bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Future expressions in a sixth-century Latin translation of Josephus
Authors: Lavie-Driver Shoni
Published: November 2023

Over the history of Latin, a number of ways to express futurity evolve and disappear. Perhaps most notably, the future tense is lost in all Romance languages, replaced generally by periphrases withhabeo. I present here the expressions of futurity present in the Latin translation of Josephus’Jewish AntiquitiesandAgainst Apion, conducted in sixth-century CE Italy under the aegis of Cassiodorus. I first examine the use of the synthetic future tense, and then suggest that the translators deliberately avoid usinghabeo + infinitive in any sense. This contradicts recent claims thathabeo + infinitive was characteristic of high register usage in Late Latin. I then analyse the use of the present tense to express futurity, the future participle + sum, gerundives as future passive participles and infinitives, and the curious use ofdebeoandpossum. I show a number of changes in the system from Classical Latin, and suggest a new potential route for the development ofdebeoto express the future in certain Romance varieties.
Unsupervised short leave in forensic addiction treatment: Is there an influence on treatment progress?
Authors: Neumann Louisa , Neumann Merten
Published: November 2023

Short leave is an integral part of forensic addiction treatment in Germany. Individuals with addiction problems who have offended can be admitted to forensic addiction treatment institutions to receive treatment for their addiction disorder and reduce their risk of reoffending. During this treatment, short leave is implemented to allow the practising of an abstinent lifestyle, enhance treatment motivation, and enable the individual to stay connected with the community. A critical step is the unsupervised short leave, which comes with benefits but also risks for the individual and the community. Short leave (especially unsupervised short leave) bears the risk of incidents such as new offences, drug relapses or absconding. This study examines the influence of unsupervised short leave on treatment progress. It builds on the methodology from a previous study of patients in forensic psychiatric hospitals and uses a pre-post design with follow-up. Furthermore, the impact of incidents during short leave on treatment progress is analysed. The sample consists of 157 patients in forensic addiction treatment in Germany. The results suggest that unsupervised short leave can enhance the treatment progress of patients in forensic addiction treatment. However, incidents during short leave can have a negative effect on treatment progress.
Einblicke in eine theologisch moderierte Intervision – Ein Beitrag zur Selbstreflexion der muslimischen Seelsorge
Authors: Isis-Arnautović Esma , Halilović Abduselam
Published: November 2023

Obschon die islamische Tradition umsorgende Besuche von Kranken seit jeher kennt, ist die muslimische Seelsorge als Profession ein junges Arbeits- und Forschungsfeld. Auch in der Schweiz bildet sich die muslimische Seelsorge zunehmend als Tätigkeitsbereich heraus. In der gegenwärtigen Formierungsphase nimmt das Projekt „Seelsorge-Theologie“, das vom Verein Qualitätssicherung der Muslimischen Seelsorge in öffentlichen Institutionen im Kanton Zürich (QuaMS) und dem Schweizerischen Zentrum für Islam und Gesellschaft (SZIG) der Universität Freiburg gemeinsam getragen wird, eine Pionierrolle ein, indem es die für die Professionalisierung notwendige Theorie, Praxis und Selbstreflexion miteinander verknüpft. Es nutzt dabei Instrumente wie Weiterbildungen und theologisch moderierte Intervisionen, um die Organisations- und Personalentwicklung zu unterstützen. In diesem Beitrag soll nun ausgehend von einem Fallbeispiel zum Hirntod die Arbeitsweise einer theologisch moderierten Intervision veranschaulicht und so Einblicke in die Reflexionsprozesse einer im Werden begriffenen muslimischen Seelsorge in der Schweiz gewährt werden.
Nabû at the Frontiers of the Assyrian Empire: An Inscribed Bronze Necklet from Yasin Tepe, Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Nishiyama Shin’ichi , Yamada Shigeo
Published: November 2023

This paper presents an inscribed bronze necklet discovered at Yasin Tepe, one of the largest tell-type sites in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The necklet was found on the floor of a large building complex of the Neo-Assyrian period that probably belonged to an elite family living at the site. The two-line inscription dates to around the eighth to seventh centuries BCE, and mentions the dedication of a son by his father to the god Nabû, implying the diffusion of his worship to the frontier of the Assyrian empire.

Nishiyama wrote Sections 1–4, and Yamada Section 5, respectively; both share the responsibility for Section 6. Abbreviations follow M. P. Streck et al. (eds.), Reallexikon der Assyriologie, vol. 15. Berlin/Boston, except for RINAP 2 = Frame 2020; RIMA 2 = Grayson 1991, RIMA 3 = Grayson 1996.
A New Interpretation of Two Hittite Verbs with the Stem ark- and its Implications for the Miraculous Birth Legend in the Zalpa-Text
Authors: Waal Willemijn
Published: November 2023

Currently, two Hittite verbs with the stem ark- are distinguished; one which is taken to mean ‘to cut off’, ‘to divide’, and one which is usually translated as ‘to mount’ or ‘to climb’. In this article, two different interpretations will be proposed, which fit the available evidence better and elucidate some problematic or enigmatic attestations of these verbs, including a much-debated scene at the beginning of the Zalpa-text.
Quo Vadis Mitarbeiterbeteiligung in der GmbH?
Authors: Ahlswede Johannes , Landhäußer Jana
Published: November 2023

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Bisherige Reformen zur Verbesserung der Rahmenbedingungen für Mitarbeiterbeteiligungsmodelle zielen ausschließlich auf eine steuerrechtliche Optimierung ab und lassen die gesellschaftsrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen zur Beteiligung der Mitarbeiter am Kapital einer GmbH außer Acht. An diesem Punkt setzt der vorliegende Beitrag an. Nach einer Analyse der gesellschaftsrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für Mitarbeiterbeteiligungsmodelle in der GmbH werden die sich hieraus ergebenden Hürden für eine Kapitalbeteiligung sowie die derzeitigen Best Practice Modelle dargestellt. Auf dieser Grundlage skizziert der Beitrag Vorschläge, welche Weichenstellungen der Gesetzgeber im GmbH-Recht treffen müsste, um attraktivere Mitarbeiterbeteiligungsmodelle zu ermöglichen. Dabei unterbreiten die Verfasser sowohl einen Minimalvorschlag, der eine vereinfachte Gewährung von Optionen auf Geschäftsanteile ermöglichen soll, als auch einen Vorschlag zur Einführung einer neuen Anteilsklasse für Mitarbeiter.
Temporal and thermal dynamics exploration of different detergents’ formulations components on fungal alkaliphilic lipases stability
Authors: Majeed Hammad , Iftikhar Tehreema , Maqsood Kiran
Published: November 2023

The detergent formulations and the ingredients used in the formulations are variable in the entire world depending on the climate, cost, results, laundry trends and other multiple factors. The impact of detergent components on lipase (enzyme) activity was evaluated after incubation at 20 °C for 1 h and 2 h. Tween-80 demonstrated the highest residual activity, with percentages of 90.3 % and 74.6 %, respectively, inhibiting lipase activity by approximately 10 %–25 % compared to the control. Testing five laundry detergents for lipase production over various time intervals (12–16 h) and temperatures (4 °C, 20 °C, and 50 °C) indicated that “brite” detergent displayed the highest residual activity, with percentages of 84.2 %, 82.5 %, and 80.8 %, respectively, inhibiting lipase activity by approximately 15 %–20 % compared to the controls. These findings suggest that laundry detergents have a slight inhibitory effect on lipase production compared to the crude enzyme, and longer incubation periods result in decreased lipase production.
AZ ÚJ „DOLOGTALAN OSZTÁLY” ÉS A FOGYASZTÁS
Authors: Törőcsik Mária
Published: November 2023

Vitára kínálom azt a gondolatot, hogy a társadalmi, technológiai folyamatok eredményeként kialakuló, pontosabban megerősödő csoport, az „új dologtalan osztály” támogatottsága elsősorban annak fogyasztásban játszott szerepe miatt valósul meg. Nem gondolom, hogy nem jelent motivációt a szolidaritás, az adott társadalom fejlettségi szintjén kötelességszerű segítség a nehéz élethelyzetben lévőknek, mégis sejthető akár egy alapjövedelem felvetésnél is a gazdasági érdek háttérben megbújó indítéka. Ez két vitatéma is egyben. Egyrészt tisztázni kell, megfelelő-e a kiemelt csoport azonosítására az „új dologtalan osztály” címke. Másrészt jellemezni kell a csoport fogyasztását a mai környezetben, akár úgy is, hogy annak különféle szegmenseit elkülönítjük.
Estimating Metabolic Energy Expenditure During Level Running in Healthy, Military-Age Women and Men
Authors: Looney David P. , Hoogkamer Wouter , Kram Rodger , Arellano Christopher J. , Spiering Barry A.
Published: November 2023

Looney, DP, Hoogkamer, W, Kram, R, Arellano, CJ, and Spiering, BA. Estimating metabolic energy expenditure during level running in healthy, military-age women and men.J Strength Cond Res37(12): 2496–2503, 2023—Quantifying the rate of metabolic energy expenditure (Ṁ) of varied aerobic exercise modalities is important for optimizing fueling and performance and maintaining safety in military personnel operating in extreme conditions. However, although equations exist for estimating oxygen uptake during running, surprisingly, there are no general equations that estimate Ṁ. Our purpose was to generate a general equation for estimating Ṁ during level running in healthy, military-age (18–44 years) women and men. We compiled indirect calorimetry data collected during treadmill running from 3 types of sources: original individual subject data (n= 45), published individual subject data (30 studies;n= 421), and published group mean data (20 studies,n= 619). Linear and quadratic equations were fit on the aggregated data set using a mixed-effects modeling approach. A chi-squared (χ2) difference test was conducted to determine whether the more complex quadratic equation was justified (p< 0.05). Our primary indicator of model goodness-of-fit was the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD). We also examined whether individual characteristics (age, height, body mass, and maximal oxygen uptake [V̇O2max]) could minimize prediction errors. The compiled data set exhibited considerable variability in Ṁ (14.54 ± 3.52 W·kg−1), respiratory exchange ratios (0.89 ± 0.06), and running speeds (3.50 ± 0.86 m·s−1). The quadratic regression equation had reduced residual sum of squares compared with the linear fit (χ2, 3,484;p< 0.001), with higher combined accuracy and precision (RMSD, 1.31 vs. 1.33 W·kg−1). Age (p= 0.034), height (p= 0.026), and body mass (p= 0.019) were associated with the magnitude of under and overestimation, which was not the case for V̇O2max(p= 0.898). The newly derived running energy expenditure estimation (RE3) model accurately predicts level running Ṁ at speeds from 1.78 to 5.70 m·s−1in healthy, military-age women and men. Users can rely on the following equations for improved predictions of running Ṁ as a function of running speed (S, m·s−1) in either watts (W·kg−1= 4.43 + 1.51·S + 0.37·S2) or kilocalories per minute (kcal·kg−1·min−1= 308.8 + 105.2·S + 25.58·S2).
Contrast Sensitivity of ON and OFF Human Retinal Pathways in Myopia
Authors: Poudel Sabina , Jin Jianzhong , Rahimi-Nasrabadi Hamed , Dellostritto Stephen , Dul Mitchell W. , Viswanathan Suresh , Alonso Jose-Manuel
Published: November 2023

The human visual cortex processes light and dark stimuli with ON and OFF pathways that are differently modulated by luminance contrast. We have previously demonstrated that ON cortical pathways have higher contrast sensitivity than OFF cortical pathways and the difference increases with luminance range (defined as the maximum minus minimum luminance in the scene). Here, we demonstrate that these ON–OFF cortical differences are already present in the human retina and that retinal responses measured with electroretinography are more affected by reductions in luminance range than cortical responses measured with electroencephalography. Moreover, we show that ON–OFF pathway differences measured with electroretinography become more pronounced in myopia, a visual disorder that elongates the eye and blurs vision at far distance. We find that, as the eye axial length increases across subjects, ON retinal pathways become less responsive, slower in response latency, less sensitive, and less effective and slower at driving pupil constriction. Based on these results, we conclude that myopia is associated with a deficit in ON pathway function that decreases the ability of the retina to process low contrast and regulate retinal illuminance in bright environments.
AUTOMATED CONTROL OF THE HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH A VARIABLE STRUCTURE ACCORDING TO THE VALUE OF THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION OF THE OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM
Authors:   National University ", Maksymova Oksana ,   Odesa Maritime Academy", Kryvda Viktoriaa ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Zhanko Kristina ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Toshev Oleksandr ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Sidelnykov Oleksandr ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Object-oriented models of the object and the control system, based on data ware and software improvement, for elements of the computer-integrated control system designed for a heat supply system, have been worked out. Also, a complex criterion of optimal control of the heat supply system structure on the basis of engineering-and-economic performance, as well as control algorithms defining the optimal structure of the system and using genetic algorithms, have been proposed. Research of the control efficiency using a simulation model of the heat supply system has been carried out. Keywords: computer-integrated control system, structure variation control, optimal control criterion, object-oriented analysis, engineering-and-economic performance, genetic algorithm.
Board of Directors and Financial Restatement: Evidence from The Two-Tier System
Authors: Rustiarini Ni Wayan , Dewi Ni Putu Shinta , Sunarsih Ni Made
Published: November 2023

Purpose : This study investigates the role of the characteristics of the Board of Directors (BoD) on financial restatements. The characteristics are reviewed based on board tenure, board size, board independence, female board, foreign board member, board level education, board accounting expertise, and dual board position.
Method : The research sample is a manufacturing company on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2017-2021. The analytical tool used is logistic regression.
Findings : This study found that five board characteristics negatively affect financial restatements: board tenure, board size, board independence, female board, and board accounting expertise. On the other hand, a dual position has a positive effect on financial restatements. Meanwhile, foreign board and board education do not significantly affect financial restatements.
Novelty : First, considering BoD as a decision maker in the company, board characteristics influence group dynamics in collaboration and communication to implement corporate governance. Second, studies that analyze the impact of executive boards on financial statements still need to be expanded, especially in Indonesia, which adheres to a two-tier system. Third, previous studies that examine the role of BoD and financial restatements have provided contradictory evidence, and many studies still need to prove the effectiveness of the BoDs’ characteristics on financial restatements.
Keywords : Director; Female; Restatement
Factors Affecting Capital Expenditure In Districts in West Java Province
Authors: Maula Kholida Atiyatul , Alfiyah Kartika Nur , Mubarokah Isro'iyatul , Adawiyah Wiwiek Rabiatul , Setyorini Christina Tri
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study examines and analyzes the effect of Original Local Own Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU), Special Allocation Fund (DAK), Revenue Sharing Funds (DBH), and Excess Budget Financing (SiLPA) on Capital Expenditures.
Method: This study employed a quantitative research design. The study's population consisted of all 27 West Java Province Districts, including 9 cities and 18 regencies. With a total sample of 135 district budget realization reports data in the province of West Java, the sample size for this study was determined using a census sampling approach.
Findings: The findings show a positive effect of PAD and DAU on Capital Expenditure, indicating that the amount of realized Capital Expenditure depends on the amount of PAD and DAU obtained by Districts in West Java Province. Meanwhile, DAK, DBH, and SiLPA do not affect the realization of Capital Expenditures. This indicates that the realization of capital expenditure is independent of DAK, DBH, and SiLPA.
Novelty: First, this study uses a different research paradigm than before. Second, this research utilizes the latest era to vary the independent variables. Third, the problems chosen in this study are regencies and cities in West Java Province, which need attention regarding capital expenditure allocation.
Keywords: Capital Expenditures, Original Local Own Revenue, Balance Funds, Excess Budget Financing
Investment, Funding Decisions, Firm Value with Corporate Governance as Variable Moderation in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Djuminah Djuminah , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Widagdo Ari Kuncara , Hartoko Sri , Honggowati Setianingtyas , Nurlaela Siti , Kiswanto Kiswanto
Published: November 2023

Purpose : This study aims to examine the effect of investment decisions and funding decisions on company value with good corporate governance as a moderating variable in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and included in the CGPI rating for the period 2017 -2021. The sampling technique was used for 5 years.
Method : The sample for this research was purposive sampling with a total sample of 17 state-owned and non-state-owned mining companies. Analysis technique research model using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA).
Findings : The research results show that investment decisions affect firm value. Investment decisions moderated by corporate governance have a positive effect on firm value, while funding decisions moderated by corporate governance have a negative effect on firm value.
Novelty: The presence of corporate governance as a moderating variable on the influence of investment decisions and funding decisions on firm value
Keywords: Investment Decisions; Funding; Firm Value; Corporate Governance
Development of Basic Accounting and Finance Books Based on Differences Learning Style for Vocational School
Authors: Palupi Reza Ayu , Susanti Susanti , Listiadi Agung
Published: November 2023

This study aims to produce textbooks on Fundamentals of Accounting and Financial Institutions based on learning style differentiation as an alternative teaching material for teachers and student classes at State Vocational Schools in Surabaya, which consist of State Vocational School 1 Surabaya, State Vocational School 4 Surabaya, State Vocational School 6 Surabaya, and State Vocational School 10 Surabaya as well as knowing the effectiveness of using accounting textbooks based on learning style differentiation. The product produced in this study is a textbook on Fundamentals of Accounting and Finance adapted to the Merdeka Curriculum. This research is a research that uses mixed methods consisting of development research and experimental research. The development was carried out using the 4D development model from Thiagarajan which was carried out in full, namely definition, design, development and deployment. Data in this study were collected using questionnaires and tests and analyzed using descriptive analysis of proportions and t test (paired-samples t test). The results showed that overall the average proportion of eligibility for open books was very feasible. This shows that the developed textbook has valid criteria and is feasible to use. Based on the results of the t test (paired-samples t test) it is known that there are differences in motivation and student learning outcomes before and after being given treatment in the form of accounting textbooks based on learning style differentiation which indicates that textbooks have an effective effect.
Building Destination Competitiveness Through Memorable Tourism Experience
Authors: Suryaningsih Ika Barokah , Nugraha Kristian Suhartadi Widi , Ramadhani Juan Firman
Published: November 2023

Destination competitiveness is a challenge for the development of tourist attractions. Tourist destinations do not only discuss what attractions tourists can enjoy but are more broadly interpreted as what tourists can experience. This research aims to prove the mediating role of memorable tourism experiences on the relationship between tourist perception and destination competitiveness. The population in this study were tourists who were travelling or had travelled to the Ijen Blue Fire Crater. The population in this study is infinite because valid data was not obtained. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling method with 150 respondents. The analytical tool used in the research is SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 4 software. The research results prove that tourists' perceptions have a positive and significant effect on the memory tourism experience, and the memory tourism experience has a positive and significant impact on the destination's competitiveness. The urgency of this study is an essential experience for tourists in determining their desire to visit a destination repeatedly. Thus, this research shows that destination competitiveness can be built with methods that arouse emotions and influence tourists with triggers from memorable tourist experiences.
The Influence of the eLDirU LMS, Digital Literacy, and CBL Methods on Learning Achievement
Authors: Perwita Dyah , Widuri Retno , Afif Nur Choirul
Published: November 2023

This research aims to analyze the influence of the eLDirU Learning Management System, Digital Literacy and Case Based Learning methods on learning achievement. This research uses a quantitative research approach and descriptive survey method with descriptive statistical data analysis techniques to analyze research data. Data collection techniques use observation methods, questionnaires, and documentation. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Jenderal Soedirman University with the population are active students in the Faculty of Economics and Business that registered in the 2021-2022 academic year. Meanwhile, the sampling technique in this research used the cluster sampling and based on the calculation, there are 100 students as samples in this research. Data analysis techniques use instrument tests (validity test, reliability test, and path analysis, classical assumption test), model feasibility test, coefficient of determination test, simultaneous test, and hypothesis test (t test). The results of this research show that: (1) The Learning Management System partially has a significant effect on student learning achievement; (2) Digital Literacy partially has a significant effect on student learning achievement; and (3) Case Based Learning partially has a significant effect on student learning achievement. The conclusion of this research there is influence of learning management systems, digital literacy, case-based learning, on learning achievement simultaneously. This research is limited to external factors that influence learning achievement, namely leaning management system, digital literacy, and case-base learning method. Further research can analyze other factors that influence learning achievement, for example internal factors such as motivation, intelligence, and so on.
Legal Development in the Overcoming Overfishing in Indonesian Coastal Areas
Authors: Roisah Kholis , Rahayu Rahayu , Yusliwidaka Arnanda , Mubarok Zaki , Buditama Ajar
Published: November 2023

Indonesia is an island state having so broad sea area. It makes Indonesia have advantages in maritime sector. One of sea areas with abundant resource potency in Indonesia is the coastal area. This coastal area is important to Indonesian people because many people rely on the area for their life. Abundant resource in coastal area does not guarantee the good welfare level to the people. It is because of some problems occurring in the coastal area management. One of important problems having an impact on coastal area is overfishing phenomenon. Overfishing is an activity of fishing excessively beyond the fish resource’s recovering ability. The activity, of course, results in coastal ecosystem damage and then leads to the low productivity. Overfishing phenomenon in coastal area results from the legal problem ending up in law uncertainty, authority conflict, and bio-geophysical damage of resource existing in coastal area. This research aims to prevent overfishing from spreading widely to other coastal areas and to overcome the overfishing activity that has occurred in coastal areas. It can be accomplished through legal development in the management of coastal area. This research used normative legal research method using primary, secondary and non-legal materials as data source, the collection of which was conducted using document study. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively with data validity using credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformity elements.
Radicalism in Indonesia: Modelling and Legal Construction
Authors: Usman Usman , Hafrida Hafrida , Rapik Mohamad , Maryati Maryati , Sabri Ahmad Zaharuddin Sani Ahmad
Published: November 2023

Radicalism has been an important topic in countering terrorism. However, despite the deradicalization program in Indonesian Terrorism Law, the legal concept of radicalism is still unclear resulting in the uncertainty of action against the actors. This article aims to examine the model for measuring radicalism and to develop a legal concept about it. It utilizes and elaborates the criteria of intolerance, fanaticism, exclusivity, and revolutionism as the measure of the presence of radicalism. It is argued in this article that in developing a uniform concept of radicalism and guaranteeing legal certainty, it is necessary to regulate the meaning of radicalism. Therefore, the criminal act formulation model is used in formulating the legal concept of radicalism. To be declared as a radical, a person or group shall have met the elements of radicalism set out in the regulations, for example, intolerant, fanatical, exclusive, and revolutionary. Exercised through interviews or surveys, this article objectively develops a measurement of radicalism and clusters it into strongly agree, inclined to agree, tend to disagree, and strongly disagree, to unveil the level of radicalism of a certain people or a group.
Harmonizing Adat Obligations and State Law: A Case Study of Murder and Rape Cases in Baduy’s Indonesia
Authors: Yulia Rena , Prakarsa Aliyth , Bustami Mohammad Reevany
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the implementation of adat obligation fulfilment in Baduy’s adat society in cases of murder and rape of Baduy girls that occurred in 2019. The main problem studied is related to how the fulfilment of adat obligations in these cases has been carried out by the Baduy’s adat institution and its relevance to the regulations in the New Criminal Code. The research method used is normative-sociological, using both secondary data and primary data. Literature review and field studies were conducted by interviewing traditional leaders in Baduy. The urgency of this research lies in examining the applicability of positive law in the Baduy adat area, along with the implementation of adat obligations and the restoration of the cosmic balance of Baduy’s society as a result of the effects of crimes that occurred in the Baduy’s adat jurisdiction. The novelty of this research lies in the study of the fulfillment of adat obligations applicable in Baduy in cases of murder and rape of Baduy girls and its relevance to the regulations of the New Criminal Code. The research findings indicate that the perpetrators of murder and rape of Baduy’s girls have been subjected to both positive criminal law (imprisonment) and Baduy’s adat law in the form of a adat obligation sanction that required them to married the victim. The implementation of sanctions from both the state and adat law implemented in parallel, despite coming from two different institutions. In conclusion, the fulfilment of adat obligations, as implemented by Baduy’s adat law, is relevant to the regulations in the New Criminal Code. However, the implementation of the fulfillment of adat obligations in the New Criminal Code must go through by a court decision. Therefore, the adat institution becomes a crucial aspect that should be considered in relation to the existence and authority of sanctioning in the implementation of adat obligations.
Nurturing Tomorrow’s Jurists: Rethinking the Indonesian Constitutional Court's Clerkship System through a Comparative Lens
Authors: Albar Rafsi Azzam Hibatullah , Siregar Eugenia Felicia Natiur , Al Asyari Haekal
Published: November 2023

This paper dives into the clerkship system at the Indonesian Constitutional Court (MK), an independent judicial organ that holds high importance as the guardian of the constitution. While the court’s nine justices benefit from the existence of a clerk’s office, its work is still very limited to administrative matters. The paper begins by questioning whether the current system is sufficient to assist justices in their work and fulfill the larger aims of judicial clerkship. Its ultimate objective as a follow-up to the question is to identify ways to improve MK’s clerkship system. In order to assess the Indonesian clerkship system, a comparative analysis study of three other countries’ courts that similarly act as guardians of their respective constitutions – namely the Supreme Court of the United States, Constitutional Court of South Africa, and Supreme Court of India – is conducted. It is found firstly that there is indeed a need to change the clerkship system in MK as there are multiple ways in which clerks can help the court and benefit from it. Consequently, the changes that should be made run deep into the very purposes and roles of clerks, the structure of the committee or program, and the expected qualifications and selection process. By drawing inspiration from the three aforementioned courts, a contextualized adoption can be identified by taking into account Indonesia’s own circumstances.
Examining the Criminal Aspects of the Indonesian Plant Varieties Regime and Farmer Protection for Food Sovereignty
Authors: Suastuti Eny , Haq Hayyan Ul , Hasanah Uswatun , Martini Dwi , Lestari Sartika Nanda
Published: November 2023

This research investigates the Plant Varieties Regime's role in safeguarding farmers' rights in plant development and cultivation in Indonesia. Specifically, it scrutinizes criminal provisions concerning farmers accused of producing seeds without the right holder's consent, as evident in multiple court decisions. These verdicts have ignited legal debates that conflict with the principles of food sovereignty. Given that nearly 90% of corn plants are cultivated through traditional farmer knowledge, the increasing dependence on the seed industry disrupts agricultural practices passed down through generations. The Plant Variety Protection Act (PVP Act) inadvertently encourages seed industry monopolization. This paper advocates a coherent approach in compliance with Article 27(2) of the 1945 Constitution to address these legal issues and establish a just legal framework. The primary legal discourse centers on equitable protection, necessitating a re-evaluation of the PVP Law, which is perceived as restricting plant development opportunities and discriminating against farmers. Farmers, as stewards of seed development and livelihood, should not face criminal charges encroaching upon their rights. Employing a normative methodology involving statutory, conceptual, and case analyses, this study examines the criminal aspects and legal protection of farmers' rights in corn seed cultivation. Ultimately, the paper recommends revising the PVP Law, emphasizing the importance of coherent legal thinking when shaping criminal policies. On a practical level, it calls for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to bolster agricultural sovereignty, particularly in the corn sector, by prioritizing farmers' rights. In summary, this research aims to provide recommendations for enhancing farmers' protection against the criminal provisions outlined in the PVP Act, which holds a pivotal role in shielding farmers engaged in corn seed cultivation.
Peran Perempuan dalam Politik Simbolis Pakubuwono X 1893-1939 M
Authors: Rohmah Nurul Baiti , Miskiyah Nila Zaqiatul
Published: November 2023

In Surakarta Sunanate, women became the determinant of strength, resilience, and success for the susuhunan in achieving political endeavors. Women as wives, empresses, queens, friends, children, courtiers, and ordinary people play an important role in Surakarta Sunanate. The purpose of this study is to determine the involvement of women in Pakubuwono X strategy in achieving the goals and political stability of Surakarta Sunanate 1893-1939 M. The involvement of women influenced the social and cultural system in the Sunanate.  This research uses the historical research method. The research went through the stages of topic selection, source collection, verification (historical criticism), analysis and synthesis, and writing. The sources used are written documents from various library sources, journals, scientific research, articles, documentation, and various sources related to the discussion. The results showed that the birth of Pakubuwono X brought progress to Surakarta Sunanate. The progress and glory of Surakarta Sunanate did not escape from Pakubuwono X policy of involving women in political affairs. Pakubuwono X achievements cannot be separated from women who play an important role in government defense, economic improvement, educational progress, Sunanate characteristics, and preservation of cultural traditions.

Keywords: Pakubuwono X; symbolic politics; role of women
The Role of Education in Urbanization: An Empirical Study Based on China’s Provincial-Level Panel Data from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Wan Boshen , Min Weifang
Published: November 2023

Urbanization is a crucial factor in economic growth and common prosperity and thus an inevitable pathway to a nation’s modernization. To achieve the goal of common prosperity of Chinese society as a whole, it is imperative to enhance the education level of its farmers, accelerate the construction of the new countryside, and develop modern, large-scale agriculture, so as to liberate more farmers from the agricultural labor and allow them to enter the secondary and tertiary sectors of economy that provide higher incomes. This study seeks to verify the promotional effect of education on the urbanization level by utilizing the provincial-level panel data from 2005 to 2020 in China. The two-way fixed effects model is adopted in the analysis. Research findings include that: (i) Investment in education has substantial promotional effects on the urbanization level; (ii) Economic growth and technological advancement significantly advances the progression of urbanization; (iii) The development level of the region can moderate the impact of education on urbanization.
Popularizing Nutrition Education to Improve Student Nutrition Literacy
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan
Published: November 2023

Health is an eternal theme for mankind. The World Health Organization (1986) defines health as a state of physical, mental, and social wellbeing of the individual. Nutrition is one of the major external determinants of human health. The concept of “nutrition literacy” was first raised by Tenhave et al. (1997) in their article titled “Literacy Assessment in a Cardiovascular Nutrition Education Setting.” Silk et al. (2008) defined nutrition literacy as the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand nutrition information and skills needed in order to make appropriate nutrition decisions. Adequate nutrition literacy is beneficial for the individual obtaining correct dietary information, improving their dietary patterns and preventing chronic diseases.
The Effect of Using Critical Reading in 5th Grade Science on Students’ Academic Achievement, Science Performance and Creativity
Authors: Koray Ozlem , Boran Didem
Published: November 2023

This study examined the effect of using critical reading in scientific texts on students’ academic achievement, science performance level and creativity. The study was conducted with 5th grade students in Ereğli, Zonguldak during the 2017-2018 academic year.  The study group consisted of a total of 34 students, 17 in the experimental group and 17 in the control group. Activities based on critical reading were carried out with the experimental group, whereas traditional activities from the 5th grade science curriculum were employed with the control group. The “Multiple Choice Academic Achievement Test”, the “Science Performance Level Test” and the “Torrance Test of Creative Thinking” were administered to both groups as a pre-test prior to the study and as a post-test once the study was completed. The data were analyzed with the dependent and independent samples t-Test using the SPSS package program. The study results revealed a significant difference in science performance level and creativity between the experimental and control groups favoring the experimental group. However, there was no significant difference in academic achievement between the experimental and control groups. Critical reading practices can be used in science lessons to improve students’ high-level skills, and critical reading activities can be developed alongside scientific texts for multiple grade levels.
Legal Guarantee and Governmental Responsibility in Chinese Preschool Education Development: Roles of the Preschool Education Law of the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Li Yuezhu
Published: November 2023

The Preschool Education Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft) is instituted in response to issues arising in the development of Chinese preschool education, such as a lack of explicit definitions of governmental responsibility, incomplete regulation mechanisms, and insufficient general accessibility of preschool services. This article focuses on discussing the law’s significance for building a preschool education system that aims to provide pre-primary service as a public good and is under stringent regulation at all levels of government.
Evolución de la Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular en América Latina: Un análisis en salud y medioambiente (2007-2021)
Authors: Herrero María Belén , Peixoto-Batista Juliana , Lanzieri Sol
Published: November 2023

South-South and Triangular Cooperation (SSCyT) has gained prominence in the international cooperation scenario, facilitating regional and global collaboration to address several challenges in the international arena. The article has a double purpose. First, it describes and analyzes the evolution, trends, and results of CSSyT in Latin America between 2007 and 2021, focusing on the health and the environment sectors. Secondly, it analyzes the contribution of CSSyT to the mainstreaming of approaches and agendas. To meet this objective, a qualitative methodology was applied, based on secondary sources. For this purpose, documents and reports on CSSyT in Latin America were studied, besides analyzing the data available for this period published by the Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB). The evolution of CSSyT in Latin America was analyzed during the period 2007-2021, highlighting its adaptation to challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change. Cycles of growth and decline were identified in the CSSyT during that time, in a dynamic evolution, related to economic and political factors, and the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also highlights the importance of CSSyT in Latin America, which contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and promotes more equitable and sustainable development in health and the environment. In this context,not only the recipient countries are benefited, but also cooperating countries, moving away from a vertical logic and promoting a comprehensive approach to deal with regional and global challenges.
ПРОЦЕНТНА ПОЛІТИКА НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО БАНКУ УКРАЇНИ ТА ЇЇ ВПЛИВ НА ЕКОНОМІКУ КРАЇНИ
Authors: ГАРКАВЕНКО Валентина , ЄРШОВА Галина
Published: November 2023

Здійснено аналіз процентної політики Національного банку України, що проводилася в остатнє десятиріччя, визначено її вплив на українську економіку. Зроблено висновок, що підходи до процентної політики, які виявляються ефективними в одному макроекономічному середовищі, можуть мати непередбачені наслідки в іншому.Визначено, що особливістю сучасної грошово-кредитної політики провідних країн світу, на противагу вітчизняній практиці, є політика від’ємних процентних ставок, яку після кризи 2008 р. запровадили центральні банки багатьох країн за залученими ними депозитами комерційних банків. Обґрунтовано, що з прийняттям Закону України «Про Національний банк України» у 2010 р. розпочалася поступова трансформація політики регулятора, проявом якої стала, зокрема, зміна акцентів з політики курсової стабільності на політику цінової стабілізації. Відтоді процентна політика використовувалася виключно як інструмент антиінфляційного регулювання, який в умовах нестабільності макроекономічного середовища і системних вад вітчизняної економіки виявився малоефективним.Доведено, що за системного профіциту ліквідності банківського сектору України прив’язка вартості всіх грошових ресурсів на фінансовому ринку до облікової ставки НБУ призвела до підвищення ставки за його депозитними сертифікатами та істотного зростання його мобілізаційних операцій. Суттєві обсяги мобілізаційних операцій НБУ і високі ставки за ними спричинили втрату стимулів банківського сектору до кредитування нефінансових корпорацій і надмірні витрати при здійсненні державних запозичень. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що нинішня відірваність банківського сектору від потреб економіки може стати стримувальним фактором у період воєнного і повоєнного відновлення країни.
Leptospermum tairawhitiense (Myrtaceae), a new species from Aotearoa / New Zealand, segregated from Leptospermum scoparium s. l.
Authors:   School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga — New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, de Lange P.J. , Atkins G.J. ,   252a Tikapa Road, Ruatoria, RD2 4082, Tairāwhiti / East Cape, New Zealand, Renner M.A.M. ,   School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga — New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, Fisher L.K.M. ,   School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga — New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, Marshall A.J. ,   School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga — New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, Schmid L.M.H. ,   School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga — New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
Published: November 2023

Leptospermum tairawhitiense G.J. Atkins, de Lange & M.A.M. Renner sp. nov. (Myrtaceae) is segregated from L. scoparium J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (sensu lato). The new species is endemic to Tairāwhiti / East Cape, Te Ika a Māui / North Island of Aotearoa / New Zealand. The new species is genetically distinct from L. scoparium sensu lato, L. hoipolloi L.M.H. Schmid & de Lange, and L. repo de Lange & L.M.H. Schmid, and chemically it is distinguished by having unusually high levels of triketones. Morphologically, Leptospermum tairawhitiense differs from these species in vegetative characters by the shortly and densely branching growth habit; the often suckering growth habit; the patent leaves, arising at 70–90° from the stem; the lamina is narrow-lanceolate, elliptic lanceolate, or rarely narrowly ovate and (3.0–4.8–6.2(–9.0) mm long by (1.0–1.3(–2.1) mm wide and coloured dull green to dark green, red-tinged, ± glaucescent (new growth yellow-green, red-tinged, glaucescent); and in reproductive characters, the flowers are cupped and small in comparison to other species, being 8–14 mm in diameter, with 5(–8) white petals, 5.0–7.0 × 4.6–6.4 mm and 20–32 stamens with white or pink filaments. The capsules of Leptospermum tairawhitiense are up to 6.8 mm wide and 5.5 mm tall when unopened, with exserted valves that comprise half the capsule height in profile, and when opened the valves exceed the capsule rim. A conservation assessment using the New Zealand Threat Classification System is proposed and a revised key to Leptospermum of Aotearoa / New Zealand provided.
Seasonal Variation (Winter vs. Summer) Crustacean Fauna of the Oualidia Lagoon, Morocco
Authors: El Asri F. , Errhif A. , Tamsouri M. N. , Maanan M. , Zidane H.
Published: November 2023

The Oualidia lagoon on the Atlantic coast of Morocco provides important ecosystem services such as aquaculture, fisheries, tourism and high ecological and biological productivity. This is the first study to describe the spatio-temporal distribution of the crustacean community and potential controlling factors in the coastal waters of the Oualidia lagoon. Crustaceans were sampled with a Van Veen grab during two surveys in winter and summer 2013, and taxonomic composition and diversity were determined at 43 sampling sites. Of the eighteen crustacean taxa recorded, fifteen were new to Oualidia Lagoon. Sphaeroma serratum was the most abundant species in both seasons. Organic matter and chlorophyll a content were higher, temperature and salinity were lower in winter than in summer. The structure of the crustacean assemblages was characterised by the formation of two main clusters, organised according to a downstream gradient. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that granulometry, organic matter and salinity strongly influenced the distribution pattern of crustaceans in the lagoon.
The State and Direction of Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Kawa Leslie Bahn
Published: November 2023

The pharmacological treatment of heart failure has evolved over the last three decades since the demonstration of the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on major cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Composite analysis of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction trials and the recent identification of newer drug treatments show early benefits on the major cardiovascular outcomes, ushering in a change of the treatment strategy; from a ‘sequential’ initiation of the treatments to a ‘simultaneous’ initiation to harness the early benefits. The adoption and implementation of these changes at the bedside have been dismal in many healthcare settings. Papua New Guinea, like many other lower-to-middle-income countries, is facing many barriers that impact on the care of heart failure patients. It needs to adopt and implement these changes to provide evidence-based treatment for its people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.