bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Knowledge Regarding Diabetes Mellitus in Medical Students of Nepal
Authors: Joshi Bishal , Pokharel Buddhi Raj , Kar Sanjit Kumar , Mahotra Narayan Bahadur , Shrestha Laxmi , Yadav Shankar , Shrivastava Amit Kumar
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with a very high prevalence. Adequate knowledge about diabetes mellitus is essential for medical students as they are future frontline warriors for its management. In the present study, we have attempted to assess the knowledge of medical students related to various aspects of DM.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, 445 medical students studying in the Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa, Nepal were included. A total of 20 self-designed questionnaires regarding DM were used as a study tool. Each question was allocated a score of one making 20 the highest possible score. The students who scored 13 (65%) or more were regarded as having good knowledge, and those scoring below 13 were considered as having poor knowledge related to DM. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS

Preclinical students were 309 (69.4%) and 136 (30.6%) clinical students. The mean knowledge score of the total participants were 13.54 ±3.68.  The clinical students (16.23 ±2.26) were found to have better knowledge about DM than the preclinical students (12.36 ±3.56). Year wise evaluation showed that, on average, all except first-year students had good knowledge regarding DM, with the final year students having highest mean score (18.80 ±2.29). No significant difference in the knowledge was found between MBBS and BDS students.

CONCLUSION

The majority of the medical students had good basic knowledge regarding DM. Clinical students had significantly higher knowledge in comparison to preclinical students.
Regression Equation and Multiplication Factor for the Reconstruction of Stature by Femur Length
Authors: Karki Raj Kumar , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Khan Abdul Sami , Regmi Sudeep
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Stature is the important parameter along with age, sex and race while identifying bodies. Stature has direct relationship with the skeletal dimensions most importantly with lower limbs. This study attempts to derive regression equation (RE) and multiplication factor (MF) from femur length (FL) which could be used for stature reconstruction.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study was conducted amongst the 160 students and staff of Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal for the period of six months from February 2020 to July 2020. The sample was composed of 95 males and 65 females between the age of 18 - 40 years. The femoral length and height was measured in standard position using standard measuring instruments. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 25.

 

RESULTS

The mean height and femur length of overall sample was 162.33 ±7.62 cm and 40.14 ±2.132 cm respectively, male surpassing the female dimensions. There was a strong correlation between femur length and stature (r = 0.723, 0.869 and 0.791 for males, females, and overall participants respectively). MF was derived as 4.084 ±0.139, 3.99 ±0.11, 4.047 ±0.135 and RE was derived as y = 75.51 + 2.13*FL ±4.06, y = 55.238 + 2.581*FL ±2.999, y = 48.791 + 2.829*FL ±4.672 for males, females and overall participants. Both methods were checked for accuracy and could successfully interpret the height (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION

The femoral length was found to be a reliable estimator of stature of an individual by using both RE and MF.
Awareness Regarding Complementary Feeding Among Mothers in a Municipality of Nawalparasi District, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Sigma , Bhusal Chet Kant , Shreesh Khima
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Complementary feeding is key to promoting healthy growth and development, particularly during the first two years of a child’s life. Lack of awareness and inappropriate feeding practices are a major cause of the onset of malnutrition in young children. The aim of the study was to find out the awareness regarding complementary feeding among mothers in a Municipality of Nawalparasi District, Nepal.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the awareness regarding complementary feeding among 67 mothers selected through non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data was collected by using semi-structured interview schedule and was analyzed by using descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi square) with Statistical Package for Social Science software (SPSS) version 20.0. The total duration of the study was from September 5, 2018 to September 19, 2018.

RESULTS

The findings of the study revealed that almost half (47.8%) of the mothers had low level awareness regarding complementary feeding. There was no statistically significant association between respondents’ level of awareness regarding complementary feeding and socio- demographic variables.

CONCLUSION

Based on the study findings, it is concluded that still half of the respondents had low awareness regarding complementary feeding. If all the mothers were aware regarding complementary feeding. They can prevent the consequences of under-nutrition thereby enabling children to receive appropriate nutrition. Thus it would be recommended to concerned authority to conduct awareness program to mothers regarding complementary feeding.
Role of Social Organization Empowering Children
Authors: Koirala Namita
Published: January 2021

This research paper is a study on empowering children for being socio-economically independent by social organization. The primary purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the prominent factors that have helped children to live their life independently. Moreover, this study attempts to explore whether there is any variation in children under 18who are living in social organization and children living with their own parents. It show show a social organization would help to empower children under age of 18, living with them for their future. For successful completion of the research, a quantitative and applied research methodology has been used in this study. The study reveals that how social organization helped for children being socio-economically independent; depends on skills and ability, uncovering the role of social organization for children sustainable lifestyle, methods and brain development learning’s and some convenient availability of informationand way of education.
A Habermasian Approach to the Examination of Language Teachers’ Cognitive Interests
Authors: Villalobos-Buehner Maria
Published: January 2021

Language teacher educators train pre-service teachers in numerous theories and pedagogical practices of language learning and language teaching. They expect that their student teachers will translate this conceptual and practical knowledge into action during their practicum. However, in the process of determining pre-service teachers’ readiness for the field experience and the profession in general, methods classes measure only their conceptual knowledge and omit looking at their student teachers’ belief system about language teaching and learning. This belief system is a strong indicator of how the students organize their knowledge for application (Borg, 2003) and may help teacher educators gauge students’ read ness in the use of new pedagogies that these pre-service teachers may not have experienced before. Using two reflective essays and a piece of authentic assessment as instruments to gather data, as well as Jürgen Habermas’s theory on cognitive interests as a framework to explore the espoused beliefs of nine pre-service language teachers at the end of a methodscourse, this qualitative study addressed the following questions: What levels of cognitive interests do the nine pre-service world language and ESL teachers exhibit prior to student teaching? To what extent do the students’ levels of cognitive interests change during the methods course called Teaching a Second Language? What are the most common cognitive interests regarding such areas of teaching performance, such as methodology and assessment among the participants? The results show that the nine pre-service teachers held mostly technicaland some practical cognitive interests at the beginning of the semester. In the end, most of the participants held practical interests, and three out of the nine pre-service teachers held elementary emancipatory beliefs. One pedagogical recommendation is to include experiences in the training of pre-service teachers that promote emancipatory beliefs that could support teachers in their pursuit of transforming challenging social conditions while examining and adopting new pedagogies.
Sistem Informasi Human Capital Management System Berbasis Web Pada PT. Asia Berjaya Mobilindo
Authors: Saryoko Andi , Kurniawan Arie , Dalis Sopiyan , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: January 2021

Pada saat ini dalam proses sistem penggajian masih terdapat beberapa perusahaan yang menerapkan sistem manual/konvensional. Analisa kali ini penulis menganalisa pada PT. Asia Berjaya Mobilindo. Sistem pencetakan slip gaji, rekap absensi, pengajuan dan pengelolaan cuti pegawai yang digunakan masih menggunakan catatan kertas dan secara manual. Oleh karena itu masih banyak terjadi kesalahan dalam pencetakan slip gaji, absensi, pencatatan cuti, sehingga cukup menyulitkan untuk melakukan rekapitulasi absensi, hari cuti dan laporan cuti setiap pegawai. Dengan ini penulis membuat skripsi sistem informasi human capital management system berbasis web pada PT. Asia Berjaya Mobilindo. Diusulkan dalam pembuatan sistem informasi human capital management system berbasis web dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan basis data Mysql. Dengan dibuatnya sistem ini penulis berharap perusahaan akan mampu meminimalisir kesalahan-kesalahan yang ada pada sistem lama, sehingga sistem akan dapat lebih efektif dan efisien. Kata Kunci: Sistem Informasi, Human Capital management System, Web
Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Perjalanan Ibadah Umrah
Authors: Setiawan Wawan , Sari Ani Oktarini
Published: January 2021

Perkembangan sistem pelayanan perjalanan ibadah umrah, tergolong cukup lambat dibanding dengan perkembangan sistem informasi yang lain, hampir semua perusahaan pelayanan perjalanan ibadah umrah, masih mempertahankan cara-cara konvensional yang menggunakan banyak pengumpulan dokumen fisik. Oleh karena itu, PT. Margi Suci Minarfa berencana menjadi salah satu perusahaan yang meninggalkan metode konvensioal dan beralih menggunakan tekonologi digital yang sedang berkembang yakni dengan menggunakanmedia website. Selain menjadi media promosi, website yang akan dibuat diharapkan mampu memberikan kemudahan akses bagi calon peserta umrah maupun bagi pihak perusahaan. Peserta umrah tidak lagi harus repot datang ke kantor untuk mengurus berkas-berkas karena upload dokumen dan pembayaran bisa dilakukan via website. Dan untuk staff dapat mengecek kelengkapan dokumen tersebut via website. Dalam pembuatan sistem informasi pelayanan perjalanan ibadah umrah ini menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem Waterfall. Pembuatan situs web, menggunakan  framework CodeIgniter dan MySQL sebagai databasenya. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan menghasilkan website sistem informasi pelayanan perjalanan ibadah umrah yang dapat menghasilkan sistem informasi yang efektif dan efisien serta mempermudah dalam pengolahan data.
Dinamika Resiliensi Pada Istri yang Menjadi Korban Perselingkuhan Suami
Authors: Nugraha Andreas Corsini Widya , Rahmi Hanna
Published: January 2021

Marriage is basically building a sacred bond in which there are two persons united with a commitment to living together for all time. Every couple crave a harmonious relationship, get warmth, and eternal affection. But sometimes the desired happiness can not be realized, because of the various problems that overshadow in the world of marriage one of which is infidelity. The study used a qualitative case study approach with 2 research subjects. Something that is unique in this study is when the phenomenon of infidelity involving a husband, but the household can still be maintained. The resilience mechanism found in wives who are victims of husband infidelity is the "reaching out" model, namely healing from trauma by searching for more positive life experiences.

 

Keywords: Case studies, Infidelity, Resilience, Reaching Out

 

Abstrak

 

Pernikahan pada dasarnya adalah membangun sebuah ikatan suci dimana ada dua pribadi yang disatukan dengan komitmen hidup bersama sepanjang masa. Setiap pasangan mendambakan hubungan yang harmonis, mendapat kehangatan, dan kasih sayang yang abadi. Namun terkadang pernikahan yang bahagia tidak terwujud, karena berbagai permasalahan yang mambayangi dalam dunia pernikahan salah satunya adalah perselingkuhan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus dengan 2 subjek penelitian. Sesuatu yang unik pada penelitian ini adalah ketika terjadi fenomena perselingkuhan yang melibatkan suami, tetapi rumah tangga masih bisa dipertahankan. Mekanisme resiliensi yang ditemukan pada istri yang menjadi korban perselingkuhan suami adalah model “reaching out”, yaitu penyembuhan dari trauma dengan mencari pengalaman hidup yang lebih positif.   

 

Kata kunci: Studi Kasus, Perselingkuhan, Resiliensi, Reaching Out
Epileptogenic zone localization using intraoperative gamma oscillation regularity analysis in epilepsy surgery for cavernomas: patient series
Authors: Sato Yosuke , Tsuji Yoshihito , Kawauchi Yuta , Iizuka Kazuki , Kobayashi Yusuke , Irie Ryo , Sugiyama Tatsuya , Mizutani Tohru
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

In epilepsy surgery for cavernoma with intractable focal epilepsy, removal of the cavernoma with its surrounding hemosiderin deposition and other extended epileptogenic zone has been shown to improve postsurgical seizures. However, there has been no significant association between such an epileptogenic zone and intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) findings. The authors recently demonstrated that high regular gamma oscillation (30–70 Hz) regularity (GOR) significantly correlates with epileptogenicity.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors evaluated the utility of intraoperative GOR analysis in epilepsy surgery for cavernomas. The authors also analyzed intraoperative ECoG data from 6 patients with cavernomas. The GOR was calculated using a sample entropy algorithm. In 4 patients, the GOR was significantly high in the area with the pathological hemosiderin deposition. In 2 patients with temporal cavernoma, the GOR was significantly high in both the hippocampus and the area with the pathological hemosiderin deposition. ECoG showed no obvious epileptic waveforms in 3 patients, whereas extensive spikes were observed in 3 patients. All patients underwent cavernoma removal plus resection of the area with significantly high GOR. The 2 patients with temporal cavernomas underwent additional hippocampal transection. All patients were seizure free after surgery.

LESSONS

The high GOR may be a novel intraoperative marker of the epileptogenic zone in epilepsy surgery for cavernomas.
Intracranial temporal bone angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma: illustrative case
Authors: Gillon Shivani , Junn Jacqueline C. , Sloan Emily A. , Gupta Nalin , Reddy Alyssa , Li Yi
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare, slowly progressive neoplasm that most commonly occurs in soft tissues. AFH rarely occurs in bone such as the calvaria. The authors present a case of AFH in the petrous temporal bone, which, to their knowledge, is the first case of AFH in this location.

OBSERVATIONS

A 17-year-old girl presented with worsening positional headaches with associated tinnitus and hearing loss. Imaging demonstrated an extraaxial mass extending into the right cerebellopontine angle, with erosion of the petrous temporal bone, with features atypical for a benign process. The patient underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy for tumor resection. Pathology was consistent with a spindle cell tumor, and genetic testing further revealed an EWSR1 gene rearrangement, confirming the diagnosis of AFH. The patient was discharged with no complications. Her symptoms have resolved, and surveillance imaging has shown no evidence of recurrence.

LESSONS

The authors report the first case of AFH in the petrous temporal bone and only the second known case in the calvaria. This case illustrates the importance of the resection of masses with clinical and imaging features atypical of more benign entities such as meningiomas. It is important to keep AFH in the differential diagnosis for atypical masses in the calvaria and skull base.
Pituitary stone resulting in visual dysfunction and spontaneous rhinorrhea in nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: illustrative case
Authors: Kanemitsu Takuya , Ikeda Naokado , Fukumura Masao , Sakai Satoshi , Oku Hidehiro , Furuse Motomasa , Nonoguchi Naosuke , Hiramatsu Ryo , Kawabata Shinji , Imagawa Akihisa , Ikeda Tsunehiko , Wanibuchi Masahiko
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Calcifications in pituitary adenomas are rare, being found in only 5.4%–25% of reported cases. These are divided into eggshell-like calcifications around the tumor and nodular calcifications at the center of the tumor, the latter of which are called “pituitary stones” (PSs).

OBSERVATIONS

The authors report the case of a 60-year-old male with a nonfunctional pituitary adenoma with PSs and asymptomatic ventricular dilatation who presented with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and rapid visual aggravation without an increase in tumor size over the course of 4 years. After endoscopic transnasal surgery, his visual acuity immediately improved temporarily. It was believed that the increased intracranial pressure due to secondary hydrocephalus resulted in visual aggravation; thus, a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt was created. After creation of the VP shunt, the patient’s visual acuity improved gradually and completely. Histological findings showed that adenoma cells were observed among the lamellar bone trabeculae. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first report of osteoid metaplasia–type PSs in nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma.

LESSONS

PSs formed near the sellar floor and caused spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea due to direct mechanical stress on the dura mater and optic nerves, which may have caused meningitis and secondary hydrocephalus that resulted in visual impairment independent of tumor size.
Evidence for increased intraabdominal pressure as a cause of recurrent migration of the distal catheter of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: illustrative case
Authors: Lee Christopher , Chiu Lucinda , Mathew Pawan , Luiselli Gabrielle , Ogagan Charles , Daci Rrita , Owusu-Adjei Brittany , Carroll Rona S. , Johnson Mark D.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Placement of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is an effective treatment for several disorders of cerebrospinal fluid flow. A rare complication involves postoperative migration of the distal catheter out of the intraperitoneal compartment and into the subcutaneous space. Several theories attempt to explain this phenomenon, but the mechanism remains unclear.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors report the case of a 37-year-old nonobese woman who underwent placement of a VP shunt for idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Postoperatively, the distal catheter of the VP shunt migrated into the subcutaneous space on three occasions despite the use of multiple surgical techniques, including open and laparoscopic methods of abdominal catheter placement. Notably, the patient repeatedly displayed radiographic evidence of chronic bowel distention consistent with increased intraperitoneal pressure.

LESSONS

In this case, the mechanism of catheter migration into the subcutaneous space did not appear to be caused by pulling of the catheter from above but rather by expulsion of the catheter from the peritoneum. Space in the subcutaneous tissues caused by open surgical placement of the catheter was permissive for this process. Patients with chronic increased intraabdominal pressure, such as that caused by bowel distention, obesity, or Valsalva maneuvers, may be at increased risk for distal catheter migration.
Decompression of the internal auditory canal via the retrosigmoid approach in a patient with Camurati-Engelmann disease: illustrative case
Authors: Achahbar Salah-Eddine , Somers Thomas , Van Havenbergh Tony
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a rare condition characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones and skull base. Symptoms include contractures and pain in affected extremities but can also include manifestations of cranial hyperostosis such as intracranial hypertension, Chiari malformation, exophthalmia, frontal bossing, and several cranial neuropathies due to cranial foraminal stenosis.

OBSERVATIONS

This report describes a 27-year-old patient with suspected CED who developed progressive intermittent facial nerve paresis, hemifacial spasms, and a decrease in hearing. There were no symptoms of increased intracranial pressure or vertigo. Radiological evaluation showed a significant thickening of the skull base with serious bilateral internal auditory canal stenosis. Because of the progressive nature of the aforementioned cranial neuropathies in combination with the correlating severe radiological compression, a surgical decompression of the facial nerve and vestibulocochlear nerve was performed via a retrosigmoid approach with intraoperative monitoring. Postoperative facial nerve function was intact. Hearing and vestibular function were unchanged. There were no more episodes of facial nerve palsy or spasm.

LESSONS

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report to describe decompression of the internal auditory canal via a retrosigmoid approach for symptomatic facial and cochlear nerve compression in a patient with CED.
Papillary craniopharyngioma in a patient following resection of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: illustrative case
Authors: Park David J. , Mishra Akash , Golub Danielle , Li Jian Y. , Black Karen S. , Schulder Michael
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Although craniopharyngioma and pituitary adenoma are common tumors of the sellar or suprasellar region, the development of papillary craniopharyngioma in the same sellar region after resection of a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma has not been reported.

OBSERVATIONS

Here the authors report the first case of craniopharyngioma that developed long after resection of a pituitary adenoma. A 66-year-old male patient underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection for a large sellar mass, which histopathologically confirmed the diagnosis of a pituitary adenoma. He had an excellent recovery after surgery. For several years, he had no clinical or imaging evidence of tumor recurrence and then was lost to follow-up. Seven years after the initial surgery, the patient returned with a one-month history of visual field defects, and imaging confirmed a heterogeneous, cystic suprasellar mass. Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the tumor was performed, and histological examination showed it to be a papillary craniopharyngioma.

LESSONS

Neurosurgeons should be aware that after pituitary adenoma resection, a recurrent mass could be a craniopharyngioma, with implications for very different management recommendations.
OPTIMALISASI PELAYANAN INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS FISHBONE (STUDI KASUS PADA RSIA X PADANG)
Authors: Aisyiah Intan Kamala , Basri Suneva Basri
Published: January 2021

Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak (RSIA) X merupakan salah satu rumah sakit swasta yang bergerak di bidang pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Kota Padang yang menyediakan pelayanan rawat inap, rawat jalan dan gawat darurat. Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) sebagai unit pelayanan terdepan menjadi salah satu bagian dari rumah sakit yang memegang peranan cukup penting dalam memberikan pelayanan terhadap masyarakat yang datang ke IGD. RSIA X Padang masih menemukan kendala dalam melakukan optimalisasi pelayanan di Instalasi Gawat Darurat, diantaranya seperti pada faktor manusia, metode dan lingkungan, yang kemudian hal ini memerlukan perhatian yang cukup besar bagi pihak manajemen rumah sakit untuk menghadapi tantangan persaingan IGD, terutama IGD di masa yang akan datang. Salah satu solusi yang bisa diterapkan untuk mengatasi kendala-kendala yang terjadi di rumah sakit yaitu dengan cara melakukan analisa terhadap proses pelayanan di IGD yang diterapkan pada RSIA X Padang. Analisa yang tepat untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan proses pelayanan IGD di RSIA X Padang adalah Analisis Fishbone dan hasil dari penelitian ini berupa rancangan alternatif pemecahan masalah yang terprogram dengan baik, serta dilakukan monitoring dan evaluasi secara berkala oleh pihak manajeman RSIA X Padang.Kata Kunci : Optimalisasi, Pelayanan, Instalasi Gawat Darurat, Analisis Fishbone.
PENGARUH PENGENDALIAN PEMEGANG SAHAM DAN TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT PERUSAHAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Septianawati Dhika Tri , Wening Nur
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh atau pemegang saham pengendali dan efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit terhadap kualitas audit yang diukur dengan AQMS (Audit Quality Metric Score). Penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa alignment dan entrechment effect dari pemegang saham pengendali berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit. Penyelarasan kepentingan antara pemegang saham pengendali dan pemegang saham non pengendali menyebabkan perusahaan menunjuk auditor yang berkualitas. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa ketika perusahaan menghadapi efek entrechment yang tinggi dari pemegang saham pengendali, perusahaan tetap menunjuk auditor berkualitas tinggi untuk mengurangi konflik keagenan dan untuk menjaga reputasi perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit. Kata Kunci: Aligment and Entrechment Effect, Audit Quality, Controlling Shareholders, Dewan Komisaris, Komite Audit
Factors Influencing the Students’ Perceptions of the Quality of Education Services at Hue University in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Hong-Van Thi
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT In today’s competitive higher education environment in Vietnam, higher education institutions have focussed more on quality education services to improve students’ satisfaction, which is considered an important factor for attracting and retaining students and evaluating the success of these higher education institutions, as a result. This research aimed to examine Vietnamese students’ perceptions about the quality of education services offered at Hue University in Vietnam. The data were obtained from the questionnaires completed by 2933 students from four-university members of Hue University in Central Vietnam. The research results showed that the students were generally satisfied with the quality of education services provided by Hue University. In addition, students’ satisfaction at Hue University is most affected by their perceptions about access to education services and the educational environment. The study also provided several implications, for Hue University in particular and other Vietnamese higher education institutions in general, to enhance their education services to improve the level of education service quality for attracting and retaining students.
Effectiveness of Nursing Caring Behavior to The Satisfaction of Hospital Patients in Puskesmas Wotu
Authors: Yudi Adnan
Published: January 2021

Caring is an attention and action towards others (patients) to provide assistance, support, respect and empathy in providing physical care to avoid a unexpected condition supported by sources of knowledge, patience, and hope. Nurse caring behaviour will be very important in influencing service quality and client satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze nurse caring behaviour in increasing the satisfaction of inpatients at the Puskesmas Wotu.

The design of this study is a correlative study. The population were 87 respondents with a purposive sampling technique in which all population amounts were used as research samples.

The results of a statistical study using the spearmen test,  it was found that r value=0.529. That is, the level of strength of the relationship between strong variables. The relationship between these two variables is unidirectional, thus it can be interpreted that the quality of caring care increases the satisfaction of inpatients will also increase. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between Nurse behavior variables with the Patients Satisfaction (Sig.=0,000). Nurse caring behavior needs to be increased again with training and making standard guidelines.
Determinan Kesehatan Mental Anak Yatim Dan Piatu Di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak Kabupaten Bireuen
Authors: Raudhati Sri
Published: January 2021

WHO said that mental health disorders are more prone to attack the millennial generation, and mental health disorders are most vulnerable to orphaned adolescents living in orphanages, because they have lost love and direct attention from their biological fathers and mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the mental health of orphans, orphans and orphans in the Bireuen District Child Welfare Institution. Research Methodology:This research is a quantitative study, using a cross sectional study design. Sampling using purposive sampling technique, with a sample size of 104 children. The statistical test used in the data analysis was the logistic regression test using the stata program 15. Results: It was found that 25% of children experienced behavioral and emotional difficulties, where the largest proportion was peer problems 31.7%, then emotional symptoms 27.9%, behavioral problems 19.2 %, and hyperactivity 7.7%, while the problem of decreasing children's prosocial behavior was 14.4%. The results of the multivariate logistic test showed that female gender, other reasons, the child's age at the death of their parents ≤5 years, and families who rarely visited had a significant relationship with behavioral and emotional difficulties (P=0.004; P=0.012; P=0.007 ; P=0.003 respectively), While the factors that had a significant relationship with prosocial behavior were other reasons for entering the orphanage, the status of the orphaned children, the health condition of the sick children, and the children who experienced conflicts (P=0.031; P=0.010, P=0.011; P=0.002 respectively). Suggestion: With the results of this study, it is expected for orphanage leaders and caregivers to further optimize the services of counseling and social support programs so that they are able to find solutions to children's mental emotional problems.
Social-Ecologic Oriented Curricula in Engineering Education: “Leonardo’s Oath” as an Answer to Janus-Headedness in Engineering Work
Authors: Dreher R. , Kondratyev V. V. , Kuznetsova M. N.
Published: January 2021

Any engineering activity is characterized by contradictions: social – between engineering problems and technical solutions and technological – between laws of nature and artificial engineering objects. This leads to the ethical dilemma of engineering work: when creating something new, social and environmental problems usually arise. This explains the “Janus-headedness” of the engineering profession: although the original intention is to do good, however, there are negative consequences that must be mitigated through new technical solutions that have the effect of creating improvements. “Leonardo’s oath” not only highlights this need, but also serves as a reference point for developing the engineering training programs which should be prepared specifically for this task. As a starting approach, the article suggests using the “sustainability triangle” – a model of social transformational effects in relation to the definition of the variables “social”, “economy” and “ecology” and their corresponding interdependence. It is shown that digitalization changes the “economy” setting in the sustainability triangle, which inevitably leads to consequences for the currently dependent variables “social “ and “ecology”. Digitalization requires, first, an economic approach, not environmental. It does not solve the fundamental problem: participation in the formation of a society to achieve socio-ecological balance is faced with the duality between the ethical necessity of forming and lack of real balance.
Transformations of Magistracy in Russia
Authors: Opfer E. A.
Published: January 2021

The system of master education in Russia in now being transforming. It is influenced by the global trends in higher education and stakeholders’ needs. The goal of this research is to find out the substantial transformations in Russian magistracy and to underline the main trends at the current stage. To achieve the goal, the relevant literature and regulations were reviewed. Besides, we used the results of all-Russian survey “Russian Master’s Early Growth” devoted to Russian magistracy, the winner of the program “Scholarship program by Vladimir Potanin”.

The research gives the analyses of transformations of magistracy in Russia in three vectors: changes in educational paths, staffing and design of master programs. The results of the research can be used by university management while designing master’s programs.
PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and soluble PD-L1 serum levels in patients with breast cancer: TNBC versus TPBC
Authors: Yazdanpanah Parvaneh , Alavianmehr Ali , Ghaderi Abbas , Monabati Ahmad , Montazer Mehdi , Tahmasbi Kamran , Farjadian Shirin
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Block of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) interaction with its ligand, PD-L1, enhances anti-tumor activity. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the association between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs) as well as soluble (s)PD-L1 serum levels in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to triple positive (TPBC). METHODS: A total of 113 tumor sections and 133 serum samples were available from 144 patients with breast cancer (72 TNBC and 72 TPBC). Dual immunohistochemistry staining was applied to determine differential PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ TILs. Soluble PD-L1 serum levels were also evaluated in patients compared to 40 healthy women by ELISA method. RESULTS: Despite TPBC patients which were mostly grades 1/2, TNBC patients were grade 3 (72% versus 66.7%, P < 0.001). Most of the TNBC patients were stages I/II, whereas most of the TPBC patients were stages III/IV (57.3% versus 68.3%,P = 0.005). There was no difference in tumor size and metastasis between TNBC and TPBC patients, although the number of involved lymph nodes was significantly more in TPBC patients (P = 0.0012). PD-L1 expression was detected in 11.5% of samples mostly in TNBC subtype and was associated with advanced grades (P = 0.039). There was no relationship between PD-L1 expression and tumor stage. PD-L1 expression in CD8+ TILs was nonsignificantly higher than tumor cells. Serum levels of sPD-L1 showed no difference between patients and healthy women. We found no correlation between PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and serum levels of sPD-L1 in patients. CONCLUSION: PD-L1 expression was more detected in our patients with TNBC. It seems that, these patients who are resistant to standard chemotherapy regimens may get benefit from PD-L1 inhibition therapy and because of its low serum levels, sPD-L1 cannot interfere with this therapy.
Benefit of Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy for Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder in the Elderly –An International Multicenter Study
Authors: Schuettfort Victor M. , Pradere Benjamin , Mostafaei Hadi , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Mori Keiichiro , Quhal Fahad , Motlagh Reza Sari , Rink Michael , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Deuker Marina , Moschini Marco , Stolzenbach Lara Franziska , Trinh Quoc-Dien , Briganti Alberto , D’Andrea David , Shariat Shahrokh F.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

Radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer, but approximately half of all patients will ultimately succumb to disease progression despite apparent cure with extirpative surgery. Elderly patients are at especially high risk of advanced disease and may benefit from perioperative systemic therapy.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the real-world benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in patients ≥75 years old.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent RC for non-metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) from 12 participating international medical institutions. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models were used to assess the association between age groups, administration of AC and oncological outcome parameters such as recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS:

4,335 patients were included in the analyses, of which 820 (18.9%) were ≥75 years old. These elderly patients had a higher rate of adverse pathologic features. In an univariable subgroup analysis in patients ≥75 years with lymph node metastasis, 5-year OS was significantly higher in patients who had received AC (41% vs. 30.9%, p = 0.02). In a multivariable Cox model that was adjusted for several established outcome predictors, there was a significant favorable association between the administration of AC in elderly patients and OS, but no RFS or CSS.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this large observational study, the administration of AC was associated with improved OS, but not RFS or CSS, in elderly patients treated with RC for UCB. This is of clinical importance, as elderly patients are more likely to have adverse pathologic features and experience worse survival outcomes. Treatment of UCB should include both a multidisciplinary approach and a geriatric evaluation to identify patients who are most likely to tolerate and benefit from AC.
The Effects of Cardiorespiratory and Motor Skill Fitness on Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of Neural Networks in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Jarrahi Behnaz , McEwen Sarah C. , Holschneider Daniel P. , Schiehser Dawn M. , Petkus Andrew J. , Gomez Megan E. , Van Horn Jack D. , Filoteo Vincent , Jakowec Michael W. , Petzinger Giselle M.
Published: January 2021

Background: Studies in aging older adults have shown the positive association between cognition and exercise related fitness, particularly cardiorespiratory fitness. These reports have also demonstrated the association of high cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as other types of fitness, on the reversal of age-related decline in neural network connectivity, highlighting the potential role of fitness on age- and disease-related brain changes. While the clinical benefits of exercise are well-documented in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness (assessed by estimated VO2max testing) or motor skill fitness (assessed by the Physical Performance Test (PPT)) affects neural network connectivity in PD remains to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore the hypothesis that higher fitness level is associated with an increase in the intrinsic network connectivity of cognitive networks commonly affected in PD. Methods: In this cross-sectional resting state fMRI, we used a multivariate statistical approach based on high-dimensional independent component analysis (ICA) to investigate the association between two independent fitness metrics (estimated VO2max and PPT) and resting state network connectivity. Results: We found that increased estimated VO2max was associated with increased within network connectivity in cognitive networks known to be impaired in PD, including those sub-serving memory and executive function. There was a similar trend for high levels of PPT to be associated with increased within network connectivity in distinct resting state networks. The between functional network connectivity analysis revealed that cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with increased functional connectivity between somatosensory motor network and several cognitive networks sub-serving memory, attention, and executive function. Conclusion: This study provides important empirical data supporting the potential association between two forms of fitness and multiple resting state networks impacting PD cognition. Linking fitness to circuit specific modulation of resting state network connectivity will help establish a neural basis for the positive effects of fitness and specific exercise modalities and provide a foundation to identify underlying mechanisms to promote repair.
Neutralization of hexokinase 2-targeting miRNA attenuates the oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis
Authors: Kim Kwan Wook , Kim Sang Woo , Lim Soyeon , Yoo Kyung-Jong , Hwang Ki-Chul , Lee Seahyoung
Published: January 2021

Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is a metabolic sensor that couples glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria by binding to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), and it also has been implicated in induction of apoptotic process by regulating the integrity of OMM. When HK2 detaches from the mitochondria, it triggers permeability increase of the OMM and subsequently facilitates the cytosolic release of cytochrome c, a major apoptosis-inducing factor. According to previous studies, a harsh microenvironment created by ischemic heart disease such as low tissue oxygen and nutrients, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Under these conditions, the expression of HK2 in heart significantly decrease and such down-regulation of HK2 was correlated to the increased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Therefore, prevention of HK2 down-regulation may salvage cardiomyocytes from apoptosis. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that either inhibit transcription of target mRNAs or degrade the targeted mRNAs via complementary binding to the 3’UTR (untranslated region) of the targeted mRNAs. Since miRNAs are known to be involved in virtually every biological processes, it is reasonable to assume that the expression of HK2 is also regulated by miRNAs. Currently, to my best knowledge, there is no previous study examined the miRNA-mediated regulation of HK2 in cardiomyocytes. Thus, in the present study, miRNA-mediated modulation of HK2 during ROS (H2O2)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was investigated. First, the expression of HK2 in cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2 was evaluated. H2O2 (500 μM) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and it also decreased the mitochondrial expression of HK2. Based on miRNA-target prediction databases and empirical data, miR-181a was identified as a HK2-targeting miRNA. To further examine the effect of negative regulation of the selected HK2-targeting miRNA on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, anti-miR-181a, which neutralizes endogenous miR-181a, was utilized. Delivery of anti-miR-181a significantly abrogated the H2O2-induced suppression of HK2 expression and subsequent disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, improving the survival of cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2. These findings suggest that miR-181a-mediated down-regulation of HK2 contributes to the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes exposed to ROS. Neutralizing miR-181a can be a viable and effective means to prevent cardiomyocyte from apoptosis in ischemic heart disease.
Long noncoding RNA GAS6 antisense RNA1 silencing attenuates the tumorigenesis of acute myeloid leukemia cells through targeting microRNA-370-3p/Tetraspanin3 axis1
Authors: Lei Weijuan , Lin Juanjuan , Liu Fang , Chen Nina
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of hematologic malignancy. This study was attempt to explore the effect of long noncoding RNA GAS6 antisense RNA1 (GAS6-AS1) on pediatric AML and the regulation mechanisms. METHODS: GAS6-AS1, microRNA-370-3p (miR-370-3p), and Tetraspanin3 (TSPAN3) expression in bone marrow (BM) tissues and cells was determined by qRT-PCR. The correlation between GAS6-AS1 and clinicopathological features of pediatric patients with AML was assessed. In vitro, viability and migration and invasion of AML cells were evaluated via MTT and transwell assays, respectively. Interactions among GAS6-AS1, miR-370-3p, and TSPAN3 were revealed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. Western blot was applied to confirm the protein expression of TSPAN3. RESULTS: GAS6-AS1 and TSPAN3 expression was elevated in BM tissues of pediatric patients with AML and AML cells, but miR-370-3p expression was reduced. GAS6-AS1 expression was positively related to French-American-British (FAB) classification in pediatric patients with AML. In vitro, GAS6-AS1 deficiency restrained the viability, migration, and invasion of AML cells. Additionally, GAS6-AS1 mediated miR-370-3p expression indeed and TSPAN3 was identified as a target of miR-370-3p. Furthermore, miR-370-3p overexpression repressed the protein expression of TSPAN3. The feedback experiments demonstrated that miR-370-3p inhibition or TSPAN3 overexpression mitigated the suppressive effect of sh-GAS6-AS1 on the tumorigenesis of AML cells. CONCLUSION: GAS6-AS1 silencing restrained AML cell viability, migration, and invasion by targeting miR-370-3p/TSPAN3 axis, affording a novel therapeutic target for pediatric AML.
An Exploration of the Own-Age Effect on Facial Emotion Recognition in Normal Elderly People and Individuals with the Preclinical and Demented Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Chuang Yu-Chen , Chiu Ming-Jang , Chen Ta-Fu , Chang Yu-Ling , Lai Ya-Mei , Cheng Ting-Wen , Hua Mau-Sun
Published: January 2021

Background: The issue of whether there exists an own-effect on facial recognition in the elderly remains equivocal. Moreover, currently the literature of this issue in pathological aging is little. Objective: Our study was thus to explore the issue in both of healthy older people and patients with AD Methods: In study 1, 27 older and 31 younger healthy adults were recruited; in study 2, 27 healthy older adults and 80 patients (including subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) groups) were recruited. Participants received the Taiwan Facial Emotion Recognition Task (FER Task), and a clinical neuropsychological assessment. Results: No significant differences on the FER test were found among our groups, except for sadness recognition in which our MCI and AD patients’ scores were remarkably lower than their healthy counterparts. The own-age effect was not significantly evident in healthy younger and older adults, except for recognizing neutral photos. Our patients with MCI and AD tended to have the effect, particularly for the sad recognition in which the effect was significantly evident in terms of error features (mislabeling it as anger in younger-face and neutral in older-face photos). Conclusion: Our results displayed no remarkable own-age effect on facial emotional recognition in the healthy elderly (including SCD). However, it did not appear the case for MCI and AD patients, especially their recognizing those sadness items, suggesting that an inclusion of the FER task particularly involving those items of low-intensity emotion in clinical neuropsychological assessment might be contributory to the early detection of AD-related pathological individuals.