bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Study of the Stability of Tautomers and equilibrium constants of Cyanuric acid (CA) in Different solvents.
Authors: Babu Numbury Surendra , Jayaprakash Didugu
Published: May 2018

In the present investigation, the tautomeric and equilibrium of Cyanuric acid has been studied using Hartifock (HF) method in the gas phase and different solvents using the PCM model. The relative energies of these tautomers have been calculated at the HF level of theory using 6-311++ G (d,p) basis set. Energetics and relative stabilities of the tautomers were compared and analyzed in both the gaseous and different solvents. The results indicate that the keto tautomer (CA1) is the most stable form in the gas phase and other solvents. The order of stability of isomers was found to be CA1 > CA3> CA11> CA2> CA6> CA10> CA7> CA4> CA5> CA9>CA8. Having the largest dipole moment the CA8 tautomer is expected to have the strongest interaction with polar solvents. The HF method calculated tautomeric equilibrium constants with respect to the most stable tautomer CA1 of Cyanuric acid both in the gas and in different solvents. The  of the equilibrium constants calculated starting from the general outline of interconversion.
Stability-Indicating Micelle-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method For Determination of Tamsulosin Hydrochloride In Dosage Forms.
Authors: Elshahed Mona Elsayed , Habib Ibrahim
Published: May 2018

A rapid, simple and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method is developed for the determination of Tamsulosin hydrochloride (Tams.HCl) in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on investigation of the fluorescence spectral behavior of Tams.HCl in a sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) micellar system. In aqueous solution of Tris buffer of pH 7±0.2, SDS causes marked enhancement in the fluorescence intensity of Tams.HCl (about +110%). The fluorescence intensity is measured at 328 nm after excitation at 280 nm and the fluorescence-concentration plots are rectilinear over the range 0.1-1.2 µg ml-1, with lower detection limit of 0.027 µg ml-1 and quantification limit of 0.09 µg ml-1. The method is successfully applied to the analysis of the studied drug in its commercial capsules, and the results are in good agreement with those obtained with the official method. The application of the proposed method is extended to stability studies of Tamsulosin hydrochloride after exposure to different forced degradation conditions, such as acidic, alkaline and oxidative conditions, according to ICH guidelines.
AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF GEM-DIHYDROPEROXIDES AND 1,2,4,5-TETRAOXANES CATALYZED BYCHLOROSULFONIC ACIDAS A NEW CATALYST
Authors: Khosravi Kaveh , Asgari Atefeh
Published: May 2018

Chlorosulfonic acid was used as an active, low-cost and reusable solid catalyst for conversion of ketones and aldehydes to corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides using 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide at room temperature. The reactions proceed with high rates and excellent yields.
VALIDATED IC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF RESIDUAL AMINO GUANIDINE IN LAMOTRIGINE DRUG SUBSTANCES WITH SUPPRESSED CONDUCTIVITY DETECTOR
Authors: Maddala Vijaya Lakshmi , Ray Purna Chandra , Chimalakonda Kameswararao , Polisetty Srinivasulu , Koduri Sai Venkata Srinivas
Published: May 2018

This paper describes a validated method for the quantification of amino guanidine in Lamotrigine drug substances and their intermediates using Ion Chromatography (IC), with out any dervitization process. It was analysed using a Ion pac CS17 250 x 4.0 mm column with guard column CG17 50 x 4.0 mm, with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min with injection volume of 20µL with conductivity detection with CSRS 300 x4.0mm suppressor with suppressor current 40 mA and having only 10 minutes runtime with methanol as diluent. It has the mobile phase of 20% v/v Milli-Q-Water and 80% v/v of 10 mM methane sulphonic acid solution.  The method is validated for its Specificity, Precision, Accuracy, Linearity, Ruggedness and solution stability. Aminoguanidine is linear from 1 μg/ml to 25 μg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.9999. Limit of Quantitation of the method is 1 μg/ml and Limit of Detection is 0.3 μg/ml.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SURFACTANTS ON INDOMETHACIN MICROSPHERES FORMULATIONS
Authors: Yammine Paolo , Maarawi Therese , Moussa Dima , Abdel-Massih Roula , Kassab Rima , Abdel-Massih Roula
Published: May 2018

Microencapsulation by the solvent evaporation technique was used to formulate Indomethacin-loaded poly(DL-lactide-co-caprolactone) microspheres with three different surfactants: Tween 80, Span 80, and Polyvinyl alcohol. Different formulations were prepared by changing drug masses, while keeping the quantities of the polymer and of the surfactant constant. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for drug content, particle size, morphology, drug-polymer interaction, stability, in vitro release, and cytotoxicity assays. Comparison was done to study the effects of the surfactant type on their characteristics. Microspheres presented a spherical and porous profile and were characterized by the stable character of the encapsulated drug. The usage of the Polyvinyl alcohol revealed the highest percent drug entrapment and drug loading, the biggest particles sizes, and the lowest drug release rate. It was the opposite in the case of Tween 80. A negligible cytotoxic effect was noted on Polyvinyl alcohol formulations having the highest drug content. Polymeric microspheres were used efficiently as a delivery system for Indomethacin. Changing the surfactant type had many advantages on drug encapsulation and release rate.
Cell Imaging with Fluorescent Bi-Metallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Stasyuk Natalia Ye. , Gayda Galina Z. , Serkiz Roman Ja. , Gonchar Mykhailo V.
Published: May 2018

Last decades various imaging techniques have been applied in biological and biomedical research, such as magnetic resonance imaging, different types of tomography, fluorescence/bioluminescence, ultrasound, as well as multimodality approaches. Fluorescence imaging, especially in combination with nanoscale materials, is a very prospective tool for experiments in vivo and clinical applications due to its high temporal and spatial resolutions. Fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs), having ability to interact with biomolecules both on the surface of and inside the cells, may revolutionize the cell imaging approaches for diagnostics and therapy. In our investigation we report about new method of cell imaging with fluorescent bi-metallic NPs synthesized by chemical reduction of the relevant ions. As the model of living organism, the cells of yeast Hansenula polymorpha were used. All NPs in minimal concentration (up to 0.05 mM) was proved to be non-toxic for yeast cells. The NPs and NPs-modified cells were characterized with the methods of UV-VIS spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atom force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. The bimetallic NPs, possessing the stable fluorescence in solution and inside the cells, allow to observe the phenomenon of NPs transferring from parental to daughter cells through at least three generations followed by releasing from the modified cells. The fluorescent NPs synthesized being small, non-toxic and fluorescent was shown to be perspective tool for cell imaging.
Electronegativity, Hardness and Atomic number: Mutual relationships explored via novel isoelectronic series methodology
Authors: Upadhyay Dinesh Prakash , Sharma Mohan Kumar
Published: May 2018

The novel isoelectronic methodology proposed recently, reveals electronic configuration dependent relationship between the hardness and atomic number, and electronegativity and hardness.  In eight out of the first ten isoelectronic series, the hardness measure (I-A)/2 is an excellent linear function of atomic number (Z), and the electronegativity measure, (I+A)/2 is a quadratic function of the hardness measure; Hence, it is inferred that hardness (η) is proportional to atomic number (η α Z) and electronegativity (χ) is proportional to square of hardness (χ α η2). In both the cases, the two inert gas series species are the exceptions where η α Z2 and χ α η, respectively. These relationships are slightly in discord with the previously reported mutual connections. Previous reports do not indicate electronic configuration dependency as well. The linear (I-A)/2 versus Z plots arises as a result of cancellation of Z2 terms, and the slopes of these plots are sensitive indicator of the electron spin pairing and orbital change. A potential use of (I-A)/2 versus Z, and (I+A)/2 versus (I-A)/2 plots in pointing the incorrect ionization potentials and their evaluation has been elaborated by the striking example of the sixth ionization potential of phosphorous. The (I-A)/2 versus Z relations also provides us a new way to obtain hardness values of cationic and anionic atomic species.
Extractive Dearomatization of Naphthalane Oil Fraction with Ionic Liquid and -N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone
Authors: Abbasov Vagif М. , Aliyeva Leylufer I. , Movsumova Parvana A. , Tagieva Almaz M. , Najafova Gultakin A. , Alizade Arzu E. , Aliyev Bekir  A. , Mammadov Fakhraddin F.
Published: May 2018

In the article are given an analysis of the results of researches carried out for the purpose of selective treatment of the Naphthalane oil fraction boiling at 260-3400C with ionic liquid (IL) -morfolinphormiate synthesized on the basis formic acid + morpholine and - N-methyl-2-pyrrolidon (N-MP) and  as an extractant. The aim is to remove poisonous components -  sulfur compounds and toxic carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in order to improve therapeutic properties of Naphthalane oil cut. For this purpose we have used extraction method. On the basis of the conducted researches the role of -N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and IL-morpholinephormiatee in extraction conditions have been determined in selective treatment of Nafthalan oil, according to the results of spectral analysis residual amount of aromatic hydrocarbons decreased from 18.5% wt accordance to 2%, 1.5%. As well as the amount of sulphur decreased from 0.0354% to 0.010%,  0.011% and 0.019%.In the next stage the treated raffinates with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone has been purified on silica. In a result amount of aromatic hydrocarbons drastically decrease to be 0.07% and 0.02%. As a result we aquire transparency and at the same time the percentage amount of aromatic hydrocarbons drastically decreased from 2% to 0,07%, 1.5%, to 0.02%. Raffinates obtained in a 2-4 stage dearomatization with N-MP and IL. Raffinate are measured on NMR, UV and IR spectral analysis.
ACTIVATION OF THE TRANSESTERIFICATIONS PROCESS OF VEGETABLE OILS TRIGLYCERIDES WITH METHANOL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Mamedova T.A. , Aliyeva Z.M. , Aliyeva A.E. , Samedov R.T. , Abbasov V.M. , M.M Abbasov
Published: May 2018

The process of producing mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids from cottonseed and sunflower oils under the influence of the magnetic field with intensity  15-45 mT  was  investigated . It was revealed that the use of the energy of  magnetic field allows to reduce the reaction time to 10 times, the excess of used alcohol to 2 times while maintaining high yield of the desired product.
Adsorption of textile dyes on raw Tunisian clay: Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics
Authors: Nahed Naghmouchi , Kais Nahdi
Published: May 2018

Natural clay from Nabeul region (north of Tunisia) was investigated for the removal of two anionic textile dyes (RR120 and BB150) from aqueous solution. The raw clay was characterized by means of XRD, IR spectroscopic, chemical analysis, cation exchange capacity and BET surface area analysis.Adsorption studies were carried out under various parameters such as pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature. The adsorption kinetic data was tested by pseudo-first order, pseudo second-order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models. The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The thermodynamic parameters (DH°, DS° and DG°) of the adsorption were also evaluated. The adsorption process was found spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The kinetics of adsorption were best described by pseudo-second order kinetic model. The Langmuir adsorption model totally agrees with the experimental data.
Conservation liquids on the bases of turbine oil of grade T-30 and corrosion inhibitor
Authors: Aliyeva L.I. , Abbasov V.M. , Amiraslanova M.N. , Hasanov E.K. , Aghazadeh Y.J. , Safarova Sh.Z.
Published: May 2018

Conservation liquids have been prepared by adding to T-30 turbine oil different amounts of amidoamine compounds synthesized in 2:1 molar ratio of technical petroleum acids (TPA) to polyethylenepolyamine (PEPA), nitro-compound and phenol-p-alkyl(C8-C12)phenolformaldehyde olygomers on the basis of C14H28 containing α-olefin, as well as composition on the bases of them. Defined that the use of these compounds as compositions records high result as corrosion inhibitor in protection of metal constructions.
BANDGAP ANALYSIS OF NANO CRYSTALLINE L0.1ZY0.9BCCO CERAMICS
Authors: Isac Dr. Jaya Kumari , S. Nair Anitha , Jacob Reenu , Issac Sheela Kumari , Rajan Sam , Vinila V. S. , Satheesh D. J.
Published: May 2018

Crystalline Ceramic Lanthanum Zirconium Yttrium barium Calcium Copper oxide(L0.1ZY0.9BCCO)  was prepared by a high-energy ball milling process through mechanically assisted synthesis at a high temperature to acquire the desired homogeneity and phase formation. Inorder to study the optical properties like reflectivity, absorptivity, refractive index, the UV-VIS analysis of the above nonstochiometric sample was carried out. The dispersion of refractive index was analyzed by the Wemple-DiDomenico single-oscillator model.The band gap energy of the sample was elucidated from the Tauc plot. The refractive index n was calculated and  the results obtained are plotted  with the wavelength.
Photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red 24 in Aqueous Media by Photo-Fenton Reagent
Authors: Sharma Dr. Bhupendra Kumar , Swarnkar Anil Kumar
Published: May 2018

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely used for the removal of health hazardous organic pollutants from industrial and municipal wastewater. Reactive Red 24, which has a complex molecular structure with azo aromatic groups, is widely used in textile industry. Degradation of Reactive Red 24 by Photo-Fenton regent has been investigated under irradiation of visible light in aqueous solution. The parameters that influence degradation such as concentration of Reactive Red 24, FeSO4, H2O2, light intensity and pH of the experimental solution were studied. The optimum condition for the photocatalytic degradation of dye was established. The degradation of dye in the dilute solution follows the first order kinetics.
Removing Thallium (I) Ion from Aqueous Solutions Using Modified ZnO Nanopowder
Authors: Khavidaki H. Dashti , Fekri M. H.
Published: May 2018

In this study, the adsorption of thallium (I) ion as a dangerous pollutant from aqueous solution onto modified ZnO nanopowder as a fairly cheap adsorbent has been examined in batch mode. It was known that modification of the adsorbent was necessary to reach a significant adsorption percentage. The adsorbent used here was modified by sodium phosphate solution. The effect of experimental conditions such as initial pH of solution, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of thallium and temperature is studied. The results showed the dependence of the adsorption percentage to these conditions specially its pH. The maximum adsorption percentage of Tl (I) ions at 25±1oC was 92.8%. Freundlich isotherm model provided a better fit with the experimental data than Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models by high correlation. Separation factor, RL, values showed that modified ZnO nanopowder was favorable for the adsorption of Tl (I) ion. The negative value of ΔH0 showed that Tl (I) sorption is an exothermic process and the negative value of ΔS0 represented that there is a little decrease of randomness at the solid-solution interface during sorption.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Nano-Structured Hydroxyapatite with unique morphologies and Evaluation of Sintering Kinetics
Authors: Johnson Roy , Biswas Papiya , Sindhura Bandhakavi Lakshmi , Nair Chandhana Muraleedharan , Ramavath Pandu , Suresh Madireddy Buchi
Published: May 2018

Phase pure hydroxyapatite (HAp) (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) ceramic powder was synthesized from the stoichiometric solution of calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid employing  sonochemical technique. Crystallinity of the HAp powder is found to be a strong function of amplitude of the ultrasound generator as revealed by XRD patterns and FTIR recorded on the samples prepared using varying amplitudes. Calcination of HAp powder beyond 700°C has resulted in the initiation of sintering as is evident from dilatometric studies and are complimented by the SEM micrographs. Activation energy of sintering of hydroxyapatite pellets using dilatometric sintering kinetic analysis has estimated to be 668±45kJ/mole corresponding to grain boundary diffusion as the prominent mass transport mechanism. Samples exhibited a density of 3.12g/cm3, close to theoretical density (~ 99 %) at the peak temperature of 1200°C. Studies on AC conductivity of the sintered samples exhibited relatively high room temperature conductivity of 5.07x10-8 S/m and a rising trend with temperature probably due to mobility of H+ and OH- ions. Attempts were also made to produce HAp nanorods sonochemically on the ordinary glass substrates immersed in the stoichiometric HAp precursor solution. Surface topographic images of the HAp deposited on glass substrate exhibited nanorods almost individually separated with an average diameter of 50 nm and 200 nm in length providing a process for synthesizing nano-structured HAp with simultaneous deposition exhibiting unique morphologies.
Investigation of Inhibition Effect and Determination of Some Quantum Chemical Parameters of an Organic Compound on the Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Medium
Authors: Bahrami Mohamad Javad , Yazdizadeh M. , Shahidi M. , Hosseini S.M.A.
Published: May 2018

The inhibition ability of [3-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-y1)-4-oxo-2-phenylimino-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid ethyl ester (MOTAE) on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution was investigated using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The inhibition efficiencies increased as the concentration of the compound was increased. The calculated inhibition efficiencies from the investigated methods were in good agreement. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicate that MOTAE acts as a mixed type inhibitor. The adsorption of inhibitor on the steel surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)‎ were used to characterize the surface of the alloy. The structure of inhibitor was optimized using three quantum chemical levels. Some quantum chemical parameters as well as Mulliken charge densities for this molecule were computed and discussed.
Kinetic study of hydromagnesite thermolysis by constant rate thermal analysis
Authors: DIOUANI Jaouher , Nahdi Kaïs
Published: May 2018

The present work is focused on the kinetic study of hydromagnesite thermal decomposition carried out by constant rate thermal analysis technique at 5 hPa partial pressure. The apparent activation energies were measured experimentally all along the decomposition without any assumption about the rate law of the determining step. Under these conditions the decomposition of hydromagnesite occurs in two steps. The first step is a dehydration which occurs with apparent activation energy of 60 kJ.mol-1 and D4 kinetic model. The second step is essentially decarbonatation, which occurs according to an F1 kinetic model and activation energy equal to 95 kJ.mol-1.
A STUDY OF THE ADSORPTION OF DYES FROM THEIR AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY MORUPULE COAL 1
Authors: Nadiye-Tabbiruka Misael Silas , Sejie Foertunate Phenyo , Salamula Estella Judith
Published: May 2018

The adsorption of methyl orange (MO) from its solution by steam activated coal from Morupule colliery was investigated spectrophotometrically using the batch technique, through kinetics and thermodynamics’ study, and found to be reversible at all temperatures used. This was to check whether the coal could be used to purify dye-polluted water from dying and printing textile industry. The effects of varying methyl orange concentration, solution pH and temperature were investigated. The adsorption rate and the adsorption capacity increased with increasing initial concentration, with decreasing solution pH and with increasing temperature. The adsorption capacity was generally low probably due to the low coal surface area (10 m2g-1). The increase in rate and capacity with increasing temperature is believed to be increased surface area due to the swelling of coal which accompanies its heating.  The adsorption kinetics fitted the Lagergren pseudo second order model best indicating overall third order or dual simultaneous pseudo first order processes. Results from the thermodynamic study fitted  Freundlich model best indicating heterogeneity of the surface of the coal sample.
EXTRACTION AND ATOMIC-ABSORPTION DETERMINATION OF PALLADIUM ON THE BASIS OF THE COMPLEXATION REACTION WITH 2-HYDROXY-5-T-BUTYLPHENOL-4-METHOXY-AZOBENZENE
Authors: Pashajanov Aydin
Published: May 2018

Complexation ofPd(II) with 2-hydroxy-5-T-butylphenol-4¢-methoxy-azobenzene(HR) have been researched. The optimum conditions of complex formation and its extraction with chloroform and n-butanol, providing the required fullness of binding of palladium ions were found.Stability constant of the cation complex PdR+ (lgKst=4.3∙1012), and the equilibrium constant of complexation reaction (3.42∙104) were calculated by Komar method. Molar absorption coefficient equals to (4.3±0,1)∙104. The calibration curve was linear at concentrations of palladium 1¸10 mcg / mL.Selective and sensitive technique of extraction-atomic absorption determination of palladium in alloys were developed.
THEORETICAL STUDY OF CHLORINATION REACTION OF NITROBENZENE FROM DFT CALCULATIONS
Authors: MBOUOMBOUO Ibrahim NDASSA , Bebga Gouet , Signé Martin , Volatron François , Silvi Bernard
Published: May 2018

The geometric parameters of stationary points on the potential surface energy of the chlorination reaction of nitrobenzene in the presence of Aluminium chloride as catalyst were investigated theoretically by hybrid DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations in order to determine his general reaction mechanism in gas phase and in solution. The results obtained by DFT have been compared with CCSD(T) method which is the most powerful post-Hartree Fock method in terms of inclusion of dynamic correlation. Although the electrophilic substitution reaction is widely taught in most courses in organic chemistry, the mechanism has been very few studied theoretically. The results obtained in gas phase are consistent with the traditional description of these reactions: the orientation of this substitution in meta position depends on the stability of a reaction intermediate (Wheland said). Without taking in consideration the reactants and products, six stationary points are found on the potential surface energy of this reaction. The reaction has also been studied in the presence of solvent and we’ve noted that the influence of solvent decreases the electrostatic attraction on the Wheland complex, but the general reaction mechanism remains unchanged in solution.
Simulation Study of Adrenaline Synthesis from Phenylalanine
Authors: A-Ali Drea Abbas , T. Mohammed Halla
Published: May 2018

Simulation study of Adrenaline synthesis from Phenylalanine has been carried out using semi-empirical methods (PM3) and density functional theory (DFT) STO-3G level of theory . Geometrical properties and vibration mods have been calculated for all structures. Different probable products have been suggested for each reaction and the most probable products being selected depending upon the electronic properties to prove the pathway of reactions that’s needed to synthesis adrenaline in the human body.           The calculations show the most probable product than other structurs due its energetic values of total energy, energy barrier value, heat of formation, zero point energy, imaginary frequency and rate constant that’s equal to (5.554*1012, 5.572*1012, 7.857*1012, 1.331*1013,1.116*1013) respectively by s-1 units. Thermodynamic functions (∆H, ∆S, ∆G) have been calculated for five steps reactions of Adrenaline synthesis . In reaction 1 equal to (-69.468, 1.37*10-4, -66.610), reaction 2 (-46.453, 3.044*10-3, -64.710), reaction 3 (-63.734, 0.022, 138.900), reaction 4 (87.036, 8.631*10-3, -451.510) and reaction 5 (-6.722,-0.025, 346,800) respectively by kCal/mol, kCal/mol/deg, and kCal/mol respective units. The chemical reactivity or energy gap has been calculated for the most probable products in the pathway of adrenaline synthesis .
A FACILE SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF AMINO SELENOLO[2,3-b]PYRIDINE CARBOXYLATE
Authors: Zaki Dr Remon M , Kamal El-Dean Prof Adel M. , Marzouk Dr Nermin A , Micky Prof Jehan A , Ahmed Mrs Rasha H
Published: May 2018

Incorporating selenium metal bonded to the pyridine nucleus was achieved by the reaction of selenium metal with 2-chloropyridine carbonitrile 1 in the presence of sodium borohydride as reducing agent. The resulting non isolated selanyl sodium salt was subjected to react with various α-halogenated carbonyl compounds to afford the selenyl pyridine derivatives 3a-f  which compounds 3a-d underwent Thorpe-Ziegler cyclization to give 1-amino-2-substitutedselenolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds 4a-d, while the other compounds 3e,f failed to be cyclized. Basic hydrolysis of amino selenolo[2,3-b]pyridine carboxylate 4a followed by decarboxylation furnished the corresponding amino selenolopyridine compound 6 which was used as a versatile precursor for synthesis of other heterocyclic compound 7-16. All the newly synthesized compounds were established by elemental and spectral analysis (IR, 1H NMR) in addition to mass spectra for some of them hoping these compounds afforded high biological activity.
Experimental investigations of Jominy End Quench test using CuO nanofluids
Authors: M Baskaran , KCK Vijayakumar , Moorthy Bharathiraja
Published: May 2018

Nanofluids are the new class of quenching medium with colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, which improves the heat transfer characteristics. The present work has been focused on the quenching effect of mild steel and EN-8 steel with nanoparticles dispersed quenching medium. The different volume concentrations of nanofluids have been prepared by adding CuO nanoparticles with the average diameter of less than 50 nm in distilled water. Three volume concentrations (0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%) of nanofluids have been prepared. EN8 and mild steel rod have machined as per Jominy end quench standard. The materials are heated up to 900⁰C and the heated specimens are Jominy end quenched by using nanofluid. Heat transfer during the cooling has been recorded by interfacing the LabVIEW software, NI-DAQ kit and thermocouple. Then the hardness values are measured at different points on the work piece to examine the change in hardness of the quenched specimens. The result shows that, 0.05% volume concentration nanofluid exhibits a higher heat transfer rate; consequently the high hardness value has been achieved as compared with other specimens. The same effect has been observed with cooling curve, which was recorded by LabVIEW during the quenching process.
A Fuzzy Logic based Privacy Preservation Clustering method for achieving K- Anonymity using EMD in dLink Model
Authors: Palanikkumar D. , Priya S. , Priya S.
Published: May 2018

Privacy preservation is the data mining technique which is to be applied on the databases without violating the privacy of individuals. The sensitive attribute can be selected from the numerical data and it can be modified by any data modification technique. After modification, the modified data can be released to any agency. If they can apply data mining techniques such as clustering, classification etc for data analysis, the modified data does not affect the result. In privacy preservation technique, the sensitive data is converted into modified data using S-shaped fuzzy membership function. K-means clustering is applied for both original and modified data to get the clusters. t-closeness requires that the distribution of sensitive attribute in any equivalence class is close to the distribution of the attribute in the overall table. Earth Mover Distance (EMD) is used to measure the distance between the two distributions should be no more than a threshold t. Hence privacy is preserved and accuracy of the data is maintained.
Decision Making Methodology for Heat Sink Material Selection Using a Compromise Ranking and Outranking Method under Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Loganathan Arulmurugan , Mani Ilangkumaran
Published: May 2018

This paper proposes judicious selection of heat sink materials by extensive evaluation under consideration of numerous alternative materials and evaluation criteria. This enhances the reliability and life of modern electronic devices. Thermal management of electronic devices relies on stabilizing the component temperature at an acceptable level. A hierarchical decision making framework structure based on novel hybrid fuzzy set theory combined with multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model is formed. A fuzzy analytic hierarchical process (FAHP) is more realistic to use linguistic terms to describe the expectation value, perception value and important weight of evaluation criteria. This study comprises six alternatives and seven criteria such as thermal conductivity, density, specific heat, melting point, latent heat of fusion, thermal expansion and cost. The results obtained from FAHP-TOPSIS and FAHP- VIKOR is compared with each other. These results help the designer to choose the apt heat sink material for designing and developing electronic packages.
The NMR Study and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Schiff Bases Derived From Sulphonamide Drug
Authors: Aboud Wasfi , Mahmood Harith Y. , Othman Rasha M. , Shaker Wasan M.
Published: May 2018

Some Schiff base compounds derived from sulfonamide drug were synthesized by reaction of 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide with aromatic aldehydes (2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde) in good yields.  Characterization of synthesized compound was carried by elemental analysis, IR, 1H,13C, HSQC and HMBC- NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp., Bacillus subtillus, Escherichia coli and  Klebsiella pneumonia. Additionally, the compounds were tested for antifungicidal activity against Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus fumigates and Aspergillus niger.
The effects economic usage of standardization of buffalo milk compared with non - standardized for production of fresh Mozzarella cheese
Authors: Maxhuni Shukri Ajet
Published: May 2018

Cheese is one of the first and most popular manufactured food products. What perhaps started out as an accidental curdling of milk has been further defined into cheese making. Over several thousand years, cheese making has advanced from an art to near science. Cheese varieties have proliferated to suit varied conditions and requirements, especially during the last decade or so.Actually, new cheeses are often formulated when mistakes happen, so there well may be truth in the tale. This study is done to research the examinations for production of mozzarella cheese, after research and analyses of physical-chemical peculiar feature of milk. We have followed the processes from drying of cheese until preparing it for market, physical-chemical peculiar feature. We carried out three experiments for each milk-kind. For every experiment, we took three patterns and analyzed.  Production of this sort of cheese, the application of producing technology and the supply of Kosova’s trade market with mozzarella cheese is the objective of this presentation work research.
Structural and optical properties Investigation of ZnxCd1-xS thin films
Authors: Abbas Nada K , Farhan Ahlam M , Majeed Naan F , Muhameed Suaad  A
Published: May 2018

CdZnXS1-X thin films with different composition have been deposited on glass substrate by by the spray pyrolysis method at RT using CdCl2 (0.1M),ZnCl2(0.1M)and H2NCSNH2(0.1M)solution and a substrate temperature of ( 400±20°C). X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the films are polycrystalline in nature with hexagonal structure and preferential orientation along (002) . The grain size of the films is found to increase form  (37.397 to 46.902) nm with increasing Zinc concentration while the strain and the dislocation density of the films are found to decrease from (7.15 to 4.54) 10 4 rad and from (3.82 to 1.93) 10 14 lines.m-2 respectively . The  transmittance  spectrums  of  CdZnxS1-x  thin  films  reveal very pronounced interference effects for photon energies below the fundamental absorption edge by exhibiting interference pattern . The optical energy gap for CdZnxS1-x thin films increases and shifts towards the UV region  as the  Zn concentration in the films increased .
Stopped-Flow Kinetic Study of Reduction of Ferric Maltol Complex by Ascorbate
Authors: Amin Shabana , Nisar Shazia , Arif Kazmi S
Published: May 2018

Stopped-flow kinetic investigation of reduction of Fe(III)-maltol complex is reported. The rates are dependent on pH in a complex way. On one hand at low pH there is a predominance of Fe(III)(maltol)2 which is easier to reduce compared to Fe(III) (maltol)3 which is more resistant to reduction. On the other hand ascorbate is a stronger reducing agent at higher pH. The rates are also found to be inversely dependent on the concentration of free ligand. These observations are explained by the following rate law:Rate = ((k0 +k1[H+])k2 [Asc-]/ (k-1[HMal] + k2[Asc-])) + k3 [Asc-] ) [FeIII(Mal)3] Here k1 is the rate constant for acid hydrolysis of the Fe(maltol)3 complex to Fe(maltol)2 complex and is directly controlled by H+, k0 is the rate constant for hydrolysis of the Fe(maltol)3 complex to Fe(maltol)2 complex and is an intrinsic process, k-1 is the rate constant of reformation of the tris complex by reaction of the bis complex and the free ligand, k2 is the rate constant for reduction of the bis complex by ascorbate and k3 is the rate constant for the reduction of the tris complex by ascorbate.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF POLYMER NICKEL (II) COMPLEX
Authors: Salah Ahmed Mahmoud , Elaasser Mahmoud M. , Osman Ibrahim , Mohamed Alaa Fahmy , El-Shiekh Hussein H. , Abd El-Hai Farag
Published: May 2018

4-vinyl pyridine nickel complex containing polymerizable vinyl group, prepared by condensing (4:1 molar ratio) of 4-vinylpyridine with Nickel chloride, then polymerized with methyl methacrylate at 70 °C using AIBN as initiator. Metal complexand polymer metal complex have been characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance, IR, 1H-NMR , Massspectra and thermal analyses (DTA and TGA). Conductivity measurement reveals the nonelectrolytic nature of thecomplex. This confirms that, the anion is coordinated to the metal ion. The IR reveal the metal ion is coordinated via thenitrogen atom of 4-VP. Nickel complex and polymer nickel complex have been tested invitro against number of tumor andnumber of microorganisms in order to assess their anti tumor and antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial activity wasobserved by compounds VP-Ni and MMA-VP-Ni under the screening conditions. The activity against HCT-116 cells wasdetected for compound VP-Ni (with IC50 value 9.8±0.6 µg/ml), compared with reference standard (24.6±0.3 µg/ml) followedby MMA-VP-Ni (48.3±1.5). In conclusion, this study highlighted the synthesis of polymer nickel complex, and proved thepromising biological activity of the synthesized compounds.
Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of some cis-Alpha- Phenylcinnamic acids by Pyridinium Chlorochromate
Authors: Nalini S. , Udhayakumar R. , Anbarasu K. , Manivannan P. , Raghu K.
Published: May 2018

Oxidation of cis Î±-phenyl cinnamic acids by pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) was studied in acetic acidâ€“water mixturecontaining perchloric acid. The reaction rate is first order in [PCC] and fractional order in [H+] and has aldehyde as aproduct. The rate of reaction increases with increase in the percentage of acetic acid medium. The reactions exhibit kineticisotope effect. The activation parameters have been evaluated. The added Mn (II) decreases the rate of reaction. Theadded sodium chlorate has no effect on the reaction rate and indicates the absence of ion-ion (or) ion- dipole interaction inthe slow step. The deviation of Hammett plot is noted and a â€œVâ€ shaped curve is obtained.
Immobilization of ZnO Suspension on Glass Substrate to Remove Filtration During the Removal of Remazol Red R from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kayes Nazmul , Miah Jalil , Obaidullah Md. , Hossain Akter , Hossain Mufazzal
Published: May 2018

Photodegradation of textile dyes in the presence of an aqueous suspension of semiconductor oxides has been of growing interest. Although this method of destruction of dyes is efficient, the main obstacle of applying this technique in the industry is the time and cost involving separation of oxides from an aqueous suspension. In this research, an attempted was made to develop ZnO films on a glass substrate by simple immobilization method for the adsorption and photodegradation of a typical dye, Remazol Red R (RRR) from aqueous solution. Adsorption and photodegradation of  RRR were performed in the presence of glass supported ZnO film. Photodegradation of the dye was carried out by varying different parameters such as the catalyst dosage, initial concentrations of RRR, and light sources. The percentage of adsorption as well as photodegradation increased with the amount of ZnO, reaches a maximum and then decreased. Maximum degradation has been found under solar light irradiation as compared to UV-light irradiation. Removal efficiency was also found to be influenced by the pre-sonication of ZnO suspension.
Development and Validation of Enantiomeric Purity of Montelukast by SFC Method on Amylose Based Stationary Phase
Authors: Maddala Vijaya Lakshmi , Ch Kameswararao , Polisetty Srinivasulu
Published: May 2018

A new Supercritical fluid liquid chromatographic (SFC) method has been developed in normal-phase conditions for the determination of enantiomeric purity of Montelukast sodium (S,E)-2-(1-((1-3-(2-(7-chloroquinolin-2-yl)vinyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)phenyl)propylthio)ethyl) cyclopropyl) acetic acid (R-isomer) (Anti asthmatic drug) in bulk drugs and in dosage forms. The sample was screened on the analytical SFC to determine the best column for the separation. The screening conditions are Column: Chiralpak AS-H (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using a mobile phase system containing Supercritical fluid (Co2) and 2-Propanol in the ratio (85:15% v/v). The mobile-phase compositions and the differences in separation capability of the method is noted. The resolution between two enantiomers is found to be greater than 1.5. The SFC method for the separation of enantiomers of Montelukast is proved Accurate, Precise, Linear and robust. Relative standard deviation of retention times and peak areas were better than 0.2% and 0.4%, respectively, for precision.
Calcium, Zinc and Phytate Interrelationships in Four Lesser-Known African Seeds Processed into Food Condiments
Authors: Igwe Chidi Uzoma , Ibegbulem C.O. , Nwaogu L.A. , Ujowundu C.O. , Okwu G.N.
Published: May 2018

The calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) and phytate contents of raw, boiled, and boiled plus 72 h fermented samples of four lesser-known African seeds – Citrullus colocynthis, Cucumeropsis edulis, Ricinus communis  and Prosopis africana – locally used for production of condiments in Nigeria were evaluated. Zinc bioavailability of the samples were also estimated using molar ratios per kg dry weight of [phytate]:[Zn], [Ca]:[phytate] and [phytate][Ca]:[Zn]. The levels of phytate, Zn and Ca of the raw seed samples varied from 150.01 ± 11.00 mg/100g (C. colocynthis) to 170.10 ± 10.01 mg/100g (C. edulis), 1.22 ± 0.10 mg/100g (C. colocynthis) to 4.79 ± 0.14 mg/100g (R. communis), and 28.33 ± 2.58 mg/100g (C. colocynthis) to 98.24 ± 15.19 mg/100g (R. communis) respectively. The calculated values of [phytate]:[Zn], [Ca]:[phytate] and [phytate][Ca]:[Zn] molar ratios for the raw seeds indicated that the samples have low Zn bioavailability. However, a combined processing technique of boiling and fermentation together, unlike boiling alone, significantly (p<0.05) improved these molar ratio markers, indicating high Zn bioavailability in condiments produced from these seeds.  The implications of these findings with regards to management of Zn deficiency and the superabundance of these seeds are enormous.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR COLLECTOR HOT WATER GENERATION SYSTEM
Authors: Gopalsmy Vijayan , Karunakaran R.
Published: May 2018

In this work, we investigated the performance of parabolic trough solar collector with hot water generation system for 3 days day time. We observed the differences in temperature in the range of 6.7°C to 24°C.  The average beam radiation during the testing period is 658W/m2. The temperature difference, useful heat gain, wind velocity, direct beam radiation, absorber temperature and solar flux are found in the test period from 9.00 a.m to 16.00 p.m.
Heat transfer intensification of Zirconia/water nanofluid
Authors: Shajahan Mohamed Iqbal , Raj Chockalingam Sundar , Arul Sambandan , Rathnakumar Palanisamy
Published: May 2018

This paper investigated convective heat transfer and friction factor of ZrO2/H2O nanofluid through a circular pipe under laminar flow condition with constant heat flux. Nanofluid is prepared for 0.5, 0.75 and 1% volume concentrations with yttrium oxide surfactant. Nanofluid’s thermal conductivity and viscosity is measured by KD2 Pro thermal analyser and Brookfield viscometer respectively. Results showed that the thermal conductivity and viscosity increased with increase in particle volume concentration. These nanofluids are experimented in a forced convection system, first heat transfer characteristics of DI (Deionised) water  under laminar flow in a copper tube measured, then three nanofluids are carried out the tests, results revealed that the enhanced Nusselt numbers of 21.09,28.05 and 35.73%  at the 0.5, 0.75 and 1% volume concentrations, There is no excess penalty in pumping power  and results showed  less variations in friction factor for nanofluids comparatively with the base fluid DIWater.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Antibacterial Investigation of Ni(II) Coordination Complexes of Macrocyclic Schiff base ligands Derived from 4-Aminoantipyrine
Authors: Lincoln Abraham , Boinapalli Srinath , Kumar A. Anil
Published: May 2018

A series of Ni(II) complexes (NiL1-NiL5) have been synthesized from macrocyclic Schiff base ligands (L1-L5) were obtained from condensation of  4-aminoantipyrine derivative (L) with different diamines and hydrazides. All these compounds were well characterized by elemental, spectral analysis(mass, IR, 1H-NMR, electronic), magnetic suseceptibility, molar conductance and thermal studies. Macrocyclic Schiff bases are tetradentate with N4 donor system around the metal ion.Octahedral geometry have been assigned for all complexes. All ligands and complexes were examined for antibacterial activity and found that complexes were more potent when compared to ligands.
Regioselective Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial properties of full fused non mixed Heterocyclic Systems
Authors: El-Sayed Amira A. , El-HAshash Maher , Rizk Sameh
Published: May 2018

One pot synthesis and reaction of triazinthione and triazinohydrazide derivatives with different electrophilic reagents in ordered to synthesis of some interesting non-mixed heterocyclic compounds. Structures of thiazolotriazine, triazolotriazine, pyrimidinyltriazine, and triazinotriazine derivatives were established via spectroscopic data and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity.
Textiles Printing Using Microencapsulated Pigments in Biodegradable Thickeners
Authors: Abdelrahman Meram S. , Nassar Sahar , Mashaly Hamada , Mahmoud Safia , Maamoun Dalia
Published: May 2018

Micro-encapsulated pigments were formulated into biodegradable printing pastes and their properties were analyzed. The pigment was used as the core material and polylactic-based biodegradable thickener was used as the wall-former. Cotton/polyester blend fabric was printed with micro-encapsulated pigment using screen-printing technique without dispersing agents, penetrating agents, leveling agents or other auxiliaries. Micro-encapsulated pigment has been characterized in terms of average particle size and size distribution, morphological structure and elemental composition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The variations in viscosity and paste stability were observed upon storing over 7 days at ambient temperature. For permanence, the micro-encapsulation process afforded better colorfastness properties against light, washing, rubbing, and perspiration.
New Compounds Measured by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Amino-Fluorene-Thiophene Derivatives to Be Proposed as Polarity Indicators.
Authors: Bernède Jean Christian , Eduardo Ortega , Ramirez Andrés Mauricio , Linda Cattin , Guy Louarn , Fernando Diaz , Maria Angelica Del Valle
Published: May 2018

The solvatochromic effect is high in conjugate compounds and easy to observe by the colour change emitted when the solutions are exposed to UV light. It was found in a series of aminofluorene thiophene derivatives, previously synthesized, that irradiating at different wavelengths, the same pattern is obtained, i.e. a dual behaviour in the solvatochromism of the studied compounds. For each one, a bathochromic and hypsochromic effect exists, in polar and nonpolar solvents, respectively. Wavelength vs. polarity index plots clearly showed the abovementioned dual behaviour as well as the improved linearity in its plots. Amidst the wavelengths at which each compound is excited in each solvent, 280 nm was selected as the fixed wavelength for the measurements; (E)-9,9-diethyl-N-hexyl-N-phenyl-7-(2-(thiofen-2-yl)vinyl)-9H-fluoren-2-amine (M6-6) exhibits better linearity as compared to the other studied compounds, being the best to be proposed as polarity sensor or indicator.
Anti-corrosive effect of Cassia alata leaves extract on Mild steel in 1.0N Hydrochloric acid
Authors: A.p Petchiammal , Rani P.Deepa , Laks S.Seetha , Selvaraj S.
Published: May 2018

The inhibition effect of Cassia alata leaves extract on corrosion of mild steel in 1N HCl was investigated through mass loss measurements with various time and temperature. The observed result indicated that the corrosion inhibition efﬁciency and degree of surface coverage were increased with increase of inhibitor concentration and temperature. The thermodynamic parameters (Ea, ∆Hads, ∆Gads, ∆Sads) were evaluated for corrosion inhibition process which suggests that the adsorption is endothermic, spontaneous and chemisorptions and also the inhibitor follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The protective ﬁlm formed on metal surface was analyzed using spectroscopic studies viz, UV, FT-IR and EDX techniques.
Computing the Omega polynomial of an infinite family of the linear parallelogram P(n,m)
Authors: Farahani Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2018

Let G=(V,E) be a molecular graph, where V(G) is a non-empty set of vertices and E(G) is a set of edges. The Omega polynomial Ω(G,x) was introduced by Diudea in 2006 and this defined as  where m(G,c) the number of qoc strips of length c. In this paper, we compute the omega polynomial of an infinite family of the linear parallelogram P(n,n) of benzenoid graph.