bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A DEFICIÊNCIA AUDITIVA NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR: RECURSOS FACILITADORES DA APRENDIZAGEM NO CONTEXTO PRESENCIAL E REMOTO
Authors: Faria Ana Júlia Vieira , Bastos Marcelo Henrique
Published: November 2021

Refletir a respeito da inclusão do aluno surdo e os métodos facilitadores de seu aprendizado no cenário presencial e remoto é o objetivo deste artigo. O processo educacional inclusivo do estudante com surdez é sublinhado por situações conflituosas e contestáveis. Entender a referida conjuntura é perceber que o indivíduo surdo tem sido negligenciado em seu processo de ensino - aprendizagem na rede regular de ensino. Comprometendo assim, seu desenvolvimento intelectual, social e pessoal. As controvérsias quanto ao método de ensino e as práticas pedagógicas ainda são desfavoráveis a esse grupo que possui cultura e identidade própria. Dessa forma o escopo pretendido é vislumbrar a surdez em um enfoque socioantropológico. Portanto, o arcabouço socioantropológico e Bakhtiniano permeiam as reflexões desse processo de análise da aprendizagem do aluno surdo. Palavras-chave: Surdez, Ensino, Bakhtin
O CORPO QUE APRENDE: O ESTUDO DOS TRAÇOS DE CARÁTER COMO FERRAMENTA DOCENTE NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Santos Laila Fernanda dos
Published: November 2021

A temática desta pesquisa surge como tentativa de alinhar os estudos da Psicologia Corporal, através dos postulados de Reich e Lowen e suas contribuições ao Ensino Fundamental durante o Ensino Emergencial Remoto (ERE). O Objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar como o estudo dos Traços de caráter e da Bioenergética podem contribuir para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de uma turma de 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da Rede Pública Estadual de Mato Grosso. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de caso de natureza exploratória de abordagem mista utilizando o método quantitativo e o qualitativo. O estudo revelou, através dos apontamentos da análise dos traços que, o professor compreenderá com maior facilidade os meios como os alunos interagem socialmente, facilitando a interação social e o engajamento dos discentes, ainda que remotamente. Palavras-chave: Bioenergética; Traços de Caráter; Ensino Fundamental
תרבות זיכרון
Authors: אריאלי דנה
Published: November 2021

תרבות זיכרון עוסקת בהמשכיות התרבותית בחברה, המושגת באמצעות שימור הידע והזיכרון הקולקטיבי מדור אחד למשנהו. מדובר במכלול הערכים, העמדות והביטויים של הפרטים בהתייחס אל עברם החברתי של הפרטים.
A study of atmospheric boundary layer characteristics with ground snow cover - numerical method
Authors: RAMANATHAN N. , SRINIVASAN K.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT. A one-dimensional version of a mesoscale model was used to simulate the atmospheric variables over ground snow cover after incorporating suitable modifications. Modifications to include the effect of cloud on shortwave and long wave radiation were also made in the model. The model takes into account both the heat balance at the snow surface and at various layers of the snow pack and calculates the melt rate in situ. Srinagar (Jammu & Kashmir) winter data was used for the simulations. The diurnal variation of snowmelt rate and other atmospheric variables were simulated simultaneously by the model. Melt rate values were verified with the values obtained from standard empirical formula. The model-simulated profiles of potential temperature, specific humidity and wind speed were found to be in reasonable agreement with available observations. The results were found to be insensitive to changes in surface drag coefficients.
Tilt response of pyranometers - studies at Pune
Authors: KANADE V. V. , ABHYANKAR V.V.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT. Pyranometers are normally used in a horizontal position to measure the global solar irradiance from the sun and sky. Because of the use of the pyranometers at sloping angles for determining the efficiency of the solar energy conversion installations, the effect of the tilled positions have to be quantified. Central Radiation Laboratory at Pune has made its own device and made measurements of the outputs of different pyranometers at different sloping angles. The results are discussed in the paper.
Sea level rise and its impact on storm surge and tide in Shanghai
Authors: QIN ZENGHAO
Published: November 2021

Based on both the historical tidal gauge and ground subsidence records for the seven stations in Shanghai region, a non-linear statistical model fitting the variation of the mean annual eustatic sea level (ESL) is established to reveal the characteristics of the ESL in the past century and to estimate the mean annual relative sea level (RSL) in the next five decades by the model extrapolation for Shanghai region. The estimated values of the sea level rises are assessed to be fairly reasonable. The impact of the estimated sea level rise in the coming decades on the storm surges and tides in Shanghai region is numerically computed by using the two-dimensional nonlinear storm surge and tide dynamic models.

In addition, on the basis of numerical integration of the same dynamic model, the probable maximum water levels resulting from the RSL in the coming decades are also estimated by the probable optimal combination of the track, intensity, landfall site, incident angle of tropical cyclone and spring tide.
Storm surge prediction and frequency analysis for Andhra coast of India
Authors: RAO Y.R. , CHITTIBABU P. , DUBE S. K. , RAO A. D. , SINHA P. C.
Published: November 2021

Storm surges associated with severe cyclonic storms are common occurrences along the east coast of India. The coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh have experienced major surges in the past. Storm surges and the rains associated with cyclones are major causes for coastal flooding in this region. An attempt has been made, in this paper, to simulate surges along the Andhra coast that would have occurred due to severe cyclones during 1891-1996. Inland inundation due to surges is also estimated by using an empirical formula. The computed results are validated with the available observations. The comparison using post-storm survey reports, appears reasonably good to assert that the model is capable of predicting the peak surge amplitude and its location. Frequency of occurrence relationships is obtained for various zones along the coastal region for the purpose of risk analysis.
Cyclones and disaster management
Authors: STENCHION PHILIP
Published: November 2021

Disaster management needs to be a long-term, multi-sector responsibility which interacts with, and contributes significantly to, national development. It should be intimately concerned with the root causes of community vulnerability to hazards, and these root causes are inevitably the targets of development programmes. Expert knowledge gained through studies of cyclones is not only relevant to disaster management, but is an important component and crucial to its success. This article outlines some of the disaster management strategies that all of us should be trying to implement so that cyclones have less potential for harm. The article also shows the importance of cyclone related studies, in the proper context, to each of these strategies.
Mechanism of cold water regions observed in winter in the Indian Ocean
Authors: KUBOTA MASAHISA , KAWAGUCHI MORIHERI
Published: November 2021

Two cold sea surface temperature (SST) regions are found in the Arabian Sea in boreal winter. One is located northeast of Madagascar, and another is located in a northern part of Arabian Sea. The mechanism for appearance of the cold water is investigated by using monthly climatological ocean observation data. The cold water found northeast of Madagascar is caused by upwelling owing to Ekman divergence associated with a reversal of wind direction. On the other hand, the decrease in SST in a northern part of Arabian Sea is basically caused by decrease of net heat flux associated with reduced shortwave radiation and increased latent heat flux. These results are consistent with results obtained from a numerical investigation by McCreary and Kundu (1989).
Hemotropic mycoplasmas in bats from forest fragments, state of Paraná, southern Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Collere Flávia Carolina Meira , Ferrari Larissa Dantas Roeder ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Drozino Ricardo Nascimento ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Valente Jéssica Damiana Marinho ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Massini Paula Fernanda ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Otomura Flávio Haragushiku ,   Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Toledo Max Jean de Ornelas ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Vieira Thállitha Samih Wischral Jayme ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Vieira Rafael Felipe da Costa ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná
Published: November 2021

The order Chiroptera is the second largest group of mammals with bats being identified as reservoir of several viral zoonoses, although, little is known about their role in other groups of pathogens, including hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. To date, hemoplasma species have been found infecting several species of bats with high genetic diversity between 16S rRNA gene sequences. On this study, we aimed to identify the occurrence and characterize 16S and 23S rRNA genes of hemoplasma species in four bats species (Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Sturnira lilium and Sturnira tildae) from forest fragments in Paraná State, southern Brazil, using PCR-based assays. Spleen tissue samples were collected, DNA extracted and further screened by a pan‑hemoplasma PCR assay. All samples consistently amplified the mammal endogenous gapdh gene. One out of 15 (6.66%; 95% CI: 0.2-31%) bats tested positive for hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. by the PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment from the hemoplasma-positive bat showed 99.14% identity with hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. detected in Sturnira parvidens from Belize. Sequencing of the 23S rRNA gene fragment from the hemoplasma-positive bat showed 86.17% identity with ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosphiggurus’ detected in orange-spined hairy dwarf porcupines (Sphiggurus villosus) from Southern Brazil.
Morphological characterization of remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in Central Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Silva Danilo Conrado , Fioravanti Maria Clorinda Soares ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Queiroz Paulo José Bastos ,   Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Silva Marcelo Corrêa da ,   Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Ribeiro Sarah Amado ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Duarte Sabrina Sara Moreira ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Pereira Samara Socorro Silva ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cruz Alex Silva da ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Minasi Lysa Bernardes ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Cruz Aparecido Divino da ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to carry out the morphological characterization of the remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in municipalities of the state of Goiás, Brazil. Forty male horses were evaluated using the age of five years as a criterion. Sixteen linear measurements and 13 zootechnical indices were obtained. Subsequently, the mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and covariances of these measures and indices were obtained using the software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. The measures withers height (WH), croup height (CH), midback height (MH), sternum-to-ground height (SH), chest index (CI), and estimated weight (W) allowed characterizing Curraleiro horses as small-sized, light, and fast, with proportional measures. The dactyl-thoracic index (DTI), body index (BI), conformation index (CFI), load index 1 and 2 (LOI1 and LOI2), and compactness index 1 and 2 (COI1 and COI2) showed that the Curraleiro horse has an intermediate capacity for speed and strength, bearing considerable weight on the back, with saddling aptitude and fast work. These results represent the beginning of the formation of a database that may contribute to future studies and the conservation of the Curraleiro horse in the state of Goiás.
A Feminist Analysis of the Film "The Hunger Games"
Authors: Loobeek Kristi
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the appearance of feminism throughout The Hunger Games, especially when pertaining to the lead female character of Katniss Everdeen. The thesis of this paper is that, while characteristics of all three “waves” of feminism were present within the motion picture, third-wave feminism prevailed as most apparent.
Nonverbal Communication and the Influence of Film Success: A Literature Review
Authors: Stratton Celina
Published: November 2021

This review of literature focuses on the use of various nonverbal channels in film and explain how nonverbal communication influences the success (critical or commercial) of films. The different nonverbal channels, or cues, explored are environment, physical characteristics, gestures, and touch. Within each of these channels, subtopics are examined including color, sound, physical attractiveness, costume design, and more. Rather than a conducting a study testing respondents on any physiological reactions to films, this is an extensive literature review supporting the claim that nonverbal cues do in fact influence the success of films, specifically, critical success. While each channel could also be described as “visual cues,” they each fall under the general discipline of nonverbal communication and thus, are referred to as exclusively nonverbal “cues” or “channels.” Influence is directly related to persuasion, and for a film to be successful, audiences must be engaged. This engagement leads moviegoers to rate the film favorably, resulting in more people spending money to view the film (commercial success) and/or writing reviews praising the film’s efforts (critical success).
Let’s get Personal: The Influence of Personality Type Assessments on Team Communication and Structure
Authors: Baldwin Kylee , Moua Selena , Perryman Taylor , Hayden Alyssa
Published: November 2021

The balance of understanding and discussing personality types is a potential advantage to the effectiveness of a team’s work ethic and communication. Working in a team with members of different personality types that know how to work well with other personality types will achieve team effectiveness more efficiently than a team with a lack of understanding on their own and others’ personality types. It is predicted that the Truity's Type Finder Personality Test on personality types will have a strong, positive impact on overall team performance and team effectiveness. In addition, it can also be predicted that the team that takes the quiz and discusses their results will rate highest in team effectiveness. Through both quantitative and qualitative data, this exploratory study aims to prove the positive impact that personality type understanding has on communication, decision making, and overall team effectiveness.
ATLAS MİTİ’NDEN TULPAR MİTİ’NE KADINLARIN KENDİ OLMA MÜCADELESİ BAĞLAMINDA MERİDYENİN MERYEMLERİ
Authors: KARACA Nesrin , KESKİN Kadriye
Published: November 2021

Sacide Fikret Çobanoğlu tarafından kaleme alınan Meridyenin Meryemleri, kadınlık ve kadınlığa dair meseleleri odağa almasıyla, Bursa’nın mistik, kültürel yaşantısını gözler önüne sermesiyle ve başkahraman Handan’ın geliştirdiği paralel evrenler teorisiyle çok boyutlu bir romandır. Bu çok boyutluluk beraberinde roman tekniklerinin de çeşitlenmesini getirmiş, ele alınan meseleler, kullanılan tekniklerle belirgin kılınmıştır. Eserin iki mitle bağıntılı olarak bölümlenmesi yine aynı doğrultudadır. Başkahraman Nimet Handan Altay ve onun çevresindeki kadınların özelinde ataerkil sistemin kıskacında debelenen kadınların omuzlarındaki yükler, Atlas ile bağdaştırılırken kendi olarak var olma savaşı veren kadınlar tulpar ile özdeşleştirilmiştir. Başkahramanın ölüm ve hayat kıyısında durup yaptığı sorgulamalar, onu bir devir daim fikrine götürmüş ve paralel evrenler teorisini geliştirmesini sağlamıştır. Bu teoriye göre Handan, insanın tekâmülü tamamlayana kadar aynı beden ve aynı bilinçle değişik formlarda (katı-sıvı-gaz) başka evrenlerde yaşamını devam ettirdiğini ileri sürer. Handan’ın paralel evrenler teorisinin altyapısını destekleyen ise Bursa’nın uhrevi havası ve sık sık dinlediği veli menkıbeleridir. Başkahramanın hayatına teklifsizce dahil olan ikiz kardeş ruhu ise geride bıraktığı bir defterde Handan’dan önce deneyimlediklerini ve bir teori olarak geliştiremese de paralel evrenlere dair aynı fikirleri kaydeder. Bu durum iki kadının ruhunun buluştuğu ortak noktaları gözler önüne serer. Nitekim iki kadın da ataerkil sistemin yaşam savaşına aynı reaksiyonu göstererek katılmıştır.

Ataerkil sistemde Atlas olmak yerine tulpar gibi kanatlanan kadınların ruhunu özgür bir evrene kanatlanabileceğini vurgulayan Meridyenin Meryemleri adlı eser, yukarıdaki izlenimler doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır.
Improved RSA security using Chinese Remainder Theorem and Multiple Keys
Authors:   Faculty of Computers and Information, Menoufia University, Egypt, Samir Rasha
Published: November 2021

Now a days, have a great dependence on computer and network and the security of computer related to the whole world and everybody. Cryptography is the art and science of achieving security by encoding message to make them non readable, to secure data information transmits over the network, In this paper introduced modified RSA approach based on multi keys and Chinese remainder theorem (CRT), which RSA algorithm is asymmetric key encryption technique. The objective of this Technique is to provide secure transmission of data between any networks. Which is the Network security is an activity which is designed to provide the usage protection and integrity of the Network and data. So that only the user allowed can read and process it, the objective of this paper Enhancement the performance of RSA and increase the security. In proposed model RSA will be implemented using java.
Similarity Evaluation Based on Contextual Modelling
Authors:   Faculty of computers and information systems, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt, Haggag Mohamed H. , A. ELFattah Marwa M. ,   Ministry of Communication and information Technology, Telecom Egypt Company, Giza, Egypt, Ahmed Ahmed Mohammed ,   Faculty of computers and information systems, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: November 2021

Measuring Text similarity problem still one of opened fields for research area in natural language processing and text related research such as text mining, Web page retrieval, information retrieval and textual entailment. Several measures have been developed for measuring similarity between two texts: such as Wu and Palmer, Leacock and Chodorow measure and others . But these measures do not take into consideration the contextual information of the text .This paper introduces new model for measuring semantic similarity between two text segments. This model is based on building new contextual structure for extracting semantic similarity. This approach can contribute in solving many NLP problems such as te xt entailment and information retrieval fields.
Proposed Framework for Smart Healthcare Services
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Science, The American University in Cairo, Egypt, Rizk Dalia Kamal A. A.
Published: November 2021

Smart healthcare is of great interest to researchers and governments due to the increasing development of new smart cities. However, there is no current standard practice to format the cloud computing infrastructure and to assist the healthcare system architect in designing a comprehensive solution for the basic services that are required by the healthcare users while taking into consideration a balanced approach towards their specific functional and non-functional needs such as openness, scalability, concurrency, interoperability and security factors. The integration of smart healthcare services with cloud computing needs a concrete framework. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the different frameworks that discuss smart healthcare services and reach to a conclusion of the common factors to arrive at a unified and smart framework
Thuật toán sinh số nguyên tố tất định hiệu quả trên thiết bị nhúng
Authors: Lai Trần Duy , Thức Hoàng Văn , Nam Trần Duy
Published: November 2021

Tóm tắt—Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi giới thiệu thuật toán sinh số nguyên tố tất định dùng trong mật mã có thể cài đặt hiệu quả trên các thiết bị nhúng. Đóng góp chính của chúng tôi là làm tường minh về đảm bảo cơ sở lý thuyết và cài đặt thực tế thuật toán nêu trên.

Abstract—In this paper, we introduce a provable prime generation algorithm, which is used in cryptography and can be implemented efficiently on embedded devices. Our main contribution is to make sure that the theoretical backgr clear, correct and implement that algorithm.
An Approach to Solving Transport Problems through the M-Method
Authors:   University of National and World Economy of Sofia, Bulgaria, Ivanova Miglena
Published: November 2021

This paper presents an approach to solving transport problems by using the M-Method with optimal planning of freight wagon logistics. This method is applied in an example transport problem for minimizing empty mileage of open and covered freight wagons, considering their interchangeability and through overview of all combinations of interchangeable open and covered wagons in stations with a freight wagon shortage. The paper also presents an approach for probability analysis of two-dimensional discrete distribution (Crosstabs), generated by the SPSS program, including the optimal solutions of the stated problem which have been reached through the M-Method.
Expert Knowledge Content Database Design Suggestions from Validation Aspect
Authors:   Óbuda University, Hungary, Hajnal Ѐva
Published: November 2021

Expert Knowledge Content Database (EKCD) contains small or medium amount of data but its data content is valuable, which can be determined by expert work. Expert work can be a complex measurement, estimation, or data integration. Database design and validation was analyzed in a case study with EKCD Eulakes – Phytoplankton database of Lake Stechlin. Different data quality metrics was calculated and evaluated, and the content based inconsistency was evaluated. In the conclusion a schema is given for helping the design and validation.
Prevention of Cheating in Paper-And-Pencil Tests for the Organizational and Technological Conditions of the Bulgarian Schools with the Help of Web-Based Test Generator Software
Authors:   St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Bulgaria, Petrov Philip
Published: November 2021

The current research focuses on using computer software as a help for preparing, printing and evaluating paper-and-pencil tests. The practical realization includes a database design and a web-based frontend for users of three different roles with upgrading permissions. The proposed software can be used as an effort to prevent the common cheating when students pass their tests between each other by implementing a strategy for different problems with shuffled options to different students.
Ideas for Improving Mathematics Teaching by Using the GeoGebra Mathematical Software
Authors:   ", Angelova Zhorzheta ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo, Mincheva Ivanka
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with some uses of the GeoGebra mathematical software with the aim to improve and modernize mathematics teaching. It proposes some ideas for systemizing activities and problems related to solving a triangle. The problems are presented in two groups – basic and additional, each of which has subgroups. The purpose of the drawings is to illustrate the respective problem, to facilitate its solution, and to demonstrate the main requirement to learn mathematical concepts – to vary the insignificant properties of a concept to make the significant ones stand out.
The Tries of Stefan Altakov
Authors:   St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Bulgaria, Dimitrova Laura
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the artworks by Stefan Altakov, created in the last few years and presented in the virtual exhibition “Tries“ on the website of the project “Art Initiatives 2020”, the project is implemented under the Scientific Research Fund for Sofia University. A few sentences from the text of this article were published at the opening of the respective virtual exhibition.
Development and Use of a Stereoscopic System in Stereometry Training
Authors:   ", Lebamovski Penyo ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

This article briefly presents how the StereoMV mathematical software is designed and used. It consists of five modules: interface, stereoscopic visualization, stereometry, training module and knowledge testing module. The stereoscopic system is research-oriented and designed for the presented modules. The purpose of the system is to allow students to control, observe and manipulate geometric shapes in space. StereoMV is part of a dissertation on the following topic: “Stereoscopic Training System”. A new boundary method, created by the author of the system, is used to generate geometric shapes. This method takes part in the generation of a circle by means of a quadratic Bézier curve using three control points. The use of the matrix calculus, which plays a role in the generation of geometric shapes and the performance of transformations, is of particular importance in the development of the system.
For One Taxidiote Box from the Region of Plovdiv Metropolia
Authors:   ", Ganeva Plamena ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The study presents an unpublished reliquary made especially for the Batkun Monastery (village of Patalenitsa), and currently located in the Plovdiv diocese. According to the external inscription, its construction dates back to 1852 and according to its internal structure is defined as a clear “Taxidiote boxes”. This is a clear proof of its indisputable functionality – raising funds for the restoration and improvement of the Batkun Monastery. Following the historical development of the taxidiotes mission in the Balkans, this Batkun reliquary is part of the overall contribution to the preservation of socio-religious life and the protection of the spiritual culture of the Orthodox Bulgarians during the Ottoman rule.
The Gabrovo State men’s High School, in the Period of 1879–1902 and its Teachers-artists, who Have Received an Academic Education in Europe and Russia
Authors:   ", Nedeva Nela ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The present article showcases the research done by the author on the drawing teachers of the Gabrovo State Boys’ High School during the 19-th and 20-th century. The study focuses on the teachers who have received academic education in Russia and Western Europe. The point of the article is to show the high level of teaching and erudition of the pedagogical staff during the examined time period. As proof the author has indicated information about their students who have left permanent traces in the history of painting even outside the borders of their country.
Biosimilar epoetin for cancer and chemotherapy-induced anaemia in the US
Authors: Bennett Charles L
Published: November 2021

Biosimilars are biological drug products that are highly similar to reference products in analytic features, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, safety and efficacy. Biosimilar epoetin received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2018 [1]. The manufacturer received an FDA non-approval letter in 2017, despite receiving a favourable review by the FDA’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) and an FDA non-approval letter in 2015 for an earlier formulation.
Management and Sustainability of Greek Wetlands
Authors: E. Mpeza Paraskevi
Published: November 2021

Greece has today about 400 large and small wetlands. Some of them are international importance and some are considered as national importance. Several of them are composite and form wetland mosaics or complexes. The most common wetland types in Greece are: rivers, estuaries, deltas, lagoons, shallow lakes, shallow marine formations, marshes. Their total area is still quite large (210,000 ha) in spite of the heavy losses that occurred during the last two generations Threats of degradation are drainage, dam construction, irrigation networks, alteration in river morphology such as diversion flow, clearing of natural vegetation which alter hydrological regime and affect wetland function. Sustainable agriculture in the hydrological basins of important wetlands should be considered because these systems are threaten most.
Spinless Forage Cactus: The Queen of Forage Crops in Semi Arid Regions
Authors: de Andrade Ferreira Marcelo , Patto Novaes Luciano , María Herrera Ângulo Ana , Christina Bernardo de Siqueira Michelle
Published: November 2021

Forage cactus is a perennial crop, which has been widely exploited for feeding ruminants in the semiarid region of different countries around the world. The main objective of this chapter is to describe the use and importance of spineless cactus as forage, desertification mitigation, source of water for animals and a source of income for producers in semiarid regions. The main species explored in Brazil are Opuntia spp. and Nopalea spp., due to characteristics such as resistance to pests, productivity, water-use efficiency and demand for soil fertility. The productivity of the species in a region will depend on its morphological characteristics, plant spacing, planting systems and its capacity to adapt to climatic and soil conditions. In other parts of the world, cactus species are the most cosmopolitan and destructive among invasive plants. However, the use of spineless forage cactus in areas where it can develop normally and may become the basis for ruminants’ feed would increase the support capacity production systems. Thus, specifically for Brazil’s semiarid region these species can make the difference as forage for animal feeding, cultivated as monoculture or intercropped, for soil conservation and desertification mitigation, source of water for animals, preservation of the Caatinga biome and be a potential source of income for producers if cultivated as vegetable for nutritional properties and medicinal derivative of fruits and cladodes for exports.
Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Psychosis
Authors: Oritsetimenyin Otimenyin Sunday , Doosuur Ior Lydia
Published: November 2021

Substantial number of studies has been conducted to find alternatives or treatments for psychosis. Psychosis represents a variety of mental disorders characterized by the presence of delusions, hallucinations and grossly disorganized thinking in a clear sensorium. Psychosis is burdensome and difficult to treat given the inability of the typical and atypical antipsychotics to adequately manage it, accompanied by numerous disturbing adverse effects. Therefore, many with chronic mental health problems justifiably feel disappointed by the apparent ineffectiveness of conventional treatment and naturally search for a more holistic approach to treatment and alternative medicines having less or no side-effects. Plants are rich in secondary metabolites which have the ability to interact with the Central nervous system (CNS) to produce effects that can be beneficial for the management of psychosis, these phytochemicals are believed to have minimal adverse effects. A review of some of the medicinal plants used as antipsychotics, indicated that many medicinal plants possess antipsychotic effects that can improve the treatment of psychosis. Apparently, further studies are necessary in order to isolate the active constituents, ascertain their molecular mechanisms and safety, and also to test them in clinical studies for the development of new pharmacotherapies for psychosis.
The “Groundwater Benefit Zone”, Proposals, Contributions and New Scientific Issues
Authors: Zhao Ying , Qi Ji , Hu Qiuli , Wang Yi
Published: November 2021

The groundwater has great potential for water resource utilization, accounting for about a quarter of vegetation transpiration globally and contributing up to 84% in shallow groundwater areas. However, in irrigated agricultural regions or coastal areas with shallow groundwater levels, due to the high groundwater salinity, the contribution of groundwater to transpiration is small and even harmful. This paper proposes a new conception of groundwater benefit zone in the groundwater-soil–plant-atmosphere continuum (GSPAC) system. Firstly, it analyzes the mutual feedback processes of the underground hydrological process and aboveground farmland ecosystem. Secondly, it elaborates on the regional water and salt movement model proposed vital technologies based on the optimal regulation of the groundwater benefit zone and is committed to building a synergy that considers soil salt control and groundwater yield subsidies. Finally, based on the GSPAC system water-salt coupling transport mechanism, quantitative model of groundwater benefit zone, and technical parameters of regional water-salt regulation and control, the scientific problems and development opportunities related to the conception of groundwater benefit zone have been prospected.
Potential Biomarkers for Therapeutic Monitoring and Clinical Outcome in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yamamoto Yuki , La Salvia Sabrina , Susmita Sahoo , Tahara Hidetoshi
Published: November 2021

Non-coding RNAs are a species of RNA that are not translated to proteins. These include transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNAs, microRNAs, transfer RNA-derived fragments, and long non-coding RNA. It is known that expression levels of some non-coding RNAs included microRNAs are altered in cancer cells or tumor tissues. Moreover, expression profiles of such non-coding RNAs correlate between tissues and body fluids. Therefore, several non-coding RNAs are being used as diagnostic/prognosis biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cancer. In this chapter, we review about representative non-coding RNAs and introduce especially microRNA as diagnosis/prognosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Determinants of Economic Growth: An Empirical Evaluation of the Ugandan Economy
Authors: Sendi Richard , Bbale Mayanja John , Nyorekwa Enock
Published: November 2021

This paper investigated the determinants of economic growth in Uganda for the period 1982–2015 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) mode. The paper was motivated by the impressive economic performance of Uganda since 1986 that made her graduate from a “failed state” to a “mature reformer” in a short time. The paper established that while the initial level of GDP growth, government consumption and investment positively affected Uganda’s economic growth in the short run, inflation, foreign aid and a policy dummy variable representing structural adjustment programmes negatively impacted GDP growth. The results revealed that in the long run, trade openness, population growth, government consumption and investment positively influenced GDP growth in Uganda. The results failed to show a significant relationship between trade openness, population growth and human capital accumulation and economic growth in the short run. The study also failed to show a significant relationship between inflation, human capital and foreign aid and economic growth in the long run. The paper recommends policies that enhances sound macroeconomic fundamentals such as price stability, investment promotion, trade openness, increased government consumption, increased population growth and effective foreign aid.
Epidemiology of Bovine Mastitis and Its Diagnosis, Prevention, and Control
Authors: Audarya S.D. , Chhabra D. , Sharda R. , Gangil R. , Sikrodia R. , Jogi J. , Shrivastava N.
Published: November 2021

Mastitis is an inflammation of mammary glands that is prevalent in dairy bovines. It causes a significant proportion of economic losses to the dairy farmers in India. Cattle and buffalo farming contribute significantly to the economy of the state. Various infectious agents such as bacteria, fungi, and algae may cause mastitis. Hence, it is essential to understand the etiological agents and predisposing factors that lead to mastitis in susceptible bovine populations in Madhya Pradesh state so that appropriate prevention and control strategies can be implemented. In this chapter, epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and control measures of mastitis in general and in India, the state of Madhya Pradesh, in particular, will be presented.
Analysis of the Tribological Evolution of Nitride-Based Coatings
Authors: Ortiz Ortiz Christian , Hernandez-Rengifo Erick , Cesar Caicedo Julio
Published: November 2021

This chapter describes the fundamental and technological role of nitride-based hard coatings as protective coatings in some applications within the metalworking industry. For this, this chapter will present a critical review of previous research and recent developments on nitride-based coatings in different systems such as (multilayers, quaternaries, among others), where it will be possible to demonstrate their main properties and advantages that they can grant when they are implemented on conventional steels, such as greater hardness, surface control, electrochemical resistance, resistance against wear, among others. These results will determine that this type of coatings are suitable candidates to be implemented as protective coatings on cutting tools, which suffer from high wear in machining processes in the metalworking industry.
Composite Metamaterials: Classification, Design, Laws and Future Applications
Authors: Fawzi Tarek , A.M. Al-Talib Ammar
Published: November 2021

The development of science and applications have reached a stage where the naturally existed materials are not meeting the required properties. Metamaterials (MMs) are artificial materials that obtain their properties from their accurately engineered meta-atoms rather than the characteristics of their constituents. The size of the meta-atom is small compared to light’s wavelength. A metamaterial (MM) is a term means beyond material which has been engineered in order to possess properties that does not exist in naturally-found materials. Currently, they are made of multiple elements such as plastics and metals. They are being organized in iterating patterns at a scale that is smaller than wavelengths of the phenomena it influences. The properties of the MMs are not derived from the forming materials but their delicate size, geometry, shape, orientation, and arrangement. These properties maintain MMs to manipulate the electromagnetic waves via promoting, hindering, absorbing waves to attain an interest that goes beyond the natural materials’ potency. The apt design of MMs maintains them of influencing the electromagnetic radiation or sound in a distinctive technique never found in natural materials. The potential applications of MMs are wide, starting from medical, aerospace, sensors, solar-power management, crowd control, antennas, army equipment and reaching earthquakes shielding and seismic materials.
Taxation and Redistribution against Inequality: A Mathematical Model
Authors: Letizia Bertotti Maria
Published: November 2021

Reducing inequality is a tremendously important sustainable development goal. Albeit providing stylised frames for modelling, also mathematics can contribute to understanding and explaining the emergence of collective patterns in complex socio-economic systems. It can then effectively help to identify actions and measures to be taken and support policy-makers towards adoption of conceivable welfare measures aimed at halting the growth of inequality. Based on these assumptions, we here discuss some variants of a mathematical “micro-to-macro” model for the dynamics of taxation and redistribution processes in a closed trading market society. The model has an exploratory character resulting from possible tuning of various parameters involved: through its analysis, one can foresee the consequences on the long-run income distributions of different fiscal policies and differently weighted welfare policies, interventions, and subsidy provision, as well as the impact of the extent of tax evasion. In short, the model shows that in the long term redistributive policy results in a lower level of economic inequality in society.
Aliphatic Polyester Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Kreua-ongarjnukool Narumol , Soomherun Nopparuj , Thumsing Niyomthai Saowapa , Chumnanvej Sorayouth
Published: November 2021

Drug delivery systems using aliphatic polyester nanoparticles are usually prepared via an emulsion process. These nanoparticles can control drug release and improve pharmacokinetics. Aliphatic polyesters are linear polymers containing ester linkages, showing sensitivity to hydrolytic degradation. The byproducts then promote autocatalytic degradation. These byproducts could enter the Krebs cycle and be eliminated from the body, resulting in the high biocompatibility of these nanoparticles. The properties of these polyesters are linked to the drug release rate due to biodegradation, i.e., polymer crystallinity, glass transition temperature, polymer hydrophobicity, and molecular weight (MW), all of which relatively influence hydrolysis. Mathematical equations have been used to study the factors and mechanisms that affect drug dissolution compared to experimental release data. The equations used as models for predicting the kinetics of drug release include the zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Hixson-Crowell, and Korsmeyer-Peppas equations. Aliphatic polyester-based controlled drug delivery has surrounded much of the current activity in the estimation parameters of nanoparticles and stimulated additional research. Polymeric nanoparticles have potential in a wide range of applications, such as in biotechnology, vaccine systems, and the pharmaceutical industry. The main goal of this chapter is to discuss aliphatic polyester nanoparticles as drug carrier systems.
Treatment Practices in Optic Nerve Glioma
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Kumar Anup , Raina Payal , Tudu Rajanigandha , K.S. Munda Praveer
Published: November 2021

Optic nerve glioma (OPG) is a rare tumor in children and adolescents. It comprises 1–5% of central nervous system tumors. It can be sporadic or associated with the neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) gene. These are usually slow-growing tumors and may remain localized to the optic nerve or can have encroached upon adjoining structures like optic chiasma, opposite optic nerve, and hypothalamus. So, there may be decreased or loss of vision, proptosis, focal neurological symptoms, precocious puberty, and short stature. Due to the involvement of these critical structures, its treatment should be based on multidisciplinary consensus. The treatment modalities include surgery, RT, and chemotherapy. The aim of the treatment should be to preserve vision. However, the timing and selection of optimal treatment modalities are always a clinical dilemma. Recently, there have been promising results with newer techniques of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Adaptive Thermal Comfort of an Office for Energy Consumption-Famagusta Case
Authors: Zafer Alibaba Halil
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to determine how much thermal comfort can be obtained through heat/energy transfers between the office/external air and the transparent/opaque surfaces of an office by combining different transparent and opaque wall surface ratios with different window opening percentages using dynamic thermal simulations. It found that the optimum window-to-wall ratio (WWR) for energy conservation is 40%, with a 20% window opening ratio. The 80% and 90% thermal comfort ranges of the adaptive thermal comfort methodology are found in May, October, September, and the yearly average, while June and August are only in the range of 80% acceptability. The office constantly loses heat through air flow with any glass size on its external facade and any window opening ratio. Moreover, all sizes of opaque and transparent internal surfaces transferred heat from outside by conduction, while the opaque wall similarly always transferred energy to heat up the office air internally and outside air externally through convection. The external glass also heats the office air by convection, except in the months of January, November, and December.
The Researcher’s Role: An Intervention Study Using Lesson Study in Norway
Authors: Hauge Kåre
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study has been to investigate the researcher’s role in an intervention study using Lesson Study as a mediating artifact for teachers’ professional development. The research question addressed in this article is: “How can the researcher act and react to the challenges that emerge when enhancing the development of practice and still allow teachers to own and manage the project”? An argument for this study is that there are several studies that point out that the researcher’s role in intervention research in which teachers and researchers cooperate are of great importance. At the same time, little research describes the researcher’s role and function during a research project. This article describes and explores the researcher’s role in facing challenges in a practice-oriented intervention during the study. This study lasted for a period of two years. To answer the research question, I have used several data sources to get a holistic picture of the researcher role. Data sources consist of interviews, teacher’s reflection notes, research log and observations. This study verifies that the researcher’s role and approach are of crucial importance for change and development.
Ophthalmic Disorders in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Associated with Preeclampsia
Authors: Cvitkovic Katarina , Pusic Sesar Anita , Sesar Antonio , Cavar Ivan
Published: November 2021

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiological entity presented with different symptoms such as visual disturbances, headaches, seizures, severe hypertension and altered mental status. It has been recognized in a different pathological conditions, although preeclampsia/eclampsia is the most common cause of PRES. The pathogenesis of PRES is still not fully understood, but it seems that failure of cerebrovascular autoregulation causing vasogenic edema, cerebral vasoconstriction, and disruption of the blood brain barrier plays an important role. Cortical blindness, hypertensive retinopathy, serous retinal detachment (SRD), central retinal artery and vein occlusions, retinal or vitreous hemorrhages, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and Purtscher’s retinopathy are ophthalmic disorders that may occur in PRES associated with preeclampsia. Among these, cortical blindness is the best documented complication of preeclampsia. Magnet resonance imaging (MRI) is a gold standard to establish the diagnosis of PRES because clinical findings are not sufficiently specific. Typically, there are bilateral cortical occipital lesions with hyperdensity on T2-weighted MRI. Blindness due to occipital lesions is reversible and the vision loss is usually regained within 4 h to 8 days.