bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of palm oil sustainability certification on village well-being and poverty in Indonesia
Authors: Santika Truly , Law Elizabeth , Wilson Kerrie A , St. John Freya A. V. , Carlson Kimberly , Gibbs Holly , Morgans Courtney L , Ancrenaz Marc , Meijaard Erik , struebig matthew
Published: January 2020

The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) has emerged as the leading sustainability certification system to tackle socio-environmental issues associated with the oil palm industry. To date, the effectiveness of RSPO certification for achieving its socioeconomic objectives remains uncertain. We evaluate the impact of certification on village-level well-being across Indonesia by applying counterfactual analysis to multi-dimensional government poverty data. We compare poverty across 36,311 villages between 2000 and 2018, tracking changes from before oil palm plantations were first established to several years after plantations were certified. Certification was associated with reduced poverty in villages with primarily market-based livelihoods, but not with those in which subsistence livelihoods were dominant before switching to oil palm. We highlight the importance of baseline village livelihood systems in shaping local impacts of agricultural certification, and assert that oil palm certification in certain village contexts may require additional resources to ensure certification’s socioeconomic objectives are realised.
Soft Power to Whom? A Critical Analysis of the Publicity Film "CPC (Communist Party of China) is With You Along the Way" in Relation to China’s Soft Power Project
Authors: Xin Xin
Published: January 2020

The existing literature on China’s soft power is mainly concerned with its success or failure, ignoring the ideological tensions between the Chinese state's international pursuit of soft power and its efforts at reviving the popularity of socialist ideology at home in a country profoundly transformed by modernisation and globalisation processes. This article argues that such ideological tensions should be contextualised and critically analysed by employing an approach informed by critical globalisation studies, particularly by the power-to-whom critique. It offers a critical analysis of the CPC is With You Along the Way film, a notable recent example of the CPC’s publicity videos in the context of its pursuit of soft power. Borrowing Reisigl and Wodak’s discourse-historical approach (DHA) in addition to the analytical devices for the study of ideology from Eagleton and van Dijk, the article argues that CPC is With You Along the Way illustrates a shift in the party’s ideological approach to the question ‘(soft) power to whom?’.
Leakage Detection In Pipeline Using Wavelength
Authors: Ghazali M.F Ghazali , Samta A K
Published: January 2020

Nowadays natural gas transport and distribution is a complex and currently growing and increasing. Natural gas produced from well need to transport in a great distance before reaching it point of use. The pipeline is designed to quickly and efficiently transport the gas from its origin to the high demand area. Either pipelines transportation for water supply or natural gas, leakage is unacceptable problem. Small leak along the pipeline is hard to detect. The objective of this study is to build the test rig galvanized iron and MDPE pipelines. Besides that, the main objective is to determine the leak detection in gas pipeline using wavelet-based filtering. . Main point of each journal is compared in order to determine the problems arise from the previous research. It is then follow by the methodology which will discuss further in this chapter. From methodology, it is known that the data taken can be analysing through Daisy Lab and Math lab software  Wavelet and cross correlation is used to analyse the signal in Matlab. From the result, it show that the leak can be identified based on the peak of amplitude of the signal. The result for galvanized iron pipe is not acceptable due to short pipeline length. Thus it can be concluded that leak can be determined using wavelet-based filtering. As the conclusions, the propose technique can be used to determine the leak in pipelines
Design of Low Flow Undershot Type Water Turbine
Authors: Setyawan E. Y. , Djiwo S. , Praswanto D. H. , Suwandono P , Siagian P.
Published: January 2020

Many water sources around us which have kinetic energy to run waterwheels are not optimally utilized. This energy can be converted into an energy source that can produce electricity. Therefore this study produced a design of a waterwheel that could be used in low-flow rivers to produce electricity by adding generators. Waterwheel modeling using Ansys is calculated based on flow assumptions. Modeling using this system provides advantages in the form of computational power efficiency, the stability of numerical calculations and the accuracy of the resulting solutions. Numerical analysis of the waterwheel is assumed that the waterwheel is half floating on the surface of the water. As stated in the limitation of the problem that the incoming water flowing at a speed of 5 m/s from the flow moves the wheel. The flow rate of water that hit the blade on the waterwheel causes the waterwheel to rotate which is pressured by the flow of water with a number of 12 blades. With a relatively simple design, the waterwheel produces a wheel rotation I of 91 Rpm and II of 78 Rpm, with a torque of 39.2 N by using some analysis of this design can be applied to river flow with low flow velocity. The relatively simple design makes it easy to be produced and maintenance. River flow used is in the Malang District with a flow velocity of 1 m/s gets a power of 1128 W on waterwheel I while on waterwheel II gets a power of 967 W.
Empowerment of Small Businesses through The Implementation of Qardhul Hasan Financing
Authors: Machfudz Masyhuri , Kamila Nahdhiatun
Published: January 2020

The research aims to describe Qardhul Hasan financing and recognize the problems faced in micro businesses in the city of Malang. The study was conducted on two research objects. The first study was on a used motorcycle dealer business that received Qardhul Hasan during the 2016-2018 period. The second study in 2019, was the implementation of Qardhul Hasan in small-scale creative economy traders, whose source of funding came from 2.5 percent of profits from used motorcycle dealers. The results showed that the implementation of Qardhul Hasan financing was quite profitable. Qardhul Hasan who is allocated to the creative economy group indicates a feeling of happiness and calm because loan repayments are not burdened with costs, besides having flexibility from the time of repayment. Economic actors managed to collect savings from repaying loan installments. Qardhul Hasan funding received a reasonably good response from economic actors. Qardhul Hasan loan recipients should be able to maintain trust and uphold the agreements that have been built. This study has implications for the development of Qardhul Hasan, namely strengthening the concept of Qardhul Hasan as loan financing, and strengthening groups for small businesses to run the Qardhul Hasan management mechanism JEL Classification:  D14, Q21, G51
Loopings of Love and Rage: Sitting in the Trouble
Authors: Salverson Julie , Penner Bill
Published: January 2020

In a historical moment of ecological grief and generative possibility, we need to find resources to witness others and ourselves and to develop relational ways to stay in the trouble. This article examines particular troubles and opportunities—#MeToo, settler-indigenous relations, the violent judgements of social media, and particular classroom experiences—and asks how settler Canadians might re-learn our own traditions and uncover ways to live what Tim Lilburn calls being “undivided from one’s earth.” Julie Salverson uses herself as an example and looks at her Christian and Quaker activist roots and discusses her experiences as a teacher and writer making public claims in messy, contested situations. In the face of spiritual hunger, guilt, and confusion, what will it take to cultivate mutual respect and embrace the loopings of love and rage?
Drama as Methodology for Coast Salish Language Revitalization
Authors: Sadeghi-Yekta Kirsten
Published: January 2020

This article analyses theatre project ‘Hul’q’umi’num’ Heroes: Reclaiming Language through Theatre’, which aims to stem the decline of the Hul’q’umi’num’ language by bringing traditional stories about heroes to life in dramatic performances that spark and hold the interest of language speakers, language learners, and the general public. The territory of the Hul’q’umi’num’ people extends along the Salish Sea from Nanoose to Malahaton Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. Today, around forty fluent first-language speakers remain, mostly over the age of 60, and thus Hul’q’umi’num’ is considered an endangered language. However, among the population of over 6,000 Hul’q’umi’num’, there are many people who desire to learn the language or improve their fluency. By embarking on the next step—turning traditional stories into theatre—the wproject is hoping to bring the language to the eyes and ears of the community, and, for the participants, it will possibly help unlock their ability to speak Hul’q’umi’num’. This article argues that applied theatre can be used to effectively address concerns pertaining to—in this case—the indigenous community the language revitalization work is meant to benefit, even though there are multiple challenges that stand in the way of such a process. The work has a strong focus on traditional and playful artistry and on consensus.
Recalibrating Performance at rEvolver Festival
Authors: Griffith Anna
Published: January 2020

The rEvolver Theatre Festival selects edgy work and pushes mainstream boundaries. Their selection in 2018 highlighted political and social issues smoldering and erupting across Canada. This review reflects on the work of Yolanda Bonnell and Raïna von Waldenburg, as well as a collaboratively created piece by Jivesh Parasram, Tom Arthur Davis, Donna-Michelle St. Bernard, and Adele Noronha.
Advanced-High Strength Steels
Authors: Demeri Mahmoud Y.
Published: January 2020

Advanced High-Strength Steels: Science, Technology, and Applications examines grades, types, microstructures, thermal processing, deformation mechanisms, properties, performance, and applications of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). The book introduces the drivers and solutions for building lighter, safer, and more efficient automobiles and how using AHSS accomplishes weight reduction, fuel economy, and crash safety. The complex interrelationship between AHSS composition, processing, microstructure, and mechanical properties is reviewed. Design guidelines, manufacturing hurdles, advanced forming, sustainability, and evolving grades of AHSS are also discussed in the book. For information on the print version, ISBN: 978-1-62708-005-7, follow this link.
Heterogeneidad de la integración laboral en Colombia: diferencias según el sexo y la pertenencia étnica de desplazados forzados y otros migrantes internos
Authors: Suárez Johana Navarrete , Masferrer Claudia
Published: January 2020

Este artículo analiza las diferencias en la integración económica de migrantes internos, hombres y mujeres, tanto voluntarios como forzados, según su pertenencia étnica en Colombia. Utilizando información de la Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida para el periodo de 2012 a 2016, se estiman una serie de modelos estadísticos que explican tres dimensiones de integración económica: la participación laboral, la posición en el empleo y el nivel de ingresos percibidos mensualmente. Aplicando el marco analítico de la interseccionalidad, este estudio da cuenta de diferentes procesos de integración en poblaciones heterogéneas donde se intersectan la condición migratoria, la pertenencia étnica y el sexo como formas de identidad. Los resultados sugieren que la población desplazada muestra los resultados más desventajosos en las tres dimensiones. Sin embargo, dentro de este grupo las mujeres afrodescendientes y los hombres indígenas experimentan las condiciones más precarias de inserción laboral.
KADIN MUHASEBE MESLEK MENSUPLARINA YÖNELİK MESLEKİ TÜKENMİŞLİĞİN İŞ-AİLE ÇATIŞMASI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TR90 BÖLGESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TOSUNOĞLU Büşra , ERTAŞ Fatih Coşkun
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı; kadın muhasebe meslek mensuplarına yönelik mesleki tükenmişliğin iş-aile çatışması üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda bir model oluşturularak yapısal eşitlik modeliyle analizler yapılmıştır. Modelin testi için üç hipotez oluşturulmuş ve TR90 (Artvin, Giresun, Ordu, Gümüşhane, Trabzon ve Rize) bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren kadın muhasebe meslek mensuplarına bir anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma ölçeği olarak Maslach ve Jackson (1981) tarafından geliştirilen ‘Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ve Netemeyer vd. (1996) tarafından geliştirilen ‘İş Aile Çatışması Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre mesleki tükenmişliğin alt boyutlarından kişisel başarının iş-aile çatışmasını büyük oranda artırdığı söylenebilmektedir. Ayrıca mesleki tükenmişliğin duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma boyutlarının da iş-aile çatışmasını artırdığı çalışmanın diğer sonuçlarını oluşturmaktadır.
MUHASEBEDEKİ ELEKTRONİK GELİŞMELERİN MUHASEBE MESLEK ETİĞİNE ETKİSİ: KIRIKKALE İLİNDEKİ MUHASEBE MESLEK MENSUPLARININ BAKIŞ AÇISI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÇITAK Fatma , DERYA BASKAN Tuba
Published: January 2020

Çalışma, anket uygulaması yöntemiyle
muhasebede elektronik gelişmelerin muhasebe meslek etiği davranışına etkisi ile
ilgili Kırıkkale Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odasına kayıtlı muhasebe
meslek mensuplarının görüşlerinin tespit edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç
olarak, katılımlarının %56'ı e-dönüşüm uygulamalarının meslek etiği davranışını
etkileyeceğini, %72'sinin e-dönüşüm uygulamasının mesleki özeni
destekleyeceğini, %56'sı e-dönüşüm uygulamalarında çalışanların altyapı
eksikliğinin muhasebe meslek etik davranışını etkilediğini, %55'i ise
çalışanlara e-dönüşümle ilgili eğitim verilmemesinin muhasebe meslek etiği
anlayışını etkilediğini ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca yapılan faktör analizi
sonucunda 15 değişken 3 faktör tarafından açıklanabileceği belirlenmiş ancak
demografik özelliklere göre herhangi bir farklılık  tespit edilememiştir.
A STUDY OF ONLINE HOMEWORK MANAGERS ON STUDENT LEARNING AND SATISFACTION IN ACCOUNTING COURSES
Authors: TÜREL Ahmet , FURR Daniel
Published: January 2020

Online homework managers allow instructor to assign
and collect homework online; the systems then grade the homework and enter the
grades into the instructor’s grade book automatically. This paper addresses the
question whether the use of OHMs in accounting courses affects student learning
and satisfaction. The regression results provide some evidence that students
doing online homework regularly scored significantly higher on final exams. In
addition, with the adaptation of the OHMs, students were found to be more
satisfied with the course. These findings show that the use of OHMs can help
students learn accounting concepts better. Our results are likely to be of
interest to many accounting faculty members who continue to use traditional
teaching methods.
Existe-t-il une plus-value du lactate artériel comparé au lactate veineux dans la prise en charge des patients infectés aux urgences ?
Authors: Contenti J. , Occelli C. , Lemoel F. , Levraut J.
Published: January 2020

Introduction: La mesure du lactate est une étape cruciale dans l’évaluation des patients septiques aux urgences. Bien que la référence soit le prélèvement artériel, celui-ci est inadapté à la médecine d’urgence, et le prélèvement veineux semble être une alternative potentielle. Ce travail s’est intéressé à décrire la concordance entre Lact-A et Lact-V, et à comparer l’apport pronostique du Lact-A comparativement au Lact-V chez les patients infectés aux urgences.

Matériels et méthode: Étude de cohorte prospective observationnelle menée au centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice entre 2015 et 2017. Ont été inclus les patients présentant une suspicion d’infection avec au moins deux critères cliniques de SIRS. Le lactate a été mesuré de manière concomitante par prélèvement veineux et artériel.

Résultats: Au total, 354 couples Lact-A/Lact-V ont été analysés. Le biais moyen entre les valeurs artérielles et veineuses était de 0,65 ± 0,89 mmol/l, avec des limites d’agrément à 95 % de –2,4 + 1,1 mmol/l. Un Lact-V supérieur à 2,3 mmol/l permettait de confirmer un Lact-A supérieur à 2 mmol/l avec une sensibilité de 94,1 % (IC 95 % : [87,8– 97,3]) et une spécificité de 91,7 % (IC 95 % : [87,6–94,5]). De plus, un Lact-V inférieur à 2 mmol/l permettait de confirmer un Lact-A inférieur à 2 mmol/l avec une VPP de 99 %. L’apport pronostique du Lact-V était globalement similaire au Lact-A mais restait relativement faible.

Conclusion: La lactatémie veineuse apporte des arguments équivalents pour l’évaluation pronostique des patients infectés aux urgences. Par ailleurs, un Lact-V inférieur à 2 mmol/l permet d’affirmer un Lact-A normal permettant de surseoir au prélèvement artériel.
CENÁRIO DO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO AOS ALUNOS SURDOS NAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE URUÇUÍ-PI
Authors: Gomes da Costa Felix , Sousa da Costa Vanessa , De Sá Costa Sousa Isabela , Antônio Rodrigues Miguel
Published: January 2020

Durante muito tempo as pessoas surdas foram tratadas como seres humanos improdutivos, cujo encaminhamento de integração à sociedade estava voltado para o oralismo. No Brasil, somente em 2002 foi assegurada em legislação específica a Língua Brasileira de Sinais como a primeira língua dos surdos, sendo a língua portuguesa a segunda. Atualmente as instituições de ensino devem ofertar serviços educacionais especializados voltados à integração dos surdos no ambiente escolar. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o espaço escolar das Escolas Públicas do Município de Uruçuí-PI quanto à estrutura física e de pessoal para o suporte aos alunos surdos, associando essa estrutura ao acesso, permanência e êxito desses estudantes. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida através da aplicação de questionários semiestruturados aos gestores das nove escolas públicas localizadas na zona urbana de município de Uruçuí-PI. Os resultados mostraram que os alunos surdos são matriculados nessas escolas, porém o acompanhamento com suporte de pessoas e com estrutura tecnológica para a inclusão efetiva desse público não acontece da forma como reza a legislação, como se verificou que não existe intérprete de libras nas salas de aulas onde há pessoas surdas matriculadas. Da mesma forma, foi constatado que não existe na configuração dessas escolas ações positivas suficientes para promover a inclusão dos alunos surdos; o que as escolas fazem é apenas promover o aluno para o ano seguinte sob a alegação de amparo legal assistido a esses alunos, o que mostra desconhecimento da complexidade do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, o qual deve ocorrer de forma gradativa em todas as dimensões do ser humano.
Surgical treatment of mechanical complications following acute myocardial infarction. A Case Series.
Authors: Bucaj Jorgjia , Prifti Edvin
Published: January 2020

Background: Acute myocardial infarction can result in ischemic, mechanical, arrhythmic, embolic or inflammatory complications. Despite high operative mortality, the lack of an effective and immediate medical alternative makes the surgery repair the mainstay of current management for these patients. Novel surgical approaches are presented to manage these complications.

Main body: Mechanical complications presented at the Department of Cardiac Surgery-Tirana University Medical Centre consisted in nine cases during the period January 2008-June 2018: two anterolateral papillary muscle rupture cases (22%), one posteromedial papillary muscle rupture case (11%), two ventricular septal rupture cases (22%),  one free ventricle wall rupture case (11%),  three chordae tendineae rupture cases (33%), four out of nine patients (44,5%) underwent concomitant CABG intervention. Intra operator mortality is estimated 11% (one out of nine cases). The Department of Cardiac Surgery-Tirana University Medical Centre is limited only in open surgery techniques for repair the post myocardial infarction mechanical complications. To our personal view key reasons for these results are conditioned from lack of medical devices, trained stuff, reliable short and long outcome data from alternative procedures in order to incorporate thus in our daily practice. Further studies should be undertaken not only to create a precise image of the situation, but also to evaluate the results of the possible changes. 

Key words: Acute myocardial infarction, mechanical complications, papillary muscle rupture, ventricular septal rupture, free ventricle wall rupture, CABG intervention.
Time and Season Incidence of Complicated Colorectal Cancer
Authors: I. Iordanov , V. Uzunova , P. Uchikov , L. Podnov , A. Sakakushev , B. Sakakushev
Published: January 2020

Colorectal cancer complications are seldom analyzed for occurrence through day and night, working days and weekends, as well as throughout seasons. We hypothesized that information and analysis of high/low complicated colon cancer incidence in the above mentioned terms can improve our preparedness and manage better the resources for superior outcomes. Therefore we performed a retrospective study/2010 – 2018/ of 165 patients with complicated colorectal cancer operated on emergently or urgently in the Second Clinic of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv, Medical University Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Safety in Road Comunication and Role of Pre –Hospital Emergency Service
Authors: Bajrami Isuf
Published: January 2020

Traffic accidents are leading cause of death in the most productive age group - 20-45 years of age. 20 - 50 milion people in the world are left with injuries and disability caused by traffic accidents.

Half of those who loose their life in traffic accidents are active participants - pedestrians, bicycle and motorcycle drivers. Unless preventive measure are taken, it is expected that by year 2030, traffic accidents with be the 7-th leading cause of death in the world. Large number of traffic accidents is caused by a variety of factors and the result is a relatively large number of victims left with disability and material loss. This number can be lowered with proper laws and practices.
A very rare complication of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Primary Aortoduodenal Fistula without gastrointestinal bleeding.
Authors: Xhepa Sokol , Bejko Ervin , Kosovrasti Denis , Sopiqoti Marsela , Llazo Stavri , Xhemali Astrit , Vila Frenki , Xhelili Eliona
Published: January 2020

An abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) is an enlargement of the lower part of the aorta that extends through the abdominal area.The diameter of the aneurismatic vessel is represented by 3 cm or more in either anterior – posterior , or transverse planes.

The developpement of Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex, multifactorial process involving destructive remodeling of aortic wall connective tissue. Four interrelated factors involved in this process include: (1) chronic inflammation associated with neovascularization and increased proinflammatory cytokine production, (2) increased and dysregulated production of matrix-degrading proteinases, (3) destruction of structural matrix proteins, and (4) decreased medial smooth muscle cell (SMC) presence, resulting in impaired connective tissue repair. This understanding has developed from a characterization of human AAA tissue, as well as the use of different animal models that replicate human disease.

The  mortality of ruptured AAA is set between 40 – 70% in patients that manage to arrive alive in the emergency room,  and that of 90% in overall patients confirmed with rAAA in the autopsy results.

A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) represents a disruption of a dilated aortic wall that leads to blood outside the aortic wall.
USING AUTOMATED BATTERY REPLACEMENT STATIONS FOR THE PERSISTENT OPERATION OF UAV-ENABLED WIRELESS NETWORKS DURING NPP POST-ACCIDENT MONITORING
Authors: Kliushnikov Ihor Mykolaiovych , Fesenko Herman Viktorovych , Kharchenko Vyacheslav Serhiiovych
Published: January 2020

Motivation. After the Fukushima, nuclear power plant (NPP) accident, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless network (UEWN) is considered to be used for transmitting the data from monitoring stations (MSs) to the crisis center (CrS) during NPP post-accident monitoring missions. Nevertheless, the popular lightweight UAVs have an endurance of about 20–40 minutes only. The last fact presents a significant barrier to use a UEWN in complex, long-term NPP post-accident monitoring missions. The subject matter of the paper is the process of ensuring the persistent operation of UEWN. This paper aims to propose an approach to ensuring the persistent operation of UEWN during NPP post-accident monitoring missions via automatic battery replacement stations (ABRSs). The objectives of the paper are: to propose a scheme of deployment of a UEWN with ABRSs for the given scenario; to give an example of the proposed scheme application for persistent transmitting the data from a MS to the CrS during Zaporizhzhia NPP (ZNPP) post-accident monitoring missions; to discuss an example of the proposed scheme application. The following results were obtained. A simplified scheme of deployment of a UEWN with ABRSs for transmitting the data from the MS to the CrS during NPP post-accident monitoring missions was developed and described. Two segments within the UEWN were considered: 1) Wi-Fi segment, comprising the WiFi equipment of the MS, the onboard WiFi equipment of the UAVs of a multi-rotor type (MUAVs), and onboard WiFi equipment of the UAV of an airplane-type (AUAV); 2) LoRaWAN segment, comprising the LoRaWAN equipment of the AUAV and the LoRaWAN equipment of the CrS. An example of deployment of a UEWN with ABRSs for transmitting the data from an MS of ZNPP to the CrS was given and described. A shift schedule for 2 MUAV fleets ensuring the persistent operation of the UEWN during post-accident ZNPP monitoring missions was built and analyzed. It was evaluated how the flight distance for the MUAV between its location point in the WiFi segment and the ABRS effects: the duty time for the MUAV fleet; the waiting time for the MUAV to flight to the point of its location in the WiFi segment; the number of the MUAV fleets for ensuring the persistent operation of the UEWN. The new research will aim at developing a scheme of deployment of the UEWN with ABRSs for several WiFi segments
ОСЦИЛОГРАФІЧНИЙ МЕТОД ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ФАЗОВОГО ЗСУВУ НА БАЗІ ДВОНАПІВПЕРІОДНОГО ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ
Authors: Губін Сергій Вікторович , Тишко Сергій Олександрович , Забула Олег Євгенович , Черниченко Юрій Миколайович
Published: January 2020

The subject matter of the article is the oscilloscope methods of measuring the phase shift of two harmonic signals, after carrying out their two-half-period transformation and summing. The goal is to develop ways to implement an oscilloscope method of measuring the phase shift of two harmonic signals, which will significantly reduce the component of measurement error caused by phase non-symmetry of the transmission channels, by reducing their length. Analyze the measurement error for each of the methods for determining the phase shift of two harmonic signals using their two-half-periodic transformation. The tasks: statement of measurement problem of determination of phase shift of two harmonic signals; analysis of known oscilloscope methods of phase shift measurement, development of methods for implementing the oscilloscope method based on the analysis of the characteristics of the total signal obtained during the two-half-period transformation; estimation of measurement errors for each method. The methods used are the methodology for estimating measurement errors in indirect measurements. The following results were obtained. Methods for implementing an oscilloscope measurement method using the total signal after a two-half-period transformation based on the analysis of temporal characteristics and local extrema of this signal are proposed. The list of measuring operations that implement each method is defined. The analysis of the components of measurement errors was performed and the degree of correlation was determined. Synthesized ratios for the calculation of measurement error. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is the following: an oscilloscopic method has been developed that will allow reducing substantially the component of the error caused by phase non-symmetry of the signal transmission channels; obtained ratios for the implementation of the oscilloscope measurement method using two-half-period conversion; obtained ratios to calculate the standard deviation of the total measurement error in each of the proposed methods.
ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATION OF ELECTROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SURFACE BY ITS OWN MICROWAVE RADIATION
Authors: Abramov Alexander Dmitrievich , Krupka Andrei Vyktorovych , Nosko Valentin Igorevich , Sobkolov Anton Dmitrievich
Published: January 2020

Reliable estimation of the electro physical parameters of surfaces using radiometric equipment is an actual area of remote environmental monitoring. The disadvantage of the procedures developed today for assessing the indicated properties of surfaces according to their own thermal radiation, prevents their practical use.In the framework of the statistical theory of detection-measurement based on the results of processing radiometric signals during multichannel reception, an identification method is developed and a decision-making rule were synthesized in favor of any of the hypotheses put forward about the values of the parameters of the observed surface.The methodology for solving the problem and the inherited identification rule meet the criterion of maximum likelihood. A distinctive feature of the synthesized decision-making rule: critical statistics based on the eigenvalues of the covariance observation matrix under multichannel reception conditions. The implementation uses standard computing operations.Moreover, a distribution density of critical statistics obtained because tabulated solving the problem. This circumstance makes it possible to set the required value of the significance level “apriori”, therefore, the value of the comparison threshold.Certification of the synthesized test is the rules for deciding in favor of the hypothesis about a given value of the components of the Fresnel reflection coefficient. It was carried out at the level of digital statistical modeling. The significance level was set equal to 0.05 and 0.1. Based on the simulation results, there were analyzed the dependence of the number of correct decisions (the fulfillment of the corresponding hypothesis) on the signal-to-noise power ratio for a given angular parameter of the signal.The performance characteristics obtained at the level of digital statistical modeling of the developed test confirmed, firstly, the conclusions of theoretical studies. Secondly, they give specialists in the field of development of radiometric systems the opportunity to evaluate both the effectiveness of synthesized tests at various numerical values of the probability of an error of the first kind and the complexity of their practical implementation.
Independence Conservation and Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Holloway Eric
Published: January 2020

Leonid Levin developed the first stochastic conservation of information law, describing it as "torturing an uninformed witness cannot give information about the crime."  Levin's law unifies both the deterministic and stochastic cases of conservation of information.  A proof of Levin's law from Algorithmic Information Theory is given as well as a discussion of its implications in evolutionary algorithms and fitness functions.
Divergent Series and Its Assigned Value in a Hyperreal Context
Authors: Van der Reijden Bas
Published: January 2020

This letter discusses the deep connection between the infinite sum of natural numbers and the value -1/12. Aside of more widely known facts, we consider a nontrivial way in which we show the veracity of this connection; more precisely this concerns the BGN method \citep{bgn} applied on the so-called damped oscillated Abel summed variant of the series. Moreover, we have found a generalization of this method which `correctly' assigns finite values to other divergent series. We conclude with some questions concerning whether and how we can analytically relate our hyperreal terms to frame the method in a more justifiable and applicable context.
Cohort fertility of Polish women, 1945–2015: the context of postponement and recuperation
Authors: Tymicki Krzysztof , Zeman Krystof , Holzer-Żelażewska Dorota
Published: January 2020

The article is a follow-up and an extension to previously published papers by Holzer-Żelażewska & Holzer (1997) and Holzer-Żelażewska & Tymicki (2009). Fristly, we have added new cohorts to the cohort analysis based on the individual data from births registration for the years 2009–2015. Secondly, we have extended the scope of the study by taking into account the context of postponement and recuperation to analyses of cohort fertility of Polish women.

The approach applied to the fertility postponement and recuperation on the cohort data refers to the method which was originally proposed by Frejka (2011) and Lesthaeghe (2001) and further developed by Sobotka et al. (Sobotka et al., 2011). This method allows for calculation of fertility postponement and recuperation measures with respect to a benchmark cohort chosen as the one that first experiences an onset of the increase in the mean age of motherhood at first birth.

The results show the remarkable changes in the fertility patterns in Poland. The main driving forces behind the change in fertility patterns in Poland are related to the postponement of first births along with a relatively good recuperation. The magnitude of recuperation for Polish cohorts dropped significantly for second births and was almost non-existent for third and higher births. Therefore, the pattern of fertility in Poland observed till 2015 could be characterized by postponement and recuperation of first births along with a significant decrease in second births with perpetual postponement of third and higher births.
Paclobutrazol in the cultivation of Adenium obesum
Authors: Takane Roberto , Oliveira Lamartine , Moreira José , Guimarães Marcelo
Published: January 2020

In floriculture, more specifically in the segment of ornamental packaged plants, Adenium obesum has gained popularity. This is due to the important role it plays in the market of ornamental plants. Although its aesthetic standardization as a potted plant has not been defined yet, studies with focus on reducing its size are necessary. Thus, this paper aimed at evaluating the effects of different doses of the vegetal growth retardant paclobutrazol (PBZ) in Adenium obesum plant development and quality, in order to enable a differentiated product for the market of flowers and potted plants. The experiment was conducted in a vegetation house in randomized complete blocks with four repetitions. Six treatments were provided, that is, one single application of: 5; 10; 20; 40 and 80 mL of the active ingredient of PBZ, and the control treated with water only. For the biochemical evaluations, we verified the effect of treatments for the anthocyanin variable, with PBZ impairing the concentration of anthocyanin present in leaf tissues. The dose of 80 mL of PBZ reduced the length of aerial part in 37.29% in relation to the control. Despite the decrease observed in the plant final size, the phytotoxic effects caused by PBZ prevented its utilization in the Adenium obesum commercial production.
The Relationship of Maternal Health Conditions on the Utilization of Maternity Waiting Homes for Maternity Motherhood
Authors: Zufrizal  , Ida Yustina  , Asfriyati
Published: January 2020

Maternity Waiting Homes is a regional government program that aims to reduce maternal mortality. But in reality, there are still many people who do not utilize this facility. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of maternal health conditions on the utilization of maternity waiting homes for maternity motherhood. This research is an explanatory survey research with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal health conditions and the utilization of the maternity waiting house for maternity motherhood in Langkat Regency (p = 0.027).
Implementación de una aplicación informativa cultural - educativa mediante Shiny para la provincia de Chimborazo
Authors: Paredes Castelo Lourdes Emperatriz , Pilco Ninabanda Danny Israel , Manzo Moreira Beatriz del Carmen , Rodríguez Mayorga Mariana Johanna
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de la investigación, fue implementar una plataforma tecnológica a través del uso del software gratuito R-Shiny para promocionar los atractivos turísticos de los diez cantones de la provincia de Chimborazo en el Ecuador. La investigación fue de campo, bibliográfica, y se realizó un estudio descriptivo con la ayuda de una encuesta que determinó las potenciales temáticas culturales a ser promocionadas siendo prioritarias: la educación, gastronomía, turismo, tradiciones y danzas tradicionales. Además, se determinó la aceptación que tuvo la aplicación informática y cuáles fueron las expectativas con los usuarios. Mediante el análisis estadístico de la información obtenida con R-Shiny; se incentivó y potenció la sustentabilidad y sostenibilidad del proyecto, buscando incrementar el mercado cultural y turístico de la provincia de Chimborazo. A través de la promoción, se contribuyó a la generación de empleo y el desarrollo social, cultural y económico. Es decir, que se tuvo como resultado, que la ciudadanía prefiere la sección turística y gastronómica; estableciéndose que el 78,2% de las personas encuestadas consideran que la provincia carece de impulso turístico, lo cual justifica la creación de la aplicación y se garantiza su sostenibilidad.
Serum immunoglobulins and anti-pneumococcal antibody levels in patients with bronchiectasis of unknown aetiology
Authors: Norhazlin Mustafa , Wahab Asrul Abdul , Hamid Mohd Faisal Abdul , Hamid Hamzaini Abdul , Harunarashid Husyairi
Published: January 2020

Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition which can result in significant physical and social morbidity. The exact prevalence in Malaysia is unknown although several studies have shown a higher prevalence in the Asian population. Several causative factors have been identified but there are many patients with unknown aetiologies. This study looks into the level of serum immunoglobulins and antipenumococcal antibody in bronchiectasis patients where they were not part of prior routine investigations.

Methodology: Four hundred fifteen bronchiectasis patients were screened and 26 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for this study. The serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) concentrations were measured using nephelometry and interpreted according to age-matched reference range. The integrity of antibody production against specific antibody to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae were assessed using ELISA method and the level of ≥ 10mg/L is considered as reactive.

Results: The twenty six bronchiectasis patients have the mean age of 62 years and a predilection of female gender. Majority of patients presented with typical bronchiectasis symptoms which were further supported by radiological findings. One of 26 patients (4%) had low total serum IgG level. The vaccinated group has higher anti-pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antibody level (median: 224.2 mg/L) compared to the unvaccinated group (median: 100.4 mg/L). However there is no statistical difference between the anti-PCP levels of both groups (p> 0.05). All of the selected patients had reactive specific antibody to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae regardless of the vaccination status, which may reflect the natural acquisition of anti-pneumococcal immunity.

Conclusion: Although immunoglobulin deficiency is an uncommon aetiological cause of bronchiectasis, the immunoglobulin parameters can be helpful in selecting patients who should receive the appropriate treatment of immunoglobulin therapy for the prevention of subsequent complications and better quality of life.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.200-207
Factors Influencing the Subjective Symptoms of Submandibular Gland Sialolithiasis
Authors: Min Hyun Jin , Lee Sei Young , Yang Hoon Shik , Kim Kyung Soo
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting subjective symptoms, especially pain and swelling in submandibular gland sialolithiasis.

Methods: We analyzed the computed tomographic (CT) findings of submandibular gland sialolithiasis (stone size/location/ number) and assessed white blood cell (WBC) (neutrophil/absolute neutrophil count) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to elucidate the correlation with subjective symptoms, especially swelling and pain.

Results: Of the 82 patients, 45had a solitary stone. Thirty seven patients experienced pain and 73 patients had swelling. The number, location and size of the calculi were not associated with symptoms, especially pain and swelling. From logistic regression analysis, WBC (p=0.048) and the percentage of neutrophils (p=0.027) were associated with the presence of pain, but not swelling.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to observe that both the location and size of stone are not significantly related to subjective symptoms, especially pain and swelling in submandibular gland sialolithiasis.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.240-244
Emotional Substrates in Neuroticism: The Reactions to Arousal-evoking Stimuli of Various Strengths
Authors: Yusoff Nasir , Reza Faruque , Anuar Nik NurAzhani , Ahmad Roslee
Published: January 2020

Objective: Neuroticism is a medical condition associated with negative affect and is considered to predispose one to mental disorders. This study examined the effectsof arousal-evoking stimuli of various strengths on the severity of neuroticism.

Materials and Methods: In the Event Related Potential (ERP)/electroencephalograph (EEG) recording session that was held at the Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory at a local hospital, Electroencephalogram was recorded in 58 participants (N=29 for moderate neuroticism and 29 for mild neuroticism) after they were screened for the severity of the neurotic trait. Universal emotional pictures were chosen randomly from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) and were used as visual stimuli in the experiment. Visual stimuli weredivided into three categories (high, moderate, low) based on the IAPS normative mean values of arousal.

Results: The significant interaction effect of P300 latency between neuroticism and arousal strength was found in the mid-frontal region. Meanwhile, independent of neuroticism, the main effects of arousal strength of the P300 (amplitude and latency) and N200 (latency) were observed in the mid-central region.

Conclusion: There is a significant interaction between the severity of neuroticism and the emotional arousal strength, thus, points to the implication of the emotion process in the brain rewards system especially among individuals with neuroticism.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.262-267
Mothers Initial Challenges Having Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Bangladesh
Authors: Upoma Tanjina Farhana , Moonajilin Mst Sabrina , Rahman Md Estiar , Ferdous Most Zannatul
Published: January 2020

Background: Autism, one of the most widespread problems in the world, is rising alarmingly in Bangladesh day by day. Over the most decade autism has become one of the most visible and articulated social issues in Bangladesh. Besides, in our country, journey of a mother with a special child is a challenge.

Objectives: To find out the experiences and challenges of mothers having children with ASDs.

Materials and Methods: The study was based on case study method where 20 mothers were selected purposively from Dhaka division. Data was collected using an open ended questionnaire and in depth interviews.

Results: In this study though majority of the mothers reported having a typical pregnancy with little or no complications. Majority of the mothers had no knowledge about autism before. The average age of children when they diagnosed was 2.9 years. In response to their initial reactions to diagnosis of their child, mothers reported the following emotional states: shock, depression, self-blamed, sadness. Prayer was a clear coping strategy for parents of an autistic child. Most of the mothers reported passing many days with depression and frustration. All the mothers were satisfied with the activities of the current special school.

Conclusion: Mothers reported about their most challenging part of raising their autistic child were to manage their hyperactivity and social interaction. They realize a strong familial and social support are necessary as it was found as a key factor in adjusting and coping a mother to her challenging life with her autistic child.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.268-272
The Correlation Between Blood Parameters as Early Detection on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) in Children
Authors: Rahmasari Farindira Vesti , Wijayanti Dwi , Khaerani Nurul
Published: January 2020

Background: Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) is a severe manifestation of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and affects more children and young adults. The age of susceptibility to DSS is 5-15 years old, due to an imperfect immune system. DHF patients with manifestations of DSS have propensity that can affect the platelet and hematocrit values as an initial laboratory parameter.

Objective: This study is intended to find out the most effective platelet and hematocrit blood parameters and to find the correlation between platelet values and hematocrit on the incidence of DHF in Wirosaban Hospital of Yogyakarta Municipality in the period f March 2015 to July 2016. The data used were secondary data from medical records of pediatric patients aged 5-15 years old. Material and Methods: The research method used was to determine the correlation between platelet values and hematocrit on the incidence of DHF and DSS in children. Data analysis used chi-square to determine the correlation between platelet values and hematocrit on the incidence of DHF and DSS in children.

Results and Discussion: In this study, the number of samples that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 74 on platelet examination while in the hematocrit examination there were 77 that met the criteria. The results of chi-square test for platelet examination obtained p value> 0.05, which means there was no significant correlation between platelet counts and the incidence of DHF, DHF grade II, and DSS. The results of the chi-square test analysis on hematocrit examination obtained p <0.05, which means that there was a significant correlation between hematocrit values and the incidence of DHF and DSS and it obtainedd r = 0.707.

Conclusions: In this study the increase in hematocrit is one of the parameters to detect DHF with propensity to DSS.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.273-277