bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression Profiles of Hepatic lncRNAs in the Mouse Model of Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Dou Xiaobing , Yang Wenwen , Ding Qinchao , Han Qiang , Qian Qianyu , Du Zhongyan , Fan Yibin , Wang Cui , Li Songtao
Published: July 2021

Background and Aim: The worldwide prevalence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) due to escalating alcohol consumption has presented an unprecedented pressure on human health. A few studies have determined long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. However, the roles of lncRNAs in ALD development is still poorly understood.

Methods: An ALD mouse model was established and confirmed. Expression profiles of lncRNAs were obtained by whole transcriptome sequencing. The altered lncRNAs in ALD mice were further verified by qRT-PCR. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to enrich the functions of these lncRNAs. In combination with miRNA and mRNA profiles, we constructed concise endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. The function of the most up/downregulated lnRNA was further verified and investigated in both ALD model and AML-12 cells.

Results: Totally, five downregulated lncRNAs were obtained and verified in ALD mice. The GO term and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that the identified lncRNAs were associated with alcohol-induced hepatic oxidative damage, cellular inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Combination the differentially modulated miRNAs and mRNAs with ceRNA network analysis, we constructed five ceRNA networks and obtained 30 miRNAs and 25 mRNAs that may participate in ALD. Further, we verified and investigate the function of the most downregulated lnc_1700023H06Rik. Depletion lnc_1700023H06Rik reduced genes encoding for lipid metabolism, especially mRNA Acat2 (ENSMUST00000159697) and Pgrmc2 (ENSMUST00000058578) both in vivo and in vitro. Knocking down lnc_1700023H06Rik induced triglyceride accumulation and lactate dehydrogenase leakage in AML12 cells, consisting with that in alcohol-treated cells.

Conclusion: The five remarkably downregulated lncRNAs in ALD mouse model were identified as novel biomarkers, highlighting the key role of lncRNAs in the development of ALD. The effect of lnc_1700023H06Rik plays a pivotal role in lipid deposition and its pathological pathway in ALD needs further investigation.
Allogeneic Red Blood Cell Transfusion Rate and Risk Factors After Hemiarthroplasty in Elderly Patients With Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Yue Rui , Yang Minghui , Deng Xiaohui , Zhang Ping
Published: July 2021

Objective

This study aimed to determine the rate and risk factors of allogeneic red blood cell transfusions (ABT) after hemiarthroplasty (HA) in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture (FNF).

Methods

The subjects of the study were elderly patients (≥65 years old) who were admitted to the geriatric trauma orthopedics ward of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between March 2018 and June 2019 for HA treatment due to an FNF. The perioperative data were collected retrospectively, and univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the post-operative ABT rate and its risk factors.

Results

There were 445 patients in the study, of whom 177 (39.8%) received ABT after surgery. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative low hemoglobin (Hb), high intraoperative blood loss (IBL), advanced age, and a low body mass index (BMI) are independent risk factors of ABT after HA in elderly FNF patients.

Conclusion

ABT after HA is a common phenomenon in elderly patients with FNF. Their post-operative ABT needs are related to preoperative low Hb, high IBL, advanced age, and low BMI. Therefore, ABT can be reduced by taking these factors into account. When the same patient had three risk factors (preoperative low hemoglobin, advanced age, and low BMI), the risk of ABT was very high (78.3%). Also, when patients have two risk factors of preoperative low hemoglobin and low BMI, the risk of ABT was also high (80.0%).
Integration of miRNAs, Degradome, and Transcriptome Omics Uncovers a Complex Regulatory Network and Provides Insights Into Lipid and Fatty Acid Synthesis During Sesame Seed Development
Authors: Zhang Yin-Ping , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Thakur Kiran , Zhang Fan , Hu Fei , Zhang Jian-Guo , Wei Peng-Cheng , Wei Zhao-Jun
Published: July 2021

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) has always been known as a health-promoting oilseed crop because of its nutrient-rich oil. In recent years, studies have focused on lipid and fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis in various plants by high-throughput sequencing. Here, we integrated transcriptomics, small RNAs, and the degradome to establish a comprehensive reserve intensive on key regulatory micro RNA (miRNA)-targeting circuits to better understand the transcriptional and translational regulation of the oil biosynthesis mechanism in sesame seed development. Deep sequencing was performed to differentially express 220 miRNAs, including 65 novel miRNAs, in different developmental periods of seeds. GO and integrated KEGG analysis revealed 32 pairs of miRNA targets with negatively correlated expression profiles, of which 12 miRNA-target pairs were further confirmed by RT-PCR. In addition, a regulatory co-expression network was constructed based on the differentially expressed gene (DEG) profiles. The FAD2, LOC10515945, LOC105161564, and LOC105162196 genes were clustered into groups that regulate the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) biosynthesis. The results provide a unique advanced molecular platform for the study of lipid and FA biosynthesis, and this study may serve as a new theoretical reference to obtain increased levels of UFA from higher-quality sesame seed cultivars and other plants.
How Do We Measure Social Management in Non-profit Organizations? A Scale Design Based on the Once Case
Authors: Moreno-Albarracín Antonio Luis , Ortega-Rodríguez Cristina , Álvarez-López José Carlos , Núñez-Cacho Pedro
Published: July 2021

One of the most important current challenges facing non-profit organizations (henceforth, NPOs) is to demonstrate that resources are being used properly to fulfill their missions. The development of control mechanisms to facilitate the measurement of social goal fulfillment has thus become a priority. In this context, transparency and good governance are configured as essential strategic elements to build trust with different stakeholders. In this work, we show the value provided by management indicators as they have become a necessary tool to confirm that the use of resources, internal processes and decisions within NPOs are carried out with the highest levels of efficiency and excellence. Only in this way can social credibility be achieved. The success of an NPO is inextricably linked to the support of donors, users, public administration and society as a whole. To achieve our research objective, we build a measurement scale based on the case of the Spanish National Organization for the Blind (ONCE), one of the largest Spanish NPOs. Based on ONCE’s experience, we propose a management indicator model that covers all social dimensions. The model is empirically validated to standardize the indicators for the ONCE and for serving as a reference for other entities.
Dynamical Properties and Conceptual Interpretation of Latent Change Score Models
Authors: Cáncer Pablo F. , Estrada Eduardo , Ollero Mar J. F. , Ferrer Emilio
Published: July 2021

Latent Change Score models (LCS) are a popular tool for the study of dynamics in longitudinal research. They represent processes in which the short-term dynamics have direct and indirect consequences on the long-term behavior of the system. However, this dual interpretation of the model parameters is usually overlooked in the literature, and researchers often find it difficult to see the connection between parameters and specific patterns of change. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive examination of the meaning and interpretation of the parameters in LCS models. Importantly, we focus on their relation to the shape of the trajectories and explain how different specifications of the LCS model involve particular assumptions about the mechanisms of change. On a supplementary website, we present an interactive Shiny App that allows users to explore different sets of parameter values and examine their effects on the predicted trajectories. We also include fully explained code to estimate some of the most relevant specifications of the LCS model with the R-packages lavaan and OpenMx.
Effects of Physical Activity and Mindfulness on Resilience and Depression During the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Antonini Philippe Roberta , Schwab Laurie , Biasutti Michele
Published: July 2021

The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic generated a significant number of stressors that the Swiss population had to deal with. In order to cope with and adapt to such adversity, it is essential to have protective factors that allow for resilience. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mindfulness and physical activity on depression and resilience during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative method was adopted asking participants who were engaged in physical activity or mindfulness to fill a battery of measures of depression and resilience and some demographic questions. The results showed that mindfulness practice strengthened the initial level of resilience of practitioners, suggesting that mindfulness meditation is a tool for coping with adversity during a potentially traumatic event. Conversely, physical activity practitioners maintained a stable resilience score over time, suggesting that exposure to adversity did not disrupt their state of biopsychospiritual homeostasis. Moreover, being physically active decreased the depression score over time. Regarding demographic variables, gender differences were observed in the average scores in the resilience scale and in the Depression Inventory.
Association of Seawater Nanoparticle Size Distribution With Diversity of Marine Plankton
Authors: Jiang Shuangcheng , Lin Peimei , Cai Yihua , Chen Ding , Pan Zhong , Lin Hui , Wang Fuli , Lin Qi
Published: July 2021

Upon tangential ultrafiltration and asymmetric flow field analyses, seawater nanoparticle size distribution and the associations with the total number of bacteria and plankton diversity were evaluated. Of the nanoparticles in the Jiulong River Estuary, 79% were from 1 to 6 nm (C1). C2 (6–20 nm) was correlated with dissolved organic carbon, while C2 and C3 (>20 nm) were associated with dissolved inorganic nitrogen, suggesting that C2 and C3 were impacted by biogenic elements. The total number of bacteria was correlated with C1 and C3. The correlations of Shannon's diversity index (H′) and C3, richness (d), and C1 suggested a link of particle size with phytoplankton biodiversity. Significant correlations of the H′ of zooplankton and C3, and of Pielou's evenness index (J) and C3, suggested C3 as a primary digestion product of zooplankton. The negative correlations of nano-organic carbon (NOC) with d and J suggested NOC as a carbon source for zooplankton. Biodiversity was associated with seawater nanoparticle size distribution. Biological activities regulated the nanoparticle size distribution, which impacted the estuarine nutrient cycling, in turn affecting the stability and balance of biodiversity. Correlation analysis of the size distribution of seawater nanoparticles and the plankton diversity index provided a potential tool for evaluating ecological effects.
When Nature Gets Thirsty
Authors: Weissinger Rebecca H. , Thoma David , Biel Alice Wondrak
Published: July 2021

Water is the fountain of life. Without water, nothing grows, including us! But not everything in nature can have all the water it needs, all the time. If plants and animals get too thirsty, they get stressed. When nature dries out, dangerous conditions like droughts and wildfires can happen. It is important for national park managers to understand where and when nature is thirsty. As scientists, we track how much water falls as rain and snow. Then we subtract how much water leaves through rivers, groundwater, and evaporation. The leftover water can be used by plants and animals. We compare how much water plants want to how much water is available, so we can know how thirsty plants are. The hotter it is, the faster water disappears. By knowing when and where nature is thirsty, park managers can take actions to help protect parks.
Formation of the BeH+ and BeD+ Molecules in Be+ + H/D Collisions Through Radiative Association
Authors: Szabó Péter , Góger Szabolcs , Gustafsson Magnus
Published: July 2021

Cross sections and rate coefficients for the formation of BeH+ and BeD+ molecules in Be+ + H/D collisions through radiative association are calculated using quantum mechanical perturbation theory and Breit-Wigner theory. The local thermodynamic equilibrium limit of the molecule formation is also studied, since the process is also relevant in environments with high-density and/or strong radiation fields. The obtained rate coefficients may facilitate the kinetic modelling of BeH+/BeD+ production in astrochemical environments as well as the corrosion chemistry of thermonuclear fusion reactors.
Management of the Cavity After Removal of Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone
Authors: Wang Yushan , Tian Qiaoqiao , Wu Chenyang , Li Haoze , Li Jian , Feng Yi
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To find out the most appropriate management scheme through the analysis and comparison of different inactivation methods and filling materials.

Method: A systematic literature search was performed using the terms, anhydrous ethanol, phenol, hypertonic saline, cryotherapy, thermal therapy, bone reconstruction, GCTB, and etc., Selected articles were studied and summarized. The mechanism, clinical effects, and influence on bone repair of various methods are presented. Recent developments and perspectives are also demonstrated.

Recent Findings: Compared to curettage alone, management of the residual cavity can effectively reduce the recurrence of giant cell tumours of bone. It is a complex and multidisciplinary process that includes three steps: local control, cavity filling, and osteogenic induction. In terms of local control, High-speed burring can enlarge the area of curettage but may cause the spread and planting of tumour tissues. Among the inactivation methods, Anhydrous ethanol, and hyperthermia therapy are relatively safe and efficient. The combination of the two may achieve a better inactivation effect. When inactivating the cavity, we need to adjust the approach according to the invasion of the tumour. Filling materials and bone repair should also be considered in management.
Volume Resuscitation in the Acutely Hemorrhaging Patient: Historic Use to Current Applications
Authors: Hall Kelly , Drobatz Kenneth
Published: July 2021

Acute hemorrhage in small animals results from traumatic and non-traumatic causes. This review seeks to describe current understanding of the resuscitation of the acutely hemorrhaging small animal (dog and cat) veterinary patient through evaluation of pre-clinical canine models of hemorrhage and resuscitation, clinical research in dogs and cats, and selected extrapolation from human medicine. The physiologic dose and response to whole blood loss in the canine patient is repeatable both in anesthetized and awake animals and is primarily characterized clinically by increased heart rate, decreased systolic blood pressure, and increased shock index and biochemically by increased lactate and lower base excess. Previously, initial resuscitation in these patients included immediate volume support with crystalloid and/or colloid, regardless of total volume, with a target to replace lost vascular volume and bring blood pressure back to normal. Newer research now supports prioritizing hemorrhage control in conjunction with judicious crystalloid administration followed by early consideration for administration of platelets, plasma and red blood during the resuscitation phase. This approach minimizes blood loss, ameliorates coagulopathy, restores oxygen delivery and correct changes in the glycocalyx. There are many hurdles in the application of this approach in clinical veterinary medicine including the speed with which the bleeding source is controlled and the rapid availability of blood component therapy. Recommendations regarding the clinical approach to volume resuscitation in the acutely hemorrhaging veterinary patient are made based on the canine pre-clinical, veterinary clinical and human literature reviewed.
Determination of the Spatial Resolution in the Case of Imaging Magnetic Fields by Polarized Neutrons
Authors: Treimer Wolfgang , Köhler Ralf
Published: July 2021

One of the most important parameters characterizing imaging systems (neutrons, X-rays, etc.) is their spatial resolution. In magnetic field imaging, the spatial resolution depends on the (magnetic) resolution of the depolarization of spin-polarized neutrons. This should be realized by different methods, but they all have in common that a spin-polarizing and spin-analyzing system is part of the resolution function. First a simple and useful method for determining the spatial resolution for unpolarized neutrons is presented, and then methods in the case of imaging with polarized neutrons. Spatial resolution in the case of polarized neutron imaging is fundamentally different from ‘classical’ spatial resolution. Because of π-periodicity, the shortest path along which a spin-flip can occur is a measure of ‘magnetic’ spatial resolution. Conversely, the largest detectable magnetic field (B-field) within a given path length is also a measure of magnetic spatial resolution. This refers to the spatial resolution in the flight direction of the neutrons (Δy). The Δx and Δz refers to the spatial resolution in x- or z-direction; however, in these cases a different method must be used. Therefore, two independent methods are used to distinguish longitudinal and lateral spatial resolution, one method to determine the modulation transfer function (MTF) by recording the frequency-dependent fringe contrast of magnetic field images of a coil (longitudinal spatial resolution), and the second method, to observe the fringe displacement at the detector as a function of magnetic motion, provided that the accuracy of the motion is much better than the pixel size (at least half the pixel size) of the detector (lateral spatial resolution). The second method is a convolution of the fringe pattern with the pixel array of the detector.
Novel Concept of Energy in Bipolar Single-Valued Neutrosophic Graphs with Applications
Authors: Mohamad Siti Nurul Fitriah , Hasni Roslan , Smarandache Florentin , Yusoff Binyamin
Published: July 2021

The energy of a graph is defined as the sum of the absolute values of its eigenvalues. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in graph energy research. Previous literature has suggested integrating energy, Laplacian energy, and signless Laplacian energy with single-valued neutrosophic graphs (SVNGs). This integration is used to solve problems that are characterized by indeterminate and inconsistent information. However, when the information is endowed with both positive and negative uncertainty, then bipolar single-valued neutrosophic sets (BSVNs) constitute an appropriate knowledge representation of this framework. A BSVNs is a generalized bipolar fuzzy structure that deals with positive and negative uncertainty in real-life problems with a larger domain. In contrast to the previous study, which directly used truth and indeterminate and false membership, this paper proposes integrating energy, Laplacian energy, and signless Laplacian energy with BSVNs to graph structure considering the positive and negative membership degree to greatly improve decisions in certain problems. Moreover, this paper intends to elaborate on characteristics of eigenvalues, upper and lower bound of energy, Laplacian energy, and signless Laplacian energy. We introduced the concept of a bipolar single-valued neutrosophic graph (BSVNG) for an energy graph and discussed its relevant ideas with the help of examples. Furthermore, the significance of using bipolar concepts over non-bipolar concepts is compared numerically. Finally, the application of energy, Laplacian energy, and signless Laplacian energy in BSVNG are demonstrated in selecting renewable energy sources, while optimal selection is suggested to illustrate the proposed method. This indicates the usefulness and practicality of this proposed approach in real life.
Social-Emotional Difficulties in Irish Children Aged Five and Nine Years: A National, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Swift Ann , McConkey Roy , Curry Philip , Iriarte Edurne Garcia
Published: July 2021

A small proportion of children experience social-emotional difficulties from early childhood onwards. Longitudinal studies with nationally representative samples are needed to identify the prevalence and the characteristics of children and families persistently experiencing these difficulties. Secondary analysis of data collected on over 7500 Irish children and with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as the primary indicator, found that 6% of children when they were five year olds and 8% when they were nine-years, had above threshold scores that warranted further investigation. A smaller proportion—2.9% had elevated scores at both ages. Logistic regression analyses found that children with one or more developmental disabilities were up to six times more likely to have sustained difficulties. There were also significant associations with the lower education attainment of primary caregivers and the socio-economic deprivation of families. Primary caregivers and teachers reported higher conflict in their relationships with these children. Although the number of Irish children presenting with continuing social-emotional difficulties is small, they can present an ongoing and future societal cost in terms of the impact on family relations and demands placed on educational, health and social services. This study identified the children and families who are at greatest risk and for whom targeted early intervention services could be provided.
Creating a Pediatric Prehospital Destination Decision Tool Using a Modified Delphi Method
Authors: Anders Jennifer F. , Fishe Jennifer N. , Fratta Kyle A. , Katznelson Jessica H. , Levy Matthew J. , Lichenstein Richard , Milin Michael G. , Simpson Joelle N. , Walls Theresa A. , Winger Heather L.
Published: July 2021

Decisions for patient transport by emergency medical services (EMS) are individualized; while established guidelines help direct adult patients to specialty hospitals, no such pediatric equivalents are in wide use. When children are transported to a hospital that cannot provide definitive care, care is delayed and may cause adverse events. Therefore, we created a novel evidence-based decision tool to support EMS destination choice. A multidisciplinary expert panel (EP) of stakeholders reviewed published literature. Four facility capability levels for pediatric care were defined. Using a modified Delphi method, the EP matched specific conditions to a facility pediatric-capability level in a draft tool. The literature review and EP recommendations identified seventeen pediatric medical conditions at risk for secondary transport. In the first voting round, two were rejected, nine met consensus for a specific facility capability level, and six did not reach consensus on the destination facility level. A second round reached consensus on a facility level for the six conditions as well as revision of one previously rejected condition. In the third round, the panel selected a visual display format. Finally, the panel unanimously approved the PDTree. Using a modified Delphi technique, we developed the PDTree EMS destination decision tool by incorporating existing evidence and the expertise of a multidisciplinary panel.
Simulations of Ozone Feedback Effects on the Equatorial Quasi-Biennial Oscillation with a Chemistry–Climate Model
Authors: Shibata Kiyotaka
Published: July 2021

Ozone feedback effects on the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) were investigated with a chemistry–climate model (CCM) by modifying ozone abundance in the radiative process. Under a standard run for 50 years, the CCM could realistically reproduce the QBO of about a 28-month period for wind and ozone. Five experiment runs were made for 20 years through varying ozone abundance only in the equatorial stratosphere from 100 to 10 hPa by −40, −20, −10, +10, and +20%, respectively, after the chemistry module and transferring the resultant ozone to the radiation calculation. It was found that the modification of ozone abundance in the radiation substantially changed the period of the QBO but slightly influenced the amplitude of the QBO. The 10% and 20% increase runs led to longer QBO periods (31 and 34 months) than that of the standard run, i.e., lengthening by 3 and 6 months, while the 10%, 20%, and 40% decrease runs resulted in shorter periods (24, 22, and 17 months), i.e., shortening by 4, 6, and 11 months. These substantial changes in the QBO period in the experiment runs indicate that the ozone feedback significantly affects the QBO dynamics through the modulation in solar heating.
Identification of Red Pigments Produced by Cheese-Ripening Bacterial Strains of Glutamicibacter arilaitensis Using HPLC
Authors: Sutthiwong Nuthathai , Sukdee Piyada , Lekhavat Supaporn , Dufossé Laurent
Published: July 2021

Glutamicibacter arilaitensis is one of the predominant bacterial species involved in the coloration of cheese rinds, especially smear-ripened cheeses. Besides well-known yellow-pigmented carotenoids, this species exhibits an ability to produce red pigments, as the occurrence of pink/red formation was previously found when co-cultured with a fungal strain. In this work, the red pigments synthesized by G. arilaitensis strains grown on cheese-based (curd) solid medium deacidified using Debaryomyces hansenii were identified. The analyses using HPLC equipped with both fluorescence and diode array detectors were performed to characterize the pigments extracted from a dry matter of the medium inoculated with either G. arilaitensis Re117, Po102, or Stp101. Based on the UV–vis absorption spectra, the elution order, and fluorescent property, compared to those of the porphyrin standards, eight metal-free porphyrins, including UPI, UPIII, 7PI, 6PI, 5PI, CPI, CPIII, and MPIX, were indicated as components of the red pigments produced by these G. arilaitensis strains. However, following the chromatographic profiles, the degree of porphyrins formed by each strain was apparently different. Regardless of precise quantitative measurement, the type strains Re117 and Po102 manifested a potential to produce a high amount of CPIII, whereas MPIX was formed by the strains Po102 and Stp101, but exceptionally high by the strain Stp101. The variation in both yield and form of the red pigments synthesized by the cheese-related bacterial G. arilaitensis has not previously been reported; therefore, our results provide the first information on these aspects.
Experimental Study on Flow Behavior of Unshrouded Impeller Centrifugal Pumps under Inlet Air Entrainment Condition
Authors: Liao Minquan , Si Qiaorui , Fan Meng , Wang Peng , Liu Zhonghai , Yuan Shouqi , Cui Qianglei , Bois Gérard
Published: July 2021

Results on overall pump head and efficiency performance, pressure pulsation and high speed camera visualization of flow patterns behavior are presented for different inlet air-water void fractions at a given rotational speed. With the increase of inlet void fractions and decrease of the flow rates, the size of bubbles increase and tend to agglomerate in specific impeller passage locations along the blade chord. The starting point of pump breakdown is related to a strong inward reverse flow occurring in a specific location near the shroud gap of the impeller and volute tongue region. Using a constant air void fraction value of 2%, pressure pulsation frequency results are analyzed in relation with local flow mixture patterns and flow rate modification.
Oesophageal pH-Impedance for the Diagnosis of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease: Validation of General Population Reference Values in Children with Chronic Neurological Impairments
Authors: Plocek Anna , Gębora-Kowalska Beata , Fendler Wojciech , Toporowska-Kowalska Ewa
Published: July 2021

Diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) in children with chronic neurological impairment (NI) remains a clinical challenge. The study aimed to validate the relevance of the reference values used to assess gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in children with NI and to determine the optimal cut-off level of the pH-impedance parameter with the best predictive value for outcomes associated with endoscopic assessments of the oesophagus. Sixty-seven children (32 male, 35 female; age: interquartile range, 5 years 6 months–14 years 10 months; median, 11 years 3 months) with NI were prospectively recruited for the study. The exclusion criteria were previous fundoplication and lack of consent for the study. All patients underwent evaluations for GOR disease, including pH-impedance and gastroscopy. Based on endoscopy, oesophagitis was diagnosed in 22/67 children (32.8%); 9/67 (13.4%) were classified as having Hetzel–Dent grade III or IV. GOR was present in 18/67 children (26.9%), as determined by pH-impedance. Patients with endoscopic lesions had a significantly higher number of total reflux (p = 0.0404) and acidic episodes (p = 0.0219). The total number of reflux episodes, with a cut-off level of 44 episodes, was the pH-impedance parameter most strongly predictive of the presence of lesions in gastroscopy (specificity: 50%, sensitivity: 73%). These findings suggest that endoscopic lesions may be present in children with chronic NI with a low number of GOR episodes, as recorded by pH-impedance. The use of standardised reference norms determined for the general population may underestimate GOR episodes in this group of patients.
In Situ High-Pressure Synthesis of New Outstanding Light-Element Materials under Industrial P-T Range
Authors: Le Godec Yann , Courac Alexandre
Published: July 2021

High-pressure synthesis (which refers to pressure synthesis in the range of 1 to several GPa) adds a promising additional dimension for exploration of compounds that are inaccessible to traditional chemical methods and can lead to new industrially outstanding materials. It is nowadays a vast exciting field of industrial and academic research opening up new frontiers. In this context, an emerging and important methodology for the rapid exploration of composition-pressure-temperature-time space is the in situ method by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. This review introduces the latest advances of high-pressure devices that are adapted to X-ray diffraction in synchrotrons. It focuses particularly on the “large volume” presses (able to compress the volume above several mm3 to pressure higher than several GPa) designed for in situ exploration and that are suitable for discovering and scaling the stable or metastable compounds under “traditional” industrial pressure range (3–8 GPa). We illustrated the power of such methodology by (i) two classical examples of “reference” superhard high-pressure materials, diamond and cubic boron nitride c-BN; and (ii) recent successful in situ high-pressure syntheses of light-element compounds that allowed expanding the domain of possible application high-pressure materials toward solar optoelectronic and infra-red photonics. Finally, in the last section, we summarize some perspectives regarding the current challenges and future directions in which the field of in situ high-pressure synthesis in industrial pressure scale may have great breakthroughs in the next years.
Research on Regional Differences of the Leisure Agriculture’s Impact on Farmers’ Income—An Empirical Analysis Based on Nonlinear Threshold Regression
Authors: Lu Yawen , Li Binbin
Published: July 2021

As a large agricultural country and a populous country, the development of agricultural and rural areas is the foundation for China to realize a national rejuvenation. Leisure agriculture is the main carrier of industry integration in China’s rural areas and it is an effective means to realize rural revitalization and increase farmers’ income. Industry convergence refers to a dynamic development process in which different industries or different areas of the same industry penetrate and intersect each other and finally merge into one, gradually forming a new industry. However, there is no empirical study on the staged impact of rural agriculture on rural household income and regional differences. This article breaks down the action mechanisms, analyzes the linear impact of leisure agriculture on the income of farmers and divides the development types of leisure agriculture according to the characteristics of leisure agriculture development. Using the provincial panel data from 2008 to 2016, the panel dual-threshold regression model was used to verify the regional differences in the impact of leisure agriculture on farmers’ income, from the perspective of leisure agriculture on farmers’ nominal and actual incomes. Then, the robustness model was used to test leisure agriculture’s impact on farmers’ income. The results show that the impact of leisure agriculture on the income of farmers is staged. Among them, the impact of leisure agriculture on the nominal income of farmers is an “inverted U-shaped” structure and the impact on actual income is an “N-type” structure. At the same time, the paper also finds that the regional differences in the impact of leisure agriculture on farmers’ income are significant and the constraints on the development of leisure agriculture in different regions are different. Based on this, it is proposed that the government should respond to the different development stages of leisure agriculture according to the time, and according to the different development areas of leisure agriculture. Responses should also be based on local conditions, and work to strengthen the participation of farmers.
Near Miss Archive: A Challenge to Share Knowledge among Inspectors and Improve Seveso Inspections
Authors: Ansaldi Silvia Maria , Agnello Patrizia , Pirone Annalisa , Vallerotonda Maria Rosaria
Published: July 2021

In European Seveso Legislation for the control of the hazard of major accidents (Directive 2015/12/UE), the Safety Management System SMS is an essential obligation for managers and the authorities are required to periodically verify its adequateness through periodical inspections at Seveso sites. One of the pillars of the SMS is the collection and analysis of documents on accidents, near misses, and possible anomalies, in order to identify weaknesses and implement continuous improvement. In Italy, for a few years, the documents, gathered from all Italian Seveso sites by the inspectors, have been archived and used for research purposes. The archive currently contains some 4000 reports, collected in 5 years by some 100 inspectors throughout Italy. This paper discusses in detail the challenges faced to extract the knowledge hidden in the documents and make it usable through the design of a robust model. For this aim, machine learning techniques have been used for preprocessing of the reports for extracting the concepts and their relations, organized into an entity-relation model. The effectiveness of this methodology and its potentiality are pointed out by investigating a few hot topics, exploiting the information contained in the repository.
Some Symmetry Identities for Carlitz’s Type Degenerate Twisted (p,q)-Euler Polynomials Related to Alternating Twisted (p,q)-Sums
Authors: Ryoo Cheon-Seoung
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we define a new form of Carlitz’s type degenerate twisted (p,q)-Euler numbers and polynomials by generalizing the degenerate Euler numbers and polynomials, Carlitz’s type degenerate q-Euler numbers and polynomials. Some interesting identities, explicit formulas, symmetric properties, a connection with Carlitz’s type degenerate twisted (p,q)-Euler numbers and polynomials are obtained. Finally, we investigate the zeros of the Carlitz’s type degenerate twisted (p,q)-Euler polynomials by using computer.
The Apparent Behavior of Electron Density during an Alternating O/X-Mode Heating Experiment
Authors: Li Zeyun , Li Qingfeng , Fang Hanxian , Gong Hongwei
Published: July 2021

We present the observations of the artificial ionospheric modification experiment of EISCAT on 18 October 2012 in Tromsø, Norway. When the pump of alternating O mode and X mode is switched on, the UHF radar observation shows some strong enhancements in electron density, ion lines and plasma lines. Based on some existing theories, we find the following: First, during the experiment, the frequency of plasma line (fL), ion line (fia) and pump (fh) matches fL = fh − 3fia and = fh − 5fia occasionally demonstrated that the cascade process occurred. Second, through quantitative calculation, we found that the O-mode component mixed in X-mode wave satisfies the thresholds of the parametric decay instability and the oscillation two-stream instability, from which we infer that the HF-induced plasma lines (HFPLs) and HF-enhanced ion lines (HFILs) observed in X-mode pulse could have been caused by the O-mode component mixed in X-mode wave. Third, the UHF radar observation shows some apparent enhancements over a wide altitude range (from approximately the reflection altitude to ~670 km) in electron density during X-mode pulse, which also does not, in fact, correspond to a true increase in electron density, but due to the enhancement in ion line or the enhancement in radar backscatter induced by some unknown mechanism.
The development and implementation of programs for the use and protection of agricultural lands in the regional projects for the development of agriculture and agricultural clusters, and state regulation of agricultural lands fertility
Authors: Alakoz V.V.
Published: July 2021

Land legislation - the Land Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law " Land Management", the Federal Law "Turnover of Agricultural Lands", the Federal Law "State Regulation of Agricultural Lands Fertility" proclaimed the obligation of state authorities, local governments, legal entities and individuals realize their activities with preservation of land as the most important component of the environment and a natural resource, and carry out measures for the reproduction of the fertility of agricultural lands. There are proclamations, but no effective economic, administrative mechanisms and institutions of enforcement to save productive land and soil fertility. Regulations for the environmentally safe use of separately cultivated plots of arable land, contours of hayfields and pastures with spatial identification of the boundaries of their action on the map for land management have not been established – we can see negative impacts of excessive cultivation of arable land. The proposed measures to ensure the fertility of agricultural lands are aimed not at land use with soil-saving agricultural technologies in the process of agricultural activities when growing crops (in accordance with the established regulations), but at restoration of soil fertility after depletion of agricultural land use through reclamation and other measures for agrochemical services. This article proposes to restore the compulsory land management activities in case of identification of lands with water and wind erosion and other negative impacts with the development of regulations for environmentally safe agricultural land use for each field or part of it, the contour of hayfields and pastures exposed to negative impacts of anthropogenic or natural load. It is easier to prevent than to cure.
Some issues of planning and development of settlements in the Russian Federation at the present stage
Authors: Burov M.P.
Published: July 2021

The article describes the basic principles of planning and development of urban and rural settlements in the Russian Federation. The authors paid special attention to the functioning of a rural settlement, which should not be considered in isolation from production, but in its composition and in connection with its main means of production - land. The paper contains a brief analysis on improving the complex infrastructure by example of Moscow and Russian regions and proposes the measures to create an effective planning and administration system for the Russian economy.
Problems of illegal construction of real estate objects on the example of Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Kovalyova E.V. , Vagurin I.Yu. , Kuzmina O.S.
Published: July 2021

At present, the unauthorized occupation of land plots without a building permit, unauthorized seizure or non-compliance with the parameters of the permitted use of land in a number of regions of the country has the most significant problems in the land management system. The research presented in the article clearly shows the types of violations in the field of land legislation in the field of registered cases of unauthorized objects on the example of municipalities of the Krasnodar Territory. The ways of solving the problem of preventing and suppressing the facts of unauthorized construction are proposed.
Situations Arising in the Administration of Justice and Requiring the Application of Special Knowledge from the Sphere of Land Management
Authors: Salov S.M. , Seryogina E.V. , Fatkulina A.V. , Samoylenko D.V.
Published: July 2021

The article identifies topical problems of the quality of forensic land surveys. The main attention is paid to the importance of special knowledge in the field of land management for the consideration of judicial dispute at the present time. The direction of development of the theoretical and methodological foundations of forensic land management expertise is indicated. Cases of the need for various types of legal proceedings in special land management knowledges are generalized.
The general theory of cartography
Authors: Lebedev P.P.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the preconditions, basic concepts and provisions of the general theory of classical and digital cartography.
The basics of territory organization
Authors: Spektor M.D. , Garkushina V.V.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the dependence of the economy of agricultural formations on the organization of the land use territory as well as the assessment of changes in the structure of the territory, not only in connection with market conditions, but also with the shape of land parcel.
The problems of sustainable development of country areas in modern conditions
Authors: Sagaydak A.A. Sagaydak A.A. , Seljanskij M.S.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the issues of socio-economic development and assessment of socio-economic indicators of country areas in the period of application of the Federal target program "Sustainable development of country areas in 2014-2017 and up to 2020". The measures provided by the state program of the Russian Federation "Integrated development of country areas" are considered and evaluated in this paper as well.
Modern software for statistical analysis of cadastral data
Authors: Yarotskaya E.V. , Yurchenko K.A.
Published: July 2021

The features of modern software used for statistical analysis of cadastral data are presented in this paper. The work contains the examples of building models and solving practical problems in the analysis of cadastral information. It is concluded that the cadastral data are very complex and dynamically changeable, and the use of modern programs increases the quality, accuracy and reliability of the cadastral information.
The analysis of geodata interpretation in digital maps “MapInfo”
Authors: Lebedev P.P. , Skorobogatova U.E. , Maleva M.L.
Published: July 2021

The article proposes to consider a comparison of the methods of displaying information on analog thematic maps and the capabilities of Mapinfo software in the design of digital maps. The analysis of the GIS Mapinfo capability to fully replace the classical ways of displaying information on thematic maps has been carried out in this research.
ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC AND THERMAL FIELDS IN THE WORKING GAP OF THE INDUCTOR FOR HEATING METAL PRODUCTS IN A TRANSVERSE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: KACHANOV A.N. , KACHANOV N.A. , KOROLEVA T.G. , ALYOKHINA A.S.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the nature of the distribution of the main parameters of the electromagnetic field in the working gap of the inductor for heating magnetic and non-magnetic materials in a transverse magnetic field performed by the analytical method and using computer simulation in the ELCUT software environment. The results obtained can be useful for specialists, both in the design of induction devices for heating flat magnetic and non-magnetic materials in a transverse electromagnetic field, taking into account the change in their electrophysical properties, and during the operation of installations for diagnosing the quality of electromagnetic and thermal fields.
USE OF GROOVED SURFACES TO IMPROVE HYDRODYNAMIC, CAVITATION AND ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WINGS AND ELEMENTS OF VANE PROPULSION SYSTEMS (REVIEW)
Authors: SUKHORUKOV A.L.
Published: July 2021

The paper reviews the use of grooved surfaces and sawtooth (chevron) edges to control the flow parameters of the wings, propeller blades and elements of vane propulsion systems operating in both gaseous and liquid media. Particular attention is paid to the physical mechanisms of improving the hydrodynamic, cavitation and acoustic characteristics under the influence of a grooved surface. These mechanisms are associated with a change in the flow structure in the region of the laminar-turbulent transition, the peculiarities of the occurrence of cavitation and acoustic radiation in the region of the outgoing edges. The results of the verification of computational models describing the behavior of the flow taking into account the laminar-turbulent transition, the use of which is necessary for studying flows near a grooved surface, are presented.
DEVELOPMENT OF A ROLLER WRAPPING MODEL IN DEFORM-3D
Authors: ZVYAGINA E.A. , MALTSEV A.Yu. , DANILCHENKO S.G. , PETRUKHIN A.V. , TITOV D.I.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses a plastic model of the deformation of the workpiece material in the DEFORM-3D system. A qualitatively new model of the process of rolling shells by rollers has been obtained, suitable for both scientific analysis and research, and for engineering calculations. The developed model can serve as an effective tool for choosing rational values of technological and design-technological factors for rolling the shells with rollers.