bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Central catheter tip migration in critically ill patients
Authors: Merin Roei , Gal-Oz Amir , Adi Nimrod , Vine Jacob , Schvartz Reut , Aconina Reut , Stavi Dekel
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Chest X-ray (CXR) is routinely required for assessing Central Venous Catheter (CVC) tip position after insertion, but there is limited data as to the movement of the tip location during hospitalization. We aimed to assess the migration of Central Venous Catheter (CVC) position, as a significant movement of catheter tip location may challenge some of the daily practice after insertion.

Design and settings

Retrospective, single-center study, conducted in the Intensive Care and Cardiovascular Intensive Care Units in Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center ’Ichilov’, Israel, between January and June 2019.

Patients

We identified 101 patients with a CVC in the Right Internal Jugular (RIJ) with at least two CXRs during hospitalization.

Measurements and results

For each patient, we measured the CVC tip position below the carina level in the first and all consecutive CXRs. The average initial tip position was 1.52 (±1.9) cm (mean±SD) below the carina. The maximal migration distance from the initial insertion position was 1.9 (±1) cm (mean±SD). During follow-up of 2 to 5 days, 92% of all subject’s CVCs remained within the range of the Superior Vena Cava to the top of the right atrium, regardless of the initial positioning.

Conclusions

CVC tip position can migrate significantly during a patient’s early hospitalization period regardless of primary location, although for most patients it will remain within a wide range of the top of the right atrium and the middle of the Superior Vena Cava (SVC), if accepted as well-positioned.
Hospitalization and survival of solid organ transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019: A propensity matched cohort study
Authors: Swan Joshua T. , Rizk Elsie , Jones Stephen L. , Nwana Nwabunie , Nicolas Juan C. , Tran Anh Thu , Xu Jiaqiong , Nisar Tariq , Menser Terri , Yi Stephanie G. , Moore Linda W. , Huang Howard J. , Ghobrial R. Mark , Gaber A. Osama , Knight Richard J.
Published: December 2022

Background

Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are predicted to have worse COVID-19 outcomes due to their compromised immunity. However, this association remains uncertain because published studies have had small sample sizes and variability in chronic comorbidity adjustment.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study conducted at a multihospital health system, we compared COVID-19 outcomes and survival up to 60 days following hospital admission in SOT recipients taking baseline immunosuppressants versus hospitalized control patients.

Results

The study included 4,562 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 (108 SOT recipients and 4,454 controls) from 03/2020 to 08/2020. Mortality at 60 days was higher for SOT recipients (17% SOT vs 10% control; unadjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–2.91, P = 0.04). We then conducted a 1:5 propensity matched cohort analysis (100 SOT recipients; 500 controls) using age, sex, race, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, admission month, and area deprivation index. Within 28 days of admission, SOT recipients had fewer hospital-free days (median; 17 SOT vs 21 control; OR = 0.64, 95%CI 0.46–0.90, P = 0.01) but had similar ICU-free days (OR = 1.20, 95%CI 0.72–2.00, P = 0.49) and ventilator-free days (OR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.53–1.57, P = 0.75). There was no statistically significant difference in 28-day mortality (9% SOT vs 12% control; OR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.36–1.57, P = 0.46) or 60-day mortality (16% SOT vs 14% control; OR = 1.15, 95%CI 0.64–2.08, P = 0.64).

Conclusions

Hospitalized SOT recipients appear to need additional days of hospital care but can achieve short-term mortality outcomes from COVID-19 that are similar to non-SOT recipients in a propensity matched cohort study.
Ironic effects of political ideology and increased risk-taking in Ohio drivers during COVID-19 shutdown
Authors: Shihab Mason Alexander , Shoots-Reinhard Brittany
Published: December 2022

In March 2020, Ohio, along with many other states, enacted a stay-at-home order (i.e., “shutdown”) to limit the spread of COVID-19. As a result of lower traffic, crashes should also have declined. We investigated whether crash rates declined in Ohio during the stay-at-home order and explore possible predictors for the decrease, such as reduced travel in compliance with the order, along with speeding, alcohol, and drug use. In addition, we examined whether support for President Trump would relate to greater travel and greater crashes (particularly during the stay-at-home order, when greater travel indicated lower compliance). The overall rate of crashes fell as people stayed home, mainly due to a decline in minor crashes. In contrast, the rate of serious crashes did not fall. Instead, percentage of alcohol-related crashes increased during the stay-at-home order, and the reduction in travel was associated with greater speeding-related crashes. Because alcohol and speeding tend to increase crash severity, these two factors may explain why severe crash rates were not reduced by lower traffic. Instead, it appears that those drivers remaining on the roads during the shutdown may have been more prone to risky behaviors, evidenced by a greater percentage of alcohol-related crashes across the state during the shutdown and greater speed-related crashes in counties with less traffic. In addition, county-level support for President Trump indirectly predicted greater rates of crashes (of all types) via increased travel (i.e., lower compliance with the shutdown), even while controlling for county-level income, rurality, and Appalachian region. Importantly, this mediated effect was stronger during the weeks of the shutdown, when greater travel indicated lower compliance. Thus, lower compliance with the stay-at-home order and increased risky driving behaviors by remaining drivers may explain why lower traffic did not lead to lower serious crashes.
After the return from Lager: the literature of post-memory in Italy
Authors: D'Alessandro Barbara
Published: December 2022

The paper explores the problems related to the idea of intergenerational transfer of memory, using the structure coined by Marianne Hirsch with the word postmemory, and analyzes in particular the case of the translingual author Edith Bruck, a representative of first generation, who experienced the persecutions first hand. In particular will be taken into account the book Signora Auschwitz (1999), that reflects on the impossibility of overcoming the horror of the Lager, despite the act of witnessing, and the last book released Il pane perduto (2021). Finally, the paper focuses on the second generation of Jews, trying to show how we can talk also in Italy of a «postmemorian literature» for what concerns the trauma of the Shoah, starting from the case of Helena Janeczek (Lezioni di tenebra, 1997).
Contrarretornos: nación y cosmopolitismo en el exilio español
Authors: Gómez L-Quiñones Antonio
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo defiende que la literatura del exilio español necesita ser reinterpretada contra dos modelos de historiografía y hermenéutica literarias, el nacional(ista) y el cosmopolita, esto es, el que aspira a su plena repatriación y el que simplemente celebra su extraterritorialidad, su no pertenencia a ningún canon nacional. A pesar de los esfuerzos de reintegración realizados a partir de los años ochenta, esta narrativa, poesía y teatro ocupan una posición limítrofe, precaria y ambigua en el marco de la institución de la literatura española. Por otra parte, su celebración cosmopolita incurre en simplificaciones, y obvia importantes problemas políticos y culturales. Las letras del exilio se hallan instaladas, en definitiva, en un retorno simultáneamente incesante e imposible. A partir de este marco conceptual, se analizan un ensayo de Francisco Ayala, un cuento de Max Aub y dos poemas de Concha Méndez y Marina Romero.
Las teorías ficcionales en el realismo maravilloso. Hacia una definición semántico-extensional del género
Authors: Martínez Ballestrín Raquel
Published: December 2022

En la estructuración del modelo de mundo del realismo maravilloso se produce la convivencia de elementos naturales y sobrenaturales que, sin embargo, no traban contradicción en la obra, conduciendo a una valoración verosímil del conjunto de la obra. No obstante, el análisis inmanentista desde el que ha sido abordada la problemática no logra explicar la composición semántico-extensional de este modelo de mundo ni sus relaciones en el pacto ficcional. Frente a ello, las teorías ficcionales permiten caracterizar el género desde los elementos constitutivos del mundo desarrollado en la obra y el acto de recepción. Por lo tanto, llevamos a cabo el estudio del realismo maravilloso desde la apertura pragmática de las modalidades aplicadas para su análisis, prestando atención al pacto ficcional. Desde estas consideraciones se alcanza una primera propuesta descriptiva del modelo de mundo mágico-realista a partir de su inclusión en los mundos diádicos.
¿Odiseo memorioso o mentiroso? Relato testimonial, cuento de mentiras y batallitas de soldados viejos
Authors: Pedrosa José Manuel
Published: December 2022

El soldado que regresa a su casa viejo, pobre y narrador de aventuras bélicas es un tipo de personaje literario de largo recorrido. El caso más emblemático es el de Odiseo. Pero se estudian otros avatares y textos, algunos de los cuales se asocian a la memoria y a la verdad, y otros a la exageración y a la mentira. Se compara el caso de Odiseo, al que se permitió narrar sin limitaciones sus relatos, con el de Agamenón (al que no le fue permitido) y con el del coronel Aureliano Buendía (quien al volver de la guerra se sumió en el silencio).
Gondolatok az ipar jövőjéről és az iparpolitikáról : Reflections on the Future of Industry and Industrial Policy
Authors: Csath Magdolna
Published: December 2022

A jelen írás az ipar szerepének újraértékelésével, a fenntarthatósággal való kapcsolatával és általában az ipar szerkezeti változásának szükségességével foglalkozik. Érvel amellett, hogy a korszerű ipar olyan fontos gazdasági ágazat, amely képes arra, hogy nagy hozzáadott értéket állítson elő, és jó minőségű munkahelyeket teremtsen. Jövője azonban attól függ, hogy mennyire tud átalakulni, bekapcsolódni az energia- és anyagtakarékos körforgásos gazdaságba. Ezt a folyamatot az állami iparpolitikáknak, iparstratégiáknak támogatniuk kell. Az írás a magyar ipar, illetve annak legnagyobb szegmense, a feldolgozóipar szerkezeti problémáit is megvilágítja bizonyítva, hogy ahhoz, hogy a magyar gazdaság ne kerüljön fejlődési csapdába, jelentős szerkezeti átalakulásra van szükség az iparban, amely nem képzelhető el jövőorientált, a változásokat támogató iparpolitika és iparstratégia nélkül.
Ágazatok klímakockázata
Authors: Cserényi Dóra , Czakó Karolina , Reizinger Zsófia , Veisz Ákos
Published: December 2022

Jelen tanulmány a klímaváltozásból eredő kockázatokkal foglalkozik, amelyek a vállalkozások teljesítményére és működésére már jelenleg is, de a jövőben még inkább hatással lesznek. A tanulmány célja egyrészt annak bemutatása, hogy a klímakockázat hogyan hat az egyes ágazatokban szereplő vállalatok tevékenységére, másrészt pedig annak ismertetése, hogy miért szükséges a vállalatoknak foglalkozniuk a klímakockázatokkal. Az egyes ágazatokra eltérő módon és mértékben hat a klímaváltozás, valamint területenként is eltérések mutatkoznak az ágazati érintettségben. A tanulmány ismerteti az Európai Központi Bank 2022. évi klímakockázati stressztesztjének eredményeit, ezt követően a hazai ágazatok érintettségét vizsgálja a kibocsátott üvegházhatású gáz alapján. A szabályozások a magas kibocsátású ágazatokat fogják a legnagyobb mértékben érinteni, tehát ezen ágazatok esetében beszélhetünk a legmagasabb átállási kockázatról. Hazánkban az átállási kockázatnak leginkább kitett ágazat a feldolgozóipar, amelyet a villamosenergia-, gáz-, gőzellátás- és légkondicionálás ágazat követ, de a szállítási, raktározási ágazat, a mezőgazdaság, az építőipar, valamint a kereskedelem és a gépjárműjavítás ágazat is jelentős mértékben kitett. A fizikai kockázatok főleg azon ágazatokat érintik, amelyek tevékenysége közvetlenül kitett az időjárásnak, például a mezőgazdaság, az építőipar és az élelmiszeripar, valamint a turizmus. A tanulmányban ismertetésre kerülő Holmen vállalati példa rámutatott arra, hogy a vállalatoknak hosszú távú folyamatokat kell figyelembe venni az üzleti tervezésnél, törekedniük kell a megújuló energia felé való elmozdulásra. Az iparági szereplőknek számításokat szükséges végezniük a saját ágazatukra jellemző klímakockázatok potenciális pénzügyi hatásait illetően, valamint szükséges szorosan nyomon követniük a jogszabályi környezet változásait is. Szükséges a beszállító partnerek szűrése, monitorozása, fontos együttműködni az érdekelt felek széles körével szervezeten belül és kívül.
A brexit forgatókönyvei és hatásai
Authors: Somogyi Enikő
Published: December 2022

Az Egyesült Királyság 47 évnyi uniós tagságot követően 2020. január 31-én kilépett az Európai Unióból, ezáltal elveszítette az őt uniós tagállamként megillető valamennyi jogot és előnyt is. A folyamat lezárásaként többé nem része már az EU egységes piacának és vámuniójának, és immár nem vonatkoznak rá az EU nemzetközi megállapodásai sem. Összegzésként megállapítható, hogy az Egyesült Királyság kilépése az Európai Unióból és a brexit kérdésköre történelmi mérföldkőként jegyezhető fel. Mindennek részletes és szerteágazó hatásainak a feltárása újabb és újabb összefüggéseket, akár korábban nem látott, felfedezésre váró titkokat hozhat felszínre a jövőben. Mindehhez kiváló iránytűként szolgálhat a bemutatott tanulmánykötet, amely az európai integráció területeit művelő szakembereken túl a témakör iránt érdeklődő szélesebb olvasóközönség számára is bátran ajánlható.
EMG SIGNALS FOR FINGER MOVEMENT CLASSIFICATION BASED ON SHORT-TERM FOURIER TRANSFORM AND DEEP LEARNING
Authors: Kralikova Ivana , Babusiak Branko , Kralik Lubomir
Published: December 2022

An interface based on electromyographic (EMG) signals is considered one of the central fields in human-machine interface (HCI) research with broad practical use. This paper presents the recognition of 13 individual finger movements based on the time-frequency representation of EMG signals via spectrograms. A deep learning algorithm, namely a convolutional neural network (CNN), is used to extract features and classify them. Two approaches to EMG data representations are investigated: different window segmentation lengths and reduction of the measured channels. The overall highest accuracy of the classification reaches 95.5% for a segment length of 300 ms. The average accuracy attains more than 90% by reducing channels from four to three.
BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCKS SIMULATIONS IN VENTRICULAR MODEL WITH REALISTIC GEOMETRY AND CONDUCTION SYSTEM
Authors: Cocherová Elena , Švehlíková Jana , Tyšler Milan
Published: December 2022

The goal of the study was to design a model of cardiac ventricles with realistic geometry that enables simulation of the ventricular activation with normal conduction system functions, as well as with bundle branch blocks. In ventricles, electrical activation propagates from the His bundle to the left and right bundle branches and continues to the fascicles and branching ﬁbers of the Purkinje system. The role of these parts of the conduction system is to lead the activation rapidly and synchronously to the left and right ventricle. The velocity of propagation in the conduction system is several times higher than in the surrounding ventricular myocardium. If the conduction system works normally, QRS duration representing the total activation time of the ventricles lies in the physiological range of about 80 to 120 ms but it is more than 120 ms in the case of bundle branch blocks. In our study, the realistic geometry of the ventricles was constructed on the base of a patient CT scan, defining epicardial and endocardial surfaces. The first part of the conduction system (fast-conducting bundle branches, fascicles in the left ventricle and initial parts of the Purkinje fibers) was modeled as polyline pathways isolated from the surrounding ventricular tissue. The remaining part of the Purkinje system was modeled as an endocardial layer with higher conduction velocity. The propagation of the electrical activation in the ventricular model was modeled using reaction-diffusion (RD) equations, except for the first part of the conduction system, where the activation times were evaluated algebraically with respect to predefined velocity of propagation and estimated distance between the His bundle and particular entry point to the layer with higher conduction velocity. Propagation of activation in cardiac ventricles was numerically solved in Comsol Multiphysics environment. Several configurations of the first part of the conduction system with different number of polyline pathways and entry points were proposed and tested to achieve realistic activation propagation. For the model with 9 starting points, realistic total activation time (TAT) of the whole ventricles of about 108 ms was obtained for the model with normal conduction system, and realistic TAT of 126 ms and 149 ms were obtained for the right and left bundle branch block (RBBB, LBBB), respectively. Very similar TAT was found also for the model with 7 starting points, but unrealistically long TAT was obtained in LBBB simulation for the model with only 5 starting points.
INVESTIGATION OF EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELD BIOEFFECT AT CELLULAR LEVEL CONCERNING ICNIRP GUIDELINES AND EXPOSURE LIMITS
Authors: Bajtoš Marek , Radil Roman , Hargasova Klaudia , Judakova Zuzana , ˇČarnecká Lucia , Janoušek Ladislav
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the possible influence of an extremely low-frequency magnetic field on cellular structures. The work is carried out to verify the change of growth dynamics of exposed samples by application of a time-varying magnetic field, with a specified action value of magnetic flux density, valid in the European Union. The frequency of applied field was preliminarily confirmed as biologically active, under conditions for Ion Parametric Resonance theory, in experimental work focused on targeting Ca2+ ions bound in specific positions on cellular membranes of eukaryotic cells. In thirty experiments, the authors use the dynamics of growth over a time horizon of eight hours to elucidate the effect of the field on the proliferation activity of the cells. Since living beings are exposed to similar electromagnetic fields daily, the presented article shed some light on whether, or not the irradiation has brought a statistically significant effect under conditions specified in ICNIRP guidelines and recommendations.
CONTROL AND ANALYSIS OF SIMULATOR AND BIOLOGICAL DATA FROM CAR SIMULATORS
Authors: Volf Petr , Hejda Jan , Bernášková Kristýna , Francová Anna , Hýbl Ján , Hourová Michaela , Kutílek Patrik
Published: December 2022

Due to the fact that driving vehicles can be complicated or impracticable, a computer simulator is usually used for training and professional studies. The advantage of this approach is high safety, repeatability, easier feasibility and, of course, lower price. In this work we describe the extension of the car simulator developed by the Faculty of Transport CTU in Prague with specific scenarios for evaluating the cognitive abilities of probands, software for their management and evaluation of data from simulator software and other measured physiological variables such as ECG and arm movement. From the data it is then possible to evaluate the mental and physical condition of the proband and the progress of training. Preliminary results suggest the possibility of using Poincaré analysis for the purpose of assessing cognitive load during potential collision situations. It uses distance assessment from other objects involved in traffic situations.
EVALUATION AND TYPES OF ATTACKS WITH STABBING WEAPONS FOR THE DESIGN OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Authors: Leová Lýdie , Volf Petr , Kutílek Patrik , Hejda Jan , Čubanová Slávka , Hýbl Ján , Karavaev Aleksei
Published: December 2022

Knife attacks have become a global problem in recent years, especially in countries where access to firearms is limited. However, the current situation is that the method of selection and characteristics of protective equipment about the physical attributes of stabbing attacks is not systematically determined. Attacks with stab weapons can be divided according to the weapon's grip, the angle of the attack, and its execution into six different attacks (e.g., underarm action stab, overarm action stab, etc.). Our work presents a survey of methods for capturing and then evaluating the physical parameters of point attacks in specific motion capture and analysis programs. In this work, kinematic analysis was used to analyze motion during a stabbing attack and to obtain data on the kinetic energy of the stab. The measurements were performed with the MoCap system - Vicon Nexus 2.70. The results of the study show that the average value for the straight stab and the underarm stab is almost the same (66.5–67.1 J), while the overarm stab reaches a much higher value (92.8 J). The study aims to determine the kinetic energy of types of attacks, for standards state the level of protection based on energy levels. The results could provide new insights into the current state of protective equipment and energy values ​​in national/international standards.
MORIN,Edgar.Os Setes Saberes Necessários á Educação Do Futuro.Trad.Catarina Eleonora F. Da Silva & Jeanne Sawaya; Revisão Técnica de Edgar de Assis Carvalho. 4 ed. São Paulo: Cortez;Brasília, DF: UNESCO, 2001,118P. Titulo Original:Les sept savodirs (...)
Authors: Sobrinho Vicente Batista De Moura Sobrinho
Published: December 2022

nécessaires á lÂ´ education du futur. Primeira Edição: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) Paris,França, 1999
AMBIENTE URBANO E SAÚDE: ANÁLISE DO ESTADO DA ARTE NOS EVENTOS CIENTÍFICOS DA GEOGRAFIA BRASILEIRA (2008-2019)
Authors: Silva Francisco Jonh Lennon Tavares da , Aquino Cláudia Maria Sabóia de
Published: December 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o estado da arte sobre o tema ambiente urbano e saúde nos eventos científicos da Geografia brasileira entre 2008 e 2019. Nesse sentido, selecionou-se a produção científica do Encontro Nacional da ANPEGE, do Simpósio Brasileiro de Climatologia Geográfica, do Simpósio Brasileiro de Geografia Física Aplicada, do Simpósio Nacional de Geografia Urbana e do Simpósio Nacional de Geomorfologia. A metodologia consistiu no levantamento e análise dos anais dos eventos científicos com base no método da análise de conteúdo. Entre os resultados da presente análise, destacam-se: (i) observa-se que a abordagem do processo saúde-doença mostra-se incipiente no contexto dos eventos científicos analisados; (ii) atesta-se uma diversidade quanto à formação acadêmica dos pesquisadores dedicados à referida temática; (iii) identifica-se uma heterogeneidade acerca dos problemas de saúde pesquisados; (iv) constata-se que a abordagem dos condicionantes socioambientais do processo saúde-doença operacionaliza-se a partir de múltiplas escalas de análise; (v) verifica-se o predomínio de estudos em municípios de médio e grande porte populacional; (vi) averígua-se que as Regiões Sudeste e Nordeste concentram a maior parcela das pesquisas (52,4%) sobre a temática ambiente urbano e saúde, considerando o atual estágio do conhecimento produzido no contexto dos eventos científicos.
BENZEDEIRAS/OS, BEM-ESTAR E SOCIOESPACIALIDADE
Authors: Soek Felipe José , Mendonça Francisco
Published: December 2022

Este texto trata da saúde humana na perspectiva do conceito de bem-estar, especificamente a partir das realidades das benzedeiras/os. A abordagem insere-se no campo da perspectiva decolonial do conhecimento, pois volta-se à atuação de agentes praticantes de saberes tradicionais de cura. Os quais portam a confiança de suas comunidades e complementam o fazer médico-científico em relação ao cuidado à saúde de indivíduos e de grupos. Para tal, a pesquisa valeu-se do levantamento bibliográfico utilizando-se do método “bola-de-neve” que permitiu a construção da análise aqui desenvolvida. O conceito de bem-estar é ainda amplamente discutido e tem interpretações múltiplas. Partindo de diferentes epistemologias o texto auxilia a compreender como a atividade da benzeção pode servir à promoção e complementação do bem-estar e, através deste, da saúde humana. A abordagem desenvolvida evidencia a importância que benzedeiras/os têm para a saúde de suas comunidades, atuando solidariamente em prol do fortalecimento do bem-estar de seus enfermos. Evidencia também algumas perspectivas da dimensão socioespacial delas/es, ao mesmo tempo que aponta a necessidade de aprofundamento desta perspectiva no campo da geografia.
An Ongoing Shift in Mammalian Nest Predators of Yellow-billed Loons in Arctic Alaska
Authors: Parrett Julie P. , Prichard Alexander K. , Johnson Charles B. , Lawhead Brian E.
Published: December 2022

The Coastal Plain of northern Alaska is an important nesting area for a variety of avian species, where the productivity of ground-nesting species can be strongly influenced by nest predators. Recently, the density of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) has increased in many areas of the Arctic, likely because of climate warming as well as the availability of anthropogenic food sources during winter. In areas where they occur sympatrically, red foxes can outcompete and kill the smaller Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus). There is considerable dietary overlap between the fox species, but if the red fox is a more successful nest predator, this ongoing shift in canid species could have important implications for ground-nesting species like the Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii). We examined time-lapse photographs from 186 nests of Yellow-billed Loons in northern Alaska during the years 2008 – 15 and 2019 for the presence of foxes and other nest predators and quantified nest predation by species. Although both Arctic and red foxes were photographed near nests, we found that all successful predation of Yellow-billed Loon nests by foxes was attributable to red foxes, which were the second most frequent predator of Yellow-billed Loon nests after Glaucous Gulls (Larus hyperboreus). Arctic foxes photographed at Yellow-billed Loon nests were unsuccessful at displacing incubating loons. Several data sources suggest that the prevalence of red foxes has increased in Arctic Alaska over the last three decades, a change that is likely to have negative impacts on the nesting success of Yellow-billed Loons and possibly other large waterbirds.
Ladoga Ringed Seal (Pusa hispida ladogensis) Can Breed on Land: A Case Study of the Nursing Period
Authors: Loseva Anna , Chirkova Olga , Akhatov Evgeniy
Published: December 2022

The ringed seal gives birth and nurses offspring in a subnivean lair in fast ice. Its breeding habitat is transforming under the impact of climate change. Here we report the outcome of an observation of a female freshwater Ladoga ringed seal (Pusa hispida ladogensis) and her pup during the 2020 breeding season, when less than 1% of Lake Ladoga was covered with ice. We located a newborn pup in a coastal zone of an island and tracked its survival on land using the camera trap method during daylight. Altogether, we captured 2978 photos, in which the seals were present in 637. The female nursed the pup at the birth site for 34 – 37 days, which is similar to the lactation period in lairs of the Arctic subspecies (36 – 41 days, 39 days on average). The female either stayed with the pup or spent time in prolonged aquatic bouts during the day. Percentage of suckling was in the range of 2.4% – 4.7% (mean 3.3%, SD = 1.1) on different days. Based on an additional video recording, we found that the pup’s behaviour was characterized by a high level of vigilance in comparison with openly breeding phocid seals. This case study indicates that the ringed seal in Lake Ladoga is able to nurse pups on land from soon after birth to pre-weaning. However, breeding success in warm springs can be constrained by predator pressure.
Distance Project-Based Learning During Lockdown and Learner’s Motivation
Authors: Boisadan Andréa , Viazzi Céline , Bourgognon Christophe , Blandin Bernard , Buisine Stéphanie
Published: December 2022

During the first lockdown due to Covid-19 pandemic, project-based learning (PBL) had to be implemented remotely. To gain knowledge on this learning context, we monitored motivation (in Self-Determination Theory framework), flow, social identification and self-rated performance during a 10-day project conducted with 281 engineering students. Final grades were also collected as objective performance indicators. Results show that intrinsic and identified motivation, flow, self-rated performance and group identification increased throughout the project, which suggests that remote PBL stimulated students’ needs for autonomy and competence without hindering their need for relatedness. Furthermore, the analysis of significant predictors of teams’ and individuals’ performance draw avenues for improving PBL and stimulating intrinsic and identified motivation, for the subject and for the project, at the right time along the program.
Successful Use of Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Blocks in a Patient With Variant Angina After Large Ventral Hernia Repair
Authors: Belfar Alexandra L. , Deng Yi , Yu Raymond C. , Sabbagh Annas
Published: December 2022

Coronary artery spasm constitutes the primary underlying pathology of variant angina. Because provocation of coronary artery spasm may occur with both excess sympathetic and excess parasympathetic stimulation, patients with this disorder have extremely limited options for perioperative pain control. This is especially true for procedures involving extensive abdominal incision/manipulation. Whereas neuraxial analgesia might otherwise be appropriate in these cases, several studies have demonstrated that coronary artery spasm can occur as a result of epidural placement, and therefore, that this may not be an optimal choice for patients with variant angina. This report discusses the case of a patient with a preexisting diagnosis of variant angina who underwent an exploratory laparotomy with large ventral hernia repair and for whom continuous erector spinae plane blocks were successfully used as analgesic adjuncts without triggering coronary artery spasm.
Zemřel první absolvent naší školy a zároveň zakladatel Fakulty humanitních studií UK
Authors: Pinc Zdeněk
Published: December 2022

Obě informace jsou pravdivé a smutné, ale pohřeb byl jen jeden. Konal se v Praze 6 a mohli jste jej sledovat na stránkách břevnovské farnosti. Umřel Jan Sokol. Obě informace v titulku jsou pravdivé, ale také paradoxní. Jak mohl být první absolvent zároveň zakladatelem? To si založil školu sám pro sebe?
Náboženství, etika a život
Authors: Hanyš Milan
Published: December 2022

This study discusses the essential contributions concerning religion, ethics, and life of the recently deceased Czech philosopher and Charter 77 signatory, Jan Sokol. It argues that Sokol’s broad interests and contributions to many fields, ranging from religious studies, philosophical anthropology, to the philosophy of law, are embedded into a broadly conceived philosophy of life influenced mainly by the French philosopher, scientist, and Jesuit, Teilhard de Chardin. After encountering the works of Teilhard in the 1960s, Sokol began to elaborate his own philosophy of life, which enabled him to converge his interests in the sciences and phenomenology with his faith in biblical creation. The study shows how Sokol’s understanding of religion and ethics is intrinsically interwoven with his concept of life and evolution, and so it forms, as it were, the core of his thought underlying many of his interests and contributions. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of rhythm, which, according to Sokol, permeates both cultural and organic, as well as non-organic, nature, and exemplifies an underlying unity of the world.
Za Dr. Jiřinou Šiklovou (1935–2021)
Authors: Ezzeddine Petra
Published: December 2022

V květnu tohoto roku nás ve věku nedožitých 86 let opustila socioložka Dr. Jiřina Šiklová.
Management Roles & Leadership Skills to Attract Venture Capital in Switzerland
Authors: Kendzia Michael J. , Eugster Robin
Published: December 2022

Startups constitute an essential component of a working market economy and foster economic growth, employment as well as technological progress. However, managing and leading companies at an early growth stage poses an enormous challenge, as investment failure amounts to approximately 75%. That said, receiving venture capital is all but an easy task and only 1% of investment opportunities considered qualify for an investment. Against this backdrop, the aim of this article is to identify particular management and leadership skills that attract venture capital more successfully than others do. The investigation finds that management-related criteria appear to be the most important factor for Swiss venture capitalists. Especially the track record of founders and the diversity of backgrounds within the startup’s core team were considered relevant.
Book Review of Abnormal School Behaviors: China Vs. South Korea
Authors: Walle Alf H.
Published: December 2022

.
Teaching online in Polish higher education institutions
Authors: Górak-Sosnowska Katarzyna , Tomaszewska Lidia
Published: December 2022

This article presents the system of higher education (HE) in Poland and the role of remote (and later online) learning in education with the focus on changes induced as the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis begins with a historical background that shows how higher education has been changing after the political transformation of the 1989, and proceeds with a discussion about the conditions in which remote learning emerged. On the one hand, these conditions relate to the existing programmes that e-learning offers – the tools. On the other hand, they refer to the level of digital preparedness – the skills. The article is meant to be descriptive and combines didactic (both institutional and student-related) and administrative perspective of responding to COVID-19. The article analyses how the Polish HE system managed the transition to online teaching caused by the pandemic.
Cyberbullying during the pandemic: an exploratory study about Romanian university students
Authors: Constantinescu Sorana-Alexandra , Ghiman Lorin , Pop-Cimpean Adela
Published: December 2022

With the switch to online teaching starting March 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, students have spent more time than ever online. The study (N=191) was conducted online and answered the following research questions: 1) Does the time spent online influence students experience with cyberbullying? 2) Are students from vulnerable groups more prone to cyberbullying? 3) What are the ways students believe cyberbullying should be addressed? 4) Are there gender differences in the way cyberbullying is perceived? Among others, the study revealed that women are more likely to acknowledge cyberbullying and that their professors are identified by a large part of the sample as perpetrators of cyberbullying.
Internationalization, community, and pandemic pedagogies: a reflective case study of a highly international university during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kozakowski Michael A. , Lucas Kaitlin A. , Rudnev Iurii
Published: December 2022

Many higher education institutions (HEIs) relied on established instructional models, such as Community of Inquiry (CoI), to inform teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This reflective case study at a highly international European university finds five areas wherein internationalization has shaped teaching and learning during the pandemic, and which are undertheorized in existing models: mobility and basic needs, instructional modalities, vulnerability, language, and university alliances. Accounting for these areas enables better analysis of pandemic experiences, and when combined with CoI and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles, can foster more inclusive and effective learning experiences for students and faculty.
Managing the heart of the university: Dean’s offices in the process of changes. New legal and organizational reality
Authors: Jaskólska Justyna
Published: December 2022

A major reform of the higher education system began with the entry into force of the Law on higher education and science act (from October 1, 2018), aimed at improving conditions for practicing scientific and didactic excellence in Polisch universities. The changes in the regulations concerned the organization of universities and ensuring the sustainable development of academic centers across the country, which influenced the model of university management after 2018. The edited volume entitled Dean’s offices in the process of changes. New legal and organizational reality was written at this critical time of major changes in Polish higher education, and it provides a timely and thorough overview of the implications of the reform, especially regarding the management practices.
The role of the deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid on homocysteinemia in children with Turner syndrome
Authors: Youness Eman R. , Hashem Shaimaa A. , Hamed Khaled , Khedr Azzah A. , Abdulhalim Eatemad Nabil , Kamel Shimaa Mostafa , El-Bassyouni Hala T.
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Premature atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease represent a major cause of comorbidities among children with Turner syndrome. The identification of non-traditional risk aspects is crucial for the early identification and management of such comorbidities through establishing effective preventive measures. The aim of the study is to explore the role of the deficiency of vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine in children with Turner syndrome.

Methods

The study included 78 children with Turner syndrome and 67 healthy age and sex matched children. Karyotype was implemented for all patients. The serum levels of vitamin B12, folic acid and serum homocysteine were assessed. The prevalence of the deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid was estimated to study its correlation to hyperhomocysteinemia in Turner syndrome children.

Results

The karyotype analysis showed 45,X (monosomy X) in the 78 patients. Vitamin B12 and folic acid were significantly decreased in children with Turner syndrome in 65–73% of the patients, respectively, while the serum level of homocysteine significantly increased to 48.7% compared to healthy controls. Homocysteine level negatively correlated with vitamin B12 and folic acid. The deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid increased the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia in children with Turner syndrome (OR 2.49 and 2.36, respectively).

Conclusions

This report highlights that hyperhomocyste-inemia in children with Turner syndrome may be related to the deficiency vitamin B12 and folic acid.
A graffiti annektálása
Authors: Gáspár Gabriella
Published: December 2022

A tanulmány tárgya az a viszony, ami a művészet és a graffiti kapcsolatát jellemezte a 16. századtól. Ebben a kapcsolatban a graffiti, mint a mindenkori alsónéposztályok kifejezésmódja, vagy a városi folklór része a képek háttereként erősítette, illetve árnyalta a festők által kifejezni szánt képi tartalmat. Ez az alárendelt szerep tükröződik a 20. század elején megjelent programban is, ami a graffiti annektálását hirdette meg a fotókon. A nagyvárosi graffiti, mint “second hand” forma beszivárgott a művészeti szcénába, és a 20. század közepétől, s mint eredeti, organikus jellegzetesség közvetett hatást gyakorolt a képzőművészetre, részben formavilága, részben a graffitizéshez kapcsolódó életérzésen át, ami nem állt távol a neoavantgárd törekvésektől.
A Családi Döntéshozó Csoportkonferencia (CSDCS) jelentősége a családi és közösségi kapcsolatok helyreállítása tekintetében a büntetés-végrehajtási intézetből szabadulás előtt állók szempontjából
Authors: Mitrovics Zoltán
Published: December 2022

Az elmúlt évtizedekben az igazságszolgáltatás retributív jellegének csökkenése mellett egyre inkább a resztoratív jelleg erősödését figyelhetjük meg. A társadalom, helyi közösségek felől fokozódó igényként merül fel az áldozatvédelem, a sérelmek, károk helyreállítása, valamint az elkövető rehabilitációja. Az igazságszolgáltatás resztoratív jellegének erősödésével együtt a büntetés-végrehajtás is változott, a kezdeti célok átalakultak, az elítéltek társadalomtól való elkülönítése mellett egyre hangsúlyosabb szerepet kap az elkövető társadalmi reintegrációjának elősegítése. Tudjuk, hogy a társadalmi reintegráció a börtönből szabadultak tekintetében a legnehezebb, hiszen a korábban elkövetett bűncselekmények és a börtönben töltött évek stigmaként állandósulnak. A szabadulás utáni újrakezdés, visszakapcsolódás a mindennapokba sokszor lehetetlen kihívásnak tűnik az elítélt és a társadalmi környezete számára is. A sikeres társadalmi reintegráció érdekében a magyarországi bv. intézetekben egyre sokoldalúbb támogatást nyújtanak a fogvatartottak részére, köztük resztoratív jellegű technikákat is alkalmaznak. A tanulmány célja egy olyan resztoratív technika (CSDCS) bemutatása, melyet a hazai bv. intézetekben a szabadulás előtt álló elítéltek esetében alkalmaznak a közösségi, családi kapcsolatok helyreállítása, valamint a bűnismétlés lehetőségének csökkentése érdekében bevonva a szabaduló társadalmi környezetében élőket, a közösség tagjait. Jelen írás célja, hogy egy esettanulmányon keresztül mutassa be e resztoratív modell gyakorlatát és a közösség tagjaira való hatását.
Társadalmi innováció hátrányos helyzetben egy társadalmi vállalkozás példáján
Authors: Boros Julianna , Bucher Eszter , Csikai Adél
Published: December 2022

A tanulmány egy modellértékű társadalmi vállalkozást mutat be esettanulmány formájában. A társadalmi kezdeményezés olyan településen működik, amely tipikus hátrányos helyzetű, periférikus elhelyezkedésű ormánsági aprófalu. A települést alacsony foglalkoztatási arányszámok és munkaintenzitás jellemzi, amely nem kizárólag a munkahelyek hiányából ered, hanem mind ehhez hozzájárul a népesség alacsony iskolai végzettsége, szakképzetlensége és a rossz közlekedési viszonyok. Mindezen hátrányok ellenére a vizsgált településen példaértékű társadalmi vállalkozás működik. Vizsgálatunk és tanulmányunk célja, hogy megismerjük és bemutassuk azt az innovációs folyamatot, melyen keresztülment eddig a vállalkozás, továbbá információkat gyűjtsünk a vállalkozás társadalmi környezetére gyakorolt hatására vonatkozóan. Jelen innováció, vállalkozás elindítása és működtetése a közösségi tanulás olyan színtere, amely kiutat jelenthet a hátrányos helyzetből. A publikáció vizsgálja a társadalmi vállalkozás létrejöttét, mozgatórugóját, fókuszál a közösségi tanulás színterére, az innovatív és multiplikáló szerepkörre a közösségfejlesztés és az önfejlesztés terén. A társadalmi vállalkozások közérdekű, szociális vagy társadalmi célt/okat szolgálnak, nyereségüket elsősorban e cél elérése érdekében forgatják vissza az alap tevékenységükbe, működésük a részvételi demokrácián alapul. Ezek a vállalkozások a civil és a forprofit szektor határán helyezkednek el, ezért sok esetben a két szektor erősségeit tudják innovatív módon a közösségek fejlődése érdekében kamatoztatni. Tulajdonságaik révén a társadalmi, közösségi és gazdasági szükségletek együttes kielégítésére alkalmasak.
Microbiota dysbiosis influences immune system and muscle pathophysiology of dystrophin‐deficient mice
Authors: Farini Andrea , Tripodi Luana , Villa Chiara , Strati Francesco , Facoetti Amanda , Baselli Guido , Troisi Jacopo , Landolfi Annamaria , Lonati Caterina , Molinaro Davide , Wintzinger Michelle , Gatti Stefano , Cassani Barbara , Caprioli Flavio , Facciotti Federica , Quattrocelli Mattia , Torrente Yvan
Published: December 2022

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive severe muscle‐wasting disease caused by mutations in DMD, encoding dystrophin, that leads to loss of muscle function with cardiac/respiratory failure and premature death. Since dystrophic muscles are sensed by infiltrating inflammatory cells and gut microbial communities can cause immune dysregulation and metabolic syndrome, we sought to investigate whether intestinal bacteria support the muscle immune response in mdx dystrophic murine model. We highlighted a strong correlation between DMD disease features and the relative abundance of Prevotella. Furthermore, the absence of gut microbes through the generation of mdx germ‐free animal model, as well as modulation of the microbial community structure by antibiotic treatment, influenced muscle immunity and fibrosis. Intestinal colonization of mdx mice with eubiotic microbiota was sufficient to reduce inflammation and improve muscle pathology and function. This work identifies a potential role for the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of DMD.
Characterization and Preparation of Ni/γAl2O3 Catalyst for Acetylation of Glycerol in a Fixed Bed Reactor Applied as an Octane Booster for Commercial Fuels
Authors: Dewajani Heny , Chumaidi Achmad , Suryandari Ade Sonya , Dewi Ernia Novika , Ahsan Muhammad Hafizh
Published: December 2022

Glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production with the amount of 10% of the total biodiesel product. To increase the utility and economic value of glycerol, it can be processed into several derivative products. One of the glycerol derivative products is currently being developed through the acetylation process. Glycerol acetylation product has been investigated as a component that can be used to increase the octane number of commercial fuels, otherwise known as bio-additives or octane boosters. This study aims to convert glycerol from the by-product of biodiesel production through the acetylation process using a modified solid catalyst Ni/γ-Al2O3 in a fixed bed reactor. The focus of this research is to study the effect of reactant flow rate and the mole ratio of glycerol to acetic acid on glycerol conversion. The variations used were flow rates of feed from 40, 60, 80 and 100 ml/minute, and the mole ratio of glycerol to acetic acid was 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, and 1:9. The experiment was carried out in several stages, namely: preparation and modification of the catalyst, the acetylation process and product application into commercial fuels. The acetylation reaction took place at a temperature of 100 °C and the mass of the catalyst used was 5% of the mass of glycerol. The results showed that the highest conversion of 74.24% was achieved under operating conditions with a reactant flow rate of 40 ml/min and glycerol to acetic acid mole ratio of 1:9. The utilization of acetylation products as bio-additives is carried out by adding reaction products to Pertamax fuel. The highest increase in octane number of Pertamax fuel at the addition of 8% volume of acetylation product from the initial octane number of 93 increased to 102 (increased by 10%).