bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARMENIA AND ARMENIANS IN GRIBOEDOV’S MIND
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Stroganov Mikhail V.
Published: November 2021

A systematic analysis of all the contexts from A. S. Griboyedov’s works in which the words Armenia, Armenians and Armenian are used allows us to consider them as a single narrative describing the history of Griboedov’s attitude to Armenia and the Armenians. At the beginning of his diplomatic career (the turn of the 1810-1820s) Griboyedov treated modern Armenians quite indifferently, without any personal interest. For Griboyedov, Armenia did not exist as a state entity but rather as a historical and cultural phenomenon, and his statements about the Armenian statehood are explained either by the ignorance of historical facts or by his poetic passion. However, Griboyedov knew the history of the forced resettlement of the Armenian people from the places of traditional habitation (Great Surgun). In the late 1820s, in connection with the mass immigration of Armenians to his historical homeland, Griboedov appeared to have reconsidered his attitude to the fate of modern Armenia, although his assistance to the Armenian people can be interpreted either as a state official fulfilling his duties, or as an interested assistance to the suffering people.
BRITISH PRESS ON THE FIRST ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF “WOE FROM WIT” (1857)
Authors: Tarkhova N. A.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the responses of the English press to the publication of the first translation of A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit” into English, made by N. D. Benardaki in 1857 (London). Reviews that appeared in the Scottish magazine “McPhail’s Edinburgh Ecclesiastical Journal and Literary Review” and in the London newspaper “The Literary Gazette, and Journal of Archeology, Science, and Art”, and the names of their authors have remained unknown in Russia so far. In both issues, British readers are introduced to the content of the Russian play and with its characters, both publications tell about the life and work of its author. At the same time, each publication has features that reflect not only the personal preferences of its author, but also some general ideas about Russia in the middle of the XIX century that existed in Great Britain. The first article, relying on the text of the comedy, made an attempt to draw a general picture of the life structure and moral climate of modern Russia as a “not quite civilized” country, from the point of view of the British. The author of another one tendentiously covers the life of Griboyedov, revealing dislike for him as a diplomat whose activities in Persia were successfully directed against British influence in this country.
Reino Unido y su lucha contra el terrorismo: tendencias tras el Brexit
Authors: Pastrana Sánchez María Alejandra
Published: November 2021

El Reino Unido comenzó su lucha contra el terrorismo décadas antes de la vorágine causada por el 11S. Ello explica gran parte de su influencia sobre la legislación antiterrorista europea, a la que parece haber inspirado desde 2002. Los últimos tiempos, con el goteo de atentados en suelo británico y el panorama de los acuerdos del Brexit, han producido cambios en la misma, que, aunque no pueda negarse que siguen la senda político criminal marcada hasta ahora, sí desde luego parecen haberse confrontado directamente-ya sin cortapisas- con el Convenio Europeo para la Protección de los Derechos Humanos y de las Libertades Fundamentales, en especial con su artículo 7. En el siguiente estudio se hace un completo análisis de la lucha contra el terrorismo británica, remarcando la incidencia de la política criminal europea, las condenas del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos a Reino Unido, las evidentes similitudes con la legislación española y las más recientes disposiciones legislativas de la etapa post-Brexit.
„Man muss rückwärts rechnen“ – Zur Arbeitsrichtung bei der 7-Tore-Aufgabe
Authors: Gawlick Thomas
Published: November 2021

Die 7-Tore-Aufgabe wird oft als Beispiel für Rückwärtsarbeiten genannt. Bereits Fünftklässler kommen bei der Bearbeitung schnell zu der Einschätzung: „Man muss rückwärts rechnen“. Aber bedeutet Rückwärtsrechnen dasselbe wie Rückwärtsarbeiten? Und woher kennen bzw. können die Kinder das? Auf Grundlage der Konzepte Aufgabe-Kehraufgabe-Umkehraufgabe aus dem Bereich des Operativen Übens im Mathematikunterricht der Grundschule wird Königs Operationalisierung des Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsarbeitens mittels Lösungsgraphen genutzt, um die Situation zu klären: Das Rückwärtsrechnen der Kinder erweist sich hier tatsächlich Vorwärtsarbeiten. Diese Vorgehensweise wird in der Grundschule eingeübt, muss hier aber akkommodiert werden für die iterierte Umkehrung der Verkettung zweier Operationen – dass hierbei die Reihenfolge zu vertauschen ist, wird leicht übersehen. Dieses Problem kann mittels Probe erkannt oder durch geeignete symbolische und/oder ikonische Notation der Zwischenschritte vermieden werden.
Gesucht: 4 spezielle Zahlen mit 45 in Summe – Graphische Darstellungen als Erkenntnismittel
Authors: Schwank Inge
Published: November 2021

Schülerinnen und Schüler sollen in ihrer Fähigkeit zum mathematischen Problemlösen gestärkt werden. Dazu müssen ihnen Zugänge zu mathematischen Problemen geschaffen werden. Bekannt sind die nützlichen Hinweise von Pólya zur Problembearbeitung. Zeichnungen (figures) spielen dabei eine wichtige Rolle. Junge Schülerinnen und Schüler, denen die nützliche Symbolsprache der Algebra noch nicht zur Verfügung steht, könnten in besonderer Weise vom Einsatz von Bildern, Skizzen, allgemein graphischen Darstellungen, profitieren, da sie anhand dieser Repräsentationsformen komplexere mathematische Zusammenhänge gleichwohl durchdenken und sich erschließen können. Dies würde eine besondere Förderung der Entwicklung ihres mathematischen Denkens bedeuten. Solange die Auffassung verbreitet ist, formale Mathematik sei die ‚richtige‘ Mathematik, besteht noch Aufklärungsbedarf. Auch am Beispiel einer Problembearbeitung, entnommen einer Mathematik-Olympiade für Drittklässlerinnen und Drittklässler mit unzureichendem Einsatz graphischer Darstellungen, zeigt sich, dass noch weitere Anstrengungen unternommen werden müssen. Zur Übung – gerade auch für Erwachsene – und Veränderung ihres Blicks können Beispiele, die in nicht-mathematikdidaktischer Literatur zu finden sind und bei denen auf erhellende graphische Darstellungen verzichtet wird, dienen. Die Beschäftigung mit dem Themenkomplex reicht in der Mathematikdidaktik weit zurück.
Household Vulnerability to Climate Change and Identification of Target Beneficiaries to Implement Household-Specific Adaptation Strategies: A Quantitative Assessment
Authors:   Research Program - Enabling Systems Transformation (EST), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India, Nedumaran Swamikannu , Nandi Ravi ,   Research Program - Enabling Systems Transformation (EST), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India, Padmanabhan Jyosthnaa ,   Research Program - Enabling Systems Transformation (EST), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India, Reddy Srigiri Srinivasa ,   German Development Institute, Bonn, Germany, Kadiyala Dakshina Murthy ,   Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Andhra Pradesh, India, Kumar Shalander ,   Research Program - Enabling Systems Transformation (EST), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the climate change vulnerability of 6,214 households in the drought-prone districts of Telangana state in India. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used to group farm households based on their level of vulnerability to climate change and to suggest a portfolio of adaptation strategies. The PCA revealed the presence of five components from 14 key variables: (1) access to irrigation; (2) credit access, landholding, and income from agriculture; (3) household size and income sources; (4) access to information and climate-smart adaptation practices; and (5) social capital. The first five components (eigenvalue ≥ 1) collectively accounted for 60.42 percent of the total variance. Three clusters emerged after the component scores were analyzed using K-means clustering: extremely vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, and resilient households. The results of the cluster analysis revealed that 79 percent of the households were extremely vulnerable, 11.20 percent were moderately vulnerable, and 9.65 percent were resilient. Moreover, 96 percent of marginal farmers and 94 percent of smallholder farmers were extremely vulnerable, while 19 percent of large farmers and 16 percent of medium farmers were moderately vulnerable. Interestingly, nearly 26 percent in the extremely vulnerable category and 19 percent in the moderately vulnerable category were large farmers, which contradicts previous assumptions. The findings of this study can guide development practitioners, policymakers, and donors in designing evidence-based programs focusing on households vulnerable to climate change.
A STOCHASTIC MODEL FOR ESTIMATION OF EXPECTED TIME TO RECRUITMENT WHEN THE THRESHOLD HAS GENERALIZED EXPONENTIATED GAMMA DISTRIBUTION
Authors:   Department of community medicine, SRM Medical College and research center, kattangulathur, Chennai-603203, M Manoharan , A Rajarathinam ,   Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli – 627 012, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: November 2021

In any organization a number of factors are required to generate production activities and the manpower is the most vital factor. The manpower requirements may increase in course of time due to increase in production activities or due to depletion of manpower at random time points. Hence recruitment is to be made whenever the total demands for manpower crosses the so called threshold level. In this paper an estimate of the expected time to recruitment is derived under the assumption that the threshold level is a random variable which follows the Generalized Exponentiated Gamma distribution. The variances also found out. The results are substantiated with numerical examples
Sistem Pengelolaan Laporan Pengaduan Pelanggaran Internal Organisasi Berbasis Web Mobile
Authors: Datau Rifky Lutfi , Hadjaratie Lillyan
Published: November 2021

Sistem pelaporan pengaduan yang saat ini masih secara konvensional seringkali mengalami permasalahan seperti kehilangan berkas aduan dan pelapor yang tidak mengetahui mengenai laporan yang telah diadukan. Hal ini terjadi disebabkan sistem yang belum real time. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan pemanfaatan sistem dalam mekanisme pengelolaan laporan pengaduan dan meminimalkan resiko masalah yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem pengelolaan laporan pengaduan berbasis web mobile di pemerintah Provinsi Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Prototype. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sistem untuk mengelola laporan pengaduan yang memberikan hak akses bagi admin, pelapor, pengelola, dan pimpinan. Sistem ini juga dapat mempermudah pembuatan laporan pengaduan sehingga dapat di akses dimanapun dan kapanpun. Selain itu, pelapor dapat dengan mudah mengajukan pengaduan, pengelola dapat dengan mudah mencari data mengenai laporan pengaduan dan pimpinan dapat dengan mudah memonitor laporan pengaduan yang masuk.

The conventional complaint reporting system often experiences problems; one of them is losing the complaint file. It is worsened by the condition in which informants might not know about the report that has been filed. This condition happens due to the non-real-time system. Based on this problem, it is necessary to use the system in the complaint report management mechanism and minimize the risk of the occurred problems. This study aimed to develop a mobile web-based complaint report management system for the government of Gorontalo Province. This research uses the Prototype method. This research designed a system for managing complaint reports that provide access rights for admins, informants, managers, and leaders. Further, this system provided easier access to make complaint reports to be accessed anywhere and anytime. Moreover, it would be easier for informants to file complaints, managers to find the data regarding complaints reports, and leaders to monitor the incoming complaints reports.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE BY THE POPULATION OF THE YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT
Authors: Borzunova T. I.
Published: November 2021

В статье дается описание Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа. Анализируются показатели миграционного прироста населения с 2016 по 2018 гг. Проводится сравнительный анализ показателей охраны окружающей среды данного округа с Ханты-Мансийским автономным округом и Тюменской областью. Анализируются статистические показатели охраны окружающей природной среды с 2005 по 2018 гг. в Ямало-Ненецком автономном округе. В данной работе были применены общенаучные методы, такие как анализ, сравнение, интервью. Основным материалом для анализа экологической ситуации послужили данные Росстата. В статье также приводятся оценки изменения климата и среды обитания, одним из коренных народов Севера – ненцами.
HUMAN CAPITAL AS A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR OF THE MIGRATION PROCESSES
Authors: Tregub I. V.
Published: November 2021

На основе данных по Приволжскому федеральному округу мы доказали важность человеческого развития в предотвращении миграционного оттока. Для определения влияния основных факторов - уровня развития инфраструктуры и индекса человеческого развития, который складывается из продолжительности жизни, количества лет обучения и дохода на душу населения, был применен анализ панельных данных. Путем многоэтапного анализа была создана и оценена эконометрическая модель. Анализ включал три метода оценки модели - обычный метод наименьших квадратов для простой регрессионной модели, регрессионную модель с фиксированными эффектами и регрессионную модель со случайными эффектами.
Technological orders and legal thought: A dualistic paradigm of development
Authors: Osipov V. S. , Minbaleev A. V.
Published: November 2021

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Digital arbitration — A useful tool in the hands of homo sapiens
Authors: Kostin A. A. , Grebelsky A. V.
Published: November 2021

Currently, general digitalization has not spared the sphere of arbitration. What are the advantages and disadvantages of introducing digital technologies, how has COVID-19 influenced the work of leading arbitration institutions, does digitalization imply the delocalization of ICA, and does a “digital arbitrator” have a future? Alexey A. Kostin and Alexander V. Grebelsky answered these and other questions from Maxim I. Inozemtsev, Editor-in-Chief of the Digital Law Journal.
Kronik Hastalığı Olan ve Olmayan Adölesanlarda Kaygı ve Otonomi İlişkisi
Authors: ŞAHİN Ayşe , TUNCAY Suat , AKÇA Kamile , ARIKAN Duygu
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan adölesanlarda kaygı ve otonomi ilişkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Karşılaştırmalı tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel türde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın kapsamına kronik hastalığı (n=79) olan ve olmayan (n=79) toplam 158 adölesan alındı. Araştırma verileri, Erzurum’da bir eğitim-araştırma hastanesi çocuk polikliniğine başvuran kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan adölesanlara; Adölesan Bilgi Formu, Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği ve Sosyotropi-Otonomi Ölçeği uygulanarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans, yüzde, ki-kare, bağımsız gruplar t testi ve korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan, kronik hastalığı olan adölesanların yaş ortalaması 13.9±2.28, kronik hastalığı olmayan adölesanların yaş ortalaması 14.6±2.06’dır. Adölesanların %41.8’inin endokrin hastalığı, %12.7’sinin gastrointestinal sistem hastalığı olduğu belirlendi. Kronik hastalığı olan adölesanlarda Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 51.0±7.01, kronik hastalığı olmayan adölesanlarda 51.11±8.36 olarak bulundu. Kronik hastalığı olan adölesanların Otonomi Ölçeği ortalama toplam puanı 82.98±13.53, kronik hastalığı olmayan adölesanlarda ise bu puan 76.68±18.20 olarak belirlendi. Kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan adölesanların kaygı ve otonomi kişilik özellikleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki belirlenmedi (r=0.14; p=0.19).

Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan adölesanların orta düzeyde kaygıya sahip olduğu belirlendi. Kronik hastalığı olan adölesanların otonomisinin olmayanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edildi. Kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan adölesanların kaygı ve otonomi puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı.
Pan Africanist Letters: the historical development of political thought in the PAC of Azania, 1959 to 1993
Authors: Hlongwane Ali Khangela
Published: November 2021

This paper maps some of the notable influences on the evolution of Pan Africanism in South Africa with reference to the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC). It does so by exploring the history of the ideas of the PAC founded on the 6th of April in 1959. The interrelated questions explored are: Is there a tradition of Africanist thought intrinsically linked to the birth of the PAC as a liberation movement in South Africa? What are the lineages of the PAC’s intellectual traditions? Given the PAC’s short history as a legal political formation before it was banned in 1960, is there a tradition of ideas to reflect upon? What are the roots of these ideas, firstly, as manifest in there framing by liberation movements of the wars of resistance against colonial conquestas intrinsically linked to new 20th century struggles for national liberation? Secondly, how did these ideas manifest in the anti-colonial struggle’s further development or transmutation into early freedom struggles as articulated by the emergent African intelligentsia particularly after the Second World War? Thirdly, what was the influence on the PAC by other African independence struggles, particularly the independence of Ghana in 1957. And fourthly, is there a tradition of Africanist thought in the anti-colonial struggle’s global connections and the intricacies and challenges posed by the exile experiences of the PAC from 1960 to 1993.
Compound Eruptions of Twin Flux Ropes in a Solar Active Region
Authors: Zheng Ruisheng , Zhang Liang , Wang Bing , Kong Xiangliang , Song Hongqiang , Wu Zhao , Feng Shiwei , Chen Huadong , Chen Yao
Published: November 2021

Compound eruptions represent that multiple closely spaced magnetic structures erupt consecutively within a short interval, and then lead to a single flare and a single coronal mass ejection (CME). However, it is still subtle for the links between multiple eruptions and the associated single flare or/and single CME. In this Letter, we report the compound eruptions of twin close flux ropes (FR1 and FR2), which took place within a few minutes of each other, that resulted in a flare with a single soft X-ray peak and a CME with two cores. The successive groups of expanding loops and double peaks of intensity flux in Atmospheric Imaging Assembly cool wavelengths indicate two episodes of internal magnetic reconnections during the compound eruptions. Following the eruption of FR2, the erupting FR1 was accelerated, and then the expanding loops overlying FR2 were deflected. Moreover, the eruption of FR2 likely involved the external magnetic reconnection between the bottom of the overlying stretching field lines and the rebounding loops that were previously pushed by the eruption of FR1, which was evidenced by a pair of groups of newly formed loops. All results suggest that the compound eruptions involved both internal and external magnetic reconnections, and two erupting structures of twin FRs interacted at the initial stage. We propose that two episodes of internal magnetic reconnections were likely united within a few minutes to form the continuous impulsive phase of the single peaked flare, and the two separated cores of the CME were possibly caused because the latter core was too slow to merge with the former one.
Vetting: A Stand-alone Tool for Finding Centroid Offsets in NASA Kepler, K2, and TESS, Alerting the Presence of Exoplanet False Positives
Authors: Hedges Christina
Published: November 2021

We present a simple, standalone implementation of a “centroid test” for NASA’s Kepler, K2, and TESS missions. This test identifies significant changes in the centroid of a star during a transit or eclipse. A significant centroid shift can be used as evidence that a transiting signal is a “false positive”, due to a background eclipsing source. This test produces a likelihood of a significant centroid offset during transit, and the spacial limit to which a contaminating object can be ruled out by the data. The tool to perform this test is packaged in vetting, a pip installable, open source Python package. In this note we discuss the procedure for creating a centroid test.
A Systematic Review: Topical Sucralfate for Burn Wound
Authors: Lumintang Loelita , Adnyana Made S. , Riasa I. Nyoman Putu , Asmarajaya Anak Agung Gde Ngurah , Hamid Agus Roy , Sanjaya Hendra
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Topical sucralfate has been used for burn and non-burn skin and mucosal lesion with remarkable results. The healing rate of mucosa is faster than skin lesion.

AIM: A current systematic review was conducted to objectively evaluate wound healing benefits of topical sucralfate for burn wound and to show on which degree of burn wound it works compare with another topical agents of burn wound therapy.

METHODS: Databases were searched for relevant studies: Google Scholar, PUBMED, and ProQuest. Data sources were searched using MeSH terms: “topical sucralfate” and “burn wound” for all publications up to December 2018. All English papers were included. Only studies performed in humans were included in this study. A total of 2437 publications were found, of which 3 studies met the inclusion criteria and were relevant to be used in this systematic review. The primary outcome was burn wound healing.

DATA EXTRACTION: Data from retrieved studies were reviewed and tabulated according to year of publication, study design, human or animal studies, characteristics of the population, and outcomes.

DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 1 observational comparative study were found. All trials are on second degree burn wound patients. Jadad score was used to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. One RCT and one comparative study demonstrated favorable outcomes with the use of topical sucralfate. There is one publication with no significant differences.

CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review shows a noticeably beneficial effect of topical sucralfate for burn wound. It is better than other topical agent in wound healing rate, decreased infection rate and enhancement of epithelialization also granulation with no local or systemic adverse reactions. However, multicenter RCT with larger sample size are needed to make recommendation for burn wound treatment.
Scanning probe microscopic study of P(VDF-TrFE) based ferroelectric nanocomposites
Authors: Terekhova Yuliia S. , Kiselev Dmitry A. , Solnyshkin Alexander V.
Published: November 2021

Ceramic and polymer based nanocomponents combine the properties of their constituents, e.g. flexibility, elasticity, polymer reprocessability, hardness typical of glass, wear resistance and high light refraction index. This helps improving many properties of the materials in comparison with the source components. Since recently researchers have been manifesting interest to the properties of complex composite compounds. This is primarily caused by the unique properties of their structures as compared with conventional materials having homogeneous composition. Secondly, this interest is caused by the fact that these compounds may prove to be much cheaper than homogeneous structures provided the physical properties of the composite in a preset range of parameters (temperature, applied field frequency etc.) are identical to those of the respective homogeneous materials. For example, polyvinyl idenfluoride (PVDF) type ferroelectric polymers and copolymers on its basis have found wide application for functional elements of various electromechanic devices in advanced electronics due to their relatively good piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties. The strong random polarization and the formation of polar non-centrosymmetric crystals provide for the high piezoelectric and pyroelectric activity in these crystals. Scanning probe microscopy has been used for study of ferroelectric nanocomposites having different compositions. The matrix specimen for study of local polarization switching at a nanoscale level was vinyl idenfluoride and trifluoroethylene P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer possessing sufficiently high crystallinity. The composite fillers were barium titanate BaTiO3 and deuterized triglycinsulfate DTGS ferroelectric powders and zirconate-titanate lead barium BPZT ceramic powder. We show these materials to show good promise for use in memory cells.
Effect of climate change on the potential distribution of Heloderma alvarezi (Squamata, Helodermatidae)
Authors: Gómez-Cruz Aarón , Santos-Hernández Nancy G. , Cruz José Alberto , Ariano-Sánchez Daniel , Ruiz-Castillejos Christian , Espinoza-Medinilla Eduardo E. , De Fuentes-Vicente José A.
Published: November 2021

Climate change represents a real threat to biodiversity conservation worldwide. Although the effects on several species of conservation priority are known, comprehensive information about the impact of climate change on reptile populations is lacking. In the present study, we analyze outcomes on the potential distribution of the black beaded lizard (Heloderma alvarezi Bogert & Martin del Campo, 1956) under global warming scenarios. Its potential distribution, at present and in projections for the years 2050 and 2070, under both optimistic and pessimistic climate change forecasts, were computed using current data records and seven bioclimatic variables. General results predict a shift in the future potential distribution of H. alvarezi due to temperature increase. The optimistic scenario (4.5 W/m2) for 2070 suggests an enlargement in the species’ distribution as a response to the availability of new areas of suitable habitat. On the contrary, the worst-case scenario (7 W/m2) shows a distribution decrease by 65%. Moreover, the range distribution of H. alvarezi is directly related to the human footprint, which consequently could magnify negative outcomes for this species. Our research elucidates the importance of conservation strategies to prevent the extinction of the black beaded lizard, especially considering that this species is highly threatened by aversive hunting.
Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Myrmus lateralis (Heteroptera, Rhopalidae) and its implication for phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Zhao Wanqing , Liu Dajun , Jia Qian , Wu Xin , Zhang Hufang
Published: November 2021

Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are widely used in research studies on phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the mitogenome of the scentless plant bug Myrmus lateralis Hsiao, 1964 (Heteroptera, Rhopalidae). The complete 17,309 bp genome encoded 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a control region. The mitogenome revealed a high A+T content (75.8%), a positive AT-skew (0.092), and a negative GC-skew (–0.165). All 13 PCGs were found to start with ATN codons, except for cox1, in which TTG was the start codon. The Ka/Ks ratios of 13 PCGs were all lower than 1, indicating that purifying selection evolved in these genes. All tRNAs could be folded into the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1 and trnV, which lack dihydrouridine arms. Phylogenetic trees were constructed and analyzed based on the PCG+rRNA from 38 mitogenomes, using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, showed that M. lateralis and Chorosoma macilentum Stål, 1858 grouped together in the tribe Chorosomatini. In addition, Coreoidea and Pyrrhocoroidea were sister groups among the superfamilies of Trichophora, and Rhopalidae was a sister group to Alydidae + Coreidae.
Le « petit être » et les machines dans les sections « Liberté d’action » et « Apparitions » du recueil La Vie dans les plis de Henri Michaux (1949)
Authors: Caquel Audrey
Published: November 2021

L’œuvre de Henri Michaux déploie différentes figures de l’inadapté. Le motif de la machine, filé dans « Liberté d’action » et « Apparitions », révèle la relation que le « petit être », tel que le poète se définit lui-même, entretient avec la société. Il soutient une dramaturgie intérieure de la posture du corps face au réel agresseur. Dans « Liberté d’action », aux côtés des instruments, la machine dit la joie frénétique de l’appropriation du pouvoir par l’inadapté face aux différents rapports hiérarchiques. Dans « Apparitions », nous assistons à un renversement radical du rôle de l’appareil mécanisé : celui-ci se retourne contre le sujet poétique. Confronter le traitement de ce thème dans ces deux sections qui se suivent dans le recueil La Vie dans les plis (1949), met au jour la fragilité individuelle du « petit être », mais aussi un regard mélancolique porté sur l’aliénation de l’Homme face à la violence des organisations sociales. Si Michaux s’est exprimé contre toute forme de poésie engagée, il explore cependant ici la relation de « domination-subordination » qui lui est chère, ainsi que les tentatives d’insubordination d’un corps révolté. Par le truchement de la machine et des instruments, le regard du lecteur évolue, du burlesque au sentiment d’une irrémédiable déréliction.
Sur le versant sombre des futurs économiques
Authors: Rumpala Yannick
Published: November 2021

Cet article propose de reprendre la question des représentations des futurs économiques en repartant d’un type particulier de fictions, celles du cyberpunk, retenues ici pour leurs capacités à problématiser certaines évolutions du capitalisme. À travers leurs récits et mises en scène, les œuvres de ce sous-genre de la science-fiction déploient en effet un ensemble relativement cohérent de visions sur ce qui peut être perçu comme des tendances lourdes du système économique. S’agissant du poids des méga-firmes, du rôle croissant des ressources informationnelles, des processus de déterritorialisation, des comportements des classes possédantes et des implications de l’amoindrissement des régulations, l’article montre en quoi les productions fictionnelles du cyberpunk peuvent servir de support heuristique pour mettre en lumière et aider à analyser des dynamiques socio-économiques qui paraissent de moins en moins latentes.
Migrations internationales : ce que l’on mesure (ou pas)
Authors: Beauchemin Cris , Caron Louise , Haddad Marine , Temporal Franck
Published: November 2021

Parmi les événements qui contribuent à la dynamique démographique, les migrations internationales sont les plus difficiles à appréhender. La plupart des pays du monde ne disposent pas d’instruments permettant de produire des statistiques régulières. D’un pays à l’autre, les définitions et les méthodes de mesure peuvent varier. Depuis le début des années 2000, les organisations internationales, comme les Nations Unies ou l’Union européenne, promeuvent des approches plus standardisées qui permettent de réaliser des comparaisons. Quel que soit l’indicateur retenu, la France apparaît en Europe de l’Ouest comme l’un des pays où l’immigration est la plus faible.
Dynamiques, enjeux démographiques et socioéconomiques du vieillissement dans les pays à longévité élevée
Authors: Bonnet Carole , Cambois Emmanuelle , Fontaine Roméo
Published: November 2021

En 2015, la loi d’adaptation de la société au vieillissement marquait en France la volonté politique d’anticiper de manière globale les conséquences du vieillissement démographique. Elle formalisait les constats des recherches et débats publics internationaux qui, depuis longtemps, en soulignent l’ampleur et les multiples implications. Cette chronique fait le point sur ces questions en s’appuyant sur l’expérience de 40 pays caractérisés par une longévité élevée. En 2020, les personnes de 65 ans et plus y sont quatre fois plus nombreuses qu’en 1950 ; au Japon, pays le plus « vieux », leur proportion a bondi de 5 % à 28 % et leur espérance de vie a presque doublé. Une première partie présente les définitions et les mesures du vieillissement démographique, puis la diversité des dynamiques de ces 40 pays. La seconde partie décrit les enjeux multidimensionnels et imbriqués du phénomène en termes sanitaires (quelle limite à la longévité ? quelle évolution de l’espérance de vie en bonne santé ?), sociodémographiques (comment se modifient les configurations conjugales, familiales ?) et économiques, via la problématique des modèles de protection sociale (retraite, aide à l’autonomie, transferts intergénérationnels).
Founders, external funders, and governance models of newly founded nonprofit social service organizations: Evidence from the Sahel region of Tunisia
Authors: Chbili Riadh , Lakhal Lassâad
Published: November 2021

La gouvernance est un véritable défi dans les OBNL. Des recherches antérieures se sont concentrées sur l’étude des structures qui sont bien établies et professionnalisées tout en ignorant les configurations de gouvernance des entités à but non lucratif nouvellement fondées. Comme cela a été mentionné par de nombreux chercheurs, les OBNL nouvellement créées font face à des contraintes qui résultent de leur nouveauté et sont soumises à pressions spécifiques de la part des parties prenantes internes et externes. Pour combler cette lacune de recherche, cet article vise à détecter les différents modèles de gouvernance des OBNL nouvellement créées. Précisément, une étude exploratoire a été menée sur un échantillon de vingt-quatre nouvelles organisations sociales à but non lucratif dans la région du Sahel de la Tunisie. Les résultats révèlent qu’il existe quatre principaux modèles de gouvernance basés sur le pouvoir relatif des membres fondateurs du conseil d’administration et des bailleurs de fonds externes. Ainsi, les chercheurs peuvent utiliser cette typologie pour déterminer les différentes configurations de distribution de pouvoir dans les organisations sociales nouvellement créées. Par ailleurs, les praticiens peuvent bénéficier de cette typologie pour déterminer les facteurs spécifiques qui peuvent affecter la prise de décision dans ces organisations. Contrairement aux études antérieures, cette recherche montre qu’il serait intéressant d’avoir une vision large de la gouvernance qui ne se limite pas à la seule étude du conseil d’administration. De même, cet article met en évidence les défis de gouvernance auxquels sont confrontés les présidents fondateurs des organismes sociaux sans but lucratif en montrant les conflits possibles qui peuvent survenir entre eux, les bailleurs de fonds externes et les autres membres du conseil d’administration.
Whose Public Reason? Which Justification of Laws? A Natural Law Response
Authors: Baroš Jiří
Published: November 2021

Un des problèmes persistants pour la philosophie pratique est de découvrir un procédé adéquat pour justifier des lois dont la finalité est de réguler le fonctionnement des démocraties constitutionnelles. Les libéraux partisans de la raison publique nient que cette justification puisse provenir de doctrines substantielles, étant donné que les lois doivent pouvoir être justifiées par tous les citoyens (raisonnables). La tradition de la loi naturelle offre un test utile quant à la plausibilité de cette thèse. L’article montre comment les deux versions du libéralisme de la raison publique diffèrent quant à leur acceptation de raisons tirées du droit naturel, et pourquoi, étant donné l’influence de leurs points de départs disparates sur les critères normatifs par lesquels elles évaluent les lois, les partisans du droit naturel ont de bonnes raisons de les rejeter toutes les deux.
Le projectivisme humien et ses implications métaéthiques
Authors: Lépine Samuel
Published: November 2021

Hume recourt régulièrement à la métaphore selon laquelle nous projetons des valeurs sur le monde du fait des émotions que nous éprouvons. Cette métaphore projectiviste semble impliquer la non-existence des valeurs, et l’impossibilité d’une connaissance morale. Dans cet article, j’essaie de montrer que ces implications sont loin d’être évidentes, et qu’une lecture réaliste de Hume est également possible, qui permet notamment de rendre compte du rapport complexe que Hume entretient avec le rationalisme moral en particulier, et avec la connaissance des valeurs de façon plus générale.
Des femmes si privilégiées ? La fatigue d’être servi·e par des domestiques
Authors: Delpierre Alizée
Published: November 2021

Alors qu’elles ont à leur service un·e, deux, trois, voire plusieurs dizaines d’employé·e·s domestiques à temps plein qui servent au quotidien leur famille, les femmes très fortunées rencontrées lors d’une enquête portant sur le recours à la domesticité des grandes fortunes affirment consacrer un temps et une énergie non négligeables à la gestion de leur foyer. Réservé aux ménages plutôt aisés dans les contextes où ils embauchent, le recours à la domesticité est pourtant un privilège : les femmes délèguent le travail reproductif à d’autres pour s’adonner au travail productif, et/ou aux loisirs. Mais les plaintes des femmes rencontrées, particulièrement privilégiées, méritent d’être prises au sérieux : cet article vise à discuter le paradoxe de leur investissement domestique alors même qu’elles ont recours à une domesticité importante. Il remet en question le fait que ces femmes soient soulagées du travail reproductif d’une part, et qu’elles le soient autant que leurs époux d’autre part. En fait, l’article montre qu’employer du personnel recrée un partage inégal et pérenne des tâches entre hommes et femmes employeur·e·s, et ce, même lorsque ces dernières travaillent : aux premiers les transactions financières pour rémunérer les employé·e·s, et aux secondes le travail relationnel et émotionnel nécessaire à la sélection et à la supervision du personnel, beaucoup plus engageant.
Propagation dynamics of a nonlocal time-space periodic reaction-diffusion model with delay
Authors: Wang Ning , Wang Zhi-Cheng
Published: November 2021

This paper is concerned with a nonlocal time-space periodic reaction diffusion model with age structure. We first prove the existence and global attractivity of time-space periodic solution for the model. Next, by a family of principal eigenvalues associated with linear operators, we characterize the asymptotic speed of spread of the model in the monotone and non-monotone cases. Furthermore, we introduce a notion of transition semi-waves for the model, and then by constructing appropriate upper and lower solutions, and using the results of the asymptotic speed of spread, we show that transition semi-waves of the model in the non-monotone case exist when their wave speed is above a critical speed, and transition semi-waves do not exist anymore when their wave speed is less than the critical speed. It turns out that the asymptotic speed of spread coincides with the critical wave speed of transition semi-waves in the non-monotone case. In addition, we show that the obtained transition semi-waves are actually transition waves in the monotone case. Finally, numerical simulations for various cases are carried out to support our theoretical results.
A note on a ZIKV epidemic model with spatial structure and vector-bias
Authors: Pan Yifei ,   School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China, Zhu Siyao , Wang Jinliang ,   Department of Mathematics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Published: November 2021

This paper provides a supplement to a recent study of (Appl. Math. Lett. 80 (2020) 106052). We further verify that the unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable whenever it exists.
A non-standard discretized SIS model of epidemics
Authors: Choiński Marcin ,   Institute of Information Technology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw 02-776, Poland, Bodzioch Mariusz , Foryś Urszula ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 54, Olsztyn 10-710, Poland,   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
Published: November 2021

In this paper we introduce and analyze a non-standard discretized SIS epidemic model for a homogeneous population. The presented model is a discrete version of the continuous model known from literature and used by us for building a model for a heterogeneous population. Firstly, we discuss basic properties of the discrete system. In particular, boundedness of variables and positivity of solutions of the system are investigated. Then we focus on stability of stationary states. Results for the disease-free stationary state are depicted with the use of a basic reproduction number computed for the system. For this state we also manage to prove its global stability for a given condition. It transpires that the behavior of the disease-free state is the same as its behavior in the analogous continuous system. In case of the endemic stationary state, however, the results are presented with respect to a step size of discretization. Local stability of this state is guaranteed for a sufficiently small critical value of the step size. We also conduct numerical simulations confirming theoretical results about boundedness of variables and global stability of the disease-free state of the analyzed system. Furthermore, the simulations ascertain a possibility of appearance of Neimark-Sacker bifurcation for the endemic state. As a bifurcation parameter the step size of discretization is chosen. The simulations suggest the appearance of a supercritical bifurcation.
Survival prediction among heart patients using machine learning techniques
Authors: Almazroi Abdulwahab Ali ,   University of Jeddah, College of Computing and Information Technology at Khulais, Department of Information Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2021

Cardiovascular diseases are regarded as the most common reason for worldwide deaths. As per World Health Organization, nearly $ 17.9 $ million people die of heart-related diseases each year. The high shares of cardiovascular-related diseases in total worldwide deaths motivated researchers to focus on ways to reduce the numbers. In this regard, several works focused on the development of machine learning techniques/algorithms for early detection, diagnosis, and subsequent treatment of cardiovascular-related diseases. These works focused on a variety of issues such as finding important features to effectively predict the occurrence of heart-related diseases to calculate the survival probability. This research contributes to the body of literature by selecting a standard well defined, and well-curated dataset as well as a set of standard benchmark algorithms to independently verify their performance based on a set of different performance evaluation metrics. From our experimental evaluation, it was observed that decision tree is the best performing algorithm in comparison to logistic regression, support vector machines, and artificial neural networks. Decision trees achieved $ 14 $% better accuracy than the average performance of the remaining techniques. In contrast to other studies, this research observed that artificial neural networks are not as competitive as the decision tree or support vector machine.
An N6-methyladenosine and target genes-based study on subtypes and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chu Xiao ,   Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Wang Weiqing , Sun Zhaoyun , Bao Feichao , Feng Liang ,   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly lethal subtype of primary lung cancer with a poor prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most predominant form of RNA modification, regulates biological processes and has critical prognostic implications for LUAD. Our study aimed to mine potential target genes of m6A regulators to explore their biological significance in subtyping LUAD and predicting survival. Methods: Using gene expression data from TCGA database, candidate target genes of m6A were predicted from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tumor based on M6A2 Target database. The survival-related target DEGs identified by Cox-regression analysis was used for consensus clustering analysis to subtype LUAD. Uni-and multi-variable Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox-PH regression analysis were used to select the optimal prognostic genes for constructing prognostic score (PS) model. Nomogram encompassing PS score and independent prognostic factors was built to predict 3-year and 5-year survival probability. Results: We obtained 2429 DEGs in tumor tissue, within which, 1267 were predicted to m6A target genes. A prognostic m6A-DEGs network of 224 survival-related target DEGs was established. We classified LUAD into 2 subtypes, which were significantly different in OS time, clinicopathological characteristics, and fractions of 12 immune cell types. A PS model of five genes (C1QTNF6, THSD1, GRIK2, E2F7 and SLCO1B3) successfully split the training set or an independent GEO dataset into two subgroups with significantly different OS time (p < 0.001, AUC = 0.723; p = 0.017, AUC = 0.705).A nomogram model combining PS status, pathologic stage, and recurrence was built, showing good performance in predicting 3-year and 5-year survival probability (C-index = 0.708, 0.723, p-value = 0). Conclusion: Using candidate m6A target genes, we obtained two molecular subtypes and designed a reliable five-gene PS score model for survival prediction in LUAD.
Korovkin-type approximation of set-valued and vector-valued functions
Authors: Campiti Michele
Published: November 2021

We establish some general Korovkin-type results in cones of set-valued functions and in spaces of vector-valued functions. These results constitute a meaningful extension of the preceding ones.
Associations Between Parental Depression and Early Childhood Development in Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Saptarini Ika , Rizkianti Anissa , Arfines Prisca Petty , Suparmi  , Maisya Iram Barida
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the associations between parental depression and early childhood development among children aged 36 months to 59 months in Indonesia.Methods: From Indonesia’s Basic Health Survey (RISKESDAS) 2018, this study included 6433 children aged 36 months to 59 months and their parents. Maternal and paternal depression was examined using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview survey instrument, which was previously translated into Indonesian. The study also used the Early Child Development Index to measure child development and its 4 domains (cognitive, physical, socio-emotional, and learning). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between parental depression and early childhood development.Results: Overall, 10.3% of children aged 36 months to 59 months were off-track for development. After adjusting for biological, parental, and social characteristics, children born to parents with depression were found to be 4.72 times more likely to be off-track for development (95% confidence interval, 1.83 to 12.15).Conclusions: Children of depressed parents were more likely to be off-track for development. The findings highlight the need for early diagnosis and timely intervention for parental depression to promote early childhood development.