bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of block characteristics and outcomes in opioid-free and opioid-based thoracic continuous spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: A double-blinded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sangadala Priyanka , Talawar Praveen , Tripathy Debendra K. , Kaushal Ashutosh , Gupta Amit , Raj Nirjhar
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:

Thoracic continuous spinal anaesthesia (TCSA) is emerging as the sole anaesthetic for major abdominal surgery due to its better perioperative outcomes. This study was designed to evaluate block characteristics and outcomes in ‘opioid-free’ and ‘opioid-based’ TCSA.

Methods:

After ethical approval, trial registration and written informed consent, 50 adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomised into ‘opioid-free’ (bupivacaine alone) and ‘opioid-based’ (bupivacaine with fentanyl) groups. After confirmation of T4-L1 dermatome level of spinal anaesthesia, sedation by intravenous (IV) midazolam (0.02–0.05 mg/kg), ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) and dexmedetomidine (bolus dose of 1 µg/kg IV over 10 min followed by 0.2–0.7 µg/kg/h infusion) were started. The primary outcome measured was postoperative pain scores for 72 h in both groups. The secondary objectives were rescue opioid requirement, and the dose of bupivacaine required to achieve T4 level. Data were compared using the two-sided Student t-test, Mann-Whitney and Fisher’s exact tests.

Results:

The ‘opioid-based’ group performed significantly better compared with the ‘opioid-free’ group concerning pain scores at rest at 0 h (P = 0.023), 18 h (P = 0.023) and 24 h (P = 0.016) postoperatively, decreased intrathecal bupivacaine requirement [(induction (P = 0.012) and maintenance (P = 0.031)], postoperative rescue fentanyl requirement (P = 0.018) and patient satisfaction (P = 0.032) at the cost of increased postoperative nausea and vomiting (P = 0.049).

Conclusion:

The ‘opioid-based’ TCSA provided better postoperative analgesia with significantly lesser postoperative pain scores when compared to the ‘opioid-free’ group in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.
Retrolaminar block for opioid-free anaesthesia and enhanced recovery after posterior lumbar discectomy: A randomised controlled study
Authors: Kamel Alshaimaa A. F. , Fahmy Ahmed M. , Medhat Marwa M. , Elmesallamy Wael A. E. Ali , Salem Dina A. E.
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:

Intraoperative regional analgesia and enhanced recovery are standard care models aimed at reducing perioperative opioid use following spine surgeries. This study aimed to examine the analgesic effect of retrolaminar block in promoting recovery and pain relief after posterior lumbar discectomy.

Methods:

The patients undergoing elective posterior lumbar discectomy were randomised into the retrolaminar group (n = 36) (received an intra-operative bilateral retrolaminar block with 15 mL of bupivacaine 0.25%, 2 mL (8 mg) of dexamethasone, and 2 mL of magnesium sulphate 10% (200 mg) on each side) and control group (n = 36) (received standard general anaesthesia). Primary outcomes were recovery time (time from isoflurane discontinuation to the first response to verbal command) and time to discharge (time from admission to the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) to discharge from the PACU, when Aldrete score was ≥9). P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:

The extubation, recovery, and discharge times were significantly shorter in the retrolaminar group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the retrolaminar group for up to 8 h compared to only 2 h in the control group (P < 0.001). The time to first administration of ketorolac post-operatively was significantly longer in the retrolaminar group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The total consumption of ketorolac post-operatively was significantly reduced in the retrolaminar group compared to the control group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Intra-operative retrolaminar block is an easy and effective opioid-free regional anaesthesia technique that improves recovery after posterior lumbar discectomy.
Rare Cause of Respiratory Distress in an Infant
Authors: Chithambaram N. S.
Published: February 2024

Respiratory distress is one of the most common problems faced by pediatricians worldwide. There are various medical and surgical causes which manifests as respiratory distress in infants. The management of these infants depends on the etiology of respiratory distress. Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM), previously called Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of the lungs is one of the surgical causes of respiratory distress in infants. With various advances in antenatal ultrasound, many cases are detected in the prenatal period. However, some cases are missed and these infants present as respiratory distress due to secondary infection of the cysts in early infancy. Surgical management (lobectomy) is the cornerstone of this malformation if these infants are symptomatic. Here, we report a 2-month and 15-day-old infant who presented with respiratory distress secondary to CPAM with infection.
Troubleshooting of Unusual and Challenging Presentation in Pediatric Airway Emergency: A Case Series
Authors: Das K. Nidhin , Sharma Vidhu , Gupta Diksha , Soni Kapil , Katti Madhusudan , Kaur Manbir , Sharma Alok Kumar , Kamal Manoj , Sinha Arvind , Goyal Amit
Published: February 2024

This case series explores three distinct pediatric airway complications and their successful management through innovative on-table procedures. The first case involves a 10-month-old male baby who presented with a broken tracheostomy tube lodged within the trachea as a foreign body. The second case features a 5‐year‐old boy with left main bronchus stenosis, while the third case highlights an 8‐year‐old girl with subglottic and mid‐tracheal stenosis. In each case, conventional treatment options posed significant challenges due to the unique nature of the airway obstructions. However, the medical teams demonstrated remarkable ingenuity by implementing on-table innovations to address these critical situations. The cases were approached with a combination of advanced imaging, real-time decision-making, and tailored interventions. This case series underscores the importance of adaptability and creative problem-solving in pediatric airway emergencies. Through these cases, we showcase the potential for successful outcomes when health-care professionals utilize on-table innovation, enabling them to swiftly and effectively manage complex pediatric airway complications, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life. These experiences offer valuable insights for medical practitioners facing similar challenging scenarios in their clinical practice.
The effect of oral zinc on hemoglobin and dose of erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Seirafian Shiva , Feizi Awat , Shahidi Shahrzad , Badri Shirin Sadat , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein , Najafabadi Pejman Pourazari , Naeini Elham Kabiri
Published: February 2024

Background:

In hemodialysis (HD) patients, low serum zinc level could cause hyporesponsivity to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and lead to anemia. This study investigated the effects of oral zinc supplements on the required dose of erythropoietin in patients undergoing HD.

Materials and Methods:

In a double-blinded randomized trial, 76 HD patients were assigned to 2 groups of 38. One group (intervention) was treated with oral zinc supplements of 210 mg, daily for 6 months, and the other group (control) used placebo capsules for 6 months. The serum zinc level, hemoglobin level, and required dose of erythropoietin, albumin, ferritin, ferrous, and total iron-binding capacity were evaluated 3 and 6 months after intervention.

Results:

Repeated measures ANOVA did not show a significant increase in Hb level after 6 months of intervention (P = 0.28). However, the required dose of erythropoietin was decreased, but the changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The changes in the other variables were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Oral zinc supplementation in HD patients could not increase hemoglobin level irrespective of their serum zinc level.
Cyberbullying Text Identification based on Deep Learning and Transformer-based Language Models
Authors: Saifullah Khalid , Khan Muhammad Ibrahim , Jamal Suhaima , Sarker Iqbal H.
Published: February 2024

In the contemporary digital age, social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube serve as vital channels for individuals to express ideas and connect with others. Despite fostering increased connectivity, these platforms have inadvertently given rise to negative behaviors, particularly cyberbullying. While extensive research has been conducted on high-resource languages such as English, there is a notable scarcity of resources for low-resource languages like Bengali, Arabic, Tamil, etc., particularly in terms of language modeling. This study addresses this gap by developing a cyberbullying text identification system called BullyFilterNeT tailored for social media texts, considering Bengali as a test case. The intelligent BullyFilterNeT system devised overcomes Out-of-Vocabulary (OOV) challenges associated with non-contextual embeddings and addresses the limitations of context-aware feature representations. To facilitate a comprehensive understanding, three non-contextual embedding models GloVe, FastText, and Word2Vec are developed for feature extraction in Bengali. These embedding models are utilized in the classification models, employing three statistical models (SVM, SGD, Libsvm), and four deep learning models (CNN, VDCNN, LSTM, GRU). Additionally, the study employs six transformer-based language models: mBERT, bELECTRA, IndicBERT, XML-RoBERTa, DistilBERT, and BanglaBERT, respectively to overcome the limitations of earlier models. Remarkably, BanglaBERT-based BullyFilterNeT achieves the highest accuracy of 88.04% in our test set, underscoring its effectiveness in cyberbullying text identification in the Bengali language.
Key players in renewable energy and artificial intelligence research
Authors: Eslava-Zapata Rolando , Sánchez-Castillo Verenice , Juaneda-Ayensa Emma
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION: As countries work on the transition towards renewable energies that comply with the 2030 Agenda and the sustainable development goals, Artificial Intelligence is presented as a tool that is being adopted to promote the generation of renewable energies such as solar or wind power. , given the support it offers to automation, assisted decisions, and production efficiency. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the key players in renewable energy and artificial intelligence research. METHODS: The Scopus database is used to obtain the scientific articles for the period 2013-2023, and the Visualization of Similarities program (VOSviewer 1.6.18) is used for data processing and analysis. RESULTS: An analysis of 822 articles shows that the countries with the highest scientific production are China (148), India (136) and the United States (81). In this regard, it is clear that there is significant collaboration between countries. With regard to the analysis of Co-occurrence - Author Keywords, three clusters are generated. The first cluster, identified with the color red, is related to artificial intelligence management; the second cluster, identified with the color green, is related to artificial intelligence innovation; and the third cluster, identified with the color blue, is related to energy models. CONCLUSION: Researchers are facing new challenges every day to respond to the irruption of the use of new algorithms in the generation of renewable energies, given the range of available tools such as deep learning or neural networks. Research results have revealed that in recent years, scientific production has understood that AI is not a trend but rather a challenge facing society, industry, countries, or education in order to achieve sustainable development.
Concentration and non-concentration of eigenfunctions of second-order elliptic operators in layered media
Authors: Benabdallah Assia , Ben-Artzi Matania , Dermenjian Yves
Published: February 2024

This work is concerned with operators of the type

A=-\tilde{c}\Delta

acting in domains

\Omega\coloneq \Omega'\times (0,H)\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{d}\times\mathbb{R}_{+}.

The diffusion coefficient

\tilde{c}>0

depends on one coordinate

y\in (0,H)

and is bounded but may be discontinuous. This corresponds to the physical model of “layered media,” appearing in acoustics, elasticity, optical fibers… . Dirichlet boundary conditions are assumed. In general, for each

\varepsilon>0,

the set of eigenfunctions is divided into a disjoint union of three subsets:

\mathfrak{F}_{NG}

(non-guided),

\mathfrak{F}_{G}

(guided) and

\mathfrak{F}_{\textup{res}}

(residual). The residual set shrinks as

\varepsilon \to 0.

The customary physical terminology of guided/non-guided is often replaced in the mathematical literature by concentrating/non-concentrating solutions, respectively. For guided waves, the assumption of “layered media” enables us to obtain rigorous estimates of their exponential decay away from concentration zones. The case of non-guided waves has attracted less attention in the literature. While it is not so closely connected to physical models, it leads to some very interesting questions concerning oscillatory solutions and their asymptotic properties. Classical asymptotic methods are available for

c(y)\in C^{2}

but a lesser degree of regularity excludes such methods. The associated eigenfunctions (in

\mathfrak{F}_{NG}

) are oscillatory. However, this fact by itself does not exclude the possibility of “flattening out” of the solution between two consecutive zeros, leading to concentration in the complementary segment. Here we show it cannot happen when

c(y)

is of bounded variation, by proving a “minimal amplitude hypothesis.” However the validity of such results when

c(y)

is not of bounded variation (even if it is continuous) remains an open problem.
A uniqueness result for the Calderón problem for $U(N)$-connections coupled to spinors
Authors: Valero Carlos
Published: February 2024

In this paper we define a Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for a twisted Dirac Laplacian acting on bundle-valued spinors over a spin manifold. We show that this map is a pseudodifferential operator of order 1 whose symbol determines the Taylor series of the metric and connection at the boundary. We go on to show that if two real-analytic connections couple to a spinor via the Yang–Mills–Dirac equations with appropriate boundary conditions, and have equal Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps, then the two connections are globally gauge equivalent in the smooth category. In the abelian case, the global gauge equivalence is in the real-analytic category.
Lieb–Thirring and Jensen sums for non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators on the half-line
Authors: Golinskii Leonid , Stepanenko Alexei
Published: February 2024

We prove upper and lower bounds for sums of eigenvalues of Lieb–Thirring type for non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators on the half-line. The upper bounds are established for general classes of integrable potentials and are shown to be optimal in various senses by proving the lower bounds for specific potentials. We consider sums that correspond to both the critical and non-critical cases.
Интегральные представления и вложения пространств функций положительной гладкости на гeльдеровой области
Authors: Besov Oleg Vladimirovich
Published: February 2024

Установлены теоремы о вложении пространств функций положительной гладкости, определенных на гeльдеровой области $n$-мерного евклидова пространства.
О наилучшем восстановлении семейства операторов на многообразии $\mathbb R^n\times \mathbb T^m$
Authors: Magaril-Il'yaev Georgii Georgievich , Sivkova Elena Olegovna
Published: February 2024

Для однопараметрического семейства операторов на многообразии $\mathbb R^n\times \mathbb T^m$ решена задача наилучшего восстановления оператора при данном значении параметра по неточной информации об операторах при других значениях параметра из некоторого компакта. Построено семейство наилучших методов восстановления. В качестве следствий получены семейства наилучших методов восстановления решений уравнения теплопроводности и задачи Дирихле для полупространства.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION ON TOURISM PATRONAGE AT FREEDOM PARK, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Olakunle Shakur OLAWUYI , Diamond Onifade AYOMIDE
Published: February 2024

Background: Transportation is important for the movement goods and human being from one location to another. It reduces journey time significantly. It also facilitates productivity and profitability via making it easy for consumers of goods and services to access goods and services in real time. Transportation makes it possible for tourists to get to and depart from tourism destinations. Road transportation is the most used, amongst other mode of transportation.Objective(s): The study examined the impact of road transportation on tourism patronage at Freedom Park, Lagos Island, Lagos state, Nigeria.Methods: The research design used in this study is the quantitative research design. Retrieved data via questionnaire were descriptively analyzed.Results: The result of the study reveals that there is a general perception that the road transportation in Lagos is good and it is safe to ply at any time of the day .Conclusions: However, the road that leads to Freedom Park is not in a good condition and it is capable of influencing tourism patronage at the park negatively. The road leading to the park should be rehabilitated and better maintained
Assessment of Yam Flakes Production among Rural Women in Baruten Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Adefalu Lateef Lawal , Saka Mariam Abimbola , Olaitan Tunde Rafiu , Olaniyan Obasola Babatunde , Ogunnaike Oluwatosin Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

The study assessed yam flake production among rural women in Baruten Local Government Area of Kwara state, Nigeria. The interview schedule was employed to obtain data from 120 sampled respondents. Data were analysed using percentage, mean, and Chi-square tests. Findings showed that the mean age of the respondents was 38 years, with a mean of 17.4 years of experience and an average monthly income of N23,167.  The majority (78.2%) had formal education.
The study concluded that drudgery and inadequate storage facilities are the major constraints affecting yam flake production in the study area. The study recommends that the Women in Agriculture (WIA) should improve the capacity building of women processors to enhance the efficient production of yam flakes in the study area.
Determinants of Profitability Among Agricultural Equipment Fabricators in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Olusegun , Ogunbayo Iredele , Enya Effa , Aburime Peace , Oyegbile Adetola , Adekoya Adegbenga , Akano Oreoluwa , Osadebamwen Uyiosa Genesis , Olorunkoya Olubusayo
Published: February 2024

The study examined enterprise profitability among agricultural equipment fabricators. It was conducted in Oyo State, Nigeria using a multistage sampling procedure to select the 48 respondents from whom data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Percentage was used to analyse the socioeconomic and enterprise characteristics of the respondents, while gross margin analysis was used to determine the profitability of the enterprise. A linear regression model was used to ascertain the drivers of enterprise profitability among respondents. Findings revealed that over half (54.4%) of the fabricators produced processing equipment, while fewer (28.2%) produced farm tools. Most of the fabricators operated with a mean workshop space of 1.3 m2. The gross margin analysis showed a total revenue of N95,302,900 exceeding the total cost of production (N20,374,205), indicating (N74,928,695) profitability of their enterprise with an N3.68 return on investment per Naira. Fabrication being a secondary occupation (β=0.340), and business registration with the Corporate Affairs Commission (β=0.473) significantly influenced profitability among the respondents. This study recommends regulating the fabrication sector through policies, ensuring that fabricators register their outfits with designated statutory bodies to significantly enhance the standardization of outputs and increase the units of production, hence, improving the profitability of the enterprise.
Training Needs of Agro-Dealers in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Bamigboye Oluwaseun Tosin , Adeniji Oladimeji Bolaji , Fakayode Segun Bamidele , Ogunjimi Sunday Idowu
Published: February 2024

The study identified the training needs of agro-dealers in South-west, Nigeria. A proportionate sampling procedure was used to select 122 agro-dealers for the study. A survey questionnaire and focus group discussion were used to collect data. The data were analysed using percentages, ranked discrepancy scores (RDS) and the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The Wilcoxon signed rank test at a 5% level of significance indicated the need for training in good agronomic practices (z= -7.679), planning of demonstration plots (z= -4.434), evaluation of trials (z= -3.818), financial management (z= -3.765), and business planning (z= -2.412). However, the need for training in recording and reporting (z= -0.395), and input ordering and distribution (z= -0.440) were not significant. Agro-dealers need training to develop their knowledge and technical capacity on the agro-inputs they sell, in order to provide up-to-date and authentic information about these products. Therefore, it is crucial to organize more training workshops for agro-dealers on the identified areas of training to improve their knowledge and skills for the services they provide.
Socio-Economic Determinants of ICT Utilization among Small Ruminant Farmers in Gombe North Senatorial District of Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi M. , Ibo I. M , Tata L. A. , Chekene M. B.
Published: February 2024

This article examined the relationship between socioeconomic features on the utilization of ICT tools in small ruminant animal production in Gombe North senatorial district of Gombe state, Nigeria. 120 small ruminant animal producers were selected using multistage sampling methodologies. The findings revealed that the respondents’ sex, highest educational level, farm size, and the number of secondary occupations, were the socio-economic characteristics which exerted a strong, influence on the overall extent of ICT gadget usage. Respondents; sex was found to have a rho value of .862, the highest educational level.968, farm size .870 and the number of secondary occupations.930. The study suggests that farmers should seek further education, try to increase their farm size, introduce more other enterprises into their farms and engage in more other secondary occupations.
The role played by taboos in exposing women to maternal mortality in Binga, Zimbabwe
Authors: Zinyemba Lizzy
Published: February 2024

Taboos are prohibited behaviours that have supernatural explanations, they affect women during pregnancy, childbirth and during the lactation period, resulting in high maternal mortality rates. The objectives of this study were to explore cultural taboos that expose women to maternal mortality and to examine the role of taboos in maternal health care. The study employed a qualitative research approach, making use of focus group discussions, and key informant interviews as data collection methods. Twelve (12) focus group discussions consisting of 6-12 people were conveniently sampled from villages in ward 1 Binga. The study found out that food taboos like prohibited starchy foods, protein meats exposed pregnant women to malnutrition and health complications. Cultural taboos delayed pregnant women from accessing maternal health care. Cultural taboos like bidding farewell to pregnant women and being escorted by pregnant women when leaving their homestead, limited pregnant women’s chances of getting transport assistance from neighbours and friends. On the other hand the study found out that taboos had cultural significance in Binga hence why women adhered to them. It can thus be concluded that taboos should be well known beyond the current body of knowledge if maternal mortality rates are to decline in Zimbabwe. They should be critically analysed and unpacked to decipher the content of the knowledge within them from an Afro centric perspective and a conventional point of view. Finally, the study recommends the need for appropriate strategies to disseminate information of taboos that contribute to maternal mortality and reinforcing taboos that preserve our cultural heritage.
How to cite this article using ASWNet style
Zinyemba, L. (2023). The role played by taboos in exposing women to maternal mortality in Binga, Zimbabwe. People centred – The Journal of Development Administration (JDA), 8(4), 113-120. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jda.v8i4.3
Visit journal website: https://jda.africasocialwork.net
Paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis,Tanzania
Authors: Massawe Enica R. , Somboi Happy E. , Muganyizi Asterius , Joseph Petra
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis is inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses that lasts for at least twelve weeks.  Paranasal sinus variations account for various pathologies, including chronic rhinosinusitis. This study assessed the anatomical variations  of paranasal sinuses among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis attending otorhinolaryngology services in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania.

Method: This was a descriptive prospective cross-sectional study of 120 patients aged 15 years and above who fulfilled the Rhinosinusitis  Task Force criteria. A structured checklist was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics and clinical presentations. Cone-beam  computed tomography scan and the Lund-Mackay scoring system were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26, and p-values  <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled with a median age of 37 (IQR 27-52)  years, with 40% aged 30-49 years. There were 65 (54.2%) males, and 55 (45.8%) females. Maxillary sinuses were affected in 85.8% of all  patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The overall proportion of anatomical variation was 53.3%, with concha bullosa, deviated nasal  septum, Onodi cells, and septal spur being the most common, accounting for 40.6%, 25.0%, 23.4%, and 20.3%, respectively. Twenty-four  patients with concha bullosa had chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis, with 14 (58.3%) having ipsilateral rhinosinusitis.

Conclusion: Half of the  patients had one or more paranasal sinus anatomical variations. The most common variants were concha bullosa followed by deviated  nasal septum. Onodi cells and septal spurs were rarely identified. Most patients with concha bullosa had ipsilateral maxillary sinusitis.
Hepatocellular carcinoma and aflatoxin in Sudan: The way forward
Authors: Elhassan Moawia Mohammed Ali
Published: February 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common type of cancer and the third leading cause of death worldwide. It is especially  prevalent in developing countries, with around 80% of cases occurring in Asia and Africa. Aflatoxin B1 is a well-documented risk factor for  HCC, among other factors. In Sudan, there is limited reliable and comprehensive data on cancer epidemiology, including HCC. This paper  focuses on the current status of HCC in Sudan, specifically in relation to aflatoxin. Additionally, recommendations are provided to  enhance the control measures for HCC in the country.
Measuring Similarity Between ETL Processes Using Graph Edit Distance
Authors: Brzeski Maciej , Roman Adam
Published: February 2024

Maintaining data warehouses and ETL processes is becoming increasingly difficult. For this reason, we introduce a similarity measure on ETL processes, based on the edit distance of a graph, which models the process. We show both the exact way how to calculate it and heuristic approaches to compute the estimated similarity more quickly. We propose methods to improve graph edit distance based on the assumption that the ETL process model is a directed acyclic graph.
Księga o przyjaciołach Zofii Nałkowskiej i Marii Wielopolskiej. Karta z dziejów polskich zoonarracji
Authors: Sobieraj Tomasz
Published: February 2024

Artykuł stanowi próbę interpretacji Księgi o przyjaciołach, wydanego w 1927 roku tomu nowel i opowiadań Zofii Nałkowskiej i Marii Jehanne Wielopolskiej, poświęconego tematyce zwierzęcej. Obie autorki były miłośniczkami zwierząt, protestowały przeciwko wszelkim formom ludzkiej przemocy w stosunku do nich, nawiązywały bliskie relacje uczuciowe z nimi. W Księdze o przyjaciołach da się odnaleźć liczne ślady krytyki postaw antropocentrycznych oraz głosy w obronie zwierząt. Nałkowska i Wielopolska potrafiły wniknąć w życie psychiczne zwierząt, ukazywały je jako indywidualności o dużych zdolnościach poznawczych i emocjonalnych. Księga o przyjaciołach może być uznana za przykład zoonarracji przedstawiających zwierzęta nie w sposób skonwencjonalizowany, lecz jako podmioty, których doświadczenia poszerzają horyzonty poznawcze całości. Utwory Nałkowskiej cechowała pewna powściągliwość stylistyczna, z kolei Wielopolska preferowała prozę poetycką o stylu emfatycznym.

The Book on Friends by Zofia Nałkowska and Maria Wielopolska. A Page from the History of Polish Zoonarrative

This article is an attempt to interpret The Book on Friends, a volume of short stories written by Zofia Nałkowska and Maria Jehanne Wielopolska, published in 1927 year. The Book on Friends was devoted to the theme of animals. Both Nałkowska and Wielopolska were animal lovers, protesting against all forms of human cruelty towards them, and establishing close emotional relationships with them. In The Book on Friends, numerous traces of criticism of anthropocentric attitudes and voices in defence of animals can be found. Nałkowska and Wielopolska were able to penetrate into the psychological life of animals, portraying them as individuals with great cognitive and emotional abilities. The Book on Friends can be seen as an example of the Polish zoonarrative (an animal narrative), presenting animals not in a conventional way, but as subjects whose experiences broaden the cognitive horizons. Nałkowska’s works were characterized by a certain stylistic restraint, while Wielopolska preferred poetic prose with an emphatic style.
Kobiety w męskich snach o idealnym świecie. Klasyczne teksty utopijne XVI i XVII wieku
Authors: Juszczyk Andrzej
Published: February 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie klasycznych tekstów utopijnych (Thomas More, Tommaso Campanella, Johann V. Andreae, Francis Bacon) pod kątem zaprezentowanego w nich obrazu kobiety. Autor omawia kwestie: miejsca kobiety w organizacji utopijnych społeczeństw, roli kobiety w rodzinie, pracy kobiet, dostępu kobiet do nauki, w kontekście deklarowanej przez autorów literackich utopii równości obu płci. Tekst sytuuje też utopijne wizje społeczeństw idealnych na tle badań historycznych dotyczących miejsca kobiety w Europie XVI i XVII wieku.

Women in Men’s Dreams of an Ideal World. Classic Literary Utopias of the 16th and 17th Centuries

The article focuses on the analysis of classic utopian texts (Thomas More, Tommaso Campanella, Johann V. Andreae, Francis Bacon) in terms of women’s image presented in them. The author discusses the issues of the women’s place in the organization of utopian societies, the role of women in the family, the work of women and women’s access to science, in context of the equality of men and women declared by the authors of the literary utopias. The text compares utopian visions of ideal societies and the results of historical research on women’s place in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Przymierza ludzko-zwierzęce. Lektury zootanatologiczne w perspektywie Bydlęcego brzemienia Sunaury Taylor
Authors: Ładoń Monika
Published: February 2024

Autorka artykułu przedstawia wybrane wątki książki Bydlęce brzemię. Wyzwolenie ludzi z niepełnosprawnością i zwierząt Sunaury Taylor, amerykańskiej pisarki, malarki i aktywistki, chorującej na artrogrypozę. Omawiany esej z jednej strony opiera się na autobiograficznym doświadczeniu niepełnosprawności autorki, z drugiej zaś strony dotyczy wspólnoty niepełnosprawnych, określanych jako „największa mniejszość”. Autorka artykułu skupia uwagę na kilku problemach. Po pierwsze, referuje tok wywodu Taylor prowadzący ją do uznania bliźniaczego statusu osób z niepełnosprawnością i zwierząt. Po drugie, na tle disability studies i animal studies rozpatruje znaczenie idei Taylor, która zmierza do wskazania obszarów wzajemnych ludzko-zwierzęcych oddziaływań i możliwości porozumienia międzygatunkowego opartego na trosce i opiece. W drugiej części artykułu interpretuje powieść Przyjaciel Sigrid Nunez oraz opowiadanie Suka Andrzeja Stasiuka z wykorzystaniem teorii Taylor i perspektywy zootanatologii. Human-Animal Alliances. Zoothanatological Readings in Perspective Beasts of Burden by Sunaura Taylor The author of the article presents selected threads of the book of Sunaura Taylor, Beasts of Burden. Animal and Disability Liberation. Taylor is an American writer, painter and activist, who suffers from artrogryphosis. The essay is, on the one hand, based on author’s autobiographical experience of disability, and on the other hand, it concerned with the disabled community, defined as the “largest minority.” In the discussion of the book, the author of the article focuses on several issues. First, she presents Taylor’s argument leading to the recognition of the twin status of people with disabilities and animals. Secondly, based on disability studies and animal studies, the author considers the meaning of Taylor’s ideas, which points to the areas of mutual human-animal interactions and the possibilities of interspecies understanding based on care. The second part of the article presents the possibility of interpreting two novels: The Friend by Sigrid Nunez and Suka by Andrzej Stasiuk based on Taylor’s theories and the perspective of zoothanatology.
Evaluación y Selección de una Tecnología para el tratamiento de Residuos Sólidos Orgánicos Municipales en la ciudad de Arequipa -2020
Authors: Herrera Ruben Antonio Matheos , Ordoñez Nancy Ivon Orihuela , Corrales Olivia Anyelina Paz
Published: February 2024

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como propósito encontrar la tecnología apropiada para el tratamiento de los residuos sólidos orgánicos municipales; para tal fin se analizaron los tratamientos aplicados a la fecha en la localidad, como incineración, digestión anaeróbica, compostaje, pirolisis, gasificación por plasma y relleno sanitario.    Para el análisis se utilizaron las variables establecidas en el análisis Jerárquico Multicriterio, seleccionando los criterios con la matriz de impacto cruzado obteniéndose 19 item, agrupados en criterios técnicos, sociales, económicos y ambientales. Finalmente se calculó la   importancia con la tabla de ponderación quedando con los siguientes resultados Gasificación por Plasma con 357 puntos, pirolisis 350, 329 incineración, 325 Digestión anaeróbica, 314 destinado al compostaje y la disposición final en un relleno sanitario con 285 puntos. A partir de los resultados obtenidos con las herramientas anteriores, se propone que la tecnología de Gasificación por plasma es la apropiada para el tratamiento de los residuos sólidos orgánicos municipales,  eliminando así el material de mayor volumen generado   (58.74%), con la  propuesta de destruirlos térmicamente hasta la obtención de elemento básicos.
RUMLARIN BAFRA'DA GERÇEKLEŞTİRDİKLERİ ÇAĞŞUR (ESENÇAY) KATLİAMI (1917)
Authors: GÖLEN Zafer
Published: February 2024

Yüzyıllardır bir arada yaşan Bafra Türk ve Rumları XX. yüzyılla birlikte Rumların Pontus hayalleri yüzünden sıkıntılı bir döneme girmiştir. Çoğunluğu Bafra dışından Rumlardan oluşan ve ideolojik merkezleri Merzifon Amerikan Koleji olan Rumlar kısa sırada terörize olmuşlardır. Bu terör gruplarına bir süre sonra Merzifon Amerikan Koleji’nde konuşlu misyoner öğretmenlerin bizzat ilgilendiği Kapukaya gibi Rum köylerin yerel halkı da destek vermeye başlamışlardır. I. Dünya Savaşı’nın karışık siyasî ve askerî ortamından istifade eden Rumlar, Türklerin askere alınmasını fırsat bilerek komşu Türk köylerine saldırmaya, şehrin ileri gelen Müslümanlarının ev ve çiftliklerine saldırmaya, suikastlarla Türk halkını yıldırmaya çalışmışlardır. Rumların genel taktikleri kalabalık gruplarla genellikle kadın, yaşlı ve çocukların bulunduğu köylere saldırarak Türk halkı katletmek, köyü yakmak ve böylece köylerin boşaltılması suretiyle yayılmaktan ibaretti. Nitekim bu plan 17 Ekim 1917’de Çağşur’da da uygulamaya konulmuştur. Kapıkaya merkezli 600 kişilik Pontuscu çete grubu 17 Ekim 1917’de köye saldırmış, köy tamamen yakılmıştır. Saldırı esnasında tamamı çocuk, kadın ve yaşlıdan oluşan 67’si kesin olmak üzere çok sayıda insan hayatını kaybetmiştir. Saldırıdan sağ kurtulanlar Bafra’ya kaçmak zorunda kalmış, görgü tanıklarının anlattığı gibi Çağşur halkının köylerine dönmesi Milli Mücadele sonrasında ancak sağlanabilmiştir.
Relocating to an Old Age Home: A Qualitative Analysis of Older Adults Living in the Old Age Homes of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Sana , Tariq Jawad
Published: February 2024

Shifting to old age homes is a rather new concept in Pakistan. However, it is happening. And there is a need to make it an easy transition for the elderly. The idea was to explore all the issues the elderly face while shifting to old age homes so that they can be tackled in the best possible way. This qualitative study was carried out with the help of 22 respondents, including both males and females residing in three major old homes of Punjab. The interview technique was utilized to gather data, and then themes were analyzed. The thematic analysis of the gathered data indicated various themes, including autonomy and old homes, decision and dependability, quality of life, establishing new relationships and emotional reactions to relocation. Other than these themes, lack of a proper transitional process and role of the staff members are also highlighted. The themes that are being identified in the research will help in highlighting all the issues elderly face while shifting to old age homes. Since it is something that is not in accordance with our cultural values, a proper support system is required to make it as smooth as possible.
Strategi Guru dalam Menangani Anak ADHD (Attention Deficit Hiperactivity Disorder) dalam Pembelajaran di Kelas 2 SD Negeri Kalicacing 02 Salatiga
Authors: Rahmawati Arfida Dewi , Lisnawati Diyah , Windari Adila Risma
Published: February 2024

Pendidikan inklusi dapat diartikan sebagai sistem pelayanan pendidikan khusus yang mengharuskan semua anak dengan kebutuhan khusus diberikan layanan yang sama dengan teman sebayanya. Dalam menangani anak ADHD di kelas, guru harus mempunyai strategi khusus. Banyak teori maupun strategi dari ahli untuk menjawab bagaimana cara guru dalam menangani anak ADHD di kelas. Ketepatan guru dalam menangani anak ADHD di kelas dipengaruhi oleh sesuai tidaknya dengan strategi menurut para ahli. Bertepatan di kelas 2 SD Negeri Kalicacing 02 Salatiga, penulis menemukan kelas inklusi dan mendapati anak ADHD. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka dan wawancara oleh guru kelas 2 SD Negeri Kalicacing 02 Salatiga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru kelas 2 SD Negeri Kalicacing 02 Salatiga telah menerapkan strategi berdasar para ahli dalam menangani Anak ADHD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru kelas 2 SD Negeri Kalicacing 02 Salatiga telah menerapkan strategi dalam menangani Anak ADHD sesuai dengan teori maupun strategi dari para ahli.
Hemorragia posparto: nuevas evidencias
Authors: Rojas Pérez Lino Arturo , Rojas Cruz Lino Arturo , Villagómez Vega María Daniela , Rojas Cruz Augusto Ernesto , Rojas Cruz Andrés Eduardo
Published: February 2024

Introducción: la hemorragia posparto (HPP) es toda pérdida sanguínea mayor de 500 ml luego de un parto vaginal o mayor de 1000 mililitros luego de una cesárea, o cualquier pérdida sanguínea luego del parto que provoque inestabilidad hemodinámica, independiente del tipo de parto. Puede provocar signos y síntomas de choque que si no se maneja adecuadamente podría comprometer la vida de la paciente. Objetivo: realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre HPP. Métodos: se realizó una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica de la literatura médica más actualizada sobre HPP. Resultados y discusión: 32 artículos médicos en idioma español y en idioma inglés de los últimos años se incluyen en el presente trabajo, lo que incluye guías clínicas. La HPP se clasifica en hemorragia postparto primaria, temprana o inmediata y en hemorragia postparto secundaria o tardía. Dentro de las principales causas de hemorragia postparto primaria tenemos como nemotecnia las 4 T que incluyen: Tono, Trauma, Tejido y Trombina, siendo la más frecuente la relacionada con el tono que representa el 70% de los casos. La clave del manejo de la HPP es reconocer el sangrado excesivo en el posparto, identificar la causa, e iniciar una intervención adecuada según el caso. Conclusión: la HPP es la segunda causa de muerte materna a nivel mundial, por lo tanto, es muy importante conocer sus causas, manejo y la prevención de la misma.
Determinants and Prevalence of Drug Abuse by Gender in the Selected Competitive Sports at the Universities in Kenya
Authors: Ramara Timothy , Munayi Simon , Bailasha Nicholas , Chumba Janet
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to identify the determinants and prevalence of drug abuse by gender in selected competitive sports at the universities in Kenya.

Methodology: The study used a mixed methods research design with an intention to capture and utilise both qualitative and quantitative data. The study sample comprised 300 respondents. Out of the 300 students, 173 (57.7%) were male and 127 (42.3%) were female players derived from six selected competitive sports at the universities in Kenya. The selected sports were badminton, tennis, basketball, volleyball, soccer and rugby. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling was used to select 10 universities proportionately (4 private and 6 public), the method was the most appropriate to capture universities with women rugby in addition to the five other selected sports. The study sought to investigate the prevalence of drug abuse due to factors such as psychosocial, medicinal and competition. SPSS computer version 20 was used to process data. The data was presented in form of Tables.

Findings: The study found that more male players than females abused drugs, with majority being rugby players. Findings indicated that there were more males than females abusing drugs at approximately 89% and 11% respectively. It was concluded that more male than female athletes engaging in sports in universities in Kenya, abuse drugs. This could be attributed to the assumption that males tend to experiment more on most things than do their female counterparts.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning Theory, SelfDetermination Theory and Harm Reduction Theory may be used to anchor future studies. It was recommended that various stakeholders that include the university management, NACADA and the security apparatus work together with an aim to sensitize and curb drug abuse menace among university athletes, general students’ community and the entire community bordering the universities
Ekspert xulosasining dalil manbai sifatidagi tuzilishi, mazmuni va uni baholash
Authors: Ganiyev Otabek
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada sud ekspertiza xulosasining tuzilishi, mazmuni va uning ilmiy asoslanganligi va ekspertiza o‘tkazish uchun belgilangan barcha protsessual qoidalarga rioya etilganligi nuqtai nazaridan baholash masalalariga bag‘ishlangan hamda ekspert xulosalarini baholashning aniq, yagona uslubiyoti ishlab chiqilmaganligi ta’kidlangan. Ekspert xulosasining mazmuni va tuzilishi, ya’ni sud eksperti xulosasining barcha tarkibiy qismlari (kirish, tadqiqot va xulosalar – yakunlovchi qism)  amaldagi qonunchilik hujjatlariga muvofiq batafsil yoritilgan. Bir qator kriminalist olimlarning nazariy fikrlarining tahlillariga tayanib, ekspert xulosasini protsessual hujjat sifatida baholash nuqtai nazaridan ushbu hujjatni rasmiylashtirish uchun bir qator protsessual talablar inobatga olinishi kerakligi asoslangan hamda uning daliliy ma’lumot manbai sifatida baholash bilan bog‘liq bir qator qoidalarga e’tibor qaratish lozimligi asoslangan. Shuningdek, ekspert xulosasini baholashning o‘ziga  xos xususiyatlari ta’kidlangan, ekspert xulosasining tadqiqot qismining faktik va uslubiy tomonini tekshirishda tergovchi va sud bilishi zarur bo‘lgan jihatlarga e’tibor qaratilgan. Ekspert xulosasining qonun chiqaruvchi tomonidan belgilangan tuzilishi tergovchiga, dalil sifatidagi yakuniy hujjatda aks ettirilgan, ekspertiza tadqiqotlarining kirish, tadqiqot va xulosalar (yakunlovchi) qismlarini ketma-ketlikda va tizimli ravishda tahlil qilish va baholashga imkon berishi asoslangan. Shu bilan birga, ekspertiza tadqiqotlarini o‘tkazish va natijalarni rasmiylashtirish faoliyatini nazorat qilishda amalga oshiriladigan tadbirlar tavsiya qilingan.
Preliminary notes concerning Middle Bronze Ages pottery analysis from Costişa-Cetățuia, Neamț County
Authors: BOLOHAN Neculai
Published: February 2024

The Costișa archaeological culture has been known for more than half a century and it has been categorized as belonging to the Middle Bronze Age in the Eastern Carpathian area. From the very beginning it was supposed to be the result of local connections with southern Monteoru-type elements and northern ones such as Komariw-Bialy-Potik. This assessment was made on the basis of a comparative analysis of the known archaeological investigation methods (stratigraphy and pottery typology). The present contribution employs another type of analysis of the pottery from the eponymous site. Thus, starting from the archaeological database consisting of seven pottery shards, the following scientific investigations were performed: SEM-EDS analysis, optical spectroscopy, and chemical modules analysis. The aim was to cover all the steps followed during modern pottery investigation, from the archaeological description of the artefacts and the initial macroscopic evaluation, to the integration by the archaeologist of the data obtained from the other types of analysis. The results of these analyses could provide multiple coherent answers regarding the history of a site, the ceramic technology, the relations between the local community and the Monteoru ones.
Enhancing Central Model Performance: Leveraging Federated Learning Across Virtual Machine Networks for Distributed Training and Synchronization
Authors: Ronit Virwani  , Shubhangi Bhattacharya
Published: February 2024

This project takes a closer look at federated learning as a way of achieving superior machine learning models in a distributed manner while preserving privacy in the datasets that contribute. We have modelled a network of cooperating virtual machines working collectively without explicit sharing of data. Rather than distributing the complete big dataset to each system, we have split it into chunks of 10,000, 5,000, 40,000, 5,000 entries. These systems would then work on their data with learning rates of their model's making and in the decision-making processes to modify their settings, so that the data that systems would work on could allow for building their respective models by them. What this means is that the high point in the project is the combination of these models into one overarching model. The overarching model then gets better because of the small models learning from it without having to access the data associated with the models in a direct sense. This way, a better model can be built, which will intimately understand the data and thereby predict more accurately. Taken as a whole, we have shown how federated learning can improve the models of machine learning in a significantly private manner, and thus the methodology is positively postured with respect to future related work