bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction and biological evaluation of Mycobacterium bovis extracellular vesicles as adjuvant and candidates for bovine tuberculosis vaccine
Authors: SHARİFİ YAZDİ Mohammad Kazem , SİADAT Seyed Davar , MONADİ SEPİDAN Alireza , TAHERİ MİRGHAED Ali , KHALİEH-GHOLİ Mohammad , SHARİFİ YAZDİ Sarah , SALEH SAFARİ Mohammad , SHARİFİ YAZDİ Sina
Published: March 2022

Objectives: BCG vaccine is the only virtual vaccine that has significantly helped control tuberculosis for 80 years. Bacteria naturally release extracellular vesicles (EVs) in different environments during the growth process. The use of extracellular vesicles is an alternative way to transfer ligands that are detected by host cells. Vesicles range in size from 50 nm to 250 nm in diameter and contain phospholipids, proteins, and lipopolysaccharides, and can carry additional factors such as toxins, adhesive, or immune system compounds that are important in pathogens. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate these compounds as adjuvants or candidates for the bovine tuberculosis vaccine.
Methods: In the present study, Mycobacterium bovis standard CRBIP7.121 was used. Extraction of membrane vesicles after mass culture was performed by a method based on ultracentrifugation and deoxycholate. After preparation and staining, the vesicles were examined by electron microscopy. Sample analysis was also performed by SDS-PAGE. The presence of LPS in the sample was measured by the LAL test. In addition, the harmlessness of bacterial EVs and the absence of any toxic agents in the sample were confirmed by pyrogenic tests in rabbits.
Results: The protein content of membrane vesicles is equal to 1.25 and 1.32 mg/ml. In SDS-page evaluation, bands of 35, 40, 50, and 70 kDa were observed and then membrane vesicles were observed and confirmed by electron microscopy. The amount of vesicle toxin contained by the LAL test was reported in the permissible range.
Conclusions: Discussion of the data obtained from the above research shows that at different stages of the purification process, EVs fully retained their spatial and natural form and lacked impurities. Therefore, due to the importance of external vesicles in developing immune responses, EVs extracted from M. bovis CRBIP7.121 can be considered a useful and effective immunogen against Mycobacterium infections.
Teoria aktora-sieci jako ontologia dla socjologii wizualnej
Authors: Palęcka Alicja
Published: March 2022

W artykule omówię możliwości, jakie niesie związanie socjologii wizualnej jako metody badawczej z teorią aktora-sieci, propagowaną przede wszystkim przez Bruno Latoura, przy czym ANT miałaby stanowić dla socjologii wizualnej ontologię uzasadniającą użycie obrazu w badaniach. Wychodzę bowiem z założenia, że wciąż niepewne położenie wizualności w ramach nauk społecznych wynika między innymi z braku odpowiedniego umocowania teoretycznego.

W celu uzgodnienia obu dziedzin posiłkuję się pojęciami pochodzącymi z teorii historii sztuki, przede wszystkim terminem symptomu Georges’a Didi-Hubermana. Jest to o tyle konieczne, że sam Latour, mimo że wykonał kilka projektów wizualnych i pewne wzmianki na temat obrazu są obecne w jego pismach, zbyt rzadko odnosi się bezpośrednio do socjologii wizualnej i problematyki wizualności w badaniach. Tematyka ontologii obrazu nie należy też do problemów socjologii – tego rodzaju teoretyczne rozważania powinna więc przyjąć z innych dziedzin.
Local Press in a Small Community—A Case Study of Relationships Between a Local Weekly and Different Local Actors
Authors: Męcfal Sylwia
Published: March 2022

What are the issues and problems to consider when discussing local (community) media? What are the challenges that local media are facing nowadays? Are phenomena such as: civic journalism, niche journalism, alternative journalism, or the combination of professional and civic journalism, opportunities for further development of local media or are they a threat to the professionalization of local media? In my paper, I discuss these issues within the context of culture—exploring local media situations in a variety of countries (e.g., Poland, UK, USA, Germany). However, the primary focus is on local media in Poland, and I examine what the biggest challenges are and whether current processes in journalism and media influence local media, and if so, to what extent. On the basis of my own qualitative research (case studies), I show how complex the local relations are and the level of involvement of local journalists and local media owners in these networks of relations. This complexity of relations (media-politics, media-business, media-church, media-media, etc.) might often be a cause of conflicts of interest (individual or institutional) or media bias.
Kolektywny wymiar „budowania zaangażowania” w pracę seksualną kobiet świadczących usługi seksualne w agencjach towarzyskich
Authors: Ślęzak Izabela
Published: March 2022

W literaturze przedmiotu rozpoczęcie świadczenia usług seksualnych traktowane jest często jako efekt pojedynczej decyzji wynikającej ze splotu uwarunkowań społecznych, ekonomicznych czy psychologicznych. Znalezienie czynników odpowiedzialnych za wejście na drogę prostytucji staje się wobec tego podstawowym celem badań empirycznych (szczególnie ilościowych). Jednocześnie zdecydowanie mniej uwagi poświęca się procesom adaptacji i socjalizacji wtórnej, które zachodzą w pierwszym okresie świadczenia usług seksualnych. Kluczowe znaczenie dla ich przebiegu mają intensywne interakcje nowicjuszki z innymi aktorami współtworzącymi ów świat społeczny. Celem artykułu jest analiza tych subprocesów, składających się na proces budowania zaangażowania w pracę seksualną, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jego kolektywnego wymiaru w kontekście agencji towarzyskich.

Artykuł opiera się na jakościowych badaniach terenowych prowadzonych wśród pracownic agencji towarzyskich w jednym z dużych miast Polski. Zgromadzone dane analizowane były zgodnie z procedurami metodologii teorii ugruntowanej.
Variability of trace element content in human tooth sequences – a multivariate analysis
Authors: Szostek Krzysztof
Published: March 2022

Analyses of human bone material expand our knowledge of aspects of modern and historical population ecology, the etiology of diseases, reconstruction of historical diets, and the social and economic status of human groups. 35 adult lower jaw tooth sequences from the 17lh-century Cracow population were analysed. The skeletons were found in crypts of the medieval St. Mark’s church, following international standards. Levels of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd were determined in undamaged permanent teeth PI, P2, Ml, M2 and M3, using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), while strontium concentrations were determined using AAS method. There were statistically significant differences in the levels of the analysed trace elements within the investigated tooth sequences. High interspecimen variability in the amount of accumulated microelements, probably resulting from nutritional, developmental and physiological stress, was also observed. The accumulation of Pb, Cd and Zn was the highest in M3 teeth and the lowest in M l. The results indicate that only one type of teeth should be used for intergroup and intragroup comparison of trace element content.
La retirada de Contenidos Ilícitos por los prestadores de servicios en línea
Authors: Moreno Blesa Lidia
Published: March 2022

La irrupción de internet en un mundo globalizado trae consigo grandes ventajas en el sector comercial y empresarial. No obstante, esta nueva realidad tiene también una fuerte repercusión social dentro del ámbito de la privacidad de las personas, en especial cuando se trata de redes sociales. El análisis del presente artículo se enmarca en el caso Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek contra Facebook Ireland Limited del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, con el fin de identificar hasta dónde llega la responsabilidad de los prestadores de servicios en línea por los contenidos ilícitos que se viertan en los sitios web que estos gestionan. En esta línea, la autora, define si Facebook es un prestador de servicio de alojamiento de datos al cual se le pueden aplicar las normas de la Unión Europea y qué régimen de responsabilidad es aplicable a estos servicios por la emisión de contenidos ilícitos dentro de sus portales. Después, revisa la competencia judicial internacional y el Derecho aplicable ante la vulneración de derechos de la personalidad a causa de la difusión de estos contenidos. Finalmente, repasa el alcance territorial que impone una obligación de retirada de este tipo de contenidos.
El extractivismo de grandes datos (personales) y las tensiones Jurídico-Políticas y tecnológicas vinculadas al voto secreto
Authors: Vercelli Ariel Hernán
Published: March 2022

El poder, alcance y capacidad tecnológica de ciertos Estados y sus corporaciones plantea nuevos y complejos desafíos para las democracias del siglo XXI. El extractivismo de grandes datos  personales, la creación de perfiles psicográficos de los ciudadanos y el envío de propaganda política microsegmentada pueden afectar el voto secreto y debilitar la democracia.En este artículo se retoma el caso Facebook Inc. – Cambridge Analytica con el objeto de analizar como el extractivismo de grandes datos personales, la violación de la privacidad y el uso de psicografía pueden favorecer la manipulación de personas, grupos, comunidades y poblaciones. El artículo forma parte de una investigación mayor que busca repensar las regulaciones de internet y fortalecer las democracias en la era digital.
La función publicitaria de las cookies: mecanismos de prevención y cautela en el Derecho Español
Authors: Flaquer Riutort Juan
Published: March 2022

El internet cada vez más irradia su esencialidad en las relaciones, y en los diferentes ámbitos y actividades de las personas. No obstante, a medida que hacemos un mayor uso de este, nos exponemos a que nuestros datos personales sean almacenados y tratados por terceros con fines comerciales. Ello es posible a través de una herramienta que está manifiesta en gran parte de los sitios web que navegamos diariamente: las cookies.En el presente artículo, el autor evalúa los riesgos que supone el empleo publicitario de las cookies sin un marco legal adecuado. Asimismo, analiza cuáles serían los mecanismos de prevención y cautela a seguir para garantizar un equilibrio que respete los derechos de los usuarios.
Blockchain y Propiedad Intelectual: aplicando una tecnología innovadora en la gestión de Derechos Intangibles
Authors: Alvarado Bayo María del Carmen , Supo Calderón Daniela
Published: March 2022

Una de las nuevas tecnologías que está cobrando gran relevancia en los últimos años y que promete revolucionar las transacciones entre individuos es el blockchain, tecnología considerada como líder de la denominada cuarta revolución industrial por su capacidad de gestionar activos digitales y facilitar su transferencia bajo un esquema descentralizado confiable.El presente artículo parte de la premisa de que el Derecho debe mantenerse al tanto y adaptarse a los cambios tecnológicos del mundo contemporáneo. Específicamente, este trabajo aborda la tecnología blockchain y su aplicación en un área específica del Derecho: la Propiedad Intelectual. En ese orden de ideas, las autoras empiezan realizando un recorrido histórico de la tecnología blockchain, desde sus orígenes, hasta su regulación en varios países del mundo. Luego, explican el funcionamiento y las características de la mencionada tecnología para, finalmente, abordar su aplicación en el campo de la Propiedad Intelectual y las ventajas que ofrece el blockchain en esta rama del Derecho.
¿Desea recibir comunicaciones promocionales? Un análisis desde las reglas de protección al consumidor y de datos personales
Authors: Senno Vassallo Fiorella
Published: March 2022

En el presente artículo, la autora aborda la reforma del Código de Protección y Defensa del Consumidor realizada mediante el Decreto Legislativo 1390, a través de la cual se reemplazó el Registro ‘Gracias No Insista’ por la regla del consentimiento previo para recibir comunicaciones masivas con fines promocionales, lo que tuvo por objetivo armonizar la normativa de protección al consumidor con la de datos personales.Al respecto, la autora realiza un análisis completo de la regulación de las comunicaciones promocionales, tanto desde el enfoque de protección al consumidor como del de protección de datos personales; para posteriormente hacer énfasis en los aciertos y desaciertos de la regulación actual, a nivel legal y práctico. Asimismo, el texto propone puntos de mejora a la normativa vigente y finaliza con recomendaciones prácticas sobre la materia en cuestión dirigidas a proveedores y consumidores.
Las nuevas tecnologías y la protección de datos en el entorno laboral: retos y perspectivas legales
Authors: Blume Moore Iván
Published: March 2022

Las tecnologías de información y comunicación, conocidas como TIC, han aportado, sin duda alguna, al desarrollo de las sociedades a través de la multiplicación del procesamiento y almacenamiento de datos en las relaciones cotidianas. Sin perjuicio de ello, y en contrapartida, no es posible desconocer los riesgos que, al mismo tiempo, aquellas han causado, relativos a la falta de seguridad de los datos personales. Esta situación ha generado el desarrollo de marcos normativos destinados a contrarrestar tales riesgos. Entre esta normativa, se encuentra aquella relativa al ámbito laboral.En el presente artículo, el autor revisa las novedades que trajo consigo la entrada en vigencia de la Ley de Protección de Datos Personales (Ley 29733) en el ordenamiento peruano. Posteriormente, señala y describe los conceptos básicos que intervienen en el tópico de la protección de datos personales. En una tercera sección, desarrolla las obligaciones de los empleadores frente a la protección de datos personales y los desafíos que ello enfrenta ante los cambios globales. Por último, ilustra todo ello a través de casos de la jurisprudencia.
Effect of Organic Amendments on the Water Stress Resistance of Corn Varieties during Vegetative Stage in Ultisols
Authors: Bukhari B. , Zakaria Sabaruddin , Sufardi S. , Syafruddin S.
Published: March 2022

Background: Water stress is one of the most crucial limiting factors in maize production on Ultisols. One solution that could be adopted to solve this problem is applying organic soil amendment. Methods: This study evaluated three varieties of corn: NK-Jumbo, Srikandi Kuning and Lamuru. The water stress treatment consists of 75% field capacity (without water stress) and 37.5% field capacity (water stress treatment). The organic amendment consists of without soil amendment, rice-straw 10 tons ha-1, biochar 10 tons ha-1 and rice straw 5 tons ha-1 + biochar 5 tons ha-1. A factorial, completely randomized design was used in this research. Result: Water stress and organic amendments affect total stomata, leaf curl, leaf area, proline content, shoot and root dry weight, shoot-root ratio and biomass production of corn. Applying organic amendments increases corn’s resistance to water stress, indicated by decreased plant proline content and increased biomass. The proline content of corn by application of organic amendment with rice straw 5 tons ha-1 + biochar 5 tons ha-1 (70.41 µ mol/g) was lower than the proline content of treatment without amendments (93.69 µ mol/g). NK-Jumbo was the most resistant variety to water stress conditions.
​Effect of Rhizobacteria and Microalgae Treatments on Some Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Grown under Drought Stress
Authors: Yolci M.S. , Tunçtürk R. , Tunçtürk M. , Ceylan Ş. , Arvas Y.E.
Published: March 2022

Background: In this study, the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) (normal=control, ½ reduced and 3/4 reduced) and some beneficial rhizobacteria (Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterium) and microalgae (Chlorella saccharophilia) on some physiological and biochemical parameters of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) were investigated. Methods: The experiment was carried out in a fully controlled climate cabinet with 4 replications in factorial order according to the completely randomized plot trial design. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) plant was used as material. The study aims to investigate the effects of different deficit irrigation treatments (normal (control), 1/2 reduced and 3/4 reduced) and some rhizobacteria (Control= R0, Azospirillum lipoferum= R1, Bacillus megaterium= R2) and microalgae (Chlorella saccharophilia= R3) on the growth and development of fenugreek plants. Result: Relative water content and membrane durability index values of leaf tissues decreased due to deficit irrigation applications, while ion leakage in leaf tissues, MDA and total phenolic substance content increased in leaf tissues. However, it was determined that they had positive effects on ion leakage in leaf tissues, total phenolic and flavonoid substance amounts of rhizobacteria and microalgae applications, but, membrane durability index in leaf tissues and MDA contents were affected as negative compared to the control.
The Generalized STAR Modeling with Heteroscedastic Effects
Authors: Mukhaiyar Utriweni , Ramadhani Syahri
Published: March 2022

In general, the Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model of space-time assumes constant error variance. In this study, a GSTAR model was built with an error variance that was not constant or had a heteroscedasticity effect, namely the combination of GSTAR–Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH). The parameters of the GSTAR–ARCH model were estimated using the Generalized Least Square (GLS) method to obtain an efficient parameter estimation. As a case study, the GSTAR–ARCH model was applied to the daily mean wind speed data of New Orleans, Florida and Mississippi to predict the occurrence of Hurricane Katrina that occurred in 2005. The results obtained show that the GSTAR model (3;0,0,1)–ARCH(1) predicts Hurricane Katrina very well.
Optimal Control and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in An Epidemic Model with Viral Mutation and Vaccine Intervention
Authors: Adi Yudi Ari , Irsalinda Nursyiva , Ndii Meksianis Z
Published: March 2022

This paper introduces an optimal control problem in a two-strain SIR epidemic model with viral mutation and vaccine administration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of two disease prevention strategies, namely restriction of community mobility to prevent disease transmission and vaccine intervention. We consider the time-dependent control case, and we use Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to derive necessary conditions for the optimal control of the disease. We also calculate the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) and the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) to investigate the cost-effectiveness of all possible strategies of the control measures. The results of this study indicate that the most cost-effective disease control strategy is a combination of mobility restriction and vaccination.
Spatial Autoregressive Model of Tuberculosis Cases in Central Java Province 2019
Authors: Zebua Hasrat Ifolala , Jaya I Gede Nyoman Mindra
Published: March 2022

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Central Java is one of the three provinces with the highest tuberculosis cases in Indonesia. Some of the risk factors used in this research are the spatial lag of the number of tuberculosis cases representing the agent component, the morbidity rate representing the host component, population density, proper sanitation, and proper drinking water which represent environmental components. This study uses the Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model. The SAR model is a regression model where the response variable has a spatial correlation. The estimation method usually used in SAR model is maximum likelihood. The value of Moran's I on the number of tuberculosis cases in Central Java is 0.499 and is significant, which means that there is a positive spatial autocorrelation. The model was chosen based on the LM test and AIC. The best model is the SAR model. The results of the analysis obtained show that the greater the number of tuberculosis cases is influenced by the number of tuberculosis cases in the surrounding area. Proper sanitation has a negative effect, on the contrary, the dense population has a positive effect on the number of tuberculosis cases in the province of Central Java.
Descripción anatómica comparativa de los segmentos óseos del esplacnocráneo del bovino y equino
Authors: Saldivia Paredes Manuel Alexis
Published: March 2022

El siguiente estudio consistió en realizar una descripción anatómica de los segmentos óseos del esplacnocráneo de animales mayores, enfocándose en el equino (Equus caballus) y el bovino (Bos taurus). El cráneo constituye el esqueleto óseo de la cabeza, albergando el encéfalo y los órganos de los sentidos. Además, este da soporte estructural a la cara y contiene los tramos iniciales del aparato respiratorio y gastrointestinal. Asimismo, está conformado por una serie de huesos articulados entre sí, que permite distinguir segmentos óseos que limitan la cara (esplacnocráneo). A pesar de existir una vasta literatura sobre su anatomía en estas especies, y de ser uno de los contenidos en los programas de asignaturas de anatomía para alumnos del área veterinaria, son muy poco los textos que generan una diferenciación comparativa de manera paralela, al momento de estudiar esas estructuras. Por esa razón, se buscó crear un artículo que permite dar inicio de manera comparativa a la cabeza de animales mayores, enfocados en el bovino y el equino, de manera específica a nivel de los huesos de la cara o esplacnocráneo. Se logró distinguir una serie de deferencias estructurales y de dimensiones entre los segmentos óseos de ambas especies.
Frecuencia del aislamiento bacteriano y patrones de resistencia en muestras de piel de caninos en Medellín: estudio retrospectivo 2014-2017
Authors: Cataño Morales Wendy Geovanna , Gallego Rodríguez Renso Sneider , Buitrago Mejía Jhonny Alberto
Published: March 2022

Dentro de las alteraciones dermatológicas más frecuentes reportadas en caninos, se encuentran los procesos infecciosos, siendo Staphylococcus pseudintermedius la bacteria aislada con mayor frecuencia. Asimismo, se han encontrado reportados otros agentes bacterianos como lo son Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Proteus spp. y E. coli., entre otros. En el presente estudio, de carácter descriptivo retrospectivo, se analizaron los valores provenientes de una base de datos de aislamiento bacteriano de un laboratorio de referencia para la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Dicha base de datos fue depurada para muestras relacionadas solo con cultivos de piel, lo cual arrojó una cantidad de 918 muestras de piel, de las cuales se obtuvo que el 63,93 % (582/918) fueron cultivos con aislamiento bacteriano positivo. Para el análisis de resistencia bacteriano, fueron evaluados mediante el antibiograma ocho antibióticos como lo son amikacina, ampicilina–sulbactam, amoxicilina–ácido clavulánico, neomicina, doxiciclina, azitromicina, trimetoprim sulfa y cefalexina, por medio de sensidiscos. Asimismo, fueron evaluadas variables epidemiológicas como el sexo, la edad y las razas más comúnmente afectadas. Se encontró que los machos fueron afectados de manera más frecuente. Asimismo, los animales con edades iguales o menores a cinco años presentaron mayor cantidad de infecciones cutáneas y, a su vez, se determinó que la raza más afectada fue la de los perros mestizos. La bacteria con mayor frecuencia de aislamiento fue Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, presentando un mayor porcentaje de resistencia a antibióticos como la doxiciclina, la azitromicina y la neomicina. A su vez, el antibiótico con menor presentación de resistencia fue la cefalexina.
The Effect of the Liquid Nitrogen Level on the Temperature in a Semen Storage Tank
Authors: Dalton Joseph C
Published: March 2022

The temperature in a liquid nitrogen storage tank is critical to maintain the viability of bovine semen stored within the tank. The objective was to determine the relationship of the temperature gradient in the neck of a tank to the level of liquid nitrogen in the tank. Using an electronic thermometer, temperature was measured at three locations: a) 2 cm below the top of the neck, b) 7 cm below the top of the neck (and below the frost line), and c) 2 cm above the level of liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen volume in the tank was incrementally decreased from 18 L to 6 L.
Implant screwdriver aspiration during dental procedure at a geriatric patient: a case report
Authors: KENÇ Selin , IŞIK Gözde , GÜNBAY Tayfun , KAHRAMAN Seda , ÇELİK Ferit
Published: March 2022

The aim of this case report is to present a geriatric patient who had aspirated an implant screwdriver. An 82-year-old male patient involuntarily closed his mouth during the healing cap placement phase of implant treatment, and the implant screwdriver disappeared through the pharynx. As the patient exhibited no signs of airway obstruction, it was considered that the implant screwdriver might have passed into the gastrointestinal tract. However, no foreign object was detected in the esophageal mucosa. Therefore, the procedure was repeated using C arm fluoroscopy for guidance. The examination revealed the presence of the implant screwdriver in the bifurcation of the left lower lobe bronchus, which was confirmed by posterior-anterior chest radiography. The following day, the patient underwent a flexible bronchoscopy, however the screwdriver could not be retrieved during the procedure. Further treatment was refused by the patient. After one month, the implant screwdriver was expelled through the gastrointestinal tract. At the three-year follow-up, there was no evidence of a late complication. Aspiration of screwdrivers and treatment failures of these complications are reported a small number of cases in the geriatric patients. Therefore, documentation of the rare cases is necessary to provide valuable information.
Mulvihill-Smith sedromunda anestezi yönetimi
Authors: KUVVET YOLDAŞ Tuba , BOR Canan
Published: March 2022

Mulvihill-Smith sendromu, sistem ve organ tutulumu olan nadir görülen genetik bir bozukluktur. Akraba evliliğinden doğan çocuklarda ve hem kadın hem de erkek cinsiyette görülmesi otozomal resesif kalıtımı düşündürür. Bu sendromda yaşlı yüz görünümü tipik olması yanında kısa boy, mikrosefali, yüz ve gövdede multipl nevuslar, yüksek-tiz ses, hipertelorizm, genital anomaliler, görme kusuru, diyabet, tekrarlayan enfeksiyonlar, immun yetmezlik, işitme azlığı, tümör gelişimi (mide, dil, pankreas ve melanom), hipodonti, orofasiyal-dental anormallikler ve mental retardasyon görülen bulgulardandır. Anestezi yönetimi; zor havayolu, glisemik instabilite ve hastaların geriyatrik hasta grubunda kabul edilmeleri açısından önemlidir. Literatürde oldukça az sayıda anestezi deneyimi sunulmuş olgu sunumları mevcuttur. Bu nedenle; Mulvihill-Smith sendromu tanılı 17 yaş kadın hastamızda uyguladığımız anestezi yönetimini sunmayı amaçladık.
OBESITY AS A REFLECTION OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL DISORDERS: FOCUS ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
Authors: Shishkova V. N.
Published: March 2022

Obesity is a vivid example of a multifactorial disease. In its development, not only the discrepancy between the energy intake and its expenditure but also various neurohumoral mechanisms, as well as external socio-economic and psychosocial factors, play important roles. One of the frequent options for combining psychoemotional disorders with obesity is the development of certain types of eating disorders in a patient. In this regard, the actual problem is to find the optimal therapeutic and prophylactic strategy in the management of such patients.

The aim of the work is to analyze the literature data on the features of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the obesity development against the background of psychoemotional disorders that are realized through eating disorders, and to identify the possibilities of using sibutramine to carry out a pharmacological correction of these pathological conditions.

Materials and methods. In the process of selecting materials for writing a review article, the following databases were uses: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, etc. The search carried out, was based on the publications for the period from 2009 to 2020. The following words and phrases were chosen as parameters for the literature selection: obesity, psycho-emotional disorders, eating disorders, sibutramine.

Results. This review summarizes the main pathogenetic aspects that unite both the development of psychoemotional and metabolic disorders. A modern classification of obesity, taking into account the latest domestic and international recommendations of professional communities, is given. Eating disorders are considered in detail, their socio-psychological and psychiatric classifications are given. The prospect of choosing a therapeutic and prophylactic strategy for managing such patients is assessed, depending on the presence of psycho-emotional and eating disorders.

Conclusion. Thus, the combined drug containing sibutramine and metformin registered in the Russian Federation is effective, safe and can be used in patients with alimentary obesity and eating disorders, taking into account contraindications.
STUDY OF ORGANIC ACIDS PROFILE OF GENUS PERSICARIA MILL SPECIES
Authors: Chistyakova A. S. , Gudkova A. A. , Slivkin A. I. , Chupandina E. E.
Published: March 2022

The genus Persicaria Mill. species belonging to the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae Juss.) and widespread in Russia, are weeds. The chemical composition’s main components of the genus Persicaria Mill. species, are flavonoid glycosides (rutin, avicularin, hyperoside, etc.). The data concerning a comparative study of the organic acids in the herb representatives of genus Persicaria Mill., have not been detected in the available literature.

The aim of the research is a comparative study of the organic acids qualitative and quantitative composition in the genus Persicaria Mill. species growing in the Voronezh region.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were dried herb samples of the genus Persicaria Mill. species. All the species were harvested in the Voronezh region during the blooming period. The quantitative content of ascorbic acid and the amount of organic acids in terms of malic (hydroxy-succinic) acid was carried out according to the titrimetric methods of the Russian Federation State Pharmacopeia, the XIVth ed. The study of the qualitative composition of the organic acids profile and their quantitative content assessment in the studied objects, the herbs, was carried out by the method of capillary electrophoresis (“Kapel”, St. Petersburg, Russia).

Results. With the help of pharmacopoeial titrimetric methods, it was established that the highest content of the organic acids total amount is characteristic of the Persicaria maculosa Mill. herb (5,60%), the lowest one – of the Persicaria tomentósa (Schrank) E. P. Bicknell herb (4.03%). Persicaria maculosa S. F. Gray and Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre are the richest in ascorbic acid (0.17% and 0.15%, respectively). Using the method of capillary electrophoresis, the composition of the total amount of the studied organic acids has been established. It is represented by oxalic, formic, citric, malic, wine, propionic, lactic, benzoic and other acids.

Conclusion. The study of the organic acids of the genus Persicaria Mill. species has been carried out. It has been established that in the studied species, the organic acids total amount in terms of malic acid and the amount of ascorbic acid are similar. By the method of capillary electrophoresis, a complete composition of organic acids has been studied, and the quantitative content of each component has been established. In all the studied Persicaria Mill. species, the predominance of oxalic, formic and malic acids has been revealed.
APPLICATION OF MULTIVARIATE ANOVA AND GENERALIZED DESIRABILITY TO OPTIMIZE THE COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY OF TABLETS CONTAINING N-BENZYL-N-METHYL-1-PHENYLPYRROLO [1,2-A] PYRAZINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE
Authors: Tishkov S. V. , Blynskaya E. V. , Alekseev K. V. , Alekseev V. K. , Gavrilov D. I.
Published: March 2022

The creation of drugs with an anxiolytic activity, which do not have the main side effects characteristic of drugs of this group, is an important and socially significant task. For its implementation, within the framework of the development of an original drug with an anxiolytic activity, the composition and manufacturing of GML-1 tablets (N-benzyl-N-methyl-1-phenylpyrrolo [1,2-a] pyrazine-3-carboxamide) are being developed.

The aim of this article is to study, using a four-factor analysis of variance, the influence of composition factors on the manufacturing properties of GML-1 tablets and the selection of the type, the amount, stage of the disintegrant addition and the type of lubricating excipients used in the technology of wet granulation of GML-1 tablets.

Materials and methods. The materials used are: the substance – GML-1 (N-benzyl-N-methyl-1-phenylpyrrolo [1,2-a] pyrazine-3-carboxamide). Excipients: microcrystalline cellulose 101 (MCC 101); polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium (CCS), sodium starch glycolate (SSG); magnesium stearate (MS), sodium stearyl fumarate (SSF). To obtain tablet mixtures, wet granulation and tableting with the study of their main pharmaceutical and technological properties was used.

Results. Model compositions were developed and their pharmaceutical and technological properties were studied. These results have been analyzed, the degree of these factors’ influence and their interactions have been determined. In most of the cases considered, the interactions of the factors did not cause a significant change in the optimization criteria. With an increase in the amount of a disintegrant, the disintegration time decreased unevenly, so an increase in the amount of these excipients from 4 to 6 mg had a stronger effect than from 2 to 4 mg. Factor B affected the release degree non-linearly. Factor A influenced all the optimization criteria considered, especially a PS release. The best release and disintegration were observed with crospovidone, which was of a particular importance when processing the test results using a generalized desirability method.

Conclusion. In view of the conflicting variance analysis results, for particular factors, the resulting values were additionally analyzed using the generalized desirability function. The use of this method made it possible to reduce the conflicting variance analysis results to the most optimal composition.
PHARMACOTHERAPY POSSIBILITIES OF CARDIOVASCULAR AUTONOMOUS NEUROPATHY IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS AT THE PRECLINICAL STAGE
Authors: Malyuzhinskaya N. V. , Shishimorov I. N. , Magnitskaya O. V. , Stepanenko K. V. , Polyakova O. V. , Klitochenko G. V. , Petrova I. V. , Emelyanova S. A. , Skiba A. P.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the thioctic acid preparation in the complex therapy of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy at the preclinical stage.

Materials and methods. A design is a prospective randomized study. A clinical and instrumental examination of 64 children with preclinical stage signs of diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) was carried out. The cohort was divided into 2 groups: in the main and control groups, glycemic control was normalized by adjusting a dose of insulin therapy; in the main group, the children additionally received thioctic acid at the dose of 600 mg/day for 3 months. To control the effectiveness of the therapy, the technique of laser Doppler flowmetry was used.

Results. After the pharmacological intervention, there was an improvement in the disease course, normalization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, increased vasomotor mechanisms of the regulation of the tissue blood flow due to an increase in endothelial and neurogenic kinds of activity in combination with a decrease in the intravascular tone and an increase in the effective perfusion in tissues. An increase in the heart rate variability was detected, positive dynamics of cardiovascular tests indicators according to D. Ewing, temporal (pNN50%, SDNN) and spectral indicators (VLF) were diagnosed. Achievement and maintenance of the target values of glycemic control indicators, as well as the absence of glycemic variability, turned out to be clinically significant for reducing the manifestations of neuropathy. The non-invasive technique of laser Doppler flowmetry is informative for the early diagnosis of DCAN in T1DM children.

Conclusion. The carried out studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the lipoic acid use at the dose of 600 mg/day for 3 months in the children with DCAN signs at the preclinical stage. The method of laser Doppler flowmetry for determining indications and monitoring the effectiveness of therapy makes it possible to implement a personalized approach to prescribing preventive treatment in T1DM children.
Factores económicos de la minería metálica y su influencia en el crecimiento económico del Perú para el periodo 2010-2020
Authors:   ,   Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Silva Villegas Greysi Abiatar
Published: March 2022

El sector con mayor aporte a la economía peruana es el minero con los productos cobre, oro y zinc, teniendo como principal mercado a los países del primer mundo como China y Japón. Por ende, este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar el efecto de los factores económicos minero-metálicos en el crecimiento económico del país durante el periodo 2010 al 2020 con frecuencia trimestral. Para la elaboración de este análisis se hace uso del método de Mínimos cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO), utilizando un tipo de investigación cuantitativo con diseño no experimental longitudinal. En los resultados se agregó una variable dummy llamada Covid-19 a causa de la pandemia a nivel mundial paralizando la economía en Perú durante los periodos 2020-2, 2020-3 y 2020-4 siendo esta variable significativa individualmente. Por otro lado, las exportaciones de cobre e inversión minera no presentan significancia individual y las exportaciones de oro y los impuestos influyen significativamente en el PBI. También es importante mencionar que el modelo es significativo en forma global ya que presenta significancia global con un p-value menor al 5%. Los resultados cuantitativos obtenidos muestran al lector la importancia del sector minero en el crecimiento económico.
Incrementar la productividad basado en la metodología 5’S para una empresa maderera en Pucallpa-2021
Authors:   ,   Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Jones Gonza Cindy Paola
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación se basa en incrementar la productividad mediante la aplicación de la metodología 5’S para una empresa maderera en Pucallpa. Para poder cumplir con este objetivo se va a realizar un análisis y encontrar explicaciones a situaciones internas del área de producción en la cual se observa una baja productividad por causas de factores como la deficiencia de los recursos humanos, rotación del personal, falta de capacitación, mermas, perdida en tiempos de proceso y la falta de actividades programadas y/o procedimientos, al aplicar la metodología de las 5’S nos va poder ayudar en incrementar la productividad. Cabe indicar que dicha investigación es de tipo aplicada y cuantitativo, ya que los conocimientos que se van a adquirir sobre la productividad serán aplicados para dar solución al problema, en cuanto al nivel será correlacional porque nos va a permitir medir la relación entre las variables (Variable independiente: Implementación de la metodología 5’S y Variable dependiente: Productividad), el diseño de la tesis es no experimental y transversal ya que se va a analizar la implementación de la metodología 5’S. En cuanto a la unidad de análisis se va a utilizar técnicas científicas demostradas a nivel internacional como el diagrama de Ishikawa, diagrama de Pareto, Flujogramas, metodología de las 5’S, estas técnicas van a permitir la reducción de los tiempos de procesos, estandarizar los procedimientos y/o actividades programadas, ser eficiente con el recurso humano, reducción de las mermas, gracias a ello la empresa será más competitiva.
MANAGEMENT RESPONSE STRATEGIES TO A NEGATIVE ONLINE REVIEW: INFLUENCE ON POTENTIAL GUESTS’ TRUST
Authors: Kapeš Jelena , Keča Karla , Fugošić Nikolina , Čuić Tanković Ana
Published: March 2022

Purpose – The paper aims to identify the main hotel management response strategies to a negative online review and examine their influence on the trust of potential guests reading reviews in usergenerated media. Design – Five response strategies that emerged from the literature were empirically tested: personalization, empathy, confession, denial, and excuse. A mixed-method was applied, and the research was conducted in two phases using a qualitative method with a scenario-based approach and a quantitative research using the PLS-SEM method. Methodology/Approach – A focus group was used to provide a basis for the survey. The survey included one real negative hotel review and five hypothetical responses written according to the five observed strategies. Each response was followed by a set of statements examining the level of trust. A total of 435 questionnaires completed. The influence of each strategy on trust was tested individually. Findings – The results show that personalization, empathy, and confession as response strategies positively influence the trust of potential guests, whereas denial and excuse as response strategies have a negative effect on trust. Originality of the research – The research systematizes previous literature and identifies the main response strategies to a negative online review. It empirically tests all five strategies so that they can be observed in relation to each other. Moreover, this research includes the concept of trust as a dependent variable. The results can help scholars to build further models and hotel managers to understand how they should respond to negative online reviews.
Effects of grape phylloxera leaf infestation on grapevine growth and yield parameters in commercial vineyards: a pilot study
Authors: Wilmink Jurrian , Breuer Michael , Forneck Astrid
Published: March 2022

Grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) can infest both roots and leaves of Vitis species. In commercial vineyards planted with Vitis vinifera scions grafted on rootstocks, grape phylloxera infestation is generally limited to root feeding. Vineyards are, however, increasingly subjected to vineyard-wide foliar infestations that last throughout the growing season. While some vineyards are affected by the infestation pressure of external leaf-feeding populations, other annually affected V. vinifera vineyards do not have these in their vicinity. Much is known about the damage potential of grape phylloxera root feeding; however, data on how phylloxera leaf infestation affects V. vinifera grapevines in commercial vineyards are lacking. This study, therefore, aimed to assess whether grapevine growth and yield are affected due to leaf infestation as it occurred in three commercial vineyards in the study area. Treatments were based on phylloxera leaf infestation and additional defoliation. Single-leaf carbon acquisition was measured with gas exchange analyses on healthy and galled leaves. Pruning weight and internode length were measured to assess the effect of leaf infestation and the effect of plant growth and vigour on leaf gall outbreaks. Yield quantity and quality were measured, and grapes were vinified for sensory analyses. Furthermore, using enzymatic analyses, non-structural carbohydrates were analysed in perennial wood. A significant decrease in sugar content in grapes (10 %) and starch reserves in perennial wood (11 %) was found in the most heavily infested vineyard. Grape must of infested plants in another vineyard furthermore showed a significantly higher level of titratable acid (7.5 %). Significant infestation effects seen in one vineyard were not significant in the other two vineyards. No significant differences were seen for carbon acquisition, harvest quantity, wine sensory analysis, pruning weight or internode length. The overall effect of phylloxera leaf infestation in the studied vineyards was, therefore, marginal. Grapevine vigour did not differ between infested vines, insecticide-sprayed vines, and vines on which no leaf infestation outbreaks took place. By analysing phylloxera leaf infestation under field conditions, these preliminary results form a basis for future long-term field studies about phylloxera leaf feeding on Vitis vinifera within the context of other biotic and abiotic plant stresses.
A Generic Scalable DFT Calculation Method for Vectors and Matrices Using Matrix Multiplications
Authors: Khan Abdullah Aman
Published: March 2022

Computation of Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is a challenging task. Especially, on computational machines/embedded systems where resources are limited. The importance of Fourier Transform (FT) cannot be denied in the field of signal processing. This paper proposes a technique that can compute Discrete Fourier Transforms for a matrice or vector with the help of matrix multiplication. Moreover, this paper discusses the trivial methods used for computation of DFT along with methods based on matrix multiplication used to compute discrete Fourier Transform in addition to the shortcomings. The proposed method can help in the calculation of a Discrete Fourier Transformation matrix by truncation of values from the proposed generic method which can help in computing DFT of varying lengths of vectors. On legacy computing machines and programming environments, having support for matrix multiplication, the proposed methodology can be implemented.
A Destabilizer of Both Wnt/β-Catenin and Ras/ERK Pathways Suppresses Cancer Stem Cell Activation in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Choi Jung Kyu , Kwak Ihn-Sil , Yoon Sae-Bom , Cho Heeyeong , Moon Byoung-San
Published: March 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a tumor cell subpopulation that drives tumor progression and metastasis, leading to poor overall survival of patients. In colorectal cancer (CRC), hyper-activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by mutation of both Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and K-Ras increases the size of the CSC population. We previously showed that the CPD0857 inactivates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by promoting ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of β-catenin and Ras proteins, thereby decreasing proliferation and increasing apoptosis of CRC lines. CPD0857 also decreased growth and invasiveness of CRC cells harboring mutant K-Ras resistant to EGFR mAb therapy. Here, we show that CPD0857 treatment decreases proliferation and increases neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). CDP0857 effectively reduced expression of CSC markers and suppressed self-renewal capacity. CPD0857 treatment also inhibited proliferation and expression of CSC markers in D-K-Ras MT cells carrying K-Ras, APC and PI3K mutations, indicating inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling. Moreover, CPD0857-treated xenograft mice showed regression of tumor growth and decreased numbers of CSCs in tumors. We conclude that CPD0857 could serve as the basis of a drug development strategy targeting CSCs activated through Wnt/β-catenin-Ras MAPK-PI3K/AKT signaling in CRCs.
Development of Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-based A3 Receptor Ligands – Closing the Gaps in the Structure-affinity Relationships
Authors: Lemmerhirt Jan Phillip , Isaak Andreas , Liu Rongfang , Kock Max , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Heitman Laura H. , Junker Anna
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a series of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-based nucleosides were synthesized and evaluated for their P1 receptor affinities in radioligand binding studies. The most potent derivative 30 displayed moderate A3AR affinity (Ki of 0.38 μM) and high A3R selectivity. A subset of compounds varied at 5’-position was further evaluated in functional P2Y1R assays displaying no off-target activity.