bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Approach to Evaluation of the Material Cutting Using the Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Piteľ Ján , Matisková Darina , Marasová Daniela
Published: September 2024

Article deals with the process of accurate measurements and evaluation, i.e. the monitoring of the technological process of the material cutting using the Abrasive Water Jet and process control while using the artificial neural network, and a suggestion of process steps, particularly by a thorough application of mathematical modelling principles. An important mission of this article is to document, in an easy and comprehensible way, a tool intended for the creation of good control properties for multiple axes of the material cutting head support (using the AWJ, Plasma, acetylene burner, etc.). A desired objective is to achieve the best possible or optimal quality of the surface of the cut material, while using the properties of modern cutting technologies. To achieve those objectives, one of several known options was applied, in particular the advantages of the artificial neural networks and their beneficial properties. A simple task will be used to practically document the behaviour of an artificial neural network and a selected model execution.
Content Based Image Retrieval and Support Vector Machine Methods for Face Recognition
Authors: Prabuwono Anton Satria , Usino Wendi , Bramantoro Arif , S. Allehaibi Khalid Hamed , A. Hasniaty , Defisa Tomi
Published: September 2024

The development of biometrics is growing rapidly. The recognition as non-trivial element in biometrics is not only using fingerprints, but also human face. The purpose of this research is to implement both Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods in the face recognition system with a combination of features extraction. CBIR method interprets images by exploiting several features. The feature usually consists of texture, color, and shape. This research utilizes color, texture, shape and shape coordinate features of the image. The proposed algorithms are HSV Color Histogram, Color Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (CLCM), Eccentricity, Metric, and Hierarchical Centroid. SVM method is used to train and classify the extracted vectors. The result shows that the proposed system is 95% accurate in recognizing faces with different resolutions.
Reputation Risk Management Companies Based on Competence Approach
Authors: Kateryna Andriushchenko , Vitalii Lavruk , Sergey Uliganets , Vita Kovtun , Halyna Matviienko
Published: September 2024

The article substantiates the need to focus on the use of the competence-based approach in managing the reputational risks of an enterprise. The purpose of the article is to identify risk-forming factors affecting the reputation of the enterprise. The article displays a modern approach to managing the reputational risk of an enterprise, which is focused on the use of appropriate methodology and tools for competency-based approach. A scheme for assessing the reputational risks of an enterprise is proposed, which is based on a combination of five system components. Based on the study, reputational risk-forming factors are identified and specified.
The Economic Matter Movement and the Mechanism of Business Cycle
Authors: Yuryevna Rumyantseva Svetlana
Published: September 2024

The paper specifies the notion of a business cycle as a specific and universal demonstration of the economic matter movement; reveals the basic research principles of dynamic processes in the economy and their main properties. The author shows how the simple definition of the nature of economic dynamics is filled with a specific and universal content through the lens of the dialectic notion and evolution process.
The Organizational Development of Producer Associations in Southern Colombia
Authors: Andrade Juan M. , Mendoza Gallego Alfonso , Pimentel Henry Sanchez , Rivelino Bernal Francisco
Published: September 2024

The present article has the purpose of measuring the organizational development of the associative organizations in the south of Colombia through members' and associates' perception regarding the intellectual capital developed in the components of human, structural and relational capital. The study was of a quantitative and descriptive type, in which the survey technique was used through a Likert-scale applied to members and associates of 27 associative organizations. Faced with the results, organizations were obtained with an organizational advance that exceeds 60% in the components of human and structural capital, which implies that the organizations developed aspects of human capital such as the knowledge of its members, the professional relevance, the processes of improvement and the antiquity of the association, while in the structural capital aspects such as standards and values, certifications and brands stand out and the revolving fund among others. Nevertheless, relational capital has not yet reached its development, especially in its marketing and business relations components.
Detection of Students’ Interest With the Logistics Model
Authors: Wulansari Andhita Dessy , Kumaidi Kumaidi , Hadi Samsul , Saleh Minhayati , Friyatmi Friyatmi
Published: September 2024

The focus of this research is to analyze the model that classifies student personality type based on demographic factors. This model can identify students’ career interests. It is important to know students’ career interest in accordance with their personalities. For the analysis method, the researchers applied multinomial logistics regression analysis with consideration to the nominal data scale of Holland’s Personality Types, namely realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be observed that demographic factors significantly influence the Holland’s Personality Type at the error level 0.1 and the classification accuracy is 41.7%.
Decision making of the Winner of the National Student Creativity Program in Designing
ICT-based Learning Media
Authors: Murtafiah Wasilatul , Sa’dijah Cholis , Chandra Tjang Daniel , Susiswo Susiswo
Published: September 2024

This case study investigated the decision making process of the winners of the national competition for student creativity programs in designing ICT-based mathematics learning media. The results are revealed based on the decision-making stages: (1) generating ideas, subject designed ICT-based learning media by combining student worksheets with GeoGebra, (2) clarifying ideas, subject consider the systematics design of ICT-based learning media based on the condition of students and student learning outcomes, (3) assessing the fairness of ideas, subject believed that the validity, practicality and effectiveness aspects of ICT-based learning media designed were appropriate to attract students interest and motivation.
Poziom niepewności makroekonomicznej w Polsce
Authors: Pietrucha Jacek
Published: September 2024

Level of macroeconomic uncertainty in Poland. The chapter reviews methods for measuring uncertainty and then measures the level of uncertainty in Poland. A new indicator based on data from an internet search engine was used to measure macroeconomic uncertainty. Indicators using data from consumer surveys were also calculated. Other measures were also used for comparative purposes, including those prepared by the International Monetary Fund and the European Commission. The information value of individual indicators is different, which is consistent with previous research. The macroeconomic uncertainty indicator using data from an Internet browser shows significant similarities to indicators calculated using survey data (GUS, ECB), especially those relating to households, with a significant difference in the period of inflation. These results should not be interpreted from the point of view of the weaknesses of individual research approaches - but rather as an indication that individual measures show partial knowledge about the multi-faceted and highly fuzzy phenomenon of uncertainty. An indicator based on data from an internet search engine shows interesting features and is worth continuing to work on.
Co czeka nauki ekonomiczne?
Authors: Gorynia Marian
Published: September 2024

What awaits economic sciences? The author intends to formulate a set of remarks on the expected future of economic sciences (an answer to the question: what will it probably be like?), and also to present recommendations on what should be done in the sphere of the development of economic sciences to increase their impact in the sphere of social agency and usefulness. In this chapter the author refers to several selected threads/aspects of the issue raised in the title. The choice is arbitrary and selective and refers to the author’s publications in which he posted his thoughts on the topics discussed. Several parts are distinguished in the structure of the text. The first one contains the answer to the question: why are the subject of the discussion here the economic sciences and not economics itself? The second part touched upon the topic of developing scientific research at the level of academic degrees and the title of professor. The third part develops thoughts on teaching economics at the academic and higher education levels. In the fourth part, the attention was focused on economic education at the primary and secondary school levels. Finally, in the fifth part, attention was focused on universal economic education beyond universities and schools.
Ekonomia instytucjonalna i fenomen korporacji
Authors: Ząbkowicz Anna
Published: September 2024

Institutional economics and corporation phenomenon. What is economic-institutional input in recognising business group activities and significance? The results of literature studies are contained in two major sections. Section 1 informs about respective findings derived from Williamson’s and North’s theories constituting the core of new institutional economics. Section 2 presents respective extracts from inputs in economic-political thought by such institutionalists as Commons and Galbraith. The comparison inclines the author to following claims. Although the first strand of thought, thanks to Northian studies, recognizes politics in institutional environment of firm, it basically tends to avoid problems of power and subordination. The other strand claims that these problems do matter in economic analysis because due to concentration of power and wealth business groups enjoy advantage both in the economy and polity. The conclusion says that this dominant position of business groups must not be overlooked because of its practical consequences for economic diagnosis and policies.
Integrating Generative Language Models in Lesson Planning: A Case Study
Authors: Berglez Daša , Kerneža Maja
Published: September 2024

The study explores artificial intelligence (AI) as a supportive technology in the lesson planning process of teachers, focusing on generative language models like ChatGPT. It evaluates the impact of AI on teaching strategies by comparing control and experimental groups of pre-service teachers interacting with the ChatGPT model. The aim was to create a lesson in metaphorical creativity and to understand the adaptability and effectiveness in lesson creation. Findings reveal no significant differences in pedagogical outcomes between groups, indicating that while AI offers innovative approaches, it doesn’t fundamentally alter teaching effectiveness. The study It points out the potential and challenges of AI in education, advocating for further exploration to maximize its benefits and address ethical implications. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on leveraging AI to enrich educational practices and emphasizes the critical role of educators in adapting AI tools for teaching.
Primary Preservice Teachers’ Drawings of Number-Based Two-Digit Addition and Subtraction
Authors: Ferme Jasmina , Arcet Barbara , Lipovec Alenka
Published: September 2024

Whole number addition and subtraction are required topics in early-grade mathematics curricula. This study, with a sample size of N=117, introduces a unique method of using self-designed drawings to explore visual representations of mathematical concepts. The collected drawings show how preservice teachers communicate mathematical ideas, and reveal insights into their grasp of the place value concept and potential addition/subtraction teaching visual representations. Results showed that even though a significant portion of the participants demonstrated a clear comprehension of how to teach key mathematical concepts, a prominent trend emerged: about one-third of preservice teachers did not employ base ten grouping in their drawings of two-digit numbers. Similarly, one-third illustrated arithmetic operations symbolically, merely converting numbers into iconic forms, and additionally often misrepresented subtraction. These findings point to specific areas where preservice teachers’ meta-representational abilities could be improved. By emphasizing and strengthening these areas in teacher education programs, the pedagogical skills of future educators can be enhanced.
Objective Measures of Executive Functions as Predictors of Academic Achievement in Early Adolescence
Authors: Kranjec Eva , Zupančič Maja
Published: September 2024

This study examined predictive relations of executive functions (EFs) with academic achievement in adolescents over a one-year period. One hundred and thirty-seven adolescents (53.3% girls, mean age 12.4 years) participated at T1, and 135 (51.8% girls) at T2. The Stroop Colour-Word, Backward Digit Span, and Trail Making Test were used to assess inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Teachers provided data on the students’ academic achievement. Results showed that a higher working memory span and a lower ratio score on Trail Making Test significantly predicted overall academic achievement and mathematics grades. In addition, a higher working memory span was associated with better grades in Slovenian language at T1, while cognitive flexibility predicted the respective grades at T2. However, no significant relationship was found between Stroop interference and academic achievement. The findings are discussed in the context of previous studies, and recommendations are made for improving EFs in the school context.
Innovatively Transforming Primary School EFL Writing: A Systematic Review of Studies
Authors: Kuhar Hana , Brumen Mihaela
Published: September 2024

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of research studies focusing on innovative teaching techniques for enhancing writing skills in English as a foreign language (EFL) among primary school students (aged 6–14 years). Particularly, it addresses the issue of underdeveloped writing proficiency among Slovenian students. The introduction discusses various challenges in developing primary school students’ writing skills and presents modern techniques for successful writing development that have proven effective in English-speaking countries; which may be recommended for EFL instruction. The article introduces selective innovative teaching techniques—Shared Writing, Jigsaw Writing, Word Wall, and Storybird—for EFL writing, promising to improve writing skills while fostering students’ creativity and engagement. Through a systematic literature review, the article offers insights into the effectiveness of these techniques and their implications for primary school EFL classrooms.
Representation of Movement in Alternative Curricula of Early and Preschool Education: The Case of the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Petrić Vilko , Tomée Ivona , Ljubičić Sanja
Published: September 2024

The aim of the work was to analyse the representation of movement in alternative curricula of early and preschool education and to compare it with the level of representation of movement in the Croatian curriculum. The research used the method of content analysis and compared the curricula of kindergartens where Montessori, Waldorf, Agazzi programmes were implemented to those applying regular programmes. The Chi-squared test was used to determine the significance of the differences between the researched curricula. A statistically significant difference in the overall representation of movement was found between alternative programmes and the Croatian curriculum, while no statistically significant difference was found when comparing alternative curricula. Movement is significantly more represented in alternative curricula compared to the Croatian curriculum for early and preschool education. For alternative pedagogies, movement is one of the key segments of a child's development, and as such, it is strongly represented in educational work.
Numerical – Descriptive – Categorical:Teachers’ Experiences and Opinions on Physical Education Assessment in Primary School
Authors: Štemberger Vesna , Zurc Joca
Published: September 2024

Physical education assessment is one of the most challenging forms of assessment in school, as it aims to objectively assess the pupils’ knowledge while promoting a positive attitude towards sport and lifelong physical activity to maintain health. Through an empirical qualitative study using a focus group approach, we aimed to gain insight into the experiences and opinions of teachers about assessment in physical education (PE). Five class teachers and five PE teachers, each with at least 15 years’ experience teaching the 3rd to 9th grades in primary school, participated in two focus groups. The results of the qualitative content analysis revealed five key themes: the impact of numerical assessment on self-image, pupils’ attitude towards the subject and interest in sport, the factors influencing pupils’ intrinsic motivation to engage in sport, the methodology of assessment, and the advantages and disadvantages of numerical assessment.
Self-reflective Tool for Early Childhood Education Teachers as a Way to a Competent Teacher
Authors: Koželuh Ondřej , Koželuhová Eva , Podpera Milan
Published: September 2024

Model of the teacher as a reflective practitioner has come to the fore in recent years. The students are considered a key actor in their own professional development. The aim is to present a tool for students' reflection and self-reflection. The tool was created to individualize the training of future teachers. The tool was implemented within all pedagogical practices of students of early childhood education and verified through students' reflective reports (N=91) at the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen. The tool helps students think about their professional development, plan sub-steps and set specific goals they want to achieve in the development of their professional competences. Students also chose different goals for their development, which corresponded to their different initial knowledge and experience
An Insight Into the Practical Training of Fine Art Student Teachers in Slovenia Through Their Visual and Multimodal Reflections
Authors: Batič Janja
Published: September 2024

An important aspect of the teaching practice of future art educators is the development of their reflection skills. Writing reflections can be of great help to students in this regard. In the academic year 2021/22, students reflected on guided practice in the form of a visual essay. We were interested in how students experience practical training. We were particularly interested in the kind of messages students offer about practical training when they can express themselves visually. We used a visual research approach, as visual research strategies are a direct and tangible way of understanding the experience of the participants. We found that the visual essays differed in their artistic expression and the content that students wanted to emphasize (awareness of one's own body, experiencing progress, experiencing effort and uncertainty, the contrast between fears before the performance and pleasant feelings after the performance, time constraints, etc.).
Inclusive Music Education: Strategies and Challenges in Teaching Music Lessons With a Student With Autism Spectrum Disorder Present in the Classroom
Authors: Sevšek Katja , Kovačič Bojan
Published: September 2024

This study investigated musical methods of teaching and learning, forms of teaching, adaptations (school, classroom and lesson adaptations), and challenges faced by elementary school teachers when instructing music lessons in the presence of a student with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a mainstream classroom. Employing a mixed methods design, the research utilized a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with a focus on eight key research questions, exploring teacher challenges, the impact of training and experience, collaboration with support networks, and teacher competencies in addressing the needs of students with ASD in music lessons. The findings underscore the need for specialized training and resources to both enhance inclusive education and effectively engage students with ASD in music lessons in the mainstream elementary classroom.
Characteristics, Challenges, and Proposals for the Improvement of Short Pre-school Education Programmes in Slovenia : Analysis of Focus Groups
Authors: Jurgec Ana Tina , Bednjički Rošer Barbara
Published: September 2024

Our research focuses on the implementation of short pre-school education programmes in Slovenia, intended for children who had not been enrolled in kindergarten in the year prior to entering primary school. The purpose of the study was to recognise the characteristics, challenges, and potential programme improvement proposals. Data obtained through focus groups consisting of professional staff having implemented the short programme in previous years were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using qualitative content analysis in the Atlas.ti software. The study reveals a systemic change need in the short programme. The participants highlighted challenges pertaining to access to data on children not enrolled in pre-school education, linguistic and cultural communication barriers and the programme organisation at the level of kindergarten and state level. Only coordinated approaches at all levels - from individual kindergartens to national guidelines - can ensure optimal development and further learning conditions of pre-school children.
Connecting AI and SEL: A New Approach in Teacher Education
Authors: Lipovec Alenka
Published: September 2024

The study addresses the critical need for artificial intelligence (AI) literacy in teacher education and explores the most effective methods of equipping teachers in this emerging field, suggesting that a combination of AI literacy and Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) could substantially boost digital proficiency beyond conventional training approaches. The research employs quantitative analysis, initially surveying 571 pre-service and in-service teachers, and following up with 252 participants after a 12-hour course. The study utilized various self-reporting and standardized instruments to assess the programme's effectiveness. Notably, the effect size for self-reported competence in AI integration within teaching practices was found to surpass Hattie's hinge point twice, underlining its substantial impact on educational outcomes. Other measures, though slightly less striking, also achieved increases in digital competences surpassing other similar studies. This highlights the potential of combining AI literacy with SEL in teacher education to elevate digital competence effectively.
Assessment of the Impact of Pretreatment of Spent Coffee Grounds with Diluted Sulfuric Acid on the Efficiency of Methane and Lactic Acid Fermentation
Authors: Gosławski Sebastian
Published: September 2024

Lignocellulosic materials are composed of three major biocomponents such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which form a compact lignocellulosic complex. Characterized by high caloric content, lignocellulosic biomass, including coffee grounds, is a valuable energy source that can be efficiently used in various bioconversion and biotransformation processes. Due to the high consumption of coffee in the world, there is an increasing amount of coffee grounds, which is a rich waste and at the same time a valuable secondary raw material, and its use fits perfectly into a closed-loop economy. Coffee grounds biomass contains polysaccharides, mainly mannans, proteins, lipids, polyphenols, which will allow the development of different biorefinery strategies, the creation of new value-added products with reduced waste generation. The research describes the pre-treatment of coffee grounds with dilute sulfuric acid to evaluate the effect of acid concentration, hydrolysis time on biogas yield, including methane and lactic acid biosynthesis during anaerobic fermentations. A yield of 381.12 mL of CH4/g-VS methane was obtained, accounting for 72.48% of the total biogas composition. It was found that the most efficient sample in terms of substrate pre-treatment for lactic acid biosynthesis was coffee grounds after 90 min hydrolysis with 1.5% H2SO4 at 121 °C.
A Tempest and The Tempest: Aimé Césaire and Shakespeare
Authors: Kaul Mythili
Published: September 2024

Through an analysis of the play, the article seeks to demonstrate that Aimé Césaire’s A Tempest is a “reinscription” of Shakespeare’s The Tempest as “a drama of rebellion.” It is told from the point of view of “the loser”, Caliban, the “colonized”, who confronts and defies Prospero who has usurped the island and deprived him of his patrimony. He demands his freedom and refuses to accept the “hegemonic europocentric vision of the universe.” Césaire “demythifie[s]” Prospero who is not the benign Magus figure of traditional criticism but the “prototypical colonizer,” a despot, “the complete totalitarian.” The paper argues that, although he never mentions him, Césaire is influenced by George Lamming’s radical reading of Shakespeare’s play through “colonial” and “national” lenses, a reading that anticipates that of Stephen Greenblatt and the New Historicists and pre-empts the question of “linguistic colonialism” which is so crucial to them. While the colonial paradigm has featured in recent discussions of the plays and Césaire and Lamming have been grouped together, the article analyzes and applies Lamming’s reading to both Shakespeare and Césaire and provides a fresh reading of both. The article also goes beyond the argument of Greenblatt and the New Historicists. A Tempest ends equivocally, on a questioning note, and Lamming observes that the Epilogue in The Tempest leaves the latter work, too, somewhat open-ended, a point that is taken up and discussed. The article in conclusion gives a significant, new interpretation, of the titles of the two plays which ties up with and highlights the theme of colonialism which is the focus of both plays.
Shakespeare and Covid Drama in This England (Winterbottom, 2022)
Authors: Rasmus Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

This article considers the significance of different Shakespearean allusions in a political docudrama miniseries This England (2022), directed for Sky by Michael Winterbottom and scripted by Winterbottom and Kieron Quirke. The action focuses on the first crucial months in England after the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, offering a panoramic view of the nation under duress as a newly formed government, with Boris Johnson at its helm, mishandles the crisis. The article seeks to explain the presence of multiple Shakespearean references, from the title alone, through numerous direct quotations to the casting of Kenneth Branagh as Johnson. Shakespearean traces play a pivotal, though confusing, role as they both critique the actions of the government and its leader by offering an ironic framing device while increasing the viewer’s sympathy for its central protagonist via the presence of a Shakespearean celebrity.
Exploring the Visual and Performative Appropriation of Shakespeare in Pakistani Theatres
Authors: Resshid Zakia
Published: September 2024

This research paper examines the experimental nature of appropriation focusing on The National Academy of Performing Arts (NAPA) renditions of Shakespeare’s Hamlet (1603) and Richard III (1597). It investigates how these adaptations bring about changes in both dramatic structure and artistic expression, dissecting visual and performative elements to uncover diverse meanings within live performances. The research delves into how NAPA’s creative choices offer new ways to examine Shakespeare’s universal themes—jealousy, incest, ambition, and hatred— through unconventional theatrical presentations, viewed from a post-dramatic perspective. Using Hans Thies Lehmann’s Post-dramatic theory (1960), it analyses alterations dramaturgical and aesthetical presentation such as plot construction, sign and symbol presentations. By bridging the gap between the art world and stagecraft, this study aims to deepen our understanding of how appropriation, aesthetics, and performance intersect. It also explores how these adaptations contribute to the global presentation of Shakespearean plays, offering insights from Pakistan’s theatrical landscape.
Geographical Information System for Groundwater Potential Zoning in a Peninsular Region of Bihar
Authors: Choudhary Abhishek Kumar , Singh Vivekanand
Published: September 2024

Background: Exponential growth in population and over-exploitation has created groundwater stress situation in several regions globally. The peninsular area spread in the Bhagalpur and Khagaria districts of Bihar (India) is rich in groundwater, but decrease in groundwater level has been observed in the last decade. Methods: In this study, groundwater potential zones have been delineated using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) based AHP. The occurrence of groundwater in the study area is mainly affected by following factors- geomorphology, lithology, lineaments, drainage, soil, annual rainfall, slope, land use land cover and fluctuations in groundwater level. Above factors were considered as themes and were prioritized over each-other using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and merged in a GIS environment to delineate the groundwater potential zones. Result: Four different zones of groundwater potential- low, moderate, high and very high have been observed in the study area. The moderate and high groundwater potential zones cover 44% and 55%, respectively. The delineated potential zones have also been validated using the groundwater levels of the pre- and post-monsoon seasons, which match well. The areas at higher elevations were in the moderate potential zones.
Development and Validation of Duplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in Poultry
Authors: Kannaki T.R. , Priyanka E.
Published: September 2024

Background: Mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), is an economically significant disease in both commercial and backyard poultry. The present work aimed at developing a duplex PCR assay for quick, accurate detection and differentiation of MG and MS and validating it for screening purpose. Methods: Duplex PCR assay was standardized with primers designed specific to the mgc2 gene for MG and hemagglutinin vlhA gene for MS with amplicon size of 150 bp and 787 bp, respectively. Validation of molecular detection of MG and MS with duplex PCR assay was performed with a total of 179 pooled oropharyngeal swab samples from backyard poultry flocks from different parts of India. Result: The duplex PCR assay showed, 133/179 (74.3%), 39/179 (21.78%) and 35/179 (19.55%) positivity for MG, MS and both MG and MS, respectively. Duplex PCR assay showed sensitivity of detection limit of 10-6 of 1 mg/ml of template DNA. Comparison of results of duplex PCR assay with single PCR of field samples showed perfect agreement between two assays (k= 0.90). The duplex PCR validated in the study would be useful in rapid screening/ surveillance, diagnosis and differentiation of MG and MS in field samples in cost-effective manner and to devise effective control strategies.
Cost of Cultivation is Rising or Profitability Rising for Major Pulse Crop? A Case from Rajasthan, India
Authors: Verma Devendra Kumar , Bhagat Vipal , Khoisnam Nikita , Maisnam Guneshori , Subba Ranjit , Awatade Sudarshan C. , Dulal Jaya Prakash
Published: September 2024

Background: The basic challenge every farmer in India faces is to increase profitability level and minimize the cost. For this, it is essential to know how the cost of cultivation and profitability is changing of crops over a period of time. The present study attempted to estimate the cost of cultivation, cost of production and returns of major pulse crops in the Rajasthan state. For workout the economics of pulses crop, secondary data was collected from 2000-01 to 2021-22 which is compiled from various sources and publications for profitability analysis of pulse crop. Methods: The study was conducted in Rajasthan state and analysis done for 22 years used the “Cost of Cultivation of Principal Crops in Rajasthan” by DES, New Delhi uses different cost concepts for estimating costs and returns. In the present study, the cost C2 was considered for computing profitability. Cost C2 in CCPC data covers all the variables and fixed costs. Result: The actual cost of production of gram crop increased from Rs. 1772.32 per quintal in TE 2003 to Rs. 3650.5 per quintal in TE 2021. Return per rupee invested increased from 2.52 to 3.01 during TE 2003 to TE 2021. Cost of production of urad crop had increased from Rs. 2520.63 per quintal in TE 2003 to Rs. 7385.45 per quintal in TE 2021. The return per rupee invested in cost A2 had reduced from 2.14 in TE 2003 to 1.99 in TE 2021. Moong crop also showed increasing trend for cost of production from Rs. 2696.08 per quintal in TE 2003 to Rs. 7385.45 per quintal in TE 2021. Return for each rupee invested a increased from 2.10 in TE 2003 to 2.14 in TE 2021. Return per rupee invested was not profitable for the farmers for urad. Therefore, proper processing and procurement policy for these crops grown by the farmers should be implemented. Urad crop need more efficiently technological breakthrough to reduce cost of production and proper price incentive to pace with other pulses crops in the state.
Pemanfaatan Potensi Lokal Kawasan Karst dan Pesisir Sebagai Laboratorium Outdoor Pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Suma Nasobi Niki
Published: September 2024

Permasalahan pembelajaran IPS di sekolah sangat komplek. Permasalahan ini kaitannya dengan sudut pandang siswa, guru dan dukungan sarana prasarana di sekolah. Siswa sering mengeluh jenuh saat pembelajaran IPS. Sementara itu guru dalam penyampaian materi IPS lebih banyak menggunakan metode ceramah dan kurang kontekstual dengan kondisi riil di lingkungan sekitar. Sarana prasarana sekolah yang minim dan sulit menghadirkan kondisi riil materi-materi IPS yang sifatnya abstrak ke sekolah, semakin membuat kondisi pembelajaran IPS tidak diminati siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah (1) mengidentifikasi potensi lokal kawasan sebagai laboratorium outdoor pembelajaran IPS, dan (2) menganalisis langkah-langkah pembelajaran laboratorium outdoor berbasis kawasan lokal dan kesesuainya dengan materi IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif di lokasi karst dan pesisir Kecamatan Puger, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 titik lokasi di Kecamatan Puger Kabupaten Jember yang cocok untuk digunakan sebagai laboratorium outdoor yang dapat menjadi rekomendasi untuk mengatasi permasalahan pembelajaran IPS. Rekomendasi langkah-langkah pembelajaran di laboratorium outdoor untuk pembelajaran IPS meliputi tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap evaluasi.
Problèmes de pâturage dans l'Adamaoua (Cameroun). 2e partie
Authors: Monnier F. , Piot J.
Published: September 2024

Pas de résumé
La fabrication des allumettes en Côte-d'Ivoire
Authors: De La Mensbruge G.
Published: September 2024

La consommation d'allumettes augmente rapidement en Afrique, et après l'installation d'une usine à Dakar, une nouvelle usine a été construite à Abidjan en 1960. Les bois actuellement utilisés sont Funtumia elastica et F. Latifolia pour les tiges d'allumettes, et Pterygota macrocarpa pour les boîtes. Des recherches ont été entreprises pour trouver d'autres bois, et le Gmelina arborea suscite un intérêt particulier. L'auteur indique les potentialités en Funtumia de la forêt naturelle et les possibilités de plantation de Funtumia et de Gmelina arborea. Il décrit ensuite l'usine elle-même et les opérations de fabrication. La production journalière est de l'ordre de 300 000 à 380 000 boîtes.
Some clinico-pathological observations in Nubian goats treated with ivermectin
Authors: Ali B.H. , Abu Samra M.T.
Published: September 2024

L'ivermectine a été administrée en sous-cutanée à des chèvres de Nubie apparemment saines à la dose recommandées thérapeutiquement de 0,2 mg/Kg et aux doses de 1 mg/kg et 5 mg/kg; les variables cliniques, pathologiques, biochimiques et hématologiques ont été étudiées. A la dose de 0,2 mg/kg et 1 mg/kg, aucun signe clinique évident ni aucun changement hématologique, biochimique ou pathologique n'ont été observés, à l'exception de signes de douleur passagère à l'endroit de l'injection. Ces animaux ont été abattus une semaine aprés le traitement. Aucune modification macroscopique ou histopathologique n'a été relevée. Chez les quatre chèvres qui ont reçu une dose de 5mg/kg, des signes d'intoxication sont apparus quelques minutes aprés le traitement, principalement d'ordre nerveux, se manifestant par une irritabilité, des mouvements rotatoires de la tête, des spasmes musculaires, l'agitation de la queue, la salivation, des bêlements excessifs, des gémissements, l'affaissement et finalement la mort. Une chèvre est morte dans les 5 minutes suivant le traitement, les trois autres dans les trois ou quatre jours. Ces denières avaient des taux cardiaques et respiratoires inférieurs à la normale, présentaient de l'anorexie et de l'anémie. A l'autopsie on a retrouvé des hémorragies et des congestions dans le poumon et dans le foie. Aucun changement histopathologique majeur n'a été observé, à l'exception cependant d'une hépatite nécrosante non-suppurative multi-focale trouvée dans le foie
Effect of NPK fertilization and seed rate on barley (Hordeum vulgare) yield, yield component and nitrogen dynamics in semi-arid conditions
Authors: Islamzade Rahila , Islamzade Tariverdi , Hasanova Gatiba , Huseynova Sultan , Babayeva Tunzala
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of varying of NPK fertilization doses and seed rates on barley (Hordeum vulgare) yield, yield components, and inorganic nitrogen (NH4-N and NO3-N) dynamics in semi-arid conditions without artificial irrigation.
Material and Methods: The field experiment was conducted at the Gobustan Experimental Station from October 2018 to June 2019, utilizing the "Celilabad-19" barley variety. A randomized complete block design with four replications was employed, incorporating various seed rates and NPK fertilizer treatments. Plant and soil samples were collected at different phenological stages, and analyses included grain and straw yield, yield parameters, total N content of plant, and soil NH4-N and NO3-N levels.
Results and Discussion: The results the treatment with a seed rate of 140 kg/ha and N60P45K45 fertilizer application consistently demonstrated the highest aboveground biomass, grain, and straw yields. This treatment exhibited optimal N content during the Full Maturity stage of plant.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study has provided insights into optimizing barley cultivation practices in semi-arid climates, such as seed rate and NPK fertilizer dose. With a seed rate of 140 kg/ha and N60P45K45 fertilizer application, the highest yield and performance indicators were achieved in the “Celilabad-19” barley variety.
Tuz stresi altındaki pamukta (Gossypium hirsutum L.) 24-epibrassinolid’in etkinliği
Authors: Altunlu Hakan , Surgun Acar Yonca , Altan Filiz , Tuna Atilla Levent , Bürün Betül
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Üç pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) çeşidinde (Nazilli 84-S, Carmen, Beyaz Altın-119) NaCl stresine karşı 24-epibrassinolid (EBR) uygulamasının etkisi araştırılmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Pamuk tohumları 3 µM EBR çözeltisi ile 24 saat muamele edildikten sonra saksılara ekilmiş ve 75, 150 mM NaCl içeren Hoagland besin çözeltisiyle sulanmıştır. Çiçeklenme dönemi başlangıcında hasat edilen bitkilerde kuru ağırlık, membran geçirgenliği, stoma yoğunluğu, nispi su kapsamı, antioksidatif enzim aktiviteleri, fotosentetik pigment ve DNA kapsamları belirlenmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: EBR uygulaması bitkilerin kuru ağırlıkları, nisbi su kapsamı ve stoma yoğunluğunda meydana gelen düşüşü azaltmıştır. Her üç çeşitte de tuz konsantrasyonunun artması ile membran geçirgenliği artmış, ancak bu artış EBR uygulaması ile azalmıştır. NaCl uygulaması ile antioksidatif enzim aktiviteleri (SOD ve POD) önemli oranda artmıştır. NaCl uygulaması stoma-kilit hücre sayısı, pigment kapsamlarını ve DNA içeriğini azaltmış ancak bu azalma EBR uygulaması ile hafifletilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, pamuk çeşitlerinde tuza bağlı olarak antioksidatif enzim aktivitesinde artışı göstermekte ve EBR’nin tuz stresi altındaki pamuk bitkisinde su potansiyeli ve membran bütünlüğünün korunmasına yardımcı olarak stresi hafifletici etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır.
Hıyar (Cucumis sativus) bitkisinde Kök-ur nematodları (Meloidogyne spp.) ile mücadelede salisilik asit ve Paecilomyces lilacinus strain PL1’un birlikte kullanımı
Authors: Çipli Barış , Kaşkavalcı Galip
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hıyar bitkisinde salisilik asit ile birlikte, organik tarımda kullanımı yaygınlaşan Bio Nematon® (Paeciloymces lilacinus) SL ve WP formülasyonlarının Meloidogyne incognita’ya karşı kullanım olanakları araştırılmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışma Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü Nematoloji Laboratuvarı’na ait iklim odasında 16:8 fotoperiyod süresi ve 27±3°C’de kontrollü olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemenin karakterlerini Paecilomyces lilacinus PL1 (Bio Nematon®) biyopreparatının SL ve WP formülasyonlarının ayrı ayrı ve salisilik asit (Carl Roth) ile kombine edilmiş uygulamaları, salisilik asit (Carl Roth) uygulaması, pozitif ve negatif kontrol oluşturmuştur. Negatif kontrol hariç tüm karakterlere Meloidogyne incognita (1500 J2/saksı) verilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Salisilik asit uygulaması pozitif kontrol ile karşılaştırıldığında kökteki ur oluşumu üzerinde %53 oranında azaltıcı etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Salisilik asit + Bio Nematon® WP uygulamasında bu oran %51.3 iken, salisilik asit + Bio Nematon® SL uygulamasında ise %50.9 oranında azaltıcı etki saptanmıştır. Deneme sonunda toprakta bulunan J2 sayıları pozitif kontrol ile kıyaslandığında salisilik asit uygulaması ve salisilik asit + Bio Nematon® SL uygulamasının topraktaki J2 sayısı üzerinde %34.1 azaltıcı etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Salisilik asit uygulamalarının bitki gelişimi üzerinde olumlu etkiye , kökteki ur oluşumu üzerinde de azaltıcı etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.
Childbearing under different family policy schemes
Authors: Ezdi Sehar , Kilpi-Jakonen Elina , Pöyliö Heta , Erola Jani
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study assesses whether and how changes in family policies are associated with first and second births in Finland, Germany and the United Kingdom, and whether these associations differ by women’s education.
Background: Family policies are expected to impact the direct and indirect costs of childbearing by providing resources that influence the monetary and non-monetary costs of having children. The countries analysed here have undergone substantial changes in family policy throughout the two decades analysed, but each country has changed different aspects of their policies, and they have done so in different policy environments.
Method: We analysed women aged 18–44 and their transitions to first and second births using register data from Finland (N = 57,518 / 21,685) and panel data from Germany (G-SOEP, N=37,716 / 16,756) and the UK (BHPS and Understanding Society, N = 13,213 / 9,992) complemented with annual family policy information. The data were analysed using logistic regression models and interactions, and the results are presented as average marginal effects.
Results: The results suggest that the association between changes in family policies and transitions to first and second child birth varied by birth parity, women’s education level, and between countries. For example in Finland, increases in paternity leave length were associated with greater propensities to transition to first birth for highly educated women, whereas increases in child allowances had a similar association for lower educated women. In Germany, reductions in maternity leave length were associated with increased transitions to first birth for higher educated women. In the UK, increases in maternity leave length were associated with greater transitions to first births among all women.
Conclusion: The results highlight that to the extent that family policies influence fertility, they do so depending on both the country context and often differentially within countries based on women’s education level and birth parity.
Concurrency, Shared Variables, Compositionality : An Unlikely Triple
Authors: Yip Eugene , Lüttgen Gerald
Published: September 2024

This paper reports our experiences with extending Interface Automaton (IA) with shared variables by lifting IA’s intuitive notion of refinement and compositionality to shared variables. Although there are existing works that introduce shared variables to IA, they typically support a very restricted notion of sharing, e.g., the value of a shared variable is only defined for the duration of an atomic operation, with no ability to persist values for subsequent operations. When attempting to formulate the semantics of shared variables that could persist their values across operations, we encountered numerous challenges when defining a notion of refinement that respected compositionality. We conjecture that, even for a basic notion of variable persistence, concurrent shared variable accesses between automata create a tight data dependency that prevents a compositional reasoning. We discuss the generality of this negative result in relation to other concurrency theories.
Review of literature on capital structure: Independent and Dependent Variables
Authors: Chaudhary Bharti , Singh Netra Pal , Mittal Ruby
Published: September 2024

Choosing a capital structure presents many difficulties for businesses. Choosing the right balance between debt and equity is one of the most important decisions. A poor capital structure decision has the power to completely ruin any company's success. Researchers have shown interest in analyzing the capital structure of the companies. The main objective of this paper to review these empirical studies of capital structure and to identify frequently used parameter by the researchers for last 14 years. The empirical capital structure literature is reviewed in this paper, with a focus on works released since 2010. The research paper also intends to address particular issues for further investigation while highlighting the significant gaps in the literature on the factors influencing capital structure and it compares the outcomes of practical research with theoretical expectations. This study investigates the independent factors and their dependent effects that lead companies to stray from ideal capital structures. This study primarily focuses on review of studies in the context of: (i) Capital structure in the banking and financial institutions sector; (ii) Capital structure in the metals industry; (iii) Retail industry; (iv) Software industry; and (v) Pharmaceutical industry. Only secondary data were used in this present study.