bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Impact of Pre-analytical and Analytical Factors on the
Quality of Biological Evidence: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Prajapati Suneel , Mishra Aditi , Sapkota Megha , Meshram Mukul , Sharma Mahima , Kumar Arun
Published: November 2023

Background::

Ensuring the quality of biological evidence is key and has become a
routine requirement in forensic laboratories. The quality of biological evidence is determined by
the pre-analytical and analytical phase that encompasses all procedures, starting with the crime
scene to laboratory investigation of biological evidence. This is the most vulnerable part of the
total testing process and a major component of the reliability and validity of results. Therefore,
to generate a quality report, every biological evidence resource should be collected, maintained,
and disseminated to the highest quality, based on the intended forensic use.

Methods::

Pre-analytical errors can happen at any stage prior to the testing process due to the use
of insufficient or improper order of evidence collection, packaging, labelling, prolonged environmental
exposure, failure to find the proper storage, the collection of evidence that is unsuitable
for quality or quantity, inappropriate mixing of a sample, etc. Such circumstances during transportation,
preparation, and storage can change the outcome of forensic evidence. While analytical
errors may arise in the laboratory during the processing of evidence due to mishandling, crosscontamination,
and a lack of standardised procedures.

Result::

Thus, employing advanced analytical methodologies, strict quality control measures, ad-herence to ethical guidelines, and appropriate data interpretation during PCR, STR profiling, and DNA sequencing are of utmost importance. The validation of quality assurance in forensic biol-ogy has been guided by a "fit-for-purpose" approach, emphasizing the suitability of methods and procedures for forensic requirements and intended applications. Pre-analytical and analytical fac-tors play a critical role in determining the success of DNA analysis and its admissibility in a court of law.

Conclusion::

To address this, this review aimed at summarizing recommendations about the pre-analytical and analytical phases and provides some guidance to reduce the effects of such factors that can have a significant impact on biological evidence.
Tooth Extraction using Vertical, Conventional, and Surgical Techniques in Sebha Dental College: A Descriptive “Cross-sectional Study”
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Glewan , Ibrahim Abdulsalam E.E. , Abdusalam A. Milad Milad
Published: November 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to describe different techniques (vertical, conventional, and surgical) used in routine exodontia as well as the most teeth extracted per procedure.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study using data collected at the Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, the Faculty of Dentistry, Sebha University, from March to December 2021, included 509 participants. The patient's age and gender, techniques of extraction, and tooth type were recorded.

Results:

The study included 509 participants aged 16 to 90. About 38.1% of the participants were male, and 61.9% were female. The conventional technique was the most performed (70.0%), followed by vertical (elevator) (26%), and then the surgical technique. The third molar was the most common tooth extracted by conventional technique. The vertical approach was the most successful for single and multirooted teeth.

Conclusion:

The result of this study suggests that the vertical extraction method may be used with a high success rate for the extraction of teeth unsuitable for conventional techniques. Therefore, the effectiveness of the exodontia technique is influenced by root morphology, position, and type of tooth.
A Theoretical Analysis of a Percolation Model
Authors: Taneri Sencer
Published: November 2023

In Chapter 2, we demonstrate an analytical analysis of a previously published
research for a percolation simulation. In that research the effect of mutations on adaptability
was investigated in a bit-string model of invading species in a random environment. However,
analytical analysis was missing which will be the topic here. The Hausdorff dimensions are
calculated for the fractals and the conditions on invasion are analyzed analytically by
manipulation of partial differential equations. Thus, various conclusions may be reached
without having to run long simulations.
A Stochastic Mechanism for DNA Vitrification
Authors: Taneri Sencer
Published: November 2023

In Chapter 5, DNA is a kind of nucleic acid consisting of two strands which are
made up of two Watson-Crick base pairs: adenine-thymine (AT) and guanine-cytosine (GC). Vitrification (from Latin vitreum, "glass") on n the other hand is the transformation of a
substance into a glass. DNA vitrification is achieved by rapidly cooling DNA in a liquid state
through the glass transition. The quantum fluctuation in terms of random displacement and
specific heat capacity of the π electrons in hydrogen bonds was studied earlier to calculate the
DNA melting temperature. Same principles along with the inclusion of longitudinal
phonon vibrations will be used here in order to calculate the vitrification temperature (glass
transition temperature) of base pairs. This has an important application in cryonics and
cryopreservation.
Identificación del alga Cephaleuros virescens s.l. en plantas de zarzamora (Rubus sp.) en el estado de Michoacán, México
Authors: Cortés-Martínez Jazmín , Cruz-Esteban Samuel , Garay-Serrano Edith
Published: November 2023

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las especies de algas que conforman el género Cephaleuros inducen enfermedades en más de 300 especies de plantas en todo el mundo. En México se ha identificado que Cephaleuros virescens infecta hojas de aguacate, guayaba, limón y mango. En el cultivo de zarzamora solo se ha reportado en los Estados Unidos de América. En este trabajo se planteó identificar, en plantas de zarzamora (Rubus sp. cv. Tupy), al agente causal de la enfermedad “mancha naranja”que afecta las plantas de ese fruto en dos áreas del estado de Michoacán. Esta representa un problema fitosanitario y ecológico por los agroquímicos utilizados para combatirla.
Métodos: Para identificar al agente causal, se examinó el tejido de los tallos de zarzamora infectados caracterizando estructuras y comparando con los datos de especies relacionadas: C. diffusus, C. parasiticus y C. virescens. Adicionalmente, se integraron datos moleculares al extraer el ADN de tejido de manchas naranjas colectadas en campo en dos sitios de muestreo, se realizó la amplificación de las regiones ITS y 18S del ADN y las secuencias obtenidas, junto con secuencias de Cephaleuros de América, Sudáfrica y Asia de GenBank, se integraron en una matriz de datos para la realización de los análisis filogenéticos.
Resultados clave: Con análisis morfológicos y moleculares, se identificó a C. virescens sensu lato (s.l.) como el agente causal de las manchas que se propagan a lo largo de los tallos de zarzamora, principalmente en plantas de tercer y cuarto año. Hasta la fecha, C. virescens afectaba exclusivamente al cultivo de zarzamora en el sureste de los Estados Unidos de América.
Conclusiones: El manchado naranja en los tallos de zarzamora es causado por el alga Cephaleuros virescens (s.l.). El presente estudio representa el primer reporte de esta especie afectando zarzamora en México. Los análisis filogenéticos permiten concluir que se trata de la misma especie que provoca la enfermedad en zarzamora en los Estados Unidos de América.
Evaluating Messaging on Prenatal Health Behaviors Using Social Media Data: Systematic Review
Authors: Frennesson Nessie Felicia , McQuire Cheryl , Aijaz Khan Saher , Barnett Julie , Zuccolo Luisa
Published: November 2023

Background

Social media platforms are increasingly being used to disseminate messages about prenatal health. However, to date, we lack a systematic assessment of how to evaluate the impact of official prenatal health messaging and campaigns using social media data.

Objective

This study aims to review both the published and gray literature on how official prenatal health messaging and campaigns have been evaluated to date in terms of impact, acceptability, effectiveness, and unintended consequences, using social media data.

Methods

A total of 6 electronic databases were searched and supplemented with the hand-searching of reference lists. Both published and gray literature were eligible for review. Data were analyzed using content analysis for descriptive data and a thematic synthesis approach to summarize qualitative evidence. A quality appraisal tool, designed especially for use with social media data, was used to assess the quality of the included articles.

Results

A total of 11 studies were eligible for the review. The results showed that the most common prenatal health behavior targeted was alcohol consumption, and Facebook was the most commonly used source of social media data. The majority (n=6) of articles used social media data for descriptive purposes only. The results also showed that there was a lack of evaluation of the effectiveness, acceptability, and unintended consequences of the prenatal health message or campaign.

Conclusions

Social media is a widely used and potentially valuable resource for communicating and evaluating prenatal health messaging. However, this review suggests that there is a need to develop and adopt sound methodology on how to evaluate prenatal health messaging using social media data, for the benefit of future research and to inform public health practice.
Embodied Conversational Agents for Chronic Diseases: Scoping Review
Authors: Jiang Zhili , Huang Xiting , Wang Zhiqian , Liu Yang , Huang Lihua , Luo Xiaolin
Published: November 2023

Background

Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are computer-generated animated humanlike characters that interact with users through verbal and nonverbal behavioral cues. They are increasingly used in a range of fields, including health care.

Objective

This scoping review aims to identify the current practice in the development and evaluation of ECAs for chronic diseases.

Methods

We applied a methodological framework in this review. A total of 6 databases (ie, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, and Web of Science) were searched using a combination of terms related to ECAs and health in October 2023. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and extracted the data. This review followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) statement.

Results

The literature search found 6332 papers, of which 36 (0.57%) met the inclusion criteria. Among the 36 studies, 27 (75%) originated from the United States, and 28 (78%) were published from 2020 onward. The reported ECAs covered a wide range of chronic diseases, with a focus on cancers, atrial fibrillation, and type 2 diabetes, primarily to promote screening and self-management. Most ECAs were depicted as middle-aged women based on screenshots and communicated with users through voice and nonverbal behavior. The most frequently reported evaluation outcomes were acceptability and effectiveness.

Conclusions

This scoping review provides valuable insights for technology developers and health care professionals regarding the development and implementation of ECAs. It emphasizes the importance of technological advances in the embodiment, personalized strategy, and communication modality and requires in-depth knowledge of user preferences regarding appearance, animation, and intervention content. Future studies should incorporate measures of cost, efficiency, and productivity to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the benefits of using ECAs in health care.
Medical Misinformation in Polish on the World Wide Web During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Chlabicz Małgorzata , Nabożny Aleksandra , Koszelew Jolanta , Łaguna Wojciech , Szpakowicz Anna , Sowa Paweł , Budny Wojciech , Guziejko Katarzyna , Róg-Makal Magdalena , Pancewicz Sławomir , Kondrusik Maciej , Czupryna Piotr , Cudowska Beata , Lebensztejn Dariusz , Moniuszko-Malinowska Anna , Wierzbicki Adam , Kamiński Karol A
Published: November 2023

Background

Although researchers extensively study the rapid generation and spread of misinformation about the novel coronavirus during the pandemic, numerous other health-related topics are contaminating the internet with misinformation that have not received as much attention.

Objective

This study aims to gauge the reach of the most popular medical content on the World Wide Web, extending beyond the confines of the pandemic. We conducted evaluations of subject matter and credibility for the years 2021 and 2022, following the principles of evidence-based medicine with assessments performed by experienced clinicians.

Methods

We used 274 keywords to conduct web page searches through the BuzzSumo Enterprise Application. These keywords were chosen based on medical topics derived from surveys administered to medical practitioners. The search parameters were confined to 2 distinct date ranges: (1) January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021; (2) January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. Our searches were specifically limited to web pages in the Polish language and filtered by the specified date ranges. The analysis encompassed 161 web pages retrieved in 2021 and 105 retrieved in 2022. Each web page underwent scrutiny by a seasoned doctor to assess its credibility, aligning with evidence-based medicine standards. Furthermore, we gathered data on social media engagements associated with the web pages, considering platforms such as Facebook, Pinterest, Reddit, and Twitter.

Results

In 2022, the prevalence of unreliable information related to COVID-19 saw a noteworthy decline compared to 2021. Specifically, the percentage of noncredible web pages discussing COVID-19 and general vaccinations decreased from 57% (43/76) to 24% (6/25) and 42% (10/25) to 30% (3/10), respectively. However, during the same period, there was a considerable uptick in the dissemination of untrustworthy content on social media pertaining to other medical topics. The percentage of noncredible web pages covering cholesterol, statins, and cardiology rose from 11% (3/28) to 26% (9/35) and from 18% (5/28) to 26% (6/23), respectively.

Conclusions

Efforts undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic to curb the dissemination of misinformation seem to have yielded positive results. Nevertheless, our analysis suggests that these interventions need to be consistently implemented across both established and emerging medical subjects. It appears that as interest in the pandemic waned, other topics gained prominence, essentially “filling the vacuum” and necessitating ongoing measures to address misinformation across a broader spectrum of health-related subjects.
Authors’ Reply: “The Need for a Bleed Type–Specific Annual Bleeding Rate in Hemophilia Studies” (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Limin , Liu Shimeng , Jiang Shan , Li Chaofan , Lu Liyong , Fang Yunhai , Li Shunping
Published: November 2023

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/45747
Why Metametonymic Argot in the Publicity Texts of China’s National College Entrance Examination Scores?
Authors: Feng Mei , Hou Guojin
Published: November 2023

After China’s National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) in recent years, some high schools tend to publicize their NCEE scores by QQ groups, WeChat groups, or posters in an implicit manner due to the inconformity of NCEE-score publicity with the present educational policy in China. NCEE-score publicity texts are now presented like a discussion of harvest events such as a harvest of a type of plant or animal. This paper studies how and why such texts occur. It is found that: 1) each text is a metaphorical one, mapping plants, animals or other things onto NCEE testees, 2) each text is a textual configuration by metaphor chains of a harvest of plants, animals or other things, 3) the metaphors in each text are also metonymies, hence metametonymies, 4) all expressions in the text make a metametonymic argot, 5) each text is rich in pragma-rhetorical values. Be that as it may, in the context of maintaining NCEE fairness, NCEE-score publicity texts, however implicit, should not be encouraged despite their cleverness in evading official punishment.
The Economic Implications of China’s Demographic Problems
Authors: Guarino Arthur S.
Published: November 2023

China is facing a major threat that is entirely internal: a shrinking population. China’s population growth is a key factor for its economic and financial expansion since the late 1970’s and has allowed its gross domestic product to become the largest in the world. But in recent years, China’s population has started a dangerous decline that worries its policymakers and can only get worse.While China’s leaders have recently introduced policies to accelerate the birthrate, many analysts feel that this is too late to reverse a perilous trend. These analysts predict that a shrinking population will affect China from an economic and financial perspective that will eventually cause it to fall from its place as a major global economy.The aim and purpose of this article is to examine the economic implications of China’s demographic problems.
Аксиально-­симметричные пучки Эрмита-­Гаусса и протокол ВВ84 на их основе для канала квантовой криптографии Космос-­Земля
Authors: Соколов А.Л. , Петров В.М. , Венедиктов В.Ю. , Решетников Д.Д.
Published: November 2023

В работе приводится описание системы
передачи квантовой информации
с помощью пучков Эрмита-Гаусса,
образованных векторной суперпозицией
мод Эрмита-Гаусса
с индексами 10 и 01.
Показано, что аксиальная поляризационная
симметрия таких пучков, не чувствительная
к поворотам относительно оптической
оси, является предпочтительной
для космических систем квантовой
криптографии и может быть использована
при модификации известного протокола
ВВ84. Обсуждается возможность как
создания, так и детектирования таких
пучков для передачи поляризационного
протокола при помощи четырех аксиально-симметричных
поляризационных устройств
на основе радиального поляризатора.
Actividad biológica de las proteínas de leguminosas del género Vigna: Una breve revisión
Authors: Mancera-Castro Pedro , González-Cruz Leopoldo , Bernardino-Nicanor Aurea
Published: November 2023

Las especies del género Vigna, que pertenecen al grupo de las leguminosas, presentan un alto contenido de proteínas, entre las que destacan, por su importancia, las albúminas y las globulinas, cuya función principal es la de reserva, pero también algunas de ellas se ocupan de la defensa contra los hongos, los insectos y los microorganismos, como es en el caso de las lectinas, inhibidores de las proteasas, las α-amilasas, las defensinas, las proteínas de transferencia de lípidos (nsLTPs), tioninas y ciclótidos, entre otras. Actualmente, todas estas proteínas, así como los péptidos que se obtienen de su hidrólisis, se consideran relevantes debido a la actividad biológica que han demostrado al tener un efecto: anticancerígeno, antihipertensivo, antidiabético, antioxidante, antimicrobiano, antifúngico, antiviral e insecticida. Es por ello, que también las especies de Vigna son recursos valiosos para el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales, productos farmacéuticos y agrícolas.
A Study on Autism Detection from Facial Images
Authors: Sukumaran Asha
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Autism is a serious type of neurodevelopmental condition that disrupts cognitive functioning, language, and social behavior. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders have a broad range of intellectual functioning, from significant disability to outstanding abilities. The severity and long-term repercussions of ASD can be avoided with an early diagnosis. Medical professionals currently use a number of methods to predict autism, including brain scan analysis, autism diagnostic interviews, autism diagnostic observations, and physical facial trait analysis. These traditional ways of diagnosing autism are quite timeconsuming, expensive, and complicated. People with autism have a distinctive set of facial traits which distinguish them from normal ones. One of the most interesting areas of autism study is the application of facial traits as a physical indicator for autism diagnosis. The use of deep learning and machine learning has become increasingly widespread in recent years, particularly in the field of image classification. These algorithms are capable of identifying hidden autism patterns from vast amounts of facial data, making them useful as autism predictor. Hence, this study reviews the various autism prediction methods based on facial features using deep learning and machine learning techniques.
Wear Experience with a Daily Disposable Soft Contact Lens for Astigmatism in Current Wearers of a Reusable Soft Toric Contact Lens
Authors: Fogt Jennifer Swingle , Satiani Nidhi , Patton Kimberly
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the wear experience of satisfied wearers of a particular reusabletoric soft contact lens when refit into a water surface technology daily disposable toric soft contact lens.

Methods: Thirty participants completed the study over three visits. At the first visit, subjects were refitted with their habitual reusable toric soft contact lens (comfilcon A) to maximize fit and vision. Subjects returned after one week and were then refit into the study daily disposable soft contact lenses (verofilcon A) and completed surveys of their initial impressions of comfort, vision, and satisfaction. Participants wore the study lenses for two weeks and then returned for their final visit to complete a vision and ocular health check. At the final visit, subjects also completed surveys to rate their overall and end-of-day comfort, quality of vision, stability of vision, and dryness using a visual analog scale (VAS). Participants also answered questions about their wear experience with the lenses. All data and surveys’ overall median and interquartile range (IQR) were calculated.

Results: Initial impressions of the study lenses revealed a median (IQR) score of 85 (28) for vision, 91 (25) for comfort, and 87 (21) for satisfaction. Overall VAS scores after two weeks of wear found median scores of 93 (16) for quality of vision, 88 (28) for stability of vision, and 91 (20) for comfort. End-of-day median scores were 82(27) for quality of vision, 90 (35) for stability of vision, and 80 (38) for comfort. Overall dryness scores were 20(45), and end-of-day dryness was 39 (46). Median(IQR) binocular logMAR visual acuity with the study lenses was -0.16(0.1). The median rotation of the lenses was 0(4.3) degrees.

Conclusion: Participants wearing the daily disposable study lenses for astigmatism gave high scores in vision and comfort at the initial fitting and after two weeks of lens wear. Results showed that satisfied wearers of comfilcon A reusable toric soft contact lenses can be successfully refitted with verofilcon A daily disposable contact lenses.
PERCEPTION OF PARENTING STYLES ON LONELINESS AND DEPRESSIVE TENDENCIES IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Dawanti Rizki
Published: November 2023

The problem of depression in adolescents is still prevalent. A survey conducted by the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division team, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia in May 2020 on 393 Indonesian adolescents aged 16-24 years, showed that 95.4% of adolescents stated that they had suffered from anxiety, and 88% of adolescents had felt symptoms of depression while facing problems in adolescence (Kaligis, et al, 2021). This study aims to see if there is an influence of parenting on loneliness and depressive tendencies in 164 adolescents aged 12-23 years. This study used quantitative methods with regression analysis. The results showed that democratic parenting had a significant negative influence on depressive tendencies (B = -.197, p <.05). Research subjects who perceived their parents to apply democratic parenting also had lower levels of loneliness.
University governance: TETFund and human capital development in perspective
Authors: Agba Michael Sunday , Agba Grace Eleojo Michael , Abang Pius Otu , Enang Agnes Ubana , Ozumba Lily Nnenna , Duke Otu Offiong , Ata-Agboni Joy Uyo , Eja Terrence Richard , Odinka Godfrey Ekene , Okpa John Thompson , Bassey Augustin Eze , Nwagboso Chris Iwejuo
Published: November 2023

The study focuses on university governance with specific interest in the contributions of the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) to human capital development in Nigerian public universities (NPUs). Three research questions and hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Data for the study were generated via secondary sources and primary sources using a questionnaire. A designed questionnaire was administered to 300 academic staff randomly and purposely selected from a pool of 3,000 academic staff. The answers from the respondents were coded and analyzed using a computer-based software — Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. Data gathered via the questionnaire administered are presented in tables and graphically illustrated. The findings of the study revealed, among others, that TETFund interventions in the area of staff training and development; conference and workshop attendance sponsorships, research grants, and educational support services have contributed significantly to human capital development in Nigerian public universities. Based on these findings, the study recommends a sustained and elaborate partnership between TETFund and public universities in the area of human capital development. It is also recommended that TETFund intervention should be expanded to cover more beneficiaries in the scheme.
Characterization of N+ Abundances in the Terrestrial Polar Wind using the Multiscale Atmosphere-Geospace Environment
Authors: Albarran Robert M. , Varney Roger , Pham Kevin H , Lin Dong
Published: November 2023

The High-latitude Ionosphere Dynamics for Research Applications (HIDRA)
model is part of the Multiscale Atmosphere-Geospace Environment (MAGE)
model under development by the Center for Geospace Storms (CGS) NASA
DRIVE Science Center. This study employs HIDRA to simulate upflows of
H, He, O, and
N ions, with a particular focus on the relative
N concentrations, production and loss mechanisms, and
thermal upflow drivers as functions of season, solar activity, and
magnetospheric convection. The simulation results demonstrate that
N densities typically exceed He
densities, N densities are typically
~10% O densities, and
N concentrations at quiet-time are approximately
50-100% of N concentrations during storm-time.
Furthermore, the N and O upflow
fluxes show similar trends with variations in magnetospheric driving.
The inclusion of ion-neutral chemical reactions involving metastable
atoms is shown to have significant effects on N
production rates. With this metastable chemistry included, the simulated
ion density profiles compare favorably with satellite measurements from
Atmosphere Explorer C (AE-C) and Orbiting Geophysical Observatory 6
(OGO-6).
Post-cure Heat Treatments Influence the Mechanical and Optical Properties of Acrylic and Bis-acryl Composite Resins
Authors: Morgado LB , Pedrosa MS , Medeiros IS
Published: November 2023

Objective

To evaluate the influence of post-cure heat treatments (PCHT) on Knoop microhardness (KHN) and color change of bis-acryl composite resin (Protemp 4 - 3M ESPE, USA and PrimmaArt - FGM, Brazil) and chemically activated acrylic resins (Dencôr – Clássico, Brazil, and Duralay – Cotia, Brazil).

Methods and Materials

Specimens (12×1 mm) were prepared for each material (n=10/group). Thirty minutes after curing, the specimens were subjected to PCHT for 10 minutes at 70°, 100°, or 130°C. The control group was kept at room temperature (24°C) for the same amount of time. KHN was analyzed 24 hours after PCHT (n=10). Following Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) Delta E 2000 (CIEDE2000 [ΔE00]), color measurements were obtained at three time points: 1. after polymerization; 2. after PCHT; and 3. after 30 days of storage in water, coffee, or red wine. Data for each material were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p<0.05).

Results

The PCHT at 130°C produced the highest KHN values. Except for the 70°C groups from Dencôr and Protemp, all PCHTs increased the initial color values (p>0.05). In general, chemically activated acrylic resins showed an increase in color stability when subjected to PCHT (p>0.05). For bis-acryl composite resin, PCHT did not influence color stability (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Overall, the results showed that PCHT increased the tested materials’ color changes and Knoop microhardness. However, except for PCHT at 130°C in Duralay, the color changes remained within acceptable values. The PCHT treatment resulted in better color stability for most of the composite resins studied.
Primærhelseteam – en mer teambasert fastlegetjeneste
Authors: Pedersen Kine , Løyland Hanna Isabel , Sæther Erik Magnus , Sten-Gahmberg Susanna , Abelsen Birgit , Snilsberg Øyvind , Iversen Tor
Published: November 2023

Primærhelseteam (PHT) er en ny arbeidsform i fastlegetjenesten der lege, sykepleier og helsesekretær jobber sammen i team. Teamet skal tilby gode tjenester og arbeide systematisk med pasientsikkerhet og kvalitetsforbedring. Målgruppene for primærhelseteam er listeinnbyggere med kronisk sykdom, psykiske lidelser og rusavhengighet, skrøpelige eldre, og brukere med utviklingshemming og funksjonsnedsettelser. Et nasjonalt forsøk med primærhelseteam startet i 2018. Forsøket følges av en evaluering.
I denne artikkelen forsøker vi å svare på spørsmålene: Hvordan jobber legekontorene i PHT-forsøket som team, og hvilke effekter gir det? Videre belyser vi hvordan funnene kan brukes i utformingen av en mer teambasert fastlegetjeneste. Vi bygger på datainnsamlingen og hovedfunnene fra evalueringen av PHT, og utdyper tolkningen av funnene i lys av internasjonal litteratur. Vi finner at personellet på legekontorene opplever at teamarbeid gir gode resultater – både for pasientene og for dem selv i form av økt arbeidstrivsel. Teameffektiviteten på legekontorene avhenger av struktur (som møter, maler og prosedyrer) og felles arbeidsmåter, kontinuitet i personellgruppen, grad av engasjement for teamarbeid samt tydelig ledelse av og fastlegenes individuelle tilfredshet med teamarbeidet. Vi finner at PHT-sykepleierne i større grad har bidratt til bedre oppfølging av pasienter i målgruppene enn til å avlaste fastlegen. Resultatet samsvarer med effektmålene for forsøket, der vekten er lagt på kvalitetsforbedring og ikke produktivitetsforbedring på fastlegekontoret.
Evalueringen viser at det er ressursog tidkrevende å utvikle teamarbeid. For å lykkes med en eventuell videre implementering av en tverrfaglig, teambasert fastlegeordning, må det være en klar interesse for dette blant fastlegene.
Pilot for strukturert tverrfaglig oppfølgingsteam – en kvalitativ studie av kommunale lederes erfaringer med implementeringen
Authors: Kalseth Jorid , Kaspersen Silje L.
Published: November 2023

I 2018 lanserte Helsedirektoratet pilotprosjektet Strukturert tverrfaglig oppfølgingsteam med mål om å implementere nasjonal veileder for oppfølging av personer med store og sammensatte behov (2017) i seks kommuner. Veilederen retter seg mot ledere på alle nivå og tjenesteområder i kommunen som yter tjenester til personer med store og sammensatte behov, uavhengig av alder og diagnose. I utgangspunktet var piloten planlagt å vare ut 2021, men ble forlenget med to år til 2023. Fire kommuner valgte å fortsette prosjektet.
Artikkelen undersøker lederinvolvering i implementeringen av piloten basert på intervju med 44 topp- og mellomledere og utvalgte nøkkelpersoner i de fire pilotkommunene våren 2022, og drøfter dette i lys av implementerings- og ledelsesteori. Forskningsspørsmålene omhandler 1) hvor godt piloten har vært forankret blant ledere på ulike nivå og på tvers av sektorer, 2) hvilke ledergrep som er tatt, 3) hvilke utfordringer lederne har erfart, og 4) hvilke gevinster lederne ser.
Resultatene viser at innføring av oppfølgingsteam som arbeidsform har stor oppslutning blant toppledere i pilotkommunene. Piloten går inn på kjerneoppgavene til kommunene og understøtter utviklingsarbeid de uansett må gjøre. En rekke ledergrep er tatt på ulike nivå. Vi fant merkbart mindre involvering og kjennskap til piloten blant enhetslederne fra oppvekst og velferd enn blant enhetsledere i helse og omsorg. Lederinvolveringen utfordres av kompleksiteten i implementeringen og av at tjenesteområdene styres av ulike formål og rammebetingelser. Studien avdekker et behov for å rydde i mylderet av koordineringsmodeller og -begreper.
Brukere med særlig høye kostnader i pleie- og omsorgstjenestene – hvem er de, og hva betyr de for kommunale utgifter?
Authors: Holte Jon H. , Hagen Terje P. , Tjerbo Trond
Published: November 2023

Bakgrunn: Det er kjent fra internasjonal litteratur at en liten gruppe tjenestemottakere står for en stor andel av de totale kostnadene i helsetjenestene. Om det finnes en tilsvarende gruppe med høykostnadsbrukere innenfor pleie- og omsorgstjenestene, og hva som eventuelt kjennetegner disse brukerne, er ikke undersøkt i Norge eller andre vestlige land.
Mål: Målet for studien er å etablere oversikt over høykostnadsbrukere innenfor de kommunale pleie- og omsorgstjenestene i Norge. Finnes det en liten gruppe av tjenestemottakere som står for en stor del av kostnadene i de kommunale pleie- og omsorgstjenestene? Hvilke grupper representerer de, og hva betyr de for kommunale utgifter?
Metode: Analysen gjøres på individdata fra Kommunalt pasientregister (KPR) for 2019. Pasientene med 5 prosent høyest kostnader defineres som brukere med særlig høye kostnader – høykostnadsbrukere. Oddsen for å være i gruppen av høykostnadsbrukere estimeres deretter ved en flernivåanalyse.
Resultater: Høykostnadsbrukerne står for 39 prosent av de samlede kostnadene for kommunale pleieog omsorgstjenester. Gjennomsnittskostnaden for høykostnadsbrukerne er knapt 2,2 millioner kroner. For de øvrige brukerne er gjennomsnittskostnaden vel 186 000 kroner. Det er betydelige forskjeller mellom høykostnadsbrukerne og de øvrige brukerne særlig når det gjelder tjenestebruk, alder og diagnoser. For høykostnadsbrukerne genereres nesten 90 prosent av kostnadene gjennom bruk av hjemmetjenester. Den største kostnaden er forbundet med Praktisk bistand – opplæring (36,2 prosent). Høykostnadsbrukerne er i gjennomsnitt yngre enn de øvrige brukerne (46 år vs. 66 år) og har ofte funksjonshemminger.
Konklusjon: En liten gruppe tjenestemottakere står for en stor andel av de samlede kostnadene for pleie- og omsorgstjenester i Norge. Disse brukerne er yngre, hjemmeboende og funksjonshemmede.
Nye finansieringsmodeller for spesialisthelsetjenesten – forslagene i NOU 2023: 8
Authors: Magnussen Jon
Published: November 2023

Artikkelen beskriver og diskuterer tre forslag til endring av dagens modell for finansiering av helseforetakene. Det første forslaget innebærer en avvikling av ordningen med innsatsstyrt finansiering (ISF) til fordel for en modell som kombinerer rammebudsjett og toppfinansiering. Det andre forslaget innebærer innføring av øremerkede samhandlingsbudsjetter som disponeres i fellesskap av kommuner og helseforetak. Det siste forslaget innebærer en omlegging av finansiering av sykehusbygg som vil gi lettere tilgang på likviditet og øremerkede tilskudd til dekning av deler av helseforetakenes kapitalkostnader. Disse forslagene diskuteres i lys av tilgjengelig empiri. Det argumenteres for at forslagene vil vri insentivene i retning av større vekt på kvalitet og tilgjengelighet og samtidig mindre vekt på effektivitet og behandlingsvolum.
Økonomisk evaluering av helsetiltak – en strukturert gjennomgang av studier gjennomført i Norge
Authors: Aas Eline , Burger Emily , Matveev Nikita , Bjørnelv Gudrun M.W.
Published: November 2023

I Norge skal prioritering av tiltak i helsetjenesten basere seg på tre kriterier: tiltakets effekt (målt ved helserelatert livskvalitet – HRQoL), tiltakets ressursbruk for helsetjenesten og sykdommens alvorlighet. De to første kriteriene sammenstilles i en kostnadseffektivitetsanalyse, mens alvorlighet er knyttet opp mot grenseverdien (hva vi vil betale for et kvalitetsjustert leveår). Kriteriene benyttes systematisk ved godkjenning av nye legemidler på både blå resept og H-resept. I tillegg gjennomføres det noen evalueringer av andre tiltak (for eksempel screening, kirurgi og medisinsk utstyr) ved Folkehelseinstituttet. Det gjennomføres mange kliniske studier i Norge, men få har lagt til rette for en kostnadseffektivitetsanalyse. Vi mener det krever relativt lite å utvide studiene slik at denne typen analyser kan gjennomføres. I denne artikkelen gir vi en strukturert oversikt over norske, randomiserte kliniske studier hvor det er gjennomført en kostnadseffektivitetsanalyse som del av studien. Studiene omfatter et bredt spekter av pasientpopulasjoner og tiltak (slik som kirurgi, rehabilitering, screening, organisering og kognitiv terapi). Videre er det benyttet både ulike effektmål (generiske mål som HRQoL, og sykdomsspesifikke) og perspektiv (helsetjenesten og samfunnsperspektiv). I fremtiden bør flere gjennomføre kostnadseffektivitetsanalyser som en integrert del av de randomiserte studiene. I tillegg kan det i framtiden være en verdi å koble kliniske studier til registerdata for å lettere sikre komplett informasjon. Dette forutsetter at tilgang på data blir enklere tilgjengelig innen rimelig tid.
Case Management of Respiratory Failure in Pneumonia: Literature Review
Authors: Rohmah Dinda Nur
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Respiratory failure is a frequent condition in critically ill patients that is associated with a high mortality rate, especially when invasive mechanical ventilation is required. In many case fever, cough, sputum and shortness of breath occur. Severe respiratory failure can lead to severe respiratory infections, such as lung infections (pneumonia).

Methoda: a literature review research method in the form of a case report through searches for accredited journal sites such as Sciendirect and Elsevier with the keywords respiratory failure in pneumonia in the 2015-2020 period.

Research result: in handling pneumonia cases, each country has its own way, consisting of physical examination, blood laboratory test, chest x-rays, chest CT scan, sputum culture examination, pxygen installation, mechanical ventilation and administration of drugs such as piperacillin-tazobactim, levlofoxacin, ceftriaxone, oseltamivir, azithromycin, each patient is deffernt based on the history of pain suffered.

Conclusion: each region and every country has its own way of dealing with pneumonia until now the disease is the most common cause of in out patient hospital clinics in various countries.
Hubungan Usia Anak Penderita Thalasemia Dengan Frekuensi Transfusi
Authors: Irdawati Irdawati , Syaiful Afifah Ayu , Haryani Anis
Published: November 2023

Introduction Thalassemia is a genetic disease that is detected when someone is still a child. as an effect of this disease the child can not be separated from the treatment of blood transfusion. Treatment of transfusion in patients with thalassemia is the only way to prevent death in children. Thalassemia children visit to do blood transfusion to the hospital an average of 2 to 3 times within a month. Thalassemia patients must undergo regular and routine blood transfusions to maintain their health and stamina, so that patients can still be active. Transfusion will provide new energy to the patient because the blood from the transfusion has a normal hemoglobin level able to meet the needs of the patient's body to live everyday life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the age of children with thalassemia with frequency of transfusion. This type of research is cross sectional. Cross sectional research is research that aims to study the relationship between factors and the effects it causes. The sample used in this study was 30 samples. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire sheet. The questionnaire in this study is a questionnaire made by the researcher based on operational definitions, therefore the researcher first tests the validity and reliability before the research. The research results obtained from the analysis of the relationship test results (p-value = 0.036). This p-value is smaller than the established α value of 0.05 (5%). So that Ho is rejected, the conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between the age of the child with thalassemia patients. Based on this study it was found that there is a relationship between the age of the child with the frequency of transfusion.
Theoretical Perspectives of Occupational Health Nurses (OHN) career in Indonesia
Authors: Hardy Syaifoel , Tukayo Isak JH , Afzal Ridha , Hadi Noor
Published: November 2023

Background: According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS, 2020), the number of medium-large industries in 2019 in Indonesia 30,381. This number is followed by the growth in healthcare services, which is classified as the highest among 17 existing sectors (Databoks, 2020). These opportunities and challenges prove that from the OHN employment perspective, the prospects for the OHN professionals are very promising. In terms of education where nursing specialization in Indonesia is still very limited, the career of the OHN corporate nursing profession needs to be analyzed and explored.Purposes: This review aims to enhance the understanding of OH nurses' careers in an increasingly dynamic educational environment, provides comprehensive understanding of the world of work for OHN nurses, and offers future research direction.Method: The methods used was to review three career model Career Framework, Change Model by Kotter and comparing with the competency-based by Delphi Model and Quinn Model. The results of the analysis and exploration were applied with a review of the nursing education system by the Ministry of Health, the National Education System, Ministry of Higher Education (Ristekdikti), Development and Empowerment of Healthcare Human Recources (BPPSDM), OHN Career Guide Canada and several journals of the last five years, from 2016 to 2020.Result: The review shows there is significant relationship between nursing education career paths in Indonesia and the flow and structure recommended by the three models in general nursing career, not specifically in the OHN perspectives.
Cognitive Distortions and Coping Strategies: Stockholm Syndrome among Victims of Assault in Ivory Coast
Authors: Kouassi épouse N’ZI Affoué Mélissa , Bissouma Anna-Corinne
Published: November 2023

ollowing an assault in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, 9 women presented atypical psychological symptoms. Emotional ties were established between them and their attackers. They develop animosity towards the police. It’s Stockholm syndrome. 5 of them received psychological support in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The aim is to understand the cognitive distortions that modify the perception of reality. The analysis of the interviews after 8 sessions revealed coping strategies. In order to cope with adversity, the participants have developed a particular psychological functioning, which little is known in Côte d’Ivoire.
Penjajahan Budaya Hallyu Pada Berbagai Sektor di Indonesia
Authors: Putri Nada Kurnia , Latifa Natasya Putri
Published: November 2023

The advancement of information technology has caused the ease of cultures from outside to enter Indonesia. One of the cultures from abroad that enters and develops rapidly in Indonesia is Korean Culture or often referred to as Hallyu Culture. The purpose of this study is to see the influence of the development of hallyu culture in Indonesia, namely to see its influence in various sectors such as the economic, socio-cultural, and film. This study also aims to see how K-pop fans respond to the strong influence of Hallyu culture in Indonesia. The theory used in this study is Cultural Imperialism Theory, with this theory analyzed whether we are experiencing cultural colonization, because at this time hallyu culture has a strong influence in various sectors in Indonesia. This research was conducted using field observation methods and using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation or observation to one of the cafes with hallyu cultural nuances, located in Padang City. In addition to observation, we also conduct in-depth interviews, documentation, literature studies to collect data on the strong influence of hallyu culture in Indonesia in various sectors. Viewed from all aspects, it turns out that the economic, film, socio-cultural sectors have experienced the influence of hallyu culture that develops in Indonesia.
INTERLOCUÇÕES SOBRE GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE EM PERSPECTIVA SOCIAL
Authors: Araújo Clécio Leonardo Mendes
Published: November 2023

A obra “Gênero e sexualidade em perspectiva social” foi escrita por 25 autores, entre os nomes estão: Jaqueline Gomes de Jesus, Adriano Azevedo Gomes de Léon, Francisco Jomário Pereira, Fernando Augusto de Souza Guimarães, entre outros. A obra foi publicada em 2020 pela editora UFBP em João Pessoa - PB, dividida em capítulos, contendo 305 páginas. Aborda uma linguagem rica que afirma a centralidade do sistema colonial no desenvolvimento da nossa modernidade periférica.
PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DENGAN SISTEM TRANSAKSI NON TUNAI PADA BADAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH (BPKPD) KOTA TEBING TINGGI (Studi pada Pelaksanaan Penerimaan Keuangan Daerah)
Authors: Sitinjak Tania Meylina , Candradewini Candradewini , Munanjat Mas Dadang Enjat
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya upaya pemerintah Kota Tebing Tinggi dalam menerapkan sistem transaksi non tunai dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerahnya. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada pelaksanaan penerimaan keuangan daerah dengan pertimbangan bahwa walaupun penerimaan pajak daerah pada BPKPD Kota Tebing Tinggi sudah menerapkan sistem transaksi non tunai secara keseluruhan namun pada penerapannya belum terlaksana secara optimal. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengelolaan keuangan daerah dengan sistem transaksi non tunai pada Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Pendapatan Daerah (BPKPD) Kota Tebing Tinggi. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori pengelolaan keuangan daerah yang didasarkan pada 5 (lima) prinsip utama dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah menurut Chabib dan Heru (2010:10). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan dengan sistem transaksi non tunai pada BPKPD Kota Tebing Tinggi seluruh aliran dananya dapat ditelusuri, pencatatan transaksi sudah secara langsung dan adanya bukti pertanggungjawaban yang lengkap yang mana dapat mewujudkan tertib administrasi pengelolaan keuangan daerah.  Dengan menggunakan transaksi non tunai, setiap transaksi terekam dalam bukti transaksi perbankan sehingga setiap penerimaan pajak daerah dapat diketahui secara real time oleh BPKPD Kota Tebing Tinggi. Sehingga pelaksanaan transaksi non tunai berdampak pada jumlah penerimaan pajak daerah yang cenderung meningkat dari tahun 2018-2021.