bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COUNTERMEASURE AGAINST INTERNATIONAL DRUG CRIMES IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Siringoringo Poltak
Published: June 2020

Circulation and use of narcotics and illegal drugs are massive crimes and can be categorized as "extraordinary crime" and become common enemies of this nation and even other nations in the world. Campaign and the formation of public opinion about the dangers of drugs must be done massively on all layers of society. This is part of the handling of drug crimes in Indonesia. Communities must be given a proper understanding of the negative effects of drugs both for users/users, dealers, who produce and store. This understanding starts from several phases namely what is the phase of drug prevention in society? What is the phase if it is already using drugs and putting drug users as victims? what is the phase of law enforcement against drug crimes? These phases must be campaigned on a massive scale so that people understand that things related to drugs have more negative impacts than positive effects. Collaboration with the international community in dealing with the dangers of drugs must also be carried out because drug trafficking networks to enter Indonesia cannot be separated through inter-state lines. Countries in the world must have the same perception and understanding that narcotics are a serious crime and need to be taken seriously by law enforcement agencies between countries.
Trump Administration Begins to Recognize the Loss of Scientific Integrity: Refuting a Political Hitjob
Authors: Herndon J. Marvin
Published: June 2020

A recent PLOSONE article utilized tabulations of opinions obtained from federal scientists to assert “perceived losses of scientific integrity under the Trump Administration.” The article presupposes the wide-spread existence of scientific integrity among federal scientists, which I refute based upon documented 40+ years’ experience making fundamental scientific discoveries which the scientific establishment systematically ignores and in instances has attempted to suppress. These discoveries include, but are not limited to: Earth’s nickel-silicide inner-core composition, the physical impossibility of both mantle convection and Earth-core convection; recognition that Earth’s early formation as a Jupiter-like gas giant makes it possible to derive virtually all geological and geodynamic behavior of our planet, including origin of continents and oceans, ocean floor topography, origin of mountains characterized by folding, primary initiation of fjords and submarine canyons, and two previously unanticipated potentially variable energy sources - nuclear fission and stored energy of protoplanetary compression; nuclear-fission-reactor origin of planetary magnetic fields, including the geomagnetic field; thermonuclear ignition of stars and the reason why the multitude of galaxies display just a few patterns of luminous stars; and, particulate pollution, not greenhouse gases, as the main cause of local and global warming. A scientific community, apparently suffering from Integrity Deficit Syndrome, cannot be expected to provide a truthful assessment, especially when queried about the actions of a president who might change the science landscape under which they flourish.
A Comparative Analysis of JOURNEY Metaphors in Marketing English
Authors: Wang Jinxiao
Published: June 2020

Metaphor is a powerful cognitive tool that can help to transmit marketing concept, and form effective marketing strategies. The conceptual metaphor of MARKETING IS JOURNEY has been viewed as a significant deep metaphor in the field of marketing all along. Based on five authoritative marketing textbooks and research articles of three high influencing factor journals in 2016, this paper builds a corpus of three million words. By virtue of previous studies, the author makes a check-list, and intends to explore the usage of JOURNEY metaphors in marketing English with the help of “Metaphor Identification Process (MIP)” (Steen at al. 2010) from the perspective of Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The results show that: (1) the productivity of CMTB is 64,209, which is much higher than that of CMJA, 32,184; (2) Themes of obstacles & facilitators, directions of journey, uphill & downhill, as well as fast & slow progress of journey are widely employed in marketing English, with marketing research articles laying more focus on the theme of directions of journey than textbooks; (3) similarities and differences between them can be explained by the contextual factors of field, tenor, and mode. Further implications includes that it can help to appeal to further revision of established marketing textbooks, for that the most cutting-edge metaphorical expressions, e.g., “memory block”, should be included in textbooks for better catching up with the latest development in the field of marketing.
Mr. Significance of Social Capital in Community Resilience and Performance of Food Security Project in Loima Sub-County, Turkana County, Kenya
Authors: Ekiru Mark , Mulwa Dr. Angeline Sabina , Kyalo Prof. Dorothy Ndunge
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the influence of social capital on performance of food security projects in pastoral livelihood system. This study used semi-structured questionnaires, interview guides and observation check lists to gather data and information. A total of 491 households were sampled across 11 sub-locations. The study findings showed that social capital has a positive influence (r² = 0.2055), however, the correlation varies depending on the type of social capital. This implied that social capital explained 20.55% of the variations in performance of food security projects while the other percentage (79.45%) is explained by other variables which were not included for this study. In terms of comparison, bridging had the strongest influence (r=0.496), followed by linking (r=0.142) then bonding (r=0.102). The overall F statistic of F = 37.12 (p=0.05) was statistically significant since at (p = 0.000 < 0.05) hence was suitable to analyze the relationship between social capital and performance of food security projects. The study found out that bonding and bridging social capital were strong while linking social capital was weak in the community. The study concluded that strong bonding and bridging social capital were limited to enhancing short term absorptive and to less extend adaptive capacity of community while the weak linking capital in the study area was associated with low external engagement coupled with lack of resources and increased number of poor people hence impending long-term resilience building to food insecurity.
Relevance of temperament traits in sexual fluidity in a sample of Spanish young university students
Authors: Negredo Adelia De Miguel
Published: June 2020

Assessing the relevance of temperament traits to predict sexual fluidity, taking into account gender and sexual orientation, was the main goal of this paper. Participants (435 Spanish young-adults students, 310 females and 125 males) completed an online questionnaire, which included measures of sexual fluidity, the short version of the Big Five Inventory, two factors of Sensation Seeking Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Analyses showed gender differences in sexual fluidity, anxiety and sensation seeking. Sexually fluid individuals also reported higher scores than no-sexually fluid individuals in these factors. Bisexual orientation, anxiety-trait and sensation seeking were good predictors of female sexual fluidity. Anxiety state was relevant to male sexual fluidity. We concluded that sexual fluidity can be related to emotional and biological personality traits, but it is not clear if the origin of this relationship is only biologically caused or depends on experience moderator effects. Again, the controversy nature-nurture is needed to be considered when assessing sexual fluidity across life-span.
SOCIAL MEDIA LEARNING PLATFORMS (SMLPs) AS A PERFORMANCE ENHANCER AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE STUDENTS.
Authors: Ajayi Peter Oladeji , Ajayi Folasayo
Published: June 2020

The study examined the effects of Social Media Learning Platforms (SMLPs) on secondary school students’ performance in Science in Nigeria. It also investigated the rate of use of social media for the purpose of education or otherwise among science students in Secondary schools in Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experimental of pre-test, post-test research design. The sample for the study was 80 Senior Secondary School two students, selected from two schools in Ondo state, South West, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the schools and classes for the study.  The choice of the sampling technique used was to ensure that the schools and classes selected have access to cell phones and internet facilities during school period and that the classes are science based. The instruments used for the study were Social Media Students Participation Rating Scale (SMSPRS), Social Media Students’ Performance Test in Science (SMSPTS), Social Media Students’ Questionnaire (SMSQ). Validity and Reliability of the instruments were ensured and determined. Data collated were analyzed using frequency count, mean, standard deviation and t-test. The outcome of the analysis revealed that 98% of the students’ sampled do not use social media for educative learning purposes but for entertainment and socialization. Students exposed to the use of social media platform with conventional teaching-learning method participated better in lessons  and performs better in the subject than their counterparts with no use of social media platform
Boko Haram and Nigeria’s National Security: Some Reflections from Historical-Constitutional Perspective
Authors: Ebeku Kaniye S. A.
Published: June 2020

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PREPAREDNESS FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT (DRM), CASE STUDIES: KELANTAN FLOOD, MALAYSIA
Authors: HASSAN MOHD SAYUTI , ABDUL JAFFAR MURSHIDAH , ABDULAMEER SHAHAD KHALDOON , MOHD RADZI SITI FAIRUZ , KANASAN VISHANTHINI
Published: June 2020

In accordance to the massive flash floods that hit Eastern part of Malaysia, which is mostly Kelantan state, a conference was held to explore ideas and sustainable solutions for the disaster. This paper describes one output of the five pillars of disaster management cycle that is “Preparedness” in Disaster Risk Management for Sustainable Development (DRM-SD) model, which was developed by Centre for Global Sustainability Studies (CGSS) Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The purpose is to come out with possible solutions and steps to be taken to mitigate the flood disaster while preparing for any possibilities. The method used for the conference is The Town Hall-World Café concept. Over 225 possible solutions are produced in two days in which the conference is conducted. Included in this paper are the recommendations that were found and the organizations which are responsible for the act.
Price and output effects of Monetary policy in Low Income Countries: The Case of Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Nanda Kumar , Timsina Mitra Prasad
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the impact of monetary policy on economic growth and inflation in Nepal. The impact on economic growth and inflation have been observed using monetary policy instruments/indicators such as CRR, bank rate, interbank rate, M1, M2, private sector credit based on quarterly data from first quarter of 2006 to fourth quarter of 2018. The impact on economic growth and inflation rate has been examined separately. The econometric methods like ADF test, ARDL Model, Bound Test, Error Correction Model, Residual Test and Stability test have been used in the study. The empirical results show that economic growth and inflation are influenced by monetary policy. CRR, bank rate, broad money and private sector credit are significant to have impact on economic growth. Likewise, money supply (M1 and M2) has impact on inflation. The result shows that it takes longer time to have impact of broad money and private sector credit on economic growth than on inflation.
Validation of the analytical performance of the NOVEOS™ System, a system which improves upon the third-generation in vitro allergy testing technology
Authors: Bauersachs Daniel , Potapova Ekaterina , Renz Harald , Benes Stephanie Hagner , Matricardi Paolo Maria , Skevaki Chrysanthi
Published: June 2020

Objectives

Detection of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) is important for the diagnosis of allergy. IgE sensitization is commonly demonstrated in vivo by skin prick testing (SPT), or in vitro utilizing automated systems. Recently, HYCOR® Biomedical launched its new system for allergen sIgE testing called the NOVEOS™ Immunoanalyzer. This study aims to evaluate the analytical performance of the NOVEOS system in a bi-center study at Philipps-University Marburg (Site-1) and Charité Medical University Berlin (Site-2), respectively.

Methods

The analytical performance was evaluated based on the guidelines I/LA20-A3, EP5-A3, EP17-A2, EP6-A, EP7-A3, and EP9-A3 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).

Results

The conducted repeatability and within-laboratory precision tests provided acceptable performance with 3.0%–11.9% coefficient of variation across both sites. The limit of blank (LoB) and limit of detection (LoD) were <0.1 kU/L at both centers. A within-parameter linearity for all tested allergens was reported at both sites. Of note, no significant interference was observed for high levels of biotin, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine, omalizumab, or ranitidine. Method comparison between the NOVEOS calibration and the latest World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard showed good agreement at both sites.

Conclusions

The results from the analytical performance of the NOVEOS allergen sIgE assay and instrument testing at both sites were comparable. Overall, a good precision and linearity as well as a detection limit <0.1 kU/L were observed, with minimal impact of common interfering substances on patient recoveries. The NOVEOS is calibrated to the latest WHO reference standard and adds benefits like a small sample size and para-magnetic microparticles that improve upon third-generation allergen sIgE assays’ design and performance.
Popular water pipe smoking, medical sciences students' awareness, perceptions, and motivations
Authors: Salehi Leili
Published: June 2020

Objectives

This study was done to investigate popularity, awareness, perceptions, and motivations regarding water pipe smoking (WPS) among medical sciences students in 2017.

Methods

This cross sectional study was done among 385 medical sciences student in 2017.The systematic random sampling was used to recruit subjects. Multidimensional questionnaire (demographic characteristics, awareness, perceptions, action, and water pipe motivators) was used. t-test, ANOVA, X2, and logistic regression was used to analyze the data by SPSS.

Results

The mean ages of participants were 22 ± 2.64 and 89% were male. The majority of the study sample was from health school. Most participants reported having smoked before. Family entertainment was found to be the most common motivator for WPS. The second one was to be fun. WPS use was significantly associated with age (odds ratio [OR], 0.17; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.04–0.61); awareness (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.35–1.78); and perception (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65–0.78).

Conclusions

Results show that WPS is very popular among Iranian youth. In designing public health programs, policy makers should consider the motivators for inclination to WPS. Intervention should focus on addressing students' perception and awareness regarding WPS.
Gender-based differences in risk-taking behaviors among high school students in Southeast Iran
Authors: Bahramnejad Ali , Iranpour Abedin , Nakhaee Nouzar
Published: June 2020

Objectives

Risk-taking behaviors among adolescents can negatively affect different dimensions of their health. This study was conducted to identify the gender-based differences in risk-taking behaviors among high school students in a Muslim population.

Methods

Grade 10 students studying in high schools located in Kerman Province, Iran were enrolled through cluster sampling (n=2,676), and data were collected using a well-validated questionnaire about violence, sexual behaviors, and traffic-related conduct over the past 12 months. The tool also consisted questions regarding drug use over the past 30 days and over lifetime (i. e., current and ever use of drugs, respectively)

Results

The number of female participants was 1,407 (52.6%). The boys who had girlfriends (33.0%) were almost twice as many as the girls who had boyfriends (17.1%). Among the respondents, 27.8 and 12.0% of the boys and girls engaged in physical fighting, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of water pipe use in the last 30 days (18.7%) and over lifetime (43.5%) was higher than that of the consumption of other substances. The second and third most popular substances used in the past 30 days among boys and girls were alcohol and cigarettes and cigarettes and alcohol, respectively. On the whole, marijuana figured in the lowest lifetime use among the respondents.

Conclusions

The rate of risk-taking behaviors in female students was lower than in males, and this difference was more evident than in Western countries. This discrepancy seems to be more obvious in cases where the religious prohibition of a behavior is greater such as extramarital intimacy.
Experience of sexual and gender minority youth when accessing health care in Turkey
Authors: Apalı Özge Ceren , Baba İkra , Bayrakcı Fatma , Değerli Deniz , Erden Arda , Peker M. Sacit , Perk Fatma Gül , Sipahi İrem Sibel , Şenoğlu Ezgi , Yılmaz Salih , Zengin Nur Yıldız , Akgül Sinem
Published: June 2020

Objectives

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) patients report alarming rates of identity-based discrimination in healthcare settings. Despite the health risks and challenges impacting LGBTQ young adults, little is known about their healthcare experience, especially in Turkey. This study aimed to increase the knowledge base on LGBTQ young individuals’ experiences when accessing health care in an attempt to address the myriad of health disparities they might face.

Methods

Participants were recruited from the division of Adolescent Medicine at Hacettepe University, and also from an LGBTQ support group. Participants’ responded to open-ended items asking about their experiences in the healthcare setting, in particular to any case of discrimination and reasons for non-disclosure of gender identity/orientation.

Results

A total of 24 LGBTQ youth completed the interview, mean age 21.1 years. Overall participants reported alarming rates of identity-discrimination and non-disclosure when accessing health care. Additionally, participants reported high rates of postponing care as they felt they would be subjected to LGBTQ-based discrimination. Furthermore results suggest that transgender individuals face additional healthcare challenges compared with their LGB and cisgender counterparts.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge this is the first study in Turkey to evaluate the experiences of LGBTQ youth accessing medical care. This study shows that similar to barriers observed in previous studies on LGBTQ individuals, discrimination when accessing healthcare is a serious problem. Increasing knowledge concerning the discrimination LGBTQ people face when accessing healthcare is essential to decreasing healthcare disparities.
Intentional learning: a student-centered pedagogy
Authors: Mollman Sarah , Bondmass Mary D.
Published: June 2020

Objective

The objective was to test the assumption that characteristics of intentional learning are not fixed and if an interview assignment enhanced intentional learning.

Methods

In order to meet the needs of practice, nursing educators have trialed student-centered pedagogies, often with resistance from students. Intentional learning appears to mirror the characteristics, such as autonomy, responsibility of one’s own learning, self-regulation, and motivation, needed by students to be successful in student-centered pedagogies. Intentional learning had not been studied in nursing. A quasi-experimental pre/post-test design was used to test intentional learning in nursing students (N=92).

Results

While the interview assignment did not enhance intentional learning scores, intentional learning scores did significantly increase over the semester (p=0.039).

Conclusion

Intentional learning scores did increase, showing that students move along the intentional learning continuum depending on their learning experiences. Future research should include testing teaching strategies that foster intentional learning.
The expression of change-of-state in the Finnic languages
Authors: Norvik Miina
Published: June 2020

The present article studies verbs that are used to conveychange-of-statein the Finnic languages: “to come”, “to go”, “to remain/stay”, “to get”, “will be”, “to make/do”, and “to be born/give birth”. These are polysemous core verbs, which can be expected to be integrated in constructions with (new) generalized grammatical meaning. As will be shown, in order to conveychange-of-statetypically they occur in constructions that either mark the goal and the source or leave both unmarked. In addition, change can be associated with experiential, existential, and possessive constructions, which also enable to shed more light on the development of the above-mentioned verbs, including the possible developmentchange-of-state→future. The article demonstrates that each Finnic language uses several verbs from the list presented above, but there are differences in what are the most commonly used ones and in what kind of constructions they occur. In some languages, there is a generalchange-of-stateverb, which also appears as a future copula if there is no competing future copula. In the case of Estonian, Finnish, and Livonian, the results of previous studies onchange-of-statepredicates were used; for the other Finnic languages, a separate data set was compiled using various collections of texts.
Insulin autoimmune syndrome
Authors: Yukina Marina , Nuralieva Nurana , Solovyev Maksim , Troshina Ekaterina , Vasilyev Evgeny
Published: June 2020

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (Hirata’s disease) is a disorder caused by development of autoantibodies to insulin and manifested by hypoglycaemic syndrome. The overwhelming majority of physicians do not include it in the differential diagnosis of hypoglycaemic states because of a misconception of an extremely low prevalence of this condition. This results in unnecessary drug therapy and unjustified surgical interventions in patients that otherwise would be successfully treated conservatively. This disease is strongly associated with certain alleles of the HLA gene. In most cases, this condition develops in predisposed individuals taking drugs containing sulfhydryl groups. Formation of autoantibodies to insulin may be observed in patients with other autoimmune disorders, as well as in those with multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. This paper presents the first Russian case report of insulin autoimmune syndrome in an adult patient.

Learning points:

Insulin autoimmune syndrome, Hirata’s disease, anti-insulin antibodies, and hypoglycaemia.
Pituitary apoplexy induced by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist administration: a rare complication of prostate cancer treatment
Authors: Barbosa Mariana , Paredes Sílvia , Machado Maria João , Almeida Rui , Marques Olinda
Published: June 2020

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, currently used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, have been described as a rare cause of pituitary apoplexy, a potentially life-threatening clinical condition. We report the case of a 69-year-old man with a known pituitary macroadenoma who was diagnosed with prostate cancer and started treatment with GnRH agonist leuprorelin (other hormones were not tested before treatment). Few minutes after drug administration, the patient presented with acute-onset severe headache, followed by left eye ptosis, diplopia and vomiting. Pituitary MRI revealed tumor enlargement and T1-hyperintense signal, compatible with recent bleeding sellar content. Laboratory endocrine workup was significant for low total testosterone. The patient was managed conservatively with high-dose steroids, and symptoms significantly improved. This case describes a rare phenomenon, pituitary apoplexy induced by GnRH agonist. We review the literature regarding this condition: the pathophysiological mechanism involved is not clearly established and several hypotheses have been proposed. Although uncommon, healthcare professionals and patients should be aware of this complication and recognize the signs, preventing a delay in diagnosis and treatment.

Learning points:

Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a potentially life-threatening complication that can be caused by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) administration for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

This complication is rare but should be taken into account when using GnRHa, particularly in the setting of a known pre-existing pituitary adenoma.

PA presents with classic clinical signs and symptoms that should be promptly recognized.

Patients should be instructed to seek medical care if suspicious symptoms occur.

Healthcare professionals should be aware of this complication, enabling its early recognition, adequate treatment and favorable outcome.
When primary hyperparathyroidism comes as good news
Authors: Gallo Daniela , Rosetti Sara , Marcon Ilaria , Armiraglio Elisabetta , Parafioriti Antonina , Pinotti Graziella , Perrucchini Giuseppe , Patera Bohdan , Gentile Linda , Tanda Maria Laura , Bartalena Luigi , Piantanida Eliana
Published: June 2020

Brown tumors are osteoclastic, benign lesions characterized by fibrotic stroma, intense vascularization and multinucleated giant cells. They are the terminal expression of the bone remodelling process occurring in advanced hyperparathyroidism. Nowadays, due to earlier diagnosis, primary hyperparathyroidism keeps few of the classical manifestations and brown tumors are definitely unexpected. Thus, it may happen that they are misdiagnosed as primary or metastatic bone cancer. Besides bone imaging, endocrine evaluation including measurement of serum parathyroid hormone and calcium (Ca) levels supports the pathologist to address the diagnosis. Herein, a case of multiple large brown tumors misdiagnosed as a non-treatable osteosarcoma is described, with special regards to diagnostic work-up. After selective parathyroidectomy, treatment with denosumab was initiated and a regular follow-up was established. The central role of multidisciplinary approach involving pathologist, endocrinologist and oncologist in the diagnostic and therapeutic work-up is reported. In our opinion, the discussion of this case would be functional especially for clinicians and pathologists not used to the differential diagnosis in uncommon bone disorders.

Learning points:

Brown tumors develop during the remodelling process of bone in advanced and long-lasting primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Although rare, they should be considered during the challenging diagnostic work-up of giant cell lesions.

Coexistence of high parathyroid hormone levels and hypercalcemia in primary hyperparathyroidism is crucial for the diagnosis.

A detailed imaging study includes bone X-ray, bone scintiscan and total body CT; to rule out bone malignancy, evaluation of bone lesion biopsy should include immunostaining for neoplastic markers as H3G34W and Ki67 index.

If primary hyperparathyroidism is confirmed, selective parathyroidectomy is the first-line treatment.

In advanced bone disease, treatment with denosumab should be considered, ensuring a strict control of Ca levels.
ПІСЛЯ ПАНДЕМІЇ. ЕКОНОМІКА І ПОЛІТИКА У ПОСТПАНДЕМІЧНОМУ СВІТІ
Authors: КОЛОДКО Гжегож Вітольд
Published: June 2020

Пандемія коронавірусу, яка потрясла світ, ляже довгою тінню на багато років. Вона ставить перед людством неймовірні виклики, які збігаються з іншими негативними мегатенденціями і невирішеними економічними, соціальними та політичними проблемами. Величезні наслідки пандемії та втрати від неї –– людські, соціальні, економічні, фінансові –– повністю будуть оцінені тільки через певний час, тобто постфактум. Хтось не втратить нічого, інші втратять усе, іноді навіть життя.Неоднорідне постпандемічне майбутнє, в якому в умовах незворотної глобалізації взаємодіятимуть різні політичні та економічні системи, розвиватиметься багатьма шляхами, причому становище високорозвинутих країн послаблюватиметься. Напруження за лінією «США –– Китай» зростатиме, геополітика і геоекономіка змінюватимуться. Протистояння між демократією і авторитаризмом посилюватиметься, трансформуватиметься синергія ринку та держави. Особливо небезпечною буде альтернатива між двома боками однієї «фальшивої медалі»: між неоліберальним капіталізмом і капіталізмом популістським.Шанси на краще майбутнє можуть бути створені шляхом поступового переходу до Нового прагматизму. Це стратегія модерації економічної діяльності та потрійно –– економічно, соціально та екологічно –– сталого розвитку, що базується на основах інноваційної, неортодоксальної та цілісної економічної теорії. Пандемія є величезним викликом також і для суспільних наук, не тільки для економіки, тому що старий спосіб мислення часто виявляється безпорадним для аналізу та пояснення нових ситуацій.
НАДЛИШКОВА РОБОЧА СИЛА В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: МОРТІКОВ Віталій
Published: June 2020

Проведено аналіз утримування надлишкової робочої сили організацією з макроекономічної та управлінської точок зору. Показано, чому організація часто вирішує зберегти працівників за відсутності для них продуктивної зайнятості.Серед індикаторів надлишкової зайнятості використано: частину персоналу, яка вимушено перейшла на скорочений час роботи; частину персоналу, відправлену в адміністративні відпустки; різну динамику зайнятості й ВВП. Порівняння змін ВВП і зайнятості у 2006–2018 рр. в Україні дозволяє нам зафіксувати надлишкову робочу силу. Зайнятість повільно пристосовується до спадів: організації скорочують більше працівників у довгостроковій, ніж у короткостроковій перспективі.Існує декілька причин появи надлишкових працівників в організації: передбачуване зростання попиту; прогресивні організаційні, технологічні зміни. Збереження надлишкових робочих місць і працівників може бути також пояснено неекономічними причинами.Роботодавці часто утримуються від звільнення надлишкових співробітників через високі трансакційні витрати. Практика утримування надлишкових працівників під час негативних шоків дозволяє організаціям уникнути витрат наймання і навчання у випадку наступного поліпшення економічної ситуації. Уточнено відмінність витрат адаптування і витрат нерівноваги.На утворення надлишкової робочої сили значний вплив справляє внутріорганізаційна мобільність фахівців.Особливого значення набуває управління надлишковою робочою силою. Існують різні реакції на цей феномен: звільнення, переведення персоналу на скорочений робочий час, адміністративні відпустки, перенавчання, аутстаффінг, ранній вихід на пенсію. Менеджмент надлишкового персоналу включає кількісну і структурну оптимізацію цього персоналу протягом коротких і довгострокових періодів.
ПРОМИСЛОВІСТЬ УКРАЇНИ ПЕРЕД ВИКЛИКАМИ ІНДУСТРІЇ 4.0: ОЦІНКА ОБМЕЖЕНЬ І ЗАВДАННЯ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: КУШНІРЕНКО Оксана
Published: June 2020

На основі дослідження основних індикаторів, що характеризують внутрішні можливості промисловості України (динаміки науково-дослідної та інноваційної діяльності, високотехнологічного експорту, складових Глобального індексу конкурентоспроможності та Глобального інноваційного індексу), було визначено можливості й загрози для її інноваційних трансформацій у рамках Індустрії 4.0. Це дозволило обгрунтувати комплекс стимулюючих заходів для інноваційного оновлення промисловості України на рівні держави, бізнесу й суспільства.Виявлено ступінь готовності української промисловості до технологічних викликів Індустрії 4.0 та розроблено дієві заходи стимулювання інноваційних трансформацій в існуючих умовах. Досягненню цьому сприятимуть такі заходи: оцінка внутрішніх можливостей промисловості України для розвитку технологій в Індустрії 4.0; розробка пропозицій щодо вдосконалення механізмів інноваційного оновлення промисловості України з урахуванням глобальних зовнішніх і внутрішніх викликів.Використано загальнонаукові методи (абстрактно-логічний, індукції та дедукції, системного підходу; аналізу і синтезу), а також спеціальні методи дослідження: статистичних порівнянь, групування, вибірки (для ідентифікації ключових важелів ефективної трансформації виробничих систем під впливом цифрових технологій).Дослідження показали, що в умовах глобальних викликів, зокрема боротьби з пандемією короновірусу, для України, як і для всього світу, важливим є максимальне забезпечення здоров’я громадян при недопущенні економічної катастрофи. Вагому роль при цьому може відіграти українська промисловість, яка хоч і перебуває у складних умовах, має достатній підприємницький потенціал. Для його реалізації важливими є: створення ефективної системи державної підтримки, яка б передбачала збільшення обсягів витрат на науку і освіту; популяризація наукової діяльності; підвищення соціальної відповідальності виробників; посилення спроможності інституцій кібербезпеки; створення умов для підготовки кадрів з цифровими навичками; формування інноваційних екосистем у різних галузях економіки
РОЛЬ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ У ВСТАНОВЛЕННІ РИНКОВОЇ РІВНОВАГИ
Authors: ВАСИЛЬЄВ Олексій
Published: June 2020

Проаналізовано вплив механізмів прийняття рішень економічними агентами на встановлення рівноваги на ринку. Зокрема, розглядається проблема визначення рівноважної ціни за неповної інформації про товар і коли поведінка споживачів не є раціональною. Крім іншого, використовуються підходи, характерні для інституціональної економічної теорії.Запропоновано дві моделі встановлення рівноважної ціни на ринку товарів, на основі яких з’ясовано вплив механізмів прийняття рішень на параметри рівноваги. У першій моделі розглядаються два режими прийняття рішення ринковими агентами. В одному випадку агенти мають повну інформацію про товар, а в іншому для оцінки його якості використовують математичне сподівання для корисності товару, яка розглядається як випадкова величина з відомою функцією розподілу. Показано, що режим прийняття рішень якісно впливає на рівноважну ціну товару на ринку. Зокрема, у цьому випадку рівноважна ціна по-різному залежить від сукупного доходу економічних агентів.Друга модель описує цінову конкуренцію двох фірм, які пропонують на ринку ідентичні товари. У ній поведінка економічних агентів при прийнятті рішень моделюється як така, що є раціональною з певною ймовірністю. Показано, що за наявності агентів з таким типом обмежено-раціональної поведінки на ринку може існувати дві ціни на один і той самий товар. За таких обставин фірма, яка програє у ціновій конкуренції, не покидає ринок, а лише втрачає частину покупців.
Prenatal Antidepressant Use and Risk of Adverse Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Bandoli Gretchen , Chambers Christina D. , Wells Alan , Palmsten Kristin
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To estimate the risk of neonatal outcomes from patterns of prenatal antidepressant use.

METHODS:

From the OptumLabs Data Warehouse, 226 932 singleton deliveries were identified. Antidepressant claims with coverage between the last menstrual period and 35 weeks’ gestation were converted to fluoxetine equivalents, and a longitudinal cluster analysis was performed. Outcomes included major cardiac malformations (11.7 of 1000 births), preterm birth (75.7 of 1000 births), and newborn respiratory distress (54.2 of 1000 births). The lowest trajectory was the primary reference group, and depression and anxiety with no antidepressant claims served as secondary reference groups.

RESULTS:

From 15 041 (6.6%) pregnancies exposed to an antidepressant, use patterns were best described as (1) low use (∼10 mg/day) with first-trimester reduction, (2) low sustained use (∼20 mg/day), (3) moderate use (∼40 mg/day) with first-trimester reduction, (4) moderate sustained use (∼40 mg/day), and (5) high sustained use (∼75 mg/day). Moderate sustained use increased the risk of major cardiac malformations, although results included the null when compared with depression or anxiety reference groups. Moderate sustained (adjusted risk ratio [RR] 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–1.49) and high sustained (adjusted RR 1.78; 95% CI 1.48–2.14) trajectories were associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. All 4 trajectories increased the risk of neonatal respiratory distress in a dose-response fashion (adjusted RRs 1.36 [95% CI 1.20–1.50] to 2.23 [95% CI 1.83–2.77]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Although findings support continuation of the lowest effective dose to treat depression or anxiety, which benefits the mother, they also highlight an increased risk for newborn respiratory distress in all groups and preterm birth at moderate to high sustained doses.
The Cryoballoon vs Irrigated Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation (CIRCA-DOSE) Study Results in Context
Authors: Andrade Jason G , Deyell Marc W , Verma Atul , Macle Laurent , Khairy Paul
Published: June 2020

The Cryoballoon vs Irrigated Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation: Double Short vs Standard Exposure Duration (CIRCA-DOSE) study was a multicentre, randomised, single-blinded trial that compared contact-force radiofrequency ablation and two different regimens of cryoballoon ablation. All patients received an implantable cardiac monitor for the purpose of continuous rhythm monitoring, with all arrhythmia events undergoing independent adjudication by a committee blinded to treatment allocation. The study demonstrated there were no significant differences between contact-force radiofrequency ablation and cryoballoon ablation with respect to recurrence of any atrial tachyarrhythmia, symptomatic atrial tachyarrhythmia, asymptomatic AF, symptomatic AF or AF burden. While the results of the CIRCA-DOSE study are reviewed here, this article focuses on considerations around the design of the study and places the observed outcomes in context.
Müslümanlık ve Hıristiyanlık’ta İnsan
Authors: ÇAPCIOĞLU Fatma
Published: June 2020

Müslümanlık ve Hıristiyanlık’ta İnsan/ Der Mensch in Christentum und Islam,
Ed. Mualla Selçuk, Martin Thurner
Türkçe-Almanca, Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınevi, Ağustos 2019, 426 sayfa.
Physical rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction: focus on body weight
Authors: Bubnova M. G. , Aronov D. M.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study the effectiveness of 1-year exercise training (ET) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in patients with different body mass index (BMI).

Material and methods. The study included 312 patients after AMI, who were randomized into four groups depending on BMI: patients who used ET program with BMI <30 kg/m2 (group 1 (n=78)) and BMI >30 kg/m2 (group 2 (n=78)); patients who did not use ET program with BMI <30 kg/m2 (group 3 (n=78)) and BMI >30 kg/m2 (group 4 (n=78)). ET of moderate intensity (60% of the threshold value) was carried out 3 times a week for a year.

Results. In patients with obesity, ET was associated with decrease of blood pressure by 3,3/3,6% (p<0,01 for each) and BMI by 7,7% (p<0,001), while there was an increase by 4,2/3,6% (p<0,05 for each) and 2,1% (p<0,05), respectively, in obese patients without ET. In patients without obesity, ET was associated only with BMI decrease by 3,3% (p<0,01), while in patients without obesity and ET it did not change. Daily physical activity after ET increased regardless of BMI, and without ET it decreased in obese patients. ET was associated with the increase of duration and intensity of training in non-obese patients by 39,2% (p<0,001) and 47,1% (p<0,001), respectively; in obese patients — by 23,8% (p<0,001) and 26,5% (p <0,001), respectively. In control groups it has not changed. After ET with any BMI, the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) decreased, and the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) increased. In the control groups, the concentration of TG increased, and with obesity there was also an increase in LDL-C and a decrease in HDL-C. Against the background of ET, the fibrinogen values decreased with any BMI, in contrast to the control groups. After 1-year ET number of cardiovascular events (CVE) significantly decreased in nonobese patients by 37,5% (p<0,05) and in obese ones by 28,6% (p<0,05).

Conclusion. Long-term aerobic ET in patients with any BMI reduced cardiovascular risk factors and the risk of CVE. At the same time, with concomitant obesity, the maximum effect of cardiac rehabilitation was not achieved, which confirms the importance of controlling BMI in patients after AMI.
PCSK9 in acute coronary syndrome: analysis of associations with clinical and laboratory characteristics
Authors: Drenina Yu. A. , Nikolaev K. Yu.
Published: June 2020

The article discusses a literature review reflecting the importance of identifying novel biomarkers in cardiology for improving conventional methods for diagnosing and stratifying risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Recently, more and more studies have published on such markers, in particular, on the proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 9 (PCSK9). The aim of this review was to analyze the associations of PCSK9 with clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with ACS. It has been demonstrated that the PCSK9 level in acute myocardial infarction is significantly increased. In patients with ACS, the level of PCSK9 is directly related to the duration of pain, the severity of coronary artery disease, familial hypercholesterolemia and lipid parameters, as well as the severity of coronary atherosclerosis according to the SYNTAX score. It was found that statin therapy before ACS significantly affects the association of PCSK9 with lipid profile. There are conflicting data on the associations of PCSK9 with the parameters of inflammatory response in ACS, as well as isolated evidence of the positive role of anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies in ACS patients with dyslipidemia. The impact of PCSK9 on ACS prognosis is currently unstudied.
A Prediction Model for Ultra-Short-Term Output Power of Wind Farms Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Yongsheng , Gao Jing , Xu Zhiwei , Luo Jidong , Li Leixiao
Published: June 2020

The output power prediction of wind farm is the key to effective utilization of wind energy and reduction of wind curtailment. However, the prediction of output power has long been a difficulty faced by both academia and the wind power industry, due to the high stochasticity of wind energy. This paper attempts to improve the ultra-short-term prediction accuracy of output power in wind farm. For this purpose, an output power prediction model was constructed for wind farm based on the time sliding window (TSW) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Firstly, the wind power data from multiple sources were fused, and cleaned through operations like dimension reduction and standardization. Then, the cyclic features of the actual output powers were extracted, and used to construct the input dataset by the TSW algorithm. On this basis, the TSW-LSTM prediction model was established to predict the output power of wind farm in ultra-short-term. Next, two regression evaluation metrics were designed to evaluate the prediction accuracy. Finally, the proposed TSW-LSTM model was compared with four other models through experiments on the dataset from an actual wind farm. Our model achieved a super-high prediction accuracy 92.7% as measured by d_MAE, an evidence of its effectiveness. To sum up, this research simplifies the complex prediction features, unifies the evaluation metrics, and provides an accurate prediction model for output power of wind farm with strong generalization ability.
A Green Routing Mathematical Model for IoT Networks in Critical Energy Environments
Authors: Lozano-Garzon Carlos , Montoya, Germán Adolfo , Donoso Yezid
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we propose a multi-objective mathematical optimization model that is the underlying support for the proposal of a new routing algorithm that aims to extend the lifetime in IoT networks for applications in critical energy environment. The network lifetime is evaluated for three approaches: the Hop Count approach, the Energy Consumption approach, and the Multiobjective approach based on Free Space Loss and the battery energy level of the IoT nodes. After this evaluation, we compared the different approaches in terms of how many transmissions were possible to do under a particular approach until none path cannot be found from an origin node to a destination node. Finally, we conclude that the Multi-objective method was the best strategy for extending the network lifetime since building short distance paths and considering battery level of the IoT nodes every time is, in the long run, a better strategy than just building paths considering nodes with a high battery level or building paths minimizing the number of network hops.
Automated Conjecturing II: Chomp and Reasoned Game Play
Authors: Bradford Alexander , Day J. Kain , Hutchinson Laura , Kaperick Bryan , Larson Craig , Mills Matthew , Muncy David , Van Cleemput Nico
Published: June 2020

We demonstrate the use of a program that generates conjectures about positions of the combinatorial game Chomp—explanations of why certain moves are bad. These could be used in the design of a Chomp-playing program that gives reasons for its moves. We prove one of these Chomp conjectures—demonstrating that our conjecturing program can produce genuine Chomp knowledge.

The conjectures are generated by a general purpose conjecturing program that was previously and successfully used to generate mathematical conjectures. Our program is initialized with Chomp invariants and example game boards—the conjectures take the form of invariant-relation statements interpreted to be true for all board positions of a certain kind. The conjectures describe a theory of Chomp positions.

The program uses limited, natural input and suggests how theories generated on-the-fly might be used in a variety of situations where decisions—based on reasons—are required.