bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in the research process – a survey of researchers’ practices and perceptions
Authors: Andersen Jens Peter , Degn Lise , Fishberg Rachel , Graversen Ebbe Krogh , Horbach Serge P. J. M. , Schmidt Evanthia K. , Schneider Jesper W. , Sørensen Mads P.
Published: September 2024

This study explores the use of generative AI (GenAI) and research integrity assessments of use cases by researchers, including PhD students, at Danish universities. Conducted through a survey sent to all Danish researchers from January to February 2024, the study received 2,534 responses and evaluated 32 GenAI use cases across five research phases: idea generation, research design, data collection, data analysis, and writing/reporting. Respondents reported on their own and colleagues' GenAI usage. They also assessed whether the practices in the use cases were considered good research practice. Through an explorative factor analysis, we identified three clusters of perception: "GenAI as a work horse," "GenAI as a language assistant only", and "GenAI as a research accelerator". The findings further show varied opinions on GenAI's research integrity implications. Language editing and data analysis were generally viewed positively, whereas experiment design and peer review tasks faced more criticism. Controversial areas included image creation/modification and synthetic data, with comments highlighting the need for critical and reflexive use of GenAI. Usage differed by main research area, with technical and quantitative sciences reporting slightly higher usage and more positive assessments. Junior researchers used GenAI more than senior colleagues, while no significant gender differences were observed.
MedSAM-Flow: A Deep Fusion Methodology for Robust Realtime Tracking of Objects in Laparoscopic Videos
Authors:   Surgical Performance Enhancement and Robotics Centre (SuPER, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Lafouti Marzie , Feldman Liane S. , Hooshiar Amir
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various aspects of medicine, particularly in surgical procedures, by offering advanced tools for analysis and decision-making [1- 3]. Real-time video-based surgical instrument segmentation holds paramount importance in operating rooms (ORs), reshaping surgical practices and patient care standards. The ability to accurately segment surgical instruments in real-time enables surgeons to receive instantaneous visual feedback, facilitating precise adjustments during procedures. Such immediate feedback not only enhances surgical technique refinements but also allows for on-the-spot skill assessment, empowering surgeons to continually improve their performance. Moreover, real-time segmentation facilitates comprehensive performance evaluation in gastrointestinal surgery, contributing to better patient outcomes through optimized surgical processes and reduced risks [4,5]. This paper introduces a novel approach to address the critical need for real-time surgical instrument segmentation in ORs using intraoperative videos. The proposed method builds upon MedSAM model [1], fine-tuned specifically for medical image segmentation, to achieve accurate real-time segmentation in surgical videos. By leveraging Optical Flow [6] and Bezier [7] methods, this approach overcomes the limitation of MedSAM's slow execution time, ensuring fast and efficient segmentation in video streams. Furthermore, the methodology presented in this paper not only enables real- time segmentation but also offers smooth instrument tracking across consecutive frames, enhancing the overall efficiency of surgical procedures. With its potential to significantly impact surgical practices, this paper contributes to the advancement of real-time video-based surgical instrument segmentation and its applications in gastrointestinal surgery. In addition to its immediate benefits for surgical procedures, the proposed method sets the stage for future developments in AI-driven surgical interventions. By addressing the need for real-time segmentation in ORs and providing a framework for further refinement and customization, this paper paves the way for the development of tailored AI solutions that cater to specific surgical needs. Through ongoing collaboration with expert surgeons and the continued exploration of advanced AI techniques, the potential for improving patient care standards and advancing surgical practices remains promising. The subsequent sections of this paper will delve into the materials and methods employed, followed by a presentation of the results obtained from the proposed approach. The discussion section will analyze the implications of these findings, while also exploring future directions for research and application in the field of real-time surgical instrument segmentation.
Multicentric study to validate a sensorized vascular high-fidelity physical simulator through different surgical experiences and specialties
Authors:   The BioRobotics Institute, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Mazzotta A. D. ,   Health Science interdisciplinary centre, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies,   Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, St Andrea Hospital,Sapienza University of Rome, Gamberini G. , Tognarelli S. , Silecchia G. , Menciassi A.
Published: September 2024

Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) involves mastering surgical instruments facing the absence of haptic feedback, thus prolonging the learning curves [1]. Applying excessive force to delicate tissues, such as blood vessels, can lead to serious intraoperative events like bleeding [2], causing conversion to open surgery in emergency. Surgeons need to develop skills to visually determine the tissue deformation – so called visual haptic - and hand-eye coordination [3]. Training is crucial to prevent such adverse occurrences, and simulation has become a key method for acquiring technical skills. Surgical simulators should be used to train surgeons, avoiding operation on patients in the learning stage. Starting from a developed physical simulator [4], the aim of this study is to assess (i) the construct validity - ability of discriminate between different levels of expertise - of the physical high-fidelity vascular simulator equipped with soft strain sensor measuring the vessel deformation during a simulated task, and (ii) the ability of the proposed system of distinguishing between different surgical specialties in novices.
Cost-Efficient and Open-Source Desktop Teleoperated Surgical Training System
Authors:   Department of Medical Technologies, MCI, Walder Alexander , Winkler Simon , Kim Yeongmi
Published: September 2024

Over the past two decades, modern robot-assisted surgery systems have evolved successfully, offering sig- nificant benefits to both patients and surgeons. Never- theless, utilizing these systems for surgical training or as platforms for further research and development poses challenges such as high costs and spatial constraints. To address this issue, solutions such as VR surgical training can be utilized, enabling surgeons to manipulate surgical tools in virtual surgery based on the 7 degrees of freedom (DoF) [1]. Additionally, remote-operable open platforms like DVRK and RAVEN II can be employed [2][3]. In this paper, we present an affordable, compact, and open-source platform designed for a surgical train- ing system aimed at acquiring manipulative skills. Fur- thermore, it could potentially function as a framework for experimentally validating emerging technologies.
Enabling Shape Sensing in MIS Using a Two-Photon Polymerized Waveguide
Authors:   Hellenic Mediterranean University, Violakis G. ,   Componous P.C., Athanasaki E. ,   Franhofer Heinrich Herz Institut, Kostakis S. , Vardakis N. , Tiriakidis N. , Tiriakidis K. , Tiriadikou T. , Zhang Z. , Angelmahr M. , Polygerinos P.
Published: September 2024

Shape sensing optical fibers have attracted increasing attention in the last decade as a promising tool for miniature shape detection in confined spaces [1]. Due to their small footprint, they are considered a prime candidate for installation in endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery tools. They can be used not only as a shape sensor to detect organ/tissue curvatures while a tool is navigated, but also as part of an all-optical palpation sensor [2] to measure interaction forces. A shape-sensing optical fiber protruding from a laparoscopic instrument can provide spatial coordinate information of its bent tip which can be used to map the underlying surface and in conjunction with a second pressure sensitive sensor, such as a membrane, provide stiffness information. Shape sensing optical fibers are typically realized in single or multi-core optical fibers (MCFs) by the inscription of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in each individual core of the optical fiber. Shape sensing by means of such optical fibers has been reported as early as 2000 [3]. It was later demonstrated that selective inscription of Fiber Bragg grating in the individual cores can be realized, providing freedom in the central Bragg wavelength that can be back-reflected from each core [4]. However, a common denominator in all multi-core optical fiber sensing approaches is the need to individually interrogate all cores, or to obtain the sensing signal by fusing all cores into a single optical fiber. Typically, this is realized either by utilizing expensive optical fiber assemblies, such as fan-outs, or by tapering the multi-core optical fiber and fusing it to a single core fiber. In the present work we report on the use of the two- photon polymerization (TPP) technique for the interrogation of four FBGs with different central wavelengths inscribed in a four-core optical fiber using a TPP produced waveguide. The TPP technique has been used extensively in recent years for several applications, including waveguide inscription for a wide variety of applications [5]. The design capabilities of the method allow the creation of a miniaturized waveguide structure that can fuse the optical signals from each core of a multi- core optical fiber into the core of a single core optical fiber. This technique is a low-cost alternative method to solve the interconnection problem of such fibers that are used in MIS sensors.
Development of a Virtual Da Vinci Xi Training Simulator for Robotic In-Utero Open Spina Bifida Repair - Preliminary Results
Authors:   Wilfred and Joyce Posluns Centre for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, Hospital for Sick Children, Walsh E. ,   University of Toronto,   Johns Hopkins University Mount Sinai Hospital, Nimal N. , Munawar A. , Drake J. , Van Mieghem T. , Looi T.
Published: September 2024

Open spina bifida (OSB) is a spinal defect seen in developing fetuses. An in-utero approach to repair has improved outcomes and reduced risk of comorbidities in both mother and baby [1]. To minimize the invasive impact, surgeons are investigating an in-utero robotic ap- proach which presents the need for a simulator to enable surgeon training and planning. Currently surgeons are trained by a combination of existing clinical simulator with generic environment and physical phantom testing. The contributions of this paper are: 1. An open-source dynamic simulator of the Da Vinci Xi Robotic Surgical System 2. A realistic virtual model of OSB 3. A novel integrated fetal robotics surgical simulator that allows surgeons to practice a simulated OSB repair.
Tele-micromanipulation of Electrothermally Actuated Robotic Fibre for Precise Medical Applications
Authors:   Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Zhao Jinshi ,   The Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Imperial College London, Abdelaziz Mohamed E. M. K. , Rosa Bruno Gil , Tian Libaihe , Zheng Qindong , Temelkuran Burak
Published: September 2024

Surgical approaches for tumour resection aim to minimise the sacrifice of healthy tissue while ensuring complete removal of the tumours to avoid recurrence. This is particularly challenging in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Miniaturized and precise robotic instruments that can manipulate diagnostic or therapeutic tools allow superior access and enhance the accuracy of these surgeries. In this context, several fibre-based robots have been developed [1,2]. In our previous work, we have developed an electrothermally actuated robotic fibre. The fibre’s actuation is achieved by differential thermal expansion across the fibre’s cross-section, induced by Joule heating (Fig. 1a). This robotic fibre enables the precise delivery and manipulation of surgical tools like laser fibres [3]. Our published work [3] has well-documented the analyses of its dynamic behaviour, mechanical, and thermal properties. The comparison with state-of-the-art actuators also highlights the contributions of our robot in terms of precision (<50μm), dimensions (<2mm), motion range (<6mm), maximum velocity (10.3mm/s), and simplicity of the actuation unit [3]. In this work, we developed a telemanipulation controller that allows the operator to control the robotic fibre with a joystick manually. To demonstrate and evaluate the motion precision of this robotic system, we designed a micro-manipulation task. We utilised the robotic fibre to hold and manipulate a bespoke electromagnet coil to grab and move a magnetic particle along a small maze with a tortuous path. A longer fibre was designed and inserted through a da Vinci instrument to improve the precision of the surgery. Considering that only the fibre distal end needs to be actuated, a partial actuation approach would benefit the patient's safety and energy consumption. In the second part of this work, we introduce a new approach enabling actuation and control of the 12-centimetre distal end of a 1.2-metre-long fibre robot. The assembled robotic system was tested in an abdominal phantom, validating the concept of integrating robotic fibres with commercially available endoscopic devices.
Design of Stacked PVC Gel Actuators-based Active Absorber for Finger Tremor Suppression
Authors:   Centre for Advanced Robotics, Queen Mary University of London, Liu Chen , Zhang Ketao
Published: September 2024

Tremor, a widespread neurological disorder impacting individuals of various ages, can greatly hinder their quality of life and occupational functioning [1]. Wear- able medical devices for suppressing tremors, typically low-frequency vibrations ranging between 3 and 12 Hz, are gaining popularity since active vibration absorbers integrated into such devices have demonstrated im- mediate efficacy and noninvasive nature [2]. However, there are challenges in miniaturizing active absorbers for wearable applications with traditional actuators [3]. To address this problem, here we present a light wearable active finger tremor-suppressing orthosis that consists of a stacked polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel actuator-based absorber, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and a force sensor. This allows the system to simultaneously detect tremors and trigger the absorber to suppress vi- brations, regardless of whether the fingertip is vibrating in the air or applying tremor force while in contact with an object. This innovative wearable finger tremor absorption system has the potential to stabilize fingers in various applications of daily life (Fig. 1).
A Pneumatic Sensor for Force Measurement in Colonoscopy
Authors:   The Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Imperial College London, Borvorntanajanya Korn , Ahmed Jabed F , Franco Enrico , Baena Ferdinando Rodriguez y
Published: September 2024

Colonoscopy, the gold standard for diagnosing and treat- ing colon issues, requires inserting a flexible endoscope into the colon. Skilled handling is crucial to navigate the colon’s delicate structure and avoid complications like tissue damage or perforation, and to limit patient dis- comfort. Measuring contact forces during colonoscopy can enhance safety and comfort during the procedure [1]. However, incorporating sensors in the endoscope is challenging due to space constraints and safety concerns. Pneumatic-based force sensors are particularly suitable for sterile medical environments due to their affordable cost, intrinsic safety, broad sensing range, fast response, and lack of electrical risks [2]. In this work we present a novel disposable pneumatic-based force sensor consist- ing of multiple sensing patches. The system can provide an estimate of the contact force between endoscope and colon. The integration of such sensors in clinical practice could be a pivotal step in enhancing the safety and comfort of colonoscopy procedures.
Travel and the Self in Maggie Shipstead's The Great Circle
Authors: Pesce Elisa
Published: September 2024

This article presents travel as the nexus between the two protagonists of Maggie Shipstead’s The Great Circle (2021): aviator Marian Graves, whose passion for flight and physical travels double as, and intensify, an inner journey of self-discovery, and Hadley Baxter, a contemporary Hollywood actress who interprets Marian in a biopic and, through this experience, identifies with her, expanding her consciousness and constructing herself as woman. Marian and Hadley have similar, tragic family histories and, despite living a century apart, are both subject to the violence and constraints of a patriarchal society that deprives women of agency and condemns the transgression of gender roles. Consequently, the novel deploys multiple forms of travel and travel writing to ask what it means to be a woman in the United States and explore the contribution of physical and metaphorical journey to the discovery of the self, other people and the world.  While close in scope to canonical male travel narratives, I argue that The Great Circle juxtaposes different stories (Marian’s logbook, a novel and a biography based on it, and Hadley’s movie) and, therefore, different accounts of Marian’s life, to raise questions about the very possibility of knowing anything or anybody. The novel simultaneously denounces women’s objectification by presenting both Marian and Hadley as public figures constructed by others: Marian’s logbook is fictionalised and published without her consent, while Hadley exists only in the characters that she plays and the image that the tabloids project of her. Shipstead’s ambiguous use of the symbolism of the circle further complicates the novel’s epistemological inquiry by betraying expectations about continuity and closure. All circles and journeys in the novel remain open-ended and merge with one another, connecting people and experiences across space and time.
From Superhighway to Hyperreality: The Infrastructure of "Astral America"
Authors: McKenna Maxime
Published: September 2024

During a series of road-trips undertaken in the 1970s and 1980s, the French theorist Jean Baudrillard encountered an American West that had become a laboratory of hyperreality. In his observations about “Astral America,” Baudrillard claims the perspective of an outside observer, but he exhibits a fascination for the space of the road that is characteristically American, if not at-times stereotypically so, begging the question: what is the link between postmodern theory and automobile infrastructure? This article uses Cotten Seiler’s concept of the “apparatus of automobility” (2008) to interrogate the material and discursive relations between Baudrillard’s Amérique (1986; trans. 1988) and the period in the history of American automobility in which it emerges. Just as the Interstate Highway was solidifying the private car’s supremacy, the OPEC oil embargo brought the petroleum-powered, auto-mobile ideal of the good life into crisis, opening intellectual inroads for thinking the U.S.’s hyperreal self-production while aboard the nation’s superhighways. Baudrillard's classic work of travelogue-theory invites an infrastructural account of the postmodern moment that would situate concepts from French theory and their uptake in the American academy within a context of transnationally mediated transport infrastructures.
A.K. Ramanujan’s Insightful Observations on Various Aspects of the United States of America. Looking Briefly at the Diary Entries
Authors: Das Jolly
Published: September 2024

Attipat Krishnaswamy Ramanujan (16 March 1929-13 July 1993) travelled extensively in peninsular India, collecting folktales from rural regions. Since he was already on the move, as a folklorist and as a teacher who taught in several colleges in South India consecutively, it wasn’t difficult for him to set sail for the United States of America when he received the Fulbright Travel Fellowship and Smith-Mundt Grant in 1959, to continue with his studies in linguistics. On 1 July 1959 he boarded the Strathaird in Bombay and undertook a land-journey through France to reach Southampton where he boarded the SS Queen Elizabeth which took him to New York on 28 July 1959. He wrote about experiences and observations during this journey in his “Travel Diary, 2 to 27 July 1959, Bombay to New York”, in the anthology Journeys: A Poet’s Diary (2018).  The first-ever travel overseas, to the US, was full of excitement and anxiety for the young man of thirty. This journey was the initiation for his passage to the country he was to inhabit for the rest of his life, as a teacher in the University of Chicago—a transition from the familiar world (his interior landscape, akam) to the unfamiliar country (the world outside his self, the puram). The article shall focus on Journeys: A Poet’s Diary and A.K. Ramanujan’s unpublished diary to explore his observations and experiences of life in the US. These reveal the way in which his inner self met the new space he entered, followed by his expressing, through his creative and critical self, the interface and intermingling of the two. These travel writings go beyond mere records of observations—they are cultural artifacts left behind by a truly transnational traveler — as a man from a South-Indian milieu; who had been exposed to the British system of education; who was exceptionally intelligent, a poet and critic; and, a keen observer. Theories which engage with the akam-puram paradigm, environment (Buel), culture in a liquid modern world (Bauman) and cosmopolitanism (Appiah) shall be used as tools to analyse and assess the select texts.
"Gayl Jones and Travel No-Where"
Authors: Kelley Wyn
Published: September 2024

Gayl Jones (USA, b. 1949) writes of journeys throughout the Americas, while also, if implicitly, exploring a global African diaspora. Her epic historical novel Palmares (2021) focuses on Brazil, retelling the story of Zumbi, 17th-century Afro-Brazilian leader of a quilombo, or fortified rebel city. Palmares did finally fall to Portuguese colonial militias in 1694-5, and in her book Gayl Jones’s protagonist, Almeyda, then travels to what she hopes will be a new or second Palmares. Her journey, however, frustratingly and paradoxically seems to get her nowhere. But, as we will see, this nowhere reveals the No-Where of Palmarians’ lives, a placelessness that seems uncertain, but at the same time offers freedom, or at least imaginative space. Like legendary “flying Africans,” people who escaped enslavement by leaping into the air, Jones’s characters appear to launch themselves into an unknown, a Not-Know-Where that may take them to Africa or somewhere utterly unanticipated. We can find other versions of this ambiguous travel in Gayl Jones’s drama, The Ancestor: A Street Play (1975; 2020), and her novel, The Birdcatcher (1986; 2022)—and even in the works of Toni Morrison, whose novels show similar concern with what Saidiya Hartman calls “critical fabulation”: attempts to rethink history outside archives and beyond maps.
“Travelers by necessity” - Ruth Behar on the Way in Search of Roots or Home
Authors: Zygadło Grażyna
Published: September 2024

Ruth Behar, a Cuban-born immigrant to the US with Polish, Jewish, and Turkish background, begins her memoir Travelling Heavy. A Memoir In Between Journeys, published in 2013, with the following citation “I love to travel. But I’m also terrified of traveling” (3). Later she describes the “various good luck rituals” that she performs before starting a journey such as checking if she has her “Turkish evil eye bracelet,” “a handmade necklace […] to be protected from illness or sudden death” or “rubbing the turquoise glass beads to keep the plane from falling out of the sky” (3). She links all these habits to both her Jewish and Cuban ancestry. And although she calls herself a professional traveler, she also describes herself as a “an anthropologist who specializes in homesickness,” which perfectly reveals the contradictions related to the notion of travelling. As a relatively new phenomenon, available and affordable to few, travelling can be an exciting, desired and adventurous experience that opens us up to diversity and enriches us. At the same time since it involves meeting with the Other it can be a threatening and exhausting incident that causes nostalgia for home. Hence, the journey is an existential experience including the change, the philosophical exploration of oneself, search for and dissemination of knowledge, and a sense of discovery (actual of places and communities and symbolical of cultural values and ideas). In this paper I am going to analyze Behar’s writings as narratives representing fictitious fragments of experienced or/and imagined realities (Letters from Cuba 2020) vs. non-fictional dimension of memoir or travel writing (Travelling Heavy 2013). Still, what joins the two types of narratives is the issue of memory – how/what do we remember? How are our memories changing depending on time and person we relate them to?
The Land of Heathens versus the Land of Liberty. Mark Twain’s The Innocents Abroad and Ubeydullah Efendi’s Travels
Authors: Mutluay Çetintaş S. Bilge
Published: September 2024

Mark Twain’s (1835-1910) literary travelogue, The Innocents Abroad (1869), remarks on and/or subverts previously established interpretations of places and objects. Twain’s adopted persona allows him to assume the double role of a fool and an intellectual, simultaneously, by deploying a peculiar type of humor. By openly distaining and emphasizing certain aspects of his travel experiences, Twain’s narrator seems naïve on one hand, but a savvy social critic on the other. Twain’s account of İstanbul (Constantinople) streets, drinking Turkish coffee, and Turkish bath experience become farcical descriptions of the Ottoman Empire. His choice of words—such as “the rustiest old barn in heathendom”—also confirms his ideological viewpoint of Ottoman lands. Unlike Twain, Ubeydullah Efendi (1858-1937), who travels in the opposite direction, to the United States from the Ottoman Empire, paints a positive picture of American urban life. He spends most of his time at the Chicago World’s Fair of 1893, which he describes in detail. One could argue that since the Ottoman Empire was on the cusp of becoming the Turkish Republic, Ubeydullah Efendi’s descriptions of his American voyage were naturally written in a progressive tone. Yet, a closer inspection reveals subtle criticism, as well as an awareness of how others viewed him as an Ottoman gentleman. Thus, his portrayals do not stem from internalized Orientalism; rather, they are the result of informed observations based on his cultural experiences. Both Mark Twain’s and Ubeydullah Efendi’s journalistic travel accounts to each other’s countries cannot be separated from the ideological and rhetorical dimensions of the era’s travel writing. This presentation will focus on both narrators’ approach and gaze in a comparative manner. While Twain portrays Ottoman lands in a hostile or condescending manner, with descriptors such as “filthy,” “brutish,” “ignorant,” or “unprogressive,” Ubeydullah Efendi’s accounts are not so one dimensional. Twain’s peculiar humor and narrative attitude were obviously influenced by the political events of the time, and his views were tainted by his orientalist approach. Conversely, Ubeydullah Efendi’s straightforward depictions, and occasional humor, are connected to his personality and offer a far more realistic portrayal of late nineteenth-century America.
The Beats in Mexico by David Stephen Calonne (A Book Review)
Authors: Racine Nathaniel R.
Published: September 2024

The Beats in Mexico (2022) by David Stephen Calonne is reviewed here in terms of its contribution to the larger body of academic studies that explore the representation of Mexico in US literature. Calonne's study distinguishes itself by emphasizing the importance of overlooked female writers among the Beat generation, including Bonnie Bremser, Joanne Kyger, and Margaret Randall, who appear alongside more familiar names such as Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac. In doing so, Calonne expands the discussion of the Beats in important ways and, furthermore, offers a welcome contribution that enriches the conversation around the understanding (and misunderstanding) of Mexico by US writers and intellectuals. Given the continued tensions between the two countries, it should be of great topical interest as well.
RIAS Editorial Policy / Stylesheet
Authors: Editors RIAS
Published: September 2024

The Editorial Policy and Stylesheet of the Review of International American Studies - information for potential Contributors.
Consumer Preferences: Exploring Brand Awareness, Product Variation, and Purchase Intentions in Purchase Decisions
Authors: Navanti Dovina , Giningroem Dewi Sri Woelandari Pantjolo , Indra Christophorus , Setyawati Novita Wahyu
Published: September 2024

This research aims to explore the impact of brand awareness and product variety on purchasing decisions for Lemonilo noodles in Bekasi through purchase intention. The method we use is a quantitative method, where we use a purposive sampling technique to select 128 respondents who are consumers of Lemonilo noodles in Bekasi City. The results show that the second factor, brand awareness and product variety, influences purchase intention, but only product variety has a significant impact on purchasing decisions. In addition, purchase interest acts as a reflection between brand awareness and product variety and purchasing decisions
Novel Composites for Lightweighting in Deep Space Applications
Authors: Huebner Benjamin
Published: September 2024

The evolution of carbon nanotube composites, as inspired by the Materials Genome Initiative, unlocks new potential for materials sustainability in challenging deep space applications. This article describes research and development work at the Institute for Ultra-Strong Composites by Computational Design (US-COMP), a NASA Space Technology Research Institute consortium. US-COMP has developed a novel composite material with mechanical properties per unit mass that exceed state-of-the-art structural composites.
Hipoadrenocorticismo em cães
Authors: Souza Luiza Mendes de , Blaitt Regina Maria Augusto Nascimento
Published: September 2024

Hypoadrenocorticism is an endocrinopathy defined as a deficiency in the production of glucocorticoids and/or mineralocorticoids. It is uncommon in dogs or apparently underdiagnosed, with primary, secondary and iatrogenic causes. The clinical signs are unspecific and highly variable, and the patient may present only sporadic hyporexia, vomiting and diarrhea or even hypovolemic shock and death. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis, clinical signs, laboratory and imaging tests, with the ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone) stimulation test being the hormonal test of choice for diagnosing the disease. Treatment is based on exogenous hormone replacement, based on the patient's needs. Thus, the aim of this review is to alert clinicians to the importance of this disease, when to suspect it and how to make an accurate diagnosis, as well as to differentiate it from other diseases that have similar symptoms.
Designação e frequência das cúspides acessórias da valva atrioventricular esquerda do coração de bovinos
Authors: Thomé da Silva de Almeida Alexandre , Ramos da Silva Grillo Vinicius Tadeu , Figueiredo de Carvalho Rodolfo , Brugnerotto de Almeida Pedro
Published: September 2024

Forty healthy cattle hearts of non-defined race were examined for the presence of accessory cusps in the left atrioventricular valve. This study aimed to verify their presence and determine the number of leaflets in them, as well as suggest new cusp terminology. The hearts were fixed in 20% formalin and dissected. In this study, we observed the presence of 1 to 3 accessory cusps in both commissures of the main cusps; there was only a single case in which the cusps were absent. Since the presence of these cusps in cattle hearts has been verified, we suggest new terminology to describe these anatomical details that currently have no reference in the available literature.
Factores personales y familiares vinculados al ocio ambiental y cultural intergeneracional
Authors: Sáenz de Jubera Magdalena , Medrano Pascual Cristina , Martínez Villar José Manuel , Alonso Ruiz Rosa Ana , Valdemoros San Emeterio María Ángeles
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El ocio ambiental y cultural guarda importantes implicaciones para el desarrollo humano. Entorno y cultura generan un espacio de satisfacción, y abuelos y abuelas enfatizan su potencial en la práctica con sus nietos y nietas. El objetivo del estudio fue examinar si la práctica de ocio ambiental y cultural compartido entre abuelos/as y nietos/as se vincula a las características personales y familiares de los abuelos y las abuelas. Metodología: Se realizó una encuesta transversal telemática a 357 abuelos/as con nietas y/o nietos (6-12 años) del norte de España. Resultados: El ocio cultural es el más extendido, mientras que el ambiental es practicado por más de dos tercios de los participantes, siendo las mujeres quienes más ocio comparten. La edad es determinante y compartir o no domicilio con los nietos y/o nietas no tiene, en principio, incidencia clara. Discusión: Género y edad son factores facilitadores de la práctica de ocio en contextos intergeneracionales, aunque se precisa una investigación más amplia. Conclusiones: Las dimensiones ambiental y cultural del ocio promueven experiencias positivas y pueden definirse como fenómeno social, en especial, en el marco de las relaciones intergeneracionales.
Metodologías activas en educación superior: el caso de una universidad particular en México
Authors: Fernández-de-Castro Javier , Villegas-Pantoja Ricardo Alberto
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Ante el surgimiento del enfoque educativo centrado en competencias, las metodologías activas comienzan a tener relevancia en México y el mundo en el siglo XXI, posicionando al estudiante como protagonista del proceso-aprendizaje, y al docente como un diseñador estratégico de situaciones didácticas, orientador y analista de resultados de aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en describir el uso de metodologías activas por parte del profesorado de una Universidad particular en el Estado de Aguascalientes (México). Metodología: Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal y alcance exploratorio y descriptivo. Participaron 53 profesores, a quienes se les administró un instrumento alusivo a la frecuencia del uso de distintas metodologías didácticas: la tradicional, así como un repertorio de metodologías activas. Resultados: El análisis de datos revela que la metodología tradicional es la más utilizada, seguida del aprendizaje basado en problemas y el aprendizaje cooperativo. Por su parte, las menos utilizadas fueron la clase invertida, la gamificación y el aprendizaje basado en servicios. Discusión: Los resultados se discuten respecto a su relevancia en el marco de las tendencias de educación superior y el cuarto Objetivo de Desarrollo Sustentable de la ONU, orientado a la educación de calidad.
Las clases de matemáticas en las escuelas en la pospandemia de la Covid-19: un estudio de caso
Authors: Santágueda-Villanueva María , Sanz María T. , López-Iñesta Emilia
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Las clases pospandemia por la Covid-19 representaron un gran desafío para las escuelas, con maestros adaptándose a entornos virtuales, híbridos y presenciales, destacando la flexibilidad, creatividad y apoyo socioemocional. Metodología: Este estudio se centra en la perspectiva del alumnado durante el periodo de prácticas del Grado de Maestro en Educación Primaria e Infantil de la Universitat Jaume I de Castellón sobre los materiales usados en los centros escolares para enseñar matemáticas durante tres cursos pospandemia. Se utilizó un cuestionario revisado por expertos, completado por 264 estudiantes, analizando los resultados con SPSS y QCAmap. Resultados: En el curso 2020/2021, el uso del libro de texto fue significativo en ambos niveles educativos, preferido por su conveniencia en la preparación de sesiones, seguimiento del currículum y refuerzo de conocimientos. Sin embargo, en 2021/2022 y 2022/2023, disminuyó su uso, especialmente en Educación Infantil, sugiriendo una menor dependencia de este recurso. En su lugar, se utilizaron numerosos materiales manipulativos y virtuales, desde figuras geométricas y aplicaciones digitales en Infantil hasta libros en línea y juegos interactivos en Primaria, enriqueciendo la experiencia de aprendizaje. Conclusiones: Según el estudiantado, no hubo cambios significativos en las aulas de Castellón pospandemia.
Augumenting Task and Contextual Performance: Analysing the Critical role of Locus of Control for Sustainable Organizational Performance
Authors: Zia-ur-Rehman Muhammad
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of the study was to find out how task and contextual performance within organizations can be improved so as to achieve sustainable organizational performance. The study indicates that increasing task performance, which is about good implementation of formal job responsibilities, might result in favorable outcomes for sustainable organizational performance. Similarly, promoting contextual performance, which involves extra-role behaviors contributing to efficient organization operation, may also improve sustainable organizational performance. However, essentially, the research is all about raising both dimensions. This study aims at exploring the relationship between External Locus of Control (LOC), task performance and contextual performance among employees. The research design used was descriptive while data for the study was collected using convenience sampling method from 170 middle level managers of banks in Pakistan. After collecting data using a modified questionnaire, IBM SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 were used to analyze it. To conduct this analysis regression analysis was applied.
АНАЛІЗ РОЗВИТКУ РИНКУ ЗЕМЛІ ДЛЯ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМА
Authors: Єремейчук Станіслав , Антонова Світлана , Мартинюк Галина
Published: September 2024

У статті вказано на необхідність ефективного використання земельних ресурсів територіальних громад для підвищення їх спроможності. Відзначено, що поряд із позитивними змінами в інституційному та законодавчому плані, існують численні проблеми, які стримують подальший розвиток земельного ринку. Наведено деякі ключові новації земельного законодавства у воєнний час, які стали як викликами, так і завданнями земельної політики.  Проаналізовано основні показники ринку землі сільськогосподарського призначення в Україні за перший квартал 2023 року та надходження до бюджетів територіальних громад від сплати земельних податків. Відмічено, що за період повномасштабного вторгнення громади зазнали значних втрат, найбільші з яких зафіксовані в Харківській та Херсонській областях. Розглянуто виклики, з якими стикаються територіальні громади при управлінні земельними ресурсами, зокрема недоотримання надходжень від сплати за землю до місцевого бюджету. Наведені результати  опитування «Вплив земельного ринку на добробут та відновлення громад» серед представників територіальних громад. Зроблено висновок про те, що наразі існує певний потенціал підвищення спроможності громад через покращення управління земельними ресурсами.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ДЕРЖАВНИМ БОРГОМ У СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Мельник Лариса , Кондрацька Наталія , Ярута Наталія
Published: September 2024

У статті досліджено теоретичні аспекти державного боргу. Проведено аналіз державного боргу залежно від джерел його формування за період 2018–2022 роки. Оцінено показники динаміки і структури загального та прямого державного боргу України. Досліджено фінансові інструменти залучення ресурсів до державного бюджету. Визначено напрямки оптимізації боргової політики та заходи щодо зменшення боргового навантаження для України в умовах війни.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО ФІНАНСОВОГО КОНТРОЛЮ НА СУЧАСНОМУ ЕТАПІ
Authors: Скаковська Світлана
Published: September 2024

В статті розглянуто сутність державного фінансового контролю та його значимість в системі управління державними фінансами. Сформовано та розглянуто концептуальні положення реформування державного фінансового контролю в контексті забезпечення фінансової безпеки з урахуванням усунення існуючих недоліків. Визначено напрями системного вдосконалення реформування державного фінансового контролю в контексті забезпечення фінансової безпеки. Проаналізовано основні завдання фінансового контролю в системі державного управління. Визначено ступені ефективності державного фінансового контролю.
ІННОВАЦІЇ В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯХ ДЕРЖАВНОГО СЕКТОРУ
Authors: Тихончук Леся , Проказюк Ілля
Published: September 2024

Організації державного сектору в усьому світі вважають розвиток нових ідей та інновацій вирішальним і неминучим. Це можна пояснити гострою глобальною конкуренцією та швидким технологічним розвитком. Інновація – це успішне застосування ідей і процесів для подолання існуючих проблем і розвитку нових можливостей. Поглиблений огляд літератури визначив поведінку лідерів, вплив організаційного клімату та культури на інновації, а також бар’єри, які необхідно подолати для просування інновацій у державному секторі. Концептуальна модель показує взаємозв’язки між інноваціями та іншими критичними концепціями, визначеними в статті.
Geo-Strategic Significance of Afghanistan: An Analysis of IndoPakistan Rivalry from 2014-2021
Authors: Khamosh Zabiullah , Aryanpor Matiullah
Published: September 2024

Afghanistan enjoys an important geo-strategic location in its history, so all the
superpowers, great powers, and regional powers, especially India and Pakistan, have
paid attention to this region. Most importantly, Pakistan has always claimed and
pursued its policy of strategic depth in Afghanistan and maintains that the
mountainous area on the border between the two countries could be the place where it
could defend itself against India in times of armed conflict. On the other hand, India
has always tried to marginalize Pakistan from the beginning of their separation. So, the
problem is that Pakistan analyzes its relations with Afghanistan from the lens of India
and vice versa. This means that none of them want the existence of another in
Afghanistan. Both have a common interest in Afghanistan, which is to reach the rich
resources of Central Asian countries. However, their rivalry and ambitious foreign
policy in Afghanistan caused them to deprive themselves and Afghanistan of economic
and development opportunities. So, this study aims to shed light on the importance of
Afghanistan's geo-strategic for India and Pakistan, the main problems between
Pakistan and India, and the results and impacts of their rivalry in Afghanistan.
Keywords: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Strategic Depth, Politics, Geo-strategic,
Geo-economic, Geopolitics
Optimalisasi Kompetensi Guru Dalam Pengembangan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Berbasis Media Digital
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Haryanti Nur
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kompetensi guru dalam merancang dan mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi berbasis media digital dengan lebih efektif, sehingga mampu memberikan peningkatan pada kualitas pembelajaran serta hasil belajar peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian kualitatif dan desain penelitian partisipatif. Subjek penelitian adalah guru dari berbagai sekolah yang bersedia berpartisipasi dalam program pengembangan kompetensi. Jumlah partisipan disesuaikan dengan kapasitas program pelatihan yang direncanakan.Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa optimalisasi kompetensi guru dalam pembelajaran berdiferensiasi berbasis media digital membawa dampak positif signifikan terhadap kualitas pembelajaran. Peningkatan pengetahuan teknologi, keterampilan pedagogis, dan kemampuan manajemen kelas digital memberikan peluang bagi guru untuk mewujudkan lingkungan belajar yang lebih personal, interaktif, dan efektif.
The Influence of Communication and Leadership on the Performance of Teacher’s Working Groups
Authors: Husnataria Husnataria , Ahyani Nur , Mahasir Mahasir
Published: September 2024

This research aims: (1) to determine the effect of communication on the performance of teacher working groups in Cluster 1 Lempuing Jaya District; (2) to determine the influence of leadership on the performance of teacher working groups in Cluster 1 Lempuing Jaya District; (3) to determine the influence of communication and leadership together on the performance of teacher working groups in Cluster 1 Lempuing Jaya District. This research was carried out in the Lempuing Jaya District Teacher Working Group with a total research sample of 71 teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation studies, and distribution questionnaires. The validity test uses construct validity, while the reliability test uses Cronbach’s Alpha. Linearity Test and Normality Test. The results of this research show that: (1) there is a partially significant influence between communication on the performance of the teacher’s working group; (2) there is a partially significant influence between communication on the performance of the teacher’s working group; (3) there is a significant simultaneous influence between communication and leadership on the performance of the teacher’s working group.
The Influence of Principal’s Leadership and Motivation on Teacher’s Performance
Authors: Ningsih Dwi Melia , Ahyani Nur , Eddy Syaiful
Published: September 2024

This research aims: (1) to determine and describe the influence of the principal’s leadership style on the performance of teachers; (2) to find out and describe the influence of leadership and motivation of school principals on the performance of teachers; and (3) to find out and describe the influence of the head’s leadership style and motivation on the performance of SMP Negeri teachers in Lempuing Jaya Sub-District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This research was carried out at SMP Negeri 1, 2, 3, 4 Kematan with a total research sample of 100 teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation studies, and distribution questionnaires. The validity test uses construct validity, while the reliability test uses Cronbach’s Alpha, Linearity Test and Normality Test. The results of this research show that there is a partially significant influence between leadership style and motivation on the performance of SMP Negeri teachers in Lempuing Jaya Sub-District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. There is a significant simultaneous influence between leadership style and motivation on the performance of Lempuing Jaya SMP Negeri teachers. This study contributes to give attention towards leadership style and motivation when the school will get good teacher’s performance.