bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data resource profile: Norwegian Databases for Drug Utilization and Pharmacoepidemiology
Authors: Sommerschild Hilchen Thode , Berg Christian Lie , Jonasson Christian , Husabø Kari Jansdotter , Sharikabad Mohammad Nouri
Published: August 2021

In this article we aim to give researchers and other users of drug utilization data a current overview of the twonationwide Norwegian drug databases located at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), withreference to some historical background. The first database, “The Norwegian Drug Wholesales Statistics”,dating back to 1974, provides total sale figures of all medicines on the market. The second database, “TheNorwegian Prescription Database” (NorPD), dates back to 2004 and covers prescription drugs dispensed bypharmacies. This database will be modernized during 2021 and renamed (“The Norwegian Prescribed DrugRegistry”, name not finally decided), and all historical data will be migrated to the modernized registry. In thefuture, the most valuable add-on to the modernized prescription database will be individual level data fromin-patients in hospitals and health care institutions, and the possibility to obtain aggregated data from eachinstitution. Together, the two nationwide databases will continue to be the cornerstones of drug utilization data in Norway and should be used more extensively to improve health to the best for individuals and society. Development in national e-health programs will play a key role in providing easier and less time-consuming access to data and improve conditions for linkage of drug data to other health registries in the near future.
INSPIRE: A new opportunity for cancer pharmacoepidemiology research
Authors: Enerly Espen , Holmstrøm Lena , Skog Anna , Knudsen Kristin Oterholt , Nygård Jan F. , Møller Bjørn , Ursin Giske
Published: August 2021

Until recently, there has been limited overview of the hospital administered cancer medications. The Cancer Registry of Norway has the approval to collect data on medical oncology treatment provided to each patient, but the reporting has so far been manual, time consuming and incomplete. Apart from conducting costly chart reviews, it has not been possible to carry out studies on hospital administered cancer medications. Efforts trying to improve manual reporting have not been sufficient and the most effective way of collecting data on cancer medications is through the hospital systems used for ordering/administering medical oncological treatment. The INSPIRE (INcreaSe PharmaceutIcal REporting) project was initiated to automatically and electronically collect data on cancer medication from the hospitals systems to the Cancer Registry. The project is a unique collaboration between 12 pharmaceutical companies, the Association of Pharmaceutical Companies in Norway, the Norwegian Cancer Society, Inven2, the Cancer Registry of Norway and the four Regional Health Trusts. In this article we describe the INSPIRE project, the data collection, and when and what kind of data that will be available. These new medication data at the Cancer Registry provide new opportunities for cancer pharmacoepidemiology research in Norway.
Antithyroid drug treatment and pregnancy outcomes among women with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy: A Norwegian population-based registry-linkage study
Authors: Nebghouha El Khalil , Lupattelli Angela , Nordeng Hedvig
Published: August 2021

Aims: The aim of this study was two-fold: i) to describe factors associated with antithyroid drug (ATD) treatmentduring gestation among women with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, ii) to investigate the impact of ATDtreatment during gestation on pregnancy outcomes.Methods: Women with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy and ATD treatments were identified through linkage ofthree national registries (2008-2018): The Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian PrescriptionRegistry and the Norwegian Patient Registry. Pregnancies were categorized as ATD treated or untreated basedon filled prescriptions indicating ATD exposure during pregnancy. ATD treatment was examined by trimester(T1, T2/T3) and by substance carbimazole (CMZ), propylthiouracil (PTU) and by both CMZ/PTU. Generalizedestimating equations analysis with a robust variance estimator was used to estimate adjusted odds ratio (aOR)and adjusted standardized mean difference (aSMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: We identified 1699 pregnancies with hyperthyroidism during gestation. Hyperthyroidism was treatedwith ATD in 44.4% of the pregnancies, while 55.6% were untreated. Pregnant women treated with ATD hadmore often asthma compared to untreated women. Prenatal exposure to CMZ was associated with increased riskof preterm birth (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.8) whereas PTU exposure in the first trimester was associated with anincreased risk of cardiac malformations (aOR 9.0, 95% CI 1.8-44.7). There was no association between ATDtreatment in pregnancy and maternal preeclampsia (aOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.3) and gestational hypertension (aOR0.9, 95% CI 0.5-1.8).Conclusion: This nationwide registry study found an association between treatment with carbimazole and increasedrisk of preterm birth. Exposure to propylthiouracil in the first trimester was associated with an increasedrisk of cardiac malformations. These findings should be interpreted in light of international findings on the riskof untreated hyperthyroidism and the potential risk of ATD treatment for the mother and child.
Integrating Technology to Increase Graduate Employability Skills: A Blockchain Case Study in Property Law Teaching
Authors: Cantatore Francina , Galloway Kate , Parsons Louise
Published: August 2021

The discourse of graduate employability skills includes emphasis on digital capabilities. Digital capabilities encompass an understanding of the new and emerging technologies that are driving significant change in business, government and society and by implication, the critical and creative thinking skills to integrate these contexts with the law. By contrast, the accredited law curriculum remains focussed on doctrine thus frequently relegating consideration of law and technology to discrete (elective) subjects. Further, the default method of teaching and learning doctrine remains a case method approach using hypothetical problems. Such an approach to curriculum is, at best, neutral about the relevance of new technologies and the skills required to analyse them in a legal context with consequences for contemporary and likely future employer expectations for law graduates to be prepared for practice.

This article first establishes the imperative to incorporate digital contexts into the core law curriculum as a means of providing students with foundational skills for a changing workplace. Secondly, it presents the case for an enhanced approach to teaching legal problem solving. Beyond the backward-looking hypothetical fact scenario, it suggests that a future focused analytical mindset is integral to the lawyer’s suite of thinking tools. Finally, it provides a case study of a critical—and doctrinal—analysis of a recent proposal to fractionalise lots in a Torrens system in tandem with a blockchain. The case study illustrates the application of an enhanced problem-solving approach. It shows how the broader context of new technologies might be integrated into property law teaching through prospective problem-solving.
El sistema inmunitario en la salud y la enfermedad
Authors: Zárate-Ramos Rosa Andrea , Sosa-Luis Sorely Adelina , Ríos-Ríos William de Jesús
Published: August 2021

The immune system is widely known due to its relevance to the body’s protection against infectious agents. Nevertheless, these same mechanisms of protection may damage the own tissues, when they are overactivated (hypersensitivity), when they fail (immunodeficiencies) or when they do not recognize their own tissues (autoimmunity). Therefore, this paper addresses how the immune system works in the presence of sickness or health, as well as how this knowledge has been applied to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of many diseases, highlighting one of its main contributions to the evolution of the current medicine: the vaccines.
Synergetic effects of seaweed extract and Rhizobium on cowpea
Authors: Radjasegarin Arumugam , Perumal Anantharaman
Published: August 2021

Seaweed extracts have been used as fertilizer for crops to enhance yield and quality of the crop products. Only very few studies have been carried out on the effects of seaweed extracts and beneficial soil microbes on growth of crop plants. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the synergistic effect of seaweed extract (SE) prepared from Sargassum wightii Greville, with and without the application of Rhizobium biofertilizer, on seed germination, seedling growth, biochemical constituents and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp Var. pusa 151 (family Fabaceae). Seaweed extract (1% concentration), with or without Rhizobium (biofertilizer) treatment, compared with the control, significantly (p≤ 0.05) enhanced vegetative growth (dry weight of shoot and root, number of lateral roots and total leaf area), biochemical parameters (total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proteins, lipids, total sugar and amino acids) and yield and yield components (pod number, length, weight, number of seeds per pod and 100 seeds weight). Seaweed extract application, along with Rhizobium biofertilizer, exhibited better results in terms of vegetative growth, biochemical and yield than the seaweed extract alone in enhancing the growth and yield of a cowpea.
PQ4R-based E-LKPD to improve the fourth grade students’ higher order thinking skills
Authors: Nirmala Linda Ratna , Yulianti Dwi , Maulina Dina , Sabdaningtyas Lilik
Published: August 2021

This study is intended to analyze the need for e-LKPD development based on the preview, question, read, reflect, recite, and review (PQ4R) to improve students' HOTS. There are three syntaxes of 3-stage levels of high order thinking skills recommended by Bloom's taxonomy. It consists of analyzing, evaluating, and creating. The type of this research is a descriptive qualitative study analysis based on a literature review of e-LKPD and equipped with the PQ4R strategy as an effort to increase the HOTS of students. The research subjects were educators and fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 1 Purwosari, Padangratu Sub-District, Central Lampung. The research objects are HOTS, PQ4R, and e-LKPD. The data collection instrument used interview guidelines, questionnaires, and tests. The cause of the low HOTS of students is the inadequacy of teaching materials and learning strategies used in training HOTS abilities. The results of the study found that educators had not fully used e-LKPD teaching materials. Educational units also require learning strategies that can increase HOTS. PQ4R is one of the learning strategies that can be applied as a solution to increase students' HOTS. Educators need e-LKPD that contains PQ4R learning strategies that are following the characteristics of students. Thus, it can be concluded that the PQ4R-based e-LKPD to improve the HOTS of students in primary schools needs to be developed.
DETECTION OF DRUG MEDICATION ERRORS OF NURSING STUDENTS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS THROUGH A HOSPITAL SIMULATION
Authors: TUNCAY Suat , SAHİN Ayse , AKÇA Kamile , ARIKAN Duygu
Published: August 2021

Objevtive: This study aimed to detect nursing students’ drug medication errors in pediatric patients.

Methods: The study used a comparative descriptive research design and was carried out after the necessary ethical and official permissions had been obtained. The universe of the research consisted of the students of Faculty of Nursing. The sample of the study included 94 students (third year n=47 and fourth year n=47). A laboratory of the Faculty of Nursing was simulated as a room where a nurse provides treatment. The students who participated in the study with the determined drug order were asked to prepare the drugs with the most appropriate technique, and they were observed by the researchers. Data were collected one by one by the researchers using a drug medication errors checklist prepared by the researchers.

Results: The third year students did not consider dry powder dosage and obtained the lowest score (X̄=0.68). The fourth year students did not attach the right label on the drug taken and received the lowest score (X̄=0.42). The third year students were more successful in attaching the right label on the remaining drug (p=0.20) and the fourth year students were more successful in observing aseptic rules (p=0.03). Students in both groups ignored dry powder dosage of the drug in total and earned the lowest score from this practice (X̄=0.64).

Conclusion: Drug medication errors committed by the students in both groups were high, and the students did not consider dry powder dosage when reconstituting the drug.
A NOVEL ROUTE FOR THE FORMATION OF GAS SENSORS
Authors: Khayal Areeba
Published: August 2021

The rapid development of conductive polymers shows great potential in temperature chemical gas detection as their electrical conductivity is often changed upon spotlight to oxidative or reductive gas molecules at room temperature. However, the relatively low conductivity and high affinity toward volatile organic compounds and water molecules always exhibit low sensitivity, poor stability and gas selectivity, which hinder their practical gas sensor applications. In addition, inorganic sensitive materials show totally different advantages in gas sensors like high sensitivity, fast response to low concentration analytes, high area and versatile surface chemistry, which could harmonize the conducting polymers in terms of the sensing individuality. It seems to be a good option to combine inorganic sensitive materials with polymers for gas detection for the synergistic effects which has attracted extensive interests in gas sensing applications. In this appraisal the recapitulation of recent development in polymer inorganic nanocomposites-based gas sensors. The roles of inorganic nanomaterials in improving the gas sensing performances of conducting polymers are introduced and therefore the progress of conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites including metal oxides, metal, carbon (carbon nanotube, graphene) and ternary composites are obtainable. Finally, conclusion and perspective within the field of gas sensors incorporating conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites are summarized. Keywords: Gas sensor, conducting polymer, polymer-inorganic nanocomposites; conducting organic polymers nanostructure, synergistic effect, polypyrrole (PPY), polyaniline (PANI).
Penggunaan Media PAJS untuk Mengembangkan Kecerdasan Matematis dan Interpersonal Peserta Didik dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Materi Skala
Authors: Hardani Hardani
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the improvement of the development of mathematical and interpersonal intelligence of students in learning mathematics of scale material using the actual Sifter Board media. This research is a development research used to develop mathematics learning media in the sixth grade of the UPTD Tambegan Elementary School. Learning outcomes that were carried out previously showed no development of students' mathematical and interpersonal intelligence. After the learning with PAS media was carried out, students were not only able to work on material scale questions, but with the material acquisition activities they were able to make problems and do it correctly. In addition, the stages of using PAS media can develop the ability to work together, the ability to be confident, the ability to motivate others, mutual respect. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the use of PAJS media can improve students' mathematical and interpersonal intelligence.
Pengembangan Buku Siswa dan Buku Petunjuk Guru Matematika Berorientasi Pemecahan Masalah dengan Setting 5E
Authors: Sumadi Sumadi , Inna Margaretha N.
Published: August 2021

This study aims to develop and produce student book and teacher manual book in teaching and learning for the topic of Problem Solving-oriented Linear Equation System of Two Variables with 5E setting. This is a development research on problem solving-oriented learning models with 5E settings. The research utilises supporting learning devices that includes student books, teacher manuals and lesson plans. The process of developing student books and teacher manuals refers to the Plom model of developing procedure. Subject of this study is 36 students of grade X Vocational School 1 Denpasar. The student book which was developed is valid with a score of 3, while the teacher's manual score is 3.8 with a quite valid category. In the first practicallity test, the average score of student books and teacher manuals was 3.1, while in the second field test the score was 3.2, it is in the practical categories.The effectiveness of student books and teacher manuals in field trial 1 reached a score of 78.92 (good), while in the field trial 2 the score was 86.07 (very good). This fact shows that the problem solving- oriented student books and teacher manuals with the 5E setting are worthy to be used as learning sources for vocational mathematics, because they meet the criteria for validity, practicality, and effectiveness.
Model Number Head Together (NHT) dalam Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Peserta Didik Kelas VIIA SMP Negeri 11 Yogyakarta
Authors: Merliza Pika , Soedarsono Soedarsono
Published: August 2021

Motivation effect influences students performances in class that can indicate students’ achievement. This Action Research aims to increase motivation towards mathematics learning of seventh graders at SMP Negeri 11, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in 2016/2017 using NHT modal was implemented in two cycles. Data were collected through mathematics motivation questionnaire, observation sheets on teaching and learning process, and field notes. Data were analyzed through qualitative and quantitative analysis. In the first cycle, students’ scores on motivation increased in 88% (good categorization), where three students (9%) in very good motivation level, 19 students (56%) were categorized good, and 12 students (35%) were categorized moderate. The implementation result of NHT in first cycle was 76%. In the second cycle, students’ motivation scores increase beyond exceeded the target. The average results of the motivation score were 93 (good), where was 4 students (12%) in very good categorization, 25 students (73%) were categorized good, and 5 students (15%) were categorized moderate. Then, NHT learning reached 92%. To sum up, it can be concluded that NHT can be alternative modal that can be implemented to help mathematics class for seventh graders at SMP Negeri 11, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Penggunaan Media Damas untuk Meningkatkan Karakter dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas 1 SD Negeri Sen Asen 1
Authors: Firdaus Ardiyansah Yuliniar
Published: August 2021

This study uses a classroom action research design model Kemmis and Taggart which aims to improve the character and student learning outcomes through the use of media damas in Mathematics. The subjects of this study were the first grade students of Elementary School State 1 Sen Asen. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and tests which were then analyzed descriptively quantitative. The results showed that the media of damas can improve: 1) the character of students marked by an increase in cycle I with a percentage of 64.2% (good criteria) increased to 82.5% (very good criteria) in the second cycle; 2) student learning outcomes are characterized by a classical increase in cycle I with a percentage of 65% (13 students) increasing to 95% (19 students) in cycle II. So it can be concluded that use of damas media can improve the character and student learning outcomes.
Rekonstruksi Pembelajaran Matematika di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Sumaryanta Sumaryanta , Wibawa Agus Dwi
Published: August 2021

The 4th industrial revolution demands and encourages the educational reformation in many countries, including Indonesia. The rapid changes caused by the emergence of the 4th industrial revolution require adjustments in various aspects of life, including education. Mathematics education as the key component of the education system in Indonesia should be adapted to answer the challenge of the student’s needs in line with the dynamics changes at the 4th industrial revolution era. Mathematical renewal and updates is a necessity, essential and urgent point to execute. The mathematics teaching and learning should be designed and implemented to prepare new generation facing continuous uncertainty and alteration. This article is intended to present a new perspective on the reconstruction of mathematics teaching and learning in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. This article, as well, is expected to provide a new paradigm in viewing and organizing mathematics teaching and learning amidst the current changes in the 4th industrial revolution era.
Kaitan antara Etnomatematika dan Matematika Sekolah: Sebuah Kajian Konseptual
Authors: Danoebroto Sri Wulandari
Published: August 2021

The awareness that mathematics exists at the respective culture needs to be developed in students’ mind through the integration of ethnomathematics at school. School mathematics is different from pure formal mathematics, while ethnomathematics studies pure informal mathematics as well as applied mathematics. This article contains conceptual reviews focused on the comprehension and scope of ethnomathematics, as well as some views on school mathematics to find out the connection between ethnomathematics and school mathematics, also the role of ethnomathematics in school mathematics. The philosophical foundation that connects ethnomatematics and school mathematics is the nature of mathematics as a social construction. Based on this view, it is identified that there are three connections between ethnomatematics and school mathematics, namely ethnomatematics as a learning object of school mathematics, bridge of informal knowledge leading to formal mathematics, and didactic or pedagogical foundations of school mathematics.
Pengertian, Tujuan dan Pengembangan Kemampuan Literasi Matematika
Authors: Alviyah Titik Jumrotun , Danoebroto Sri Wulandari
Published: August 2021

Mathematical literacy is a basic literation skill that is important for students. The ability of Indonesian students on mathematical literacy is still far behind compared to other countries. Efforts are needed to improve learning in developing students' mathematical literacy skills to be even better. This article aims to examine the main literature sources on mathematical literacy and describe alternative conceptual foundations for developing mathematical literacy that can be further improved and applied in schools. This article presents the understanding of mathematical literacy from several points of view, the objectives of mathematical literacy and its development concept referring to the main and supporting literature sources. Interpretation of several concepts in the literature was done by understanding the perspective on mathematics and describing it narratively. Recommendations and conclusions on the development of mathematical literacy skills that can be further developed in learning planning is presented at the end of the article.
Classificação das geometrias
Authors: Dias Leandro Silva , Grimberg Gérard Emile
Published: August 2021

Tradicionalmente, quando se trata das geometrias não euclidianas, a maioria dos historiadores relata que Felix Klein se inspirou ao ler a “Sexta Memória sobre os Quantics” (1859) de Arthur Cayley. Todavia, não apresentam de forma completa as contribuições de Cayley, dizendo apenas que Klein é que interpretou o trabalho de Cayley para o caso das geometrias não euclidianas. Porém, têm-se alguns problemas nesta narrativa, o maior deles é que Cayley possui uma abordagem própria que é ligeiramente distinta da apresentada por Klein. Nosso artigo se propõe a analisar estas diferenças, esclarecendo a relação entre os trabalhos destes matemáticos e a gênese das métricas não euclidianas.
Ciência e tecnologia como condição para o desenvolvimento e para a modernização do Brasil
Authors: Amorim Mario Lopes
Published: August 2021

O objetivo do artigo é discutir a disseminação, tanto para a comunidade acadêmica quanto para o público leitor da imprensa diária, da ideia da ciência e da tecnologia como elementos essenciais para a superação da condição de subdesenvolvimento e dependência do Brasil, pela produção de artigos para jornais do engenheiro Rogério Cezar de Cerqueira Leite para a Folha de São Paulo, entre setembro de 1975 e junho de 1976, reunidos em livro intitulado Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento Nacional. Os ensaios de Cerqueira Leite se aproximam do Pensamento Latino-Americano em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, e podem ser compreendidos como peças de publicização de seu compromisso com tal perspectiva.
Caloric Measure Null Sets
Authors: Watson Neil A.
Published: August 2021

We give a systematic treatment of caloric measure null sets on the essential boundary $\partial_eE$ of an arbitrary open set $E$ in ${\bf R}$. We discuss two characterisations of such sets and present some basic properties. We investigate the dependence of caloric measure null sets on the open set $E$. Thus, if $D$ is an open subset of $E$ and $Z\subseteq\partial_eE\cap\partial_eD$, we show that $Z$ is caloric measure null for $D$ if it is caloric measure null for $E$. We also give conditions on $E$ and $Z$ which imply that the reverse implication is true. We know from \cite{watson2011} that any polar subset of $\partial_eD$ is caloric measure null for $D$, but the reverse implication is not generally true. In our final result we show that, for subsets of a certain component of $\partial_eD$, caloric measure null sets are necessarily polar.
Multiplicative functions arising from the study of mutually unbiased bases
Authors: Englert Berthold-Georg , Chan Heng Huat
Published: August 2021

We introduce two families of multiplicative functions, which generalize the somewhat unusual function that was serendipitously discovered in 2010 during a study of mutually unbiased bases in the Hilbert space of quantum physics. In addition, we report yet another multiplicative function, which is also suggested by that example; it can be used to express the squarefree part of an integer in terms of an exponential sum.
Facebook in tertiary education: The impact of social media in e-Learning
Authors: Giannikas Christina
Published: August 2021

The present study provides insights on the impact of using Facebook in e-learning higher education postgraduate programs. More specifically, the study (1) presents the status quo of Facebook in higher education, (2) explores the nature of Facebook in e-learning, and (3) investigates the effects of Facebook on learning community, focusing on their viewpoints. The findings reveal that the majority of the students think favorably of Facebook groups as they conveniently supplement Learning Management Systems (LMS). The survey also indicates that there was an interactive learning element to the use of Facebook that made it more appealing than their university’s Course Management System (CMS) to use during the course.
Framing the text: understanding emotional barriers to academic reading
Authors: Kimberley Emma , Thursby Mark
Published: August 2021

When students arrive at university there is an expectation that they come already equipped with the skills they need to read academic texts. In contrast, many students have low confidence in their ability to read challenging texts, often experiencing this as a barrier to engaging with academic practices. Recent research has identified the importance of affect in the university context, exploring the impact of emotions around academic practices such as critical thinking and interpreting feedback, but has not looked specifically at reading as one such key practice. This paper draws on this research and reads it alongside data gathered from questionnaires and focus groups conducted with one group of first-year undergraduates. We found that students have a complex relationship with reading for academic study, and that many experience significant negative affects and self-perceptions in relation to their academic reading tasks. We explore some of these encounters, engaging the student voice and using affect theory to unpack some first experiences of reading in higher education.
Editorial 18:3 Celebrating women in higher education on International Women’s Day
Authors: Butler-Henderson Kerryn , Percy Alisa , Kelder Jo-Anne
Published: August 2021

We have timed publishing our first standard issue of the year to coincide with International Woman’s Day, 8 March 2021 to celebrate the contribution women have made to higher education. The first woman documented as teaching in a university was more than 800 years ago, and yet it is only the last century that the number of female academics has started to increase (Whaley, 2011). In Australia, the first university was established in 1851, yet it would be another 32 years until Julia Guerin graduated in 1883 from the University of Melbourne with a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in 1883 (Women's Museum of Australia, 2020). And another 10 years when Leonora Little graduated from Melbourne University with a Bachelor of Science in 1983. Despite these accomplishments in the late 19th century, it was not until 1959 when the first woman, Dorothy Hill, was awarded a Chair appointment (Chair of Geology) in an Australian university, and nearly a century before Australia has its first female Vice Chancellor, when Dianne Yerbury became the Vice-Chancellor of Macquarie University in 1987, a position she held for twenty years. Australia’s higher education history tells a clear story of the slow integration of women in higher education, particularly within the STEM fields. For example, Little graduated in 1893 with a Bachelor of Science, but it was 1928 before the first female Lecturer in Mathematics, Ethel Raybould was appointed, and another 36 years before Hanna Neumann became the first female Professor of Pure Mathematics in 1964. It was just over 60 years ago that Margaret Williams-Weir was the first female Indigenous Australian to graduate with a university qualification in 1959. Female Indigenous Australians remain under-represented in the Australian university graduate population. The current situation for Australian higher education still retains a dominance of males within academic roles, such as 30 percent more men in Associate and Full Professor roles than women (Devlin, 2021). And whilst there has been progress in some jurisdictions, such as the majority of Queensland vice chancellors are women in 2021, these continue to be the exception, for example only 28% of vice chancellors in Australia are women. International Woman’s Day is an opportunity to reflect on the significant contribution women make in higher education in Australia and globally. We celebrate through the publication of this issue, with many female authors from across higher education globally.
Practising postcolonial pedagogies in higher education teaching and research
Authors: Liddy Mags
Published: August 2021

Teaching about global development challenges is a complex and demanding process both for students and teachers. In this article, I examine the potential of postcolonial pedagogies in facilitating the process of learning to unlearn and in developing learners’ agency in reading the world. I focus on two teaching encounters to examine the potential of postcolonial pedagogies; one is a Sustainable Development module, part of a degree programme in formal higher education and the second teaching encounter are preparatory sessions for overseas volunteers.This paper examines the process and implications of utilising postcolonial pedagogies in these settings and is written from my perspective as a self-reflexive teacher and researcher. This form of teaching and learning raises three particular tensions for me: structural concerns in the Irish education system, pedagogical questions as well as personal implications for me as a teacher and my knowledge base. This article concludes with a summary of these identified tensions, outlining continuing questions rather than presenting solutions. Teaching about global development challenges is difficult, challenging and emotional work, demanding vigilance and reflexivity by the teacher.
Team-taught vs sole-taught anatomy practical classes: Enhancing the student learning experience
Authors: Whitburn Laura , Colasante Meg , McGowan Heath , Hughes Diane , McDonald Aaron , Green Rod , Zacharias Anita
Published: August 2021

Practical classes are an integral part of learning human anatomy. The importance of utilising 3-dimensional resources (such as cadavers and skeletons) is only overshadowed by the teacher/student interactions when determining a positive learning experience. As student diversity in Higher Education increases, teaching approaches must also evolve. This study was developed in response to increased student diversity within an anatomy course. It aimed to compare allied health students’ perceptions of anatomy practical classes delivered via two different formats. In 2018, a team-taught format (comprising a lead demonstrator (LD), clinical demonstrator (CD) and near-peer demonstrator (NPD)) was introduced at the large, metropolitan campus, while the smaller regional campus continued the sole-taught format. Student data were collected via anonymous online surveys and interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using ANOVA or appropriate non-parametric testing and qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Satisfaction scores significantly increased at the team-taught metropolitan campus compared with 2017 when all practical classes were sole taught. Four key themes were realised with the team-taught format: Improved student learning experience; Diverse perspectives; Demonstrator characteristics (Nurturing expert (LD); inspiring clinical contextualiser (CD); relatable study advisor (NPD)); Confidence and approachability. Findings demonstrated that both sole- and team-taught anatomy practical classes can provide students with a positive learning experience; however, a team-taught format of practical classes may provide students with a richer learning experience. The multiple perspectives of different demonstrators were highly valued by students and should be considered as an important approach to teaching students with diverse academic credentials, backgrounds and learning experiences. The interaction between students and teachers is key to instilling motivation and active participation, especially during practical sessions. Stressing key pedagogical (andragogical) principles such as introducing clinical examples and sharing personal experiences can be enhanced if the background of the teaching staff is varied.
Students’ Practices of 21st Century Skills between Conventional learning and Blended Learning
Authors: Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Failasofah Failasofah , Armiwati Armiwati , Abrar Mukhlash , Thabran Yulhenli
Published: August 2021

The application of blended learning in higher education has practically increased through the years, this is however aimed to develop the students rare 21st century skills. Furthermore, the present study investigates the differences in learning process across one semester, and the research design comprised of quasi experimental method without conducting any pre-test, particularly for the conventional and blended learning class. Therefore, self-evaluation questionnaire on 21st century skills were distributed, and the experimental outcome revealed the significant skill practice performed by students in blended learning classes compared to the counterparts in conventional programmes. This learning method was assessed to contain soft and hard skills, in addition to an increased GPA. The aim of this study, therefore, is to investigate the impact of blended learning in course application, with the goal of optimizing students’ 21st century skills and GPA.
Attitudes and experiences among first-year regional Australian undergraduate students toward the study of chemistry
Authors: Naiker Mani , Wakeling Lara , Johnson Joel , Brown Stephen
Published: August 2021

Both attitude and previous experiences play a large role in shaping a student’s approach to and achievement in a given subject. Similarly, students’ enjoyment of their learning experiences is an important factor in determining their retention in their course of choice. Here, we explore the attitudes toward the study of chemistry amongst a cohort of first-year undergraduate students at a regional Australian university, including assessing these parameters at the beginning of their first term, the end of the first term and the end of their second term. In addition, metrics on the students’ experiences of studying chemistry were collected at the latter two timepoints. Generally, student attitudes toward chemistry were positive, as were student learning experiences in most instances. Two-step cluster analysis revealed the presence of two distinct clusters of students within the data, differing significantly in their overall attitude toward the study of chemistry. Students who had studied chemistry in Year 12 did not show any significant differences in their attitudes toward chemistry, when compared to students who had not studied Year 12 chemistry; however, their learning experiences in first-year chemistry were rated as being significantly more positive. We attribute this to their increased ability to engage with and successfully learn from the topic material presented in lectures and tutorials, as their previous exposure to the ‘language’ of chemistry may provide them with an advantage over chemistry-naïve students.
Rediscovering feedback and experiential learning in the English-medium instruction classroom
Authors:   Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea, Kim Jeongyeon , Kim Victoria ,   Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea
Published: August 2021

The worldwide proliferation of English-medium instruction (EMI) in the higher education sector has compelled researchers to investigate the implementation challenges faced by teachers and students in such contexts. However, very few studies have focused on changes in pedagogical approaches to enhance EMI teaching and learning. This explanatory mixed-methods study aimed to examine the value of two pedagogical practices, i.e., formative feedback (FF) and experiential learning (EL), used in an entrepreneurship course in a science-and-technology EMI university in South Korea. The findings of a survey of the 352 business and engineering students enrolled in the course revealed that learners who engaged in extensive FF and EL activities (treatment group) had significantly better self-perceived subject comprehension, motivation, and overall satisfaction with the course than their counterparts who were taught in a lecture-type environment (control group). The analysis of the focus group interview data confirmed that learners perceived these pedagogical practices as effective in promoting the simultaneous acquisition of knowledge of the subject and English language skills, which is the most desirable outcome in an EMI class. This study paves the way for more rigorous research on EMI pedagogy.
The Influence Of Work Competence, Learning Motivation, Independence And Discipline On Work Readiness Of Vocational School Students In Cilacap Regency
Authors: Riyanto Joko , Kuat Tri , Tentama Fatwa
Published: August 2021

This study examines the influence of: (1) job competence on student work readiness, (2) learning motivation on student work readiness, (3) independence on student work readiness, (4) discipline on student work readiness, and (5) job competence, learning motivation, independence and discipline on vocational students' job readiness. The research used quantitative methods, the research subjects were 717 vocational students. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and documentation. The questionnaire used; learning motivation, independence, discipline, and job readiness. The documentation used is the skill competency test scores for student work competencies. The data analysis technique used multiple regression. The implementation stage includes: descriptive analysis, classic assumption test and hypothesis testing. Research result; (1) job competence has a significant influence on vocational students' job readiness, a significance value of 0.007, so that Ha is accepted; (2) learning motivation has a significant effect on vocational students' job readiness, a significance value of 0.000, so that Ha is accepted; (3) independence has a significant effect on vocational students' job readiness, a significance value of 0.022, so that Ha is accepted; (4) discipline has a significant effect on vocational students' job readiness, a significance value of 0.000, so that Ha is accepted; (5) work competence, learning motivation, independence, and discipline together have a very significant effect on vocational students' job readiness, the simultaneous significance value is 0,000, so that Ha is accepted.
DEPORTATION OF THE SOVIET GERMANS THROUGH THE EYES OF A CHILD IN THE NOVELETTE: EXPERIENCE OF REFLECTION AND AUTOREFLECTION
Authors:   Russian State Humanitarian University Institute of Ethnocultural Education Moscow, Russia, Zeyfert E.I.
Published: August 2021

Data for study in the present article is the anthology of literature of the Russian Germans «The rumble of sounds is in the air» having been issued following the anthology of the Russian Germans literature of the second half of the XX – early XXI century «Towards the mistrustful sun». A genre palette of the new edition is the following: a novel, a novelette, a story, a miniature and a schwank. The book has been prepared for printing by the Institute of Ethnocultural Education in cooperation with the International Union of the German Culture. Due to the announced subject, i.e. deportation of the Soviet Germans through the eyes of a child, such works as «Our Yard» by Gugo Vorsmbekher, «The Nonfictional Landscape» by Olegа Klingа, «The Nonwoven of Fate» by Nellie Kossko and «The Melting Boat. The Karaganda novelet» by Elena Zeyfert, giving the experience of an autoreflection, are analyzed. Deportation of the Russian Germans through the child's eyes is shown at the Russian Germans mainly in the novelette; the subject is the character or the story-teller character. «The Nonfictional Landscape» by O. Klinga flickers between the novel and the story. Its poetics gravitates toward the specific for the novelette historical sight and two spheres of «friend or for». The genre of the novelette is interesting to the authors not only with the tendency to one main plot, the central character which is easy for attaching to the child. Constant is the historical sight of the novelette. The child can’t realize the originality of the situation which he is in. He just lives, noticing singularity of adults’ behavior remaining at that in the children’s world. He experiences recurrence of time altogether with the cycles of his own life. Such is Sasha of Klinga, Fritz of Vormsbekher, Emma of Kossko and Mariyka of Zeyfert. The other reason lies in the sphere of the internal movement of the plot and chronotope: the hero leaves from one valuable (and an existential point) in another and then comes back.
ARTISTIC FEATURES IN THE PAINTER AMAN MUKAZHANOV’S WORKS
Authors:   T.K. Zhurgenov Kazakh National Academy of Arts, Yespenova A.T.
Published: August 2021

The article studies the handicraft made of leather in the works of Aman Mukazhanov. Images in the work are analyzed, the painter‘s creativity is studied. At the same time,the level of development of modern leather arts is determined based on creativity of D. Shokparov, who contributed to the development of decorative and applied arts the trends in the development of leather working art are examined ш the article at the works of other modern artists through the art of Mukazhanov. The author also considers new trends of leather working art and master painters in this field. By carrying out comparative and stylistic analysis, he opens artistic peculiarity of the work. The historical and comparative methods make an effort to define the connection ofaims of art history theory and artistic process. From the article, we can learn the history and level of development and cunent state of the leather working art, which is one field of Applied and Decorative Ants.
KAZAKHSTAN AND TATARSTAN IN THE ASPECT OF CULTURAL INTERACTION
Authors:   M.O.Auezov Institute of Literature and Art, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mashakova A.K. , Khabutdinova М.М. ,   Kazan Federal University,Kazan, Russia
Published: August 2021

In this article, the cultural interaction between Kazakhstan and Tatarstan is considered on the example of the translation of works by Kazakh writers into the Tatar language and on the example of the participation of Tatar writers in Kazakhstan international conferences. As the study shows, at the beginning of the 21st century, there is an increasing interest in translations from national languages, as evidenced by the appearance of numerous collections of translations from the Kazakh language, published by Kazan publishers («Ilһam», «Tatarskoe knizhnoe izdatelstvo»). The quality of the translations is high, since they are all performed from the original language. The analysis of the translation works allows to arrive at a conclusion that modern translators find interesting forms in the Tatar language for an adequate rendering of the poetics of works of the Kazakh authors.
POSTMODERN VISION OF THE WORLD IN MODERN LITERATURE
Authors:   M.O. Auezov Institute of Literature and ArtAlmaty, Kazakshtan, Ananyeva S.V.
Published: August 2021

The leading trends in the world literary process are summarized in the article based on the analysis of modern Kazakh, Belarusian and Finnish literature, which are characterized by new approaches to the interpretation of reality, reflecting the postmodern world view. Prose writers and poets build complex spatio-temporal relationships in literary texts, when pictures of the past replace the present, complementing and concretizing what has already happened. The transformation of the structure of the work of art, the chain of incredible coincidences and repetitions, the lyrical-autobiographical nature of the narrative, the metaphorical style, mythological imagery make it possible to fancifully interweave pictures of reality and fiction. The authors continue the experiment with the language and text, graphic design in different fonts, the inclusion of SMS messages, visuals, editing and clip series of images. A characteristic feature of the works is autobiography. The theme of family, childhood and gender policy is becoming a leading topic in modern Finnish and Belarusian literature. The literary text comes closer to the media text. Belarusian, Kazakh and Finnish literature are active participants in the world literary process. A postmodern vision of the world opens up new possibilities for creating characters of heroes and entering into dialogue thanks to new literary translations.
SOME SPECIFICS OF THE RECEPTION OF KAZAKH LITERATURE IN GERMANY
Authors:   M.O.Auezov Institute of Literature and Art, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mashakova A.
Published: August 2021

In the article the author discusses the process of reception of Kazakh literature in Germany. Some features inherent in each stage of the development of the German reception of Kazakh literature are analyzed. For example, the descriptive and historical-cognitive nature of the perception of the first works of Kazakh writers, which were translated into German in the 1950s. The modern stage of the German reception is due to the predominance of in-depth analysis of the works of Kazakh authors. The names of modern participants in the process of German reception of Kazakh literature are presented. German researchers such as Leonard Kossuth,Sigrid Kleinmichel,Marcel Erdahl, Mark Kirchner, Friedrich Hitzer, Hans-Peter Durr and others are the active participants of the modern process of foreign reception of Kazakh literature. German professional readers analyze the artistic merits and style features of the works by Kazakh authors. They address the works of Kazakh authors with constant interest and evaluate them positively.