bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential of Community Resources in Empowerment Blocks and Special Region in AwotaProduction Forest Management Units in Supporting Social Forestry Activities: A Case Study in Indonesia
Authors: n Hasanuddi , h Hikma , a Nirwan , Latifah Husnah
Published: November 2022

A Forest Management Unit (FMU) is a forest management area in accordance with its main functions and designations that can be managed efficiently and sustainably, as mandated in Law no. 41 of 1999 on forestry. The existence of communities in forest areas with all the potential resources that have been owned and managed so far will certainly have implications for forest management activities in the field. This paper aims to provide information about the potential resources owned by farming communities in empowerment blocks and certain areas in the KPHP Awota Model area in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research was conducted in September 2016 - January 2017. Data collection was carried out through Observation, Resources Mapping, Indepth Interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and documentation studies with groups of farming communities in and around forest areas in empowerment blocks or certain regional blocks. The results showed that the potential resources of the farming community in the empowerment block and certain areas include land resources, human resources, financial resources (farmers' capital resources), and norms or farmer institutional resources. Based on this potential: KPHP Model Awota as forest manager at the site level can collaborate with the community through a social forestry scheme with a partnership pattern in empowerment blocks and certain areas.
Screening of three-way crossbred combination and genetic effect analysis of the SNP in the CLPG gene in meat sheep
Authors: Wang Jian Tao , Wang Guo Sen , Gong Yuan Fang , Qiao Xian , Li Xiang , Wang Gui Zhu , Zheng Ying Zhen , Lv Jian Guo , Li Xiang Long , Liu Zheng Zhu
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In order to promote the rapid development of the meat sheep
industry, a three-way crossbred combination experiment was carried
out with Australian White, Dorper, and Charollais sheep as terminal male
parents and the elite F1 hybrids of Australian White × Small-tailed Han (Han), Dorper × Han, and Charollais × Han
as female parents, which was based on the screening of a two-way crossbred
combination in meat sheep. The growth performance of six groups of three-way
crossbred combinations and Han lambs was measured and analyzed, and the
effect of a polymorphism in the CLPG gene on the growth performance of three-way
crossbred lambs was also studied. The results showed that under
the same rearing conditions, weight at 3 and 6 months of age and average daily
gain from birth to 3 months and from 3 to 6 months of age were all the
largest for Australian × (Charollais × Han) crossbred
lambs. They were significantly or extremely significant different from the
other three-way crossbred combinations and Han lambs (P<0.05, P<0.01). The body height, body length, chest girth, and cannon bone
circumference at 3 months of age and body length, chest girth, and cannon
bone circumference at 6 months of age were also the largest for Australian × (Charollais × Han) crossbred lambs. Among them, body
length, chest girth, and cannon bone circumference at 3 months of age were
significantly different from the other three-way crossbred combinations and
Han lambs (P<0.05), and body length, chest girth, and cannon bone
circumference at 6 months of age were significantly or extremely significant
different from the other three-way crossbred combinations and Han lambs (P<0.05, P<0.01). The potential genetic effects of the CLPG gene on the growth
performance indicators of three-way crossbred lambs showed that a mutation
site (g.232C > T) of this gene had two genotypes: CC and CT. Among them,
the data of body weights and body sizes from CT genotype individuals at birth,
3 months old, and 6 months old were significantly higher than those of CC
genotype individuals, and some indicators showed significant or extremely
significant differences (P<0.05, P<0.01), suggesting that
higher growth performance was observed in individuals with T alleles. To sum up, the crossbred combination of Australian × (Charollais × Han) could be suggested as the optimal choice. The T
allele of the CLPG gene showed potential advantages in the performance of meat
production in meat sheep. Based on the current results, we recommend that
the offspring of Australian × (Charollais × Han) with the
T allele should be preferentially utilized for meat sheep production.
Satellite measurements of plumes from the 2021 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent
Authors: Taylor Isabelle A. , Grainger Roy G. , Prata Andrew T. , Proud Simon R. , Mather Tamsin A. , Pyle David M.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Satellite instruments play a valuable role in detecting, monitoring and characterising emissions of ash and gas into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions. Plumes of ash and sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the April 2021 eruption of La Soufrière volcano on St Vincent in the Eastern Caribbean were observed by a multiple satellite instruments. This study looks at these plumes with two satellite instruments: the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on the MetOp platforms. Using true and false colour images, and brightness temperature difference images produced from the ABI data, a minimum of 32 eruptive events were identified. The ABI images were used to determine the approximate start and end times and character of each event. In this way the eruption has been divided into four phases: (1) an initial explosive event, (2) a sustained event lasting over nine hours, (3) a pulsatory phase with 23 explosive events in a 54 hour period and (4) a waning sequence of explosive events. The IASI instrument was used to study the dispersion of SO2 from this eruption. The results showed a highly complex structure to the plume, in terms of the column amounts and height, which is likely linked to the multiple explosive events. The SO2 is shown to have largely been emitted between 13 and 19 km. This was primarily in the upper troposphere and around the height of the tropopause, but with some emission into the stratosphere. The SO2 was transported around the globe with parts of the plume reaching as far as 45° S and 45° N. The largest SO2 atmospheric burden measured with IASI was 0.31±0.09 Tg, recorded on the 13 April 2021 (descending orbits). The SO2 masses were converted into fluxes. The SO2 flux was shown to peak on 10 April and then shown to decrease over time. By summing the IASI SO2 flux results, it is estimated that a total of 0.57±0.44 Tg of SO2 was emitted to the atmosphere. However, due to the limitations associated with the retrieval this should be considered a minimum estimate of the total mass of SO2 emitted. An average e-folding time of 7.09±5.70 days was computed based on the IASI SO2 results: similar to other tropical eruptions of this magnitude. There are a number of similarities between the 1979 and 2021 eruptions at La Soufrière. For example, both eruptions consisted of a series of explosive events with varied heights including some emission into the stratosphere. The similarities between the 1979 and 2021 highlight the importance of studying these eruptions to be prepared for future activity.
A comparative evaluation of snowflake particle shape estimation techniques used by the Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP), Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC), and Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD)
Authors: Helms Charles Nelson , Munchak Stephen Joseph , Tokay Ali , Pettersen Claire
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Measurements of snowflake particle shape are important for studying snow microphysics. While a number of instruments exist that are capable of measuring particle shape, this study focuses on the measurement techniques of three digital video disdrometers: the Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP), the Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC), and the Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD). To gain a better understanding of the relative strengths and weaknesses of these instruments and to provide a foundation upon which comparisons can be made between studies using data from different instruments, we perform a comparative analysis of the shape measurement algorithms employed by each of the three instruments by applying the algorithms to snowflake images captured by PIP during the ICE-POP 2018 field campaign. Our analysis primarily focuses on the measurement of the aspect ratio of either the particle itself, in the case of PIP and MASC, or of the particle bounding box, in the case of PIP and 2DVD. Both PIP and MASC use shape-fitting algorithms to measure aspect ratio. While our analysis of the MASC aspect ratio suggests that the measurements are reliable, our findings indicate that both the ellipse and rectangle aspect ratios produced by PIP underperformed considerably due to the shortcomings of the PIP shape-fitting techniques. We also demonstrate that reliable measurements of aspect ratio can be retrieved from PIP by reprocessing the raw PIP images using either the MASC ellipse-fitting algorithm or a tensor-based ellipse-fitting algorithm. Because of differences in instrument design, 2DVD produces measurements of particle horizontal and vertical extent rather than length and width. Furthermore, the 2DVD measurements of particle horizontal extent can be contaminated by horizontal particle motion. Our findings indicate that, although the correction technique used to remove the horizontal motion contamination performs remarkably well with snowflakes despite being designed for use with raindrops, the 2DVD measurements of particle horizontal extent are less reliable than those measured by PIP.
Comparison of OCO-2 target observations to MUCCnet – is it possible to capture urban XCO2 gradients from space?
Authors: Rißmann Maximilian , Chen Jia , Osterman Gregory , Zhao Xinxu , Dietrich Florian , Makowski Moritz , Hase Frank , Kiel Matthäus
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In this paper, we compare Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (DMF) of CO2
(XCO2) and its urban–rural differences against ground-based remote sensing data measured by the Munich Urban Carbon Column network
(MUCCnet). Since April 2020, OCO-2 has regularly conducted target observations in Munich, Germany. Its target-mode data provide high-resolution
XCO2 within a 15 km × 20 km target field of view that is greatly suited for carbon emission studies from space
in cities and agglomerated areas. OCO-2 detects urban XCO2 with a root mean square different (RMSD) of less than 1 ppm when compared to the MUCCnet reference
site. OCO-2 target XCO2 is biased high against the ground-based measurements. The close proximity of MUCCnet's five fully automated
remote sensing sites enables us to compare spaceborne and ground-based XCO2 in three urban areas of Munich separately (center, north,
and west) by dividing the target field into three smaller comparison domains. Due to this more constrained collocation, we observe improved
agreement between spaceborne and ground-based XCO2 in all three comparison domains. For the first time, XCO2 gradients within one OCO-2 target field of view are evaluated against ground-based measurements. We compare
XCO2 gradients in the OCO-2 target observations to gradients captured by collocated MUCCnet sites. Generally, OCO-2 detects elevated
XCO2 in the same regions as the ground-based monitoring network. More than 90 % of the observed spaceborne gradients have the same
orientation as the XCO2 gradients measured by MUCCnet. During our study, urban–rural enhancements are found to be in the range of 0.1 to
1 ppm. The low urban–rural gradients of typically well below 1 ppm in Munich during our study allow us to test OCO-2's lower
detection limits for intra-urban XCO2 gradients. Urban XCO2 gradients recorded by the OCO-2 instruments and MUCCnet are
strongly correlated (R2=0.68) with each other and have an RMSD of 0.32 ppm. A case study, which includes a comparison of one OCO-2
target overpass to WRF-GHG modeled XCO2, reveals a similar distribution of enhanced CO2 column abundances in Munich. In this
study, we address OCO-2's capability to detect small-scale spatial XCO2 differences within one target observation. Our results suggest
OCO-2's potential to assess anthropogenic emissions from space.
Effects of water table level and nitrogen deposition on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine peatland
Authors: Zhang Wantong , Hu Zhengyi , Audet Joachim , Davidson Thomas A. , Kang Enze , Kang Xiaoming , Li Yong , Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Jinzhi
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Alpine peatlands are recognized as a major natural contributor to the
budgets of atmospheric methane (CH4) but as a weak nitrous oxide
(N2O) source. Anthropogenic activities and climate change have put
these fragile nitrogen (N)-limited peatlands under pressure by altering
water table (WT) levels and enhancing N deposition. The response of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from these peatlands to these changes is
uncertain. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a mesocosm experiment
in 2018 and 2019 investigating individual and interactive effects of three
WT levels (WT−30, 30 cm below soil surface; WT0, 0 cm at the soil
surface; WT10, 10 cm above soil surface) and multiple levels of N
deposition (0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 kgNha-1yr-1) on growing
season CH4 and N2O emissions in the Zoige alpine peatland,
Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. We found that the elevated WT levels increased
CH4 emissions, while N deposition had nonlinear effects (with
stimulation at moderate levels but inhibition at higher levels). In
contrast no clear pattern of the effect of WT levels on the cumulative
N2O emissions was evident, while N deposition led to a consistent and
linear increase (emission factor: 2.3 %–2.8 %), and this was dependent
on the WT levels. Given the current N deposition in the Zoige alpine
peatland (1.08–17.81 kg N ha−1), our results suggested that
the CH4 and N2O emissions from the alpine peatlands could greatly
increase in response to the possible doubling N deposition in the future. We
believe that our results provide insights into how interactions between
climate change and human disturbance will alter CH4 and N2O
emissions from this globally important habitat.
A process-based model for quantifying the effects of canal blocking on water table and CO2 emissions in restored tropical peatlands
Authors: Urzainki Iñaki , Palviainen Marjo , Hökkä Hannu , Persch Sebastian , Chatellier Jeffrey , Wang Ophelia , Mahardhitama Prasetya , Yudhista Rizaldy , Laurén Annamari
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Drainage in tropical peatlands increases CO2 emissions, the rate of subsidence, and the risk of forest fires, among other negative environmental impacts. These effects can be mitigated by raising the water table depth (WTD) using canal or ditch blocks. The performance of canal blocks in raising WTD is, however, poorly understood, because the WTD monitoring data is limited and spatially concentrated around canals and canal blocks. This raises the following question: how effective are canal blocks in raising the WTD over large areas? In this work we composed a process-based hydrological model to assess the rewetting performance of 168 canal blocks in a 22000 ha peatland area in Sumatra, Indonesia. We simulated daily WTD over one year using an existing canal block setup and compared it to the situation without blocks. The study was performed across two El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) scenarios, and four different peat hydraulic properties. Our simulations revealed that while canal blocks had a net positive impact on WTD rise, they lowered WTD in some areas, and the extent of their effect over one year was limited to a distance of about 600 m around the canals. We also show that canal blocks are most effective during dry periods and in peatlands with high hydraulic conductivity. Averaging over all modelled scenarios, blocks raised the annual mean WTD by only 0.9 cm. This value was 2.78 times larger in the dry year than in the wet year (1.39cm versus 0.50 cm), and there was a 2.76 fold difference between the scenarios with the maximum and minimum hydraulic conductivity (1.50 cm versus 0.54 cm). Using a linear relationship between WTD and CO2 emissions, we estimated that, averaging over peat hydraulic properties, canal blocks prevented the emission of 1.03 Mg ha-1 CO2 in the dry year and 0.37 Mg ha-1 CO2 in the wet year.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictability in equilibrated warmer climates
Authors: Zheng Yiyu , Rugenstein Maria , Pieper Patrick , Beobide-Arsuaga Goratz , Baehr Johanna
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Responses of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to global warming remain uncertain, which challenges ENSO forecasts in a warming climate. We investigate changes in ENSO characteristics and predictability in idealized simulations with quadrupled CO2 forcing from seven general circulation models. Comparing the warmer climate to control simulations, ENSO variability weakens, with the neutral state lasting longer, while active ENSO states last shorter and skew to favor the La Niña state. The 6-month persistence-assessed ENSO predictability slightly reduces in five models and increases in two models under the warming condition. While the overall changes in ENSO predictability are insignificant, we find significant relationships between changes in predictability and intensity, duration, and skewness of the three individual ENSO states. The maximal contribution to changes in the predictability of El Niño, La Niña and neutral states stems from changes in skewness and events' duration. Our findings show that a robust and significant decrease in ENSO characteristics does not imply a similar change in ENSO predictability in a warmer climate. This could be due to model deficiencies in ENSO dynamics and limitations in the persistence model when predicting ENSO.
How do inorganic nitrogen processing pathways change quantitatively at daily, seasonal, and multiannual scales in a large agricultural stream?
Authors: Huang Jingshui , Borchardt Dietrich , Rode Michael
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Large agricultural streams receive excessive inputs of nitrogen. However, quantifying the role of these streams in nitrogen processing remains
limited because continuous direct measurements of the interacting and highly time-varying nitrogen processing pathways in larger streams and rivers are very complex. Therefore, we employed a monitoring-driven modelling approach with high-frequency in situ data and the river water quality model Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP) 7.5.2 in the 27.4 km reach of the sixth-order agricultural stream called Lower Bode (central Germany) for a 5-year period (2014–2018). Paired high-frequency sensor data (15 min interval) of discharge, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll a at upstream and downstream stations were used as model boundaries and for setting model constraints. The WASP model simulated 15 min intervals of discharge, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values higher than 0.9 for calibration and validation, enabling the calculation of gross and net dissolved inorganic nitrogen uptake and pathway rates on a daily, seasonal, and multiannual scale. Results showed daily net uptake rate of dissolved inorganic nitrogen ranged from −17.4 to 553.9 mgNm-2d-1. The highest daily net uptake could reach almost 30 % of the total input loading, which occurred at extreme low flow in summer 2018. The growing season (spring and summer) accounted for 91 % of the average net annual uptake of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the measured period. In spring, both the DIN gross and net uptake were dominated by the phytoplankton uptake pathway. In summer, benthic algae assimilation dominated the gross uptake of dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Conversely, the reach became a net source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen with negative daily net uptake values in autumn and winter, mainly because the release from benthic algae surpassed uptake processes. Over the 5 years, average gross and net uptake rates of dissolved inorganic nitrogen were 124.1 and 56.8 mgNm-2d-1, which accounted for only 2.7 % and 1.2 % of the total loadings in the Lower Bode, respectively. The 5-year average gross DIN uptake decreased from assimilation by benthic algae through assimilation by phytoplankton to denitrification. Our study highlights the value of combining river water quality modelling with high-frequency data to obtain a reliable budget of instream dissolved inorganic nitrogen processing which facilitates our ability to manage nitrogen in aquatic systems. This study provides a methodology that can be applied to any large stream to quantify nitrogen processing pathway dynamics and complete our understanding of nitrogen cycling.
Development of a force-field-based control strategy for an upper-limb rehabilitation robot
Authors: Pan Jiasheng , Zhang Leigang , Sun Qing
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Robot-assisted rehabilitation has proven to be effective for improving the motor performance of patients with neuromuscular injuries. The effectiveness of robot-assisted training directly depends on the control strategy applied in the therapy training. This paper presents an end-effector upper-limb rehabilitation robot for the functional recovery training of disabled patients. A force-field-based rehabilitation control strategy is then developed to induce active patient participation during training tasks. The proposed control strategy divides the 3D space around the rehabilitation training path into a human-dominated area and a robot-dominated area. It encodes the space around the training path and endows the corresponding normal and tangential force; the tangential component assists with movement along the target path, and the normal component pushes the patient's hand towards the target path using a real-time adjustable controller. Compared with a common force-field controller, the human–robot interaction in this strategy is easy and can be quickly adjusted by changing the force field's range or the variation characteristics of two forces, and the intervention in two directions can change continuously and smoothly despite the patient's hand crossing the two areas. Visual guidance based on the Unity-3D environment is introduced to provide visual training instructions. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control scheme is validated via training experiments using five healthy subjects.
Deciphering seasonal effects of triggering and preparatory precipitation for improved shallow landslide prediction using generalized additive mixed models
Authors: Steger Stefan , Moreno Mateo , Crespi Alice , Zellner Peter James , Gariano Stefano Luigi , Brunetti Maria Teresa , Melillo Massimo , Peruccacci Silvia , Marra Francesco , Kohrs Robin , Goetz Jason , Mair Volkmar , Pittore Massimiliano
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The increasing availability of long-term observational data can lead to the development of innovative modelling approaches to determine landslide triggering conditions at regional scale, opening new avenues for landslide prediction and early warning. This research blends the strengths of existing approaches with the capabilities of generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to develop an interpretable approach that identifies seasonally dynamic precipitation conditions for shallow landslides. The model builds upon a 21-year record of landslides in South Tyrol (Italy) and separates precipitation that induced landslides from precipitation that did not. The model accounts for effects acting at four temporal scales: short-term “triggering” precipitation, medium-term “preparatory” precipitation, seasonal effects and across-year data variability. It provides relative landslide probability scores that were used to establish seasonally dynamic thresholds with optimal performance in terms of hit and false alarm rates, as well as additional thresholds related to user-defined performance scores. The GAMM shows a high predictive performance and indicates that more precipitation is required to induce a landslide in summer than in winter/spring, which can presumably be attributed mainly to vegetation and temperature effects. The discussion illustrates why the quality of input data, study design and model transparency are crucial for landslide prediction using advanced data-driven techniques.
Predictive Characteristics of Adequate Employment in Baccalaureate-Prepared Graduates
Authors: Kiefer Cynthia , Kottkamp Laura , McQuaid Jana , Moses Justin
Published: November 2022

Underemployment, which occurs when baccalaureate degree holders are employed in occupations that do not require or fully use a college-level degree (Lederman, 2018), challenges the notion that a college degree alone adequately prepares a student for a satisfactory level of employment based on education level. During 2018 and 2019, the higher-ed capstone team conducted this study to identify predictive characteristics of underemployment among undergraduate alumni from a large, public, urban, Tier-1 research university. Although identifying underemployment characteristics was the primary impetus for the research, the team instead discovered three primary predictors of adequate employment from the analysis. Higher education institutions and policy leaders may be able to better ensure students gain employment, particularly during challenging economic times, by encouraging student participation in internships, extracurricular activities, and the selection of STEM majors.
Erratum to: Pape, S. J., Bryant, C. L., JohnBull, R. M., & Karp, K. S. (2022). Improvement Science as a Frame for the Dissertation in Practice: The Johns Hopkins Experience. Impacting Education: Journal on Transforming Professional Practice, 7(1), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.5195/ie.2022.241
Authors: Pape Stephen J. , Bryant Camille L. , JohnBull Ranjini Mahinda , Karp Karen S. , Jeffries Rhonda , Tamim Suha
Published: November 2022

The original version of the article, “Improvement Science as a Frame for the Dissertation in Practice: The Johns Hopkins Experience”, published on 25 January 2022 included references to Casey Handfield, a former doctoral student at Johns Hopkins University. All references to Mr. Handfield have been removed from the article and the associated dissertation has been subsequently withdrawn. The authors and editorial team regret the inclusion of this material in the original article which has been retracted and updated with an edited version. The full article has not been retracted because the editorial team believes that the problematic references did not impact the overall utility and conclusions of the article. For any additional questions, please contact the editorial team at Impacting Education .
The effects of religion on behaviour
Authors:   , Boulis Christopher
Published: November 2022

This thesis explores the effect of family values, specifically religion, on household decision-making in three key areas of life: relationship stability and duration; asset and wealth accumulation, and the consumption of tobacco and alcohol. The effects are driven by religion beliefs, the composition of religious beliefs in couples, and the level of commitment to one’s religion. The results show that religious couples tend to have longer lasting relationships, lower wealth, and lower debt, and the lowest annual household expenditure on tobacco and alcohol and less likely to be a moderate or heavy user of tobacco or alcohol.
K-mer based algorithms for biological sequence comparison and search
Authors:   , Buckingham Lawrence
Published: November 2022

The present thesis develops novel algorithms for biological sequence comparison and accelerated sequence database search, motivated by the need to work effectively with the rapidly expanding volume of sequence data which is available as the result of continuing advances in sequencing technology. Empirical tests using datasets of realistic size and content demonstrate that these algorithms are approximately an order of magnitude faster than standard sequence database search tools, while attaining higher precision. While the algorithms have been developed and tested in a biological context, they are applicable to any problem involving comparison of sequential data series.
A Comprehensive Review on Potential and Prospects of Traditional Medicinal Plants for Management of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Dahiya Riya , Puneet Mr. , Dhiman Sunil Kumar , Priyadarshani Anjali
Published: November 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as the most devastating global health crisis since 1918, the era of the influenza pandemic. This outbreak was triggered by the coronavirus SARSCoV-2 that measures less than a millionth of an inch but has sent chills all across the globe. The obnoxious disease first became an epidemic in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, that aggressively spread to the entire world, causing WHO to announce it as a global pandemic. Several features of the disease were uniformly found worldwide, including the consequential symptoms - difficult breathing or shortness of breath, acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, extreme level of fatigue, chest pain, and /or multi-organ failure leading to death. As of August 2022, the present prevalence of the disease is with a daily positivity rate of 2.71 per cent. An estimated 6 million deaths have been recorded worldwide. With no promising vaccines since its outbreak, and no control over this holocaust even after robust global mass vaccination efforts (vaccine boosters), people turned to indigenous methods, especially medicinal plants, as a lookout for immunization against the disease. According to the latest developments, herbal plants like Ocimum and Azadirachta have acted as promising plants. This review article highlights how few traditional medicinal plants can help create (on a mass scale) vaccines against the deadly coronavirus. We have identified ten significant plants based on the Indian traditional knowledge system and summarized their role in combating the disease. The study also focuses on the modifications of the active constituent from these plants and the underlying processes which can be coaxed together to find a better, reliable cure for the pandemic.
Membangun Karakter Entrepreneur Bagi Siswa SMK Al-Hikmah, Kalirejo, Lampung Tengah
Authors: Suwarni Emi , Astuti Maidiana , Fernando Yusra , Enjelya Mareta
Published: November 2022

Kewirausahaan merupakan kegiatan yang menjadi salah satu solusi untuk memperoleh penghasilan. Mitra kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah SMK Al-Hikmah, Kalirejo, Lampung Selatan. Salah satu permasalahan kususnya bagi siswa adalah banyak dari siswa yang membantu usaha orangtua seperti membuka usaha bengkel motor dan service computer, akan tetapi kebanyakan dari siswa yang ingin berwirausaha namun belum memiliki pemahaman mengenai wirausaha. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya motivasi, pemahaman, dan pelatihan tentang bagaimana membangun karakter kewirausahaan bagi siswa. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini secara garis besar menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang meliputi pendekatan institusional dan pendekatan partisipatif. Pada pendekatan institusional dilakukan dengan cara berkomunikasi secara langsung perihal kebutuhan yang diperlukan mitra dan masalah yang sedang dihadapi. Di sisi lain, pendekatan partisipatif dilakukan dengan melibatkan peserta pelaksanaan pengabdian agar tercapainya kebutuhan dengan cara metode diskusi, pemberian sosialisasi terhadap IPTEK dan berwirausaha. Kegiatan evaluasi dilakukan untuk menilai efektifitas pelatihan dalam membangun karakter kewirausahaan bagi siswa. Kegiatan evaluasi juga digunakan untuk menilai keberhasilan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Alat ukurnya adalah kuisioner yang telah diisi oleh peserta. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ini bermanfaat dan dapat membangun karakter serta jiwa entrepreneur bagi siswa.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Business Model Canvas untuk Siswa SMAN 4 Surabaya
Authors: Maulana Yoppy Mirza
Published: November 2022

Festival Inovasi dan Kewirausahaan Siswa Indonesia (FIKSI) tahun 2022 merupakan ajang pencarian talenta muda wirausaha yang kreatif memiliki ide, aspirasi, dan gagasan yang dapat diwujudkan. FIKSI 2022 diharapkan dapat menghilirisasi dan memutakhirkan ide/gagasan para siswa, juga guru pendampingnya, dalam menginisiasi model dan rencana bisnis yang relevan dengan perkembangan dan kebutuhan masa kini dan mendatang. Fiksi 2022 dipandang oleh Universitas Dinamika ini merupakan peluang bagi SMA/MA untuk mengikuti ajang tersebut, sehingga dibutuhkkan program-program pelatihan. Melalui pengabdian masyarakat inilah dilakukan kerjasama dengan pihak SMAN 4 Surabaya. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi yang dilakukan oleh peneliti bahwa pengetahuan siswa SMAN 4 masih kurang dalam pengetahuan terkait dengan model dan rencana bisnis. Dari hasil identifikasi solusinya adalah dilakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan dengan materi Business Model Canvas (BMC) bagi siswa SMAN 4 Surabaya dapat melakukan penyusunan model dan rencana bisnis. Model yang digunakan dalam pelatihan dan pendampingan ini model student centre learining dengan metode ceramah, brainstorming dan diskusi. Berdasarkan hasil feedback dari peserta tentang pelatihan dan pendampingan BMC ini, rata-rata persentase nilai baik dan sangat baik adalah 79% dan 21% nilainya cukup.
Pengolahan Limbah Plastik Jenis Polypropylene (PP) dan Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Menjadi Bahan Bakar Cair Melalui Proses Catalytic Thermal Cracking Menggunakan Katalis FCC
Authors: Cantika Ria , Akbar Hefly Agustian , Aswan Arizal , Ridwan K.A , Syakdani Adi , Effendy Sahrul , Taufik Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Setiap tahunnya penggunaan plastik yang semakin meningkat mengakibatkan jumlah sampah plastik yang sulit terurai semakin tinggi. Upaya mengelola sampah plastik melalui penimbunan dan pembakaran dinilai kurang tepat dan berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan. Proses Catalytic Thermal Cracking (CTC) merupakan metode yang tepat dan menguntungkan untuk mengolah limbah plastik menjadi bahan bakar cair. Pada penelitian ini, pengolahan limbah plastik jenis Polypropylene dan Low Density Polyethylene menjadi bahan bakar cair melalui Proses CatalytIc Thermal Cracking berlangsung pada temperatur CTC 200 oC, 350 oC, 300 oC, 350 oC dan 400oC dengan jumlah katalis FCC sebanyak 10%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh temperatur CTC terhadap % yield, sifat fisik dan komposisi senyawa bahan bakar cair yang diperoleh. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, didapat temperatur optimum Catalytic Thermal Cracking pada Polypropylene dan Low Density Polyethylene yaitu temperatur 400 oC dengan jumlah % yield produk bahan bakar cair tertinggi sebesar 30,29 % untuk Polypropylene dengan nilai Density, oApi Gravity, Viscosity dan Calorific Value masing-masing yaitu: 0,7536 gr/ml, 0,8010 cSt dan 11.206 Kcal/Kg. Sedangkan untuk Low Density Polyethylene % yield produk bahan bakar cair tertinggi sebesar 23,09 % dengan nilai Density, oApi Gravity, Viscosity dan Calorific Value masing-masing yaitu: 0,7508 gr/ml, 0,9856 cSt dan 11.215 Kcal/Kg.
Densidade de sementes e época de semeadura para três cultivares de amendoim
Authors: Ruiz Fábio Fiori , Palviqueres Letícia Pelicioni , Barbosa Keyciane , Betiol Olavo , Leal Élcio Rios Pérez , Bolonhezi Denizart
Published: November 2022

A alta produtividade do amendoim no Brasil advém da utilização de novas cultivares do mercado. Mesmo assim faz-se necessário o uso de práticas culturais para otimizar essa produção como a semeadura em diferentes densidades e épocas do ano. Por isso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da densidade e época de semeadura na produção de amendoim de três cultivares. Realizou-se o experimento no Centro Avançado de Pesquisa em Cana, em Ribeirão Preto-SP, na safra 2021/22, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental em parcelas sub-subdividas com três repetições, tendo os tratamentos divididos em três cultivares de amendoim (IAC OL3, IAC 503 e Granoleico), quatro densidades de semeadura (5, 10, 15 e 20 plantas por metro linear) e duas épocas de semeadura (outubro e novembro). As avaliações realizadas foram: produtividade de vagens e de grãos (além de seu rendimento), massa de 100 grãos, índice de colheita e número de vagens. As médias foram submetidas ao teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Conclui-se que houve um aumento na produção de grãos da cultivar Granoleico e IAC OL3 em comparação com a IAC 503. Para a característica densidade, quanto menor o número de plantas por metro, a produtividade de vagens, de grãos e massa de 100 grãos foi inferior as demais estudadas. Em relação as épocas estudadas, mostrou-se que para produtividade de vagens a primeira época foi superior e, para rendimento de grãos, a segunda época foi melhor.
THE BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD AS A SUBSTANTIVE RIGHT
Authors: DORINA V.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the study of one of the elements of the concept of ensuring the best interest of the child. The best interest is considered as A substantive right. Based on the comments of the Committee on the Rights of the Child to Article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989, the practice of international judicial bodies, domestic and foreign legal doctrine, the author attempts to determine which category of human rights the law under study belongs to. The conclusion is made about the complexity of the best interest of the child as a substantive right, including elements of both positive and negative right, and is also an individual and collective right. Perceived primarily as an interpretive principle, the best interest of the child should undoubtedly be attributed to the inalienable right of the child, requiring an individual approach in each specific case.
FEATURES OF A MULTIMEDIA WORK
Authors: SAVITSKAYA K.
Published: November 2022

In connection with the comparative novelty of the concept of "multimedia work" and the lack of a unified approach to its interpretation among lawyers, the issue of determining the signs that could serve as the basis for distinguishing works of this kind from other objects of copyright is relevant.
The article analyzes and systematizes the theoretical provisions on the research topic, identifies and considers the following features of a multimedia work: interactivity; the presence in the structure of the totality of several results of intellectual activity; complexity; digital form; virtuality; the presence in the structure of a computer program; providing information using a combination of many perceived by the person; the presence of several storylines; artistic design of the interface and navigation tools; embodiment on material carriers; the need to use special technical devices for working with multimedia works. Based on the results of the study, the essential legally significant features of a multimedia work are highlighted.
RULE-MAKING PRINCIPLE OF SCIENCE: CONSTITUTIONAL CONTENT AND IMPLEMENTATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: SOLOVJOV P.
Published: November 2022

The article contains a constitutional study of the rule-making principle of science. This study includes an analysis of the content and mechanisms for implementing this principle in the legal system of the Republic of Belarus. Scientific work is based on the analysis of the principle of science in the context of the key stages of rule-making activity, which are important for the creation of a high-quality legal act (planning, initiation, preparation of a draft legal act). There is also an analysis of the interaction of the principle of science with some other basic principles of rule-making activity (constitutionality, democracy, publicity, etc.). The article formulated several ideas about the directions for improving the Law of the Republic of Belarus "On Normative Legal Acts", designed to increase the degree of implementation of the rule-making principle of science.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN A TRANSFORMING REALITY
Authors: PRYKOLOTINA Y.
Published: November 2022

In the context of intense and accelerating transformations of social reality, science acts as one of the adaptive mechanisms to understand the nature of what is happening and the prospects for future change. However, in the face of rapid and substantial social change, the social empirical sciences, including criminology, also need to be transformed to take account of the digitalisation of relations, their exponentially increasing complexity and the growth of universal connectivity. These properties of a transforming reality require not only a move away from traditional sources of information on criminologically relevant phenomena, not only the application (expansion) of an interdisciplinary approach, but also the establishment of a 'quantitative criminology paradigm', a 'computational criminology' that enables the tracking of both criminal and potential criminogenic phenomena as well as background crime phenomena in real time through monitoring and using both preset and self-generated algorithms.
STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE REPRODUCTION OF LABOUR POTENTIAL IN THE CONTEXT OF ACHIVING THE PRIORITIES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: KARALIONAK A.
Published: November 2022

The article presents an analysis of existing approaches to the assessment of labour potential. The advantages and disadvantages of practical application of the selected methodological approaches are indicated. The author substantiates and develops a method of quantitative assessment of the reproducrion of labour potential on the basis of a system of private and integral indicators, taking into account the established imperatives of sustainable development of the Republic of Belarus. This approach to the assessment of labour potential allows to get a comprehensive assessment of labour potential from the standpoint of achieving the priorities of sustainable development, to analyze its dynamics, to identify strengths and weaknesses of its development at each stage of reproduction. The obtained results can be used in the implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of management decisions.
BORDER ECONOMY AS A PROMISING SECTION OF REGIONALISTICS
Authors: PAVLOV K.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with various problems of socio-economic and environmental development of the border economy as an important and promising area of regional studies. The economy of border regions is currently one of the least studied aspects of the theory of regional economy. The development of the border economy and border ecology is especially relevant for large countries, such as Russia, China, Kazakhstan, which also have a very long border. As you know, Russia borders on a large number of countries, both currently friendly with the Russian Federation (Belarus, China, etc.), and with states that currently have serious problems and disagreements with Russia, both political and economic in nature (Ukraine, Baltic states).

All this determines the relevance and importance of research on the reproductive system in the border regions. Taking into account the significant number of regions on the territory of Russia that have a border status, as well as the variety of political, environmental, social and economic conditions and factors for the development of border areas, including those located in such an important and promising region of the country as the Arctic, it is advisable to intensify the process of studying features of the functioning of the economy of the border regions and the identification of general trends and patterns of their development.
STARTUP AS A FORM OF BUSINESS
Authors: REZKIN P. , GALESHOVA E.
Published: November 2022

The article considers a startup as a form of conducting a modern innovative business. The interpretation of the concepts of “business” and “entrepreneurship”, as well as their fundamental differences, is presented. During a survey of existing entrepreneurs, real problems of doing business in the Republic of Belarus were identified, an attempt to build an ecosystem of Belarusian startups was made.
MARKETING AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE EXPORT OF GOODS OF BELARUSIAN ENTERPRISES UNDER ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
Authors: SHAVLYUGA O.
Published: November 2022

The current market situation in the world market makes it necessary to find ways to increase the volume of exports of manufactured goods, services and differentiation of sales markets. The issues of using marketing to increase the export of goods of Belarusian enterprises in the context of economic sanctions are considered. Approaches to the definition of the concept of marketing are analyzed, the author proposes a refined formulation of it, focusing on the need to manage all the components of the marketing mix and the ability to adapt to changes in the factors of the external and internal environment of the enterprise. An adaptive model of enterprise communications for interacting with consumers in foreign markets is proposed. A set of marketing activities is presented, aimed at increasing the export of goods, which takes into account both the company's own capabilities and current areas of marketing activity.
Identificação computacional de recorrências em 155 Sonatas de Domenico Scarlatti
Authors: Gomes Thiago Luiz , Santos Pereira Flávio
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta sinteticamente o Programa para Identificação Exaustiva de Recorrências de Séries de Alturas em Música – PIERSAM (Gomes 2020, 2021) e alguns pontos de interesse nas Sonatas para teclado de Scarlatti identificados através deste. O programa foi desenvolvido tomando como campo empírico as Sonatas de Domenico Scarlatti e foi aplicado no escrutínio de 155 dentre as 556 Sonatas compostas, segundo o catálogo de Ralph Kirkpatrick (1983). Estas 155 Sonatas foram as que encontramos acessíveis na WEB em formato MusicXML ou passíveis de conversão para este. O programa toma para a detecção de recorrências de séries de alturas, além da igualdade entre as próprias alturas, as durações intrínsecas a cada altura e a posição métrica em que as séries ocorrem. Por meio das recorrências identificadas foi possível constatar padrões sequenciais muito similares na K. 1 e na K. 85. Também foi possível constatar que todas as recorrências compostas por sucessão numerosa de alturas acontecem somente duas vezes numa mesma sonata. A existência de duas ocorrências idênticas da mesma série de alturas numerosas a acontecer na mesma Sonata foi identificada na grande maioria das 155 Sonatas (noventa e oito Sonatas para as séries de trinta e duas ou mais alturas) submetidas ao escrutínio do programa PIERSAM. Os dados resultantes do programa são numerosos, tendo sido, ao todo, identificados 20.476 séries de alturas recorrentes, compostas estas por séries de duas a cento e trinta e duas alturas. O programa não faz a análise dos resultados, tendo sido uma porção deles checados manualmente pelo próprio autor-programador-analista. Por meio de variadas metodologias de análise e interpretação dos resultados fornecidos pelo programa PIERSAM, espera-se ser possível extrair dos dados obtidos diversas outras informações de interesse acerca do conjunto das 155 sonatas. Dentre as diversas possibilidades, o programa PIERSAM pode constituir para repertórios em que a organização das alturas é primordial, como é o caso com as Sonatas de Scarlatti.