bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Palestinian People’s Righteous Struggle in Light of the War of Aggression against the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Mustafa Faed
Published: July 2024

Israel’s continuous war on Gaza turns out to be one of the deadliest genocides in modern world history. Despite the apparent evidence of ethnic cleansing of Palestinians, the international community failed to take the necessary steps that would stop Israel from committing crimes against humanity, which include, but are not limited to, killing civilians, forced displacements, attacking educational, religious, and medical institutions, and stopping the entrance of food and water. While only one of these is enough to charge Israeli politicians and officials with crimes against humanity, Israel is protected by some great powers and has been given a blank check on their crimes. As if all of these are not enough, the Israeli illegal settlers are committing more and more crimes against Palestinians in the West Bank, encouraged mainly by the Israeli authorities. Despite all of these attempts at ethnic cleansing, Palestinians demand an independent state within its 1967 borders, with Jerusalem as its capital.
Recent Miracle in the Turkish Vocational Education and Training System
Authors: Özer Mahmut
Published: July 2024

This commentary examines the transformation of vocational education in Türkiye, addressing its challenges, innovations, and impacts. Türkiye’s system, including the Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School (MTAL) and the Vocational Training Center (MESEM), has historically faced difficulties due to policies like the “coefficient application,” which restricted access to higher education for vocational graduates. Recent reforms, such as a revamped management model, industry collaboration, enhanced production processes, and integration of research and development (R&D) and intellectual property (IP) culture, have increased enrollment rates, improved education quality, and enabled rapid production of essential goods during crises. These changes have also advanced vocational training in the defense industry, attracting top-performing students. Consequently, these reforms have addressed vocational education challenges and contributed to societal improvements, including reduced youth unemployment and increased women’s employment, positioning Türkiye as a model for vocational education globally.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah melalui Media Portable Sensory Path pada Anak
Authors: Septiani Dwi , Tanto Octavian Dwi , Kusuma Wening Sekar
Published: July 2024

Pentingnya kemampuan anak dalam memecahkan masalah dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk meningkatkan daya pikir, kreativitas dan kognitif yang dimiliki oleh anak. Kemampuan memecahkan masalah berkaitan dengan proses berpikir anak, bagaimana anak paham dengan dunianya, memahami, kemampuan anak dalam mengingat, memecahkan masalah, dan membuat sebuah keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan memecahkan masalah melalui media portable sensory path. Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian tindakan kelas Kemmis dan McTaggart. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kelompok A TK Dharma Wanita Ngale 1 sebanyak 20 anak yang terdiri dari 12 anak laki-laki dan 8 anak perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa skala, pedoman observasi, dan pedoman wawancara. Indikator keberhasilan yang ditetapkan adalah 80%. Tindakan dalam penelitian ini ada 2 siklus yang setiap siklusnya dilakukan 3 tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan anak memecahkan masalah mengalami peningkatan yaitu dari 30% pada observasi awal menjadi 35% pada siklus I dan meningkat hingga mencapai 85% pada siklus II. Indikator yang muncul adalah saling menghargai, menaati aturan yang berlaku dalam permainan, dan menunjukkan antusiasme dalam melakukan permainan kompetetif secara positif. Perlu adanya pengembangan media pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif di dalam kelas.
Peningkatan Proses Keterampilan Sains melalui Kegiatan Berkebun Hidroponik pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Purnawati Lina , Kusumastuti Narendradewi , Rachman Budi
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan kognitif mencakup berbagai aspek salah satunya adalah pemahaman pengetahuan umum dan ilmu pengetahuan. anak mampu dalam mengembangkan kemampuan sains di lingkungan sekitar tidak hanya belajar sains menggunakan majalah dan calistung saja, Akan tetapi juga bisa belajar sains dengan fakta nyata fenomena yang ada di lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melihat adanya peningkatan keterampilan sains. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada anak usia 5-6 tahun kelompok B di TK Dharma Wanita Bringin, Ngawi. Dengan jumlah anak 19 anak yang terdiri dari 9 anak laki-laki dan 10 anak perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.  Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan 2 kali siklus, di mana setiap satu siklus terdapat 3 kali pertemuan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan nilai rata-rata. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan sains pada anak dengan menggunakan nilai rata-rata pada siklus I mencapai nilai rata-rata 2 anak atau 11% dengan ketuntasan klasikal pada kriteria berkembang sesuai harapan kemudian pada siklus II nilai rata-rata anak mencapai 16 atau 84% dengan ketuntasan klasikal berada pada kriteria berkembang sangat baik (BSB).
Permainan Tradisional Kamala Jump sebagai Media Stimulasi Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Pratistha Luh Gde Putu Debie , Anadhi Made Gede
Published: July 2024

Kamala jump adalah permainan yang memiliki arti kamala yaitu bahasa sansekerta yaitu teratai dan jump itu lompat. yang terinspirasi dari daun bunga teratai yaitu dalam daunnya seperti lingkaran. Biasanya bisa kita temui di kolam yang cukup besar disana ada banyak daun seperti lingkaran. Dari inspirasi tersebut saya mengambil lingkaran tersebut untuk media permainan ini, permainan ini akan di buat di tanah. seperti lingkaran sebanyak 10 lingkaran dan juga permainan ini menggunakan batu dan bola ketupat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menstimulasi fisik motorik kasar anak usia dini. Penelitian ini memakai metode kualitatif. Sumber data dari penelitian ini ialah seorang 3 guru yang berada di TK Dharma Kumara 1 Penebel. Dengan menggunakan pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu cheklis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa anak berhasil mengembangkan aspek fisik motorik kasar anak. Pada permainan ini juga mencangkup 6 aspek perkembangan, Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa permainan tradisional Kamala Jump sangat tepat digunakan sebagai media stimulasi motoric kasar anak usia dini.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris sebagai Bahasa Asing Permulaan untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Prawinda Raras Ayu , Farantika Dessy , Nindiya Devi Candra
Published: July 2024

Bahasa Inggris telah menjadi keterampilan yang penting bagi semua individu karena diakui sebagai bahasa internasional dan ketika bepergian ke luar negeri, bahasa Inggris digunakan untuk berkomunikasi dengan masyarakat lokal. Saat ini banyak sekolah prasekolah formal yang mulai mengadopsi metode stimulasi untuk memperkenalkan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris untuk anak usia dini dipandang sebagai sebuah program belajar yang secara khusus diadakan oleh sekolah, dengan fokus pada pengembangan Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa kedua. Sekolah PAUD berusaha mengembangkan kemampuan anak dalam berbahasa Inggris melalui sebuah program yang terstruktur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran bahasa inggris sebagai bahasa asing permulaan untuk anak kelompok B.  Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskripsitf. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu guru dan peserta didik di TK Al Hidayah, Blitar. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengumpulan data, kemudian reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa metode pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang digunakan oleh guru, seperti melalui kegiatan nyanyian, pemutaran video animasi, aktivitas mewarnai, dan pengenalan gambar dengan Bahasa Inggris, telah berhasil diterapkan. Strategi guru dalam menstimulasi dan mengembangkan Bahasa Inggris pada anak-anak di TK Al Hidayah Tanggung telah mengalami peningkatan karena guru-guru menggunakan pendekatan yang tepat sehingga anak-anak dapat mengenal Bahasa Inggris dengan baik. Anak-anak dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris mereka dengan baik.
Ivan and Marya Shatov in the Novel "Demons" by Dostoevsky: Ideology VS Genderology
Authors: Makaricheva N. A.
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the research topic is related to the modern interest in gender issues, which are being considered in various sciences, including literary studies. Literature provides rich material for the study of male-female relations in cultural and social space. The novelty lies in the study of the writer's artistic genderology, i.e. Dostoevsky's interest in the peculiarities of male-female relations, which are manifested in the construction of plots, the formation of image systems, and are connected with the ideological and philosophical orientation of the work. The aim of the article is to show how gender is transformed under the influence of an ideological component, using the example of the novel "Demons", which is the most saturated with ideological and political issues. The relationship in the Shatov family is analysed, in which both the man and the woman are influenced by certain ideas. During the analysis, several tasks had to be solved: to determine the nature of the ideas that each of the characters professes; to analyse how the plot of their family relationships develops; to trace the development of the characters' relationships, their liberation from the ideological burden, and to determine what outlines the pattern of the tragic ending. The Shatov family is an example of a unique family unit in Dostoevsky's work. In their relationship, gender was first distorted under the influence of ideologism, and as a result, for a brief moment, both reach the level of spiritual connection with each other, where they rise above the feminine and masculine.
The first literary text of the Yakut tradition in the aspect of new approaches to poetics
Authors: Pokatilova N. V.
Published: July 2024

The article provides in-depth the issue of the first literary text, which serves as the foundation for the development of literature as a distinct system apart from the oral tradition. In this context, we aim to revisit the question of which work by A.E. Kulakovsky should be regarded as the inaugural text of Yakut literature: the chronologically first by its conception and composition or the first by publication, which became widely known to readership. The paper forwards a hypothetical proposition of the importance of the publication of A.E. Kulakovsky’s first poem “Oath of Abasy” in 1908, which was selected by the author himself from the entire corpus of his early body of work. The purpose of the paper is to analyse the first poem by A.E. Kulakovsky in the aspect of poetics of the literary text itself. The research objectives include the analysis of the poem in the aspect of identifying the “poetic principle” within and in the context of the formation of the literary text as a whole, which determined the principles of formation of the poet’s literary poetics. The results of the analysis of A.E. Kulakovsky’s first poem demonstrate that it was this exact work, rather than “Algys to Baianai”, should be seen as the first literary text of the tradition, symbolising the beginning of literature as a new type of text, distinct from folklore. Analysis of this poem confirms that literature, unlike folklore, is aimed from the start at the author’s creation of the poetic principle proper, which permeates the text on all its levels. The scientific justification of “the primary text” of Yakut literary tradition should be considered as a fully motivated departure from the ideological assessments, characteristic of Soviet literary criticism and, in particular, in the history of studying the literary heritage of A.E. Kulakovsky.
Linguistic landscape of Batagai village, Verkhoyansky district (based on the results of the Summer Scientific School “ young Researchers of Verkhoyansk” 2023)
Authors: Sobakina I. V.
Published: July 2024

The linguistic landscape (LL) is an important part of the public space for the formation of the linguistic consciousness of the population. It acquires particular significance in the conditions of natural bilingualism in the national republics of Russia. The correlation of languages in the visual space reflects the realities of the functioning and implementation of the state’s language policy as a whole. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Yakut language has the status of a state language alongside the Russian language.  In  order  to  preserve  and  develop  the  languages  of  the  republic,  a  long-term  state  programme  is  being  adopted, which, unfortunately, does not reflect the linguistic landscape. The purpose of the study is to analyse  the  linguistic  landscape  of  the  urban-type  settlement  of  Batagai,  Verkhoyansky  district.  The study  was  conducted  within  the  framework  of  the  Summer  Scientific  School  “Young  Researchers  of  Verkhoyansk”  in  June-July  2023.  In  accordance  with  the  purpose  of  the  study,  the  following  tasks were  solved:  collection  of  factual  material  by  photographing  institutional  signs,  banners,  information materials, analysis of the representation of languages in visual LL, summary of the results. The method of  collecting  and  analysing  linguistic  material,  the  statistical  method,  and  the  comparative  analysis  of  photographic texts were used. In the first stage of the study, 369 units of LL were collected from two main streets of the village: Lenin and Ammosova. The collected material is grouped as follows: address signs, signboards, signs of operation hours, signs with prohibition or warning signs, information announcements, memorial  signs,  graffiti,  billboards,  signs  of  organisations,  advertising  posters.  In  the  second  stage, material was collected on the internal linguistic landscape of 16 buildings and amounted to 465 units. The internal linguistic landscape consists of information boards, announcements, advertisements, navigational information, etc.
Impacto mediático y efecto corruptor en el combate a violencias domesticas en el centro de justicia para la mujer en Jalisco México
Authors: Palomino Ramos Fernando J. , Vázquez de Alba Javier Alejandro
Published: July 2024

El uso de medios de comunicación para influir positiva o negativamente en un proceso de carácter judicial tiene repercusiones graves dentro de las dinámicas sociales de aprovechamiento de las políticas públicas en materia de combate a la violencia familiar. A través de este estudio enfocado en la Red de Centros de Justicia para la Mujer en el Estado de Jalisco, se busca un acercamiento descriptivo y normativo para delimitar una problemática en particular, la complejidad que presupone la confluencia de diversas dependencias de la administración pública en un espacio que, por su naturaleza jurídica y su relevancia mediática, puede llegar a generar un efecto corruptor que afecte la correcta administración de justicia por medio de la alteración o fabricación de hechos o pruebas, provocando una dinámica de alta carga laboral frente a una baja efectividad, así como una percepción de impunidad, tanto para mujeres, como para hombres.
Environmental Toxins and Their Organ-Specific Effects: A Comprehensive Review of Human Exposure and Accumulation
Authors: Ibadi Emam Atiyah , Awad Hussein Kamil , Hussain Lujain Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

Environmental pollutants lead to problems in ecosystems differently depending on the extent of their toxicity, and thus their arrival to humans leads to health problems at different levels. The danger of any substance introduced into the environment can be determined depending on its quantity (dose). In addition, based on the overdose, it can be considered (whether it is alien or original) is toxic. Poisoning is the harmful effect that occurs as a result of ingestion, inhalation, or contact with a toxic substance. Potential toxic substances include chemical, biological, and physical toxins, fungi, plants, and animal toxins. Environmental pollutants are heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, etc.), pesticides, organic materials, food additives, etc. The severity of the toxic effect depends primarily on the concentration and persistence of the final toxic substance. The final toxic substance is often the original chemical to which the organism is exposed. In other cases, the final toxic substance is a metabolite of the original compound, reactive oxygen species, or nitrogen (ROS, RNS) generated during Transformation into a toxic substance. Exposure to lead can affect proteins that interfere with their enzymatic functions or ability to bind other cellular components, leading to DNA damage and induction of oxidative stress. Asbestos can also damage DNA and affect gene expression. Exposure to acrolein irritates the bronchi, while mercury causes neurological symptoms. This review deals with understanding toxic environmental pollutants that affect humans, the extent of accumulation of toxic substances in organs, and methods of exposure to them.
برامج الدعم الاجتماعي: آثارها على تمدرس الفتاة والحد من الهدر المدرسي بالأطلس المتوسط الشمالي الشرقي - المغرب
Authors: العلمي عبدالإله , البزوي جواد , بوبرية عبدالواحد
Published: July 2024

عمل المغرب على بذل جهود ملموسة لإصلاح منظومة التربية والتكوين بوضعها في المرتبة الثانية في سلم الأولويات، يأتي هذا المقال في هذا السياق، والذي من خلاله سيتم الوقوف على برامج الدعم الاجتماعي وآثارها على تمدرس الفتاة والحد من الهدر المدرسي والتشجيع على التمدرس بالأطلس المتوسط الشمالي الشرقي، كتدبير مالي بهدف تربوي وذلك من خلال الإجابة على الإشكالية التالية: كيف تساهم أشكال الدعم الاجتماعي القائم على الحكامة، والتوظيف الأمثل للإمكانيات في تحقيق جودة التمدرس، والحد من الهدر المدرسي بالجماعات الترابية المدروسة؟ أظهرت النتائج أن التمدرس العمومي بمجال الدراسة يستوعب بنية سكانية مهمة من فئة الإناث، بينما لا تزال فئة عريضة منهن خارج فصول الدراسة. ويسجل ضعف التمدرس في سلك التعليم الابتدائي بشكل خاص، حيث بلغت نسبة الالتحاق بالفصول الدراسية 76.33%، بينما بلغت في التعليم الأولي التقليدي 81.21%. وأبرز النتائج: 1- التفاوت في توزيع التلميذات بين الجماعات الترابية، مع تركيز المؤسسات في السلك الابتدائي. 2-التوازن المسجل في حصة التلميذات من برنامج دعم التمدرس، حيث تقارب نسبة الالتحاق والولوج للمدرسة 50% في سلك الابتدائي و 45% في الثانوي. 3-ضعف تغطية الدواوير بالوحدات المدرسية، حيث تفتقر 67.47% من الدواوير إلى مدارس. 4-ضعف التجهيزات الأساسية في المؤسسات التعليمية، مما يؤثر على رغبة الأسر في إرسال الفتيات إلى المدرسة.
Facile access to heterobimetallic MII/CuI complexes with a multichelate platform and their response towards CO2RR.
Authors: Peralta-Arriaga Samantha L. , García Bellido Carlos , Martín-Neri Miguel Angel , Fernández-de-Córdova Francisco José , Robert Marc , Rivada Wheelaghan Orestes
Published: July 2024

We describe the selective formation of heterobimetallic complexes, exploiting the coordination trends of the developed bis-terpyridyl trans-1,2-cyclohexadiamine platform (L) towards tetrakisacetonitrile transition metal precursors, [M(MeCN)4][BF4]2, M = Fe or Ni, and [Cu(MeCN)4][BF4]. The four species obtained are structurally characterised, and their cyclic voltammetry analysis reveals the impact of the CuI-atom presence on the heterobimetallic complexes under argon and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, carbon dioxide photoreduction studies are presented.
Microscopic deprotection mechanisms and acid loss pathways of chemically amplified photoresists for deep/extreme ultraviolet photolithography
Authors: Du Hong , Wang Zilin , Xin Hanshen , Xue Jie , Zhang Jianhua , Li Haoyuan
Published: July 2024

Chemically amplified resists are an important type of material to realize precise microscopic patterning in deep and extreme ultraviolet photolithography. Currently, their development relies heavily on trial-and-error, while achieving higher sensitivity and resolution requires rational molecular design. This task can benefit from an in-depth comprehension of the acid-catalyzed deprotection mechanisms and acid loss pathways at the atomic level. However, our current understanding is largely empirical and the diverse types of photoresists and protective groups pose a significant challenge in fully revealing the microscopic mechanisms. In this study, density functional theory calculations are employed to investigate three primary types of deprotection reactions: tert-butyloxycarbonyl, ester, and ring-opening. Representative polymer photoresist units and fully/half-protected molecular glasses are considered as model systems. The calculations reveal multiple reaction pathways, each characterized by distinct energy barriers. In particular, the rate-determining steps are identified, and potential photoacid loss pathways are uncovered. These findings establish a comprehensive molecular understanding of the deprotection mechanisms of chemically amplified resists for advanced photolithography, providing valuable theoretical insights for their systematic design to achieve higher performances.
Rare Earth Mixed Sandwich Complexes with Tetraalkylphospholide and Cyclooctatetraenide Ligands
Authors: Deakin Cameron , O'Neill Daniel , Adams Ralph , Whitehead George , Goodwin Conrad
Published: July 2024

A series of rare earth (mono)phospholide mixed sandwich complexes of the general form [M(PC4R4)(COT)(THF)n] (M = Sc, Y, La, Lu; R = Me, Et; COT = cyclooctatetraenide, {C8H8}2–; n = 0 to 2) have been isolated by the treatment of iodide precursors, [M(COT)(I)(THF)n], (1M, M = Sc, Y, Lu, n = 2; M = La, n = 3) with potassium phospholide salts, [K(PC4R4)]n (R = Me, Et). The solid-state molecular structures and speciation of these sandwich complexes depends upon both the ionic radius of the rare earth metal, along with small steric and solubility differences which arise between the two per-alkylated phospholide ligands. The smaller {PC4Me4} ligand gave monomeric Lewis-base free [M(C8H8)(PC4Me4)] (2M, M = Sc, Lu) with smaller rare earths Sc(III) and Lu(III), but moving to larger ions Y(III) and La(III), the products were poorly soluble and could only be isolated as THF-adducts, [Y(C8H8)(PC4Me4)(THF)] (3) and [La(C8H8)(PC4Me4)(THF)2] (4). The slightly increased steric demands of {PC4Et4} gave monomeric Lewis-base free complexes for Sc(III), Lu(III), and Y(III) in [M(C8H8)(PC4Et4)] (5M, M = Sc, Y, Lu), whereas for La(III) a dimeric complex was isolated, [La(C8H8)(µ- PC4Et4)]2 (6). We also report the synthesis and molecular structures of 1Sc and 1Lu, as well as [LuI3(THF)3] (7) for the first time. All complexes were characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction, multi-nuclear NMR, UV-Vis-NIR and ATR-IR spectroscopies in addition to elemental analysis.
Automated Processing of Chromatograms: A comprehensive Python Package with GUI for Intelligent Peak Identification and Deconvolution in Chemical Reaction Analysis
Authors: Hillenbrand Julius , Oboril Jan , Haas Christian P. , Lübbesmeyer Maximilian , Nicholls Rachel , Gressling Thorsten , Jensen Klavs F. , Volpin Giulio
Published: July 2024

Reaction screening and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) coupled with liquid chromatography (HPLC, UHPLC) are becoming more important than ever in synthetic chemistry. With growing number of experiments, it is increasingly difficult to ensure correct peak identification and integration, especially due to unknown side components which often overlap with the peaks of interest. We developed a comprehensive Python package with web-based graphical user interface (GUI) for automated processing of chromatograms, including baseline correction, intelligent peak picking, peak purity checks, deconvolution of overlapping peaks, and compound tracking. The algorithm accuracy was benchmarked using three datasets and compared to the previous MOCCA implementation and published results. The processing is fully automated with the possibility to include calibration and internal standards. The software supports chromatograms with photo-diode array detector (DAD) data from most commercial HPLC systems, and the Python package and GUI implementation are open-source to allow addition of new features and further development.
Construction of P-stereogenic Centres via Palladium/Chiral Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Ye Jinxiang , You Yiming , Xu Dekang , Deng Shuang , Qi Lifang , Liu Chang , Liu Cheng-Cheng , Cong Hengjiang , Wang Peng , Cheng Hong-Gang , Zhou Qianghui
Published: July 2024

Phosphorus stereocenter, as a ubiquitous central chiral element, plays a crucial role in pharmaceuticals, materials science and asymmetric catalysis. As such, stereoselective construction of phosphorus stereocenters has become an important endeavour in organic synthesis. Herein we report a general and modular method for the construction of P-stereogenic centres via palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis-enabled desymmetrization/kinetic resolution process. It is a two-component annulation reaction that involves widely available aryl iodides and prochiral or racemic phosphinamides as the reactants. A wide variety of substrates bearing an assortment of functional groups (50 examples) are compatible with this method. Other features include a distinct enantiodiscrimination mechanism, excellent stereoselectivities and scalability. The obtained chiral P-stereogenic products bearing a common C–Br bond, which can be elaborated for the synthesis of new P-stereogenic compounds with diverse structural features. In addition, preliminary studies uncover the promising chiroptical properties of these P‑stereogenic cyclic phosphinamides. DFT calculations are performed to reveal non-covalent hydrogen bonding interaction is the origin of enantiodiscrimination during the desymmetrization process.
THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT NGHĨA TRANG, NGHĨA ĐỊA TẠI THÀNH PHỐ TAM KỲ, TỈNH QUẢNG NAM
Authors: Quý Lê Ngọc Phương , Đan Bùi Thị Phương , Tuyết Trần Thị Ánh
Published: July 2024

Chúng tôi sử dụng phương pháp thu thập thông tin, số liệu thứ cấp và phỏng vấn ngẫu nhiên 150 hộ dân để điều tra về thực trạng sử dụng đất nghĩa trang, nghĩa địa và thăm dò ý kiến của người dân về việc thực hiện xây dựng lò hỏa táng, các khu hỏa táng, các khu nghĩa trang và nghĩa địa tập trung. Kết quả cho thấy đất nghĩa trang, nghĩa địa nằm rải rác tại các xã, phường của thành phố với diện tích 406,1 ha, chiếm 4,3% diện tích đất tự nhiên. Tình trạng sử dụng đất nghĩa trang, nghĩa địa xen lẫn trong các loại hình sử dụng đất khác là khá phổ biến. Nhiều khu chôn cất hiện nằm gần khu dân cư. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, chúng tôi đề xuất các giải pháp nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý và sử dụng hợp lý đối với loại đất này tại địa bàn.
TÍNH THÍCH HỢP ĐẤT ĐAI ĐỐI VỚI LOẠI HÌNH SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT TRỒNG CAM TẠI HUYỆN NAM ĐÔNG, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Tùng Phạm Gia , Quý Lê Ngọc Phương , Châu Trần Thị Minh , Hải Nguyễn Thị , Huy Lê Đình , Tấn Trần Trọng , Hà Trịnh Ngân
Published: July 2024

Các dữ liệu thứ cấp được thu thập ở các cơ quan liên quan kết hợp với việc lấy mẫu đất, phỏng vấn, thảo luận nhóm để đưa vào mô hình đánh giá đa tiêu chí Fuzzy AHP (analytical hierarchy process –– quá trình phân tích thứ bậc). Trên cơ sở chồng ghép 12 bản đồ đại diện cho ba yếu tố: tự nhiên, kinh tế và xã hội, chúng tôi xác định được 119 đơn vị đất đai trồng cam. Kết quả phân hạng thích hợp chỉ rõ yếu tố tự nhiên là quan trọng nhất (trọng số 0,674); tiếp đến là yếu tố kinh tế (trọng số 0,212) và yếu tố xã hội (trọng số 0,114). Như vậy, trong quá trình phát triển loại hình sử dụng đất trồng cam cần lưu ý đầu tư vào việc cải tạo đất để nâng cao khả năng thích hợp của đất đai. Trên địa bàn nghiên cứu có 1.756,11 ha diện tích ở mức thích hợp S2 (12,25% tổng diện tích đất nông nghiệp), 2.714,62 ha ở mức ít thích hợp S3 (18,90%) và 9.857,22 ha không thích hợp N (68,85%). Có thể áp dụng phương pháp Fuzzy AHP trong quá trình đánh giá đất đai đa tiêu chí với sự tham gia của các bên liên quan.
MỐI LIÊN KẾT GIỮA NGƯỜI SẢN XUẤT VÀ NGƯỜI THU MUA TRONG HOẠT ĐỘNG TRỒNG SEN TẠI HUYỆN PHONG ĐIỀN, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Chung Nguyễn Văn , Tỵ Phạm Hữu , Huế Nguyễn Văn , Hà Hoàng Dũng , Nam Lê Văn
Published: July 2024

Trồng sen là giải pháp nâng cao thu nhập cho người dân nông thôn khi các sản phẩm sen mang lại giá trị kinh tế cao. Thiếu tính liên kết trong chuỗi giá trị trong tiêu thụ các sản phẩm sen là một trong các nhược điểm của hoạt động này. Vì vậy, phát triển các liên kết trong sản xuất và tiêu thụ sen đang được ưu tiên giải quyết. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi phân tích mối liên kết giữa nông hộ trồng sen và người thu mua, nhằm xác định bản chất của mối liên kết, các yếu tố chi phối và những kết quả mang lại từ liên kết. Chúng tôi đã sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu hỗn hợp để phỏng vấn 54 đối tượng bao gồm người trồng sen, người thu mua và các tác nhân liên quan và hai cuộc thảo luận nhóm giữa những người trồng sen và thu thập thông tin thứ cấp. Kết quả cho thấy hạt sen sau khi thu hoạch được bán phần lớn cho người thu gom, phần còn lại bán cho người bán lẻ. Mỗi người thu mua tạo cho mình một nhóm các hộ trồng sen để thiết lập mối liên kết sản xuất kinh doanh lâu dài. Uy tín, giá cả và niềm tin là những tiêu chí chính để lựa chọn đối tác liên kết. Sự tin tưởng và ràng buộc là hai yếu tố chính để duy trì mối liên kết này.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: A STUDY IN VIETNAM
Authors: Hang Nguyen Thi Thuy , Hiep Nguyen , Nguyen Nguyen Phuc , Hung Hoang Trong
Published: July 2024

The literature on organizational culture constantly reinforces the notion that organizational culture is necessary for firm performance. Nevertheless, limited studies have been conducted in Vietnam. This study aims to examine the relationship between the components of organizational culture and firm performance. Primary data was collected through questionnaires from 982 employees in Vietnamese enterprises. Multiple regression was used to test the proposed model. The results show that consistency and involvement were the highest influencing factors of firm performance, while adaptability was the lowest. Thus, managers and leaders are recommended to develop a strong culture in the organization to improve their firm performance.
EFFECTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON EMPLOYMENT IN VIETNAM
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Thị Mai , Suong Tran Thi Thanh , Ai Vo Thi Dieu , Uyen Hoang Phuong
Published: July 2024

The paper assesses the interconnections between foreign direct investment (FDI) and employment in Vietnam over the period 2010–2019. The analysis uses employing panel data of all 63 Vietnamese provinces from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam and Pooled OLS method to determine effects of FDI on employment. Findings reveal that FDI affects employment. In particular, FDI has a positive impact on employment in Vietnam in the short run and negative effects in the long run. However, the benefits of FDI on employment are considered limited. Effects of FDI are discrepant across economic sectors, in which FDI has the strongest impact on the foreign-invested economic sector. Results also show that the effects of FDI on employment in the 6 key economic regions are different.
TAX COMPLIANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY IN THUA THIEN HUE
Authors: Lien Au Thi Nguyet , Hung Hoang Trong , Hao Nguyen Dang , Tri Tran Duc
Published: July 2024

Tax compliance is the concern of many researchers and tax managers. Based on secondary data from tax authorities and primary data collected from 362 small and medium enterprises (SMEs), we assess the tax compliance of small and medium enterprises. Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance are used to analyse the data. The results show that SMEs receive various types of support to enhance their tax compliance. Further, both secondary and primary data indicate that SMEs have an adequate level of tax compliance. However, there are differences among sectors concerning tax declaration assessment. Based on these results, we discuss and propose several managerial and policy measures to improve SMEs’ tax compliance.
FACTORS INFLUENCING PATIENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH HEALTHCARE SERVICES – A CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN HUE CITY
Authors: Tuyen Phan Thi Kim , Hung Pham Xuan
Published: July 2024

The healthcare sector is becoming more competitive in Vietnam since patients now expect a higher level of service quality. This paper aims to investigate the impact of service quality dimensions on patient satisfaction in selected public hospitals in Hue city - the central region of Vietnam. Data were collected from 354 patients using a structured questionnaire. The second-generation analytical method (SmartPLS) was utilized to identify factors influencing the satisfaction of patients. The results of this study show that all five factors of healthcare service: hospital assurance; responsiveness; empathy; reliability and facilities were the significant predictors of patient satisfaction and these factors can explain 61.9 percent of the variance in patient satisfaction. Among these factors, hospital facilities and empathy were the most important predictors. The implication is that to keep patients satisfied with the hospital services, the public hospitals should invest more in equipment and improve the interaction process between patients and staff.
BIẾN ĐỘNG GIÁ ĐẤT ĐÔ THỊ TRONG GIAI ĐOẠN 2017–2020: TRƯỜNG HỢP NGHIÊN CỨU TẠI THÀNH PHỐ ĐÀ NẴNG
Authors: Nõn Dương Quốc , Ngữ Nguyễn Hữu , Thanh Lê Hữu Ngọc , Hà Trịnh Ngân , Nhung Ngô Thị Tuyết
Published: July 2024

Bài báo này đã phân tích được diễn biến của thị trường quyền sử dụng đất ở đô thị trong giai đoạn 2017–2020 cũng như đánh giá tác động của dịch Covid-19 đến thị trường bất động sản trên địa bàn thành phố Đà Nẵng. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã cho thấy, giá đất ở tại đô thị có xu hướng tăng liên tục từ năm 2017 đến năm 2019 và giảm xuống vào năm 2020 khi dịch Covid-19 xuất hiện. Tỷ lệ tăng giá bình quân của giai đoạn 2017–2018 và 2018–2019 tương ứng với  80%/ năm và 50%/ năm.Từ giai đoạn 2019–2020, giá đất giảm rõ rệt với mức giảm bình quân khoảng -11%. So với năm 2017, giá đất năm 2020 tăng từ 100–160%, tương đương từ 25%–40%/năm. Độ lớn của giá đất có mối liên hệ rõ ràng với tỷ lệ tăng giá bình quân trong giai đoạn nghiên cứu. Những thửa đất có mức giá  16 triệu đồng/m2 có tỷ lệ tăng giá cao hơn rõ rệt so với những thửa có giá > 16 triệu đồng/m2. Khi thị trường tăng mạnh và có dấu hiệu “bong bóng”, chính sách tín dụng của Nhà nước, sự giám sát chặt chẽ các hoạt động môi giới, kinh doanh bất động sản của chính quyền địa phương là giải pháp kiểm soát thị trường hiệu quả.
PHÁT TRIỂN THỦ CÔNG MỸ NGHỆ TRONG CÁC LÀNG NGHỀ TRUYỀN THỐNG TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Hòa Phan Văn , Hải Nhiêu Khánh Phước , Định Nguyễn Công , Hiệp Nguyễn Lê , Anh Lê Ngọc Quỳnh , Thi Trần Nữ Sơn
Published: July 2024

Thủ công mỹ nghệ tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế là nghề thủ công truyền thống có từ lâu đời với nhiều kiệt tác di sản vô giá. Tuy nhiên, năm 2020, do tác động của đại dịch COVID-19, sản xuất và tiêu thụ sản phẩm các nghề này gặp nhiều khó khăn, hạn chế. Những khó khăn chính như thị trường thu hẹp, số lượng đơn hàng, hợp đồng giảm; nguyên liệu ngày càng khan hiếm, giá cao; công nghệ lạc hậu; quy mô sản xuất nhỏ lẻ, sản phẩm đơn điệu, nghèo nàn; tình hình quảng bá, quảng cáo và chuyển đổi số kém, dẫn đến khả năng cạnh tranh thấp. Để phát triển thủ công mỹ nghệ của tỉnh, chính quyền địa phương cần thực hiện những giải pháp, chính sách thiết thực như áp dụng công nghệ số; hỗ trợ vốn, tín dụng ưu đãi; khuyến khích doanh nghiệp đầu tư, liên doanh, liên kết tạo thành chuỗi cung ứng sản phẩm từ nghiên cứu thị trường, thiết kế đến cung cấp nguyên liệu, sản xuất, phân phối và tiêu thụ… góp phần bảo tồn và phát huy nghề thủ công mỹ nghệ Thừa Thiên Huế, đáp ứng ngày càng tốt hơn nhu cầu của người tiêu dùng và thu hút khách du lịch trong và ngoài nước.
APPLYING CONTENT ANALYSIS METHOD TO EVALUATE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH RIDE-SHARING SERVICES: EVIDENCE OF ENTERPRISES GRAB AND BE IN VIETNAM
Authors: Quan Nguyen Hong , Linh Tran Dieu , Hang Bui Dieu , Huy Lai Quang , Nguyet Dang Thuy , Yen Ngo Hai
Published: July 2024

The article aims to explore the factors affecting customer satisfaction using ride-sharing services, exemplifying two enterprises Grab and Be in Vietnam by using the content analysis method. Data was collected from 510 customers’ feedback on two platforms: Google Play and Apple App Store. Then, the authors dealt with the data and built a scale corresponding to the content of customer feedback. The authors further employed the software SPSS 20 to validate and test the research hypotheses. The test results claim that all six main factors affect customer satisfaction: Service quality; Policy (of the company); Price Fairness; Promotions; Payment method and System quality. In addition, the demographic factor of gender also contributes to the difference in perceived satisfaction when customers experience ride-sharing services.
THE INFLUENCE OF HOTEL CHARACTERISTICS ON ROOM RATES: A CASE OF VIETNAM
Authors: Dung Ho Quoc , Lien Le Thi Quynh , Nga Ho Thi Thuy
Published: July 2024

The effect of hotel characteristics on hotel room rates has not been adequately studied in the extant literature. The purpose of this study was to use the hedonic pricing method to measure and compare how different factors of hotels affect room rates. After collecting the data on hotel features that consumers use to make lodging decisions on the TripAdvisor website, a hedonic price model with Box-Cox transformations was built with 23 hotel characteristics. The findings indicate that hotel managers can devise strategies to improve the hotel's attractiveness and service quality, and to change and optimize hotel room rates.
Ý ĐỊNH MUA CỦA NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG ĐỐI VỚI SẢN PHẨM TRÀ CÓ BAO GÓI THÂN THIỆN VỚI MÔI TRƯỜNG TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN THÀNH PHỐ HUẾ
Authors: My Nguyễn Hoàng Diễm , Châu Trần Huỳnh Bảo , Giang Nguyễn Thị Hương , Thể Bùi Dũng , Hùng Phạm Xuân
Published: July 2024

Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu tìm hiểu xu hướng tiêu dùng sản phẩm trà với các dạng bao gói khác nhau, xác định các mức độ ảnh hưởng của các nhân tố nhận thức về môi trường và mối quan tâm về chính sách khuyến khích tiêu dùng sản phẩm thân thiện với môi trường (TTVMT) của chính phủ tới ý định mua sản phẩm trà có bao gói TTVMT. Kết quả khảo sát trực tiếp 160 người tiêu dùng trên địa bàn Thành phố Huế cho thấy, nhận thức về môi trường và mối quan tâm về chính sách khuyến khích tiêu dùng sản phẩm TTVMT có các tác động tích cực trong việc thúc đẩy ý định mua sản phẩm trà có bao gói TTVMT. Thêm vào đó, ý định mua có xu hướng gia tăng đối với người tiêu dùng trẻ tuổi và có thu nhập khá tốt. Dựa trên kết quả nghiên cứu, các khuyến nghị nhằm thúc đẩy ý định mua đối với sản phẩm trà có bao gói TTVMT được đề xuất.
Poles Apart? Eileen Duggan and Katherine Mansfield
Authors: Whiteford Peter
Published: July 2024

At first glance, there might seem to be few connections between Katherine Mansfield and her younger contemporary, Eileen Duggan, despite occasional critical efforts to link them within a tradition of women’s writing in New Zealand. The differences between the two women, in their lives and in their writing, are striking. In spite of those marked differences, Duggan wrote about Mansfield on a number of occasions and with considerable sympathy. One interesting connection between the two can be found in their youthful responses to two remote and controversial Polish figures – the writer Stanislaw Wyspianski and the Marxist revolutionary Rosa Luxemburg. In this article, I consider Mansfield’s “To Stanislaw Wyspianski” and Duggan’s “Rosa Luxemburg”, noting the very different circumstances of their composition, and suggesting what might have appealed to each of the poets in the subjects they chose to write about.
New Zealand Nurses: Caring for Our People 1880 – 1950
Authors: Rook Helen
Published: July 2024

Pamela Wood’s New Zealand Nurses: Caring for our People 1880-1950 reveals nursing through the eyes of fierce pioneers of New Zealand nursing.  It provides a valuable window on the foundations of professional nursing and is likely to be of interest to nursing scholars and other curious readers.  At the same time, however, it is missing the voice of Māori, the tangata whenua of Aotearoa New Zealand.  By failing to consider the nursing practices before colonisation, or the impact of colonisation, Wood falls into the trap of colonial nostalgia, focussing on imported systems, rather than on their contextualisation in Aotearoa.
Comrade: Bill Anderson: A Communist, Working-Class Life
Authors: Webb Ross
Published: July 2024

In 2011, Nick Salvatore reflected on the ‘intimate relationship’ between biography and social history. Challenging the suggestions made by some historians that biography was outside the ‘discipline of history’, Salvatore argued that the recent turn to biography in labour and social history was a welcome development. It opened the possibility of a broader understanding of ‘the interplay between an individual and social forces beyond one’s ability to control’. Such biography, he continued, could shed light far beyond any individual, even if it does not always reach into every corner of social life’. Like any historical work, however, it demanded a ‘disciplinary rigor and thorough research effort that treats equally seriously both the subject and the context that shapes that life’. In his excellent biography, Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist, Salvatore referred to the book as a ‘social biography’, one that ‘intended to explore both the individual and the broader social context’.
Contributors
Authors: Whiteford Peter
Published: July 2024

Bios of contributors.
توظيف تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي للحد من معدلات ازدحام الطرق في الدول العربية
Authors: bin Dbayan Al-Rashidi Ali ,   Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Al-Taher Othman , Shukri Abed Rabbo Sherif ,   Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Saudi Arabia,   Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Saudi Arabia
Published: July 2024

مع بروز الذكاء الاصطناعي (AI) وتزايد التوقعات حول الدور الذي يمكن أن تؤديه تقنياته الناشئة في التعامل الفعال مع تحديات أنظمة النقل، حظي دمج تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في أنظمة النقل الحضري باهتمام متزايد، بفضل قدراتها على معالجة وتحليل كميات هائلة من البيانات في الوقت الفعلي، وما يتوقع أن يقدمه الذكاء الاصطناعي بوصفه وسيلة واعدة لمعالجة الازدحام المروري وتحسين توجيه المركبات في المناطق الحضرية. ومن خلال تسخير إمكانات الذكاء الاصطناعي، يصبح من الممكن تطوير أنظمة ذكية تتكيف ديناميكيًّا مع ظروف حركة المرور، ممَّا يعزز من كفاءة النقل، ويقلل من المشكلات المرتبطة بالازدحام، ويعزز التنمية الحضرية المستدامة.
بناءً على ذلك، وفي إطار جهود جامعة نايف العربية للعلوم الأمنية، يأتي هذا التقرير لبحث إمكانات توظيف تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي للحد من معدلات الازدحام على الطرق في المدن العربية، ويتعمق التقرير في التقاطعات بين الذكاء الاصطناعي والنقل الحضري، مع التركيز الخاص على كيفية تحسين توجيه المركبات وتخفيف الازدحام المروري في المنطقة العربية، ويركز الهدف الرئيس على استكشاف أهم تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي والخوارزميات المتصلة بمجال النقل، وفرص تطبيقها والاستفادة منها في تصميم سياسات للنقل في المنطقة العربية، تقلل من معدلات الازدحام، وتختصر أوقات السفر، وتسهم في السلامة المرورية. وقد اعتمد التقرير على المراجعة المنهجية في الأدبيات البحثية المنشورة عن الأوراق ذات الصلة بمشكلة الازدحام المروري وتقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي المستخدمة في تدابير الحد منه.
Desafío de los derechos humanos en la actualidad
Authors: Cárdenas Merizalde Raúl Marcelo , Cárdenas Merizalde Kleber Iván , Coronel Merizalde Teodoro Esteban , Cárdenas Merizalde Diego Sebastián
Published: July 2024

La protección de los derechos humanos sigue siendo una tarea continua y compleja que requiere esfuerzos diligentes por parte de gobiernos, organizaciones e individuos de todo el mundo. Este resumen ofrece una visión general de los desafíos que enfrenta la salvaguardia de los derechos humanos, destaca los notables avances logrados hasta la fecha y describe el camino a seguir para garantizar la protección integral de estos derechos fundamentales. Los desafíos en la protección de los derechos humanos son multifacéticos y surgen de diversas fuentes. Estos desafíos incluyen inestabilidad política, conflictos armados, políticas discriminatorias, desigualdades económicas y barreras culturales. Además, las tecnologías emergentes y su impacto en la privacidad y la libertad de expresión plantean nuevos desafíos en la era digital. Abordar estos desafíos requiere un enfoque holístico que combine marcos legales, gobernanza efectiva y conciencia social. A pesar de estos desafíos, se han logrado avances significativos en la promoción de los derechos humanos a nivel mundial. Los marcos legales internacionales como la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos y las convenciones regionales de derechos humanos han proporcionado una base sólida para proteger los derechos humanos a nivel global. Además, el establecimiento de mecanismos internacionales y regionales de derechos humanos, como el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas y el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, ha desempeñado un papel vital en el seguimiento del cumplimiento y la promoción de la rendición de cuentas. También se han realizado esfuerzos para proteger los derechos humanos a través del activismo de base, organizaciones de la sociedad civil y movimientos sociales. Estos actores han desempeñado un papel decisivo en la sensibilización, la promoción del cambio y la responsabilización de los gobiernos por las violaciones de derechos humanos. Los avances tecnológicos han facilitado la difusión de información, permitiendo a activistas y ciudadanos movilizarse y promover causas de derechos humanos de manera más efectiva.
Enfermedad de Addison. Actualización en el diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Rodriguez Rodriguez Pamela Rocio , Domínguez Arévalo José Haraldo , Cabrera Angüisaca Carlos Xavier , Molina Alvarez Lenin Guillermo
Published: July 2024

La enfermedad de Addison, o insuficiencia suprarrenal, es una condición rara caracterizada por la producción insuficiente de hormonas corticosuprarrenales, principalmente cortisol y aldosterona. Las glándulas suprarrenales, situadas sobre los riñones, son esenciales para la respuesta al estrés y la regulación de múltiples procesos metabólicos. Este artículo se ha diseñado como una revisión bibliográfica centrada en la actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad de Addison. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en bases de datos electrónicas como PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Google Scholar, empleando términos como "enfermedad de Addison," "insuficiencia suprarrenal," "diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Addison," y "tratamiento de la enfermedad de Addison." Se recopiló, analizó y sintetizó información cualitativa de los estudios seleccionados, prestando especial atención a los avances recientes y las recomendaciones de las guías clínicas actuales. No se requirió la aprobación de un comité de ética ya que la investigación se basó en literatura previamente publicada. La insuficiencia suprarrenal puede tener diversas etiologías, incluyendo causas autoinmunes, infecciosas, tumorales y medicamentosas. El diagnóstico se basa en síntomas como fatiga, debilidad muscular y pérdida de peso, junto con pruebas de laboratorio que muestran desequilibrios electrolíticos y niveles hormonales anormales. Técnicas de imagen, como la TAC y la RMN, ayudan a identificar la causa subyacente. El tratamiento incluye terapia hormonal sustitutiva con hidrocortisona para suplir el déficit de cortisol y, cuando es necesario, mineralocorticoides para corregir la deficiencia de aldosterona. En crisis suprarrenales, la intervención inmediata con hidratación, corrección de electrolitos y administración de hidrocortisona es vital para la supervivencia del paciente. El manejo a largo plazo requiere ajustes cuidadosos de los medicamentos, especialmente en situaciones de estrés. La identificación y tratamiento temprano de la enfermedad de Addison son cruciales para evitar complicaciones graves. Las guías clínicas y la literatura reciente ofrecen un marco sólido para el diagnóstico y tratamiento, destacando la importancia de un enfoque integral y personalizado para cada paciente.