bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historical View of Diabetics Mellitus: From Ancient Egyptian Polyuria to Discovery of Insulin
Authors: Mohajan Devajit , Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: July 2023

History is the pioneer of all researches and developments, and the history of diabetes has its beginnings in antiquity about over three millennia. Diabetes mellitus is one of the oldest diseases from the human civilization. Also it is one of the most studied diseases in the history of medicine. Main symptoms of this disease are hyperglycaemia, excessive thirsty, increased appetite, gradual loss of body weight, and continuous passing of huge honey-sweet urine that often drew ants. The disease causes either for inadequate insulin production, or for the body cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Descriptions of diabetes mellitus have been found in the Egyptian Papyri, in ancient Indian and Chinese medical literature, and in the works of ancient Greek and Arab physicians. In the 17th century works of Thomas Willis; in the 19th century, the glycogenic action of the liver is done by French physiologist Claude Bernard; famous experiment of removing the pancreas from a dog and producing severe and fatal diabetes are performed by Oskar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering; and finally in the 19th century, isolation of insulin from pancreatic islets is done by Frederick Banting and Charles Best to save diabetes patients from the suffering from diabetes. These are the roots of all achievements in favor of welfare of diabetes patients. At present the prevalence of diabetes is very high worldwide, and is increasing day by day. In this study historical points of diabetes are highlighted for the awareness of this disease.
Wounds in Working Donkeys: Prevalence, Causes, and Risk Factors at Duna Woreda, Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Eriso Moges , Mekuriya Merete , Abose Yonas
Published: July 2023

A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2017 and August 2018 and examines work-related wounds in working donkeys in the Duna woreda of Southern Ethiopia, focusing on prevalence, causes, types, and risk factors. Equines are essential for transportation in the area, but they face health issues due to improper management practices. Out of 384 randomly selected donkeys, the overall prevalence of wounds was 45%, with higher rates in males, older animals, and those in poor body condition. The most common wound locations were the prescapular region, back, hind limb, and neck. Improper harnessing and biting were major causes, and abrasions were the most frequent type of wound observed. These findings emphasize the need for improved management practices and better healthcare for working donkeys. This research provides insights into the prevalence, causes, types, and risk factors associated with work-related wounds in working donkeys. It highlights the importance of implementing appropriate management strategies and providing regular healthcare to reduce the occurrence of wounds and benefit the health and welfare of working donkeys.
The Integration of Criticism and Experience—A Dual Interpretation of the Construction School
Authors: Li Mingxuan
Published: July 2023

Since the 20th century, the duality of the empirical school and the critical school has always been the focus of discussion in social science. The two schools have argued for decades, and different understandings and differences have emerged in endlessly. So far, the two factions have a trend of learning from each other and emerging. The emergence of the construction school provides an intermediate plan for the debate between the experience school and the critical school, as well as a satisfactory and open answer to the multiple choice questions in the academic world.
Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Incidence Of High-Risk Pregnancies In The Working Area Of The Mubune Health Center, Northern Minahasa District
Authors: Lengkong Merke , Wagey Freddy W. , Tatura Suryadi N. N.
Published: July 2023

High-risk pregnancy refers to any condition associated with pregnancy where there is an actual or potential risk to the mother or fetus. Observations in North Minahasa Regency in 2022 showed a total of 1,015 detected cases of high-risk pregnancies in Community Health Centers. Based on data, Mubune Community Health Center has the highest number of high-risk pregnancy cases, totaling 193 cases. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce these high-risk pregnancies through this research. The research design used in this study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in the working area of Mubune Community Health Center, North Minahasa, from April to July 2023. The sample in this study consisted of all pregnant women recorded in Mubune Community Health Center, totaling 225 patients, with 82 pregnant women classified as high-risk based on the data. The research variables consist of independent variables (maternal age, maternal knowledge, and maternal attitude) and the dependent variable (occurrence of high-risk pregnancy). Data collection was done through interviews using a questionnaire. The data from this study were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. The analysis results showed that there is a relationship between maternal age (p = 0.000), maternal knowledge (p = 0.007), and maternal attitude (p = 0.033) with the occurrence of high-risk pregnancy in the working area of Mubune Community Health Center, North Minahasa. The multivariate analysis results showed that the exp β value of maternal age variable in the category of <20 years and >35 years is 21.6 times the occurrence of high-risk pregnancy. Based on the Nagelkerke R-square value of 0.763, it means that maternal age, knowledge, and attitude collectively influence 76% of the occurrence of high-risk pregnancy in pregnant women, while the remaining 23.7% (100-76.3) is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
Analysis of the Industrial Effluent before Discharge into the sea, Case from Kamsar, Republic of Guinea
Authors: Sylla Mamadouba , Konaté Ahmed Amara
Published: July 2023

Oil effluents are the main sources of contamination of aquatic ecosystems. The intensity of their impact depends on the quantity, density and toxicity in the discharge. This study examines the effectiveness of effluent treatment prior to discharge into the ocean at the Kamsar plant. Seventy-two water samples were collected over an eight-month period. They were analyzed using an incubator (Infra Cal TOG/TPH) for total oil/fat (THG). As a result, the effluent contains a high level of oil/fat, which varies according to the season, with an average of 85 ppm/day in the dry season and 178 ppm/day in the rainy season. These rates are higher than the norm (15 ppm/day). The high THG content in the water shows that it is not biodegradable and toxic. A modification of the plant has been proposed, with two anti-parallel flat separators (API) of one pump each.
A Study on the Directions of Policing for Autonomous Police in the Post-COVID Era : Focusing on the Chungcheongnam-do
Authors:   The Korean Society of Private Security, Oh Hye-Sung , Jung Byung-Soo
Published: July 2023

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic spread, and strong quarantine policies were implemented, which restricted social activities. As the lifestyle changed to a non-face-to-face-centered lifestyle, the crime pattern also changed. Crimes that could have occurred in daily life decreased, but non-face-to-face crimes and crimes committed at home showed an increasing trend. In the pandemic situation, not only the crime but also the police had a big change. In 2021, the autonomous police system was introduced and implemented, which led to various changes in the police's office area and activities. Since then, COVID-19 has changed to an Endemic of infectious diseases, and society is recovering from daily activities and the security environment is changing. In line with this situation, the police should develop policies and activities that reflect the changes in security activities.
In this study, we analyze the changes in the public safety environment, focusing on Chungcheongnam-do, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its transition to an endemic phase. Based on previous studies, we present the current issues within the police force and provide directions for public safety activities. Firstly, we propose strengthened responses and preventive measures against changes in crime and safety incidents resulting from the recovery of daily activities. Secondly, considering the continued economic downturn, we suggest preventive and responsive actions against financial and property crimes. Thirdly, we propose the formation of a security governance system, which includes welfare-oriented public safety activities tailored to specific crime types and targets.
Estrategia pedagógica para el mejoramiento de la comunicación entre familias y docentes – Colegio Parroquial San Carlos Bogotá 2023
Authors: Velásquez Garzón John Jamer
Published: July 2023

El escenario educativo ha tenido un gran debate en los últimos años para analizar hasta qué punto es necesaria la participación de la familia en el ámbito escolar. Por ello, tomando la problemática de inasistencia de las familias, la escasa comunicación con los docentes y el bajo rendimiento de algunos estudiantes del Colegio Parroquial San Carlos - SEAB (Bogotá, Colombia), se aplica una investigación acción participativa con alcance de diseño, bajo el paradigma sociocrítico, para analizar la comunicación de la familia con la institución y así diseñar una estrategia pedagógica para la interrelación de la familia con el mejoramiento del rendimiento académico con estudiantes entre 10 a 12 años del Colegio, bajo un enfoque mixto de preferencia cualitativa, aplicando encuestas de Likert y la observación de campo en los espacios de reunión con las familias. De los resultados, emerge la necesidad de diseñar una estrategia de dos características según su aplicabilidad: anual, conformada por la sensibilización, hoja de ruta y contextualización de la malla curricular a partir de las diversidades de las familias; y por período académico, la aplicación de tres formatos que mejoran y precisan la comunicación en el espacio de citaciones, entrega de informes académicos y un formato virtual que apoya la tríada familia - docentes - estudiantes, todo ello enmarcado en la estrategia pedagógica VEGI: Voluntad, Empatía, Guía e Implementación, haciendo un recorrido que articula las intersubjetividades, valora y potencia las diversidades y construye comunidades de aprendizaje.
Engineering Management: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges, Trends, and Best Practices
Authors: Htet Arkar , Liana Sui Reng , Aung Theingi , Bhaumik Amiya
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Engineering management is a multidisciplinary field that combines technical knowledge with management skills, aiming to efficiently develop and execute engineering projects. The increasing complexity of modern projects and the dynamic environment in which they are executed have led to the development of various tools, methodologies, and best practices to improve project outcomes. This paper reviews the literature on engineering management, discussing its challenges, emerging trends, and best practices. The findings reveal that effective engineering management is crucial for achieving project success and that organizations must adapt to the rapidly changing landscape.
Analisis Defect pada Proses Produksi Mie Blok dengan Metode SPC dan RCA Pada PT. Lestari Alam Segar
Authors: Sitepu Mariras , Syarif Abdul Aziz , Harahap Uun Novalia
Published: July 2023

PT. Lestari Alam Segar merupakan sebuah perusahaan industri makanan yang bergerak dalam bidang pembuatan mie instan yang terletak di Jalan Pulau Pinang III Kav. 600-342 E Kel. Saentis Kec. Percut sei Tuan, Kab. Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara. PT. Lestari Alam Segar memproduksi perhari sekitar 45.000 dus.Tujuan dari permasalahan ini adalah untuk mengendalikan kualitas produk jadi dan mengidentifikasi penyebab penyimpangan kualitas produk dengan menggunakan alat bantu statistik yaitu seven tools (check sheet, histogram, diagram pareto, diagram sebab akibat, scatter diagram, proces flow diagram dan control charts) sehingga dapat mengetahui faktor penyebab kecacatan produk da pencegahan yang akan dilakukan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dari ke 7 alat pengendalian kualitas yang telah dianalisa dapat diketahui bahwa penyebab penyimpangan kualitas pada PT. Lestari Alam Segar dari sekian banyak kecacatan produk yang terjadi, produk cacat terbanyak adalah mie gosong disebabkan oleh 3 faktor yaitu manusia, metode dan mesin serta tindakan pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan dari faktor manusia adalah memberikan arahan dan pengawasan yang ketat serta melakukan pelatihan pada operator.
Evaluation of the Psychological Wellbeing of Special Science School Home Economics Teachers
Authors:   Department of Education Foundations, University of the Free State, 9301, South Africa, Ugwuanyi Christian S.
Published: July 2023

Due to the nature of the teaching profession, teachers at various institutions of learning across the world, particularly in the Nigerian setting, are obligated to take on more academic responsibilities than necessary. According to the literature, researchers attempt to assess the psychological health of instructors around the globe, but no such study has been done in Nigeria with respect to home economics teachers at special science schools. This study, which examined the psychological wellbeing of home economics teachers at Nigerian special science schools, was inspired by the knowledge gap in the field. A cross-sectional survey research design with 156 home economics teachers randomly selected from the population of all home economics teachers in all the special science schools in Enugu State, Nigeria, served as the foundation for this study. A 42-item measure measuring psychological wellbeing was used to collect the data. The scale's psychometric characteristics were accurately estimated. Percentage, bar charts, and t-test of independent samples were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the majority of home economics teachers at Nigerian special science schools were found to have very low psychological wellbeing. Further investigation indicated that school location has no significant influence on the psychological wellbeing of home economics teachers. The researcher recommends that the post-primary school management board should establish a supportive academic environment that will promote the psychological wellbeing of the home economics teachers in special science schools.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ISLAMIC CALLIGRAPHY: NASTA‘LIQ, PERSIAN CALLIGRAPHY INFLUENCES ON MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE OF 17TH CENTURY
Authors: FATIMA ZAHRA  , SAFRIZAL SHAHIR
Published: July 2023

The investigation on Islamic calligraphy, particularly Nasta‘liq calligraphy, mainly focuses only on the history of calligraphy, calligraphers’ biographies, and calligraphy’s origins and training. No significant or pervasive research has been done on the identity or characteristics of the calligraphy forms and their traditional principles. Fewer studies have examined the visual character of calligraphy academically or considered it a research subject in its own right. Moreover, the Persian influence on Mughal architectural calligraphy faces a recognition gap and there is a need for more academic documentation. These are the particulars that this research aims to address. The research focuses on the characteristics and prominent features of Persian calligraphy, especially Naskh and Nasta‘liq writing styles of Persian origin. The study also dwells on the Persian calligraphy influences on the mosque architecture of the Mughal era. This research explored the physicality and intellectual characteristics of the Mughal calligraphy visuals. Two art theories—instrumentalism and formalism—are combined as a research method.
A long-term retrospective observational study at a medium-sized medical oncology service in Switzerland: comparison of overall survival with a national cohort and adherence to treatment guidelines
Authors: Gross-Erne Mirjam , Zimmerli Lukas , Bassetti Stefano , Li Qiyu , Feller Anita , Mingrone Walter
Published: July 2023

AIMS: There is a lack of national and international publicly available long-term survival outcome data from individual healthcare providers in medical oncology. In this study, the overall survival at a medium-sized medical oncology service at Olten Cantonal Hospital was evaluated and compared as a local benchmark report with national data from the Swiss Cancer Registries. Furthermore, adherence to treatment guidelines was investigated as an additional quality indicator.

METHODS: The 1- and 5-year overall survival of all patients with breast cancer, testicular cancer, colon cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Switzerland from 2008 to 2017 with at least one outpatient visit at the in-house medical oncology service at Olten Cantonal Hospital was analysed and compared with the specific overall population-based outcome data provided by the National Agency for Cancer Registration (NACR), which were set as a national benchmark. Until 2020, no data from the Canton of Solothurn, to which Olten belongs, were reported to the NACR. Further, adherence to internationally recognized clinical guidelines for stage-specific treatment was assessed.

RESULTS: Until September 8, 2020, data on 842 patients with a median follow-up period of 70 months were collected and analysed. The 1- and 5-year overall survival for colon and non-small cell cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and the 5-year overall survival for testicular cancer in the Olten cohort did not significantly differ from the NACR data. The 1-year overall survival for testicular cancer was not comparable statistically. The 5-year overall survival for breast cancer (unadjusted for stage) was significantly higher in the NACR collective (84.5%) than in the Olten collective (79.7%) but not for the individual breast cancer stages. The Olten collective included approximately 2.5 times as many patients with stage 4 breast cancer (17.5%) as the NACR collective (6.9%). Approximately 92.4% of the patients in the curative setting and 85.8% of the patients in the palliative setting received first-line treatment according to guidelines.

CONCLUSIONS: The statistically comparable local 1- and 5-year overall survival of the analysed malignancies, with adjustment for stage for the 5-year overall survival for breast cancer, is in line with the national benchmark. Adherence to treatment guidelines is high.
Medical nursing care of gastrointestinal tumour patients during chemotherapy
Authors: Dai Donghui , Chen Jie
Published: July 2023

Objectives. This research with gastrointestinal cancer patients analyzed the expected outcomes of nursing interventions on a) patient adherence to treatment; b) patient satisfaction with nursing care; and c) health of body conditions such as lung function. Methods. All patients (60 individuals) who underwent chemotherapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, were divided into two equal groups. Group 1 received planned care and Group 2 received evidence-based nursing interventions. Results. The results showed that treatment adherence was higher in Group 2 than in the control group (p = 0.01). In addition, there was a higher rating by patients for the quality of nursing care (p = 0.01), as well as a higher score obtained for lung function (p = 0.01). Treatment adherence resulted in a decrease in the secondary infection rate in Group 2 (p = 0.05). Conclusion. The results showed that quality nursing intervention is effective for lung function improvement, stress level reduction, treatment plans, and a reduction of secondary infections. Keywords: cancer, nursing care, quality of life, lung function, commitment to treatment, secondary infection
Experience of oncology nurses with cancer survivors during transition from acute oncology treatment to primary care
Authors: Sun Guang , Lemonde Manon , Tremblay Dominique
Published: July 2023

Background: Cancer care for Canadian cancer survivors remains fragmented. Little is known about the experience of Canadian oncology nurses providing cancer care for cancer survivors, as they transition from acute treatment to primary care. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) explore the experience of oncology nurses dealing with fragmented cancer care for cancer survivors in transition to survivorship; (2) identify oncology nurses’ perspectives about what promotes or inhibits their delivery of quality cancer care; and (3) obtain their suggestions to improve cancer care. Design: This study used a phenomenological design to explore the experience of oncology nurses in caring for cancer survivors during transition to survivorship and examine how the nurse participants describe their experience. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach was used to develop themes from the data. Results: Three oncology nurses participated in this study. The following five themes emerged: (1) Under personal transition: nursing assessment, symptoms management, patient education, resources offered, refusing label of cancer survivors, promoting adjustment to a new normal life, promoting return to work, and recognizing meaning of survivorship; (2) Under cancer survivor’s care transition: promoting self-care management, communication, and maximal recovery of body functions; (3) Under nurse’s positive experience promoting delivery of quality cancer care: caring for cancer survivors, experience and knowledge, and advocate for cancer survivors; (4) Under barriers that negatively affected delivery of cancer care: low socioeconomic status (especially low income), cultures and languages barriers, and limited time providing nursing care; and (5) Suggestions to improve cancer care: establishing a new position – primary nurse, increasing the number of healthcare professionals, and improving knowledge, skills, and experience. Conclusion: Oncology nurses’ knowledge and experience provide a good foundation for quality cancer care and contribute to the health and wellbeing of cancer survivors. Keywords: oncology nurses, cancer care, treatment transition
Cancer information-seeking profiles: A self-report measure of patients’ distinct preferences for information about their cancer
Authors: Loiselle Carmen
Published: July 2023

Objective: Contemporary cancer care approaches, such as value- and strengths-based health care, involve integrating patients’ needs and preferences, as the cancer experience unfolds. Distinct cancer information-seeking behaviours among patients are increasingly found to influence patient-provider communication, treatment-related decision-making, health processes and outcomes, as well as patient satisfaction with cancer care services. My program of research has already documented diverse cancer information-seeking profiles (CISP) among patients. These profiles can easily be captured by a theory-driven and empirically sound self-report single-item measure presented herein. Methods: Guided by Self-Evaluation Theory (SET) – which posits that individuals vary in their motivation to seek information about the self – quantitative work established that SET motives could be reproduced in health-related contexts (N = 600). Qualitative inquiry subsequently explored information-seeking among individuals with various cancer diagnoses. Based on this series of studies, a CIPS measure (containing a general question which prompts individuals to choose the most representative statement based on five descriptions of distinct informational profiles) was tested in a large sample of individuals with diverse cancers. Results: In this latter sample (N = 2,142), patients were administered the CISP and the Ambulatory Oncology Patient Satisfaction Survey (AOPSS). The most frequently reported CISP was complementary (50.2%, i.e., search for cancer information that added to what patients already knew), followed by minimal (25.2%, i.e., no search for cancer information), then guarded (14.4%, i.e., avoiding negative and only seeking hopeful cancer information), peer-focused (6.4%, i.e., search for cancer information from similar others), and last, intense (3.8%, i.e., seeking as much cancer information as possible). These profiles were also differentially related to care satisfaction with intense profiles being the least satisfied across all cancer care domains. Conclusions and Practice Implications: The CISP measure can readily assess patients’ profiles in the search for (or avoidance of) information about their cancer so that more personalized interventions can be provided. Future research exploring how CISP evolves, as the cancer experience unfolds, is also worthy of further study.
Generalised Z-Entropy (Gze) and Fractal Dimensions (FDs)
Authors: Hussain Bhat Ashiq , A. Mageed Ismail
Published: July 2023

In this chapter, we explore the relationship between FD, a statistical measure that gauges the complexity of a given pattern embedded in a certain set of spatial dimensions, and GZe. To interpret the behaviour of the derived (Gze) fractal dimension matching to its parameters, numerical tests are conducted. The broadest generalisation in the literature is reported in this chapter. More potentially, chapter explores the relationship between fractal dimension, which measures the complexity of a pattern in space, and Gze, the ultimate entropy in the literature. The chapter also integrates information theory with fractal geometry, and numerical experiments are conducted to interpret the behaviour of the derived Gze fractal dimension. This work is considered the ultimate generalisation in the literature.
Hydraulic Sizing for Watering Green Space Application in Bechar-Algeria
Authors: Daoudi Mebarka , Guedaouria Hadja , Benmoussa Youcef , Maazouzi Abdelhak , Seddiki Karima , Mehdi Fouzia , Maammeri Hanane , Belaid Asma
Published: July 2023

Cities with many parks and other green areas are better places to live because they attract more people, improve health and well-being, foster community, and attract tourists and investors. This paper details the detailed process of designing a drip and sprinkler irrigation network to irrigate a 300 m2 garden in a semiarid region of Algeria. Sprinkler irrigation was then performed using two models of sprinklers: the IPN-5-F, with a radius of 1.5 m, flow of 0.09 m3/h, and arc of 360°, and the IPN-12H, with a radius of 3 m. The first phase involved hydraulic sizing of the drip irrigation system for varying dripper flows, while the second addressed the use of a drip irrigation system. Drip and sprinkler irrigation have somewhat comparable watering schedules (from one for drip to 2 days for sprinkler), but drip’s flow rate is woefully inadequate when compared to sprinklers. Because of the pressure reduction provided by the manifold pipes in a drip irrigation system, it is efficient to install a single pump with a sufficient debt to service both systems.
The Paradigm of Complex Probability and Quantum Mechanics: The Quantum Harmonic Oscillator with Gaussian Initial Condition – The Momentum Wavefunction and The Wavefunction Entropies
Authors: Abou Jaoudé Abdo
Published: July 2023

The system of probability axioms of Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov put forward in 1933 can be developed to encompass the set of imaginary numbers after adding to his established five axioms a supplementary three axioms. Therefore, any probabilistic phenomenon can thus be performed in what is now the set of complex probabilities C which is the sum of the real set of probabilities R and the complementary and associated and corresponding imaginary set of probabilities M. The aim here is to compute the complex probabilities by taking into consideration additional novel imaginary dimensions to the phenomenon that occurs in the “real” laboratory. Hence, the corresponding probability in the entire probability set C=R+M is, whatever the random distribution of the input random variable considered in R, permanently and constantly equal to 1. Thus, the result of the stochastic experiment in C can be foretold perfectly and completely. Subsequently, the consequence shows that luck and chance in R is substituted now by absolute determinism in C. Accordingly, this is the consequence of the fact that the probability in C is got by subtracting from the degree of our knowledge of the random system the chaotic factor. Henceforth, I will apply to the established and well-known theory of quantum mechanics my innovative and original Complex Probability Paradigm (CPP) which will yield a completely deterministic expression of quantum theory in the universe of probabilities C=R+M.
Crops and ecosystem services, a close interlinkage at the interface of adaptation and mitigation.
Authors: Schlubach Julian
Published: July 2023

Beyond the occurrence of extreme events, heat waves and increasing climate inter-seasonal instability is expected to affect more frequently field crops and more broadly ecosystems.
Ecosystem services will be at the core of adaptation to a steadily evolving situation. The role of biodiversity is crucial in this regard building the resilience of crops and ecosystems. Understanding how the changing climate, in different parts of the world, will affect plants according to their eco-physiological limits is challenging.
Ecosystem services planned at a territorial level, are part of the answer, mitigating local climate, regulating hydrological cycles, allowing soft pest control, as well as contributing to carbon sequestration.
Technical solutions are part of the equation, but the potential of genetic optimization should not be over-estimated, against the limits of the existing genetical diversity.
Low-molecular-weight hydrogels: Synthetic methodologies, gelation mechanisms, and biomedical applications
Authors: F. Nour Hany , M. Salama Ahmed , H.A. Al-Dhuwayin Badria , F. Seliem Amal
Published: July 2023

Low-molecular-weight hydrogels (LMWHs) have garnered widespread focus as versatile soft materials owing to their distinctive characteristics and potential applications. LMWHs are synthesized from small molecules that, upon assembly, form entangled aggregates via different types of noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, or π-π stacking interactions. LMWHs are characterized by their unique ability to mimic biological systems by effectively absorbing and retaining large quantities of water. Despite their poor mechanical properties, LMWHs are widely used in various medical applications due to their easy preparation, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Smart LMWHs demonstrate responsiveness to external stimuli, such as light, temperature, enzymes, or pH, rendering them ideally adapted for various controlled drug delivery applications. LMWHs have been extensively employed in different biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering and cell culture, wound healing, and biofabrication. In this chapter, we aim to explore the potential of LMWHs as drug-delivery vehicles for a range of medications, focusing on the different synthetic strategies, gelation processes, and drug-loading and releasing mechanisms.
Indoor Air Quality in Hospital Settings
Authors: Ashuro Zemachu , Husen Washo Gose , Diriba Kuma
Published: July 2023

Many disease-causing microorganisms may have been introduced into the hospital’s interior air by clients, staff, students, visitors, inadequate ventilation, or the outside environment. Hospitalized patients are at a greater risk of nosocomial infection as a result of enclosed/restricted space, overcrowding, and inadequate infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, which create a favorable environment for microorganism growth. Therefore, an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the indoor air bacterial load in different wards of the Hospital using passive air sampling techniques, and IPC compliance was evaluated using the World Health Organization IPC Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool. In this study, the mean bacterial load ranged from 450±54.0 CFU/m3 to 1585.83±155.64 CFU/m3 after 60 minutes of culture media exposure. Gram-positive bacteria were the most commonly detected bacteria in hospital indoor environments, accounting for 51 (71%) of all detected bacteria. Fungi were found in 65 (90.3%) of the samples. The overall IPC compliance score in this study was 178/800 (22.25%), which was considered inadequate. The highest IPC compliance score in this study was 48%. Therefore, implementing IPC standards and regularly monitoring the bacterial load in the indoor air are essential for preventing the spread of microorganisms to visitors, patients, students, and healthcare workers.
From Traditional Manufacturing to Digital Manufacturing: Two Swedish Case Studies
Authors: Barth Henrik , Vedantha Krishna Amogh , Venkataram Reddy Vijeth , Rosén Bengt-Göran
Published: July 2023

Digital manufacturing can produce new and advanced tools more rapidly and at lower cost than traditional manufacturing. This new technology means manufacturers need to develop innovative business models adapted to this change in the manufacturing landscape. With digital manufacturing, companies have both an opportunity and a challenge. They can enter new markets where large-scale production provides competitive advantage. They can enter niche markets that become more attractive as old boundaries and structures lose relevance. Yet their additive manufactured components must meet the same standards set for conventional manufactured components. However, we know little about how companies manage this change as they make the transition from traditional manufacturing to digital manufacturing. This chapter presents two co-creation digital manufacturing projects between university researchers and Swedish companies. In each project, the goal was to develop sustainable and efficient digital production methods that offer tailor-made product solutions. Various technical methods used in the projects are described as materials, and prototypes are developed, tested, and analyzed.
Post-COVID-19 Impact on the Oman Tourism Market: Coping Strategies of the Hospitality Sector in Dhofar Governorate
Authors: Said Akaak Ali , Nazeer Ahmed Mohammed , Krishnan Rajagopal Navaneetha , Salim Al-Shanfari Khalid
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly worldwide. The tourism industry has suffered deep losses that have profoundly impacted attracting tourists and services offered, where many hotels are temporarily or permanently closed. This exploratory study has been conducted to study the impact of the pandemic on the hospitality sector in Oman. It contributes to the literature by providing new managerial insights and perspectives on the management of hotels during crises. Employing a case study approach supported by qualitative analysis, the study investigated the experiences of hotel managers in coping with challenges presented by the pandemic, the benefits of government support programs, employee retention, and adopting revenues and cost-saving strategies during the crisis. The study collected authentic opinions through semi-structured interviews with hotel managers in the Dhofar region (Oman). The analysis revealed that hotel managers suffered from several issues (challenges): stress, shortage of employees, financial losses (e.g., liquidity problems), closures, reopening, and difficulties adapting to change. This study emphasizes coping strategies to mitigate the onslaught of the COVID-19 crisis, which the tourism industry encountered amid the pandemic and post-pandemic. The study also provides suggestions that hotel managers, in collaboration with government officials, need to set up more support programs that will address the challenges faced by the hospitality sector, which is the crux of this research.
Perspective Chapter: Role of Direct Surgery for Recurrent Aneurysms after Endovascular Treatment
Authors: Izumo Tsuyoshi
Published: July 2023

Treatment strategies for cerebral aneurysms have changed dramatically in recent years with advances in endovascular therapy. Advances in devices, endovascular surgeons’ skills, and diagnostic modalities have improved the results of endovascular treatment, making it a safer and more reliable treatment option. On the other hand, we are encountering an increasing number of cases of postoperative recurrence. Direct surgery has a specific role in treating these recurrent cases, and it has become essential to establish a decision-making method and surgical technique for treating these cases. In this chapter, I will discuss the treatment options for recurrent cerebral aneurysms after endovascular treatment and the practical application of directclipping and bypass surgery.
Стилистически сниженная лексика в речи бизнес-тренера (на материале выступлений Ирины Хакамады)
Authors: Rycheva Ekaterina , Bezkorovayna Tetyana
Published: July 2023

Речь бизнес-тренеров отличается стремлением говорящего оказать влияние на сознание реципиента благодаря использованию различных языковых средств. Адресант учитывает не только цель коммуникации (информирование, привлечение внимания / развлечение, убеждение), но и ее синтетический характер, сочетающий в себе вертикальные и горизонтальный векторы. Говорящий пытается завоевать и удержать расположение аудитории, получить ее поддержку, понимание и доверие благодаря комплексному воздействию на чувства, эмоции и подсознание адресата, а также демонстрации принадлежности к группе «своих». Одной из особенностей речи Ирины Хакамады в роли бизнес-тренера является употребление стилистически сниженной лексики (молодежный сленг, арго, вульгаризмы, обсценная лексика).
FICO POR QUE QUERO OU POR QUE PRECISO?
Authors: Severo Zago Juliana , Freddo Fleck Carolina , Ribeiro da Rosa Juliana
Published: July 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os níveis de entrincheiramento organizacional dos funcionários de instituições financeiras de uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, utilizou amostra estratificada aplicada em bancos públicos, privados e cooperativas de crédito. Os principais resultados apresentaram que os Arranjos Burocráticos Impessoais, são o fator mais determinante para a permanência na organização que atua, quase atingindo um nível alto, seguido pela Limitação de Alternativas visualizada e pelo Ajustamento de Posição Social. O entrincheiramento organizacional perpassa elementos presentes na nossa sociedade, como por exemplo, o receio ao novo e a mudança quando se fala em emprego e renda. Nesse sentido, aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o tema em diferentes esferas organizacionais pode servir para repensar projetos que tratem de temas como carreira, emprego e até mesmo empreendedorismo.
Representaciones míticas de la maternidad, en el manga X 1999
Authors: Castelli Olvera Sarahi Isuki , Castelli Olvera Azul Kikey
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo se argumenta que en el manga X, creado y publicado por el colectivo CLAMP en Japón en 1992, e importado a México por Editorial Vid entre 2003 y 2005, representa una pervivencia del mito de la mujer ambigua, marcada por el esquema de la imagen, tanto diurna como por el nocturna. Lo anterior se observa en la reiteración de la maternidad como sacrificio, en el caso del personaje de Tōru Magami; y la mujer amenaza ligada a la traición y muerte en el caso de Saya Monou. Examinamos el manga a partir un análisis visual de referentes simbólicos, históricos e iconográficos en conjunto con la narrativa del manga. En este sentido, retomamos el paradigma de inferencias indiciales propuesto por Carlo Ginzburg, así como la propuesta de análisis semiótico de Jenaro Talens.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO AUTISMO NO AUDIOVISUAL A PARTIR DA SENSIBILIZAÇÃO:
Authors: De Souza Mello Tatiana , Ferrari Barbosa Débora Nice , Benites Hersing Luciane
Published: July 2023

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a representação do autismo em narrativas audiovisuais, tendo como o campo de pesquisa os filmes “Meu filho, meu mundo” e “Farol das Orcas”. O estudo desenvolveu-se sob a ótica de uma análise qualitativa sobre o autismo nas duas obras buscando respostas para o questionamento: As abordagens com foco na sensibilização são eficazes no processo de socialização do indivíduo com TEA? Diante da análise, ficaram evidentes as diferentes estratégias utilizadas pelas famílias. No primeiro filme é retratada a origem do método Son-Rise a partir de estudos e experimentos de uma família de classe média alta tradicional e, no segundo filme, são abordadas vivências com enfoque terapêutico como uma alternativa encontrada por uma mãe divorciada para auxiliar seu filho. Com as análises, verificou-se que as abordagens terapêuticas com enfoque na sensibilização, trazem benefícios para a socialização e interação de crianças com TEA. Também se constatou que é necessário considerar as especificidades de cada indivíduo na escolha por uma forma de tratamento ou terapia para avaliar sua eficácia.
Doing Lu du Theology of Myanmar from the Kachin Perspective: Promoting the role of the Church in Educating and Solidarity with Masha Unawng Toward Self-Determination
Authors:   The Korean Society of Minjung Theology, Htan Wa Gyit Brang
Published: July 2023

The primary purpose of this research is to suggest how the Christian Church can restore Freedom, Justice, and Peace in the lives and history of Lu du (Masha Unawng in Jinghpaw Language), the major victims of the socio-cultural and political context of Kachin State. To carry out this research successfully, I will apply the praxis model of doing theology with the contextual approach. This model will be helpful to interpret the socio-political experiences of the peoples in the life of the Church. I will refer to the theological and historically significant of the church in solidarity with the oppressed. By applying the contextual model, I will construct a liberative theological mission of the Church which engages to the socio-cultural and political oppression in Kachin region. The mainstream education of Myanmar is the root cause of socio-cultural and political oppression in Kachin region. But, the Church has failed to extend its mission to engage the current challenges in Kachin region. In this paper, I will mainly cover the following contents: the negative impacts and challenges of the oppressive education in society, teachings and events of the Bible to conscientize Lu du (the oppressed), the Church as major role to realize Kingdom of God in the history of the peoples, critical reading on the role of the churches in Latin America and Minjung Movement, formation of Lu du (peoples) education, new understanding on Missio-Dei as educating and transforming the peoples, proposing new educational activities for the churches, and finally the new presence of the Church in the Kachin region. Through this paper, the Church in the Kachin region will find her new identity in witnessing the Good News of the Kingdom of God in the lives of the peoples.
Short-legged daddy-long-leg spiders in North America: the genera Pholcophora and Tolteca (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Authors: Huber Bernhard A. , Meng Guanliang , Valdez-Mondragón Alejandro , Král Jiří , Ávila Herrera Ivalú M. , Carvalho Leonardo S.
Published: July 2023

The North American-Caribbean genera Pholcophora Banks, 1896 and Tolteca Huber, 2000 are representatives of Ninetinae, a group of small, cryptic, and thus poorly known pholcid spiders. We present the first comprehensive revisions of the two genera, including extensive SEM data and descriptions of seven new species from Mexico (Pholcophora mazatlan Huber sp. nov., P. papanoa Huber sp. nov., P. tehuacan Huber sp. nov., Tolteca huahua Huber sp. nov., T. manzanillo Huber sp. nov., T. oaxaca Huber sp. nov., and T. sinnombre Huber sp. nov.). We add new CO1 sequences of nine species to previously published molecular data and use these for a preliminary analysis of relationships. We recover a North American-Caribbean clade including ‘true’ (mainland) Pholcophora, Tolteca (Mexico), and a Caribbean clade consisting of the genus Papiamenta Huber, 2000 (Curaçao) and Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’. First karyotype data for Tolteca (2n♂ = 13, X1X2Y and 15, X1X2Y, respectively) reveal a strong reduction of the number of chromosome pairs within the North American-Caribbean clade, and considerable karyotype differentiation among congeners. This agrees with considerable CO1 divergence among species of Tolteca but contrasts with very inconspicuous morphological divergence. Environmental niche analyses show that the widespread P. americana Banks, 1896 (western USA, SW Canada) occupies a very different niche than its Mexican congeners and other close relatives. Caribbean taxa also have a low niche overlap with ‘true’ Pholcophora and Tolteca, supporting the idea that Caribbean ‘Pholcophora’ are taxonomically misplaced.
Improving Self-Control of High School Students in Padang City (Viewed from the Perspective of Islamic Religious Education)
Authors: Batrisyia Thariyah , Rivauzi Ahmad
Published: July 2023

This study examines the improvement of self-control among high school students in Padang City: from the perspective of Islamic religious education. This research aims to explore the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers in enhancing the self-control of students in high schools in Padang City from the perspective of Islamic religious education. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that Islamic religious education teachers at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang make various efforts to improve students' self-control in the aspects of Behavior Control and Cognitive Control. In terms of Behavior Control, teachers use religious activities, character formation through the subject of faith and morals, as well as teaching the moral values of Islam. In terms of Cognitive Control, teachers apply active learning, remedial and enrichment programs, motivation, and student development. The results of this study show that the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang in improving students' self-control have had a positive impact, as students develop the ability to regulate behavior, control emotions, and make good decisions. Supporting factors in improving students' self-control include well-programmed religious activities, school and teacher support, and a conducive environment. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include academic pressure, negative peer influence, and an unsupportive environment. This research provides deeper insights and understanding of the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers in improving students' self-control in high schools in Padang City, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors that influence this process. This study can serve as a reference for further research and provide practical benefits in enhancing students' self-control through an Islamic religious education approach.
Stylistic Analysis Of William Wordsworth Poem “Three Years She Grew In Sun And Shower”
Authors: Alina Imtiaz
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to analyze William Wordsworth poem “Three years she grew in sun and shower”. This stylistic analysis focused on four levels of languages which are phonological level, graphological level, lexical level and grammatical level covering the sounds, rhyming scheme, literary devices and use of grammar. The phonological features employed in the poem were alliteration, assonance, metaphor, simile, personification, imagery and free repetition.The graphological features were use of capitalization and use of punctuation. This analysis found that Wordsworth positioned nature as essential part of life. As nature has power to educate better than all the wise. Nature was placed as a character in this poem nature is communicating with Lucy. In order to find the tools, tone, and all the other features of the poem the researcher apply the stylistic analysis method offered by Leech and Short in their works named “A linguistic guide to English poetry” in Longman (1969). This research is helpful to analyze the structure and style of Wordsworth’s poetry and his themes, views and treatment of nature.