bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building Prototypes Aggregating Musicological Datasets on the Semantic Web
Authors: Nurmikko-Fuller Terhi , Bangert Daniel , Dix Alan , Weigl David , Page Kevin
Published: June 2018

Semantic Web technologies such as RDF, OWL, and SPARQL can be successfully used to bridge complementary musicological information. In this paper, we describe, compare, and evaluate the datasets and workflows used to create two such aggregator projects: In Collaboration with In Concert, and JazzCats, both of which bring together a cluster of smaller projects containing concert and performance metadata.
Die drei Dimensionen des Dokuments und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
Authors: Salaün Jean-Michel
Published: June 2018

Das Dokument wird in seinen drei Dimensionen analysiert: die Form, der Inhalt und die Funktion der Vermittlung. Das Web wird als die Erscheinungsform einer neuen dokumentarischen Ordnung verstanden, die geeigneter ist, den Anforderungen einer tiefgreifend gewandelten Welt zu entsprechen. Apple, Google, Facebook, jede der drei Firmen setzen jeweils auf eine der drei Dokumentdimensionen. Die Informationsarchitektur lässt neue professionelle Kompetenzen entstehen, die zur unumgänglichen Erneuerung der Informationswissenschaften beitragen könnten.
Im Labyrinth
Authors: Wegmann Nikolaus
Published: June 2018

Ausgehend von der Fallstudie der Bibliotheksbenutzung durch Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wird die Operation des Suchens und Findens speziell in der Bibliothek als risikoreiches Eintreten in ein Labyrinth beschrieben. Den aktuellen Versuchen gerade auch nutzerorientierter Formalisierung des Suchprozesses wird entgegen gehalten, dass diese nicht der eigentlichen „Qualität“ der Bibliothek entsprechen. Es wird eine Bibliothekskritik gefordert, die das Operative des Findens jenseits von Recommender-Systemen und einfacher Serendipity in den Blick nimmt.
Simultaneous Increase of H2 and Gasoline Production by Optimizing Thermally Coupled Methanol Steam Reforming with Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Karimipourfard Dornaz , Nemati Nasrin , Bahrani Samaneh , Rahimpour Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2018

The worldwide growing of gaseous pollutions amount has attracted a great deal of attention for development of clean energy resources like hydrogen. Recently, methanol steam reforming (MSR) has been considered as an effective method for hydrogen production compared to other fuels for reforming. Indeed, advantages of methanol such as its good accessibility and properties like its low boiling point and low probability of coke formation as well as high hydrogen to carbon ratio encourage utilizing this substance in reforming process. Therefore, in this work, MSR as an endothermic reaction has been innovatively coupled with Fischer-Tropsch (FT) exothermic synthesis in order to enhance the yield of hydrogen and gasoline production. Presence of membrane in the proposed thermally coupled membrane reactor (TCMR) promotes H2 separation as the desired product. A homogeneous one-dimensional steady- state model was considered in the present work. Differential evolution (DE) optimization technique was used to optimize feed molar flow rates and inlet temperatures in both endothermic and exothermic reaction sides with the aim of maximizing gasoline and H2 yields (in both sides). Results show 42.1 % increase in gasoline yield production and simultaneously high H2 production yield of 68.5 % in exothermic side compared with the industrial FT reactor that is considered as conventional reactor (CR). Moreover, the suggested configuration can be considered as an energy and cost effective strategy as a result of supplying required energy for endothermic section by generated heat in the exothermic side.
Seeing Red (or Blue): How Party Identity Colors Political Cognition
Authors: Goggin Stephen N. , Theodoridis Alexander G.
Published: June 2018

Many Americans associate themselves with their political party in a deep, visceral way. Voter identification with a political party has powerful implications for not just how voters behave, but how there are exposed to and receive information about the world. We describe how this tying of one’s self-concept to a party, which can be analogous to die-hard sports fandom, plays a central role in political cognition. It leads voters identifying with the two parties to perceive the political (and even seemingly apolitical) world in dramatically different ways. We detail the psychological mechanisms by which this party identity produces these distortions and offer examples of the bias that emerges. We conclude by discussing the implications of these phenomena for perpetuating our current hyper-polarized political discourse.
The Dynamics of Voter Preferences in the 2016 Presidential Election
Authors: Weinschenk Aaron C. , Panagopoulos Costas
Published: June 2018

Using daily polling data collected during the 2016 election, we examine the impact of fundamental conditions, campaign events, media coverage, and other relevant events and announcement on preference dynamics. We observe shifts in voter preferences for president over the course of the campaign and find evidence that these dynamics can be explained by specific circumstances and conditions. Our findings reinforce the potency of fundamental conditions, like presidential approval, but they also demonstrate that political events like national nominating conventions and debates can affect preferences in meaningful and enduring ways. Importantly, our research also suggests that developments commonly perceived to have affected voter preferences in 2016, like FBI Director James Comey’s memo to Congress about Hillary Clinton’s e-mails in October, likely exerted a minimal impact on the election, at least once the impact of other factors are taken into account. In this respect, some of our findings conflict with conventional accounts of campaign dynamics in 2016.
Garavellite and associated sulphosalts from the Strieborná vein in the Rožňava ore field (Western Carpathians)
Authors: Mikuš Tomáš , Kondela Julian , Jacko Stanislav , Milovská Stanislava
Published: June 2018

The article presents the first description of a complete and continuous series from berthierite to garavellite sulphosalts in the Western Carpathians. Berthierite is a common main or accessory phase of Sb mineralizations in the Western Carpathians, and occurs at many localities and ore deposits as well. On the other side, garavellite or Bi-rich berthierite is a relatively rare accessory phase. The highest Bi content in garavellite reaches up to 38.04 wt. % which represents 0.90 apfu, and its crystallochemical formula can be written as Fe0.97Sb1.07Bi0.90S3.98. Raman band shifts were observed in the isomorphic berthierite–garavellite series. Garavellite occurs in the younger stages of sulphidic mineralization, and associates with tetrahedrite, berthierite, Bi-chalcostibite, Sb-bismuthinite, Bi-stibnite, ullmanite and cinnabarite. It creates irregular grains and veinlets in pre-existing tetrahedrite, or forms myrmekite intergrowths with chalcopyrite in tetrahedrite. Bi content in chalcostibite is up to 0.20 apfu. Besides the tetrahedrite, pre-existing sulphosalts are the members of the tintinaite–kobellite series, Bi-jamesonite and bournonite. The Sb/(Sb+Bi) ratio of minerals of the tintinaite–kobellite series varies from 0.37 to 0.80. The maximum content of Bi in jamesonite is up to 1.22 apfu. A vertical zonation at the ore vein body (mining levels 6 / 180 a.s.l., 8 / 80 a.s.l., 10 / 20 b.s.l.) is represented by the Sb decrease along with the Bi increase with increasing depth. Bi content continuously decreases during the older ore mineralization stage and Sb increases at the younger mineralization stage. Both of the stages have been enriched by Sb as well.
Profiling system for skin kallikrein proteolysis applied in gene-deficient mouse models
Authors: Horn Martin , Zbodakova Olga , Kasparek Petr , Srp Jaroslav , Haneckova Radka , Hradilek Martin , Mares Michael , Sedlacek Radislav
Published: June 2018

Kallikrein-related proteases (KLKs) play a critical role in epidermis physiology and have been implicated in skin pathologies such as Netherton syndrome. The contribution of individual KLKs to skin proteolysis is poorly understood. Monitoring of their activities in skin proteome is hampered by overlapping substrate specificities, and there is a need for novel assays. Here, we present a platform of selective and sensitive fluorogenic substrates and inhibitors for profiling KLK5, KLK7 and KLK14. These chemical tools were evaluated using recombinant KLKs and tissue from a unique set of mice deficient in eight combinations of KLKs and their natural regulator LEKTI.
One-year changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents: the Croatian Physical Activity in Adolescence Longitudinal Study (CRO-PALS)
Authors: Štefan Lovro , Sorić Maroje , Devrnja Antonela , Petrić Vilko , Mišigoj-Duraković Marjeta
Published: June 2018

Background

Little is known about the concurrent change in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sport participation (SP) during adolescence. The main purpose of this prospective and partly objective study was to simultaneously investigate PA, SBs and SP changes between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school in urban adolescents.

Methods

In this 1-year follow-up study, the participants were 81 secondary-school students (28 boys and 53 girls) aged 15.5 years at the baseline. PA was assessed with the SenseWear Armband multi-sensor activity monitor, while SBs were assessed by using School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) PA questionnaire. The SHAPES questionnaire was supplemented with two questions inquiring about SP in organized sports in school and outside of school.

Results

PA decreased markedly in both genders between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was reduced by 13 kcal/kg/day on average in boys and by 10 kcal/kg/day in girls (p for both <0.001), while mean daily active energy expenditure (AEE) decreased by 7 kcal/kg/day (p < 0.001) and 3 kcal/kg/day (p = 0.04) in boys and girls, respectively. Similarly, the amount of moderate PA declined by 49 min/day in boys and 21 min/day in girls (p for both <0.001). At the same time vigorous PA was cut by 14 min/day (p < 0.001) and 3 min/day (p = 0.003) in boys and girls, respectively. Conversely, time spent in SBs did not show any change.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a decline in PA between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school was marked but was not accompanied with an increase in SBs. Policies aimed at increasing PA should be targeting the period of entering secondary school to offset the observed drop in PA.
Counting matters: quantifying the vitality and value of Basque
Authors: Urla Jacqueline , Burdick Christa
Published: June 2018

Scholars of language policy and politics have increasingly come to appreciate that there is much insight to be gained by scrutinizing data collection practices and the debates around them. What is (or is not) counted and how counting is done has consequence, but in ways that are not always self-evident. Taking the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC) in Spain as a case study, this article examines the historical context in which census and other statistical surveys of language emerged and what the changing forms of quantification can tell us about the evolution of language advocacy discourse and politics more generally. We will look at how concerns with tracking marginalization led minority language advocates to experiment with measures of oral use and linguistic landscapes in the public sphere. The final section examines how economistic and quality management techniques have gained traction in recent efforts to quantify Basque value and vitality today. We conclude with a consideration of the insights to be gained by looking at quantification efforts from the point of view of minority language advocacy.
Centralizers of irreducible subgroups in the projective linear group
Authors: Guérin Clément
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we classify conjugacy classes of centralizers of irreducible subgroups in

PGL
⁢

(
n
,
ℂ
)

{\mathrm{PGL}(n,\mathbb{C})}

using alternate modules. When n is square-free, we prove that these conjugacy classes are classified by their isomorphism classes. More generally, we define a finite graph related to this classification whose combinatorial properties are expected to help describe the stratification of the bad locus of some character varieties.
Semi-free subgroups of a profinite surface group
Authors: Ginzburg Matan , Shusterman Mark
Published: June 2018

We show that every closed normal subgroup of infinite index in a profinite surface group Γ is contained in a semi-free profinite normal subgroup of Γ. This answers a question of Bary-Soroker, Stevenson, and Zalesskii
Improved Ni and Cd Rejection in Cellulose Acetate Mixed Matrix Membranes Coated with PVA/Fe3O4
Authors: Nouri Mohammad , Marjani Azam , Tajdari Majid , Heidary Farhad , Salimi Mahmoud
Published: June 2018

A series of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Fe3O4-coated cellulose acetate mixed matrix membranes were analyzed for Cd and Ni removal, both experimentally and theoretically. The effect of the coating layer on the metal ion rejection performance was investigated using molecular modeling approaches. Lower energy requirements for the detachment of ions from the coating layer were calculated. Our results imply that the coating layer interacts with metal ions to a much lower extent than the substrate layer does. Smaller mean square displacement data were calculated in the coating layer than in the substrate layer, which indicates a lower diffusivity of ions in the coating layer. This in turn shows the coating layer efficiently prevents ion transfer and provides higher retention/rejection. We conclude that applying a coating layer with lower Fe3O4 content would enhance the ion rejection performance of cellulose acetate mixed matrix membranes. The addition of Fe3O4 particles increases the number of active sites and the surface area, while a high content of these particles must be avoided as they may surround functional groups of polymer chains and also increase the porosity, which decreases the rejection performance of membranes.
Crystal structure of 1-heptylpyridazin-1-ium iodide, C11H19N2I
Authors: Said Musa A. , Aouad Mohamed R. , Almutairi Saud M. , Hughes David L. , Messali Mouslim
Published: June 2018

C11H19N2I, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 5.7074(3) Å, b = 8.9811(5) Å, c = 14.4312(8) Å, α = 100.989(4)°, β = 94.768(4)°, γ = 97.327(4)°, V = 715.83(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0386, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0913, T = 295(2) K.
Renewable building blocks for polyurethanes
Authors: Neff Raymond , Gajewski Agnieszka
Published: June 2018

For the past 60+ years, polyurethane chemistry has been used to make a wide variety of everyday consumer products such as mattresses, automotive interior parts and foam insulation. Today, the vast majority of polyurethane products are made entirely from petroleum. Although polyols made from natural oils have made inroads during the past decade, cost and performance, as well as the presence of a large-scale established infrastructure around petroleum-based materials, remain as barriers to significant market penetration. Promising new developments such as sugar-derived raw materials have the potential to shift the balance of cost and performance, but they are at an early stage. While not a comprehensive review of the large volume of academic literature on renewable polyurethane chemistry, this article discusses several routes to renewable, commercially viable building blocks for polyurethanes, considering both established and emerging technology.
Präventionsgesetz 2015 – Herausforderungen der Umsetzung
Authors: Rosenbrock Rolf
Published: June 2018

Das 2016 in Kraft getretene Präventionsgesetz verlangt, dass die GKV ca. 60% der insgesamt erhöhten Ressourcen für partizipative Interventionen in Betrieben und anderen Settings einsetzt. Obwohl keine gründliche Evaluation vorliegt, verweisen Zahlen und Praxisberichte auf zwei wesentliche Entwicklungsprobleme: (1) Die Setting-Interventionen erfüllen häufig nicht die Kriterien der Strukturbildung und der Partizipation. (2) Der für den Erfolg notwendigen Kooperation zwischen den Kassen sowie mit Trägern der Lebenswelten stehen überkommene Routinen und Fehlanreize entgegen.
Qualitätsentwicklung in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Kolip Petra
Published: June 2018

Derzeit existiert noch keine allgemeingültige Qualitätsdefinition, wie auch ein gemeinsamer Qualitätsrahmen für die Gesundheitsförderung noch erarbeitet werden muss. Konsens herrscht aber darüber, dass vier Dimensionen die Qualität in Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention ausmachen: Planungs-, Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden zahlreiche Instrumente und Verfahren entwickelt, um Praktikerinnen und Praktiker zu befähigen, die Qualität ihrer Angebote zu verbessern.
Gesundheitsförderung für Ältere im Stadtteil
Authors: Kühnemund Christina , Kümpers Susanne
Published: June 2018

Gesundheitsförderung für ältere Menschen im Stadtteil/Wohnquartier gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Kommunen und lokale Akteure können mit settingbezogenen Ansätzen auf vielfältige Weise mit dazu beitragen, dass Menschen im Stadtteil/Quartier gesund älter werden. Dies zeigen Forschungsergebnisse und Praxisbeispiele.
Gesundheitsförderung für Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner in der stationären Pflege
Authors: Blättner Beate
Published: June 2018

Mit dem 2015 verabschiedeten Präventionsgesetz sind Pflegekassen weitere Akteure der Gesundheitsförderung in Deutschland geworden. Sie sollen partizipative Prozesse der gesundheitsfördernden Organisationsentwicklung unterstützen, von denen Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner von Pflegeheimen profitieren können. Ein „Leitfaden Prävention in der stationären Pflege“ wurde vom GKV-Spitzenverband 2016 veröffentlicht und wird gerade überarbeitet. Die leistungsrechtlichen Regelungen führen zu einigen konzeptionellen Herausforderungen.
Ideenwettbewerb für Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen – welche Handlungsfelder werden bedient?
Authors: Brandes Iris , Castedello Udo
Published: June 2018

Die Auslobung eines niederschwelligen Ideenwettbewerbs zielte auf die Gewinnung von Best- und Good-Practice-Konzepten der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention als Transferoptionen in andere Pflegeeinrichtungen. Die Auswertung der vielen eingegangenen Ideenbeschreibungen zeigt einen möglichen weiteren Beratungs- und Unterstützungsbedarf der Einrichtungen bei den Handlungsfeldern Ernährung und Gewalt.
Prävention in der Arbeits- und Betriebsmedizin – Die Rolle des Betriebsarztes im betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement
Authors: Fischmann Wolfgang , Amler Nadja , Drexler Hans
Published: June 2018

Seit einigen Jahren haben die Themen Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) und Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement (BGM) bei Arbeitgebern zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Doch wer nimmt sich dieser Aufgabenfelder eigentlich an? Aufgrund seines medizinischen Fachwissens erscheint der Arbeitsmediziner geradezu prädestiniert für diese Aufgabe. Die Praxis zeigt jedoch, dass dies nur selten der Fall ist und auch nicht unbedingt gewünscht wird. Nichtsdestotrotz erscheint eine konstruktive Zusammenarbeit mit dem Betriebsarzt bzw. das Einholen arbeitsmedizinischer Expertise in den Bereichen BGF und BGM äußerst sinnvoll.
Bewegungsfreundliche Kommune am Beispiel der Gesundheitsregionenplus in Bayern
Authors: Bödeker Malte , Bucksch Jens
Published: June 2018

In den bayerischen Gesundheitsregionenplus werden lokale Akteure der Gesundheitsförderung und -versorgung sowohl untereinander als auch mit angrenzenden Kommunalressorts und Politikfeldern vernetzt, um Maßnahmen in unterschiedlichen Settings zu koordinieren und integrierte kommunale Gesundheitsstrategien zu entwickeln. In der bewegungsfreundlichen Kommunalentwicklung kommt dieser ressortübergreifenden Kooperation eine Schlüsselrolle zu.
Interkulturelle Gesundheitsförderung bei Migrantinnen – Ärztliche Aufklärung, Information und Beratung mit Schwerpunkt sexuelle und reproduktive Gesundheit
Authors: Klapp Christine , Fries Julia , Kramer Heike , Mais Andrea
Published: June 2018

Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund haben viele Fragen zum Thema Körper und Gesundheit. Sie sind besonders interessiert an sexueller und reproduktiver Gesundheit, oft kombiniert mit allgemeinärztlichen Themen wie Diabetes, Adipositas und Krebsprävention. Den eigenen Körper kennen, schätzen und schützen lernen und dieses Wissen generationenübergreifend in die Familie zu geben, ist das Ziel der präventiven Gespräche, die von der Ärztlichen Gesellschaft zur Gesundheitsförderung, www.aeggf.de angeboten werden und sich insbesondere an Migrantinnen richten.
Präventionsberichterstattung: Aktuelle Entwicklungen, zukünftige Aufgaben
Authors: Jordan Susanne , Diederichs Claudia , Perlitz Hanna , Wienecke Antje , Ziese Thomas , Starker Anne
Published: June 2018

Die Präventionsberichterstattung (PBE) dient der datenbasierten Bedarfsermittlung von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung (PGF) und der Beobachtung von Präventionsmaßnahmen. Die Komplexität von PGF erfordert Daten, welche die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung, Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren, Verhalten und Verhältnisse sowie Art, Verbreitung und die Qualitätsaspekte von PGF abbilden. Die PBE ist in Deutschland in Bund und Ländern im Aufbau und hat durch das Präventionsgesetz einen wichtigen Impuls erhalten.
Das Rezept für Bewegung als Maßnahme ärztlicher Prävention
Authors: Loss Julika , Sauter Alexandra , Curbach Janina
Published: June 2018

Ärztliche Empfehlungen können Patienten motivieren, sich mehr körperlich zu bewegen. Um die Verbindlichkeit von Empfehlungen zu erhöhen, existieren in vielen Ländern Programme, die Rezepte für Bewegung oder Überweisungen in Sportangebote beinhalten. Auch in vielen deutschen Bundesländern gibt es das „Rezept für Bewegung“, mit dem Ärzte ihre Patienten an lokale Gesundheitssport-Angebote vermitteln können. Die Nutzung dieses Rezepts ist derzeit v.a. durch strukturelle Barrieren eingeschränkt.
Numerically statistical simulation of the intensity field of the radiation transmitted through a random medium
Authors: Ambos Andrey Yu. , Mikhailov Gennadii A.
Published: June 2018

The radiation transfer through random media of three different types was simulated numerically and statistically with the same one-dimensional distributions and correlation radii. The averaged probabilities of passages of quanta and their angular distributions practically coincide, although the calculations of correlation radii and visualizations of the corresponding brightness fields give slightly distinct results. In the calculations we used the methods of ‘double randomization’ and ‘delta-scattering’ and also statistical nuclear estimates.
Modelling the Azov Sea circulation and extreme surges in 2013-2014 using the regularized shallow water equations
Authors: Saburin Dmitry S. , Elizarova Tatiana G.
Published: June 2018

A new model for calculation of circulation in shallow water basins is created based on the shallow water equations taking into account the Coriolis force and quadratic friction on the bottom. Wind effects are taken into account as forcing. The main feature of the model is a new numerical method based on regularized shallow water equations allowing one to construct the simple and sufficiently accurate numerical algorithms possessing a number of advantages over existing methods. The paper provides a detailed description of all construction steps of the model.

The developed model was implemented for the water area of the Azov Sea. The paper presents the modelling of extreme surges in March 2013 and September 2014, the results of calculations are compared with observation data of hydrometeorological stations in Taganrog and Yeysk.
Two-dimensional projection Monte Carlo estimators for the study of angular characteristics of polarized radiation
Authors: Tracheva Natalya V. , Ukhinov Sergey A.
Published: June 2018

The paper presents a Monte Carlo algorithm for the study of bidirectional angular characteristics of a scattered polarized radiation based on projection expansion of the density of the corresponding angular distribution over hemispherical harmonics. The results of numerical estimation of two-dimensional angular distributions of the intensity and the polarization degree of the radiation passed through and reflected from optically thick layers of scattering and absorbing substance are presented.
I Call That A Bargain
Authors: Tribble, MD Curt
Published: June 2018

To paraphrase the lyrics of a song by Matchbox Twenty (“It’s 3AM, I must be lonely”), it’s 3 AM, I must be on a Lear jet. We’re heading out to get a pair of lungs for a transplant. It’s pitch black out tonight, and there’s small rain falling. At least it’s not ice or snow, which we’ve heard is falling to the north of us. I am glad that we’ll be heading south on this run. These organ procurement runs tend to violate one of the basic safety rules of flying, which is to avoid, whenever possible, being required to fly. The edgy flights tend to stick in one’s mind, of course. I’ve flown, literally, into a hurricane (Isaac), slid around on icy runways in Michigan and New York, and landed at the same mountaintop airport that was featured in the movie ‘We Are Marshall’ (which recounted the story of the fatal crash of a plane carrying Marshall University’s football team back from a game in North Carolina). I have one of my splendid surgery residents with me. We settle in for the ride south.  There’ll be time for a nap, if I can get comfortable. But, I’m awake now, and I’m reminded of the overall mission that we are on. Inevitably, I find myself reflecting on my three decades as a transplanter of hearts and lungs and recalling some of my most memorable patients and the lessons I have learned from them and their families. Memories and lessons that will always be with me.
Current perspectives regarding the application and incorporation of silver nanoparticles into dental biomaterials
Authors: Şuhani Mihai Flaviu , Băciuţ Grigore , Băciuţ Mihaela , Şuhani Raluca , Bran Simion
Published: June 2018

Introduction: The key idea of nanotechnology is to construct and preserve functional structures by means of exploiting atoms and molecules. Nanotechnology has proven to be crucial in pharmacological medicine, tissue engineering, clinical diagnosis, long term conservation of biological tissues in a cryogenic state, protein detection, tumor destruction and magnetic resonance imaging.The aim of this paper is to review the literature on the specific characteristics of nanostructured materials, their applications and advantages that they bring to dentistry.Method. We conducted an electronic scientific database research that included PubMed, Cochrane and Medline. The following keywords were used: nanotechnology, nanodentistry and silver nanoparticles. Initially 1650 original articles were retrieved from the  these mentioned international databases, which were screened in detail. We included literature reviews that dealt with the comprehensive applications of nanostructured particles and silver nanoparticles in particular, in all fields of contemporary dentistry. Case reports, clinical trials, editorials and opinion letters were excluded in the first phase of our research. Fifty two articles met all the selection criteria and were ultimately selected and reviewed.Results. Nanotechnology deals with the production of various types of nanomaterials with potential applications in the field of biomedicine. Silver nanoparticles have the capacity to eliminate dental caries producing bacteria or repair teeth enamel with signs of dental decay. Nanodentistry will allow better oral health by use of nanostructured materials. Treatment opportunities that nanotechnology has to offer in contemporary dentistry include local anesthesia, permanent treatment of dental hypersensitivity, orthodontic and oral health care with nanorobotic dentifrice.Conclusion. The studies that we reviewed are largely in favor of nanotechnology and nanostructured materials, highlighting their qualities and enhancements they bring to the field of dentistry. Although many of these products that benefit from silver nanoparticles properties are still expensive and exclusive, we can foresee major improvements and demand regarding dental biomaterials with nanoparticles incorporated in the near future.
The prevalence of obesity and overweight in Northeastern Iran
Authors: Saadatifar Hakimeh , Ostadimoghaddam Hadi , Khoshhal Fahimeh , Jabbari-Azad Frida , Mohazzab-Torabi Saman , Yekta Abbasali , Khabazkhoob Mehdi
Published: June 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess obesity and overweight by WHO criteria in Mashhad, Iran.

Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on 4453 people from Mashhad in 2009. Comprehensive data of age, height, weight, education, and marriage was collected. Overweight and obesity were calculated according to the body mass index (BMI).

Results: A total of 1828 participants entered study, of whom 70.4% were women. The mean age of the population was 39.8±13.5 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 36.5% (95% CI 34.3-38.6) and 16.9% (95% CI 15.1-18.8), respectively. The prevalence of overweight was 39.0% in men and 35.4% in women which increased significantly by age (P<0.001 & OR=1.055). The prevalence of obesity in men and women was 12.3% and 18.9% respectively which showed women had a significantly higher risk (P<0.001). The risk of overweight and obesity was higher in married but lower in educated people.

Conclusion: This study showed a rapid increase in obesity and overweight, especially in women, in Mashhad population as a sample of the Iranian society. Attention to preventive and education plans should be the priority of health policies.
Measuring bank efficiency and market power in the household and corporate credit markets considering credit risks
Authors: Hosszú Zsuzsanna , Dancsik Bálint
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to estimate the efficiency of Hungarian banks with several models and to calculate the Lerner index for both the household and the corporate credit market. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to estimate the efficiency and calculate profit and cost efficiency with and without taking credit losses into consideration. In terms of cost efficiency, banks are nearly homogeneous and improved their efficiency after the crisis. Banks, however, are extremely heterogeneous in terms of profit efficiency. During the crisis, a gradual improvement could be observed across the sector after the initial downturn. Since the operating conditions of the household and the corporate credit markets are different, we estimated the intensity of competition separately for both the markets. While the Lerner index showed strong market power in the household credit market, the corporate credit market was characterised by intense competition. Regarding efficiency, various models often resulted in different conclusions, especially in the case of cost efficiency. Therefore we recommend that the regulatory decision-making process should always consider the results of several models. Moreover, the Lerner indices demonstrate that it might be important to use disaggregated models when modelling the features of credit markets.
Management of defective works in infrastructure projects
Authors: Gashi E.
Published: June 2018

Constructing a new building or any other civil engineering project from scratch is a challenge for the construction industry as novelty designs may be produced by designers but they are often constructed by low skilled labor on site. The unique and sometimes complex nature of the construction sector arises because a large number of different professional groups have different interests and requirements, which often conflict with one another. In principle, each construction company aims to construct a project without any defects from the very first activity on site right up to final completion. This aim is almost impossible to achieve throughout the entire construction duration because of many factors, including: low skilled labor, difficult site conditions, and incomplete designs, varying quality cultures in each company, poor communication and poor management. Therefore, construction defects are things which we can assume to have occurred on the site. Defects occurring during the construction process are sometimes costly and preventable mistakes. Research has shown that correcting defective components that are identified late in the construction process or during the maintenance period accounts for approximately 15% of the total construction costs. This paper presents a case study of the defects that occurred during a motorway construction project as a consequence of poor workmanship by an untrained workforce and it aims to raise awareness of the need for on-the-job training for quality managers in order to minimize defective works and reduce the project costs spent on correcting them. It also identifies the various factors that cause construction defects and suggests measures that can be taken to reduce them.
Analysis of the normal tension values in the contact zone and on the fillets of the basic toothed gear pairs as a function of the change of the module
Authors: Bodzás S.
Published: June 2018

In our publication, more than one basic toothed gear pairs have been designed and modelled. Normal tension dispersions – appearing in the contact zone of the drive pair – and their measure on contact tooth surfaces have been analyzed by the effect of a given moment load. During designing the numbers of the teeth of the gear pairs have been chosen equal, but the modules of the pairs have been different. We analyze how normal tension values form on the tooth surfaces of the gears in the contact zone of the tooth and on their root zone as a function of the change of the module in the case of the same meshing method, loads and boundary conditions.
Thermal bridges in building envelopes – An overview of impacts and solutions
Authors: Alhawari A. , Mukhopadhyaya P.
Published: June 2018

Increasing building energy performance has become an obligatory objective in many countries. Thermal bridge is a major cause of poor energy performance, durability, and indoor air quality of buildings. This paper starts with a review of thermal bridges and their negative impacts on building energy efficiency. Based on published literatures, various types of building thermal bridges are discussed in this paper, including the most effective solutions to diminish their impacts. In addition, various numerical and experimental studies on the balcony thermal bridge are explored. Results show that among all types of thermal bridges, the exposed balcony slab produces the most challenging thermal bridging problem where an integrated thermal and structural design is required. Using low thermal conductivity materials in building construction could help in reducing the impact of thermal bridges. Finally, further investigations are needed to develop more innovative and effective solutions for the balcony thermal bridge.
Prevention of summer overheating of buildings with added convex windows
Authors: Kerekes A. , Rácz Cs. , Dobos A. Cs.
Published: June 2018

When renovating an existing building, keeping the original window and installing added convex window is beneficial for the reduction of heating energy demand. This solution is free of the disposal and/or recycling of demolition waste. In the summer season as far as the transparent structures of the building are concerned, in general, heat protection has to be used. In the case of the added convex window, it can be provided by the external air curtain mode; the movable shading device is in the buffer zone. This is a well-protected place for it, so that it can be as simple and cheap as an inner shading device. In this article examinations of the efficiency of the external air curtain mode for the heat protection is presented. The summer overheating has been analysed in two experimental huts. It has been proven that simple shading device in added convex window tempers the summer overheating as efficiently as the combination of usual window and external shading device (which is exposed to heavy weather effects and is difficult to maintain).
Energetic investigation of energy recovery technologies in air handling units
Authors: Al-Hyari L. F. , Kassai M.
Published: June 2018

The statistical data show that the application of active cooling is spread widely in residential and commercial buildings. In these buildings, the ventilation is significantly increased in the whole energy consumption. There are similar problems in the operation of post-insulation of existing buildings. In this case, the energy consumption of the ventilation system gives a major proportion of the whole building services energy consumption. The opportuneness of this research shows that the actual available calculation procedures and technical designing data are only rough approximations for analyzing the energy consumption of air handling units and the energy saved by the integrated heat or energy recovery units. There are not exact methods and unequivocal technical data. In previous researches, the production and development companies have not investigated the effectiveness of the energy recovery units under difference ambient air conditions and the period of defrost cycle when the heat recovery can only partly operate under difference ambient air temperatures. During this term, a re-heater has to fully heat up the ambient cold air to the temperature of supplied air and generate the required heating demand to provide the necessary indoor air temperature.
Thermal comfort analysis in office buildings with different air-conditioning systems
Authors: Szabo J. , Kajtar L.
Published: June 2018

It is a prime aim to ensure a suitable comfort level in case of office buildings. The productivity of office employees is directly influenced by the comfort. Thermal discomfort and poor indoor air quality deteriorate the intensity and quality of human work. We investigated the comfort in office buildings with on-site measurements during the summer season. The office buildings were operating with different HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning) systems: ducted fan-coil with suspended ceiling, installation, non-ducted fan-coil with floor-mounted installation, active chilled beam with fresh air supply.

We evaluated the thermal comfort under PMV (Predicted Mean Vote), PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied), the local discomfort based on DR (Draught Rate) and the IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) based on carbon dioxide concentration. The comfort measurements were evaluated. The measurements were evaluated with scientific research methods, comfort categories based on the requirements of CR 1752. The results of this comparison were presented in this article.
Transpired solar collectors in building service engineering: Combined system operation and special applications
Authors: Bokor B. , Kajtár L.
Published: June 2018

One of the easiest ways to integrate renewable sources of energy into the heat producing system of a building is the application of transpired solar collectors. They are widespread in North America, where air heating is a common heating alternative, but they are gaining bigger share in the European solar thermal market nowadays. Their simple construction, maintenance-free operation and high working efficiency result in low capital and operating costs. The combination of TSC with other system elements results in additional benefits. Preheating the combustion air of large-scale boilers results in the increase of boiler efficiency and thus the reduction of natural gas consumption and CO2 emission. Whether to choose TSC or heat recovery unit for a certain air conditioning system has to be investigated by examining efficiency-influencing factors of both systems. Besides solar air heating, transpired solar air collectors can reduce the cooling demand on a building. Roof ventilation and nocturnal radiant cooling are two alternatives, which are being presented in the current paper.
Derek Pardue. 2015. Cape Verde, Let’s Go: Creole Rappers and Citizenship in Portugal
Authors: Harte Colin
Published: June 2018

Derek Pardue. 2015. Cape Verde, Let’s Go: Creole Rappers and Citizenship in Portugal. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. 192pp. ISBN 978-0-252-08117-0 (pbk). $25.
Hip Hop Activism
Authors: Guissemo Manuel Armando
Published: June 2018

From its inception in the late 1980s to the present day, hip hop culture in Mozambique underwent several stages in which the process of “keeping it real” was in constant negotiation with the association of the Global Hip Hop Nation (GHHN), and its local cultural and linguistic elements. This article, using tropes of temporality as the main framework, discusses how relocalization of the GHHN is constructed in Mozambican hip hop. There is a progressive connection between the past, present and future which is highlighted by local rappers. The article argues that Mozambican hip hop activism is built through acts of engagement in political tropes, in which local rappers are acting as spokesmen of the marginalized population through lyrics that claim citizenship. The political discourses produced during the Frelimo’s socialist governance era are rescued to challenge the liberal politics developed in the present democratic period, which, in large part, is contested by the population at the margin of the development. Therefore, local rappers’ lyrics address popular complaints related to some political decisions that negatively affect the population at the margins and lead to general societal malfunction. The local African languages that were ideologically marginalized since the colonial regime are now being rescued by local rappers as a way to contextualize them into contemporary, metropolitan and transnational languages. This linguistic relocalization indexes a new present and an aspiration for a different future, where these languages will be inserted together with Portuguese to allow communication in urban spaces. This engagement by rappers can be perceived as acts of linguistic citizenship.
Towards a Hip Hop Pedagogy of Discomfort
Authors: Chetty Darren , Turner Patrick
Published: June 2018

In this article, we offer philosophical reflections on our participation in a hip hop network and seminar series, UK HipHopEd, where British hip hop artists, activists and educators meet to deliberate over the politics of their work. We analyse this dialogic cultural space with reference to Megan Boler’s notion of a “pedagogy of discomfort”. We argue that the productive tension of the seminars owes much to the diversity of the participants. We discuss how these participants, despite a common interest in hip hop, may have to bridge epistemological and ontological divides in order to understand and accept each other. We examine how dialogue can founder on intransigence and dogmatism when discomfort becomes too difficult to tolerate. We conclude that these reflexive encounters can, however, cultivate a willingness to “stay with” discomfort. This, we insist, opens up new educational and activist horizons within and beyond UK HipHopEd, which are alive to transformative encounters.
Amusia and its electrophysiological correlates in neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Cota Bruno Cézar Lage , Fonseca João Gabriel Marques , Rodrigues Luiz Oswaldo Carneiro , Rezende Nilton Alves de , Batista Pollyanna Barros , Riccardi Vincent Michael , Resende Luciana Macedo de
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Auditory processing deficits are common in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and they often report difficulties in musical performance. Objective: We investigated whether NF1 could be associated with amusia as well as with some impairment of primary auditory cortex activity. Methods: Eighteen people with NF1 and 22 healthy volunteers, matched for age, sex and educational level, were evaluated with the Montreal Battery Evaluation of Amusia – short version. The integrity of cortical primary auditory processing areas was evaluated by evoked potential mismatch negativity. Results: Amusia was correlated with NF1 (p = 0.001, odds ratio = 42.0, confidence interval 4.5–39.6). Patients with NF1 exhibited a greater prevalence of amusia than healthy controls (67% vs. 4.5%) and difficulties in both melodic and temporal music perception. Worse performance on the Montreal Battery Evaluation of Amusia was correlated with a greater mismatch negativity latency in NF1 group. Conclusions: Amusia is a common feature in NF1 and may result from impairment of activity in primary auditory processing areas.
Translation, linguistic and cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Radboud Oral Motor Inventory for Parkinson's Disease – ROMP questionnaire
Authors: Presotto Monia , Olchik Maira Rozenfeld , Kalf Johanna G. , Rieder Carlos R.M.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To translate and linguistically and culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese, and verify the reliability and validity of the Radboud Oral Motor Inventory for Parkinson's Disease (ROMP). Methods: The ROMP was translated and retranslated, and the instrument reliability was verified by analyzing the internal consistency and the reproducibility of the intra-examiner retest. The final version was applied to 27 participants with Parkinson's disease. Results: Internal consistency was 0.99 for the total ROMP and 0.96 to 0.99 for the three domains. Intraclass correlation coefficients for reproducibility were 0.99 for the total ROMP and 0.93 to 0.99 for the subscales. The ROMP and its subscales correlated substantially with the Likert-type scale, as well as with the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale II and III items. Conclusion: The linguistic and cultural equivalence of the ROMP in Brazilian Portuguese is now available, with excellent reliability and validity.
Longitudinal analysis of verbal episodic memory in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Boa Izadora Nogueira Fonte , Rimkus Carolina de Medeiros , Campanholo Kenia Repiso , Pereira Samira Luisa Apóstolos , Junqueira Thiago de Faria , Machado Melissa de Almeida Rodrigues , Callegaro Dagoberto , Otaduy Maria Concepción García , Leite Claudia da Costa , Miotto Eliane Correa
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: A 4.5-year follow-up study was conducted to characterize baseline verbal episodic memory (VEM) and its behavior and to assess the effects of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) on this domain. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with RRMS underwent two neuropsychological assessments performed an average of 4.5 years apart. Twenty-six control participants underwent a single neuropsychological assessment. A significance level of p < 0.005 was adopted to denote a significant difference between the groups on the Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon paired statistical analyses. Results: No statistical difference was found in the results of the VEM tests between the first and second neuropsychological assessments of the patients. However, a statistical difference was evident between the patient and control groups in the results of the VEM tests. Conclusion: The patient group showed changes in the VEM relative to the control group. After approximately 4.5 years of disease, the patient performance on the VEM stabilized or improved.