bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CYTOTOXIC / CYTOSTATIC EFFECT OF CULTIVATED MUSHROOMS FLAMMULINA VELUTIPES, CYCLOCYBE AEGERITA AND HERICIUM ERINACEUS
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Vedenicheva Nina , Bisko Nina ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Kot Larysa ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Garmanchuk Liudmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ostapchenko Liudmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The use in clinical and pharmaceutical practice of biological preparations obtained from natural raw materials, in particular from mushrooms, is of urgent importance. Currently, the cultivation technologies of medicinal mushrooms are widely used, the mycelium of which contains a significant amount of cytokinins – stimulators of proliferation and differentiation of various types of plant cells, which also exhibit an immunomodulatory and oncostatic effects in the organism of animals and humans. Therefore, the aim of this work was to determine the cytotoxic/cytostatic effect of cultivated mushrooms Flammulina velutipes, Cyclocybe aegerita and Hericium erinaceus. Purification of cytokinins was carried out in stages, using methods of centrifugation, fractionation with n-butanol, ion exchange chromatography on Dowex 50Wx8 columns and thin-layer chromatography on Silicagel 60 F254. Identification and quantification of cytokinins was performed by by liquid chromatography in the reverse phase of MS (Agilent 1200 LC, USA) on an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column. Cytotoxic/cytostatic screening was performed on HeLa cells derived from human cervical cancer tumors using the MTT assay and routine counting of the ratio of live to dead cells. The results of the research showed that the highest content of cytokinins per 1 g of dry weight was characteristic of cultivated mushrooms of the species H. erinaceus. Also, H. erinaceus has the highest toxicity against human cervical cancer cells of the HeLa line, while the mushrooms F. velutipes and C. aegerita showed a cytostatic (antiproliferative) effect.
UKRAINIAN WOMEN IN CREATION OF THE UKRAINIAN WORSHIP AREA ABROAD IN THE CONDITIONS OF RUSSIAN AGGRESSION
Authors:   Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv Ukraine, KONONENKO Alla
Published: September 2023

It is shown that the war unleashed by the Russian Federation is directed against the Ukrainian people and, as with any genocide, the Russian Federation is primarily trying to erase Ukrainian identity. Unfortunately, children also suffer from this aggression. Currently, it is impossible to even imagine the long-term consequences of this demographic catastrophe for Ukraine, which has already experienced four waves of forced migration, but we have not yet known such a number of refugees among the female and child population. In view of that, many efforts should be directed to preserve Ukrainian identity abroad and to preserve life and future for our children. Women took a big role in this, mostly on a volunteer basis. The volunteer movement, primarily its forms and methods in Ukraine, should be of particular interest to researchers. Volunteer experience is an important factor in the development of non-formal education in Europe and Ukraine, as noted by Maya Dernova, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Visiting Professor of the Department of Adult Education and Lifelong Education at Augsburg University (Germany). It is emphasized that today the whole world understands how important the language of cultural diplomacy is becoming in order to oppose the pro-Russian narrative. In this information war, it is culture that becomes a soft but effective weapon. Telling about the unique qualities of Ukrainian culture and history, it unites the whole world around Ukraine, leaving no chance for the aggressor to escape responsibility. The importance of ensuring the functioning of Ukrainian schools abroad as a factor of Ukrainian cultural creation, preservation of Ukrainian identity and connection with Ukraine has been proven. The main thing is that after the victory, it is easy for the children to return and adapt to the Ukrainian education system, for the sake of their own future.
NETWORK FLOW ANALYSIS AS A METHOD OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION
Authors:   V. M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Symonov D. I.
Published: September 2023

The paper considers several methods of analyzing opportunities for optimizing supply chains. An iterative method of finding the optimal structure is proposed, considering the power of the supply chain links and the capacity of the paths between them. The theorem on the value of the maximum flow in the combined path is proved. A numerical simulation of the operation of the proposed algorithm for finding directions for the optimization of the network structure was performed.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING THE RICHARDS–KLUTE EQUATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Kolesnykov V. A.
Published: September 2023

In the work numerical methods for solving the Richards–Klute equation and methods of their construction are considered. A new method of constructing an adaptive grid in space is also proposed and numerical methods using it are constructed. A comparative analysis of the data of numerical methods in the conditions of a problem with a known analytical solution was carried out.
Earthquake Forecasting Using Big Data and Artificial Intelligence: A 30-Week Real-Time Case Study in China
Authors: Saad Omar M. , Chen Yunfeng , Savvaidis Alexandros , Fomel Sergey , Jiang Xiuxuan , Huang Dino , Oboué Yapo Abolé Serge Innocent , Yong Shanshan , Wang Xin’an , Zhang Xing , Chen Yangkang
Published: September 2023

Earthquake forecasting is one of the most challenging tasks in the field of seismology that aims to save human life and mitigate catastrophic damages. We have designed a real-time earthquake forecasting framework to forecast earthquakes and tested it in seismogenic regions in southwestern China. The input data are the features provided by the multicomponent seismic monitoring system acoustic electromagnetic to AI (AETA), in which the data are recorded using two types of sensors per station: electromagnetic (EM) and geo-acoustic (GA) sensors. The target is to forecast the location and magnitude of the earthquake that may occur next week, given the data of the current week. The proposed method is based on dimension reduction from massive EM and GA data using principal component analysis, which is followed by random-forest-based classification. The proposed algorithm is trained using the available data from 2016 to 2020 and evaluated using real-time data during 2021. As a result, the testing accuracy reaches 70%, whereas the precision, recall, and F1-score are 63.63%, 93.33%, and 75.66%, respectively. The mean absolute error of the distance and the predicted magnitude using the proposed method compared to the catalog solution are 381 km and 0.49, respectively.
Acoustic Coupling Pads for the Control of Ultrasound Neuromodulation Exposure
Authors:   , Schafer Samantha Ferrero , Lewin Peter A , Kriete Andres
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this work is to develop an experimental system that would control acoustic artifacts when evaluating the clinical outcome of the noninvasive, ultrasound administered neurostimulation. Such systems are needed to ensure the statistical significance of the results and determine the efficacy obtained when performing single- and double-blind studies. Focused ultrasound administered at low intensities (below derated ISPTA = 720 mW/cm2) and frequencies in the range 500 kHz - 750kHz has been reported to treat conditions like anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. However, the assessment of clinical efficacy and significance of the outcome requires these experiments to be performed as single- or (ideally) double-blind studies, to substantiate statistical results. This is challenging because when energized to release an acoustic pulse, ultrasound transducers generate an audible clicking sound associated with the pulse repetition frequency of the treatment protocol, thereby producing an auditory cue, and hence unfavorably interfering with the design of the study. To bypass this issue an experimental approach able to control ultrasound exposure while maintaining this auditory cue to is needed; it would have to ensure that the subjects (both sham and treated) are single blinded to the exposure condition, and simultaneously prevent the operators from inadvertently providing cues to the subject (double-blinding). Prior methods mentioned in the literature, such as disrupting the mechanical coupling between the transducer and the participant or using an "on/off" protocol, do not solve this problem. Accordingly, this research focused on an innovative approach of developing acoustic coupling pads that facilitated single-blind and double-blind experiments by selectively transmitting ultrasound into the subject without affecting the audible sound or sensations from the neurostimulation transducer. The pads developed successfully provided a blinding method to low intensity focused ultrasound neuromodulation; the testing of both transmitting and absorbing pads indicated negligible transmission loss of about 5% and acoustic pressure amplitude attenuation of about 40 dB (100 times), respectively.
Ray Bradbury’s Abiding Influence
Authors: Aukerman Jason
Published: September 2023

Ray Bradbury’s career spanned seven decades and intersected a remarkable, wide-ranging gamut of American cultural history. He was closely associated with Hollywood, where his stories and books were adapted for feature films and television. Adaptations of his work for network radio broadcasts began in 1946 and continued, both at home and abroad, until three years before his passing in 2012. For more than forty years he adapted dozens of his stories for successful stage runs in Los Angeles and occasionally for national venues. But his influence reached even broader cultural stages, writing for radio, film, television, and stage theater production. Throughout his life he defended public libraries and First Amendment rights, and eventually became one of the most prominent public advocates for space exploration. While he is most well-known for his fiction, having published more than four hundred stories and twenty-seven book-length works, including The Martian Chronicles, The Illustrated Man, The Golden Apples of the Sun, The October Country, Dandelion Wine, Something Wicked This Way Comes, and Fahrenheit 451, he also engaged real-world issues in his writing, including racial and political intolerance, freedom of the imagination, the threat of nuclear war, the need to fund the American Space program, and the vital importance of literacy.
Ray Bradbury and the “Tower of Babel,” or Why Great Literature is Good for Nothing
Authors: Kahan Jeffrey
Published: September 2023

The idea that sci-fi, at least good sci-fi, has a thinly veiled social message, that it is always addressing the now, naturally suggests that Fahrenheit 451 has a utilitarian message for its readers. That message seems straightforward enough: reading imaginative literature is good for us and good for society. This message, however, is negated by Bradbury’s own statements on literature: “The fact is, any literature whose function it is to teach, ceases to be literature as such; it becomes didactic literature, which is the color of another horse. When literature becomes obsessed by ideas as such, it is no longer literature.” While literature may have no utility, no social value, Bradbury speculates that without art, humans inevitably create a market-driven, media-dominated culture, a “nice blend of vanilla tapioca,” in which no one makes any great impression. Great literature nullifies and transcends the ordered and the ordinary; it is good for nothing because it negates everything.
Literacy is Freedom
Authors: McCray Carissa , Campbell Harley
Published: September 2023

Throughout history, books have been banned. Reasons have varied; however, the impact often remains the same. Laws and policies, violence and death often accompany destructive movements that attempt to censor individuals to ensure the group remains ignorant, docile, and obedient. Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 offers a critique of this narrative. The critique discusses and questions how the censorship of books and publicized violence control the minds and actions of many.
Within this article, there is an exploration of literary censorship in the United States targeted toward one specific group – Black Americans. From the 1730s to present-day, literacy has consistently been stymied by laws, policies, violence, and death for Black Americans. This article seeks to draw comparisons between Fahrenheit 451 and the historical patterns of censorship, as well as examine how those practices continue today.
Fahrenheit 451’s narrative is a discussion of subjugation through book censorship. Literacy continues to be blocked between the intersections of education and policy for Black Americans with systems in place to sustain subordination. It is important to understand that as Black Americans continue to strive for literacy, they are also striving for freedom.
Infectious Mononucleosis Mimicking Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): a Case Report
Authors: Akhlaghi Maassoumeh , Kazemi Kiarash , Sobhani Soheila
Published: September 2023

Infectious mononucleosis (IM), usually caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is not rare among populations. Fever, pharyngotonsilitis and lymphadenopathy are its major presentations. Since EBV mainly targets lymphomononuclear cells and the reticuloendothelial system, it might be mistaken with hematological malignancies. The case presented in this article showed a very high similarity to an acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which complicated the diagnostic work-up. The histopathological data and clinical course of IM patients are not usually distinctive; hence, early work-up for EBV-associated IM is suggested.
Convergence économique au sein de l’espace ouest-africain: L’intégration économique régionale à l’épreuve des faits
Authors: Abdo Hassan Maman , Aboube Mahaman Laouan , Mougoué Mbodja
Published: September 2023

Dans cet article nous proposons d'abord une discussion à la lumière des travaux récents sur la convergence économique ou non des pays ouest-africains qui sont dans le processus de régionalisation des échanges depuis 1975. Nous examinons, ensuite, les déterminants de la convergence en prenant appui sur une analyse économétrique spatiale de tous ces États sur la période 1990-2021. Les résultats obtenus font ressortir que les économies sont globalement et fortement divergentes ; les convergences absolue et conditionnelle n'étant pas réalisées. Mais trois clubs de convergence ont été décelés, avec le Sénégal qui fait bande à part. Le taux d'investissement, les dépenses publiques, le taux d'inflation, la parité du pouvoir d'achat, le taux d'ouverture commerciale, le taux de scolarisation et le taux de croissance démographique, variables structurelles de contrôle, ont joué un rôle important dans l'appréciation de la vitesse et du niveau de divergence des économies ouest-africaines. Ceci a mis en évidence les écarts des revenus par tête, le retard dans les mécanismes intégrateurs et les effets des chocs auxquels ces économies sont soumises.
Modèle d'élasticité de prix/demande du point de vue bayésien: le cas d'une entreprise de détail chilienne
Authors: González Camilo
Published: September 2023

Ce projet présente les données d'une entreprise chilienne de détail pour modeler l'élasticité d'un point de vue bayésien. L'élasticité mesure le comportement des produits sur la base des prix et de la demande. Elle peut être obtenue à travers des régressions linéaires du logarithme des prix et les unités vendues. Le problème se pose avec les réductions, les jours spéciaux, etc. Cette relation temporelle provoque des biais dans les estimations que l'entreprise compense en réalisant une chaîne de régressions. La statistique Bayésienne fixe une distribution pour les paramètres, et ensuite, avec la plausibilité, utilise la règle de Bayes pour obtenir une distribution a posteriori. Le projet utilise une a priori Normal-Gamma- -Inverse pour spécifier le modèle de régression linéaire. Pour l'application, on obtient les élasticités au niveau de ligne à travers le modèle classique et les élasticités de produit avec le modèle bayésien, en incorporant l'information de la ligne. A travers un t-test on conclut que la moyenne des élasticités de la chaîne ne diffère pas de celles obtenues par le modèle bayésien. Par conséquent, en complémentant les deux points de vue, on obtient de bons résultats qui peuvent être utilisés dans le commerce.
Can plethysmography have a greater place in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of chronic venous insufficiency?
Authors: TANER Temmuz , GUVEN Hakan
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is one of the most common venous diseases. CVI is an important clinical picture with a high prevalence, low quality of life, and high diagnosis and treatment costs. Therefore, diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment are important for the patient's socioeconomic and life quality. In this study, we aimed to better examine a test used in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of CVI.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 683 patients diagnosed with CVI, who had endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) indications were evaluated between June 2013 and November 2018. EVLA procedure performed on all patients. Preoperative, postoperative 1st and 6th month Doppler USG (ultrasonography), plethysmography, and VCSS (Venous Clinical Severity Score) questionnaire was made to all patients.
Results: As a result of our study, we found that there was a significant difference between the preoperative plethysmography and VCSS results of the patients and the postoperative 1st and 6th month results. With the significant difference in the VCSS questionnaire, we have shown that plethysmography gives accurate results in the diagnosis and treatment of CVI since it is an individual, quantitative, and easy test.
Conclusions: EVLA is an effective and safe method in patients with venous insufficiency. Since Doppler USG is person and device dependent, we think that plethysmography, which can be used in every clinical setting and provides quantitative results independent of the person, can be used more frequently in the diagnosis and treatment of venous insufficiency. In addition, we think that plethysmography can be used as a valuable additional method in the diagnosis and follow-up of such patients, due to the venous hemodynamic data that Doppler USG cannot provide.
Low-cost nutrient-dense composite flours for children aged 1-5 years developed from locally available foods
Authors:   Makerere University, Birungi SW , Mugabi R , Nabubuya A , Mukisa IM , Wambete J , Tibagonzeka EJ
Published: September 2023

Childhood malnutrition persists in low-income countries due to inadequate diet diversity and nutrient density. For seasonal crops, consumers make food substitutions based on price variations which has dietary implications and can cause episodes of nutritional deficiencies. Locally available foodstuffs can be used to formulate low-cost nutritionally adequate food mixtures. Design-Expert® and Nutrisurvey software were used to generate nutrient-dense formulations for the dry season (n=2) and wet season (n=5) from low-cost locally available foods in Eastern Uganda (sweet potatoes, sorghum, soybeans, beans, sesame, groundnuts and maize). Composite flours of the formulations were prepared and cooked following the World Food Program (WFP) recommendations and consumer acceptability determined using a consumer panel (n=43). The most acceptable formulation for the dry season (D2) and the most acceptable formulation for the wet season (R5) were selected for the determination of functional properties (dispersibility, bulk density and water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI)), pasting properties (peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity and peak time), color and nutrient density (energy content, sugars, starch, protein, crude fat, fiber, ash, iron and zinc). D2 contained 25.35g of sorghum, 1.31g of soybeans, 4.34g of beans, 33.11g of sesame and 35.89g of groundnuts per 100g of formulation. R5 contained 4.95g of maize, 20.98g of sorghum, 5.49g of beans, 29.39g of sesame and 39.19g of groundnuts per 100g of formulation. The nutrient densities of D2 and R5 when cooked according to WFP recommendations were also determined. D2 and R5 had high dispersibility (77.2-76.8%), low water absorption index (1.7-2.0g/g) and high water solubility index (0.2-0.3g/g). The pasting properties indicated that the formulations form stable low viscosity pastes that can withstand breakdown during cooking and have high resistance to retrogradation on cooling. Cooked D2 (100g) contained 87.2kcal, 9.5g starch, 2.3g sugars, 5.8g protein, 1.6g fat, 1.7g fiber, 2.3mg iron and 1.6mg zinc. Cooked R5 (100g) had 71.4kcal, 7.1g starch, 2.6g sugars, 4.2g protein, 0.9g fat, 1.0g fiber, 1.9mg iron and 1.4mg zinc. The cooked samples provided more than 50% of the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) for children aged 1-5 years for protein and zinc per serving (200g for children aged 1-3 years and 250g for children aged 4-5 years). Adopting formulations developed in this study can potentially contribute to reducing undernutrition in children aged 1-5 years. Key words: Low-cost nutrient-dense foods, composite flours, infant feeding, pasting properties, malnutrition
English Teachers' Perceptions of a Language Assessment Literacy Course
Authors: Giraldo Frank , Escalante-Villa Daniela , Isaza-Palacio Daniela
Published: September 2023

Language assessment literacy has gained recent attention in the field of language testing, particularly on teachers’ profile. However, the literature on LAL is limited regarding teachers’ perceptions of language assessment courses. In this paper, we used a case study method to characterize the perceptions of eighteen English language teachers into three components of an online assessment course: contents, activities, and impact on their professional development. For data collection, we used a questionnaire and a focus group interview. Findings indicate that the teachers perceived course contents as organized, relevant, and useful; they also considered test analysis and collaborative tasks as valuable. Regarding professional development, the teachers explained that test-analysis tasks made them aware of their mistakes in assessment. Finally, the teachers suggested that the course raised their awareness of what language assessment is and does. Based on these results, we provide recommendations for LAL courses elsewhere.
Research and analysis of the operation of vehicles with various propulsion systems, including costs and CO2 emissions
Authors: Lasota Michał Krzysztof , Zabielska Aleksandra , Jacyna Marianna , Żak Jolanta
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes and evaluates costs, transport time and CO2 emissions by selected vans. The research was carried out on the example of three models of Iveco Daily vehicles powered by: diesel oil, electricity and compressed natural gas (CNG). The result of the research presented in the article is the determination of the operating costs of vehicles powered by various energy sources and the level of CO2 emissions. The comparative analysis was carried out on real data for the established transport task. Vehicles with engines powered by compressed natural gas are characterized by the highest savings in terms of transport costs. As the authors pointed out, this may be due to the fact that this type of engines, despite the low interest of buyers at the moment, may gain much more popularity in the future. On the other hand, in relation to vehicles with electric motors, the cost of transport is the highest, which means that this type of technology is ineffective in relation to long-distance transport.
Development of the university’s reputation mechanism
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University, Pokrovskaya Oksana D.
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The paper explores the new role of business reputation in the formation of competitiveness of a modern university. Methods: Open Internet data, tools of ecosystem and project approach, methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics and innovation management were used. Results: The definition of “business reputation” and “goodwill” of the university was analyzed. It is shown that the reputation mechanism of the university in the context of a new geopolitical agenda and challenges to national technological sovereignty can and should become an applied tool for the transformation of domestic universities in all development tracks. Practical significance: a graphical model of the university's reputation mechanism is proposed as a set of measures to build a sustainable impact model of the university based on ecology, social policy and corporate governance. The implementation of the activities of the reputation mechanism will become a driver for the key tracks of the university’s policies and projects based on, on the one hand, media activity (both individual employees and departments, and the rector), and increasing the added value of services on the other hand.
Artificial intelligence as a source of “existential risk”: the problem of self-identification of society and the individual in a global virtual space
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Pashkova Nataliya V.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the problem of human existence in the conditions of the growing influence of artificial intelligence on the social environment, as well as the position of the individual, putting him in a situation of “existential survival”. The historical moment of the situation is unprecedented: society has never faced such challenges before. The task of the modern generation is to acquire the experience of life in the new world, without losing its human essence. The purpose of this article is to determine the prospects for the development of the individual in the context of the global virtual space. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were implemented: identified and analyzed the essential features of the new era of artificial intelligence; the main provisions of transhumanism are considered as one of the representative scientific and philosophical concepts aimed at understanding the impact of artificial intelligence on the global historical process; analyzed “three dangers” of challenge for a person existing in the virtual world. The theoretical sources of the article were the results of scientific research in the field of artificial intelligence, specializing in the problem of implementation and application of high technologies in various social spheres. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical approach, as well as the method of historical analysis.
Subject training
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Kupavtsev Anatoly V.
Published: September 2023

The ability to act in the subject world of human existence and the cognitive world of cognition is not genetically transmitted, but is absorbed lifetime, subjectively, which is the fundamental basis of all learning. A person, filling the content with the position of personal and professional self-development, masters the social experience of activity in subject self-study. The necessary conditions for assimilating public experience in subject learning are formulated, illustrated by examples.
Attitude and perception of sociology students and undergraduates towards their chosen profession and future career
Authors:   Yaroslavl State University n.a. P.G. Demidov, Kushnarev Filipp Yu.
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the attitude of sociology students towards their chosen specialty and future profession. The author conducted a sociological study among students studying sociology in leading universities of the country. It was found that girls, unlike boys, rely on the advice of their family, relatives, and friends when choosing their field of study and university. It was also established that master's students, unlike undergraduate students, rely primarily on the advice of friends and acquaintances when choosing their field of study and university, rather than the opinions of their family and relatives. Only about one third of the students believe that the profession of ‘sociologist’ is in demand on the job market. Thus, the majority of students believe that the knowledge, skills, and abilities obtained in the university correspond to the requirements of the modern market. It has been found that the quality of education in the university affects the attitude towards the chosen specialty and future profession. The lower the quality of teaching at the university, the more likely it is that the sociology student will become disappointed in the chosen specialty and profession. It has been established that only a small proportion of students who (unconsciously) enrolled in the sociology program decided to work in the field after completing their studies. It has been established that male students, unlike female students, strive to secure more prestigious (status-oriented) jobs in government or municipal service after graduation, despite their lower pay. For them, status is more important than money. On the other hand, female students aim to get jobs that are not necessarily prestigious, but better paying (such as firms conducting marketing research, etc.). For senior-level students and master’s degree students in sociology, the most important aspect of their future job as a sociologist is the opportunity to influence important decisions in their region or country. First year students aspire to become sociologists mainly because it is a well-compensated profession. Measures aimed at improving career guidance activities are proposed.
Preference of motives in choosing a profession by students of Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Authors:   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Shelomentseva Olga V. , Nazina Catherine S. , Mazmanian Elen N. , Timofeeva Svetlana I.
Published: September 2023

Choosing a profession is one of the most important and critical moments in personal development. The purpose of the study was to determine the leading type of motive in choosing a profession among second-year students of the KrasSMU. We found that 60% of respondents preferred to make a choice of profession based on internal socially significant motives. In decreasing order of preference indicators, the following sequence was observed: internal individually significant motives, external positive and external negative. Internal individually significant motives in terms of high significance for the respondents took the second place — 39%. The external positive motive was preferred to be highly rated when choosing a profession — 17%, and external negative motives were preferred by 5%. The types of motives chosen by the respondents are not static. In order to maintain the correct choice of a profession associated with internal socially significant motives, as well as changing preferences for external positive and negative motives, we suggest that teachers actively use incentives and motivations, such as: regular monitoring of knowledge in the form of an oral answer at each lesson; solving situational problems from clinical practices in theoretical departments; performing creative tasks (layouts, posters, diagrams, creating videos on the topic under study) to develop existing abilities and acquire new skills, participation in research activities of departments, presentations at scientific and practical conferences with the results of research, i.e. using existing and development of new skills for the formation of an active, developing personality of a professional doctor.
Clinical characteristics of patients with the hardware failure after surgical stabilization of rib fractures in Korea: a case series
Authors: Lee Na Hyeon , Kim Sun Hyun , Kim Seon Hee , Ryu Dong Yeon , Lee Sang Bong , Park Chan Ik , Kim Hohyun , Kim Gil Hwan , Kim Youngwoong , Cho Hyun Min
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) is widely used in patients with flail chests, and several studies have reported the efficacy of SSRF even in multiple rib fractures. However, few reports have discussed the hardware failure (HF) of implanted plates. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with HF after SSRF and further investigate the related factors. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent SSRF for multiple rib fractures at a level I trauma center in Korea between January 2014 and January 2021. We defined HF as the unintentional loosening of screws, dislocation, or breakage of the implanted plates. The baseline characteristics, surgical outcomes, and types of HF were assessed. Results: During the study period, 728 patients underwent SSRF, of whom 80 (10.9%) were diagnosed with HF. The mean age of HF patients was 56.5±13.6 years, and 66 (82.5%) were men. There were 59 cases (73.8%) of screw loosening, 21 (26.3%) of plate breakage, 17 (21.3%) of screw migration, and seven (8.8%) of plate dislocation. Nine patients (11.3%) experienced wound infection, and 35 patients (43.8%) experienced chronic pain. A total of 21 patients (26.3%) underwent reoperation for plate removal. The patients in the reoperation group were significantly younger, had fewer fractures and plates, underwent costal fixation, and had a longer follow-up. There were no significant differences in subjective chest symptoms or lung capacity.Conclusions: HF after SSRF occurred in 10.9% of the cases, and screw loosening was the most common. Further longitudinal studies are needed to identify risk factors for SSRF failure.
The Experiences of Nutrition Fulfillment in Mothers with a History of Anemia During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Rahmawati Syoifa , Widiasih Restuning , Maryati Ida , Hermayanti Yanti , Ermiati Ermiati , Natasya Windy
Published: September 2023

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is one of the most common disorders, especially in middle and poor economic countries, including Indonesia. Anemia is closely related to nutrition consumed during pregnancy.
Objectives: This research aimed to explore the experience of nutritional fulfillment in pregnant women with a history of anemia during pregnancy.
Methods: The research used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with inclusion criteria, so a sample of 20 pregnant women with a history of anemia was obtained. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data analysis used the Colaizzi method.
Results: The results showed five themes: lack of intake and diversification of food types during pregnancy; food processing with hot temperatures and dry intensity reduces the nutritional value of food; choosing the type of food without knowing its benefits can affect health; several types of vegetables, fruit, and protein are dietary restrictions during pregnancy; and non-compliance in consuming Fe tablets regularly. Fulfillment of nutritional status is essential for pregnant women and must be fulfilled thoroughly so that anemia does not occur during pregnancy.
Conclusions: Mothers' lack of knowledge and inability to care for themselves during pregnancy. Lack of information, starting from the selection, processing, and consumption of food during pregnancy, can increase the mother's health risks, including anemia. Pregnant women must improve prenatal care to get education about fulfilling nutrition during pregnancy.
Nutrition Fact Literacy in Productive Age Communities in Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Aprianti Aprianti , Mubarokah Kismi , Yuantari MG Catur , Rahma Nis Syifa’ur
Published: September 2023

Background: Lack of attention to reading nutritional value information labels on packaged food can harm one's health, such as an increased risk of obesity and degenerative diseases. The results of a study by the National Consumer Protection Agency stated that only 6.7% of consumers in Indonesia paid attention to nutritional value information labels.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between demographic characteristics and nutritional value information literacy.
Methods: This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on Semarang City residents aged 15-65. The sample size used the Slovin formula so that a minimum sample size of 1,029 respondents was selected using multistage random sampling based on characteristics of educational level and social status. The relationship between nutrition fact literacy and demographic characteristics was used using the Chi-square statistical test, and the relationship between nutrition fact literacy and body mass index using the Spearman rank statistical test.
Results: The study showed that nutrition fact literacy was still problematic, 96.1%. Respondents have normal nutritional status, as much as 64.1%. Factors related to nutrition fact literacies were educational level (p=0.039, OR=1.968) and occupation (p=0.002, OR=4.668). Demographic variables unrelated are domicile, gender, marital status, and residence status. There is no relationship between nutrition fact literacy and nutritional status.
Conclusions: Respondents with low nutritional value information literacy live in rural areas, are married, live with their families, have a low level of education, and do work, not in the health sector.
Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Cepat Saji dan Frekuensi Pemesanan Makanan Online dengan Obesitas Sentral pada Siswa SMA di Yogyakarta
Authors: Nugraeni Theresia Avila Early , Nai Hildagardis Meliyani Erista , Maria Rijantono Franciscus
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Remaja berisiko mengalami masalah kesehatan, salah satunya obesitas sentral. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi obesitas sentral adalah konsumsi makanan cepat saji. Akses makanan cepat saji mudah melalui online food delivery selama masa pandemi COVID-19.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji dan frekuensi pemesanan makanan online dengan obesitas sentral pada siswa SMA di Kota Yogyakarta.
Metode: Besar sampel penelitian sejumlah 219 orang dari 8 Sekolah Menegah Atas. Teknik sampling menggunakan multistage sampling. Pengumpulan data karaktersitik sampel, frekuensi makanan cepat saji dan pemesanan makanan online menggunakan Google Form, lingkar perut diukur secara langsung menggunakan metline.  Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square dan Fisher Exact.
Hasil: Sebagian besar sampel adalah perempuan (60,3%), berusia <17 tahun (64,4%), pendapatan <Rp 1.000.000 (90,9%), aktivitas fisik <30 menit/hari (79,9%). Frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji sering (≥3 kali/minggu) (81,3%) dan frekuensi pemesanan makanan online jarang (<3 kali/minggu) (71,7%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji dan pemesanan makanan online dengan obesitas sentral (p>0,05) dan ada hubungan antara asupan energi makanan cepat saji dengan obesitas sentral (p<0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara asupan energi makanan cepat saji dengan obesitas sentral (p<0,05).
Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan cepat saji dan pemesanan makanan online dengan obesitas sentral pada remaja SMA di Kota Yogyakarta.
Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Bahan Makanan terhadap Daya Terima dan Kadar Protein Cookies Sebagai PMT untuk Balita Stunting
Authors: Rumida Rumida , Bakara Tiar Lince , Manalu Mincu , Siahaan Ginta
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan gagal tumbuh kembang yang terjadi akibat gizi masa lampau dan hampir 25% anak balita diseluruh dunia mengalaminya. Word Health Organitation 2018 menetapkan kejadian stunting di dunia <20%, sedangkan di Indonesia sebesar 30,8%. Cookies berupa camilan disukai semua golongan umur dan dapat diberikan dalam mengentaskan kejadian stunting, dapat diolah dari berbagai bahan makanan yang kaya kandungan protein.
Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui daya terima cookies dan kandungan protein yang berpotensi sebagai makanan tambahan anak stunting.
Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk 5 perlakuan, dibedakan menjadi  formulasi A,B,C,D dan E dengan pengulangan 3 kali. Uji organoleptik produk cookies meliputi warna, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur serta daya terima berdasarkan tingkat kesukaan memakai skala hedonik, menggunakan panelis 25 orang dengan kriteria panelis semi terlatih. Uji daya terima juga dilakukan pada anak balita stunting sebanyak 15 orang dengan menggunakan uji Comstoc (sisa makanan). Analisis data menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance (Anova), dilanjutkan dengan metode Duncan. Formulasi cookies yang terpilih di uji kandungan protein dengan metode Kjehdal.
Hasil: Hasil uji Anova, cookies yang berpengaruh secara signifikan pada tingkat kesukaan aspek aroma (p=0,011) dan mengandung zat gizi prorein 12,91 gram. Hasil uji Duncan, perbedaan nyata terlihat pada aspek rasa dan aroma (perlakuan C dan A).
Kesimpulan: Hasil formulasi dan karakteristik sifat sensorik cookies untuk warna, tekstur, rasa, aroma, paling disukai perlakuan A mengandung protein yang lebih tinggi serta memberikan kontribusi kecukupan anak balita usia 3-5 tahun sebesar 57,37%.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif
Authors: Naufal Firyal Faris , Indita Hafifah Rahmi , Muniroh Lailatul
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Pemberian air susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif disebabkan beberapa faktor, secara global masih pada angka yang rendah. Beberapa studi pada masyarakat Tengger, 79% Ibu memberikan kolostrum, namun 60% tidak berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif. Studi lain menunjukkan prevalensi ASI eksklusif pada balita Tengger sebesar 38%.
Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan Ibu dan dukungan keluarga dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada anak usia bawah dua tahun (Baduta) di Suku Tengger.
Metode: Penelitian bersifat observasional analitik, desain studi case-control. Pembuatan proposal dimulai bulan Februari dan penelitian selesai bulan Juli 2022 dengan besar sampel 57 Ibu baduta, 28 Ibu kelompok kontrol serta 29 Ibu kelompok kasus dengan metode total sampling berlokasi di Suku Tengger, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Wawancara dan kuesioner sebagai pengumpulan data.
Hasil: Usia Ibu antara 20-34 tahun dengan pengetahuan baik (67,9%) dan dukungan keluarga yang baik (75%) dari kelompok kontrol. Pengetahuan Ibu dengan pemberian Air Susu Ibu eksklusif berhubungan negatif sangat lemah (r=-0,05). Dukungan keluarga dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif positif sangat lemah (r=0,139). Pada variabel dukungan keluarga terdapat dukungan emosional (r=0,41) hasil positif cukup kuat, informasional (r=0,228) hasil positif sangat lemah, penilaian (r=208) hasil positif sangat lemah, dan instrumental (r=0,15) hasil negatif sangat lemah. Hasil didapatkan melalui uji korelasi Spearman.
Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi pengetahuan Ibu maka semakin lemah mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif. Semakin besar dukungan keluarga akan semakin kuat mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif. Pengetahuan Ibu dan peran keluarga bisa memberikan pengaruh terkait pentingnya ASI eksklusif.
The Effect of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) Extract on Macrophage and Blood Vessel Counts in Clean Wound Tissue of Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Nidya Ulfana Tsania  , Willy Sandhika  , Sawitri
Published: September 2023

Highlights :

Cabbage extract application accelerates wound healing and has anti-inflammatory effect.
Cabbage extract serves as an affordable source material for wound healing and anti-inflammation.

Abstract
Cabbage is a widely consumed vegetable known for its health benefits due to its rich nutrients and phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds, which are known to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cabbage extract on wound healing by observing inflammatory responses in wound tissue. A total of 24 male rats were divided into four groups, with six rats in each group. The experiment was conducted for five days by administering cabbage extract to the treatment group and distilled water to the control group. Skin wound tissues were collected from all rats for histological observation by counting the number of macrophages and blood vessels. The results of the observation were analyzed statistically using an independent sample t-test with p<0.05. The results showed that the number of macrophages and blood vessels in the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group on the third day and significantly lower on the fifth day. In conclusion, the administration of cabbage extract can accelerate the inflammatory and proliferative phases of wound healing by promoting the migration of cells, including macrophages, resulting in accelerated angiogenesis. In addition, the decreased number of macrophages and blood vessels during the proliferative phase showed that the healing phase had reached a more advanced stage.
Selected Vegetables and Spices Improve DNA Quality and Histopathological Abnormalities in Roof Rats (Rattus rattus) Exposed to Cement Dust
Authors: Yahaya Tajudeen Olanrewaju , Salisu Titilola , Musa Mohammed , Abdulrazaq Izuafa  , Chidiebere Obi  , Samuel Ribah  , Suleiman Abubakar
Published: September 2023

Highlights:
1. This study identified feasible and affordable alternatives to ineffective conventional cement production pollution control strategies.2.M. oleifera, H. sabdariffa, T. occidentalis, and Z. officinale are effective as personal interventions to ameliorate the effects of cement pollution. 
Abstract
Conventional pollution control strategies in the cement industry have proven ineffective. As a result, effective and targeted complementary interventions are necessary. This study used roof rats (Rattus rattus) inhabiting the premises of a cement plant in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria, to evaluate the ameliorative effects of moringa (Moringa oleifera), roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa), fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis), and ginger (Zingiber officinale) on cement dust exposure. A total of 42 rats were divided into seven groups, with each group consisting of six rats. Group 1 served as the negative control group and was not exposed to any substances, while group 2 served as the positive control group and received standard feed throughout the experiment. Meanwhile, groups 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 served as the experimental group. Rats in these groups were fed with 400 mg/kg of ethanolic extracts of Z. officinale, M. oleifera, T. occidentalis, H. sabdariffa, and a mixture of the four extracts with a composition of 1:1:1:1, respectively, for 90 days. The plasma DNA concentrations, DNA purity, and lungs of the rats were examined before and after the experiment. Prior to the experiment, the exposed rats had higher plasma DNA concentrations and lower DNA purity, as well as severe fibrosis and congested alveoli in their lungs, compared to the unexposed rats. At the end of the experiment, the experimental groups showed a significant increase in DNA purity (p≤0.05) and a decline in plasma DNA concentrations compared to the positive control group. In addition, the experimental groups showed fewer histopathological abnormalities than the positive control group. The mixture of the extracts yielded the most favorable results, followed by the extracts of Z. officinale, M. oleifera, T. occidentalis, and H. sabdariffa, respectively. These findings suggested that the selected vegetables and spices have the properties to ameliorate the effects of cement dust exposure. Therefore, individuals residing in close proximity to cement plants are encouraged to consume these vegetables and spices.