bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Baha’i ‘Race Amity’ Movement and the Black Intelligentsia in Jim Crow America: Alain Locke and Robert S. Abbott
Authors: Buck Christopher
Published: October 2012

This study demonstrates how the Baha’i ‘Race Amity’ efforts effectively reached the black intelligentsia during the Jim Crow era, attracting the interest and involvement of two influential giants of the period – Alain Leroy Locke, PhD (1885–1954) and Robert
S. Abbott, LLB (1870–1940). Locke affiliated with the Baha’i Faith in 1918, and Abbott formally joined the Baha’i religion in 1934. Another towering figure in the black intelligentsia, W. E. B. Du Bois (1868–1963) – whose first wife, Nina Du Bois (d. 1950), was
a member of the New York Baha’i community – had sustained, for a period of time, consider¬able interest in the Baha’i movement, as documented in a forthcoming special issue of the Journal of Religious History, guest edited by Todd Lawson. These illustrious figures –
W. E. B. Du Bois, Alain L. Locke and Robert S. Abbott – are ranked as the 4th, 36th and 41st most influential African Americans in American history. It is not so much the intrinsic message of the Baha’i religion that attracted the interest of the black intelligentsia, but rather
the Baha’i emphasis on ‘race amity’ – representing what, by Jim Crow standards, may be regarded as a socially audacious – even radical – application of the Baha’i ethic of world unity, from family relations to international relations, to the prevailing
American social crisis.
Assessment techniques practiced in teaching art at Sultan Qaboos University in Oman
Authors: AL-AMRI MOHAMMED
Published: October 2012

Assessment in general, and in art and design in particular, is a problematic issue. Nevertheless, it is essential to inform teaching and learning n art and design education and to identify patterns of art achievement and development within different student groups. Assessment also provides
a basis for art education epartments to be accountable to their communities for student learning in all visual art disciplines. In this study, the researcher draws attention to a number of important issues regarding the assessment techniques used in assessing students’ work at Sultan
Qaboos University (SQU) in Oman. The data from this research provide some indication of the problems of using a non-standardized system for assessing creative art courses at SQU. It appears that there is a need to re-think the assessment techniques practised in teaching art studio ourses at
SQU for better preparation of art teachers as well as to try to find new mechanisms for implementing commonly practised assessment methods in art education. As a result, it is important to have appropriate approaches to the assessment of art-studio courses, and they should take into account
developments in the field.
Where does 'die Asta' belong? The role of national identity in Asta Nielsen's German and Danish reception in the early 1920s
Authors: ALLEN JULIE K.
Published: October 2012

This article analyses the phenomenon of the discursive Germanization of the Danish silent film star Asta Nielsen in the Danish press of the early 1920s, emblematized by the increasing use of the value-laden moniker 'die Asta', in order to illustrate the symbolic implications for the
Danish economy and culture of Nielsen's professional success in post-World War I Germany. By contrasting Nielsen with her rival Henny Porten, who represents an ideal of traditional Germanic womanhood, I demonstrate how Nielsen's reception in Germany as quintessentially Nordic runs counter
to a widespread Danish perception of her as having abandoned her homeland in favour of a German national identity. While the rejection of Nielsen in Denmark can be interpreted as the result of a peculiarly Danish narrow-mindedness, the discrepancy between Nielsen's early popularity in Denmark
and her reception in the late 1910s and the early 1920s also offers evidence of the significance of economic and political factors.
Ole Olsen's sense of film
Authors: THORSEN ISAK
Published: October 2012

This short subject concerns a memo from June 1916 discovered in an attic at Nordisk Film's studios in Valby, Copenhagen, written by General Manager Ole Olsen of Nordisk Films Kompagni to the company's directors. The memo is a dressing-down of the directors; contrary to the assumption
that the company was blind to the quality of its films, the memo demonstrates Ole Olsen and the management's concern that quality has declined.
Frozen style and strong emotions of panic and separation: Trier's prologues to Antichrist and Melancholia
Authors: GRODAL TORBEN
Published: October 2012

This article analyses the aesthetics of two Trier prologues using cognitive psychology. It focuses on how the films evoke anxiety and panic, and how the panic is contained by means of providing visual and musical aesthetic order to the dynamic emotional forces; by providing ambiguous
reality indicators; and by cueing sublime submission to fate.
Jan Troell’s fleeting still moments
Authors: BRUHN JØRGEN , GJELSVIK ANNE
Published: October 2012

This article investigates the role of photography in the Swedish auteur Jan Troell's film Maria Larssons eviga ögonblick/Everlasting Moments (2008) in the light of different perspectives on medium specificity, photography and adaptation. We argue that Jan Troell, by way of cinema,
discusses key characteristics and functions of photography. In so doing, the film, in addition to telling the tale of a historical female photographer, raises a number of questions concerning media theory, media ontology and history. We introduce the term 'fleeting still moments' in order
to account for Troell's particular cinematic strategy, negotiating movement and stills. Accordingly, the central questions in our study are as follows: what are the differences and similarities between cinema and photography? And to what degree can the differences be framed within the traditional
divide between cinema's movement and photography's stillness?
Asta's ink: The Stockholm letters
Authors: OLSSON JAN
Published: October 2012

This article offers a condensed account of Asta Nielsen's interaction with the Swedish National Censorship Board in 1911 after the banning of her film In dem großen Augenblick/The Great Moment for screening in Sweden. Her strategy, publishing open letters and inviting representatives
from the press to non-public screenings, set the standard for other film companies dissatisfied with the slew of bans issued by the Board. A Nielsen letter to young movie fans, published in facsimile in a Swedish fan magazine in 1920, is translated to illustrate a different type of press interaction
a decade later.
Working-class girls in a welfare state: Finnishness, social class and gender in Aki Kaurismäki's Workers' Trilogy (1986-1990)
Authors: KIVIMÄKI SANNA
Published: October 2012

The Workers' Trilogy (or Proletarian Trilogy) directed by the Finnish director Aki Kaurismäki includes the films Shadows in Paradise (1986), Ariel (1988) and The Match Factory Girl (1990). Commentators and researchers on these films have tended to concentrate mainly on topics such
as nationality, intertextual references and the style of the auteur, and not, for example, on the identities of the workers, their gender or their age. In this article I focus on gender, looking especially at the female characters depicted in the trilogy in relation to social class, and considering
in particular the articulation of gender and poverty in Finland in the late 1980s/early 1990s. I examine The Match Factory Girl in more detail; it is the only Kaurismäki film with a female protagonist, Iris Rukka. In my analysis I borrow ideas from sociology, cultural studies and women's
studies. I also discuss the contradictory reactions that may be evoked by these films.
Zufall, Koinzidenz und Kontingenz bei Herodot
Authors: Schubert Charlotte , Sier Kurt
Published: October 2012

Das Phänomen des Zufalls, für Koselleck ein Unterscheidungskriterium in der Gegenüberstellung von antiker und moderner historischer Methodik, ist für die antike Historiographie noch nicht erschöpfend aufgearbeitet worden. Am Beispiel von Herodot wollen wir zeigen, wie eine mit fiktionalen Elementen arbeitende Historiographie zum Ausdruck bringt, dass historische Konsistenzbildung immer schon Konstruktion ist, und wie im Medium der Erzählung eine zwar nicht explizierte, aber durchaus komplexe Theorie geschichtlicher Hermeneutik abgebildet sein kann. Herodot weist dem Zufall und dem Kontingenten eine wichtige heuristische Funktion bei der historischen Urteilsbildung zu. An markanten Stellen seines Werks beschreibt er ‚zufällige‘ Koinzidenzen geographisch getrennter Ereignisse (die Schlachten von Salamis (Griechenland) und Himera (Sizilien) fanden 480 v. Chr. am selben Tag statt, ebenso wie die Schlachten bei Platää und Mykale 479 v. Chr., diese darüber hinaus auch beide an einem Demeter-Heiligtum). Er verschränkt hierbei die Perspektive der Akteure mit der ex post-Perspektive des Historikers, und seine ἱστορίη macht oft genug deutlich, dass Ereignisse, die den ins Geschehen Involvierten unerwartet und überraschend und nur als Zufall erscheinen mögen, aus der Distanz des geschichtlichen Rückblicks ihre Sinnhaftigkeit oder doch eine strukturell wichtige Weichenstellung zu erkennen geben. Was dem mit dem ‚Zufall‘ konfrontierten Akteur als solcher erscheint, überführt der Historiker in ein strukturbildendes (also narrativ sinnvolles) Element seiner Darstellung. Der Zufall wird durch die historiographische Perspektive ex post seines bloß zufälligen Charakters entkleidet und zur geschichtlichen Frage.
William Penn und sein Essay „Towards the Present and Future Peace of Europe“ (1693). Friedensfürst, Vordenker europäischer Einigung oder Machtpolitiker?
Authors: Patel Kiran Klaus
Published: October 2012

William Penn’s „An Essay Towards the Present and Future Peace of Europe; by the Establishment of an European Dyet, Parliament, Or Estates“ aus dem Jahr 1693 gehört zu den Schriften, die in keiner ideengeschichtlichen Analyse von Plänen europäischer Einigung fehlt. Dennoch lässt sich das Werk des berühmten Quäkers nur schwer einordnen, vor allem dann, wenn man sich für Penns Motive interessiert und für den spezifischen Erfahrungshorizont, vor dem er seine Überlegungen formulierte. Der Aufsatz geht diesen Problemen nach und verdeutlicht neben den relativ gut bekannten idealistischen Motiven Penns, wie sehr sein Text auf konkrete politische Probleme seiner Zeit reagierte. Bei allem Idealismus offenbart sich so ein zutiefst realistisch-pragmatischer Zug in Penns Denken. Darüber hinaus wird die These vertreten, dass nicht nur die Ideen und politischen Konstellation seiner Zeit erörtert werden müssen, um Penns Motive für den Essay zu verstehen. Vielmehr verfolgte Penn damit auch handfeste eigene Interessen. In diesem Sinne ist der Essay als Versuch zu lesen, seinen Autor nach der „Glorious Revolution“ von 1688 politisch zu rehabilitieren. Weiterhin wird Penns Friedensschrift mit seiner außereuropäischen Erfahrung in Amerika in Beziehung gesetzt. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die amerikanische Erfahrung nur sehr vermittelt in den Essay einfloss und eine wichtige Ambivalenz in Penns Denken aufzeigt. Dieses erweist sich als eurozentrischer, als es die Forschung bisher gesehen hat; es stellt sogar einen wichtigen Beitrag dazu dar, Eurozentrismus als solchen erst zu begründen
Die Sichtbarkeit der Macht. Symbolische Repräsentation von Herrschaft im napoleonischen Kaiserreich
Authors: Rowe Michael
Published: October 2012

Die Phase von 1789 bis 1815 war gekennzeichnet vom Wechsel der Regime. Die neuen Staaten wiesen ein großes Legitimationsdefizit auf. Auf lange Sicht glichen die Nationalismen diesen Mangel aus, indem sie eine Erinnerungskultur erfanden. Während der Umbruchsjahre waren indessen andere Strategien erforderlich. Das traditionelle Zeremoniell war von den Aufklärern unterminiert worden. Für die französischen Revolutionäre waren aufwändige Zeremonien verdächtig, weil sie den Eindruck verstärkten, dass der Staat über seinen Untertanen stehe, was der neuen Idee der Staatsbürgerschaft zuwiderlief. Die praktische Regierungserfahrung nach 1789 erzeugte jedoch eine neue Wertschätzung für ausdifferenzierte Strategien der Repräsentation, wie sie nach 1799 im napoleonischen Staat eingeführt wurden. Inhaltlich wurde das neue Zeremoniell nicht nur von der französischen Geschichte inspiriert, sondern auch von Themen des größeren französischen Empires mit Einschluss des Rheinlandes. „Anleihen“ bei der Peripherie des Empire trugen zur Stabilisierung des Zentrums bei. Es wäre allerdings irreführend, die napoleonische Repräsentationskultur nur als eine von oben verordnete Maßnahme zu betrachten, die darauf abzielte, die Bevölkerung zu beeindrucken. Paradoxerweise gab es nämlich den einfachen administrés, unter ihnen auch marginalisierten Gruppen wie den Frauen und den Juden, die Gelegenheit, einen öffentlichen Status zu bekräftigen, der ihnen ansonsten verwehrt blieb. Letztlich könnte die napoleonische Repräsentationsstrategie als ein Fehlschlag betrachtet werden, denn schließlich ging das Regime im Jahr 1815 unter. Das allein diskreditiert die Methoden Napoleons aber nicht, wie der Vergleich der napoleonischen Periode im Rheinland mit der nachfolgenden preußischen Epoche und ihrem offenkundigen Repräsentationsdefizit zeigt.
Titanate nanotubes: preparation, characterization and application in adsorption of strontium ion from aqueous solution
Authors: Kasap S. , Piskin S. , Tel Huseyin
Published: October 2012

The adsorptive removal potential of Sr2+ ions with titanate nanotubes (TNT) was investigated. Titanate nanotubes were synthesized via hydrothermal treatment of anatase titania powders and concentrated NaOH solution. Morphological and structural properties of titanate nanotubes were determined by XRD, BET and HRTEM. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed that uniform nanotubes with inner diameters of ≈ 4 nm and outer diameters of ≈ 12 nm were obtained. The adsorption behaviors of Sr2+ ions on the TNT were also investigated. As a result of the experimental data, it was concluded that TNT are good adsorbents for the removal of Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions with an adsorption capacity reaching of 66.72 mg/g. The adsorption mechanisms of Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions onto TNT were examined with aid of model analyses of the adsorption equilibrium and kinetic data of Sr2+ ions. The rate constant has been calculated for 288, 298, 308 and 318 K. Thermodynamic parameters for the sorption system have been determined.
Mixed calcium-magnesium pre-nucleation clusters enrich calcium
Authors: Verch Andreas , Antonietti Markus , Cölfen Helmut
Published: October 2012

It is demonstrated that magnesium and carbonate ions can form pre-nucleation clusters in analogy to calcium carbonate. If a mixed calcium and magnesium solution is brought in contact with carbonate ions, mixed pre-nucleation clusters form. The equilibrium constants for their formation are reported revealing that over the entire range of possible cation mixing ratios, calcium gets enriched over magnesium in the pre-nucleation clusters. This can explain high magnesium contents in amorphous calcium carbonate. However, this enrichment alone is not sufficient to explain the magnesium content of less than 41 mol% which is found in magnesium calcite biominerals nucleated from seawater.
The multiple effects of amino acids on the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization
Authors: Picker Andreas , Kellermeier Matthias , Seto Jong , Gebauer Denis , Cölfen Helmut
Published: October 2012

Proteins have found their way into many of Nature’s structures due to their structural stability, diversity in function and composition, and ability to be regulated as well as be regulators themselves. In this study, we investigate the constitutive amino acids that make up some of these proteins which are involved in CaCO3mineralization – either in nucleation, crystal growth, or inhibition processes. By assaying all 20 amino acids with vapor diffusion and in situ potentiometric titration, we have found specific amino acids having multiple effects on the early stages of CaCO3crystallization. These same amino acids have been independently implicated as constituents in liquid-like precursors that form mineralized tissues, processes believed to be key effects of biomineralization proteins in several biological model systems.
Current practice of Positive Family Planning Service in the National Institute of Child Healt in the last six years
Authors: Erős Erika , Hajós Anett , Kovács Réka , Supák Dorina
Published: October 2012

The aim of positive family planning is to prevent preterm delivery and congenital abnormalities. Using primer prevention models at this time helps to prevent the common disorders which are the leading causes of death. The mission of the National Institute of Child Health is to promote preconceptional health and thus, mother and baby’s health. This article introduces the practice of our institute’s family planning department and the last six years’ experiences. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1667–1673.
Survivors, not invaders, control forest development following simulated hurricane
Authors: Plotkin Audrey Barker , Foster David , Carlson Joel , Magill Alison
Published: October 2012

Wind disturbance profoundly shapes temperate forests but few studies have evaluated patterns and mechanisms of long‐term forest dynamics following major windthrows. In 1990, we initiated a large hurricane simulation experiment in a 0.8‐ha manipulation (pulldown) and 0.6‐ha control area of a maturing Quercus rubra–Acer rubrum forest in New England. We toppled 276 trees in the pulldown, using a winch and cable, in the northwesterly direction of natural treefall from major hurricanes. Eighty percent of canopy trees and two‐thirds of all trees ≥5 cm dbh (diameter at breast height) suffered direct and indirect damage. We used 20 years of measurements to evaluate the trajectory and mechanisms of forest response after intense disturbance. Based on the patch size and disturbance magnitude, we expected pioneer tree and understory species to drive succession.

The first decade of analyses emphasized tree seedling establishment and sprouting by damaged trees as the dominant mechanisms of forest recovery in this extensive damaged area. However, despite 80% canopy damage and 8000‐m2 patch size, surviving overstory and advance regeneration controlled longer‐term forest development. Residual oaks make up 42% of stand basal area after 20 years. The new cohort of trees, dominated by black birch advance regeneration, contributes 30% of stand basal area. There were shifts in understory vegetation composition and cover, but few species were gained or lost after 20 years. Stand productivity rebounded quickly (litterfall recovered to pre‐disturbance levels in six years), but we predict that basal area in the pulldown will lag behind the control (which gained 6 m2/ha over 20 years) for decades to come. This controlled experiment showed that although the scale and intensity of damage were great, abundant advance regeneration, understory vegetation, and damaged trees remained, allowing the forest to resist changes in ecosystem processes and invasion by new species.
Palliative chemotherapy followed by consolidation radiotherapy in patients with advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer not suitable for radical treatment
Authors: Eldeeb Hany , Camileri Philip , Mak Choi
Published: October 2012

Background: This is a retrospective study to assess the effectiveness of
consolidation radiotherapy (CRT) following palliative chemotherapy in
patients with metastatic or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC) who are not suitable for radical treatment. Methods: This study
involved retrospective analysis of a prospective database of Northampton
Oncology Center from January 2005 through December 2010, 63 patients with
advanced/metastatic NSCLC treated at the oncology center were enrolled.
Patients were either treated with high dose (39/36 Gy /13-12 fractions,
group 1) or low dose (20 Gy /5 fractions, group 2) CRT or there were those
who were not offered any CRT (group 3). Results: There was no significant
difference between the three groups as regard age, sex, performance status,
comorbidities or chemotherapy given. However, there was a statistically
significant difference as regard the stage P = 0.009 with more stage IV
patients at group II and III compared to group I. The mean survival for the
three groups was 27m, 14m & 15m respectively. There was a statistically
significant improvement of survival in patients treated with high dose
palliative CRT compared to the other two groups (P = 0.006). In multivariate
analysis only the radiotherapy dose remains as the only statistical
significant factor affecting the survival with hazard ratio 0.372 and
confidence interval (0.147-0.726). Conclusion: Despite the limitation of our
retrospective study, it is worth considering CRT approach for patients with
advanced and metastatic NSCLC - not suitable for radical treatment - who
have not progressed on chemotherapy.
Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in fine needle aspirates of women with breast cancer
Authors: Divani Smaroula , Giovani Angeliki
Published: October 2012

Background: HPV infection is the most commonly distributed sexually
transmitted disease. Human papillomavirus has also been linked to malignant
tumors of many human organs. The presence of viral DNA in breast cancer cells
is controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate the
presence of HPV-DNA in a group of Greek women with breast carcinoma. Methods:
Liquid cytology specimens from 35 malignant breast cases and 35 cases with
benign breast lesions were investigated by PCR (clinical arrays technique).
In addition, in situ hybridization was performed on all HPV positive cases.
Results: HPV-DNA was detected in 17.14% of the carcinoma cases and HPV16 DNA
was present in 83.3% of them. All benign breast lesions were negative for
HPV-DNA. Conclusion: Our report confirmed the presence of HPV in breast
cancer cells while the most prevalent type was HPV16. More studies are
necessary in order to elucidate the pathogenesis of HPV and a possible way of
prevention of some breast cancers.
Surgery before common era (B.C.E.)
Authors: Dobanovacki Dusanka , Milovanovic Ljiljana , Slavkovic Andjelka , Tatic Milanka , Miskovic Skeledzija , Skoric-Jokic Svetlana , Pecanac Marija
Published: October 2012

Based on skeleton examination, cave-paintings and mummies the study of
prehistoric medicine tells that the surgical experience dated with skull
trepanning, male circumcision and warfare wound healing. In prehistoric
tribes, medicine was a mixture of magic, herbal remedy, and superstitious
beliefs practiced by witch doctors. The practice of surgery was first
recorded in clay tablets discovered in ancient rests of Mesopotamia,
translation of which has nowadays been published in Diagnoses in Assyrian
and Babylonian Medicine. Some simple surgical procedures were performed like
puncture and drainage, scraping and wound treatment. The liability of
physicians who performed surgery was noted in a collection of legal
decisions made by Hammurabi about the principles of relationship between
doctors and patients. Other ancient cultures had also had surgical knowledge
including India, China and countries in the Middle East. The part of ancient
Indian ayurvedic system of medicine devoted to surgery Sushruta Samhita is a
systematized experience of ancient surgical practice, recorded by Sushruta
in 500 B.C.E. Ancient Indian surgeons were highly skilled and familiar with
a lot of surgical procedures and had pioneered plastic surgery. In the
ancient Egyptian Empire medicine and surgery developed mostly in temples:
priests were also doctors or surgeons, well specialized and educated. The
Edwin Smith Papyrus, the world?s oldest surviving surgical text, was written
in the 17th century B.C.E., probably based on material from a thousand years
earlier. This papyrus is actually a textbook on trauma surgery, and
describes anatomical observation and examination, diagnosis, treatment, and
prognosis of numerous injuries in detail. Excavated mummies reveal some of
the surgical procedures performed in the ancient Egypt: excision of the
tumors, puncture and drainage pus abscesses, dentistry, amputation and even
skull trepanation, always followed by magic and spiritual procedures.
Various types of instruments were innovated, in the beginning made of stone
and bronze, later of iron. Under the Egyptian influence, surgery was
developed in ancient Greece and in Roman Empire. Prosperity of surgery was
mostly due to practice in treating numerous battlefield injuries. Records
from the pre-Hippocrates period are poor, but after him, according to many
writings, medicine and surgery became a science, medical schools were formed
all over the Mediterranean, and surgeons were well-trained professionals.
Ancient surgery closed a chapter when Roman Empire declined, standing-by up
to the 18th century when restoration of the whole medicine began.
The road to conflict resolution: A comparative analysis of frozen conflicts in the OSCE area
Authors: Trapara Vladimir , Joncic Milos
Published: October 2012

In this paper the authors comparatively analyze the frozen conflicts in the
OSCE area with an objective to discover specific features of the road to
their solution. An accent has been put on the post-Soviet conflicts, while
Kosovo and Cyprus are treated as subsidiary cases. A decisive element of the
frozen conflict definition is a disharmony between the legal and factual
state regarding territorial changes which took place as a consequence of an
armed conflict. Thus, the international law aspect is the most important in
considering possibilities for settlement of these conflicts. Other aspects
which are analyzed in the paper are security, energy, economic, and
democratic ones. The common conclusion of the analysis of each of these
aspects is that the USA and Russia are the key actors which influence these
frozen conflicts? resolution. In the absence of their consensus, these
conflicts are doomed to remain frozen in the long run.
A faceted eye on intellectual giftedness: Examining the personality of gifted students using FFM domains and facets
Authors: Altaras-Dimitrijevic Ana
Published: October 2012

The study examines the personality profile of gifted vs. average-ability
students from the perspective of the FFM. The issue was approached by (1)
reviewing the literature for well-established personality characteristics of
the gifted, (2) establishing correspondences between these traits and FFM
domains/facets, and (3) formulating a domain and a facet-level model which
were hypothesized to discriminate significantly between gifted and nongifted
students. The domain-level model consisted of Openness and Agreeableness. The
facet-level model included 14 traits: Anxiety, Impulsiveness, Gregariousness,
Assertiveness, Fantasy, Feelings, Aesthetics, Ideas, Compliance, Modesty,
Tendermindedness, Order, Achievement, and Deliberation. The models were
tested on three samples (N1=515 high-school students, 155 gifted; N2=132
psychology students, 28 gifted; N3=443 psychology students, 91 gifted).
Results indicate that the domain-level model does not discriminate
significantly between gifted and nongifted students in each sample, whereas
the proposed 14-facet model yields a significant discrimination across all
samples. The latter model may be further adjusted by removing facets which
proved inconsistent or unsubstantial in distinguishing between the two
groups. This yields a 7-facet discriminant function, which is also
significant across samples, indicating that gifted students are consistently
distinguished by a combination of high Ideas, Fantasy, Aesthetics, and
Assertiveness, but low Gregariuosness, Modesty, and Tendermindeness.
Educational implications and limitations are discussed.
Psychometric properties of the Serbian version of the Empathy Quotient (S-EQ)
Authors: Dimitrijevic Aleksandar , Hanak Natasa , Vukosavljevic-Gvozden Tatjana , Opacic Goran
Published: October 2012

In the present study we examined psychometric properties of the Serbian
translation of the Empathy Quotient scale (S-EQ). The translated version of
the EQ was applied on a sample of 694 high-school students. A sub-sample
consisting of 375 high-school students also completed the Interpersonal
Reactivity Index (IRI), another widely used empathy measure. The following
statistical analyses were applied: internal consistency analysis, explanatory
(EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses, and factor congruence analysis.
Correlation with IRI and gender differences were calculated to demonstrate
validity of the instrument. Results show that the Serbian 40-item version of
EQ has lower reliability (Cronbach?s alpha = .782) than the original. The
originally proposed one factor structure of the instrument was not confirmed.
The short version with 28 items showed better reliablity (alpha= .807). The
three-factor solution (cognitive empathy, emotional reactivity, and social
skills) showed good cross-sample stability (Tucker congruence coefficient
over .8) but the results of CFA confirmed the solution proposed in the
reviewed literature only partially. The mean scores are similar to those
obtained in the other studies, and, as expected, women have significantly
higher scores than men. Correlations with all subscales of IRI are
statistically significant for the first two subscales of EQ, but not for the
?social skills.? We concluded that the Serbian version of the ?Empathy
Quotient? is a useful research tool which can contribute to cross-cultural
studies of empathy, although its psychometric characteristics are not as good
as those obtained in the original study. We also suggest that a 28-item
should be used preferably to the original 40-item version.
Personality-related determinants of criminal recidivism
Authors: Medjedovic Janko , Kujacic Daliborka , Knezevic Goran
Published: October 2012

The goal of this study was to explore personality-related determinants of
recidivism, with recidivism being defined as a) the number of lawful
sentences a person had (criminal legal recidivism), and b) the number of
prison sentences pronounced (penal recidivism). The study was carried out in
two independent samples: a) convicts from the Correctional Institution of
Belgrade - Penitentiary of Padinska Skela (N=113), and b) convicts from the
Special Prison Hospital in Belgrade (N =112). The variables of the
Five-Factor Model of Personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness,
Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) were measured, together with two
additional basic personality traits: Disintegration (a broad dimension of
psychosis-proneness), and Amorality (three factors representing a disposition
to amoral forms of behavior). In addition, psychopathy (Manipulative and
Antisocial tendencies) - a psychological entity expected to most successfully
predict criminal recidivism - was measured as well. The efficiency of
prediction of the two criteria of recidivism was assessed separately in each
of those two samples. The results revealed differences in the orchestration
of predictors depending on the kind of recidivism as the criterion and the
severity of offense. The most important predictors of both forms of
recidivism in the sample of convicts with lower intensity of criminal
behavior were psychopathic traits. However, in the sample of convicts with
higher intensity and variety of criminal behavior, the most important
predictors of the number of sentences were Antisociality and Amorality
Induced by Frustration, while the most important predictors of the number of
prison sanctions were Amorality Induced by Brutality and Disintegration.
Evaluation of the internet use disorder scale
Authors: Hinic Darko
Published: October 2012

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the Internet Use Disorder Scale
administered to the sample of Internet users in Serbia, as well as to confirm
its factorial structure and correlate it with some parameters of Internet
use. The total sample included 280 participants, divided into the clinical
(70) and control group (210), age (M=26.73, SD=7.830). The control group was
randomly formed out of the total number of the participants (327) who
voluntarily responded to the test battery and fulfilled the entry criteria.
The clinical group comprised the subjects who had sought professional help
due to the symptoms of dysfunctional Internet use in some of the institutions
or private psychiatric and psycho-therapeutic practices in Serbia, all of
whom met the classification criteria of Internet use disorder. The internal
consistency of the scale is ?=.944, and through factor analysis three factors
were extracted, together explaining 67.23% of the total variance: Inability
to control behaviour and the consequences, Internet preoccupation and
responses to deprivation, Social consequences of Internet use disorder. A
statistically significant difference between the total scores of the clinical
and control group on the scale was reported (t(278)=20.434; p<.000), and all
individual items showed significant discriminative values with 89.6% of the
participants regularly classified into appropriate categories. In addition, a
significant positive correlation between the PUI score and the amount of
hours spent online was found (r=.524; p<.001), however the analysis did not
show any correlation with the work experience and age variables, nor
significant differences by the sex, education and place of residence
criterion in the clinical group. These results are similar to the ones with
the control group accept for a low correlation between the PUI score and age
(r=-0.253; p=.001).
Reliability and relationship of colposcopical, cytological and hystopathological findings in the diagnostic process
Authors: Milenkovic Vera , Sparic Radmila , Dotlic Jelena , Tulic Lidija , Mirkovic Ljiljana , Milenkovic Svetlana , Atanackovic Jasmina
Published: October 2012

Background/Aim. The question about the accuracy of cytology and colposcopy is
more and more asked due to false positive and negative findings on the basis
of which the decision on biopsy is made. The aim of this study was to examine
reliability of biopsies based only on abnormal colposcopical findings, before
receiving the results of Papanicolaou (PA) smear, by comparing findings of
colposcopical, cytological and histopathological (HP) examinations as well as
determining validity of these diagnostic methods. Methods. The study involved
all patients who had their regular colposcopical and cytological examinations
in the outpatient department during a two-year period (2009-2010) in the
Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade.
The material for HP examination was obtained by colposcopically directed
biopsy, due to abnormal colposcopical findings and without waiting for PA
smear results. The data obtained by these methods were statistically analyzed
and compared. Furthermore, validity of colposcopical and cytological
examinations was assessed. Results. Out of 127 patients highly significantly
more patients had more malignant cervical changes on colposcopical exam
compared to HP (p = 0.000), and cytological exam (p = 0.000). Highly
significantly more patients had more malignant cervical changes on PA smear
than HP exam (p = 0.000), unless when findings were assessed in the widest
sense of benign and malignant changes when there were no significant
differences in these findings (p = 0,450). Sensitivity of colposcopy as a
diagnostic method was 87.5%, specificity 24.14%, positive predictive value
(+PV) was 34.65% and negative predictive value (-PV) 80.77%. Sensitivity of
PA smear as a diagnostic method was 62.5%, specificity 87.36%, +PV was
69.44%, and -PV 83.52%. Conclusion. Regarding the results of our study it is
best to make a decision on treatment according to findings of all the three
methods. Cytological analysis is more reliable than colposcopical
examination. Therefore, it is advisable that following abnormal colposcopical
findings, PA smear should always be taken and only after receiving the
results further diagnostics can be planned (biopsy and HP). A final decision
on the therapy has to be made based on HP findings which are the only method
that can give the ultimate reliable diagnosis of cervical changes.
Plastic reorganisation of human motor cortex
Authors: Ilic Tihomir , Ilic Nela
Published: October 2012

nema
Possibilities of thermovision application in sport and sport rehabilitation
Authors: Badza Vukasin , Jovancevic Vojin , Fratric Franja , Roglic Goran , Sudarov Nenad
Published: October 2012

Introduction. Infrared thermography or thermovision is increasingly
applicable in sport and sport rehabilitation. Thermic forms, thermic
imprints, temperature and isotherm distribution, temperature gradient change
are the terms that are more and more often met in sport medicine and
medicine, in general. Case report. We presented two examples of thermovision
application: in detection of muscle injury and changes of the feet exposed to
low temperature. In the first example the thermovision method was used for
analyzing heat distribution in an athlete with back muscles injury. With a
special original method of local cooling the place and degree of injury was
precisely localized and determined, respectively, regardless high
environmental temperature. In the second case the thermovision method was for
the first time applied in a runner whose feet was exposed to low temperature.
Significant hypothermia of the feet was detected by the method and
appropriate treatment was performed. Thanks to this the athlete had no
harmful consequences. Conclusion. Thermovision is fast and efficient in
detecting different kind of injuries, so its increased use in the future can
be expected.
Elevation of troponin values in differential diagnosis of chest pain in view of pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Vucic Rada , Knezevic Slavko , Lazic Zorica , Andrejic Olivera , Dincic Dragan , Iric-Cupic Violeta , Zdravkovic Vladimir
Published: October 2012

Introduction. Acute coronary syndrome, as unstable form of ischaemic heart
disease, beside clinical presentation and electrocardiographic abnormalities,
is characterized by increased value of troponin one of cardiospecific
enzimes. Although troponin is a high specific and sensitive indicator of
acute coronary syndrome, any heart muscle injury may induce its increasing,
so there are some other diseases with the increased troponin value. Case
report. We presented a female patient with chest pain, admitted because of
suspicioun of acute coronary sindrome. Performed coronarography excluded
ischemic heart disease. Considering symtomatology, electrocardiographic
abnormalities, increased troponin and D-dimer values, as well as
echocardiography finding we considered pulmonary embolism as a differential
diagnosis, which was confirmed by pulmoangiography. Conclusion. Isolated
increased troponin values are not enough for diagnosis of acute coronary
syndrome.
What's Wrong with Democracy at the Moment, and Why it Matters for Research and Education
Authors: Schostak John , Goodson Ivor
Published: October 2012

The article provides historical and political background to contemporary issues facing education and research. In doing so, it argues that there has been a fundamental inversion of democracy. What this means is that instead of democracy providing a political framework for the voices of people, it is employed as a cover for the interests of the wealthy. The article explores this inversion, drawing upon the theoretical insights of the Annaliste school of history and its contemporary expression in the work of such people as David Harvey and Immanuel Wallerstein. It is argued that, rather than an effective public historically emerging, there is what Walter Lipmann in 1927 called a ‘phantom public’ whose views, beliefs and conduct are open to manipulation. He called it the ‘manufacture of consent’. The article explores the implications of the transformations of the economic and political scenes in conjunction with this shaping of public opinion for both research and education.
Suffering and the Work of Emancipation through Education
Authors: Gaspard Jean-Luc , Schostak John , Schostak Jill
Published: October 2012

It is argued that for those who are not the successful beneficiaries of the system, schooling creates the conditions for lifelong suffering, in both psychological and social terms, without serious recourse to a vital and effective public sphere of debate, decision and action where their voices may be heard and taken into account. The authors develop this argument in terms of three foci. (1) the example of the reduction of professional work to assessable performances in the continuing professional development (CPD) of medical professionals; (2) the experience of self-harm at school; and 3) the role of the private sector in schooling. Their final argument is that the solution is not to reform the lifelong schooling of people but to emancipate through education. They argue that bringing about young people's engagement with adults in the work of education as a democratic activity requires the kind of openness and tolerance, and also the suspension of authority of those in charge, that is antithetical to the forms of organisation found throughout the private, public and military sectors. Their conclusion, therefore, is not optimistic.
Postcolonial Perspective, Social Integration and Cultural Diversity vis-à-vis Neoliberal Policies and Practices in Galizan Schooling
Authors: Teasley Cathryn , Sánchez-Blanco Concepción , Depalma Renée
Published: October 2012

The authors base this article on findings from two qualitative studies conducted in Galiza (northwest Spain), in the province of A Coruña: an action research project in an early childhood education classroom; and a composite of ethnographic enquiries focusing on secondary education and vocational training programmes. Both studies sought to contribute to a fundamental transformation of schooling toward a more just, integrative and democratic intercultural institution. This effort includes denouncing the processes of social exclusion operating in those contexts, which are closely related to (neo)colonial and neoliberal practices.
A Practice of Concrete Utopia? Informal Youth Support and the Possibility of ‘Redemptive Remembering’ in a UK Coal-Mining Area
Authors: Bright N. Geoffrey
Published: October 2012

At a moment when individualised and de-historicised notions of ‘aspiration’, ‘resilience’ and ‘wellbeing’ are proliferating in policy discourse shaping informal youth support practice, this article argues, instead, for a critically historical focus. In reviewing material from an intergenerational ethnographic study of young people in contact with youth support teams in a former coal-mining community in Derbyshire, UK, the case is made for understanding how young working-class people's experience of education is situated within historical geographies of collectively transmitted affect. In the particular coal-mining locality considered, these classed spatialities of feeling have been shaped through traditions of political, trade union and community resistance and mutual aid established over a 200-year period and culminating in the locally bitterly divided national miners' strike of 1984–85. Beginning from an ethnographic field note, the article outlines how such insubordinate community histories – particularly those imagining a radical reconstitution of society – can be silenced when a collective psycho-social space once redolent with hope becomes a space of ruin as a result of politically orchestrated de-industrialisation. Noticing how this compounds young people's experience of marginalisation and leaves them at once adrift from the ‘illegitimate’ histories that are their legitimate ‘heritage’, and at the same time subject to the traumatic affective legacy of those same histories, a critical counter-practice in informal youth support is proposed. Drawing on Blochian readings of Freire, the article calls for a form of intergenerational ‘redemptive remembering’ – a practice of ‘concrete utopia’ – capable of recovering ‘unspeakable’ community histories for a collective remaking of resilience and aspiration beyond the received confines of the neoliberal imaginary.
Co-operative Education and Schools: An Old Idea for New Times?
Authors: Facer Keri , Thorpe Julie , Shaw Linda
Published: October 2012

There is a growing Co-operative Education sector in England within the region of 300 schools now describing themselves as Co-operative Schools. The growth of this sector is subject to significant debate – is it a countervailing movement for local democracy or is it simply another chain of schools that will hasten the marketisation of education? This article draws on the relatively limited extant literature on the history of co-operative education since the 1850s to understand the key traditions of ‘Co-operative Education’. Then, drawing upon an analysis of Co-operative Schools' websites and meetings, upon interviews with Co-operative College officers, and upon visits and interviews with teachers in two Co-operative Schools, it explores how these traditions are being taken up or resisted in Co-operative Schools in England. The article argues that there is a risk that the autonomy that is at the heart of the Co-operative movement may lay the growing Co-operative Schools sector open to co-option within existing neo-liberal education agendas. The article argues that an important bulwark against this would be for the Co-operative movement to focus its energies in particular on the development of a movement of Co-operative educators, the teachers, parents, students and governors who, through what Woodin calls a ‘learnt associational identity’, can resist the reduction of education to a marketised private good. This analysis has implications not only within the context of England, but more widely in the international struggle to develop new models of democratic accountability for education in an increasingly marketised environment, and for the potential role of the international co-operative movement within that global struggle.
‘Today, How Can We Not Speak of the University?’: Towards the Next Generation …
Authors: Watson Cate
Published: October 2012

Universities are currently in a period of transition as the Humboldtian institution reaches its limits and we move towards the next generation. These limiting factors include the massive expansion of higher education and increase in student numbers; globalisation; and demands that universities contribute to the development of the ‘knowledge economy’. Change is inevitable – but does this leave the university in crisis? Is the university still a functional institution? In this article the author's aim is to uncover just how far we have gone in this transition towards the next-generation institution; to celebrate those institutions that have embraced these opportunities; and to consider the implications of all this guided by (and providing a partial answer to) the question once posed by Jacques Derrida: ‘Today, how can we not speak of the university?’ The article concludes by considering whether there is room for a dysfunctional university, a university that in a sense opposes the call for functionality. In other words, is there (still) a role for a university as a critical and radical institution?
Opportunities and Challenges for Biosimilars: What's on the Horizon in the Global Insulin Market?
Authors: Rotenstein Lisa S. , Ran Nina , Shivers Joseph P. , Yarchoan Mark , Close Kelly L.
Published: October 2012

IN BRIEF

Biosimilar insulins are likely to enter the insulin landscape as patents for major branded insulin products start to expire in the next few years. Biosimilar insulins have the potential to reduce diabetes treatment costs, increase the accessibility of insulin treatment, and expand the number of insulin brands available for those with diabetes. However, they will have to overcome numerous regulatory hurdles, meet a variety of commercial demands, and effectively confront competition from both established and next-generation branded insulin products before they can succeed on the global market.