bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of Biotechnology for Characterization of Plants and Pests as the Key Components of Plant Protection and Production Strategies: A Review
Authors: Alemu Melaku
Published: September 2020

The second Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDG), among the seventeen SDG, is concerned with the pursuit of global food security and agricultural sustainability, which become the key to the success of the entire SDG. Whereas agricultural production and productivity are heavily threatened by the incidence of pests that inflict huge losses in various forms. This calls for prompt applications of biotechnology for the fast, accurate and reliable means for characterization of plant generic resources and pests as it is the pre-requisite and gateway for designing appropriate plant protection and production strategies. It is imperative that pests be identified properly so that judicious use of the literature can be made and sustainable management strategies can be implemented at the right stage. To this end, the application of biotechnology has made significant advances for reliable characterization of plant genetic resources as well as accurate diagnosis of pests, study of their genetic diversity and variability, detailed mechanisms of their transmission and evolutionary relationships. Accordingly, this review article covers the comprehensive account of the various molecular techniques, genome mapping and OMICS sciences utilized for characterization plants and pests that ultimately allow the detailed study of the biology and epidemiology of pests at any stage of their life cycle. The resulting data are eventually employed for enhancing successful implementation of sustainable plant protection and production strategies. In conclusion, the increasing projections of transboundary pests, environmental and abiotic factors together with the continuous scientific advancements and breakthroughs have made biotechnology to be an important engine of bioeconomy for generating invaluable products, processes and services.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 247-288
Impact of Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Yield Components in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under Field Conditions
Authors: Soomro Abdul Samad , Soomro Abdul Sattar , Mazari Shabana Naz
Published: September 2020

The exercise of using (PGRs), especially Gibberellic acid and in field of agriculture has become commercialized in some of the country including Pakistan. Number of different crops are being treated by farmers mostly vegetables; currently evaluated in rice crop through foliar application at different intervals to evaluate their efficiency at different doses. Results revealed that there was no significant difference in crop maturity compared with control. Plant height was variable among treated plots, highest plant height was recorded (121.2cm) in 2017-18 experiment in T-3 Gibberellic acid @ 12grams/acre while minimum (96.2cm) in 2016-17 in T-7 Control. Tillers/hill was increased, and maximum counted 18.5/hill in T-3 Gibberellic acid @ 10gms/acre whereas 11.9/hill was recorded in T-7 Control. Grain filling was obvious recorded with significance; counted 83 percent in T-5 Naphthalene acetic acid treated 100ml/acre whereas average minimum (71.3%) was recorded in T-7 Control. Not only plant development was modified by the treatments but yield was also increased average maximum (3228kgs/acre) with 19.61 percent was recorded in T-5 Naphthalene acetic acid @ 100ml/acre. 

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 318-322
Synthesis and Evaluation of Schiff Bases of 4-Amino-5-(chlorine substituted phenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Devkota Kishor , Pathak Govinda , Shakya Bhushan
Published: September 2020

Triazole ring system has attracted a continuously growing interest of synthetic organic chemists and those dealing with the medicinal compounds due to its versatile potential to interact with biological systems. Schiff bases are also considered as one of the most biologically active compounds.  The aim of the present study was to synthesize new Schiff bases bearing triazole nucleus and to assess their antimicrobial activities. Four new Schiff base derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione were synthesized by combining two different pharmacophores viz. triazole nucleus and Schiff base moiety and were characterized by spectral techniques (UV, FT-IR, and NMR). The Schiff bases were evaluated for antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and antifungal (Candida albicans) activities. The synthesized compounds exhibited good to moderate activities against different strains of bacteria and fungi tested.
Determination of Sun Protective Factor of Selected Medicinal Plants from Western Nepal
Authors: Pradhan Suman Prakash , Adhikari Kapil , Nepal Saroj , Pandey Bishnu Prasad
Published: September 2020

Plant extracts contain active ingredients that can absorb, reflect or scatter the sunlight, depending on their nature. The effectiveness of plant extracts as a skin protective agent can be determined by measuring the sun protection factor (SPF). The main aim of this study was to investigate the potential of selected medicinal plant extracts as a component in sunscreen production in modern cosmetics. The absolute methanol extract of six medicinal plants namely; Asparagus racemosus, Bergenia pacumbis, Melia azedarach, Murraya koenigii, Pleurospermum benthamii, and Thymus linearis were examined in-vitro for their sun protective ability by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry method with the application of Mansur equation. Our results revealed that most of the plant extracts possess prodigious SPF values as compared with commercial sunscreen. The greatest SPF value was found in P. benthamii (34.97±0.25), T. linearis (24.98±0.60), and B. pacumbis (24.02±0.15). These results show that these plant extracts can act as a very good antisolar agent.
Analysis of Piperine in Black Pepper by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Shrestha Suraj , Chaudhary Nibedita , Sah Rajkumari , Malakar Neera
Published: September 2020

Piperine is the most important alkaloid present in the black pepper. A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method proposed by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was optimized and validated for quantitative determination of piperine in black pepper. The method was successfully validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, and measurement uncertainty. The validated method was used for the analysis of nine black pepper samples collected from the local supermarket of Kathmandu. The piperine content of the samples collected from various areas of Kathmandu, Nepal were found in the range of 2.33 % to 3.34 % with an average of 2.75 % and a standard deviation of 0.31%. This simple, precise, and accurate method can be used for routine analysis of piperine content in black pepper for quality control purposes.
An integrated model combining ECM and UTAUT to explain users’ post-adoption behaviour towards mobile payment systems
Authors: Singh Sindhu
Published: September 2020

Technological progression in mobile phones has increased the popularity of mobile payments. Users can shop online through a mobile device, which is time saving and convenient. Mobile payment systems involve ongoing interactions between users and payment providers. The initial acceptance of mobile payment systems has been studied extensively, but few studies have attempted to understand users’ post-adoption behaviour. This study employs an integrated model with the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework and the expectation confirmation model (ECM), along with two additional constructs: perceived security and trust. The empirical results show that the integrated model has a higher predictive power to explain continuance intentions for using mobile payment systems with significant factors of satisfaction, trust, performance expectancy, and effort expectancy. This study confirmed that the UTAUT model could be extended to explain post-adoption behaviour towards mobile payment systems. The study’s findings have theoretical and practical value to further the understanding of pre- and post-adoption behaviour towards mobile payment systems.
EFFECT OF PRODUCTS, PROMOTION, AND DISTRIBUTION OF PURCHASING DECISIONS ON FIGHTING BRAND
Authors: Winarno Slamet Heri , Oktiani Nurvi
Published: September 2020

The presence of the fighting brand is the company's strategy to capture market share. In addition to releasing superior products that already exist in the market, it is also important for companies to fill the niche of business that is still empty, one of which is by introducing the fighting brand. Soft drinking products are currently favored by various groups of old, young, and children. This research is intended to determine the significant influence of marketing factors consisting of products, promotions, and distribution on the purchasing decision of S-tee soft drink brand fighter products produced by PT. Sinar Sosro. The study used respondents who have a habit of consuming S-tee products as many as 320 people. The data analysis method uses path analysis statistical techniques, which analyze the effect of each of the variables studied. Partially, promotion and distribution variables have a significant influence on purchasing decisions. The results also showed that 41.7% of the purchasing decisions of S-tee fighter brand products were influenced by product, promotion, and distribution, while 58.3% were influenced by other factors.
Comparison of Accelerate PhenoTest BC Kit and MALDI-TOF MS/VITEK 2 System for the rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli causing bloodstream infections
Authors: Stokes William , Campbell Lorraine , Pitout Johann , Conly John , Church Deirdre , Gregson Dan
Published: September 2020

Background: Our laboratory uses matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI) and the VITEK 2 system (DV2) directly from positive blood cultures (BC) for organism identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Our objective was to compare direct MALDI–DV2 with a commercial BC ID–AST platform, the Accelerate Pheno system (AXDX), in the ID–AST of clinical and seeded BC positive for gram-negative bacilli (GNB). Methods: BC positive for GNB were collected over a 3-mo period and tested using AXDX and direct MALDI–DV2 and compared with conventional methods. A subset of sterile BC were seeded with multi-drug-resistant GNB. Results: Twenty-nine clinical samples and 35 seeded samples were analyzed. Direct MALDI had a higher ID failure rate (31.0%) than AXDX (3.4%; p < 0.001). Time to ID–AST was 1.5–6.9 h, 5.8–16.5 h, and 21.6–33.0 h for AXDX, direct MALDI–DV2, and conventional methods, respectively ( p < 0.001). For clinical samples, AXDX and DV2 had essential agreement (EA) or categorical agreement (CA) of more than 96%. For seeded samples, AXDX had EA, CA, VME, ME, and minor error (mE) of 93.2%, 89.0%, 2.2%, 0%, and 9.2%, respectively. AXDX had a large number of non-reports (6.1%) stemming from meropenem testing. DV2 had EA, CA, VME, ME, and mE of 97.5%, 94.7%, 1.3%, 0%, and 4.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Direct MALDI–DV2 and AXDX both had high agreement for clinical samples, but direct MALDI–DV2 had higher agreement when challenged with MDR GNB.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP MELALUI PENDIDIKAN DI PUSAT KEGIATAN BELAJAR MASYARAKAT (PKBM)
Authors: Azzasyofia Mira
Published: September 2020

This research discusses about how the existence of PKBM Paksi Safa Kawijayan in Cipinang Besar Utara Subdistrict and its relationship with efforts to improve the quality of life of the community living around PKBM Paksi Safa Kawijayaan. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the quality of life of the people who participate in the educational programs provided by PKBM Paksi Safa Kawijayaan. The research method used is a qualitative research with descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that the existence of PKBM Paksi Safa Kawijayan has improved the quality of life of the surrounding community, especially street children who are the targets of the Paksi Safa Kawijayan PKBM programs. This quality of life improvement can be seen in the economic, political, health, environmental and educational aspects.
Navigating the sustainability landscape
Authors: Archer Matthew
Published: September 2020

Sustainability professionals believe their work has positive social and environmental impacts in the “real world,” but they recognize that their impactfulness is contingent on a number of other factors, especially the willingness of other, typically more powerful actors to consider their findings and implement their recommendations. In this article, I develop the notion of “impact pathways” to think about the relationship between paths, maps, travelers, terrains, and ethics in the context of what my informants regularly refer to as the sustainability “landscape.” I show how the interpretation of a map and the choice between different possible paths can be partially explained by an actor's particular ethical framework, in this case something I identify as the sustainability ethic.
Horizontal and vertical politics
Authors: Boni Stefano
Published: September 2020

The spatial expressions of egalitarian and hierarchical political relations, respectively along the horizontal and vertical axis, are visually illustrated in a broad cross-cultural perspective. The dichotomy between los de abajo (those below) and los de arriba (those above) is explored in contemporary Venezuelan politics, using ethnographic and visual evidence. The socialist party, which presents itself as representative of los de abajo, has been increasingly criticized for being los de arriba
both by the opposition and by grassroots PSUV (Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela; United Socialist Party of Venezuela) activists who denounce the persistence of hierarchical dynamics through metaphors such as paracaido (para-shooter) and poner la escalera (holding the ladder).
New social insect nests from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Utah
Authors: Armour Smith Elliott , Loewen Mark A. , Kirkland James I.
Published: September 2020

This paper reports a new assemblage of social insect ichnofossils from the Brushy Basin Member of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation near Green River, Utah. At least seven distinct nests are visible in the locality horizon, identifiable at the outcrop scale by loci of anastomosing, and orthogonally connected hor-izontal burrows and vertical shafts. A boulder-sized block from the in situ horizon has eroded and rolled downhill, revealing the ventral aspect of the nest, showing a view of the overall nest architecture. Burrow and shaft clusters are organized into mega-galleries which have branching arms and ovate, bulbous cham-bers. The organization of distinct trace morphologies is consistent with ethological complexity of the social insects. A small sample was collected and analyzed by serial sectioning and petrographic thin sectioning to observe small-scale morphological features. Centimeter-scale analysis shows chamber, gallery, and burrow walls have complex topography. Pebble-sized, hollow, ellipsoid features are distributed throughout the up-permost facies of the nest and have undergone complete silicification of their outer surfaces. The ellipsoids share similarity with pellet structures made of mud or carton produced by modern termites. This trace fossil assemblage suggests it is possible that termites had acquired subterranean nesting behavior, and mud or carton utilization in nest construction in seasonally arid habitats by the Late Jurassic.
SISTEM PEMIDANAAN DALAM PENYERTAAN TINDAK PIDANA MENURUT KUHP
Authors: Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi , M Gare Samsul Bahri
Published: September 2020

This study discusses the participation (deelneming) which includes all forms of participation/involvement of people both psychologically and physically by doing each act so as to give birth to a crime. Participation is regulated in Article 55 and Article 56 of the Criminal Code which means that there are two or more people who commit a crime or say that there are two or more people taking part in realizing a crime can be mentioned that a person participates in relation to the person other. This research is a type of normative research using secondary legal material sources and using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the forms of participation can be divided into two, namely first, the maker which consists of: Actors (pleger), the enforcer (doenpleger), who participates (madepleger) and penganjur (uitlokker). Second, the Assistant consists of: Helper at the time the crime was committed and the Helper before the crime was committed. While the criminal system for the inclusion of criminal acts is as follows. The first system originated in roman and second, a system originating from Italian parajurists in medieval times.Keywords: crime, criminal code, inclusionABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas tentang penyertaan (Deelneming) yang meliputi semua bentuk turut serta/terlibatnya orang-orang baik secara psikis maupun fisik dengan melakukan masing-masing perbuatan sehingga melahirkan suatu tindak pidana. Penyertaan di atur dalam Pasal 55 dan Pasal 56 KUHP yang berarti bahwa ada dua orang atau lebih yang melakukan suatu tindak pidana atau dengan perkataan ada dua orang atau lebih mengambil bagian untuk mewujudkan suatu tindak pidana dapat di sebutkan bahwa seseorang tersebut turut serta dalam hubungannya dengan orang lain. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan sumber bahan hukum sekunder serta menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk penyertaan dapat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu pertama, Pembuat yang terdiri dari: Pelaku (pleger), yang menyuruhlakukan (doenpleger), yang turut serta (madepleger) dan penganjur (uitlokker); kedua, Pembantu yang terdiri dari: Pembantu pada saat kejahatan dilakukan dan Pembantu sebelum kejahatan dilakukan. Sedangkan sistem pemidanaan terhadap penyertaan tindak pidana adalah sebagai berikut, Pertama Sistem yang berasal dari romawi dan kedua, Sistem yang berasal dariparajurist italia dalam abad pertengahan.Kata kunci: KUHP, penyertaan, tindak pidana
PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA DALAM ASPEK KEPIDANAAN
Authors: Hakim Eric Rahmanul
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyze environmental issues in criminal aspects. The aspect of environmental punishment is one of the most important factors to consider because it is the key to law enforcement and environmental and life sustainability factors in the future. Factually, there have been many deviations in the environmental field in various angles, which have resulted in more environmental pollution and an impact on the future. This study uses juridical-normative research, with dogmatic research, forms of descriptive research and uses descriptive-analytical analysis. The results showed that the role of government is one of the most powerful factors in reducing damage to the environment, because the government itself is part of the population in Indonesia. The government needs to maximize the program so that damage to the environment can be reduced. As mandated by UUPPLH No. 23 of 1997, which was updated with UUPPLH No. 32 of 2009. The law is expected to be able to run in accordance with current and future conditions. But the implementation of the Act still causes violations in the community. This is a factor in the non-operation of existing regulations due to the lack of awareness of related parties, about the importance of preserving nature and the environment, so that criminal aspects are considered as one way out of environmental law enforcement. Keywords: environmental law, law enforcement, criminal.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persoalan lingkungan pada aspek pemidanaan. Aspek pemidanaan lingkungan menjadi salah satu faktor yang sangat penting diperhatikan karena merupakan kunci dari penegakan hukum dan faktor keberlangsungan lingkungan dan kehidupan dimasa yang akan datang. Secara faktual, banyak sekali penyelewangan dibidang lingkungan dalam berbagai sudut, yang mengakibatkan semakin banyaknya pencemaran lingkungan dan berdampak pada masa mendatang. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis-normatif, dengan jenis penelitian dogmatik, bentuk penelitian perskriptif dan menggunakan analisis deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran pemerintah merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat kuat untuk dapat mengurangi terjadi kerusakan pada lingkungan, karena pemerintah sendiri merupakan bagian dari penduduk yang ada di Indonesia. Pemerintah perlu memaksimalkan program, agar kerusakan yang terjadi pada lingkungan dapat berkurang. Sebagaimana amanat UUPPLH Nomor 23 tahun 1997, yang diperbarui dengan UUPPLH no 32 tahun 2009. Undang-undang tersebut diharapkan dapat berjalan sesuai dengan keadaan saat ini dan akan mendatang. Tetapi implementasi Undang-Undang tersebut masih saja menimbulkan pelanggaran di masyarakat. Hal ini menjadi faktor tidak berjalannya peraturan yang ada karena kurangnya kesadaran pihak-pihak terkait, tentang pentingnya menjaga kelestarian alam dan lingkungan, sehingga aspek pemidanaan dianggap sebagai salah satu jalan keluar terhadap penegakan hukum lingkungan.Kata kunci : hukum lingkungan, penegakan hukum, pidana
Modifikasi Mesin Pencampur Bahan Pakan Ternak
Authors: Iswar Muhammad , Salam Abdul , Taufik Lukman , Haj Amirul , Iqbal Muh.
Published: September 2020

Modifikasi ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pencampuran bahan pakan ternak agar lebih merata dan waktu pencampuran yang efisisen. Dengan melakukan pengembangan pada sistem pemindah daya (transmisi) putaran lebih stabil karena tidak terjadi lagi slip dibandingkan mesin sebelumnya yang menggunakan sistem transmisi v-belt. Dan dengan modifikasi desain mesin ini bisa memudahkan peternak untuk memindah tempatkan mesin tersebut. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pencampuran bahan pakan ternak sudah merata untuk satu kali proses pencampuran sebanyak 16 kg dicapai pada waktu 5 menit dengan putaran 65 Rpm atau kapasitas pencampuran 192 kg/jam, dibandingkan dengan mesin sebelumnya yang mendapatkan hasil yang merata pada putaran 70 Rpm dengan waktu pencampuran 5 menit, atau kapasitas pencampuran sebanyak 180 kg/jam. Adapun biaya yang digunakan dalam perakitan mesin pencampur bahan pakan ternak ini yakni senilai Rp. 5.520.033,-Â
Sistem Monitoring Debit Inflow untuk Operasi Harian Pembangkit PLTA Bakaru
Authors: Musa La Ode , Klistafani Yiyin , Sumarwanto Rudi
Published: September 2020

Tingginya kebutuhan akan sumber daya energi listrik menuntut manusia untuk memanfaatkan sumber energi yang terkandung di alam sebaik mungkin. Pemanfaatan energi terbarukan menjadi sumber energi listrik merupakan salah satu upaya yang harus di tingkatkan, Indonesia memiliki potensi air cukup besar yang bisa dimanfaatkan menjadi sumber energi listrik, sumber energi listrik yang berasal dari energi air mempunyai beberapa masalah salah satunya dalam memaksimalkan penggunaan air pada bendungan, perencanaan yang baik akan memaksimalkan penggunaan air untuk pembangkitan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian adalah membuat sistem monitoring debit inflow untuk operasi harian pembangkit PLTA Bakaru. Pengambilan data penelitian ini berlokasi di PLTA Bakaru. Data diperoleh dari data pencatatan harian, laporan Bulanan dan laporan Pengusahaan. Pengambilan data penelitian ini dilakukan secara realtime pada data bendungan PLTA Bakaru mulai Januari tahun 2015 sampai dengan Desember 2016, yang diambil persetiap satu jam sekali pada bendungan yaitu data elevasi bendungan, pemakaian pembangkitan (discharge), debit air yang masuk ke bendungan (Inflow) serta data limpasan pintu bendungan. Sistem monitoring debit inflow untuk operasi harian membantu operator dalam perencanaan pola operasi harian berdasarkan debit inflow dan pemakaian air yang digunakan untuk pembangkitkan. Pola operasi harian merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting untuk meningkatkan hasil produksi. Sistem monitoring tersebut dapat mensimulasikan untuk perhitungan elevasi,waktu tampung air dan debit inflow. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka di dapatkanÂ  bahwa sistem monitoring debit inflow untuk operasi harian sangat berguna untuk megoptimalkan sistem pengoperasian PLTA bakaru, mengurangi range start stop sehingga lifetime peralatan dapat tercapai demikian pula Capacity factor (CF) dapat ditingkatkan.
Uji Mekanis Guide Vane dari Hasil Pengecoran Paduan Alumunium dan Tembaga
Authors: Buana Chandra , Tangko Jumadi , Rasydiman Andi Afdhal , S Ahmad Tamal
Published: September 2020

Pembangkit listrik tenaga air merupakan pembangkit listrik yang memanfaatkan energi kinetik air yang memutar turbin yang telah dikopel dengan generator untuk menghasilkan listrik. Guide vane merupakan suatu komponen utama pada turbin air yang diberfungsi untuk mengarahkan air yang masuk pada spiral case agar air dapat memusatkan tekanan pada runner blade atau sudu turbin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanis guide vane hasil pengecoran alumunium dan tembaga.Metode yang digunakan adalah uji kekerasan mekanis metode Brinnel (HB) menggunakan pengecoran alumunium dan tembaga dengan berbagai macam perbandingan spesimen yaitu 1:2, 1:1, 2:1. Nilai kekerasan untuk setiap spesimen akan meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya kandungan tembaga didalam spesimen tersebut. Spesimen dengan perbandingan 1:2Â  tidak baik untuk digunakan dalam pembuatan guide vane karena memilki nilai kekerasan brinnel yang rendah dan tidak stabil pada setiap bagiannya. Spesimen dengan perbandingan 1:1 memiliki nilai kekerasan yang stabil di setiap bagiannya danÂ  baik untuk digunakan dalam pembuatan guide vane, selain itu biaya yang dibutuhkan lebih murah di bandingkan dengan spesimen 2:1 karena memiliki nilai kandungan tembaga yang lebih kecil dari spesimen 2:1.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Kursi Terapi Bagi Penderita Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad , Kaâ€™ka Simon , Rahmat A.Muh. , Mustajabah Mustajabah , Irmin Irmin
Published: September 2020

Kursi terapi untuk penderita cerebral palsy merupakan suatu alat yang didesain untuk membantu para penderita melakukan proses terapi . Alat ini terdiri dari sistem kontrol yang memudahkan penderita untuk meningkatkan kemandirian penderita dalam mengoperasikan alat tersebut. Tujuan pembuatan alat ini ialah untuk meningkat terapi cerebral palsy. Pada kursi ini menggunakan sistem hidrolik sebagi aktuator dan arduino sebagai alat kontrol. Metode ini diterapkan yaitu perancangan, pembuatan, perakitan dan uji coba. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pada percobaan yang telah dilakukan diperoleh bahwa untuk mengatur posisi kursi terapi hingga pasiesn berdiri membutuhkan waktu terendah pada pasien A ialah 65 detik dengan berat badan pasien yaitu 70Â  kg sedangkan untuk waktu tertinggi yaitu pada pasien D ialah 92 detik dengan berat badan pasien 73 Kg. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tersebut disimpulkan bahwa kursi terapi dengan sistem kontrol arduino uno dapat memudahkan pasien dalam pengoperasiaan dan mengefesiensikan waktu yang digunakan dalam proses terapi.
New Analytical Solutions of Fractional Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation
Authors: TOZAR Ali
Published: September 2020

In recent years, nonlinear concepts have attracted a lot of attention due to the deep mathematics and physics they contain. In explaining these concepts, nonlinear differential equations appear as an inevitable tool. In the past century, considerable efforts have been made and will continue to be made to solve many nonlinear differential equations. This study is also a step towards analytical solution of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE) used to describe many phenomena on a wide scale. In this study, the CGLE was solved analytically by $(1/G')$-expansion method.
Characterizing Clinical and Neuropathological Traits of APOE Haplotypes in African Americans and Europeans
Authors: Mezlini Aziz M. , Magdamo Colin , Merrill Emily , Chibnik Lori B. , Blacker Deborah L. , Hyman Bradley T. , Das Sudeshna
Published: September 2020

Background: The APOE ɛ4 allele is the largest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent literature suggested that the contribution of APOE ɛ4 to AD risk could be population-specific, with ɛ4 conferring a lower risk to Blacks or African Americans. Objective: To investigate the effect of APOE haplotypes on AD risk in individuals with European ancestry (EU) and Blacks or African Americans (AA). Methods: We selected data from 1) the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center: a total of 3,486 AD cases and 4,511 controls (N = 7,997, 60% female) with genotypes from the Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC), and 2) the Rush University Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) cohort with 578 AD and 670 controls (N = 1,248, 60% female). Using ɛ3 homozygotes as the reference, we compared the association of various APOE haplotypes with the clinical and neuropathological correlates of dementia in AA and EU. Results: In both cohorts, we find no difference in the odds or age of onset of AD among the ɛ4-linked haplotypes defined by rs769449 within either AA or EU. Additionally, while APOE ɛ4 was associated with a faster rate of decline, no differences were found in rate of decline, clinical or neuropathological features among the ɛ4-linked haplotypes. Further analysis with other variants near the APOE locus failed to identify any effect modification. Conclusion: Our study finds similar effects of the ɛ4-linked haplotypes defined by rs769449 on AD as compared to ɛ3 in both AA and EU. Future studies are required to understand the heterogeneity of APOE conferred risk of AD among various genotypes and populations.
Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Higher Brain Amyloid Burden: A Preliminary PET Imaging Study
Authors: Jackson Melinda L. , Cavuoto Marina , Schembri Rachel , Doré Vincent , Villemagne Victor L. , Barnes Maree , O’Donoghue Fergal J. , Rowe Christopher C. , Robinson Stephen R.
Published: September 2020

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to an increase risk of dementia. Few studies have cross-sectionally examined whether clinically-confirmed OSA is associated with a higher brain amyloid burden. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare brain amyloid burden in individuals with untreated OSA and healthy controls, and explore associations between amyloid burden and polysomnographic and subjective measures of sleep, demographics, and mood. Methods: Thirty-four individuals with OSA (mean age 57.5±4.1 y; 19 males) and 12 controls (mean age 58.5±4.2 y; 6 males) underwent a clinical polysomnogram and a 11C-PiB positron emission tomography (PET) scan to quantify amyloid burden. Results: Amyloid burden was elevated in the OSA group relative to controls, and was significantly higher in those with severe OSA relative to mild/moderate OSA. Correlation analyses indicated that higher amyloid burden was associated with a higher Non-REM apnea hypopnea index, poorer sleep efficiency, and less time spent in stage N3 sleep, when controlling for age. Conclusion: Severe OSA is associated with a modest elevation of brain amyloid, the significance of which should be further investigated to explore the implications for dementia risk.
Triheptanoin Mitigates Brain ATP Depletion and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yuan Xiaodong , Wang Lu , Tandon Neha , Sun Huili , Tian Jing , Du Heng , Pascual Juan M. , Guo Lan
Published: September 2020

Background: Brain energy failure is an early pathological event associated with synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, mitigation or enhancement of brain energy metabolism may offer a therapeutic avenue. However, there is uncertainty as to what metabolic process(es) may be more appropriate to support or augment since metabolism is a multiform process such that each of the various metabolic precursors available is utilized via a specific metabolic pathway. In the brain, these pathways sustain not only a robust rate of energy production but also of carbon replenishment. Objective: Triheptanoin, an edible odd-chain fatty acid triglyceride, is uncommon in that it replenishes metabolites in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle via anaplerosis in addition to fueling the cycle via oxidation, thus potentially leading to both carbon replenishment and enhanced mitochondrial ATP production. Methods: To test the hypothesis that triheptanoin is protective in AD, we supplied mice with severe brain amyloidosis (5×FAD mice) with dietary triheptanoin for four and a half months, followed by biological and biochemical experiments to examine mice metabolic as well as synaptic function. Results: Triheptanoin treatment had minimal impact on systemic metabolism and brain amyloidosis as well as tauopathy while attenuating brain ATP deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction including respiration and redox balance in 5×FAD mice. Synaptic density, a disease hallmark, was also preserved in hippocampus and neocortex despite profound amyloid deposition. None of these effects took place in treated control mice. Conclusion: These findings support the energy failure hypothesis of AD and justify investigating the mechanisms in greater depth with ultimate therapeutic intent.
Incidence of Dementia and Associated Factors in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort
Authors: Andreu-Reinón María Encarnación , Huerta José María , Gavrila Diana , Amiano Pilar , Mar Javier , Tainta Mikel , Ardanaz Eva , Larumbe Rosa , Navarro Carmen , Colorado-Yohar Sandra M. , Navarro-Mateu Fernando , Chirlaque María Dolores
Published: September 2020

Background: Dementia has become a public health priority as the number of cases continues to grow worldwide. Objective: To assess dementia incidence and determinants in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort. Methods: 25,015 participants (57% women) were recruited from three Spanish regions between 1992-1996 and followed-up for over 20 years. Incident cases were ascertained through individual revision of medical records of potential cases. Crude and age-adjusted incidence rates (IR) of dementia and sub-types (Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and non-AD) were calculated by sex. Neelson-Aalen cumulative incidence estimates at 10, 15, and 20 years were obtained for each sex and age group. Multivariate Royston-Parmar models were used to assess independent determinants. Results: Global IR were higher in women for dementia and AD, and similar by sex for non-AD. IR ranged from 0.09 cases of dementia (95% confidence interval: 0.06–0.13) and 0.05 (0.03–0.09) of AD per 1000 person-years (py) in participants below 60 years, to 23.2 (15.9–33.8) cases of dementia and 14.6 (9.1–33.5) of AD (per 1000 py) in those ≥85 years. Adjusted IR were consistently higher in women than men for overall dementia and AD. Up to 12.5% of women and 9.1% of men 60–65 years-old developed dementia within 20 years. Low education, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were the main independent predictors of dementia risk, whereas alcohol showed an inverse association. Conclusion: Dementia incidence increased with age and was higher among women, but showed no geographical pattern. Dementia risk was higher among subjects with lower education, not drinking alcohol, and presenting cardiovascular risk factors.
Introduction to Health Law
Authors: Onisoyonivosekume Dede , Mahrouseh Nour , Varga Orsolya
Published: September 2020

In early February of 2020, attention was drawn to the increased number of deaths and the new cases of coronavirus infection. The epicentre of the outbreak was Wuhan in the People’s Republic of China. In order to control the outbreak, Chinese leaders called on the city authorities in Wuhan to set up mass quarantine centres for infected people. The Chinese government took this step to protect the public against infectious disease. This is an example of the conflicts between public health and civil liberties/individual rights. Government authority is the pillar of the public health law. The government retains the power to achieve and maintain common good by restricting – within solid international and national limits – individual rights concerning autonomy, privacy, association, and liberty. Public health agencies have the right to collect, use, and disclose a considerable amount of personal health information and to enforce certain vaccinations, medical examinations, and treatments. In addition to the power to isolate individuals to protect the public against the spread of infectious disease, their powers can be used to control businesses and professions. There are several legal interventions to prevent injury and disease and promote the public’s health. Among these tools are taxing policies, which encourage engaging in beneficial behaviour (fruit consumption) and disincentives to engage in high-risk activities (smoking).
Being Smart About Gluten and Gluten-Free Issues, Part 1: What Are the Health Concerns Surrounding Gluten?
Authors: Dicks Abigail , Harder Amy , Simonne Amy
Published: September 2020

Are you an inquisitive consumer who asks what the big deal is about gluten free? Ask no more; this article is the first in a three–part series about gluten. This 7-page fact sheet identifies health conditions surrounding the ingestion of gluten. The resources used in this article are research and evidence based and/or peer reviewed to provide straightforward and simple information about a few gluten-related topics. Written by Abigail Dicks, Amy Harder, and Amy Simonne, and published by the UF Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, January 2013. 

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/wc133
PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE GALLERY WALK TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK BIOLOGI
Authors: Rustam Rustam , Syamsudduha St , Damayanti Eka
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode pembelajaran gallery walk terhadap minat belajar biologi peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Duampanua Kabupaten Pinrang. Jenis penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent postest control group design. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan minat belajar peserta didik kelas eksperimen dengan kelas kontrolmenggunakan metode gallery walk yang dibuktikan dengan nilait-test sebesar p = 0.002 (p 0,05). Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan adanya perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik. Rata-rata minat belajar dengan menggunakan metode gallery Walk sebesar 114,15 lebih tinggi dibanding nilai rata-rata minat belajar tanpa menggunakan metode gallery walk sebesar 106,60. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pembelajaran menggunakan metode gallery walk terhadap minat belajar biologi peserta didik.
大型国际EPC/交钥匙总承包项目项目经理能力要素提升
Authors: 张 成波 , 米 家立 , 姜 韶阳
Published: September 2020

本文结合迄今为止南亚地区最大的单体污水处理厂,孟加拉国达舍尔甘地(Dasherkandi)污水处理厂的履约过程,从建设和实施过程中的资金、环境和人力资源等多种错综复杂的因素出发,系统的考虑项目履约中面临的困难、风险和挑战,分析和探讨IPMA级新的ICB 4.0标准环境下三大能力领域、28项能力要素以及对应的关键能力指标,国际项目经理应该具备的基本技能,运用这些能力要素解决问题,应对挑战和风险。
地铁盾构区间隧道施工风险分析与控制分析
Authors: 余 晓斌 , 韩 昌进
Published: September 2020

由于城市交通规划的特性,大城市市区内地铁大部分为地下结构,地铁车站的施工技术已成熟,而连接地下车站的是区间隧道,区间隧道的施工质量至关重要。在地铁盾构区间隧道施工过程中,盾构法作为一种常见且有效的施工方法,具有施工速度快、安全性高、机械化程度高等优点。鉴于此,本文简要概述了地铁区间隧道盾构施工的内涵,对地铁区间隧道盾构施工风险识别进行了详细阐述,同时分析和探讨了地铁盾构区间隧道施工风险的控制措施。
新形势下炼焦设备维护管理的要点
Authors: 宗 明
Published: September 2020

现阶段,我国的经济建设飞速发展,社会不断进步,随之,在我国的工业领域,炼焦工业也获得了突飞猛进的发展。一个企业的运行和发展离不开相关的管理工作,而设备管理工作是其中的重点部分。为了实现我国炼焦工业的可持续发展的长远发展,就需要对炼焦设备进行维护管理,基于此,文章就新形势下炼焦设备维护管理的要点进行了分析。
信息技术在土地管理中的应用
Authors: 肖 亮
Published: September 2020

随着时代的进步,各部门应秉承与时俱进的基本原则,不断加大对信息技术的重视度。将信息技术拓展应用到土地管理中,不仅可以显著提升业务处理水平,还能够强化工作人员的业务素养,保证土地管理工作落实成效。由此,全面探究信息技术在土地管理中的实践应用显得尤为重要。
郑州市地下水资源现状调查及管理建议
Authors: 李 屹田 , 张 刚 , 陈 阳
Published: September 2020

广大农民的生活用水依赖于地下水,农田的灌溉也大多源于地下水,对于城市居民来说,地下水是应急水源,也是发展的储备资源。在郑州市水生态文明建设的道路上,地下水资源的保护和利用占据着重要地位。所以,珍惜并合理利用好郑州市地下水资源,是郑州水生态文明建设的重点。鉴于此,文章就郑州市地下水资源现状进行调查并提出了相关管理建议。
矿山生态环境保护与治理措施
Authors: 张 刚 , 李 屹田 , 郑 光明
Published: September 2020

生态环境及生态与环境,是目前被世界各国所广泛关注的主要问题。随着社会水平的不断提高,人们逐渐将发展的重点放在了对于环境的保护与生态平衡的维护中,而在我国的矿山开发中却存在着部分的环境污染问题,这不仅不利于生态平衡的有效维持,同时也不利于矿产业的健康发展。本文就矿山生态环境保护与治理措施进行阐述。
Ta'lim Al-Ashwat Ála Dhaui Al-Ta'lim Al-Taáwuni ( Dirasah Al-Tajribiyah Fi Ma'had AlImarah Bandung)
Authors: Marlina Lina
Published: September 2020

Cooperative learning is one of the learning models used by teachers in teaching and learning process, and it has many types when it is implemented in the classroom. In reality ashwat (Arabic phonology study) is one of the boring subjects considered by students in Ma'had Al-Imarot Bandung. The lecturer only instructs the students to pronounce the Arabic hijaiyyah letters and distinguish the letters adjacent to the makhraj (points of articulation of letters) and its nature. In the learning process, a lecturer uses only lecture method, who gives the examples of correct pronunciation then the students repeat those pronunciations after the lecturer. As a consequence, a lecturer should be able to update the learning process by using an interesting learning model by implementing cooperative learning for instance.

The aims of this research is to know the reality of learning ashwat as Arabic pronunciation at Ma'had Al-Imarot Bandung, to know the ability of students to mastery of Arabic ashwat before applying cooperative learning in ashwat learning, to know the implementation of cooperative learning in ashwat learning, to know the advantages and disadvantages of cooperative learning in ashwat learning, as well as to know the students' ability to master Arabic ashwat after applying cooperative learning.

This research is based on the framework that the implementation of cooperative learning in ashwat learning is effective. So the researcher states the hypothesis “cooperative learning is applied effectively in ashwat learning”

The method used in this research is experimental method with quasi experimental design. There are two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews, and tests.

the results  find that the ability of students who mastering Arabic ashwat in the experimental class before applying cooperative learning showed good criteria with an average mark of 69.00 from pre-test. Surprisingly, the ability of students who mastering Arabic ashwat in the experimental class after applying cooperative learning showed excellent criteria with an average mark of 91.25 from post-test. After the researcher had tested the hypothesis, it can be concluded that cooperative learning was effectively applied in ashwat learning with the value of N-gain 0.68 which shows cooperative learning had improved students’ ability in Arabic ashwat about 68% with medium criteria.
Hubungan Ilmu Manthiq (Logika) dengan Ushul Fiqh
Authors: Nasution Hasan Bhakti
Published: September 2020

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi hubungan antara ilmu Manthiq dan ilmu ushul fiqh. Objek yang dikaji adalah konsep al-qiyas yang dikemukakan oleh ilmu Manthiq dan ilmu ushul fiqh. Terdapat hubungan peredaan dan persamaan konsep al-qiyas. Persamaannya terjadi dalam enam hal, yaitu kesamaan bahasa, prinsip, proses menghasilkan, adanya penghubung (kaitan/had aushat, íllat), status kebenaran, dan kesamaan latar belakang perumus ilmu.Sedangkan perbedaannya terpusat pada empat  hal, yaitu perbedaan dari segi tujuan, perbedaan cara kerja, perbedaan terminologi hubungan, dan perbedaan sumber.

Adapun faktor terjadinya persamaan ialah karena tiga hal, yaitu menggunakan bahasa yang sama yakni bahasa Arab, pengguna yang sama, yaitu sama-sama pemikir Muslim. Kemudian dikembangkan di kawasan yang sama, yaitu kawasan Islam (dawlah Islamiyyah). Sedangkan faktor terjadinya perbedaan tidak terlepas dari tiga hal, yaitu karakter ilmu yang berbeda, sumber yang berbeda, dan kegunaan yang berbeda.

Terjadinya integrasi di antara ilmu Manthiq dan ilmu Ushul Fiqh dalam bentuk klasifikasi al-qiyas kepada al-qiyas al-istinbathiy dan al-qiyas al-syar’iy. Dengan rumusan ini terintegrasilah makna al-qiyas dalam sebuah bangunan keilmuan Islam dalam rumpun ilmu-ilmu rasional (‘ulum al-‘aqliyyah). Upaya integrasi ini dilakukan dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan ontologis, pendekatan epistemologis, dan pendekatan aksiologis, yaitu ilmu yang dikembangkan harus dijadikan sebagai media pengenalan Allah SWT, sebagai kata kunci dan membedakan ilmu-ilmu Islam dengan ilmu-ilmu Barat. Dalam ilmu Barat, aksiologi ilmu ialah untuk ilmu sendiri atau ilmu dikembangkan untuk ilmu sendiri (science for science). Sedangkan dalam Islam, ilmu dikembangkan agar manusia mampu mengenal Allah secara benar, sehingga merasa dalam pengawasan-Nya (tasawuf sunniy) atau bersatu dengan-Nya (tasawuf falsafiy) yang pada akhirnya mendapat keridhaan-Nya.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA GAMBAR REALITA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS POKOK MATERI KENAMPAKAN ALAM DAN BUATAN
Authors: Babay Eneng , Akrom Akrom
Published: September 2020

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media gambar realita pada pembelajaran IPS pokok materi kenampakan alam dan buatan serta untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan R n D yang mengacu pada empat tahapan dari model 4 D Thiagarajan, yaitu Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate. Sumber datanya adalah validasi media pembelajaran gambar realita, ini berpedoman pada tiga aspek yaitu 1 aspek kualitas dan tujuan, aspek instruksional dan 3 aspek teknis, yang pada oprasionalnya dilakukan oleh tim ahli yaitu ahli media dan materi serta guru kelas III. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata perolehan dari keseluruhan hasil validasi adalah 4,46 dari rentang 1 sampai 5 dan termasuk kategori baik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dapat dinyatakan bahwa media gambar realita pada pokok materi kenampakan alam dan buatan layak digunakan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran.
Novel Applications of the Peer-to-peer Communication Methodology
Authors: Tóth L. L. , Z. Czirkos Z. Czirkos , Hosszú G. , Kovács F.
Published: September 2020

In this article we represent two novel applications that make extensive use of the peer-to-peer communication method. Dolphin is a file sharing system with improved reliability and searching efficiency compared to other popular file sharing applications. Komondor is a peer-to-peer based security application, a network intrusion detection system that relies on the collaboration of network hosts. These two applications base their speed, stability and robustness on the application level network they create
Case Study of Recruitment and Selection of Employees in the Family Businesses of Tasikmalaya
Authors: Rahadi Dedi Rianto , Cakranegara Pandu , Claudia Genoveva
Published: September 2020

Human resource planning within a company includes policies such as recruitment and selection, compensation, performance appraisal, career development, and training and development. Recruitment and selection process becomes the main factor to do professional human resources. The purpose of this research is to know how the concept of recruitment and selection model on family business in small and medium enterprise sector. The object of research is small and medium business in Tasikmalaya city in handicraft sector. The research method used qualitative and data collection through triangulation method where researchers examine the interrelated phenomena from different perspectives. The results showed that family emotional relationship factors often affect the recruitment and selection process of employees. Moreover, Incompetent recruitment and selection models will threaten the performance and even the existence of the company. The poor management of human resources in the family company will have negative impacts such as the outbreak of conflict, the unfavourable working situation, the development of various intrigues, and the high level of employee turnover will ultimately impact on the performance of the company.