bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Public Service Media and Public Service Internet Utopias Survey Report
Authors: Fuchs Christian
Published: September 2021

This chapter presents the results of the Public Service Media and Public Service Internet Utopias Survey, an exploratory survey conducted by Christian Fuchs. The survey was the first step in the process that led to the Public Service Media and Public Service Internet Manifesto. The exploratory survey was focused on gathering ideas about the future of the Internet and public service media. The survey was qualitative in nature and focused on three themes: communication, digital media and the Internet in an ideal world; progressive reforms of public service media; public service media and the Internet in 2030. There were 141 responses. The survey results informed and structured the further work process that led to the Public Service Media and Public Service Internet Manifesto. The survey provides ample evidence for the importance of Public Service Media for the future of the democratic public sphere and shows that the Public Service Internet is the key issue for the future of Public Service Media. The survey inspired concrete utopian thinking among the respondents in order to generate new ideas about the future of the Internet. The exploratory survey was focused on gathering ideas about the future of the Internet and public service media. The survey was qualitative in nature and focused on three themes: communication, digital media and the Internet in an ideal world; progressive reforms of public service media; public service media and the Internet in 2030. There were 141 responses. The survey results informed and structured the further work process that led to the Public Service Media and Public Service Internet Manifesto. The survey provides ample evidence for the importance of Public Service Media for the future of the democratic public sphere and shows that the Public Service Internet is the key issue for the future of Public Service Media. The survey inspired concrete utopian thinking among the respondents in order to generate new ideas about the future of the Internet.
Public Service Media for Critical Times: Connectivity, Climate, and Corona
Authors: Murdock Graham
Published: September 2021

In this chapter, Graham Murdock analyses the role of public service media in the contemporary times of crisis that have been shaped by connectivity, the climate crisis, and the COVID-19 crisis. Using lots of examples, the political economy of communication approach, and Habermas’s concept of the public sphere, the chapter points out that Public Service Media is not something of the past, but is needed for guaranteeing a vivid and democratic public sphere in the digital age. The chapter points out the potentials of public service media for creating and maintaining digital public spaces that advance information, education, entertainment, and participation. This chapter is a written and amended version of a talk by Graham Murdock that he gave on 15 February 2021 at a webinar that was part of the AHRC project “Innovation in Public Service Media Policy” (https://innopsm.net/) and its research focus on “Envisioning Public Service Media Utopias”. A video of the talk is available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4dJSzyW_GM.
Reduction of drift of operating point in lithium niobate-based integrated-optical circuit
Authors:   Perm State University, Sosunov Alexey V. , Ponomarev Roman S. ,   Perm State University, Zhuravlev Anton A. ,   PJSC “Perm Scientific-Industrial Instrument Making Company”, Mushinsky Sergey S. ,   PJSC “Perm Scientific-Industrial Instrument Making Company”, Kuneva Mariana ,   Institute of Solid State Physics
Published: September 2021

This work is devoted to the study of the drift of the operating point of integrated-optical circuits based on proton-exchange waveguides in lithium niobate crystal with a recovered structure of the near-surface layer. Recovered of the damaged near-surface layer of lithium niobate wafer was carried out using pre-annealing at temperature of 500 °C. Drift of operating point is characterized by a constant change in the optical output power of the integrated-optical circuits when a bias voltage is applied to the electrodes or temperature changes. Recovered of the damaged near-surface layer of lithium niobate wafer leads to a decrease in the short-term and long-term drifts of the operating point of integrated-optical circuits. Crystal structure factor was investigated on the drift of operating point of integrated-optical circuits based on lithium niobate crystal.
Fiber-optic gyroscope with a phase information signal
Authors:   Kolomna Institute of Moscow Polytechnic University, Afanas'ev Vitaliy M. , Ponomarev Roman S. ,   Perm State University; Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS
Published: September 2021

A review of the methods of obtaining and processing the VOG signal is carried out. A gyroscope with the formation of a phase information signal in an interference loop (at the optical level) is proposed. The analysis of digital phase difference meters is carried out. The advantages of a gyroscope with a phase information signal and digital signal processing are the linearity of the scale factor, an increase in the dynamic range and a reduction in the influence of external factors on the measurement result.
A study of plastic strain localization under static and dynamic loading using the StrainMaster non-invasive strain measurement system
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Sokovikov Mikhail A.
Published: September 2021

Static and dynamic testing of specimens specially designed for studying the localization of plastic deformation in AMg6 and D16 alloys were performed on then electromechanical Testometric machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar using the StrainMaster system for noninvasive measurement of shape and deformation. Displacement and strain fields are plotted for special-shaped specimens of AMg6 and D16 alloys subjected to static deformation and dynamic loading. Comparison between the experimentally obtained strain fields and the results of numerical simulation made with account of the kinetics of microdefect accumulation in the examined material demonstrates good agreement to the accuracy of ~20%. The performed tests and their numerical simulation with consideration for the evolution of the defect material structure confirm the concept of the strain localization mechanism associated with the processes in the system of microdefects.
DEVELOPING A METHODOLOGY FOR TRANSDISCURSIVE KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER: AT THE INTERSECTION OF COGNITIVE AND COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS
Authors:   Perm State University, Isaeva Ekaterina V.
Published: September 2021

In the era of modern information society, the study of effective ways of transmitting, receiving, processing, and storing knowledge becomes relevant. Special knowledge, formed in the process of professional activity, stored in the form of ontology in the mind of an individual and represented in the form of the language of professional communication, terminologies, and term systems is of particular value. At the same time, the role of interdisciplinary communication and the communication of special knowledge increases, and the problem of the misrepresentation of special knowledge, caused by the mismatch of communicants’ ontologies, arises in the course of this communication. The solution to this problem could be the mediation of special knowledge during its transfer, which allows transforming the outgoing knowledge with minimal information losses and a high degree of assimilation.This article presents the results of a project aimed at solving this problem of the misrepresentation of special knowledge in the process of interdisciplinary communication. In the framework of the project, the methodology of knowledge mediation was developed, and new software was created to automate the process of term system generation (TSBuilder) and identifying potentially close subject areas for the selection of effective linguistic means of cognitive mediation (TSGraph).The novelty of the research lies in its interdisciplinary approach to the problem solution and the use of data mining tools for the implementation of ontological and metaphorical modelling. The developed methodology of special knowledge mediation can be used to optimize professional communication in various subject areas, especially between experts and nonexperts, as well as in the implementation of students’ professional learning. The software provided is applicable for both linguistic research and other areas involved in professional communication.
Kompleksnyy podkhod k issledovaniyu ekonomicheskogo kinodiskursa
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Lukina Alexandra A.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the economics film discourse. Eleven feature films and documentaries of the economic genre in the English and Russian languages (total duration – 1,221 minutes) served as the material for the research. The article provides an overview of linguistic studies of the economic discourse over the past 20 years, describing three forms of its existence and functioning: scientific economic discourse, official business economic discourse, and popular economic discourse. Further, the author substantiates the feasibility of using film texts as material for linguistic research into the economic discourse, as well as its advantage – the possibility of studying three modes: oral, written, and gestural. The paper presents the following typological aspects of the economics film discourse: target audience, participants in communication, communication code, topic and precedent texts as the main idea. Based on those, the author identifies and describes the target audience of economics films, three binary models of interaction between participants in economic communication and their features. Further, the paper presents typological variety of discourses in which economic communication unfolds. There are considered everyday discourse, mass information discourse, and business discourse. In the last one, the author identifies the following genres: business conversation, business negotiations, office meeting, public speech, presentation, business discussion, press conference, business correspondence. In addition, the author has compiled terminological maps for economics films with the identification of key terms that determine the subject matter and the main problem of each film. The results of the analysis can be used not only in further research in the field of discourse and textual analysis but also as a basis for the formation of lecture and practical materials to be used for the course of business English and in the training of translators in the field of economics.
ON ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF R. M. RILKE’S POETIC LANGUAGE
Authors:   MGIMO University, Voronevskaya Natalia V.
Published: September 2021

This study aims to assess the adequacy of the form of German sonnets when reproduced in English translations. The focus is on interrogative sentences, which, together with the sonnet in the form of a macro-sentence, the shortened verse and enjambment, are the characteristics of the innovative features of Sonnets to Orpheus by R. M. Rilke. The lyrical cycle Sonnets to Orpheus is among the most translated into world languages of Rilke’s poetry works, as well as Duino Elegies. Both professional and amateur poets and translators have been competing to put the Austrian writer’s best poems into English. Here we examine more than twenty English translations of the Sonnets into English, made from 1936 to 2008. The importance of the comparative linguistic-stylistic study of the original and its translations is determined by the continuing interest in Rilke’s works in English-speaking countries and the necessity to understand the principles of reconstructing the features of Rilke’s poetics using the English language. The system of methods used in this work includes: historical and philological analysis, comparative linguistic and stylistic description, as well as comparative analysis of the original and translation in the form that was developed in the works of V. Bryusov (1905), N. Gumilev (1919), M. Lozinsky (1935), E. Etkind (1963), S. Goncharenko (1987). We have found that the innovative nature of German sonnets is not always reflected in English translations. In some translations, American and British translators significantly modified the form of the original: interrogative sentences dominating in XVII and XVIII sonnets of the second part of the lyric cycle were not reproduced in English translations made by G. Good, D. Young, C. Haseloff, N. Mardas Billias and others.
An actor’s management activity as a potential for the conflict of interests: the convergent approach
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Shumkin Evgeniy M.
Published: September 2021

Being a relatively young academic field in Russia, sociology of management started to study the problems of managerial activity not long ago. There exist different approaches to studying it, which leads to pluralism of scientific opinions and theories. Various social processes and elements of the social sphere that determine management activities are presented as accentuated objects. The article provides theoretical understanding of individual and corporate actors and the totality of their interests through the prism of management activities linking them. Moreover, the potential for conflict of interest, as a point of social growth for the actors is conceptualized taking into account their subjective and objective behavioral activity. Assessing the rationality of an individual actor’s behavioral activity and self-selected economic activity, the author touches upon the role of human capital in management as a phenomenon. The person is a nominal part of social management and the process-forming element of a concrete administrative activity even if not being identified with it. The convergent approach as an approach of total knowledge, practices, theories, individual aspects and as an actual interdisciplinary and TRANS-scientific approach is applied to build a certain management model. This model is adequate to external aggressive environment conditions (market, political system, professional community) and immanent resource (intangible, first of all) problems. This is required for the correct construction of the social organization, relevance to the established rules of behavior and for achieving the effectiveness of the management activity itself and the activities it has an impact on. The strengthening of the entire social structure is facilitated by the development of all its social elements. Thus, management activity of corporate actors, as well as financial and economic activity of those are at the forefront of the economy. Consequently, behavioral activities of individuals faced with such stress factors as uncertainty and large amounts of information should be aimed at making productive management decisions.
Two approaches to analyzing sociopolitical movements as a manifestation of the modern civilization crisis
Authors:   Perm State University, Melnikov Viktor O.
Published: September 2021

In social science, there are two approaches to analyzing sociopolitical movements as a manifestation of the modern civilization crisis. The difference between them lies in understanding of the human development process. The substantial approach seeks and finds a single basis in the historical process, and then deduces all social life phenomena from it. The non-substantial approach, on the contrary, considers that such a foundation (substance, essence) does not exist and, therefore, its search is meaningless. Following opposite methodological positions, the representatives of these two approaches variously explain the phenomena of social reality. For instance, from the standpoint of the non-substantial approach, the modern civilization crisis is declared to result from a combination of random factors: technological changes, the hegemony of one or another discourse, the change of the world hegemon in the core-peripheral relations, etc. Hence, from this point of view, the crisis becomes fundamentally inexplicable. Changes that have occurred in the nature of the organization, the forms of activity and the ideology of sociopolitical movements in this case also become random and, as a result, cannot be comprehensively explained. The substantial approach considers the modern crisis to be a result of objective processes taking place in the very foundation of society (primarily in the development of universal labor). Consequently, sociopolitical movements are a form of manifestation of this crisis. The paper emphasizes that differences of these approaches do not have a purely theoretical character, because it is about developing a strategy to overcome the current crisis of civilization, i.e. about the future of mankind.
On the Soviet technological chronotope of the 1970s–1980s
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Politov Andrey V.
Published: September 2021

The article studies the essence of the Soviet technological chronotope (the research object) resulted from a combination of material and semantic achievements of the scientific, technical and sociopolitical development of Soviet society in the 1970s–1980s. The methodological basis of the study is A.A. Ukhtomsky and M.M. Bakhtin’s theory of chronotope, postulating the ontological and functional interconnectedness of time and space. This theory allows revealing a studied object as a structure with two attributes being its forming elements — spatial and temporal. The former depicts belonging to a specific geographical material locus and semantic cultural and civilizational space; the latter describes a certain length and the period of objective time included in the semantic wholeness of interconnected cultural and historical eras. The study reveals the complex nature of its subject, because the fundamental essence of the technological chronotope is formed by the ontological essence of technology. It historically developed as a result of evolution of the European type of thinking, primarily in the classical epistemology of the New Age. The study shows the general essence of the technological chronotope, i.e its formation in the process of objectification of the rational and logical principle that underlies temporary acts of the human mind. The technological chronotope acts as temporal logic of internal chronology of human thinking, this logic being embodied in the space of material objective reality. Further, the study reveals the significance of the unique and original semantic content of the Soviet technological chronotope, surrounding its essential quality and forming a recognizable cultural and historical image. This chronotope is funded by the contradictory evolution of the Soviet social system, whose ideological component significantly evolved. It transformed from demonstrative praising of daily striking labor for the benefit of the global goal of the communist expansion to the era of stagnation, when alienation and depersonalization of everyday being of man served as one of the key reasons for the collapse of the Soviet technological chronotope
Psychological effects of information technology use in relation to ontological security and embodied self (based on the study of undergraduates of humanitarian faculties)
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Kopteva Nataliya V.
Published: September 2021

The model of «normative» use of information technology (offered by V.A. Emelin, A.Sh. Tkhostov, E.I. Rasskazova) describes various psychological effects including changes of psychological boundaries and needs, and psychological dependence. The author of the article suggests that the list of such effects might contain disembodiment resulting from the lack of a person’s physical body due to their being on the aethyr and transformation of a person into an immaterial being (M. McLuhan). The new technological way of being-in-the-world is similar to a schizoid one, which R.D. Laing, a British psychologist and psychiatrist, relates to ontological insecurity, unembodiment (of the mental self in the body) and blurring of the existential boundaries between the «self» and «non-self». The authorial psychological construct of ontological security as a two-level system of experience, based on R.D. Laing’s conception, and authorial diagnostic procedures derived from this construct were used in the study. The first procedure was based on the principle of semantic differential «OS(SD)» and the second procedure was psychometric «OS(PM)». It was discovered that the group of students suffering from more pronounced consequences of normative use of mobile phones and prone to Internet-addicted behavior showed certain effect. It included a decline in manifestations of ontological security as experiencing existential props within and outside their selves, lower degree of existential antagonism (when existence is viewed as «a good life») and inflation of a false self linked to ontological insecurity and disembodiment. The analysis of the total sample revealed the selective nature of connections between the consequences of normative use of mobile phones and ontological security. In particular, a decline of the latter was associated with increasing changes in psychological borders. They involved the changes in the reflection of personal privacy during the expansion and erosion of the psychological borders, and the changes in the use of these conditions to simplify and secure communication with other people.
“ANOTHER” POST-CAPITALISM. THE REVOLUTION OF PERSONALITY AND THE NEW AN-TAGONISTIC SOCIOECONOMIC FORMATION
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Ural Branch of the RASciences, Davydov Dmitriy
Published: September 2021

The article considers the transition to a post-capitalist society as a social revolution of personality. The author proves that such a revolution has been taking place for a relatively long time: as a process of the gradual rise of the personaliat – a stratum of popular creative persons (“people with personality”). Simultaneously, it is argued that in the emerging social relations, within which the personaliat dominates, there are all the signs of an antagonistic socioeconomic formation: social production is concentrated on the creation of competitive and excluded goods (personality production); limited resources are involved in the production of the most demanded goods (attention); access to a key limited resource provides significant advantages that contribute to the formation of a ruling class (the personaliat); the “higher” strata exploit the “lower” (“appropriation” and “theft” of personality); the interests of the ruling class are at odds with the interests of the exploited classes. Finally, it is shown that any antagonistic socioeconomic formation is characterized by a multitude of institutional incarnations, and therefore the domination of the personaliat can be challenged by representatives of the impersonaliat who question the normative value of the category of “personality”.
RUSSIA-EU COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SANCTIONS REGIME (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KOLARCTIC 2014‒2020 PROGRAM)
Authors:   MGIMO University, Maslova Elena ,   The Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the cross-border cooperation between the Northern Calotte states (Finland, Norway, Sweden) and the North-West of Russia within the framework of the Kolarctic program. Nowadays, in the context of the sanctions and counter-sanctions between Russia and the EU, cross-border cooperation is one of the few channels for dialogue between them. The paper analyses the EU Kolarctic program regarding the macro-political context of the EU policy and its environmental, Arctic and border dimensions in particular. The author reveals that the EU has neither Arctic territories nor sufficient tools for political influence in the Arctic region, however, its interest in the region is continuously growing. The EU regards its participation in the Arctic agenda primarily in the context of obtaining observer status in the Arctic Council. European Union expresses concern about climate change and environmental degradation, while seeking to increase imports of energy from the region. The author comes to the conclusion that in addition to the task of reducing the periphery of territories, the EU also pursues the political goals through the program. For instance, strengthening the political presence of the EU in the Arctic region as well as to strengthening its role as a global leader on environmental issues.
A Starch-Milk Paste Enables the Incorporation of Ripened Cheese in Novel Fresh Cheese
Authors: Palyvou-Gianna Elpiniki , Vilela Tatiana Paula , Gomes Ana Maria , Ferreira João Paulo
Published: September 2021

Research background. Fresh cheese varieties represent an important share of the whole cheese market. Although with great variability in terms of composition and method of preparation, fresh cheese varieties are bland in flavour and their production originates whey drainage. On the other hand, the cheese market is also responsible for a significant amount of food waste. These motivated the development of a novel fresh cheese incorporating ripened cheese, which can then represent a valorisation of ripened cheese surpluses.
Experimental approach. A variable amount of ripened cheese was dispersed in a paste
of gelatinized starch (normal corn or waxy rice) in milk, producing melted cheese bases.
These cheese bases were diluted with milk, sometimes enriched with skimmed milk powder, and then renneted. Macronutrient content and physical properties of the resultant fresh cheese were characterized. Sensory analyses of samples incorporating mature Cheddar, goat’s or ewe’s cheese were carried out.
Results and conclusions. Gel formation of the initial mixture was hindered above 8 %
(m/m) incorporation of ripened cheese, which could be overcome by the addition of
skimmed milk powder. These observations are corroborated by the hardness values from texture analysis tests. Evaluation of syneresis of different samples enabled to conclude that the addition of 2 % (m/m) starch and 2.8 % (m/m) skimmed milk powder contributes to reduction of its magnitude by half. Sensory analysis with a consumer panel indicated a preference for a more consistent texture of the fresh cheese, and for the Cheddar flavour.
Novelty and scientific contribution. A novel fresh cheese variety incorporating dispersed
ripened cheese was prepared. The proposed method is versatile and quite straightforward and does not use polyphosphate salts or originate whey wastage. The fresh cheese physical and sensorial properties can be manipulated by the amounts and types of added starch, ripened cheese and skimmed milk powder; such tailoring of fresh cheese properties widens product portfolio capacity for a larger number of consumer groups. The added ripened cheese can come from non-sellable pieces and unsold stocks from the retail sector, contributing to a reduction of food waste.
Review on Molecular Diagnosis of Cestode and Metacestode in Cattle
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bedano Woreda Veterinary Clinic, East Hararghe, Ethiopia, Bilal Ziyad M. , Musa Kedir S. ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, College of Veterinary Medicine, P. O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Published: September 2021

Cestode infestations in animals are the most important parasite of livestock and humans because most of these parasites are zoonotic causing cysticercosis and hydatidosis in man and it causes economic and production losses in livestock. Diagnosis of Taenia Spp by microscopic observation lack sensitivity and specificity and detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique form cross-reaction. The molecular diagnostic can be best to detect in adult and larval stage in definitive and intermediate host based on the amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of target gene with the primer using a different technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) such as multiplex PCR. Conventional PCR, real-time PCR, nested PCR, and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) are highly sensitive for the diagnosis of cestode and metacestode. Those diagnoses are used for differentiation of Taenia species and differentiation of Taenia and Echinococcus species. As compared to other diagnostic techniques most molecular methods have higher sensitivity and specificity but due to the relatively higher cost, few are commercially available. Most of the molecular diagnostic tests developed to date are generally applicable for laboratory research purposes. The developments in the genomic and proteomic analysis should be used for further understanding of parasite-animal host interaction to find additional targets for diagnosis.
Host Related Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Vector Density in Halu District of Ilubabor Zone, West Ethiopia
Authors:   National Institute for Control and Eradication of Tsetse Fly and Trypanosomosis, Kaliti Tsetse Fly Mass Rearing and Irradiation Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Bekele Dagim , Beshir Ahimadin ,   Bedele Tsetse Fly Control and Eradication Center, Ethiopia
Published: September 2021

Background Trypanosomosis is disease caused by unicellular parasites, trypanosome, found blood and other tissue of vertebrates; including livestock, wild life and people. It is a serious disease in domestic livestock causing a significant negative impact on food production and economic growth in many parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Its epidemiology and impact on livestock production are largely determined by the prevalence and distribution of the disease and its vectors in the affected area. Aim To assess the host related risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis and apparent density of tsetse flies in four peasant associations of the study area. In relation to the host risk factors, the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was highest in those animals with poor body condition. Results The overall 5.32% prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was recorded from 432 blood sample collected from randomly selected animals using Buffy coat method. Trypanosoma congolense was the dominant species 14 (60.87%). However, it was not statistically significant between sex of animals (p>0.05). The mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of the infected animals was lower (20.65%±2.85) compared to non-infected animals (25.74%±4.80). There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the PCV values of infected and non-infected animals. Moreover, animals with different body condition exhibited statistically significant variation (p<0.05) in the prevalence of trypanosomosis. Overall an apparent density of the flies was 2.42 f/t/d by using mono-pyramidal and biconical traps. It indicated that, G. morsitance submorsitance, G. pallidipes and G. tachinoides were tsetse flies species caught. Conclusion Finally, this work showed that trypanosomosis is an important disease affecting the health and productivity of cattle in the district. Hence, due attention should be given to this sector so as to improve livestock production and agricultural development in the area.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Supply and Demand for Payload Limited Routes
Authors: Poprawa S. , Dala L.
Published: September 2021

Large commercial aircraft by design are typically not capable of transporting maximum fuel capacity and maximum payload simultaneously. Beyond the maximum payload range, fuel requirements reduce payload capability. Varying environmental conditions further impact payload capability noticeably. An airline’s commercial department requires prior knowledge of any payload restrictions, to restrict booking levels accordingly. Current forecasting approaches use monthly average performance, at, typically, the 85% probability level, to determine such payload capability. Such an approach can be overly restrictive in an industry where yields are marginal, resulting in sellable seats remaining empty. Monte Carlo simulation principles were applied to model the variance in environmental conditions, as well as in the expected payload demand. The resulting forecasting model allows the risk of demand exceeding supply to be assessed continually. Payload restrictions can then be imposed accordingly, to reduce the risk of demand exceeding supply to a required risk level.
Drowsiness Detection using Android Application and Mobile Vision Face API
Authors: Rajkumarsingh B. , Totah D.
Published: September 2021

Absence of forbearance among drivers, fatigue and irresponsible behaviour among drivers result in countless fatal crashes and road traffic injuries. Driver drowsiness is a highly problematic issue which impairs judgment and decision making among drivers resulting in fatal motor crashes. This paper describes a simple drowsiness detection approach for a smartphone with Android application using Android Studio 3.6.1 and Mobile Vision API for drowsiness detection before and while driving. Physiological analysis and a quick facial analysis were performed to check drowsiness before the driver starts driving. The smartphone camera was used for analysing the heart rate by tracking colour changes due to blood flow on the fingertip. Facial analysis was undertaken by Google Vision API which determined the head position, blinking duration and yawning frequency through the eye opening and mouth opening probabilities. The heart rate, blinking duration, yawning frequency and speeding were used as indicators for drowsiness. The facial analysis was repeated with speeding data while driving with results analysed each one minute. A performance accuracy of the combined results with speeding detection proved to be around 93.3%.
Construction of individual ddRAD libraries v1
Authors: Daguin Thiebaut Claire , Ruault Stephanie , Roby Charlotte , Broquet Thomas , Viard Frédérique , Brelsford Alan
Published: September 2021

This protocol describes a double digested restriction-site associated DNA (ddRADseq) procedure, that is a variation on the original RAD sequencing method (Davey & Blaxter 2011), which is used for de novo SNP discovery and genotyping. This protocol differs from the original ddRADseq protocol (Peterson et al 2012), in which the samples are pooled just after the ligation to adaptors (i.e. before size selection and PCR). The present ddRAD protocol as been slightly adapted from Alan Brelsford's protocol published in the supplementary material of this paper: Brelsford, A., Dufresnes, C. & Perrin, N. 2016. High-density sex-specific linkage maps of a European tree frog (Hyla arborea) identify the sex chromosome without information on offspring sex. Heredity 116, 177–181 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2015.83 In the present protocol, all samples are treated separately, in a microplate, until final PCR amplification performed before pooling. Despite being slightly more costly and time-consuming in the lab, it allows for fine adjustement of each sample representation in the final library pool, ensuring similar number of sequencing reads per sample in the final dataset. Briefly, genomic DNA from the samples are individually digested with 2 restriction enzymes (one rare-cutter and one more frequent cutter) then ligated to a barcoded adaptor (among 24 available) at one side, and a single adaptor at the other side, purified with magnetic beads, and PCR-amplified allowing the addition of a Illumina index (among 12 available) for multiplexing a maximum of 288 sample per library. Samples are then pooled in equimolar conditions after visualisation on an agarose gel. Purification and size selection is then performed before final quality control of the library and sequencing.
Etiological classification of seizures in pediatric age group (6-12years) – MRI study
Authors:   Associate Professor, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, India, Gopalakrishnan Dr. Nirmalkumar , Gaffoor Dr. Mohammed Ansari ,   Assistant Professor, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, India
Published: September 2021

Background: A seizure is an occurrence of signs or symptoms due to abnormal excessive orsynchronous neuronal activity in the brain. The present study aims to study the etiological factorsand clinical profile for new-onset seizures in children aged 6-12 years and to determine thefrequency of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the pediatrics age group with new-onset unprovoked seizure and those with inadequately investigated longstanding epilepsy andclassify the etiology based on the MRI findings. Methods: A prospective study involving a total of 50patients was recruited aged between 6 to 12 years. All of them underwent neuro-imaging with MRI.Uncooperative patients were imaged following sedation and monitoring by the anesthetist. Allchildren aged 6-12 years who presented with new-onset seizures were included. All MR images wereobtained at a 3-mm section thickness except magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo images,which are obtained at a 1.8-mm section thickness. Results: Of the 50 patients 28 presented withgeneralized tonic-clonic seizures, 12 with simple partial seizures, 10 with complex partial seizures.Generalized seizures were a more common presentation than partial seizures in children 6-12 yearsof age. Conclusion: With the positivity of the MRI in the new-onset seizure in children between 6-12 years in our study gives an important aspect of the essential factor of imaging in pediatric new-onset seizures.
Modern Problems of Gasification of Coal Fuels (Brief Overview)
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Radzyuk Alexander Yu.
Published: September 2021

The analysis of literary sources in the field of gasification of water-coal fuel is presented. The results of theoretical studies of the physicochemical laws of gasification and determination of the most expedient operating parameters based on the calculated composition of synthesis gas using a mathematical model of heat and mass transfer processes occurring with a moving fuel particle in the volume of the gas generator are considered. Comparison of theoretical and theoretical and experimental data of the process of low-temperature gasification of water-coal fuel on air and oxygen blast, demonstrating the adequacy of this model. Conclusions are made about the main advantages and disadvantages of using this method of coal combustion. It is shown that one of the most promising technologies for the energy use of coal is the preparation of coal-water suspensions, which are composite liquid fuel with predetermined technological and rheological properties to ensure minimum operating costs during its preparation, storage, transportation, combustion or gasification. The main results of work on the cavitation treatment of a coal-water suspension and fuel preparation obtained by the authors of the articles are presented
Analysis and Risk Assessment of the Working Conditions of a Steam Turbine Operator
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Andrunyak Irina V.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the negative factors of a steam turbine operator of the 5th category using the example of the Krasnoyarsk CHP. The main factors determining the working conditions are reflected. Based on the results of a special assessment of working conditions classes (subclasses) of conditions for a steam turbine operator have been identified. The definitions and the procedure for assessing occupational risk, taking into account injuriesin hazardous areas, have been formulated, on the basis of which a tree of events of the occurrence of accidents has been built. The calculation of risk assessment of working conditions, where the main harmful factor is the impact of noise on the human body and the resulting hearing loss is proposed
Improvement of Pressing Technology of Products from Polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Negrov Dmitriy A.
Published: September 2021

The development of new methods for obtaining materials with predetermined operational properties that ensure the durability and the wear resistance of friction units is an urgent problem in modern material science. The article considers the effect of ultrasonic pressing modes with simultaneously superimposed low-frequency amplitude modulation on the mechanical and tribotechnical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene. The comparison of the obtained research results of the new technology is carried out with the traditional pressing technology. The results of studies indicated that the technology of ultrasonic pressing with the simultaneous application of low-frequency amplitude modulation makes it possible to increase the mechanical properties of PTFE: the tensile strength by 15 %, elongation by 13 %, the elastic modulus by 8 %, the hardness by 12 %, while the intensity of the mass wear rate is reduced by 40 %, and the coefficient of friction by 27 %
Information ethics as a necessary element of the regulation of the modern information society
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korobko M. I.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the importance of information ethics in the active development of information and communication technologies. Active research on the issues of cyberspace has been conducted since the second half of the ХХth century. These studies are becoming more intensive every year. Many scientists are interested in analysis of these issues because communication plays the fundamental role in our dynamic modern world. Modern telecommunication technologies and, first of all, the global Internet, are one of the most important factors in the development of the world community, which has a decisive influence on the social, political, economic and socio-cultural spheres. And the global pandemic Covid-19 since 2020 has brought these issues to the forefront of socio-humanitarian research. The information space of the Internet, which has already become the main infrastructure of social communication at the local and global levels, is a relatively new cultural phenomenon. It is obvious that a clear and effective system of moral regulation in this area has not yet developed. This space provides a person with unprecedented opportunities in terms of personal freedom, challenging traditional moral attitudes. Of course, this raises many ethical issues, both general and applied, related to the spread of coercive and aggressive Internet advertising, pornography, violence, intrusion, privacy, and many other aspects. Computer technologies are not neutral. They are filled with human, cultural and social values. These values can be predicted and taken into account, they can appear and evolve after many trials and errors. In our multicultural world conflicting value system can often arise. Future research needs to do as much as possible to create a broader and more promising concept of what it means to be human in the stream of transformations that exist today. The solution of certain problems in information ethics is different depending on who solves these problems. All dilemmas and problems within the framework of the considered direction of applied ethics are open, and no one can give an exact answer to the questions yet. Thus, since in the modern information society there is a direct relationship between the intensity of technological development and the growth of crises in the field of moral values and spiritual culture, information ethics already makes a serious claim to the moral regulation of human behaviour.
COVID-19 pandemic prediction model based on machine learning in selected regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Gavrilov D. V. , Abramov R. V. , Kirilkina А. V. , Ivshin А. А. , Novitskiy R. E.
Published: September 2021

Background. Prediction of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) spread is important to take timely measures and initiate systemic preventive and anti-epidemic actions both at the regional and state levels to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Objective: to develop a model for short-term forecasting of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. The data for the model training were collected from the Stopcoronavirus.rf and Johns Hopkins University portals. It included 13 features to assess the infection dynamics and mortality, as well as the rate of morbidity and mortality in different countries and certain regions of the Russian Federation. The model was trained by the CatBoost gradient boosting method and retrained daily with updated data.

Results. The forecast model of COVID-19 cases and deaths for the period of up to 14 days was created. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) estimate of the model’s accuracy ranged from 2.3% to 24% for 85 regions of the Russian Federation. The advantage of the CatBoost machine learning method over linear regression was shown using the example of the root mean square error (RMSE) value. The model showed less error for regions with a large population than for less populated ones.

Conclusion. The model can be used not only to predict the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection but also to control and assess the spread of diseases from the group of new infections at their emergence, peak incidence, and stabilization period.
Fund for evaluation funds formed as a result of interim certification of residents in the training discipline (module) «geriatrics»
Authors: Puzin Sergey N. , Chandirli Sevda A. , Bogova Olga T. , Potapov Vladimir N. , Khludeeva Tatyana A. , Aliev Ahmed K.
Published: September 2021

The WCF of intermediate certification of students by discipline (module) is intended to assess the degree of compliance of the formed competencies among students with the requirements of the GEF WO. Intermediate certification is carried out in the form established by the curriculum of the program: offset, differentiated offset, exam, coursework, report.
The features of repeated disability of the adult population as a result diseases of the genitourinary system in 2015-2019
Authors: Calacheva Ganna M. , Zapariy Sergey P. , Puzin Sergey N.
Published: September 2021

The analysis of repeated disability of the adult population as a result of diseases of the genitourinary system in Moscow in comparison with the indicators of the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation for the period 2015-2019 revealed that extensive and intensive indicators of repeated disability in Moscow are lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. In the age structure of repeated disability among young people as a result of diseases of the genitourinary system, the predominance in the Russian Federation was revealed, significant differences in values and dynamics among young people in Moscow and the Central Federal district were not revealed. The lowest proportion of middle-aged people was recorded in Moscow, which is lower than in the Central Federal district and the Russian Federation. There was a significant predominance of people of retirement age with a tendency to increase their level and share. The severity of disability was dominated by I group of disabled people with a tendency of increasing their specific weight and a relatively stable level. The second place was taken by disabled people of II group with a tendency of increasing their share.