bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Device for Facilitating Remote Interactive Lessons
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Kaushal Rajesh Kumar , Janagal Mamta , Singh Simranjeet , Khare Akhilendra
Published: April 2022

The world has confronted outcomes of COVID-19. It has affected every person from one corner to the other corner of this planet. The students and teachers have quickly shifted to online mode of teaching. This sudden transformation from traditional to online teaching has come up with some challenges as well as opportunities. The main objective of this study is to facilitate a device to determine the issues faced by teachers and students during online mode. An online survey is conducted to collect the issues faced by teachers during the online mode and thereafter a portable device is proposed to facilitate online learning. This is an extremely low-cost and portable device which enables the teachers to use the given canvas area just like a writing board. To find the usefulness of the device one more survey was directed among the teachers, and it has been found that the given solution is more viable while in online mode.
Valorization of Fish Waste for Chitosan Production: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: Suresh Sreehari , Umesh Mridul , Sarojini Suma
Published: April 2022

Fish waste can be used as an ideal substrate for extraction of commercially important bio-polymers like chitosan. Chitosan is a versatile biopolymer with various biological and chemical properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and antimicrobial properties and can be a major applicant in different industries. The present research work focuses on extracting chitosan from fish scale waste through chemical extraction methods. Demineralization in this study is done using 1% HCl for 36 hours at 150 rpm and deproteinization is done using dilute 0.5N NaOH for 18 hours at 150 rpm. The final step deacetylation is done using a concentrated 40% NaOH solution at 90˚C for 6 hours. The extracted chitosan had a yield of 12% per 100g of fishscale and characterization was done using FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC. Further the possibility of fabrication of chitosan films followed by assessing their biodegradability will be the future scope of the work.
A Review of Nidra (Sleep) and Nidranash (Insomnia) According to Samhita
Authors: Pusadkar Santosh Suryakant
Published: April 2022

In the modern era, high percentage of people remains in a state of stress and frustration due to changing lifestyle, which predisposes the individual towards psychological and psychosomatic disorders. Insomnia is spreading silently all over the world. Each and every one is running endlessly after success and money. People today sleep 20% less than the required sleep. In India, more than 5% of the population and 30% of professionals are suffering from primary insomnia. Symptoms of primary insomnia and “Nidranash” are almost same hence we correlate it.
Gender as a Predictor in the Perception of Sexual Harassment Definition
Authors: Tharumiya Anurekha K , Manicka Manikandan MK
Published: April 2022

Sexual harassment is a pervasive problem across the globe and it is generally viewed subjectively. The review of the literature suggests that individual perception, history of past sexual harassment, and other personal factors influence beliefs concerning the seriousness of the problem. The present study aims to explore the role of socio demographic variables in the definition of sexual harassment. One hundred and sixty-one college students volunteered for this study. Personal profile sheet and Sexual Harassment Definition Questionnaire were used to collect the data. The results of the chi-square test suggested that girls and students who already experienced sexual harassment found larger social incidents as harassment. However, the results of logistic regression found gender as a strong predictor of sexual harassment definition and the history of past harassment was failed to provide a statistical significance. Educating men on male privilege, violence against women, and identifying behaviors in them that are not acceptable by women will be helpful.
Mineral-Inspired Approach Mediated Design, Solution Synthesis, and Characterization and Luminescence Study of Blue Emitting Phosphor BaSc2Si3O10:Eu2+
Authors: Tadge Prachi , Ray Sudeshna
Published: April 2022

A series of new silicate based luminescence materials, Ba1-xEuxSc2Si3O10 (BSS:Eu2+) (x = 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07), which can be efficiently excited by UV light and generates a broadband bright blue emission, with ‘Internal Quantum Efficiency’ 45% have been developed from a water-soluble propylene glycol modified silane (PGMS) based silicon precursor by a systematic solution based bottom up approach. The concept as well as the methodology of using a ‘Mineral Inspired Approach’ emerges as a new blueprint for the strategic design of novel phosphors for phosphor converted white light emitting diode (pc-WLEDs). The detailed crystal structure of monoclinic BSS:Eu2+ was determined from the XRD profile. Steady state photoluminescence measurement as well as the thermal quenching properties of the phosphor has been investigated in detail. The optimum concentration of Eu2+ in this matrix was found to be 2% and the ‘Concentration Quenching’ mechanism was verified to be the dipole-dipole interaction and the critical distance was calculated to be 25.01 Å. A highly efficient broadband blue emission centred at λmax ~ 446 nm shows very low thermal quenching; 71.2% at 150 degrees C with respect to that measured at room temperature. The remarkable thermal stability of the phosphor was attributed to the rigid structural network of the host and weak electron-phonon coupling strength. The interesting photoluminescence properties and robust thermal performance reflect the potential application of this phosphor for UVLED driven solid-state lighting.
Dimensionality Reduction Using Principal Component Analysis and Multi-Label Fuzzy Classification for Rice Crop Disease in Rural Areas of India
Authors: EP Ephzibah , L Remya
Published: April 2022

There is an expected growth of increase in the worlds’ food production to feed the growing population in the coming years. In this paper, the authors have taken into account the dataset depicting the rice crop disease and built a model so as to predict the early occurrence of the disease. In data mining models developed for the agricultural domain, researchers have done enormous amount of work that have benefited the farmers in overcoming the obstacles they face in effective and income gaining ways. This paper develops a model that reduces the computational cost involved using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and multi-label fuzzy classifier. The model can help the farmers to identify the type of disease in the rice crop and take necessary steps to eradicate them as quickly as possible even at the early stage of the infection on the crops.
Investigation of Anodized Aluminium Heat Sink Using Ansys Simulation
Authors: Rajendran Ashwanthram Gokule , Sooradas Saubhagya , Chandrakar Prakhar , Prabu S. Senthur
Published: April 2022

A heat sink is a heat exchanger that transfers heat from an electrical or mechanical component to a fluid by providing an efficient path for heat to be transferred and dissipated. In this research paper, the model of the heat sink is made by using Auto Desk Fusion 360 software to build the components. With the help of Ansys software, the thermal analysis of the heat sink (heat transfer simulation to visualize the whole heat exchanging process) is carried out by considering the alloy 6060 Aluminum with and without anodized. From this research output, the anodized heat sink has shown improved results in various thermal properties compared to the non-anodized heat sink. It is also shown to improve the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and electrical isolation of the heat sink. These results will support better for the heat sink manufacturer using the anodized 6060 Aluminum alloy in the near future.
Hydroxychloroquine in Treating COVID-19: A Review Article
Authors: Ammarah Sana , Rafe Farooqui Mohd Abdul , Aiman Saniya , Mohurle Devyani
Published: April 2022

Coronavirus disease the pandemic, the novel disease, started a year back. The disease started in China that infected more a million of people all over the world. As the disease started, various trial and error methods also started alongside for treating the disease. There is a need to select the potential treatment which will effectively destroy the virus, increase recovery, and reduce case morbidity/mortality rate. There was no specific antiviral drug to treat the disease. Therefore, use of the existing drugs gives a good clinical option. Selecting the drug to be used is very difficult because their mechanisms of action of the drug and its interaction with disease and progression of SARS is unknown. This was the time when hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was introduced in the treatment protocol of the disease. HCQ the drug has been used for decades for treatment and prophylaxis for diseases like malaria. Various researches were carried out and are still ongoing to see the potential therapeutic treatment in preventing COVID-19. HCQ and CQ (chloroquine) are named as the “game changers” for COVID-19. The present study is a review article carried out to see the effect of HCQ drug in treating patients of COVID-19.
Investigation of Exchange Bias in Irmn/Nife Bilayer Thin Films Using Magnetoresistance Technique
Authors: Kedia Sanjay Kumar , Chaudhary Sujeet
Published: April 2022

A bottom pinned Si/SiO2/Ta(20)/IrMn(15)/NiFe(10)/Ta(5) film has been fabricated using an ion beam sputtering system at room temperature. Post-deposition magnetic annealing was performed on sputtered multilayer thin film in a vacuum of 2´10-6 mbar at 250˚C for one hour in an in-plane magnetic field of 1.8 kG. The X-ray diffraction and X-ray reflectivity measurements have been performed for the structural and thickness analysis, respectively. The roughness of individual layers was determined using XRR measurements. The longitudinal MOKE measurements have been performed to measure the exchange bias, coercivity, and magnetic anisotropy at room temperature. The magnetoresistance measurement technique is employed to demonstrate the thermal evaluation of the exchange bias effect, training effect, and magnetization reversal asymmetry at room temperature and low temperature. The magnetoresistance measurement revealed a large exchange bias, pronounced magnetization reversal asymmetry, and enhancement in the training effects at 20 K. The experimental result exhibits the occurrence of temperature-dependent change from uniaxial to biaxial exchange anisotropy.
Cloud Computing Leads Towards Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Khan Muhammad Najeeb , Sinha Amit Kumar
Published: April 2022

In today's environment, businesses are looking into cutting-edge strategies to improve their supply chain's cost and operational effectiveness. Cloud computing appears to be a promising technology that can help with this optimization by providing infrastructure, platform, and software solutions for the entire supply chain network over the Internet. The use of cloud-based services in supply chain management has financial and operational benefits, but all supply chain stakeholders should be aware of potential dangers and restrictions. Cloud computing can improve supply chain collaboration and infrastructure needs by allowing for more flexible outsourcing of software. Rather of sustaining and paying for maximum use, this technology proposes an approach that allows for flexibility in adding on the way, depending on the entire business process and supply chain network model. Aside from the normal tech hype, cloud computing has the potential to be an ideal technology for supporting and managing a constantly changing and dynamic network, and thus for supply chain management (SCM). This paper provides an overview of cloud-based supply chain management. A quick introduction to cloud technologies is given first. The factors of cloud computing which effect supply chain activities is then examined, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of incorporating this technology into current supply chains. Finally, findings are offered, as well as future study directions.
Mineral Content and Antiurolithiatic Analysis of Horse Gram Flour
Authors: Sudha S , Marysaral A
Published: April 2022

Macrotyloma Uniflorum is commonly known as horse gram. It is found in India, Africa, Australia, and Srilanka. It is reported to have pharmaceutical applications like antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-diabetic. The present paper provides the information about the utility of horse gram as a cheap source of mineral content with anti-urolithiatic property. The phytochemical analyses were also carried out to determine the presence of secondary metabolites. Horse gram powder contains macro nutrients and micro nutrients. Calcium is the major mineral content followed by potassium. The studies suggest that the utilized natural biomass could be tapped as a source of mineral and carbohydrates. Horse gram seed powder comprises of highest carbohydrate content followed by phenol, sterol, terpenoid, and protein. Bio encapsulated Ag nano particles showed highest dissolution of struvite stones as compared to aqueous and ethanol extracts. Hence it could be suggested as a major ingredient in functional food.
Does Seasonality and Volatility Affect the Price Discovery of Agricultural Commodities? A Systematic Literature Review Paper on the Indian Commodity Market
Authors: Supriya R , Mamilla Rajesh
Published: April 2022

This study examines the volatility and seasonality influence on the price discovery of agricultural commodities. The present study intends to review price volatility that has been extensively researched over the last decade. The Web of Science is chosen to extract the data. The PRISMA 2020 flowchart is an eligibility criterion used in the data selection and rejection procedure. Following a thorough evaluation, the final fifty-four studies have been chosen for the review. The data classification is mainly discussing price discovery of agricultural commodities, volatility spillover, and its impact on the agricultural commodity market. Findings of the study signifies agri commodities like corn and soybean’s future marketplace is more competent in price discovery of agri commodities compared to the cash market.
Low Power Architecture Strategies for Green Computing
Authors: Nayak Pratham , Bhat Tejas
Published: April 2022

The recent advancements and introduction of computer technology in the rural areas of countries like India have narrowed down the digital divide between urban and rural immensely. The rural sector has been important for the society as it has always been the primary reason for growth and development of the civilizations to sustain and achieve human goals for better existence. The modern computing systems comprise of numerous elements involving technicians, networks, and hardware. Electricity has been one of the major prerequisites for powering these systems. Due to the limitation of this and other such resources in the rural areas, with the rising costs of energy and increased concerns of environmental impacts of energy generation and consumption, there has been an immediate need for research and development in the solutions for low power wastage and low power consuming green systems and strategies. Major studies have shown that the main advantage of implementation of green computing would be to prolong the respective equipment’s lifespan, further reducing the ecological footprint and facilitating sustainable development. In this paper, we analyze and explore the more energy efficient (green) systems that consume relatively less power, such as solid-state hard disk drives, ethernet wired connection, and virtualization of machine resources for the computing and implementation in rural areas.
Management of Pariplutayonivyapad (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease): A Case Study
Authors: Lunawat Dr. Umesh Rameshchand , Patil Dr. Jayashree , Wairagade Dr. Sonali , Salankar Dr. Harsh , Bankar Dr. Nandkishor
Published: April 2022

Pariplutayonivyapad is a disorder of the female genital tract due to vitiation of vata and pitta dosha. It is a disease of a reproductive age group. Symptoms of pariplutayonivyapad are much similar to pelvic inflammatory disease. Infection and inflammation of the upper genital tract, termed as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), may be complicated by infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic infection. Pelvic inflammatory disease is characterized by fever, dysparunia, abnormal vaginal discharge, burning, and painful micturition. PID can be effectively treated with ayurveda by using internal medicines and local therapy like yonipichu and matrabasti. Here we present a case of 38 year-old lady with chronic PID diagnosed as pariplutayonivyapad. The patient was treated with the basic principles of treatment along with local therapy. The patient got satisfactory result with ayurveda treatment without use of antimicrobial therapy.
Development of Low-Cost 3D Building Model Using National Digital Elevation Model in Urban Area of Bandung City, Indonesia
Authors: Ihsan Kalingga Titon Nur , Sakti Anjar Dimara , Wikantika Ketut , Safitri Sitarani
Published: April 2022

Sustainable city planning is one of many countries' 2030 sustainable development goals. In carrying out sustainable urban planning, it is necessary to look at the 3D aspect of the building. However, 3D mapping for large areas is very expensive. So we need an alternative to make three-dimensional buildings in urban areas that are cheaper. This study will review how well the three-dimensional reconstruction of urban areas uses open-source data from the Indonesian National Digital Elevation Model (DEMNAS) with a spatial resolution of 8 meters. This study found that the RMSE value of the DEMNAS 3D model reached 2.320 meters with the optimum 3-dimensional reconstruction at a medium building height around 5-7 meters. Three-dimensional modelling with DEMNAS will be good in relatively flat areas. This research hope can help better and lower cost sustainable city planning.
Self-Alignment Algorithm for Ring Laser Optical Sensor Based Strapdown Inertial Navigation Systems
Authors: Viswanath Anjitha , Santhakumari K. K , John Bindu , Sivasankar T
Published: April 2022

Accurate establishment of initial alignment in shortest duration is vital to strapdown inertial navigation systems (SINS). In self-alignment, initial orientation is established by processing the sensor data itself without any external aid. This work addresses the implementation and performance assessment of self-alignment algorithm to obtain the initial orientation of a ring laser optical sensor based INS in stationary or near stationary condition. Lateral velocity error dynamics is utilized to address the alignment problem based on a Kalman filter approach. Performance is evaluated on lab data acquired on an angular motion simulator with known reference angles. The errors in level angle and azimuth computation are within 3 arcs and 250 arcs, respectively implying a high degree of accuracy. Algorithm also offers a fast convergence with alignment time required being less than 200 s making it ideal for all critical missions where initial self-alignment is a mandate to obtain the initial orientation in static or quasi-static condition.
A Review Article on Emphysema
Authors: Dalai Upasana , Kapse Ankita , Joshi Abhishek , Makade Jagdish
Published: April 2022

Emphysema is a type of long-term (chronic) lung illness. It's a lung condition that damages the alveoli. In healthy lungs, there are roughly 300 million alveoli. Long-term exposure to airborne irritants, such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, and chemical fumes or dusts from the environment, is the main cause of emphysema. It's marked by an abnormal permanent enlargement of lung air gaps, as well as the disintegration of their walls without fibrosis or lung parenchyma. A sickness is the sum of the strange phenomena displayed via way of means of a set of residing organisms in affiliation with a detailed not unusual place feature or set of traits via way of means of which they fluctuate from the norm for his or her species in the sort of manner as to vicinity them at a organic disadvantage.
Myths About COVID-19
Authors: Jaiswa Preeti l , Kane Shriram , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Gawande Ujwalla , Mahadik Atul
Published: April 2022

At the end of 2019, a new disease was identified in Wuhan, China. A new type of coronavirus was identified to be responsible for this illness, which was caused by a novel type of coronavirus and affected nearly the entire planet. 2019-nCov, or Wuhan-coronavirus, is the name given to this new virus by Chinese researchers. When working with the media, the World Health Organization refers to it as the COVID-19 virus to avoid confusion. COVID-19 is a brand-new product both globally and in India. People's minds have been thrown off by this. In Indian society, there are different rumors regarding the coronavirus that induce panic in people's minds. In humans it causes respiratory tract infections which can be mild or lethal. Mild infections include the common cold, headache, running nose, etc. In pigs and cows it causes diarrhea.
A Case Report on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in a Child
Authors: Wagh Pankaj Wagh , Raut Rohit , Rangari Ankit , Thul Nikita
Published: April 2022

The drive of this study was to examine and investigate ARDS in paediatrics. Using the patient data during diagnosis among all representing relatively small percentages of total admission the most difficult patient population for a clinical to manage is ARDS. We present a 2-year-1-month-old female child with pneumonitis who developed ARDS. ARDS in pediatrics palicc suggested that for mild to severe pARDS, the consensus conference recommended "should be considered" after the peep has been optimized. Aching in the abdomen (in pancreatitis) coughing (often with white or pink frothy mucus) fatigue, fever, and shortness of breath are entirely indications of asthma. Tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are obligatory to advance the ailment of a patient with ARDS. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is prevalent in ventilated patient’s youngsters and is present in up to 30 percent of the overall of all paediatric intensive care unit casualties. Regardless of the circumstance that ARDS is diagnosed via medical criteria, inherited markers of acute lung injury have been comprehensively sightseen in adults and children. Anomalies of the flow of fluids in the body such as inflammatory markers, alveolar epithelial disruption, and high coagulation, along with other anomalous findings in the circulation such as bronchoalveolar lavage, have enriched our indulgent of ARDS pathologic variations.
Development of Low-Cost and Multi-Material Sensing Approach for MQ 135 Sensor
Authors: Hadi Auday Shaker , Alsaker Mohamed , Eshoom Ahmed , Elmnifi Monaem , Alhmode Mohammed A. , Habeeb Laith Jaafer
Published: April 2022

Gas tracking systems in factories and companies have become very critical. The most effective and most important element in these systems is the gas sensor. In this study, MQ 135 (butane and smoke) modified to sense common and harmful gases using a low-cost approach. The processor modified the sensor response unit to respond to hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and chlorine gases. Due to variation in physical properties between these gases mainly density, the gas rise on the air to the detector is different. Consequently, the response time for detection was different. It takes 9, 15, 33, and 36 sec. for butane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and chlorine gases, respectively. The cost reduction of the MQ 135 sensor reduced by 80%.
Blockchain-Enabled Model for Minimizing Post Harvest Losses
Authors: Kumar Kukatlapalli Pradeep , Murthy Hari , Pillai Vinay Jha , Prathap Boppuru Rudra
Published: April 2022

Post-harvest loss (PHL) leads to both decline in quantity and quality of food processing output from harvest to consumption. They can be caused by a wide range of circumstances, from growth conditions to retail handling. As storage loss is considered one among the detrimental factors, in this study, 25 data units were collected from a cold storage facility to analyze and focus specifically on post-harvest losses of vegetables. Various data analysis was carried out using SPSS tool. It was found that majority of losses were due to pest infection, weight losses due to climatic conditions, and transportation losses. On the other hand, blockchain is a trendsetter in the recent technology evolution, which is providing fruitful outcomes in all the integrated fields. We have chosen the same for obtaining a better solution for the afore mentioned problem. Integrating blockchain technology into the structure can significantly reduce storage losses and support producer-consumer lines.
Assessment of Compliance of Quality Indicators as Per Nabh Standards in the Intensive Care Unit (Medicine and Surgery Department) and Operation Theater Department (Old and NBS Building) in Avbrh Hospital, Sawangi (M), Wardha
Authors: Patil Anjali Ramdas , Kanyal Deepika Rajendra Singh
Published: April 2022

The proposed study is intended to study the gaps in providing the quality services as per standards. This study will help us to understand standards to be maintained in the clinical and non-clinical areas, specially intensive care, and OT as they are highly prone to hospital acquired infection. Hence, implement the improvements in the areas required with correct methods and procedures. Objectives: 1. To find and reduce the gaps in the quality services provided in the clinical and non-clinical areas in the OT and ICU. 2. To assess the compliance of percentage of quality indicators. 3. To assess the method of collection of data capturing for the assessment of records.
Performance Enhancement of the Parkinson's Disease Classification Using Deep Learning Model
Authors: D Dinesh Kumar, , Tyagi Sachin , Elashiri Mohamed A. , Degadwala Sheshang
Published: April 2022

Parkinson's Disease is a neurological condition that affects the brain. It causes tremors in the body, hands, and spine, and causes the body to stiffen. A cure or treatment is not yet available, even though the condition is quite advanced. It is only possible to treat a disease when it is in its early stages or onset. As well as cutting the disease's costs, these measures could also save a person's life. In this paper, the study will be on Parkinson's Disease and the capsule network will be used for classification of the Parkinson's Disease. Dataset used for the analysis is downloaded from the Physionet, which consists of images. Research presented here focuses on applying deep learning models to fully understand Parkinson's Disease and identify its earliest signs. In order to assess the model, we look at its precision, recall, and other related metrics. The result section has shown that the capsule network has performed better than the other existing algorithms.
Fuzzy SIR-Epidemic Model for Transmission of Malaria
Authors: Pandiyan Monisha , Devi S. Sindu
Published: April 2022

In this paper we proposed a mathematical fuzzy epidemic model for the transmission dynamics of malaria disease. The transmission and recovery rate are considered the fuzzy parameters. We have discussed about stability analysis and fuzzy basic reproduction number of the disease spread. The graph is obtained from the model analysis and simulation result using data on the number of malaria cases in a particular area showed that malaria cases increased for some time, then decreased.
Effects of Nitro-Paraffin Based Fuel Additive on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Motorcycle Gasoline Engines
Authors: Long Hoang Dinh
Published: April 2022

Studies on the effective use of available fuel resources and the emission reduction of vehicles towards clean energy are always of interest for the sustainable development goals of the world nations. For that purpose, this paper studies the effects of nitro-paraffin-based fuel additives on the performance and emission characteristics of spark-ignition engines of motorcycles running on E5 gasoline-ethanol blends. The additive substance is referred as Maz-Nitro (Maz) supplied by Maz Energy Pte Ltd., which employs a unique combination of nitro-paraffins and 1.82% of ester oil. The studies were conducted on motorcycle engines by laboratory tests on the chassis-dyno and by field tests on the road under different engine operating conditions and different additive dosages blended in fuel. The results showed that the additive with the dosage of 750 ppm gives a good improvement of engine operation in terms of fuel-saving and emission reduction. The average power improvement and fuel-saving at engine full load are 2.82% and 2.97%, respectively. The average reductions of CO, HC, and NOx emissions are 9.05%, 12.8%, and 2.03%, respectively. The use of this fuel additive may significantly contribute to reducing environmental pollution and saving fuel resources.
A Review on Development and Trend of Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Chavan Nandini Pratap , Kale Mukund S , Deshmukh Suhas P , Thakar Chetan M
Published: April 2022

Machines are employed in a wide range of industrial applications. All machines are prone to fatigue, wear, deformation, and other effects while in operation. As a result of these effects, the clearance between mating parts increases, the rotor becomes unbalanced, and the shafts become misaligned, all of which contribute to an increase in vibration. Vibration levels rise, eventually leading to the machine's malfunction or breakdown. The machine's performance and quality have a direct impact on its life and dependability. Equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnostics are standard procedures used by processing and manufacturing facilities to monitor machine availability, performance, and dependability. Monitoring machine vibration for fault identification has been demonstrated to be the most effective way for machinery condition monitoring. Fault diagnosis sets the stage for fault tolerance, dependability, and security, all of which are critical design elements in complex engineering systems. This paper presents an overview of recent advancements and progress in the philosophy and concepts of condition monitoring, diagnostics, and failure detection. It's critical to have a good bearing condition monitoring and fault detection system in place so that developing bearing defects may be properly identified and analyzed before they cause further damage to the machine. Because higher signal levels are observed in fault cases, vibration analysis provides a suitable foundation for condition monitoring.
Mystery of Shedding Coronavirus in Tears of Patients Affected with COVID-19
Authors: Bhagat Shweta , Hada Yash
Published: April 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) caused 2019 new coronavirus illness (COVID-19) has spread globally, causing a pandemic. The WHO declared the outbreak a pandemic on January 31, 2020. 2020 has been marked as COVID pandemic year. SARSCoV2 caused a global outbreak of this infectious disease. A number of cases has continued to rise since then. Coronavirus is a highly infectious disease spread mostly by respiratory droplets and direct contact with affected individuals. Viral isolation and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis confirm the diagnosis. While the pathways of virus transmission are still debated, several investigations have been conducted to identify tear film and conjunctiva as the mode of virus transmission. Multiple case reports have surfaced in which ophthalmic doctors were found to be infected during routine management. From January 26 to February 9, 2020, 30 confirmed novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) patients were recruited for a prospective interventional case series investigation at Zhejiang University's first affiliated hospital. Tear and conjunctival secretions were collected twice with disposable sample swabs at a 2-to-3 day interval for the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. Twenty-one individuals with NCP of the common type and nine patients with NCP of the severe kind were included in the study. The lone patient with conjunctivitis had two samples of tear and conjunctival secretions, both of which generated positive RTPCR results. A total of 58 samples from different patients were found to be negative.
Analytical Success Study to Identify the Amazon’s Managing Capability
Authors: Parbat Tanmayee Tushar , Jain Honey , Benhal Rohan , Karad Vishwanath
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to present the Amazon success strategies. Since the objective of the company is to become the best place to buy, find, and discover any product or service available online. Amazon.com will continue to enhance and broaden its brand, customer base, and electronic commerce expertise with the goal of creating customers' preferred online shopping destination, in the United States and around the world.
Math Accessibility for Blind People in Society Using Machine Learning
Authors: Shinde Sagar Bhilaji , Alagirisamy Mukil , Wagh Kalyani , Dhore Prasad
Published: April 2022

Math plays a crucial role in each and every sector belonging to human beings in society. Sometimes, it is very difficult to recognize math equations and symbols due to variation in writing, change in stroke, touching symbols, and many more. The blind people get very low success in math recognition as compared to character and digit recognition. It is needed to develop blind math application in which various math equations and symbols have to be recognized. The proposed system uses a machine learning approach to identify the various math equations and symbols by extracting various statistical and complex features with well-known classifier viz. support vector machine, neural network, and K-nearest neighbor. The math documents have to be scanned and recognized. Finally, a text to speech converter has been made to get the contents of math documents for blind people in society. The proposed system will be helpful for blind math applications and it will not affect the health of blind people in terms of stress on the eye to recognize so the health can be maintained and documents can be read.The implemented system can be used by blind people to read the math documents, digits on a bank check, calculate the valuation of currency, etc.
E-Learning: A Boon in Pandemic
Authors: Surpam Shrinivas , Anjankar Sumedha , Dhok Archana , Kumbhare J. M.
Published: April 2022

The onset of COVID-19 brought with itself many revolutionary changes in the whole world circuit, be it entertainment, research, education, or medical practice. The quarantine mode made unique challenges for the medical education, and thanks to the ever-inquisitive minds of the technical people, various e-learning tools were developed for the students and the teachers to help bridge the gap between them through technology. This study was done in a tertiary medical college in central India where the students were asked to rate the e-learning provided by the teachers in the medical college. Methodology: About 100 medical students from a tertiary medical teaching college in Central India were randomly selected from first to final year, and an online questionnaire was provided to them to answer the questions. The answers were organized, tabulated, and inferences were drawn. The study took place from January 2021 to April 2021. It was a descriptive study. Appropriate tests were applied accordingly. Observations: Out of a total of 100 medical students studied, 30 belonged to 1st year, 25 belonged to 2nd year, 25 belonged to 3rd year, and 20 students belonged to final year MBBS. 65% were female students and 35% were male students.
Investigation on Performance Evaluation and Thermal and Structural Analysis of Steam Turbine Blades
Authors: Mukherjee Arkadeep , Bhargava Naman , Mathur Parth , Varun Kanneboina , Prabu S. Senthur
Published: April 2022

The main objective of this research paper is to investigate the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine blades made up of Inconel 718 compare to the conventional 17-4Ph Stainless Steel grade. Turbine blades are subjected to extreme temperature circumstances inside a steam turbine during operation. Inconel's high-temperature strength is developed by solid solution strengthening or precipitation hardening, depending on the alloy. Inconel retains strength over a wide temperature range, attractive for high-temperature applications where aluminum and steel would succumb to creep as a result of thermally induced crystal vacancies. A study has been made on the performance evaluation of the steam turbine blades and also with the help of Ansys workbench, the thermal and static structural analysis is carried out by considering the heat boundary conditions to optimize for better functioning of the steam turbine blades in extreme temperature conditions.
Discretion in Applying Provisions of Law: Linguistic Prospects For AI and Machine Learning
Authors: Barikova Anna , Bernaziuk Yan
Published: April 2022

The note presents the will of actions in using the provisions of the law as an assessment when making an opinion, or as a choice of a more favorable and correct conclusion from the number of varieties allowed by law. This legal appearance was presented in the guise of a targeted cause-and-effect graph, in which all actions are associated with a friend with another, are considered the reasons or consequences of a friend of a friend. Any of its vertex points is an event, an edge is an association, the orientation of the edges is from the corollary to the base. The features of the euro legislation on AI are considered. The essence of the artificial origin of the mind has been studied for making conclusions at personal discretion. The reprimand was made on the model of AI and machine learning, which have every chance to be: multifunctional, dynamic, expressed in the definitions of mathematical functions, risk models, credit optimization; static, expressed in relationships between data objects (chart of accounts, affairs between subjects). The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus dataset has been demonstrated as a benchmark for robust AI. Methods of controlled machine learning have been discovered, encompassing authorized learning ("student's task"), inductive programming ("life experience"), predictive power ("scientist's task"), study campaign ("teacher's task"). The classification of arguments, methodologies and layouts has been determined for a discretionary judgment process with a pertinent case of the Euro Court of Human Rights.
Comparison of International Stock Market Volatility: An Empirical Analysis During Economic Crisis 2008 and COVID-19
Authors: I Vikram , I Ankita Hotwan , Mohanty Debasis
Published: April 2022

The repercussions occasionally are more detrimental than the storm. Similar is the scenario of the Economic Crisis 2008. It was devastating at the moment, but the concern was more towards the time period it has prolonged in the economy. In mid-March 2020, when our honourable Prime Minister announced about the entire nation lockdown, COVID-19 was proven to be a pandemic that was proven to be a pandemic that not only deteriorated the health of the nation but also was a revolutionary change for the economy as well. Hence, estimating volatility in such dreadful scenarios becomes extremely important.
Exploration of Graphene as an Electrode on Al-Ion Based Supercapacitor
Authors: Shenbagabalakrishnan B. , Gayathri V.
Published: April 2022

Graphene is a wonderful material of 2D sheet with enhanced surface area, along with its high electrical and thermal conductivity, makes it a prominent place in energy storage domain. Its electrochemical energy storage activities are analyzed using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) in 5M Al(NO3)3 electrolytes. We have taken graphene nanopowder, whose lattice plane is oriented in the direction (0 0 2) and observed the ratio of intensity corresponding to D & G band has 0.33 by Raman analysis. Through CV characteristics, we have estimated the specific capacitance as 15 F/g at 10 mV/s and with Nyquist plot Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) is obtained around 19 Ω. It is interesting to mention that high surface area has strong impact on charge/discharge cycles, which provides high power density. This leads to perfect coulombic efficiency (100%) with no degradation even after 2,000 cycles.
Advances in Printable, Flexible and Transparent Graphene Photodetectors for Optoelectronics Applications
Authors: S Anil Subash , MB Shubha , Athreya Yash N , Khosla Ajit , C Manjunatha
Published: April 2022

Photodetectors, often known as photosensors, are light or electromagnetic radiation sensors. Graphene is a carbon allotrope made up of a single layer of carbon atoms that are linked together in a hexagonal configuration. Carbon nanotubes, another emerging material, are made from rolled graphene. The high carrier mobility, linear dispersion, and 0 bandgap of graphene contribute to the ultra-fast, wide-spectrum response of graphene photodetectors from visible to infrared. The high responsivity of graphene photodetectors is 500 A/W for light of 450 nm and 4 A/W for light of 1064 nm. The strong compatibility of graphene with silicon technology has been explored, and recent discoveries open the way for chip integrated photodetectors with high-performance. This article will be covering different types of photodetectors which differ in type of materials used, along with graphene and type of methods of manufacture. It gives each device construction and working along with results on its responsivity and sensitivity. We then cover the innumerable applications of graphene-based photodetectors in communication sector, medical sector, and in flexible electronics which are discussed briefly. We also go through the advancements in materials and manufacturing processes, emphasizing that graphene photodetector devices are gaining popularity due to their capacity to provide long-term real-time precise monitoring. Lastly, we discuss advantages and hurdles that are to be overcome.
Comparative In-silico Analysis of Structural and Functional Attributes of Microbial Lipases
Authors: Priya Tabishi , Sharma Chhavi , Singh Rajni
Published: April 2022

Lipase is the third most demanding enzyme group and is a major component of fat metabolism. It is omnipresent in nature. Microbial lipases are highly specific and economically efficient enzymes. They have applications in a variety of industries. In this study, the computational result elucidates structural and functional attributes of eight selected lipases from Uniprot. Primary, secondary, and tertiary structures obtained from Swiss and Profunc are analyzed. Further, they are validated with the help of Saves Server. COACH and COFACTOR is used for functional analysis. Lastly, phylogenetic tree is developed using MegaX software. Our in-silico analysis predicted lipases as alpha-beta-gamma protein with different ligand binding sites at different amino acid residue positions. Furthermore, they exhibited almost similar functional traits like catalytic activity and hydrolase activity. Overall, this study provides an insight into structural-functional characteristics of different lipases of microbial origin.
Nanoporous Palm Kernel Shell as an Effective Adsorbent for the Treatment of Lead Ion from Contaminated Water
Authors: Jose J Michael , Gladis E H Edinsha , J Joseph
Published: April 2022

Removal of lead ion (Pb2+) from wastewater with the aid of adsorbent from palm kernel shell were investigated. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. The adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, and metal ion concentration on the adsorption process have been investigated using the batch process technique. The kinetic data of the adsorption were fitted with the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second-order models, as well as Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The experimental results were found to be well fitted with pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models. The results also reveal that activated carbon derived from wood saw dust was an efficient adsorbent for the adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. The maximum sorption capacity of the Pb2+ion was detected as 49.5 (mg/g), respectively. The adsorption capacity of PKS for Pb(II) was better in near-neutral pH. The mechanism for Pb(II) adsorption onto wood saw dust involves the interactions of N and S atoms with heavy metals, compound formation, and surface adsorption. The removal of Pb2+ ions using PKS was found to be an endothermic adsorption process with a positive correlation between adsorption capacities, meaning that it was a chemisorption adsorption process based on H value. We also discovered a negative relationship between the initial metal ion concentration and the adsorption of Pb2+ ions onto PKS sites. The thermodynamic parameter, Ho (positive value), and Go (negative value) indicate endothermic process and spontaneous.
Experimental Investigation of a Novel Design Solar Still Desalination System
Authors: Aruldoss Wesley Jeevadason , S Padmini , C Bharatiraja
Published: April 2022

In this paper, new design solar still with a double wedged glass cover design over a concrete material basin is evaluated for its performance under the passive mode of operation. The performability of the Twin Wedge Solar Still (TWSS) is analyzed in contrast with a Conventional Solar Still (CSS). The TWSS delivered freshwater of 1.3 l/m2,which is twice the yield of the CSS (0.635 l/m2). The daily energy efficiency of TWSS is 33.94%. The economics of this system evaluated for futuristic development. The TWSS delivered clean water at the cost of 0.033 $/l. The payback period was only 11 months for TWSS, whereas it is five years and ten months for CSS. In high-temperature areas, TWSS integrated on the building roof can simultaneously harvest the solar energy to generate water, as well as keep the building cool by preventing heat penetration into the building.
Current Drifts in Design and Development of Prodrugs
Authors: Krishna Gaurav , Shah Kamal
Published: April 2022

The design and development of prodrug is based on the objectivity to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles including toxicity of the potent chemical entity. Currently, the prodrug approach is extended with conjugating the parent drug with a self immolating molecule or linker which itself assembles into nanoparticles and prolonged the blood circulation and having passive targeting ability. It also includes delivery of the drug at target site having specific pH condition, delivery of drug to brain by endogenous carrier molecule, NQO1 activable prodrug, prodrug with sustained release behavior, receptor targeted, dual action prodrug, activation via specific enzyme like human carboxylesterase, and phospholipase A2. Some other approaches to prodrug development are that the conversion of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) into ionic liquids (ILs). In this the biocompatible ionic liquids include choline and amino acid esters are used. One of the anticancer drug methotrexate is formulated into ionic liquid form and used as potential anticancer prodrug. In addition to improvement in combination chemotherapy, there is photoresponsive hybrid prodrug that consists of a photoremovable protecting group. The release of doxorubicin and combrestatin A4 is mainly triggered by 405 nm light and 365 nm light respectively and displayed a quasi-sequential release behavior.