bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The correlation between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and random blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Prof. Dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital
Authors: Made Dhiyo Wiweka Aryaweda  , Wiryanthini Ida Ayu Dewi , Sutadarma I Wayan Gede , Surudarma I Wayan
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus and complications related to this disease have become a great problem affecting one in eleven adults. Pathophysiologically, this disease occurs due to impaired insulin secretion, resulting from systemic dysfunction in metabolic homeostasis involving inflammatory processes. One marker that can be used to measure such chronic inflammation is the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with random blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Prof. Dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital
Methods: Our study is a cross-sectional study with secondary data from medical records and involved 155 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who received inpatient or outpatient care at Prof. Dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital in the period of 2021-2022.
Results: Our analysis found a significant correlation between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio with random blood sugar levels (r = 0.228; p = 0.004). Additionally, the analysis also found a significant difference in random blood sugar level between the normal with the high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio groups (p = 0.023; median difference = 39.5 mg/dL).
Conclusion: It can be inferred that there is a weak and significant correlation between NLR with random blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
The effect of turmeric extract (Curcuma longa) on IL-6 expression
Authors: Sugiarto Yohannes , Budijitno Selamat
Published: September 2024

Background: Breast cancer in Indonesia is reported to have reached 68,858 out of 396,914 new cases of cancer, with an incidence rate of 16.6% based on Globocan 2020 data. Complementary therapies are much sought after for psychological and economic reasons and have minimal side effects. Curcumin has anti-carcinogenic properties. IL-6 plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells, renewal of breast cancer stem cells, and drug resistance in breast cancer stem cells.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial with post-test only group design using artificial female Balb/c strain rats (Mus Musculus) with DMBA-induced mammary adenocarcinoma nodules were reported, rats were divided into four groups randomly, namely, Control (K), Treatment 1: turmeric extract dose 100mg/KgBW (P1), Treatment 2: turmeric extract dose 150mg/KgBW (P2), Treatment 3: turmeric extract dose 200mg/KgBW (P3). Variables under study were IL-6 expression. One Way Anova test, followed by the Post-hoc Test, was used to test  the difference among and between groups.
Results: The mean value of IL-6 expression in groups K (53,59 ± 8,37), P1 (50,66 ± 9,59), P2 (66,93 ± 9,64), P3 (64,58 ± 5,97). The Post-Hoc test showed significant differences in IL-6 expression from group K against P2 (p=0.038), group P1 against P2 (p=0.015), and P3 (p=0.040).
Conclusion: Turmeric extract (Curcuma longa) had an effect on IL-6 expression in the control group and the treatment group.
Open reduction versus close treatment in management of children mandibular fracture: A systematic review
Authors: Dharmawan Made Surya , Tiaraningrum Raden Ratu Kania , Yatindra Ida Ayu Cempaka Dewi , Rooseno Ratna Rayeni Natasha
Published: September 2024

Mandibular fractures in children are the most common facial bone injury, which is 39% of all fractures. Adequate treatment of mandible fractures was still debated to restore the best physiological and aesthetic outcome. This systematic review aims to compare open reduction and closed treatment outcomes in children with mandibular fractures based on evidence from the current study. Four electronic databases were used: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Google Scholar. Studies included were randomized and non-randomized clinical studies written in English and published in the last 10 years (2014). Children patients under 18 years of age, of any sex, with any mandible fracture treated with any functional appliance. Data was collected using a standard form agreed upon by two independent reviewers. The risk of bias and quality were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Ten studies were selected for this systematic review, including 554 patients. Half of studies chosen had a high risk of bias, 4 were deemed to have a moderate risk of bias, and one had a low risk of bias. Comparing ORIF and close treatment, we get the incidence of complications versus cases respectively, 9/182 versus 5/372. The data collected, although there is still a lot of bias in this review. We support close treatment as the first line treatment for children’s mandible fractures because the minimal number of possible complications.
Serial case report: Radiological images of congenital sensorineural hearing loss patients with and without hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve
Authors: Priyastana Anak Agung Gede Agung , I Made Dwijaputra Ayusta  , Elysanti Dwi Martadiani
Published: September 2024

Background: Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is a hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear (cochlea), vestibulocochlear cranial nerve (N.VIII), or the innervation pathway from the inner ear to the brain that is acquired from birth. If hearing loss occurs from birth or before the period of speech development is not detected. Thus, this case report compares two patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss with and without vestibulocochlear nerve hypoplasia.
Case Description: The first case was a 4-year-old girl with the main complaint of not hearing and responding to calls since the age of 1.5 years. Temporal CT scan and MRI results did not show existing organ and structural abnormalities, so suspected retro-cochlear auditory neuropathy. Patients undergo the installation of a cochlear implant in the left ear with good results. Case second, a 3-year-old girl with Down Syndrome who has not been able to speak since birth. CT scan results showed left and right basal cochlea 1.5 turns and bilateral jugular notch dehiscence, while MRI results showed vestibulocochlear nerve hypoplasia, narrowing of the IAC opening width 1.5 turns cochlea. If this happens, a cochlear implant cannot be done because abnormality finding is a contraindication operation.
Conclusion: CT-scan and MRI examination are necessary to evaluate the structures and organs in the outer, middle and inner ear because the presence or absence of structural abnormalities found in the patient will significantly impact further management.
Hypertrophic Column of Bertin: a renal tumor mimicker
Authors: Dewi Utami , Tirtayasa Wisnu , Sinardja Cyndiana Widia Dewi
Published: September 2024

Background: The hypertrophic column of Bertin is one of the congenital variants of the kidney. It's a rare case and is usually found as an incidental finding from renal ultrasound. Its characteristic of the finding may mimic a solid mass from an Ultrasound (US). Further examination may lead to unnecessary interventional or surgical procedures.
Case Presentation: We reported a patient with a suspected left renal mass from the ultrasound finding, and the CT urography with contrast revealed that the lesion is a hypertrophic column Bertin (HCB).
Conclusion: It's really important for clinicians and radiologists to know the characteristic findings of Bertin's Hypertrophic column to prevent unnecessary biopsy and surgical procedures.
The incidence of macular atrophy in patients with long-term use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dharmaputri P Nyoman Yuni Suryani , Saraswati Putu Putri Titamia , Suryathi Ni Made Ari , Andayani Ari
Published: September 2024

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the chief factor in sightlessness in affluent nations. Visual symptoms at a late stage of AMD are frequently severe and irreversible and might include drastically reduced center vision in both eyes. Patients with nAMD are mostly preserved with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications. Chronic anti-VEGF treatment, however, has also been connected to the emergence of macular atrophy (MA). This study aims to determine the prevalence of MA in AMD patients who have been on anti-VEGF medications for a long time.
Methods: The literature research was performed by systematically searching PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the search terms “macular atrophy”, “Anti-VEGF”, “age-related macular degeneration”, and “trial”. The Review Manager v.5.4 and R statistical software v.3.3 are used in this study.
Results: The study includes 2094 individuals from 7 clinical trial trials. Anti-VEGF therapy had an overall proportion of MA episodes in MDA patients of 0.29 (95% CI 0.24 - 0.34). Between the anti-VEGF and control groups, there is no discernible difference in the risk of MA (OR 1.44; 95% CI 0.34 - 6.04; p=0.39). Additionally, there is no discernible difference between the comparison group and anti-VEGF regarding mean MA area scores (MD 0.03; 95% CI -0.28 - 0.34; p=0.85).
Conclusion: The incidence of MA in long-term anti-VEGF use with other comparators in AMD was not significantly different.
A 6-month-old patient with cleft lip palate, atrial septal defect, and presenting hyperkalemia: a case report
Authors: Medyantari Ni Putu Anggita , Wulandari Ayu Pisita , Tiara Zahra Fadhilazka
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Cleft Lip Palate (CLP) is a prevalent congenital anomaly in Indonesia. Gradual surgery is the gold standard treatment for the condition. However, screening for other comorbidities must be conducted before the surgery. Congenital heart Defects (CHDs) are one of the prevalent concurrent conditions of CLP patients. One of the CHD that can be found is Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). Moreover, electrolyte levels must also be assessed and treated if abnormal before surgery. Hyperkalemia is a type of electrolyte imbalance that can be found, possibly caused by increased potassium load or decreased excretion.
Case description: A 6-month-old girl was admitted to our hospital with a fever and dehydration. She complained of persistent vomiting. She had a history of CLP and CHD since birth. The echocardiogram revealed Small Secundum ASD. Laboratory results showed an elevated potassium (5.52 mEq/l). The patient was planned to get primary cleft lip repair and tip rhinoplasty. The surgery was postponed due to the patient’s condition and laboratory findings.  During hospitalization, she received electrolyte imbalance correction and symptomatic treatment. A 1-week follow-up assessment showed stable condition, and the patient continued to prepare for the surgery.
Conclusion: ASD is frequently observed as one of the most prevalent comorbidities of a CLP patient. Dehydration can increase the potassium level of the blood, and it must be treated before the surgical procedure for CLP patients with ASD condition.
Supraventrikular takikardia (SVT) pada wanita dewasa muda dengan demam tifoid: Laporan kasus
Authors: Wirayanti Puteri Made Widya , Saputra I Putu Pande Agus Asmara Widhiana
Published: September 2024

Background: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is originating from a circuit or focus in the atrium or atrioventricular node. Atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is the predominant type. Fever may be one of the precipitating factors of SVT.
Case Description: A 22-year-old woman with the main complaint of palpitations, cold sweats and sudden shortness of breath three hours before entering the hospital. Previously, the patient had a history of fever for 6 days and a history of taking Aspirin. Physical examination showed the patient to be hypotensive, tachycardic, hyperthermic, and desaturated. Electrocardiographic examination showed SVT. The ECG rhythm became normal sinus rhythm after twice cardioversions. A complete blood count showed leukocytosis and a positive Widal test. After being observed for one day in the intensive care unit, the patient was in stable condition and no recurrent SVT occurred. Bisoprolol was given as an antiarrhythmic for maintenance.
Conclusion: The mechanism of SVT in typhoid fever is not clear, but it can be triggered by fever, cardiovascular complications or two diseases that occur simultaneously.
 
Pendahuluan: Supraventikular takikardia (SVT) adalah takiaritmia yang berasal dari sirkuit atau fokus pada atrium atau nodus atrioventrikular. Atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) merupakan tipe yang paling dominan. Demam mungkin menjadi salah satu faktor pencetus terjadinya SVT.
Laporan kasus: Wanita usia 22 tahun dengan keluhan utama berdebar, keringat dingin dan sesak secara mendadak tiga jam sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Sebelumnya, pasien riwayat demam selama 6 hari dan riwayat minum Aspirin. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukan pasien hipotensi, takikardi, hipertermia, dan desaturasi. Pemeriksaan elektrokardiografi menunjukan gambaran SVT. Irama EKG mejadi irama sinus normal setelah dilakukan kardioversi sebanyak dua kali. Pemeriksaan darah lengkap menunjukan leukositosis dan pemeriksaan Widal positif. Setelah diobservasi selama satu hari di ruang intensif, pasien dalam kondisi stabil dan tidak terjadi SVT berulang. Bisoprolol diberikan sebagai antiaritmia untuk pemeliharaan.
Kesimpulan: Mekanisme SVT pada demam tifoid belum jelas, namun dapat dicetuskan oleh demam, komplikasi kardiovaskuler atau dua penyakit yang terjadi secara bersamaan.
Diabetic mastopathy in an adult female patient with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia: a case report and literature review
Authors: Pangaribuan Achnes , Panggabean Marthin , Dini Merlynda Ayu Rara
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetic mastopathy (DMP) is a rare pathological condition characterized by the formation of tumor-like fibroepithelial lesions in the breast region, typically observed in individuals afflicted with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This study presents an atypical occurrence of diabetic mastopathy found in a 29-year-old female with type 2 diabetes mellitus of the non-insulin-dependent subtype.
Case Presentation: The physical examination revealed the presence of a firm and palpable lump near the nipple of the right breast. An ultrasound (US) examination was conducted, illustrating the presence of tissue distortion and nipple retraction of the breast. Lymphadenopathy in the right axilla and infraclavicular regions was also found. Histological findings demonstrated typical DMP with fibrosis without evidence of malignancy.
Conclusion: Diabetic mastopathy is a rare disorder that may pose a challenge. However, meticulous monitoring and assertive management, along with timely identification and effective administration of medical care, can ultimately result in a positive prognosis.
An urgent hemodialysis in an adult male patient with chronic kidney disease: a case report
Authors: Kunti Desak Putu Sukasanti Adi , Sudhana I Wayan , Shavitri Ogek Dwi
Published: September 2024

Background: chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major global health concern with the rising rates of occurrence, prevalence, and mortality. There is no single cause and the damage is usually irreversible and can lead to poor prognosis. The risk increases with smoking age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, obesity, and male gender. This case report aims to present an urgent hemodialysis in an adult male patient with chronic kidney disease.
Case description: A-55 year-old-man with hypertension came with chief complaints of shortness of breath and swelling all over the body. Patient had a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and CKD on routine hemodialysis, however it is discontinued due disruption in hemodialysis access. Physical examination of pale conjunctiva and pitting edema was found Laboratory examination showed an increase in kidney function markers and radiological examination showed the presence of fluid accumulation in the lungs. His condition became stable after an urgent hemodialysis.
Conclusion: An adult male patient with CKD stage V underwent an urgent hemodialysis and the condition has been stable and improved following the treatment.
Bilateral vocal cords palsy in adolescent Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patient
Authors: Susila I Nyoman Warigardita , Wati Ketut Dewi Kumara , Putri Putu Dian Ariyanti
Published: September 2024

Background: Executive functions such as speech are uncommonly involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presentation. We report a case of SLE who presented with a seizure followed by an inability to speak.
Case description: A 17-year-old girl was presented with a sudden loss of voice for 2 days after a seizure following fever for 4 months. The patient was aware and could understand words but could not execute verbal sounds; the sound she produced was muffled. The generalized seizure occurred without any trigger, lasted 2 minutes, and stopped spontaneously. Fever occurred primarily at night which subsided without treatment. She also complained of severe hair loss. Patient with leucopenia, lymphopenia, anemia hemolytic, thrombocytopenia, proteinuria, hematuria, brain atrophy from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, and echocardiography revealed mild carditis and mild circumferential pericardial effusion. Immunological assay showed antinuclear antibodies (ANA) >1:1000 with nuclear homogenous, low C3 complement, and positive Anti-dsDNA. Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) 2015 total score was 14, and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR/ACR) 2019 total score was 31, confirmed patient for SLE diagnosis. Further exploration from fiberoptic laryngoscopy confirmed bilateral vocal cord palsy due to SLE. Management included high dose methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and speech therapy which results in gradual improvement from producing mumble sounds, then words followed by sentences with nasal sounds. Laryngeal involvement is uncommonly reported as an SLE manifestation. Management includes steroids and immunosuppressive for pharmacological and speech therapy as an exercise for vocal cord palsy.
Conclusion: The patient must be continuously monitored for complete resolution of the palsy.
Primary lymphoma of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis: a case report
Authors: Putra Jeffrey Ariesta , Theresia Emilia , Angeline Dianita
Published: September 2024

Background: Primary lymphoma of the appendix (PAL) is extremely rare, representing only 0.015% of all gastrointestinal lymphoma cases. This case report aims to evaluate the primary lymphoma of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis
Case Presentation: We present a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis. Appendectomy was done by laparoscopy and followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. A two-year follow-up did not show any evidence of recurrent disease.
Conclusion: Primary appendiceal lymphoma is very rare and there are no clear guidelines for therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy showed high efficacy and follow-up shows no relapse. This case report emphasizes the importance of routine histology examination of the appendectomy.
The potential role of vitamin D supplementation to improve BDNF level and cognitive function in schizophrenic patients: a review
Authors: Sriandari Luh Putu Feby , Krisnanda Made Yogi , Aji I Putu Dharma Krisna
Published: September 2024

Background: A severe and long-lasting mental illness, schizophrenia, has detrimental effects on both the patient's life and surroundings. As a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative illnesses, vitamin D serves a critical function in shielding the brain from damage produced by free radicals. Among the vitamins that help patients with schizophrenia heal brain damage, vitamin D raises the brain's levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The aim of this review is to determine the role of vitamin D supplementation in improving BDNF levels and improving cognitive levels in schizophrenia patients.
Methods: We performed the literature search within the last 10 years in June 2024 for either the English or Indonesian language article through PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library using the relevant keywords. The inclusion criteria included studies involving respondents with schizophrenia, describing the potential role of vitamin D in improving BDNF levels and cognitive function.
Results: A collective of 1066 studies was initially discovered through searches using designated keywords and their publications within the previous ten years. These studies underwent a rigorous screening procedure with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Conclusion: In patients with schizophrenia, vitamin D significantly raises BDNF levels and raises PANSS scores. Although a protocol has not yet established a consensus about dosage and mode of administration, supplementation—either by oral administration or food intake—is advised for patients with schizophrenia.
Nyeri Kepala Long-Covid: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka
Authors: Setiani Putu , Sihanto Rindha Dwi , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Purna
Published: September 2024

Headache is one of the most common symptoms of long coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome. Knowledge about long COVID-19 headache is still limited, but several studies have shown evidence of several pathophysiological mechanisms involved and recommendations for primary therapy. Symptoms of long COVID-19 headache can be a worsening of previous primary headache or a new onset of headache (recurrent or daily) that occurs during acute infection or post-acute infection. Accompanying symptoms can be other COVID-19 symptoms, most commonly hyposmia. The type of long COVID-19 headache can be migraine-type headache and most commonly tension-type headache (TTH). Persistent activation of the immune system and trigeminovascular system play an important role in its pathogenesis. Until now, there are no specific therapy guidelines for long COVID-19 headache. Therefore, consideration of therapy selection is adjusted according to the current consensus according to the primary headache phenotype of long COVID-19 headache syndrome.
 
Nyeri kepala adalah salah satu gejala tersering dari sindrom long coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Pengetahuan tentang nyeri kepala long COVID-19 masih terbatas, namun beberapa studi menunjukkan bukti beberapa mekanisma patofisiologi yang terlibat dan rekomendasi terapi primer. Gejala nyeri kepala long COVID-19 dapat berupa perburukan nyeri kepala primer terdahulu atau berupa awitan nyeri kepala baru (kambuhan atau harian) yang muncul selama infeksi akut atau paska infeksi akut. Gejala penyerta dapat berupa gejala COVID-19 lainnya, tersering berupa hyposmia. Jenis nyeri kepala long COVID-19 dapat berupa nyeri kepala tipe migren dan paling banyak berupa nyeri kepala tipe tegang (tension type headache-TTH). Aktivasi persisten sistem imun dan sistem trigeminovaskular berperanan penting dalam patogenesisnya. Hingga saat ini belum ada panduan terapi spesifik nyeri kepala long COVID-19. Pertimbangan pemilihan terapi disesuaikan dengan konsensus terkini sesuai fenotip nyeri kepala primer dari sindrom nyeri kepala long COVID-19.
Kinship Care dalam Keluarga ‘Imran: Kajian Hermeneutika Wilhelm Dilthey pada Surat Ali ‘Imran Ayat 37 dan 44
Authors: Kafiyah Fitroh Ni’matul , Komarudin Edi , Riyani Irma
Published: September 2024

Kinship Care is a form of childcare by close relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, or siblings when biological parents cannot fulfill their parenting responsibilities. In Indonesia, Kinship Care often arises in the context of poverty, migration, parental death, or the inability of parents to care for their children for various reasons, including death, illness, or legal issues. This research is a desk study using Wilhelm Dilthey's hermeneutic analysis method to explore three aspects, namely Erlebnis (experience), Ausdruck (expression), and Verstehen (understanding), in Surah Ali 'Imran verses 37 and 44. The results of this study conclude that in the Kinship Care pattern, Zakariya has four patterns in caring for Maryam, security and support, space for children, financial security, dialogue and appreciation for children. Then, suggestions for further research related to Kinship Care studies to explore broader patterns using different hermeneutical theories and different figures in the Qur'an can also be taken in relevance to different contexts so that they can reach ideal patterns for Kinship Care studies.
Las virreinas consortes: estado de la cuestión y metodología a través del caso navarro en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Mangado-González Lydia
Published: September 2024

Habitualmente, se han estudiado los virreinatos sin estudiar a las vi-rreinas. Sin embargo, las investigaciones que, en los últimos años, han versado sobre estas mujeres, han evidenciado la capacidad de influencia que tuvieron en sus territorios. El análisis de los estudios ya realizados para otros territorios distintos al navarro ―americanos, italianos y aragoneses― sirve como hoja de ruta para em-prender nuevas investigaciones similares en un espacio todavía no trabajado y en una cronología excepcional como es el siglo inmediato a los Decretos de Nueva Planta. El presente artículo ofrece una sistematización de las vías de trabajo y fuentes documentales disponibles para el estudio de las virreinas consortes navarras, pretendiendo así agilizar futuras investigaciones gracias a la condensación de las principales claves hasta ahora descubiertas, algo que, se espera, ayude al hallazgo de nuevos hitos.
Escritura especializada en el ámbito jurídico: un análisis de las macromovidas de demandas escritas con y sin ChatGPT3.5
Authors: Cordovez-Fernández Maximiliano-Elías
Published: September 2024

Los géneros discursivos del ámbito jurídico no son fáciles de escribir. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las diferencias que existen entre la escritura de una demanda con y sin asistencia de ChatGPT3.5. Así, con base en estudios sobre la escritura especializada en el área jurídica, la teoría de los géneros discursivos y el fenómeno de la escritura asistida con ChatGPT3.5, se analizaron las demandas escritas por cuatro estudiantes del área de Derecho a partir de un modelo retórico-discursivo preliminar de demanda judicial. Los resultados revelan que las demandas con asistencia de ChatGPT3.5 solo cumplen adecuadamente con dos macromovidas. Asimismo, los datos obtenidos perfilan algunas implicancias para el uso de herramientas automatizadas de análisis textual y discursivo. Con todo, este artículo proporciona un acercamiento al impacto de la IA en la escritura profesional en el ámbito jurídico.
Reducing operational costs in a manufacturing system that incorporates quality assurances, probabilistic failures, overtime and outsourcing
Authors: Novarika Wirda , Sinaga Sony Bahagia , Prayogi Satria Yudha
Published: September 2024

This research focuses on the dynamic landscape of today's competitive market, where production management must meet clients' expectations for high-quality products and shorter lead times while managing internal disruptions due to inevitable defects and unpredictable equipment failures. Achieving these operational goals without compromising product quality, missing deadlines, or experiencing production disruptions is essential for minimizing operational expenses. The study examines the dynamics of the system's operating costs through the development of models, mathematical formulations, optimization techniques, and algorithm proposals. It demonstrates the system's convexity and establishes the optimal batch time for implementing the proposed methodologies. The research results show relevant failure costs of 3.51 %, overtime added costs of 4.57 %, outsourcing setup costs of 0.73 %, outsourcing variable costs of 41.82 %, quality-related costs of 2.98 %, in-house variable costs of 40.42 %, and in-house holding costs of 3.55 %. The study develops strategies for optimal overtime use to meet production targets without excessive labor costs and provides a structured framework for making informed outsourcing decisions that balance cost savings with quality and reliability considerations.
Overall, the research provides a robust framework for reducing operational costs while maintaining or improving the quality and reliability of manufacturing processes
Forming the conceptual foundations of a sustainable development accounting system and reflecting its results in reporting
Authors: Alsarayrah Tasneem Mohammad Khalaf , Alhasanat Khaled Ahmad Haroun , Sokil Oleh , Zhuk Valeriy , Sokil Yana
Published: September 2024

The subject of this study is sustainable development accounting, particularly its role in shaping environmental and social indicators of enterprises.
The paper pays special attention to the issue of insufficient integration of environmental and social aspects into conventional financial accounting. It identifies the need to devise methodologies that include social and ecological indicators in financial reporting, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of enterprise activities on society and the environment.
The results demonstrate that the implementation of sustainable development accounting allows for a comprehensive assessment of the financial, social, and environmental impact of the enterprise. Analysis of sources proves that enterprises that use this approach have better opportunities for risk forecasting and resource management, which increases their competitiveness and responsibility to society.
The interpretation of the results emphasizes that the success of sustainable development accounting is conditioned by the ability to integrate comprehensive data about the impact of enterprise activities on the environment and society into the general management system. Such integration allows enterprises not only to meet regulatory requirements but also to enhance their overall value and image.
The features and distinctive characteristics of the results are that they enable companies to conduct more transparent and responsible business. The implementation of sustainable development accounting systems gives enterprises the ability not only to reduce the negative impact on the environment but also to effectively engage resources to address social issues.
The domain of practical application of the results extends to corporate governance, socially responsible business, investment analysis, and environmental assessment. It includes internal and external regulation, stakeholder requirements, and strategic planning at enterprises
Improvement of wear-resistant and thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composite reinforced AL2O3/SiCw/Mg powder
Authors: Sugita I. K. G. , Suarsna K. , Suardana N. P. G. , Sunoko Rudi
Published: September 2024

Technological progress demands the development of materials that have special characteristics such as high strength, stiffness, light weight, and good thermal conductivity at a low price. The development of hybrid metal matrix composites is the most important field in advanced materials science engineering.
This research determines about aluminum matrix composites (AMC) reinforced with alumina (Al2O3), Silicon carbide whisker (SiCw), and magnesium (Mg) addition. The matrix is made of 90 % pure aluminum powder, and commercially available reinforcing materials include Al2O3, SiCw, and Mg. Objectives include variation of reinforcement fraction and matrix, sintering holding temperature and time. The selection of the sample making process using powder technology followed by the sintering process at different temperatures namely 350, 450 and 550 °C with variations in holding time of 1, 2 and 3 hours. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the fraction of reinforcement and sintering treatment on the properties of wear resistance, hardness and thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composites.
The results showed that the composition ratio of reinforcement to aluminum in sintering treatment significantly affected the mechanical properties. The wear resistance of the material shows excellent performance, namely wear resistance of 0.000065 gr/s, hardness of 45.234 VHN and thermal conductivity of 184.855 Watt/m °C, at a reinforcement composition combination of 10 %AL2O3, 10 %SiCw and 20 %Mg and a sintering temperature of 550 °C. This indicates that the Aluminum matrix composite reinforced with Al2O3/(SiCw/Mg) is able to support the friction load due to its low wear rate, good hardness, and good thermal conductivity. This material is very suitable to be used as tribology material, brake element, especially brake drum
Development of a method for increasing the efficiency of processing heterogeneous data using a metaheuristic algorithm
Authors: Ragulin Vitaliy , Owaid Salman Rasheed , Kuchuk Heorhii , Andriienko Serhii , Lytvynenko Oleksandr , Ivanov Evgen , Lyashenko Anna , Momit Alexander , Gaman Oleksandr , Hurskyi Taras
Published: September 2024

The problems of processing heterogeneous data are discontinuous, undifferentiated, and multimodal. The most common approaches to processing heterogeneous data are swarm intelligence algorithms (swarm algorithms). Given the above, classical gradient deterministic algorithms are inappropriate for solving the problems of processing heterogeneous data. The problem solved in the study is to increase the efficiency of processing heterogeneous data circulating in information systems, regardless of the number of data sources. The object of the study is hierarchical systems. A method for increasing the efficiency of processing heterogeneous data using a metaheuristic algorithm is proposed. The study is based on the reptile algorithm (RA) for processing heterogeneous data circulating in the system. For RA training, evolving artificial neural networks are used.
The originality of the proposed method lies in setting RA taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, improved global and local search procedures. Also, the originality of the study lies in determining RA feeding locations, which allows prioritizing the search in a given direction. The next element in the originality of the study is the possibility of choosing an RA hunting strategy, which allows a rational use of available system computing resources. Another original element of the study is determining the initial velocity of each RA. This makes it possible to optimize the speed of exploration of each RA in a certain direction. The method provides a 15–19 % increase in data processing efficiency by using additional improved procedures. The proposed method should be used in processing large amounts of data
Features of the application of geoinformation systems to increase the yield of agricultural land
Authors: Shaimerdenova Aigul , Shulenbayeva Faya , Daribayeva Adaskhan , Chakeyeva Karylgash , Kulubekova Aziya
Published: September 2024

The main problems in the effective use of land resources as an important factor of the country's development and population's food security are considered. The study was conducted in the northern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The object of the study was grain-growing farms in the Akmola region.
The study concluded that satellite imagery and unmanned aerial vehicles should be used to monitor crops and assess yields in the Akmola region. These technologies allow for more efficient land management, prompt response to problems and informed decision-making. The experience of GIS application in the United States consists in the formation of database systems for all soil types that are of economic importance. There are 4 national soil databases, as well as several automated soil databases containing data on more than 13,400 soil varieties. The country's Soil Conservation Service has created soil geographic databases, including a geographic database on soil surveys, state soil associations, and major land resource areas.
The economic efficiency of land conservation measures will be determined by the amount of net income, taking into account the prevented environmental damage in value form, using the efficiency coefficient of environmental costs relative to the total production and environmental costs. The acreage area in the Akmola region on average for 2018–2023 amounted to 26,264.32 thousand hectares, the average actual crop yield was 12.5 centner/ha. Based on the given system of formulas, the estimated crop yield on non-eroded soils (Yn) is 13.5 centner/ha, and the crop shortfall (V) due to land erosion is 871.88 thousand centners of grain, which is 69,750 thousand tenge at an average grain price of 80,000 tenge/t
Devising an approach to the construction of an adapted model of the reconnaissance-fire system functioning
Authors: Maistrenko Oleksandr , Saveliev Andrii , Pechorin Oleksandr , Karavanov Oleksandr , Stetsiv Stanislav , Shvets Mykola , Lykholot Oleksandr , Voitenko Serhii , Khimchenko Oleksandr , Kondratenko Yulii
Published: September 2024

The object of this study is the operational model of a reconnaissance-fire system.
The problem that was solved is the lack of an approach to building a model of the functioning of a combat system, in particular a reconnaissance-fire system, which would take into account the influence of all subsystems and include the necessary number of system states.
An improved procedure for building an adapted operational model of the reconnaissance-fire system has been proposed. The essence of the improved methodology is the formalization of processes through the definition of system states and intensities of transitions from state to state. The improved procedure is based on the Kolmogorov-Chapman equations and the goal tree construction method.
A feature of the improved methodology is the breakdown of the states of the reconnaissance-fire system by hierarchy levels, which allows taking into account more necessary states of the system.
The field of practical use of the improved methodology is planning and management processes during the development of action algorithms during combat operations.
An adapted operational model of the reconnaissance-fire system has been built. The essence of the model is to determine the probability of the reconnaissance-fire system being in a certain state based on the Chapman-Kolmogorov equations, taking into account the necessary level of detail in the process of its operation.
Special feature of the proposed model is that it makes it possible to model by taking into account 39 states of the system with the necessary accuracy both for the system as a whole and separately for subsystems. This is explained by the fact that the test of the adequacy of the model showed that the discrepancy of the results is within the statistical error from 2 to 9 %.
The field of application of the adapted operational model of the reconnaissance-fire system is the processes of making a decision on the application of the operation of the intelligence-fire system during hostilities and their management during combat operations.
Large language model (LLM) comparison between GPT-3 and PaLM-2 to produce Indonesian cultural content
Authors: Erlansyah Deni , Mukminin Amirul , Julian Dedek , Negara Edi Surya , Aditya Ferdi , Syaputra Rezki
Published: September 2024

Large language models can help to compile content with a cultural theme. However, any information generated by large language models needs to be evaluated to see the truth/fact of the information generated. With many studies discussing the comparison of the capabilities of large language models, there is not much research that directly discusses the comparison of the performance of large language models in producing Indonesian cultural content. This research compares the correctness of the information generated by the large language model using the expert judgment method when creating Indonesian cultural content and its fine-tuning capabilities evaluated using BERTScore. The evaluation method was successfully applied and the results show that in this case, PaLM-2 included less misinformation while GPT-3 excelled in fine-tuning. Using the combination of expert judgment and BERTScore makes it possible to evaluate large language models and obtain additional valid training data to correct deficiencies. The results showed that PaLM-2 produced more valid content with a score of 27 points, while GPT-3 scored 8 points. For training on new datasets/fine-tuning, it was found that the GPT-3 language model was able to learn the dataset more quickly, with a time of 50 minutes and a cost of IDR 27,000, while PaLM-2 took 2 hours 10 minutes and a cost of IDR 1,377,204. For the training dataset evaluation results, GPT-3 is superior with an average of all scores reaching 0.85205. Meanwhile, the PaLM-2 Tuned Model got an average overall score of 0.78942. In this case, the GPT-3 Tuned Model is superior by 8 %. In practice, this method can be used if the assessment is descriptive and requires direct assessment from experts
Increasing the accuracy of electrical energy accounting at reduced load
Authors: Vasylets Sviatoslav , Vasylets Kateryna , Ilchuk Volodymyr
Published: September 2024

The object of research is a three-phase electricity metering unit, which includes a digital meter and measuring current transformers. The reduction of non-technological energy losses is restrained due to the insufficient accuracy of the accounting of electric energy in distribution power networks under a reduced load current of the metering unit. The possibility of representing the dependence of the relative error of electricity measurement on current values by a fuzzy function at reduced load has been confirmed. The boundaries of such a function are approximated with sufficient accuracy by the sum of two exponents, which is explained by its significant nonlinearity in the range of reduced current. The proposed EMRL software allows to estimate the real consumption and the most possible level of underaccounting based on the array of electricity meter readings. The accuracy of estimating by the EMRL the amount of electricity consumed with a probability of 0.7 can be estimated with a relative error not exceeding 2 %. The probability of psychophysical assessments of the accuracy of EMRL «very good» and «good» is at least 0.833. The trend of a significant decrease in the relative value of underaccounting with an increase in the level of electricity consumption was revealed. With a daily consumption of up to 10 kW·h, the amount of underaccounting can reach 18 %, and with a consumption of more than 20 kW·h, it does not exceed 6 %. The adequacy of the results of estimating the amount of consumed electricity at reduced load using the EMRL was confirmed by experimental data at a significance level of 0.05. The software capabilities allow to increase the accuracy of the accounting of electrical energy in distribution networks with a reduced load current of the metering unit. The program can be used as part of automated systems of commercial electricity metering or advanced metering infrastructure to determine the most possible underaccounting due to the operation of metering units at a reduced load
The influence of the rotor shape on the efficiency of the hydrodynamic heater
Authors: Nussupbekov Bekbolat , Oshanov Yerlan , Ovcharov Mihail , Duisenbayeva Moldir , Sharzadin Adilzada , Kongyrbayeva Aitkul , Amanzholova Makpal
Published: September 2024

The paper discusses issues related to the design of a hydrodynamic throttle type heater. The maximum angular velocities for cylindrical and conical shapes are determined from the condition of non-spilling of liquid from a rotating vessel.
Theoretical studies have shown that the conical shape of the skirt is more optimal, since with an increase in the liquid level in the vessel within 0.02–0.09 m, the angular velocity decreases from 37.566 rad/s to 17.709 rad/s, respectively. In addition, with a taper of the vessel walls of 5° and a liquid level height of 0.02 m, the volume of the liquid is 11.0·10–5 m3. If to increase the liquid level to 0.09 m, then the volume of liquid will increase to 55.0·10–5 m3. At a taper of 10°, respectively, there is also an increase in the volume of liquid from 6.0·10–5 m3 to 42.0·10–5 m3.
To establish a small increase in the temperature of the liquid when it is forced through the throttle holes, a transparent mock-up was made. Experimental studies have shown the locking of air during the formation of a ring of liquid in the rotor cavity. In addition, it was found that the smaller the inner radius of the liquid ring, the higher the temperature of the pressed liquid through the throttle openings. For this purpose, a system for removing air from its rotor was provided in the hydrodynamic heater.
When the rotor is running, the lateral outer walls of the conical skirt interact with the liquid, forcing it to rotate. The rotating liquid, rising along the walls of the housing, begins to interact with the lower part of the rotor, which negatively affects the operation of the hydrodynamic heater as a whole. For this purpose, a special flow directing cylinder was provided in the housing.
When the liquid is forced through the throttle opening, there is a decrease in pressure and an increase in the velocity of the liquid. This leads to an increase in its kinetic energy, which is then converted into thermal energy due to friction between the liquid molecules. This principle is used in various systems such as heating systems, industrial processes or laboratory research. However, creating pressure in front of the throttle openings using the inertial forces of a rotating mass of liquid is a promising direction
Influence of modified additives on the properties of compressed air foam
Authors: Shakhov Stanislav , Vynohradov Stanislav , Kodryk Anatoly , Titenko Oleksandr , Melnychenko Andrii , Hryschenko Dmytry , Grinchenko Evgen , Knaub Liudmyla
Published: September 2024

The object of this study is the properties of compressed air foam with the use of modified additives: its drainage time and expansion ratio.
The main properties of compressed air foam that affect the effectiveness of fire extinguishing are its drainage time and expansion ratio. At the same time, a number of authors have confirmed that the introduction of chemically modified additives into the composition of water fire extinguishing substances makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of fire extinguishing.
The problem to be solved was to determine the influence of five modified additives (NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2СO3, K2CO3 and KCl in the concentration range of 1–5 % by mass on the expansion ratio and drainage time of the compressed air foam. The results showed that the content of additives (NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4 and (NH4)2СO3 in the aqueous solution of the foaming agent does not affect its expansion ratio within the given limits. On the other hand, with K2CO3 and KCl additives, it was not possible to obtain compressed air foam with a expansion ratio of 5–20, that is, their inefficiency in compressed air foam was noted.
The characteristic dependence of the effect of (NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4 and (NH4)2СO3 additives on drainage time has been determined. The greatest drainage time is characteristic of the K≈20 generation mode. The highest recorded drainage time index was established for NH4H2PO4, namely 5.45 min; for (NH4)2HPO4 the drainage time was lower by 8 %; for (NH4)2СO3 the drainage time was lower by 20 %. At the same time, with the use of (NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4 and (NH4)2СO3, it is characteristic to obtain a foam with lower drainage time compared to foam of a conventional composition. Thus, for foam with a expansion ratio of K≈20, the drainage time of foam with NH4H2PO4 is lower by 17 %, with (NH4)2HPO4 by 23 %, and with (NH4)2СO3 by 33 %.
The effect of reducing the drainage time of the foam can have a decisive role in reducing its effectiveness when used for extinguishing flammable liquids due to the extinguishing mechanism but is not decisive for extinguishing solid substances. Therefore, the fire-extinguishing effectiveness of compressed air foam with modified additives during the extinguishing of solid combustible materials in comparison with the conventional CAF composition requires further study