bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Territorial and administrative division of the left bank of the Volga River (side of Prince Fedor Borisovich) of the Rzheva Volodimerova district in the first quarter of the XVII century.: application of GIS technologies.
Authors: Bogdanov Vladimir Olegovich , Lagutkina Elena Viktorovna
Published: December 2023

The object of the study is the volosts and camps of the left bank of the Volga River (half of Prince Fyodor Borisovich) of the Rzhev Volodimerov district in the first quarter of the XVII century. The main source in this work is the scribal and boundary book of Rzheva Volodimerova "Prince Fedorov's sides of Borisovich" letters and measures of Leonty Skobeltsyn and the clerk Makar Chukarin 1624-1625. In total, the source provides information on 2,691 toponyms. The subject of the study included the localization and characteristics of the geography of the volosts, the allocation of "assigned" ones from other counties among them, the identification of the causes and chronology of their entry into the Rzhev Volodimerov county, the study of the dynamics of the development of the territory of the county from the end of the XV century to the 1620s. The work was carried out using geoinformation technologies based on the methodology of localization of toponyms of scribal description with using sources of the XVIII-XIX centuries. The use of geoinformation technologies in the work on the continuous localization of toponyms of the scribal description of the county allowed us to get a more detailed idea of the location of the administrative boundaries of volosts and camps. Such a feature of the territorial organization of the county as the interlaced location of the lands of a number of volosts and camps has been revealed. The vagueness of some internal boundaries of the county is a reflection of the instability of its territorial organization, due to the dynamics of population and land ownership during the XVI-XVII centuries. Among the causes of this phenomenon are border conflicts, oprichnina, and ruin during the period of Troubles. The work with the assembly material allowed us to establish the key role of the oprichnina in increasing the size of the territory of the county in the second half of the XVI century. Thus, the results obtained became the basis not only for clarifying the boundaries of the county of the XVII century, but also for their formation in historical dynamics during the late XV – XVI centuries.
“Digital Humanities-2023” in Graz live: ideas, methods and pumpkin seed oil
Authors: Volodin Andrey Urievich
Published: December 2023

The article presents the observations of a live participant of the “Digital Humanities -2023”, held in Graz, Austria in the summer of 2023. The “Digital Humanities” Congress is held annually by the Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO). Digital Humanities (DH) are at the intersection of computing or digital technologies and the disciplines of the humanities. It involves the development and use of digital resources and methods in the humanities, as well as the analysis of their application. DH scholarship means collaborative, transdisciplinary, and computationally engaged research, teaching, and publishing. The annual ADHO Conference on Digital Humanities is the central and largest event of the international Digital Humanities community and brings together scholars from around the world, providing them with a unique opportunity to exchange ideas and research results, and to promote future collaboration. Particular attention is paid to historical issues presented at the congress, both in workshops and at section meetings and poster presentations. Statistical observations are presented, and a frequency analysis of the occurrence of keywords is carried out. The main conclusion of the study is the observed trend towards an increase in historical reports, posters and workshops. A noticeable increase in interest in historical sources, historical databases and geographic information systems, and virtual reconstruction of the past using a wide range of digital humanities research tools is noticeable (in comparison with the programs and publications of past Digital Humanities congresses). The 2023 conference theme, “Collaboration as an Opportunity,” is about the transdisciplinary and transnational collaboration, showing how increased cross-national collaboration—across continents and geopolitical locations—can transform regional knowledge hubs into international networks of excellence in research for the benefit of the global digital humanities community. Historians have firmly taken their place in contemporary digital humanities research.
Education for sustainable clothing consumerism?
Authors: Hofverberg Hanna , Franzén Johnny , Maivorsdotter Ninitha
Published: December 2023

This paper sheds light on how aesthetic judgments govern actions in education for design literacy and sustainability behaviours. Educational material is examined by asking: (1) What meanings regarding becoming a sustainable consumer are made available to students in the educational material? (2) How are these narratives communicated to change students’ behaviours? The material in question consists of 17 design projects intended to be used in the Swedish school subject, Educational Sloyd. Using a practical epistemological analysis, two ways of becoming a sustainable consumer are identified: to have fun and to feel clever. The paper also shows how social marketing is used as a strategy in communicating how to change student behaviours. In the discussion, we turn to design literacy research to discuss the results from an educational perspective.
The Digitalization of Studio Practices and Its Impact on the Development of Design Literacy of First-Year Architecture Students
Authors: Yorgancıoğlu Derya , Kömez Dağlıoğlu Esin
Published: December 2023

Digital skills are emphasized in the ongoing process of digital transformation in higher education. In this article, digital literacy is discussed within the broader perspective of design literacy and the acceleration of the digitalization process of first-year design education at the time of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020 is highlighted. The article interrogates the role of digital skills in the development of design literacy of first-year architecture students through a multiple case analysis of ARCH 101 design studio practices executed in the Bachelor of Architecture programmes at the Özyeğin University, Department of Architecture and the Middle East Technical University, Department of Architecture. The digitalization processes of ARCH 101 studios increased rapidly when the COVID-19 pandemic started and resulted in the integration of digital tools into basic design education in ways that transformed (1) the communication modalities and the representation and research strategies used by students, and (2) the understanding and methodologies of the design process when used as generative design tools.
Más allá de Habermas sin olvidar a Habermas: de la necesidad de pensar críticamente los universalismos
Authors: Dupuis Marambio Harold , Samaniego Sastre Mario
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo, inmersos en dos de las tradiciones que dan cuerpo al pensamiento crítico (la Escuela de Frankfurt y el pensamiento crítico intercultural), nos proponemos desarrollar algunos lineamientos para seguir pensando en un necesario y renovado universalismo. Para desarrollar este objetivo, indagaremos en algunas categorías centrales del pensamiento de Habermas al igual que en algunas de las críticas recibidas. Habermas es un buen punto de partida, ya que además de superar la visión pesimista y catastrófica de la primera generación de la Escuela de Frankfurt sobre el futuro de la humanidad, yendo más allá de las razones instrumental y estratégica, con la emergencia de la acción comunicativa, instala una racionalidad trasformadora, universal, en la que el vínculo entre actores y hablantes va a desempeñar un papel fundamental. La meta no es sustituir su universalismo, ni tampoco negarlo, sino complejizarlo.
La causa del sujeto desde el pensamiento crítico latinoamericano. Aportes desde el filósofo chileno Sergio Romero González
Authors: Valdés Norambuena Cristián
Published: December 2023

Se aborda la cuestión del sujeto en su dimensión ético-política en vista de superar su interpretación en régimen de sujeto débil (faible) y entrar en una consideración en régimen de sujeto fuerte, en clave de su potencia (puissance) como agente de transformación y acción política emancipatoria. Este enfoque lo tomamos en general de la tesis profundizada por el filósofo belga Maesschalck sobre la cuestión de la causa del sujeto, lo que nos permitirá exponer algunos puntos de articulación y eventuales aportes que se pueden realizar desde el filósofo chileno Romero González acerca de un pensamiento situado.
¡A la calle compañeros! Dictadura, politización de la experiencia escolar y movilización secundaria. Una aproximación a partir del Movimiento Aplicacionista por la Democracia. Sebastián Neut Aguayo y Pablo Neut Aguayo (2022). Editorial Sole, 419 pp.
Authors: Quintana-Susarte Sebastián
Published: December 2023

Reseña libro. ¡A la calle compañeros! Dictadura, politización de la experiencia escolar y movilización secundaria. Una aproximación a partir del Movimiento Aplicacionista por la Democracia. Sebastián Neut Aguayo y Pablo Neut Aguayo (2022). Editorial Sole, 419 pp.
Reivindicando memorias, recomponiendo itinerarios: experiencias, fricciones y expectativas en la construcción de una “ruta de la memoria” en la región de Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Van Diest Camila
Published: December 2023

Durante los últimos años, las iniciativas de memorialización de las espacialidades del terrorismo de Estado en Chile se han multiplicado, incluyendo distintas escalas y formatos. En este contexto, el artículo explora la construcción de una “ruta de la memoria” en la región de Valparaíso, a partir de la experiencia de los actores ciudadanos e institucionales que la llevan adelante. Para ello, se analizan las colaboraciones, prácticas y reivindicaciones que acompañan la materialización del proyecto en distintas localidades de la región. En base a una investigación cualitativa— que integró entrevistas en profundidad y observaciones etnográficas— se argumenta que la búsqueda de la reparación simbólica que guía este emprendimiento de memoria se articula fuertemente a representaciones y reclamaciones asociadas a una dimensión regional. El trabajo sostiene que tanto la patrimonialización de los sitios que componen la ruta, como los conflictos y expectativas que se generan en torno a la iniciativa a lo largo del tiempo, resultan significativos para comprender los modos en que se disputan las memorias sociales en sus terrenos concretos. A partir de esta discusión, la investigación busca contribuir a problematizar el vínculo entre procesos de memorialización y producción social de territorios en contextos locales y regionales.
Reinterpretando la ecología de saberes y la traducción intercultural desde la construcción pluricultural del conocimiento
Authors: Valderrama Ivan , Sepúlveda Varas Ximena
Published: December 2023

El trabajo se propone explorar los aspectos centrales de las gramáticas de producción del conocimiento y sus proyecciones como criterios de validez, o invisibilización, para la integración de éstos al reservorio cultural de las comunidades humanas. A partir del análisis y discusión de las categorías de “ecología de saberes”; “traducción intercultural” y “recontextualización” se busca desentrañar cómo estas estructuras de conocimiento se transforman en marcadores de relaciones sociales. Se concluye haciendo una valoración crítica de las posibilidades que la praxis social de recontextualizar el conocimiento supone a la hora de valorar el conocimiento tradicional indígena como saber constitutivo del reservorio de conocimientos que estructuran el pensar desde sus contextos culturales.
POST-PANDEMIC INNOVATION PRACTICES IN MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM-SIZED FIRMS IN THE STATE OF GUANAJUATO
Authors: CUEVAS-VARGAS Héctor , LARIOS-FERRER José Leonel , CRUZ-ÁVALOS Ana Martha , COSSIO-VARGAS Enrique
Published: December 2023

The pandemic caused by the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has compelled many companies to prioritize innovation strategies in order to survive. Consequently, this cross-sectional empirical study employed a quantitative approach to assess the level of innovation achieved through frugal innovation practices by micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the post-pandemic era in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. A survey-type questionnaire was randomly administered to a sample of 58 companies. Stepwise discriminant analysis, utilizing Wilks' Lambda method, was applied to analyze the data. The results demonstrate that, during the crisis, the most influential variables in explaining the level of innovation are the significant reduction in the price of products or services and their durability, both regarded as frugal innovation practices. Consequently, decision-makers should establish frugal ecosystems that enable cost reduction while emphasizing the functionality and performance of their products or services.
DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATION IN THE BANKING SECTOR – CUSTOMER'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: DYBKA Sławomir , CYRAN Kazimierz
Published: December 2023

The article focuses on innovation and its importance for customers in the banking sector. The literature review and the results of own research prove that innovations in banking representing a technical, organizational and product form, and achieve varying degrees of interest and acceptance from customers. This aspect is important because, apart from technical feasibility and process suitability, customer opinions are crucial. Especially if, through innovation, managers strive to improve their market position and attract customers. The collected data indicate that innovations so far have limited importance in the decision to choose a bank, although it is a noticeable factor. Also resolute rejection of some innovations is disputable as to the causes and possibilities of changing the client's approach.
Road traffic injuries and alcohol use in the emergency department in Tanzania: a case-crossover study
Authors: Staton Catherine
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Alcohol is the leading risk factor for road traffic injury (RTI). Africa has the second-highest rate of alcohol dependence and the highest road traffic fatality rate. We describe the proportion of Tanzanian emergency department (ED) patients presenting with RTIs who are blood alcohol content (BAC) positive and determine the dose-response relationship between drinking and injury risk.Methods: Analysis of data from EDs in Tanzania from 2013 to 2014 was performed. Adults presenting to an ED within 6 hours of injury had BAC testing and were asked whether and how much alcohol was consumed prior to the injury. Data also included self-reported alcohol use during control periods 1 day and 1 week prior to the injury. Case-crossover analysis of injury risk used logistic regression to determine matched-pair odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Of 513 injury patients, 375 (73%) suffered RTIs. Overall, 29% of RTI patients were BAC-positive. Approximately 40% of those who reported using alcohol prior to RTI reported drinking more than 5 standard drinks. With any alcohol, drivers of both motorcycles and cars/trucks had increased odds of RTI (4.90 OR (CI 2.5-9.5) and 5.70 OR (CI 2.8-11.6) respectively). While the odds of RTI in car/truck drivers demonstrated a dose-dependent response, that in motorcyclists was highest after 3-4 drinks (5.60 OR, CI 2.22-14.10).Discussion: The RTI burden in Tanzania is high. Any alcohol can increase RTI risk. These findings should guide drunk-driving legislation.
Titanium Multi‐Topology Metamaterials with Exceptional Strength
Authors: Noronha Jordan , Dash Jason , Rogers Jason , Leary Martin , Brandt Milan , Qian Ma
Published: December 2023

Additively manufactured metamaterials are architectured cellular materials that can be engineered through structural innovations to achieve unusual mechanical and multifunctional properties. Among these, hollow‐strut lattice (HSL) metamaterials have proven to allow outstanding structural efficiency, with a multifunctional architecture ideal for lightweight, biomedical, microfluidic, and thermal engineering. To capitalize on their structural efficiency and significantly extend their mechanical envelope, a thin‐plate lattice topology is seamlessly integrated into the inner hollow space of an HSL topology. This integration serves a dual purpose: to radically enhance the resistance of the irregular HSL nodes to deformation and to uniformly distribute the applied stresses in the new topology for unparalleled strength. Fabricated in titanium alloy Ti‐6Al‐4V with densities of 1.0–1.8 g cm−3 , this thin‐plate integrated hollow‐strut lattice (TP‐HSL) metamaterials achieve relative yield strength that well surpasses the empirical upper limit of all cellular metals, including HSL and solid‐strut lattice (SSL) metamaterials made from various metallic alloys. Furthermore, their absolute yield strength drastically exceeds that of magnesium alloys with comparable densities while inheriting the high corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, heat resistance, and other unique attributes of Ti‐6Al‐4V. Titanium multi‐topology metamaterials expand the boundaries of lightweight multifunctional metallic materials.
Regioselective Reductive Elimination from Bismuth(V) Compounds for Aryl Transfer to Nucleophiles
Authors: Debnath Shuvra , DiMagno Stephen G. , Wink Donald J. , Lemley Audra G. , Kelly James M.
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate that regioselective aryl transfer to the nucleophile occurs rapidly under mild conditions via reductive elimination and show that regioselectivity is primarily governed by steric factors imparted by ortho substituents on the recipient ring. Computational modeling and x‐ray crystallography confirm that the recipient aryl ring is positioned in the equatorial coordination site and oriented orthogonally to the axial X−Bi−Ph bond (X=nucleophile) in a trigonal bipyramidal structure. The orientation of the ortho‐substituted aryl ring allows the appropriate orbital to overlap between its ipso carbon and nucleophile, which enhances the rate of aryl transfer to the nucleophile and dictates the regioselective reductive elimination from Bi(V) compounds. This level of stereoelectronic control results in significantly enhanced reaction rate and selectivity and creates an opportunity to rationally design ligand systems for selective aryl transfer reactions.
Connections between reproductive health and cognitive aging among women enrolled in the HCHS/SOL and SOL‐INCA
Authors: Stickel Ariana M. , Tarraf Wassim , Kuwayama Sayaka , Wu Benson , Sundermann Erin E. , Gallo Linda C. , Lamar Melissa , Daviglus Martha , Zeng Donglin , Thyagarajan Bharat , Isasi Carmen R. , Lipton Richard B. , Cordero Christina , Perreira Krista M. , Gonzalez Hector M. , Banks Sarah J.
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION

Reproductive health history may contribute to cognitive aging and risk for Alzheimer's disease, but this is understudied among Hispanic/Latina women.

METHODS

Participants included 2126 Hispanic/Latina postmenopausal women (44 to 75 years) from the Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging. Survey linear regressions separately modeled the associations between reproductive health measures (age at menarche, history of oral contraceptive use, number of pregnancies, number of live births, age at menopause, female hormone use at Visit 1, and reproductive span) with cognitive outcomes at Visit 2 (performance, 7‐year change, and mild cognitive impairment [MCI] prevalence).

RESULTS

Younger age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, lower pregnancies, lower live births, and older age at menopause were associated with better cognitive performance. Older age at menarche was protective against cognitive change. Hormone use was linked to lower MCI prevalence.

DISCUSSION

Several aspects of reproductive health appear to impact cognitive aging among Hispanic/Latina women.
Obstructive azoospermia caused by epididymis injury with testicle rupture on the other side
Authors: Ueda Takayuki , Yanagi Masato , Katsu Akifumi , Kono Hiroyoshi , Kimata Ryoji , Hamasaki Tsutomu , Kondo Yukihiro
Published: December 2023

Background

Epididymal injuries without ipsilateral injuries of the testicles are rare. We report a case of a solitary right epididymal injury complicated by left testicular rupture.

Case Presentation

A 21‐year‐old man experienced scrotal trauma caused by a motorcycle accident. Bilateral swelling and tenderness of the scrotum were observed. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a ruptured left testicle; therefore, surgery was performed. During surgery, the left testicle was excised because it was completely ruptured, and the right testicle and epididymis were evaluated to identify the cause of swelling of the right scrotum. The right testis was not injured; however, the right epididymis was lacerated. Subsequently, the lacerated right epididymis was repaired using sutures. A semen analysis performed at 1, 4, and 7 months after surgery revealed the absence of sperm in the semen.

Conclusion

Epididymal injuries should be considered as differential diagnoses for scrotal trauma.
Deciphering the genetic architecture of anther culturability in rice using segregation distortion approach
Authors: Dai Yuting , Hu Qiyan , Ye Junhua , Tu Rongjian , Xie Kaizhen , Qiu Yue , Cheng Can , Zhou Jihua , Niu Fuan , Sun Bin , Zhang Anpeng , Zeng Yanhua , Cao Liming , Chu Huangwei
Published: December 2023

Anther culture is a promising technique used in rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding, although the genetic mechanisms associated with anther culturability remain elusive. In the process of in vitro anther culture, favorable alleles for anther culture are preferentially transmitted to doubled haploid (DH) populations, resulting in biased segregation of DH populations. Therefore, the segregation distortion (SD) method is an ideal approach for mapping the genetic loci controlling anther culturability. Performing a SD analysis using a genetic map consisting of 666 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we identified five potential loci (logarithm of odds [LOD] > 3.5) that may be associated with anther culturability, including SDL2 and SDL3, which are overrepresented in japonica alleles, and SDL7, SDL9, and SDL11, which are overrepresented in indica alleles. In addition, nine pairs of epistatic interactions (EPIs) that contribute significantly (p < 0.05) to SD in the DH population were identified. Among them, the interaction between SDL2 and SDL3 is particularly noteworthy. These findings suggest that anther culturability in rice is governed by complex genetic mechanisms involving multiple nuclear genes and EPIs. This study provides insights into the genetic control underlying anther culturability in rice and lays the foundation for future research aimed at identifying causal genes associated with anther culturability.
PF465 UPREGULATION OF CD276 IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS OF MURINE AND PDX ACUTE MYELOID LEUKAEMIA MODELS
Authors: Batsivari A. , Passaro D. , Chakravarty P. , Albornoz M.G. , Diana G. , Ariza McNaughton L. , Abarrategi A. , Bonnet D.
Published: December 2023

Background:

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside atop of the blood hierarchy and localise in the bone marrow (BM). Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is caused by accumulation of mutations in the stem cell compartment, which blocks the differentiation of the myeloid lineage. AML also modulates the BM microenvironment but the mechanisms of action are largely unknown. We and others, demonstrated recently that BM marrow vasculature is damaged in AML engrafted mice (Passaro et al. 2017; Duarte et al. 2018). The arterioles are increased, while the sinusoidal endothelial cells are vastly decreased. In order to understand the mechanism underlining this change, we previously performed RNA‐sequencing of CD31+ endothelial cells (ECs) extracted from healthy and leukemic mice.

Aims:

This project aims to identify key processes that play a role in the crosstalk between AML cells and BM microenvironment and test whether modulating these niche factors can improve the current therapeutic regimen. Thus, herein we focused on the potential role of CD276 on ECs of AML engrafted mice.

Methods:

RNAseq of BM ECs from non‐transplanted or AML Patients’ Derived Xenograft (PDX) mice was performed. Flow cytometry and immunostaining of BM ECs were performed. ShRNA against CD276 is being used to define the effect of its knockdown in ECs on leukaemia engraftment in our 3D humanised scaffold model. Blocking antibodies against CD276 will also be tested in vivo.

Results:

Analysis of the RNAseq data showed that CD276 (B7‐H3) gene is among the top 100 differentially expressed genes and is particularly upregulated in ECs of AML engrafted mice. It has been demonstrated that CD276 is overexpressed specifically in ECs of solid tumours and its blockade leads to tumour shrinkage (Seaman et al. 2017). The protein network map of CD276 indicated that it can participate in immune responses as well as adhesion signalling pathways. Indeed, there are several such genes deregulated in the leukemic ECs suggesting that CD276 might have a functional role in transforming the BM niche. CD276 overexpression was validated in ECs PDX and murine AML models. Moreover, we also observed this upregulation in human ECs by using our humanised scaffolds seeded with AML cell lines.

Summary/Conclusion:

So far, our RNAseq analysis of healthy and leukemic PDX mice shows that CD276 is being upregulated in ECs. We confirmed this upregulation at the protein level both using mouse and human ECs. Our next step is to determine the consequence of CD276 downregulation on leukaemia engraftment.
PF473 PEDIATRIC HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: DISPARITIES IN SURVIVAL BY RACE
Authors: Khullar K. , Rivera‐Núñez Z. , Jhawar S. , Drachtman R. , Cole P. , Hoppe B. , Parikh R.
Published: December 2023

Background:

The association between race and survival has not been well established for patients with pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL).

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to examine the disparities in overall survival (OS) by race in a large cohort of patients with pediatric HL.

Methods:

We evaluated clinical features and survival outcomes among patients ≤21 years of age diagnosed with stage I‐IV HL from 2004 to 2015 from the prospectively collected National Cancer DataBase (NCDB). The association between patient‐reported race and OS was assessed in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:

Among 11,546 patients with pediatric HL ≤21 years of age within the NCDB, a total of 9,285 patients with stage I‐IV disease were eligible for this study, with a median follow‐up of 5 years. The race status was as follows: 7,722 (83%) White; 1,136 (12%) Black, and 427 (5%) other. Black patients were found to be younger (<15), lower stage at diagnosis, more commonly with “B” symptoms, less likely to have nodular‐sclerosis histology, more likely to be lower income and education quartiles, and under/uninsured (all p < 0.01). Treatment interventions among races was similar (use of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or combined modality therapy). Patients of Black race experienced a 5‐year OS of 91.5% vs. 95.9% compared to their White counterparts (p < 0.01). This difference in OS persisted across all stratified stages (I‐IV). When adjusting for all co‐variates, Black race was associated with significantly decreased OS (HR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.12–1.99, p < 0.01). In risk factor stratification by race,age <15, stage IV disease, presence of B symptoms, use of radiation, and income were prognostic factors for OS in White patients, but not for Black patients. Effect measure modification was also utilized to assess the interaction between socioeconomic parameters (education/income/insurance status) and race and no significant interaction was found. In sensitivity analysis including age groups of ≤15 years, 16–18 years, and >18 years of age, Black race was associated with poorer OS among all age groups compared to Whites with rates of 95.4% vs 97.7%, 87.1% vs 96.1%, and 91.6% vs 94.6% respectively.

Summary/Conclusion:

Our study reveals that among pediatric patients with HL, Black race was associated with lower overall survival, across all disease stages and pediatric age groups. To our knowledge, this study represents the largest dataset examining the role of race on survival for pediatric patients with HL. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the causes of these differences in order to facilitate optimal treatment of pediatric HL patients in the era of risk‐stratified, response‐based treatment.

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Localization of an IgE epitope of glycinin A2 peptide chain
Authors: Li Yingying , Gao Yida , Wang Yichao , Duan Yuying , Fu Yang , Yang Huanhuan , Xi Jun
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION

One of the main allergens in soybeans is glycinin, which seriously impacts the normal lives of allergic people. Previous studies have confirmed that thermal processing and thermal processing combined with ultrahigh‐pressure processing could significantly reduce the antigenicity of glycinin. The dominant antigen region of acidic peptide chain A2 of G2 subunit was located by phage display experiment.

METHODS

In this paper, overlapping peptides and alanine substitution techniques were used to explore the key amino acids that significantly affect the antigenicity of A2 peptide chain. The purity of peptide 1, peptide 2 and peptide 3 was identified by mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the results showed that the purity of the synthesized overlapping peptide was more than 90%. SDS‐PAGE showed that the peptide was successfully coupled with bovine serum albumin. The antigenicity of the coupling peptide was tested by ELISA and Dot‐Blot, and the allergenicity was detected by reacting with the serum of patients with soybean globulin allergy.

CONCLUSION

The results showed that peptide 3 has stronger antigenicity and sensitization. Alanine substitution technology allowed one to perform site‐directed mutagenesis on peptide 3. Dot‐Blot and ELISA tests showed that D259, E260, E261, Q263 and C266 may be the key amino acids that significantly affect the antigenicity of peptide 3. The research presented is of great significance for correctly guiding the production of safe food and preventing the occurrence of food allergic diseases. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A comparative study of static and fatigue performance of glass and basalt fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Agrawal Mayank , Gupta Mohit , Durai Prabhakaran R T , Mahajan Puneet
Published: December 2023

This work compares the tensile and fatigue behavior of unidirectional glass fiber/epoxy (GFRPs) and basalt fiber/epoxy (BFRPs) composites manufactured using vacuum‐assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM). The tensile and fatigue tests are performed, and results show that both GFRPs and BFRPs have very similar tensile behavior, whereas BFRPs perform better than the GFRPs in terms of fatigue life and degradation of properties, showing about 75 MPa more fatigue limit. The S–N curve shows that BFRPs resist fatigue failure and stiffness degradation due to their better interfacial adhesion. Fractographic observations reveal fatigue failure mechanisms of both BFRPs and GFRPs. From the regression analysis performed, an S–N curve was fitted with a model available in the literature, and regression parameters were calculated. Dynamic mechanical analysis of both BFRPs and GFRPs was performed to evaluate parameters like glass transition temperature, storage modulus, and loss modulus. From the findings of this research, BFRPs may be recommended as a suitable alternative to GFRPs.

Highlights

This article compares the tension–tension fatigue properties of unidirectional GFRPs and BFRPs.

From the research work, the authors found that BFRPs perform better than GFRPs under fatigue loading.

The stiffness degradation behavior of GFRPs and BFRPs are studied and compared.

Scanning electron micrographs of fractured samples are used to observe fatigue failure mechanisms.

Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was performed to determine the storage modulus, loss modulus, glass transition temperature, and damping coefficient (tanδ) for both composites.
Flexible carbon‐based fluoropolymer composites for effective EMI shielding and heat dissipation
Authors: Łapińska Anna , Grochowska Natalia , Filak Karolina , Dużyńska Anna , Polański Marek , Wyrębska Iwona , Jóźwik Paweł , Gołofit Tomasz , Dydek Kamil , Michalski Przemysław P. , Plichta Andrzej
Published: December 2023

Contemporary applications require protection against overheating and electromagnetic radiation interference, preferably with reduced mass and enhanced basic performance, such as flammability or chemical or UV resistance and often also low or non‐electrically conductive. Materials exhibiting all these functions can be designed, but there is usually not just one but several different materials with advanced processing requirements; therefore, a simple manufacturing method providing percolation path formation involving powder mixing and hot pressing of providing excellent flexibility terpolymer comprising tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride monomeric units (THV)‐based nanocomposites is presented here. The addition of the graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) significantly improves the EMI shielding effectiveness, up to SETOT = 23 dB for the GNP filler, SETOT = 17 dB for the MWCNT/GNP filler per 1 mm samples thickness and enhances almost 900% the thermal conductivity to almost 2 W/mK per GNP filler. Besides this improvement, the electrical conductivity remains at a low level, not surpassing 1.5 S/cm, which is, as mentioned above, beneficial in many applications, especially thermal management. Moreover, the proposed material is an excellent alternative to flexible foam or sponges.

Highlights

Structural, electrical, EMI shielding, and thermal properties of flexible THV/GNP, THV/MWCNT, and THV/MWCNT/GNP nanocomposites are shown here.

The oriented, long as over 1 mm filler paths are observed.

The GNP filler provides the best thermal conductivity enhancement of over 800% compared to bare polymer.

The EMI shielding effectiveness is dominated by absorption for all THV‐based nanocomposites.

The electrical conductivity follows the power law, reaching σ = 1.49 S/cm for GNP‐filled nanocomposites.
Enhancing bending performance in 3D woven spacer composites with lightweight biomimetic integrated double‐spacer structure
Authors: Yang Chunbing , Lu Zhenqian , Chen Long , Zheng Liangang , Zhou Bangze , Yang Xiaori , Wang Ruijie , Wang Chunxia , Xu Fujun
Published: December 2023

Three‐dimensional woven spacer composites (3DWSCs) with lightweight and excellent mechanical properties have promising application in communication, transportation, aerospace and other fields. However, traditional single‐layer 3DWSCs exhibit insufficient strength, especially when dealing with high thickness, as the pile yarns tend to buckle. In this study, inspired by the structural features of the Thalia dealbata, 3D woven integrated double‐layer glass fiber/epoxy resin spacer composites by mimicking were fabricated. Innovative integrated double‐layer structure design effectively improves the performance and failure mode of 3DWSCs under bending loads. Compared to single‐layer 3DWSCs, the resulting double‐layer 3DWSCs exhibited a 41.79% increase in peak bending load, a 46.85% increase in bending stiffness, and a 99.38% increase in energy absorption. In addition, the double‐layer 3DWSCs showed a low density of 0.52–0.55 g/cm3. This work introduces bioinspired double‐layer 3DWSCs with characteristics of lightweight and superior bending performance, potentially offering novel ideas for the design of high‐performance composites.

Highlights

Inspired by the structural features of the Thalia dealbata, a 3D integrated woven double‐layer glass fiber/epoxy resin spacer composites by mimicking were fabricated.

3D woven double‐layer spacer composites are lightweight (0.52–0.55 g/cm3) and can effectively improve the bending properties of single‐layer structures.

Based on the analysis of the fracture morphology, the significant improvement of the fracture pattern of the single‐layer structure by the double‐layer structure is effectively demonstrated.

This study introduces novel design strategies for multi‐layer lightweight composite materials and holds broad applications.
Functional production and biochemical investigation of an integral membrane enzyme for olefin biosynthesis
Authors: Murugan Subhashini , Iqbal Tabish , Das Debasis
Published: December 2023

Integral membrane enzymes play essential roles in a plethora of biochemical processes. The fatty acid desaturases (FADS)‐like superfamily is an important group of integral membrane enzymes that catalyze a wide array of reactions, including hydroxylation, desaturation, and cyclization; however, due to the membrane‐bound nature, the majority of these enzymes have remained poorly understood. UndB is a member of the FADS‐like superfamily, which catalyzes fatty acid decarboxylation, a chemically challenging reaction at the membrane interface. UndB reaction produces terminal olefins that are prominent biofuel candidates and building blocks of polymers with widespread industrial applications. Despite the great importance of UndB for several biotechnological applications, the enzyme has eluded comprehensive investigation. Here, we report details of the expression, solubilization, and purification of several constructs of UndB to achieve the optimally functional enzyme. We gained important insights into the biochemical, biophysical, and catalytic properties of UndB, including the thermal stability and factors influencing the enzyme activity. Additionally, we established the ability and kinetics of UndB to produce dienes by performing di‐decarboxylation of diacids. We found that the reaction proceeds by forming a mono‐carboxylic acid intermediate. Our findings shed light on the unexplored biochemical properties of the UndB and extend opportunities for its rigorous mechanistic and structural characterization.
Paediatric Sweet's Syndrome with Pulmonary Involvement Triggered by Severe Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Emergent Total Abdominal Colectomy with Literature Review
Authors: Alzahrani Fatmah , Tolson Hannah , Dupuy Elizabeth , Price Harper
Published: December 2023

Sweet's syndrome (SS) is a neutrophilic dermatosis characterised by the acute onset of erythematous papules or plaques and a constellation of symptoms including fever, leucocytosis, and histopathology demonstrating nodular, pustular, or diffuse infiltrate of neutrophils with marked papillary oedema. SS can be a manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease and often coincides with periods of disease flares. Only a few cases of SS associated with ulcerative colitis are reported in the literature, and no cases have involved pulmonary manifestations in the paediatric population. We present a case of a 14-year-old girl presenting with new onset ulcerative colitis requiring emergent colectomy with subsequent development of pulmonary SS. Treatment consisted of intravenous and oral corticosteroids and dapsone. SS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prolonged fever with cutaneous involvement and systemic symptoms. Special consideration should be given to paediatric patients with extracutaneous manifestations, particularly pulmonary involvement.
Morphology Refinement of Eutectic Carbides Assisted by Static Magnetic Field during Laboratory Electroslag Remelting Process
Authors: Ma Chengkuan , Xia Zhibin , Sun Zhonghao , Zheng Tianxiang , Shen Zhe , Ding Biao , Liu Chunmei , Guo Yifeng , Li Qiang , Zhong Yunbo
Published: December 2023

A transverse static magnetic field (TSMF) is implemented in a laboratory electroslag remelting (ESR) experiment to control eutectic carbides morphology of Cr8 die steel herein. Under action of a TSMF, the temperature distribution of the molten pool becomes homogeneous, the local solidification time is shortened, and the interdendritic region space shrinks, which result in an evenly spaced distribution of solute atoms and a reduction in interdendritic segregation. Therefore, the formation and subsequent growth of eutectic carbides are further inhibited, thereby causing the generation of smaller and more uniform distributed eutectic carbides due to the application of the TSMF. Moreover, the increase of the number of Al2O3–(Ti,V)N inclusions serves to be the heterogeneous nucleus of carbides (inclusions also become finer) caused by TSMF, which also contributes to the refinements of eutectic carbides in Cr8 ingots.
Loop Integration Techniques and Special Functions
Authors: Badger Simon , Henn Johannes , Plefka Jan Christoph , Zoia Simone
Published: December 2023

In this chapter we introduce methods for evaluating Feynman loop integrals. We introduce basic methods such as Feynman and Mellin parametrisations, and present a number of one-loop examples. Working in dimensional regularisation, we discuss ultraviolet and infrared divergences. We then introduce special functions encountered in loop calculations and discuss their properties. Focusing on their defining differential equations, we show how the symbol method is a useful tool for keeping track of functional identities. We then connect back to Feynman integrals by showing how differential equations can be effectively used to read off the special functions appearing in them. In particular, we discuss residue-based methods that streamline such computations.
Geodesic vectors and flat totally geodesic subalgebras of six-dimensional filiform metric Lie algebras
Authors: Abbas Sameer Annon , Figula Ágota
Published: December 2023

A nilpotent Lie algebra $$\mathfrak {n}$$
n
equipped with an Euclidean inner product is called nilpotent metric Lie algebra. In this paper we describe the sets of the geodesic vectors and the flat totally geodesic subalgebras of the six-dimensional filiform metric Lie algebras. In this class with the exception of the metric Lie algebras corresponding to the standard filiform Lie algebra the flat totally geodesic subalgebras of every metric Lie algebra have dimension at most two.
Can green hydrogen production be used to mitigate ocean deoxygenation? A scenario from the Gulf of St. Lawrence
Authors: Wallace Douglas W. R. , Jutras Mathilde , Nesbitt William A. , Donaldson Adam , Tanhua Toste
Published: December 2023

Ocean deoxygenation and expansion and intensification of hypoxia in the ocean are a major, growing threat to marine ecosystems. Measures currently used to protect marine biodiversity (e.g., marine protected areas) are ineffective in countering this threat. Here, we highlight the example of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in eastern Canada, where oxygen loss is not only due to eutrophication (which can be mitigated by nutrient controls) but also is a consequence of ocean circulation change and warming. Climate-related loss of oxygen will be an increasingly widespread source of risk to marine biodiversity over this century. Again using the Gulf of St. Lawrence as an example, we show that production of oxygen by the green hydrogen industry can be comparable to the loss rate of dissolved oxygen on large spatial scales, offering new possibilities for mitigation. However, this mitigation approach has rarely been considered for marine environments to date. Given confluence of increasing risk to marine ecosystems from oxygen loss and rapid emergence, worldwide, of industrial sources of pure oxygen, which are likely to be located in coastal regions, we believe this option will be proposed increasingly in coming years, including by the private sector. We argue that it is urgent for ocean scientists, engineers, and policymakers to recognize and address this emerging potential. A coordinated research effort should be established immediately in order to harness the potential of the green hydrogen industry to mitigate major impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity, and avoid any unintended negative consequences.
Pneumoprotein CC16 in the Umbilical Cord Blood of Preterm Neonates
Authors: Rallis Dimitrios , Papathanasiou Aimilia Eirini , Christou Helen
Published: December 2023

Objective We examined the impact of perinatal factors on cord serum club cell protein (CC16) and the association of CC16 with mechanical ventilation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm neonates.

Study Design A retrospective cohort study including 60 neonates born with gestational age (GA) < 34 weeks. The impact of categorical perinatal factors on cord blood levels of CC16 was examined with univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results In neonates with GA < 32 weeks, cord blood CC16 concentrations were significantly lower compared to neonates with GA between 320/7 and 336/7 weeks (5.4 ± 2.5 compared to 7.6 ± 2.9 ng/mL, p = 0.039). Neonates with prolonged rupture of membranes had significantly lower CC16 compared to those without prolonged rupture of membranes (4.0 ± 1.9 compared to 7.2 ± 2.2, p < 0.001). Finally, neonates with BPD had significantly lower CC16, compared to neonates without BPD (4.2 ± 2.1 compared to 7.0 ± 2.2 ng/mL, p = 0.004).

Prolonged rupture of membranes was significantly negatively associated with CC16 (b = −2.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.49 to −4.85, p = 0.017), after adjusting for GA (b = 0.23, 95% CI 0.03–0.42, p = 0.022), mode of conception, and mode of delivery. Finally, higher CC16 levels were significantly inversely associated with BPD (odds ratio = 0.33, 95% CI 0.12–0.88, p = 0.028), after adjusting for GA (b = 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.78, p = 0.015), and birth weight.

Conclusion Prolonged rupture of membranes was significantly negatively associated with cord serum CC16, after adjusting for GA, conception, and delivery mode, and CC16 was significantly inversely associated with BPD, after adjusting for GA and birth weight.

Key Points
RR Lyrae from binary evolution: abundant, young, and metal-rich
Authors: Bobrick Alexey , Iorio Giuliano , Belokurov Vasily , Vos Joris , Vučković Maja , Giacobbo Nicola
Published: December 2023

RR Lyrae are a well-known class of pulsating horizontal branch stars widely used as tracers of old, metal-poor stellar populations. However, mounting observational evidence shows that a significant fraction of these stars may be young and metal-rich. Here, through detailed binary stellar evolution modelling, we show that all such metal-rich RR Lyrae can be naturally produced through binary interactions. Binary companions of these RR Lyrae stars formed through binary interactions partly strip their progenitor’s envelopes during a preceding red giant phase. As a result, stripped horizontal branch stars become bluer than their isolated stellar evolution counterparts and thus end up in the instability strip. In contrast, in the single evolution scenario, the stars can attain such colours only at large age and low metallicity. While binary-made RR Lyrae can possess any ages and metallicities, their Galactic population is relatively young (1 – $9\, {\rm Gyr}$) and dominated by the thin disc and the bulge. We show that Galactic RR Lyrae from binary evolution are produced at rates compatible with the observed metal-rich population and have consistent G-band magnitudes, Galactic kinematics, and pulsation properties. Furthermore, these systems dominate the RR Lyrae population in the solar neighbourhood. We predict that all metal-rich RR Lyrae have an A, F, G, or K-type companion with a long orbital period ($P \gtrsim 1000\, {\rm d}$). Observationally characterizing the orbital periods and masses of such stellar companions will provide valuable new constraints on mass and angular momentum-loss efficiency for Sun-like accretors and the nature of RR Lyrae populations.