bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN DALAM REBRANDING GRANDE GARDEN CAFÉ
Authors: Sukma Wijaya Dara , Dinar Febriana Salsa , Cahyo Shah Adhi Pradana Bagus
Published: July 2024

Pada era sekarang, banyak perusahaan yang berlomba-lomba dalam memasarkan produknya agar dapat diterima oleh konsumen yang tentunya produsen juga mendapatkan keuntungan. Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran merupakan salah satu kunci dalam berjalanya sebuah perusahaan. Dalam hal ini, Grande Garden Cafe menerapkan 4p dalam bauran pemasaran yaitu product,price,place, dan promotion. Selain itu, Grande Cafe juga memanfaatkan media sosial dalam kegiatan pemasaran. Karena, media sosial memberi pengaruh besar terhadap proses kegiatan strategi pemasaran. Melihat banyak sekali pengguna yang mengoperasikan platform media sosial mulai dari Instagram dan Tiktok menjadi peluang terhadap Grande Garden Cafe untuk melibatkan kegiatan pemasaran di dalamnya. Salah satunya dengan pembuatan konten yang kemudian diunggah pada laman Instagram maupun Tiktok, sehingga menarik feedback dari masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi video dan foto yang telah dipublish. Dalam hal ini, dapat terlihat konten yang diminati atau tidak oleh konsumen sehingga dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja dalam Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERKAIT PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI SALURAN PENYEBARAN BERITA POLITIK DI HARIAN DISWAY
Authors: Dwiyanti Afina , Syahputra M Ridwan , Widhiandono Doan
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan teknologi digital dan media sosial telah mengubah lanskap industri media dan jurnalisme. Media sosial menjadi tempat manusia berinteraksi dan mendapatkan sebuah informasi. Hadirnya media sosial membuat komunikasi masyarakat berubah menjadi lebih cepat dan fleksibel tanpa perlu bertemu atau face to face. Media sosial juga mempunyai kekuatan dalam penyebaran berita mengenai berbagai peristiwa terhitung cepat mendapatkan tanggapan dari penggunanya, dari berbagai informasi yang tersebar melalui media sosial juga dapat menciptakan persepsi tersendiri bagi pengguna media sosial. Berita politik menjadi salah satu topik berita yang marak disukai oleh para pengguna media sosial, karena peristiwa politik selalu memiliki pengaruh baik secara langsung ataupun tidak pada Masyarakat. Salah satu media sosial yang di gunakan masyarakat untuk mencari informasi politik adalah instagram. Instagram, sebagai salah satu platform media sosial yang populer, telah menjadi saluran penyebaran berita yang semakin marak digunakan oleh berbagai media. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi pemanfaatan Instagram sebagai saluran penyebaran berita politik oleh Harian Disway, sebuah media berita lokal di Indonesia. Instagram digunakan media Harian Disway sebagai saluran penyebaran berita dengan menyajikan konten berita lokal, nasional, ninternasional, hiburan, dan olahraga dalam format visual yang menarik. Mereka memanfaatkan fitur-fitur Instagram seperti feed utama, Instagram Stories, dan Reels untuk menyebarkan berita dengan gaya yang ringkas dan interaktif.
Demographic and aetiological factors of paediatric status epilepticus: a South African retrospective observational study
Authors: Chingwali- Nsanta S , Buys H , Burman R J , Wilmhurst J M
Published: July 2024

Background. Status epilepticus (SE) is a common medical neurological emergency in childhood, often serious and life threatening. A paucity of data exists on the aetiology and demographics of affected children in resource-limited countries. 
Objective. To understand the demographics and describe the common causes of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in our local paediatric population.  
Methods. A retrospective review of the demographics, clinical features, and characterisation of CSE of children who presented to the emergency department of Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, in Cape Town, South Africa, between 2016 and 2018 was completed.  
Results. Of 119 children, 63 (53%) were male; their median age was 29.6 (IQR 14.8-76.1) months: 22 (18%) were <12-months, 63 (53%) were 1-5 years, and 34 (29%) >5years. Thirty-one (26%) were moderately-severely-underweight-for-age and 5 (4%) were HIV-infected. In seizure semiology, 82 (71%) had generalised convulsive seizures and 34 (29%) had focal seizures; with ILAE-classified aetiology 74 (62%) were secondary to acute infective cause, 12 (10%) electroclinical syndrome, 9 (8%) remote and 25 (22%) were unknown. A recorded tympanic membrane temperature of ≥38°C was found in 49 (44%) of 112 children, 36 were below the age of 5 years, supporting the diagnosis of febrile status epilepticus in these children. Fifty (42%) were known with epilepsy related breakthrough seizures. Imaging was abnormal in 24 (42%) of 57 children. Cerebrospinal fluid findings were abnormal in 7 (12%) of 57 children. Most children, 87 (75%), were stabilised adequately for admission in the short stay ward, however eight required admission to the ICU. No deaths were recorded in the cohort. 
Conclusion. Acute infections are the most common cause of SE in our setting, concordant with other studies.
Infant and young child feeding practices and behaviours of positive deviants among caregivers of children (6 - 18 months) at risk of stunting in informal settlements in Harrismith, Free State Province, South Africa
Authors: Pilditch K , Du Plessis L , Drimie S
Published: July 2024

Background. The positive deviance approach has been used to identify infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices associated with a reduction in stunting, but this research is limited in South Africa (SA).
Objective. To identify strategies among positive deviant (PD) caregivers of non-stunted children aged 6 - 18 months that influence infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and raise well-nourished children in two informal settlements in Harrismith.
Methods. This study employed a mixed-method design using a PD approach. Demographic questionnaires were administered to 28 purposefully sampled caregiver-child pairs to determine caregiver, child and household characteristics. Socioeconomic scores were obtained from these interviews and used to select six PD and six non-positive deviant (NPD) caregivers for semi-structured qualitative interviews between March and June 2019.
Results. Nutritional PD behaviours included consuming ‘flesh foods’ (meat) more often and practising responsive feeding and family eating. Non-nutritional PD behaviours included coping strategies involving health-seeking behaviour, financial strategy and social capital of caregivers. All caregivers displayed poor breastfeeding practices and an early introduction of solid foods. Primary healthcare nurses were reported to frequently provide breastfeeding advice from outdated prevention of mother-to-child transmission policy.
Conclusions. Poor IYCF practices highlight the need for continued advocacy and promotion of IYCF in SA. Nutritional PD behaviours are key to health promotional messages relayed within the local community where the research was conducted. The presence of nutritional and non-nutritional PD behaviours highlights the need for a multi-sectoral response to addressing stunting and improving IYCF practices.
Emotional vocalizations alter behaviors and neurochemical release into the amygdala
Authors: Ghasemahmad Zahra , Mrvelj Aaron , Panditi Rishitha , Sharma Bhavya , Perumal Karthic Drishna , Wenstrup Jeffrey J
Published: July 2024

The basolateral amygdala (BLA), a brain center of emotional expression, contributes to acoustic communication by first interpreting the meaning of social sounds in the context of the listener’s internal state, then organizing the appropriate behavioral responses. We propose that modulatory neurochemicals such as acetylcholine (ACh) and dopamine (DA) provide internal-state signals to the BLA while an animal listens to social vocalizations. We tested this in a vocal playback experiment utilizing highly affective vocal sequences associated with either mating or restraint, then sampled and analyzed fluids within the BLA for a broad range of neurochemicals and observed behavioral responses of adult male and female mice. In male mice, playback of restraint vocalizations increased ACh release and usually decreased DA release, while playback of mating sequences evoked the opposite neurochemical release patterns. In non-estrus female mice, patterns of ACh and DA release with mating playback were similar to males. Estrus females, however, showed increased ACh, associated with vigilance, as well as increased DA, associated with reward-seeking. Experimental groups that showed increased ACh release also showed the largest increases in an aversive behavior. These neurochemical release patterns and several behavioral responses depended on a single prior experience with the mating and restraint behaviors. Our results support a model in which ACh and DA provide contextual information to sound analyzing BLA neurons that modulate their output to downstream brain regions controlling behavioral responses to social vocalizations.
Enrichment of rare codons at 5' ends of genes is a spandrel caused by evolutionary sequence turnover and does not improve translation
Authors: Sejour Richard , Leatherwood Janet , Yurovsky Alisa , Futcher Bruce
Published: July 2024

Previously, Tuller et al. found that the first 30–50 codons of the genes of yeast and other eukaryotes are slightly enriched for rare codons. They argued that this slowed translation, and was adaptive because it queued ribosomes to prevent collisions. Today, the translational speeds of different codons are known, and indeed rare codons are translated slowly. We re-examined this 5’ slow translation ‘ramp.’ We confirm that 5’ regions are slightly enriched for rare codons; in addition, they are depleted for downstream Start codons (which are fast), with both effects contributing to slow 5’ translation. However, we also find that the 5’ (and 3’) ends of yeast genes are poorly conserved in evolution, suggesting that they are unstable and turnover relatively rapidly. When a new 5’ end forms de novo, it is likely to include codons that would otherwise be rare. Because evolution has had a relatively short time to select against these codons, 5’ ends are typically slightly enriched for rare, slow codons. Opposite to the expectation of Tuller et al., we show by direct experiment that genes with slowly translated codons at the 5’ end are expressed relatively poorly, and that substituting faster synonymous codons improves expression. Direct experiment shows that slow codons do not prevent downstream ribosome collisions. Further informatic studies suggest that for natural genes, slow 5’ ends are correlated with poor gene expression, opposite to the expectation of Tuller et al. Thus, we conclude that slow 5’ translation is a ‘spandrel’--a non-adaptive consequence of something else, in this case, the turnover of 5’ ends in evolution, and it does not improve translation.
Microbiota from young mice counteracts susceptibility to age-related gout through modulating butyric acid levels in aged mice
Authors: Song Ning , Gao Hang , Li Jianhao , Liu Yi , Wang Mingze , Ma Zhiming , Zhang Naisheng , Zhang Wenlong
Published: July 2024

Gout is a prevalent form of inflammatory arthritis that occurs due to high levels of uric acid in the blood leading to the formation of urate crystals in and around the joints, particularly affecting the elderly. Recent research has provided evidence of distinct differences in the gut microbiota of patients with gout and hyperuricemia when compared to healthy individuals. However, the link between gut microbiota and age-related gout remained underexplored. Our study found that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in determining susceptibility to age-related gout. Specifically, we observed that age-related gut microbiota regulated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and modulated uric acid metabolism. More scrutiny highlighted the positive impact of “younger” microbiota on the gut microbiota structure of old or aged mice, enhancing butanoate metabolism and butyric acid content. Experimentation with butyrate supplementation indicated that butyric acid exerts a dual effect, inhibiting inflammation in acute gout and reducing serum uric acid levels. These insights emphasize the potential of gut microbiome rejuvenation in mitigating senile gout, unraveling the intricate dynamics between microbiota, aging, and gout. It potentially serves as a therapeutic target for senile gout-related conditions.
Comparison of radiomics-based machine-learning classifiers for the pretreatment prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer
Authors: Li Xue , Li Chunmei , Wang Hong , Jiang Lei , Chen Min
Published: July 2024

Background

Machine learning classifiers are increasingly used to create predictive models for pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Few studies have compared the effectiveness of different ML classifiers. This study evaluated radiomics models based on pre- and post-contrast first-phase T1 weighted images (T1WI) in predicting breast cancer pCR after NAT and compared the performance of ML classifiers.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 281 patients undergoing NAT from the Duke-Breast-Cancer-MRI dataset. Radiomic features were extracted from pre- and post-contrast first-phase T1WI images. The Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) was applied, then the dataset was randomly divided into training and validation groups (7:3). The radiomics model was built using selected optimal features. Support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) were classifiers. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess predictive performance.

Results

LightGBM performed best in predicting pCR [area under the curve (AUC): 0.823, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.743–0.902], accuracy 74.0%, sensitivity 85.0%, specificity 67.2%]. During subgroup analysis, RF was most effective in pCR prediction in luminal breast cancers (AUC: 0.914, 95% CI [0.847–0.981], accuracy 87.0%, sensitivity 85.2%, specificity 88.1%). In triple-negative breast cancers, LightGBM performed best (AUC: 0.836, 95% CI [0.708–0.965], accuracy 78.6%, sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 90.0%).

Conclusion

The LightGBM-based radiomics model performed best in predicting pCR in patients with breast cancer. RF and LightGBM showed promising results for luminal and triple-negative breast cancers, respectively.
Utilização do óleo de romã para fins medicinais: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Albuquerque Tiago da Nóbrega , Silva Adriano Lima da , Costa Josiane Dantas , Gomes Josivanda Palmeira , Campos Ana Regina Nascimento , Dias Emanuele Cardoso
Published: July 2024

O óleo de semente de romã (PSO) é reconhecido por seus benefícios em aplicações biomédicas devido à presença de compostos como ácido púnico e ácido ursólico, que demonstraram eficácia no combate a processos antitumorais e anti-inflamatórios. Sua utilização tem sido explorada no tratamento de diversos tipos de câncer, incluindo mama, bexiga, pele, próstata, cólon e visão, destacando-se por sua capacidade de induzir apoptose e bloquear o ciclo celular das células tumorais. Além disso, sua atividade anti-inflamatória e antioxidante o torna promissor no tratamento de doenças neurológicas, como esclerose múltipla, demência e declínio cognitivo. A pesquisa bibliográfica abrangeu um período de cinco anos (2019-2024), utilizando plataformas científicas como Science Direct e PubMed, e concentrou-se em fornecer um levantamento abrangente e atualizado sobre as aplicações terapêuticas do óleo de romã. Os estudos revisados destacaram o vasto potencial terapêutico da romã, especialmente devido aos seus polifenóis, evidenciando sua eficácia no tratamento e prevenção de várias doenças, como câncer, esclerose múltipla, declínio cognitivo, doenças metabólicas e inflamatórias. Após uma rigorosa seleção de artigos, apenas 29 foram considerados de alta qualidade e relevância para a discussão final. Esses estudos forneceram uma base sólida para avanços futuros no campo biomédico, destacando a importância do óleo de romã como uma opção promissora para diversas aplicações terapêuticas.
Meaning and Interpretation in the Context of the Artist, The Work and the Audience
Authors: KAPLAN Mehmet Akif
Published: July 2024

Bu araştırmada sanatçı, eser ve izleyici arasındaki ilişkiler anlam ve yorum bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sanatçının eser ortaya koyma ve izleyicinin eseri anlamlandırma sürecine yönelik bir kapsama sahiptir. Bu bağlamda sanatçı,
eser ve izleyici tanımları yapılarak eser anlamlandırma ve yorumlamaya geçilmiştir. Sanatçı eser üreten kişi; eser sanatçı tarafından üretilen şey, izleyici ise eser karşısında arınma yaşayan ya da eser ile interaktif bir etkileşim
içinde olan, onu anlamlandıran kişidir. Sanatçının eser üretim biçimini sanatçının içinde yaşadığı dönemin estetik prensipleri belirler. Geleneksel anlamda sanatçı optik yasalara bağlı bir şekilde dış gerçekliği yansıtarak eser
üretir ya da toplumsal olayları temsil eden bir yapıt ortaya koyar. İzleyici ise sanatçının eseri karşısında onu algılar, analiz eder ve anlamlandırır. Çağdaş sanatla eser üretim biçimi, sunuş şekli ve izleyicinin durumunda değişimler
olmuştur. Dolayısıyla sanatçı, eser ve izleyici yapıt kimliği altında tek vücut haline gelmiştir. Sanat kuramcılar sanat eserini doğru analiz edip onu anlamlandırmak için toplum merkezli, sanatçı merkezli, eser merkezli ve okur
(alımlayıcı) merkezli gibi eleştiri yöntemleri geliştirmişlerdir. İzleyici, okur eleştiri yöntemlerinin birini ya da bir kaçını kullanarak sanat yapıtını anlamlandırabilir. Bu araştırmada betimsel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Yazılı ve internet kaynakları taranarak veriler elde edilmiş olup, bulgular araştırma konu olan sanat yapıtının anlamlandırılması ve yapıt eleştiri yöntemleri ana düşüncesini destekler nitelikte kullanılmıştır.
Examples of Figured Door Knobs Found in Marmaris and Milas Districts
Authors: BAŞAK Oktay , OLAŞ Nurullah
Published: July 2024

Araştırmadaki amaç, Marmaris ve Milas ilçeleri özelinde, sayıları gün geçtikçe azalan, bir zamanların en önemli kapı aksamları arasında yer alan, farklı tipteki figürlü tokmaklara dikkatleri çekmektir. Marmaris ve Milas ilçelerindeki
kapı tokmak ve aynalarıyla ilgili, 2017-2018 yılları arasında yapılan saha çalışmalarında; 19’u el, 1 adedi ise kuş şeklinde olmak üzere figürlü 20 tokmak tespit edilmiştir. Ekseriyeti bronz ve pirinç alaşımından döküm tekniği
kullanılarak yapılmış olan tokmaklar, tipolojik ayrıma tabi tutularak irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır.Dışarıdan gelenlerin, hane halkını haberdar etmek amacıyla kullanılmalarının yanı sıra, kapıların süsleme kompozisyonlarının tamamlanmasına
da katkı sağlayan tokmakların büyük bir bölümü Avrupa’dan ithal edilerek yurt içindeki atölyelerde kalıbı çıkarılarak çoğaltılmıştır. Çoğunda, aynı ya da benzer kalıplar kullanılmış olduğundan, istisna birkaç örnek dışında, çoğunda
yapım tarihi ve usta kitabesi yer almadığından, kesin bir tarihlendirmede bulunmaktan kaçınılmıştır. Ancak Anadolu’da tarihi belli olan en erken örneklerin 19.yüzyıldan önceye gitmediği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda ele alınan örneklerin
de 19. yüzyıl ve sonrasına ait oldukları söylenebilir.Teknolojinin hızla gelişim gösterdiği çağımızda, birçok alanda olduğu gibi bir zamanların gözde haberleşme araçlarından olan tokmakların yerini de çok farklı haberleşme araçları
almaya başlamıştır. Anadolu’nun birçok bölgesinde yerel ustalar tarafından, talepler doğrultusunda değişik malzemeden farklı tarihlerde yapılmış oldukları anlaşılan tokmaklar, işlevleri yanı sıra, ait oldukları dönemin estetik
değerlerini ve temsil ettikleri kültürü anlamaya da katkı sunarlar. Bu özelliklerine rağmen, ne yazık ki, artık olmaları gereken yerlerinde değil, bakır eşyaların onarılıp satıldığı çarşılarda, semt pazarlarında ya da müze ve özel
koleksiyonerlerin vitrinlerinde yer almaya başladılar. Bazı erken örneklerin görselleri eşliğinde tarihçesine de değinilen çalışmada ele alınan tokmakların çoğu, in-situ durumdadır. Ele alınan eserler, tek tek tanıtmak yerine,
genel özelliklerine vurguda bulunularak yurt içi ve dışındaki benzer örnekler eşliğinde sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Space Syntax Study for Underground City Example: Derinkuyu
Authors: ŞENEL Kübra YILMAZ
Published: July 2024

Doğanın insanla ilişkisinin en iyi örneklerinden biri olan Kapadokya'daki Derinkuyu, yeraltı yaşamı için birçok olasılık ve özellik yaratmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, yeraltı mekân kullanımıyla benzersiz olan Derinkuyu yeraltı
şehrinin yerleşimini incelemektir. Tartışmanın odak noktası, mekan sentaksı ile kesit ve plan düzeyinde yeraltı mekân kullanımının araştırılmasıdır. Arkeolojik araştırmaların bir sonucu olarak üretilen kesitler ve planlar vasıtasıyla
yeraltı yerleşiminin form ve yapısını oluşturan mekânsal bağlantılar belirlenmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında bir yeraltı şehri olan Derinkuyu yerleşmesi mekan dizimi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmektedir. Bu analizler ışığında
yeni bir kurgu oluşturularak, bu yerleşim yatay olarak kurulmuş olsaydı mekânsal kurgusu nasıl olurdu sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır. Derinkuyu yeraltı şehri olarak katmanlı bir yapıya sahiptir ve alanlarının kullanım amacı yapılan
arkeolojik çalışmalar sayesinde belirlenmiştir. Yeraltı şehrinin, bugüne kadar çok küçük bir bölümüne ulaşıldığı düşünülmektedir. Bu şehrin ortaya çıkarılmış olan kısmı için mekan dizimi analizi yapılması amacıyla Grasshopper üzerinden
“Syntactic” eklentisi kullanılarak mekanların grafiksel karşılıkları oluşturulmaktadır. Bu oluşturulan grafikler ve elde edilen sayısal veriler, şekiller ile çalışmanın çıktısı olarak sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma ışığında, Derinkuyu
yeraltı şehri aynı bağlantı noktalarıyla yatayda yerleşmiş olsaydı ortaya çıkabilecek olasılıklar temsil edilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen 2 boyutlu üretken sistemde değişken parametrelerle ortaya çıkabilecek yeni modellerin
mekan dizimi analizleri ile mekanın alternatif modeli grafiksel olarak üretilmektedir.
Analysis of Carl Joachım Andersen 18 Petites Etudes Op.41 Book Used in Flute Education
Authors: DULKADİR Döndü
Published: July 2024

Bu araştırma, Carl Joachim ANDERSEN tarafından flüt eğitimi için yazılan 18 Petites Etudes Op.41 kitabında yer alan etütlerin tempolarına, tonlarına, ölçü birimlerine ve çalım tekniklerinin yanı sıra gürlük terimlerine göre dağılımlarını
ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanmıştır. Kitapta yer alan 18 etüdün tamamı içerik analizi yapılarak incelenmiştir. Etütlerin genel olarak bir majör tonun hemen arkasından ilgili minörü olan ton
ile devam ettiği, tonların hiç değiştirici işaret almayan tondan 4 diyez ve 4 bemol alan tona doğru sıralandığı, etütlerde daha çok 3/4’lük ve 2/4 lük ölçülere yer verildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra 4/4’lük ve sebare
ölçü birimleri de görülmektedir. Basit ölçülerin yanı sıra aksak ölçü birimleri de etütler arasında yer almaktadır. Bunlara ek olarak etütlerde çoğunlukla staccato ve 2 bağlı tekniklerin çalıştırıldığı görülmektedir. Yapılan içerik
analizi sonucunda 18 etüdün 9’unun majör tonda geri kalan 9’unun ise bu majör tonların ilgili minörleri olduğu, ölçü birimi olarak basit ölçülerin yanı sıra aksak ölçülere de yer verildiği, bunun yanı sıra 2 dilli 2 bağlı 3,4,5,6,
ve 8 bağlı temalara da yer verildiği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Son olarak ise etütlerin tamamında piano, mezzoforte, forte ve cressendo nüanslarının çalışıldığı görülürken diminuendo nüansının sadece 8. Etüttte çalıştırıldığı sonucuna
varılmıştır. Teknik ve müzikal sorunlar dil teknikleri, nefes kullanımı ve yönetimi, doğru artiküle edememe şeklinde karşımıza çıkabileceği için benzer teknik çalışmaları ele alan etüt ve egzersizler bir başlık altında toplanması
önerilmiştir.
Exploring the Effect of Lutein on TGF-β/ SMAD2 Signalling Molecule Gene Expression in Lung Cancer Cells: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Aashruthaa Sekar , Roy Anitha , Elumalai Perumal
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly forms of cancer worldwide, accounting for a significant number of cancer-related deaths. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for lung cancer remains poor, emphasising the need for alternative and complementary therapeutic approaches. Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a crucial role in cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and immune regulation. Suppressor of Mothers against Decapentaplegic (SMAD), a well known transcription factor, plays an essential role in carcinogenesis. Lutein, a naturally occurring carotenoid. Recent studies have suggested that lutein possess anticancer properties and could potentially be used as a therapeutic agent against various types of cancer. Aim: To assess the effect of lutein on TGF-β/SMAD2 gene expression in lung cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The present in-vitro study was carried in the Cancer and Stem Cell Laboratory Facility, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from April 2023 to May 2023. The lung cancer cell line (A-549) was obtained from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India. Cell viability of lutein-treated lung cancer cells was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell morphology was studied using a phase contrast microscope. The gene expression of TGF-β/SMAD2 was analysed using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and the results were presented graphically as fold change. All data obtained were analysed by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Student’s t-test using PRISM software version 4. Results: The findings suggest that lutein had good cytotoxic effects on lung cancer cells. The Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was found to be 5.14 μM/mL. Lutein inhibited the TGF-β and SMAD2 gene expression signalling pathway and induced apoptosis in A549. Conclusion: Lutein significantly inhibited the TGF-β and SMAD2 gene expression signalling pathways, making it a potent anticancer drug. The downregulation of key genes involved in the TGF-β/SMAD2 pathway suggests a nuanced and intricate relationship between lutein and the regulatory mechanisms governing cellular signalling in lung cancer. These findings support the notion that lutein may exert a regulatory influence on the intricate balance of signalling cascades, offering a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention in lung cancer.
Immediate Effect of Mulligan Therapy on Pulmonary Function and Chest Expansion in Healthy Individuals: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Sarada Harsheeta , Verma Shaswat , Gupta Akriti
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Mulligan therapy includes Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides (SNAGs) and Mobilisation With Movement (MWM), which can be applied for spinal pain and Range of Motion (ROM). It helps to stretch the structures on the convex side of the offending movement and opens the intervertebral foramen. Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) is an important diagnostic test that helps guide decisions for management. Normal chest expansion is crucial for respiratory system function and tissue oxygenation. The contraction of external intercostal muscles moves the ribs upwards and outwards, causing the rib cage to expand, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity. After the age of 25 years, normal pulmonary function begins to decline. Inappropriate posture leads to reduced thoracic cage mobility, thereby decreasing chest expansion. Thoracic SNAGs and MWM help stretch the structures, which will aid in chest expansion. Aim: To determine the effect of Mulligan therapy on pulmonary function and chest expansion in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at Ramaiah Hospitals in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India over an 11-month period between July 2021 and June 2022. Based on the inclusion criteria, 103 participants were included, and Mulligan therapy was performed. Pre- and post-PFT and chest expansion measurements were taken and analysed using Student's t-test. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference in chest expansion at all three levels (p<0.001) and Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1) in the first second/Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (p=0.04), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) (p=0.03), Forced Inhibitory Volume in the first second (FIV1) (p=0.01), and FIV1/FIVC (p=0.03) values in the PFTs. Conclusion: Chest expansion and FEV1/FVC, PEF, FIV1, and FIV1/FIVC show a significant change post thoracic SNAGs, intercostal MWM, costochondral, and costovertebral MWM. However, no significant changes have been observed in the other parameters of pulmonary function.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ГРУППИРОВКИ ТАРАНИ RUTILUS RUTILUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) В АВАНДЕЛЬТЕ ДОНА В УСЛОВИЯХ УМЕНЬШЕНИЯ СТОКА ПРЕСНЫХ ВОД И ОСОЛОНЕНИЯ АЗОВСКОГО МОРЯ
Authors: Гуськов Г.Е. , Бухмин Д.А.
Published: July 2024

Приведены краткие сведения о тарани Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus. 1758) - полупроходной форме плотвы Азовского моря. Дан анализ изменения численности и уловов тарани в различные годы после зарегулирования речного стока Дона и осолонения моря. Повышение солености Азовского моря вследствие уменьшения стока пресных вод влияет на сокращение нагульных площадей и воспроизводство тарани. Результатом произошедших гидрологических и гидрохимических изменений стало перераспределение части популяции тарани в Таганрогский залив, а другой части - в менее осолоненные кубанские лиманы. Рассматривается состояние популяции тарани в восточной части Таганрогского залива и дельте р. Дон по данным 2023 г. Установлена связь между уменьшением количества тарани в уловах ставных сетей и повышением солености вод в восточной части Таганрогского залива. Представлены результаты исследования возрастной структуры группировки тарани в Таганрогском заливе и Свином гирле (дельта Дона). Дана характеристика физиологического состояния тарани, приведена информация о соотношении самок и самцов, а также о состоянии гонад рыб и о размерно-массовых показателях тарани в исследуемом районе. Отмечено возможное влияние Багаевского гидроузла на сокращение площади нерестилищ и, как следствие, на сокращение общей численности тарани.
Production and Quality Assessment of Plant-based Yoghurt from Coconut Milk Fortified with Date Syrup
Authors: Adejo Sylvester Obaike , Kemjie Konsum Linda , Forwoukeh Vachefon Heuvey , Yakum Kelly Ndombow , Egbeneje Victor
Published: July 2024

Aim: To evaluate the physicochemical, microbial, sensory attributes and storage stability of coconut yoghurt fortified with date syrup.
Methodology: Yoghurt was prepared from coconut milk and date syrup. Five samples were formulated as follows: T0 (100% cow milk), T1 (100% coconut milk), T2 (85% coconut milk, 15% date syrup), T3 (80% coconut milk, 20% date syrup), T4 (75% coconut milk, 25% date syrup) and T5 (70% coconut milk, 30% date syrup) The yoghurt samples were subjected to physicochemical and microbial analysis using standard methods. The sensory attributes assessed were appearance, aroma, taste, consistency and overall acceptability. The pH, titratable acidity and viscosity were evaluated during 4 weeks of storage at refrigerated condition (4- 6o c).
Results: From the result, pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, and total solid ranged from 4.50 - 4.41%, 0.82 – 0.94%, 12.0 -72.40 cP and 11.64 – 18.81% respectively. These parameters increased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in the proportion of date syrup. The result showed a significant increase in ash, protein, carbohydrate, and fiber with a corresponding decrease in fat and moisture content as the proportion of date syrup increased. The total bacterial count ranged from 6.95 - 8.20cfu/ml, with Yeast, molds and coliforms undetected. The produced yoghurt samples all have quality attributes of animal milk yoghurt and better storage stability.
Conclusion: Therefore, production of commercial yoghurt using plant-based milk (coconut milk) blended with nutritiously rich sweeteners like date fruit is encouraged.
The Effect of Customer Experience on Repurchase Intention Through Customer Satisfaction Virtual Products Game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang in Cimahi City, Indonesia
Authors: Irsyadi Faiz , Putra Hariyadi Triwahyu
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of customer experience dimensions, namely sensory experience, emotional experience, and social experience on repurchase intention through customer satisfaction of the Mobile Legends: Bang Bang virtual game product in Cimahi City. A total of 150 respondents who have played the Mobile Legends: Bang Bang game and have bought the Mobile Legends: Bang Bang game virtual product are the sample in this study. The cross-sectional or one-shot study method was used to obtain data. The research instrument has been declared to have passed the validity and reliability test. The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling (SEM) using the help of Smart-PLS version 3.0. The results showed that of the ten hypotheses proposed, all hypotheses had a positive influence. Sensory experience, emotional experience, and social experience influence repurchase intention both directly and indirectly through customer satisfaction.
The Usage of Android Phone and the Academic Performance of the Grade 10 Students in Jose Abad Santos National High School
Authors: Tague Ariel P. , Pablo Jimel O. , Franca Glenford C.
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to determine the impact of Android phones on the academic performance of Grade 10 students in Jose Abad Santos National High School. The study employed a descriptive-correlational research design. Were 182 respondents selected using a stratified random sampling technique who responded to the adapted survey guide questionnaire? The frequency count and percentage, mean, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient were the statistical tools used.
Most respondents were 17-18 years old, female, used Vivo android phone, and had average socio-economic status. The usage of Android phones occasionally used by the respondents, in particular in the cognitive aspect. The average grade of the Grade 10 students in the first grading period of the school year 2022-2023 was 83.09 indicating that their academic performance was approaching proficiency level—a significant relationship was found between the usage of Android phones and academic performance of the Grade 10 students.
Moreover, the findings indicated that there was a significant relationship between the Android phone and academic performance of the Grade 10 students particularly their cognitive aspects in which the students develop their mental skills and acquisition of knowledge.
Impact of Water Quality on the Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus in Fish Farms within Fako Division, Cameroon
Authors: Nchegang Benjamin , Enow Tabe Maxwell , Nkongho Geneva Ojong , Tan Paul Vernyuy
Published: July 2024

Aquaculture in South-West Cameroon has evolved although not exponentially due to a qualified workforce. The problem of water quality in fish farms that could be associated with poor feeding and water quality management impacts the life of aquatic animals. Fish needs a healthy environment for its optimal growth and development (case study of Catfish). The objective of this studied was to determine the impact of water quality on the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus in some fish farms within Fako Division-South West Region of Cameroon. Material and methods: The method used in this research topic is descriptive, with 4 different localities, namely IRAD Batoke (A), Bakingili (B), Cornelius Fish Center (C) and Oumarou fish farm (D) Mile 2 Limbe. Collection of physicochemical and biological data was conducted from the period of March 8th to May 15th 2023 in Fako Division. Results: The results revealed highest mean temperature value (28.22±0.94ºC) in IRAD Batoke broodstocks tanks while Cornelius fish Center had the highest mean pH, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solid with values of 8.16±1.25; 0.84±0.35 ms/cm; and 0.38±1.8ppt in the broodstocks tanks and table fish tanks. The highest dissolved oxygen (<8mg/l); highest nitrite level (<0.025 mg/l) and highest Ammonium (<0.05 mg/l) were noted in three localities except the Bakingili locality. The physicochemical parameters of water had no negative impacts on the growth performance of this species. Conclusion: The results of physicochemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, NH4, NO2, O2 obtained during the study experienced a relative variation and were very suitable for the growth and development of Clarias gariepinus.
Low-grade Gliomas in Children
Authors: Bittmann Stefan
Published: July 2024

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are primary tumors of the central nervous system, originating from malignant transformation of cells in the brain or spinal cord. They are distinct from metastatic cancers that spread to the CNS from other parts of the body. While low-grade gliomas can occur throughout the nervous system, they are most commonly found in the cerebellum and central regions of the cerebrum, including the optic pathway and hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The growth of low-grade gliomas varies, with some tumors growing slowly and remaining localized, while others may progress rapidly and aggressively. Due to the limited space within the skull, the growth of a tumor can potentially damage critical areas of the brain, posing a risk to the patient's life. Although the risk of metastasis through the cerebrospinal fluid is generally low, children diagnosed with optic pathway gliomas at a young age may have a slightly increased risk of developing metastases. Research focus on new targets to treat this rare group of brain cancer in childhood.
Wingbeat Frequency in Small and Large-sized Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster, in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Mathew Isaac L. , Singh Deepak
Published: July 2024

Drosophila melanogaster was evaluated for wingbeat frequencies based on its general body size.  Apart from the critical role of flight in foraging, competing for a mate and evading predators, its flight tone is crucial in intraspecific auditory communication. The average wing beat frequencies during free flight of local Drosophila melanogaster was found to range from 215.63 ±5.26 to 261.20 ±6.53 Hz, from the smallest to large-sized flies respectively. The significant difference in wingbeat frequency between the two groups is due to the distinct differences in wing size and body weight. Variations seen within the group is a function of several factors like insect body weight, wing dimensions, age, metabolic status, locomotory requirements and ambient climatic conditions.
Geographical Indications of Vegetable Crops in India- Role in Farmer’s Empowerment and Agro-biodiversity Management
Authors: Reddy Jakkireddy Rajashekar , Prasanna P. A. Lakshmi
Published: July 2024

In this paper an attempt has been made to study role of Geographical Indications (GIs) in farmers’ empowerment and biodiversity management focusing on vegetable crops GIs. Data was collected from GI registry website. Till 2023-24, 200 agricultural GIs were registered constituting 31 percent of total GIs registered in India. Total number of registered GIs in vegetables was 32 constituting 16 percent of agricultural GIs. In case of 19 vegetable GIs, farmers’ organizations were the exclusive registered owners of GIs indicating farmers’ empowerment. But only with respect to 13 vegetable GIs, authorised users were registered till 2023-24, indicating gap and lag in effective use of GIs in farmers’ empowerment. Registered vegetables GIs were spread across 10 crops. Maximum number of GIs were registered in chilli crop (14) and it was followed by brinjal (6). 32 Vegetable GIs registered in India were spread across 16 states. Maharashtra state had highest number of vegetable GIs i.e., 5 followed by Goa (4) and Kerala (4). Registered GIs in chilli crop was spread across 13 states. 6 GIs in brinjal were spread across 6 states. Similarly, 3 GIs in garlic and onion were spread across 3 states.  This pattern indicates potential role of GIs in agro-biodiversity conservation.
Effectiveness of Seed Priming and Fertilizer Levels on Nutrient Available and Uptake in Rabi Maize
Authors: Choudhary Khemendra , Pankhaniya Ramesh M. , Choudhary Mahendra , Choudhary Raghuveer , Pareek Akshay , Gurjar Satya Narayan , Ram Ganesha
Published: July 2024

The present investigation was conducted during the rabi season of 2019-20 at College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, India. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with factorial concept (FRBD) with ten treatment combinations consisting of two factors which consists seed priming, Control (No priming), Seed priming with water for 12 hrs., Seed priming with 0.5% KCl for 12 hrs., Seed priming with 0.5% KMnO4 for 12 hrs., Seed priming with 0.5% KH2PO4 for 12 hrs and fertilizer levels, 75% RDF (112.5+45+00, N: P2O5: K2O kg/ha) and 100 RDF (150+60+00, N: P2O5: K2O kg/ha). Treatments are replicated three times. The result indicated Seed priming with 0.5% KH2PO4 for 12 hrs recorded significantly higher NPK uptake in grain (90.75, 12.99, 36.27 kg/ha respectively), straw (59.96, 13.70, 111.25 kg/ha respectively), total uptake (150.71, 26.69, 147.52 kg/ha respectively) and available NP (207.0, 39.67 kg/ha respectively) in soil after harvest of crop as compared to other treatments. In case of fertilizer levels recorded significantly higher N content in grain (1.99%) and straw (0.73%), higher NPK uptake by grain (93.48, 12.95, 36.56 kg/ha, respectively) and straw (63.39, 13.70, 112.89 kg/ha, respectively), total uptake (63.39, 13.70, 112.89 kg/ha, respectively) and available NP (212.60, 40.73 kg/ha respectively) in soil after harvest of crop in treatment of 100% RDF (150+60+00, N: P2O5: K2O kg/ha). Treatment combination S5F2: (KH2PO4 at 0.5 % for 12 hrs with 100% RDF i.e., 150+60+00, N: P2O5: K2O kg/ha) recorded significantly higher N (109.9 kg/ha) uptake by grain and total N (178.21 kg/ha) uptake by crop as compared to other treatments. Thus a combination of Seed priming 0.5% KH2PO4 for 12 hrs with 100% RDF (150+60+00, N: P2O5: K2O kg/ha) helps in increasing total NPK uptake in crop and available NP in soil after harvest of rabi maize without negative influence on plant and the environment.
Effectiveness of Acupuncture, Physiotherapy, Chiropractic and Medication in Chronic Back Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: AK Huseyin Erdem , Virk Ghazala S. , Nazmin Farhana , Afridi Masooma , Masmoum Mohd. Diya , Altaf Shaf A.
Published: July 2024

Millions of people suffer from lower back pain, which has social, economic, and health consequences. One of the most difficult areas to effectively manage is Chronic Low Back Pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the effectiveness exclusive of surgery, including acupuncture, physiotherapy or medication (NSAIDs), chiropractic procedure, or mental therapy as advised by WHO guidelines. Thirteen studies were reviewed investigating the effect of these treatments on pain relief, functional improvement, and patient satisfaction. Pain scores, functional improvements, and patient satisfaction in the acupuncture group were superior to placebo. Adherence to physiotherapy and patient satisfaction was also good. Substantially less differential added benefits emerged from complementary intervention acupuncture (encircled in red), resulting in moderate to low satisfaction levels compared to medication, especially physiotherapy. Chiropractic effectively decreased LBP and improved function, and participants were generally very satisfied. Mental therapy provided psychological support that alleviated pain intensity and promoted improved physical function, significantly increasing the satisfaction level in these patients as part of their overall pain relief. Nonsurgical treatments, such as acupuncture (Acumoxa), physiotherapy medication, and chiropractic mental therapy, are result-oriented in relieving symptoms of CLBP. Patient satisfaction was highest for acupuncture and medication. Nonetheless, differences in research methodology and population characteristics are likely to make generalizations of what we can learn from the results a more challenging task. Future studies should improve on these limitations and the long-term safety/efficacy of these treatments. Only if alternative treatments like chiropractic and mental therapy, as suggested by WHO, are integrated in management, a line of approach for CLBP will be completed.
Eco- friendly Management of Root Rot Disease in Cowpea Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: Pandya Kajalben S , Meena R L , Chaudhari K R , Patel K K
Published: July 2024

The research was conducted on evaluation of biological agents and organic amendments against Macrophomina phaseolina of cowpea at The Department of Plant Pathology, S. D. Agricultural University Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat during2018-2019. Seven known antagonists were tested in vitro for their antagonism to M. phaseolina using dual culture method. T. harzianum (Sardarkrushinagar) and T. viride (Sardarkrushinagar) were potent antagonists of M. phaseolina. The six organic amendments at three different concentrations were tested against M. phaseolina by poisoned food technique in vitro. Significantly least mycelium growth of M. phaseolina was recorded in the extract of neem cake followed by mustard cake. Vermicompost and Farm yard manure were less effective against M. phaseolina.
Revolutionizing Farm Management with Modern Agricultural Extension Techniques: A Review
Authors: Jadhav Abhishek , K N Manohar , C M Rajesh , R Rahul Prasad , K Anil , Bhat Prahlad P , V Jagadeesh
Published: July 2024

The transformative impact of modern agricultural extension techniques on farm management in India, highlighting the integration of digital technologies, precision agriculture, and innovative management systems to enhance productivity and sustainability. Traditional farming practices in India, characterized by low efficiency and productivity, are undergoing significant changes with the introduction of technologies such as mobile apps, remote sensing, GIS, and sensor-based systems. These technologies facilitate improved crop monitoring, resource mapping, and data-driven decision-making, leading to enhanced crop yields, resource efficiency, and economic benefits. Notably, precision agriculture technologies like automated systems and IoT have enabled real-time, precision farming practices that significantly reduce resource waste and increase crop productivity. However, the adoption of these modern techniques is not without challenges. Issues such as accessibility, the digital divide, economic constraints, and the need for continuous training hinder widespread implementation. The review also discusses policy recommendations for supporting the adoption of these technologies, including increased government investment in infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, and capacity building. The integration of these modern techniques with global agricultural trends-especially those aimed at sustainability and climate change adaptation-is crucial for the future of Indian agriculture. By leveraging advanced technologies and aligning with global standards, India can not only enhance its agricultural productivity but also improve the socio-economic status of its rural population, contributing to broader economic and environmental goals.