bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF GROUP-BASED HOPE INTERVENTION ON DEPRESSION IN FEMALE INMATES
Authors: Sinaga Mei Rianita Elfrida , Andriany Megah , Nurrahima Artika
Published: August 2020

Background: Life in prison may cause negative feelings and thoughts which triggers depression for female inmates. This results in difficulty in finding purpose in life and loss of interest or motivation. Group-based hope intervention seems to be effective in decreasing depression, but it has not yet been applied in female inmates in a prison.

Objective: To determine the effect of group-based hope intervention on depression level in female inmates.

Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental study with pre-test post-test and control group design. Eighty-eight participants were selected using proportionate stratified random sampling, with 44 assigned into intervention and control groups. Data were collected from September to November 2019.  The level of depression was measured using Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Mann Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analyses.

Results: Both group-based hope intervention in the intervention group and routine intervention in the control group has a significant effect on depression level (p<.01). However, further analysis showed that the group-based hope intervention was much more effective than the routine group in decreasing depression level in female inmates (p<.01).

Conclusion: Group-based hope intervention is effective in lowering the depression in female inmates. Therefore, this therapy can be used as a valuable intervention in nursing practice, especially in a correctional setting.
Academic freedom: doctrinal and legislative scopes
Authors: O. F. Melnychuk
Published: August 2020

The article outlines the status and importance of scientific research and legislative regulation of academic freedom. It is pointed out that academic freedom in the national constitutional and legal doctrine has been studied very insufficiently due to some destructive factors, including inertia and conservatism of the post-Soviet centralized system of educational management, closed academic environment, long-term lack of standardization of academic freedom in the Ukraine’s legislation, superficial comprehension of the academic freedom as a value in the academic environment and in Ukrainian society in general, etc.
The absence in the Constitution of Ukraine as well as in most of the constitutions of foreign countries of a separate article proclaiming academic freedom does not contribute to the development of the theory of academic freedom. In this regard, disclosure of the essence of academic freedom is possible through a systematic interpretation of certain constitutional norms.
Some activation of the scientific research began when the educational reforms were implemented in Ukraine, especially the Law of Ukraine “On Higher Education”, which provided the basis for modernization of the educational legislation and legalized the concept of academic freedom, was adopted. The development of the right to academic freedom in Ukraine is facilitated both by law-making activity, which is based on updating the educational legislation, as well as generating and disseminating scientific ideas on this issue in the constitutional and legal doctrine in the direction of ensuring pluralism of thoughts. Today, the concept, essence and content of academic freedom are interpreted by scholars differently. Each of them contributes to the development of the concept of academic freedom.
The concepts, components and content of academic freedom are highlighted. Academic freedom is not permissiveness, but rather a choice of behavior and personal responsibility for the result. It is non-absolute and has its objective and subjective limits. However, any restrictions are justified only in order to ensure the adequate recognition and respect of the rights and freedoms of others, satisfaction of the just requirements of morality, public order and general well-being in a democratic society.
The author’s definition of the right to academic freedom as a legally guaranteed opportunity for the participants of the educational process to carry out scientific research, teaching, training freely, without any external interference, taking into account the restrictions established by law is suggested.
Key words: academic freedom, freedom of scientific research, freedom of teaching, freedom of learning, right to academic freedom.
Development of legal institutions of Ukraine as consequence of historical events
Authors: V. Y. Vasetsky
Published: August 2020

The emergence of Ukraine as an independent sovereign state is connected with important historical events that have significantly influenced its present. The purpose is to study the dynamics of the gradual historical development of the legal institutions of Ukraine, focusing on important historical events that significantly influenced the emergence and development of our country's statehood and its strengthening in the future.
Historically, the development of local self-government in the territory of Ukraine-Russia is closely linked to the situation on these lands, which occurred after the Tatar-Mongol invasion of 1240 and the actual destruction of Kievan Rus. The distribution of Magdeburg law in Ukrainian cities is considered, which is related to the influence of the processes inherent in European states of that time.
The importance of Philip Orlik's Constitution for the democratic development of both Ukraine and European countries is considered. This document is a source of law not only in Ukrainian but also in European history and is important both in terms of Ukraine's internal development and its impact on the processes of becoming democratic European countries. In legal terms, the importance is to solve one of the most important issues - to justify the role of representative power as a prototype of the future Ukrainian parliament.
It is emphasized that the most significant events concerning the establishment of Ukraine as a sovereign independent state occur in its recent history: after the First World War 1914 - 1918, when Ukraine became an independent state; as a result of the collapse of the USSR in the late twentieth century and the final creation of independent states on the ruins of the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of a new era of Ukrainian statehood.
The formation in April 1917 of the Central Rada as the highest territorial authority in Ukraine was the source of a number of legal documents on the way to the independence of Ukraine, four Universals were adopted, which gradually brought Ukraine closer to an independent state. Universals of the Ukrainian Central Rada are political and legal documents of programmatic character of 1917-1918, defining changes in the state and legal status of Ukrainian lands of the former Russian Empire. The most important milestone on the path to the formation of an independent Ukrainian state was the adoption by the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR on the eve of the final collapse of the Soviet Union a well-known document of historical significance - the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine and the adoption of the Act of Declaration of Ukraine on August 24, 1991.
It is concluded that on the long road of gradual historical and legal development in Ukraine law has been formed as a sign of its statehood and which is of great national value.
Keywords: formation of the state and legal institutions, Magdeburg law, Constitution of Phillip Orlik, creation of independent state.
Theoretical aspect of unification of legislation.
Authors: N.O. Kleshchenko
Published: August 2020

The article examines the theoretical aspect of unification and its impact on the effectiveness of legislation. It is noted that regardless of the place of creation, the legislative process has always been and remains a difficult task, the solution of which requires a comprehensive approach. Unification is studied from a philological and legal point of view.
It is emphasized that unification has been actively studied with the development of international organizations, and is an effective way to regulate legislation and integration into the international legal space, as expressed in the joint cooperation of different countries through the adoption of similar legal acts. It is now widespread in the legal systems of countries such as Denmark, Sweden, Finland, where maritime, trade, contractual, binding legislation, etc. are unified. Unification directly affects the quality of legislation, as well as contributes to the convergence of legal systems. In general, it can be described as a way of converging legal systems by forming a uniform legal regulation within the relevant legal space.
The points of view of legal scholars on the definition of the concept of unification of legislation are considered. Unification is characterized as a process of streamlining legislation in order to uniformly regulate social relations in different legal systems. Emphasis is placed on the mandatory implementation of unified norms in the domestic law of the state.
Key words: unification of legislation, legal regulation, implementation, system of legislation.
Legal doctrine, legal science and protection of human rights (efficiency ratio)
Authors: N. Onischenko
Published: August 2020

The current state of Ukrainian society requires the scientific community to find answers to the general social impulses needed for reform strategies: from unconstructive attempts to replace the state with civil society to efforts aimed at their balanced interaction. It is the principle of social and political balance in the relationship between the rule of law and civil society should be the basis for correcting and correcting the unstable economic situation, overcoming acute social conflicts, establishing the rule of law, building a democratic state.
It should be noted that it is quite clear that sometimes the implementation of a right requires at least not one, but clearly several opportunities, such as: economic, educational, social, gender, etc., existing in the relevant spatio-temporal continuum.
Moreover, there is an indisputable thesis that there are no secondary or non-first-class or type of human rights, so every unrealized, not realized in time or not fully realized right, without a doubt, is based on the lack of, first of all, the corresponding real opportunities. It is also clear that the implementation of a certain right depends, for example, on the relevant regulations.
we note that state-building processes, their dynamics, progressive trends depend on many factors. In this context, the interconnectedness of the development of a democratic, legal, social, European state and the formation of a mature, active, civil society was considered.
Keywords: legal science, legal doctrine, human rights, rights and opportunities, legal development.
Formalism and realism as a style of judicial interpretation: theoretical-applicable aspect
Authors: O. Kopytova
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to revealing the features of formalism and realism as styles of judicial interpretation. It is proved that the effective and enforceability of the law as a whole depends on the effective enforcement. Judicial enforcement is the last stage of enforcement as a whole. The court, through judicial enforcement, reveals the content of a rule of law in its course of action, completes it or establishes its true meaning through interpretation.
It is argued that the use of formalism and realism as styles of judicial interpretation leads to the formation of two independent styles of justice. It is stated that, in the practical plane, the distinction between formalism and realism looks so that the judge should start from the written text of the act, applying the priority of the principle of legality. The will of the "author of the text" is also taken into account. Formalism, given the rapid nature of social relations and therefore the change in legal reality, is generally associated with the risk of making unfair judgments. Judicial realism, on the contrary, considers it possible for judges to appeal to considerations of morality, policy and the like. It is proved that a realistic approach is necessarily linked with voluntarism that exists in "hard" and "soft" forms. This gives you the opportunity to be a realistic approach, radical or moderate. If the judge is empowered to set the contents (meaning) of the text that is interpreted, it is absolutely arbitrary – arbitrary, that is, without any connection with the semantics of the text, then voluntarism is evident in "hard" form. Judicial realism is able to use strong arguments, and is therefore able to meet the requirements of justice and (or) the effective court decisions in the socio-economic and political circumstances change rapidly. Popular here is the application context of the application of the law. These approaches in the theory of law also called static and dynamic (one that fits right to life) ways of interpretation. At the same time, we must not forget about the possibility of a miscarriage of justice during the administration of justice. It is a properly defined legally significant circumstances in connection with this incorrect conclusion of the court made on the basis of given factual circumstances.
A realistic approach is necessarily linked with voluntarism that exists in "hard" and "soft" forms. This gives you the opportunity to be a realistic approach, radical or moderate. If the judge is empowered to set the contents (meaning) of the text that is interpreted, it is absolutely arbitrary – arbitrary, that is, without any connection with the semantics of the text, then voluntarism is evident in "hard" form. Example of rigid forms of realism may be the use of judicial discretion when the court and not the legislator is actually created a new rule of conduct.
Key words: judicial interpretation, judicial enforcement, formalism, realism, styles judicial interpretation, voluntarism.
Methodological framework of the legal category «human dignity»
Authors: M. A. Marchenko
Published: August 2020

Today, having overcome painful and thorny way, legal awareness achieved certain victories and continues steadily moving towards the direction prescribed by the European values. However, the issue of fundamental human rights and liberties protection, including human dignity, becomes even more relevant. Threats and challenges daily faced by the whole nationalities, certain social groups of various countries, ethnic communities etc. induce them to seek answers, mechanisms and protection techniques in the legal sphere. For this reason, the issues of legal research methodology improvement, i.e. modernization of the scientific arsenal aimed at scientific and educational activities’ optimization, are of paramount importance.
This article covers one of the overriding problems that are represented in contemporary scientific legal studies, more specifically, methodological framework of scientific and educational activities. Specific features of any legal phenomenon or category, like human dignity, sometimes require unique cognition methods to be intelligently selected by a researcher intending to achieve scientific objectives that were clearly defined previously. Correctness of choice of scientific practices and ways of developing “the truth of science” is a core component in solving scientific research problems.
The article points up that in the comprehensive study of such legal category as human dignity, addressing universal (philosophical) approaches, general scientific and specific (specific scientific) methods is of vital importance. However, it is emphasized that diversity of research methods should not develop into methodical ignorance and anarchism as the application of any given method should meet specific scientific problems.
At the same time, application of various scientifically grounded methods as part of study of the legal category of “human dignity” contributes to more comprehensive understanding of the legal category in question as an integral part of the ideological content of any legal system in the democratic society where the subjects endowed with rights and obligations have a chance to implement them in clearly defined legal relations.
The author specifies the sense of application of philosophical approaches when studying the legal category of “dignity” indicating that such approaches should be made more specific by combination of general scientific and specific scientific methods.
Keywords: legal sphere, rights and liberties, human dignity, approaches, methods.
The Essential Characteristics of the Legal Doctrine
Authors: T. I. Tarakhonych
Published: August 2020

The article describes the scientific approaches to understanding of the legal doctrine. It is underlined that the legal doctrine should be regarded as a system of conceptual ideas, views on law, which have been formed for a certain period, has a meaningful content and the practical dimension.
The author emphasis its features. The legal doctrine is a collection of certain ideas, views, and provisions; is a scientifically interpreted and recognized by the scientific community; it is formed because of fundamental scientific researches of both theoretical and sectoral character, it is part of the system of law sources. It is able to meet the new conditions of the development of society and state, which testifies to its active nature and ability to change, has functional orientation and genetic connection, since ideas arise, formed, have certain continuity, dynamism and variability; it should be a fundamental basis for legal, law-enforcement, and legal interpretation activity.
It is underlined that the process of the legal doctrine formation is characterized by the stages of origin, formation and its practical implementation beginning from the antiquity and to our times. It is caused by the peculiarities of the legal doctrine, long period of its formation, the possibility of using of its ideas and provisions in legal, law-enforcement and interpretation practice.
The particular attention is paid to the basic functions of legal doctrine, i.e. ontology, gnoseological, anthropological, axiological, methodological, predictive, etc.
Keywords: Doctrine, Legal Doctrine, Law, Peculiarities of Legal Doctrine, Formation Stages of Legal Doctrine, Functions of Legal Doctrine.
Doctrinal documents and doctrinal legal acts: theoretical and methodological analysis of content and correlation of concepts
Authors: V. M. Ternavska
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the essence of legal doctrine and its role in forming the legal policy of the state. Legal doctrine as a system of dominant perceptions of law in society plays a multifunctional role in the legal life of society: transforming qualitatively positive social and professional sense of justice, legal doctrine contributes to the formation of the foundations of law-making and to improving the practice of law-enforcement and law-implementation.
In Ukraine legal doctrine is not officially recognized as the source (form) of law. At the same time, modern European integration processes actualize the issue of need to rethink the essence and purpose of the legal doctrine, its role in the law-making process of the Ukrainian state, since the concept of human-centrism, which occupies a chief place in the European doctrine of law, encourages the Ukrainian authorities not only to reform national legislation according to the European and international standards, but also to fill the laws and other legal acts with new content. Therefore, the author puts the aim to substantiate the importance of legal doctrine that forms the Ukraine’s legal policy, because this issue has not only theoretical but also applied character.
The content of such categories as “doctrinal documents” and “doctrinal legal acts” are analyzed in the context of their common and distinctive features, as well as their role in forming and implementing the state’s legal policy. It is noted that the legal doctrine, produced by scientific collectives, acquires the form of doctrinal documents – concepts and doctrines, which play a leading role in forming the bases of law-making and improving law-enforcement practice. Doctrinal documents should form the conceptual foundations for the development of legislation, and therefore, being approved by the authorities, they are transformed into doctrinal legal acts and attain binding nature. There defined doctrinal documents as a form of legal policy, while doctrinal legal acts are the means of legal policy.
Doctrinal acts include norms-principles, norms-goals, norms-definitions and other norms of a general nature, which determine the actual problems in a certain sphere of public administration and propose a set of measures needed to solve these issues in the future. Doctrinal legal acts contain conceptual scientifically substantiated provisions that serve as the basis for the development and adoption of specific normative legal acts of a regulatory nature for reforming relevant sectors of the economy.
Practical problems of implementing the majority of doctrinal legal acts are noted. It is proposed to solve the problem of legalization of doctrinal legal acts by defining their hierarchical place in the system of normative legal acts due to adopting the long-awaited Law of Ukraine “On Normative Legal Acts”.
Keywords: legal policy of the state, legal doctrine, doctrinal documents, doctrinal legal acts, means of realization of legal policy.
Quintesence of linguistic examination as an integral component of the legislative process of Ukraine
Authors: Furgan Shirali ogli. Abdullazade
Published: August 2020

The article examines the essence and importance of linguistic expertise as an integral part of the legislative process. In particular, it has been established that in world practice, linguistic control of rulemaking is a compulsory phenomenon. However, the legal status of the linguistic expertise of the draft laws has not yet been determined in Ukraine.
It has been found out that linguistic examination of draft laws involves studying the system of linguistic representation of legal concepts and categories in normative legal acts, application of basic methods of legislative style, as well as methods of complex linguistic and stylistic processing of legal texts, editorial analysis. The object of linguistic expertise is linguistic units of different levels (word, phrase, sentence, complex semantic, text). Its main task is to prevent violations of language rules in the text of the draft law. We are talking about linguistic errors in draft normative acts, semantic ambiguity, inaccuracy and ambiguity of formulations, tautology, grammatical errors, etc.
It is established that the introduction of linguistic expertise of bills is an effective method of ensuring the quality of legislation. At the same time, it is emphasized that it is inappropriate to prepare draft laws on contractual, including paid basis by appropriate scientific and research institutions at the expense of penalties from those MPs who do not attend meetings of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
In view of this, it is proposed to create a structural unit (committee) in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which would professionally carry out linguistic examination of bills. This structural unit should be formed in the light of positive foreign experience. In particular, it is proposed to include philologists and jurists in its composition. After all, as the foreign experience has shown, the cooperation of linguists and jurists will give an opportunity to comprehensively approach the improvement of legal language.
In addition, it was stressed the need to consolidate the requirement of linguistic expertise in the content of the draft Law of Ukraine «On Laws and Legislative Activity».
Key words: linguistic expertise of normative legal acts, linguistic expertise of the draft law, legislative process, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, quality assurance of legal regulations.
Problems of creation of the High Qualifications Commission of Judges of Ukraine in the Conditions of New Judicial Reform
Authors: D. L Vitiuk , R. V. Vitiuk
Published: August 2020

Analyzing the provisions of Article 131 of the Constitution of Ukraine, it can be concluded that the constitutional powers to ensure the selection of judges, their professional training and evaluation are within the competence of the High Qualifications Commission of Judges of Ukraine. At the same time, the legal status of an authority that is vested with constitutional powers to form a judicial branch does not have the legal position of the Constitution of Ukraine, which creates legal uncertainty in the status of such an authority.
According to the authors, the authority of the High Qualifications Commission of Judges of Ukraine and the High Council of Justice to make a submission (recommendation) on the appointment of a judge is duplicate. Such a procedure demonstrates the excessive formalization of the process of appointment to the position of judge and requires the constitutional separation of the functions of the High Council of Justice and the High Qualifications Commission of Judges of Ukraine, reflecting the respective powers in the relevant legislation (Laws of Ukraine "On the High Judicial Council" and Law of Ukraine "On Judiciary and Status of Judges" ).
A special place in the article is given to the procedure of formation of the High Qualification Commission of Judges of Ukraine and the imperfection of such procedure, stipulated by the current legislation of Ukraine. In particular, in the opinion of the authors, the formation of state agency whose competence is assigned to constitutional functions is the right to participate in the management of public affairs and, accordingly, is a constitutional right that effectively integrates the political rights of the citizen, guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. Such shortcomings threaten the formation of both the High Qualifications Commission of Judges of Ukraine in particular and the formation of the judicial branch in general.
Keywords: High Qualifications Commission of Judges, High Council of Justice, staffing, judicial reform.
To the issue of the state control over the observance of information legislation: the concept, certain types and forms
Authors: T. А. KOSTETSKA
Published: August 2020

The relevance of the article’s material caused by the problem of implementing an effective national state policy in the field of information society development, improvement of control activity of public authorities on the functioning of subjects of information activity, observance of the requirements of the current legislation.
The versatility and multidimensionality of control in the information sphere and its direction – state control over observance of information legislation are emphasizing. The constitutional and legal nature of the investigated control is emphasizing.
In the scientific literature such control is sometimes called as "information control", "infocommunication control".
There is an insufficient theoretical and applied development of the legal aspects of the described phenomenon, the absence in modern science of a comprehensive analysis of the constitutional and legal problems of control activities in the specified sphere of public relations.
It is substantiating that methodologically, the study of these institutions should be base on existing significant developments in legal science regarding the characteristics of control as a function of social and public administration.
The existing conceptual approaches to the definition of "state control in the information sphere", its types, are analyzing.
The author's definition of appropriate concept, as well as the concept of state control over the observance of information legislation, control and supervision activities were formulated.
It is specifying that the legal nature of state control in the information sphere should be consider in the correlation of such concepts as "supervision" and "control". Based on the analysis of the legal content of these categories was substantiated that in the complex, they can be considered as the appropriate control and oversight activities. A description of the legal means of its implementation is given.
Separate attention is focuses to the kind of state control - parliamentary control in the relevant sphere. Emphasizes its leading role in the system of state control over compliance with information legislation.
The subjects, the basic forms and methods of control and supervision activity, its legal bases are outlining. Emphasizes the need for constant attention from experts to the problems of implementation, improvement of this institute.
The main directions of improvement of both state control over observance of information legislation and control in general in the investigated sphere of relations in general are outlining.

key words: informative sphere, state control, information legislation, parliamentary control
Earth Observation Data Supporting Non-Communicable Disease Research: A Review
Authors: Sogno Patrick , Traidl-Hoffmann Claudia , Kuenzer Claudia
Published: August 2020

A disease is non-communicable when it is not transferred from one person to another. Typical examples include all types of cancer, diabetes, stroke, or allergies, as well as mental diseases. Non-communicable diseases have at least two things in common—environmental impact and chronicity. These diseases are often associated with reduced quality of life, a higher rate of premature deaths, and negative impacts on a countries’ economy due to healthcare costs and missing work force. Additionally, they affect the individual’s immune system, which increases susceptibility toward communicable diseases, such as the flu or other viral and bacterial infections. Thus, mitigating the effects of non-communicable diseases is one of the most pressing issues of modern medicine, healthcare, and governments in general. Apart from the predisposition toward such diseases (the genome), their occurrence is associated with environmental parameters that people are exposed to (the exposome). Exposure to stressors such as bad air or water quality, noise, extreme heat, or an overall unnatural surrounding all impact the susceptibility to non-communicable diseases. In the identification of such environmental parameters, geoinformation products derived from Earth Observation data acquired by satellites play an increasingly important role. In this paper, we present a review on the joint use of Earth Observation data and public health data for research on non-communicable diseases. We analyzed 146 articles from peer-reviewed journals (Impact Factor ≥ 2) from all over the world that included Earth Observation data and public health data for their assessments. Our results show that this field of synergistic geohealth analyses is still relatively young, with most studies published within the last five years and within national boundaries. While the contribution of Earth Observation, and especially remote sensing-derived geoinformation products on land surface dynamics is on the rise, there is still a huge potential for transdisciplinary integration into studies. We see the necessity for future research and advocate for the increased incorporation of thematically profound remote sensing products with high spatial and temporal resolution into the mapping of exposomes and thus the vulnerability and resilience assessment of a population regarding non-communicable diseases.
Good Neighbor House: Reimagining Settlement Houses for 21st Century Communities
Authors: Polson Edward , Scales Laine
Published: August 2020

Scholars have documented many challenges facing communities in the 21st century including increasing inter-group conflict, declining levels of social trust, growing skepticism of institutions, and diminishing public resources. Such challenges threaten to weaken social ties and undermine relationships at the local level. We contend there is a significant opportunity and a need for the development of innovative models of community practice which emphasize bringing residents together and strengthening mutually beneficial relationships in neighborhoods and communities. Moreover, we believe Christian community practitioners and faith-based organizations have unique contributions to make. In this paper, we propose one faith-based model, a reimagining for 21st century communities the settlement house model that first emerged in the late 19th century. Drawing on the history of the settlement house movement and the experiences of one faith-based house in Texas, the Good Neighbor House, we explore and suggest strategies for Christian community practitioners in 21st century communities.
How Social Media Impacts Brand Value: The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Colicev Anatoli , O’Connor Pete
Published: August 2020

The growing popularity of social media platforms has increased brand investments in social media marketing. However, it is not clear whether and how social media marketing leads to the creation of value for consumers and brands; therefore, we investigate how marketer and user-generated content on social media affects consumer and brand metrics. Based on the marketing productivity chain, we propose that customer satisfaction, a leading consumer metric, mediates the link between social media content and brand value. To test such assertions, we use a sample of 87 brands from 17 industries and collect a unique dataset that combines social media data from Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube with customer satisfaction, brand value, and advertising expenses. We find that user-generated content has a stronger effect on customer satisfaction than marketer-generated content. We also find that YouTube is the most effective platform for user generated content. Interestingly, we find that the effects of marketer-generated content depend on the brand’s corporate reputation. In other words, more reputable brands can leverage their marketer-generated content more effectively.
Lazer e Promoção de Saúde
Authors: Batista Janir Coutinho , Ribeiro Olívia Cristina Ferreira , Nunes Junior Paulo Cezar
Published: August 2020

Este artigo pretendeu contribuir com os diálogos que aproximam o campo da saúde coletiva e o lazer, pois vemos nas práticas de lazer um potente dispositivo para a promoção da saúde. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivos três pontos principais: retomar conceitos e idéias a respeito da concepção de saúde; apresentar o lazer como tema pertinente ao campo de discussão da saúde e ampliar a discussão da promoção de saúde por meio do lazer.
Cascaded Metasurface Design Using Electromagnetic Inversion with Gradient-Based Optimization
Authors: Brown Trevor , Mojabi Puyan
Published: August 2020

This paper presents an electromagnetic inversion algorithm for the design of cascaded metasurfaces that enables the design process to begin from more practical output field specifications such as a desired power pattern or far-field performance criteria. Thus, this method combines the greater field transformation support of multiple metasurfaces with the flexibility of the electromagnetic inverse source framework. To this end, two optimization problems are formed: one associated with the interior space between two metasurfaces, and the other for the exterior space. The cost functionals corresponding to each of these two optimization problems are minimized using the nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm with analytic expressions for the gradient operators. A total variation regularizer is incorporated into the optimization procedure to favour smooth field variations from one unit cell to the next. The numerical implementation of the developed design procedure is presented in detail along with several two-dimensional (2D) simulated examples to demonstrate the capabilities of the method.
Electrolyzer Modeling and Real-Time Control for Optimized Production of Hydrogen Gas
Authors: Flamm Benjamin , Peter Christian , Büchi Felix N. , Lygeros John
Published: August 2020

We present a method that operates an electrolyzer to meet the demand of a hydrogen refueling station in a cost-effective manner by solving a model-based optimal control problem. To formulate the underlying problem, we first conduct an experimental characterization of a Siemens SILYZER 100 polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer with \SI{100}{\kilo \watt} of rated power. We run experiments to determine the electrolyzer's conversion efficiency and thermal dynamics as well as the overload-limiting algorithm used in the electrolyzer. The resulting detailed nonlinear models are used to design a real-time optimal controller, which is then implemented on the actual system. Each minute, the controller solves a deterministic, receding-horizon problem which seeks to minimize the cost of satisfying a given hydrogen demand, while using a storage tank to take advantage of time-varying electricity prices and photovoltaic inflow. We illustrate in simulation the significant cost reduction achieved by our method compared to others in the literature, and then validate our method by demonstrating it in real-time operation on the actual system. 
The Possibility of Applying Acoustic Emission Method to Optimize Determination of Milling Parameters
Authors: Dudzik Krzysztof
Published: August 2020

Nowadays acoustic emission (AE) method is used in many fields of science, including in thediagnosis and monitoring of machining processes such as turning, grinding, milling, etc. Monitoring of millingprocess allows to ensure stable conditions of treatment. Stable conditions of milling process have a great impacton the quality of the surface. There are different methods used for monitoring machining processes, i.e.dynamometer methods, thermography, vibrations measurement, acoustic emission, etc. The research wascarried out on a universal FUW3157 III milling machine using end mills made of HSS. Tools were in differentstages of wear. The research was carried out at constant rotational speed and variable other cutting parameters,i.e. feed, depth of cut. Milling process was performed on a sheet made of EN AW-7020 aluminium alloy. Themilling process was monitored by an acoustic emission set made by Physical Acoustics Corporation (PAC).The PAC system consists of: preamplifier USB AE Node, type 1283 with bandpass 20 kHz – 1 MHz, AE signalmeasurement sensor type VS 150M, with a frequency range 100 – 450 kHz, computer with AE Win for USBVersion E5.30 software for recording and analysing AE data. During the study, the acoustic emission signalsgenerated during milling process were recorded and then chosen parameters were analyzed e. g.: amplitude,number of events - hits, the effective value of the signal (RMS). The study can be the basis for the use ofacoustic emission method for monitoring milling process and determining the parameters to ensure stableconditions of that process and the same to obtain a high quality surface
RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FISHERIES
Authors: Kobyalko Vladimir , Sarukhanov Vladimir , Polyakova Irina
Published: August 2020

An overview of the possibilities of radiation technologies using in the fishing

industry is presented. The modes and conditions of radiation treatment for

various types of fish and fish products that provide microbiological safety,

inactivation of parasites, increasing the shelf life and preserving quality

indicators are specified. The toxicological, mutagenic and carcinogenic

safety of radiation-treated products is emphasized. An idea of the

economic efficiency, practical use, and regulatory regulation of radiation

technologies in the world and the Russian Federation is given. The article

outlines the successes and problems of introducing promising technology

in the fishing industry in the territory of the EAEU.
RESULTS OF THE POLLOCK FISHING SEASON OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK IN 2020
Authors: Varkentin Aleksandr , Kolomeytsev Vladimir
Published: August 2020

Some results of the pollack fishing season of the Sea of Okhotsk in January –

the first decade of April, 2020 in comparison with the same period of 2019

are given in work. Data on the general catch of pollack, TAC realization,

daily catch, distribution of the fleet, catches per unit effort, size composition

of fishes by fishery subzones and months are submitted. Synoptic, ice and

thermal conditions are characterized.
STATE OF RED KING CRAB SUB-POPULATION IN EASTERN MURMAN IN SUMMER 2014
Authors: Dvoretsky Aleksandr , Dvoretsky Vladimir
Published: August 2020

The article describes the results of study on a group (sub-population) of the red king crab, an invasive species, in Dalnezelenetskaya Bay in July 2014. Egg bearing females were the most abundant at the study site. Both the number of crabs with injured legs and the share of crabs with old shells were lower than in 2013. The total stock of red king crab was calculated to be 3850 specimens. In 2014, the number of juveniles was higher and the number of old males was lower in comparison to the levels of 2013.
Stellar Oblateness versus Distant Giants in Exciting Kepler Planet Mutual Inclinations
Authors: Spalding Christopher , Millholland Sarah C.
Published: August 2020

An overabundance of single-transiting Kepler planets suggests the existence of a subpopulation of intrinsically multiplanet systems possessing large mutual inclinations. However, the origin of these mutual inclinations remains unknown. Recent work has demonstrated that mutual inclinations can be excited soon after protoplanetary disk dispersal owing to the oblateness of the rapidly rotating host star, provided that the star is tilted. Alternatively, distant giant planets, which are common in systems of close-in Kepler planets, could drive up mutual inclinations. The relative importance of each of these mechanisms has not been investigated. Here, we show that the influence of the stellar oblateness typically exceeds that of an exterior giant soon after planet formation. However, the magnitude of the resulting mutual inclinations depends critically on the timescale over which the natal disk disperses. Specifically, we find that if the disk vanishes over a timescale shorter than ∼103–4 yr, comparable to the viscous timescale of the inner ∼0.2 au, the inner planets impulsively acquire misalignments that scale with the stellar obliquity. In contrast, if the disk disperses slowly, the inner planets remain coplanar. They first align with the stellar equator but subsequently realign with the distant giant’s plane as the star spins down. Our findings are consistent with recent observations that giants tend to be aligned with close-in multiplanet systems but misaligned with single-transiting planets. Stellar obliquity measurements offer a promising test of our proposed framework.
Herschel 158 μm [C ii] Observations of “CO-dark” Gas in the Perseus Giant Molecular Cloud
Authors: Hall K. P. , Stanimirović Snežana , Lee Min-Young , Wolfire Mark , Goldsmith Paul
Published: August 2020

We present observations of velocity-resolved [C ii] 158 μm emission from both a dense and a more diffuse photodissociation region (PDR) in the Perseus giant molecular cloud using the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared on board the Herschel Space Telescope. We detect [C ii] emission from 80% of the total positions, with a 95% detection rate from the dense boundary region. The integrated intensity of the [C ii] emission remains relatively constant across each boundary, despite the observed range in optical extinction between 1 and 10 mag. This flat profile indicates a constant heating and cooling rate within both regions observed. The integrated intensity of [C ii] emission is reasonably well correlated with the neutral hydrogen (H i) column density, as well as the total gas column density. This, in addition to the 80′ (7 pc) extent of the [C ii] emission from the cloud center, suggests that the H i envelope plays a dominant role in explaining the [C ii] emission emanating from Perseus. We compare the [C ii] and 12CO integrated intensities with predictions from a 1D, two-sided slab PDR model and show that a simple core + envelope, equilibrium model without an additional “CO-dark” H2 component can reproduce observations well. Additional observations are needed to disentangle how much of the [C ii] emission is associated with the “CO-dark” H2 gas, as well as constrain spatial variations of the dust-to-gas ratio across Perseus.
Coronal Mini-jets in an Activated Solar Tornado-like Prominence
Authors: Chen 陈华 Huadong 东 , Zhang 张 Jun 军 , De Pontieu Bart , Ma 马 Suli 素丽 , Kliem Bernhard , Priest Eric
Published: August 2020

High-resolution observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrometer reveal the existence of a particular type of small solar jet, which arose singly or in clusters from a tornado-like prominence suspended in the corona. In this study, we perform a detailed statistical analysis of 43 selected mini-jets in the tornado event. Our results show that the mini-jets typically have (1) a projected length of 1.0–6.0 Mm, (2) a width of 0.2–1.0 Mm, (3) a lifetime of 10–50 s, (4) a velocity of 100–350 km s−1, and (5) an acceleration of 3–20 km s−2. Based on spectral diagnostics and EM-Loci analysis, these jets seem to be multithermal small-scale plasma ejections with an estimated average electron density of ∼2.4 × 1010 cm−3 and an approximate mean temperature of ∼2.6 × 105 K. Their mean kinetic energy density, thermal energy density, and dissipated magnetic field strength are roughly estimated to be ∼9 erg cm−3, 3 erg cm−3, and 16 G, respectively. The accelerations of the mini-jets, the UV and EUV brightenings at the footpoints of some mini-jets, and the activation of the host prominence suggest that the tornado mini-jets are probably created by fine-scale external or internal magnetic reconnections (a) between the prominence field and the enveloping or background field or (b) between twisted or braided flux tubes within the prominence. The observations provide insight into the geometry of such reconnection events in the corona and have implications for the structure of the prominence magnetic field and the instability that is responsible for the eruption of prominences and coronal mass ejections.
GASP. XXI. Star Formation Rates in the Tails of Galaxies Undergoing Ram Pressure Stripping
Authors: Gullieuszik Marco , Poggianti Bianca M. , McGee Sean L. , Moretti Alessia , Vulcani Benedetta , Tonnesen Stephanie , Roediger Elke , Jaffé Yara L. , Fritz Jacopo , Franchetto Andrea , Omizzolo Alessandro , Bettoni Daniela , Radovich Mario , Wolter Anna
Published: August 2020

Using MUSE observations from the GASP survey, we study 54 galaxies undergoing ram pressure stripping (RPS) and spanning a wide range in galaxy mass and host cluster mass. We use this rich sample to study how the star formation rate (SFR) in the tails of stripped gas depends on the properties of the galaxy and its host cluster. We show that the interplay between all the parameters involved is complex and that there is not a single, dominant one in shaping the observed amount of SFR. Hence, we develop a simple analytical approach to describe the mass fraction of stripped gas and the SFR in the tail, as a function of the cluster velocity dispersion, galaxy stellar mass, clustercentric distance, and speed in the intracluster medium. Our model provides a good description of the observed gas truncation radius and of the fraction of SFR observed in the stripped tails, once we take into account the fact that the star formation efficiency in the tails is a factor of ∼5 lower than in the galaxy disk, in agreement with GASP ongoing H i and CO observations. Finally, we estimate the contribution of RPS to the intracluster light (ICL) and find that the average SFR in the tails of ram pressure stripped gas is

per cluster. By extrapolating this result to evaluate the contribution to the ICL at different epochs, we compute an integrated average value per cluster of ∼4 × 109
M
☉ of stars formed in the tails of RPS galaxies since z ∼ 1.