bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment Strategies for Pediatric Intrarenal Ewing Sarcoma: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Flor Joan Marie , Huang Leo , Park Seohyeon , Pawliuk Colleen , Harvey Melissa , Lo Andrea , Oh Justin , de los reyes Thomas , Kim Soojin
Published: February 2024

Objective: This review aims to identify and summarize evidence available for the treatment of kidney Ewing sarcoma in children.Introduction: Renal Ewing sarcoma is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. Limited studies exist that describe treatment decisions and outcomes related to this highly aggressive malignancy. By mapping the literature, this review may guide management decisions and address knowledge gaps leading to future comparative research studies with higher level of evidence. Inclusion criteria: Studies about renal Ewing sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor in children (aged 18 years old and below) and the management done with description of the patients' demographics, tumor characteristics and outcomes of treatment will be included. Methods: Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar and grey literature sources will be searched from database inception to the present. Two reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts of all extracted articles. Any study presenting pediatric patients with Ewing sarcoma and a description of treatment and outcomes will go to full-text screening. Additionally, the reference lists and citing references of all included papers will be checked and citations deemed relevant will go through full-text screening. Any disagreements in citations to be included in the scoping review will be resolved by a third independent reviewer. A PRISMA flow diagram will be utilized to show the screening and selection process of articles. Data from the selected citations will be charted in a table displaying authors(s) and year of publication, patient and tumor characteristics, and treatment approaches tried alongside their outcomes.
A hydromechanical EFG-based Model for Numerical Simulation of Land Subsidence Induced by Groundwater Extraction in Anisotropic Aquifers
Authors: Tourei Ahmad , Pak Ali , Iranmanesh Mohammadali , Naddafnia Mohammadreza
Published: February 2024

This study presents a coupled hydromechanical element-free Galerkin (EFG) model to simulate land subsidence induced by groundwater withdrawal. The EFG algorithm was validated with unsaturated hydraulic and hydromechanical benchmark problems, showing satisfactory alignment with finite element method (FEM) and theoretical results. We inves-tigated the effects of groundwater pumping on land subsidence and hydraulic head variation in both isotropic and anisotropic aquifers considering unsaturated effects. Our results indicate a nonlinear correlation between groundwater extraction and both hydraulic head decrease and land subsidence increase. In anisotropic aquifers, initial discrepancies were observed between the EFG and FEM models, although final land subsidence and hydraulic head values were closely aligned. Com-parison results show that EFG's land subsidence and hydraulic head decline trends for anisotropic aquifer exhibit a better agreement with the isotropic model compared with those of the FEM. The parametric study revealed that the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio significantly affect land subsidence levels. While hydraulic conductivity influences the rate of hydraulic head decline and onset of subsidence, it has a minor effect on steady-state values. These findings emphasize the importance of accurate in-situ measurements of elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio for the precision and reliability of feasibility studies in groundwater extraction projects.
Bad science and good intentions prevent effective climate action
Authors: Taylor Graeme , Wadhams Peter , Visioni Daniele , Goreau Tom , Field Leslie , Kuswanto Heri
Published: February 2024

Although the 2015 Paris Agreement climate targets seem certain to be missed, only a few experts are questioning the adequacy of the current approach to limiting climate change and suggesting that additional approaches are needed to avoid unacceptable catastrophes. This article posits that selective science communication and unrealistically optimistic assumptions are obscuring the reality that greenhouse gas emissions reduction and carbon dioxide removal will not prevent climate change in the 21st Century. It also explains how overly pessimistic and speculative criticisms are behind opposition to considering potential climate cooling interventions as a complementary approach for mitigating dangerous warming. There is little evidence supporting assertions that: current greenhouse gas emissions reduction and removal methods can and will be ramped up in time to prevent dangerous climate change; overshoot of Paris Agreement targets will be temporary; net zero emissions will produce a safe, stable climate; the impacts of overshoot can be managed and reversed; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change models and assessments capture the full scope of prospective disastrous impacts; and the risks of climate interventions are greater than the risks of inaction. These largely unsupported assumptions distort risk assessments and discount the urgent need to develop a viable mitigation strategy. Owing to political pressures, many critical scientific concerns are ignored or preemptively dismissed in international negotiations. As a result, the present and growing crisis and the level of effort and time that will be required to control and rebalance the climate are severely underestimated. The paper concludes by outlining the key elements of a realistic policy approach that would augment current efforts to constrain dangerous warming by supplementing current mitigation approaches with climate cooling interventions.
Navigating missing data in multilevel autoregressive modeling: Consequences of missingness mechanisms and temporal patterns of missings on estimation performance
Authors: Simsa Benjamin , Revol Jordan , Lafit Ginette , Cloos Leonie , Adolf Janne , Ceulemans Eva
Published: February 2024

The multilevel autoregressive (MLAR) model is a popular method for quantifying affective inertia, the resistance of affective processes to change, using experience sampling method (ESM) data. Although missed observations are common in ESM, their effect on the estimation performance of the MLAR model remains underexplored. We investigate the effect of compliance level, specific missingness mechanisms (i.e., missing completely at random versus tail-based missingness), and temporal patterns (whether or not missings occur consecutively) on the bias and variance of the fixed autoregressive effect estimator in the MLAR model. In a simulation study, we show that the presence of missing data increases both bias and variance. The bias is more severe when compliance is low and when the missingness is tail-based (i.e., when the missingness depends on the process value itself). The conclusions hold regardless of whether the random autoregressive effects are estimated or not. We corroborate these results by setting data of an empirical ESM dataset to missing following the same principles. To lower the estimation bias and variance, we recommend making design choices to promote compliance and/or increase the probability of data being missing completely at random: decreasing participant burden by using shorter questionnaires, providing adequate incentives to participants, and considering using planned missingness designs or episode-based sampling.
Are There Place-Based Disparities in Mortality Risk? Findings from Two Longitudinal Studies of Aging
Authors: Atherton Olivia E.
Published: February 2024

Objective: Most work on rural-urban health disparities has been conducted with population-level data, which is limited in its capacity for causal inferences about individuals and lifespan health. The present study leverages individual-level longitudinal data, spanning up to 29 years, to understand how rurality-urbanicity predicts risk for all-cause mortality; whether these associations hold above and beyond socioeconomic status; and whether the association between rurality-urbanicity and mortality risk varies by sex, socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, and partner status.Methods: The present pre-registered study uses data from two large longitudinal studies of U.S. Americans (HRS and MIDUS; total N = ~55,000), who reported on their socio-demographic characteristics, had their addresses linked to geographical indicators (i.e., rural-urban continuum codes), and have data from the National Death Index regarding vital status and survival time. Results: Using cox proportional hazards regression models, findings showed that suburban and rural residents were at a 12% and 18% greater risk for earlier mortality compared to urban residents in HRS, but the associations between rurality-urbanicity and mortality risk were non-significant in MIDUS. The longitudinal associations between rurality-urbanicity and mortality risk were largely independent of socioeconomic status. Finally, there was only one statistically significant interaction effect, suggesting the strength and direction of the association between rurality-urbanicity and mortality risk was largely the same across sociodemographic subgroups. Conclusions: There is tentative evidence suggesting that rurality-urbanicity is an important social determinant of longevity, over and above other sociodemographic factors. Future studies should explore how to promote longer and healthier lives among rural residents.
Age Differences in Prosociality Across the Adult Lifespan: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pollerhoff Lena , Reindel David Felix , Kanske Philipp , Li Shu-Chen , Reiter Andrea M.F.
Published: February 2024

Lifespan developmental theories and research suggest a positive effect of adult age on prosociality. However, this effect lacks consistency, with many studies excluding the period of midlife. This study summarized cross-sectional studies on adult age and prosociality, combining 120 (independent) samples (n = 103,829) in a lifespan meta-analysis approach. Linear and quadratic age effects on prosociality were analyzed, as well as comparisons between younger, middle-aged, and older adults. Prosociality was assessed via behavioral measures and self-reports. In both these domains, results indicated small linear age effects and higher prosociality in older compared to younger adults, supporting the hypothesis of increased prosociality in older age. Additionally, leveraging open data sets (64/120 independent samples), predominantly unpublished, we found quadratic age effects on behavioral prosociality. Middle-aged adults exhibited higher behavioral and self-reported prosociality than younger adults, but no differences between middle-aged and older adults were observed. This meta-analysis offers new perspectives on age trajectories of prosociality, revealing midlife as a potentially important phase of pronounced prosociality.
Group-based injustice, but not group-based economic inequality, predicts political violence across 18 African countries
Authors: Bartusevicius Henrikas , Sakstrup Casper
Published: February 2024

Political violence causes immense human suffering. Scholars pinpoint economic in- equalities between ethnic groups as a major cause of such violence. However, the relationships between group-based inequality, group-based injustice, and political violence are not fully understood. Combining insights from social psychological research on collective action and political science research on civil conflict, we underscore that it is group-based injustice that motivates violence. A perception that one’s group has been treated unfairly tends to produce conflict-related emotions (e.g., anger). By contrast, a mere perception that one’s group is of lower economic status rarely produces such emotions. Furthermore, perceived economic disadvantage negatively relates to perceived political efficacy, which may dissuade engagement in political violence. To assess these arguments, we analyzed attitudes toward, intentions to engage, and self-reported engagement in political violence, utilizing probability samples from 18 African countries (N > 37,000). We found that measures of group-based perceived injustice, whether controlling or not for group-based economic inequality, predicted all violent outcomes; whereas measures of perceived group-based inequality predicted (negatively) self-reported participation in violence but not the other outcomes. We advance both social psychological and political science literatures, suggesting that group-based injustice and inequality are distinct constructs, relating to political violence via different pathways.
Cognitive flexibility as the shifting of brain network flows by flexible neural representations
Authors: Cole Michael W.
Published: February 2024

Our ability to overcome habitual responses in favor of goal-driven novel responses depends on frontoparietal cognitive control networks (CCNs). Recent and ongoing work is revealing the brain network and information processes that allow CCNs to generate cognitive flexibility. First, working memory processes necessary for flexible maintenance and manipulation of goal-relevant representations were recently found to depend on short-term network plasticity (in contrast to persistent activity) within CCN regions. Second, compositional (i.e., abstract and reusable) rule representations maintained within CCNs have been found to reroute network activity flows from stimulus to response, enabling flexible behavior. Together these findings suggest cognitive flexibility is enhanced by CCN-coordinated network mechanisms, utilizing compositional reuse of neural representations and network flows to flexibly accomplish task goals.
From Self to Group to Community: Integrating Developmental and Multi-Level Approaches in Somatic Therapy
Authors: Feldman Boaz B. , Tupikina Liubov , Santolini Marc
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a multi-level therapeutic framework for trauma healing, integrating Stephen Porges’ Polyvagal Theory with principles from somatic psychology, developmental, evolutionary, and contemplative sciences. The framework emphasizes the often-overlooked role of interpersonal relationships in nervous system regulation, addressing these relational dimensions across individual, dyadic, group, and community levels. As a case study, we present the "Relational Embodiment" 2-weeks residency program, which illustrates how somatic and relational practices—such as meditation, mindfulness, and group processes—enhance self-regulation, co-regulation, and collective co-regulation. By focusing on attention regulation, social engagement, and perspective-taking, the residency program demonstrates the potential of relational embodiment in therapeutic settings. Finally, we discuss the limitations of this approach and propose future directions for refining and expanding this integrative framework, which aims to fill gaps in current therapeutic practices where relational dynamics are often overlooked.
Investigating the validity of assessments involving picture stimuli across cultures and contexts: Evidence from young children in Kenya and the U.S.
Authors: Zhu Rebecca , Nduku Tabitha , Engelmann Jan , gopnik alison
Published: February 2024

Many childhood assessments rely on picture stimuli, but children in diverse early environments possess varying amounts of experience with pictures. Two preregistered experiments, conducted in 2022-2023, investigated whether picture assessments are valid across diverse contexts. Children from Mombasa County, Kenya in their first month of formal schooling (n = 192; 2-7 years; 85 females; all Black) performed more accurately on an object vocabulary task than a picture vocabulary task (β = .07, p < .001) (Experiment 1). Children from the San Francisco Bay Area (n = 96; 2-3 years; 52 females; predominantly White and Asian) performed similarly on object and picture vocabulary tasks (β = .02, p = .60) (Experiment 2). Consequently, assessments involving pictures may underestimate children’s capacities, in some contexts.
Surprise impairs perception of surprising, and incidental, events
Authors: Ward Emma Kate , Press Clare
Published: February 2024

When environmental regularities change, new observations should be weighted more highly than old observations, to allow model updating in a fluctuating world. These changes influence learning rates, but it is less clear how they influence perception. A recent theory suggests that surprising observations trigger reactive processes which increase sensory gain in the subsequent few hundred ms. Such processes would generate more reliable sensory estimates of surprising events, thereby optimising accurate model updating. To test this account, we asked whether surprising events boost detection of the surprising events themselves, at 200-300 ms delay relative to 0-50 ms delay, and of other incidental events presented simultaneously. In four online experiments, participants were required to detect a feature of visual stimuli presented on the circumference of a circle, alongside presence of a central stimulus. Circumference stimulus location and orientation followed an environmental regularity which changed once without warning during the task. We modelled a surprise-induced weighting factor, based on Bayesian Changepoint Modelling, to ask whether the distribution change inflated hitrates both of features of the circumference event, which themselves generated the surprise, and of simultaneous central events. We instead, unexpectedly, found consistently lower hitrates on surprising trials for all event types. These findings suggest that surprising observations do not automatically increase sensory gain across channels, but instead that foraging for new information operates slowly, or that neural error processing enables model updating without enhancing perception.
Psychophysical distance between visually-presented pairs of ratios
Authors: Gomez David Maximiliano , Dartnell Pablo
Published: February 2024

Research has long investigated adults’ capacity to compare numerosities presented visually as sets of dots. It has been proposed that results are best explained by assuming a logarithmic distance model between numerosities. In contrast, research about the capacity to compare ratios of numerosities has received less attention. In this paper, we directly contrasted the linear and logarithmic distance models in the context of a visual ratio comparison task. We present data from two experiments where adult participants completed a visual ratio comparison task with stimuli consisting of ratios of numerosities of sets of dots. Results revealed that, at the group level, the logarithmic distance model provided a superior fit to participants' responses and response times compared to the linear model. However, at the individual level, results were less conclusive. Overall, our findings suggest that visual ratio comparison follows psychophysical laws similar to those observed in numerosity comparison, contributing to disentangle the possible underlying cognitive mechanisms processes.
Gendered housing matters: toward gender-responsive data and policy making
Authors: Stone Wendy , Sharam Andrea , Goodall Zoë , reynolds margaret , Sinclair Sarah , Faulkner Debbie , James Amity , Zhang Thomas
Published: February 2024

With peoples’ gender having a real impact of their ability to find safe, affordable housing, new AHURI research highlights that policy makers and support services need to develop secure and accurate data collection and collation practices in order to improve outcomes. It is critically important that researchers can provide confidence to participants and end-users that gender-related data will be gathered respectfully, treated securely, stored securely and used only for legitimate evidence and policy purposes.This research presents evidence that housing opportunities, pathways, assistance and impacts are gendered. This is particularly the case when the often co-existing and cumulative lifetime impacts of educational attainment, critical life events, family formation and/or relationship dissolution are included in the analysis. For example, for people aged 18—34, there is only a marginal difference in housing precarity (i.e. the condition of having unstable or insecure housing that does not meet adequate standards of affordability, quality or security) experienced overall between male and female respondents; however, for lone parents, 10.4 per cent of lone fathers are in a precarious housing situation while 14.6 per cent of lone mothers experience precarity—a reflection of the gendered nature of housing precarity.The research also developed the Gendered Housing Framework through which gender-responsiveness can be assessed in housing and homelessness policy and practice, including data adequacy in census, survey and administrative data collections.
Neither Elite nor Grassroots Networks: Educational Change Through Mid-Level Bureaucrats
Authors: Trinidad Jose Eos
Published: February 2024

Studies of networks for educational change often focus on elite networks or street-level bureaucrats, with little attention to staff at the middle level who arguably have immense potential to effect change. This paper theorizes educational change through mid-level bureaucrats using the case of a nonprofit organization that places its members in large public education bureaucracies. It suggests the power of networked staff to coordinate policies and reduce organizational friction, and how a strategic patchwork can accomplish these outcomes. In particular, the paper explores the role of (1) intentional placement, (2) reputational distinction, and (3) inter-cohort collaborative platforms in influencing this change. Theoretically, it furthers the study of education, state bureaucracy, and civil society by illustrating how a nonprofit can impact large government agencies through strategic mid-level networks. Practically, it illustrates organizational designs to encourage and accelerate civil service participation, an important locus for social justice and educational development.
Disaster, Facial Recognition Technology, and the Problem of the Corpse
Authors: O'Neill Christopher
Published: February 2024

The overlapping disasters of the Australian 2019-2020 bushfire season and the COVID-19 pandemic, figured alongside the imaginary of projected future disasters, have provided a space of legitimation to experiment with controversial facial recognition technologies (FRTs). Drawing upon interviews conducted with senior Australian government administrators and researchers, I argue that FRTs are being used to respond to the trauma of disaster through its novel mediation and refiguration, tied to discourses of resilience which have been used to justify the expansion of FRT as a means for relief and the provision of aid. This legitimation however is challenged by the difficulty FRT encounters in capturing the face in its vital and its mortal malleability. What I term ‘the problem of the corpse’ serves to bring to light the ‘paranoid’ gaze of the biometric apparatus, disrupting the aim of using biometric infrastructure to produce a ‘new normal’ in the ongoing aftermath of disaster.
A New Naming Convention for Andean Khipus
Authors: Brezine Carrie J. , Clindaniel Jon , Ghezzi Ivan , Hyland Sabine , Medrano Manuel
Published: February 2024

Since the 1970s, hundreds of khipus—Andean knotted-string recording devices—have been named after academic researchers. This practice disassociates individual khipus from their places of origin and reifies scientific inequity. Here, a new convention of the form KH#### (e.g., KH0125) is proposed, which we believe represents a more neutral, direct, and accurate nomenclature. The change is implemented in the Open Khipu Repository (OKR), the largest khipu database.
Income Disparities among Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States
Authors: Whitehead Savannah Jolie
Published: February 2024

The research question at hand delves into the disparities in income or yearly earnings among racial and ethnic groups in the United States, while holding all other variables constant. This question is of paramount importance as it explores the existence of racial discrimination within the United States' supposedly equal-opportunity meritocratic society. By investigating the potential differences in income between individuals with the same level of education, we can shed light on the presence of systemic racial bias and its impact on economic outcomes.The population of interest in this study encompasses individuals from various racial and ethnic backgrounds residing in the United States (Sandefur, G. D., & Pahari, A. (1989). By examining different racial and ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, and Caucasians, we can gain a comprehensive understanding of income disparities across the nation . A diverse sample will provide a nuanced perspective on the influence of race in determining economic success (Greenman, E., & Xie, Y. (2008).To address the question at hand, it is crucial to distinguish between causality and correlation. While it may be tempting to attribute income disparities solely to racial discrimination, it is important to consider other factors that contribute to these disparities. Socioeconomic background, education, occupation choice, and geographic location are just a few examples of variables that may confound the relationship between race and income. Recognizing the distinction between causality and correlation allows for a more accurate analysis of the impact of race on earnings.
Partisan Alignment and the Propensity to Choose a Job in a Government Ministry
Authors: Gilad Sharon , Sulitzeanu-Kenan Raanan , Levi-Faur David
Published: February 2024

The global experience of political polarization, and politicians’ attacks on democratic institutions, render individuals’ identification with the governing coalition, or with its opposition, a likely antecedent of their attraction to work for government organizations. This article examines to what extent individuals’ partisan alignment with the governing coalition, and perceptions of its actions as a threat to democracy, shape attraction to government jobs. Findings are based on a two-stage survey with 1,861 Israeli panel respondents, aged 21-30, carried out during the government’s attempt to undermine the legal system (hereafter: the Judicial Overhaul), and a follow-up survey experiment with 1,211 of the respondents. Against the politically neutral explanations of previous research, we show that partisan alignment affects the propensity to choose a job in a government ministry versus other sectors. We find mixed evidence in support of the proposition that perceptions of the Judicial Overhaul as a threat to democracy underlie this effect.
Conspiracy thinking and place-based consciousness
Authors: Göbel Sascha , Lang Antonia
Published: February 2024

Conspiracy beliefs are increasingly associated with various crises of democracy. While social scientists have mainly treated the topic with an eye to asymmetries in conspiracy support across the political spectrum, ideological explanations of conspiracy endorsement have lately come to be questioned. In response, we turn to the societal conflicts that underlie conspiracy theories’ threat to democracy and social cohesion. Focusing on a re-emerging division in society-the rural-urban divide-we identify overlap in the factors that promote both rural-urban intergroup conflict and conspiracy thinking. Against this background, we theorize systematic differences in conspiracism between rural and urban dwellers along growing levels of place-based attachments and grievances. To study our conjecture, we rely on original survey data from five European countries and conduct descriptive and moderation analyses. Findings suggest that ruralites are more receptive to conspiracy theories than urbanites and even outpace the latter in levels of conspiracy thinking as place-based grievances escalate. We discuss implications for the health of democracy.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pelatihan Soft Skill Digital Marketing di Desa Kemujan Kecamatan Karimunjawa
Authors: Kurniawan Fajar Sari , Winarni Endra , Retnandari Septina Dwi , Widilestari Christine
Published: February 2024

Dari sejumlah pewirausaha di Desa Kemujan, diketahui bahwa masih sangat sedikit yang melakukan pemasaran produk atau jasa melalui media online. Kebanyakan mereka melakukan aktivitas usaha secara manual (offline), sehingga selama pandemi praktis tidak ada penjualan atau pemasukan bagi para pewirausaha Desa Kemujan. Kemampuan pengelolaan pemasaran produk atau jasa setidaknya didukung oleh dua unsur utama yaitu (1) Keinginan/ motivasi yang kuat dari pewirausaha untuk memasarkan atau mempromosikan sebuah produk atau jasa yang ditekuni melalui media online; (2) Dikuasai pengetahuan dan keterampilan teknik promosi, dalam hal ini adalah soft skill digital marketing. Tujuan Kegiatan PPM di Desa Kemujan, Karimunjawa adalah memberikan penguatan keterampilan pada kelompok pelaku usaha dalam memasarkan atau mempromosikan sebuah produk atau jasa yang ditekuni melalui media online seperti website dan marketplace agar bisa menjangkau konsumen dan calon konsumen dengan lebih luas dan cepat. Metode diterapkan dalam bentuk pelatihan dan pendampingan pemasaran digital, yaitu pembuatan content sebagai media peningkatan akses promosi dan penggunaan media sosial untuk promosi online produk atau jasa yang dimiliki. Simpulan kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat dapat memanfaatkan digital sebagai sarana pemasaran produk atau jasanya secara online untuk jangkauan pemasaran yang lebih luas agar lebih dikenal oleh konsumen.
Upaya Meningkatkan Niat Berwirausaha Pemuda Pemudi di Kelurahan Sidamanik Kecamatan Sidamanik Kabupaten Simalungun
Authors: Tambak Dian Gustrazaiman Purba , Sihite Toga Sehat
Published: February 2024

Para mahasiswa atau pemuda/pemudi di masyarakat, sebaiknya memiliki minat berwirausaha dan ketertarikan untuk membekali diri yang siap diterapkan setelah lulus kelak. Pengabdian in untuk meningkatkan minat berwirausaha pemuda/pemudi di Kelurahan Sidamanik Kecamatan Sidamanik Kabupaten Simalungun. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi minat seseorang dalam berwirausaha yaitu 1. berawal dari apa yang terjadi pada diri sendiri, 2. Berdasarkaan rasa kesukaan 3. melalui pengamatan yang berulang-ulang, 4. kegiatan sehari-hari, 5. ditemukan karena dasar ketidaksengajaan. Hasilnya, bahwa materi pengabdian sangat membantu dalam meningkatkan minat berwirausaha. Dari hasil pengabdian ini diharapkan nantinya akan ada tindak lanjut. Dari hasil yang di dapat bahwa pentingnya wirausahwan dipengaruhi oleh motivasi yang besar untuk pemuda/pemudi yang ada di Kelurahan Sidamanik Kecamatan Sidamanik Kabupaten Simalungun.
Arti Penting Pendidikan Formal Bagi Santri Di Pondok Pesantren Riyadus Al-Islamy Gunung Pati Kota Semarang
Authors: Soelistijanto Soelistijanto , Widiastuti Eko Heri , Nuryanti Nuryanti , Slamet Slamet
Published: February 2024

Pondok Pesantren Riyadus Al-Islami yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang memiliki santri yang cukup banyak dan berasal dari berbagai wilayahya terutama dari daerah Jawa Tengah. Pendidikan dilaksanakan di pondok pesantren ini menekankan pada ilmu agama, namun di era globalisasi ini bekal ilmu agama dirasa masih belum mencukup untuk menghadapi tantangan di masa depan, para santri juga perlu mendapatkan bekal ilmu umum. Dengan melihat tantangan dan kebutuhan para santri tersebut tim pengabdian masyarakat dari Universitas Ivet merasa perlu untuk menyampaikan tentang pentingnya Pendidikan formal bagi para santri khususnya di Pondok Pesantren Riyadus Al-Islamy yang berlokasi di Gunungpati Kota Senmarang. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan penyampaian materi tentang arti pentingnya pendidikan formal bagi para santri, kemudian 2 (dua) bulan berikutnya dilakukan evaluasi. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan, maka luaran yang ditemukan adalah motivasi santri untuk melanjutkan Pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi meningkat, peran pengasuh untuk meningkatkan motivasi santri untuk melanjutkan Pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi juga meningkat. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan semakin bertambahnya jumlah santri yang melanjutkan pendidikannya ke jenjang perguruan tinggi.
Pengenalan Manipulasi Data dengan Menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman R pada Guru SMK Sumber Ilmu Tulangan
Authors: Fitriani Fenny , Indrasetianingsih Artanti , Pramesty Maria Hernita Elvine , Amin Mochammad Iqbal Nasrulloh Al
Published: February 2024

Data processing is one of the basics that must be mastered by researchers and people who work with data. One of the people who work with data is a teacher. The data owned by the teacher can be utilized by a teacher in carrying out the classroom action research process. However, the contents of the data that are owned may not necessarily be directly processed. So, it is necessary to have treatment carried out on data such as data manipulation. In the data manipulation process this can be done with the help of software R. Based on this, dedication is carried out in the form of an introduction to data manipulation given to teachers at SMK Sumber Ilmu Reinforcement by using software R. Activities After the activities are carried out, the teacher can better understand how the process correct data manipulation with the help of R software
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Melalui Pelatihan Video Editing Bagi Guru Tk di Kabupaten Demak
Authors: Pratama Afis , Angga Dewi Widya Novi , Furi Atika Zahra , Sudomo R Irlanto
Published: February 2024

Guru kreatif adalah yang mampu mengolah sesuatu yang terlihat sulit dan tidak mungkin menjadi sesuatu yang menyenangkan. Demikian halnya dengan pembelajaran metode menulis, membaca dan berhitung dimana orang tua siswa mengharapkan agar anaknya ketika melanjutkan ke pendidikan sekolah dasar menemukan kesulitan yang baru yang dapat menantangnya dalam belajar. Salah satu upaya untuk menunjang kreativitas guru adalah dengan kemampuan dalam membuat video pembelajaran. Video dapat memberi guru lebih banyak fleksibilitas dan mempelajari prespektif dari siswa. Video dapat dijadikan media pembelajaran yang lebih efektif. Penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis video diminati anak, hasil belajarnya juga lebih baik setelah menggunakan video pembelajaran.

Pelatihan ini bertujuan agar Guru dapat membuat pembelajaran yang menarik dan inovatif dapat juga memberikan tampilan yang bervariatif dalam penyampaian materi dalam proses pembelajaran dan memberikan banyak pengetahuan dan penambahan materi pembelajaran bagi Guru di sekolah.  Setelah mengikuti pelatihan ini, guru memiliki wawasan dalam mengembangkan video pembelajaran yang inovatif sehingga dapat menjadi sumber belajar yang menarik bagi peserta didik.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Komposter Aerobik di Kelurahan Pakintelan Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang
Authors: Mulyawati Isti , Rifandi Raditya Ahmad , Zulfa Nely , Andriyani Sofi Diah
Published: February 2024

Rumah tangga merupakan salah satu sumber utama penyumbang sampah setiap harinya. Penanganan sampah dapat dilakukan mulai dari sumbernya terlebih dahulu, terutama untuk penanganan sampah organik yang belum bisa didaur ulang seperti halnya sampah an organik. Salah satu langkah untuk penanganan sampah organik adalah dijadikan kompos. Pelatihan pembuatan komposter yang dilakukan di Kelurahan Pakintelan bertujan untuk mengurangi timbulan sampah ornagik sekaligus pemanfaatan sampah organik menjadi kompos. Pelatihan yang dilakukan adalah melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan metode diskusi, ceramah, tanya jawab dan praktek pembuatan komposter beserta cara pembuatan kompos. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai Oktober di Kelurahan Pakintelan Gunungpati Semarang. Pelatihan ini memberikan informasi tentang penanganan sampah organic yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk dijadikan kompos sekaligus menyadarkan masyarakat untuk cinta lingkungan. Dibutuhkan kesadaran masyarakat terutama dalam menangani sampah dimana permaslahan sampah sudah menjadi masalah dunia, dengan penangan yang berawal dari sumbernya diharapkan dapat mengurangi dampak negative sampah sekaligus menyadarkan masyarakat untuk tetap menjaga kelestarian lingkungan.Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah dengan dialog interaktif yang memberikan kesempatan kepada pembina, pengurus, serta anggota masyarakat untuk menyampaikan pendapat, tanggapan maupun pertanyaan  serta seluas-luasnya.
Pelatihan Aplikasi Camtasia Dalam Peningkatan Kegiatan Pembelajaran Para Guru SMP Negeri 25 Semarang
Authors: Wibowo Sasono , Gamayanto Indra , Suharnawi Suharnawi , Harini Harini
Published: February 2024

SMP N 25 Semarang merupakan Sekolah berstandar Nasional, yang harus selalu mengembangkan proses pembelajaran, sejalan dengan dunia pendidikan dan perkembangan teknologi informasi, maka  pihak Sekolah dan Guru termotivasi untuk bisa memanfaatkan teknologi informassi tersebut dalam memajukan dan meningkatkan kualitas Pendidikan, terutama dalam proses pembelajaran yang bisa dilakukan secara online, dalam bentuk media video. Kegiatan PKM ini berupa tutorial pembuatan video pembelajaran dengan aplikasi Camtasia untuk kemudian diupload di Drive yang ada, untuk bisa diunduh Siswa setiap saat, sehingga pembelajaran tetap bisa diikuti Siswa disaat Guru berhalangan untuk tatap muka.
Solusi Kesejahteraan Hidup Mengubah Sampah Jadi Emas
Authors: Oktoberty Oktoberty , Harini Harini , Tugino Tugino , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: February 2024

Entrepreneurship diberikan kepada mahasiswa yang merupakan anggota masyarakat daerah yang memerlukan teori kewirausahaan dari para dosen namun juga perlu mendapatkan  informasi dari pelaku usaha yang sukses baik secara lembaga maupun mandiri sehingga Fakultas Kemaritiman menghadirkan narasumber narasumber dari dalam dan dari luar kampus yang memiliki loyalitas terhadap pertumbuhan dan masa depan masyarakat menuju masyarakat sejahtera. Tujuan diadakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan judul : Solusi kesejahteraan hidup mengubah sampah menjadi emas yang dilakukan oleh para dosen Entrepreneurship di Fakultas Kemaritiman Unisvet dan seorang pelaku usaha pengolahan tanaman buah yang merupakan seorang anggota konsultanik adalah menambahkan pemahaman materi tentang pentingnya berentrepreneurship bagi masyarakat luas khususnya para calon lulusan sarjana muda yang mewakili keluarga menerima penguatan berentrepreneur dengan informasi positip dari pelaku sukses dibidang jasa pengadaan, pengolahan dan pemasaran produk tanaman buah sebagai nara sumber yang ditekuninya selama 16 tahun sejah tahun 2007 dengan kesimpulan bahwa solusi kesejahteraan hidup mengubah sampah menjadi emas memiliki 3 pilar mandiri standar dasar yaitu mandiri pupuk, mandiri bibit dan mandiri obat berupa peningkatan penghasilan keluarga maupun melaksanakan peraturan pemerintah yang berlaku.
Pendampingan Orang Tua Pada Anak di Era New Normal
Authors: Satyarini Marhaeni Dwi , Setyaningsih Sri , Marliyah Lili , Azahra Alifta Lutfia
Published: February 2024

Era new normal paska pandemic covid-19 memunculkan tatanan baru, seperti penggunaan gadget untuk belajar siswa selama masa pandemi, saat ini lebih dimanfaatkan untuk berinteraksi dan mengakses media sosial. Fenomena ini berdampak pada tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak menjadi lebih berat. PPM ini bertujuan  memperluas wawasan  orang tua dalam pendampingan anak pada aspek religi, sosial, pendidikan dan penyediaan makanan sehat dan bergizi untuk tumbuh kembang anak di era new normal. Pelaksanaan PPM dengan metode presentasi, tanya jawab, diskusi dengan contoh-contoh makanan sehat dan bergizi. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan para orang tua telah memahami dan membiasakan anak menjalankan ibadah, nilai religi dan sosial. Pendampingan pada aspek pendidikan dihadapkan pada kendala orang tua tidak memahami materi pelajaran dan tidak menguasai penggunaan gadget, sehingga orang tua tidak yakin benar, anak sedang belajar atau sedang bermain gadget. Pendampingan pada aspek kesehatan dihadapkan pada kendala kurangnya pengetahuan dan variasi jenis makanan sehat dan bergizi. Makanan frozen menjadi pilihan yang murah,  mudah dan disukai anak, tanpa memperhatikan kandungan gizinya.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Lubang Biopori untuk Meningkatkan Konservasi di Kelurahan Sembungharjo Kecamatan Genuk Kota Semarang
Authors: Nuryuliyani Dwi , Sari Siti Nurindah , Khasanah Khasanah , Nayazik Akhmad
Published: February 2024

Pembuatan resapan lubang biopori memliki dampak yang positif dalam pengelolaan lingkungan hidup terutama pada konservasi, salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan resiko yang terjadi di kelurahan Sembungharjo kecamatan Genuk dikarenakan banyaknya pembangunan. dengan adanya Teknik Lubang Biopori mengatasi dampak negatif yang terjadi yaitu banjir atau rob di daerah lahan yang kurang peresapannya. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat adalah 1. Meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat Kelurahan Sembungharjo dalam hal konservasi lingkungan sekitar dengan menggunakan Teknik lubang biopori. 2. Memberikan pelatihan ketrampilan pembuatan lubang biopori agar berfungsi sebagai resapan tanah yang baik. Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode demonstrasi yaitu melakukan praktik pembuatan Resapan lubang biopori di halaman kelurahan dan memberikan kesempatan kepada warga masyarakat untuk menyampaikan pendapat terkait pelatihan pembuatan Resapan lubang biopori. Simpulan hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1. Masyarakat kelurahan Sembungharjo memliki kesadaran dalam hal konservasi lingkungan sekitar. Hal ini dibuktikan pemahaman masayarakat terkait dampak negative dari pembangunan 2. Masyarakat kelurahan Sembungharjo mampu melakukan praktik pembuatan lubang biopori di halaman kelurahan.
Pelatihan Re-Mapping ECU untuk Menunjang Kegiatan Service Gratis di Kantor Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang
Authors: Bahtiar Fahmy Zuhda , Mahendra Sena , Abdillah Fuad , Mangiri Herry Sulendro
Published: February 2024

Tantangan yang semakin nyata dan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi ini harus disikapi dengan ketrampilan-ketrampilan yang terus menerus ditingkatkan khususnya di Tingkat Perguruan Tinggi. Dengan adanya peningkatan kompetensi ini maka akan mengikis ketertinggalan. Peningkatan kompetensi harus diupayakan secara bersama-sama dan harus merata disetiap unsur atau elemen sehingga menjadi sinergi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa dan membekalinya saat mereka lulus nantinya. Selain itu meningkatkan kesejahteraan bagi keluarga yang kurang mampu melalui kegiatan service gratis. Harapannya kompetensi yang sudah dimiliki oleh mahasiswa dan pengalaman melaksanakan kegiatan service gratis di instansi dapat diteruskan Ketika mereka lulusa nantinya sehingga akan bermanfaat bagi sesama.
Longitudinal magnetoresistance of uniaxially deformed n-type silicon
Authors: Bigozha O.D. , Seitmuratov A.Zh. , Taimuratova L.U. , Kazbekova B.K. , Aimaganbetova Z.K.
Published: February 2024

The study of Galvano-magnetic effects (as well as tensoeffects) in silicon under extreme conditions allows not only to identify the mechanisms of these effects but also to identify the possibility of creating gaussmeters, infrared detectors, sensitive strain gauges, amplifiers and generators of a wide frequency range. The reliability of the mechanism of negative magnetoresistance was verified using uniaxial elastic deformation of the studied crystals. Uniaxial deformation excludes interline transitions of electrons, as a result of which negative magnetoresistance disappears with an increase in uniaxial pressure. When cubic symmetry is violated, anisotropic phenomena occur in such crystals. The multipath of the isoenergetic surface of the bottom of the silicon conduction band causes anisotropies of the effective mass and relaxation time, which are associated with the features of the transfer phenomenon. In particular, magnetoresistance (piezoresistance), which is the most sensitive to the anisotropy of the iso energy surface. The influence of the latter on magnetoresistance is most clearly revealed in the region of strong magnetic fields, where the magnetoresistance is saturated since the longitudinal magnetoresistance is entirely due to the anisotropy of electron mobility.
Influence of the environment on the morphology, optical and electrical characteristics of the PEDOT:PSS polymer
Authors: Rozhkova X.S. , Aimukhanov А.К. , Zeinidenov A.K. , Alexeev А.М.
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the results of studying the influence of the environment on the surface structure, optical and electrical characteristics of the PEDOT:PSS film. The studies have been carried out in three different types of atmosphere under the same conditions of thermal annealing of the films. It has been established that the modification of the surface of a polymer film with ethanol and isopropanol in vacuum, in a nitrogen atmosphere, and in the air atmosphere leads to a change in the surface morphology and the optical electric transport properties of the polymer. Depending on the environment, when the PEDOT:PSS film is modified with a certain concentration of ethyl and isopropyl alcohols, the absorption spectra show a shift in the absorption maximum responsible for PEDOT to the short-wavelength region of the spectrum, as well as a decrease in the absorption peak of the part of the spectrum responsible for the absorption of the aromatic fragment PSS. It is identified that the structural features of the PEDOT:PSS surface morphology affect the electrical transport parameters of the films: Rh is the resistance of the PEDOT:PSS polymer film, Rext is the charge carrier transfer resistance at the PEDOT:PSS/electrode interface, keff is the effective charge carrier extraction rate and τeff is the effective transit time of charge carriers. The optimal technological parameters for film production have been determined, at which the electrical transport properties of PEDOT:PSS polymer film are increased.
Numerical research of characteristic mixing times of isothermal three-component steam-gas systems
Authors: Zhussanbayeva A.K. , Mukamedenkyzy V. , Kossov V.N. , Akzholova A.A.
Published: February 2024

Multicomponent diffusion in gases is characterized by a number of effects that are not observed in binary diffusion. Analysis of existing works shows that convective instability may occur in some systems with significantly different diffusion coefficients with certain geometric and thermophysical characteristics. Stability analysis allows determining the spectrum of parameters at which a transition from a diffusive state to a convective is possible. However, this approach does not allow the researchers to investigate the dynamics of the process. Therefore, this work aims to describe emergence and evolution of convective flows in threecomponent systems and assess the influence of the initial composition on the occurrence of concentration gravitational convection. The main part of the work presents a mathematical model describing the occurrence of convective flows based on the splitting scheme according to physical parameters. Numerical data on the concentration fields of the gas with the highest molecular weight at various time points is obtained. It is established that curvature of the isoconcentration lines of the diffusing components can be associated with instability of the mechanical equilibrium of the system. Degree of curvature is determined by the initial concentration of components of the mixture. The obtained data can be used to determine the main characteristics of mass transfer used in calculations related to combined heat and mass transfer in a wide range of thermophysical parameters.