bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ У ФОРМУВАННІ ЕСТЕТИЧНОГО СПРИЙМАННЯ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ ЗАСОБАМИ МИСТЕЦТВА
Authors: Тодосієнко Наталя , Маринчук Тамара
Published: March 2021

One of the important tasks of the modern humanist-oriented upbringing of the younger generation is the creation of conditions for the gradual transition of the student from the reproductive to the creative level of development, which takes place through communication and activities, the direct inclusion of students in the system of artistic and aesthetic relations, the sphere of perception of various types of art, the acquisition of artistic- aesthetic knowledge and experience, own creative activity. In the conditions of the new Ukrainian school the task of full-fledged development of the person, which involves the comprehensive identification of its potential, abilities, talents, increase of cognitive activity and positive motivation of education, arises. In the article the actual problems of aesthetic education of the personality of the junior pupil are highlighted, methodological approaches to the formation of aesthetic perception in children of junior school age and their introduction in the educational process of the modern school, the maximum use of creative potential of students are substantiated. To achieve the goal, the selection, development and testing of thecomplex of activation methods, the study of the development of aesthetic perception in children of junior school age, the pedagogical potential of using the complex of arts in the context of the formation of a child's creative, high-spiritual personality, aesthetic perception culture of junior pupils and the acquisition of a coherent knowledge system about art was carried out. in extracurricular forms of educational work. The purpose of the paper is to determine the main methodological approaches to the formation of aesthetic perception of younger students by means of art, the disclosure of their essence in modern conditions, to prove their necessity and expediency in the educational process of elementary school. Accordingly, the goals are defined by the following tasks: to consider the use of the potential of methodological approaches to the organization of the process of aesthetic education in elementary school; to define forms and methods of activization of aesthetic perception of children of elementary school age, which are connected with artistic activity.
TEKNIK KULTUR MAGGOT (Hermetia illucens) PADA KELOMPOK BUDIDAYA IKAN DI KELURAHAN KASTELA
Authors: Andriani Rovina , Muchdar Fatma , Juharni Juharni , M. Samadan Gamal , Wahyu Alfishahrin. T Wahyu , Abjan Kadar , Margono M. Tirta
Published: March 2021

Maggot atau larva dari lalat black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) merupakan salah satu alternatif pakan yang memenuhi persyaratan sebagai sumber protein. Bahan makanan yang mengandung protein kasar lebih dari 19%, digolongkan sebagai bahan makanan sumber protein. Maggot merupakan salah satu jenis pakan alami yang memiliki protein tinggi. Maggot mengandung 41-42% protein kasar, 31-35% ekstrak eter, 14-15% abu, 4,8-5,1% kalsium, dan 0,6-0,63% fosfor dalam bentuk kering. Larva lalat Black soldier dapat digunakan untuk mengkonversi limbah seperti limbah industri pertanian, peternakan, ataupun kotoran manusia. Untuk membudidayakan pakan alami ini selain relatif mudah, biaya yang dikeluarkan juga tidak terlalu besar. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Kastela pada Bulan Juli 2020 dimana Kelurahan Kastela merupakan lokasi Laboratorium yang dimiliki oleh Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Unkhair dan merupakan lokasi penelitian sekaligus pengabdian masyarakat. Tujuan dari dilaksanakan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu; Memberi informasi kepada masyarakat bagaimana membuat pakan ikan yang murah, mudah dan ramah lingkungan sehingga masyarakat tidak kesulitan untuk mendapatkan pakan ikan. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan PKM ini adalah menambah keterampilan masyarakat teknik kultur maggot (Hermetia illucens) pengganti pellet sebagai pakan ikan.
Research on Improvisation in the Course of Piano and Nursery Rhyme Playing and Singing in Preschool Education Major
Authors: Wang Li
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, the training goals of the preschool education major are constantly expanding with the society's deep understanding of early childhood education, and the requirements for students' various skills and professionalism have been improved. Among them, piano improvisation is the teaching content of the course of piano and nursery rhyme playing and singing in this major, and it is also an ability of great practical significance. Therefore, teachers should actively explore the value of piano improvisation ability, reflect on the problems in the current teaching situation, and find ways to optimize the teaching effect, which are very helpful to future teaching practice.
Hacia una evaluación de programas académicos de informática, computación y tecnologías de información, aplicando un enfoque de mejora continua de procesos
Authors: Aguilar Cisneros Jorge
Published: March 2021

Actualmente, el Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación A.C. (CONAIC), entre otras actividades, realiza procesos de evaluación con fines de acreditación a programas del área de Informática, Computación y Tecnologías de la Información. CONAIC otorga, como resultado de sus evaluaciones, la acreditación o no acreditación de las Institucionesevaluadas. En este artículo, se propone una forma alternativa de implementar y evaluar las Categorías (Procesos) definidas por CONAIC, para ello, se toman como base diferentes estándares nacionales e internacionales de definición, implementación y evaluación de procesos. En este sentido y bajo un enfoque de mejora continua de procesos, se propone el uso de 5 niveles de madurez para CONAIC, para el nivel 1 se muestra un ejemplo de implementación y evaluación de productos de trabajo y prácticas base que demuestren el cumplimiento o no cumplimento de este nivel de madurez.

Currently, the National Council of Accreditation in Informatics and Computing A.C. (known as CONAIC in Spanish), amongst other activities, implements evaluation processes that aim to accredit informatics, computer science and information technology programs. After evaluating an institution, CONAIC can grant or refuse accreditation to the institution depending on the results of its evaluations. In this article, an alternative form of implementing and evaluating the categories (processes) defined by CONAIC isproposed which is based on different national and international standards of process definition, implementation and evaluation. In that sense and with a focus on continuous process improvement, it is proposed that CONAIC uses 5 levels of maturity. For the first level, an example is shown of the implementation and evaluation of work outcomes and basic practices that demonstrate the compliance or non-compliance with that level of maturity.
Geotechnical Behavior of Stabilized Dunes Sand by Cement
Authors: Elsawy Mohamed B. D.
Published: March 2021

The dunes sand is wide spread with huge quantities all over the world especially in desert areas near roads. The objective of the current paper is to use dunes sand as a foundation soil under structures instead of utilizing expensive replacement with structural fills. The dunes sand samples were collected from a site outside Tabuk city in the north-west of Saudi Arabia. Several experimental tests were performed on the dunes sand samples such as sieve analysis, standard Proctor compaction, drained direct shear and CBR. The test results indicated that the sand dunes are SP according to USCS. The sand dunes have also low shear strength and CBR value. The bearing ability of the sand dunes became weaker due to water immersion. Therefore, the construction on the non-treated dunes sand is impossible. For the later reason, the dunes sand was stabilized with various ordinary Portland cement fractions ranging from 3% to 15%. Compaction and CBR tests were conducted on the stabilized dunes sand. The maximum dry density increased as the increments of the cement contents accompanying with the decrement of porosity and optimum moisture content. The stabilized dunes sand implied higher CBR values than the non-treated soil.  The CBR values of the stabilized soil increased with increasing cement fractions. The stabilized dunes sand induced very high CBR values after longer curing times for all the utilized cement contents. The stabilized dunes sand using only 3% is considered the optimum design achieving good performance under structures and best economic mix.
Kajian Hadis: Iman, Islam dan Ihsan dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Kuliyatun Kuliyatun
Published: March 2021

Learning methods and materials are an important part of the learning process. Rasulullah Saw's journey in every teaching mission cannot be separated from what he will teach, and how he teaches it to his Friends. Referring to the Prophet's education and teacher training pattern, in the Islamic perspective, teachers are a key position in shaping the true Muslim personality. Therefore, it is necessary to study the other side behind the success of Rasullah Saw in spreading Islam. This manuscript provides an analysis that learning material is scientific material that is determined in a learning process. While the method is a way of conveying material, both material that is real and ghoib. In glasses of methods and materials, from the hadith about the arrival of the angel Gabriel, Rasulullah Saw in delivering messages, using the method of conversation or question and answer, with Gabriel and his Friends. The material presented was about the concept of the pillars of religion, namely Islam, Faith, Ihsan and the End of Days.

Metode dan materi pembelajaran merupakan bagian penting dalam suatu proses pembelajaran. Perjalanan Rasulullah Saw dalam setiap misi mengajarnya tidak lepas dari apa yang akan diajarkan, dan bagaimana beliau mengajarkannya kepada para Sahabat. Merujuk pada pola pendidikan dan keguruan Rasulullah Saw, dalam perspektif Islam, guru menjadi posisi kunci dalam membentuk kepribadian muslim yang sejati. Oleh karena itu, perlunya mengkaji sisi lain dibalik suksesnya Rasulullah Saw menyebarkan Islam.  Naskah ini memberikan analisis bahwa  materi pembelajaran adalah bahan ilmu pengetahuan yang ditetapkan dalam suatu proses pembelajaran. Sedangkan metode merupakan cara dalam menyampaikan suatu materi, baik materi yang bersifat nyata maupun ghoib. Berkacamata dari metode dan materi dari hadis tentang kedatangan malaikat Jibril, Rasulullah Saw dalam menyampaikan pesan, menggunakan cara metode percakapan atau tanya jawab, dengan Jibril dan sahabatnya. Materi yang disampaikan seputar tentang konsep rukun agama, yaitu Islam, Iman, Ihsan dan Hari Akhir.
E-LEARNING BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA SLBN 1 PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Sinana Admi Rut , Sahay Abertun Sagit
Published: March 2021

This e-learning website was built for students of SMPLB and SMALB on SLBN 1 Palangka Raya who have special needs in terms of hearing and moving. Teachers in the classroom more often use video and picture media, this is certainly not a problem when students are in class, but when students are at home and want to repeat the learning, of course this will be an obstacle. Based on thats problems, it is expected that this Palangkaraya SLBN 1 E-Learning Website can facilitate the teaching and learning process of overcoming these learning problems. Designing and building e-learning for students of Palangka Raya 1 SMPLB using the Waterfall software development method according to Sommerville (2011: 29-30) This website was built using PHP and SQLyog as a database processor and XAMPP as a web server. The testing method carried out on the website is a blackbox testing.
DESAIN MODEL FUZZY-TSUKAMOTO UNTUK PENENTUAN KUALITAS BUAH PEPAYA CALIFORNIA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) BERDASARKAN BENTUK FISIK
Authors: Al Rivan Muhammad Ezar , Octavia Angella , Wijaya Irvan
Published: March 2021

Papaya easily found in the local market with a relatively cheap price, adequate nutrient and vitamin content. The quality of California papaya can be measured by size, color and defect. This research discusses the topic of fuzzy model design regarding the measured of the quality of papaya using fuzzy tsukamoto with input variables major axis, minor axis, red and green intensity color, and defect variables along with the output as a result of determining the quality of California papaya. Based on the tests that have been carried out, the results of the quality is 75%.
Antibiotic and Disinfectant Resistance in Tap Water Strains – Insight into the Resistance of Environmental Bacteria
Authors: SIEDLECKA AGATA , WOLF-BACA MIRELA J. , PIEKARSKA KATARZYNA
Published: March 2021

Although antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) have been isolated from tap water worldwide, the knowledge of their resistance patterns is still scarce. Both horizontal and vertical gene transfer has been suggested to contribute to the resistance spread among tap water bacteria. In this study, ARB were isolated from finished water collected at two independent water treatment plants (WTPs) and tap water collected at several point-of-use taps during summer and winter sampling campaigns. A total of 24 strains were identified to genus or species level and subjected to antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility testing. The investigated tap water ARB belonged to phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. The majority of the isolates proved multidrug resistant and resistant to chemical disinfectant. Neither seasonal nor WTP-dependent variabilities in antibiotic or disinfectant resistance were found. Antibiotics most effective against the investigated isolates included imipenem, tetracyclines, erythromycin, and least effective – aztreonam, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, and ceftazidime. The most resistant strains originate from Afipia sp. and Methylobacterium sp. Comparing resistance patterns of isolated tap water ARB with literature reports concerning the same genera or species confirms intra-genus or even intra-specific variabilities of environmental bacteria. Neither species-specific nor acquired resistance can be excluded.
Концепція інформаційно-сенсорної решітки на основі технології MIMO
Authors: Зінченко А. О. , Слюсар В. І.
Published: March 2021

Уперше запропонована концепція інтеграції інформаційної та сенсорної підсистем мережецентричного ведення бойових дій у єдину інформаційно-сенсорну підсистему з перетворенням інформаційної компоненти на інформаційно-сенсорну решітку. Створення радарно-телекомунікаційної мережі інформаційно-сенсорної решітки має стати початком подальшої інтеграції інформаційної підсистеми із системою систем різнотипних сенсорів, які функціонують за різноманітними фізичними принципами. Це дасть можливість охопити розгалуженим інформаційно-сенсорним контролем весь космічний, повітряний, наземний, надводний та підводний простір у відведеній операційній зоні.На початковому етапі синтезу радарно-телекомунікаційної мережі запропоновано створення багатопозиційної інтегрованої системи зв’язку та радіолокації із застосуванням у кожній позиції мобільної станції зв’язку та радіолокації, оснащеної цифровою антенною решіткою з режимом роботи МІМО та використанням сигналів неортогональної частотної дискретної модуляції.
Derechos durante el parto, según recomendaciones OMS (2018): Percepción de las mujeres
Authors: Correa Castañeda Nayary , Aguirre Arenas Juan Alejandro , Camacho Prada Jessica Yurley , Posada Morales María Neyfeth
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Determinar si las mujeres que asisten a una institución de salud de Risaralda reconocen sus derechos en atención del parto, según Recomendaciones de la OMS. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo, descriptivo, transversal, muestreo por conveniencia, muestra 80 mujeres que tuvieron parto normal entre enero-marzo 2020 en una institución de salud. Instrumento encuesta. Tabulación y análisis de datos en Excel y paquete estadístico SPSS-V23. Resultados: Desconocimiento de su derecho al acompañamiento, al trato digno (10%) y a la información en salud (11,2%). Conclusiones: La mujer en un alto porcentaje recibe información, pero no se empodera de sus derechos en atención del parto.
Proximate analysis and nutrient content estimation of marine fish species of saint martin’s island in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Tanhaul , Shoeb Mohammad , Islam Md Nazrul , Islam Rafiza , Rhaman Md Mizanur , Nahar Nilufar
Published: March 2021

Saint Martin’s Island is a unique coral island in Bangladesh. Locally available fish species (both fresh and dry fish) were collected from the island to study moisture, ash, fat, protein content, fatty acid compositions and heavy metals. Fish oil was extracted from samples by solid phase dispersion method and fatty acid compositions were analyzed by GC-FID. Protein content in fresh fish samples was determined by the micro-Kjeldahl method.  Homogenized samples were digested, filtered and analyzed by AAS for determining toxic heavy metals in the fish samples. The fresh fishes appear to be a good source of dietary protein.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 2, 191-195, 2020
Alternatif Pengelolaan Keuangan Haji di Indonesia
Authors: Septiana Nurul Izzati
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun alternatif model pengelolaan keuangan haji pada bank syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh konsep alternatif pengelolaan keuangan haji pada bank syariah dengan menggunakan akad musyarakah mutanaqishah dengan penempatan pada dana pihak pertama bank syariah.
Avaliação dos pacientes com Diabetes e Hipertensão em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família localizada na zona rural do interior do Estado do Pará
Authors: Costa Marcio Lima da , Moraes Rodolfo Botelho , Vaz Davis Wilker Nascimento , Santos Gabriel Aguiar dos , Duarte Renan Corrêa da Costa , Santos Junior Jose Aufeu Barreto dos , Menezes Thayssa Xavier de Figueiredo , Teixeira Roberto de Sousa
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar os pacientes com diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 e Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) localizada na zona rural do município de Santa Bárbara do Pará, Estado do Pará, Brasil. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, observacional, transversal e descritivo. A população estudada foi constituída pelos portadores de HAS e/ou DM II, atendidos na referida ESF, dentro do período de 1 ano. Resultados: 102 pessoas participaram do estudo. Desses, 70 pacientes eram hipertensos, 10 eram diabéticos e 22 possuíam HAS e DM II, concomitantemente. O gênero feminino foi o predominante com 57,84% dos casos. A etnia mais prevalente foi a parda (43,13%). O estudo identificou uma baixa adesão à dieta recomendada, tanto em hipertensos (21,42%) e diabéticos (30%) quanto nos portadores das duas patologias (45,45%). A taxa de adesão à prática regular de atividade física também foi baixa nos 3 grupos da presente pesquisa. A maior parte (59,37%) dos diabéticos apresentou níveis glicêmicos acima do recomendado. A maioria (66,3%) dos hipertensos também apresentou níveis pressóricos acima do adequado. Conclusão: Assim, é imperativo que haja um fortalecimento do vínculo da equipe multiprofissional da saúde com o paciente atendido na ESF, buscando sempre o exercício do cuidado em saúde de forma holística, com o intuito de melhorar a adesão ao tratamento da HAS e da DM II.
Implementation Of The Strong Coastal Development Program In The Efforts To Develop Coastal Areas As Poverty Reduction Efforts In Central Java Province
Authors: Ndori Kund , Palapa Arika
Published: March 2021

Coastal villages have different characteristics from villages in rural areas. This difference is not only on the geographical-ecological aspect, but also on economic and socio-cultural characteristics. Geographically, coastal villages are on the border between land and sea. Geographical-ecological conditions of coastal villages affect economic activities in them. Economic activities in coastal villages are characterized by activities in the utilization of coastal environmental resources and services. Economic activities include fisheries, trade, maritime tourism, and transportation This study seeks to study the application of tough coastal development programs as an effort to build an oriented coastal region to facilitate the economic activities of villages in coastal areas that are expected to reduce the poverty rate of coastal communities in the middle of the city. This study uses a qualitative research design using descriptive methods that intend to explain how the phenomenon of resilient coastal village development and coastal area development as an effort to reduce the number of coastal communities in Central Java province by using purposive sampling sampling techniques and research samples taken in coastal communities The results of the north coast of Java  and cilacap districts were as follows: that the implementation of the strong Coastal Village Development Program in the coastal communities of Central Java showed that the three focuses of development activities had been carried out properly. The development activities are resource development, environmental / infrastructure development, and disaster preparedness development. While activities that are not carried out are human development and business development. The recommendations given in this study are that the implementation of the program must be supported by sufficient funds, need coordination and cooperation with other stakeholders, and the need for effective monitoring and evaluation

Keywords: program implementation, coastal village, coastal area development, Poverty, Central Java
Peningkatan Efisiensi Waktu Kapal Sandar di Era New Normal Dipelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang
Authors: Hanik Kumila Mila
Published: March 2021

Saat ini Bidang Transportasi Laut memiliki tantangan yang cukup berat dikarenakan adanya Covid – 19, sehingga pelayanan terhambat dan kurang maximal terutama dalam sektorindustri perkapalan yang mengharuskan proses penyandaran kapal melalui beberapa prosedur protokol kesehatan. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membahas dan menganalisa tentang masalah yang muncul terkait dengan pelaksanaan penyandaran kapal oleh agen perkapalan dimasa New Normal, dan bagaimana solusi yang diberikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan konsep data informasi; kualitas informasi dan nilai informasi.Konsep data informasi adalah data yang diolah menjadi bentuk yang berguna bagi pemakainya.Dari hasil analisa diperoleh bahwa untuk lebih mengefisiensikan waktu sandar, maka para perusahaan pelayaran harus menerapkan kebijakan baru yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Perhubungan Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Kelas 1 Tanjung Emas melalui Surat Edaran Nomor UM. 001/09/19/KSOP.Tjng. Emas-2020 Tentang Penetapan Area Karantina Di Dermaga,  memberikan panduan dan penerapan protokol kesesehata kepada kapal yang akan sandar dalam aspek kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi dan penanggulangan penyebaran virus corona di wilayah Tanjung Emas Semarang di era new normal.
IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS 'SELF-CONFIDENCE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC THROUGH THE CONCRETE-PICTORIAL-ABSTRACT (CPA) APPROACH IN ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Putri Hafiziani Eka , Suwangsih Erna , Rahayu Puji , Afita Luthfi Aulia Nur , Dewi Ni Kadek Yustika Adnyani , Yuliyanto Aan
Published: March 2021

Covid-19 changes human habits, especially the learning process. Teaching and learning activities that are usually carried out offline now must be online. The research was motivated by the students' assumptions about mathematics which were considered difficult. Students feel overwhelmed when studying mathematics. When faced with math problems, students often don't have the confidence to solve it. The purpose of this study is to determine the increase in self-confidence of students who get online learning using the CPA approach during the Covid-19 pandemic, both in terms of overall, and Initial Mathematical Ability (IMA). This research is a quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group design on Mathematics subjects on the topic of data collection and presentation in fifth-grade elementary schools. The sample consisted of 56 students at one of the elementary schools in Central Jakarta, Indonesia The research instrument used a self-confidence attitude scale given at the beginning before and after the treatment ended. The learning process is carried out online through the Whatsapp Group, Youtube, and Google Form. The research findings showed that online learning using the CPA approach can increase students' self-confidence better than conventional learning, both as a whole, and IMA. Thus, the CPA approach can be used as an alternative to increasing student self-confidence during the Covid-19 pandemic
Regional Differentiation of the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation by the Level of Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Olga Zolotareva
Published: March 2021

This article presents the results of a cluster analysis of the regions of the Russian Federation in terms of the main parameters of socio-economic. The major objective of the article is to develop a method for the division of the Russian regions into clusters in order to improve the quality of the policymaking process. The authors studied and analyzed the domestic and foreign (Eurostat) methodology for assessing the socio-economic development of territories. The major results of the study are the determination of the main parameters of territorial differentiation and identification of the key indicators that affect the socio-economic development of Russian regions. The authors have carried out a classification of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation not in terms of territorial location and geographical features, but in terms of the specifics and key parameters of the socio-economic situation into 4 clusters. The results of the cluster analysis allow specifying specific areas, where state control and interference is needed in order to ease the economic and social inequity in Russia and cease social unrest.
Exploring Value Propositions to Drive Self-Sovereign Identity Adoption
Authors: Lockwood Mick
Published: March 2021

This paper presents research exploring the balancing of interactive friction and value proposition in the context of Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) technology adoption. This work extends a related investigation of a full agency engagement with a User-Centred Data Ecosystem utilising what is described as a Sovereign Boundary Mechanism (SBM). An SBM is a standardised collection of SSI interactions, which can collectively be described as a metaphorical ring of sovereignty between the participant and the wider network. Within this model participants control identity, relationships, credentials, data streams, and access control. This related work concludes that the developing trend poses significant interactive friction, and that clear and substantive value proposition would be required to drive and sustain participant adoption. This paper explores potential value propositions for SSI, considering theory relating to Privacy, Surveillance Capitalism, and Human Data Interaction; in parallel opinions are drawn from the thematic analysis of interviews with experts in the decentralised field and results from a public survey. This research concludes that the value proposition is unlikely to come from the direct perceived protection of privacy. Also, that the decentralised technologies cannot be marketed solely on the fact that it is decentralised. Instead, value will emerge from the capability of SSI functionality to supersede the centralised model, offering innovation and reduced transactional friction across individual, business and wider society. This research suggests that the SSI community needs to develop a cohesive design strategy, a clear narrative and vocabulary. Value needs to be defined across cultural context, while targeting accessible, high value niche opportunities to build momentum toward sustainable adoption.
Immune-Related Long Non-coding RNA Signature and Clinical Nomogram to Evaluate Survival of Patients Suffering Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Ting , Ma Zhifeng , Wang Haiyong , Wei Desheng , Wang Bin , Zhang Chu , Fu Linhai , Li Zhupeng , Yu Guangmao
Published: March 2021

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) turns out to be one of the most prevalent cancer types, leading to a relatively high mortality among worldwide sufferers. In this study, gene microarray data of ESCC patients were obtained from the GEO database, with the samples involved divided into a training set and a validation set. Based on the immune-related differential long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) we identified, a prognostic eight-lncRNA-based risk signature was constructed following regression analyses. Then, the predictive capacity of the model was evaluated in the training set and validation set using survival curves and receiver operation characteristic curves. In addition, univariate and multivariate regression analyses based on clinical information and the model-based risk score also demonstrated the ability of the risk score in independently determining the prognosis of patients. Besides, based on the CIBERSORT tool, the abundance of immune infiltrates in tumor samples was scored, and a significant difference was presented between the high- and low- risk groups. Correlation analysis with immune checkpoints (PD1, PDL1, and CTLA4) indicated that the eight-lncRNA signature–based risk score was negatively correlated with PD1 expression, suggesting that the eight-lncRNA signature may have an effect in immunotherapy for ESCC. Finally, GO annotation was performed for the differential mRNAs that were co-expressed with the eight lncRNAs, and it was uncovered that they were remarkably enriched in immune-related biological functions. These results suggested that the eight-lncRNA signature–based risk model could be employed as an independent biomarker for ESCC prognosis and might play a part in evaluating the response of ESCC to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade.
High-Frame Rate Vector Flow Imaging Technique: Initial Application in Evaluating the Hemodynamic Changes of Carotid Stenosis Caused by Atherosclerosis
Authors: Qiu Yijie , Dong Yi , Mao Feng , Zhang Qi , Yang Daohui , Chen Kailing , Shi Shuainan , Zuo Dan , Tian Xiaofan , Yu Lingyun , Wang Wen-Ping
Published: March 2021

Objective: To investigate the value of high-frame rate vector flow imaging technique (V flow) in evaluating the hemodynamic changes of carotid stenosis caused by atherosclerotic plaques.

Methods and Materials: In this prospective study, patients with stenosis rate (diameter) ≥30% caused by carotid atherosclerotic plaques were included. Degrees of carotid stenosis were graded according to North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial criteria: moderate (30–69%) or severe (70–99%). Mindray Resona 7s ultrasound machine with a linear array transducer (3–11 MHz) was used for ultrasound examinations. The mean WSS value of carotid arteries was measured at the proximal, narrowest region and distal of carotid stenosis. The mean WSS values were correlated with peak systolic velocity (PSV) measured by color Doppler flow imaging and stenosis degree detected by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The vector arrows and flow streamline detected by V flow dynamic imaging were analyzed. Imaging findings of DSA in carotid arteries were used as the gold standard.

Results: Finally, 51 patients were included. V flow measurements were performed successfully in 17 patients (100%) with moderate-grade stenosis and in 30 patients (88.2%) with severe-grade stenosis. Dynamic V flow imaging showed yellow or red vectors at the stenotic segment, indicating fast speed blood flow (up to 260.92 cm/s). Changes of streamlines were detected in the stenotic segment. The mean WSS value measured at the narrowest region of the carotid artery had a moderately positive correlation with stenosis degree (r = 0.58, P < 0.05) and PSV value (r = 0.54, P < 0.05), respectively. Significant difference was detected in mean WSS value at the narrowest region of the carotid artery between severe carotid stenosis (1.47 ± 0.97 Pa) and moderate carotid stenosis (0.96 ± 0.44 Pa) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The hemodynamic changes detected by V flow of the carotid stenosis might be a potential non-invasive imaging tool for assessing the degree of carotid stenosis.
Partitioning the Right Ventricle Into 15 Segments and Decomposing Its Motion Using 3D Echocardiography-Based Models: The Updated ReVISION Method
Authors: Tokodi Márton , Staub Levente , Budai Ádám , Lakatos Bálint Károly , Csákvári Máté , Suhai Ferenc Imre , Szabó Liliána , Fábián Alexandra , Vágó Hajnalka , Tősér Zoltán , Merkely Béla , Kovács Attila
Published: March 2021

Three main mechanisms contribute to global right ventricular (RV) function: longitudinal shortening, radial displacement of the RV free wall (bellows effect), and anteroposterior shortening (as a consequence of left ventricular contraction). Since the importance of these mechanisms may vary in different cardiac conditions, a technology being able to assess their relative influence on the global RV pump function could help to clarify the pathophysiology and the mechanical adaptation of the chamber. Previously, we have introduced our 3D echocardiography (3DE)-based solution—the Right VentrIcular Separate wall motIon quantificatiON (ReVISION) method—for the quantification of the relative contribution of the three aforementioned mechanisms to global RV ejection fraction (EF). Since then, our approach has been applied in several clinical scenarios, and its strengths have been demonstrated in the in-depth characterization of RV mechanical pattern and the prognostication of patients even in the face of maintained RV EF. Recently, various new features have been implemented in our software solution to enable the convenient, standardized, and more comprehensive analysis of RV function. Accordingly, in our current technical paper, we aim to provide a detailed description of the latest version of the ReVISION method with special regards to the volumetric partitioning of the RV and the calculation of longitudinal, circumferential, and area strains using 3DE datasets. We also report the results of the comparison between 3DE- and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-derived RV parameters, where we found a robust agreement in our advanced 3D metrics between the two modalities. In conclusion, the ReVISION method may provide novel insights into global and also segmental RV function by defining parameters that are potentially more sensitive and predictive compared to conventional echocardiographic measurements in the context of different cardiac diseases.
The Interplay Between Adipose Tissue and Vasculature: Role of Oxidative Stress in Obesity
Authors: Zhou Yawen , Li Huige , Xia Ning
Published: March 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) rank the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Obesity and its related metabolic syndrome are well-established risk factors for CVDs. Therefore, understanding the pathophysiological role of adipose tissues is of great importance in maintaining cardiovascular health. Oxidative stress, characterized by excessive formation of reactive oxygen species, is a common cellular stress shared by obesity and CVDs. While plenty of literatures have illustrated the vascular oxidative stress, very few have discussed the impact of oxidative stress in adipose tissues. Adipose tissues can communicate with vascular systems, in an endocrine and paracrine manner, through secreting several adipocytokines, which is largely dysregulated in obesity. The aim of this review is to summarize current understanding of the relationship between oxidative stress in obesity and vascular endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we briefly describe the possible causes of oxidative stress in obesity, and the impact of obesity-induced oxidative stress on adipose tissue function. We also summarize the crosstalk between adipose tissue and vasculature mediated by adipocytokines in vascular oxidative stress. In addition, we highlight the potential target mediating adipose tissue oxidative stress.
Multiband Wavelet Age Modeling for a ∼293 m (∼600 kyr) Sediment Core From Chew Bahir Basin, Southern Ethiopian Rift
Authors: Duesing Walter , Berner Nadine , Deino Alan L. , Foerster Verena , Kraemer K. Hauke , Marwan Norbert , Trauth Martin H.
Published: March 2021

The use of cyclostratigraphy to reconstruct the timing of deposition of lacustrine deposits requires sophisticated tuning techniques that can accommodate continuous long-term changes in sedimentation rates. However, most tuning methods use stationary filters that are unable to take into account such long-term variations in accumulation rates. To overcome this problem we present herein a new multiband wavelet age modeling (MUBAWA) technique that is particularly suitable for such situations and demonstrate its use on a 293 m composite core from the Chew Bahir basin, southern Ethiopian rift. In contrast to traditional tuning methods, which use a single, defined bandpass filter, the new method uses an adaptive bandpass filter that adapts to changes in continuous spatial frequency evolution paths in a wavelet power spectrum, within which the wavelength varies considerably along the length of the core due to continuous changes in long-term sedimentation rates. We first applied the MUBAWA technique to a synthetic data set before then using it to establish an age model for the approximately 293 m long composite core from the Chew Bahir basin. For this we used the 2nd principal component of color reflectance values from the sediment, which showed distinct cycles with wavelengths of 10–15 and of ∼40 m that were probably a result of the influence of orbital cycles. We used six independent 40Ar/39Ar ages from volcanic ash layers within the core to determine an approximate spatial frequency range for the orbital signal. Our results demonstrate that the new wavelet-based age modeling technique can significantly increase the accuracy of tuned age models.
Physiological and Immunological Causes of the Susceptibility of Chronic Inflammatory Patients to COVID-19 Infection: Focus on Diabetes
Authors: Rahmani-Kukia Nasim , Abbasi Ardeshir
Published: March 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has recently emerged, which was then spread rapidly in more than 190 countries worldwide so far. According to the World Health Organization, 3,232,062 global cases of COVID-19 were confirmed on April 30th with a mortality rate of 3.4%. Notably, the symptoms are almost similar to those of flu such as fever, cough, and fatigue. Unfortunately, the global rates of morbidity and mortality caused by this disease are more and still increasing on a daily basis. The rates for patients suffering from inflammatory diseases like diabetes, is even further, due to their susceptibility to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In this review, we attempted to focus on diabetes to clarify the physiological and immunological characteristics of diabetics before and after the infection with COVID-19. We hope these conceptions could provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in COVID-19 susceptibility and increase the awareness of risk to motivate behavior changes in vulnerable people for enhancing the prevention. Up to now, the important role of immune responses, especially the innate ones, in the development of the worst signs in COVID-19 infection have been confirmed. Therefore, to better control patients with COVID-19, it is recommended to consider a history of chronic inflammatory diseases as well as the way of controlling immune response in these patients.
The Roles of Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of Liver Diseases
Authors: Tang Jiaojiao , Yan Zijun , Feng Qiyu , Yu Lexing , Wang Hongyang
Published: March 2021

Neutrophils are the largest population of circulating leukocytes and the first responder against invading pathogens or other danger signals. Sophisticated machineries help them play critical roles in immunity and inflammation, including phagocytosis, superoxide production, cytokine and chemokine production, degranulation, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). After maturation and release from the bone marrow, neutrophils migrate to inflamed tissues in response to many stimuli. Increasing evidences indicate that neutrophils are critically involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases, including liver cancer, thus making them promising target for the treatment of liver diseases. Here, we would like to provide the latest finding about the role of neutrophils in liver diseases and discuss the potentiality of neutrophils as target for liver diseases.
Vascular Macrophages as Therapeutic Targets to Treat Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Muhammad Sajjad , Chaudhry Shafqat Rasul , Dobreva Gergana , Lawton Michael T. , Niemelä Mika , Hänggi Daniel
Published: March 2021

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a highly fatal and morbid type of hemorrhagic strokes. Intracranial aneurysms (ICAs) rupture cause subarachnoid hemorrhage. ICAs formation, growth and rupture involves cellular and molecular inflammation. Macrophages orchestrate inflammation in the wall of ICAs. Macrophages generally polarize either into classical inflammatory (M1) or alternatively-activated anti-inflammatory (M2)-phenotype. Macrophage infiltration and polarization toward M1-phenotype increases the risk of aneurysm rupture. Strategies that deplete, inhibit infiltration, ameliorate macrophage inflammation or polarize to M2-type protect against ICAs rupture. However, clinical translational data is still lacking. This review summarizes the contribution of macrophage led inflammation in the aneurysm wall and discuss pharmacological strategies to modulate the macrophageal response during ICAs formation and rupture.
Recent Developments in Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hwang Joel Jihwan , Rim Yeri Alice , Nam Yoojun , Ju Ji Hyeon
Published: March 2021

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies have been used as cell-based treatments for decades, owing to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and regenerative properties. With high expectations, many ongoing clinical trials are investigating the safety and efficacy of MSC therapies to treat arthritic diseases. Studies on osteoarthritis (OA) have shown positive clinical outcomes, with improved joint function, pain level, and quality of life. In addition, few clinical MSC trials conducted on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have also displayed some optimistic outlook. The largely positive outcomes in clinical trials without severe side effects establish MSCs as promising tools for arthritis treatment. However, further research is required to investigate its applicability in clinical settings. This review discusses the most recent advances in clinical studies on MSC therapies for OA and RA.
Changes in the Distribution of Intrauterine Microbiota May Attribute to Immune Imbalance in the CBA/J×DBA/2 Abortion-Prone Mice Model
Authors: Bai Shiyu , Huang Bingqian , Fu Shuai , Zhu Menglan , Hu Lihao , Zhu Liqiong , Chen Manqi , Zhang Zicheng , Tan Jianping , Zhang Jianping , Chen Hui
Published: March 2021

Background: Female Genital Tract (FGT) is an important micro-ecological area of human body. Microbiota in the lower reproductive tract may subsequently invade the uterine cavity during embryo implantation and produce immune responses. CBA/J×DBA/2 mating combination has been widely used as an abortion-prone mice model but whether microbiota existed in their uterine cavity remains unclear. In this context, the role of the microbial communities in immune response deserves attention.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the distribution of microbiota in the uterine cavity of CBA/J×DBA/2 abortion-prone mouse model and the immune imbalance of the maternal-fetal interface.

Methods: In this study, female CBA/J mice were paired with male DBA/2 mice to develop an abortion-prone model (BA group), and with male BALB/c mice to build a standard pregnancy model (BC group). The non-pregnant female mice were served as the control group (C group). Uterine flushing fluid and sera were collected on day 13.5 of pregnancy. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the distribution of intrauterine microbiota. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities were conducted to predict the microbiota functions by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUST) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The serum IL 10, INF-γ, and TNF-α levels were examined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.

Results: All samples were detected with microbial communities. The α diversity (p = 0.00077) had significant differences among three groups. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum in C group (mean = 83.21%) and BA group (mean = 43.23%). Firmicutes was dominant in BC group (mean = 46.4%), as well as the second dominant one in C group (mean = 12.63%) and BA group (mean = 40.55%). Microbiota functions were associated with metabolism and immune response through the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. The serum IL 10 level in BA group were significantly lower than that in BC group (10.14 ± 1.90 pg/ml, n = 8; vs. 19.03 ± 1.82 pg/ml, n = 10; p = 0.004). The serum TNF-α and INF-γ level in BA group were also significantly higher than that in BC group (523.1 ± 58.14 pg/ml, n = 8 vs. 310.3 ± 28.51 pg/ml, n = 10, p = 0.0029; 69.22 ± 5.38 pg/ml, n = 8 vs. 50.85 ± 2.45 pg/ml, n = 10, p = 0.0042).

Conclusion: Microbial communities were colonized in uterine cavity of CBA/J mice both at non-pregnant stage and pregnant stage when mated with both BALB/c and DBA/2 male mice. The differentially abundant microbiome may be attributed to the immune tolerance through binding to the NOD-like receptor.