bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-hospital delay in Vietnamese patients hospitalized with a first acute myocardial infarction: A short report
Authors: Nguyen Hoa L. , Phan Dat T. , Ha Duc A. , Nguyen Quang N. , Goldberg Robert J.
Published: August 2015

Background Administration of coronary reperfusion therapy to patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) within the proper timeframe is essential in avoiding clinical complications and death. However, the extent of pre-hospital delay is unexplored in Vietnam. This report aims to describe the duration of pre-hospital delay of Hanoi residents hospitalized with a first AMI at the Vietnam National Heart Institute. 

Methods A total of 103 Hanoi residents hospitalized at the largest tertiary care medical center in the city for first AMI, who have information on  prehospital delay was included in this report.

Results One third of the study sample was women and mean age was 66 years. The mean and median pre-hospital delay duration were 14.9 hours and 4.8 hours, respectively. The proportion of patients who delayed <6 , 6-<12, and ≥ 12 hours were 45%, 13%, and 42%, respectively.

Conclusions Our data shows that a prolonged pre-hospital delay is often observed in patients with a first AMI in Vietnam. In order to confirm these findings, a full-scale investigation of all Hanoi residents hospitalized with first AMI is needed. Increasing public awareness about AMI treatment is vital in encouraging patients to seek medical care timely after experiencing AMI symptoms such that received treatment is most effective.
Urban/Suburban Park Use: Links to Personal Identity?
Authors: Jordan Rebecca , Sorensen Amanda , Clark Daniel
Published: August 2015

Public greenspaces provide an opportunity for community members to engage with the outdoors. In many locations, however, parks are under used. In an effort to gauge the potential for outdoor interaction and ecosystem education, we conducted a survey of residents from a central New Jersey, USA, county. Our correlation analysis indicated that park use could be related to socioeconomics and in particular education, environmental literacy, pet ownership, outdoor enjoyment and preferred environment. Variables relating to mood and other personal characteristics were more strongly associated with individual identity characteristics. Through multivariate analyses, we offer an organizing framework that can help tailor outdoor greenspace improvement/restoration and programming to identity categories. These categories are a combination of where an individual lives, enjoyment of the outdoors, education and socio-economics, sense of community, institutional trust, and pet ownership.
Prioritizing Energy Sources to Generate Electricity (Application of Fuzzy Logic)
Authors: Hashemlou Bahareh , Sadeghi Hossein , Masaeli Arashk , Hajian Mohammadhadi , Javaheri Shima
Published: August 2015

Organizations, institutions, and different sectors of manufacturing, services and agriculture are constantly making decisions. Each of the aforementioned sectors, have strategies, tactics, and various functions that play a basic role in reaching the objectives. On the other hand, energy demand in developing countries is increasing day by day. The exact calculation of the cost per unit of electricity generated by power plants is not easy. Therefore, this study according to four sources of natural gas, nuclear energy, renewable energy and other fossil fuels other than natural gas that are used in a variety of electricity production plants is trying to clarify the ranking of generation electricity approach using "fuzzy preference relations" analysis. Accordingly, three models were used and the results showed that natural gas, with regard to the four criteria of low investment cost, low power, lack of pollution and the safety and reliability of electrical energy has priority over other alternatives. Full preferred model results also suggested that the energy of natural gas, renewable energies, nuclear and other fossil fuels should be considered in a priority for power generation. Sensitivity analysis results moreover demonstrated that the above models are not affected by the threshold values ​​and the full stability of the models is observed.
100 Most Cited Articles in Urban Green and Open Spaces: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Rakhshandehroo Mehdi , Yusof Mohd , Ebrahim Nader , Sharghi Ali , Arabi Roozbeh
Published: August 2015

Researchers have contributed significantly to the development of the subject of urban green and open spaces (UGOS) in both practical and fundamental aspects. As the number of citations indicates a paper and author’s competency, the online web of science (ISI) was browsed to identify the 100 most cited papers in the field of UGOS from 1980 to 2013. Papers were analyzed for authorship, journal sources, publishers, institutions, countries, year of publication, categories, and author keywords. The total number of citations was compared to the average number of citations per year. From 1105 UGOS papers returned, the maximum number of citations was 212. The top 100 most cited were published from 1988 to 2011, with the majority in 2007. A remarkable distinction was found in the comparison of total citations and average citations per year. As total linear trend indicates a significant growth in influential articles, urban green and open spaces are a developing subject in landscape and urban planning. This study gives an insight into the readership of UGOS by highlighting key papers.
Climate Change and Project Risk: A Mutual Effect in Case of Electrical Tansmission Line Installation Project
Authors: Parihar Shwetank , Bhar Chandan
Published: August 2015

The paper is based on the establishment of mutual effect of project risk and environmental/climatic changes. According to the studies present very few authors have studied the effect of these two phenomenons. The study collects the literature review on the works of various authors and decides upon the criteria for measurement of these project risk factors and climate/environmental factors. Then the study presents a statistical approach for development of relationship between the two. A survey is done in order to study a complete mutual effect on the various factors of project risk and environmental changes on the same projects. The electrical transmission line installation project related professionals are approached for survey. The statistical analysis by SPSS software in this study (based on results from the survey) confirms the presence of mutual relationship with correlation and regression of a high value between project risk and environmental/climatic changes and emerges as a tool for curbing environmental and climate abrupt changes in the immediate surroundings.
Impact of Watersheds in Bringing Change in the Farming System in Bastpur of Morena District of Madhya Pradesh.
Authors: Kulshrestha Anil , Singh Y. K. , Sen S. K.
Published: August 2015

The study was carried out in Bastpur micro watershed in Morena block of the Morena district of Madhya Pradesh during 2010-11.To assess the impact of watershed development programme in farming system. It could be found that the overall watershed development practices in the study area have positive and effective changes in agricultural area of bajra, and arhar , cropping productivity of gram and arhar, land use, use of land resources, water resources, and livestock due to increase in availability of water and use to improved agricultural inputs like improved seeds, recommended doges of fertilizers, required irrigation, plant protection measures,etc in the study area. It was also found positive change in agricultural land, irrigated area, area under horticultural and vegetables crops. Similarly cattle population was also increased due to sufficient availability of water and fodder in watershed area.
Study of Some Physical & Chemical Characteristic Properties of Ground Water in the Villages of Veeraghattam and Palakonda Mandals in Srikakulam District, A.P, India
Authors: Kumar Nadikatla , Rao Mushini , Krishna M. P. S.
Published: August 2015

Human beings require potable water for drinking to keep them healthy. Clean, safe and adequate fresh water is vital to the survival of all living organisms. Drinking water affects the health of human beings due to the presence of various dissolved chemical constituents. Problems arising out of chemical constituents in drinking water are different from the problems of microbial contamination. Therefore, consumers should have at least minimum knowledge on quality of drinking water. People across the world depend on ground water for drinking. Ground water is a major source, so based on the importance of the matter; a research topic is taken up on the assessment of quality of groundwater in the selected areas of villages in Veeraghattam and Palakonda Mandals of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh. This preliminary study assessed the quality of physical and chemical characteristic properties of underground water in the selected locations of 40 villages in Veeraghattam and 39 villages in Palakonda Mandals of Srikakulam District. Some physico chemical characteristic parameters are estimated in the samples and the results obtained are compared with the available standard values such as WHO and BIS.
Bioremediation Potential of Bacterial Isolates for Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Sonune Nilesh , Garode Anil
Published: August 2015

The potential of bacteria for the treatment of municipal wastewater was investigated in present study. Total eight bacterial isolates were used for this study that showed growth on wastewater agar medium. These isolates were identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical test and identified as Bacillus licheniformis NW16, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NS19, Pseudomonas sp. NS20, Planococcus salinarum NS23, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia NS21, Paenibacillus sp. NW9, Paenibacillus borealis NS3 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17. The B. licheniformis NW16 showed highest potential to reduce all parameter under study than other isolates except Ammonical nitrogen. B. licheniformis NW16 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17 showed maximum reduction (42.86%) in BOD each. B. licheniformis NW16 and Paenibacillus sp. NW9 showed 82.76% and 81.61% reduction in COD respectively. B. licheniformis NW16, P. salinarum NS23 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17 showed reduction in nitrate ranging from 17.36%-63.64%. All the isolates have potential to reduced phosphate from 17.55% -72.3%. B. licheniformis NW16, Ps. aeruginosa NS19, Pseudomonas sp. NS20, Paenibacillus sp. NW9 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17 showed reduction in TSS ranging from 42.69%-79.94%. B. licheniformis NW16, Ps. aeruginosa NS19, Pseudomonas sp. NS20, S. maltophilia NS21 and Paenibacillus sp. NW9 showed reduction in TDS ranging from 14%-81.4%.
Estimation of Filtration Potential of an Effective Biosand Filter for Removal of Iron, Turbidity from Various Sources of Water
Authors: Sarkar Lopa , Biswal S. K , Panigrahi R. K , Sarkar Bikash
Published: August 2015

A study has been conducted for designing, constructing and evaluating of an effective biosand filter. Different types of charcoal mixture such as bamboo, coconut and wood and carbon mat as an important filter media was used for the modification of biosand filter. The filter had seven layers with gravel, sand, carbon mat and charcoal which were responsible for filtration process. The filtered water analysed in every 20 min interval. The raw ground water pH was 6.12 while it passes through bamboo, coconut and wood mixture filter, the filtered water showed higher pH value. The filter in which mixture of charcoal used as filter media showed better removal efficiency of turbidity compared to control filter without charcoal and mat. The value of turbidity in filtered water of charcoal mixture filter was below 2 NTU which is the permissible limit of drinking water according to World Health Organization but for control it was average 14 NTU. Initially the flow rate was higher and gradually decreases with time. The flow rate of the Biosand filtered water decreases significantly with increase in turbidity. The charcoal based filter showed better removal of iron (II) (95-98%) compared to control (73-76%). The charcoal based filter resulted tastier water by enriching of water with mineral like sodium and potassium.
Physico-Chemical Contamination of Groundwater in and Around Industrial Areas of District Alwar, Rajasthan
Authors: Agrawal Mithlesh , Sharma Kailash
Published: August 2015

Chemical behaviors of groundwater in various locations are one of the most dynamic fields of research in the present world. In the present study, groundwater sampling from four industrial areas viz. Matsya Nagar, Bhiwadi, Neemrana and Behror was conducted with an aim to assess the groundwater chemistry and the interpretation of the ‘water type’ was made using Hill-Piper and Wilcox diagrams. The chemical quality was assessed by examining the major cations, anions and other parameters like sodium adsorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate and sodium percent. The groundwater chemistry was then assessed and factors affecting the area were identified. It was resulted that the groundwater quality of the area was influenced by industrial and human activities which cause pollution in the aquifer system and the data supported the pollution level in the area. Majority of the samples were behaved in more or less same way.

The TDS were found in average range of 1000 mg/l, while total hardness ranged the average value of 400 mg/l. Carbonate alkalinity was found in all the water samples and the average pH value were observed 8.60. In some locations, up to 337 mg/l nitrate indicates the nitrogenous contamination in the area. Fluoride was found within the prescribed limits as per BIS (Indian Drinking Water Standard, IS: 10500, 1991) norms, except one significant location at Majri Kalan in Neemrana industrial area has high fluoride as 13.0 mg/l. The interpretation of the ‘water type’ was made using Hill-Piper and Wilcox diagrams. The prominent type was Na/Mg-HCO3 and Na/Mg-Cl type of water. However, a slight variation was observed in the Na-HCO3 type of water. Sodium (alkali) hazard were observed from low (S1) to high (S3) and salinity hazard is high (C3) to very high (C4).
The Effect of Involving Exceptional Outlier Data on Design Flood Magnitude
Authors: Heidarpour Bagher , Saghafian Bahram , Golian Saeed
Published: August 2015

The term "outlier" is generally used to refer to single data points that appear to depart significantly from the trend of the other data. Outliers are classified into three types: incorrect observations, rare events resulting from essentially the same phenomena as the other maxima, and rare events resulting from a different phenomenon. Flood frequency analysis was first performed on complete data series (including the outlier) and then on the series with the outlier removed. Results revealed that omission of the outlier data didn’t affect the probability distribution function (Log-Pearson type III), but the design discharge reduced by 60 percent in 10000 year return period from 3320 (m3/s) to 1340 (m3/s). Furthermore, the method proposed by the U.S. Water Resources Council (WRC), and the HEC-SSP software were applied in order to compose outlier data with other systematic data and to modify the parameters of the statistical distribution. Using WRC method, the estimated 10000-year flood was equaled to 1907 (m3/s) by designating the outlier as the 200-year return period and revising the parameters of Log-Pearson type III distribution; that is about 43 percent decrease over the scenario involving the outlier.
Substance misuse and the dental team
Authors: Graham Caroline
Published: August 2015

One third of adults have taken an illicit drug at some point during their lifetime ( Home Office, 2014 ). This article aims to aid understanding of the implications substance misuse may have on oral health and dental care and how to treat patients who misuse substances
Quality assurance and radiation protection
Authors: Cluley Dawn
Published: August 2015

This article provides an overview of the basics of compliance and explains the importance of developing a Quality Assurance (QA) programme in respect to dental radiography
Immunisations for the dental nurse
Authors: Talati Shilla
Published: August 2015

In this article, Shilla Talati discusses what immunisations are necessary for dental nurses or staff at the dental practice who will come into contact with blood or other bodily fluids
Palliative care in dementia: literature review of nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards pain assessment
Authors: Burns Michelle , McIlfatrick Sonja
Published: August 2015

Background

Pain is prevalent among older people, yet is often under-recognised and undertreated in people with dementia. The nurse has a central role in identifying and appropriately assessing pain in order to provide effective treatment. Research however suggests there are significant deficits in this area.

Aim

To explore the evidence on nurses' knowledge and attitudes to pain assessment in older people with dementia.

Design

A systematic narrative review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2014. Data sources: Seven electronic data bases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Wiley, Pubmed, ProQuest and OVID) were searched and articles focusing on nurses knowledge and attitudes on pain assessment towards people with dementia.

Methods

Research participants within the studies reviewed were to include registered nurses involved in the assessment and management of pain in older adults with dementia from across all healthcare settings (e.g. dementia units, nursing homes, community and acute settings).

Results

Data were systematically analysed from 11 papers. Using an inductive approach for thematic content analysis informed by the theory of planned behaviour, five themes were identified. These included: 1) Challenges in diagnosing pain in dementia 2) Inadequacies of pain assessment tools 3) Time constraints and workload pressures 4) Lack of interdisciplinary teamwork and communication 5) Training and education.

Conclusion

Nurses play a key role in the effective management of pain through the use of pain assessment tools, behavioural observation, and analgesic choice. Pain assessment in dementia remains challenging for nurses due to the complexity and individualisation of pain behaviours. The accessibility of appropriate training, workforce stability and a standardised approach to pain assessment are key to the successful management of pain in older people with dementia.
Politics and palliative care: Antigua and Barbuda
Authors: Smyth Dion
Published: August 2015

Dion Smyth's review of the internet for palliative nursing
The female voice in community arts: Working in fictional contexts in building new reality
Authors: Meyer Wendy Lathrop
Published: August 2015

The Norad Programme in Arts and Cultural Education was opened up for community arts development at Marangu Teachers College in Tanzania from 2006–11. The project, involving participating students and out-of-school youth, has helped these groups to articulate common positions on issues that affect them. Among these are gender-specific problems regarding women’s status in the community. The article examines the possibilities of stimulating changes in the society by using applied theatre in a community arts context. This article describes the process of developing a theatre performance where drama was used to explore female life conditions in post-colonial Tanzanian society, seeking to find workable solutions that can help improve women’s status in the community today.
‘We will think about it’: Drama, curriculum and transformative learning in south-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwadigwe Charles E. , Nwadigwe Francisca A.
Published: August 2015

The transformative role of drama, theatre and artistic education on the learning outcomes of children has been well established over time. However, while this subject and method of teaching and learning are being advocated and progressively embraced in many regions of the globe, the educational authorities in south-eastern Nigeria appear reluctant to adopt it. Hence the demand for the inclusion of drama as a separate subject in the foundational and basic school curricula remains a contentious issue. In the context of a new curriculum that now includes Cultural and Creative Arts as a subject in the primary and junior secondary schools, this study examines the existing policies on and the current practice of drama and theatre for learning in the sample area. It interrogates the key issues involved and points to a way forward for sustainable and transformative child education in south-eastern Nigeria.
Expanding access and participation through a combination of community radio and mobile phones: The experience of Malawi
Authors: Mhagama Peter
Published: August 2015

Community radio is one of the resources that can give ordinary or disenfranchised people a voice. This opportunity can be increased through the combination of community radio and mobile phones. Using focus group discussions, face-to-face interviews and observations, this article examines how this combination can improve ordinary people’s participation in media production and in public life in Malawi. It also examines the extent to which marginalized people are using mobile phones to voice their concerns through community radio in Malawi. I argue that the proliferation of mobile phones can accord community radio stations increased ability to give people a voice through use of text messaging and phone-in programmes. It can also expand the resources with which ordinary people have a voice. When people are accorded the right to voice their concerns and be heard, they can remove a major communication barrier that prevents them from enjoying the life they value.
Film review
Authors: Tewelde Yonatan T.
Published: August 2015

White Hotel, directed by Dianne Griffin and Tobi Solvang (1996)
Motherhood as a socially engaged theme in Zvokat Simčič’s visual works
Authors: Spacal Alenka
Published: August 2015

The text discusses the theme of motherhood in visual works by Zvonka T Simčič. The author problematised the (im)possibility of artificial insemination for single women in the utterly innovative performance entitled Doulas “ad utero, ab ovo” (2007), in which she used the image of herself as the pregnant Virgin Mary to present her own experience of insemination, pregnancy and childbirth. In New Allegories [Nove alegorije] (2008, 2009), after her son Adam’s birth, she explored the post-partum period and the role of the single mother as well as the attitude of the state towards single-parent families. In her latest video entitled Silent Power [Tiha moč] (2013), she developed the already highlighted topics further while she also referred to the recently rejected Slovenian Family Code. In her conceptually conceived works, the artist uses – in a performative manner – the symbolism of Christian tradition on the one hand and that of Slovenian folk tradition on the other to lay out her relationship to her own child and the theme of single motherhood. In several works, she presented herself as the Virgin Mary and finally also as Lepa Vida. While the pregnant author carried out the performance Doulas “ad utero, ab ovo” on her own, she has included her son in all her later works featuring the theme of motherhood; hence, this text also problematises the role of the child as the object of artwork.
What the f@#* is FACK MSUV: Performing the museum as a common good
Authors: Popović Branko
Published: August 2015

The F.A.C.K. platform was initiated in spring 2012 in Cesena (Italy). So far, F.A.C.K. has realized four public events in the form of a temporary (from two days to three weeks) occupation of a scarcely or problematically used public space, with a view to experimenting and reflecting on different participatory models in culture and to critically re-examining the dominant social and artistic systems and the role imposed upon the artists therein.
Uncertain fragments
Authors: Theodoridou Danae
Published: August 2015

The article revisits notes, thoughts and texts related to the notion of the “open work”, as these were gathered by its author during the project Syros: a bet on the potentiality of cooperation (Syros, July ’13). It presents a historical review of the way the term has been discussed and practiced in performance contexts, and aims towards a questioning of its use and an attempt to detect effective understandings of it today, arriving at the notion of “differentiation” as discussed by Bojana Cvejić and Ana Vujanović (2005). At the same time, the text constitutes a writing experiment that applies the rules of languages written from right to left to the English language, in order to delve even deeper into possible suggestions of the “open” through a practice-led research approach.
Technoaesthesis: The morning after the deluge (of technical images) – thoughts on perception, art and technology in our moistmedia times
Authors: Basbaum Sérgio Roclaw
Published: August 2015

The article aims to approach the concept of moistmedia and the role of art practices in contemporary culture by combining ideas about perception, technology and art, through different authors like media theorist Marshall McLuhan, philosophers Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Martin Heidegger and Vilém Flusser, and anthopologists such as Constance Classen and David Howes. Thus, if we can understand perception as the genesis of sense and meaning (Merleau-Ponty), which is also culturally shaped (Classen, Howes), understanding the very nature of technology demands an understanding of the modes of perception from which it has emerged. Being able to develop art propositions which may be relevant to our moistmedia times demands an understanding of the power artworks may still have for challenging technologically shaped cultural patterns of perception, in such a way as to foster new modes of consciousness, living at risk in a world of ever-present instability.
The sensitive knowledge of dance
Authors: Almeida Marcia
Published: August 2015

In this article I will discuss the dancer’s physical potential and the sensitive knowledge (‘la connaissance sensible’) that emerges from dance practice. For this, I take Lévi-Strauss’ (2010) theory of the ‘savage mind’ as a reference. This theory is important to understand how the discipline of dance does not need to be justified through modern science (Lévi-Strauss 2010). It is understood that dance operates from sensitive knowledge, while modern science is expressed through the intelligible. I will point out how the dancer operates the sensitive, or dancing, thought, stressing that this type of knowledge is created through interest in how to use it and not through interest in how it serves, or what it means. I will then explain how, through sensitive knowledge, dancers propose new challenges during their aesthetic training in order to develop new body technologies, thereby increasing their expressive potential. For this, dancers need to develop body acuity. In other words, I will discuss the processes that dancers use to transform the perception of the self and of the world through danced gestures. In this process, the dancer is always looking for new challenges; he/she constantly deals with new risks in order to discover new knowledge. I will also discuss the problem that dance faces in traditional academia, which disregards sensitive knowledge and values scientific knowledge.
Mind at risk
Authors: Araujo Rosane
Published: August 2015

A virtually infinite array of new discoveries are bringing increasingly evident transformations to all that we do, how we live, how all of us relate to each other, ourselves and the world. To think about this new time, it is necessary to experience the vertigo of placing our mind at risk. We are immersed in a comparatively new context of existence. A new humanity is being built, and it will thus represent a new society and a unique conception of what a person is. We have established ourselves as the cities we pass through daily, as sets of flows, relations of power and strengths. Like a city, we are also information networks; power fields constantly brought into play, as we connect with spaces in an imbricated and interdependent way. We are a kind of species that, in face of its desire, is capable of putting this very existence at risk; of suicidal artists, kamikazes, who risk themselves and the planet. What is the specificity of this species? What is the possible (psycho)analysis? The aim of this article is to present and articulate the current changes and the absolute artificialism of our species in the transformation of its corporeity that devours and appropriates whatever presents itself, and which produces means and prostheses for the compulsive realization of our fantasies; new realities that increasingly appear on the horizon and affect our daily lives. The mind at risk is the state that enables the craziness of any act of creation.
Hardcore & Gender
Authors: Schulze Marion
Published: August 2015

Obwohl »Subkulturen« seit den 1940ern Jahren intensiv erforscht werden, wissen wir immer noch wenig über die Geschlechterarrangements in diesen Welten. Wie wird dort Geschlecht organisiert und verhandelt? Marion Schulze geht dieser Frage am Beispiel von Hardcore(-punk) nach und greift hierzu auf die Ergebnisse einer siebenjährigen, multi-situierten und partizipierenden Feldforschung zurück. Zudem zeigt sie auf, welcher theoretischen und analytischen Werkzeuge es bedarf, um Geschlecht in Subkulturen angemessen zu untersuchen, und entwickelt hierzu einen theoretischen Rahmen für nachfolgende Forschungen.
Kulturelle Komplexität
Authors: Schleusener Simon
Published: August 2015

Wie lässt sich das Denken des französischen Philosophen Gilles Deleuze konkret für die amerikanistische und kulturwissenschaftliche Arbeit nutzbar machen? Simon Schleusener unternimmt eine differenzierte Auseinandersetzung mit Deleuzes Philosophie, deren konzeptuelle Eigenheiten er veranschaulicht und kontextualisiert. Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der »kulturellen Komplexität« kommt es dabei zu einer Re-Lektüre von Herman Melvilles Klassiker Moby-Dick, einer filmphilosophischen Verortung des Westerngenres und einer zeittheoretischen Annäherung an die Geschichte der Fotografie.
Platelet rich fibrin in dentistry: A review of literature
Authors: Ravi Kumar Vishnu , Gangadharan Gayathri
Published: August 2015

The aim of any invasive procedure is the complete eradication and elimination of the infection and associated necrotic tissue followed by repair and regeneration of the affected tissue. In order to achieve this goal various biological products have been introduced, among which are present the platelet concentrates. Platelet concentrates with their higher concentration of platelets has been used in the field of medicine since the 1990s in the form of the first-generation concentrates-Platelet Rich Plasma, and the second generation concentrated -Platelet Rich Fibrin. Choukrounâ€™s Platelet Rich Fibrin is one such material, which is used by itself and also as an adjunct with grafts. It has been successful as it delivers high doses of growth factors and has anti-inflammatory properties. They have been shown to be of great promise in the field of dentistry, ranging from implantology; Sinuses lift procedures, treating of endodontic and periodontal lesions to regeneration of necrotic pulp. This novel technique has the potential to revolutionize the treatment mode in dentistry and help with reducing patient morbidity. We will be further looking into the specification and implications of this material in this review.
Perceived organizational support and organizational trust in primary schools
Authors: Keskinkılıç Kara Sultan Bilge , Zafer Güneş Demet , Nazar Aydoğan Nazlı
Published: August 2015

The purpose of the present study is to determine the relationship between organizational support and organizational trust of teachers. Organizational support is recognizing the contribution of employees, appreciating and paying attention to them in the organizations. Organizational trust refers to an organizational climate that the employees behave each other in an honest, realistic, helpful and coherent way. The study sample involves 470 primary school teachers working in Tuzla during 2013-2014 educational year. In the present study, the data was collected through the perceived organizational support scale and trust scale. SPSS 21.00 programs were used in analysis of the data. The relationships was tested by Pearson Moments Product Correlation Coefficient. Regression Analysis was used for testing predictive power. Positive, low-level and significant correlations were found towards perceived organizational support and sub-dimensions with organizational trust. Regression analyzes revealed that organizational trust was positively predicted from educational support, administrative support and justice variables. Educational support predicts a high part of the variance. These three variables explain the 10 % of the organizational trust.
Factors Affecting the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets – a Review of In Vitro Studies
Authors: Bakhadher Waleed , Halawany Hassan , Talic Nabeel , Abraham Nimmi , Jacob Vimal
Published: August 2015

The adhesive material used to bond orthodontic brackets to teeth should neither fail during the treatment period, resulting in treatment delays, untoward expenses or patient inconvenience nor should it damage the enamel on debonding at the end of the treatment. Although the effectiveness of a bonding system and any unfavorable effects on the enamel may be studied by conductingin-vivostudies, it is nearly impossible to independently analyze different variables that influence a specific bonding system in the oral environment.In-vitrostudies, on the other hand, may utilize more standardized protocols for testing different bonding systems and materials available. Thus, the present review focused attention onin-vitrostudies and made an attempt to discuss material-related, teeth-related (fluorotic vs non-fluorotic teeth) and other miscellaneous factors that influences the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Within the limitations of this review, using conventional acid-etch technique, ceramic brackets and bonding to non-fluorotic teeth was reported to have a positive influence on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets, but higher shear bond strength found on using ceramic brackets can be dangerous for the enamel.
Transient and Non-Transient Intussusceptions of the Large Bowel in Adults: Two Case Reports
Authors: Vobořil René , Fanta Jan , Bačkovský Petr , Ehrenberger Daniel , Vobořilová Jana
Published: August 2015

Background: Intussusception of the large bowel in adults is a very rare pathological condition. However, it has its clinical importance because intussusception is very often associated with an intraluminal lesion. Case report: We report two cases of the large bowel intussusception, ileocolic and colorectal. Both intussusceptions were associated with a malignant tumor. However, the clinical presentation was different. One of the intussusceptions was of non-transient character, while the second one resolved spontaneously before operation. Both patients underwent surgery and malignant tumors were found and removed. Results: The purpose of the article is to draw attention to intussusception and emphasize that intussusception, either transient or non-transient, should be further examined. Conclusions: The intussusception may be the first and the only signal of the existence of a malignant tumor, very often colorectal carcinoma.
Evaluation of purified natural killer cell functions in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Rosental Benyamin , Shemesh Avishai , Yaron-Mendelson Michal , Klein Lauren C. , Kodman Yona , Levy Jacov , Porgador Angel , Broides Arnon
Published: August 2015

Background: Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare, genetic, immune dysregulation disorder of aberrant hyperactivation of lymphocytes causing inflammation and hemophagocytosis. We report on a 3-month old male who was evaluated for the possibility of FHL because of a positive family history. The patient was asymptomatic; however, levels of the soluble interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor were elevated and the quantity and function of the natural killer (NK) cells were severely decreased.

Methods: Purification of NK cells and evaluation of the cytotoxicity and IFNγ/TNFα secretion of NK cells after IL-2 activation relative to the patient's family members.

Results: The patient's NK specific lysis was enhanced compared with his mother, and it was slightly higher than his sister. The IFNγ and TNFα secretion by the patient's NK cells after challenge with target 721 cells or anti-natural cytotoxicity receptors (NKp30 and NKp44) antibodies showed levels that are close to the mother's and sister's NK secretion levels. Owing to a low yield of NK cells from the patient's father the results for his NK cells are incomplete. The patient did not undergo HSCT and continued to be followed. He is now 7 years old and thriving without signs of FHL. His last examination was in August 2012 for functionality of isolated NK cells. The results showed normal cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion, and CD107a up-regulation to the NK cell surface.

Conclusion: We propose that NK function assessment in patients with presumed FHL should be performed on isolated NK cell populations. This practice may reduce the number of false-negative results in NK function assays.

Statement of novelty: In this case report we show that functional assessment of unpurified NK cells could lead to a false-negative assessment in 1 of the parameters in FHL. Assessment of NK function without NK purification may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of poor NK function.
Genetic diversity of Thaumetopoea pityocampa in Greece: the role of Quaternary changes in Aegean Sea
Authors: Korsch Katrin , Bataka Alkmini , Kodona Maria , Sioulas Stavros , Tsiakiris Rigas , Michaelakis Antonios , Avtzis Dimitrios N.
Published: August 2015

Thaumetopoea pityocampa, the winter pine
processionary moth, is one of the most important pests
of pine trees in the Mediterranean region. To learn more
about the refugial areas within the greater refugium
of Greece, samples from 15 local populations were
collected. Analysis of the Cytochrome Oxidase I region
identified 15 haplotypes. One strongly supported clade
was found, separating the Aegean island of Lesvos from
the mainland populations. Mdiv analysis showed that
this clade diverged from the general clade 155,000 y.a.,
suggesting the sea level changes during the Quaternary
Period as a possible reason for its seclusion. Additionally,
comparisons with similar studies in this region revealed
a possible colonization of the eastern Aegean islands
from the Turkish mainland rather than from Greece.
However, no strong isolation-by-distance events were
detected among the mainland populations, which could
be attributed to the joint effect of regular gene flow and
the lack of insurmountable geographic barriers. Finally,
regarding population structure, Bayesian analysis as well
as neutrality tests pointed towards an ongoing population
expansion which verifies the potential invasiveness of
this pest species, something that will have to be dealt with
under the influence of climate change.
Assessment of femoral bone osteoporosis in rats
treated with simvastatin or fenofibrate
Authors: Şipos Remus S. , Fechete Radu , Moldovan Dumitriţa , Şuş Ioana , Szasz Simona , Pávai Zoltán
Published: August 2015

Background: The effects of two lipidlowering
drugs, simvastatin and fenofibrate on
osteoporosis in the femurs of healthy and ovariectomized
female rats were investigated quantitatively by
histological images and 1H NMR relaxometry.
Methodology: The intertrabecular cavities percentage
was estimated from numerically cleaned histological
images which initially present both the trabecular bone
architecture and bone marrow filling the intertrabecular
pores. The eight weeks evolution of intertrabecular cavities
percentage measured from histological images of randomly
selected sections in ovariectomized rats femoral diaphysis
is similar with the evolution of transverse relaxation time
centre of gravity T2,CG, a selected parameter to quantify the
changes in intertrabecular cavities dimensions from onedimensional
(1D) transverse relaxation time T2 distributions.
Results: The analysis of histological images recorded for
non-ovariectomized rats show that the treatment with
simvastatin and fenofibrate has a negative effect on the
dimension of the femoral diaphysis trabecular bone. The
analysis of 1D T2 distributions show that the simvastatin
and fenofibrate lipid-lowering drugs produce different
effects on different particular sections of studied rat bones,
i.e. proximal part of femoris, diaphysis or distal epiphysis.
Conclusions: Finally, it is shown that the effects of the
treatments are strongly dependent on the duration of
treatment.
The Combined Laplace-Variational Iteration Method for Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Matinfar M. , Saeidy M. , Ghasemi M.
Published: August 2015

In this paper, the Laplace transform Variational Iteration Method (LVIM) is employed to obtain approximate analytical solutions of the linear and nonlinear partial differential equations. This method is a combined form of the Laplace transform method and the Variational Iteration Method. The proposed scheme, finds the solutions without any discretization or restrictive assumptions and is free from round-off errors and therefore, reduces the numerical computations to a great extent. Some illustrative examples are presented and the numerical results show that the solutions of the LVIM are in good agreement with the exact solution.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Nonlinear Shallow Water Sloshing
Authors: Bouscasse Benjamin , Antuono Matteo , Colagrossi Andrea , Lugni Claudio
Published: August 2015

A numerical and experimental analysis of sloshing phenomena (i.e. violent fluid motions inside a tank) has been conducted in shallow water regimes. A narrow tank has been used to limit three-dimensional effects and allow for an extensive study of two-dimensional waves. A large range of experimental data from small to large amplitude sway motions has been considered for five different filling heights. The numerical simulations have been performed to cover the configurations where no experiments were available and provide an exhaustive description of the shallow-water sloshing motion. Specifically, the numerical simulations have been performed through a δ-SPH model since such a scheme proved to be robust and reliable in studying violent free-surface flows.
“There Were No Longer Any Laws”: Voices of Authority, Complicity, and Resistance in Totalitarian Dystopias and Holocaust Imaginings
Authors: Boge Chris
Published: August 2015

This article analyses five landmarks in totalitarian and dystopian fiction from a law-and-literature perspective, thus comparing works published between the 1920s and the first decade of the twenty-first century that fictionalize diametrically opposed ideologies of countries such as Stalinist Russia, Nazi Germany and the United States of America: Art Spiegelman’s Pulitzer Prize winning work Maus; Philip Roth’s “dark, humane masterpiece” (The Times) of “faction,” The Plot Against America; Yevgeny Zamyatin’s We, without which George Orwell’s modern classic Nineteen Eighty-Four would be unthinkable; and V for Vendetta by Alan Moore, one of the most acclaimed writers working in the graphic medium today.
Disputes and the Differend: Literary Strategies to Say the Unspeakable
Authors: Ost François
Published: August 2015

How do voice and power connect, in law? More precisely: given that in many cases one of the parties to a dispute does not share the language or the code of the court, and that the verdict will therefore do violence to him (this is the meaning of “differend,” as distinct from an ordinary legal dispute), how do the voices of the victims speak? The aim of this paper is to develop, with the aid of numerous literary examples, a typology of the various modulations of these voices, all the way from silence up to a shout, taking in along the way such things as: delirious ramblings, the oratorio, the petition, and literary sublimation. What are the limits of the “literary corpus” which we have in mind here? What about all the documents produced by the victims in cases of differend? Can we not regard them as a form of “outsider art,” of “judicial style”?
The Working Class Goes to the Movies: Labour Law and Thatcherism in British Films
Authors: Peruzzi Marco
Published: August 2015

The essay focusses on the employment relationship as a privileged perspective for the analysis of the binomial “power of voices/voices of power.” In such context, the right to strike is presented as a meaningful example of the power stemming from a collective organisation of voices, the voices of the workers, granted as a means to counter-balance the power and the voice of the employer. The analysis highlights the enduring relevance of the British perspective towards the topic, from the liberalist policies fostered by Prime Minister Thatcher in the Eighties until the critical approach recently adopted by the British Government with regard to the protection of the right to strike at international level. British filmography is chosen as a lens for observing such perspective, in particular to the extent it describes the impact of Thatcherism on the British model of industrial relations as well as the economic and social consequences of such political measures in the Nineties. After a general overview, aimed at highlighting common features across the films, like the pivotal role of music and dance in the storyline, the analysis focusses on Billy Elliot, examining the ambiguous relationship between the collective and individual dimension in its narration.
Meta-analysis reveals
protective effects of
vitamin B on stroke patients
Authors: Wang Liping , Cui Weiwei , Nan Guangxian , Yu Yang
Published: August 2015

Stroke is the loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to the brain resulting from either
ischemia or hemorrhage. Previous studies have evaluated the clinical importance of nutritional interventions
such as vitamin B supplementation in the management of acute strokes. However, it is still inconclusive whether
or not vitamin B supplementation will benefit patients with acute strokes. Therefore, a meta-analysis was
performed to assess the efficacy of vitamin B supplementation in the treatment of stroke patients. Medline,
Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched (from 1960 to June 2015) and forest plots were
generated to illustrate the treatment effects. A systemic review of the electronic databases yielded 12 eligible
studies consisting of 7474 patients. Forest plots from the meta-analyses of the included studies illustrated that
vitamin B supplementation significantly lowered the plasma concentration of total homocysteine (SMD = -0.82;
95% CI: -0.77; Z = -29.06, p < 0.0001) and resulted in significant reduction in stroke recurrence (OR = 0.86%; 95%
CI: 0.76, 0.97; Z = -2.41; p = 0.016) as well as a combined incidence of vascular events, including recurrent strokes,
myocardial infarctions and vascular deaths (OR = 0.87%; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.96; Z= -2.73; p = 0.0063).
Additionally, the nearly-symmetrical funnel plot (Egger’s test, t = −1.705, p = 0.1224) indicated the absence of
publication bias regarding the meta-analysis that examined the effect of vitamin B supplementation on the
plasma levels of homocysteine in acute stroke patients. These findings suggested that vitamin B supplementation
presents a potential addition to the armamentarium for the management of acute stroke patients.