bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ricerca in salute mentale: un decennio di progetti all'IRCSS Fatebenefratelli
Authors: De Girolamo Giovanni , Candini Valentina , Iozzino Laura , Zarbo Cristina
Published: October 2020

In Italia il sistema degli Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) rappresenta, da decenni, il pilastro fondamentale della ricerca condotta all'interno del Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). L'IRCCS Fatebenefratelli di Brescia è l'unico in Italia ad avere come area ufficiale di riconoscimento la psichiatria. L'obiettivo di questo capitolo è di descrivere e discutere le attività di ricerca condotte dall'Unità Operativa di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa (UOPEV) dell'IRCCS Fatebenefratelli in oltre un decennio (2009-2020). Tali attività di ricerca si collocano all'interno di tre grandi aree: la ricerca epidemiologica, la ricerca clinica e la health services research. I progetti relativi alla ricerca epidemiologica presentati riguardano lo studio della prevalenza dei disturbi mentali e da uso di sostanze nella popolazione generale (WMHSI), le caratteristiche dei pazienti trattati nelle strutture residenziali (PERDOVE), i fattori prognostici di esito di pazienti anziani ospedalizzati (PERDOVE-anziani), la prevalenza e l'incidenza dei disturbi depressivi in persone affette da diabete di tipo 2 (INTERPRET-DD), le caratteristiche socio-demografiche, cliniche ed assistenziali di pazienti con una storia grave di violenza (VIORMED ed EU-VIORMED), e l'impiego di dispositivi di telemedicina per la gestione dei pazienti con depressione, sclerosi multipla o epilessia (RADAR-CNS). Tra i progetti di ricerca clinica verranno discussi in particolare un trial sull'impiego della ossitocina intranasale per il trattamento di pazienti con diagnosi di schizofrenia (OXIS), la psicoeducazione per pazienti con disturbo bipolare, e il progetto DIAPASON. Infine, nell'ambito del macro-settore di ricerca dei servizi di salute mentale sarà presentato il progetto MILESTONE. Tale excursus consentirà di intrecciare e discutere criticamente lo stato della pratica clinica e della ricerca in psichiatria, e consentirà di formulare delle proposte su aree di ricerca innovative nel prossimo decennio.
Uno studio di caso di paziente con Disabilità Intellettiva e disturbo Bipolare in contesto residenziale: comportamenti aggressivi, furto, Qualità della Vita e terapia farmacologica. Un intervento Comportamentale e Cognitivo.
Authors: Dai Prà Mirko
Published: October 2020

Il presente lavoro si pone lo scopo di descrivere un intervento diretto ad un paziente con disabilità cognitiva e disturbo Bipolare e la valutazione degli esiti rispetto a: comportamenti di aggressività e furto, terapie farmacologiche assunte e Qualità della Vita. Metodo: È stato utilizzato un intervento integrato con tecniche di tipo Comportamentale e Cognitivo condotto dall'équipe riabilitativa a seguito di valutazione funzionale del caso con modello Comportamentale ABC (Antecedenti Behavior Conseguenze) con un paziente di 41 anni con disabilità cognitiva di tipo moderato e disturbo Bipolare. L'intervento è stato progettato con modelli di condizionamento operante e l'équipe riabilitativa è stata istruita. Al primo intervento è seguito un secondo additivo di token economy volto a rinforzare i comportamenti acquisiti. In fine è stato eseguito un intervento di tipo Cognitivo seguendo i principi della psicoeducazione ed è stato adattato alle capacità di comprensione dell'utente. Gli outcome sono stati il tipo e la quantità di farmaci assunti, il numero di comportamenti aggressivi e di comportamenti di furto, i risultati relativi alla Qualità della Vita percepita. È stato condotto uno studio di caso. Risultati: Sono diminuiti comportamenti di Aggressività e furto, diminuita l'assunzione di Benzodiazepine e di Antipsicotici, diminuita la somministrazione di terapie meccaniche restrittive quali terapia al bisogno Intra Muscolo e isolamento in camera, migliorata la Qualità della Vita nei domini Ruolo e salute Fisica, Salute in Generale, Vitalità, Attività Sociali Ruolo e Stato emotivo. Conclusioni: L'intervento si è dimostrato efficace a livello di decremento di comportamenti problema, diminuzione dei farmaci assunti e di Qualità della Vita percepita. Il lavoro offre spunti di riflessione relativi ai fattori del gruppo di lavoro e dei singoli che possono favorire l'intervento.
More nobilium. Le spese vistose straordinarie dei conti Andreani nel secondo Settecento: matrimoni, funerali, viaggi e monacazioni
Authors: de Sio Gian Filippo
Published: October 2020

L'autore, grazie al ricco fondo delle carte familiari, conservato all'Archivio di Stato di Milano, analizza le imponenti spese straordinarie dei conti Andreani a Milano nel periodo 1775-1785. Famiglia originaria di Corenno, sul lago di Como, giunta a Milano nella prima metà del Settecento, gli Andreani diventano nobili grazie al servizio svolto nei più alti gradi della burocrazia statale, arrivando a essere una delle più ricche famiglie del patriziato della loro epoca, secondo le rilevazioni fiscali francesi del successivo periodo napoleonico. Lo sfarzo del loro abituale stile di vita si riflette non solo nelle spese correnti, come cibo, salario e vestiario dei servi, carità, stalla e carrozze, ma anche in quelle vistose straordinarie, ossia matrimoni, funerali, viaggi e monacazioni, puntualmente messe in evidenza dai ragionieri nel libro di cassa dei conti, ammontando nel decennio considerato a oltre 2.500.000 lire milanesi in totale. Le uscite medie annuali raggiungono 228mila lire milanesi circa.
Una pluralità di sguardi sulla follia. Storia delle internate cremonesi nella seconda metà dell'ottocento
Authors: Fazzini Ilaria
Published: October 2020

La storia delle donne internate in manicomio, della loro vita dentro e fuori gli istituti psichiatrici, è divenuta negli ultimi decenni oggetto di grande interesse e studio. La presente ricerca, condotta a partire dallo studio e dall'analisi delle cartelle cliniche e dei fascicoli personali delle donne internate nel Manicomio di Cremona dal 1868 al 1904, ha lo scopo di indagare l'internamento della follia femminile nella seconda metà dell'Ottocento e di farne emergere le caratteristiche e le peculiarità. Le cartelle cliniche delle pazienti cremonesi si sono rivelate una fonte utile e preziosa che ha fatto emergere chiaramente come l'internamento delle donne in manicomio fosse un processo "corale". Al suo interno infatti si intrecciava una pluralità di voci e di "sguardi" che "costruivano" e definivano la follia femminile: dallo "sguardo" dei familiari e dei rappresentanti delle istituzioni religiose e politiche coinvolti nelle procedure di ammissione, alla "voce" inascoltata delle internate portatrici di una propria soggettività, fino alle diagnosi e alle cure degli alienisti. L'autrice analizza e indaga questi soggetti, mostrandone il ruolo nelle diverse fasi del processo di internamento e rintracciando i differenti riferimenti culturali e i diversi linguaggi da loro utilizzati per individuare, comprendere, descrivere e, nel caso delle internate, manifestare e narrare la follia.
Welfare aziendale e alimentazione alla Dalmine: dalle origini al secondo dopoguerra
Authors: Rota Marco
Published: October 2020

Il coinvolgimento delle imprese nel settore dell'alimentazione popolare costituisce un fenomeno storico significativo ed estremamente articolato. L'articolo analizza le molteplici provvidenze alimentari varate dalla Dalmine nel quadro delle politiche di welfare aziendale, ricostruendo un caso peculiare di integrazione fra agricoltura e industria in un contesto sociale e territoriale fortemente plasmato dall'impresa. Inizialmente vengono descritte le politiche annonarie attuate sino alla fine degli anni Venti, attraverso lo snodo cruciale della Grande Guerra. Nella seconda parte si esaminano le strutture agricole e le provvidenze alimentari sviluppate dalla Società durante gli anni Trenta, in sintonia con gli orientamenti autarchici del regime fascista. In seguito, vengono analizzate le politiche implementate durante il secondo conflitto mondiale, quando la drammatica carenza di generi di consumo e le difficoltà di approvvigionamento costrinsero la Dalmine ad ampliare il proprio ruolo sociale, in maniera non dissimile rispetto ad altre grandi imprese italiane. Nell'ultima parte si osserva l'evoluzione delle provvidenze alimentari e delle strutture agricole nei primi anni del dopoguerra, entro il quadro di una ridefinizione complessiva dell'intero sistema di welfare aziendale costruito nei decenni precedenti
Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Upaya Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan berdasarkan Prinsip Pembangunan
Authors: Sonjaya Tarya , Heryanto Budi , Mulyana Aji , Aridhayandi M. Rendi
Published: October 2020

Kebijakan hukum pidana dalam upaya penegakan hukum lingkungan berdasarkan prinsip pembangunan perlu penyelenggaraan perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup dalam rangka pembangunan berkelanjutan berwawasan lingkungan hidup, harus memperhatikan tingkat kesadaran masyarakat dan perkembangan lingkungan secara nasional dan global serta perangkat hukum yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan hidup. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana upaya penegakan hukum tersebut dalam masyarakat dan apa hambatan yang terjadi dalam upaya penegakan hukum pidana lingkungan ini, maka penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk memberikan masukan dan kritikan kepada pemangku kebijakan dalam menjalankan penegakan hukum lingkungan ini. Metodenya menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Kebijakan hukum pidana dalam upaya penegakan hukum lingkungan berdasarkan prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan bahwa hukum lingkungan secara nasional, dan hukum lingkungan internasional belum dapat berjalan secara maksimal dalam upaya penegakan hukumnya karena tidak ada sinergi yang baik dan itu dapat dilihat dari ketidakselarasan pemangku kebijakan dalam merumuskan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Faktor hambatan dalam menjalankan upaya penegakan hukum pidana terbagi menjadi 4 (empat) faktor yang belum dapat bersinergi dengan baik dalam upaya penegakan hukum pidana di bidang lingkungan
Venetoclax plus bendamustine-rituximab or bendamustine-obinutuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: final results of a phase Ib study (GO28440)
Authors: Stilgenbauer Stephan , Morschhauser Franck , Wendtner Clemens-Martin , Cartron Guillaume , Hallek Michael , Eichhorst Barbara , Kozloff Mark F. , Giever Thomas , Lozanski Gerard , Jiang Yanwen , Huang Huang , Pignataro Daniela Soriano , Schary William , Humphrey Kathryn , Mobasher Mehrdad , Salles Gilles
Published: October 2020

Venetoclax (Ven), an orally administered, potent BCL-2 inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in combination with rituximab (R) or obinutuzumab (G). Our aim was to investigate the addition of bendamustine (B) to these Ven-containing regimens in relapsed/refractory (R/R) or first-line (1L) CLL. This multi-arm, nonrandomized, open-label, phase Ib study was designed to evaluate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and safety/tolerability of Ven with BR/BG, with 3+3 dose-escalation followed by safety expansion. Patients received Ven (schedule A) or BR/BG first (schedule B) to compare safety and determine dose/schedule for expansion. Six Ven-BR/-BG cycles were to be administered, then Ven monotherapy until disease progression (R/R) or fixed-duration 1- year treatment (1L). Overall, 33 R/R and 50 1L patients were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed (doses 100–400 mg), and the MTD was not reached. Safety was similar between schedules; no tumor lysis syndrome occurred during dose-finding. Schedule B and Ven 400 mg were chosen for expansion. The most frequent grade 3–4 toxicity was neutropenia: R/R 64%, 1L Ven-BR 85%, 1L Ven-BG 55%. Grade 3–4 infection rate was: R/R 27%, 1L Ven-BR 0%, 1L Ven-BG 27%. During expansion, one clinical and two laboratory tumor lysis syndrome cases occurred. Fewer than half the patients completed six combination therapy cycles with all study drugs; rates of bendamustine discontinuation were high. Overall response rate was 91% in R/R and 100% in 1L patients (16 of 49 1L patients received Ven for >1 year). In conclusion, addition of bendamustine to Ven-R/-G increased toxicity without apparent efficacy benefit (clinicaltrial gov. Identifier: NCT01671904).
Moral and Religious Values in the Novel "Negeri Lima Menara" by A. Fuadi and its Relationship as Reading Materials in Schools Year 2020/2021
Authors: Apriani Putri , Saragih Erikson , Rosliani
Published: October 2020

This study aims to describe the moral values and religious values in the novel Negeri Lima Menara in the development of learning, as well as to describe the relevance of moral and religious values in Negeri Lima Menara as student reading material. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive analytical method, which is to provide an understanding of the elements that are the center of the research so as to achieve the expected results in the Negeri Lima Menara Novel by A. Fuadi. The results showed that moral values consisted of 6 categories, namely honesty with a frequency of 13 or 21.311%, authentic values (confidence) with a frequency of 15 or 24.590%, willingness to be responsible with a frequency of 14 or 22.950%, moral independence with a frequency of 7 or 11,475%, moral courage with a frequency of 8 or 13,114% and humility with a frequency of 4 or 9,677%. Meanwhile, the religious values in the Negeri Lima Menara novel by A. Fuadi consist of 6 categories, namely submission and obedience with a frequency of 7 or 24.137%, a life full of deference with a frequency of 7 or 24.137%, inner feelings related to God with a frequency of 5 or 17,241%, feelings of sin with a frequency of 5 or 17,241%, feelings of fear with a frequency of 2 or 6,896% and acknowledging the greatness of God with a frequency of 5 or 17,241%.
The Transformation of Karo Traditional Dance Movement in Modern Choreography Form Gegeh Gundala-Gundala
Authors: Martozet  , Nurwani
Published: October 2020

This study aims to form a choreography rooted in the motive movement of the Karo traditional dance in the form of the modern choreography Gegeh Gundala-Gundala. The three basic motives of the Karo traditional dance, namely Ertimbang, Bunga tan kawes kemuhen kudas kuteruh, and Rakut Meteguh are used as the basis for the development of motion with the method of developing the elements of motion, using the constructive dance creation method popularized by Jacqueline Smith such as the process of exploration, improvisation, composition, and evaluation. This creation process has formed a modern choreography rooted in new traditional values such as the theory conveyed by Soedarsono that modern dance is freedom in expressing movement techniques on stage, such as the Gegeh Gundala-Gundala choreography. The method in this research is. While the method of this research uses qualitative methods, describing a narrative study of dance creation including literature study, observation, studio work, and documentation. From the process of creating the Gegeh Gundala-Gundala choreography, a new and unique form was obtained, the result of the creative process of exploration, improvisation, composition, and evaluation and supported by the process of developing motion by utilizing elements of motion such as energy, space and time. From these processes a modern choreography was formed, rooted in the traditional Karo dance entitled Gegeh Gundala-Gundala. Obtained a new and unique form, the result of the creative process of exploration, improvisation, composition, and evaluation and supported by the process of developing motion by utilizing elements of motion such as energy, space and time. From these processes a modern choreography was formed, rooted in the traditional Karo dance entitled Gegeh Gundala-Gundala. Obtained a new and unique form, the result of the creative process of exploration, improvisation, composition, and evaluation and supported by the process of developing motion by utilizing elements of motion such as energy, space and time. From these processes a modern choreography was formed, rooted in the traditional Karo dance entitled Gegeh Gundala-Gundala.
Effects of long term use of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility and productivity under paddy- sesame cropping system
Authors: Gaddi Ashok Kumar , Basavanneppa MA , Tevari Prabhuling
Published: October 2020

A field study was conducted to analyze the effect of long term use of organic and inorganic fertilizers on productivity and soil fertility under paddy-sesame cropping system. Application of 100% NPK + secondary and micro-nutrients based on soil test (T7) showed significantly higher mean grain yield of paddy (4735 kg/ha) and sesame (460 kg/ha) and rice equivalent yield (5348 kg/ha) followed by application of 50% NPK + 50% N as Farmyard manure (FYM) + inorganic source of micronutrients as per soil test (T1). Whereas, application of 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through FYM + bio-fertilizers for N + Recommended dose of phosphorus (RDP) through rock phosphate + phosphorus solubalizing bacteria (PSB) showed significantly least mean grain yield of paddy (3209 kg/ha) and sesame (314 kg/ha) and rice equivalent yield (3628 kg/ha). Further, among organic treatments (T2 to T6), higher mean grain yield of paddy (3834 kg/ha), sesame (326 kg/ha) and rice equivalent yield (4269 kg/ha) as compared to other treatments was recorded following the application of one third of RDN through FYM + one third of RDN through vermicompost + one third of RDN through neem cake + bio-fertilizers containing N and P carriers (T6). Whereas, higher nutrient status with respect to major and micronutrients and the improved soil fertility status was recorded in organic treatment plots. The application of nutrients through organic sources would improve the soil fertility status under paddy-sesame cropping system.
Production of chitosan from Oyster mushroom for α-amylase immobilization
Authors: Kabir Md Tanvir , Kabir Md Shahinur , Pramanik Md Kamruzzaman , Islam Md Zahidul , Tamanna Effat Jahan
Published: October 2020

Experiments were carried out to produce chitosan from a locally available mushroom and to use the produced chitosan as a matrix to immobilize α-amylase. On the basis of morphological characteristics and the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear rDNA, the fungal sample was identified as Pleurotus ostreatus. The average crude chitin content in the dried fruit body of P. ostreatus was 24.11%. The average yield of chitosan from P. ostreatus was 163.3 mg/g dry weight and the degree of deacetylation of the produced chitosan was 73.42%. This chitosan was used as a matrix to immobilize α-amylase. The diameter of the α-amylase immobilized beads ranged from 1839 - 2273 μm. The amount of reducing sugar produced from starch by using free α-amylase and chitosan-immobilized α-amylase was 1.710 and 1.508 mg/ml, respectively. Immobilized enzyme produced only 11.81% less reducing sugar than that of the soluble enzyme in the first cycle. However, immobilized α-amylase was easily recovered from the product and reused for two more cycles which was not possible with the same soluble free enzyme. Considering the total production of reducing sugar in three cycles, chitosan-immobilized α-amylase was found to be more productive and cost-effective than conventional soluble enzymatic reaction.
IDENTIFIKASI BERPIKIR KRITIS STANDAR ANALISIS LEVEL KINERJA NOVICE DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Panglipur Indah Rahayu , Lutfiyah Lutfiyah
Published: October 2020

Learning activities were carried out online or the Online Learning Model (OLM) in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. Every student who participates in OLM is trained in critical thinking and regularly improves the solving of a mathematical problem. This research used qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Researchers were interested in identifying critical thinking standards of analysis at the Novice Performance Level with the Online Learning Model (OLM) in Geometry Lectures in solving geometric problems based on students' Critical thinking skills with analysis indicators. Subjects were taken based on the assignment score on the material. Subjects were grouped into 3 abilities, namely low ability (Re), medium ability (Se), and high ability (Ti). The number of subjects was three people who were taken from each group at each level. Data were collected using 2 mutually supporting instruments, namely the test instrument and the interview instrument. The validation used was expert validation and content validation. The results showed that online learning activities or the Online Learning Model (OLM) can be identified that subjects with low abilities fulfill all indicators in the analysis stage, while not meeting all indicators for moderate and high student abilities because the Novice performance level is in accordance with its understanding, namely the lowest level where the subject had not been able to solve the given problem at all.
El Carlos Marx profeta, humanista y científico a través del análisis de “El Manifiesto” y su vigencia en la actualidad
Authors: Huamaní Paliza Frank D.
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo analiza la vigencia y trascendencia de los postulados de Carlos Marx a través de su obra “El Manifiesto del Partido Comunista” en la sociedad actual. Todo ello mediante el análisis de diversos fragmentos tomados de la obra de Marx y de diversos autores del postmarxismo. Haremos una deconstrucción  sus principales propuestas para comprender el por qué se ha convertido en uno de los libros más importantes de la historia. Este análisis nos va a permitir establecer los 3 papeles principales que jugó Marx en la historia; el humanista, científico y profeta, para ello analizaremos diversos dispositivos culturales del postmarxismo. La metodología que utilizamos es hermenéutica y los resultados nos permiten establecer que los postulados de Carlos Marx se encuentran más vigentes que nunca, en este contexto de ultraglobalización, neoliberalismo y posmodernismo.
System quality, users’ satisfaction, and citizens’ continuous intention to use e-government: an empirical study
Authors: SUN Wei , ZHANG Xiaojuan
Published: October 2020

This paper aims to investigate the factors influencing citizens’ continuous intention to use e-government from a composite perspective of system quality and users’ satisfaction. For this purpose, the authors first employed Information System Success(ISS) Model and Information system(IS) Continuance Model as theoretical bases to construct a conceptual model for this research and further validated it with the SPSS data analysis tool and AMOS structural equation modeling.
The relationship between adverse childhood experiences and educational disadvantage: A critical perspective
Authors: Goodall Karen , Robertson Hannah , Schwannauer Matthias
Published: October 2020

In the last 25 years, converging evidence has supported the view that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long term negative impacts on physical and mental health. More recently, ACEs have been negatively associated with a range of educational measures. As educational attainment is a determining factor in later socioeconomic position, the education system is likely to play a significant role in responding to ACEs. A critical and reflective examination of the available research will be crucial to intervening in evidence-based ways. While the ACEs movement has been instrumental in highlighting the educational impact of inequality in childhood, the ACEs research is often difficult to parse due to a reliance on checklists and a cumulative risk model. At present, the mechanisms that link ACEs to educational outcomes are still under-researched. Continued discussion of the concept of ACEs and the strengths and limitations of the current research is warranted.
Implicações socioambientais do desenvolvimento econômico
Authors: Schneider Treml Krishna , Marchesan Jairo , Bazzanella Sandro Luiz
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar as relações que permeiam a vida humana e as práticas ambientais, as quais, desde a era moderna, estão constante e diretamente associadas aos discursos e práticas jurídicas e econômicas. Nas sociedades contemporâneas, o capital, os bens patrimoniais e o lucro assumem a condição de protagonista de um pressuposto de vida a ser alcançado a qualquer custo pelos indivíduos. Os Estados, sob tais condições, encontram-se cada vez mais pressionados e coagidos pela dinâmica da economia “financeirizada” e reduzidos à condição de agências garantidoras de contratos de remuneração com o capital financeiro global. Demonstram ausência de compromisso com políticas públicas qualitativas inerentes à saúde, à segurança, à educação e ao meio ambiente equilibrado. Nessa direção, em benefício do acesso aos créditos dos investidores os Estados são compelidos a não aplicar ou desregulamentar questões socioambientais, entre outras iniciativas inerentes aos direitos fundamentais da população brasileira. Em consequência, constituem-se novas formas de mal-estar social ligadas à alienação humana, à solidão, à insegurança, à quebra das relações familiares e comunitárias, às desestruturações profissionais, ao individualismo, ao estresse afetivo, bem como à competição agressiva, gerando, consequentemente, visíveis prejuízos decorrentes do balanço geral do desenvolvimento integral. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em metodologia bibliográfica e documental. Está fundamentada em vasta referência teórica presente nas obras dos filósofos Giorgio Agamben e Michel Foucault, bem como em livros e artigos de alguns de seus comentaristas do solo brasileiro.
On the Maintenance Modeling of a Hybrid Model with Exponential Repair Efficiency
Authors: Nissas Wassila , Gasmi Soufiane
Published: October 2020

In the reliability literature, maintenance efficiency is usually dealt with as a fixed value. Since repairable systems are subject to different degrees and types of repair, it is more convenient to regard a random variable for maintenance efficiency. This paper is devoted to the statistical study of a general hybrid model for repairable systems working under imperfect maintenance. For both failure improvement and virtual age reduction of the system, maintenance efficiency is assumed to be random, with an exponential distribution as a probability density function. The likelihood function of this model is provided, and the estimation of the model parameters is computed by considering the maximization likelihood procedure. Obtained results were tested and applied to simulated and real data sets. To construct confidence intervals, the bias-corrected accelerated bootstrap method has been used.
The Reliability of a System Involving Change Points
Authors: Gera Amos E.
Published: October 2020

The reliability of a system having some change points is presented. The technique of calculation is based on a previously developed TFCF procedure for evaluating the reliability for i.i.d. component. It involves the use of some auxiliary functions to set up a set of recursive relations. The resultant equations are solved numerically. An extension to the more general TSCSTFCF procedure and its application to start-up demonstration tests is given. Also, in case of testing, the possibility of carrying out simultaneous tests on a set of units is considered.
Pre-Caecal Disappearance of Starch and Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) Content in Digesta of Caecum of Growing Pigs Fed with Ripe Hulled Shredded Acorns in Their Diet
Authors: Cappai Maria Grazia , Wolf Petra , Pinna Walter , Rust Peter , Kamphues Josef
Published: October 2020

Physical properties and chemical composition of caecum chyme, with particular regard to starch pre-caecal disappearance and volatile fatty acid (VFA, C2-C5) content, were determined in 16 growing pigs fed raw acorns in the diet. Pigs were singly housed and divided into two experimental feeding groups (each n = 8). The control group was fed a conventional complete diet for pigs (pelleted; 890 g dry matter (DM)/kg, 435 g starch/kg DM, based on cereals and soybean extraction meal). The acorn-fed group was offered a combined diet, 70% of ripe whole shredded acorns (695 g DM/kg, 447 g starch/kg DM) and 30% of the control diet. After one week, all 16 animals were slaughtered, and contents of the caudal ileum and caecum were analyzed for dry matter, crude ash, and starch. Fresh caecum chyme was analyzed for VFA content and molar proportion of acetic, propionic, n-butyric, n-valeric acid were determined. VFA per kg of organic matter (OM) in the caecum differed significantly between groups (p = 0.047). Pre-caecal disappearance (pCD) of acorn native starch turned out to be high (>95%). Estimated VFA content in caecum in the acorn combined diet resulted in 8.72 g per kg of OM, and the relationship based on molar proportion between acetic:propionic:n-butyric:n-valeric acid was 1:0.2:0.1:0.04, which pointed to higher proportions of n-valeric acid when hulled shredded acorns are fed to pigs.
Examining Potential Environmental Consequences of Climate Change and Other Driving Forces on the Sustainability of Spanish Olive Groves under a Socio-Ecological Approach
Authors: Rodríguez Sousa Antonio Alberto , Barandica Jesús M. , Aguilera Pedro A. , Rescia Alejandro J.
Published: October 2020

Olive groves form characteristic Mediterranean socio-ecological landscapes, occupying more than 5 M ha; 2.5 M ha in Spain. In recent decades, traditional extensive management of olive groves has shifted to an intensive regime, with some cases of abandonment. These situations triggered negative environmental and economic externalities that led farmers to adopt increasingly multifunctional management models. From a transdisciplinary perspective, the current state of Spanish olive groves was analyzed, assessing their vulnerability to climate change as one of the main threats to their sustainability. Based on our findings and assuming that by 2050, in the Mediterranean, there will be an increase in temperature of 0.8–2.3 °C and a decrease in rainfall of up to 200 mm per year, a displacement of the distribution area of olive groves is expected towards zones of lower temperature and higher moisture. The predicted climatic conditions would increase evapotranspiration of vegetation and atmospheric CO2 emissions. Moreover, climate change will reduce the chill accumulation in olive groves, altering its flowering, fructification and crop yields. Thus, it is necessary to adopt management models that promote olive grove resilience in face of climate change, ensuring their socio-ecological sustainability.
Crop Height Measurement System Based on 3D Image and Tilt Sensor Fusion
Authors: Kim Wan-Soo , Lee Dae-Hyun , Kim Yong-Joo , Kim Yeon-Soo , Kim Taehyeong , Park Seong-Un , Kim Sung-Soo , Hong Dong-Hyuck
Published: October 2020

Machine-vision-based crop detection is a central issue for digital farming, and crop height is an important factor that should be automatically measured in robot-based cultivations. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging cameras make it possible to measure actual crop height; however, camera tilt due to irregular ground conditions in farmland prevents accurate height measurements. In this study, stereo-vision-based crop height was measured with compensation for the camera tilt effect. For implementing the tilt of the camera installed on farm machines (e.g., tractors), we developed a posture tilt simulator for indoor testing that could implement the camera tilt by pitch and roll rotations. Stereo images were captured under various simulator tilt conditions, and crop height was measured by detecting the crop region in a disparity map, which was generated by matching stereo images. The measured height was compensated for by correcting the position of the region of interest (RoI) in the 3D image through coordinate transformation between camera coordinates and simulator coordinates. The tests were conducted by roll and pitch rotation around the simulator coordinates. The results showed that crop height could be measured using stereo vision, and that tilt compensation reduced the average error from 15.6 to 3.9 cm. Thus, the crop height measurement system proposed in this study, based on 3D imaging and a tilt sensor, can contribute to the automatic perception of agricultural robots.
Effects of Rhizobium Inoculation on N2 Fixation, Phytochemical Profiles and Rhizosphere Soil Microbes of Cancer Bush Lessertia frutescens (L.)
Authors: Makgato Manaka J. , Araya Hintsa T. , du Plooy Christian P. , Mokgehle Salmina N. , Mudau Fhatuwani N.
Published: October 2020

Plant-beneficial microorganisms are determinants of plant health and productivity. However, the effects associated with secondary plant metabolism and interactions in the rhizosphere for Cancer bush Lessertia frutescens (L.) is unclear. The study was conducted to understand the mechanism of rhizobium inoculation for L. frutescens, variations in phytochemicals, soluble sugars, and soil–plant interactions in the rhizosphere. Four rhizobium inoculation levels (0, 100, 200, and 400 g) were evaluated under the field conditions to establish the antioxidant properties, soluble sugars, and rhizosphere soil microbial diversity at 150, 240, and 330 days after planting (d.a.p). Although inoculation did not significantly affect plant biomass and N2 fixation of L. frutescens, total phenolics and flavonoids were enhanced with the application of 200 g at 240 days after planting. The antioxidant values analyzed through FRAP (Ferric reducing power assay) were highest with 100 g inoculation at 240 days after planting. Water-soluble sugars such as fructose, sucrose, and glucose increased with the application of 400, 200, and 100 g rhizobium inoculation. The rhizosphere′s carbon source utilization profiles (CSUP) did not vary significantly, depicting the weaker ability in converting C, P, and N profiles. The lowest ß glucosidase activity was observed in the bulk soil with the lowest alkaline and acid phosphatase activities. Soil microbial populations present in the bulk sample demonstrated the smallest overall enzyme activities. The variation of different variables studied indicate the potential of rhizobium inoculation. However, further studies are required to ascertain the inoculation′s effectiveness for plant growth and rhizosphere microbial populations of L. frutescens.
Growth and Nutrient Element Content of Hydroponic Lettuce are Modified by LED Continuous Lighting of Different Intensities and Spectral Qualities
Authors: Liu Wenke , Zha Lingyan , Zhang Yubin
Published: October 2020

LED red (R) and blue (B) continuous light (CL) is a potential efficient way to increase plant productivity of plant factory with artificial light (PFAL), but limited information was explored about their effects on plant mineral nutrition. In an environmentally controlled plant factory with artificial light (PFAL), the effects of CL of different intensities and spectral qualities, emitted by R and B LEDs on growth and nutrient element content and accumulation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), were conducted in three hydroponic experiments. Two treatments, normal light (12 h/12 h) and CL (24 h/0 h) in experiment 1, three CL intensities (100, 200 and 300 μmol·m−2·s−1) in experiment 2, and three CL light qualities (1R:3B, 1R:1B and 3R:1B) in experiment 3 were designed. The results showed that CL significantly increased the fresh and dry lettuce shoot biomass compared with normal light, and shoot fresh and dry biomass increased with the intensity increment of CL. In experiment 3, shoot fresh biomass was great under high R light proportion CL treatment, while dry shoot biomass remained unchanged. Both CL and CL with increased intensities promoted shoot C content and accumulation in lettuce. CL reduced N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn contents in lettuce shoot, while Fe and Mn contents did not change compared to NL. Moreover, CL increased Ca, Fe and Mn accumulation. 100–200 μmol·m−2·s−1 CL facilitated N, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn contents in shoot, but K content was not influenced compared with 300 μmol·m−2·s−1. The data showed that high B light ratio (75%) facilitated C content comparison with low B ratios (50% and 25%). However, lettuce grown under 3R1B treatment had the higher C accumulation. Shoot N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn contents were higher under 1R1B treatment, and Cu content did not affected by light quality. Moreover, accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in shoot was higher under 1R1B treatment, while P, Ca, Mg, Mn accumulation under 3R1B treatment was the lowest. In conclusion, CL tends to reduce shoot mineral element contents due to dilution effect as shoot dry weight increases compared to NL. However, long-term (12 days) CL composed of 1R1B, 100–200 μmol·m−2·s−1 tends to obtain relative higher K, Ca, Fe and Zn contents in the greater dry lettuce shoot.
Experimental Study on Co-Firing of Coal and Brewery Wastewater Sludge
Authors: Luo Zixue , Xu Danxia , Ma Yanxiong , Cheng Qiang
Published: October 2020

The environmental pollution and high energy consumption caused by the coal-dominated energy structure in China have been the focus of attention for a long time. The co-firing of biomass with coal can save coal resources and realize effective utilization of biomass. In this paper, brewery wastewater sludge (SD) and bituminous coal (BC) were blended for an experimental study which aimed to provide basic experimental data and operational guidance as a reference for practical application in power plants. The co-firing characteristics of sludge and bituminous coal were studied. The results show that the burnout temperature and ignition temperature decrease with an increase in the sludge blending ratio. The Comprehensive Combustion Index (CCI) first rises, then decreases, reaching a maximum at about 15%. Compared with the atmosphere with 79% N2/21% O2, under the 79% CO2/21% O2 atmosphere, ignition is delayed and the burnout temperature is higher. Under an O2/CO2 atmosphere, as the O2 concentration improves, the thermo-gravimetric (TG) curve shifts to the low-temperature region, the burnout temperature drops significantly, and the comprehensive combustion characteristics are improved. With an increment of the heating rate, the curve of TG analysis shifts to the high-temperature region and the CCI increases. This study could provide helpful information on practical blending in coal-fired power plants for energy savings and emission reductions.
Effect of Solid Particles on Droplet Size Applying the Time-Shift Method for Spray Investigation
Authors: Wachter Simon , Jakobs Tobias , Kolb Thomas
Published: October 2020

This study investigated the influence of solid particles on primary breakup and resulting droplet size for different process parameters. Two sets of Newtonian fluids (each consisting of one pure liquid and one suspension at the same respective viscosity) were used, for isolated investigation of solid particles on spray formation independent of liquid viscosity. The spray was recorded by a high-speed camera and a SpraySpy® system based on the time-shift effect, while a commonly used Spraytec® laser diffraction analyzer was employed for validation. An external-mixing twin-fluid atomizer was operated at different gas velocities and corresponding GLR at constant liquid mass flow. For the investigated suspensions an increased Sauter mean diameter was detected, compared to the pure liquids with identical dynamic viscosity. This effect was explained by the tensile strength stabilizing the suspension droplets.
Multimodal Few-Shot Learning for Gait Recognition
Authors: Moon Jucheol , Le Nhat Anh , Minaya Nelson Hebert , Choi Sang-Il
Published: October 2020

A person’s gait is a behavioral trait that is uniquely associated with each individual and can be used to recognize the person. As information about the human gait can be captured by wearable devices, a few studies have led to the proposal of methods to process gait information for identification purposes. Despite recent advances in gait recognition, an open set gait recognition problem presents challenges to current approaches. To address the open set gait recognition problem, a system should be able to deal with unseen subjects who have not included in the training dataset. In this paper, we propose a system that learns a mapping from a multimodal time series collected using insole to a latent (embedding vector) space to address the open set gait recognition problem. The distance between two embedding vectors in the latent space corresponds to the similarity between two multimodal time series. Using the characteristics of the human gait pattern, multimodal time series are sliced into unit steps. The system maps unit steps to embedding vectors using an ensemble consisting of a convolutional neural network and a recurrent neural network. To recognize each individual, the system learns a decision function using a one-class support vector machine from a few embedding vectors of the person in the latent space, then the system determines whether an unknown unit step is recognized as belonging to a known individual. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework recognizes individuals with high accuracy regardless they have been registered or not. If we could have an environment in which all people would be wearing the insole, the framework would be used for user verification widely.
A Refined Shape Sensing Method for Skin Antenna Structure Based on Inverse Finite Element Method
Authors: Niu Shengtao , Li Kexiang , Liu Jianfeng , Bao Hong
Published: October 2020

An important issue in the existing inverse finite element method (iFEM) is that reconstruction accuracy cannot satisfy the analytical demand for the flexible structure. To address this issue, this paper presents a multi-nodes iFEM that reconstructs the displacement of structure based on surface measurement strains in real time. Meanwhile, in light of the response characteristics of iFEM, an innovative interpolation method is adapted to regenerate the full field deformation again. The proposed method substantially expands the size of inverse elements, which reduces the numbers of sensors and improves the reconstruction accuracy. The effectiveness of the method to predict displacement is verified by a flexible antenna panel subjected typical boundary conditions.
Regional Geotechnical Mapping Employing Kriging on Electronic Geodatabase
Authors: Arshid Muhammad Usman , Kamal M. A.
Published: October 2020

A regional geotechnical map was developed by employing kriging using spatial and s geostatistical analysis tools. Many studies have been carried out in the field of topography, digital elevation modeling, agriculture, geological, crop, and precipitation mapping. However, no significant contribution to the development of geotechnical mapping has been made. For the appraisal of a geotechnical map, extensive field explorations were carried out throughout the geotechnically diversified plateau spread over an area of approximately 23,000 km2. In total, 450 soil samples were collected from 75 data stations to determine requisite index properties and soil classification for the subsequent allowable bearing capacity evaluation. The formatted test results, along with associated geospatial information, were uploaded to ArcMap, which created an initial input electronic database. The kriging technique of geostatistical analysis was determined to be more feasible for generating a geotechnical map. The developed map represents the distribution of soil in the region as per the engineering classification system, allowable bearing capacity, and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) subgrade rating for 1.5-, 3.0-, and 4.5-m depths. The accuracy of the maps generated using kriging interpolation technique under spatial analyst tools was verified by comparing the values in the generated surface with the actual values measured at randomly selected validation points. The database was primarily created for the appraisal of geotechnical maps and can also be used for preliminary geotechnical investigations, which saves the cost of soil investigations. In addition, this approach allows establishing useful correlations among the geotechnical properties of soil.
Impact of Germination and Fermentation on Rheological and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Wheat and Triticale Flours
Authors: Banu Iuliana , Patraşcu Livia , Vasilean Ina , Horincar Georgiana , Aprodu Iuliana
Published: October 2020

Common cereal processing through germination and fermentation usually has an important impact on the technological performance of the flours, mainly because of the activation of endogenous enzymes acting on macromolecules. The aim of the present study is to estimate the effect of germination and fermentation, using a mixture of Lactobacillus casei and Kluyveromyces marxianus subsp. marxianus, on the rheological properties of different wheat and triticale varieties. Moreover, the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the white wheat flour-based dough, including germinated grain flour or sourdough was also tested. Grains germination and sourdough fermentation exerted a high influence on the rheological behaviour of the flour-based suspensions. Germination affected the structure and stability of the suspensions, resulting in samples with viscous behaviour prevailing over the elastic one. The temperature ramp tests revealed that germination together with fermentation lead to higher resistance to temperature changes. In agreement with the results of the rheological investigations on rheometer, the Mixolab test performed on flour obtained from germinated grains revealed lower dough stability and protein weakening at temperature increase. On the other hand, a significant improvement of the pasting properties of the dough was obtained when adding sourdoughs to the wheat flour.
Intelligent Design for Simulation Models of Weapon Systems Using a Mathematical Structure and Case-Based Reasoning
Authors: Kim Dohyun , Jeong Dongsu , Seo Yoonho
Published: October 2020

The armed forces of major nations have utilized modeling and simulation technologies to develop weapon systems corresponding to changing modern battlefields and reducing the development cycle. However, model design is complex owing to the characteristics of current weapons, which require multiple functions. Therefore, this study proposes a method to support the automated design of weapon system models for simulation. We apply module-based modeling and an intelligent modeling process to our devised method. The former formalizes constituents and constraints regarding an element combination to design the required model, while the latter applies case-based reasoning (CBR) to intelligentize the modeling process based on the results of the former. Using a case study, our proposed method demonstrates that models that respond to operational circumstances can be designed based on simulation results. Consequently, when weapon systems can be represented in formalized structures and constituents, the weapon models can be reusable based on the addition, modification, and replacement of modules in the common structure. The CBR process can provide the models that satisfy the requirements by retrieving similar models and modifying the models. The proposed method is applicable to the process of weapon system design or improvement for changing battlefields.