bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prayer and the Teaching of Christian Ethics: Socratic Dialogue with God?
Authors: Brock Brian
Published: October 2019

In his Confessions Augustine recasts the Greco-Roman dialogue as a conversation with God. This repositioning of the premier pedagogical form of the ancient world Augustine takes as an implication of the Christian confession of God as a speaking God. Introducing Jewish forms of prayer into the Greco-Roman dialogue form transforms it in a manner that has implications for the teaching of Christian ethics today, in offering a theologically elaborated model of the formative and investigative power of conversation. Conversational learning is a practice in which finite creatures lovingly explore a creation that cannot be comprehended completely. Christians understand this formative and explorative conversation as a conversation with God, mediated by Scripture, which prepares its participants to model trust-building conversation in public.
“With Constructivist Grounded Theory You Can’t Hide”: Social Justice Research and Critical Inquiry in the Public Sphere
Authors: Charmaz Kathy
Published: October 2019

This article addresses how constructivist grounded theorists grapple with conducting their research and use the method for social justice research and critical inquiry in the public sphere. To explicate how using this method ensues, I sought reflections from four researchers explaining why they adopted the method and how they used it. I also reviewed more than 40 constructivist grounded theory studies concerning research in the public sphere to illuminate the authors’ methodological strategies and decisions. These researchers’ reflexive stance toward their preconceptions, positions, and research actions supports exploring critical questions and fosters using grounded theory strategies to answering them.
Pilot study of side effects and serum and urine concentrations of amoxicillin–clavulanic acid in azotemic and non-azotemic cats
Authors: Benson Kellyi K , Quimby Jessica M , Dowers Kristy L , Sieberg Liberty G , Daniels Joshua B , Langston Catherine E , Lunghofer Paul J , Gustafson Daniel L
Published: October 2019

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the side effect frequency and serum and urine drug concentrations of amoxicillin–clavulanic acid in cats with and without azotemic chronic kidney disease (azCKD).

Methods

Owners whose cats had been prescribed amoxicillin–clavulanic acid completed a survey regarding the occurrence and type of side effects, and whether treatment was altered as a result. Cats were defined as azCKD (serum creatinine concentration >2.0 mg/dl, urine specific gravity [USG] <1.035 with a clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease) and without azCKD (serum creatinine concentration <2.0 mg/dl). Data were assessed with Fisher’s exact test. Serum and urine samples were obtained from client-owned cats with azCKD (n = 6) and without azCKD (n = 6, serum creatinine concentration <1.8 mg/dl, USG >1.035) that were receiving amoxicillin–clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid were measured with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and compared between groups with a Mann–Whitney test. Correlation between serum creatinine and drug concentrations in urine and serum was determined using Spearman’s rank test.

Results

Sixty-one surveys were returned (11 azCKD cats and 50 without azCKD cats). No significant difference in the presence of side effects or type of side effects was seen between groups; however, significantly more azCKD cats had more than one side effect ( P = 0.02). More owners of azCKD cats reported that an alteration in treatment plan was necessitated by side effects (55% vs 12%; P = 0.008). Urine amoxicillin was significantly lower in cats with azCKD ( P = 0.01) and serum amoxicillin trended toward significance ( P = 0.07). Serum amoxicillin concentration was positively correlated with serum creatinine ( P = 0.02; r = 0.62) and urine amoxicillin concentration was negatively correlated with serum creatinine ( P = 0.01; r = –0.65).

Conclusions and relevance

The data suggest that cats with azCKD have altered pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin, which may contribute to an increased incidence of multiple side effects.
Moving Stroke Rehabilitation Research Evidence into Clinical Practice: Consensus-Based Core Recommendations From the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable
Authors: Eng Janice J. , Bird Marie-Louise , Godecke Erin , Hoffmann Tammy C. , Laurin Carole , Olaoye Olumide A. , Solomon John , Teasell Robert , Watkins Caroline L. , Walker Marion F.
Published: October 2019

Moving research evidence to practice can take years, if not decades, which denies stroke patients and families from receiving the best care. We present the results of an international consensus process prioritizing what research evidence to implement into stroke rehabilitation practice to have maximal impact. An international 10-member Knowledge Translation Working Group collaborated over a six-month period via videoconferences and a two-day face-to-face meeting. The process was informed from surveys received from 112 consumers/family members and 502 health care providers in over 28 countries, as well as from an international advisory of 20 representatives from 13 countries. From this consensus process, five of the nine identified priorities relate to service delivery (interdisciplinary care, screening and assessment, clinical practice guidelines, intensity, family support) and are generally feasible to implement or improve upon today. Readily available website resources are identified to help health care providers harness the necessary means to implement existing knowledge and solutions to improve service delivery. The remaining four priorities relate to system issues (access to services, transitions in care) and resources (equipment/technology, staffing) and are acknowledged to be more difficult to implement. We recommend that health care providers, managers, and organizations determine whether the priorities we identified are gaps in their local practice, and if so, consider implementation solutions to address them to improve the quality of lives of people living with stroke.
A preliminary Study on the Effect of Head and Neck Chemoradiotherapy on Systematic Immunity
Authors: Huang Weiqiang , Fan Yao , Cheng Xiaoya , Liang Huazhen , Pan Hua , Xiao Ting , Chen Min , Guan Jian
Published: October 2019

Background:

This study was designed initially to explore the effect of chemoradiotherapy on patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer (HNC) with respect to the alteration of systematic immunity.

Methods:

We did a retrospective study enrolling patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), with or without induction chemotherapy (IC). Blood tests were performed before IC, before and after CCRT. Flow cytometric analysis and turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay were used for detection.

Results:

A total number of 58 patients were included from April 1, 2018, to March 31, 2019. Levels of immunoglobulins (Ig), including IgA, IgG, and IgM, declined after 2 to 3 cycles of IC and CCRT, respectively. Serum level of total hemolytic complement (CH50) increased ( P < .001) after IC, but kept stably post-CCRT. Natural killer (NK) cells decreased ( P < .01) after IC and enhanced ( P < .001) post-CCRT. The number of CD3+CD4+ T cells got increased ( P < .01) after IC and decreased ( P < .001) post-CCRT. Consistently, both IC and CCRT induced the increase in CD3+CD8+ T cells significantly ( P < .001 vs P < .01).

Conclusion:

Both radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) induced dual effect of immune response. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy created an active immune response based on the effect induced by IC, suggesting that RT exerted a potential function on mobilizing immune system.
Influence of boundary condition and stiffener type on collapse behaviours of stiffened panels under longitudinal compression
Authors: Pan Jin , Li Na , Song Zhao Jun , Xu Ming Cai
Published: October 2019

A series of stiffened panels with different dimensions and types of stiffener are simulated under longitudinal compression in finite element code ANSYS. Two bays/spans model with periodic boundary condition is adopted to consider the influence of neighbouring members. The stiffened panel adopted in the finite element mode is generally cut from the deck or bottom of a ship hull girder, and thus, the constraint on their edges depends to some extent on the relative structural response of the adjacent members. Hence, to understand the effects of constraint condition on the collapse behaviour, an extensive parametric study is carried out, employing a wide geometrical range for bulk carrier and very large crude carrier. Moreover, considering various collapse modes, the load-carrying capacities of the stiffened panels are also investigated for various stiffener types. It is found that the biaxial stress state caused by longitudinal constraint could increase or decrease the load-carrying capacity of the stiffened panel, which depends on the collapse mode and should be noticed. The transverse constraint on the longitudinal edges could cause biaxial stress state, which might increase or decrease the load-carrying capacity of the stiffened panel, which depends on the collapse modes.
Proportional hazard model for cutting tool recovery in machining
Authors: Diamoutene Abdoulaye , Noureddine Farid , Noureddine Rachid , Kamsu-Foguem Bernard , Barro Diakarya
Published: October 2019

The proportional hazard model is a statistical method capable of including information on environmental and operating conditions. In machining, in the reliability field of a cutting tool, the interest of using proportional hazard model is highlighted. On one hand, the environmental and operating conditions are described and taken into account as explanatory variables. Three covariates are considered, namely, the vibration signal, the hardness material, and the lubrication/cooling. On the other hand, a new baseline hazard function is designed according to phenomena of tiny tool breakage followed by a self-sharpening process. This latter phenomenon, which can be considered as a rare event, prompted us to study extreme value theory to propose an adequate baseline hazard function. The newly obtained baseline hazard function will be named generalized extreme value proportional hazard model. This function is obtained thanks to the Gumbel function and has the property to be non-monotonic, an increasing then decreasing function. An alternative option as a baseline hazard function, based on the flexible Weibull distributions, is also proposed. Results produced in this article show the impact of all these variables on the surface roughness of the machined parts. According to reliability studies, the premature replacement of the cutting tool implying financial losses can be delayed. This may be of particular significance and benefit, in terms of sustainable development, in the case of mass production, by limiting the frequency of tool replacement.
Celebrity endorsement: Conceptual clarifications, critical review, and future research perspectives
Authors: Ambroise Laure , Albert Noël
Published: October 2019

Although the literature on celebrity endorsement is abundant and complex, few studies have provided a review of this issue. Our article thus seeks to complement this dearth of studies by presenting a critical, prospective, and innovative review on the celebrity endorsement literature. Paying special attention to current management practices, we will first build on the concepts of endorsement and celebrity. Second, we will focus on the mechanisms of the effectiveness of celebrity endorsement and highlight their limitations. We will also propose a theoretical framework which suggests that considering consumers’ relationships with both the brand and the celebrity may provide complementary information on the effects of celebrity endorsement. Finally, we will broaden the traditional view of the usual effects of endorsement by analyzing its consequences for both the celebrity and the consumer. Through this article, we hope to help build upon existing scholarship and reinvigorate the academic vision of celebrity endorsement.
Candida Parapsilosis Endocarditis Following Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Implantation
Authors: Tan Weiyi , Dora Amy , Lluri Gentian , Aboulhosn Jamil
Published: October 2019

Fungal prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is rare and carries a high mortality rate. While uncommon, fungal endocarditis in transcatheter aortic valves has been reported. We present a unique case of Candida parapsilosis fungal PVE in a patient with a transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement.
Buwas Kuning (Yellow Rice) and its Symbolic Functions Among the Sama-Bajau of Malaysia
Authors: Hussin Hanafi
Published: October 2019

This article is based on ethnographic data and presents and expands on the symbolic functions of buwas kuning (yellow rice) being prepared and offered by the Sama-Bajau communities in their ritual performances in Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia. The findings show that the practice of offering buwas kuning (as an integral part of the main rituals, such as pag-omboh) has symbolic latent (unintended and unrecognized) psychological and social consequences on the Sama-Bajau villagers. The community knows that among the functions of buwas kuning are that it spreads fear and risk; creates a link between the physical and spiritual worlds; protects families from curses (sickness, disasters, spirit possessions); maintains the ritual’s authenticity and originality (which satisfies the ancestors and related spirits); causes participation of the community members, especially women; and engenders community support. The latent (yet to some extent known to some community members) functions of the offering of buwas kuning enable the community to check families’ material wealth and integrate the community with its identity. It teaches members to go (or live) through a process of patience (indispensable in rough sea life; also in the dangerous geographic region) and the material gains, as well as the social status enjoyed by the mediums. However, many villagers have some understanding of the latent functions of buwas kuning’s latent consequences. Although many people know about these functions, it is the degree of knowledge about these latent functions that is of interest, as this knowing is meaningful for the survival of ritual practices such as buwas kuning.
Causal Relation Between Stock Market Performance and Firm Investment in China: Mediating Role of Information Asymmetry
Authors: Zaigham Ghulam Hussain Khan , Wang Xiangning , Ali Haji Suleman
Published: October 2019

The main objectives of this study are to examine the impact of stock price performance on firm’s investment and to investigate the counter impact of changes in investment expenditures on stock price performance. The random effects model was applied on the panel data of Chinese manufacturing firms listed at the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange during the period 2002 to 2016. The sample contains 398 firms with 5,970 observations. Although there is a statistically significant and negative relationship between stock price and investment expenditures, the impact of stock price on investment expenditures is far greater than that of investment expenditures on stock price. Information asymmetry positively mediates both investment sensitivity to stock prices and stock prices sensitivity to investment. This study is a valuable contribution toward the analysis of investment decision making by manufacturing firms in China. It also provides guidelines for investors to assess the informational status of the capital market before making investment decisions and to comprehensively understand the different decisions made by firms with regard to the issue of new stocks and the indirect information attached with such issues.
Fathers’ Leave Take-Up in Finland: Motivations and Barriers in a Complex Nordic Leave Scheme
Authors: Eerola Petteri , Lammi-Taskula Johanna , O’Brien Margaret , Hietamäki Johanna , Räikkönen Eija
Published: October 2019

Despite being the first country in the world to introduce paternity leave in 1978, Finland’s current national leave scheme is complex with regard to incentivizing fathers’ take-up. Taking the unique Finnish leave scheme as a case example, this article examines fathers’ motivations and barriers to leave. Although research on fathers’ take-up of leave in divergent leave policy contexts has increased dramatically, fathers’ motivations and barriers to leave have remained underresearched. The article reports on a survey sample of 852 Finnish fathers of infants who were taking paternity, parental, and other forms of leave, drawn from the Population Register Center. Results show that less than 20% of fathers report taking no leave, with more than 80% taking some form of leave. A multinomial logistic regression analysis indicates that father’s work, partner’s education, and family income, along with father’s wish to take a break from work and wish to facilitate mother’s return to work or studies, are the key characteristics and motivations associated with fathers’ take-up of leave. The most common barriers to fathers’ take-up of leave were related to the family’s economic situation and the father’s job. It is suggested that decreasing maternalism in the leave scheme, by extending investment in fathers’ individual well-paid leave weeks, will also help promote greater gender equality for working parents in Finland following the path of Nordic neighbors.
Clinical findings in congenital infection by Zika virus: a retrospective study in a reference hospital in Central-West Brazil
Authors: de Paula Guimarães Cláudia , Macedo Myrella Silveira , Barbosa Maria Alves , Marques Solomar Martins , Costa Paulo Sucasas , de Oliveira Ênio Chaves
Published: October 2019

Background

An increased number of congenital Zika virus infections with neurological and musculoskeletal malformations have been diagnosed worldwide, however, there are still several gaps in the knowledge about this infection, its associated mechanism, timing of transmission, and description of throughout findings of signs and symptoms, which is described in this paper. The purpose of this study is to describe aspects of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) beyond the central nervous system comprising detailed delineation of all the other clinical findings.

Methods

A retrospective research developed using electronic medical records. We analyzed the files of 69 children with an initial diagnosis of microcephaly by Zika vírus who were born in 2015, 2016 and 2017, treated during the period from 2016 to 2017.

Results

The newborns presented several neurological and musculoskeletal malformations, eye damage, hearing impairment and other malformations.

Conclusions

The present study has significant impact for health care teams following lactents with Congenital Zika Syndrome.
Correction to: Precarious work and labor market segmentation: a comparative study on mainland China and Hong Kong
Authors: Li Jun
Published: October 2019

In the original publication of this article (Li 2019), there is an error in the last paragraph of the “Precarious work and labor market segmentation” section.
Building realistic structure models to train convolutional neural networks for seismic structural interpretation
Authors: Wu Xinming , Geng Zhicheng , Shi Yunzhi , Pham Nam , Fomel Sergey , Caumon Guillaume
Published: October 2019

Seismic structural interpretation involves highlighting and extracting faults and horizons that are apparent as geometric features in a seismic image. Although seismic image processing methods have been proposed to automate fault and horizon interpretation, each of which today still requires significant human effort. We improve automatic structural interpretation in seismic images by using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that recently have shown excellent performances in detecting and extracting useful image features and objects. The main limitation of applying CNNs in seismic interpretation is the preparation of many training data sets and especially the corresponding geologic labels. Manually labeling geologic features in a seismic image is highly time-consuming and subjective, which often results in incompletely or inaccurately labeled training images. To solve this problem, we have developed a workflow to automatically build diverse structure models with realistic folding and faulting features. In this workflow, with some assumptions about typical folding and faulting patterns, we simulate structural features in a 3D model by using a set of parameters. By randomly choosing the parameters from some predefined ranges, we are able to automatically generate numerous structure models with realistic and diverse structural features. Based on these structure models with known structural information, we further automatically create numerous synthetic seismic images and the corresponding ground truth of structural labels to train CNNs for structural interpretation in field seismic images. Accurate results of structural interpretation in multiple field seismic images indicate that our workflow simulates realistic and generalized structure models from which the CNNs effectively learn to recognize real structures in field images.
Mixed Feelings: The Tragicomedy of Maren Ade’sToni Erdmann
Authors: Glasenapp Jörn
Published: October 2019

Maren Ade is often included among the members of the Berlin School, yet her works are marked by a comedic tone, and frequently a tragicomic one. This tendency is already evident in her first two features, The Forest for the Trees (2003) and Everyone Else (2009), and it becomes even more so in her third, Toni Erdmann (2016), which generated a furor among audiences and critics. Taking Sigmund Freud’s reflections on ambivalence and overdetermination as its starting point, this article examines Ade’s film as a synthetic tragicomedy in which comedy and tragedy do not alternate and follow each other as distinct tendencies—as in the “additive” tragicomedy—but together produce contradiction and uncertainty.
Trophy Hunter: Ulrich Seidl’s Portraits and Safari
Authors: Prager Brad
Published: October 2019

The Austrian director Ulrich Seidl often films interview subjects as though they were posing for portrait photographs, and Seidl maintains that one of his major influences is the photographer Diane Arbus. This article examines how this high level of control over a film’s frames reveals strategies central to his filmmaking and especially to his documentary films. Seidl is particularly concerned with depicting his subjects’ complicity in the exploitation of labor, as seen in Safari (2016), a film about Austrians who travel to Namibia to hunt and collect trophies. Seidl presents viewers with unforgiving portraits of Austrian tourists, as he employs nearly every one of his trademark techniques to highlight the many contradictions behind his subjects’ perspectives.
An Elegy for German Cinema: Dominik Graf’s Doomed Loves and Open Wounds
Authors: Rentschler Eric
Published: October 2019

The film essays Verfluchte Liebe deutscher Film (2016) and Offene Wunde deutscher Film (2017), coscripted and codirected by Dominik Graf and Johannes F. Sievert, survey the postwar history of genre cinema in the Federal Republic of Germany and take stock of the present situation. Their diagnosis is grim, for in their assessment the state of the nation’s film culture is altogether dire and depleted. Why, they wonder, are German films so unpopular? Why does Germany produce so few compelling genre films, and why do German films in general seem so averse to representing German bodies? In fact, and here is where their key emphasis lies, there have been some (albeit only a few) noteworthy counterexamples of German genre films that are vibrant and full of life, that plumb depths and probe outer limits, that relish excess and abound with sensuality. Graf and Sievert’s two films provide an impassioned intervention in the form of an archaeological excavation. This article considers its argument and examines its rhetoric, especially the way in which it eschews an artistic cinema of authors (Autorenkino) and espouses a more kinetic body cinema of action, affect, and violence.
Training and Effort Dynamics in Apprenticeship
Authors: Fudenberg Drew , Rayo Luis
Published: October 2019

A principal specifies time paths of effort provision, task allocation, and knowledge transfer for a cash-constrained apprentice, who is free to walk away at any time. In the optimal contract the apprentice pays for training by working for low or no wages and by working inefficiently hard. The apprentice can work on both knowledge-complementary and knowledge-independent tasks. We study the optimal time path of effort distortions and their impact on the knowledge transfer, and analyze the effect of regulatory limits on the length of apprenticeships and on how much effort apprentices are allowed to provide. (JEL D82, D86, J24, J41, M53)
Incentivized Resume Rating: Eliciting Employer Preferences without Deception
Authors: Kessler Judd B. , Low Corinne , Sullivan Colin D.
Published: October 2019

We introduce a new experimental paradigm to evaluate employer preferences, called incentivized resume rating (IRR). Employers evaluate resumes they know to be hypothetical in order to be matched with real job seekers, preserving incentives while avoiding the deception necessary in audit studies. We deploy IRR with employers recruiting college seniors from a prestigious school, randomizing human capital characteristics and demographics of hypothetical candidates. We measure both employer preferences for candidates and employer beliefs about the likelihood that candidates will accept job offers, avoiding a typical confound in audit studies. We discuss the costs, benefits, and future applications of this new methodology. (JEL D83, I26, J23, J24, M51)
Potential applications of microRNA profiling to forensic investigations
Authors: Glynn Claire L.
Published: October 2019

Within the forensic science community, there is a continued push to develop novel tools to aid in criminal investigations. microRNA (miRNA) analysis has been the focus of many researcher's attention in the biomedical field since its discovery in 1993; however, the forensic application of miRNA analysis has only been suggested within the last 10 years and has been gaining considerable traction recently. The primary focus of the forensic application of miRNA analysis has been on body fluid identification to provide confirmatory universal analysis of unknown biological stains obtained from crime scenes or evidence items. There are, however, other forensic applications of miRNA profiling that have shown potential, yet are largely understudied, and warrant further investigation such as organ tissue identification, donor age estimation, and more. This review paper aims to evaluate the current literature and future potential of miRNA analysis within the forensic science field.
Economic poverty
Authors: Борзых Станислав , Borzykh Stanislav
Published: October 2019

The monograph addresses the theoretical and methodological foundations of economic science. The author of the monograph sharply criticizes the basic postulates of Economics and the prerequisites of the findings. The subjects of critical analysis in the monograph are the system of criteria for assessing economic knowledge and deductive statements of economic science. All of the above, from the point of view of the author of the monograph, requires a speedy revision of the place of modern Economics in the system of social Sciences, as well as the methodological Arsenal of this scientific discipline.
For a wide range of readers interested in the development of the economy from the point of view of philosophical issues.
Subdiffusive Load Balancing in Time-Varying Queueing Systems
Authors: Atar Rami , Keslassy Isaac , Mendelson Gal
Published: October 2019

The degree to which delays or queue lengths equalize under load-balancing algorithms gives a good indication of their performance. Some of the most well-known results in this context are concerned with the asymptotic behavior of the delay or queue length at the diffusion scale under a critical load condition, where arrival and service rates do not vary with time. For example, under the join-the-shortest-queue policy, the queue length deviation process, defined as the difference between the greatest and smallest queue length as it varies over time, is at a smaller scale (subdiffusive) than that of queue lengths (diffusive).
Migraine and calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway antibodies: a treatment route in tertiary care
Authors: Bhola Ria , Tuazon Juel
Published: October 2019

Inhibiting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway is a new treatment to prevent migraines. CGRP is a potent vasodilator and is a key neuropeptide which plays a crucial role in migraine pathophysiology. Following the European Medicines Agency's approval of three CGRP pathway monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), erenumab, fremanezumab and galcanezumab, the authors proceeded with early adoption in practice. Here they summarise and share their patient treatment pathway using erenumab, the first mAb to become clinically available.
Admiral Nursing: supporting families affected by dementia within a holistic intermediate care team
Authors: Aldridge Zena , Davies Victoria , Dening Karen Harrison
Published: October 2019

There are increasing pressures on the health and social care system, particularly within acute hospital care. This has led to significant changes being implemented throughout the NHS England Long Term Plan (2019) , such as moving services closer to home and improving ‘out of hospital’ care. Intermediate care services are being developed to improve timely discharge from hospital and prevent unnecessary hospital admissions and premature transfer to residential care. An innovative intermediate care model, inclusive of Admiral Nursing, has been developed within Olympus Care Services to support families living with dementia, implementing an intensive 8-week intervention model. It is essential that intermediate services are accessible for people with dementia, inclusive of the needs of the family, and that they work within the context of integrated and collaborative models of care across traditional organisational boundaries. The aim is not only to improve resilience and quality of life, but also to offer opportunities to promote the narrative of living well with dementia. This service model illustrates how this can be achieved with inclusion of Admiral Nursing working within reablement services.
A multimodal approach to hindlimb surgical analgesia: femoral and sciatic nerve blocks
Authors: Latham Rebecca
Published: October 2019

The provision of safe and optimal analgesia is a fundamental consideration for veterinary practitioners, ensuring the welfare of patients entrusted to their care. The registered veterinary nurse's role is often key with regards to pain scoring patients, identifying pain emergence and liaising with the veterinary surgeon.
Behavioural first aid advice for canine patients
Authors: Hargrave Claire
Published: October 2019

Despite the need for evidence-based advice regarding the behavioural health of their companion animals, owners may struggle to realise that this advice can be readily accessed from their veterinary practice. Many veterinary clients still rely, instead, on popular misconceptions perpetuated by the media and other pet owners. Furthering this problem is the reticence of some veterinary professionals to become involved in queries about patient behaviour, as they feel ill equipped to support the client and patient. This article forms part of a species-specific series of articles, intended to provide basic behavioural guidance that can be delivered by practice staff. This specific article focuses on enabling any veterinary practice to give basic support for the emotional and behavioural needs of their canine patients.
Hyperthyroidism in cats: should we be routinely testing for early diagnosis?
Authors: Gordon Gillian M
Published: October 2019

Background:

Routine testing for hyperthyroidism could become standard practice in all cats, before the onset of clinical signs.

Aims:

To describe serum total thyroxine (T4) concentration levels in a population of clinically normal cats; to determine the range of T4 levels in clinically normal cats; to estimate the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in clinically normal cats and to identify risk factors for elevated T4 levels in clinically normal cats tested for hyperthyroidism and are diagnosed.

Methods:

Total T4 records of 202 clinically normal cats, tested for routine pre-anaesthetic bloods, using a Quantum Saturno 100 Vet wet chemistry analyser, were analysed retrospectively. Any result above or below the normal reference range was classified as being hypo/hyperthyroid. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software assisted in the analysis of blood results and highlighted risk factors associated with the disease.

Results:

Out of the 202 clinically normal cats, 76 did, in fact, have hyperthyroidism. There was a statistically significant association between breed and T4 result, with a much higher prevalence of hyperthyroidism and higher median T4 result in purebreed cats compared with crossbreed cats. Thus providing evidence that routine testing on all purebreed cats could be worthwhile. Age, weight, gender, neutered status and colour were not significantly associated with hyperthyroidism or T4 result.

Conclusion:

Purebreed cats are a group that could be routinely tested for hyperthyroidism, as results showed a statistically significant association between breed and T4 result.
A prospective, randomized, three arm, open label study comparing the safety and efficacy of PP110, a novel treatment for hemorrhoids to preparation-H® maximum strength cream in the treatment of grade 2–3 hemorrhoids
Authors: Klein Ehud , Shapiro Ron , Ben-Dahan Jose , Simcha Moshe , Azuri Yosef , Rosen Ada
Published: October 2019

Background

Hemorrhoids are a common disorder that affects the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. The effectiveness of OTC medication is limited and they mainly provide symptomatic relief. In order to treat this ailment, we formulated PP110 Gel and Wipes, as a novel treatment for hemorrhoids. PP110 is based on known active ingredients with a topical film-forming agent designed to provide physical protection and prolonged tissue contact with the active ingredients.

Methods

PP110 Gel, PP110 Wipes and the comparator Preparation-H® were used on three patient cohorts. Treatment was administered once daily for PP110, and three-four times daily for Preparation-H®, for 14 days. Six different clinical parameters relating to common symptoms of hemorrhoids were monitored.

Results

PP110 Gel was significantly better than Preparation-H® in reducing bleeding (Δ = 6 %), providing pain relief (Δ = 10 %) and controlling itching (Δ = 11 %). These three parameters are considered as the most common distressing symptoms for hemorrhoids patients, demonstrating that PP110 is superior to conventional treatment.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the efficacy of the PP110 Gel in treating hemorrhoids and its superiority to conventional treatments. The PP110 film-based formulation provides a slow-release mechanism and as a consequence, a prolonged therapeutic window. PP110 was both more effective in reducing hemorrhoids symptoms and more convenient to use, in that it only required application once per day.
Left-sided portal hypertension due to retroperitoneal fibrosis treated with an oesophagus preserving, modified Sugiura procedure
Authors: Di Martino M , de la Hoz Rodríguez A , Real Martínez Y , Martín-Pérez E
Published: October 2019

Left-sided portal hypertension is a very uncommon condition and retroperitoneal fibrosis has rarely been reported as a cause. We present the case of a 77-year-old man with retroperitoneal fibrosis obstructing the splenic vein and causing recurrent episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Computed tomography showed a retroperitoneal mass as being responsible for the obstruction of the splenic vein, splenomegaly, and diffuse varices around the gastrosplenic and gastrohepatic ligaments. An oesophagus preserving, modified Sugiura procedure was performed with disconnection of the gastric vessels on the lesser curve of the stomach, preserving the pylorus branches of the nerves of Latarjet.
The need for Paediatric Emergency Laparotomy Audit (PELA) in the UK
Authors: Sinha CK , Rye E , Sunderland R , Rex D , Nicholls E , Okoye B
Published: October 2019

Introduction

The National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) has raised serious concerns about the processes of care and outcomes in adult emergency laparotomies in the UK. To date, no comparable data have been published for children. The aim of this study was to investigate the need for a similar audit in children.

Methods

Data were collected retrospectively following NELA guidelines. Results were analysed using QuickCalcs (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, US).

Results

The study period spanned 7.5 years. A total of 161 patients were identified for inclusion in the audit. The median patient age was 2.8 years. Half (49%) of the cohort were deemed ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade ≥2. A history of previous abdominal surgery was noted in 37% of the patients. The median time from admission to operation was 15 hours. Over a third (39%) of the operations were performed out of hours. The most common indications for surgery comprised adhesive bowel obstruction (37%), intussusception (27%) and volvulus (9%). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days with the median postoperative stay being 6 days (NELA data 10.6 days). Half (51%) of the cases required intensive care following surgery. The 30-day mortality rate was 3.1%. The overall mortality rate was 4.3% (NELA data 16%). Patient care was led by a consultant surgeon in 100% of cases (NELA data 89%).

Conclusions

This is the first study in children that provides baseline data about the standards of care and outcomes from a single centre paediatric emergency laparotomy audit. A larger study using data from multiple centres would be of great benefit.
Desastres naturais
Authors: Dário Patrícia Passarini , Malagutti William
Published: October 2019

Os desastres ambientais são cada vez mais frequentes e causam grande impacto social, econômico e ambiental. Para que o cuidado ofertado aos expostos seja adequado e a recuperação integral, devem-se considerar as dimensões física, mental e social nas ações desenvolvidas. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer as possíveis atuações do psicólogo em situações de desastres ambientais e buscou descrever os impactos dos desastres sobre a saúde da população exposta a eles. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica a partir de publicações feitas por instituições de referência e órgãos oficiais. No campo da Psicologia o debate sobre o assunto tem crescido, assim como a produção de conhecimento. Porém, ainda são escassas as publicações com orientações específicas para a atuação de psicólogos em situações de desastres ambientais. É consenso que as ações relacionadas aos desastres não devem restringir-se ao auxílio durante e após o ocorrido, sendo essenciais práticas preventivas que orientem e conscientizem a população para que sejam capazes de ajudar a minimizar o impacto dos eventos. O psicólogo em todas as etapas deve atuar para promover e proteger os direitos humanos, assim como auxiliar para que a população possa dar novo significado a experiência vivida. É necessário ampliar os debates e estruturar as pesquisas sobre o tema, para que se produzam orientações e diretrizes sólidas para uma assistência efetiva à população afetada.
Adaptação curricular para alunos com síndrome de Down
Authors: Ribeiro Juliana Santos , Pereira Lima Najra Danny , Lima Mayanny Silva , Medeiros Thalia Costa , Rocha Gilma Sannyelle Silva , Medeiros Thais Costa
Published: October 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar a percepção dos professores sobre adaptação curricular para alunos com Síndrome de Down. Trata-se de um estudo de campo de natureza aplicada, avaliativo, exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. Para tanto utilizar-se á os seguintes critérios de inclusão: ser professor e atuar em salas de aulas regulares do ensino fundamental e aceitar de livre e espontânea vontade participar desta pesquisa. Serão excluídos os docentes que não estiverem em concordância com pelo menos um dos itens supracitados. Diante disto os riscos previstos neste estudo são:  que os professores possam se sentir incapazes e inertes por não conhecerem muito sobre a temática, serem exposto sobre algo que não tenham conhecimento e não saiba responder. O estudo contou com a participação de 50 professores que responderam ao questionário. Logo, foi feito uma tabela contendo os dados sociodemográfico. Nota-se que os profissionais têm pouco conhecimento sobre as características do aluno com Síndrome de Down e que em sua maioria tem dúvidas acerca da adaptação curricular para alunos com SD.   Portanto, é perceptível a falta de conhecimento dos profissionais sobre o tema e o quanto é necessário a qualificação dos profissionais da rede de ensino para atenderem as diversas demandas em sala de aulas.
The influence of individual behavioral aspects toward audit judgment: the mediating role of self-efficacy
Authors: Pawitra Dyah Ayu Kanina , Suhartini Dwi
Published: October 2019

The financial statement should be relevant, reliable, and free of material misstatement to be valuable. To achieve this objective, it requires an independent auditor. This study aimed to examine the effect of the aspects of individual behavior consisting of knowledge, audit experience, pressure of obedience and complexity of tasks, and the psychological aspects of self-efficacy as a moderating variable to the auditor's audit judgment at Surabaya Public Accounting Firm. The data were taken by a questionnaire distributed to auditors in Surabaya Public Accounting Firm registered in the Directory of the Indonesian Institute of Certified Public Accountants 2017, with a minimum work period of 2 years (auditor partner). They were analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0. The results indicate that knowledge has a significant positive effect on audit judgment. On the contrary, the audit experience does not have a positive effect on audit judgment, and compliance pressure and task complexity do not negatively affect judgment audits. Self-efficacy, as a moderating variable, is only capable of moderating the pressure of compliance with judgment audits. This suggests that public accounting firms, as well as auditors, should increase their knowledge so that they can make better audit judgments.
Unmanned Free Balloon Flight’s Integration into Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management
Authors: Hegyi Norbert , Jósvai János
Published: October 2019

This paper describes and inspects unmanned aerial vehicle, unmanned aircraft system, unmanned aircraft system traffic management, light and medium unmanned free balloons. It presents future safety developments and goals of the European Union’s own airspace, but also the Hungarian free route airspace. The development and realization of Swiss U-Space is discussed. Hungarian flights statistics are analyzed. Based on statistics, realized and under development solutions there are recommendations in the paper for the integration of the flight tacking for the mentioned balloons. A real flight tracking test has been done and it is shown in this paper. Its properties are analyzed with conclusions for possible usage.
Diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder using EOG signals: a new approach
Authors: Latifoğlu Fatma , Esas Mustafa Yasin , Demirci Esra
Published: October 2019

A system based on objective data was developed in the diagnosis and follow-up of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in this study. First of all, an electronic circuit, with a two-channel instrumentation amplifier designed to detect eye movements in the horizontal and vertical directions via surface electrodes, was developed to obtain the electrooculogram (EOG) signals. In order to provide a controlled analysis of eye movements during the reception of the signal, an attention test with visual stimulus software was developed. Eight patients with ADHD and eight healthy subjects were asked to monitor the stimulus images on the screen in the reference directions of the test system while recording EOG signals. According to the results of the t-test, no significant difference was found (p=0.11) between the healthy group and the reference movement information, whereas a significant difference was found between patients and the reference motion information (p=0.049). According to these results, it was seen that the number of eye movements of healthy individuals was statistically significant. In addition, they were inconsistent with the reference movement information. The level of significance was found to be low in patients. In this study, a new method is presented to test and diagnose individuals who were attention deficit.
Simultaneous Quantification of the New Psychoactive Substances 3-FMC, 3-FPM, 4-CEC, and 4-BMC in Human Blood using GC-MS
Authors: Bakdash Abdulsallam
Published: October 2019

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for simultaneous quantification of 3-fluoromethcathinone (3-FMC), (±)-3-fluorophenmetrazine (3-FPM), 4-chloroethcathinone (4-CEC) and 4-Bromomethcathinone (4-BMC) in human blood with (±)-methcathinone-D3 as internal standard has been developed and validated. Whole blood samples were treated with 10% trichloroacetic acid for protein precipitation before solid phase extraction. The method was selective, the calibration curves showed linearity for all substances with R2 ranging from 0.991 to 0.998 in the range 5-1.000 ng/mL. Analysis of blank samples showed no-sign of carryover. Precision and accuracy were acceptable with values less than 20% (RSD) and ± 20% (Bias). The limit of quantification (LOQ) for all substances was 5ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day precision were 2.111.7% and 1.3 -10.2% respectively and accuracy biases were between -10.6-19.6% % (intra-day) and 11-12.1% (inter-day). The extraction efficiencies were 85.4, 82.8, 79.1 and 74.9% for 3-FMC, 3-FPM, 4-CEC and 4-BMC respectively.

A robust and reliable simultaneous quantification method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode (GC-MS-SIM) is reported.
To What Extent Should We Enrich Law and Economics? On Calabresi and his Future of Law and Economics
Authors: Lanneau Régis
Published: October 2019

In this paper, I argue that the “expanded” economic theory advocated in Calabresi’s book “The Future of Law and Economics” could be interpreted in at least three different ways, all of which are compatible. First, Calabresi’s book could be interpreted as an attempt to incentivize lawyer-economists to explore laws and regulations from different angles or perspectives rather than merely apply neoclassical theories. Second, it could be considered an attempt to justify the introduction of the notion of moral costs into law and economics to better explain some legal realities. Third, it could be considered an attempt to advocate, in a more normative way, the need to incorporate moral costs into real world analysis to better improve upon decision making.

This paper will address and discuss each of these possible interpretations. It will be clear that, from an epistemological point of view, if the first interpretation might be more widely accepted because it is less controversial, the second and third interpretations remain more problematic. Admittedly, the concept of moral costs could obscure and even distort our understanding of some legal realities. Moreover, the introduction of such costs for decision making is raising questions which cannot be answered through economic theory alone.