bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Unconstrained Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: KULKARNI Kunal , SHEIKH Nomaan , AUJLA Randeep , DIVALL Pip , DIAS Joseph
Published: April 2022

Background: Unconstrained pyrocarbon and metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty is an increasingly popular alternative to silicone implants and arthrodesis. This systematic review appraises their outcomes.

Methods: Thirty studies comprising 1,324 joints (813 pyrocarbon, 511 MoP) were included. Mean patient age was 59 years (38–78) and mean follow-up period was 54 months (12–118).

Results: There were mean improvements of 4.5 points (2–6.9) in pain visual analogue score, 10.5° (−26 to 58) in range of motion (ROM), 3.1 kg (−4 to 7) in grip strength, 0.6 kg (−1.5 to 2) in pinch strength and 18 points (−3 to 29) in the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score, with no significant differences between implant types. ROM gains deteriorated over time. Clinical complications were frequent (23%) and significantly more common with pyrocarbon, as were radiographic complications. However, most were mild-moderate and did not necessarily correlate with negative outcomes or dissatisfaction. Overall re-operation rate was 21%, and revision rate 11%, both more frequent with pyrocarbon. Most revisions were within 24 months, beyond which survival was maintained up to 10 years.

Conclusions: Unconstrained PIP joint arthroplasty is effective in improving pain scores, active ROM, grip/pinch strength and patient-reported outcome measures, particularly in patients with osteoarthritis. Results are generally maintained at least to the medium term, although gains diminish in the longer term. Complication and early revision rates are high, particularly with pyrocarbon implants. Most patients express positive attitudes to arthroplasty, with significant improvements in patient-reported outcome measures for both pyrocarbon and MoP implants. Patients with post-traumatic and inflammatory arthropathy are generally less satisfied. There is currently insufficient data to recommend one implant type over another, although the early-to-medium term results of MoP implants are promising. Prospective surveillance via small joint registries is recommended.

Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Outcomes of Rerouting the Palmaris Longus to Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon Transfer through the Second Extensor Compartment for Radial Nerve Palsy
Authors: TANAKA Yoshitaka , GOTANI Hiroyuki , SASAKI Kosuke , YAGI Hirohisa , MATSUGAKI Toru
Published: April 2022

Background: A palmaris longus (PL) to extensor pollicis longus (EPL) is a standard tendon transfer used to restore thumb extension in patients with radial nerve palsy. This transfer is done by withdrawing the EPL from the third compartment and passing it subcutaneously to reach the PL. We modified this transfer by rerouting the EPL through the second extensor compartment to improve the retropulsion of the thumb. The aim of this study is to report the outcomes of this modified transfer.

Methods: Four patients with traumatic radial nerve palsy underwent the modified PL to EPL transfer. They also underwent transfer of the pronator teres (PT) to extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) to extensor digitorum communis (EDC). Patients were followed up for at least 1 year after surgery. The data with regard to age, gender, cause of radial nerve palsy, duration between injury and surgery, and duration of follow-up was recorded. At final follow-up, the arc of motion at the interphalangeal joint (IPJ), metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ), palmar and radial abduction and retropulsion were measured for the reconstructed thumb and contralateral normal thumb.

Results: All patients were male, with a mean age of 34.3 (range, 19–46) years. The mean duration between the injury and surgery was 15.9 (7–27) months, and the mean post-operative follow-up period was 16.8 (12–25) months. All patients recovered good thumb function. The mean arc of motion of the affected and contralateral thumb were IPJ flexion: 52°/80°; IPJ extension: 21°/14°; MCPJ flexion: 30°/33°; MCPJ extension:24°/31°; radial abduction: 70°/74°; palmar abduction: 68°/75° and retropulsion: 4.8cm/5.0cm.

Conclusion: Rerouting the PL to EPL tendon transfer through the second extensor compartment in radial nerve palsy can restore good thumb function especially retropulsion.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
A Review of Outcome Reporting Practices after Flexor Tendon Repair in Zones 1 and 2
Authors: MALLINA Ravi , BAMFORD Emma , SHELTON Ian , SELBY Anna , RUSSELL Peter , JOHNSON Nick
Published: April 2022

Background: Outcome reporting following flexor tendon repair has historically concentrated on range of movement. Recently, there has been an increase in the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). At present, there is no agreed set of outcomes to report following flexor tendon repair. The aim of this study is to review outcome reporting practices after flexor tendon repair in zones 1 and 2.

Methods: A search of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 2019 was performed to identify the studies that reported outcomes following the repair of flexor tendons in zones 1 and 2. Study characteristics and data with regard to the reporting of eight outcome domains was extracted: functional outcome (quantitative), functional outcome (subjective), activities of daily living (ADL), satisfaction/quality of life, post-treatment recovery, resources, aesthetics and safety.

Results: A total of 94 out of 4,118 articles identified were included in the review. All studies reported range of motion using 17 different methods of measurement. Eleven studies defined measurement methods incorrectly or unclearly. Only 16 studies reported PROMs, with only one reporting data on assessment of quality of life. Eighteen studies reported time away from employment. Minimal data on resource utilisation and aesthetics were included.

Conclusion: This review highlights wide heterogeneity and paucity of data reporting clinical outcomes of flexor tendon surgery. The development of a core outcome set that would ensure essential outcomes are correctly defined, measured and reported is required.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Prognostic)
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Choice of Treatment for Hand Fractures: A Single-Centre Concordance Study
Authors: ROJOA Djamila M. , RAHEMAN Firas J. , IRVINE Esmee , SHARMA Vivek , MACDONALD Christopher R. , CUTLER Lucy
Published: April 2022

Background: Management of hand trauma has evolved to incorporate assessment, treatment and rehabilitation of patients in a ‘one-stop’ clinic on initial presentation. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the choice of treatment for hand fractures using inter-rater agreement between surgeons.

Methods: All patients with hand fractures during the COVID-19 lockdown from March to May 2020 were included in the study. Two experienced hand surgeons blinded to management and outcomes independently reviewed radiographic images and relevant clinical history to provide their opinion on optimal treatment. Weighted kappa analysis was performed to determine concordance and inter-rater agreement between the two surgeons and actual management.

Results: The study included 82 patients (62 men and 20 women) with a mean age of 40.3 (SD 19.7). The injuries occurred most often at home following an accident (34%) or a fall (28%). Fractures involved the metacarpals in 29 patients and the distal phalanx in 22 patients. Thirty-five patients underwent surgery, whereas 47 were managed conservatively. Overall agreement between actual management and consultant A and consultant B was moderate (κ = 0.55, p < 0.0001 and κ = 0.63, p < 0.0001, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed a weak agreement between actual management of metacarpal fractures and consultant A and consultant B (κ = 0.22, p = 0.29 and κ = 0.47, p = 0.02, respectively). Inter-rater agreement was substantial for management of metacarpal fractures (κ = 0.73, p < 0.0001), but weak for distal phalanx fractures (κ = 0.29, p = 0.03).

Conclusion: Our study has shown that overall management of hand fractures remained optimised throughout the pandemic. However, a lack of concordance was observed in the management of metacarpals.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Is Repair of a Small Coronoid Fracture Required in the Surgical Treatment of Terrible Triad Injury of the Elbow?
Authors: KANESHIRO Yasunori , YANO Koichi , YOKOI Takuya , SAKANAKA Hideki , FUKUDA Makoto , HIDAKA Noriaki
Published: April 2022

Background: Multiple treatment protocols have been described in literature for the treatment of terrible triad injury (TTI) of the elbow. We believe that repair of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) should be performed in preference to repair of a small coronoid fracture if the elbow is unstable after fixation/replacement of the radial head and repair of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL). The aim of this study is to report the outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with TTI associated with a small coronoid fracture in whom the coronoid fracture was not addressed.

Methods: This study is a retrospective case series of 12 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for acute TTI with a small coronoid fracture (9 Regan–Morrey type I and 3 Regan–Morrey type II). Ten patients had complete MCL injuries. All patients underwent repair of the torn LCL and MCL and treatment of the radial head. The coronoid fracture was not surgically treated. At the final follow-up, the range of motion, degree of flexion contracture, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) were measured.

Results: The mean follow-up period was 13.5 months. At the final follow-up, the mean arc of elbow flexion was 132° and the mean flexion contracture was 10°. The mean arc of forearm rotation was 148°. None of the patients demonstrated elbow instability. The mean MEPS was 92.5 points with seven having excellent results and five having good results. The average DASH score was 11.2 points.

Conclusions: Our results showed that good elbow stability, arc of motion and clinical outcomes could be achieved without repair of small coronoid fractures in the treatment of TTI. The repair of MCL injuries should be given priority over the fixation of small coronoid fractures to regain elbow stability.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Computational Analysis and Molecular Design of Aromatic Stacking System Between Human ARTD2 Catalytic Domain and its Small-Molecule Inhibitors and Peptidic Ligands
Authors: Liu Rui , Liu Lijun
Published: April 2022

ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 (ARTD2) acts as a DNA break sensor and catalyzes the synthesis of polymers of ADP-ribose covalently attached to acceptor proteins at DNA damage sites. Its catalytic domain (CAT) contains a variety of aromatic amino aid residues that can form multiple [Formula: see text]-stacking interactions with substrates and inhibitors. Here, we systematically examined the intermolecular interaction of ARTD2 CAT domain with its cognate small-molecule inhibitors using hybrid quantum mechanics calculations and found that [Formula: see text]-stacking plays a critical role in the ARTD2-inhibitor recognition and association, where a number of ARTD2 inner aromatic residues contribute significantly to the inhibitor binding. A further molecular design of peptidic ligands was performed based on the structural basis and energetic property of the [Formula: see text]-stacking system involved in ARTD2/inhibitor interaction. These peptidic ligands are all [Formula: see text] electron-rich and composed of diverse unnatural aromatic amino acids. Interaction analysis revealed that the relative contribution of the [Formula: see text]-stacking system to ARTD2 affinity was improved from small-molecule inhibitors to peptidic ligands, although their total binding energies are roughly comparable. Subsequently, the computational findings were substantiated with biochemical assays, where several representative peptidic ligands were determined to have satisfactory inhibitory profiles against ARTD2 with biological activity at the nanomolar level. Structural analysis of ARTD2/peptidic ligand complexes observed a multiple [Formula: see text]-stacking networks at the computationally modeled complex interface of ARTD2 CAT domain with designed peptidic ligands, which can work with other nonbonded interactions such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts to confer stability and selectivity for the complex recognition and association.
A Survey on Classifying Big Data with Label Noise
Authors: Johnson Justin M. , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M.
Published: April 2022

Class label noise is a critical component of data quality that directly inhibits the predictive performance of machine learning algorithms. While many data-level and algorithm-level methods exist for treating label noise, the challenges associated with big data call for new and improved methods. This survey addresses these concerns by providing an extensive literature review on treating label noise within big data. We begin with an introduction to the class label noise problem and traditional methods for treating label noise. Next, we present 30 methods for treating class label noise in a range of big data contexts, i.e., high-volume, high-variety, and high-velocity problems. The surveyed works include distributed solutions capable of operating on datasets of arbitrary sizes, deep learning techniques for large-scale datasets with limited clean labels, and streaming techniques for detecting class noise in the presence of concept drift. Common trends and best practices are identified in each of these areas, implementation details are reviewed, empirical results are compared across studies when applicable, and references to 17 open-source projects and programming packages are provided. An emphasis on label noise challenges, solutions, and empirical results as they relate to big data distinguishes this work as a unique contribution that will inspire future research and guide machine learning practitioners.
Review—Recent Developments and Challenges in Membrane-Less Soluble Lead Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Jaiswal Nandini , Khan Harun , Kothandaraman R.
Published: April 2022

Soluble lead redox flow battery (SLEFB) is attractive for its undivided cell configuration over other flow battery chemistries, which require an expensive membrane/separator. In the SLRFB, lead metal and lead dioxide are plated on the negative and positive electrodes from a single electrolyte reservoir containing soluble lead(II) species. Although the membrane-less cell configuration bestows SLRFB cost-effectiveness over other flow batteries, there are challenges associated with the plating of PbO2, Pb dendrite formation and the presence of parasitic reactions. This review mainly focuses on the present status and major challenges of the SLRFB. The solutions to prevent the dendritic growth of Pb metal, accelerate the redox kinetics of Pb2+/PbO2 redox couple, and suppress the oxygen evolution at cathode have been discussed in detail. The role of electrolyte concentration, electrolyte additives, current density, charging time and temperature on the phase change and surface morphology of the PbO2 electrodeposit has been extensively reviewed. Besides, the modification to the electrolyte in terms of the additive chemistry improving the electrochemical performance and cycle life of SLRFB has been discussed in this review. Finally, the aspects of cell design on improving the performance at a lab-scale as well as stack level are highlighted.
Loss of low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase shows limited improvement in glucose tolerance but causes mild cardiac hypertrophy in mice
Authors: Jensen-Cody Sharon , Coyne Erin S. , Ding Xunshan , Sebin Anu , Vogel Jen , Goldstein Jaclyn , Rosahl Thomas W. , Zhou Heather H. , Jacobs Hugues , Champy Marie-France , About Ghina Bou , Talukdar Saswata , Zhou Yingjiang
Published: April 2022

Inhibition of LMPTP with a small-molecular inhibitor, Cmpd23, improves glucose tolerance in mice as reported earlier. However, genetic deficiency of the LMPTP gene, Acp, has limited effects on glucose metabolism but leads to mild cardiac hypertrophy in mice. The findings suggest the potential off-target effects of Cmpd23 and call for reevaluation of LMPTP as a therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Cruciferous Vegetables and Their Bioactive Metabolites: from Prevention to Novel Therapies of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ağagündüz Duygu , Şahin Teslime Özge , Yılmaz Birsen , Ekenci Kübra Damla , Duyar Özer Şehriban , Capasso Raffaele
Published: April 2022

The Brassicaceae family, known as cruciferous vegetables, includes many economically important species, mainly edible oil plants, vegetable species, spice plants, and feed plants. Cruciferous vegetables are foods rich in nutritive composition and are also a good source of dietary fiber. Besides, cruciferous vegetables contain various bioactive chemicals known as glucosinolates and S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, including sulphur-containing cancer-protective chemicals. Numerous studies have reported that daily intake of sulphurous vegetables helps prevent cancer formation and reduces cancer incidence, especially in colorectal cancer, through various mechanisms. The potential mechanisms of these compounds in preventing cancer in experimental studies are as follows: protecting cells against DNA damage, inactivating carcinogenic substances, showing antiviral and antibacterial effects, triggering apoptosis in cells with disrupted structure, inhibiting tumour cell migration causing metastasis and the development of tumour-feeding vessels (angiogenesis). These beneficial anticancer effects of cruciferous vegetables are generally associated with glucosinolates in their composition and some secondary metabolites, as well as other phenolic compounds, seed oils, and dietary fiber in the literature. This review aims to examine to the roles of cruciferous vegetables and their important bioactive metabolites in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Upregulated LINC00922 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Indicates a Dismal Prognosis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaojing , Hu Lanxin , Mao Xinrui , Chen Haoran , She Yuchen , Chi Hao , Zeng Hao , Guo Lu , Han Yunwei
Published: April 2022

Background. LINC00922 has been found to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of tumors. But its functions in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. We attempt to investigate the correlation between LINC00922 and GC via bioinformatics analysis, in vitro and in vivo experiments. Methods. TCGA and GTEx databases were utilized to obtain the RNAseq and clinical data of GC, and then, identified the correlation of LINC00922 with patients’ clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. GSEA and GO/KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to explore the potential functions or signaling pathways that LINC00922 participated in GC. Infiltration levels of immune cells were employed by ssGSEA algorithm, and then Wilcoxon rank sum test was applied to analyze their correlations with LINC00922. Scratch and transwell assays were conducted to detect the invasion and migration abilities of GC cells. Western blot was performed to explore the expression level of EMT-related proteins. Furthermore, we constructed the xenograft tumor model and metastatic tumor model in nude mice to explore the effect of LINC00922 downregulating on metastasis of GC cells in vivo. Results. Compared with normal tissues, LINC00922 was highly expressed in GC tissues and positively correlated with poor prognosis. The correlation existed between LINC00922 and immune infiltration in GC. Downregulation of LINC00922 inhibited the EMT process of GC cells. In addition, both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that LINC00922 affects the invasion and migration abilities of GC. Conclusions. LINC00922 promotes the migration, invasion, and EMT in GC and has the potential to be used as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
Decision-Making Methods in the Public Sector during 2010–2020: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fountzoula Christina , Aravossis Konstantinos
Published: April 2022

The aim of this article is to analyze the scientific developments in public sector decision making during the period 2010–2020, to identify which decision-making methods are preferred in different sectors of the public sector, and to determine which integrated methods are applied in this sector. In total, 468 scholarly articles were selected covering a near comprehensive review of the literature, as described below in the search process. We found that 271studies utilized a single method, whereas 180 studies utilized integrated methods. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was the most common, used by 97 studies. However, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized by 178 studies when counting both simple and integrated methods. It was shown that single methods were more commonly used in education, environment, health, and public services, and integrated methods were relatively favored in economics/finance, energy, site selection, and waste management. We conclude that multiple decision-making methods are used in the public sector, and during2010–2020, there has been a tendency to use unified methods in decision-making processes.
A Web-Based Auxiliary Teaching System for College English
Authors: Min Wang
Published: April 2022

In order to optimize the application quality of the English auxiliary teaching system, shorten the system response time and CPU utilization, design a Web-based college English auxiliary teaching system, and test its application effect. Using the B/S mode in the Web, install the developed auxiliary teaching system on the server of the control center. The B/S function modules in the system software include the presentation layer, application service layer, and resource layer. Based on this, design the user management module and college English auxiliary teaching functions and allocate bandwidth to the platform resource transmission rate to maximize network utility, reduce platform data transmission failures, and optimize the quality of English auxiliary teaching. The experimental results demonstrate that the system based on the B/S multilayer structure passed all of its tests, showing that it is relatively robust and capable of meeting the needs of college English teaching aids for students and teachers while also achieving the desired outcomes. The teaching information communication delay and response time of the designed system are shorter, and the central processing unit (CPU) utilization rate is also lower.
Impact of MMP-9 Genetic Polymorphism and Concentration on the Development of Coronary Artery Disease in Ukrainian Population
Authors: Pogorielova Oksana S. , Korniienko Viktoriia V. , Chumachenko Yaroslav D. , Obukhova Olha A. , Martsovenko Igor , Harbuzova Viktoriia Yu.
Published: April 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death in Europe. It is known that atherosclerosis is the primary risk factor of CAD development. MMP-9 is involved in all stages of atherosclerosis and thus may contribute to CAD emergence. To investigate the influence of MMP-9 on the (CAD) development 25 patients with intact coronary arteries (CA), 40 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and 63 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) were enrolled in the study. Real-time PCR was carried out for genotyping on the rs17567-polymorphic locus, and ELISA study was performed to measure the MMP-9 plasma concentration. It was found the lower risk of MI occurrence for AG-carriers (

P

a

=
0.023

; ORa = 0.299, 95% CI = 0.106–0.848) in Ukrainian population.
Indoor Smart Design Algorithm Based on Smart Home Sensor
Authors: Zheng Ruili
Published: April 2022

Modern home furnishings have solved the most basic housing problems, but how to make homes more informatized and modern has become the focus of people’s growing concern. With the rapid development of information technology, improving the intelligent level of family life and modern lifestyle is bound to be the trend of future development. This paper studies a smart home control system based on wireless sensor network positioning, which can perceive the home environment through the sensor module, and the control module can automatically control common electrical appliances to achieve real-time data monitoring and alarm functions. Specifically, it includes a positioning module, a communication module, and a server: the positioning module is connected to the server through the communication module, and the positioning module is used to obtain user location information in real time and report user location information to the server at intervals. The server receives the user reported at intervals through the communication module. Location information and remotely control smart home devices based on user location information. The research results show that the method proposed in this paper can separately monitor each part of the home and send it to the home appliance control module through the server to control the home appliance, optimize the living environment, and realize the remote control and monitoring of the smart home.
An Innovative Model for Extracting OLAP Cubes from NOSQL Database Based on Scalable Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: Davardoost Farnaz , Babazadeh Sangar Amin , Majidzadeh Kambiz
Published: April 2022

Due to unstructured and large amounts of data, relational databases are no longer suitable for data management. As a result, new databases known as NOSQL have been introduced. The issue is that such a database is difficult to analyze. Online analytical processing (OLAP) is the foundational technology for data analysis in business intelligence. Because these technologies were designed primarily for relational database systems, performing OLAP in NOSQL is difficult. We present a model for extracting OLAP cubes from a document-oriented NOSQL database in this article. A scalable Naïve Bayes classifier method was used for this purpose. The proposed solution is divided into three stages of preparation, Naïve Bayes, and NBMR. Our proposed algorithm, NBMR, is based on the Naïve Bayes classifier (NBC) and the MapReduce (MR) programming model. Each NOSQL database document with nearly the same attribute will belong to the same class, and as a result, OLAP cubes can be used to perform data analysis. Because the proposed model allows for distributed and parallel Naïve Bayes Classifier computing, it is appropriate and suitable for large-scale data sets. Our proposed model is a proper and efficient approach when considering the speed and reduced the number of required comparisons.
The Impact of Inclusive Finance on High-Quality Economic Development of the Yangtze River Delta in China
Authors: Zhou Ze-Jiong , Yao Yue , Zhu Jia-Ming
Published: April 2022

As a new service system of finance, inclusive finance emphasizes on better meeting the needs of people’s livelihood at a reasonable and affordable cost. Inclusive finance can effectively solve the problems existing in the process of high-quality economic development by promoting regional coordinated development and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas. Firstly, this paper constructs the inclusive financial development level measurement index system and high-quality economic development measurement index system, uses these two index systems to measure the development of inclusive finance and high-quality economy of the Yangtze River Delta in China from 2010 to 2019, and then empirically analyzes the impact of Inclusive Finance on high-quality economic development in the Yangtze River Delta by using the panel threshold model. The results show that the inclusive financial development level and high-quality economic development level of cities under the jurisdiction of the Yangtze River Delta have increased steadily year by year, but the development level differentiation among different cities is obvious. Inclusive finance has a threshold effect on high-quality economic development. When the inclusive finance index is lower than 0.358, inclusive finance is not conducive to high-quality economic development. When the inclusive financial development index is between 0.358 and 0.522, inclusive finance promotes high-quality economic development, but the effect is weak. When the inclusive financial development index is greater than 0.522, inclusive finance can significantly promote high-quality economic development.
Combination of Enrichment Using Gene Ontology and Transcriptomic Analysis Revealed Contribution of Interferon Signaling to Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Ramadhani Hilmi Farhan , Annisa Annisa , Tedjo Aryo , Noor Dimas R. , Kusuma Wisnu Ananta
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was known to be affected by hyperinflammation. Identification of important proteins associated with hyperinflammation is critical. These proteins can be a potential target either as biomarkers or targets in drug discovery. Therefore, we combined enrichment analysis of these proteins to identify biological knowledge related to hyperinflammation. Moreover, we conducted transcriptomic data analysis to reveal genes contributing to disease severity. Methods. We performed large-scale gene function analyses using gene ontology to identify significantly enriched biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components associated with our proteins. One of the appropriate methods to functionally group large-scale protein-protein interaction (PPI) data into small-scale clusters is fuzzy K-partite clustering. We collected the transcriptomics data from GEO Database (GSE 164805 and GPL26963 platform). Moreover, we created a data set and analyzed gene expression using Orange Data-mining version 3.30. PPI analysis was performed using the STRING database with a confidence score >0.9. Results. This study indicated that four proteins were associated with 25 molecular functions, three were associated with 22 cellular components, and one was associated with ten biological processes. All GOs of molecular function, cellular components, and 9 of 14 biological processes were associated with important cytokines related to the COVID-19 cytokine storm present in the resulting cluster. The expression analysis showed the interferon-related genes IFNAR1, IFI6, IFIT1, and IFIT3 were significant genes, whereas PPIs showed their interactions were closely related. Conclusion. A combination of enrichment using GOs and transcriptomic analysis showed that hyperinflammation and severity of COVID-19 may be caused by interferon signaling.
Linearized Fraction Order Control and Stability Analyses for Switched Reluctance Motor Drives
Authors: Wen Jianping , Li Xianghe , Zhang Chuanwei , Mo Wei
Published: April 2022

The nonlinearity and double salient pole of the switched reluctance motor make the control difficult and the torque fluctuation is large. To achieve good control performance, this study introduces a novel linearized fractional-order controller with the disturbance observer to regulate the speed and torque of a switched reluctance motor. Based on fractional differential calculus theory, the fractional-order proportional integral controller is designed. The disturbance observer is introduced to overcome the influence of nonlinearity on the switched reluctance motor and reduce the torque fluctuation. By using the extended state in the disturbance observer, the disturbances are estimated and compensated to achieve linearization and determinism. The parameter values of the proposed controller are obtained by employing the trial-and-error method. The frequency-domain analysis of the proposed controller shows that it has a good suppression performance for medium- and high-frequency disturbances. Through simulation, the performance of the system is analyzed. The results show good performance of the controller in speed change, current, and torque fluctuation reduction.
Factors Influencing the Risk of Major Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Treated by Autologous Cell Therapy
Authors: Husakova J. , Bem R. , Fejfarova V. , Jirkovska A. , Woskova V. , Jarosikova R. , Lovasova V. , Jude E. B. , Dubsky M.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Autologous cell therapy (ACT) is one of the last options for limb salvage in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). However, some patients may still undergo a major amputation even after ACT, but the risk factors for this are not known. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the risk factors for major amputation in patients with CLTI and DFU during a 2-year follow-up after ACT. Methods. One hundred and thirteen patients after ACT were included in our study and divided into two groups: Group 1 with major amputation (AMP;

n
=
37

) and Group 2 without amputation (nAMP,

n
=
76

). The risk factors for major amputation were evaluated before ACT and included factors relating to the patient, the DFU, and the cell product. Results. The AMP group had significantly higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to the nAMP group (22.7 vs. 10.7 mg/L,

p
=
0.024

). In stepwise logistic regression, independent predictors for major amputation were mutation of the gene for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with heterozygote and homozygote polymorphism 1298 (OR 4.33 [95% CI 1.05-17.6]), smoking (OR 3.83 [95% CI 1.18-12.5]), and

CRP
>
10
 
mg
/
L

(OR 2.76 [95% CI 0.93-8.21]). Lower transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) values were observed in AMP patients compared to the nAMP group at one month (24.5 vs. 33.2,

p
=
0.012

) and at 3 months (31.1 vs. 40.9,

p
=
0.009

) after ACT. Conclusion. Our study showed that the risk for major amputation after ACT in patients with CLTI and DFU is increased by the presence of MTHFR heterozygote and homozygote gene mutations, smoking, and higher CRP at baseline. Lower TcPO2 at one and 3 months after ACT may also have a predictive value. Therefore, it is necessary to stop smoking before ACT, treat any infection, and, above all, consider antiaggregation or anticoagulant treatment after the procedure.
Machine Learning Based Comparative Analysis for Breast Cancer Prediction
Authors: Monirujjaman Khan Mohammad , Islam Somayea , Sarkar Srobani , Ayaz Fozayel Ibn , Kabir Md. Mursalin , Tazin Tahia , Albraikan Amani Abdulrahman , Almalki Faris A.
Published: April 2022

One of the most prevalent and leading causes of cancer in women is breast cancer. It has now become a frequent health problem, and its prevalence has recently increased. The easiest approach to dealing with breast cancer findings is to recognize them early on. Early detection of breast cancer is facilitated by computer-aided detection and diagnosis (CAD) technologies, which can help people live longer lives. The major goal of this work is to take advantage of recent developments in CAD systems and related methodologies. In 2011, the United States reported that one out of every eight women was diagnosed with cancer. Breast cancer originates as a result of aberrant cell division in the breast, which leads to either benign or malignant cancer formation. As a result, early detection of breast cancer is critical, and with effective treatment, many lives can be saved. This research covers the findings and analyses of multiple machine learning models for identifying breast cancer. The Wisconsin Breast Cancer Diagnostic (WBCD) dataset was used to develop the method. Despite its small size, the dataset provides some interesting data. The information was analyzed and put to use in a number of machine learning models. For prediction, random forest, logistic regression, decision tree, and K-nearest neighbor were utilized. When the results are compared, the logistic regression model is found to offer the best results. Logistic regression achieves 98% accuracy, which is better than the previous method reported.
Physical Education Teaching Strategy under Internet of Things Data Computing Intelligence Analysis
Authors: Zhang Pingting , Hou JianPeng
Published: April 2022

Racket sports such as tennis are amongst the most popular recreational sports activities. Optimizing tennis teaching methods and improving teaching modes can effectively improve the teaching quality of tennis. In this study, a video and image action recognition system based on image processing techniques and Internet of things is developed to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional tennis teaching methods. To validate its performance, the students of tennis courses are divided into experimental group and control group, respectively. The control group is taught by using the traditional tennis teaching method whereas the experimental group is taught by using the IoT video and image recognition teaching system. Three factors of students including service throwing height, arm elbow angle, and knee bending angles of both groups are measured and compared with those of world elite tennis players. The results show that the students’ serving abilities in the experimental group are significantly improved using the video and image recognition system based on IoT, and they are better than those of the students in the control group. The proposed video and image processing technique can be applied in students’ physical education and can be employed to provide the basis for the innovation of tennis teaching strategies in physical education.
Evaluation of Anticancer Potential of Biogenic Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO NPs) against Breast Cancer
Authors: Zughaibi Torki A. , Mirza Ahmed A. , Suhail Mohd , Jabir Nasimudeen R. , Zaidi Syed Kashif , Wasi Samina , Zawawi Ayat , Tabrez Shams
Published: April 2022

The present study evaluated the anticancer potential of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized from pumpkin seed extract in human breast cancer cell line (MDA‐MB‐231) using a battery of tests such as MTT [3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, morphological alteration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The biogenic CuO NPs showed a dose‐dependent decline in cell viability with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 20 μg/ml. Treatment with an IC50 dose of CuO NPs resulted in considerable morphology changes, such as shrinkage, detachment, membrane blebbing, and deformed shape in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. We also observed a significant dose‐dependent increase in ROS production and MMP modulation due to CuO NP treatment. Overall, CuO NPs showed significant anticancer potential in the breast cancer cell line. However, further validation of our data is required in ex vivo and in vivo models before this nanoformulation could be exploited for the treatment/management of human breast cancer.
Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Genetic Cross-Talk between Periodontitis and Hypothyroidism
Authors: Yan Bin , Ren Fukai , Shang Wei , Gong Xiaoyan
Published: April 2022

Background. Aim of this bioinformatics study based on transcriptomic analysis was to reveal the cross-talk between periodontitis (PD) and hypothyroidism (HT). Methods. The gene expression datasets GSE18152 and GSE176153 of HT and GSE10334, GSE16134, and GSE173078 of PD were downloaded through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential Expression Genes (DEG) between cases and controls in each microarray were assessed by using the “limma” (linear models for microarray data) R package (|log2 fold change (FC)| >0 and

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-value <0.05). To analyze the cross-talk effect between HT and PD, the intersection of DEG of HT and PD was selected. To investigate the biological function of cross-talk genes, the gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were applied. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape software. Top 10 cross-talk genes were screened, and the expression values of these 10 genes were extracted. ROC analysis was performed by using the pROC package and GGplot2 package of R language to predict the classification accuracy. Results. The overlapping DEG between HT and PD were 107 cross-talk genes. The results revealed that developmental process (

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-value =1.06E-21) was the most significantly enriched biological process, followed by cell differentiation (

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-value =8.49E-18) and immune system process (

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-value =6.78E-11). KEGG analysis showed that Complement and coagulation cascades (

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-value =2.29E-05), Hematopoietic cell lineage (

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-value =2.66E-05), Phospholipase D signaling pathway (

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-value =0.034367878) and Chemokine signaling pathway (

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-value =0.04946333) were significantly enriched. The top 10 genes with most connections were LCE1B, LCE2B, LCE2A, LCE2C, LCE1C, LCE1F, ITGAM, C1QB, TREM2, and CD19. The AUC values of the two datasets of HT were both greater than 65% (GSE18152 = 81.42%, GSE176153 = 68.75%). AUC values of three datasets of PD were all greater than 60% (GSE10334 = 69.23%, GSE16134 = 73.72%, GSE173078 = 81.6%). Conclusions. A genetic cross-talk between HT and PD was detected, whereby LCE family genes appeared to play the most important role.
The Innovation of Mongolian Folk Song Music Cultural Inheritance Path Based on Intelligent Computing Analysis of Communication Big Data
Authors: Wu Jiayu , Chan Cheong Jan , Chieng Julia Chin Yee
Published: April 2022

Cultural inheritance and innovation is an important measure to enhance the vitality of traditional culture and realize the sharing of national culture. Mongolian folk music, as an important part of Chinese cultural resources, plays an irreplaceable role in inheriting Mongolian culture. How to better inherit the music culture of ethnic minorities has been a hot topic in the music education circle in recent years. However, when we focus on the campus inheritance of ethnic minority music, we have to pay attention to the original living space of ethnic minority music and its unique local inheritance method. What is the relationship between them? What are the similarities and differences? The investigation of the relationship between the two is an indispensable content for exploring the inheritance of minority music. This paper aims to study the innovation of the inheritance path of Mongolian folk song music culture, endow Mongolian folk song music with a new era connotation in the new era, and let the folk song music culture be inherited and revitalized in the in-depth contact with the masses. This paper proposes a method to study user needs with the help of dissemination big data, identify malicious traffic with the help of the Internet of Things, find the most touching music and cultural elements of users, innovate and integrate the Mongolian nation, avoid malicious traffic from invading Mongolian folk songs, and enhance the attractiveness of Mongolian folk songs. Experiments have shown that Mongolian folk songs have a strong appeal, and the participation rate of young people in Mongolian folk songs has increased by 20%.
Clustering Algorithm for Big Datasets with Mixed Attribute Features under Spark
Authors: Wang Jiankai
Published: April 2022

This paper presents an in-depth study and analysis of large datasets of mixed and attribute features under Spark using a large dataset clustering algorithm. The classical algorithm K-means based on division and the density-based clustering algorithm DPC, which has become more popular in recent years, are selected as the research objects of this paper. Secondly, the original K-means algorithm is improved by combining holdout validation and K-means++ method to address the shortcomings of the K-means algorithm that the number of class clusters K needs to be set in advance and the initial class cluster centers are chosen randomly, which leads to unstable iterations and slow convergence of clustering results. The similarity matrix will be continuously updated during the iterative process. It mainly refers to the process of dividing objects into multiple classes according to the degree of similarity between objects. After the division, the objects within the class are like each other, while the objects between the classes are different from each other. The comparison experiments of the improved algorithm before and after the MovieLens dataset are conducted to verify that the new algorithm has better performance in terms of clustering accuracy and efficiency. Again, to address the drawback that the clustering results in the DPC algorithm rely heavily on the subjective selection of the truncation distance parameter cd, and it is difficult to handle datasets with complex distribution and large density variation, the algorithm can generate the optimal cd adaptively by combining K-nearest neighbors and introducing the distance comparison quantity, which has a better performance by considering the overall and local distribution of the data. The feasibility of the improved method is verified by validating the algorithm with artificial datasets and UCI datasets as well as separation tests. Finally, the parallelized design and implementation of the improved K-means algorithm and CDPC-KNN algorithm are completed by building a Spark clustering environment, and the parallelized algorithm is verified to have much better data processing capability and be more adaptable to the clustering analysis of large-scale data by comparing algorithm string parallelism experiments.
Who Is Using the Phone? Representation-Learning-Based Continuous Authentication on Smartphones
Authors: Wang Huanran , He Hui , Song Chen , Tang Hao , Sun Yanwei , Qiao Yanchen , Zhang Weizhe
Published: April 2022

Recently, mobile technology has become closely linked with our daily activities. Smartphones are used for multiple personal tasks involving private information, such as communication, healthcare, and banking. Therefore, there is a high demand for user-friendly authentication methods that prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information. This paper proposes a novel feature representation tactic for continuous authentication named Multiple Channels Biological Graph (MCBG). Unlike conventional techniques, MCBG divides the smartphone usage scenarios into more fine-grained cases, including the operation interval features. To this end, we extract the screen touch and handheld features from multiple built-in sensors without extra user interaction. We conduct experiments on 180 participants (130 adults and 50 minors) and investigate the sufficiency of different sensor combinations required to authenticate identity accurately. Results show that our MCBG-based model achieves 99.38% authentication accuracy within 1.9 seconds. Furthermore, MCBG also represents the intrinsic differences between grown-ups and minors, achieving 96% identification accuracy.
Research on EMC Optimization of Wireless Electric Field Sensor for Rail Vehicle
Authors: Liu Xueming , Sun Ping , Zhao Ta , Song Gang , Fu Caixin , Liu Weiping , Workneh Tewabe Chekole
Published: April 2022

In order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of railway vehicle wireless electric field sensor, a research on electromagnetic compatibility optimization of railway vehicle wireless electric field sensor is proposed. The results show that the optimized RF radiation energy is greatly reduced from 60 to 20, which is completely lower than the standard limit of radiation disturbance, and meets the requirements of EMC design of electronic products. The feasibility and effectiveness of the optimal design are proved. The experimental results show that the test results meet the requirements of general technical conditions of electromagnetic compatibility of speed sensor, which indicates that the electromagnetic compatibility design proposed can be popularized and applied.