bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oferta de programas para el desarrollo integral de la primera infancia: Revisión exploratoria
Authors: Astudillo A. Daniela , Leppe Z. Jaime
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Describir la oferta programática en primera infancia destinada a favorecer el desarrollo infantil integral en Chile.Método: Se realizó una revisión exploratoria siguiendo el marco metodológico del Joanna Briggs Institute. La búsqueda fue realizada por un investigador y los criterios de inclusión fueron: programas gubernamentales destinados al desarrollo integral en menores de 5 años en Chile. Los datos fueron organizados y sintetizados para describir características del programa y de la o las prestaciones que entrega.Resultados: La búsqueda identificó 2060 documentos y 72 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se describen 59 programas vigentes que abarcan la primera infancia, estando principalmente a cargo de los Ministerio de Justicia, Educación, Salud y Desarrollo Social. Los programas están destinados en su mayoría a la promoción e intervención, se encuentran focalizados en población vulnerable, son intersectoriales y utilizan diversas estrategias para su implementación.Conclusión: La oferta programática en Chile para la primera infancia presenta características sugeridas como efectivas para favorecer el desarrollo infantil.
Importance of early detection of hemoglobinopathies in the pediatric population in developing countries
Authors: Aguirre Marisol , Medina Diego , Araujo Maria Valeria , Campo Maria Alejandra , Castro Andres , Fernandez Trujillo Liliana , Alcalá Mercedes , Sua Luz Fernanda
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Alertar al personal de la salud sobre la importancia de la detección temprana de las hemoglobinopatías, dado que es el trastorno monogénico recesivo más frecuente.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo del resultado de eletroforesis capilar (CE) de 152 pacientes entre 0 y 18 años que durante el año 2017 fueron evaluados por sospecha de hemoglobinopatías en un Hospital Universitario de Colombia. La información se tomó de los registros médicos y del Laboratorio de Hematología y Hemostasia, asegurando la privacidad de los datos y aprobado por el Comité de Ética local.Resultados: De 152 pacientes, 48,6% tenía entre 7 y 18 años. La frecuencia de hemoglobinopatías fue de 42,7%. La variante más frecuente fue el rasgo de células falciformes (Hb S) con 14,5%. El hematólogo fue el profesional que más frecuentemente solicitó EC.Discusión: Se detectó que las hemoglobinopatías se diagnostican usualmente en niños mayores de siete años. Esto puede favorecer las complicaciones y progresión de la enfermedad, y aumento en los costos de la salud. Se requiere más información y educación a los médicos generales y pediatras para un diagnóstico más temprano.
Percepción del equipo de salud sobre los beneficios del calostro como factor protector de enterocolitis necrotizante en recién nacidos prematuros
Authors: Rojas Beytía Juan Pablo , Cariaga Irarrázabal José , Castro Guerrero Francisca , Domingo Carrasco Paula , Fernández Pérez Keila , Pavez Ortiz Ivette , Iturrieta Guaita Nicole Ghislaine , Silva Dreyer Anamaría
Published: August 2020

La incidencia de enterocolitis necrotizante (ECN), en Chile es de 0,3 a 2,4 por mil recién nacidos vivos, siendo principalmente afectados los neonatos prematuros, y de 8 a 12 por ciento en prematuros menores a 1.500 gramos.Objetivo: Describir la percepción de profesionales de salud sobre el uso de calostro en recién nacidos prematuros, como factor protector de enterocolitis necrotizante.Sujetos y Método: Estudio cualitativo, mediante entrevista semiestructurada a 18 profesionales de la salud en tres hospitales públicos de la región de Valparaíso. La pauta de entrevista incluyó 3 temas: Conocimientos, percepción del suministro temprano de calostro y opinión acerca de la extensión de la medida, y 6 subtemas, 2 para cada tema respectivamente: Autopercepción del nivel de conocimiento y fuentes de información; Experiencia: aspectos positivos/eventos adversos y opinión del calostro como factor protector de enterocolitis; aspectos facilitadores u obstaculizadores y opinión acerca de la medida como política nacional. Procesamiento de datos mediante análisis de contenido cualitativo, temático.Resultados: El uso de calostro en prematuros se da de modo protocolizado en dos de las tres unidades de alta complejidad neonatal de la región de Valparaíso. Los participantes opinan positivamente acerca de los resultados preventivos de esta medida. Aun cuando en un tercer establecimiento no se aplique, hay una percepción favorable acerca de su potencial beneficio y su bajo costo de implementación. Se señala, no obstante, que ésta requiere de mayor evidencia y de un protocolo de aplicación. Otras limitantes serían la insuficiente dotación y formación del personal, y la necesidad de adquirir equipamiento e insumos.Conclusiones: Profesionales que han aplicado un protocolo de administración de calostro en neonatos prematuros en la Región de Valparaíso, reportan buenos resultados de salud, y promueven la motivación del equipo hacia esta praxis. Sin embargo, se considera relevante la difusión y discusión de protocolos nacionales e internacionales, así como el desarrollo de investigación local. Dadas las experiencias en curso en Chile, y el debate internacional, se considera oportuno que el tema sea abordado y discutido en la comunidad sanitaria nacional.
Desenlace de los pacientes pediátricos con falla medular tratados en un centro de alta complejidad
Authors: Medina Valencia Diego , Estacio Mayra , Clarete Ana , Timarán Sofia , Manzi Eliana , Beltrán Gomez Estefanía , Franco Alexis A.
Published: August 2020

Los síndromes de falla medular (SFM) son trastornos infrecuentes, con una incidencia anual de 2-4 casos por millón. Las opciones de tratamiento incluyen terapia de inmunosupresión (TIS) y restauración de la hematopoyesis con trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticas (TPH).Objetivo: Analizar los desenlaces de pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados con SFM tratados en una institución de alta complejidad.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de SFM que consultaron a la Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali. Se realizo análisis estadístico descriptivo según SFM adquirida (SFMA) y SFM congénita (SFMC). Los desenlaces incluyeron: tratamiento, complicaciones, supervivencia global (SG) en los trasplantados, calculada con el método KaplanMeier.Resultados: Se incluyeron 24 pacientes con SFM, edad 6,5 ± 4 años, 50% mujeres. El 58% fueron SFMC, 9 con anemia de Fanconi, 2 disqueratosis congénita, 2 trombocitopenia amegacariocítica congénita, uno anemia Diamond-Blackfan. Doce pacientes con TPH tuvieron SG a 5 años de 83%. SFMA correspondió al 42%, 6 recibieron TIS-TPH, 3 TIS y 1 TPH, la SG del grupo con TIS-TPH fue 86%. Seis pacientes fallecieron, 4/6 relacionadas con infección.Conclusiones: En esta serie fue mayor el número de casos con SFMC. La SG de los pacientes llevados a TPH es comparable con la reportada en estudios recientes. La causa de muerte predominante fue infecciosa que también se ha reportado previamente. El tratamiento instaurado en los pacientes de esta serie mostró resultados favorables en un centro de alta complejidad en un país latinoamericano.
Karakteristik Antosianin dari Kulit Buah Nipah (Nypa frutican) sebagai Pewarna Alami dengan Metode Soxhletasi
Authors: Herfayati Putri , Pandia Setiaty , Nasution Halimatuddahliana
Published: August 2020

Anthocyanin is a natural pigment that gives red colour on Nipah husk (Nypa fructican) extract. Extraction of anthocyanin compounds used the soxhletation method with independent variables were the type of solvent (aquadest and ethanol with citric acid 3% (w/v)) and extraction time (30, 45 and 60 minutes). This study aims to determine the best type of solvent and extraction time used for extraction of anthocyanin from Nipah husk. The parameters in this study include qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanin (extract yield, total anthocyanin concentration, color intensity, antioxidant activity and analysis of toxicity) from Nipah husk extract. The results qualitatively and quantitatively indicate that Nipah husk extract had anthocyanin content with the highest extract yield was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 60 minutes extraction time of 0.546 gram / gram. The highest total anthocyanin was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 226.36 mg / L. The highest color intensity was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 0.925. The strongest antioxidant activity (IC50) was obtained using 3% aquadest-citric acid solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 3.569 ppm. The strongest toxicity activity (LC50) in ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent was 80.023 ppm.
A EAD como acesso ao Ensino Superior: A experiência do polo UAB, no nordeste paraense
Authors: Cruz Geanice Raimunda Baia , Silva Gimar Pereira Da
Published: August 2020

Este estudo investigou o processo de implantação e implementação do Polo de Apoio Presencial da Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB), em Cametá, região nordeste Paraense. Trata-se de uma experiência com o ensino superior na modalidade Educação a Distância (EaD), buscando identificar os aspectos tangentes à infraestrutura e de cunho pedagógico voltados à oferta e desenvolvimento dos cursos, bem como as dificuldades, implicações, inquietações e os avanços sentidos/vivenciados pelos alunos egressos do Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, ofertado em um Polo da UAB. Esta investigação tomou como norte inicial um levantamento bibliográfico a fim de obter dados e informações importantes sobre a Educação a Distância e sua evolução no mundo e no Brasil. Reportou-se à documentos oficiais sobre a institucionalização do Polo UAB, tendo como principal norte a Lei de nº. 245/2013 – PMC/Cametá-PA. A pesquisa pautou-se no enfoque crítico-dialético por permitir analisar a interação entre indivíduo, objeto e o foco da pesquisa. Como abordagem, optamos pela qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso. Segundo os egressos do Curso de Matemática, turma/2009, formar-se pela EaD foi a oportunidade encontrada para acessar a educação superior púbica à distância. No que se refere a implementação do Polo UAB, no município de Cametá, constata-se a sua importância para a oferta do ensino superior em nossa região, entretanto, há que destacar que foram várias as dificuldades encontradas no seu percurso inicial, sendo que muitas foram sanadas e outras ainda persistem.
The Public administration from Peru in covid-19 time: An analysis [La Administración pública del Perú en tiempos del coronavirus 2019: Un análisis]
Authors: Valverde Flores Sonia
Published: August 2020

This analysis intend to explain about to decisions of public management from Peru in covid-19 pandemia times until now. In this scenario, it is inevitable to question whether the Public Administration, by imposing strict measures against citizens, manages to reduce the level of contagion of people, as well as increase the recovery of people's health and prevent the massive contagion from continuing.
The Concepts of Merit and Equal Opportunities in Law No. 30057, Civil Service Law [Los Conceptos de Mérito e Igualdad de Oportunidades en la Ley N° 30057, Ley del Servicio Civil]
Authors: Marquez Condeso Fernando Luis
Published: August 2020

The human resources management of the public administration is of great importance corresponding to the purposes assigned to the State by constitutional mandate. Hence the need to develop a human resources policy in accordance with the attention to social needs. A State cannot be conceived that maintains within it a heterogeneity of labor regimes with different rights and obligations and, above all, without a single race regime. One of the most important factors raised by Law No. 30057 is merit as a condition for the incorporation of new public servants. However, the aforementioned norm does not adequately develop said factor, which implies the possibility of a discretionary interpretation of its content and, consequently, a selection of applicants who may not adequately meet the needs of suitable human resources. The purpose of this research is to investigate from a theoretical and factual point of view the concept of merit, in order to arrive at a tentative definition that allows us to provide objective elements for its evaluation.
Impact of Biodiesel Demand on the Malaysian Palm Oil Industry: A Simultaneous Equations Approach
Authors: Applanaidu Shri Dewi A/P , Mohd. Arshad Fatimah , Yusop Zulkornain , Shamsudin Mad Nasir , Alias Mohammad Haji
Published: August 2020

The European Union (EU) Renewable Energy Directive set a target of 20 % share of energy from the renewable sources and 10% share of renewable energy specifically in the transport sector. This has resulted in some countries looking for bio-based alternative energies which lead to the increase in demand for bio-based feedstocks such as palm and rapeseed oil (for biodiesel) and sugar cane and corn (for ethanol). One of the new elements in the palm oil market is the growing demand for this commodity as a feedstock to biodiesel production. This will also put Malaysia in a better light on the international front for taking the effort to reduce carbon emissions. In line with this, the palm oil sector in Malaysia will be able to match the New Economic Model’s (NEM) major goals of high income, sustainability and inclusiveness. This new development is affecting the dynamics of the market, in particular, the supply and demand sectors of this commodity. This paper seeks to examine the impact of biodiesel demand on the Malaysian palm oil industry. This paper proposes a structural econometric model consisting of nine structural equations and four identities. The model has been estimated by the two stage least squares method using annual data for the period 1976–2010.
Pengurusan Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan dan Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri: Satu Analisis Persamaan dan Perbezaan Fatwa Tahun 2000–2009
Authors: Mamat Zulfaqar , Mohamad Mohd Nasran , Omar Hydzulkifli Hashim
Published: August 2020

Secara umumnya, terdapat dua institusi fatwa yang berpengaruh dan memainkan peranan dalam mengeluarkan fatwa di Malaysia iaitu Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia (MJFK) dan Jawatankuasa-Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri yang ditubuhkan pada peringkat Negeri-Negeri di Malaysia. Matlamat kajian ini ialah untuk mengenal pasti faktor-faktor persamaan dan juga perbezaan yang wujud dalam fatwa-fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh kedua-dua institusi ini dari tahun 2000 hingga 2009 dari aspek penyelarasan fatwa. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dalam usaha menganalisis beberapa keputusan fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh kedua-dua institusi fatwa untuk menyingkap persamaan dan perbezaan antara kedua-dua badan tersebut.   Kata kunci: Institusi fatwa, Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia (MJFK), jawatankuasa fatwa negeri-negeri, penyelarasan fatwa.
STRUCTURING A SUCCESSFUL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROCESS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF ACTOR NETWORK THEORY
Authors: Ibrahim Huda , Kasimin Hasmiah
Published: August 2020

An effi cient and effective information technology transfer from developed countries to Malaysia is an important issue as a prerequisite to support the ICT needs of the country to become not only a ICT user but also a ICT producer. One of the factors that infl uences successful information technology transfer is managing the process of how technology transfer occurs in one environment. It involves managing interaction between all parties concerned which requires an organized strategy and action toward accomplishing technology transfer objective in an integrated and effective mode. Using a conceptual framework based on the Actor Network Theory (ANT), this paper will analyse a successful information technology transfer process at a private company which is also a supplier of information technology (IT) products to the local market. This framework will explain how the company has come up with a successful technology transfer in a local environment. Our study shows that the company had given interest to its relationships with all the parties involved in the transfer process. The technology transfer programme and the strategy formulated take into account the characteristics of technology and all those involved.
Human Rights in Xinjiang 1978-2007: Internationalisation of the Uyghur Dilemma and China’s Reaction
Authors: Rogers Roy Anthony
Published: August 2020

Since 1978 when Deng Xiaoping took over the leadership of China after the demise of Mao Zedong in 1976, the country witnessed dramatic changes in the human rights situation. These included freedom in performing religious obligations such as pilgrimage, for the Muslim Uyghurs and freedom to practice their culture and language. Hence, there was an overall improvement in human rights situation in Xinjiang province. However, in the late 1990s the Chinese Communist Party reverted to harsh policies once again. They declared the policy of ‘Strike Hard’ which sanctioned the use of torture and arbitrary detention as well as extra-judicial killings of the Uyghurs. This article examines the factors that have influenced China’s policies on the human rights condition in Xinjiang from 1978 until 2007. It also analyses the role of Uyghur diasporas in their struggle to internationalise the human rights issues in Xinjiang and China’s reaction towards the international pressures.
Inductive Learning: Does Interleaving Exemplars Affect Long-Term Retention?
Authors: Zulkiply Norehan , Burt Jennifer S.
Published: August 2020

Purpose – The present study investigated whether or not the benefits of interleaving of exemplars from several categories vary with retention interval in inductive learning.   Methodology – Two experiments were conducted using paintings (Experiment 1) and textual materials (Experiment 2), and the experiments used a mixed factorial design. Forty students participated in each experiment for course credit. In each experiment, participants studied a series of exemplars from several categories which were presented massed and interleaved, and later their induction was tested either shortly after the study phase (short-term retention) or after a week’s delay (long- term retention).   Findings – Consistent with findings from previous studies, the interleaving effect was found in the short-term retention condition, and crucially, the present study provided the initial evidence that interleaving of exemplars also affected long-term retention. Interestingly, massing was judged to be more effective than spacing (interleaving) in most groups, even when actual performance showed the opposite.   Significance – The present study shows that interleaved exemplars have considerable potential in improving inductive learning in the long term. For example, induction is used in case-based reasoning which requires one to start with learning from specifi c cases, and then form generalizations of these cases by identifying the commonalities between them. In order to enhance long-term retention, educators may want to consider using interleaved presentation rather than massed presentation in teaching examples or cases from a particular category or concept.
THE EFFECTS OF CLASSROOM LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AND LABORATORY LEARNING ENVIRONMENT ON THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS LEARNING SCIENCE IN THE 21ST-CENTURY SCIENCE LESSONS
Authors: Karpudewan Mageswary , Meng Chong Keat
Published: August 2020

Purpose – Many students associate science with negative feelings and attitudes which discourage them from continuing with science. This is supported by findings indicating a positive correlation between attitude and achievement. The learning environment is an important construct that influences students’ attitude. Following the claim that attitude is important and the learning environment is the determinant of learners’ attitude, in this study, an attempt is made to investigate the effects of classroom learning environment and laboratory learning environment on students’ attitude towards learning science.   Methodology – Survey research design was used to identify the students’ perception of learning environment and attitude. A total of three sets of questionnaires on science laboratory, classroom learning and attitude towards learning science were administered to 272 (109 males and 163 females) lower secondary school students. Purposive sampling approach was used to identify the samples. Multiple linear regression was used to answer the research questions. Findings – The results show that attitude towards learning science is positively correlated with both classroom learning environment (r =.515) and science laboratory learning environment (r =.526). Both classroom learning environment and science laboratory learning environment are significant predictors of attitude. Cooperation, Equity and Investigation from the WIHIC and Integration, Material Environment and Students Cohesiveness from the SLEI are identified as significant predictors of attitude.   Significance – The findings obtained from this quantitative survey suggest the presence of causal effects among the learning domains. This finding suggests that teachers should seriously consider the causal effects of the domains when designing their teaching strategies to enable the development of 21st-century skills.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USE OF INSTAGRAM IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE WRITING
Authors: Akhiar Ayuni , Mydin Al- Amin , Adi Kasuma Shaidatul Akma
Published: August 2020

Purpose – This study examines university students’ perceptions and attitudes towards the use of Instagram in English language writing. Like other social networking sites (SNS), the design of Instagram promotes community-centeredness, and supports the dissemination of authentic content that creates opportunities for meaningful interactions among language learners. Methodology – There were 101 participants of this study who participated in a descriptive English essay writing activity on Instagram, answered a set of questionnaire with 20 closed-ended items, and five open-ended questions about using Instagram for English language learning. Focus groups’ discussions with all of the respondents were held to elaborate the open-ended items. The closed-items were analysed quantitatively using mean scores, while the open-ended items were analysed both quantitatively (mean scores) and qualitatively (content analysis). Findings – The results demonstrated students’ high positive perceptions and views towards using Instagram in improving their writing skills, but moderate attitudes. Significance – Based on the more favourable responses, it is about time that language teachers implement the preeminent social media platform such as Instagram to create conducive learning environment that could boost students’ motivation in English language learning.
The Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring in the Teaching of Mathematics
Authors: Gan Siew Ling , Hong Kian Sam
Published: August 2020

Purpose – This study examined the effectiveness of peer tutoring in the teaching of Mathematics in a Malaysian government secondary school. This study also investigated the effects of peer tutoring on interest in learning mathematics, perceptions of instructional methods and mathematics self-efficacy, as well as gender differences for the various variables.   Method – This study utilised the pretest-posttest with control group quasi-experimental research design. Two form four classes were randomly assigned to be taught using peer tutoring, and taught using lectures and exercises. The research instruments used in the study were a pretest, a posttest, and a questionnaire.   Findings – Results showed that students who received peer tutoring had higher gain scores in the mathematics achievement tests compared to those receiving traditional instruction. In addition, female students performed better in the mathematics achievement tests. However, there was no interaction effect between gender and instructional methods used. Students in the peer tutoring groups showed higher interest in learning mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy. They also showed positive perceptions toward peer tutoring. In the peer tutoring group, female students showed higher interest in mathematics than male students. However, gender differences were not evident for mathematics self-efficacy and perceptions toward peer tutoring. Thus, it could be concluded that peer tutoring is a potentially effective instructional method that could be practised in secondary mathematics teaching and learning in Malaysian schools in tandem with other existing instructional methods.   Value – Peer tutoring has not been widely studied in the context of the Malaysian classroom. This paper provides empirical findings supporting the effectiveness of peer tutoring as an instructional approach in enhancing students’ learning of mathematics irrespective of gender. In addition, peer tutoring can also augment students’ interest toward learning mathematics and their mathematics selfefficacy.
Consumer Religiosity and Shopping Behaviour in Malaysia
Authors: Mokhlis Shafiek , Spartks Leigh
Published: August 2020

There has been considerable research establishing a link between cultural and sub-cultural values, and aspects of consumer behaviour. However, religion as a sub-cultural element has received little attention from researchers. This study sought to examine the influence of religiosity on one aspect of consumer behaviour – shopping orientation. The research data was collected by means of a survey through personal interviews using a structured questionnaire. Out of 300 respondents targeted, 226 questionnaires were deemed usable for statistical analysis. The findings revealed that three shopping orientation factors, namely quality consciousness, impulsive shopping, and price consciousness were related to religiosity. It is suggested that religiosity should be included as a possible determinant of shopping orientations in consumer behaviour models.
Using Hilbert Transform in Diagnostic of Composite Materials by Impedance Method
Authors: Eremenko Volodymyr , Zaporozhets Artur , Babak Vitalii , Isaienko Volodymyr , Babikova Kateryna
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the increasing of information quality for the impedance method of nondestructive testing. The purpose of this article is to get for the pulsed impedance method of nondestructive testing the additional informative parameters. Instantaneous values of the information signal's amplitude is a sensitive parameter to the effects of interference, in particular friction, which necessitates the use of additional informative features. It was experimentally measured signals from defective and defectless areas of the test pattern. Using of the Hilbert transform gave possibility to determine phase characteristics of these signals and realize demodulation to extract a low-frequency envelope for further analysis of its shape. It was received the informative features as a result of researches. Among them are instantaneous frequency of a signal, the integral of a phase characteristic on the selected interval and the integral of a difference signal phase characteristics. In order to compare quality of the defect detection using selected parameters it was carried out evaluation of the testing result reliability for a product fragment made of a composite material. Considering the influence of the change in the mechanical impedance of the researched area on the phase-frequency characteristics of the output signal of the converter, it is proposed to use as the diagnostic signs: the instantaneous frequency and the value of the phase characteristic of the current signal for certain points in time. The proposed informative features enable to increase general reliability of composite materials testing by the pulsed impedance method.
Influence of Entrepreneurial Innovation on Sustainable Solid: Waste Recycling in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu , Ofobruku Sylvester Abomeh , Chukwu Benjamin Ibe
Published: August 2020

One of the most serious challenges that city dwellers face in a developing nation is unsatisfactory solid waste management. This research investigates the impact of entrepreneurial innovation in solid waste recycling capacity in Abuja, federal capital city of Nigeria. The study employs a survey approach entailing the use of questionnaire for primary data collection. The data collected were analysed using a regression statistical technique. The findings of the study reveal that entrepreneurial activities can be used to enhance competencies in sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria. Specifically, we found that entrepreneurial innovation has a significant positive effect on solid waste recycling capacity (p < 0.01). The study concludes that entrepreneurial innovation will encourage efficiency and effectiveness in solid waste recycling practices in Abuja, Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that the government should put in place structures that encourage entrepreneurial innovation in solid management so as to enhance the sustainable solid waste recycling capacity in Abuja, Nigeria. Solid waste recycling has long been thought of as playing an important role in solid waste management. This research affirms that entrepreneurial innovation would aid the improvement of the solid waste recycling capacity thereby optimising the chances of achieving sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria. Currently there is a paucity of studies that examine the effects of entrepreneurial innovation specifically on solid waste recycling and sustainable development in Abuja, Nigeria. This study contributes an important additional dimension in the search for sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria.
The Role of Maps in Autonomous Driving Simulations
Authors: Barsi Árpád , Csepinszky András , Lógó János Máté , Krausz Nikol , Potó Vivien
Published: August 2020

The vehicles of the conditional, high, and full automation levels have a common unique sensor, the map. The term map has undergone a significant change because the spatial resolution has been increased considerably, the road infrastructure and its neighborhood are represented with higher accuracy in 3D. The development of these vehicles requires enormous efforts, where computer-based techniques, like the simulations, can offer a helping hand. The autonomous simulations will be supported by high-quality map information, which generates interest in the best field data-capturing techniques. The paper provides an overview of the available modern surveying methodologies, then introduces the most preferred data formats – both in physical information storage and in exchanging information content between mapping systems. Some examples are presented to demonstrate the usage of the relevant map-making outputs in automotive simulators.
Cruelty and Austerity. Philip Hallie’s Categories of Ethical Thought and Today’s Greek Tragedy
Authors: Baruchello Giorgio
Published: August 2020

In this paper, 20th-century ethicist Philip Hallie’s research on cruelty is outlined and explained in order to determine and discuss categories of thought that make cruelty attributable to social forms of agency. The semantic ambiguity of “cruelty” and its cognate “cruel” are acknowledged and also discussed, but Hallie’s understanding is upheld nonetheless as technically articulate and, above all, as reasonable. As such, his understanding can be utilised to interpret and assess in ethical terms the recent austerity policies pursued in many countries of the world after the 2008 economic crash, which was induced by unsustainable deregulated trade of financial assets, particularly of toxic assets. The case of Greece is examined as exemplary, referring especially to the Loan Agreements of May 2010 between the representatives of the Greek State and those of the Euro-area Member States under the aegis of the International Monetary Fund.
Editorial
Authors: Eslava Albarracín Daniel Gonzalo
Published: August 2020

Los cambios en el escenario de salud de las personas y las comunidades, tienen que ver con la gran cantidad de transformaciones que se han presentado en el contexto global durante los últimos 20 años, que son a la vez los primeros de este nuevo milenio. Así, la reflexión sobre el presente y futuro de la salud pública se ha venido convirtiendo en un tema obligado y reiterativo. En este contexto, debemos reconocer que, cuando uno se pregunta tan frecuentemente por su futuro, lo que está reflejando es la falta de claridad acerca de su presente y mostrando evidencias concretas de una situación de crisis que obliga a dicha reflexión.
地下商业建筑安全疏散设计研究
Authors: 费 亚普
Published: August 2020

文章针对地下商业建筑这一较为特殊的建筑类型，依据《建筑设计防火规范》和《人民防空工程设计防火规范》等规范的理解及自身工程项目经验，对地下商业建筑防火分区划分、安全疏散方式进行设计分析，并对安全出口数量、疏散距离、疏散宽度等疏散组织进行设计研究，提出相应解决措施，以期对民用建筑及城市轨道交通建筑设计中类似的工程建设提供实质性参考。
论农村公路养护管理存在的问题和改善措施
Authors: 周 潇
Published: August 2020

随着经济社会的不断发展，人们越来越意识到交通运输行业的发展对社会发展做出的巨大贡献，而我国大规模的基础设施建设当中对于道路工程项目的建设也给予了很大的关注和支持，可以说道路是社会经济发展的必要基础。不仅满足了当前经济社会发展对效率和速度的需求也满足了人满安全快捷出行的现实需要。在全面建成小康社会的要求下国家不断增加对农村地区的道路基础设施工程项目建设的投资和政策倾斜，通过大规模的在农村地区建设对外联系的道路工程项目，增强城乡之间的联系和促进农村地区的经济社会的发展。但是由于各种现实层面的因素限制和制约，农村地区的道路工程项目的日常维护和管理总是存在比较多的问题，这严重影响了农村地区道路工程项目的使用性能和使用年限。
建筑工程质量监督管理工作中存在的问题及对策
Authors: 李 永红
Published: August 2020

在不断发展的经济社会背景下，我国的城镇化水平也有了很高的提升，城市加速扩张的过程中带动了城市当中的建筑工程项目的大大增加，而且人们对于建筑工程项目的质量的要求也越来越高。而做好工程项目建造施工过程中的监督和质量管理是确保建筑工程施工顺利、稳定、高质量进行的必要条件。但是在工程项目施工的监督和质量管理过程中依然出现了一些需要重视的问题，因此有关工作人员必须结合工程项目的实际情况制定有效的管理和控制措施和有效的处理手段，积极稳妥的加强工程项目现场施工的监督以及对施工质量的管理，防止出现安全风险，确保施工项目高效率、高水准的完成。
公路工程路基路面常见质量通病及防治措施
Authors: 朱 立来
Published: August 2020

近年来，在多方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国综合国力得以全面的提升，从而推动了城市建设工作的全面实施。公路工程属于城市基础设施之一，而公路工程结构中的地基结构质量往往都与道路工程质量和载荷能力存在直接的关联，鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对公路工程路基路面施工质量问题展开深入研究分析，并针对性的提出了解决建议，希望能够为整个公路工程行业的健康发展有所帮助。
土地招拍挂制度对房地产市场的影响分析
Authors: 马 建琦
Published: August 2020

文章针对土地招拍挂制度对房地产市场的影响，从积极方面与消极方面展开辩证分析。在积极方面，着眼于土地出让、土地价格、土地资源配置、房地产行业整合四方面进行探究；在消极方面，从土地价格、土地投机、地方政府这三方面展开研究，以期能够为我国房地产行业的健康发展提供参考性建议。
城市道路交通工程设计技术方法的完善与实践
Authors: 唐 健钦
Published: August 2020

近年来，在多方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国社会经济整体水平得到了显著的提升，从而为城市化建设工作的开展带来了良好的机遇。在城市化建设工作全面推进的影响下，使得城市道路工程综合能力在不断的提升，从而为民众的生活带来了诸多的便利。城市规模逐渐的扩大，使得城市交通工程越发的复杂。交通工程与民众生活息息相关，为了更好的推动城市的稳步持续发展，我们需要切实的针对城市道路交通工程设计工作进行完善，加大力度进行城市道路交通建设工作，并围绕道路交通设计技术展开深入的分析研究，从根本上促进道路工程各项施工工作能够有序的开展。
电子信息智能化工程运维方法探讨
Authors: 蔡 凯
Published: August 2020

文章将详细介绍电子信息智能化工程开展运维活动的具体应用，并提出使用自动化技术、云计算技术、代维管理技术及安全管理技术四项主要的运维方法。在开展电子信息工程的运维时能有效提升其应用或工作范围，提升工作效率，符合当前发展信息发展的趋势。
New insights into the basic biology of acute graft-versus-host-disease
Authors: Alicia Li  , Ciril Abraham  , Ying Wang  , Yi Zhang
Published: August 2020

Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an important therapy for many hematological and non-hematological diseases, acute graft-versus-host-disease (aGVHD) is a major obstacle to its success. The pathogenesis of aGVHD is divided into three distinct phases which occur largely as the result of interactions between infused donor T cells and numerous cell types of both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic origin. In light of the disease's immensely complex biology, epigenetics has emerged as a framework with which to examine aGVHD. This review focuses on new findings that clarify the roles specific epigenetic regulators play in T cell-mediated aGVHD development and discusses how their modulation could disrupt that process to beneficial effects. DNA methyltransferases, histone methyltransferases and histone deacetylases are the most closely studied regulators across aGVHD priming, induction and effector phases and have been manipulated using drugs and other methods in both murine models and clinical trials to varying degrees of success. Antigen-presenting cells, effector T cells and memory T cells, among others, are targeted and affected by these regulators in different ways. Finally, our review highlights new directions for study and potential novel targets for modulation to abrogate aGVHD.
Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
Authors: Dhungana Ashesh , Shrestha Prajowl , Shrestha Kiran , Shah Shristi , Karki Pratikchya , Upreti Harish Chandra
Published: August 2020

Evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy is often challenging. Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) is a novel technique which provides real time sonographic guidance during Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA) from mediastinal and hilar lesions. A 60-year-old smoker presented with two months history of cough and chest pain on the right side. CT thorax revealed a right upper lobe spiculated mass with paratracheal (Station 4R) and subcarinal (Station 7) lymph nodes. Bronchoscopy did not reveal any endobronchial mass. Since EBUS-TBNA is superior to conventional TBNA for malignant mediastinal node, an EBUS- TBNA was performed from both lymph node stations. . Cytopathology and histopathology revealed non-small cell lung cancer. We hereby report the first use of EBUS-TBNA in Nepal, in a patient with lung cancer and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.Keywords: Endobronchial ultrasound; lung cancer; mediastinal lymph node; transbronchial needle aspiration.
Emotional and Behavioral Problems among Adolescents in Pokhara City in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bharati , Rai Mana Kumari , Sharma Anju , Karki Sabita
Published: August 2020

Background: Adolescents are highly vulnerable to psychiatric disorders, which often have serious negative consequences for their academic achievement and potential social life. The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among adolescents.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted to identify the emotional and behavioral problems among adolescents using cluster sampling technique. Assessment was done on students of grade 7-11 from two schools in city in Nepal using self-administered questionnaire, Youth Self-Report (YSR-11/18) 2001, developed by Achenbach System of Empirical Based Assessment and self developed socio-demographic questionnaires. Data was coded and analyzed using SPSS (20). Descriptive statistic and inferential statistic (Chi square, Fisher Exact and Odds ratio-OR) were used to analyze data.Results: Altogether 330 adolescents were enrolled in study with mean age 14.3 yrs (range 11-18, male-152, female-178). Prevalence of EBPs was 30.0% (Male-38.8% female-22.5%). Internalizing problems (35.8%) were more common than externalizing (18.5%). Occurrence of EBPs was significantly associated with Sex (OR= 2.2 p=0.001), type of family (OR=1.8 p=0.035) and types of school (private: public OR=2.1 p=0.004).Among narrow band scales most common problems were social (17.6%), thought (15.5%), somatic (13%), anxious depression (12.1%) and aggression(10.3%). There was significant association between sex with EBPs on narrow band scales, male adolescents were more likely to have thought-problem (OR=3.7 p=<0.001, rule-breaking problem (OR=8.5, p=0.02), aggressive behavior (OR=3.7 p=0.001) while female were more likely to have social problems (OR=2.6 p=0.002).Conclusions: Emotional and behavioural are a serious mental health concern among adolescents. An intervention strategy (School-based mental health service) maybe required to understand their problems and provide appropriate counseling.Keywords: Adolescents; emotional and behavioral problems; youth self report.
Application of otolith chemistry at multiple life history stages to assess population structure of Warsaw grouper in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Sanchez PJ , Rooker JR , Zapp Sluis M , Pinsky J , Dance MA , Falterman B , Allman RJ
Published: August 2020

Chemical markers in otoliths have been used to assess the stock structure of many marine fishes, but these natural markers have yet to be widely evaluated or applied to demersal fishes in offshore habitats where physicochemical gradients are generally less pronounced relative to nearshore waters. To address this, we quantified trace elements (Li, Mg, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ba) and stable isotopes (δ13C and δ18O) in otoliths of Warsaw grouper Hyporthodus nigritus from 4 regions in the Gulf of Mexico (Texas, Louisiana, Alabama-NW Florida, and SW Florida). Region-specific differences in otolith chemistry were observed, and notable differences in several influential markers (Mn:Ca, Sr:Ca, and Ba:Ca ratios and δ18O) were present, particularly between the most distant regions investigated (Texas/Louisiana and SW Florida). Distinct regional signatures were observed for Warsaw grouper across 3 life history stages: first year (otolith core), most recent years (otolith edge), and lifetime (whole otolith), suggesting that individuals within certain regions share common environmental histories that may represent unique contingents or sub-populations. Findings also demonstrate that spatial variability within these markers was consistent enough to overcome any temporal variability within the geographic domains investigated for all 3 life history stages, highlighting their potential value for assessing the natal origin, exchange, and population structure of this species and potentially other members of the deepwater fish assemblage.
«The primitive communist society and its decomposition»: the prehistorical past of the territory of Belarus by V. K. Shcharbakou
Authors: Vaitovich Aliaksandra U. , Kurlovich Palina S.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of the «primitive communist society» set out by the famous scientist and organizer of science in the 1930s, the first dean of the historical faculty of Belarusian State University V. K. Shcharbakou in his «Essay on the history of Belarus» (1934). This book was the first attempt in native historiography to systematically illuminate the initial period of the history of our country in a marxist manner. The researcher did not set himself the goal of preparing a full-fledged archaeological publication. Creating a synthetic review of the history of Belarus, he included in it only certain topics related to primitive and early medieval archaeology. The scientist’s methodological approaches to the study of ancient history corresponded to the theoretical developments of Soviet historical science in the 1920s – at the beginning of the 1930s, and the work no longer match the new «settings» by the time of release. The authors of the article determined the contribution of V. K. Shcharbakou to the interpretation of the primitive history of Belarus, which allows to understand better the history of Belarusian archaeological and historical thought of the interwar period.
The hoard of temple rings from the hillfort of Baroniki (Viciebsk)
Authors: Tarasevich Victoryia N. , Vasiliev Vasily M.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to two temple rings, which are a part of the hoard from the hillfort of Baroniki (Viciebsk). Temple rings are now kept in the National Historical Museum of the Republic of Belarus. The absence of direct analogies and the circumstances of finding of things allowed G. V. Shtyhau to date this complex very approximately. Therefore, the aim of the research is to clarify the dating of the hoard. According to the authors, this can be done on the basis of the analysis of the stylistic features of the appearance of the rings and, thus, to identify traditions that could affect their creating. It was established that the «ornamental motifs» used in the making of rings from Baroniki were widespread in the forest and forest steppe zones of Central and Eastern Europe during the Migration Period. Due to this, the rings can be dated from the end of the 5th century to the end of the 7th – beginning of the 8th century. The results of the research can be used as a source for the reconstruction of the womenʼs jewelry attire of the population of the Belarusian Dzvina Region in the second half of the 1st millennium AD.
Sleep and Aging: Endocrine and Epigenetic Aspects
Authors: Bulgakova S. , Romanchuk N.
Published: August 2020

Along with many physiological changes during normal aging, sleep also changes. Age-related changes in sleep include: a decrease in the duration of night sleep, an increase in the frequency of falling asleep during the day, an increase in the number of night awakenings and time spent without sleep during the night, a decrease in the phase of slow sleep, etc. Most of these changes occur between the young and the middle and remain unchanged in the elderly. In addition, the circadian system and homeostatic sleep mechanisms become less stable with aging. The level and nature of the secretion of hormones acting on sleep change during normal aging, which affects the processes of sleep and wakefulness. Sleep indicators are interrelated and/or dependent on lifestyle, polymorbidity (somatic, psychological), polypharmacy, epigenetic (social, economic, environmental, etc.) factors. Increased average human life expectancy and neuroendocrine changes in physiological and pathological aging, on the one hand, epigenetic factors and electromagnetic information load/overload, on the other hand, made a significant contribution to the circadian nature of human brain neural network interaction with artificial intelligence.
Sustainability is the Main Driver of Economic Growth
Authors: Zainutdinov Sh. , Madrakhimov U.
Published: August 2020

In a market economy, ensuring the sustainability of economic growth is the main task of the state. For without this, economic development cannot be achieved. This article discusses the theory and practice of sustainable development, factors that ensure economic stability, conditions and circumstances of economic growth, the place and role of GDP, balanced development of the economy, increasing labor productivity, production efficiency, etc.
Ensuring the Growth of Efficiency of Small Business and Private Entrepreneurship in the Terms of Innovative Development of the Construction Industry Uzbekistan
Authors: Fattakhov Sh. , Khairova D.
Published: August 2020

The innovative development of construction requires the consolidation of the activities of all construction participants, including construction enterprises, most of which are small businesses and private entrepreneurship, industry management bodies, educational and scientific institutions. In this regard, the article substantiates the creation of an association of small businesses and private entrepreneurship and an industry cluster.
The Legal Policy of the Kyrgyz Republic on the Digitalization of Law Enforcement Agencies, Local Government Bodies at the Present Stage
Authors: Beishembek kyzy A. , Abzhaparov M.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses government policy in the field of digital transformation of the country. The concept of public policy and digitalization is considered. It is noted that a properly constructed legal and state policy is the key to achieving success in the intended goal in the development of the country. An attempt is made to highlight the positive aspects of both competent public policy and the development of the state at the rate of using innovative technologies. The author tried to highlight the positive impact of the transition to digital technologies on the quality of human life and government activities in the future. Several examples of the implementation of automated information systems are given.
The Formation of Key Competencies in Geometry Lessons
Authors: Tagaeva D. , Toktomambetova Zh.
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the tasks of developing students’ creative abilities in geometry lessons. The systematic work of a teacher in instilling students’ skills in finding various ways to solve contributes to the development of logical search methods, which, in turn, develops students’ research abilities. If it is required to apply several methods at the same time, schoolchildren try to find the most original, beautiful, economical solution. For this, students perceive many creative facts, methods and techniques, analyze them from the point of view of applicability to a given situation in a task, and gain experience in applying the same knowledge to various issues. All this activates the educational activities of students, instills interest in the subject.