bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA LANSIA DI SEI SIKAMBING B MEDAN
Authors: Saragih Nurlela Petra , Silalahi Kristina L , Kaban Karmila br
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 telah menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia sejak dinyatakan oleh WHO telah menjadi pandemic sejak 11 Maret 2020. Jumlah penderita Covid – 19 di Indonesia terus semakin meningkat. Secara global menurut data JHU CSSE COVID-19  hingga Juli 2021 bahwa kasus COVID-19 berjumlah 2,46 juta yang dinyatakan sembuh 2.02 juta dan meninggal dunia 64. 631 orang. Lansia merupakan  orang yang rentan terhadap penularan Covid-19.  Pencegahan penularan Covid-19 pada lansia diperlukan penekanan jumlah terpaparnya penderita Covid 19. Adapun tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan edukasi pencegahan COVID-19 pada lansia. Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini dengan cara sseminar, observasi dan peragaan cuci tangan pakai hand sanitizer, peragaan pakai masker dengan benar, diskusi dan evaluasi. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan lansia  memahami dan memperagakan edukasi pencegahan Covid-19 dengan tetap melakukan mencuci tangan, memakai masker, menjaga jarak, menghindari keramaian, membatasi aktifitas. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah dilakukan edukasi lansia secara konsisten melakukan  pencegahan Covid-19 dengan tetap melakukan mencuci tangan, memakai masker, menjaga jarak, menghindari keramaian, membatasi aktifitas.
TRAINING OF MAKP TEAM FOR NURSES AT SARI MUTIARA LUBUK PAKAM HOSPITAL
Authors: Hasibuan Eva Kartika , Saragih Masri , Gulo Adventy Riang Bevy
Published: August 2021

Model Asuhan Keperawatan Profesional (MAKP) merupakan sebuah sistem yang meliputi struktur, proses, dan nilai professional yang mengatur pemberian asuhan keperawatan dan sebagai suatu model dalam praktik keperawatan professional di Rumah Sakit. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menambah  pengetahuan perawat dalam menerapkan metode asuhan keperawatan professional tim. Pelaksanaan metode kegiatan pertama sekali dengan penyampaian materi terkait bahan kajian yang perlu disampikan setelah itu melaksanakan roleplay model asuhan keperawatan professional tim. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah dilakukan sosialisasi dan praktek menunjukkan  80 % perawat             paham terkait penjelasan materi dan 95% perawat dapat mempraktekkan metode tim.
Whose Journey to Self-Reliance? Participation in the Journey to Self-Reliance and the Land-Grant Imaginary
Authors: Kelinsky-Jones Lia , Niewolny Kim
Published: August 2021

Land-grant university and civil society development actors have long partnered with local and global communities to eliminate food insecurity. Despite the common aim of addressing food insecurity as a wicked problem, their approaches and designs differ in scope and scale. Similarly, levels of local stakeholder participation in agricultural development historically vary reflecting the complexity in relinquishing hierarchal decision-making power. In this pilot study, we investigated how participation is framed within the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) policy, “The Journey to Self-Reliance”. Subsequently, we sought to understand the implications of this framing on land-grant universities’ agricultural development aims in addressing global food security. We drew upon Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis and Pretty’s typology of participation in sustainable agriculture to analyze the inaugural speech launching the policy framework by the former USAID administrator. We also held two focus groups with development actors at two land-grant universities. Findings indicate local participation of governments, citizens, and civil society to be important. However, governmental participation may be contingent on accountability to both USAID and the private sector indicating an increased commitment to neoliberal ideology. The focus group themes identify self- reliance and its journey as prescriptive and at times, neocolonial, raising questions about participatory possibilities. The final theme illustrates land-grant praxis from participants as they advance visions for centering local partner needs through more equitable decision-making and resource sharing. We conclude with considerations for future research to more deeply understand the implications of “The Journey to Self-Reliance” policy through a CDA lens
Keywords: Agro-ecology, Extension, Theory and Practice, Qualitative Research, Community Development
Sediment and carbon accumulation in a glacial lake in Chukotka (Arctic Siberia) during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene: combining hydroacoustic profiling and down-core analyses
Authors: Vyse Stuart A. , Herzschuh Ulrike , Pfalz Gregor , Pestryakova Lyudmila A. , Diekmann Bernhard , Nowaczyk Norbert , Biskaborn Boris K.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Lakes act as important sinks for inorganic and organic sediment components.
However, investigations of sedimentary carbon budgets within glacial lakes
are currently absent from Arctic Siberia. The aim of this paper is to
provide the first reconstruction of accumulation rates, sediment and carbon
budgets from a lacustrine sediment core from Lake Rauchuagytgyn, Chukotka
(Arctic Siberia). We combined multiple sediment biogeochemical and
sedimentological parameters from a radiocarbon-dated 6.5 m sediment core
with lake basin hydroacoustic data to derive sediment stratigraphy, sediment
volumes and infill budgets. Our results distinguished three principal
sediment and carbon accumulation regimes that could be identified across all
measured environmental proxies including early Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS2) (ca. 29–23.4 ka cal BP), mid-MIS2–early MIS1 (ca. 23.4–11.69 ka cal BP) and the Holocene (ca. 11.69–present). Estimated organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) were
higher within Holocene sediments (average 3.53 g OC m−2 a−1) than
Pleistocene sediments (average 1.08 g OC m−2 a−1) and are similar
to those calculated for boreal lakes from Quebec and Finland and Lake Baikal
but significantly lower than Siberian thermokarst lakes and Alberta glacial
lakes. Using a bootstrapping approach, we estimated the total organic carbon
pool to be 0.26 ± 0.02 Mt and a total sediment pool of 25.7 ± 1.71 Mt within a hydroacoustically derived sediment volume of ca. 32 990 557 m3. The total organic carbon pool is substantially smaller than Alaskan
yedoma, thermokarst lake sediments and Alberta glacial lakes but shares
similarities with Finnish boreal lakes. Temporal variability in sediment and
carbon accumulation dynamics at Lake Rauchuagytgyn is controlled
predominantly by palaeoclimate variation that regulates lake ice-cover
dynamics and catchment glacial, fluvial and permafrost processes through
time. These processes, in turn, affect catchment and within-lake primary
productivity as well as catchment soil development. Spatial differences compared to
other lake systems at a trans-regional scale likely relate to the
high-latitude, mountainous location of Lake Rauchuagytgyn.
Milankovitch, the father of paleoclimate modeling
Authors: Berger Andre
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The history of the long-term variations in the
astronomical elements used in paleoclimate research shows that, contrary to
what might be thought, Milutin Milankovitch is not the father of the
astronomical theory but he is definitely the father of paleoclimate modeling. He did not calculate these long-term variations himself but used them extensively
for calculating the “secular march” of incoming solar radiation. He advanced our understanding of Quaternary climate variations by two important and original contributions fully described in his Canon of insolation. These
are the definition and use of caloric seasons and the concept of the
“mathematical climate”. How his mathematical model allowed him to give the
caloric summer and winter insolation a climatological meaning is
illustrated.
Signals of Holocene climate transition amplified by anthropogenic land-use changes in the westerly–Indian monsoon realm
Authors: Burdanowitz Nicole , Rixen Tim , Gaye Birgit , Emeis Kay-Christian
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall is the
lifeline for people living on the Indian subcontinent today and was possibly
the driver of the rise and fall of early agricultural societies in the past.
The intensity and position of the ISM have shifted in response to orbitally
forced thermal land–ocean contrasts. At the northwestern monsoon margins,
interactions between the subtropical westerly jet (STWJ) and the ISM
constitute a tipping element in the Earth's climate system because their
non-linear interaction may be a first-order influence on rainfall. We
reconstructed marine sea surface temperature (SST), supply of terrestrial
material and vegetation changes from a very well-dated sediment core from
the northern Arabian Sea to reconstruct the STWJ–ISM interaction. The
Holocene record (from 11 000 years) shows a distinct, but gradual, southward
displacement of the ISM in the Early to Mid-Holocene, increasingly
punctuated by phases of intensified STWJ events that are coeval with
interruptions of North Atlantic overturning circulation (Bond events).
The effects of the non-linear interactions culminate between 4.6 and 3 ka BP,
marking a climatic transition period during which the ISM shifted southwards
and the influence of STWJ became prominent. The lithogenic matter input
shows an up to 4-fold increase after this time period, probably related to
the strengthened influence of agricultural activities of the Indus
civilization, with enhanced erosion of soils. This anthropogenic land-use
change is amplifying the impact of Bond events and adding to the marine
sedimentation rates adjacent to the continent.
Sedimentary microplankton distributions are shaped by oceanographically connected areas
Authors: Nooteboom Peter , Bijl Peter , Kehl Christian , van Sebille Erik , Ziegler Martin , von der Heydt Anna , Dijkstra Henk
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Having descended through the water column, microplankton in ocean sediments are representative for the ocean surface environment, where they originated from. Sedimentary microplankton is therefore used as an archive of past and present surface oceanographic conditions. However, these particles are advected by turbulent ocean currents during their sinking journey. So far, it is unknown to what extent this particle advection shapes the microplankton composition in sediments. Here we use global simulations of sinking particles in a strongly eddying global ocean model, and define ocean bottom provinces based on the particle surface origin locations. We find that these provinces can be detected in global datasets of sedimentary microplankton assemblages, demonstrating the effect provincialism has on the composition of sedimentary remains of surface plankton. These provinces explain the microplankton composition, together with e.g. ocean surface environment. Connected provinces have implications on the optimal spatial extent of microplankton sediment sample datasets that are used for palaeoceanographic reconstructions, and on the optimal spatial averaging of sediment samples over global datasets.
Minute Sea-Level Analysis (MISELA): a high-frequency sea-level analysis global dataset
Authors: Zemunik Petra , Šepić Jadranka , Pellikka Havu , Ćatipović Leon , Vilibić Ivica
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Sea-level observations provide information on a variety
of processes occurring over different temporal and spatial scales that may
contribute to coastal flooding and hazards. However, global research on
sea-level extremes is restricted to hourly datasets, which prevent
the quantification and analyses of processes occurring at timescales between a
few minutes and a few hours. These shorter-period processes, like seiches,
meteotsunamis, infragravity and coastal waves, may even dominate in
low tidal basins. Therefore, a new global 1 min sea-level dataset –
MISELA (Minute Sea-Level Analysis) – has been developed, encompassing
quality-checked records of nonseismic sea-level oscillations at tsunami
timescales (T<2 h) obtained from 331 tide-gauge sites (https://doi.org/10.14284/456, Zemunik et al., 2021b). This paper describes
data quality control procedures applied to the MISELA dataset, world and
regional coverage of tide-gauge sites, and lengths of time series. The
dataset is appropriate for global, regional or local research of
atmospherically induced high-frequency sea-level oscillations, which should
be included in the overall sea-level extremes assessments.
Modeling of additive height and numerical analysis of cooling parameters for aero blade remanufacturing
Authors: Gong Miao , Dai Shijie , Wang Tao , Wang Liwen
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Additive remanufacturing height and matching cooling parameters are the key factors affecting blade repair quality. First, the mathematical model of the single additive remanufacturing repair height and wire-feeding speed was established, the solution method was proposed and the numerical solution was obtained, and the validity of the model was verified by experiments. Then, based on the calculation results of a single additive remanufacturing repair, the geometric morphology of the cross section under double additive remanufacturing repair was analyzed, and the mathematical
model was established. Second, based on the optimal parameters obtained by
numerical analysis and the mathematical model, the fluid structure coupling
heat transfer model of “blade fixture” for base channel cooling was
established. The cooling effect of the typical section under different
initial temperatures and different flow rates was calculated, and the
coupled heat transfer in the process of blade remanufacturing was explained
by the mechanism. Third, through the comparative analysis of the cooling effect, optimal cooling parameters of double additive remanufacturing repair were obtained, and the model of coupled heat flow was verified by experiment. The results showed that the mathematical model of additive remanufacturing height is effective for studying the thermal cycle and cooling effect of welding, and the cooling parameters obtained by numerical analysis can effectively guarantee the quality of double additive remanufacturing of blade repair.
Effects of Foam Rolling Duration on Tissue Stiffness and Perfusion: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial
Authors: Schroeder Jan , Wilke Jan , Hollander Karsten
Published: August 2021

Despite its beneficial effects on flexibility and muscle soreness, there is still conflicting evidence regarding dose-response relationships and underlying mechanisms of foam rolling (FR). This study aimed to investigate the impact of different FR protocols on tissue perfusion and tissue stiffness. In a randomized crossover trial, two FR protocols (2x1 min, 2x3 min) were applied to the right anterior thigh of twenty healthy volunteers (11 females, 25 ± 4 years). Tissue perfusion (near infrared spectroscopy, NIRS) and stiffness (Tensiomyography, TMG and Myotonometry, MMT) were assessed before and after FR application. Variance analyses revealed a significant interaction of FR duration and tissue perfusion (F[1,19] = 7.098, p = 0.015). Local blood flow increased significantly from pre to post test (F[1,19] = 7.589, p = 0.013), being higher (Δ +9.7%) in the long-FR condition than in the short-FR condition (Δ +2.8%). Tissue stiffness (MMT) showed significant main effects for time (F[1,19] = 12.074, p = 0.003) and condition (F[1,19] = 7.165, p = 0.015) with decreases after short-FR (Δ -1.6%) and long-FR condition (Δ -1.9%). However, there was no time*dose-interaction (F[1,19] = 0.018, p = 0.895). No differences were found for TMG (p > 0.05). FR-induced changes failed to exceed the minimal detectable change threshold (MDC). Our data suggest that increased blood flow and altered tissue stiffness may mediate the effects of FR although statistical MDC thresholds were not achieved. Longer FR durations seem to be more beneficial for perfusion which is of interest for exercise professionals designing warm-up and cool-down regimes. Further research is needed to understand probable effects on parasympathetic outcomes representing systemic physiological responses to locally applied FR stimulations.
Experiência estética infantil e a relação com obra de arte nos espaços artísticos
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Ferreira de
Published: August 2021

O presente texto tem por objetivo apresentar uma reflexão sobre experiência estética na educação infantil, por meio do ato de garimpar e analisar a documentação pedagógica, que por sua vez carrega as minúcias e os indícios de experiências estéticas infantis, que são resultados de um projeto educativo de Ocupação de espaços públicos e culturais artísticos por crianças pequenas entre 4 e 6 anos na cidade de Piracicaba. As crianças participantes do referido projeto colaboraram no desenvolvimento da pesquisa de mestrado no qual é exposto o presente artigo. A discussão do direito à cidade e ocupação perpassa a ideia de formação estética como parte da formação integral de crianças pequenas. Walter Benjamin e Lev Vigotski foram considerados como aportes teóricos para embasar a construção conceitual da experiência estética infantil
A Study of the Risk Factors Predicting Amputation in Diabetic Foot
Authors: Reddy. T Amara Simha , G.K. Prashant
Published: August 2021

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are the main cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for major amputation in diabetic foot patients.
Materials & Methods: This open, single center, prospective and observational study conducted in Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Science, Karimnagar for a period from Nov. 2018 to Dec. 2020 The patients admitted in General Surgery with diabetic foot problems were selected for the study with proper consent of patients and his/her attendants.
Results: In this study Fifty patients were admitted to the diabetic wound in Department of Surgery for foot ulcers between Nov 2018 to Dec 2020. Among the 50 patients, Male: Female ratio was 4.6:1. out of which 41 (82.0%) were male, 18 (36.0%) belonged to the 50 to 59 years age group, 15 (30.0%) were having complaints for Ulcer, 15 (30.0%) were smoker. The Amputation rate was 42.0%.
Conclusion: In the results of analysis, poor glycemic control, peripheral arterial disease, peripheral neuropathy and higher Wagner grade are significant risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot infection.

Keywords: Diabetic foot, Wagner grading, HbA1c, TLC, Albumin.
Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention of University Undergraduate Students in Benue State Nigeria
Authors: Ojotu Ekeh Loveday , Tsetim James Tersoo , Kenneth Oguche Michael
Published: August 2021

This study examined the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention of university undergraduate students in Benue State, Nigeria. The study specifically examined the effect of entrepreneurship education on start-up intention and innovation intention among university undergraduate students in Benue State, Nigeria. The adopted the cross-sectional survey design involving university undergraduates in three universities in Benue State. The population of the study comprised of 957 final year students from Faculty of Management Sciences from JS Tarka University Makurdi (224), Benue State University Makurdi (631) and University of Mkar, Mkar (102). Applying Taro Yamene’s formula, a sample size of 282 was realized. The study employed questionnaire as the major instrument for data collection. The items on the questionnaire were all measured on a 5-point scale ranging from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree. Result of pilot study showed that the reliability for each of the constructs was above 0.70. Simple linear regression analysis was used in testing the data gathered from the survey. Analysis was done with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23). Findings revealed that entrepreneurship education has significant positive effect on start-up intention and innovation intention of university undergraduate students in Benue State, Nigeria. The study concludes that university undergraduate students’ intentions toward entrepreneurship can be enhanced using entrepreneurship education. This study is an initial call to elaborate an appropriate model of entrepreneurship education in universities in Benue State that will present a more practical and effective entrepreneurship education
OPTIMIZATION OF AN NPK-FERTILIZER PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: KYDYRALIYEVA Aziza D. , BESTEREKOV Uilesbek , BОLYSBEK Aidarbek A. , YESKENDIROVA Marina M. , URAKOV Kinis N.
Published: August 2021

Ammoniac saltpeter is the most widespread in the world and effective nitric fertilizer. However, ammonia saltpeter has a severe disadvantage – fire risk and explosion hazard that causes some difficulties and restrictions of both its consumers and its manufacturers. The purpose of the present work consisted in the studying the possibility of production of NPК-fertilizers with improved agrochemical properties and a controlled ratio of nutrients N/Р2О5/К2О produced based on an ammonia saltpeter solution, ground phosphate rock, and potassium chloride. The laboratory and industrial experiments were continued using a rotatable planning method – the Box-Hunter second-order modeling technique. The article contains the research results on the regulation of nutritious elements (N/(Р2О5+K2O)) ratios in the NPК-containing fertilizers produced based on an ammonia saltpeter solution, a ground phosphate rock, and potassium chloride. The effect of independent variables – specific consumptions of ammonia saltpeter, a ground phosphate rock, and potassium chloride – was studied. The adequate regression equation of influence of these factors on an N/(Р2О5+K2O) ratio in the end products was obtained. Boundary values of the ammonia saltpeter, a ground phosphate rock and potassium chloride specific consumptions in the initial mixtures were found at which the total content of nutritious elements in the target products is from 30% to 33% and the N/(Р2О5+K2O) ratio has the optimum value (1.14 - 3.50).
ASSESSMENT OF THE STRENGTH OF A COMPOSITE PACKAGE WITH INTERNAL DEFECTS ACCORDING TO VARIOUS FAILURES CRITERIA UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF UNSTEADY LOAD
Authors: MEDVEDSKIY Aleksandr L. , MARTIROSOV Mikhail I. , KHOMCHENKO Anton V. , DEDOVA Darina V.
Published: August 2021

One of the priority tasks of the modern aviation industry is to increase the economic efficiency of aircrafts. In the context of solving this problem, when creating new aircrafts, polymer composite materials (PCM) are increasingly used. Particular attention is paid to structural elements, damage to which can lead to a decrease in the strength of an airframe as a whole. Therefore, an essential task in the design, maintenance, and operation of the test is to study the effect of interlayer defects on the strength and behavior of PCM structures under the influence of unsteady loads. This work is devoted to a numerical analysis of the behavior of a plate made of a polymer composite material (PCM) under unsteady load considering interlayer defects of an elliptical shape, as well as an assessment of the strength of a composite package according to various fracture criteria. The problem is solved by the finite element method using the LS-DYNA software package. Then, using the method of mathematical modeling, the interlayer separation of an elliptical shape was analyzed, which allowed to evaluate the strength of the plate and fiber according to the criteria of Hashin, Puck, Chang-Chang, and LaRC03 and compare the results. It was found in the study, that the failure indices and safety factors, which were obtained using various criteria (Hashin and Chang-Chang), have the same distribution, since the dependence of the implemented fracture mode (fiber compression in the longitudinal direction) is identical. Analysis.
MOLECULAR MODELING, CONDUCTIVE MEASUREMENTS, AND UV-VIS SPECTERS OF ASCORBIC ACID FOR FORMATION OF COMPLEX CHEMICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: LIMA Sarah Giovanna Montenegro , CRUZ Thiago Jackson Torres , PEREIRA Francisco Claudece , SILVA Ademir Oliveira da , LIMA Francisco José Santos
Published: August 2021

Ascorbic acid, commonly known as vitamin C, is a weak acid and natural antioxidant that plays essential biological roles in the participation of collagen formation and the absorption of iron by the body. The objective of this work was to verify, through molecular modeling, partial loads and evaluation of PRM reactivity parameters, that it presents favorable electronic densities in stereochemically located positions, for the formation of metallic salts, associated with supposed complex systems. Its electrolytic properties showed a type 1: 1 behavior in freshly prepared aqueous millimolar solution. This is in agreement with the values of pH, Ka1 and Ka2 respectively, evaluated for an equilibrium situation through the program RAÍZES 1.0, developed by the authors. Thermal decomposition starts around 180-190oC and continues until reaching a temperature of 570.3 °C, in which a small experimental percentage of waste has been associated with the presence of reduced carbon. The absorption spectrum in the infrared region identified the main transitions attributed to C = O, C = C, OH, present in their functional groups. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum showed an intense band that occurs between 207 - 312 nm, with maximum absorption peak, Amax = 3,6123 at 249, and 250 nm. This band presents itself in the region where the n → π*, n → σ* and π → π* transitions occur associated with the chromophore groups. The strength of the oscillator f is comparable to those presented by chromophore groups that have intense molecular transitions, in which some types of molecules are used as dyes and other analogs used as sensitizers in solar photocells or devices emitting electromagnetic radiation.
ANTHROPIC EVALUATION IN THE PARANÁ COAST THROUGH THE ION PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION IN WATER RESOURCES
Authors: SILVA Ednilson Barros , ROCHA José Roberto Caetano da
Published: August 2021

The increase in pollution in water resources comes from practically all human activities, whether domestic, commercial, or industrial. The environment cannot absorb all pollutants, as each of these economic activities generates specific pollutants, which have certain environmental implications and directly affect the quality of any water resource. Population growth is another factor that leads to an increase in the generation of waste, of which domestic sewage, rich in nutrients and, when deposited irregularly, causes an imbalance in the water body that can be highlighted. This study aimed to identify the concentration of the phosphorus element in the form of the phosphate ion in the water resources of the coast of Paraná. To quantify this element, the spectrophotometric method of molybdenum blue was used. Samples from ten points of continental waters in the coastal region were evaluated, which suffer a greater or lesser anthropic influence. Tests were carried out from August 2017 to May 2019. In the analytical methodology, solutions of ammonium molybdate, ascorbic acid, nitric acid, and glycerin were used. When these solutions are mixed in samples or standard solutions that contain the element phosphorus, there is the formation of the blue molybdenum complex. Five repetitions were performed in each of the samples so that, in the end, the average value of the measurements was obtained. It was observed that the phosphorus concentrations through the phosphate ion showed results above 0.150 mg L-1, the maximum value of this macronutrient in water samples, recommended by the legislation, except for the result obtained in point 8 in November, whose concentration was 0.08 mg L-1. The results showed, therefore, that there is pollution in the sampled continental waters. As a consequence, it is possible to highlight that the high concentration of phosphate ion in the samples comes from human action, especially in those rivers that are closer to urban contingents.
SYNTHESIZED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS GROWTH STIMULATORS FOR WOODY PLANTS
Authors: VOSTRIKOVA Tatiana V. , KALAEV Vladislav N. , MEDVEDEVA Svetlana M. , NOVICHIKHINA Nadezhda P. , SHIKHALIEV Khidmet S.
Published: August 2021

The effect of synthesized organic compounds of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, its derivatives, and hydrogenated analogs on the height of seedlings of ornamental woody plants was studied. The height of seedlings as a morphometric parameter was measured 7 months after the start of the experiment. The pre-sowing seed treatment of Rhododendron ledebourii and Rhododendron smirnowii, with the studied compounds, demonstrated that dihydro- and tetrahydroquinoline with the concentration of 0.1% proved to be the most efficient. Dihydroquinolines at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1% proved to have the strongest effect. Dihydroquinolines for perennial woody plants are more effective, then tetrahydroquinolines. The most efficient synthesized chemical compounds for Rhododendron contain benzoyl substitute. For Rh. ledebourii and Rh. smirnowii the most effective are the same synthesized chemical compounds: 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, and 1-benzoyl-6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2- dihydroquinoline with concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1%. These compounds, when applied with the presowing seed treatment of Rh. ledebourii and Rh. smirnowii, result in an increase in the height of the seedlings by 3.6-89.3% and 14.3-57.1%, respectively. The effect of synthesized chemical compounds of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and its hydrogenated analog on woody plants of the same genus is not speciesspecific. It is suggested using the compounds of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, its derivatives, and hydrogenated analogs as growth stimulators for Rhododendron. The compounds of the quinoline series were tested for genotoxicity by the cytological method in the model object (Betula pendula) and recognized as environmentally friendly. The cytogenetic responses for Betula pendula and Rhododendron are identical, so positive compounds influence for Betula pendula cells because of increased metabolic activity means the same for Rhododendron. Therefore, synthesized organic compounds can be recommended as effective growth stimulators.
BIOINDICATIVE, ECOLOGICAL AND ANALYTICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF MINOR STREAMS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HAZARDOUS MAN-MADE OBJECTS
Authors: ANISHCHENKO Lidia , MOSKALENKO Igor , AVRAMENKO Marina , VOROCHAY Yuliya , PLAKHOTIN Aleksey
Published: August 2021

Water bodies are the most vulnerable mean in terms of human-made impact, and the collection of monitoring information on the state of biota and the hydrochemical regime is mandatory per the recommendations of the Water Framework Convention. The paper deals with the necessary arrangements for integrated monitoring and analysis of hydrobiological and environmental analytical databases for prognostic and remediation purposes at water observation points affected by human-made chemically hazardous technogenic object (chemical weapons). The purpose of this paper was to present data of hydrobiological and hydrochemical monitoring of rivers in the area of hazardous human-made objects (chemical weapons) as recommended by the Water Framework Convention for a comparative description of the reactions of European aquatic biota to stress effects. The use of hydrobiological indices and indices of biological diversity to record the anthropogenic impact on water has been validated. The features of environmental analytical data for additional analysis of monitoring specifications dynamics have been identified. The scale parameters of hydrobiological monitoring with the calculation of α-diversity, Shannon index, saprobity index should be based on a complete examination of aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation and flora. The analysis of the anthropogenic impact of a chemically hazardous human-made object in the Bryansk region (Russian Federation) on aquatic ecosystems over a long period of time using bioindication method (which consists in the assessment of species diversity, calculation of the Shannon index and water saprobity index) revealed that the technogenic component of the impact of reference points on watercourses is minimal.
TEST OF KNOWLEDGE OF ELEMENTARY VECTORS CONCEPTS AMONG FIRST-SEMESTER BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS
Authors: ALAM Ashraf
Published: August 2021

Physics, as an academic discipline, has its mathematical language, and vectors are its indispensable constituent, even at the pre-mandatory stage. This study aimed to obtain a clear and deep understanding of the perception of students' cognition about the facets of the vectors that form the basis of Newtonian mechanics. This study not only provides fundamental knowledge about the cognition of theoretical vector constructs among students, but also helps to improve existing pedagogies and, eventually, leading to students' discernment. The author developed a Test of Knowledge of Elementary Vector Concepts (TKEVC) that was delivered to engineering students in the first semester who were starting the required engineering physics course during the 1st week of class, before any instruction on vectors. TKEVC was administered to a sample of 476 students from 7 different engineering colleges and universities in India. The result obtained with this test states that only 37% of students enrolled in the engineering physics course have extensive knowledge of vectors to advance physics topics, specifically mechanics, while almost 67% of students enter the course without a complete understanding of the vector principles in any aspect. These findings have substantial implications for math and physics classes. The researcher discussed the questions asked to the students and their answers, emphasizing the conceptual and methodological errors they made. The results have substantial implications for the teaching of engineering mathematics and physics, the professional development of teachers, and the preparation of teams of teachers for engineering institutions.
THE RECONSTRUCTION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT BAJAKAH KALALAWIT (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB) BIOACTIVITY AS ETHNOMEDICINE
Authors: UNNES Sudarmin , SUMARNI Woro , DILIAROSTA Skunda , RAMADANTY Isabela
Published: August 2021

Indonesia has more than 25.000-30.000 plant species. The Indonesia tropical forest is a huge source for secondary metabolite compounds that are beneficial for health and life. One of the treasures is Bajakah (Uncaria gambir roxb), a plant endemic to Borneo that has been hereditarily believed to cure tumors and cancers. This research belongs to an educational study that reconstructed scientific knowledge about secondary metabolite compounds' bioactivities of Bajakah as ethnomedicine and aimed at reestablishing scientific research on bioactivities of Bajakah for cancer and tumor medication. The wood and root of Bajakah Kalalawit of the National Conservation Forest, Samarinda, Indonesia, were taken as the sample. The root and wood powder was isolated and extracted for their secondary metabolite compounds using water, ethanol + water, and ethanol + hexane as the solvents. The resulted isolates were tested for the phytochemical, structure, and bioactivity towards Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli (E.Colli). The results were supported by structure tests with FTIR spectroscopy, which showed the appearance of uptake of functional groups for hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aromatics that corresponded to secondary metabolite molecules. The analysis of the obtained data concluded that the Bajakah root and the wood extract contain the inhibitory activity of cancer cells and tumors because they contain compounds of secondary metabolites, including terpenes, phenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The secondary metabolite compounds from the Bajakah isolates were able to inhibit the activity of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli (E.Colli).
A NOVEL ANALYTIC METHOD FOR SOLVING LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR TELEGRAPH EQUATION
Authors: Al-JABERI Ahmed K. , HAMEED Ehsan M. , Abdul-WAHAB Mohammed S.
Published: August 2021

The modeling of many phenomena in various fields such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, engineering, biology, and astronomy is done by the nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE). The hyperbolic telegraph equation is one of them, where it describes the vibrations of structures (e.g., buildings, beams, and machines) and are the basis for fundamental equations of atomic physics. There are several analytical and numerical methods are used to solve the telegraph equation. An analytical solution considers framing the problem in a well-understood form and calculating the exact resolution. It also helps to understand the answers to the problem in terms of accuracy and convergence. These analytic methods have limitations with accuracy and convergence. Therefore, a novel analytic approximate method is proposed to deal with constraints in this paper. This method uses the Taylors' series in its derivation. The proposed method has used for solving the secondorder, hyperbolic equation (Telegraph equation) with the initial condition. Three examples have presented to check the effectiveness, accuracy, and convergence of the method. The solutions of the proposed method also compared with those obtained by the Adomian decomposition method (ADM), and the Homotopy analysis method (HAM). The technique is easy to implement and produces accurate results. In particular, these results display that the proposed method is efficient and better than the other methods in terms of accuracy and convergence.
CREATION OF A COMPUTER-ASSISTED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE RAW MATERIALS BIOLOGICAL PROCESSING
Authors: TLEBAYEV Manat B. , BIIBOSUNOV Bolotbek I. , TASZHUREKOVA Zhazira K. , BAIZHARIKOVA Marina A. , AITBAYEVA Zamira K.
Published: August 2021

During anaerobic fermentation, the alternation of liquid and solid substances in the substrate makes the bacteria adapt to changing conditions, which significantly reduces the biogas yield, reduces the methane concentration in it, and increases the retention time of the substrate in the bioreactor. The solution to this problem when using cavitation destruction can not only minimize temperature nonuniformity but also solve the problem of the same load on the biocenosis and maximum contact surface of bacteria during anaerobic fermentation in the bioreactor. Studies have shown that the composition and quantity of biogas are not constant and depend on the type of substrate being processed and the biogas production technology. To stabilize the composition of the resulting biogas and bring it to a high-quality, independent alternative energy source, it is possible using
membrane destruction or crushing of organic raw materials. The energy consumption, fermentation time, and methane concentration in the final biogas output depend on the primary treatment. This work proposes a mathematical model of the process of crushing, dispersing, and blending waste from dairy and fattening farms, which allows to determine and optimize its operating parameters, as well as to promote effective anaerobic fermentation of the substrate in the bioreactor. To determine the mathematical model for the raw materials biological processing with known theoretical or experimental parameters, numerical methods were used, which are one of the powerful mathematical tools for solving the problem. The results of the operational parameters of the studied processes were obtained using the Mathcad environment and tested in the SCADA Trace Mode 6.10.1 automated process control and monitoring software package.
STUDY ON ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITIONS OF SAGE (SALVIA NEMOROSA L.) COLLECTED FROM THE NORTH WEST OF IRAN AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES
Authors: GHAFIYEHSANJ Elham , DILMAGHANI Kamaladdin , CHAPARZADEH Nader , SAADATMAND Sara
Published: August 2021

Salvia nemorosa L. or wood sage is a rich source of antimicrobial and antioxidant metabolites. Considering the importance of this medicinal plant and phytochemical diversity among its populations for local consumption and breeding porpuses this study was performed to determine and compare essential oil (EO) compositions of sage plants collected from four regions in the northwest of Iran including Ahar, Zonouz, Urmia, and Ardabil at two growth stages (vegetative and flowering) to finally demonstrate the effects of growth and location on EO features. The results showed the EO content of flowers in the studied regions were the highest in comparison with vegetative and flowering stages leaves. The percentage and the number of volatile compositions in the OE of flowers were those that presented the highest quantity. In Zonouz, 87.13% and 12 compositions while in Aahar, 80.20%, and 19 compositions. The lowest percentage and the number of volatile compositions in the OE of the flowers were seen in Urmia, 78.56%, and 13 compositions, while in Ardabil, these numbers were 68.61% and 10 compositions, respectively. Caryophyllene oxide had the highest content in all essential oils extracted, being the highest in the flowering stage leaves of the regions of Zonouz, Ardabil, and Urmia, respectively. In Ahar, unlike other areas, the most significant percentage of this compound was in the leaves of the vegetative stage. The oxygenated sesquiterpenes increased in the EO content of the flowers of the Urmia (46.31%), Ardabil (45.60%) and Zonouz (42.59%) regions. In contrast to other areas, for the Ahar region, the highest amount (36.18%) of oxygenated sesquiterpenes was observed in the EO of the leaves of the flowering stage. It can be concluded that different plant growth stages, plant harvest time, environmental conditions, primary habitat, and differences in climatic conditions can contribute to the concentration, type, and percentage of volatile compounds in the salvia EO.
ADSORPTION OF HORMONE 17α-METHYLTESTOSTERONE IN SOILS
Authors: ALBERTON Matheus Borghezan , LINDINO Cleber Antonio
Published: August 2021

With the increase in fish production in fish farming systems, mainly tilapia, the use of the hormone 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) as an inducer of the masculinization of fry has grown together. The probability of contamination of natural resources also tends to increase, and there is no Brazilian law that regulates the content of this hormone in waters. The study of the interaction of the hormone with the typical soil of the producing regions is essential to understand the factors that influence its adsorption. This work used two samples of Eutropherric Red Oxisols and the conditions of the interaction of the hormone in static (resting), and dynamic (agitation) processes were evaluated, using isothermal models. The results showed that the higher organic matter content of the soil and the higher salinity of the aqueous medium increases the adsorption of MT in the soil in the static process. For the dynamic process, the Fe content influences the higher adsorption in soil. The pH of the medium does not affect the adsorption in any of the processes. The adsorption has exothermic characteristics, and the adsorption equilibrium is reached in 24 hours, and the Freundlich model for the soil 1 sample and the Temkin model for the soil 2 sample is the most suitable for the adsorption process. According to parameters calculated for the Dubinin isotherm, soil adsorption tends to have chemical interactions between adsorbent-adsorbate. These results show concern for the amount of adsorbed hormone sediment in fish farming tanks and their release to the water body, with the possibility of contamination of natural resources.
ODOR CONTROL IN FOODS USING DIETARY FIBERS
Authors: BOITSOVA Tatyana Maryanovna , PROKOPETS Zhanna Georgievna , ZHURAVLEVA Svetlana Valerevna , LYAKH Vladimir Alekseevich
Published: August 2021

The aim of the present work is to determine the ability of wheat bran to eliminate an unpleasant fish smell by converting volatile extractive substances to nonvolatile ones, as well as the effect of wheat bran on the nutritional value of thermally treated samples of minced muscle tissue of fish. The main methods for research include the Kjeldahl’s method for determining the content of nitrogenous extractives, the gas-liquid chromatography for determining the composition of fatty acids, and the test organism of Tetrahymena pyriformis ciliate for determining the relative biological value. As a result, the ability of dietary fibers to eliminate an unpleasant fish smell by converting volatile nitrogenous extractives into nonvolatile ones has been shown by the example of wheat bran: in a series of experiments to identify the dependence of the content of trimethylamine oxide and nitrogen of volatile bases in samples of minced muscle tissue of the navaga, depending on the proportion of added wheat bran, it has been found that in all samples there is a decrease in the content of extractives with an increase in the mass fraction of wheat bran. Moreover, unmilled bran more actively contributes to the process of neutralizing odor. The fatty acid composition of the lipids of the Far Eastern navaga Eleginus gracilis, wheat bran and their mixture, and the effect on the relative biological value determined on the test organism of experimental samples after thermal treatment (scalding and boiling) have been identified.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR DETERMINATION THE OPTIMAL PERIOD OF PREPARING FODDER FROM PERENNIAL GRASSES
Authors: KHUDYAKOVA Elena V. , KHUDYAKOVA Hatima K. , SHITIKOVA Aleksandra V. , SAVOSKINA Olga A. , KONSTANTINOVICH Anastasiia V.
Published: August 2021

The effectiveness of cattle breeding is mostly determined Forage base. Currently, cattle productivity in the Russian Federation is increasing, and this requires a more careful approach to assessing the quality of feed. This primarily applies to such types of feed like hay, silage, haylage, which make up 60-85% in the average daily diet of livestock. The nutritional value of these types of feed depends mostly on the content and ratio of crude protein and crude fiber in perennial grasses when they are harvested. In the early phases of plant development, crude protein predominates in its composition, and the fiber content is insufficient. Therefore, mowing perennial grasses in these terms is irrational. With the growth and development of the plant, its transition to the heading stage, the crude protein content decreases with increasing fiber content. Harvesting perennial grasses at a time when they contain a large amount of fiber and low protein is also irrational since the low protein content in feed does not contribute to the growth of animal productivity. The optimum time for harvesting herbs is considered to be the time when the crude protein content is 14-16%, and crude fiber – 26-28%. Determination the content of these elements is a rather laborious and expensive process, the analysis lasts about three days. Only large agricultural enterprises can afford to carry out such analyses. At the same time, today, there are technologies for remote sensing of crops, which in this case can be carried out using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Currently, with their help, the nitrogen content in plants is determined. The authors of this paper propose a digital technique for remote determination of crude fiber and crude protein, which determines the optimal timing of the harvesting herbs.