bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Privacy model for the development and implementation of regulatory technology (RegTech)
Authors: Sarabdeen Jawahitha
Published: July 2024

An unprecedented demand for accurate information and action moved the industry toward RegTech where computing, big data, and social and mobile technologies could help achieve the demand. With the introduction and adoption of RegTech, regulatory changes were introduced in some countries. Enhanced regulatory changes to ease the barriers to market entry, data protection, and payment systems were also introduced to ensure a smooth transition into RegTech. However, regulatory changes fell short of comprehensiveness to address all the issues related to RegTech’s operation. This article is an attempt to devise a Privacy Model for RegTech so industries and regulators can protect the interests of various stakeholders. This model comprises four variables, and each variable consists of many items. The four variables are data protection, accountability, transparency, and organizational design. It is expected that the adoption of this Privacy Model will help industries and regulators embrace standards while being innovative in the development and use of RegTech.
O abandono afetivo inverso e a (im)possibilidade de deserdação do filho que abandona
Authors: Machado Gilmar José Alves , Treml Krishna Schneider
Published: July 2024

O ordenamento jurídico brasileiro garante por intermédio do direito sucessório previsto no Código Civil, que os filhos são herdeiros legítimos do falecido e através dos institutos da deserdação e indignidade, existem práticas que fazem com que o herdeiro não tenha direito ao quinhão hereditário. Nesse sentido, aborda-se sobre a possibilidade de deserdação do filho que abandona afetivamente o pai ainda vivo. O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a proteção à pessoa idosa no Brasil, as consequências do abandono afetivo e a possibilidade de deserdação daquele que abandona. A metodologia é qualitativa e possui método de abordagem dedutivo, com pesquisas realizadas em obras literárias e artigos científicos. Conclui-se que o maior obstáculo para o abandono afetivo inverso ser causa de deserdação é o fato do rol do artigo 1.814 do Código Civil ser taxativo, não podendo os tribunais brasileiros interpretarem de forma diversa. Assim, observa-se que o melhor caminho para que essa prática seja causa de deserdação dos herdeiros que a pratiquem é a inclusão no rol taxativo do artigo supracitado. Entende-se que o Projeto de Lei n. 3145/15 é a melhor forma de garantir que os herdeiros, em vida, tão pouco se preocuparam com o falecido, venham a possuir seus bens materiais por força da sucessão.
Holding: um planejamento patrimonial e sucessório
Authors: Luiz Rodrigo de Lima , Toporoski Elizeu Luiz
Published: July 2024

A complexidade da relação das empresas com a regulamentação civil, tributária e comercial, no âmbito do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro nasce da busca, no meio empresarial, de soluções para adequar diferentes cenários de negócios a necessidades e situações específicas de cada empresa. Dentro deste ambiente, entidades especializadas para a proteção dos bens patrimoniais do empreendimento, dentre outras soluções financeiras destacam a sua importância. Essas entidades são denominadas de Holdings, que objetivam orientar e proporcionar o melhor destino do patrimônio dos empresários e seus empreendimentos, de maneira que um plano patrimonial e de sucessão organizado garanta a confiabilidade administrativa, jurídica e tributária, sem interferir na continuidade do negócio e consequentemente garanta a plena realização dos direitos de seus herdeiros. Questiona-se a importância da holding no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, em especial Realizou-se uma análise histórica do surgimento acerca das holdings, em especial no planejamento patrimonial e sucessório. A metodologia adotada é qualitativa e o método de abordagem dedutivo, com base em pesquisas bibliográficas sobre o tema. Os resultados observados destacam que seguindo uma estrutura consolidada, é possível adaptar holdings posicionadas em diferentes trâmites legais e jurídicos em situações benéficas tanto para os herdeiros quanto para as partes interessadas envolvidas em sua operação.
School in the Rural Municipality as an Issue of Politics: Czech Mayors' Attitudes towards the Role and Support of the Local Elementary School
Authors: Kučerová Silvie R. , Šmíd Jan , Navarová Eva , Doležal Marek
Published: July 2024

Public elementary schools in rural municipalities represent key institutional amenities for the communities they serve, and their administrations are part of the broader municipal political structure. This article focuses on the views of Czech mayors regarding the role schools play for municipalities and a consideration of how school operation practice can produce positive outcomes for school and community. Schools have proven to be important local institutions with many social functions for which municipalities have various support tools and strategies. We argue that the good functioning of the school strongly depends on the local political representation’s support. The rural school incorporates both an investment in the physical environment of the municipality and a strategic investment in the human capital for the future generations, and sustainable development of municipalities.
Implementation of Disaster Mitigation Educational Policies in Pre-school: A Case Study of Effective Steps in Preparing Children for Disaster
Authors: Samad Munawwarah , Fitriani Dewi , Wahyuni Sri , Yacob Fakhri , Fahrizqa Nursarirati
Published: July 2024

Disaster mitigation for early childhood involves introducing preparedness before and after a disaster to reduce vulnerability risks. The objective of this study is to examine the implementation of disaster education policies in early childhood education. This descriptive qualitative research employs interviews, observation, and documentation as data collection techniques. The research subjects include two teachers and the principal at PAUD IT Insan Madani Meukek, South Aceh. The findings indicate that the implementation of disaster mitigation education policies in early childhood education has been effectively operationalized, such consistent integration of disaster preparedness into curriculum activities and adequate training and support provided to educators. furthermore, the teacher’s role is critical as a planner, organizer, implementer, communicator, director, and facilitator in disaster mitigation education for early childhood. Additionally, according to Van Meter and Van Horn's policy implementation theory, the effectiveness of implementing disaster mitigation education in preschools is influenced by the clarity of policy objectives, availability of resources, inter-organizational communication, as well as the attitudes of the implementers.
Open Parliament: Study from Indonesia and Philippines
Authors: Afandi Syed Agung , Erdayani Rizki , Afandi Muslim
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the trend of open parliaments in Indonesia and the Philippines and the commitment of the parliaments of the two countries. This research uses a qualitative approach with bibliometric analysis and content analysis methods. The results of this research show that the Indonesian open parliament study has a higher number of publications, citations, h-index, and g-index, so that it has a greater impact and productivity. Even though Indonesian open parliament articles have higher total link strength and occurrences, the Philippine open parliament study is more focused on certain topics. There are more themes and clusters in the Indonesian open parliament study, and each cluster describes the relationship between certain themes and focuses. Network visualization, overlay visualization, and density visualization generate potential research themes regarding this study in the future. Even though the Indonesian and Philippine parliaments have stated their commitment to support open parliaments in both countries, the Indonesian parliament's commitment has a stronger influence through the formation of an open parliament institution.
Cultivating Organization Excellence: A Proposed Conceptual for Aligning Performance Management Systems with Corporate Culture Development in the Mining Industry
Authors: Kusnadi Iyas , Gustomo Aurik , Arief Nurlaela
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study proposes a conceptual framework for aligning performance management systems (PMS) with corporate culture development to cultivate organizational excellence.
 
Method: The study employs an exploration approach. It involves analyzing and observing existing performance management systems, identifying corporate culture development and intervention alignment in the resource capabilities area, and offering detailed benchmarks for improvement.
 
Results and Conclusion: By emphasizing strategic alignment, the framework facilitates nuanced benchmarking, enabling organizations to prioritize and implement decisions that harmonize the PMS with corporate culture development. The study contributes to effective management practices in the dynamic mining sector, providing a tailored solution for organizations striving for operational excellence through the integration of KBPMS and corporate culture development.
 
Implications of the Research: The proposed conceptual framework offers practical implications for mining enterprises. It guides the enhancement of organizational performance by aligning KBPMS with corporate culture.
 
Originality/Value: This study adds value by introducing a comprehensive conceptual framework tailored to the mining industry, addressing critical aspects of PMS and corporate culture alignment for achieving operational excellence.
Examining the impact of slide burnishing parameters on the 3D surface features of medium carbon steel
Authors: Tesfom Kebede Frezgi ,   Mai Nefhi College of Engineering and Technology, Eritrea, Felhoa Csaba ,   Institute of Manufacturing Science, University of Miskolc, Hungary
Published: July 2024

Burnishing is a non-cutting finishing technique in which pressure is applied to plastically deform the irregularly distributed surface materials. In this process, the peaks of the surface are pressed into the valleys with a hard tool, resulting in a smoother surface with improved properties. The influence of brunishing parameters such as brunishing force, feed rate and number of passes on the 3D surface roughness of medium carbon steel was analyzed. An orthogonal L9 array Taguchi design was used to create a robust experiment. A CNC milling machine and a confocal microscope were used to grind and measure the workpiece surface. The topography roughness responses Sq, Sv, Sz and Sa were used to evaluate the roughness changes. The optimal parameters for brunishing were a feed rate of 0.05 m/min, 2 passes and a force of 80N for Sq and Sa and a force of 100N for Sv and Sz. This research is expected to provide insights into optimizing mass finishing processes to improve surface integrity, contributing to advances in manufacturing and materials science.
The Relationship between Age, Gender, and Physical Inactivity on the Incidence of Obesity at Puskesmas Johar Baru, Central Jakarta
Authors: Ginting Johannes , Suci Tri
Published: July 2024

Background: Obesity is an increasing global health challenge, including in Indonesia.
Objectives: This study was intended to explore the correlation between age, gender, and physical activity level with the incidence of obesity.
Research Methods: This study used secondary data from Puskesmas Johar Baru, Central Jakarta, in 2021, with a sample size of 72,680 patients; the number of patients who were obese was 22,297 people. Data processing was performed using SPSS 25 software, involving bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression with the enter method at a significance level 0.05.
Results: The results showed that the majority of obese respondents were of productive age, as many as 17,521 people (p-value 0.000), female gender as many as 9,441 people (p-value 0.000), and stated that they lacked physical activity as many as 17,207 people (p-value 0.000). Statistically, through the Chi-Square test, it was found that there was a significant association between the incidence of obesity and the three variables, with a p-value ≤ 0.05. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression reinforced that gender emerged as the dominant factor, with females having a 12.925 times higher risk of being obese compared to males.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of gender variables in the context of obesity in Puskesmas Johar Baru. This study highlights the differences in obesity prevalence by age and gender. Middle-aged adults, particularly women, are more prone to obesity. Physical inactivity was also identified as a significant factor in the increased prevalence of obesity. These results have implications for developing more specific obesity prevention interventions, especially for women.
Analysis Of The i-Care Application On National Health Insurance Patient Satisfaction At Pratama Marga Ayu Clinic
Authors: Wasita Rai Riska Resty
Published: July 2024

Background: The Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS) for Healthh as the organizer has developed an information technology system-based application in the form of the i-Care application. This new breakthrough is expected to make it easier for users to view the health service history of service users at health facilities online. The i-Care application has been implemented since early 2023 and while using this application no evaluation has been carried out to determine the level of satisfaction of JKN participants using i-Care.
Objectives: The aim of the research is to analyze the use of the i-Care application on National Health Insurance patient satisfaction at the Marga Ayu Clinic.
Research Metodes: This research is a quantitative analytical research with a cross sectional approach where sample selection was carried out using the role of thumb of 50 JKN participants. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires referring to the EUCS method. The questions were divided into 5 categories, namely: content, accuracy, format, ease of use, timeliness and user satisfaction. The analysis test used the Spearman Rank test to find out the correlation between the use of the i-Care application and the satisfaction of National Health Insurance patients at the Marga Ayu Clinic.
Results: The research results show that there is a significant, positive and strong relationship between the variables content (0.000<0.05), accuracy (0.005<0.05), format (0.017<0.05), ease of use (0.001<0.5) and timeliness (0.003<0.05) on i-Care user satisfaction.
Conclusion: There is a significant, positive and strong relationship between content, format, ease of use, timeliness and i-Care user satisfaction. However, the accuracy variable is not related to satisfaction with a sig value of 0.434 (>0.005). This is because there is still data or information that is not updated enough and sometimes errors occur in the application.
Predictors of Per-Intubation Cardiac Arrest in Pediatrics Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
Authors: Ali Noman , Shakeel Erum , Ather Haniya , Kumar Nirdosh
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Airway management is one of the vital resuscitative procedures undertaken in many critically ill pediatric patients presenting for emergency care. Around (2–33/10,000) of all pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) require airway protection for various conditions, such as respiratory failure, airway protection, and cardiac arrest 1-3. In children, airway management demands great caution because of their age-related differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics and limited physiological reserves. Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) has become the standard technique to facilitate pediatric emergency airway management.
The objective of the study is to determine the risk factors associated with peri-intubation cardiac arrest in pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department.
Methods: This retrospective matched case-control study was carried out at the Emergency Department of the Aga Khan University Hospital from January 01, 2017, to December 31, 2022, will be included. Cases were identified as pediatric patients (age
Comparative analysis of the optimal route recommendation models based on city public transportation network data
Authors: Nasiboglu Resmiye ,   Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye, Rusiman Mohd S. , Koroglu M. Halil Ibrahim , Nasibov Efendi ,   University Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia,   Turkan Yamanturk School, Ankara, Türkiye,   Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
Published: July 2024

In recent years, studies on smart cities have attracted much attention in the literature. In the smart city concept, urban public transportation network studies are one of the most important issues. Afterthe 2000s, smart cards have been widely used in city public transportation systems. Using the data collected through the smart card, many models have been created in line with the smart city concept. In the literature, there are various optimal route recommendation models using urban public transportation network and city smart card data. In this study, some current models built on the basis of urban public transportation network and smart card data are discussed. The specifications of the models, their important differences, the topologies they use, optimization criteria, and computational complexities are analyzed. Dijkstra’s algorithm, which is widely used for the solution of optimal route recommendation models, and its various modifications are analysed. Additionally, various models developed by applying fuzzy logic are examined. Comparative analysis of public transportation network models is given.
Development index and the challenges of adopting artificial intelligence in improving the quality of e-government services to citizens in Jordan
Authors: ALQudah Mohammad Ali ,   Khazar University, Baku Azerbaijan, Muradkhanli Leyla ,   Directorate of Information Technology and Electronic Transformation, Jordan,   Baku Higher Oil School, Baku, Azerbaijan,   Institute of Control Systems, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the global and continental positions of e-government models in countries such as Jordan by analysing their experiences. The evaluation of the progress of e-government is carried out using a multi-practice methodology, which incorporates a variety of different procedures and techniques. The performance of Jordan is evaluated using the United Nations e-government maturity index, which is comprised of the Telecommunication Infrastructure Index, the Human Capital Index, and the Online Service Index. These indexes are used to compare Jordan’s performance from 2008 to 2015. The purpose of this research is to improve the capabilities of e-government by utilising previous experiences, addressing deficiencies, and making the most of potential. In addition to this, the study investigates the influence that artificial intelligence (AI) has on the confidence of users and the quality of government services that are delivered through online platforms. Specifically, the report underlines the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of adopting and utilising artificial intelligence, as well as the potential of tools and solutions that are driven by artificial intelligence.
Land Suitability Analysis of Mung Bean Plants (Vigna radiate L.) by Growing Degree Days Method
Authors: Yanti Delvi , Ramanda Rian , Safitri Imelda
Published: July 2024

Mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) is one of the most widely cultivated crops after soybean and peanut. Mung beans (Vigna radiate L.) became one of the crops that experienced a decline in production amid the increase in the area of harvested land in West Sumatra. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of land suitability of mung bean crops using the Growing Degree Days method in West Sumatra Province. The research method used in this research is Scoring and Overlay using ArcGis 10.5 software. Land suitability analysis is carried out by giving scores to several parameters of land characteristics. The parameters used are slope, land use, rainfall, soil texture and soil pH. Growing Degree Days analysis was conducted by accumulating the daily temperature values of plants based on planting scenarios. These two analyses were combined with Overlay clustering. The results showed that the land area of West Sumatra whose GDD value is optimal for mung bean growth with the level of land suitability in physical characteristics in S1 class is 15,819.29 ha and in S2 class is 877,501.06 ha. Areas that are suitable in terms of physical characteristics and values with an area of > 100 ha are Lima Puluh Kota District, Pasaman District, Solok District, and South Solok District. The best planting time for mung bean based on the planting scenario is from December to March.
Effect of vermicompost enriched with bacterial endophytes (Azospirillum and Rhizobium) on growth and yield of tomato
Authors: Nithya S. , Sasikumar K. , Raman O. S. Sethu
Published: July 2024

The extensive use of chemical fertilizers has served as a response to the increasing need for crop production in recent decades. While it addresses the demand for food, it has resulted in a decline in crop productivity and a heightened negative environmental impact. In contrast, bacterial endophytes namely Azospirillum and Rhizobium and vermicompost offer a promising alternative to mitigate the negative consequences of chemical fertilizers. It can enhance nutrient availability, promote plant growth, and improve nutrient uptake efficiency, thereby reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers. In this study, two bacterial endophytes Azospirillum and Rhizobium, combination with vermicompost and chemical fertilizer were used to investigate their potential role in the enhancement of growth yields of tomato. The inoculation of bacterial endophytes enhanced the root and shoot length, biomass and leaf chlorophyll contents. The fruit weight of the tomato (kg/plant) was also higher in the vermicompost and bacteria inoculated plants of tomato than in the chemical fertilizer. The mixed application of vermicompost with the combination of Azospirillum and Rhizobium showed the best performance compared to other treatments.
Formulation and Evaluation of Naringin Loaded Transdermal Patches using 32 Full Factorial Design
Authors: Singh Namrata , Gupta Surya  Prakash
Published: July 2024

The main goal of the current study was to maximize the bioavailability of naringin by prolonging the drug’s release using transdermal patches. Ethyl cellulose (EC) served as the lipophilic component and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as the hydrophilic matrix in the preparation of transdermal patches. A 32-complete factorial technique was used to build the optimal design matrix, altering the ratio between the hydrophilic and lipophilic matrices. To create the best optimum formulation, three alternative ratios of EC and HPMC were employed. The patches had pH values ranging from 5.28 ± 0.006 to 5.62 ± 0.015. The transdermal patches had thicknesses ranging from 0.514 ± 0.004 to 0.697 ± 0.004 mm. The average weight of the prepared transdermal patches ranged from 194.67 ± 0.578 to 241.67 ± 1.528 mg. The transdermal patches’ moisture content ranged from 7.23 ± 0.158 to 10.33 ± 0.158%. Tensile strength values of the prepared transdermal patches ranged from 9.59 ± 0.006 to 10.41 ± 0.035 kg/cm2, while the drug content varied from 94.7 ± 0.6 to 97.33 ± 0.208%.
Development and Validation of New LC-MS/MS Bioanalytical Method of Tremelimumab in Rat Plasma by Using Nivolumab as Internal Standard and Its Application with Pharmacokinetic Studies
Authors: Sahithi Alapati , Deepti Asha
Published: July 2024

Nivolumab was decided to be used as the IS. To separate the drugs, an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile (ACN): Ammonium formate containing formic acid (70:30) was adopted and delivered at 1-mL/min, along with a 150 x 4.6 mm x 3.5 μm Alliance, e2695 Luna Phenyl Hexyl column. Drug and IS, both of which display proton adducts approximately m/z 146.3685 to 120.0638 and m/z 143.7695 to 76.7964, might be detected simultaneously using MRM-positive modalities. Over a linearity level of 2.00 to 40.00 ng/mL, the method had a correlation value (r2) of 0.99977. The accuracy and precision of this method during the day ranged from 89.85 to 102.89% and 0.19 to 2.81%, respectively. Tremelimumab was reported to remain stable during three freeze-thaw cycles, benchtop tests, and postoperative stability studies. Cmax and Tmax values were acquired directly from experimental data. Cmax and Tmax averaged 18.024 ng/mL and 6 hours, respectively. At t1/2 of 18 hours, plasma levels began to fall. The obtained AUC024 and AUC0 values were 257 and 257 ng h/mL, respectively.
Characterization and Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Melinjo Seed Extract Nanoparticles
Authors: Setiawan Iwan , Saryanti Dwi , . Hazrina , Sholikhah Miftakhul
Published: July 2024

Melinjo seed extract is rich in various active compounds, including trans-resveratrol, commonly known as “melinjo resveratrol,” with antioxidant and antimicrobial pharmacological functions. However, a comprehensive exploration of the anti-inflammatory potential of melinjo seed extract has not been conducted. Converting melinjo seed extract into nanoparticles offers distinct advantages, including the ability to permeate intercellular spaces and higher cell walls through diffusion or opsonification. This flexibility allows for synergies with various technologies, presenting extensive potential for diverse applications and targets. Therefore, this experimental research aimed to obtain an extract from melinjo seed through an extraction process and apply it in nanoparticle dosage forms. Characterization was performed by evaluating the particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology, and anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that the nanoparticles were successfully prepared using the ionic gelation method, yielding a particle size of 267.5 nm, a stable potential zeta, and well-defined spherical morphology. Additionally, the nanoparticles produced the highest anti-inflammatory activity compared to treatments with conventional melinjo seed extract and sodium diclofenac.
Development and Assessment of a Nutritional Supplement Formulation for Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pise Ajay G , Ghuse Harshita , Zade Sanskruti , Tiwaskar Gayatri  H
Published: July 2024

Diabetes, a major global health issue, affects 424.9 million people worldwide, with a significant portion undiagnosed, leading to severe health and economic impacts. Effective management of diabetes includes dietary interventions, among which nutraceuticals play a crucial role. Nutraceuticals are food-derived compounds that offer health benefits, including disease prevention and treatment. This study focuses on the development of an antidiabetic nutraceutical instant soup powder formulated with ingredients like fenugreek seed, finger millet, tomato, curry leaves, garlic, black pepper, black salt, stevia, and oyster mushrooms.The raw materials were sourced from local markets and processed to create a fine powder mix. The soup powder’s physicochemical parameters, including pH, viscosity, moisture content, and ash levels, were measured. Nutritional analysis, sensory evaluation, and heavy metal content determination were conducted following standard protocols. The soup powder exhibited significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties, demonstrating potential as a dietary supplement for diabetes management. The sensory evaluation indicated high acceptability among the panelists, highlighting the product’s feasibility for consumer use.
Effect of Inhaler Technique Health Education in Improving Symptoms and Lung Function in COPD Outpatient in a Private Hospital in Gresik, Indonesia: Pilot Studies
Authors: Lorensia Amelia , . Soedarsono , Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Badri Havida Ainin
Published: July 2024

Inhalers are the most effective therapy in the treatment of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Research shows that a large number of COPD patients do not use inhalers properly. Incorrect inhaler use technique can reduce drug delivery and poor disease control. Education on how to use inhalers is an important part of COPD management. The study was conducted to determine the effect of education on symptom assessment, lung function assessment and inhaler use skill assessment in COPD patients. The research was in the form of a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the effect of education on how to use the inhaler on the assessment of symptoms (p = 0.000), a significant difference in the assessment of lung function (p = 0.001) and a significant difference in the assessment of skills in using the inhaler (p = 0.000). Education on how to use inhalers has an influence on the assessment of symptoms, lung function and skills in using inhalers in COPD patients.
Effect of Magnesium Stearate and Fines on Delivery of Dry Powder for Inhalation using Sucrose as a Carrier
Authors: Jadhav Ganesh , Wagh Milind , Inamdar Nazma
Published: July 2024

Typically, lactose is utilised as carrier in Dry Powder Inhaler commercially. However, with the widening scope of DPI in therapeutic categories other than COPD and asthma, a need for the alternate carrier is arising. In this study, we used sucrose, a non-reducing sugar, as an alternate carrier. Effect of addition of fines and magnesium stearate was studied on powder flow properties and aerosolization performance. The air jet milling technique was used to generate sucrose fines. DSC and XRD studies showed no change in sucrose polymorph upon micronization. Levosalbutamol sulphate was used as a model drug, powder blends were prepared by low shear tumbling type blender. Powder formulations were studied for PSD, blend homogeneity, and flow properties. The percentage of particles smaller than 5 microns rose when fines were added as indicated by PSD data. SEM study revealed that the added fines get adsorbs on the coarse carrier, thus minimizing the adhesive interactions between drug and coarse carrier. In-vitro deposition was studied using low and high resistance devices on glass Twin Stage Impinger (TSI). Addition of fines and the magnesium stearate improves aerosolization performance showing higher Fine Particle Fraction (FPF) by almost 2 folds than the formulation containing coarse carrier alone.
Development of a Bioanalytical Assay for the Selective RET Inhibitor Pralsetinib in Plasma Samples Utilizing Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Pendyala Vijetha , Addanki Susmitha Priyadarsini , Suryadevara Vidyadhara
Published: July 2024

Pralsetinib is a potent and specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the RET receptor, used in treating various cancers. This study developed and validated a bioanalytical assay for pralsetinib in plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The internal standard was erlotinib, and protein precipitation with acetonitrile was used for sample preparation. The analytes were separated on an Ultimate® XB-C18 column using gradient elution with ammonium acetate in water and methanol. Both are acidified with 0.1% formic acid. Detection was performed using positive electrospray ionization in the chosen reaction monitoring mode. The assay was validated over a linear range of 2 to 2000 ng/mL, achieving accuracies greater than 90% and precision values below 2%. The method was stable under all tested conditions without significant matrix effects or extraction losses.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Ticagrelor Oral Dispersible Tablets by Using Co-processed Superdisintegrants
Authors: Dhobale Gayatri , Chavan Soham , Dhobale Shankar , Tare Harshal
Published: July 2024

Ticagrelor is a contemporary anti-platelet drug that inhibits the aggregation of platelets by blocking the adenosine phosphate (ADP) receptors of the subtype P2Y12; generally utilized in patients who have a previous history of myocardial infarction or with acute coronary syndrome to prevent occurring of myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death and stroke in future. This study focuses on the development of formulation development & assessment of an oral dispersible tablet of ticagrelor, a Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class 4 drug, by using the co-processed superdisintegrants to enhance drug dissolution and bioavailability. Wet granules with different concentrations of co-processed superdisintegrants developed the tablets. This study includes seven formulations that were formulated using the different selected excipients. The various batches were assessed for physical characteristics, disintegration, dissolution studies, hardness and friability. In-vitro dissolution investigations were conducted for formulations. S1 to S7 at time points 5, 15 and 30 minutes. According to the results of the formulation S7 was discovered to be the optimum formulation, as shown 102.89% drug release at 5 minutes and a disintegration time of 16 seconds. Thus, it appears that S7 is the most suitable formulation of ticagrelor oral dispersible tablet in order for enhanced bioavailability.
Formulation and Evaluation of Brucine Sulphate Transdermal Patch for Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Dhobale Gayatri , Dhobale Shankar , Hande Rupali , Tare Harshal
Published: July 2024

This study was designed to develop and evaluate a transdermal patch containing brucine sulphate, a herb-based ingredient. Because of its potential to treat a wide range of illnesses with fewer side effects and higher efficacy, herbal medicines are gaining popularity in today’s society. Researchers in the field of phytoformulation have shown that there are a lot of benefits to enhancing the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs by creating nano dosage forms such as nanoparticles, nano-capsules, liposomes, nano-emulsion, and transdermal patches. Drugs can be delivered to patients in a regulated manner through transdermal drug delivery systems. It decreases systemic side effects and, in some cases, provides efficacy compared to other dose forms by enabling a consistent blood level profile. Patch preparation done by using naturally occurring polymers. Thickness, moisture content, folding endurance, and content homogeneity are some of the evaluation measures that are carried out. The transdermal patches evaluated successfully. Average weight of patch was 2.65 g, having folding endurance 94 times and pH of patch was 5.69, moisture content was 7.9%
Characterization and In-vitro Study of Polyethylene Glycol as Coating Material used as Drug Carriers on Coronary Stent for Treatment of Cardiac Diseases
Authors: Chopade Jayashri V , Hujare Deepak
Published: July 2024

Background: The way coronary artery disease is treated has changed dramatically with the use of coronary angioplasty and stenting. Nowadays, acute coronary syndromes brought on by coronary artery disease are frequently treated using drug-eluting stents. A review of the literature reveals that the polymer coating’s thickness affects the stent’s safety; moreover, current computational studies suggest that larger coatings increase the risk of stent deformity. Polyethylene glycol is the preferred polymer coating material for coronary artery stents.Objectives: Characterization of polyethylene glycol as a medication carrier coating for coronary stents used in cardiac disease therapyMethods: Using UV-visible spectrophotometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and surface morphology, polyethylene glycol was characterized.Results: The calibration curves’ linear regression results, as revealed by the UV-visible spectrophotometer investigation, showed a significant linear association between the concentration range of 10 to 60 μg/mL for polyethylene glycol Y = 0.0354X + 0.0212 (r2 = 0.999), was found. Polyethylene glycol’s molecular miscibility, recrystallization, and phase separation were investigated using a DSC analysis. It was found that the material was physically stable because no recrystallization peaks were visible. According to the results of the thermogravimetric study, a ceramic sample cup with 4 to 6 mg of sample was heated to 400°C at a rate of 5°C every minute. Nitrogen gas was continuously supplied at a rate of 20 mL/min into the sample chamber during the analysis. The results of each batch were measured, and an average was determined. The study of surface coatings to examine the microstructure of the coatings produced both before and after the use of polymers is known as surface morphology. Within analytical imaging is the subset of surface morphology. Pure polyethylene glycol’s morphology showed broad plate-shaped structures. Additionally, a strong band is detected between 1362 and 1287 cm-1, which is comparable to the C-O stretching vibration seen in primary alcohol.Conclusion: On base of the characterization results above shows that polymers were stable and included functional groups and structures throughout a range of conditions. It is possible to use polyethylene glycol as a coating material for coronary stents.
Formulation, Development and In-vitro Characterization of Modified Release Tablets of Curcumin
Authors: Nikam Vikrant , Suryawanshi Sachin , Rathod Nikita , Kadam Shruti
Published: July 2024

Objective: The current study set out to design and test a cost-effective system for developing modified-release tablets of curcumin in an effort to increase the duration of drug release. Because curcumin has a shorter elimination half-life, reducing the frequency of doses can increase its bioavailability. Methods: For improved drug retardation in the stomach environment, modified-release tablets were made utilizing the wet granulation method with various grades of high-potassium chloride (HPC) as the extended-release matrix-forming agent and katira gum as the viscosity-modifying agent. Combining the use of HPC and katira gum slows the drug’s release in the stomach. The sustained-release tablets had the highest rate of medication release for up to 24 hours with almost no stomach absorption. The medication and excipients did not interact, according to the fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra. There was no evidence of drug-excipient incompatibility, according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests. Optimal formulation batch F2 modified release tablets showed no outward signs of deterioration after three months of storage, according to stability analysis. Further evidence that F2 was steady is the lack of variation in drug content and percentage of drug release. Conclusion: This study accomplished its stated goal of creating a modified-release tablet formulation that is both cost-effective and does not make use of coating technology.
Mebendazole Suppresses Tumor Growth and Hinders the Invasion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Model Systems by Disrupting RAN-GTP Regulation
Authors: Al-Ramamneh Rahmeh Saad , El-Tanani Mohamed , Muhana Frezah , Alqaraleh Moath
Published: July 2024

Due to the lack of targeted therapies, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), one of the most aggressive types of cancer, has a poor prognosis and a high death rate. TNBC frequently metastasizes to the brain, bones, and lungs. Studies have demonstrated a correlation between the metastatic behavior of A594 lung cancer cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and the overexpression of the RAN GTP (RAN) gene. Using a variety of biological assays, this study sought to investigate mebendazole’s potential as an anticancer agent by specifically targeting the RAN gene. Both MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (IC50 7.5 μM) and A549 lung cancer cells (IC50 48.5 μM) were shown to be resistant to mebendazole’s ability to promote cell growth. The cytotoxic effect of mebendazole via the apoptotic pathway was confirmed by Annexin V assays on both cell lines. Furthermore, mebendazole demonstrated enhanced efficacy against TNBC by halting the cell cycle, preventing colony formation, invasion, and migration, and reducing RAN GTPase expression in both cell lines.
Enhancing Anticancer Potential: Optimization of Allicin Extraction from Regular Garlic and Characterization of Allicin-Loaded Copper Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Dana Tufail , Pathan Amjad Khan , Ahmad Sufiyan
Published: July 2024

This research aimed to optimize the extraction and purification processes of allicin from regular garlic (Allium sativum) and to evaluate the potential of allicin-loaded copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles for anticancer applications. Initially, various solvents, including MilliQ water, 25% methanol, and phosphate buffer pH 2.5 in 60% methanol, were tested to determine the most effective conditions for extracting allicin. Among these, MilliQ water and 25% methanol demonstrated the highest extraction efficiencies, as evidenced by their absorbance values. The extracted allicin underwent purification and was subsequently characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These techniques confirmed the identity and high purity of the allicin. Following purification, the allicin was encapsulated into copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using an optimized nanoprecipitation protocol. The physicochemical properties of the allicin-loaded nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis revealed a mean particle size of 123 nm, indicating a uniform and nanoscale particle distribution. Zeta potential measurements indicated a surface charge of -28.34 mV, suggesting good stability of the nanoparticles in suspension. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to further analyze the particle size, surface charge, and morphology, providing detailed insights into the structural attributes of the nanoparticles. The successful encapsulation of allicin into CuO nanoparticles not only enhances the stability and bioavailability of allicin but also leverages the unique properties of CuO nanoparticles, which are known for their anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. This study underscores the potential of allicin-loaded CuO nanoparticles derived from regular garlic as a promising formulation for pharmaceutical applications, particularly in the field of oncology. These findings warrant further investigation into their clinical efficacy and safety to fully harness their therapeutic potential.
Effect of Lyophilization on Characteristics of Iloperidone Nanosuspension
Authors: Jadhav Shivraj Popat , Dhakad Prashant Kumar , Gupta Tapasvi , Gilhotra Ritu
Published: July 2024

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to develop the nanosuspension formulation of iloperidone and to check the effect of lyophilization on different characteristics of iloperidone nanosuspension.Methods: Solvent-antisolvent method with probe ultrasonication was used for the formulation of nanosuspension. The nanosuspension was then converted into lyophilized form by using mannitol as a cryoprotectant and then evaluated for various parameters, including particle size, saturation solubility, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis, fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), in-vitro drug release study. Result: From the study it was observed the increase in concentration of cryoprotectant while lyophilization has increased the particle size of nanosuspension. As there was an increase in particle size after lyophilization, there was a decrease in saturation solubility. In-vitro drug release also indicates a slight decrease in drug release after lyophilization. Overall, lyophilization might be used in the improvement of stability of nanosuspension, parameters must be chosen carefully for the process of lyophilization in order to obtain nanosuspension with good characteristics.
Application of PCR and ELISA for Investigation the Helicobacter pylori in Stool Specimens of Infected Patients
Authors: Al-Jumaili Saja A , Althwani Amina N , Ahmed Ahmed Dawood , Dahy Ahmad Abd alraheem Ibrahem , Najim Zina , Al-Khalidi Nawal M
Published: July 2024

Background: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a global health issue, and non-invasive and accurate testing is a promising diagnostic method. Because H. pylori antibodies collapse quite gradually even after effective treatment. So, the tests for identifying the antibody of H. pylori are missing specificity and sensitivity. Instead, the tests of stool antigen for H. pylori are described as an alternative method because they have more reliability and simplicity. Aim: The study was aimed to assess the performance of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), for the detection of H. pylori antigen in stool and compare it to molecular tests by using two housekeeping genes. Methods: Stool samples were collected from patients (85) who attended the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Center in Baghdad, Iraq, and underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for biopsy in a period extended from November 2020 to July 2021. PCR and ELISA were used to Investigate H. pylori in stool specimens of infected patients. Results: The result revealed that 74/85 (87.88%) of specimens were positive by ELISA, whereas 49/85 (57.6%) were positive for the 16 SrRNA gene related to Helicobacter genus and 35/85 (41.1%) were positive for amiA gene related to H. pylori species, and that means the ELISA test is more accurate than PCR analysis for detection of H. pylori bacteria in stool specimen. Conclusion: Detection H. pylori Ag using the ELISA test was superior to the molecular test. Therefore, the ELISA test might replace other methods and could be used for the detection of active H. pylori infection before the inauguration of treatment between dyspeptic patients.
Synthesis and Method of Nanoparticles and Their Applications- An Exhaustive Review
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Parashar Tarun , Khan Arbaz , Jakhmola Vikash
Published: July 2024

Nanoparticles are tiny little particles, going from 1 to 100 nm in size. They stand out enough to be noticed because they have unique properties that are not quite the same as bigger particles. Researchers can make nanoparticles utilizing various techniques like combining synthetic compounds as one, utilizing actual cycles like crushing, or, in any event, utilizing living organic entities like microbes. These minuscule particles have a ton of purposes since we have some control over their properties definitively. They’re utilized in things like conveying drugs inside the body, assisting responses with happening quicker in science (called catalysis), making sensors to identify things, working on clinical imaging, and tidying up contamination. Controlling how nanoparticles are made is significant because it assists us with ensuring they have the right properties for what we need to involve them. For instance, in the event that we’re making nanoparticles to convey drugs, we believe they should be a sure size and shape so they can go through the body successfully. Nanotechnology is assisting us with tracking down better approaches to battle against illnesses, like malignant growth and contaminations, by utilizing extraordinary nanoparticles that are ok for the body but can target and treat these sicknesses.