bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NURSES' PERCEPTIONS AND SELF-EFFICACY IN IMPLEMENTING PALLIATIVE CARE IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Kurnia Theresia Avila , Trisyani Yanny , Prawesti Ayu
Published: January 2019

Background: The increasing need for palliative care in intensive care unit (ICU) is indicated by the increasing number of patients with critical and terminal conditions or life-threatening diseases. A comprehensive handling through palliative care by nurses is needed. Self-efficacy is the main predictor that influences the application of palliative care in ICU. Therefore, nurses should have high self-efficacy in order to provide qualified palliative care for patients and their families.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between perceptions and self-efficacy of nurses in applying palliative care in ICU.

Methods: This study was a correlational study with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used was total sampling, which involved all nurses who were actively working at the Bandung General Hospital during the study. There were 127 people in total. Data were collected using questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was used for the univariate analysis and Pearson correlation test was used for bivariate analysis.

Results: The results of univariate analysis showed that the majority of respondents had high self-efficacy (56.7%) and negative perceptions (52%) related to palliative care in the intensive room. Based on the results of bivariate analysis, there was a significant relationship between perception and self-efficacy variables (p value = 0.000).

Conclusion: The results showed that high number of respondents had negative perceptions related to their competences in implementing palliative care in the ICU. Therefore, socializations and trainings related to this are needed, which focus on nurses' beliefs in their abilities.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PARTICIPATION OF NURSES IN EARLY DETECTION OF CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Suantika Putu Inge Ruth , Hermayanti Yanti , Kurniawan Titis
Published: January 2019

Background: The number of cervical cancer still remains high among women, including nurses in Indonesia. This is due to low participation of them to early detect and prevent it.Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the participation of nurses in early detection (pap-smear test) of cervical cancer at the hospitals in Bandung Indonesia.Methods: This was a correlational study with a cross-sectional approach on 286 nurses selected using cluster sampling at three hospitals in Bandung on March 2018. Data were collected using health belief model (HBM) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher exact and multivariate logistic regression test.Results: Factors associated with pap-smear behavior were the level of education, perceived susceptibility, perceived barrier and self-efficacy (p-value <0.05). Perceived susceptibility was the most correlated factor with pap-smear behavior with relationship strength (OR) of 16.259 and gave an effect of 27.89% as illustrated in the model equation of y = 0.324 + 2.789 susceptibility + 2.738 barriers.Conclusion: Pap smear behavior of the nurses was still relatively low because they had a negative perception of susceptibility to cervical cancer. Therefore, information is needed to change the nurses' perception related to the susceptibility of symptoms and risk factors that encourages nurses to do the pap-smear and increase nurses' awareness to actively participate in cervical cancer prevention program.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY FUNCTIONING AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF CAREGIVER OF CHILDREN WITH LEUKEMIA
Authors: Fadhilla Annisha , Nurhidayah Ikeu , Adistie Fanny
Published: January 2019

Background: Quality of life of caregiver of children with leukemia is important because it can affect the quality of care provided and can affect the health of children and the caregiver themselves. One of the factors that influence the caregiver’s quality of life is the family functioning. However, a few number of research on the correlation of family functioning in the caregiver's situation.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between family functioning and the caregiver’s quality of life of children with leukemia.

Methods: This study used a Quality of Life Family Version questionnaire and a Family Assessment Device questionnaire. The populations in this study were all parents (father or mother) who were the primary caregiver of children with leukemia aged 0-15 years and were being treated at a referral hospital in West Java, Indonesia. Thirty-two respondents were determined by a total sampling technique. The data analysis used frequency distribution and chi-square.

Results: The results showed that the family functioning and quality of life of the caregiver had the same results, 50% good and 50% poor. Correlation test in this study showed a negative value with p value > 0.05 (0.480), which indicated that there was no correlation between family functioning and the quality of life of the caregiver.

Conclusion: The correlation between family functioning and caregiver's quality of life was not significant. This is likely due to the variable family functioning and the caregiver’s quality of life having balanced results. The results of this study need to be followed up by providing nursing care holistically not only to children, but also to families, especially who are directly involved in child care.
UTILIZING POETRY TO ENHANCE STUDENT NURSES’ REFLECTIVE SKILLS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Uligraff Deby Kristiani
Published: January 2019

The notion of reflective practice has been considered important in healthcare professionals’ practice. In nursing, particularly in developed countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, it has been set as a required competence for registration. Some action has been taken to support the achievement of competent and reflective practitioners, including embedding reflection in the nursing pre-registration education curriculum. In the past twenty years, there has been focus on using art-based initiatives to help student nurses to reflect on their clinical experience. Amongst the art forms, poetry has been used as a reflective tool. Many studies found that poetry could be helpful for developing students’ reflective skills. This literature review was conducted to identify the feasibility and promising benefit of using poetry to increase student nurses’ reflective skills. A comprehensive search of the literature and integrative review were undertaken for reviewing and discussing the evidence-based literature that supports the using of poetry as a reflective tool. A critical and narrative approach was undertaken for 16 relevant literature related to the importance of reflection in practice, the promising potential to enhance students’ reflective skills during academic education, and how poetry might promote students’ reflective skills. The literature review showed that using poetry in education have been carried out, and have yielded positive results. It is promising to note that the development of reflective practice, as required to be an attribute of a registered nurse, could be stimulated and achieved by the employment of poetry as a reflective tool in clinical education. The literature review also demostrated that using poetry as a reflective tool in nursing education is both feasible and worthwhile. Therefore, it is proven that using poetry as a means of reflection in an education setting is beneficial and valuable.
Semen Microbiome Biogeography: An Analysis Based on a Chinese Population Study
Authors: Ma Zhanshan (Sam) , Li Lianwei
Published: January 2019

Investigating inter-subject heterogeneity (or spatial distribution) of human semen microbiome diversity is of important significance. Theoretically, the spatial distribution of biodiversity constitutes the core of microbiome biogeography. Practically, the inter-subject heterogeneity is crucial for understanding the normal (healthy) flora of semen microbiotas as well as their possible changes associated with abnormal fertility. In this article, we analyze the scaling (changes) of semen microbiome diversity across individuals with DAR (diversity-area relationship) analysis, a recent extension to classic SAR (species-area relationship) law in biogeography and ecology. Specifically, the unit of “area” is individual subject, and the microbial diversity in seminal fluid of an individual (area) is assessed via metagenomic DNA sequencing technique and measured in the Hill numbers. The DAR models were then fitted to the accrued diversity across different number of individuals (area size). We further tested the difference in DAR parameters among the healthy, subnormal, and abnormal microbiome samples in terms of their fertility status based on a cross-sectional study of a Chinese cohort. Given that no statistically significant differences in the DAR parameters were detected among the three groups, we built unified DAR models for semen microbiome by combining the healthy, subnormal, and abnormal groups. The model parameters were used to (i) estimate the microbiome diversity scaling in a population (cohort), and construct the so-termed DAR profile; (ii) predict/construct the maximal accrual diversity (MAD) profile in a population; (iii) estimate the pair-wise diversity overlap (PDO) between two individuals and construct the PDO profile; (iv) assess the ratio of individual diversity to population (RIP) accrual diversity. The last item (RIP) is a new concept we propose in this study, which is essentially a ratio of local diversity to regional or global diversity (LRD/LGD), applicable to general biodiversity investigation beyond human microbiome.
INVESTIGATION ON THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORT EXHAUST EMISSIONS ON THE AIR
Authors: Baltrenas Pranas , Vaitiekūnas Petras , Mincevič Irena
Published: January 2019

The investigation carried out has revealed that in Vievis settlement and near the highway Vilnius ‐ Kaunas the highest concentrations of pollutants are emitted during morning and afternoon rush‐hours when motor transport traffic is the heaviest. Extremely high amounts of emitted aerosol particles were recorded 1–2 m away from the driving part, and 4–6 m away the amounts of aerosol particles sharply go down. CO gas concentrations caused by passing motor transport were also analysed. It has been set that the concentrations of CO and aerosol particles depend directly on motor transport traffic intensity. CO concentration goes evenly down receding from the driving part. In most cases maximum permitted concentration of CO was recorded.
TESTING ON NOISE LEVEL PREVAILING AT MOTOR VEHICLE PARKING LOTS AND NUMERAL SIMULATION OF ITS DISPERSION
Authors: Baltrėnas Pranas , Kazlauskas Dainius , Petraitis Egidijus
Published: January 2019

In Vilnius and in other bigger towns the noise generated by mobile sources accounts for up to 90 % of the total noise level in a town. A high noise level is detected at motor vehicle parking lots. To measure this noise level, testing was carried out at guarded parking lots which were divided into certain types. One lot of each type was chosen for testing. The number of measuring spots was conditioned by the size of a lot. The data obtained during testing reveal that the highest noise level is generated not at a parking lot but on a nearby street. Such conclusions are proved by the results of testing carried out at a parking lot on È. Sugihara street. Although this lot parks over 100 vehicles, the equivalent noise level is 47 dBA. Basing on the testing data, the numeral simulation of the noise dispersion in areas in the vicinity of parking lots has been run with the help of the numeral simulation software IMMI.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SUBSTANCE CONCENTRATION CHANGES WHEN FILTERING WATER WITH FILTERS
Authors: Šaltenienė Aušra , Prentkovskis Olegas
Published: January 2019

This study presents non‐reagent groundwater removal technology at precipitation of substances (iron, ammonium and manganese) in sand filters of an experimental pilot plant (Fig 1). For experimental investigation the ground‐water of Pagiriai watering place (Kirtimai watering place junctions) in Vilnius city was chosen. The ground water from this watering place does not meet the requirements of a satisfactory‐quality class due to high concentrations of iron and manganese. Experiments were carried out from Aug 13 to Oct 15 of 2003 with the aim of removing iron, ammonium and manganese from groundwater subject to the depth of filters and rate of filtration. Groundwater was aerated and filtered through three experimental filters at a rate of 10, 15 and 20 m/h. The results of the investigation show that the concentrations of studied substances subject to the depth of filters are reduced. The investigated process of iron, ammonium and manganese removal at the filtration rate of 10 m/h ensures water quality that meets the requirements for a very high‐quality class. Filtration of aerated water through filter 2 at 20 m/h rate does not ensure the concentration of manganese in the outlet less than 0,03 mg/1. If sand media is not enough unriped for manganese removal (filter 3), the concentration of manganese in the outlet does not ensure a good drinking‐water quality class. For the mathematical description of changes in average substance concentrations at typical points polynomials were used. In conformity with this description it is possible to determine variation in concentrations of studied substances (iron, ammonium, manganese) at characteristic points in the filter medium.
ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PROBLEM: A REVIEW
Authors: Oke Sunday Ayoola
Published: January 2019

The commercial sector of most industrialised economy accounts for a significant percentage of the total environmental pollution (EP) that we experience today. Recent advancements in EP research have therefore provided environmental regulators and health scientists with a wide array of solution techniques. Unfortunately, the EP literature has lagged behind in providing an up‐to‐date integrated stream of research that could be useful for new entrants and experienced researchers. The objective of the paper is to present a comprehensive review of EP research. The principal motivating factor is the deficiency of informative articles that reveal the length, breadth and depth of scientific investigations in the area. The study extends to a general survey, models, empirical studies and cases that have extended the frontier of knowledge in EP research. Our aim is to stimulate further empirical and theoretical developments in the EP area. A second intent is to argue that research into EP provides great potentials for increasing our knowledge regarding environmental management. The future holds promising results for researchers and practitioners engaged in EP research. Future studies are expected to save billions of dollars through development of novel cost‐effective methods.
PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM DOMESTIC WASTEWATER IN HORIZONTAL SUBSURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND AFTER 8 YEARS OF OPERATION – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Karczmarczyk Agnieszka
Published: January 2019

Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands can effectively treat high levels of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids. They are also effective as phosphorus trap but usually for a short time. This phenomenon was observed in the presented case study, an example of subsurface flow reed bed filled with “improved” site soil where it was assumed that the permeability of bed would increase as a result of reed penetration. Fine grained site soil was initially effective trap for phosphorus from wastewater. However, during operation clogging of bed media proceeded and phosphorus sorption capacity used up. In general, the longevity of subsurface flow wetlands as phosphorus sinks depends on the hydraulic load, phosphorus load and the type of the media used in bed construction. To be effective as phosphorus sorbent, substrate should contain high levels of Ca, Al and Fe oxides and possess suitable sorption capacity, quick time of reaction and suitable permeability.
PUBLIC GOODS VERSUS THE FARM PRICE-COST SQUEEZE: SHAPING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE EU’S COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY
Authors: Czyżewski Bazyli , Matuszczak Anna , Miśkiewicz Radosław
Published: January 2019

There is a consensus that farmers are subject to farm price-cost squeeze (PCS) when commodity prices fall and costs of production rise long-term. Willard Cochrane was the first to examine this phenomenon, introducing the notion that farmers are on a market treadmill. PCS is still a principle economic problem in agriculture touching farms in all over the world. It results from flexible prices but also from monopsony structures where recipients of commodities seize the opportunity of suboptimal pricing. Many studies indicate increasing retail farm price spreads but this lacks empirical studies on the effects of different types of subsidies on PCS. This work attempted to model EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) impact on PCS using the Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) production function, specified as in most CGE models. However, the authors tested the assumption of flexible prices reacting to changes in productivity. This approach is novel, while supported with an input-output analysis used to precisely decompose price and volume (productivity) effects at the level of a FADN representative farm. The results help to shape CAP shedding light on the present treadmill mechanism and showing that provision of public goods may be a remedy for market imperfections, whereas decoupled payments have the opposite influence.
Spacecraft Radio Frequency Fluctuations in the Solar Corona: A MESSENGER–HELIOS Composite Study
Authors: Wexler David B. , Hollweg Joseph V. , Efimov Anatoli I. , Lukanina Liudmila A. , Coster Anthea J. , Vierinen Juha , Jensen Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2019

Fluctuations in plasma electron density may play a role in solar coronal energy transport and the dissipation of wave energy. Transcoronal spacecraft radio sounding observations reveal frequency fluctuations (FFs) that encode the electron number density disturbances, allowing an exploration of the coronal compressive wave and advected inhomogeneity models. Primary FF observations from MESSENGER 2009 and published FF residuals from HELIOS 1975–1976 superior conjunctions were combined to produce a composite view of equatorial region FF near solar minimum over solar offset range 1.4–25R
⊙. Methods to estimate the electron number density fluctuation variance from the observed FF were developed. We created a simple stacked, magnetically structured slab model that incorporated both propagating slow density waves and advected spatial density variations to explain the observed FF. Slow density waves accounted for most of the FF at low solar offset, while spatial density inhomogeneities advected at solar wind speed dominated above the sonic point at 6R
⊙. Corresponding spatial scales ranged 1–38 Mm, with scales above 10 Mm contributing most to FF variance. Magnetic structuring of the model introduced radial elongation anistropy at lower solar offsets, but geometric conditions for isotropy were achieved as the slab correlation scales increased further out in the corona. The model produced agreement with the FF observations up to 12R
⊙. FF analysis provides information on electron density fluctuations in the solar corona, and should take into account the background compressive slow waves and solar wind-related advection of quasi-static spatial density variations.
Light Curves of a Shock-breakout Material and a Relativistic Off-axis Jet from a Binary Neutron Star System
Authors: Fraija N. , Pedreira A. C. Caligula do E. S. , Veres P.
Published: January 2019

Binary neutron star mergers are believed to eject significant masses with a diverse range of velocities. Once these ejected materials begin to be decelerated by a homogeneous medium, relativistic electrons are mainly cooled down by synchrotron radiation, generating a multiwavelength long-lived afterglow. Analytic and numerical methods illustrate that the outermost matter, the merger shock-breakout material, can be parametrized by power-law velocity distributions

. Considering that the shock-breakout material is moving on-axis toward the observer and the relativistic jet off-axis, we compute the light curves during the relativistic and the lateral expansion phase. As a particular case, we successfully describe the X-ray, optical, and radio light curves alongside the spectral energy distribution from the recently discovered gravitational-wave transient GW170817, when the merger shock-breakout material moves with mildly relativistic velocities and achieves the near-Newtonian phase and the jet moves with relativistic velocities. Future electromagnetic counterpart observations of this binary system could be able to evaluate different properties of these light curves.
High-mass Star Formation in the nearby Region G352.630-1.067. I. Parallax
Authors: Chen Xi , Li Jing-Jing , Zhang Bo , Ellingsen Simon P. , Xu Ye , Ren Zhi-Yuan , Shen Zhi-Qiang , Sobolev Andrej M.
Published: January 2019

Young or forming high-mass stars that are nearby and not within a cluster environment have the potential to provide fundamental insights into star formation. In this paper we report such a candidate (G352.630-1.067), for which we have measured the distance through very long baseline interferometry parallax observations of the associated 6.7 GHz class II methanol maser. We determine the distance to the source to be

kpc, which makes it the second nearest high-mass star formation region (HMSFR) known, with only the Orion Nebula being closer. This may place this source, not within a Galactic spiral arm, but in the region between the Local and Sagittarius arms, indicating that molecular clouds in interarm regions may also generate high-mass stars. Kinematic association between this source and the Sagittarius Arm suggests that it may be located in a spur extending outward from this arm. Comparison with the known, nearby HMSFRs (distances less than 1 kpc), reveal that G352.630-1.067 is in a more isolated environment than others, hence providing an excellent candidate for investigations of the processes that form individual high-mass stars. We find a good spatial correlation between the 6.7 GHz methanol maser and high angular resolution images of the infrared outflow, suggesting that the class II methanol masers are closely associated with a jet/outflow in this source.
The Extended H i Disk and Star Formation in the Dwarf Spiral Galaxy NGC 4701
Authors: Das Mousumi , Sengupta Chandreyee , Honey M.
Published: January 2019

We present H i, optical, and near-infrared observations of the nearby bulgeless, dwarf spiral galaxy NGC 4701. The galaxy lies on the Virgo filament and is one of the most gas-rich dwarfs in our local environment. Our aim is to understand the gas-disk morphology of the galaxy and see how it relates to the star formation in its disk. Our Hα observations reveal a small star-forming disk associated with the old stellar disk of radius ∼50″. However, the B-band and near-UV GALEX emission extend out to a radius of R

b25 = 108″, revealing an extended star-forming disk lying in the halo-dominated region of the galaxy. The H i disk extends out to a radius of ∼200″, which is close to four times the size of the old stellar disk. The rotation curve has a flat rotation velocity of ∼125 km s−1 and starts falling after a radius of 160″, indicating that the dark matter mass is at least ∼76% of the galaxy mass. The environment and H i rich nature suggest that cold gas accretion could be driving the star formation in the outer blue disk. The disk morphology and star formation in NGC 4701 are very similar to those of late-type spirals that have extended UV disks. Thus, our observations lead us to conclude that NGC 4701 is a classic example of a late-type dwarf spiral galaxy and its nature supports the idea that dwarfs also follow a morphological sequence similar to spirals on the Hubble Sequence.
Constraining Theories of Polarized SiO Maser Transport: Multi-epoch Analysis of a π/2 Electric Vector Rotation Feature
Authors: Tobin T. L. , Kemball A. J. , Gray M. D.
Published: January 2019

The detailed polarization mechanisms of SiO masers originating from the near-circumstellar environment of asymptotic giant branch stars are not yet definitively known. Prevailing theories are broadly classified as either Zeeman or non-Zeeman in origin, the latter including effects such as anisotropic pumping or anisotropic resonant scattering. The predicted behavior of the linear and circular polarization fractions and the electric vector position angle (EVPA) vary by theory. In particular, individual maser features that exhibit a rotation in linear polarization of ∼π/2 as a function of frequency over their extent can be utilized as a test of several maser polarization transport theories. In this paper, we analyze one SiO (ν = 1, J = 1 − 0) maser feature toward the Mira variable, TX Cam, that exhibits this internal polarization rotation and persists across five epochs (spanning ∼3 months). We compare our results to the predictions by several maser polarization theories and find that the linear polarization across the feature is consistent with a geometric effect for a saturated maser originating when the angle between the projected magnetic field and the line of sight (θ) crosses the Van Vleck angle θ

F
 ∼ 55°. However, the EVPA exhibits a smooth rotation across the spatial extent of the feature rather than the expected abrupt π/2 flip. We discuss possible explanations for this discrepancy and alternative theories. Circular polarization across the feature is also analyzed, and it is most accurately described by Zeeman effects giving rise to a circular polarization fraction of the form

.
Detection of Rossby Waves in the Sun using Normal-mode Coupling
Authors: Hanasoge Shravan , Mandal Krishnendu
Published: January 2019

Rossby waves play a fundamental role in angular momentum processes in rotating fluids. In addition to the potential to shed light on physical mechanisms operating in the solar convection zone, the recent detection of Rossby waves in the Sun also serves as a means of comparison between different helioseismic methods. Time–distance helioseismology, ring-diagram analysis, and other techniques have all proven successful in recovering the Rossby-wave dispersion relation from analyses of Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager data (HMI). In this article, we demonstrate that analyses of two years of HMI global-mode-oscillation data using the technique of normal-mode coupling also show signatures of Rossby waves. In addition to providing an independent means of inferring Rossby waves, this detection lends credence to the methodology of mode coupling and encourages a more complete exploration of its possibilities.
Whistler Fan Instability Driven by Strahl Electrons in the Solar Wind
Authors: Vasko I. Y. , Krasnoselskikh V. , Tong Y. , Bale S. D. , Bonnell J. W. , Mozer F. S.
Published: January 2019

We present a theoretical analysis of electron heat flux inhibition in the solar wind when a significant portion of the heat flux is carried by strahl electrons. We adopt core-strahl velocity distribution functions typical for the solar wind at 0.3–4 au to demonstrate that strahl electrons are capable of generating highly oblique whistler waves at wave numbers kρ

e
 ∼ 1, where ρ

e
is typical thermal electron gyroradius. The whistler waves are driven by electrons in the anomalous cyclotron resonances (the fan instability) and propagate at typical angles of about 70°–80° to the strahl that is usually anti-sunward. The group velocity of the whistler waves is predominantly parallel to the strahl, thereby facilitating efficient scattering of strahl electrons. We suggest that the highly oblique whistler waves drive pitch-angle scattering of strahl electrons, resulting in halo formation and suppressing the heat flux of strahl electrons below a threshold that is shown to depend on β

e
. The proposed fan instability is fundamentally different from the whistler heat flux instability driven by the normal cyclotron resonance with halo electrons and being ineffective in suppressing the heat flux of the strahl.
A world dataset on the geographic distributions of Solenidae razor clams (Mollusca: Bivalvia)
Authors: Saeedi Hanieh , Costello Mark
Published: January 2019

Using this dataset, we examined the global geographical distributions of Solenidae species in relation to their endemicity, species richness and latitudinal ranges and then predicted their distributions under future climate change using species distribution modelling techniques (Saeedi et al. 2016a, Saeedi et al. 2016b). We found that the global latitudinal species richness in Solenidae is bi-modal, dipping at the equator most likely derived by high sea surface temperature (Saeedi et al. 2016b). We also found that most of the Solenidae species will shift their distribution ranges polewards due to global warming (Saeedi et al. 2016a). We also provided a comprehensive review of the taxon to test whether the latitudinal gradient in species richness was uni-modal with a peak in the tropics or northern hemisphere or asymmetric and bimodal as proposed previously (Chaudhary et al. 2016).

This paper presents an integrated global geographic distribution dataset for 77 Solenidae taxa, including 3,034 geographic distribution records. This dataset was compiled after a careful data-collection and cleaning procedure over four years. Data were collected using field sampling, literature and from open-access databases. Then all the records went through quality control procedures such as validating the taxonomy of the species by examining and re-identifying the specimens in museum collections and using taxonomic and geographic data quality control tools in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) and the r-OBIS package (Provoost and Bosch 2017). This dataset can thus be further used for taxonomical and biogeographical studies of Solenidae.
Functional traits of acquisitive invasive woody species differ from conservative invasive and native species
Authors: Dyderski Marcin K. , Jagodziński Andrzej M.
Published: January 2019

One of the most important sources of invasiveness is species’ functional traits and their variability. However there are still few studies on invasive tree species traits conducted along resource gradients that allow for a comparison of acquisitive and conservative strategies. We aimed to assess the differences in trait variation among native alien conservative and alien acquisitive tree species along resource availability gradients (soil fertility and light availability) and to assess the traits variability of the species studied along resources availability gradients. Our study compared invasive tree species in Europe (Prunusserotina Ehrh. Quercusrubra L. and Robiniapseudoacacia L.) with their native competitors (Acerpseudoplatanus L. A.platanoides L. Quercuspetraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Fagussylvatica L.). The study was conducted on 1329 seedlings and saplings collected in a system of 372 study plots in W Poland. For each individual we assessed leaf stem and root mass ratios total biomass leaf area ratio specific leaf area and projected leaf area. Two invasive species (P.serotina and R.pseudoacacia) represented a more acquisitive strategy than native species – along litter pH and light availability gradients these species had higher leaf mass fraction specific leaf area and leaf area ratio. In contrast Q.rubra had the highest total biomass and root mass fraction. Alien species usually had higher coefficients of variation of studied traits. This suggests that relatively high projected leaf area as a way of filling space and outcompeting native species may be reached in two ways – biomass allocation to leaves and control of leaf morphology or by overall growth rate. High variability of invasive species traits also suggests randomness in seedling survival which similarly to the neutral theory of invasion highlights the necessity of including randomness in modelling biological invasions.
Harmonizing plot data with collection data
Authors: Petersen Mareike , Glöckler Falko , Hoffmann Jana
Published: January 2019

Although plot or monitoring data are quite often associated with objects collected in the plot and stored in specific collections, controlled vocabularies currently available do not cover both disciplines. This situation limits the possibility to publish common data sets and consequently brings a loss of significant information by combining plot-based research with collection object associated data. To facilitate the exchange and publication of these important data sets, experts in natural history collection data, ecological research, and environmental science met for a one-day workshop in Berlin. The participants discussed data standards and ontologies relevant for each discipline and collected requirements for a first application schema covering terms important for both, collection object related data and plot-based research.
The CLUZ plugin for QGIS: designing conservation area systems and other ecological networks
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: January 2019

Systematic conservation planning is the most widely used approach for designing conservation area systems and other types of ecological network. Thus, user-friendly decision support tools are needed to guide conservation planners when using this approach.

CLUZ is a QGIS plugin that can be used for on-screen conservation planning and also acts as an interface for Marxan, the most widely used spatial conservation prioritisation software package.
Une perspective centrée sur la personne de la « psychopathologie »
Authors: Bohart Art , Berthoud Laurent
Published: January 2019

Je présente une perspective centrée sur la personne relative à la psychopathologie. Les personnes possèdent une capacité naturelle de guérison de soi et de développement de leur sagesse interne afin de s’auto-organiser. À mes yeux, la psychopathologie survient lorsque divers facteurs empêchent les personnes d’utiliser ces capacités de manière productive. Les conditions de valeur sont un facteur majeur. Elles sont omniprésentes et ne se rencontrent pas seulement durant l’enfance, mais durant le reste de la vie également. Je conclus qu’il est nécessaire que nous changions la société – elle doit devenir plus acceptante et empathique – en vue de se débarrasser de la « psychopathologie ».
Que signifie être humain ?
Authors: McMillan Mhairi , Ducroux-Biass Françoise
Published: January 2019

Ce texte, fruit d’une réflexion poussée sur ce que signifie « être humain », explore les différents modes d’être en relation, allant de la première relation au monde, celle que nous avons avec nous-même, à la dernière, celle que nous avons avec la mort. Cet article décrit le processus de l’évolution du soi. L’auteure s’appuie sur la théorie de Carl Rogers, notamment de sa vision du soi, et sur diverses philosophies spirituelles pour étayer son propos, décrivant ainsi de multiples considérations sur la définition du « soi » : soi « organismique », soi « ringard », « vrai » soi, « non-soi », soi « illusoire ». Elle nous parle de ses expériences d’écoute et d’empathie, clés de la mise en résonance avec l’autre. Comment cette résonance est-elle possible s’interroge-t-elle. Sans parler de certitudes, elle nous entraîne dans des considérations mystiques qui ouvrent sur des perspectives contrastantes sur la conscience de soi. Un tel cheminement nous invite à la réflexion. Sommes-nous qui nous croyons être ? Comment notre statut d’être humain nous permet-il d’être en relation ? Faisons-nous l’expérience de l’Unité avec l’univers ? Autant de questions qui restent ouvertes.
Aspects à considérer lorsque l’on répond aux questions et demandes des clients en thérapie centrée sur la personne
Authors: Temaner Brodley Barbara , Leal Mauricio
Published: January 2019

Les réponses des thérapeutes centrés sur la personne aux questions ou aux demandes qui leur sont adressées par les clients reposent sur les fondements de la non-directivité et les valeurs éthiques de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. L’auteur invite à la réflexion quant à ce que signifie écouter et prendre profondément en compte les questions et les demandes des clients.
Clinical Use of Dopamine Modulators as Third-Generation Antipsychotic Agents
Authors: Limandri Barbara J.
Published: January 2019

When dopamine was identified as a primary target for schizophrenia, the dopamine antagonists, now referred to as first-generation antipsychotics, were added to our pharmacopeia. In the 1990s, with the discovery of risperidone and clozapine, the mechanism of dopamine receptor antagonism was paired with serotonin receptor antagonism to give rise to second-generation antipsychotics. A decade later these mechanisms were further refined to selective dopamine receptors antagonism and serotonin receptors antagonism and agonism to create a modulation or stabilization of dopamine nerve firing in differential ways. This new wave may be referred to as the third generation. The current article reviews the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of these dopamine modulators. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(2), 7–11.]
Factors Associated With Epithelial Defects After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Chou Lin , Cohen Elisabeth J , Laibson Peter A , Rapuano Christopher J
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

A prospective study of 84 consecutive patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty over a 6-month interval was performed to identify risk factors for postoperative epithelial defects.

Data collected included donor age, host age, time postmortem until enucleation, general health of donor and host, any history of glaucoma, any surgical procedure, the indication for penetrating keratoplasty, and the presence of any epithelial defect preoperatively in the donor. Patients were evaluated 1 day postoperatively for any epithelial defects greater than 1 mm2 central to the sutures. Single-variable associations and multiple stepwise logistic regression using standard biostatistical techniques were performed.

Thirty-one percent (26 of 84) of the patients had epithelial defects on the first postoperative day. Only diabetes in the donor (P = .03) and longer death-toenucleation times (P = .03) were associated with an increased risk of epithelial defects. We conclude that diabetes in the donor and longer death-to-enucleation times predispose to epithelial defects after penetrating keratoplasty.
La participación popular en la revolución de independencia en el actual territorio argentino, 1810-1821
Authors: Di Meglio Gabriel
Published: January 2019

La intervención política de las clases populares en el periodo independentista hispanoamericano fue muy destacada en diversos espacios integrantes de la monarquía española. Este artículo revisa las características y los motivos de esa intervención en los territorios que hoy forman parte de la República Argentina: la participación de la plebe de la ciudad de Buenos Aires y la movilización rural en el Litoral, en Salta y en Jujuy. Se ocupa, a la vez, del involucramiento de los esclavos en el proceso revolucionario en distintos espacios y del impacto de la movilización militar.
Rebelión, guerrilla y tributo: los indios en Charcas durante el proceso de independencia
Authors: Soux María Luisa
Published: January 2019

El artículo analiza las formas de participación indígena en el proceso hacia la independencia en Charcas (hoy Bolivia), entre 1809 y 1825. Los indios buscaron fundamentalmente mantener la propiedad de sus tierras y la independencia de sus autoridades frente a la crisis generalizada y la incertidumbre; para ello, establecieron alianzas, conspiraron, organizaron sublevaciones y participaron abiertamente en la lucha guerrillera siguiendo pautas propias de su cultura política.
Montoneras Populares durante la gestación de la República, Chile: 1810-1820
Authors: León Leonardo
Published: January 2019

Se examina el movimiento social que se produjo en Chile central durante la década 1810-1820, analizando con particular atención el surgimiento de las montoneras populares que, de modo simultáneo con monarquistas y mapuches, desafiaron el proyecto republicano. Cipriano Palma, José María Zapata, Pablo Pincheira y Vicente Benavides, entre otros, emergen como los líderes de las guerrillas plebeyas que obligaron al retroceso de las fuerzas revolucionarias desde Concepción hacia la capital, junto con centenares de sujetos anónimos que, bajo el disfraz de asaltantes, ladrones y bandidos, asolaron villas y estancias. Se plantea que los grupos subalternos sacaron ventaja del vacío de poder que generó la Revolución, para levantarse en armas y, de esa manera, resistieron la instalación de un régimen político monopolizado por los criollos. El relato constituye una visión revisionista de la historiografía de la época, elaborada en torno a las hazañas de la elite y del Estado.
Cacao y encomienda en la Alcaldía Mayor de Sonsonate, siglo XVI
Authors: Tous Meritxell
Published: January 2019

Este estudio analiza la importancia del cacao en la Alcaldía Mayor de Sonsonate, especialmente en la región de los Izalcos, durante el último periodo prehispánico así como su explotación en el XVI. Se demuestra que, durante la primera mitad de este siglo, a pesar del desarrollo de la encomienda, la población indígena controló, en buena medida, la producción y el intercambio del cacao, así como la propiedad de la tierra. También se pone de manifiesto que, a partir de la segunda mitad de este mismo siglo, el incremento de la producción cacaotera provocó daños irreversibles en las comunidades indígenas debido al más que notable descenso demográfico, a la usurpación de sus tierras y a los procesos de ladinización.
Tomás López Medel y sus instrucciones para defensores de Indios: una propuesta innovadora
Authors: Cunill Caroline
Published: January 2019

Aunque en los últimos años la carrera y el pensamiento político del oidor Tomás López Medel han llamado la atención de los estudiosos, sus instrucciones para defensores de Indios han pasado desapercibidas. Sin embargo, esta innovadora propuesta es esencial para comprender cómo nació y cómo prosperó este oficio en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI. Por otra parte, también se analizarán las funciones del defensor de Indios con el fin de acercarse a los principios teóricos que sirvieron de fundamento a la creación del cargo en América.
«Hay que argentinizar la Patagonia». Miradas sobre la Nación y la Ciudadanía en tiempos de cambio (1916-1930)
Authors: Ruffini Martha
Published: January 2019

El gobierno de la Unión Cívica Radical (1916-1930) alentó transformaciones políticas y sociales que para los Territorios Nacionales podían implicar la modificación de su marginalidad política. Las expresiones de la dirigencia avalaron esta percepción pero los conceptos de Nación y Ciudadanía fueron resignificados al pensar la Patagonia como espacio a «argentinizar». La argentinización del sur se presentó como prioridad debido a la conflictividad obrera-rural, condicionando la ampliación de los derechos políticos a la vigencia del orden, la seguridad y el control social.
Aspectos de la práctica musical española en el siglo XVII: voces y ejecución vocal
Authors: González Marín Luis Antonio
Published: January 2019

Este artículo incide de nuevo en algunos elementos de la práctica musical histórica, y constituye una revisión y nueva reflexión sobre materiales, algunos de ellos ya publicados, relativos a las condiciones y convenciones de la ejecución de música vocal en la España del siglo XVII.
Casos curiosos, peculiaridades y formas alternativas de anotar la música en el área hispánica en el siglo XVII. Procesos de intercambio entre lo culto y lo popular
Authors: Ezquerro Esteban Antonio
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo pretende realizar una aproximación a algunos casos de música hispana del siglo XVII anotada de las formas más variadas, no por poco frecuentes, menos importantes. Se presenta la imagen "gráfica" de algunas de las múltiples vías que la música de la época llegó a adoptar para "circular" libremente entre los maestros de capilla y compositores (y no sólo la música, sino los textos que la debían acompañar, u otros patrones de trabajo y elaboración posterior, como sus incipits musicales, etc.). Se reflexiona brevemente sobre el enorme influjo del mecenazgo eclesiástico sobre las tradiciones y "costumbres" de composición hispanas, así como sobre los repertorios, y cómo estos "modos de hacer", condicionaron peculiares formas de anotar la música hispánica en una gran variedad de copias manuscritas. Por último, se abordan en este contexto posibles intercambios entre el entorno musical "culto" y el "popular", en un desdibujado camino de ida y vuelta que hoy es preciso nuevamente rastrear.
Vexierklänge. Anmerkungen zu einem Tiento de falsas von Juan Cabanilles
Authors: Schmitt Stephan
Published: January 2019

[de] Das fünfte Tiento de falsas von Juan Bautista Cabanilles fällt aus dem Rahmen seiner übrigen Kompositionen mit dieser Titelangabe. Neben den für die Tientos de falsas typischen Dissonanzen und ungewöhnlichen Fortschreitungen überrascht dieses Orgelstück mit einem intrikaten polyphonen Satz. Fast zwei Drittel des gesamten Stücks lassen sich auf ein Minimum an motivischem Material zurückführen, das durch kanonische Stimmführung, Sequenzierung und Umkehrung in immer neuen harmonischen Facetten gezeigt wird, während sich die rhythmische und die grobmelodische Struktur nicht verändert. Die Wirkung auf den Hörer, die ais durch die Monotonie quälender, jedoch durch die feinfarbliche harmonische Abstufung der Klänge gleichzeitig faszinierender Reiz beschrieben werden kann, weist in Verbindung mit der sehr traditionellen Satztechnik dieses Tiento ais ein Kabinettstiick des sehr spaten Manierismus aus.
"Neue Liebe, neues Leben" - Ein Goethe-Gedicht in der Vertonung durch Ludwig van Beethoven
Authors: Körndle Franz
Published: January 2019

[de] Ludwig van Beethoven vertonte das Goethe-Gedicht „Neue Liebe, neues Leben" in zwei Fassungen 1798/99 und 1810. Der Vergleich der beiden Fassungen ergibt, daß sich in der Zeit zwischen diesen beiden Fassungen die Vorstellungen des Komponisten von der musikalischen Umsetzung teilweise gewandelt haben müssen. Zunächst scheint Beethoven eher nach der traditionellen Méthode einer direkten Übertragung von Begriffen aus dem Text komponiert zu haben. Später war er dann aber eher an einer subjektiven Darstellung des Inhalts interessiert und drângte drängte zu einfach gerate Einzelheiten zugunsten der - nunmehr freilich recht differenziert gestalteten - Gesamtstimmung zurück.
Un ejemplo ilustrativo del proceso de cambio entre el villancico renacentista y el barroco
Authors: Lambea Mariano
Published: January 2019

Tras un breve comentario histórico de carácter general sobre diversos aspectos de la mentalidad barroca, el artículo intenta ilustrar el proceso de cambio que se da, a diversos niveles de apreciación, entre el villancico renacentista y el barroco. Para ello se procede a confrontar las dos versiones musicadas del antiguo estribillo de carácter tradicional titulado «No puedo apartarme», procedentes, respectivamente, de un compositor anónimo en el Cancionero Musical de Palacio (siglos XV-XVI) y de Juan Vásquez en su Recopilación de Sonetos y Villancicos (1560). Por último se comparan estas versiones renacentistas con el villancico barroco «Madre, el amor» (principios del siglo XVII) de Joan Pau Pujol, cuyo estribillo, más moderno y de creación culta, ofrece una temática literaria parecida pero, musicalmente, es más evolucionado y elaborado.