bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Invertible Quadratic Non-Linear Layers for MPC-/FHE-/ZK-Friendly Schemes over Fnp
Authors: Grassi Lorenzo , Onofri Silvia , Pedicini Marco , Sozzi Luca
Published: September 2022

Motivated by new applications such as secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC), Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), and Zero-Knowledge proofs (ZK), many MPC-, FHE- and ZK-friendly symmetric-key primitives that minimize the number of multiplications over Fp for a large prime p have been recently proposed in the literature. This goal is often achieved by instantiating the non-linear layer via power maps x↦xd. In this paper, we start an analysis of new non-linear permutation functions over Fnp that can be used as building blocks in such symmetrickey primitives. Given a local map F : Fmp→ Fp, we limit ourselves to focus on S-Boxes over Fnp for n ≥ m defined as SF (x0, x1, . . . , xn−1) = y0|y1| . . . |yn−1 where yi := F(xi, xi+1, . . . , xi+m−1). As main results, we prove that• given any quadratic function F : F2p→ Fp, the corresponding S-Box SF over Fnp for n ≥ 3 is never invertible;• similarly, given any quadratic function F : F3p → Fp, the corresponding S-Box SF over Fnp for n ≥ 5 is never invertible.Moreover, for each p ≥ 3, we present (1st) generalizations of the Lai-Massey construction over Fnp defined as before via functions F : Fmp → Fp for each n = m ≥ 2 and (2nd) (non-trivial) quadratic functions F : F3p → Fp such that SF over Fnp for n ∈ {3, 4} is invertible. As an open problem for future work, we conjecture that for each m ≥ 1 there exists a finite integer nmax(m) such that SF over Fnp defined as before via a quadratic function F : Fmp →Fp is not invertible for each n ≥ nmax(m). Finally, as a concrete application, we propose Neptune, a variant of the sponge hash function Poseidon, whose non-linear layer is designed by taking into account the results presented in this paper. We show that this variant leads to a concrete multiplication reduction with respect to Poseidon.
Breaking HALFLOOP-24
Authors: Dansarie Marcus , Derbez Patrick , Leander Gregor , Stennes Lukas
Published: September 2022

HALFLOOP-24 is a tweakable block cipher that is used to protect automatic link establishment messages in high frequency radio, a technology commonly used by government agencies and industries that need highly robust long-distance communications. We present the first public cryptanalysis of HALFLOOP-24 and show that HALFLOOP-24, despite its key size of 128 bits, is far from providing 128 bit security. More precisely, we give attacks for ciphertext-only, known-plaintext, chosen-plaintext and chosen-ciphertext scenarios. In terms of their complexities, most of them can be considered practical. However, in the real world, the amount of available data is too low for our attacks to work. Our strongest attack, a boomerang key-recovery, finds the first round key with less than 210 encryption and decryption queries. In conclusion, we strongly advise against using HALFLOOP-24.
Finding Collisions against 4-Round SHA-3-384 in Practical Time
Authors: Huang Senyang , Ben-Yehuda Orna Agmon , Dunkelman Orr , Maximov Alexander
Published: September 2022

The Keccak sponge function family, designed by Bertoni et al. in 2007, was selected by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2012 as the next generation of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-3). Due to its theoretical and practical importance, cryptanalysis of SHA-3 has attracted a lot of attention. Currently, the most powerful collision attack on SHA-3 is Jian Guo et al.’s linearisation technique. However, this technique is infeasible for variants with asmaller input space, such as SHA-3-384.In this work we improve upon previous results by utilising three ideas which were not used in previous works on collision attacks against SHA-3. First, we use 2-block messages instead of 1-block messages, to reduce constraints and increase flexibility in our solutions. Second, we reduce the connectivity problem into a satisfiability (SAT) problem, instead of applying the linearisation technique. Finally, we propose an efficient deduce-and-sieve algorithm on the basis of two new non-random propertiesof the Keccak non-linear layer.The resulting collision-finding algorithm on 4-round SHA-3-384 has a practical time complexity of 259.64 (and a memory complexity of 245.94). This greatly improves upon the best known collision attack so far: Dinur et al. achieved an impractical 2147 time complexity. Our attack does not threaten the security margin of the SHA-3 hash function. However, the tools developed in this paper could be used to analyse other cryptographic primitives as well as to develop new and faster SAT solvers.
Throwing Boomerangs into Feistel Structures
Authors: Hadipour Hosein , Nageler Marcel , Eichlseder Maria
Published: September 2022

Automatic tools to search for boomerang distinguishers have seen significant advances over the past few years. However, most previous work has focused on ciphers based on a Substitution Permutation Network (SPN), while analyzing the Feistel structure is of great significance. Boukerrou et al. recently provided a theoretical framework to formulate the boomerang switch over multiple Feistel rounds, but they did not provide an automatic tool to find distinguishers. In this paper, by enhancing the recently proposed method by Hadipour et al., we provide an automatic tool to search for boomerang distinguishers and apply it to block ciphers following the Generalized Feistel Structure (GFS). Applying our tool to a wide range of GFS ciphers, we show that it significantly improves the best previous results on boomerang analysis. In particular, we improve the best previous boomerang distinguishers for 20 and 21 rounds of WARP by a factor of 238.28 and 236.56, respectively. Thanks to he effectiveness of our method, we can extend the boomerang distinguishers of WARP by two rounds and distinguish 23 rounds of this cipher from a random permutation. Applying our method to the internationally-standardized cipher CLEFIA, we achieve a 9-round boomerang distinguisher which improves the best previous boomerang distinguisher by one round. Based on this distinguisher, we build a key-recovery attack on 11 rounds of CLEFIA, which improves the best previous sandwich attack on this cipher by one round. We also apply our method to LBlock, LBlock-s, and TWINE and improve the best previous boomerang distinguisher of these ciphers.
SuperBall: A New Approach for MILP Modelings of Boolean Functions
Authors: Li Ting , Sun Yao
Published: September 2022

Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solver has become one of the most powerful tools of searching for cryptographic characteristics. It has great significance to study the influencing factors of the efficiency of MILP models. For this goal, different types of MILP models should be constructed and carefully studied. As Boolean functions are the fundamental cryptographic components, in this paper, we study the descriptive models of Boolean functions. Here, a descriptive model of a Boolean function refers to a set of integer linear inequalities, where the set of the binary solutions to these inequalities is exactly the support of this Boolean function. Previously, it is hard to construct various types of descriptive models for study, one important reason is that only a few kinds of inequalities can be generated. On seeing this, a new approach, called SuperBall, is proposed to generate inequalities. The SuperBall approach is based on the method of undetermined coefficients, and it could generate almost all kinds of inequalities by appending appropriate constraints. Besides, the Sasaki-Todo Algorithm is also improved to construct the descriptive models from a set of candidate inequalities by considering both their sizes and strengths, while the strengths of descriptive models have not been considered in the previous works. As applications, we constructed several types of descriptive models for the Sboxes of Liliput, SKINNY-128, and AES. The experimental results first prove that the diversity of the inequalities generated by the SuperBall approach is good. More importantly, the results show that the strengths of descriptive model do affect the efficiencies, and although there is not a type of descriptive model having the best efficiency in all experiments, we did find a specific type of descriptive model which has the minimal size and relatively large strength, and the descriptive models of this type have better efficiencies in most of our experiments.
Hybrid Code Lifting on Space-Hard Block Ciphers
Authors: Todo Yosuke , Isobe Takanori
Published: September 2022

There is a high demand for whitebox cryptography from the practical use of encryption in untrusted environments. It has been actively discussed for two decades since Chow et al. presented the whitebox implementation of DES and AES. The goal is to resist the key extraction from the encryption program and mitigate the code lifting of the program. At CCS2015, Bogdanov and Isobe proposed space-hard block ciphers as a dedicated design of whitebox block ciphers. It ensures that the key extraction is as difficult as the key recovery in the standard blackbox model. Moreover, to mitigate code lifting, they introduce space hardness, a kind of leakage-resilient security with the incompressibility of a huge program. For space-hard ciphers, code lifting (a partial leakage of the entire program) is useless to copy the functionality.In this paper, we consider a new attack model of space-hard block ciphers called hybrid code lifting. Space-hard block ciphers are intended to ensure security under a size-bounded leakage. However, they do not consider attackers (in the standard blackbox model) receiving the leakage by code lifting. If such attackers can recover the encryption program of a space-hard block cipher, such a cipher does not always satisfy the intention. We analyze Yoroi proposed in TCHES 2021. We introduce the canonical representation of Yoroi. Using the representation enables the recovery of the programs of Yoroi-16 and Yoroi-32 with 233 and 265.6 complexities, respectively, in spite of slight leakage. The canonical representation causes another attack against Yoroi. It breaks an authors’ security claim about the “longevity”. We additionally analyzed SPNbox proposed in Asiacrypt 2016. As a result, considering security on the hybrid code lifting, the original number of rounds is insufficient to achieve 128-bit security under quarter-size leakage.
Low-Latency Boolean Functions and Bijective S-boxes
Authors: Rasoolzadeh Shahram
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study the gate depth complexity of (vectorial) Boolean functions in the basis of {NAND, NOR, INV} as a new metric, called latency complexity, to mathematically measure the latency of Boolean functions. We present efficient algorithms to find all Boolean functions with low-latency complexity, or to determine the latency complexity of the (vectorial) Boolean functions, and to find all the circuits with the minimum latency complexity for a given Boolean function. Then, we present another algorithm to build bijective S-boxes with low-latency complexity which with respect to the computation cost, this algorithm overcomes the previous methods of building S-boxes.As a result, for latency complexity 3, we present n-bit S-boxes of 3 ≤ n ≤ 8 with linearity 2n−1 and uniformity 2n−2 (except for 5-bit S-boxes for whose the minimum achievable uniformity is 6). Besides, for latency complexity 4, we present several n-bit S-boxes of 5 ≤ n < 8 with linearity 2n−2 and uniformity 2n−4.
Algebraic Attacks against Some Arithmetization-Oriented Primitives
Authors: Bariant Augustin , Bouvier Clémence , Leurent Gaëtan , Perrin Léo
Published: September 2022

Recent advanced Zero-Knowledge protocols, along with other high-level constructions such as Multi-Party Computations (MPC), have highlighted the need for a new type of symmetric primitives that are not optimized for speed on the usual platforms (desktop computers, servers, microcontrollers, RFID tags...), but for their ability to be implemented using arithmetic circuits.Several primitives have already been proposed to satisfy this need. In order to enable an efficient arithmetization, they operate over large finite fields, and use round functions that can be modelled using low degree equations. The impact of these properties on their security remains to be completely assessed. In particular, algebraic attacks relying on polynomial root-finding become extremely relevant. Such attacks work by writing the cryptanalysis as systems of polynomial equations over the large field, and solving them with off-the-shelf tools (SageMath, NTL, Magma, . . . ).The need for further analysis of these new designs has been recently highlighted by the Ethereum Foundation, as it issued bounties for successful attacks against round-reduced versions of several of them.In this paper, we show that the security analysis performed by the designers (or challenge authors) of four such primitives is too optimistic, and that it is possible to improve algebraic attacks using insights gathered from a careful study of the round function.First, we show that univariate polynomial root-finding can be of great relevance n practice, as it allows us to solve many of the Ethereum Foundation’s challenges on Feistel–MiMC. Second, we introduce a trick to essentially shave off two full rounds at little to no cost for Substitution-Permutation Networks (SPN). This can be combined with univariate (resp. multivariate) root-finding, which allowed to solve some challenges for Poseidon (resp. Rescue–Prime). Finally, we also find an alternative way to set up a system of equations to attack Ciminion, leading to much faster attacks than expected by the designers.
The Effects of GnRH and hCG Administration on Pregnancy Rate in Postpartum Dairy Cows
Authors: KARSAVURANOĞLU Emre , SARIBAY Mustafa Kemal , KOLDAŞ ÜRER Ece
Published: September 2022

This study was designed to determine the effects of GnRH administration alone at the time of artificial insemination (AI) or in combination with hCG 5 days after GnRH injection on conception rates in postpartum dairy cows. Cows in estrus, without any reproductive health problem, between days 70-120 postpartum were randomly assigned to 3 equal groups. Buserelin acetate (10 µg), was administered at the time of AI to Group I (n=40). Group II (n=40) was administered first with Buserelin acetate (10 μg) at the time of AI and then with 1500 IU of hCG on the 5th day after insemination. Group III was maintained for control purposes and did not receive any treatment. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on day 30 post-AI by transrectal ultrasonography. Conception rates were 80% (32/40), 80% (32/40), and 57.5% (23/40) in Group I, II and III (P
Factors Affecting the Low Preference of Culinary Traders in Choosing Sharia Financing in Bima City
Authors:   Faculty of Ecnomics and Business, University of Mataram, Jl. Majapahit No. 62 Mataram.
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the low preference of culinary traders in choosing sharia financing in Bima City. This research was conducted using quantitative methods. The type of data in this study is primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to culinary traders in the city of Bima. They have not chosen Islamic financing in Islamic banks. The number of samples in this study was 96 respondents. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS v.24 software. The independent variables of this study are knowledge, promotion, and religiosity, while the dependent variable is low preference. The results showed that knowledge, promotion, and religiosity had a positive and significant effect on the low preference of culinary traders in choosing sharia financing in Bima City. These findings need further research to identify other factors that will encourage the preference of culinary traders to take financing from Islamic banks.
Paz, reforma rural integral y potencial del cooperativismo en Colombia: una mirada desde la academia
Authors: Zabala-Salazar Hernando Emilio , Arboleda-Álvarez Olga Lucía , Alzate-Cárdenas Martha del Socorro , Rincón-Zapata Carolina , Restrepo-Ruiz Alba Lucía
Published: September 2022

El presente libro contiene una reflexión sobre el potencial de la economía solidaria en Colombia para responder a los retos inmediatos surgidos de la necesidad de dar una mayor dinámica a la economía rural, en el marco de los Acuerdos de Paz de La Habana (2016) y la modernización de las estructuras agrarias, a partir de la consideración de la economía solidaria como un mecanismo idóneo comprobado históricamente para dar soluciones en situaciones de crisis y conflicto, y que las previsiones políticas de la coyuntura así lo consideran. Desde comienzos de la segunda década del siglo xxi se configuró en Colombia un escenario que brinda a la economía solidaria la posibilidad de aportar a la construcción de un futuro menos incierto para la ruralidad, mediante la confluencia de tres grandes coyunturas, que desatadas positivamente podrían significar un salto cualitativo en nuestra historia, a saber: a) Planes de desarrollo nacionales, regionales, locales y sectoriales que promueven estrategias de modernización del mundo rural; b) El proceso de implementación de los Acuerdos de Paz con uno de los grupos armados más beligerantes del país; c) La necesidad urgente de resolver una crisis que se hará crónica si no se produce un ejercicio de renovación productiva que no dependa tanto de las actividades económicas extractivas, particularmente del petróleo, para poder participar en mejores condiciones en el concierto internacional y allegar los recursos necesarios para resolver las dos primeras situaciones enunciadas; lo cual amerita a la vez producir reflexiones sobre la articulación de los objetivos de desarrollo propuestos por las Naciones Unidas en 2015 y la economía solidaria. Ahora bien, la deficiente estructuración del campo colombiano, generadora de desequilibrios sociales, es una de las condiciones principales del mantenimiento de escenarios de conflicto social. Mientras no se dé una solución integral a los problemas que hoy enfrenta el mundo rural colombiano, será imposible reconstruir el tejido social y mantener territorios en paz. Según consenso generalizado de los autores consultados para este proceso de investigación sobre lo que se entiende por reforma rural, esta hace referencia, básicamente, a los asuntos relacionados con redistribución de la tierra, centrada en beneficiar los agricultores pequeños; generar un mayor impacto en la generación de empleo rural, en el nivel de ingresos y en el desarrollo del campo, lo cual, según el Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica (2013), en Colombia solo se ha dado en la década del 60 en el siglo pasado.
Development of geopolymeric mortars produced from industrial wastes in both precursor and activator phases
Authors:   , Mendes Beatryz Cardoso
Published: September 2022

Geopolymers are binder materials that can be an alternative to replace Portland cement. They are considered less aggressive to the environment because of the lower emission of CO 2 and use of energy in their production chain. However, in order to obtain this advantage, it is essential to use activators that were produced cleanly and sustainably, which is not the case of commercial products such as sodium silicate. This work aimed to manufacture a more eco- efficient product using industrial wastes. Geopolymeric pastes and mortars were produced from chamotte as precursor and waste glass as a component of an alternative activator. In the first experimental phase, it was evaluated the effect of molar concentration and waste glass content in the alkaline solutions. A factorial design of experiments with two factors – molar concentration and waste glass content – and three and four levels, respectively, was applied to analyze the effects. Physical and mechanical tests were performed, as well as the microstructural analyses. The environmental impacts of replacing the traditional activator by the WG-based one were also assessed. The best solutions were selected to develop the mortars, keeping chamotte as precursor and using river sand as fine aggregate. These mortars were produced and characterized for physical and mechanical properties. The results obtained showed that the WG content strongly affects the mechanical strength of geopolymers and the quality of the matrices, promoting a greater formation of geopolymerization products. Using an alternative alkaline solution can reduce 69.8% of the embodied energy and 78.0% of CO 2 footprint compared to the traditional waterglass-based activators. Therefore, this research contributes to technical literature on the application of industrial wastes in geopolymer and the understanding of geopolymerization process. Keywords: Geopolymer. Waste glass. Chamotte. Sustainability.
Thoughts about the Life Periods of our Earth and why we are not able to Better our Climate?
Authors:   Ministry of Welfare (Retired), Budapest, Hungary, Bela Ralovich
Published: September 2022

Before 2012, when the first NASA Voyger 1 space capsule after more years long travel left our solar systeme and entered the interstellar space, it was believed that in this territory was only vacuum. In spite of this hypotheses the instruments of the space capsule measured increasing quantity of plasma/cosmic ray/flux. In november of 2018 the Voyger 2 confirmed the before mentioned result. So today we must accepet the fact that the number of the high energy electrically charged particles have increased in the interastellar space instead of vacuum. Such particles have been emitted by our Sun, too. The name of this ray/flow is Sun wind and its particles have arrived at our Earth. We only mentioned this example to demonstrate that at present our knowledge about the Universe is somewhat hypothetical. In spite of this fact we try to summarize our thoughts connected with the life of our Earth on the basis of retrospective data and our own calculations.
Growing giant miscanthus in Polissia on radioactively contaminated soils
Authors: Kvak V. M. , Potapenko L. V. , Skachok L. M. , Horbachenko N. I.
Published: September 2022

Purpose. Investigate the accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides in the biomass of giant miscanthus depending on the agronomic methods of growing on radioactively contaminated soils in Polissia.

Method. Biomorphological, radiometric, lysometric, statistical, comparative and computational.

Results. The article presents the results of research to study the accumulation of radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr in the biomass of giant miscanthus. It was found that in the variants where the bioenergy crop was grown on soils contaminated with radionuclides, the accumulation of 137Cs in the biomass in the range of 14.7–18.6 Bq/kg and 90Sr 0.46–0.54 Bq/kg was observed. The use of mineral fertilizers together with liming and inoculation of giant miscanthus with the microbial preparation Polymyxobacterin and treatment with organo-mineral fertilizer BioMAG helped to reduce the accumulation of radionuclides in the biomass of giant miscanthus, specifically 90Sr by 15% and 137Cs by 21%. It was investigated that the use of these agronomic techniques contributed to the formation of dry biomass yield at the level of 9.96 t/ha on average over three years of cultivation, which is 28% higher than the control.

Conclusion. It was found that the use of mineral fertilization in combination with liming, inoculation of rhizomes of giant miscanthus with the microbial drug Polymyxobacterin and pre-planting treatment with organo-mineral fertilizer BioMAG contributes to a significant increase in dry biomass yield, reducing 90Sr and 137Cs. The accumulation of these radioactive isotopes in the biomass of giant miscanthus when grown on radionuclide-contaminated soils did not exceed the permissible level for cereal grains, and the use of agronomic techniques helped to reduce the content of 90Sr by 9–15% and 137Cs by 12–21% compared to controls. The lowest coefficients of radionuclide conversion into biomass of giant miscanthus were obtained for both 90Sr (0.15) and 137Cs (0.24) for the use of mineral fertilizers together with liming and inoculation of giant miscanthus rizomes with Polymyxobacterin and treatment with BioMAG organo-mineral fertilizer.
Analisis Manajemen Resiko Bisnis:
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Wibowo Andri , Selayan Asyaadatun Nazila , Nst Sakinah Jahrani
Published: September 2022

Small, Medium establishments or typically referred to as SME are also needed to guard themselves in competition, besides SME are also required to stand a few global demanding situations, in going through international demanding situations this will be performed by way of innovating products and services, and growing human sources and generation, also are wanted in terms of growing advertising regions. for that reason, hazard control is needed to count on or lessen the likelihood of these risks via studying risk management.

Keywords: business risk management, sme,
Sistem Informasi Administrasi Kepegawaian pada Dinas Tenaga Kerja di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Berbasis Web
Authors: Tanjung Novita , Arif Muhammad
Published: September 2022

The development of technology and information is currently accelerating, this development has made many conveniences ranging from the use of computer technology to automated management handling. In this study, we will try to create a Web-Based Information System for Personnel Administration at the Office of the Manpower Office in Mandailing Natal Regency which currently uses computers for operation, but the data processing process is still manual. So we need a system that can accelerate performance and be developed more modern in order to operate using a computerized system. The method used in designing and making this web application is the Native Web Method, the programming language used is PHP, and MySQL as data storage. For display design using the Bootstrap AdminLTE Framework which provides basic HTML and CSS templates for the application of typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and many other interface components. This research will produce a Web-Based Personnel Administration Information System at the Wonosobo Regency Regional Secretariat Office which has an appropriate interface so that it can provide information and facilitate the process of managing personnel administration. Keywords: Personnel Administration, AdminLTE, MySQL, PHP, Information Systems.

Kata kunci : system,administration, web
Peran Dinas Tenaga Kerja Mandailing Natal Dalam Meningkatkan Kewirausahaan Produktif Stimulasi Ekonomi pada Masa Covid-19
Authors: Hasibuan Maysaroh , Arif Muhammad
Published: September 2022

This research is expected to find out the role of Mandailing Natal Manpower Office in Improving Entrepreneurship Productive Economic Stimulation During the COVID-19 Period. The benefits of this exploration can expand information and familiarity with the region and the government in providing employment, especially during the COVID-19 period, meeting needs and expanding beneficial business ventures and financial feelings in Mandailing Natal. A subjective examination strategy which means to get the peculiarities of what the exploration subject is capable of, for example behavior, wisdom, inspiration, activity, and so on, comprehensively and expressively such as words and language, in extraordinary settings usually by using language. different. The results of the study show that the role of the Mandailing Natal Manpower Office in Increasing Economic Stimulation Productive Entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 period, really involves or fosters business visionaries who are under it with various projects that are used as a way to reduce quantity. unemployment and make serious and prevalent business people. It's just that during this COVID-19 period, the Mandailing Natal Manpower Office experienced problems, namely in persuading business people because they could not hold meetings to understand their misunderstandings with the business they were in. The progress expected by the Mandailing Natal Manpower Office or everyone else could not be felt directly or thus the Manpower Office could not immediately work on broad government assistance.

Keywords: Department of Manpower, Entrepreneurship, COVID-19
Efektivitas Penerapan Sasaran Kinerja Pegawai (SKP)-Online Di Lingkungan Badan Pengelola Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah (BPKAD) Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Faraz Azis Ilmi Sitorus Isnaini , Akmal Tarigan Azhari
Published: September 2022

The focus of this research is to look at the effectiveness of the implementation of Online Employee Performance Targets (SKP) in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of North Sumatra Province, the inhibiting factors and the efforts made in implementing SKP-Online to improve the performance of the state civil apparatus optimally in Environment of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of North Sumatra Province. The research uses the theory by Gibson, Donnelly, and Ivancevich regarding organizational effectiveness, then is limited to the application of SKP-Online and employee behavior. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. In collecting data, researchers conducted observations, interviews and collected documents related to the application of SKP-Online within the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of North Sumatra Province. The results showed that the implementation of SKP-Online in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of North Sumatra Province had not run well and optimally, as seen from the implementation process and supervision in the implementation of employee performance targets (SKP)-Online. Then the work environment is less productive and the apparatus resources are still incompetent and the employees' sense of responsibility towards their duties and functions as state civil servants. Efforts were made to improve employee performance in the application of SKP-Online, among others: 1. Creating an innovation by forming a group of employees of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of North Sumatra Province an application on the telephone. 2. Re-socialization to all employees in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of North Sumatra Province, by making a tutorial on the operation of SKP-Online by the editing section. 3. Motivating employees to want to learn how to use and operate technology facilities. Overall, the efforts made have actually been quite good. It's just that over time these efforts have not fully succeeded in improving employee performance in implementing SKP-Online. because these efforts still have not shown a significant impact in building a sense of responsibility of employees towards their duties and increasing work discipline. Therefore, there is still a need for other efforts that are more decisive and have a significant impact to achieve the objectives of implementing SKP-Online, so that the provision of TPP is more efficient and able to optimally improve the quality of employee work and create a competent and quality work environment.

Keywords: Effectiveness, SKP-Online and Employee Performance
Pengelompokan Jumlah Produksi Pipa dengan Menggunakan Metode Clustering Berdasarkan Ukuran:
Authors: Damayanti Nila , Pardede Akim M.H. , Sihombing Marto
Published: September 2022

Production is the most basic and important thing in the company. The company will determine how many products to produce, the required capacity, and the raw materials needed to meet demand. PT. Multiplas Prima Jaya is a company engaged in the manufacturing of PVC pipes. So far, the company does not have a well-planned production plan, production is carried out according to the instructions of the owner of the company. In addition, the production schedule can be changed according to the wishes of the owner. As a result, there is a deviation between the number of pipe production and pipe sales that occurs. In addition, the company already knows the series of production planning to the process of executing the plan

 Keywords: Data Mining,Clustering,PT Multiplas Prima Jaya.
Data Mining Pengelompokan Akta Nikah Berdasarkan Usia Nikah Atau Domisili Menggunakan Metode Clustering:
Authors: Nurlaila Nurlaila , Buaton Relita , Saragih Rusmin
Published: September 2022

One way to find out the marriage certificate data is to group the prospective bride and groom data that has been recorded at the Langkat Ministry of Religion. The analysis was carried out using the Clustering method using the K-Means method which was translated into a software. This software is used for grouping data. The output is to find out the grouping of marriage certificate data with the closest relationship between the age group of the groom, occupation and address. The results showed that the age of the groom-to-be between 19-28 years old had a civil servant job at the address/district of Kutambaru.

 Keywords: age, occupation, address/location and clustering
Analisis Sistem Akuntansi Pengeluaran Kas Atas Biaya Perjalanan Dinas dI PDAM Tirtanadi Kantor Pusat Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Apriani Ayu , Siregar Saparuddin
Published: September 2022

An organization or association should have exercises where certain representatives or individuals have needs that should be completed external their residence, this action is additionally called official travel. PDAM Tirtanadi is a provincial possessed undertaking that has the principle errand of overseeing and giving drinking water benefits that meet specific necessities. HR are one of the supporting variables as well as deciding the progress of an organization. The point is to see if the SPPD cash payment strategy at the PDAM Tirtanadi head office is as per Mulyadi's hypothesis. Information were gathered utilizing subjective exploration strategies, in particular noticing work rehearses at the examination area utilizing meetings, perception and documentation studies to get unbiased, legitimate and solid essential information to be broke down and closed. Then the information is handled utilizing illustrative investigation information handling procedures. The outcomes showed that the SPPD Money Consumption bookkeeping framework at the PDAM Tirtanadi Administrative center, North Sumatra Territory was not completely as per the hypothesis as per Mulyadi (2016) because of a few unique sorts of archives and organizations that didn't have a flowchart in the SPPD cash payment system.Keywords: Accounting systems, business trips, cash disbursements, procedures
Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Wajib Pajak dalam Membayar Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) di Desa Banyumas Kecamatan Stabat Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Hidayani Sandra , Lubis Arnida Wahyuni
Published: September 2022

This research activity was carried out with the aim of knowing the factors that could influence people's interest in paying land and building taxes in Banyumas Village and what efforts were taken by the Banyumas Village government in increasing taxpayer compliance in paying land and building taxes. The research conducted by the researcher is a qualitative research type. The data used by researchers are qualitative data types. The results of the study can be concluded that the factors that influence people's interest in paying Land and Building Tax (PBB) in Banyumas Village are the community knowledge factor about the importance of paying taxes, the community understanding factor about Tax Regulations, the public awareness factor in paying Land and Building Tax (PBB), and tax services provided to the public.

Keywords :  Influence, Land and building tax,Interest
Character Centered Leadership and Its Influence on Employee Loyalty in Sharia Banking: A Case Study in the South Sulawesi Region
Authors: Jabani Muzayyanah , Muhajir Muhammad Nur Alam , Muang Muh. Shadri Kahar , Kamal Fasiha
Published: September 2022

This study aim to find out how the influence of Character Centered Leadership on Loyalty of Bank Mandiri Syariah employees in South Sulawesi.This study uses quantitative research with the type of hypothesis testing, while the data sources in this study are primary data and secondary data.Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was an influence of Character Centered Leadership on the loyalty of Bank Mandiri Syariah employees in South Sulawesi with the result that the R value = 0.582a this value can be interpreted that the relationship between the two research variables exists but is categorized as weak. Through this it is also obtained that the value of R Square = 0.338 can be interpreted that the variable (X) has a 33.8% contribution effect on the variable (Y). It was also found that based on the significance value test (Sig) was 0.000 > 0.05, the effect of Character Centered Leadership on the loyalty of Bank Mandiri Syariah employees in South Sulawesi was significant.
Bibliometric analysis of document flow in the field of library-bibliography in Azerbaijan
Authors: Bayramova Irada
Published: September 2022

In the article, the issues of creation and development of the document flow in the field of library-bibliography in Azerbaijan in modern times are reflected from a statistical point of view. Preliminary considerations on the mentioned problem have been examined here. In the article, the flow of documents in the field is grouped and analyzed according to specific indicators. Journals in the field were identified, "Library Studies and Bibliography" magazine was included in the research according to certain characteristics, and tables and graphs were prepared on the results obtained. In addition, the work experience of the Azerbaijan National Library was applied for the purpose of researching the activities of institutions that create and study the flow of documents in the field of library and bibliography.
The Impact of Online Learning on The Motivation of University Level Preparatory EFL Students in Turkey
Authors: Yağmur Başak
Published: September 2022

Online education or e-learning has been a part of education ever since required technological advancements came into existence. Online education’s efficiency and its impacts on both educators and learners have been questioned and investigated by many researchers and scholars since the COVID-19 global pandemic broke out. One of the many concerns is related to how online education affects learner motivation.  Along with any educational setting or context, the role of online education and its effects on both learning and teaching processes has gained much interest and momentum in the context of EFL as well. In the early days of the pandemic, online education practically replaced traditional classroom settings and today, it continues to be an important part of learning English. For this reason, a good body of research and studies have focused on how online courses can affect the whole process of learning and teaching. This study aimed to investigate EFL learners’ views on online education and to investigate how online learning affected the motivation of EFL learners. A qualitative descriptive design was used, and data were collected with a close-ended questionnaire, to understand how students identify with online learning and how it affected their motivation. 118 English preparatory program students at a foundation university participated in the study. The study findings reported mixed results. According to the findings, a considerable percentage of students claimed their motivation was negatively affected, although some students considered online lessons effective for target language learning.
Recruitment and Selection Policies and Procedures and their effects on Organisational Performance: A Case Study
Authors: Nanor Annibert , Owusu Edward , Senyah Mavis Mensah , Owusu Evelyn Kumah Osei , Agyei Samuel Kofi
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the impact that HR recruitment and selection policies and procedures have on organisational performance at the Ghana-India Kofi Annan Centre of Excellence in ICT (AITI-KACE). Drawing from a sample of 39 respondents, the study used the sequential explanatory mixed method design. Quantitative data and analysis were obtained using questionnaires. Qualitative data and analysis were obtained through interviews and focus group discussions. Results from the study revealed that AITI-KACE has a policy on recruitment and selection, which the organisation mostly adheres to. The sources of recruitment and selection were both internal and external. The results also revealed a significant link between recruitment and selection practices on organisational performance. The outcome of the study further showed that there was no significant link between recruitment and selection practices and the employment of competent staff. Political and socio-economic elements are primary influences on the selection of candidates. The study proposed that all prospective workers should be handled equally throughout the recruitment and selection processes. The study further recommended that formal guidelines and procedures on the recruitment and selection processes are appropriately adhered to, to guarantee that the best and most deserving workers are engaged.
Implementation of Covid-19 Response Policies from a Religious Perspective at Darussalam Islamic Boarding School, South of Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Muthahari Muhammad , Al Syahrin M Najeri
Published: September 2022

Islamic boarding schools are educational institutions that have the characteristic of having dormitories, students who are referred to as santri can not be separated from the activities of life in Islamic boarding schools for 24 hours. By carrying out face-to-face activities, of course, Islamic boarding schools must have carried out careful consideration of the worst possible risks that will be faced. For example, the emergence of a new cluster in the pesantren environment affects students, administrators, and even caregivers. The dormitory capacity which is generally limited, the facilities for bathing, washing, shared latrines, and the limited quantity of environmental sanitation of the pesantren are certain things that need attention. In general, the purpose of this study is to find out what policies or decisions are taken by the Darussalam Martapura Islamic Boarding School, especially at high schools, in the learning process of preventing Covid-19 in 2020-2021. In addition, it also seeks to find out how the implementation of the policy is seen from the aspects of communication, sources, especially the economic resources of the community or the economic conditions of the community, in addition to those owned by educational institutions, as well as the tendencies or behavior of the community and implementers. The results of this study indicate that in the context of the policies carried out by Islamic boarding schools in the implementation of the Covid-19 response policies in 2020-2021 from a religious perspective, it has been successfully implemented. The limits of ability from a social and economic point of view of some students found some information related to the limits of the willingness or ability of the students to carry out policies related to the efforts made in overcoming the spread of Covid-19 in the Islamic boarding school environment here including students and students and alumni who have provided information related to the limits of the ability to implement this policy because there is no coercion and pressure from both Islamic boarding schools and teachers, what is required is to increase piety.
Emotional intelligence and learning, and the role of ICTs
Authors: Chaidi Irene , Drigas Athanasios
Published: September 2022

The ability to understand one's feelings (emotional understanding) is an element and an important component of emotional intelligence. Understanding emotions are considered essential for the child's social and emotional functioning. This paper is a literature review of both the importance of socio-emotional learning in the child's life and emphasizes the role of parents and the school in its achievement.
The positive impact of Internet on the cognitive, psychological and social side of people’s personality with disabilities
Authors: Vouglanis Taxiarchis , Drigas Athanasios
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the present study was to indicate the positive effects of internet in the personality of the person with disabilities. Through literature review was found that internet improves the cognitive (reading, writing, internet’s use), social (cooperation, friendship) and psychological skills (anxiety, stress, self-esteem). In conclusion, internet, computers’ technology and e-learning are creating multiple effects in all aspects of people’s personality with disabilities.
Emotional intelligence and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chaidi Irene , Drigas Athanasios
Published: September 2022

In recent years there has been a growing interest in people on the autism spectrum emotional intelligence, an area in which people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show a deficit. The aim of this work is through a literature review of the research a) to illustrate the emotional development and education of individuals on the spectrum and b) to present the findings of eye-tracking, neuro-imaging, and electro-physiological studies in individuals with ASD because they allow researchers, among other things, to discover the mechanisms and how they affect emotion. (c) Raise questions about the development of educational methods aimed at enhancing the emotional development of individuals on the autism spectrum and subsequently the development of social skills.
The Effectiveness of Storytelling on Decision-Making of Preschool Children
Authors: Dadashzade Elahe , Ziaei Mohammad Ali , Pourasad Abdul-Hamid
Published: September 2022

Decision-making, as one of the cognitive processes, poses high importance in human life. This research aims to compare the effectiveness of storytelling and training on children's decision-making skills. In this study, 135 preschool girls were selected as multi-stage cluster sampling and randomly assigned into three groups: control group, training group, and storytelling. The research method was experimental, and its design was quasi-experimental, pre-test, and post-test. One-way variance and Tukey tests are utilized to analyze data, and the effect of teaching decision-making on children showed that the storytelling group's performance was higher than the training and control group. The results showed that storytelling has a significant effect on the decision-making skill of preschool students.
Research on the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Chemical Companies
Authors: Zhang Hongtao , BI Chuanchen
Published: September 2022

With the continuous development of social economy, the issue of corporate social responsibility has received extensive attention. At present, many companies directly incorporate social responsibility into their development and operations, and more and more companies have also begun to publish social responsibility reports to disclose their social and environmental information. According to a KPMG survey report, more than 75% of about 4,500 companies in 45 countries and regions around the world have released social responsibility reports. However, the regulatory authorities have not made mandatory requirements on the form of corporate social responsibility report information disclosure, and social responsibility information disclosure is a voluntary behavior of enterprises. It can be found from the social responsibility reports released by companies that most companies selectively disclose positive social responsibility information, but seldom disclose relatively negative social responsibility information in their reports, resulting in a low quality of corporate social responsibility reports. Then, the existing literature has not given a clear answer on the quality of information disclosure in corporate social responsibility reports and what impact it will have on financial performance. In this research, we would trying to find some evidence to answer this question.