bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of quality of work life in health care workers at adult critical care units
Authors: Quiñones-Rozo Laura del Pilar , Canaval-Erazo Gladys Eugenia , Sandoval-Moreno Lina Marcela
Published: December 2023

Background
Some of the health workforce qualified as front-line health care workers work in precarious conditions, which results in inadequate global distribution and quality of health care.
Objective
To identify predictors of the quality of work life of healthcare workers in adult critical care units.
Methods
Quantitative study, cross-sectional analytical design with stratified two-stage sampling; three instruments were applied to 209 healthcare professionals in adult critical care units in different sites in a region of Colombia, concerning Quality of Life at Work - GOHISALO, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire - COPSOQ and Professional Quality of Life - ProQoL V. Multiple ordinal logistic regression was performed with exposure variables from the COPSOQ and ProQoL domains; the outcome variables were the dimensions of the Quality of Work Life instrument. Ethical standards for research involving human subjects were ensured.
Results
According to the results of the multiple logistic model, quality of work life is predicted by job integration and predictability (OR = 6.93; 95%CI = 3.6–13.9), leisure time management and double presence (OR = 4.5; 95%CI = 1.22–8.79). Both job satisfaction and job security are related to leadership quality (OR = 3.82; 95%CI = 2.27–6.55 and OR = 3.18; 95%CI = 1.22–8.79) respectively.
Conclusions
The quality of work life of healthcare workers in adult intensive care units is predicted by quantitative demands, double presence, emotional demands, work pace, predictability, vertical trust, predictability, and quality of leadership.
Assessing the utility of strontium isotopes in fossil dental calculus
Authors: Dosseto Anthony , Dux Florian , Eisenhofer Raphael , Weyrich Laura
Published: December 2023

Strontium (Sr) isotopes measured in fossil remains have been a useful tool to assess the geographical origin and even migrations of humans and other animals. In particular, dental enamel generally provides as the ideal material, as it is dense and less prone to diagenetic replacement of Sr post-burial. However, fossil teeth can often be precious artefacts and difficult to access for destructive analysis. Here, we assess whether measuring Sr isotopes in fossil dental calculus could be used at least as a rangefinder to determine the geographical origin of an individual. We measured trace element concentrations in modern calculus (from a local dental practice), and trace element concentrations and 87Sr/86Sr ratios in human fossil calculus, dentine and enamel from specimens collected in York, UK. Comparing trace element concentrations between modern and fossil calculus show that metals present in fossil calculus are mostly acquired post-burial, including Sr. The relationship between 87Sr/86Sr and Rb/Sr ratios in fossil calculus, dentine and enamel suggests that the diagenetic endmember would have a 87Sr/86Sr ratio consistent with the one modelled for the York region, but a low Rb/Sr. Without calculus data, dentine and enamel data would have probably suggested a lower 87Sr/86Sr ratio for a diagenetic endmember, expecting high Rb/Sr values. Thus, while Sr isotopes in fossil calculus may not be useful to identify the geographical origin of an individual, they may be useful in constraining the composition of the diagenetic endmember. Combining Sr isotopes in fossil dental calculus and enamel could be a more robust approach to identify geographical origin, than using enamel alone.
Assessing Land Use Change and Its Impact on Ecosystem Services in Khulna Conurbation
Authors: Ferdous Md. Salman , Islam G. M. Tarekul , Islam A. K. M Saiful , Haque Anisul
Published: December 2023

In this research, the land-use change of Khulna Conurbation has been dissected utilizing Landsat images from 1987 to 2018 through GIS analysis and its effect on the ecosystem has been decided with the assistance of auxiliary information. The study showed that in Khulna Conurbation, built-up territory expanded from 1343 ha to 4332 ha (223%) from 1987 to 2018. On the contrary, vegetation, water bodies, and river area decreased during that period. The ecosystem service values for all land use categories were negative except for urban built-up. The largest amount of decline was observed in the vegetation area (US $ 11.79 million) followed by rivers and water bodies. The built-up is the major contributor to ecosystem services in this area and has largely affected the ecosystem. Proper district and Upazilla level land use plans should be implemented to maintain the sustainable growth of the city and enhancement natural ecosystem services.
Prawdziwe „ja” a chrześcijańska tożsamość w świetle książki Richarda Rohra Nieśmiertelny diament. W poszukiwaniu prawdziwego ja
Authors: Łagosz Marek
Published: December 2023

Prawdą jest, że każdy ma prawo do poszukiwania tak zwanego swego własnego „prawdziwego ‘ja’”. Jednak, aby je znaleźć, trzeba najpierw określić, czym ono właściwie jest. Różne tradycje kulturowe, religijne czy flozofczne podają rozmaite określenia. Wydaje się jednak, że franciszkański duchowny, jakim jest Richard Rohr w swych poszukiwaniach i poradach nader często wykracza poza ramy chrześcijańskiego pojmowania Boga i stworzenia. Główne błędy, które wydają się występować w jego dziele, to: błąd panteizmu (albo przynajmniej panteistycznych skłonności), relatywizacji dróg prowadzących do prawdziwego „ja”, funkcjonalnego traktowaniareligii chrześcijańskiej oraz swego rodzaju „liberalizmu soteriologicznego”.
Wolność religijna w Nigerii: a fanatyzm a obojętność rządu
Authors: Iwenofu Mary Joan
Published: December 2023

Nigeria jest największym i najbardziej zaludnionym krajem w Afryce, liczącym 220 milionów mieszkańców i 350 plemion etnicznych wyznających głównie religię chrześcijańską i islamską. Chrześcijanie i muzułmanie nieustannie walczą ze sobą i przelewają krew w walce o wyższość, liczbę ludności, popularność, a takżeświeckość i uzyskanie większych praw. Stanowi to nie lada wyzwanie dla wolności religijnej w Nigerii. Islamscy ekstremiści, tacy jak Boko Haram, nieustannie atakująprzywódców religijnych, wyznawców wiary, a także domy modlitwy, bezkarnie uprowadzając i dokonując egzekucji ze względu na ich tożsamość religijną. Ponadto dochodzi obecnie do masowej przemocy między społecznościami a milicją, nieustannych porwań oraz przestępczości, które między innymi destabilizują wolność religijną w Nigerii. Niestety, wobec tej przerażającej skali przemocy w kraju, rząd pozostaje bezczynny. Rząd federalny nie zdołał ograniczyć tego zjawiska aniochronić praw swoich obywateli do wolności wyznania i przekonań. Podczas gdy nigeryjska konstytucja, która została przyjęta w 1999 roku (kiedy w kraju zapanowały rządy demokratyczne), ma chronić wolność religijną wszystkich obywateli, w praktyce zaś wielu Nigeryjczyków spotyka się z wrogością z powodu swojej religijności. Są oni narażeni na różne oskarżenia i wyroki skazujące za bluźnierstwo, przemoc i akty agresji. Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na fanatyzmie religijnym (fundamentalizmie), który utrudnia wolność religijną w Nigerii, a także na bezczynności rządu. Opracowanie zaleca odpowiednią edukację religijną i deradykalizację fanatyków religijnych, a także zaangażowanie nigeryjskiego rządu i agencji bezpieczeństwa w celu zapewnienia wolności religijnej, wdrażając lepsze rozwiązania w zakresie ochrony wszystkich obywateli. Nigeryjczycy powinni czuć się bezpiecznie praktykując wybraną przez siebie religię.
Unum esse cum Deo. Moral Implications Of Faith In The Light Of Geistliche Texte I And II Of Saint Teresa Benedicta Of The Cross (Edith Ste in)
Authors: Chojnacki Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

In the spiritual texts contained in two volumes of Geistliche Texte I and II (ESGA, Vol. 19 and 20), St. Teresa Benedicta of the Cross (Edith Stein) presents the personal experience of faith in God and God, which calls man to respond to the call to live with Him in the communion of persons. Stein tries to explain the essence of deep Christianity, which she considers not only as a cultural-traditional religion, but as a daily effort to work out the time to realize the principle of unum esse cum Deo, in accordance with the chosen way of life vocation and its implementation. The answer to God’s call is imperative, it flows from the inside of man and is not imposed on him externally.
Film images of Christ in contemporary cinema
Authors: Łęcicki Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Presentation of film images of Christ in contemporary cinema. Showing the integral relationships of cinema with literature and religion. Postulating the distinction of a new genre of religious film, namely the apocryphal film. Analysis of selected films showing the life and mission of Jesus of Nazareth. Presenting false images of Christ.
Rev. dr. Edmund Nowicki – Apostolic Administrato r in Gorzów Wielkopolski
Authors: Wejman Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Rev. PA Edmund Nowicki PhD, a priest of the Archdiocese of Gniezno i Poznań, was strongly associated with Gorzów Wielkopolski through his priestly ministry and with Gdańsk through his episcopal ministry. The work in the apostolic administration in Gorzów Wielkopolski was particularly difficult for him. The enormous area – 1/7 of Poland’s area, the lack of basic religious ministry tools and the difficulties arising from the then authorities posed extremely big problems in creating the pastoral life in the newly created church unit in these lands. More than five years of his work in Western Pomerania and the Lubusz region brought great achievements in the form of a very well-functioning church organization,only permanent church structures were lacking, but   nfortunately political factors did not lead to their implementation. This success is the fruit of his fortitude, solid theological and legal background and personal sensitivity. Rev. PA Dr Edmund Nowicki is a great Pole, priest and bishop.
Joseph Ratzinger/Benedetto XVI : verso una teologia positiva, incarnata e crocifissa
Authors: Panaro Antonio
Published: December 2023

Celem teologii według Josepha Ratzingera jest przedstawienie jasnej i przystępnej wykładni wiary, której bezpośrednim adresatem jest człowiek współczesny. Dlatego Ratzinger nie stworzył żadnego systemu teologicznego, pozwalającego jak najlepiej przedstawić prawdy wiary w sposób zrozumiały dla człowieka żyjącego dziś. Właśnie dzięki przystępności swojej syntezy teologicznej oraz ze względu na wymiar katechetyczny i głębię refleksji Ratzinger zdobył uprzywilejowane miejsce wśród najwybitniejszych teologów posoborowych. Podczas gdy w epoce pochrześcijańskiej stawia się pod znakiem zapytania całośćzagadnienia wiary, a nie tylko pewne jej prawdy, Ratzinger przedstawia kwestię „wiara–wiedza”, „wierzyć–wiedzieć” w nowym świetle. Ratzinger chciał uwolnić wiarę od kompleksów wobec rozumu, twierdząc, że wiara i zwątpienie tkwią jednakowo w człowieku wierzącym i niewierzącym. Podczas gdy dla pierwszych wiara pojawia się wbrew wątpliwościom, dla drugich jawi się ona, ale za pomocą i w formie wątpliwości. W hermeneutyce jego teologii znajdujemy propozycję teologii pozytywnej, wcielonej i ukrzyżowanej.
model of farmers' independence in processing and marketing agricultural products
Authors: Suryathi Ni Wayan , Karyati Ni Ketut , Sunariani Ni Nyoman , Yastini Ni Nengah , Sumantri I G. A. N. Alit , Dyatmika I Nyoman Gede Arya , Wiratanaya Gede Nyoman
Published: December 2023

This study aims to discover the model of farmers’ independence in processing and marketing agricultural products in Subak-Abian Tri Guna Karya, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. This study used quantitative and qualitative data. The data were collected through structured interviews, observation, and documentation. The data was then analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques and statistical analysis with PLS (Partial Least Square). From the data, we discovered that the model of farmers’ independence in processing and marketing their agricultural products is by increasing emotional independence in driving agribusiness through developing quality human resources by increasing specific individual skills (life of skill) and strengthening individual capacity (individual capacity building) in order to strengthen institutional capacity (institutional development capacity building) based on the Subak-Abian Institution.
Una cosmovisión emergente por causa del Covid-19
Authors: Iglesias Ortega Enoc , Pherez Gómez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In the current article, it is intended to draw attention to the conservation of rigid or inserious positions in the face of environmental facts associated with the pandemic, and motivate a change in the way of understanding the world. Events have occurred in stages prior to the pandemic, there have been events during the pandemic and events that have occurred after the pandemic (if this plague ever ends). Objective. This exercise of intellectual production in confinement, from confinement, or because of confinement, is a novel or atypical experience that seeks that as social and thinking human beings, we spend time reflecting on deficit and vulnerable conditions. Reflection. It is necessary to seek adequate solutions and contribute them to the community to which one belongs, in the context of a possible emerging worldview. Conclusion. The Covid-19 pandemic has shaken the foundations of life for human beings, throughout the world, without qualms or predilections. It is convenient to slow down the pace of life of individuals and societies, in search of times and spaces for reflection regarding new thoughts that help to have another vision of the world.
ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ НА КЛІНІЧНУ ЕВОЛЮЦІЮ ЦУКРОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ ТА ЯКІСТЬ НАДАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛІЗОВАННОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ ХВОРИМ НА ЦЮ ЕНДОКРИНОПАТІЮ В УМОВАХ ЗБРОЙНОГО КОНФЛІКТУ
Authors: Микитюк Мирослава , Тітова Юлія , Смольницька Світлана
Published: December 2023

Менеджмент цукрового діабету (ЦД) особливо складний під час гуманітарних криз, обумовлених збройним конфліктом. Огляд літератури має на меті визначити детермінанти, які можуть покращити менеджмент ЦД у гуманітарному контексті.
Виділені наступні проблеми менеджменту пацієнтів з ЦД в умовах збройного конфлікту: продовольча безпека; зниження фізичної активності через обмежений простір і проблеми безпеки; обмежений доступ до медичних установ та ліків; нестача людських ресурсів, які мають підготовку та досвід роботи з хворими на ЦД; недоступність або неадекватна забезпеченість індивідуальними засобами самоконтролю і витратних матеріалів до них; економічні труднощі; побутові проблеми (втрата або пошкодження житла); соціально-психологічна дезадаптація та емоційний ефект, властивий самій війні.
Обстежено 170 пацієнтів з ЦД 1 (n=67) та 2 (n=103) типів. Серед досліджуваних 28,2% (n=48) були внутрішньо переміщені особи і 15,2%, ті що певний час знаходилися безпосередньо в зоні бойових дій. Проведено порівняльний аналіз основних клінічних і біохімічних показників досліджуваних у довоєнний період (за даними історій хвороби за 2021 рік) з такими під час війни. Визначено, що відсутність належного контролю захворювання під час війни призвела до появи хронічних ускладнень ЦД: у 4,1% вперше діагностовано дистальну полінейропатію, у 3,5% – метаболічну кардіоміопатію, у 12,9% – ішемічну хворобу серця, у 7,6% – артеріальну гіпертензію, у 7,6% – метаболічно-асоційовану жирову хворобу печінки, а у 1,17% – синдром діабетичної ступні.
При опитуванні на проблеми з забезпеченням цукрознижувальними лікарських засобів вказували 8,3% респондентів і 66,7% на проблеми з доступністю засобів самоконтролю захворювання (глюкометри, тест-смужки). 80,5% респондентів вказували на відсутність умов для дотримання рекомендацій по дієтичному харчуванню. Більше 60% респондентів відмічали на короткотривалі (декілька днів) або довготривалі (тижнями) епізоди відсутності самоконтролю захворювання через недоступність засобів самоконтролю або несприятливі умови (перебування в укриттях, евакуація тощо).
Перебування в зоні гуманітарної кризи негативно відображається на клінічному перебігу ЦД, сприяє розвитку або прогресуванню вже існуючих хронічних ускладнень. З огляду на це необхідні подальші дослідження для з’ясування епідеміології ЦД в умовах гуманітарної кризи та розробки спрощених, економічно ефективних моделей медичної допомоги хворим на цю ендокринопатію.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ РІВНІВ АДЕНОЗИНМОНОФОСФАТ-АКТИВОВАНОЇ ПРОТЕЇНКІНАЗИ ТА ХЕМЕРИНУ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ЦУРОВИМ ДІАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПУ ТА ПОДАГРИЧНИМ АРТРИТОМ ЯК ПРОГНОСТИЧНИХ МАРКЕРІВ ПОРУШЕННЯ ВУГЛЕВОДНОГО ОБМІНУ
Authors: Журавльова Лариса , Стоянова Юлія
Published: December 2023

Актуальність. Цукровий діабет 2 типу (ЦД 2 типу) – багатофакторне епігенетичне захворювання, яке має широку поширеність у світі. Встановлено, що комбінація подагричного артриту (ПА) та ЦД 2 типу є досить розповсюдженою. У дослідженнях було встановлено, що гіперурикемія збільшує інсулінорезиствнтність та пригнічує ефекти інсуліну, що є патогенетичним шляхом розвитку ЦД 2 типу, тому вивчення біохімічних зв’язків між пуриновим та вуглеводними обмінами є необхідним. Для оцінки в якості маркерів, що відображають стан вуглеводного обміну у пацієнтів з ЦД 2 типу та ПА, були обрані аденозинмонофосфат-активована протеїнкіназа (AMPK) та хемерин.
Мета роботи: аналіз рівнів AMPK і хемерину та визначення їх кореляційних взаємозалежностей з показниками вуглеводного метаболізму у пацієнтів з цукровим діабетом 2 типу та подагричним артритом.
Матеріали та методи. У дослідженні приймали участь 100 пацієнтів обох статей, які були розподілені на 2 групи: 1 група – пацієнти із ПА та ЦД 2 типу, n=70; 2 група – пацієнти із моноперебігом ПА, n=30. Контрольна група – 20 відносно здорових осіб. Всім тематичним хворим оцінено рівні сироваткового хемерину, AMPK, глюкози крові натще, глікованого гемоглобіну, інсуліну за загальноприйнятими методиками; індекс HOMA-IR був розрахований математично. Для статистичного аналізу використовували коефіцієнт лінійної кореляції Пірсона (r) та дисперсійний аналіз. 
Результати. Найнижчі рівні AMPK (8,56±4,01 нг/мл) отримані у пацієнтів 1 групи порівняно до 2 групи (21,93±4,87 нг/мл, p1,2<0,0001) та групи контролю (26,37±5,56 нг/мл p1,К<0,0001). Визначено більш високі рівні хемерину серед пацієнтів 1 групи (12,51±3,92 нг/мл) та 2 групи (9,86±2,66 нг/мл) відносно групи контролю (3,41±1,42 нг/мл, p<0,0001). При коморбідному поєднанні ЦД 2 типу та ПА були відзначені вірогідні кореляційній взаємозв’язки переважно середньої сили між показниками АМРК (зворотні), хемерину (прямі) та вуглеводного метаболізму серед обстежених хворих.
Висновки. Виявлені кореляційні зв’язки між AMPK, хемерином та показниками вуглеводного обміну дозволяють стверджувати, що вищевказані маркери грають патогенетичну роль та мають діагностично-прогностичну значущість відносно виявлення інсулінорезистентності у хворих на подагричний артрит та оцінки ступеню важкості цукрового діабету 2 типу у пацієнтів із коморбідною патологією.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ АНКЕТИ-ОПИТУВАЛЬНИКА ДЛЯ РАННЬОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ ПЕРВИННОГО ГІПЕРПАРАТИРЕОЗА
Authors: Гончарова Ольга , Дубовик Віктор , Сазонов Максим
Published: December 2023

Мета дослідження. Розробка анкети-опитувальника для опортуністичного скринінгу первинного гіперпаратиреозу.
Матеріали та методи. У відділенні ендокринної хірургії ДУ «ІПЕП» було розроблено та апробовано анкету-опитувальник для ранньої діагностики захворювання. Групу дослідження склали 50 пацієнтів, які були прооперовані впродовж 2021-2023 років із встановленим діагнозом первинного гіперпаратиреозу (ПГПТ). Контрольну групу/групу порівняння складали 138 пацієнтів без ПГПТ, які звернулися за медичною допомогою у зв'язку з тиреоїдною патологією до клінічних підрозділів ДУ «ІПЕП».
Результати. Серед скарг у хворих із первинною патологією паращитоподібних залоз переважали: хронічний больовий синдром у верхніх та у нижніх кінцівках, наявність дегенеративно-дистрофічних змін у хребті, зниження росту, когнітивні порушення, наявність артеріальної гіпертензії, задишки, сечокам’яної хвороби. Звертає на себе увагу наявність у певної частини осіб контрольної групи кожної з розглянутих скарг, що свідчить про неспецифічність такої симптоматики, але частота наявності деяких факторів була вірогідно більшою на тлі ПГПТ. До таких факторів увійшли ураження кісткової системи: хронічній біль в кінцівках, зменшення зросту; патологія обміну солей: сечокам’яна хвороба та подагра; судинні ускладнення: гіпертонічна хвороба та ішемічна хвороба серця.
Висновки. Симптоматика проявів первинного гіперпаратиреозу в цілому не є специфічною тільки для цієї патології, але більш патогномонічні є клінічні прояви з боку кісткової системи та сольового обміну. Перспективною виглядає розробка та впровадження організаційного алгоритму обстеження осіб з метою раннього виявлення патології.
Prediction Total Digestible Nutrient value of forage and feedstuffs from their chemical characteristics
Authors: Sarubbi Fiorella , Auriemma Giuseppe , Pappalardo Raffaele , Grazioli Giuseppe
Published: December 2023

Total Digestible Nutrient Value of forage and concentrate and nutritional characteristics and develop a prediction equation using the chemical composition variables as predictors. Nutrient chemical characteristics data were obtained from 278 forage and 87 feedstuffs. The data included dry and organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash, fiber composition, and non-fiber Carbohydrate. Stepwise regression was used to eliminate variables that did not influence variation in the model and used 0.05 as the critical probability level.

Data were then randomly divided into two parts; two-thirds of the data was used to estimate the Total Digestible Nutrient, whereas the remaining part was used to validate the estimated Total Digestible Nutrient and was analyzed by multiple linear regressions. Total Digestible Nutrient in forage was negatively correlated with Ether Extract, Acid Detergent Lignin, and Non-fibre Carbohydrate (P<0.01) but positively correlated with Crude Protein (P<0.01), ash, Neutral Detergent Fibre, and Acid Detergent Fiber. Total Digestible Nutrient in feedstuffs was negatively correlated with NFC (P<0.01) but positively correlated with Neutral Detergent Fibre (P<0.01), Acid Detergent Lignin (P<0.01), Ether Extract (P<0.01), Crude Protein (P<0.01), ash, and Acid Detergent Fiber (P<0.01). The results show that the Total Digestible Nutrient content can be accurately estimated starting from the chemical composition.

Keywords: total digestible nutrient; forage; concentrate; feed analysis.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Rhamnolipids Biosurfactant is Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Abdullah Alyousif Nassir , Al-tamimi Wijdan H. , Y. Al-luaibi Yasin Y.
Published: December 2023

Rhamnolipids are the glycolipid biosurfactant produced by different Pseudomonas species; they show antimicrobial activity and antioxidant. The findings of antimicrobial activity showed the rhamnolipid biosurfactant had an antimicrobial effect against the microorganisms at different concentrations, such as toward Bacillus cereus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, while a lower inhibitory effect toward Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The rhamnolipid biosurfactant was shown to have a lower inhibitory effect against fungal strains Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of rhamnolipid biosurfactant toward the investigated microorganisms were 2 mg/ml for E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 3 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus cereus, Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Rhamnolipid biosurfactant was tested as an antioxidant agent; the results showed 22.7 %, 47.4 %, 79.8 %, 85 % and 91.4 % of antioxidant activity at concentrations 5, 10. 15, 20 and 25 mg/ml, respectively. Cytotoxicity of the rhamnolipid biosurfactant was also examined at different concentrations against human erythrocytes. Hemolysis of the erythrocytes was observed at concentrations 100, 75, 50, 40 and 35 mg/ml, whereas the results exhibited no hemolysis at concentrations 25 and 15 mg/ ml. The study concluded that rhamnolipid biosurfactant showed effective antioxidant activity, no hemolysis at lower concentrations and has a high antimicrobial effect. The rhamnolipid biosurfactant is a suitable and great alternative to be employed as an effective and safe therapeutic agent.

Keywords: Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Cytotoxicity; Rhamnolipid; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Efficiency and economic feasibility of using Neonicotinoids against Flat-headed borer Chrysobothris affinis (Fabricius, 1794) (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) infesting Jujube orchards in Basra Province, Iraq
Authors: Alderawii Mohammed M. , Alyousuf Aqeel
Published: December 2023

A field study evaluated the efficiency and economic feasibility of using three Neonicotinoids to control Flat-headed borers infesting Jujube orchards in Basra Province during 2020 and 2021. The insecticides tested were Acetamiprid, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam, with recommended field application rates. This study showed that Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid provided the best protection to jujube trees, reflected in the high average efficiency (88.70% and 93.40%, respectively). Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam enhanced the production, with an average of 60.10 and 60.00 kg/tree, respectively, compared to 39.50 kg of the check trees. Thus, the study showed the highest economic return from controlling the flat-headed borers using Acetamiprid and Thiamethoxam (5714900 and 5676500 dinars/ dunum, respectively). In contrast, the economic returns of Imidacloprid were 5082900 Iraqi dinars/ dunum. These results confirmed that the high economic feasibility was related to the efficacy of the low-cost insecticides in reducing the fruit infestation rate and increasing the yield.

Keywords: Buprestidae; Insecticides; flat-headed borers; Economic visibility; Neonicotinoids.
New Records in Iraq and Arab Nations for some Fungi Isolated from Al-Barakia wastewater treatment plant in Al-Najaf Province
Authors: Mutlag Nihad , Hussain Douaa
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted in 2020 in the wastewater treatment plant in Al-Barakia Najaf, where samples were taken in November from the Bioshft unit and the compact unit from the plant to know the efficiency of the plant in treatment. The process of isolation and purification was Microbiology Laboratory_ Ecology and Pollution Department - College of Science - University of Kufa. Its diagnosis was carried out at the Plant Virus Laboratory - College of Agriculture - the University of Karbala, and (19) fungal isolates isolated from wastewater treatment plants were diagnosed. These isolates were analyzed using the PCR technique and determination of the nucleotide sequences of the polymerase chain reaction products that were amplified from those isolates using ITS4 and ITS1 primers. It belonged to the fungus A. caespitosus. and isolated A flavus (7,8), T. asperellum (9-11) A.tubingensis (12), A.terrus(13), A.niger (14,15), A. alternata (16), C.sphaerospermum (17), A.oryzae (18), Acremonium sp (19), similarity rate of 100% with isolates registered with the NCBI. The results show that all the isolated fungi diagnosed in this study are recorded globally. However, they are not recorded in Iraq, and (5) isolates are not recorded in the Arab nation and Iraq, including A. tubingensis, C.sphaerospermum, A. alternate, and A.oryzae, while the isolate Acremonium sp. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI, it is registered only in Germany under the number (AJ557731), and the similarity rate is 100% with the isolate diagnosed in this study.

Keywords: wastewater; Molecular Identification; fungi; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR); DNA sequence analysis.
Diversity of Butterflies associated with Brassicaceae crops in Basra, Iraq
Authors: Nasser Jaber Faisal , Alyousuf Aqeel , Al-Saffar H. H.
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to investigate the seasonal presence and characterization of the group of butterflies (abundance, richness and biodiversity) in the agroecosystem of Brassicaceae plants in the Basra province. Two different ecosystem sites (Karmat Ali at the sedimentary habitat and Al-Zubair region at the desert habitat) were sampled during the growing season of 2020/2021. There are 823 and 507 individuals at the Karmat Ali and Al-Zubair sites, respectively; the specimens consist of 9 butterflies belonging to four families. The most abundant family was Nymphalidae (60%), followed by Lycainidae (28%) and Pieridae (9%), while Hesperiidae recorded the lowest relative abundance of 3%. The highest butterfly population was recorded for Vanessa Carudi, while Pieris rapae had the lowest density. The results showed differences in abundance, species richness, and Diversity of butterflies at the sites. The highest values of Diversity and richness were at Karmat Ali, compared to the Al-Zubair region. The study of butterflies' abundance and biodiversity indices indicated that environmental factors and the polyculture plantations support the butterfly population in agricultural habitats.

Keywords: Basra; Biodiversity; Brassicaceae; Butterflies; Shannon index; Richness.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Apis mellifera L. Honey, Propolis, Royal Jelly in Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Abdulla Banaz , Rashed Rukhosh , Hamasalih Rebwar , Shekh Faraj Tishk , Rashid Nashmil , Hamamurad Hozan
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted at a laboratory in the Biology, College of Education, University of Salahaddin, from February to May 2022 to investigate propolis, honey and royal jelly’s chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The honeybee production extract showed that Gram (+) bacteria were more resistant to the antibacterial compounds of honey and propolis than Gram (-) bacteria and fungi. E. coli was a more sensitive isolate than all the other bacteria examined against the honey types tested. At the same time, it revealed more resistance against all types of propolis. Royal jelly with honey displayed more antimicrobial activity than other bee products and exhibited superior activity; the minimum inhibitory concentration of honey and propolis samples ranged from 32 to 512µg/mL. The MIC value of the most effective honey (Honey 1, Honey 2 and Royal jelly) was 32µg/mL. The lowest concentration of Qaladze propolis was (32µg/mL) for E. coli ATCC 25922, followed by 128µg/mL in some other propolis types.

Keywords: Apis mellifera; antimicrobial activities; honey; propolis; royal jelly.
Untapped Potential of Unobtrusive Observation for Studying Health Behaviors
Authors: Benton Jack S , French David P
Published: December 2023

Improving the environment is an important upstream intervention to promote population health by influencing health behaviors such as physical activity, smoking, and social distancing. Examples of promising environmental interventions include creating high-quality green spaces, building active transport infrastructure, and implementing urban planning regulations. However, there is little robust evidence to inform policy and decision makers about what kinds of environmental interventions are effective and for which populations. In this viewpoint, we make the case that this evidence gap exists partly because health behavior research is dominated by obtrusive methods that focus on studying individual behavior and that are less suitable for understanding environmental influences. In contrast, unobtrusive observation can assess how behavior varies in different environmental contexts. It thereby provides valuable data relating to how environments affect the behavior of populations, which is often useful knowledge for effectively and equitably tackling population health challenges such as obesity and noncommunicable diseases. Yet despite a long history, unobtrusive observation methods are currently underused in health behavior research. We discuss how developing the use of video technology and automated computer vision techniques can offer a scalable solution for assessing health behaviors, facilitating a more thorough investigation of how environments influence health behaviors. We also reflect on the important ethical challenges associated with unobtrusive observation and the use of these emerging video technologies. By increasing the use of unobtrusive observation alongside other methods, we strongly believe this will improve our understanding of the influences of the environment on health behaviors.
Retos y placeres en hacer la biografía de La Güera Rodríguez
Authors: Arrom Silvia Marina
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo trata los retos y placeres que enfrentó la autora en escribir la biografía de doña María Ignacia Rodríguez (1778-1850), mejor conocida como La Güera Rodríguez. Explica la metodología que usó para desenredar a la verdadera mujer de los mitos que se han desarrollado sobre ella en los siglos XX y XXI al convertirla en una figura icónica de la historia mexicana. Analiza las virtudes y limitaciones de las fuentes primarias y secundarias relevantes y considera las tentaciones que pueden descarrilar al historiador, como el enamorarse del sujeto y rellenar la narración de su vida con toques ficticios.
Hacia una nueva biografía de Agustín de Iturbide
Authors: Del Arenal Jaime
Published: December 2023

El artículo da cuenta del itinerario intelectual del autor para develar durante más de treinta años y desde la perspectiva de la nueva historia constitucional la obra de Agustín de Iturbide a partir, fundamentalmente, de la publicación de su programa político lanzado en Iguala en febrero de 1821, y propiciar así un replanteamiento historiográfico del personaje tan deformado tanto por una historiografía al servicio del poder como por otra conservadora y apologética. Se destaca el descubrimiento y la importancia de documentos hasta ahora inéditos, así como la nueva lectura de otros ampliamente conocidos, pero malamente interpretados.
Educating the Senses: Pepe Zúñiga and Mexico City’s Rebel Generation
Authors: Vaughan Mary Kay
Published: December 2023

Educating the Senses: Pepe Zúñiga and Mexico City’s Rebel Generation seeks to track the feelings, desires, and expectations shaped and nurtured by educating institutions in the generation of Mexico City youth that came of age from early 1960s and undertook a massive student rebellion of 1968. The story is told through the memories and experiences of painter Pepe Zúñiga. It particularly focuses on his interaction with the mass media (radio, music, film) as well as theater. The methodology combines extensive and deep oral interviewing complemented by primary and secondary sources.
Caminos entreverados: dos trayectorias intelectuales. Sobre Trilce Laske. Los caminos del éxito. Dos hombres de saber novohispanos (1683-1705)
Authors: Mejía Torres Karen Ivett
Published: December 2023

Reseña crítica sobre un libro de historia intelectual publicado el año 2023 que aborda la trayectoria de dos clérigos jesuitas en Nueva España, principalmente sus estrategias de promoción. 
Laske, Trilce (2023), Los caminos del éxito. Dos hombres de saber novohispanos (1683-1705), Lejona, Universidad del País Vasco/ EuskalHerriko Unibertsitatea, 236 pp., ISBN: 978-84-1319-542-1
E-Commerce and Entertainment Industry Impaired By Covid
Authors: Jain Nehal
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The covid 19 pandemic has had a dualistic impact on media and entertainment (M&E). When we look at the services of our industry, it is clear that covid has been a boon to services like e-commerce, entertainment, etc., while it has become detrimental to production companies that have drastically closed down, cinemas have closed down, etc. In short, one can conclude that whatever the process, consumer segment or product, they have all been directly or indirectly affected by this pandemic [1].
Detecting Phishing Website Using Machine Learning
Authors: Tripathi Abhishek
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The Internet has grown to be an essential aspect of our lives, but it has also given rise to instances of harmful activity, such as phishing, that may be carried out anonymously. Phishers attempt to trick their victims by using social engineering techniques or building dummy websites in order to get personal data from people and businesses, including usernames, account IDs, and passwords. Despite the fact that several techniques have been put out to identify phishing websites, scammers have developed ways to evade detection. Machine Learning is one of the best techniques for identifying these harmful actions. This is due to the fact that machine learning techniques can recognise some common traits shared by the majority of phishing assaults. In order to anticipate phishing websites, we compared the outcomes of many machine learning techniques in this article.
Ethanol Production from Jaggery Powder
Authors: Pawar Mr. R. M. , Arekar Smt. S.S. , Patil Smt. M.M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This exploration depicts about the Development of Ethanol by Jaggery. We use Jaggery which assists us with creating the Ethanol. Ecologically maintainable energy sources are called for because of contemporaneous advancement in businesses alongside the fast speed of urbanization. Ethanol created from biomass can be thought as a spotless and most secure fluid fuel and an option in contrast to fossil and oil fills are they have given exceptional natural, key financial advantages. For as far back as decade, it has been seen that there is a rising pattern found in bioethanol creation which has made an upgrade to go for progression in bioethanol creation advancements. A few feed stocks have been utilized for the bioethanol creation yet the secondage bioethanol has focused on the lignocellulose biomass. Plenteous lignocellulose biomass on the planet can be tapped for Ethanol creation, yet it will require huge advances in the ethanol creation process from lignocellulose as a result of a few specialized and monetary obstacles tracked down in business scale. The principal objective of the ongoing task is to decrease the purposes of Fuel in the public arena since it isn't eco-accommodating for nature. Trial studies have been done to enhance the pre-treatment process for expanding the proficiency of bacterial hydrolysis, the effective transformation of glucose from Jaggery corrupting microorganisms and to change over sugars delivered to Ethanol by utilizing Maturation process. Processing, refining, aging and parchedness associated with the Creation of Ethanol. In the aging system, the yeast breaks down the glucose into sucrose and fructose. The Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae was utilized for aging cycle, which helped in changing over the jaggery into sugar and isolated in refining process. This audit will incorporate the ongoing status of bioethanol creation. During the examination we got 250ml of Ethanol from 1kg of Jaggery blended in with 1liter of water. As far as their monetary and ecological practicality alongside some exploration holes as well as strategy ramifications.
Analysis of Energy Efficiency Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Deepa Dr. N. , Krithika Mrs.T.J
Published: December 2023

Abstract: A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)isacollectionoftinypower,multifunctional,andcommunications nodes that observe and records one or more parameters at distinct places. Then,it converts recorded data to signals that can be processed. Such nodes are randomly implementedon a large or small scale, this becomes a significant field for study because these networks areusedtodayinnumerousconsumerandindustrialapplications,forinstanceinhealthcare,industry, transport system, government security, military systems, agriculture, and underwatersensor systems [1, 2]. The deployment of a huge amount of sensor nodes may enable greatermonitoring with high accuracy, but it can be very costly or even impossible to charge or replacebatteries because of the challenging deployed environment. These scattered sensor nodes arecapable of collecting and transferring data back to an internal base station (BS) or other sensors,sending and receiving information drain node's energy, Therefore, the best way to improve thelife of WSN is by selecting information transfer paths to minimize the complete drainage ofenergy along the route and to balance the load between the nodes [3]. The BS can be either amobileora fixed node that connects thesensor network t oacurrent infrastructure for communication or the internet. Since the WSNs have become an important element of the modern infrastructure of communication. To transmit information to t heir destination effectively, the power consumption and maximize network lifetime have become the criticalparameterin routing protocols [4]
Physiological Aspect of Agni and its Role in Metabolic Activities: A Review
Authors: Thakur Sampada Dattatray
Published: December 2023

In the Ayurvedic medical system, Agni represents the primary force governing digestion and metabolism within the body. It manifests as the active component in bodily secretions responsible for catalyzing digestive and chemical processes. Physiologically Agni performs functions of digestion, absorption and assimilation of ingested food. Jatharagni holds a central position as it influences the functioning of both Bhutagni and Dhatvagni. Physiologically Jatharagni transforms ingested foods into Rasa and Mala. The Bhutagnis act on specific elemental components of food, nourishing the corresponding elements within the body. The Dhatvagnis operate on respective tissues, breaking them down into different parts. The overall transformative process led by Agni contributes to the maintenance of vital aspects such as Bala, Arogya, Ayu, Prana, Swasthyam, Varnam, Utsaha, Prabha, Ojha and Teja. Agni serves as a critical factor in transforming ingested substances of diverse origins into a uniform nature, converting consumed food into energy.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Agni, Digestion, Metabolism, Paka
Formulation Development and In-Vitro Evaluation of Transferosomal Gel of Mometasone Furoate
Authors: Begum Arshiya , Basha Syed Abdul Azeez , Mohammed Shahid , Begum Arjumand
Published: December 2023

The main aim of the study is to formulate and evaluate transferosomal gel formulation for effective topical delivery of Mometasone furoate. The transferosomes was prepared using thin film hydration technique by various proportions of Soya phosphatidylcholine, tween 80. The drug was encapsulated into eight different Transferosomal formulations from F1-F8. The optimized formulation F4 showed small particle size (152.48 nm), entrapment efficiency % EE of 87.16%, zeta potential of -32mV, 0.252 PDI and % Cumulative Drug Release of (97.14%). SEM of optimized Transferosome appeared as spherical, well identified, Unilamellar vesicles. The optimized formulation of Transferosomes was further formulated to transferosomal gel with Carbopol-940 (0.2 to 0.8% w/w), HPMC k15 (0.2 to 0.8% w/w), Propylene glycol, Triethanolamine and Isopropyl alcohol. Among these, F4 formulation with Carbopol-940 0.8%w/w transferosomal gel is the optimized transferosomal gel and showed Spreadability value 0.229±0.01gm.cm/sec, pH value 5.8. The actual drug content of the Transferosomal gel was found to be 98.90%, which represents good content uniformity. The viscosity of optimized Transferosomal gel was found to 55417cps. The percentage drug release for Transferosomal gel was 98.22%. And the formulation was stable throughout the stability studies. This research suggests that Mometasone Furoate loaded transferosomal gel can be potentially used as a transdermal drug delivery system for effective topical delivery.

Keywords: Mometasone Furoate, Transfersomes, Soya phosphatidyl choline and Tween 80.
A Review on Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Geetha Karra , Sasanka G. , Pridvineel S. , Banu Meraj Unnisa , Rama Rao T.
Published: December 2023

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune thyroid disorder first described by Japanese physician Haraku Hashimoto in 1912 characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid parenchyma and is influenced by immune system instability. The onset of autoimmunity may be influenced by innate and acquired immune responses. Thyroid autoantibodies (TAbs) are the primary biochemical feature. Epidemiological studies show AITD (autoimmune thyroid disease) risk is higher in women and is age-related. Risk factors include high iodine consumption, selenium insufficiency, infectious disorders, and specific medications. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors also contribute to HT. Pregnancy and sex steroids play a role in the development of autoimmune thyroiditis, with older women being more susceptible. The immune system is modified during pregnancy, with progesterone playing a significant role. About 20% of postpartum thyroiditis patients eventually develop HT. The symptoms include dysphonia, dyspnea, and dysphagia, with primary hypothyroidism causing greater systemic symptoms. Diagnosis involves circulating thyroid-specific antibodies, ultrasound examination, increased thyroid stimulating hormone, and normal serum thyroid hormone levels. Ultrasonography is crucial for diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroiditis, distinguishing it from other thyroid disorders like Graves' disease (GD). The treatment comprises levothyroxine, which effectively lowers thyroid volume, as well as vitamin D deficiency and replacement. Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) surgery has traditionally been reserved for people who have discomfort or compressive symptoms from goitre or co-existing malignant thyroid nodules. Thyroidectomy has lately been advocated as a treatment option for decreasing TPOAbs, as the presence of such antibodies is linked to a worse quality of life even in euthyroid patients.

Keywords: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) Vitamin D , Levothyroxine
Revolutionizing Drug Delivery: Nicardipine Nanosuspension Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Miskan Risha , Shahidulla S M , Sultana Sana
Published: December 2023

Nicardipine hydrochloride, is a potent calcium channel blocker, is commonly used in the management of hypertension and angina. It is a BCS class II drug which has low aqueous solubility and high permeability. In the present study, an attempt was made to formulate and evaluate nanosuspension of Nicardipine hydrochloride using different stabilizers, namely Tween 80, PVP K30, Poloxamer 188 by using Nanoprecipitation method with the objective to improve solubility and enhance dissolution of Nicardipine hydrochloride. Prepared nanosuspensions were evaluated for drug-excipient compatibility, particle size, PDI (Polydispersity Index), Zeta potential, Drug content, Saturation solubility, In-vitro release study, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with excipients. Nanosuspension (F3), which had the lowest particle size and the highest % Drug Release, was selected as the optimum formulation. It showed the droplet size, PDI, ZP,% Drug content and %Drug release of 150.4 nm,0.243, -30.6 mV,95.52%,91.24%. Kinetic release profiles of the NS F3 revealed that   it followed First order kinetics. This study showed the ability       of nanosuspension system in improving the solubility and drug release of Nicardipine.

Keywords: Nicardipine, Nanosuspension, Solubility, % Drug Release, % Drug content, Scanning electron microscopy.