bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer Modeling of D, L – Homocysteic Acid Microinjection into the Bötzinger Complex Area
Authors: Marcel Veternik , Lukas Martvon , Jakub Misek , Michal Simera , Ivan Poliacek
Published: May 2022

The impact of D,L – homocysteic acid (DLH) microinjection (non-specific glutamate receptor agonist that causes excitation of neurons) into the Bötzinger complex area (BOT) was simulated using computer model of quiet breathing and cough reflex. Integrated signals from simulated neuronal populations innervating inspiratory phrenic and expiratory lumbar motoneurons were obtained. We analysed durations and amplitudes of these “pre-phrenic and pre-lumbar” activities during quiet breathing and cough reflex and the number of coughs elicited by a fictive 10-second-long stimulation. Model fibre population provides virtual DLH related excitation to expiratory neuronal populations with augmenting discharge pattern (BOT neurons). The excitation was modelled by a higher number of fibres and terminals (simulated a higher number of excitatory inputs) or by a higher synaptic strength (simulated a higher effect of excitatory inputs).

Our simulations have demonstrated a high analogy of cough and breathing changes to those observed in animal experiments. The simulated neuronal excitations in the BOT led to cough depression represented by a lower cough number and a cough neuronal activity of the lumbar nerve. Despite the shortening of the phrenic activity during cough (compared to quiet breathing), which was not observed in animal experiments, our simulations confirm the ability of the computer model to simulate motor processes in the respiratory system. The computer model of functional respiratory / cough neural network is capable to confirm and / or predict the results obtained on animals.
Abrasion Resistance of Plastic Parts Manufactured By 3D Printing
Authors: Hriţuc Adelina , Slătineanu Laurenţiu , Sover Alexandru , Mihalache Andrei Marius , Surugiu Ioan , Coteaţă Margareta
Published: May 2022

There are situations where parts manufactured by 3D printing processes must have a high abrasion resistance. To conduct experimental research on this subject, relatively simple test equipment for abrasive wear of pin-on-disk type was designed and materialized. The test pieces from the research material were pressed with known forces on the surface of a rotating abrasive paper disk. The test pieces were made of polyethylene terephthalate PET and polyethylene terephthalate carbon fiber reinforced PET CF15. As output parameters, the speed of decreasing the mass and the length of the test piece were used, respectively, for predetermined test durations. An experimental Taguchi L8 program was used, with 7 independent variables at two levels of variation. The experimental results were mathematically processed determined empirical mathematical models of the power function type. It was found that the strongest influence on the values of the output parameters was exerted by the average travel speed and by the granulation of the particles incorporated in the abrasive paper disk.
Life Cycle Analyses for Solar Thermal Collectors
Authors: Lupu Ana-Georgiana , Sallah Mohammed , Belecciu Cristina , Popescu Aristotel
Published: May 2022

The current drive towards including renewable and sustainable energy sources into energy consumption mix implies thorough studies on savings in materials, energy and waste management. Life cycle analyses are concerned with identification and quantification of each inputs and outputs of a product manufacturing process. This paper proposes complex life cycle analyses, that include assessment on inventory, analyses of energy payback time, life cycle cost and end of life applied to solar thermal collectors, as part of a solar conversion system. Results show that the categories with most impact, besides terrestrial toxicity, are human health, global warming and depletion of fossil fuels, that is, the main reasons to implement renewable energy sources.
Cylindrical Roller Bearings with Optimized Profile Taking into Account the Material Structure and Operating Temperature
Authors: Popescu Andrei , Popescu Gabriel
Published: May 2022

The present paper proposes a method for an almost uniform pressure distribution between the rolling elements, based on the modification of the roller’s initial straight profile and accounting for material parameters related to the operating temperature. The optimization process is analyzed by including the possible misalignment and/or tilting angles of the roller due to operating conditions. A computer program was developed in the Borland C++ programming language. The contact pressure distribution is evaluated by using a three-dimensional contact analysis model based on the Boussinesq force-displacement relations for a half-space combined with the flexibility approach. For a fast analysis, the algorithm uses a Conjugate Gradient Method in deriving the contact pressures and the real contact area.
When is a Poet an Instapoet?
Authors: Soelseth Camilla Holm
Published: May 2022

Through professional social media accounts, poets can become actors in the ecosystem of Social Media Entertainment (SME). In this article, using an ecological perspective, the accounts of five poets are treated as exhibits of processes they take part in, both platform-specific practices related to content creation in the SME, and practices showing the interlocking and overlapping of the SME with other ecosystems of cultural production. By doing this, the article aims to show how platformization as a socio-technological process is shaping the practice of being a poet. The article identifies the platform-specific practices the poets partake in that make it possible to say when they are being instapoets on Instagram. For the concept of “instapoet” to be fruitful when referring to poets, it is not enough for them to merely be on social media. A poet is an instapoet when they take on the platform-specific tasks of a social media creator, which is more than just producing content. Often, poets are not only instapoets. Rather, how much of an instapoet you are depends on how platform-dependent you are.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of extracts from Leucosidea sericea
Authors: Sixtus Selepe Tsepang , Pillai Manoharan Karuppiah
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Leucosidea sericea finds applications in the treatment of herpes and HIV.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and determine the total flavonoid contents (TFCs) and total phenolic contents (TPCs) of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol crude extracts obtained from leaves and stem-bark of L. sericea.

Methods: Maceration and hot solvent extraction methods were used to obtain various crude extracts. DPPH and ferric reducing power assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Colorimetric aluminium chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu methods were used to determine the TFCs and TPCs, respectively.

Results: The methanol leaf extract showed highest radical scavenging activity of 82.00±0.93% at a concentration of 3000 µg/ml followed by ethyl acetate leaf extract and methanol stem-bark extract with 79.40±5.21 and 75.16±1.15%, respectively. Acetone stem-bark extract showed highest ferric reducing power of 0.539±0.004 at 700 nm at a concentration of 100 µg/ml followed by hexane leaf extract and hexane stem-bark extract with 0.474±0.014 and 0.437±0.013 at 700 nm, respectively. Ethyl acetate stem-bark extract showed highest TFCs of 655.6±0.1111 mg QE/g of DW of the extract followed by acetone stem-bark extract with 450.0±0.00711 mg QE/g of DW of the extract. Acetone stem-bark extract showed highest TPCs of 891.9±0.657 mg TAE/g of the DW of extract followed by methanol stem-bark extract with 878.3±0.029 mg TAE/g of DW of the extract.

Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts from leaves and stem-bark of L. sericea was evaluated. L. sericea could be a source of potent antioxidants.
Is a Board of Directors a Team?
Authors: Brennan Niamh M.
Published: May 2022

Research to date on boards of directors focuses on board dynamics and on how board members work together. This paper considers boards of directors from a team perspective and whether a board of directors is a team, drawing on insights from team coaching. The paper first highlights the unique features of boards of directors. The paper applies the team diagnostic survey criteria to boards of directors as a construct to assess whether boards of directors are teams. The paper considers psychological safety, which is critical to team effectiveness, and questions whether boards operating as teams exacerbate boards’ propensity for groupthink. Viewing boards of directors from a team perspective introduces a useful human lens to understand board dynamics better and learn how boards can become more effective.
Research and Development Expenditures in the Sector of Polish Enterprises as an Instrument of Research and Development Policy
Authors: Baruk Jerzy
Published: May 2022

One of the important and open issues in modern businesses is the financing of research and development (R&D) activities, treated as an instrument of research and development policy. Maintaining the competitiveness of business entities requires the systemic creation and implementation of innovations, which requires expenditure on R&D activities. The aim of this paper is to identify the level, dynamics and structure of expenditures on R&D activities in Poland and in Polish businesses. The time range of the study covers the years 2015–2019 (or 2017–2019 inthe analysis of expenditures in the enterprise sector), the scope concerns the financial aspects of R&D activity on a national scale and in the sector of Polish enterprises, and the sources of the data for analysis are publications of Poland’s Central Statistical Office (Statistics Poland). The study applied the following methods: a critical and cognitive analysis of literature in identifying the research problem, a descriptive and comparative method in presenting the problem, a statistical method in calculating percentage shares, and a projection method in proposing model solutions. Overall, the analysis found a relatively low level and dynamics of expenditures incurred on R&D in Poland and in the enterprise sector. Therefore, R&D policy among Polish enterprises can be described as conservative and ad hoc in nature.
Quality Policy in Creating Organizational Maturity in a Medical Tourism Enterprise
Authors: Kordasiewicz Joanna
Published: May 2022

This article examines the concept of organizational maturity, with particular emphasis on the importance that it can play in medical tourism. First, the concept of organization is subjected to an interdisciplinary interpretation in the light of the Polish and international literature on the subject. The influence of this area of enterprise management on the decisions made and the shaping of the pro-quality policy of the enterprise is considered - noting that the continuous and comprehensive improvement of intra-organizational processes, decisions taken and monitored, and long-term planning are determinants of the level of organizational maturity and contribute to the implementation of planned activities, while effectively responding to the needs of stakeholders. Next, selected results of a qualitative study conducted among selected private medical institutions specializing in medical tourism are presented. Despite the relatively rich literature in the field of tourist and medical services, few studies have looked at the importance of quality in management in private healthcare entities and its significant impact on the purchasing decisions of tourist patients, with a simultaneous emphasis on entities serving foreign medical patients. The survey was carried out in 2021 using the IDI (Individual in-depth Interview) technique, with a purposive sample of Polish and Croatian clinics providing services in the field of medical tourism holding a significant position in their respective market.
Media events in an age of the Web and television: Dayan and Katz revisited
Authors: Brügger Niels
Published: May 2022

When Daniel Dayan and Elihu Katz published their seminal book Media Events: The Live Broadcasting of History in 1992, television occupied centre stage, whereas computer networks were only beginning to be used. Since the late 1990s, television and digital media have co-existed and co-evolved in still more entangled ways. In this article, I ask how the supplementing of television by a new media form, the Web, has affected the ways media events as understood by Dayan and Katz can unfold and be conceptualised. Based on a medium theory perspective where focus is more on “media” and less on “event”, I introduce the article by tracing how Dayan and Katz understand television as a medium. Then follows a brief account of the vast literature about Media Events, with a particular focus on how digital media are conceptualised. With these two sections as a stepping stone, the Web's digital features are outlined, followed by a historical analysis of the interplay of the development of the Web and a concrete media event: the Olympics from 1996 to 2016. Finally, this web historical outline is used to re-evaluate Dayan and Katz's conceptualisation of media events. The analysis is guided by three themes – liveness, control, and participation – pivotal for Dayan and Katz's understanding of media events as well as the history of the Web.
Ambivalent rituals of belonging: (Re)theorising hybrid, violent media events
Authors: Valaskivi Katja , Sumiala Johanna , Tikka Minttu
Published: May 2022

The updating of media event theory for the digital age has been underway for some time, and several researchers have pointed out that the complexity of the hybrid media environment poses a challenge when it comes to understanding how media events in the present digital context ritually create belonging. In this article, we examine violent media events as hybrid phenomena and discuss their ritual workings in the present digital media environment. We apply what we call the 5 A’s – actors, affordances, attention, affect, and acceleration – as key analytical tools to empirically study such events. We also develop the concept of hybridity in relation to media events by proposing three auxiliary A’s: assemblage, amplification, and accumulation. Building on our earlier work, we call for more analytical consideration of the ambivalences in the ritual constructions of belonging (and non-belonging) in such violent events. We use the Christchurch massacre of 2019 as a case study to illustrate these conceptual developments.
The life and times of media events: A tribute to Elihu Katz
Authors: Scannell Paddy
Published: May 2022

I have just learnt that Elihu Katz – a dearly loved friend and colleague – has died at the age of 95. This abstract is a valediction forbidding mourning. Media Events, written with Daniel Dayan, was the culminating work of a career spanning six decades – a career launched by Personal Influence, written with his doctoral supervisor, Professor Paul Lazarsfeld, of Columbia University, New York, and published in 1955. In my contribution to this issue, I try to do two things: firstly, to indicate how Media Events opened up a novel way of thinking about television and, at the same time, to think of it as a summa, the distillation of a lifetime’s work in the academic field of communication and media studies. I wanted especially to point towards its stimmung – that untranslatable ordinary German word for mood, or disposition: an attitude to life, the world, and television. I start with Katz’s earliest academic work – his master’s thesis completed at Columbia in the 1940s, felicitously but not accidentally called The Happiness Game. The stimmung of this work is the same as that of Media Events. That vision, as Daniel Dayan has claimed, was not a mirage. What he and Katz saw in La Télévision Céremoniélle (the book’s French title when he translated it) was every bit as true as the dominant academic view of the politics of television whose hegemonic sociological take on “the real world” they both attempted to counter.
Tertiary Education in Europe. What is Romania’s place?
Authors: Zaharia Marian , Gogonea Rodica Manuela , Bălăcescu Aniela , Păunescu Loredana Maria , Aydin Halil Ibrahim
Published: May 2022

In the context of the internationalization of the labor market, the countries around the world have begun to focus on developing and implementing education policies that ensure the quality, coherence and equity of tertiary education. The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the place of Romania between 35 European countries and Turkey, in terms of tertiary education. Cluster analysis has been used to achieve this goal, and the results indicate similarities and disparities between the countries analyzed. This article can be a reflection for decision-makers in the development of a skilled workforce..
СЕНДПЛЕЙ ЯК ЧИННИК ФОРМУВАННЯ ЗДОРОВОГО СПОСОБУ ЖИТТЯ
Authors: Потюк Софія
Published: May 2022

У статті розкрито інноваційну технологію – пісочну терапію як здоров’язбережувальну технологію для роботи зі здобувачами освіти молодшого шкільного віку в умовах Нової української школи, що забезпечує комфортне психологічно-безпечне середовище, в якому відбувається індивідуально-творчий розвиток дитини. Проаналізовано педагогічні можливості пісочної терапії як методу для розкриття потенціалу розвитку особистості та ефективність її використання в навчально-виховному процесі початкової школи. Виявлено, що пісочна терапія розкриває індивідуальність, гармонізує загальний психоемоційний стан, активізує навчально-пізнавальну діяльність, розвиває образно-логічне мислення, дрібну моторику рук, просторову уяву, сенсорно-перцептивну сферу, комунікативні здібності, кінестетичну чутливість молодших школярів. Для досягнення означених характеристик використовують різновиди методу: малювання на піску, письмо на піску “Пісочна грамота”, малювання кольоровим піском, казка на піску, ігри з піском тощо.
МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ВИБІРКОВИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН ПІД ЧАС НАВЧАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ-ПРИКОРДОННИКІВ
Authors: Боровик Людмила , Боровик Олег
Published: May 2022

У статті розглянуто методичні підходи щодо особливостей впровадження військово-прикордонної компоненти в освітній процес підготовки майбутніх офіцерів-прикордонників. Представлено зміст циклу лабораторних робіт з вибіркової навчальної дисципліни “Дослідження операцій (задачі, методологія)”, виконання яких сприяє активізації навчальної діяльності курсантів, формуванню у них умінь використовувати оптимізаційні методи для ефективної організації діяльності інженерно-технічних підрозділів Державної прикордонної служби України під час майбутньої професійної діяльності. Наведено приклади практичних завдань військово-прикордонного спрямування для виконання на лабораторних роботах, які потребують знань, вмінь та навичок, набутих під час вивчення навчального матеріалу зазначеної вибіркової дисципліни.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОЄКТНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ В УМОВАХ РОЗВИТКУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Козловський Юрій , Мукан Наталія , Ієвлєв Олександр , Кучай Тетяна
Published: May 2022

У статті висвітлено сутність та особливості формування проєктної компетентності майбутніх фахівців в умовах розвитку інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій. Визначено сутність навчального методу як засобу стимулювати інтерес студентів та інтегрувати його з іншими методами шляхом використанням інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій та рольових ігор (веб-квест). Визначено етапи формування проєктної компетентності майбутніх фахівців (оформлення досвіду реалізації інших проєктів; побудова, задум і розробка власного проєкту; реалізація власного проєкту) та його основні форми (задум, проєктна майстерня та проєктна лабораторія). Виявлено роль викладача у проєктній діяльності (разом зі студентами розв’язувати проблему в режимі партнерства; створювати умови для виконання студентами складних пізнавальних завдань; продумати тематику проєктів і вибрати теми, які найбільш цікавлять молодь тощо).
ДІАЛОГІЧНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ В ОСВІТІ СТУДЕНТІВ-МЕДИКІВ
Authors: Ісаєва Оксана , Шайнер Ганна
Published: May 2022

У статті розглядається навчальний процес як діалогічна взаємодія між викладачем і студентами, тому діалог вважається теоретичним підґрунтям становлення і розвитку сучасного фахівця. Діалог розглядається як необхідна компонента саморозвитку і основа формування особистісно-професійної культури студентів-медиків, тобто фундамент особистісно орієнтованої освіти.

Оптимальний вибір навчальних форм, методів та інструментів сприяє практичній реалізації діалогічної взаємодії з метою засвоєння матеріалу і мобілізації інтелекту студентів. У процесі формування діалогічної взаємодії майбутніх лікарів вважаємо за доцільне застосовувати такі методи навчання, як: пояснювальний, репродуктивний і евристичний, а також методи проблемного навчання, тобто навчання повинно базуватися на активних методах, на внутрішніх резервах самореалізації особистості фахівців медичного профілю.
ФЕНОМЕН ДИТЯЧОГО СИРІТСТВА У ПОЛЬЩІ ЯК ПЕДАГОГІЧНА ПРОБЛЕМА
Authors: Карпенко Ореста
Published: May 2022

У статті висвітлено дефініції “сирітство”, “природне сирітство”, “соціальне сирітство” у дослідженнях педагогів Польщі. Розкрито види соціального сирітства, дискусії навколо виховання та опіки дітей. Висвітлено мікросоціальні та макросоціальні причини соціального сирітства, дефініційні дилеми пов’язані з цим поняттям. Акцентовано увагу на понятті “сімейне сирітство”, “емоційне сирітство” та причини їх появи. Педагоги надають перевагу сім’ї, сімейному оточенню, сімейним формам опіки, урахуванню потреб дитини. При влаштуванні дитини у прийомні сім’ї важливо підтримувати зв’язок із природною сім’єю. Умови в опікунсько-виховних установах не дозволяють повноцінно задовольнити потреби дитини, кількість вихователів на дітей надто мала, часта зміна опікунів також не дає можливості налагодження тісного контакту.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІ НАПРЯМИ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ХУДОЖНІХ ДИСЦИПЛІН
Authors: Колісник-Гуменюк Юлія
Published: May 2022

Педагогічна наука ще не виробила досконалих механізмів, що дали змогу конструктивно визначати рівень підготовленості викладачів професійно-художніх дисциплін, фіксувати якість формування їхньої компетентності, приймати коректні рішення щодо напрямів модернізації професійно-педагогічної освіти в світлі сучасної парадигми освіти. Утверджені нині підходи не завжди придатні “педагогічним працівникам” для ефективного поєднання інновації з розв’язанням поточних завдань підготовки викладачів професійно-художніх дисциплін. Можна констатувати про відсутність науково обґрунтованої стратегії удосконалення педагогічної системи підготовки викладачів професійно-художніх дисциплін у ЗВО України. Тому в нашій статті ми пропонуємо загальні напрями вдосконалення підготовки майбутніх викладачів професійно-художніх дисциплін у ЗВО в Україні.
ДО ПИТАННЯ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ЗМІСТУ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ “ПСИХОПЕДАГОГІКА БЕЗПЕКИ”
Authors: Вдович Світлана , Березяк Ксенія
Published: May 2022

У статті розглянуто сутність поняття “психопедагогіка безпеки”, враховуючи актуальні нині проблеми життя і професійної діяльності людини, обґрунтовано зміст навчальної дисципліни “Психопедагогіка безпеки”. Психопедагогіку безпеки автор розглядає як систему психологічних та педагогічних знань про безпеку людини, спрямовану на підготовку особистості до безпечного життя та професійної діяльності. Особлива увага приділяється безпеці здоров’я, безпеці праці, психологічній безпеці особистості, зокрема формуванню її психологічної стійкості, соціальній, інформаційній та іншим видам безпеки людини.
Conocimiento técnico-científico y “destrucción creativa” del valle del río Cauca, siglos XX-XXI
Authors: Uribe Castro Hernando
Published: May 2022

La crisis ecológica que afronta el valle geográfico del río Cauca en la actualidad exige nuevas miradas que permitan renovadas comprensiones de su pasado más reciente y, sobre todo, unos repasos que deben hacerse con los lentes del pensamiento, la reflexión y la historia ambiental, campo que enfrenta importantes tensiones, como “[…] darle simultáneamente, un papel central a elementos y seres no humanos y mantener una historia centrada en los intereses de la especie humana”. Crisis que se materializa en pérdidas significativas de su bosque seco, de los humedales y de la biodiversidad, a las que se suma el detrimento de su diversidad productiva, los altos índices de contaminación de sus fuentes de agua, del aire y de la tierra, entre otros hechos. Estos intereses temáticos de la historia ambiental han conducido a lo que Gallini denomina un crecimiento y fortalecimiento de la historia ambiental en cuanto: “métodos, propuestas interpretativas, capacidad de diálogo con otras historiografías —tanto ambientales como de otros enfoques— y con el mundo de la política y del ambientalismo”.
Cuando se profundiza en la comprensión de estos fenómenos socioambientales en esta parte del territorio colombiano, emerge de inmediato el destacado papel que cumplió el conocimiento técnico-científico para la toma de decisiones políticas y económicas de una alta dirigencia que a lo largo del siglo XX se esforzó por promover un diseño del territorio, su planeamiento y un ordenamiento en perspectiva de especialización productiva. A medida que se impuso y se implementó la especialización productiva, el territorio fue experimentando el quebranto de sus condiciones ecológicas y ambientales.
Para la historia regional es claro que, desde la creación del departamento del Valle del Cauca, la hegemónica elite económica y social vallecaucana apoyada por sectores políticos del ámbito regional y nacional perseveró en tomar las decisiones políticas territoriales sobre las bases de los estudios e investigaciones elaboradas por grupos de especialistas y asesores nacionales y extranjeros especializados en temas agrícolas, en ingeniería civil y en administración.
Los efectos de este proceso se ven muy marcados tanto en los alcances y éxitos económicos de un gremio económico como el azucarero —que tiene el control sobre una región transformada, altamente especializada y tecnificada para la agricultura comercial—, como en los efectos ambientales que expresan —a nivel ecosistémico— unos daños irreversibles y —a nivel social y comunitario— una decadencia de la sociedad campesina. Todo ello producto de la intervención profunda sobre la dinámica ecosistémica y el tejido social de lo que fue en el pasado el espléndido valle geográfico del río Cauca.
Editorial
Authors: Perafán Cabrera Aceneth
Published: May 2022

La revista Historia y Espacio, presenta en esta edición un dossier cuyo propósito principal se centra en visibilizar trabajos investigativos en torno a la historia ambiental, en el que se consideran temáticas relacionadas con los cambios profundos que se vienen suscitando en el medio natural y humano a partir de las diversas dinámicas de interrelación sociedad-naturaleza. La idea de crear este dossier, nace del interés de generar una reflexión acerca de los diversos procesos de cambio ocurridos en diversos socioecosistemas y comprender la extensión y periodicidad de las principales transformaciones ocurridas en estos escenarios. Algunos de estos procesos de cambio se relacionan de manera directa con diferentes acciones antrópicas ligadas al crecimiento económico, productivo, industrial, urbanístico o demográfico.
Los esfuerzos emprendidos para el desarrollo de este dossier, integrado por nueve artículos, brindan como principal aporte el acopio de estudios serios en torno al tema correspondiente a este volumen titulado: “Transformaciones ambientales, desastres naturales y enfermedades tropicales e infecciosas”.
Artificial Neural Networks for On-line Optimisation of Biotechnological Processes
Authors: Kovar Karin , Kunze Axel , Gehlen Stefan
Published: May 2022

Since artificial neural networks represent a commercially attractive tool for process modelling and optimisation, some examples of their use in biotechnology are briefly reviewed. Models based on neural networks can be successfully applied for the optimisation of industrial fermentation
processes, as long as the reliability of the network outputs is taken into account. Special network types provide a statistical measure that indicates the particular reliability of the estimation.
Sperm Cells as DNA Vectors for the Preparation of Transgenic Animals
Authors: Jonák Jiří
Published: May 2022

Sperm-mediated DNA transfer strategy which has been used for the preparation of genetically modified, transgenic organisms is discussed, and sperm-mediated transgenesis of Xenopus laevis frogs with retroviral Rous sarcoma virus DNA is summarized.
Biochemical Engineering – A Competence of Our New Universities of Applied Sciences
Authors: Sonnleitner Bernhard
Published: May 2022

The missions of the recently founded Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences are schematically sketched, and the activities within Biochemical Engineering at these institutions are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the coordination of activities and networking. As an example,
the way of the 'Zürcher Hochschule Winterthur' is depicted in more detail.
Genomics for Biotechnology
Authors: Pačes Václav
Published: May 2022

A wealth of information has been gained from completely sequenced genomes. So far, most of the sequenced genomes are bacterial genomes. In addition to the basic metabolic pathways, various bacterial genomes encode pathogenicity, degradation of xenobiotics, synthesis of unusual compounds, or photosynthesis. The knowledge of the complete DNA sequence of bacterial genomes can facilitate considerably studies of these features as well as their practical applications in biotechnology. Many open reading frames (ORFs) found in bacterial genomes are identified with their function by a similarity search of standard databases. However, some of the bacterial genome projects are concluded by depositing the nucleotide sequence in a database with no simple means to study functions of those ORFs for which a similarity search did not allow convincing functional assignments. It is desirable to develop systems for easy functional analysis of these ORFs. Rhodobacter capsulatus is a bacterium that has the potential for developing such systems. Its genome harbors a defective phage called Gene Transfer Agent (GTA) that enables systematic deletions of DNA regions of various sizes. This unique feature, together with photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, degradation of several pollutants, and synthesis of biodegradable plastic encoded by the R. capsulatus genome, make this bacterium an attractive subject of biotechnological applications.
Rôle des Assistants techniques de l'EIG Filière de Génie Chimique
Authors: Walther Jean-Robert
Published: May 2022

We are responsible for the maintenance and running of existing pilot plants for student laboratory sessions and diploma projects. We also build new installations by assembling pipelines, instrumentation, pumps and valves, and connecting the energy, water and electricity supplies. In
addition, we perform chemical analysis and administer the chemicals and materials required by the various chemical engineering laboratories.
The Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property
Authors: Escher André J. , Stauffer Thomas P.
Published: May 2022

The Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property is the granting authority for all intellectual property rights in Switzerland. These include national patents, trademarks and designs. Apart from these official duties, it offers a broad spectrum of services, like assistance for patent
applicants, training courses about intellectual property as well as a series of patent and technical information services. By these means the Institute supports the protection of the research results as well as the progress of the Swiss industry and science.
Importance of Trademark Protection for the Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Haring Werner
Published: May 2022

This article gives an overview of the marked shift which trademark protection has undergone during the past years. Burning trademark issues in the chemical and pharmaceutical area are parallel imports, central pharmaceutical product registration in the EU, counterfeiting, and Internet
domain names.
The Postgraduate Program in Intellectual Property at the ETH Zürich: A Modern Educational Program for Graduates in Science or Technology Wishing to Start a Career as Patent Specialists
Authors: Laederach Herbert , Lampert Marianne
Published: May 2022

Since October 1996 the ETH Zürich has offered a Postgraduate Program in Intellectual Property (NDS). The one-year study program is primarily intended for university graduates in science or technology from Switzerland and abroad. It aims to equip its participants with a sound knowledge
in intellectual property rights which enables them to obtain a position in the patent, licensing or trademark department of a large industrial concern or a specialist legal office. The NDS is a fulltime program with a wide range of courses given by over one hundred specialists from all around
the world. Interactive didactic methods and multimedia are integrated in the teaching. In order to ensure the quality of the program, students and guest lecturers are subject to continuous reciprocal evaluations.Managed like a small business, the NDS benefits from its independent status
at the ETH. Thus, each spring, road shows for potential students are held at several technical universities in Switzerland and abroad. On the other hand, the NDS is financed by the ETH Zürich and is not self-supporting; however, in order to increase outside income, tuition costs have
recently been raised from SFr. 5 100 to SFr. 11 100. The ETH Zürich awards a certificate to participants who have successfully completed the examinations, which permits them to use the title 'Dipl. NDS ETHZ für Geistiges Eigentum'. This title is recognized by the European Patent
Office and confers exemption from six months of the practice period required for admission to the examination for European Patent Attorneys (reducing the required time to 2½ years).
The Doctrine of Exhaustion in the Swiss Patent Law
Authors: Leimgruber Fabian R.
Published: May 2022

The doctrine of exhaustion belongs, alongside the protection of computer programs, the patentability of genetically altered species and the cross-border injunctions, to the most discussed themes of the past few years in the area of intellectual property rights. The latest Swiss Federal Supreme Court decision in the case Kodak SA vs. Jumbo-Markt AG was the first decision at the highest level of jurisdiction in Switzerland on the doctrine of exhaustion in patent law. The following article focuses on one of the crucial elements, the historical interpretation element, in discussing the Kodak case. The article concludes with an overview of the political impact of the Swiss Supreme Court decision regarding, inter alia, the new Swiss law on medicines.
Disclosure Problems for Living Material - Illustrated on the Basis of the Practice of the European Patent Organisation
Authors: Bormann Peter
Published: May 2022

A patent application must describe, i.e. disclose, the invention in a manner sufficiently clear for it to be carried out by a person skilled in the art. The disclosure is an essential requirement for a patent to be granted. However, for biological inventions, this can lead to
problems. To resolve these problems, ways have been found to enable the disclosure requirement to be met even in the field of modern biology. This was achieved by the possibility to deposit biological material and by following the decisions of the European Patent Organisation (EPO).
Fachhochschule beider Basel, Muttenz: Verabschiedung von Prof. Dr. D. Jahn
Authors: Müller Marianne Hürzeler
Published: May 2022

After 27 years as lecturer at the FHBB, Dieter Jahn retired last autumn. We would like to thank him for his great and continuing efforts. Students always respected him for his quiet, correct and conscientious manner. Colleagues were always able to profit from his enormous knowledge
and experience. We wish Dieter Jahn and his family all the best.
Strom, das saubere Reagenz: Kompetenzzentrum Elektrochemie an der FHBB
Authors: Müller Marianne Hürzeler
Published: May 2022

Despite of its advantages, electrochemistry has almost disappeared from organic synthesis. Since we promote environmentally clean technologies, we started to investigate electro-organic reactions, such as the Kolbe reaction. One of our Kolbe products is an attractive chiral building
block, in which Fluka is interested. In collaboration with Schering-Plough, we found an interesting electrochemical reduction procedure for an imine in water as solvent. The traditional catalytic reduction is carried out in expensive and aggressive solvents which are not easy to handle.Since
regulations regarding waste water and exhaust air in chemical processes are becoming increasingly rigorous, electro-organic chemistry would be a sustainable non-polluting complement to classical chemistry. Therefore, we intend to enhance our knowledge in electrochemical synthesis.
Supramolecular Chemistry and Molecular Recognition
Authors: Woggon W.-D. , Wenger R.M.
Published: May 2022

Supramolecular chemistry involves the study of molecular assemblies in which noncovalent interactions such as Coulomb forces, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonding are the principle binding forces. As such it has become an established research area encompassing all disciplines of chemistry which have been traditionally separated in the past.Nowadays it is understood that noncovalent interactions are extremely important in many biological processes such as receptor–ligand binding, enzyme–substrate complex formation, antibody–hapten binding, and cell surface recognition, to name but a few. Accordingly, supramolecular chemistry is likely to provide insight into these phenomena by the investigation of artificial synthesizable molecular assemblies. Besides this, it can be predicted that applications in nanotechnology will use supramolecular devices as sensors and as modules for storing and processing information.To capture the recent development in this fast growing area the Section Chemical Research of the New Swiss Chemical Society invited some protagonists of the field for a state-of-the-art report on the occasion of its annual autumn meeting in Basel. The following account reviews some aspects of the presentations. Selected references are provided for further information.
Chemosensitivity–Gene Expression Correlations and Functional Enrichment Analysis Provide Insight into the Mechanism of Action of a Platinum–Acridine Anticancer Agent
Authors: Wu Haoqing , Bierbach Ulrich
Published: May 2022

Growth inhibition (GI) and gene expression profiles across the 60 cell lines of the NCI-60 screen were analyzed to elucidate mechanistic differences between a nucleolus-targeting platinum-acridine (PA) hybrid anticancer agent (compound 1) and the standard-of-care chemotherapies cisplatin, oxaliplatin, mitomycin c, doxorubicin, and topotecan. The study utilized Pearson correlation and functional enrichment analysis tools (including gene set enrichment analysis, GSEA) in combination with the gene ontology (GO) resource to identify cellular processes that might contribute to the unique spectrum of activity and high potency of compound 1. The GSEA results are consistent with DNA being a major target of compound 1 based on the negative correlation observed between its potency and expression levels of genes implicated in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. GO terms related to RNA processing, including ribosome biogenesis and RNA splicing, are also negatively enriched in GSEA for compound 1, suggesting a mechanism by which these processes render cells more resistant to the hybrid agent. The opposite trend is observed for the other DNA-targeted drugs. Significant functional interactions (STRING) exist between genes/gene products involved in ribosome biogenesis and DSB repair in rDNA, including BRCA1, BABAM1, RPA2, MDM2, RAD21, RAD54L, RPL5, and PAK1IP1. The results suggest that high levels of ribosome biogenesis may buffer compound 1’s cytotoxicity by triggering the ribosomal protein (RPL5)-MDM2-p53 surveillance pathway to facilitate downstream repair of DSBs in rDNA as a nucleolar stress response.
Preparation, Characterization and Stability Study of Oral Reconstitutable Suspension of Amoxicillin and Potassium Clavulanate
Authors: Pranit P Atpadikar
Published: May 2022

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Trait variation and potential climate sensitivity of endemic alpine plants in Aotearoa
Authors:   , Papworth Nicki
Published: May 2022

For alpine plants to persist under climate change they must be able to adapt to new temperature and water regimes in their current ranges or migrate upslope to track temperatures within their tolerances. In addition, climate change is predicted to move across landscapes at rates that exceed those of dispersal in many specialists and endemic alpine species5. These multiple and interactive drivers of environmental change make it difficult to predict future species ranges from environmental data alone. Plant trait plasticity may provide a mechanism for species to persist in the face of rapid environmental change.

In this study, I aimed to quantify variation in phenotypic plasticity in four endemic alpine species at local and bioregional scales, in order to make predictions about their potential to respond to climate change. Eight trait variables associated with plant life history strategies and resource acquisition were measured, and permutation tests used to detect significant variation in trait values with elevation. Plasticity was seen in all species, indicating all may have some ‘bandwidth’ to able to adapt with rapidly changing mountain environments. I then discussed the resulting trait–environment relationships and what they may mean in regard species persistence under global climate change.
Numerical study of drag force on the UAV tilt and fixed wing model during vertical take off landing
Authors: Haikal Muhammad Musyfiq , Hidayat Rully , Jalaali Bahrul
Published: May 2022

A hybrid vertical take-off landing (VTOL) UAV combines the concepts of fixed-wing and rotary-wing UAV aircraft in one platform while performing in both conventional and vertical take-off landings. This aircraft has a drawback of significant drag force generated due to fixed-wing. Therefore, a Tilt-Wing often utilized to overcome this obstacle whereby it could be adjusted to the vertical and horizontal directions. To enhance the understanding of generated drag force on both wing model, this study was performed by examine the drag characteristic of the VTOL UAV. The simulations were carried out in the wind speed range by 1.4 m/s, 4.17 m/s, and 6.94 m/s. Simulation results showed that the drag of the UAV Hybrid Tilt-Wing and Fixed-Wing increased at the speed of 1.4 m/s to 6.94 m/s while the highest drag value was 177.51 N on a Fixed-Wing UAV aircraft and 1.97 N on a Tilt-Wing UAV aircraft. The result concluded that Tilt-Wing UAV has less drag which was more efficient than fixed-wing.
Analysis of The News About Turkovac Vaccine By Text Mining
Authors: YAĞAR Sema DÖKME
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada Türkiye tarafından geliştirilen Turkovac aşısı ile ilgili medyada yer alan haberler incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın kapsamını Hürriyet, Milliyet ve Posta gazetesinde yer alan 437 haber oluşturmuştur. Haberlerin elde edilmesinde
web madenciliği teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Metin madenciliği yöntemleri kullanılarak haberlerin başlık, özet ve içerikler için nicel içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Duygu analizi sonuçlarına bakıldığında, başlık, özet ve içeriklerde
daha çok olumlu yönde haberler yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Kelime bulutları incelendiğinde, en çok “aşı”, “Erdoğan”, “bakan”, “koca” ve “sağlık” gibi kelimelerin kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Başlık ve özet kapsamında kelimeler arasındaki
ağ analizlerine bakıldığında ise, “aşı-Turkovac”, “yerli-aşı”, “Erdoğan-Cumhurbaşkanı”, “Bakan-Koca” ve “kurul-bilim” gibi kelimelerin daha çok birlikte kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Bireyleri yönlendirebilme noktasında medyanın
olası etkisi dikkate alındığında, Turkovac aşısı ile ilgili genel olarak pozitif haberlerin yapılmasının aşılanma sürecini olumlu yönde etkileyebileceği söylenebilir.
Liman Yöneticilerinin Blok Zincir Farkındalık Düzeyi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KADIOĞLU Mustafa , ESMER Soner
Published: May 2022

Blockchain is an emerging technology that is considered by many to be a disruptive core technology. In this study, an evaluation was made on the use and awareness of the blockchain in port logistics in our country. A semi-structured
interview technique was used to interview with the managers of the ports in different geographic areas of Turkey. In the qualitative research, the blockchain awareness level of eighteen port managers was determined. The participants
of interview had received seven different questions by online and/or face to face. Some implications have been made on the use of blockchain in port logistics. When the answers reviewed, it has seen that the usage areas of the
blockchain awareness is relatively high and especially been associated with financial transactions. At the same time, there has been no consensus observed on whether usage of this technology is beneficial. It is expected that this
study will benefit researchers who want to study the use of blockchain in maritime and port logistics in the future
A Research On Five Factor Personal Characteristics Of Nurses In A Public Hospital
Authors: SÖNMEZ Kadriye , PEKER ;İbrahim Halil CANKUL & Suat
Published: May 2022

Çalışmanın amacı; hemşirelerin kişilik özelliklerini dışa dönüklük, yumuşak başlılık, öz disiplin, nevrotiklik ve açıklık alt boyutları açısından inceleyerek sınıflandırmaktır. Araştırma, bir kamu hastanesinde görev yapan hemşireler
üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 21.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın
ana ve alt hipotezlerinin testi yapılmadan önce kullanılan ölçeklerin güvenilirlikleri Cronbach's Alpha ile test edilmiştir. Hemşirelerin görev yaptıkları bölümlere göre, beş faktör kişilik özellikleri puan ortalaması bakımından
(p=0,000) anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Ameliyathanede çalışan personelin puan ortalaması diğer bölümlere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Beş faktör kişilik özellikleri alt boyutu olan öz disiplin, medeni durum değişkeni açısından bekâr
hemşirelerin beş faktör kişilik özellikleri puan ortalaması daha yüksektir. Beş faktör kişilik özellikleri alt boyutu olan nevrotiklik, mezuniyet değişkeni açısından lise mezunu hemşirelerin beş faktör kişilik özellikleri puan
ortalaması daha yüksek bulunmuştur.