bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La protección del medio ambiente como norma imperativa de Derecho Internacional (Ius Cogens)
Authors: Lorenzo Pedro
Published: September 2020

El autor se plantea la hipótesis de si las normas de protección del medio ambiente configuran a la fecha una norma imperativa de derecho internacional (Ius Cogens). Para comprobar su hipótesis, contrarresta el estado actual del Derecho, con los últimos avances en los estudios sobre Ius Cogens de la Comisión de Derecho Internacional (CDI) de las Naciones Unidas.El objetivo primario del trabajo es contribuir desde la academia a los esfuerzos que está realizando la CDI en el estudio de Ius Cogens. El autor entiende necesario que la República Oriental del Uruguay esté formalmente presente en la discusión sobre la temática de Ius Cogens en general y particularmente en el aporte al estado actual de Derecho Internacional del Medio Ambiente. El presente trabajo es la culminación de la investigación realizada para la aprobación del XLVI Curso de Derecho Internacional de la Organización de Estados Americanos, dictado en Rio de Janeiro, Brasil en julio – agosto 2019.
التسويق الإلكتروني وتأثيره على سلوك المستهلك وقرار الشراء
Authors: الشويمي ديمه
Published: September 2020

الملخص:
هدفت هذه الدراسة لبيان تأثير التسويق الإلكتروني على سلوك المستهلك وقرار الشراء، وقد تم استخدام الاستبانة في هذه الدراسة وتم توزيعها على عدد 384 فرد من محافظة شقراء في المملكة العربية السعودية، وتوصلت أهم نتائج الدراسة إلى أن غالبية أفراد العينة يقومون بتصفح المتاجر الإلكترونية من أجل شراء المنتجات بالأسعار المناسبة، ويتضح أن قرار الشراء لدى أفراد العينة يرجع إلى القرار الشخصي، وأن مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي هي أكثر الوسائل الإعلانية استخداماً.
الكلمات المفتاحية: التسويق الإلكتروني, المستهلك، الشراء.
Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Buditiawan Kristian , Harmono
Published: September 2020

Salah satu permasalahan dunia pariwisata yang ada di Provinsi Jawa Timur adalah tentang aksesibilitas dan infrastruktur penunjang meskipun memiliki Bandara Juanda dan Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak sebagai pintu masuk wisatawan dari luar daerah/mancanegara. Seperti diketahui, keberadaan destinasi pariwisata berlokasi tidak di ibukota provinsi namun berada pada kabupaten/kota sehingga perlu disiapkan moda lanjutan berikut dengan infrastrukturnya, seperti hotel, restoran, gedung pertemuan, promosi, dan lain-lain. Sedangkan di sisi lain, sektor pariwisata menjadi sektor andalan dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Jawa Timur. Kontribusi sektor pariwisata pada Produk Dometik Regional Bruto Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017 yang terdiri dari akumulasi lapangan usaha penyediaan akomodasi dan makan minum, transportasi dan pergudanga, dan informasi dan komunikasi berjumlah Rp. 185.234M dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan 13% setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang strategi pengembangan destinasi pariwisata di Kabupaten Jember Jawa Timur. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis SWOT dan matrik Quantitave Strategy Planning (QSP). Strategi yang dapat diterapkan adalah pembinaan kelompok masyarakat (pokdarwis), peningkatan daya saing produk pariwisata melalui program pembiayaan mandiri, dan mengadakan even wisata yang terintegrasi dengan sektor lain.
Kajian Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat terhadap Pelayanan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Pambalah Batung Amuntai
Authors: Nisa Latifa Suhada , Maliani Maliani , Fitriyanti Siska , Siska Dewi
Published: September 2020

Based on Law Number 25 Year 2009 regarding Public Services, every public service provider is demanded to always improve the quality of its services. One effort to meet the need to improve service quality is to carry out a Community Satisfaction Survey (SKM), where the implementation has been regulated in Permenpan No. 14 of 2017. SKM in this study was conducted at the Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Pambalah Batung Amuntai, Hulu Sungai Utara Regency (HSU). SKM is conducted to be able to measure and analyze the Community Satisfaction Index. Descriptive methods with qualitative and quantitative approaches (mix method) were used in this research. The results of data analysis showed that the IKM of Pambalah Batung Amuntai Hospital was 78.24, which is rated as "Good" category. Service elements that must be improved (poor category) are service time, complaint handling, facilities and infrastructure. The recommended strategic steps are making improvements in accordance with the recommendations in the 2018 SKM report and improving performance especially in elements that are less well categorized.
Kata Kunci: Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat, Pelayanan Publik, RSUD Pambalah Batung Amuntai
Abstrak
Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik, setiap penyelenggara pelayanan publik dituntut untuk selalu memperbaiki kualitas pelayanannya. Salah satu usaha dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan perbaikan kualitas pelayanan tersebut adalah dengan melaksanakan Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat (SKM), dimana pelaksanaanya telah diatur di dalam Permenpan Nomor 14 Tahun 2017 tentang Pedoman Penyusunan Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat Unit Penyelenggara Pelayanan Publik. SKM dalam kajian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Pambalah Batung Amuntai, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU). SKM dilakukan untuk mengukur dan menganalisa Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat (IKM). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif (mix method). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa IKM RSUD Pambalah Batung Amuntai adalah 78,24, berada pada kategori “Baik”. Unsur pelayanan yang harus diperbaiki (kategori kurang baik) adalah waktu pelayanan, penanganan pengaduan, dan sarana prasarana. Rekomendasi langkah strategis yang perlu dilakukan adalah melakukan perbaikan sesuai dengan saran dalam laporan SKM tahun 2018 dan melakukan peningkatan kinerja terutama pada unsur dengan kategori kurang baik.
Kata Kunci: Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat, Pelayanan Publik, RSUD Pambalah Batung Amuntai
Gambaran Kasus Stunting Pada 10 Desa Di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Tahun 2018
Authors: Indriyati Liestiana , Juhairiyah  , Hairani Budi , Fakhrizal Deni
Published: September 2020

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in infants due to chronic malnutrition so that the child is considered too short for his age, and it causes the level of intelligence not optimal, more susceptible to disease, and reduce productivity. Based on data from the Department of Health, stunting cases in the Tanah Bumbu regency are  4% out of 19,823 infants and toddlers who visit posyandu. This study uses a cross-sectional design, and data sources obtained from the Health Office, which includes re-measuring infants, interviews with toddler parents and environmental observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods through SPSS program. Based on remeasurements of stunting, there were 36 children considered normal, this was all due because of an errors in recording the date of birth and errors in length/height measurements. Risk factors that trigger stunting based on the observation were the level of education and occupation of parents, the age of the mother at marriage, sex, consumption of blood-added tablets during pregnancy, birth weight and length, exclusive breastfeeding, economic status, parental height and history of infectious diseases. Measurement errors in infants cause stunting rates in Tanah Bumbu District to be higher than they should be. Thus, to overcome this problem, it can be done by training posyandu cadres and using standard anthropometric tools.
Keywords: Stunting, Risk Factor, Toddler Measurement 
Abstrak
Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh pada balita akibat kekurangan gizi kronis sehingga anak terlalu pendek untuk usianya, menyebabkan tingkat kecerdasan tidak maksimal, lebih rentan penyakit dan menurunkan produktivitas. Berdasarkan data di dinas kesehatan kasus stunting di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu sebesar 4% dari 19.823 bayi dan balita yang datang ke posyandu. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, sumber data di dapat dari dinas kesehatan, pengukuran ulang balita, wawancara kepada orang tua balita dan pengamatan lingkungan. Data yang didapat kemudian dilakukan analisis menggunakan program SPSS. Berdasarkan pengukuran ulang pada balita terduga stunting ditemukan 36 balita dalam kondisi normal, hal ini disebabkan peningkatan tinggi badan, kesalahan pencatatan tanggal lahir dan kesalahan pengukuran panjang/tinggi badan. Faktor risiko pencetus stunting, yaitu tingkat pendidikan dan pekerjaan orang tua, usia ibu saat menikah, jenis kelamin, konsumsi tablet tambah darah selama kehamilan, berat dan panjang badan lahir, pemberian ASI eksklusif, status ekonomi, tinggi badan orangtua dan riwayat penyakit infeksi. Kesalahan pengukuran pada balita menyebabkan angka stunting di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu lebih tinggi dari yang seharusnya, sehingga untuk mengatasi hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan pelatihan kepada kader posyandu dan penggunaan alat antropometri yang standar
Kata Kunci: Stunting, Faktor Risiko, Pengukuran Balita
Vancouver Convention Health Centre (COVID-19 Response): Planning, implementation, and four lessons learned
Authors: Brown, OMM, CD, MD, FRCSC D. Ross , Hennecke, RN, BScN, MA, CD Peter , Nottebrock, MD Doug , Dhillon, MSc, DM-EMDM, CCFP(EM), DTM&H(Lon), FRGS Paul
Published: September 2020

The Vancouver Convention Health Centre (VCHC) was rapidly set up as a part of the COVID-19 response in British Columbia in order to create surge hospital capacity bed space. Multiple field hospitals were set up across the country in preparation for a possible surge and the VCHC utilized a non-traditional health care space and overlaid it with medical infrastructure. Maximum flexibility was required in planning for multiple patient populations and a novel four-box concept to plan for the requirements of the respective possible populations was developed. Key difficulties that needed to be overcome in planning COVID-19 medical care delivery in a non-traditional space included oxygen delivery, unknown future patient populations, and staffing. A clear recommendation can also now be made that healthcare provision should be considered during the design and build of new recreational or convention facilities in all communities.
Determination of Aethalometer multiple-scattering enhancement parameters and impact on source apportionment during the winter 2017–2018 EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL campaign in Milan
Authors: Bernardoni Vera , Ferrero Luca , Bolzacchini Ezio , Forello Alice Corina , Gregorič Asta , Massabò Dario , Močnik Griša , Prati Paolo , Rigler Martin , Santagostini Luca , Soldan Francesca , Valentini Sara , Valli Gianluigi , Vecchi Roberta
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In the frame of the EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL campaign in Milan during winter 2018, equivalent black carbon measurements using the Aethalometer 31 (AE31), the Aethalometer 33 (AE33), and the Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP) were carried out together with levoglucosan analyses on 12-h resolved PM2.5 samples collected in parallel. From AE31 and AE33 data, the loading-corrected aerosol attenuation coefficients (bATN) were calculated at 7 wavelengths (λs, where λ = 370, 470, 520, 590, 660, 880, 950 nm). Aerosol absorption coefficient at 637 nm (babs_MAAP) was determined by MAAP measurements. Furthermore, babs was also measured at 4 wavelengths (405, 532, 635, 780 nm) on the 12-h resolved PM2.5 samples by a polar photometer (PP_UniMI). After comparing PP_UniMI and MAAP results, we exploited PP_UniMI data to evaluate the filter multiple-scattering enhancement parameter at different wavelengths for AE31 and AE33. We obtained instrument- and wavelength-dependent multiple-scattering parameters by linear regression of the Aethalometer bATN against the babs measured by PP_UniMI. We found significant filter material, and hence instrumental, dependence of the multiple-scattering enhancement parameter with the difference up to 30 % between the AE31 and the AE33 tapes. The wavelength dependence and day/night variations were small – the difference between the smallest and largest value was up to 6 %. Data from the different instruments were used as input to the so-called “Aethalometer model” for optical source apportionment and instrument-dependence of the results was investigated. Inconsistencies among the source apportionment were found fixing the AE31 and AE33 multiple-scattering enhancement parameters to their usual values. Opposite, optimised multiple-scattering enhancement parameters led to 5 % agreement among the approaches. Also, the component-apportionment “MWAA model” was applied to the dataset. It resulted less sensitive to the instrument and the number of wavelengths, whereas significant differences in the determination of the absorption Ångström exponent for brown carbon were found (up to 22 %).
Increased flow rate of hyperpolarized aqueous solution for DNP-enhanced MRI achieved by an open Fabry-Pérot type microwave resonator
Authors: Fedotov Alexey , Kurakin Ilya , Fischer Sebastian , Vogl Thomas , Prisner Thomas F. , Denysenkov Vasyl
Published: September 2020

Abstract. A continuous flow dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) employing the Overhauser effect at ambient temperatures can be used among other methods to increase sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hyperpolarized state of water protons can be achieved by flowing aqueous liquid through a microwave resonator placed directly in the bore of a 1.5 T MRI magnet. Here we describe a new open Fabry-Pérot resonator as DNP polarizer, which exhibits a larger microwave exposure volume for the flowing liquid in comparison with a cylindrical TE013 microwave cavity. The Fabry-Pérot resonator geometry was designed using quasi-optical theory and simulated by CST software. Performance of the new polarizer was tested by MRI DNP experiments on a TEMPOL aqueous solution using a blood-vessel phantom. The Fabry-Pérot resonator revealed a 2-fold larger DNP enhancement with a 4-fold increased flow rate compared to the cylindrical microwave resonator. This increased yield of hyperpolarized liquid allows MRI applications on larger target objects.
Factors Influencing the Consumer Psychology of Cigarette Smokers and Impact of Awareness on Cigarette Consumption - A Literature Review
Authors: Kingsley Bernard Digo Thalattaniralage , Rahaman Muhammed Asjad , Sivaharan Haridhakshan , Gunasekaran Harrunprasadh , Supunma Shanthakumara Weerappulige Sanuji , Sumudu Namali Munasinghe Amarasinghe Arachchilage
Published: September 2020

Smoking is a process in which a cigarette is burnt and the resulting smoke is inhaled. A total of 96% of tobacco users are cigarette smokers. With nearly eight million people killed in the world annually, the levels are expected to rise. Despite having a basic knowledge of its adverse effects, the psychology of individuals still prompts them to go towards cigarette consumption causing health and social harms. The purpose of this paper is to review the existing literature to identify the smokers' psychological factors, which enables to comprehend what drives an individual towards smoking. Further, the article focuses on the awareness element of a smoker concerning how it has an overall effect on smoking consumption. With the backing of literature, the paper reasons that awareness can have a significant impact on the consumption levels and must be considered along with the consumer psychology component in order to find more accurate results and interpretations.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Psychological Studies, Vol. 12, No. 3
Authors: Sun Barbara
Published: September 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Psychological Studies, Vol. 12, No. 3
THE IMPACT OF THE SELECTED PARAMETERS OF FDM
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY ON TRIBOLOGICAL
PERFORMANCE OF ABS–STEEL PAIR UNDER DRY FRICTION
Authors: SUWIŃSKA Katarzyna , ŁUBIŃSKI Jacek
Published: September 2020

The paper presents the result of tribological test of ABS and steel samples sliding under dry friction. Polymeric
samples were manufactured of ABS material using FDM technology. Testing was carried out in unidirectional
sliding in a ring-on-flat contact in a PT-3 tribometer. The scope of tested parameters included volumetric
and mass wear, the friction coefficient, and polymeric specimen temperature. Polymeric specimens used in
the study were manufactured at various settings of the 3D printing process such as the orientation of the
specimen in print with respect to the printer building tray and the thickness of a single layer of the deposited
material. Comparisons of the impact of these parameters on tribological performance of the sliding contact
were analysed.
Mental Stress in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Physicians During COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Ali Hassan , Ismail Ahmed Abdelaziz , Abdalwahab Ahmed
Published: September 2020

Background: Since the announcement of the World Health Organization of COVID-19 as a global pandemic, the probability of experiencing psychological disturbances and mental health problems among the frontline doctors who deal early with the suspected or confirmed patients is expected to increase, especially among anesthesia and ICU physicians. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of mental stress among anesthesia and ICU physicians in Cairo university hospitals, Egypt, treating patients exposed to COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional, survey-based study collected the demographic and mental health data from anesthesia and ICU physicians working in Cairo university hospitals from March 15 to April 15, 2020, in Egypt. The level of stress was assessed by the perceived stress scale (PSS-10). Results: A total of 193 out of 315 contacted physicians completed the survey. A significant proportion of participants (65%) experienced high levels of psychological distress during this acute situation, with the PSS-10 median score of 21 in the registrar group and 18 in the consultant group; the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03). The most common causes of stress among the participants were the fears that they might transmit the disease to their loved people and the lack of a clear protocol on how to deal with COVID-19 cases, either suspected or confirmed. Conclusions: In this survey study, anesthesia and ICU physicians responding to the spread of COVID-19 reported high rates of symptoms of mental stress.
Interaction of Manganese and Ammonia in the Brain of Hepatic Encephalopathy Rats
Authors: Lu Jingjing , Li Ying , Zhang Cui , Yang Xiuying , Qiang Jin Wei
Published: September 2020

Background: Both ammonia and manganese (Mn) play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and cause similar morphological and functional changes in astrocytes. Objectives: To investigate the interaction between brain Mn and ammonia in HE rats. Methods: Three rat models of minimal HE (MHE), chronic manganism (CHM), and chronic hyperammonemia (CHA) were constructed. A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into one control group (n = 6), MHE groups (n = 18, among which six rats were used to evaluate the MHE model), CHM groups (n = 12), and CHA groups (n = 12). The CHM, CHA, and the rest of MHE rats were randomly divided further into two subgroups, according to the MgSO4 treatment (oral administration of 496 mg/kg/day for seven weeks): MHE-7W and MHE + Mg-7W; CHM-7W and CHM + Mg-7W; and CHA-7W and CHA + Mg-7W, respectively. Rats’ blood ammonia, brain Mn, glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamine (GLN) levels were measured and compared among groups. Results: Significantly higher brain Mn content in MHE-7W and CHM-7W rats, higher blood ammonia levels, brain GS activity, and GLN content were observed in MHE-7W, CHM-7W, and CHA-7W rats than in control rats. After MgSO4 treatment for seven weeks, significantly lower brain Mn content, blood ammonia levels, and GLN content were observed in MHE, CHM, and CHA rats. Conclusions: Our study showed that brain Mn accumulation could increase brain ammonia levels, while the accumulation of brain ammonia had no effect on the content of brain Mn.
The Effects of 30-minute Whole-Body Pre-Cooling on Anaerobic Performance Indices in Women Futsal Players
Authors: Monazzami Amirabbas , Maleki Sadeghi Hadis , Hematfar Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Background: The beneficial effects of pre-cooling techniques on endurance training have been proved, although few studies are conducted on the effects of pre-cooling techniques on high-intensity exercises Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the effects of 30-minute whole body pre-cooling on anaerobic performance indices in women futsal players. Methods: Twelve female subjects (age 22.5 ± 2.24, hight159 ± 0.06, weight 55.22 ± 12.73) participated in this cross-design study and were tested randomly after either 30- minute of pre-cooling using ice jackets or under control conditions (no pre-cooling) in two separate sessions with three days interval between each session. This was immediately followed by the RAST anaerobic power test. Buerer FT-70digital thermometer, polar-FT60 heart rate monitoring, micro lifeblood pressure monitoring, hp-cosmos lactometer, and ELISA technique were used to measure core body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, blood lactate, and Lactate dehydrogenase, respectively. T-independent and dependent tests were also applied to compare changes both between and within groups. Results: Data on core temperature, heart rate, maximum power output, and fatigue index after pre-cooling were significantly higher in the pre-cooling group than the control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the groups concerning the blood lactate levels, mean and minimum power output, and blood pressure (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, the results suggest that 30-minute of whole-body pre-cooling improves repeated bouts of intensive activity through the occlusion of skin vessels to stimulate the blood flow to the active muscles.
Variações espaço-temporais na abertura do dossel em diferentes tipologias vegetais sob efeito de fogo
Authors: Almeida Bruno Natali de , Santos Rubens Manoel dos , Morel Jean Daniel , Pereira Diego Gualberto Salles
Published: September 2020

Os domínios fitogeográficos Atlântico e dos Cerrados brasileiros destacam-se pelo alto grau de ameaça de seus remanescentes, fazendo com que o estudo de sua ecologia seja de suma importância para a conservação desses domínios. Apesar da existência de distúrbios ecológicos naturais, a ação humana pode agravar a ocorrência desses fenômenos, como por exemplo: o aumento da frequência do fogo em ambientes naturais. Mesmo o dossel, camada superior da vegetação, é prejudicado direta ou indiretamente pela ação desse distúrbio. Além disso, as características do dossel são determinantes para a dinâmica de regeneração das comunidades vegetais, pois suas condições regulam os níveis de luminosidade que chegam às camadas inferiores da vegetação. Assim, este trabalho buscou estudar as variações na abertura do dossel de um mosaico vegetacional inserido em uma área de contato entre os domínios Atlântico e dos Cerrados, com o intuito de identificar como se dão essas alterações entre as tipologias vegetais analisadas e qual a influência da ocorrência de fogo nas oscilações no estrato superior da vegetação. Para isso, o estudo acompanhou as mudanças na abertura do dossel, com o uso de fotografias hemisféricas, em diferentes unidades vegetacionais por três anos, a partir da ocorrência de um evento de fogo no local. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que fitofisionomias semelhantes apresentaram níveis de abertura do dossel parecidos, da mesma forma que exibiram um padrão de oscilação similar entre si. Por fim, depreende-se que o fogo se mostrou como um modificador indireto do dossel, uma vez que as próprias características da vegetação têm a capacidade de controlar os impactos desse tipo de distúrbio.
Variações temporais na estrutura em fitofisionomias de Cerrado e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual em Curvelo, MG
Authors: Silva Leovandes Soares da , Otoni Thiago José Ornelas , Vieira Arthur Duarte , Gonzaga Anne Priscila Dias , Botezelli Luciana , Meira Junior Milton Serpa de , Pereira Israel Marinho , Machado Evandro Luiz Mendonça
Published: September 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a dinâmica da estrutura de espécies arbóreas e relacionar as mudanças com as condições edáficas em fitofisionomias de cerrado stricto sensu (de 2010 a 2015), cerradão (de 2010 a 2015) e floresta estacional semidecidual (de 2011 a 2015) em Curvelo, Minas Gerais. O inventário florestal considerou amostragens do tipo sistemática em 15 unidades amostrais de 20 × 50 metros no cerrado stricto sensu (CSS), 10 unidades amostrais 20 × 50m no cerradão (CD), CAS ≥ 15,7cm) e 25 unidades amostrais de 10 × 40m na floresta estacional semidecidual (FES - CAP ≥ 15,7 cm). Amostras de solo foram coletadas em todas as unidades amostrais para caracterização química e granulométrica. Nas três fitofisionomias, o número de indivíduos ingressantes foi inferior ao de egressos. No CSS, a área basal no inventário final foi superior à área basal inicial (23,675 – 25,845m2/ha), devido ao incremento expressivo dos sobreviventes. Ocorreram reduções na área basal no CD (19,322 – 17,008 m2/ha) e na FES (28,183 – 28,148 m2/ha), decorrente da alta taxa de mortalidade. Nas três fitofisionomias, a mortalidade foi maior nas primeiras classes diamétricas. De forma lenta, o CSS e CD estão se recuperando pós-distúrbio (fogo), estão surgindo novos indivíduos (recrutas) e crescimento diamétrico dos sobreviventes. Durante o intervalo de 5 anos, não foi possível identificar a recuperação do número de indivíduos, enquanto que a FES sem distúrbio do fogo, a perda de indivíduos pela mortalidade e a inclusão de novos indivíduos pelo recrutamento foram mais equilibradas.
Checklist of jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Psyllidae) from Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Barreto Marliton Rocha , Queiroz Dalva Luiz de , Burckhardt Daniel , Foerster Luis Amilton
Published: September 2020

Os psilídeos são insetos pequenos que se alimentam do floema e se caracterizam por apresentarem uma pequena faixa de plantas hospedeiras em que se desenvolvem. Este trabalho teve como objetivo prospectar e identificar insetos da superfamília de Psylloidea que ocorrem associados a diferentes biomas no Mato Grosso e que resultou na coleta de 29 gêneros descritos, com 24 espécies identificadas. O Cerrado foi o bioma que apresentou a maior diversidade, seguido pela Amazônia e Pantanal. Comparando com a última lista de psilídeos publicada para o Brasil, em 2012, este artigo contribuiu significativamente para o aumento do conhecimento da biodiversidade de Mato Grosso. Além das espécies registradas para o Mato Grosso (Diaphorina citri, Heteropsylla caldwelli, Pseudophacopteron longicaudatum, Tainarys myracrodruie Trioza struthanthi), também apresentamos novos registros para outros estados brasileiros: Isogonoceraia divergipennis– no Maranhão, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro e Santa Catarina; Heteropsylla caldwelli – em Goiás e São Paulo; Euphalerus clitoriae – no Ceará, Goiás, Pará, Paraná e Santa Catarina; Trioza tabebuiae – em Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Santa Catarina; e Trioza struthanthi em São Paulo.
Fostering Middle School Teachers’ Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching via Analysis of Tasks and Student Work
Authors: Özgün-Koca S. Asli , Lewis, Jennifer M. , Edwards Thomas
Published: September 2020

Mathematical knowledge for teaching is a complex web of knowledge domains. In this article, we share findings from an 18-month professional development project that aimed to improve middle school mathematics teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) of proportional reasoning by focusing on the critical analysis of mathematical tasks and student work. Although multiple studies have shown that professional development can contribute to teachers’ MKT globally, little is known about how this knowledge grows and how specific domains of MKT can be targeted through professional development. Findings in this study show how professional development positively influenced participants’ knowledge of content and teaching and knowledge of content and students, two domains of MKT, through teachers’ twinned analyses of tasks and student work in proportional reasoning.
Exploring Real Numbers as Rational Number Sequences With Prospective Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Belin Mervenur , Karagöz Akar Gülseren
Published: September 2020

The understandings prospective mathematics teachers develop by focusing on quantities and quantitative relationships within real numbers have the potential for enhancing their future students’ understanding of real numbers. In this article, we propose an instructional sequence that addresses quantitative relationships for the construction of real numbers as rational number sequences. We found that the instructional sequence enhanced prospective teachers’ understanding of real numbers by considering them as quantities and explaining them by using rational number sequences. In particular, results showed that prospective teachers reasoned about fractions and decimal representations of rational numbers using long division, the division algorithm, and diagrams. This further prompted their reasoning with decimal representations of rational and irrational numbers as rational number sequences, which leads to authentic construction of real numbers. Enacting the instructional sequence provides lenses for mathematics teacher educators to notice and eliminate difficulties of their students while developing relationships among multiple representations of real numbers.
Promoción de la participación ciudadana para difundir propuestas legislativas online en el Perú: El caso de la plataforma virtual ¡Legisla, peruano!
Authors: Gonzales-García Carlos Ricardo , Villegas Arteaga Janeth , Amoretti Aliaga Bruno David
Published: September 2020

En la sociedad red, de la información y el conocimiento, las personas podrían participar activamente en política si contaran con los medios y las herramientas necesarias para hacer uso de sus derechos ciudadanos. Esta investigación se aproxima al uso de tecnologías de Internet, a través de la creación de plataformas virtuales, con el objetivo de evaluar su funcionalidad como medio de acercamiento entre ciudadanos y políticos. Al respecto, se toma como caso de estudio el proyecto universitario del curso de Marketing Político, perteneciente al programa de estudios de la Escuela de Comunicación Social de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, ¡Legisla, peruano!, el cual se originó en medio del contexto de crisis política que atravesó el Perú en el segundo semestre de 2019 cuando el presidente Martín Vizcarra dispuso la disolución del Congreso de la República y la convocatoria a elecciones parlamentarias extraordinarias en enero de 2020. La relevancia de este trabajo reside en que no existen estudios sobre propuestas de participación ciudadana al margen de los canales establecidos por los propios gobiernos. Los resultados revelan que, a través de una plataforma web no gubernamental, es posible informar a los ciudadanos sobre procesos legislativos para que así estos, de acuerdo a sus necesidades e intereses, puedan participar en la presentación de sus iniciativas de ley. Asimismo, en este artículo se exponen las estrategias de difusión empleadas para posicionar la plataforma y así generar interacción.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TOOL FOR DYNA JOURNAL
Authors: GOTI ELORDI AITOR , DE LA CALLE VICENTE ALBERTO , OYARBIDE ZUBILLAGA AITOR , ALBERDI CELAYA ELISABETE , TORRES FUENTES BORJA , UNANUE TELLERIA IRATI , GARCIA BRINGAS PABLO , BACIGALUPE GUTIERREZ ANDER
Published: September 2020

Business Intelligence (BI) systems permit the access to and the analysis of the information to improve - optimize decision making processes in both agility and performance. This article presents the process of implementing a BI for the DYNA Magazine. This implementation responds to the interest of the journal to increase its impact factor (IF or Impact Factor) in the main impact lists of scientific journals. The tool developed allows the identification of top priority areas, fields, authors, reviewers, etc. and favors the support of decision-making when accepting or rejecting jobs, estimating the impact that they may have, selecting topics, etc.

Keywords: Business Intelligence, Scientometrics, Improvement of Journal Impact Factor
Extensive and spatially variable within-cell-type heterogeneity across the basolateral amygdala
Authors: O'Leary Timothy P , Sullivan Kaitlin E , Wang Lihua , Clements Jody , Lemire Andrew L , Cembrowski Mark S
Published: September 2020

The basolateral amygdala complex (BLA), extensively connected with both local amygdalar nuclei as well as long-range circuits, is involved in a diverse array of functional roles. Understanding the mechanisms of such functional diversity will be greatly informed by understanding the cell-type-specific landscape of the BLA. Here, beginning with single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified both discrete and graded continuous gene-expression differences within the mouse BLA. Via in situ hybridization, we next mapped this discrete transcriptomic heterogeneity onto a sharp spatial border between the basal and lateral amygdala nuclei, and identified continuous spatial gene-expression gradients within each of these regions. These discrete and continuous spatial transformations of transcriptomic cell-type identity were recapitulated by local morphology as well as long-range connectivity. Thus, BLA excitatory neurons are a highly heterogenous collection of neurons that spatially covary in molecular, cellular, and circuit properties. This heterogeneity likely drives pronounced spatial variation in BLA computation and function.
Growing straight through walls
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Subramanian , Kessler Sharon A
Published: September 2020

The pollen tube in a flowering plant grows in a direction that is influenced by the mechanical properties of the stigma papillae and the organization of structures called cortical microtubules inside these cells.
The influence of thermal treatments on the secondary structure of silk fibroin scaffolds and their interaction with fibroblasts
Authors: Hashimoto Tomoko , Nakamura Yuka , Tamada Yasushi , Kurosu Hiromichi , Kameda Tsunenori
Published: September 2020

Background

Recently, silk fibroin-based biomaterials have received attention for application in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. The usefulness of heat sterilization methods for silk fibroin-based biomaterials was investigated in this study as all biomaterials are required to undergo a sterilization process when they are used in medical devices.

Methods

The influence of wet and dry heating on the properties of fibroin molecules in silk fibroin sponges was investigated by measurements of solid-state 13C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses, strength tests, and cell proliferation/migration assays.

Results

13C CP/MAS NMR spectra of wet-heated sponges revealed no changes in the molecular structure below 50 °C. However, above 60 °C, the crystalline structure of the silk proteins transitioned from silk I to silk II; the silk II:silk I ratio increased with temperature. In contrast, dry heating (below 190 °C for up to 180 min) induced no structural changes in the fibroin molecules. These results indicate that, although autoclave sterilization (121 °C for 20 min) induces structural changes in silk fibroin sponges, no such changes are observed with the dry-heat sterilization (180 °C for 30 min). Sterilized sponges with a silk I structure can be obtained using dry-heat method during sterilization. Moreover, the structural differences between the wet- and dry-heated silk fibroin sponges did not influence their interaction with fibroblasts.

Discussion

This study indicates that both autoclaving and dry heating are acceptable sterilization methods for silk fibroin-based sponges as the scaffold. In particular, dry heating maintains the stability of the secondary structure of the sterilized silk fibroin-based biomaterials.
Range reduction of Oblong Rocksnail,Leptoxis compacta, shapes riverscape genetic patterns
Authors: Wright Aaliyah D. , Garrison Nicole L. , Williams Ashantye’ S. , Johnson Paul D. , Whelan Nathan V.
Published: September 2020

Many freshwater gastropod species face extinction, including 79% of species in the family Pleuroceridae. The Oblong Rocksnail,Leptoxis compacta, is a narrow range endemic pleurocerid from the Cahaba River basin in central Alabama that has seen rapid range contraction in the last 100 years. Such a decline is expected to negatively affect genetic diversity in the species. However, precise patterns of genetic variation and gene flow across the restricted range ofL. compactaare unknown. This lack of information limits our understanding of human impacts on the Cahaba River system and Pleuroceridae. Here, we show thatL. compactahas likely seen a species-wide decline in genetic diversity, but remaining populations have relatively high genetic diversity. We also report a contemporary range extension compared to the last published survey. Our findings indicate that historical range contraction has resulted in the absence of common genetic patterns seen in many riverine taxa like isolation by distance as the small distribution ofL. compactaallows for relatively unrestricted gene flow across its remaining range despite limited dispersal abilities. Two collection sites had higher genetic diversity than others, and broodstock sites for future captive propagation and reintroduction efforts should utilize sites identified here as having the highest genetic diversity. Broadly, our results support the hypothesis that range contraction will result in the reduction of species-wide genetic diversity, and common riverscape genetic patterns cannot be assumed to be present in species facing extinction risk.
Agency Cost and Credit Risk Management: Empirical Evidence from Listed Commercial Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Ayunku Peter E. , Uzochukwu Akwarandu
Published: September 2020

This study explores the relationship between agency cost and credit risk of quoted commercial banks in Nigeria. Five hypotheses were formulated following the dependent variable of credit risk which we proxy as non-performing loan. The independent variables employed for this study include agency cost, profitability, income diversification, corporate governance and firm leverage. This study is based on ex-post facto research design and made use of panel data set collected from twelve (12) quoted commercial banks within thirteen years of 2007 and 2019 financial year.  We analyzed the data set using a random effect regression analysis. The result showed that agency cost which is measured as managerial inefficiency is strongly and positively related to the non-performing loan of commercial banks in Nigeria during the period under investigation. However, in light of the obtained result, we recommend that bank managers in Nigeria should take a keen look at the activities that make up agency cost. Hence, they should consider new policies that will lower the size of its agency cost to reduce the level of nonperforming loans which will ultimately create room for greater profit.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Based on Agro-Morphological Traits
Authors: Mohanty Tushar Arun , Singh Umesh Kumar , Singh Satish Kumar , Singh Digvijay , Kushwaha Nitesh
Published: September 2020

Genetic divergence among parents is of paramount importance in selecting them for hybridization programme for crop improvement. Genetic divergence was assessed among 30 sesame genotypes which were evaluated in RBD with an objective to classify and understand the nature and magnitude of genetic diversity with regard to grain yield, yield components and quality traits using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The genotypes differed significantly regarding the characters studied and displayed marked divergence and were grouped into four clusters following Tocher’s method. Cluster I had twenty-seven genotypes while the Cluster II, cluster III and cluster IV were monogenotypic comprised only one genotype each. The oil content exhibited maximum contribution towards divergence. The  maximum inter  cluster  distance  was  recorded  between  cluster  III  and  IV (2717.76) followed by cluster I and IV (1760.59), cluster II and III (991.96), cluster I and II (695.67), cluster I and III (637.32) and cluster II and IV (584.59) indicating the chances of getting high yielding recombinants would be better if the crosses are made among the genotypes of these groups under timely sown condition. The genotypes in cluster III and cluster IV, due to maximum inter cluster distance between them, exhibited high degree of genetic diversity and thus may be utilized under inter varietal hybridization programme (transgressive breeding) for getting high yielding recombinants. The analysis of divergence indicated significant differences among parental lines for all the agro-morphological characters. Based on results obtained in the present investigation, it is concluded that the allelic diversity can be used for future breeding program. The traits under study are largely associated with each other and should be taken into consideration either simultaneously or alone for selecting a high yielding sesame genotype.
Corchorus olitorius Extract Attenuate Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Injury via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, Arrhythmia and Pro-Apoptotic Protein Bax Expression
Authors: Alabi Babatunde Adebola , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Oyagbemi Ademola , Emmanuel Ileri-Oluwa Busayo , Adedapo Adeolu , Fagbemi Oluwole , Iwalewa Olugbenga
Published: September 2020

Background and Aim: Corchorus olitorius (CO) leaf was reported to possess abundant antioxidants and used in the traditional treatment of heart disease. Previous studies revealed the protective roles of antioxidants against oxidative stress and inflammation, which are important underlying pathogenesis of myocardial injury that leads to infarction and heart failure. Therefore, CO leaf was chosen to evaluate its cardio-protective effects against ischemic-induced myocardial injury.

Materials and Methods: Thirty male rats (Wistar strains) were divided into five groups (n = 6): normal control group, myocardial injury control group, pretreatment groups (250 and 500 mg/kg), positive control group (10 mg/kg enalapril). After pre-treatment of rats with ethanol leaf extract of CO for 19 days, Isoprenaline (100 mg/kg) administration induced acute myocardial injury and parameters like blood pressure, electrocardiogram, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants were assessed and tissue subjected to histological evaluations.

Results: Isoproterenol given through subcutaneous significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood pressure and electrocardiography showed reduced p-interval and prolongation of QRS-interval in rats.               The extract significantly increased the blood pressure and p-interval, QRS-interval were significantly reduced. The significant increase in tissue malondialdehyde, serum         myeloperoxidase, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase and expression of Bax in the infarction control rats was decreased (p<0.05) in pre-treatment rats. Pre-treatment also increased glutathione-s-transferase, reduced glutathione and non-protein thiol level significantly. In contrast to cardio-injury control, histology showed mild level of inflammation and fatty infiltration in pre-treated rats.

Conclusion: This study showed the protective role of ethanol extract of CO against myocardial injury through anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-arrhythmic effect.
Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders as an Occupational Hazard among Periodontists in India – A Questionnaire Based Survey
Authors: Ketkar Gaurav N. , Malaiappan Sankari
Published: September 2020

Ergonomics can be defined as a discipline that studies workers and their relationship to their occupational environment. To prevent musculoskeletal disorders which can develop over time and can lead to long-term disability proper ergonomic design is necessary. Periodontal work covers most of the areas in the oral cavity including distal aspects of posterior teeth which are difficult to approach. Hence preventing work related strain was of greater significance in ensuring long term successful practice as a periodontists. The purpose of this survey was to assess the knowledge attitude and practice of ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders as an occupational hazard in periodontists in India .A survey was conducted among 150 periodontists in India in which 120 periodontists responded. The survey was distributed through questionnaire printouts and electronic media. The data was collected, analysed and interpreted. The results suggested that 85% of the periodontists had adequate knowledge and attitude towards ergonomics, however the practical application was not as satisfactory. This survey concludes that the knowledge and attitude of periodontists in India regarding ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders as an occupational hazard is good overall, but the practice is needs some improvement.
Molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of ROS1‐rearranged non‐small‐cell lung cancers identified by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Cui Meiying , Han Yuchen , Li Pan , Zhang Jianying , Ou Qiuxiang , Tong Xiaoling , Zhao Ruiying , Dong Nan , Wu Xue , Li Wencai , Jiang Guozhong
Published: September 2020

ROS1 gene rearrangements have been reported in diverse cancer types including non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and with a notably higher prevalence in lung adenocarcinoma. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors, crizotinib, lorlatinib, and entrectinib, have demonstrated favorable efficacy in treating ROS1‐rearranged NSCLCs. Herein, we retrospectively reviewed 17 158 NSCLC patients whose tumor specimen and/or circulating cell‐free DNA underwent comprehensive genomic profiling. A total of 258 unique patients were identified with ROS1 rearrangements, representing an overall prevalence of approximately 1.5% of ROS1 fusions in newly diagnosed and relapsed NSCLC patients. CD74 (38%) was the most common fusion partner of ROS1, followed by EZR (13%), SDC4 (13%), SLC34A2 (10%), and other recurrent fusion partners with lower frequencies, including TPM3, MYH9, and CCDC6. Variant breakpoints occurred in ROS1 introns 33 (37%), 31 (25%), 32 (17%), and 34 (11%) with no obvious hotspots. CD74 (63%) and EZR (50%) were more frequently fused to ROS1 intron 33 than other introns, while ROS1 intron 31 was most frequently fused with SDC4 (79%) and SLC34A2 (81%). Crizotinib progression‐free survival (PFS) was not significantly different between fusion variants involving breakpoints in different ROS1 introns, nor was there a significant difference in PFS between CD74‐ROS1 and non‐CD74‐ROS1 groups of patients. Furthermore, TP53 was most frequently mutated in patients who progressed on crizotinib, and TP53 mutations were significantly associated with shorter crizotinib PFS. ROS1 mutations, including G2032R, were observed in approximately 33% of post‐crizotinib samples. Collectively, we report the prevalence of ROS1 fusions in a large‐scale NSCLC population and the efficacy of crizotinib in treating patients with ROS1‐rearranged NSCLC.
Impactful Disruption: Gathered Thoughts of a Distracted Mind
Authors: Alonso Hernán Díaz
Published: September 2020

Los Angeles architectural iconoclast Hernán Díaz Alonso, director of SCIArc and founder of HDA‐X, conceives of the architectural profession as needing to constantly push the boundaries of form and space. It should forever be re‐examining and disrupting itself. Here he uses the shoe industry as a microcosm for this process of re‐evaluation and conceptual crossover.
The Mega‐Void: Unleashing the Communicative Impact of Tall Buildings
Authors: Schumacher Patrik
Published: September 2020

On a whistle‐stop tour of some of Zaha Hadid Architects’ skyscrapers around the world, principal Patrik Schumacher describes how the typology and philosophy behind high‐rise towers needs to change. Currently most towers have segmented, separated, sealed, blind‐to‐one‐another floors. He argues for an architecture that, like cathedrals, takes the viewer's mind soaring upwards, urges designers to encourage roaming, and speculates on the emergence of ‘interior urbanism’ in respect to these buildings.