bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies in the Ericoideae. II. The new genus Stokoeanthus
Authors: Oliver E. G. H.
Published: July 2015

The new monotypic genus Stokoeanthus is described, its type and only species being the new species S. chionophilus E. G. H. Oliver. The position of the genus in the subfamily, its relationships and the reasons for its establishment are given.
Asexual nuclear division in Neocosmospora
Authors: Van Warmelo K. T.
Published: July 2015

A fungus isolated from soybean stem material showed marked similarities to two existing species of Neocosmospora, i.e. N. vasinfecta E. F. Smith and N. africana von Arx. The processes of somatic nuclear division in authentic cultures of these two species and the new isolate were examined to determine the nature of the mechanism of nuclear division and whether there were any differences among the cultures. No significant differences were observed. The divisions showed asynchronous anaphase disjunction but there was no evidence of aneuploidy or irregular reconstitution of daughter nuclei. Nuclear division was interpreted as being strictly mitotic.
RUTACEAE
Authors: Ross J. H.
Published: July 2015

ZANTHOXYLUM LEPRIEURII*, A NEW RECORD FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA
Further data on the climate of the Alpine Vegetation Belt of eastern Lesotho
Authors: Killick D. J. B.
Published: July 2015

Rainfall data from 31 stations in the Alpine Vegetation Belt of eastern Lesotho, together with temperature, relative humidity and evaporation data from Letseng-la-Draai are presented and discussed, and comparisons, where possible, are made with data from Mokhotlong in the Subalpine Belt.
Cape Hangklip area. II. The vegetation*
Authors: Boucher C.
Published: July 2015

Various habitat factors influencing the fynbos vegetation of the Cape Hangklip area, such as topography, geology, soil and climate and historical features, are outlined. Data collected at 250 sampling sites are ordered using the Braun-Blanquet table method. The vegetation is subdivided into three main categories, namely coastal plain vegetation, mountain vegetation and riparian vegetation. A total of 29 communities is distinguished and related to habitat features. Aggressive introduced species which have become naturalized in the area, are also listed. A map showing the distribution of the plant communities is included.
Miscellaneous note
Authors: Taylor H. C. , Kruger F. J.
Published: July 2015

A FIRST ATTEMPT TO MEASURE TEMPERATURES OF FIRE IN FYNBOS
Candida fermenticarens—a. new yeast from arboricole lichen
Authors: Van der Walt J. P.
Published: July 2015

Two strains of an undescribed  Candida species were recovered from arboricole lichen collected in the eastern Cape. A description of the new species, Candida fermenticarens, is given.
The genus Pachytichospora gen. nov. (Saccharomycetaceae)
Authors: Van der Walt J. P.
Published: July 2015

On the basis of the ultra-structural features of its ascospores, the species originally described as Saccharomyces transvaalensis, is transferred to the new genus Pachytichospora. The diagnosis for the new genus is given.
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Authors: Dyer R. A.
Published: July 2015

NEW RECORDS OF  BRACHYSTELMA
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Authors: Dyer R. A.
Published: July 2015

NEW RECORDS OF  CEROPEGIA
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Authors: Dyer R. A.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF STAPELIA
Musci austro-africani II. Bryophyte collections in southern Africa and southern African type specimens in the National Herbarium, Pretoria
Authors: Magill R. E.
Published: July 2015

A brief review of bryological collections and collectors in southern Africa introduces a catalogue of southern African type specimens housed in the National Herbarium, Pretoria. The type catalogue, arranged alphabetically by basionym, includes correct names, type status and label data.
Translocation heterozygosity in southern African species of Viscum
Authors: Wiens D. , Barlow B. A.
Published: July 2015

Sex-associated and floating translocation complexes are characteristic of dioecious species of  Viscum,  but are virtually absent in monoecious species. The majority of dioecious species has fixed sex-associated translocation complexes with the male being the heterozygous sex. The sex-associated multivalent is usually O4 (ring-of-four) or O6 , rarely O8 . Dioecious species without sex-associated translocations are much less common. Most of the dioecious species are also polymorphic for floating translocations, producing one or more additional multivalents ranging from O4 to O12. Floating translocations may be more frequent in species that do not have sex-associated translocations. Supernumerary chromosomes are also present in several species. Sex ratios are at unity in most dioecious species, but female-biased ratios may occur in some species. The high correlation between dioecy and translocation heterozygosity suggests that translocations are primarily associated with the origin and establishment of dioecy. Any róle in the maintenance of biased sex ratios through meiotic drive is probably secondary. Sex-associated translocations may serve to stabilize dioecy by bringing the sex factors into close linkage. Subsequent structural rearrangements within a sex-associated translocation complex may bring the sex factors together in one chromosome pair, releasing floating translocations. The high frequencies of floating translocation heterozygosity in some species indicate that such heterozygosity also has adaptive value.
The genus Cola in southern Africa
Authors: Verdoorn I. C.
Published: July 2015

The two species of Cola that occur in southern Africa are reviewed. C.  natalensis Oliv. is endemic, but C.  greenwayi Brenan has mainly a tropical east African distribution with the eastern Transvaal and northern Zululand speci­mens being the most southerly records. A study o f the available material from tropical east Africa and southern Africa supports the view that C.  microcarpa Brenan is synonymous with  C. greenwayi.
Sexual nuclear division in Neocosmospora
Authors: Warmelo K. T.
Published: July 2015

The process of sexual nuclear division in authentic isolates of Neocosmospora vasinfecta E. F. Smith, N. africana Von Arx and a related species isolated from soybean was studied. No significant differences were found. Six chromosomes were counted in each isolate. There was no evidence of aneuploidy or irregular reconstitution of daughter nuclei. The divisions leading to the formation of binucleate, homokaryotic ascospores were typically meiotic.
CYPERACEAE
Authors: Vorster P. J.
Published: July 2015

THE CORRECT AUTHOR CITATION FOR MARISCUS DUBIUS
POLYGALACEAE
Authors: Paiva J. A. R.
Published: July 2015

A CONSPICUOUS NEW SPECIES OF MURALTIA
Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). V. Merxmuellera macowanii, M. davyi and M. aureocephala
Authors: Ellis R. P.
Published: July 2015

Transverse sections and abaxial epidermal scrapes, of herbarium and freshly fixed leaf blade material, of Merxmuellera macowanii (Stapf) Conert, M. davyi (C. E. Hubb.) Conert and M. aureocephala (J. G. Anders.) Conert, were examined using light microscopy. The leaf anatomy o f these three species is very similar in all respects with the exception o f certain  M. aureocephala specimens. In addition, the anatomy indicates a relationship between these three species and M. disticha (Nees) Conert. This group of species differs anatomically from M. stricta (Schrad.) Nees, and related species such as  M. drakensbergensis (Schweick.) Conert and  M. stereophylla (J. G. Anders.) Conert, in the sequence of vascular bundles along the width of the leaf blade and associated characters. However, the M. aureocephala specimens, not having the  M. disticha type of vascular bundle arrangement, anatomically resemble the M. stricta group of species, and M. aureocephala appears to be intermediate between these two species groups.resemble the M. stricta group of species, and M. aureocephala appears to be intermediate between these two species groups.
Notes on the genus Ficinia (Cyperaceae): morphological variation within the section Bracteosae
Authors: Arnold T. H. , Gordon-Gray K. D.
Published: July 2015

Generic limits of Ficinia are reviewed. Morphological variation within the section Bracteosae Pfeiff. of Ficinia Schrad. (Cyperaceae) is examined and discussed. Diagnostic characters previously in use in classification are reviewed together with a number of new characters. These have enabled the limits of many existing taxa to be refined, and have provided the basis for the establishment of a number of new taxa recently described. Characters examined include: underground organs, leaf sheaths and ligules, leaf blades, inflorescence structure, prophylls, styles, anthers, achenes, gynophores and inflorescence axes.
LILIACEAE
Authors: Obermeyer A. A.
Published: July 2015

RHADAMANTHOPSIS CHANGED TO  DRIMIOIDES
Dune advancement 1937—1977 at the Mlalazi Nature Reserve, Mtunzini, Natal, South Africa, and a preliminary vegetation-succession chronology
Authors: Weisser P. J. , Garland I. F. , Drews B. K.
Published: July 2015

Foredune advancement on a 2 km coastline north of the Siaya Lagoon Mouth was studied using air photos. Between 1937 and 1977 the dunes advanced about 95 m (2,4 m per year). Vegetation was dated according to its position on a  profile. If a 2,4 m per year seaward advancement of the dunes is assumed, the following succession chronology is  obtained: Scaevola thunbergii Foredunes from 0 to 30 years; Passerina rigida Open Dune Scrub 30 to60 years; Closed Dune Scrub 60 to 90 years and Dune Forest beginning at about 90 years. Variation in dune advancement rates on different coastal stretches and for different time intervals was observed and will be reported on later. This dune succession chronology should, therefore, only be seen as a first rough approximation.
The genus Tetradenia Benth. (Lamiaceae). I. African species
Authors: Codd L. E.
Published: July 2015

The genus  Iboza N. E. Br. is placed as a synonym of Tetradenia Benth. and the following new combinations are made:  T. barberae (N.E. Br.) Codd,  T. brevispicata (N.E. Br.) Codd and  T. riparia (Hochst.) Codd.
Centenary of the Natal Herbarium, Durban, 1882-1982
Authors: Shrire B. D.
Published: July 2015

The history of the Natal Herbarium is described from its inception in 1882 to 1982, the year of its centenary. Its history is inextricably linked with that of the Durban Botanic Gardens which started as an Agricultural Garden in 1848, and the Durban Botanic Station. The roles played by various curators and officers-in-charge, especially John Medley Wood, who held office for 32 years and did much to put the Herbarium on the botanical map, are emphasized.
An African knowledge of ethnosystematics and its application totraditional medicine, with particular reference to the medicinal use of the fungus Engleromyces goetzei
Authors: Kokwaro J. O.
Published: July 2015

Botany and medicine have been closely related fields of knowledge throughout the history of man's development. Consequently a folk knowledge of botanical classification (ethnosystematics) is often rooted in traditional medicine. Four factors have contributed to ethnosystematics being particularly well developed in Africa. They are: the continuing importance of traditional medicine; the importance of the spoken word in handing down traditional botanical and medical knowledge; the richness and diversity of the African flora; and the many different languages and dialects used by the African people. Some of the plants used in African traditional medicine are being investigated as sources of antibiotics and other useful substances. An example is the investigation of the fungus  Engleromyces goetzei P. Hennings, whose medical use is described for the first time.
Vegetation changes in the Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Reserve Complex from 1937 to 1975
Authors: Watson H. K. , Macdonald I. A. W.
Published: July 2015

The structural changes that have occurred in the vegetation of the Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Reserve Complex have been quantified using 1937, 1960 and 1975 aerial photographs, and related to the management history. A progressive increase in both tree and shrub cover has occurred. In the short term, both intensive woody plant removal operations and controlled burning applications appear to be effective in retarding the rate of encroachment by shrubs and trees. However, neither was effective in the long term. Significant reductions in tall grass cover attributed to sustained overgrazing have occurred.
OBITUARY
Authors: Codd L. E.
Published: July 2015

JAN ERENS (1911-1982)
Africa and Precambrian biological evolution
Authors: Knoll A. H.
Published: July 2015

African sedimentary rocks and their contained fossils have played a fundamental role in the unravelling of Precambrian biological history. Various lines of evidence including stromatolites, filamentous and coccoidal microfossils, stable isotope ratios, organic carbon distribution, and oxide facies iron formation suggest that a complex prokaryotic ecosystem fueled by photosynthesis, and perhaps including aerobic photoautotrophs, existed as early as 3 500 m.y. ago. The primary sources of data on early Archean life are rock sequences in southern Africa and Australia. The diversity of later Archean (ca. 2 700 m.y.) communities is attested to by abundant and varied stromatolites found in Zimbabwe. The extensive growth and consolidation of continents that heralded the Proterozoic Eon had profound effects on the earth’s biota. Primary productivity must have increased substantially, resulting in the establishment of an 02-rich atmosphere, and, subsequently, the radiation of aerobic respirers. Southern African sequences provide critical evidence bearing on this crust/atmosphere/biota interaction; however, the best known microfossils of this age come from North America. Upper Proterozoic sedimentary rocks abound in Africa. Stromatolites from northwestern Africa have been well studied; however, microfossil occurrences remain but sketchily described. Contemporaneous sequences from Scandinavia and Australia document the initial radiation of eukaryotes in the planktonic realm, as well as a terminal Precambrian episode of extinction among plankters. Early heterotrophic protists are known from several continents. The Nama Group of South West Africa/Namibia contains important evidence of early invertebrates. In general, Precambrian evolution can be viewed as a series of increasingly elevated biological plateaus connected by steps marking relatively short periods of evolutionary innovation and radiation. With each step, communities have increased in complexity, but prokaryote mediated element cycles established early in biological history remain at the core of functioning ecosystems.
Geographical distribution of present-day Cape taxa and their phytogeographical significance
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Linder H. P. , Rourke J. P.
Published: July 2015

The Cape Flora, one of the six floral kingdoms recognized by phytogeographers, is remarkable for its species richness and high degree of endemism, but no overall statistics are as yet available. Several long-term projects have recently been started to enumerate all the species and to record their distribution patterns. The latter aspect has been completed for 1 936 species from the three most characteristic families, i.e. Restionaceae. Ericaceae and Proteaceae, the endemic families and some of the largest genera, i. e. Aspalathus and Muraltia. Computer analysis of the distribution patterns is being undertaken and the species concentrations and centres of endemism are being calculated. The concentration of species in the mountains of the south-western Cape is confirmed and the grid square 3418 BB is found to be the richest. For the groups dealt with, the degree of endemism was found to be as high as 98%. The phytogeographical centres so far outlined agree with those of Weimarck.
Concluding remarks and summary
Authors: Brenan J. P. M.
Published: July 2015

No Abstract Available
Palynological evidence for vegetation patterns in the Transvaal (South Africa) during the late Pleistocene and Holocene
Authors: Scott L.
Published: July 2015

Palynological evidence relating to the nature of Late Quaternary vegetation types and plant migrations in the Transvaal is briefly summarized. It is suggested that, after an early temperate, relatively moist phase and a subsequent relatively dry phase lasting until about 25 000 yr B.P., a vegetation-type with ericaceous elements developed. It resembled belts presently occurring above the treeline and was possibly widespread over the plains of the Transvaal during the last glacial maximum period. In the central parts of the province, warm semi-arid savanna subsequently expanded during the early Holocene and was followed by a more broad-leafed type of woodland in the late Holocene. This change probably resulted from slightly wetter and, at times, also slightly warmer and cooler conditions.
A survey of the coastal vegetation near Port Alfred, eastern Cape
Authors: Lubke R. A.
Published: July 2015

Detailed information on the colonization and succession of the sand dunes, dune slacks and rocky outcrops along the coast between the Riet and Kleinemonde Rivers is provided. The main reasons for the paucity of plants on the vast dune system are the movement of sand by wind and the inconsistent rainfall. Zonation of species along a dune transect is not particularly marked although a greater diversity of species is found in the dune slacks where an increased amount of seepage moisture occurs. Reclamation practices in blow-out areas have resulted in a pioneer cover of indigenous plants which should provide dense coastal scrub if the introduced Acacia cyclops is kept under control. Establishment of plants on the rocky promontories has occurred over a very long time and well developed communities and soils have formed. Salt spray and high winds are major controlling factors in the zonation of species along a gradient in this area.
Quelques exemples camerounais de liaison possible entre phénomênes géologiques et végétation
Authors: Latouzey R.
Published: July 2015

SOME CAMEROON EXAMPLES OF A POSSIBLE CONNECTION BETWEEN GEOLOGICALPHENOMENA AND VEGETATION The paper includes the following: a morphological, ecological and geographical description of the monophytic populations (unique in humid African forests) of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei  (Caesalpiniaceae) in south-east Cameroon; probable relic character of these populations; comparison with other gregarious species in the Caesalpiniaceae and Sapotaceae; hypothesis of the reduction of hydrostatic levels; — the same hypothesis related to the deep forested valleys of the Sudano-Zambezi plateau of Adamaoua in the centre of Cameroon and —  a study of a sandstone ‘inselberg,’ overhanging the dense humid evergreen forest of south-west Cameroon, with compound vegetation (a type of ‘miombo’ but including maritime littoral plants as well as endemic elements); hypothesis of recent epirogenic movements, of tectonic movements, of volcanic effects (Mont Cameroun).
The genus Trematocarpus (Sarcodiaceae, Rhodophyta) in southern Africa and the exclusion of Sphaerococcus (Chondrus) scutellatus
Authors: Simons R. H.
Published: July 2015

Trematocarpus Kützing in southern Africa is found to comprise four taxa in three species: newly described is T.  fragilis (Ag.) De Toni var. divaricatus Simons, var. nov. Two of the species, T. flabellatus (J. Ag.) De Toni and T.  affinis (J. Ag.) De Toni are restored to independent specific rank after being regarded as synonyms of T.  scutellatus (Her.) Searles. It is shown that  Sphaerococcus (Chondrus) scutellatus Her., the basionym of  T.  scutellatus refers to a species of Gigartina, therefore a new combination Gigartina scutellata (Her.) Simons is made for this species which was formerly known as G. fastigiata J. Ag. and G. scabiosa (Kiitz.) Papenf. Trematocarpus elongatus Kiitz. is relegated to synonymy under T. fragilis var.  divaricatus.
Evolution of succulent Euphorbia,/i> as interpreted from latex composition
Authors: Mahlberg P. G. , Pleszynska J. , Rauh W. , Schnepf E.
Published: July 2015

The morphology of starch grains and the gas-liquid chromatographic profile of triterpenes derived from latex of the nonarticulated laticifer of succulent African  Euphorbia were examined for their applicability to interpret phylogenetic relationships of this genus. Several trends in starch grain morphology and triterpene composition were evident in the 38 examined taxa. Rod shaped grains, interpreted to be conservative, occurred in only a few taxa in several dwarf groups. Grains of osteoid shape prevailed in most taxa. Highly osteoid grains possessing lobed ends represented the most complex form and were present in some taxa endemic to Madagascar. Triterpene profiles which contained from 2 to 14 or more compounds were derived from all taxa. Each taxon possessed a characteristic profile, or identifying fingerprint. The composition of the profile differed quantitatively and qualitatively among taxa. Taxa with few triterpenes, tentatively interpreted as primitive, occurred in dwarf forms, whereas Madagascan taxa tended to possess high numbers of triterpenes reflective of specialization. This study supports the interpretation that laticifer starch grain morphology and triterpene composition, both gene mediated stable markers, can be employed to determine and correlate phylogenetic relationships between taxa of this complex genus.
Fundamental features of modern inflorescence morphology
Authors: Weberling F.
Published: July 2015

Great diversity is found in inflorescences of angiosperms. According to Troll this is due to the variation of two types only: the polytelic and the monotelic type. In the monotelic inflorescence, the apex of the inflorescence axis commonly ends with a terminal flower. This also applies to all the floral branches below the terminal flower. All of these branches, whether branched or not, proved to be homologous elements, and they are all referred to by the term ‘paracladia’ because these branches repeat the structure of the main axis of the flowering system. Accordingly, their ramifications are called paracladia of the 2nd to nth order. Since by the presence of the paracladia the number of flowers in the flowering system is increased, they may be called ‘enriching branches’. Consequently the whole area which produces the enriching branches may be designated as an ‘enriching field’. In the lower part of the flowering shoot this zone is commonly preceded by a ‘field of inhibition’ within which the development of paracladia is inhibited more or less abruptly. The same zonation can be recognized in the individual paracladia if these are not reduced in any way. In perennials, the axillary buds at the base of the whole stem do not develop within the same season, but will give rise to the innovation shoots at the beginning of the following season. Therefore this area has to be distinguished as a ‘field of innovation’. The polytelic type of inflorescence probably has been derived repeatedly from the monotelic during the evolution of angiosperms by reduction of the terminal flower and specialization of the paracladia of the monotelic system. The distal elements are reduced to single lateral flowers or lateral cymes (partial florescences) which constitute elements of an apical system composed of lateral flowers. Instead of ending in a single flower, the floral axis thus terminates in a multi-flowered so-called polytelic ‘florescence’. The lower lateral branches repeat the structure of the main stem by producing (indefinite) florescences themselves and therefore may be termedparacladia (of the polytelic system). As in monotelic inflorescences the area of paracladia — the ‘enriching field’ — can be preceded by a ‘field of inhibition’ and, in perennial plants, by a ‘field of innovation’.Though generally we may confirm that the inflorescences of all species investigated (about 20 000 from nearly all angiosperm families) proved to be variations of one of the two fundamental types, it sometimes needs morphological experience to apply Troll’s system to woody plants of tropical regions. Difficulties may derive from prolepsis and syllepsis of the innovation shoots, prolification of the inflorescence axis and, abundantly, by the deficiency of clearly marked limits between sprouts growing in different seasons. In each of such cases, however, the homologous flower-bearing-elements can be identified by comparing their positions within the whole system of ramification.
The conservation of Aloe polyphylla endemic to Lesotho
Authors: Talukdar S.
Published: July 2015

Aloe polyphylla Schonl. ex Pillans, the spiral aloe, has been declared a protected species in Lesotho since 1938, yet the plant has been declining in number. Since then changes have taken place, including accelerated road building programmes, which make the problem of conservation of the species in its natural habitat even more acute. Problems connected with this rare species are discussed. It is concluded that, whereas measures initiated show some success, much more needs to be done.
Flora reports
Authors: Bamps P.
Published: July 2015

RAPPORT  SUR  LA  FLORE  D’AFRIQUE  CENTRALE 1978-1981
Flora reports
Authors: Moggi G.
Published: July 2015

REPORT ON THE ADUMBRATIO FLORAE AETHIOPICAE
The genus Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach in Africa and a new genus Rabdosiella Codd (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Codd L. E.
Published: July 2015

The typification of the genus Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach and its occurrence in Africa are discussed; an allied genus Rabdosiella Codd is described and the combinations R. calycina (Benth.) Codd and R. ternifolia (D.Don) Codd (the latter an Indian species) are effected.
CYPERACEAE
Authors: Reid C. , Arnold T. H.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF CARPHA FROM THE NATAL DRAKENSBERG, SOUTH AFRICA
Embryo sac development in some South African Lantana species (Verbenaceae)
Authors: Spies J. J.
Published: July 2015

Evidence that the South African Lantana camara L. complex only produces sexual embryo sacs is provided. It is shown that the archesporium occasionally divides mitotically and that both archesporia form tetrads. The chalazal megaspore of one tetrad and the micropylar megaspore of the second tetrad develop into Polygonum type embryo sacs. L. rugosa Thunb. also forms Polygonum type embryo sacs. The L. rugosa embryo sac has a much more densely packed cytoplasm, smaller vacuole and the position of the polar nuclei differs from that of the L. camara embryo sac. It is possible to distinguish between  L. camara and  L. rugosa on their embryo sac morphology alone.
ORCHIDACEAE
Authors: Anthony Nicola C.
Published: July 2015

NEW COMBINATIONS IN HERSCHELIANTHE
A taxonomic revision of the type section of Pelargonium L’Hérit. (Geraniaceae)
Authors: Van der Walt J. J. A.
Published: July 2015

Twenty four species are recognized in this taxonomic treatment of the section Pelargonium which was last revised by Knuth in 1912, Most species occur in the south-western, southern and eastern Cape where they usually grow in rather moist, semi-shaded habitats, A key to the identification o f the species has been compiled, and at least one illustration as well as a distribution map is presented for each species. The section is considered to be the most primitive section of the genus with a basic chromosome number of x = 11.
The development from kinetic coefficients of a predictive model for the growth of Eichhomia crassipes in the field. I. Generating kinetic coefficients for the model in greenhouse culture
Authors: Musil C. F. , Breen C. M.
Published: July 2015

The kinetics of N- and P- limited growth of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart .) Solms were investigated in greenhouse culture with the object of developing a model for predicting population sizes, yields, growth rates and frequencies and amounts of harvest, under varying conditions of nutrient loading and climate, to control both nutrient inputs and excessive growth in eutrophied aquatic systems. The kinetic coefficients, maximum specific growth rate (Umax), half saturation coefficient (Ks) and yield coefficient (Yc) were measured under N and P limitation in replicated batch culture experiments. Umax values and Ks concentrations derived under N limitation ranged from 5,37 to 8,86% d + and from 400 to 1 506 µg  N ℓ1respectively. Those derived under P limitation ranged from 4,51 to 10,89% d 1 and from 41 to 162 fig P ℓ1 respectively. Yc values (fresh mass basis) determined ranged from 1 660 to 1 981 (87 to 98 dry mass basis) for N and from 16 431 to 18 671 (867 to 980 dry mass basis) for P. The reciprocals of Yc values (dry mass basis), expressed as percentages, adequately estimated the minimum limiting concentrations of N and P {% dry mass) in the plant tissues. Kinetic coefficients determined are compared with those reported for algae. The experimental method used and results obtained are critically assessed.
AMARYLLIDACEAE
Authors: Douglas K. H.
Published: July 2015

THE IDENTITY OF AIERINE FLEXUOSA
ORCHIDACEAE
Authors: Linder H. P.
Published: July 2015

A NEW NAME FOR DISA PATENS
PTERIDOPHYTA
Authors: Anthony Nicola C. , Schelpe E. A.
Published: July 2015

TWO NEW TAXA AND A NEW COMBINATION IN SOUTHERN AFRICAN PTERIDOPHYTA
Evidence of a volatile attractant in Ficus ingens (Moraceae)*
Authors: Barker N. P.
Published: July 2015

The relationship between the fig Ficus ingens (Miq.) Miq. and its wasp pollinator, Platyscapa soranu Wiebes, was studied. A mechanism of pollinator attraction is discussed and corroboration obtained by using gas chromatography to show the presence of volatile compounds. These compounds are shown to be released at the female phase of the fig’s flowering eyclc. These data are correlated to pollinator behaviour and visitation data obtained from field observations.
Revision of the genus Dombeya (Sterculiaceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Verdoon I. C. , Herman P. P. J.
Published: July 2015

The species of Dombeya Cav. occurring in southern Africa are revised and a key is provided to the eight species present in the region. A new record for southern Africa, D. quinqueseta (Del.) Exell, is included.
ACANTHACEAE
Authors: Immelman K.
Published: July 2015

NOTES ON SOUTHERN AFRICAN SPECIES OF JUSTICIA L.
CYPERACEAE
Authors: Reid C.
Published: July 2015

CYPERACEAE NEW TO THE FLORA OF NATAL
PERTUSARIACEAE
Authors: Brusse F.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF PERTUSARIA
The plant ecology of the farm Groothoek, Thabazimbi District. III. An annotated checklist
Authors: Westfall R. H. , Van Rooyen N. , Theron G. K.
Published: July 2015

A checklist of 332 plant species representing 226 genera and 84 families is given for the farm Groothoek, Thabazimbi District, Transvaal. The annotations are growth form, utilization class and voucher specimen.
A checklist of Pteridophyta of the north-eastern Orange Free State
Authors: Roux J. P.
Published: July 2015

A checklist of Pteridophyta recorded within a defined area of the north-eastern Orange Free State is presented. The geology, climate and vegetation of this area are discussed in brief.
Miscellaneous note
Authors: Panagos M. D. , Westfall R. H. , Scheepers J. C.
Published: July 2015

BASELINE DATA FOR THE VEGETATION OF TWO PROTECTED PLOTS AT THE MATIMBA POWER STATION, ELLISRAS, NW TRANSVAAL
ASTERACEAE
Authors: Germishuizen G.
Published: July 2015

A NEW' RECORD FOR NATAL AND THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN FLORA REGION
Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). XV. The genus Elytrophorus
Authors: Ellis R. P.
Published: July 2015

The leaf anatomy of  Elytrophorus globularis Hack, and  E. spicatus (Willd.) A. Camus is described and illustrated from freshly fixed material from SWA/Namibia and Botswana. It is shown that these two species are anatomically indistinguishable. It is suggested that they are conspecific. and that  E. spicatus possibly represents juvenile plants with immature inflorescences. The anatomical evidence strongly refutes a chloridoid relationship for Elytrophorus but appears to support arundinoid affinities for the genus. Striking anatomical and ecological similarities exist between  Elytrophorus and  Sacciolepis huillensis (Rendle) Stapf. No significant leaf anatomical differences separate  Elytrophorus from S.  huillensis and some of the other C3 panicoid taxa and. consequently,  Elytro­phorus may represent a link between the Arundinoideae and the Panicoideae.
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Authors: Nicholas A.
Published: July 2015

NOTES ON ASCLEPIAS DIPLOGLOSSA, A . COGNATA AND A. FLAVA
ERYSIPHACEAE
Authors: Gorter G. J. M. A. , Eicker A.
Published: July 2015

TWO NEW OIDIUM SPECIES FROM THE TRANSVAAL
LICHINACEAE: A NEW SPECIES OF GONOHYMENIA FROM ETOSHA PAN LIMESTONE
Authors: Brusse F.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF GONOHYMENIA FROM ETOSHA PAN LIMESTONE
Species groups in the genus Ehrharta (Poaceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Gibbs Russell G. E. , Ellis R. P.
Published: July 2015

Ehrharta Thunb. is a genus of Gondwanaland distribution with its centre of diversity in the winter rainfall Fynbos Biome of southern Africa. In recent subfamily treatments Ehrharta has proved difficult to place satisfactorily, and during the past five years it has been moved between Bambusoideae and Arundinoideae. However, most previous systematic studies using cryptic characters have covered only four taxa out of about 35. The present study includes all African taxa, and demarcates seven species groups on the basis of both spikelet morphology and leaf blade anatomy. Parallelism and/or convergence in vegetative macromorphology within and between the species groups is widespread, and is similar, in some cases, to adaptations found in other plant families in the Fynbos Biome. However, these macromorphological trends are not reflected in the leaf anatomy. Leaf anatomy is generally consistent with the spikelet morphology. Some anatomical differences between the species groups in Ehrharta appear to be as great as differences between taxa of much higher ranks elsewhere in the Poaceae. This wide range of variability may be related to an early divergence of Ehrharteae from other grasses, as suggested by the Gondwanaland distribution, and may explain the difficulty of placing this fascinating yet baffling genus in a subfamily.
Six cultivars of Solanum macrocarpon (Solanaceae) in Ghana
Authors: Bukenya Z. R. , Hall J. B.
Published: July 2015

The  Solanum macrocarpon complex (the cultivated egg plant) has been studied in Ghana using morphological and experimental methods. Six cultivars belonging to the S.  macrocarpon complex have been recognized and described. The cultivars are  S. macrocarpon ‘Gboma’,  S. macrocarpon ‘Mankessim’,  S. macrocarpon ‘Akwaseho’,  S. macrocarpon ‘Kade’,  S. macrocarpon ‘Sarpeiman’ and  S. macrocarpon ‘Bui’. The very spiny, hairy plant traditionally called S. dasyphyllum is regarded as the wild ancestor from which the cultivars have been derived through a process of crop evolution. The variation within S. macrocarpon complex is attributable to genotypic differences and environmental factors.
Miscellaneous note
Authors: Davis G. W
Published: July 2015

PERFORMANCE OF A LABORATORY-CONSTRUCTED ANEMOMETER UNDER SUMMER FIELD CONDITIONS ON A MOUNTAIN FYNBOS EXPERIMENTAL SITE
CUCURBITACEAE
Authors: Schrire B. D.
Published: July 2015

ORTHOGRAPHIC AMBIGUITY CLARIFIED
LICHENES
Authors: Brusse F.
Published: July 2015

PSATHYROPHLYCTIS, A NEW LICHEN GENUS FROM SOUTHERN AFRICA
Phytogeography of the subtribe Leipoldtiinae (Mesembryanthemaceae)
Authors: Hartmann H. E. K.
Published: July 2015

An investigation of distribution and species frequency of the nine genera of the subtribe Leipoldtiinae shows that two centres of diversity can be distinguished. These coincide more or less with the 'Gariep centre’ in the north and the ’Vanrhynsdorp centre' in the south (both sensu Nordenstam 1969). Speciation seems to have occurred in both centres. The subtribe may have evolved in an arid winter rainfall area which could have been situated outside its present distribution area. The centres of distribution coincide with those observed in both subfamilies of the Mesembryanthemaceae.
A synopsis of the tribe Desmodieae (Fabaceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Schrire B. D.
Published: July 2015

The tribe Desmodieae has a pantropical distribution and is one of the most advanced tribes in the subfamily Papilionoideae. Its greatest centres of development are in tropical Asia and America. Africa is relatively poorly endowed and only four genera comprising 16 species occur in the flora of southern Africa. Many of these species are widespread in the Old World tropics and the few African endemics appear to be closely related to them. A synopsis of the genera Desmodium, Pseudarthria, Alysicarpus and Lespedeza is given for southern Africa.
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 9. R. nigrella and the status of R. capensis
Authors: Perold S. M. , Volk O. H.
Published: July 2015

R. nigrella DC. (Lamarck De Candolle 1815), with which R. capensis auct. non Steph.: S. Amell (1952, 1963), is conspecific, is now also recognized from southern Africa. The thallus is brown marginally and dorsally and has shiny black scales with smooth margins at which coloured and hyaline cells alternate irregularly. Arnell's (1961) records of R. capensis Steph. from the Canary Islands are to be regarded as erroneous. R. capensis Steph. (Stephani in Brunnthaler 1913) is now placed in synonymy under R. limbata Bisch.
PORPIDIACEAE: SCHIZODISCUS, A NEW PORPIDIOID LICHEN GENUS FROM THE DRAKENSBERG
Authors: Brusse F.
Published: July 2015

SCHIZODISCUS, A NEW PORPIDIOID LICHEN GENUS FROM THE DRAKENSBERG
Flora of the Zuurberg National Park. 1. Characterization of major vegetation units
Authors: Van Wyk B-E. , Novellie P. A. , Van Wyk C. M.
Published: July 2015

The distribution of major vegetation units or veld types in the Zuurberg National Park, situated on the eastern limits of the Fynbos Biome, is presented. Structural and floristic criteria are used to describe and map five basic units, namely Afromontane Forest, Subtropical Thicket, Mountain Fynbos, Grassy Fynbos and Grassland.
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 10. Two new white-scaled species of the group ‘Squamatae’: R. argenteolimbata and R. albomata
Authors: Volk O. H. , Perold S. M. , Bornefeld T.
Published: July 2015

Two new white-scaled species,  R. argenteolimbata and  R. albomata  have been isolated by one of us (Volk). R. argenteolimbata has a compact thallus with stiff, regular scales and apolar spores, whereas R. albomata has a somewhat more spongy structure of the thallus, large, frilly, hyaline scales and polar spores.
Studies in the genus Lotononis (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae). 2. Three new species of the section Telina from the Cape Province
Authors: Van Wyk B-E.
Published: July 2015

Three new species of the section  Telina (E. Mey.) Benth of  Lotononis (DC.) Eckl. Zeyh. are described:  L. azureoides B-E. van Wyk, L. gracilifolia B-E. van Wyk and L. lamprifolia B-E. van Wyk. These species appear to be very rare and are known from only a few localities in marginal fynbos areas of the south-western and southern Cape.
Studies in the genus Lotononis (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae). 5. A new species of the L. involucrata group (section Polylobium) from the north-western Cape Province
Authors: Van Wyk B-E.
Published: July 2015

A new species of the section Polylobium (Eckl. Zeyh.) Benth. of Lotononis (DC.) Eckl. Zevh. is described, namely  L racemiflora B-E. van Wyk. The species, known only from a single collection near Clanwilliam in the north­western Cape, is closely related to L involucrata (Berg. ) Benth. and L angustifolia (E. Mey.) Steud.c
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 11. Riccia montana and R. alboporosa, a further two new white-scaled species of the group ‘Squamatae’
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

Another two new endemic species of the subgenus  Riccia. section  Riccia. group ‘Squamatae , are described:  R. montana and R alboporosa. The distribution of R montana is apparently restricted to high altitudes in the Drakensberg and Witteberg Mountain ranges. The species is characterized by ligulate branches, finely spongy dorsal surface and hyaline to white, calcium-encrusted scales.  R alboporosa is found in Namaqualand. but it is rare It can be recognized by the distinctly porous appearance of the dorsal surface due to the presence of large. ± regularly spaced air pores, which are encircled by six or seven radially arranged, wedge-shaped cells that become white on drying, hence the specific epithet.
MELIACEAE
Authors: Williams R.
Published: July 2015

TURRAEA PULCHELLA REDISCOVERED
New taxa, combinations and records of Pteridophyta from southern and central Africa
Authors: Burrows J. E.
Published: July 2015

Four new taxa of ferns are described and illustrated from southern Africa:  Ophioglossum convexum J.E. Burrows, Mohria caffrorum (L.) Desv. var. ferruginea J.E. S.M. Burrows,  Marsilea farinosa Launert subsp. arrecta J.E. Burrows and Asplenium sebungweense J.E. Burrows. The combination of Grammitis rigescens (Bory ex Willd.) J.E. Burrows is made. Ophioglossum thomasii Clausen,  O. rube Hum Welw. ex A. Braun.  Vinana ensiformis Swartz and Asplenium buettneri Hieron. ex Brause are new records for Zimbabwe, while Hymenophyllum splendidum V.d. Bosch and  Asplenium uhligii Hieron. are new records for Malawi and Zimbabwe. Actiniopteris semiflabellata Pichi-Sermolli is recorded from Namibia and Thelypteris oppositiformis (C. Chr.) Ching is recorded from the Transvaal.
A contribution to the pteridophyte flora of Transkei
Authors: Johnson C. T. , Hutchings A.
Published: July 2015

An analysis of the data is presented in three tables and a comparison is made with that of adjacent areas. Lygodium kerstenii*** and  Dryopteris dracomontana are recorded from Transkei for the first time. The 129 species, with their subspecies and varieties (137 taxa in all), in the 51 genera of Transkei are listed. Coded distribution ranges are given for each taxon.
POLYGONACEAE: POLYGONUM HYDROPIPER IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
Authors: Germishuizen G. , Kok P. D. F. , Robbertse P. J.
Published: July 2015

POLYGONUM HYDROPIPER IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
SOUTH AFRICAN GRAMINEAE. a new genus and seven new species
Authors: Stent Sydney M.
Published: July 2015

No abstract available
New species of Erica (Ericaceae) from the Cape Province
Authors: Oliver E. G. H.
Published: July 2015

Three new species of Erica L. (Ericaceae) are described from the southern parts of the Cape Province.  E. amicorum E.G.H. Oliver, an endemic marsh species from the Langeberg near Riversdale, is one of the most distinctive species in the genus on account of its almost free reflexed petals, reflexed stamens and exserted gynoecium. The mat-forming  E. tegetiformis E.G.H Oliver is allied to E. senilis Klotzsch ex Benth. and E. eriophoros Guth. Bol., all occurring at high altitudes in the Cold Bokkeveld and Cedarberg.  E. cunoniensis E.G.H. Oliver is allied to the E. squarrosa Salisb./E.  gysbertii Guth. Bol. complex and is very localized in the mountains of the western part of the Caledon Division near Rooi Els.
POACEAE
Authors: De Winter B.
Published: July 2015

TWO NEW SPECIES OF  STIPAGROSTIS (ARISTIDEAE) FROM THE DUNE-NAMIB DESERT, NAMIBIA
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Authors: Nicholas A. , Goyder D. J.
Published: July 2015

CORONA LOBE VARIATION AND THE GENERIC POSITION OF ASCLEPIAS MACRA
Vegetative morphology and interfire survival strategies in the Cape Fynbos grasses
Authors: Linder H. P.
Published: July 2015

It is shown that there is a wide range of structural variation in the habit of the Arundineae and Ehrharteae of the fynbos of the Cape Floristic Region (Cape Province, South Africa). Structural differences in the bases of the fynbos grasses have been classified into four groups: swollen, knotty tillering, weak and annual. Variation in the position of the innovation buds occurs with one group having basal perennating buds, implying that all the culm material is annual, while the second group has cauline innovation buds, leading to the development of a divaricate perennial herb. The recognition of caducous, mesic (orthophyllous) and sclerophyllous leaf blades is also possible, based on leaf morphology and anatomy. These variations in growth forms allow the classification of the Cape grasses into five guilds adapted for survival in the dense fynbos vegetation that develops between the well-spaced fires in these heathlands. The following guilds have been recognized: competition avoiders that grow on rock ledges and outcrops where competition from shrubby vegetation is reduced; reseeders, that survive the protracted interfire period as seed; geophytes, that survive this period as underground organs; coppicers, that survive as small plants; and competitors, that grow tall by means of cauline innovation buds, and so are able to compete with the shrubby heath vegetation.
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 17. Three new species in section Pilifer: R. elongata, R. ampullacea and R. trachyglossum
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

Species in section Pilifer Volk (1983) are often very difficult to identify (Perold 1990b). Most of them require close examination of the dorsal cell pillars in reasonably fresh collections, as these cells can seldom be reconstituted in long dried material.The three species,  R elongata.  R ampullacea and R trachyglossum, here described as new, have been maintained in cultures for lengthy periods, during which their dorsal cells were studied. The spore ornamentation was also quite useful in separating these species.  R elongata is known from eastern Transvaal,  R. ampullacea from the Witteberg Mountains of the eastern Cape Province and the Drakensberg Mountains of Lesotho and Natal, and R. trachyglossum is so far known only from (he highlands of Lesotho.
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 20.,R. albovestita and its synonyms, R. duthieae and R. sarcosa
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

As has been repeatedly emphasized elsewhere, species in section Pilifer Volk are often very difficult to distinguish (Perold 1990b, 1990c). This is nowhere better illustrated than in the case of R duthieae Volk Perold and  R. sarcosa Volk Perold. both initially described as new species, which are now regarded by me as synonyms of R. albovestita Volk. Comparisons are drawn between the thallus dimensions, dorsal cell pillars, spore ornamention and other characters, in support of the above conclusion. An updated distribution map and a list of the specimens examined are added, because several new collections have been made since the original publications.
ANNONACEAE
Authors: Balkwill K. , Nicholas A.
Published: July 2015

UVARIA GRACILIPES. A NEW SOUTHERN AFRICAN RECORD
CUCURBITACEAE
Authors: De Winter B.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF  CITRULLUS (BENINCASEAE) FROM THE NAMIB DESERT. NAMIBIA
A new species of Merxmuellera (Arundineae, Poaceae) from South Africa
Authors: Barker N. P. , Ellis R. P.
Published: July 2015

Merxmuellera setacea N.P. Barker from the south-western Cape. South Africa, is formally described. Descriptions of the morphology and leaf anatomy, in transectional and surface view, as observed under the light- and scanning electron microscope are given. Comparisons between this taxon and other southern African arundinoid species are made on the basis of morphological and anatomical observations. While the morphology of M setacea is in keeping with the generic limits of Merxmuellera Conert. the leaf blade anatomy appears to be intermediate between Merxmuellera, Pentameris Beauv. and  Pentaschistis (Nees) Spach.
Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). VIII. New species in Erica, section Pseuderemia, from southern Africa
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Oliver Inge M.
Published: July 2015

Three new species are described in the genus Erica L.:  E abbottii E.G.H Oliver, endemic to the South Coast of Natal and neighbouring Transkei.  E. swaziensis E.G.H Oliver, a Swaziland endemic, and  E. ingeana E.G.H Oliver which is confined to the high mountains in the eastern Little Karoo of the Cape Province.
LILIACEAE (ASPHODELACEAE)
Authors: Glen H. F. , Hardy D. S.
Published: July 2015

THE TYPE SPECIMEN OF  ALOE SOUTPANSBERGENSIS
LILIACEAE
Authors: Wijnands D. O.
Published: July 2015

NOTES ON SOME MONOCOTYLEDONEAE DESCRIBED BY N.L. BURMAN: ASPARAGACEAE. ASPHODELACEAE. COLCHICACEAE
ASTERACEAE
Authors: Koekemoer M.
Published: July 2015

NEW SPECIES IN THE GENUS DISPARAGO