bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Pathogenicity of Three Strains of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Closely Related to Poultry Industry
Authors: Li Kailin , Niu Xinxin , Jiang Nan , Zhang Wenying , Wang Guodong , Li Kai , Huang Mengmeng , Gao Yulong , Qi Xiaole , Wang Xiaomei
Published: May 2023

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious, immunosuppressive, and fatal infectious disease of young chickens caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Since 2017, a new trend has been discovered in the IBDV epidemic, with very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV) becoming the two current dominant strains in East Asia including China. In this study, we compared the biological characteristics of the vvIBDV (HLJ0504 strain), nVarIBDV (SHG19 strain), and attenuated IBDV (attIBDV, Gt strain) using specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken infection model. The results showed that vvIBDV distributed in multiple tissues, replicated the fastest in lymphoid organs such as bursa of Fabricius, induced significant viremia and virus excretion, and is the most pathogenic virus with a mortality of more than 80%. The nVarIBDV had a weaker replication capability and did not kill the chickens but caused severe damage to the central immune organ bursa of Fabricius and B lymphocytes and induced significant viremia and virus excretion. The attIBDV strain was found not to be pathogenic. Further studies preliminarily suggested that the expression level of inflammatory factors triggered by HLJ0504 was the highest, followed by the SHG19 group. This study is the first to systematically compare the pathogenic characteristics of three IBDVs closely related to poultry industry from the perspectives of clinical signs, micro-pathology, virus replication, and distribution. It is of great importance to obtain an extensive knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenicity, and comprehensive prevention, and control of various IBDV strains.
Zika Virus Induces Degradation of the Numb Protein Required through Embryonic Neurogenesis
Authors: He Jia , Yang Liping , Chang Peixi , Yang Shixing , Wang Yu , Lin Shaoli , Tang Qiyi , Zhang Yanjin
Published: May 2023

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus and causes an infection associated with congenital Zika syndrome and Guillain–Barre syndrome. The mechanism of ZIKV-mediated neuropathogenesis is not well understood. In this study, we discovered that ZIKV induces degradation of the Numb protein, which plays a crucial role in neurogenesis by allowing asymmetric cell division during embryonic development. Our data show that ZIKV reduced the Numb protein level in a time- and dose-dependent manner. However, ZIKV infection appears to have minimal effect on the Numb transcript. Treatment of ZIKV-infected cells with a proteasome inhibitor restores the Numb protein level, which suggests the involvement of the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. In addition, ZIKV infection shortens the half-life of the Numb protein. Among the ZIKV proteins, the capsid protein significantly reduces the Numb protein level. Immunoprecipitation of the Numb protein co-precipitates the capsid protein, indicating the interaction between these two proteins. These results provide insights into the ZIKV–cell interaction that might contribute to its impact on neurogenesis.
Temperature Effects on the Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 Accumulation and Recovery within Its Fungal Host, the Chestnut Blight Pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica
Authors: Romon-Ochoa Pedro , Smith Olivia , Lewis Alex , Kupper Quirin , Shamsi Wajeeha , Rigling Daniel , Pérez-Sierra Ana , Ward Lisa
Published: May 2023

Biological control of Cryphonectria parasitica fungus, the causal agent of chestnut blight, by virus infection (hypovirulence) is an effective control strategy against chestnut blight in Europe and some parts of North America. The most studied mycovirus is the Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) type species of the Hypoviridae family. In this study, the CHV1 virus was studied within some highly infected British isolates of Cryphonectria parasitica, gained in the past through co-culture transmissions. The effects of six temperatures (5–30 °C, in 5 °C steps) on six infected isolates (three with viral strain E-5, and other three with viral strain L-18) and their respective negative non-infected controls, three isogenic virulent fungal isolates, were examined. Experiments were performed with the nine isolate types with three replicates on potato dextrose agar (PDA) with cellophane sheets per isolate and temperature. A recently developed rapid, specific, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) screening method was used. This enabled quantifying the concentration (nanograms per microliter or copy numbers) of the virus within each isolate repetition. The presence of the virus had a significant negative effect between 20 and 25 °C on the C. parasitica growth rate, which was anyway highly influenced by and positively correlated with the temperature. The temperature clearly determined the virus accumulation and its recovery from cold or heat, and the virus optimum temperature was estimated at 15–25 °C.
Exploring the Moderating Effect of Positive and Negative Word-of-Mouth on the Relationship between Health Belief Model and the Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Wu Shih-Wei , Chiang Pei-Yun
Published: May 2023

This study indicates that the positive and negative effects of word-of-mouth (WOM) have an impact and moderating effect on vaccine uptake willingness, which is important to exploring the factors that affect vaccine uptake. We further analyzed the differences in the impact relationship between variables through questionnaire research. Based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) widely used to explore global health issues, this study focuses on Taiwanese residents and uses a questionnaire survey method. Furthermore, this study investigates the impact of various factors in the HBM on the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine when faced with positive and negative word-of-mouth evaluations from the perspective of vaccine recipients, as well as whether WOM evaluations have an interference effect, along with the differences between variables. Practical recommendations are provided based on the research results, which can serve as a reference for future vaccine promotion programs and health promotion. By improving the national vaccination rate and achieving herd immunity, we aim to increase the persuasiveness of word-of-mouth on public healthcare decision-making. We also hope to provide a basis for health promotion and encourage people to make informed decisions about vaccination.
Neutrophils in Cancer and Potential Therapeutic Strategies Using Neutrophil-Derived Exosomes
Authors: Dutta Abhishek , Bhagat Shrikrishna , Paul Swastika , Katz Jonathan P. , Sengupta Debomita , Bhargava Dharmendra
Published: May 2023

Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells and make up about 70% of white blood cells in human blood and play a critical role as the first line of defense in the innate immune response. They also help regulate the inflammatory environment to promote tissue repair. However, in cancer, neutrophils can be manipulated by tumors to either promote or hinder tumor growth depending on the cytokine pool. Studies have shown that tumor-bearing mice have increased levels of neutrophils in peripheral circulation and that neutrophil-derived exosomes can deliver various cargos, including lncRNA and miRNA, which contribute to tumor growth and degradation of extracellular matrix. Exosomes derived from immune cells generally possess anti-tumor activities and induce tumor-cell apoptosis by delivering cytotoxic proteins, ROS generation, H2O2 or activation of Fas-mediated apoptosis in target cells. Engineered exosome-like nanovesicles have been developed to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs precisely to tumor cells. However, tumor-derived exosomes can aggravate cancer-associated thrombosis through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Despite the advancements in neutrophil-related research, a detailed understanding of tumor-neutrophil crosstalk is still lacking and remains a major barrier in developing neutrophil-based or targeted therapy. This review will focus on the communication pathways between tumors and neutrophils, and the role of neutrophil-derived exosomes (NDEs) in tumor growth. Additionally, potential strategies to manipulate NDEs for therapeutic purposes will be discussed.
Kinetic Models of Disinfection with Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid of Bacteria Isolated from the Effluent of a WWTP
Authors: Ocampo-Rodríguez Dulce Brigite , Vázquez-Rodríguez Gabriela A. , Rodríguez José Antonio , González Sandoval María del Refugio , Iturbe-Acosta Ulises , Martínez Hernández Sylvia , Coronel-Olivares Claudia
Published: May 2023

The disinfection of wastewater is a treatment that allows for its reuse. However, not all pathogenic microorganisms or their resistant structures, e.g., endospores, cysts, or oocysts, are eliminated in conventional treatments. This work compared the removal efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and peracetic acid (PAA) on three strains of bacteria isolated from the tertiary effluent of a wastewater treatment plant. The results of the inactivation kinetics showed that complete inactivation of S. pasteuri was achieved with both NaClO (>12 log, t = 5–10 min, 15–30 mg/L) and PAA (~9 log, t = 20–30 min, 15 mg/L). Likewise, with higher concentration of both disinfectants, the inactivation time decreased. K. pneumoniae showed greater resistance to PAA (3 log, t = 30 min) than to NaClO (8 log, t = 15 min). B. subtilis endospores showed resistance to NaClO (3 log, t = 60–100 min, 15 mg/L); however, PAA was more effective (~4 log, t = 45–100 min), with 15 mg/L regarding these latter four kinetics. The inactivation curves of these strains showed concave and linear tendencies with tail effects, fitting the Weibull and Geeraerd models. Both the inactivation kinetics and the models established for vegetative cells and endospores in this study are conclusive to understand the differences between these biological forms and, consequently, their ability to survive disinfection.
Reconstruction and Visualization of Landslide Events Based on Pre- and Post-Disaster Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Luo Zhaolin , Yang Jiali , Huang Bolin , Chen Wufen , Gao Yishan , Meng Qingkui
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a method to reconstruct and visualize landslide events based on pre- and post-disaster remote sensing data. The proposed method establishes the dynamic equations of the landslide evolution process and calibrates the model parameters based on pre- and post-disaster remote sensing data. Based on the calibrated dynamic equations, we reconstruct and simulate the historical landslide process and visualize the landslide evolution. The experimental results show that our method could dynamically and realistically reconstruct and visualize the landslide evolution process. Moreover, the landslide process simulation can also detect the maximum depth, maximum sliding speed, maximum momentum, and other indicators during the evolution process, and the visualization results can be used for subsequent hazard assessment, engineering implementation, and other applications.
Design and Modeling of a Biotechnological Nanofiltration Module Using Bacterial Cellulose Membranes for the Separation of Oily Mixtures
Authors: Medeiros Alexandre D’Lamare Maia de , Silva Junior Cláudio José Galdino da , Amorim Júlia Didier Pedrosa de , Durval Italo José Batista , Damian Ricardo Barbosa , Cavalcanti Yasmim de Farias , Costa Andréa Fernanda de Santana , Sarubbo Leonie Asfora
Published: May 2023

The environmental impacts of the exploration and use of petroleum and derivatives in recent decades have led to increasing interest in novel materials and processes for the treatment of oily effluents. Oily emulsions are difficult to manage and, in some cases, require different types of treatment or combined methods for phase separation. Sustainable, versatile, innovative biomaterials, such as bacterial cellulose (BC), have considerable applicability potential in mixture separation methods. In the present study, a cellulose membrane produced by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeasts (SCOBY) was investigated with the aim of measuring the characteristics that would enable its use in the treatment of oily wastewater. BC was analyzed through physicochemical characterizations, which demonstrated its porosity (>75%), chemical structure with high cellulose content and a large quantity of intramolecular H bonds, good thermal stability with maximum degradation at temperatures close to 300 °C, high crystallinity (66%), nanofibrils of approximately 84 nm in diameter and mechanical properties that demonstrated tensile strength of up to 65.53 Mpa, stretching of approximately 18.91% and the capacity to support a compression load of around 5 kN with only the loss of free water in its structure. The characteristic data of the membranes were used for the production of a filtering module for oily mixture separation processes. This support was developed with computational fluid dynamics of finite volumes and finite element structural analysis using advanced computer-assisted engineering tools. Lastly, the conceptual, basic project of a low-cost nanofiltration module was obtained; this module could be expanded to the industrial scale, operating with several modules in parallel.
Basin-Scale Geochemical Assessment of Water Quality in the Ganges River during the Dry Season
Authors: Sharma Niharika , Liang Mao-Chang , Laskar Amzad Hussain , Huang Kuo-Fang , Maurya Nityanand Singh , Singh Vikram , Ranjan Ritesh , Maurya Abhayanand Singh
Published: May 2023

Identification of sources and transport pathways of heavy metals and major ions is crucial for effective water quality monitoring, particularly in large river systems. The Ganges river basin, the largest and the most populous river basin in India, remains poorly studied in this regard. We conducted a basin-level analysis of major ions, heavy metals, and stable isotopes of nitrate in the Ganges during the pre-monsoon season to constrain the sources and quantify the inorganic chemical composition of the river during its lean flow. Bedrock weathering, anthropogenic interferences, water contribution through tributaries, and surface water-groundwater interaction were identified as the major driver of metal and ion variability in the river. Heavy metals showed the highest concentrations in the upper section of the river, whereas ionic loads were the most variable in the middle. We find a significant impact of tributaries on the metal and ion concentrations of the Ganges in its lower reaches. Isotopic analysis of dissolved nitrate suggested synthetic fertilizers and industrial wastes as the main sources. We find that the otherwise clean waters of the Ganges can show high ionic/metallic concentrations at isolated stretches (As: up to 36 µg/L), suggesting frequent monitoring in the source region to maintain water quality. Except for water collected from the Yamuna and Kannauj in the middle stretch and the Alaknanda and Rishikesh in the upper stretch, the WQI showed acceptable water quality for the sampled stations. These findings provide an insight into the modifications of dissolved inorganic chemical loads and their sources in different sections of the basin, needed for mitigating site-specific pollution in the river, and a roadmap for evaluating chemical loads in other rivers of the world.
Impacts of Habitat Quality on the Physiology, Ecology, and Economical Value of Mud Crab Scylla sp.: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pati Samar Gourav , Paital Biswaranjan , Panda Falguni , Jena Srikanta , Sahoo Dipak Kumar
Published: May 2023

The water of the mangrove ecosystem and surrounding coastal areas are gradually shrinking due to the intense destruction. Therefore, the effects of the physicochemical properties of the habitat water on the in-habitant species must be studied. Scylla sp. is involved in the food chain and bioturbation structure formation in mangrove forests. Five major electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, AGRICOLA, and Google Scholar, were systematically searched to review the cause and effects of influencing abiotic factors, mainly physicochemical properties of habitat water, including water pollution on Scylla sp. Responses of mud crabs at biochemical, molecular, physiological, growth, reproduction, and production level were independently reviewed or in relation to physicochemical properties of habitat water, pathogens, heavy metals, and harmful chemicals present in their habitat water. Review results suggest that these crabs are mostly under threats of overfishing, varied physicochemical properties of habitat water, pathogens, heavy metals, and chemical toxicants in water, etc. At low temperatures, the expression of calreticulin and heat shock protein-70 mRNA expression is elevated. Like melatonin, the hormone serotonin in mud crabs controls ecdysteroids and methyl farnesoate at 24 °C, 26 ppt salinity, and pH 7.2 of habitat water, facilitating their reproduction physiology. Xenobiotics in habitat water induce toxicity and oxidative stress in mud crabs. These crabs are prone to infection by white spot and rust spot diseases during the winter and spring seasons with varied water temperatures of 10–30 °C. However, elevated (65%) weight gain with higher molting at the juvenile stage can be achieved if crabs are cultured in water and kept in the dark. Their larvae grow better at 30 ± 2 °C with salinity 35 ppt and 12 hL/12 hD day length. So, monitoring habitat water quality is important for crab culture.
Critical Performance Analysis of Four-Wheel Drive Hybrid Electric Vehicles Subjected to Dynamic Operating Conditions
Authors: Pradeep Darsy John , Kumar Yellapragada Venkata Pavan , Siddharth Bollineni Raja , Reddy Challa Pradeep , Amir Mohammad , Khalid Haris M.
Published: May 2023

Hybrid electric vehicle technology (HEVT) is emerging as a reliable alternative to reduce the constraints of battery-only driven pure electric vehicles (EVs). HVET utilizes an electric motor as well as an internal combustion engine for its operation. These components would work on battery power and fossil fuels, respectively, as a source of energy for vehicle mobility. The power is delivered either from battery or fuel or both sources based on user requirements, road conditions, etc. HEVT uses three major propelling systems, namely, front-wheel drive (FWD), rear-wheel drive (RWD), and four-wheel drive (4WD). In these propelling systems, the 4WD model provides torque to all four wheels at the same time. It uses all four wheels to propel thereby offering better driving capability, better traction, and a strong grip on the surface. The 4WD-based HEVs comprise four architectures, namely, series, parallel, series-parallel, and complex. The literature focuses primarily on any one type of architecture for analysis in the context of component optimization, fuel reduction, and energy management. However, a focus on dynamic analysis that gives a real performance insight was not conducted, which is the main motivation for this paper. The proposed work provides an extensive critical performance analysis of all four 4WD architectures subjected to various dynamic operating conditions (continuous, pulse, and step-up accelerations). Under these conditions, various performance parameters such as speed (of vehicle, engine, and motor), power (of engine and battery), battery electrical losses, charge patterns, and fuel consumption are measured and compared. Further, the 4WD architecture performance is validated with FWD and RWD architectures. From MATLAB/Simulink-based evaluation, 4WD HEV architectures have shown superior performance in most of the cases when compared to FWD type and RWD type HEVs. Moreover, 4WD parallel HEV architecture has shown superior performance compared to 4WD series, 4WD series-parallel, and 4WD complex architectures.
Temperature Field Calculation of the Hybrid Heat Pipe Cooled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles Based on Equivalent Thermal Network Method
Authors: Wang Huimin , Zhang Chujie , Guo Liyan , Chen Wei , Zhang Zhen
Published: May 2023

A hybrid heat-pipe cooling structure for the permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles was analyzed in this paper to effectively equalize the axial temperature rise and reduce the average temperature of each heat-generating component in the motor. A temperature field calculation method for the hybrid heat-pipe cooling permanent magnet synchronous motor based on an equivalent thermal network method was proposed in this paper to save computing resources in temperature field analyses for hybrid heat-pipe cooling motors. The results were verified against the simulation results of the computational fluid dynamics method under three common operating conditions for electric vehicles. The error was proven to be within 5%. The calculation time of the proposed method was compared with the computational fluid dynamics method, which demonstrated that the calculation time of the proposed method was within 194 s.
O PROCESSO DE HUMANIZAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL MEDIADO PELOS CONTEÚDOS DA MÚSICA
Authors: Gobbo Gislaine Rossler Rodrigues , Cocato Karina Locilha
Published: May 2023

A música é de todas as artes, a mais subjetiva, pois particulariza as emoções, possibilita a expressão do ser humano e contribui para a humanização. O papel da escola é proporcionar a aquisição de diferentes tipos de linguagem estética, incluindo a musical. O Objetivo do estudo é apresentar situações de ensino na escola considerando a música como fonte sonora, na apreciação na diversidade dos gêneros musicais e na contextualização da música como produto cultural e histórico. Para tanto, explicita-se o processo de humanização, ancorado nas funções psicológica superiores e na situação social do desenvolvimento. Coloca-se a favor da questão, uma sequência didática aplicada por uma professora da Educação Infantil, com a música Outono-Allegro de Antônio Vivaldi, adotando para validação dos fundamentos teóricos, um texto escrito por uma mãe, direcionado à professora, explicitando elementos da humanização defendidos pela Psicologia Histórico Cultural. Os resultados denotam que o processo de humanização do homem é uma possibilidade, pois existem formas de ensino, que elevam esse patamar, incluindo-se os conteúdos da educação musical como linguagem em práticas de contextualização e sentido. A educação musical sensibiliza, alterando a realidade material da criança por meio de uma ação docente que recria e transforma o próprio sujeito.
Existing Data Sources as Tools for Entry-Stage Extension Professionals
Authors: Caillouet Olivia , Benge Matt , Harder Amy
Published: May 2023

Due to the nature of Extension, work across counties differs because efforts are grounded in the needs of a community and intentional programming helps address these needs. A common competency required for entry-stage Extension professionals is program development, which includes planning, design, implementation, and evaluation. Understanding a community's needs is a crucial aspect of the program planning process, yet new Extension professionals may not know where to locate existing information about their communities. Before creating Extension programs, Extension professionals should understand local communities and identify existing data to facilitate the needs assessment phase of program development.
Participant Motivations for Joining an Extension Program
Authors: Waters Phillip , Petrolia Daniel , Walton William
Published: May 2023

We asked participants of Gulf of Mexico, Chesapeake Bay, and Atlantic Coast restoration-focused oyster gardening programs (OGPs) about motivations for joining an OGP and engaging in an activity in general at the gardening site before and after joining an OGP. Regarding motivations to join an OGP, environmental improvement was a stronger motivation than opportunity to learn or fishing improvement, both of which were generally greater than social motivations. Additionally, OGP participation was not significant in changing motivations for engaging in an activity in general at the gardening site, suggesting that a focus on initial motivators for engaging in an associated activity may be key to Extension program volunteer recruiting and retention efforts.
Asymmetrical Obstacles Enable Unilateral Inertial Focusing and Separation in Sinusoidal Microchannel
Authors: Cha Haotian , Dai Yuchen , Hansen Helena H. W. B. , Ouyang Lingxi , Chen Xiangxun , Kang Xiaoyue , An Hongjie , Ta Hang Thu , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Zhang Jun
Published: May 2023

Inertial microfluidics uses the intrinsic fluid inertia in confined channels to manipulate the particles and cells in a simple, high-throughput, and precise manner. Inertial focusing in a straight channel results in several equilibrium positions within the cross sections. Introducing channel curvature and adjusting the cross-sectional aspect ratio and shape can modify inertial focusing positions and can reduce the number of equilibrium positions. In this work, we introduce an innovative way to adjust the inertial focusing and reduce equilibrium positions by embedding asymmetrical obstacle microstructures. We demonstrated that asymmetrical concave obstacles could break the symmetry of original inertial focusing positions, resulting in unilateral focusing. In addition, we characterized the influence of obstacle size and 3 asymmetrical obstacle patterns on unilateral inertial focusing. Finally, we applied differential unilateral focusing on the separation of 10- and 15-μm particles and isolation of brain cancer cells (U87MG) from white blood cells (WBCs), respectively. The results indicated an excellent cancer cell recovery of 96.4% and WBC rejection ratio of 98.81%. After single processing, the purity of the cancer cells was dramatically enhanced from 1.01% to 90.13%, with an 89.24-fold enrichment. We believe that embedding asymmetric concave micro-obstacles is a new strategy to achieve unilateral inertial focusing and separation in curved channels.
Bioinspired Tactile Sensation Based on Synergistic Microcrack-Bristle Structure Design toward High Mechanical Sensitivity and Direction-Resolving Capability
Authors: Zhang Yiqun , Liu Qi , Ren Wenjuan , Song Yangyang , Luo Hua , Han Yangyang , He Liang , Wu Xiaodong , Wang Zhuqing
Published: May 2023

Natural tactile sensation is complex, which involves not only contact force intensity detection but also the perception of the force direction, the surface texture, and other mechanical parameters. Nevertheless, the vast majority of the developed tactile sensors can only detect the normal force, but usually cannot resolve shear force or even distinguish the directions of the force. Here, we present a new paradigm of bioinspired tactile sensors for resolving both the intensity and the directions of mechanical stimulations via synergistic microcrack-bristle structure design and cross-shaped configuration engineering. The microcrack sensing structure gives high mechanical sensitivity to the tactile sensors, and the synergistic bristle structure further amplifies the sensitivity of the sensors. The cross-shaped configuration engineering of the synergistic microcrack-bristle structure further endows the tactile sensors with good capability to detect and distinguish the directions of the applied mechanical forces. The as-fabricated tactile sensors exhibit a high sensitivity (25.76 N
−1
), low detection limit (5.4 mN), desirable stability (over 2,500 cycles), and good capability to resolve both mechanical intensity and directional features. As promising application scenarios, surface texture recognition and biomimetic path explorations are successfully demonstrated with these tactile sensors. This newly proposed tactile sensation strategy and technology have great potential applications in ingenious tactile sensation and construction of various robotic and bionic prostheses with high operational dexterity.
MASALAH MENTAL EMOSIONAL REMAJA SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Kurniawati Indah , Sinta Ai
Published: May 2023

Pandemik Covid-19 yang merupakan ancaman global membuat pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan di segala bidang, salah satunya dalam bidang Pendidikan dengan memutuskan pembelajaran dari rumah (Learning from home). Proses pembelajaran jarak jauh memiliki beberapa dampak seperti ketidaksiapan siswa, kurangnya interaksi dengan teman, penugasan dan pembelajaran yang singkat membuat siswa rentan mengalami masalah mental emosional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran status mental emosional pada remaja selama menjalankan proses pembelajaran jarak jauh pada masa pandemic Covid-19.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 240 responden dengan teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling.

Hasil analisis data penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 60% responden memiliki resiko masalah mental emosional, dengan usia 16 tahun paling tinggi mengalami resiko masalah mental emosional sebesar 57,6% dan jenis kelamin perempuan paling banyak yang beresiko mengalami mental emosional sebanyak 68,5%.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sebagian besar remaja mengalami resiko terjadinya masalah mental emosional dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh selama masa pandemic Covid-19.

Diperlukan adanya peran orang tua dalam memberikan dukungan keluarga pada remaja selama menjalankan proses pembelajaran jarak jauh.
Deskripsi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas XII pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam di SMA Negeri 4 Gorontalo
Authors: Bialangi Nurhayati , Paputungan Fadilah Alawiya , Paputungan Mardjan , Suleman Nita , Arviani Arviani , Kurniawati Erga
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes esai pada materi hidrolisis garam. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 orang siswa SMA Negeri 4 Gorontalo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil persentase rata-rata dari keseluruhan butir soal yaitu sebesar 45% termasuk kedalam kategori cukup. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada tahap memahami masalah sebesar 53.50% termasuk kedalam kategori cukup. Kemampuan pemecahan siswa pada tahap merencanakan pemecahan masalah sebesar 50.75% termasuk kedalam kategori cukup. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada tahap melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian sebesar 46.67% termasuk kedalam kategori cukup. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada tahap memeriksa kembali jawaban yang diperoleh sebesar 24% termasuk kedalam kategori kurang.
Exploring Empathy in The Human Development Perspective and Its Practical Implications Based on The Islamic Foundations
Authors: Rosepti Popi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to figure out the concept of empathy based on human development perspective and find its practical implication in the Islamic teaching, stated in its fundamental foundations, the Quran and hadiths. The exploration of the issue is based on the purpose to analyze the nature of empathy in human development and to provide a source regarding its implication based on Islamic view. Since the values are presumably derived from humanistic psychology (general knowledge), this study also explores the concept that is linked to the value in Islamic traditions. Descriptive qualitative research using a library study is employed to explore both concepts together with a content analysis for its data representation. The finding shows empathy is primed since infancy and continuously develops following the maturity of each stage of life. They develop similar emotion and process of it but different ways in showing their empathetic behaviors. Connecting to the implication in the Islamic teaching, there are 16 points elaborating the concept of empathy; five from the Quran and 11 from hadiths. Most of them are described in various ways of teaching but still closely relate to human social interaction. The result of this study reveals that both psychology and Islam are similar in defining empathy as a universal value in human life which drives people to the ability of understanding others’ feeling and being compassionate on it.
Coping with Objectification: Female English Literature Students’ Physical Identity Development as Emerging Adults
Authors: Zahara Difa Mahya
Published: May 2023

Emerging adulthood is a stage where identity exploration is one of its developmental tasks. As most modern-age emerging adults participate in higher education, educational context becomes decisive in understanding their identity development, including the physical identity (body image) of female college students, especially considering the increasing participation of women in higher education which reflects the necessity to attend to their educational and developmental needs. This study draws qualitative data through a phenomenological study of four female college students of an Islamic university in an urban area of Indonesia, specifically the English Literature students. By applying the feminist theory of objectification and the concept of emerging adulthood, this study aims to understand how female college students experience objectification specific to their educational context and how it impacts their physical identity development as emerging adults. This study finds that objectification is experienced by female college students through the curriculum; learning contents, media, dress codes, and students-lecturers, students-peers, as well as students-staff relationships. The experiences indicate negative views of their physique during the college years reflected in negative subjective experiences (shame, anxiety, disrupted peak motivational states, and diminished awareness of internal bodily states), as well as eating disorder risks. However, an overall positive body image is observed in the current time once graduating which rather reveals a non-appearance-focused physical identity—physical health, comfort, and safety—achieved through contextual and reflective thinking. Thus, this study suggests the implication of college or higher education as a facilitator of emerging adults’ physical identity exploration.
Resilience of Philippine Folklore: An Enduring Heritage and Legacy for the 21st Century
Authors: Eslit Edgar R.
Published: May 2023

This qualitative study analyzed ten popular folklore in the Philippines to identify common themes and patterns related to Filipino values, beliefs, and traditions. The data was collected through a literature review, interviews with experts, and focus group discussions with select members of the community.  The use of modern technology was of the essence in the process. Journals, books, magazines, online sources, and calls were not spared. Thematic analysis was then used to identify key themes and patterns across the folklore gathered. The study found that folklore had significant cultural and historical significance and reflected the diversity of Philippine culture. The implications of the research for understanding the cultural heritage and identity of the Filipino people were discussed, as well as recommendations for promoting and preserving Philippine folklore in contemporary society. The limitations of the study were acknowledged, and directions for future research were suggested. Overall, the study highlights the importance of Philippine folklore as a means of understanding and preserving the country's cultural heritage.
Data driven approach for stochastic DEA in machine learning and artificial intelligence to improve the accuracy, stability, and interpretability of the model
Authors: Sihotang Hengki Tamando , Huang Zhimin , Alesha Aisyah
Published: May 2023

The novelty of this research lies in the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques into stochastic DEA models. While traditional DEA models have been widely used to measure the efficiency of decision-making units, they may not be able to capture complex and nonlinear relationships between inputs and outputs. By integrating advanced machine learning and AI techniques, this research aims to improve the accuracy, stability, and interpretability of stochastic DEA models, providing decision-makers with more reliable and actionable insights. Moreover, this research explores several novel approaches, including the integration of deep learning techniques, ensemble learning, dynamic stochastic DEA models, and explainable AI, to improve the performance of stochastic DEA models. These approaches have the potential to enhance the accuracy of efficiency scores, increase the stability of the model, provide more actionable insights, and improve the model's interpretability. By integrating these approaches into stochastic DEA models, this research aims to provide a comprehensive and effective solution to the problem of measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. This approach has not been explored extensively in the literature, and thus represents a novel and innovative approach to addressing this important research problem.
Efficient optimization algorithms for various machine learning tasks, including classification, regression, and clustering
Authors: Sihotang Hengki Tamando , Albert Marc , Riandari Fristi , Rendell Larry
Published: May 2023

The research on efficient optimization algorithms for machine learning is novel because it addresses several gaps in previous research and proposes new solutions to improve the efficiency and accuracy of machine learning models. Firstly, the proposed research focuses on developing more efficient algorithms for large-scale deep learning. While there have been many optimization algorithms proposed for deep learning, the proposed research aims to develop new algorithms that can handle the complexity and scale of these models and improve their efficiency. Secondly, the proposed research aims to explore the effectiveness of optimization algorithms for different types of machine learning tasks. While many studies have focused on deep learning, the proposed research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of optimization algorithms for other types of machine learning tasks, such as reinforcement learning, unsupervised learning, and semi-supervised learning. Thirdly, the proposed research aims to develop optimization algorithms that can handle noisy and incomplete data, which is a significant challenge for machine learning models. The proposed research aims to develop algorithms that can handle noisy and incomplete data and improve the accuracy of machine learning models. Fourthly, the proposed research aims to develop optimization algorithms that can handle non-convex objective functions. While some optimization techniques have been proposed for non-convex optimization, the proposed research aims to develop new algorithms that can handle these functions and improve the accuracy of machine learning models. The proposed research aims to investigate the trade-off between optimization efficiency and model performance. While previous research has explored this trade-off to some extent, the proposed research aims to develop algorithms that can balance these factors and optimize both efficiency and performance. The proposed research is novel because it addresses several gaps in previous research and proposes new solutions to improve the efficiency and accuracy of machine learning models for various tasks, including classification, regression, and clustering. By developing new algorithms and evaluating their effectiveness for different types of machine learning tasks, the proposed research can advance the field of machine learning and improve the accuracy and efficiency of machine learning models.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mantos Jan Pofer A. , Monreal Portia Menelia D , Castro Rebecca A , Castro Caroline Anne A
Published: May 2023

Background: Apart from its role in bone health, recent developments have shown that vitamin D also has anti-inflammatory properties, and therefore may have a role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children. Objectives: To determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the disease activity of pediatric patients with IBD. Design: Random-effects meta-analysis Data Sources: Studies were searched at Cochrane Library, PubMed, EBSCO Host, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Wiley Online. Review Methods: Experimental studies measuring the effect of vitamin D on the disease activity of pediatric patients with IBD were included. The proportion of disease activity, measured as remission rate or inactivity using Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) or Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI), and the mean and standard deviation of mean serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] level, change in 25(OH)D, and different inflammatory markers [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were extracted or estimated and recorded in an abstraction form. Standardized mean difference and odds ratio were used as summary effect measures and estimated using Stata/Multiprocessor. Results: The serum 25(OH)D (SMD = 1.75, z = 2.33, p = 0.001) and change in 25(OH)D (SMD = 3.37, z = 2.34, p = 0.019) was significantly higher among those who received a high dose of vitamin D. However, a significantly high heterogeneity was estimated (I2 >50%). For the disease activity of IBD, the standard mean difference of mean ESR (SMD = –1.10, z = 5.35, p = 0.001) was significantly lower with high-dose vitamin D. The likelihood of remission rate using the Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) or Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI), and standardized mean difference of CRP were not significantly different among those who received high-dose and low-dose vitamin D. Conclusion: Cognizant of the functions of vitamin D in enhancing intestinal flora balance, regulating immunologic response, and improving intestinal mucosal barrier, vitamin D can be recommended as a supplementary treatment for IBD among the pediatric population. Nevertheless, there is still insufficient evidence for the cut-off level of adequate levels of serum 25(OH)D among pediatric patients with IBD, thus necessitating further studies. Key words: Vitamin D therapy, Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Vitamin D deficiency
Inpatient Parkinson’s Care: Challenges and Special Considerations
Authors: Yu Jeryl Ritzi T
Published: May 2023

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Píldoras formativas geográficas: el régimen fluvial
Authors: García Martínez María Belén
Published: May 2023

En este polimedia se abordan algunas de las claves a tener en cuenta en el estudio del régimen fluvial: fundamentos básicos para su estudio; definición teórica y elementos del régimen; claves para su construcción, descripción e interpretación hidrológica; el registro morfohidrológico en la llanura de inundación, y las principales implicaciones del régimen natural a nivel geomorfológico y ecosistémico. Todo ello acompañado por imágenes, perfiles transversales y figuras que ayudan al espectador a comprender mejor el concepto de régimen fluvial y sus implicaciones. Este polimedia forma parte de la segunda edición de la serie “Píldoras formativas geográficas”.

Este polimedia tiene una función estrictamente docente y va a dirigido tanto a estudiantes universitarios como de bachillerato; así como al público en general interesado en el conocimiento y cuidado de los ríos.

El recurso ayuda a entender el funcionamiento del río como sistema, en el que todas las variables, elementos, procesos y morfologías están interrelacionadas entre sí. Favorece la comprensión sobre la dimensión teórico-práctica del comportamiento del régimen y su vinculación con la dinámica geomorfológica y ecosistémica de los cauces y sus llanuras de inundación. Asimismo, pone de manifiesto la necesidad de mantener en condiciones naturales los principales elementos del régimen ya que de ello depende el buen funcionamiento de los cauces, las llanuras de inundación y la biodiversidad natural de los ríos.
Faktor- Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Lama Rawat Inap Pada Pasien Ckb di Rumah Sakit Mardi Rahayu Kudus Tahun 2021
Authors: Sari Maria Novita , Alvita Galia Wardha
Published: May 2023

Severe head injury or traumatic brain injury is currently one of the most common causes of disability and death globally since the head is the most crucial part of humans. There are several factors that can affect severe head injury patients with acute subdural haemorrhage, i.e. the time between trauma and evaluation of bleeding. Based on observations made at the Mardi Rahayu Kudus Hospital test.This growth depended on the triggering factors in the realm of health services. This study aims to determine the factors related to the length of hospitalization of TBI patients at Mardi Rahayu Kudus Hospital. The type of this research is Retrospective with a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study were all patients diagnosed with TBI at Mardi Rahayu Kudus Hospital. The sampling technique used Total Sampling, and the total sample was 52 respondents. The data analysis technique used the Spearman Rank test. The results of this study obtained the age (p 0.001, rho 0.500); gender (p 0.28, rho 0.150); GCS (p 0.001 rho -0.662); RBG (p 0.001 rho 0.5) factors. Age factor, gender factor, GCS factor, RBG factor affect the length of stay of CKB patients.
Gambaran Tingkat Nyeri Haid (Dysminorhea) pada Remaja Putri di Kelurahan Gedanganak
Authors: Marques Isabel Maria , Suwanti
Published: May 2023

Dysmenorhea is pain felt in the lower abdomen during menstruation caused by uterine muscle spasms. This pain can be felt before and after menstruation which is colicky or continuous. Dysmonorhea often occurs in adolescents. To find out the description of the level of menstrual pain (dysminorhea) in young women in Gedanganak Village. This research is a descriptive research. The population is 1000 young women in the Gedanganak Village and a sample of 91 people with purposive sampling and using the NRS questionnaire with inclusion criteria. Data analysis with frequency distribution. The study showed an overview of the level of menstrual pain in young women in the Gedanganak Village, mostly in the moderate pain category, namely 43 respondents (43%), 7 respondents in the non-pain category (7%), 20 respondents in the mild pain category (20%), and 21 in severe pain. respondents (21%). It is hoped that young women can increase their knowledge and information about handling dysmenorrhea such as reading books, asking health workers or using facilities such as the internet.AbstrakDysmenorhea merupakan nyeri yang dirasakan pada perut bagian bawah selama masa menstruasi yang disebabkan oleh kejang otot uterus. Nyeri ini dapat dirasakan sebelum dan sesudah menstruasi yang bersifat kolik atau terus menerus. Dysmonorhea banyak terjadi pada remaja. Untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat nyeri haid (dysminorhea) pada remaja putri di Kelurahan Gedanganak. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian deskriptif. Populasinya adalah remaja putri di Kelurahan Gedanganak sebanyak 1000 orang dan sampel sebanyak 91 orang dengan purposive sampling dan menggunakan kuesioner NRS dengan kriteria inklusi. Analisa data dengan distribusi frekuensi. Penelitian menunjukkan gambaran tingkat nyeri haid pada remaja putri di Kelurahan Gedanganak sebagian besar kategori nyeri sedang yaitu sebanyak 43 responden (43%), kategori tidak nyeri 7 responden (7%), kategori nyeri ringan 20 responden (20%), dan nyeri berat 21 responden (21%). Diharapkan untuk remaja putri dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan informasi tentang penanganan dysminorhea seperti membaca buku, bertanya kepada petugas kesehatan atau menggunakan fasilitas seperti internet.