bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Needs Assessment of Emergency Department Residents in Examining and Managing Patients with Ophthalmologic Complaints
Authors: Wang Kaidi , Williams Sarah R. , Chong Ian , Fredrick Douglas R.
Published: June 2019

Purpose Emergency medicine residents are trained to deal with a variety of emergency conditions; eye emergencies represent only a small portion of their clinical experience. This study was a targeted needs assessment of the comfort level of emergency medicine residents in diagnosing and managing patients who present with an ophthalmic chief complaint, with the goal of targeting future educational interventions.

Methods This was a cross sectional survey conducted at a large tertiary-care hospital between June 2016 and August 2016. Participants were 1st, 2nd, or 3rd year emergency medicine residents in an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-approved emergency medicine residency.

Results The total response rate was 67.4% (29/43). The majority of residents did not expect equivalent availability of ophthalmology consultation services post-graduation. They generally believed ophthalmology and examination skills to be important to their future career and became more comfortable with the slit lamp exam through residency, although the average level of comfort was only 6.9 on a 1 to 10 scale for 3rd year residents (standard deviation [SD] = 2.6). A majority of residents were not confident with their diagnostic, examination, or management skills when queried about specific ophthalmic conditions or presenting symptoms. They indicated a variety of reasons why their comfort with ophthalmologic patients was limited.

Conclusion There is both need and desire for increased ophthalmic skills training for emergency medicine residents. Given time constraints in residency training, possible solutions will need to be innovative and multifaceted in order to target this goal.
Chemotaxis in a binary mixture of active and passive particles
Authors: Stürmer Julian , Seyrich Maximilian , Stark Holger
Published: June 2019

Mixtures of active and passive colloids show an intriguing dynamics of self-assembling, which is driven by the active component. Self-phoretic active colloids generate sinks in a chemical concentration field that cause passive colloids to drift toward active colloids by diffusiophoresis. The strength of this effective attraction is governed by the diffusiophoretic parameter, which determines the drift velocity. Simulating the Langevin dynamics of the colloids, we determine the state diagram for increasing diffusiophoretic strength and fixed active velocity. Three main states are distinguished. For weak attraction, passive particles are first scattered in the simulation box and then form a colloidal cloud around its center. Increasing the diffusiophoretic parameter further, passive particles oscillate between the cloud and a compact cluster, which embeds active colloids. Ultimately, in the third state, all particles collapse into a single stable cluster. In the collapse regime, the clustering dynamics of the largest cluster follows a logistic function and the mean cluster velocity vs cluster size decays with a power law. Throughout this article, we discuss our simulation results with regard to the experiments of Singh et al., Adv. Mater. 29(32), 1701328 (2017).
Stimulated activity in the neural tissue
Authors: Shneider Mikhail N. , Pekker Mikhail
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a short selective tutorial on the processes in neurons and neural tissue, such as saltatory excitation transfer in myelinated axons, nonsynaptic propagation of excitation from one activated neuron to the nearest neighbors (ephaptic coupling), and their mathematical descriptions. All these processes are associated with charging the active axon membrane to a potential difference exceeding the threshold, due to currents in the extracellular and intracellular media, resulting in the initiation of action potentials. Also, the issues of control of the activity of nervous tissue in external microwave or ultrasonic fields are considered. It is shown that such an effect can be a result of the action potential activation threshold changing, caused by the forced redistribution of the unbounded transmembrane protein ion channels.
On the dispersion and damping of kinetic and inertial Alfvén waves in Cairns distributed plasmas
Authors: Ayaz S. , Khan Imran A. , Murtaza G.
Published: June 2019

Dispersion and damping of kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) and inertial Alfvén waves (IAWs) are studied for the electron-ion Cairns distributed plasmas in the framework of kinetic theory. The phase velocities and damping rates of KAWs and IAWs are evaluated for different values of nonthermal parameter Λ. It is shown that the phase velocities of both the waves are enhanced as Λ increases. In the case of damping, it is found that the damping of KAWs becomes smaller for larger values of Λ, whereas for IAWs, the magnitude of damping first increases and then decreases as perpendicular wavelength increases. These shifts in damping may find fruitful applications in the heating processes in space plasmas.
Structural and electronic optimization of ring-graphene cathodes and their field emission properties
Authors: Shao Xiuyuan , Ang Wei Kean , Balamuniappan Pranesh , Khursheed Anjam
Published: June 2019

Cold field emission sources are capable of providing highly coherent and bright electron beams. However, they suffer from some well-known practical difficulties that have prevented their widespread use: unmanageably stringent ultrahigh vacuum requirements, relatively large current instabilities, and rapid emission decays in periods as short as 1–2 h, requiring regular flashing (Joule heating). This paper presents the microfabrication and a successful emission test of a micron-sized concentric ring-graphene cathode cold field emitter, without any observable wall collapse. The cathode is designed to have a nanometer size ring-edge, while its radius can measure several microns or larger, providing stable electron emission under high vacuum conditions. The turn-on electric field of a ring-cathode source can be dramatically lowered by introducing a thin layer of nickel nanoparticles by an in-situ focused ion beam process. The dependence of field enhancement on the anode-cathode distance and the ring-cathode radius has been systematically studied.
Electric field control of the semiconductor-metal transition in two dimensional CuInP2S6/germanene van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Zhu Ziye , Chen Xiaofang , Li Wenbin , Qi Jingshan
Published: June 2019

We propose a van der Waals heterostructure CuInP2S6/germanene by combining two dimensional ferroelectric semiconductor CuInP2S6 with germanene. By density functional theory calculations, we find that the metal-semiconductor transition can be realized in the CuInP2S6/germanene heterostructure by controlling the ferroelectric polarization direction. CuInP2S6 induces the sublattice imbalance of germanene by interface interaction and thus makes it become a normal semiconductor. Then, two opposite ferroelectric polarization states in CuInP2S6/germanene lead to a different band alignment and finally determine its metallic or semiconductor properties. Large transition barriers from ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phases ensure its stability at room temperature. This is a pure electric field controlled metal-semiconductor transition, which has great application potential for exploring nonvolatile ferroelectric switches and memory devices.
New calculations reveal van der Waals dispersion contributions of H2-H system
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: May 2019

Using finite-field calculations at the unrestricted coupled-cluster level, researchers characterize dipole of H 2 -H system with high accuracy.
Physical vapor deposition technique reveals polyamorphism of an organic glass
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: June 2019

Researchers find liquid-liquid transition, low dielectric constants and low loss contributions in samples of vapor-deposited 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.
Corrigendum to: Porcine bile powder supplementation of a high fat broiler diet in relation to growth performance and nutrient digestion
Authors: Lammasak Kanokporn , Kijpakorn Suwanna , Angkanaporn Kris
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of pig bile powder supplementation on the digestibility of nutrients, fat digestion and growth performance of starter broilers fed on a high fat diet. A total of 1110, day-old, male broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into six treatment groups with five replicates per treatment. The chicks were fed on a corn-soybean meal basal diet with a starter formulation until Day 14, followed by a grower formulation until Day 21. In group 1 (T1), the basal diet contained 30 g/kg crude palm oil whereas the diet used in group 2 (T2) had 60 g/kg crude palm oil. Chicks in group 3 (T3) were fed on T2 diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg soy lecithin as the positive control. Chicks in groups 4–6 (T4–T6) received diets used in T2, supplemented with 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg lyophilised pig bile powder, respectively. On Days 4, 7, 14 and 21, chicks were killed, portal blood was collected and analysed for fatty acids, pancreas collected for measurement of pancreatic lipase activity, bile and jejunal contents for bile acid determination and ileal content for determining digestibility of fat and protein. The results showed (1) there was no difference in bodyweight and feed intake among T2–T6, (2) pancreatic lipase activity of chicks in T4 and T5 was highest in all periods. Total bile acid concentrations in the gall bladder and jejunum in T4 was lower than those in T2 in all periods, and Days 4 and 7, respectively, (3) digestibility of protein and fat in T3 and T4 was higher in all the period than that of T2, T5 and T6, (4) increased fat content in the diet did not cause a significant increase in any fatty acids in the portal plasma when compared T1 and T2. In conclusion, 2.5 g/kg porcine bile powder supplemented in high fat diet increased pancreatic lipase activity and total bile acid concentrations in gall bladder, resulting in increased ileal digestibility of fat and protein.
On maximality in Mandarin possessives
Authors: Wang Chyan-an Arthur
Published: June 2019

The possessive construction in Mandarin is similar to English prenominal possessives except that maximality is
presupposed only for cases involving inherently relational nouns. In this paper, I adopt the hypothesized split of argument and
modifier genitives proposed by Partee & Borschev (2001, 2003) and argue that modifier-genitives can occur NP-internally in Mandarin possessives, whose appearance
is restricted to cases with non-relational nouns. The discrepancy of the maximality presupposition observed in Mandarin can thus
be captured since non-relational nouns can have a split of interpretations between argument and modifier genitives, resulting in a
non-maximality reading.
Current-induced picosecond magnetization dynamics in a Ta/CoFeB/MgO hall bar
Authors: Spicer T M , Durrant C J , Keatley P S , Kruglyak V V , Chen W , Xiao G , Hicken R J
Published: June 2019

Time-resolved Kerr microscopy (TRSKM) has been used to explore the small amplitude picosecond magnetization dynamics induced by spin–orbit torques in a Ta(4 nm)/Co40Fe40B20(1 nm)/MgO(1.6 nm)/Ta(1 nm) Hall bar structure. The time dependent polar magneto optical Kerr effect was recorded following injection of a current pulse of 70 ps duration. Macrospin simulations provide a reasonable description of the precession and a transient background response as the field strength and current polarity are varied, while confirming that the in-plane spin–orbit torque is dominant within this system. Increasing the current density within the simulations leads to coherent magnetization reversal. Inclusion of a modest in-plane bias field is found to reduce both the switching current and the time required for switching. The orientation of the in-plane field relative to the direction of the current determines whether the magnetization can be switched backwards and forwards by current pulses of the same or opposite polarity.
Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients
Authors: Stannarius Ralf , Trittel Torsten , Klopp Christoph , Eremin Alexey , Harth Kirsten , Clark Noel A , Park Cheol S , Maclennan Joseph E
Published: June 2019

Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature inhomogeneities can exhibit remarkable thermocapillary (Marangoni) effects. The temperature dependence of the surface tension

σ
(
T
)

promotes flow in the film plane, convection roll patterns, and climbing of smectic layers against gravitational forces. We discuss several experimental geometries where macroscopic material transport is driven by temperature gradients, including experiments under normal gravity and observations in microgravitation during suborbital rocket flights and on the International Space Station. In all these experiments, the temperature dependence of the surface tension drives unidirectional material flow. The divergence of this flow near the hot and cold film edges, and at the boundaries of film islands in the film, is associated with the creation, motion and removal of dislocations. These dissipative processes limit the flow velocity.
Numerical simulation of the mathematical model of treated Schistosomiasis spread
Authors: Alfianto A. , Ratianingsih R. , Hajar
Published: May 2019

Schistosomiasis is one of infectious disease caused by a trematoda or blood worm, classified as Schistosoma genus. One species of Schistosoma genus that endemically exist in Napu valley, Besoa and Lindu highland Central Sulawesi Indonesia is Schistosoma Japonicum. This paper governs a mathematical model that represents the Schistosomiasis spread which consider praziquantel as a treatment that given to the infected human. The SI model is addapted to the human population, besides the Schistosoma Japonicum life cycle. The oncomelania hupensis lindoensis growth is assumed to follow the logistic growth model. The stability of the governed model is analyzed by the Jacobian matrix at the critical points. There an unstable disease free and a stable endemic critical point. The stability is guaranteed by the existence requirement of the critical point that is the recruitment rate parameter. Another requirement parameter to be needed is the death rate of the mature worm. The research result also shows that the using of 60 mg doses of praziquantel, to the infected human subpopulation, indicates the reduction of the number of both infected human and the mature worm. We also come to the bifurcation point B = μS
where the system gives a different characteristic.
Application of Large Neighborhood Search method in solving a dynamic dial-a-ride problem with money as an incentive
Authors: Adawiyah R , Satria Y , Burhan H
Published: May 2019

A Dynamic Dial-a-Ride Problem with Money as an Incentive (DARP-M) is a problem of finding optimal route to serve requests demand which uses taxi-sharing system with cost constraint. Taxi-sharing is a system where individual customer share vehicle with other customers, who has the same or similar origin, destination, and travel time. The optimal solution is the solution that can minimize the cost of each trip request. This study discusses DARP-M to optimize the use of taxi-sharing. The search for the DARP-M solution in this research uses the insertion heuristic method for construction of initial solution and the large neighborhood search method for the optimal solution determination. Then, the experiment uses three times periods, from which the experiment result shows the large neighborhood search method can minimize customers travel cost up to 27.40 % less than the cost of private rides.
Extension of floating-point filters to absolute and relative errors for numerical computation
Authors: Ohta Yuki , Ozaki Katsuhisa
Published: May 2019

Although numerical computation is very fast, however, the results may not be accurate due to the accumulation of rounding errors. Consequently, much research has focussed on ways to verifying the accuracy of approximate solutions. Floating-point filters are one such technique. These can, for example, be used to guarantee the signs of computed results, such as those of the matrix determinants that are so important in the computational geometry field. In this paper, we extend floating-point filters to guarantee absolute and relative errors.
Heterogeneous Weibull count distribution
Authors: Karina Tania M , Nurrohmah Siti , Fithriani Ida
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we present a generalized model for count data based upon an assumed Weibull interarrival times. Weibull interarrival times could handle overdispersed data with shape parameter 0 < c < 1, and underdispersed data with c > 1, and is reduced as exponential when c = 1. Weibull count model will be obtained by Taylor expansion and convolution method. By mixing, we obtain heterogeneous Weibull count model. Finally, we fit this model and several other models to non-equidispersed data and show that this model fit the data better than Poisson.
The γ - Dimension of Images the Integral Staircase
Authors: Wibowo S , Kurniawan V Y , Siswanto
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we have proved that the integral staircase function defined in the γ-dimensional compact set F satisfies the bi-Lipschitz condition of order

α
∈
(
0
,
1
)

and as a consequence, the image of the integral staircase function does not preserve γ-dimension of its domain.
Stability and persistence analysis on the epidemic model multiregion multi-patches
Authors: Imron Chairul , Hariyanto  , Yunus Mahmud , Surjanto Sentot D. , Dewi Nihaya A. C.
Published: May 2019

Spread of the virus can also occur between cities, countries and continents including the spread of H1N1 pandemic in 2009, the virus H7N9 that once plagued the plains of China, Virus Ebolla 2014 outbreak in the peninsula mainland West Africa, In this paper Mathematical model is constructed based on Metapopulation in 2 Region are connected by three tracks that do not intersect, therefore displacement individually in each region will not move trajectory, movement of individual populations between the Region is influenced by the density function Kernel Exponential and Laplace so Model Metapopulation shaped Equation System differential Partial-Integral loading the second region, stability and persistence analysis conducted through the basic reproduction number and Lipschitz constant showed that the analysis so that the system can be done through a model of each region’s to subsystem and system stability and persistence of the population affected by the virus and infected susceptible to the limited and quite large.
Prediction of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease using Backpropagation algorithm
Authors: Widiyawati  , Nurrahman A , Darmawan B , Jaya A I , Ratianingsih R
Published: May 2019

Along with the development of increasingly modern life styles, the risk of community healthiness to gain weighted is rising due to the positive and negative impact of social interactions. Many negative impacts of social interaction tend the people of such community member being obese, in other way some positive impacts make the possibility of the obese people being normal weighted. This study discusses the prognosis obesity, metabolic syndrome MS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary heart disease (CHD) people in point view of some risk factor of it. Obesity is the main stimulator for MS, Type 2 DM and hypertension. These diseases are the main factors for the cardiovascular disease. MS is a metabolic disorder that mostly suffered by obese and raises the risk of heart disease or stroke three times higher. Moreover, it raises the risk of type 2 DM five times higher. The type 2 DM also becomes as the one of the major health problems that causes vascular diseases such as coronary heart disease. The disease is the world’s leading cause of death. A prognostic detection of obese, DM, SM and CHD architecture is constructed in this paper and Backpropagation is proposed to derive the prediction model. The datasets taken from Palu Anutapura Hospital’s patients is trained to get the model. After that the model is tested until having a high accurate prediction. The accuracy of the detection to predict DM or MS is 93.33%, while the accuracy to predict CHD is 90.67%. The accuracy is obtained by identify the variation of the learning rate and hidden layer and got the best value of them are α = 0.5 and 5 hidden layers for not greater than 0.001 and maximum epoch 1000 of error target.
Application of Fuzzy Kernel C-Means in face recognition to identify look-alike faces
Authors: Rustam Zuherman , Faradina Ridhani
Published: May 2019

Machine learning has been rapidly evolving and continuously developing. Many problems can be solved by machine learning. One of those is face recognition. There are many application of face recognition. One application that will be discussed in this research is face recognition to identify look-alike faces. Such application can be useful when dealing with huge data. Machine learning method that will be used is Fuzzy Kernel C-Means. This method is the modification of previous method Fuzzy C-Means. The kernel used is Radial Basis Function Kernel. Each image is characterised by its features. It is believed that reducing the number of features can also reduce the cost. Therefore, a feature selection method called Chi-Square was also used. Solving this problem in face recognition using Fuzzy Kernel C-Means resulted in quite high accuracies.
Modeling The Number of Flood Occurrence in Indonesia in 2015 Using Poisson Regression Model
Authors: Savitri Febiyani Okky , Prita Wardhani Laksmi
Published: May 2019

The Poisson regression model is one of the regression models that can show the relationship between the Poisson distributed response variable with predictor variables through the regression parameter. In this paper, the number of flood occurrences in Indonesia in 2015 which is the count data using a Poisson regression model. To obtain the Poisson regression model of the number of flood occurrence are conducted using multicollinearity test on predictor variables, estimation of regression parameters, parameter test, and goodness of fit model test. The method used to estimate parameter values is the Maximum Likelihood Estimation method that is obtained from the iteration results using the Newton-Raphson iterative method. Based on the results of data processing, the Poisson regression model that is obtained for the number of flood occurrences shows that the average of the number of flood occurrences in Indonesia is affected by the number of tornado occurrences, the number of rainy days, and the sun exposure.
Development of trigonometric visualization concepts to increase the study motivations of SMK students
Authors: Isa Irawan Mohammad , Mukhlash Imam , Adzkiya Dieky , Darmadi  , Sanusi
Published: May 2019

The students of SMK Cendekia Madiun are not motivated to learn mathematics especially trigonometry because students do not understand the concepts. The alternative approach offered by the ITS and UNIPMA teams as a form of community service is to develop and apply visualization in learning. Activity implementation methods are adopted from research and development (R&D) methods, namely: initial analysis, development / implementation, and final analysis. The results of the activity addressed that visualization developed is quite effective to increase student’s learning motivation.
Modelling of Short Rate (β2) Parameter Diebold-Li Model Using Vasicek Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Sari Meylita , Putri Sndah R.M. , Wahyuningsih Nuri
Published: May 2019

Investment is the activity of investing or allocating money to earn some profit. There are several type of investments, one of which is bond. The interest rate of the bond is called a yield. A yield is considered as a representation of market expectations depends on interest rate movements according to market price at a certain time. The yield’s value will change following a stochastic process. Estimation of a short rate parameter (β
2) of a Diebold-Li model is conducted by applying a least square method. Then, the yield modeling is developed based on the estimated short rate parameter Diebold-li model (β
2) using Vasicek Stochastic Differential Equation. The final result is that modelling of short rate (β
2) parameter Diebold-Li model using Vasicek Stochastic Differential Equation generates prediction values that have a high level of accuracy by MAPE prediction value of 8.65%.
Designing sensor networks to resolve spatio-temporal urban temperature variations: fixed, mobile or hybrid?
Authors: Yang Jiachuan , Bou-Zeid Elie
Published: May 2019

The spatio-temporal variability of temperatures in cities impacts human well-being, particularly in a large metropolis. Low-cost sensors now allow the observation of urban temperatures at a much finer resolution, and, in recent years, there has been a proliferation of fixed and mobile monitoring networks. However, how to design such networks to maximize the information content of collected data remains an open challenge. In this study, we investigate the performance of different measurement networks and strategies by deploying virtual sensors to sample the temperature data set in high-resolution weather simulations in four American cities. Results show that, with proper designs and a sufficient number of sensors, fixed networks can capture the spatio-temporal variations of temperatures within the cities reasonably well. Based on the simulation study, the key to optimizing fixed sensor location is to capture the whole range of impervious fractions. Randomly moving mobile systems consistently outperform optimized fixed systems in measuring the trend of monthly mean temperatures, but they underperform in detecting mean daily maximum temperatures with errors up to 5 °C. For both networks, the grand challenge is to capture anomalous temperatures under extreme events of short duration, such as heat waves. Here, we show that hybrid networks are more robust systems under extreme events, reducing errors by more than 50%, because the time span of extreme events detected by fixed sensors and the spatial information measured by mobile sensors can complement each other. The main conclusion of this study concerns the importance of optimizing network design for enhancing the effectiveness of urban measurements.
Response of ecosystem intrinsic water use efficiency and gross primary productivity to rising vapor pressure deficit
Authors: Zhang Quan , Ficklin Darren L , Manzoni Stefano , Wang Lixin , Way Danielle , Phillips Richard P , Novick Kimberly A
Published: May 2019

Elevated vapor pressure deficit (VPD) due to drought and warming is well-known to limit canopy stomatal and surface conductance, but the impacts of elevated VPD on ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP) are less clear. The intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), defined as the ratio of carbon (C) assimilation to stomatal conductance, links vegetation C gain and water loss and is a key determinant of how GPP will respond to climate change. While it is well-established that rising atmospheric CO2 increases ecosystem iWUE, historic and future increases in VPD caused by climate change and drought are often neglected when considering trends in ecosystem iWUE. Here, we synthesize long-term observations of C and water fluxes from 28 North American FLUXNET sites, spanning eight vegetation types, to demonstrate that ecosystem iWUE increases consistently with rising VPD regardless of changes in soil moisture. Another way to interpret this result is that GPP decreases less than surface conductance with increasing VPD. We also project how rising VPD will impact iWUE into the future. Results vary substantially from one site to the next; in a majority of sites, future increases in VPD (RCP 8.5, highest emission scenario) are projected to increase iWUE by 5%–15% by 2050, and by 10%–35% by the end of the century. The increases in VPD owing to elevated global temperatures could be responsible for a 0.13% year−1 increase in ecosystem iWUE in the future. Our results highlight the importance of considering VPD impacts on iWUE independently of CO2 impacts.
Remote sensing and GIS applications for sustainable food agricultural land mapping and supporting the preparation of regional spatial plans (case study of Badung Regency)
Authors: Lanya Indayati , Netera Subadiyasa N , Sardiana Ketut , Ratna Adi Gst P , Gunasih Made Tri
Published: May 2019

Local Government (LG) provincial and district/city in Bali until now does not have a Regional Regulation (RR) on determination of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land (SFAL). This is related to the provision of land for non-agricultural development permits. Map of SFAL has been established as a condition for the drafting and revision of the Spatial Plan (SP) [1]. Multi-analytical research methods: super impose analysis of thematic maps, ten thematic maps of physical and environmental conditions (river basin area, land use, irrigation, relief, rainfall, elevation, regional spatial planning, land suitability, productivity, and distance from city center) will be analysed and scored to numerically scoring (numerical classification), toolbox - analysis tools-overlay-intersect. Materials and tools: Quick Bird satellite images 2013 and QGIS software 10.3. Field survey to compile a data base of SFAL at each location. Map and data base SFAL obtained from the analysis of thematic maps of physical and environmental conditions. SFAL 9,642.76 ha was recommended for the revision of SP for 2013-2033; SFAL = 8,824.36 ha is recommended to reflect SP year 2034-2054 ha and 6,510.11 ha for the drafting of SP year more than 2055 location are in the. SFAL location are in the upstream and center (Petang, Abian Semal, and Mengwi District). Subak rice field that can be converted 829.41 ha – 3,143.66 ha is located in the districts of Kuta and Nort Kuta. Remote sensing and GIS technology can be used for SFAL mapping, through the classification of numerical thematic maps of the physical and environmental conditions of the region.
Landuse change analysis for hydrology response and planning management of Cibeet Sub-Watershed, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Setyo Pambudi , Handayani Luluk D W , Meidiza Riski , Munggaran Gilang
Published: May 2019

Cibeet Sub-watershed is located in downstream of Citarum watershed and categorized as Priority I. Landuse change is an environmental issue which causes of damageof that watershed ecosystem. Landuse change can also affect the hydrological conditions of the watershed. The results of the SWAT(Soil Water Assessment Assessment) model simulation in the Cibeet Sub-watershed used LISAT (LAPAN IPB Satellite) imagery show is KAT (Coeficient Run off) value is a very high (0.54). Based on landuse in RTRW (Regional Land Use Planning) West Java 2025 the value of KAT decreased to 0.49 in the high category. Application of Soil and Water Conservation (KTA) techniques to land use of the LISAT imagery 2017 by Water Infiltration Wells were able to reduce surface flow by 63.49% and KAT values to 0.4 medium categories.
Characterizing NO2in Indonesia Using Satellite Ozone Monitoring Instruments
Authors: Darmawan Trio Bagoes , Syafei Arie Dipareza
Published: May 2019

Indonesia suffers from high annual vehicle ownership growth, resulting in worsening urban air quality. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the combustion products of vehicles which needs to be monitored. Unfortunately, few cities have air quality monitoring stations, thus there is an immediate need to tackle this issue. One way to do so is by utilizing remote sensing via satellite. In this study, we utilized a satellite OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) to read patterns in gaseous NO2concentrations. This work was assisted by a Geographical Information System (GIS) program, which used the results from the satellite to create images. Data validation was conducted by comparing the results from the satellite images in the form of color pixels with the results obtained from monitoring stations in Jakarta and Surabaya via linear regression. The results showed a weak correlation. Further research should introduce additional variables to improve accuracy.
Streamflow extreme value analysis using correlation of streamflow data with TRMM derivatives at Bone Watershed Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: Prakoso W G , Murtilaksono K , Tarigan S D , Purwanto Y J
Published: May 2019

Most recent studies that have attempted to use rainfall dataset for continuous modelling of rainfall-runoff have found that, without detailed local calibration against traditional rain-gauge measurements, the TRMM data is simply not accurate enough for that purpose. This is partly a result of the coarse spatial resolution of the dataset, with each grid cell being 0.25° x 0.25°, and partly to do with the inherent difficulty in remotely sensing rainfall intensity. For this study, however, it was decided to derive a more general rainfall parameter, the total amount of rainfall calculated to have fallen on each of the delineated catchments, processed as a mean annual total, (in m3), and to see how closely that was correlated with the streamflow data. Considering that most of the streamflow data available is from 2007 – 2010, TRMM V6 3B42 3 hourly data covering this four year period were used. Given the lack of long-term data both discharge and rainfall, at Bone Watershed, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia), the limitations of an Extreme Value Analysis using such a short data set must be stressed from the outset. Most data sets available comprise approximately 3 – 4 years of data, which are insufficient to provide reliable predictions of discharge events with large return periods. A satisfactory hidrological correlation could be achieved using catchments weighted time series of TRMM daily rainfall data after scaling, with streamflow data from Bone River (Alale and Tulabolo) to obtain a time series of simulated discharge. Realatively reliable extrema value estimation on the design flood parameter were produced with resasonable several limitation.
Prediction of potential fishing zones for yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) using maxent models in Aceh province waters
Authors: Siregar E S Y , Siregar V P , Jhonnerie R , Alkayakni M , Samsul B
Published: May 2019

The exploitation of tuna in the Indian Ocean is increasing due to the high demand of its resources. This research aims to predict the fishing ground of the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) using Maximum entropy models (MaxEnt) based on oceanographic satellite data and tuna fishing data obtained from Aceh waters, from June-August 2015. The highest MaxEnt (AUC) model in the transition season 1 occurred in May with AUC values of 0.9612, followed by March (0.8200) and April (0.6780). The high AUC value shows the potential to know the spatial distribution of tuna yellowfin tuna which can be interpreted as the level of accuracy of the model produced. Environmental parameters have a major contribution to the prediction of tuna fishing ground. In March the SST variable (64.4%) had the largest contribution, followed by SSH (8.4%) and Salinity (7.2%). Then in April the SST variable (62.4%) also had the largest contribution, followed by SSH (22.9%) and Salinity (17.6%). Similar to May SST (60.5%) had the largest contribution, followed by SSH (12.6%) and Salinity (7.0%). Based on the Maxent model, potential fishing grounds in the transition season 1 of 2015 are found in the waters of north and south of the Aceh Province.
Speed acquisition system for reaction wheel of LAPAN-A3 Satellite using field programmable gate array module
Authors: Bahari G H Z , Khairunnisa
Published: May 2019

Reaction wheel is one of the important components in satellite attitude control by employing torque to satellite through command, resulting in the change of the angular momentum (or angular velocity) of the satellite. LAPAN-A3, the third-generation satellite built by LAPAN, utilizes three systems of reaction wheel placed on three coordinate axes. The system consists of two parts; electric motor and wheel drive electronic (WDE) to adjust the motor’s motion by reading input from control center. This research will implement the measurement of reaction wheel system by using field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as the processor. The outcome of this study is expected to obtain more accurate results and lower transient delays in acquiring the speed of wheel than that of generated input signal from PC.
Algorithm Enhancement of STELLAR on LAPAN-A4 Satellite
Authors: Saifudin Muhammad Arif
Published: May 2019

The first LAPAN’s experimental star sensor has onboard on LAPAN-A3/LAPAN-IPB microsatellite that successfully launch on June, 6 2016. The second LAPAN’s experimental star sensor called STELLAR has scheduled to be onboard on LAPAN-A4 satellite. In orbit test of first star sensor provide conclusions. One of the conclusion is the radiation in space has an impact on star sensor performance. Many hot pixels or hotspots appear on CCD sensor temporarily that it causes a failure of star identification since the hotspots are fake stars. In order to solve this problem, an enhancement of algorithm is conducted. The enhancement aims to ignore the fake stars to proceed as stars candidate. This method selects a cloud pixel as star candidate and proceed only clouds pixel. The algorithm was tested and give more reliable result of star identification.
Neuronlike impulses in a travelling wave structure loaded with resonant tunneling diodes and air bridges
Authors: Essimbi B Z , Stöhr A , Jäger I , Jäger D
Published: June 2019

In this paper a coplanar waveguide (CPW) periodically loaded with resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) and air bridges (AB) is presented as a travelling wave (TW) structure for modelling the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) equation and emulating the behaviour of the nerve axon. Based upon an electrical equivalent circuit, the principle of operation is discussed in the context of a lumped-element circuital model being compared to a distributed structure. The phenomena of wave formation and propagation are studied by computer experiments of the underlying nonlinear ordinary difference-differential equations (ODEs) and that of the approximated model nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). A key achievement is that this medium supports stable propagating shock waves (kinks and antikinks) when effects of AB are neglected as well as stable traveling pulses only determined by the parameters of the circuit. As a result, compact electronic circuits with features of real neural systems are developed to be an experimental medium mimicking neural activity and to be applied in ultra-fast signal processing.
Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Improving Scar Quality and Wound Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Guo Xiaoshuang , Song Guodong , Zhang Dong , Jin Xiaolei
Published: June 2019

Background

Botulinum toxin type A-induced “chemoimmobilization” has long been utilized for improved scar quality and wound healing; however, current evidence is limited to small studies, and evidence-based information is inadequate to make well-informed decisions.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) to improve scars and wound healing.

Methods

The authors searched databases, including Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared outcomes of surgical scars and wounds treated with BTA vs those treated with blank or placebo controls. The Visual Analog Scale, Vancouver Scar Score, scar width, and reported patient satisfaction were utilized in evaluating outcomes. Adverse events were also recorded.

Results

Eleven RCTs involved a total of 486 cases (374 patients). Quantitative synthesis suggested that compared with the control group, patients in the BTA treatment group had significantly higher Visual Analog Scale scores (mean difference [MD] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05 to 1.55), lower Vancouver Scar Scores (MD = −1.62, 95% CI: −2.49 to −0.75, P = 0.0003), and thinner scars (MD = −0.15, 95% CI: −0.20 to −0.11, P < 0.00001). Patient satisfaction was higher in the BTA group than in the control group (risk ratio: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.49, P = 0.01). Trivial adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis of RCTs provides reliable evidence that BTA injection is superior to placebo or blank control group in improving scar quality and wound healing in the face and neck for Asians, and negative outcomes for BTA treatment in these patients include only trivial adverse events. However, inadequate evidence supports utilization of BTA in Caucasians for primary surgical scars or for scars in locations other than the face and neck. Further studies on the standardized injection regimen and technique of BTA are warranted for clinical practice.

Level of Evidence: 1
Taste Perception and Cerebral Activity in the Human Gustatory Cortex Induced by Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose Solutions
Authors: Mouillot Thomas , Barthet Sophie , Janin Lucie , Creteau Camille , Devilliers Hervé , Brindisi Marie-Claude , Penicaud Luc , Leloup Corinne , Brondel Laurent , Jacquin-Piques Agnès
Published: June 2019

Glucose, fructose, and sucrose are important carbohydrates in Western diets with particular sweetness intensity and metabolisms. No study has compared their cerebral detection and their taste perception. Gustatory evoked potentials (GEPs), taste detection thresholds, intensity perception, and pleasantness were compared in response to glucose, fructose, and sucrose solutions at similar sweetness intensities and at identical molar concentrations. Twenty-three healthy subjects were randomly stimulated with 3 solutions of similar sweetness intensity (0.75 M of glucose, 0.47 M of fructose and 0.29 M of sucrose – sit. A), and with an identical molar concentration (0.29 M – sit. B). GEPs were recorded at gustatory cortex areas. Intensity perception and hedonic values of each solution were evaluated as were gustatory thresholds of the solutions. No significant difference was observed concerning the GEP characteristics of the solutions according to their sweetness intensities (sit. A) or their molar concentration (sit. B). In sit. A, the 3 solutions were perceived to have similar intensities and induced similar hedonic sensations. In sit. B, the glucose solution was perceived to be less intense and pleasant than the fructose and the sucrose solutions (P < 0.001) and the fructose solution was perceived to be less intense and pleasant than the sucrose (P < 0.001). Since GEP recordings were similar for glucose, fructose, and sucrose solutions whatever the concentrations, activation of same taste receptor induces similar cortical activation, even when the solutions were perceived differently. Sweet taste perception seems to be encoded by a complex chemical cerebral neuronal network.
Recent trends in molecular diagnostics of yeast infections: from PCR to NGS
Authors:   Consortium OPATHY, Arastehfar A , Boekhout T , Butler G , De Cesare G Buda , Dolk E , Gabaldón T , Hafez A , Hube B , Hagen F , Hovhannisyan H , Iracane E , Kostrzewa M , Lackner M , Lass-Flörl C , Llorens C , Mixão V , Munro C , Oliveira-Pacheco J , Pekmezovic M , Pérez-Hansen A , Sanchez A Rodriguez , Sauer F M , Sparbier K , Stavrou A A , Vaneechoutte M , Vatanshenassan M , Gabaldón Toni
Published: May 2019

The incidence of opportunistic yeast infections in humans has been increasing over recent years. These infections are difficult to treat and diagnose, in part due to the large number and broad diversity of species that can underlie the infection. In addition, resistance to one or several antifungal drugs in infecting strains is increasingly being reported, severely limiting therapeutic options and showcasing the need for rapid detection of the infecting agent and its drug susceptibility profile. Current methods for species and resistance identification lack satisfactory sensitivity and specificity, and often require prior culturing of the infecting agent, which delays diagnosis. Recently developed high-throughput technologies such as next generation sequencing or proteomics are opening completely new avenues for more sensitive, accurate and fast diagnosis of yeast pathogens. These approaches are the focus of intensive research, but translation into the clinics requires overcoming important challenges. In this review, we provide an overview of existing and recently emerged approaches that can be used in the identification of yeast pathogens and their drug resistance profiles. Throughout the text we highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each methodology and discuss the most promising developments in their path from bench to bedside.
The Insulin Signaling Substrate Chico and the Ecdysone Response Element Broad Both Regulate Growth of the Head Horns in the Asian Rhinoceros Beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus
Authors: Lavine Mark D , Gotoh Hiroki , Hayes Abigail , Corley Lavine Laura
Published: May 2019

Males of the Asian rhinoceros beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus, possess exaggerated head and thoracic horns that scale dramatically out of proportion to body size. While RNAi-mediated knockdowns of the insulin receptor suggest that the insulin signaling pathway regulates nutrition-dependent growth including exaggerated horns, the genes that regulate disproportionate growth have yet to be identified. We used RNAi-mediated knockdown of several genes to investigate their potential role in growth and scaling of the sexually dimorphic, exaggerated head horns of T. dichotomus. Knockdown of the insulin signaling substrate chico and the ecdysone response element broad caused significant decreases in head horn length, while having no or minimal effects on other structures such as elytra and tibiae. However, scaling of horns to body size was not affected by either knockdown. In addition, knockdown of phosphatase and tensin homolog, a negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway, had no significant effects on any trait. Our results do not identify any candidate genes that may specifically mediate the allometric aspect of horn growth, but they do confirm the insulin signaling pathway as a mediator of conditional trait expression, and importantly implicate the ecdysone signaling pathway, possibly in conjunction with insulin signaling, as an additional mediator of horn growth.
Protection From Lethal Lassa Disease Can Be Achieved Both Before and After Virus Exposure by Administration of Single-Cycle Replicating Lassa Virus Replicon Particles
Authors: Kainulainen Markus H , Spengler Jessica R , Welch Stephen R , Coleman-McCray JoAnn D , Harmon Jessica R , Scholte Florine E M , Goldsmith Cynthia S , Nichol Stuart T , Albariño César G , Spiropoulou Christina F
Published: May 2019

Lassa fever is a frequently severe human disease that is endemic to several countries in West Africa. To date, no licensed vaccines are available to prevent Lassa virus (LASV) infection, even though Lassa fever is thought to be an important disease contributing to mortality and both acute and chronic morbidity. We have previously described a vaccine candidate composed of single-cycle LASV replicon particles (VRPs) and a stable cell line for their production. Here, we refine the genetic composition of the VRPs and demonstrate the ability to reproducibly purify them with high yields. Studies in the guinea pig model confirm efficacy of the vaccine candidate, demonstrate that single-cycle replication is necessary for complete protection by the VRP vaccine, and show that postexposure vaccination can confer protection from lethal outcome.