bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance study of different EDM Electrode Materials for machining of honeycomb cavities of plastic injection molds
Authors: Hatvalne Sarang , Rachayya Arakerimath
Published: May 2022

Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is an extremely prominent machining process among newly developed non - traditional machining techniques for “difficult to machine” conducting materials such as heat treated tool steels, composites etc. In EDM, the material removal of the electrode is achieved through high frequency sparks between the tool and the work-piece immersed into the dielectric. The Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and surface integrity are some of the important performance attributes of the EDM process. This is widely used in machining intricate cavities in Aluminum HPDC Dies, Tyre mold manufacturing and Plastic Injection mold manufacturing. In Plastic injection mold manufacturing, especially for machining narrow cavities of honeycomb structures, the tool wears faster and machining becomes costly. This study compares performance of three materials viz. Copper, Graphite and Copper impregnated Graphite used as EDM electrodes and evaluates their performances based in lower Tool Wear Rates (TWR)
The thing most important
Authors: Bradley Scott P.
Published: May 2022

The Zhuangzi is a book that opens to a virtual wilderness of interpretive possibilities begging for exploration by scholars and laypersons alike. What follows here is an adventuresome foray by one of the latter. As such, it is essentially an exercise in creative writing. Since it is our interpretive conclusion that this was precisely what Zhuangzi himself was about, we believe he would smile broadly upon this endeavor however far-afield its proclamations might be. This point is central within this essay. However we engage with Zhuangzi, whether as a dilettante or an academic, it is the engagement that matters most. Conclusions are secondary at best. This having been said, conclusions will be found herein. Ambiguity is the signature characteristic of Zhuangzi’s writing. Awareness of ambiguity as a defining characteristic of the human experience invites us to consider the importance of not-knowing, the thing-left-out, the usefulness of the useless, the prioritization of Yin over Yang, and, most importantly, the experience of inherent emptiness. For Zhuangzi, such an awareness invites a radical paradigm shift away from the cognitive to the visceral. It invites an embrace of emptiness that renders one free of all dependence on being a self in need of itself.
An overview of translation semiotics in China
Authors: Du Yueqing
Published: May 2022

Translation semiotics is a new discipline which emerged in recent years from the two fields of translation and semiotics. Scholars in China, such as Hongwei Jia, have carried out related studies on this new discipline, defining it, positioning its research range, and providing its theoretical frame. Jia innovatively proposed the construction of three retranslation domains applicable to translation semiotics – intrasemiospheric translation, intersemiospheric translation, and suprasemiospheric translation – to broaden the theoretical perspective of translation semiotics. In this paper I present an overview of a comprehensive survey of the literature on translation semiotics in China to reflect the current situation of Chinese academic research in this field. The paper provides an analysis of the survey results revealing the progress of research, summarizes the existing shortcomings and problems, and discusses future development trends in this field in order to provide some ideas and references for further research.
From “Chinese bound feet” to “Chinese lover(s)” – excerpts from Marguerite Duras: La chambre noire de l’écriture
Authors: Huang Hong
Published: May 2022

This paper draws on a translated and adapted excerpt from the author’s book, Marguerite Duras: La chambre noire de l’écriture (2021) (original title: 玛格丽特·杜拉斯:写作的暗房). Starting with Marguerite Duras’s unpublished essay, “Les petits pieds de la Chine,” written around 1950, this paper aims to reveal how childhood memories are generated and transformed into Duras’s typical mode of writing about the self over time, which holds good for understanding and analyzing the five versions of lover(s) that Duras created from the 1940s to the early 1990s. The theme and destination of Duras’s creation is not so much love as writing, which never stops generating “another possibility of returning to the original book.”
A Sontagian interpretation of Love for Life
Authors: Ke Ying
Published: May 2022

Susan Sontag’s discussion and depiction of illness, especially AIDS, in her writings can help us better understand the metaphoric mechanism of illness in the Chinese film Love for Life. As one of the leading metaphors attached to AIDS, plague brings discrimination and prejudice against AIDS patients, whether they are to blame or not. Moreover, due to demonization, AIDS patients suffer from social death even when they are still alive. Love for Life challenges the taboo subject in China and makes an appeal that the body should not be treated as the vehicle of metaphors and that we need to break the illness–health dichotomy so as to shake off the metaphors of illness.
On an iterative fractional Tikhonov–Landweber method for ill-posed problems
Authors: Xiong Xiangtuan , Li Zhenping , Li Jun
Published: May 2022

Recently, fractional Landweber and iterative fractional Tikhonov method are well investigated for solving ill-posed problems.
In this paper, based on a special discretization scheme of the gradient flow equation, a general iterative scheme is obtained.
We call it iterative fractional Tikhonov–Landweber method.
Error analysis is conducted for this method.
A preliminary numerical test shows that the proposed method has its advantage.
Joint formation mechanism of different laser transmission welding paths
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Pin , Wang Xiao , Xu Wei , Liu HuiXia
Published: May 2022

In this study, the rectilinear, sine, and spiral paths of polymer transmission welding were used to perform welding comparative experiments, and the influence of various parameters in the polymer transmission welding of different laser paths on the joint performance and the formation of molten pool was discussed. The spiral path exhibited the highest joint strength, that increased by more than 50% compared with conventional rectilinear welding. The molten pool formed by spiral welding had a high depth-to-width ratio. Microscope observations revealed that the glass fiber flow signs in the molten pool were obvious, the glass fiber in the molten pool was abundant, and the bubble generation rate in the molten pool was lower. In this paper, Fortran language was used to construct Gaussian body heat source movement model with different paths. Results show that the spiral welding had higher welding stability than traditional rectilinear welding, welding defects caused by the lack of heat in the previous period can be properly compensated by selecting the appropriate welding period, Therefore, good joint performance can be achieved. In addition, amplitude and period are two important process parameters of spiral welding, and their sizes have important effects on joint strength and molten pool formation
Factors influencing the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Dalibalta Sarah , Abukhaled Yara , Samara Fatin
Published: May 2022

Statistics indicate that at least 20–25% of women suffer from PCOS in the Gulf region. Despite its prevalence and negative implications on reproductive, metabolic, and physiological heath the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, in part due to the diversity of symptoms manifested by this disorder. In this review, we investigate causes of PCOS globally and draw on these studies, to determine the potential contributing factors for PCOS pathogenesis in the UAE population. The most frequently identified factors promoting PCOS pathogenesis that may be pertinent to this population include physiological factors such as insulin resistance, vitamin D deficiency, genetic factors, obesity, and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels in the body as well as environmental factors such as air pollution, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and pesticide use. This evidence will help inform healthcare workers and government agencies to set up optimal guidelines for control and awareness of PCOS in the UAE.
Making a meta-surface soliton-ready
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Jana Soumendu
Published: May 2022

Metamaterials attracted significant attention due to their unprecedented properties in the electromagnetic domain. However, they are facing challenges while putting for applications due to the strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses and high losses. In this communication, we present a path to overcome these problems by turning the propagating electromagnetic wave into a soliton wave that can sustain dispersion and loss. For theoretical demonstration, we considered a hybrid 2D metamaterial that consists of arrays of split-ring resonators on a graphene layer. We identified the parametric region that ensures dispersion and loss less propagation of electromagnetic wave in form of a dissipative soliton. This approach can be applied to a large variety of metamaterials and metasurfaces for which a set of coupled rate equation is available.
Software-gestützte Planung der Smart-Service-Transformation
Authors: Reinhold Jannik , Siewert Michael , Scholtysik Michél , Rasor Anja , Koldewey Christian , Dumitrescu Roman
Published: May 2022

Smart Services eröffnen vielfältige Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für produzierende Unternehmen und erfordern zugleich einschneidende Anpassungen ihrer häufig historisch gewachsenen Wertschöpfung. Dieser Beitrag zeigt eine Web-Applikation, die es produzierenden Unternehmen erlaubt, die erforderliche Smart-Service-Transformation zu planen. Dafür werden umfassendes Lösungswissen bereitgestellt und eine individuelle Gestaltungsempfehlungen für die zukünftige Wertschöpfung als Smart-Service-Anbieter gegeben.
Entwicklung eines Überwachungs- und Servicemanagementsystems für Sterilisations- und Schredderanlagen
Authors: Reuter Thomas , Taraschuk Igor , Liebl Stefan , Luft Conrad , Modaleck Toni
Published: May 2022

Die Menge an toxischen Abfällen, die in Krankenhäusern und medizinischen Einrichtungen anfällt, steigt stetig an. Zwar stehen zentrale Entsorgungs- bzw. Betreiberlösungen zur Beseitigung von toxischen Abfällen in hochentwickelten Industrieländern zur Verfügung – dies gilt jedoch nicht für Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländer. Mögliche Gründe hierfür sind der nicht zu unterschätzende logistische Aufwand, der einer zentralen Entsorgungsstraße entgegensteht, sowie die fehlende Qualifikation benötigter Fachkräfte zur Wartung und Reparatur derartiger Anlagen. Um dieser Problematik künftig zu begegnen, wurde ein intelligentes Überwachungs- und Servicemanagementsystem für kompakte Sterilisations- und Schredderanlagen konzipiert. Unter Anwendung der entwickelten Methodik kann das Instandhaltungslevel von einem klassisch reaktiv geführten Service hin zu einem prädiktiven Service durch Fehlerklassifizierungen aus Expertenwissen sowie Vorhersagemodellen aus Maschinen- und Sensordaten gesteigert werden.
An Assyrianised rock wall panel with figures at Başbük in south-eastern Turkey
Authors: Önal Mehmet , Uludağ Celal , Koyuncu Yusuf , Adalı Selim Ferruh
Published: May 2022

The Neo-Assyrian Empire of the early first millennium BC ruled over the ancient Near East. South-eastern Anatolia was controlled through vassal city-states and provincial structures. Assyrian governors and local elites expressed their power through elements of Assyrian courtly style. Here, the authors report a rare processional panel recently discovered at Başbük in south-eastern Turkey. Incised on the rock wall of a subterranean complex, the panel features eight deities, three with associated Aramaic inscriptions. The iconographic details and Syro-Anatolian religious themes illustrate the adaptation of Neo-Assyrian art in a provincial context. The panel, which appears to have been left unfinished, is the earliest-known regional attestation of Atargatis, the principal goddess of Syriac.300 BC–AD 200.
The Combined Effect of Static Stretching and Foam Rolling With or Without Vibration on the Range of Motion, Muscle Performance, and Tissue Hardness of the Knee Extensor
Authors: Nakamura Masatoshi , Konrad Andreas , Kasahara Kazuki , Yoshida Riku , Murakami Yuta , Sato Shigeru , Aizawa Kodai , Koizumi Ryoma , Wilke Jan
Published: May 2022

Nakamura, M, Konrad, A, Kasahara, K, Yoshida, R, Murakami, Y, Sato, S, Aizawa, K, Koizumi, R, and Wilke, J. The combined effect of static stretching and foam rolling with or without vibration on the range of motion, muscle performance, and tissue hardness of the knee extensor. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 322–327, 2023—Although the combination of static stretching (SS) and foam rolling (FR) is frequently used for warm-up in sports, the effect of the intervention order is unclear. This study compared mechanical tissue properties, pain sensitivity, and motor function after SS and FR (with and without vibration) performed in different orders. Our randomized, controlled, crossover experiment included 15 healthy male subjects (22.5 ± 3.3 years) who visited the laboratory 5 times (inactive control condition, FR + SS, FRvibration + SS, SS + FR, and SS + FRvibration) with an interval of ≥48 hours. In each session, subjects completed three 60-second bouts of FR and SS, targeting the anterior thigh. Pressure pain threshold, tissue hardness, knee flexion range of motion (ROM), maximal voluntary isometric (MVC-ISO), and concentric (MVC-CON) torque, as well as countermovement jump height, were determined before and after the intervention. All interventions significantly (p < 0.01) increased knee flexion ROM (d = 0.78, d = 0.87, d = 1.39, and d = 0.87, respectively) while decreasing tissue hardness (d = −1.25, d = −1.09, d = −1.18, and d = −1.24, respectively). However, MVC-ISO torque was significantly reduced only after FR + SS (p = 0.05, d = −0.59). Our results suggest that SS should be followed by FR when aiming to increase ROM and reduce tissue hardness without concomitant stretch-induced force deficits (MVC-ISO, MVC-CON, and countermovement jump height). Additionally, adding vibration to FR does not seem to affect the magnitude of changes observed in the examined outcomes.
Introducing a Method to Quantify the Specificity of Training for Races in Speed Skating
Authors: Roete Annemiek J. , Stoter Inge K. , Lamberts Robert P. , Elferink-Gemser Marije T. , Otter Ruby T.A.
Published: May 2022

Roete, AJ, Stoter, IK, Lamberts, RP, Elferink-Gemser, MT, and Otter, RTA. Introducing a method to quantify the specificity of training for races in speed skating. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—The specificity of training for races is believed to be important for performance development. However, measuring specificity is challenging. This study aimed to develop a method to quantify the specificity of speed skating training for sprint races (i.e., 500 and 1,000 m), and explore the amount of training specificity with a pilot study. On-ice training and races of 10 subelite-to-elite speed skaters were analyzed during 1 season (i.e., 26 weeks). Intensity was mapped using 5 equal zones, between 4 m·s−1 to peak velocity and 50% to peak heart rate. Training specificity was defined as skating in the intensity zone most representative for the race for a similar period as during the race. During the season, eight 500 m races, seven 1,000 m races, and 509 training sessions were analyzed, of which 414 contained heart rate and 375 sessions contained velocity measures. Within-subject analyses were performed. During races, most time was spent in the highest intensity zone (Vz5 and HRz5). In training, the highest velocity zone Vz5 was reached 107 ± 28 times, with 9 ± 3 efforts (0.3 ± 0.1% training) long enough to be considered 500 m specific, 6 ± 5 efforts (0.3 ± 0.3% training) were considered 1,000 m specific. For heart rate, HRz5 was reached 151 ± 89 times in training, 43 ± 33 efforts (1.3 ± 0.9% training) were considered 500 m specific, and 36 ± 23 efforts (3.2 ± 1.7% training) were considered 1,000 m specific. This newly developed method enables the examination of training specificity so that coaches can control whether their intended specificity was reached. It also opens doors to further explore the impact of training specificity on performance development.
Comparing the Effects of Long-Term vs. Periodic Inclusion of Isometric Strength Training on Strength and Dynamic Performances
Authors: Lum Danny , Joseph Ranald , Ong Keng Y. , Tang Jei M. , Suchomel Timothy J.
Published: May 2022

Lum, D, Joseph, R, Ong, KY, Tang, JM, and Suchomel, TJ. Comparing the effects of long-term vs. periodic inclusion of isometric strength training on strength and dynamic performances. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 305–314, 2023—This study compared the effects of including isometric strength training (IST) for consecutive 24 weeks (CIST) against a periodic inclusion (PIST) of this mode of training on strength and dynamic performances. Twenty-four floorball athletes (age: 23 ± 2.7 years, stature: 1.74 ± 2.08 m, and body mass: 72.7 ± 14.4 kg) were randomly assigned to the control (CON), CIST, or PIST group. Athletes completed 20-m sprint, countermovement jump (CMJ), and isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) during pre-test and were tested on weeks 6, 12, 18, and 24. All groups performed a similar strength training program twice per week. However, 2 sets of squats were replaced with isometric squat in CIST for all 24 weeks but only on weeks 1–6 and 13–18 for PIST. A significant main effect for time was observed for 5-, 10-, and 20-m sprint time, CMJ height, peak force, peak power, time to take-off, modified reactive strength index, IMTP peak force, relative peak force, and force at 200 milliseconds (p = <0.001–0.037). Isometric strength training for 24 consecutive weeks resulted in greater improvement in 5-m sprint time than CON at week 24 (p = 0.024, g = 1.17). Both CIST and PIST resulted in greater improvements in 10-m sprint time than CON at various time points (p = 0.007–0.038 and 0.038, g = 1.07–1.44 and 1.18, respectively). Isometric strength training for 24 consecutive weeks and PIST resulted in greater improvements in 20-m sprint time than CON at week 6 (p = 0.007 and 0.025, g = 1.65 and 1.40, respectively). The results showed that the inclusion of IST resulted in greater improvements in sprint performance than CON but no significant difference in all measured variables with PIST.
Intelligent Smart Community Public Service Supply Optimization Algorithm under Big Data Background for Smart City
Authors: Zuo Chenzhuo , Chen Qiang
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, the organizational structure of public service facilities is loose, which is not conducive to the development and progress of public services. Therefore, it is very important to find an optimization algorithm for the supply of public services in intelligent communities. Aiming at the resource waste problem of high repetition rate and low utilization rate in the current method, an optimization algorithm for providing public services in intelligent communities under the background of big data is proposed. According to the attributes of planning factors, the planning scheme of the spatial layout is divided into multiple subsystems and the goodness value of the factors in the scheme is calculated by using the single factor modular root method. Taking each subsystem as a factor, the comprehensive goodness value of each decision scheme is obtained respectively, so as to complete the creation of the spatial layout model of public service facilities. Based on this model, the fractal dimension, shape, and discrete index of a land patch are calculated for the public service facilities of the intelligent community, and the calculated results are used to optimize the public service supply in intelligent communities. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can optimize the public service supply of intelligent communities and give them the advantages of low repetition rate and high utilization rate.
Testing and Evaluation Study on the Settling and Dewatering Performance of Activated Sludge in Smart City Sewage
Authors: Peng Min
Published: May 2022

Based on the analysis of the current situation of sewage sludge treatment and common sewage sludge treatment schemes in China, the aeration tank sludge of a sewage treatment system in a city was taken as the test object to carry out experimental research on the dewatering performance of activated sludge settlement. Based on the simulation of an aeration tank and sedimentation tank environment, the influence of temperature conditions on the settlement and dewatering performance of activated sludge was analyzed, and it was found that the settlement performance of activated sludge decreased in the low-temperature environment below 15°C.
Genome Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Hepacivirus in Inner Mongolia, Northeastern China
Authors: Liu Ziyan , Li Liang , Guo Yu , Xu Wenbo , Yuan Yongxu , Liang Xiaojie , Wang Wei , Zhao Yinghua , Sui Liyan , Feng Xianmin , Wei Feng , Liu Quan , Wang Zedong
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Bovine hepacivirus (BovHepV) is a new member of the genus Hepacivirus in the family Flaviviridae, which has been detected in cattle in more than seven countries. The purpose of this study was to identify and genetically characterize BovHepV in cattle in Inner Mongolia, northeastern (NE) China.

Methods:

A total of 116 serum samples from cattle were collected from HulunBuir in Inner Mongolia from April to May, 2021, and were divided into three pools for metagenomic sequencing. The samples were verified with semi-nested RT-PCR with primers based on the BovHepV sequences obtained from metagenomic sequencing. The complete genomes of BovHepV were amplified, and were used for genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis.

Results:

BovHepV was detected in two pools through metagenomic sequencing. Five BovHepV positive samples were identified in Yakeshi of HulunBuir, thus indicating a prevalence of 8.8% (5/57). Two 8840 nucleotide long BovHepV strains YKS01/02 were amplified from the positive samples and showed 79.3%–91.9% nucleotide sequence identity with the discovered BovHepV strains. Phylogenetic analysis classified the YKS01/02 strains into BovHepV subtype G group.

Conclusion:

This study reports the first identification of BovHepV in cattle in northeastern China, and expands the known geographical distribution and genetic diversity of BovHepV in the country.
High-Frequency Hearing Is Required to Compute a Topographic Map of Auditory Space in the Mouse Superior Colliculus
Authors: Si Yufei , Ito Shinya , Litke Alan M. , Feldheim David A.
Published: May 2022

A topographic map of auditory space is a feature found in the superior colliculus (SC) of many species, including CBA/CaJ mice. In this genetic background, high-frequency monaural spectral cues and interaural level differences (ILDs) are used to compute spatial receptive fields (RFs) that form a topographic map along the azimuth. Unfortunately, C57BL/6 mice, a strain widely used for transgenic manipulation, display age-related hearing loss (AHL) because of an inbred mutation in the Cadherin 23 gene (Cdh23) that affects hair cell mechanotransduction. To overcome this problem, researchers have used young C57BL/6 mice in their studies, as they have been shown to have normal hearing thresholds. However, important details of the auditory response characteristics of the SC such as spectral responses and spatial localization, have not been characterized in young C57BL/6 mice. Here, we show that two- to four-month C57BL/6 mice lack neurons with frontal auditory RFs and therefore lack a topographic representation of auditory space in the SC. Analysis of the spectrotemporal RFs (STRFs) of the SC auditory neurons shows that C57BL/6 mouse SC neurons lack the ability to detect the high-frequency (>40 kHz) spectral cues that are needed to compute frontal RFs. We also show that crossing C57BL/6 mice with CBA/CaJ mice or introducing one copy of the wild-typeCdh23to C57BL/6 mice rescues the high-frequency hearing deficit and improves the topographic map of auditory space. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of high-frequency hearing in computing a topographic map of auditory space.
Oxytocin Receptor-Expressing Neurons in the Paraventricular Thalamus Regulate Feeding Motivation through Excitatory Projections to the Nucleus Accumbens Core
Authors: Ye Qiying , Nunez Jeremiah , Zhang Xiaobing
Published: May 2022

Oxytocin receptors (OTR) have been found in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) for the regulation of feeding and maternal behaviors. However, the functional projections of OTR-expressing PVT neurons remain largely unknown. Here, we used chemogenetic and optogenetic tools to test the role of OTR-expressing PVT neurons and their projections in the regulation of food intake in both male and female OTR-Cre mice. We found chemogenetic activation of OTR-expressing PVT neurons promoted food seeking under trials with a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. Using Feeding Experimentation Devices for real-time meal measurements, we found chemogenetic activation of OTR-expressing PVT neurons increased meal frequency but not cumulative food intake because of a compensatory decrease in meal sizes. In combination with anterograde neural tracing and slice patch-clamp recordings, we found optogenetic stimulation of PVT OTR terminals excited neurons in the posterior basolateral amygdala (pBLA) and nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) as well as local PVT neurons through monosynaptic glutamatergic transmissions. Photostimulation of OTR-expressing PVT-NAcC projections promoted food-seeking, whereas selective activation of PVT-pBLA projections produced little effect on feeding. In contrast to selective activation of OTR terminals, photostimulation of a broader population of glutamatergic PVT terminals exerted direct excitation followed by indirect lateral inhibition on neurons in both NAcC and anterior basolateral amygdala. Together, these results suggest that OTR-expressing PVT neurons are a distinct population of PVT glutamate neurons that regulate feeding motivation through projections to NAcC.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe paraventricular thalamus plays an important role in the regulation of feeding motivation. However, because of the diversity of paraventricular thalamic neurons, the specific neuron types promoting food motivation remain elusive. In this study, we provide evidence that oxytocin receptor-expressing neurons are a specific group of glutamate neurons that primarily project to the nucleus accumbens core and posterior amygdala. We found that activation of these neurons promotes the motivation for food reward and increases meal frequency through projections to the nucleus accumbens core but not the posterior amygdala. As a result, we postulate that oxytocin receptor-expressing neurons in the paraventricular thalamus and their projections to the nucleus accumbens core mainly regulate feeding motivation but not food consumption.
Environmental Enrichment Mitigates the Long-Lasting Sequelae of Perinatal Fentanyl Exposure in Mice
Authors: Alipio Jason Bondoc , Riggs Lace Marie , Plank Madeline , Keller Asaf
Published: May 2022

The opioid epidemic is a rapidly evolving societal issue driven, in part, by a surge in synthetic opioid use. A rise in fentanyl use among pregnant women has led to a 40-fold increase in the number of perinatally-exposed infants in the past decade. These children are more likely to develop mood-related and somatosensory-related conditions later in life, suggesting that fentanyl may permanently alter neural development. Here, we examined the behavioral and synaptic consequences of perinatal fentanyl exposure in adolescent male and female C57BL/6J mice and assessed the therapeutic potential of environmental enrichment to mitigate these effects. Dams were givenad libitumaccess to fentanyl (10 µg/ml, per os) across pregnancy and until weaning [postnatal day (PD)21]. Perinatally-exposed adolescent mice displayed hyperactivity (PD45), enhanced sensitivity to anxiogenic environments (PD46), and sensory maladaptation (PD47), sustained behavioral effects that were completely normalized by environmental enrichment (PD21–PD45). Additionally, environmental enrichment normalized the fentanyl-induced changes in the frequency of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) of layer 2/3 neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). We also demonstrate that fentanyl impairs short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP) in S1 layer 2/3 neurons, which, instead, exhibit a sustained depression of synaptic transmission that is restored by environmental enrichment. On its own, environmental enrichment suppressed long-term depression (LTD) of control S1 neurons from vehicle-treated mice subjected to standard housing conditions. These results demonstrate that the lasting effects of fentanyl can be ameliorated with a noninvasive intervention introduced during early development.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIllicit use of fentanyl accounts for a large proportion of opioid-related overdose deaths. Children exposed to opioids during development have a higher risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders later in life. Here, we employ a preclinical model of perinatal fentanyl exposure that recapitulates these long-term impairments and show, for the first time, that environmental enrichment can reverse deficits in somatosensory circuit function and behavior. These findings have the potential to directly inform and guide ongoing efforts to mitigate the consequences of perinatal opioid exposure.
Cohesion and Coherence in Undergraduate Studentsâ€™ Argumentative Essays
Authors: Priangan Aulia , Saleh Mursid , Rukmini Dwi
Published: May 2022

This study aims to investigate cohesion and coherence in argumentative essays written by undergraduate students at Syekh Nurjati state Islamic institute of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. This study used discourse analysis as a research design. Five argumentative essays were chosen based on purposive sampling. The five argumentative essays were analyzed using Halliday and Matthiessen (2014) theory that contributing to the cohesion of the text, namely cohesive devices. Then, it was analyzed using Thornbury (2005) theory about coherence. The results of this study showed that undergraduate students at Syekh Nurjati state Islamic institute of Cirebon tend to use reference more frequently than the other grammatical cohesive devices. From 755 occurrences of grammatical cohesive devices which presented in the five argumentative essays, 532 of them were in the form of reference. Besides, they also tend to use repetition more often than the other lexical cohesive devices in their argumentative essay. It always present in the five argumentative essays. Furthermore, the thematic progressions were organized well. It is showed by the occurrence of two or more thematic progressions in each argumentative essay.
Translation Quality of English - Javanese Songs By Pentul Kustik Band
Authors: Wardani Intan Kusuma , Yuliasri Issy
Published: May 2022

Translating English songs into Javanese language both semantically and emotionally presents a challenge to translators because regional differences always limits some linguistic and cultural aspects. Here, Pentul Kustik band attempts to provide a good English-Javanese song translation that can help Javanese people to understand the song and popularize it. Lowâ€™s Pentathlon Approach (2005) highlights several unique aspects of translating lyrics, which cover the elements of singability, sense, naturalness, rhythm, and rhyme. This study uses Lowâ€™s theory and assesses the quality of English-Javanese translation of song lyrics The object of this study is 15 English-Javanese song translation by Pentul Kustik Band. There are 328 data analyzed. The result shows that 223 data (68.09%) are considered singable and 105 data (32.02%) are considered less singable. In the aspect of sense, 142 data(46.30%) were considered having less accurate sense, while 186% data (53.70%) having accurate sense. In addition, 252 data (78.02%) are found to be natural and only 71 data (22.08%) are said to be less natural. The rhythm analysis indicates 123 data (37.50%) uses addition, 115 data (35.06%) uses reduction and 90 data(27.44%) preserves the original syllable numbers. The rhymes found in this study have 3 patterns. First, the translator replicates the sound and the pattern of the original song rhyme into the translated version. Second, the translator preserves the pattern of the original rhyme but modifies the sound used in the translated version. Third, some translations are found as half-rhymed or unrhymed free verses.
The The Comparison of Lexical Bundles in EFL Teachersâ€™ Talk between Non-native and Native English Teachers
Authors: Lorenna May , Fitriati Sri Wuli , Widhiyanto Widhiyanto
Published: May 2022

Lexical bundles are multi-word expressions that usually hang together. They are considered as a main factor in building fluency in academic discourse; helping to shape meanings and coherence in a text. The objectives of the study are to analyse non-native and native English teachersâ€™ talk in order to explain (1) the use of structural and functional types of lexical bundles in non-native and native English teachersâ€™ talk, (2) the similarities and differences of lexical bundles used in the talk, (3) the relation between structural and functional types of lexical bundles used in the talk. This study is a qualitative study and designed as a classroom discourse analysis. The data are non-native and native English teachersâ€™ talk. The results reveal that non-native and native English teachers used all types of lexical bundles structurally and functionally. Similarly, both teachers performed lexical bundles in form of verb phrase and they mostly functioned as stance expressions. However, they performed them differently in terms of the sub-types. Non-native English teachers used more 1st/2nd person pronoun+VP fragments while native English teachers employed more WH-questions fragments. Functionally, non-native English teachers used lexical bundles more in showing ability while native English teachers performed them more in showing intention/prediction. Both teachers frequently employed lexical bundles with verb phrase structures that functioned as stance expressions. The use of lexical bundles is important for teachers to perform native-like fluency and improve their oral proficiency.
The Implementation of Project Based Learning Strategy in Teaching Spoken English
Authors: Fajarika Nuninsari Dessi , Sutopo Djoko , Anggani Linggar Bharati Dwi
Published: May 2022

Project-Based Learning is a learning model in 2013 curriculum that provides an opportunity for students to actively participate in making a project within the group or individual work to improve English language skills, especially in spoken English. The objectives of this study are to explain; 1) the Implementation of project topic stimulation in project based learning, 2) the implementation of project planning design in project based learning, 3) the implementation of schedule arrangement in project based learning, 4) the implementation of project monitoring in project based learning, 5) the implementation of project assessment in project based learning, and 6) the implementation of project evaluation in project based learning. This study was a descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected by implementing observation, field note, document analysis, questionnaire, speaking transcription, and interview. The subjects were an English teacher of SMA Futuhiyyah Mranggen. The result of the study showed that; 1) the English teacher of Futuhiyyah Senior High Schools have implemented the topic stimulation to begin the project. 2) The project design planning is implemented to create the project design for students.  3) The schedule arrangement should be planned to make the project run well. 4) The teacherâ€™s project monitoring should be implemented in order to guide the studentsâ€™ process in doing the project 5) the projectâ€™s assessment should be implemented to know the studentsâ€™ result in doing the project and 6) the teacherâ€™s evaluation was intended to check whether the students understand or not about the project.
The Effectiveness of Herringbone and Buzz Group Techniques to Teach Reading Comprehension for Students with High and Low Reading Habits
Authors: Fitriyani Nunung , Suwandi Suwandi , Sutopo Djoko
Published: May 2022

This research which is based on the condition that the students often find difficulties in comprehending English text aims to investigate the effectiveness of Herringbone and Buzz Group techniques in teaching reading comprehension to students with high and low reading habits. An experimental research with 2x2 factorial designs was applied in this study. The samples of this research were the students of X Busana 1 and X Boga 1 of SMK Assaâ€™idiyah 2 Kudus. Observation, questionnaires, and tests were the instruments of the research. In analyzing the data were used T-test and ANOVA. The results revealed that there was significant difference of the studentsâ€™ participation on the post-test result after being taught by using Herringbone and Buzz group techniques. Then, the result of the significance value (p value) of teaching technique and student reading habit was 0.00 < 0.05. Thus, it can be stated that there is effective interaction among strategies and participation to enhance studentsâ€™ reading comprehension.
The Implementation of Curriculum 2013 in Teaching Speaking Skill At MAN 2 Bima
Authors: Fujiati Hikmah , Hartono Rudi , Wuli Fitriati Sri
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research was to investigate how the implementation of curriculum 2013 in teaching speaking skill at MAN 2 Bima. This research was qualitative method and used three English teachers who taught at MAN 2 Bima. The data of this study were collected through interview, questionnaires, observation, video recording, and document analysis. Then, they were classified and analysed qualitatively. The results of the research showed that all teachers implemented the Curriculum 2013 in teaching speaking and fulfill the criteria. The findings showed that firstly the implementation of curriculum 2013 in preparing the syllabus revealed that there were three English teachers were able in developing and arranging the syllabus in accordance with the 2013 Curriculum. Second, the implementation of using the lesson plan showed that 90% had been implemented in the teaching and learning activity. Third, the implementation of the materials showed that 91,74% was done well. Third, the implementation of using media was very effective because it made  the students easy to understand the materials or the lesson and the teachers were also easy to deliver the lesson. Fourth, the implementation of technique in teaching speaking using observation checklist showed that 86.66% indicators applied well. Last, The implementation of assessment and evaluation used the observation checklist showed that 82,85% of indicators were applied well. So, from the all result above, it was concluded that the activities of implementing the curriculum 2013 in teaching speaking skill by the English teachers were appropriate with the standard of 2013 Curriculum.
English Teachersâ€™ Perception and Implementation of Authentic Assessment for Speaking Based on 2013 Curriculum
Authors: Mursyida Isnayani Tabi'ul , Faridi Abdurrachman , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: May 2022

Authentic Assessment is one of important aspects in 2013 Curriculum promoting an idea of assessing studentsâ€™ authentic skills including speaking. However, many teachers claimed to have difficulties in implementing it properly. This research aims at explaining the English teachersâ€™ perception and implementation of authentic assessment for speaking based on 2013 Curriculum in state senior high schools in Semarang. Descriptive qualitative method is applied in this study. By using purposive sampling technique, sixteen English teachers from sixteen state senior high schools in Semarang were involved. There were four instruments to collect the data, namely questionnaire, interview, document analysis, and classroom observation. The findings of this research revealed that the English teachers had good perception of authentic assessment for speaking both in the concept, preparation and implementation. However, in the actual implementation, it was proven that the teachers did not apply authentic assessment for speaking as required by 2013 Curriculum. This was due to several problems such as limited time, teachersâ€™ lack of creativity, studentsâ€™ motivation and other reasons.

 

Abstrak

Penilaian otentik adalah salah satu aspek penting dalam Kurikulum 2013 yang mempromosikan gagasan tentang penilaian kemampuan otentik siswa, termasuk kemampuan berbicara. Namun, banyak guru yang mengaku mengalami kesulitan dalam mengimplementasikannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan persepsi dan pengimplementasian penilaian otentik untuk kemampuan berbicara berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013 oleh guru bahasa Inggris di sekolah menengah atas negeri di Semarang. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, enam belas guru bahasa Inggris dari enam belas sekolah menengah atas negeri di Semarang terlibat. Ada empat instrumen untuk pengumpulan data, yaitu kuesioner, wawancara, analisis dokumen, dan observasi kelas. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa para guru bahasa Inggris memiliki persepsi yang baik tentang penilaian otentik untuk kemampuan berbicara, baik dalam konsep, persiapan maupun implementasinya. Namun, dalam implementasi aktualnya, terbukti bahwa para guru belum menerapkan penilaian otentik untuk berbicara seperti yang dipersyaratkan oleh Kurikulum 2013. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa masalah yang dihadapi oleh para guru seperti keterbatasan waktu, kurangnya kreativitas guru, motivasi siswa dan alasan-alasan lainnya.
The Effect of Discovery Learning and Direct Instruction on EFL Learners with Different Learning Styles
Authors: Munfa'ati Heny , Mujiyanto Januarius , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: May 2022

This study is experimental research with a factorial design which aimed to find out the effect of discovery learning and direct instruction on EFL learners with different learning style (The Tenth Graders of SMA Negeri 15 Semarang). The samples of the study were tenth graders of SMA Negeri 15 Semarang in the 2018/2019 academic year. There were two classes, experimental class I and experimental class II which every class consisted of 20 students. Direct Instruction method was used in the experimental class I, while Discovery Learning method was used in experimental class II. To know-how is the effect of direct instruction to visual and auditory and how is the effect of discovery learning to visual and auditory, T-test was used. To know-how is the difference in the achievement between visual and auditory by using direct instruction and discovery learning, studentsâ€™ mean scores in experimental classes I and II were compared. While two-way ANOVA with F-test at the 5% (0.05) level of significance was used to know how significant relationships among the methods and the learning style. The result of this study showed that direct instruction and discovery learning methods are effective to be used in teaching writing for visual and auditory learning style students. There were no significant differences in achievement between visual and auditory learning style students using direct instruction and discovery learning methods. For the interaction among the variables, it shows that there was no interaction among the methods, studentsâ€™ learning style, and studentsâ€™ writing skill.
Metadiscourse and Rethorical Moves in English Abstract Section of Undergraduate Students' Final Project at Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe, Tuban
Authors: Hadi Dholiful , Warsono Warsono , Faridi Abdurrahman
Published: May 2022

The aims of the research are to analyze how metadiscourse types is used to accompany the moves in English abstract section of undergraduate students' final project, to explain how rhetorical moves are used in English abstract section of undergraduate students' final project, and to enlighten how metadiscourse functions are applied in relation to the rhetorical moves in the abstract section of undergraduate students' final project at Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe, Tuban. The research was descriptive qualitative research in order to answer the research problem definitely. The research identifies the meaning reflected and particular characteristic in the use of rhetorical moves and metadiscourse. The result shows that the use of interactive metadiscourse tends to be dominant in students' final project abstracts. Almost all of students write the methods of rhetorical moves in their abstract. The move gives a good indication of the information on data, procedures and methods used. The further researchers on teaching writing the final project abstract are suggested to conduct both metadiscourse and rhetorical moves aspect so the students will become more capable of determining the particular kinds of metadiscourse which should be applied in each move of writing abstract.
Libyan Studentsâ€™ Syntactic and Semantic Problems in Using Phrasal Verbs to Write English Texts
Authors: Salem Mohammed Abdelraouf , Mujiyanto Januarius , Faridi Abdurrahman
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to explore the existence of syntactic problems and semantic problems and to explain the relation of syntactic problems to semantic problems among Libyan students in using phrasal verbs during writing English texts. The participants in this study were ten Libyan students studying in three Universities in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. The ten participants were from different majors of Master and Doctoral degrees. They can use English language in their study so they have a basic knowledge of English. The data were ten English which taken by Libyan students as previous papers. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data. The results showed that Libyan students have three problems related to adverb insertion, particle placement and fronting particle and they have semantic problems in understanding the meanings in the semantic classes of phrasal verbs and semantic (non-)compositionality. Finally, the researcher found out that the syntactic behaviour of particles depends on semantic (non-)compositionality.
The Role of Dynamic Autonomy Model and Teacherâ€™s Participations to Foster Studentâ€™s Speaking Skill in Autonomous Learning Community
Authors: Lasmiatun Ika , Hartono Rudi
Published: May 2022

The aims of the research are to explain how is the role of Dynamic Autonomy Model, and how is the participations of teacher in fostering English speaking skill in order to know its practicality in autonomous learning community. The research was qualitative case study research that used interview, questionnaire, classroom observation, and document analysis in order to answer the research questions definitely. By using purposive sampling, twenty students and one English teacher were selected in gathering the data from the questionniare. Then five students and one teacher did the interview to get deeper understanding about the issue. The result shows the role of Dynamic Autonomy Model is usefull to give reflections and foster the students in planning, choosing materials and methods, completing task, monitoring, evaluation, managing their learning, dealing with feelings, motivating themselves, and coopertaing with other. Further, the participations of teacher is irresplacable as a guide, facilitator, organizer and designer, cooperator, inspirator and supporter, monitor and evaluator, resource supplier, and atmosphere creator. In higher education, teachers are facing unprecedented changes with often larger classes, more diverse students with diverse needs, demands from state, society, and employers, thus, teacherâ€™s training should be conducted regularly so that the teacher is able to understand clearly what the participation and the strategies as well as the updated teaching methodologies to broaden his horizon