bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation before and after EGFR-TKIs treatment
Authors: wang chao , liu lihui , li sini , bai hua , wang jie
Published: February 2021

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and a leading cause of death from
cancer in men and women in the world. Epidermal growth factor receptor
tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are considered as the first-line
treatment of EGFR mutated NSCLC. However, almost all patients eventually
develop acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, with a median PFS of 9-14
months. With the development of immunotherapy, people realize that the
interaction between tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor cells
can also affect EGFR-TKIs treatment. TIME contains a variety of elements
and previous researches of TIME in EGFR-TKIs therapy on NSCLC are
decentralized. Here, we review the characteristics of TIME in NSCLC from
EGFR-TKIs therapy and its role in TKIs resistance.
Improving Metabarcoding Taxonomic Assignment: A Case Study of Fishes in a Large Marine Ecosystem
Authors: Gold Zachary , Curd Emily , Goodwin Kelly , Choi Emma , Frable Benjamin , Thompson Andrew , Jr Harold J Walker , Burton Ronald , Kacev Dovi , Barber Paul
Published: February 2021

DNA metabarcoding is an important tool for molecular ecology. However,
its effectiveness hinges on the quality of reference sequence databases
and classification parameters employed. Here we evaluate the performance
of MiFish 12S taxonomic assignments using a case study of California
Current Large Marine Ecosystem fishes to determine best practices for
metabarcoding. Specifically, we use a taxonomy cross-validation by
identity framework to compare classification performance between a
global database comprised of all available sequences and a curated
database that only includes sequences of fishes from the California
Current Large Marine Ecosystem. We demonstrate that the curated,
regional database provides higher assignment accuracy than the
comprehensive global database. We also document a tradeoff between
accuracy and misclassification across a range of taxonomic cutoff
scores, highlighting the importance of parameter selection for taxonomic
classification. Furthermore, we compared assignment accuracy with and
without the inclusion of additionally generated reference sequences. To
this end, we sequenced tissue from 605 species using the MiFish 12S
primers, adding 253 species to GenBank’s existing 550 California Current
Large Marine Ecosystem fish sequences. We then compared species and
reads identified from seawater environmental DNA samples using global
databases with and without our generated references, and the regional
database. The addition of new references allowed for the identification
of 16 native taxa and 17.0% of total reads from eDNA samples, including
species with vast ecological and economic value. Together these results
demonstrate the importance of comprehensive and curated reference
databases for effective metabarcoding and the need for locus-specific
validation efforts.
Are pandemics associated with intensive livestock production?
Authors: Alvseike Ole , Tollersrud Tore , Blagojevic Bojan
Published: February 2021

Covid-19 has awakened the world to the importance of infectious diseases. However, it also affected several people, including researchers, as well as some organizations to blame the pandemic on intensive livestock production. Several factors contribute to the fact that the next pandemic is less likely to come from intensive livestock farming than from wild animals and traditional small-scale livestock production. However, there are also the facts that support the role of intensive production in spreading of diseases. One Health - the interaction between the health of humans, animals and the environment has received a lot of attention. Livestock production plays a role in these interactions, but is not a primary driver for the development of new pandemics.
The Antimicrobial Activity of Quercus Infectoria Extracts Against Bacteria Isolated from Wounds Infection
Authors: Hanon Noor Ameer , Abd Fouad Najm
Published: February 2021

Bacteria that cause wound infections were isolated and diagnosed from patients, who were hospitalized at the Martyr Al-Sadr Hospital from October 2019 to April 2020.  Antibacterial effect of Quercus infectoria extract (aqueous and alcoholic) on the isolated bacteria has been studied. The results showed that the alcoholic extract has a higher antibacterial effect than the aqueous extract against Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus except Micrococcus roseus, which the effect of aqueous extract was higher than alcoholic extract, whereas aqueous and alcoholic extracts showed the same effect against Streptococcus sp.. The alcoholic extract has higher antibacterial effect than the aqueous extract against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Enterococcus faecalis, Shigella dysnteriae, Enterobacter sakazkii, citrobcter freundii and Alcaligenes faecalis) except proteus sp., which the aqueous extract was higher than alcoholic extract.
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS LAPORAN HASIL OBSERVASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 4 PARIAMAN
Authors: Putri Diana , R. Syahrul
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This research focus on the describing skill correlation of reading understanding and skill text writing report observation results of the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Pariaman. This type of research is quantitative research with correlational methods. The sample of this research is students of SMP Negeri 4 Pariaman amounted 42 students. The data of this research are  the score of the reading comprehension skill test results and  the score of the test results in the writing skills of the report text of the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Pariaman. Based on the research, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between reading skills understanding of the report writing skills in the text of the observation results of seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Pariaman. Based on analysis data and discussion, there are several conclusion obtained. First, the skill of Report Writing Text Results of Observation of seventh grade Students of SMP Negeri 4 Pariaman is in good qualification (80.95). Second, the skill of reading Comprehension of seventh grade Students of SMP Negeri 4 Pariaman is in good qualification (80.36). Kata kunci: Korelasi, Membaca Pemahaman, Menulis, Teks Laporan Hasil Observasi
PENGARUH TEKNIK PEMBELAJARAN THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) BERBANTUAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERSERI TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS FABEL
Authors: Wahyuni Nendi Dwi , Thahar Harris Effendi
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this writing is to research the influence of TTW’s learning by using picture in series as the media towards class VII of SMP Negeri 2 2X11 Enam Lingkung’s students’ skill on writing fable. The data of this research are the students’ scores of writing fables. It is collected by doing the test of writing fable toward the sample before and after using TTW’s technique by using picture in series. The result of this technique is using T-test formula. The result of this research showing 1) the writing skill of fable before and after using TTW’s technique of picture in series are in “Lebih dari Cukup” (LdC) qualification; 2) the writing skill of fable before and after using TTW’s technique of picture in series are in the “Baik Sekali” (BS) qualification and 3) as the result of using T-test formula showing that the writing skill of fable before and after using TTW’s technique of picture in series giving very good influence towards the students’ skill of writing fable text in class VII of SMP Negeri 2 2X11 Enam Lingkung. Kata kunci: Pengaruh, TTW Berbantuan Media Gambar Berseri, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Fabel
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS PERSUASI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 8 PADANG
Authors: Mulyani Riska , R., Syahrul
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was categorized into three. First, to describe the text writing skills of the experimental class persuasion students. Second, to describe the text writing skills of the control class students' persuasion. Third, to describe the influence of the cooperative learning which was Think Talk Write (TTW) model assisted by audiovisual media in writing skill related to the persuasive text of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 8 Padang. The type of study was quantitative with quasi-experimental research. The design of this study was static by two groups. The population in this study was VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 8 Padang who were enrolled in 2018/2019 academic year about 252 students. The sample in this study was 64 students that consist of two classes, namely class VIII A as the experimental class and class VIII D as the control class that was taken by using purposive random sampling technique. There were several results of this study. They were: First, persuasive text writing skill of the experimental class students was in the category Very Good (BS) with an average score of 85.94. Second, persuasive text writing skill of control class students was in the category Good (B) with an average score of 76.82. Third, the working hypothesis (H_1) was received at the level of α = 0.05 and degrees of freedom (dk) = (n1 + n2) -2 because of tcount>ttable, which is 4.23> 1.70. In other words, the use of model cooperative learning type Think Talk Write assisted by audiovisual media has a significant effect on the persuasive writing skills of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 8 Padang. Therefore, the cooperative learning type Think Talk Write (TTW) model could be used as an alternative in learning persuasive text writing skill at the junior secondary level. Kata kunci: Pengaruh, Think Talk Write , Media Audiovisual, Teks Persuasi
Perplexity and Predicament: A Corpus Stylistic Analysis of A Summer Bird-Cage
Authors: Lin Xuqin
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to explore the text style of Margaret Drabble’s novel A Summer Bird-Cage. Specifically, it is intended to scrutinize how Drabble’s language style vivifies her representation of some women characters’ perplexity and predicament when they are confronted with problems related to value orientations and lifestyles. The present paper’s significance lies in a methodological breakthrough and resultant interdisciplinary insights. To achieve the main aims specified above, this paper will explore the following research question: stylistically, how some lexical categories such as nouns, verbs, and clusters are related to the spatio-temporal order of the novel and to its discourse prosodies or “tone of characters” speeches. As a whole, this study is situated in a research context where previous and many current studies of A Summer Bird-Cage are primarily qualitative. To complement them, this paper embodies mixed methods research, featuring in a computer-aided, data-based, corpus stylistic approach to the style in Drabble’s novel. Based on a multi-layered investigation of Drabble’s language use and a close corpus stylistic analysis of it, this paper obtains some interesting findings as follows. First, some young, educated British women’s complicated psychological experiences are thematized via narratorial introspection that centers around characters’ processing of mind. Second, the tone of the women characters’ speeches and the underlying attitude to some important issues are often negative, indicative of the women characters’ bewilderment. In short, this paper adopts a corpus stylistic approach to thematic studies and character analysis as a contribution to the body of specialized knowledge of Drabble’s art of fiction.
“Fuel Burns Mixed with Seawater”: The Relationship between the Refugee Tragedy and the Ecological Crisis in the Mediterranean Sea in Khaled Mattawa’s Mare Nostrum (2019)
Authors: Basnawi Ashwaq
Published: February 2021

With environmental sustainability gaining more attention in contemporary literature, Arab-American poets have begun to focus on the connection between nature and current Middle Eastern and North African politics. Khaled Mattawa’s fifth collection of poems, Mare Nostrum (2019), discusses the twenty-first-century refugee crisis in the Mediterranean through the effects of economics and environmental destruction on both humans and marine ecosystems alike. This paper aims to examine the Mediterranean migrant tragedy’s entanglement with its ecological crisis in Mattawa’s poems. The study seeks to answer the question: can an analysis of Mare Nostrum (2019) illustrate a parallel between humans’ oppression and the environment? A postcolonial ecocritical lens can explore this connection by looking at the “changing relationship between people, animals, and environment . . . that can be recuperated for anticolonial critique” (Huggan and Tiffin 12). The study’s significance exists in showing the destructive impact of political crises that extend beyond human displacement to become an ecological issue that threatens marine ecosystems. The study’s findings reveal that Mattawa’s poems illustrate that the environmental and humanitarian crisis in the Mediterranean is a result of both economic and political instability.
World experience in transport safety: low cost and quikly implemented measures
Authors: Panshin A. I. , Begichev M. M. , Vlasov A. V.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the world experience in the field of security. The existing experience, the possibility of its use in modern conditions in Russia is analyzed. Analysis of foreign experience has shown that the current state of transport security requires serious study and clearer measures, but they are not possible without improving legal regulation and without introducing modern technologies.
Study of the preferences of Russian students of management specialties who receive higher education in the conditions of digital transformation of the economy
Authors: Shapiro S. A. , Veshkurova A. B. , Lukyanova R. R. , Nikonova O. V.
Published: February 2021

This work considers the main approaches to improving the process of teaching students of management specialties of higher education in the context of the introduction of digital technologies. The results of the study of students’ priorities regarding the form and presentation of the studied material are shown, their analysis and interpretation are described. The conclusions of the author’s team on the trends and prospects for digitalization of the higher management education system in the Russian Federation were made.
Investment strategy for 2021: market fluctuations in an uneven recovery
Authors: Gafurov A. A. , Kulikova E. I.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to study the prospects for investment in 2021, both in Russia and abroad. The task is to analyze the macroeconomic situation and financial markets in the world, as well as different sectors of economies with potentially attractive prospects for recovery and development. The methods used in the article are comparison, analysis and synthesis. As a result of the study, economic sectors, asset classes and issuers are identified that can demonstrate significant growth in 2021.
«Literatura y nación. Preliminares de historia literaria. (Una Antología)», de Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo
Authors: Moyano Arellano Claudio
Published: February 2021

Reseña del libro Literatura y nación. Preliminares de historia literaria. (Una Antología) (estudio y edición de Joaquín Álvarez Barrientos, Pamplona, Urgoiti Editores, 2019), de Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, .
Women Empowerment : Latkapuan Menanam Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sampoerno Sampoerno , Septiana Wahyu , Tatiwakeng Diemas , Pakpahan Julios Carlos , Nugroho Christian Adi , Putra Yulius Farchan Dwi , Palupi Dewi Retno , Prasetyo Rian Adi , Dewi Malinda , Apriani Shela , Martins Mathelda Evania Oktiasni Eulalia
Published: February 2021

Latkapuan menanam merupakan program kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana sebagai bentuk dari pengabdian mahasiswa kepada masyarakat. Program ini ditujukan untuk ibu-ibu bhayangkari yang tinggal di asrama Pusdik Binmas Lemdiklat Polri, Banyubiru.  Latkapuan menanam juga merupakan bentuk pemberdayaan perempuan di tengah kondisi pandemic covid-19. Latkapuan menanam memiliki tujuan untuk meningkat kemampuan ibu-ibu bhayangkari dalam kegiatan menanam dengan cara memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan dan limbah rumah tangga. Metode pelaksanaan program latkapuan menanam diawali dengan sosialisasi program, pelaksanaan program yang meliputi pelatihan, monitoring, dan pemberian awards kepada peserta latkapuan menanam.
Zmiany kierunków kształcenia w Akademii Ekonomicznej w Krakowie w okresie transformacji gospodarki narodowej
Authors: Borowiec Monika
Published: February 2021

okresie transformacji społeczno-ustrojowej na znaczeniu zyskuje wiele nowych czynników rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. Współcześnie za jeden z najważniejszych uznaje się poziom nauki i szkolnictwa wyższego (Juszkiewicz 1997). Nauka wpływa na każdą sferę życia społecznego i służy ona gospodarce (Parysek J 997). Przyjmuje się, że w nowej fazie informacyjnej, do której zmierzamy, zasoby intelektualne społeczeństwa stanowią jeden z czynników wzrostu gospodarczego, zaś inwestycje służące zwiększeniu ich potencjału determinują konkurencyjność poszczególnych krajów w wymianie międzynarodowej. W związku z tym jakość systemu nauki i szkolnictwa jest czynnikiem decydującym o kierunkach i poziomie rozwoju wszystkich sektorów gospodarki, w tym szczególnie przemysłu. Dlatego we wszystkich rozwiniętych gospodarczo państwach, szkoły wyższe przystępują do mniej lub bardziej radykalnych przemian w celu przystosowania się do nowych uwarunkowań spowodowanych przez rewolucję informacyjną i związaną przez nią rewolucję naukowo-techniczną oraz wprowadzania nowych reguł zarządzania.
MyDispense: Lessons from Global Collaboration in Developing a Pharmacy Educational Simulation Tool
Authors: Costelloe Marian T
Published: February 2021

The current focus on global workforce development in pharmacy provides a perfect stage for continued and extended collaboration between educators, researchers, and practitioners. One such global educational project is the MyDispense Project, which is a collaborative journey that started with an educational need. MyDispense is an online pharmacy simulation tool that teaches dispensing skills to students. Development of the tool began as a need for Australian pharmacy students, but has been customized for other parts of the world as well. Since the project’s launch in 2010, the ongoing use and development of the tool is a compelling story of success for global collaboration in pharmacy education. Lessons can be learned from this collaborative endeavour.

 

Type: Commentary
Research Ethics Systems: Lessons from a Comparison between NGO Ethics Guidelines and University Ethics Procedures
Authors:   Institute of Human Rights and Peace Studies (IHRP), Mahidol University, Thailand, Capaldi Mark Peter
Published: February 2021

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) researching vulnerable groups have tended to receive limited ethics guidance or oversight, while academia is expected to follow stringent and sometimes seemingly restrictive and bureaucratic processes. The research ethics principles of NGOs and academia are quite similar. However, the frameworks and review processes can differ markedly, creating either strengths, weaknesses, or gaps for both sectors. This divergence is an even greater imperative for sensitive subject matters such as research involving child victims of trafficking or sexual exploitation. Building upon an extensive literature review, this paper undertakes a comparative analysis of the guidelines for ethical research developed by ECPAT International, a global network of non-governmental organizations working to combat the trafficking and sexual exploitation of children, and the Institute of Human Rights and Peace Studies, Mahidol University, Thailand. Through interviewing 14 research ethics experts and NGO researchers, the analysis identifies the added benefit of the two quite different ethics frameworks when applying them in the different institutional contexts. The paper concludes by discussing the merits of an overall more comprehensive research ethics system as an alternative, comprehensive research ethics agenda for NGOs.
COMPARISON BIOLARVICIDES POTENCIAL OF FRUIT SEEDS AND LEAF PAPAYA EXTRACTS (Carica papaya) ON Aedes aegypti
Authors: Corona Fidel , Joprang Freggy Spicano
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Aedes aegypti is the major vector of dengue virus. Dengue virus can cause dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF is dangerous because it can cause death. World Health Organization (WHO) noted Indonesia as state with the highest dengue cases in Southeast Asia. Effort to control A. aegypti vector that can be done is by using natural substances that have the effect of biolarvicides. This study aims to determine natural biolarvicides potencial of fruit seeds and leaf papaya (Carica papaya) extracts against A. aegypti larvae.

Methods: This study was an experimental study and conducted in 2016 using two groups of samples with the design before and after intervention. Samples were A. aegypti larval instar III and IV with the number of 10 larvaeper concentration and 10 larvae of control for each types of extracts. The concentration used was 0 mg / L (control), 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 150 mg / L for both types of extracts, then observed at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours after exposure.

Results: This study using Kruskal Wallis test, p value = 0.352. (P> 0.05) means there is no significant difference in the effect of biolarvicides concentration between the two types of extracts that used to the number of dead larvae of A. aegypti.

Conclusion: Fruit seeds and leaf papaya extracts (C. Papaya L.) with concentrations of 50 mg / L, 100 mg/ L, and 150 mg / L are not effective to kill the larvae of A. aegypti. Other studies show concentrations above 21.9 ppm of leaf extract and 442 ppm of fruit seed extract can effectively kill larvae, therefore future studies are needed to determine effective extract concentrations to kill the larvae of A. aegypti.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH POST VISITORS IN TWO HAMLETS IN KELURAHAN PEJAGALAN
Authors: Astiarani Yunisa , Kristian Kevin
Published: February 2021

Introduction: A community-based health post called ‘pos pembinaan terpadu’ (Posbindu) is a vital approach to NCDs prevention and control strategy in the community. However, the posts appear to receive low appreciation in urban areas, with less than 10% of the population at risk visiting the post. This study presented a descriptive evaluation in Posbindu visitors after half-year implementation in two hamlets in Pejagalan.

Methods: A survey-based study was conducted in two Posbindu, each in a hamlet. A self-questionnaire regarding sociodemography, NCDs status, risk factors, visiting frequency and health-seeking behaviour were asked to all visitors and collected during Posbindu schedule.

Results: Posbindu visitors in hamlet A and B (131 and 160) share common demographic characteristics, with women participation higher in both (Hamlet A= 90.1% and Hamlet B=80.6%) mostly in their 30-44 age group for hamlet A (38.9%) and 45-59 age group for hamlet B (50%). Homemakers and unemployed were more than 70% of the proportion with low education preceding (40%) in both hamlets. NCDs status slightly higher in hamlet A (54.1%) than in B (53.7%), with hypertension, occupied the most. More than 90% of visitors lack in physical activity. Health seeking behaviour is better in diabetes sufferer than hypertension.

Conclusion: Posbindu visitors are usually housewives or unemployed group due to limitation of schedule. School and workplace-based NCDs prevention program have to be in consideration. Open space facilities on increasing the community's physical activity and intensive health literacy are necessary to maintain their healthy life years.
THE RELATION BETWEEN WATER CONTENT IN CONTACT LENS AND DRY EYE SYNDROME (DES) IN STUDENTS OF ATMA JAYA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES
Authors: Benita Levina , Kuswidyati Cisca , Chriestya Febie
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial disease of the eye characterized by loss of homeostasis from the tear film and is accompanied by ocular symptoms. One of many factors that can cause DES is the use of contact lenses. This research was conducted to determine the relationship of water content in contact lenses with the occurrence of DES.

Methods: This research was conducted in 2019 with a cross-sectional study design with the Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) test, Schirmer test and questionnaire. The research respondents were students of Atma Jaya School of Medicine and Health Sciences (FKIK UAJ) whose eyes were examined as samples (n = 84). The water content of the respondent's contact lenses was obtained using a questionnaire. The inspection methods used to determine DES are TBUT test and Schirmer test. Data analysis using chi-square test with significance level of p <0.05.

Results: The prevalence of DES obtained in students with a water content <50% is 25.9%, while the DES in students with a water content >50% is 25.5% .

Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between water content in contact lenses with the occurrence of DES in FKIK UAJ students (p=0.963).
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS WITH THE AVAILABILITY OF TREATMENT SUPPORTER IN ATMA JAYA HOSPITAL
Authors: Dailami Fariz Abdul Mujib , Wiraharja Regina Satya , Chriestya Febie
Published: February 2021

Introduction: One of the biggest health problems faced by community is pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).TB is an respiratory tract infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends TB treatment with Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) strategy, one of which is through the help of treatment supporter (PMO or Pengawas Minum Obat) who supervises the patient during the treatment period.

Methods: This was an analytic descriptive study with cross sectional approach.. Respondents were taken by consecutive sampling, based on medical records at Atma Jaya Hospital. We applied inclusion criteria such as newly diagnosed TB patient with positive sputum smear microscopy results, adult TB patient who has finished 6 month of treatment and patients who have done sputum smear microscopy test after finishing their TB treatment. The exclusion criteria were TB-HIV patients and Milliary TB patients. After fulfilment of those criteria, a total of 81 respondents were selected. Data was analysed by Chi Square test (Fisher Exact test).

Results: Most of patients were 15-50 years old (70,4%) with mean age at 38.49±17.83 years old),male (53.1%), had family as treatment supporter (91.4%) and had successful TB treatment (74.1%). TB patients with treatment supporter had more successful treatment (66.7%) than TB patients with no treatment supporter (7.4%), however there was no significant among the avalibility of treatment supporter and the success of TB treatment (p=0.670).

Conclusion: Despite the insignificant result, this study gives good insight to implementation of TB DOTS strategy in Atma Jaya Hospital. The implementation of this strategy contributes to imbalance number of samples between patient with and without treatment supporter, leading to overestimate results on with TB treatment supporter group.
Effects of chemotherapy on oral mucosa
Authors: Sharma Sakshi
Published: February 2021

Cancer leads to several oral and dental complications arise during the course of a malignant condition, oral or non-oral. These are largely due to the direct effect of cancer but may also result from the complication of treatment modality undertaken to cure the malignancy. This article elaborates on complications of the chemotherapeutic agents, which when employed to combat cancerous cells, may target the host cells. The oral complications of such a therapy results in several conditions like oral mucositis, infections, hemorrhage, salivary alterations, dysgeusia, lichenoid reactions amongst others. Thus, an in-depth understanding of these complications is a must in order to provide better care for an already frail and ailing patient.
Efficient quantum algorithms for analyzing large sparse electrical networks
Authors: Wang Guoming
Published: February 2021

Analyzing large sparse electrical networks is a fundamental task in physics, electrical engineering and computer science. We propose two classes of quantum algorithms for this task. The first class is based on solving linear systems, and the second class is based on using quantum walks. These algorithms compute various electrical quantities, including voltages, currents, dissipated powers and effective resistances, in time poly(d, c,log(N), 1/λ, 1/e), where N is the number of vertices in the network, d is the maximum unweighted degree of the vertices, c is the ratio of largest to smallest edge resistance, λ is the spectral gap of the normalized Laplacian of the network, and e is the accuracy. Furthermore, we show that the polynomial dependence on 1/λ is necessary. This implies that our algorithms are optimal up to polynomial factors and cannot be significantly improved.
有限公司股东股权冻结期间办理增资扩股登记研究——以中国深圳某有限公司诉甲市市场登记部门增资扩股变更登记纠纷一案为例
Authors: 钟 海东
Published: February 2021

有限公司或其股东由于经营困难、借贷、抵押担保纠纷等因素，常常会陷入债务纠纷而被冻结股权的情形。此时，单凭公司现有实力往往无法化解公司之僵局，往往通过第三方增资入股的方式，为公司发展注入新动力。由于增资导致股权稀释，引发申请冻结股权的债权人一方自身利益受到损害。那么，有限公司股权被冻结后是否可以申请增资扩股呢?市场登记部门能否办理该公司增加注册资本的工商变更登记呢?论文结合笔者经办的行政诉讼案件，深入理解分析与探讨股权冻结后增资所带来的各种影响，望能给市场登记和司法实务带来一些启发。
业财融合如何促进全面预算管理
Authors: 张 萍萍
Published: February 2021

财务作为公司业务的末端环节，只有加强财务部门和业务部门的联系，协调发展，才能更好地进行业财融合，实现企业资源的有效配置。论文旨在探讨如何通过全面预算管理更好地实现业财融合以提高企业经济效益。
学前儿童家庭教育存在的问题及其对策
Authors: 邵 新香
Published: February 2021

“儿童发展”视角下的学前儿童家庭教育强调父母要给予孩子尊重和理解，关注孩子的健康快乐成长。本研究通过对学前儿童家庭教育情况进行调查，发现家长在孩子的情感培养、人际交往方面关注度不足；家长对学前儿童教育的认识不够准确全面，教育责任担当存在不足；家长在教养过程中难以做到温和、平等；家长参与幼儿园活动不够积极主动；家长对学前儿童使用电子产品存在困惑等问题。论文提出父母应注重学前儿童社会交往和认知兴趣的培养，采取温和、民主的教养方式，积极参与幼儿园活动，帮助孩子合理使用电子产品以及积极承担家庭教育的主体责任等教育建议，以期提高学前儿童家庭教育的质量。
RISK MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN RFI AND RFP PROCESSES AT BULGARIAN MOBILE NETWORK OPERATORS
Authors: Milanov Avgustin
Published: February 2021

The present paper regards some possible approaches for measurement and evaluation of the risk in the “Request for Information” (RFI) and “Request for Proposal” (RFP) processes in the supply chain of Bulgarian mobile ntework operators. These approaches include measurement and calculations of the risk based on the use of risk calculation equation and questionnaire surveys and follow-up score cards. The risk calculation equation proposed in the paper assumes that each risk event or risk action “m” can be regarded as a function of the likelihood of occurrence, the consequences, and the imminence in regard to the time horizon for the occurrence of the very same risk event or risk action “m”. Apart from these components, the risk equation employed also considers the space in which the risk occurs and develops, as well as the extent of the actions taken to prevent and mitigate risk at a certain organizational level. The data collected from the questionnaire surveys and score cards are being processed and turned into a specific set of numeric coefficients that represent the contribution and value of the separate risk components. Methods for defining the thresholds for acceptance of the levels of the risks are also suggested. The paper also discusses several more specific problems in the application of risk measurement and evaluation of the RFI and RFP processes in the supply chain of Bulgarian mobile network operators, such as the use of risk evaluation for the point of time when the forecasts of the major indicators of the RFI and RFP processes suggest a major future decline.
ANALYSIS OF WORLD AND INTERNAL RUSSIAN TRENDS OF CONSUMPTION OF ORGANICALLY PURE FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors:   RUDN-University, Burchakova Marina A. , Kopyrkin Andrey D. ,   RUDN-University
Published: February 2021

In recent years the organic farming sector in the world has been developing at an accelerated pace. These trends are also evident in Russia: Russians began to buy eco-products, actively engage in fitness, and prefer "green" brands to those that are not environmentally friendly and do not demonstrate concern for the environment. In this regard, a new direction has appeared in the field of agriculture and food industry — the production of bio-products. In contrast to Russia, the governments of developed foreign countries care primarily about the small farmer, on whose shoulders agriculture has been and will continue to be supported. The West has long implemented a system of assistance in the form of grants and bonuses. In addition, there is a system of state orders for farm products, and if a farmer supplies products to schools and kindergartens, he is paid extra money for this. This is a very good example for our country. According to research company Ecovia Intelligence, 57.8 million hectares of arable land in the world were allocated for organic farming in the manufacturing sector. 2.7 million Working farmers in 178 countries. This article analyzes the market of organic products in Russia and abroad.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN THE «RED ZONE» MONOTOWNS OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION: DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS
Authors:   Institute of Demographic Research — Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bezverbny Vadim A. , Smirnov Oleg O. ,   Institute of Demographic Research — Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fomin Maksim V. ,   Institute of Demographic Research — Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2021

The present analyzes the economic and demographic indicators of monotowns of the Sverd-lovsk region with the most difficult socio-economic situation (monotowns of the "red zone") to suggest a scenario forecast of their further development. To achieve this goal, it was supposed to trace the dynamics of the main demographic and economic indicators for 2012-2019. The data of municipal and regional statistics were used. In order to identify the most developed urban settlements, it was decided to conditionally divide them into monotowns of the first group (the most positive statics of indicators) and monotowns of the second group (less positive statics of indicators). In order to draw up a more accurate scenario forecast of the development of each individual settlement, a rating of growth of economic and demographic indicators was introduced, based on which it is possible to track the rate of improvement of municipal statistics after 2016. We also used data from other studies on single-industry towns in the Sverdlovsk region and the Russian Federation as a whole. Pervouralsk and Krasnoturyinsk were the most frequent cities in the first group, and Volchansk and Karpinsk were the least frequent. At the same time, Volchansk had the highest growth rating, while Severouralsk showed the lowest. Ultimately, the results obtained made it possible to divide the monotowns into three groups and suggest their further development according to the three proposed scenarios.
SUBJECTIVE PICTURE OF THE WORLD AS A RESOURCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF MODERN YOUTH AT THE STAGE OF LIFE SELF-DETERMINATION
Authors:   Moscow Socio-Pedagogical Institute, Edelman Galina N.
Published: February 2021

The article presents a small part of the results of a large-scale study of the psychological health of modern society. On the basis of regression analysis, the necessity of including the subjective picture of the world in the system of psychological health resources is substantiated. The author presents a structural model of the influence of subjective factors on the psychological health of the young generation during the period of life self-determination. The unevenness and multidirectionality of the influence of various subjective factors on psychological health at a young age is noted. Depending on the field of psychological health, it is proposed to consider various sets of subjective factors as resources. Attention is drawn to the insufficient influence of subjective characteristics on psychological health at a young age and the limited use of subjectivity as a resource. It is proposed to consider social comparisons at the stage of life self-determination as a resource of psychological health. At the same time, the gap between ideas about oneself and the ideal of no more than 30% of the total range of assessment is optimal for maintaining psychological health.
THE SEVERITY OF THE MOTIVES OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY AMONG TAX OFFICIALS
Authors:   Volga Institute for Advanced Studies of the Federal Tax Service, Voronina Nadezhda А. , Shirokova Alsu Sh. ,   Volga Institute for Advanced Studies of the Federal Tax Service, Orlova Elena Yu. ,   Volga Institute for Advanced Studies of the Federal Tax Service
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the motivation structure of tax authorities ' employees. The effective work of employees in a client-oriented approach is largely due to the peculiarities of their work motivation, which makes this topic relevant. The hierarchy of motives of professional activity is revealed. The leading motive among the employees of the tax service was “satisfaction with the process itself and the result of working”, and the least pronounced was " the desire to avoid criticism of managers and colleagues. A comparative analysis of the expressiveness of motives among employees, depending on the direction of their activities. Motivation complexes of employees of different departments of the Federal tax service of Russia are analyzed. It is shown that the optimal motivational complex is observed among the employees whose activities require creativity and analytical skills. External negative motivation prevails among the employees of non-priority departments.
Antioxidant effects of green tea extracts on lipid oxidation of half-dried eels
Authors: Song H.S.
Published: February 2021

In order to explore the change of lipid oxidation of half-dried eels treated with green tea
extracts and stored frozen, acid values, peroxide values, carbonyl values, and TBA values
were measured. The eels were placed into the plastic bag and soaked for 1 hr in the
solution mixed with distilled water and green tea extracts, and also vacuumed and stored
frozen at –18 ∼ –20°C for 9 months after being dried with a hot-air blower for 15 hrs at
35°C (Aw 90-91). The control consisted of eels prepared in the same way without any pretreatment. At the end of the 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month, and 9th month, eel oil
obtained from the samples were tested for its lipid oxidation. The activity of green tea
extracts 1 mL was very similar to Vitamin C 500 μM 0.8 mL. The acid values, peroxide
values, carbonyl values, and TBA values of eels treated with green tea extracts were lower
than those of the control during 9 months of frozen storage (p<0.05). While the acid
values and peroxide values of the control and eels treated with green tea extracts highly
increased after the first month of frozen storage, the TBA values increased greatly on the
third month of frozen storage. Compared to the control, the pre-application of green tea
extracts to half-dried eels meaningfully prevented the generation of TBA compound
during the frozen storage (p<0.01). In conclusion, pre-application of green tea extracts
was effective in delaying early-stage peracid inducement and preventing the generation of
secondary oxidation compounds, such as carbonyl compound and TBA compound, in the
course of the drying and frozen storage
Total mercury in rice plant (Oryza sativa) collected from Sekinchan, Selangor,
Malaysia and associated health risks
Authors: Soong A.C. , Isa N.M. , Aris A.Z. , Haris H. , Looi L.J.
Published: February 2021

Consumption of mercury-contaminated rice could pose a potential health risk to humans.
In this study, total mercury (THg) concentrations in various parts (roots, stems, leaves,
and grains) of rice plant (Oryza sativa) collected from Sekinchan, Selangor, Malaysia
were analysed for risk assessment. The THg concentrations in collected samples were
analysed by Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80). The mean concentrations found in plant
parts were as follows: root, 47.01±0.42 µg/kg; stem, 6.43±1.77 µg/kg; leaf, 26.25±4.71
µg/kg; grain, 2.64±0.42 µg/kg. THg distribution in rice plants was roots > leaves > stems
and grains. The mean THg concentration in grain (2.64±0.42 µg/kg) was below the
maximum permitted proportion stipulated by Malaysian Food Regulation 1985 (50.0 µg/
kg). The estimated weekly intake (EWI) of THg through rice was 0.07±0.01 µg/kg bw/
week for 60 kg adult, below the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWI) as suggested
by JECFA indicating unlikely to cause impairment of public health due to consumption of
rice planted in this region. However, periodical monitoring of mercury pollution in
Selangor area is crucial because mercury contamination in crops could jeopardize food
safety and security
Biopsychosocial Determinants of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Evidence from Surakarta, Central Java
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Gita Anggi Putri Aria , Qadrijati Isna ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Murti Bhisma ,   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Stress has been shown to have major effects on metabolic activity. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that results from an alteration of the secretion or action of insulin. This study aimed to investigate biopsychosocial determinants of diabetes mellitus type 2 Subjects and Method: A case control study was conducted in Surakarta, Centra Java, Indonesia, from November 2019 to January 2020. A sample of 200 patients with type 2 DM was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was type 2 DM. The independent variables were family history of DM, dietary pattern, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), central obesity, stress, hypertension, and smoking. The data were collected by medical record and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: The risk of type 2 DM increased with family history of tipe 2 DM (OR= 12.88; 95% CI= 5.18 to 32.04; p<0.001), poor dietary pattern (OR= 2.92; 95% CI= 1.16 to 7.36; p= 0.023), and low physical activity (OR= 3.15; 95% CI= 1.22 to 8.18; p= 0.018), central obesity (OR= 4.55; 95% CI= 1.55 to 13.41; p= 0.006), stress (OR= 3.07; 95% CI= 1.21 to 7.79; p= 0.018), history of hypertension (OR= 3.83; 95% CI= 1.49 to 9.79; p= 0.005), and smoking behavior (OR= 3.86; 95% CI= 1.29 to 11.57; p= 0.016). The risk of type 2 DM decreased with normal BMI (OR= 0.37; 95% CI= 0.13 to 1.01; p= 0.053). Conclusion: The risk of type 2 DM increases with family history of tipe 2 DM, poor dietary pattern, and low physical activity, central obesity, stress, history of hypertension, and smoking behavior. The risk of type 2 DM decreases with normal BMI. Keywords: Determinan biopsikososial, DM tipe 2. Correspondence: Anggi Putri Aria Gita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: anggipag@gmail.com. Mobile: +628975406464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.46
Andreas Vezali – müasir anatomiyanın banisi
Authors: Shadlinski V.B.  , Abdullayev A.S.
Published: February 2021

Məqalə müasir anatomiyanın banisi sayılan Andreas Vezalinin (1514-1564) həyatına və elmi fəaliyyətinə həsr olunmuşdur. Andreas Vezali (Vezalius) təbabətlə birbaşa əlaqəsi olan br ailədə dünyaya gəlmişdir. Onun sələfləri uzun müddət saray həkimləri və əczaçıları olmuşlar. Vezali tibb təhsilini Parisdə almağa başlamış, lakin müharibə səbəbindən təhsilini Paduya universitetində yekunlaşdırmışdır. Paduya universitetində o, anatomiya professoru kimi fəaliyyət göstərməyə başlamışdır. Tədqiqatlarının əsasını meyit preparatlarının təşrihi əsasında quran Vezali dəqiq və detallı nəticələr almış, həmin nəticələri 1543-cü ildə Bazeldə nəşr etdirdiyi olan "De humani corporis fabrica" kitabında əks etdirmişdir. Bu kitab bir daha 1555-ci ildə, yenə də Bazeldə nəşr olunmuşdur. Bununla yanaşı, Vezali kitabın ixtisar olunmuş variantı olan “Epitome” əsərini də tərtib etmiş və bu kitabı tələbələrinin ixtiyarına vermişdir. Ümumiyyətlə, öz fəaliyyəti zamanı Vezali Qalenin 200-ə qədər anatomik səhvini aşkar edərək, təbabətin, anatomiya və cərrahiyyənin inkişafına mühüm təkan vermişdir. Qalen ideyalarına sadiq qalan professorlar Vezalinin əsərlərini açıq və gizli surətdə tənqid etmiş, onu təqiblərə məruz qoymuşlar. Vezali müasir anatomiyaya həsr olunmuş ilk kitabın müəllifi hesab edilir. Kitab nəşr edildikdən sonra Vezali təkcə anatom kimi deyil, eləcə də cərrah kimi böyük şöhrət qazanmış, əvvəlcə Müqəddəs Roma imperiyasının imperatoru V Karlın, sonra isə İspan kralı II Filippin saray həkimi kimi fəaliyyət göstərimişdir. II Filippin sarayı Madridə köçdükdən sonra Vezali daha çox təqiblərə məruz qalmış, inkvizisiya məhkəməsinə verilmişdir. Həyatını çox erkən itirmiş Vezalinin ölüm günü beynəlxalq səviyyədə Anatom günü kimi qeyd edilir.
All You Need is Self-Determination: Investigation of PhD Students’ Motivation Profiles and Their Impact on the Doctoral Completion Process
Authors: De Clercq Mikaël , Frenay Mariane , Azzi Assaad , Klein Olivier , Galand Benoit
Published: February 2021

Aim/Purpose: The present study aimed at (1) identifying the naturally occurring patterns of motivation among doctoral students and (2) assessing their impact on the doctoral completion process.

Background: Grounded in the self-determination theory, the paper investigated needs satisfaction and the doctoral completion process.

Methodology: Two complementary methods were used. First, k-mean clustering was used to classify 461 doctoral students according to their feelings of competence, autonomy and relatedness. Second, the completion process of these five profiles was investigated through multi-group path analyses.

Contribution: This paper provided a motivational perspective on doctoral completion process that highlighted significant individual differences.

Findings: Five profiles were identified corresponding to different combinations of satisfaction of their innate psychological needs. The results also revealed significant differences in the completion process from one motivation profile to another.

Recommendations for Practitioners: The doctoral supervision needs to consider the specificities of the patterns of motivation among doctoral students.

Recommendation for Researchers: A more important investigation of motivational patterns is required to fully understand the doctoral completion process.

Impact on Society: A better consideration of motivational profiles would increase doctoral students’ well-being and their persistence.

Future Research: The effect of motivation and context on student satisfaction and professional efficiency could be further explored.