bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Variasi Dribbling Sepak Bola Berbasis Vidio di SSB Putra Arema
Authors: Masruhin Masruhin  , Roesdiyanto Roesdiyanto  , Kurniati Rahayuni
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop variations of video-based soccer dribbling exercises at SSB Putra Arema that can be used by coaches as a medium for variations of soccer dribbling exercises that can be applied to players. This research is a research development or Research and Development. The method used is the ADDIE model, but it was modified to ADD, considering the current conditions that are currently in the Covid-19 pandemic which allows for social restrictions in direct interaction with players, this is done due to time and cost constraints. ADDIE research into ADD The development of variations of this exercise is carried out in several stages, namely: 1) needs analysis (Analysis), 2) exercise variation design (Design), 3) product development by validating experts and revisions (Develop). In this study, there was no product trial because the situation was not possible, so the author modified the method used by needs analysis to obtain information by using interviews. Meanwhile, the instrument for validation is using a questionnaire and assessment. The results of this study indicate that variations in soccer dribbling training are appropriate to be used as a guide for variations in soccer dribbling training for coaches
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Bangun Ruang Menggunakan Alat Peraga Kubus dan Balok pada Siswa Kelas VI UPTD SDN 3 Bakam
Authors: Rozali Rozali  , M Iqbal Arrosyad  , Gatot Afrianto
Published: December 2024

study aims to improve students' learning outcomes in understanding geometric shapes, particularly in surface area and volume, through the use of cube and rectangular prism teaching aids. Sixth-grade students at UPTD SD Negeri 3 Bakam often struggle with this topic, primarily due to difficulties in grasping multiplication concepts and related formulas. The method used in this research is a cooperative learning approach with teaching aids designed to facilitate student comprehension. The study was conducted in two cycles. In the pre-cycle phase, only 33.33% of the 21 students scored above the minimum passing grade (70), while 66.67% scored below it. After applying the method in Cycle I, learning mastery increased to 61.33%, with 12 students achieving a score of 70 or above. In Cycle II, learning outcomes improved significantly, with 95.33% of students achieving mastery. Additionally, the teacher's teaching effectiveness improved, with an average score of 82.38, categorized as good. The results indicate that the use of cube and rectangular prism teaching aids can enhance students' understanding of surface area and volume concepts, contributing significantly to their academic performance improvement
Pengembangan Model Work Based Learning Kolaboratif (WBL-K) pada Pelaksanaan Magang di Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Sarah Iasya  , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto  , Nina Sulistyowati
Published: December 2024

The demographic bonus that will occur in Indonesia in 2045 is a challenge as well as an opportunity to immediately prepare competent human resources. The effort to prepare quality human resources is to link and match vocational education with the industrial world through the application of Collaborative Work Based Learning (WBL-K) in internships. The implementation of WBL-K aims to ensure that vocational education has a high level of efficiency and relevance to the needs of the industrial world. The purpose of this study is to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the application of the WBL-K model in the form of internships to improve the competence of polytechnic students. This research is an experimental research conducted at the Jakarta State Polytechnic. The instruments used in this study are in the form of pre-test and post-test questions. The data analysis used in this study is N-Gain and N-Gain difference test using the t-test to determine the practicality and effectiveness of the WBL-K model. Based on the results of the practicality and effectiveness test of the WBL-K model developed, it can be concluded that from the practicality and effectiveness test in the experimental class, the criteria are obtained that the WBL-K model is quite practical and effective in improving student competence.
Beragam Cara, Satu Tujuan: Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi pada Materi Perakitan Produk di SMK Negeri 2 Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Ade Ferdiansyah
Published: December 2024

This study aims to increase student learning participation in creative product and entrepreneurship lessons for product assembly materials at SMK Negeri 2 Tangerang Regency using differentiated learning strategies. This type of research is a case study research. The subjects of this study are grade XII students of TITL 1 SMK Negeri 2 Tangerang Regency in the odd semester of the 2024/2025 school year totaling 51 people. The data collection instruments in this study are class observation and questionnaires. The research method uses a qualitative approach. This research was carried out in three meetings for learning activities, including the provision of treatment according to the learning style of each group. The results of the study show that by using differentiated learning strategies, the level of student learning participation increases. This can be seen from the level of enthusiasm of students in receiving learning. Thus, the researcher concluded that using differentiated learning strategies can increase student learning participation in creative product and entrepreneurship lessons, product assembly materials for grade XII TITL 1 SMK Negeri 2 Tangerang Regency. Therefore, teachers should use learning strategies that are in accordance with the learning needs of students to achieve the learning goals that have been determined. With the implementation of the right learning strategy, students are able to accommodate their learning needs.
Menangani Tantangan Sosial dan Ekonomi di Era Gen Z
Authors: Berwin Anggara  , Annisa Fauziah Masfufah  , Indah Permata Sari  , Lintang Rahayu  , Lukman Hakim  , Mico Prastio  , Olivia Yonata  , Sindi Fatica Sari
Published: December 2024

Generation Z, which includes individuals born between the mid-1990s and the early 2010s, faces various significant social and economic challenges in the modern context. This journal explores key issues faced by Gen Z, including mental health, education costs, job market uncertainty, and social isolation. Additionally, the research identifies the impact of social media and changing social values on their well-being. Through in-depth analysis, this journal proposes a series of mitigation strategies, such as enhancing financial education, improving access to mental health services, and providing skills training relevant to industry needs. By focusing on implementable solutions, this journal aims to offer valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and society in supporting Generation Z in navigating the complex challenges of the digital era.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Perkalian Matematika Siswa Kelas V di Sekolah Inklusi dengan Penerapan Metode Jarimatika
Authors: Oktaviana Dwi Ardianingtyas  , Vivi Rulviana  , Rakini Rakini
Published: December 2024

The goal of this study is to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth-grade students in inclusive schools by applying the Jarimamatics approach of multiplying numbers from 6 to 9. This research was carried out at SDN 02 Taman Kota Madiun. The study method employed is Classroom Action study (PTK), which is conducted in two cycles. Each cycle includes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were all eight class V pupils.Tests, observations, and documentation are some data collection approaches. The Jarimatika technique was used in this research to improve learning outcomes in mathematical multiplication. According to research data, the use of the Jarimatika technique can improve the multiplication skills of class V students. This is proven by an increase in student learning completion by 37.5% from cycle I to 75% in cycle II. Thus, using the Jarimatika approach can increase the accuracy of multiplication calculations for class V inclusive children. It is hoped that teachers can use the Jarimatika technique to improve mathematics learning in subsequent learning materials.
Pemanfaatan Media Kahoot dalam Minat Belajar Siswa Kelas X SMA Al-Jamiatu Daalatul Jannah Sungkai Barat
Authors: Widara Rizqi Ulfa  , Lisa Amillina  , Ahmad Agung Safaat  , Dessy Kurnia Mulyani
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine whether interactive learning media based on Kahoot can increase students' interest in learning. Kahoot is a single media application that can be used in online learning that contains quizzes and games. Interactive learning media such as Kahoot can be used in teaching and learning activities such as holding pretests, practicing questions, reinforcing materials, remedial, and others. The purpose of this study is to determine students' understanding by applying Kahoot as an effective learning medium. This study uses a qualitative method design using a location setting, namely Al Jamiatu Dalatul Jannah High School. Data collection techniques in this study are using observation and interviews
POAC dalam Transformasi Manajemen Sekolah: dari Teori ke Praktik
Authors: Galuh Ajeng Fildzah Amalia  , Fira Aprilia Nur Rahma  , Tri Cahyo Kuswarian  , Hesti Kusumaningrum
Published: December 2024

The implementation of the education system is a major challenge for education to be able to maintain the quality of education and support the sustainability of the institution. Terry's POAC theory (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) is used as a conceptual framework to evaluate and improve the strategies that have been implemented. This study aims to analyze the strategies of Schools in Indonesia in improving the quality of education by using the POAC theory in each School. This study uses a qualitative approach with document analysis and library research techniques to collect data. Data are analyzed through background, discussion and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the POAC strategy implemented by several schools in Indonesia in improving the quality of education includes immature planning, ineffective organizing, inconsistent actuating, and inconsistent controlling. It was found that immature planning, ineffective selection of organizing, inconsistent implementation and continuous supervision are key factors in the lack of success of this strategy. The conclusion is that the POAC strategy in improving the quality of education in Schools in Indonesia has not been implemented properly. Well-organized steps, as well as the use of POAC theory, provide a strong foundation for achieving the desired educational quality goals.
Analisis Kurikulum Merdeka Mengenai Sikap dan Nilai Siswa pada Kelas Menengah Pertama
Authors: Widiyantoro Widiyantoro
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka (Freedom Curriculum) in developing students' attitudes and values at the junior high school level. The Kurikulum Merdeka, which focuses on student-centered and project-based learning, provides teachers with flexibility to integrate Pancasila values, such as mutual cooperation, justice, and tolerance, into learning activities. The findings indicate that this approach positively impacts students' curiosity, creativity, responsibility, as well as critical thinking and collaboration skills. Teachers play a crucial role as facilitators and role models, creating an inclusive and relevant learning environment tailored to students' needs. However, the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka faces challenges, including the readiness of human resources and infrastructure support. This study concludes that the Kurikulum Merdeka holds significant potential to shape students with strong character and global relevance, provided it is supported by collaboration among teachers, families, and communities.
Kesiapan Guru dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Subhan Widiansyah  , Serly Putri Hidayat  , Sauqi Ichsan Kamil  , Ida Dwi Lestari Br Purba  , Usy Rahmawati  , Feby Miftah Azmi Khairo
Published: December 2024

The curriculum is a fundamental component of the education system, designed to meet the evolving needs of society. In 2022, the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology introduced the Merdeka Curriculum as a strategic response to global challenges and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, identify the challenges encountered, and propose strategies to enhance its effectiveness. The research employs a literature review with a qualitative approach, underpinned by Structural Functional Theory to interpret the dynamics of curriculum implementation. The findings reveal significant disparities in teachers’ readiness to understand and implement the curriculum, influenced by factors such as training, resource availability, and institutional support. Major challenges include insufficient infrastructure, gaps in understanding, and resistance to pedagogical innovation. The study concludes that strengthening collaboration among teachers, schools, communities, and the government, combined with intensive training and infrastructure development, can optimize the curriculum’s potential in fostering globally competitive human resources. It is recommended that all stakeholders actively engage in cross-sector collaboration to ensure the sustainable implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.
Minat, Pendapat, dan Aktivitas Remaja terhadap Pembelian Fast Food di Kecamatan Lamongan Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: Chreisty Luzvurry Deisthera  , Rahayu Dewi Soeyono  , Choirul Anna Nur Afifah  , Asrul Bahar
Published: December 2024

Adolescent development sooner or later will experience changes, especially in their lifestyle. Especially people's lifestyles on fast food consumption patterns (fast food). The purpose of this research is to determine teenagers' interests, opinions and activities regarding purchasing fast food in Lamongan District, Lamongan Regency. The sample used was a total of teenagers aged 16-18 years in Lamongan District, Lamongan Regency. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling until 125 respondents were obtained. This research uses quantitative descriptive research with a survey and design research approach cross sectional. This research instrument uses a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses descriptive percentage analysis. The results of this research show that teenagers' interest tends to lead to information seeking and repeat purchases fast food. Teenagers' opinions tend to focus on the safety of long-term consumption and the impact of consumption fast food. Teenagers' activities tend to lead to purchases fast food ≥ 3 times a week and time of purchase. And purchasing decisions tend to be driven by teenagers' opinions and activities. Adolescents' opinions that are in line with their beliefs will rarely involve consuming activities fast food, while opinions that do not match beliefs will influence excessive consumption fast food.
Kedudukan Anak Yang Menjadi Korban Terjadinya Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Dalam Pandangan Viktimologi
Authors: Diaz Riady Bukoting  , Dian Ekawaty Ismail  , Avelia Rahmah Y Mantali
Published: December 2024

This study aims to find out about the position of children who are victims of sexual abuse in view of Victimology. The method used in this study is empirical with qualitative descriptive data analysis that describes and outlines the data and facts of the field. The results of this study show that child abuse is one of the most destructive forms of crime, and often has a long-term impact on victims of abuse. Victimology, in its view as the study of victims of crime, plays an important role in understanding the impact of child abuse, as well as in designing effective treatment and protection approaches.. The protection of children is very important because its violation is a violation of human rights. It can be seen that the position of children towards victims of abuse in the view of victimology provides a better view of victims of crime as a result of human actions that cause mental, physical and social suffering.
Analisis Langkah-Langkah Preventif Yang Dapat Diambil Oleh Content Creator Ketika Hak Orisinalitas Di Langgar Dalam Konten Video
Authors: Pandito Malim Hasayangan Tanjung  , Zalzabila Agnia Husna
Published: December 2024

In the rapidly evolving digital age, video content has become one of the dominant and popular forms of communication. However, with the ease of access and dissemination of content, the risk of originality rights infringement has become increasingly high for content creators. This research aims to analyze the preventive measures that content creators can take when their originality rights are violated in video content. The research method involves analyzing the policies and features of major platforms such as YouTube and TikTok, as well as a review of the concept of copyright in applicable laws. The analysis shows that content creators can take effective preventive measures, including copyright registration, the addition of clear watermarks, active monitoring of content usage, and cooperation with platforms. While challenges remain, consistent preventive efforts and copyright awareness can help content creators protect their original works in the dynamic digital realm. This research provides practical guidance for content creators to maintain the integrity of their creativity and encourage a culture that respects originality rights in the digital environment.
Analisis Asas Keseimbangan Dalam Syarat Dan Ketentuan Layanan PT Commerce Finance Bagi Penerima Pinjaman
Authors: Salwa Salsabila Wibawa  , Arief Suryono
Published: December 2024

This research is a normative legal research with a statutory approach. Shopee Paylater is a method of paying for an item in installments, where people can buy goods now and make payments at a later date in installments for 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, or 24 months on a predetermined due date. This research was conducted to determine the application of the principle of balance in Shopee paylater for loan recipients which is included in a standard agreement and is prone to violating the provisions in the applicable regulations. The result of this research is that the terms and conditions of Shopee paylater for loan recipients have not applied the principle of balance.
Optimalisasi Peran Mediator sebagai Upaya Perdamaian dalam Rangka Mengurangi Angka Perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Soreang Ditinjau dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Terkait
Authors: Elchika Zalfa Athalia Sopian  , Hazar Kusmayanti  , Pupung Faisal
Published: December 2024

The success of a peace effort through mediation is highly dependent on the strategy and skill of the mediator in reconciling couples who are about to divorce. The purpose of this study is to describe the factors related to the legal aspects regarding obstacles to the level of success of mediators as a peace effort in divorce cases and to formulate efforts to optimize the role of mediators in order to reduce the divorce rate in the Soreang Religious Court based on related laws and regulations. This writing uses a normative legal method with analytical descriptive research specifications. The author implements normative law to the facts and practices that occur in the field. Data collection techniques use literature and field studies to collect information on divorce case data and the role of mediators in the Soreang Religious Court. The results of this study indicate that first, the success of peace efforts in divorce cases in the Soreang Religious Court is influenced by various inhibiting factors, including the good faith of the parties who are less cooperative, the influence of legal counsel, the condition of the mediation room is less representative, the parties' lack of understanding of mediation, and the role of the mediator is less than optimal. Second, the mediator's skill and sincerity are the main supporting factors for achieving a successful mediation in the Soreang Religious Court. However, mediators still do not have sufficient skills and professionalism to explain and hold caucuses. This is addressed through education or training programs, as well as enforcement of mediator certification to ensure the quality, credibility, and professionalism of mediators in the Class IB Soreang Religious Court.
Efektivitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa oleh Kepala Desa Bahara Kecamatan Panjalu Kabupaten Ciamis Tahun Anggaran 2022
Authors: Arip Saepul Milah  , Arie Budiawan  , Irfan Nursetiawan
Published: December 2024

Financial management by the Bahara Village Government is one form of implementing the Village Government's authority to manage village assets, but this has not yet shown optimal implementation because there are still problems in managing village finances, namely: The Village Government is less than optimal in discussing and preparing Cost Budget Plans (WED). Making village financial plans still involves wasteful costs. The research objective to be achieved is to determine the effectiveness of village financial management by the Bahara Village Government, Panjalu District, Ciamis Regency, Fiscal Year 2022. The results of the research are that the effectiveness of village financial management by the Bahara Village Government, Panjalu District, Ciamis Regency, Fiscal Year 2022 has not been implemented optimally. Therefore, the Village Government should be more aware of the aspirations conveyed by the community, providing more firmness for supervisors and workers to pay attention to every direction and managerial time.
Peran Kepala Desa dalam Pengelolaan Aset Desa di Desa Pajaten Kecamatan Sidamulih Kabupaten Pangandaran
Authors: Nisa Izqi Naeli  , Irfan Nursetiawan  , Arie Budiawan
Published: December 2024

The problem phenomenon that occurs in managing village assets is due to the lack of role of the Village Government, so that due to these limitations existing village assets are unable to be optimized as a potential for increasing village income. The research objective to be achieved is to describe the role of the Village Government in implementing village asset management in Pajaten Village, Sidamulih District, Pangandaran Regency. This research is descriptive qualitative research, the data obtained is primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques include structured interviews, participant observation and literature study. The results of this research are that the role of the Village Government in Managing Village Assets in Pajaten Village, Sidamulih District, Pangandaran Regency has not been implemented optimally. The obstacle faced is the limited understanding of the Village Government regarding its authority in making a policy product in managing village assets
Pancasila Sebagai Sistem Etika, Etika Kehidupan Berbangsa, dan Perlunya Pancasila sebagai Sistem Etika
Authors: Ashfiya Nur Atqiya  , Ahmad Muhamad Mustain Nasoha  , Resya Pradita Ummu Syuhada  , Restiana Urba Natasyah  , Silva Amelia Darrohmah
Published: December 2024

The life of the Indonesian nation and state is guided by Pancasila as an ethical system. Pancasila as the basis of the state functions as a value system that directs people's behavior towards a just, harmonious and dignified life. In the ethical context of national life, Pancasila teaches important values such as tolerance, justice, humanity and unity. These values help build national unity amidst cultural, religious and ethnic diversity. In the current era of globalization, the urgency of Pancasila as an ethical system is increasingly important because the nation's noble values can be damaged by modern issues such as individualism, materialism and social conflict. Indonesian society can use Pancasila as an ethical guideline to develop ways of thinking and acting that are in accordance with the spirit of mutual cooperation, respect for human rights, and a balance between rights and obligations. Pancasila helps society unite and helps people make decisions, both institutionally and personally. Therefore, internalizing Pancasila values as an ethical system is a strategic effort to maintain the nation's immortality in facing the evolution of the times and realizing national ideals for a just, prosperous and prosperous life.
Malware development: From early viruses to modern cyber threats
Authors: Kovalchuk Denys
Published: December 2024

Malware is one of the biggest threats in the digital environment, as it is constantly evolving and becoming more dangerous. The purpose of this study was to analyse the evolution of malicious software. Historical, comparative and empirical analysis and an assessment of existing security technologies were used to achieve this goal. The main findings revealed several key stages in the development of malicious software. Historical analysis has shown that the evolution of malware has gone through several significant stages, from simple viruses and worms to complex threats such as ransomware and spyware. These changes were driven by technological advances and increased attack capabilities, which allowed malicious software to use new vectors of influence and deception methods. A comparative analysis of modern cyber threats revealed the key characteristics and differences between different types of malwares, including their specific distribution methods and vulnerabilities. It was found that new threats have a more complex architecture and use more innovative tactics, which significantly complicates their detection and neutralisation. An empirical analysis involving the use of threat detection tools provided specific data on malware behaviour in action. A review and testing of modern security methods, including antivirus solutions, intrusion detection systems, and firewalls, showed their strengths and weaknesses, as well as their effectiveness in detecting and preventing new threats. The results of the study highlighted the need for continuous improvement of protection methods, which is critical for effective control of modern cyber threats
Critical Insights into Gig Economy: A Peninsular Malaysia Case Study
Authors: Abdullah Nurhidayah , Ismail Maria Mohd , Murad Muhammad Syariqul Huzni , Jusoff Kamaruzaman , Kurniawan Faizal , Salah Mohammed
Published: December 2024

The rise of the gig workers has transformed the employment landscape, presenting both opportunities and challenges for workers globally. It has disrupted the traditional meaning of ‘employee’ with ambiguous and complex aspects, especially gig workers’ status. Practically, gig workers are individuals working under a contract for service with flexibility and independence elements that give them a sense of autonomy in performing their work. This study delves into the specific case of Peninsular Malay- sia, investigating the issues and challenges gig workers face in the thriving market. The research adopts both library research and qualitative research methods, including interviews using a semi-structured approach. A total of 10 respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured method. The findings revealed that the challenges dwell in the issues of gig workers, which require high-time intervention of governance, policies, and legisla- tion; there is still no definition of gig workers. There is a lack of social protection, an absence of employment contracts, an absence of price regu- latory control, poor operational services, a gap between platform owners and the government, and a piecemeal institutional framework. Hence, this study offered recommendations on how to improve the enforcement.
The Nature of the Obligation to Preserve the Goods in the Contract for the International Sale of Goods
Authors: Mohammed Zahraa Raad , Hussein Akram Mohammed
Published: December 2024

International laws and agreements stipulate the obligations of the seller in the international sales contract at times and the obligations of the buyer at other times, but they do not mention among these obligations specified in their texts the joint obligations imposed on the two parties according to the Circumstances, which is the obligation to preserve the goods, as we find that they were stipulated independently in the texts of articles It is independent of the specific obligations of each of them, and the legal nature of this obligation has not been clarified. Therefore, in this research we will discuss the nature of the obligation to preserve the goods as a joint obligation on both the seller at times and the buyer at other times. Objectives: The study aims to clarify the legal nature of the obligation to preserve goods, as this obligation is based on the fact that the person who has the goods in his possession or at his disposal is obligated to preserve them and protect them from destruction and damage . It is necessary to clarify the legal nature of such an obligation, and determine whether it is an obligation to achieve A goal or a commitment to exercise care, and if it is a commitment to exercise care, what is the amount of care required? Methodology: The study was adopted to clarify the position of laws and agreements on this obligation in terms of stating the position of the Vienna Convention on the International Sale of Goods of 1980, as well as the Hague Convention of 1964, the principles of the European Contract , the American Trade Law, and the English Sale of Goods Law, in addition to stating the position of the Iraqi legislator on this obligation. Results:The result of the research is summarized in explaining the concept of the obligation to preserve goods in the international sales contract by stating its definition in the laws and agreements regulating it, in addition to explaining the discussions that were held at the Vienna Convention conference and how to organize the text of the obligation to preserve, and explaining the result from the nature of this obligation: is it The person obligated to preserve is obligated to achieve a result, and if he does not do so, he is considered in breach, or is his obligation limited to exercising only the necessary diligence, and what is the extent of this diligence? Conclusion: The subject goods to the obligation to preserve require the person obligated to preserve them to take the necessary measures on them for the purpose of preserving them according to what is consistent with their nature and the procedures they require for the purpose of preserving them in a way that protects them from destruction or damage to which they may be exposed.
Social Reporting by Saudi Islamic Banks: A Longitudinal Approach
Authors: Otaibi Faisal A.
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to assess the social reporting practices of Saudi Islamic Banks (IBs) over a 15-year period. It seeks to evaluate the effectiveness with which Saudi IBs meet their social reporting expectations, including Sharia disclosure requirements. Design/methodology/approach: A longitudinal content analysis method was utilised, underpinned by a specifically developed research instrument that is culturally relevant and reflects the unique characteristics of Islamic banking. This approach allows tracking of changes over an extended period and captures the dynamic nature of disclosure practices influenced by both internal ethical mandates and external regulatory pressures. Finding: The findings reveal a moderate disclosure rate of 51.11% across Saudi IBs, with notable deficiencies in crucial areas such as Sharia governance and Qard Hassan. The study identifies a particularly low average disclosure rate of 36% for Sharia governance, indicating a significant gap between IBs’ claims of Sharia adherence and their actual reporting practices. This moderate level of transparency suggests that many areas critical to Islamic principles are not being fully disclosed. Originality: This research contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive longitudinal analysis, which is rare in the field of Islamic banking. It addresses significant gaps within the Saudi context, a pivotal region for Islamic finance, offering new insights into the compliance with Sharia standards over time. The study's methodology and focus on cultural relevance in the development of the research instrument add a novel dimension to the exploration of Islamic banking practices. Research limitations: The reliance on quantitative content analysis methods, which may not fully capture the informal or less documented disclosure practices within Islamic banking, could be a limitation of this study. Additionally, restricting the sample to Saudi Islamic Banks might limit the generalizability of the findings to other Islamic banking contexts or geographical regions. Future research should consider adopting qualitative methods across a broader sample.
Legal Frameworks for AI Regulations
Authors: Dokumacı Melis
Published: December 2024

The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has created transformative opportunities across industries while introducing complex ethical, legal, and social challenges. As AI systems increasingly influence critical areas such as healthcare, finance, and governance, the development of comprehensive legal frameworks becomes paramount to ensure accountability, fairness, and transparency. This research explores the evolution of legal frameworks for AI regulations, focusing on key areas such as algorithmic accountability, data privacy, intellectual property rights, and liability for autonomous decision-making. By examining global regulatory efforts, including the EU’s AI Act and U.S. policy initiatives, the study highlights the challenges of harmonizing legal standards across jurisdictions. The research also addresses emerging issues, such as bias mitigation, transparency in AI development, and the ethical implications of automated decision-making. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this study aims to propose adaptive, forward-looking regulatory models that balance innovation with ethical oversight, fostering trust in AI technologies while safeguarding societal interests.
METHODOLOGY OF COMPUTER MODELING OF DIDACTIC SYSTEMS "TEACHER - STUDENT"
Authors:   Glazov State Engineering Pedagogical University by V.G. Korolenko, Mayer Robert V.
Published: December 2024

The didactic system "teacher-student" is a weakly structured and poorly formalized
object, functioning under conditions of uncertainty and lack of information. Its study requires a
combination of qualitative, mathematical and computer modeling methods. The article considers: 1)
linear and nonlinear models of the "teacher-student" system; 2) a multicomponent model of
assimilation of logically unrelated information; 3) a model of assimilation of logically related
information; 4) a model of assimilation and forgetting of partially related material; 5) a model
taking into account the dependence of the degree of understanding on the speed of receipt of
educational information. The obtained graphs show the change in the amount of student knowledge
during learning and forgetting. The correctness of the proposed models is confirmed by the fact that
their response to changes in parameters and input values corresponds to the objectively existing
patterns of the educational process.
Pharmacogenetic Considerations for Irinotecan Therapy
Authors: Pasternak Amy , Nazzal Maisa
Published: December 2024

Pharmacogenetic testing provides a valuable tool for personalizing irinotecan therapy, which is often used to treat pancreatic cancer, as well as many others such as colorectal cancer. Genetic variability in Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1), which contributes to the metabolism of irinotecan, has been shown to significantly influence the risk of experiencing severe toxicity. Emerging evidence has demonstrated assessing patients for genetic variation in UGT1A1 can help to minimize adverse effects and clinical guidelines for genotype-guided irinotecan dosing are available.
Autoimmune Pancreatitis: Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Hernandez-Barco Yasmin G , Perugino Cory A.
Published: December 2024

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pancreas that has classically been divided into distinct histologic and clinical subtypes [1]. Type I AIP, previously referred to as lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis, is the pancreatic manifestation of IgG4-related disease, which often occurs in the context of multi-organ involvement. In this context, type 1 AIP is most typically associated with IgG4-related cholangitis.  Type II AIP, or idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis, is typically a pancreas-isolated disease although approximately 30% of cases are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).  More recently, type 3 AIP has been described as an immunological sequelae of immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy [2]. This review will focus on the more classic subtypes of AIP, type 1 and 2.  Although AIP is rare, prompt recognition is crucial as early intervention and disease control can prevent complications related to irreversible pancreatic damage such as exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and diabetes mellitus.
Leishmania tarentolae Cell-Free System for Filamentous Protein Expression
Authors: Kalef Dalia Ahmed , Arshad Hafiz Muhammad , Chaudhry Afeefa Kiran
Published: December 2024

Background: In earlier studies, Leishmania tarentolae is known as an expression system due to its post-translational modification. SAG1 and Cyc18 proteins of T. gondii was evaluated for protection against toxoplasmosis. A surface glycoprotein of T. gondii, is a promoter of the immune response and previously studied for vaccine development during the infection. Cyc18 induces IL-12, which can drive Th1 and CD8+ T cell development when bound to CCR5, it rolled to adjuvant the immune response of T. gondii surface protein.
Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of SAG1 (Surface Antigen 1) and TgCyc18 (Cyclophilin 18) considered a  a CCR5 chemochine for Toxoplasma gondii vaccine when expressed in L. tarentolae.
Methods: SAG1 and TgCyc18 genes were cloned and transfected into L. tarentolae. Protein expression and secretion were effectively validated by PCR, immunoblotting, enzyme activity, ELISA, and immunofluor. And features of SAG1 were evaluated mass spectrometry.
Results: Successful transfection of SAG1 and TgCyc18 plasmids and transfected into Leishmania tarentolae, and was confirmed by two steps of PCR. Current study verified that the culture supernatant included positive expression and secretion of the T.gondii protein (SAG1) into the media, indicated by acid phosphatase assay. The characteristics of the SAG1 protein were established using immunofluorescence, immunoblot, ELISA, and mass spectrometry.
Conclusion: This study confirms that L. tarentolae effectively can produces and secretes recombinant T. gondii proteins (SAG1 and TgCyc18), offering a potential platform for vaccine development against toxoplasmosis.
Navigating the Gridlock: Innovative Strategies for Traffic Management and Control
Authors: Abbasova Sakina
Published: December 2024

Urban traffic congestion is a critical challenge that impairs economic efficiency, environmental sustainability, and quality of life in cities worldwide. This article reviews the various strategies and technologies deployed to manage and mitigate urban traffic congestion. It begins with a discussion of traditional traffic control measures, such as traffic signals and law enforcement, and their limitations in densely populated urban areas. The narrative then transitions to innovative technologies, including Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI), which offer dynamic and efficient traffic management solutions. Additionally, the role of comprehensive public transportation systems and strategic urban planning is examined as essential components for reducing vehicular load and promoting sustainable urban mobility. The article concludes by exploring future directions in traffic management, emphasizing autonomous vehicles, smart infrastructure, and integrated mobility solutions. This review highlights the necessity for a multifaceted approach, combining technology, policy, and public engagement to address the complexities of urban traffic congestion effectively.
Historias alemanas. Localismo y Estado Nación en el relato sobre la Alemania decimonónica
Authors: Luengo Jorge
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el modo en que, en la historiografía alemana, se inserta el estudio del localismo como un campo interesante para el conocimiento de la historia contemporánea de Alemania. El uso de la historia cultural dentro del localismo se toma como un eje central de esta corriente y se presta atención al análisis de la identidad y la memoria dentro del binomio local/nación por ser una de las perspectivas más ricas y dinámicas dentro de la investigación en este campo.
El papel de la Monarquía en el desarrollo constitucional europeo
Authors: Lario Ángeles
Published: December 2024

En este artículo presento algunas de las razones que alegaron nuestros Constituyentes para diseñar dos proyectos políticos diferentes. El revolucionario con separación estricta de poderes, de 1812, y el moderado o parlamentario a la muerte de Fernando VII. Se ratifica así la hipótesis de partida: Mientras el primero podía funcionar en una República como la que levantaron las trece colonias, en la que los poderes tenían legitimidades iguales, la elección popular; no pudo servir en una Monarquía con un poder permanente. La razón fue que para asentar la revolución se necesitó fortalecer el Ejecutivo. Mientras en la República se pudo caminar hacia el presidencialismo frente al dominio de la Asamblea, la Monarquía Constitucional y el presidencialismo eran incompatibles. La solución fue aplicar la práctica inglesa de gobierno parlamentario, quedando Europa marcada definitivamente por ese modelo, incluso cuando se convirtió mayoritariamente en republicana.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS (STAD) DAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI
Authors: Nikmah Nikmah
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya: (1). Perbedaan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dan NHT, terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia. (2). Perbedaan siswa yang memiliki motivasi berprestasi kategori tinggi dan rendah terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia. (3).  Interaksi antara pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dan NHT dengan motivasi berprestasi kategori tinggi dan rendah terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2 x 2 dengan isi sel tidak sama.  Populasi adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII semester 2 MTs NW Selayar Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024 Semester 2. Sampel diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling sejumlah dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII.C yang terdiri dari 35 siswa dan VIII.D yang terdiri dari 34. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik angket dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis variansi dua jalan dengan isi sel tidak sama. Setelah uji anava dua jalan dengan isi sel tidak sama dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut anava yaitu komparasi ganda dengan metode Scheffe. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1). Tidak ada Perbedaan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dan NHT, terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa. Fhitung= 0,0112; (2). Ada perbedaan siswa yang memiliki motivasi berprestasi kategori tinggi dan rendah terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa. Fhitung= 7,514. Dari hasil uji komparasi ganda diperoleh bahwa ada perbedaan rerata yang signifikan antara motivasi berprestasi kategori tinggi dan rendah dengan   = 73,13 > = 66,14; (3). Tidak ada interaksi antara pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dan NHT dengan motivasi berprestasi kategori tinggi dan rendah terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia dengan Fhitung= 0,376.
perencanaan pendidikan yang responsif terhadap perubahan sosial: pendekatan inklusif untuk mewujudkan pendidikan berkualitas
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Perubahan sosial yang dinamis menuntut sistem pendidikan untuk adaptif dan responsif terhadap tuntutan zaman. Dalam konteks ini, perencanaan pendidikan yang inklusif menjadi salah satu pendekatan utama untuk mewujudkan pendidikan berkualitas. Artikel ini membahas bagaimana perencanaan pendidikan yang responsif terhadap perubahan sosial, dengan pendekatan inklusif, dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Pendekatan ini melibatkan integrasi berbagai aspek, termasuk kebijakan, kurikulum, dan pelatihan tenaga pendidik, dengan tujuan untuk menjawab tantangan perubahan sosial, seperti kesenjangan sosial, ketidaksetaraan pendidikan, dan perkembangan teknologi.
Pengaruh model problem-based learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dan self efficacy siswa
Authors: Nisa' Kholifatun , Pratama Loviga Denny
Published: December 2024

Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) telah sejalan dengan kondisi di kurikum merdeka. Namun, tidak banyak model ini diterapkan dan diukur melalui kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan self efiicacy siswa. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas antara model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan pembelajaran Langsung dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dan self-efficacy siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimen. Subjek penelitian ini adalah cluster random sampling, yang melibatkan dua kelas sebagai sampel, yaitu kelas VII F yang menerapkan Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan kelas VII E yang menggunakan pembelajaran langsung. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent Sample t-Test untuk menguji pretest, post-test dan angket dengan tingkat signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah adalah 0,000 dan self-efficacy sebesar 0,000. Kedua nilai signifikansi tersebut lebih rendah dari 0,05. Dengan begitu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Problem Based Learning (PBL) memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan self-efficacy siswa berdasarkan penelitian ini.
Insectos visitantes florales de Phytelephas macrocarpa (Arecaceae), una palma dioica al noroeste de la Amazonia peruana
Authors: Ramírez-Castillo Sandro A. , Rodríguez del Castillo Ángel Martín , Grandez-Rios Julio M. , Mejía Kember , Wong-Sato Akira Armando , Rodríguez-Cabrera E. Hanz
Published: December 2024

Phytelephas macrocarpa is a dioecious palm that lacks studies on the entomofauna that visit its flowers in western Amazonia. In this study we identified the insect visitors and their interaction with the inflorescences of P. macrocarpa in two localities in northwestern Peruvian Amazonia. Additionally, the richness and abundance of these insects was determined. For this purpose, six inflorescences were collected per locality (three male and three female). During field trips, the interactions of the insects on the inflorescences were observed. A total of 28 106 insects distributed in 27 species were recorded, where Amazoncharis sp., Aleochara sp. and Anchylorhynchus sp. were the most abundant. Twelve species were also recognized as pollinators, 10 as pollinivores and 5 as saprophagous. The floral visitor community is mainly composed of insects of the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera. The families Staphylinidae, Curculionidae and Nitidulidae are the main pollination-related visitors, which help in the reproductive biology of the palm and, therefore, contribute to the conservation of the species.