bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Therapeutic Targeting of Mesothelin with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Le Quy , Castro Sommer , Tang Thao , Loeb Anisha M. , Hylkema Tiffany , McKay Cyd Nourigat , Perkins LaKeisha , Srivastava Shivani , Call Lindsey , Smith Jenny , Leonti Amanda , Ries Rhonda , Pardo Laura , Loken Michael R. , Correnti Colin , Fiorenza Salvatore , Turtle Cameron J. , Riddell Stanley , Tarlock Katherine , Meshinchi Soheil
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurpose:
We previously identified mesothelin (MSLN) as highly expressed in a significant fraction of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but entirely silent in normal hematopoiesis, providing a promising antigen for immunotherapeutic targeting that avoids hematopoietic toxicity. Given that T cells genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are effective at eradicating relapsed/refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia, we developed MSLN-directed CAR T cells for preclinical evaluation in AML.
Experimental Design:
The variable light (VL) and heavy (VH) sequences from the MSLN-targeting SS1P immunotoxin were used to construct the single-chain variable fragment of the standard CAR containing 41-BB costimulatory and CD3Zeta stimulatory domains. The preclinical efficacy of MSLN CAR T cells was evaluated against AML cell lines and patient samples expressing various levels of MSLN in vitro and in vivo.
Results:
We demonstrate that MSLN is expressed on the cell surface of AML blasts and leukemic stem cell–enriched CD34+CD38− subset, but not on normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). We further establish that MSLN CAR T cells are highly effective in eliminating MSLN-positive AML cells in cell line– and patient-derived xenograft models. Importantly, MSLN CAR T cells can target and eradicate CD34+CD38− cells without impacting the viability of normal HSPCs. Finally, we show that CAR T-cell functionality can be improved by inhibition of the ADAM17 metalloprotease that promotes shedding of MSLN.
Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that MSLN is a viable target for CAR T-cell therapy in AML and that inhibiting MSLN shedding is a promising approach to improve CAR T-cell efficacy.
Data from Biomarker Analysis of the Phase III NALA Study of Neratinib + Capecitabine versus Lapatinib + Capecitabine in Patients with Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Saura Cristina , Matito Judit , Oliveira Mafalda , Wildiers Hans , Brufksy Adam M. , Waters Simon H. , Hurvitz Sara A. , Moy Beverly , Kim Sung-Bae , Gradishar William J. , Queiroz Geraldo Silva , Cronemberger Eduardo , Wallweber Gerald J. , Bebchuk Judith , Keyvanjah Kiana , Lalani Alshad S. , Bryce Richard , Vivancos Ana , Eli Lisa D. , Delaloge Suzette
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Neratinib plus capecitabine (N+C) demonstrated significant progression-free survival (PFS) benefit in NALA (NCT01808573), a randomized phase III trial comparing N+C with lapatinib + capecitabine (L+C) in 621 patients with HER2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who had received ≥2 prior HER2-directed regimens in the metastatic setting. We evaluated correlations between exploratory biomarkers and PFS.
Patients and Methods:
Somatic mutations were evaluated by next-generation sequencing on primary or metastatic samples. HER2 protein expression was evaluated by central IHC, H-score, and VeraTag/HERmark. p95 expression (truncated HER2) was measured by VeraTag. HRs were estimated using unstratified Cox proportional hazards models.
Results:
Four hundred and twenty samples had successful sequencing: 34.0% had PIK3CA mutations and 5.5% had HER2 (ERBB2) mutations. In the combined patient populations, PIK3CA mutations trended toward shorter PFS [wild-type vs. mutant, HR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64–1.03], whereas HER2 mutations trended toward longer PFS [HR = 1.69 (95% CI, 0.97–3.29)]. Higher HER2 protein expression was associated with longer PFS [IHC 3+ vs. 2+, HR = 0.67 (0.54–0.82); H-score ≥240 versus <240, HR = 0.77 (0.63–0.93); HERmark positive vs. negative, HR = 0.76 (0.59–0.98)]. Patients whose tumors had higher HER2 protein expression (any method) derived an increased benefit from N+C compared with L+C [IHC 3+, HR = 0.64 (0.51–0.81); H-score ≥ 240, HR = 0.54 (0.41–0.72); HERmark positive, HR = 0.65 (0.50–0.84)], as did patients with high p95 [p95 ≥2.8 relative fluorescence (RF)/mm2, HR = 0.66 (0.50–0.86) vs. p95 < 2.8 RF/mm2, HR = 0.91 (0.61–1.36)].
Conclusions:
PIK3CA mutations were associated with shorter PFS whereas higher HER2 expression was associated with longer PFS. Higher HER2 protein expression was also associated with a greater benefit for N+C compared with L+C.
Data from NAD+ Metabolic Enzyme Inhibitor as Radiosensitizer for Malignant Meningioma and its Modulation of P53 Expression
Authors: Lv Yifan , Deng Yuxuan , Feng Jie , Liu Jinqiu , Yang Mingxu , Pu Zhuonan , Zhang Shaodong , Wu Zhen , Ji Nan , Park Deric M. , Hao Huyu
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Surgical resection followed by radiotherapy (RT) is recommended for malignant meningioma, but poor outcome is unavoidable. To improve the efficacy of RT in malignant meningioma, a targeted radiosensitizer can be added. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), highly expressed in high-grade meningiomas, may play a role in determining the radioresponse. Herein, we evaluated the impact of NAMPT inhibition on radiosensitivity in malignant meningioma in vivo and in vitro. IOMM-Lee and TTMM705 cells were treated with NAMPT inhibition (FK866 or shRNA NAMPT) before irradiation. The subsequent clonogenic assay demonstrated significantly increased radiosensitivity. Combination treatment with FK866 and irradiation significantly increased the number of G2/M-phase cells, percentage of apoptotic cells, and γ-H2A.X level compared with FK866 or RT alone. We examined the effect of NAMPT inhibition on NMI and p53 expression in IOMM-Lee and TTMM705 cells. NAMPT inhibition by FK866 and shRNA treatment increased NMI, p53, CDKN1A and BAX expression. Additionally, we assessed the efficacy of FK866/RT combination treatment in vivo. The combination treatment exhibited increased antitumor efficacy compared with either treatment alone. The Ki67 level was significantly lower, and the p53 and γ-H2A.X levels were significantly higher in the combination treatment group than in the other three groups. In conclusion, these results indicate that FK866 improves radiosensitivity in malignant meningioma, an effect that may be attributed to the increase in p53 expression.
Table 6 from Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Multivariable-adjusted analyses of sex-specific quartiles of R-SOD activities and cancer risk, after excluding the events within 5 years from the baseline survey
Table 3 from Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Univariate and age- and sex-adjusted analyses of potential risk factors for the development of cancer
Two Macular Holes due to Choroidal Neovascularization after Pars Plana Vitrectomy with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling
Authors: Fang Yuxin , Zhang Xifang , Mao Yu , Jin Zi-Bing , Qi Yue
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The aim of the study was to present a case of two macular holes (MHs) with myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) lesion. Case Presentation: A single case was evaluated. A 72-year-old woman presented with two small MHs in her left eye. One year ago, she had undergone vitrectomy for myopic foveal schisis, and a significant reduction of the schisis and a CNV lesion was observed after surgery. On examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed the atrophic CNV and two MHs were located upper and lower close to the edge of the CNV. A pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with two free ILM (internal limiting membrane) flaps implant was performed in her left eye. At 3 months after surgery, the two MHs were both closed and the best-corrected visual acuity was improved. Conclusions: Two MHs secondary to the regression of CNV after primary PPV combined with complete ILM peeling in eyes with macular schisis.
A Case of IgG4-Related Disease Manifesting as Extensive Abdominal Periarteritis and Membranous Nephropathy, Successfully Controlled with Low-Dose Steroid Therapy without Relapse or Complications
Authors: Matsumoto Minami , Yamamoto Shinya , Yokoi Hideki , Koyasu Sho , Hara Shigeo , Tsuji Takahiro , Sachiko Minamiguchi , Yanagita Motoko
Published: November 2024

Introduction: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disease that can affect nearly every organ system, including blood vessels and the kidney. IgG4-related vascular lesions mainly involve the aorta, and the dominant renal manifestation is tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). Here, we report a case of IgG4-RD demonstrating extensive abdominal periarteritis and membranous nephropathy (MN). Case Presentation: The patient was a 71-year-old man with peptic ulcer who developed nephrotic syndrome, with a low serum albumin level (1.8 g/dL), massive urinary protein (6.1 g/day), and high serum IgG4 level (435 mg/dL). Computed tomography images revealed soft tissue mass around the medium-sized abdominal arteries. Renal pathological findings showed MN and focal infiltration of numerous IgG4-positive cells in the interstitium. The findings of high serum IgG4 levels, periarteritis, and focal inflammation with rich IgG4-positive plasma cells led to the diagnosis of IgG4-RD. We chose low-dose steroid therapy to prevent the recurrence of the peptic ulcer and aneurysm formation in the affected arteries, which can occur with medium to high doses of prednisolone. We successfully controlled IgG4-related periarteritis and kidney disease without relapse or complications. Conclusion: The varied clinical manifestations of IgG4-RD sometimes make the diagnosis challenging. However, clinicians should diagnose IgG4-RD based on serological, radiological, and pathological evaluations because, without appropriate therapy, IgG4-RD can lead to irreversible organ failure caused by swelling, obstruction, or fibrosis of the organs.
A incomensurabilidade do horror: classificação e distinção nas experiências de desterro e exílio
Authors: Facundo Navia Angela
Published: November 2024

Com base em diferentes cenários etnográficos e políticos vinculados ao conflito colombiano, especificamente ao deslocamento forçado e ao exílio por ele provocados, o texto se propõe a analisar as classificações e distinções das experiências de sofrimento num cenário de terror. Argumenta que as demandas formuladas pelas vítimas para a distinção das experiências de sofrimento se inscrevem em terrenos fronteiriços ou superpostos, mas não completamente coincidentes com os dos programas estatais que classificam e administram os deslocamentos. Para tanto o artigo propõe observar as relações entre pessoas desterradas e as manifestações cotidianas do estado, nas suas qualidades mágicas e fantasmagóricas, para analisar como elas atingem a possibilidade de reconstrução de um senso de lar no exílio.
O quarto ao lado: terror, intimidade e processos de Estado em meio a um conflito agrário.
Authors: Efrem Filho Roberto
Published: November 2024

In this paper, I turn to an agrarian conflict in which an episode of sexual violence happened. Thus, I pursue the State processes and the intimate relationships in which terror is articulated in the conflict course. In close dialogue with Michael Taussig and Veena Das's arguments, I discuss: a) the terror incommensurability produced in the midst of police and judicial practices; and b) the silence that allows life to go on after the traumatic event. To do so, I make use of notes and memories of what I experienced during the two years of monitoring the case, of an in-depth interview with a squatter community leader and of the analysis of the court records about the agrarian conflict and the sexual violence episode.
Preventing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant–Related Cardiovascular Dysfunction: ALLO-Active Trial
Authors: Dillon Hayley T. , Saner Nicholas J. , Ilsley Tegan , Kliman David S. , Foulkes Stephen J. , Brakenridge Christian J. , Spencer Andrew , Avery Sharon , Claus Piet , Dunstan David W. , Daly Robin M. , Fraser Steve F. , Owen Neville , Lynch Brigid M. , Kingwell Bronwyn A. , La Gerche Andre , Howden Erin J.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is an efficacious treatment for hematologic malignancies but can be complicated by cardiac dysfunction and exercise intolerance impacting quality of life and longevity. We conducted a randomized controlled trial testing whether a multicomponent activity intervention could attenuate reductions in cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise cardiac function (co-primary end points) in adults undergoing allo-SCT.

METHODS:

Sixty-two adults scheduled for allo-SCT were randomized to a 4-month activity program (activity; n=30) or usual care (UC; n=32). Activity comprised a multicomponent exercise training (3 days.week
-1
) and sedentary time reduction (≥30 minutes.day
-1
) program and was delivered throughout hospitalization (≈4 weeks) and for 12 weeks after discharge. Physiological assessments conducted before admission and at 12 weeks after discharge included cardiopulmonary exercise testing to quantify peak oxygen uptake (

V
˙

o

2
p
e
a
k

), exercise cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for peak cardiac (CI
peak
) and stroke volume (SVI
peak
) index, echocardiography-derived left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain, and cardiac biomarkers (cTn-I [troponin-I] and BNP [B-type natriuretic peptide]).

RESULTS:

Fifty-two participants (84%) completed follow-up (25 activity and 27 UC); median (interquartile range [IQR]) adherence to the activity program was 74% (41%–96%). There was a marked decline in

V
˙

o

2
p
e
a
k

in the UC program (−3.4 mL‧kg
-1
‧min
-1
[95% CI, −4.9 to −1.8]) that was attenuated with activity (−0.9 mL‧kg
-1‧
min
-1
[95% CI, −2.5 to 0.8]; interaction
P
=0.029). Activity preserved exercise cardiac function, with preservation of CI
peak
(0.30 L‧min
-1
‧m
-2
[95% CI, −0.34 to 0.41]) and SVI
peak
(0.6 mL.m
-2
[95% CI, −1.3 to 2.5]), both of which declined with UC (CI
peak
, −0.68 L‧min
-1
‧m
-2
[95% CI, –1.3 to −0.32]; interaction
P
=0.008; SVI
peak
, −2.7 mL.m
-2
[95% CI, −4.6 to −0.9]; interaction
P=
0.014). There were no treatment effects of activity on cardiac biomarkers or echocardiographic indices.

CONCLUSIONS:

Intervening during and after allo-SCT with a multicomponent activity program during and after allo-SCT is beneficial for preserving a patient’s cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise cardiac function. These results may have important implications for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after allo-SCT.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://anzctr.org.au/
; Unique identifier: ACTRN12619000741189.
Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients With Severe Low‐Flow, Low‐Gradient Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Bellino Michele , Ferruzzi Germano Junior , Giordano Arturo , Attisano Tiziana , Maiellaro Francesco , Citro Rodolfo , Baldi Cesare , Corcione Nicola , Morello Alberto , Granata Giovanni , Turino Sara , Di Maio Marco , Silverio Angelo , Galasso Gennaro
Published: November 2024

Background

Whether the presence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction may influence the clinical outcome of patients with low‐flow, low‐gradient aortic stenosis (LFLG‐AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not yet been established.

Methods and Results

This study included consecutive patients with LFLG‐AS undergoing TAVR at 2 high‐volume Italian centers. RV dysfunction before TAVR procedure was defined as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion assessed by transthoracic echocardiography lower than <17 mm. The primary outcome was all‐cause death at 1 year. The propensity score weighting technique was implemented to account for potential selection bias between patients with and without RV dysfunction. A prespecified subgroup analysis was conducted to evaluate the consistency of the results in patients with classical and paradoxical LFLG‐AS forms. This study included 392 patients; of them, 97 (24.7%) patients showed RV dysfunction before TAVR. At propensity score–weighted adjusted Cox regression analysis, RV dysfunction, according to dichotomous definition, was associated with an increased risk for the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.11 [95% CI, 1.58–6.13]), cardiovascular death (adjusted HR, 3.26 [95% CI, 1.58–6.72]), and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (adjusted HR, 3.39 [95% CI, 1.76–6.53]). Conversely, no difference was detected for the risk of stroke and of permanent pacemaker implantation. No significant interaction of the classical and paradoxical LFLG‐AS subgroups was detected for all the outcomes of interest.

Conclusions

This study suggests that RV dysfunction echocardiographically assessed by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion may improve the prognostic stratification of patients with LFLG‐AS undergoing TAVR.
Tracking of Vascular Measures From Infancy to Early Childhood: A Cohort Study
Authors: Mansell Toby , Nuotio Joel , Vuillermin Peter , Ponsonby Anne‐Louise , Lawlor Deborah A. , McCloskey Kate , Juonala Markus , Burgner David P. ,   the Barwon Infant Study Investigator Group
Published: November 2024

Background

Atherosclerosis develops across the life course, and variation in aortic intima‐media thickness (IMT) is evident from infancy onward, although most early‐life data are cross‐sectional. We investigated whether abdominal aortic IMT at age 6 weeks is associated with vascular measures at 4 years and the relationship of prenatal and perinatal exposures with these measures in early childhood.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data from 518 participants with 6‐week and 4‐year vascular measures from the Barwon Infant Study. Aortic IMT was measured at 6 weeks (mean, 6.1±SD 1.5 weeks) and aortic and carotid IMT, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity, and blood pressure at 4 years of age (4.3±0.3 years). Associations of early‐life exposures—maternal enteric microbiome, smoking and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol during pregnancy, birth weight, and gestational age—were also investigated. In the primary model, 6‐week aortic IMT (649±66 μm) was associated with small differences in 4‐year carotid IMT (453±45 μm) (mean difference in carotid IMT per 100 μm higher 6‐week aortic IMT=7.0 μm [95% CI, 0.7–13.3];
P
=0.03), with no evidence for associations with 4‐year aortic IMT, pulse wave velocity, or blood pressure. Higher birth weight was associated with greater 4‐year aortic IMT, and maternal smoking with higher systolic blood pressure.

Conclusions

Vascular measures do not show strong evidence of tracking between infancy and early childhood. Longitudinal studies with repeated assessment beyond age 4 years would inform optimal timing of early prevention and targets for primordial prevention.
Amphisphaeria hongheensis sp. nov. (Amphisphaeriaceae, Amphisphaeriales) from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: LIU RUI-MENG , WANG HAO-HAN , ZHANG GUI-QING , DAI DONG-QIN , ELGORBAN ABDALLAH M. , KARUNARATHNA SAMANTHA C. , TIBPROMMA SAOWALUCK
Published: November 2024

Yunnan Province encompasses the highest fungal diversity in China, and novel fungal species are regularly introduced. Several saprobic fungi were collected during surveys of fungi associated with woody plants in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. The fungi samples were initially identified as Amphisphaeria. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis based on combined datasets of LSU, ITS, rpb2, and tub2 regions and morphological characteristics confirmed that the samples represent a previously unidentified fungus belonging to Amphisphaeria, which is named A. hongheensis sp. nov. This paper provides a full description, illustrations, and a phylogenetic tree showing the new species' taxonomic placement.
Contributing to the understanding of Angiopolybia Araujo, 1946 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae): a new species, and descriptions of the nest of A. obidensis and male of A. zischkai
Authors: BARROSO PAULO CÉZAR SALGADO , SOMAVILLA ALEXANDRE , BROAD GAVIN R. , MENEZES RODOLPHO SANTOS TELLES , OLIVEIRA MARCIO LUIZ DE
Published: November 2024

Despite being a small genus, much remains unknown about the Neotropical social wasp genus Angiopolybia Araujo, 1946 (Polistinae: Epiponini). Here we describe the new species A. obscuriorina Barroso, sp. nov., the nest of A. obidensis (Ducke, 1904) and a hitherto unknown male of A. zischkai Richards, 1978.
A new species of Eudemopsis Falkovitsh (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Olethreutini) from Thailand and Laos, with the proposed synonymy of Fansipaniana Razowski
Authors: PINKAEW NANTASAK , MUADSUB SOPITA , JAIKLA SORAYA
Published: November 2024

The genus Eudemopsis Falkovitsh is recorded from Laos for the first time as the new species Eudemopsis squamapanna Pinkaew & Muadsub sp. nov. Illustrations of adults and their genitalia are provided. In addition, Fansipaniana Razowski, 2009, is synonymized with Eudemopsis, resulting in two new combinations: E. fansipana (Razowski), comb.nov. and E. tamdaoensis (Heppner & Bae), comb. nov. The addition of these three species increases the number of described Eudemopsis to 15.
2. Terminology, Categories, and Complicating Factors
Authors: Lierman Ash
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the categories of neurodiversity and invisible disability discussed in this book, and the terms used in this discussion. Although “neurodivergent” and “invisible disabilities” are imprecise and sometimes inconsistently applied labels, here they are used primarily to encompass six main categories of difference: dyslexia (and related conditions); the autism spectrum; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); psychiatric disabilities; traumatic brain injuries (TBI); and disabling chronic physical illnesses. The definitions here in use for each of these categories are described in this chapter, as well as the rationale behind their inclusion and how they have been delineated, along with other choices of terminology that will be in use throughout this book.
4. Curriculum and Classroom
Authors: Lierman Ash
Published: November 2024

This chapter focuses on students’ experiences with various aspects of teaching and learning. Particular attention is paid to the attitudes and behavior of faculty, the academic strengths and weaknesses that invisibly disabled and neurodivergent students most commonly report, and elements of course design that students experience as supports or barriers.
From Folklore to Intangible Cultural Heritage
Authors: Bychak Kaciaryna
Published: November 2024

From Folklore to Intangible Cultural Heritage
This article is a review of the study entitled Ritualising Cultural Heritage and Re-enchanting Rituals in Europe, authored by Alessandro Testa (Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 2023, pp. 253).
 
Od folkloru do niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego
Recenzja monografii naukowej Ritualising Cultural Heritage and Re-enchanting Rituals in Europe, autorstwa Alessandra Testy (Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 2023, 253 ss.).
On the Attainments of the van Trees and the Borovkov–Sakhanenko Bounds for the Escort Distribution
Authors: Banno Soshi , Koike Ken-ichi
Published: November 2024

Some necessary and sufficient conditions for attaining equality for Bayesian information inequalities such as the van Trees and the Borovkov–Sakhanenko inequalities regard to the order of the escort distribution when the probability distribution of the data is modelled using an escort distribution, which is a generalized probability distribution constructed from an exponential family, and the prior distribution is either conjugate or Jeffreys, and the parameter of interest is a function of the order of the escort distribution. Examples of normal variance and logit models are also considered.
Safety of Beta-Blocker Administration in STEMI Patients With Risk Factors for Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Castoro Nicole , Woodruff Ashley E. , Lacoursiere Lauren , Mills Kevin , Chilbert Maya R.
Published: November 2024

Beta-blockers are recommended in the first 24 hours after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) except in those at risk of cardiogenic shock. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess if early beta-blocker use was associated with cardiogenic shock development in STEMI patients. Cardiogenic shock was assessed in adult patients with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with guideline defined risk factors for shock (age above 70 years, systolic blood pressure below 120 mmHg, and heart rate above 120 bpm or below 60 bpm) who did or did not receive a beta-blocker within 24 hours of PCI. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between cardiogenic shock development and early beta-blocker administration. A total of 216 patients were included, 85 with early beta-blocker administration and 131 without. Patients who received an early beta-blocker versus those who did not had a median (interquartile range) age of 63 (52-71) versus 66 (54-76; P = .2260) and peak troponin of 58.3 (15.0-132.4) ng/mL versus 51.6 (16.6-139.5; P = .9884). Cardiogenic shock occurred in 4.7% (n = 4) patients with early beta-blocker use versus 12.2% (n = 16; P = .0909) without. After backward stepwise logistic regression, early beta-blocker use was not associated with cardiogenic shock (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] 0.334, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.106-1.047; P = .0599), but those with a peak troponin over 56 ng/mL had an over three-fold increased risk of developing cardiogenic shock (aOR 3.434, 95% CI 1.191-9.902; P = .0224) regardless of beta blocker administration. Early beta-blocker administration in STEMI patients may not be associated with shock development.
“Airbnb Be Like…”: Examining the Impact of Memetic Doppelgängers on Meme Virality and Brand Image
Authors: Kolar Tomaž , Gidaković Petar , Culiberg Barbara
Published: November 2024

This article examines how internet memes, a distinctive type of user-generated content, have served as a vehicle for the co-destruction of the Airbnb brand. For this purpose, we discuss the relevance of internet memes alongside the doppelgänger brand image concept, which explains the logic behind disparaging brand imagery that circulates within internet culture. A comprehensive research model is developed that links several meme- and user-related characteristics with both meme virality and the brand image of Airbnb. The proposed multilevel model is tested using a split-sample approach on a dataset that includes 121 Airbnb-related memes evaluated by 3,664 participants. The results reveal that the virality of disparaging memes is mainly driven by humor, unambiguity, pictorial format, inoffensive content, and “active” user status. The perceived brand image is, however, mainly affected by the valence (negativity) of the memes, while the meme content and user status are also important.
Sulfate attack resistance of hybrid fiber reinforced rubber concrete
Authors: Liu Yushan , Pang Jianyong
Published: November 2024

To increase the strength and applicability of rubber concrete, an eco-friendly concrete called hybrid fiber-reinforced rubber concrete (HFRRC) was produced by utilization of recycled tire rubber particles, basalt fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers. This study investigates the sulfate attack resistance of HFRRC and normal concrete (NC). The mass variation, ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive strength, failure mode, and microstructure of concrete specimens were investigated. The results showed that the corrosion resistance coefficient of HFRRC was higher than that of NC throughout the age of erosion. Further, HFRRC exhibited better integrity than NC when specimens were subjected to compression test failure. The findings can provide a useful reference for the application of hybrid-fiber reinforced rubber concrete suffered from sulfate attack.
Characterization of beta flecks and local solute segregation in Ti-17 alloy ingots produced by vacuum arc remelting
Authors: Yin Xuchen , Liu Jianrong , Wang Qingjiang , Li Wenyuan , Deng Hao , Wang Zhoutian , Luo Hengjun , Li Wenhui
Published: November 2024

As a melt defect, beta flecks (β-flecks) may exist in many metastable β and α + β titanium alloys. In this work, the main characteristics of β-flecks, including detectability, macroscopic morphology, microstructural characteristics, and chemical composition, were investigated in an industrial-scale Ti-17 ingot produced by the vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process. The results show that β-flecks can be identified as dark areas in the ingot head through a specific heat treatment. Enrichment of Cr and Zr, along with deficiency of Mo, is found in the β-flecks, resulting in a lowered β transformation temperature (Tβ) and increased β phase stability in local areas. When soaked at temperatures from 45 to 15°C below Tβ, β-flecks can be distinctly visualized by adjusting the volume of α phase. Additionally, β-flecks exhibit continuous fluctuations in both chemical composition and microstructure, closely related to the size of the β-flecks. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that β-flecks may originate from residual segregated liquid during the final stage of solidification processes, forming as local defects in the final solidified microstructure. Analytical and numerical modeling provide insights into how solute elements segregate and evolve into β-fleck defects.
Surgery for a giant atherosclerotic left main trifurcation saccular coronary artery aneurysm
Authors: Saricaoglu Mehmet Cahit , Corbacioglu Yusuf , Boga Salih Anil , Deniz Serenay , Dincer Irem , Akar Ahmet Ruchan
Published: November 2024

Aneurysms of the left main coronary artery are rare clinical entities with an incidence of 0.1%. We herein report a case of left main trifurcation aneurysm in a 57-year-old woman whose coronary angiography demonstrated a giant saccular aneurysm of trifurcation of the left main coronary artery, measuring 32 × 21 mm with tight post-aneurysmal stenosis in the intermediate artery. The patient underwent coronary artery bypass grafting following the resection of CAA and reconstruction with saphenous vein roof-plasty, which ensured the preservation of the native coronary vasculature. At the 6-month follow-up, she remained asymptomatic and preserved preoperative left ventricular function.
Prediction and optimisation of solidification structure growth and transformation behaviour in microalloy chamfered continuous casting slab
Authors: Sheng Yuewei , Meng Xiangning
Published: November 2024

The solidification structure of complex chamfered slabs of microalloyed steel was analysed and controlled. A computational model of solidified structures was applied and the model was verified. The research results show that there are differences in the solidification structure inside the slab. The slab successively produces fine-grained areas, large-size columnar grain areas, CET (columnar to equiaxed grain transition), and equiaxed grain areas. The effects of different carbon contents on the solidification structure were analysed. As the c content decreases from 0.23% to 0.20%, the tip growth fitting coefficient a3 increases from 4.077172e-06 to 5.403274e-06, which increases the grain growth rate. Considering the different sensitivities of grain growth in the lateral direction, a lateral zoning water supply strategy is used to flexibly control the uniformity of grain growth. By simulating different water flow ratios in the corners and centre areas, the optimal nozzle water flow density ratio is 0.840. Superheat can effectively control grain distribution. The proportion of central equiaxed grains increases with decreasing superheat. The study found that the proportion of equiaxed grains has different sensitivities affected by different degrees of superheat. The superheat degree ranges of strong sensitivity and weak sensitivity were obtained. In the production practice of superheat adjustment to control particle distribution, the adjustment effect is better within the strong sensitivity range.
Private social media usage of employees: Implications for corporate risk management to protect corporate reputation
Authors: Brunner-Sperdin Alexandra , Situm Mario
Published: November 2024

In an increasingly complex business environment, risk management has become essential for corporate survival. Given the rapidly changing environmental conditions and trends, new risks are constantly emerging and need to be assessed and managed. The influence of risks extends beyond the corporate sphere, for example, with the private use of social media by employees and the resulting potential damage to the company’s reputation. According to the literature, there is little to no knowledge on this topic. Therefore, in this study, 20 experts at different positions in their companies were interviewed about the significance, handling, mapping, consideration, and measurement of potential reputational risks associated with the private use of social media by employees. The results show that there is a certain awareness of the problem, but only a few mechanisms have been implemented to manage such risks. Based on the findings, risk management measures are identified by examining the employees’ journey, which can be used in operational practice to reduce the risk of potential reputational damage.
Does Civil Forfeiture Fight Crime? Evidence From New Mexico
Authors: McDonald Jennifer , Weeks Harrison , Carpenter Dick M.
Published: November 2024

This study examined civil forfeiture's impact on crime rates. Proponents of civil forfeiture, which allows law enforcement to take and permanently keep property without a criminal conviction, claim it is an essential crime-fighting tool, particularly in the War on Drugs. Critics challenge the crime-fighting efficacy of civil forfeiture while warning the policy violates individual liberties. Previous research has associated increases in civil forfeiture with higher rates of drug arrests, but to date, few studies have examined the impact of a major civil forfeiture reform. Using a 9-year panel of monthly crime rates, this study measured the impact on crime of legislation that eliminated civil forfeiture in New Mexico. This study did not find sufficient evidence to conclude civil forfeiture effectively fights crime. Specifically, when New Mexico eliminated the policy, crime rates did not worsen compared to control states. These findings hold important implications informing the policy debate surrounding civil forfeiture.
Inhibitory effect of RGD peptide hydrogel on inflammation and angiogenesis in vitro
Authors: Chen Binlin , Liang Licheng , Jia Dadong , Qin Mian , He Liye , Liu Shuai , Lv Yao , Jiang Ruping , Liang Liang
Published: November 2024

Inflammatory reaction and neovascularization are crucial physiological processes that occur during postoperative wound healing. However, excessive inflammatory response and uncontrolled angiogenesis lead to scar formation, which severely limits the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. Peptide hydrogels were well-established to possess good biocompatibility, inherent biodegradability, extracellular matrix analog property, and high drug loading efficiency. Herein, we examined the potential of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide hydrogel to inhibit inflammation and angiogenesis in vitro experiments. RGD peptide hydrogel exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the inflammatory response by ELISA and western blot and considerable prohibitive effects on neovascularization via inhibiting the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. In this study, we found a novel biomaterial, RGD peptide hydrogel, which has a certain anti-cell proliferation and anti-scarring effect in vitro experiments.
Different patterns of longitudinal changes in antinuclear antibodies titers in children with systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Morán Álvarez Patricia , Bracaglia Claudia , Nicolai Rebecca , Giovannelli Luigi , Caiello Ivan , Boni Alessandra , Matteo Valentina , Moneta Gian Marco , Messia Virginia , De Benedetti Fabrizio , Marasco Emiliano
Published: November 2024

Objective

to investigate the trend of autoantibody titers during a 2-year follow-up in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) and pediatric Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).

Methods

Autoantibodies testing was performed every 3-4 months during 2 years from disease onset in a cohort of children with pSLE and pSS.

Results

We enrolled 21 children with pSLE and 22 children with pSS. All pSLE patients at 2 years showed ANA titers significantly lower compared to disease onset. Eleven patients (73%) were still ANA positive at 2 years, while 4 (26%) became ANA negative. At diagnosis, 12 (80%) patients showed a homogeneous pattern, while 3 (20%) patients showed a speckled pattern. The latter remained ANA positive with the same pattern; only 2 patients with a homogenous pattern converted to speckled, 4 patients with a homogeneous pattern became ANA negative. ANA negative pSLE patients showed lower levels of interferon score compared to ANA positive patients. Anti-dsDNA titers declined equally in the two groups. All patients with pSS, at disease onset, were ANA and anti-Ro positive and 14 (66%) were anti-La positive. After 2 years of follow-up, 100% remained ANA positive but showed significant lower titers. During follow-up anti-Ro and anti-La titers remained stable.

Conclusion

different patterns in changes of ANA and ENA titers in pSLE and pSS were shown. At 2 years of follow-up, all pSLE patients had a lower ANA titer and 26% became negative; however, all pSS patients remained both ANA and ENA positive. This evidence may be due to different pathogenetic pathways in SLE and pSS.
Organizing for future war and warfare: Complexity as ‘folk theory’ in NATO policy
Authors: Klitmøller Anders , Obling Anne Roelsgaard
Published: November 2024

Geopolitical and societal changes are increasingly narrated using the concept of complexity. In a range of policy contexts, from climate to finance and peacekeeping to defence and security, complexity is often prominent. This article explores the contemporary expressions of complexity in defence and security scholarship and policy. To understand the expressions of complexity, we view it as a ‘folk theory’ – what others have called a category of practice. We illustrate how this folk theory has gained prominence in NATO policy regarding the organizing of future war and warfare as one example of a policy context in which expressions of complexity are produced and promoted. Specifically, we examine NATO’s future warfighting concept – multi-domain operations – and explore how the concept offers a way and a new language to make sense of an uncertain future and make it governable from the present. We discuss some consequences of a ‘folk theory’ becoming the explanation rather than one of many explanations of the future defence and security landscape. As a representative of folk theory, complexity offers a strong performative master narrative for a variety of orientations, yet one whose practical relevance for the organization of security can be questioned.
Reflections on  Agroecology and Social Justice in Malwa-Nimar
Authors: Fazli Caroline E.
Published: November 2024

Recent literature has positioned agroecological transitions as a way of repairing the ‘metabolic and epistemic rift’ brought about by industrial agriculture. Deeper appreciation of the interconnectedness and interpenetration between humans and nature has been at the heart of much thought about agroecology. Social and epistemic justice have been incorporated as almost inherent to the definition of agroecology for many involved in theorising about it worldwide, especially thought coming out of Latin America on ‘emancipatory agroecologies’. In view of the historical inequalities in agriculture in Malwa-Nimar, India, along caste, gender and class lines, this research seeks to explore the extent to which agroecology as currently practiced is emancipatory, and what challenges exist to overcoming structural inequalities. Findings show that, while more privileged farmers are able to find ways to repair the metabolic and position themselves as agents of epistemic change, sustaining their agroecological practice within current economic structures makes them dependent on relationships with labour and networks that may reify historical social and epistemic inequalities. This points to a need to embed the agroecology movement in a larger process of systems change in the region that seeks social-justice-centred rural transformation.
Imaging Yield and Surgical Outcomes of Nasal, Medial Brow, Forehead, and Scalp Dermoid Cysts
Authors: Meira Pazelli Alexandre , Wang Leda , Gates-Tanzer Lauren , Davis Dawn M.R. , Cofer Shelagh , Mardini Samir , Lehman Julia , Guerin Julie , Ahn Edward S. , Gibreel Waleed
Published: November 2024

Objective

Dermoid cyst (DC) is a congenital cyst with the potential to have intracranial extension (ICE). This study aims to evaluate the imaging yield and surgical outcomes of nasal, medial brow, forehead, and scalp DCs.

Design

Retrospective review of craniofacial DCs treated at our institution between 1992 and 2024.

Results

A total of 117 patients (57 females) were included. The median age at cyst detection and removal were 4.8 months (IQR 3.6-9.6) and 1.8 years (IQR 0.9-5.3), respectively. In 42 patients, parents have noticed the presence of the cyst immediately after birth. Cyst wall rupture during surgical removal was reported in 15.4%. The median follow-up time was 1.3 months (IQR 0.5-12.2). Three patients experienced recurrence. No postoperative complication was reported. The regions with the highest prevalence of ICE were the forehead, frontotemporal scalp, and nasal region. The lateral frontal/temporal scalp had a 33.3% rate of ICE. Midline forehead/scalp lesions demonstrated a higher risk of ICE compared to their lateral equivalents (54.5% vs 17.5%, P = .03). The sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were 100% and 95.7%, while for computed tomography (CT scans) were 72.7% and 96.5%. The Area Under the Curve for MRI was 0.978, and for CT was 0.846. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 50% and 100%.

Conclusions

Midline forehead/scalp DCs are more prone to extend intracranially than lateral DCs. MRI had a higher sensitivity and specificity than CT scans in detecting ICE. Routine screening imaging should be considered in midline forehead/scalp, lateral frontal/temporal, and nasal DCs.
Patient-Reported Esthetic Outcomes Following Secondary Rhinoplasty in Adult Patients with a Cleft lip and Palate
Authors: Homsy Pauliina , Grann Annemari , Lassus Patrik
Published: November 2024

Objective

Secondary rhinoplasty is a frequently requested revision procedure in patients with a history of cleft lip and palate (CLP). The satisfaction of patients with the esthetic outcome of the procedure has been infrequently studied.

Design

Adult patients with CLP who had undergone a secondary rhinoplasty between 2009 and 2019 were identified in a cross-sectional cohort that had filled the FACE-Q rhinoplasty module. The effect of the cleft type and the number and timing of the nasal revision surgeries were evaluated.

Results

Forty participants were included, median age of 26 years (range 18-59 years). Nine (23%) participants had a history of bilateral CLP. The median time form the last nasal operation to the study was 4.5 years (range 16 days to 10 years). The participants reported being satisfied with the appearance of the nose (median score 52, interquartile range [IQR] 44-60) but the satisfaction with the appearance of the nostrils (median score 44, IQR 30-64) was below the normative value for the scale. Patients with a history of bilateral CLP reported worse satisfaction across all the aspects of health-related quality of life assessed ( P < .05 for all). No association was observed between the age at the first open rhinoplasty and satisfaction with the appearance of the nose or the nostrils.

Conclusions

Following secondary rhinoplasty, adults with CLP are, in general, satisfied with their nose but less so with nostrils. Compared to unilateral CLP, bilateral CLP is associated with a worse health-related quality of life.
Clinical Features and Prognosis of Primary Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Salivary Gland: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database-Based Study
Authors: Han Hui , Pan Li-Na
Published: November 2024

Objective

The clinical characteristics and prognosis of primary epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of salivary gland (EMC-SG) have not been defined well due to its rarity. The purpose of this study is to assess the proportion of EMC-SG among salivary gland cancers, describe the clinicopathological features and prognosis of this disease, further analyze the factors associated with EMC-SG survival, and establish individual survival-predicting models.

Methods

Data on patients diagnosed with salivary gland malignancy between 2000 and 2020 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were employed to estimate survival of EMC-SG patients. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were developed to determine the EMC-SG survival-associated factors. Furthermore, EMC-SG nomograms were constructed.

Results

A total of 15 212 patients with salivary gland malignancy were identified. Of these, 310 cases were diagnosed with EMC-SG, representing a prevalence of 2.03% (95%CI 1.82%-2.28%). The overall survival (OS) rates for all 310 EMC-SG patients at 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year were 92.43%, 84.85%, and 73.39%, respectively. Age, primary site, and T stage were independent prognostic factors for OS, while pathological grade and the use of surgery were independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival (CSS). The concordance index (C-index) for the OS- and CSS-specific nomograms was 0.72 (95%CI 0.64-0.80) and 0.77 (95%CI 0.67-0.87), respectively. The calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the predicted values aligned well with the actual observations. Decision curve analysis indicated the superiority of the nomograms over the traditional Tumor Node Metastasis staging system.

Conclusions

This study represents the largest cohort of EMC-SG patients used to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of this disease. EMC-SG patients often have a less aggressive course and favorable prognosis. The established nomograms provide a useful tool for clinicians to predict patient outcomes, and can assist in customizing the counseling approach for this rare disease.