bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity and Host Specificity Revealed by Biological Characterization and Whole Genome Sequencing of Bacteriophages Infecting Salmonella enterica
Authors: Fong Karen , Tremblay Denise M. , Delaquis Pascal , Goodridge Lawrence , Levesque Roger C. , Moineau Sylvain , Suttle Curtis A. , Wang Siyun
Published: September 2019

Phages infecting members of the opportunistic human pathogen, Salmonella enterica, are widespread in natural environments and offer a potential source of agents that could be used for controlling populations of this bacterium; yet, relatively little is known about these phages. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of 45 phages of Salmonella enterica from disparate geographic locations within British Columbia, Canada. Host-range profiling revealed host-specific patterns of susceptibility and resistance, with several phages identified that have a broad-host range (i.e., able to lyse >40% of bacterial hosts tested). One phage in particular, SE13, is able to lyse 51 out of the 61 Salmonella strains tested. Comparative genomic analyses also revealed an abundance of sequence diversity in the sequenced phages. Alignment of the genomes grouped the phages into 12 clusters with three singletons. Phages within certain clusters exhibited extraordinarily high genome homology (>98% nucleotide identity), yet between clusters, genomes exhibited a span of diversity (<50% nucleotide identity). Alignment of the major capsid protein also supported the clustering pattern observed with alignment of the whole genomes. We further observed associations between genomic relatedness and the site of isolation, as well as genetic elements related to DNA metabolism and host virulence. Our data support the knowledge framework for phage diversity and phage–host interactions that are required for developing phage-based applications for various sectors, including biocontrol, detection and typing.
Puumala and Tula Virus Differ in Replication Kinetics and Innate Immune Stimulation in Human Endothelial Cells and Macrophages
Authors: Bourquain Daniel , Bodenstein Clemens , Schürer Stefanie , Schaade Lars
Published: September 2019

Old world hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) upon zoonotic transmission to humans. In Europe, the Puumala virus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of HFRS. Tula virus (TULV) is also widely distributed in Europe, but there is little knowledge about the pathogenicity of TULV for humans, as reported cases are rare. We studied the replication of TULV in different cell types in comparison to the pathogenic PUUV and analyzed differences in stimulation of innate immunity. While both viruses replicated to a similar extent in interferon (IFN)-deficient Vero E6 cells, TULV replication in human lung epithelial (A549) cells was slower and less efficient when compared to PUUV. In contrast to PUUV, no replication of TULV could be detected in human microvascular endothelial cells and in macrophages. While a strong innate immune response towards PUUV infection was evident at 48 h post infection, TULV infection triggered only a weak IFN response late after infection of A549 cells. Using appropriate in vitro cell culture models for the orthohantavirus infection, we could demonstrate major differences in host cell tropism, replication kinetics, and innate immune induction between pathogenic PUUV and the presumably non- or low-pathogenic TULV that are not observed in Vero E6 cells and may contribute to differences in virulence.
Highly Divergent Genetic Variants of Soricid-Borne Altai Virus (Hantaviridae) in Eurasia Suggest Ancient Host-Switching Events
Authors: Kang Hae Ji , Gu Se Hun , Yashina Liudmila N. , Cook Joseph A. , Yanagihara Richard
Published: September 2019

With the recent discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) in shrews (order Eulipotyphla, family Soricidae), the once-conventional view that rodents (order Rodentia) served as the primordial reservoir hosts now appears improbable. The newly identified soricid-borne hantaviruses generally demonstrate well-resolved lineages organized according to host taxa and geographic origin. However, beginning in 2007, we detected sequences that did not conform to the prototypic hantaviruses associated with their soricid host species and/or geographic locations. That is, Eurasian common shrews (Sorex araneus), captured in Hungary and Russia, were found to harbor hantaviruses belonging to two separate and highly divergent lineages. We have since accumulated additional examples of these highly distinctive hantavirus sequences in the Laxmann’s shrew (Sorex caecutiens), flat-skulled shrew (Sorex roboratus) and Eurasian least shrew (Sorex minutissimus), captured at the same time and in the same location in the Sakha Republic in Far Eastern Russia. Pair-wise alignment and phylogenetic analysis of partial and full-length S-, M- and/or L-segment sequences indicate that a distinct hantavirus species related to Altai virus (ALTV), first reported in a Eurasian common shrew from Western Siberia, was being maintained in these closely related syntopic soricine shrew species. These findings suggest that genetic variants of ALTV might have resulted from ancient host-switching events with subsequent diversification within the Soricini tribe in Eurasia.
Hematological Malignancies and HBV Reactivation Risk: Suggestions for Clinical Management
Authors: Zannella Alessandra , Marignani Massimo , Begini Paola
Published: September 2019

It is well known that hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) can occur among patients undergoing treatment for hematological malignancies (HM). The evaluation of HBVr risk in patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatments is a multidimensional process, which includes conducting an accurate clinical history and physical examination, consideration of the virological categories, of the medication chosen to treat these hematological malignancies and the degree of immunosuppression induced. Once the risk of reactivation has been defined, it is crucial to adopt adequate management strategies (should reactivation occur). The purpose of treatment is to prevent dire clinical consequences of HBVr such as acute/fulminant hepatitis, and liver failure. Treatment will be instituted according to the indications and evidence provided by current international recommendations and to prevent interruption of lifesaving anti-neoplastic treatments. In this paper, we will present the available data regarding the risk of HBVr in this special population of immunosuppressed patients and explore the relevance of effective prevention and management of this potentially life-threatening event. A computerized literature search was performed using appropriate terms to discover relevant articles. Current evidence supports the policy of universal HBV testing of patients scheduled to undergo treatment for hematological malignancies, and clinicians should be aware of the inherent risk of viral reactivation among the different virological categories and classes of immunosuppressive drugs.
Recombination in Enteroviruses, a Multi-Step Modular Evolutionary Process
Authors: Muslin Claire , Mac Kain Alice , Bessaud Maël , Blondel Bruno , Delpeyroux Francis
Published: September 2019

RNA recombination is a major driving force in the evolution and genetic architecture shaping of enteroviruses. In particular, intertypic recombination is implicated in the emergence of most pathogenic circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses, which have caused numerous outbreaks of paralytic poliomyelitis worldwide. Recent experimental studies that relied on recombination cellular systems mimicking natural genetic exchanges between enteroviruses provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms of enterovirus recombination and enabled to define a new model of genetic plasticity for enteroviruses. Homologous intertypic recombinant enteroviruses that were observed in nature would be the final products of a multi-step process, during which precursor nonhomologous recombinant genomes are generated through an initial inter-genomic RNA recombination event and can then evolve into a diversity of fitter homologous recombinant genomes over subsequent intra-genomic rearrangements. Moreover, these experimental studies demonstrated that the enterovirus genome could be defined as a combination of genomic modules that can be preferentially exchanged through recombination, and enabled defining the boundaries of these recombination modules. These results provided the first experimental evidence supporting the theoretical model of enterovirus modular evolution previously elaborated from phylogenetic studies of circulating enterovirus strains. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of recombination in enteroviruses and presents a new evolutionary process that may apply to other RNA viruses.
Tick Bites Induce Anti-α-Gal Antibodies in Dogs
Authors: Hodžić Adnan , Mateos-Hernández Lourdes , Leschnik Michael , Alberdi Pilar , Rego Ryan , Contreras Marinela , Villar Margarita , de la Fuente José , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro , Duscher Georg
Published: September 2019

Due to the functional inactivation of the gene encoding for the enzyme that is involved in the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) synthesis, humans and Old-World primates are able to produce a large amount of antibodies against the glycan epitope. Apart from being involved in the hyperacute organ rejection in humans, anti-α-Gal antibodies have shown a protective effect against some pathogenic agents and an implication in the recently recognized tick-induced mammalian meat allergy. Conversely, non-primate mammals, including dogs, have the ability to synthetize α-Gal and, thus, their immune system is not expected to naturally generate the antibodies toward this self-antigen molecule. However, in the current study, we detected specific IgG, IgM, and IgE antibodies to α-Gal in sera of clinically healthy dogs by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the first time. Furthermore, in a tick infestation experiment, we showed that bites of Ixodes ricinus induce the immune response to α-Gal in dogs and that the resulting antibodies (IgM) might be protective against Anaplasma phagocytophilum. These findings may help lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in mammalian meat allergy and tick-host-pathogen interactions, but they also open up the question about the possibility that dogs could develop an allergy to mammalian meat after tick bites, similar to that in humans.
The Performance of Satellite-Based Actual Evapotranspiration Products and the Assessment of Irrigation Efficiency in Egypt
Authors: Ayyad Saher , Al Zayed Islam S. , Ha Van Tran Thi , Ribbe Lars
Published: September 2019

Monitoring of crop water consumption, also known as actual evapotranspiration (ETa), is crucial for the prudent use of limited freshwater resources. Remote-sensing-based algorithms have become a popular approach for providing spatio-temporal information on ETa. Satellite-based ETa products are widely available. However, identifying an adequate product remains a challenge due to validation data scarcity. This study developed an assessment process to identify superior ETa products in agricultural areas in Egypt. The land cover product (MCD12Q1) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) was evaluated and used to detect agricultural areas. The performances of three ETa products, namely: Earth Engine Evapotranspiration Flux (EEFlux), USGS-FEWS NET SSEBop ETa monthly product, and MODIS ETa monthly product (MOD16A2), were evaluated. The ETa values of these products were compared to previous ETa observations and evaluated using the integrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (iNDVI) on a seasonal and annual basis. Finally, the irrigation efficiency throughout Egypt was calculated based on the annual Relative Water Supply (RWS) index. Results reveal that the SSEBop monthly product has the best performance in Egypt, followed by the MOD16A2. The EEFlux overestimated ETa values by 36%. RWS had a range of 0.96–1.47, indicating high irrigation efficiency. The findings reported herein can assist in improving irrigation water management in Egypt and the Nile Basin.
Physically Based Estimation of Rainfall Thresholds Triggering Shallow Landslides in Volcanic Slopes of Southern Italy
Authors: Fusco Francesco , De Vita Pantaleone , Mirus Benjamin B. , Baum Rex L. , Allocca Vincenzo , Tufano Rita , Di Clemente Enrico , Calcaterra Domenico
Published: September 2019

On the 4th and 5th of March 2005, about 100 rainfall-induced landslides occurred along volcanic slopes of Camaldoli Hill in Naples, Italy. These started as soil slips in the upper substratum of incoherent and welded volcaniclastic deposits, then evolved downslope according to debris avalanche and debris flow mechanisms. This specific case of slope instability on complex volcaniclastic deposits remains poorly characterized and understood, although similar shallow landsliding phenomena have largely been studied in other peri-volcanic areas of the Campania region underlain by carbonate bedrock. Considering the landslide hazard in this urbanized area, this study focused on quantitatively advancing the understanding of the predisposing factors and hydrological conditions contributing to the initial landslide triggering. Borehole drilling, trial pits, dynamic penetrometer tests, topographic surveys, and infiltration tests were conducted on a slope sector of Camaldoli Hill to develop a geological framework model. Undisturbed soil samples were collected for laboratory testing to further characterize hydraulic and geotechnical properties of the soil units identified. In situ soil pressure head monitoring probes were also installed. A numerical model of two-dimensional variably saturated subsurface water flow was parameterized for the monitored hillslope using field and laboratory data. Based on the observed soil pressure head dynamics, the model was calibrated by adjusting the evapotranspiration parameters. This physically based hydrologic model was combined with an infinite-slope stability analysis to reconstruct the critical unsaturated/saturated conditions leading to slope failure. This coupled hydromechanical numerical model was then used to determine intensity–duration (I-D) thresholds for landslide initiation over a range of plausible rainfall intensities and topographic slope angles for the region. The proposed approach can be conceived as a practicable method for defining a warning criterion in urbanized areas threatened by rainfall-induced shallow landslides, given the unavailability of a consistent inventory of past landslide events that prevents a rigorous empirical analysis.
Potential of Water Hyacinth Infestation on Lake Tana, Ethiopia: A Prediction Using a GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Technique
Authors: Dersseh Minychl G. , Kibret Aron A. , Tilahun Seifu A. , Worqlul Abeyou W. , Moges Mamaru A. , Dagnew Dessalegn C. , Abebe Wubneh B. , Melesse Assefa M.
Published: September 2019

Water hyacinth is a well-known invasive weed in lakes across the world and harms the aquatic environment. Since 2011, the weed has invaded Lake Tana substantially posing a challenge to the ecosystem services of the lake. The major factors which affect the growth of the weed are phosphorus, nitrogen, temperature, pH, salinity, and lake depth. Understanding and investigating the hotspot areas is vital to predict the areas for proper planning of interventions. The main objective of this study is therefore to predict the hotspot areas of the water hyacinth over the surface of the lake using the geographical information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) technique. The main parameters used in the multi-criteria analysis were total phosphorus (>0.08 mg L−1), total nitrogen (>1.1 mg L−1), temperature (<26.2 °C), pH (<8.6), salinity (<0.011%), and depth (<6 m). These parameters were collected from 143 sampling sites on the lake in August, December (2016), and March (2017). Fuzzy overlay spatial analysis was used to overlay the different parameters to obtain the final prediction map of water hyacinth infestation areas. The results indicated that 24,969 ha (8.1%), 21,568.7 ha (7.1%), and 24,036 ha (7.9%) of the lake are susceptible to invasion by the water hyacinth in August, December, and March, respectively. At the maximum historical lake level, 30,728.4 ha will be the potential susceptible area for water hyacinth growth and expansion at the end of the rainy season in August. According to the result of this study, the north and northeastern parts of the lake are highly susceptible for invasion. Hence, water hyacinth management and control plans shall mainly focus on the north and northeastern part of Lake Tana and upstream contributing watersheds.
Pilot-Scale Evaluation of a Permeable Reactive Barrier with Compost and Brown Coal to Treat Groundwater Contaminated with Trichloroethylene
Authors: Grajales-Mesa S. Johana , Malina Grzegorz
Published: September 2019

This study evaluates, under field conditions, the efficiency of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) with compost and brown coal to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) (109 µg/L) from contaminated groundwater. Three stainless steel boxes (1.2 × 0.5 × 0.5 m) with the brown coal-compost mixture at three different mixing ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 (by volume) were installed to simulate the PRB. Groundwater from the TCE-contaminated aquifer was pumped into the system at a flow rate of 3.6 L/h. Residence times in the boxes were of: 25, 20, 10 h, respectively. Effluent samples were analyzed for TCE and its daughter products: dichloroethylene (DCE), vinyl chloride (VC) and ethane. During the 198-day experimental period TCE concentrations in groundwater decreased below ≤1.1 µg/L, i.e., much lower than groundwater and drinking water standards in Poland. After 16 days cis-1,2-DCE was monitored indicating possible reductive dechlorination of TCE. However, complete transformation of TCE into non-toxic byproducts was not evidenced during the time of experiments, indicating that reductive dechlorination slowed down or stopped at DCE, and that the designed residence times were not long enough to allow the complete dechlorination process.
A Continuous Drought Probability Monitoring System, CDPMS, Based on Copulas
Authors: Pontes Filho João Dehon , Portela Maria Manuela , Marinho de Carvalho Studart Ticiana , Souza Filho Francisco de Assis
Published: September 2019

The standardized precipitation index (SPI), is one of the most used drought indices. However, it is difficult to use to monitor the ongoing drought characteristics because it cannot be expeditiously related to precipitation deficits. It also does not provide information regarding the drought probability nor the temporal evolution of the droughts. By assigning the SPI to drought-triggering precipitation thresholds, a copula-based continuous drought probability monitoring system (CDPMS), was developed aiming to monitor the probability of having a drought as the rainy season advances. In fact, in climates with very pronounced rainy seasonality, the absence of precipitation during the rainy season is the fundamental cause of droughts. After presenting the CDPMS, we describe its application to Mainland Portugal and demonstrate that the system has an increased capability of anticipating drought probability by the end of the rainy season as new precipitation records are collected. The good performance of the system results from the ability of the copula to model complex dependence structures as those existing between precipitations at different time intervals. CDPMS is an innovative and user-friendly tool to monitor precipitation and, consequently, the drought probability, allowing the user to anticipate mitigation and adaptation measures, or even to issue alerts.
A Numerical Study of Fluid Flow in a Vertical Slot Fishway with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method
Authors: Novak Gorazd , Tafuni Angelantonio , Domínguez José M. , Četina Matjaž , Žagar Dušan
Published: September 2019

Fishways have a great ecological importance as they help mitigate the interruptions of fish migration routes. In the present work, the novel DualSPHysics v4.4 solver, based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method (SPH), has been applied to perform three-dimensional (3-D) simulations of water flow in a vertical slot fishway (VSF). The model has been successfully calibrated against published field data of flow velocities that were measured with acoustic Doppler velocity probes. A state-of-the-art algorithm for the treatment of open boundary conditions using buffer layers has been applied to accurately reproduce discharges, water elevations, and average velocity profiles (longitudinal and transverse velocities) within the observed pool of the VSF. Results herein indicate that DualSPHysics can be an accurate tool for modeling turbulent subcritical free surface flows similar to those that occur in VSF. A novel relation between the number of fluid particles and the artificial viscosity coefficient has been formulated with a simple logarithmic fit.
Acetaminophen Removal from Water by Microalgae and Effluent Toxicity Assessment by the Zebrafish Embryo Bioassay
Authors: Escapa Carla , Coimbra Ricardo N. , Neuparth Teresa , Torres Tiago , Santos Miguel M. , Otero Marta
Published: September 2019

In this work, zebrafish embryo bioassays were performed to assess the efficiency of microalgae in the removal of acetaminophen from water. Chlorella sorokiniana (CS), Chlorella vulgaris (CV) and Scenedesmus obliquus (SO) were the strains used for water treatment. Toxic effects on zebrafish embryo caused by effluents from microalgae treatment were compared with those observed under exposure to experimental solutions with known concentrations of acetaminophen. The three microalgae strains allowed for the reduction of acetaminophen concentration and its toxic effects, but CS was the most efficient one. At the end of the batch culture, a 67% removal was provided by CS with a reduction of 62% in the total abnormalities on the exposed zebrafish embryo. On the other hand, toxic effects observed under exposure to effluents treated by microalgae were alike to those determined for acetaminophen experimental solutions with equivalent concentration. Thus, it may be inferred that microalgae biodegradation of acetaminophen did not involve an increased toxicity for zebrafish embryo.
Comparison of the effects of zinc-silver cream and Nigella sativa oil on wound healing and oxidative stress in the wound model in rats
Authors: KUMANDAŞ Ali , KARSLI Birkan , KÜRÜM Aytül , ÇINAR Miyase , ELMA Ertuğrul
Published: September 2019

The present study was undertaken to evaluate of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) and zinc-silver cream in a rat model of wound healing by means of clinical appearance, histopathology, oxidative stress parameters, and biomechanical tests. The rats were divided into three groups, each having twenty animals. Group 1 served as a control having wound. Other two groups received either NS oil or zinc-silver cream in addition to the wound.  The study was initiated after the animals rested for 2 weeks for acclimation. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected animals from each group at days 0, 3, 7 and 14 for oxidative stress measurements. Differences among groups for blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidant values were determined with respect to biochemical oxidative stress results (P<0.01). Wound sites of 10 animals from each group were allocated for histopathological examinations, and those of the remaining 10 animals from each group were used in biomechanical testing. Histopathological examination revealed that epithelization occurred in all groups. Inflammatory response with an intensive vascularization was present in the samples of the silver group (P<0.01). Consequently, zinc-silver group has differed positively in terms of biochemical and biomechanical and histological aspects compared to other groups for wound healing and oxidative stress.
Tentatives de mise aux normes urbaines internationales des « périphéries du monde ». Le cas de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Lefebvre Félix
Published: September 2019

Specific public authorities practices and representations in Ouagadougou seem to demonstrate a will to make the city more competitive towards his “rivals” of the “peripheries of the world”, and to attract international Investments. But this will for order and normalize the city produces in reality contrasted results that reveal urban contradictions, and potentially conflicting urban strategies from the urban actors. So here we have an opportunity to analyze the differences between standardization through the model and the resistance of context, highlighting the field spatial contradictions.
La densification standardisée au risque de la faible urbanité. Dynamiques toulousaines
Authors: Laumière Florence , Sibertin-Blanc Mariette , Siino Corinne
Published: September 2019

À la croisée d’un double processus de standardisation , la production urbaine à Toulouse révèle les effets d’une certaine généralisation des modes d’urbanisation contemporains. D’une part la territorialisation a minima des projets urbains toulousains offre des formes résidentielles et urbaines relativement banales au regard des expériences métropolitaines françaises. D’autre part, une standardisation plus discrète de la production urbaine, représentée essentiellement par la construction de logements dans le tissu urbain diffus, interroge la prise en charge des espaces et équipements publics. Face à la croissance démographique et à la diversité des besoins des groupes sociaux (en particulier les familles, étudiants, populations en précarité), quelle ville propose cette production ?
Vers la « capsularisation » de l’autoroute. Incidences des dispositifs de protection au bruit sur la qualité du paysage et de l’espace urbain de la métropole Aix-Marseille
Authors: Salvia Gabriele , Hanrot Stéphane
Published: September 2019

Les dispositifs de protection acoustique constituent la réponse générique, imposée par la loi, pour traiter les nuisances des autoroutes en milieu urbain et périurbain. Si la règlementation et les études acoustiques sont aujourd’hui capables de résoudre le « problème » du bruit, la prise en compte d’autres aspects, tels que le contexte, la qualité de l’espace qu’ils produisent et leur gestion est généralement négligée. Partant de ce constat, quels types de paysages ces dispositifs de protection fabriquent-ils ? Quels sont leurs effets sur la perception des automobilistes et sur la forme et les usages des tissus urbains limitrophes ? L’analyse des dispositifs de protection acoustique le long des autoroutes A7 et A51 de la métropole Aix-Marseille-Provence permet de répondre à ces questions. Face à la faible pertinence des solutions systématiquement utilisées, il s’agit de savoir si d’autres ne seraient pas plus adaptées aux enjeux urbains et paysagers des différents territoires que l’autoroute traverse aujourd’hui.
ANTARA KUALITAS PELAYANAN JASA EKSPEDISI DENGAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN
Authors: Winarti Euis , Primadiana Tiffany
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan jasa ekspedisi terhadap loyalitas konsumen PT. NCS Jakarta Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang bersikap deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan dan menjelaskan variabel independen yaitu kualitas pelayanan jasa ekspedisi sejauh mana pengaruh terhadap variabel dependen yaitu loyalitas konsumen, dengan populasi selama satu hari sebanyak 60 orang, maka teknik sampling yang diambil menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa hasil yang diperoleh Ho = diterima dan H1 = ditolak atau bisa diartikan tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variabel X yaitu kualitas pelayanan jasa ekspedisi terhadap variabel Y loyalitas konsumen. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa kualitas pelayanan jasa ekspedisi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen PT. NCS Jakarta Barat.

Kata kunci : Kualitas Pelayanan, Loyalitas, Kepuasan Konsumen
MOTIVASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIFITAS KERJA KARYAWAN POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA
Authors: Widowati Retno
Published: September 2019

Saat ini perusahaan membutuhkan sumber daya manusia yang potensial.Perusahaan selalu bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawannya. Oleh sebab itu berbagai cara di lakukan oleh perusahaan untuk mengetahui faktor yang menyebabkan peningkatan atau penurunan kinerja karyawan. Dalam meneliti penyebab peningkatan maupun penurunan kinerja karyawan peneliti mengamati pada dua faktor yakni lingkungan kerja dan motivasi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan motivasi terhadap produktivitas kinerja karyawan.Data penelitian di peroleh melalui wawancara serta penyebaran kuesioner kepada 45 karyawan, dan menggunakan metode regresi sederhana dan berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lingkungan kerja dan motivasi secara bersama - sama berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Namun lingkungan kerja dan motivasi secara parsial berpengaruh kecil terhadap kinerja karyawan.

Kata kunci : Motivasi, Lingkungan kerja
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PERSUASIF DALAM AKTIVITAS PEMASARAN (Studi Deskriptif Komunikasi Persuasif Presenter (Staff Pemasaran) dalam Merekrut Calon Mahasiwa baru di Politeknik LP3I Jakarta)
Authors: Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: September 2019

This study is titled Persuasive Communication Strategy Presenter (Staff Marketing) in the Candidate Acceptance of new Students at the Polytechnic LP3I Jakarta. The purposes of research are to investigate the persuasive communication strategies used Presenter (Staff Marketing), Presenter persuasive communication process, and behavioral changes that occur in prospective students. The theory used in the study are: Interpersonal Communication, Persuasive Communication, and AIDA. This study used a qualitative descriptive study and narrated by interpretive. Information obtained through observation and in-depth interviews (in-depth interviews) to Four Presenters Polytechnic LP3I Jakarta have been recruited as an informant. Results from this study is the presenter strategy to convince new students through persuasive communication emotional and personal approach.

Keywords : Persuasive Communication,  Presenter (Staff Marketing), Marketing Pemasaran
A guide to theory and practice of drinking water: PURE-H2O approaches
Authors: Dogan-saglamtimur Neslihan , Ciner Fehiman
Published: September 2019

The quality of drinking water that
is essential for life is a powerful environmental determinant of health.
Engineering works in all fields have been constructed to distribute water from
places of abundance to places in need. All water sources contain suspended and
particulate inorganic/organic substances that must be dispelled during water
treatment process to yield pure water that is fit for drinking and any other
usage. Treatment procedures should be chosen in order to improve water
stability. Many treatment processes (sometimes called unit processes and unit
operations) are linked together to form a treatment plant in order to produce
water of the desired quality. Unit operations, which are physical and chemical
(aeration, adsorption, membrane processes, ion exchange, coagulation and
flocculation, chemical oxidation and water softening) and mechanical
(sedimentation and filtration) should be taken into consideration for producing
clean drinking water. Choosing the suitable treatment process is a critical step
in the procurement of safe, reliable, high quality drinking water at a
cost-effective price for green/sustainable engineering.

As a main part of the EU Project
titled as “Implementation of ECVET for Qualification Design in Drinking Water
Treatment Plants and Sanitation for Pure Drinkable Water-PUREH2O” that includes
environmental planning, training in the field of drinking water, sustainable
development, sound practices not only in the field of drinking water but also
affiliated treatment facilities, this study focuses on selection of the water
source, unit operations for drinking water and choosing water treatment
processes.
La orientación psicopedagógica en la práctica universitaria
Authors: Alfonso Moreira Yaquelín , Valladares González María Guadalupe , Pulido Miguel
Published: September 2019

ResumenLas concepciones para la orientación psicopedagógica deben asumirse como uno de los retos para el perfeccionamiento de la práctica universitaria; con énfasis en el nivel institucional y los colectivos de carrera. La identificación de esta problemática permitió analizar las reflexiones teóricas que configuran la posición metodológica de las acciones que se proponen en el artículo. El resultado de este proceso se viene enriqueciendo de manera gradual a partir de la estrategia institucional de manera que las tareas o actividades descansen en una concepción integral del proceso formativo en íntima relación con las demás áreas de servicio y de dirección. La experiencia desarrollada en los últimos dos semestres en la UMET, permitió establecer el procedimiento que debe regir las acciones educativas para que estas impacten en la práctica universitaria hasta alcanzar el nivel de integración, coherencia y sistematicidad que se precisa   en este tipo de orientación. Las concepciones que se presentan ponderan la responsabilidad en el trabajo metodológico y de vinculación; así como la importancia de especificar la intencionalidad de este proceso en el diseño y desarrollo del currículo.Palabras claves: orientación psicopedagógica, carrera, formación, estrategias, currículoAbstractConceptions for psycho-pedagogical orientation should be assumed as one of the challenges for the improvement of university practice; with emphasis on the institutional level and career groups. The identification of this problem allowed to analyze the theoretical reflections that configure the methodological position of the actions proposed in the article. The result of this process has been gradually enriched from the institutional strategy so that the tasks or activities rest in a comprehensive conception of the training process in intimate relationship with the other areas of service and management. The experience developed in the last two semesters at the UMET, allowed to establish the procedure that should govern the educational actions so that they impact on university practice until reaching the level of integration, coherence and systematicity that is required in this type of orientation. The conceptions that are presented weigh the responsibility in the methodological and linking work; as well as the importance of specifying the intent of this process in the design and development of the curriculum.Keywords: psychopedagogical orientation, career, training, strategies, curriculum
TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN REGIONS IN CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL CONVERGENCE
Authors: Tkach Dmytro , Illiash Iryna
Published: September 2019

The article outlines the main trends in the development of the economy of the traditionally poorly developed agrarian Ternopil region in recent years. Disproportions in the industrial development of the region; the real reasons for the shifts in the region's share in the total product of the country are detected, their connection with the modern socio-economic development of the country and its individual regions are defined. It was determined that the growth of the region's share in
the total product of the country is not accompanied by a proportional increase in the gross regional product, and therefore is not a consequence of progress in the economy of this region, but rather due to the reduction of the role of the occupied territories in the economy of the country. It was found that the progress of recent years is not yet a sign of a stable positive trend in development, as it is ensured by the largely extensive component of the economy - plant growing, and the related
food industry.
It is determined that the ineffectiveness of the structure of the economy of the region is reflected in the foreign trade balance, where the production of electrotechnical production dominates
in exports, represented by only a few companies and products of agriculture. The urgent need to reform the structure of the economy based on a free competitive market has been identified in order to attract foreign investors, which would overcome the long-term depression and agrarian orientation of the economy of the region. The influence of the present level of development of the region on the life of the population is outlined and, therefore, the necessity of overcoming the contemporary contradictions of development is grounded in order to avoid degradation of poverty of the local population, its marginalization. The priority sectors of industry, which should become the basis for the formation of a new socio-economic base of the region, were determined.
COACHING IN THE SYSTEM OF DEVELOPMENT THE COMPETENCES OF HR-MANAGER
Authors: Dyakiv Olga , Khrustalova Yuliia
Published: September 2019

The article states that coaching is a modern personnel-technology that promotes the development of employees’ creative potential, affects the enterprise performance effectively. It was noted that coaching facilitates the development of new key competencies, enables manager to increase the efficiency of his activity along with realization and maximization of his competence. It is revealed that HR-manager must have necessary abilities, talents and competence in order to implement enterprise management strategy in conditions of the knowledge economy. It is established that the use of modern coaching-technologies allows to increase management efficiency along with development of personnel complex system. The stages of enterprise coaching system are
determined and examined. The stages enable to provide appropriate salary and high level of work motivation. Also they facilitate development of professional competences, etc. The authors concluded that coaching helps manager to develop his talent. Coaching also mobilizes internal potential, reveals necessary opportunities and skills, promotes the development of innovative technologies on the enterprise.
Electronic commerce in Ukraine: controversial aspects of legal and regulatory framework
Authors: Zadorozhnyi Zenoviy
Published: September 2019

The subject matter of the research paper is legal and regulatory framework of electronic commerce in Ukraine. The article systematizes the current laws and regulations which govern business activities of e-commerce enterprises and their accounting policies in order to identify areas for further improvement. The methods of systematization and generalization are used in the research for considering a set of regulatory and legal acts applicable to e-commerce enterprises in Ukraine. The study highlights key points for improving legal and regulatory framework related to e-commerce enterprises. Business activities of e-commerce enterprises and principles of accounting basis are viewed as divided into three levels: level 1 – The Constitution of Ukraine and the Codes of Laws; level 2 – The Laws of Ukraine; level 3 – subordinate legislation. An analysis is carried out to determine regulatory and legal acts related to electronic commerce of each of the above-mentioned levels. It is proposed to make amendments and additions to certain regulatory and legal acts with the aim of eliminating obsolete con- cepts and harmonization of legislation. It is proved that one of the key points for improving e-commerce in Ukraine is bringing the national legislation related to electronic commerce into compliance with EU laws and international standards.
Problems and Prospects of Energy Complex Development in the Russian Arctic Zone
Authors: Skotarenko O. V. , Babenkov V. I. , Nikitin Yu. A. , Kutepova M. V.
Published: September 2019

The presented study examines the speciﬁc aspects of operation of energy enterprises in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.

Aim. The study aims to identify the current problems in the operation of energy enterprises in the Arctic territories by analyzing their state and development and thus to substantiate the selection of perspective directions for improving the efﬁciency of their management.

Tasks. The authors show the role and importance of energy supply for the functioning of the socioeconomic system of the Arctic territories, analyze the major performance indicators of energy enterprises, and substantiate recommendations on improving the organization of their activities.

Methods. This study uses the methodology of economic analysis, trend analysis, structural analysis, and speciﬁc methods of regional economic analysis.

Results. One of the crucial current problems in the development of the energy complex in the Russian Arctic zone is the high level of debt in the accounts, which leads to an imbalance in the current activities of energy enterprises. Furthermore, formation of electricity tariffs depends on the money paid for the generation and transportation of electricity and the services of distribution companies. This is due to the lack of continuous monitoring of the state of accounts and the lack of a legal framework for settling differences between network and energy supply companies, which are not given sufﬁcient attention in economic studies.

Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the authors propose the major directions for improving regulation of the development and operation of energy enterprises in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
Poverty Assessment as a Social Criterion of Economic Security of Russian Regions and EАEU Countries
Authors: Tsvetkov V. A. , Kobilzhon Kh. Z. , Konstantinas S. Ya. , Kobil Sh.
Published: September 2019

The presented study examines methodological approaches to poverty assessment as a social indicator of economic security of Russian regions and countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).

Aim. The study aims to analyze the level of poverty in Russian regions, including in relation to the dynamics of inequality indicators.

Tasks. The authors address the problems of developing a comprehensive approach to poverty assessment in Russia with a view to further develop public policy measures that would allow for a radical reduction in poverty and analyze the dynamics of the poverty level indicator in the EAEU countries, determining the distinctive features of this phenomenon in the countries that are most economically integrated with Russia.

Methods. This study uses the methods of systems analysis, econometric analysis, evolutionary-institutional theory, and historical approach.

Results. Analysis of the absolute poverty indicator in regions shows a signiﬁcant disparity between regions in terms of the proportion of citizens with incomes below the absolute poverty line. In all EAEU countries, the level of poverty decreased over the past 12 years, but the dynamics of this indicator is diverging.

Conclusions. It is not uncommon for the regions of the Russian Federation with lower absolute poverty to have a higher Gini coefﬁcient. EAEU countries use different methods for calculating the poverty level. Looking ahead, it seems appropriate to standardize the methodology for calculating poverty levels in EAEU countries, introduce a uniform standard for calculating this indicator, and develop joint comprehensive measures aimed at reducing poverty in EAEU member states.
The Current State and Development Prospects of Self-Regulation in the Russian Construction Industry
Authors: Belova N. E. , Vorona-Slivinskaya L. G. , Voskresenskaya E. V.
Published: September 2019

The presented study aims to examine the current state and development prospects of self-regulation in the Russian construction industry.

Aim. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state and development prospects of self-regulation as an institution of public administration, identify the problems of self-regulation in the construction industry, and formulate proposals on solving the identiﬁed problems.

Tasks. The authors complete the following tasks to achieve the set aim: examine the regulatory framework of the activities of self-regulatory organizations in the construction industry — construction, design, and engineering surveying; analyze the current state and positive trends of self-regulation in the ﬁeld of construction; identify problems in the activities of self-regulatory organizations in the construction industry — construction, design, and engineering surveying — and development prospects of the examined alternative to government regulation.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study comprises the fundamental provisions of the modern economic theory, theories of public and municipal administration and legal sciences. The information base includes regulatory and legal acts of the Russian Federation on self-regulation in the construction industry, data from the State Register of Self-Regulatory Organizations, and statistics in the ﬁeld of construction.

Results. At the current stage of development of self-regulation in the construction industry, the most efﬁcient mechanism for this institution involves guaranteed compensation for damage caused due to shortcomings in the works and services during construction, renovation, capital repairs of construction objects, engineering surveying, design. The victims should be compensated not out of insurance payments under civil insurance contracts, but rather out of the compensation funds of self-regulatory organizations.

Conclusion. This study makes it possible to assess the institution of self-regulation in the construction industry — construction, design, and engineering surveying — as an efﬁcient institution for proper protection of the interests of consumers of construction works and services and those of the government.
The Methodology for Developing an Innovation Based on Co-Creation and Co-Production
Authors: Molchanov N. N. , Rybakova Yu. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. The presented study aims to improve the quality function deployment methodology in innovation development with allowance for the principles of the value co-creation methodology.

Tasks. The authors analyze the essence of the value co-creation concept in innovation development, examine the quality function deployment (QFD) methodology as a basic tool for the development of competitive incremental innovations, and propose their own revised methodology that combines the elements of co-creation and co-production on the part of the consumer.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study comprises the scientific concepts of economic theory and innovation theory. This study also uses such general scientific methods as systems and complex approach, economic and statistical analysis to substantiate theoretical assumptions and rationalize the conclusions.

Results. The authors recommend using a digital double of the developed innovation (product or technology) during quality function deployment. The usefulness of the digital double is confirmed by an example from one of the authors’ practice. During the development of the so-called technical benchmarking rooms for an innovation, the authors propose calculating competitiveness based on a customer satisfaction index (CSI). The classical quality function deployment methodology makes it possible to assess the superiority/lag of the developed innovation compared with the existing prototypes along a number of parameters. Calculation of the CSI indicator makes it possible to assess the developed innovation in terms of its conformity with the customer’s ideal, and give an indication of its overall superiority/lag in comparison with the existing prototypes. The authors propose a modification of the organizational structure, which is supposed to be engaged in the development of a competitive innovation based on the value co-creation methodology. In addition to the roles of developer, financial analyst, and marketer, a representative of the customer (buyer of innovation) is introduced into the group. Representatives of suppliers with long-term contracts are planned to be involved in the group’s work. As a whole, this type of organizational structure results in a significant synergistic effect of cooperation within the “supplier — manufacturer/developer — end consumer” system.

Conclusions. This study proposes a modification of the quality function deployment methodology with allowance for additional customer preferences as well as production and service functions that the customer is ready to take on.