bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local variation in the use of out-of-home care in England: analysis of linked administrative data
Authors: McGrath-Lone Louise , Harron Katie , Dearden Lorraine , Nasim Bilal , Gilbert Ruth
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

ObjectivesIn England, approximately one in thirty children spend time in out-of-home care (OHC) by age 18.Use of OHC is known to vary across the country, which may be explained in part by ethnic group differences in the risk of being placed in OHC. This study uses linked administrative data to determine whether local variation in the cumulative proportion of children placed in OHC is explained by differences in the ethnic distribution of the local populations.

Approach Administrative social care records from January 1, 1992 to December 31, 2012 for a one-third sample of children were linked to publicly-available local authority population estimates. Two artificial birth cohorts were selected for analysis; 1992-94 and 2009-11. The cumulative proportion of children who entered OHC was calculated for each of the current 150 local authorities (the local government bodies who deliver children’s social care services). Funnel plots were used to identify local authorities with higher or lower than expected rates of entry to OHC, taking into account the size of their child population and its ethnic distribution.

ResultsOverall 3.3% of children in England born 1992-94 had entered OHC by age 18. Rates varied considerably by local authority from this national average, ranging from just 1.0% in Rutland to 6.9% in Manchester (both p<0.001). Local authority variation in rates of entry to OHC was also evident among the most recent birth cohort: while 0.8% of children born 2009-11 had entered OHC by age one, this figure varied from 0.2% in Rutland to 2.7% in Blackpool (p<0.05 and p<0.001 respectively). Indirect standardisation of rates for ethnicity did not appreciably change the cumulative percentage of children entering care in each local authority or the relative rankings of local authorities.

Conclusion There is considerable, persistent variation between local authorities in England in the rate of entry into OHC during childhood which cannot be attributed to differences in ethnic composition. Further linkage of administrative social care data to area-level data (for example, related to social care spending or indicators of social deprivation) would be useful for understanding local variation in thresholds for placing a child in OHC.
Сauses of Dizziness in Patients with Suspected Stroke
Authors: Shevchenko E. V. , Ramazanov G. R. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: November 2018

Background Acute dizziness may be the only symptom of stroke. Prevalence of this disease among patients with isolated dizziness differs significantly and depends on study design, inclusion criteria and diagnostic methods. In available investigations, we did not find any prospective studies where magnetic resonance imaging, positional maneuvers, and Halmagyi-Curthoys test had been used to clarify a pattern of diseases with isolated acute dizziness and suspected stroke.

Aim of study To clarify the pattern of the causes of dizziness in patients with suspected acute stroke.

Material and methods We examined 160 patients admitted to N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine with suspected stroke and single or underlying complaint of dizziness. All patients were examined with assessment of neurological status, Dix-Hollpike and Pagnini-McClure maneuvers, HalmagyiCurthoys test, triplex scans of brachiocephalic arteries, transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with magnetic field strength 1.5 T. MRI of the brain was performed in patients without evidence of stroke by CT and in patients with stroke of undetermined etiology according to the TOAST classification.

Results In 16 patients (10%), the cause of dizziness was a disease of the brain: ischemic stroke (n=14 (88%)), hemorrhage (n=1 (6%)), transient ischemic attack (TIA) of posterior circulation (n=1 (6%)). In 70.6% patients (n=113), the dizziness was associated with peripheral vestibulopathy: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (n=85 (75%)), vestibular neuritis (n=19 (17%)), Meniere’s disease (n=7 (6%)), labyrinthitis (n=2 (1,3%)). In 6.9% patients (n=11), the cause of dizziness was hypertensive encephalopathy, 1.9% of patients (n=3) had heart rhythm disturbance, 9.4% of patients (n=15) had psychogenic dizziness, 0.6% of patients (n=1) had demyelinating disease, and 0.6% of patients (n=1) had hemic hypoxia associated with iron deficiency anemia.

Conclusion In 70.6% patients with acute dizziness, admitted to hospital with a suspected stroke, peripheral vestibulopathy was revealed. Only 10% of patients had a stroke as a cause of dizziness.
The Results of Gastric pH-metry in Patients with Extensive Burns
Authors: Vagner D. O. , Krylov K. M. , Verbitsky V. G. , Safoyev M. I. , Shlyk I. V.
Published: November 2018

Aim of studyTo study of the role of hydrochloric acid in the genesis of stress-induced gastric ulceration in patients with extensive burns.

Material and methodsThe results of gastroscopy and endoscopic pH-metry of 30 young patients with extensive burns (19 male patients and 11 female patients). The acidity of the gastric contents was measured on day 1,7 and 14 after the trauma.

ResultsIt was found that the early period of burn disease was followed by the pH growth in the acid-producing area of the stomach to 3.8–4.2 (p=0.002–0.020). This indicated that extensive burns provoked a significant decrease of  hydrochloric acid production by parietal cells of the stomach. The restoration of the acid production occurred only 14 days after thermal injury and was not followed by the development of a hyperacid state. The frequency of erosive-ulcerative lesions detection in the gastric mucosa by the end of the first day after receiving burns was 83%, 87% on day 7, and 96% on day 14. In total, stress-induced lesions of the gastrointestinal mucosa were diagnosed in 26 of 30 patients with a shock-induced thermal injury. Consequently, in patients with burn shock the protective factors of the gastric mucosa were depressed so that a minimum amount of hydrochloric acid was sufficient to damage it.

ConclusionInhibition of acidogenic function is typical for patients with burn disease. Hydrochloric acid does not play a leading role in the genesis of stressinduced ulceration in patients with severe thermal trauma.
Massive Hemorrhages in Pregnant Women with Placenta Previa and Accreta: a Transfusiologist’s View
Authors: Fyodorova T. A. , Rogachevsky O. V. , Strelnikova A. V. , Korolyov A. Y. , Vinitsky A. A.
Published: November 2018

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate volumes of blood loss and infusion and transfusion therapy during Cesarean section in pregnant women with placenta previa and accreta.

Material and methods Тhe study group consisted of 15 patients with placenta previa and accreta. The delivery period was 32–36 weeks. We used clinical and laboratory techniques and special methods of investigation. The analysis of pregnancy course, bleeding volumes, infusion and transfusion therapy, hemostasis system parameters and hemogram was carried out.

Results Тhe mean age of pregnant women was 33.8±4.3 years. All pregnant women underwent fundal Cesarean section. In 80% of women, we performed Cesarean section and metroplasty. In 20% of women, Cesarean section and hysterectomy were performed. The volume of intraoperative blood loss ranged from 750 ml to 6,000 ml and averaged 2,471.4±1,528.5 ml. The volumes of crystalloid solutions were 1,361.53±1,052.40 of Sterofundin, and 688.4±123.5 ml of other solutions. In 80% of patients, Gelofusine was administered (969.66±351.86 ml on the average), as well as Geloplasma (620.8±124.8 ml on the average). The volume of HES solutions 6% 130/04 was 744.4±120.45 ml on the average. FFP in the amount of 1,526.7±762.83 ml was transfused to 60% of women. The mean dose of tranexamic acid was 2.6±0.84 g. The factor rFVIIa was administered in three patients in the dose of 90 mcg/kg. Prothrombin complex concentrate 1200 IU was administered in three patients. The volume of reinfused autoerythrocytes was 793.7±424.17 ml on the average. The volume of donor red blood cells during the operation amounted to 775.12±120.2 ml.

Conclusion Pregnant patients with placenta previa and accrete represent a high-risk group for the development of massive coagulopathic bleeding and postoperative complications. These patients should deliver on a routine basis at the high-tech institutions of obstetric care. The adequate, timely infusion and transfusion maintenance of surgical intervention with this pathology, using modern blood-saving technologies, transfusion of sufficient volumes of blood components, inhibitors of fibrinolysis, coagulation factors, modern balanced crystalloid and colloidal solutions plays a important role in implementation of organpreserving tactics.
Pandangan Holistik Manusia Sebagai Akar Pengembangan Inovasi Konseling
Authors: Bastomi Hasan
Published: November 2018

Humans are holistic beings, aspects of human life can be classified into four main aspects, namely physical, mental, social, and spiritual. In this paper aims to find out the concept of holistic guidance and counseling services as an innovation in the field of counseling. As a counselor should make holistic counseling as a foundation for the development of counseling innovation, so that in counseling practice can view human as holistic in terms of humanity, problem complexity and cooperation among counselor team since searching data, and look for conclusions on the data (diagnosis), create a plan of action (treatment planning), and perform treatment measures (treatment), evaluation process, until termination (termination).
Demographic and family-related predictors of online gaming addiction in adolescents
Authors: Pawłowska Beata , Potembska Emilia , Szymańska Jolanta
Published: November 2018

Introduction. Dependence on the Internet and online games is a growing problem worldwide. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between girls and boys as well as between adolescents living in urban vs. rural areas in regard to prevalence of playing online games, the amount of time devoted to playing games, the severity of symptoms of online gaming addiction, and preferences for game genres. Also, significant predictors of online game addiction in the studied group of young people were identified. Material and methods. The study involved 827 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. When it comes to 488 (60.02%) of them, they lived in the countryside and 325 (39.98%) in a city. The following instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Online Gaming Addiction Questionnaire and the Disturbed Family Relations Questionnaire, all developed by Pawłowska and Potembska. Results. Statistically significant differences were found between girls and boys and between adolescent urban and rural dwellers in prevalence of playing online games, severity of online gaming addiction symptoms, preferences for specific game genres, and the amount of time spent playing online games. Conclusions. 1. Significantly more boys than girls played online games. Boys devoted more time to playing and had more severe symptoms of addiction to online games. 2. Adolescent city dwellers spent significantly more time playing online games, mainly to relieve boredom and experience new sensations, than young people living in the countryside. 3. Major predictors of online gaming addiction included male gender, urban residence, domestic violence, mother’s child-raising rules being challenged by the father, and the child’s sense of responsibility for his/her parents.
Medical doctrines at the turn of the 18th and 19th c. and their philosophical foundations
Authors: Płonka-Syroka Bożena
Published: November 2018

The turn of the 18th and 19th c. is a period in the history of medicine where the division of the main modernisation course in clinical medicine was made. Two competing movements were distinguished at that time: physical, the foundations of which referred to the philosophy of the English and French Enlightenment (the so-called Medical Enlightenment) and romantic, which was critical of the philosophy and attempted to base the foundations of medicine on German idealism. The rivalry began in 1797 when the basis of the romantic movement was determined and ended in 1849 when the movement was removed through administrative channels from universities in German Protestant states. Then, the unification of the theoretical foundations of clinical medicine in Europe took place, while the epigones of the romantic movement were included in the area of alternative medicine by academic communities. Both of the movements involved dozens of medical doctrines, which strove to solve practical therapeutic problems in relation to different theories. The aim of the article is to present the rivalry between both modernisation movements on the basis of my earlier studies, the results of which were included in the publications from 1990-2016, and references with particular emphasis on the role of therapeutic doctrines and their philosophical foundations.
Specificity of Students’ Technological Training in Finland and Great Britain
Authors: Androshchuk Iryna , Androshchuk Ihor
Published: November 2018

The specificity of students’ technological training in Finland and Great Britain has been considered. It has been found that the state policy of foreign countries is aimed at providing students with professional knowledge, work skills and combining comprehensive and professional training. Specific attention has been paid to the subjects and courses in foreign countries, which are equivalent to the course on technological training. It has been indicated that establishing connections between school, industry and production is one of the important conditions for improving technological training. The specificity of students’ technological training in Finnish schools at different levels of education has been characterized. Indeed, the level of education defines the character of technological operations differentiation based on the materials of manufactured products; gradual introduction of professional and polytechnical optional and specialized courses, whose volume corresponds to regional conditions; organization of visits to production, agricultural and forestry enterprises; active participation of students in professional production, which contributes to acquiring practical experience in the chosen production area. It has been revealed that Finnish schools pay particular attention to the importance of proper facilities and resources and fully equipped workshops, namely joiner’s shops, locksmith shops, tailor’s shops, fully equipped teaching kitchens and canteens. It has been revealed that technological training of students in Great Britain is characterized by their active involvement into field experience; establishment of mini-enterprises based on comprehensive schools; centralization in solving the main objectives in the field of students’ technological training. It has been stated that the mini-enterprises in schools contribute to strengthening the relations between school and the labour market. The common form of students’ technological training is industrial placement and the main method is project-based learning.
Concepts of Teacher Education Development in Europe
Authors: Pliushch Valentyna
Published: November 2018

The article analyzes global trends in the development of teacher education with the aim to improve the education system in Ukraine and presents a comparative and pedagogical study on the concepts of teacher education development in Europe, in particular Great Britain and Germany. It was found that conceptual and methodological fundamentals of modern foreign pedagogy were constantly updated and adjusted. In West European pedagogy, the most common concepts of teacher education development are rationalistic, conservative and neohumanistic (phenomenological) ones. It was specified that rationalistic and traditional concepts of intellectual development were appropriate for the individuals who were reluctant to engage in cognitive activities and needed constant external stimuli. The phenomenological concept is humanistic-oriented and prioritizes personal learning targeted at individual self-realization and defines a learning environment to be a unique catalyst for successful learning. In Great Britain and Germany, open learning is one of the leading forms in realizing the phenomenological concept. Theoretical principles of open learning are related to the philosophy of existentialism, which emphasizes the need to create relevant conditions for learning so that students may freely realize their individual needs. Despite the fact that the concept of open learning is still under development and primarily describes the basic guidelines for education development and the issue of its practical implementation has not beet fully disclosed yet, it appears as a fundamental strategy for modern education. The main principle of open learning is individualization of the education process. Individual skills of students determine the content, methods, forms and tools of learning since the pedagogy of modern teacher education in England is based on them. It was noted that the system of distance education in Ukraine was under development too. However, it may become rather promising provided that Ukrainian educators have taken into account positive aspects of relevant foreign experience and combined the most advanced distance learning technologies with the most effective technologies and methods of traditional classroom learning. West European experience in developing higher teacher education can be implemented in Ukraine provided that the most effective traditions of the national teacher education have been preserved and, therefore, can adjust them to the modern international standards.
Leadership Development among Universities in Kosovo: Challenges and Alternatives
Authors: Shala Arif , Baliqi Bekim
Published: November 2018

This article analyses the potential impact of leadership development initiatives on the quality of higher education institutions in Kosovo. Taking into account the fact that leadership is a crucial factor in improving management and performance of institutions, it is necessary to develop and integrate it into the higher education system. Current developments in the education have proven that leadership development in universities is no longer an option, it is instead a necessity. This development takes place at the beginning of teachers’ carrier and aims to assist them in developing leadership skills they need to lead schools in the future. School leaders who are considered to be successful at leading tend to make sure that their staff have access to workplace learning and training with many schools providing sets of professional learning activities which ensure the development of leadership skills. This approach emphasises tasks related with student achievements, staff performance, curriculum development and data analysis. It has been defined that the development of leadership that rests on organisation theory is hindered by numerous current challenges at the universities in Kosovo. These challenges are: lack of networking and cooperation, lack of planning and, ultimately, the lack of management and leadership skills. While higher education institutions in Kosovo face many challenges, we assume that they could enhance academic quality and overall student achievements by increasing leadership capacities. In the context of transition of the university role, the demand for leadership development is a need for carrying out university reforms and achieving educational advancement. Thus, the development of leadership skills is more a necessity than an option for higher education institutions to prepare students appropriately for the new era. It has been substantiated that practices such as multisource feedback, action learning and coaching have proven to be useful and their application could increase leadership capacities of educational institutions that are built on organisational approaches and theories concerning enhancement of their quality.
Genesis and Nature of Moral and Legal Norms. Leon Petrażycki’s Naturalistic Solution
Authors: Dąbrowski Andrzej
Published: November 2018

The aim of the paper is to examine the nature of moral and legal norms in a broader context: first, taking into account logical and methodological assumptions, second, in the perspective of psychology of emotions and legal policy. The basic subject of the research carried out by Leon Petrażycki was represented by law. Originally, it had a psychological character, not an objective, eternal, and unchanging one. To fully understand the genesis and nature of morality and law, Petrażycki addressed the study of mental phenomena, especially emotional experiences. First, however, he developed appropriate rules of logic and scientific methodology. Then he developed a new classification of mental phenomena, among which the fundamental role is played by bilateral (passive-active) emotions. At some stage, emotions begin to cooperate with cognitive processes, first of all with imaginations. Imaginations of acts, such as theft, betrayal, murder, can cause repulsive emotions, and type imaginations, such as truthfulness, charity, justice can evoke apulsive emotions. On the basis of such associations, judgments are created over time, the content of which becomes a basis for fundamental rules of conduct, that is, for norms. There are two fundamentally different types of norms: moral norms and legal norms. The norms of the first type are imperative and represent the nature of validity (they are obeyed), while the norms of the second type are imperative-attributive and they also always entitle someone to something, i.e. they give someone a right. This division determines a fundamental difference between morality and law.
Truth and Adequacy. Remarks on Petrażycki’s Methodology
Authors: Woleński Jan
Published: November 2018

The paper discusses the concept of adequacy central for Pertażycki’s methodology. According to Petrażycki any valuable scientific theory should be adequate, that is, neither limping (to broad with respect its actual scope) nor jumping (too narrow with respect to its actual scope). Consequently, adequacy of a theory is a stronger condition than its truth. Every adequacy theory is true, but not conversely. However, there is problem, because scientific laws are conditionals (implications). This suggests that adequacy is too strong conditions, because the consequence of an implication has a wider scope than its antecedent. Thus, laws should have the form of equivalence. The paper shows how model-theoretic characterization of theories allows to recognize truth and adequacy, consistently with Petrażycki’s claims.
The Emotivism of Law. Systematic Irrationality, Imagined Orders, and the Spirit of Decision Making
Authors: Mróz Adrian
Published: November 2018

he process of decision making is predictable and irrational according to Daniel Ariely and other economic behaviorists, historians, and philosophers such as Daniel Kahneman or Yuval Noah Harari. Decisions made anteriorly can be, but don’t have to be, present in the actions of a person. Stories and shared belief in myths, especially those that arise from a system of human norms and values and are based on a belief in a “supernatural” order (religion) are important. Because of this, mass cooperation amongst strangers is possible.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFESSORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Rossi FORESTO-DEL COL Denise , Pereira REAL Ana Caroline , Maria LUPATINI Isadora
Published: November 2018

A Síndrome de Burnout ou Esgotamento Profissional trata-se de uma resposta ao estresse ocupacional crônico, caracterizada pelo esgotamento total das energias do indivíduo. Dessa forma, essa pesquisa objetivou investigar indicadores da Sí­ndrome de Burnout em professores do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola da rede pública municipal. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa de campo quantitativa, cujo procedimento adotado foi a aplicação do Questionário Sociodemográfico e também do questionário Maslach Burnout Inventory - versão para professores. Os instrumentos foram aplicados a 16 professores conforme o critério de inclusão que consistia em lecionar no mí­nimo três dias na instituição citada. Os resultados indicaram que 56,25% dos docentes apresentaram a Sí­ndrome de Burnout instaurada, bem como prevaleceram níveis altos de Exaustão Emocional (75%) e Despersonalização (81,25%), e nível baixo em Realização Profissional (68,75%). A profissão docente está entre as profissões que mais oferece condições para o desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Burnout e, mediante os dados levantados, verificou-se que os resultados são preocupantes, o que torna imprescindí­vel o papel do psicólogo organizacional, a fim de promover saúde e qualidade de vida no trabalho.
New Approaches to Literacy: Multiliteracies, Functional and Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Thi Kim Chi Nguyen
Published: November 2018

This paper aims to introduce a new perspective on literacy (reading and writing) as a result of our ever-changing world, i.e. multiliteracies. In the social setting where information and communication technology is developing rapidly and effective communication requires more than mastering linguistic knowledge, traditional literacy is no longer appropriate. Accordingly, traditional literacy teaching practices are not adequate to meet the needs of the modern society. Therefore, calls for reforms in literacy teaching and learning have been supported in many countries. Functional and Critical pedagogies are being increasingly applied throughout in the world. However, little attention to these pedagogies have been paid in Vietnam. This paper attempts to call for a change in literacy education in Vietnam by introducing contemporary approaches to literacy applied in the world with the purpose of providing teachers with more pedagogical choices in their classrooms in an effort to improve students’ literacy competence, which can help them integrate well into the globalized world of knowledge era.

Keywords

Literacy, Multiliteracies, Functional pedagogy, Critical pedagogy

References

Kalantzis, M., Cope, B., Chan, E., & Dalley-Trim, L., Literacies (Second edition), Cambridge University Press, Port Melbourne, VIC, Austalia, 2016.[2] Hyland, K., Teaching and researching writing (Third edition), Routledge, New York, London, England, 2016.[3] Anstey, M., & Bull, G., Helping teachers to explore multimodal texts. Curriculum Leadership Journal, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.curriculum.edu.au/leader/helping_teachers_to_explore_multimodal_texts,31522.html?issueID=12141[4] Perry, K. H., What Is Literacy? -A Critical Overview of Sociocultural Perspectives. Journal of Language and Literacy Education 8, (2012) 50.[5] Pham, T. T. H., Một số đề xuất để đổi mới dạy học đọc hiểu văn bản trong nhà trường phổ thông. Tạp chí Khoa học 56, (2014) 166.[6] Infonet, Cách dạy văn hiện nay tạo cho học sinh thói nói dối (Today's literacy edcation gets students into the habit of 'telling lies'), 2014. Retrieved from https://infonet.vn/cach-day-van-hien-nay-tao-cho-hoc-sinh-thoi-noi-doi-post128772.info[7] Baomoi.com., Cô giáo bày tỏ ước mong thoát khỏi cách dạy Ngữ văn nhồi nhét chạy theo thi cử (A teacher's desire for 'escaping' from transmission pedagogy of literacy), 2018. Retrieved from https://baomoi.com/co-giao-bay-to-uoc-mong-thoat-khoi-cach-day-ngu-van-nhoi-nhet-chay-theo-thi-cu/c/26099668.epi[8] Derewianka, B., & Jones, P., Teaching language in context, ERIC, 2016.[9] Kim, S. J. (2012). Critical literacy in East Asian literacy classrooms. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 11, (2012) 131.
Termoplastik matrisli karbon elyaf takviyeli kompozit malzemelerin kaynaklanmasında indüksiyonla ısıtmanın etkileri
Authors: OLGUN Öner Haşim , ÇAVDAR Uğur
Published: November 2018

Termoplastik matrisli kompozitler, mekanik özelliklerinin yanında üretim maliyetleri ve çevresel nedenlerle gün geçtikçe daha çok tercih edilmektedir.  Üretim sürecini kısaltarak tasarruf sağlamak üzere ısıtma prosesinin hızlandırılması amacıyla, indüksiyonla ısıtma yönteminin termoplastik matrisli kompozitler üzerindeki etkileri önemli bir araştırma konusu oluşturmaktadır.  Bu çalışmada indüksiyonla ısıtma yöntemi ile termoplastik matrisli kompozit malzemenin geometrisine bağlı olarak istenilen bölgesini, karbon elyaf takviye elemanının ısıl iletkenlik özelliğini kullanarak mevcut teknolojilere göre daha hızlı şekilde yüksek sıcaklıklarda şekillendirilmesine yönelik değişken ve parametreler incelenecektir.  Çalışmada öncelikle indüksiyonla ısıtma yöntemine ilişkin temel bilgiler verilmiş, daha sonra ısıtma prosesine etkiyen unsurlar ve esaslar ile son olarak yöntemdeki parametrelerin değiştirilmesi halinde malzeme üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konmuştur.  Çalışmanın, indüksiyonla ısıtma yöntemi ile termoplastik matrisli kompozitlerin üretiminde daha düşük maliyetli proseslerin oluşturulmasına yönelik araştırmalara kaynak olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
Spying on Neuronal Membrane Potential with Genetically Targetable Voltage Indicators
Authors: Grenier Vincent , Daws Brittany , Liu Pei , Miller Evan
Published: November 2018

Methods for optical measurement of voltage dynamics in living cells are attractive because they provide spatial resolution surpassing traditional electrode-based measurements and temporal resolution exceeding that of widely-used Ca2+-imaging. Chemically-synthesized voltage-sensitive dyes that use photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) as a voltage-sensing trigger offer high voltage sensitivity and fast response kinetics, but targeting chemical indicators to specific cells remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we present a new family of readily functionalizable, fluorescein-based voltage sensitive fluorescent dyes (sarcosine-VoltageFluors) that can be covalently attached to a genetically-encoded cell surface receptor to achieve voltage imaging from genetically defined neurons. We synthesized four new VoltageFluor derivatives that possess carboxylic acid functionality for simple conjugation to flexible tethers. The best of this new group of dyes was conjugated via a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) linker to a small peptide (SpyTag, 13 amino acids) that directs binding and formation of a covalent bond with its binding partner, SpyCatcher (15 kDa). The new VoltageSpy dyes effectively label cells expressing cell-surface SpyCatcher, display good voltage sensitivity, and maintain fast response kinetics. In cultured neurons, VoltageSpy dyes enable robust, single-trial optical detection of action potentials at neuronal soma with sensitivity exceeding genetically encoded voltage indicators. Importantly, genetic targeting of chemically synthesized dyes enables VoltageSpy to report on action potentials in axons and dendrites in single trials, tens to hundreds of micrometers away from the cell body.
Luminescent Water Dispersible Microporous Polymeric Nanospheres
Authors: James Alex , Derry Matthew , Train Jennifer , Dawson Robert
Published: November 2018

Water-dispersible porous polymeric dispersions (PPDs) have been synthesised by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer mediated polymerisation-induced self-assembly (RAFT-mediated PISA). The core-shell particles posses a microporous core formed from divinylbenzene and fumaronitrile while the outer polyethylene glycol shell enables the particles to be dispersible in a wide range of solvents. The PPD was shown to have a heirarchical structure of small primary nanoparticles within larger, well-defined aggregates of 220 nm as measured by electron microscopy and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and exhibited a surface area of 274 m2/g. Furthermore these samples were found to be fluoresent and demonstrate selective detection of harmful nitroaramatics in solution with extremly low limits of detection, 169 ppb for picric acid, as well as possessing a CO2 uptake of 1.1 mmol/g at 273 K.
Analysis on the Efficiency of Technology Innovation of Listed Companies in China's Machinery Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Ren Ye
Published: November 2018

on the basis of the definition of technological innovation and efficiency, based on the DEA method, this paper takes the panel data of 20 listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2015 as samples, evaluating the technological innovation efficiency of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry. Finally, it sums up and puts forward effective countermeasures to improve the technological innovation of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry. It is hoped that it will play a guiding role in the technological innovation activities of listed companies in China's machinery manufacturing industry.
Research on Influences of Employment in Manufacturing Industry on that in the Service Industry Based on Bayes Model
Authors: Sun Yue
Published: November 2018

Using the data of 285 prefectural and the above-level cities from 2004 to 2016, this thesis reveals the impact of employment in China's urban manufacturing industry on the employment of service industries with the Bayesian model. Under the Bayesian framework, partial linear semi-parametric model is proposed.  The nonlinear functions are fitted by using truncation base cardinal spline and considering the random error terms of mixed normal fitting models. The results show that: employment in the urban manufacturing industry in China has significant influence on the employment in the service industry. When the number of employees in the manufacturing industry changes from 0 to 650,000, the manufacturing industry has less influence. When the number of the employees in the manufacturing industry changes from 650,000 to 900,000, the employees of the service industry will dramatically increase. When the number of the employees in the manufacturing industry is more than 900,000, the employees in the service industry will be prone to stable growth.
Analysis of Influencing Factors Tourists’ Purchase Decision-making Behavior in Kunming
Authors: Feng Bin , Chen Hua , Li Qinglei , Li Wei
Published: November 2018

Based on the theory of consumer behavior, this paper analyzes the current situation of tourism shopping market in Kunming, and analyzes the decision-making behavior of tourists shopping in Kunming with the questionnaire survey, and clarifies the influencing factors of the decision-making behavior of visitors to Kunming. In the future, the influencing factors of Kunming tourists' shopping decision-making behavior are combined with the current situation of Kunming's tourism shopping market. The problems of cheating-induced shopping, the high price of shopping products, the low level of tourism shopping experience and the imperfect after-sales service are analyzed. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from four aspects: rectifying the tourism shopping market, establishing a sound price supervision mechanism, strengthening the tourism shopping experience, and improving after-sales service.
The relationship between foreign policy and international cooperation for development: the case of Colombia, 2002-2015
Authors: Duarte-Herrera Lisbeth Katherine , Pedraza-Beleño Jose Adolfo
Published: November 2018

International cooperation and foreign policy are two non-exclusive topics in the international relations of any State, especially for countries developing (PVD) as Colombia. In the following study it aims to present the relationship existing between cooperation international to the development (CID) and political foreign from the review of them Governments of Álvaro Uribe Vélez and Juan Manuel Santos Calderón, one genesis of the other, but distanced in matter of foreign policy. It is carried out a study of type exploratory, qualitative based on analysis documentary of sources specialized. As relevance, it stands that the Government of Juan Manuel Santos has made efforts for the restoration of diplomatic relations with neighbors and reach other continents. This certainly makes more changes than continuities in relation to ex-president Álvaro Uribe, strengthening international cooperation in addition to development as one of the pillars that help address the internal problems.
A broader understanding of fuel poverty from capability approach: towards a characterization built from the bottom-up
Authors: Pellicer-Sifres Victoria
Published: November 2018

This paper seeks to contribute to a better understanding of fuel poverty, and to include the vision of people who are suffering the problem. To do this, using the capability approach and a qualitative fieldwork, we propose a conceptual framework to rethink and redefine the phenomenon, in order to: i) link the problem with social justice and with vulnerability; ii) broaden the spectrum of causes and link them with personal, social, environmental and structural issues; iii) understand the consequences as the deprivation of a series of capabilities, operations and agency that prevent people from living the life they value. Moving towards this broader understanding is relevant, as the first step to design more effective policies aligned with the perceptions and aspirations of people in fuel poverty.
Vocational High School Quality Viewed from Teacher Competencies
Authors: Lolo Yat Wawan
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThis study aims to describe the competence of productive teachers of Vocational High School in North Morowali Regency in terms of four teacher competencies. This research is a descriptive study, conducted in four accredited Vocational High Schools in North Morowali District. The respondents were 178 students. Data were collected through documentation and questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively by display in the form of data categories and graphs. The results showed: (1) pedagogic competence of teacher equal to 66,76% with high category, professional competence of teacher equal to 77,92% including high category, teacher personality competence equal to 78,66% including high category, teacher social competence equal to 79,82 % including high category.Keywords: teacher, vocational, competenceÂ
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL IPA MATERI ORGAN PERNAPASAN MANUSIA MELALUI MODEL SNOWBALL THROWING PADA SISWA KELAS V SD 5 GONDANGMANIS KUDUS
Authors: Murtiani Tri
Published: November 2018

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menguji penerapan model Snowball Throwing dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sosial Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam materi organ pernapasan manusia pada siswa kelas V SD 5 Gondangmanis Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Rancangan penelitian dilaksanakan melalui tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleki. Penelitian dilaksanakan dua siklus dengan masing-masing siklus terdiri atas dua pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah guru dan siswa kelas V SD 5 Gondangmanis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan sosial siswa pada siklus I sebesar 74,14% dengan kategori tinggi. Pada siklus I rata-rata aktivitas siswa memperoleh skor 23,53 dengan persentase 73,51% (cukup baik), siklus II meningkat menjadi 27,03 dengan persentase 84,45% (baik). Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I nilai rata-rata ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 68,42%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata ketuntasan belajar klasikal mencapai 84,21% serta hasil rekapitulasi pengisian angket keterampilan sosial siswa sebesar 90,20% pada kategori sangat tinggi.Simpulan penelitian yaitu penerapan model Snowball Throwing terbukti dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sosial Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam materi organ pernapasan manusia pada siswa kelas V SD 5 Gondangmanis Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017.
High rates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among asylum seekers and refugees admitted to Helsinki University Hospital, 2010 to 2017
Authors: Aro Tuomas , Kantele Anu
Published: November 2018

Introduction

Antimicrobial resistance is increasing rapidly in countries with low hygiene levels and poorly controlled antimicrobial use. The spread of resistant bacteria poses a threat to healthcare worldwide. Refugees and migrants from high-prevalence countries may add to a rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in low-prevalence countries. However, respective data are scarce.

Methods

We retrospectively collected microbiological and clinical data from asylum seekers and refugees treated at Helsinki University Hospital between January 2010 and August 2017.

Results

Of 447 asylum seekers and refugees (Iraq: 46.5%; Afghanistan: 10.3%; Syria: 9.6%, Somalia: 6.9%); 45.0% were colonised by MDR bacteria: 32.9% had extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE), 21.3% meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 0.7% carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), 0.4% multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA), 0.4% multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB); no vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) were found. Two or more MDR bacteria strains were recorded for 12.5% of patients. Multivariable analysis revealed geographical region and prior surgery outside Nordic countries as risk factors of MRSA colonisation. Young age (< 6 years old), short time from arrival to first sample, and prior hospitalisation outside Nordic countries were risk factors of ESBL-PE colonisation.

Conclusion

We found MDR bacterial colonisation to be common among asylum seekers and refugees arriving from current conflict zones. In particular we found a high prevalence of MRSA. Refugees and migrants should, therefore, be included among risk populations requiring MDR screening and infection control measures at hospitals.
Tick-borne encephalitis in Europe, 2012 to 2016
Authors: Beauté Julien , Spiteri Gianfranco , Warns-Petit Eva , Zeller Hervé
Published: November 2018

Since 2012, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a notifiable in the European Union. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control annually collects data from 28 countries plus Iceland and Norway, based on the EU case definition. Between 2012 and 2016, 23 countries reported 12,500 TBE cases (Ireland and Spain reported none), of which 11,623 (93.0%) were confirmed cases and 878 (7.0%) probable cases. Two countries (Czech Republic and Lithuania) accounted for 38.6% of all reported cases, although their combined population represented only 2.7% of the population under surveillance. The annual notification rate fluctuated between 0.41 cases per 100,000 population in 2015 and 0.65 in 2013 with no significant trend over the period. Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia had the highest notification rates with 15.6, 9.5 and 8.7 cases per 100,000 population, respectively. At the subnational level, six regions had mean annual notification rates above 15 cases per 100,000 population, of which five were in the Baltic countries. Approximately 95% of cases were hospitalised and the overall case fatality ratio was 0.5%. Of the 11,663 cases reported with information on importation status, 156 (1.3%) were reported as imported. Less than 2% of cases had received two or more doses of TBE vaccine.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Librelotto Lisiane Ilha , Ferroli Paulo Cesar Machado
Published: November 2018

Editorial
ENTREVISTA
Authors: Luzia Santa
Published: November 2018

Entrevista
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE SUCATAS DE SMARTPHONES E RECUPERAÇÃO DE METAIS DE PLACAS DE CIRCUITO IMPRESSO
Authors: Da Silveira Tamires Augustin , Moraes Carlos Alberto Mendes
Published: November 2018

Resumo de TCC
ECO-DESIGN E LOGÍSTICA REVERSA: UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE A AFINIDADE EXISTENTE ENTRE OS TERMOS
Authors: Hammes Gabriela , Souza Eduarda Dutra de , Rodriguez Carlos Manuel Taboada
Published: November 2018

A população mundial iniciou um processo de conscientização ambiental e busca por produtos com uma abordagem mais verde. O Eco-Design é uma das principais práticas na confecção de produtos ambientalmente corretos que influencia o processo produtivo dentro da cadeia de suprimentos, incluindo a Logística Reversa – prática exigida pela legislação brasileira em determinados segmentos de mercado. Neste artigo, realiza-se uma pesquisa teórica sobre a união dos termos logística reversa e o eco-design com o objetivo de buscar afinidade existente entre os termos na literatura. O método utilizado foi a revisão de literatura por meio de uma busca em bases de dados com palavras-chave pré-determinadas. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se inexpressividade na sinergia existe entre os termos eco-design e logística reversa. Elaborou-se uma proposta de classificação dessas práticas verdes na cadeia de suprimentos verde estabelecendo um sistema de afinidade entre elas.
Apenas questão de gênero?
Authors: Moser Antônio
Published: November 2018

Síntese: As discussões sobre gênero se encontram mais acesas do que nunca. Por isso mesmo, merecem atenção. Para uma abordagem equilibrada convém partir dos mistérios do corpo e da sexualidade. Apesar das aparências em contrário, corpo e sexualidade são realidades dinâmicas, sujeitas a mudanças mais ou menos constantes. As biotecnologias acentuam ainda mais essa possibilidade de mudanças até há pouco, ou espontâneas ou efetivadas através de meios mais ou menos convencionais. Por isso mesmo, não podem ser ignoradas. A questão mais importante parece apontar para um diálogo sereno, através do qual se consiga mergulhar um pouco mais profundamente na condição humana. Toda radicalização tende a distorcer a realidade. A busca de um equilíbrio é fundamental neste momento em que a tentação dos reducionismos se faz presente em todas as realidades humanas. E o equilíbrio é encontrado na medida em que se valoriza tanto o esse, quanto o fieri: o que muda e o que permanece.Palavras-chave: Gênero. Corpo. Sexualidade. Biotecnologias. Alterações.Abstract: Discussions on gender are livelier than ever. For this very reason, they deserve our attention. For a balanced approach, we should start with the mysteries of the body and of sexuality. Despite appearances to the contrary, the body and sexuality are dynamic realities, subject to more or less constant change. Biotechnology further highlights this possibility of changes that until recently were either spontaneous or effected through more or less conventional means. Thus, they cannot be ignored. The most important issue seems to point to a serene dialogue, through which we can dive a little deeper into the human condition. Every radicalization tends to distort reality. The search for a balance is crucial at this time when the temptation of reductionism is present in all human realities. But the balance can only be found in so far as we can value both the esse and the fieri: i.e, that which changes and that which remains.Keywords: Gender. Body. Sexuality. Biotechnologies. Changes.