bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redescription of the Afrotropical genus Crassabwa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae: Protopatellata)
Authors: KLUGE NIKITA J. , GATTOLLIAT JEAN-LUC , SALLES FREDERICO F.
Published: November 2017

Larvae, subimagoes, imagoes of both sexes and eggs of Crassabwa flava (Crass 1947) are described based on reared material from South Africa, Zambia and Tanzania. Larvae, subimagoes, imagoes of both sexes and eggs of a new species Crassabwa ludmilae sp. n. are described based on reared material from Zambia, Guinea and Mali. Larvae and details of a male subimago extracted from a mature larva of a new species, Crassabwa ameliae sp. n., are described from Zambia, Guinea and Mali. Diagnosis of the genus Crassabwa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996 is corrected. Among species formerly attributed to Crassabwa, the species originally described as Centroptilum loweae Kimmins 1949 is moved to Cheleocloeon Wuillot & Gillies 1993 and synonymized with Ch. excisum (Barnard 1932): Cheleocloeon excisum (Barnard 1932) = Cheleocloeon loweae (Kimmins 1949) comb. n., syn. n. The species formerly attributed to Crassabwa and originally described as Centroptilum badium Kopelke 1979 belongs to a new genus, which will be described in a separate paper by N. Kluge. Crassabwa is closely related to Susua Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1998; the species originally described as Cheleocloeon sigiense Gillies 2001 is treated here as Susua sigiense comb. n.; redescription of Susua and argumentation of this new combination will be given in a separate paper.
Taxonomic status of Chrysophanus phoenicurus transcaucasicus Miller, 1923 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae), with the designation of a neotype
Authors: KRUPITSKY ANATOLY V.
Published: November 2017

The taxonomic status is clarified for the lycaenine taxon Chrysophanus phoenicurus transcaucasicus Miller, 1923 described from one male collected in eastern Turkey and currently treated within the genus Athamanthia Zhdanko, 1983. Based on the appearance and morphology of the male genitalia compared with A. phoenicurus (Lederer, 1870), it is recognized here as a separate species, A. transcaucasica (Miller, 1923), stat. nov. (= Lycaena melicertes Nekrutenko, 1985). Its holotype is lost, and a neotype is designated herein from recent material collected near the type locality to retain nomenclatural stability. A key to the species of the A. phoenicurus group based on wings pattern and male genitalia is presented.
On identification errors in Scytalopus speluncae (Ménétriés) and S. pachecoi Maurício from southern Brazil with new data on distribution and biogeography of these taxa (Aves: Rhinocryptidae)
Authors: MAURÍCIO GIOVANNI NACHTIGALL , BORNSCHEIN MARCOS RICARDO
Published: November 2017

The Brazilian tapaculo Scytalopus speluncae species-group has been the subject of intense taxonomic work in the past 18 years, with six new species being named in that time lapse and other taxonomic problems having been highlighted (Bornschein et al. 1998, 2007; Maurício 2005; Raposo et al. 2006, 2012; Mata et al. 2009; Whitney et al. 2010; Maurício et al. 2010, 2014; Pulido-Santacruz et al. 2016). One of the most persistent of these problems involves the oldest name in this group, S. speluncae (Ménétriès), and the taxa it may represent. Historically, this name has been applied to the dark gray populations (whose adult males have plain gray flanks) occurring along coastal mountains between Espírito Santo and São Paulo states in Brazil (Raposo et al. 2006; Maurício et al. 2010). Subsequently, dark gray populations from the Brazilian states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, as well as paler gray birds with black-barred brown flanks from northeastern Argentina (Misiones Province) and adjacent southern Brazilian states were also subsumed under S. speluncae (Bornschein et al. 1998; Maurício 2005; Maurício et al. 2010). However, the paler gray, barred populations from Argentina and some parts of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul have proved to be a distinct and partially sympatric species named S. pachecoi Maurício, which was shown to be not closely related to S. speluncae, but rather pertains to the very divergent clade of S. novacapitalis Sick and related forms (Maurício 2005; Mata et al. 2009). On the other hand, the dark-gray populations coming from Espírito Santo south to Rio Grande do Sul continued to be identified as S. speluncae.
Taxonomic review of the Oriental flower beetle Coilodera penicillata species complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)
Authors: QIU JIAN-YUE , XU HAO , CHEN LI
Published: November 2017

The taxonomy of the Coilodera penicillata Hope, 1831 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) species complex, which is recognized by the black body and elytra with larger tomentose maculae, is revised. Six Indochinese species assigned to this complex, including C. grandimaculata new species from Tibet, China. Coilodera nigroscutellaris Moser, 1902 revised status and C. formosana Moser, 1910 revised status formerly treated as two subspecies of C. penicillata Hope, 1831 are elevated to species rank. The distribution of C. penicillata in China is confirmed based on examination of specimens from Yunnan and Tibet, and almost all previous Chinese literature records should be referred to C. nigroscutellaris. Coilodera dives (Gory & Percheron, 1833) revised status previously synonymized with C. penicillata is herein considered as a valid species based on the examination of types and additional specimens, and C. miksici Antoine, 1986 new synonymy is regarded as a junior synonym of C. dives. A lectotype is designated for Coilodera dives (Gory & Percheron, 1833). The record of C. mearesii (Westwood, 1842) in southeastern China is attributed to a misidentification of C. nigroscutellaris, and it is here newly recoreded from Tibet near the Nepal-China border. Diagnosis characters and intraspecific variations are illustrated for all six species, new distribution records and a key to species are also presented. Ecological information is provided for all species.
9. What Could the Empress Know About Her Money? Russian Poll Tax Revenues in the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Korchmina Elena
Published: November 2017

Korchmina points out that bureaucratic institutions need relevant information in order to be able to fulfil their functions, and she explores the extent to which the tax authorities (particularly in the 18th century) did or did not have the means to inform themselves about the financial situation around the empire. Korchmina poses the question – to what extent was eighteenth century Russia undergoverned? To answer this, she looks at whether the Russian government in the middle of the eighteenth century had enough informational resources to conduct a sensible financial policy, and whether there were enough officials to collect taxes and report on the revenue (in this case, the poll tax).
Chemometric Methods for Estimating the Strain Hardening Modulus in Polyethylene Resins
Authors: DesLauriers Paul J. , Cole Nathan , Lamborn Mark C. , White Collin G. , Lavine Barry K.
Published: November 2017

The feasibility of using multiway or N-way partial least square (NPLS) methods to estimate physical properties of 1-butene and 1-hexene polyethylene (PE) copolymers directly from multidimensional data obtained from size exclusion chromatography coupled to a Fourier transform infrared detector (SEC FT-IR) was explored. Digital sample sets of horizontal slices (slabs) of two-dimensional data simulating the molecular weight distribution and the corresponding orthogonal FT-IR spectra were correlated to a particular Y-block response using NPLS. The NPLS results were compared to those obtained through separate estimations using various algorithms and exploratory response surface methods. The estimated strain hardening modulus () for bimodal PE-like digital structures could adequately be modeled using both the linear response surface method (RSM) and NPLS. Although different input values were used, the predicted values for  by NPLS was found to mirror both the analytical results and the expected structural effects obtained using linear RSM models.
Birth Defects Associated With Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Mexico
Authors: Contreras-Capetillo Silvina Noemí , Valadéz-González Nina , Manrique-Saide Pablo , Carcaño-Castillo Rafael Eduardo , Pacheco-Tugores Freddy , Barrera-Pérez Hirian Alonso Moshe , Pinto-Escalante Doris , Lliteras-Cardín Manuel , Hoil-Parra José Alfredo , Cáceres-Solís José Luis , Pavía-Ruz Norma
Published: November 2017

Part of the work agenda of international health authorities is to define the clinical spectrum of the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in different territories. We describe the clinical variability that gave rise to the suspicion of CZS in 3 newborn patients in the south of Mexico with active transmission of Zika. All of them presented Zika RNA by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and positive antibodies for IgM by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. None of the mothers tested positive for active viremia, only one mother had Zika-symptoms and titers of Zika-positive IgM. Intrauterine growth restriction, brain disruption sequence, and intracranial calcifications are the clinical characteristics common in all. One patient had neural tube defect and other, arthrogryposis. Because the majority of pregnant women will be asymptomatic to Zika, we must be alert to the clinical variability of the birth defects associated to pregnancy Zika infection. Reports of clinical cases encourage the medical community to make diagnostic decisions.
Youth as an artefact of governing violence: Violence to young people shapes violence by young people
Authors: Lohmeyer Ben Arnold
Published: November 2017

Young people are routinely depicted as uniquely violent. Much work has been done, particularly within the sociology of youth, to dispel this misconception. However, these portrayals persist, as does the narrative of youth as a period of transition. This article argues that the transition in youth is a process of governing violence into sanctioned forms. To achieve adult status young people must conform to sanctioned forms of violence. Furthermore, the article argues that the physical, structural and symbolic violence done to young people, shapes the violence done by them. Youth is an intensely governed period. The young people in focus in this article are subject to additional governing by the state. They are hyper-governed. This article draws on labelling theory and the analytics of governmentality to analyse hyper-governed young people’s experiences of ubiquitous violence. Hyper-governed young people describe experiences of ‘neoliberal violence’ that produce docility and progressively increasing commitments to the norms of violence. The article concludes, therefore, that youth is an artefact of violence that governs, but also the product of governing young people’s violence. Youth as an artefact of governing violence describes violence done to young people shaping violence done by young people.
Social work in East Africa: A mzungu perspective
Authors: Spitzer Helmut
Published: November 2017

Social work in East Africa is confronted with myriad social and structural problems. The heritage of imported theories and concepts from the West is still affecting education and practice. The profession lacks resources and has only limited influence on social policies. Since 2010, a multi-phase, research-focused project called PROSOWO has been running in order to bring the professionalization of social work on the agenda. In this article, empirical data are discussed with regard to developmental and indigenized social work in these countries. The discussion reflects on social work in East Africa from a cross-cultural perspective.
Voices of Ethiopian immigrant women
Authors: Oliphant Sarah Moore
Published: November 2017

This qualitative research article explored the lived experience of Ethiopian immigrant women in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area. Data were collected through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 14 participants. The themes that emerged included the important role family members who already lived in the United States played in connecting participants with housing, jobs, and educational opportunities.
Garnet and Al-flyash composite under dry sliding conditions
Authors: Sivakumar S , Senthil Kumaran S , Uthayakumar M , Daniel Das A
Published: November 2017

The dry sliding wear behaviour of LM 24 aluminum alloy composites reinforced with garnet particles was evaluated. Stir casting technique was used to fabricate the composites. A pin-on-disc wear-testing machine was used to evaluate the wear rate, in which an EN 24 steel disc was used as the counterface. Results indicated that the wear rates of the composites were lower than that of the matrix alloy and further decreased with the increase in garnet content. However, in both unreinforced and reinforced composites, the wear rate increased with the increase in load and the sliding speed. Increase in the applied load increased the wear severity by changing the wear mechanism from abrasion to particle cracking-induced delamination wear. It was found that with the increase in garnet content, the wear resistance increased monotonically. The observations have been explained using scanning electron microscopy analysis of the worn surfaces and the subsurface of the composites. In this work, the most influencing input and output parameters have been performed and the process parameters have been prioritized using genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the most influencing input as well as output process parameters. The practical significance of applying genetic algorithm to dry sliding wear behavior process has been validated by means of computing the deviation between predicted and experimentally obtained wear behavior of metal matrix composite.
Portuguese Version of the Arousal Predisposition Scale: Preliminary Evidence for a Two-Factor Structure in a Nonclinical Sample
Authors: Ruivo Marques Daniel , Gomes Ana Allen , de Azevedo Maria Helena Pinto
Published: November 2017

It is known that there is significant variability in arousal levels of the individuals. The Arousal Predisposition Scale (APS) is a questionnaire intended to measure individual differences in arousability. In the current work, our aim was to present the initial psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the APS. Three hundred forty-five undergraduate medical students from both genders were enrolled. All participants filled out a set of questionnaires—which contained the APS—at the end of their lectures and out of the evaluation period. The APS showed good internal consistency (α = .85) and discriminated individuals with extreme scores. Further, in general, the scale discriminated as well both genders pertaining to the individual items and total score. In terms of scale structure, two related factors were extracted (F1 = emotional reactivity and F2 = trait anxiety). Significant associations among APS and other sleep and psychological self-report variables were also observed. The APS seems to be a reliable and valid instrument to assess self-reported physiological arousability, at least in a sample of young adults. The two-factor composition will require more studies to be replicated in similar groups and, particularly, in clinical samples.
Evaluating the evidence in evidence-based policy and practice: Examples from systematic reviews of literature
Authors: See Beng Huat
Published: November 2017

With the push for evidence-informed policy and practice, schools and policy makers are now increasingly encouraged and supported to use and enagage with research evidence. This means that consumers of research will now need to be discerning in judging the quality of research evidence that will inform their decisions. This paper evaluates the quality of evidence behind some well-known education programmes using examples from previous reviews of over 5,000 studies on a range of topics. It shows that much of the evidence is weak, and fundamental flaws in research are not uncommon. This is a serious problem if teaching practices and important policy decisions are made based on such flawed evidence. Lives may be damaged and opportunities missed. The aim of this paper is to show how widespread this problem is and to suggest ways by which the quality of education research may be improved. For example, funders of research and research bodies need to insist on quality research and fund only those that meet the minimum quality criteria. Journal editors and reviewers need to be cognizant of fundamental flaws in research and reject such submissions. One way to do this is to encourage submission of the research design and research protocol prior to acceptance, so acceptance or rejection is based on the design and not on the outcomes. This helps prevent publication bias and biased reporting. Individual researchers can improve quality by making it their moral responsibility to be truthful and transparent.
Primatology of Science: On the Birth of Actor-Network Theory from Baboon Field Observations
Authors: Langlitz Nicolas
Published: November 2017

This article situates actor-network theory in the history of evolutionary anthropology. In the 1980s, this attempt at explaining the social through the mediation of nonhumans received important impulses from Bruno Latour’s conversations with primatologist Shirley Strum. In a re-articulation of social evolutionism, they proposed that the utilization of objects distinguished humans from baboons and that the use of a growing number of objects set industrialized human populations apart from hunter-gatherers, enabling the formation of larger collectives. While Strum’s and Latour’s early work presented baboons as almost human and suggested that we moderns had never been modern, the Anthropocene has reawakened curiosity about the original question of anthropology: how do modern humans, including modern scientists, differ from premoderns and animals? This 18th-century question is gaining new significance and urgency as we recognize our transmutation into a super-dominant species. But the answer might not lie solely in the use of more objects.
Semianalytical compressive strength criteria for unidirectional composites
Authors: Breiman Uri , Aboudi Jacob , Haj-Ali Rami
Published: November 2017

The compressive strength of unidirectional composites is strongly influenced by the elastic and strength properties of the fiber and matrix phases, as well as by the local geometrical properties, such as fiber volume fraction, misalignment, and waviness. In the present investigation, two microbuckling criteria are proposed and examined against a large volume of measured data of unidirectional composites taken from the literature. The first criterion is based on the compressive strength formulation using the buckling of Timoshenko’s beam. It contains a single parameter that can be determined according to the best fit to experimental data for various types of polymeric matrix composites. The second criterion is based on buckling-wave propagation analogy using the solution of an eigenvalue problem. Both criteria provide closed-form expressions for the compressive strength of unidirectional composites. We propose modifications of the two criteria by a fitting approach, for a wide range of fiber volume fractions, applied to four classes of unidirectional composite systems. Furthermore, a normalized form of the two models is presented after calibration in order to compare their prediction against experimental data for each of the material systems. The new modified criteria are shown to give a good match to a wide range of unidirectional composite systems. They can be employed as practical compression failure criteria in the analysis and design of laminated structures.
Waste management barriers in developing country hospitals: Case study and AHP analysis
Authors: Delmonico Diego V de Godoy , Santos Hugo H dos , Pinheiro Marco AP , de Castro Rosani , de Souza Regiane M
Published: November 2017

Healthcare waste management is an essential field for both researchers and practitioners. Although there have been few studies using statistical methods for its evaluation, it has been the subject of several studies in different contexts. Furthermore, the known precarious practices for waste management in developing countries raise questions about its potential barriers. This study aims to investigate the barriers in healthcare waste management and their relevance. For this purpose, this paper analyses waste management practices in two Brazilian hospitals by using case study and the Analytic Hierarchy Process method. The barriers were organized into three categories – human factors, management, and infrastructure, and the main findings suggest that cost and employee awareness were the most significant barriers. These results highlight the main barriers to more sustainable waste management, and provide an empirical basis for multi-criteria evaluation of the literature.
Breastfeeding Practices and Barriers to Implementing the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding in Mississippi Hospitals
Authors: Alakaam Amir , Lemacks Jennifer , Yadrick Kathleen , Connell Carol , Choi Hwanseok Winston , Newman Ray G.
Published: November 2017

Background:

Mississippi has the lowest rates of breastfeeding in the United States at 6 and 12 months. There is growing evidence that the rates and duration of infant breastfeeding improve after hospitals implement the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding; moreover, the Ten Steps approach is considered the standard model for evaluation of breastfeeding practices in birthplaces.

Research aim:

This study aimed to examine the implementation level of the Ten Steps and identify barriers to implementing the Ten Steps in Mississippi hospitals.

Methods:

A cross-sectional self-report survey was used to answer the research aim. Nurse managers of the birthing and maternity units of all 43 Mississippi hospitals that provided birthing and maternity care were recruited. A response rate of 72% ( N = 31) was obtained. Implementation of the Ten Steps in these hospitals was categorized as low, partial, moderate, or high.

Results:

The researcher classified implementation in 29% of hospitals as moderate and in 71% as partial. The hospital level of implementation was significantly positively associated with the hospital delivery rate along with the hospital cesarean section rate per year. The main barriers for the implementation process of the Ten Steps reported were resistance to new policies, limited financial and human resources, and lack of support from national and state governments.

Conclusion:

Breastfeeding practices in Mississippi hospitals need to be improved. New policies need to be established in Mississippi to encourage hospitals to adopt the Ten Steps policies and practice in the maternity and birthing units.
A Beginning and not the End: Work After a Diagnosis of Dementia
Authors: Williams Jannine , Richardson Sue , Draper Elizabeth
Published: November 2017

While there is a growing literature on the experiences of disabled workers, this article presents an account of a work experience not frequently documented: being employed while living with dementia. It does this through the account of Elizabeth Draper, an NHS Hospital Trust manager, who received a diagnosis of dementia while employed. The article offers new ways of conceptualizing the struggles of disabled workers to continue with their project of self-becoming through work. It shows how work practices can enact violence through ‘non-recognition’ and how workers can subvert this violence to create opportunities for future development.
History of lobotomy in Poland
Authors: Jęczmińska Kinga
Published: November 2017

In Poland, there were 176 cases of prefrontal leucotomy performed by Moniz’s method between 1947 and 1951. There were also several cases in which alternative psychosurgical techniques were used: prefrontal topectomy by Bilikiewicz and colleagues, and prefrontal topischemia by Ziemnowicz. This article analyses the following: publications by Choróbski, who performed lobotomy in Poland, and by Korzeniowski, who assessed its short-term results; a report by Bornsztajn, who reviewed general results of the method; and clinical research by Broszkiewicz and by Konieczyńska, who assessed Polish patients in terms of long-term results of lobotomy. Negative clinical evaluation of lobotomy led to its abandonment in Poland, a decision strengthened by a regulation that forbade lobotomy in the USSR and impacted Polish psychiatry.
Parameterization of traditional domed-roofs insolation in hot-arid climates in Aswan, Egypt
Authors: Ayoub Mohammed , Elseragy Ahmed
Published: November 2017

This paper is part of a continuing study that aims at investigating the relationship between the amount of the solar radiation received on curved roofs and their geometrical configurations. It introduces computational method as a tool for the parametric approach in passive building design, enhancing the use and design of traditional domed-roof forms in hot-arid climates. The main objective behind this is to explore multiple configurations of domed-roof forms (semicircular, pointed, and faceted) and perform insolation investigations on them to discover the form that minimizes the quantity of received solar radiation with regard to variations in the received average daily solar irradiance (kW h/m2/day). The geographical latitude of Aswan (23.58°N) has been chosen to represent hot-arid regions of southern Egypt. Rhinoceros’s Grasshopper, a graphical algorithm editor, its component of gECO, and Autodesk’s Ecotect are utilized to establish such approach. The findings of the paper confirm that the maximum average daily solar irradiance is often recorded at flat surfaces. While the value varies from dome form to another, it decreases with the increase of the concaveness of domed-roof forms. The findings accomplish that domed-roof forms facilitate a significant decrease in the received average daily solar irradiance above their surface, when compared to flat surface, in both summer and winter. The paper concludes that domed-roof forms have great impact on minimizing the intensity of the received solar irradiance by maximizing the ratio between the dome’s height and its radius. Thus, they reduce the required energy for cooling in hot climates, and consequently, provide indoor thermal comfort.
Care Workers in Argentina
Authors: Esquivel Valeria , Pereyra Francisca
Published: November 2017

The working conditions, relative wages, and social standing of care occupations are the result of diverse causes that can worsen, improve, or neutralize the labor disadvantages usually found in care occupations. This article seeks to provide a perspective on the factors underlying care workers’ working conditions in Argentina. It presents a comparative analysis of three highly feminized occupations—early education teachers, nurses, and domestic workers. After highlighting the different working conditions among these occupations, the paper focuses on the critically important role that unionization and state policies have played in defining each labor context in Argentina. The analysis shows how workers’ evaluation of their occupation and working conditions are fundamentally shaped by these two variables.
Ultrasound-Guided Hyaluronic Acid Injection for the Management of Morton’s Neuroma
Authors: Lee Kang , Hwang Il-Yeong , Ryu Chang Hyun , Lee Jae Woo , Kang Seung Woo
Published: November 2017

Background:

Morton’s neuroma is one of the common causes of forefoot pain. In the present study, hyaluronic acid injection was performed on patients to determine the efficacy and adverse effects of hyaluronic acid in management of Morton’s neuroma.

Methods:

Eighty-three patients with Morton’s neuroma in their third intermetatarsal space with definite Mulder’s click were included in the study. Those with severe forefoot deformities such as forefoot cavus or hallux valgus on plain X-rays were excluded. Ultrasound-guided hyaluronic acid injections were performed on all patients weekly for 3 weeks. Pain during walking using visual analogue scale (VAS) and AOFAS Forefoot Scale were prospectively evaluated preinjection, and at 2, 4, 6, 12 months postinjection.

Results:

Significant improvement in VAS and AOFAS Forefoot Scale were seen overall at 2 months after hyaluronic acid injections ( P < .05). Then, there were almost no changes after 4 months, continuing until 12 months. The mean VAS was decreased from 73.1 initially to 23.0 at 12 months and AOFAS Forefoot Scale was increased from 32.2 to 86.5. There were no complications which occurred.

Conclusion:

In the present study, ultrasound-guided hyaluronic injection was clinically effective for pain relief and functional improvement for at least 12 months in patients with Morton’s neuroma. However, numbness associated with Morton’s neuroma should be addressed more cautiously since it may persist without much improvement.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
The myth of Sweden’s success: A deconstructive reading of the discourses in gender mainstreaming texts
Authors: Andersson Renée
Published: November 2017

This article investigates discourses of Sweden’s success in gender mainstreaming. Using the theoretical concept of myth, discourse analysis is performed on different categories of texts (including academic texts, grey papers and official reports). The aim is to analyse how this discourse of success is constructed and to increase the understanding of its components. The themes identified in the reading include adaptation, integration, volume and initiatives. In conclusion, it is argued that a conflation of gender mainstreaming (viewed as a strategy) with gender equality (as a policy objective) has been a vital part of the construction of Sweden as the best case of gender mainstreaming.
Paedophilia discourses in Denmark: Towards a mixed method digital discourse approach
Authors: Landstrøm Eva Koblauch , Jeppesen Sofie Høj , Demant Jakob
Published: November 2017

This study contributes novel digital mixed methods and findings on how fear of paedophilia affects parents and children’s bodily relations. We explore how norms for appropriate behaviour between parents and children are constructed in the public debate on a specific case, where a mother has playful contact with her son’s genitals. The case triggered a public debate with both negative and positive reactions. A Laclau and Mouffe-inspired analytical framework and internet-specific tools for data collection as well as processing contribute to the development of a new form of discourse analysis. This new discourse analysis is based on a combination of the digital tools word cloud and topic models, and a qualitative in-depth reading. By exploring discursive constructions and articulations of right and wrong, the study supports earlier findings that the online public unanimously agrees with the dictum of child innocence. However, we find openness within the discourses on how to define respectively healthy and damaging parental behaviour towards children.
(Re)defining heteronormativity
Authors: Marchia Joseph , Sommer Jamie M
Published: November 2017

In this article, we examine definitions tied to the term heteronormativity. Taking a random sample of articles from Gender Studies and SociIndex, and a purposive sample of articles from various journals with the highest citation count and relevancy to the field, we analyze how meanings of heteronormativity transformed from the time of its conception until the present. We find that the word has deviated from its original meanings, with subsequently published articles relying on different theoretical frames. We delineate the different uses of heteronormativity into four discrete categories that each follow differing threads of theory, from that of Foucault and Warner/Seidman, Rich, Butler, and Rubin. To encourage clarification in future scholarship, we provide prefixes for each use of heteronormativity, which correspond to each theoretical trend: heterosexist-heteronormativity, gendered-heteronormativity, hegemonic-heteronormativity, and cisnormative-heteronormativity. This new language will allow researchers to continue to expose and unveil heteronormativity and foster clear dialogue on its multidimensional properties.
On the move: Twentieth anniversary editorial of the European Journal of Cultural Studies
Authors: Hermes Joke , Kooijman Jaap , Littler Jo , Wood Helen
Published: November 2017

Twenty years of the European Journal of Cultural Studies is a cause for celebration. We do so with a festive issue that comes together with our first free open access top articles in three areas that readers have sought us out for: postfeminism, television beyond textual analysis and cultural labour in the creative industries. The issue opens with freshly commissioned introductory essays to these three thematic areas by key authors in those fields. In addition, the issue offers new articles showcasing the range of the broad field of cultural studies today, including pieces on the politics of co-working, punk in China, Black British women on YouTube, trans-pedagogy and fantasy sports gameplay, featuring work by emerging as well as established scholars. Our editorial introduction to this celebratory issue offers reflections on how both the journal and the field of cultural studies have developed, and on our thoughts and ambitions for the future within the current conjuncture as we ‘move on’ as a new editorial team.
Living With Inequality: Neighborhood Income Diversity and Perceptions of the Income Gap
Authors: Minkoff Scott L. , Lyons Jeffrey
Published: November 2017

This article explores whether the places where people live—and specifically the diversity of incomes where people live—influence views about income inequality. Using a unique survey of New York City that contains geographic identifiers and questions about attitudes toward inequality, coupled with a rich array of Census data, we assess the degree to which the income diversity within spatially customized neighborhood boundaries influences beliefs about inequality. We find consistent evidence that attitudes about inequality are influenced by the places where people live—those who are exposed to more income diversity near their homes perceive larger gaps between the rich and everybody else, and are more likely to believe that the gap should be smaller. Moreover, this effect appears to be especially pronounced among those with lower educational attainment and at either end of the income spectrum.
Facebook and the Napalm Girl: Reframing the Iconic as Pornographic
Authors: Ibrahim Yasmin
Published: November 2017

Facebook’s banning of the photo of the iconic Napalm Girl before it was reinstated due to public criticism of the social networking facility was a symbolic and material act of incursion on the sacred. It underscored the prowess of the technology firm as a platform for content sharing from breaking news to banal images where millions of images are shared and integrated through networked relationships and its circulation economy, re-framing and re-configuring social memory, history and morality. More importantly, it asserted the “technological gaze” of Facebook where its system of managing content can turn the sacred into puerile and the puerile into popular entertainment, flattening, and re-mapping content through its own moral sensibilities. This Facebook economy imposes its own morality through its “technological gaze,” and in the process thwarts our “projects of memory” opening up wider ethical challenges for society and humanity.
Quantitative Brain MRI in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: In Vivo Assessment of the Cognitive and Structural Impact of Steroid Hormones
Authors: Webb Emma A , Elliott Lucy , Carlin Dominic , Wilson Martin , Hall Kirsty , Netherton Jennifer , Reed Julie , Barrett Tim G , Salwani Vijay , Clayden Jon D , Arlt Wiebke , Krone Nils , Peet Andrew C , Wood Amanda G
Published: November 2017

Context

Brain white matter hyperintensities are seen on routine clinical imaging in 46% of adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The extent and functional relevance of these abnormalities have not been studied with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis.

Objective

To examine white matter microstructure, neural volumes, and central nervous system (CNS) metabolites in CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) and to determine whether identified abnormalities are associated with cognition, glucocorticoid, and androgen exposure.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital including 19 women (18 to 50 years) with 21OHD and 19 age-matched healthy women.

Main Outcome Measure

Recruits underwent cognitive assessment and brain imaging, including diffusion weighted imaging of white matter, T1-weighted volumetry, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for neural metabolites. We evaluated white matter microstructure by using tract-based spatial statistics. We compared cognitive scores, neural volumes, and metabolites between groups and relationships between glucocorticoid exposure, MRI, and neurologic outcomes.

Results

Patients with 21OHD had widespread reductions in white matter structural integrity, reduced volumes of right hippocampus, bilateral thalami, cerebellum, and brainstem, and reduced mesial temporal lobe total choline content. Working memory, processing speed, and digit span and matrix reasoning scores were reduced in patients with 21OHD, despite similar education and intelligence to controls. Patients with 21OHD exposed to higher glucocorticoid doses had greater abnormalities in white matter microstructure and cognitive performance.

Conclusion

We demonstrate that 21OHD and current glucocorticoid replacement regimens have a profound impact on brain morphology and function. If reversible, these CNS markers are a potential target for treatment.
Δυσαριθμησία και τρόποι αντιμετώπισης κατά τη διδακτική πρακτική
Authors: ΑΝΤΩΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΜΑΤΘΑΙΟΣ , ΑΝΤΩΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ ΕΛΕΟΝΩΡΑ
Published: November 2017

Σε αυτή την εργασία στο πρώτο μέρος γίνεται αναφορά στα χαρακτηριστικά των ατόμων που έχουν δυσαριθμησία.  Στο δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζονται κάποιες γενικές αρχές που μπορούν να ακολουθήσουν οι καθηγητές για την αντιμετώπιση των δυσκολιών στα μαθηματικά των μαθητών που έχουν δυσαριθμησία αλλά παράλληλα δίνονται και συγκεκριμένες στρατηγικές αντιμετώπισης.
Διαταραχές ύπνου σε παιδιά με Διαταραχή Αυτιστικού Φάσματος (ΔΑΦ)
Authors: Γρηγοριάδης Ανδρέας , Συριοπούλου Χριστίνα , Σίμος Γρηγόρης
Published: November 2017

Σύμφωνα με το DSM-5 (2013) τα άτομα με διαταραχή αυτιστικού φάσματος (ΔΑΦ), χαρακτηρίζονται από περιορισμένα ενδιαφέροντα και επαναλαμβανόμενες συμπεριφορές, σοβαρή καθυστέρηση στην κοινωνική αλληλεπίδραση και την επικοινωνία, αποκλίσεις που κάνουν την εμφάνιση τους από την πρώιμη παιδική ηλικία. Η ΔΑΦ αποτελεί αναπτυξιακή διαταραχή που επηρεάζει όλες τις εκφάνσεις της ανάπτυξης και ζωής του ατόμου. Σύμφωνα με τη βιβλιογραφία, τα παιδιά με ΔΑΦ αντιμετωπίζουν προβλήματα ύπνου σε ποσοστό 44-83% του πληθυσμού αυτού (Richdale, 1999).Σκοπός της εργασίας, είναι η έρευνα των προβλημάτων ύπνου ατόμων με ΔΑΦ σύμφωνα με τις αναφορές των γονέων τους. Με σκοπό τη διερεύνηση αυτού του ζητήματος 35 παιδιά με ΔΑΦ και 35 τυπικής ανάπτυξης (ΤΑ) επιλέχθηκαν από τη Βόρεια Ελλάδα. Η παρούσα έρευνα βασίστηκε σε δομημένο ερωτηματολόγιο (Williams et al., 2004) το οποίο αποτελεί τροποποιημένη έκδοση του ερωτηματολογίου της μελέτης που έγινε από το Kosair Children’s Hospital Sleep Center (Gozal, 1998).Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας φανερώνουν πως άτομα με ΔΑΦ αντιμετωπίζουν συχνότερα διαταραχές ύπνου σε σχέση με άτομα ΤΑ, ενώ επίσης τα άτομα με ΔΑΦ εκδηλώνουν συχνότερα πολλαπλές βραδινές αφυπνίσεις, δυσκολία έως ότου αποκοιμηθούν και δυσκολίες στην αναπνοή κατά τον ύπνο.
Φτώχεια και ψυχική υγεία: Διερεύνηση των ψυχοκοινωνικών επιπτώσεων της φτώχειας στο παιδί και την οικογένεια
Authors: Mpotou Anastasia , Tsergas Nikolaos , Kalouri Ourania
Published: November 2017

Η εργασία αυτή εξετάζει την επίδραση της φτώχειας και ιδιαίτερα τις ψυχοκοινωνικές συνέπειες της στο παιδί και την οικογένεια. Δραματικές είναι οι επιπτώσεις της φτώχειας στα παιδιά και τις οικογένειες με ιστορικό μακροχρόνιας φτώχειας (histories of poverty), καθώς συναντούν εμπόδια στη μετέπειτα εξέλιξή τους. Η φτώχεια επιδρά αρνητικά στην ανάπτυξη των παιδιών, τη σχολική επίδοση και τη σταδιοδρομία τους, διαταράσσει τις ενδοοικογενειακές σχέσεις, την επικοινωνία των συζύγων και τις σχέσεις ανάμεσα στα παιδιά και τους γονείς. Η κατάσταση της φτώχειας καθιστά ευάλωτα τα άτομα στο ενδεχόμενο να εμφανίσουν κάποια σοβαρή ψυχική ασθένεια. Η φτώχεια δεν είναι απλώς ένα οικονομικό θέμα, αποτελεί σημαντικό κοινωνικό πρόβλημα όχι μόνον για τις αναπτυσσόμενες, αλλά και για τις οικονομικά προηγμένες χώρες, συνιστά μια μορφή κρίσης που τείνει να λάβει παγκόσμιες διαστάσεις.
Διερεύνηση διαφυλικών διαφορών ως προς την εκδήλωση αγχωδών διαταραχών σε μαθητές της Ε' και Στ' Δημοτικού
Authors: Καρτέρης Βασίλειος , Αντωνίου Αλέξανδρος-Σταμάτιος
Published: November 2017

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders in childhood and adversely affect the functioning of children in various important areas of their life. According to contemporary international research, girls seem to be more prone to the appearance of anxiety disorder. This survey was conducted on a sample of 461 pupils of grades E and F in urban and semi-urban areas of Greece and confirmed the findings of corresponding international studies. In particular, it was found that gender significantly affects the occurrence of specific phobia (fear of bodily injury), generalized anxiety disorder, panic-agoraphobia, social phobia and separation anxiety. Typically, girls appeared to have higher levels of anxiety in various events in their lives. It has been shown that early detection and early intervention, along with the strengthening of counseling parents, contribute significantly to the smooth psychosomal development of children with anxiety disorders.
Η επίδραση της γονικής κατάθλιψης στην ψυχική υγεία των παιδιών
Authors: Κορωναίου Παρασκευή , Antoniou Alexandros - Stamatios
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of depression on the mental health of their children, such as the risk of developing depression in adolescent and adulthood. Although the precise mechanisms of linking parental depression to child psychological problems are unknown, genetic and environmental factors seem to play an important role. Surveys have found that children whose parents were diagnosed with depression were two to three times more likely to develop mental problems than those whose parents did not have depression. Because of depression, the individual suffers in basic social and emotional areas and therefore parents with this disorder appear to have deficits in their interactions with their children, with negative consequences for the development of the latter. Parental depression may also affect children's behavior in indirect ways, such as intercourse and divorce in the family. With regard to mother, postpartum depression appears to have an important role, which may have later consequences for the behavior of girls and boys, and depression in the father is seen to have a greater impact on boys who are at greater risk of developing behavioral difficulties. In addition, the potential for emotional difficulties in children increases when the family coexists with both mental health and socio-economic problems, indicating that coping with the particular needs of these families is likely to prevent childhood mental problems.
Η οικονομική κρίση ως παράγοντας αλλαγής στη σχολική μονάδα
Authors: Αθανασίου Ιωάννης
Published: November 2017

Στόχοι της παρούσας μελέτης είναι 1) να αναλύσει το σχολείο ως ανοικτό κοινωνικό σύστημα, 2) να εντρυφήσει στη σχέση σχολείου και περιβάλλοντος, 3) να ορίσει την εκπαιδευτική αλλαγή ως έννοια, 4) να ανιχνεύσει τις συνέπειες της οικονομικής κρίσης στο σχολείο, 5) να τονίσει την αναγκαιότητα εκπόνησης ενός σχεδίου διαχείρισης αλλαγών, 6) να αναλύσει τις αναμενόμενες αντιστάσεις και τα αίτια που τις προκαλούν. Τα ευρήματα της παρούσας μελέτης καταδεικνύουν ότι η διαχείριση των εκάστοτε αλλαγών στο σχολείο μπορεί να είναι αποτελεσματική και επιτυχής, αν πρώτα απ’ όλα το σχέδιο διαχείρισης έχει το κατάλληλο επιστημονικό και θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο που θα του  δίνει την απαιτούμενη επιστημονική εγκυρότητα. Επιπλέον ο ηγέτης μέσα στα πλαίσια της μετασχηματιστικής και διανεμητικής ηγεσίας θα πρέπει 1) να γνωρίζει καλά το συγκείμενο μέσα στο οποίο δρα και λειτουργεί το σχολείο του, 2) να προάγει μία κουλτούρα συνεργασίας και αλλαγής δημιουργώντας το κατάλληλο σχολικό κλίμα και 3) να αντιμετωπίζει τις όποιες αντιστάσεις που προβάλλονται. Η εργασία καταλήγει στο συμπέρασμα ότι το μοντέλο ηγεσίας που προωθεί καλύτερα την επερχόμενη αλλαγή είναι το ολιστικό, καθώς: 1) βελτιώνει τη συνεργασία με το περιβάλλον του σχολείου, 2) μεταδίδει ευκολότερα το κοινό όραμα, 3) προωθεί τη συμμετοχή των εμπλεκομένων και 4) προωθεί την ανάπτυξη του προσωπικού, ώστε να μειώνονται οι αντιστάσεις.
Διαφοροποίηση της Διδασκαλίας με τη χρήση Τ.Π.Ε. σε μαθητές με Ειδικές Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες Αναδόμηση μιας γλωσσικής ενότητας με τη χρήση εκπαιδευτικών λογισμικών
Authors: Αλαμπουρνού Ευθυμία , Σιδηροπούλου Αικατερίνη
Published: November 2017

Στον ευρύ κύκλο των Ειδικών Μαθησιακών Δυσκολιών εντάσσεται και η Δυσλεξία η οποία συνιστά, σύμφωνα με όλους τους ερευνητές, τη σοβαρότερη μορφή δυσκολίας κυρίως στην επεξεργασία και χρήση του γραπτού λόγου. Οι αδυναμίες στη Γραφή, με αντιστροφές, παραλήψεις και προσθήκες γραμμάτων ή και συλλαβών, οι δυσκολίες στην Ανάγνωση και συχνά και στα Μαθηματικά, καθώς και οι δυσκολίες Προσανατολισμού και Οργάνωσης των καθημερινών δραστηριοτήτων, καθιστούν αναγκαία την εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση για την υπέρβαση αυτών των δυσκολιών. Στην προσπάθεια αυτή, οι Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνιών (ΤΠΕ) με το πλήθος των συνεχώς εξελισσόμενων εφαρμογών τους, έρχονται να υποστηρίξουν δημιουργικά τον δυσλεκτικό μαθητή. Μέσα από ειδικά σχεδιασμένα hardware και software, η ψηφιακή τεχνολογία βοηθά το μαθητή να διεκπεραιώνει με ασφάλεια τις σχολικές του υποχρεώσεις και να εξασκεί με παιγνιώδη τρόπο τις γενικές αντιληπτικές του ικανότητες, ενώ του προσφέρει και μια σειρά υποστηρικτικών προγραμμάτων για την οργάνωση των καθημερινών του υποχρεώσεων.
Αξιολόγηση μαθησιακών δυσκολιών στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Μια μελέτη περίπτωσης.
Authors: Αλεξανδρόπουλος Γεώργιος
Published: November 2017

Στην παρούσα εργασία επιδιώκουμε να μελετήσουμε τις μαθησιακές δυσκολίες στην ανάγνωση (κατανόηση, αποκωδικοποίηση), την ορθογραφία και τον μαθηματικό λογισμό στο δημοτικό σχολείο. Αξιοποιούμε διάφορες συστοιχίες άτυπων δοκιμασιών διαγνωστικής αξιολόγησης για να διαπιστώσουμε το είδος και το βαθμό των δυσκολιών αυτών σε μία μαθήτρια της Δ΄ τάξης, που αποτελεί το υποκείμενο της έρευνάς μας. Παρά τη μειωμένη εγκυρότητα ανάλογων τεστ, η χρησιμότητά τους για τη διαμόρφωση αποτελεσματικών διδακτικών στρατηγικών είναι μεγάλη. Τα δεδομένα της συγκεκριμένης μελέτης περίπτωσης μάς παρέχουν ενδείξεις για την ύπαρξη ελλείψεων στην οπτική και ακουστική αντίληψη των συμφωνικών συμπλεγμάτων, στην κατάκτηση της φωνολογικής ενημερότητας και στη γνώση βασικών εννοιών στα μαθηματικά. Αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της έρευνάς μας αποτελεί η διαμόρφωση εξατομικευμένου προγράμματος παρέμβασης.