bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrolytic Hydriding of La(Fe, Si)13 Based Materials and its Magnetocaloric Effect
Authors: Yang Kun , Tian Na , You Cai Yin
Published: December 2014

In this paper, the hydriding of La (Fe, Fe)13 based alloys was realized by the electrolytic method and the effect of electrolytic temperature on the hydriding was investigated. The phase components and surface morphology were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The magnetic properties of samples were characterized using VSM. Results showed that the electrolytic hydriding process was enhanced by increasing the electrolytic temperature. The Curie temperature was increased from 196 K to 325 K. Through Arrot-plot analyses, it was found that the phase transition of samples tends to be a second order phase transition. The magnetic entropy change was reduced from 8.03 J/(kg•K) to 2.03 J/(kg•K) under a maximum external field of 1.5 T.
Microstructural Control of Al/Si Composites by Area-Selectively Liquid-Phase-Sintering Method
Authors: Cai Hui , Sun Wan Chang , Zhang Ju Mei , Cai Peng Hui
Published: December 2014

Area-selectively liquid-phase sintering (AS-LPS) method was developed to control the coarsening of Si particles in Al/60vol.% Si composites with the help of sol-gel-derived interfacial modification, achieved by pre-coating discontinuous Al2O3 film on Si powders. The results show that due to the local presence of less than 1 μm-thick films, Si particles can approximately preserve their as-received size and morphology after being sintered at 950 °C. Whereas, for those prepared by use of the unmodified Si powders, Si phases evolve to several hundred-micron-sized flakes, being similar to the typical eutectic Si in Al-Si casting alloys. It is assumed that the Al2O3-film-coated areas at Al/Si interface control the dissolution of Si into Al liquid, while in uncoated areas Al matrix and Si particles bond together by LPS, thus realizing AS-LPS.
Graphene Oxide/Cement Composites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Zhao Dan , Chen Juan , Gao Qun , Ge He Yi
Published: December 2014

Graphene oxide (GO) synthesized through a modified Hummers’ method was added into cement matrix to prepare GO/cement. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) at 8.2–12.4 GHz of GO/cement composite were investigated. It has been observed that incorporation of GO in the cement matrix can regulate to form flower-like hydration crystals and distinctly enhance the flexural/compressive early stage strength of GO/cement composites. Furthermore, GO sheets played a vital role in effectively improve the shielding effectiveness with the dominant shielding mechanism of absorption of electromagnetic radiation.
The Research for Microwave Modified Vermiculite Adsorption of Zn2+
Authors: Bao Li Fang , Wang Chen Li , Gu Jin Chuan , Zhong Sheng , Wang Rui
Published: December 2014

The impact on the adsorption of Zn2+of these factors, initial concentration, modification time, reaction time vermiculite dosage, reaction temperature and pH having, and absorption mechanism are studied . The results show that: microwave modification time 30s, reaction time 40min, modified vermiculite dosage 8g/L, reaction temperature 30°C, reaction pH 6, Zn2+ adsorption rate can reach 97.91%, adsorption isotherms of Zn2+ by microwave modified vermiculite show that the adsorption equilibrium is consistent with Langmuir curves, correlation coefficient reached to 0.997 at room temperature.
Micro Patterning, Tension Force and the Growth of Osteoblasts
Authors: Xu Wen Feng , Liu Xue , Liao Xiao Ling , Chuong Cheng Ming , Long Xiang Lian , Xie Wen Yue
Published: December 2014

The microenvironment has been shown to regulate cellular functions including cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, migration, cancer development and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. It has been reported that tension force is a key issue for osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts. In the present study, fibronectin film covered on glass substrate was made into square-shaped micro patterns. Osteoblasts cultured on this geometric substrate first located at the edge of the square. Next day the cells extended to the whole square. The results showed that geometric cues can control the growth of osteoblasts. Possible explanation is that the edge of the square provides higher tension force to the cell. These findings demonstrate that tension force from geometric shape is a positive signal for osteogenesis of osteoblasts and bone remodeling.
Synthesis and Characterization of Isobutyl-Chitosan-Ca(II) Complexes
Authors: Zhao Sheng Nan , Wei Chang Ping , Dong Li Dan , Liu Xin , Li Jing , Wang Feng Ming
Published: December 2014

Through an alkylation reaction under alkaline conditions, isobutyl was introduced to chitosan to form isobutyl-chitosan. Isobutyl-chitosan-Ca (II) complex was synthesized at pH 6.0 by a reaction of isobutyl-chitosan and calcium chloride. The structure of isobutyl-chitosan-Ca (II) complexes was characterized by ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum (UV-Vis) and FT-IR spectrum, and the content of calcium was measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The FT-IR spectra of isobutyl-chitosan and chitosan showed that structure of isobutyl-chitosan-Ca (II) complexes was obviously different with isobutyl-chitosan. Results of UV spectra showed that the maximum absorption of isobutyl-chitosan and isobutyl-chitosan-Ca (II) were at 310 nm and 324 nm, respectively. The content of calcium was 1.6026%, measured by ICP-OES.
Synthesis and Characterization of Biomedical Aliphatic Polyurethane Material
Authors: Zhu Rong , Zhang Zong Rui , Zhu Ming Bei , Wang Xin Yu
Published: December 2014

Biomedical transparent poly(carbonate-urethane) elastomers were synthesized by melting pre-polymer method, using 4,4’-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate)(H12MDI) and chain extender (butadiene)(BDO) as hard segment, poly(1,6-hexanediol) carbonate diols(PCDL) as soft segment, and dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst.The effects of molar ratio of the reactants on mechanical properties of PCU were studied and the relationship between micro-phase separation structure and properties was analyzed by the contact angle determination, total reflection fourier transform infrared spectrography(ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), mechanical property test. The comparative analysis was made between the prepared material and commercial medical polyurethane materials, showing the prepared poly(carbonate-urethane) elastomers was better in mechanical properties. As a elastic biomedical material, it has a great potential for developments and applications in biomedical materials.
Improved Photoluminescence and Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation Stability of Zn2SiO4:Mn2+ with MgF2 Nano-Coating
Authors: Li Feng , Zhao Gao Yang , Yang Ying , Zhou Ning , Song Yang , Zhang Shu Xiu
Published: December 2014

In order to prevent Zn2SiO4:Mn2+with short decay time for 3D plasma display panels (PDPs) from the deterioration of the luminescence efficiency caused by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation, MgF2coated Zn2SiO4:Mn2+phosphor samples were prepared by a sol-gel process. The influence of the coating percentage on the photoluminescence properties was investigated.The results show that: MgF2coatings can improve the Zn2SiO4:Mn2+phosphor emission intensity, brightness as well as VUV irradiation stability. And the optimal coating percentage on the luminescent intensity is also achieved: under 147 excitation, the optimal MgF2coating mass ratio is 0.8%, with the best brightness of 11.5% and improved VUV irradiation stability, compared with the raw phosphor.
Corrosion Behaviors of Thermal Diffusion Coating on the Surface of Inconel625 Alloy in Chloride Molten Salts
Authors: Ma Hong Fang , Zhu Ming , Zhu Qing , Li Yan
Published: December 2014

In solar thermal storage system, the mixed chloride molten salt with the higher conversion efficiency than a single molten salt, but they are more corrosive than the often used nitride molten salts. In the presents work, aluminide and chromate coating were prepared on the surface of Inconel625 alloy by thermal packing method. The corrosion behaviors of thermal diffusion coating on the surface of Inconel625 alloy in mixed molten salts at 900°C were studied by using XRD and SEM equipped with EDS in the present work. The results showed that both of the two thermal diffusion coatings have sever corrosion in the mixed chloride molten salts, but thermal diffusion Al coating in the mixed chloride molten salt corrosion is more serious than thermal diffusion Cr coating, because Cr2O3is more easily dissolved in the molten salt than Al2O3.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid-co-2-hydroxyethyl methclate)/ Silver Nanoparticle Composite Hydrogel as Catalysts for the Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol
Authors: Li Yun Long , Liu Bin Huang , Lin Song Bai
Published: December 2014

A novel kind of AgNPs catalyst was synthesized by in-situ reduction method using poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid-co-2-hydroxyethyl methclate) [short as P(AMPS-co-HEMA)] hydrogel as matrices and AgNO3as a metal precursor. The structure of the composite hydrogel was characterized by Scan Electrical Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that AgNPs were binded with end group and most of the particles were isolated and uniformly distributed on the P(AMPS-co-HEMA). The catalytic properties in the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol(shorted as 4-NP) to 4-aminophenol(shorted as 4-AP) were studied in detail, and the result showed that conversion rate and conversion efficiency attained 97.56% and 0.9671 mmol/g·min when the amount of AgNPs was 9mg, [NaBH4] was 2.0×10−1mol/L, [4-NP] was 2.0×10−2mol/L and the total volume of solution was 50 mL, respectively.
A Facile Method for Improving the Process of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide Film Preparation
Authors: Zhang Kai Feng , Zhou Hui , Li Hu Lin , Sang Rui Peng , Wan Zhi Hua , Hu Han Jun
Published: December 2014

A new and facile method for improving the procedure of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film preparation was presented, which was based on an electrochemical detachment procedure. The detachment and pore-opening were performed just through one step in a solution of HClO4and C2H5OH at a voltage of 40V. The as-obtained AAO film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning probing microscopy (SPM). The process of detachment and pore-opening was also discussed.
Preparation of YBCO Thin Films by Metal Organic Deposition Method
Authors: Luo Qing Wei
Published: December 2014

Due to its high in-field superconducting performance, high irreversible magnetic field, low AC loss and high transition temperature, YBa2Cu3O7-x(YBCO) has been taken as a hot research object. Well-oriented La0.4Sr0.6TiO3(LSTO) thin films were prepared on the biaxially textured Ni-W alloy substrates by metal-organic deposition (MOD) method which could used for YBCO coated conductor. The homogeneous and stable precursor solution was prepared by Y, Ba and Cu acetates and deposited on LSTO/Ni-W composite structure by spin-coating method. YBCO films were obtained after heat treatment. Effect of thermal decomposition time on YBCO films was discussed,and the results showed that the proper time of organic decomposition was 3h at 400°C.
Microstructure Analysis and Preparation of B2O3-Modified ZrSiO4/SiC Oxidation Resistant Coatings
Authors: Kong Wei Hua , Huang Jian Feng , Li Cui Yan , Cao Li Yun , Ouyang Hai Bo , Bai Zhe
Published: December 2014

A B2O3-modified ZrSiO4 outer coating was prepared by Pulsed arc Discharge Deposition on the surface of SiC bonding layer coated carbon fiber reinforced carbon (C/C) composites. The phase compositions of the prepared coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphologies of the multi-layer coatings were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of pulsed arc discharge deposition electric voltage and time on the phase composition, microstructure of the mixed coatings was particularly investigated. And the invalidation behavior of the as-prepared coating coated samples at 1273K was analyzed. XRD results show that the outer layer of the coating was mainly composed of B2O3 and ZrSiO4 phase. When the deposition electric voltage was 400V, single deposition time was 8 min, total time was 32min, the structure and thickness of the outer layer was compact and uniform. The coating prepared at optimal technological conditions could effectively protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1273K in air for 600min with a weight loss of 4.063%. The failure of the coating at intermediate temperature is due to the generation of some cross-cracks in the coating and sectional volatilization of B2O3.
Influences of Reaction Conditions on the Morphology and Properties of CaWO4 Films Prepared by Anodization
Authors: Zhao Jian Ling , Liao Yong , Zhao Li Ye , Yang Xiao Jing , Yu Wei , Wang Xi Xin
Published: December 2014

CaWO4 films were prepared in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution through constant-voltage anodization method. Influences of reaction time, voltage and temperature on the morphology, crystal structure and photoluminescence properties were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and photoluminescence measurements (PL). Results show that the as-prepared CaWO4 film is of tetragonal phase, the reaction conditions affect the morphology, grain size and photoluminescence properties greatly. The CaWO4 film anodized at 20V, 45°C for 40 min is flat, uniform and dense with stronger photoluminescence intensity. The formation process of CaWO4 films has also been discussed.
Study on the Electric Properties of Carbon Fibers and its Application for the Preparation of Carbon/Carbon Composites
Authors: Xu Xian Feng , Chai Ling Zhi , Li Hui , Zeng Ling Sheng
Published: December 2014

Acetylene (C2H2) was used as carbon source gas, nitrogen (N2) as dilution gas. The electric properties of carbon fibers was briefly discussed by energizing the carbon fibers in vacuum condition which were applied for the preparation of carbon/carbon composites by the method of chemical vapor deposition. The deposition mechanism and microstructure of pyrolytic carbons in carbon fibers under different deposition crafts were also discussed. Results indicate that the greater the initial voltage, the higher the temperature, we can change the deposition temperature by changing the initial voltage according to the relationship between the brightness and the surface temperature of carbon fibers. The surface of carbon fibers will be etched in the process of electrifying which would make the pyrolytic carbons preferred deposition on the etching point which became the growth center in the early deposition process. The pyrolytic carbons deposited with a spherical microcrystalline structure under the gas flow of C3H6/N2=2:3, When the rate of gas flow is C3H6/N2=1:2, The pyrolytic carbons deposited with a spherical microcrystalline structure after deposited for 0.5h, but after deposited for 1h, the deposition of large patches of molecular is dominant which lead to that: from a macro perspective, the pyrolytic carbons were a layered structure, From a microscopic perspective, they were a spherical microcrystalline structure with different size.
Facile Synthesis of CaCo3 and CaCo3:Eu3+ Phosphors by Solid State Reaction at Room Temperature and the Luminescence Properties
Authors: Wang Hua Yue , Gong Fu Zhong , Zhou Li Ya , Sun Lu
Published: December 2014

The CaCO3 and CaCO3:Eu3+ phosphors have been synthesized by solid state reaction at room temperature without further sintering treatment. The morphology, crystalline structure, and fluorescent properties of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectrofluorometer, respectively. Also, the influences of Eu3+-doping concentration on the photoluminescence (PL) properties were investigated in detail. The results indicate that the morphology of as-prepared CaCO3 particles are irregular cubic in shape and about 200-400nm in size, while the CaCO3:Eu3+ particles are the aggregates of many small nanoparticles with nearly 30nm in size, indicating that Eu3+ ions have a great influence on the CaCO3 particle morphology and size. The lines around 392nm in luminescence excitation spectrum is the most noticeable. Upon excitation at 392nm, the PL emission spectrum is composed of two band and strong peaks at 589nm and at 613nm. The peaks at 589nm is attributed to magnetic dipole transition 5D0–7F1 and with the increase of the Eu3+-doped concentration, the intensity decreases gradually; but it shows the opposite trend for the peak at 613nm which is attributed to the hyper sensitively forced electric dipole transition5D0–7F2.
Synthesis of Al Doped ZnO with a Novel Rice Microstructure by Hydrothermal Process and Analysis of their Gas Sensing Properties
Authors: Li Zan , Qin Wei , Wu Xiao Hong
Published: December 2014

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) powers with a novel rice-like morphology have been successfully synthesized through a simple and efficient hydrothermal approach, the products have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It showed that all the samples presented an hexagonal wurtzite structure of high crystallinity, and the microstructure was composed of numerous dumbbells. Furthermore, the heater gas sensors were fabricated and an investigation of gas sensing properties has been conducted. The sensors showed good selectivity to ethanol comparing with NH3, SO2, CO and HCHO and possible mechanism was discussed. The Sensors based AZO powers exhibited high response values, reproducible response-recovery to ethanol 50-1800 ppm at 332°C.
Development of W/Cu Plasma Facing Component for Fusion Device
Authors: Chong Fa Li
Published: December 2014

Tungsten was considered a promising plasma facing material in fusion device due to its high sputtering threshold, the high melting point,and so on. Several technologies fabricated tungsten armor on copper substrate were introduced, which included plasma sprayed tungsten coating, W/Cu functionally gradient material and the dispersiion strengtheded W alloys (W-TiC, W-La2O3). Meanwhile, W-Cu mock-up with the different compliant interlayers was optimizated by means of ANSYS code.
Influence of the Particle Size on the Rheology of Magnetorheological Elastomer
Authors: Jin Qian , Xu Yong Gang , Di Yang , Fan Hao
Published: December 2014

In this paper, the correlation between the particle size and rheological properties of MRE was discussed through both experimental results and theoretical analysis. It shows that the particle size can significantly influence the magnetorheological effect by changing the initial shear modulus and the saturated magnetic-induced shear modulus . With an increase in the particle size, the initial shear modulus gets lower, and the saturated magnetic-induced shear modulus increases to the maximum and then decreases. The larger the particle size is, the longer the distance between neighbor particles along the magnetic field is. Based on the relationship between the particle size and shear modulus, there exists an optimum size for added particles. Moreover, the performance of MRE can be improved by optimizing the particle size based on those rules.
Dielectric Performance of (1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics Synthesized by Sol-Gel Combustion Method
Authors: Yao Miao , Du Hui Ling , Du Xian , Liu Jun , Long Li Xia
Published: December 2014

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3(x=0.04, 0.06, 0.08) was synthesized via sol–gel combustion method. Structural analysis was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structural morphology of the nanoparticles was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ceramics show a rhombohedral-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in the range of x =0.04-0.08, which makes ceramics having superior dielectric and piezoelectric properties. There is a decrease of the grain size with increasing BT concentration, suggesting that dissolving BT into NBT inhibits the grain growth. And the multi-peak fitting result shows lattice constants of NBT have increased with the BT doped into NBT. Belong to the ionic polarization relaxation type, the low temperature dielectric anomalous peak shift towards a high temperature and the high temperature dielectric anomalous peak shift towards a lower temperature showed by the dielectric-temperature spectrum. Dielectric-temperature spectrum further determines that (1-x)NBT-xBT ceramics are relaxation ferroelectrics, and join BT makes the Curie temperature decreasing about 21 to 24°C. High piezoelectric properties with d33=148pC/N are observed in NBT-BT0.06.
High-Rate Capability and Excellent Cycling Stability of Li3V2(PO4)3/C Cathode Material Prepared via Sol-Gel Combined with Ball Milling Method
Authors: Long Yun Fei , Xiao Qing Hua , Su Jing , Lv Yi Ju , Lv Xiao Yan , Wen Yan Xuan
Published: December 2014

Li3V2(PO4)3/C is prepared by sol-gel combined with ball milling method (SG-BM). The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), C-S analysis and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. The structural characterization shows that the composite prepared by SG-BM is composed of the well crystallized Li3V2(PO4)3 with the space group P21/n and 6.2 wt.% amorphous carbon. SEM and TEM results show that the prepared composite has uniform size distribution with the narrow range of 0.5-1.5μm, and its surface is covered by a smooth and uniform carbon layer with thickness of about 10nm. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements indicate that the composite exhibits high rate capability and excellent cycling stability. The prepared composite delivers a discharge capacity of 131.1mAh/g, 128.9mAh/g, 122.6mAh/g and 113.8mAh/g at 0.5C, 1C, and 10C, respectively. The capacity retention of 100% is achieved after 50 cycles at 1C. This outstanding electrochemical capability is attributed to the ultrafine particles with narrow size distribution and the well-covered carbon layer with proper thickness.
Application of Natural Minerals in the Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO)
Authors: Wang Rui , Gu Jin Chuan , Wang Chen Li , Zhong Sheng , Bao Li Fang
Published: December 2014

Methods such as processing of ilmenite concentrate by impregnation and roasting, several kinds of CWAO system mineral catalyst is prepared. And to explore under certain conditions of phenol in waste water of phenol removal rate, compare several kinds of preparation methods of catalysts. Studies show that the effort of 723 K calcined after partial acid salt dipping made catalyst is best. Under the condition of 100 r/min at 303K, the 10 mg/L of phenol removal rate can reach more than 98%.
Preparation and Catalytic Properties of BaSb2O6 Photocatalyst
Authors: Han Xiu Ping , Yao Bing Hua , Zhang Qin Ku , Zhang Cai Ling
Published: December 2014

The small-stones-like BaSb2O6 had been successfully prepared through two-step reaction by using inexpensive Sb2O3 reactant. The effects of reaction conditions (temperature, time) on photocatalytic efficiency were researched. The photocatalytic activity of BaSb2O6 was evaluated by photodegradation of methylene blue (MB). The results showed that the decolorization rate of methylene blue was over 90% under ultraviolet lamp (500 W) beam for 40min. Its structures and morphologies had been investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that XRD pattern of BaSb2O6 was consistent with standard card and morphology of BaSb2O6 was smooth close-packed state "small stones", fine particles & no agglomeration.
Highly Photocatalytic Properties Observed in 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O under UV-Light for MB, RhB and MO Degradation
Authors: Yang Liu Qing , Huang Jian Feng , Kong Xin Gang , Cao Li Yun , Li Jia Yin , Fei Jie , Li Cui Yan , Ouyang Hai Bo
Published: December 2014

Zinc borate (4ZnO·B2O3·H2O) crystallites at diverse pH values were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The phase composition, morphologies and photocatalytic properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV–vis spectro-scopy and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectro-scopy. Results show that the 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O microcrystalline obtained at pH=9 shows a new clintheriforms morphologies assembled by nanowiskers. Superior UV-light photocatalytic activity of the samples for MB, RhB and MO is observed especially higher than that of P25 for MB. These samples exhibit morphology-related ultraviolet absorbing ability with different optical band gaps from 4.01 eV to 4.22 eV. Band gaps are responsible for the highly UV-light photocatalytic activity.
Modification of Hydrogen Zeolite with CeO2 and its Catalysis Application for Preparing Aspirin
Authors: Tan Zhen , Chen Hui Ying , Lan Bi Hao , Tong Xiang Wen , Ba Xiao Mei
Published: December 2014

Hydrogen zeolite was modified with CeO2 by impregnation - filtration - heat treatment. Hydrogen-zeolite samples before and after modification were characterized by XRD and SEM. The catalytic efficiency of modified hydrogen-zeolite was investigated. Such modification conditions were explored: as the CeO2 percentage, calcination temperature, calcination time, impregnation temperature. The results show that the optimal CeO2 percentage is 0.5%, calcination temperature is 600°C, calcination time is 2h, impregnation temperature is 75°C. The aspirin yield reaches 78.3% under the optimal conditions, compared with that (64.8%) catalyzed by sulfuric acid and that (70.4%) catalyzed by unmodified zeolite. XRD, SEM characterizations show that Ce ions can be doped into the zeolite framework. And the modification makes the zeolite particle size become smaller, which is reduced to 50.5nm from 56.76nm. A high efficient and eco-enviromently catalyst was got by modification.
Thermodynamic Analysis in Sintering Reaction of Coal Fly Ash with Alkali
Authors: Li Si Qiong , Chen Jie
Published: December 2014

With sodium carbonate and calcium oxide as sintering additives, through the thermodynamic analysis and sintering experiment, study the thermodynamic behavior of fly ash with both in the sintering process; the sintering products were analyzed by XRD. The research results show that sodium carbonate as sintering additive fly ash thermal decomposition of the main phase of nepheline (NaAlSiO4), calcium oxide as sintering additives, and fly ash sintered products mainly 12CaO·7Al2O3、2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2 and 2CaO·SiO2 etc., And the temperature of the above substances generated is very favorable, fly ash and calcium oxide sintered at high temperature. Through sintering can effectively decompose the fly ash of quartz and mullite, soluble in acid or alkali salts, lay the foundation for the extraction of aluminum and silicon material from fly ash.
Effect of Additives on the Formation of SmCo Magnetic Nanoparticles by Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Tian Jian Jun
Published: December 2014

Monodispersed magnetic SmCo nanoparticles have been prepared by polyol synthesis using non-toxic inorganic precursors (nitrates). The effect of the additives of NaOH, HNO3, CH3COOH and poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) on the formation of SmCo nanoparticles is studied in this paper. The results indicate that base solution can boost the reduction of Co while acid solution is helpful for the formation of SmCo due to decreasing the reduction velocity of Co. CH3COOH is appropriate additive for the synthesis of SmCo nanoparticles, but more addition of CH3COOH will result in the emergence of CoC2 phase and decrease the coercivity of the resultants. The additive of PVP not only is a dispersing agent, but can prevent them from oxidating during preparation process. The SmCo nanoparticles with a size of 5-8 nm have the ferromagnetic properties of high coercivity (>1000 Oe).
RGO/BiVO4 with Photocatalytic Activity by a Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Li Dan , Shan Lian Wei , Dong Li Min , Wang Gui Lin , Wu Ze , Han Zhi Dong
Published: December 2014

RGO/BiVO4powders were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The crystal structure of RGO/BiVO4was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the micro-morphology of RGO/BiVO4. The recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs were investigated by fluorescence spectrophotometer. Photocatalytic properties of the prepared samples were examined by studying the degradation of model dyes magenta.
Quality Evaluation of HVOF Coatings on the Basis of WC-Co in Tribocorrosive Conditions
Authors: Brezinová Janette , Guzanová Anna , Draganovská Dagmar , Bronček Jozef
Published: December 2014

Article deals with analysis of production and characteristics of ceramic coatings applied using HVOF technology. It presents the results of research focused on quality evaluation of HVOF coatings on the basis of WC-Co and impact of Boron Nitride protective layer. HVOF coatings were exposed to hard tribocorrosive conditions. For determining of corrosive resistance of coatings 1M solution of NaCl, potentiodynamic tests and accelerated salt spray test were used. Experiment confirmed that using of Boron Nitride protective coating clearly improves corrosive resistance of the coating on the basis of WC-Co even in hard combined tribocorrosive conditions. Protective layer seals the pores in the structure of coating and thus prevents the formation of corrosion and subsequent depreciation of coating in various corrosive environments. Using of protective layer thus improves lifetime and reliability of spraying and the part itself. Improved lifetime positively influences also the economics of the operation of energetic equipment in which these coating are used.
Effect of Surface Treatment by DCPD Coating on Corrosion Resistance of Magnesium Alloy Elektron 21
Authors: Omasta Miroslav , Hadzima Branislav , Pastorek Filip
Published: December 2014

Electrodeposition process of calcium phosphate (CaP) was performed on Elektron 21 magnesium alloy and the influence on corrosion resistance of the alloy covered by CaP was investigated by electrochemical tests. The electrodeposition treatment was performed by potential controlled method in water solution of Ca (NO3)2.4H2O, NH4H2PO4 and H2O2. Corrosion measurements were performed in 0.1M NaCl solution at laboratory temperature (22 ± 1 °C) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrodeposited surfaces had higher polarization resistance than only ground surface after all exposition time in 0.1M NaCl.
Carbon Molecules on a Copper Substrate
Authors: Rozouvan Tamara , Shaykevich Igor , Rozouvan Stanislav
Published: December 2014

Semiconductor and metal carbon nanotubes were studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectral ellipsometry. STM measurements with spatial resolution up to 0.15 nm reveal spatially complicated structure of semiconductor nanotube-substrate interface layer. The measurements also registered graphene nanoclusters with hexagonal rings structure on copper. Quantum mechanical numerical calculations of electron density were performed on a carbon nanotube containing 40 atoms.
Hybrid Structure for Solar Cells Based on SWCNT/CdS
Authors: Houshmand M. , Zandi M.H. , Gorji Nima E.
Published: December 2014

Recently, we considered the application of carbon nanotubes as the buffer layer between the CdS and Cu (In,Ga)Se2thin film solar cells. In this work the structure of a p-n heterojunction solar cell is analyzed including the single walled carbon nanotubes as the absorber and CdS as n-type semiconductor window layer. The interface and current-voltage characteristics of this proposed structure are studied exerting the general formulation of the p-n heterojunction solar cells proposed by Fonash. We propose that SWCNTs/CdS heterojunction solar cell can overlap with a main part of the sunlight spectrum leading to improve efficiency and short circuit current. The interesting property of such devices is that the light can inter to the device from the absorber as carbon nanotubes are transparent semiconductor nanostructures. The results of this study can be extended to graphene nanolayers as it has been extensively studied by the PV community in recent years.
Polydisperse Low Diameter ‘Non-Toxic’ Silver Nanoparticles Encapsulated by Rooibos Tea Templates
Authors: Oyagi M.O. , Michira Immaculate N. , Guto P. , Baker P.G.L. , Kamau G. , Iwuoha I.
Published: December 2014

This work reports the synthesis of ‘non-toxic’ polydisperse, low diameter silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Rooibos extracts at temperatures 25 °C, 30 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C and 90 °C were used. The effect of different extraction temperature on the % yield and nature of the AgNPs were investigated. The characteristics of the ‘green synthesis’ processed AgNPs were evaluated through UV-Vis spectroscopy, high resolution tunnelling microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and EDX techniques. Results indicated an increase in extraction temperature leads to more polyphenol extraction, increase in the AgNP % yield and greater absorbance. A yellow to brown to dark brown colour change observed during the synthesis indicated AgNPs formation. UV-Vis results indicated the AgNPs surface plasmon peaks at 440, 447, 450, 460 and 489 nm for the 25 °C, 30 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C, 90 °C respectively. SEM results revealed spherical nanosized particles with dense cores and lighter outer region with mean diameters for AgNPs ranged between 4.4-5.8 nm. EDX results indicated prominent Ag peaks at 3.10 keV. XRD results showed vaguely defined amorphous polyol peaks at below 2θ = 27°. The sharp peaks at 2θ = 38°, 45°, 66° and 77° which were assigned as 111, 200, 220 and 321 corresponded to the face-centred cubic crystalline silver phase.
Factors influencing the involvement in non-agricultural income generating activities of rural youth: A case study in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Umunnakwe Victor C
Published: December 2014

Many rural youth are faced with difficulty of maintaining livelihoods and consequently, poverty remains pervasive among them. The importance of income generating activities to rural livelihood cannot be over-emphasized. The paper examined the involvement of rural youth in non-agricultural income generating activities as well as factors influencing their involvement in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Multi stage random sampling was used to collect data from 247 respondents. Respondents participated in number of non-agricultural income generating activities with petty trade being the most common. Majority of respondents were married, educated up to high school had low achievement motivation and medium economic motivation. There were significant influences of socio-economic and psychological characteristics of respondents on their involvement in non-agricultural income generating activities (R2=0.582). Marital status (t=4.284), family occupation (t=3.668), respondents’ education (t=-4.705), employment status (t=3.607), rural life preference (t=3.102), achievement motivation (t=5.853), economic motivation (t=5.358), fatalism-scienticism (t=-5.197), mass media exposure (t=6.998) and extension contact (t=-4.698) were predictors of involvement in non-agricultural income generating activities engaged by rural youth at 1 percent significant level while 1/3 of the total accountable variation was explained by achievement motivation. Governmental and non- governmental organizations should take all income generating activities engaged in by rural youth as well as the identified factors influencing them into consideration when initiating and embarking on programmes targeted at improving their livelihoods. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jur.v2i1-2.7851 J. Univ. Ruhuna 2014 2:24-32
Development of a MATLAB Toolbox for Mobile Radio Channel Simulators
Authors: De Silva DS
Published: December 2014

A profound knowledge of mobile radio channels is required for the development, evaluation, and also assessment at practical conditions of present and future mobile radio communication systems. The modelling, analysis, and simulation of mobile radio channels are important key area in current context. In addition to that, knowledge of channel behaviour in mobile radio communication is extensively recommended for the study of transmitter/receiver performances under different propagation scenarios. Our intention in this research work was to develop various kinds of mobile fading channel simulators using MATLAB and embed them into MATLAB software as a toolbox. Implemented channel simulators were combined MATLAB as a toolbox which users can easily select well-known channel models to test and to study the performance of mobile communication systems. It gives better support for the new users to work on the developed channel simulators, run the test procedures as well as parameter computation. The toolbox contains channel simulators for simulating non-stationary land mobile satellite channel, spatial shadowing processes, MIMO channels, multiple uncorrelated Rayleigh fading channels, mobile to mobile channel, frequency hopping channels etc. Set of test procedures were developed such as the autocorrelation function ACF, average duration of fades ADF, the probability density function PDF, and the level-crossing rate LCR etc., in order to test and to confirm the correctness of the implemented channel simulators. Proposed new algorithms to compute the model parameters of the channel simulators were also implemented in the toolbox to enable the parameterization of the channel simulators under specific propagation conditions. Some of the simulation models were implemented based on specification of GSM system by CEPT-COST 207. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jur.v2i1-2.7853 J. Univ. Ruhuna 2014 2:40-45
A NEW SPECIES OF ANTHAXIA FROM IRAN (Coleoptera, Buprestidae)
Authors: Baiocchi D. , Magnani G.
Published: December 2014

Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) parvula n. sp. from Iran is herein described and illustrated. It is compared to its most similar species, Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) mundula Kiesenwetter 1857. Its peculiar pronotal punctuation, and other morphological features, suggest not to include this new species in any “species-group” so far estabilished.
UNA NUOVA HALAMMOBIA DEL PELOPONNESO E NUOVI DATI FAUNISTICI SUI TENEBRIONIDI DELLA GRECIA (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Liberto A. , Leo P.
Published: December 2014

Halammobia bulla n. sp. del Peloponneso occidentale viene descritta, illustrata e comparata con H. pellucida, l’unica altra specie del genere finora nota, e vengono riportate alcune osservazioni sulle modalità di raccolta degli adulti della serie tipica. La nuova specie è un elemento strettamente psammoalobio legato alle dune costiere. Sono inoltre forniti nuovi dati faunistici su 31 specie di Tenebrionidi della Grecia continentale e peninsulare, alcune delle quali erano conosciute dell’area solo su reperti ottocenteschi. Iphtimulus truquii e Pseudoseriscius helvolus adriaticus risultano nuovi per la Grecia.
NEW RECORDS OF TIGER BEETLES FROM NEW ZEALAND WITH TAXONOMIC AND NOMENCLATURAL NOTES ON THE GENUS NEOCICINDELA (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae)
Authors: Cassola Fabio , Moravec Jiri
Published: December 2014

The present paper deals with several new faunistic data and remarks on the taxonomy and nomenclature of the New Zealand endemic genus Neocicindela Rivalier, 1963, based on examination of type specimens of several taxa. N. novaseelandica (W. Horn, 1892) comb. nov. is restored as an independent species closely related to but well separated from N. helmsi (Sharp, 1886). Field photographs, as well as those of type specimens and some of their characters are given.
UN NUOVO DUVALIUS DELL’UMBRIA, APPARTENENTE A UNA NUOVA LINEA FILETICA (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Magrini Paolo , Degiovanni Augusto , Cirocchi Fulvio
Published: December 2014

Nella presente nota viene descritto Duvalius irmoi n. sp. dell’Umbria (Grotta Lo Sprofondo, N° 420 U/Pg, Monte Tezio), si tratta di una specie anoftalma e depigmentata che probabilmente abita l’MSS più che le cavità tettoniche di ampie dimensioni della zona. La specie presenta una lamella copulatrice di forma singolare, piccola, con una lamina biforcuta conformata a doccia, sormontata da un fanero mediano impari quadrangolare di grandi dimensioni. La struttura singolare della lamella pone questa specie come capostipite di un nuovo gruppo, che denominiamo “gruppo irmoi” e la sua localizzazione all’interno del Triangolo Etrusco (delimitato dai fiumi Arno, Tevere e costa tirrenica e finora privo di nuovi rappresentanti di questo genere) fa pensare che ulteriori ricerche in quest’area geografica porteranno al reperimento di nuovi taxa similari. Questo nuovo gruppo si pone a metà strada fra il “gruppo vallombrosus”, diffuso più a nord (Toscana-Romagna) e il “gruppo straneoi” diffuso più a sud (Umbria-Lazio-Marche-Abruzzi): la lamina principale dell’endofallo ricorda quella di alcuni Duvalius del “gruppo vallombrosus”, ma è priva del vistoso pacco rotondeggiante di spine presente in questo gruppo (v. iconografia del testo), che è sostituito da un ampio fanero mediano impari, simile a quello di alcune specie del “gruppo straneoi”.
PITYOPHAGUS QUERCUS REITTER, 1877, A NEW SAPROXYLIC SAP BEETLE FOR THE ITALIAN FAUNA (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae)
Authors: Audisio Paolo , Chiari Stefano , Zauli Agnese , Jansson Nicklas , Carpaneto Giuseppe Maria
Published: December 2014

During ecological investigations on saproxylic beetle communities of central Italy (Latium), at Bosco Polverino (a mixed evergreen/deciduous forest fragment dominated by cork oaks), and at Allumiere (a small fragment of beech forest surrounded by turkey oak stands), the authors found three specimens of Pityophagus quercus Reitter, 1877 (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae). These are the first known records of this species in Italy, and the first one in association with an evergreen oak, Quercus suber. This discovery led us to review both bionomical and faunistic data so far available on this exceedingly rare and poorly known species.
DAPSA GEMINA AUDISIO & DE BIASE, 1996, A NEW SPECIES OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA (Coleoptera, Endomychidae)
Authors: Audisio Paolo , Ruzzante Gianpaolo , Leo Piero
Published: December 2014

During entomological research carried out in the Pontine Islands (central Italy, Latium, Latina province), Dapsa gemina Audisio & De Biase, 1996 (Coleoptera, Endomychidae), previously known only from coastal areas of NE Algeria, has been recorded in Italy and in Europe for the first time. This new record suggested the authors to shortly discuss the possible scenario of a relatively recent, late Pleistocene passive transportation of Dapsa gemina and of the related D. obscurissima Pic, 1904 (sharing a very similar disjunct geographic distribution) by marine drift of masses of vegetal debris from North Africa.
UN NUOVO OTIORHYNCHUS (LIXORRHYNCHUS) REITTER, 1914 DELLA SICILIA E BREVI NOTE SUL GENERE IONIORHYNCHUS MAGRINI, MEOLI & ABBAZZI, 2005 (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea)
Authors: Magrini Paolo , Petrioli Andrea , Daino Giorgia
Published: December 2014

Nella presente nota viene descritto Otiorhynchus (Lixorrhynchus) milazzoi n. sp. della Sicilia occidentale: di questa specie viene fornita solo una descrizione incompleta per l’assenza degli organi genitali nell’unico esemplare noto e nei resti raccolti. Il nuovo taxon, il primo per la Sicilia, amplia notevolmente verso Sud l’areale di questo sottogenere. Nel lavoro viene ribadita anche la validità generica di Ioniorhynchus Magrini, Meoli & Abbazzi, 2005 (ingiustamente considerato, a nostro avviso, sottogenere di Otiorhynchus da Osella, 2008a), per le nette differenze del genitale maschile nei confronti di Otiorhynchus Germar, 1822.
COLEOPTERA (CARABIDAE, CHRYSOMELIDAE) E LEPIDOPTERA (HESPERIOIDEA, PAPILIONOIDEA) DELLA VALLE DELLA NAVA (PROVINCIA DI LECCO, LOMBARDIA, ITALIA)
Authors: Farina Laura
Published: December 2014

Nel presente lavoro sono riportate le attuali conoscenze faunistiche riguardanti i Coleoptera (Carabidae, Chrysomelidae) e i Lepidoptera (Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) della Valle della Nava (Provincia di Lecco, Italia). Viene documentata l’attuale situazione ambientale in un’area ancora scarsamente soggetta alla pressione antropica, tramite lo studio delle comunità di questi gruppi tassonomici. Indagini analoghe hanno dimostrato in più di un caso di essere adatte ad evidenziare gli effetti dell’alterazione ambientale di un determinato territorio, consentendo di ricavare utili informazioni per la gestione degli habitat in esso presenti (Thiele 1977; Brandmayr 1983; Pizzolotto 1994, Balletto et al. 1982a, 1982b). I dati provengono da 7 anni di ricerche entomologiche effettuate con svariate tecniche di raccolta, a cui si aggiungono alcuni dati inediti ricavati dall’esame della collezione Brivio conservata presso il Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. È stata rilevata la presenza di 180 specie (68 di Carabidae, 72 di Chrysomelidae, 40 di Lepidoptera Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea). Considerata la piccola dimensione dell’area di studio (circa 75 ettari) i dati ottenuti sono particolarmente indicativi e interessanti. Vengono infine esposte alcune considerazioni zoogeografiche e ecologiche.
RECENSIONE
Authors: Isaia Marco , Badino Guido
Published: December 2014

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TWO NEW BLENNIDUS (AGRAPHODERUS) SPECIES FROM PERU, WITH SYNONYMIC NOTES (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Giachino Pier Mauro , Allegro Gianni
Published: December 2014

Two new Blennidus (Agraphoderus) species are described from the Andes of Peru: B. (A.) fitzcarraldi n. sp., from San Luis, Huachucocha lagoon, and from Punta Olimpica pass (Dept. of Ancash), and B. (A.) abditus n. sp., from the route Pampas-Huancavelica (Dept. of Huancavelica). A Neotype is designated for Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 on historical material compared with the type by Chaudoir. The examination of the type material of Ogmopleura filicornis Straneo, 1993 and Ogmopleura bordoni Straneo, 1993 (both wrongly described from Peru based on a misinterpretation of the locality labels) compared with the Neotype of Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 (described from Chile) revealed the following new synonymies: Ogmopleura filicornis Straneo, 1993 = Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 syn. nov.; Ogmopleura bordoni Straneo, 1993 = Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 syn. nov.
DUE NUOVI CEPHENNIUM DELLE ALPI APUANE (TOSCANA) (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae)
Authors: Castellini Giorgio
Published: December 2014

Si descrivono due nuove specie, Cephennium doderianum e C. apuanum, su esemplari raccolti nella catena montuosa delle Alpi Apuane, in Toscana; si espongono inoltre alcune osservazioni e considerazioni sulla struttura edeagica delle due specie.
FURTHER RECORDS OF SCARABAEOIDEA FOUND INSIDE BURROWS OF RODENTS IN IRAN (Coleoptera)
Authors: Ziani Stefano , Moradi Gharakhloo Mohammad
Published: December 2014

A list of Scarabaeoids collected in burrows of rodents in Iran is presented. It represents the fourth contribution by the authors aimed at increasing the knowledge of the nidicolous scarab beetles. Aphodius coniugatus (Panzer, 1795) and Phaeaphodius tauricola (Hrubant, 1961) (Aphodiidae) are recorded for the first time from Iran. Original drawings of aedeagus and epipharynx of the latter species are included. A new dichotomic key to the species of the Onthophagus ponticus lineage (Scarabaeidae) is presented.