bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Meta-Analysis for Association of ACE I/D Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Preterm Birth
Authors: Bahrami Reza , Dastgheib Seyed Alireza , Golestanpour Hossein , Akbarian Elahe , Emarati Alireza , Jafari-Nedooshan Mohammad , Neamatzadeh Hossein
Published: May 2021

Background: Preterm birth is one of the main contributors to newborn mortality, morbidity, and hospitalization in the first year of life globally. To date, several numbers of studies have reported that Angiotensin-Converting enzyme Insertion/Deletion polymorphism (ACE I/D) is linked with preterm birth. But those results are conflicting. Thus, we carried out this meta-analysis to summarize the existing data and evaluated the association.
Methods: All eligible studies were collected from PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, MedRxiv, SID, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBLD) up to 01 March 2021. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) under all five genetic models were calculated using either random-effects or fixed-effects models dependent on study heterogeneity.
Results: A total of five case-control studies with 480 preterm birth cases and 702 healthy subjects were included. Pooled data showed that the ACE I/D polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of preterm birth under the allele model (I vs. D: OR = 1.219, 95% CI 1.023-1.453, P = 0.027), homozygote model (II vs. DD: OR = 0.662, 95% CI 1.149-2.385, P = 0.007), and recessive model (DD vs. DI+II: OR = 0.707, 95% CI 1.082-1.948, P = 0.013). Stratified analysis by ethnicity indicated that the ACE I/D polymorphism was significantly associated with preterm birth in Caucasian descendants.
Conclusion: Our pooled data revealed that ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with the risk of preterm birth. However, larger and more rigorous studies among different populations are needed to evaluate the association with preterm birth.
Immune and Non-Immune Etiology of Thrombocytopenia: Neonatal and Maternal Causes
Authors: Lookzadeh Mohamad Hosein , Mirjalili Seyed Reza , Ekraminasab Sedigheh
Published: May 2021

Neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) is a common hemostatic abnormalitiy among newborn in the NICU, which increases with the degree of prematurity. It is well documented that this disease has a large range of feasible etiologies. Prematurity, early and late-onset sepsis and asphyxia are the most usual causes of NT. Moreover, FNAIT is the major risk for intracranial hemorrhage in the fetus or newborn. Here, we reviewed the causes for NT, in both newborns and mothers. We demonstrated the factors associated with NT in the newborn including placental insufficiency, fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT), prematurity, sepsis, and asphyxia. The causes of thrombocytopenia in pregnant women and its impact on newborns were also described. This review showed that gestational thrombocytopenia was the most common cause of thrombocytopenia with an incidence of 70-80%, followed by preeclampsia, HELLP and ITP. But neonates born to mothers with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) had a higher risk for NT and hemorrhagic problems. In ITP, neonatal platelets are destroyed by maternal autoantibodies. We reviewed the causes of thrombocytopenia in neonates and mothers in two groups of immune and nonimmune factors. However, it seems that immunological factors are the most severe form of NT. However, it is necessary to separate NT etiology for differential diagnosis.
Potential-productive intervals determination of the Tutleim formation in the central part of the Krasnoleninsky arch
Authors: Fomina Maria M. , Balushkina Natalia S. , Khotylev Oleg V. , Kalmykov Anton G. , Kalmykov Georgy A. , Reutskaya Inna O. , Romanenko Stefaniya A. , Topchy Mariya S. , Alekhin Alexander A.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of the Tutleim formation complex studies of core from 16 wells drilled on an area of 900 km2 near the Kamennaya crest of the Krasnoleninsky arch. The area is characterized by the variability of the structural plan, preserved from the time of deposits sedimentation, that might affect the structure of formation. Regionally traceable lithological units were used to describe different types of sections, which were firmly recorded on the core and on the logs. The article presents the results of the sections correlation, that shows the variability of the Tutleim formation through the area, identifies typical sections for the submerged, slope and crestal parts of the investigated field. The section may contain two reservoir intervals of different types: radiolarite and siliceous-phosphate layers with average porosity values of 7% and 15%, respectively. The radiolarite layers form the main potential-productive intervals, that are found in all types of sections on one or two stratigraphic levels: in the crestal sections only in the third unit, in the slope and submerged sections – in the first, second and third units. The phosphorite layer in the fifth unit is a characteristic singularity only of the crestal sections. The obtained results allow predicting the distribution of the potential-productive intervals of the Tutleim formation and its stratigraphic analogues in different areas with higher accuracy.
Hydrothermal-metasomatic systems as the most important factor for the formation of elements of the oil and gas-bearing complex in the Bazhenov-Abalak sediments
Authors: Karpova Evgenia V. , Khotylev Aleksey O. , Manuilova Ekaterina A. , Mayorov Aleksandr A. , Krasnova Elizaveta A. , Khotylev Oleg V. , Balushkina Natalia S. , Kalmykov Georgy A.
Published: May 2021

A model of the activity of hydrothermal-metasomatic systems confined to certain structural elements is proposed in the present article. The model is based on the analysis of a large volume of traditional studies: measurements of porosity coefficients, permeability, pyrolytic measurements - together with specific measurements: isotopic composition of carbonate rocks, temperature of homogenization of gas-liquid inclusions, studies of the composition of rocks with a scanning electron microscope, a description of petrographic thin sections. The model allows to generalize the results of the impact of hydrothermal-metasomatic systems on the reservoir properties of the rocks of the Bazhenov-Abalak complex: constructive – leaching processes and increasing reservoir properties, and destructive – massive mineral formation that fills the pore space, up to the formation of secondary seals.
Direct signs of oil-generation in the rocks of Bazhenov Suite
Authors: Pronina Natalia V. , Vaitekhovich Anastasiya P.
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the term “organic petrology” is widely used for the microscopic study of the organic matter (OM) of rocks.
In the world, there are a large number of articles describing organic macerals in regions where shale oil and gas are produced. It is no coincidence that the new term “organic petrology” appeared instead of “coal petrography” since new macerals were found and described in the dispersed organic matter. So, along with alginites (previously the only term describing the oil-source sapropel-type OM), bituminite and bitumen appeared. Bituminite is heterogeneous, so it has varieties as “post-mature bituminite” and “atypical bituminite”. One of the typical components of the Bazhenov formation, along with described above, are the remains of soft radiolarians bodies. All of these organic macerals have a similar reflectance index with small differences.
Long-term studies of the OM rocks of the West Siberian basin have revealed indications of oil generation, which are easily established by standard microscopic studies.
These indications include a change in the colour of macerals, a different glow of oil-source components (all from the liptinite group), the appearance of bitumen films, the appearance of post-mature bituminite, the appearance of secondary porosity.
Variability in the composition of hydrocarbon compounds in the Jurassic oil-and-gas-bearing strata of the Kamennaya crest of the Krasnoleninsky arch (Western Siberia)
Authors: Tikhonova Margarita S. , Kalmykov Anton G. , Ivanova Daria A. , Vidishcheva Olesia N. , Khomyachkova Inna O. , Bolshakova Maria A. , Ryazanova Tatiana A. , Sautkin Roman S. , Kalmykov Georgy A.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of hydrocarbon compounds extracted from open pores and blocked by resinous-asphaltene compounds pores in the Tutleim formation rocks (a stratigraphic analogue of the Bazhenov formation) and the underlying Jurassic deposits on the territory of the Kamennaya crest of the Krasnoleninsky arch investigation. The aim of the work was both to study the possible migration of hydrocarbons along the section and area and to assess the variability of the bitumen composition in rocks relative to the structural plan of the area of interest, along the section, as well as unconventional reservoirs. It is shown that the structural features and the assumed additional heating of the rocks lead to variety in the hydrocarbons composition not only in open, but also in blocked pores, both through the area of Tutleim formation distribution and in different intervals of one well. It was established that in the sediments organic matter, which may slightly differ in nature within the formation, can accumulate, and this leads to some differences in the generation, accumulation and migration of hydrocarbon compounds processes. It is shown that the process of migration of hydrocarbons from the underlying sediments also affects the bitumen composition in the rocks of the Tutleim formation.
Predictive assessment of the fluid loss properties of thin-layer reservoirs of Vikulovskaya series based on the results of core and well logs
Authors: Isakova Tatyana G. , Diakonova Tatyana F. , Nosikova Alena D. , Kalmykov Georgy A. , Akinshin Alexander V. , Yatsenko Vladislav M.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to predict the filtration capacity of reservoirs based on core and well logs data at the stage of petrophysical study of rocks before the start of active development of the object.
All the results were obtained from the data of porometric characteristics of rocks on the example of the vikulovskaya series’s deposits of the Krasnoleninsky arch. The patterns of changes in pore sizes and their contribution to the total filtration depending on the lithophysical type of the rock were established on the core plug. A classification of rocks by pore radii is proposed, and a method for assessing the filtration capacity of reservoirs based on well logs data is developed, with the calculation of the share of each layer in the planned perforation interval
Sequence-stratigraphic model of the West Siberia Lower Cretaceous
Authors: Zhemchugova Valentina A. , Rybalchenko Vadim V. , Shardanova Tatiana A.
Published: May 2021

Apparently, conceptual base of the sequence stratigraphy is one of the most acknowledged methodologies in the geological world at the present time for the sedimentary strata structure prediction. It is based on the complex analysis of the seismic, stratigraphic and sedimentary data on the depositional bodies where the structure and facies filling is regulated by the relative sea level changes. The Lower Cretaceous section of the Western Siberia in this regard is the unique object, as it is represented by the full range of the clastic depositional environments – from relatively deep-water to the continental, which are very sensitive to the conditions changes. Sequence-stratigraphic analysis results can be used to complete the pragmatic tasks in the petroleum geology as the analysis is based on the reconstruction of the sedimentogenesis processes in the past, and the understanding of that processes is the key to the generalized depositional model development. This model can be used to create the models, which can be applied to the unique local objects that occur in the Lower Cretaceous section.
Modern approaches to pore space scale digital modeling of core structure and multiphase flow
Authors: Gerke Kirill M. , Korost Dmitry V. , Karsanina Marina V. , Korost Svetlana R. , Vasiliev Roman V. , Lavrukhin Efim V. , Gafurova Dina R.
Published: May 2021

In current review, we consider the Russian and, mainly, international experience of the “digital core» technology, namely – the possibility of creating a numerical models of internal structure of the cores and multiphase flow at pore space scale. Moreover, our paper try to gives an answer on a key question for the industry: if digital core technology really allows effective to solve the problems of the oil and gas field, then why does it still not do this despite the abundance of scientific work in this area? In particular, the analysis presented in the review allows us to clarify the generally skeptical attitude to technology, as well as errors in R&D work that led to such an opinion within the oil and gas companies. In conclusion, we give a brief assessment of the development of technology in the near future.
Geochemical and hydrogeological parameters informativity in oil and gas geology
Authors: Bolshakova Maria A. , Korzun Anna V. , Stoupakova Antonina V. , Sautkin Roman S. , Kalmykov Anton G. , Ablya Enver A. , Krasnova Elizaveta A. , Kharitonova Natalia A. , Tikhonova Margarita S. , Kozlova Elena V. , Sannikova Irina A. , Ryazanova Tatiana A. , Belkin Ivan Yu.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the fundamental possibilities of using the results of geochemical and hydrogeochemical studies of organic matter, oils and waters in oil and gas geology, including for objects at the stage of development. It is shown that complex geochemical studies of oils and waters make it possible to get more correct conclusions about the presence or absence of fluid-dynamic connectivity of different horizons. Studies of organic matter and oils allow (by basin modeling instrument) to understand the contribution of different source rocks to formation of oils of different reservoirs. Hydrogeochemical studies of associated waters and waters used in the reservoir pressure maintenance system in a complex of works not only actively complements the knowledge about the presence or absence of fluid-dynamic connections between reservoirs and production objects, but also make it possible to predict, for example, salt deposition on equipment and in the reservoirs, and therefore allow you to prevent the possibility of unwanted salt deposition. The conclusions are based on the results of comprehensive geological and geochemical studies carried out by the authors for one of the deposits of the Krasnoleninsky arch of Western Siberia, which is at the development stage, as well as on the previous experience of the authors.
Vegetable consumption patterns of urban farmers in community gardens in Emfuleni local municipality, Gauteng province of South Africa
Authors:   University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa, Modibedi TP , Maake MMS ,   University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa, Masekoameng MR ,   University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa, Tekana SS ,   University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa, Oduniyi OS ,   University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa
Published: May 2021

Lack of adequate vegetable consumption may contribute to micronutrient deficiency especially in developing countries where low intake of nutrient-dense animal products is common. Despite growing evidence that vegetable consumption is of great importance, only about 25.6% South Africans consume sufficient vegetables per day. This research was carried out to investigate the vegetable consumption patterns of urban farmers in Emfuleni Local Municipality, South Africa. The objectives were to determine reasons why urban farmers consume vegetables, vegetable intake patterns in a 24-hour recall,and factors influencing vegetable consumption patterns. The study was conducted in six (6)large townships of Emfuleni Local Municipality using a quantitative research approach and survey design. A sample of 254 urban farmers were randomly selected from 30 urban community gardens with a population of 418 farmers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured survey questionnaire. Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Program for the Social Sciences Version 23. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and ordered logistic regression model were explored to analyse the data. The results revealed that 96.1% and 93.3% of farmers in urban community gardens consumed vegetables as a relish and salad,respectively. Vegetables were mostly consumed during dinner because most respondents were physically present in the community gardens during the day. The results of the factors influencing vegetable consumption patterns showed that out of 10 independent variables chosen, only three (age group, level of education,and main source of income)were positive and statistically significant. The study, therefore, recommends that farmers should include vegetables in all three of their daily meals (breakfast, lunch,and dinner). Education in the form of training should be provided to the urban farmers to create awareness in the community about the importance of vegetable gardens and the consumption of vegetables across all age groups.
Seasonal diversity of entomofauna, their impact and management practices in tomato fields in Meru district, Tanzania
Authors:   University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 35060 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Michael Gabriel , Nyomora AMS ,   University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 35060 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Mvungi EF ,   University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 35060 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Sangu EM ,   University of Dar es Salaam, P.O.Box 35060 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Published: May 2021

Tomato is a highly cultivated vegetable in Tanzania. The intensive tomato cultivation and production in Tanzania has resulted in high pests and diseases build-up. A survey to identify and quantify entomofauna diversity in different seasons and pest management practices in Meru District was conducted. In addition, a laboratory experiment was done to assess the effectiveness of commonly used pesticides SnowBecco (Thiamethoxam)and Belt (Flubendiamide) against two dominating insect pests, white flies (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889)) and leaf miner (Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917)), respectively. The results obtained revealed that, tomato fields in Meru District had significantly higher entomofauna build up during dry season than the rainy season (U0.05 (df, 24)= 45, p = 0.0441). More than 70% of all collected entomofauna were dominated by the whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) and tomato leaf miners (Tuta absoluta) belonging to orders Hemiptera and Lepidoptera, respectively. It was also observed that, the common pesticides management practices were the use of pesticidal cocktail, broad spectrum insecticides, use of botanical pesticides, frequent application of pesticide and insecticides over dosage. Moreover, yield reduction due to whiteflies and tomato leaf miners infestation were observed in terms of reduced fruits number per plant (38 and 18.4%), fruit size (22.4 and 14.2%), and fruits weight per plant by 43.6 and 26.2%, for Bemisia tabaci and Tuta absoluta, respectively. The study showed that the recommended doses in both tested insecticides caused significant pest mortality (F0.05 (df, 19) = 4.367, p = 0.0199) and (F0.05(df, 19) = 4.761, p = 0.0147) for B. tabaci and T. absoluta, respectively, within a specified period of time. The results suggest that high insect pest infestations could be caused by factors other than development of insecticidal tolerance including inappropriate identification of insect pests due to lack of training, and inappropriate selection and application of insecticides. Consequently, frequent application of broad spectra insecticides not only increases production expenses but also disrupts agroecosystem by killing beneficial entomofauna and disrupting soil organisms that are susceptible to insecticide toxicity.
Milk handling practices and utilization at dairy farms and collection centers under rural and peri-urban milk value chain systems in Nakuru county, Kenya
Authors:   Egerton University, Kenya, Ndungi Faith , Muliro P ,   Egerton University, Kenya, Faraj A ,   Egerton University, Kenya, Matofari J ,   Egerton University, Kenya
Published: May 2021

There are increasing expectations on the compliance of food products to safety and quality standards due to consumer demand for high-quality food. The aim of this study was to determine the quality tests that are carried out on raw milk and its utilization at three milk collection centers in Olenguruone and Dundori regions of Nakuru as well as some selected dairy farms. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, data were collected from milk collection centers’ staff and farmers. Milk sampling for quality control testing was done at both the cooperative delivery points and farm level. The quality of milk handled and stored in different containers was assessed. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were carried out on the data. Results indicated that the average quantity of milk received at all milk collection centers was about 3687 liters per day. It was noted that most of the milk collection centers’ staff (operators) had certificates or diplomas in dairy science. Their average job experience period in the milk sector was 7 years. Majority of the farmers (90%) and transporters (94%) used plastic containers for milk handling and storage. Farmers who used plastic containers for milking were approximately three times more likely to have their milk rejected compared to those who used mazzi cans, aluminium or stainless-steel containers (p<0.05; Odds ratio =3.20). The alcohol and lactometer tests were carried out on milk received at all collection centers studied. Resazurin test was only carried out in one collection center at Olenguruone that had the required laboratory equipment. Milk quality assessment was not done at the farm level. Traditional fermented milk was the common dairy product produced from evening milk in most dairy farmers’ households. Regular education programs and seminars on milk safety and quality should be provided to both collection centers’ operators and farmers.
COVID-19 SALGINININ HAVACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ ŞİRKET PERFORMANSLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: TÜRK HAVAYOLLARI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SABAN Metin , TRABZON Oğuzhan
Published: May 2021

2019 yılının Aralık ayında Çin’in Wuhan kentinde başlayan Covid-19 salgınının tüm dünyaya yayılması sonucunda dünya genelinde pandemi ilan edilmiştir. Pandemi nedeniyle dünyada çoğu fabrika ve iş yeri kapanmış, hayat durma noktasına gelmiş ve ekonomik olarak çöküntüler ortaya çıkmıştır. Covid-19 salgınından en çok etkilenen sektörlerden biri de havayolu taşımacılığıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 pandemisinin havayolu taşımacılık sektörü ve lojistik finansal ve finansal olmayan performans ölçütleri üzerindeki etkisi tespit etmektir. Bu kapsamda Türk Hava Yolları Anonim Ortaklığı’nın 2019 ve 2020 yıllarına ait akaryakıt maliyet analizi, personel sayısı, trafik sonuçları, filo durumları, varlıkları ve özet gelir tabloları kıyaslama performans ölçütüne göre incelenmiştir. THY A.O.’nun 2019 ve 2020 yıllarına ait finansal olan ve finansal olmayan veriler karşılaştırıldığında elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre finansal olarak 222,53%’lük zarar açıklamasına karşılık personel sayısında emeklilik ve istifa durumları harici personel azalışına gidilmemiş ve çalışanlarına koruma politikası uygulaması yaptığı görülmüştür.
Stability Analysis of HIV/AIDS Model with Educated Subpopulation
Authors: Habibah Ummu
Published: May 2021

We had constructed mathematical model of HIV/AIDS with seven compartments. There were two different stages of infection and susceptible subpopulations. Two stages in infection subpopulation were an HIV-positive with consuming ARV such that this subpopulation can survive longer and an HIV-positive not consuming ARV.  The susceptible subpopulation was divided into two, uneducated and educated susceptible subpopulations.  The transmission coefficients from educated and uneducated subpopulations to infection stages were  where  ((  and ) (  and )) In this paper, we consider the case of  and  were zero.  We investigated local stability of the model solutions according to the basic reproduction number as a threshold of disease transmission. The disease-free and endemic equilibrium points were locally asymptotically stable when  and  respectively. To support the analytical results, numerical simulation was conducted.
Trace of Positive Integer Power of Squared Special Matrix
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Citra Aryati , Aryani Fitri , Marzuki Corry Corazon , Muda Yuslenita
Published: May 2021

The rectangle matrix to be discussed in this research is a special matrix where each entry in each line has the same value which is notated by An. The main aim of this paper is to find the general form of the matrix trace An powered positive integer m. To prove whether the general form of the matrix trace of An powered positive integer can be confirmed, mathematics induction and direct proof are used.
Distance and Areas Weighting of GWR Kriging for Stunting Cases In East Java
Authors: Ardianti Deby , Pramoedyo Henny , Nurjannah Nurjannah
Published: May 2021

Spatial heterogeneity shows the characteristic location from one location to others location and it is the main assumption in Geographically Weighted Regression.  The location becomes a weight on GWR model, There are two groups of location weight namely based on distance and area. The weight considers the closeness between the location. The accuracy weighted is needed because the weighting represents the data location. The aim of this research was to get a suitable weighting method for stunting data. This research used secondary data about stunting and the influence factors of stunting such as coverage visiting of pregnant women (K1), consumption of FE tablet, exclusive of breastfeeding, immunization coverage, and clean health behaviour. Those data obtained from the Healthy Ministry of East Jawa.Based on the results of this research show that the goodness weighting for GWR modell is Adaptive Bisquare Kernel (distance weighting). The predicted mapping stunting is showed by interpolation Kriging with a range of 27%  to 49,5%.
Dynamical of Ratio-Dependent Eco-epidemical Model with Prey Refuge
Authors: Firdiansyah Adin Lazuardy
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the dynamic analysis of three species in the eco-epidemiology model by considering the ratio-dependent function and prey refuge. The prey refuge is applied under the fact that infected prey has protection instincts that allow it to reduce predation risk. Here, we get the boundedness and three equilibrium points where are existence under certain conditions. In the model, three equilibrium points are locally asymptotically stable and one of the equilibrium points is globally asymptotically stable. We find that the system undergoes Hopf bifurcation around the interior equilibrium point by choosing  as a bifurcation parameter. We also find a condition for uniform persistence. Finally, several simulations of numerical are performed not only to illustrate the analytical results but also to illustrate the effect of the prey refuge.
Poverty in Central Java using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines and Bootstrap Aggregating Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines
Authors: Karisma Ria Dhea Layla Nur , Juhari Juhari , A Rosa Ramadani
Published: May 2021

Population poverty is one of the serious problems in Indonesia. The percentage of population poverty used as a means for a statistical instrument to be guidelines to create standard policies and evaluations to reduce poverty. The aims of the research are to determine model population poverty using MARS and Bagging MARS then to understand the most influence variable population poverty of Central Java Province in 2018. The result of this research is the Bagging MARS model showed better accuracy than the MARS model. Since, GCV value in the Bagging MARS model is 0,009798721 and GCV value in the MARS model is 6,985571. The most influential variable poverty population of Central Java Province in 2018 in the MARS model is the percentage of the old school expectation rate (X9). Then, the most influential variable in the Bagging MARS model is the number of diarrhea (X1).
Analysis of The Rosenzweig-MacArthur Predator-Prey Model with Anti-Predator Behavior
Authors: Djakaria Ismail , Gaib Muhammad Bachtiar , Resmawan Resmawan
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the analysis of the Rosenzweig-MacArthur predator-prey model with anti-predator behavior. The analysis is started by determining the equilibrium points, existence, and conditions of the stability. Identifying the type of Hopf bifurcation by using the divergence criterion. It has shown that the model has three equilibrium points, i.e., the extinction of population equilibrium point (E0), the non-predatory equilibrium point (E1), and the co-existence equilibrium point (E2). The existence and stability of each equilibrium point can be shown by satisfying several conditions of parameters. The divergence criterion indicates the existence of the supercritical Hopf-bifurcation around the equilibrium point E2. Finally, our model's dynamics population is confirmed by our numerical simulations by using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta methods.
Strongly Summable Vector-Valued Sequence Spaces Defined by 2-modular
Authors: Nurnugroho Burhanudin Arif , Prasetyo Puguh Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Summability is an important concept in sequence spaces. One summability concept is strongly Cesaro summable. In this paper, we study a subset of the set of all vector-valued sequence in 2-modular space. Some facts that we investigated in this paper include linearity, the existence of modular and completeness with respect to these modular.
Modeling Plant Stems Using the Deterministic Lindenmayer System
Authors: Juhari Juhari , Alghar Muhammad Zia
Published: May 2021

Plant morphology modeling can be done mathematically which includes roots, stems, leaves, to flower. Modeling of plant stems using the Lindenmayer System (L-system) method is a writing returns that are repeated to form a visualization of an object. Deterministic L-system method is carried out by predicting the possible shape of a plant stem using its iterative writing rules based on the original object photo. The purpose of this study is to find a model of the plant stem with Deterministic Lindenmayer System method which will later be divided into two dimensional space three. The research was conducted by identifying objects in the form of pine tree trunks measured by the angle, thickness, and length of the stem. Then a deterministic and parametric model is built with L-system components . The stage is continued by visualizing the model in two dimensions and three dimensions. The result of this research is a visualization of a plant stem model that is close to the original. Addition color, thickness of the stem, as well as the parametric writing is done to get the results resembles the original. The iteration is limited to less than 20 iterations so that the simulation runs optimal.
Regularized Ordinal Regression with Elastic Net Approach (Case Study: Poverty Modeling in Yogyakarta Province 2018)
Authors: Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson , Andriyana Yudhie , Tantular Bertho
Published: May 2021

Generally, modeling poverty aims to obtain the best criteria for assessing poverty status. There are two approaches to model the factors that affect poverty, namely consumption approach and discrete choice model. The advantage of the discrete choice model compared to the consumption approach is that the discrete choice model provides a probabilistic estimate for classifying samples into different poverty categories. This study aims to examined how the factors that affect poverty in Yogyakarta through Regularized Ordinal Regression with elastic net approach both for parallel, non-parallel, and semi-parallel models. The data used in this study is Susenas March 2018 for Yogyakarta provinces. The result of this study shows that the best discrete choice model for Yogyakarta’s modelling is the parallel model. Households that live in villages, have a large number of household members, are headed by women, have elderly household heads, have low education, and work in the primary sector tend to be more vulnerable to poverty. Therefore, a simultaneous policy with inclusive economic development is needed to reduce cross-border, cross-gender, and cross-sector inequality
Optimizing the Membership Degree of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Fuzzy Clustering Means (FCM) in Weather Data Using Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Rahmalia Dinita
Published: May 2021

In weather clustering, there are many variables which can be observed such as air temperature, humidity, sunlight intensity, and so on. In this research, Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) will be used for forecasting the sunlight intensity based on temperature and humidity and Fuzzy Clustering Means (FCM) will be used for clustering them based on fuzzy set. From the data consisting of temperature, humidity, and sunlight intensity, we will forecast sunlight intensity and cluster them into two clusters, three clusters, and four clusters by FCM method. In FIS method, the membership degree are often generated by trial and error. Also, the optimization of the initial of membership degree are required in FCM. Because the initial of membership degree are often generated by trial and error, in this research, we use heuristic method like Firefly Algorithm to optimize the membership degree. From the simulations, Firefly Algorithm can optimize the membership degree of FIS for forecasting the data with minimum Mean Square Error (MSE) and the initial of membership degree of FCM with two clusters, three clusters, and four clusters with minimum objective value.
Movimentos sociais, controle social repressivo e criminalização no Rio de Janeiro / Social movements, repressive social control and criminalization in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Sanches Taísa , Almeida Brena , Paiva Angela
Published: May 2021

A criminalização dos movimentos sociais no Brasil tem sido acirrada nos últimos anos, marcados pela adoção de um modelo de controle social repressivo direcionado às populações faveladas. Este artigo propõe que dita criminalização se remete especificamente aos símbolos e identidades relacionados à população pobre, notadamente na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A partir da categoria “urbanismo subalterno” proposta por Ananya Roy, explora-se como os movimentos sociais favelados operaram transformações em seu repertório de ação, de forma a contestar dita criminalização. Apresentamos resultados e interpretações derivadas de pesquisas, realizadas entre 2013 e 2020, que acompanharam movimentos de mães e familiares de vítimas de violência estatal e movimentos em luta por moradia. AbstractThe criminalization of social movements in Brazil has been rampant in recent years, marked by the adoption of a model of repressive social control directed at favela’s populations. This article proposes that this criminalization targets specifically symbols and identities related to the poor population, notably in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Based on the category “subaltern urbanism” proposed by Ananya Roy, we explored how the favela’s social movements transformed their repertoire of action in order to contest this criminalization. We present results and interpretations derived from research carried out between 2013 and 2020, which followed movements of mothers and family members of victims of state violence, as well as movements in the struggle for housing.
Ativismo, instituição e repertório autonomista: uma etnografia sobre coletivos políticos / Activism, institution, and autonomist repertoire: An ethnography of political collectives
Authors: De Faria Flavia
Published: May 2021

A forma de mobilização chamada “coletivos” é uma chave fundamental para a compreensão da maneira como se constituem os ativismos contemporâneos no Brasil e da crítica que atribuem às instituições. Este artigo pretende, em um primeiro momento, discutir aspectos do repertório de ação autonomista que, atualizados e acentuados durante as jornadas de junho de 2013, representam um marco importante para os ativismos posteriores. Em seguida, a partir da descrição etnográfica de algumas práticas e atividades de dois coletivos políticos, mostrar que a busca de metodologias de horizontalidade e autogestão assim como a autonomia e a crítica antissistema são parte desse repertório e fundamentam sua existência, seu funcionamento e sua reivindicação.AbstractCollectives constitute a form of mobilization that is fundamental for understanding how contemporary activisms have been built in Brazil as well as the criticism they attribute to institutions. This article intends, at first, to discuss aspects of the repertoire of autonomist action that, updated and accentuated during the June 2013 demonstrations, represent an important reference for later activisms. Then, based on an ethnographic description of some practices and activities of two political collectives, to show that the search for methodologies of horizontality and self-management as well as autonomy and anti-system criticism are part of this repertoire, which underlie its existence, its functioning and its claim.
Banking Sector of Baltic Countries
Authors: Olenchenko V.
Published: June 2021

The author states that Baltic banking sector is notable for its heterogeneity. Under conditions of global financial and economic crisis of 2008–2010 and the problems in the Eurozone this became a factor that is aggravating the crisis processes. In particular, a conclusion is drawn that the situation in Baltic banking sector developed and continues to develop under two scenarios. One is realized by the capital from Nordic countries which dominates in the Baltic region. Other participants of banking sector adhere to another one. Scenarios differ by the objects in view and means used. Generally, a tendency of stagnation of Baltic bank sector’s activity is marked.
Imaginary «Earthquake»
Authors: Kandel’ P.
Published: June 2021

The Serbian Progressive Party leader Tomislav Nikolic was recently elected as the President of Serbia. This person has a questionable fame of a “nationalist”. So, a large part of Western and Serbian press initially considered his election was as almost like an “earthquake” promising sensational developments in foreign and domestic policy of the country. What actually happened, what is a genuine political profile of the new head of state and what changes should be expected in Belgrade's policies? An attempt to answer these questions is the main objective of the proposed article.
Backhousia citriodora F. Muell. (Lemon Myrtle), an Unrivaled Source of Citral
Authors: Southwell Ian
Published: June 2021

Lemon oils are amongst the highest volume and most frequently traded of the flavour and fragrance essential oils. Citronellal and citral are considered the key components responsible for the lemon note with citral (neral + geranial) preferred. Of the myriad of sources of citral, the Australian myrtaceous tree, Backhousia citriodora, is considered superior. This review examines the history, natural occurrence, the cultivation, the taxonomy, the chemistry, the biological activity, the toxicology, standardisation and the commercialisation of Backhousia citriodora especially in relation to its essential oil.
The Carnot Cycle, Reversibility and Entropy
Authors: Sands David
Published: June 2021

The Carnot cycle and the attendant notions of reversibility and entropy are examined. It is shown how the modern view of these concepts still correspond to the ideas Clausius laid down in the nineteenth century. As such, they reflect the outmoded idea current at the time that heat is motion. It is shown how this view of heat led Clausius to develop the entropy of a body based on the work that could be done in a reversible process rather than the work that was actually done. In consequence, Clausius built into entropy a conflict with energy conservation, which is concerned with actual changes in energy. In this paper, a macroscopic formulation of internal mechanisms of damping based on rate equations for the distribution of energy within a gas. It is shown that work processes involving a step-change in external pressure, however small, are intrinsically irreversible. However, under idealised conditions of zero damping the gas inside a piston expands and traces out a trajectory through the space of equilibrium states. Therefore, the entropy change due to heat flow from the reservoir matches the entropy change of the equilibrium states. This trajectory can traced out in reverse as the piston reverses direction, but if the external conditions are adjusted appro-priately, the gas can be made to trace out a Carnot cycle in P-V space. The cycle is dynamic as opposed to quasi-static as the piston has kinetic energy equal in difference to the work done in-ternally and externally.
Near Miss Archive: a Challenge to Share Knowledge Among Inspectors and Improve Seveso Inspections
Authors: Ansaldi Silvia Maria , Agnello Patrizia , Pirone Annalisa , Vallerotonda Maria Rosaria
Published: June 2021

In European Seveso Legislation for the control of the hazard of major accidents (Directive 2015/12/UE), the Safety Management System SMS is an essential obligation for managers and the authorities are required to periodically verify its adequateness through periodical inspections at Seveso sites. One of the pillars of the SMS is the collection and analysis of documents on accidents, near misses and possibly anomalies, in order to identify weaknesses and implement continuous improvement. In Italy, for a few years, the documents, gathered from all Italian Seveso sites by the inspectors, have been archived and used for research purposes. The archive currently contains some 4000 reports, collected in five years by some 100 inspectors throughout Italy. The paper discusses in the detail the challenges faced to extract the knowledge hidden in the documents and make it usable through the design of a robust model. For this aim, Machine Learning techniques have been used as a preprocessing of the reports for extracting the concepts and their relations, organized into an entity-relation model. The effectiveness of this methodology and its potentiality are pointed out by investigating a few hot topics, exploiting the information contained in the repository.
Spain and the European Green Energy Deal: A Case Study of the Patterns of Action That Are Both Enabled and Constrained by the Evolution of European and Spanish Legislation
Authors: Magariño Sergio García , Martin Unai Belintxon
Published: June 2021

The paper will examine in detail (a) the norms that can be featured under the category "Green Deal" connected to the European Commission, (b) their application to Spain and (c) the different patterns of action and development models that have been shaped by this framework over the last 20 years. These patterns are particularly relevant currently, as the Covid crisis has highlighted the importance of advancing towards new patterns of local sustainability endowed with higher resilience. The notion of cognitive sustainability will be one of the added value to current reflections on sustainability in general and energetic sustainability in particular.
Discrete Element Modelling of Pit Crater Formation on Mars
Authors: Hardy Stuart
Published: June 2021

Pit craters, and pit crater chains, are now recognised as being an important part of the surface morphology and structure of many planetary bodies, and are particularly remarkable on Mars. Pit craters do not possess the elevated rims, ejecta deposits, or other features that are typically associated with impact craters. They are thought to arise from the drainage/collapse of a relatively weak surficial material into an open (or widening) void in a much stronger material below. The creation of such voids has been suggested to be due to extensional fracturing/dilational faulting, shallow dike intrusion, lava tube collapse amongst other hypotheses. These craters have a very distinctive expression, often presenting funnel, cone, or bowl-shaped geometries. Analogue models of pit crater formation provide a map-view picture of their initiation and evolution but give little insight into their internal structure or geometry, but produce pits that typically have steep, nearly conical cross sections. Numerical modelling studies of their formation have been limited and have produced some quite interesting, but nonetheless puzzling, results whereby the simulated pit craters had generally convex (steepening downward) slope profiles with no distinct rim; quite unlike many of those observed on Earth or on Mars. To address these issues, I present here a high-resolution, 2D discrete element model of weak cover (regolith) collapse into either a static or a widening underlying void. I use frictional and frictional-cohesive discrete elements to represent a range of probable cover rheologies. Under Martian gravitational conditions, frictional-cohesive and frictional materials produce cone, bowl and scoop-shaped pit craters. For a given cover thickness, the specific crater shape depends on the amount of underlying void space created for drainage. When void space is small relative to cover thickness, craters have bowl or scoop-shaped geometries. In contrast, when void space is large relative to cover thickness, craters have cone-shaped geometries with essentially planar (nearing angle of repose) slope profiles. Frictional-cohesive materials exhibit more distinct rims than simple frictional materials and thus may reveal some stratigraphic layering on the pit crater walls. In the limit, when drainage from the overlying cover is insufficient to fill the underlying void, ´skylights´ into the deeper structure are created. Implications of these results for the interpretation of pit craters on Earth, Mars, other planets and moons are discussed.
The Effect of Land Use on the Richness and Composition of Species and Trophic Guilds of Bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in the Urban Area of Altamira – PA
Authors: Correia Leticia Lima
Published: June 2021

Bats play important ecosystem roles. Anthropogenic activities cause the decrease and loss of biological diversity and, consequently, the loss of these ecosystem services. One way of measuring local habitat conditions and relating the landscape to biodiversity. Our objective is to investigate how the bat community is influenced by this change in the landscape. Collections were carried out at five points and 76 individuals of 12 species are sampled. Although the points present a high variation in relation to land use, we did not observe any correlation between species richness and guilds with land use. However, the difference in the composition of the guilds is related to the variation in land use, in which 74% of the variation in the abundance of guilds is related to the different patterns of land use. At SENAI, even though it was the place with the greatest anthropic impact, it was the one with the greatest abundance of species, while the points Module two and Sítio Jaburu had the greatest abundance of guilds. This result corroborates the idea that ecosystem services are dependent on habitat maintenance, since the greater the heterogeneity the greater the difference in the composition of the trophic guilds.