bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЭМПАТИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА ЛИЧНОСТИ КАК ОСНОВА ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКОМЕРНЫХ СИСТЕМ: ОПЫТ КОНЦЕПТУАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: ПОЧУКАЕВА Галина , МАДЖУГА Анатолий
Published: June 2022

В статье рассмотрены особенности эмпатической культуры как сложного междисциплинарного феномена; уточнена дефиниция «эмпатическая культура» в аспекте концептуальных теоретических положений полипарадигмального подхода. Особое внимание уделено определению сущностных характеристик эмпатической культуры и описанию обозначенного феномена в контексте полипарадигмального подхода. Авторы доказывают, что эмпатическая культура выступает в качестве основы проектирования человекомерных систем и профессионально важного качества в помогающих (социономных) профессиях.
IMPROVING LANGUAGE TEACHING TECHNOLOGIES AT PRIMARY STAGE IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: TOSHBOYEVA Barnokhon
Published: June 2022

This article reveals the development and recommendations for improving the technology of teaching a foreign (English) language in primary school.
BO`LAJAK BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O`QITUVCHILARNING TADQIQOTCHILIK KOMPETENSIYALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH O‘ZIGA XOS HUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: RAXMATOVA Feruza
Published: June 2022

Maqolada bo‘lajak boshlang‘ich ta'lim o‘qituvchilarining tadqiqotchilik ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirish hususiyatlari yoritilgan. Muallif oliy ta'lim muassasalari talabalarida tadqiqotchilik kompetensiyalarni rivojlantirish bo‘yicha o‘z fikr va mulohazalarini berib o‘tgan.
О СЛОЖНОСТИ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ: НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ МЕТОДИСТА-ПЕДАГОГА
Authors: ЖАРОВ Валентин , МЕНГНАРОВ Холмурод
Published: June 2022

Обучение в любом учебном заведении является процессом, в котором пересекаются множество интересов, личностных и внешних сред. Сам процесс входит во множество путей развития, совершенствования и через него формируются информационные потоки, влияющие на судьбы многих людей. Данная статья посвящена педагогике, которую Гессен С.И назвал практической философией.
IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPING PEDAGOGICAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors: ABDULLAEVA Nasibahon
Published: June 2022

This article is about a type of pedagogical responsibility specific to prospective students, and general suggestions for learning about it.
UMUMIY O‘RTA TA'LIM MAKTABLARIDA ELEKTRON TA'LIMIY VOSITALARDAN FOYDALANISHNING NAZARIY VA AMALIY ASOSLARI
Authors: QARAXONOVA Lobarxon
Published: June 2022

Hozirgi kunda ta'lim tizimida yangi zamonaviy ta'lim usullari va vositalarini joriy etish davr talabiga aylandi. Ta'lim jabhalarining har birida va uzluksiz ta'lim tizining turli bosqichlarida kompyuter texnikasi, AKT vositalarining yangi yo‘nalishlarini joriy etilishi bo‘lajak fan sohalarining yetuk mutaxassisi bo‘lish arafasida yosh avlodning bilim olishida asosiy yordamchi vosita bo‘lib xizmat qilmoqda. Mazkur maqolada ta'lim tizimining umumiy o‘rta ta'lim bosqichi sanalgan maktablarda tabiiy fanlar, jumladan biologiya fanini elektron ta'limiy vositalar asosida tashkil etish va samaradorlikka erishishning nazariy va amaliy asoslariga bag‘ishlangan.
Роль человеческого фактора в кризисе «цепочек поставок»
Authors: Лукичѐв П.М.
Published: June 2022

В статье анализируется на примере развитых стран современный кризис «цепочек поставок», первоначально вызванный пандемией COVID-19. Автор делает вывод о решающем влиянии «человеческого фактора» в возникновении и сохранении глобального кризиса «цепочек поставок».
Государственные программы развития сельских территорий: проблемный аспект
Authors: Нижельский Т.Н.
Published: June 2022

Содержание статьи акцентирует внимание на сущности использования программных и проектных технологий как основного для современной практики метода управления развитием сельских территорий. Сформулирован вывод о том, что несмотря на имеющийся в данной области опыт, поиск эффективных приемов и методов разработки самих программ и их реализации актуальности не теряет. В статье выделены основные проблемные аспекты недостаточно высокой результативности реализации государственных программ развития сельских территорий, в числе которых разбалансированность целевых показателей и ресурсов, дифференциация сельских территорий, в том числе в территориальных границах одного региона, отсутствие однозначного понимания задач и полномочий на разных уровнях государственного управления, не владение разработчиками программ истиной информацией о проблемах и сложностях сельских территорий, отдельных предприятий, недостаточная конкретизация инструментов и методов возможного эффективного управления в изучаемой сфере. Представлены наиболее общие направления улучшения практики реализации государственных программ развития сельских территорий.
Развитие региональной инновационной системы в РФ
Authors: Островская И.Э.
Published: June 2022

Одной из основ конкурентоспособности национальной экономики является результативность функционирования и развития региональных инновационных подсистем (далее – РИП), содействующих повышению эффективности хозяйственной деятельности и росту качества жизни населения за счет внедрения новых технологий и изобретений, распространения и реализации новых знаний. Несмотря на принятые меры в области управления национальной и региональными инновационными системами в России, наблюдаются институциональные проблемы, несогласованность стратегических целей и оперативных задач, отсутствие эффективных механизмов взаимодействия государства, бизнеса и науки.
Социализация лиц после выхода на свободу из мест лишения свободы: психологические особенности
Authors: Симонович Н.Е.
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматриваются важные психологические особенности социализации лиц, вышедших из мести лишения свободы. Рассмотрены вопросы создания специализированных социальных центров, где будут проходить адаптацию и социализацию такие люди. Также рассматривается вопрос специальной подготовки сотрудников данных центров, особенности отбора и обучения их новой специальности. Даются рекомендации и советы по работе таких специализированных центров.
Зарубежные и отечественные методики учета затрат и расчета себестоимости
Authors: Боташева Л.С. , Абайханова А.А-С.
Published: June 2022

В статье представлен сравнительный анализ различных систем и методов учета затрат на производство продукции. Система управления затратами рассматривается как часть бизнес-процессов организации. Констатируется, что поскольку для наиболее эффективного использования систем и методов расчета затрат организация сама, исходя из специфики отрасли и индивидуальных особенностей бизнеса, определяет, какие системы и методы следует использовать, то необходимым элементом такого выбора является знание особенностей и экономического значения всех используемых в настоящее время систем и методов учета и расчета затрат.
Improving Learning Skills in Detection of Denial of Service Attacks with Newcombe - Benford's Law using Interactive Data Extraction and Analysis
Authors: Hajdarevic Kemal , Pattinson Colin , Besic Ingmar
Published: June 2022

Denial of Service attacks and the distributed variant of this type of attack called DDoS are attack types which are easy to start but hard to stop especially in the DDoS case. The significance of this type of attack is that attackers use a large number of packets usually created with programs and scripts for creating specially crafted types of packets for different types of attack such as SYN flood, ICMP smurf, etc. These packets have similar or identical attributes such as length of packets, interval time, destination port, TCP flags etc. Skilled engineers and researchers use these packet attributes as indicators to detect anomalous packets in network traffic. For fast detection of anomalous packets in legitimate traffic we proposed Interactive Data Extraction and Analysis with Newcombe-Benford power law which is able to detect matching first occurrences of leading digits – size of each packet that indicate usage of automated scripts for attack purposes. Power law can be used to detect the same first two, three, or second digits, last one or two digits in data set etc. We used own data set, and real devices.
Brain Tumor Segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Image using Optimized Thresholded Difference Algorithm and Rough Set
Authors: Toufiq Dalia Mohammad , Sagheer Ali Makki , Veisi Hadi
Published: June 2022

This research presents an effective method for automatically segmenting brain tumors using the proposed Optimized Thresholded Difference (OTD) and Rough Set Theory (RST). The tumor area is determined using the proposed two-level segmentation algorithm. The first level i.e., an overlay image is created, which is the intensity average of all the pixels of the brain area that were segmented in the initial stage. Then the second level, in which the process of the thresholded difference is applied between the brain area and the overlay image depending on the specified threshold. Features are extracted from the segmented images using the Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). To improve performance, an RST is employed with the extracted features. The completely automated methodology is validated using Figshare open dataset.
Short Acting Beta Agonist Use Associated with Increased Mortality and Morbidity in Asthma Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Yiyun , Kung Janice , Galatis Dimitri , Banh Hoan Linh
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Short acting b2 agonists are recommended to be used ≤ 2 canisters per year. It is suggested that overuse of b2 agonists will lead to increased morbidity and mortality.  This study aimed to determine if overuse of b2 agonists result in increased morbidity and mortality. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine if overuse of b2 agonists cause increase mortality, ICU admissions, hospitalization, and exacerbation. Results: A total of 11,888 publications were identified and 4260 duplications were removed, resulting in 7268 abstracts that were screened and 7254 irrelevant studies that were excluded. Ultimately, 14 studies were included. The overall pooled estimated odds ratio (OR) for mortality was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.66, 1.05), 0.99 for ICU admission (95% CI: 0.80, 1.21), 1.22 for hospitalization (95% CI: 0.96, 1.31), and 0.99 for exacerbation (95% CI: 0.85, 1.15). Conclusion: There is no statistical difference in mortality, ICU admission rate, hospitalization, or exacerbation with using b2 agonists.
Pueblos indígenas y COVID-19 en el Perú: la crisis sanitaria y las deficiencias estructurales
Authors: Orcotorio Figueroa Rodrigo Walter
Published: June 2022

La pandemia por el COVID-19 es un evento de grandes y complejas proporciones. El Gobierno peruano ha tratado, innumerables veces, de lidiar con sus consecuencias durante el primer año de la crisis. Sin embargo, debido a las condiciones sociales y económicas de la gran mayoría de la población, estos intentos resultaron ser infructuosos y en casos específicos solo agravaron aún más los efectos de la pandemia. En ese sentido, las comunidades nativas, y en general los pueblos indígenas, sufrieron por las ausencias estructurales en materia de servicios públicos (acceso a agua potable y salud) que el COVID-19 se encargó de revelar. Las respuestas tardías del Gobierno central y las preferencias por la reactivación económica dieron cuenta de una seria contradicción entre las prioridades en la gestión de la crisis en los territorios amazónicos.

En el presente trabajo se abordan, en primer lugar, estas condiciones estructurales en materia de servicios públicos, sobre todo aquellas relacionadas con el acceso a agua potable y salud en las comunidades nativas. En segundo lugar, se analizan las medidas legislativas y administrativas implementadas para la protección de las comunidades nativas y el fortalecimiento de sus capacidades contra el COVID-19. Con todo ello, se indagará en las verdaderas falencias y deficiencias de la propuesta nacional para la reactivación económica y el problema vivido por dichas comunidades en el primer año de la crisis.
Energy Market Investment Methodologies
Authors: Bernadett Matyas Tímea
Published: June 2022

As more and more renewable energy market investment opportunities come to the fore, investors intend to optimize their assets through risk-return diversification. In the light of Markowitz’s modern portfolio theory aimed at recognizing the potential for higher returns and lower risks, the identification of different energy market segments has become essential. In this regard, through the research of the conventional and alternative/ renewable energy market segments, as well as various international statistical models, the optimal methodology was identified. The optimal methodology allows the aggregation of different energy and alternative/ renewable energy ETFs into international investment portfolios using a variable weighing of assets and is expected to result in an adequate outcome.
Kan kültüründe bakterilerin hızlı tanısı ve duyarlılıklarının saptanması
Authors: KAYIN DİNÇ Münevver , ÖZENCİ Volkan , AYDEMİR Sabire Şöhret
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda; etkenin kısa sürede tanımlanması ve uygun antimikrobiyal tedavi uygulanması, morbidite ve mortalitenin azaltılması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, kan kültüründen doğrudan tanımlama ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testlerinin yapılması için geliştirilen yeni bir yöntemin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: BacT/Alert 3D sisteminde pozitif sinyal veren kan kültürü örneklerinden yıkama ve santrifüj işlemleri ile bakteriyel çökelti elde edildi. Bu çökeltiden Vitek MS kullanılarak tanımlama yapıldı, ardından VITEK 2 otomatize sisteminde doğrudan antibiyotik duyarlılık testi çalışıldı. Sonuçlar standart yöntem ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Tanımlama işlemi 80 kan kültürü örneğinde gerçekleştirildi. Doğrudan tanımlama işleminde 73 örnek tanımlandı ve bunlardan 72’si (%90) standart yöntemle uyumlu olarak sonuçlandı. Doğrudan antibiyotik duyarlılık testlerinin %97,9 oranında uyumlu olduğu saptandı. Değerlendirilen 635 antibiyotik duyarlılık sonucu içinde; 10’unda büyük hata, 3’ünde küçük hata olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Kan kültürü örneklerinden çalışmada uygulanan prosedürler kullanılarak 24 saat içinde, maliyetli reaktifler ya da uzun işlem süresine gereksinim olmadan, standart uygulama sonuçlarına benzer bir şekilde tanımlama ve antibiyotik duyarlılık sonucu elde edilebileceği görülmüştür
Applicability of endoscopic submucosal dissection after unsuccessful endoscopic mucosal resection in colorectal laterally spreading tumors: a single center experience
Authors: BUYRUK Abdullah Murat , LİVAOĞLU Ayten , AKTAŞ Aydın
Published: June 2022

Aim: Endoscopic mucosal resection might technically be unsuccessful (interrupted endoscopic mucosal resection) in some cases when treating large colorectal laterally spreading tumors. In the literature, data on the outcomes of the endoscopic submucosal dissection method in endoscopic mucosal resection interrupted tumors are lacking. In this study, we evaluated the results of patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for endoscopic mucosal resection interrupted laterally spreading tumors.
Materials and Methods: Between February 2019 and April 2021, 8 patients with endoscopic mucosal resection interrupted colorectal laterally spreading tumors underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection. The primary endpoint was en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates of endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Results: In all cases, endoscopic submucosal dissection was successfully completed. The mean tumor size was 61.5 mm (35–100 mm). The rate of en bloc resection, R0 resection and curative resection was 100%, 87.5% and 87.5% respectively. Intra-procedural perforation occurred in 1 patient (12.5%) and was successfully treated with clip application. Delayed bleeding occurred in 1 patient (12.5%), and was successfully treated with endoluminal hemostasis. Furthermore, histopathological examination revealed that laterally spreading tumors in 4 patients (50.0%) had submucosal invasion. Surgical resection was performed after endoscopic submucosal dissection in 1 patient owing to the presence of deep submucosal invasion.
Conclusion: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is an effective and relatively safe method in endoscopic mucosal resection interrupted colorectal laterally spreading tumors.
Tuberculosis in Times of COVID-19: A Diagnosis Not to Be Forgotten
Authors: Peixoto Margarida , Tenente Joana , Carvalho Isabel
Published: June 2022

N/a.
SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Prevalence in the Portuguese Municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia after the First Wave of the Pandemic
Authors: De Carvalho Álvaro , Virgolino Ana , Queirós Paula , Henriques Ana Rita , Canhão Helena , Rodrigues Ana Maria , Barbosa Veneranda , Rodrigues Joana , Germano de Sousa José , Guimarães Miguel
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence may detect the real spread of the virus because antibody data can provide a long-lasting measure of infection. Existing serological studies in Portugal have tested new serology methods, albeit with small sample sizes and a lack the focus on geographical regions with a high rate of infection cases. The aim of this study was to estimate the serological prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Vila Nova de Gaia, the most populous municipality in the north of Portugal and one of those most affected during the first pandemic wave.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between June 23rd and July 17th, 2020. Included in the cohort were 18- to 74-year-old men and women living in the municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia, who were sampled through a nonprobabilistic quota-based approach. Cases with a previous RT-PCR diagnosis of COVID-19 were excluded. Sociodemographic and clinical information was collected using a self-administered, written questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for serological laboratory analysis to detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 anti-IgG antibodies.Results: We tested 2754 participants. Our results show a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence of 3.03% (95% confidence interval: 2.37% – 3.87%). Being a smoker (odds ratio: 0.382, 95% confidence interval: 0.147 – 0.99) and having symptoms of COVID-19 (odds ratio: 2.480, 95% confidence interval: 1.360 – 4.522) were consistently associated with lower and higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 antibody presence, respectively, regardless of the analytic design. Moreover, without adjusting for any variables, having had contact with an infected person within the household was associated with increased odds of a positive test (odds ratio: 9.684, 95% confidence interval: 4.06 – 23.101); after adjusting, having self-reported chronic diseases (odds ratio: 0.448, 95% confidence interval: 0.213 – 0.941) was associated with decreased odds.Conclusion: This was the first study to estimate the serological prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in one of the most populous municipalities in Portugal, representing the first step in the development of an epidemiological surveillance system in Portugal, which can help to improve the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Medical Leadership: Different Perspectives
Authors: Machado Gil Víctor , Ribeiras Regina , Pinto Fausto J. , Baptista José Manuel
Published: June 2022

N/a.
The Relationship between Argumentation Skills and Cognitive Flexibility of Pre-Service Science Teachers
Authors: Cankaya Ozlem , Aydogan Nilay
Published: June 2022

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between pre-service science teachers' argumentation skills and cognitive flexibility levels. Within the scope of the study, an argumentation-based science laboratory application was applied to first year science teaching students for 4 weeks. The arguments were assessed by eight faculty members and doctoral students. The Argumentation Assessment Rubric (Choi, 2008) was used to assess the quality of the written arguments. The quality of the arguments and descriptions used by the students in the reports were evaluated as total writing scores. The “Cognitive Flexibility Inventory” developed by Dennis and Vander Wal (2010) was employed to assess the cognitive flexibility levels of pre-service teachers. Simple Correlation analysis and Simple Linear Regression analysis methods were used to determine the relationship between the sub-dimensions of cognitive flexibility inventory and argumentation skills of pre-service science teachers and the effect of cognitive flexibility levels on argumentation skills. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between pre-service teachers’ cognitive flexibility levels and argumentation skills.
A new combination in Rennellia (Rubiaceae)
Authors:   Singapore Botanical Liaison Officer, Science Directorate, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond TW9 3AE U.K.., Turner Ian M.
Published: June 2022

Rennellia wallichii is proposed as a new combination to take the place of R. speciosa as the correct name of a Rubiaceae species from Myanmar, Thailand and Malaysia. A lectotype is designated for Morinda wallichii.
A complex study of anthropological materials of the Maitan burial ground of the Bronze Age Alakul Culture in Central Kazakhstan
Authors: Solodovnikov K.N.
Published: June 2022

A correlation of the results of the study of the paleoanthropological materials from the necropolis of Maitan by different scientific methods has been carried out in order to establish chronological and spatial differentiation of the burial ground and origins of the group. The complex approach allows the analysis of the problems of absolute and relative chronologies of the necropolis, demographic dynamics of the group in the context of the natural envi-ronment, and anthropological and genetic structure of the Bronze Age populations of the Eurasian steppes. The paleodemographic context reconstructed for the Maitan group is typical for the populations of the Bronze Age; some of its features may indicate an early period of adaptation, possibly related to migration of the group into the new territory. The intergroup statistical analysis of craniological materials suggests primarily western origins of the people. Particular craniological characteristics of some interred of the necropolis correspond with the recorded on the Maitan ware long-distance imports from the Urals-Tobol region of the Alakul Culture. For the first time on the materials of a numerically representative series of samples of humans and terrestrial herbivores of the Bronze Age Central Kazakhstan, Upper Tobol River region, and Trans-Urals steppes, the regional isotopic background has been established. Some individuals from the earliest burials of Maitan, according to the radiocarbon dating, are similar in isotopic ratios of carbon and nitrogen to the groups from further western regions of the Upper Tobol River steppes, whereas the other interred correspond in the isotopic values with local Central Kazakhstan sam-ples. It is possible that at the later stages of the spatial organization of the necropolis, women featuring a genetic profile different from other individuals and buried within the fences of the western planigraphic group took part in the formation of its remaining collective. In general, according to the series of calibrated radiocarbon dates, Mai-tan burial ground dates to the 18th — early 17th century BC.
From kip to leather: revisiting the reconstruction of the traditional technology of material proc-essing among the Altai people (early 20th century)
Authors: Diachenko V.I.
Published: June 2022

Based on the analysis of literary and archival sources, all stages of hand currying of animal skins, represen-ting the full cycle of technological processes of their transformation into leather among the Northern and Southern Altaians, are reconstructed. The main materials about the work of the Altai tanners are drawn from the sources of the 1930s — the time when traditional leather currying was a mundane task in every family of cattle breeders or hunters. The main techniques of manual processing of hides and the basic stages of their transformation into leather are considered. The purposes and results of each stage of the technological process in the production of leather material are shown: preservation, soaking, grounding, dehairing, impregnation with special solutions for the purpose of fermentation, tanning, softening, and smoke-drying of the skin. Like other pastoral and hunting peoples, the Altaians sewed fur clothing and footwear, for which purpose they used a composition made from fermented crushed liver and brain of animals to loosen the “bakhtarma” (the reverse side of the skin) and pre-serve the hair on the skin. When currying sheepskin, the Teleuts, who were engaged in agriculture, used grain crops for the same purpose, preparing liquid dough for impregnation and tanning of the skin. Following the curry-ing, the hide (skin) was smoke-dried. Soaked in fat and smoked skin did not harden in the rain and snow, and in summer its smell repelled mosquitoes and parasites. The result of laborious and time-consuming operations car-ried out by the ancient Altai tanners was the mastery of the technique of producing rawhide and tanned leather, as well as the manufacture of suede, which were used for the production of traditional clothing, footwear, objects of worship (shamanic drums) and everyday life. The southern Altaians even in the first third of the last century preserved the ancient tradition of sheepskin softening by fingernails. Women used their teeth to soften tough raw-hide. One of the wooden implements for leather softening — edrek (Rus.: myalka), widely used in the cultures of nomads of the steppes and taiga, — still existed, according to the findings of archaeologists, among the early nomads of the Hunno-Sarmatian epoch (2nd c. BC — 5th c. AD). The results obtained by the study can be used to popularize the knowledge about environmentally friendly technological methods in the production of leather and peculiarities of local Altai traditions in the manufacture of hides by hand.
MENUJU TEORI AKUNTANSI SYARIAH BARU
Authors: Mulawarman Aji Dedi , Triyuwono Iwan , Irianto Gugus , Ludigdo Unti
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to develop shariate accounting theory called the New Islamic Accounting Theory (NIAT), constructed from simultaneous universalities of Islamic soul (Tauhid) and localities of Indonesian uniqueness (Moslem business activity). This methodology used is Extended Integrated Islamic Hyperstructuralism (EXIST)-revisited, based on purification (tazkiyah) that would take synergy of empirical and normative values. The result is, first, normative accounting values have Tauhid values. Second, the values from Indonesian Moslem is about unified tradition works (maâ€™isyah) to realize livelihood (rizq) and discover wealth (maal) that should be blessing of God (barakah). Third, synergy consequences from normative-empirical values compose the structure of shariate accounting theory that have unique accounting objectives and technological forms of shariate financial statements.
Is Islamic banking stronger than conventional banking during the Covid-19 pandemic? Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Wijana I Made Dauh , Widnyana I Wayan
Published: June 2022

Purpose – We intended to test and compare the durability of Islamic banking and conventional banking during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. To that end, we first compared their performance before and during the pandemic. Next, we examined the effects of pandemic shocks on the performance of each of them.Methodology – The data covers 80 banks in Indonesia, which were divided into four groups, namely Islamic and conventional commercial banks, and Islamic and conventional rural banks. Each group consisted of 20 banks. Our observation period is 10 quarters, which was divided into two periods, namely the period before the pandemic (Q1-2019 – Q1-2020) and the period during the pandemic (Q2-2020 – Q2-2021). For comparison, we used a paired sample t-test, while testing the effect of shocks using a panel regression model.Findings – Islamic banking outperformed conventional banking, both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic has predominantly shaken conventional banking indicators and has only slightly shaken Islamic banking. However, this does not mean Islamic banks were superior to their conventional counterparts because both were shaken, it's just that conventional banks experienced a bigger shock than their Islamic counterparts.Originality – This is an original study that examines and compares the performance between Islamic and conventional banking using financial ratios during the Covid-19 pandemic.
MECANISMOS DE INHIBICIÓN DE LA METANOGÉNESIS CON LOVASTATINA Y ANÁLISIS DE LA EXPRESIÓN GÉNICA
Authors:   CINVESTAV, López-Reyes Naxhie , Ábrego-García Amaury ,   Departamento de Biotecnología, CINVESTAV, Poggi-Varaldo Héctor Mario ,   CINVESTAV
Published: June 2022

Las arqueas metanogénicas (AM) coexisten con la microbiota ruminal y utilizan H2 como donador de electrones para convertir CO2 en CH4. Este último es un potente gas atmosférico causante del efecto invernadero que tiene un impacto importante en el calentamiento global y el cambio climático. La lovastatina (Lv) es un medicamento para el tratamiento de hipercolesterolemia en humanos que también reduce la producción de CH4 en rumiantes. Esta revisión demuestra que existen diversos mecanismos sinérgicos que en conjunto afectan directamente la metanogénesis. El ácido mevalónico es el precursor clave de la síntesis de isoprenoides, los cuales constituyen la membrana de las AM. La Lv β-hidroxiácida, que es la forma activa de la molécula, es un inhibidor competitivo de la enzima reductasa 3-hidroxi-3-metilglutaril-coenzima A (HMGCR), que es clave para la producción de los precursores de isoprenoides que forman la membrana de AM. Este es el mecanismo al cual se atribuye principalmente la inhibición de la metanogénesis con Lv. Se han reportado mecanismos alternos que inciden en la inhibición de la metanogénesis, tales como la supresión de las enzimas de la metanogénesis que dependen del cofactor F420 y el aumento de la concentración de la acetil-coenzima A sintetizada a partir de metil-tetrahidrometanopterina (metil-H4MPT). Se ha estudiado la expresión de algunos genes clave en la ruta metabólica de la metanogénesis en Methanobrevibacter smithii en condiciones de inhibición con Lv. Se ha demostrado que se incrementó la expresión del gen de la HMGCR y se redujo la del gen de la NADP-oxidorreductasa dependiente de la coenzima F420 (NFOR).
First recorded evidence of ejection of a cuckoo egg in a fairy-wren species
Authors:   Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Turner Richard , Langmore Naomi ,   Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Osmond Helen ,   Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Cockburn Andrew ,   Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Published: June 2022

Brood-parasitic cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of other birds, abandoning parental care to their hosts. Many host species have evolved defences to escape or reduce the costs associated with cuckoo parasitism. Superb Fairy-wrens Malurus cyaneus, which are a host to several cuckoo species in Australia, can distinguish cuckoo eggs based on their size or shape, or by using indirect cues such as the timing of egg laying or the presence of an adult cuckoo near the nest. They have previously been shown to reject cuckoo eggs by methods of egg burial or abandonment. These methods are likely to be costlier than ejecting the cuckoo egg from the nest (as seen in some other host species), because of the complete failure of the reproductive attempt, in addition to the costs associated with renesting. In this study, we document with photograph and video footage an incident of a Fan-tailed Cuckoo Cacomantis flabelliformis parasitising a nest of a Superb Fairy-wren in the Australian National Botanic Gardens, Canberra. Shortly after the parasitism event occurred, we recorded the female Fairywren returning to the nest and ejecting the single Cuckoo egg. To our knowledge, this footage represents the first evidence of ejection of a cuckoo egg in this species.
Th Hyperbolic Universe
Authors: Laforet Christopher
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes a relativistic model of the Universe in which the geometry describes a 4D version of the 2-sheeted hyperboloid that is isotropic, homogeneous in space at a given time and inhomogeneous in time. The radius of this metric is temporal as opposed to spatial. It predicts both a Universe and Anti-Universe moving in opposite directions of time undergoing an expansion phase, followed by a collapsing phase. Using only the current age of the Universe and transition redshift, it predicts the accelerated expansion and it is shown that its Hubble diagram fits currently available supernova and quasar data as well as predicting a Hubble constant H0 ≈ 71.6km/s/M pc. The angular term of the metric describes time dilation caused by the relativistic kinematic precession effect known as Thomas Precession which can be interpreted as spin about the time dimension. The model also makes two novel predictions: that the early Universe should have structures older than expected due to an increased amount of proper time relative to coordinate time in that era and that the background Universe should appear brighter than current models predict
A Preliminary Investigation on Frequency Dependant Cues for Human Emotions
Authors: Kumar Manish , Abhayapala Thushara D. , Samarasinghe Prasanga
Published: June 2022

The recent advances in Human-Computer Interaction and Artificial Intelligence have significantly increased the importance of identifying human emotions from different sensory cues. Hence, understanding the underlying relationships between emotions and sensory cues have become a subject of study in many fields including Acoustics, Psychology, Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Biochemistry. This work is a preliminary step towards investigating cues for human emotion on a fundamental level by aiming to establish relationships between tonal frequencies of sound and emotions. For that, an online perception test is conducted, in which participants are asked to rate the perceived emotions corresponding to each tone. The results show that a crossover point for four primary emotions lies in the frequency range of 417–440 Hz, thus consolidating the hypothesis that the frequency range of 432–440 Hz is neutral from human emotion perspective. It is also observed that the frequency dependant relationships between emotion pairs Happy—Sad, and Anger—Calm are approximately mirrored symmetric in nature.
Knowledge Levels of Acceptance and Hesitancy of COVID-19 Vaccine Among General Population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zarei Adi Essam , Sajer Bayan , Alharshani Feda , Alshehri Afrah , Faidah Lamar , Alshehri Wafa
Published: June 2022

On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. Vaccination programs have advanced greatly in the global health period, despite widespread anti-vaccination attitudes and misinformation. Vaccine hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccine is currently a major issue in Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study was carried out from June 25, 2021 to October 2021 in order to investigate the knowledge levels of acceptance and hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccine among Saudi’s nationals. The data was collected through a close-ended structured questionnaire from a total of 565 respondents. Overall, 78.41% respondents were female, 62.48% having university level education and 61.06% were unemployed. Majority of the participants 82.30% (n=465) think that Pfizer vaccine has the highest efficiency against COVID-19. Our study concludes that majority of the participants have satisfactory knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination. Concerns over vaccine components, effectiveness of vaccine and possible side effects are among the key causes for vaccine hesitancy.
Oxygen and the Spark of Human Brain Evolution: a Complex Systems Account
Authors: Luppi Andrea , Rosas Fernando , Noonan Maryann , Mediano Pedro , Kringelbach Morten , Carhart-Harris Robin , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Vernon Anthony , Turkheimer Federico
Published: June 2022

Scientific theories on the functioning and dysfunction of the human brain require a good understanding of both its development — before and after birth, and through maturation to adulthood — and its evolution from the ancestral primate brain. Adopting a complex-systems approach, here we propose that the apparent uniqueness of humans’ cognitive capacities might best be understood as emerging from multiple nested “virtuous cycles.” In particular, we propose that the intimate link that exists between oxygen metabolic loops, cortical expansion, and ultimately cognitive and social demands is a key driver of genetic developmental programs for the human brain. Overall, our proposed evolutionary model makes explicit mechanistic links between metabolism, molecular and cellular brain heterogeneity, and behaviour that may in time provide a clearer understanding of brain developmental trajectories and their disorders.
The SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein Promotes MAPK and NF-kB Activation and Inflammatory Cytokine Production In Human Lung and Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Forsyth Christopher B , Zhang Lijuan , Bhushan Abhinav , Swanson Barbara A. , Mamede João I. , Shaikh Maliha , Zhang Li , Keshavarzian Ali
Published: June 2022

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in Jan. 2020 in Wuhan, China with a new coronavirus designated SARS-CoV-2. The principle cause of death from COVID-19 disease quickly emerged as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). A key ARDS pathogenic mechanism is the “Cytokine Storm”. This is a dramatic increase in the blood of inflammatory cytokines. In the last 2 years of the pandemic new pathology has emerged in COVID-19 survivors in which a variety of long-term symptoms emerge. This condition is called “Long COVID”. The spike protein on the surface of the virus (target for the new mRNA/DNA vaccines) is composed of joined S1-S2 subunits. Upon S1 bind-ing to the human ACE2 receptor on cells, the S1 subunit is cleaved and the S2 subunit me-diates entry of the virus. The S1 protein is then released into the blood, which might be one of the pivotal triggers for initiation and/or perpetuation of the cytokine storm. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the spike S1 protein may activate inflammatory sig-naling and cytokine production independent of the virus. Our data support a potential role for spike S1 activation of inflammatory signaling and cytokine production in human lung and intestinal epithelial cells in culture. These data support a potential role for the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein in COVID-19 pathogenesis.
The Usability of IT Systems in Document Management, using the Example of the ADPIECare Dorothea Documentation and Nurse Support System
Authors: Kilańska Dorota , Ogonowska Agnieszka , Librowska Barbara , Kusiak Maja , Marczak Michał , Kozlowski Remigiusz
Published: June 2022

Background: in 2016 an IT system was developed at MUL for the documentation of nursing practice. Preparing nursing students for the implementation of eHealth solutions under simulated conditions is crucially important for achieving digital competencies necessary for the health care systems in the future. Scientific evidence demonstrates that the use of an IT system in clinical practice shortens the time required for preparation of documentation, increases the safety of clinical decisions and provides data for analysis and for creation of predictive models for the purposes of HB HTA. Methods: The system was created by cooperation of an interprofessional team at the Medical University of Łódź. The ADPIECare system was implemented in 2016 at 3 universities in Poland, and in 2017 a study of its usability was conducted using a questionnaire made available by Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society “Defining and Testing EMR Usability MASTER V2 Final” on 78 nurses — students of MA in Nursing at Medical University of Łódź. Findings: Over 50% of the surveyed nurses have indicated the usability of the system for the “effectiveness of documentation” variable. The same group of respondents have confirmed that a positive attitude towards patient care planning with the use of the assessed system. In the opinions of the examined parties positive opinions predominated, such as e.g.: “the system is intuitive,” “the system facilitates work,” “all patient assessments are in one place,” “the time needed for data entry would be shortened.”
Comparison of Lake Area Extraction Algorithms in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Leveraging Google Earth Engine and Landsat-9 Data
Authors: Li Xusheng , Zhang Donghui , Jiang Chenchen , Zhao Yingjun , Li Hu , Lu Donghua , Qin Kai , Chen Donghua , Liu Yufeng , Sun Yun , Liu Saisai
Published: June 2022

The monitoring of lake waterbody area in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP) is of great significance to deal with global climate change. As the latest generation of Landsat series satellites, Landsat-9 data not only have higher radiometric resolution, but also cooperate with other Landsat satellites to greatly improve the temporal resolution. It has great application potential in lake waterbody area monitoring. In order to explore the performance of different algorithms for extracting waterbody and lake waterbody area in Landsat-9 data under large-scale QTP regions, this study relies on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and selects 10 waterbody extraction algorithms as the basis to realize the quantitative evaluation of QTP lake waterbody area extraction results. The results show that the Random Forest (RF) algorithm performs best in all models. The overall accuracy of waterbody extraction is 95.84%, and the average error of lake waterbody area extraction is 1.505%. Among the traditional threshold segmentation waterbody extraction algorithms, the overall accuracy of the NDWI waterbody extraction method is 89.89%, and the average error of lake waterbody area extraction is 3.501%, which is the highest performance model in this kind of algorithms. This study proves that Landsat-9 data can effectively classify QTP waterbodies. With the development of cloud computing technologies such as Gee, more complex models such as RF can be selected to improve the extraction accuracy of water body and Lake area in large-scale research.
Water and Ethanol Extracts of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Suppress Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Cells
Authors: Harjadi Kenn Rafael , Ishida Momoko , Nishi Kosuke , Sugahara Takuya , Putra Agus Budiawan Naro
Published: June 2022

Obesity is one of the major health problems which could trigger the development of many other non-communicable diseases. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a multi-purpose plant that provides many health benefits, including anti-obesity potentials. In Indonesia, it is often used as a traditional food component in many dishes. A recent in vivo study proved that tamarind might reduce the bodyweight of obese rats. To further investigate the anti-obesity effect of tamarind, an in vitro study using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes was conducted. During differentiation, 3T3-L1 cells synthesize and accumulate lipid in the form of triglycerides in the cytoplasm. Tamarind water and ethanol extracts were incorporated into the medium during the differentiation stage of the cells. Oil red O staining assay was used to measure the total lipid accumulated. Results showed that both tamarind water and ethanol extracts exhibited non-cytotoxicity effects on 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, tamarind water extract at 10 mg/mL decreased the total lipid accumulated significantly to 80.5% compared with that of control, while tamarind ethanol extract showed less lipid accumulation inhibitory effect at any doses tested. This study revealed that tamarind water extract has the potential to reduce lipid accumulation, thus showing an anti-obesity effect.
Which Abatement Policies Are Best Away from Optimality?
Authors: Rebonato Riccardo , Ronzani Riccardo , Melin Lionel
Published: June 2022

We consider the case of a non-infinitely-altruistic social planner who does not know the true climate and economic parameters of the DICE model and who, because of political or social constraints, cannot act optimally. We find that the impact of parameter uncertainty on economic outcomes is much more pronounced away from optimality than along an optimal path. We also find that for this non-omniscient and politically constrained social planner the most desirable of the ‘feasible’ courses of actions depends strongly on which quantity is known with uncertainty. A gradual ramp-up is preferred to a steep (‘Stern-like') abatement schedule when we consider (symmetric) uncertainty in the growth rate of the economy, or in the cost of abatement. This result is extremely robust to the choice of a number of non-expected-utility-maximization decisional criteria that do not make use of probabilities: minimax, maximax and maximin all give the same recommendation. Ambiguity aversion does not change these results. However, when uncertainty in the damage function is considered, a steeper abatement schedule becomes a strong contender, and is preferred by some decisional criteria. This suggests that researching this aspect of climate modelling would have the greatest policy relevance. Finally, we note that a gradual (‘Nordhaus-like') ramp-up of the abatement efforts abatement schedule is always preferred to a slower (‘business-as-usual') schedule of abatement even in the case of much stronger future economic growth or much milder climate damage than the central estimates of the DICE model.JEL Codes: D58, D81, Q28, Q54, Q58
High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) as Augmentation Therapy in Late-Life Depression (LLD) with Suboptimal Response to Treatment – a Study Protocol for a Double-Blinded Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial
Authors: Ngan Sze Ting Joanna , Chan LK , Chan WC , Lam Linda , Li Wan Kei , Lim Kelvin , Or Ego , Pang PF , Poon TK , Wong Mimi , Wu Anna , Wing Cheng Pak
Published: June 2022

Background Late-life depression (LLD) has a poorer long-term prognosis and higher relapse rate than in younger adults with up to one third of patients with LLD showing suboptimal response to antidepressant therapy. Also, LLD has been associated with significant impairment in cognition and daily functioning. Few studies have evaluated the therapeutic effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the depressive and cognitive symptoms of LDD. The current randomized controlled trial assesses the efficacy of HD-tDCS as an augmentation therapy with antidepressants compared to sham-control in subjects with LLD. Method Fifty-eight patients with LLD will be recruited and randomly assigned to the active HD-tDCS or sham HD-tDCS group. In both groups, patients will receive the active or sham intervention in addition to their pre-existing antidepressant therapy, for 2 weeks with 5 sessions per week, with each lasting 30 minutes. The primary outcome measures will be the change of depressive symptoms, the clinical response and the remission rate as measured with the HAMD-17 before and after the intervention, and at 4 th and 12 th week after completed intervention. Secondary outcome measures include cognitive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, daily functioning and adverse effects. Discussion Older adults with depression are associated with poorer outcomes with unsatisfactory responses to antidepressant therapy and significant cognitive decline thus a new effective treatment option is needed. This randomized control trial aims at assessing the efficacy of HD-tDCS on ameliorating the depressive, cognitive and anxiety symptoms and improving daily functioning of subjects with LLD. Trial registration : ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT05322863 released on 11 April 2022 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05322863