bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocorrência de enteroparasitoses em crianças cadastradas em uma obra social
Authors: Da Silva Júnior Rubenício Izidro , Maior Lucas Pedrosa Souto , Pavão Jessé Marques Da Silva Júnior , Da Silva Kamila Marques , Calheiros Claudia Maria Lins , Rocha Thiago José Matos
Published: November 2020

Intestinal parasitoses are a serious public health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries, and this problem is associated and aggravated by poor sanitary conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the parasitological characteristics of children and family members registered in a social work. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to December 2018. The feces were collected in sterile vials, the exams were performed using the spontaneous sedimentation and Baermann-Moraes methods. The species detected were Giardia lamblia, Endolimax nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiuria and Schistosoma mansoni. The most frequent parasite was Endolimax nana (25.64%), while among the helminths, with 15.44% Ascaris lumbricoides was the most frequent. Regarding epidemiological data, the source of supply water corresponded to 97.91% of households connected (consumers) to the public supply network, ie source of treated source. As for drinking water, 44.44% of households used tap water (from the public network) and another part of families (33.33%) consumed mineral water at home, only 5.56% of households drank well water artesian. Consequently, the importance of health education programs to prevent parasitic infections is highlighted.
Hybrid approach for time series forecasting based on a penalty p-spline and evolutionary optimization
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kochegurova E.A. , Repina E.Yu. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tsekhan O.B. ,   Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno
Published: November 2020

In this work, a hybrid-forecasting model is proposed. The model includes a recursive penalty P-spline with parameters adaptation based on evolutionary optimization algorithms. In short-term forecasting, especially in real-time systems, the urgent task is to increase the forecast speed without compromising its quality. High forecasting speed has been achieved by an economical computational scheme of a recurrent P-spline with a shallow depth of prehistory. When combined with the adaptation of some parameters of the P-spline, such an approach allows you to control the forecast accuracy.
Geoinformation system for analyzing the dynamics of extreme geomagnetic disturbances from observations of ground stations
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Vorobev A.V.
Published: November 2020

The paper is concerned with an approach to developing a specialized web-GIS based on a microservice architecture that provides analytical control of the disturbed component of geomagnetic field variations, according to observation data from magnetic observatories and variational stations published on the SuperMAG portal . A method of spatial interpolation of geomagnetic data implemented in the proposed web-GIS, together with the proposed scheme for ranking and interpreting them, as well as a visualization method in the form of isolines, allows a user to track the structure, observe the dynamics, identify probable regions, duration and time intervals of the occurrence of extreme geomagnetic disturbances.
Optimization of parameters of binary phase axicons for the generation of terahertz vortex surface plasmon polaritons on cylindrical conductors
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Knyazev B.A. ,   Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavelyev V.S. ,   Novosibirsk State University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: November 2020

The feasibility of generating surface plasmon polaritons carrying orbital angular momentum ("vortex plasmons") on cylindrical conductors by an end-fire coupling technique in the spectral range from 8.5 to 141 μm (~ 2-40 THz) is considered. The front face of the cylinder is illuminated by Bessel beams formed using binary spiral phase axicons, or annual vortex beams formed in the focal plane of an additional lens. Graphs are constructed that reveal the relationship between the waveguide parameters (conductor diameter, which is equal to the diameter of the illuminating beam, and the “twist” angle of the plasmon) and the axicon parameters (the ratio of the axicon period to the radiation wavelength) for the above wavelengths and topological charges of the beams ranging from 1 to 9. The results obtained indicate the possibility of conducting experiments in the long-wavelength range for modeling a plasmon multiplex communication channel.
High numerical aperture metalens to generate an energy backflow
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, O'Faolain L. ,   Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Cork Institute of Technology,   Tyndall National Institute, Kotlyar M.V. ,   Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Cork Institute of Technology
Published: November 2020

Using electronic beam lithography and reactive ion beam etching, a metalens is manufactured in a thin layer of amorphous silicon of a 130-nm depth, a 30-µm diameter, and a 633-nm focal length (equal to the illumination wavelength). The metalens is composed of 16 sectored subwavelength binary gratings with a 220-nm period. The uniqueness of this metalens is that when illuminated by left-handed circularly polarized light, it is capable of generating a left-handed circularly polarized vortex beam with a topological charge of 2, generating a second-order cylindrical vector beam when illuminated by linearly polarized light. Both for linear and circular incident polarization, an energy backflow is found to be generated in the vicinity of the tight focus. Transverse intensity distributions measured with a scanning near-field optical microscope near the focus of the metalens are in qualitative agreement with the intensity distributions calculated by the FDTD method. This confirms that a backward energy flow takes place at the focus of the metalens. A metalens generating an energy backflow near its focus is fabricated and characterized for the first time.
Inversion of the longitudinal component of spin angular momentum in the focus of a left-handed circularly polarized beam
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Nalimov A.G. ,   Samara National Research University, Kozlova E.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: November 2020

It has been shown theoretically and numerically that in the sharp focus of a circularly polarized optical vortex, the longitudinal component of the spin angular momentum vector is inverted. Moreover, if the input light to the optical system is left-hand circularly polarized, it has been shown to be right-hand polarized in the focus near the optical axis. Since this effect occurs near the focus where a backward energy flow takes place, such an inversion of the spin angular momentum can be used to detect the backward energy flow.
Improving Mathematics Problem Solving Ability through Team Assisted Individualization Learning Model
Authors: Arrahim Arrahim , Sugiharti Rini Endah , Damayanti Desinta
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to improve students' problem-solving abilities using the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) model in students grade IV of Bekasi Jaya II State Elementary School. This study was carried out because of the students' low problem-solving ability in Mathematics.This study employed the Classroom Action Research approach, which was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle has four stages, namely, planning, implementation, assessment, and reflection stage. About 27 students from grade IV has participated in this study. Data collection was carried out through written tests and observation sheets. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis. The criterion for success in this study is if 80% of students achieve a minimum score of 75.Based on the results, the students' problem-solving ability in cycle I with classical completeness was 59%, and got an average score of 72. In cycle II with 89% classical completeness, and the mean score of students' problem-solving abilities increased to 88. Thus, it can be concluded that the Team Assisted Individualization model can improve the conceptual understanding of grade IV students of Bekasi Jaya II State Elementary School.
Homocysteine as a prognostic marker of atrial remodeling and clinical picture in patients with paroxysmal and persistent forms of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Snezhitsky V. A. , Yatskevich Ekaterina S. , Doroshenko E. M. , Smirnov V. Yu. , Dolgoshey T. S. , Rubinsky A. Yu.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this work was to study prognostic significance of the relationship between the homocysteine level, structural/ functional atrial remodeling, and clinical picture of paroxysmal and persistent forms of atrial fibrillation (AF). The study included 75 patients with AF concomitant with coronary heart disease and hypertensive disease without apparent structural changes in myocardium. Group 1 was comprised of 48 patients with paroxysmal AF, group 2 of 27patients with persistent AF. 19 patients with coronary heart disease and hypertensive disease without AF served as controls. The structural and functional state of the heart was evaluated based on two-dimensional trans-thoracal echocardiography with the use of the formulas for calculating left ventricular characteristics. Blood homocysteine levels were measured. The frequency of AF relapses was determined after an 1 year follow-up. The homocysteine level over 11.2 mcmol/l was related to left ventricle enlargement (over 40 mm), high frequency and relapse rate of AF. It is concluded that the relationship between homocysteine levels, left ventricle size, frequency and relapse rate of AF suggests the influence of homocysteine on atrial remodeling. A rise in the homocysteine level above 11 mcmol/l should be regarded as a prognostic factor of increased AF relapse rate.
The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Pogromov A. P. , Mnatsakanyan Marina G. , Tashchyan O. V.
Published: November 2020

Irritable bowel (IBS) is a commonest functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and remains the diagnosis of exclusion. IBS unawareness leads to incorrect diagnosis and serious economic losses. The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of IBS in Russia from the data of domestic and foreign literature and those obtained at a specialized gastroenterological clinic for 2012-2014 based on Rome-III diagnostic criteria (2006) updated in 2007-2015. Materials and methods. The examination of 1/5 of the hospitalized patients revealed the prevalence of IBS (ICD-10,codes K 58.0, K 58.9). In 2012-2014, it was 18,4-22,5%. Interviews of the patients and analysis of medical documentation showed that mean duration of IBS symptoms averaged more than 5 years. Analysis of previous documents of 100 patients demonstrated the following frequency of pathological conditions: chronic pancreatitis 37%, dysbacteriosis 9%, chronic constipation 4%, intestinal inflammation 24%, combined pathology 21%, Post-cholecystectomy syndrome 5%. None of these patients presented with IBS. Conclusion. Unawareness of physicians and patients of IBS is the main cause of erroneous diagnostics. Patients with IBS symptoms consult various doctors including general practitioners, gastroenterologists, surgeons, gynecologists, rheumatologists, etc. which imposes a serious burden on healthcare services. Hence, the necessity of development ofmore reliable methods for diagnostics of IBS and relevant managerial strategies.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression
Authors: Kravchenko Andrey. Ya. , Sahnenko V. V. , Budnevskyj A. V. , Podvygyn S. N.
Published: November 2020

The clinical significance of type 2 diabetes mellitus is not confined to metabolic disorders. A serious problem is also affective pathology that occurs in the majority (30-70%) of patients. However, diagnostics and correction of anxiety and depressive disorders associated with diabetes are often given insufficient attention. Many studies showed relationship between affective disorders and low adherence to the prescribed treatment resulting in general deterioration of clinical prognosis of diabetes. This review article describes the basic mechanisms behind the interrelation of affective disorders and diabetes. The role of persistent subclinical inflammation in diabetes and depression is discussed. The influence of emotional stress on the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis on the overproduction of cortisol is emphasized. The similarity of some structural changes in the brain tissue in diabetes and depression is discussed. Effect of endocrine disruption in the emotional sphere is demonstrated. Mechanisms responsible for the development of diabetes and its complications provoked by depression are considered
Comparative efficiency of application of different therapeutic schemes for post-contact prevention of HIV infection in health providers
Authors: Vorob’eva N. N. , Ivanova Elvira S. , Krasnoperova N. N. , Okishev M. A.
Published: November 2020

Aim. Comparative assessment of the efficiency of application of different therapeutic schemes for post-contact prevention (PCP) of HIV infection in health providers. Methods. Medical personnel that had professional contacts with HIV-infected patients (n=44) were given medications for PCP. 19 of them (group 1) used phosphazide, 25 (group 2) combivir (lamivudine + zidovudine) in combination with kaletra for 4 weeks after the contact. Phosphazide (AZT Farma K.B., Russia) was used at a dose of 0.4 g twice daily, other medications in standard doses. The results were evaluated 4 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months after PCP from the safety of the treatment and the absence of professional HIV infection. Results. The medical personnel showed no signs of HIV infection throughout the entire period of observation. The safety of therapy was confirmed by the absence of myelohepatotoxic effect of the preparations. Combivir therapy caused a 1.8-fold rise in AST activity of within 4 weeks after onset of PCP (p<0,05). Phosphazide produced no such effect. Conclusion. The above results indicate that both schemes of antiretroviral activity are 100% efficient as PCP of HIV infection, but phosphazide has an advantage of higher safety and better tolerability.
Myocardial infarction at the border of two centuries: demographic and social tendencies
Authors: Garganeeva Alla A. , Okrugin S. A. , Borel’ K. N. , Kuzheleva E. A. , Parshin E. A.
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to compare the incidence, onset, and the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among the population of Tomsk in 1984 and 2013. Materials and Methods: The study was based on the analytic database of the World Health Organization epidemiology program AMI Registry (RAMI). Epidemiology of AMI was studied among the urban population aged 20 years and older. A total of 739 and 983 AMI cases were analyzed in 1984 and 2013 respectively. Results: The proportion ofpatients older than 60 years significantly increased in the age structure of AMI patients during the study period. The occurrence of AMI with atypical clinical onset increased by three times; anamnestic background of AMI worsened; and the number of episodes with preinfarction angina increased. Analysis of the AMIpicture revealed an increase in the occurrence of Q (QS)-wave myocardial infarction and a significant rise in the frequency of complications; the frequency of chronic heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and recurrent AMI was especially high. Conclusion: An increase in the proportion of elderly and senile people in the age structure resulted in an aggravation of the diagnostic and prognostic features of AMI during the study period. Evidently, the existing situation requires optimization of medical assistance for patients of older age groups with emphasis on the development and the implementation of recommendations concerning the prediction, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of these patients.
Tendencies in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the population of Siberia
Authors: Gafarov Valeriy V. , Gromova E. A. , Gagulin I. V. , Panov D. O. , Gafarova A. V.
Published: November 2020

Aim. To characterize differences in the risk of development (RD) of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke during 16 years in an open Siberian population aged 25-64 years and suffering vital exhaustion (VE). Materials and methods. We examined a random representative sample of 657 men and 870 women from the Novosibirsk population in the framework of the WHO «MONICA-psychosocial» screening III program (1954). It included registration of socio-demographic data and cases of VE. A total of 15 episodes of MI and 35 strokes were documented in 30 women and 22 men. Results. The level of VE in men was 66,8% (high in 14,6%), in women75,7% (high in 44,4%). RD of MI estimated from the relative risk (RR) in men with VE(RR=2) was higher than in women. It was higher in divorced women (RR=5,4) than in men (RR=4,7). RD of MIwas higher in men with VE (OR=2,2 in subjects having elementary education, OR=3,7 in bachelors, OR = 7 in widowers;at the age from 45 to 54 years OR=3,8, at the age from 55 to 64 years OR=5,9) than in women. The overall RD of stroke in subjects of either sex with VE was not significantly different (OR=3,34 in women and 3,1). However, it was higher than in womenin men with VE having partially completed secondary-leveland elementary education RR=4.8), in divorcedand widowedmen (RR=3.8 and 3.6 respectively. Conclusion.The study showed that the prevalence of VE in the population aged 25-64yearsis higher than in other age groups and higher in women than in men. VE is a more reliable predictor of MI in men than in women; it is a predictor of stroke in either sexes.
The effect of hemodialys on endothelial dysfunction in patients with end-stage
renal disease
Authors: Susla Aleksandr B. , Mysula I. R. , Gozhenko A. I.
Published: November 2020

Purpose. To study the effect of a single hemodialysis (HD) session on the endothelial structure and function by analyzing the contents of nitric oxide (NO) stable metabolites and circulating endothelial cells (CECs) number, and to establish the interrelation between the oxidative stress (OS) marker malondialdehyde (MDA) and endothelial dysfunction indices in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Material and methods. The study included 20 chronic HD patients (9 men aged 41,0±3,0 years; HD duration, (40,4±4,8) months). Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (65%) dominated. Plasma content of MDA, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CT) in erythrocytes, blood content of SH-groups were measured before and after the HD session by standard methods. Plasma content of nitrite-( NO2-) and nitrate anion (NO3-) was estimated by the spectrophotometric method, and CEC amount in platelet-rich plasma ss described by Hladovec J. et al., 1978 in our modification. Results. After the HD session NO2- content decreased by 18,4% (p<0,001), NO3- by 13,4% (p=0,007), while CEC number did not significantly change (p=0,478). Due to HD the content of MDA increased by 10,5% (p=0,007), the activity of SOD, CT increased by 8,9% (p=0,005) and 16,2% (p=0,016) respectively, and the concentration of SH-groups decreased by 20,8% (p<0,001). Significant correlation between the content of MDA and NO2- (Rs=-0,56, p=0,010), CECs amount (Rs=0,52, p=0,018) was established; the CEC number was in turn related to the level of NO2- (Rs=-0,58, p=0,007). Conclusions. The HD session is associated with the development of OS, lack of NO and possibly endothelial damage which confirms practicability of endothelial protection, in particular modulation of the L-arginine-NO system, during HD session in patients with ESRD.
Current methods of optimization of pharmacotherapy in elderly patients in multidisciplinary hospital.
Authors: Krasnova Natalia M. , Sychev D. A. , Vengerovskii A. I. , Aleksandrova T. N.
Published: November 2020

This research was aimed to study prevalence and patterns of comorbid conditions in patients aged 65 years and older in multidisciplinary hospital, to estimate prevalence of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions. Retrospective analysis with medical information system DOCA+ have been performed on electronic case histories of 80 patients aged 65 years and older who were hospitalized in trauma and orthopedic department. Medication administration records have been investigated to identify potentially inappropriate medication prescription according to «STOPP/START» criteria (2014) and Beers criteria (2015). The study demonstrated that 90% of elderly patients, hospitalized because of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, were comorbid, the average number of diseases in one patient was 5.9 ± 2,6: 2 diseases had 6% of patients, 3-5 - 36%, 6-8 - 36% and more than 8-22%. Most commonly, elderly and senile patients were diagnosed with diseases of the cardiovascular system (85%) in different combinations. Average amount of medications administered to one patient equaled 6.8 ± 2.7, polypharmacy was detected in 50% of cases. Investigation of drug prescriptions using the «STOPP/START» and Beers criteria found that in 53.8% and 70.0% of cases, respectively, elderly patients were administered with potentially inappropriate medications. Our research has shown that comorbidity and polypharmacy, which can impact on disease outcome and quality of life, are characteristics for elderly patients. In order to manage polypharmacy and reduce the frequency of adverse drug reactions tools such as «STOPP/START» and Beers criteria should be used for drug therapy optimization.
Subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Dolgikh Yulia A. , Verbovoy A. F. , Sharonova L. A.
Published: November 2020

Subclinical hypothyroidism is a rather common disorder of the thyroid gland. Despite the fact that subclinical hypothyroidism has no clear-cut clinical picture, this condition is associated with changes in various organs and systems, moreover, it is a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The article summarizes the available data on subclinical hypothyroidism, principles of its diagnostics and treatment.
Nucleoside inhibitors of reverse transcriptase as a basis for the first line anti-retroviral therapy of HIV infection
Authors: Ivanova Elvira S. , Vorob’eva N. N.
Published: November 2020

Aim. Comparative assessment of safety and effectiveness of various medications used in the first line anti-retroviral therapy (ART) of HIV. Material and methods. Patients with stage IV HIV infection were treated using one of the ART modalities for 48 weeks. 38 patients of group 1 were given fosfazid (Farma K.B, Russia) at a dose of 0.4 twice daily and 41 patients of group 2received abacavir. Both drugs were used in combination with lamivudine and efavirinez at standard doses. The results were evaluated within 0-4-12-24-36 and 48 weeks after ART based on the absence of myelo- and hepatotoxic manifestations, immunological, virological and clinical effectiveness. Results. The safety of ART is evidenced by the absence of myelo- and hepatotoxic symptoms. Fosfazid caused a significant (p<0.05) increase of hemoglobinlevel starting from week 4 up to week 48. No such increase was documented after abacavir therapy. An increaseinthe number of CD4 lymphocyte by 100 cells/mcl suggested positive effect of the treatment on the immune status of all HIV-infected patients. ART inhibited HIV replication in 95% and 88% of the patients in groups 1 and 2 respectively which suggests its high efficiency.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: case report
Authors: Matveeva Marina G. , Gogin G. E. , Alekhin M. N.
Published: November 2020

This article reports a clinical case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy manifest clinically, biochemicaly, electrocardiographically, and echocardiographicalyas acute myocardial infarction. The diagnosis was based on finding intact coronary arteries and rapid positive dynamics of instrumental and laboratory data. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (CMP) (stress-associated CMP, apical ballooning syndrome) is a rare reversible disease developing after acute emotional and physical stress. Its prevalence is estimated at 1-2% of all cases of acute myocardial infarction. It most commonly affects postmenopausal women. The clinical picture is similar to that of acute coronary syndrome with transient hypo- and akinesiaof apical and middle segments of the left ventricle (LV) in combination with hyperkinesia of its basal myocardial segment in the absence of stenosis or a spasm of coronary arteries. The precise pathophysiology of the disease is unknown; several hypotheses are proposed including enhancedsympathoadrenal activity, catecholamine multivesselepicardial coronary artery spasm, coronary microvascular dysfunction, catecholamine cardiotoxicity and catecholamine-mediated myocardial stunning. The Mayo Clinic diagnostic criteria are most widely used in clinical practice: transient hypokinesia, akinesia, or dyskinesia of left ventricular mid-segments with or without apical involvement; regional wall motion abnormalities extending beyond the region of blood supply of a single epicardialartery; a stressful event oftenbut not always present in the medical history in the absence of obstructive coronary disease or angiographic evidence of acute plaque rupture; new electrocardiographic abnormalities (either ST-segment elevation and/or T-wave inversion) or modest elevation in cardiac troponin 1 level; the absence of pheochromocytoma and myocarditis. Takotsubo cardiomyopathyhas been classified into 3 types based on the involvement of the left ventricle: classical type, reverse type and mid-ventricular type; lesions of right ventricle are also described. Specific treatment of the disease is unavailable, and the main purpose of therapy is normalization of LV systolic function. The prognosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathyis favorable, complete clinical recovery is observed in 95,5% of the cases, the average time of recovery is between 2 and 3 weeks.
Comparative assessment of metabolic, hormonal and psychological characteristics of young obese men
Authors: Tel’nova Milena E. , Petunina N. A.
Published: November 2020

Aim. To study metabolic-hormonal status and psychological characteristics of young obese men. Material and methods. The study included 87 young obese men (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) aged 16-25 yr given medication or non-medication treatment for 12 weeks. Blood glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), insulin, and glucose levels were measured after orlistat intake. Final screening included biochemical and hormonal studies. 48 patients underwent psychological testing. Results. Orlistat therapy resulted in clinically significant reduction of body mass (by more than 5% in 50% of the patients). Cortisol level also decreased while testosterone level increased. Meal test revealed elevated baseline GLP-1 level in 77,7% of the patients. There was correlation between baseline GLP-1 and insulin levels (r=0,61; р=0,001). Orlistat therapy decreased anxiety and depression (p<0,05) as well as manifestations of external eating behaviour but increased those of restrictive eating behaviour.
Modern approaches to the
diagnosis and treatment of microscopic polyangiitis.
Authors: Shchegoleva Elena M. , Zykova A. S. , Bulanov N. M. , Novikov P. I. , Moiseev S. V. , Mukhin N. A.
Published: November 2020

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is the form of ANCA-associated vasculitis, characterized by pulmonary and kidney damage. This article discusses a case of severe MPA in a young patient and is focused on the modern diagnostic and treatment approaches. The authors also review different clinical courses and outcomes of MPA.
Hypothyroidism and heart failure.
Authors: Kravchenko A. Ya. , Budnevskiy A. V. , Kuzina M. S.
Published: November 2020

The article is a review of the literature, which presents the results of experimental and clinical studies, meta-analysis data on the effects of hypothyroidism on the clinical course of heart failure, the association between hypothyroidism and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. Thyroid gland dysfunction is a risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases. From all types of thyroid gland dysfunction hypothyroidism is the most common. Increasing of thyroid-stimulating hormone level (which happens in patients with hypothyroidism) can influence the clinical course of chronic heart failure because of its extrathyroid effects - namely - influence on lipide metabolism, endothelial function of vessels and blood pressure. Apart from adverse effects of hormonal deficiency of thyroid gland on the start and progression of a chronic heart failure, the heart failure itself can make negative impact on a thyroid gland functioning, therefore pathophysiological "vicious circle" is formed. Manifest hypothyroidism is associated with an increased risk of general and cardiovascular mortality and frequency of hospitalizations of patients with a heart failure. Association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and heart failure is less studied. Figuring out the mechanisms of influence of thyroid gland hypofunction on systolic and diastolic function of myocardium may be important for effective treatment of heart failure and improvement of clinical outcomes.
Structural and functional properties of erythrocytes in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia.
Authors: Shulginova A. A. , Konoplya A. I. , Bystrova N. A. , Gavriliouk V. P.
Published: November 2020

Treatment of chronic cerebral ischemia is still an important problem, because in most cases you cannot influence the constantly progressive character of the disease. Particularly relevant is the search for relationships between laboratory parameters and clinical manifestations of chronic cerebral ischemia with a subsequent search of the most informative indicators for timely assessment of disease severity and prediction of outcome. The aim of the study was to determine the relationships between neurological and cognitive disorders with representativeness in the membrane of red blood cells proteins and lipids in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia stage I and II treatment. Under constant observation there were 44 patients with a diagnosis of chronic cerebral ischemia stage I or II on the background of hypertensive disease stage II. Already in the early stages of the development of chronic cerebral ischemia are significant changes in the content of proteins that form the structure of erythrocyte membrane, shape and flexibility of the membrane, provide intracellular metabolism. Revealed violations in the content and ratio of lipids in the membrane. Primarily, this refers to the content of membrane glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins, which are the basis of the double lipid layer of cell membrane and play a major role in regulating protein macromolecules and to the normal metabolism of erythrocytes. There is a relatively large number of significant relationships between laboratory parameters and parameters of the neuropsychiatric status in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia stage I or II before and after treatment.
Pneumonia varicella in adults.
Authors: Zhdanov K. V. , Kovalenko A. N. , Zakharenko S. M. , Karev V. E.
Published: November 2020

Varicella is a widespread and well-studied disease. However, there is few information on varicella pneumonia (VP) caused by Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and it's contradictory. The literature data on VP is given. The clinical case of VP in a young healthy adult is presented. Initially, an easily flowing varicella on the 5th day of the disease was characterized by a sharp increase of intoxication, the appearance of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rapid development of acute respiratory failure. Intensive care was not able to prevent the onset of a fatal outcome within 24 hours from the appearance of the first symptoms of acute respiratory failure. A complex postmortem pathoanatomical study with use of the immunohistochemical method convincingly demonstrated the etiological role of VZV in the development of fatal necrotic viral pneumonia. Attention is drawn to the mandatory use of acyclovir even in cases of suspicion of VP. The introduction of vaccination against V in the National Calendar of preventive vaccinations of the Russian Federation is the only way to reduce the incidence of varicella in the country.
The role of genetic thrombophilia for venous thromboembolic events in anca-associated vasculitides.
Authors: Makarov E. A. , Novikov H. I. , Zykova A. S. , Krasnova T. N. , Balatskiy A. V. , Samokhodskaya L. M. , Moiseev S. V. , Moukhin N. A.
Published: November 2020

The rate of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) is high in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV), but risk factors are unclear. Material and methods. In 85 patients with AAV we performed routine clinical assessment and detected genetic mutations, associated with thrombophilia by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results. The polymorphism ofmethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR 677 C/T) is associated with lung involvement (р=0,007, OR 4,305 (95% CI 1,547-11,983), polymorphism FXIII 103 G/T is associated with higher VDI - 6,0 (4,0; 8,0) и and earlier disease onset. Combined impact of integrin А2 (ITGA2 807 C/T), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1 675 5G4G), fibrinogen (FGB 455 G/A) and FV (FV 1691 G/A) polymorphism effects on VTE development in patients with AAV (p=0,007). Conclusion. Thrombophilia genes may be considered as risk factors of VTE in patients with AAV.
Outcomes
of long-term observation period in patients with myocardial infarction undergone radiopaque interventions in the acute period of the
disease.
Authors: Karetnikova V. N. , Kalaeva V. V. , Evseeva M. V. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Shilov A. A. , Ignatova Yu. S. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Currently, the importance of various factors in the acute period of myocardial infarction (MI) for the risk stratification of unfavourable course ofpost-infarction period is continued to be studied. Purpose. We aimed to identify the factors, affecting the formation of adverse outcomes of in-hospital and long-term postinfarction period in patients with ST-elevated MI (STEMI) undergone radiopaque interventions (ROI). Material and methods. The study included 954 STEMI patients admitted to the Kemerovo Cardiology Dispensary in the period from 2008 to 2010. Diagnostic coronary angiography was performed in 725 (76%) patients, and 557 (76.8%) of cases undergone myocardial revascularization (isolated balloon angioplasty, angioplasty with stenting). Results. The in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients was associated with the age older than 60 years (OR 2.4 95% CI 1.4-3.9, p<0.001), decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 40% on admission (OR 1.9 95% CI 1.1-2.9) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) (OR 1.9 95% CI 1.0-3.5). The area under the ROC-curve was 0.744 (0.693-0.796; р<0.001). Fatal outcomes within a year after MI were associated with the decrease of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m (OR 1.4 95% CI 1.0-2.0), LVEF less than 40% (OR 1.7 95% CI 1.1-2.7), development of CIN (OR 2.3 95% CI 1.3-4.1). The area under the ROC-curve was 0.707 (0.665-0.749, р<0.001). The risk offatal outcome within a three-year observation period was shown to increase 6.8-fold in the presence of acute heart failure (AHF) Killip > II on admission (OR 6.8 95% CI 2.1-21.8), 3.4-fold (OR 3.4 95% CI 1.1-11.0) in patients of the older age category (>60 years), 4.1-fold in development of CIN (OR 4.1 95% CI 1.1-14.3). The area under the ROC-curve was 0.744 (0.632-0.856, р=0.001). Conclusion. The independent risk factors of fatal outcome development within the in-hospital period in STEMI patients undergone ROI were: the age older than 60years, LVEF reduce less than 40% and the presence of CIN. Fatal outcomes within a year after MI were associated with GFR decrease less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m, LVEF less than 40% and CIN development, and within three years - AHF Killip class II and greater, age older than 60 years, as well as CIN after ROI.
Personalisation of antiplatelet therapy and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.
Authors: Kitaeva E. Yu. , Shprakh V. V. , Mirzaev K. B. , Sychev D. A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this systematic literature review is to highlight the current approach to the issue of “resistance” to antiplatelet drugs, presentation of a personalized approach to antiplatelet therapy in the treatment and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, taking into account new foreign and Russian recommendations and research results. To achieve this goal, a systematic search was carried out with subsequent analysis of literary data and online resources. All reviews were indexed in PubMed, Medline, elibrary, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar databases. The article presents the main characteristics of the methods of laboratory evaluation of residual platelet reactivity used in clinical practice. It is shown that one of the rational approaches to improving the effectiveness and safety of antiplatelet therapy is to test the sensitivity ofpatients to the antiplatelet action of drugs (aggregatometry). In turn, pharmacogenetic testing makes it possible to predict the pharmacological response to the drug and is one of the promising prognostic tests that allow to assess the characteristics of individual sensitivity to the appointment of drug therapy. Particular emphasis in this review of the literature is made on a comprehensive approach, including the use ofpharmacogenetic and functional studies, the results and prospects of the results and prospects ofpharmacogenetic testing in the personalization of antiplatelet therapy of ischemic stroke in order to achieve the effectiveness of the greatest effect of antiplatelet drugs and reduce the risk of adverse reactions. This approach is important because it allows you to correct antiplatelet therapy in the treatment and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in a timely manner, which makes it possible to develop an algorithm to achieve the effectiveness of antiplatelet therapy, choose an individual dose of the drug and the treatment regimen.
The role of polymorphic variants of matrix metalloproteinases genes in the formation of disruption of connective tissue homeostasis and pathology of the musculoskeletal system.
Authors: Tyurin A. V. , Shapovalova D. A. , Lukmanova L. Z. , Golubyatnikov V. B. , Bakirov B. A. , Davletshin R. A. , Khusainova R. I.
Published: November 2020

A clinical assessment of the presence of osteoarthritis (OA) with various localizations, undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (uCTD) and joint hypermobility (JHM) in 484 individuals of both sexes of different age groups was carried out. We searched for associations of 4 polymorphic variants of matrix metalloproteinase genes (rs35068180 (MMP3), rs2252070 (MMP13) ), rs226794 and rs2830585 (ADAMTS5)) with the development of osteoarthrosis as a whole, taking into account the localization of the pathological process, the age of the patients, the ethnic origin of the study groups and the presence of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia as a whole and its individual phenotypic markers, as well as in the comorbid state with osteoarthritis was carried out. 158 patients had osteoarthritis, 252 had a symptom complex of uCTD, 92 of them were in the comorbid state with OA. The significance of the polymorphic loci of MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS5 genes in the formation of the symptom complex of uCTD in general and its individual phenotypes was detected. The polymorphic locus of MMP3 gene was associated with OA in the comorbid state with uCTD. Statistically significant models based on clinical-genetic data using the method of multiple logistic regression, that allow predicting the development of osteoarthrosis of knee, hip joints and polyosteoarthrosis were calculated.
Genderspecific risk factors and outcomes of ischemic heart disease
Authors: Berns S. A. , Schmidt Evgeniya A. , Golikova A. A. , Nagirnyak O. A. , Klimenkova A. V. , Litvinova M. H. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: November 2020

Objective. To study the relationship of gender with the risk factors for coronary artery disease and adverse long-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation (nonST-ACS). Results. Women were older than men, significantly more likely had arterial hypertension and diabetes, but six times less smoked. Coronary artery stenosis >50% in history occurred in men more often than women: 24.2% vs. 11.7%. The median value of the left ventricular ejection fraction in men was significantly lower than in women (56 (49; 63) vs. 60 (50; 64.7), p=0.028). Men were significantly more likely to have a low risk (39.6% versus 24.5%, p=0.0027), and women had a high risk on the GRACE scale (35% versus 21.6%, p=0.0053). Women significantly (p<0.001) were less likely to undergo coronary angiography, while coronary artery stenosis was more frequent (p<0.001) in men than in women. The median scores on the Syntax score were significantly (p<0.001) lower in women - 9.5 (6; 16.5) compared to the same in men - 14 (7; 22). PCI was performed significantly more often in men (p<0.001). Differences in the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events during the five-year follow-up period after discharge after index nonST-ACS for men and women have not been identified. Conclusion. Women with nonST-ACS have more cardiovascular risk factors, in this case, the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events is the same as men with less pronounced coronary lesions, so need to use more actively invasive strategy of women during the index hospitalization.
New methodological approaches to the training of medical graduates to work in
emergency situation
Authors: Chizh I. M. , Rusanov Sergej N. , Karpenko I. V.
Published: November 2020

The article is dedicated to the scientific and practical teaching improvement’s grounding of «Emergency medicine» and «Disaster medicine» subjects at the medical universities. Basic directions of methodological teaching improvement are considered inhere. Modern and effective forms and methods of teaching, which were developed and implemented at the departments of «Life safety» and «Disaster medicine» were presented. This directions can be considered as a possible resumptive model for a teaching at the medical universities in Russia. The enhancement of readiness for practice during disaster is the main goal.
A COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE FOR COMPREHENDING PARONYMS
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Furs L.A.
Published: November 2020

Paronyms as words, derived from the same root, are an intriguing linguistic issue. The purpose of this article is to present a cognitive approach to revealing the difference in their usage so that foreign language learners and teachers, as well as translators can have a practical guide to avoid errors in using paronyms. We investigate Russian paronyms дружеский, дружественный, дружный ‘friendly’ from the cognitive perspective. This involves analysis of deeply embedded conceptual structure which shows the evaluative meaning, profiled by paronyms and evaluated objective features, profiled by nouns which go with the given paronyms. We present an empirical analysis to suggest that these paronyms are not interchangeable. The results of the case study support the proposed approach and show that the comprehension of confusable paronyms can be achieved through understanding cognitive structures which underlie their meaning. The study of conceptual features of both paronyms and nouns, which go with them, offers sufficient ground for comprehending differences in their usage. Another implication is related to practical issues of translation and methods of illustrating the given paronyms to learners of Russian as a foreign language.
CONSTRUCTIONAL PHRASEMES OF THE MODERN GREEK LANGUAGE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE SYNTAX-LEXICON CONTINUUM
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Onufrieva E.S.
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the class of constructional phrasemes in Modern Greek and seeks to determine the position of different types of Modern Greek constructional phrasemes on the syntax-lexicon continuum. Constructional phrasemes constitute syntactically autonomous utterances with an idiomatic fixed component and a non-idiomatic variable one, and as partially productive schemas occupy on the syntax-lexicon continuum the place between phraseology and syntax. As is demonstrated in this paper, constructional phrasemes, which have been included in phraseological classifications relatively recently, do not constitute a homogeneous group of phraseological units. There is evidence to suggest that constructional phrasemes whose fixed component consists solely of function words and/or pronouns are closer to the grammatical pole of the continuum, while constructional phrasemes with content words in their fixed component are more towards the lexical pole of the continuum. Constructional phrasemes with semantically bleached content words in their fixed component occupy the intermediate district between the first and the second types of phrasemes. As is demonstrated in this study, the key factor for locating constructional phrasemes on the syntax-lexicon continuum is the nature and the imagery potential of the elements that form their fixed component.
COGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF THE QUANTITATIVE MEANING CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Boldyrev N.N. , Fedyaeva E.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: November 2020

The article considers the cognitive and language mechanisms of quantitative meaning construction. Being a necessary tool in the research into mind and language interaction, cognitive and language mechanisms expose correlations between the conceptual structures and language units’ meanings. The purpose of this article is to show the significant role of quantity in secondary representation of knowledge about the world. The article shows that the activity of mind in understanding the quantitative characteristics of the real life phenomena and facts implies actualization of various mechanisms. The authors argue that the configuration of knowledge about the quantitative aspect of being is based on a variety of cognitive mechanisms, such as reification, analogical reasoning, portion-excerpting, abstraction, multiplexing, comparison, conceptual metaphor, focusing, defocusing, symbolization. Both individually and jointly, these mechanisms form the basis for the process of quantitative interpretation of the reality qualitative properties. Analyzing the effect of various cognitive mechanisms on the evidence derived from Russian, English and French, the authors focus on the variability of means representing quantity in language, which is a natural consequence of the human mind flexibility and ability to creatively interpret various characteristics of objects and events.