bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF ENTRECTINIB PLGA NANOBUBBLES BY CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN
Authors: NANDINI P. , BHIKSHAPATHI D. V. R. N.
Published: January 2025

Objective: For targeted delivery of entrectinib, we created nanobubbles with a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) shell and a perfluoropentane core.
Methods: Entrectinib was encapsulated in PLGA nanobubbles by a modified W/O/W double emulsion, solvent-diffusion-evaporation technique. Central composite design was utilized to explore how four independent factors like sonication distance (X1), amplitude (X2), time (X3), and power (X4)-affected droplet size (Y1) and polydispersity Index (PDI) (Y2).
Results: The optimal sonication distance, time, amplitude, and power were 2.41 cm; 3.61 min, 44.42%, and 77.35 W. Drug-loaded nanobubbles showed a PDI of 0.196±0.005 and an average particle size of 73.53±3.08 nm, indicating a unimodal system with low PDI high zeta potential indicate formulation stability. The mean drug loading capacity was 29.27±1.54 mg/g. The remarkable drug encapsulation efficiency (82.12±2.98%) supports an inclusion complex. Transmission Electron Microscopy shows drug encapsulation does not change nanobubbles' spherical shape. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry revealed nanobubble-drug complex production. Nanobubbles emitted more entrectinib than the solution. Drug release via ultrasound was different. At 6 h, sonication released 46.08% of entrectinib and 26.42% without. Entrectinib released 99.34% after 24 h versus 58.93% without ultrasonography. The formulation's consistent size distribution remained stable after 180 days. Parenteral safety and non-toxicity were shown by these nanobubbles at 15 mg/ml. In vitro ultrasonic increases cell uptake. The viability of MCF-7 cells was assessed following exposure to entrectinib at 10 to 120 μM dosages. All entrectinib formulations showed little cytotoxicity, up to 98% cell survival at 10 μM doses.
Conclusion: PLGA nanobubbles can be used in ultrasound-responsive formulations to deliver targeted drugs to fight cancer and other diseases.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF VARIOUS BRANDS OF CEFIXIME 400 MG CAPSULES AVAILABLE IN YEMENI MARKET
Authors: AL-GHANI AHMED M. , ALKHAWLANI MOHAMMED , ALWOSABI AMIN , ALBEGALI ABDULLAH A. , THABET ANES A. M.
Published: January 2025

Objective: The study aimed to assess the quality control of different brands of cefixime 400 mg capsule brands available in Yemeni drug market.
Methods: The pharmacopeial specifications of five cefixime 400 mg capsule brands available in Yemeni drug market, including two domestic brands, were assessed in this study. Assessment included assay content, capsule weight variation and disintegration. In addition, drug dissolution and antimicrobial activity test were assessed.
Results: Out of five brands, three brands of cefixime 400 mg capsules passed official specified assay tests according to United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications. The five brands showed a similar profile of weight variation and drug disintegration that were within the limits. However, the results of drug content for five brands showed in range 78.78-104.46 % in which three brands (B, D and E) in compliance to USP specifications (90-110%) and two brands (A and C) not compliance to USP specification. Also, the results of dissolution profile were in range 86.2-109.8% for four brands (A, B, D and E) that compliance to USP specifications, and 73.56% for brand C that was not compliance to USP specifications.
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study, the drug content for three brands (B, D, E) is within the pharmacopeial limit, but the drug content of (A, C) is out of the limit. while the capsule disintegration, weight variations, and antibacterial activity in all tested brands are within the pharmacopeial limit. The dissolution profile for four brands (A, B, D, E) is within the pharmacopeial limit, but the dissolution profile for (C) is less than the allowed limit.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ECONAZOLE NITRATE NANOEMULSION FOR TOPICAL OCULAR ADMINISTRATION
Authors: KUMAR J. NANDHA , PATIL ANASUYA , G. HEMANTH
Published: January 2025

Objective: The study aimed to use cold homogenization to create an Econazole Nitrate (ECN) nano-emulsion formulation.
Methods: Different ratios of surfactants (polypropylene 188 and Tween 80) and co-surfactants (ethanol) were used to create eight formulations. Out of them, compositions ECN1, ECN4, ECN5, and ECN7 were chosen due to initial research demonstrating encouraging outcomes. Dissolution studies evaluated droplet size, shape, drug content, and in vitro drug release characteristics. A comparative analysis was conducted to assess the improvement in medication release rates compared to pure drug formulations.
Results: ECN5, which attained an 89.43% drug release rate after 360 min, demonstrated the greatest medication release rate among the chosen formulations (ECN1, ECN4, ECN5, and ECN7). The improved formulations showed consistent spherical forms with droplet diameters ranging from 114 nm to 214.87 nm. Based on these findings, it appears that the nano-emulsion formulation successfully raises econazole nitrate's solubility, which is important because of its poor solubility in ocular administration applications.
Conclusion: The study used cold homogenization to effectively generate and optimize ECN nano-emulsion formulations. The most promising features of formulation ECN5, such as consistent droplet size distribution and dramatically improved drug release rates, were displayed. These results demonstrate the potential of nano-emulsions to enhance econazole nitrate's solubility and delivery effectiveness, especially for ocular applications.
DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GLIBENCLAMIDE-CAFFEIC ACID COCRYSTALS VIA CRYSTAL ENGINEERING
Authors: MALIK JYOTI , SACHDEVA HIMANSHU , KHATKAR ANURAG , NANDA ARUN
Published: January 2025

Objective: The present work aims to prepare and characterize glibenclamide cocrystals.
Methods: Glibenclamide was chosen as a model drug due to its low solubility and classification as a Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II drug. Among the various methods for selecting appropriate coformers, the pKa and thermal methods were employed. Using these approaches, a formulation with caffeic acid, prepared through the solvent evaporation method, demonstrated the best results as evaluated by parameters such as dissolution rate, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Hot Stage Microscopy (HSM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Results: In the FTIR spectra, the sulfonamide group of the drug formed hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of the coformer, suggesting the presence of hydrogen bonding interactions between the components. HSM and DSC revealed that the melting point of the cocrystals occurred at a different temperature for the pure drug and coformer. This significant change in the melting point indicates the formation of a new crystalline phase in the cocrystals, suggesting that the drug and coformer interact at the molecular level to form a unique solid structure. XRD analysis showed diffraction peaks at distinct points with higher intensity in the cocrystals, indicating a new crystalline structure. SEM images of the cocrystals revealed a well-defined crystalline morphology, which differed from the irregular shapes of the pure drug and coformer. The cocrystals demonstrated a significantly improved dissolution rate compared to the pure drug and marketed formulation. In animal studies conducted on male Wistar rats, cocrystals reduced blood glucose levels more rapidly than pure glibenclamide. This enhanced antidiabetic efficacy suggests that the cocrystal formulation not only improves dissolution but also accelerates the therapeutic onset of action.
Conclusion: These findings confirmed that the glibenclamide cocrystals prepared with caffeic acid help effectively improve the drug’s low solubility.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ISRADIPINE SOLID DISPERSION WITH ENHANCED SOLUBILITY
Authors: FAKHRULDEEN ZAID HADI , ABDUL-HASAN MAZIN THAMIR
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to prepare and optimize solid dispersion of isradipine, an antihypertensive drug with poor aqueous solubility using two different methods, namely, solvent evaporation and fusion.
Methods: Twenty-two formulas of isradipine solid dispersion were prepared using one of the following carriers: Poloxamer 407 (PXM 407), Polyethylene Glycol 4000 (PEG 4000), Polyethylene Glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and urea at different carrier-to-drug ratios. The produced solid dispersion formulations were evaluated for their percentage yield, drug content, solubility, and in vitro dissolution. Further investigations were performed for the selected formula; these include Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) studies to evaluate the crystalline state of the drug. Besides Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was conducted to evaluate drug-carrier compatibility.
Results: The results of this study showed that all the prepared formulas resulted in improvement in saturation solubility. Run 14 (which consists of PXM 407: isradipine in a 5:1 ratio) demonstrated a substantial increase in solubility, resulting in approximately 16 times higher solubility than the pure drug. The results of DSC and PXRD studies demonstrated complete dispersion of the drug in the carrier or amorphization of the drug. Furthermore, FTIR results indicated drug-carrier compatibility.
Conclusion: From this study, it was evident that solid dispersion of isradipine in the previously mentioned carriers is an effective and efficient method to enhance its solubility. The best solubility enhancement and release profile was observed in run 14 (which combines PXM 407: isradipine in a 5:1 ratio), which was selected as the optimum formula.
A STUDY OF PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN MANGIFERIN AND ATORVASTATIN IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS
Authors: MADHAVI MEESA , REDDY YELLU NARSIMHA
Published: January 2025

Objective: The main aim of this study is to determine the effect of Mangiferin on the pharmacokinetics of Atorvastatin in hyperlipidemic rats.
Methods: The plasma concentration of Atorvastatin (ATR) to the time profile was calculated using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The experiment was carried out in normal and High Fat Diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemic rats in single and multiple-dose treated rats for pharmacokinetic study. HFD was administered to the rats for 8 w to induce hyperlipidemia. Each group contains six animals, Group I received ATR alone (20 mg/kg), Group II received Mangiferin (MGF) (40 mg/kg) followed by ATR for Single-Dose Interaction(SDI), Group III received MGF for 7 days, followed by ATR on 8th d for Multiple Dose Interaction (MDI). Blood samples were collected and estimated for pharmacokinetic parameters such as the Area under Curve (AUC), Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax), Time to achieve Cmax (Tmax), Biological Half-Life (t1/2), mean Residence Time (MRT) and Volume of distribution (Vd), Clearance (CL) and Elimination Rate Constant (Ke).
Results: In normal and disease-induced rats of SDI and MDI studies it has shown increased plasma concentration of ATR in the presence of MGF. MGF significantly increased the following pharmacokinetic parameters: Cmax (83.56±5.94 ng/ml) in SDI, (100.28±6.37 ng/ml) in MDI, AUC (265.25±14.73ng. h/ml) in SDI, (299.04±14.11ng. h/ml) in MDI. t1/2, Vd, and MRT were also enhanced in both studies. However, CL and Ke were reduced significantly.
Conclusion: This study revealed that MGF altered the ATR pharmacokinetics. This could be due to MGF Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A) enzyme inhibition.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF AZELNIDIPINE FAST-DISSOLVING TABLETS
Authors: HEMALATHA BALA , RAMU ANNE , VIDYADHARA SURYADEVARA
Published: January 2025

Objective: The main aim of the present study was to improve the solubility and rate of dissolution of azelnidipine and thereby increase oral bioavailability. Azelnidipine is a calcium channel blocker that lowers blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels and relieving pressure on them. Azelnidipine is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class II drug with low bioavailability.
Methods: The present study involves the preparation and evaluation of solid dispersion of azelnidipine by physical mixing, fusion and solvent evaporation method using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) as a carrier. The prepared solid dispersions were evaluated for various parameters like angle of repose, carr’s index, particle size, drug content, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and in vitro dissolution studies. As part of the project, Microcrystalline Cellulose-Polyethylene Glycol (MCC-PEG) Conjugate, a novel superdisintegrant, was developed.
Results: Solid dispersions prepared by fusion (AF 6) in a drug-to-polymer ratio of 1:3 released 99.40% of the drug more quickly than pure drug and other dispersions. The optimized solid dispersion (AF6) was used to prepare fast-dissolving tablets of azelnidipine. In comparison to commercially available and alternative tablet formulations, the study suggests that azelnidipine tablets (AT 13), made with 5% microcrystalline cellulose-polyethylene glycol conjugate as a super disintegrant, exhibited rapid drug release of 99.92% in 15 min. The drug was released in the following order: MCC-PEG Conjugate>Crospovidone>Croscarmellose sodium>Sodium starch glycolate in all tablet preparations containing super disintegrants.
Conclusion: It can be inferred that MCC-PEG conjugate is an efficient super disintegrant by comparing its results with those of available commercial super disintegrants and caused the drug azelnidipine to release rapidly from fast-dissolving tablets.
OPTIMIZING ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY OF SUNITINIB: QUALITY BY DESIGN IN NANOBUBBLE FORMULATION
Authors: PATAMSETTI ANJANEYULU , GUBBIYAPPA KUMAR SHIVA
Published: January 2025

Objective: The use of dextran nanobubbles is aimed at function as a delivery system for drugs like sunitinib. These specially designed nanobubbles enhance the drug's solubility, stability, and bioavailability, thus improving the therapeutic effectiveness. Moreover, they offer controlled release characteristics and can potentially enhance drug delivery to tissues or cells, thereby maximizing pharmacological results while reducing adverse effects.
Methods: Drug-loaded dextran nanobubbles were formulated using the emulsification technique and optimized using a Box Behnken design that considered process and formulation parameters. The Nanobubbles characterization includes Particle Size (PS), drug loading, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction studies, stability studies, and as well in vitro and in vivo studies in rats.
Results: The optimized nanobubbles displayed a PS of 177.8±5.2 nm, zeta potential of-21.1±0.43 mV, and poly dispersity index of 0.262±0.089. With 69.12±1.41% of entrapment efficiency and 26.29±4.01% drug loading, in vitro studies revealed a superior drug release (99%) with ultrasound versus plain drug (39%). FTIR and DSC studies confirmed no drug-polymer interaction. Scanning electron microscopy images displayed uniform spherical nanosized particles. Stability studies indicated no significant changes after 30 days. The nanobubbles exhibited increased Cmax (4.52) and AUC0-t (5.27), promising enhanced solubility, absorption, and extended half-life.
Conclusion: The current investigation shows that dextran nanobubbles loaded with sunitinib have a promising delayed release potential, which makes them a possible treatment alternative for cancer.
NANOENCAPSULATION OF CHITOSAN-ETHANOL EXTRACT OF RED BULB LEAVES (ELEUTHERINE AMERICANA MERR.) USING THE IONIC GELATION METHOD
Authors: TAURINA WINTARI , ANDRIE MOHAMAD
Published: January 2025

Objective: The red bulb is an endemic plant of West Kalimantan with high antioxidant activity. However, it is precarious and easily damaged.
Methods: This research aims to formulate red bulb leaf extract into nanoparticles to protect it from degradation. The polymer used is chitosan with Na-TPP as a cross-linker. The study aims to determine the concentration of chitosan that can form red bulb leaf extract nanoparticles and to characterize the resulting particles. The nanoparticles were prepared using the ionic gelation method by mixing Na-TPP, extract, and chitosan (1:1:6) with a magnetic stirrer at 1500 rpm for 5 h. The nanoencapsulation of the ethanol extract of red bulb was evaluated for characteristics including particle size distribution, polydispersity index, zeta potential, particle morphology, and entrapment efficiency.
Results: The nanoparticle formulations were characterized, yielding particle sizes for F1, F2, and F3 of 265.1 nm, 271.7 nm, and 299.8 nm, respectively, with polydispersity index values of 0.177, 0.208, and 0.194, respectively. The zeta potential values obtained in this study for F1, F2, and F3 were 1.10 mV, 0.43 mV, and 0.31 mV, respectively. The percentage inhibition of the free nanoparticle extract for F1, F2, and F3 was 22.328%, 17.853%, and 15.768%, respectively. The % inhibition value of the free extract against DPPH from the research results was 22.328±0.794% for formula 1, 17.853±1.048% for formula 2, and 15.768±0.780% for formula 3. The formulation that produced the best characterization results was F3, with a particle size of 299.8 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.194, and a zeta potential of 0.31 mV, although the particle morphology was less spherical.
Conclusion: The formulation that produced the best characterization results was F3, with a particle size of 299.8 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.194, and a zeta potential of 0.31 mV, although the particle morphology was less spherical. The % inhibition value of the free extract against DPPH from the research results was 15.768±0.780% for formula 3.
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF SOLAR PARKING CANOPY AS A PART OF ENERGY EFFICIENT URBAN PLANNING
Authors: Pantić Aleksandar , Petković Adriana , Aleksić Sanja
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes the optimal use of available space on canopies of parking spaces in urban areas for the installation of low and medium power photovoltaic systems and electricity production. Simulations show that a PV1 system offers a return on investment of 187% with a payback period of 5.6 years, while a PV2 system achieves an ROI of 91.9% with an 8.4-year payback. These findings emphasize the cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits of solar parking canopies in urban planning. The obtained electricity could be used to power nearby residential and business premises or electric car chargers. Also, there is a possibility of direct injection of produced electricity into the distribution network. Two configurations of the photovoltaic system at a specific location were analyzed in order to find the optimal solution in terms of the relationship between the price of the system, the electricity produced and the time required to return the investment. The program PVsyst was used for the design and optimization of photovoltaic systems. The obtained simulation results for both proposed photovoltaic systems are presented and compared.
A REVIEW OF DRILL STRING DYNAMICS AND MODELING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Benmir Nora
Published: January 2025

The complex dynamics of drill strings under various vibration modes during drilling operations present significant challenges to the oil and gas industry due to the high costs associated with oil well drilling. This analytical study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the most important and widely used mathematical modeling tools and techniques for describing the behaviors of drill strings under various conditions. The study highlights significant scientific contributions and research papers that have utilized or addressed these methods, including finite element, lumped mass, partial differential, wave equation, and Cosserat theory. This emphasis is meant to be partial but reflects the frequent use of these methods in drill string modeling. It also sheds light on the evolution and classification of different mathematical models used, divided into two main categories: static models and dynamics models, and how they have been involved with advancements in drilling technologies. Finally, this review underscores the potential for significant cost savings in the oil and gas industry by incorporating artificial intelligence and modern technologies into well drilling and drilling operations control, which is closely tied to improving the productivity and efficiency of oil and gas fields.
PREDICTION OF THE FRICTION COEFFICIENT BASED ON THE HYSTERESIS VALUE OF SHOE SOLE RUBBER
Authors: Nikolić Milan , Banić Milan , Pavlović Milan , Pavlović Vukašin , Miltenović Aleksandar , Simonović Miloš
Published: January 2025

This paper present research focused on the prediction of the friction coefficient of shoe sole rubber by utilizing its measured hysteresis values, along with other influencing factors such as hardness, tile surface roughness, sliding speed, and surface conditions. Previous authors research determined that rubber hysteresis is an important property of rubber (among other mechanical and physical properties) to consider when performing tribological research of contact between rubber soles and a hard substrate (tiles, laminate, vinyl, concrete). Data required for design and training of a neural network were gathered by friction coefficient testing conducted on a specially designed test apparatus. Additionally, rubber hysteresis data were obtained using a uniaxial tensile testing machine. Given the role of rubber hysteresis in determining its properties, this study identifies it as a parameter that influences the friction coefficient and aids friction coefficient prediction through artificial neural networks (ANN). The research results showed a high correlation between the friction coefficient values predicted by ANN and actual experimental results, confirming that designed ANN can be used to predict the values of friction coefficient when the rubber hysteresis value is known.
INTEGRATED DATA ACQUISITION PLATFORM FOR EXPLAINABLE CONTROL IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS
Authors: Cvetković Stevica , Stojiljković Dušan , Ćirić Ivan , Turudija Rajko , Špeletić Matija
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive data acquisition platform designed for the intelligent management of District Heating Systems (DHS), aiming to optimize energy efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and minimize heat loss. A DHS is a centralized network that transfers thermal energy to multiple buildings via an insulated pipeline infrastructure. Traditional DHS configurations rely on PLCs and SCADA for data collection and heating control, but integrating real-time monitoring and advanced decision-making capabilities can significantly enhance system efficiency. Our Data Acquisition Platform aggregates data from diverse sources, including IoT sensors, weather stations, and smart meters, into a unified database for time-series analysis. The platform supports automated data retrieval through cron job scheduling and integrates with SCADA systems for remote data collection and monitoring. It is integral part of an intelligent DHS control approach named XAI4HEAT. This approach leverages explainable artificial intelligence algorithms and model-based predictive control to dynamically adjust heat supply based on demand and weather forecasts. Key benefits of this approach include improved load balancing, optimized energy distribution, and the potential integration of alternative energy sources.
historia de la vejez en Estados Unidos (siglos XVII al XX)
Authors: Vivaldo Juan Pablo
Published: January 2025

La historia de la vejez como campo de estudio en Estados Unidos surgió en el último tercio del siglo XX como una combinación entre la historia social y la historia cultural. En este capítulo presento una revisión de la investigación sobre las experiencias de envejecer en dicho país desde el siglo XVII hasta nuestros días, a través de periódicos, libros y artículos de publicaciones científicas estadounidenses. El objetivo principal del texto es subrayar que, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX estadounidense, no solo despegó la investigación científica sobre el envejecimiento, sino también una reflexión más amplia que involucró esfuerzos colectivos por resolver los conflictos que afectaron a las personas envejecidas del país.
Reflexiones sobre la democracia y la verdad en la era de la IA (la posverdad y la normalización de las mayorías)
Authors: Mañón Garibay Guillermo José
Published: January 2025

Desde una cierta perspectiva, la IA y la democracia están en tensión, sobre todo cuando se considera que los algoritmos utilizados están diseñados con el fin de ganar y/o socavar la confianza en proyectos comunitarios. Ciertamente, desde tiempos antiguos, el pensamiento colectivo y la opinión pública han estado modelados por discursos persuasivos que aspiran a cambiar la opinión o a ponerla a la deriva. Pero ahora, en la era de la posverdad e IA, es cuando el sector público y privado (i. e., el poder institucional y factico) echan mano de herramientas como el Chatbot o el Chat GPT con el fin de validar sus intereses sesgados
El triunfo electoral de las mujeres en municipios mexicanos: un modelo teórico para la investigación
Authors: Burgos Carrillo Goretti Alejandra
Published: January 2025

El artículo analiza el fenómeno del triunfo electoral femenino en las elecciones municipales mexicanas, con el objetivo de identificar la teoría más adecuada para explicarlo. Se realiza una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura existente, organizando las teorías en tres categorías: individuales, electorales y políticas. A partir de esta revisión, la autora desarrolla un modelo teórico propio, que incluye supuestos, categorías de análisis y condiciones explicativas seleccionadas por su rigor teórico. El estudio culmina con consideraciones finales, y su propósito es ofrecer un marco teórico integral que facilite la comprensión y análisis de futuros procesos electorales donde el género sea una variable preponderante.
Experiencia de un examen virtual con monitoreo remoto: Perspectivas de los aspirantes a una residencia de psicología
Authors: Soto Perez Amanda R. , Silva Carolina , Ladenheim Roberta , Durante Eduardo , Eymann Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 requirió adaptar las estrategias para selección de residentes a modalidad virtual. Los exámenes virtuales presentan dificultades adicionales y requieren mecanismos de supervisión adecuados. El monitoreo remoto es un sistema de supervisión no presencial, que emplea técnicas que aseguran la calidad de la evaluación, y estudios en otros países han mostrado que es una solución viable para prevenir fraude.
Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de un examen de selección virtual con monitoreo remoto para el ingreso a la residencia de psicología en un hospital universitario en Argentina, con foco en la perspectiva de los participantes.
Método: Estudio mixto, de corte transversal. En 2020, se llevó a cabo el primer examen de selección para la residencia de psicología con monitoreo virtual en nuestro centro. Se envió un cuestionario electrónico anónimo a los participantes en este examen para evaluar sus perspectivas. Se describen asimismo las principales características de esta modalidad.
Resultados: Se obtuvieron 64 respuestas (tasa de respuesta 86%). El 92% eran mujeres, la edad promedio 27.9 ± 3.8 años. Según el 92% de los aspirantes, esta modalidad de examen permitió la evaluación de conocimientos. El 78% no consideró afectada su intimidad. La totalidad de los participantes repetirían la experiencia. Se identificaron como aspectos positivos la rapidez en la asistencia y disponibilidad de resultados, menos distracciones y la falta de necesidad de traslado, y como negativos, el riesgo de falla tecnológica y el riesgo de fraude.
Conclusiones: Los participantes estuvieron conformes con el examen virtual con monitoreo remoto y repetirían esta experiencia.
Trayectorias académicas de tres generaciones de una licenciatura en Medicina durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Bautista-Rodríguez Gabriela , Fortoul Teresa Imelda
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Al comportamiento de un grupo de estudiantes en algún establecimiento escolar desde el ingreso y hasta el egreso se le conoce como trayectorias académicas y se estudian con indicadores para predecir la eficiencia terminal e identificar estudiantes en riesgo. Diversos factores contextuales pueden afectar estas trayectorias.
Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 en las trayectorias académicas de los estudiantes de una licenciatura de medicina en una universidad pública.
Método: Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal, con un muestreo por conveniencia. Se obtuvo la información académica de todos los estudiantes que conformaron las cohortes 2016, 2017 y 2018. Mediante estadística descriptiva se obtuvieron los índices de: rendimiento académico, no acreditación, abandono, promoción y tiempo curricular, y se realizó un estudio de regresión lineal simple para buscar la predicción de la variable eficiencia terminal a tiempo curricular.
Resultados: Se estudiaron 3,753 estudiantes, de estos 1,245, 1,265 y 1,243 pertenecieron a las cohortes 2016, 2017 y 2018. El 66% fueron mujeres y 34% hombres. El rendimiento académico global en una escala de 0 al 10 fue de 8.6, 8.7 y 8.9. El índice de no acreditación fue de 16% y el de promoción de 64% en la cohorte 2016, mayores que en las cohortes 2017 y 2018. El índice de abandono fue de 36%, 56% y 54%, respectivamente; 64% de los estudiantes logró el 100% de créditos en la cohorte 2016, 44% en la 2017 y 46% en la cohorte 2018. En las tres cohortes rendimiento académico y promoción predijeron la eficiencia terminal a tiempo curricular con un R cuadrado ajustado mayor de 0.75, que explicó más del 75% de la varianza (p < 0.05).
Conclusiones: El rendimiento académico aumentó durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 al igual que en otras licenciaturas de las ciencias de la salud, probablemente por la difícil evaluación de los ciclos básicos y de la competencia clínica. El aumento del índice de abandono pudo ser provocado por el contexto pandémico al afectar aspectos económicos, laborales, de condiciones de salud y emocionales. Es necesario el diseño de estudios cualitativos o mixtos que brinden explicaciones más amplias de este fenómeno.
Intrusion detection system with an ensemble DAE and BiLSTM in the fog layer of IoT networks
Authors: Edakulathur G. F. , Sheeja S. , John A. , Joseph J.
Published: January 2025

The world is rapidly arriving at the period of the IoT, which connects all types of technology to digital services and provides us with great ease. As the quantity of IoT-connected equipment increases rapidly, there may be a rise in network vulnerabilities, leading to an increase in network threats. Fog computing seems to be a distinctive paradigm that includes the cloud's network's edge, including practical computation and vital infrastructure. As a result of easy access to resources, the fog layer renders the system susceptible to several threats. Tackling these challenges entails detecting intrusions and tracing the route leading to the source of the threat. The objective of this study is to offer a security mechanism and demonstrate how an intrusion detection system can guarantee the integrity of IoT networks. Based on deep learning (DL) approaches, several promising intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have been presented, however, they need time-consuming parameter adjustment in various situations. To address this issue, this study suggests a hybrid Deep Auto Encoder (DAE) and BiLSTM for item installation in the fog due to the need to safeguard essential infrastructure against prompt and efficient identification of malicious threats. Further sparrow search optimization algorithm is proposed for parameter tuning. Utilizing IoT-based data, we assess the effectiveness of our suggested model. The outcome of the experiment obtained by analyzing the suggested IDS utilizing CICIDS2017 and Bot-Iot datasets attested to their supremacy over modern systems that are currently available in terms of precision, accuracy, false alarm rate, and detection rate. To learn more about how well our model works, we added two additional metrics: Cohen's Kappa coefficients and Mathew correlation. The outcomes of our experiments and simulations showed that the suggested approach was stable and reliable across a variety of performance criteria. The experimental outcomes show that the proposed system can effectively describe normal activity inside fog nodes and identify various kinds of attacks.
Democracia e seus inimigos: a liberdade de expressão e o discurso de ódio no cenário político
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Luiz Felipe , De Ávila e Silva Sampaio Marília
Published: January 2025

O presente estudo objetiva conceituar e analisar o aumento dos extremismos e do discurso de ódio no cenário político, principalmente no Brasil. Busca-se verificar se os fenômenos são legítimos e inerentes à escolha de vida em sociedade, regida por um Estado Democrático de Direito, cuja tutela do direito de liberdade de expressão é fundamental, ou, se os limites impostos à liberdade de expressão legitimam que se censure os extremistas. Em sendo legítimo, a quem compete essa censura. Faz-se uma introdução sobre o ser humano, como ser social, e a necessidade do Estado como ente responsável pela regulação das interações humanas. Em seguida trata-se da democracia e seus fundamentos, cuja liberdade de expressão encontra papel de destaque. Aborda-se o aumento dos extremismos políticos no século XXI, exteriorizado, dentre outros, pelo discurso de ódio. Ao fim é abordada a dualidade entre a democracia e a liberdade de expressão, especialmente sobre a possiblidade (ou não) de impedimento ao discurso de ódio. Por meio do método hipotético-dedutivo, propõe-se uma conclusão que direciona para a necessidade da existência de mecanismos de defesa da democracia e contenção à irrestrita liberdade de expressão no sentido de não se tolerar os intolerantes.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida da produção de combustível derivado de resíduos urbanos utilizados no coprocessamento em fornos de cimento
Authors: Guedes Flávio Leôncio , Thomé Jucá José Fernando , Soraya Giovanetti El-deir
Published: January 2025

O aumento da geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil exige soluções eficientes. O tratamento térmico destaca-se por reduzir significativamente o volume de resíduos, e este estudo analisou o impacto ambiental do Combustível Derivado de Resíduos ao substituir combustíveis fósseis na indústria cimenteira. Os resultados mostram que o uso desse combustível alternativo pode reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa em até 85,98% em toda cadeia de suprimento, evitando 1.781,46 tCO2-eq.ano-1. Isso contribui para a mitigação das mudanças climáticas, sendo um benefício importante no contexto da transição para uma economia mais sustentável. Em relação ao poder calorífico, as variações observadas entre cenários não comprometem a eficiência energética, que apresenta um valor médio de 4.932 kcal.kg-1, o que o torna competitivo em relação aos combustíveis convencionais. Os maiores benefícios ambientais são a redução na exploração de petróleo e nas emissões de carbono na atmosfera, enquanto os impactos negativos estão relacionados ao uso de combustíveis no transporte e ao consumo de energia elétrica durante a fabricação, além da ecotoxicidade gerada pela queima nos fornos das cimenteiras. Este estudo reforça a viabilidade técnica e ambiental do tratamento térmico de resíduos, destacando-o como uma alternativa eficaz na gestão de resíduos e na substituição de combustíveis fósseis.
The Role of Honeybee Gut and Honey Microbiome in Sustainable Bee and Human Health
Authors: Hariprasath K. , Mohankumar S. , Sudha M. , Saranya N. , Saminathan V.R.
Published: January 2025

Honeybees are significant to agriculture and global ecosystems due to their role as key pollinators. The honeybee’s gut microbiota is necessary for maintaining their health, providing nutrition and protection against pathogens. The objective is to develop effective strategies to promote the well-being of honeybee species. This paper comprehensively reviews current literature utilizing advanced genomic techniques to characterize bee gut microbial diversity. It examines culture-independent and culture-dependent methods to classify microorganisms inhabiting the bee gut. Their symbiotic relationships and contributions to critical bee physiological processes are also explored. The gut microbiome holds an indispensable role in bee health by regulating immune function, nutrient absorption and defense against pathogens. Specific bacterial taxa like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Snodgrassella, Apibacter, Frischella and Gilliamella exhibit probiotic, antimicrobial and symbiotic properties that safeguard bee gut homeostasis. The unique microbial composition of honey, influenced by the bee gut microbiota and environment, holds potential prebiotic and probiotic benefits for human health. Maintaining a balanced bee gut microbiome through microbiome engineering could strengthen bee resistance to diseases, thereby addressing worldwide bee population declines. Further unravelling the health impacts of honey microbes could uncover novel therapeutic applications and advance sustainable apiculture and human nutrition initiatives.
Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Green and Brown Algae
Authors: Ramya A.K. , Sethumadhavan K. , Devika R.
Published: January 2025

Endophytic fungi have attracted considerable attention because of their diverse bioactive compounds and potential pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from green and brown algae. The isolates were obtained from various algal species, and their antioxidant potential was assessed using standard assays. The DPPH assay and reducing power assay were used to measure the antioxidant properties of fungal strains (Fug 03-07) against a specific biochemical process. The inhibitory potential of these strains was assessed using optical density (OD) at 517 nm and compared to the control group. Fug 05 consistently displayed the strongest inhibitory effect across all concentrations, suggesting its most potent influence on the process. Ascorbic acid mirrored these low OD values, confirming its inhibitory efficacy. Fug 09 displayed the highest percentage inhibition at lower concentrations, while Fug 07 emerged as the leader at higher concentrations. The observed concentration-dependent trend suggests that the inhibitory effects of fungal strains strengthen with increasing concentration, highlighting their potential for various applications. The strong inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid aligns with its known antioxidant properties. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and explore potential applications. The results indicate that these endophytic fungi possess significant antioxidant properties, making them promising candidates for further research in the field of natural antioxidants.
Comparing Police Decision-Making Errors and Stress Arousal During Video and Live Requalification Scenarios
Authors: Andersen Judith , Di Nota Paula
Published: January 2025

Despite the popularity in virtual reality (VR) simulation systems, there is a lack of research investigating how the presentation simulations (live vs. video) impact police performance.
The research examined lethal force decision-making and heart rate (HR) among 187 Canadian police officers completing their annual re-qualification evaluation, which involved both live reality-based scenarios and video-based simulations that were projected onto a wall.
Officers made more lethal force errors and had lower maximum heart rate during the video simulations compared to the live ones, which has implications for how officers are trained and evaluated.
Before investing limited funding on virtual simulation training to enhance performance in highpressure situations, police agencies should consider the findings reported in this research.
Can De-escalation Training Reduce Use of Force and Injuries to Citizens Without Risking Officer Safety?
Authors: Orosco Carlena , White Michael D. , Watts Seth
Published: January 2025

The authors evaluated the effects of customized police de-escalation training in Tempe, AZ, by comparing officers who did, or did not, receive the training. This training was designed with interpersonal skills, emotional regulation, tactical skills, and officer safety/wellness as key pillars, along with scenario-based assessments and refresher training. The authors investigated the impact of the training using administrative data, as well as body-worn camera (BWC) footage for all use of force incidents six months pre- and post-training. The key outcomes were use of force (overall and by type), encounter length, and citizen and officer injury.
Both officer groups saw declines in use of force encounters after training delivery, which is likely attributed to reduced police-citizen contacts due to the global pandemic. Trained officers decreased certain force types that are likely to cause injury (e.g., strikes). Trained officers also spent significantly more time on scene for use of force encounters. Finally, trained officers were less likely to injure community members when using force. These changes occurred with no increased risk of injury to officers who received the de-escalation training.
Effective Local Government Strategies for Addressing Crime Hot Spots
Authors: Gross Shader Claudia , Gill Charlotte , Zheng Xiaotian , Carleton Benjamin
Published: January 2025

Police-led crime prevention initiatives at crime hot spots can be effective, but they come with limitations. The police do not have the tools to deal with all the complex risk factors that create crime hot spots and some of the tools they do have can potentially damage community trust.
There are many effective strategies that local governments can implement to reduce or prevent crime at hot spots that don’t rely solely on police expertise. These include increasing guardianship, changing the physical environment, changing or enforcing policies and rules, and strengthening the capacity for community problem-solving.
It is imperative for local governments to help promote and build capacity for diagnosing the crime problem(s) at hot spots and understanding the specific local conditions that contribute to the crime at these locations.
Acuacultura y Covid-19: impactos en la producción de tilapia en la zona centro del Estado de Hidalgo, México
Authors: Acosta-Pérez Víctor Johan , Salinas Martínez Jesus Armando , Vega Sánchez Vicente , Zepeda Velázquez Andrea Paloma , Reyes Rodríguez Nydia Edith , Gómez De Anda Fabián Ricardo , De la Rosa Arana Jorge Luis , López Rivera Maria Isabel
Published: January 2025

La pandemia (COVID-19) causada por el virus SARSCov-2, fue un evento de alta importancia, con efectos adversos en las economías de muchos países, principalmente, los que se encuentran en vías de desarrollo; el evento afecto a la mayoría de las industrias, incluyendo las del sector agroalimentario. En México, la acuacultura, se considera una actividad agropecuaria de reciente desarrollo, con un potencial económico importante en algunas zonas del país, no obstante, su desarrollo fue afectado por la pandemia COVID-19. Por lo anterior, se recolecto información por medio de entrevistas semi estructuradas, para la evaluación de los efectos de la COVID-19, en los pequeños productores de tilapia del Valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, México. Esta evaluación, evidenció una pérdida de empleo de 23.53%, además 67.41% de las granjas, mencionó que su empresa presentó pérdidas, con un valor máximo por 10,335.13 USD en un año de cultivo. Las mermas, se vieron asociadas principalmente, con desfases en las ventas (35.29%) y la pérdida de los canales de comercialización (41.17%). No obstante, las granjas mencionaron, que la recuperación económica de sus empresas, puede apoyarse de acciones como la aplicación de valor agregado al producto (52.94%) y apoyos de financiamiento en la adquisición de crías (35.29%). Los efectos identificados de la COVID-19 en la acuacultura de tilapia, mostraron tendencias que pueden resultar útiles en el desarrollo estrategias de mitigación y recuperación de esta industria.
“O corpo trans é a colônia”: notas sobre o sujeito
Authors: Rodrigues Carla , Paz Caio
Published: January 2025

Resumo
Este artigo realiza uma articulação entre a teoria queer e as críticas ao sujeito, ao humanismo e à identidade. Com isso, ele evidencia como uma crítica à heteronormatividade é indissociável dos trabalhos críticos que foram feitos ao longo do século XX e XXI a respeito da universalidade do sujeito. Ou seja, a formulação de um sujeito humano universal produziu os seus Outros, que, enquanto tais, são relegados a uma posição subalterna de subjugação. Por meio da formulação de Paul Preciado, segundo a qual o corpo trans é a colônia, este texto articula a crítica a esse sujeito universal às reflexões sobre o colonialismo. Trata-se, desse modo, de exibir não apenas que a produção de um sujeito transparente e universal é uma violenta invenção europeia, mas também que essa sua universalidade pressuposta só pôde ser sustentada por meio da colonização do mundo. Assim, a crítica descolonial ajuda a destituir a centralidade que a Europa reivindicou para si e, a um só tempo, questionar os efeitos do colonialismo na produção dos corpos.
Palavras-chave: Teoria Queer; Sujeito; Humanismo; Identidade; Colonialismo.
 
Abstract
This article articulates queer theory with critiques of the subject, humanism and identity. In doing so, it highlights how a critique of heteronormativity is inseparable from the critical work that has been done throughout the 20th and 21st centuries regarding the universality of the subject. That is, the formulation of a universal human subject has produced its Others, who, as such, are relegated to a subordinate position of subjugation. Through Paul Preciado's formulation, according to which the trans body is the colony, this text articulates the critique of this universal subject to reflections on colonialism. It is thus a question of showing not only that the production of a transparent and universal subject is a violent European invention, but also that its presupposed universality could only be sustained through the colonisation of the world. Thus, decolonial critique helps to dismiss the centrality that Europe has claimed for itself and, at the same time, to question the effects of colonialism on the production of bodies.
Keywords: Queer Theory; Subject; Humanism; Identity; Colonialism.
Um punhado de balas: temporalidades queer e intimidades a partir do vírus
Authors: Huerta Sol
Published: January 2025

Ensaio.
O que pode um corpo lésbico?
Authors: Biondo de Araújo Clara
Published: January 2025

Ensaio.
Tradução – Amor-queer? Diretamente no coração da heteronormatividade?
Authors: Seelaender da Costa Verena
Published: January 2025

Tradução.
Número 30 Completo
Authors: Estudos Políticos Revista
Published: January 2025

Número 30 Completo.