bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Series of cases of congenital cataract in the family
Authors: Soni Jyotsana , Kumar H Mohan , Rasheed Sana
Published: February 2022

Cataract is one of the main causes of preventable childhood blindness. It can be either hereditary or non-hereditary. Paediatric cataracts are idiopathic in majority of cases. Major challenge in pediatric cataract is to overcome amblyopia. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can result in good visual prognosis.

In this case series, we present three siblings having congenital cataract. They presented to our hospital in their mid and late twenties for the cataract surgeries. Detailed examination of these cases were done and many other systemic abnormalities were detected along with ocular findings. Small incision cataract surgery under GVP under GA was done for all three cases.

There was no history of congenital cataract in the family. one of the sibling younger brother did not have congenital cataract and other abnormalities. Early diagnosis and treatment avoids long-term adverse sequalae like strabismus and amblyopia. Late presentation, cataract surgery can be done and we can accept visual outcome as shown in these cases. Visual rehabilitation with adequate compliance can have a benefit in improving visual acuity and binocularity.

Even though early surgical intervention is mandatory to have adequate visual outcome, nevertheless visual rehabilitation can also be expected in congenital cataracts with late presentation as seen in these cases.
European approach to the delimitation of non-personal data for the purposes of civil circulation
Authors: Sterligova A. V.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to comprehensively investigate the need to differentiate the division of data into personal and non-personal. The article uses the methods necessary to analyze the application of a unified approach in understanding the use of data in civil circulation, namely: formal legal, comparative legal, formal logical, systemic and functional. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the development of a unified concept for understanding data in civil circulation. After analyzing foreign and national doctrine and legislation, the author comes to the conclusion that in practice in civil circulation there is value for using a unified understanding of data without highlighting both personal and non-personal data in their composition. The author considered non-personal data in the context of the European approach to dividing data into personal and non-personal. The author analyzed the applicability of the European approach to Russian realities, as well as the main problems that arise in practice in connection with the use of non-personal data.
On some approaches to determining the definition of sources of Russian law in the works of Soviet scientists
Authors: Elchaninova O. Yu.
Published: February 2022

The article studies the essential characteristics of the concept of sources of law, shows a variety of positions on the issues of systematization of sources of Russian law, gives a characteristic of conceptual approaches to their classification. The main volume of the work is devoted to the analysis of the doctrine of the sources of law, which was established in the legal doctrine in the Soviet period. The conclusion is made that the content of the concept depends on the specific era in which it was formed. In the Soviet period, a normative approach prevailed in legal thinking with an emphasis on studying the nature of formal sources of law, reflecting the reasons for the legal obligation of a norm. It is indicated that Soviet scientists understood the material conditions of social life as sources of law in the material sense. The author shows that the lack of unification of the term sources of law is determined by the essential polysemicity of its structural elements. Soviet scientists who touched the doctrine of the sources of Russian law, relying on previous works, brought something new to it, expanding the conceptual and categorical boundaries.
Implementation of the principle of equality and guarantee of the rights of convicted persons
Authors: Adoyevskaya O. A.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the problems of implementing the universally recognized principle of equality in penal enforcement policy and guaranteeing the rights of convicts, as well as suspects accused of committing crimes in custody. The fundamental rights of convicted and detained persons are analyzed. It is proved that not all fundamental rights of convicted and detained persons are guaranteed by law in accordance with the principle of equality, which is among the universally recognized principles of international law and is aimed at international legal protection against discrimination. It is proved that the penal enforcement legislation does not provide for legislative restrictions guaranteeing protection against discrimination on any grounds. In the case of convicted and detained persons, there are often inequalities in gender, age, property and legal aid. Now an opportunity to serve prison term concerning women and minors at the place of residence as it is provided for men isn't enshrined in the criminal and executive legislation. Such a legislative decision contributes to the severance of family and socio-useful ties among convicted women and minors. The prohibition of the use of technical means by lawyers in the territory of a correctional institution is discriminatory, since it infringes on the right of convicts to receive qualified legal assistance, guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The article shows the differences in penal policy between the haves and the poor, which is also classically discriminatory and unacceptable. It was concluded that the implementation of universally recognized principles of international law, including the principle of equality of citizens before the law and the court, is the responsibility of the legislative and law enforcement agencies and contributes to the achievement of the goals of criminal enforcement legislation, as well as to strengthening citizens' faith in the institutions of State power.
Failure to enter information about funds placed by individuals and individual entrepreneurs in financial accounting and reporting documents of a credit institution (Article 172.3 of the Criminal Code): another unclaimed norm?
Authors: Gladkikh V. I.
Published: February 2022

On the example of Article 172.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the article considers the problem of insufficient demand for a number of crimes committed in the field of economic activity (Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). It is noted that against the background of the campaign that began in the country in 2009 to liberalize criminal policy in the field of combating economic crime and a significant decrease in the number of this type of crime (more than four times), there is a permanent process of criminalization of socially dangerous acts that infringe on public relations in the economic sphere. At the same time, out of 60 compositions of Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, no more than a quarter are relatively working. Almost a third of the norms are completely unclaimed by law enforcement practice. One of these norms was Article 172.3 on responsibility for failure to enter information about funds placed by individuals and individual entrepreneurs in financial accounting and reporting documents of a credit institution. The reasons for this state of affairs, according to the author, are the insufficient criminological substantiation of the introduction of such norms into the Criminal Code, their constructive imperfection, duplication by other compositions similar in content, the lack of practice-proven methods of disclosing and investigating cases of this category, the low professionalism of law enforcement officers conducting criminal cases, cases of economic crimes, etc. Proposals are made to improve the criminal policy in the field of combating economic crimes, based on a systematic, scientifically grounded approach.
Counterfeit as a criminal phenomenon: means of counteraction
Authors: Alexandrova L. I.
Published: February 2022

The market of counterfeit goods by its content is a component of the criminal market, as a complex socio- economic phenomenon. The problem of counterfeit goods is very acute, since it affects not only the interests of copyright holders, but also negatively affects consumers in any sector of the economy. The article analyzes the legislation on counterfeiting, analyzes the reasons for the turnover of counterfeit products, shows the dynamics of detection of counterfeit products by customs authorities from 2015 to 2020, considers the measures taken and necessary in the fight against counterfeiting.
Public-legal significance of civil status acts in family sphere in Spain: problems of legislation and law enforcement
Authors: Trofimets I. A.
Published: February 2022

In this article, the author, using the example of legislation and law enforcement activities in Spain, attempts to show that acts of a person's civil status, including those characterizing his marital status, have various legal consequences, both of a private and public nature. State registration of individual biographical and demographic characteristics of a person is necessary for his individualization and identification, as well as for ensuring the legal security of public relations. In addition, the registration of the population in the format of civil status records provides the state with the opportunity to form the correct demographic policy in society, budget planning in social and economic areas. In Spain, registry information in the field of civil status records is collected, processed, transmitted and submitted according to new rules that were gradually put into effect from 2017 to 2021. Currently, the civil register is an exclusively electronic information resource built on an extraterritorial basis, which provides many advantages to both state bodies and directly to citizens-applicants.
Some security issues in pipeline transport
Authors: Izgagina T. Yu.
Published: February 2022

The article shows the role of pipeline transport in the Russian economy, analyzes the Russian legislation regulating the activities of this type of transport; analyzes typical violations detected in the operation of pipelines by control and supervisory authorities and the prosecutor's office; shows the role of Rostekhnadzor in detecting violations of high-risk objects. The article analyzes the legislation of the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakhstan in terms of legal regulation of the trunk pipeline transport and the supervision of it by the prosecutor's office; provides judicial practice on compensation for environmental damage caused by accidents on pipelines. In addition, a comparative analysis of the order of supervision in Russia and in the United States was carried out. The conclusion is made about the need to activate state supervision by Rostekhnadzor; improve regulatory regulation by adopting a specialized regulatory act.
Study of electrolyte composition effect on the properties of oxide solar cells
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Patrusheva Tamara Nikolaevna , Sukhova Galina Ivanovna ,   Siberian State Technological University, Grishina Elena Petrovna ,   Siberian Federal University, Chudinov Evgenii Alekseevich ,   Siberian State Technological University, Popov Aleksandr Sergeevich ,   Siberian Federal University, Ryzhenkov Aleksei Viktorovich ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: February 2022

Properties of Dye Solar Cells with quasi solid electrolytes based on PEG have been investigated. The attempts to enhance the electrolyte conductivity was made with Li electrolyte introduction.
Influence of pressure on structural characteristics of separation materials and oxygen ionization rate in the electrode block of the lead-acid accumulator
Authors:   Saratov State University, Burashnikova M. M. , Khramkova T. S. ,   Saratov State University, Kazarinov I. A. ,   Saratov State University
Published: February 2022

In this article was studied pressure influence in the electrode block of the model of the lead-acid accumulator on the most important physical properties (a specific surface, pore size distribution, compression properties, speed of capillary lifting of electrolyte) of absorbent glass mat separators of the trademarks «Hollingsworth» (USA) and "Bernard Dumas"(France) and on efficiency of an oxygen cycle. It is shown that the highest compression properties separators with a high specific surface (7-10 m2/g) possess. The increase of pressure in the electrode block conducts to pores size redistribution towards decrease in a share of a pore with a radius of 10-15 microns and increase in a share of smaller pore with radius of 1-5 microns. Observed reduction of a share of a large pore explains decrease in height and speed of lifting of electrolyte with higher pressure in the electrode block. The increase of pressure in the electrode block to 50 kPa leads to decrease oxygen ionization rate on a lead electrode.
MATRIX EQUATION AX+XB=C OVER A FINITE FIELD
Authors: Babaev Aliverd B. , Kryakvin Vadim D.
Published: February 2022

The matrix equation AX+XB=C over a finite Galois field is considered, and the questions of the solvability of this equation are investigated. To analyze the solvability, the equation is transformed to the form A ̃X ̃+ X ̃B ̃=C ̃, where the matrices A ̃ and B ̃ have Jordan normal form over the decomposition field of the product of the characteristic polynomials of the matrices A and B. This allows us to consider the last equation in the form of a system of block equalities. For this, the matrices A ̃, B ̃, C ̃, X ̃ are partitioned into blocks A ̃αβ , B ̃αβ , C ̃αβ , X ̃αβ , each of which corresponds to only one Jordan box with an eigenvalue λα of the matrix A and only one Jordan box with an eigenvalue μβ of the matrix B. To find the unknown blocks, the Frobenius iteration method is used. If the characteristic polynomials of the matrices A and -B are coprime, the solution to the matrix equation exists and is unique. If λα+μβ=0 is true for some pairs of roots from the decomposition field of the product the characteristic polynomials of the matrices A and B, then the solution exists if and only if the solvability condition is satisfied. Examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.
TO THE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGY OF ABRAMIS BRAMA L. (1758) OF THE SOUTHWESTERN SHELF OF THE NORTH CASPIAN
Authors: Guseynov Kais M. , Gasanova Aysha Sh. , Khlopkova Marina V.
Published: February 2022

Shelf of the southwestern part of the North Caspian is one of the most highly productive areas in the Caspian Sea. The main share of catches of the coastal complex in the Republic of Dagestan currently consists of valuable carp species. One of the most numerous species is the bream Abramis brama L., second in number only to the roach Rutilus rutilus aspicus (Jak.). Bream makes up 11,3-32 % of the number of catches. In the study period, bream was represented by individuals of the age group of 2-10 years, 82 % of which were fish of 3-6 years. The average length of the fish was 33,9 cm, weight - 898,9 g. The bream was characterized by a good growth rate and high fatness. The ratio of females and males in the catches was 44.9 and 55.1 %, respectively, and the average fecundity was 121.1 thousand eggs. The daily rhythm of nutrition has a pronounced periodicity. The main food of adult bream is made up of crustaceans and mollusks, while juveniles are amphipods.
Modelagem e Simulação: Problemas Típicos da Engenharia Química para Simulação e Análise
Authors: Franco Ivan Carlos
Published: February 2022

Modelos matemáticos podem ser utilizados em diversas fases da engenharia, porém para que possamos utilizá-los devemos realizar a simulação computacional e analisar se as saídas dos modelos estão coerentes e dentro do que esperamos para o processo. Para realizar a simulação podemos utilizar simuladores comerciais ou implementar códigos (programar) que representam o sistema estudado em softwares matemáticos como Matlab©, SCILAB ou GNU Octave ou linguagem que possuem bibliotecas matemáticas e científicas como Python. Esta coletânea de Notas de Aulas apresenta diversos problemas típicos da Engenharia Química implementados com o auxílio do Matlab/Simulink©.
Sororidad entre mujeres mayores en Santiago de Chile. Un análisis a la luz de la gerontología feminista
Authors: Gómez-Rubio Constanza Alejandra
Published: February 2022

Son recientes los estudios que abordan las relaciones entre mujeres al interior de organizaciones autogestionadas de personas mayores. Por ello, esta investigación cualitativa analiza los discursos de mujeres mayores de Santiago de Chile en torno a las relaciones que establecen entre ellas dentro de organizaciones comunitarias autogestionadas, y el vínculo que construyen con sus propias vejeces. Se realizaron dieciocho entrevistas a mujeres mayores entre 2016 y 2019, que fueron analizadas mediante análisis crítico del discurso. Los resultados refirieron a tres tópicos: la relevancia de lo colectivo en la vejez femenina, las prácticas de resistencia frente al control de la Iglesia y del Estado, y al hecho de ser mujeres viejas. El discurso de apoyo mutuo y sororidad resultan claves para comprender sus relaciones. Se resalta la importancia de producir modelos femeninos de vejez, que sirvan a las generaciones más jóvenes de mujeres.
Yo tan vieja, ¿ya qué? Relaciones sexo-afectivas de lesbianas adultas mayores de Bogotá-Colombia
Authors: Fernández de Castro Peñaranda Ana Margarita
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza la construcción de los vínculos sexoafectivos de lesbianas adultas mayores de Bogotá. En consonancia con los planteamientos de la gerontología feminista y del curso de vida, en esta investigación recopilé las historias de vida de ocho lesbianas mayores de sesenta años para comprender cómo sus trayectorias vitales inciden en la manera en que construyen su vida sexo-afectiva en la vejez. A partir del trabajo de campo, evidencié que el género y la sexualidad ejercen gran influencia en las experiencias de envejecimiento de este segmento poblacional, dando lugar a vejeces diferenciales. Asimismo, sostengo que la gestión de las relaciones sexo-afectivas en la vejez y los significados e importancia atribuidos a estas dependen, entre otros, de sus cursos de vida, de sus situaciones materiales actuales, del grado de cercanía con sus familias, de sus expectativas vitales y de la percepción que tienen acerca desí mismas. Además, están influidos por factores externos como, por ejemplo, la censura hacia su sexualidad y la falta de espacios de lesbosocialización pensados para adultas mayores. Entre dichos significados e importancia, resalto la posibilidad de disponer de compañía, afectos y cuidados, de conseguir el sustento diario y de dar continuidad a su sexualidad.
Pandemia, envejecimiento y políticas públicas en América Latina. Apuntes teóricos para pensar el problema de las vejeces desiguales desde los enfoques del curso de vida y de la economía política del envejecimiento
Authors: Marzioni Sofía Clarisa
Published: February 2022

La pandemia causada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 puso de relieve la diversidad y la desigualdad existente entre las personas mayores en los países de América Latina. ¿Desde qué marcos teóricos es posible emprender el análisis de las vejeces deisguales? ¿Cómo hacerlo desde las especificidades de la región? ¿Cuál es el rol que juegan el Estado y las políticas públicas y sociales? Este artículo surge de la convicción de que es necesario revisar los marcos analíticos que se utilizan para entender el envejecimiento. Se propone problematizar las vejeces desiguales a partir de revisar y articular algunas premisas teóricas de dos enfoques, el del curso de vida y el de la economía política del envejecimiento. Se argumenta que éstos permiten captar mejor la complejidad de la realidad social, nutriendo diagnósticos más certeros sobre la situación y los problemas de las personas mayores en la región, que pueden servir como punto de partida para el diseño de nuevas políticas y para interpelar las potencialidades y límites de las ya existentes.
Efectos colaterales del COVID-19: el cuidado del adulto mayor en el hogar
Authors: Matassini Silvana
Published: February 2022

Este articulo busca explorar los efectos colaterales del COVID-19 en relación al cuidado de la población adulta mayor asegurada al seguro social del Perú y que se encontraban confinadas en sus hogares. Se realizó un estudio de caso sobre el efecto de la pandemia en personas adultas mayores que solían asistir a un centro de atención al adulto mayor (CAM). Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semi estructuradas vía telefónica a los participantes. El estudio mostró que la pandemia ha ocasionado ciertas reconfiguraciones en los hogares de las personas adultas mayores, tanto en su materialidad como en las dinámicas internas.

Las PAM que participaron en el estudio recibieron el apoyo y cuidado de sus familiares más cercanos, por lo general los que compartían el mismo hogar. Sin embargo, las debilidades en el sistema de salud y en trabajos de protección social podrían vulnerar a aquellas personas adultas mayores con redes de apoyo menos robustas. Los efectos colaterales de la pandemia más resaltantes en la PAM, están relacionados a sus actividades recreativas, ya que han quedado paralizadas, ocasionándoles sentimientos de frustración y aburrimiento. La actual pandemia aun exige un cuidado y seguridad constante que evite poner en riesgo de contagio a la población en general pero que también considere dentro de sus estrategias de cuidado el efecto de la salud a causa de la reducción de sociabilidad. El trabajo conjunto entre el asegurado, familias y EsSalud, garantizará mejores estrategias de prevención y atención
Las personas mayores durante la Pandemia COVID-19: políticas públicas y acceso a las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en Argentina
Authors: Pochintesta Paula Analía , Oddone María Julieta
Published: February 2022

Las personas mayores se encuentran insertas en una sociedad caracterizada por la aceleración tecnológica, la comunicación y la información. Estas transformaciones cambian a un ritmo vertiginoso, generando gran impacto en la vida de los mayores. Partimos de considerar a las personas mayores como sujetos activos y en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos, donde la inclusión digital forma parte la inclusión social. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es, por un lado, realizar un análisis de contenido de las políticas implementadas en Argentina en materia de inclusión digital, lo que incluye el nivel de cobertura y relevamiento de posibles brechas existentes. Por otro lado, se analizan datos de una encuesta nacional sobre acceso a recursos y uso de tecnologías de información y comunicación por parte de las personas mayores. Las conclusiones muestran que existen brechas importantes tanto en el acceso a recursos comoen la frecuencia de uso. Sobre las políticas públicas nacionales en la materia, observamos que la pandemia evidenció que no hubo un plan estratégico para el logro de una política de inclusión de las personas mayores a las nuevas tecnologías.
Monitoring Systemic Change in Inclusive Agribusiness
Authors: Vellema Sietze , Schouten Greetje , Faling Marijn
Published: February 2022

Evaluations of private sector development programmes look at what changed to the workings of the system, and whether these changes are scalable, resilient, and sustainable. We present an evaluation lens that primarily qualifies changes to the systemic nature of food provisioning in markets. It converts theoretical frameworks into ‘antennae’ receptive to early signs of systemic effects of inclusive agribusiness that fosters food and nutrition security. The tools for this theory-informed approach were developed and applied in 2SCALE, a Dutch-funded programme aiming to incubate inclusive agribusiness and contribute to food and nutrition security goals in Africa. The article reflects on what to monitor to detect early signs of systemic effects and how monitoring can be embedded in unfolding business and partnering processes. It concludes that taking a theory-informed approach gives directionality to strategising and planning, and enhances capacities of partners in inclusive business projects to lead actions towards realising systemic effects.
Glossary
Authors: Ton Giel , Vellema Sietze
Published: February 2022

This is the glossary for IDS Bulletin Vol 53 No 1: Theory-Based Evaluation of Inclusive Business Programmes.
Tahlîl al-Akhthâ' al-Imlâiyyah fî Kitâbati Hurûf al-Hamzah li Thullâbi al-Mubtadiîn Wihdah al-Lughah al-Nâsyiîn (Wulan) Bima'had al-Nâsyiîn al-Islâmiy Jrujugan Larangan Pamekasan
Authors: Rizqiyadi Mohammad
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the errors that occur in writing hamzah letters and the factors that influence the errors in writing hamzah. This study aims to find an Error Analysis in writing hamzah that occurs in elementary students at An-Nasyi'in Islamic boarding school. In this study, researchers used qualitative research methods. In collecting data, researchers used instruments of observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the data used is the Error Analysis with three stages, namely, identification of errors, interpretation of errors, and correcting errors. The results showed that: First, errors in writing hamzah occur in six aspects, namely: writing hamzah at the beginning of a word, in the middle of a word, at the end of a word, writing hamzah over a letter, writing hamzah over nibrah, and in writing hamzah washal. The most common mistake is in writing hamzah at the beginning of a word; Second, the factors that influence the error in writing hamzah, namely: excessive generalization, lack of understanding the rules of writing hamzah, lacking in practicing the rules of writing hamzah.
Penyusunan Materi Ajar Al Nahw Al Whazhifi dan Penerapannya Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Untuk Mahasiswa PAI IAI Muhammadiyah Sinjai
Authors: Jamil Husnaini , Agung Nur , Takdir Takdir
Published: February 2022

Learning Arabic in Indonesia has been going on for several decades, especially since the presence of Islam in Indonesian society. However, difficulties in understanding it still overshadow the majority of students and educators from various backgrounds, ranging from elementary, secondary, to tertiary levels. Many solutions are offered to overcome these difficulties, one of which is by changing the orientation of Arabic learning which initially leads to mastery of grammar to increase the ability of learners in the use of grammar as a means of communicating with Arabic that is good and accurate. This orientation change is realized by the preparation of various functional grammatical books that are applicable and can be adapted to the abilities, situations, and conditions of the learner. This study uses a type of R&D research with the Borg and Gall development model. The use of functional grammar material in this study provides an opportunity for learners to master Arabic more quickly and easily as evidenced by the value of -t table <-t count is -18,084 <-2,045.
I'dâd al-Mawâd al-Ta'lîmiyyah li Mahârati al-Kalâm Fî Dhoui al-Madkhal al-Wadzhîfî Fî Maskan al-Khairiyyah Sukorejo Situbondo
Authors: Fu’adah Shofwatul
Published: February 2022

Learning materials are very important in learning Arabic. But in reality, there are many learning processes that do not use even do not have the right textbooks or teaching materials, like the researcher found in Al-Khoiriyah Ma’hadul Qur’an dormitory Sukorejo Situbondo. This was impacting on their lack of speaking skills, while they have to communicate in Arabic and English everyday as bilingual dormitory. Therefore, they need specific learning textbooks so that teaching and learning activities can be directed correctly, especially the textbooks that can support learning maharah kalam, so they can improve their speaking skills. This study aims to preparation textbooks of maharah kalam using functional approach because students need materials that related with their daily activities and functional verbal expressions. The method of this research was research and development (R&D)"which was proposed by Borg and Gall. The design of the product trial went through the expert validation, content and instructional design expert. The results of this textbook trial showed that this textbook was effective to meet the students need to increase speaking skills which using pre-test and post-test exercise, with pre-test result from 58,6 then increase in post test to be 85 and also the result of the teachers and students questionnaire is very good and effective to use after using this product. Therefore the teaching materials useful for their Arabic daily communication
Tantangan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Di Era Society 5.0: Analisis Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Aplikasi Interaktif
Authors: Jamil Husnaini , Agung Nur
Published: February 2022

The Revolutionary Era 4.0, which has just been rolled out, has been replaced by the presence of the Society 5.0 era which directs people to utilize technology in every activity, including in the field of education. Arabic as a foreign language taught in various Indonesian educational institutions is also trying to keep up with the times. One of the breakthroughs made by educators is to convert and adapt Arabic teaching materials which were in the form of books, modules, and audio into interactive teaching materials designed with the latest applications. This brings out new ideas for the progress of learning Arabic, so that various difficulties experienced so far can be overcome properly. This study aims to identify and describe the challenges faced by Arabic language activists in the era of society 5.0 based on the use of interactive applications to make Arabic learning videos. The research was carried out with a descriptive quantitative approach to explain the results of research in various educational institutions in Bone Regency. The result of this research is that the teachers must have special skills to optimize the use of technology in the learning process, so that students can absorb more of the materials. It can be run by operating video editing applications such as Kine Master, Plotagon, PowerPoint, and others
El Códice de Dresde como documento del Posclásico Tardío: análisis visual en el desarrollo del concepto
Authors:   University of New México, USA, Paxton Merideth
Published: February 2022

This research to determine the pre-Hispanic context of the Dresden Codex argues that it is Late Postclassic (1250 AD-Spanish conquest) and that it is not necessarily from the area of Chichen Itza. The conclusions modify the view of J. Eric S. Thompson, still highly influential after nearly fifty years, that it was painted in or near the settlement between 1200 and 1250 AD. Because the manuscript is a copy from Classic period sources, it is necessary to establish its date according to the most recent revision. This can be determined from a group of objects in the illustrations that are closely linked with Late Postclassic art. The study further supports interpretation of the period in neutral terms, not decadence.
Una reconsideración de la procedencia del Códice Madrid
Authors:   Independent researcher, USA, Sullivan Paul
Published: February 2022

On two pages of the Maya hieroglyphic manuscript known as the Madrid Codex are found vestiges of European paper. Visible on one of those fragments are handwritten words in Latin and Spanish. Scholars first proposed that the European paper had been incorporated into the substrate of the Maya codex during manufacture, and that the codex was a post-conquest creation. A re-analysis of the codex has shown, however, that the European paper became adhered to the codex after it was manufactured and painted. Another study has argued that it is a fragment of a Bull of the Santa Cruzada and that its presence helps to identify the approximate year and place when the Maya codex fell into the hands of Spanish friars. This article will show that argument is incorrect and that the European writing found in the Madrid Codex does not clarify the provenience of this important document.
Estrategias de prevención del VIH/sida en hombres mayas migrantes de Yucatán: aportes desde la mercadotecnia social
Authors:   Sistema para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia Mérida, Yucatán, Alvizo Perera Eduardo José de Jesús , Quintal López Rocío ,   Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mexico
Published: February 2022

There has been an increase in the amount of research that shows how migration status influences an increased risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS. The findings show that structural conditions of inequality lead to greater vulnerability. In Mexico, those who come from rural or indigenous populations face greater material shortage and abuses of their human rights. To achieve a better impact on prevention, less explored health promotion models need to be applied. The present work, carried out in two localities in southern Yucatan, shows how social marketing is a relevant and effective tool to build HIV/AIDS prevention strategies among the male Mayan population migrating to regional destinations. The research was carried out in two stages: a) the collection of data through the application of surveys that explore socio-demographic data, vulnerability factors, knowledge about HIV/AIDS and risk practices, which served as input for the second stage; b) the collaborative development of a prevention strategy based on Lee and Kotler Social Marketing model. With this we identified the desired outcomes for health; the threats to achieving those outcomes; the behavioral changes sought; the main barriers; the messages to be strengthened in interpersonal communication; the attitudes and knowledge that existed in response to the phenomenon. Finally, in collaboration with the participants we created a video and a play that were accepted in both communities.
Entre o individual e o coletivo
Authors: Soares Herick Vazquez , Spinelli Anália Meira
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo busca contribuir para os debates acerca das novas dinâmicas da ruralidade e sobre a direção destas transformações a partir do fenômeno de migração das cidades para o campo de indivíduos pertencentes à chamada classe média. Essa tarefa inicia-se pela discussão sobre a classe média nas teorias de análises de classes, avaliando a adequação e possibilidades dos instrumentos analíticos oferecidos por essas teorias para retratar esse grupo social. Feita a construção teórica, busca-se, a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, refletir sobre a complexidade do fenômeno de êxodo urbano e da opção pela agroecologia por parte de indivíduos da classe média urbana: aqui chamado de projeto de vida agroecológica. Esse movimento, motivado por uma crítica ao modo de vida urbano, à lógica capitalista de produção e reprodução da vida material, e pela preocupação com o agravamento da questão ambiental, ao mesmo tempo que representa uma grande mudança, também mantém uma cultura e privilégios de classe oriundos da origem social desses indivíduos, cuja combinação reflete crenças de transformação a partir da esfera individual. Apresentados os resultados das entrevistas, o artigo busca refletir sobre como esse processo migratório e a proposta de mudança nele embutida apresentam potencialidades e limitações, bem como a ligação delas com o fato de seus atores serem originários da classe média.
Studi In Silico Senyawa Hylocereus polyrhizus dan Allium sativum terhadap Enzim HMG-CoA Reduktase
Authors: Normaidah Normaidah , Nurmansyah Dian
Published: February 2022

Ekstrak buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum) diketahui mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah dalam studi in vivo. Penambatan molekul dapat dilakukan dalam memprediksi senyawa yang bertanggung jawab berdasarkan nilai docking. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui zat aktif potensial dari H. polyrhizus dan A. sativum yang berperan penting dalam penurunan kadar kolesterol darah melalui jalur inhibisi enzim HMG-CoA reduktase dalam uji in silico. Reseptor yang digunakan adalah enzim HMG-CoA reduktase (PDB ID: 1HW9) dengan ligan natif simvastatin yang dipreparasi menggunakan YASARA. Struktur senyawa aktif sebanyak 19 senyawa dari buah H. polyrhizus 17 dari A. sativum digambar menggunakan MarvinSketch pada pH 7,4 dengan 10 bentuk konformasi. Proses penambatan molekul dilakukan menggunakan program PLANTS dan divisualisasi dengan Discovery Studio Visualizer. Ligan natif menunjukkan nilai RMSD sebesar 1,5265 Å dengan nilai docking -79,1320. Senyawa 4, dan 17 pada buah H. polyrhizus serta senyawa 36 pada A. sativum menunjukkan kedekatan relative dengan ligan natif lebih dari 95%. Senyawa ini diprediksi mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah dengan penghambatan enzim HMG-CoA reduktase secara penambatan molekul. Kata Kunci: Buah Naga Merah, Bawang Putih, Vitamin E, Antilipidemia, Kolesterol Total  The red dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and garlic extract (Allium sativum) are able to decrease the total blood cholesterol levels in in vivo study. The molecular docking can predict the responsible compound based on the docking value. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential active substances of H. polyrhizus and A. sativum which play an important role in reducing blood cholesterol levels through the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme inhibition pathway in the in silico study. The receptor in this study was the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (PDB ID: 1HW9) with the native ligand simvastatin and prepared using YASARA. The structure of the active compound (19 compounds from H. polyrhizus and 17 compouns from A. sativum) were drawn using MarvinSketch at pH 7.4 with 10 conformations. The molecular docking process was carried out using the PLANTS program and visualized with the Discovery Studio Visualizer. The native ligand showed RMSD value of 1.5265 Å with a docking value of -79.1320. The compounds 4 and 17 in H. polyrhizus fruit and compounds 36 in A. sativum showed relative closeness with native ligands of more than 95% of the docking score. Based on molecular docking, these compounds are to be able to decrease the total blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme.
Review: Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Beberapa Tanaman dari Arboretum Garut
Authors: Yanti Puja , Subarnas Anas , Renggana Hesti
Published: February 2022

Hiperurisemia merupakan suatu kondisi berlebihnya kadar asam urat dalam darah. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena adanya kelebihan produksi asam urat dan kekurangan ekskresi asam urat, yaitu ditandai dengan kadar asam urat yang tinggi (> 7 mg/ dL). Jika hal tersebut terjadi secara terus-menerus maka akan terjadi gout arthritis. Di Arboretum Garut Terdapat banyak tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai antihiperurisemia seperti sirsak (Annona muricata L.), kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmanii), temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria), jamblang (Syzigium cumini), kersen (Muntingia calabura L.), pucuk merah (Syzigium myrrtifolium), dan salam (Syzigium polyanthum). Review jurnal ini membahas aktivitas antihiperurisemia beberapa tanaman yang berada di Arboretum Garut. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur beberapa jurnal yang didapat melalui situs google scholar, sciencedirect, Elsevier, dan sebagainya. Hasil yang didapat dari beberapa tanaman tersebut memiliki aktivitas antihiperurisemia dan tanaman yang memiliki persentase penurunan asam urat terbesar yaitu daun S. polyanthum dengan nilai persentase penurunan asam urat sebanyak 79,35%. Daun S. polyanthum memiliki potensi antihiperurisemia paling baik, sehingga perlu dikembangkan lebih banyak di Arboretum Garut. Kata Kunci: Arboretum, Asam Urat, Gout, Hiperurisemia, Tanaman Obat Hyperuricemia is a condition of excessive levels of uric acid in the blood. This can occur due to an overproduction of uric acid and a lack of uric acid excretion, which is characterized by high uric acid levels (> 7 mg / dL). If it happens continuously, gout arthritis will occur. In Garut Arboretum, there are many plants that can be used as antihyperuricemia such as soursop (Annona muricata L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii), white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria), java plum (Syzigium cumini), cotton candy berry (Muntingia calabura L.), pucuk merah (Syzigium myrrtifolium), and indian baywatch (Syzigium polyanthum). This journal review discusses the antihyperuricemia activity of several plants in Garut Arboretum. The method used is a literature study of several journals obtained from the google scholar site, sciencedirect, Elsevier, etc. The results show that several plants have antihyperuricemia activity and among those plants the S. polyanthum) have the highest reducing effect on blood uric acid with the reducing percentage of 79.35%.  The leaves of S. polyanthum plant have the best potential for antihyperuricemia, so this plant is suggested to be developed in the Garut Arboretum.
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE USE OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS BY THE LOCAL POPULATION IN THE SMART TOURISM DESTINATION
Authors: Zadel Zrinka , Šerić Honović Nikolina , Magaš Damir
Published: February 2022

Purpose – During the COVID-19 pandemic, the ways of using technology have expanded, i.e. more and more residents in their area have been using the advantages of technology development for satisfying their everyday needs. The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of mobile applications by the local population in Rijeka as a smart tourism destination. Methodology – The research will be conducted in the form of a structural questionnaire among the local population of the city of Rijeka. The extent to which the local population has been using smart technology in Rijeka before and during the pandemic will be explored. The descriptive statistics and t-test will be used to analyse the research results. Findings – The paper will determine the importance of smart technology for both locals and tourists. The analysis of the research results will define which smart technologies in the pandemic conditions make it easier for the local population to fulfil their everyday obligations, and therefore also for tourists who mainly arrive to satisfy their basic life needs. Contribution – The obtained research results will be of use to the destination management when designing the tourism product of the destination because the research will provide the information on which smart technologies are necessary to be developed in order to meet the basic needs of tourists in a destination which is safe and easy to "consume". Today, the decision to travel is primarily influenced by the protection of tourists’ health in a destination
El valor ensayístico de la entrevista en arquitectura = The essayistic value of the interview in architecture
Authors: Cantero Vinuesa Antonio
Published: February 2022

ResumenEl lugar de la historia oral dentro de la historiografía de la arquitectura moderna aún no está suficientemente entendido y, por lo tanto, su posible utilización se ha visto mermada desde la explosión en los sesenta de publicaciones que ilustraron el canon arquitectónico moderno del «medio es el mensaje». Ver en la transmisión oral de entrevistas un medio documental de memoria hablada expande el campo de producción teórica disponible. La propuesta consiste en una reflexión teórica crucial pero en gran medida olvidada: el papel de la entrevista en la práctica arquitectónica. No entrevistas de arquitectos sino entrevistas realizadas por arqui­tectos. Si la entrevista supone el entrenamiento sobre la oralidad como práctica proyectual, el propósito es tratar el valor ensayístico de una poco conceptualizada entrevista arquitectónica como instrumento intelectual frente a otras prácticas habituales; y con ello, abrir el discurso a un lugar fértil de avance en el estudio de la disciplina.AbstractThe place of oral history within the historiography of modern architecture is still not sufficiently understood and, therefore, its possible use has been diminished since the explosion in the 1960s of publications that illustrated the modern architectural canon of “the medium is the message”. Seeing the oral transmission of interviews as a documentary medium of spoken memory expands the field of available theoretical production. The proposal explores a crucial but largely overlooked question: the role of the interview in architectural practice —not interviews of architects but interviews by architects—. If the interview involves training on orality as a projectual practice, the purpose is to deal with the essayistic value of a little conceptualised architectural interview as an intellectual instrument as opposed to other habitual practices; and with this, to open up the discourse to a fertile place of progress in the study of the discipline.
Research progress in hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Yufei , Yang Guang
Published: February 2022

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are a global public health issue. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the template for the transcription of viral RNAs, is a key factor in the HBV replication cycle. Notably, many host factors involved in HBV cccDNA epigenetic modulation promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HBV cccDNA minichromosome is a clinical obstacle that cannot be efficiently eliminated. In this review, we provide an update on the advances in research on HBV cccDNA and further discuss factors affecting the modulation of HBV cccDNA. Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) contributes to HBV cccDNA transcription and the development of hepatocarcinogenesis through modulating host epigenetic regulatory factors, thus linking the cccDNA to hepatocarcinogenesis. The measurable serological biomarkers of continued transcription of cccDNA, the effects of anti-HBV drugs on cccDNA, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting cccDNA are discussed in detail. Thus, this review describes new insights into HBV cccDNA mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for cleaning cccDNA, which will benefit patients with liver diseases.
Modeling the Enhanced-Efficacy and Curing-Depth of Photo-Thermal Dual Polymerization in Metal (Fe) Polymer Composites for 3D Printing
Authors: Lin Jui-Teng , Lee Yi-Ze , Lalevee Jacques
Published: February 2022

This article presents, for the first time, the efficacy and curing depth analysis of photo-thermal dual polymerization in metal (Fe) polymer composites for 3D printing of a 3-component (A/B/M) system based on the proposed mechanism of our group, in which the co initiators A and B are Irgacure-369, and charge-transfer complexes (CTC), respectively; and the monomer M is filled by Fe. Our formulas show the depth of curing (Zc) is an increasing function of the light intensity, but a decreasing function of the Fe and photoinitiator concentrations. Zc is enhanced by the additive [B] which produces extra thermal radical for polymerization under high temperature. The heat (or temperature) increase in the system has two components : (i) due to the light absorption of Fe filler, and (ii) heat released from the exothermic photopolymerization of the monomer. The heat is transported to the additive (or co-initiator) [B] to produce extra radical R' and enhance the monomer conversion function (CF). The Fe filler leads to temperature increase, but also limits the light penetration leading to lower CF and Zc, which could be overcome by the additive initiator [B] in thick polymers. Optimal Fe for maximal CF and Zc are explored theoretically.