bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective Assessment of Generic Skills in Uganda's Secondary Schools
Authors: Rebecca Joyce Bukirwa
Published: February 2025

The curriculum for each level of education in Uganda is clear and sequenced to cater for the learners' needs that embrace it. However, many products of this curriculum fall short of the labour market expectations because school leavers lack the competencies compatible with the 21st century. A multitude of educationists in Uganda have emphasized the need to develop 21st-century skills as the main focus of the education system. Indeed, the National Curriculum Development Center has integrated these skills into the lower secondary education curriculum and has particularly referred to them as generic skills. This study aimed at the effective assessment of generic skills in Uganda’s secondary schools. The objectives of the study included; highlighting the key generic skills needed in Uganda’s schools as emphasized in the lower secondary education curriculum; suggesting effective ways of assessing generic skills and identifying the challenges of assessing generic skills.  Narrative literature review method was adopted and content analysis of peer-reviewed articles was used. In content analysis, themes in tandem with the objectives were used to present data, making it possible to interpret the results as the researcher reflected on the informants’ statements on the subject. The study revealed that the lower secondary education curriculum provides the learners with generic skills that include critical thinking and problem-solving; creativity and Innovation; communication, Cooperation and self-directed learning; and Numeracy and ICT. These skills are embedded in the subject syllabuses and teachers are expected to assess them using the learning outcomes. Formative assessment and summative assessment are carried out by individual teachers and UNEB respectively. Challenges exist in assessing a large number of learners by individual subject teachers and yet some teachers lack the competencies to be assessed. Most teachers and parents prefer the traditional methods of assessment. The study concluded and stressed the urgent need for a paradigm shift from current assessment strategies to those techniques that promote the assessment of generic skills specifically. The study recommended teachers become mentors to support the development of these skills in the learners; introduce peer mentors from among senior students; and conduct peer assessment and self-assessment in addition to teacher assessment. A panel of three teachers was recommended to assess each student on generic skills at a summative level to reduce subjectivity in assessment.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND THE ATTITUDE OF PROSPECTIVE BRIDES AND GROOMS TOWARD PREMARITAL SCREENING
Authors: SAMPARA RISDAYANTI , Endyka Erye Frety  , Amalia Rize Budi
Published: February 2025

Healthy pregnancy planning through premarital screening aims to reduce high-risk pregnancies with early intervention in prospective brides. However, it is less popular among prospective brides, a total of 74.4% of prospective brides do not know the benefits of premarital screening, this can affect the assessment of prospective brides on premarital screening even though premarital screening services are required by the government. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and the attitude of prospective brides regarding premarital screening. Method study is quantitative research with an observational analytical design, a cross-sectional study approach conducted on 63 samples with consecutive sampling techniques. The measurement of knowledge level and attitude uses a questionnaire and the Fisher Exact Statistics test. This study shows that the knowledge of prospective brides about premarital screening is mostly in the category of less than 44.4% and the majority attitude is positive 81%. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.001) between knowledge and attitudes towards premarital screening. It can be concluded that knowledge can affect the attitude and assessment of the prospective brides and groom towards premarital screening. Therefore, strategic steps are needed such as the integration of education in premarital counseling, the development of community-based campaigns.
The Impact of Top Management Support on Computer-Assisted Audit Tools (CAATs) Adoption: Mediating Effects of Auditor IT Competency and Innovativeness with a Focus on Perceived Usefulness
Authors: Al Omari Hussam Mohammad Ali , Kadir Mohd Rizuan Abdul , Sapingi Raedah Bte. , Al-Dalaien Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The study intends to investigate the impact of Top Management Support (TMS) on adopting Computer-Assisted Audit Tools (CAATs). This study used the roles of Auditor IT Competency (ITC) and Innovativeness (AI) as mediating and Perceived Usefulness (PU) as moderators, which might influence the relationship between TMS and CAAT adoption. The comfort environment in the Jordanian conventional audit industry has raised the issue of the importance of moving towards CAAT utilization due to the shifted business environment toward automation. CAATs are known for their effectiveness in facilitating audits. The adoption of CAATS depends very much on the support of the top management. With auditor IT competency and innovativeness, it is expected to create a more favorable environment for CAATs' adoptions. This study adopts a quantitative approach using a questionnaire collected from personnel who work closely in the audit environment. They are selected from the company listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. The findings revealed a significant impact on TMS and CAATS by adding the effects of TMS and ITC on the relationship between TMS and CAAT adoption intention; again, a significant result is revealed. However, the PU showed mixed moderating effects. This study highlights the importance of top management support and the influence of certain auditor characteristics that would encourage the adoption of new audit technologies in the company. It provides valuable insights for audit firms and professionals on the possibility of switching to new technology to keep up with the changes in the business dynamic.
The Purpose of Progress? A Response to Professor Ned Snow’s Intellectual Property and Immorality
Authors: Chon Margaret
Published: February 2025

In Intellectual Property and Immorality, Professor Snow fearlessly puts forth the proposition of morality in the consideration of IP’s social welfare goals. By doing so, he invites important conversations about the underlying purposes and values of an area of law that powerfully shapes our knowledge-based economies and societies. Towards this end, this Response has three propositions: (1) expansion of the foundational justifications for IP to include the key insights of human development (sometimes referred to as human flourishing) theory; (2) recognition not just of harms to individuals but also harms to communities and societies; and (3) imbuing of greater substantive meaning to the key term “Progress” in the U.S. Constitution’s Progress Clause. Doing so would ameliorate the current immoralities that unfortunately tarnish the promise and potential of IP to increase overall human flourishing and social welfare.
Ghazal Commentary bySakkoki
Authors:   Independent researcher, Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, qizi Nurmuhammedova Maftuna Hilol
Published: February 2025

Sakkokiy is a ghazal-writer poet. His ghazals skillfully depict love, passion, the pain of exile, the delight of farewell, and the feelings of a loving heart.
Sağlıkta ve Hastalıkta Nütrisyon
Authors: Duman Handan , Konur Kamil , Taşçı Şükriye Hüma , Kızılkaya Bayram , Uygur Meliha Melin , Tüfekçi Damla , Cüre Osman , Tekdemir Özge , Kara Ekrem , Durak Hüseyin , Özyurt Songül , Atasoy Halil , Durak Serdar , Rahman Süheyla , İlkkılıç Kadir , Yartaş Dumanlı Güleren
Published: February 2025

Temel Besin Öğeleri
Handan DUMAN
Sıvı Dengesi
Kamil KONUR
Beslenmenin Değerlendirilmesi
Şükriye Hüma TAŞÇI
Sağlıklı Bireylerde Beslenme
Bayram KIZILKAYA
Geriatrik Hastada Beslenme
Şükriye Hüma TAŞÇI
Obezitede Beslenme
Meliha Melin UYGUR
Diyabetik Hastalarda Beslenme
Damla TÜFEKÇİ
Dislipidemide Beslenme
Bayram KIZILKAYA
Romatolojik Hastalıklarda Beslenme
Osman CÜRE
Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği Hastalarında Beslenme
Özge TEKDEMİR
Ekrem KARA
Kardiyolojide Beslenme
Hüseyin DURAK
Akciğer Hastalıklarında Beslenme
Songül ÖZYURT
Kronik Karaciğer Hastalıklarında Beslenme
Halil ATASOY
Malabsorbsiyonlu Hastada Beslenme
Serdar DURAK
Süheyla RAHMAN
Kanser Hastalarında Beslenme
Kadir İLKKILIÇ
Kritik Hastalarda Beslenme
Güleren YARTAŞ DUMANLI
Yatan Hastalarda Enteral Beslenme
Hatice BEYAZAL POLAT
Yatan Hastalarda Sıvı Tedavisi
Kamil KONUR
Parenteral Beslenme
Hatice BEYAZAL POLAT
Integración de tecnologías multimedia en la enseñanza de la comprensión lectora: Un enfoque interactivo para la educación básica superior
Authors: León Ruíz Merci Eufemia , Cuasapaz Michay Mayra Alejandra , Barreto Domínguez Carlos Mauricio , Bermeo Castillo Rita Claudia , Chávez Reyes Johana Esther , Chávez Reyes Ana Belén , Baque Rodríguez Janeth Alexandra
Published: February 2025

El artículo denominado "Incorporación de tecnologías multimedia en la instrucción de la compren-sión lectora: "Un enfoque interactivo para la educación básica" examina la manera en que las he-rramientas multimedia pueden modificar las metodologías pedagógicas convencionales con el obje-tivo de potenciar la comprensión lectora en alumnos de nivel básico. En un entorno académico en el que la alfabetización digital y el aprendizaje interactivo se vuelven cada vez más indispensables, este estudio examina el efecto de la incorporación de tecnologías como plataformas interactivas, videos educativos, aplicaciones móviles y recursos digitales en el desarrollo de competencias de lectura. El estudio adoptó una metodología mixta, integrando metodologías cualitativas y cuantitati-vas. Se llevó a cabo un estudio con una muestra de 180 estudiantes pertenecientes al tercer a sexto grado de educación básica, divididos en un conjunto experimental y uno de control. El conjunto experimental empleó tecnologías multimedia para llevar a cabo actividades orientadas hacia la comprensión lectora, tales como el examen de textos narrativos y expositivos, simulaciones interac-tivas y cuestionarios de formato gamificado. En contraposición, el grupo de control mantuvo la implementación de métodos convencionales fundamentados en la lectura orientada y la memoriza-ción. Los hallazgos indicaron que el conjunto experimental evidenció un incremento del 40% en las evaluaciones de comprensión lectora, en contraste con el 18% del conjunto de control. Adicional-mente, la implementación de tecnologías multimedia fomentó la motivación intrínseca de los alum-nos, con un 87% de los participantes del grupo experimental demostrando un incremento en el inte-rés y satisfacción en las actividades de lectura. Los resultados cualitativos también subrayaron que los educadores percibían las herramientas digitales como valiosas para personalizar el proceso de aprendizaje, fomentar la interacción y fomentar la autonomía de los alumnos. No obstante, el estu-dio identificó retos asociados con la necesidad de formación docente y la disparidad tecnológica en áreas rurales. Pese a estas restricciones, la investigación deduce que la incorporación de tecnologías multimedia no solo optimiza la comprensión lectora, sino que también intensifica capacidades del siglo XXI tales como el pensamiento crítico, la creatividad y la alfabetización digital. En última ins-tancia, se sugiere la implementación de este enfoque en diversos niveles educativos y áreas del cu-rrículo, garantizando un acceso equitativo a recursos tecnológicos y programas de capacitación pe-dagógica.
ACESSO À TESTAGEM PARA O HIV NA PERCEPÇÃO DE PESSOAS VIVENDO COM HIV USUÁRIAS DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE
Authors: Ribeiro Denis Fernandes da Silva , Fidalski Solena Ziemer Kusma
Published: February 2025

Apesar de todos os recentes avanços na prevenção, no diagnóstico e no tratamento, a infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) persiste como uma questão relevante à saúde pública. Hoje, estima-se uma prevalência de 0,7% na população, com um total de 39,9 milhões de pessoas vivendo com HIV em todo o mundo. Deste total, somente 86,5% (34,5 milhões de pessoas) conhecem seu status sorológico positivo para o HIV (Unaids, 2024). No Brasil, vivem aproximadamente 1 milhão de pessoas com HIV, as quais dispõem do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para acesso gratuito à testagem e ao tratamento. O SUS é o principal responsável, através dos seus diferentes serviços e estratégias assistenciais, para acesso à cascata de cuidado contínuo do HIV (Rossi, 2020; Santos & Zambenedetti, 2023). Dentro da cascata de cuidado contínuo (Rossi, 2020), a testagem é componente fundamental, exercendo papel preponderante para o diagnóstico e para o acesso ao tratamento (Monteiro et al., 2019). A testagem para o HIV é, ainda, relevante estratégia para redução da epidemia, ao permitir que as pessoas conheçam seu status e iniciem a terapia antirretroviral e o monitoramento clínico. Para a UNAIDS, a testagem é um dos caminhos para acabar com a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) até 2030 (Unaids, 2023). Entretanto, persistentes barreiras dificultam o acesso à testagem no Brasil e no mundo (Monteiro et al., 2019; Cota & Cruz, 2021; Unaids, 2023). Estas barreiras, que podem ser individuais, estruturais e geográficas, acarretam atrasos no diagnóstico e no tratamento e impactam negativamente a qualidade de vida e a saúde de pessoas vivendo com HIV. Assim, considerando o impacto destas questões na qualidade da assistência prestada e na vida das pessoas vivendo com HIV, torna-se fundamental investigar a percepção dos usuários do SUS sobre as barreiras associadas à testagem para o HIV no Brasil. Ao compreender suas experiências e necessidades, é possível identificar os pontos críticos do sistema, propor intervenções que visem ampliar a testagem e superar os obstáculos e facilitar o acesso ao diagnóstico precoce.
PERFIL DOS SERVIÇOS PRIVADOS DE VACINAÇÃO NAS CAPITAIS BRASILEIRAS E PARTICIPAÇÃO NAS COBERTURAS VACINAIS, 2018 A 2020: UM ESTUDO DESCRITIVO
Authors: Silva Leia Regina da , Luhm Karin Regina
Published: February 2025

Vacinas salvam da morte e melhoram a qualidade de vida de milhões de pessoas e, nos últimos 50 anos, a vacinação foi responsável por salvar mais vidas no mundo do que qualquer outro produto ou procedimento médico (Homma et al., 2023). Isso se deve ao fato dessa ser uma das intervenções mais custo-efetivas e seguras que compõe os programas de saúde em todo o mundo (Rappuoli; Hanon, 2018; WHO, 2021). Ao contrário da maioria dos medicamentos, cujo benefício é individual, as vacinas têm repercussões mais amplas, pois, além do efeito direto nos indivíduos imunizados, atuam indiretamente na comunidade pela proteção coletiva. No entanto, para se usufruir desses benefícios é necessário vencer algumas barreiras, tais como, alcançar altas coberturas vacinais de forma a limitar a disseminação das doenças; garantir homogeneidade dessas coberturas para evitar bolsões de susceptíveis; garantir a qualidade dos imunobiológicos e demais insumos, bem como as técnicas adequadas de aplicação; ampliar o acesso das pessoas aos serviços de saúde e minimizar as barreiras socioeconômicas e culturais (Barata et al., 2023). O desenvolvimento e produção de imunizantes é um processo longo e com altos riscos financeiros e, até o início da pandemia da covid-19, o tempo médio de desenvolvimento de uma nova vacina era de dez anos. A despeito dos riscos e das inúmeras fases de desenvolvimento, considerando o fato de os benefícios das vacinas serem bastante expressivos, há grandes investimentos de empresas farmacêuticas multinacionais em pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação tecnológica na busca de novos produtos vacinais (Mao; Chao; Stevanim, 2020; Homma et al., 2020). No Brasil, o uso de imunizantes remonta 1804, quando as primeiras vacinações contra a varíola foram realizadas (Moraes; Ribeiro, 2008) e até os tempos atuais, Oswaldo Cruz, Vital Brazil, Adolpho Lutz e instituições como Instituto Pasteur, Instituto Adolph Lutz, Instituto Butantan, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, entre outras tiveram papel importante em diversos momentos do cenário epidemiológico, trabalhando para a disponibilização de vacinas e soros, bem como com para a estruturação de serviços e realização das atividades de imunização no país (Brasil, 2013).
SÍNDROME RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE NOTIFICADA AO SIVEP-GRIPE ENTRE 2018 E 2021 NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Richter Isabella Bueno Ferreira Donadon , Gomes Adrian Gustavo Kalçovski , Fiorentin Ana Carolina Geffer Dalla Vecchia , Dück David Lemke , Luhm Karin Regina
Published: February 2025

Vigilância em saúde pública é a coleta, análise, interpretação e disseminação sistemática e contínua de dados sobre um evento relacionado à saúde para orientar ações de saúde, visando a redução da morbimortalidade e a melhoria da saúde da população, constituindo-se numa ferramenta essencial para a adequada alocação de recursos nos sistemas de saúde, bem como na avaliação de efetividade e impacto de programas, serviços e ações de saúde. (GERMAN et al., 2001, BAGATIN, E. 2006, OPAS, 2010). No conjunto de agravos definidos como prioritários para a vigilância, a influenza merece destaque pelo risco de complicações, que podem levar a hospitalizações e morte e pelo grande potencial de ocasionar surtos, epidemias e pandemias visto a sua elevada capacidade de transmissão no cotidiano da vida de toda a população, tornando o seu acompanhamento uma prioridade mundial. Somente nos séculos XX e XXI aconteceram quatro pandemias pelo vírus influenza: a gripe espanhola (1918), a gripe de Hong Kong (1969), a gripe russa (1978) a gripe suína (2009) (COSTA, MERCHAN-HAMANN, 2016). Segundo dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde, uma epidemia sazonal de influenza pode infectar entre 5 a 15% da população, acometendo principalmente menores de dois anos, idosos e portadores de doenças crônicas. Estima-se cerca de três a cinco milhões de casos graves, com 250 a 500 mil mortes por influenza no mundo anualmente (OMS). Desde 1952 Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) coordena uma rede de vigilância da gripe, a Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) com mais de 130 Centros Nacionais de Influenza (NICs) no mundo e que coleta e testa amostras clínicas com o objetivo de monitorar alterações na antigenicidade dos vírus influenza; orientar a seleção de cepas para as duas recomendações anuais da vacina contra influenza; e fornecer amostras de vírus para uso em produção de vacinas (WHO, 2012), além de monitorar alterações na geneticidade do vírus influenza. Embora o GISRS tenha sido criado para a gripe, ele também serve como recurso crítico para a vigilância de doenças respiratória virais não relacionadas à gripe como as epidemias de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) por novos coronavírus surgidas a partir de 2003, reforçando a importância da ampliação da vigilância para outros vírus respiratórios (LANA, 2000, WHO, 2022). No Brasil, a implantação do Sistema de Vigilância da Influenza teve início em 2000 (BARROS et al., 2004) através da vigilância sentinela da Síndrome Gripal (SG). Em 2009, com a pandemia de influenza (H1N1), o Ministério da Saúde (MS) implantou a vigilância universal da SRAG (BRASIL, 2019).
Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação utilizadas durante a pandemia no Ensino Básico: o que foi e o que fica?
Authors: Vidal Alba Valéria da Silva Machado , Santos Eduardo Ferro dos
Published: February 2025

A pandemia do COVID-19 impactou significativamente a educação em todo o mundo, forçando as escolas de ensino básico a adotarem rapidamente as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) para facilitar o aprendizado remoto. Este trabalho visa explorar o uso das TDIC durante a pandemia em escolas de ensino básico, demonstrando como foram especificamente empregadas e quais os resultados sob o ponto de vista da eficácia e dos seus potenciais implicações de longo prazo para a educação. Ao investigar tanto a resposta inicial quanto o uso sustentado dessas tecnologias, este estudo busca determinar quais mudanças ocorreram no ensino médio e quais aspectos provavelmente permanecerão além da pandemia.
A Predicted Great Dimming of T Tauri: Has it Begun?
Authors: Beck Tracy L.
Published: February 2025

The optical star in the T Tauri triple system is the prototype of young Sun-like stars in our galaxy. This complex and dynamic system has evidence for misaligned disks and outflows, and molecular material in a circumbinary ring that obscures the southern infrared binary, T Tau South. Observations by members of the American Association of Variable Star Observers show that T Tau North, the optical star, has dimmed by up to  ∼2 mag in the visual over the course of the past decade. The dimming across the B, V, R, and I bands has a color character typical of changes in interstellar medium extinction, suggesting an increase in obscuration along the line of sight to T Tau North. Material associated with the circumbinary ring around T Tau South has been predicted to occult the optical star via wide-scale orbital motion of the system. Through analysis of the geometrical configuration and motion of dust structures in the system, it seems that a great dimming of T Tau North by line-of-sight material associated with the T Tau South binary has, in fact, begun. Based on the extent and motion of the circumbinary ring material associated with the southern binary, T Tau North will likely experience dimming events for decades to come and may disappear entirely from the optical sky as the densest midplane region of the ring traverses our line of sight.
ALMA 0.1 pc View of Molecular Clouds Associated with High-mass Protostellar Systems in the Small Magellanic Cloud: Are Low-metallicity Clouds Filamentary or Not?
Authors: Tokuda Kazuki , Kunitoshi Yuri , Zahorecz Sarolta , Tanaka Kei E. I. , Murakoso Itsuki , Harada Naoto , Kobayashi Masato I. N. , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Sewiło Marta , Konishi Ayu , Shimonishi Takashi , Zhang Yichen , Fukui Yasuo , Kawamura Akiko , Onishi Toshikazu , Machida Masahiro N.
Published: February 2025

Filamentary molecular clouds are an essential intermediate stage in the star formation process. To test whether these structures are universal throughout cosmic star formation history, it is crucial to study low-metallicity environments within the Local Group. We present an analysis of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) archival data at the spatial resolution of  ~0.1 pc for 17 massive young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC; Z  ~ 0.2 Z
⊙). This sample represents approximately 30% of the YSOs confirmed by Spitzer spectroscopy. Early ALMA studies of the SMC have shown that the CO emission line traces an H2 number density of  ≳104 cm−3, an order of magnitude higher than in typical Galactic environments. Using the CO(J = 3–2) data, we investigate the spatial and velocity distribution of molecular clouds. Our analysis shows that about 60% of the clouds have steep radial profiles from the spine of the elongated structures, while the remaining clouds have a smooth distribution and are characterized by lower brightness temperatures. We categorize the former as filaments and the latter as nonfilaments. Some of the filamentary clouds are associated with YSOs with outflows and exhibit higher temperatures, likely reflecting their formation conditions, suggesting that these clouds are younger than the nonfilamentary ones. This indicates that even if filaments form during star formation, their steep structures may become less prominent and transition to a lower-temperature state. Such transitions in structure and temperature have not been reported in metal-rich regions, highlighting a key behavior for characterizing the evolution of the interstellar medium and star formation in low-metallicity environments.
High Lithium Abundance Connection with the Chromospheric Helium in Red Giants: Spectroscopic and Asteroseismic Analyses
Authors: Mallick Anohita , Sneden Christopher , Reddy Bacham E. , Afşar Melike
Published: February 2025

We present a study of correlations between high Li abundances and strong chromospheric He i
λ10830 absorption-line strengths in Kepler field giant stars. Our sample includes 84 giants with detectable solar-like oscillations in their light curves, and their Li abundances come from the literature or are measured here using LAMOST medium-resolution spectra. Evolutionary phases are determined through asteroseismic analysis, with mixed-mode period spacing (ΔP) used to infer the time evolution of red clump (RC) giants. Near-IR observations of the He i
λ10830 line were obtained with the high-resolution Habitable-zone Planet Finder spectrograph on the Hobby–Eberly Telescope. We find high Li abundances and strong He i lines exclusively among RC giants, with their absence in red giant branch stars suggesting a shared origin linked to the He flash. Additionally, a steady decline in He i strength with decreasing Li abundance among RC giants indicates a correlation between these properties. Older, Li-normal RC giants are He weak, while most younger, super-Li-rich giants are He strong, suggesting temporal evolution of both phenomena. We hypothesize that the core He flash and subsequent subflashes may enhance Li abundances in RC giant photospheres and trigger heightened chromospheric activity, leading to stronger He i
λ10830 lines in younger RCs. Over time, following He flash, chromospheric activity diminishes, resulting in weaker He i lines in older, Li-normal RCs.
Studying the Radiation of a White Dwarf Star Falling onto a Black Hole
Authors: Nikołajuk Marek , Karpiuk Tomasz , Ducci Lorenzo , Brewczyk Mirosław
Published: February 2025

We investigate electromagnetic and gravitational radiation generated during the process of the tidal stripping of a white dwarf star circulating a black hole. We go beyond Chandrasekhar’s ideas and not only consider the white dwarf itself as a quantum object, but also describe the dynamics of the produced accretion disk in a quantum way. We model the white dwarf star as a Bose–Fermi droplet and use the quantum hydrodynamic equations to simulate the evolution of the black hole–white dwarf binary system. While going through periastron, the white dwarf loses a small fraction of its mass. The mass falling onto a black hole is a source of powerful electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. Bursts of ultraluminous radiation are flared at each periastron passage. This resembles the recurrent flaring of X-ray sources discovered recently by Irwin et al. Gravitational energy bursts occur mainly through emission at very low frequencies. The accretion disk, formed due to stripping of the white dwarf, starts at some point to contribute continuously to radiation of both electromagnetic and gravitational types.
Lupus cardiomyopathy in young woman with high lupus activity
Authors: Borizanova-Petkova A. , Somleva D. , Kinova E. , Koleva V. , Zdravkova Y. , Goudev A.
Published: February 2025

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting predominantly young women. Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus is common and the typical manifestations are pericarditis, myocarditis, valvular disease, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and congestive heart failure. Clinical lupus myocarditis typically occurs early during lupus, in the context of high disease activity. It may present as an acute illness or have a chronic course with the development of cardiomyopathy. We present a clinical case of young patient who developed a severe dilated cardiomyopathy as a ﬁ rst manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Permanent atrial fibrillation is associated with worse echocardiographic parameters and an unfavorable prognosis
Authors: Ilieva R. , Kinova E. , Slavchev B. , Kalaydzhiev P. , Georgieva N. , Konstantinova M. , Goudev A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Atrial ﬁ brillation is the main etiological factor leading to the development of atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM). The different types of atrial ﬁ brillation (AF) are characterized by varying severity of atrial dysfunction, symptoms, and prognosis. Objective: The aim of our study is to analyze the echocardiographic parameters of patients with atrial cardiomyopathy with paroxysmal and permanent atrial ﬁ brillation and to investigate the prognosis of these patients. Material and Methods: We studied 180 consecutive patients with advanced atrial cardiomyopathy, deﬁ ned as a severely dilated left atrium with indexed volume (LAVI) ≥ 48 ml/m², preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF > 50%), without the presence of primary valvular diseases or ventricular dysfunction. We divided patients with ACM into two groups depending on whether they were with paroxysmal AF (n = 88) or with permanent AF (n = 92). All patients underwent detailed echocardiography with volumetric and speckle tracking analysis at inclusion. Results: The mean age of patients with ACM was 74.1 ± 8.7 years, with 58% being women. The ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle in patients with permanent AF were signiﬁ cantly lower than those in patients with paroxysmal AF. This was also true for the left atrial reservoir strain (LASr: 10.2 ± 4.6% vs. 23.7 ± 7.9%, p < 0.001). Similar ﬁ ndings were observed in the volume of the right atrium, right ventricular function parameters, and right atrial reservoir strain (RASr: 12.1 ± 6.9% vs. 24.4 ± 8.0%, p < 0.001). Patients with permanent AF also showed a signiﬁ cantly higher grade of tricuspid regurgitation. Over a mean follow-up of 19 months, the mortality rate was signiﬁ cantly higher in the permanent AF group at 20%, compared to 8% in the paroxysmal AF group (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Patients with atrial cardiomyopathy and permanent atrial ﬁ brillation exhibit signiﬁ cantly worse echocardiographic parameters, including those of the right heart chambers, and have a poorer prognosis compared to those with paroxysmal atrial ﬁ brillation.
Clinical case of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Spasova N. , Kinova E. , Savova R. , Genova K. , Garcheva M. , Goudev A.
Published: February 2025

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a systemic disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid ﬁ brils in various tissues, leading to progressive neurological manifestations and the development of cardiomyopathy, necessitating timely diagnosis and treatment. This article presents a clinical case of a 74-year-old patient with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv), diagnosed using non-invasive imaging methods – echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT-CT) – and conﬁ rmed through molecular genetic analysis revealing a mutation in the TTR gene. The main clinical features of the disease, imaging ﬁ ndings, and therapeutic strategies in the context of the presented case are discussed.
Atherosclerosis research in the genomic era: global trends from 1983 to 2024
Authors: Amukti D.P. , Irham L.M. , Surono S. , El Khair R. , Adikusuma W. , Satria R. , Purwanto B.D. , Khairi S. , Chong R.
Published: February 2025

Atherosclerosis (AS) a chronic cardiovascular disease, poses a major threat to human health and remains one of the leading causes of mortality among the elderly. Genetic factors have long been recognized as contributors to the predisposition to heart and vascular diseases, with several studies suggesting that speciﬁ c genetic variants may inﬂ uence AS risk. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to explore scientiﬁ c literature related to AS throughusing genomic approaches, base on Scopus data spanning 1983 to 2024. A total of 1,702 studies related to AS research employing genomic approaches were identiﬁ ed, comprising 1,137 research articles, 445 review articles, and 120 documents in other categories. The ﬁ ndings reveal a marked rise in interest in regarding genomic approaches to AS, particularly since 2017, with the United States, China, and the United Kingdom leading in research output. International collaborations are also prevalent, with the United States contributing the most publications. Although contributions from Indonesian authors remain limited, there is signiﬁ cant potential for future involvement. Notably, the most cited article, authored by Naghavi et al. in 2003, focusing on genomics in AS. Overall, the bibliometric analysis provides valuable insights into research trends and advancements in the study of atherosclerosis through genomic approaches.
First record of Selaginella from Miocene amber
Authors: López-García Ana G. , Schmidt Alexander R. , Serguera Maité , Regalado Ledis
Published: February 2025

Among extant lycophytes, Selaginella (Selaginellaceae, spike mosses) is the most species-rich genus, with over 700 described species. The evolutionary history of this lycophyte genus dates back to the Carboniferous or even Devonian; however, amber-preserved Selaginella fossils were previously only described from mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. Here, we report the first fossil from Miocene Dominican amber attributable to Selaginella based on macromorphological characters and compare the fossil morphology to extant species of the genus. Selaginella jorelisiaesp. nov. can be identified based on the presence of symmetric ovate dorsal trophophylls with scattered teeth or cilia at the margins and an aristate apex, and ventral elliptic trophophylls with an apiculate apex and rounded base, with cilia on the acroscopic proximal margin and teeth all along the rest of the margin. Fossil and subfossil Selaginella representatives from the Greater Antilles have been described based on middle Oligocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene microspores or megaspores. Selaginella jorelisiae fills a gap in the local fossil record as it represents the first evidence of Selaginellaceae from the Miocene of these islands. While the previously discovered rich cryptogamic diversity from Dominican amber is considered to represent epiphytic communities, S. jorelisiae was most likely a component of the herbaceous layer of these humid tropical forests.
Mitochondrial genome and transcription of Shiraia-like species reveal evolutionary aspects in protein-coding genes
Authors: Shen Xiao-Ye , Cao Xue-Ting , Huang Xiao-Bo , Zhuo Lan , Yang Hui-Meng , Fan Li , Hou Cheng-Lin
Published: February 2025

Shiraia-related species are well-known bambusicolous fungi in Dothideomycetes class, with high value in traditional medicine for producing hypocrellin, as an anticipated photosensitiser. The complete mitogenomes of hypocrellin-producing Pseudoshiraia conidialis strains were analysed in the present study, with functional gene variations through comparative genomics and transcriptomics. Five strains (ZZZ816, CNUCC1353PR, JAP103846, CNUCC C72, CNUCC C151) were sequenced, which indicated similar genome characteristics. Two of them possess an extra atp6 gene, and the associated variable fragment “HSP1-HSP2-atp6_2” correlates closely with hypocrellin production capacity. Therefore, these five strains were divided into three groups: ZZZ816 and CNUCC1353PR possessing high production efficiency, CNUCC C72 and JAP103846 with low yield and CNUCC C151 as a transition type. The gene expression changes were screened under various conditions. ZZZ816-related species showed significant changes in mitochondrial genes, especially HSP1, HSP2 and atp6_2, linked closely to hypocrellin synthesis and stress response; rps3 expression also consistently correlated with hypocrellin production. JAP103846 group showed a stable expression pattern divergently, except for rps3 suppression by blue light. These findings would provide new insights into secondary metabolite regulation and ROS resistance.

Above all, this study conducted the comprehensive analysis of Shiraia-like fungi mitogenomes and functional gene expression, which can update the understanding of fungal evolution and potential for improved hypocrellin production.
Energy-aware Application Mapping onto 3D Mesh-Based Network-on-Chip using Heuristic Mapping Algorithms
Authors: K A Kiran , Jacob Jaison
Published: February 2025

Network-on-chip (NoC) architectures have emerged as a potential solution for facilitating communication between processing elements (PEs) in modern multi-core systems. The design and optimization of NoC architectures are critical for achieving efficient communication, reduced energy consumption, and improved overall system performance. In this study, we investigate and compare the performance of two prominent optimization algorithms, like Genetic Algorithm (GA) and CastNet Algorithm, for 2D and 3D mesh NoC architectures. The study’s objective is to estimate these algorithms’ effectiveness in optimizing communication cost, communication energy, and CPU run time in both 2D and 3D mesh NoC architectures. Performance metrics such as communication cost, communication energy consumption, and CPU run time are measured and compared between the two algorithms and carried out on real and custom benchmark applications like MWD, VOPD and MPEG4.
On the identity and typification of Viola tenuis Bentham (Violaceae)
Authors: Huang Yan-Shuang , Gale Stephan W. , Zhang Jinlong , Fan Qiang
Published: February 2025

Viola tenuis Benth. was first described by George Bentham in 1842, without any type specimen designated, but with a collection record by Richard Brinsley Hinds in 1841. Currently, Viola tenuis is considered a synonym of another species according to Plants of the World Online (POWO). However, based on a combination of morphological and molecular evidence, we propose reinstating Viola tenuis as a distinct species. Our analysis places it within Viola sect. Plagiostigma subsect. Diffusae, where it shows morphological similarities to five other species endemic to Guangdong Province, China. We designated the type of V. tenuis here and assigned additional KFBG specimens to the species.
Phloeosinus metasequoiae sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Phloeosinini), a new insect pest of Metasequoia glyptostroboides in China
Authors: Ning Hang , Deng Ruixiong , Huang Beibei , Xiao Kaitong , Huang Jingjing , Hong Jianfeng , Yi Yongmei
Published: February 2025

We describe herein a previously unknown species of bark beetle, Phloeosinus metasequoiae Ning, sp. nov., which was discovered in the Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve, Hubei Province, China. This new species can be distinguished from other species in the genus Phloeosinus Chapuis, 1869 by its deeply emarginate compound eyes, coarse frontal and prothoracic surfaces, reticulate texture, and deeply V-shaped basal margin of the elytra. Phylogenetic analyses based on the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the large nuclear ribosomal subunit (28S) genes indicated that the new species represents an independent lineage with the closely related Phloeosinus aubei (Perris, 1885), to which it has a 95% similarity. The new species is known only from the type locality. Diagnoses, descriptions, photographs, and a distribution map are presented, along with a description of host plant damage.
Dosage des folates sériques et érythrocytaires
Authors: Brailova Marina , Eitel Michael , Minet-Quinard Régine , De Bouver Émeline , Sapin Vincent , Oris C.
Published: February 2025

Les folates (vitamine B9) regroupent un grand nombre de molécules dont la structure dérive de l’acide folique. Cette vitamine hydrosoluble est nécessaire au fonctionnement harmonieux de l’organisme. Une carence peut entraîner une anomalie de fermeture du tube neural chez le fœtus, une anémie macrocytaire ou des atteintes neurologiques et cardiaques. Pour explorer le statut folique, il est conseillé de doser la vitamine B9 dans le sérum ou les érythrocytes. À l’heure actuelle, un dosage automatisé (méthode par compétition) est essentiellement réalisé par les laboratoires de biologie médicale. Les concentrations sériques ou érythrocytaires apportent des informations différentes sur le statut nutritionnel du patient. Le dosage érythrocytaire est techniquement plus complexe, car il nécessite une étape préalable d’hémolyse, et les variabilités intra et inter-techniques sont plus grandes. Néanmoins, il conserve son intérêt si l’échantillon est hémolysé ou chez les patients en post-dialyse. En revanche, le résultat ne sera pas interprétable en cas de carence en vitamine B12.
Physiologie ganglionnaire : Quelques rappels
Authors: Lesesve J.-F. , Tsikplonou M. , Maloum Karim
Published: February 2025

Cellules dendritiques folliculaires, centroblastes, cellules épithélioïdes, zone T, la cytologie ganglionnaire réserve quelques expressions bien spécifiques ! Un court rappel de la physiologie habituelle est présenté, en mettant en situation les cellules observées par le cytologiste. La connaissance de la physiologie des cellules ganglionnaires est indispensable pour l’interprétation des frottis et la déduction d’un diagnostic.
Lecture d’une cytologie ganglionnaire : proposition d’une procédure type
Authors: Maloum Karim , Lesesve J.-F. , Settegrana C. , Feutrie Michel , Duroyon Eugénie , Freynet N. , Goustille J. , Lellouche Franck , Mayeur-Rousse Caroline , Almire C. , Bouyer Sabrina , Bulliard G. , Osman J. , Brouzes C. , Lobos Germán
Published: February 2025

Les étapes clés de la lecture d’une cytologie ganglionnaire sont proposées dans un document-cadre. Elles ont été validées par un panel de cytologistes impliqués dans cette analyse.
Alexandre Yersin, un bactériologiste, explorateur et agronome
Authors: Simonet Michèle
Published: February 2025

Alors qu’il termine ses études de médecine à Paris à la fin des années 1880, Alexandre Yersin rencontre Émile Roux avec lequel il débute ses recherches dans le domaine des maladies infectieuses. En étudiant la diphtérie, il met au jour un concept nouveau : une bactérie pathogène peut agir à distance de sa porte d’entrée chez un hôte en sécrétant une toxine diffusible dans tout son organisme. Mais la découverte à l’origine de sa renommée internationale est celle de l’agent responsable de cette peste qu’il isole lors d’une épidémie à Hong Kong en 1894 et la mise au point d’une sérothérapie de cette maladie. Après avoir exploré l’intérieur de l’Indochine, Yersin s’établit en 1895 à Nha Trang (Annam), au bord de la mer de Chine, où il crée un Institut Pasteur. Cet institut, qui étudie les épizooties du cheptel indochinois (avant tout, la peste bovine), sera ultérieurement réuni avec celui de Saïgon (Cochinchine) sous le nom d’Instituts Pasteur d’Indochine, dont Yersin assurera la direction. Yersin s’est également investi, une grande partie de sa vie, dans l’agronomie et a notamment implanté sur le sol indochinois deux arbres d’importance économique, l’hévéa ou arbre à caoutchouc et le quinquina producteur de quinine. Humaniste et généreux, Yersin aura contribué à l’essor indochinois et, à titre posthume, sera nommé citoyen d’honneur du Vietnam.
Using Literature Circles in Online Discussions as a Form of Bibliotherapy and Critical Language Pedagogy
Authors: Woodcock Christine
Published: February 2025

In this qualitative action research case study, the participants were graduate students who were practicing teachers taking a literacy methods hybrid course. Participants were assigned weekly literature circles roles as a way of engaging with textbook reading in an online discussion forum. In exploring the use of literature circles as a form of critical language pedagogy, three themes were discovered. First, participants found the use of literature circles, even non-fiction textbook roles, biotherapeutic in nature. Second, participants found the use of literature circles empowering, frequently relating course content to social justice causes, and discovering agency in their teaching, especially in articulating new curriculum ideas for their students. Third, participants cited how by participating in literature circles themselves, they in turn saw the benefits and genuinely wished to employ it in their own workplaces.
Kidney Stone Detection Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Vanithamani R. , Keerthana K. , Suchindran Pavithra
Published: February 2025

Kidney stones, formed from urine-derived molecules like uric acid and calcium oxalate, are a growing global health issue, affecting 11% of men and 9% of women. Diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity increase the risk. This study aims to detect kidney stones in CT images using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) methods. A dataset of 12,446 CT images from Kaggle was used. Pre-processing involved median filtering and erosion, followed by segmentation using gradient vector flow. Features like mean, contrast, and entropy were selected using the Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA) and classified with XG Boost, achieving 98% accuracy. Four DL models—Modified CNN, VGG-16, LSTM, and Bi-LSTM—were compared. Bi-LSTM outperformed with 99% accuracy. The BOA+XG Boost combination also surpassed standard XG Boost, showing improved accuracy, sensitivity, and F1 score. These results suggest DL models, especially Bi-LSTM, are effective for detecting kidney stones.
Advanced Fuzzy Logic for Predicting Hospital Readmissions in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Khekare Ganesh , Dasarwar Priya , Turukmane Anil V , Khekare Urvashi , Sharma Pooja , Ameta Gaurav Kumar
Published: February 2025

The development of the predictive model for forecasting hospital readmissions among diabetic patients represents a remarkable footstep in applying fuzzy logic techniques. The proposed model Utilizing Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks, the model has indicated a magnificent accuracy rate of 83% during pilot testing, this development results in a 39% reduction in the 30-day readmission rate. Although the model's current state is promising, several areas need focused attention for the establishment of its successful deployment in realistic situations and long-term sustainability. Ongoing research efforts should enhance model interpretability, explore new data sources, and maintain relevance through evolving architectures and methodologies. By addressing these multifaceted challenges through a comprehensive and iterative approach, this predictive model can potentially revolutionize chronic illness management, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced operational costs within healthcare systems.
HFM-YOLO
Authors: Gao Xinyi , Nguyen Minh , Yan Wei Qi
Published: February 2025

In this book chapter, we introduce HFM-YOLO, a novel object detection model tailored for precise and efficient face mask detection. Based on the existing YOLOv8 framework, the model integrates the HGNetV2 backbone and RepConv layers while enhancing the object detection capabilities. Our evaluation using the Face Mask Detection dataset demonstrates HFM-YOLO's superior performance in precision, recall, and computational efficiency compared to the standard YOLO architectures. These results highlight its potential applicability in visual object detection.
New Frontiers in Machine Learning Optimization
Authors: Dehankar Pooja , Das Susanta
Published: February 2025

Machine learning (ML) optimization techniques serve as essential for training models to achieve high performance in a diverse areas. This chapter offers a thorough summary of machine learning optimization techniques. This chapter analysis the development of optimization techniques over time. A number of common optimization constraints are also discussed. Developing a model that works effectively and provides accurate predictions in a certain set of instances is the main objective of ML. We require ML optimization to accomplish that. The practice of modifying hyper parameters with an optimization technique to minimize the cost function is called ML optimization. Because the cost function indicates the difference between the actual value of the estimated parameter and the value predicted by the model, it is crucial to reduce it. This chapter will provide a general explanation of the workings and drawbacks of the ML optimization strategies. Numerous advancements in machine learning optimization techniques have been put forth in this chapter.