bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Access to Credit, Education, and Women’s Say in Bangladesh
Authors: Bouldier Bryan L. , Emran M. Shahe , Hoque Nazmul
Published: December 2024

A significant empirical literature on women’s say in the household focuses on the effects of microcredit, but there is little evidence on the relative roles of access to credit and education. Using household survey data from Bangladesh, this paper provides a comparative analysis of the effects of education and credit on women’s decision-making power in the household with regard to their own and children’s health, large purchases, and geographic mobility. In the absence of credible exclusion restrictions, the paper implements Oster’s (2019) bias-adjusted OLS estimator, which extends Altonji et al.’s (2005) approach in which “selection on observables” serves as a guide to “selection on unobservables.” In addition, it uses a doubly robust radius matching estimator due to Lechner et al. (2011). The evidence suggests a limited impact of credit on the decision-making power of women, and this is consistent with the recent evidence from RCT-based studies in other developing countries. In contrast, education is much more important for enhancing women’s say in a range of household decisions. There is no significant interaction effect between education and credit. Evidence from Gelbach’s (2016) decomposition suggests that outside employment is an important mediating mechanism, but household wealth and assortative marriage matching on education are not important. The impact of education on women’s decision-making remains strong even after controlling for these mediating factors, pointing to the importance of other mechanisms, such as self-confidence and better negotiation skills of educated women.
Trends and Inequality of Childhood Stunting in Bangladesh: A Household Level Analysis
Authors:   Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, Sarker Abdur Razzaque , Hossain Zakir
Published: December 2024

Although Bangladesh has achieved remarkable economic growth and improved various health indicators, childhood stunting remains one of the major public health concerns. This paper examines the trends and patterns of childhood stunting and inequality and its socio-economic contributors in Bangladesh. Data have been extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey. The most recent five rounds (2004, 2007, 2011, 2014, and 2017-18) of the BDHS data are used. In addition, a regression-based decomposition method is applied to assess the socio-economic contributors to the inequality of childhood stunting. Findings show that the overall change in stunting prevalence from 2004 to 2017-18 accounts for about 39 per cent, while the prevalence of stunting declines at a rate of 3.26 per cent per annum— from 51 per cent in 2004 to 31 per cent in 2017-18, indicating that the inequality of childhood stunting has not improved much yet. The value of the concentration index accounts for -0.365 in 2004 and -0.352 in 2017-18. Evidence from the most recent five rounds of BDHS indicates that the household wealth index contributes the highest (about 50 per cent) to the inequality of childhood stunting in Bangladesh, followed by wealth status. The paper suggests that investing in economic status and community-based educational programs can improve childhood malnutrition situations and, at the same time, reduce inequality. Nutrition-specific interventions such as micronutrient supplemen-tation, improved food and nutrient intake during pregnancy for low-income households, and strengthening infant and young child feeding practices might also be prioritised to tackle childhood stunting. Further, investment in health and education, employment opportunities, and empowerment of poor and disadvantageous women will be essential measures to eradicate childhood stunting and its inequality at the population level.
Bangladesh Trade Policy: Evolution, Current State, Future Directions
Authors: Sattar Zaidi
Published: December 2024

Trade policy is not a static phenomenon. In Bangladesh, the trade policy regime has evolved over the five decades since independence. The first two decades were lost decades as trade policy simply reflected a legacy of the past inward-looking import-substituting policy of pre-independent Bangladesh. Radical changes in trade policy and market orientation occurred during the 1990s, earning Bangladesh the moniker of “globaliser”. But liberalising policies soon gave way to resurgence of protection through high tariffs and para-tariffs. Trade policy dualism emerged with readymade garment (RMG) exports accorded a free trade channel while non-RMG exports operated under a highly restrictive and protectionist trade regime, which characterises the current state of trade policy. Given the evolving landscape of international trade, geopolitical fragmentation, creeping deglobalisation, and rising populism have been shaping global trade for nearly a decade. These could present potential challenges as well as some opportunities for Bangladesh’s future growth trajectory. As China+1 geopolynomics takes hold as a de-risking alternative to China-sourcing, our RMG industry is well placed to absorb part of the redirected additional demand given its wage competitiveness, underutilised production capacities, and capable swift-footed first-generation entrepreneurs.
Integration vor Separation im Spiegel unserer Statistik
Authors: Lanners Romain
Published: December 2024

Die Zahlen des Bundesamts für Statistik (BFS) zeigen, dass die integrative Schule seit dem Höhepunkt der schulischen Separation in der Schweiz im Schuljahr 2004/05 an Popularität gewonnen hat. Die Schweiz befindet sich auf dem Weg hin zu einer Schule für alle Lernende. Die modernisierte Statistik der Sonderpädagogik zeigt ein differenziertes und zum grossen Teil positives Bild der Schulentwicklung, auch wenn leider die Anzahl der Lernenden in Sonderschulen in den letzten vier Jahrzehnten schweizweit stetig gestiegen ist. Die neuen Zahlen zeigen, dass die integrative Schule bei uns nicht gescheitert ist. Wir haben jedoch viel Luft nach oben im internationalen Vergleich.
Zehn Jahre BRK in der Schweiz: Standortbestimmung zu Digitalisierung und Inklusion
Authors: Bosse Ingo , Verena Wahl
Published: December 2024

Die Behindertenrechtskonvention (BRK) betont die Bedeutung der Digitalisierung für die Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderungen. In der Schweiz gibt es nur wenig Daten dazu, wie Menschen mit Behinderungen Medien nutzen. Die digitale Barrierefreiheit ist trotz rechtlicher Vorgaben unzureichend umgesetzt. Studien zeigen Lücken in der Zugänglichkeit von ICT, insbesondere in der Privatwirtschaft. Die Verständlichkeit digitaler Inhalte bleibt ebenfalls ein Problem. Um diesen Defiziten entgegenzuwirken, wurde im Herbst 2024 die «Allianz Digitale Inklusion Schweiz» (ADIS) gegründet.
INTEGRATED FIELD MANAGEMENT OF HENOSEPILACHNA VIGINTIOCTOPUNCTATA (FABR.) ON POTATO USING BOTANICAL AND MICROBIAL PESTICIDES
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (University), Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal-736165, India., Ghosh Sunil Kr.
Published: December 2024

Potato (Solanumtuberosum L.) is cultivated in India in a commercial scale and this crop issusceptible to various insect pests of which epilachna beetle (Henosepilachnavigintioctopunctata Fabr.) causes heavy damage. Studies were made toevaluate efficacy of extracts from plants such as Pongamia pinnata L.(Karanja) and Nicotiana tabacum L., botanical insecticide such asazadirachtin (1500 ppm), microbial insecticides like Beauveria bassianaVuillemin against epilachna beetle infesting potato crop under fieldconditions of the sub Himalayan region of north-east India during the rabiseason. Methanol was used as solvent for extracting from fruits of Pongamia andwater for leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Cartap hydrochloride 50% SP wasused as check. Three sprays at 10-day intervals were made, starting with theinitiation of infestation. Total epilachna beetle numbers (both adult and grub)per plant were counted at 4 and 9 days after treatment (DAT). The data thusobtained were converted to the per cent reduction of the epilachna beetle populationand analyzed statistically. Significant differences were found in the efficacyof different treatments in reducing the pest population and their persistence atdifferent DAT. Cartap hydrochloride was found the most effective treatment forthe controlling epilachna beetles, followed by botanical insecticide,azadirachtin. It was observed that botanical insecticide, azadirachtin andextracts of Pongamia at a concentration of 5 % gave satisfactory control,recording more than 50 % mortality. The azadirachtin was found very effectiveagainst the epilachna beetle, achieving more than 60% mortality at 4 days afterspraying. Plant extracts, botanical insecticides and microbial insecticides arebiopesticides having less or no hazardous effects on human health and theenvironment, and therefore, they can be incorporated in IPM programmes andorganic farming.
The Effectiveness of ECE (Early Clinical Exposure) on the Integration of Basic Knowledge with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Knowledge and Interprofessional Collaboration in Medical Students of Prima Indonesia University
Authors: Sijabat Bella Sari , Lister Clarissa , Fachrial Edy
Published: December 2024

Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) is a teaching-learning methodology that involves exposing medical students to patients or clinical scenarios early in the first year of medical education. In this study, the focus is on fifth-semester students, particularly on the integration of basic knowledge with clinical knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMT2), the role of multidisciplinary teams, and interprofessional collaboration. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of early clinical exposure in integrating basic knowledge with clinical knowledge of DMT2 and knowledge of interprofessional collaboration among medical students at Universitas Prima Indonesia. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with an experimental design, specifically quasi-experimental research. In this design, 124 fifth-semester medical students from Universitas Prima Indonesia will be given a pretest before participating in Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) and a posttest after completing Early Clinical Exposure (ECE). The results of this study indicate a significant difference in the integration of basic knowledge with clinical knowledge of DMT2 and knowledge of interprofessional collaboration among medical students at Universitas Prima Indonesia, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) is effective in improving the integration of basic knowledge with clinical knowledge of DMT2 and knowledge of interprofessional collaboration among medical students at Universitas Prima Indonesia.
Öffentliche Unternehmen als Gegenstand von Informationspflichten
Authors: Hagen Lisa
Published: December 2024

Informationspflichten von Öffentlichen Unternehmen Öffentliche Unternehmen unterliegen einer Vielzahl von öffentlich-rechtlichen Bindungen, deren Einhaltung der staatliche bzw. kommunale Anteilseigner sicherzustellen hat. Die jeweilige Trägerkörperschaft muss sich dafür hinreichende Informationsrechte gegenüber ihrem Unternehmen vorbehalten. Auskunftspflicht gegenüber dem Parlament Der staatliche Anteilseigner ist insbesondere hinsichtlich der Tätigkeiten seiner öffentlichen Unternehmen gegenüber dem Parlament verantwortlich. Denn sie können Gegenstand einer parlamentarischen Anfrage sein. Auf Seiten des öffentlichen Unternehmens besteht gleichzeitig ein Interesse an einem funktionsadäquaten Schutz vertraulicher Informationen vor dem Zugriff der Öffentlichkeit. Umfang und Grenzen der Informationspflichten ... Der Band beleuchtet vor diesem Hintergrund Umfang und Grenzen der Informationspflichten betreffend öffentlicher Unternehmen gegenüber dem Parlament auf Bundes- und Landesebene. Darüber hinaus widmet sich die Arbeit der Informationsbeziehung zwischen öffentlichen Unternehmen und dem Gemeinderat bzw. seinen Mitgliedern. ... auf kommunaler Ebene Dabei geht die Verfasserin der Frage nach, inwiefern die Maßstäbe der parlamentarischen Informationspflichten unter Berücksichtigung der strukturellen Besonderheiten der kommunalen Ebene auf diese übertragen werden können, und zieht einen umfassenden Vergleich zwischen den Informationspflichten auf Bundes-, Landes- und kommunaler Ebene.
Analysis of Perinatal Risk Factors of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Zhu Hongbin , Wang Yueyi , Wei Xuexu , Mao Feifei , Liu Fang
Published: December 2024

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), also known as hyaline membrane disease (HMD), occurs due to a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant (PS), leading to rapid onset, fast progression, and poor prognosis of the disease. Objectives: To analyze the perinatal high-risk factors for RDS in late preterm infants. Methods: This was a case-control study. One hundred and thirty-eight late preterm infants admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and divided into the observation group (n = 36) and the control group (n = 102) based on the occurrence of RDS. The general conditions and risk factors of the two groups were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Univariate analysis of perinatal high-risk factors in late preterm infants indicated significant differences in male sex, elective cesarean section, amniotic fluid aspiration, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), intrauterine hypoxia, pregnancy complications, and other factors between the two groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the factors with statistically significant differences. This analysis found that all univariate factors with statistically significant differences, except for intrauterine hypoxia, were high-risk factors for RDS in late preterm infants (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The indications for cesarean section should be strictly controlled, health education during pregnancy should be strengthened, maternal newborns with pregnancy complications should be monitored as early as possible, and effective intervention measures should be taken to reduce the risk of RDS.
Cost-Utility Analysis of Trastuzumab-Emtansine Versus Trastuzumab for the Treatment of Residual Invasive HER-2-Positive Breast Cancer in Iran
Authors: Hemati Homa , Nosrati Marzieh , Seyedifar Meysam
Published: December 2024

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women, and its incidence is increasing in Iran. HER-2-positive breast cancer is invasive and often associated with poorer outcomes. Patients with this type of breast cancer can develop resistance to medications like trastuzumab. Trastuzumab-emtansine (TDM1) is a medication developed to reduce cancer cell resistance to trastuzumab. The TDM1 has been shown to decrease the incidence of death and recurrence in breast cancer. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-utility and calculate the budget impact of TDM1 versus trastuzumab for the treatment of residual invasive HER-2-positive breast cancer. Methods: A Markov model with a lifetime horizon was developed, incorporating four health states. Women aged 45 with residual invasive HER-2-positive breast cancer entered the model. The study adopted a healthcare system perspective, with costs reported in 2021 US dollars. Discount rates of 7% for costs and 3% for utility values were applied. Utility values and transition probabilities were derived from published literature. Costs were estimated based on guidelines, expert opinions, and Iranian tariffs. Iran’s pharmacoeconomic threshold of 1085$ was used for comparison. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and budget impact of TDM1 were calculated, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the model. Results: The model indicated that treatment with TDM1 resulted in a 1.59 quality-adjusted life year (QALY) increase, with an additional cost of 1408$. This was deemed cost-effective, considering Iran’s pharmacoeconomic threshold of 1085$ (calculated ICER: 886$ per QALY gained). One-way sensitivity analysis revealed that the model was sensitive to the costs of TDM1 and trastuzumab, the discount rates for utility values and costs, and the probability of achieving invasive disease-free survival (IDFS). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that 59.61% of simulations fell below Iran’s pharmacoeconomic threshold, supporting the model's robustness. The budget impact analysis revealed that the additional budget required for TDM1 treatment over a three-year period was 1,120,546$ compared to trastuzumab. Conclusions: Although TDM1 imposes higher costs, it is more cost-effective than trastuzumab for the treatment of residual invasive HER-2-positive breast cancer in Iran.
The Prevalence of Typical and Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Non-diarrheal Stool Samples of Children of Tehran
Authors: Farhadinia Saba , Najarpiraye Shahin , Bakhshi Bita
Published: December 2024

Background: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains cause a self-limited gastrointestinal disease in developing countries and often infect children. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is the most common DEC strain, which is usually carried by diarrheal children. However, some non-diarrheal EPEC carriers, particularly atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC), have been increasing in some countries, including Iran. Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of typical EPEC and atypical EPEC strains and their antimicrobial resistance rate among non-diarrheal children under 10 years of age, isolated from schools and welfare centers in Tehran. Methods: We collected 350 fecal specimens from non-diarrheal children. The strains were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes such as eae, bfpA, stx-1, and stx-2 genes. Antibiotic resistance rates of the strains were examined using the disk diffusion method. Results: Among 350 fecal specimens, 160 specimens were taken from boys and 190 specimens from girls. The results of the genotypical-based assay for eae, bfpA, stx-1, and stx-2 genes showed 32% of isolates were eae positive. Overall, of 142 isolates, 1.4% were only bfpA positive and 7.04% and 1.7% contained stx-1 and stx-2, respectively. Resistance rate to tigecycline among EPEC strains was more reported than other antibiotics. On the other hand, 13.43% of isolates were considered Fosfomycin-susceptible EPEC strains. Conclusions: The results showed the prevalence of atypical enteropathogenic E. coli strains is increasing in schools, and so there is a dangerous alarm as these carriers spread the antimicrobial-resistant strains in the community and can shift the microbial flora pattern.
Thực trạng điều trị thuốc kháng huyết khối ở bệnh nhân rung nhĩ không do bệnh van tim được can thiệp động mạch vành
Authors: Nguyễn Tiến Thành , Nguyễn Quốc Thái , Phan Tuấn Đạt , Nguyễn Ngọc Quang
Published: December 2024

- Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh lý mạch vành ở bệnh nhân rung nhĩ là một trong những tình huống lâm sàng khá phức tạp, sự chồng chéo giữa rung nhĩ và PCI hàm ý những thách thức liên quan đến việc quản lý liệu pháp chống huyết khối.
- Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu thực trạng sử dụng liệu pháp kháng huyết khối ở bệnh nhân rung nhĩ không do bệnh van tim được can thiệp động mạch vành; mô tả tỷ lệ các biến chứng lâm sàng nặng (bao gồm cả tắc mạch và chảy máu nặng) trong 6 tháng theo dõi.
- Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên các bệnh nhân rung nhĩ không do bệnh van tim được can thiệp động mạch vành tại Viện Tim mạch Việt Nam, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai và Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An từ tháng 01/2020 đến tháng 12/2022 theo phương pháp hồi cứu, nghiên cứu tiến cứu có theo dõi dọc đến thời gian 6 tháng sau ra viện.
- Kết quả: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên 174 người bệnh, có 45,4% bệnh nhân được sử dụng liệu pháp 2 thuốc chống huyết khối (DAT: sử dụng 1 kháng kết tập tiểu cầu kết hợp 1 thuốc chống đông máu); có 54,6% bệnh nhân được sử dụng liệu pháp 3 thuốc chống huyết khối (TAT: sử dụng kháng kết tập tiểu cầu kép kết hợp 1 thuốc chống đông máu). Loại thuốc chống ngưng tập tiểu cầu phổ biến nhất là clopidogrel với 95,4%. Trong nhóm nghiên cứu thuốc chống đông được dùng nhiều nhất là rivaroxaban với 67,2%; tiếp theo là thuốc kháng vitamin K (Acenocumaron) với 12,6%.
- Kết luận: Tỷ lệ liệu pháp sử dụng 3 thuốc kháng huyết khối cao hơn so với liệu pháp điều trị 2 thuốc kháng huyết khối ở bệnh nhân rung nhĩ không do bệnh van tim được can thiệp động mạch vành. Biến cố chảy máu ở những bệnh nhân được sử dụng liệu pháp TAT cao hơn những bệnh nhân được sử dụng liệu pháp DAT (p<0,05).
Contributions of Career Muslim Women of Ilorin Emirate to the Society: Alhaja Meimunat Idi-Agbede in Focus
Authors: O. R. Azeez  , R. O. Jubril  , S. A. Badmus
Published: December 2024

Some contemporary Muslim women have subjected themselves to degradation and subordination due to mixture of cultural patterns with civilization where women are majorly focusing on career development at the expense of their marital responsibilities. However, a number of Ilorin Muslim women have succeeded in keeping a meaningful career as well as discharging their marital responsibilities dutifully. Therefore, this paper aimed at studying the contributions of these women, as career Muslim women, to Ilorin emirate with focus on Alhajja Meimunat Idi-Agbede. The methodology adopt includes historical and descriptive methods. Historical method was used to account for the biography of Alhaja Meimunat Idi-Agbede, while descriptive method was used to describe the career Muslim women in Ilorin emirate in general and the contribution of Alhaja Idi-Agbede in particular. The paper reveal that some notable career Muslim women in Ilorin emirate such as Alhaja Segilola Alaya and Professor Ni’mat Abdur-Raheem have made huge contributions to the society in general and that the contributions of Alhajja meimunat Idi-Agbede are focus more centered on Shamsudeen College of Arabic and Islamic Studies, assistance of the orphans, widows and the needy among others. Therefore, the paper conclude that despite the huge number of contemporary Muslim women who have ventured into having career in men populated domain, a number of them still work-hard to sustain their various homes, by maintaining balance between the two duties. It is therefore recommended that the contributions of these notable career Muslim women be documented and exposed to serve as motivation for other women in Ilorin emirate.
Sharia Compliance Research by Indonesian Authors Based on Scopus Database: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zuel Fahmi  , Samsi  , Ahmad Bilal Almagribi
Published: December 2024

This research aims to address the gap in understanding the annual growth and impact of sharia compliance research by Indonesian authors. The focus of this research is to analyze publication trends, main contributors, and collaboration networks using bibliometric methods, utilizing database sources from Scopus and the VOSviewer visualization tool. Based on the analysis, publications on sharia compliance experienced significant annual growth, where Fianto B.A. and Sukmana R. are well-known writers affiliated with Airlangga University. The journals that most frequently contain these publications are the Journal of Islamic Marketing and the Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, with scientific articles being the most common type of document. The subject areas most frequently discussed include business, management, accounting, economics, econometrics, and finance. Collaboration between authors shows strong collaboration, both domestic and international collaboration, especially with authors from Malaysia and Australia. Keywords that appear at the same time (co-occurrence) indicate that sharia banking, corporate governance, and financial performance are the main topics discussed. As for future research, it is recommended that topics related to sharia compliance can be explored further in the context of environmental sustainability, technological innovation, non-financial sectors, and comparative studies, especially in the fields of creative economy and halal tourism.
An elusive ancestry of Neogastropoda: a potential of Maturifusidae, Pseudotritoniidae, and Purpurinidae as the stem groups
Authors: BAKAYEVA Sofia , NÜTZEL Alexander , KAIM Andrzej
Published: December 2024

Notwithstanding considerable efforts and new data on gastropod evolution collected in the recent decades, the origin of Neogastropoda remains still elusive. In this contribution we compare and ­discuss members of three extinct families previously proposed as possible neogastropod stem groups, i.e., Maturifusidae Gründel, 2001, Pseudotritoniidae Golikov & Starobogatov, 1987, and Purpurinidae Zittel, 1895. Their morphological characteristics, especially the differences in protoconch morphology, strongly suggest that they should all be considered as separate clades. The taxonomic status and the composition of each family is here reviewed and accordingly revised. Angularia kittli n. sp. is introduced from the Carnian (Late Triassic) of the St. Cassian Formation (Italy).
Examination of Academic Library Platforms and Systems during COVID-19
Authors: Hudson Cole , Gallagher Paul
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the use and subsequent trajectory of academic library technologies due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Taking a broad view of technologies, the systems and services discussed will center around resource use because COVID restrictions shuttered many in-person technologies. The two academic libraries compared in this study show a similar pattern of use and signal growth of certain platforms and technologies for the future.
Text Analysis of Archival Finding Aids
Authors: Bahde Anne , Key Cara
Published: December 2024

Archival repositories must be strategic and selective in deciding what collections they will acquire and steward. Careful collection stewards balance many factors, including ongoing resource needs and future research use. They ensure new acquisitions build upon existing topical strengths in the repository’s holdings and reassess these existing strengths regularly through multiple lenses. In this study, we examine the suitability of text analysis as a method for analyzing collection scope strengths across a repository’s physical archival holdings. We apply a tool for text analysis called Leximancer to analyze a corpus of archival finding aids to explore topical coverage. Leximancer results were highly aligned with the baseline subject heading analysis that we performed, but the concepts, themes, and co-occurring topic pairs surfaced by Leximancer suggest areas of collection strength and potential focus for new acquisitions. We discuss the potential applications of text analysis for internal library use including collection development, as well as potential implications for wider description, discovery, and access. Text analysis can accurately surface topical strengths and directly lead to insights that can inform future acquisition decisions and archival collection development policies.
Beyond the Bookshelf
Authors: Cleverley Richard
Published: December 2024

This column presents a case study exploring innovative approaches to digital librarianship within a distance learning Higher Education institution based in the UK. Key initiatives included asynchronous information literacy instruction, Python scripts for auditing course materials for broken links and copyright compliance, and management of physical extracts via a digital content store. It examines the challenges of building an online library service, balancing learner-centric practice with efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The study analyses the work done and presents future initiatives, offering insights and sharing practices for solo or small team librarians navigating the evolving landscape of both distance and face-to-face education.
Unlocking Drug Repurposing Clinical Trials: Resources for Investigators
Authors: Peterson Bridget
Published: December 2024

Drug repurposing has recently been recognized for its potential to improve the process of drug development. To facilitate the implementation of drug repurposing in clinical research, resources to support investigators in conducting Phase II repurposing trials are under development, which will be presented as part of a comprehensive platform. Innovative clinical trial designs and mechanism-based network pharmacology are also emphasized.
Intermediarität
Authors: Ebner von Eschenbach Malte
Published: December 2024

In den erwachsenenpädagogischen Fachdiskursen wird der Erwerb von „Demokratiekompetenz“ im Rahmen „zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements“ immer entschiedener gegenüber affirmativen Auffassungen abgegrenzt. Es wird hingegen die Position vertreten, dass „Erwachsenenlernen in der Zivilgesellschaft“ seine motivierende Dynamik und gesellschaftliche Produktivität erst aus dem Eigensinn und aus der selbstbewussten Widerständigkeitsbewegung gegenüber die jeweils relevante Opposition schöpft. Widerständigkeit lässt sich dabei als ein grenzbetonter Kontaktprozess verstehen, der zwischen unterschiedlichen Bedeutungskontexten verläuft. Erst auf der Grundlage von Widerständigkeit konstituiert sich die Beidseitigkeit einer Relation, mit der sich die dualistische Struktur eines Subjekt-Objekt-Verhältnisses aushebeln und zu einer dialogischen Subjekt-Subjekt-Beziehung transformieren lässt. Beidseitige Widerständigkeit beruht somit auf einer Anerkennungsbeziehung, die nicht von inhaltlicher Zustimmung oder personenbezogener Akzeptanz abhängig ist.Hohe Bedeutung erhält in diesem Zusammenhang das Konstrukt des „intermediären Raums“, der sich einerseits horizontal zwischen den differenten Funktionssystemen sowie vertikal zwischen lebensweltlich kontextierten Kommunikationsereignissen und funktional strukturierten Kommunikationssituationen andererseits auftut. Dabei steht weniger der Aspekt des Verstehens oder der Verstehbarkeit der je anderen Seite im Vordergrund, sondern der Kontaktprozess wechselseitiger Bezugnahme. Erst im „Modus von Widerständigkeit“ wird politische Erwachsenenbildung in seiner relationalen Verschränkung mit strukturellen Veränderungsprozessen in ihrer sozialtheoretischen Dimension fassbar. In der vorliegenden Studie von Malte Ebner von Eschenbach wird dies systematisch in demokratietheoretischer Hinsicht an der Bedeutung von Widerständigkeit untersucht und mit einem nicht-affirmativen Verständnis von „Demokratiekompetenz“ verbunden. Dadurch wird kategorial über einen sozialphilosophischen und kulturwissenschaftlichen Zugang ein erziehungswissenschaftlich noch weitgehend unerforschtes Handlungsfeld politischer Bildung zu explorieren versucht.
A Capite Ad Calces
Authors: Clos Alexander
Published: December 2024

Vom Scheitel bis zur Sohle. Eine Übersetzung aller wichtigen anatomischen und histologischen Fachbegriffe.Für Studenten der Human-, Zahn- und Tiermedizin, Sportstudenten, Physiotherapieschüler, Krankenpflegeschüler, sowie für alle andern Anatomieinteressierten.* Ein schnelles Nachschlagewerk für das Anatomie-/Histologielernen und den Präparierkurs* Anschaulich und sicher lernen durch Verstehen der anatomischen Fachbegriffe* insgesamt mehr als 3.500 Einträge* zum Selbststudium sowie für Vorlesung und Kurs
Krebs und chronische Erkrankungen verhüten und heilen – mit ganzheitlichen Methoden und Homöopathie
Authors: Grimm Gertrud
Published: December 2024

Krebsleiden und chronische Erkrankungen sind für zwei Drittel aller Todesfälle verantwortlich. Auch wenn die Anzahl der Todesfälle durch Krebserkrankungen dank moderner Therapien insgesamt leicht rückläufig ist, bleiben chronische Erkrankungen vor allem im höheren Alter bestimmend für Lebensqualität und frühzeitigen Tod.Es ist das Anliegen dieses Buches, Wege aufzuzeigen, vor allem die Krebs- und anderen chronischen Erkrankungen zu verhüten und zu heilen, die Standardtherapien gegenüber unzugänglich sind und den problematischen Weg vom Symptom zur Krankheit durch Unterdrückung zu beschreiben.Verschiedene ganzheitliche Methoden werden vorgestellt, insbesondere die homöopathische Behandlung unter Berücksichtigung der chronischen Miasmen.
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in Business: A Systematic Review on the Threshold of Transformation
Authors: Şahin Osman , Karayel Durmuş
Published: December 2024

This systematic review examines the transformative potential of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) across diverse sectors, including information technology, education, manufacturing, creative industries, healthcare, transportation, management, marketing, finance, energy, law, media, agriculture, and e-commerce. By analyzing its applications, the study highlights how GenAI enhances efficiency, fosters innovation, and addresses sector-specific challenges. Key benefits include the automation of complex processes, optimization of resource use, and acceleration of decision-making. However, delayed adoption risks such as workforce displacement and ethical dilemmas are also discussed. The review identifies critical barriers like data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and regulatory challenges.
Practical strategies for successful GenAI integration are explored, emphasizing infrastructure readiness, workforce upskilling, and ethical governance. This includes leveraging generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Transformer-based models, Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), and diffusion models to adapt to industry-specific demands. Furthermore, the study underscores the necessity of balancing technological advancements with responsible AI deployment to minimize risks and maximize societal benefits.
By synthesizing existing research, this review provides actionable insights for stakeholders aiming to leverage GenAI's transformative capabilities responsibly. It emphasizes the urgency of adopting GenAI technologies to maintain competitiveness and sustainability in rapidly evolving markets. As the study concludes, it advocates for cross-sectoral collaboration to address the complex challenges posed by this paradigm-shifting technology and calls for adaptive policies to align innovation with ethical principles and societal values.
Prueba piloto de las versiones traducidas y culturalmente adaptadas al español colombiano de los cuestionarios KOOS-JR, KOOS-12, HOOS-JR y HOOS-12
Authors: Lugo-Agudelo Luz Helena , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Moore José Luis , Rada Carlos , Spir María Alejandra , Velásquez Juan Carlos , Medina Alejandra , Valderrama-Molina Carlos Oliver
Published: December 2024

Introducción. La evaluación de los síntomas y el impacto de la osteoartritis de rodilla (OAR) y de la osteoartritis de cadera (OAC) en la capacidad funcional y la calidad de vida es prioritaria para determinar la efectividad del tratamiento y mejorar los resultados clínicos.
Objetivos. Describir el proceso de traducción y adaptación cultural al español colombiano de los cuestionarios KOOS-12, KOOS-JR, HOOS-12 y HOOS-JR, presentar los resultados de su aplicación en una prueba piloto realizada para evaluar la comprensión de los ítems, y presentar los resultados obtenidos en estas versiones por pacientes con OAR y OAC en términos de funcionalidad, dolor y calidad de vida.
Metodología. Estudio descriptivo. Primero, se describe el proceso de traducción y adaptación al español colombiano de los cuestionarios KOOS-12, HOOS-12, KOOS-JR, HOOS-JR. Luego, se presentan los resultados de una prueba piloto en la que las versiones en español colombiano de estos cuestionarios fueron aplicadas a 55 pacientes con OAR (n=37) y OAC (n=18). Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (rho) para evaluar las correlaciones entre, por un lado, las puntuaciones obtenidas en estos instrumentos (puntaje global y por dominio) y, por el otro, las puntuaciones obtenidas en la Escala Visual Análoga (EVA) y las dimensiones del cuestionario de salud SF-36.
Resultados. Las puntuaciones globales en el KOOS-12, KOOS-JR, HOOS-12 y HOOS-JR fueron 42,7, 46,5, 39,6, y 38,3, respectivamente; además, en el caso de los cuestionarios KOOS-12 y HOOS-12, la puntación en cada uno de sus dominios (dolor, función en actividades de la vida diaria y calidad de vida) nunca superó los 50 puntos. Respecto a las correlaciones entre las puntuaciones obtenidas en las dimensiones del cuestionario SF36 y los puntajes obtenidos en los cuatro cuestionarios, se observó lo siguiente: fueron muy débiles-débiles con el puntaje total KOOS-12 (rho= 0.2-0.4), a excepción de la dimensión función social (rho= 0.5); muy débiles-débiles con el puntaje KOOS-JR (rho= 0.1-0.4); moderadas-fuertes (rho= 0,5-0,8) con el puntaje total HOOS-12, a excepción de la dimensión vitalidad (rho= 0.3), y muy débiles, débiles, moderadas y fuerte con el puntaje HOOS-JR.
Conclusión. De acuerdo con los resultados de la prueba piloto, es posible afirmar que las versiones traducidas y adaptadas al español colombiano de los cuestionarios KOOS-12, HOOS-12, KOOS-JR, HOOS-JR aquí presentadas podrían usarse para evaluar el impacto de la OAR y de la OAR en el país en términos de dolor, funcionalidad en actividades de la vida diaria y calidad de vida. Sin embargo, se requiere completar su proceso de validación.
Konaklama İşletmelerinde Güncel Teknolojik Uygulamalar
Authors: Doğan Merve
Published: December 2024

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca seyahat ve yer değiştirme faaliyetleri ibadet, ticaret, sağlık gibi çeşitli nedenlerle gerçekleşmiştir. Ancak Sanayi Devrimi her alanda olduğu üzere turizm anlayışında da köklü değişikliklere yol açmış ve turizmin bir endüstri olarak gelişmesine zemin hazırlamıştır.  Ekonomik ve teknolojik gelişmeler, insanların çalışma sürelerini ve boş zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarını değiştirmiştir. Ulaşım olanaklarının da gelişmesiyle seyahatler kolaylaşmıştır. Bu süreçte, teknolojik ilerlemelerle birlikte internet ve iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişimi, turizm endüstrisinde önemli değişimlere neden olmuş; turistlerin ihtiyaç ve beklentilerini şekillendirmiştir. Günümüzde dijitalleşme, internet ve akıllı teknolojilerin etkisiyle turizm süreçleri hızla evrim geçirmektedir; konaklama işletmeleri de bu yeniliklere uyum sağlamak zorundadır. Dijital dönüşüm ve teknolojinin konaklama işletmelerine entegrasyonu, hem arz hem de talep tarafında süreçleri kolaylaştırarak rekabet avantajı sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca müşteri ilişkilerini yönetme, hizmet kalitesini ve işletme verimliliğini artırma konularında işletmelerin elini güçlendirmektedir. Bu bölüm kapsamında ileri teknolojinin ürünleri olan yapay zekâ ve robotlar, bulut bilişim sistemleri, sanal gerçeklik, artırılmış gerçeklik ve karma gerçeklik uygulamaları ele alınmıştır.  Söz konusu uygulamaların konaklama işletmeleri için neden önemli olduklarına ve kullanım alanlarına yer verilmiştir.
The Impact of Inequality of Opportunity on Income Disparity: A Case of Pakistan
Authors:   University of Lahore, Pakistan, Rehman Naeem Ur , Hashmat Afsheen ,   -, Kanwal Rimsha ,   -
Published: December 2024

This study is deliberated to explore the effect of Role of inequality of opportunity in the determination of income disparity in Pakistan. The data set from 1990 to 2020 has been taken for this study from World Bank. To check the short run and long run relationship among inequalities of opportunity in the determination of income disparity employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing used. The ARDL co-integration results indicate that there is a negative relationship of health and education inequality on income inequality in short run, while all other variables like gross domestic product (GDP) foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic investment (DI) are also negatively linked with income inequality. In long run, only education inequality, health inequality and domestic investment (DI) are negatively related with income inequality. And all other variables gross domestic product (GDP) and foreign direct investment (FDI) are positively connected with income inequality. Government should implement a progressive tax system where higher-income individuals and corporations are taxed at a higher rate. Investing in education and skills training programs enables individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for higher-paying jobs. Governments can enhance access to quality education, vocational training, and scholarships to promote social mobility and reduce income inequality. Overall, the study highlights the importance of addressing inequality of opportunity in order to reduce income disparity in Pakistan. By implementing targeted policies and investing in education and skills development, governments can work towards creating a more equitable society with reduced income inequality.
Pakistan's Strategic Imperatives and Maritime Security Challenges in the Indian Ocean
Authors:   University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Farooq Irfan , Qazi Dr. Muhammad Shareh ,   University of the Punjab, Lahore
Published: December 2024

Sea Lines of Communications, or SLOCs, have become an epicenter of strategic dispositions and partnerships in Southeast Asia. This research focuses on superpower influence in the region and how it ranges from securing islands within the Indian and Pacific Oceans to securitizing nontraditional elements of national power such as semiconductors and political alignments. This research also measures the impact of these measures and how they have indicated a change in basic assumptions in littoral states in the region like Pakistan, India, and China. The research analyses the strategies of these states towards their maritime relevance and interests in the region. Economic posturing and military modernization drive are supplemented by strategies specifically designed to address maritime vulnerabilities and opportunities in SLOCs. India’s Security and Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR) strategy, coupled with its naval deployments in the islands of the Indian Ocean, is one example. China-Pakistan-India submarine modernization initiatives and Indo-US Quadrilateral Security Commitments are some of the key elements this research scrutinizes. The research suggests that due to new strategies and the role of extra-regional players, Pakistan’s position in the region requires a deeper and thorough reassessment of its naval strategies beyond the traditional lens. It also recommends seeking a bigger, more pronounced role in SLOC politics of the Indian Ocean and even considering developing contingencies to prevent a spillover of strategic competition from the Pacific Ocean contenders.
Progress and Challenges to the Global Peace: An Evaluation of the United Nations Security Council
Authors:   University of Lahore, Akhtar Dr. Shahzad
Published: December 2024

In 1945, the international community, led by powerful nations at that time, committed to creating a world organization known as the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). The primary goal was to prevent another world war and safeguard humanity from catastrophic destruction. However, the Council has not fully met expectations in maintaining world peace and resolving international disputes. This dismal performance is largely due to limitations in the Council's composition including lacking diverse international representation and granting veto power exclusively to the most powerful states which have been driven largely by their self-interests. Reforming the UNSC is crucial for achieving the vision of international peace by enhancing its democratic nature and eliminating these shortcomings.
European Union’s role as a Global Actor: Shifting focus from Regionalism to International Politics
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Department of History, University of Karachi, Khan Munazza
Published: December 2024

The emergence of European Union in global politics, addressing pressing issues throughout the world while also championing causes like social justice, individual liberties, and the rule of law. This paper analyses how the European Union’s foreign policy stance affects international relations. Discussions focus on the EEAS and the potential for EU peace missions to grow. The research paper aims to highlight the efforts of EU to protect the peace and stresses the EU's unyielding dedication to preserving calm, preventing conflict, and responding to disasters. This article examines the European Union’s Common Security and Defense Policy in great detail, including the many missions and initiatives the EU has taken to show its proactive engagement in international problems. In this article, we take a look at the European Union's (EU) efforts to improve international norms and safeguard human rights via programs including humanitarian assistance, diplomatic initiatives, and the Common Foreign and Security Policy. The European Union's (EU) dedication to promoting and protecting human rights internationally has been proved via its funding of considerable humanitarian aid, participation in United Nations (UN) programs, and punishment of human rights abusers. It is also notable that EU’s involvement with countries in the Pacific, Africa, and the Caribbean are based on EU's dedication to trade-based development in those regions. The paper also analyses European Union (EU) foreign policy, contrasting the EU's normative stance with the realism paradigm supported by the United States government. It looks at the European Union's role as a regional power on the global arena and how it may work with the United States and other big states to accomplish its own foreign policy goals. Using the European Union's (EU) engagement in the Israel-Palestine conflict as a case study, this paper aims to show how the EU handles complex geopolitical difficulties while remaining true to its core values and promoting the idea of two nations. In the end, the European Union is engaged in a wide variety of global political endeavors, such as peacekeeping, humanitarian aid, and the promotion of progressive principles. Its standing in the international world has improved thanks to its work in international organizations and efforts to address global problems.
Hubungan antara Pola Makan dengan Kadar Asam Urat pada Lansia di Posyandu Lansia Srikandi Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang
Authors: Gresela Rambu Kaleka Mali Aquina , Erni Yohani Mahtuti  , Faisal Faisal  , Evi Dwi Prastiwi
Published: December 2024

Gout, commonly known as Gout Arthritis, is a disease characterized by sudden, recurrent and painful attacks. Broadly speaking, purines are obtained from food, if the diet is not changed, excessive levels of uric acid in the blood will cause uric acid crystals to accumulate, if crystals form in the joint fluid, there will be a severe and sudden pain attack. This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and uric acid levels in the elderly at the Srikandi Elderly Posyandu, Lowokwaru District, Malang City. This type of research is qualitative using a cross sectional research design. The population was all elderly people aged 40-50 years, 51-60 years, 61-75 years, and 91 years at the Srikandi Elderly Posyandu, Lowokwaru District, Malang City, totaling 50 respondents. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample of 35 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires and capillary blood sampling in the elderly. Tested using spearman rank analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship between diet and uric acid levels in the elderly (p-Value = 0.114). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between diet and uric acid levels in the elderly at the Srikandi Elderly Posyandu, Lowokwaru District, Malang City. It is recommended to the community in the work environment of the Srikandi Elderly Posyandu, Lowokwaru District, Malang City to maintain a good diet so that uric acid levels remain normal.