bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between social cognition and premorbid adjustment in psychosis: a systematic review
Authors: Punsoda-Puche P. , Barajas A. , Mamano-Grande M. , Jiménez-Lafuente A. , Ochoa S.
Published: March 2024

This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the association between premorbid adjustment and social cognition in people with psychotic spectrum disorder. Obtaining evidence of this association will facilitate early detection and intervention before the onset of psychosis. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, PubMed and PsycINFO. Studies were eligible if they included patients with a psychotic disorder or at a high-risk state; social cognition and premorbid adjustment were measured; and the relationship between premorbid adjustment and social cognition was analysed. The authors independently extracted data from all included articles, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, PubMed and PsycINFO. Studies were eligible if they included patients with a psychotic disorder or at a high-risk state; social cognition and premorbid adjustment were measured; and the relationship between premorbid adjustment and social cognition was analysed. The authors independently extracted data from all included articles, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion. Of 229 studies identified, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Different methods of assessment were used to measure premorbid adjustment, such as the Premorbid Adjustment Scale or premorbid IQ, among others. Social cognition was assessed as a global measure or by domains using different instruments. A total of 16 articles found a relationship between social cognition (or its domains) and premorbid adjustment: general social cognition (n = 3); Theory of Mind (n  = 12); Emotional Recognition and Social Knowledge (n  = 1). This review shows evidence of a significant relationship between social cognition and premorbid adjustment, specifically between Theory of Mind and premorbid adjustment. Social cognition deficits may already appear in phases prior to the onset of psychosis, so an early individualized intervention with stimulating experiences in people with poor premorbid adjustment can be relevant for prevention. We recommend some future directions, such as carrying out longitudinal studies with people at high-risk of psychosis, a meta-analysis study, broadening the concept of premorbid adjustment, and a consensual assessment of social cognition and premorbid adjustment variables. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022333886.
Engagnition: A multi-dimensional dataset for engagement recognition of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kim Won , Seong Minwoo , Kim Kyung-Joong , Kim SeungJun
Published: March 2024

Engagement plays a key role in improving the cognitive and motor development of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sensing and recognizing their engagement is crucial before sustaining and improving the engagement. Engaging technologies involving interactive and multi-sensory stimuli have improved engagement and alleviated hyperactive and stereotyped behaviors. However, due to the scarcity of data on engagement recognition for children with ASD, limited access to and small pools of participants, and the prohibitive application requirements such as robots, high cost, and expertise, implementation in real world is challenging. However, serious games have the potential to overcome those drawbacks and are suitable for practical use in the field. This study proposes Engagnition, a dataset for engagement recognition of children with ASD (N = 57) using a serious game, “Defeat the Monster,” based on enhancing recognition and classification skills. The dataset consists of physiological and behavioral responses, annotated by experts. For technical validation, we report the distributions of engagement and intervention, and the signal-to-noise ratio of physiological signals.
Association between daily breakfast habit during pregnancy and neurodevelopment in 3-year-old offspring: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Imaizumi Karin , Murata Tsuyoshi , Isogami Hirotaka , Fukuda Toma , Kyozuka Hyo , Yasuda Shun , Yamaguchi Akiko , Sato Akiko , Ogata Yuka , Shinoki Kosei , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Yasumura Seiji , Hashimoto Koichi , Fujimori Keiya , Nishigori Hidekazu ,   The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group, Kamijima Michihiro , Yamazaki Shin , Ohya Yukihiro , Kishi Reiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Mori Chisato , Ito Shuichi , Yamagata Zentaro , Inadera Hidekuni , Nakayama Takeo , Sobue Tomotaka , Shima Masayuki , Nakamura Hiroshige , Suganuma Narufumi , Kusuhara Koichi , Katoh Takahiko
Published: March 2024

The association between daily breakfast habits during pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment remains unknown. We evaluated the association between breakfast habits during pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment. Data of 72,260 women with singleton deliveries at and after 37 weeks of gestation enrolled during 2011–2014 in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study were analysed. Offspring neurodevelopmental delays at 3 years of age were evaluated using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3). Participants were stratified by tertiles of maternal daily energy intake (DEI) (Groups 1, 2, and 3:< 1400, 1400–1799, and ≥ 1800 kcal, respectively) during pregnancy and by offspring sex. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for abnormality in communication among participants with daily breakfast consumption habit was 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.80–0.96). A stratified analysis based on total DEI showed no significant differences in the neurodevelopment of Group 1 offspring. The aOR for abnormality in communication was 0.80 (95% confidence interval, 0.68–0.94) in Group 2. The aOR for abnormality in personal–social characteristics was 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.99) in Group 3. Maternal daily breakfast habits are associated with offspring neurodevelopment at 3 years of age, with the association influenced by maternal DEI and offspring sex.
Nondestructive material characterization and component identification in sheet metal processing with electromagnetic methods
Authors: Wolter Bernd , Straß Benjamin , Jacob Kevin , Rauhut Markus , Stephani Thomas , Riemer Matthias , Friedemann Marko
Published: March 2024

Electromagnetic methods for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) are presented, with which sheet metal components can be identified and their material properties can be characterized. The latter is possible with 3MA, the Micromagnetic Multiparametric Microstructure and stress Analyser. This is a combination of several micromagnetic NDE methods that make it possible to analyse the microstructure in a ferromagnetic material and to determine quantitative values of the mechanical material properties or the stress state. In the case of cold forming, the 3MA application for pre-process testing of sheet metal is discussed. Based on the 3MA information, the formability of the sheets can be predicted. To apply 3MA in-line, the influence of the relative speed and the relative distance between the 3MA probe head and the sheet was investigated. In a second study, a spatially resolved eddy current (EC) method was used to create an image of the intrinsic material microstructure of a component for its identification and traceability. It turned out, that these intrinsic fingerprint images can still be recognized even after subsequent plastic deformation or coating of the surface. This enabled the development of a marker-free traceability method for sheet metal processing. It is based on a low-cost array sensor and a specimen identification using robust and partly redundant features of the fingerprint images processed by machine learning (ML).
Color-switching hydrogels as integrated microfluidic pressure sensors
Authors: Ducloué Lucie , Haque Md. Anamul , Goral Martyna , Ilyas Muhammad , Gong Jian Ping , Lindner Anke
Published: March 2024

Precisely measuring pressure in microfluidic flows is essential for flow control, fluid characterization, and monitoring, but faces specific challenges such as achieving sufficient resolution, non-invasiveness, or ease of use. Here, we demonstrate a fully integrated multiplexed optofluidic pressure sensor, entirely decoupled from the flow path, that enables local pressure measurements along any microfluidic channel without altering its flow geometry. The sensor itself relies on the compression of a soft mechano-actuated hydrogel, changing color in response to a pressure change. The hydrogel is separated from the fluid circulating in the channel by a thin membrane, allowing for the unrestricted use of different types of fluids. Imaging the gel through the transparent PDMS with a color camera provides a direct, easy, and contact-free determination of the fluid pressure at the sensing location for pressures as small as 20mbar with a resolution of around 10mbar. The sensitivity and accessible pressure range can be tuned via the mechanical properties of the sensing unit. The photonic gel can also be used to acquire 2D pressure or deformation maps, taking advantage of the fast response time and fine spatial resolution.
Advancing mortality rate prediction in European population clusters: integrating deep learning and multiscale analysis
Authors: Shen Yuewen , Yang Xinhao , Liu Hao , Li Ze
Published: March 2024

Accurately predicting population mortality rates is crucial for effective retirement insurance and economic policy formulation. Recent advancements in deep learning time series forecasting (DLTSF) have led to improved mortality rate predictions compared to traditional models like Lee-Carter (LC). This study focuses on mortality rate prediction in large clusters across Europe. By utilizing PCA dimensionality reduction and statistical clustering techniques, we integrate age features from high-dimensional mortality data of multiple countries, analyzing their similarities and differences. To capture the heterogeneous characteristics, an adaptive adjustment matrix is generated, incorporating sequential variation and spatial geographical information. Additionally, a combination of graph neural networks and a transformer network with an adaptive adjustment matrix is employed to capture the spatiotemporal features between different clusters. Extensive numerical experiments using data from the Human Mortality Database validate the superiority of the proposed GT-A model over traditional LC models and other classic neural networks in terms of prediction accuracy. Consequently, the GT-A model serves as a powerful forecasting tool for global population studies and the international life insurance field.
A novel hantavirus identified in bats (Carollia perspicillata) in Brazil
Authors: Barbosa dos Santos Mike , Koide Albuquerque Nádia , Patroca da Silva Sandro , Silva da Silva Fábio , Damous Dias Daniel , Brito Mendes Samira , Fernandes Souza Barbosa Coelho Taciana , Barros Maria Claudene , Ribeiro Cruz Ana Cecília
Published: March 2024

Bats play an essential role in maintaining ecosystems. Their unique characteristics increase the likelihood of interactions with various species, making them a potential source for the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. Hantaviruses are continuously expanding their range of hosts. This study presents the identification of a partial genome associated with Hantavirus in samples collected from neotropical bats. We conducted a metagenomic study using samples from Carollia perspicillata in Maranhão, Brazil. Tissue fragments were used for RNA extraction and subsequent sequencing. The resulting data was subjected to bioinformatic analysis. A sequence showing an identity of 72.86% with the L gene in the reference genome was obtained. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the study sequence, denoted as Buritiense, clustering within the Mobatvirus clade. The intragroup analysis showed a broader dispersion and were markedly asymmetric. This observation suggests the possibility that Buritiense could potentially represent a new species within the bat-borne hantaviruses, but further analyses are needed to provide additional insights if bats plays a role as reservoirs and the potential for transmission to human populations.
Terahertz time-domain imaging for the examination of gilded wooden artifacts
Authors: Reyes-Reyes Edgar Santiago , Carriles-Jaimes Ramón , D’Angelo Emanuele , Nazir Saad , Koch-Dandolo Corinna Ludovica , Kuester Falko , Jepsen Peter Uhd , Castro-Camus Enrique
Published: March 2024

Terahertz imaging is unlocking unique capabilities for the analysis of cultural heritage artifacts. This paper uses terahertz time-domain imaging for the study of a gilded wooden artifact, providing a means to perform stratigraphic analysis, yielding information about the composition of the artifact, presence of certain materials identifiable through their THz spectral fingerprint, as well as alterations that have been performed over time. Due to the limited information that is available for many historic artifacts, the data that can be obtained through the presented technique can guide proper stewardship of the artifact, informing its long-term preservation.
Leaf traits of prickly ash and its correlation with ecological and geographical factors of origin
Authors: Dong Xixi , Shi Lin , Bao Shuqin , Fu Hao , You Yuming , Ren Yun , Wang Jichun , Li Qiang , Chen Zexiong
Published: March 2024

The morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of leaves result from the long-term adaptation of plants to their environment and are closely related to plant growth and development. In this study, 37 prickly ash germplasm resources from 18 production areas were utilized as the subjects of research. Logistic equations, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis were employed to comprehensively evaluate the leaf traits of prickly ash germplasm resources, with an analysis of their correlation with ecological and geographical factors in the production areas. The results showed that the leaf traits of prickly ash germplasms of different origins are substantially different and diverse. The coefficient of variation for the 14 leaf traits was greater than 10%. The coefficient of variation of the compound leaflet number was the highest among all the considered leaf traits, and the coefficient of variation of leaf thickness was the lowest, at 49.86% and 11.37%, respectively. The leaf traits of the prickly ash germplasm originating from Chongqing in Yongchuan, Chongqing in Rongchang, and Yunnan in Honghe ranked highest, whereas the leaf traits of the prickly ash germplasm from Henan in Jiaozuo, Gansu in Tianshui, and Shanxi in Yuncheng ranked lowest. The results of the correlation analysis showed that among the ecological and geographical factors of the origins, latitude had the strongest correlation with the leaf traits of the prickly ash germplasm. As latitude increased, the leaves of prickly ash gradually decreased in size, weight, and leaf shape index. The factor with the second strongest correlation was temperature. The leaves of the prickly ash germplasm originating from warmer climate areas were larger and heavier than those from areas with colder climates. Altitude and longitude did not significantly affect the leaf traits of the prickly ash germplasm, but at similar latitudes, the leaves of the prickly ash germplasm in high-altitude areas were smaller, and the leaves of the prickly ash germplasm in low-altitude areas were larger. These findings can provide valuable references for breeding and the sustainable utilization of new varieties of prickly ash resources.
3D SHINKEI MR neurography in evaluation of traumatic brachial plexus
Authors: Zhang Yizhe , Li Xiaona , Liu Ying , Sun Yingcai , Duan Luyao , Zhang Yingshuai , Shi Ruiqing , Yu Xiaoman , Peng Zhigang
Published: March 2024

3D SHINKEI neurography is a new sequence for imaging the peripheral nerves. The study aims at assessing traumatic brachial plexus injury using this sequence. Fifty-eight patients with suspected trauma induced brachial plexus injury underwent MR neurography (MRN) imaging in 3D SHINKEI sequence at 3 T. Surgery and intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials or clinical follow-up results were used as the reference standard. MRN, surgery and electromyography (EMG) findings were recorded at four levels of the brachial plexus-roots, trunks, cords and branches. Fifty-eight patients had pre- or postganglionic injury. The C5–C6 nerve postganglionic segment was the most common (average 42%) among the postganglionic injuries detected by 3D SHINKEI MRN. The diagnostic accuracy (83.75%) and the specificity (90.30%) of MRN higher than that of EMG (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the diagnostic sensitivity of MRN compared with EMG (p > 0.05). Eighteen patients with brachial plexus injury underwent surgical exploration after MRN examination and the correlation between MRN and surgery was 66.7%. Due to the high diagnostic accuracy and specificity, 3D SHINKEI MRN can comprehensively display the traumatic brachial plexus injury. This sequence has great potential in the accurate diagnosis of traumatic brachial plexus injury.
Clinical report of microsurgical treatment of Kohler's disease
Authors: Pei Yantao , Zhu Lei , Xu Qingjia , Wang Juntao , Sun Yuliang , Wang Gang
Published: March 2024

The conservative treatment for Kohler's disease will take several months, but some patients still have flatfoot and persistent pain. From October 2013 to July 2015, 3 children with Kohler's disease underwent navicular decompression and micro-circulation reconstruction surgery in our hospital. All the patients have received conservative treatment for more than 3 months and the effect was poor. X-ray showed the bone density of navicular increased significantly. All patients were followed up over 1 year. The 3 patients recovered well. VAS score decreased from 7.0 to 2.6 at 1 month after the operation. The pain symptom disappeared completely on 3 months after surgery. The density of navicular bone recovered to normal. Navicular decompression and micro-circulation reconstruction surgery may quickly improve the ischemic status of navicular bone, alleviate pain symptom and enable patients to resume normal activity as soon as possible.
Indigenous data governance approaches applied in research using routinely collected health data: a scoping review
Authors: Engstrom Teyl , Lobo Elton H. , Watego Kristie , Nelson Carmel , Wang Jinxiang , Wong Howard , Kim Sungkyung Linda , Oh Soo In , Lawley Michael , Gorse Alain-Dominique , Ward James , Sullivan Clair
Published: March 2024

Globally, there is a growing acknowledgment of Indigenous Peoples’ rights to control data related to their communities. This is seen in the development of Indigenous Data Governance standards. As health data collection increases, it’s crucial to apply these standards in research involving Indigenous communities. Our study, therefore, aims to systematically review research using routinely collected health data of Indigenous Peoples, understanding the Indigenous Data Governance approaches and the associated advantages and challenges. We searched electronic databases for studies from 2013 to 2022, resulting in 85 selected articles. Of these, 65 (77%) involved Indigenous Peoples in the research, and 60 (71%) were authored by Indigenous individuals or organisations. While most studies (93%) provided ethical approval details, only 18 (21%) described Indigenous guiding principles, 35 (41%) reported on data sovereignty, and 28 (33%) addressed consent. This highlights the increasing focus on Indigenous Data Governance in utilising health data. Leveraging existing data sources in line with Indigenous data governance principles is vital for better understanding Indigenous health outcomes.
Linking diet switching to reproductive performance across populations of two critically endangered mammalian herbivores
Authors: Harvey Sky Nick , Britnell Jake , Antwis Rachael , Kartzinel Tyler , Rubenstein Daniel , Toye Phil , Karani Benedict , Njeru Regina , Hinchcliffe Danielle , Gaymer Jamie , Mutisya Samuel , Shultz Susanne
Published: March 2024

Optimal foraging theory predicts that animals maximise energy intake by consuming the most valuable foods available. When resources are limited, they may include lower-quality fallback foods in their diets. As seasonal herbivore diet switching is understudied, we evaluate its extent and effects across three Kenyan reserves each for Critically Endangered eastern black rhino (Diceros bicornis michaeli) and Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi), and its associations with habitat quality, microbiome variation, and reproductive performance. Black rhino diet breadth increases with vegetation productivity (NDVI), whereas zebra diet breadth peaks at intermediate NDVI. Black rhino diets associated with higher vegetation productivity have less acacia (Fabaceae: Vachellia and Senegalia spp.) and more grass suggesting that acacia are fallback foods, upending conventional assumptions. Larger dietary shifts are associated with longer calving intervals. Grevy’s zebra diets in high rainfall areas are consistently grass-dominated, whereas in arid areas they primarily consume legumes during low vegetation productivity periods. Whilst microbiome composition between individuals is affected by the environment, and diet composition in black rhino, seasonal dietary shifts do not drive commensurate microbiome shifts. Documenting diet shifts across ecological gradients can increase the effectiveness of conservation by informing habitat suitability models and improving understanding of responses to resource limitation.
Three-dimensional space and time mapping reveals soil organic matter decreases across anthropogenic landscapes in the Netherlands
Authors: Helfenstein Anatol , Mulder Vera L. , Heuvelink Gerard B. M. , Hack-ten Broeke Mirjam J. D.
Published: March 2024

For restoring soil health and mitigating climate change, information of soil organic matter is needed across space, depth and time. Here we developed a statistical modelling platform in three-dimensional space and time as a new paradigm for soil organic matter monitoring. Based on 869 094 soil organic matter observations from 339,231 point locations and the novel use of environmental covariates variable in three-dimensional space and time, we predicted soil organic matter and its uncertainty annually at 25 m resolution between 0–2 m depth from 1953–2022 in the Netherlands. We predicted soil organic matter decreases of more than 25% in peatlands and 0.1–0.3% in cropland mineral soils, but increases between 10–25% on reclaimed land due to land subsidence. Our analysis quantifies the substantial variations of soil organic matter in space, depth, and time, highlighting the inadequacy of evaluating soil organic matter dynamics at point scale or static mapping at a single depth for policymaking.
Climate and land use changes explain variation in the A horizon and soil thickness in the United States
Authors: Zhang Yakun , Hartemink Alfred E. , Vanwalleghem Tom , Bonfatti Benito Roberto , Moen Steven
Published: March 2024

Understanding spatio-temporal changes in soil thickness and their natural and anthropogenic driving factors are essential for earth system modeling and natural resource conservation. It remains challenging to accurately quantify the spatial pattern of soil thickness, and there is no assessment of its temporal changes at the national scale across eco-climatic zones. Here we compiled a long-term (1950–2018), large-scale (conterminous United States of America) topsoil (A horizon,n = 37,712) and solum (22,409) thickness data to quantify their spatial and temporal variations using generalized additive models and selected chronosequences in land resource regions. Climate was found associated with the spatial distribution of soil thickness, and land use and erosion associated with its temporal variation. The A horizon and solum thickness displayed strong longitudinal patterns, correlated with soil moisture and temperature, respectively. Temporal changes in the thickness varied across land resource regions, affected by topography, land use, and erosion. Severe A horizon loss primarily occurred in Mollisols of the Central Great Plains, Alfisols on steep slopes, and soils under cropping. These findings enhanced our fundamental understanding of soil formation and biogeochemical cycles during the Anthropocene across scales and identified regions for conservation practices to reduce further topsoil loss.
Autoantibodies to ACE2 and immune molecules are associated with COVID-19 disease severity
Authors: Geanes Eric S. , McLennan Rebecca , LeMaster Cas , Bradley Todd
Published: March 2024

Background

Increased inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and long-term disease manifestations. The mechanisms of this variable long-term immune activation are poorly defined. One feature of this increased inflammation is elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Autoantibodies targeting immune factors such as cytokines, as well as the viral host cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), have been observed after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Autoantibodies to immune factors and ACE2 could interfere with normal immune regulation and lead to increased inflammation, severe COVID-19, and long-term complications.

Methods

Here, we deeply profiled the features of ACE2, cytokine, and chemokine autoantibodies in samples from patients recovering from severe COVID-19. We measured the levels of immunoglobulin subclasses (IgG, IgA, IgM) in the peripheral blood against ACE2 and 23 cytokines and other immune molecules. We then utilized an ACE2 peptide microarray to map the linear epitopes targeted by ACE2 autoantibodies.

Results

We demonstrate that ACE2 autoantibody levels are increased in individuals with severe COVID-19 compared with those with mild infection or no prior infection. We identify epitopes near the catalytic domain of ACE2 targeted by these antibodies. Levels of autoantibodies targeting ACE2 and other immune factors could serve as determinants of COVID-19 disease severity, and represent a natural immunoregulatory mechanism in response to viral infection.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection can increase autoantibody levels to ACE2 and other immune factors. The levels of these autoantibodies are associated with COVID-19 disease severity.
Appropriate glycemic management protects the germline but not the uterine environment in hyperglycemia
Authors: Zhao Allan , Jiang Hong , Palomares Arturo Reyes , Larsson Alice , He Wenteng , Grünler Jacob , Zheng Xiaowei , Rodriguez Wallberg Kenny A , Catrina Sergiu-Bogdan , Deng Qiaolin
Published: March 2024

Emerging evidence indicates that parental diseases can impact the health of subsequent generations through epigenetic inheritance. Recently, it was shown that maternal diabetes alters the metaphase II oocyte transcriptome, causing metabolic dysfunction in offspring. However, type 1 diabetes (T1D) mouse models frequently utilized in previous studies may be subject to several confounding factors due to severe hyperglycemia. This limits clinical translatability given improvements in glycemic control for T1D subjects. Here, we optimize a T1D mouse model to investigate the effects of appropriately managed maternal glycemic levels on oocytes and intrauterine development. We show that diabetic mice with appropriate glycemic control exhibit better long-term health, including maintenance of the oocyte transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. We further show that human oocytes undergoing in vitro maturation challenged with mildly increased levels of glucose, reflecting appropriate glycemic management, also retain their transcriptome. However, fetal growth and placental function are affected in mice despite appropriate glycemic control, suggesting the uterine environment rather than the germline as a pathological factor in developmental programming in appropriately managed diabetes.
Reduction-enhanced water flux through layered graphene oxide (GO) membranes stabilized with H3O+ and OH− ions
Authors: Gogoi Abhijit , Neyts Erik C. , Peeters François M.
Published: March 2024

Water flux of layered graphene oxide (GO) membranes stabilized with H3O+/OH− ions can be enhanced by reducing the constituent GO nanosheets.
Searching low-energy conformers of neutral and protonated di-, tri-, and tetra-glycine using first-principles accuracy assisted by the use of neural network potentials
Authors: Dong Hieu Cao , Hsu Po-Jen , Kuo Jer-Lai
Published: March 2024

Application of neural network potentials accelerate the discovery of low-energy conformers of peptides to understand how the interplay of different interactions lead to their three-dimensional structures.
Characterization of Sm3+-activated carbonated calcium chlorapatite phosphors for theranostic applications: a comparative study of co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods
Authors: Szyszka Katarzyna , Wiglusz Rafal J.
Published: March 2024

The carbonated calcium chlorapatite Ca10(PO4)5(CO3)Cl2 phosphors activated with Sm3+ ions were synthesized by using co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods, and their physicochemical properties were compared.
Time-resolved quantification of key species and mechanistic insights in low-temperature tetrahydrofuran oxidation
Authors: Demireva Maria , Au Kendrew , Hansen Nils , Sheps Leonid
Published: March 2024

Time-resolved photoionization mass spectrometry quantifies key reaction intermediates in tetrahydrofuran oxidation. Comparison with simulations reveals the critical role of competing isomerization and bond scission reactions of ROO, QOOH, and OOQOOH.
Thermodynamics of the Eu(iii)–Mg–SO4–H2O and Eu(iii)–Na–SO4–H2O systems. Part II: spectroscopy experiments, complexation and Pitzer/SIT models
Authors: dos Santos P. F. , Gaona X. , Lassin A. , Skerencak-Frech A. , Fellhauer D. , Altmaier M. , Madé B.
Published: March 2024

Thermodynamic description of complex sulfate systems of relevance for nuclear waste disposal. Pitzer and SIT models including aqueous complexes derived for the Eu(iii)–Mg/Na–SO4–H2O system based on solubility experiments and TRLFS measurements.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding-assisted aggregation induced emission in quinolone–quinazoline conjugates and their potential use in acidochromism
Authors: Ali Irshad , Dwivedi Bhupendra Kumar , Singh Vishwa Deepak , Pandey Daya Shankar
Published: March 2024

We report a series of push-pull type quinolone–quinazoline conjugates (Q1–Q3) exhibiting aggregation-induced emission, solvent polarity/viscosity dependent emissions, and reversible acid/base induced “ON–OFF–ON” type signaling.
Structural, biochemical and bioinformatic analyses of nonribosomal peptide synthetase adenylation domains
Authors: Heard Stephanie C. , Winter Jaclyn M.
Published: March 2024

This review highlights the utility of using adenylation domain structural data, biochemical assays, and computational predictions for prioritizing nonribosomal peptide pathways for natural product discovery.
Phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate) as a sustainable reagent: exploring its significance in organic synthesis
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Arora Aditi , Singh Sunil K. , Kumar Rajesh , Shankar Bhawani , Singh Brajendra K.
Published: March 2024

This research article highlights PIFA's versatility in organic synthesis, emphasizing its role in enabling diverse reactions and promoting its eco-friendly attributes over heavy transition metals.
Thermodynamic driving forces for autoreduction of Cu sites in the zeolite SSZ-13
Authors: Hutton Daniel J. , Lopez David H. , Göltl Florian
Published: March 2024

We use phase diagrams to study the impact of auto-reduction on different Cu sites in the zeolite SSZ-13.
An approach to use machine learning to optimize paper immunoassays for SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies
Authors: Mata Calidonio Josselyn , Hamad-Schifferli Kimberly
Published: March 2024

Optimizing paper immunoassay conditions for diagnostic accuracy is often achieved by tuning running conditions in a trial and error manner. We report the use of machine learning to optimize an assay for SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies.
Synthesis and immunological evaluation of TLR1/2 ligand-conjugated RBDs as self-adjuvanting vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Manabe Yoshiyuki , Gárate-Reyes Brandon , Ito Keita , Hurtado-Guerrero Ramón , Kabayama Kazuya , Fukase Koichi
Published: March 2024

We synthesized and evaluated Pam3CSK4-conjugated receptor binding domain (RBD)/deglycosylated RBD as potential anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine candidates.
Halide-free CO2 cycloaddition onto styrene oxide catalysed by first row transition-metal derivatives of polyoxotungstates
Authors: Ren Jingjing , Proust Anna , Launay Franck , Villanneau Richard
Published: March 2024

Quaternary ammonium salts of [XW11O39M(H2O)]n− metal derivatives of polyoxometalates (X = P, Si; M = Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) were successfully tested as catalysts in the cycloaddition of CO2 to styrene oxide in the absence of halides at moderate temperature (80 °C).
Ion-selective response of visible light photoswitchable indole-hemithioindigo: toward chemical sensing of fluoride and hydroxide
Authors: Zhang Weian , Lu Yi , Cheng Yu , Wang Yifu , Wu Zeying , Zhai Jingying , Xie Xiaojiang
Published: March 2024

A visible light responsive photoswitch promising for the chemical sensing of fluoride and hydroxide anions.
Micro-kinetic modelling of the CO reduction reaction on single atom catalysts accelerated by machine learning
Authors: Zhang Qing-Meng , Wang Zhao-Yu , Zhang Hao , Liu Xiao-Hong , Zhang Wei , Zhao Liu-Bin
Published: March 2024

Density functional theory calculations are combined with machine learning for rapid and high-throughput screening of high performance single-atom catalysts for the CO reduction reaction.
Coincidence mass spectrometry study of double ionization of pyrene by 70 eV electron impact
Authors: van der Burgt Peter J. M. , Gradziel Marcin L.
Published: March 2024

Double ionization results in a number of prominent fragmentations producing two singly-ionized fragments with kinetic energies of up to a few eV.
Solvent-induced dual nucleophiles and the α-effect in the SN2 versus E2 competition
Authors: Wu Xiangyu , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Xie Jing
Published: March 2024

We have quantum chemically investigated how microsolvation affects the various E2 and SN2 pathways, their mutual competition, and the α-effect of the model reaction system HOO−(H2O)n + CH3CH2Cl, at the CCSD(T) level.
Ruthenium-doped cobalt sulphide electrocatalyst derived from a ruthenium–cobalt Prussian blue analogue (RuCo-PBA) for an enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
Authors: Sadangi Manisha , Behera J. N.
Published: March 2024

RuCo-PBA-derived Ru-doped Co9S8 nanosheets, i.e. Co9S8/Ru@48h, serve as excellent electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), requiring only a small overpotential of 94 mV to deliver the benchmark current density of 10 mA cm−2.
Nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a “turn-off” fluorescence probe for mercury(ii) detection and live cell imaging
Authors: Lei Yufei , Li Qi , Li Qian , He Dongxiu , Xue Jinhua , Liao Lifu , Wang Jikai , Xiao Xilin
Published: March 2024

In this paper, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method using gum arabic (GA) and tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl aminomethane (tris) as precursors.
Direct pseudomorphic transformation of silica from rice husk into organo-functionalized MCM-41
Authors: Sennoun Lilia , Lee Chun-Cheng , Fretel Yohan , Clavié Margaux , Subra Gilles , Ladner Yoann , Napoli Alfredo , Galarneau Anne , Hesemann Peter , Mehdi Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Highly ordered bio-sourced MCM-41 functionalized with amide derivatives of amino acids (AA) was successfully synthesized and applied for protein separation.
Solvent-involved synthesis of pyrrolidin-5-one-2-carboxamides via a sequential Ugi/olefination reaction
Authors: Chen Na , Long Tianyu , Kong Han-Han , Wu Zheng-Wei , Yang Qing-Qing , Huang Nianyu , Wang Long
Published: March 2024

An unprecedented multi-component reaction with solvent participation and a novel conversion of sulfur ylides was developed via a Ugi/olefination reaction to construct pyrrolidin-5-one-2-carboxamides.
How does the neuronal proteostasis network react to cellular cues?
Authors: Nam Ki Hong , Ordureau Alban
Published: March 2024

Even though neurons are post-mitotic cells, they still engage in protein synthesis to uphold their cellular content balance, including for organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. Additionally, they expend significant energy on tasks like neurotransmitter production and maintaining redox homeostasis. This cellular homeostasis is upheld through a delicate interplay between mRNA transcription-translation and protein degradative pathways, such as autophagy and proteasome degradation. When faced with cues such as nutrient stress, neurons must adapt by altering their proteome to survive. However, in many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, the pathway and processes for coping with cellular stress are impaired. This review explores neuronal proteome adaptation in response to cellular stress, such as nutrient stress, with a focus on proteins associated with autophagy, stress response pathways, and neurotransmitters.
Cloud‐based video streaming services: Trends, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Kumar Tajinder , Sharma Purushottam , Tanwar Jaswinder , Alsghier Hisham , Bhushan Shashi , Alhumyani Hesham , Sharma Vivek , Alutaibi Ahmed I.
Published: March 2024

Cloud computing has drastically changed the delivery and consumption of live streaming content. The designs, challenges, and possible uses of cloud computing for live streaming are studied. A comprehensive overview of the technical and business issues surrounding cloud‐based live streaming is provided, including the benefits of cloud computing, the various live streaming architectures, and the challenges that live streaming service providers face in delivering high‐quality, real‐time services. The different techniques used to improve the performance of video streaming, such as adaptive bit‐rate streaming, multicast distribution, and edge computing are discussed and the necessity of low‐latency and high‐quality video transmission in cloud‐based live streaming is underlined. Issues such as improving user experience and live streaming service performance using cutting‐edge technology, like artificial intelligence and machine learning are discussed. In addition, the legal and regulatory implications of cloud‐based live streaming, including issues with network neutrality, data privacy, and content moderation are addressed. The future of cloud computing for live streaming is examined in the section that follows, and it looks at the most likely new developments in terms of trends and technology. For technology vendors, live streaming service providers, and regulators, the findings have major policy‐relevant implications. Suggestions on how stakeholders should address these concerns and take advantage of the potential presented by this rapidly evolving sector, as well as insights into the key challenges and opportunities associated with cloud‐based live streaming are provided.
Dynamical complexity in microscale disk-wind systems
Authors: Fiore Fabrizio , Gaspari Massimo , Luminari Alfredo , Tozzi Paolo , de Arcangelis Lucilla
Published: March 2024

Context. Powerful winds at accretion-disk scales have been observed in the past 20 years in many active galactic nuclei (AGN). These are the so-called ultrafast outflows (UFOs). Outflows are intimately related to mass accretion through the conservation of angular momentum, and they are therefore a key ingredient of most accretion disk models around black holes (BHs). At the same time, nuclear winds and outflows can provide the feedback that regulates the joint BH and galaxy growth.

Aims. We reconsidered UFO observations in the framework of disk-wind scenarios, both magnetohydrodynamic disk winds and radiatively driven winds.

Methods. We studied the statistical properties of observed UFOs from the literature and derived the distribution functions of the ratio ω̄ of the mass-outflow and -inflow rates and the ratio λw of the mass-outflow and the Eddington accretion rates. We studied the links between ω̄ and λw and the Eddington ratio λ = Lbol/LEdd. We derived the typical wind-activity history in our sources by assuming that it can be statistically described by population functions.

Results. We find that the distribution functions of ω̄ and λw can be described as power laws above some thresholds, suggesting that there may be many wind subevents for each major wind event in each AGN activity cycle, which is a fractal behavior. We then introduced a simple cellular automaton to investigate how the dynamical properties of an idealized disk-wind system change following the introduction of simple feedback rules. We find that without feedback, the system is overcritical. Conversely, when feedback is present, regardless of whether it is magnetic or radiation driven, the system can be driven toward a self-organized critical state.

Conclusions. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that AGN feedback is a necessary key ingredient in disk-wind systems, and following this, in shaping the coevolution of galaxies and supermassive BHs.
Optical properties of Y dwarfs observed with the Gran Telescopio Canarias
Authors: Martín E. L. , Zhang J.-Y. , Lanchas H. , Lodieu N. , Shahbaz T. , Pavlenko Ya. V.
Published: March 2024

Aims. Our science goals are to characterise the optical properties of Y dwarfs and to study their consistency with theoretical models.

Methods. A sample of five Y dwarfs was observed with three optical and near-infrared instruments at the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias. Deep near-infrared (J- or H-band) and multicolour optical images (ɀ-, i-, r-, 𝑔-, u-bands) of the five targets and a low-resolution far-red optical spectrum for one of the targets were obtained.

Results. One of the Y dwarfs, WISE J173835.53+273258.9 (Y0), was clearly detected in the optical (ɀ- and i-bands) and another, WISE J182831.08+265037.7 (Y2), was detected only in the ɀ-band. We measured the colours of our targets and found that the ɀ − J and i − ɀ colours of the Y dwarfs are bluer than those of mid- and late-T dwarfs. This optical blueing has been predicted by models, but our data indicates that it is sharper and happens at temperatures about 150 K warmer than expected. The culprit is the K I resonance doublet, which weakens more abruptly in the T- to Y-type transition than expected. Moreover, we show that the alkali resonance lines (Cs I and K I) are weaker in Y dwarfs than in T dwarfs; the far-red optical spectrum of WISE J173835.53+273258.9 is similar to that of late-T dwarfs, but with stronger methane and water features; and we noted the appearance of new absorption features that we propose could be due to hydrogen sulphide. Last but not least, in 2014, WISE J173835.53+273258.9 presented a bluer i − ɀ colour than in 2021 by a factor of 2.8 (significance of 2.5σ). Thanks to our deep optical images, we found that the 2014 i-band spectrum was contaminated by a galaxy bluer than the Y dwarf.

Conclusions. The optical properties of Y dwarfs presented here pose new challenges to the modelling of grain sedimentation in extremely cool objects. The weakening of the very broad K I resonance doublet due to condensation in dust grains is more abrupt than theoretically anticipated. Consequently, the observed blueing of the ɀ − J and i − ɀ colours of Y dwarfs with respect to T dwarfs is more pronounced than predicted by models and could boost the potential of upcoming deep large-area optical surveys regarding their ability to detect extremely cool objects.
Characterising galaxy clusters’ completeness function in Planck with hydrodynamical simulations
Authors: Gallo S. , Douspis M. , Soubrié E. , Salvati L.
Published: March 2024

Galaxy cluster number counts are an important probe with which to constrain cosmological parameters. One of the main ingredients of the analysis, along with accurate estimates of cluster masses, is the selection function, and in particular the completeness associated with the cluster sample under consideration. Incorrectly characterising this function can lead to biases in cosmological constraints. In this work, we want to study the completeness of the Planck cluster catalogue, estimating the probability of cluster detection in a realistic setting using hydrodynamical simulations. In particular, we probe the case in which the cluster model assumed in the detection method differs from the shapes and profiles of true galaxy clusters. We created around 9000 images of the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect from galaxy clusters from the IllustrisTNG simulation, and used a Monte Carlo injection method to estimate the completeness function. We studied the impact of having different cluster pressure profiles and complex cluster morphologies on the detection process. We find that the cluster profile has a significant effect on completeness, with clusters with steeper profiles producing a higher completeness than ones with flatter profiles. We also show that cluster morphology has a small impact on completeness, finding that elliptical clusters have a slightly lower probability of detection with respect to spherically symmetric ones. Finally, we investigate the impact of a different completeness function on a cosmological analysis with cluster number counts, showing a shift in the constraints on Ωm and σ8 that lies in the same direction as the shift driven by the mass bias.
The carbon-rich type Ic supernova 2016adj in the iconic dust lane of Centaurus A: Potential signatures of an interaction with circumstellar hydrogen
Authors: Stritzinger M. D. , Baron E. , Taddia F. , Burns C. R. , Fraser M. , Galbany L. , Holmbo S. , Hoeflich P. , Morrell N. , Arndt L. S. , Hsiao E. Y. , Johansson J. P. , Karamehmetoglu E. , Kuncarayakti H. , Lyman J. , Moriya T. J. , Phan K. , Phillips M. M. , Anderson J. P. , Ashall C. , Brown P. J. , Castellón S. , Della Valle M. , González-Gaitán S. , Gromadzki M. , Handberg R. , Lu J. , Nicholl M. , Shahbandeh M.
Published: March 2024

We present a comprehensive data set of supernova (SN) 2016adj located within the central dust lane of Centaurus A. SN 2016adj is significantly reddened and after correcting the peak apparent B-band magnitude (mB = 17.48 ± 0.05) for Milky Way reddening and our inferred host-galaxy reddening parameters (i.e., RVhost = 5.7±0.7 and AVhost = 6.3 ± 0.2 mag), we estimated it reached a peak absolute magnitude of MB ∼ −18. A detailed inspection of the optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic time series reveals a carbon-rich SN Ic and not a SN Ib/IIb as previously suggested in the literature. The NIR spectra show prevalent carbon-monoxide formation occurring already by +41 days past B-band maximum, which is ≈11 days earlier than previously reported in the literature for this object. Interestingly, around two months past maximum, the NIR spectrum of SN 2016adj begins to exhibit H features, with a +97 days medium resolution spectrum revealing both Paschen and Bracket lines with absorption minima of ∼2000 km s−1, full-width-half-maximum emission velocities of ∼1000 km s−1, and emission line ratios consistent with a dense emission region. We speculate that these attributes are due to a circumstellar interaction (CSI) between the rapidly expanding SN ejecta and a H-rich shell of material that formed during the pre-SN phase. A bolometric light curve was constructed and a semi-analytical model fit suggests the SN synthesized 0.5 M⊙ of 56Ni and ejected 4.7 M⊙ of material, though these values should be approached with caution given the large uncertainties associated with the adopted reddening parameters and known light echo emission. Finally, inspection of the Hubble Space Telescope archival data yielded no progenitor detection.