bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of novel synthetic promoters to tune gene expression in T cells
Authors: Bonfá Giuliano , Martino Giovanna , Sellitto Assunta , Rinaldi Antonio , Tedeschi Fabiana , Caliendo Fabio , Melchiorri Loris , Perna Daniela , Starkey Freddie , Nikolados Evangelos , Menolascina Filippo , Siciliano Velia
Published: January 2025

Transcriptional control of transgene expression can be linked to dynamic changes in cellular states if this is accompanied by differential expression of transcription factors (TFs). Synthetic promoters (SPs) designed to respond to the desired TFs can provide this regulation with compactness, specificity, and orthogonality. T cells display differentially expressed TFs according to the functional state. In solid tumors, the highly immunosuppressive TME and the chronic exposure to antigens lead to a progression of T cells from a functional to a dysfunctional state known as exhaustion (Tex), in which their power against cancer cells is strongly compromised. Importantly, this transition is accompanied by a marked increase of several TFs, among other factors, that drive targeted genetic programs. Strategies to detect and mitigate Tex are extremely needed. Here, we design SPs that respond to TFs differentially expressed in activated and exhausted T cells to enable new classifiers of the functional/dysfunctional states. We developed a library of over 80 SPs responsive to 7 TFs. The SPs showed broad strength of activation of reporter genes or immunomodulatory molecules in HEK293 and Jurkat T cell lines. Moreover, using a transfer learning strategy we show SPs strength predictability. By combining SPs responding to different TFs, we created Boolean logic gates and implemented a feed-forward design that was previously shown to reduce noise in the OFF-state. Finally, as proof of principle, we demonstrate the dynamic activation of the NR4A2-responsive SP according to the T cell state in primary human CD8+ T cells. Collectively we present a sensing platform that provides a versatile tool to study and monitor the dynamic changes occurring in T cells. In perspective the biosensors coupled to therapeutic genes can be used to reprogram the TME and reinvigorate the T cell anti-tumoral functionality, preventing or reverting the exhausted phenotype.

Graphical Abstract

Created withBioRender.com.
Dipeptidase 1 is a functional receptor for coronavirus PHEV
Authors: Dufloo Jérémy , Fernández Ignacio , Arbabian Atousa , Haouz Ahmed , Gimenez-Lirola Luis G. , Rey Félix A. , Sanjuán Rafael
Published: January 2025

Coronaviruses of the subgenusEmbecovirusinclude several relevant pathogens such as the human seasonal coronaviruses HKU1 and OC43, bovine coronavirus, and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), among others. While sialic acid is thought to be required for embecovirus entry, protein receptors are unknown in most cases. Here we show that PHEV does not require sialic acid for entry and uses dipeptidase 1 (DPEP1) as a receptor. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that PHEV, unlike other embecoviruses, samples open and closed conformations of its spike trimer at steady state. We found that the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the PHEV spike shares no detectable sequence homology or receptor usage with those of closely related viruses. In contrast, the X-ray structure of the RBD/DPEP1 complex showed that the elements involved in receptor binding are conserved across embecoviruses, revealing a striking versatility of the RBD to accommodate highly variable sequences that confer novel receptor specificities.
Foxi2 and Sox3 are master regulators controlling ectoderm germ layer specification
Authors: Hendrickson Clark L. , Blitz Ira L. , Hussein Amina , Paraiso Kitt D. , Cho Jin , Klymkowsky Michael W. , Kofron Matthew J. , Cho Ken W.Y.
Published: January 2025

In vertebrates, germ layer specification represents a critical transition where pluripotent cells acquire lineage-specific identities. We identify the maternal transcription factors Foxi2 and Sox3 to be pivotal master regulators of ectodermal germ layer specification inXenopus. Ectopic co-expression of Foxi2 and Sox3 in prospective endodermal tissue induces the expression of ectodermal markers while suppressing mesendodermal markers. Transcriptomics analyses reveal that Foxi2 and Sox3 jointly and independently regulate hundreds of ectodermal target genes. During early cleavage stages, Foxi2 and Sox3 pre-bind to key cis-regulatory modules (CRMs), marking sites that later recruit Ep300 and facilitate H3K27ac deposition, thereby shaping the epigenetic landscape of the ectodermal genome. These CRMs are highly enriched within ectoderm-specific super-enhancers (SEs). Our findings highlight the pivotal role of ectodermal SE-associated CRMs in precise and robust ectodermal gene activation, establishing Foxi2 and Sox3 as central architects of ectodermal lineage specification.

Highlights

Foxi2 and Sox3 are master regulators for the ectodermal germ layer and sub-lineages

Five ectodermal cell states of early gastrulae are regulated by Foxi2 and Sox3

Foxi2 and Sox3 binding sites in the genome are enriched in ectoderm super-enhancers

SE-associated genes show high expression levels, low noise, stabilizing ectodermal regulation
Serotonin inhibits sexual receptivity in female cichlid fish
Authors: Lee Paige , Joyce Domino
Published: January 2025

Serotonin is involved in multiple diverse and complex biological processes. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often used to test this, and fluoxetine, a commonly detected SSRI in aquatic ecosystems from pharmaceutical pollution, has been found to disrupt important behaviours and functions in organisms exposed to the antidepressant. Increased serotonin generally has an inhibitory effect on sexual behaviour and decreased serotonin has a facilitatory effect, however in the few existing studies on fish, either no effect or the opposite effect have been reported in females, with most studies focusing on male behaviour. The present research aims to examine the role of the serotonin pathway in female sexual receptivity in the cichlid fishNyassachromiscf.microcephalus. The sexual dimorphism and lekking system of this species, where male-male competition is aggressive and female choice is important, make them an important and interesting evolutionary system. Serotonin levels were modulated using fluoxetine and after a three-week exposure to their respective treatments (control - 0µg/L, low ecologically relevant dose - 0.54µg/L, high dose - 5.4µg/L), female sexual receptivity to male courtship was measured in a simulated lek mating arena where multiple males were presented simultaneously. Sexual receptivity was inhibited in females exposed to a high dose of fluoxetine. This behaviour change due to a disruption of the serotonin pathway could affect sexual selection in the long term, and in the short term highlights the potential for pollution to affect aquatic life by directly altering mating behaviour.

Highlights

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Disrupting the serotonin pathway reduces sexual receptivity in female cichlid fish

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The inhibitory effect of fluoxetine on female receptivity is dose-dependent

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The serotonin pathway could be important in the evolution of male mating strategies

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SSRI pollution could cause behaviour changes that amplify freshwater biodiversity loss
Context-dependent translation inhibition as a novel oncology therapeutic modality
Authors: Diamond Paige D. , Sauer Paul V. , Holm Mikael , Swanson-Swett Canessa J. , Ferguson Lucas , Bratset Natalie M. , Wienker Grant W. , Sim Justin Seiwert , Adams Hailey K. , Kenner Lillian , Meyers Margot , Gygi David , Könst Zef A. , Bahmanyar Sogole Sami , Hamann Lawrence G. , Schuller Anthony P.
Published: January 2025

Inhibitors of protein synthesis, including anisomycin, homoharringtonine, and other natural products bind in the peptidyl-transferase center (PTC) of the eukaryotic ribosome to inhibit translation. Recent work has demonstrated that some PTC-binding antibiotics act in a sequence-selective manner, inhibiting translation elongation at specific amino acids while the polypeptide is engaged in the PTC. However, this phenomenon has yet to be documented for compounds that inhibit translation by the human ribosome. Here we use structure-based design to guide synthesis of molecules called interdictors that bind to the human ribosome PTC and act in a context-selective manner to inhibit translation elongation. Using ribosome profiling, in combination within vitrobiochemistry and cryo-electron microscopy, we characterize the context selectivity of unique analogues and observe their preferred interactions with nascent chain residues with complementary properties. Furthermore, we present a structure for an interdictor bound to a portion of the MYC protein at ∼ 1.9 Å resolution and identify resulting structural rearrangements in both the nascent chain and ribosomal RNA. In cells, we document how these compounds differentially impact the ribotoxic stress response pathway which monitors ribosome collisions and can trigger apoptosis. Finally, we confirm their tumor growth inhibition activity after oral dosing in cell line derived xenografts in mice using the MDA-MB-231 model for triple-negative breast cancer. Together, our data establish sequence-selective inhibition of translation as a novel small-molecule therapeutic modality for historically difficult to address cancers by targeting translation of oncogenic dependency factors in the human ribosome PTC.
A comparative evaluation of CRISPR-Cas9 allele editing systems inCandida auris: challenging research in a challenging bug
Authors: Sofras Dimitrios , Carolus Hans , Subotić Ana , Romero Celia Lobo , Ennis Craig L. , Hernday Aaron D. , Nobile Clarissa J. , Rybak Jeffrey M. , Van Dijck Patrick
Published: January 2025

Candida aurisis an emergent fungal pathogen of significant interest for molecular research because of its unique nosocomial persistence, high stress tolerance and common multidrug resistance. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of these or other phenotypes, a handful of CRISPR-Cas9 based allele editing tools have been optimized forC. auris. Nonetheless, allele editing in this species remains a significant challenge, and different systems have different advantages and disadvantages. In this work, we compare four systems to introduce the genetic elements necessary for the production of Cas9 and the guide RNA molecule in the genome ofC. auris,replacing theENO1,LEU2andHIS1loci respectively, while the fourth system makes use of an episomal plasmid. We observed that the editing efficiency of all four systems was significantly different and strain dependent. Alarmingly, we did not detect correct integration of linear CRISPR cassette constructs in integration-based systems, in over 4,900 screened transformants. Still, all transformants, whether correctly edited or not, grew on selective nourseothricin media, suggesting common random ectopic integration of the CRISPR cassette. Although the plasmid-based system showed a low transformation success compared to the other systems, it has the highest editing efficiency with 41.9% correct transformants on average. In an attempt to improve editing efficiencies of integration-based systems by silencing the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway, we deleted two main NHEJ factors,KU70andLIG4. However, no improved editing or targeting efficiencies were detected inku7011, lig411,orku7011/lig411backgrounds. Our research highlights important challenges in precise genome editing ofC. aurisand sheds light on the advantages and limitations of several methods with the aim to guide scientists in selecting the most appropriate tool for molecular work in this enigmatic fungal pathogen.

Author summary

Candida aurisis a rapidly emerging fungal pathogen that poses serious challenges to global healthcare. Understanding the genetic mechanisms that underlie its nosocomial persistence, virulence, multidrug resistance and other traits is essential for developing new treatments and preventing the spread and burden ofC. aurisinfections. However, precise genetic manipulation inC. aurishas proven difficult due to inefficient genome editing tools. This study compares four different CRISPR-based allele editing systems inC. auris, identifying their strengths and limitations. The findings provide crucial insights into selecting the best tools for genetic research inC. auris, guiding future efforts to combat this formidable pathogen.
A switch in the mode of tissue growth extends the growth phase ofDrosophilawing primordia during early pupal development
Authors: El Marzkioui Khaoula , Gaugué Isabelle , De Giorgio Ettore , Léopold Pierre , Boulan Laura
Published: January 2025

Understanding how final organ size is established during development raises two key questions: how organs increase their mass and how they stop growing upon reaching an appropriate size. While organ growth is driven by conserved signaling pathways, the mechanisms underlying growth arrest remain elusive. Studies onDrosophilaimaginal wing discs have provided a model whereby final organ size coincides with an arrest of cell proliferation at the end of the larval phase. Here, through 3D reconstruction and volume measurements, we show that wing discs grow continuously throughout the larva-to-pupa (L/P) transition and proceed to growth arrest later during the pupal period. This supplemental growth phase involves a switch at the L/P transition that uncouples proliferation from tissue growth, with an important contribution from Insulin/IGF signaling. These findings challenge the existing model of imaginal wing development and open new avenues for our understanding of growth arrest and organ size determination.
Clinical outcomes of Lassa fever in West Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Okwuraiwe Azuka Patrick , Onyeaghala Chizaram Anselm , Ozoude Obiageli Theresa , Suleiman Muritala Odidi , Abdu-Aguye Samirah Nndwan , Ezekwelu Nkolika Jacinta , Oyeniyi Tolulope Amos , Jegede Ayodapo Oluwadare , Egwudo Adaeze Elfrida , Okeke Oluchukwu Perpetua , Abodunrin Olunuke Rebecca , Akinsolu Folahanmi Tomiwa , Sobande Olajide Odunayo
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic fever that poses a substantial public health security threat in West Africa. Due to its non-specific clinical manifestations and the absence of a reliable point-of-care test, diagnosis could be delayed, leading to severe complications and mortality during epidemics. This systematic review aimed to determine the clinical outcomes of LF in West Africa.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analyses were performed by conducting an extensive online search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Google Scholar (PROSPERO protocol CRD42024587426). Only articles written in English were included in publications from 2014 to 2024. The analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. The mortality rate of LF was pooled using a random effects model.

Results

We included 19 studies that contained data from 4177 patients hospitalized with LF of any age. Most of the studies were of retrospective cohort (16/19; 84.2%) study design and were predominantly conducted in Nigeria (16/19; 84.2%). The mortality rate was highest in a Sierra Leonean study (63.0%), whereas group-based analysis among the Nigerian studies identified Owo as having the highest mortality rate of 13% (95% CI: 06-23; I2=98%). The pooled LF mortality rate was 19% (95% confidence interval [CI]:10-32). The most common complications of LF are acute kidney injury (AKI) at a pooled proportion of 19% (95% CI; 13-26; I2=89%)), followed by abnormal bleeding at a pooled proportion of 17% (95% CI; 9-30; I2=98%), and CNS manifestations at a pooled proportion of 15% (95% CI; 6-32; I2=98%)).

Conclusion

With one out of every five hospitalized Lassa Fever patients likely to die in West Africa, accelerating the development of rapid diagnostic tests, licensed vaccines, and novel therapeutics is crucial. Strengthening community engagement, risk communication, and healthcare worker training will enhance early diagnosis and effective case management thereby reducing mortality and severe complications.
Assessing mosquito dynamics and dengue transmission in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil through an enhanced temperature-dependent mathematical model
Authors: Rauh C. S. , Araujo E. C. , Ganem F. , Lana R. M. , Leandro A. S. , Martins C. A. , Coelho F. C. , Codeço C. T. , Bastos L. S. , Pinho S. T. R.
Published: January 2025

Dengue fever is a public health concern that demands efforts to mitigate its impact. We aim to investigate the influence of key parameters temperature-dependent on dengue transmission dynamics in Foz do Iguaçu, a triple border municipality in south Brazil, applying a mathematical model composed by systems of ordinary differential equations. Adjusted model simulation is consistent with the observed data. The effective reproduction number was calculated for detecting changes in dengue transmission over time and to timely detect the beginning of epidemics. Additionally, we explore the potential effects of climate variability on dengue dynamics. Our findings show the importance of vector population dynamics, climate and incidence, contributing to a deeper understanding of dengue transmission dynamics in Foz do Iguaçu and providing a foundation for optimizing intervention strategies, also, in other cities, enhancing our ability to predict and manage dengue outbreaks and supporting public health efforts to control measures.
Can baby universe absorption explain dark energy?
Authors: Muralidharan Varun , Cline James M.
Published: January 2025

It has been proposed that the accelerated expansion of the Universe can be explained by the merging of our Universe with baby universes, resulting in dark energy with a phantomlike equation of state. However, the evidence in favor of it did not include the full set of cosmological observables. Here we examine the implications of this model for both early and late universe cosmology using data from Planck collaboration, DESI 2024 and other experiments. We find that the pure baby universe model gives a poor fit to current data. Extending it to include a contribution from the cosmological constant, we find two allowed regions of parameter space: one close to ΛCDM, and another with Λ<0 plus the exotic dark energy component. The two regions can be significantly favored over ΛCDM, depending on the choice of supernova datasets, and they can ameliorate the Hubble tension to the level of 2σ, depending on the supernova dataset. The model with Λ<0 features an equation of state w(a) with a pole singularity at early times.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Theoretical implications for a new measurement of
KL→π0ℓℓ¯
Authors: D’Ambrosio G. , Iyer A. M. , Mahmoudi F. , Neshatpour S.
Published: January 2025

Kaon physics is at an important experimental juncture with respect to the ongoing measurements of several observables. This work will build on the existing status by formulating different phenomenological analyses corresponding to different paths that may lie ahead. Beginning with the golden channels, K+→π+νν¯ and KL→π0νν¯, the paper will eventually cast the spotlight on the importance of a precise measurement of BR(KL→π0ℓℓ¯). The phenomenological analyses involve sequentially adding kaon physics observables at the projected final precision of their respective measurements to the global fit. More specifically, we consider three different scenarios with different sets of observables assumed at their final precisions. Beginning with BR(K+→π+νν¯) and BR(KL→π0νν¯), we sequentially add BR(KL→π0ee¯) and BR(KL→π0μμ¯) to the global fit. The evolution of the result from one scenario to the next makes a strong case for the consideration of future measurement of BR(KL→π0ℓℓ¯).

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Unbiasing fermionic auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo with matrix product state trial wavefunctions
Authors: Jiang Tong , O'Gorman Bryan , Mahajan Ankit , Lee Joonho
Published: January 2025

In this work, we report, for the first time, an implementation of fermionic auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) using matrix product state (MPS) trial wavefunctions, dubbed MPS-AFQMC. Calculating overlaps between an MPS trial and arbitrary Slater determinants up to a multiplicative error, a crucial subroutine in MPS-AFQMC, is proven to be #P-hard. Nonetheless, we tested several promising heuristics in successfully improving fermionic phaseless AFQMC energies. We also proposed a way to evaluate local energy and force bias evaluations free of matrix product operators. This allows for larger basis set calculations without significant overhead. We showcase the utility of our approach on one- and two-dimensional hydrogen lattices, even when the MPS trial itself struggles to obtain high accuracy. Our work offers a new set of tools that can solve currently challenging electronic structure problems with future improvements.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Benchmarking the best practices of Lean Six Sigma in aerospace industry in India: a longitudinal multiple case analysis and roadmap for deployment
Authors: Bhat Shreeranga , Gijo E V , Bhat Vinayambika S
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This article intends to comprehend the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) approach adopted in the aerospace industry in India for process improvement. This research has the objective of determining LSS deliverables such as Voice of Customer (VOC), Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Critical-to-Quality (CTQ), project approach, deployment strategies and tools and techniques used to execute the project.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopted an exploratory research methodology and a multiple case study analysis to draw robust inferences. The research is carried out in the Indian aerospace industry and analyses five case studies. The case studies were collated from the company via a case study protocol with pre-defined criteria. Also, a semi-structured interview is conducted with the stakeholders of each case study to determine the deployment strategies followed during the respective projects.

Findings

It is reconfirmed that LSS is crucial in the aerospace industry, particularly in engine and gear shops, to reduce rework and rejections. Also, it was found that cost and time savings are essential KPIs. Some LSS projects require multiple CTQs for process improvement in aero industries. The DMAIC approach is used for project execution, with the Design of Experiment (DOE) being an essential tool. Top management engagement, effective HRM practices, customer focus, cross-functional collaboration and clear roles are essential for successful LSS projects. Eventually, a road map was developed based on the analysis of multiple case studies.

Research limitations/implications

The study is focused on the aerospace industry in India, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other industries or regions. The small sample size and reliance on qualitative data through semi-structured interviews may introduce subjectivity. Additionally, the long-term effects of LSS implementation, particularly in the context of evolving technologies, were not fully explored.

Practical implications

This study provides actionable insights for aerospace companies and related organisations to enhance quality and operational performance. The developed roadmap offers a practical guide for LSS deployment, helping organisations improve efficiency and competitiveness, especially in an era of economic slowdown and high competition.

Originality/value

The study reveals similarities and differences in LSS deliverables in Indian aerospace industries, creating a roadmap and tool matrix for project execution and serving as a template for manufacturing industries.
Harnessing innovation and data: how do digital M&As fuel new quality productive forces
Authors: Xu Jinhua , Zhang Jiaye , Li Xiaoxia
Published: January 2025

Purpose

New quality productive forces (NQPF) are critical for high-quality economic development. As digital mergers and acquisitions (M&As) gain prominence in corporate digital transformation, understanding their impact on NQPF is essential. This study explores whether digital M&As enhance NQPF in firms and identifies key mechanisms that drive this effect.

Design/methodology/approach

This study investigates the impact of corporate digital M&As on NQPF using a multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) methodology. Analyzing a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2021, the study explores how digital M&As contribute to NQPF, identifying firm innovation and data assets as key mechanisms. It also examines how external factors, such as industrial structure, urban human capital and economic policy uncertainty, moderate the effect of digital M&As on NQPF.

Findings

The study reveals three key findings: (1) Digital M&As significantly enhance corporate NQPF; (2) innovation and data assets serve as key mechanisms through which digital M&As drive NQPF and (3) external factors, including industrial structure, urban human capital and economic policy uncertainty, amplify the positive effects of digital M&As on NQPF.

Practical implications

Firms should leverage digital M&As as a strategic tool for improving NQPF, focusing on innovation and data assets. Policymakers can support this transformation by fostering an environment that enhances the positive impact of digital M&As on economic development.

Originality/value

This paper introduces a novel NQPF index, offering a comprehensive measurement of the concept. It provides new insights into how digital M&As affect NQPF, filling a gap in the literature on digital transformation and offering actionable recommendations for firms and policymakers.
Facebook’s investment in Jio Platform, India: the big deal
Authors: Aggarwal Shalini , Pahuja Anurag , Jha Suchita , Sethi Madhvi
Published: January 2025

Learning outcomes

After completion of the case study, the students will be able to analyze the overall competitive environment for telecom sector in India with the use of Herfindahl–Hirschman index tool, execute the fundamental analysis of Jio Platforms Limited (JPL) company, understand the concept of net neutrality and its implications for India market, understand the concept of “Zero debt company” and its implication for companies and understand data privacy concerns.

Case overview/synopsis

In early September of 2020, Ashish Aggarwal, a businessman in the northern state of Punjab, India with his usual habit of turning the pages of newspaper on hand and sipping morning chai got excited while reading newspaper with recent investment of Meta Platforms via Facebook buying 9.99% stake in reliance JPL. He explored and saw the potential for small businesses to invest in this and earn money, as a finance-inclined individual Aggarwal thought why not invest and earn from this opportunity. So he started googling and saw all the reviews of analysts on investment site and investors predicted that the deal could be a game changer that would further transform the existing telecom and social media platforms in India. The deal would further open doors for a new market “JioMart” which could be a futuristic design for a “one-stop-shop for e-commerce, social media consumption, instant messaging, and also digital payments”. Mukesh Ambani’s intentions to make the company zero net debt company within next 18 months fascinated him too. All this made Aggarwal interested in investing in JPL on behalf of his company as this investment option was only for business investors. So he called his financial manager, Mr Anish Mahajan for discussing the issue and both started discussing what could be the future of investment, then he told Mahajan to do the complete analysis. Also, Aggarwal was perplexed about the impact that Meta’s investment in Jio would have on consumers, especially in India. How would the telecom regulatory authority in India view it? Aggarwal felt that how the telecommunication industry would plunge into disruption mode in future. What would be the competitors’ stance in India? Would it trigger other players for strategic alliances? Aggarwal was in a dilemma whether he should invest his money in JPL company or not with controversial discussion on net neutrality and data privacy concern?

Complexity academic level

This case study is suited to master degree programs.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
Digital transformation and the spillover of green innovation: evidence from peer firms in heavily polluting industries
Authors: Pei Xudong , Song Juan , Li Na , Cao Borui
Published: January 2025

Purpose

It is found that previous studies only focus on how digital transformation contributes to individual firms’ green innovation performance while ignoring the important role that it plays in the spillover and diffusion of green innovations among peer firms. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of focal firms’ digital transformation on the spillover of green innovation among peer firms in heavily polluting industries mediated by environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance and agency conflict. Further, this study is also expected to explore the effects of digital transformation’s green innovation spillover.

Design/methodology/approach

This study chooses 6,438 A-share heavily polluting listed firms in the stock exchanges based in Shanghai and Shenzhen in China during 2010–2020 as samples and tests the hypothesis with ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Results prove to be robust to a battery of robustness analyses the authors performed to take care of endogeneity.

Findings

The results show that the focal firm’s digital transformation may trigger their peer firms’ green innovation spillover and prompt them to engage in green innovation activities actively. The mechanism test shows that peer firms’ ESG performance and agency conflict mediate the influence path between digital transformation and peer firms’ green innovation spillover. Finally, among heavily polluting firms with high industry competition and large scale, digital transformation’s green innovation spillover effects are more significant in conventional energy-based source control, end-of-pipe treatment and substantive green innovation.

Originality/value

This study is possible to provide a potential driving mechanism of green innovation spillovers. The findings lay a sound foundation for future research, providing important theoretical support and practical insights for digital transformation to empower heavily polluting industries to achieve green transformation and low-carbon development.
International experience of community support for national park development and its implications
Authors: Kong Shuyi , Xie Mengling , Zhang Wei , Xia Chunfeng , Yi Xie , Solomon Tamirat , Yin Xinan , Liu Haifei , Wang Changhai
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This article aims to explore the key role of community participation in the protection and development of national parks under the global trend of national park development and provide reference for the construction of China’s national park system by analyzing international successful cases and experiences.

Design/methodology/approach

The study on “International Experience of Community Support for National Park Development” integrates multimethods, from data mining reports, journals and policy docs from WB, UNEP, to case analyses. In-depth interviews with policymakers, academics and farmers reveal needs, challenges and best practices. Comparative analysis tailors findings to China’s context, offering recommendations for enhancing community support. This hybrid approach ensures practical insights for China’s application.

Findings

The results of this study underscore the paramount significance of community participation as a cornerstone in advancing sustainable development and safeguarding national parks amidst a growing global awareness of environmental stewardship. Through a thorough examination of international National Parks such as Yellowstone, Maasai Mara, Uluru-Kata Tjuta and Sanjiangyuan, we reveal a blueprint of success that hinges on robust policy support, empowerment of local communities, strategic economic incentives and multifaceted cross-sectoral collaborations. In the context of domestic hurdles, including inadequate legal frameworks, narrow participation avenues and resource scarcities, our analysis outlines actionable recommendations aimed at fortifying policy and legal frameworks, establishing efficient engagement modalities, bolstering community capacity-building initiatives and fostering economic sustainability. This comprehensive approach presents a visionary roadmap for World’s national park system, guiding it towards achieving an optimal equilibrium where ecological integrity and community prosperity coexist harmoniously.

Originality/value

The article underscores the originality in illuminating the pivotal role of community participation in national park protection and development amidst a global shift. By delving into international exemplars like Yellowstone, Maasai Mara, Uluru-Kata Tjuta, Sanjiangyuan and Panda, it uncovers novel insights on policy frameworks, community empowerment, economic incentives and collaborative models. This work contributes to the burgeoning discourse on balancing ecological conservation with socioeconomic development, providing a blueprint for sustainable national park management of all the world.
An examination of the coaching quality checklist using confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Hardy Jessica K. , Marcoulides Katerina , Grifenhagen Jill , McLeod Ragan H. , Hemmeter Mary Louise
Published: January 2025

Purpose

We developed and studied an approach to measuring the quality of coaching meetings. Coaching is a professional development approach that has been implemented in education settings for several decades to support teachers and other practitioners in providing effective instruction. As coaching has become more prevalent, it has become clear that the field needs tools to measure coaching quality.

Design/methodology/approach

The coaching quality checklist (CQC) is a measure based on the empirical and theoretical literature on coaching. It has 26 items designed to measure three constructs: foundational, supportive and change-oriented coaching skills. In this study, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis of the CQC.

Findings

We found the one-factor model fit the data well. The hypothesized higher-order three subfactor model fit the data better but not significantly so. Additional research is needed to further validate the CQC using a larger sample and examine different types of validity.

Originality/value

The CQC is a promising tool for measuring coaching quality, which can help ensure that teachers are provided with high-quality professional development to support their use of interventions.
Information adoption of brand messages among Generation Z in trending topics
Authors: Xin Rujing , Lim Yi Jing
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study investigated how Generation Z adopted brand messages through trending topics and analysed the central and peripheral routes of information adoption. It explored the roles of informational and emotional supports in influencing information adoption through perceived information usefulness and considered the adoption of brand messages within trending topic discussions.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the extension information adoption model, this study employed a quantitative approach by utilising covariance-based structural equation modelling to analyse 400 valid web-based questionnaire responses from Sina Microblog users among Generation Z in China.

Findings

Adopting brand messages via trending topics, with cues emphasising information quality as the central route and information credibility as the peripheral route, enhances perceived information usefulness. Notably, Generation Z can derive informational and emotional support from trending topic discussions, influencing their perceived information usefulness. This process operates independently of the dual routes of information adoption.

Research limitations/implications

Marketers can leverage influencers and users’ comments to motivate Generation Z to adopt brand messages through trending topics, but this study was limited by the demographic diversity of its sample and the specific types of brands analysed. Incorporating cross-cultural comparisons, group analyses, potential moderating factors and control variables could improve the model’s generalisability.

Originality/value

Compared to information adoption models rooted in the organisational information exchange, the originality of this study lies in confirming that, within the context of trending topics, which blend social connections with an anonymous environment, informational and emotional supports can serve as additional cues influencing brand information adoption via perceived information usefulness.
Advancing a case for critical realism in forensic mental health scholarship and practice with youth convicted of sexual offences
Authors: Pereira Roxanne , Ngo Hieu
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Critical realism presents a philosophical and paradigm shift in forensic mental health scholarship and practice with youth convicted of sexual offences, which addresses current deficits in the risk management approach. Through universalism and essentialism, the dominant risk management approach classifies diverse youth by criminal behaviour and risk through predictive algorithms with a failure to account for history and oppression. In contrast, critical realism addresses identity, environment and adolescent development in practice with youth convicted of sexual offences while providing explanatory depth and a focus on social justice. The purpose of this paper is to provide an alternative perspective through critical realism and address deficits in the risk management approach with youth convicted of sexual offences.

Design/methodology/approach

From a critical realism perspective, this paper critiques the applicability of the risk management approach with youth convicted of sexual offences by addressing tensions in the existing scholarship and practice. This paper provides clinical examples and practical application of critical realism to ground the conceptual perspective.

Findings

The authors argue that critical realism provides a critical alternative to tensions in the existing scholarship and practice with youth convicted of sexual offences through the addition of context, explanatory depth and a focus on social justice.

Practical implications

Intersectionality and developmental life course theoretical perspectives offer nuanced contextual approaches to incorporate complexity and diversity into practice with YCSOs. Explanatory depth through critical realism urges scholars to go beyond empiricism to the deeper structures and explanations for a phenomenon. A focus on social justice includes analysis of history, power and oppression in scholarship and practice with youth convicted of sexual offences. Quantitative criticalism is an example of an emerging theory that informs methods which emphasize social justice. Practice recommendations include moving beyond conceptualizing culture as a responsivity factor alone to the incorporation of diverse knowledges and ways of being. Desistance scholarship and practice approaches that include narrative redemptive scripts are examples of approaches consistent with critical realism that focus on strengths and intersectionality theory.

Originality/value

Critical realism is an under-utilized paradigm within forensic mental health, which is heavily focused on the dominance of the risk management approach. In scholarship and practice with youth convicted of sexual offences, a critical realism perspective adds context, explanatory depth, and a focus on social justice.
The role of ESG rating divergence and independent directors in predicting future stock price crash risk
Authors: Sun Han , Lee JaeHo , Kang Hyoung-Goo , Fan Zengrui
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the impact of ESG rating disagreements on stock performance in the Chinese A-share market, focusing on immediate and short-term market reactions and the risk of future stock price crashes. Using data from the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges, we analyze 17,006 firm-year observations from 2010 to 2021. Stock return data are sourced from the Wind database, while additional financial metrics are obtained from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR) database. Corporate governance information is drawn from the China National Research Data Service (CNRDS) database. Our findings indicate that higher levels of ESG divergence significantly increase the risk of future stock price crashes. Furthermore, the presence of independent directors moderates this relationship, reducing the likelihood of such crashes. Immediate market reactions to ESG rating disagreements are also significant, underscoring the need for transparency and alignment among rating agencies. The study highlights the importance of robust corporate governance and standardized ESG rating methodologies to mitigate associated risks. Policy recommendations include promoting transparency in ESG rating processes and enhancing the role of independent directors in corporate governance.
Preventative self-regulatory primary care leadership in urban China: impact on physician well-being and medical service quality
Authors: Xu Mengyuan , Zhao Ruixue , Li Mengyao , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Zhang Jinnan , Jia Huan , Wang Jing , Wang Wenhua
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The study aims to address the gap between leaders’ preventative self-regulatory focus and its impact on Chinese primary care physicians (PCPs) well-being, measured by work–family spillover stress and work exhaustion and on healthcare quality, measured by preventive service delivery and clinical guideline adherence.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper conducted a cross-sectional in-person survey with 38 leaders and 224 PCPs in 38 primary health centers (PHCs) in Jinan, Tianjin, Shenzhen and Shanghai. Guided by the regulatory focus theory, this paper built hierarchical linear regression models to examine the association between the leadership’s regulatory focus and physician burnout, work–family conflict, clinic guideline adherence and preventive service delivery.

Findings

This paper added the knowledge of leadership’s regulatory focus impact on the well-being and medical service quality of PCPs. Prevention regulatory focus of leaders was significantly associated with work exhaustion and physicians’ reported work–family conflict. There is no significant association between leadership’s prevention regulatory focus and PCPs’ preventive service delivery or clinical guideline adherence.

Research limitations/implications

Data on the regulatory focus of PCPs were not collected. Future studies should collect longitudinal data, allowing for exploration of the mechanism.

Practical implications

This paper revealed that PHC leaders should restructure their leadership focus away from preventive regulatory behavior, promoting a team atmosphere and enhancing PCP attitudes, behaviors and well-being.

Social implications

To improve the well-being of PCPs and the quality of medical services, our results recommend a focus on establishing a positive organizational culture and addressing the emotional and professional needs of PCPs. To achieve these aims, policymakers should implement measures that promote a more comprehensive and balanced regulatory focus within PHC institutions. These measures should aim to create an environment that supports physician well-being and enhances the quality of healthcare services. Providing ample resources and support, promoting a collaborative team atmosphere and encouraging open communication are vital to empowering PCPs.

Originality/value

This study examined the preventive regulatory focus of PHC leaders on the well-being and medical service quality of PCPs in China.
A novel approach to prioritizing health technology investments using integrated AI-based ranking model
Authors: Gökalp Yaşar , Eti Serkan , Dinçer Hasan , Yüksel Serhat
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Health technologies are an issue that directly affects the sustainability and quality of health services. Due to budget constraints, it is not financially possible for businesses to apply comprehensive improvement strategies to all these criteria. In this case, it is possible for businesses to implement more priority strategies. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the important performance indicators of health technology investments.

Design/methodology/approach

Firstly, with the help of the artificial intelligence system, a decision matrix is established. Secondly, spherical fuzzy total order of preference decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory methodology is taken into consideration for weighting the criteria. Thirdly, emerging seven countries are ranked by using spherical fuzzy MultiAtributive Ideal-Real Comparative Analysis (MAIRCA).

Findings

The findings demonstrate that the criteria of health policies and research and development are defined as the most significant factor in this regard. China and Turkey are also found to be the most successful emerging countries with respect to the performance of health technology investments.

Originality/value

The main contribution of this study is that a novel decision-making model is generated by integrating artificial methodology into the spherical fuzzy sets.
The missing links of value congruence: evidence from the Thai healthcare workforce
Authors: Dechawatanapaisal Decha
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to investigate possible factors, such as trust in management and shared vision, that influence value congruence and its mediating effect on work engagement. It also explores how resilience, functioning as a moderator, could change the nature of the links between value congruence and its determinants.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through an online survey from 301 healthcare employees in Thailand. Hypotheses were tested and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling and bootstrapping procedures.

Findings

The results reveal that value congruence mediates the positive impacts of trust in management and shared vision on work engagement. Trust in management and shared vision translate into higher levels of value congruence, more so when employees are highly resilient.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that healthcare administrators should design interventions to cultivate trustworthy leadership behaviors in daily operations while improving communication of the organization’s overarching vision and objectives to help employees internalize and seamlessly integrate its core values into their own professional identities.

Originality/value

Despite the extensive research on value congruence and its outcomes, little is known about its development. This study makes a valuable contribution by addressing these missing links, particularly in hospital settings. It also highlights how resource management explains the ways in which resilience in practice influences employees’ value congruence at work.