bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes of Fully Covered Self-Expandable Metal Stents Versus Plastic Stents in Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Yeon Suk , Kim Eui Joo , Lee Hee Seung , Park Jeong Youp , Park Seung Woo , Song Si Young , Cho Jae Hee , Bang Seungmin
Published: April 2021

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) related main pancreatic duct (MPD) stricture has been a challenge for endoscopists. Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FC-SEMS) has been tried in CP patients, but the efficacy and safety are still controversial. Thus, we aim to compare the long-term clinical efficacy of FC-SEMS vs. plastic stent placement in persistent MPD strictures secondary to CP. Between 2007 and 2018, 80 chronic pancreatitis patients (58 males, median age 49 years), who underwent endoscopic placement of FC-SEMS (n=26) and plastic stent (n=54) for persistent MPD strictures, were retrospectively analyzed during a median follow-up duration of 33.7 months. As a result, MPD stricture resolution rate was statistically higher in FC-SEMS group (87.0% vs. 42.0%, p < 0.001). Although immediate complications occurred similarly (38.5% vs. 37.0%, p = 0.902), spontaneous migration (26.9%) and de novo strictures (23.1%) were pronounced delayed complications in FC-SEMS group. Pain relief during follow-up was significantly higher in FC-SEMS group (76.9% vs. 53.7%, p = 0.046). The total procedure cost was similar in both groups ($1,455.6 vs. $1,596.9, p = 0.486). In comparison with plastic stent, FC-SEMS placement for persistent MPD strictures had favorable long-term clinical efficacy, with its typical complications like spontaneous migration and de novo strictures.
The Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence Variation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Mulberry
Authors: Liangliang Guo , Yisu Shi , Mengmeng Wu , Ackah Michael , Peng Guo , Danyan Zheng , Lin Qiang , Zhao Weiguo
Published: April 2021

Mulberry is admired for its landscaping and possesses high development prospects and scientific research value. Mitochondria are the plants' powerhouse that produces energy to carry out life processes. In this study, the mt genome of Morus L(M. atropurpurea and M. multicaulis)were annotated and assembled. The circular mt genome of M. multicaulis has a length of 361,546bp, contains 54 genes, including 31 protein-coding genes, 20 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes and composition of A(27.38%), T (27.20%), C (22.63%) and G (22.79%). The sequence repeats, RNA editing gene and migration from cp to mt and was observed in M. multicaulis mt genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete mt genomes of Morus and other 28 species reflects an exact evolutionary and taxonomic status. Furthermore, we investigation on mt genome size, organization, and plastomes at the global level and pi analysis of Morus genome was investigated and compared to other land plants. The results indicate that the exist mt genome's variation in plants. We reported the mt genome assembly and annotation of a halophytic model plant, M. multicaulis, and subsequent analysis, which provided us with a comprehensive understanding of the Morus mt genome.
Hazardous Alcohol Drinking and Associated Factors Among Patients with Tuberculosis Attending Public Healthcare Facilities in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yohannes Kalkidan , Ayano Getinet , Koirita Kusse , Mulatu Henok , Mokona Hirbaye
Published: April 2021

Background: Hazardous drinking is a quantity or pattern of alcohol consumption that places individuals at risk for adverse health events. Studies have shown that hazardous alcohol drinking among patients with tuberculosis has been often linked to a decrease in immune system functioning, greater rates of treatment-resistant cases, and death during treatment. However, there are rare studies that assessed the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use and associated factors among patients with tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of hazardous alcohol drinking and associated factors among patients with tuberculosis attending public healthcare facilities in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected sample of 415 patients with tuberculosis. The study was conducted at the tuberculosis unit of public healthcare facilities in the Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. The Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT) scale was used to measure hazardous alcohol drinking. Data on social support, perceived tuberculosis stigma, and depression were collected using a standard, validated, and structured questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of hazardous alcohol drinking in our study was 20 % (95% CI; 16.1% -24.2%). Medical comorbidity (AOR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.29–4.62), length of illness (>=12 months) (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.03–3.04), and being male (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.17–3.77) were found to be significant predictors of hazardous alcohol drinking after controlling for potential confounders.Conclusion: A high prevalence of hazardous alcohol drinking was observed among patients with tuberculosis. Therefore, routine screening for alcohol use and a holistic treatment approach for patients with tuberculosis are crucial.
DksA is a central regulatory switch for stress protection and virulence in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Maharjan Ram , Sulivan Geraldine , Adams Felise , Delgado Natasha , Semenec Lucie , Dinh Hue , Li Liping , Short Francesca , Parkhill Julian , Paulsen Ian , Barquist Lars , Eijkelkamp Bart , Cain Amy
Published: April 2021

Bacterial coordination of stress resistance mechanisms in harsh environments is key to long-term survival and evolutionary success. In many Gram-negative pathogens, both general- and specific-stress response are controlled by alternative sigma factors such as RpoS. The critically important pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is notoriously recalcitrant to external stressors, yet it lacks RpoS, so the molecular control of its resilience remains unclear. Here, we used transposon insertion sequencing to characterize the molecular responses of Acinetobacter baumannii to two biologically-important metals stressors, zinc and copper, and discovered that the transcriptional regulator DksA acts as a major regulatory stress-protection switch. We mapped the highly pleiotropic nature of DksA using transcriptomics and phenomics and found that it controls ribosomal protein expression, metabolism of gluconeogenic substrates and survival in stresses that cause oxidative damage. A. baumannii strains lacking DksA were no longer virulent in both murine and Galleria mellonella in vivo models. In vitro, DksA mutants exhibited increased sensitivity to human serum and antibiotics yet promoted biofilm and capsule formation. Our study provides detailed insight into the unique role that DksA plays in stress protection and virulence for A. baumannii and lays the groundwork for understanding of RpoS-independent regulatory general stress response.
Self-Compassion in Medical Students: A Pilot Study of Its Association With Professionalism Pressure
Authors: Světlák Miroslav , Daňhelová Šárka , Kóša Barbora , Slezáčková Alena , Šumec Rastislav
Published: April 2021

Background: To be a “good doctor” and have “good medical practices” are apparent goals for both medical students and medical faculties. However, the associated implicit and explicit standards could be a source of distress in the form of pressure to achieve professionalism. Self-compassion has been identified as a transtherapeutic factor that plays a crucial role in developing and maintaining mental health. It seems to be an essential meta-skill to learn, especially for medical students who often perceive imperfection as failure. In this pilot study, we investigated the qualities that medical students attribute to the “good doctor” concept, how they perceive themselves compared to this concept, and whether any possible discrepancy between these two perspectives could be associated with self-compassion. Methods: Altogether, 301 medical students participated in the study (mean age 22.3 ± 2.1; 71.8% female). The discrepancy between concepts was measured by a semantic differential consisting of a list of 36 adjectives and antonyms that students repeatedly mentioned in courses in their responses to the question “What should a doctor be like?” Self-compassion was measured by the Self-Compassion Scale. Results: The obtained results offer an insight into students’ conceptualization of a “good doctor” and the hierarchy of given characteristics. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between the discrepancy between the “ideal” doctor concept vs. actual self-perception and Self-Compassion Scale scores. The more students are compassionate to themselves, the lower the discrepancy.Conclusions: The current pilot study supports the hypothesis that student self-compassion plays some role in the degree of discrepancy between the ideal “good doctor” image and student self-concept. This result could support the importance of educational interventions developing self-compassion for medical students. The proposed discrepancy measurement could also be a tool for measuring the effect of well-being programs aimed at self-compassion in medical students.
Phosphodiesterase 10A is a critical target for neuroprotection in a mouse model of ischemic stroke
Authors: Beker Mustafa C. , B.Caglayan Ahmet , Altunay Serdar , Ozbay Elif , Ates Nilay , Kelestemur Taha , Caglayan Berrak , Kilic Ulkan , Doeppner Thorsten R. , Hermann Dirk M. , Kilic Ertugrul
Published: April 2021

Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) hydrolyzes adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). It is highly expressed in the striatum. Recent evidence implied that PDE10A may be involved in the inflammatory processes following injury, such as ischemic stroke. Its role in ischemic injury was unknown. Herein, we exposed mice to 90 or 30 min middle cerebral artery occlusion, followed by the delivery of the highly selective PDE10A inhibitor TAK-063 (0.3 mg/kg or 3 mg/kg) immediately after reperfusion. Animals were sacrificed after 24 or 72 hours, respectively. Both TAK-063 doses enhanced neurological function, reduced infarct volume, increased neuronal survival, reduced brain edema, and increased blood-brain barrier integrity, alongside cerebral microcirculation improvements. Post-ischemic neuroprotection was associated with increased phosphorylation (i.e., activation) of pro-survival Akt, Erk-1/2 and GSK-3α/β, decreased phosphorylation (i.e., activation) of pro-survival mTOR, increased HIF-1α, MMP-9 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL abundance, and reduced pro-apoptotic Bax abundance. Interestingly, PDE10A inhibition reduced inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, including IFN-γ and TNF-α, analyzed by planar surface immunoassay. In addition, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed 40 proteins were significantly altered by TAK-063. Our study established PDE10A as a target for ischemic stroke therapy.
Investigation of Difference Between the Three Representatives of the Functional Status According to Executive Functions and Participation in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Bingöl Hasan , Günel Mintaze Kerem , Sel Sinem asena
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study aimed to explore whether the three functional status representatives differentiate according to actual performance in everyday life. Method: High to moderate functional motor and communication performance levels as described by Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), Gross Motor Function Classification System, and Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) were investigated in the context of the scaled scores of executive function tasks and participation in different life situations on ABILHAND-Kids and Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) questionnaires. The data were collected from 98 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) mainstreamed in regular schools (mean age 9,3 years [SD 3.0 years], [%95 CI:8.7-9.9]; 42 females, 56 males); 28,6% classified to level I, 29,6 % to level II, and 41,8 % to level III in MACS. Results: The study findings demonstrated that scaled scores of the executive function tasks and participation in different life situations increased with the greater MACS, GMFCS, and CFCS levels (p<0,5).Conclusion: Data from both MACS, GMFCS and CFCS might be useful to predict a child’s actual performance in daily life.
Assessment of quality and safety of pork treated with low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma
Authors: Moskalenko N. Yu. , Kudryashova O. A. , Kudryashov L. S. , Tikhonov S. L. , Tikhonova N. V. , Pestov V. V.
Published: April 2021

It is known that processing methods ensuring partial or full microbial inactivation are quite limited. Therefore, it is of great interest to develop technique and technologies allowing the effective action on microorganisms without a significant influence on product properties. The use of cold plasma can be one of the promising methods of meat product treatment by cold sterilization. The present work examines a possibility of chilled meat treatment with low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma to increase its stability to microbial spoilage and extend shelf life. To obtain low temperature plasma, the equipment developed by the designing department “Plasmamed” was used. Chilled meat was treated with low-temperature atmospheric-pressure argon plasma for 5, 10, 20 and 30 min. Samples were stored at a temperature of 2–4 °C for 10 days. Organoleptic indices, moisture weight fraction, changes in pH and water activity were analyzed before treatment and during storage. Sanitary microbiological analyses were carried out by the following indicators: quantity of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (QMAFAnM), the presence and quantity of coliforms, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus. It was shown that meat cold treatment with argon plasma inhibited the development of mesophilic microorganisms. The colony forming units detected in the samples after ten days of storage were determined by the duration of exposure to plasma. It was proved that meat treatment for 15 and 30 min had the bactericidal effect and facilitated an improvement in meat color during storage. The organoleptic indices of the samples treated with plasma corresponded to the requirements of standards and approved consumer characteristics.
Quality properties and storage stability of beef burger as influenced by addition of orange peels (albedo)
Authors: Baioumy A. A. , Abedelmaksoud T. G.
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of using the orange albedo (OA) on the quality attributes of low fat beef burger. The analysis included: chemical composition, water-holding capacity, cooking loss% and pH values as well as sensory evaluation of low fat beef burger prepared with the introduction of the OA with a concentration of 5% as a partial fat replacer were also studied. Microbiological analysis of frozen minced meat semi-finished products (burger patties, at minus 18 °C) stored for 126 days was included. According to the obtained results, the OA contains 1.47% of lipids, 1.42% of protein and 24.61% of dietary fiber. The result also showed that the usage of OA has a positive impact on organoleptic indicators of beef burger. Nutritional value, waterholding capacity, cooking loss% and pH of treated burger patties were improved. In addition, the caloric value of treatment samples decreased because of replacing the animal fat with the OA in recipe. During the storage of semi-finished products, Thiobarbituric values (TBA) showed that treatment samples substantially developed using OA instead of animal fat had a lower level of lipid oxidation compared to control samples. The shelf life of treated burger patties was significantly increased compared to control sample by decreasing the microbial growth and rate of fatty acids oxidation. Finally, OA could be accepted as a functional component in meat products.
Charge quantization and detector resolution
Authors: Riwar Roman-Pascal
Published: April 2021

Charge quantization, or the absence thereof, is a central theme in quantum circuit theory, with dramatic consequences for the predicted circuit dynamics. Very recently, the question of whether or not charge should actually be described as quantized has enjoyed renewed widespread interest, with however seemingly contradictory propositions. Here, we intend to reconcile these different approaches, by arguing that ultimately, charge quantization is not an intrinsic system property, but
instead depends on the spatial resolution of the charge detector. We show that the latter can be directly probed by unique geometric signatures in the correlations of the supercurrent. We illustrate these findings at the example of Josephson junction arrays in the superinductor regime, where the transported charge appears to be continuous. Finally, we comment on potential consequences of charge quantization beyond superconducting circuits.
The Folded Spin-1/2 XXZ Model: I. Diagonalisation, Jamming, and Ground State Properties
Authors: Zadnik Lenart , Fagotti Maurizio
Published: April 2021

We study an effective Hamiltonian generating time evolution of states on intermediate time scales in the strong-coupling limit of the spin-1/2 XXZ model. To leading order, it describes an integrable model with local interactions. We solve it completely by means of a coordinate Bethe Ansatz that manifestly breaks the translational symmetry. We demonstrate the existence of exponentially many jammed states and estimate their stability under the leading correction to the effective Hamiltonian. Some ground state properties of the model are discussed.
Brasil e Estados Unidos
Authors: Peres Milani Lívia
Published: April 2021

O objetivo neste artigo é analisar as relações Brasil-EUA, durante os anos de 2003 a 2010, com foco no campo da defesa e da segurança. Pergunta-se quais foram as estratégias brasileiras e como a busca de autonomia combinava-se às relações com a potência. O artigo está dividido em três seções, além da introdução e das considerações finais. Na primeira, o foco recai sobre a Política Exterior dos EUA para a América Latina, na segunda, discute-se a política exterior brasileira e, na terceira, analisa-se as relações bilaterais através de três temas: a construção do Conselho de Defesa Sul-americano, a assinatura do Acordo de Cooperação em Defesa (DCA) e a transferência de armamentos. Conclui-se que as relações bilaterais foram permeadas por um clientelismo fraco, no qual o Brasil impunha limites à parceria com os EUA sem desmontá-la.
Security for Two-Way Untrusted Relay against Constant and Reactive Jamming with Fixed Signals
Authors: Thai Chan , Quoc Bao Vo-Nguyen , Huynh De-Thu
Published: April 2021

Active attacking in physical-layer security has not been significantly studied while potentially causing serious consequences for the legitimate networks. In this paper, we propose a novel method to estimate and remove the jamming signals from multiple multi-antenna jammers in a two-way relay network with multi-antenna legitimate and relay nodes. We carefully consider the signals in the time slots in order to exploit the repetition of the signals and design the transmitted signals which can work in different cases. The numerical results show that the secrecy maximum achievable sum-rate (MASR) at the legitimate nodes is higher than that of the conventional method when considering the affect of transmit SNR; the number antennas at the legitimate and relay nodes; normalized distance between one legitimate node and the relay; and the vertical coordinate of the relay.
Biological-based control strategies for MBR membrane biofouling: a review
Authors: Cui Yin , Gao Huan , Yu Ran , Gao Lei , Zhan Manjun
Published: April 2021

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has been paid extensive attention for wastewater treatment because of its advantages of high effluent quality and minimized occupation space and sludge production. However, the membrane fouling is always an inevitable problem, which causes high operation and maintenance costs and prevents the wide use of MBR technology. The membrane biofouling is the most complicated and has relatively slow progress among all types of fouling. In recent years, many membrane biofouling control methods have been developed. Different from the physical or chemical methods, the biological-based strategies are not only more effective for membrane biofouling control, but also milder and more environment-friendly and, therefore, have been increasingly employed. This paper mainly focuses on the mechanism, unique advantages and development of biological-based control strategies for MBR membrane biofouling such as quorum quenching, uncoupling, flocculants and so on. The paper summarizes the up-to-date development of membrane biofouling control strategies, emphasizes the advantages and promising potential of biological-based ones, and points out the direction for future studies.
Uma Análise fenomenológica existencial do adolescente em conflito com a lei
Authors: Laureano Guedes Gabriela
Published: April 2021

Os conflitos com a lei ocorridos na fase da adolescência e seus desdobramentos na sociedade suscitam uma reflexão acerca da atuação dos operadores das políticas públicas, a fim que seja garantida a proteção da infância e juventude, por meio da sensibilização e responsabilidade fomentando a liberdade e a dignidade e não contribuindo para práticas punitivas. Este trabalho possui o objetivo de apresentar a construção social da adolescência de modo individualizada e excludente, sendo o ato infracional visto como uma realidade condicionada e determinante na existência do adolescente pobre podendo repercutir no surgimento de estereótipos e discriminação. Para isso, o fundamento do pensamento Fenomenológico-Existencial de Jean Paul Sartre traz à luz a existência como uma indeterminação e a constituição do sujeito, a partir da sua experimentação do mundo nas relações vivenciadas em liberdade.
Assistência Psicológica na Hemodiálise: um espaço possível para a ressignificação.
Authors: Dos Santos Queiroz Jéssica , Fernandes de Souza Ribeiro Juliana
Published: April 2021

O fio condutor desse trabalho aborda o impacto da Insuficiência Renal Crônica, seu tratamento e suas implicações, o processo de hospitalização na vida desses pacientes e seu entorno e levanta reflexões acerca das restrições, perdas, mudanças, transformações decorrentes da doença. Para tanto, elucidamos a relevância do papel do psicólogo como membro do grupo de profissionais que compõe a unidade de hemodiálise e sua atuação, com o intuito de amenizar o sofrimento advindo do adoecimento e propicia uma discussão referente à possibilidade da ressignificação. Além disso, destaca-se a importância da humanização no cuidado, da identificação do indivíduo em sua totalidade, do redescobrimento do sentido da sua existência diante um cenário que propicia uma aproximação com a fragilidade e a finitude e, ainda, possibilita uma reflexão acerca da importância de ofertar uma escuta qualificada.
Variantes Da Representação Nos Negócios Jurídicos Nos Ordenamentos Brasileiro e Português
Authors: Baia Marcelo Santos
Published: April 2021

A representação é um dos temas mais relevantes na esfera do Direito dos Contratos à medida que é através das representações que as procurações adquirem o seu teor de validade e efetividade. Por meio da representação, a procuração tem sua validade confirmada, sendo assim alvo de grandes discussões, especialmente no caso da celebração dos contratos. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o conceito de representação. Deste modo busca conceituar a representação; discutir a procuração e substabelecimento; abordar a representação sem poderes; conceituar os contratos para pessoa nomear e por fim apresentar o contrato consigo mesmo. Como metodologia de pesquisa, adotou-se a revisão de literatura que contou com textos de dissertações e livros com conteúdo pertinente ao tema, além de artigos científicos que foram publicados de forma gratuita em ambientes on line, em língua portuguesa. Além deste conteúdo, as leis referentes ao tema foram pesquisadas nos portais dos governos brasileiro e português.
Revolta de escravizados na ilha de Santiago: fragilidade e inconsistência governativa em Cabo Verde (1835)
Authors: Souza Alan de Carvalho
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta a inédita revolta escrava ocorrida na ilha de Santiago, Cabo Verde, que objetivou o apoderamento dos quartéis, do paiol de pólvora e a morte dos proprietários; revelando a fragilidade da guarnição existente e a consequente incapacidade de resposta. Ocorrida após a seca que se abateu sobre o arquipélago no início da década de 1830 e, posteriormente, à proibição do comércio de escravizados pelo Brasil, a insurreição de dezembro de 1835 é mais uma ocorrência da agitada e instável década. O levante exemplifica, uma vez mais, a inconsistência da governação na conflagração de sublevações, neste caso no império português.
A violência como regra
Authors: Souza Borzuk Cristiane , Carvalho Lombardi Tosta Tiago
Published: April 2021

Resumo: O objetivo deste texto é analisar as determinações sociais e subjetivas que tornam as diferenças interpessoais ameaçadoras para os indivíduos, produzindo nestes o ódio e a intolerância. Investigou-se os entrelaçamentos entre indivíduo e sociedade que favorecem o surgimento de comportamentos intolerantes, tornando-os uma espécie de regra dentro da vida social regida pelo capitalismo administrado. Com a realização deste estudo foi possível verificar que há uma tendência inerente às sociedades administradas a promover o modo de funcionamento psíquico paranoico em seus indivíduos, resultando em uma lógica de violência e intolerância como um mecanismo para a manutenção da própria coerência interna. Ao tornar-se um “existencial social”, a paranoia deixa de ser uma categoria exclusivamente clínica para se tornar um modelo de administração da sociedade, produzindo e reproduzindo nas subjetividades as suas características fundamentais. O referencial teórico e metodológico é a Teoria Crítica da Sociedade.

Palavras-chave: Intolerância. Paranoia. Violência. Indivíduo. Sociedade.
Interfaces entre a Psicologia e o Direito Internacional
Authors: Andrade Vivenzio Rafaella , Borges Taveira Luís Felipe
Published: April 2021

Atualmente, é possível encontrar um vasto e multidisciplinar acervo teórico sobre as populações infantis, que respaldam a elaboração das formas de cuidado que são voltadas para as crianças. Desde Convenções Internacionais até Decretos do Executivo, o Direito se preocupa com a proteção à criança. Simultaneamente, a Psicologia trata do assunto de maneira mais particularizada, levando em conta aspectos específicos necessários à sua eficaz proteção. O objetivo do trabalho é, então, traduzido na questão: as políticas públicas adotadas a fim de maximizar o bem estar infantil, admitidas no ordenamento jurídico, são encaradas a partir das especificidades subjetivas e particularizadas das crianças ou sob um prisma axiológico e principiológico geral? O objeto da pesquisa é o estudo da relação entre os instrumentos normativos nacionais e internacionais de proteção às crianças e as suas reais necessidades, levantadas pela Psicologia. A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e utilizando um método qualitativo, alcançou-se o resultado de que os princípios e valores definidos na Convenção Sobre os Direitos da Criança harmonizam com a proteção conferida na Constituição Federal e no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, todavia a sua execução exige uma vigilância às dimensões etária e regional aplicáveis. A conclusão, por sua vez, é de que os profissionais de outras áreas, como os psicólogos, são essenciais para que haja a efetiva proteção da criança, com a observância das particularidades regionais e necessidades especiais da idade.

Palavras-chave: Direito Internacional; Psicologia do Desenvolvimento; Infância; Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente; Convenção Sobre os Direitos da Criança.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Kurnianingsih Novi
Published: April 2021

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a chronic occlusive disease of arteries in the lower extremity due to atheroscle- rosis. PAD can lead to intermittent claudication, which is weakness or pain with walking alleviated with rest. Until now, the awareness of the public and medical personnel regarding PAD is still not as high as the alertness of coronary disorders. This editorial will focus on diagnosing and treating PAD focused on lower extremity artery disease (LEAD).
Correlation Between Hypertension and Hyponatremia in Hospitalized Coronavirus
Authors: Pramitha Wulandari Ayu , Tri Wahyu Nugroho Dhani
Published: April 2021

Background: Hypertension has been presumed to be correlated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. The most common electrolyte disturbance in COVID-19 patients is hyponatremia. It is correlated with increased mortality. Objective: This research purposed to investigate the correlation between hypertension and hyponatremia in COVID-19 patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study including hospitalized COVID-19 patients was conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudiro Husodo General Hospital, Mojokerto, Indonesia, from December 2020 to January 2021. We analyzed data about the blood pressure and sodium level data of COVID-19 patients. The statistical analysis process was performed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Results: A total of 98 eligible patients were involved in the analysis. The prevalence of hypertension and hypona- tremia among COVID-19 patients was 55.1% and 79.6%, respectively. Hyponatremia prevalence was higher in hypertensive patients than normotensive patients. Hypertension increased the risk of hyponatremia in COViD-19 patients (90.7% vs. 65.9%; OR = 5.06; 95% CI = 1.66 - 15.4; p = 0.002). Conclusion: This single-center cross-sectional study revealed that, in COVID-19 patients, the presence of hypertension was correlated with a higher risk of hyponatremia.
Limb Preservation with Balloon Angioplasty in Critical Limb Threatening Ischemia: A Case Report
Authors: krisnasari Imelda , Kurnianingsih Novi , Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Satrijo Budi
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is a syndrome that represents the end-stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD) that increased the risk of major amputation and cardiovascular events. The initial treatment for CLTI may significantly impact the risk of major amputation or death. Objective: This case report aims to describe limb preservation with balloon angioplasty in a Critical Limb Ischemia patient. Case Presentation: A hypertensive 72-years old female complained of left leg pain followed by a wound on her left toe four months ago. Her toe was amputated, but the wound persists. On physical examination, the pulsation was diminished in her left foot. Duplex ultrasound showed monophasic spectral doppler from left popliteal artery to distal left anterior tibial artery (ATA) and distal posterior tibial artery (PTA). CT-Angiography showed short total occlusion (2cm) at the distal left Superficial Femoral artery (SFA), multiple stenoses with maximal 90% stenosis at the left ATA, and chronic total occlusion at the proximal-mid left posterior tibial artery (PTA). She was diagnosed with CLTI left inferior extremity Fontaine IV Rutherford 5. The angiography result was similar to the CT-angiography result. The patient was successfully treated with plain balloon angioplasty from distal left SFA to distal left ATA and drug-coated balloon angioplasty from the distal left SFA to the popliteal artery. Her wound was also consulted to the surgical department. Conclusion: Appropriate revascularization is fundamental to limb preservation. We successfully perform endovas- cular strategy with TIMI flow 3 from left SFA to distal left ATA and distal PTA in our patient, but we still need further holistic CLTI management.
STRENGTHENING THE STATE DEFENSE SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE DEFENSE POLICY
Authors: Manihuruk Hermina
Published: April 2021

Defending the state is the attitude and actions of citizens based on love for the country, awareness of the nation and state, belief in Pancasila as the ideology of the nation and state, willingness to sacrifice to face threats, challenges, obstacles, and disturbances (ATHG). To achieve national goals, the Astra gatra composing National Resilience requires an integrated implementation system that refers to geopolitical dynamics. This integrated system can be stated in a state defense system that already has a strong legal basis in the 1945 Constitution, as well as Law Number 3 of 2002 concerning State Defense (Law No. 3/2002), Article 9 of Law Number 3 of 2002. Law -The State Defense Law also classifies state defense into three groups, namely the Main Component (TNI), Reserve Component, and Supporting Component. In implementing state defense, a citizen can do it both physically and non-physically. Physical state defense includes struggling to take up arms when there is an attack from a foreign country against national sovereignty. Thus, it is necessary to further study the implementation of existing policies regarding state defense, as an effort to strengthen the state defense system of the Republic of Indonesia. In this writing using qualitative research methods.
Web-Based Delivery of the Caregiving Essentials Course for Informal Caregivers of Older Adults in Ontario: Mixed Methods Evaluation Study
Authors: Rottenberg Shelley , Williams Allison
Published: April 2021

Background

Many informal caregivers of older adults have limited time because of the number of responsibilities that their caregiving role entails. This population often experiences high levels of burden due to the stressful nature of their work and are vulnerable to developing negative psychological health outcomes. Easily accessible and flexible knowledge interventions are needed to alleviate the burden and stress experienced by this group.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of the web-based delivery of the Caregiving Essentials course for informal caregivers of older adults. Both the strengths and limitations of using a web-based platform to provide information and resources were explored to see whether the method of delivery enhanced or hindered the overall course experience for participants.

Methods

A mixed methodology of web-based pre- (n=111) and postcourse surveys (n=39) and telephone interviews (n=26) was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from participants. Individual interviews were also conducted with key stakeholders (n=6), and a focus group was conducted with nursing students (n=5) who were involved in the project.

Results

The web-based delivery of the course provided participants with greater accessibility to the course because it allowed them to work independently through the modules at their own pace wherever and whenever. The discussion boards were also identified as a major strength because of the opportunity for social interaction and the sense of community that many felt through sharing their experiences. Some barriers to participation included age-related factors, issues with navigating aspects of the course, and concerns about privacy and anonymity. Some key suggestions included more engaging methods of web-based communication and the reorganization of the module content to reduce the amount of text and streamline information.

Conclusions

The web-based delivery of Caregiving Essentials appeared to enhance the overall course experience by increasing accessibility and allowing participants to interact with the learning materials and other caregivers. The findings from this evaluation can be used to create and improve the web-based delivery of both the current and emerging interventions for caregivers.
Artificial Intelligence for Emotion-Semantic Trending and People Emotion Detection During COVID-19 Social Isolation (Preprint)
Authors: Jelodar Hamed
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Given the limitations of medical diagnosis of early emotional change signs during the COVID-19 quarantine period, artificial intelligence models provide effective mechanisms in uncovering early signs, symptoms and escalating trend.

OBJECTIVE

The main purpose of this project is to demonstrate the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence, and in particular Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning in detecting and analyzing emotions from tweets talking about COVID-19 social confinement.

METHODS

We developed a systematic framework that can be directly applied to COVID-19 related mood discovery, using eight types of emotional reaction and designing a deep learning model to uncover emotions based on the first wave of the pandemic public health restriction of mandatory social segregation. We argue that the framework can discover semantic trends of COVID-19 tweets during the first wave of the pandemic to predict new concerns that may be associated with furthering into the new waves of COVID-19 quarantine orders and other related public health regulations.

RESULTS

Our findings revealed Stay-At-Home restrictions result in people expressing on twitter both negative and positive based on emotional and semantics aspects. Moreover, the statistical results of the emotion classification is show that our framework based on CNN deep learning has predicted the emotion levels or target labels with more F1-socore than the LSTM model, which are 0.95% and 0.93%, respectively. However, these results have potential to impact public health policy decisions through monitoring trends of emotional feelings of those who are quarantined.

CONCLUSIONS

The research shows that the framework is effective in capturing the emotions and semantics trends in social media messages during the pandemic. Moreover, the framework can be applied to uncover reactions to similar public health policies that affect people’s well-being.
Continuity in fuzzy bitopological ordered spaces
Authors: Dhar Runu
Published: April 2021

The aim of the present paper is to introduce and study different forms of continuity in fuzzy bitopological ordered spaces. The concepts of different mappings such as pairwise fuzzy I -continuous mappings, pairwise fuzzy D -continuous mappings, pairwise fuzzy B -continuous mappings, pairwise fuzzy I -open mappings, pairwise fuzzy D -open mappings, pairwise fuzzy B -open mappings, pairwise fuzzy I -closed mappings, pairwise fuzzy D -closed mappings and pairwise fuzzy B -closed mappings have been introduced. Some of the basic properties and characterization theorems of these mappings have been investigated.
Correlation between Placenta Accreta and History of Cesarean Section among Iraqi Pregnant Women: Retrospective study
Authors: Abdulla Nour Ali , Ghafel Hawraa Hussein
Published: April 2021

Objectives: To Identify demographic characteristics of pregnant women with placenta accreta and to find out the correlation between placenta accreta and history of C/S.

Methods: A retrospective study  was conducted at Maternity wards in Baghdad City's. The study sample consists of (410) pregnant women diagnosed with placenta accreta who undergo a cesarean section. Retrospective study for last three years ago ( January /2018 to December/ 2020). The data collected from patient records in the Statistical Department of the maternity hospitals.

Result: The findings of the study shows that a highly significant relationship between placenta accreta and history of cesarean section among pregnant women as indicated by a strong positive correlation at p-value= 0.001.

Conclusion: There is a correlation between placenta accreta and history of cesarean section among Iraqi pregnant women.
Tafsir Tematik Manajemen Kesiswaan di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Maisaroh Hindun , Toriquddin Toriquddin
Published: April 2021

Thematic interpretation (maudhu’i) is a pattern of interpretation by collecting verses of the Koran that have the same goal, meaning they both discuss one topic and arrange them based on the period of the verse down and pay attention to the background of the causes of the descent, then given explanation, description, comments, and points of content of the sentence. The purpose of this literature research is to find out thematic interpretations (maudhu'i) of the subject of the concept of student management in Islamic Education Institutions. In this study, the authors used a qualitative descriptive approach, and the type of research used was library research. The results of the literature review are: Based on the verses that have been described and analyzed, in the field of student management, the thematic interpretations are raised on QS. Al-Kahfi verses 23-24 and 69, QS Al-Hasyr verse 18, QS Az-Zumar verse 29, QS An-Nahl verse 125, and QS Al-Furqan verse 74, provide an explanation and explanation of the meaning of how student management is in perspective Al-Qur'an. Each of which is in the content as described above, namely that every activity to be carried out must be made with good planning, organization, and implementation and control, which in this case is especially in Surah Al-Kahfi verse 69 and Al-Furqan verse. 74 regarding guidance to students, so that students can develop their talents and interests as well as their competencies so that they become dzurriyah which are qurrota a'yun for parents and their second parents, namely the board of teachers in the Islamic educational institution.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO TRABALHO DE AGRICULTORES
Authors: Schneider Kelin Luana , Diehl Liciane
Published: April 2021

Este estudo procura identificar a autopercepção da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) dos agricultores da cidade de Estrela, Rio Grande do Sul. Assim sendo, realizou-se uma pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa envolvendo 56 agricultores. Foram utilizados um questionário para coleta de dados sócio demográficos e laborais e o QWLQ-bref, que avalia a qualidade de vida no trabalho, sob o ponto de vista pessoal, de saúde, psicológico e profissional. Posteriormente, foram feitas análises descritivas. Os resultados apontaram que a QVT, nos domínios profissional e pessoal, foi satisfatória, e o domínio psicológico mostrou-se muito satisfatório. Apesar de satisfatório, o domínio físico apontou menor satisfação quanto à qualidade do sono e sua interferência no trabalho. Salienta-se a importância de realizar novas pesquisas com esse público, visto que o presente trabalho só identificou o nível de QVT, sem investigar o que tem levado os agricultores, mesmo em condições de trabalho penosas e com cargas horárias excessivas, estarem satisfeitos com suas rotinas de trabalho, principalmente no domínio psicológico.
Hydrological response in a highly urbanized watershed in China
Authors: Ren Meifang , Villarini Gabriele , Pang Bo , Xu Zongxue , Du Longgang , Wang Yichen
Published: April 2021

Urbanization has a strong signal on the hydrologic cycle, leading to
reduced infiltration, and faster and larger runoff. However, less is
known in watersheds that have been experiencing such a large and rapid
urbanization as those in China. Here we focus on the Wenyu watershed, a
fast urbanizing basin located in the Beijing metropolitan area. Using a
statistical attribution framework, we examine the hydrological response
to the increasing urbanization across a wide range of discharge
quantiles, from low to high flows; moreover, we perform analyses at the
seasonal scale to capture differences in the physical processes at play
during the year. In addition to impervious areas, we also consider
precipitation, temperature, antecedent wetness, recycled water amount,
and groundwater level as potential predictors. Results indicate that our
models can capture well the variability in streamflow in this highly
urbanized basin. Overall, urbanization played a different role for the
different seasons and discharge quantiles. More specifically, we find
its strongest impact to be in winter and spring, and for low and median
quantiles. The role of precipitation is the strongest in summer, and it
increases as we move towards the upper tail of the discharge
distribution. Recycled water, on the other hand, tends to play a more
dominant role in winter and spring.
PREVISÃO DO PERFIL DAS INSTITUIÇÕES ENVOLVIDAS EM ESTRATÉGIAS DE FUSÕES E AQUISIÇÕES (F&A) DO SETOR BANCÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Pessanha Gabriel Rodrigo Gomes , Lopes Lucas Pereira , Calegario Cristina Leal Lelis , Safadi Thelma , Carneiro dos Reis Bernardo Denise
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a importância de variáveis econômico-financeiras para a ocorrência de fusões e aquisições (F&A) no setor bancário brasileiro após 20 anos consolidados do plano-real, período compreendido entre os anos de 1995 e 2015. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foram utilizadas as técnicas de análise discriminante, regressão logística, redes neurais e um modelo híbrido. De maneira geral observou-se que os indicadores de qualidade dos ativos, rentabilidade, liquidez, eficiência e tamanho da firma foram importantes na discriminação dos grupos de bancos estudados (adquirentes e adquiridos) e foi possível constatar que bancos com maiores indicadores apresentam maior probabilidade se tornarem adquirentes. Com relação aos métodos empregados pode-se afirmar que os modelos apresentaram aderência aos dados estudados, todavia, ressalta-se a superioridade das redes neurais artificiais em sua forma tradicional e híbrida. Por fim, salienta-se a importância de trabalhos como este em mercados emergentes, sendo que modelos de previsão podem trazer mais segurança e amenizar os riscos assumidos pelos investidores. Além disso, fornecem informações úteis para a tomada de decisão empresarial, uma vez que elencam variáveis importantes para a classificação de empresas alvo e não alvo de F&A.
MODALIDADES DE AVALIAÇÃO PROPOSTAS PARA O PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM NOS CURSOS DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS: UMA ANÁLISE À LUZ DA TEORIA DA AVALIAÇÃO
Authors: Barbosa Rayanne Silva , Leal Edvalda Araujo , Pereira Janser Moura
Published: April 2021

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as modalidades de avaliação adotadas para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem nos cursos de Ciências Contábeis à luz da Teoria da Avaliação. A Teoria da avaliação, proposta por Scriven (1966), categoriza as avaliações em três modalidades (diagnóstica, formativa e somativa) conforme o objetivo que se deseja alcançar. As avaliações são utilizadas também para avaliar se o discente apresenta as competências profissionais (conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes) necessárias para a futura profissão. As Normas Internacionais de Educação Contábil (IES) almejam a internacionalização do ensino em Ciências Contábeis, sendo que a IES 6 sugere princípios a serem seguidos para a Avaliação da Competência Profissional, envolvendo competências requeridas pelos empregadores, clientes e usuários no geral. A coleta de dados ocorreu com a aplicação de um questionário online aos 141 docentes atuantes em 25 cursos de graduação em Ciências Contábeis das Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas federais e estaduais da região Sudeste do Brasil. Para análise dos dados fez-se uso dos testes estatísticos de correlação linear, comparação múltipla de proporções e Kruskal-Wallis. Os resultados mostram que os docentes fazem uso dos princípios propostos pela IES 6 e que eles adotam as modalidades de avaliação somativa e formativa da Teoria da Avaliação.