bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Timing in Pediatric Septic Shock
Authors: Lane Roni D. , Olson Jared , Reeder Ron , Miller Benjamin , Workman Jennifer K. , Thorell Emily A. , Larsen Gitte Y.
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

National guidelines advocate for the administration of antibiotics within 1 hour to children with septic shock, although there is variance in the pediatric evidence-based literature supporting this benchmark. Our objective for this study was to describe the association of target time to antibiotic administration (TTAA) with outcomes of children treated for suspected septic shock in a pediatric emergency department. Septic shock is suspected when signs of perfusion and/or hypotension are present. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included PICU admission, hospital and PICU length of stay, and organ dysfunction resolution by hospital day 2.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective study of children <18 years of age admitted from the pediatric emergency department and treated for suspected septic shock between February 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015. Associations between TTAA and outcomes were evaluated by using multivariable linear and logistic regression models obtained from stepwise selection.

RESULTS:

Of 1377 patients, 47% were boys with a median age of 4.0 (interquartile range 1.4–11.6) years, 1.5% (20) died, 90% were compliant with TTAA goals, 40% required PICU admission, 38% had ≥2 unique complex chronic conditions, 71% received antibiotics in ≤2 hours, and 30% had a culture-positive bacterial etiology. There were no significant associations between TTAA and outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

We found no association with TTAA and any clinical outcomes, adding to the growing body of literature questioning the timing benchmark of antibiotic administration. Although the importance of antibiotics is not in question, elucidating the target TTAA may improve resource use and decrease inappropriate or unnecessary antibiotic exposure.
Anticipating Pediatric Patient Transfers From Intermediate to Intensive Care
Authors: Cheng Daryl R. , Hui Caitlyn , Langrish Kate , Beck Carolyn E.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To explore characteristics of patients who were admitted to the intermediate care (IC) unit at a tertiary academic institution. In particular, we sought to compare the characteristics of IC patients who were transferred with the characteristics of those who were not transferred to PICU care and evaluate predictors of patient transfer.

METHODS:

Data were collected on all admitted IC patients between July 2016 and June 2018. Patients whose index IC admission was from the PICU were excluded. Data collected included demographics and physiologic characteristics: heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, oxygen therapy, as well as Bedside Pediatric Early Warning System (BPEWS) score.

RESULTS:

In this time period, 427 eligible patient visits occurred, with 66 patients (15.46%) being transferred to the PICU. Patients were commonly transferred early in their IC course (1.41 days into admission [0.66–3.87]); transferred patients had higher median admission BPEWS scores (7 [4.25–9] vs 5 [3–7]; P < .01). In the univariate analysis, no individual physiologic characteristic was predictive for transfer. In the multivariate analysis, BPEWS (P < .001) and need for any form of respiratory support (P = .04) were significant predictive factors for transfer (R2 = 0.56).

CONCLUSIONS:

The need for close monitoring of physiologic parameters remains paramount, especially in the first 48 hours of admission, in predicting the need for transfer from the IC to PICU. The need for any form of respiratory support is predictive of transfer. Situational awareness and assessment including BPEWS score is of critical importance.
Communication Skills and Practices Vary by Clinician Type
Authors: Jones Amy H. , Jacobs Marni B. , October Tessie W.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Unscheduled admission to the PICU is a stressful experience for families. During the admission process, families communicate with 4 types of clinicians (resident, nurse practitioner, fellow, and attending physician). All clinicians must manage family stress while communicating concise, accurate information. The manner and variability in how different clinicians communicate with families at the time of PICU admission is not yet known.

METHODS:

We performed a prospective observational study to evaluate communication patterns of various clinician types, including the length of communication encounters and the number of provider interruptions at the time of admission to the PICU during a 3-month period. All nonscheduled admissions to the PICU were eligible for enrollment. The admission intake was audio recorded and directly observed.

RESULTS:

We observed 45 different family–clinician interactions for a total of 19 unique family encounters (48% of eligible admissions). Residents and nurse practitioners spent the most time communicating with families (14.3 and 19 minutes, respectively) compared with fellows (7.3 minutes) and attending physicians (6.6 minutes). Residents were frequently interrupted by pages and phone calls (64% of interactions) and spoke at a higher reading level than all other clinician types (P = .03; 95% confidence interval 74.6–83.9). Qualitatively, residents had more challenges coping with distractions, acknowledging parental emotions, and aligning with parental goals compared with other clinician types.

CONCLUSIONS:

Resident trainees spend significantly more time with families and, during this time, are burdened with frequent interruptions. In this stressful communication environment, residents encounter more barriers to communication and may require additional communication skills to manage relaying complex information while simultaneously responding to parental emotions.
Maternal and Child Health Bureau’s Autism Research Program
Authors: DiBari Jessica N. , Azuine Romuladus E. , Linares Deborah E. , Rocha Imelda , Park Hae Young , Raskin Ramos Lauren , Kogan Michael D. , Kavanagh Laura
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To provide an overview and quantitatively demonstrate the reach of the Health Resources and Services Administration’s Maternal and Child Health Bureau autism research program.

METHODS:

We reviewed program reports and internal data from 59 autism research grantees. The US federal Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee’s strategic plan questions were used as a framework to highlight the contributions of the autism research program in advancing the field.

RESULTS:

The autism research program grantees advance research in several ways. Grantees have strengthened the evidence for autism interventions by conducting 89 studies at 79 distinct research sites. A total of 212 708 participants have enrolled in autism research program studies and 361 researchers have contributed to furthering autism research. The program addresses topics that align with the majority of the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee’s priority topic areas, including advancements in treatments and interventions, services and supports, and identifying risk factors. Grantee products include 387 peer-reviewed publications, 19 tools, and 13 practice guidelines for improving care and intervention practices.

CONCLUSIONS:

The autism research program has contributed to medical advances in research, leveraged innovative training platforms to provide specialized training, and provided access to health services through research-based screening and diagnostic procedures. Autism research program studies have contributed to the development of evidence-based practice guidelines, informed policy guidelines, and quality improvement efforts to bolster advancements in the field. Although disparities still exist, the Health Resources and Services Administration’s Maternal and Child Health Bureau can reduce gaps in screening and diagnosis by targeting interventions to underserved populations including minority and rural communities.
Improving Behavior Challenges and Quality of Life in the Autism Learning Health Network
Authors: Anixt Julia S. , Murray Donna S. , Coury Daniel L. , Kuhlthau Karen A. , Eskra Diane , Seide Janet , Kelly Amy , Hess Amy , Lipkin Paul H. , Law J. Kiely , Fedele Angie , Lannon Carole
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To summarize baseline data and lessons learned from the Autism Learning Health Network, designed to improve care and outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We describe challenging behaviors, co-occurring medical conditions, quality of life (QoL), receipt of recommended health services, and next steps.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study of children 3 to 12 years old with ASD receiving care at 13 sites. Parent-reported characteristics of children with ASD were collected as outcome measures aligned with our network’s aims of reducing rates of challenging behaviors, improving QoL, and ensuring receipt of recommended health services. Parents completed a survey about behavioral challenges, co-occurring conditions, health services, and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Measure and the Aberrant Behavior Checklist to assess QoL and behavior symptoms, respectively.

RESULTS:

Analysis included 530 children. Challenging behaviors were reported by the majority of parents (93%), frequently noting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, irritability, and anxiety. Mean (SD) scores on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist hyperactivity and irritability subscales were 17.9 (10.5) and 13.5 (9.2), respectively. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Measure total score of 23.6 (3.7) was lower than scores reported in a general pediatric population. Most children had received recommended well-child (94%) and dental (85%) care in the past 12 months.

CONCLUSIONS:

This baseline data (1) affirmed the focus on addressing challenging behaviors; (2) prioritized 3 behavior domains, that of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, irritability, and anxiety; and (3) identified targets for reducing severity of behaviors and strategies to improve data collection.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Parents Implementing Early Intervention for Autism: An RCT
Authors: Weitlauf Amy S. , Broderick Neill , Stainbrook J. Alacia , Taylor Julie Lounds , Herrington Catherine G. , Nicholson Amy G. , Santulli Madeline , Dykens Elisabeth M. , Juárez A. Pablo , Warren Zachary E.
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Systems of care emphasize parent-delivered intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Meanwhile, multiple studies document psychological distress within these parents. This pilot longitudinal randomized controlled trial compared the parent-implemented Early Start Denver Model (P-ESDM) to P-ESDM plus mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for parents. We evaluated changes in parent functioning during active treatment and at follow-up.

METHODS:

Participants included children (<36 months old) with autism spectrum disorder and caregivers. Participants were randomly assigned to P-ESDM only (n = 31) or P-ESDM plus MBSR (n = 30). Data were collected at baseline, midtreatment, the end of treatment, and 1, 3, and 6 months posttreatment. Multilevel models with discontinuous slopes were used to test for group differences in outcome changes over time.

RESULTS:

Both groups improved during active treatment in all subdomains of parent stress (β = −1.42, −1.25, −0.92; P < 0.001), depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms (β = −0.62 and −0.78, respectively; P < 0.05). Parents who received MBSR had greater improvements than those receiving P-ESDM only in parental distress and parent-child dysfunctional interactions (β = −1.91 and −1.38, respectively; P < 0.01). Groups differed in change in mindfulness during treatment (β = 3.15; P < .05), with P-ESDM plus MBSR increasing and P-ESDM declining. Treatment group did not significantly predict change in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or life satisfaction. Differences emerged on the basis of parent sex, child age, and child behavior problems.

CONCLUSIONS:

Results suggest that manualized, low-intensity stress-reduction strategies may have long-term impacts on parent stress. Limitations and future directions are described.
Clases de palabras y predicación. Reflexiones para la enseñanza
Authors: Mare María
Published: April 2020

Dos temas que recorren la escolarización –visibilizados en planes de estudios y manuales de lengua– son clases de palabras y predicación. Ambas nociones suelen asociarse fundamentalmente al contenido léxico, lo que lleva a confusiones importantes, no solo por la arbitrariedad y la heterogeneidad de las definiciones dadas, sino por la dificultad para establecer generalizaciones pertinentes. El abordaje de la sintaxis desde una perspectiva formal y a partir del empleo de un metalenguaje adecuado es fundamental para promover la reflexión gramatical entre nuestros estudiantes. Este tipo de acercamiento al estudio del lenguaje es necesario para entender que la clase de lengua no es un espacio de reproducción de normas lingüísticas o repetición de conceptos, sino que puede convertirse en un laboratorio científico. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar algunas discusiones centrales que debemos considerar los docentes de lengua para promover el pensamiento crítico y el desarrollo de habilidades lingüísticas en los diferentes niveles educativos.
Lost Saints
Authors: Lutkajtis Anna
Published: April 2020

Mushrooms containing psilocybin have been used in Indigenous healing ceremonies in Mesoamerica since at least the sixteenth century. However, the sacramental use of mushrooms was only discovered by Westerners in the early to mid-twentieth century. Most notably, the meeting between amateur mycologist Robert Gordon Wasson and Mazatec curandera María Sabina in 1955 resulted in the widespread popularization of ingesting “magic mushrooms” in the West. To Sabina and the Mazatec people, psilocybin mushrooms were sacred and only to be used for healing. However, Western “hippies” viewed mushrooms as psychedelic drugs which they consumed with little regard for cultural sensitivities, rendering the mushrooms desacralized. This article argues that the desacralization of psilocybin mushrooms constitutes a form of spiritual abuse that has had far-reaching and long-lasting consequences at individual, local and global levels. Further, acknowledging and understanding the desacralization of psilocybin mushrooms as spiritual abuse has important implications for restorative justice and the understanding of psilocybin as a sacred medicine.
Nita, Maria. 2016. Praying and Campaigning with Environmental Christians: Green Religion and the Environmental Movement
Authors: Kidwell Jeremy H.
Published: April 2020

Nita, Maria. 2016. Praying and Campaigning with Environmental Christians: Green Religion and the Environmental Movement. London: Palgrave Macmillan. xi + 261 pp. ISBN: 978-1-137-60034-9 £99.99 (hbk); 978-1-349-95608-1 £99.99 (pbk); 978-1-137-60035-6 £79.50 (e-book).
Tamimi Arab, Pooyan. 2017. Amplifying Islam in the European Soundscape: Religious Pluralism and Secularism in the Netherlands
Authors: Van Stee Elena G.
Published: April 2020

Tamimi Arab, Pooyan. 2017. Amplifying Islam in the European Soundscape: Religious Pluralism and Secularism in the Netherlands. London: Bloomsbury Academic. x + 216 pp. ISBN: 978- 14742-9143-9 £90.00 (hbk); 978-13500-8118-5 £28.99 (pbk).
Cognitive Linguistics, Sociocultural Theory and Content and Language Integrated Learning
Authors: Hill Kent
Published: April 2020

This study applies cognitive linguistics (CL) to what Llinares et al. (2012) refers to as the three overlapping theoretical perspectives of content and language integrated learning (CLIL): (a) systemic functional linguistics, (b) Vygotskian-based sociocultural theory, and (c) dialogic inquiry. CL is complimentary to these theoretical perspectives because it views language development as conceptually motivated, meaning making, and usage-based (Langacker, 2000). Academic genre-based theory is another factor integrating content, language, and learning in CLIL. The specific meaning-meaning making under analysis is polysemous lexis that has both everyday and scientific (Vygotsky, 1978) or genre-specific meanings. Results of an empirical study indicate that using a CL-based approach within the zone of proximal development raises L2 learners' awareness of the metonymically motivated extension in meaning from everyday to genre-specific and significantly improves their comprehension of both meanings. This study concludes that by including CL as a conceptual link CLIL's pedagogical efficacy could be enhanced to further integrate content, language and learning: i.e., content and language conceptually integrated learning.
O PLANEJAMENTO E A REVISÃO DE TEXTOS NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DE PROFESSORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Da Silva Thalita Folmann , Guimarães Sandra Regina Kirchner
Published: April 2020

Objetivou-se analisar a prática pedagógica destinada à produção de textos a fim de identificar as estratégias didáticas adotadas para o planejamento e a revisão da produção dos estudantes. Foram realizadas trinta e uma horas de observação da prática de professoras de 4º e 5º anos do Ensino Fundamental. Verificou-se que nas atividades de planejamento as professoras propiciaram a leitura de diferentes textos e promoveram discussões sobre os conteúdos que seriam abordados nas produções. As atividades de revisão foram prevalentes após o término da primeira versão dos textos. Conclui-se que os encaminhamentos observados não possibilitaram aos estudantes relevante melhoria no desempenho em relação à coesão e à coerência nos textos produzidos e, principalmente, na gestão consciente dos elementos constitutivos dos diferentes gêneros textuais. Infere-se que o planejamento e a revisão são atividades metatextuais que contribuem para o desempenho na escrita e, portanto, são ações que precisam ser contempladas na prática pedagógica para um eficiente processo de ensino-aprendizagem da produção textual.
Encased stone columns: coupled continuum – discrete modelling and observations
Authors: Gholaminejad A. , Mahboubi A. , Noorzad A.
Published: April 2020

The present research focuses on the simulation of encased stone columns in a 2D state by utilising the coupled finite difference method (FDM) and discrete element method (DEM). The stone column material was modelled by DEM using irregularly shaped particles, and the geotextile used as the encasement of the stone column was simulated using parallel-bonded particles. The surrounding clayey soil was modelled by FDM. Two models were combined by employing a direct coupling method. After validating the coupled DEM-FDM model through comparisons with experimental results, the encased stone column was investigated at the micro and macro scale. The results indicated that the coupled model can imitate the behaviour of the encased stone column to a reasonable degree. Furthermore, the encased stone column exhibited different deformation behaviour than the ordinary stone column. The use of the encasement decreased the stress deviation at the top and bottom of the column. Also, the soil surrounding the encased stone column displayed different displacement behaviour than the soil surrounding the ordinary stone column. In addition, the effect of encasement length on stone column responses was examined.
Small-strain stiffness degradation of artificially cemented sands
Authors: Mendoza-Ulloa Jorge A. , Lombardi Domenico , Ahmad Syed Mohd
Published: April 2020

This paper investigates the degradation of small-strain stiffness of artificially cemented sand subjected to isotropic loading cycles using bender elements. Samples with cement contents of 3 and 5% were allowed to cure for 72 h using fast-setting Portland cement under a constant confining pressure of 200 kPa. Two types of tests were conducted on the samples: ‘load–unload’ test, where samples were subjected to increasing isotropic confining pressures and then returning to the initial pressure of 200 kPa; and ‘unload–load’ test, where samples were subjected to decreasing confining pressures and then taken back to the initial pressure of 200 kPa. The effect of cementation on the initial microstructure of the samples was analysed using X-ray computed tomography and scanning electron microscope. Cemented samples showed a clear degradation of the normalised small-strain stiffness, after a differential confining pressure was applied, suggesting that the cemented matrix is highly affected by isotropic loading cycles.
Optimisation of aggregate gradation of ultra-high-performance concrete based on the modified compressible packing model
Authors: Li Jinzhen , Huang Lei , Huang Shaowen
Published: April 2020

The compressible packing model (CPM), which is a method for designing aggregate gradation, was used to calculate the packing density of quartz aggregate. The aggregate gradation of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) was optimised using the CPM. The number of interfaces between the aggregates and cement was determined using Image-Pro Plus software. The CPM modified using the equation Y = 0·60073X + 0·20551 was found to calculate the packing density of quartz aggregate accurately. The compressive strength of the UHPC was found to be positively correlated with the packing density of the aggregate: an increase in the packing density led to a compressive strength increase from 97·9 MPa to 124·1 MPa, an increase of 26·7%. The flexural strengths of the material was found to be sensitive to the number of interfaces: the smaller the number of interfaces, the greater the flexural strength. The specimen with an interface length of 5·56 mm/mm2 had the smallest flexural strength (21·5 MPa) and the specimen with an interface length of 3·596 mm/mm2 had the largest flexural strength (25·9 MPa). It is recommended that, when designing aggregate gradation, a gradation with high density should be selected and the proportion of small-size aggregates should not be too large.
Análisis bibliométrico sobre el bienestar subjetivo
Authors: Riffo Allende Gerardo , Donoso Aguirre Andrea
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este estudio ex post facto retrospectivo es describir el bienestar subjetivo mediante un análisis bibliométrico del periodo 1998-2018 a partir de las bases de datos Scopus. Durante dicho periodo se han publicado 2450 artículos en dicha base de datos.Se han analizado la productividad y distribución temporal, así como la producción científica por países, idiomas, autores, revistas, universidades y organismos financiadores, identificando aquellos más productivos.Los principales resultados encontrados hacen referencia a un aumento de la producción científica a nivel mundial sobre el bienestar subjetivo principalmente entre los años 2013 a 2018, asimismo existe un predominio de las publicaciones en idioma inglés, donde los países más productores son Estados Unidos, Alemania y Reino Unido y los principales referentes en producción científica son Diener, Ferran y Oichi.Estos resultados, a su vez, podrán utilizarse como fundamento para posteriores proyectos de investigación que aporten al progreso de la ciencia.
Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for COVID-19 infection. Rapid systematic review
Authors: Pacheco Rafael Leite , Riera Rachel
Published: April 2020

CONTEXT: Based on the results of preliminary studies, the off-label use of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 infection has been observed in practice. OBJECTIVES: To identify, systematically assess and summarize the best available evidence on the efficacy and safety of the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for COVID-19 infection. METHODS: Rapid systematic review. RESULTS: After the selection process, 30 studies were included: one open-label randomized trial, one open-label non-randomized trial and 28 ongoing studies. The outcome 'detection of viral load in oral swab' (surrogate outcome) was evaluated by both studies, involving a total of 72 participants. The findings of the studies were discordant: one study observed a higher frequency of negative viral load associated with hydroxychloroquine on day-7, while the other study did not observe any difference between hydroxychloroquine and the control group (standard treatment) on day-6. Both studies have methodological limitations when evaluated by specific tools according to study design (Cochrane Bias Risk Table and ROBINS-I). CONCLUSION: This rapid systematic review identified two clinical studies (with available data), with limited methodological quality, that evaluated the effects of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 infection. Based on the findings of these two studies, the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in patients with COVID-19 is still uncertain (very low evidence certainty) and its routine use for this situation should not be recommended until the results of ongoing studies could provide a proper assessment of their effects.
Basic Protocol 1: Generation of eGFP-ARF-P2A-TIR1 or ARF-HA-P2A-TIR1 progenitor cells v1
Authors: Mattada Sathyan Kizhakke , G. Scott Thomas , J. Guertin Michael
Published: April 2020

The first procedure for implementing the ARF-AID system is to establish ARF-TIR1 progenitor cells, as shown in Figure 2A. All the plasmids for integrating ARF-TIR1 into the AAVS1 locus in human cells are available from Addgene. The choice of transfection method varies depending on the cell type; lipofectamine 3000 works efficiently for HEK293T cells.
Basic Protocol 3: Testing auxin-mediated degradation of the AID-tagged protein v1
Authors: Mattada Sathyan Kizhakke , G. Scott Thomas , J. Guertin Michael
Published: April 2020

Please refer to the description section of the protocol collection.
COVID-19 SCAN molecular workflow v1
Authors: Starita Lea
Published: April 2020

Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 for SCAN the Greater Seattle Coronavirus Assessment Network The SCAN real-time RT-PCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 contains primer/probe sets that target the Orf1b and S genes, designed against the SARS-CoV-2 genome (GenBank: MN908947.3). The primer/probe sets were analyzed in silico for specificity for this specific betacoronavirus by Thermo Fisher. All assays are performed on total nucleic acids extracted from upper respiratory tract swabs, including mid-turbinate and nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs stored in Universal Transport Media. The assay limit of detection of 5.6 (Orf1b) and 12.9 (S) molecules per reaction was determined from serial dilutions of synthetic DNA of the target sequences. These probes reproducibly detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA from cultured virus from USA-WA-1/2020 (BEI resources/ATCC) and from 21 specimens confirmed to be positive by the Washington State Department of health. Specificity was determined by lack of detection of SARS-CoV-2 from specimens that are known to be positive for seasonal coronavirus strains HKU1/NL63 or 229E/OC43 and/or other respiratory viruses. These specimens are further inferred to be negative by the fact that they were obtained in the greater Seattle area prior to the first known reports of SARS-CoV-2 in China.
Image J Nerve Density Percentage Analysis v1
Authors: Smith Elizabeth , Potter Jacqui
Published: April 2020

ImageJ Software can be used to find the percentage of nerve density in regions of interest. These regions of interest are imaged, and the nerve percentage is found by adjusting the image's histogram threshold.
Anthropometric knee study in patients with Osteoarthritis: Evaluation of possible differences between genders v1
Authors: Bolpato Loures Fabrício , Franco de Araújo Góes Rogério , Branco de Sousa Eduardo , Cavanellas Naasson , Maurício Barretto João , Jun Sugawara Tamaoki Marcel , Sattaminni Pires e Albuquerque Rodrigo , José Labronici Pedro
Published: April 2020

The data collection protocol was used for research involving the anthropometric study of the knee in patients with osteoarthritis during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. These data allowed comparing the dimensions of the knees with the available implants, investigating the existence of possible variations between the sexes and correlating the measurements with quantitative and qualitative data for each individual. In addition, it made it possible to define the profile of patients undergoing TKA in our services.
Quant-iT™ RiboGreen™ RNA Quantification v1
Authors: Angel Roey , Petrova Eva
Published: April 2020

The following protocol is intended for the quantification of RNA using Quant-iT™ RiboGreen™ RNA Assay Kit (ThermoFisher). This protocol is a simplified and condensed version of the full protocol from the manufacturer. The procedure described here is for 96 reactions. If samples are run in duplicates, then this should allow quantifying 40 samples.
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Model and Peer Teaching Model on Social Skills and Volleyball Games Performance
Authors: Padillah Ade , Yudiana Yunyun , Juliantine Tite
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the TGT type cooperative learning model and peer teaching learning model on social skills and volleyball games performance, the effect of the TGT type cooperative learning model and peer teaching learning model on social skills, as well as the TGT type cooperative learning model and peer teaching learning model on volleyball games performance. The research method used in this study was the quasi experimental method. The design used in this study was a pre-test-post-test group design. In this study, the population taken were 360 students at SMAN 1 Garawangi in Kuningan District. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling involving 40 students (22 males; 18 females). The instruments used in this study were the social skills questionnaire, namely the Social Scale System (SSRS), and the volleyball games performance assessment instrument by using the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). The conclusion of this study states that there is an effect of the TGT type cooperative learning model and peer teaching learning model on social skills and volleyball games performance; there is an effect of the TGT type cooperative learning model and peer teaching learning model on social skills; and there is an effect of the TGT type learning model and peer teaching learning model on volleyball games performance. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran koopertif learning tipe TGT dan peer teaching terhadap keterampilan sosial dan keterampilan bola voli, pengaruh model pembelajaran koopertif learning tipe TGT dan peer teaching terhadap keterampilan sosial, serta model pembelajaran koopertif learning tipe TGT dan peer teaching terhadap keterampilan bermain bola voli. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode quasi experiment. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pretest-postest group design Dalam penelitian ini, populasi yang diambil adalah siswa SMAN 1 Garawangi di Kabupaten Kuningan kelas Sepuluh dengan total siswa 360 orang. teknik pengambilan sampel menggunaka cluster random sampling yang menghasilkan sebanyak 40 orang siswa, 22 laki laki, 18 perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket keterampilan sosial yaitu Social Scale System (SSRS), dan instrumen penilaian keterampilan bermain Bola voli dengan menggunakan GPAI (Game Performance Assessment Instrument). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran koopertif learning tipe TGT dan peer teaching terhadap keterampilan sosial dan keterampilan bola voli, terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran koopertif learning tipe TGT dan peer teaching terhadap keterampilan sosial, terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran koopertif learning tipe TGT dan peer teaching terhadap keterampilan bermain bola voli.
The Implementation of Problem Based Learning Model in Improving Cooperation and Learning Outcomes in Physical Education
Authors: Dupri D , Candra Oki , Candra Alfi , Suryani Desi Alif
Published: April 2020

The decline in the culture of cooperation has an impact on the decrease of the student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to see the increase of critical thinking skill and cooperation in Physical Education and Health students through Problem Based Learning Model in Physical Education learning. The method used in this study was experimental method with the Randomize Pre-test and Post-test Control Group Design. The sampling technique in this study was cluster random sampling. The samples of this study were divided into two classes, namely experimental group and control group. The instrument used to measure cooperation was a questionnaire, while learning outcomes were measured by tests. The analysis of this study used SPSS 22 with t-test. This study concludes that the Problem Base Learning model is able to improve the cooperation among the students and also significantly improves learning outcomes. AbstrakMenurunnya budaya kerjasama yang juga berdampak kepada penurunan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan Kerjasama mahasiswa Penjaskesrek melalui model Problem Base Learning pada pembelajaran  pendidikan  jasmani.  Metode  yang  digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah metode  eksperimen  dengan  Desain  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  Randomize  Pretest  and Posttest Control Group Design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini di ambil secara Cluster Random Sampling, maka sampel pada penlitian ini menjadi dua kelas yaitu kelompok eksperimen kelas 6F dan kelas 6E menjadi kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur kerjasama dengan menggunakan anket dan hasil belajar dengan tes. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS 22 dengan uji t. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model Problem Base Learning   mampu meningkatkan kemampuan kerjasama pada mahasiswa dan juga meningkatkan hasil belajar yang cukup signifikan.
La formación en gestión del conflicto en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Barcelona desde la perspectiva del profesorado
Authors: Luna Esther , Viola Isabel , Palou Berta
Published: April 2020

La investigación que se presenta es un diagnóstico comprensivo de la realidad que pretende conocer la formación que recibe el alumnado de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Barcelona en materia de gestión del conflicto. Para ello se aplican dos estrategias de recogida de información: el análisis documental y la entrevista. Los resultados que se obtienen son muy significativos; revelan una fuerte formación en gestión del conflicto en cuanto al grado de pedagogía se refiere. A modo de conclusión, consideramos que esta formación debe de tener una mirada proactiva y transformadora de los conflictos con el fin de reparar y reconstruir vínculos desde la participación de las personas implicadas en el conflicto.
"WINGS" TECHNOLOGY AS A MEANS OF COUNTERACTION TO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN FROM A HIGH RISK GROUP
Authors: Tokhtamysh O. , Parkhomenko V. , Sarnatska A.
Published: April 2020

This topic is actual in the context of high levels of violence against drug addicted women and women in sex industry and insufficient opportunity for them to apply for relevant social services in Ukraine.

The article considers the functional components of the complex preventive and rehabilitation technology "Women Initiating New Goals of Safety", developed by a group social intervention of the Columbia University (USA) in order to reduce the risk of violence against women with drug dependence. This technology was adapted and applied for a pilot project to verify its effectiveness in Ukraine.

The sample of the study consisted of 20 women with drug addiction who have experience of violence against them. In addition, in order to assess the qualitative component of the WINGS technology, an in-depth interview was conducted by 2 experts (psychologist and social worker) of an independent governmental organization to provide services to HIV-infected people, who had the experience of conducting an intervention using the method "WINGS". Another tool for evaluating the qualitative characteristics of this technology was the sessions of two focus groups of 12 participants who had the experience of passing WINGS as clients. A separate plan for security was developed for women who works in sex industry, taking into account, that the experience shared by participants in the focus groups of them is unique and significantly different from the experience of other women. Conducted focus groups found elements of quality performance, especially in the security planning and prevention of violence among intimate partners.

Providers, who give services to the situation of violence, appreciate their experience of using the WINGS methodology as useful and positive.

Pilot studies of using the "WINGS" technology in Ukraine showed results, that allow us to make the previous assumptions about its significant efficiency. At the same time, it helped identify the elements that need to be adapted and refined.
S.L. Burmistrov. Rukopisi shkoly Vedanta v sobraniiakh Instituta vostochnykh rukopisei RAN: annotirovannyi katalog [Manuscripts of Vedānta School in the collections of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of RAS: annotated catalogue] — Moscow: Nauka–Vostochnaia Literatura, 2018. — 479 pp.
(Pismenniie pamiatniki Vostoka. CLII). — ISBN 978-5-02-039832-0
Authors: Shomakhmadov Safarali H.
Published: April 2020

Sergey Burmistrovs monograph Manuscripts of the Vedānta School in the collections of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences: An Annotated Catalog is the result of three years research conducted by S. Burmistrov in the IOM, RAS.
Old Uyghur Blockprint of Sitātapatrā Dhāraṇī in the Serindia Collection of the IOM, RAS
Authors: Turanskaya Anna , Cengiz Ayşe Kiliç
Published: April 2020

Sitātapatrā, referred to as White Umbrella One Goddess who averts evil influences and protects from all kind of disasters and malignant beings with her dhāraṇī. Multiple manuscripts and blockprints dedicated to this goddess, in Old Uyghur and other languages of Central Asia are stored in different world collections. This paper deals with the Old Uyghur fragments of the Sitātapatrā dhāraṇī preserved in the Serindia Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM, RAS). These fragments refer to the same blockprint edition and this study involves the transliteration, transcription and translation of these fragments within the scope of semantic sequence.
The Layman İndu and an Old Uighur Poem
Authors: Zieme Peter
Published: April 2020

Edition of an Old Uighur poem preserved on the verso side of SI 4959 (Kr I 18) of the Serindia Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts. The fragment contains twelve stanzas four lines. The contents is difficult to define, It is assumed that stanzas I to VI refer to an unnamed young boy who may be a Buddhist novice, while stanzas VII to XII emphasize the importance of doing punya, good deeds. The layman İndu is presented as a model. In stanza IX he vows to encounter with Maitreya expressed in an indirect way. Similar verses are known from Maitreya poems. The paper presents a full edition of this fragment with some notes on problematic words and phrases.
Schilling von Canstadt and His Correspondence with Julius Klaproth in the IOM
Authors: Walravens Hartmut
Published: April 2020

The paper documents the relationship between the inventor printer and collector of Oriental books Schilling von Canstadt and the Orientalist Julius Klaproth by means of their extant correspondence. Both travelled to the Russian-Mongolian border and acquired books, both were connected with the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg and Paris, the centre of Oriental Studies. Klaproths focus were the history and geography of East and Central Asia, Schillings book collecting and quality printing. Small wonder they got in close contact Schilling profited from Klaproths Orientalist expertise, Klaproth from Schillings rich library and his experience with printing. The letters show an alienation at some point, which was never redressed nor explained, even though the relationship was not severed.
As representações da multiculturalidade e da Migrantenliteratur na obra Schönhauser Allee, de Wladimir Kaminer
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela Gomes de
Published: April 2020

A obra do escritor russo Wladimir Kaminer figura entre as mais significativas no contexto literário atual da Alemanha. Por intermédio de seus escritos, o autor nos transporta em uma viagem interessante pelos caminhos da literatura produzida por aqueles que, mesmo não tendo o alemão como idioma nativo, o escolheu como suporte de sua literatura. No presente artigo, serão discutidos alguns conceitos importantes que permeiam a produção escrita de autores não nascidos na Alemanha, como é o caso de transculturalidade, interculturalidade e multiculturalidade. Além disso, o processo migratório por que passou o país também ganha destaque, uma vez que o surgimento da literatura produzida por esses novos moradores proporcionou, e ainda proporciona, debates importantes em torno de termos como “Literatura de migrantes”. Sendo assim, as relações entre pessoas com origens culturais distintas que ocupam o mesmo espaço social ganham representatividade nas crônicas de Wladimir Kaminer.
Convivencia escolar y procesos intergeneracionales:
Authors: Carvajal Guzmán Gilberto , Ojeda Rosero Dayra Elizabeth , Díaz Muñoz Erika Patricia , Tabares Díaz Yuranny Alejandra
Published: April 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo sustentar desde una base filológica, filosófica, y teórica, así como también desde un análisis reflexivo, la convivencia escolar y los procesos intergeneracionales. El componente metodológico se fundamenta en técnicas reflexivas y de análisis, para develar el tratamiento teórico de los autores en relación con los constructos estudiados, de manera que los investigadores puedan generar las debidas inferencias e interpretaciones. Los resultados del análisis conceptual de convivencia y generación, permiten comprender su perfil etimológico y explorar los diferentes significados, desentrañando dos hechos contradictorios, pero a la vez complementarios y necesarios en el marco de la convivencia escolar y el proceso generacional: encuentros y tensiones, los cuales actúan como fundamento insoslayable de diferentes procesos constructivos. Por otra parte, el análisis teórico realizado permite entretejer realidades sobre las cuales se fundamentan la convivencia y los procesos intergeneracionales dentro del contexto escolar. Se concluye al reconocer dichos procesos desde el marco dialógico, como una de las alternativas principales para una adecuada convivencia, al favorecer el encuentro de sus actores, mediante un compartir relacional, cultural, ideológico y simbólico.
Iuri Lotman: interacciones entre semiótica y educación
Authors: Oliveros Elennys Margarita
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo de reflexión tiene como propósito exponer los aportes y postulados de la semiótica de Iuri Lotman (1996; 1998). Para esto, primero se hace un recorrido por la noción de semiótica y sus interrelaciones con otros campos del conocimiento, así como los elementos de confluencia entre esta disciplina y los préstamos terminológicos que ha recibido de áreas como la química y la biología, para finalmente entrar en la discusión de la semiótica como una metaciencia. Luego, se discuten algunos de los postulados de la semiótica lotmaniana, los cuales se sostienen en nociones como semiosfera, texto, frontera y semiosis. Se concluye la reflexión con los aportes de la semiótica en la educación y el importante papel de las operaciones semióticas de atribución, sustitución y superación para explicar cómo durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje el discente intérprete productor identificará nuevos valores gracias al proceso de atribución y sustitución de lo que ya sabía.
Hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan keparahan stroke menggunakan National Institute Health Stroke Scale
Authors: Razdiq Zayyan Misykati , Imran Yudhisman
Published: April 2020

LATAR BELAKANGStroke merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menyebabkan tingkat kematian dan disabilitas yang tinggi. Sebesar 75% dari faktor risiko stroke adalah hipertensi. Semenjak tingkat mortalitas stroke mengalami penurunan, kesempatan hidup pasien pasca-stroke dengan gejala sisa yang diakibatkannya semakin meningkat. Sampai saat in masih diperoleh hasil yang kontroversi antara hubungan tekanan darah dengan keparahan stroke menggunakan National Institute Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), diperoleh hasil penelitian yang menyatakan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan sebagian lain menjumpai hubungan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan tekanan darah dengan hasil keparahan stroke menggunakan NIHSS.

METODEPenelitian ini merupakan studi analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara consecutive non random sampling pada data rekam medik pasien stroke di Rumah Sakit Pusat Otak Nasional (RSPON), Jakarta Timur dari November hingga Desember 2018. Jumlah rekam medik yang diambil adalah 235 buah. Pengambilan data menggunakan data sekunder. NIHSS merupakan skala penilaian valid yang dapat dipercaya dan efisien untuk mengukur derajat neurologis pasien selama stroke akut dan mengukur hasil keluaran klinis setelah terapi. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji korelasi Spearman.

HASILTerdapat hubungan antara tekanan darah sistolik (p=0.01) dan tekanan darah diastolik (p=0.004) dengan tingkat keparahan stroke.

KESIMPULANTerdapat hubungan antara tekanan darah dan keparahan stroke menggunakan NIHSS pada pasien stroke yang dirawat di RSPON.
Hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia
Authors: Noor Chairina Azkya , Merijanti Lie Tanu
Published: April 2020

LATAR BELAKANGSeiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah lansia khususnya di Indonesia, semakin meningkat pula permasalahan penyakit akibat proses degeneratif. Tiga puluh dua koma empat persen lansia di Indonesia mengalami gangguan pada fungsi kognitifnya. Fungsi kognitif merupakan salah satu bagian terbesar yang diatur oleh otak. Penuaan menyebabkan terjadinya banyak perubahan pada otak yang dapat mengarah pada kemunduran fungsi neurokognitif. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang diduga dapat memperlambat penurunan fungsi kognitif, salah satunya adalah aktivitas fisik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia.

METODEJenis penelitian ini merupakan observational analitic dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan November 2015. Sampel diambil secara simple random sampling pada 60 lansia di Posyandu Lansia X, Jakarta. Seluruh lansia yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dinilai aktivitas fisiknya dari pengisian kuesioner Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA), sedangkan nilai fungsi kognitif diperoleh dengan wawancara berdasarkan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia digunakan uji Chi-square.

HASILTerdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia (p=0.000).

KESIMPULANAktivitas fisik dapat mempengaruhi fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Lansia dengan aktivitas fisik golongan regular sampai dengan active memiliki nilai fungsi kognitif yang normal dibandingkan lansia tanpa aktivitas fisik atau termasuk ke dalam golongan under-active.
Respon Masyarakat Kudus Terhadap Asuransi Syariah
Authors: Hakim M. Arif
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this reseach is: (1) How is the response of Kudus society to Syariah insurance; (2) What are the main factors which influence the response of Kudus society to Syariah insurance. This reseach including field reseach with approach qualitative. Data analiysis using descriptive analysis. Result of this reseach indicate that response of Kudus society to Syariah insurance is very good. The main factors which influence the response is factor endogenous and exogenous. Factor endogenous us including prosperity, mount the earnings, life style and custom. Exogenous factor is products of syariah insurance, strat from and closing limit, mount the premium rate, specific things and draw other govermental regulation, and other rule or raxation.