bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrence of Depression in Relation to History of Childhood Trauma and Hair Cortisol Concentration in a Community-Based Sample
Authors: Duncko Roman , Fischer Susanne , Hatch Stephani L. , Frissa Souci , Goodwin Laura , Papadopoulos Andrew , Cleare Anthony J. , Hotopf Matthew
Published: March 2019

Background: Childhood trauma represents a risk factor for developing depression with increased rates of recurrence. Mechanisms involved include a disturbed regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a measure of long-term HPA axis activity with less interference from circadian and confounding factors. However, no study has so far used HCC to investigate the role of childhood trauma in recurrent pattern of depressive symptoms. Methods: A community-based sample of 500 participants was recruited, and depression was assessed at 3 time points using the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was administered to identify a history of childhood trauma. Hair samples were obtained from 144 participants for analysis of cortisol. Results: Patients with recurrent depression had higher rates of childhood trauma compared to participants with no depression. Participants with current-only depression had increased HCC compared to the no depression group, while this was absent in participants with recurrent depression. Within the depressed group (both current-only and recurrent depression), those with a history of childhood physical abuse had lower HCC when compared to those with no such history. Conclusions: Our findings show that retrospectively reported childhood trauma is associated with protracted trajectories of depression and a distinct pattern of long-term HPA axis activity.
Endothelial SIRT6 Is Vital to Prevent Hypertension and Associated Cardiorenal Injury Through Targeting Nkx3.2-GATA5 Signaling
Authors: Guo Jian , Wang Ziying , Wu Jichao , Liu Min , Li Mengmeng , Sun Yu , Huang Wei , Li Yujia , Zhang Yan , Tang Wei , Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Chun , Hong Fanzhen , Li Ningjun , Nie Jing , Yi Fan
Published: March 2019

Rationale:

Endothelial dysfunction is an important determinant risk factor for the development of hypertension and its complications. Thus, identification of potential therapeutic targets for preventing endothelial dysfunction has major clinical importance. Emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic modifications are closely associated with the regulation of endothelial function. Among them, HDAC (histone deacetylase)-mediated epigenetic processes in vascular homeostasis and cardiovascular disease have attracted much attention. SIRT6 (sirtuin 6) is one member of SIRTs (class III HDAC) that are highly conserved NAD
+
-dependent deacetylases.

Objective:

This study was designed to elucidate the role of SIRT6 in the pathogenesis of hypertension, discover the new targets of SIRT6, and explore related mechanisms on the regulation of endothelial function.

Methods and Results:

The levels of endothelial SIRT6 were significantly reduced in 2 independent hypertension models: desoxycorticosterone acetate/salt–induced and Ang II (angiotensin II)–induced hypertensive mice. Utilizing genetically engineered endothelial-specific SIRT6 knockout (Cre
+
/SIRT6
fl/fl
) mice, we found that endothelial-specific deletion of SIRT6 significantly enhanced blood pressure, exacerbated endothelial dysfunction and cardiorenal injury in experimental hypertension. Functionally, SIRT6 has pleiotropic protective actions in endothelial cells, which include promoting endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and vascular NO bioavailability, reducing cellular permeability, ameliorating endothelial senescence and apoptosis, and facilitating autophagy. Mechanistically, SIRT6 induced the expression of GATA5 (GATA-binding protein 5), a novel regulator of blood pressure, through inhibiting Nkx3.2 (NK3 homeobox 2) transcription by deacetylating histone H3K9 (histone H3 lysine 9), thereby regulating GATA5-mediated signaling pathways to prevent endothelial injury. Finally, we provide direct evidence for the therapeutic potential of SIRT6 in desoxycorticosterone acetate/salt–induced hypertensive mice by overexpression of SIRT6 in vivo.

Conclusions:

This study for the first time demonstrates that SIRT6 prevents hypertension and its complications by maintaining endothelial function. Pharmacological targeting of SIRT6 may be an innovative therapeutic strategy for treating patients with hypertension.
Germinal Center–Derived Antibodies Promote Atherosclerosis Plaque Size and Stability
Authors: Centa Monica , Jin Hong , Hofste Lisa , Hellberg Sanna , Busch Albert , Baumgartner Roland , Verzaal Nienke J. , Lind Enoksson Sara , Perisic Matic Ljubica , Boddul Sanjay V. , Atzler Dorothee , Li Daniel Y. , Sun Changyan , Hansson Göran K. , Ketelhuth Daniel F.J. , Hedin Ulf , Wermeling Fredrik , Lutgens Esther , Binder Christoph J. , Maegdesfessel Lars , Malin Stephen G.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Atherosclerosis progression is modulated by interactions with the adaptive immune system. Humoral immunity can help protect against atherosclerosis formation; however, the existence, origin, and function of putative atherogenic antibodies are controversial. How such atherosclerosis-promoting antibodies could affect the specific composition and stability of plaques, as well as the vasculature generally, remains unknown.

Methods:

We addressed the overall contribution of antibodies to atherosclerosis plaque formation, composition, and stability in vivo (1) with mice that displayed a general loss of antibodies, (2) with mice that had selectively ablated germinal center-derived IgG production, or (3) through interruption of T–B-cell interactions and further studied the effects of antibody deficiency on the aorta by transcriptomics.

Results:

Here, we demonstrate that atherosclerosis-prone mice with attenuated plasma cell function manifest reduced plaque burden, indicating that antibodies promote atherosclerotic lesion size. However, the composition of the plaque was altered in antibody-deficient mice, with an increase in lipid content and decreases in smooth muscle cells and macrophages, resulting in an experimentally validated vulnerable plaque phenotype. Furthermore, IgG antibodies enhanced smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro in an Fc receptor–dependent manner, and antibody-deficient mice had decreased neointimal hyperplasia formation in vivo. These IgG antibodies were shown to be derived from germinal centers, and mice genetically deficient for germinal center formation had strongly reduced atherosclerosis plaque formation. mRNA sequencing of aortas revealed that antibodies are required for the sufficient expression of multiple signal-induced and growth-promoting transcription factors and that aortas undergo large-scale metabolic reprograming in their absence. Using an elastase model, we demonstrated that absence of IgG results in an increased severity of aneurysm formation.

Conclusions:

We propose that germinal center–derived IgG antibodies promote the size and stability of atherosclerosis plaques, through promoting arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and maintaining the molecular identity of the aorta. These results could have implications for therapies that target B cells or B–T-cell interactions because the loss of humoral immunity leads to a smaller but less stable plaque phenotype.
Following Geri's Lead
Authors: Griffin Farah Jasmine
Published: March 2019

Drawn from a keynote delivered for Timeless Portraits and Dreams: A Festival in Honor of Geri Allen (Harvard University, February 16–17, 2018), this personal essay shares observations about Allen's intellectual and artistic leadership in diverse roles including bandleader, teacher, curator, and artistic visionary. In addition to discussions of Allen's music and recordings, this essay also focuses on her collaboration with the author and actor/director S. Epatha Merkerson, which resulted in two musical theater projects, Great Jazz Women of the Apollo (2013) and A Conversation with Mary Lou (2014).
Yusef Lateef's Autophysiopsychic Quest
Authors: Monson Ingrid
Published: March 2019

Yusef Lateef's neologism for jazz was autophysiopsychic, meaning “music from one's physical, mental and spiritual self.” Lateef condensed in this term a very considered conception linking the intellectual and the spiritual based in his faith as an Ahmadiyya Muslim and his lifelong commitment to both Western and non-Western intellectual explorations. Lateef's distinctive voice as an improviser is traced with respect to his autophysiopsychic exploration of world instruments including flutes, double reeds, and chordophones, and his friendship with John Coltrane. The two shared a love of spiritual exploration as well as the study of science, physics, symmetry, and mathematics. Lateef's ethnomusicological research on Hausa music in Nigeria, as well as his other writings and visual art, deepen our understanding of him as an artist-scholar who cleared the way for the presence of autophysiopsychic musicians in the academy.
New species and records of lichens from Bolivia
Authors: GUZOW-KRZEMIŃSKA BEATA , FLAKUS ADAM , KOSECKA MAGDALENA , JABŁOŃSKA AGNIESZKA , RODRIGUEZ-FLAKUS PAMELA , KUKWA MARTIN
Published: March 2019

Fuscidea multispora Flakus, Kukwa & Rodr. Flakus and Malmidea attenboroughii Kukwa, Guzow-Krzemińska, Kosecka, Jabłońska & Flakus are described as new to science based on morphological, chemical and molecular characters. Lepra subventosa var. hypothamnolica is genetically and chemically distinct from L. subventosa var. subventosa and a new name, Lepra pseudosubventosa Kukwa & Guzow-Krzemińska, is proposed due to the existence of Lepra hypothamnolica (Dibben) Lendemer & R.C. Harris. Pertusaria muricata, recently transferred to Lepra, is kept in the genus Pertusaria due to the highest similarity of ITS sequence with members of Pertusaria. The occurrence of Micarea hedlundii in the Southern Hemisphere is confirmed based on molecular evidence from Bolivian population. Lepra pseudosubventosa and Pertusaria muricata are reported as new to South America, and 20 taxa as new to Bolivia. Lepraria stephaniana, previously known only from the type locality, is reported from two more sites. An ascosporic state is reported for the first time for Lepra amaroides, as are new chemotypes. Molecular markers were used to place some sterile, sorediate crustose lichens in the family Graphidaceae. The phylogenetic positions of some sterile Malmidea specimens within Malmidaceae are also discussed.
Fidan, M. (2019) Bellevalia sasonii (Asparagaceae): a new species from Turkey. Phytotaxa 394 (2): 126–132.
Authors: FİDAN MEHMET
Published: March 2019

N/A
Redescription of Neanoplius Banks (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Authors: PITTS JAMES P. , SADLER EMILY A.
Published: March 2019

Neanoplius Banks, 1947 is a monotypic genus of Neotropical spider wasp. It has been ignored in taxonomic works since its description. We redescribe the genus and type species, provide illustrations, provide additional characters to help separate it from other closely related genera, and provide a discussion of probable evolutionary relationships of this interesting genus.
Chrysoclista karsholti, sp. n., from Turkey, and a new record of C. germanica from central Europe (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae: Parametriotinae)
Authors: ŠUMPICH JAN , JAROŠ JOSEF
Published: March 2019

Chrysoclista karsholti Šumpich, sp. n., is described from a single male collected in Turkey. This species most resembles C. germanica Šumpich & Huemer, 2016, but differs in the colouration of the dorsum of the forewing and in the shape of the valva in the male genitalia. Differences in the DNA barcode region between these two species are rather low compared to differences between other species of the genus. Chrysoclista germanica, previously known only from the holotype, is recorded from the Czech Republic for the first time. An updated checklist of western Palaearctic Chrysoclista Stainton, 1854 is provided.
Evolutionary significance of the retiolitine Gothograptus (Graptolithina) with four new species from the Silurian of the East European Platform (Baltica), Poland and Lithuania
Authors: KOZŁOWSKA ANNA , BATES DENIS , ZALASIEWICZ JAN , RADZEVIČIUS SIGITAS
Published: March 2019

Gothograptid retiolitines were distinctive in being one of the very few graptolite groups to thrive through the late Wenlock extinction event that killed off most graptoloid species, and their distinctive construction may have been a factor in this success amid environmental adversity. New and rich material from two localities in Poland and five localities in Lithuania contains Gothograptus nassa, Gothograptus obtectus and four new species. The detailed morphology and reconstruction of the tubarium shows its specific features, different from other lundgreni Biozone retiolitines. The tubarium is narrow, elongated, finite, massive and compact. The thecal orifices are hidden by simple hoods or by extraordinary reticulated veils, which may cover the ventral walls. The colonies of Gothograptus species from the lundgreni Biozone are short, usually having eight pairs of thecae, whereas species from the post-lundgreni interval may reach more than 20 pairs of thecae. A common feature of Gothograptus species is the presence of singular genicular structures tightly covering thecal orifices. Reticulated hoods and veils are characteristic of species from the lundgreni Biozone. The most common such structures are nassa hoods, located on the proximal thecae in some species from the lundgreni Biozone, and on every theca of post-lundgreni species. Only Gothograptus domeyki n. sp. has no genicular processes on most thecae. Within a total of four species from the lundgreni Biozone and three species from the nassa and praedeubeli Biozones, we describe here the new species Gothograptus domeyki and Gothograptus velo from the lundgreni Biozone, Gothograptus diminutus from the parvus/nassa Biozone, and Gothograptus auriculatus from the dubius/nassa and praedeubeli biozones; G. auriculatus n. sp. is the youngest form of the genus Gothograptus. Variation within the genus Gothograptus during the post-lundgreni interval period is shown for the first time.
Effective Cloud Detection and Segmentation Using a Gradient-Based Algorithm for Satellite Imagery: Application to Improve PERSIANN-CCS
Authors: Hayatbini Negin , Hsu Kuo-lin , Sorooshian Soroosh , Zhang Yunji , Zhang Fuqing
Published: March 2019

The effective identification of clouds and monitoring of their evolution are important toward more accurate quantitative precipitation estimation and forecast. In this study, a new gradient-based cloud-image segmentation algorithm is developed using image processing techniques. This method integrates morphological image gradient magnitudes to separate cloud systems and patches boundaries. A varying scale kernel is implemented to reduce the sensitivity of image segmentation to noise and to capture objects with various finenesses of the edges in remote sensing images. The proposed method is flexible and extendable from single to multispectral imagery. Case studies were carried out to validate the algorithm by applying the proposed segmentation algorithm to synthetic radiances for channels of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-16) simulated by a high-resolution weather prediction model. The proposed method compares favorably with the existing cloud-patch-based segmentation technique implemented in the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks–Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN-CCS) rainfall retrieval algorithm. Evaluation of event-based images indicates that the proposed algorithm has potentials comparing to the conventional segmentation technique used in PERSIANN-CCS to improve rain detection and estimation skills with an accuracy rate of up to 98% in identifying cloud regions.
Elements of Successful Universal Student Transit Pass Programs from Planning to Implementation: A Benchmark Study
Authors: Han Dahai , Yu Jie , Beimborn Edward , Jin Zihao , Tan Weijie
Published: March 2019

Key elements in developing a successful universal college student transit pass program (U-Pass program) are investigated from the perspectives of three involved parties of interest: transit agencies, university administrations, and students. By collecting information from online surveys, case examples, literature, and other useful online resources, a generalized procedure of a U-Pass program is proposed, broken down into three phases: planning, launching, and implementation. In each phase, key elements and actions that lead to successful programs are investigated from the perspectives of the three involved parties. The roles of the three parties as well as how they interact with each other are also examined. Furthermore, some of the underlying factors that lead to program success are explored in the context of different built environment settings. As a benchmark study, this paper extends work from a Transit Cooperative Research Program synthesis to gain insight into how U-Pass programs have been planned, launched, and implemented. The research findings could assist responsible transit agencies and educational institutions in enhancing their current U-Pass programs or launching new programs in the future.
Clinical stages of colorectal cancer diagnosed in obese and overweight individuals in the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program
Authors: Spychalski Piotr , Kobiela Jarek , Wieszczy Paulina , Kamiński Michał F , Reguła Jarosław
Published: March 2019

Background

Obesity is a known risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, precise interconnections between excessive body fat and CRC are still vague. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether stage of CRC detected in overweight and obese individuals differs from individuals with normal body mass index (BMI). A secondary aim of this study was to elucidate whether overweight and obesity influence the overall survival in CRC.

Methods

This study was a cross‐sectional analysis of 163,129 individuals who underwent screening colonoscopy performed on data from a prospectively maintained database of the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program.

Results

Overweight and obese individuals present with a less advanced CRC in screening setting (p = 0.014). This trend is the most pronounced in males (p = 0.001). Univariable and multivariable analyses revealed that obesity was a negative predictor of detection of advanced CRC with odds ratio 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.52–1.00; p = 0.047). Furthermore, overweight and obesity were not statistically significant predictors of risk of death (p = 0.614 and p = 0.446, respectively).

Conclusions

Obese screenees present with a less advanced disease in comparison to non‐obese. Moreover, survival stratified by clinical stage seems to not be influenced by BMI category. Therefore, a higher proportion of early diagnosed cancers can potentially create a survival benefit in this group.
Longitudinal associations of affective symptoms with mid-life cognitive function: evidence from a British birth cohort
Authors: John Amber , James Sarah-Naomi , Patel Urvisha , Rusted Jennifer , Richards Marcus , Gaysina Darya
Published: March 2019

Background

Affective disorders are associated with poorer cognition in older adults; however, whether this association can already be observed in mid-life remains unclear.

Aims

To investigate the effects of affective symptoms over a period of 30 years on mid-life cognitive function. First, we explored whether timing (sensitive period) or persistence (accumulation) of affective symptoms predicted cognitive function. Second, we tested how different longitudinal trajectories of affective symptoms were associated with cognitive function.

Method

The study used data from the National Child Development Study. Memory, verbal fluency, information processing speed and accuracy were measured at age 50. Affective symptoms were measured at ages 23, 33, 42 and 50 and used to derive longitudinal trajectories. A structured modelling approach compared a set of nested models in order to test accumulation versus sensitive period hypotheses. Linear regressions and structural equation modelling were used to test for longitudinal associations of affective symptoms with cognitive function.

Results

Accumulation of affective symptoms was found to be the best fit for the data, with persistent affective symptoms being associated with poorer immediate memory (b = −0.07, s.e. = 0.03, P = 0.01), delayed memory (b = −0.13, s.e. = 0.04, P < 0.001) and information processing accuracy (b = 0.18, s.e. = 0.08, P = 0.03), but not with information processing speed (b = 3.15, s.e. = 1.89, P = 0.10). Longitudinal trajectories of repeated affective symptoms were associated with poorer memory, verbal fluency and information processing accuracy.

Conclusions

Persistent affective symptoms can affect cognitive function in mid-life. Effective management of affective disorders to prevent recurrence may reduce risk of poor cognitive outcomes and promote healthy cognitive ageing.

Declaration of interest

None.
Programlamaya Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: ALTAY Gönül , KIŞLA Tarık
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin programlamaya karşı tutumlarını
ölçebilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir tutum ölçeği geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın
örneklemini farklı il ve ilçelerdeki 12 okulda öğrenim gören 214 lise öğrencisi
oluşturmaktadır. Alanyazın taraması sonrası hazırlanan 64 maddelik 5’ li Likert
tipi ölçeğin kapsam geçerliliğinin tespiti için ilgili alanlarda dört uzman
tarafından incelenmiştir. Uzman görüşlerinden sonra 21 madde olarak uygulanan
deneme formundan yapılan açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda
7 madde atılarak 14 maddeden oluşan 3 faktörlü bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir.
Faktör isimleri sırasıyla “Programlamaya yönelik istek”, “Programlamanın
yararına yönelik inanç”, “Programlamaya yönelik ilgi” şeklindedir. Ölçeğin
Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı sırasıyla 0,89, ölçeğin toplam varyans
değeri ise %65.71 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan bu istatistiksel veriler
doğrultusunda geliştirilen ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu görülmüştür.
Soil Moisture Sensor Test with Mississippi Delta Soils
Authors: Sui Ruixiu , Pringle Horace C. , Barnes Edward M.
Published: March 2019

Abstract.

One of the methods for irrigation scheduling is to use sensors to measure the soil moisture level in the plant root zone and apply water if there is a water shortage for the plants. The measurement accuracy and reliability of the soil moisture sensors are critical for sensor-based irrigation management. This study evaluated the measurement accuracy and repeatability of the EC-5 and 5TM soil volumetric water content (SVWC) sensors, the MPS-2 and 200SS soil water potential (SWP) sensors, and the 200TS soil temperature sensor. Six 183 cm × 183 cm × 71 cm wooden compartments were built inside a greenhouse, and each compartment was filled with one type of soil from the Mississippi Delta. A total of 66 sensors with 18 data loggers were installed in the soil compartments to measure SVWC, SWP, and soil temperature. Soil samples were periodically collected from the compartments to determine SVWC using the gravimetric method. SVWC measured by the sensors was compared with that determined by the gravimetric method. The SVWC readings from the sensors had a linear regression relationship with the gravimetric SVWC (r2 = 0.82). This relationship was used to calibrate the sensor readings. The SVWC and SWP sensors could detect the general trend of soil moisture changes. However, their measurements varied significantly among the sensors. To obtain accurate absolute soil moisture measurements, the sensors require individual and soil-specific calibration. The 5TM, MPS-2, and 200TS sensors performed well in soil temperature measurement tests. Individual temperature readings from these sensors were very close to the mean of all sensor readings. Keywords: Irrigation, Sensors, Soil types, Soil water content, Soil water potential.
Prediction of Optimum Supplemental Heat for Piglets
Authors: Milan Hugo F. M. , Campos Maia Alex Sandro , Gebremedhin Kifle G.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The thermal environment of farrowing facilities is generally controlled at the thermo-neutral zone for sows (15°C to 19°C). This imposes thermal challenges for newborn piglets, which are thermally comfortable at temperatures 10°C to 20°C higher (32°C to 35°C). To satisfy the energetic requirements of piglets, supplemental heat is installed in creep or brooder areas. In this study, we determined optimum supplemental heat requirements (supplied by heating lamps) for piglets based on energy balance as a function of air temperature and animal body weight. We also determined the zone of least thermoregulation of piglets for a given weight when supplemental heat is not provided. Energy balance was calculated using an ensemble of mechanistic models of bio-heat transfer that predicts hair-coat temperature, skin temperature, and skin heat flux. Inputs to the ensemble of mechanistic models include air temperature, black-globe temperature, rectal temperature, and system parameters (e.g., thickness of internal tissues and thermal conductivities). Input temperatures were predicted from measured air temperature in the pen and supplemental heat using machine learning. System parameters were measured or obtained from the literature and optimized using the Monte Carlo method. Ensemble predictions of hair-coat and skin temperature agreed within 3.5% with measured data. The ensemble-predicted zone of least thermoregulation agreed well with previous reports. Predicted optimum supplemental heat showed an exponential decay trend with increasing air temperature and/or animal weight. For air temperature between 15°C and 19°C, the predicted optimum supplemental heat was 266 to 344 W and 44 to 128 W for piglets weighing 1 kg and 20 kg, respectively. The predicted optimum supplemental heat was ~200 W lower for piglets at the end of the farrowing cycle (assuming weight of 20 kg) than at birth (assuming birth weight of 1 kg). Keywords: Bio-heat equation, Computational models, Ensemble learning, Piglets, Precision livestock farming, Supplemental heat, Thermo-neutral zone.
Microwave Soil Treatment Increases Soil Nitrogen Supply for Sustained Wheat Productivity
Authors: Khan Muhammad Jamal , Brodie Graham Ian , Gupta Dorin , He Jizheng
Published: March 2019

Abstract.

Herbicide-resistant weeds have prompted the development and adoption of new non-chemical weed management technologies for sustainable food production. Considering this, pre-sowing microwave (MW) soil treatment has potential to reduce weed pressure in no-till farming systems. However, the effects of this transient heat disturbance on the soil nutrient profile and on the uptake and accumulation of nutrients in plant biomass warrant further study. In this study, we examined the effect of MW soil treatment on the recovery and accumulation of nitrogen (N) in wheat dry biomass using a 15N pool dilution technique over two years. Further, temporal changes in wheat yields were assessed by running sequential residual trials. The pre-sowing MW treatment achieved a temperature of 75°C to 85°C. MW soil heating increased the dry biomass and grain yields of the wheat crop over two years of study regardless of the initial N application. Furthermore, MW soil treatment did not significantly increase the N derived from fertilizer (Ndff, %). The maximum Ndff achieved for the untreated control soils at the higher N dose was 13%, while it was only 8% for the MW-treated soil. Despite this, the total N accumulation in the dry biomass increased by 17% because of MW soil heating, compared to the untreated control soils, revealing the uptake of N from indigenous sources. Consequently, the grain yield supported by indigenous soil N was significantly higher with MW soil treatment at 160, 440, and 740 days after heating. In summary, MW soil treatment appeared to be effective for sustaining the soil fertility over the long term, regardless of initial labeled N application. Keywords: Long-lasting effect, Microwave energy, Nitrogen accumulation, Soil temperature, Wheat yields.
Pengaruh Metode Shared Medical Appointments Terhadap Perbaikan Kontrol Metabolik Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe-1 pada Anak dan Remaja
Authors: Faisal Faisal , Andriana Novina
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Metode sharing medical appointment (SMAs) merupakan program intervensi edukasi yang melibatkan peran keluarga, pengalaman sesama pasien, motivasi, dukungan komunikasi dari dokter dan edukator untuk pasien dengan penyakit kronik. Tujuan. Mengetahui keefektifan metode SMAs terhadap perbaikan kontrol metabolik DM tipe-1 pada anak dan remaja. Metode. Penelitian analitik dengan rancangan randomized controlled trial untuk membandingkan kontrol metabolik kelompok SMAs berdurasi 60 menit setiap pertemuan dengan kelompok individual. Data demografi, klinis, dan HbA1C dikumpulkan dan dianalisis serta dilakukan uji T untuk membandingkan perbedaan rerata kadar HbA1C dan uji repeated ANOVA untuk membandingkan rerata sekuensial HbA1C pada dua kelompok dengan nilai kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil. Masing-masing 20 subjek kelompok SMAs dan kelompok IMA disertakan dalam penelitian dengan rerata kadar HbA1C berturut-turut untuk kelompok SMAs adalah 9,73±1,8 pada bulan ke-0, 8,7±1,3 bulan ke-3 dan 8,54±0,7 pada bulan ke-6, lebih baik dibandingkan pada kelompok IMA yaitu 9,57±1,6 pada bulan ke-0, 9,26±1,1 bulan ke-3 dan 9,86±1,2 bulan ke-6. Perbedaan rerata HbA1C didapatkan pada perbandingan bulan ke-0 vs ke-6 [p<0,05 IK95%: 1,32 (0,69-1,95)]. Pada kelompok SMAs didapatkan perbedaan rerata HbA1C antara bulan ke-0 vs ke-3 (p<0,05) dan bulan ke-0 vs ke-6 (p<0,05) tetapi tidak berbeda pada bulan ke-3 vs ke-6 (p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Metode SMAs dengan durasi 3 bulan efektif dalam memperbaiki kontrol metabolik penderita DM tipe-1 pada anak dan remaja.
Hubungan Dosis Kumulatif Doksorubisin Terhadap Fungsi Sistolik Ventrikel Kiri pada Penyintas Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut
Authors: Gunawan Patricia Yulita , Kaunang Erling David , Mantik Max Frans Joseph , Gunawan Stefanus
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Seiring meningkatnya angka harapan hidup anak dengan leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA), kardiotoksisitas akibat kemoterapi seperti antrasiklin menjadi semakin penting. Evaluasi berkala fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri melalui fraksi ejeksi (FE) dan fraksi pemendekan (FP) direkomendasikan untuk pemantauan efek samping kardiotoksisitas antrasiklin.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara dosis kumulatif doksorubisin dengan fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri pada penyintas LLA anak. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kohort retrospektif dengan menilai perubahan FE dan FP menggunakan ekokardiografi pada penyintas LLA pada bulan Juli-September 2016 di bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, RSU Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou, Manado. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara total sampling. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan korelasi Pearson.Hasil. Terdapat total 18 penyintas LLA yang diteliti, termasuk 12 risiko standar dan 6 risiko tinggi. Fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri semua penyintas masih dalam batas normal (FE 74,20 ± 11,37 %, FP 42,61 ± 9,98 %). Ditemukan adanya hubungan negatif sedang yang bermakna antara dosis kumulatif doksorubisin dan fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri [FE (r=-0,532, p=0,012) dan FP (r=-0,518, p=0,014)]. Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan negatif antara dosis kumulatif doksorubisin dan fungsi sistolik ventrikel kiri pada penyintas LLA anak. Panduan lokal diperlukan untuk evaluasi ekokardiografi secara berkala pada penyintas LLA anak di Indonesia.
Hubungan Kadar Superoksida Dismutase dengan Tingkat Intelegensi Anak Sindrom Down
Authors: Agustia Mila , Chundrayeti Eva , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Sindrom Down merupakan suatu keterbelakangan perkembangan fisik dan mental yang disebabkan oleh abnormalitas kromosom 21. Stres oksidatif diekspresikan berlebih pada anak SD karena gen yang mengodenya terletak pada kromosom 21. Kormobiditi yang terdapat pada SD ini disebabkan oleh stres oksidatif.Tujuan. Mengetahui kadar stres oksidatif melalui pemeriksaan superoksida dismutase (SOD) serta tingkat intelegensi dan mencari hubungan di antara keduanya pada anak SD di Sekolah Luar Biasa Kota Padang.Metode. Merupakan penelitian comparative cross sectional yang dilakukan di Sekolah Luar Biasa dan panti asuhan Kota Padang mulai September 2016 sampai Juli 2017. Hasil. Masing masing 40 sampel kontrol dan SD terdiri dari 25 orang (62,5%) dan perempuan 15 orang (37,5%). Tingkat intelegensi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu retardasi mental ringan 25(67,5%), dan retardasi sedang-berat 15(37,5%). Rerata kadar SOD pada kelompok kontrol adalah 4,84 (4,48-6,41) dan pada SD 5,26 (3,95-9,41), perbedaan ini bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar SOD dengan tingkat intelegensi anak SD pada penelitian ini (p>0,05).Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar SOD dengan tingkat intelegensi pada anak SD di Sekolah Luar Biasa Kota Padang.
Perbedaan Rerata Kadar Hemoglobin dan Feritin Berdasarkan Tingkat Inteligensia Anak di Sekolah Luar Biasa Kota Padang
Authors: Anggraini Inggrit , Chundrayetti Eva , Chundrayetti Eva , Nasrul Ellyza , Nasrul Ellyza
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Fungsi intelektual dibawah rata-rata (IQ < 70) yang muncul bersamaan dengan defisit perilaku adaptif dan bermanifestasi pada periode perkembangan disebut retardasi mental (RM). Defisiensi besi merupakan salah satu defisiensi nutrisi yang diduga menjadi etiologi RM.Tujuan. Menilai perbedaan rerata kadar hemoglobin dan feritin berdasarkan tingkat inteligensia anak di Sekolah Luar Biasa Kota Padang.Metode. Penelitian cross sectional comparative pada November 2016 - Mei 2017 di Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) kota Padang. Sampel adalah siswa kelas C (tuna grahita) berusia 6-18 tahun. Sampel dikelompokkan berdasarkan tingkat intelligence quotient (IQ). Digunakan metode The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th edition (WISC-IV) dan dibagi 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok tidak RM, RM ringan, dan RM sedang berat. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin dan kadar feritin semua kelompok sampel.Hasil. Dari 60 anak di SLB Kota Padang, terdiri dari 20 anak di tiap kelompok. Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki (55%) dan usia rata-rata 12,96 tahun. Median kadar ferritin kelompok RM sedang berat lebih rendah (12,24 (2,59-39,87) ng/mL) dibandingkan kelompok tidak RM (63,03 (20,29-484,37) ng/mL) dan RM ringan (66,8 (18,19-163,22) ng/mL). Secara statistik terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar hemoglobin dan feritin pada ketiga kelompok berdasarkan tingkat inteligensia (p<0,05).Kesimpulan. Terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar hemoglobin dan feritin berdasarkan tingkat inteligensia anak di Sekolah Luar Biasa Kota Padang.
Hubungan antara Kadar Vitamin D dan Derajat Keparahan Dermatitis Atopik
Authors: Anindita Ahimsa Yoga , Harsono Ganung , Lestari Endang Dewi
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Dermatitis atopik adalah penyakit kulit kronik yang sering ditemukan pada anak. Prevalensi DA anak antara 10%-20%. Kondisi defisiensi vitamin D dikhawatirkan dapat memperburuk kondisi dermatitis atopik. Perkembangan penyakit menjadi lebih progresif, penyembuhan lama, dan risiko infeksi sekunder menjadi lebih besar. Hingga saat ini masih terdapat perbedaan hasil penelitian mengenai hubungan kadar vitamin D dan derajat keparahan dermatitis atopik. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan kadar vitamin D dengan derajat keparahan dermatitis atopik.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan studi potong lintang. Subjek penelitian merupakan pasien anak berusia 2 sampai 5 tahun dengan DA di RS Dr. Moewardi Surakarta antara bulan Januari sampai Oktober 2018. Pengambilan sampel secara konsekutif berjumlah 24 sampel. Setiap subjek diukur kadar vitamin D serum dan diperiksa derajat keparahan dermatitis atopik. Hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis menggunakan Spearman rank untuk memperoleh koefisien korelasi. Hasil bermakna jika p≤0,05.Hasil. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kadar vitamin D dan derajat keparahan DA (r=0,936; p=0,000). Hubungan ini sangat kuat dan berkorelasi positif.Kesimpulan. Semakin rendah kadar vitamin D serum maka semakin berat derajat keparahan DA pada anak usia 2 sampai 5 tahun.
Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin dengan Kejang Demam pada Anak yang Disebabkan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut: Studi Kasus Kontrol
Authors: Aswin Amalia , Muhyi Annisa , Hasanah Nurul
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Kejang demam adalah bangkitan kejang yang terjadi pada anak berusia 6 bulan sampai 5 tahun tanpa disebabkan oleh proses intrakranial. Kejang demam merupakan kelainan neurologi tersering yang dijumpai pada anak.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar hemoglobin dengan kejang demam pada anak yang disebabkan ISPA.Metode. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain kasus kontrol. Data diambil dari rekam medik di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda tahun 2016-2017 menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel bebas adalah kadar hemoglobin, sedangkan variabel tergantung adalah kejang demam yang disebabkan ISPA. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan chi-square (x2), kemaknaan ditentukan berdasarkan nilai p<0,05. Hasil. Didapatkan sebanyak 62 pasien dengan rincian 31 kejang demam dan 31 demam tanpa kejang. Prevalensi kejang demam pada anak laki-laki 71%, sedangkan perempuan 29%. Angka kejadian terbanyak kejang demam adalah usia 0-12 bulan dan gizi baik. Berdasarkan analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan didapatkan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pada kejang demam adalah 11,04 g/dL dan demam tanpa kejang 11,6 g/dL (p=0,023). Pada uji chi-square (x2), menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kejang demam yang disebabkan ISPA (p=0,032, OR=3,906)Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan kadar hemoglobin dengan kejang demam pada anak yang disebabkan ISPA.
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur dan Masalah Mental Emosional pada Remaja Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Dhamayanti Meita , Faisal Faisal , Maghfirah Elma Citra
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang. Tidur berperan penting dalam menjaga kesehatan emosional. Masalah mental emosional berdampak negatif terhadap remaja dan memicu perilaku berisiko tinggi.Tujuan. Menganalisis hubungan kualitas tidur dengan mental emosional pada remaja.Metode. Studi observasional analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara simple random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA di Jatinangor pada bulan April-Juli 2017. Pengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Uji statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk analisis data karakteristik subjek, uji koefisien korelasi Crammer’s v untuk analisis korelasi kualitas tidur dan mental emosional.Hasil. Sebanyak 79 siswa berusia 15-17 tahun dari tiga SMA, 39 laki-laki dan 40 perempuan, rerata usia 16 tahun, 36 kualitas tidur baik dan 43 buruk. Kualitas tidur dan masalah mental emosional menunjukkan korelasi signifikan (p<0,05) dengan kekuatan korelasi sedang (Crammer’s v=0,422).Kesimpulan. Terdapat korelasi kualitas tidur dan masalah mental emosional pada remaja SMA di Jatinangor.
Список чешуекрылых (Insecta, Lepidoptera) Северного Казахстана. Часть 3.
Authors: Knyzev S. A. , Zuban' I. A.
Published: March 2019

На основании фаунистических исследований в Северном Казахстане в 2017-2018 годах приводится список собранного материала из 246 видов. 124 из них впервые указываются для Северо-Казахстанской области.
Ecological and biological evaluation of varietal resources Paeonia L. in Ukraine
Authors: Mazur V. A. , Pantsyreva H. V. , Mazur K. V. , Monarkh V. V.
Published: March 2019

The present state of the trends of the use of herbaceous species of Paeonia L. was studied and their prospects for greening the Podillya area were determined. The cultivars and hybrids of peony culture are investigated, entered in the State Register of Ukraine and analyzed the dynamics of their creation over the years. The analysis of researches and publications of cultivars of milky-flowered breeding breeding in our country was carried out. The decorative properties of the herbaceous peony varieties (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) Were analyzed and the characteristics of the varieties represented by the originator of the varieties represented by all indicators were studied. According to the results of the research, Paeonia L. varieties, which are entered in the State Register on a set of indicators that determine their decorative and economic and biological qualities, are recommended as objects for the enrichment of the plant variety for planting the Ukraine. The analysis of species and grade composition of Paeonia L.
Biomechanics of walking before and after surgical treatment of damaged menisci of the knee joint
Authors: Skvortsov D. V. , Churkin S. N. , Akhpashev A. A. , Agzamov D. S. , Kanaev A. S. , Lobov A. N. , Plotnikov V. P. , Zhuravleva A. I.
Published: March 2019

A significant part of the knee joint (KJ) damages comprise the lesions of its menisci. Both traumatic and degenerative menisci damages are frequent indications for surgical treatment. In the available literature there are a few articles devoted to the study of the KJ function when walking before and after meniscus resection. We have studied the biomechanical changes characteristic of KJ meniscus damage, before and after surgical treatment. The study included 24 patients who were operated on for meniscus rupture of both traumatic and degenerative nature. During the arthroscopic intervention, we performed a meniscus resection within the damaged unstable tissues. In the postoperative period all patients received rehabilitation treatment. The control group included 20 healthy adults (14 males and 6 females). The median age was 29.7 years. The biomechanics of gait was studied: the time of the step cycle, movements in the hip joints (HJ) and KJ in three mutually perpendicular planes and shock loads during walking. The time characteristics of the step cycle remain normal both before and after surgery. The load on the affected limb increases in the postoperative period. The amplitude of movements in HJ and KJ is reduced before treatment and restored after it. KJ meniscus damage does not lead to a significant change in the biomechanics of walking. The recorded parameters of the step cycle do not change, i.e. the existing changes do not affect the time structure; 3 months after surgical treatment on the side of the lesion, shock loads increase to normal values, the amplitude of HJ extension, KJ flexion and rotational movements in it increases. The function of operated KJ was normalized in conditions of walking on a flat surface.
Difficulties in choosing a biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Marusenko I. M. , Vezikova N. N. , Kondrichin S. N. , Silvestrov N. D.
Published: March 2019

The article presents a clinical observation of a patient with severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Due to insufficient efficacy of systemic therapy of psoriasis biologic disease-modifying therapy was started, but it was associated with difficulties. Development of erythrodermic form of psoriasis was observed during treatment with infliximab and abatacept was successfully used though it is not registered inRussiafor the treatment of psoriasis.
Janus kinase inhibitors in immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases: new opportunities and prospects
Authors: Nasonov E. L. , Lila A. M.
Published: March 2019

Despite the great success in the diagnosis and treatment of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD), which led to a significant improvement in the prognosis in many patients, the fundamental medical problems of this pathology – the restoration of quality of life and reduction of mortality to the population level – are far from solution. This served as a powerful impetus to the study of new approaches to pharmacotherapy of IIRD, one of which is associated with the use of low-molecular synthetic drugs that inhibit intracellular "signal" molecules-Janus kinase (JAK), the socalled Jakinibs. The current achievements and trends concerning the use of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of IIRD are considered.
Leverage Points 2019: a transdisciplinary conference, inspiring change
Authors: Leventon Julia , Becker Sophia , Zimmermann Heike , von Wehrden Henrik
Published: March 2019

From February 6 to 8, 2019, Leuphana University of Lüneburg hosted the first ever Leverage Points conference on sustainability research and transformation. On behalf of the whole Leverage Points project team from Leuphana University, members of the team take stock
with colleagues from the Bridging the Great Divide project from Leuphana University, and the NaWis network.
Nachhaltige Entwicklung und Menschenbild ‐ Was ist, braucht und kann ,,der Mensch“?
Authors: Eser Uta , Schmaus Thomas , Simon Karl-Heinz , Tretter Felix
Published: March 2019

Kann nachhaltige Entwicklung gelingen? Ist ,,der Mensch“ bereit und fähig, das eigene Handeln am langfristigen Gemeinwohl auszurichten, oder ist er allein auf den individuellen Vorteil bedacht? Auf ihrer Jahrestagung führt die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Humanökologie
(DGH) die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Menschenbild in der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung und -politik fort.
Nachhaltigkeitsforschung und Epistemologie: antikritische Bemerkungen zu Postmoderne und Rorty
Authors: Ekardt Felix
Published: March 2019

Reaktion auf S. Strunz in GAIA 28/1(2019): Nachhaltigkeit, liberale Ironie und der Relativismus-Vorwurf
Kein Zufall: die Entdeckung der Kernspaltung: Das Ende eines Mythos und Lehren, die daraus zu ziehen sind
Authors: Liebert Wolfgang
Published: March 2019

Bis heute hält sich der Mythos, die Entdeckung der Kernspaltung 1938 sei ein Zufall gewesen. Dabei ist sie das Ergebnis eines intensiven Forschungsprozesses, der auch von zahlreichen Warnungen und Vorahnungen von Beteiligten begleitet war. Doch die Wissenschaft bemüht weiterhin
den Mythos der Zufallsentdeckung, um zu vermeiden, dass sie frühzeitig Verantwortung übernehmen muss ‐ und auch um davon abzulenken, dass die Forschung die militärische Nutzung der Kernspaltung vorbereitet hat. Damit sich die Praktik, keine Verantwortung im Forschungsprozess
zu übernehmen, nicht laufend wiederholt, sollte die Wissenschafts- und Technikfolgenabschätzung gestärkt und die Öffentlichkeit frühzeitig einbezogen werden.
Investigating the imagination levels of students playing tennis
Authors: Dereceli Çağatay
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is to examine the imagination levels of 8 to 16-year-old students who are engaged in tennis. The sample group of the study consisted of 151 primary school students between the ages of 8-16, who are enrolled in primary and secondary education institutions and are engaged in tennis sports in the province of Aydın in the 2016-2017 academic year. In order to determine the imagination level of the students, Sports Imagery Questionnaire for Children developed Hall et al. (1999) and adapted to the Turkish by Kafkas (2011) was administered. In the evaluation of the data, the normality test Kolmogorov Smirnov, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney-U, and Chi-Square tests were applied to determine the differences of imagination levels based on various demographic parameters. The results revealed that the level of imagination did not differ significantly based on age or gender. However, mean value of the imagination scores for female students was higher than that for male students. There was a significant difference between the persistence of doing the sport and the level of imagination. Significant differences were detected in the imagery aspect, general cognitive dimension and the persistence of the sports. Similarly, significant differences were observed in the imagery aspect, specific cognitive dimension and the longevity of sporting. There were no significant differences between imagery aspect, special motivation, general motivation stimulation, general motivational superiority dimensions and sporting longevity.