bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of best gene pool combination of the basis of heterotic response analysis for grain yield and its contributing traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar Sonu , Chauhan M. P. , Tomar Amit
Published: September 2020

The results were indicated that, out of sixty crosses, the most desirable five crosses showing high significant positive heterosis over better parent for grain yield per plant were IR 79156A X NDR 370132 (72.19%), IR 68888A X NDR 370132 (66.69%), IR 68897A X NDR 370131 (43.33%), IR 58025A X CR 2499 (40.71%) and IR 79156A X NDR 2701 (35.80%). Eighteen crosses showed positive and significant heterosis over standard variety and the best five crosses among them were IR 58025A X NDR 1127 (20.78%), IR 79156A X IR 27723 (14.87%), IR 68888A X IR 27723 (14.81%), IR 58025A X Sugandha 5 (12.84%) and IR 68897A X NDR 2701 (12.46%). The cross, IR 58025A X NDR 1127, showed highest mean performance (28.70g), heterobeltiosis (22.48%) and standard heterosis (20.78%) for grain yield per plant while highest yielding parent, NDR-359, produced mean grain yield 23.78 g.
In vitro inhibitory effect of herbal organic formulations on mycelial growth of Pea wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Chanu W. Tampakleima , Sinha Bireswar , Chakrapani Kota
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to determine inhibitory activities of three herbal organic formulations (fungidote, viridote, and bacteridote) on in vitro growth of Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt of a pea in Manipur. In vitro results showed that these formulations inhibited the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum in a dose-dependent manner. Fungidote was found to be the most in reducing mycelial growth compared to the other two formulations at different concentrations. These results underpin that formulations could be used in eco-friendly disease management of Fusarium wilt of a pea.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in cattle and buffalo in Samastipur district of Bihar
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Asthana R. K. , Ram P. K. , Kumar Manoj
Published: September 2020

A total of 366 faecal samples including 225 cattle and 141 buffalo of different age groups were randomly collected and analyzed for presence of gastrointestinal helminthes parasites from five different blocks on both sides of Burhi Gandak River in Samastipur district of Bihar in 2015-16. Among cattle 115 (51.11 %) and among buffalo 88 (62.40%) samples were found positive for different species of gastrointestinal helminthes. The prevalence of trematodes, nematodes and cestodes in cattle were 44, 6 and 8 percent, respectively and in buffalo were 35, 18 and 15 percent, respectively. Mixed infection in cattle and buffalo faecal samples was 6.8% and 5.6%, respectively. 4.40 % cattle and 6.60 % buffalo were severely affected, in which egg count per gram was more than 1600. In 1-90 days age group calves 65.6 % cattle and 90.47 % buffalo were positive.
Utilization of indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) for their beneficial effect on growth of Sugarcane
Authors: Shastri Beenu , Kumar Rajesh , Lal Ram Ji
Published: September 2020

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) occupies an important position among the various commercial crops of India. It is the second most important agro-industrial crop, next only to cotton in the country. Among the various approaches, use of microorganisms is one of the crucial approaches for enhancement of crop production. In recent years, endophytic bacteria are gaining much attention towards the sustainable management of the agricultural crops. They not only help in the plant growth but also in alleviating the various stresses due to their multi-faceted role. In current study, two endophytic bacteria i.e. B. cereus (strain S8) and B. subtilis (strain S 17) isolated from the sugarcane root and stalk were evaluated for their plant growth promotion activity in vitro and as well as in vivo. Data indicated that the percentage germination was higher in B. cereus (S8) over B. subtilis (S 17) treated setts when observed after 45 days of planting. Various growth parameters viz., cane height, weight, number of shoots and internodes were also increased in the presence of endophytic bacterial inoculation over uninoculated control. Thus, it is concluded that sett treatment with indigenous endophytic bacteria (Bacillus spp.) can be exploited for enhancing cane yield and productivity in sugarcane culture.
A study on improvement needs for the soil water balance
Authors: Gayar Attia El
Published: September 2020

One critical problem confronting mankind today is how to manage the intensifying competition for water among expanding urban centres, traditional agricultural activities and in-stream water uses dictated by environmental concerns based solely on the soil water balance. In the agricultural sector, the prospects of increasing the gross cultivated area are limited by the dwindling number of economically attractive sites for large-scale irrigation and drainage systems whose correct evaluation depends on the understanding of groundwater movement in three dimensions. The failure of present systems, and inability of sustainable extraction from surface and groundwater sources may be attributed, essentially, to poor planning, design, management and development, as not much is known about groundwater flow systems. Each flow system has different chemical quality, path of travel, recharge area, as well as water age. To take full advantage of investment in agriculture, a major effort is required to modernize irrigation and drainage systems and to further develop appropriate management strategies compatible with financial and socio-economic trends, considering the functioning of groundwater components in the environment. This calls for a holistic approach to irrigation, drainage management, and monitoring if the aim is to increase food production, conserve water, prevent soil salinization and water logging, and to protect the environment. Sustainable development should be based on a full understanding of the relationship between the used water source and the environment. To tackle this challenge, there is a need to focus on the following issues: affordability with respect to the application of new technologies; procedures for integrated planning and management of irrigation and drainage systems; analysis to identify causes and effects constraining irrigation and drainage system performance; evapotranspiration and related calculation methods; estimation of crop water requirements; technologies for the design, construction, and modernization of irrigation and drainage systems; strategies to improve irrigation and drainage system efficiency; environmental impacts of irrigation and drainage systems and suitable measures for creating and maintaining sustainability. Institutional strengthening, proper financial assessment, capacity building, training and education actions are also required to achieve a successful on the soil water balance.
Robust Multi-Area Economic Dispatch Using Coulomb’s and Franklin’s Laws Based Optimizer
Authors: Vadugapalayam Ponnuvel Sakthivel  , Murugesan Suman  , Palanigounder Duraisamy Sathya
Published: September 2020

The multi-area economic load dispatch (MAELD) can reduce running costs through making the areas with more cost-effective units produce more energy.  The excess power is transferred to the areas with expensive units. This paper contributes a new physics inspired metaheuristic approach called the Coulomb’s and Franklin’s laws based optimizer (CFLBO) to solve the MAELD problem. The CFLBO approach is developed from Coulomb’s and Franklin’s theories, which comprise attraction/repulsion, probabilistic ionization, and contact stages. The effectiveness of the envisaged CFLBO approach has been examined on three standard test systems with various areas. Results obtained by the CFLBO approach are compared with the exchange market algorithm (EMA) and the existing state-of-the-art approaches to deal with MAELD. Numerical outcomes show the benefits of the quick convergence and better quality of the suggested approach compared to existing strategies. Consequently, the proposed approach is a helpful tool for generation planning in MAELD problems.
Smart Dust Bin for Waste Management
Authors: M Patel Nyamatulla , Nander Balesh , Patil Sankalp
Published: September 2020

In recent decades Urbanization is increased tremendously. At the same phase there is an increase in waste production. These days managing the waste has become very important issue to be considered for keeping the city clean. The system is built on Arduino board which is connected with GSM modem and Ultrasonic sensor for waste management. The smart waste bin can be used to keep the city clean. The system is built such that it can measure the weight and amount waste in bin, also adapt with network environment, to manage all information from waste management to the municipality so that we can keep the city clean.
Real-Time Scene Text Detection Using Deblurring Technique
Authors: T Sudheer Kumar , Kollipara Naga Venkateshwara Rao
Published: September 2020

In this paper we present another scene text identification calculation dependent on two AI classifiers: one permits us to produce up-and-comer word areas and different sift through non text ones. To be exact, we remove associated parts (CCs) in pictures by utilizing the maximally steady outside district calculation. These separated CCs are apportioned into bunches so we can produce up-and-comer districts. Dissimilar to customary techniques depending on heuristic principles in grouping, we train an AdaBoost classifier that decides the nearness relationship and bunch CCs by utilizing their pair astute relations. At that point we standardize applicant word districts and decide if every locale contains text or not. Since the scale, slant, and shade of every applicant can be evaluated from CCs, we build up a book/non text classifier for standardized pictures. This classifier depends on multilayer perceptron's and we can control review and exactness rates with a solitary free boundary. At long last, we stretch out our way to deal with abuse multichannel data.
ENHANCHING SECURITY FOR MANETs USING DISCRETE KEY GENERATIONS
Authors: H ATEEQ AHMED , K SAMSON PAUL , B HARISH KUMAR REDDY
Published: September 2020

Mobile Ad Hoc is a network connection method which is most often associated with wireless devices. The connection is established for the duration of one session and requires no base station. Instead, devices discover others within range to form a network for those computers. These networks often suffer with a problem of Malicious attacks from different types of attackers. Many attacks which often occur are based on the principle of Authentication, Confidentiality & Integrity. MANETs tends to be very prone to complex types of attacks as it is very easy for the attacker to gain control on it due to its inadequate Security mechanism. In this paper, a proposed scheme is narrated which will further strengthens the Mechanism of Security. Instead of using a Unique key, Discrete keys are used for Encryption & Decryption mechanisms.
Voltage Source Inverter based Static Synchronous Compensator
Authors: PV Kishore , G Ranga Purushotham , P Parthasaradhy
Published: September 2020

Distribution static synchronous compensator is used to reduce the losses and improvement of voltage regulation in Multi Bus systems.The DSSC introduces a current into the system to lower the losses. The DSSC can enhance the reliability and quality in power flow of a less voltage distribution network. A DSSC is one of the new generation FACTSdevices with a promising feature of applications in power system.
This work deals with the modeling and simulation of 50 Bus systems with Distribution static synchronous compensator and the voltage sag is created by involving a heavy load. The sag is mitigated with Distribution static synchronous compensator.
DONBETTYR:THE ANCIENT NAME OF THE ANCIENT DEITY
Authors: Гутиева Э.Т.
Published: September 2020

Теоним Донбеттыр, имя водного божества осетинского нартовского эпоса, традиционно считается примером ономастической христианизации, присвоением языческому богу имени христианского святого. В работе рассматривается гипотеза В.И. Абаева о переименовании древнего божества осетинского нартовского пантеона в честь Апостола Петра. Предлагаемые в работе альтернативные этимологии свидетельствуют не только об архаичности самого образа божества, но и позволяют полагать архаичность его имени. Постпозитивный элемент теонима *Беттыр интерпретируется через общеиндоевропейский корень со значением «отец». Главными аргументами в поддержку такого подхода можно считать высокопрецедентный характер элемента со значением «отец, родитель» среди именований божественных сущностей и фонетическое сходство между элементами. Благодаря маркированности элементом *pəter- многие верховные боги индоевропейцев оказываются связанными в одно этимологическое гнездо. Такой подход позволяет допускать ономастические связи Донбеттыра с олимпийскими богами, с верховным римским богом. Дальнейшего исследования требует презумпция о возможной фоссилизации в имени представителя нартовского пантеона протоиндоевропейской формулы, обозначавшей верховного бога и сохраненной в других древнейших эпических системах индоевропейских народов. Важным представляется рассмотрение теонимов других эпических систем, агиографической литературы, особенно в части эпитетов святых, анализ ряда этнонимов.

Theonym Donbettyr, the name of the water deity of the Ossetian Nart epic, is traditionally considered an example of onomastic Christianization, assigning the name of a Christian Saint to a pagan God. The paper considers the hypothesis of V. I. Abaev about renaming the ancient God in honor of the Apostle Peter. The alternative etymologies proposed in this work indicate not only the archaic nature of the image of the deity, but also allow us to assume the archaic nature of his name also. The postpositive element of the theonym *Bettyr is interpreted through a common Indo-European root with the meaning "father". The main arguments in support of this approach can be considered the high-frequency character of the element with the meaning "father, parent" among the names of divine entities and the phonetic similarity between the elements. Marked with the element * pəter-many of the Supreme gods of the Indo-Europeans are connected in one etymological nest. This approach allows to suggest the onomastic connection of Donbettyr with the Olympic gods, with the Supreme Roman God. The presumption about the possible fossilization in the name of the representative of the Nart Pantheon of the proto-Indo-European formula requires Further research. The formula denoted the Supreme God and was preserved in other ancient epic systems of the Indo-European peoples. It is important to review the theonyms of different epic systems, hagiographic literature, especially in terms of epithets of saints, to research related ethnonyms.
La monoparentalitat suposa un risc pel rendiment escolar dels fills?
Authors: Boertien Diederik
Published: September 2020

Els pares segueixen diferents estratègies per garantir un bon futur pels seus fills. Inverteixen en les seves habilitats, educació, normes i valors. Hi ha estratègies que impliquen temps, com escollir una escola o llegir contes als nens. Altres, en canvi, requereixen que els pares tinguin diners, com les classes extraescolars o viure en un “bon barri”. Els progenitors que conviuen, sovint poden ajudar-se mútuament, mentre que fer totes aquestes inversions pot resultar més difícil pel progenitor d’una familia monoparental. Hauríem doncs de preocupar-nos per les oportunitats que tindran els seus fills? I pels fills que viuen en famílies monoparentals de nivells socioeconòmics més baixos? I, en cas afirmatiu, què hi podem fer? Ens proposem respondre a aquestes preguntes en relació a Espanya, país on les famílies monoparentals femenines són cada vegada més habituals. En primer lloc, utilitzem les dades del Cens per documentar l’augment de les famílies monoparentals femenines i veiem que, el 1991 el 6% dels menors vivien en una família monoparental d’aquest tipus, mentre que el 2011 aquest percentatge ha crescut fins el 15%. A continuació estudiem les dades del projecte PISA de l’OCDE per analitzar les aptituds en matemàtiques dels nens que viuen en famílies monoparentals. Tot i que les puntuacions d’aquest grup són lleugerament inferiors als resultats dels que viuen amb dos progenitors, aquestes diferències són molt poc rellevants quan s’examinen més detalladament. Pensem que, si volem fomentar la igualtat d’oportunitats, no hem de centrar-nos en l’estructura familiar sinó en altres fonts de desigualtat d’oportunitats, com el nivell d’ingressos, el barri on viuen i el col·legi.
El fracàs escolar dels descendents de la immigració a catalunya: més que una assignatura pendent
Authors: Bayona Jordi , Domingo Andreu
Published: September 2020

Els descendents dels immigrats internacionals i la seva integració social han de ser un dels objectius prioritaris per a la construcció de la cohesió social. No obstant, les dades estadístiques disponibles són poques, fragmentàries i clarament insuficients. En aquest número del Perspectives Demogràfiques presentem el perfil demogràfic dels descendents dels immigrats, la seva relació amb la immigració, la diversitat, la distribució territorial i el rendiment escolar, com a eina per a lluitar contra la desigualtat i la discriminació d’un grup poblacional que en el futur proper pot representar més de la quarta part dels joves residents a Catalunya. Els resultats provenen de la recerca efectuada per a la Secretaria d’Igualtat, Migracions i Ciutadania “Resultats escolars, migració i territori. Catalunya, 2011-2016”, i han estat possibles gràcies a l’enllaç entre les dades del Departament d’Ensenyament de la Generalitat de Catalunya dels alumnes del curs 2015-16 i el Registre Estadístic de la Població, realitzada per l’Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya (Idescat).
La sostenibilitat demogràfica de l’Espanya buida
Authors: Recaño Joaquín
Published: September 2020

El 60 per cent dels municipis espanyols tenia a 1 de gener de 2016, menys de 1.001 habitants, ocupava el 40 per cent de la superfície i amb prou feines concentrava el 3,1 per cent de la població. Les dades d’ Eurostat referents a 2015, situaven a 19 províncies espanyoles entre les menys denses de la Unió Europea. Aquest notable desequilibri entre població i territori constitueix el problema fonamental d’una vasta superfície del centre i nord peninsular, caracteritzada per l’envelliment, una relativa escassetat de dones producte d’una forta emigració diferencial per sexes, i una immigració de pas que no ha pogut tancar les pèrdues demogràfiques que afecten aquests llocs des de mitjan segle XX. La sostenibilitat demogràfica d’aquest conjunt heterogeni de municipis rurals penja d’un fil i planteja un repte demogràfic de primer ordre que ha de tenir en compte, a l’hora d’aplicar polítiques públiques, la seva gran diversitat.
Does single parenthood put children’s school performance at risk?
Authors: Boertien Diederik
Published: September 2020

With a good future for their children in mind, parents follow several strategies to invest in their children’s skills, education, norms and values. Some strategies, such as choosing a school or reading to children, require time commitments. For other strategies parents need money. Examples of such expensive strategies are extra-curricular classes or living in a ‘good’ neighborhood. Investing in children is thus a time-consuming and expensive process. Whereas parents who live together can often assist each other in this task, making all these investments could be harder for single parents. Should we therefore be worried about their children’s opportunities in life? How about children living with single parents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds? And if so, what can be done about it? We aim to answer these questions for Spain here, where single motherhood has become increasingly more common. We first use Census data to document the rise in single motherhood and show that in 1991 6% of children lived with a single mother, but that by 2011 this percentage had risen to 15%. We subsequently look at data from the PISA project of the OECD to look at the mathematical abilities of children living with single parents. Even though children living with single parents have slightly lower mathematics scores than those who live with two parents, these differences appear substantively barely relevant upon closer inspection. We argue that if we want to equalize opportunities in Spain we should not focus on family structure, but rather on other sources of inequality of opportunity such as income, neighborhoods and schools
The continued increase of precariousness in working lives among young adults in Spain, 1987-2017
Authors: Lozano Mariona , Rentería Elisenda
Published: September 2020

Between the ages of 30 and 39, many people make important decisions for their lives, such as having children, getting married or settling down in long-term relationships. In Spain, the median age at first birth among women is 30.8, couples get married at 35 on average (35 years old among women and 37.7 among men), and sign a mortgage around 38. Therefore, from an aggregate point of view, all of society has something to win, or lose, depending on how their young adults do during these ages. However, evidence points to a consistent increase of precarious work over time and across generations, especially for women. Spain, together with Poland, recently recorded the highest percentage of temporary employment in Europe. Yet, no exact calculations on the duration of this type of work are available for Spain. This study aims to estimate the length of the time that Spaniards are expected to be engaged in temporary and insecure work during their thirties comparing 22 cohorts, given the importance of this age interval for our societies. We found that time spent in precarious employment doubled between 1987 and 2017 for men and women, and generations born in 1978 spent twice the time in insecure and temporary jobs than those born in 1957. More importantly, women are especially affected by these types of employment conditions, and higher education levels do not seem to protect them from lower quality jobs.
Alternative Standpoints on Poverty in Spain: A Question of Definition and Measure
Authors: Per Iñaki , Köksel Pinar
Published: September 2020

In 2010 the European Union (EU) presented the Europe 2020 Strategy, a set of measures aiming to deal with the adverse effects of the recent financial crisis and to strengthen the economies of the Eurozone. One of the stated priority objectives was the need to reduce by twenty million the number of people at risk of poverty and exclusion in the EU as a whole. In the case of Spain, this goal meant reducing the number of people living in poverty by 1.4 million between 2010 and 2020. To what extent are the poverty reduction goals set for Spain by 2020 now being met? This is the question we wish to answer in this issue of Perspectives Demogràfiques. Since we have recently passed the halfway point of the stipulated period, this would seem to be a good time to make a provisional appraisal of the progress made so far in order to analyse the prospects for success in the coming years. To this effect, we shall begin with a brief overview of the virtues and defects of the official measures presently being used to quantify poverty and then we shall propose an alternative. Although the new measure is as arbitrary as those already existing, it has the virtue of offering a complementary and, perhaps, more realistic perspective on the worrying processes of social exclusion which have recently been developing in Spain. The ways in which we define and measure social phenomena are supremely important, not only when attempting to portray and understand the world around us but, in particular, when seeking to modify or remedy it. In this regard, poverty is a paradigmatic example with a considerable impact on society and presence in the media after the onset of the cycle of economic recession in 2008. How has it evolved in recent years? Which sectors are most seriously affected? What might we expect in the future? If we take a different perspective from that of some unduly reassuring official measures which do not seem to take into account the major structural changes which are occurring in the Spanish economy, there are reasons for pessimism: children, foreigners and people without university education are among the sectors most affected by the ebb and flow of the present economic situation.
El fracaso escolar de los descendientes de la inmigración en Cataluña: más que una asignatura pendiente
Authors: Bayona Jordi , Domingo Andreu
Published: September 2020

La integración social de los descendientes de los inmigrantes internacionales tiene que ser uno de los objetivos prioritarios en la construcción de la cohesión social. Sin embargo, los datos estadísticos disponibles actualmente son limitados, fragmentados y claramente insuficientes. En este número del Perspectives Demogràfiques presentamos el perfil demográfico de los descendientes de los inmigrantes, su relación con la inmigración, la diversidad, la distribución territorial y el rendimiento escolar, como herramienta para luchar contra la desigualdad y la discriminación de un grupo poblacional que en el futuro próximo puede representar más de la cuarta parte de los jóvenes residentes en Cataluña. Los resultados provienen de la investigación efectuada para la Secretaria d’Igualtat, Migracions i Ciutadania “Resultats escolars, immigració i territori. Catalunya, 2011-2016”, y han sido posibles gracias al enlace entre los datos del Departament d’Ensenyament de la Generalitat de Catalunya de los alumnos del curso 2015-16 y el Registre Estadístic de la Població, realizado por el Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya (Idescat).
El imparable aumento de los años en precariedad laboral de los adultos jóvenes en España, 1987-2017
Authors: Lozano Mariona , Rentería Elisenda
Published: September 2020

Entre los 30 y los 39 años, muchos han de tomar algunas de las decisiones más importantes de sus vidas como, por ejemplo, tener hijos, casarse o establecerse en pareja de manera estable. En España, la edad media al primer hijo de las mujeres es de 30,8 años, la del matrimonio ronda los 35 (37,7 la de los hombres) y el perfil medio del firmante de una hipoteca tiene 38 años. Así pues, desde un punto de vista agregado, toda la sociedad puede ganar o perder mucho en función de cómo les vayan las cosas a los jóvenes de esta franja de edad, a los que llamaremos adultos jóvenes. Sin embargo, las cosas no parecen pintar bien para ellos. Todos los datos apuntan a un aumento constante de las formas de trabajo precarias, con una especial incidencia entre las generaciones femeninas. De hecho, España, junto con Polonia, lidera el porcentaje de contratación temporal en Europa. Con todo, no hay cálculos exactos de la duración de este tipo de empleo a lo largo de la vida. Este estudio estima cuánto tiempo pasaran los adultos jóvenes entre los 30 y los 39 años en condiciones de empleo precario comparando la vida laboral de 22 generaciones entre los años 1987 y 2017. Los resultados muestran que el tiempo en empleo precario se ha doblado y la primera generación observada, nacida en 1957, pasó la mitad de años en temporalidad e inseguridad contractual que la de 1978. Las mujeres se vieron especialmente afectadas por la expansión de estas condiciones y, además, el logro de altos niveles educativos no pareció protegerlas de la precariedad.
Designing With our Neighbors: the CULTIVA Case
Authors: Moreno Valle Paulina Cornejo
Published: September 2020

The paper seeks to contribute to the knowledge and research on how universities can use their resources to build bridges through design and social innovation with their surrounding communities. It is based on the case of the Social Design HUB of CENTRO University in Mexico City and its urban garden project CULTIVA, a joint initiative, based on transversal collaboration and the creation of shared value. The paper informs on the development of CULTIVA as an area for learning and social interaction in a neighborhood with a substantial decline in public space and community life, and shares findings related to participants pro-files, their perceptions and behavior about community life, and the effects of projects and collaborations based on mutual exchange. This work includes an analysis of the scope of the initiative based on The Social Design Pathways Tool.
De la forma al usuario: historia de un viaje líquido
Authors: Rodríguez Luna Jorge Jaime
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo se aborda teóricamente el cambio de enfoque en los objetivos del diseño como actividad productiva. Se aborda una primera etapa de diseño masivo que consideraba al usuario como una masa homogénea, para transitar hacia el diseño centrado en el usuario, pasando por la modernidad líquida de Zygmunt Bauman. Así, se concluye que el diseño centrado en el usuario que hoy conoce cierto auge alrededor del mundo, no implica una salida al fenómeno del consumismo exacerbado, sino que por el contrario, tiende a su reproducción.
Macrodatos y creatividad en la industria 4.0: un binomio expansivo
Authors: Quiñones Gómez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

La economía creativa refleja estilos de vida contemporáneos cada vez más asociados con las redes sociales, la innovación, la conectividad, el estatus, las marcas, las experiencias culturales y las co-creaciones. La creatividad implica un proceso generador de ideas y un acto selectivo para determinar cuáles son las mejores. El presente trabajo muestra cómo la combinación de fuentes del ámbito creativo, en conjunto con técnicas de análisis de grandes conjuntos de datos (big data), pueden contribuir a superar ciertas deficiencias metodológicas para la generación de productos, servicios o sistemas novedosos y de alta calidad.
En busca del factor D ¿Cómo innovan las startups peruanas?
Authors: Lazarte Aguirre Luz Andrea
Published: September 2020

El boom de los emprendimientos y la creación de nuevos productos están en el pico más alto de los últimos años en el Perú. Al respecto, la literatura destaca al cliente, colocado en el centro de un emprendimiento, como componente importante de su éxito, siendo su satisfacción una ventaja competitiva; así mismo, considera relevante aplicar ciertos aspectos del diseño, como el buen diseño de productos, la creación de una marca, las estrategias de comunicación hacia los diferentes públicos objetivos y la integración de estos, para su diferenciación en el mercado. El objetivo principal de la presente investigación fue reflexionar sobre cómo el diseño es un factor diferenciador en los emprendimientos peruanos innovadores, concluyendo que la aplicación de distintos aspectos del diseño facilita la diferenciación de los emprendimientos en el mercado y la obtención, o incremento, de su éxito, a través de la confianza, la lealtad y la satisfacción del cliente.
Evaluando métodos de diseño con el modelo FAROUT
Authors: Arroyo Barranco César Alfonso , Ramírez Ramírez Rodrigo , Niccolas Morales Heriberto
Published: September 2020

En el ámbito del diseño y el desarrollo de productos existen diversos métodos que ayudan a los equipos a realizar la adecuada toma de decisiones posterior al proceso creativo donde se generan las soluciones o alternativas que deberán ser evaluadas para encontrar la que mejor satisfaga las necesidades demandadas por los usuarios de un producto específico. De acuerdo con diversos documentos consultados y revisados en la literatura, se encontraron seis métodos de amplio uso para la evaluación y toma de decisiones. Posteriormente, se analizaron sus principales características para conocer sus alcances y limitaciones, y se realizó una comparación de los métodos obteniendo las conclusiones a partir del análisis comparativo. Para alcanzar tal objetivo del presente, se utilizó el sistema FAROUT propuesto por Fleisher y Bensoussan.
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV seroprevalence in pregnant women: Six years of experience.
Authors: KALE İbrahim , BAYIK Rahime , KAVAS Semra
Published: September 2020

Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pregnant women who presented to the pregnancy outpatient clinic at Umraniye Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, and to reveal the distribution of cases by year.
Material and method: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antigen-antibody (Anti-HBs), hepatitis C virus antibody (Anti-HCV), and HIV antibody (Anti-HIV) results from blood samples taken from pregnant women admitted to our hospital’s pregnancy outpatient clinic were retrospectively scanned. The results of the line immunoassay validation test performed on patients with Anti-HIV reactivity were obtained from hospital records.
Results: Anti-HBs values were examined in 11,263 pregnant women, and positive results were found in 3,898 (34.61%). HBsAg values were examined in 55,639 pregnant women, with positive results in 822 (1.48%). Anti-HCV values were examined in 47,990 pregnant women, and the results were positive in 159 (0.33%). Anti-HIV values were examined in 44,107 pregnant women, and the result was found to be reactive in 40 (0.09%). HIV infection was confirmed in 5 pregnant women (0.01%). The seropositivity rates by year between 2014 and 2019 were 26.16%, 28.94%, 32.20%, 34.82%, 39.66%, and 41.73% for Anti-HBs; 1.54%, 1.52%, 1.46%, 1.53%, 1.45%, and 1.36% for HBsAg; 0.25%, 0.40%, 0.32%, 0.39%, 0.29%, and 0.32% for Anti-HCV; and 0%, 0.07%, 0.13%, 0.07%, 0.15%, and 0.17% for Anti-HIV.
Conclusion: During the antenatal period, pregnant women should be screened for HBV, HCV and HIV. Early diagnosis and treatment of HCV and HIV in pregnancy is vital to prevent long-term complications of infections and to reduce the transmission from the mother to the infant.
The place of immunological factors in recurrent pregnancy loss and implantation failures
Authors: ÇOLAK Eser , ZEYNELOGLU Hulusi
Published: September 2020

Despite recent advances in assisted reproductive methods and treatments in sustaining fetal viability, recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurring pregnancy loss (RPL) still pose significant problems in the context of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Recent studies focused on the role of immunological factors in the etiology of RIF and RPL. They demonstrated that infertile patients might suffer from dysregulated immune system cell activities, including CD4+ T helper (Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tregs), peripheral natural killer (pNK), uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Researchers have investigated the use and efficacy of immunosuppressant drugs such as glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and TNF-α blockers in achieving successful implantation in infertile women but the efficacy of these treatments remains to be fully established. We conclude that, although the relationship between immunology and infertility is clear, there is still a long way to go to reach a thorough understanding.
THE REASON OF THE FIREWORK TYPE OF DEPTH EDUCATION IN PROCESSING THE DATA OF REMOTE SURFACES OF THE EARTH
Authors: Romanchuk M. P.
Published: September 2020

An important task in the processing of Earth remote sensing data is the automation of the decoding process of aerospace images, in particular the detection and recognition of objects in military decoding. In the article the directions of automation of decryption of photos are considered and promising from them is selected, which is based on the use of neural networks of deep learning, and also analyzed the technical problems that arise during the creation of algorithms and the deployment of trained models on a variety of mobile devices. The important role of deep-instruction software frameworks in the process of training of neural network models is aimed at facilitating development and deployment. The changes in the popularity of software frameworks in recent years have been analyzed and the need to analyze their dynamically changing capabilities has been analyzed. The most widely used software frameworks for the implementation of deep learning approaches, their advantages and disadvantages for solving tasks of thematic decryption on accessible computational resources are explored. The types of computational graphs, which use the software of deep learning, and programming languages, with the help of which it is allowed to create and deploy models of neural networks are considered. The analysis of the frameworks according to selected criteria was performed: distributed execution, architecture optimization, reflection of the learning process, joint support and portability. As a result, the software framework to be used in conducting research is highlighted, and the conclusion is drawn about the predominant framework for industrial use in the course of in-depth training of the neural network for the processing of Earth remote sensing data.
METHOD OF AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF THE CARRIER FREQUENCY OF SHORT-TIME FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING SIGNALS
Authors: Nahorniuk O. A.
Published: September 2020

Method for determination of the carrier frequency of short-time frequency-shift keying signals based on searching for dominant harmonics whose frequency difference is close to the subcarrier spacing frequency is proposed in the article. In telecommunication systems with burst transmissions, the symbol distribution law of the modulating sequence is not always uniform, which under a limited signal duration leads to an increase in the errors in determining the frequency-shift keying parameters. The increase in errors is due to distortion of the amplitude-frequency spectrum of the signal and a decrease in the probability of the correct identification of the subcarrier oscillations harmonics. To improve the accuracy of determining the carrier frequency proposed method uses a priori information about the value of the spacing frequency of the subcarrier oscillations and the multiplicity of frequency-shift keying. The developed approach consists in obtaining the amplitude-frequency spectrum of the signal, calculating the search threshold of dominant harmonics, determining their frequencies which correspond to subcarrier oscillations, and calculating the carrier frequency as their arithmetic mean value. To calculate the signal spectrum was used the modified Welch periodogram method with has a low dispersion of spectral estimates. The harmonic search threshold is determined automatically based on the statistical characteristics of the amplitude-frequency spectrum. Among harmonics with amplitudes greater than the threshold value, those are determined that the frequency difference between which is closest to the subcarrier spacing frequency. The simulations performed in the MATLAB software environment showed that the error in determining the carrier frequency was halved compared to the classical approach under signal-to-noise ratio from -15 dB, and the developed method was efficient if the symbol appearance probability were from 0,5 to 0,8.
CODE SWITCHING IN THE ENGLISH CLASS ACTIVITY IN THE SUBJECT “ENGLISH FOR A GROUP ACTIVITY” IN ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM, UNIVERSITY OF BANTEN JAYA BANTEN
Authors: Hendra Hendra , Hendra Hendra
Published: September 2020

Code-switching is a phenomenon that exists in bilingual societies where people have the opportunity to use two or more languages to communicate. Being able to speak more than one language, bilinguals can code-switch and use their languages as resources to find better ways to convey meaning. Code-switching occurs in English Study Program, Faculty of Lecturer Training, University of Banten Jaya, Serang, Banten. Therefore, the aim for this paper was to investigate when and why the lecturer in the class “English for a Group Activity” used code-switch when teaching L2 English. It has also looked into what language the learners preferred in different classroom situations. Alecturer were interviewed and 32learners taking the class. The results showed that the lecturer generally tried to code-switch as little as possible but that they did code-switch in some of those situations where the learners preferred either a combination of Bahasa Indonesia and English or only Bahasa Indonesia. Two of these situations were grammar instructions, where a majority of the learners preferred a combination of English and Bahasa Indonesia, and one-to-one situations, where a majority of the learners preferred Bahasa Indonesia.
TEACHING READING BY USING INQUIRY BASED LEARNING (IBL) SISCA WULANSARI SAPUTRI
Authors: Saputri Sisca Wulansari
Published: September 2020

The study is aimed to explain the using of Inquiry-based learning for teaching reading at English Department UNBAJA 2016/2017. The researcher got the data of this research from events, informant and document. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The method of collecting data is observation, interview and document. The technique of data analysis is data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing/verification. The result of the analysis show that: 1) For learning objective there are two kinds namely: general learning objective and specific learning objective. 2) In the classroom procedure, the researcher found that the lecture used Inquiry based learning in teaching Reading at Literal Reading Class. Any three steps, there are: Exploration, Elaboration and Confirmation. 3) The classroom technique that the researcher found during the observation such as oral repetition, identifying key-words, answering the questions, free writing, problem solving and reading passage.  4) The researcher found four kinds of Instructional materials during the observations, there are (a) textbook, (b) picture in the monitor, (c) slide of power point, and (d) video. 5) There are two of lectures’ role that the researcher found in the English Department UNBAJA during the observation. 6) media that used in English Department UNBAJA, which is used in teaching learning process at Literal Reading class such as: (a) picture, (b) Board, (c) Laptop, and (d) tape recorder. And 7) Type of Assessment tools used are daily test, midterm examination and final examination. The results showed thatstudents who were instructed through Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) were achieved higher score than the ones which wereinstructed through the traditional method.
ERROR ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE PAST TENSE IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT AT SECOND GRADE SMAN 1 CIOMAS
Authors: Umam Chotibul
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study were to identify whether the students make errors and to find the types of errors made by the second grade of SMAN 1 Ciomas in Simple Past Tense in their Narrative Text. The classification of the types of the error of the study was based on Dulay, and the procedure of error analysis used Ellis’ procedure. In this study, the writer used content analysis method to describe students’ error and analyze the data. The data which were taken from the test focus on Simple Past Tense. The sample of this study was the students of second grade of SMAN 1 Ciomas, in academic year 2015/2016, the class XI IPA consisting of 33 students. Procedure of this study was 68 errors and identifying, describing, recapitulating. The result of this study made errors in misformation (30 or 44.11%), addition (14 or 20.58%), misordering (13 or 19.11%), and omission(11 or 16.17%). Based on the study, the writer concludes that the second grade students of SMAN 1 Ciomas, most of students made errors in using Simple Past Tense, and the classification type of error was in misformation.
IMPROVING ESP STUDENT’S WRITING SKILL BY USING WRITING ESSAY MODEL
Authors: Rohiyatussakinah Ina , Oktaviana Fadilla
Published: September 2020

Writing as productive skill is closed with learner in university. They should do lots of writing. English for Academic Purposes programme such as English for Environmental Engineering can be involved in keeping issue logs which are kind of project work. This research investigated of using essay in teaching English as media to improve students’ writing skill. The writer conducted a classroom action research as a method in this research. Writer used Essay as media that was implemented in Environmental engineering class at Banten Jaya University. The class consisted of 25 students. This research was conducted in two cycles. Before doing the treatment, writer gave students pre-test. The mean score of students’ pre test was 65. It indicates that their writing was low. After that, the writer implemented the treatment and gave students post-test. The result of test in cycle one shows that there was improvement, the score was 75. It indicates that there was an improvement from pre-test and post-test one. But, it is still not maximal. Thus, the writer conducted the next cycle (cycle two) in order to reach the target that the students could reach score 80. The result of test in cycle two (post-test two) shows that mean score of students writing was 85. Thus, the using Essay model in teaching writing is excellent to improve students’ writing skill. They was able to gathering ideas, organising the ideas and make essay paragraph with varieties topic that related on their field.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LISTEN-DISCUSS STRATEGY (LRD) TOWARD READING STUDENTS’ COMPREHENSION
Authors: Pebriana Eka , Saputri Sisca Wulansari , Qonaatun Aa
Published: September 2020

This research  uses of Listen Read Discuss strategy in reading comprehension. This research was conducted based on formulation of the problem. The objective of this research was to know whether there was any significant effect of using Listen Read Discuss Strategy (LRD) strategy toward reading students’ comprehension at the eighth grade of MTS Nurul Falah Kresek. The writer used quantitative research by using quasi experimental research method. Class VIII B as the experimental group which was consisted of 20 students, class VIII A as the control group which was  consisted of 20 students. The data were collected by reading test. It can be seen from the result pretest and post-test in experimental and control class. The writer analyzed by using t-test. The result of this research revealed that the post-test scores were better than the pre-test scores. It can be seen from the result of t-test. The criteria of two tailed test with significance level (α = 0.05 ) was T table ≤ T test ≤ T table: H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The result of computation got T test = 3.226 and T table = 0.444. It means 0.444 < 3.226 > 0.444. H0 is rejected and Ha was accepted. Based on the conclusion above, it can be concluded that reading comprehension through LRD strategy was more effective for increasing reading comprehension. There is the differences of the teaching learning process between two classes. In the other words, students’ reading comprehension that were taught through LRD strategy was higher than those who were not through LRD strategy.
AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING USED BY ENGLISH TEACHER BASED ON GENDER INEQUALITY
Authors: Umam Chotibul , Sukawati Dita , Oktaviana Fadilla
Published: September 2020

In this research, the writer was aimed to find out the types of code switching that used by English teacher based on gender inequality and the reasons of using code switching that used by English teacher based on gender inequality. The writer was conducted case study in qualitative method. In collecting the data, the writer used observation by using video recording and interview. The result of the research shows that the writer found three types from each teacher based on gender inequality by observation. The types are inter-sentential, intra-sentential and tag switching. In the other hand, each types that used by English teacher based on gender inequality was made in number percentages, for female English teacher are inter sentential code switching 54%, intra sentential code switching 38% and tag switching 8%. Moreover, for male English teacher are inter sentential code switching 42%, intra sentential code switching 41% and tag switching 18%. In the other words, interview was used to find out the reasons that used by English teacher based on gender inequality. The reasons are talking about particular topic, repetition, Interjection and Raising status.