bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of thiosulfate on the passivation of zinc-alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution at 353 K
Authors: Zaw Thwelt Thinzar , Mungsantisuk Pinai , Lothongkum Anchaleeporn Waritswat , Lothongkum Gobboon
Published: April 2023

The effect of thiosulfate (S2O3
2−) with the different concentrations (100 g m−3, 150 g m−3, 200 g m−3) on the passivation of Zn alloys in artificial seawater at 353 K is investigated by using immersion tests, electrochemical measurements, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with EDX. It is found that the presence of thiosulfate in the solution can hinder the passivation. Potentiodynamic polarization results show that thiosulfate increases the current density at which the thin passive films with the low corrosion resistance are formed. Thiosulfate effect to retard the passivation, is different with the concentrations exposed to the respective Zn alloys based on the Al content. Due to the presence of various Zn and Al protective compounds at the surface, the passivation of Zn alloys occurs at the immersion time of 432 ks in the form of thin film. After the immersion time is 1037 ks, the passivation is still approximately as close as 432 ks inhibiting the film growth by the effect of thiosulfate and depassivation also would be occurred with the removal of the oxide thin film by the longer immersion time.
Singular optics empowered by engineered optical materials
Authors: Barati Sedeh Hooman , Litchinitser Natalia M.
Published: April 2023

The rapid development of optical technologies, such as optical manipulation, data processing, sensing, microscopy, and communications, necessitates new degrees of freedom to sculpt optical beams in space and time beyond conventionally used spatially homogenous amplitude, phase, and polarization. Structuring light in space and time has been indeed shown to open new opportunities for both applied and fundamental science of light. Rapid progress in nanophotonics has opened up new ways of “engineering” ultra-compact, versatile optical nanostructures, such as optical two-dimensional metasurfaces or three-dimensional metamaterials that facilitate new ways of optical beam shaping and manipulation. Here, we review recent progress in the field of structured light–matter interactions with a focus on all-dielectric nanostructures. First, we introduce the concept of singular optics and then discuss several other families of spatially and temporally structured light beams. Next, we summarize recent progress in the design and optimization of photonic platforms, and then we outline some new phenomena enabled by the synergy of structured light and structured materials. Finally, we outline promising directions for applications of structured light beams and their interactions with engineered nanostructures.
The crystal structure of (E)-N′-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)propylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide, C16H15FN2O2
Authors: Yang Sha , Men Jing , Tang Wenqiang
Published: April 2023

C16H15FN2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.2751(7) Å, b = 13.1232(7) Å, c = 11.7155(8) Å, β = 

90.011

(
7
)

∘

$90.011{(7)}^{\circ }$

, V = 1426.00(16) Å3, Z = 4,

R

g
t

${R}_{\mathit{g}\mathit{t}}$

(F) = 0.0570,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{\mathit{r}\mathit{e}\mathit{f}}$

(F
2) = 0.1462, T = 293 K.
A numerical study on the spatial orientation of aligning fibrous particles in composites considering the wall effect
Authors: Lin Jianjun , Zhao Qingxin , Chen Huisu , Xue Caihong , Li Mingqi , Yuan Lili
Published: April 2023

The reinforced efficiency of steel fibers in composites is closely related to their spatial orientation, which can be generally driven by the external magnetic force and restricted by the wall effect of rigid boundaries of the container. To clarify the spatial orientation of steel fibers in composites considering the effect of rigid boundaries under the electromagnetic field, a series of two-phase models consisting of fibrous particles and homogeneous matrix are generated, in which the fibers are separately simplified as spherocylindrical, cylindrical, and linear particles. Based on these models of the semi-periodic boundaries, the effect of fiber characteristics (e.g., the fiber content V
f, fiber aspect ratio ε, fiber length l
sf, and fiber style) on both the spatial distribution and orientation degree of fibrous particles is studied before and after the fibers are aligned by the magnetic force. The results revealed that (1) both the effective number N
A and orientation degree ξ of fibrous particles at a cross-section of the container can be greatly increased when the electromagnetic field is applied and (2) the wall effect of rigid boundaries shows an adverse impact on the amelioration of N
A and ξ, and the range size of the affected region is essentially equal to the effective length of fibrous particles of different shapes (e.g., l
sf + D
sf) for spherocylindrical particles and l
sf for cylindrical and linear particles).
Nanoarchitecture of Eumeninae nest: the compositional mystery unwrapped
Authors: Sankararaman Sankaranarayana Iyer
Published: April 2023

Nanoarchitecture in naturally occurring materials has always fascinated man tempting him to mimic them and explore the mystery behind their unparallel physical, structural, optical, thermal, and pharmacological properties. The paper scientifically validates the unknown composition of the Eumeninae wasp nest (EWN) exhibiting exceptional thermophysical and pharmacological properties. The Eumeninae wasp nest is subjected to various structure, elemental, and morphological characterizations by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Having understood the nanoarchitecture with the constituent elements, the electrical and thermal behaviour of the sample are also studied. The sample is closely similar to lateritic soil seen at the location where the nest sample is collected. The pharmacological potential of EWN is also unveiled through antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxicity studies.
Business intelligence as a tool to prepare for negotiations - conceptual model
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Grząba Krzysztof
Published: April 2023

The aim of this article is to present an original, conceptual model of using business intelligence as a preparation tool for negotiations or as a complete preparatory phase. It was developed on the basis of the author's own research on information needs in the negotiation process, a literature review, and analysis of selected training outlines in the field of negotiations. The basis of the presented model is the traditional intelligence cycle adopted and extended for the needs of the aforementioned process. In the first part, the author outlines the issues of business intelligence in a company, describing its role and how it can be used to obtain information and make accurate decisions. He successively evokes the issues of negotiations, presenting selected models of the negotiation process with particular emphasis on the preparatory phase, and then presents selected tools used in the negotiations. The main part of the article is the author's model of using business intelligence in the negotiation process and a description of this model. The most important advantage of the presented model is that it can be used as a tool and even as a whole preparatory phase, covering all the necessary aspects at this stage to make appropriate decisions, i.e. developing strategies, tactics, potential scenarios, techniques, etc. This model is intended to create an advantage in negotiations based on knowledge.
Categorization of universities belonging to the Conference of Rectors of Academic Schools in Poland in the light of data on three years of graduates
Authors:   Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, Rocki Marek
Published: April 2023

The paper indicates the possibility of the categorization of universities belonging to the Conference of Rectors of Academic Schools in Poland and universities associated with this conference, due to the available data on three graduates' years. The categorization uses two selected synthetic indicators determined in the nationwide system of monitoring the economic fate of graduates. The combinations of the values of these indicators make it possible to distinguish the category of universities whose graduates are assessed differently by employers. Additional possibilities of inference about changes in the categories of individual universities were also indicated. The results of categorization confirm the assumption that the identity of the university has a significant impact on the economic fate of graduates. At the same time, the summary of the results obtained for three years indicates the short-term stability of the categorization, or in other words, the lack - apart from a dozen or so exceptions - of significant changes in the categorization.
Pengaruh Tekanan Kompaksi dan Perekat terhadap Karakteristik Briket Limbah Daun Cengkeh
Authors: Biantoro Ari Bagus , Widayat Widi
Published: April 2023

Distillation process leave cloves leaf as waste that was burned as fuel. That means the leaf potential as solid fuel. This study aimed to determine the effect of compacting pressure and binder content on the characteristics of briquettes. Clove leaf waste was dried, then grinded and sieved through mesh 60. Briquetting is carried out at a pressure of 25kgf/cm2 and 50 kgf/cm2 with binder content varied from 10%, 15%, to 20%. Tests were conducted to get proximate composition (ash content, moisture content, volatile matters and fixed carbon), calorific value, density, stability, strength, and rate of combustion. The result showed that the treatments improved mainly the mechanical properties (density, stability, and strength). There was large change of volatile matter and fixed carbon value before and after briquetting but not for three variants of briquette. The calorific value decreased as binder content increased.
ANALISIS TEORITIS PENGGUNAAN JENIS TURBIN ANGIN TERHADAP OUTPUT DAYA LISTRIK
Authors: Rianto Maulana Ardiansyah , Sudarti Sudarti , Yushardi Yushardi
Published: April 2023

Wind turbine is a tool that converts kinetic energy into electrical energy. For now it is important to improve the efficiency of wind power plants in generating electrical power through the use of wind turbines. Seeing the rapid growth of the human population, the need for energy has also increased drastically. But that population growth is not offset by the availability of energy. Because for now the availability of energy in Indonesia, in particular, still uses energy resources that cannot be renewed. Seeing these shortcomings can take a solution with the use of alternative energy derived from nature, one example is wind energy. The purpose of this study is to find out how much electrical power output from the use of wind turbine types. This research uses the literature study method by examining 15 journals or sources related to research. The data used in this study were taken from documents or sources related to the study.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGASAPAN IKAN DENGAN BAHAN BAKAR LIMBAH KAYU SEBAGAI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PENGRAJIN KAYU DI JEPARA
Authors: Nugraha Arkan Bintang , Firmansyah Hendrix Noviyanto , Al Qudus Abdul Rahman , Ramadhan Arsyad Zanadin , Suhodo Nugroho
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to know the design and working drawings of the fish smoking tool. To know the design stages of the fish smoking tool. To know the budget required in making fish smoking equipment. A fish smoker is a tool that functions to dry fish with the heat contained in the smoke. Fish smoking is an agricultural product processing technique that aims to preserve fish and increase the selling price of fish in the market. In addition to increasing the selling price, smoking fish also serves to improve the taste of fish. By making this design it can be concluded that this tool can utilize wood waste as a heating medium in fish smokers. The budget required for making this tool is Rp. 4,601,000.00 with the tool specifications listed in the attachment.
“Orientalist paradigm” in the study of Oriental philosophical traditions: XIX – first half of XX century
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, Yarosh Oleg , Zavhorodnii Yurii ,   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, Strelkova Anastasia ,   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, Kapranov Serhiy ,   A. Yu. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, Kihno Alexander ,   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, Malakhova Kateryna ,   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv
Published: April 2023

The authors of the monograph focus on the historiography of the study of Oriental intellectual traditions within the framework of the “Orientalist paradigm”, that is, an established system of views that determine the way problems are posed and solved. The “Orientalist paradigm” is based on Enlightenment rationalism, universalism and progressivism, and its key postulate is the thesis of the ontological and epistemological difference or even gap between the “East” and the “West” (E. Said). “Orientalism” was preceded by the “receptive-polemical” stage of understanding of Oriental intellectual traditions in the Middle Ages and the early modern period, which was characterized by the works of translators and church polemicists. “Practical Orientalism” is closely related to this period, primarily associated with the activities of missionaries, diplomats, soldiers, travelers, and merchants. In turn, academic orientalism, which began to actively develop since the 17th century, is associated with translations and critical editions and interpretation of texts, reconstruction and reinterpretation of Eastern philosophical concepts. We also turned to the analysis of “Theosophical Orientalism”, which was based on essentialist interpretations of Eastern religious traditions, emphasizing the differences between their exoteric and esoteric aspects, from which the inner essential unity of various traditions emerges. We can characterize Theosophical Orientalism as an “inverted form” of classical Orientalism. All these approaches closely intersect with each other and are manifested in different ways in the study of certain religious and philosophical traditions of the East. The result of the research was a historical-philosophical reconstruction and critical assessment of the “Orientalist paradigm” in the context of the study of Eastern philosophical traditions, which is presented in this monograph.
Reducing the Frequency of Pulse Oximetry Alarms at a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Berg Kathleen J. , Johnson David P. , Nyberg Ginny , Claeys Christine , Ausmus Andrew , Wilkinson Emily , Clark Nicholas A.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Alarm fatigue is exacerbated by frequent, nonactionable physiologic monitor alarms. Overutilization of pulse oximetry (SpO2) compounds this alarm burden. Narrow default alarm limits and overutilization of continuous (CSpO2) rather than intermittent monitoring contribute to nonactionable alarms. There were 1.12 million SpO2 alarms on included units during the baseline period, of which 41.0% were for SpO2 ≥ 88%. We aimed to decrease SpO2 alarms per patient day by 20% within 12 months.

METHODS

This quality improvement study included patients admitted January 2019 to June 2022. Intensive care and cardiology units were excluded. Interventions included (1) changing default alarm SpO2 limits on monitors from <90% to <88%, (2) changing SpO2 order default from continuous to intermittent, and (3) adding indication requirements for CSpO2. Outcome measures were total SpO2 alarms and alarms for SpO2 ≥ 88% per patient day. Balancing measures were high acuity transfers and code blues without CSpO2 ordered. Control charts were used for each.

RESULTS

Our study included 120 408 patient days with 2.98 million SpO2 alarms. Total SpO2 alarms and alarms for SpO2 ≥ 88% per patient day decreased by 5.48 (30.57 to 25.09; 17.9%) and 4.48 (12.50 to 8.02; 35.8%), respectively. Special cause improvement was associated with changing default monitor alarm parameters. Balancing measures remained stable.

CONCLUSIONS

SpO2 monitors alarm frequently at our children’s hospital. Widening default alarm limits was associated with decreased SpO2 alarms, particularly nonactionable alarms (≥88%). This high-reliability intervention may be applied, when appropriate, to other monitor alarm parameters to further mitigate alarm burden.
Association of Maternal BMI and Rapid Infant Weight Gain With Childhood Body Size and Composition
Authors: Gilley Stephanie P. , Harrall Kylie K. , Friedman Chloe , Glueck Deborah H. , Cohen Catherine C. , Perng Wei , Sauder Katherine A. , Krebs Nancy F. , Shankar Kartik , Dabelea Dana
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES

Maternal prepregnancy BMI (ppBMI) and an infant’s rapid weight gain (RWG) are each associated with increased risk for childhood obesity. We hypothesized that ppBMI and RWG interact to further raise childhood obesity risk.

METHODS

Mother-infant dyads (n = 414) from the Healthy Start Study, an observational prebirth cohort, were included. RWG was defined as a weight-for-age z score increase of ≥0.67 from birth to 3 to 7 months. Body composition was measured by air displacement plethysmography at age 4 to 7 years. General linear regression models were fit to characterize associations between ppBMI, RWG, and their interaction with the outcomes of childhood BMI-for-age z score and percent fat mass (%FM).

RESULTS

A total of 18.6% (n = 77) of offspring experienced RWG. Maternal ppBMI and RWG were both positively associated with offspring BMI z score and %FM. RWG amplified the association between ppBMI and BMI z score, especially among females. Females exposed to maternal obesity and RWG had an average BMI at the 94th percentile (1.50 increase in childhood BMI z score) compared with those exposed to normal ppBMI and no RWG (average childhood BMI at the 51st percentile). RWG had a weaker effect on the association between ppBMI and %FM. Adjustment for breastfeeding status or childhood daily caloric intake did not significantly alter findings.

CONCLUSIONS

Rapid infant weight gain interacts with maternal ppBMI to jointly exacerbate risk of childhood obesity. Pediatric providers should monitor infants for RWG, especially in the context of maternal obesity, to reduce future risk of obesity.
Sex Differences in Outcome and Prescribing Practice in ST-elevation MI Patients with Multivessel Disease and Incomplete Revascularisation
Authors: Burgess Sonya , Juergens Craig P , Yang Wesley , Shugman Ibrahim M , Idris Hanan , Nguyen Tuan , McLean Alison , Zaman Sarah , Thomas Liza , Robledo Kristy P , Mussap Christian , Lo Sidney , French John
Published: April 2023

Objective: To investigate the extent to which multivessel disease, incomplete revascularisation and prescribing differences contribute to sex-based outcome disparities in patients with ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and establish whether differences in cardiac death and MI (CDMI) rates persist at long-term follow-up. Methods and results: This observational study evaluates sex-based outcome differences (median follow-up 3.6 years; IQR [2.4–5.4]) in a consecutive cohort of patients (n=2,083) presenting with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention). Of the studied patients 20.3% (423/2,083) were women and 38.3% (810/2,083) had multivessel disease (MVD). Incomplete revascularisation was common. The median residual SYNTAX score (rSS) was 5.0 (IQR [0–9]) in women and 5.0 (IQR [1–11]) in men (p=0.369), and in patients with MVD it was 9 (IQR [6–17]) in women and 10 (IQR [6–15]) in men (p=0.838). The primary endpoint CDMI occurred in 20.3% of women (86/423) and in 13.2% of men (219/1,660) (p=0.028). Differences persisted following multivariable risk adjustment: female sex was independently associated with CDMI (aHR 1.33; IQR [1.02–1.74]). Women with MVD had CDMI more often than all other groups (p<0.001 for all). Significant sex-based prescribing differences were evident: women were less likely to receive guideline-recommended potent P2Y12 inhibitors than men (31% versus 43%; p=0.012), and differences were particularly evident in patients with MVD (25% in women versus 45% in men, p=0.011). Conclusion: Sex-based differences in STEMI patient outcome persist at long-term follow-up. Poor outcomes were disproportionately found in women with MVD and those with rSS>8. Observed differences in P2Y12 prescribing practices may contribute to poor outcomes for women with MVD and incomplete revascularisation.
A study of Supreme Court Decisions on Criminal Procedure in 2022
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Suh Bo-Hack
Published: April 2023

In 2022, there were numerous Supreme Court rulings in the field of criminal procedure law. Among them, eleven important judgments with substantial meanings related to criminal practice, theory, and guarantee of basic rights of the people were selected to introduce the issues and to give a brief review. The main judgments introduced in the paper include the following; ① the court-appointed absentee property manager is a legal representative with the right to file a complaint; ② the arrest of flagrant offender requirement for 'necessity of arrest' and its criteria; ③ even when the investigative agency does not notify foreigners of consular notification without delay to make the arrest and detention procedure illegal, the principle of exclusion of illegal evidence will not be applied as an exception; ④ the meaning of information storage media belonging to the suspect who is entitled to participate in the seizure and search procedure as much as those who submit the evidence voluntarily; ⑤ if electronic information stored in a remote server can be confiscated or not when the warrant states only ‘electronic information stored in information processing devices such as computers’; ⑥ judgment on the obligation to acknowledge reduced facts among the criminal facts charged; ⑦ judgment on whether the statements made by video recordings in violation of methods and procedures can be accepted in accordance with Article 312, Paragraph 4 of the Criminal Procedure Act; ⑧ judgment on unconstitutionality of the special clause on the admissibility of evidence concerning the testimony of sexual violence victims under 19 years old in the video; ⑨ if the defense counsel’s cross-examination and witness’ statements can be used as evidence when the witness (victim) does not appear after only half of the witness interrogation without notifying his or her whereabouts; ⑩ judgement on whether the direct appeal to supreme court by the accused (which is not recognized by the court according to Article 373 of the criminal procedure act) can be recognized as an appeal when the prosecutor appeals to higher court making the case concur; ⑪ if the district court sentences the defendant to more than 10 years in prison or imprisonment, whether the prosecutor can appeal on the grounds that the sentence is light.
Through active criticism of the above rulings and discussions, many developments are expected in the field of criminal procedure law case and theory this year.
Using of emollients in children with atopic dermatitis (literature review)
Authors:   I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Mochulska O.M. , Hariyan T.V. ,   I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Horishnyi I.M. ,   I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Yarema N.M. ,   I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

Modern external pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis in children should be etiopathogenetic and effects on the mechanisms of formation of allergic inflammation. External therapy of atopic dermatitis in children consists in the local application of emollients, glucocorticosteroids, antileukotriene, antihistamine medications, topical calcineurin inhibitors, in the case of complicated forms - antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral medications along with skin care. Eliminating dryness of the skin is the most important part of the external therapy of atopic dermatitis. Emollients are the main agents of the basic external therapy of atopic dermatitis, which perform the role of restoring and protecting the stratum corneum of the epidermis, maintaining hydro-lipid balance and preventing transepidermal water loss, reduce dryness, itching and peeling, have a glucocorticoid-saving effect, are used to achieve and maintain control over the symptoms of the disease. Emollients contain lipids and work through occlusion, trapping natural moisture in the skin, and/or through the properties of a humectant component that draws water from the dermis into the epidermis. Emollients are combined with local and systemic therapy of atopic dermatitis of any degree of severity, it should be used independently in the period of remission, increasing the duration of remission and preventing relapses. Purpose - to increase the awareness of doctors and patients about the current features of the use of emollients in atopic dermatitis in children. The use of emollients together with hydration and cleaning of the skin contributes to the restoration and preservation of a skin barrier function, reduces susceptibility to irritants and allergens. Emollients soften, smooth and rehydrate the skin, which helps to reduce unpleasant sensations, dryness, itching, inflammation at atopic dermatitis in children. A wide range of dosage forms of emollients, including cleansing agents for washing (gels, foams/mousses, soaps, solutions), as well as non-rinsable agents (lotions, creams, ointments, oils, emulsions), makes this group of medications available for a large number of patients with various clinical situations. Emollients can be used independently, as well as as adjuvant therapy with other topical or systemic agents at atopic dermatitis in children. The effective use of emollients improves the condition of the skin and has a positive effect on the quality of life. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Monkeypox (mpox) is a new problem on a global scale for humanity
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Chernyshova L.I. , Chernyshov A.V. ,   SI «National Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine of the NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv
Published: April 2023

Purpose - to draw attention to an infection that was little known, but has now become a global problem for society; to familiarize readers with the peculiarities of the 2022 monkeypox outbreak and to increase the level of alertness of doctors to this disease. Monkeypox is a global problem because the disease is spreading rapidly, covering 111 countries. Three cases were diagnosed in Ukraine. It is predominantly a self-limited infection, but there are severe and deadly complications. The lethality of this disease ranges from 0% to 11%. The course of the disease is more severe in children and people with reduced immunity. Vertical transmission of the virus from mother to child is possible, resulting in congenital monkeypox. Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease and its natural reservoir is not exactly known, but rodents are most likely to act. In most cases, person-to-person transmission of the virus occurs through close skin to skin contact, often during sexual intercourse. At the beginning of the outbreak 98% of cases of disease were was diagnosed in homo- and bisexuals. Airborne transmission is also possible. Infection is possible through close contact with infectious skin lesions. Clinically, the initial period resembles influenza, but lymphadenopathy is characteristic, which is considered a pathognomonic symptom of mpox. The rash is similar to that of chickenpox, but with more prevalent location on palms and soles than in chickenpox. In the presence of a vesicular rash in a patient, it is necessary to exclude monkeypox. PCR diagnostics of the virus in samples of vesicles or crusts has the greatest diagnostic value. Hygienic skin care is important. Antiviral drugs (tecovirimat, brincidofovir) are recommended only in severe cases. To reduce the spread of infection, international rules apply as for other infections, such as COVID-19. The monkeypox virus vaccine is recommended primarily for groups at risk of infection, including medical personnel who may come into contact with the patient or samples for laboratory testing. Being aware for this infection, following international health regulations, it is possible to prevent the further spread of monkeypox. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Morphofunctional features of tissues and blood in rats against the background of experimental diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Havrylenko Yu.V. , Laiko A.A. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Syniachenko V.V. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Kyianytsia M.A. ,   Medical Centrе KinderKlinik, Kyiv, Ukraine, Osadcha T.M. ,   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Increased susceptibility to infections in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired body protective functions as a result of suppressed immunity, increased cellular adhesion of microorganisms, susceptibility to catabolic processes. Purpose - to determine the morphofunctional features of tissues and blood in rats against the background of experimental diabetes mellitus (EDM); to investigate the effect of the extract of seven medicinal plants BNO 1030 in them. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 20 male Wistar rats in order to determine their level of nicotineamideadeninedinucleotide (NAD), reactive oxygen species in white blood cells and superoxide dismutase. All animals were separated: the Group 1 was the control group of healthy rats, the Group 2 - the control group receiving BNO 1030 extract, the Group 3 included animals with the EDM without treatment, the Group 4 - rats with the EDM, which received the BNO 1030 extract. Results. After 6 weeks of development of the EDM, the NAD blood level in diabetic rats was reduced and reached (0.270±0.017) µmol/L, which is lower than that in the control group ((0.357±0.021) µmol/L). The group of diabetic rats treated with BNO 1030 extract showed its increase to (0.341±0.012) μmol/L compared to the group of diabetic animals, which did not receive the drug. While assessing the viability of white blood cells, it has been established that the death of most of these cells occurs by apoptosis against the background of the EDM. When BNO 1030 was used in the group of diabetic rats, the level of apoptotic cells decreased and amounted to 13.7% compared to the group, which was not administered with the drug (20.8%). In addition, the level of apoptosis in control rats, which also received BNO 1030, decreased by 3% versus the control group. Conclusions. The reduction of NAD content in tissues and blood in experimental animals with the EDM was determined, and its increase by 24% following the administration of BNO 1030 was established, which proves positive effect of the drug on the course of energy processes and glycolysis - the main route of carbohydrate metabolism. When carrying out experiments with laboratory animals, all bioethical norms and recommendations were observed. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Purification and characterization of a recombinant beta-glucosidase in Escherichia coli
Authors: Thi Binh Nguyen , Thi Quy Nguyen , Thu Hong Le Thi , Nam Hai Truong
Published: April 2023

Beta-glucosidase (BGL) is an enzyme involved in the degradation of cellulose and plays an essential part in many biological processes. Currently, most BGLs applied in the industry are derived from fungi. Exploring novel BGLs with desired properties is attractive. The recombinant BGL derived from microorganisms surrounding white-rot fungus in Cuc Phuong National Park was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta 1 (denoted as the GH3S2 gene). The protein GH3S2 was purified by an affinity chromatography column using buffer PBS 50 mM (NaCl-free) pH 7, and the enzyme was collected in buffer containing imidazole 300 mM. The purity and content of the purified protein was determined. The purity of the enzyme obtained after purification reached over 95%. The result of the GH3S2 protein content in the purified sample was 1.54 mg/ml. Thus, amount of the purified GH3S2 obtained from one liter of bacterial culture was 41.80 mg. The final GH3S2 was purified approximately 7.05–fold with a purification yield of 40.06%. The purified enzyme was used to study the properties. This enzyme optimally was activated at 37oC and pH 6.0. At this condition, the enzyme specific activity was 2.23 U/mg in the pNPG substrate, and Km and Vmax were, respectively, 4.55 mM and 4.91 μmol/min. Its activity increased to 200% and 119% in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and decreased to 33% and 14% when Ni2+ and Cu2+ were added. The enzyme activity was maintained at 70% when the glucose concentration was at 6 mM and then gradually decreased.
Sample preparative procedure for Pseudomonas aeruginosa observation under scanning electron microscope
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Hoa Binh , Pham Thi Thuy Vy , Huynh Thuc Quyen , Nguyen Thi Hiep , Nguyen Thi Thu Hoai
Published: April 2023

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a popular tool used for observing bacteria surface and morphology. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model, this work aimed to show a SEM preparative procedure that is simple and economical but does not result in considerable data loss. This was accomplished via testing fixing ability of 10% formalin versus 2.5% glutaraldehyde, efficiency of air drying versus t-butyl alcohol drying method. Following that, polypropylene, dialysis tubing and agar were also assessed for their ability to serve as a supporting material for cell adhesion in preparing sample for SEM. Consequently, obtained data showed that the procedure using 24-hour 10% formalin fixation and t-butyl alcohol drying preserved well bacterial morphology. With this procedure, little cell or membrane damage was seen while extracellular structures were clearly observed. Furthermore, when this procedure was applied with different types of substrates including polypropylene, dialysis tubing, and agar, it showed that sample fixed on polypropylene maintained well extracellular structures meanwhile sample fixed on agar presented well bacterial morphology. In conclusion, our data suggested that coating samples on polypropylene, followed by 24-hour 10% formalin fixation and t-butyl alcohol drying was appropriate for observing bacteria under SEM.
Isolation and screening antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes from marine organisms samples of the area Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
Authors: Hong Minh Le Thi , Mai Anh Nguyen , Thi Quyen Vu , Thu Huyen Vu Thi , Thi Dao Phi , Thuy Linh Nguyen , Mai Huong Doan Thi , Van Cuong Pham
Published: April 2023

The marine environmental conditions are particularly different from terrestrial ones; recent studies have showed that marine actinomycetes might produce many novel compounds with good biological activity. The objective of this study is to isolate and screen actinomycetes strains from the marine environment with activity against pathogenic microorganisms. Fifty strains of actinomycetes were isolated from 40 samples including: sediments, sponges, soft corals, echinoderms... collected from Van Phong Bay area of  Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. The strains fermented in A+ medium and fermentation broths were extracted 5 times with ethyl acetate. The extracts were evaporated under reduced  pressure to yield crude extracts. Quantitative assay was used to determine MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of extract against 7 test strains, including three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Salmonella enterica ATCC13076), three Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579), and the yeast Candida albicans ATCC10231. The result of screening showed that: 18/50 strains have shown the antibacterial activities against at least 3 strains of tested microorganisms. In which, strains G650, G654, G657, G666, G675 inhibited three Gram-positive test microorganisms at MIC values from 8 to 64 µg/mL and C. albicans ATCC10231 with MIC values from 2 to 16 µg/mL. In addition, the two strains G657 and G666 had inhibitory effect on  P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 và S. enterica ATCC13076 with MIC value 128 µg/mL. Morphological and phylogenetic investigations based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of the selected five strains showed that: strain G650 belonged to species Streptomyces ardesiacus and strain G666 high similarity to the genus Streptomyces; strain G654 showed the highest similarity to the Salinispora arenicola species; strain G657 highest similarity to the Micromonospora aurantiaca; whereas G675 belonged to the Nocardiopsis flavescens species.
Diskursöverbryggande perspektiv på återkopplande skrivsamtal i årskurs 3
Authors: Walldén Robert
Published: April 2023

Föreliggande studie svarar mot behovet av en mer nyanserad förståelse av skrivundervisning i tidiga skolår genom att belysa återkopplande samtal under klassrumsarbete med rådgivande brev. Studiens deltagare var en undervisande skolbibliotekarie och elever i årskurs 3 som genomförde en skrivuppgift efter högläsning av en barnbok. Materialet utgörs av ljudupptagningar samt fotograferade elevtexter. Analysen bygger på en empirinära operationalisering av Ivanićs ramverk för skrivdiskurser med fokus på hur samtalen relaterade till språklig korrekthet, struktur och kommunikativa mål. Den kommunikativa aspekten synliggörs genom Hallidays registerteori, medan interaktionen visualiseras som diskursiva rörelser mellan dessa olika perspektiv eller textnivåer. Resultatet visar att bibliotekarien ofta motiverade en viss textstruktur genom att hänvisa till aspekter som rörde den kommunikativa kontexten, såsom nödvändigheten att lugna mottagaren och ge tydliga motiveringar av föreslagna råd. Bibliotekarien förde också uppmärksamheten till behovet av att vara tillräckligt språkligt explicit i konstruktionen av texten. Därmed kunde diskursöverbryggande rörelser ses mellan ett fokus på struktur/innehåll och ett fokus på kommunikativ situation. Återkoppling gällande språklig korrekthet motiverades mer sällan med kommunikativa hänsynstaganden men detta förekom i samtal om sambandsord. Studien bidrar med en analytiskt lins som kan användas för att belysa interaktion under andra skrivdidaktiska moment.
Pedagogologins irrfärder på det pedagogiska kunskapsområdet
Authors: Fritzell Christer
Published: April 2023

I dabattartikeln framförs argument för ståndpunkten att svensk forskning inom det pedagogiska kunskapsområdet i takt med eroderad yttre status också utsatts för fortsatt devalvering av den vetenskapliga autonomin genom till synes oreflekterad pedagogologisk normativism. Dessa begrepp definieras och används i en kritik med fokus på hur pedagogikämnet under lång tid misslyckats med att etablera och utveckla en tydlig disciplinär karaktär.
The Middle East in the 20th century: from Entente until the Cold War
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Menedżerska w Warszawie, Jamsheer Hassan A.
Published: April 2023

Już podczas nawiązania entente cordial między Wielką Brytanią a Francją w 1904 r. oraz przyłączeniu do niej Rosji w 1907 r. sprawy bliskowschodnie (m.in. Maroko, Egipt, Iran, Afganistan) legły u podstaw tego sojuszu. Toteż kiedy wybucha I wojna światowa, trzy wymienione mocarstwa uznały się za powołane do ukształtowania przyszłości Bliskiego Wschodu zgodnie z własnymi interesami (porozumienie Sykes–Picot, korespondencja Hussein–MacMahon, deklaracja Balfoura i inne). W wyniku wojny (przegrana państw centralnych, wycofanie Rosji bolszewickiej z wojny) Wielka Brytania i Francja stały się jedynymi dominującymi siłami w tym regionie świata. Pierwsza otrzymała mandat Ligi Narodów nad Palestyną (wraz z wydzieloną jej częścią – Transjordanią) i Irakiem. Francja zaś otrzymała mandat nad Syrią i Libanem. Wielka Brytania zachowała ponadto swoją dominację nad Egiptem i Somalią Brytyjską. Francja z kolei – nad Algierią, Marokiem, Tunezją, Somalią Francuską. W tych nowo powstałych krajach arabskich państwo i administrację odwzorowywano na podobieństwo metropolii, co było w pewnych aspektach korzystne, w innych – dysfunkcjonalne i konfliktogenne. Ujawnia się to dobitnie w czasach niepodległości i zimnej wojny, tj. po II wojnie światowej.
Integracja cudzoziemców posiadających ochronę międzynarodową w Polsce na przykładzie województwa zachodniopomorskiego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Piepiora Ewa
Published: April 2023

Integration of foreigners is a process that requires the receiving country a series of measures aimed at enabling access to rights and services. After joining the European Union in the Act of 12 March 2004. On social assistance standards have been introduced to provide assistance to foreigners who have received international protection. In 2012, the Council of Ministers adopted the Polish Migration Policy - current status and requested action. In order to achieve the objectives of Polish Migration Policy Ministry of Labour and Social Policy Poland has developed a program document foreigners integration policy – principles and guidelines are recommendations that determine the directions of the state policy in the field of strengthening the integration of foreigners in Polish society and prepare the Poles to accept foreigners in their local communities.
Russian energy policy in the European space as a factor of power
Authors:   Międzynarodowe Centrum Studiów Politycznych w Kijowie, Slobodian Nataliia V.
Published: April 2023

We współczesnym świecie z typem gospodarki zależnej energetycznie czynnikiem wyznaczającym proces podejmowania strategicznych i politycznych decyzji w wymiarze geopolitycznym jest segment energetyczny. W artykule uwagę skupiono na wynikach gospodarczych oraz na fundamencie finansowym energetycznego czynnika agresywnego polityki zagranicznej Rosji na obszarze europejskim. Zostały również zbadane jakościowe i ilościowe wskaźniki współczesnego rosyjskiego rynku energetycznego. Ustalono źródła pochodzenia bazy ekonomicznej opartej na wojskowym potencjale Federacji Rosyjskiej oraz zbadano zależność pomiędzy ilością wydatków na kompleks obronny a dochodami państwowego budżetu FR w branży energetycznej. Na podstawie wyników badań zaproponowano zestaw finansowych, gospodarczych i politycznych środków skutecznego powstrzymania bezkompromisowej polityki energetycznej Kremla na terenie państw europejskich.
Политическая философия справедливости Отфрида Хеффе
Authors:   Państwowa Akademia Nauk Ukrainy, Ситниченко Людмила А.
Published: April 2023

The paper covers an issue of justice in the light of a new paradigm in political philosophy proposed by Otfried Hoeffe’s theory of the exchange of justice. The author analyses the impact of this approach to justice upon understanding of how could contemporary society develop its fair moral and legal grounds. It is proved that for an adequate understanding of justice is its understanding as a personal responsibility, organically related to guidance on solidarity and recognition. Their interpretations of as well attempts to join moral and material grounds of social life to overcome of injustice are in the author’s focus. It is showed that freedom and justice are enrooted in a lifeword, as well relay upon formal norms and procedures of moral and justice. It gives a methodology for understanding of O. Hoeffe’s philosophy of political justice that states freedom and justice as basic conditions of human being.
Fostering Kaisertreue in the Austrian Empire: Literature on the Occasion of the Marriage of Emperor Francis Josef (1854)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, But Yuliya. E.
Published: April 2023

This article explores poems devoted to the dynastic festivities of the ruling House of Habsburg as one of the multiple instruments of fostering loyalty and dynastic patriotism, primarily in in-school youth who were regarded as future citizens of the Austrian Empire. The concepts of dynastic patriotism, Kaisertreue (literally, faithfulness to the emperor), Huldigungsschriften (literally, homage writings), the Habsburg myth, pietas Austriaca, and Habsburg propaganda provide the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The author refers to three poems devoted to the wedding festivities of Emperor Francis Joseph and Elizabeth of Bavaria in 1854. Two of them — one of which is written in Hungarian and the other in German — are examples of the panegyric ode and were authored by schoolteachers. The third one is a moral poem, easy to understand, with a heartwarming storyline. All the three poems in question are quite ordinary in terms of literary and artistic merit. Their choice is motivated by the author’s desire to demonstrate through those Huldigungsschriften her hypothesis that the Habsburg myth which emphasised the virtues and all-encompassing benevolence of the Habsburg rulers was being transmitted in various formats and different languages to in-school youth in the lands of the Austrian monarchy to foster loyalty and dynastic patriotism. Rather than studying the three writings for their literary and artistic merit, the article mainly focuses on discussing this kind of poetry as a historical phenomenon and an instrument of propaganda which was aimed at developing a loyal and faithful population of the polyethnic and multicultural Habsburg Empire.
“Cold War” Ideologeme: Aspects of Functioning in Historical and Modern Media Spaces
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Amirov Valery M. , Glebovich Tatiana A. ,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5965-0126
Published: April 2023

This article analyses aspects underlying the functioning of the “cold war” ideologeme in the media texts of two historical periods. The aggravation of political relations between the collective West and Russia actualises the concept of “cold war” which entered the lexicon of the Soviet media after the end of World War II and is being increasingly used by journalists to characterise what is happening today. The methodology of structural and thematic analysis employed to study the practices of functioning of the ideologeme “cold war”, as well as elements of content analysis make it possible to identify and characterise the features of the use of this ideologeme in modern Russian political media texts. What makes this study original is the approach the authors use to substantiate the conclusions of the article comparing the journalistic practices of using the ideologeme “cold war” in two historical periods: Soviet and Russian (from 2014 to the present). The theoretical basis of the article is the research of renowned Russian scholars, and the analysis is based on the development of the topic in papers on philology. The empirical basis formed for the article includes more than 500 publications of the Soviet and Russian media from Sovetskaya Rossiya, Nezavisimaya Gazeta, Vedomosti, Trud, Novaya Gazeta, Krasnaya Zvezda, Izvestia, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Pravda, and REGNUM news agency which contain the “cold war” ideologeme. As a result of the study, the authors demonstrate the differences in the practice of applying the ideologeme and the conditionality of these differences. They establish that the Soviet stage of the use of the ideologeme “cold war” is representative, while the Russian stage significantly expands and changes its functional possibilities.