bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ABOT: An Open-Source Online Benchmarking Tool for Machine Learning-based Artefact Detection and Removal Methods from Neuronal Signals
Authors: Fabietti Marcos , Mahmud Mufti , Lotfi Ahmad , Kaiser M Shamim
Published: April 2022

Brain signals are recorded using different techniques to aid an accurate understanding of brain function and to treat its disorders. Untargeted internal and external sources contaminate the acquired signals during the recording process. Often termed as artefacts, these contaminations cause serious hindrances in decoding the recorded signals; hence, they must be removed to facilitate unbiased decision making for a given investigation. Due to the complex and elusive manifestation of artefacts in neuronal signals, computational techniques serve as powerful tools for their detection and removal. Machine learning (ML) based methods have been successfully applied in this task. Due to ML's popularity, many articles are published every year, making it challenging to find, compare and select the most appropriate method for a given experiment. To this end, this paper presents ABOT (Artefact removal Benchmarking Online Tool) as an online benchmarking tool which allows users to compare existing ML-driven artefact detection and removal methods from the literature. The characteristics and related information about the existing methods have been compiled as a knowledgebase (KB) and presented through a user-friendly interface with interactive plots and tables for users to search it using several criteria. Key characteristics extracted from over 120 articles from the literature have been used in the KB to help compare the specific ML models. To comply with the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principle, the source code and documentation of the toolbox have been made available via an open-access repository.
Diagnostic yield of TOF-MRA for detecting incidental vascular lesions in patients with cognitive impairment: observational cohort study
Authors: Park Ho Young , Suh Chong Hyun , Shim Woo Hyun , Heo Hwon , Kim Woo Seok , Lim Jae-Sung , Lee Jae-Hong , Kim Ho Sung , Kim Sang Joon
Published: April 2022

We investigated the diagnostic yield of three-dimensional (3D) TOF-MRA for detecting incidental extra- or intracranial artery stenosis and intracranial aneurysm in patients with cognitive impairment. This retrospective study included 1753 patients (mean age, 70.2 ± 10.6 years; 1044 women) with cognitive impairment undergoing our brain MRI protocol from January 2013 to February 2020. In total, 199 intracranial aneurysms were detected among 162 patients (9.2%, 162/1753). 3D TOF-MRA revealed significant artery stenoses (> 50% stenosis) in 162 patients (9.2%, 162/1753). The overall diagnostic yield of TOF-MRA was 16.8% (294/1753). Fifteen patients (aneurysm: 11 patients, stenosis: 4 patients) (5.1%, 15/294) were further treated with endovascular intervention or surgery. Thus, the "number needed to scan" was 116 for identifying one patient requiring vascular intervention. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female (odds ratio [OR] 2.05) and old age (OR 1.04) were independent risk factors for intracranial aneurysm; being male (OR 1.52), old age (OR 1.06), hypertension (OR 1.78), and ischemic heart disease history (OR 2.65) were independent risk factors for significant artery stenosis. Despite the high diagnostic yield of 16.8% for detecting vascular lesions, the additional benefit of the 3D TOF-MRA was questionable given that only a minority of the patients needed further treatment.
Predicting the Occurrence of a Data Breach
Authors: Barati Mehdi
Published: April 2022

The problem of data breach incidents in the United States has been attracting the attention of researchers and practitioners recently. Commercial entities and government agencies who obtain and process personal information face the risks of the breach of personal information and consequently legal, reputational, and financial damages. The risk management approach to information security is common to manage and mitigate those risks. This paper aims to estimate the probability of the occurrence and size of data breach incidents for government and commercial entities by devising a predictive model with historical data as its input. We used a dataset of all reported data breaches in the US collected and published by Privacy Rights Clearinghouse (PRC). The results show that the trend of a data breach has not been increasing despite all the attention and warnings. The distribution of data breach occurrence follows the Poisson and Negative Binomial distributions closely. Both models proved promising and can predict data breach incidents with low deviance from actual numbers.
Atropine can induce autophagy independent of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Authors: Liu Xin , chen hong , Yi Na-na , Yu Tian-fei , Yin Hai-chang
Published: April 2022

Atropine is a well-known muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAchR) antagonist; it has been used widely in medicine in that role. Autophagy plays an important role in many physiological processes. In this study, human renal epithelium (293T) cells were treated with different physiological regulators. It was found that atropine could significantly induce the conversion of autophagy marker protein microtubule-associated protein light chain (LC3) I to LC3II. In addition, atropine induced autophagosome levels in a dose-dependent manner within a certain concentration range. In cells treated with atropine, GFP-LC3 proteins accumulated as green foci, while GFP-LC3 had a diffuse distribution in mock control cells, further demonstrating atropine-induced autophagy in 293T cells. In atropine-treated mouse skeletal muscle (C2C12) cells containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and rat cardiac muscle (H9c2) cells containing mAchR, it was found that atropine induced autophagy in C2C12 cells but not in H9c2 cells. Atropine did not induce autophagy in tissue cells containing mAchR in vivo but did in tissue cells not containing mAchR. Therefore, atropine can induce autophagy by binding to other unknown receptors.
Comparative study of the effect of left ventricular pacing versus right ventricular pacing on left ventricular function
Authors: Rafla Samir , Moustafa Nawar , Elkholy Doaa , Kholief Abdelfatah , Ayman Mohamad , Aboulenein Fatma
Published: April 2022

Background: Pacing from the apex of the RV is not considered optimal. This work aimed to assess and compare RV and LV pacing concerning LV function and dyssynchrony.Thirty-six patients who presented with indications for pacemakers were divided into three groups: 12 had LV pacing; 12 had RV pacing group. 12 had Dual-chamber pacing. Control group: Twelve healthy subjects were included in this study.Results: RV pacing group: During the post-implantation period, the distance of the 6-MWT ranged from 329 to 705 m with a median of 493.5 m; at three and six months, it ranged from 423 to 705 m with a median of 540.5 m, P= 0.006. The COP during the preimplantation period and at the six-month follow-up (P= 0.003). The t-IVT (Total isovolumic time) variables at the pre-and post-implantation periods at six months (P= 0.005). LV pacing group: The comparison of the 6-MWT distance and the QOL score in the post-implantation period and at six months revealed a highly significant difference in the median values. A highly significant difference between the median values of the mean PAP, COP, MPI, t-IVT, and Z ratio was found during the pre-and post-implantation periods (P= 0.000).Conclusions: 1. RVP seems to have less detrimental effects on LV synchrony and LV function. For those patients indicated for conventional pacemaker indications with normal or mildly impaired LV function with EF > 35%, RVA (right ventricular apical) pacing is still the gold standard pacing site.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease among Patients Admitted to Medical Ward in a Tertiary Hospital, Northern Ethiopia, a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Weldetensae Meskelu Kidu , Weldegebreial Migbnesh Geberemedhin , Gebreselassie Measho , Berhe Ephrem
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease is being recognized as a global public health problem. It is a major non-communicable disease with the global prevalence varying between 10.5% and 13.1%. Diabetes and hypertension appear to be the leading causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and its associated factors of chronic kidney disease among patients admitted to medical ward in a tertiary hospital, Northern Ethiopia.Methodology: An institution based cross-sectional study was undertaken using systematic random sampling technique to select study participants from October 20, 2017 to March 20, 2018 G.C. Data from 450 patients was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire designed to meet the study objective. After describing variables, logistic regression was conducted to identify independent associated factors of chronic kidney disease. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05.Result: Of the 450 patients, 260 (57.8%) were males and more than half (54.2%) were between ages of 25 to 40 years. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease among patients admitted to medical ward was 17.3% (95% CI 13 - 29.9) and 14.4% (95 % CI 6.2 - 12.3) by Cockcroft Gault and MDRD equations, respectively and majority (61.5%) of them were stage 5. Hypertension (AOR = 7.8 95% CI 4.1, 14.9), history of recurrent urinary tract infection (AOR = 3.5 95% CI 1.1, 7.3) and history of using nephrotoxic drugs (AOR = 3.4 95% CI 2, 9.3) were significantly associated with chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease among adult patients admitted to medical ward in tertiary hospital, Northern Ethiopia was high and majority of patients were stage 5. Hypertension, use of nephrotoxic agents and recurrent urinary tract infections were significantly associated. Knowing these risk factors will be very important for early detection of kidney disease and slowing progression. Since once end stage renal disease established, treatments are expensive, lifelong, resource intensive and scarce, especially in our country.
Probiotic evaluation of a craft wheat beer fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 to treat Salmonella Typhimurium infection in mice
Authors: Oliveira Samantha R. M. , Campos Lara L. , Amaral Maisa N. S. , Galotti Bruno , Ricci Mayra F. , Vital Katia D. , Souza Ramon O. , Uetanabaro Ana Paula T. , Junqueira Mateus S. , Silva Andreia M. , Fernandes Simone O. A. , Cardoso Valbert N. , Nicoli Jacques R. , Martins Flaviano S.
Published: April 2022

Functional foods containing probiotics are generally administered as dairy products. Non-dairy beverages are another possibility, but probiotic functionality must be confirmed in such vehicles. In the present study, a craft wheat beer brewed with the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 (905) was evaluated in a murine model of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) infection. Unfiltered or filtered beer brewed with 905, a commercial wheat beer used as a negative control, or saline were administered orally to mice before and during oral ST challenge. High fecal levels of yeast were only counted in mice treated with the unfiltered 905 beer, which also had reduced mortality and body weight loss due to ST infection. Increased levels of intestinal IgA, translocation to liver and spleen, liver and intestinal lesions, pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver and ileum, and hepatic and intestinal myeloperoxidase and eosinophilic peroxidase activities were observed in animals infected with ST. All these parameters were reduced by the treatment with unfiltered 905 beer. In conclusion, the results show that a craft wheat beer brewed with S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 maintained the probiotic properties of this yeast when administered orally to mice challenged with S. Typhimurium.
L. reuteri FLRE5K1 inhibits the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via activating the IFN-γ/CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Nan , Ye Shuiwen , Wang XinLu , Wang Kang , Zhong Fangmin , Yao Fangyi , Xu Yanmei , Yang Yulin , Lin Jin , Huang Bo , Xu Feng , Wang Xiaozhong
Published: April 2022

Symbiotic bacteria participate in the formation of the structure and function of the tissues and organs in which they live, and play an essential role in maintaining the balance between health and disease. L. reuteri FLRE5K1 was isolated from the liver of healthy mice by our group and proved to be a probiotic with anti-melanoma activity in previous studies. The relationship between hepatic symbiotic probiotics and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported yet. In the present study, L. reuteri FLRE5K1 was initially confirmed to successfully enter the liver after being administered by gavage, and the efficacy of probiotic feeding on HCC and its potential mechanism of inhibiting tumor progression were investigated by an orthotopic liver cancer model established. The results showed that L. reuteri FLRE5K1 significantly reduced the tumor formation rate and inhibited tumor growth. From the perspective of mechanism, activation of the IFN-γ/CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway as well as its positive feedback on the secretion of IFN-γ, induced the polarization of Th0 cell to Th1 cell and inhibited the differentiation of Treg cell, which played a key role in the inhibitory effect of L. reuteri FLRE5K1 on the development and progression of HCC.
Based on Deep Eutectic Solvents Combined with Gas Chromatography Determination of γ-nonolactone in Coconut Juice
Authors: Gao Yuling , Zhang Xiaolin , Guo Yongxia
Published: April 2022

Determination of γ-nonolactone in coconut juice by deep eutectic solvents (DES) combined with gas chromatography was developed. Acetonitrile added deep eutectic solvents was used to extract γ-nonolactone from coconut juice with ultrasonic assist. The effects of different proportions of DES on the extraction efficiency of γ-nonolactone in coconut juice were investigated. The results showed that the extraction efficiency of γ-nonolactone in coconut juice with acetonitrile solution added with deep eutectic solvents was the highest, and the samples could be directly injected through membrane after high-speed refrigerated centrifugation. γ-nonolactone has a good linear relationship in the range of 0.1 ~ 20.0 µg/mL, the detection limit of the method is 0.2 mg/kg, the limit of quantification is 0.5 mg/kg, and the addition level is 0.2, 0.5, 10.0 mg/kg recovery the range is 81.5 ~ 105.0%,and the relative standard deviation (n = 6) is in the range of 0.6 ~ 5.8%. The method is simple to operate, has high sensitivity, and good precision. It can provide a reference for the analysis and detection of whether coconut water is added with γ-nonolactone .
A Unique Case of Rectal Cancer with Coexistence of Multiple Pathways of Carcinogenesis
Authors: Rateria Nisha , Ojha Ritu , Shukla Mridula , Pandey Manoj
Published: April 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer with a global incidence of 10% has multiple pathways implicated in its carcinogenesis. WNT signalling is the principal underlying pathway via APC gene, while defective mismatch repair genes and epigenetic changes also have proven contribution. Case presentation: Here we present an unusual case of rectal adenocarcinoma in a 66 year old woman, with germline MSH6 and PMS1 mutations, and also simultaneous somatic APC and TP53 mutations. Conclusions: The case is unique suggesting a possible interaction between the two pathways and contributing to carcinogenesis in this patient. This also suggests need for a thorough germline and somatic mutation evaluation in colorectal cancers.
Evaluation of the 5-HT2C receptor drugs RO 60-0175, WAY 161503 and mirtazepine in a preclinical model of comorbidity of cocaine addiction and depression
Authors: Jastrzębska Joanna , Frankowska Małgorzata , Smaga Irena , Hubalewska-Mazgaj Magdalena , Suder Agata , Pieniążek Renata , Przegaliński Edmund , Filip Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Epidemiological data indicate a high rate of comorbidity of depression and cocaine use disorder (CUD). The role of 5-HT2C receptors in the mechanisms responsible for the coexistence of CUD and depression has not been investigated. Here, we combined bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX), an animal model of depression, with intravenous cocaine self-administration and extinction/reinstatement in male rats to investigate two 5-HT2C receptor agonists (Ro 60–0175 (RO) and WAY 161503 (WAY)) and the 5-HT2C-receptor preferring antagonist mirtazapine (MIR; an antidepressant), with the goal of determining whether these drugs alter cocaine-induced reinforcement and seeking behaviors. Additionally, neurochemical analyses following cocaine self-administration and its abstinence period in the brain structures in OBX rats and SHAM-operated controls were performed.Acute administration of RO reduced, while WAY non-significantly attenuated cocaine reinforcement in OBX and SHAM rats. Moreover, RO or WAY protected against cocaine-seeking behavior after acute repeated drug administration during extinction training in OBX and SHAM rats. By contrast, acutely administered MIR did not alter cocaine reinforcement in both rat phenotypes, while acute (but not repeated) pretreatment reduced cocaine seeking in OBX and SHAM rats. In neurochemical analyses, cocaine reinforcement increased 5-HT2C receptor levels in the ventral hippocampus; this effect was enhanced by preexisting depression. The 10-daily cocaine abstinence from self-administration reduced 5-HT2C receptor expression in the dorsolateral striatum but coexistence of depression and CUD enhanced local receptor expression. The present study is an extra recommendation to support current development of pharmacological strategies with drugs targeting the 5-HT2C receptor for the treatment of comorbid depression and CUD.
Transcatheter angiographic embolization of percutaneous nephrolithotomy-related bleeding: A single-center experience
Authors: Xiao Fan , Xun Yang , Hu Weijie , Xia Qidong , Zhang Jiaqiao
Published: April 2022

Background: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and angiographic features of transcatheter angiographic embolization (TAE) in patients with active bleeding after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Methods: Between 2009 and 2018, 45 patients who underwent TAE for hemorrhage control after PCNL were reviewed retrospectively. Patient clinical characteristics and angiographic features of TAE were analyzed.Results: Of the 3148 patients, 45 (1.4%) patients were treated with TAE after PCNL. The interval from the bleeding episode to TAE was 3 days (1,6). Arterial laceration, arteriovenous fistula, and negative angiographic finding was found in 28 (62.2%), 7 (15.6%), and 10 patients (22.2%). Thirty-five patients (92.1%) achieved primary clinical success. The median corrected hemoglobin decrease from bleeding episode to TAE was 52 g/L (25.25, 71.00). The median corrected hemoglobin decrease rate from bleeding episode to TAE was 13.11 g/L·d (5.60, 26.12). The hemoglobin decrease from bleeding episode to TAE was lesser in negative angiographic patients (28.50 (10.75,51.25) g/L VS 53.7 (35.0,73.13) g/L) than in positive angiographic patients (P<0.05).Conclusions: TAE is a safe and effective treatment for post-PCNL bleeding patients. Previous kidney surgery is associated with a higher risk of TAE. Patients with bleeding from multiple negative angiographic findings can be considered for prophylactic embolization.
DETERMINANTS OF ISLAMIC BANKING ACCEPTANCE AS A SINGLE BANKING SYSTEM IN ACEH
Authors: Mirzal Husnul
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan terhadap implementasi perbankan syariah sebagai sistem tunggal perbankan di Provinsi Aceh, Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan dari 169 responden dengan metode penyebaran kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap konsumen, kesiapan untuk mentaati hukum Islam, Persepsi terhadap Manfaat Perbankan Syariah dan Persepsi terhadap Inovasi Perbankan Syariah merupakan faktor-faktor determinan yang mempengaruhi niat menggunakan bank syariah yang merupakan salah satu indikator penerimaan Perbankan Syariah sebagai sistem tunggal perbankan di Aceh. Sedangkan pengetahuan tentang Perbankan Syariah tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan bermanfaat kepada pemerintah,  stakeholder perbankan syariah dan regulator perbankan syariah dalam menyusun kebijakan perbankan syariah sebagai sistem tunggal perbankan di Aceh, Indonesia. Selanjutnya penelitian ini diharapkan bermanfaat dalam menambah literatur akademik bidang ekonomi dan keuangan Islam.

Abstract: This study investigates the factors affecting Islamic banking acceptance as a single banking system in Aceh, Indonesia. It used primary data collected from 169 respondents using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Empirical data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The study results show that consumer attitude, readiness to comply with Islamic law, perceived benefit of Islamic Banking, and perceived innovativeness of Islamic Banking were critical determinants of intention to use Islamic Banking as the single banking system in Aceh, Indonesia. The least influential factor was knowledge of Islamic Banking. This study's results are expected to help the government, banking and financial stakeholders, and policymakers to plan appropriate policy in implementing Islamic Banking as a single banking system in Aceh, Indonesia. Furthermore, the study will contribute to existing academic literature, especially in Islamic Banking.
Sex Slavery under Domestic and Colonial Patriarchy in Nora Okja Keller’s Comfort Woman
Authors:   Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham, Thailand, Praphan Kittiphong
Published: April 2022

Sex slavery operated through the comfort women system during World War II has been a historical shame and an inconvenient truth for both the Japanese and the Korean. This study, through Nora Okja Keller’s Comfort Woman, investigates the life of a Korean character forced to become a comfort woman, arguing that domestic patriarchy and colonial patriarchy are the main institutions which transform her into a sex slave. A representation of Korean comfort women, she is exploited by the patriarchal oppression in her family and the Japanese colonial patriarchy. Her body is transformed into a commodity to sustain her family and offer comfort and pleasure to Japanese soldiers. Despite her liberation, she becomes a traumatised subject whose painful memories keep haunting her even when she relocates to the United States. Patriarchal violence in the form of sex slavery has destroyed her life and left a detrimental legacy preventing her from rebuilding a new successful life. The traumatic past causes this character and her daughter to be seen as weird Asians who are “double-othered” in the United States, a new world where they are unable to recover from profound trauma in spite of their new identity as Korean American.
Reordenação do status da cachaça de alambique: uma abordagem sob a ótica do trabalho institucional
Authors: Calbino Daniel , Brito Mozar José de , Brito Valéria Da Glória Pereira
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo se propôs a investigar como ocorreram as práticas institucionais que reordenaram o status da cachaça artesanal de alambique no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Por meio de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, recorreu-se a dados de quatro décadas (1982-2020) no ramo da cachaça mineira. Neste estudo de caso, as informações foram coletadas por meio de pesquisas documentais e entrevistas que foram particularizadas pela análise temática. A partir da articulação de um grupo heterogêneo de atores foi possível registrar como a dinâmica do status foi mudando ao longo do tempo. As práticas exercidas requereram dos atores não apenas esforços pessoais nas rotinas do campo, mas o envolvimento em ações mais amplas, como as mudanças nos níveis político, técnico e cultural. Evidenciou-se que o trabalho institucional realizado por atores do ramo da cachaça modificou o status da bebida por meio do deslocamento de uma posição de baixo prestígio social para se tornar uma referência na qualidade do destilado tanto nacional como internacional. Em conclusão, o estudo proveu um suporte teórico que auxilia na explicação de como as mudanças de status podem ocorrer nas dinâmicas de mercados, além de fornecer elementos que evidenciam a reordenação do status em nível macro organizacional.
Relações de gênero e gueto profissional: estudo com mulheres motoristas de aplicativos de mobilidade urbana
Authors: Goulart Ana Maria Mendes , Melo Marlene Catarina de Oliveira Lopes , Versiani Fernanda
Published: April 2022

Levando em consideração o contexto da economia compartilhada, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender como as mulheres motoristas de aplicativos de mobilidade urbana percebem as relações de gênero nesta atividade profissional reconhecida como o “tipo de trabalho para homem”. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo, do tipo descritivo, em que foi realizado um estudo de caso com mulheres motoristas de aplicativos de mobilidade urbana. Foram realizadas onze entrevistas semiestruturadas por meio da técnica “bola de neve”. Os resultados indicam que o trabalho de motorista de aplicativo não é visto como pertencente a um gueto profissional, mas constata-se que a predominância masculina na atividade sugere o contrário. Ficou em evidência o reflexo social e cultural no discurso das entrevistadas para o entendimento da construção dos significados na relação de gênero enquanto relação primária de poder. Observou-se também que o contexto da economia compartilhada pode favorecer a maior participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho, principalmente naquelas atividades tidas como pertencentes aos guetos profissionais masculinos. Entretanto, para isso, é necessário discutir mais sobre o assunto, visto que a complexidade da falta de mulheres em determinados tipos de trabalho se dá pela exclusão subjetiva do sistema patriarcal.
A uberização como ruptura da dependência da trajetória: o caso das empresas de táxi
Authors: Miranda Júnior Newton Da Silva , Quatrin Denise Rossato , Hoffmann Valmir Emil
Published: April 2022

A competitividade trazida pelas empresas de aplicativos, tais como a Uber, para o mercado de transporte individual, é frequentemente enfatizada. No entanto, uma pergunta importante segue sem resposta: quais as estratégias implementadas pelas empresas de táxi, em termos de melhorias e inovações, para se manterem competitivas no mercado? O presente estudo buscou responder essa pergunta ao identificar como a uberização causa a ruptura na dependência de trajetória das empresas de táxis, segundo preceitos da Teoria da Dependência da Trajetória e de Estratégia Competitiva. Nesse sentido, a presente investigação é um estudo de caso que aborda o Distrito Federal, um dos pioneiros da uberização no Brasil. Para tanto, dados qualitativos secundários foram coletados via pesquisa documental em jornais locais de grande circulação. Aplicou-se a Análise de Conteúdo e a Análise Processual de Dados nas 178 reportagens coletadas, as quais englobaram o período de 2008 a 2017. Os resultados sugerem que, antes da entrada das empresas por aplicativos, as empresas de táxis implementavam inovações de sustentação voltadas para si mesmas. Após a uberização, os táxis passaram a adotar inovações disruptivas voltadas para os passageiros, rompendo a dependência de trajetória vigente até então.
Simultaneous GC-NCI-MS Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Current-Use Pesticides in Breast Milk Samples
Authors: Viera Mariela , Ferronato Giovana , Abreu Herliana , Prestes Osmar , Adaime Martha , Zanella Renato
Published: April 2022

To preserve human health, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and current-use pesticides (CUPs) should be monitored in fatty tissues, including breast milk. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize sample preparation conditions using a 32 factorial design for the determination of POPs and CUPs by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with negative chemical ionization (GC-NCI-MS). The method was validated for 57 POP and CUP compounds using hexane:acetone for extraction and clean-up by dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) with Florisil®. The matrix effect was compensated by extracted analytical calibration. Method validation showed satisfactory results with limits of detection of 3 to 13 ng g-1 of fat. The method presented adequate accuracy (recoveries from 72 to 117%) and precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 18%) and was applied to breast milk samples from Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil, wherein all samples contained at least one compound. With principal component analysis, it was possible to associate the pesticides detected with the city of origin of the samples and the number of pregnancies of nursing mothers. Additionally, the analytical method was effective for the determination of trace levels of POPs and CUPs in breast milk and can be applied in biomonitoring studies.
Perspectivas estudiantiles para la recuperación de la actividad económica después de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Validación de un instrumento
Authors: Magaña Medina Deneb Elí , Aguilar Morales Norma
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue la validación psicométrica de una escala de elaboración propia para la medición de las perspectivas de estudiantes de pregrado sobre las competencias, los requerimientos de capacitación, la infraestructura y el capital humano que requiere el estado de Tabasco, México, para la recuperación de la actividad económica pos-COVID-19. Los datos se recopilaron en línea de forma anónima, y cada participante brindó su consentimiento informado al comenzar el cuestionario. Se seleccionó una submuestra de 368 estudiantes. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), mediante el método de extracción de factores por máxima verosimilitud con rotación Oblimin directo, reportando cargas factoriales superiores a 0.5, cumpliéndose así los criterios mínimos para mantener todos los ítems. Para validar el modelo teórico se realizó un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) que permitió demostrar la validez de la estructura previamente obtenida. Se calcularon los indicadores de ajuste del modelo (SRMR, AGFI, RMSEA, TLI, y CFI), para los cuales se obtuvieron valores satisfactorios. El modelo de medida confirma la estructura teórica a través de los principales indicadores de ajuste, tanto del análisis factorial exploratorio como del confirmatorio. Los resultados presentan una contribución al estudio del proceso de rehabilitación de las actividades económicas posteriores a la pandemia de la COVID-19. Desde una perspectiva metodológica, brinda una herramienta de diagnóstico sólida y confiable para el desarrollo de programas de recuperación económica regional.
An investigation on effect of variation of mass flow rate and number of collectors on yearly efficiency of single slope solar still by incorporating N similar photovoltaic thermal flat plate collectors
Authors: Singh Vivek , Kumar Rakesh , Sharma R. K. , Singh Surya Prakash , Sinhmar Harender , Singh Desh Bandhu
Published: April 2022

The effect of variation of mass flow rate and number of collectors (N) on the yearly efficiency of a single slope solar still by incorporating series connected N similar photovoltaic thermal flat plate collectors (NPVTFPCSS) has been investigated, keeping a constant water depth in basin as 0.14 m. The various parameters have been calculated, taking into account all four types of weather conditions for New Delhi using computing code developed in MATLAB-2015a. All equations and required data have been fed to the computing code for evaluating different relevant parameters. It has been concluded that the value of all types of annual efficiencies, except annual electrical efficiency, diminishes with increase in the value of at a selected value of N until = 0.10 kg/s and then becomes almost constant. Optimal values of N from annual overall exergy efficiency and annual overall thermal efficiency viewpoints have been found as four and ten respectively.
Simulations of the climate change and its effect on water resources in the Palma River basin, Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro C. L. C. , Diotto A. V. , Thebaldi M. S. , Rodrigues J. A. M. , Viola M. R.
Published: April 2022

Anthropic and natural factors can affect the water availability in a basin, making necessary the use of tools that allow the simulation of future scenarios. Considering that future climate change can affect water resources, the objective of this study was to evaluate the sustainability of the Palma River basin, located in the Tocantins state, Brazil, throughout the century, under scenarios of climate change and increase in irrigated area. Future runoff was simulated using the SWAT model, considering the Eta/HadGEM2-ES and Eta/MIROC5 climate models and the RCPs 4.5 and 8.5 emission scenarios. The crop irrigation requirement was simulated using the AquaCrop model. A model was created in STELLA software, where the water supply and demand data in the basin were entered, and the sustainability index (SI) was calculated, whose results were statistically analyzed through trend and correlation tests. HadGEM 8.5 was the most unsustainable scenario. MIROC 4.5 and MIROC 8.5 scenarios showed higher growth of unsustainable months over time. A trend of decreasing SI and increasing unsustainable months was observed in most scenarios. The results found can assist in the decision-making of water resource managers, to promote the mitigation of climate change effects in the basin.
Disposición al Cambio en Establecimientos Educacionales de una Comuna de la Zona Central de Chile: La Mirada de Directivos y Profesores
Authors: Salazar-Botello Carlos Mauricio , Muñoz-Jara Yohana , Viancos-González Patricio , Parra-Ulloa Patricia , Rojas-Carrasco Robinson
Published: April 2022

El sistema educacional en Chile está pasando por distintos procesos de cambios, los cuales de una u otra manera están afectando a los diversos actores insertos en la comunidad educativa. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la disposición al cambio de los profesores y directivos de establecimientos municipales y particulares subvencionados de la comuna de San Pedro de la Paz, Chile, para afrontar los diferentes procesos de cambio. Corresponde a una investigación descriptiva en que se encuestaron a 128 profesores de 7 establecimientos educacionales diferentes, a los cuales se les administró un cuestionario con escala tipo Likert de los autores Lozada y Fernández (1999) y adaptaciones de los autores Dym (1999) y, García y Dolán (1997). Dentro de los principales resultados se evidencia que los sujetos a estudio se muestran ambivalentes o indecisos frente al cambio y presentan actitudes de poca resistencia a estos, independiente del tipo de establecimiento al cual pertenezcan. Entre las principales conclusiones se destaca la importancia de la credibilidad y preparación que debe poseer el equipo directivo para liderar este tipo de procesos.
Asiaticoside Enhances the Osteoblast Potential of LPS-induced Periodontal
Ligament Stem Cells through TLR4/NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Zou Xuan , Yu Kaitao , Chu Xiaoyang , Shu Yao , Yang Lili , Wang Chenglong
Published: April 2022

Objective:

Asiaticoside (AS), an active compound extracted from Centella asiatica, can promote
the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells. In this study, we investigated the
impact of AS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoblast differentiation and inflammatory response
in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and its possible mechanisms.

Method:

hPDLSCs were treated with LPS to establish a model mimicking periodontitis and then administered
with different concentrations of AS (30, 60, and 120 μM). Flow cytometry and CCK-8 were conducted
to assess cell apoptosis and proliferation rates, ELISA to detect the levels of inflammatory factors
(IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α) in the cell supernatant, and Western blot to determine the expression of osteoblast
differentiation proteins (Runx2, and OPN) and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway proteins (TLR4,
MyD88, P65, p-P65) with ALP and Alizarin red staining conducted.

Results:

LPS induced apoptosis of hPDLSCs, and inhibited proliferation and osteoblast differentiation
when increasing the levels of inflammatory factors. However, these alterations were restored upon AS
treatment dose-dependently when cell apoptosis decreased, proliferation rate increased, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-
α levels decreased, and osteoblast differentiation enhanced. Additionally, LPS activated the TLR4/NF-κB
signaling pathway in hPDLSCs, up-regulating TLR4, MyD88, and p-P65 expression, which was abrogated
by AS.

Conclusion:

AS ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in hPDLSCs through TLR4/NF-
κB pathway and that AS can be expected to become a therapeutic drug for periodontal tissue regeneration
treatment.
Factores que explican el aumento de la protesta femenina: un estudio de caso para América Latina
Authors: Meisel María José
Published: April 2022

En este estudio se discuten los factores que explican las movilizaciones feministas de 2004 a 2018 en América Latina. Se plantean las siguientes hipótesis: es mayor el porcentaje de las mujeres que protestan con respecto al de los hombres cuando aumenta el nivel educativo; es mayor el porcentaje de las mujeres que protestan con respecto al de los hombres cuando aumenta la participación de las mujeres en el mercado laboral, y es mayor el porcentaje de las mujeres que protestan con respecto al de los hombres cuando aumenta la participación en asociaciones; esto da pie a una movilización institucionalizada y organizada, que visibiliza a las mujeres fuera del ámbito doméstico, “las saca del hogar”. Los principales resultados apoyan las hipótesis. Además, se muestra que la naturaleza de la asociación a la cual se pertenece afecta positivamente el nivel de protesta, independientemente de su naturaleza.
Effects of Preschool Speech Sound Disorder on School Age Activities · Participation
Authors: Seo Eun-Young , Kim Soo-Jin
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Childhood speech sound disorders are related to a variety of problems, and it is important to identify and minimize problems. This study divided groups based on speech abilities and examined differences in the developmental trajectories of activities ∙ participation, and the effect of child factors and environmental factors on the developmental trajectories in activities ∙ participation.Methods: Using the Panel Study on Korean children for the 7th and 9th years, the groups were classified into typically developing, having mild speech sound disorder, and having moderate speech sound disorder based on speech ability. Through multilevel growth model analysis, each group was examined for developmental trajectories in activities ∙ participation in the first and second grades and analyzed the impact of child factors and environmental factors on developmental trajectories.Results: The group with speech sound disorders received low rating scores in various areas of activities ∙ participation in the first and second grades. The child factors and environmental factors contained different effects on each group. Activities ∙ participation of speech sound disorders affected the executive function, school preference, school environment, school location, and childcare policies.Conclusion: This study provides a basis for the need for various types of institutional support to be provided to children with speech sound disorders by showing the effect of speech sound disorders on the performance of children’s life functions, and by examining the effect of child factors and environmental factors on the patterns of developmental trajectories.
Development of Korean Music Rehabilitation Program for Persons with Hearing Loss
Authors: Shin Yerim , Kyong Jeong-Sug , Jo Sungmin , Kim Jinsook
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The ability of music perception should be improved for the hearing impaired by music training. The music training should be systematically conducted from each musical element to overall music listening based on analytic and synthetic approaches. This study aimed to develop the music rehabilitation program (MRP) to improve the music perception of the hearing-impaired.Methods: Fifteen cochlear implant (CI) users (34.5 ± 11.6 years) participated. The MRP consisted the musical elements such as pitch, melody, rhythm and timbre, and musical emotional training considering Korean culture. The MRP was conducted twice per week through self-directed home training for 2 months. The assessment of music perception (AMP) was tested before and after performing the MRP.Results: The results of AMP subtests were significantly different between pre- and post-MRP with 61.1% and 83.8% for the pitch perception test, 72.8% and 87.8% for the timbre perception test with Korean musical instruments, 48.0% and 59.3% with Western musical instruments, and 55.9% and 71.1% in the harmony perception test. However, there was no significant differences in the melody, rhythm and emotional reaction tests. According to the MRP effectiveness questionnaire, 80% of participants have changed their interests after training for listening to music.Conclusion: Although there were differences among elements of music training, the overall music perception ability was improved after conducting MRP (p < 0.001). In conclusion, providing a systematic music training program such as MRP could expand the range of music experience and improve the ability for music listening and for CI users.
Эффективность возбуждения центров дислокационной люминесценции в кремнии с кислородными преципитатами
Authors: Соболев Н.А. , Калядин А.Е. , Штельмах К.Ф. , Шек Е.И. , Сахаров В.И. , Серенков И.Т.
Published: April 2022

Effect of the pump power on the photoluminescence intensity for dislocation-related luminescence centers is studied in p-type silicon containing oxygen precipitates. Oxygen precipitates are induced as a result of three-stage annealing used for formation of a getter for fast diffusing impurities in microelectronics technology while D1 and D2 dislocation-related luminescence centers were produced during subsequent annealing in a flow of argon at 1000°С. The photoluminescence excitation efficiencies for the D1 and D2 lines were measured at a temperature of liquid helium.
Влияние освещенности и температуры на тензосвойства кремния с нанокластерами атомов марганца
Authors: Турсынбаев С.А.
Published: April 2022

It is shown that the tensoproperties of silicon with nanoclusters of manganese atoms differ significantly from the tensoproperties of conventional semiconductors. Discovered has been found that an increase in temperature and illumination significantly increases the tenso sensitivity of the material. The results obtained are explained by the change in the energy spectrum of electrons both in nanoclusters of manganese atoms and in mini-zones formed by nanoclusters in such a material.
Многослойная сенсорная структура на основе пористого кремния
Authors: Болотов В.В. , Князев Е.В. , Пономарева И.В. , Ивлев К.Е.
Published: April 2022

Abstract The work is devoted to the creation of a
sensor structure based on a porous silicon membrane. The
structure under study integrates a porous layer used as a gas
transport layer and a gas sensitive layer of non-stoichiometric tin
oxide. The paper investigates the morphology of the structure and
shows the gas permeability of the membrane on porous silicon.
The gas sensitivity of the test structure obtained by passing a gas-
air mixture containing NO2 has been studied.
Исследование пространственных характеристик излучения поверхностно-излучающих квантово-каскадных лазеров с кольцевым резонатором
Authors: Бабичев А.В. , Михайлов Д.А. , Чистяков Д.В. , Колодезный Е.С. , Гладышев А.Г. , Вознюк Г.В. , Митрофанов М.И. , Денисов Д.В. , Слипченко С.О. , Лютецкий А.В. , Дюделев В.В. , Евтихиев В.П. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Новиков И.И. , Пихтин Н.А. , Егоров А.Ю. , Соколовский Г.С.
Published: April 2022

The results of studies of ring quantum-cascade lasers with surface emission due to a second-order grating formed in the top cladding layers are presented. Surface emission near 7.85 μm with a low threshold current density (3.8 kA/cm2), in comparison with ridge quantum-cascade lasers of the same cavity length is demonstrated. The results of measurements of the intensity distribution of the near and far fields at different pumping levels are presented. The estimated value of the angle of beam extraction relative to the surface normal is in the range (5.7–6.7)°.
О формировании низкоомных контактов для биполярных приборов на основе 4H-SiC
Authors: Афанасьев А.В. , Ильин В.А. , Лучинин В.В. , Серков А.В. , Чигирев Д.А.
Published: April 2022

The results of studies on the development of technological methods for the formation of low-resistivity contact systems to n- and p-SiC based on single and multilayer Ni-, Al- and Ti-compositions for 4H-SiC based bipolar devices are presented. It is shown that the formation of low-resistivity contacts based on Ni to n-4H-SiC (ρс = 3.6∙10-4 Ω∙cm2) and Ni/Al to p-4H-SiC (ρс = 5.9 ∙10-5 Ω∙cm2) is possible within a single cycle of vacuum annealing at 1000 °C for 120 s. This technological solution makes it possible to reduce the number of high-temperature processes.
Фазовый переход квантовой спиновой жидкости в La-=SUB=-0.15-=/SUB=-Sm-=SUB=-0.85-=/SUB=-MnO-=SUB=-3+delta-=/SUB=- в слабом магнитном поле в киральное состояние с топологическим порядком в процессе перемагничивания образца
Authors: Буханько Ф.Н. , Буханько А.Ф.
Published: April 2022

Проведено детальное исследование природы фазовых переходов в Z2 квантовой спиновой жидкости в La0.15Sm0.85MnO3+delta манганитах, индуцированных при температуре 4.2 K слабым внешним dc магнитным полем в ZFC (при охлаждении без магнитного поля) и FC (при охлаждении в магнитном поле) режимах измерения полевых зависимостей намагниченности в интервале полей ± 5 kOe. Показано, что в процессе перемагничивания образца в ZFC-режиме вблизи напряженности внешнего магнитного поля H=0 происходит фазовый переход второго рода Z2 квантовой спиновой жидкости в состояние киральной щелевой квантовой спиновой жидкости с топологическим порядком. Переход сопровождается необычным бугорподобным ростом числа магнитных возбуждений в виде майорановских фермионов и локальных калибровочных Z2 магнитных потоков в интервале полей ± 500 Oe вблизи нулевого поля. Характерной чертой особенностей намагниченности является их сильная зависимость от направления роста внешнего магнитного поля, что сопровождается нарушением зеркальной симметрии намагниченности образца при инверсии знака внешнего магнитного поля, что характерно для кирального состояния Z2 квантовой спиновой жидкости. В FC-режиме измерений вблизи H=0 обнаружены характерные признаки возбуждения и разрушения 1D-фрагментов бесщелевых волн зарядовой/спиновой плотности в процессе перемагничивания образца вследствие конфайнмента-деконфаймента спинонных пар в системе спиновых цепочек. Ключевые слова: киральная квантовая спиновая жидкость, майорановские фермионы, конфайнмент-деконфаймент спинонных пар, 1D-волны зарядовой/спиновой плотности.
Ab initio и экспериментальное исследование колебательных свойств In-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Джахангирли З.А. , Годжаев Э.М. , Гарибли А.Ф. , Байрамова Т.О.
Published: April 2022

The results of investigation of the vibrational properties of the semiconductor compound In2Se3 by the density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) and experimentally using Raman spectroscopy are presented. Comparison of Raman scattering measurements and results of calculations of lattice dynamics allowed us to identify four Raman active modes found at 91.28, 104.5, 182.68 and 193.6 cm-1. The phonon modes were identified by considering the point group symmetry. The results of identification of phonon modes confirmed the R3m symmetry of the α-In2Se3 phase. A comparison is also made with the results of the experimental data available in the literature obtained by the method of Raman spectroscopy. The calculated frequencies and symmetries of the phonon modes at the center of the Brillouin zone are in good agreement with the experimental data.