bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slavonic–Romanian lexicons of the 17th century and their comparative digital edition (the eRomLex project)
Authors: Gînsac Ana-Maria , Moruz Mihai-Alex , Ungureanu Mădălina
Published: December 2021

This study discusses the eRomLex Project, aiming at elaborating a comparative digital edition of the six bilingual Slavonic–Romanian lexicons from the 17th century, based on Pamvo Berynda’s Slavonic–Ruthenian Lexicon from the same age. Following a brief presentation of the general context of these lexicons’ appearance and the current research on this topic, we will discuss the project’s aims, pointing to the benefits of a comparative digital edition. In the second section, we will comparatively examine a few strategies used by the Romanian compilers to deal with the Slavonic–Ruthenian source, both at the level of lexical inventory and definitions. The analysed examples are currently available on the project’s digital platform.

Our comparative analysis shows that the information included in the Slavonic–Romanian lexicons is closed quantitively to the source, except for Lex.Mard. Romanian scribes did not use all the material provided by the source, yet they added new (lists of) entries. Although most definitions are shorter than the ones in the source, there are many instances where additional information of various types was provided. The comparative digital edition, facilitated by the project’s platform, will provide valuable insights into the language, mentality and education of the period in which Romanian lexicons appeared.
Electronic Research Infrastructure for Bulgarian Medieval Written Heritage: history and perspectives
Authors: Totomanova Anna-Maria
Published: December 2021

The paper traces the history of the Histdict system, which turned into a basis for the new Electronic Research Infrastructure for Bulgarian Medieval Written Heritage, which was included into the National Research Roadmap at the end of 2020. Through this act the state declares its support to our resources, that have been so far created and supported by project funding. And of course, it is a big recognition of our efforts and achievements. On the other hand, this act coincided with two other events: the inclusion of RESILIENCE (Research Infrastructure on Religious Studies) in which Histdict is taking part, in the European Research Infrastructures Roadmap and the start of the updating and upgrading of the system. Given the situation the Infrastructure is now facing new challenges—not only the successful improvement of the services it offers, but also the inclusion of the Orthodox Cultural Heritage into European research exchange, which will promote and popularize the history and culture of Southeastern Europe.
Infrastructura electronică de cercetare pentru patrimoniul scris bulgar medieval: istorie și perspective
Authors: Totomanova Anna-Maria
Published: December 2021

Prezentul articol trasează istoria sistemului Histdict, care a stat la baza Infrastructurii electronice de cercetare pentru patrimoniul scris bulgar medieval (Electronic Research Infrastructure for Bulgarian Medieval Written Heritage), inclusă la sfîrșitul anului 2020 în baza de date națională pentru cercetare. Prin acest act statul își declară sprijinul pentru resursele noastre, care pînă acum au fost create și susținute doar pe baza unor finanțări din diverse proiecte. Acest lucru reprezintă, desigur, și o mult așteptată recunoaștere a eforturilor și realizărilor noastre. Pe de altă parte, acest act coincide cu alte două evenimente notabile: includerea RESILIENCE (Infrastructura de Cercetare pentru Studii Religioase), din care face parte și Histdict, pe harta europeană a infrastructurilor de cercetare și inițierea proceselor de actualizare a sistemului. Datorită acestei situații, Infrastructura se confruntă în prezent cu noi provocări—nu numai îmbunătățirea cu succes a serviciilor pe care le oferă, dar și includerea Patrimoniului Cultural Ortodox în rețeaua de cercetare europeană, ceea ce va avea drept efect promovarea și popularizarea istoriei și a culturii din sud-estul Europei.
The PhytoLex plant name database: results and perspectives
Authors: Kolosova Valeria B. , Kovalenko Kira I. , Molkov Georgy A.
Published: December 2021

Russian plant names are a semantic group poorly represented in historical dictionaries. During the project “Russian phytonyms in diachronic aspect (11th–17th c.)” (2017–2020), the PhytoLex database was created, which contains plant names recorded in Russian texts of the 11th–17th centuries. The population of the database was accompanied by research work devoted to various issues relating to the representation of plant names in the Russian language in general, and in particular in relation to some specific genres: herbals, documents of the Apothecary Chancery, business documents, church literature and lexicons. Some earlier unknown plant names were identified. These database materials will be the basis for the dictionary of Old Russian plant names, draft word entries for which have been compiled. Technical solutions will be used during the creation of a further database representing plant names recorded in later periods of the Russian language.
PhytoLex, bază de date cu nume de plante: rezultate şi perspective
Authors: Kolosova Valeria B. , Kovalenko Kira I. , Molkov Georgy A.
Published: December 2021

Numele de plante ruseşti reprezintă un grup semantic slab reprezentat în dicţionarele istorice. Baza de date PhytoLex a fost creată în cadrul proiectului „Fitonime ruseşti sub aspect diacronic (secolele XI–XVII)” (2017–2020). Această bază de date conţine nume de plante identificate în textele ruseşti din secolele XI–XVII. Elaborarea bazei de date a fost însoțită de cercetări dedicate diverselor aspecte legate de reprezentarea numelor de plante în limba rusă în general şi în relaţie cu anumite genuri specifice în particular: cărţi despre plante, documente ale Cancelariei Spiţerilor, documente comerciale, literatura bisericească şi lexicoane. Au fost identificate şi nume vechi de plante necunoscute. Materialele cuprinse în această bază de date vor constitui baza Dicţionarului de nume vechi de plante în limba rusă, pentru care au fost deja elaborate schiţele intrărilor. Vom apela la o serie de soluţii tehnice pentru a dezvolta o bază de date care să reprezinte numele de plante consemnate în perioadele ulterioare ale limbii ruse.
Începuturile lexicografiei poloneze: care este modalitatea de prezentare a gloselor din dicționarul medieval în epoca digitală?
Authors: Jasińska Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

Obiectivul prezentului studiu este de a ilustra modul în care acest tip specific de atestare—glosele poloneze din dicționarele latine—poate fi ilustrat în format electronic. Punctul de plecare al analizei noastre îl constituie baza de date online Rozariusze z polskimi glosami (Rosarii cu glose poloneze – rozariusze.ijp.pan.pl). Baza de date este constituită din elemente de vocabular polonez utilizat în așa-numitele rosarii, adică texte care reprezintă redacția poloneză a dicționarului Vocabularius Ex quo. Instrumentul online permite utilizatorilor să vizualizeze și să caute resursele grupate în următoarele categorii: atestări, intrări, concordanțe. Această bază de date a fost creată pentru a colecta informații despre elaborarea gloselor poloneze din așa-numitele rosarii, dar poate fi o sursă de inspirație sau un model parțial pentru cercetări similare asupra acestui tip de atestări și în alte limbi vernaculare.
Digitalizarea scrierilor cu alfabet chirilic (românesc) prin utilizarea platformei Transkribus: noi perspective
Authors: Burlacu Constanța , Rabus Achim
Published: December 2021

Prezentul articol aduce în discuție aplicarea platformei software Transkribus (transkribus.eu), un instrument de inteligență artificială pentru recunoașterea scrisului de mînă (HTR), la manuscrise românești din secolul al XVI-lea și la surse tipărite redactate cu alfabet chirilic. După o trecere în revistă a funcționalității de bază a tehnologiei HTR și a programului Transkribus, discutăm despre sursele românești și cele bilingve slavo-române pe care le-am utilizat, detaliind modelele de instruire specifice și generice, precum și pe cele inteligente (respectiv transliterarea din sistemul de scriere chirilic în cel latin), evaluînd performanța acestora și discutînd apoi implicațiile HTR asupra cercetării filologice în epoca digitală. În concluzii ne referim perspectivele viitoare de cercetare.
Gorazd: An Old Church Slavonic Digital Hub and the Romanian Slavonic studies
Authors: Knoll Vladislav
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to present the utility of the Gorazd: An Old Church Digital Hub for scholars working with Old Romanian and Slavonic texts written on the territory of today’ s Romania. The Gorazd Project was realized during the years 2016–2020 and it includes an Old Church Slavonic Card Index and three Old Church Slavonic lexical databases, among which the largest one is represented by the digitized and updated version of the monumental Lexicon linguæ palæoslovenicæ (vol. I–IV, 1958–1997) composed by the Institute of Slavonic Studies of the Czech Academy of Sciences. As the Gorazd Project uses English as meta-language, its application is not limited to narrowly specialized Slavic philologists, but it is also open for scholars of neighbouring fields. The dictionaries within the Gorazd Digital Hub can serve as a reference tool not just for the oldest attested Slavonic vocabulary and its semantics, but also for the biblical concordance of the Slavonic oldest Bible redaction and the oldest attested Old Church Slavonic morphological forms.
Gorazd: Portal digital al limbii slave vechi și studiile slavo-române
Authors: Knoll Vladislav
Published: December 2021

Obiectivul studiului de față este de a prezenta utilitatea proiectului Gorazd: An Old Church Digital Hub pentru cercetătorii care lucrează cu texte românești vechi și cu texte slavone scrise pe teritoriul României de astăzi. Proiectul Gorazd a fost realizat în perioada 2016–2020 și include o cartotecă pentru limba slavă veche și trei baze de date lexicale de texte în slava veche, dintre care cea mai extinsă este reprezentată de versiunea digitalizată și actualizată a monumentalei lucrări Lexicon linguæ palæoslovenicæ (vol. I–IV, 1958–1997) elaborată de către Institutul de Studii Slave al Academiei de Științe din Republica Cehă. Datorită faptului că Proiectul Gorazd utilizează limba engleză ca metalimbaj, aria sa de aplicare nu este limitată la filologii specializați pe slavistică, ci rămîne deschisă și cercetătorilor din domenii înrudite. Dicționarele din cadrul Gorazd Digital Hub pot servi ca instrument de referință nu numai pentru vocabularul slavonic cu cele mai vechi atestări și semantica acestuia, ci și pentru concordanțele biblice ale celei mai vechi redacții a Bibliei slavone și cele mai vechi forme morfologice atestate ale slavei vechi.
Slavona românească în Unicode: probleme și soluții
Authors: Felea Ion-Mihai
Published: December 2021

Editorii de texte slavone și slavo-române au la dispoziție numeroase instrumente (fonturi, aranjamente de tastaturi fizice și virtuale, procesoare de text, sisteme de operare) pentru transcrierea și digitalizarea acestora într-o manieră uniformă. Uniformitatea transcrierilor are la bază standardizarea Unicode. În articol ne propunem să explicăm locul slavonei în Unicode și să descriem succint instrumentele cele mai accesibile. În acest scop vom descrie instrumentele de lucru din perspectivă istorică și funcțională, apoi vom furniza exemple în care acele instrumente pot fi sau au fost deja utilizate pentru a obține o transcriere cît mai fidelă. Utilizatorul poate alege dintre metodele și instrumentele existente în funcție de scopuri, nevoi și mijloacele de care dispune. O înțelegere mai bună a datelor tehnice poate scurta timpul de lucru, poate îmbunătăți transcrierea, poate micșora timpii de învățare și, per ansamblu, ușurează munca editorului.
A plea for teaching writing as an integrative process meant to serve a functional purpose
Authors: Vâlcea Cristina Silvia , Pavel Ecaterina
Published: December 2021

In the Romanian context, writing is in a paradoxical situation: it is claimed to be important though it is one of the skills that is little invested in and moreover it undergoes strong opposition from the parents who would opt for digitalization as a preventive opportunity for their children in the future. Mistreated by both school and society, writing is given meagre chances of proving its determining role in the intellectual formation of the young generation. In this line of thought this paper aims at mapping writing as a school-taught skill by first outlining the Romanian approach to school writing (as product or process) and secondly by carrying out an analysis of the writing tasks regularly assigned, with a view to emphasizing their ups and downs and to suggesting changes that might improve
not only the perception on writing in the Romanian curriculum, but also the quality of the educational output. In order to obtain a good representation of how writing is viewed by the Romanian educational system, it is deemed as appropriate to analyse the school curriculum issued and approved by the Ministry of National Education and to evaluate the implementation of the official guidelines into school textbooks. The justification for the interest of the authors in writing is related to the high rates of functional illiteracy, to the preponderant evaluation type of the pupils (a written one) and to the largely acknowledged inability of pupils to successfully manage their written tasks.
Un apel pentru predarea scrierii ca proces integrativ cu scop funcțional
Authors: Vâlcea Cristina Silvia , Pavel Ecaterina
Published: December 2021

În România, situația scrierii ca disciplină școlară este una paradoxală: deși discursul general o declară importantă, se investește tot mai puțin în această abilitate; în plus, suferă o puternică opoziție din partea părinților, care ar opta pentru competențe de scriere digitale, considerate mai de perspectivă pentru copiii lor. Minată atît de școală, cît și de societate, scrierea are slabe șanse de a-și dovedi rolul determinant în formarea intelectuală a tinerei generații. În această linie, prezenta lucrare urmărește cartografierea scrierii ca abilitate predată la școală, prezentînd mai întîi abordarea românească a scrierii școlare (ca produs sau proces) și, în al doilea rînd, efectuînd o analiză a exercițiilor și cerințelor dedicate scrierii. Scopul este acela de a sublinia plusurile și minusurile acestora și de a sugera schimbări care ar putea îmbunătăți nu numai percepția asupra scrierii în programa școlară românească, ci și calitatea rezultatelor. Pentru a avea o bună înțelegere asupra modului în care scrierea este percepută de sistemul de învățământ românesc, am considerat că o abordare potrivită este să se analizeze programa școlară emisă și aprobată de Ministerul Educației Naționale și să se evalueze implementarea liniilor directoare oficiale în manualele școlare. Justificarea interesului autorilor pentru scriere este legată de ratele ridicate ale analfabetismului funcțional, de tipul preponderent de evaluare a elevilor (probele scrise) și de incapacitatea în mare măsură recunoscută a elevilor de a-și gestiona cu succes sarcinile de lucru scrise.
B.P. Hasdeu – hypostasis of the “Romanian specialist”
Authors: Bezea Cristina
Published: December 2021

The purpose of any specialist, regardless of the sphere approached, is to serve the aspirations of scientific and cultural development of his people. However, in the broad process of searching for scientific truth, the possibility seen by some scientists to achieve this goal is scientific controversy, often manifested in a harsh duel of words.

This article aims at confronting some of the most representative figures of Romanian linguistics, a confrontation developed in the realm of ideas. Using weapons such as stinging irony, humor and sarcasm, Alexandru Philippide outlines a new hypostasis of the “Romanian specialist”, this time materialized in the person of Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu.
B.P. Hasdeu – ipostază a „specialistului român”
Authors: Bezea Cristina
Published: December 2021

Menirea oricărui specialist, indiferent de sfera abordată, este aceea de a servi năzuințelor de dezvoltare științifică și culturală a poporului său. Însă, în cadrul amplului proces de căutare a adevărului științific, posibilitatea întrevăzută de unii savanți pentru îndeplinirea acestui țel este polemica științifică, manifestată deseori printr-un duel aprins al cuvintelor.

Acest articol urmărește confruntarea unora dintre cele mai reprezentative figuri ale lingvisticii românești, confruntare desfășurată pe tărîmul nesfîrșit al ideilor. Uzînd de arme precum ironia usturătoare, umorul și sarcasmul, Alexandru Philippide conturează o nouă ipostază a „specialistului român”, de data aceasta concretizată în persoana lui Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu.
The first mathematics textbook printed in Moldavia. Elementi aritmetice arătate firești (Iași, 1795)
Authors: Soare Liliana
Published: December 2021

The first mathematics textbook printed in Moldavia (Iași, 1795) was not sufficiently examined, although the translation offers us valuable information on the Italian influence on the Romanian language and a precious linguistic material as regards both the configuration of the Romanian literary language in Moldavia at the end of the 18th century and the constitution of mathematical terminology. The linguistic material excerpted reflects phonetic and morphologic norms specific of the author’s dialect, sometimes going beyond the criteria illustrated by the local tradition, especially in the morphosyntax field. The lack of a terminological tradition is to be observed in the high number of un-adapted terms, semantic loans and old terms. Amfilohie’s intense activity of translating from Italian (the scholar being a genuine forerunner of the Italianate movement in Moldavia) is proof of the depths of the cultural contacts with the western world, resulting in the intensification of the renewing of the Romanian vocabulary by assimilating Latin-Romance borrowings in general and Italian ones, in particular.
Primul text de matematică tipărit în Moldova. Elementi aritmetice arătate firești (Iași, 1795)
Authors: Soare Liliana
Published: December 2021

Primul text de matematică tipărit în Moldova (la Iași, în 1795) nu a fost suficient examinat, deși traducerea ne oferă informații valoroase despre influența italiană asupra limbii române și un material prețios atît în privința configurației limbii române literare în Moldova sfîrșitului de secol XVIII, cît și în privința constituirii terminologiei matematice. Materialul lingvistic excerptat reflectă norme fonetice și morfologice specifice graiului autorului, uneori depășind criteriile ilustrate de tradiția locală mai ales în domeniul morfosintaxei. Lipsa unei tradiții terminologice este evidentă în numărul mare de termeni neadaptați, calcuri semantice și termeni populari. Intensa activitate de traducere din italiană a episcopului Amfilohie, un autentic precursor al curentului italienizant în Moldova, arată profunzimea contactelor culturale cu spațiul cultural occidental, avînd drept consecință intensificarea procesului de înnoire a limbii române prin asimilarea împrumuturilor latino-romanice, în general, și a celor italiene, în special.
Law Enforcement Officers’ Reaction on Traditional Crimes to Fight Cybercrime Locally
Authors: McKoy Coleman
Published: December 2021

Cybercrime has become one of the fastest-growing concerns for law enforcement agencies at the federal, state, and municipal levels. This qualitative case study examined the perceptions of nine law enforcement officers from Texas regarding combating cybercrime at the local level. The study focuses on how do law enforcement officers who respond to traditional crimes describe law enforcement agencies’ preparedness to fight cybercrime locally. Data collection consisted of semistructured interviews, where member-checking helped to enhance trustworthiness. The results from this study helped fill the gap in the literature regarding the unknown perceptions of law enforcement officers responding to cybercrimes at the local level. This study also focused on the behaviors of the participants regarding responding to cybercrimes. Participants indicated that law enforcement agencies take cybercrime seriously; however, cybercrimes are not a high priority for law enforcement at the local level. Participants also provided challenges that local law enforcement agencies face in cybercrime investigations locally.
Impact of Personality Traits and Socio-Demographic Factors on Depression among Doctors and Nurses
Authors: Maya Thapasya
Published: December 2021

The workplace is not immune to conflict and stress, specifically when fulfilling people's responsibilities at great personal costs. Doctors and nurses are always on the frontline in hospitals, vaulting from one stressful high-stakes situation to the next. The HEXACO model of personality traits: Honesty-humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness, has long been hypothesized to be a major predicting factor when determining individuals' responses to stress and susceptibility to experiencing depression. Most research suggests that personality traits resonate with a person's cognitive abilities and how they can deal with stress and depression. However, there is a lack of research on their correlation to depression severity in the Middle East. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of HEXACO personality traits and socio-demographic factors on depression amongst doctors and nurses. A sample of 170 doctors and nurses (62.1% doctors) completed HEXACO-60 and PHQ-9 depression severity questionnaires. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analysis. The findings showed that Honesty-humility was the strongest predictor, while extraversion was the second strongest. Emotionality had the least impact on depression. The relationship between Agreeableness and Openness to Experience with depression was insignificant. However, gender, age, working hours, and work experience were significant predictors of depression. Marital status and level of specialization were insignificant predictors. Thus, it was concluded that not all HEXACO traits and socio-demographics predict depression. Study findings could be utilized in the implementation of employee recruitment, job crafting, positive psychology, and coaching.
Factors Determining the Use and Acceptance of Mobile Banking in Colombia
Authors: Bermeo Giraldo Maria Camila , Martha L. Benjumea-Arias  , Alejandro Valencia-Arias  , Iván A. Montoya-Restrepo
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the acceptance and use of mobile banking among users in Medellín (Colombia). The factors we propose are built upon on seven constructs (customer service and support, perceived attitude, perceived usefulness, ease of use, perceived trust, intention to use, and perceived security), which were developed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the literature. We collected the data from 220 questionnaires self-administered by mobile banking users in Medellín. Subsequently, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to determine the correlation between the set of observed variables and the constructs defined in the proposed acceptance model. We empirically conclude that the use of mobile banking among the population under study is mainly influenced by users’ perceived usefulness, perceived trust, and ease of use. The results show a strong correlation between perceived trust and perceived security and between perceived usefulness and intention to use.
Determinants Affecting the Adoption of E-commerce and Its Impact on Organisational Performance of SMEs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fonseka Kapila , Jaharadak Adam Amril , Raman Murali , Tham Jacquline
Published: December 2021

The Internet has become the best innovative driver in the fourth industrial revolution, transforming businesses into a technological era with speed and cost-effectiveness. E-commerce is one of the modern business strategies used by many companies to expand their market without limiting its geographical boundaries. This business strategy was initially used by companies in developed countries and eventually adopted by developing countries. Sri Lanka is a developing country and e-commerce penetration is far below other countries in the region. Perceived benefits, transformational leadership, and competitive pressure are the influencing factors of e-commerce adoption. The Technology-Organization-Environment and Diffusion of Innovations theories were used as the base of this research, and 350 samples were collected from the senior managers of SMEs. All factors significantly influenced e-commerce adoption and that positively affected the organisational performance of SMEs in Sri Lanka.
Evolution of Digital Capital in Organizations: A Quantitative Assessment
Authors: Bubnov Vladimir , Kopilevich Valeria , Istomina Anna
Published: December 2021

This study analyzed the evolution of resources in organizations towards digital capital using the example of Russia, by analyzing data on the development of technological infrastructure. It concluded that, over the past decade, there were moderately favourable conditions in terms of technological orientation in the Russian Federation. However, only a third of Russian organizations have mastered digital transformation in the context of digital interaction in the online environment using relatively simple information technologies. At the same time, a downward trend was noted for the pace of digitization of business processes and management decisions through dedicated software, reducing the global competitiveness of such organizations. The quantitative assessment of the evolution of digital resources demonstrated that Russian organizations have only a basic level of mastery of digital technologies, with some additional capabilities. This level is characterized by the use of relatively simple digital technologies and standard software. Thus, Russian economic entities in almost all areas use information and communication technology as a component of digital capital for the production of added value, but within limited professional competencies. The study results can be used by organizations’ management for meso-level research and by policymakers for evaluating the digital economy.
On The Burr XII-Gamma Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications
Authors: Bhatti Fiaz Ahmad , Cordeiro Gauss M. , Korkmaz Mustafa Ç. , Hamedani G.G.
Published: December 2021

We introduce a four-parameter lifetime model with flexible hazard rate called the Burr XII gamma (BXIIG) distribution.  We derive the BXIIG distribution from (i) the T-X family technique and (ii) nexus between the exponential and gamma variables. The failure rate function for the BXIIG distribution is flexible as it can accommodate various shapes such as increasing, decreasing, decreasing-increasing, increasing-decreasing-increasing, bathtub and modified bathtub.  Its density function can take shapes such as exponential, J, reverse-J, left-skewed, right-skewed and symmetrical. To illustrate the importance of the BXIIG distribution, we establish various mathematical properties such as random number generator, ordinary moments, generating function, conditional moments, density functions of record values, reliability measures and characterizations.  We address the maximum likelihood estimation for the parameters. We estimate the adequacy of the estimators via a simulation study. We consider applications to two real data sets to prove empirically the potentiality of the proposed model.
An Interpretation of Non-Preemptive Priority Fuzzy Queuing Model with Asymmetrical Service Rates
Authors: Karupothu Usha Prameela , Richard Wurmbrand  , R P S Jayakar
Published: December 2021

This  paper presents Non-Preemptive  priority fuzzy queuing model with asymmetrical service rates. Arrival rate and  service rate are taken to be hexagonal, heptagonal, and octagonal fuzzy numbers. Here an interpretation  is given to determine the performance measures by applying a new  ranking technique through which the fuzzy values are reduced to the crisp values. This ranking technique has the benefit of being precise and relevant compared to other methods such as alpha-cut method and LR method. The main intention is to evaluate the fuzziness before the performance measures are processed by utilizing the regular queueing hypothesis. Three numerical examples are exhibited to show the validity implementation of the methodology.
Early full enteral feeding in very low birth weight babies on day one
Authors: Bhosgi Revanasiddappa , Harwalkar Kirankumar
Published: December 2021

Background: Nutrition in very low birth weight babies is most important factor in early improvement of neonate. It also decides duration of stay in intensive care unit. Objectives of the current study were to initiate required full enteral feed at the earliest and to know the outcome of such neonates.Methods: It is a hospital based retrospective study conducted from October 2019 to December 2019 in Gulbarga institute of medical sciences, Kalaburagi. 40 clinically stable VLBW neonates on day 1 started on enteral feeding are included in the study. Babies with birth weight more than 1.5 kgs or less than 1 kg, hemodynamically unstable at start of feeds are excluded from the study. Collected data is analysed by SPSS 17.Results: Total 40 VLBW babies were included in the study. Among them, 28 neonates tolerated feeds, were improved & discharged early with an average duration of stay of 16days with early birth weight gain by 14 days. 10 neonates had feed intolerance with signs of Necrotizing enterocolitis during course of treatment, were improved and discharged with an average duration of stay of 22 days. Mortality was seen in 2 neonates due to associated sepsis.  Conclusions: Initiation of full enteral feeds in stable VLBW babies is effective mode for improvement, weight gain and early discharge from hospital.
Hyperaldosteronism: types, clinical characteristics, and treatment
Authors: Alsyamy Areej M. , Kashkari Amnah T. , Alazdi Fawaz A. , Dalati Abdulmonem T. , Alawadi Mohammed M. , Hawari Emad S. , Nassar Mohammed M. , Hennawi M. Mohanad I. A. , Alaslani Hassan H. , Albayshi Ashjan A. , Fatani Mohammed L.
Published: December 2021

Cases with hyperaldosteronism might be asymptomatic in many events. Therefore, the diagnosis can be missed. However, the usual presentation for many patients has been reported to be a refractory elevation in the blood pressure which might be mild to severe. Based on the type of hyperaldosteronism and the diagnosis, the treatment of these conditions should be established. Therefore, it can be concluded that the treatment is specific to the management of the underlying etiology, and managing the clinical characteristics and associated complications. This present literature review aims to provide evidence regarding the types, clinical characteristics, and treatment of aldosterone based on data from the current investigations in the literature. Different clinical phenotypes have been reported for the condition. Nevertheless, the disease can be broadly classified into primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism based on the pathophysiology and etiology of the condition. Clinical characteristics might not be diagnostic since they are very non-specific, despite being common in these patients, as hypokalemia and hypertension. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of conducting the necessary diagnostic approaches before establishing the diagnosis. Management of these patients requires the integration of different approaches, including surgical and medical treatment. Perioperative care is important because it may lead to unfavorable consequences if neglected.
Types and tissue sources of bone grafts in dental implants
Authors: Haroub Anas Omar , Edrees Mustafa Burhan , Misfer Rema Tariq , Saidi Khadijah Mustafa , Binjahlan Meelad Mahmood , Barnawi Rasha Fahad , Abdullah Haneen Anis , Aljishi Hala Nader , Albalawi Salem Hamed , Alrashdi Anwar Khunayfir , Shafei Reem Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Using bone grafts has been described in the literature for multiple decades and has been applied within the different medical fields. Furthermore, in the field of dentistry, evidence shows that these approaches have been widely used for different purposes, including the management of craniofacial defects and dental implantology. However, it should be noted that many disadvantages have been reported for the different tissue sources of bone grafting in dental implants despite the wide acceptance of the outcomes and favorable prognosis with these materials. Therefore, many efforts were conducted to innovate further approaches with reduced disadvantages and favorable outcomes. Our present study discusses the types and tissue sources of bone grafts in the settings of dental implants. This can provide dentists with better information and enhanced knowledge levels about the tissue sources of dental implants, which should help them decide the most appropriate source with the least adverse events. Different tissue sources were reported in the literature, including materials that are no longer used for their disadvantages and associated complications. Among the proposed materials, biomimetics has been reported with favorable outcomes and reduced adverse events, and using combinations of these materials can furtherly enhance the prognosis. Further research is needed to innovate additional modalities that can overcome the currently reported limitations.
Indications and long-term results of enteral feeding in infancy and childhood
Authors: Alsafadi Danyah Mahmoud , Alzahrani Gaida Sharaf , Alhayek Qasem Mohammed , Alghazwi Hawra Hassan , Alzahrani Waleed Abdulwahab , Qahtani Reema Saeed AL , Alfahhad Afnan Jaber , Hazzazi Hanan Ahmed , Alyami Bashayr Dimshaq , Alsakhin Nasser Ali , Althagafi Raad Aidh
Published: December 2021

Enteral feeding is more favorable than parenteral one because it can significantly intervene against the colonization of bacteria and preserve gut functions. However, this necessitates the presence of a good-functioning gastrointestinal tract. Young infants, critically ill children, and patients with neurological disabilities are the most probable candidates to perform enteral feeding. In the present literature review, we have discussed the indications and long-term results of enteral feeding in pediatric settings. Our results show that modality is a safe and efficacious modality in these settings with favorable outcomes and fewer adverse events and complications. Many indications were reported for the modality, and in general, children that usually suffer from severe weight deficit, weight faltering, and growth retardation are indicated to receive enteral nutrition. Some contraindications were also reported in the literature, and in general, conditions affecting the function and health status gastrointestinal tract should recommend against conducting approaches of enteral feeding. Different complications were reported, including mechanical, metabolic, infectious, gastrointestinal, and drug-related complications that might lead to worsened prognosis and can significantly impact the long-term outcomes of these patients. Therefore, paying adequate attention should be considered in these cases to prevent the development of these complications, and provide all the necessary procedures to potentially manage the expected adverse events.
Effect of untreated dental caries on school performance and social life
Authors: Amer Ameera Ibrahim , Alsehaim Walaa Yahia , Alabdalaal Wissam Hussain , Alsemran Ohood Mohammad , Mansori Osama Mohammad , Almahmadi Daren Sleman , Subahi Mayar Saleh , Feteih Monthir Mohammed , Alshehri Shahad Amer , Alasmari Malik Farraj , Alqahtani Manar Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Oral diseases are highly prevalent across the different countries globally, indicating that these conditions represent a significant challenge to the healthcare authorities. Moreover, like untreated dental caries, chronic diseases were linked with poor school performance and deteriorated quality of life. This current literature review aims to discuss the effect of untreated dental caries on school performance and social life. Our findings indicate the strong association between having untreated dental caries and reduced performance at school. We also found that these children usually suffer from deteriorated aspects of social life, being more prone to verbal bullying than other children without dental caries. Different factors were reported to affect the correlation between untreated dental caries and performance at school. For instance, socioeconomic status has a significant role in this association. Evidence also indicates the vital role of gender, family income, and parental education. These findings indicate the urgent need to draw proper interventional plans to reduce the risk of dental caries. Besides, healthcare authorities should plan for screening programs to detect children with untreated dental caries and provide adequate management of these conditions to enhance the quality of life and educational aspects. However, the findings are not consistent among the different investigations in the literature. Therefore, future studies are needed to validate the current evidence and enhance the outcomes.
Types of sedation used in pediatric dentistry
Authors: Aljohani Hanan Raja , Albalawi Rinad Abdulmonam , Orri Fajr Adel , Alshammari Khalid Mubarak , Shikdar Narmeen Abdulmannan , Sayhab Bader Hussain Al , Alkahtani Hifa Mohammed , Alwably Alanoud Ali , Algazlan Alanoud Mohammed , Alghamdi Ali Abdullah , Alqahtani Albandari Menahi
Published: December 2021

Childhood dental anxiety usually results from painful and frightening dental traumas. Accordingly, children might want to avoid dental treatment if not adequate precautions were not taken during these settings. Thus, sedation is being widely used in different dental settings with favorable outcomes. In the present literature review, we have discussed sedation's different types and approaches in pediatric dentistry settings. We also reviewed the main medications that can be administered in these settings, together with the potential routes of administration, safety and contraindications. As a result, the pediatric dentist should identify patients suitable for sedation, choose the right type of sedation, prepare the media for successful procedures, and select the proper medication. Careful monitoring and adequate preparation are also critical to enhance the prognosis and manage the potential complications. Eventually, sedation might improve the compliance of pediatric patients and reduce the dilemma of fear from painful dental procedures. This has been associated with favorable outcomes for the dentist, as well. Therefore, further research is needed for additional validation and innovation in this field.
Factors affecting orthodontic treatment time and how to predict it
Authors: Mitwally Rania Adel , Alesawi Laila Marzooq , Humedi Adhwaa Yahya , Baaltahin Saleh Saeed Al , Saeedi Yara Ahmed , Murdif Ali Saidan Al , Zuhayr Aseel Zayed Al , Albilali Hind Waleed , Habis Raneem Mohammed , Bakhsh Manal Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Orthodontic treatment time has been associated with certain parameters that can affect the different aspects of treatment regards to the patient and orthodontist. Therefore, a large set of research has focused on studying these factors. Many factors have been proposed in the literature as significant predictors for prolonged orthodontic treatment duration. In general, these factors are related to the patient, orthodontist, procedure, and severity of the underlying condition. Acquiring more knowledge about these factors can help orthodontists speed up the treatment plan, which might enhance the treatment outcomes and enhance the levels of satisfaction. In the current study, we have provided updated evidence regarding the different factors affecting orthodontic treatment time according to evidence from studies in the literature. Many factors were reported, including factors related to the procedure and the underlying condition, and factors related to the patient and orthodontist. Increasing knowledge and experience of the orthodontist might increase the level of satisfaction as it has been reported to significantly reduce the treatment duration. However, this should be accompanied by adequate patient compliance, which was also reported to be a significant predictor for prolonged treatment duration. Investigating the application of recent modalities that can speed up the treatment plan is not adequately validated, indicating the need for future validating studies.
Immunological and physiological responses related to orthodontic treatment
Authors: Bawyan Rehab Fuad , Baajajah Ahmed Jamil , Alzahrani Haitham Abdullah , Murad Mohammed Abdulkader , Jamalellail Hattan Mohammed Hisham , Muthaffar Sarah Yousef , Alandijani Abdulaziz Abdulrahim , Khayat Mohammed Abdulrhman , Bahurmoz Abdulrahman Ahmed , Azab Abdulrahman Talal , Almalki Majed Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Orthodontic treatment is usually approached to achieve better aesthetics by influencing tooth movement in different positions within the jaw. The application of mechanical forces during the process of treatment is the main responsible for these events. Remarkable changes in the vascularity of the underlying tissues were also reported to occur secondary to applying orthodontic forces. This significantly leads to the synthesis and release of many metabolites and signaling molecules. Furthermore, it might be associated with various immunological and physiological responses that enhance or deteriorate the prognosis. Therefore, the present study reviewed the literature to identify the different immunological and physiological responses secondary to orthodontic treatment. Our findings indicate that different immune cells and immunoglobulins are usually involved in orthodontic treatment-related events. Moreover, we found that cytokines and chemokines have an important role in the post-treatment inflammatory process, leading to bone resorption or bone formation. Various cytokines were reported in this context, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-12, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1β. The roles of these modalities have been discussed based on their effects on bone remodeling following orthodontic treatment.
Prevalence and prevention of orthodontically induced dental resorption
Authors: Bawyan Rehab Fuad , Alsharif Ahmed Nayef , Alabdalaal Wissam Hussain , Thakfan Abdulelah Saad , Alesayi Sarah Taha , Shafei Ghadah Abdullah , Almarwani Manal Mohammed , Ageel Basmah Mustafa , Azouz Fatma Abdulqader , Alkhalifah Asim Abdulaziz , Farghal Lamis Marwan , Rawas Ahmad Eissa
Published: December 2021

Since 1914, when Ottolengui first described it, dentists and patients have been tormented with root resorption, an unwanted but typical sequence of orthodontic mechanotherapeutics. It has been demonstrated that among other potentially hazardous chemicals, the orthodontic equipment employed has a considerable impact on root repair. The‏‏‎ root‏‏‎ repair‏‏‎ process‏‏‎ is‏‏‎ highly‏‏‎ linked‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament‏‏‎ necrosis‏‏‎ damage.‏‏‎ When‏‏‎ intense‏‏‎ orthodontic‏‏‎ pressures‏‏‎ are‏‏‎ applied‏‏‎ for‏‏‎ an‏‏‎ extended‏‏‎ length‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ time‏‏‎,‏‏‎ hyalinization‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ the‏‏‎ underlying‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament‏‏‎ can‏‏‎ occur‏‏‎ quickly.‏‏‎ Protective‏‏‎ leukocytes‏‏‎ from‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament‏‏‎ capillaries‏‏‎ mix‏‏‎ quickly‏‏‎ with‏‏‎ osteoclast‏‏‎ progenitors‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ create‏‏‎ cells‏‏‎ with‏‏‎ high-density‏‏‎ genes‏‏‎ capable‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ regenerating‏‏‎ mineral‏‏‎ tissue‏‏‎.‏‏‎ External‏‏‎ apical‏‏‎ root‏‏‎ repair‏‏‎ begins‏‏‎ when‏‏‎ a‏‏‎ protective‏‏‎ layer‏‏‎ of‏‏‎ cementoblasts‏‏‎ including‏‏‎ the‏‏‎ hyalinized‏‏‎ periodontal‏‏‎ ligament,‏‏‎ dies,‏‏‎ allowing‏‏‎ odontoclasts‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ rebuild‏‏‎ cement‏‏‎ and‏‏‎ teeth.‏‏‎ Initially,‏‏‎ a‏‏‎ cemented‏‏‎ protective‏‏‎ layer‏‏‎ is‏‏‎ lost,‏‏‎ exposing‏‏‎ a‏‏‎ green‏‏‎ cement‏‏‎ surface‏‏‎ to‏‏‎ odontoclastic‏‏‎ assaults‏‏‎.‏‏‎ On the other hand, the maxillary second premolar exhibited more excellent root rates in Asians than in Caucasians. The data were taken as evidence that specific races such as Asians were less likely than longer roots to be involved in root repair or were impacted by mutant morphology. In addition, radiographic examination of intermediate IOPAR therapy can detect at-risk teeth and suggest the necessity for appropriate rest to improve performance or anatomical structure. Treatment of afflicted individuals should be continued with caution and proper use of high-intensity light while avoiding movements linked with re-screening such as ingesting.
Isopropylbenzene oxidation reaction computer simulation
Authors:   Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Russian Science Academy, Prospect Oktyabrya 141, 450075, Ufa, Russia, Vovdenko Mikhail K. , Gubaidulin Irek M. ,   Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Russian Science Academy, Prospect Oktyabrya 141, 450075, Ufa, Russia,   Ufa State Technological Petroleum University, Kosmonavtov street 1, 450062, Ufa, Russia, Koledina Kamila F. ,   Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Russian Science Academy, Prospect Oktyabrya 141, 450075, Ufa, Russia,   Ufa State Technological Petroleum University, Kosmonavtov street 1, 450062, Ufa, Russia, Koledin Sergey N. ,   Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Russian Science Academy, Prospect Oktyabrya 141, 450075, Ufa, Russia,   Ufa State Technological Petroleum University, Kosmonavtov street 1, 450062, Ufa, Russia
Published: December 2021

Isopropylbenzene (cumene) oxidation by air oxygen is intermediate stage of phenol and acetone production in cumene method. Cumene method of synthesis is currently the most wide-spread in the world to produce these two chemicals. Reaction is radical-chained and there also unwanted byproducts received along with desired ones. This reaction has been subject of study since 30th of XX century. Different authors propose different ways of chain reactions, initiation mechanisms and influence degree of different factors and parameters during process. In this paper different kinetic models of this reaction are compared and results of computations are shown.
Optical digital system for DOE computation
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Misievich Sergey K. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia, Skidanov Roman V. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia
Published: December 2021

This article considers algorithm implemented in an optoelectronic circuit. The main particularity of this algorithm is implementation in the working circuit of a part consisting of laser on the level of hardware, grey-level optical modulator of light and a diffraction pattern camera in the Fourier plane. This design allows using a laser with any initial distribution of intensity and adjusting a phase function of calculated DOE exactly for this distribution in order to decrease an error in forming a diffraction pattern of the output distribution.