bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phân tích quy định liên quan xác định hệ số điều chỉnh chi trả dịch vụ môi trường rừng đối với rừng trồng sản xuất
Authors: Nguyễn Tiến Hải , Kiều Thị Dương , Nguyễn Quang Huy , Bùi Xuân Dũng , Trần Thị Thu Hà , Đỗ Anh Tuân , Vũ Thị Thùy
Published: February 2025

Nghiên cứu này góp phần bổ sung quy định làm căn cứ xác định hệ số điều chỉnh (K) chi trả dịch vụ môi trường rừng (DVMTR) với rừng trồng sản xuất (RTSX). Nội dung tập trung vào i) Tổng hợp các quy định liên quan xác định hệ số K; ii) Đánh giá tình hình thực hiện quy định; và iii) Đề xuất quy định sửa đổi bổ sung xác định hệ số K trong chi trả DVMTR đối với RTSX. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy ở Việt Nam đã có khung quy định pháp lý làm cơ sở xác định hệ số K điều chỉnh chi trả DVMTR với rừng nói chung, trong đó có RTSX. Tuy nhiên, hiện vẫn còn một số tồn tại trong việc xác định hệ số K. Tỷ lệ các Quỹ Bảo về và Phát triển rừng (BV&PTR) áp dụng 4 hệ số K thành phần theo quy định để xác định hệ số K còn hạn chế (đạt hơn 60%). Nguyên nhân dẫn đến tồn tại này một phần là do các quy định tại các văn bản pháp luật (VBPL) hiện hành, như Nghị định và Thông tư, còn chưa rõ ràng, thống nhất và chưa đầy đủ. Nghiên cứu đã đề xuất bổ sung các quy định xác định bảng hệ số K tại hệ thống VBPL hiện hành, cụ thể là tại Nghị định 156/2018/NĐ-CP, trong đó quy định K1 bằng 0,9 với rừng trồng; K2 cao nhất là 0,9 với rừng sản xuất; và K3 cao nhất bằng 0,9 với rừng trồng. Bên cạnh đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất nội dung (sổ tay) hướng dẫn xác định hệ số K điều chỉnh chi trả DVMTR cho RTSX, bao gồm bảng giá trị các hệ số K thành phần tương ứng với các loại RTSX.
ĐÁNH GIÁ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA CHẾ ĐỘ XỬ LÝ BẢO QUẢN ĐẾN KHẢ NĂNG CHỐNG CHỊU NẤM VÀ CÔN TRÙNG GÂY HẠI CỦA GỖ QUẾ (CINNAMOMUM CASSIA BLUME) ĐƯỢC XỬ LÝ THỦY NHIỆT ỨNG DỤNG SẢN XUẤT VÁN GHÉP THANH
Authors: Nguyễn Đức Thành , Đoàn Thị Bích Ngọc , Hoàng Thị Tám
Published: February 2025

Gỗ quế cũng giống với các loại gỗ rừng trồng hiện nay ở Việt Nam, rất dễ bị sinh vật gây hại. Kết quả đánh độ bền của gỗ quế trước và sau thủy nhiệt đều cho thấy gỗ quế có độ bền ở mức trung bình với mối và mọt, có độ bền kém với nấm mục và bị nấm biến màu hại nặng. Do đó, cần có phương pháp xử lý bảo quản để tăng độ bền sinh học của gỗ. Chế phẩm LN5 90SP với thành phần chính là ZnSO­4.7H2O và NaF được lựa chọn để xử lý bảo quản gỗ quế với nồng độ 5%; ở 2 cấp độ ẩm gỗ (khoảng 100% và 70%) và 3 cấp thời gian ngâm 8h, 24h, 48h. Độ bền sinh học của gỗ quế sau khi được xử lý bảo quản với mối, mọt, nấm mục và nấm biến màu đều tăng khi tăng cấp thời gian xử lý bảo quản. Ở chế độ ngâm 48h, qua hình ảnh chụp SEM các hạt phân tử chế phẩm bảo quản thấm bám vào thành tế bào của mạch gỗ, làm gỗ quế hoàn toàn không bị các sinh vật  gây hại. Để ứng dụng làm ván ghép thanh, gỗ quế đã xử lý bảo quản được đánh giá độ bền trượt mạch keo và độ bền đứt mối nối. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy không có sự khác biệt đáng kể giữa gỗ quế đã xử lý bảo quản và gỗ quế chưa xử lý bảo quản.
MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM HỌC CỦA LOÀI RE HƯƠNG (Cinamomum parthenoxylon (Jack) Meisn) TẠI TỈNH QUẢNG NINH
Authors: TA Nhat vuong , Phan Thị luyến , Trịnh Ngọc bon
Published: February 2025

Re hương (Cinamomum parthenoxylon (Jack) Meisn) thuộc họ Long não (Lauraceae) có phạm vi phân bố khá rộng, song số lượng cá thể còn lại trong tự nhiên rất ít. Kết quả điều tra tại tỉnh Quảng Ninh cho thấy Re hương có phân bố tại 7 huyện và thành phố thuộc tỉnh Quảng Ninh bao gồm: Bình Liêu, Ba Chẽ, Đông Triều, Hải Hà, Tiên Yên, thành phố Uông Bí, Vân Đồn. Re hương phân bố chủ yếu ở khu vực núi đất, đất Feralit màu vàng nhạt đến vàng đỏ, phát triển trên phiến thạch sét, trên đá vôi hoặc Granit. Re hương phân bố ở độ cao biến động lớn từ 30m đến 900m so với mực nước biển, ở kiểu rừng tự nhiên lá rộng thường xanh từ trạng thái rừng nghèo kiệt đến trạng thái rừng giàu. Mật độ cây gỗ dao động từ 248 cây/ha đến 1.020 cây/ha. Trữ lượng dao động từ 16,10 m3/ha đến 290,89 m3/ha. Thành phần loài ở các trạng thái rừng có Re hương phân bố rất đa dạng nhưng số lượng cá thể Re hương phân bố không đều, một số khu vực Re hương có tham gia vào công thức tổ thành nhưng không có vai trò kiến tạo hoàn cảnh rừng. Cây Re hương tái sinh tự nhiên rất ít, dao động từ 11 - 32 cây/ha, cho thấy Re hương là loài đang đối diện với nguy cơ bị đe dọa cao.
NGHIÊN CỨU TUYỂN CHỌN CÁC CHỦNG NẤM TRICHODERMA CÓ KHẢ NĂNG CHỊU NHIỆT VÀ PHÂN GIẢI CELLULOSE TẠI LÂM ĐỒNG, VIỆT NAM
Authors: Nguyễn Khoa Trưởng , Lê Ngọc Triệu , Nguyễn Thị Thùy Linh , Nguyễn Thị Bích Liên , Lê Thị Anh Tú , Phan Trung Trực , Mai Thị Mỹ Lanh
Published: February 2025

Nghiên cứu tuyển chọn các chủng nấm Trichoderma có khả năng chịu nhiệt và phân giải cellulose tại Lâm Đồng có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong việc lựa chọn chủng nấm Trichoderma tại địa phương có các đặc tính ưu việt, từ đó ứng dụng hiệu quả vào quá trình xử lý các phế phụ phẩm tại tỉnh Lâm Đồng và ứng phó với tình hình nóng lên toàn cầu như hiện nay. Từ 50 mẫu thu thập từ các đống ủ phế phụ phẩm và đất canh tác tại tỉnh Lâm Đồng, chúng tôi đã tuyển chọn được 03 chủng nấm có khả năng phân giải cellulose lần lượt là TDD2.2 có đường kính phân giải cellulose đạt 21,1mm; chủng TDT1.3 đạt 21,9mm; chủng TLD1.2 đạt 16,1mm, cả 03 chủng nấm này đều có khả năng chịu được nhiệt độ cao, lên đến 55℃ và hoạt tính enzyme cellulase hoạt động ổn định ở nhiệt độ từ 40 - 45℃. Dựa trên kết quả phân tích các trình tự gen ITS và so sánh với các trình tự tham chiếu trên Genbank, chủng nấm TDD2.2 đã được xác định thuộc loài Trichoderma afroharzianum, TDT1.3 thuộc loài T. longibrachiatum và TLD1.2 thuộc loài T. harzianum. Đây là những chủng nấm Trichoderma có tiềm năng để xử lý phế phụ phẩm nông nghiệp và thích nghi mạnh mẽ với tình hình biến đổi khí hậu hiện nay.
NGHIÊN CỨU KỸ THUẬT NHÂN GIỐNG HỮU TÍNH CÂY GỤ LAU (Sindora tonkinensis a. Chev. Ex K. & S.S. Larsen)
Authors: Nguyễn Hải Thành , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Nga , Nguyễn Thị Kim Vui , Lê Minh Phương , Vũ Đức Bình , Lê Xuân Toàn
Published: February 2025

Gụ lau là cây bản địa gỗ lớn có giá trị sử dụng làm đồ trang trí nội thất và đồ gia dụng. Bài báo này giới thiệu kết quả nghiên cứu nhân giống hữu tính cây Gụ lau làm cơ sở cho việc hướng dẫn kỹ thuật từ xử lý hạt giống, kỹ thuật gieo hạt, thành phần ruột bầu cho đến quy trình chăm sóc cây con tại vườn ươm. Kết quả nghiên cứu kỹ thuật nhân giống cây Gụ lau từ hạt cho thấy công thức mài một phần vỏ hạt, ngâm trong nước ấm 550C trong thời gian 12 giờ cho tỷ lệ nảy mầm cao nhất đạt 94%. Thời điểm cấy cây có ảnh hưởng đến tỷ lệ sống và sinh trưởng của cây con Gụ lau ở vườn ươm (sig <0,05). Hạt sau khi gieo khoảng 25 ngày, cây con đã ra 2 lá mầm và chiều cao đạt từ 5 - 7cm, tiến hành cấy cây vào bầu cho tỷ lệ sống cao nhất đạt 86% sau 12 tháng. Thành phần ruột bầu đã ảnh hưởng đến tỷ lệ sống, sinh trưởng đường kính gốc và chiều cao vút ngọn của cây Gụ lau ở giai đoạn 6 - 12 tháng tuổi. Sau 12 tháng gieo ươm, thành phần hỗn hợp ruột bầu bao gồm 89% đất mặt + 10% phân chuồng + 1% NPK (5:10:3) là công thức tốt nhất với tỷ lệ sống cao nhất (91,3%) chiều cao trung bình sau 12 tháng gieo ươm đạt 77,1cm và đường kính gốc trung bình đạt 7,9cm. Tưới thúc có ảnh hưởng rõ rệt đến sinh trưởng về đường kính gốc, chiều cao vút ngọn của cây con Gụ lau ở giai đoạn vườn ươm. Với thời gian nuôi cây trong vườn là 12 tháng, tưới thúc 3 lần cho sinh trưởng của cây con tốt nhất với đường kính gốc trung bình đạt 8,3mm và chiều cao vút ngọn 87,2cm.
"I See You And I Value You": Embracing Authenticity to Build Inclusive Cultures
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: February 2025

The article explores how embracing authenticity can help build truly inclusive organizational cultures. Authentic leadership centers on building trust and connection through mutual understanding and empathy, creating environments where people feel psychologically safe, diverse perspectives are respected, and mistakes are seen as learning opportunities. Bringing our authentic selves to work involves acknowledging each person's whole, complex humanity through storytelling that fosters empathy and appreciation of shared hopes and diverse experiences. Authentic leaders shape supportive environments through flexible, empathetic policies that signal people's humanity is valued holistically. Approaching diversity, equity, and inclusion with humility, acknowledging blind spots, and openly addressing past harms builds trust and demonstrates commitment to ongoing learning and improvement. An authentic, inclusive approach embraces each person's unique humanity as an asset for organizational well-being.
Introducción a la termodinámica de equilibrio de fases
Authors: Palacios Rosas Adriana , Ríos Casas Luis Gabriel , Paredes Quintero Anali , Arregui González Arantzazu
Published: February 2025

Introducción a la termodinámica de equilibrio de fases es un compendio de teoría y ejercicios que describen la termodinámica aplicada en la industria química. La esencia de esta obra no solo está en su contenido, sino también en sus detalles. Buscamos proveer a los estudiantes de las herramientas que necesitan para aprovechar todos los recursos presentes en el libro. A lo largo de la obra se indica la teoría y el procedimiento de resolución de ejercicios, y en los anexos se proporciona información adicional acerca de cómo utilizar herramientas tecnológicas en la resolución de problemas ingenieriles.Tomando en consideración las distintas necesidades de los estudiantes en sus procesos de aprendizaje, se implementan distintos métodos descriptivos para la resolución de los problemas. Se emplean recursos visuales —como diagramas, tablas y figuras— que proporcionan información relevante para la comprensión del problema. Por otra parte, se indican a detalle los pasos necesarios de la solución, describiendo la información teórica, soluciones matemáticas y pensamientos lógicos requeridos para resolver los problemas.
Pendidikan Inklusif dalam Al-Qur’an: Membangun Kecerdasan Interpersonal Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Maki Zaini
Published: February 2025

Inclusive education aims to ensure that all children, including people with disabilities, receive a proper education in formal schools. However, challenges often arise if parents and teachers do not understand the needs of children with disabilities. This article examines the Qur'an's view of inclusive education and how its principles can help build the interpersonal intelligence of people with disabilities. With  the tafsîr maudu'î ala al-Farmawi method, this study found that the Qur'an emphasizes the importance of diversity and mutual respect. The concepts of spiritual, emotional, and social intelligence in the Qur'an support the development of positive and inclusive interactions. The Qur'an teaches that glory in the sight of Allah is determined by obedience and attitude, not physical aspects. Principles such as brotherhood (ukhuwwah), compassion (shilah al-rahim), good communication (qaulan sadîd?), and forgiveness (al-'afw) play a role in creating an inclusive educational environment. This research shows how the application of these principles can improve the understanding and integration of people with disabilities in education, as well as promote a more empathetic and supportive environment.
Peran dan Dampak Penerapan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Basyari Zen Anwar Saeful , Marwiji Muh. Hasan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to explore the role and impact of the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in Islamic religious education, particularly in improving the learning process and learner engagement. Along with the rapid development of ICT, the importance of ICT integration in Islamic religious education is increasing. The method used is library research with a qualitative approach, where data is obtained from various scientific literature and relevant academic references. The results show that the application of ICT provides significant benefits, such as increased learning interactivity and wider accessibility of materials. However, challenges are also faced, especially related to the ethical use of ICT and the compatibility of its application with the principles of Islamic law. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of developing an Islamic religious education curriculum that integrates ICT in a balanced manner, taking into account religious values. The integration of ICT in Islamic religious education needs to be accompanied by appropriate supervision in order to maximize its effectiveness.
Optimizando la respuesta cicatricial en cirugía refractiva de superficie con colirio de aloe vera
Authors: Muravchik Jorge Luis , Muravchik Jorge
Published: February 2025

Objetivos: Mediante un estudio piloto evaluar la utilidad de un colirio de aloe vera al 30% en el postoperatorio de LASEK.
Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio a doble ciego y placebo controlado en 32 pacientes (64 ojos), a quienes se les realizó LASEK bilateral. Un ojo recibió colirio de aloe vera y el otro, solución fisiológica. Los parámetros principales a evaluar fueron la agudeza visual en décimas, la calidad del epitelio corneal, grado de confort y presencia o ausencia de opacidad corneal. La evaluación se realizó con escalas originales y de forma subjetiva a las 24 y 96 horas y a los 30, 90 y 180 días.
Resultados: A las 96 horas el promedio de la AV fue de 6,4 y 6,6 décimas en el grupo tratamiento y control, respectivamente; y fue de 9,7 décimas a los 180 días en ambos grupos. El 44% y el 22% de ojos del grupo tratamiento y control, respectivamente, no tuvo molestias las primeras 24 horas; el confort fue siempre superior en el grupo tratamiento aunque sin relevancia estadística (p= 0.37). A las 96 horas la calidad del epitelio fue “buena o muy buena” en el 100% de los ojos tratados y en 94% del grupo control. El 4% (grupo tratamiento) y el 11% (grupo control) presentaron haze leve a los 90 días, detectado en la región periférica de la córnea, en ablaciones hipermetrópicas, sin repercusión clínica.
Conclusión: El uso del colirio de aloe vera al 30% ha resultado de utilidad en el postoperatorio de la fotocirugía de la córnea, lo que justifica realizar más estudios que puedan confirmarlo.
Evaluación de la retina en pacientes con maculopatía secundaria a eclipse solar
Authors: Franco Melina , Ortega Carlos , Timón Adrián , Lizarraga Reque Denisse , Rodríguez Agustín
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Se presenta un estudio donde se evaluaron las retinas de pacientes que tuvieron afectada su visión luego de haber observado el eclipse solar sin protección alguna.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de una serie de casos que incluía pacientes que tuvieron diagnóstico clínico y por tomografía de coherencia óptica de maculopatía solar secundaria al eclipse acontecido en diciembre del año 2020 en la Argentina. Se evaluó en cada paciente: agudeza visual, fondo de ojos y OCT y se realizaron controles mensuales durante 3 meses.
Resultados: Se encontraron 3 pacientes de entre 16 y 22 años con síntomas visuales luego de haber observado por un lapso de segundos a un minuto el evento solar sin la protección ocular adecuada. En todos los afectados se observó anomalía inicial y una restauración final completa de la zona elipsoide de la retina entre 1 y 3 meses luego del hecho. La agudeza visual inicial se afectó en uno de los 3 pacientes, pero se recuperó completamente a los 3 meses. En ningún caso se realizó tratamiento.
Conclusiones: En la serie de casos estudiada todos los pacientes que habían referido una alteración visual secundaria al eclipse de diciembre de 2020 tuvieron una alteración estructural de la retina en el área macular, en la zona elipsoide, con una evolución satisfactoria posterior durante el primer trimestre.
Desprendimiento de retina seroso con resolución quirúrgica
Authors: Filizzola Giunta Francisco Agustín , Franco Troilo Lucía , Leguía Mercedes , Rosendi Ezequiel
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados de un caso de desprendimiento de retina seroso bilateral secundario a corticoides tratado por medio de vitrectomía por pars plana.
Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 56 años con antecedentes de trasplante de médula ósea y en tratamiento con corticoides, que intercurre con un desprendimiento de retina seroso bilateral con gran exudación fibrosa. Se interpretó el caso como coroidopatía serosa central atípica secundaria a los corticoides. Frente al empeoramiento del cuadro y a la imposibilidad de suspender la medicación corticoidea de manera inmediata debido a su enfermedad de base, se le realizó una vitrectomía por pars plana con taponaje con C3F8 y drenado del contenido subretinal. Se obtuvieron buenos resultados visuales con la aplicación de la retina.
Conclusión: La vitrectomía por pars plana precoz es un abordaje terapéutico válido para desprendimientos serosos con gran cantidad de líquido subretinal.
Cambios del fondo de ojo en miopía moderada del adulto
Authors: Iribarren Rafael , Galán María Marta , Rozema Jos
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Mostrar un caso de miopía moderada de inicio en la vida adulta que desarrolló maculopatía miópica en ambos ojos. Este informe muestra que una persona con miopía moderada aún puede desarrollar maculopatía miópica debido a una combinación de una longitud axial larga y un cristalino de baja potencia que produce una refracción miópica inferior a la esperada para dicho largo axial.
Informe del caso: Hombre de 67 años acudió por primera vez en busca de un examen visual en 2021 con miopía moderada. Informó que tenía buena visión de lejos y de cerca en su juventud, pero luego, a los 30 años, comenzó a tener problemas de visión de lejos. Inicialmente se le prescribió un astigmatismo bajo para su ojo derecho, pero su visión de lejos se degradó lentamente hasta el punto en que necesitaba anteojos de mayor potencia a medida que pasaban los años. Su error refractivo en 2021 fue de -3,25 D, -2,00 D a 90° (OD) y -3,25 D (OS) con una agudeza visual mejor corregida de 20/30 (OD) y 20/20 (OS). Su biometría ocular mostró un ojo más largo de lo habitual con una córnea casi normal y un cristalino de bajo poder. En ambos ojos, el fondo de ojo mostraba degeneraciones miópicas típicas, principalmente atrofia peripapilar. La exploración tras dilatación pupilar mostró opacidad nuclear leve grado 1 (LOCS III) bilateral sin opacidades corticales ni subcapsulares.
Conclusiones: Este sujeto con miopía moderada de inicio en la edad adulta probablemente desarrolló maculopatía miópica porque su ojo era más largo de lo normal durante la emetropización debido a un cristalino de baja potencia.
Knowledge translation research priorities: an evidence synthesis
Authors: Oliver Kathryn
Published: February 2025

Background

Although researchers, funders and decision-makers share an interest in maximising value from funded research, there is no clear consensus about the ways in which research can most effectively lead to societal impact. This is in part a failure of research into evidence use which is frequently repetitive and wasteful. As interest in more effective and targeted funding for knowledge translation grows, the WHO is leading timely work to assess this evidence base and to assess the priority areas for future research funding.

Methods

In this report, a synthesis of existing KT research agendas is undertaken, using a systematic search to identify studies published since 2014 which used a clear prioritisation method to identify research topics about knowledge translation. Included studies (n = 45) were described in terms of focus, discipline, prioritisation method, and KT research priorities.

Findings

Included studies reported both research priorities, and KT strategic priorities, i.e. areas where more KT activity was felt to be necessary. Overall, the most frequently reported priority was evaluation of KT strategies, with gaps around organisational capacity, leadership and actors identified at all levels. There also seem to be pockets of rich learning about working in different contexts and with different types of KT activities. Several of the reviews identified in this report present systematic assessments of different KT interventions, identifying gaps and clear conclusions. These lessons need to be more effectively mobilised across disciplinary and policy domains.

Conclusions

Overall, the frequency of abstract, high-level topics, often on areas where a significant amount is already known indicates two things: (1) that the KT field needs to work much harder to communicate what we do, and do not know, and to practice what we preach in terms of learning from other stakeholders including researchers from other disciplines, and (2), that further prioritisation is both possible and necessary.
Evidence Intermediary Organisations: ﻿Moving beyond a definitional morass
Authors: Breckon Jonathan , Boaz Annette
Published: February 2025

There has been a remarkable growth in evidence intermediaries bridging research with policy and practice. A recent report found there are over 300 institutions in 31 countries focused on bridging research with policy. Yet the 2022 Global Commission on Evidence called for more intermediaries to ‘fill the gaps left by the government’.

Our report is a review of the literature and takes into account a series of seminars we organised. It also brings Transforming Evidence's experience from over three decades of providing leadership and advice for over 20 different evidence intermediary organisations and networks in Australia, Canada, France, UK and US. We include our knowledge of every stage of the lifecycle of an evidence intermediary body, including scoping, commissioning, leading, advising, sustaining, researching, and evaluating new, existing, or closed organisations.
A multi-modal medical image fusion framework based on two-scale decomposition and saliency detection
Authors: Kaur Harmanpreet , Vig Renu , Kumar Naresh
Published: February 2025

Due to imaging sensors' constraints, it is difficult to acquire a medical image that subsequently incorporates functional metabolic data and anatomical tissue characteristics. An important tool to aid in diagnostic procedures and intra-operative management is multimodal medical image fusion, an efficient method to combine the supplemental information gathered from numerous modalities. This research proposes a unique fusion approach for multimodal medical images that makes use of mean filter and maximum symmetric surround saliency detection. First, the images to be fused are decomposed into base layer and a series of detail layers via mean filter. While the guided filtering based fusion rule is used to merge the detail layers, for the fusion of base layer, a linear summation is employed. The fused base and detail images are subsequently combined to construct the final fused image. The proposed medical image fusion method performed more effectively than existing cutting-edge approaches in the context of both visual appearance and quantitative assessment, according to careful evaluation on a widely used database. The proposed method overcomes the challenge of cutting-edge image fusion methods in maintaining substantial edges and energy information on multi-modal medical images.
Psikolojik Açıdan Din Dindarlık ve Ahlaki Olgunluk
Authors: Koçak Ali
Published: February 2025

Religion, Religiosity, and Moral Maturity: A Psychological PerspectivernThe shared focus on human beings in both religion and morality establishes an intrinsic relationship between these two value systems. Nevertheless, this relationship does not always manifest clearly in behaviors. While numerous religions promote ethical values, such as compassion, honesty, and justice, the daily behaviors of adherents can differ markedly. This discrepancy prompts critical inquiries into the essence of morality and the role of religious beliefs in shaping moral conduct. There is a clear necessity for empirical research within psychological literature that examines various dimensions of the connection between religiosity and moral development. This book seeks to enhance this body of literature by exploring the association between moral maturity and religiosity while considering a multitude of factors that may affect this relationship. The research indicates that individuals with higher levels of religiosity typically exhibit greater moral maturity and tend to reject a moral framework that exists independently of religious influence. This suggests that religiosity serves as a significant motivational force in the journey of moral development, with the beliefs of religious individuals playing a crucial role in their ethical decision-making processes. Based on these findings, it is possible to characterize religiosity as a strong source of motivation for moral maturation; however, it is also important to emphasize that this potential is contingent upon certain conditions. Additionally, moral development can arise from secular sources, including ethical philosophies, cultural standards, and personal experiences, which can all contribute to an individual’s moral growth to varying extents. Consequently, any thorough evaluation of the relationship between moral maturity and religiosity must consider these alternative influences. Given these insights, future empirical investigations should adopt diverse perspectives and methodologies for further exploration.rnKeywords: Psychology of religion, moral psychology, religiosity, moral maturity, conscience.
İspanyol Engizisyonu ve Torquemada
Authors: Gülümser Ahmet
Published: February 2025

The Spanish Inquisition and TorquemadarnThe institution of the Inquisition, which was first established in the Middle Ages and became a symbol of cruelty and violence, has been much more effective in Spain than elsewhere. Undoubtedly, the influence of the morisco and marrano populations, which were present in the country in considerable numbers, cannot be denied. With the completion of the Reconquista, these two elements became undesirable in the country and were asked to convert by force. Those who did not fulfill this demand were subjected to various persecutions. The Spanish Inquisition differed from other inquisitions in terms of its foundation and the mission it undertook, and took on a completely different identity, especially with Torquemada, who became famous with the nickname “Gran Inquisidor” (the great inquisitor). Torquemada gave the Spanish Inquisition its golden age and as a result, the kingdom was cleansed of moriscos, marranos and many other heretical elements and “religious unity” was achieved. This study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the Spanish Inquisition of the Torquemada period (1483-1498), exploring in depth the religious, social and political impact of this process. The research is based on written sources, academic studies and historical documents from the period, using historical analysis and qualitative methods. The scope of the study includes the implementation of the Inquisition, its methods, the communities it targeted, and the effects of this process on Spanish society. The sources have been carefully selected from reliable and authoritative documents of the period and evaluated to provide information from various perspectives. This holistic approach seeks to understand the history and impact of the Inquisition from the past to the present, and thus to understand the repercussions of this historical event on the modern world.rnKeywords: Torquemada; Inquisition; Spanish Inquisition; Converso, Morisco; Marrano
Robots in education
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Sukhpreet Singh
Published: February 2025

The integration of robots into educational settings has significantly transformed traditional learning environments, fostered deeper engagement and understood through interactive, hands-on experiences. This chapter delves into the dynamic role of robotics in modern education, offering an in-depth exploration of its applications, benefits, challenges, and future potential. Robotics in education is revolutionizing learning, from K-12 classrooms to higher education institutions and specialized vocational training programs, with robots supporting diverse fields such as mathematics, science, language acquisition, and social skills development. Educational robots, robot-assisted learning platforms, and autonomous systems are among the cutting-edge tools that are enhancing learning experiences. These technologies cater to various learning needs by providing personalized, adaptive learning environments that address students' individual strengths and weaknesses. The chapter examines the potential of robotics to bridge gaps in accessibility, particularly for students with special needs or disabilities, allowing for more inclusive education. Furthermore, the impact of robots on both teacher and student roles is analysed, considering the challenges and opportunities this technology brings, such as the need for teacher training, ethical concerns, and the implications of automation in educational settings. The future of robotics in education is further explored, focusing on how emerging technologies, including AI and machine learning, will enhance the capabilities of educational robots. As we move towards an increasingly automated world, it is crucial to understand how robotics can prepare students for the evolving job market and provide them with the skills required for future challenges. This chapter offers a comprehensive framework for understanding the integration of robots into education and highlights the critical role they play in shaping the future of teaching and learning.
Quantum Mechanical Transport Properties of Hard Convex Fluid
Authors: Akhouri Binay Prakash
Published: February 2025

ard Convex Body models have been proven useful in several areas in chemical physics. The geometric properties of convex bodies made it possible for one to perform analytical calculation of reaction rates, transport coefficients and contact radial distribution function. We are performing the calculations of transport coefficient (viscosity). Isotropic symmetric and orientational correlations for hard-convex bodies exhibit simpler behaviour in the surface to surface than in the more customary centre to centre coordinate representation. For the hard convex bodies, the isotropic symmetric part behaves much like that of a hard sphere fluid. It is the support function h(x) which defines the analytical properties of hard-convex bodies. The intermolecular potential field has been pro- posed in terms of support function. The constant parameters, phase, and cross-section for ratio of major and minor axis of HCB model for helium molecules have been calculated in terms of this potential. These results have been used for knowing the co-effcient of viscosity of helium.
Abdelkrim Berchid: Festive Theatre and the Post-Colonial Condition
Authors: Hinda Abdeladim
Published: February 2025

This essay highlights the reasons that pushed Arab theatre harbingers to think of a theatrical theory in light of which they could express themselves without feeling trapped in Eurocentric histrionic patterns. It also examines Abdelkrim Berchid’s keen interest in theorization and elucidates Festivity’s athletics and poetics of difference. The essay celebrates Berchid as an iconic figure in modern dramaturgy in post-colonial Morocco, but at the same time takes issue with his festive Occidentalism which is informed by a certain will or intention to dominate, control, even to incorporate, what is apparently a different (or alternative and novel) world as a result of borrowing the Orientalist system of representation and politics of dominance. It is within this conjunction that festive Occidentalism is defined as an Arab- Muslim style for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over Western theatre–or more precisely over Epicization—which is almost a festive invention. It is created–or, as we would like to call it– ‘Occidentalized.’ In other words, Epicization exists in festive discourses as an invention, a creation, a representation, thus, a misrepresentation. Hence, our definition of festive Occidentalism as a style of thought reposed upon ontological and epistemological difference(s) invented between two theatres, the Western and the Festive. In this sense, Occidentalism reposed on centrism is the inspiring ideology of Festivity.
Genetic control of plant morphogenesis in in vitro culture
Authors: Dubrovna O. V. , Mykhalska S. I. , Komisarenko A. H.
Published: February 2025

Plant morphogenesis is the result of complex interactions of genetic, epigenetic and hormonal factors that determine the development of cells and tissues in in vitro culture. In recent decades, basic research has greatly advanced the understanding of the genetic mechanisms that control key processes of morphogenesis, such as callusogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, and de novo organogenesis. It was found that certain structural and regulatory genes play a crucial role in reprogramming cells to a totipotent state, where they are able to form various morphological structures. Hormones, such as auxins and cytokinins, contribute to the induction of these processes by changing the expression of genes responsible for division, differentiation and other aspects of morphogenesis. The literature review presents modern ideas on genetic control of morphogenesis in plant culture in vitro. A wide range of key genes that determine callus formation is given; participate in somatic embryogenesis and enhancement of the somatic embryogenic response; involved in the ectopic formation of somatic embryos or meristems; control de novo organogenesis and participate in hormone signal transduction. The interaction of various transcription factors, which participate in the induction of morphogenesis and are involved in the signaling pathway of hormones, is shown.
Brief notes on the work of the Ukrainian society of genetics and breeders named after M.I. Vavilov during 2018-2024 (to the XI congress of VSGBU)
Authors: Kunakh V. A.
Published: February 2025

The scientific and organizational work of the Ukrainian Society of Geneticists and Breeders named after M.I. Vavilov (UTGS) during the period 2018-2024 is briefly reviewed. The main attention is paid to the analysis of scientific conferences held by the Society after the 10th Congress and publications in the Society's publications - the collection of scientific works "Factors of experimental evolution of organisms" and "Bulletin of the Ukrainian Society of Geneticists and Breeders".
Assessment of Home-Based Factors Contributing to Church Absenteeism in Methodist Churches of Kenya in Nyambene Synod, Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Kithure Gerald , Ngige John , Kithinji Julius
Published: February 2025

Regular church attendance is often an indicator of Christians’ commitment and faith in God. It follows then that absenteeism undermines both the Christian faith and the ability of the church to meet ministry goals. The objectives of this study were to assess the home-based factors that contribute to church absenteeism in Methodist Churches of Kenya in Nyambene Synod, Meru County, Kenya.  The study was guided by secularization theory under postmodernism philosophy which maintains that as science and technology continue to shape the world social changes in power and class structure tend to persist in similar forms as well (Heywood 2012). A descriptive survey research design was employed for this study, with a sample of 379 respondents selected through simple random sampling. The target population comprised of 28,015 men, women and youth church members taken from 177 congregations in Methodist Church in Kenya, Nyambene Synod. Data was collected using documentation and two questionnaires; one for the youth, and the other for adult members. A pilot study with a sample of 38 respondents was conducted in Miathene Synod. Analysis was done using SPSS (Version 25). The study concluded that poor family background, lack of monies to give out during fundraisers, unfriendly relationships between youth and parents, and lack of parental guidance greatly contributed to church absenteeism. The reasons for absenteeism can be addressed by church leaders through frequent pastoral visits to the absentee members, conducting youth and adult’s seminars or fellowship to discuss the importance of attending church services, and encouraging church leadership to look for other means of income to avoid victimization of the poor families during church fundraisers. The church leadership can also reach out to the absentee members through the cell group leaders and group fellowships such as women, youth and men fellowships
Effect of Monitoring Teachers’ Records on Teachers’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Turkana Central Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Lomudang Thomas Esinyen , Kithinji Winfred , Gitonga Monicah
Published: February 2025

The goal of this study was to establish the effect of monitoring of teachers’ records on teachers’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Turkana Central Sub-County, Kenya. The research employed mixed procedures of qualitative and quantitative techniques. The target population for the study was 8 principals, 48 Heads of Departments (HODs), and one Sub-County Quality Assurance and Standards Officer (QASO). Thus, the total population for the study was 57 respondents. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23.0 was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that professional records were monitored monthly by the respective principals. The frequency of monitoring teachers’ professional documents was not enough and weekly monitoring was preferred. The findings further indicated that schemes of work and lesson plans were not frequently updated due to factors such as poor monitoring and too much workload. The study recommended that more training be conducted with on monitoring and evaluation of academic records and processes; that there be delegation of monitoring assignments to other teachers such as deputy principals; and that all the monitoring documentation be regularly updated on weekly basis, with particular emphasis on schemes of work and lesson plans.
Technology Responsive Measures Adopted by University Libraries in Meru County, Kenya in Addressing Disruptive Forces
Authors: Gitonga Faith Ntinyari , Gichohi Paul Maku , Gichoya David
Published: February 2025

Commission of University Education guidelines demand university libraries to be responsive to the changing by modernizing infrastructure and technology. However, the university libraries are dealing with emergent changes in the information provision using outdated methods, and are either slow or unable to respond to the current user information needs and behaviors. The purpose of the study was to determine the technology responsive measures adopted by university libraries in Meru County. The study used qualitative approach and employed a survey research design. The target population was the senior library staff in Kenya Methodist University and Meru University of Science and Technology university libraries. The respondents comprised of 13 heads of library sections who were sampled using purposive method. This study conducted Focus Group Discussions for library heads of sections in each university library under investigation. Additionally, the study also conducted an analysis on documents such as university library annual reports, university procurement plan, policy frameworks, subscription details and library strategic plan. Data collected was purely qualitative and was analyzed using content analysis and thematic categorization. The findings revealed that university libraries have adopted several technology-based measures such as remote access software, my loft software, anti-plagiarism software such as Turnitin, e-resources such as e-Books and e-journals, and social media platforms such as WhatsApp, to ease communication. Therefore, the study concluded that libraries had implemented some measures in responding to technology-related changes. The libraries were also using several measures to ensure long-term availability of digital content through institution repositories, and to promote good working relationship with the IT people. The study recommends that library management fosters development of own solutions to library problems, such as how to deal with artificial intelligence and emerging the technologies.
Effect of knowledge sharing on academic performance of postgraduate students of private Universities in Kenya
Authors: Onditi Walter Ouma , Nzioki Susan , Murithi Simon
Published: February 2025

Knowledge Management (KM) practices have been used across the globe to measure organization performance. However, gaps still exist on the effects of knowledge sharing (KS) on academic performance of students in institutions of higher learning. Based on Human Capital Theory, the study attempted to bridge this information gap by assessing the effect of KS on academic performance of postgraduate students of private universities in Kenya. Descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used. A sample of 370 respondents was drawn from a population of 12,919 postgraduate students and faculty/department heads. Stratified random sampling technique was used to obtain the sample. The findings indicated a 27.8% variation in postgraduate academic performance; KS had a strong significant and positive correlation (r=0.485, p<0.001), and significant partial factor effect (β = 0.455, p=0.000) on postgraduate academic performance in private universities. The conclusion was that KS had significant effect on postgraduate academic performance in private universities, Kenya. The study recommended management and leadership of private universities to strengthen KS application and methodologies as a measure to enhance academic performance. It also recommended that similar efforts be extended to public universities so as to ensure comprehensive contribution of KS to learning outcomes in the Kenyan education sector.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Non-Technical Approach to Cyber Security Management for NLIMS System in the Ministry of Lands and Physical Planning, in Kenya
Authors: Chebbe Gabriel , Mkhganga Edwin , Murungi Robert Mutua , Muriira Lawrence Mwenda , Ndambuki Patricia Kavuli
Published: February 2025

The study determined whether NLIMS has adequately addressed the social aspect of their information security system. The study was conducted at Ministry of Land and Physical Planning Headquarters in Nairobi. The study adopted descriptive research design, and utilized stratified sampling technique to select respondents. Close-ended questionnaires were used to collect quantitative on social engineering cyber threats. Results indicated that 70% of staff using NLIMS system lack knowledge about social engineering attacks, their conduct, weaknesses, and the skills necessary to prevent or stop cyber threats. The findings further indicated that the 70% of Ministry of Lands’ staff use insecure methods to dispose waste that may contain information that could be used to launch an attack. This lack of attention to secure waste disposal puts NLIMS at risk of accessing sensitive information through dumb star diving. Unauthorized personnel can easily access information on staff computers or working desks through shoulder surfing. Workstation privacy is compromised by workstation resource sharing policies, allowing malicious staff to exploit them. Over 60% of staff lack proper social engineering awareness. Further, lower rank staff accesses information they are not authorized to access through the workstation resource sharing policy. The non-technical aspect of information security at KMLPP towards NLIMS has weaknesses, impairing the overall effectiveness of the security. This study establishes, as a key take away, that despite global awareness, less attention is given to the social aspect of cyber security despite being labelled the major weakness in any information security system. The study concludes that holistic approach, technical and non-technical aspects in KMLPP's use of secure waste disposal methods, such as shredding and burning, is essential for effective management of non-technical vulnerabilities. This study recommends that KMLPP on NLIMS should pay more attention to workstation privacy, secure waste disposal and educating staff on cyber security awareness.
Influence of Industrial Engagement on Development of Employability skills of TVET Graduates in Meru County
Authors: Mutembei Lucy Ndumba , Kibaara Tarsilla , Gichohi Paul Maku
Published: February 2025

Development of employability skills among TVET graduates increases their employability. However, despite reforms in TVET education in Kenya, Meru County continue to grapple with high unemployment rates among TVET graduates due to skills gap. This research aimed to establish the influence of industrial engagement on development of employability skills of TVET graduates in Meru County, Kenya. The Knight and Yorke Theory of Employability and Human Capital Theory informed the study. A sample size of 6 TVET institutions, 142 TVET trainees, 12 trainers, 72 graduates, 12 HoDs, and 6 Principals and 5 Key Informants were selected for this study. Simple random sampling, census sampling, purposive sampling, stratified sampling and referral sampling techniques were used to select participants. The study adopted a mixed-research approach, and used convergent parallel research design. Questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect data. The quality of data collection tools was assured by checking their validity and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to quantitative data and themes were generated from qualitative data. The study established a significant relationship between industrial engagement and development of employability skills. The study underscores the need for TVETs to strengthen partnerships with industries to enhance development of employability skills. The study concluded that there exists a skill mismatch in TVET graduates. The study recommended TVETs in Meru County, and Kenya at large, to embrace dual apprenticeship system which integrates school-based and work-based learning. The study further recommended TVET institutions to have elaborate connections and partnerships with industries in order ease the burden of looking for attachments, internships and apprenticeship by trainees
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Continuous Professional Development in Clinical Practice among Nurses and Midwives in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Roselyne Akinyi , Gitonga Lucy Kawira , Marwa Immaculate Nyaseba
Published: February 2025

The global Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is 223 per 100,000 live births, with hemorrhage being the leading cause of death. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the need for nurses and midwives is increasing. Incidentally, only 3.5% of the world's health staff are accountable for 27% of the disease burden. The depicted heavy workloads have largely contributed to poor participation in Continuous Professional Development activities among nurses and midwives. Meru County’s MMR burden, which exceeds the global MMR, remains a concern. However, the Nursing Council of Kenya stipulates a total of 20 CPD hours to be met annually for all nurses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CPD in clinical practice among nurses and midwives in Meru County. This study seeks to inform the public on the gaps in the uptake and implementation of CPD, and provide recommendations to improve its effectiveness. The study utilized both the qualitative and the quantitative techniques, and adopted Randomized Clinical Trial design. A sample of 78 nurses and midwives was obtained from a target population of 98. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and case studies, and analyzed using SPSS version 26, to derive descriptive statistics, while qualitative data was collected through interview schedule checklists and observation, and was analyzed thematically. Pearson’s chi square tested the relationship between knowledge and CPD uptake in clinical practice (p=0.00) at 95%CI. Paired t-test compared means within the control and intervention groups (t=1.000). Despite the provision and use of BEmONC guidelines, major gaps were observed in Active Management of Third stage of labour (17.9%) and also in completion of the patograph (mean=1.7). Despite the efforts to maintain competence levels in clinical practice, gaps pertaining to standardization still exist. The study recommended continuous training to bridge quality gaps and need in clinical practice among nurses and midwives