bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does SARS-CoV-2 Infection Increase Risk of Neuropsychiatric and Related Conditions? Findings from Difference-in-Differences Analyses
Authors: Chen Yong , Lu Yiwen , Tong Jiayi , Zhang Dazheng , Chen Jiajie , Li Lu , Lei Yuqing , Zhou Ting , Aragon Leyna , Becich Michael , Blecker Saul , Blum Nathan , Christakis Dimitri , Hornig Mady , Hornig-Rohan Maxwell , Jhaveri Ravi , Jones William , Keebler Amber , Kelleher Kelly , Kim Susan , Mosa Abu , Pajer Kathleen , Platt Jonathan , Schwenk Hayden , Taylor Bradley , Utidjian Levon , Williams David , Prasad Raghuram , Elia Josephine , Forrest Christopher
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased neuropsychiatric conditions in children and youths, with evidence suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection may contribute additional risks beyond pandemic stressors. This study aimed to assess the full spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions in COVID-19 positive children (ages 5–12) and youths (ages 12–20) compared to a matched COVID-19 negative cohort, accounting for factors influencing infection risk. Using EHR data from 25 institutions in the RECOVER program, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 326,074 COVID-19 positive and 887,314 negative participants matched for risk factors and stratified by age. Neuropsychiatric outcomes were examined 28 to 179 days post-infection or negative test between March 2020 and December 2022. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was confirmed via PCR, serology, or antigen tests, while negativity required negative test results and no related diagnoses. Risk differences revealed higher frequencies of neuropsychiatric conditions in the COVID-19 positive cohort. Children faced increased risks for anxiety, OCD, ADHD, autism, and other conditions, while youths exhibited elevated risks for anxiety, suicidality, depression, and related symptoms. These findings highlight SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential contributor to neuropsychiatric risks, emphasizing the importance of research into tailored treatments and preventive strategies for affected individuals.
Lassa Fever Survivors: Long-Term Health Effects and Chronic Sequelae – A Scoping Review
Authors: Saka Sulymon A. , Lawal Qudus O. , Otaigbe Osahon , Blackie Faustina F. , Ighodaro Osazuwa , Odafen Perpetua I. , Okogbenin Sylvanus
Published: January 2025

This scoping review explores the long-term health effects and chronic sequelae among Lassa fever survivors, highlighting significant physical, psychological, and functional challenges. Hearing loss, a prominent sequela, often coexists with neurological deficits, such as balance difficulties and cognitive dysfunction, impacting survivors' quality of life. Persistent renal, ophthalmic, and psychiatric complications, including depression and delirium, further underscore the multifaceted consequences of the disease. Despite the critical nature of these findings, research gaps remain, particularly the lack of longitudinal studies and limited geographic scope beyond Sierra Leone and Nigeria. These gaps hinder a comprehensive understanding of the disease's long-term impact. Addressing these issues through targeted interventions and expanded research is essential for improving post-recovery care and outcomes for Lassa fever survivors.
Deep analysis of classroom teaching behavior from the perspective of artificial intelligence: Centered on effective questioning models and exploration of "Four How" questions
Authors: Ou Qizhong , Wu Songqiao , Chen Xinglin
Published: January 2025

Classroom questioning is a critical element of teaching, facilitating interaction between teachers and students.Effective questioning plays a pivotal role in enhancing students’ cognitive abilities, sparking interest in learning, and supporting knowledge retention. This study analyzes recorded exemplary classroom videos using an intelligent classroom data analysis cloud platform, integrating an effective questioning model and the "Four How" theory. The analysis is based on five dimensions: teacher questioning type, student response method, student response type, teacher response attitude, and the "Four How" questions. The findings reveal that while teachers often respond positively to students, their questions tend to focus on "what" inquiries.Furthermore,students frequently provide mechanical or memory-based responses. In light of these findings,the study recommends optimizing question design to foster higher-order thinking, improving questioning techniques to enhance teacher-student interaction, strengthening student guidance for deeper engagement, and refining feedback to cultivate problem awareness. This research provides valuable data-driven insights into teaching behaviors and offers strategies for enhancing classroom teaching quality in schools.
Risk Assessment and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soil around Nansihu Lake Based on APCS-MLR and PMF Models
Authors: Yan Beibei , Lv Xiaofang , Wang Tao , Wang Min , Zhang Ruilin , song chengyuan
Published: January 2025

Heavy metal pollution in the Nansihu area was evaluated using the geo-accumulation index, pollution load index, and potential ecological risk assessment, with source analysis performed through the absolute principal component-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model and positive definite matrix factorization (PMF) model. The average concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were below standardized background values; however, Hg exhibited significant enrichment, with an average concentration 1.37 times higher than the Jining City soil background, indicating localized point-source pollution driven by anthropogenic activities. Source analysis identified four major contributors: agricultural, natural, transportation, and industrial sources. The APCS-MLR model attributed 34.63%, 29.17%, 25.81%, and 10.39% of the pollution to agricultural, natural, transportation, and industrial sources, respectively, while the PMF model assigned 22.93%, 30.46%, 25.13%, and 21.48%. These results highlight the distinct roles of human activities in heavy metal contamination, particularly Hg, and demonstrate the value of integrating APCS-MLR and PMF models for comprehensive source apportionment and environmental management strategies.
A Case of Advanced Peripheral Artery Disease with Advanced Coronary Artery Disease- A case report
Authors: Aftab Unaiza , Duseja Nikhil
Published: January 2025

Objective: This case report describes a rare presentation of triple-vessel coronary artery disease (3 CAD) co-existing with advanced peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a 65-year-old patient, focusing on the challenges in diagnosis and management.Methods: A 65-year-old patient presented with retrosternal chest pain. A thorough clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG), and additional diagnostic tests revealed STEMI. Coronary angiography confirmed advanced PAD alongside triple-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD). The patient was advised to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and a full-body aortogram was conducted to further assess the extent of PAD.Results: Significant blockages were identified in major peripheral arteries, including the right brachial artery and both femoral arteries, along with three major coronary arteries: the right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), and left circumflex artery (LCX).Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex cases involving both advanced CAD and advanced PAD. Early and coordinated interventions can significantly improve patient outcomes in these high-risk situations.
Male Breast Cancer and BRCA2: A Study from West Bengal, India
Authors: Roy Abhishikta Ghosh , Singh Vanya , Sarkar Biswanath , BANDYOPADHYAY ARUP Ratan
Published: January 2025

One of the known risk factors for male breast cancer is germline mutations in the BRCA2 gene, which are linked to genomic alterations. Men carrying a germline BRCA2 mutation have a higher risk of developing breast carcinoma than the general population. Breast Cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the most common cancer in developed and developing countries. Male breast cancer accounts for approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases. The incidence of male breast cancer has increased over the past few decades, yet its etiology is still poorly understood, which may be due to the rarity of the disease and the lack of large-scale genetic epidemiologic studies. The present study aimed to evaluate the risk of developing Breast Carcinoma among Bengalee Hindu males. For the study, 36 male patients and 70 matched controls were included in this study. DNA sequencing and gene expression analysis revealed a significant association (p < 0.0001) between male breast cancer patients and BRCA2 mutations (rs1799943). There were many intronic variations whose associations were not determined. A 2.4-fold downregulation of tumour proteins was associated with patient risk, whereas controls showed a 1.28-fold upregulation. The present study, being the first attempt in Eastern India, envisaged a significant association (p < 0.001) of the disease for mutations in the exonic and flanking regions of the gene (OR-9.92; 95% CI = 4.40-22.37; p < 0.0001).
High-Accuracy De Novo Prediction for N- and O-linked Glycopeptides Across Multiple Fragmentation Techniques
Authors: Zhang Qianqiu , Mao Zeping , Chen Yuling , Shan Baozhen , Deng Haiteng , Li Ming
Published: January 2025

N- and O-glycosylation, the most intricate post-translational modifications of proteins, is essential for regulating biological functions. Glycoproteomics faces substantial challenges, particularly in the analysis of O-glycans due to its diversity compared to N-glycans. Additionally, tandem mass spectrometry data patterns exhibit variability among different fragmentation methods, such as stepped collision energy higher-energy collisional dissociation (sceHCD) and electron transfer higher-energy collisional dissociation (EThcD). Existing algorithms often lack sensitivity and are limited to sceHCD fragmentation, restricting their practical application. To address these limitations, we introduce GlycopepECHO, the first deep-learning-based de novo glycopeptide algorithm that captures correlations between spectrum and glycopeptide fragmentation ions among N- and O-glycans. GlycopepECHO achieves over 92% glycan recall and around 95% glycan precision on N-glycan fragmented by both sceHCD and EThcD. It additionally allows O-glycan de novo sequencing benefits from zero-shot learning. GlycopepECHO expands the analytical capabilities of glycoproteomics, shedding light on the diverse roles of glycosylation.
Effect of Fatty Acyl Composition for Lysophosphatidylinositol on Neuroinflammatory Responses in Primary Neuronal Cultures
Authors: Brenneman Douglas E. , Petkanas Dean , Ippolito Michael , Ward Sara Jane
Published: January 2025

Lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) is an endogenous signaling molecule for the GPR55 receptor. Previous studies have shown that arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI-20:4) produced an increase in the inflammatory mediators NLPR3 (inflammasome − 3 marker) and IL-1b in neurons from both rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and hippocampal cultures. Because LPI is comprised of a family of lipid structures that vary in fatty acyl composition, the current work examined neuroinflammatory responses to various LPI structures in DRG and hippocampal cultures as assessed by high content fluorescent imaging. Major endogenous LPI fatty acyl structures consisting of 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 or 20:4 were compared for their effects on IL-1b, NLRP3 and GPR55 immunoreactive areas of neurites and cell bodies after a 6-hour treatment. Among these four LPI structures, only LPI-20:4 treatment produced increases in immunoreactive areas for GPR55, NLRP3 and IL-1b in DRG and hippocampal neurites. In contrast, all other LPI structures tested produced a decrease in all of these inflammatory immunoreactive areas in both neurites and cell bodies. Additional studies with LPI-20:4 treatment indicated that IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-a were significantly increased in neurites of DRG and hippocampal cultures. However, oleoyl-lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI-18:1) treatment produced decreases in these three cytokines. Using the viability dye alamar blue, LPI-20:4 was shown to produce concentration-dependent decreases, whereas all other endogenous LPI structures produced increases with this assay. These studies indicate that fatty acyl structure is the major determinant of LPI for neuroinflammatory responses in DRG and hippocampal cultures, with LPI-20:4 showing pro-inflammatory effects and all other endogenous LPIs tested exhibited anti-inflammatory responses.
Reference Intervals of Haematological Indices for Young Adults with Sickle Cell Anaemia in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Asafa Muritala Abiola. , Ahmed Ibrahim Oluwaseun. , Agim Mary Boluwatife. , Fabinu Taofik Ayodeji. , Kusoro Simeon Oluseyi. , Ogunoye Blessing Toyosi , Ogunlade Oluwadare , Bolarinwa Rahman Ayodele
Published: January 2025

Background
Reference intervals (RIs) are crucial for the interpretation of results and overall patient management. Of note, there are no established reference values for haematological parameters for patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) in Nigeria, making it difficult for clinicians to interpret and diagnose abnormalities appropriately.
Objective
This study aimed at establishing RIs of some haematological indices for individuals with SCA.
Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study, included a total of six hundred and seventy-eight (337 males and 341 females) young adults with SCA aged 18–35 years. The full blood count (FBC) was done using a haematology autoanalyzer. The haematological indices were classified using 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles and delineated as low (< 2.5th percentile), normal reference interval (2.5–97.5th percentile) and high (> 97.5th percentile). All analyses were done using SPSS IBM, version 20.0 software
Results
Generally, the reference interval for Haematocrit is 5.2-9.2g/dl, while the WBC ranged between 5.9 to 12.1 x 109/l and the platelet count is 166–465 x 109/l. For the male participants, the reference interval of the haematocrit was found to be between 5.2-9.3g/dl, the WBC ranged between 6.7 to 12.1 x 109/l and the platelet count was between 166 x 109/l to 399 x 109/l. The female subjects had a haematocrit of between 5.5g/dl to 8.8 g/dl, WBC of between 5.9 109/l and 12.96 x 109/l and the platelet count was between 225 x 109/l and 465 x 109/l.
Conclusion
This study has established the reference intervals for the haematological indices in individuals with SCA
A human interruption-free robotic platform for autonomous analysis of urinary samples
Authors: Islam M. Humayet , Islam M. Robiul , Rabbi G. , Uddin M. Jalal
Published: January 2025

Urine, a bodily by-product which conveys a number of physiological insights is a potential candidate for ongoing, regular health assessment. Despite their remarkable advancements, automated urine analyzers remain laboratory-based instruments that need labor-intensive sample processing and analysis, rendering them unsuitable for routine health screening. To expedite routine health screening, this work reports on a human interruption-free robotic platform that bypasses the manual operation for biological sample assay including handling of assay steps and colorimetric analysis of target markers in the sample. The robotic arm and the customized Android app; the key components of the platform automate the assay inside an imaging chamber eluding manual operation under similar assay protocols for multiple measurements and processes post-assayed image to quantify the target urine markers. Detailed characterization of the robotic operation, light distribution, and image analysis of the proposed platform was applied in the detection of glucose, protein and pH level in artificial urine sample that reveals a set of essential performance parameters that are comparable to, or even better than, that of conventional urine assay. As a result, it is believed that the proposed device may suitably be applied for autonomous analysis of other biological samples as a routine point-of-care (PoC) device.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SOLAR POWER GENERATION PLANTS: A DEA-OLS BASED STUDY OF ‘SAI MITRA’
Authors: Prusty Rameswar , Sivakumar Prof N.
Published: January 2025

The demand for renewable energy sources has grown significantly due to the increasing environmental damage caused by pollution and high carbon emissions by traditional sources of energy. Energy efficiency plays a crucial role in solar power generation, a highly effective form of renewable energy. This paper aims to explore energy efficiency in solar power generation plants through a two-stage DEA-OLS approach using data from Sai Mitra, a multi-capacity solar power generation system in India. The findings of the study underscore the significance of adopting a holistic management approach for solar power plants, utilizing key ratios that combine desirable and non-desirable performance parameters.
Targeting Snail2 improve sensitivity to parthenolide in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through PUMA activation
Authors: cao cuiming , ZHOU YAWEI , WANG WEICHEN
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective:
Current therapies for childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have increased survival rates to about 85%. The standard of care is chemotherapy, but approximately 20% patients exhibit primary or secondary resistance to current therapies. Parthenolide (PTL) has been shown to have excellent anti-cancer activity in pediatric leukemia xenografts, with minimal effects on normal hemopoietic cells. Some leukemia initiating cell populations remain resistant to PTL. This study examined mechanisms for this resistance and how to overcome the resistance.
Methods:
Snail2 protein expression was detected in 9 T-ALL patients, 9 normal bone marrow (NBM) cells and 4 T-ALL cell lines. We investigated the effects of loss of-function and gain-of-function of Snail2 or P53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis on survival, colony formation, apoptosis and chemosensitivity of T-ALL cells to PTL in vitro and in vivo.
Results:
Snail2 protein expression was elevated in primary T-ALL patients and cell lines. CEM cells with rich Snail2 expression is resistant to PTL. JURKAT cells with poor Snail2 expression sensitizes to PTL. In vitro, Snail2 inhibition by siRNA, sensitized CEM cells to apoptosis by PTL, resulting in PUMA upregulation and caspase-3 cleavage. Inhibition of PUMA by RNA interference in Snail2-knockdown CEM cells rescued the resistance of CEM cells to PTL treatment. Snail2 re-expression in JURKAT cells is resistant to PTL. The pro-survival effect of Snail2 was found to be caused by direct repression of PTL-induced PUMA expression by Snail2 in JURKAT cells. Additionally, an orthotopic allograft in vivo model demonstrated that the Snail2 inhibitor enhanced responses to PTL in CEM cells by inducing PUMA-dependent cell apoptosis.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates a pivotal role for Snail2/PUMA signals in T-ALL cell survival. It may be possible to achieve greater toxicity to childhood T-ALL by combining PTL with Snail2 knockdown.
Teacher competence in inclusive mathematics education: Examining the effects of an innovative professional development program on teacher noticing
Authors: Bastian Anton , König Johannes , Ross Natalie , Klee-Schramm Isabelle , Sommer Dennis , Strauß Sarah , Rott Benjamin , Kaiser Gabriele
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the effects of an innovative professional development program aimed at enhancing teacher noticing skills and professional knowledge in inclusive (mathematics) education in secondary algebra instruction. A total of 653 participants, comprising master’s students, teachers in preparatory service, and in-service teachers from Germany, participated in a pretest–posttest evaluation design that included a control group. The program comprised 18 hours of coursework that integrated novel teaching materials and video-based learning activities that combined both mathematics pedagogical and general pedagogical perspectives on teacher noticing and associated knowledge. The results indicated significant improvements in teachers’ noticing skills and professional knowledge for the intervention group across all investigated facets, particularly for teacher noticing under a pedagogical perspective and mathematics pedagogical knowledge, compared to a control group that exhibited no significant changes. Effect sizes ranged from small to medium, suggesting that the professional development program effectively improved participants’ knowledge of inclusive teaching and their abilities to perceive, interpret, and make decisions in inclusive contexts. Notably, master’s students exhibited the most substantial gains in all competencies, while in-service teachers primarily improved their teacher noticing from a pedagogical perspective. The findings underscore the importance of tailored professional development for fostering teacher noticing in inclusive mathematics education and yield valuable insights into the competencies necessary for inclusive (mathematics) education.
Nativity, Racial/Ethnic, and Length of US Residence Differences in Chronic Kidney Disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-March 2020
Authors: Ogungbe Oluwabunmi , Turkson-Ocran Ruth-Alma , Tomiwa Tosin , Adeleye Khadijat , Rayani Asma , Hinneh Thomas , Baptiste Diana , Hladek Melissa D. , Crews Deidra C. , Commodore-Mensah Yvonne
Published: January 2025

Rationale: The chronic kidney disease (CKD) burden in the US varies by race/ethnicity. It was unclear whether nativity status influences these disparities. This study compared CKD prevalence by nativity status, race and ethnicity, and length of US residence.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis.
Setting/Participants: We drew a weighted sample of 13,636 adults representing 155,147,141 Hispanic, White, Black, and Asian adults from the pooled 2011-March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included 155,147,141 US-and foreign-born adults.
Exposures: Nativity (US-or foreign-born), race/ethnicity, and length of US residence.
Outcome: We defined CKD as eGFR <60mL/min/1.73m 2 or a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g.
Analytical Approach: Survey-weighted multivariable Poisson models estimated associations among nativity status, race, and ethnicity, length of US residence, and CKD, adjusting for covariates.
Results: The prevalence of CKD among US-born adults was 14.0%, vs. 11.5% of foreign-born. Foreign-born adults were less likely to have CKD (prevalence rate ratio [PRR]: 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.93) than US-born adults, adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic factors. Black adults were more likely to have CKD than White adults (PRR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.23-1.68); this difference was greater among US-born adults (PRR: 1.48, 95% CI 1.25-1.76). Among Hispanic and Asian adults, age-and sex-adjusted prevalence of CKD increased with longer length of residence in the US.
Conclusions: There are clear CKD disparities related to nativity location and length of US residence, and these vary by race/ethnicity. Interventions addressing the unique challenges faced by populations most at risk for CKD, such as access to healthcare barriers and socioeconomic disparities, may help mitigate the burden of CKD and promote health equity.
Association between uric acid to lymphocyte ratio and poor functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Zhu Xu , Zhang Yijun , Wang Anxin , Zhang Xiaoli , Yu Guoyuan , Xiang Shifeng , Wu Yiping , Meng Xia
Published: January 2025

Background Inflammation has an important impact on the pathological progression associated with ischemic stroke. Serum uric acid (UA) to lymphocyte ratio (ULR) is a biomarker that responds to the level of inflammation but is not definitively associated with the clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS);Methods The data were obtained from the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III). Enrolled AIS patients were grouped by ULR quartiles at admission. The outcomes were poor functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 3–6 or 2–6) and all-cause mortality at 3 months and 1 year. The associations of ULR with the risk of poor functional outcome and all-cause mortality were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression;Results A total of 8241 patients were included from the CNSR-III study. After adjusting for confounders, it was found that patients in the highest ULR quartile had higher mRS scores of 2–6 (odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–1.53) and 3–6 (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16–1.57) at the 3-month follow-up. Additionally, the highest ULR quartile was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality at the 3-month follow-up (hazard ratio [HR], 1.97; 95%CI, 1.22–3.18). Similar results were observed at the 1-year follow-up;Conclusion Elevated ULR increased the risks of poorer functional outcomes and all-cause mortality in the AIS patients.
Circulating Levels of miR-155 and CTBP1-AS2 as a promising biomarker for early detection of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Rahimi Arezoo , Nikooei Shekoofeh , Roozbehi Khatere , Semirani Davood , Larki Rozina Abasi , Arya Arash , Gholami Danial , Alipoor Behnam
Published: January 2025

Background
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most frequent complications of diabetes mellitus. Since the early diagnosis of DN is crucial to prevent the progression of the disease towards renal failure, many efforts have been made in recent years to introduce new diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies suggest that non-coding RNAs could act as a novel diagnostic biomarker for the early detection and prediction of DN progress. Accordingly, in the current study we investigated the expression levels of miR-155 and CTBP1-AS2 in type 2 diabetes (T2D), DN patients and control subjects and evaluated their diagnostic potential for DN.
Method
A total of 189 age and sex-matched subjects including 65 T2D patients with normo-albuminuria, 61 DN patients who had a history of albuminuria, and 63 control subjects were included in this case-control study. The expression levels of miR-155 and CTBP1-AS2 were determined using QRT-PCR.
Results
The results revealed that the expression level of miR-155 was significantly reduced in T2D patients. In addition, miR-155 level was significantly higher in DN patients with macroalbuminuria compared to DN patients with microalbuminuria and T2D patients with normo-albuminuria. The expression level of CTBP1-AS2 in T2D without proteinuria was higher than DN subjects with macroalbuminuria. The results also showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the miR-155 level with DBP, TG, TC, SCr and, BUN levels and a negative correlation with HDL-C and eGFR values.
Conclusion
Deregulation levels of miR-155 and CTBP1-AS2 may represent useful novel diagnostic biomarkers for DN.
Weight Optimization of Coverage Matrix for Fault Localization
Authors: Hu Jian
Published: January 2025

Coverage-based fault localization (CFL) is a widely used technique for localizing faults in software systems. It relies on the analysis of program execution traces or coverage information to locate suspicious components that are likely to contain the fault. However, the raw coverage matrix used in fault localization encounters two primary challenges: (1) it contains a substantial number of fault-irrelevant statements, and (2) it only considers the coverage information from the tests without taking into account its degree of importance within the entire test suite. This paper addresses the aforementioned challenges by introducing a two-stage weight optimization approach for the coverage matrix in fault localization (FL). In the first stage, our method focuses on optimizing the weight of fault-irrelevant statements, which are identified through program slicing of the failing tests. In the second stage, we optimize the weights of fault-relevant statements by considering their significance within the test suite. The outcome is a weight-optimized coverage matrix that serves as input data for the fault localization algorithm. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we conducted extensive experiments using ten state-of-the-art fault localization techniques on widely-used benchmarks. Our method can effectively reduce the number of lines required to locate faults across all versions. On average, it achieves a reduction of 34% for SFL and 47% for DLFL.
Effectiveness of interventions in teacher education: Synthesis of reviews (2010–2024)
Authors: König Johannes , Heine Sandra , Weyers Jonas , Arntz Carl-Gereon , Kramer Charlotte , Strauß Sarah , Gerhard Kristina , Mühle Janine , Engartner Tim , Großschedl Jörg , Hanisch Charlotte , Hanke Petra , Hennemann Thomas , Jost Jörg , Kaspar Kai , Rott Benjamin
Published: January 2025

This paper offers an overview of current research on the effectiveness of interventions in teacher education. We synthesize 27 reviews published between 2010 and 2024, comprising 510 research publications of empirical intervention studies targeting pre-service and in-service teachers’ professional learning. We applied a specific analysis category system to address five research questions concerning (1) theoretical foundations, (2) input and output of the intervention studies, (3) study design, (4) effect sizes, and (5) research gaps. Few reviews had developed their own theoretical framework, and justifications for the interventions’ necessity were not always elaborated. Most assumed the existence of an effect chain—namely, that the reviewed interventions help promote teacher variables (mainly competence facets), which are then positively reflected in teaching quality and students’ learning gains. However, study variables typically indicate only segments of the effect chain while comprehensive operationalization of the total effect chain is rare. Interventions are typically organized as coursework, not necessarily connected to teaching practice or student learning. The interventions’ targeted learning outcomes are heterogeneously operationalized. Basic design features appear typical for intervention studies in teacher education, whereas more challenging designs are less common. Self-report instruments appear more common than rigorous measurement approaches. Based on a subsample of 14 reviews reporting summarized effects sizes, we conducted a meta-meta-analysis that shows an overall significant moderate effect of interventions is observable. Differentiation shows stronger effects for proximal outcomes (e.g., change in teacher knowledge or instructional practice) than for student learning. The synthesis of moderator effects yielded mixed results, and the quality of interventions appears more crucial than the length. Research gaps concern further theoretical development, the individual intervention studies’ research methodological standards, and improvement of literature reviews’ methodological quality. The results offer a theoretical background for future research on teacher education interventions and research progress in teacher education effectiveness.
DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTICS ASPECTS OF LUNG FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LEUKEMIA
Authors: Makieieva Nataliia , Koval Victoria , Tsymbal Valentyn , Biriukova Maryna , Diachenko Maryna , Kucherenko Maryna
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The aim of the study was to assess lung function in children with acute leukemia at different periods and determine a tolerance to physical activity in acute leukemia survivors.
Methods. Spirometry was conducted in 46 children aged 6–17 years with acute leukemia at the beginning of chemotherapy protocols (Group 1) and acute leukemia survivors, who had completed chemotherapy course, with remission for at least 2 years (Group 2). In acute leukemia survivors with a confirmed absence of respiratory diseases, a test with physical activity was performed (Group 2A). Spirometry was conducted with the help of the "SpiroCom", "KHAI-Medyka" spinographic complex Kharkiv, Ukraine. STATISTICA 8 (Tulsa, OK) and MedCalc 17.2 were used for statistical data analysis.
Results. Despite the normal values of medians of lung function parameters in children at the beginning of treatment, obstructive disorders were detected in 28.6% of children and restrictive disorders were detected in 9.5% of children. In acute leukemia subjects, obstructive disorders were detected in 12.0% of children and restrictive disorders were found in 12.0% of children. A decrease in tolerance to physical activity in acute leukemia survivors was detected. The study confirmed diagnostic and prognostic value of spirometry in pediatric acute leukemia patients. A decrease in mean expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity by less than 76.4% at the beginning of chemotherapy increases the risk of developing wheezing in children by 12.5 times during the treatment of acute leukemia (RR 12.5 (95 CI% 1.8–85.9)). Acute leukemia survivors with restrictive changes on spirometry revealed the formation of lung fibrosis, while those with obstructive changes – showed the signs of asthma.
Conclusions. Spirometry is a proper instrument for lung function monitoring and management of pulmonary complications in children with acute leukemia.
Heat Treatment and Its Effect on Tensile Strength of Fused Deposition Modeling 3D-Printed Titanium-Polylactic Acid (PLA)
Authors: Darsin Mahros , Susanti Rizqa Putri , Sumarji Sumarji , Ramadhan Mochamad Edoward , Sidartawan Robertus , Yudistiro Danang , Basuki Hari Arbiantara , Wibowo Robertoes Koekoeh Koentjoro , Djumhariyanto Dwi
Published: January 2025

Titanium is a biocompatible metal commonly applied in biomedical fields such as bone and dental implants. Recently, the produced titanium-Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament for 3D printing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique is easier to operate and affordable. This filament contains less than 20% PLA, which is also biocompatible but hydrophobic and capable of producing inflammation of the surrounding artificial living tissue. Therefore, a heat treatment is needed to reduce or even eliminate PLA. The research aimed to optimize the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of titanium-PLA filaments through heat treatment, demonstrating significant advancements in 3D printing applications for biocompatible materials. A Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) was carried out to find out the right temperature for reducing PLA levels. Specimens were heat treated with four temperatures at 100oC, 160oC, 190oC, and 543oC, and two holding times of 60 and 120 minutes. The mass of the specimens was weighed before and after heat treatment to determine the mass reduction and tested for tensile, micrograph, and fractography observation. The result is a meagre mass reduction. The highest tensile strength of the heat-treated specimen with a heat treatment temperature of 160oC and a holding time of 60 minutes is 18.310 MPa. However, it is still below the strength of the non-heat treated specimen, 19.890 MPa. Specimens with low tensile strength have a microstructure that shows an uneven distribution of titanium particles. Last, fractography shows porosity in the specimens with the lowest tensile strength.
Implementation of Clustering and Association for Early Warning of Disasters in Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Nurdiansyah Denny , Hayati Erna , Purnamasari Ika , Hidayanti Anna Apriana , Rahayu Yuliana Fuji
Published: January 2025

The research aimed to analyze the relationships between different types of disasters, assess the likelihood of disaster occurrences, and enhance knowledge and understanding of disaster patterns in Bojonegoro Regency. The goal was to enable better disaster prediction and preparedness in the future. The methods applied included mapping, clustering using the K-means algorithm, and association rule mining with the Apriori algorithm. Secondary data were obtained from the National Disaster Management Agency and the Bojonegoro Regency Regional Disaster Management Agency Office, covering eight types of disasters. The results reveal that the K-means model groups the data into 5 clusters from 28 sub-districts in Bojonegoro. There are 13 sub-districts in Cluster 0, 1 sub-district in Cluster 1, 4 sub-districts in Cluster 2, 6 sub-districts in Cluster 3, and 4 sub-districts in Cluster 4. The association rule analysis produces four association rules using a minimum support of 10% and a minimum confidence of 50%. The findings highlight that the Ngasem and Bojonegoro sub-districts require more focused disaster management. The fourth association rule has the highest confidence level at 78.79%, indicating that forest and land fires are likely to follow when drought occurs. The research implies that it can support more targeted disaster management focusing on high-risk sub-districts such as Ngasem and Bojonegoro. The originality of the research lies in its novel application of clustering and association rules to analyze disaster patterns in the region, with implications for more targeted disaster mitigation strategies.
Analysis of shimming performance and clearance influence under manipulation state
Authors: Feng Guang , Jiang Bingyan , Ruan Shuang , Zhang Ming
Published: January 2025

During the roll control process of an aircraft, shimmy often occurs, usually manifested as high-frequency and low amplitude vibrations. In order to better analyze the essential causes of landing gear shimmy, this paper establishes a flexible shimmy dynamics model for the nose landing gear and analyzes the influence of the hydraulic stiffness of the control actuator. The analysis shows that a decrease in stiffness will reduce the stability of the system, and the shimmy frequency will decrease, but the frequency will be higher than the reduced shimmy state. Finally, the system damping ratio is compared to evaluate the stability of the system. Based on the above model and combined with clearance theory, a set of shimmy dynamics model considering the influence of clearance was established. The results show that radial clearance has almost no effect on shimmy; The presence of axial clearance can cause equal amplitude vibration in the system, and increasing the clearance value can cause an increase in amplitude; When the initial swing angle of the system is different, the system will gradually swing to the same amplitude of vibration; There is a coupling effect between system stiffness and clearance values, and as the system stiffness decreases, its amplitude will increase nonlinearly.
Intervenciones de enfermería para el manejo no farmacológico del dolor en pacientes oncológicos. Un scoping review
Authors: Vallejo Chica Natalia , Tirado Otálvaro Andrés Felipe
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: integrar la evidencia científica disponible acerca de las intervenciones de enfermería para el manejo no farmacológico del dolor en pacientes oncológicos. Metodología: se realizó un scoping review de artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2023, en nueve bases de datos (National Library of Medicine, Lilacs, Bireme, EBSCO Host, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SAGE, y Taylor & Francis) considerando las recomendaciones de la guía internacional para la realización de scoping review (PRISMA-ScR). Resultados: se seleccionaron 23 artículos: dos revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura (una de ellas con metaanálisis), 18 estudios de intervención y tres estudios observacionales. Se encontró que el masaje terapéutico multisitio, la musicoterapia, el uso de realidad virtual y la aromaterapia son medidas útiles en la disminución del dolor en pacientes oncológicos. Conclusión: existen diversas medidas no farmacológicas que permiten mitigar la sensación dolorosa en pacientes oncológicos durante el proceso de enfermedad, entre ellas: masaje, reiki, imaginación guiada, realidad virtual, aromaterapia, yoga y musicoterapia, dichas medidas lograron disminuir la intensidad del dolor y mejorar del estado general de los pacientes.
The Exosome and its Application in Skin Wound Healing: A Systematic Review on In vitro Studies
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Bagher , Ghanbari-Movahed Zahra , Heydari Maryam , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein
Published: January 2025

Background:

Wound healing is a complex procedure frequently delayed in patients
with underlying chronic conditions. Despite essential advances in tissue engineering and regenerative
medicine, wound healing remains challenging, warranting novel methods for promoting
wound healing. It has been demonstrated that exosomes are one of the main secretory products
of different cell types, such as Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), for regulating various biological
processes, including wound healing. Henceforth, understanding these exosome effects might
assist in improving wound management and highlight a novel therapeutic model for cell-free
therapies with reduced side effects for repairing wounds.

Methods:

This systematic review involved conducting research electronically on scholarly scientific
databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. Eligibility checks were performed
based on predefined selection criteria. Finally, thirty-nine studies were considered.

Results:

Exosomes have been indicated to use multitargeted pathways to improve wound healing
by modulating numerous dysregulated signaling cascades involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle
regulation, metastasis, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.

Conclusion:

The outcome of this review might guide pre-clinical and clinical studies on the role
of exosomes in skin wound healing.
Repurposing Nano Curcumin: Unveiling its Therapeutic Potential in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Sharma Rarchita , Mali Yogesh , Agrawal Yogeeta. O. , Agnihotri Vinit V. , Goyal Sameer N.
Published: January 2025

Currently, diabetic nephropathy (DN) stands as the predominant global cause of endstage
renal disease. Many scientists believe that diabetes will eventually spread to pandemic levels
due to the rising prevalence of the disease. While the primary factor leading to diabetic nephropathy
is vascular dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia, several other pathological elements, such
as fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, also contribute to the progression of the disease.
The primary targets of current DN therapy approaches are the underlying abnormalities of hypertension
and glucose. With several targets and fewer side effects, curcumin is a commonly utilized
antioxidant in DN. The present study emphasizes the critical role of oxidative stress and inflammation
in the development of diabetic nephropathy. It reveals how these factors induce damage in
key kidney cell types, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for this disease. In addition,
by concentrating on Nrf2, SIRT1, HMGB1, NF-κB, and NLRP3 of curcumin, has strong anti-
inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. This review describes the role of curcumin in the
therapeutic application of diabetic nephropathy. In this attempt, we tried to elaborate on the
bench-to-bedside aspects of curcumin in DN, including clinical and preclinical investigations. The
rationales of curcumin’s mechanisms in alleviating symptoms of the DN were discussed. Curcumin
could serve as the potential therapeutic agent for the patient seeking to recover from DN.
The Diverse Roles of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTTIP in Breast and
Gynecological Cancer Progression
Authors: Dari Mahrokh Abouali Gale , Radmehr Safa , Khodadadi Ali , Shooshtari Maryam Khombi , Kempisty Bartosz , Farzaneh Maryam , Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush Mohadeseh
Published: January 2025

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in the development and
progression of various tumors through multiple mechanisms. Among these, HOTTIP
(HOXA transcript at the distal tip) stands out as an intriguing candidate with diverse
functions in several malignancies, including breast cancer and gynecologic cancers
such as ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, which are significant global health
concerns. HOTTIP interacts with key signaling pathways associated with these
cancers, including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, and MEK/ERK pathways, enhancing their
activation and downstream effects. Its influence extends to crucial aspects of cancer
biology, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, HOTTIP plays a pivotal role in
the pathogenesis of breast and gynecologic tumors by sponging various microRNAs
(miRNAs) and regulating the expression of mRNAs involved in critical molecular
processes. This dysregulation is often associated with poor clinical outcomes,
advanced disease stages, and distant metastases. Understanding the functional roles
of HOTTIP in these cancers is essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
This review aims to explore the emerging roles of HOTTIP in breast and gynecologic
cancers.
Extraction, Isolation and Purification of Catechins and their Applications
Authors: Cao Hong-Mei , Fang Jiao-Jiao , Zhao Yi-Tao , Zhao Pei-Hong , Chen Xin
Published: January 2025

Catechins, the main active components of tea polyphenols, boast remarkable antioxidant
activities because of their unique structures. This translates to a range of potential health benefits,
including fighting antibacterial, inflammation, and even cancers. However, extracting these beneficial
compounds can be tricky as they're prone to degradation. Thankfully, recent advancements
have yielded successful methods for isolating and purifying catechins, allowing us to obtain them in
their purest form. The power of catechins isn't just theoretical. In vitro and in vivo studies have
demonstrated promising results in treating various conditions like inflammation, cancer, neurodegenerative
diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and more. This review dives deep into the
methods used to extract, isolate, and purify catechins. Additionally, it explores their potent antioxidant
activities and exciting possibilities for future applications.
Heavy Metals Alter the Anti-cancer Potency of Medicinal Plants
Authors: Rizwan Amber , Aqeel Aatiquah , Idris Aisha , Farooqi Humaira
Published: January 2025

This review investigates the outcome of heavy metal contamination on the anti-cancer properties of
medicinal plants. Heavy metal pollution is a significant environmental concern globally, often found in soil and
water due to industrial activities. Therapeutic plants are recognized because of their therapeutic attributes and
their ability to absorbing these contaminants. This study examines how heavy metal exposure modifies the chemical
composition and efficacy of medicinal plants against cancer cells. Through a comprehensive review of existing
literature and experimental analysis, we explore the mechanisms by which heavy metals interact with bioactive
compounds in medicinal plants, affecting their anti-cancer potency. Findings reveal intricate interactions
among heavy metals and phytochemicals, leading to variations in cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Comprehending
these interactions is crucial for optimizing the utilization of medicinal plants in cancer treatment and for developing
approaches to alleviate the impacts of heavy metal contamination on their therapeutic potential. The
urgency of this issue cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts our ability to effectively treat cancer and preserve
our environment.