Karakteristik Fisik Kemasan Bioplastik dari Pati Singkong dan Karagenan dengan Variasi Durasi Gelatinisasi dan Jenis Plasticizer
Authors: Dewi Komang Sri Diah Nirmala , Yulianti Ni Luh , Setiyo Yohanes 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak

Karakteristik fisik kemasan bioplastik dapat dipengaruhi oleh variasi durasi gelatinisasi dan jenis plasticizer. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pengaruh variasi durasi gelatinisasi dan jenis plasticizer terhadap karakteristik fisik film kemasan bioplastik serta mendapatkan perlakuan yang menghasilkan karakteristik fisik kemasan paling baik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan faktor pertama perlakuan yaitu, durasi gelatinisasi (D) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf durasi: 3 menit, 5 menit, dan 7 menit, dan faktor kedua yaitu, jenis plasticizer (P) yang terdiri dari 3 jenis: 2 g minyak jarak, 0,5 g asam stearat dan 1,5 g gliserol dengan tiga kali pengulangan sehingga menghasilkan 27 unit percobaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dan apabila perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap parameter yang diamati maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan variasi durasi gelatinisasi dan jenis plasticizer film kemasan bioplastik berpengaruh nyata pada nilai kuat tarik, perpanjangan saat putus, elastisitas, penyerapan air dan ketebalan film kemasan bioplastik. Perlakuan durasi gelatinisasi selama 7 menit dan jenis plasticizer asam stearat menghasilkan film.kemasan bioplastik dengan karakteristik terbaik yaitu nilai kuat tarik sebesar 18,28 MPa, perpanjangan saat putus.7,34%, elastisitas 255,52 MPa, penyerapan air 0,80%, dan ketebalan 0,25 mm.

Abstract

The physical characteristics of bioplastic packaging can be influenced by variations in the duration of gelatinization and the type of plasticizer. This research was conducted to obtain the effect of variations in the duration of gelatinization and the type of plasticizer on the physical characteristics of bioplastic packaging films and to obtain the treatment that produces the best physical characteristics of the packaging. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with the first factor being the treatment, namely, the duration of gelatinization (D) which consisted of 3 levels of duration: 3 minutes, 5 minutes, and 7 minutes, and the second factor was the type of plasticizer (P) consisting of 3 types: 2 g of castor oil, 0.5 g of stearic acid and 1.5 g of glycerol with three repetitions resulting in 27 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed using variance and if the treatment had an effect on the observed parameters, it was continued with Duncan's test. The results showed that the variation in the duration of gelatinization and the type of plasticizer of the bioplastic packaging film had a significant effect on the value of tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity, water absorption, on and thickness of the bioplastic packaging film. The treatment of gelatinization duration of 7 minutes and the type of stearic acid plasticizer produced a bioplastic packaging film with the best characteristics, namely the tensile strength value of 18.28 MPa, elongation at break 7.34%, elasticity 255.52 MPa, water absorption 0.8%, and a thickness of 0.25 mm.