bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indikatoren zur Schätzung des Trockenheitsrisikos in Buchen- und Fichtenwäldern
Authors: Braun Sabine , Remund Jan , Rihm Beat
Published: November 2015

Indicators for quantitative assessment of drought risks in beech and Norway spruce forests

The application of climate models to forecast future forest development asks for quantitative drought-response relationships, with the term “drought” first needing a definition. The long-term data series of an intercantonal forest observation program allowed to test various drought indicators, to compare them and to derive quantitative relationships for beech and Norway spruce. For basal area increment of both tree species indicators of the site water balance (SWB) performed best. For beech mortality site water balance and several indicators basing on the ratio between actual and potential evapo-transpiration (ETa/ETp) were equivalent, whereas for spruce mortality ETa/ETp during the first 80 days of the season was the best indicator. With these indicators the average drought related growth reduction after 2003 – a year with extreme drought – was estimated to amount to 32% for beech and 37% for Norway spruce. Mortality of Norway spruce increased by 130%, whereas the estimates for the increase of beech mortality vary between 54 and 110%, depending on the indicator. The observed quantitative relationships for growth were applied to map drought responses of growth for Switzerland. The maps clearly show the dry regions of Switzerland (northern Switzerland, southern Jura foothills, Lemanic region, Valais and Rhine valley around Chur), where basal area increment of beech and Norway spruce was reduced by more than 40%.
Zuwachs und Klimasensitivität von Baumarten im Ökogramm der kollinen und submontanen Stufe
Authors: Weber Pascale , Heiri Caroline , Lévesque Mathieu , Sanders Tanja , Trotsiuk Volodymyr , Walthert Lorenz
Published: November 2015

Growth potential and climate sensitivity of tree species in the ecogram for the colline and submontane zone

In forestry practice a large amount of empirical knowledge exists about the productivity of individual tree species in relation to site properties. However, so far, only few scientific studies have investigated the influence of soil properties on the growth potential of various tree species along gradients of soil water as well as nutrient availability. Thus, there is a research gap to estimate the productivity and climate sensitivity of tree species under climate change, especially regarding productive sites and forest ad-mixtures in the lower elevations. Using what we call a «growth ecogram», we demonstrate species- and site-specific patterns of mean annual basal area increment and mean sensitivity of ring width (strength of year-to-year variation) for Fagus sylvatica, Quercus spp., Fraxinus excelsior, Picea abies, Abies alba and Pinus sylvestris, based on tree-ring data from 508 (co-)dominant trees on 27 locations. For beech, annual basal area increment ( average 1957–2006) was significantly correlated with tree height of the dominant sampling trees and proved itself as a possible alternative for assessing site quality. The fact that dominant trees of the different tree species showed partly similar growth potential within the same ecotype indicates comparable growth limitation by site conditions. Mean sensitivity of ring width – a measure of climate sensitivity – had decreased for oak and ash, while it had increased in pine. Beech showed diverging reactions with increasing sensitivity at productive sites (as measured by the C:N ratio of the topsoil), suggesting an increasing limitation by climate at these sites. Hence, we derive an important role of soil properties in the response of forests to climate change at lower elevations, which should be taken into account when estimating future forest productivity.
Entwicklung klimasensitiver Wachstumsfunktionen für das Szenariomodell «Massimo»
Authors: Rohner Brigitte , Thürig Esther
Published: November 2015

Development of climate-dependent growth functions for the scenario model “Massimo”

Tree growth is substantially influenced by climatic factors. In the face of climate change, climate effects should therefore be included in estimations of Switzerland's future forest productivity. In order to include climate effects in the growth functions of the “Massimo” model, which is typically applied to project forest resources in Switzerland, we statistically modelled climate effects on tree growth representatively for Switzerland by simultaneously considering further growth-influencing factors. First, we used tree ring data to evaluate how climate variables should be defined. This analyses showed that for modelling multi-year tree growth we should use averages of whole-year variables. Second, we fitted nonlinear mixed-effects models separately for the main tree species to individual-tree growth data from the Swiss National Forest Inventory. In these models, we combined climate variables defined according to the results of the tree ring study with various further variables that characterize sites, stands and individual trees. The quantified effects were generally plausible and explained convincingly the physiological differences between the species. The statistical growth models for the main tree species will now be included in the forest scenario model “Massimo”. This will allow for founded analyses of scenarios which assume changing climatic conditions.
Einfluss wildlebender Huftiere auf die Waldverjüngung: ein Überblick für die Schweiz
Authors: Kupferschmid Andrea D. , Heiri Caroline , Huber Markus , Fehr Michiel , Frei Maurus , Gmür Pascal , Imesch Nicole , Zinggeler Jürg , Brang Peter , Clivaz Jean-Christophe , Odermatt Oswald
Published: November 2015

Influence of wild ungulates on forest regeneration: overview for Switzerland

Terminal shoots of tree saplings are part of the diet of chamois, roe and red deer, which in turn can affect forest regeneration. We investigated the current extent of browsing influence on the Swiss forest and the existence of regional differences. Our overview includes all available, regionally assessed data on the influence of roe deer, chamois and red deer in Switzerland, i.e. data of the fourth Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI 2009/13) and data from the cantons derived from 1) representative sample plot inventories, 2) surveys in selected forest areas and 3) assessments by expert opinion. In the time period between approx. 2009 and 2014 no larger region of Switzerland stood out with respect to browsing influence. On the level of the ungulates home range or forest districts we found large differences in the browsing impact, but on at least two-thirds of the assessed forest area of Switzerland browsing had no major influence on single tree species nor on forest regeneration in general (browsing level 1). In the colline vegetation belt frequent browsing has the most adverse influence on oak, in the montane belt on silver fir and in the lower subalpine belt on maple and rowan. Investigations focusing on a better understanding of the relationship between the objectively measurable browsing intensity and regeneration density as well as data on seedlings <10 cm would allow an even better assessment of the browsing influence on the forest. With Swiss-wide standardized assessments by expert opinion within uniformly defined ungulate home ranges, the comparability of data on the impact of wild ungulates on the Swiss forest could be further improved.
Assessment of bacterial load of poultry meat used at dining hall of Bangladesh Agricultural University campus
Authors: Hossain Mahmud , Hoda Nazmul , Hossen Mohammad Jobayer , Hasan M Mahmudul , Rahman Syed Mohammad Ehsanur , Kabir SM Lutful
Published: November 2015

The present study was undertaken to investigate the microbiological quality of poultry meat used in different hall of Bangladesh Agricultural University campus. Sanitary condition of dining hall was assessed by using a standard questionnaire. Thirty samples were collected from Isha Khan hall, Fazlul Haque hall and Taposhi Rabeya hall. Microbial load was determined by total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC) and total salmonella count (TSC). Samples were inoculated into various selective media such as plate count (PCA) agar, xylose lysine deoxycholate Agar (XLDA) and MacConkey agar (MCA). It is found that the age of maximum workers (53%) is between 25-35 years. Educational level of dining workers are in same frequency of illiterate and below class eight. Only 6.7% are SSC passed. Most of dining workers have no knowledge on hygienic practices. 43.3% partially know about hygienic practices and 3.3% have no knowledge. Sanitary condition of dining hall is not satisfactory. Only 3.3% disinfectants are used in dining hall. There is no proper washing facilities. About 63.3% washing facilities are in medium level. Only E. coli and Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified from the samples. The mean value of TVC, TCC and TSC in broiler thigh meats of Isha Khan hall, Fazlul Haque hall and Taposhi Rabeya hall are log 5.65, log 5.77, log 6.06 CFU/g, log 3.26, 3.41, 3.42 CFU/g and log 2.95, log 2.92 log 2.97 CFU/g respectively. The variation of TVC in meats of different dining hall was significant (p<0.05) at 5% level of probability whereas TCC and TSC obtained from meat samples of different hall were not significant (p<0.05). Presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in meat must need particular attention as these organisms are responsible for causing harm to public health. Suggestions have been given to improve the present sanitary condition of dining hall to minimize bacterial load.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 9-16
Seroprevalence of canine brucellosis in Dhaka city corporation area, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman M Shamshur , Kabir SM Lutful , Rahman M Siddiqur
Published: November 2015

An investigation was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in pet dogs of Dhaka City Corporation area. A total of 50 sera samples from pet dogs were collected. Additional data on risk factors (breed, age, sex, any abnormality during sample collection etc.) were recorded during sample collection by using standard questionnaire. Sera were separated from blood samples and tested with the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Indirect Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (IELISA) parallely. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in pet dogs was found 4.00% by RBPT & IELISA. The results of both serological methods were equal in terms of ability to detect Canine Brucellosis. Statistically higher seroprevalence of brucellosis (6.06%) was found in dog aged 1.5 to 2.5 years. Higher seroprevalence (15.38%) was found also in female pet dogs and no response in male pet dogs.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 17-21
Reproductive performance of Black Bengal goat under semi-intensive and extensive condition in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Jahid , Ahmed Jalal Uddin , Alam Md Mahmudul , Mojumder Mohammad Liaquat Osman , Ali Md Showkat
Published: November 2015

The present study was carried out to investigate the status of different reproductive parameters of Black Bengal in a rural area of Mukterpur under Charghat Upazilla of Rajshahi district during the period of July to December/2012. A total of 200 Black Bengal goats under both semi-intensive (n=100) and extensive condition (n=100) were selected on the basis of age, weight, body shape and conformation. The average age at puberty was 197.82±12.58 days and age at first conception was 292.96±0.50 days under semi-intensive condition whereas 208.82±12.60 days and 287.65±0.52 days under extensive condition. Age at first kidding was 448.26±25.48 days under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition it was 450.07±22.43 days. Average litter size in the first, second and third parity was 1.06, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition, these were 1.01, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively. The average kidding interval of goats under semi-intensive and extensive conditions were 190.2±20 and 178.23±.50 days, respectively and the difference between these two was statistically significant (p<0.01). Sex ratio of male and female kids born was found to be 56 : 44, 44 : 56 and 55 : 45 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas, it was 55 : 45, 48 : 52 and 54 : 56 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under extensive condition. The usual numbers of kids at one time in Black Bengal goats varied from single to quadruplet. Average post partum weight of does was higher under semi-intensive condition than extensive condition which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Age of kid mortality was more in first parity under one month of age but gradually decreased with the age of kids under both semi-intensive condition and extensive condition. The average birth weight of kids was 1.28 ± 0.11 kg and 1.25 ± 0.10 kg under semi-intensive and extensive condition respectively which was statistically significant (p<0.01). Average birth weight of male was higher than female under both conditions. Kid mortality increased from 2 to 21% with the increase of parity. Birth weight of kids was higher in July-October and kid mortality was higher in winter season. The age at puberty was found earlier in summer season than others seasons under both semi-intensive and extensive conditions. Reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat were better in third parity than that of the first and second parity under both conditions.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 22-30
Prevalence of malaria disease under the Savar upazila of Dhaka district in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Mohammad Showkat , Saha Priya , Rashid Mahjabin , Sayfullah Md , Salauddin Abu Saim Al , Salahuddin M , Sah Jay Prakash , Momin Md Abdul , Hossain Deluwer , Islam Md Shariful , Roman Abul Bashar , Choudhury SK Mohiuddin
Published: November 2015

Malaria is a major public health concern in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasites from blood sample. The blood samples were collected from patients of different hospitals at Savar upazila. Malaria prevalence survey was conducted in six malaria endemic areas at Savar upazila of Bangladesh. The microscopic examinations were employed for the diagnosis of malaria infection. The overall prevalence of malaria was found to be 23.48% from 115 blood samples. The highest malaria prevalence was observed at Islamnagar area (30.76%) than other five areas of Savar upazila. According to gender wise distribution, it was observed that male (30.90%) had higher positivity compare to their counterparts (16.67%). As regard to age, the peoples whose ages between 21 to 25 years (88.88%) were mostly suffering from malaria. The seasonal influence of outbreak of this disease was higher in rainy season (37.5%), followed by summer (28%), autumn (16.67%) and spring season (12.5%). Effective control program, accurate information on the incidence and prevalence of malaria is required to minimize and eradicate malaria from Bangladesh.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 53-58
Prevalence of different reproductive disorders of small ruminants in five upazillas of Mymensingh district
Authors: Sultan Ahammad , Islam Md Rashedul , Yadav Rakesh Kumer , Akhter Rupaly , Ahmed Jalal Uddin
Published: November 2015

Small ruminants (goat and sheep) are economically important and promising animal resource in Bangladesh. Reproductive disorders of goat and sheep cause the great economic problems. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of reproductive disorders in goat and sheep in five upazillas of Mymensingh district. Records of reproductive disorders were collected from official stock book of different Upazillas veterinary hospitals of Mymensingh district during April 2010 to March 2011. Seasonal occurrences of reproductive disorders were also recorded. Descriptive statistical analysis was done to study the prevalence of different reproductive disorders of goat and sheep in five upazillas of Mymensingh district. Out of 4804 clinical cases, a total of 147 reproductive disorders of goat and sheep were screened out from datasheet of official stock book. Among the five upazila, the prevalence of reproductive disorders was higher in Muktagacha (3.35%) and lower in Fulbaria (2.38%). Prevalence of reproductive disorders in all upazila was higher in sheep (4.12%) than goat (2.88%). Prevalence of reproductive disorders of goat was higher in Tarakanda (3.26%) and lower in Fulbaria (2.03%) and the prevalence of reproductive disorders of sheep was higher in Gaforgaon (5.22%) and lower in Haluaghat (3.15%). The major reproductive disorders recorded in goats were dystocia (41.2%), abortion (21.8%), mastitis (21.8%), retained placenta (11.8%) and pyometra (3.4%). Similarly, major reproductive disorders in sheep were dystocia (53.7%), abortion (25%), pyometra (7.1%), mastitis (7.1%) and retained placenta (7.1%). Moreover, seasonal prevalence of reproductive disorders was higher in summer than winter in the species, goat (57.14%) and sheep (12.25%). It was concluded that the most pressing constraint on goat and sheep reproduction in Bangladesh is dystocia, abortion and mastitis. Strategies should be taken to minimize their occurrence.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 74-79
Seasonal variation of water quality parameters, clinical and histological observation of some small endangered open water fishes from Mymensingh and Sylhet region
Authors: Rahman Md Mamunur , Ahmed Gias Uddin , Hasan Md Tawhid
Published: November 2015

Seasonal variation of water quality parameters and health condition of some small endangered open water fishes are Baila (Glossogobius giuris), Gutum (Lepidocephalichthys guntea) and Tara baim (Macrognathus aculeatus) was carried out through clinical and histological observation from Kailla beel of Ishargonj upazila, Mymensingh and Surma river, Gobindogonj upazila, Sunamgonj district, Sylhet region for a period of eight months from September 2014 to April 2015. Water quality parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, alkalinity, hardness, and nitrate were recorded. Water temperature, pH, alkalinity and hardness were found at unfavorable level for fish in mid November and January. Clinical examinations of the fish were carried out at monthly intervals and any kind of abnormalities were recorded. Clinically it was observed that, fish was affected with fin and tail rot, gill rot, parasitic infestation, nutritional deformities, numerous red spots and patches in lateral and ventral regions, large deep whitish ulcers reached up to deep ulcers especially in December and January in both region. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected and processed for histological observations. Major pathology in the skin and muscle were epidermis separated from dermis, presence of fungal granuloma, vacuums, hemorrhage and necrosis. Loss of primary and secondary gill lamellae, hypertrophy and primary gill lamellae separated, necrosis and hemorrhage were found in the gill. Large vacuums, necrosis and hemorrhage were observed in liver and kidney. Among the affected fish organs skin and muscle, gills were more affected than the internal organs like liver and kidney. Overall, clinical and histological observations of fishes were found to be more affected in December and January. Whereas, in the months of mid February to April, the pathological condition of fish gradually healed up to normal except few vacuums and hemorrhage. Under histopathological observations, fishes of Kailla beel were more affected than the fishes of surma river. In clinical and histopathological observation open water fishes were more susceptible due to EUS.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 95-102
Effect of diets of different protein concentrations on indigenous growing chicks of Bangladesh in confinement
Authors: Miah M Yousuf , Chowdhury Sachchidananda Das , Bhuiyan Ak Fazlul Haque
Published: November 2015

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets varying in protein concentrations on indigenous (desi) growing chicks reared under confinement system. The feeding trial was conducted with 144 indigenous female (desi) growing chicks during 12-22 weeks of age. The birds were divided into four dietary treatments each of three replications and reared on littered floor in an open-sided house. The number of birds in each replication was 12. Four iso-nitrogenous grower diets differing in protein contents were formulated to constitute dietary treatments. Diets for comparison were: control (a mixture of broken rice, rice polish, protein concentrate etc); low protein density (LPD): CP 15%; moderate protein density (MPD): CP 17% and high protein density (HPD): CP 19%. Metabolizable energy was maintained 2700 kcal/kg in every diet. The contents of CP, ME, calcium (Ca) and total phosphorous in MPD diet were fitted with the requirements calculated on the basis of BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard). Diets were formulated using locally available feedstuffs. Body weight and feed intake of the birds were recorded weekly. The results indicated that body weight and weight gain increased significantly in birds that received MPD diets in comparison with those received the other diets. Feed conversion ratio decreased significantly in all protein diets in comparison with the control. It is concluded indigenous (desi) female chicks may achieve up to 1.1kg body weight at 22 weeks of age when 17% CP is fed in a2700 kcal ME/kg diet.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 109-113
Siderophore production: A unique quality of pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia to survive in low iron concentration
Authors: Sah Jay Prakash , Shah Sanjay Kumar , Sharma Bhupendra , Shah Mira , Salahuddin Md , Mahato Ram Vinod , Yadav Chandrakant , Razin Md Sayfullah , Rashid Mahjabin
Published: November 2015

Klebsiella pneumonia is the second most causing agent of urinary tract bacterial infection among human beings. Its ability to grow and to produce siderophores is dependent on the iron content and the type of carbon sources in the culture medium. This study has aimed to find out the unique properties of siderophore production by Klebsiella species in fluctuating iron concentrations. The study was carried out on 252 urine samples collected from UTI patients at Doon (PG) Paramedical College and Teaching Hospital, Dehradun, India. All urine samples were tested microbiologically using standard procedure and biochemical panel tests were performed to identify and to isolate Klebsiella pneumonia from colonies obtained on differential media plate used for urine culture and the result was interpreted according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guide line to confirm the Klebsiella pneumonia. Then CAS siderophore detection method was applied to quantify the siderophore production in various iron concentration supplied to culture medium. A total of 47 patients out of 252 UTI patients were found to be infected by Klebsiella pneumonia. Women were more prone to be UTI infected by Klebsiella pneumonia in comparison to men (14.89% men, 85.1% women). Most of the UTI patients infected by Klebsiella pneumonia were in the age group of 50-79 years (53.19%) which was followed by 20-49 years (23.40%) and 80-99 years (14.89%) respectively. Least people having age below 19 years old were prone to be urinary tract infected by Klebsiella pneumonia. In the same way, siderophore production was found to be increased significantly when there was no iron in the culture medium and its production was decreased gradually with increase in iron concentration up to 200mg/L in the culture medium. Siderophore is an important metabolite product for pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia to survive and cause pathogenicity in low iron concentration medium.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 130-138
Editorial
Authors: Ahmed Tahera
Published: November 2015

Heartiest Eid Mubarak to all our readers, authors and well wishers! This issue of the Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics has a unique combination of papers focusing on rights  human and animal. The papers search deeply into the ethical issues related to scientific research and raises pertinent questions. Another critical topic addressed is the mutually beneficial relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and the physicians and possible impact on the services to patient. All the papers are important and highly relevant to the principles of Bioethics.Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2015 Vol.6 (1):
Human Rights: Illusion or Reality; Theological (Shiite) Perspective
Authors: Jamkarani Ali
Published: November 2015

The discussion is based around these issues, history of Human Rights, timeline for Human Rights history, question asked in this regard and enemy and friend of human rights. Describing the problems and its resolve from logical reasoning perspective; intellectual argumentation based on logical reason of, what is universal human right, democracy and illegal wars in the world by super powers as example America? Attempt to describe the inner construction of a human being-perfection-. Introduction to the concept of infallibility in different parts in the article, purify yourself and being purified. What is it, is it possible for a creation named human to be not fallible, is the idea or practicing it impossible or there is a great sphere of being able to practicing it and reaching the status if one finds guidance for the right way with peace and human rights prevailed in the world. Majority of the thought in the text, based on hadith-tradition- from the Prophet of Islam Peace upon Him and His family Ahl al-Bait Peace upon Them.Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2015 Vol.6 (1):15-21.
News of BBS Vol.6(1)
Authors: Lasker Shamima Parvin
Published: November 2015

Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2015; 6(1):40
GENETIC DIVERGENCE ON QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF EXOTIC MAIZE INBREDS (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Azam M. G. Azam , Sarker U. K. Sarker , Mian M. A. K. Mian , Banik B. R. Banik , Talukder M. Z. A.
Published: November 2015

Forty nine CIMMYT, India Maize inbred lines were characterized based on some morphological traits and grain yield. Genetic divergences of inbred lines of maize were estimated using D2 and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into five clusters. The inter cluster distance were higher than intra cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The maximum intra cluster value was observed in cluster IV and minimum in cluster V. The inter cluster D2 values revealed that the maximum distance among the cluster. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II & I and the lowest inter cluster distance was illustrated in cluster III & I. The cluster means were higher for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% sillking, plant height, ear height, cob length, number of rows per cob, number of grains per row in cluster IV; cob diameter and grain yield per plant was found higher in cluster II. It is expected that crossing of inbred lines belonging high to medium D2 values tend to produce high heterosis for yield.
COMBINING ABILITY EFFECTS AND PER-SE PERFORMANCES OF MORPHO REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Islam M. A. , Mian M. A. K. , Rasul M. G. , Khaliq Q. A. , Bashar M. K.
Published: November 2015

To study combining ability effects of developed CMS and restorer lines an experiment was carried out at the experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during Aman 2011 and Boro 2011-12 following RCBD design through line × tester analysis in three replications. Five known CMS lines and sixteen developed Restorer lines were considered for through line × tester analysis. Among sixteen restorer lines, only four showed significant negative GCA effects for all these three traits for earliness. The estimated of gca effects of parents indicated that seven parents and sixteen crosses contributed highly significant negative effects for plant height which were responsible for dwarfing character. Fifteen crosses and eight parents showed significant negative sca estimates for days to first flowering and twenty crosses for maturity. Considering both SCA effects and per se performances for days to 1st flowering and maturity; the crosses of IR 58025A with RG-BU08-005R, RG-BU08-006R, RG-BU08-016R, RG-BU08-018R and RG-BU08-025R were found as the best specific combiner. Among 80 crosses fifty two crosses showed significant positive SCA effects along with above average perse performances for grain yield. Ten crosses of IR 58025A, seven crosses of GAN46A, fourteen crosses of IR 62829A, nine crosses of IR 68888A and ten crosses of BRRI 1A showed significant positive SCA effects along with mean values resulting significant positive SCA effects and above average perse performances with all five CMS lines for grain yield.
CHARACTER ASSOCIATION OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max) LINES FOR YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS
Authors: Islam A. K. M. S. , Rai P. K.
Published: November 2015

The present study was conducted with ten soybean genotype on correlation, path coefficient and genetic component of some important traits. Ten characters were studied to find out the suitable traits for the improvement of soybean yield. It was observed that yield per plot was positively correlated with pods per plant, seeds per pod, branches per plant, harvest index, days to maturity and plant height which revealed that selection based on these traits could significantly improved the grain yield of soybean. From the path coefficient analysis, it was observed that among the different yield contributing characters pods per plant, seeds per pod, plant height, 100 seed weight contributed maximum direct positive effect to yield per plot. Negative direct effect was observed for days to flowering and days to maturity, but its correlation with yield was positive. It was due to its positive indirect effect. The residual effect was found 0.175 which indicated that 82.50% of the variability was accounted for 10 yield and yield contributing traits included in the present study. Rest 17.50% variability might be controlled by other yield contributed traits that was not included in the present investigation.
CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN F4 GENERATION OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Rai P. K. , Sarker U. K. , Roy P. C. , Islam A. K. M. S.
Published: November 2015

Twenty five rice genotypes were used to study the genetic components, correlation and path coefficients during Aman season of 2011. Thirteen characters were studied to find out the suitable traits for the improvement of rice yield. Among these characters considerable correlation were observed. Correlation values of grain yield per square meter with plant height, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill, panicle length, number of primary branches, number of filled grain per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), 1000 grain weight and days to flowering revealed that selection based on this traits could significantly be improved the grain yield of rice. Number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight exhibited high direct effect coupled with significant positive correlation on grain yield indicating selection on the basis of these traits would enhanced yield potentiality of rice. The residual effect was found 0.179 which indicated that 82.10% of the variability was accounted for 13 yield and yield contributing traits included in the present study. Rest 17.90% variability might be controlled by other yield contributed traits that was not included in the present investigation. So direct selection based on these traits would be effective for improvement of these F4 materials
COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN QUASI AROMATIC RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Ali M. , Mian M. A. K. , Hossain M. A. , Islam M. Z. , Hossain M. M.
Published: November 2015

The experiment was conducted to study general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) and to estimate heterosis estimation at experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during T. Aman, 2006 and 2007 seasons. Eleven rice parental lines consisting of two quasi CMS lines in BC3 generation  as lines and nine restorer lines  as testers  along with their eighteen F1s and a check variety (BRRI dhan37) were used for combining ability study in a line x tester mating design for eight characters. Ratio of general combining ability (GCA) to specific combining ability (SCA) variances above unity were observed for 1000-grain weight(g) indicating predominance of additive gene action for controlling the character. Among mother parents, CMS-1 appeared as good general combiner for panicle length, 1000-grain weight(g), and grain lengthbreadth ratio. Among male parents, Benaful, Oval Tapi and Sorukamini-1 were observed to be good general combiners for most of the characters studied. The cross combinations, CMS-1 × Kataribhog, CMS-2 × Maloti-1 and CMS-2 × Keora were found as good specific combiners for most of the characters under study. Good specific combiners were evolved from all kinds of combinations of general combiners indicating additive and non-additive types of gene effect for inheritance. Maximum hybrids showed desired significant standard heterosis for panicle length and 1000-grain weight. None of the hybrids showed desired and significant standard heterosis simultaneously for any three or more characters.
VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION STUDY OF SOME ADVANCED LINES OF Brassica rapa
Authors: Halder T. , Bhuiyan M. S. R. , Islam M. S.
Published: November 2015

Variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation were assessed in eleven advanced lines of Brassica rapa obtained through inter-varietal crosses along with three popular check varieties at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University. Significant variations were found in yield per hectare and all the yield components that were taken under the study. Highest yield per hectare (2111.33 kg) was found in SAUSR 14 (TORI-7×BARI Sarisha-9). The advanced line SAUSR 08 (BARI Sarisha-6×TORI-7) matured early (83.67 days) and produced moderate yield (1662.00 kg). It could be assumed from the mean performance that SAUSR 14 and SAUSR 08 showed better performance over the popular check varieties in respect of yield and maturity. Highest GCV (20.06%) and PCV (31.71%) were observed in number of siliquae per plant. Genotypic variance was lower than phenotypic variance for all characters except yield per hectare. High heritability in broad sense (91.14% and 79.25%) was observed for days to 50% flowering and days to 80% flowering. Highest genetic advance (36.56%) was found for number of siliquae per plant. Low heritability (29.27%) with high genetic advance (23.14%) was observed for yield per hectare. Highly positive significant phenotypic correlation with yield per hectare was seen in days to 80% maturity and number of secondary branches per plant. Days to 50% flowering and siliquae length showed negative highly significant phenotypic correlation with the yield per hectare
CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF FOURTEEN DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF LABLAB BEAN (Lablab purpureus L.)
Authors: Zaman Asaduzzaman , Bhuiyan M. J. H. , Hossain M. A. , Raffi Sharif-Ar
Published: November 2015

Fourteen genotypes of Lablab bean were studied for sixteen yield and yield contributing characters. The experiment was conducted at Field Laboratory of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Seed yield per plant showed positive and significant correlation with days to maturity, number of raceme per plant, raceme length, pod length, green pod yield per plant, green test weight and shelling percentage and significant negative correlation with days to maturity, number of seeds per pod and protein content at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis revealed that green pod length exhibited high positive direct effect on number of raceme per plant, raceme length, green pod width, dry test weight and shelling percentage. The direct negative effects on seed yield were observed by days to maturity, number of flower buds per raceme, green pod yield per plant, green test weight and protein content and revealed the importance of these traits for simultaneous selection of plant for yield improvement.
Reduction of Peri - Procedural Myocardial injury by Loading dose of Atorvastatin during Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Saha Chandan Kumar , Hossain Solaiman , Mannan Md Abdul , Ullah Mohammad , Faruque Md
Published: November 2015

Background: The purpose of the study was to find the effect of loading dose of atorvastatin on the reduction of myocardial injury resulting from percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: A total 100 consecutive patients were included in this study of which 50 patients were in the group I who were treated with a loading dose of atorvastatin and the rest 50 patients were in the group II who were treated without the loading dose of atorvastatin.The occurrence of myocardial injury was measured by serum cTn-I level in patients undergoing PCI with or without loading dose of atorvastatin.Results: Elevation of cTn-I after PCI reflects peri-procedural myonecrosis and presage adverse outcome. In this study incidence of cTn-I rise following PCI was 86% without atorvastatin pretreatment and 10% with atorvastatin pretreatment.The incidence of myonecrosis is less in atorvastatin pretreated group and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: It is concluded that the loading dose of atorvastatin significantly reduce myocardial injury resulting from percutaneous coronary intervention.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 3-7
Effect of Subvalvular Changes on Mitral Valve Leaflets Excursion after Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy
Authors: Mannan Md Abdul , Majumder AAS , Hossain Solaiman , Shaha Chandan Kumar , Khair Md Abul , Ullah Mohammad , Rahman Md Toufiqur
Published: November 2015

Background: Aim of our study was to predict the effect of subvalvular changes on mitral valve leaflets excursion in a patient with mitral stenosis following percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy.Methods: Total of 60 patients of severe mitral stenosis were enrolled in the study. Transthoracic echocardiography was done on the day before percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy and 24-48 hours after percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy. Subvalvular area, anterior and posterior leaflets excursion were recorded.Results: Following percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy there were significant increase in anterior leaflet excursion from 1.8 ± 0.2 to 2.2 ± 0.2cm (p=<0.001), posterior leaflet excursion from 1.5±0.2to1.8 ± 0.2cm (p<0.001) . Subvalvular splitting areas was from 0.8 ± 0.2 to1.2 ± 0.2cm²(p=<0.001). Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and left atrial diameter were significantly reduced respectively 55.6 ± 19.5 vs. 31.6 ± 9.5 mmHg,(p < 0.001) and 4.3 ± 0.6 cm vs. 3.8 ± 0.6 cm (p < 0.001). Post percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy subvalvular splitting area was found to be the predictor of increased excursion of both anterior and posterior mitral leaflets.Conclusion: percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy is associated with immediate significant changes in mitral valve morphology in terms of splitting of fused mitral commissures, increased valve leaflets excursion and splitting of the subvalvular structures. Post percutaneous trans-venous mitral commissurotomy subvalvular splitting area was found to be the predictor of increased excursion of both anterior and posterior mitral leaflets.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 8-12
Comparison of Different Risk Factors and Coronary Angiographic Profile in Younger and Older Patients with Ischeamic Heart Disease
Authors: Islam Kazi Nazrul , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Khandaker Azizul Hasan , Sabah Khandker Md Nurus , Amin Md Gaffar , Kabir Syed Rezwan , Saleh Mohammed Abaye Deen
Published: November 2015

Background: Due to socio-economic improvement and changes in the life style, ischeamic heart disease is becoming a major burden to our health care system. In recent years, the incidence is increasing among younger age groups as well.Methods: A total of 120 patients with ischeamic heart disease admitted for coronary angiogram were included in the study and were divided into two groups. Among them, 60 younger patients were in Group-I (d 40 years of age); 60 older patients in Group-II (>40 years of age). We compared demographic profiles, different risk factors and angiographic profiles between two age groups.Results: Among the common risk factors, smoking (63.3% vs 40%, p=0.011) & family history of ischeamic heart disease (21.7% vs 8.3%, p=0.040) were more common in younger group. Whereas, hypertension (41.7% vs 65.0%, p=0.010) and DM (18.3% vs 36.7%, p=0.024) were more common in older patients. Serum Homocysteine level was found significantly higher in younger patients (30.0% vs 13.3%, p=0.026). In group-I. coronary angiography revealed normal coronaries in 15 patients (25%), single vessel disease in 29 (48.3%) and multi-vessel disease in 16 patients (26.6%). Whereas, 40(66.6%) patients in group-II were found to have multi-vessel disease and 2 of them had significant left main coronary disease. However, young patients who had high serum homocysteine level showed more angiographic severity than older patients.Conclusion: There are significant differences in the clinical, biochemical and angiographic profile of young patients with ischeamic heart disease as compared to older patients. Young patients with ischeamic heart disease has got less angiographic severity, except in those with high serum homocysteine level.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 23-29
Multivessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Same Sitting
Authors: Islam AHM Waliul , Munwar Shams , Bhuiyan Azfar H , Talukder Sahabuddin , Reza AQM , Ahmed Tamzeed , Islam Nighat , Siddique Atique Bin , Yousuf Intekhab , Shohel Shaifur Rahman , Tanvir Sarder Md , Karim Aparajita , Ahmed Tanvir , Alam MS
Published: November 2015

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the primary procedural success of Multivessel Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction at the same sitting.Methods: Total 23 (13.4%) patients were enrolled in this very preliminary study, among the total 171 patients who had primary PCI at our center from Jan 2010 to February 2015. Among them, Male: 20 and Female: 3. Total 52 stents were deployed in 46 territories. Mean age were for both male and female were 54 yrs. Associated coronary artery disease risk factors were Dyslipidemia, High Blood pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, positive family history for coronary artery disease and Smoking.Results: Among the study group; 17(74%) were Dyslipidemic, 11(47.8%) were hypertensive; 8(34.8%) patients were Diabetic, positive family history 4(17.4%) and 9(39%) were all male smoker. Female patients were more obese (BMI: M 26: F 27). Common diagnosis at admission based on ECG evidence was; Inferior wall myocardial infarction: 12 (52.2%), Anterior wall myocardial infarction 9(39.1%) and lateral 2(8.7%). Common stented territory was left anterior descending artery 9(39.1%), right coronary artery 7(30.4%), and left circumflex artery 7(30.4%). Stent used: Bare metal stent 3 (5.7%), DES: 49 (94.2%). Among the different drug eluting stents, Everolimus 26 (52%), Sirolimus 8(15.4%) and Zotarolimus 9(17.3%), Paclitaxel 2 (3.8%), Biolimus 2 (3.8%), Genous 2 (3.8%).Conclusion: In the current prospective non randomized study, we found that the multivessel primary PCI for ST elevation myocardial infarction with non-culprit vessel are suitable for PCI at the same sitting with better in-hospital and 1 yr survival outcome.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 53-58
Bentall Surgery for Aortic Root Aneurysm in a Patient with Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Maruf Mohammad Fazle , Hossain Nazmul , Akter Tahmina , Chowdhury Asif Ahsan , Hasan Kamrul , Karim Rezaul , Ahsan NA Kamrul
Published: November 2015

A 34 yrs old man of marfan syndrome, visited us with the complaints of palpitation, easy fatigability and chest discomfort for last 1year. He was pointed out to have the aortic root enlargement with severe aortic regurgitation & mild mitral regurgitation by echocardiography and CT angiogram. We excised the aneurysm, implanted a composite graft with prosthetic valve conduit (Bentall operation), directly attached the coronary arteries to the aortic graft, and made the distal anastomosis to the divided aorta. Postoperative course was uneventful. To our knowledge, this is the first successful case of Bentall operation in national Institute of cardiovascular Diseases.Cardiovasc. j. 2015; 8(1): 78-81
An Audit of Intensive Care Services in Bangladesh
Authors: Faruq Mohammad Omar , Ahsan ASM Areef , Fatema Kaniz , Ahmed Fatema , Sultana Afreen , Chowdhury Rashed Hossain
Published: November 2015

This study was conducted to survey the facilities, bed strength, functional characteristics, manpower,operational practices and distribution of intensive care units in Bangladesh. Direct interview ofconsultants in charge of different Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in the city of Dhaka was conducted bya structured questionnaire. All Adult Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and Coronary Care Units (CCUs)with ventilator support in the city of Dhaka belonging to government and private sectors wereincluded. Our survey showed that 90% of all Intensive Care Units in Bangladesh were located in thecity of Dhaka. There were 40 Intensive Care Units in the city of Dhaka, of which 33 were ICUs and7 CCUs with ventilator support (also considered as ICU). Only 4 (10%) ICUs were located ingovernment hospitals. Rest of the ICUs was in private hospitals / clinics. Total number of ICU bedswas 424 and total numbers of beds in these hospitals were 8824. So 4.8% of total hospital beds wereprovisioned for critical care. Among these only 240 beds (60%) had ventilator support. 27(68%) ofthe 40 ICUs were multidisciplinary, 7(18%) CCUs, 5(12%) cardiac surgery and 1(2%) neurology.64% ICUs were run by anesthesiologists. 85% facilities were open units as opposed to 15% closedunits. Nurse: bed ratio of 1:1 was seen in 15(42%) facilities. On duty doctor: patient ratio wasvariable and highest was 1:4 in 9 ICUs (27 %). ICUs in Bangladesh are mainly situated in the cityof Dhaka and mostly in the private sector. The standards and management strategies vary greatly.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 13-16Key words: Intensive Care Unit; Bangladesh; audit.DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5929
Relationship of Microalbuminuria with different Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Newly Detected Diabetes Mellitus Cases
Authors: Prasad Indrajit , Latif Zafar Ahmed , Ahmed Tofail , Pathan Faruque , Ashrafuzzaman SM , Amin Firoz
Published: November 2015

This study was conducted to assess the presence of microalbuminuria in newly detected diabetesmellitus (DM) cases in a small group of Bangladeshi population attending BIRDEM out patientdepartment and to find out the relationship (if any) of microalbuminuria with different clinical andbiochemical parameters. Out of 110 DM cases, 10 (9.1%) were found to have microalbuminuria.Blood pressure, both systolic (r=0.190) and diastolic (r = 0.30) had significant positive correlationwith urinary albumin. There was no association of microalbuminuria with waist circumference,waist to hip ratio, serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, age, sex, weight,height or BMI. This suggests that all newly detected diabetes mellitus should be screened for raisedblood pressure and if found positive be given the same importance as blood glucose. They should betreated meticulously to revert or prevent microalbuminuria and thus prevent complications.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 21-25DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5931