bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Architecture for Addressing the Throughput Bottleneck in Spaceborne Solid-State Recorder for Electromagnetic Spectrum Sensors
Authors: Li Xufeng , Zhou Li , Zhu Yan
Published: January 2025

The data acquisition rate of electromagnetic spectrum sensors is exceedingly high. However, the throughput of current high-speed spaceborne solid-state recorders (S-SSR) remains relatively low, making it difficult for the data to be fully stored. To address this issue, a novel architecture for a high-speed S-SSR is introduced in this study. The throughput of the S-SSR is primarily limited by three factors: the performance of the error-checking algorithm, the inability of a single FPGA to support the parallel expansion of too many Flash chips due to its limited effective I/O pins, and the efficiency of FLASH control. In the proposed architecture, a 10-stage pipelined RS(252,256) code is implemented. Data are distributed and stored in different memory regions controlled by separate FPGAs. Interleaved storage, multi-plane, and cache operation FLASH control module are also employed to resolve these bottlenecks. To further increase the throughput of the S-SSR, the system clock distribution has been optimized. In addition, interleaved encoding technology has been applied to improve radiation resistance and ensure data integrity. The performance of the system was evaluated on the Xilinx XC7K325T platform. The results confirm that the architecture is capable of handling high data rates and effectively correcting errors. The system can achieve a throughput of 46.8948 Gbps, making it suitable for future deployment in space exploration missions.
Enhanced Terahertz Sensing via On-Chip Integration of Diffractive Optics with InGaAs Bow-Tie Detectors
Authors: Redeckas Karolis , Jakštas Vytautas , Bernatonis Matas , Tamošiūnas Vincas , Valušis Gintaras , Minkevičius Linas
Published: January 2025

The practical implementation of terahertz (THz) imaging and spectroscopic systems in real operational conditions requires them to be of a compact size, to have enhanced functionality, and to be user-friendly. This work demonstrates the single-sided integration of Fresnel-zone-plate-based optical elements with InGaAs bow-tie diodes directly on a semiconductor chip. Numerical simulations were conducted to optimize the Fresnel zone plate’s focal length and the InP substrate’s thickness to achieve constructive interference at 600 GHz, room-temperature operation and achieve a sensitivity more than an order of magnitude higher—up to 24.5 V/W—than that of a standalone bow-tie detector. Investigations revealed the strong angular dependence of the incident radiation on the Fresnel zone plate-integrated bow-tie diode’s response. These findings pave a promising avenue for the further development of single-sided integration of flat optics with THz detectors, enabling improved sensitivity, simplified manufacturing processes, and reduced costs for THz detection systems in a more compact design scheme.
Research on the Application of Silver Nanowire-Based Non-Magnetic Transparent Heating Films in SERF Magnetometers
Authors: Ge Yi , Li Yuhan , Li Yang , Liu Xuejing , Dong Xiangmei , Gao Xiumin
Published: January 2025

We propose a non-magnetic transparent heating film based on silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) for application in spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetic field measurement devices. To achieve ultra-high sensitivity in atomic magnetometers, the atoms within the alkali metal vapor cell must be maintained in a stable and uniform high-temperature environment. Ag-NWs, as a transparent conductive material with exceptional electrical conductivity, are well suited for this application. By employing high-frequency AC heating, we effectively minimize associated magnetic noise. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed heating film, utilizing a surface heating method, can achieve temperatures exceeding 140 °C, which is sufficient to vaporize alkali metal atoms. The average magnetic flux coefficient of the heating film is 0.1143 nT/mA. Typically, as the current increases, a larger magnetic field is generated. When integrated with the heating system discussed in this paper, this characteristic can effectively mitigate low-frequency magnetic interference. In comparison with traditional flexible printed circuits (FPC), the Ag-NWs heating film exhibits a more uniform temperature distribution. This magnetically transparent heating film, leveraging Ag-NWs, enhances atomic magnetometry and presents opportunities for use in chip-level gyroscopes, atomic clocks, and various other atomic devices.
Phytochemical Profile Screening and Selected Bioactivity of Myrtus communis Berries Extracts Obtained from Ultrasound-Assisted and Supercritical Fluid Extraction
Authors: Mërtiri Ilir , Coman Gigi , Cotârlet Mihaela , Turturică Mihaela , Balan Nicoleta , Râpeanu Gabriela , Stănciuc Nicoleta , Mihalcea Liliana
Published: January 2025

This research paper investigates the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, and antibacterial activity of Myrtus communis berries. Two extraction methods were employed to obtain the extracts: solid–liquid ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The extracts were characterized using spectrophotometric methods and Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). The UAE extract exhibited higher total flavonoid and anthocyanin content, while the SFE extract prevailed in total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical screening assay. RP-HPLC characterization identified and quantified several polyphenolic compounds. In the UAE extract, epigallocatechin was found in a concentration of 2656.24 ± 28.15 µg/g dry weight (DW). In the SFE extract, cafestol was the identified compound with the highest content at a level of 29.65 ± 0.03 µg/g DW. Both extracts contained several anthocyanin compounds, including cyanidin 3-O-glucoside chloride, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside chloride, malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride, peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride, and peonidin-3-O-rutinoside chloride. The antidiabetic potential was evaluated in vitro by measuring the inhibition of α-amylase from porcine pancreas (type I-A). The results highlighted the ability of myrtle berry extracts to inhibit α-amylase enzymatic activity, suggesting its potential as an alternative for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia. The UAE extract showed the lowest IC50 value among the two extracts, with an average of 8.37 ± 0.52 µg/mL DW. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was assessed in vitro against Bacillus spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus using the disk diffusion method. Both myrtle berry extracts exhibited similar antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. The results support further investigation of myrtle berries extracts as a potential ingredient in functional food formulation, particularly due to its antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties.
Spatial Clusters of Gambling Outlet: A Machine Learning Tree-Based Algorithm
Authors: Martínez-Cava Salvador , López Fernando A. , Sánchez-del-Val MLuz Maté
Published: January 2025

The localization of gambling establishments is a relevant topic in gambling research. In this paper, we analyze the spatial distribution of two types of gambling establishments—private and public—over the last 10 years in the municipality of Madrid (Spain). Using a spatial scan statistic, we identify the temporal dynamics of spatial clusters with high densities. The results reveal different spatial patterns regarding the locations of these two types of gambling establishments. While public gambling establishments do not exhibit spatial clustering, private gambling establishments show a growth in spatial clustering with dynamic behavior, seeking locations with specific sociodemographic characteristics. A machine learning tree-based algorithm is used to confirm that decisions on where to put new gambling establishments are based on targeting customers with a gambling profile.
The Relationship Between Data-Intelligence Empowerment, Knowledge Diversification, and Knowledge Recombinant Capabilities: Research on Sustainability of Chinese High-Tech Listed Firms
Authors: Wang Qingjin , Lyu Mengqi
Published: January 2025

Based on resource orchestration theory, this paper examines the influence of data-intelligence empowerment on enterprise knowledge recombinant capabilities empirically, using A-share-listed high-technology enterprises from 2012 to 2021 as research examples. Research shows that data-intelligence empowerment can promote both enterprise knowledge recombinant reuse capability and knowledge recombinant creation capability. Furthermore, knowledge depth diversification acts as a mediator between data-intelligence empowerment and knowledge recombinant reuse capability, and knowledge breadth diversification plays a mediating role between data-intelligence empowerment and knowledge recombinant creation capability. The heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the data-intelligence empowerment has a more promotive impact on knowledge recombinant reuse capability in non-state-owned enterprises and eastern region enterprises, and there is a promotion effect on the knowledge recombinant creation capability across enterprises with different ownership structures and regions. This study provides theoretical guidance as well as practical references for enterprises to take advantage of digital intelligence technology to empower themselves, match internal and external resources and capabilities, and ultimately accomplish sustainable recombinant innovation.
Domestic Cycling Tourism: Double Pollution, Greenhushing, and Slovenian Sustainable Travel
Authors: Gričar Sergej , Bojnec Štefan , Šugar Violeta
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the environmental and socioeconomic dimensions of domestic cycling tourism in Slovenia, focusing on “double pollution” and “greenhushing” practices. The aim is to evaluate the sustainability of cycling tourism by examining its indirect environmental impacts, particularly emissions from ancillary travel behaviours such as car usage to reach cycling destinations. Utilizing data from 2011 to 2021, this research employs factor analyses using the principal component analysis (PCA) extraction method and vector autoregression (VAR) modelling to explore relationships between key socioeconomic, environmental, and tourism-related variables. This study identifies three common factors influencing cycling tourism: (1) socioeconomic and urban dynamics, (2) tourism-driven environmental factors, and (3) climatic sustainability challenges. Results highlight that cycling tourism contributes to emissions due to associated car travel, counteracting its eco-friendly image. Findings reveal that favourable economic conditions and urbanisation drive tourism demand, while increased tourist arrivals correlate with higher emissions. This study also uncovers greenhushing, where stakeholders underreport the environmental costs of cycling tourism, leading to mistaken perceptions of its sustainability. This study concludes that, while domestic cycling tourism supports economic growth and health, its environmental benefits are compromised by ancillary emissions. Transparent environmental reporting, enhanced public transport, and local bike rental systems are recommended to mitigate these challenges and align cycling tourism with Slovenia’s sustainability goals.
Livelihood Resilience and Its Influence on Livelihood Strategy of People in the State-Owned Forest Areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia
Authors: Sun Siboyu
Published: January 2025

In 2015, the Chinese government banned logging in the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia. This is an enormous change for people who depend on the forest. Based on a survey of 1573 households in the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, our study constructs an evaluation index system of livelihood resilience composed of three dimensions: buffer capacity, self-organization, and learning capacity. The method of weighted sum is used to evaluate the livelihood resilience of local residents, and the influencing factors of livelihood strategy are analyzed by a multinomial logistic regression model. The results show that the overall level of livelihood resilience of local residents is neutral, and the self-organization is significantly higher than their buffer capacity and learning capacity. There are significant differences in livelihood resilience among the various livelihood strategies. The livelihood of households practicing forestry as a side job is most resilient followed by those practicing forestry as a main job, diversified livelihood, and forest-dependent. We found that per capita income and per capita housing area are key factors affecting the livelihood strategy shifts. Household size, household composed of multi-generations, and labor determine the basic direction of the livelihood strategy. We argued that the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia need to establish a technical training system for local residents and to strengthen the role of social organizations, which would then improve livelihood resilience.
Optimal Siting, Sizing, and Energy Management of Distributed Renewable Generation and Storage Under Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Al-Mahammedi Mohammed Turki Fayyadh , Onat Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Integrating new generation and storage resources within power systems is challenging because of the stochastic nature of renewable generation, voltage regulation, and the use of microgrids. Classical optimization methods struggle with these nonlinear, multifaceted issues. This paper presents a novel optimization framework for integrating, sizing, and siting distributed renewable generation and energy storage systems in power distribution networks. To accurately reflect load variability, the framework considers four distinct load models—constant impedance, current, power, and ZIP (constant impedance, constant current, constant power). Our approach utilized three metaheuristic approaches to enhance the efficiency of power system management. The validation results on the IEEE 33 Bus System conclude that the Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) emerged as the best performer regarding voltage stability and real power loss reduction with a voltage stability index of 0.0031346. Modified Ant Lion Optimization (ALO) achieved a best voltage stability index of 0.0024115 and power losses of 7.5092 MVA. The Red Colobus Monkey Optimization (RMO) algorithm realized a voltage stability index of 0.0052053 and real power losses of 20.7564 MVA. Overall, the results conclude that ALO is the most effective approach for optimizing distributed renewable energy systems under different climatic conditions. According to the analysis, the algorithm works best in ideal circumstances when the percentages of wind and irradiance are 60% or greater.
A Review of Life Cycle Assessment Application in Municipal Waste Management: Recent Advances, Limitations, and Solutions
Authors: Nurzhan Amanzhan , Ruan Xuewei , Chen Dingjiang
Published: January 2025

The treatment or utilization of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a topic of intense global concern. Life cycle assessment (LCA), as applied to municipal waste, has recently attracted significant attention from researchers. The life cycle of MSW encompasses a series of processes, beginning with waste generation and ending with its final disposal. This study aims to provide an overview of the LCA methodology and the development of various software tools, discussing both the limitations and potential of LCA. We searched the Web of Science database for all articles published between January 2003 and October 2023 on the topic of “life cycle assessment in municipal waste management”. This review thus offers the most current evidence on LCA in MSW management, emphasizing the need for more effective global environmental governance to address waste management issues.
Education for Improving Awareness and Practices Regarding Hand Hygiene Among Romanian School Children
Authors: Trandafir Anda-Valentina , Lotrean Lucia Maria
Published: January 2025

Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. This study aimed to describe the implementation, effect and process evaluation of an educational session focused on promoting hand hygiene among school children within a school-based health education program. Seven schools from Romania participated in a longitudinal study. Children were categorized in two groups: Intervention (participating in a session in which they learnt about the importance of hand hygiene and the technique of handwashing, as part of a comprehensive educational program) and Control (standard education). Data were gathered through confidential questionnaires at baseline (October–November 2019, 880 participants) and follow-up (December 2020–February 2021, 484 participants); 350 children participated in both assessments. Many children consistently practiced handwashing in several situations at both evaluations. At follow-up, both groups had improved several hand hygiene practices; students from the Intervention group showed a higher handwashing frequency after using the toilet and before meals in comparison with the Control group. The majority of students from the intervention group agreed the program helped improving their handwashing behavior; girls and children with parents of lower educational levels tended to have a more favorable opinion. Consistent efforts and reinforcement are necessary for the maintenance of correct hand-washing practices.
Metabolic Differences in Neuroimaging with [18F]FDG in Rats Under Isoflurane and Hypnorm–Dormicum
Authors: Alstrup Aage Kristian Olsen , Simonsen Mette , Hansen Kim Vang , Real Caroline C.
Published: January 2025

Background: Anesthesia can significantly impact positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging in preclinical studies. Therefore, understanding these effects is crucial for accurate interpretation of the results. In this experiment, we investigate the effect of [18F]-labeled glucose analog fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) uptake in the brains of rats anesthetized with two commonly used anesthetics for rodents: isoflurane, an inhalation anesthetic, and Hypnorm–Dormicum, a combination injection anesthetic. Materials and Methods: Female adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of two anesthesia groups: isoflurane or Hypnorm–Dormicum. The rats were submitted to dynamic [18F]FDG PET scan. The whole brain [18F]FDG standard uptake value (SUV) and the brain voxel-based analysis were performed. Results: The dynamic [18F]FDG data revealed that the brain SUV was 38% lower in the isoflurane group after 40 min of image (2.085 ± 0.3563 vs. 3.369 ± 0.5577, p = 0.0008). In voxel-based analysis between groups, the maps collaborate with SUV data, revealing a reduction in [18F]FDG uptake in the isoflurane group, primarily in the cortical regions, with additional small increases observed in the midbrain and cerebellum. Discussion and Conclusions: The observed differences in [18F]FDG uptake in the brain may be attributed to variations in metabolic activity. These results underscore the necessity for careful consideration of anesthetic choice and its impact on neuroimaging outcomes in future research.
Enhancing Tourist Satisfaction on Komodo Island: A Data-Driven Analysis of Online Reviews
Authors: Riswanto Aura Lydia , Chamberlain Laleesha Angelee , Kim Hak-Seon
Published: January 2025

This study examines the role of Komodo Island in boosting Indonesia’s status as a leading global tourism destination, emphasizing the importance of balancing environmental preservation with visitor satisfaction for sustainable growth. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of online reviews from Google Travel, this study identifies key factors that shape tourists’ experiences on Komodo Island. Specifically, the objectives are to uncover the primary drivers of visitor satisfaction and offer practical recommendations for tourism operators and policymakers. Using text mining and semantic network analysis through RStudio and UCINET 6.0 to analyze word associations, alongside exploratory factor analysis and linear regression in SPSS 29, this study focuses on aspects such as “Value for Money” and “Service Quality”. The results show that natural attractions greatly enhance visitor satisfaction, whereas high expenses and inconsistent service quality are sources of dissatisfaction. These insights highlight the importance of revisiting pricing approaches and enhancing training for frontline staff. The study’s recommendations for sustainable tourism on Komodo Island center on recalibrating pricing and improving service quality, fostering a memorable experience for visitors.
Precision Higgs Constraints in U(1) Extensions of the Standard Model with a Light Z′-Boson
Authors: Péli Zoltán , Trócsányi Zoltán
Published: January 2025

Anomaly-free U(1) extensions of the standard model (SM) predict a new neutral gauge boson Z′. When Z′ obtains its mass from the spontaneous breaking of the new U(1) symmetry by a new complex scalar field, the model also predicts a second real scalar s, and the search for the new scalar and the search for the new gauge boson become intertwined. We present the computation of production cross sections and decay widths of such a scalar s in models with a light Z′ boson when the decay h→Z′Z′ may have a sizeable branching ratio. We show how the Higgs signal strength measurement in this channel can provide stricter exclusion bounds on the parameters of the model than those obtained from the total signal strength for Higgs boson production.
The Opportunity for a Sustainable Social Economy in Vacant Spain: An Empirical Analysis in COVID-19 Confinement
Authors: Buceta-Albillos Natividad , Ayuga-Téllez Esperanza
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic offers an opportunity for the revitalisation of empty Spain and the development of new sustainable business models in a healthier environment, taking the competitive advantages of digitalisation and the benefits of contact with nature. This study presents a positive analysis of the situation after three months of confinement with the research objective of evaluating the potential for development a sustainable social economy in empty Spain based on the hypotheses presented. In order to demonstrate the six hypotheses put forward in the research, a review of the existing literature was conducted, socio-economic and environmental indicators from official sources were consulted, and descriptive statistics methods have been applied. Digitalisation, the social economy, the bio-economy, and the revitalisation of heritage seem to be the drivers for achieving the challenges proposed. By perceiving reality through a lens that values nature and creative intelligence, a new avenue of opportunities may be opened up, leading to an improvement in quality of life and well-being, and potentially retaining the rural population. Following this study, which assesses the opportunities, risks, and challenges and establishes a plan of measures, players, and resources for future implementation in vacant Spain, new lines of work will become available.
Geochemical Insights into Health Risks from Potentially Toxic Elements in Rural Aqueducts of Cocle, Panama: Unveiling Links to Local Geology
Authors: Domínguez Anmary , Segundo Felipe , Arrocha Jonatha , Miranda Laura , Chong Tamir , Sandoval Hillary , Martínez Ernesto , Gutiérrez Eric , Rodríguez Rita , Nieto Carlos , Franco César , Aponte-González Liliana , Vergara-Chen Carlos , Olmos Jorge , Vargas-Lombardo Miguel , Moreno-Chavez Jose , Jiménez-Oyola Samantha , González-Valoys Ana Cristina
Published: January 2025

The El Valle Volcanic Complex, located in the province of Cocle, Panama, presents geological characteristics that could be linked to public health problems. This study focuses on the municipalities of San Juan de Dios, Pajonal, and Caballero, where water is consumed directly from springs (groundwater outcrops). The region has a high incidence of non-traditional chronic kidney disease (nt-CKD) that may be associated with the natural presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the water. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of PTEs in groundwater and assess the carcinogenic (CR) and non-carcinogenic (HQ) risk to human health from the direct ingestion of water. Sediments, rocks, and water samples were collected. Major ions and PTEs (As, Al, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr, Sb, Pb, V, and Zn) were measured, and the mineralogical composition of the rocks was analyzed. The results showed that Fe was the only PTE that exceeded the recommended concentration for drinking water, according to Panama regulations, and Pb according to USEPA. In Caballero and Pajonal, the acceptable threshold for CR and HQ was exceeded, a higher percentage than in San Juan de Dios. The PTEs that contribute most to the risk are Co, Cu, Pb, and As. This study suggests that the region’s historical volcanic activity, involving the release of minerals rich in these PTEs, along with the interaction between groundwater and volcanic rocks, may be contributing to the presence of PTEs in the water. This geological phenomenon could be what has led to prolonged exposure to these elements, which correlates with the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the area. This is a novel study, the first conducted in Panama, as it seeks to uncover the relationship between the geology of the site, the presence of PTEs in the groundwater of springs for human consumption, and the implication of health risks, with the aim of generating new information for decision makers for the generation of public policies on health issues such as nt-CKD and cancer in the region.
Analysis of the Water Quality of a Typical Industrial Park on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Using a Self-Organizing Map and Interval Fuzzy Number-Based Set-Pair Analysis
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyuan , Ming Di , Meng Yingyi , Yang Zhiping , Peng Qin
Published: January 2025

The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) serves as the origin for several major rivers in Asia and acts as a crucial ecological barrier in China, characterized by its regional conservation significance. Production activities in the industrial park in this special geographical environment may exacerbate its environmental vulnerability. We examined the spatial and temporal patterns of water quality parameters, identified the factors influencing water quality, and evaluated the associated risks using various analytical methods, including the Boruta algorithm and interval fuzzy number-based set-pair analysis (IFN-SPA). The results showed that the average concentrations in the flood season and dry season were significantly different. The average value of Cd in the flood season belonged to the water quality standard of Class II. Different heavy metals show different spatial distribution characteristics, and the reason for the difference comes from livestock farms and industrial enterprises. The results for the flood season and dry season were different, which further proves that meteorological factors can influence water quality. The risk of heavy metals in different rivers presents different spatial distribution characteristics; for example, the risk of heavy metals in the Sigou River is higher. The water quality assessment results indicate the need to develop a well-structured evaluation framework for managing and controlling river water pollution in the future.
Estimation of Ecological Water Requirement and Water Replenishment Regulation of the Momoge Wetland
Authors: Meng Hongxu , Zhong Xin , Wu Yanfeng , Peng Xiaojun , Li Zhijun , Wang Zhongyuan
Published: January 2025

Ensuring the ecological water requirements (EWR) suitable for wetlands are upheld is essential for maintaining the stability and health of their ecosystems, a challenge faced by wetlands globally. However, previous studies on EWRs estimation lack a comprehensive consideration of wetlands and still suffer from the problem of rough time scales. Prior studies have predominantly concentrated on its core and buffer zones, neglecting a comprehensive analysis of the wetland’s entirety and failing to account for the seasonal variations in EWRs. To fill this gap, we proposed a novel framework for estimating EWRs wetland’s entirety to guide the development of dynamic water replenishment strategies. The grey prediction model was used to project the wetland area under different scenarios and designed water replenishment strategies. We then applied this framework in a key wetland conservation area in China, the Momoge Wetland, which is currently facing issues of areal shrinkage and functional degradation due to insufficient EWRs. Our findings indicate that the maximum, optimal, and minimum EWRs for the Momoge Wetland are 24.14 × 108 m3, 16.65 × 108 m3, and 10.88 × 108 m3, respectively. The EWRs during the overwintering, breeding, and flood periods are estimated at 1.92 × 108 m3, 5.39 × 108 m3, and 8.73 × 108 m3, respectively. Based on the predicted wetland areas under different climatic conditions, the necessary water replenishment volumes for the Momoge Wetland under scenarios of dry-dry-dry, dry-dry-normal, dry-normal-dry, and normal-normal-normal are calculated to be 0.70 × 108 m3, 0.49 × 108 m3, 0.68 × 108 m3, and 0.36 × 108 m3, respectively. In years characterized by drought, the current water replenishment projects are inadequate to meet the wetland’s water needs, highlighting the urgent need for the implementation of multi-source water replenishment techniques to enhance the effectiveness of these interventions. The results of this study provide insights for annual and seasonal water replenishment planning and multi-source water management of wetlands with similar problems as the Momoge Wetland. With these new insights, our novel framework not only advances knowledge on the accuracy of wetland ecological water requirement assessment but also provides a scalable solution for global wetland water resource management, helping to improve the ecosystem’s adaptability to future climate changes.
Visión por Computadora en el ámbito de control productivo y sanidad en Animales de Granja
Authors: Reyes Zambrano Jeidy Katherine , Moreira Santos María Genoveva
Published: January 2025

En los últimos años, las tecnologías de visión por computadora han ganado popularidad en el ámbito agrícola; sin embargo, el enfoque en animales está en desarrollo debido a los desafíos que implica su integración. Esta investigación se realiza con el objetivo de estudiar el uso de tecnologías de visión por computadora para el manejo productivo y sanitario de animales de granja, para ello se utilizó la metodología “Systematic Literature Review” propuesta por Kitchenham & Charters, la cual consiste en realizar una búsqueda exhaustiva a través de bases de datos científicas, para este estudio se utilizó Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect y Google Scholar siguiendo criterios específicos de inclusión y exclusión. El proceso incluye la formulación de preguntas de investigación, la identificación de palabras claves relevantes y la evaluación de la calidad de los estudios seleccionados. A través de este proceso, se garantiza un análisis exhaustivo y riguroso de la literatura existente, logrando obtener resultados precisos y relevantes con la finalidad de estudiar diversos problemas con animales de granja tales como pollos, cerdos y ganado, que producen materia prima para el sustento y negocios de familias en sectores rurales. Tareas como la identificación, y rastreo de animales es posible gracias a herramientas como YOLOv, CNN, técnicas de segmentación, colorimetría, imágenes 2D, 3D, y cámaras que sirven como entrada de datos que se convierten en información procesada para el análisis y toma de decisiones inteligentes. Estas herramientas son útiles en prácticas con distintos propósitos que engloban el bienestar, la sanidad y la productividad de los animales. Además, esta investigación recomienda herramientas que podrían competir o superar las soluciones actuales, aportando a la ganadería de precisión en la mejora continua del uso tecnológico y su relación con el agricultor.
Tecnología emergente en la manufactura ecuatoriana
Authors: Jurado Moreira Luis Enrique , Cedeño Campuzano María Gabriela , Minaya Hernández José Mario , Vivas Vivas Fe Esperanza
Published: January 2025

Este estudio explora el impacto y los desafíos de implementación de tecnologías emergentes en la industria manufacturera de Ecuador. Específicamente, examina la adopción de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y otras tecnologías avanzadas, destacando sus potenciales beneficios y las barreras que obstaculizan su integración generalizada. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo de manera de síntesis en la cual se llevó a cabo una revisión histórica y documental de diseño no experimental, mediante recopilación de datos de fuentes secundaria. El estudio enfatiza que, aunque la IA promete mejorar la productividad y la competitividad, su despliegue se ve limitado por factores como la resistencia al cambio, la insuficiente inversión en infraestructura y la escasez de formación especializada. Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs) son particularmente afectadas, frecuentemente careciendo de los recursos necesarios para aprovechar eficazmente estas innovaciones. Concluyendo que, según los hallazgos, subrayan la necesidad crítica de que las empresas ecuatorianas prioricen la inversión tecnológica para mantener la competitividad en una economía globalizada como también abordar las barreras económicas y organizativas, mejorar el desarrollo de habilidades y fomentar un entorno regulatorio favorable, los cuales son pasos esenciales para maximizar los beneficios de las tecnologías emergentes en el sector manufacturero.
Genetic Links Between Gastrointestinal Disorders and Kidney Stone Disease
Authors: Wang Yicun , Zhao Zhiyi , Wang Runyi , Hu Xiaopeng
Published: January 2025

Background:

Epidemiological associations between kidney stone disease (KSD) and gastrointestinal disorders have been reported, and intestinal homeostasis plays a critical role in stone formation. However, the underlying intrinsic link is not adequately understood. This study aims to investigate the genetic associations between these two types of diseases.

Methods

We obtained summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies of KSD and gastrointestinal diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease and its subtypes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and diverticular disease (N = 311,254 to 720,199). Their overall genetic correlations were first estimated. We then detected the shared genetic architecture, including pleiotropic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), loci, genes and biological processes, through cross-trait analyses. In addition, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to look for their causal relationships.

Results

We found significantly positive genetic correlations between KSD and all five gastrointestinal diseases. The cross-trait analysis identified 3184 potential pleiotropic SNPs, and 33 of which were pleiotropic loci shared by the two disorders. Gene-level analyses revealed 8 pleiotropic causal genes, primarily enriched in biological pathways involving ion homeostasis and response to vitamin D. In the MR analysis, we detected causal effects from GERD, IBS and Crohn’s disease to KSD, while no reverse causality was observed.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated the positive genetic links between KSD and gastrointestinal diseases and reported pleiotropic variants, loci, and genes, implicating potential biological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of stone disease. These findings further support the role of the gut-kidney axis and provide a genetic basis for the prevention, coregulation and treatment of these diseases.
La estrategia curricular de educación ambiental en la superación de los promotores del programa educa a tu hijo.
Authors: Fumero Pérez Ariolki , Sánchez Rodríguez Circe , Fumero Pérez Ariolki
Published: January 2025

La investigación es el resultado de la revisión de la estrategia curricular de educación ambiental en la superación de los promotores del PETH, los que revelan: Insuficiente tratamiento a la educación ambiental, que permita solucionar tareas del objeto de la profesión a través de la superación profesional a los promotores del programa comunitario Educa a tu hijo, con énfasis  en la asignatura Didáctica del Conocimiento del Mundo Natural y Social. La necesidad de atención a los aspectos teóricos – metodológicos con respecto a la educación ambiental y su tratamiento durante el proceso docente educativo a partir de la vinculación coherente de las estrategias curriculares y, en particular, la del trabajo con la educación ambiental, para el logro de un aprendizaje desarrollador donde se vinculen los diferentes agentes y agencias educativas de la comunidad. Siendo el objetivo: Elaborar una estrategia pedagógica de educación ambiental para superar a los promotores del programa comunitario Educa a tu hijo.
Robot Line Follower Kontrol Kelembaban Tanah Simulasi Pada Taman Kampus Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas
Authors: Andiyanto Gregorius Fredo , Nurmansyah Wawan
Published: January 2025

Sebagian besar dari air dan nutrisi yang diperlukan oleh tanaman diperoleh dari dalam tanah dan berfungsi sebagai penopang mekanis bagi tanaman. Unika Musi Charitas merupakan perguruan tinggi swasta di Palembang yang memiliki taman, terkadang terdapat tanaman yang terlihat layu, kering, mati diakibatkan kurangnya penyiraman dalam menjaga kelembaban tanah yang dilakukan oleh petugas pengelola taman kampus. Sistem robot kontrol kondisi kelembaban tanah berbasis line follower dengan metode kontrol PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative). Robot kontrol kondisi kelembaban tanah ini menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno sebagai pengendali utama dan modul wireless NRF24L01 serta dilengkapi dengan beberapa sensor lain seperti sensor infrared, sensor ultrasonic, dan sensor kelembaban tanah. Pengujian pengiriman data kelembaban tanah dengan kondisi tanah kering dan lembab, skenario pengujian jika kondisi tanah kering dengan persentase 0% - 37% maka sistem akan mengirimkan data dan begitu sebaliknya jika kondisi tanah lembab dengan persentase lebih dari 37% maka sistem akan berhenti atau tidak mengirimkan data, Hasil pengujian dapat dilihat bahwa sistem dapat mengirim data/pesan disaat nilai sensor kelembaban tanah 0% sesuai dengan hasil yang diharapkan. Pada nilai sensor kelembaban tanah lebih dari 37% sistem juga berjalan sesuai dengan hasil yang diharapkan, yaitu sistem menampilkan pesan “tidak mengirim pesan, tanah lembab” pada serial monitor arduino IDE.
High-Performance Edge-Contact Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide Transistors
Authors: Xiao Jiankun , Xiong Xiong , Shi Xinhang , Liu Shiyuan , Zhu Shenwu , Zhang Yue , Huang Ru , Wu Yanqing
Published: January 2025

Edge contact is essential for achieving the ultimate device pitch scaling of stacked nanosheet transistors with monolayer 2-dimensional (2D) channels. However, due to large edge-contact resistance between 2D channels and contact metal, there is currently a lack of high-performance edge-contact device technology for 2D material channels. Here, we report high-performance edge-contact monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS
2
) field-effect transistors (FETs) utilizing well-controlled plasma etching techniques. Plasma etching with pure argon improves the edge dangling bonds and thus improves the edge-contact quality. Edge-contact monolayer MoS
2
FET shows good ohmic contact even at cryogenic temperatures (20 K), achieving a record-low contact resistance (
R
c
) of 1.25 kΩ·μm among all edge-contact MoS
2
devices. The record-high on-state current of 436 μA/μm and transconductance of 123 μS/μm at
V
ds
= 1 V are achieved on an edge-contact monolayer MoS
2
FET with
L
ch
= 120 nm. This work highlights the great potential of edge contacts for high-performance monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) material electronics.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the air quality of polish cities – challenges for managers
Authors: Hajduk-Stelmachowicz Marzena , Bełch Paulina , Szczygieł Elżbieta , Fura Barbara , Frankiewicz Michał Piotr
Published: January 2025

This article aimed to investigate the coronavirus pandemic's impact on air quality in Poland. The study used data from 2015–2023 from measurement stations located in five large Polish cities with different geographical locations. The data concerned particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). On the basis of the statistical analyses performed, a decrease in the amount of all types of pollutants was found in 2020, with a reduction in the concentration of NOx being statistically significant only for two of the three cities studied (Kraków and Wrocław). It was concluded that the restrictions introduced in relation to the SARS-CoV-2 virus may have contributed to an improvement in air quality in Polish cities compared to previous years.
Molecular typing of multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from Iraqi burned patients
Authors: Touma Mustafa Mohammed , Kudhair Bassam K. , Zayed Karrar S. , Lafta Inam J.
Published: January 2025

Klebsiella pneumoniae causes lethal nosocomial infections, mostly affecting patients with severe burns. More than 80% of its isolates have shown resistance to routinely used antibiotics in parallel with increased infection rates. The study aimed to determine the molecular typing and genetic relatedness of K. pneumoniae. Therefore, 20 multidrug resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae already isolated from infected burned wounds in two major hospitals of Al-Kut city east Iraq were subjected to genotyping analysis. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used along with three oligonucleotide primers (P13, OPX-04, and OPY-01). The amplicons’ patterns of the electrophoresis-gel were analyzed by the GelJ software. Results revealed various patterns of DNA bands. A genetic similarity was seen within isolates from some locations. This genetic relatedness was captured by dendrogram analysis of the generated RAPD profiles. However, a genetic diversity among K. pneumoniae clinical isolates was also detected suggesting their different origins as well as ongoing changes of the bacterial genome. Furthermore, this could propose the circulation of many strains simultaneously within the hospitals. Therefore, it is important to consider this genetic heterogeneity when developing control measures for nosocomial K. pneumoniae infections. In conclusion, the current study highlights the dissemination of various MDR K. pneumoniae strains in the burn wards of two major hospitals in Al-Kut city, Iraq. Similar studies need to be performed in other Iraqi hospitals to establish a data base used in infection control systems, to predict, and manage the spread/outbreaks correlated with certain genotypes of resistant strains.
Bacteria and viruses in gene therapy: An evidence-based review
Authors: Musa Firyal Ayyal , Salim Dunia Kamal , Shalgam Dhamyaa Obaid , Mohammed Khaldoon Jasim
Published: January 2025

Gene therapy means introducing genetic information into a cell to treat or prevent disease. It can replace defective genes, suppress harmful genes, or enhance cellular functions; therefore, it is considered promising for various diseases such as genetic disorders, cancer, and viral infections. This review assembled evidence related to bacterial (Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Lactococcus lactis) and viral (Retroviruses, Herpes simplex viruses, Lentiviruses, and Adenoviruses) vector-mediated gene therapeutics along with their efficacy, safety, and possible uses in gene therapy. The results demonstrated bacterial vectors can transfer their genes, especially in cancer treatment. Research has shown that live Salmonella strains can preferentially home into tumors and suppress their growth. E. coli has been modified to enhance the ability to transfer genetic material and minimize toxic impacts. Listeria monocytogenes bacterium has been considered for cancer treatment through immunotherapy, while Lactococcus lactis has the potential for use in inflammatory diseases because of its probiotic qualities. Surprisingly, viral vectors continue to dominate the field of gene therapy because they are effective in transferring genes. Both retroviruses and lentiviruses have been employed due to their capacity to integrate ad hoc within the host cell genome and maintain gene expression over long periods. Human herpes simplex viruses exhibit significant packaging capacity and neurotropism, while adenoviruses are utilized effectively in various cancer treatment applications.
Functional analysis of the antisense long noncoding RNA ANO1-AS2 and the ANO1 gene in Iraqi men with idiopathic infertility
Authors: Abood Shimaa Jumaa , Salih Maan Hasan , Salih Mohammad Mutlag
Published: January 2025

The leading causes of male infertility remain unclear. Men with average semen analysis results are diagnosed with idiopathic infertility. The ANO1-AS2 gene is a long noncoding RNA located close to the anoctamin1 (ANO1) gene. ANO1 regulates calcium-activated chloride channels, which regulate many cellular processes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationships between ANO1-AS2 and ANO1 expression in men with idiopathic infertility. ANO1-AS2 and ANO1 expression was evaluated in sperm samples from 50 men with idiopathic infertility and 50 fertile men. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyse the sperm samples. The results showed that ANO1 expression was significantly higher than ANO1-AS2 expression (p = 0.0001). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between ANO1 mRNA levels and sperm motility (p < 0.001; r = 0.7189). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was found between ANO1-AS2 levels and sperm motility (p < 0.003; r = -0.4068). ANO1 mRNA levels were also negatively correlated with abnormal sperm morphology (p < 0.0137; r = -0.3464), whereas ANO1-AS2 levels were positively correlated with abnormal sperm morphology (p < 0.0127; r = 0.350). The observed inverse relationship between ANO1-AS2 and ANO1 expression indicated that ANO1-AS2 may play a role in ANO1 downregulation. However, the expression of both genes was not related to the cause of idiopathic infertility in men in average semen analysis. Further studies are needed to determine the potential correlation between male infertility and ANO1-AS2 in other ethnic groups and types of infertility.