bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design considerations and solutions in rapid-prototyping an ultraviolet reactor for ice borehole disinfection
Authors: Keen Peter W. , Brito Mario P.
Published: June 2014

Antarctic subglacial lakes are of great interest to the science community. These systems are considered to be in pristine condition, potentially harbouring an environment containing undisturbed sedimentary sequences and ecosystems adapted to cold oligotrophic environments in the absence of sunlight. Gaining access to subglacial lakes presents major technological challenges. To comply with conventions covering the exploration of pristine Antarctic environments, access should be conducted so the lake is not contaminated in any way. Consequently, all equipment to enter the lake must be sterile and the entrance should isolate the lake from the external environment. Currently, clean access to these environments is achieved using a hot-water drilling system. Differences between the hydraulic pressure head of the lake and the glacial surface result in a section of the borehole being air-filled. It is imperative that this section is disinfected prior to introducing any sampling equipment. This paper describes the design process involved in rapid-prototyping an ultraviolet (UV) disinfection reactor for achieving this goal. Considerations such as UV output, physical constraints, temperature management, and deployment procedures are assessed. We present a design that addresses these considerations.
Novel wireless sensors for in situ measurement of sub-ice hydrologic systems
Authors: Bagshaw E.A. , Lishman B. , Wadham J.L. , Bowden J.A. , Burrow S.G. , Clare L.R. , Chandler D.
Published: June 2014

Wireless sensors have the potential to provide significant insight into in situ physical and biogeochemical processes in sub-ice hydrologic systems. However, the nature of the glacial environment means that sensor deployment and data return is challenging. We describe two bespoke sensor platforms, electronic tracers or ‘ETracers’, and ‘cryoegg’, for untethered, wireless data collection from glacial hydrologic systems, including subglacial channels. Both employ radio frequencies for data transmission, are designed to endure harsh environmental conditions and can withstand low temperatures, high pressure, turbulence and abrasion. We discuss the design, optimization and field testing of the ETracers and cryoegg, culminating in test deployments beneath the Greenland ice sheet. The small, low-cost ETracers were able to travel through subglacial drainage channels, from where they returned water pressure measurements through 100 m of ice, and could measure water depth in crevasses. The larger cryoegg was able to return multi-parameter data from moulins through 500 m of wet ice to receivers up to 2 km away, and from 12 m depth in a proglacial lake to a receiver on the shore. The tests demonstrate that the cryoegg and ETracers are low-power, versatile, robust wireless sensor platforms suitable for glacial environments, which may be used with portable, low-cost receiving equipment.
WISSARD at Subglacial Lake Whillans, West Antarctica: scientific operations and initial observations
Authors: Tulaczyk Slawek , Mikucki Jill A. , Siegfried Matthew R. , Priscu John C. , Barcheck C. Grace , Beem Lucas H. , Behar Alberto , Burnett Justin , Christner Brent C. , Fisher Andrew T. , Fricker Helen A. , Mankoff Kenneth D. , Powell Ross D. , Rack Frank , Sampson Daniel , Scherer Reed P. , Schwartz Susan Y. ,   The Wissard Science Team
Published: June 2014

A clean hot-water drill was used to gain access to Subglacial Lake Whillans (SLW) in late January 2013 as part of the Whillans Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling (WISSARD) project. Over 3 days, we deployed an array of scientific tools through the SLW borehole: a downhole camera, a conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) probe, a Niskin water sampler, an in situ filtration unit, three different sediment corers, a geothermal probe and a geophysical sensor string. Our observations confirm the existence of a subglacial water reservoir whose presence was previously inferred from satellite altimetry and surface geophysics. Subglacial water is about two orders of magnitude less saline than sea water (0.37–0.41 psu vs 35 psu) and two orders of magnitude more saline than pure drill meltwater (<0.002 psu). It reaches a minimum temperature of –0.55~C, consistent with depression of the freezing point by 7.019 MPa of water pressure. Subglacial water was turbid and remained turbid following filtration through 0.45 µm filters. The recovered sediment cores, which sampled down to 0.8 m below the lake bottom, contained a macroscopically structureless diamicton with shear strength between 2 and 6 kPa. Our main operational recommendation for future subglacial access through water-filled boreholes is to supply enough heat to the top of the borehole to keep it from freezing.
2,2',2''-Terpyridine-Catalyzed Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides and Carbon Dioxide under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Liu Huixin , Zeng Renqin , Hua Ruimao
Published: June 2014

An efficient coupling reaction of epoxides with CO2 affording cyclic carbonates with the use of 2,2',2''-terpyridine as catalyst under solvent-free conditions has been developed.
Concentration of Antifouling Biocides and Metals in Sediment Core Samples in the Northern Part of Hiroshima Bay
Authors: Tsunemasa Noritaka , Yamazaki Hideo
Published: June 2014

Accumulation of Ot alternative antifoulants in sediment is the focus of this research. Much research had been done on surface sediment, but in this report, the accumulation in the sediment core was studied. The Ot alternative antifoulants, Diuron, Sea-Nine211, and Irgarol 1051, and the latter’s degradation product, M1, were investigated in five samples from the northern part of Hiroshima Bay. Ot compounds (tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT)) were also investigated for comparison. In addition, metal (Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) levels and chronology were measured to better understand what happens after accumulation on the sea floor. It was discovered that Ot alternative antifoulant accumulation characteristics in sediment were like Ot compounds, with the concentration in the sediment core being much higher than surface sediment. The concentration in sediment seems to have been affected by the regulation of Ot compounds in 1990, due to the concentration of Ot alternative antifoulants and Ot compounds at the survey point in front of the dock, showing an increase from almost the same layer after the regulation.
Human Centred Design Considerations for Connected Health Devices for the Older Adult
Authors: Harte Richard , Glynn Liam , Broderick Barry , Rodriguez-Molinero Alejandro , Baker Paul , McGuiness Bernadette , O'Sullivan Leonard , Diaz Marta , Quinlan Leo , ÓLaighin Gearóid
Published: June 2014

Connected health devices are generally designed for unsupervised use, by non-healthcare professionals, facilitating independent control of the individuals own healthcare. Older adults are major users of such devices and are a population significantly increasing in size. This group presents challenges due to the wide spectrum of capabilities and attitudes towards technology. The fit between capabilities of the user and demands of the device can be optimised in a process called Human Centred Design. Here we review examples of some connected health devices chosen by random selection, assess older adult known capabilities and attitudes and finally make analytical recommendations for design approaches and design specifications.
Registers of Artefacts of Creation—From the Late Medieval Period to the 19th Century
Authors: Dent Chris
Published: June 2014

This paper offers a new perspective on the “development” of the intellectual property regimes in the United Kingdom. The system put in place under the 1875 Trade Marks Act may be seen as the last of a sequence of earlier “technologies” that sought to administer the creative endeavours of (sections of) the English population. Prior to the trade mark registration (that included examination) there was the registration of designs that did not require examination but was necessary for the protection of the right. In the eighteenth century, patent specifications were lodged with the Crown via a process that was much more involved than that was instituted for designs in the nineteenth century. Before that, books had to be enrolled with the Stationers’ Company before they could be printed. And, in what may be seen as an earlier attempt at the centralised regulation of artefacts of expression, the Rolls of Arms (maintained by the King of Arms) was repository of coats of arms for English nobility. An exploration of these different technologies of regulation, in their socio-political context, will offer new insight into the antecedents, and limits, of the registration systems that are now common across the intellectual property world.
Two New Chemical Constituents from the Stem Bark of Garcinia mangostana
Authors: See Irene , Ee Gwendoline , Teh Soek , Kadir Arifah , Daud Shaari
Published: June 2014

A detailed chemical study on the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the stem bark of Garcinia mangostana resulted in the successful isolation of one new prenylated xanthone, mangaxanthone B (1), one new benzophenone, mangaphenone (2), and two known xanthones, mangostanin (3) and mangostenol (4). The structures of these compounds were elucidated through analysis of their spectroscopic data obtained using 1D and 2D NMR and MS techniques.
Flexible Unicast-Based Group Communication for CoAP-Enabled Devices
Authors: Ishaq Isam , Hoebeke Jeroen , Van den Abeele Floris , Rossey Jen , Moerman Ingrid , Demeester Piet
Published: June 2014

Smart embedded objects will become an important part of what is called the Internet of Things. Applications often require concurrent interactions with several of these objects and their resources. Existing solutions have several limitations in terms of reliability, flexibility and manageability of such groups of objects. To overcome these limitations we propose an intermediately level of intelligence to easily manipulate a group of resources across multiple smart objects, building upon the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). We describe the design of our solution to create and manipulate a group of CoAP resources using a single client request. Furthermore we introduce the concept of profiles for the created groups. The use of profiles allows the client to specify in more detail how the group should behave. We have implemented our solution and demonstrate that it covers the complete group life-cycle, i.e., creation, validation, flexible usage and deletion. Finally, we quantitatively analyze the performance of our solution and compare it against multicast-based CoAP group communication. The results show that our solution improves reliability and flexibility with a trade-off in increased communication overhead.
Cross-Racial Interactions during College: A Longitudinal Study of Four Forms of Interracial Interactions among Elite White College Students
Authors: Byrd William
Published: June 2014

College and universities present distinct opportunities to interact across racial and ethnic lines that may influence people’s prejudice toward different groups. This study examines the influence of four forms of cross-race interaction on traditional and modern forms of racial prejudice among white college students at 28 of the most selective colleges and universities in the US. This study finds that, although white students’ level of racial prejudice declines over four years, interracial contact during college does not significantly influence their level of prejudice. Moreover, a race-related form of social identity is the most consistent influence on students’ racial prejudice.
Differential Effects of Indoxyl Sulfate and Inorganic Phosphate in a Murine Cerebral Endothelial Cell Line (bEnd.3)
Authors: Stinghen Andréa , Chillon Jean-Marc , Massy Ziad , Boullier Agnès
Published: June 2014

Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in stroke in chronic kidney disease patients. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we evaluated the effects of two uremic toxins on cerebral endothelium function. bEnd.3 cells were exposed to indoxyl sulfate (IS) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and O2•– were measured using specific fluorophores. Peroxynitrite and eNOS uncoupling were evaluated using ebselen, a peroxide scavenger, and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), respectively. Cell viability decreased after IS or Pi treatment (p < 0.01). Both toxins reduced NO production (IS, p < 0.05; Pi, p < 0.001) and induced ROS production (p < 0.001). IS and 2 mM Pi reduced O2•– production (p < 0.001). Antioxidant pretreatment reduced ROS levels in both IS- and Pi-treated cells, but a more marked reduction of O2•– production was observed in Pi-treated cells (p < 0.001). Ebselen reduced the ROS production induced by the two toxins (p < 0.001); suggesting a role of peroxynitrite in this process. BH4 addition significantly reduced O2•– and increased NO production in Pi-treated cells (p < 0.001), suggesting eNOS uncoupling, but had no effect in IS-treated cells. This study shows, for the first time, that IS and Pi induce cerebral endothelial dysfunction by decreasing NO levels due to enhanced oxidative stress. However, Pi appears to be more deleterious, as it also induces eNOS uncoupling.
Overall View of Chemical and Biochemical Weapons
Authors: Pitschmann Vladimír
Published: June 2014

This article describes a brief history of chemical warfare, which culminated in the signing of the Chemical Weapons Convention. It describes the current level of chemical weapons and the risk of using them. Furthermore, some traditional technology for the development of chemical weapons, such as increasing toxicity, methods of overcoming chemical protection, research on natural toxins or the introduction of binary technology, has been described. In accordance with many parameters, chemical weapons based on traditional technologies have achieved the limit of their development. There is, however, a big potential of their further development based on the most recent knowledge of modern scientific and technical disciplines, particularly at the boundary of chemistry and biology. The risk is even higher due to the fact that already, today, there is a general acceptance of the development of non-lethal chemical weapons at a technologically higher level. In the future, the chemical arsenal will be based on the accumulation of important information from the fields of chemical, biological and toxin weapons. Data banks obtained in this way will be hardly accessible and the risk of their materialization will persist.
Note sur un type de céramique glaçurée des Xe-XIe siècles en Languedoc
Authors: Cazes Jean-Paul
Published: June 2014

Des trouvailles de petits vases glaçurés en contexte funéraire avaient été signalées anciennement dans la région de Carcassonne. Bien que liée à des contextes qui semblaient anciens dans le Moyen Âge, leur chronologie n’était pas formellement établie. Des recherches programmées récentes ont permis des nouvelles découvertes en contexte stratigraphique, que des analyses radiocarbones, notamment, situent aux Xe et XIe s. Une enquête régionale confirme une diffusion centrée sur l’ancien comté de Carcassonne. Ces productions originales semblent donc bien limitées dans l’espace et dans le temps.
L'organisation topographique de la commanderie du Masdéu en Roussillon
Authors: Tréton Rodrigue
Published: June 2014

Founded as early as 1136 in the heart of the county of Roussillon, the Masdéu commanderie is one of the oldest establishments of the religious-military order of the Temple created in the Christian states of Western Europe. Because of the absence of archaeological excavations and the destruction of most of the buildings in 1944, the successive stages that marked the evolution of the topographic organization of this establishment during its long Templar (1136-1307) and later Hopitalière (1315-1792) existence are defined from information scantily delivered by written and planimetric sources
Les territoires de la politique de la ville et leur environnement : une approche spatiale de la précarité sociale (Urban-policy territories and their environment : a spatial approach to social insecurity)
Authors: Ribardière Antonine
Published: June 2014

This study will examine the spatial distribution of social insecurity within the territories targeted by urban-policy schemes. This will enable us to observe the spatial layouts inside territories and to link them to their environment. The variety of these layouts is such that it seems to challenge the enforcement of urban-policy schemes, as much as the variety of social characteristics of territories.
Evitement scolaire : la fuite des collégiens vers Paris (Secondary school avoidance : from suburbs to inner-Paris)
Authors: François Jean-Christophe
Published: June 2014

L'évitement scolaire (l'ensemble des pratiques des familles qui scolarisent leurs enfants dans un autre établissement que celui de l'aire de recrutement à laquelle appartient leur domicile) se diffuse rapidement dans l'espace et la société. On cherche ici à cerner le mouvement des élèves banlieusards qui viennent s'inscrire au collège à Paris intra-muros. Ces « migrants » sont peu nombreux, mais les conséquences locales de l 'évitement peuvent être très importantes, notamment en affectant la composition sociale des établissements : c'est ce que montrent les résultats d'une Analyse Factorielle des Correspondances. Des entretiens avec les parents d'élèves et les responsables de l'administration scolaire permettent enfin de montrer que les motifs des migrants sont divers et leur réussite inégale : l'accès à Paris n'est pas synonyme d'intégration sociale automatique.
L'évolution du risque d'inondation par les cours d'eau méditerranéens français : le rôle de l'accumulation dans le lit majeur (The evolution of flood risk by mediterranean rivers : the part of accumulation in the flood plains)
Authors: Ballais Jean-Louis , Bonté Philippe , Masson Marcel , Garry Gérald , Ben Kehia Houyem , Eyraud Cyril , Ghram Aziza
Published: June 2014

Dans de nombreux cours d'eau méditerranéens français, l'accumulation des formations fines du lit majeur commence au cours de l'Antiquité et se prolonge pendant les périodes médiévale, moderne et contemporaine. La datation isotopique des derniers dépôts de crue du Gardon d'Anduze et de l'Ouvèze montre que cette tendance a perduré au cours de la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle. Les nombreux aménagements effectués ou prévus doivent prendre en compte cette évolution.
L'éruption du volcan Papandayan (Indonésie) en novembre 2002: aléas directs et induits (The november 2002 eruption of the Papandayan volcano (Indonesia) : direct and induced hazards)
Authors: Lavigne Franck , Hadisantono Rudy , Surmayadi Mamay , Flohic François , Geyer Florian
Published: June 2014

Le volcan indonésien Papandayan est entré en éruption en novembre 2002, éjectant plus d'un million de mètres cubes de cendres volcaniques. Malgré la faible magnitude de l'éruption, les pertes directes ont été considérables (1,5 M US$) et l'ensemble du bassin versant a été bouleversé par plusieurs processus morphodynamiques qui se sont succédés dans le temps et dans l'espace.
Risques naturels et aménagements en Europe : répartition des compétences, niveaux territoriaux de gestion des risques et acteurs (Natural risks and development control in Europe : institutional structures, steps for risks management and actors)
Authors: Veyret Yvette , Garry Gérald , Meschinet de Richemond Nancy
Published: June 2014

We present here some aspects of the natural risk management (floods, landslides, seisms) in Europe. The regulations, the actors and the various levels of decisions are different. The cartography is present everywhere with nevertheless different purposes according to countries. The place of the insurances is not identical in all the countries.
Montagnes du «Sud», montagnes du «Nord» : vivre et non mourir, dans la plus généreuse ou la plus attrayante ! (South mountain, north mountain : to live and not to die, in the most generous or the most attractive one !)
Authors: Le Griel Alain
Published: June 2014

Based on the examples of two recent tragedies - Merapi' s November 1994 nuée ardente in Java and Montroc' s February 1999 avalanche, in France, that occurred on the communal territory of Chamonix - this paper attempts to pinpoint some of the many complex relationships between catastrophic events and their specific spatial contexts, namely two mountainous terrains with quite different characteristics. While the first part dealing with objective data proposes an analysis of the role played by topography in the risk chain, most of the paper focuses on subjective data and the influence of the logic of territory (lato sensu) on human strategies.
L'enseignement supérieur, levier de mutation socio-économique ? Le cas de La Roche-sur-Yon (Universitary learning, way of social and economical change? The case of La Roche-sur-Yon)
Authors: Fache Jacques
Published: June 2014

L'enseignement supérieur est souvent perçu comme un moteur de développement local. L'implantation d'un IUT à La Roche-sur-Yon est l'exemple d'une création d' établissement qui se heurte à de nombreux obstacles : présence de métropoles universitaires proches, tissu économique local déconnecté de l'IUT... Pour le moment, les effets de l'implantation sont très faibles, et l'effet d'image inexistant. Le cas yonnais est révélateur de l'impossibilité de décréter les synergies qui dépendent de facteurs subtils non planifiables.
Géographie des relations entre l'emploi et le système de formation des activités financières à Paris (Geography of the relations between employment and the higher education system regarding the financial activities sector of Paris)
Authors: Rousset-Deschamps Marcel
Published: June 2014

The elaboration of the cognitive model of employment concentrates the most skilled jobs in the Ile-de-France. The educative world is currently adapting to the new characteristics of the financial industry. An unique system of interrelations is developping in the metropolitan area of Paris where the creation, renewal and devaluation of skills and the knowledge is highly dynamic.
Du terroir au territoire : le sens politique et social de la fragmentation géographique des vignobles (From "terroir" to territory : wine geographical division can be political and social as well)
Authors: Hinnewinkel Jean-Claude , Vélasco-Graciet Hélène
Published: June 2014

The example of Bordeaux region shows that the mechanism of wine geographical division seems more to be linked to social than natural aspects. The division between "terroirs" of quality wine production depends more often on the wine grower organisation than on soil criteria that are still largely put forward. It can largely be explained with the setting up conditions of appellation areas. In a very changing wine area such as the Cahors region, natural aspect still prevail on social aspects, which appears like a "scientific" explanation that hides political and social decisions.
Pour une réflexion sur les proximités spatiales dans la ville : proximités, limites et maillages en Ile-de-France (Thinking about spatial proximities in town : proximities, boundaries and landscape networking in Ile de France)
Authors: Saint-Julien Thérèse
Published: June 2014

Ce numéro axe la réflexion sur les relations entre d'une part, les différenciations territoriales dans la ville et d'autre part, la proximité spatiale et les maillages de gestion, ces derniers étant plus spécialement abordés à propos de la signification des périmètres des «politiques de la ville», et à propos des stratégies d'évitement de la carte scolaire. Compte tenu de la problématique générale dans laquelle s'inscrit ce volume, des approches multi-échelles sont privilégiées pour saisir l'intérêt et les artefacts des différentes formes de catégorisations spatiales mises en œuvre. Volontairement les études rassemblées correspondent à une large palette thématique.
Development of microsatellites in Labisia pumila (Myrsinaceae), an economically important Malaysian herb
Authors: Tnah Lee Hong , Lee Chai Ting , Lee Soon Leong , Ng Chin Hong , Ng Kevin Kit Siong
Published: June 2014

• Premise of the study: The exploitation of Labisia pumila for commercial demand is gradually increasing. It is therefore important that conservation is prioritized to ensure sustainable utilization. We developed microsatellites for L. pumila var. alata and evaluated their polymorphism across var. alata, var. pumila, and var. lanceolata.

• Methods and Results: Ten polymorphic microsatellites of L. pumila were developed using the magnetic bead hybridization selection approach. A total of 84, 48, and 66 alleles were observed in L. pumila var. alata, var. pumila, and var. lanceolata, respectively. The species is likely a tetraploid, with the majority of the loci exhibiting up to four alleles per individual.

• Conclusions: This is the first report on the development of microsatellites in L. pumila. The microsatellites will provide a good basis for investigating the population genetics of the species and will serve as a useful tool for DNA profiling.
Characterization of 10 new nuclear microsatellite markers in Acca sellowiana (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Klabunde Gustavo H. F. , Olkoski Denise , Vilperte Vinicius , Zucchi Maria I. , Nodari Rubens O.
Published: June 2014

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were identified and characterized in Acca sellowiana in order to expand the limited number of pre‐existing polymorphic markers for use in population genetic studies for conservation, phylogeography, breeding, and domestication.

• Methods and Results: A total of 10 polymorphic microsatellite primers were designed from clones obtained from a simple sequence repeat (SSR)–enriched genomic library. The primers amplified di‐ and trinucleotide repeats with four to 27 alleles per locus. In all tested populations, the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.269 to 1.0.

• Conclusions: These new polymorphic SSR markers will allow future genetic studies to be denser, either for genetic structure characterization of natural populations or for studies involving genetic breeding and domestication process in A. sellowiana.
Synthesis of chiral N-phosphoryl aziridines through enantioselective aziridination of alkenes with phosphoryl azide via Co(II)-based metalloradical catalysis
Authors: Tao Jingran , Jin Li-Mei , Zhang X Peter
Published: June 2014

The Co(II) complex of a new D2-symmetric chiral porphyrin 3,5-DiMes-QingPhyrin, [Co(P6)], can catalyze asymmetric aziridination of alkenes with bis(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)phosphoryl azide (TcepN3) as a nitrene source. This new Co(II)-based metalloradical aziridination is suitable for different aromatic olefins, producing the corresponding N-phosphorylaziridines in good to excellent yields (up to 99%) with moderate to high enantioselectivities (up to 85% ee). In addition to mild reaction conditions and generation of N2 as the only byproduct, this new metalloradical catalytic system is highlighted with a practical protocol that operates under neutral and non-oxidative conditions.
CPU AND GPU (CUDA) TEMPLATE MATCHING COMPARISON / CPU IR GPU (CUDA) PALYGINIMAS VYKDANT ŠABLONŲ ATITIKTIES ALGORITMĄ
Authors: Borcovas Evaldas , Daunys Gintautas
Published: June 2014

Image processing, computer vision or other complicated opticalinformation processing algorithms require large resources. It isoften desired to execute algorithms in real time. It is hard tofulfill such requirements with single CPU processor. NVidiaproposed CUDA technology enables programmer to use theGPU resources in the computer. Current research was madewith Intel Pentium Dual-Core T4500 2.3 GHz processor with4 GB RAM DDR3 (CPU I), NVidia GeForce GT320M CUDAcompliable graphics card (GPU I) and Intel Core I5-2500K3.3 GHz processor with 4 GB RAM DDR3 (CPU II), NVidiaGeForce GTX 560 CUDA compatible graphic card (GPU II).Additional libraries as OpenCV 2.1 and OpenCV 2.4.0 CUDAcompliable were used for the testing. Main test were made withstandard function MatchTemplate from the OpenCV libraries.The algorithm uses a main image and a template. An influenceof these factors was tested. Main image and template have beenresized and the algorithm computing time and performancein Gtpix/s have been measured. According to the informationobtained from the research GPU computing using the hardwarementioned earlier is till 24 times faster when it is processing abig amount of information. When the images are small the performanceof CPU and GPU are not significantly different. Thechoice of the template size makes influence on calculating withCPU. Difference in the computing time between the GPUs canbe explained by the number of cores which they have.
Vaizdų apdorojimas, kompiuterinė rega ir kiti sudėtingi algoritmai, apdorojantys optinę informaciją, naudoja dideliusskaičiavimo išteklius. Dažnai šiuos algoritmus reikia realizuoti realiuoju laiku. Šį uždavinį išspręsti naudojant tik vienoCPU (angl. Central processing unit) pajėgumus yra sudėtinga. nVidia pasiūlyta CUDA (angl. Compute unified device architecture)technologija leidžia panaudoti GPU (angl. Graphic processing unit) išteklius. Tyrimui atlikti buvo pasirinkti du skirtingiCPU: Intel Pentium Dual-Core T4500 ir Intel Core I5 2500K, bei GPU: nVidia GeForce GT320M ir NVidia GeForce 560.Tyrime buvo panaudotos vaizdų apdorojimo bibliotekos: OpenCV 2.1 ir OpenCV 2.4. Tyrimui buvo pasirinktas šablonų atitiktiesalgoritmas. Algoritmui realizuoti reikalingas analizuojamas vaizdas ir ieškomo objekto vaizdo šablonas. Tyrimo metu buvokeičiamas vaizdo ir šablono dydis bei stebima, kaip tai veikia algoritmo vykdymo trukmę ir vykdomų operacijų skaičių persekundę. Iš gautų rezultatų galima teigti, kad apdorojant didelį duomenų kiekį GPU realizuoja algoritmą iki 24 kartų greičiaunei tik CPU. Dirbant su nedideliu duomenų kiekiu, skirtumas tarp CPU ir GPU yra minimalus. Lyginant skaičiavimus dviejuoseGPU, pastebėta, kad skaičiavimų sparta yra tiesiogiai proporcinga GPU turimų branduolių kiekiui. Mūsų tyrimo atvejuspartesniame GPU jų buvo 16 kartų daugiau, tad ir skaičiavimai vyko 16 kartų sparčiau.
COUNTING OF MOVING OBJECTS USING EMBEDDED SYSTEM AND CMOS CAMERA / PRAEINANČIŲ ŽMONIŲ SKAIČIAVIMAS ĮTERPTINĖJE SISTEMOJE NAUDOJANT VAIZDO KAMERĄ
Authors: Kovaliov Nikolaj , Ušinskas Andrius
Published: June 2014

Image processing is inescapable and long process required forimage recognition. To implement it in an embedded systemwith limited resources, process optimizations should be made.This paper presents an algorithm for counting incoming andoutgoing moving objects. The algorithm is implemented inSTM3210E- EVAL development board, where image processingis done.
Vaizdų apdorojimas – daug išteklių ir laiko reikalaujantis uždavinys. Šiame straipsnyje optimizuojamos vaizdo apdorojimofunkcijos, nes įterptinės sistemos, kuri atliks šią užduotį, ištekliai yra itin riboti. Nagrinėjamas algoritmas yra skirtasjudantiems (išeinantiems ir einantiems) objektams skaičiuoti. Algoritmas įgyvendintas naudojant STM3210E-EVAL maketą irCMOS kamerą OV7725. Gautas patenkinamas rezultatas – vaizdo apdorojimo sparta 0,5 kadro/s – gali būti gerinamas įvertinusaplinkos apšvietimo kitimą.
DESIGN OF THE PEDAGOGICAL MODULE FOR AN EMOTIONALLY INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEM / PEDAGOGINIO MODULIO EMOCIJAS SUPRANTANČIAI MOKYMO SISTEMAI KŪRIMAS
Authors: Petrovica Sintija
Published: June 2014

Since 1970-ties the research is being carried out for the development of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) that aretrying to imitate human-teachers and their teaching methods. However, over the last decade researchers inspired by the closerelationship between emotions and learning have been working on the addition of an emotional component to human-computerinteraction. This has led to creation of a new generation of intelligent tutoring systems – emotionally intelligent tutoring systems(EITS). Despite the research carried out so far, a problem how to adapt tutoring not only to a student’s knowledge state butalso to his/her emotional state has been disregarded. The paper presents study on how to use the determined student’s emotionalstate further in order to change behaviour of the intelligent tutoring system looking from the pedagogical point of view and toimplement this as a part of the pedagogical module. The architecture of the planned tutoring system that adapts the tutoring bothto student’s emotions and knowledge is also described in the paper. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami klausimai, susiję su informacijos apienustatytą studento emocinę būklę taikymu sumaniosios mokymosistemos elgsenai keisti, taip pat emocinės būklės poveikis mokymoprocesui pedagoginiu požiūriu. Siūlomas pedagoginiamsaspektams įgyvendinti specializuotas informacinės sistemosmodulis. Parodoma pedagoginio modulio vieta sumaniosiosmokymo sistemos, pritaikančios mokymo procesą konkretausstudento žinių ir emociniam lygmenims, architektūroje.
Croyance, idéologie, mythes. Quelques échanges Evelyn Granjon et Massimiliano Sommantico
Authors: Granjon Evelyn , Sommantico Massimiliano
Published: June 2014

Les auteurs échangent et s’interrogent sur divers aspects des croyances, en les différenciant notamment des mythes et des idéologies. Ils abordent des questions théoriques aussi bien que cliniques concernant les rapports entre héritage transgénérationnel et croyance, en discutant de ce qui se passe dans le travail du « néo-groupe » thérapeutique et dans le travail du contretransfert. Des questions soulevées par les changements dans l’hypermodernité et les croyances dans le pouvoir absolu du corps sont posées.
Le conflit de croyances dans les psychés familiale et individuelle haïtiennes après le séisme du 12 janvier 2010
Authors: Derivois Daniel , Brolles Lisbeth , Ampidu Clorméus Lewis , Bonnaire Christelle
Published: June 2014

Les catastrophes naturelles réactivent les croyances religieuses et culturelles dans la population sinistrée d’Haïti. C’est souvent l’occasion d’interroger l’au-delà en ce qu’il constitue une possibilité d’apaisement dans la quête de sens face aux traumatismes et à l’irreprésentable. À partir du cas d’une adolescente de 13 ans rencontrée en groupe et en entretien individuel dans le cadre d’une recherche sur la résilience suite au séisme du 12 janvier 2010 en Haïti, un conflit de croyances dans les psychés familiale et individuelle est mis en évidence. Ce conflit qui remonte aux origines de l’histoire d’Haïti permet notamment de discuter de la résilience des esprits dans la psyché collective haïtienne et de réfléchir sur les modalités d’un accompagnement thérapeutique.
Jeu et joueurs en psychanalyse familiale
Authors: Loncan Anne
Published: June 2014

Avant d’esquisser cette approche du jeu en séance et dans le déroulement d’une thérapie familiale psychanalytique, l’auteur résume les définitions du jeu, son abord socio-anthropologique et insiste sur ce qu’il en ressort d’utile et d’usité plus particulièrement en psychanalyse familiale. L’exemple clinique illustre une part des fonctions transitionnelles, intersubjectives, symboliques et dynamiques du jeu qui se font jour à travers la représentation, l’écoute plurielle qu’il sollicite, le transfert et le contretransfert. Sa puissance métaphorique accélère l’interfantasmatisation, engage vers la mythopoièse et pousse à l’accroissement et au partage de la pensée.
Iopas revisited (Aeneid I 740 ff.)
Authors: Segal Charles
Published: June 2014

No disponible.
CIL IV 6892
Authors: Baldwin Barry
Published: June 2014

No disponible.
Lingüística, idiomática y español de América
Authors: Montes G. José Joaquín
Published: June 2014

Esta nota no pretende ninguna originalidad particular. Intenta simplemente hacer un recuento de pronunciamientos anteriores sobre el tema lingüística-idiomática, buscar un poco más de claridad al respecto, precisar el concepto de lo idiomático en un aspecto relativamente nuevo y aplicar esto a ciertos problemas del español de América.
Norma y prestigio en el español de América. Apuntes para una planificación de la lengua española
Authors: Moreno Fernández Francisco
Published: June 2014

Estas páginas pretenden desarrollar algunas de las ideas expuestas en el trabajo "Planificación lingüística y Dialectología" y proyectarlas sobre el español de América. Una planificación del español en el mundo hispánico es, hoy por hoy, una empresa difícil, dado que falta mucho por conocer de la realidad americana en sus facetas lingüística y socio-lingüística y de la actitud de sus propios hablantes hacia la lengua y sus usos. Mal puede planificarse cuando se conoce poco lo que ha de ser planificado. Sin embargo, no ignoramos tanto que no puedan concebirse algunas pautas generales sobre qué camino podría tomar una futura planificación de la lengua española. Los planteamientos que aquí presentamos son generales y apriorísticos
Variación dialectal y sociocultural en la documentación indiana del siglo XVI
Authors: Frago Gracia Juan A.
Published: June 2014

En el planteamiento de esta cuestión documental dos perspectivas históricas quedan inicialmente implicadas. La primera hace referencia a la estratificación social y cultural de la comunidad de hablantes. El mayor —en relación con la situación actual— distanciamiento entre las diferentes capas de la población de la España del XVI es algo bien conocido por los historiadores no lingüistas y que no podemos permitirnos ignorar del todo; tampoco servirá de nada querer llenar las lagunas en este campo del saber humanístico con un imaginativo diletantismo, ni trasladando al ayer sin más, anacrónicamente, situaciones que son exclusivas del hoy. Ninguna duda cabe de que la moderna diversidad social acarrea inevitables consecuencias lingüísticas en lo que a usos normativos toca, y la misma seguridad hemos de tener en el sentido de que semejante condicionamiento separó aún más los límites diastráticos en el español de pasadas centurias. El problema está en adecuar el principio teórico y metodológico al análisis textual, de forma que a la premisa del encuadramiento sociológico le siga una consecuente concreción en términos de historia lingüística.
Sobre el petrarquismo peruano
Authors: Meo Zilio Giovanni
Published: June 2014

Análisis crítico del libro de Alicia de Colombí-Monguió, Petrarquismo peruano: Diego Dávalos y Figueroa y la poesía de la "Miscelánea Austral" (Londres, 1985), que representa el primer trabajo realmente importante de la obra de Dávalos, autor de fines del siglo XVI casi desconocido por los no especialistas, quien, sin embargo, fue hombre a la vez representativo y excepcional en la cultura del Virreinato del Perú.
El español del Caribe: unidad frente a diversidad dialectal
Authors: Alba Orlando
Published: June 2014

Muchos investigadores consideran que las grandes Antillas españolas exhiben una notable homogeneidad lingüística que permite hablar con propiedad sobre "el español antillano" o "el español del Caribe" como una entidad dialectal única. Esa convicción o impresión de uniformidad, sin embargo, contrasta con las creencias o las apreciaciones subjetivas de los propios hablantes caribeños (cubanos, dominicanos y puertorriqueños) para quienes sus respectivos dialectos son inconfundibles. La discrepancia de visiones podría tener su explicación en variados factores. En tanto unos (lingüistas o investigadores), en su búsqueda de patrones y generalizaciones, con frecuencia se inclinan por poner el énfasis en las semejanzas, los otros (los usuarios, los hablantes) centran especialmente su atención en las diferencias, en lo individualizador. Parece legítimo plantear, en consecuencia, la disyuntiva sobre la unidad o la diversidad lingüística del Caribe hispánico.
La lengua española en Panamá
Authors: Quilis Antonio , Graell Stanziola Matilde
Published: June 2014

Durante el verano de 1987, los autores de este trabajo recorrieron la República de Panamá, haciendo las encuestas previstas para el Atlas Lingüístico de Hispanoamérica. Se aplicó el Cuestionario que, para la recogida de los materiales de esta obra, redactaron Manuel Alvar y Antonio Quilis. Este trabajo sólo pretende dar cuenta de los hechos más destacados encontrados y que, normalmente, no habían sido señalados para todo el territorio. La bibliografía sobre el español de Panamá es escasa y, por otro lado, muy desigual: desde valiosos títulos hasta monografías que carecen del más mínimo rigor científico. En este estudio, sólo se citan aquellos trabajos que contienen alguna aportación para el conocimiento del tema que nos ocupa.
Sobre geografía lingüística del español de América
Authors: García Mouton Pilar
Published: June 2014

La geografía lingüística nació europea y en Europa ha tenido hasta ahora sus mayores logros. Desde los grandes atlas fonéticos, como el de Francia, pasando por el innovador Atlas Italo-Suizo, hasta los atlas regionales más elaborados. Y, junto a ellos, las grandes empresas internacionales, como el Atlas Linguarum Europae o el proyecto del Atlas Lingüístico Románico. De la mano de lingüistas europeos la metodología pasó hace tiempo a América y allí se planearon nuevos trabajos. En las últimas empresas allí emprendidas irrumpe con fuerza la innovación teórica, que les da un giro sociolingüístico ya esbozado en los trabajos geolingüísticos más tradicionales. Esta incorporación de presupuestos teóricos nuevos no excluye la necesidad de asumir la metodología más asentada, donde los atlas pueden aprovechar las experiencias de los europeos y facilitar el estudio comparado. Lo fundamental es que, admitiendo lo innovador, no se pierda la visión espacial, tan necesaria todavía hoy para caracterizar y comparar el español de las distintas zonas de América.
Increasing access into higher education: Insights from the 2011 African Network on Evidence-to-Action on Disability Symposium – Education Commission
Authors: Lyner-Cleophas Marcia , Swart Estelle , Chataika Tsitsi , Bell Diane
Published: June 2014

This article provides some insights into the challenges regarding inclusion in higher education of students with disabilities. It does this by elucidating aspects of the proceedings of the Education Commission at the African Network on Evidence-to-Action on Disability (AfriNEAD) Symposium, which took place in Zimbabwe in November 2011. The presentations specifically focused on the education of people with disabilities from early childhood through to higher education. This article, however, is informed by presentations focusing on increasing access to higher education. The article is focused on the implementation of evidence in practice, research and policies stemming from rigorous debate and scientific foundations, whilst taking into account the dynamic realities of the higher education context. Themes such as the systemic approach needed for inclusion to be successful, increasing access and the dynamic role of students with disabilities are highlighted.
Crucial Factors for the Acceptance of a Computerized National Medication List
Authors: Hoerbst A. , Duftschmid G. , Gall W. , Janzek-Hawlat S. , Jung M. , Woertz K. , Dorda W. , Ammenwerth E. , Hackl W.O.
Published: June 2014

Objective: The objective of this paper is to present crucial factors among registered doctors and pharmacists for acceptance of the Austrian ’e-Medikation’ system which is aimed at providing, on a national level, complete and recent information on all the medication that were prescribed or dispensed to a patient.

Methods: As the accompanying formative evaluation study of the pilot project showed different overall acceptance rates among participating physicians and pharmacists, a decision tree analysis of 30 standardized survey items was performed to identify crucial acceptance factors.

Results: For the physicians’ group, only two items (fear of improper data use and satisfaction with software support) were crucial for overall e-Medikation acceptance. The analysis of the pharmacists’ data resulted in five crucial factors primarily focusing on functional aspects and the perceived benefits of e-Medikation.

Conclusion: The results indicate that the acceptance among physicians and pharmacists depends on quite different factors. This must be taken into account during the planned rollout of e-Medikation or of comparable products.
Een inleiding tot de sociolinguïstische geschiedenis van het Nederlands in vroegmodern Groot-Brittannië
Authors: Joby Christopher
Published: June 2014

This article provides an initial overview of a subject which has to date received litttle academic attention: the use of Dutch in early modern Britain. The picture that emerges is that the Dutch language was used in a variety of social contexts, including the church, work, the home and at court, in particular that of the Anglo-Dutch King, William III. Although for most of those who used the language in Britain Dutch was their mother tongue, there were also Britons who learnt the language, such as those who married Dutch-speakers; merchants who traded with the Dutch and other Britons; such as the famous scientist, Robert Hooke.
Technical Note: Adjoint formulation of the TOMCAT atmospheric transport scheme in the Eulerian backtracking framework (RETRO-TOM)
Authors: Haines P. E. , Esler J. G. , Carver G. D.
Published: June 2014

Abstract. A new methodology for the formulation of an adjoint to the transport component of the chemistry transport model TOMCAT is described and implemented in a new model, RETRO-TOM. The Eulerian backtracking method is used, allowing the forward advection scheme (Prather's second-order moments) to be efficiently exploited in the backward adjoint calculations. Prather's scheme is shown to be time symmetric, suggesting the possibility of high accuracy. To attain this accuracy, however, it is necessary to make a careful treatment of the "density inconsistency" problem inherent to offline transport models. The results are verified using a series of test experiments. These demonstrate the high accuracy of RETRO-TOM when compared with direct forward sensitivity calculations, at least for problems in which flux limiters in the advection scheme are not required. RETRO-TOM therefore combines the flexibility and stability of a "finite difference of adjoint" formulation with the accuracy of an "adjoint of finite difference" formulation.