bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of Decimiana Uvarov from Brazil, with updated key to species and remarks on their geographic distribution (Mantodea: Acanthopidae, Acanthopinae)
Authors: MALDANER CAROLINE , RAFAEL JOSÉ ALBERTINO
Published: July 2017

Decimiana gaucha sp. nov. is described from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and illustrated. New geographical records for D. tessellata (Charpentier), D. bolivari (Chopard) and D. hebardi Lombardo retrieved from Brazilian collections and a new key to species, based on male genital characters, are presented.
Taxonomic review of genus Danielithosia Dubatolov & Kishida (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from northern Vietnam, with one new species
Authors: BAYARSAIKHAN ULZIIJARGAL , DUBATOLOV VLADIMIR V. , HEPPNER JOHN B. , BAE YANG-SEOP
Published: July 2017

Four species of the genus Danielithosia Dubatolov & Kishida, 2012, are reported from northern Vietnam: Danielithosia immaculata (Butler, 1880), Danielithosia hoenei Dubatolov, 2013, Danielithosia zolotuhini Dubatolov, 2012, and Danielithosia baviensis n. sp. Illustrations of adults and genitalia are presented, with species descriptions and notes.
Precipitation Efficiency and Water Budget of Typhoon Fitow (2013): A Particle Trajectory Study
Authors: Xu Huiyan , Zhai Guoqing , Li Xiaofan
Published: July 2017

In this study, the WRF Model is used to simulate the torrential rainfall of Typhoon Fitow (2013) over coastal areas of east China during its landfall. Data from the innermost model domain are used to trace trajectories of particles in three major 24-h accumulated rainfall centers using the Lagrangian flexible particle dispersion model (FLEXPART). Surface rainfall budgets and cloud microphysical budgets as well as precipitation efficiency are analyzed along the particles’ trajectories. The rainfall centers with high precipitation efficiency are associated with water vapor convergence, condensation, accretion of cloud water by raindrops, and raindrop loss/convergence. The raindrop loss/convergence over rainfall centers is supported by the raindrop gain/divergence over the areas adjacent to rainfall centers. Precipitation efficiency is mainly determined by hydrometeor loss/convergence. Hydrometeor loss/convergence corresponds to the hydrometeor flux convergence, which may be related to the increased vertical advection of hydrometeors in response to the upward motions and upward decrease of hydrometeors, whereas hydrometeor gain/divergence corresponds to the reduction in hydrometeor flux convergence, which may be associated with the decreased horizontal advection of hydrometeors in response to the zonal decrease in hydrometeors and easterly winds and the meridional increase in hydrometeors and southerly winds. The water vapor convergence and associated condensation do not show consistent relationships with orographic lifting all the time.
On Conditions for Equality of OLSE, GLSE and MLE in Analysis of Covariance Structures
Authors: Mukherjee Bishwa Nath , Maiti Sadhan Samar
Published: July 2017

For all covariance matrices with linear struture, a necessary and sufficient condition for OLSE to be equivalent to GLSE and MLE is shown. For spectrally decomposable class of covariance matrices, Σ, the GLSE with V = Σ-1, MLE and OLSE are shown to be equivalent. In case of intraclass Σ such equivalence is true for any intraclass V. The implications of the results are discussed.
Alcohol Policy, Public Health and Kettil Bruun
Authors: Tigerstedt Christoffer
Published: July 2017

Public health discourse can be interpreted as a liberal rationality of rule. Within this discourse, techniques are developed in order to regulate macro- and micro-level phenomena simultaneously. Attention is drawn to the social and physical environment, thus avoiding blaming the victim. At the same time, empowered individuals are supposed to participate actively in processes that control their lives. Within this frame of reference the pioneering work in the alcohol policy field, Alcohol control policies in public health perspective (Bruun et al., 1975), is assessed. It is claimed that the report introduced a new risk discourse that, in addition to its emphasis on government controls, was likely to liberate consumers from individual and direct public control. Kettil Bruun's both liberal and restrictive views on alcohol regulation are accounted for. The author argues that the traditional distinction between general prevention and individual prevention is partly being replaced by other forms of regulation.
Laryngopharyngeal Sensory Deficits as a Predictor of Aspiration
Authors: Setzen Michael , Cohen Manderly A. , Mattucci Kenneth F. , Perlman Philip W. , Ditkoff Michael K.
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVE:

This study evaluates whether patients with severe sensory deficits in the hypopharynx are at increased risk for aspiration and determines the relationship between pharyngeal muscular weakness and hypopharyngeal sensory deficits.

STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:

Forty patients with dysphagia who underwent flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing were prospectively divided into 2 groups. One group included patients with severe sensory deficits determined by an absent laryngeal adductor reflex and the other with normal sensitivity. Subjects were given liquid and puree consistencies and were evaluated for aspiration as well as pharyngeal muscle contraction.

RESULTS:

The differences in incidence of aspiration and pharyngeal muscular weakness between the 2 groups were significant (P < 0.001 Fisher's exact test).

CONCLUSION:

There is a strong association between motor function deficits and hypopharyngeal sensory deficits.

SIGNIFICANCE:

The association of sensory loss and motor deficits together with the use of flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing can predict those patients who are at highest risk for aspiration.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Human Papillomavirus Type‐16 Infected Oral Cancer Cells
Authors: Brown Jimmy J. , Qin Min , William‐Smith Lorraine , Coker Joan F. , Zhou Heng , Nishitani Junko , Liu Xuan
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVE:

The goal of this study was to determine the genes required for head and neck cancer development.

STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:

Differential mRNA display analysis was performed using human papillomavirus Type‐16 infected immortalized human oral keratinocytes (HOK‐16B) and its benzo(a)pyrene‐exposed tumorigenic derivative (HOK‐16B‐BaP‐T).

RESULTS:

Twenty‐one differentially expressed cDNA clones were identified between the 2 cell lines. Clone 4 with no known homology showed lower expression in tumorigenic cells compared with either normal or immortalized oral keratinocytes. Clone 6 expression was elevated in several head and neck cancer cells, in addition to Burkitt's lymphoma Rajl harboring latent Epstein‐Barr virus.

CONCLUSION:

These findings suggested that clone 6 may be involved in the oncogenic transformation whereas clone 4 may potentially function as a tumor suppressor gene.

SIGNIFICANCE:

Differential mRNA analysis using the in vitro oral carcinogenesis model may help to identify important genetic markers for the early detection and progression of head and neck cancer.
Is the Endolymphatic Sac Always Accessible?
Authors: Feghali Joseph G. , Linthicum Fred H. , Xenellis John E.
Published: July 2017

All surgical manipulations of the endolymphatic sac have a common requirement: to identify the intradural part. We studied the position of the intradural endolymphatic sac in relation to the posterior semicircular canal, the sigmoid sinus, the retrofacial air cell tract, and the jugular bulb in 50 temporal bones. The intradural sac was identifiable in 48 cases; in two the sac either was absent or would not have been identifiable surgically without jeopardizing other important structures, particularly the posterior semicircular canal.
Persistence of the Stapedial Artery: A Histopathologic Study
Authors: Marion Mitchell , Hinojosa Raúl , Khan Anwar A.
Published: July 2017

Persistence of the stapedial artery is a rare event. Fewer than 30 cases have been reported since the discovery of this artery in 1836. We carried out a histopathologic study on three temporal bones from two patients who had this anomaly, and were able to trace the full course of the artery. In two specimens a large stapedial artery persisted and substituted for the middle meningeal artery. In the third, a small, persistent stapedial artery ended in the arterial plexus surrounding the facial nerve. Persistence is discussed in terms of embryogenesis, developmental theories, histologic findings, and clinical significance. The material suggests that the stapedial artery can persist to varying degrees
Purulent Otitis Media—A “Silent” Source of Sepsis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Persico Michael , Barker Geoffrey A. , Mitchell David P.
Published: July 2017

Septicemia is common in patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) who have nasotracheal tubes. Although it is frequently caused by middle ear effusion (MEE), pneumatic otoscopy is not routinely performed in these patients. To demonstrate the value of this procedure, 46 pediatric ICU patients with nasotracheal tubes were followed daily with pneumatic otoscopy for 11 to 98 days and compared with 25 controls without nasotracheal tubes, 12 of whom had nasogastric tubes. Myringotomy was performed whenever blood culture became positive. MEE was significantly more frequent in patients with nasotracheal tubes (87%) than in patients with controls (23%) and occurred first on the side of intubation. Blood bacteria were identical to middle ear pathogens in 80% of patients. Nasogastric tubes were not significant in causing MEE. The high incidence of MEE resulting from nasotracheal intubation indicates the importance of including pneumatic otoscopy in the daily examination of these high‐risk patients.
Oncogenes in Laryngeal Cancer: Serial Passage of Transformed Cellular DNA
Authors: Friedman William H. , Rosenblum Barry N. , Loewenstein Paul , Thornton Helen , Katsantonis George , Green Maurice
Published: July 2017

DNA originally extracted from squamous cell cancer of the larynx has been serially passaged through transformed populations of NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts. The transformed foci were then harvested, cloned to volume, and incubated with a fresh population of NIH/3T3 cells in a second passage. Transforming efficiencies were enhanced by serial passage. In addition, Southern Blot analysis of the transformed foci revealed hybridization between transformant DNA and human probe DNA from the Alu family of conserved human DNA sequences. In the first passage this hybridization took the form of diffuse homology throughout the entire molecular weight distribution. The second‐passage DNA showed “narrow bands” indicating the possibility that an oncogene has been identified in laryngeal cancer and that serial passage has eliminated contaminating human sequences. Repetitive transfection in third‐ and fourth‐passage studies is now being completed.
Head and Neck Presentations of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Rosenberg Richard A. , Schneider Kenneth L. , Cohen Noel L.
Published: July 2017

Since December 1980, over 3000 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been reported. The charts of 102 patients admitted to the New York University Medical Center with a diagnosis of AIDS were reviewed with particular emphasis on presenting signs, symptoms, and laboratory values. Symptoms tended to be nonspecific and most often resembled those of an upper respiratory infection. Over 71% of the patients presented with at least two of the following four signs: Diffuse adenopathy, oral and facial lesions consistent with Kaposi's sarcoma, white oral lesions, and anergy. Laboratory findings included leukopenia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. The in‐hospital mortality rate was 26%. The current status of our knowledge concerning AIDS is reviewed and discussed. The frequency and types of presenting signs and symptoms in the head and neck are reported to alert the otolaryngologic community to this entity.
Facial Profileplasty by Liposuction Extraction
Authors: Newman Julius , Dolsky Richard L. , Nguyen Abram
Published: July 2017

Facial profileplasty can include the removal of abnormal fat deposits In the face and neck as an Individual begins to age and, In many cases, the correction of chin projection to achieve a better neck‐chin contour line. In this report we retrospectively analyze the complications and results from 142 patients undergoing facial liposuction alone or In combination with chin augmentation or rhytldectomy during a follow‐up period of 14 months, the liposuction technique offers very low morbidity and Is superior to conventional exclslonal methods.
The Fetal Auditory Brain Stem Response: Serial Measurements at Two Stimulus Intensities
Authors: Woods James R. , Plessinger Mark A.
Published: July 2017

Eleven fetal lambs were tested for auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) at 105 and 90 db sound pressure level from 110 to 116 days until 133 days gestation. ABRs were elicited in response to 1200 clicks, presented at 16 clicks/sec, from a hearing aid receiver secured in the fetal external ear canal and recorded from subdermal stainless steel electrodes at the vertex (active electrode) and anterior pinna (reference electrode). Six term newborn lambs were tested similarly for ABR comparison. No fetal ABRs appeared before 117 days gestation. Thereafter, the ABRs exhibited decreasing peak latencies with increasing stimulus intensity and fetal age. Newborn ABR latency measurements were compared with predicted newborn values generated from linear regression analysis of fetal data. Newborn latencies to waves I and II approximated predicted values. Newborn latencies to waves III, IV, and V were much shorter than predicted, suggesting rapid maturation of higher brain stem and midbrain neurogenerators during late fetal development.
Prolonged Ventilation of the Middle Ear and Mastoid Cavities: Technical Considerations
Authors: Eliachar Isaac
Published: July 2017

Chronic eustachian tube dysfunction contributes to many chronic middle ear diseases and to early and late surgical failures. Furthermore, surgeons may overlook air passage obstructions from the mesotympanum to the mastoid cavity. To date, long‐term ventilation of the middle ear is the most practical technique of bypassing stubborn eustachian tube and middle ear ventilatory malfunctions. I present the techniques used to overcome and bypass tubal and intratympanic obstructions in 8% of operated ears in the past 6 years.
ABR Results in Patients with Posterior Fossa Tumors and Normal Pure‐Tone Hearing
Authors: Musiek Frank E. , Kibbe‐Michal Karen , Geurkink Nathan A. , Josey Anne Forrest , Glasscock Michael
Published: July 2017

Sixteen patients with confirmed mass lesions of the posterior fossa and normal hearing sensitivity for pure tones were studied. Patients’ main symptoms, auditory brain‐stem response (ABR), and lesion size were analyzed. All patients manifested neurologic and/or otoneurologic symptoms or complained of hearing difficulty disproportionate to their pure‐tone findings. Interestingly, the patients in this select group were younger (mean = 34 years) than the typical patient with a posterior fossa tumor. ABR results were abnormal in 15 of the patients, although several indices—including absolute and interwave latencies, interaural latency difference, and wave presence/absence—were employed to achieve this sensitivity. Lesion size varied considerably and failed to correlate with ABR or pure‐tone results.
Episodic Vertigo in Basilar Artery Migraine
Authors: Harker Lee A. , Rassekh Christopher H.
Published: July 2017

Vestibular symptoms commonly occur in migraine, and episodic vertigo is most frequently seen. Auditory symptoms also occur, but are less common. When Bickerstaff8 described basilar artery migraine in 1961, he postulated that the many different symptoms were caused by basilar artery ischemia. He documented that neuro‐otologic and other symptoms could occur before or during a migraine headache; others later established that these symptoms could also occur during the headache‐free period. Case histories of eleven patients with basilar artery migraine are presented in detail. All met the diagnostic criteria for migraine and experienced vertigo before or during episodic headaches—sometimes with other symptoms of transient brainstem dysfunction. Cases represented both typical and unusual manifestations of migraine with vestibular symptoms: four patients were adolescents, three were more than 45 years old and had previously diagnosed migraine headaches, and four were young adults not previously known to have migraine. Many of the patients were thought to have disorders of the vestibular end organ (sometimes in addition to migraine) and three had undergone previous endolymphatic sac decompressions or perilymph fistula repairs. Diagnostic criteria are reviewed, in order that patients with basilar artery migraine can be distinguished from those with peripheral labyrinthine disease, to allow initiation of appropriate antimigraine therapy and avoidance of unnecessary medical and surgical therapy for end‐organ disorders.
Injection of Low‐Dose Antigen Attenuates the Response to Subsequent Bronchoprovocative Challenge
Authors: Boris Marvin , Schiff Mark , Weindorf Stanley
Published: July 2017

Injection of low‐dose antigen on a co‐seasonal basis has been proposed as an alternative to conventional immunotherapy in allergic disorders. Few studies of efficacy have been attempted, and available data do not support the use of this technique. We evaluated the effect of low‐dose antigen injection in 21 subjects with histories of asthma, after exposure to animal antigen. Each subject was injected with low‐dose animal antigen, as determined by skin test end point titration, or with placebo. Twenty minutes after the injection, broncoprovocative challenge was performed with the use of the same antigen. The provocative dose 20% (PD20), FEV, after antigen injection, was 28.52 ± 1.74, was compared to 6.50 ± 1.15 after placebo injection (p < 0.01). This experiment was repeated after pretreatment of patients with indomethacin. The protective effect of antigen injection was abolished. In a third experiment, the PD20, FEV, for methacholine, was 10.74 breath units (BU) after antigen injection and 6.84 BU after placebo injection (PD < 0.05). Low‐dose antigen injection causes rapid reduction of bronchial sensitivity to inhaled antigen and methacholine. This effect is abolished by treatment with indomethacin.
Head and Neck Radiation Carcinogenesis: Epidemiologic Evidence
Authors: Ron Elaine , Saftlas Audrey F.
Published: July 2017

This article provides an overview of the long‐term carcinogenic effects of medical radiation exposure to the head and neck and focuses on studies that allow risk quantification. The thyroid gland in children is extremely sensitive to the tumorigenic effects of external radiation for many years after exposure. Risk of thyroid cancer decreases with increasing age at exposure, with little risk, if any, apparent among persons exposed as adults. Large risks of neural tumors have been reported after moderate‐ and high‐dose radiotherapy in childhood; however, the magnitude of the risk at low doses and for adult exposures is unclear Data on salivary gland tumors are limited but tend to support an association with radiation exposure. In contrast, the pituitary gland appears to be relatively resistant to the tumorigenic effects of radiation. Several cohort studies have reported an increased risk of hyperparathyroidism among irradiated populations. In summary, radiation exposure to the head and neck can result in tumors of the thyroid, salivary, and parathyroid glands, as well as the brain and central nervous system.
Effects of Extracellular Calcium on Cholesteatoma Migration and Adhesion in Vitro
Authors: Minotti Americo M. , Kountakis Stillianos E. , Leighton William R. , Cabral Fernando R.
Published: July 2017

Cholesteatoma matrix and tympanic epithelia share the unique property of en mass migratory locomotion in vitro. Although this migratory behavior is not well understood, it is thought to be a major contributor to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of cholesteatoma disease. We have surmised that en mass migration depends on light calcium‐dependent intercellular and substrate cellular adhesions. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a diminished extracellular calcium level on cholesteatoma migration and adhesion. Cholesteatoma matrixes obtained intraoperatively from patients undergoing mastoidectomies for chronic ear disease were cut into small fragments and grown in culture. When cultured specimens were exposed to low‐calcium medium (0.14 mmol/L calcium), a greater than 10‐fold reduction in the rate of migration was observed when compared with control values (1.8 mmol/L calcium). This reduction of migration returned to normal within 46 hours after extracellular calcium was replenished. Substrate cellular adhesion was also significantly reduced when cholesteatoma cells were grown in low‐calcium medium. These observations were further supported by histomorphologic findings. Our findings suggest that calcium‐dependent intercellular and substrate cellular adhesions are essential for cholesteatoma migration and adhesion. These studies further our understanding of the pathophysiology of cholesteatoma disease and may provide clues on how to better treat patients with this disease.
Use of the Rorschach in Forensic Settings for Treatment Planning and Monitoring
Authors: Jumes Michael T. , Oropeza Peter P. , Gray B. Thomas , Gacono Carl B.
Published: July 2017

Forensic psychiatric patients exhibit complex clinical issues that are neither readily understood by staff nor necessarily responsive to traditional psychotherapy or treatment milieu approaches. Individualized treatment planning identifies treatment needs and matches them to treatment services, thereby increasing the opportunity for a positive therapeutic out-come. The nature of the Rorschach, particularly that it bypasses volitional resources, enables observation and quantification of personality processes, making the Rorschach uniquely suited for treatment planning in forensic settings. In this article, the authors review relevant Rorschach literature, address the importance of incorporating Rorschach data into the assessment process, and discuss how Rorschach data fit into a thorough assessment that includes historical, clinical, dispositional, and contextual information. The authors offer two case examples to illustrate how Rorschach data are integrated in forensic treatment planning.
The Use of the MCMI-III in the Screening and Triage of Offenders
Authors: Retzlaff Paul , Stoner John , Kleinsasser Dennis
Published: July 2017

The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III (MCMI-III) is well suited for use in corrections settings. The MCMI-III’s scales correlate with theDiagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) personality disorders (frequently found in correctional settings), and the publisher offers a corrections-specific interpretive package. To further elucidate the usefulness of the MCMI-III with offenders and assess its efficacy, the authors administered the test to more than 10,000 inmates of the Colorado Department of Corrections. Scale scores were compared to intake judgment and outcome variables across mental health, substance abuse, and violence variables. A number of scales were found to predict several mental health variables such as subsequent diagnosis, medication prescription, and therapy time. Substance abuse scale elevations corresponded to subsequent intake recommendations. Although more modest, the aggressive personality disorder scales and several of the neurotic scales correlated with future institutional violence. The authors discuss the relevance of these findings to screening, triage, and correctional assessment.
Psychological Assessment of Forensic Psychiatric Outpatients
Authors: Nieberding Ron J. , Moore J. Tatum , Dematatis Anna P.
Published: July 2017

The 1960s decrease in long-term residential mental health care resulted in former psychiatric patients being admitted to correctional and forensic psychiatric facilities. Although psychologists face challenges in managing and treating this displaced population, assessment data plays a pivotal role in the determination of appropriate aftercare for the mentally ill parolee. This article discusses the assessment protocol utilized by the Forensic Conditional Release Program (CONREP) in California, summarizes data from these patients, and uses case excerpts to illustrate the potential value of assessment with a forensic psychiatric (outpatient) population. Special emphasis is given to the use of the MMPI-2 and Rorschach.
The Utility of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory with Offenders
Authors: Foley Pamela F. , Hartman Bruce W. , Dunn Adriana B. , Smith John E. , Goldberg David M.
Published: July 2017

Self-report instruments can provide useful information as part of a thorough clinical assessment. However, their use in forensic settings can be problematic. The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) has recently been proposed as an effective instrument for screening and outcome measurement in anger management programs. This study evaluated the effectiveness of this instrument in a sample of both voluntary and court-ordered anger-management clients, all of whom were determined through diagnostic interviews to have significant anger problems. Contrary to findings in nonforensic samples, the STAXI Trait Anger scale identified only about half of the participants as having anger-management problems severe enough to require intervention. Supplemental analysis with two additional scales did not significantly improve sensitivity. In addition to thorough diagnostic interviewing, forensic use of the STAXI (like similar assessment methods) may require additional validity scales to detect denial or socially desirable response patterns.
Subtyping Schizophrenia by Treatment Response: Antipsychotic Development and the Central Role of Positive Symptoms
Authors: Lee Jimmy , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Fervaha Gagan , Sin Gwen Li , Foussias George , Agid Ofer , Farooq Saeed , Remington Gary
Published: July 2017

We have recently proposed a model for subtyping schizophrenia based on antipsychotic (AP) treatment response. Evidence suggests that APs, both old and new, are comparable in terms of efficacy; however, one AP, clozapine, is uniquely effective in one subgroup of patients (that is, those with treatment-resistant schizophrenia [TRS]). This permits us to subdivide schizophrenia into 3 specific groups: AP responsive, clozapine responsive, and clozapine resistant. Here, we integrate this model with current criteria related to TRS and ultraresistant schizophrenia, the latter referred to in our model as clozapine resistant. We suggest several modifications to existing criteria, in line with current evidence and practice patterns, particularly emphasizing the need to focus on positive symptoms. While APs can favourably impact numerous dimensions related to schizophrenia, it is their effect on positive symptoms that distinguishes them from other psychotropics. Further, it is positive symptoms that are central to AP and clozapine resistance, and it is these people that place the greatest demands on acute and long-term inpatient resources. In moving AP development forward, we advocate specifically focusing on positive symptoms and capitalizing on the evidence we have of 3 subtypes of psychosis (that is, positive symptoms) based on treatment response, implicating 3 distinguishable forms of underlying pathophysiology. Conversely, pooling these groups risks obfuscating potentially identifiable differences. Such a position does not challenge the importance of dopamine D2 receptor blockade, but rather highlights the need to better isolate those other subgroups that require something more or entirely different.
Critical Pathways as an Effective Tool to Reduce Cardiac Transplantation Hospitalization and Charges
Authors: Noedel Nancy R , Osterloh Joan F , Brannan Jenny A , Haselhorst Mary M , Ramage Lisa J , Lambrechts Donna
Published: July 2017

A critical pathway is a component of managed care focusing on outcome-oriented, cost-effective care. This retrospective review of 74 cardiac transplants in 72 patients evaluated the influence of critical pathways on clinical management, length of hospitalization, and hospital charges. Transplant patients were divided into group 1 (n=51), which received standard primary nursing care, and group 2 (n=23), which received nursing case management using a critical pathway. The number of intensive care unit days for group 2 was significantly smaller than for group 1, as were duration of hospitalization and hospital charges. The critical pathway provided for systematic delivery of care and decreased length of hospitalization and charges without compromising safety or quality.
Relationship between Hope and Self-Esteem in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Frieson Tommy C , Frieson Cassandra Warner
Published: July 2017

In the transplant community great emphasis is placed on health and well-being. Because hope and self-esteem are linked with a positive health outcome, knowledge of transplantation should include an understanding of the extent to which hope is influenced by self-esteem. Few researchers have addressed the topic of hope and its impact on self-esteem; therefore, we sought to ascertain whether a relationship exists between hope and self-esteem in renal transplant recipients.
Relationship between Pretransplant Noncompliance and Posttransplant Outcomes in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Douglas Sara , Blixen Carol , Bartucci Marilyn Rossman
Published: July 2017

Approximately 5% to 18% of kidney transplant recipients do not comply with their posttransplant medical treatment. This study examined the relationship between pretransplant noncompliance and posttransplant outcomes. Using a longitudinal retrospective chart audit, pretransplant and posttransplant data were collected for 126 kidney transplant recipients over a 3-year period. Sixty-one percent of those identified as noncompliant before transplant lost their graft or died after transplant. Significant relationships between pretransplant noncompliance and graft loss and between pre- and posttransplant noncompliance were found. Clinicians must identify those with pretransplant noncompliance, as they are at risk for poor outcomes and might benefit from an intensive posttransplant follow-up regimen.
Age: An Indicator of Willingness to Donate?
Authors: Armstrong Gregory T
Published: July 2017

Answers to the question about consent for organ donation on the Queensland Transport Driver's Licence Database were reviewed to determine if age is an indicator of willingness to donate. As of November 1994, the database contained records on 1,969,382 persons (54% male, 46% female), accounting for 86.7% of the population 17 years of age or older. Fifty-four percent had answered yes to the question; 46% had indicated no or had not answered. The data were divided into three groups, males only, females only, and males plus females, and then sub-grouped by age. The number of subjects who had not answered the question was included in the number who had answered no. In the males-plus-females group, the percentage of yes answers by age remained relatively constant (56%–62%) for persons 17 to 49 years old but decreased to 39% for persons 70 years old. The data for males only and females only showed a similar decrease. Slightly more females than males had answered yes among persons 17 to 49 years old (mean difference, 5%; range, 1%–8%). This difference decreased with age. A higher willingness to donate in the younger age groups may augur well for the future. The data indicate that more attention must be given to persons 50 years of age and older to increase their awareness of their ability to donate.
Interaction of Organ Donor Families and Recipients
Authors: Lewino David , Stocks Lisa , Cole Gail
Published: July 2017

An exploratory descriptive study of donor families and recipients of cadaveric organs was done to determine their feelings about direct contact with each other. Direct contact was desired by 70% of donor families and 75% of recipients. Donor families wanted to see firsthand the benefit of the transplant to another person. Recipients primarily wanted to express gratitude. Both groups think they have a right to meet. Although both think these interactions should be professionally regulated and facilitated, they do not think the transplant center or the organ procurement organization is responsible for the outcome of a meeting. Donor families and recipients think the process should be gradual with prior correspondence. On the basis of our findings, we have developed a list of suggested guidelines to use when facilitating an interaction.
Expression of PIM kinases in Reed-Sternberg cells fosters immune privilege and tumor cell survival in Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Szydłowski Maciej , Prochorec-Sobieszek Monika , Szumera-Ciećkiewicz Anna , Derezińska Edyta , Hoser Grażyna , Wasilewska Danuta , Szymańska-Giemza Olga , Jabłońska Ewa , Białopiotrowicz Emilia , Sewastianik Tomasz , Polak Anna , Czardybon Wojciech , Gałęzowski Michał , Windak Renata , Zaucha Jan Maciej , Warzocha Krzysztof , Brzózka Krzysztof , Juszczyński Przemysław
Published: July 2017

Key Points

PIM kinases are ubiquitously expressed in RS cells of cHL. PIM inhibition decreases NFκB and STAT3/5 activity, cell viability, and expression of immunoregulatory proteins PD-L1/2 and galectin-1.
Behaviorally oriented nutrition education at a Russian summer camp improves children’s dietary choices: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Rosenkranz Richard R. , Rodicheva Natalia , Updike Natalie , Rosenkranz Sara K. , Dzewaltowski David A.
Published: July 2017

Background

It is presently unknown whether behaviorally oriented, theory-based nutrition education from a Western context could be effective for improving healthy eating behavior and its psychosocial determinants among Russian children. Effective nutrition education delivered in summer programs could potentially impact dietary patterns and play an important role in efforts to reduce childhood obesity. We hypothesized that nutrition education including an additional behavioral skills component would be superior to nutrition education without this component and that boys and girls would differ in their response to nutrition education.

Methods

Boys (n = 19) and girls (n = 21), aged 8–12 years, were assigned to one of two conditions receiving 15 daily sessions of behaviorally oriented, theory-based nutrition education. One condition received an additional skills training component, including activities such as snack preparation, role-playing, and games. An innovative objective measure was used to assess change in healthy snack choices. Psychosocial determinants of healthy eating (i.e., healthy eating knowledge, fruit self-efficacy, vegetable self-efficacy, healthy eating attitudes, and fruit and vegetable enjoyment) were assessed via questionnaire.

Results

Across both educational conditions, there were significant improvements in healthy snack choices (p < .001; Cohen’s d effect size = 1.33), attitudes (p = 0.001; d = 0.55), and knowledge (p < 0.001; d = 0.80), but not self-efficacy for fruit (p = 0.822; d = 0.04), vegetables (p = 0.118; d = 0.25), or enjoyment of fruits and vegetables (p = 0.472; d = 0.12). Contrary to our hypothesis, there were no significant differences in any change scores by nutrition educational condition (p > 0.05). Among the six outcomes, there was one significant sex difference for fruit and vegetable enjoyment change score (p = 0.002), as girls showed a larger increase in enjoyment over time compared to boys, and the overall nutrition education effects differed by sex (F = 3.03, p = 0.019).

Conclusions

Nutrition education, with or without behavioral skills training, was associated with improved healthy snack choices, healthy eating attitudes, and knowledge, but the impact differed by sex. Future research should evaluate the long-term impacts of behaviorally oriented nutrition education among Russian boys and girls.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03077464
Patient Preferences for Primary Care Provider Roles in Breast Cancer Survivorship Care
Authors: Wallner Lauren P. , Li Yun , Furgal Allison K.C. , Friese Christopher R. , Hamilton Ann S. , Ward Kevin C. , Jagsi Reshma , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T.
Published: July 2017

Purpose

Prior studies have suggested a need for greater clarity about provider roles in team-based cancer care; however, little is known about patients’ preferences regarding which providers handle their care needs after primary cancer treatment.

Methods

We surveyed women with newly diagnosed stages 0 to II breast cancer who were treated in 2014 and 2015 as reported to the Georgia and Los Angeles SEER registries (N = 2,372; 68% response rate). Patient preferences regarding which provider handles the following care needs after treatment were ascertained: follow-up mammograms, screening for other cancers, general preventive care, and comorbidity management. Associations between patient demographic factors with preferences for provider roles—oncology-directed care versus primary care provider (PCP)–directed care—were assessed by using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

The majority of women preferred that their PCPs handle general preventive care (79%) and comorbidity care (84%), but a notable minority of women preferred that their oncologists direct this care (21% and 16%, respectively). Minority women—black and Asian versus white—and women with a high school education or less—versus undergraduate college education or more—displayed greater odds of preferring oncology-directed care—versus PCP-directed care—for their general preventive care (black odds ratio [OR], 2.01; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.82; Asian OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.69; high school education or less OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.08). Similar variations existed for comorbidity care.

Conclusion

In this sample, minority women and those with less education more often preferred that oncologists direct certain aspects of their care after breast cancer treatment that are normally delivered by a PCP. Efforts to clarify provider roles in survivorship care to patients may be effective in improving team-based cancer care.
Who Goes There?
Authors: Foa Jérémie
Published: July 2017

This article reflects on the ordeals a community experienced when trust suddenly disintegrated and it was confronted by the presence—real or imagined—of an “internal enemy” ready to strike anywhere and at anyone. This enemy was even more frightening and damaging because it was concealed within the apathy, banality, routine, and comfort of daily life. In such a society, encountering the other and presenting the self became matters of life and death, rather than merely means of protecting social honor. What skills were called upon to flush out “suspects” or were necessary to flee a city massacring its inhabitants? The Wars of Religion (1562–98) can help us to think about a society confronted with the eruption of sudden violence that, like terrorism, comes from within the community.

La présente contribution se propose de réfléchir aux épreuves subies par la communauté quand la confiance se délite soudainement, quand une société est confrontée à la présence—réelle ou fantasmée—d'un « ennemi intérieur » prêt à frapper n'importe où, n'importe qui, tapi dans l'indolence, la banalité, la routine et le confort du quotidien. Dans cette société, la reconnaissance d'autrui et la présentation de soi n'ont plus pour but de protéger l'honneur social mais engagent des questions de vie ou de mort. Quelles sont les compétences mobilisées pour débusquer les « suspects », celles nécessaires aussi pour fuir une ville qui massacre ses habitants ? Les guerres de Religion (1562–98) peuvent aider à penser une société confrontée à l'irruption d'une violence soudaine et, à l'image du terrorisme, venue de l'intérieur de la communauté.
Conversion, Family, and Authority in Seventeenth-Century Saumur
Authors: Marr Scott M.
Published: July 2017

Episodes of conversion in early modern France could lay bare conceptions of community and authority that underpinned state and society. The conversion of the twelve-year-old daughter of a Huguenot apothecary to Catholicism at Saumur in 1642 serves as an entry into an examination of Catholic-Huguenot relations under the Edict of Nantes. The city's Catholic magistrates questioned the girl, Elisabeth Liger, and determined that her professed conversion was sincere. Satisfied of her Catholicism, the magistrates ordered that she be removed from her parents' authority so she could live as a Catholic. The judges' decision reveals two essential weaknesses that seventeenth-century Huguenots faced: their lack of institutional power to shape political and judicial decision making at the local level and their secondary legal status under the Edict of Nantes.

En France à l'époque moderne, les épisodes de conversion mettent en relief les concepts de communauté et d'autorité sur lesquels reposent l'Etat et la société. La conversion au catholicisme de la fille mineure d'un apothicaire huguenot à Saumur en 1642 sert de point d'entrée à l'examen des relations entre catholiques et huguenots sous l'Edit de Nantes. Les magistrats catholiques de la ville ont interrogé la fille, nommée Elisabeth Liger, et ont déterminé que sa conversion était sincère. Convaincus de son catholicisme, les magistrats ont donc ordonné qu'Elisabeth soit retirée à l'autorité de ses parents pour qu'elle puisse vivre en tant que catholique. La décision des juges révèle deux faiblesses essentielles auxquelles les huguenots au dix-septième siècle doivent faire face : leur manque de pouvoir institutionnel pour influencer les décisions politiques et judiciaires au niveau local, et leur statut juridique inférieur sous l'Edit de Nantes.
Nineteen complex–related factor Prp45 is required for the early stages of cotranscriptional spliceosome assembly
Authors: Hálová Martina , Gahura Ondřej , Převorovský Martin , Cit Zdeněk , Novotný Marian , Valentová Anna , Abrhámová Kateřina , Půta František , Folk Petr
Published: July 2017

Splicing in S. cerevisiae has been shown to proceed cotranscriptionally, but the nature of the coupling remains a subject of debate. Here, we examine the effect of nineteen complex–related splicing factor Prp45 (a homolog of SNW1/SKIP) on cotranscriptional splicing. RNA-sequencing and RT-qPCR showed elevated pre-mRNA levels but only limited reduction of spliced mRNAs in cells expressing C-terminally truncated Prp45, Prp45(1–169). Assays with a series of reporters containing the AMA1 intron with regulatable splicing confirmed decreased splicing efficiency and showed the leakage of unspliced RNAs in prp45(1–169) cells. We also measured pre-mRNA accumulation of the meiotic MER2 gene, which depends on the expression of Mer1 factor for splicing. prp45(1–169) cells accumulated approximately threefold higher levels of MER2 pre-mRNA than WT cells only when splicing was induced. To monitor cotranscriptional splicing, we determined the presence of early spliceosome assembly factors and snRNP complexes along the ECM33 and ACT1 genes. We found that prp45(1–169) hampered the cotranscriptional recruitment of U2 and, to a larger extent, U5 and NTC, while the U1 profile was unaffected. The recruitment of Prp45(1–169) was impaired similarly to U5 snRNP and NTC. Our results imply that Prp45 is required for timely formation of complex A, prior to stable physical association of U5/NTC with the emerging pre-mRNA substrate. We suggest that Prp45 facilitates conformational rearrangements and/or contacts that couple U1 snRNP-recognition to downstream assembly events.
The role of dialogical speech exercises in training foreign language of the courses of the MIA system
Authors: Башлуева  , Bashlueva Natalya
Published: July 2017

The article deals with the directions that contribute to the optimization of the process of teaching foreign language to the cadets of the MIA system in the framework of mastering communicative competences. The art of intercultural communication is now very important and relevant. Expanding the spheres of international cooperation led to a change in the priority tasks of the educational process in higher educational institutions: an increase in the role of internal determinants in ensuring personal and professional growth of the individual.
The increasing role of optimization of pedagogical technologies in the process of training cadets at Russian institutions of internal affairs
Authors: Башлуева  , Bashlueva Mariya
Published: July 2017

The article deals with the possibility of introducing modern pedagogical technologies in the process of training of cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system in order to improve the training of cadets and optimize the learning process.
The role of ethnic identity in shaping Personality of an employee of law-enforcement bodies
Authors: Кутепова  , Kutyepova Marina
Published: July 2017

In the article the definition of ethnic identity of a person is given, the features of its formation are described, the cognitive and affective components are described, the results of the research confirming the importance of ethnic identification and the expression of its components for characterizing the development of personality are presented.

The results of the study confirming the importance of ethnic identification and the expression of components of ethnic identity for characterizing the characteristics of personality development, foreseeing the results of its socialization are presented.
Paediatric inter-hospital transportation: a clinical governance project
Authors: Breathnach Maria , Lane Paula
Published: July 2017

This article discusses a quality improvement project in the context of paediatric inter-hospital transportation. The project was set in a large university teaching hospital in Ireland. Risk assessment on the clinical site revealed a gap in the application of best national and international standards in inter-hospital transportation practice. A project was undertaken to explore current paediatric transport services and respond to a clinical service deficit. Consequently, the proposed quality improvement initiative proposes a universal Paediatric Advanced Life Support Programme (PALS) to upskill and enhance the required clinical standards and competencies of neonatal nurses. This intervention was underpinned by attention to change management principles and organisational culture in health care. As a clinical practice development, it demonstrates how benchmarking against best practice can advance the quality and safety agenda in paediatric practice. Education initiatives are recommended to ensure that clinical standards in paediatric transportation are monitored and reviewed with the potential to improve clinical outcomes.
Domestic violence protection measures
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: July 2017

In this article Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, sets out the powers available to the police and court to protect people from domestic violence
Revalidation reflection: a military nursing research perspective
Authors: Brockie Alan
Published: July 2017

Lt Cdr Alan Brockie, Lecturer, Medical Directorate, Academic Department of Military Nursing, Birmingham