bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functionality of medium-sized cities
Authors: Беляев В.А. , Калимуллина Э.Р.
Published: May 2023

Актуальность статьи обусловлена новыми демографическими, социомедицинскими и внешними условиями развития страны. Цель статьи заключается в обосновании нового драйвера развития политики расселения. В статье проанализированы такие функции среднего города, как самосохранность и самообеспечение, показаны наличие в нем не только систем жизнеобеспечения (как в малых поселениях), но и системы его социального развития, что обеспечивает перспективы средних городов и солидные жизненные шансы их жителям. Авторы выявляют негативные аспекты концепции превращения России в конгломерат мегаполисов с окрестностями и обосновывают возможности средних городов как альтернативы этому. Раскрыты принципиальные отличия средних городов от малых и от мегаполисов, позволяющие первым стать драйверами экономического и социального роста страны, центрами концентрации социальных объектов, притягивающих окрестное население к пользованию ими. Показаны социодемографические, социомедицинские и военно-стратегические факторы рассредоточения населения в средние города, особенно важные в современных условиях. Статья предназначена для студентов и преподавателей, изучающих демографические и социальные проблемы урбанизма.

The relevance of the article is due to the new demographic, socio-medical and external conditions of the country's development. The purpose of the article is to substantiate a new driver for the development of the resettlement policy. The article analyzes such functions of a medium-sized city as self-preservation and self-sufficiency, shows the presence in it not only life-support systems (as in small settlements), but also its social-development systems, which provides perspectives for medium-sized cities and solid life chances for their residents. The authors identify the negative aspects of the concept of turning Russia into a conglomerate of megacities with neighborhoods and substantiate the possibilities of medium-sized cities as an alternative to this. The fundamental social differences of medium-sized city from small towns and from megacities are revealed, allowing the first of them to become drivers of economic and social growth of the country, centers of concentration of social objects that attract the surrounding population to use them. Sociodemographic, socio-medical and military-strategic factors of population` dispersal into medium-sized cities, especially important in modern conditions, are shown. The article is intended for students and university-teachers, studying the demographic and social problems of urbanism.
Balance of organic matter of sod-podzolic soil in crop rotations with medium-forming and sideral crops
Authors:   Kaliningrad Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences - branch of the V.R. Williams Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoperov Andrey , Zarudny Vladimir , Pyatakov Maxim
Published: May 2023

In the conditions of the Kaliningrad region, long-term research substantiates the possibility of using four- and five-field field crop rotations with a positive balance of organic matter for long-term binding of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the form of stable humus in the soil. The introduction of medium-forming and sideral crops into field short-rotation crop rotations makes it possible to improve the agrophysical condition of the soil, due to the sideration of annual crops and plant residues of perennial legumes, which contributed to an increase in yield. Thus, when growing winter wheat after clover harvest, grain harvests averaged 44.4 c/ha over three years, which is 23.7% higher than for other predecessors. Four– and five-field crop rotations with the inclusion of perennial legumes and grasses have a significant potential for the accumulation of organic matter for its subsequent conservation in the form of humus. The greatest positive balance of humus (+2.5 t/ha) was observed in the crop rotation with the inclusion of fodder beans, spring barley under the cover of perennial grasses and winter triticale. The use of annual mixed legumes and cereals during sowing in summer as precursor siderates for winter rapeseed, barley, wheat, and ginger contributes to the increased accumulation of organic matter in crop rotation. Keywords: BALANCE OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER, HUMUS, SHORT-ROTATION CROP ROTATION, ENVIRONMENT-FORMING AND SIDERAL CROPS
On organizational structures of food and fire safety management in Central Siberia
Authors:   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Nikulin Mikhail
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of self-organization of science-intensive technological processes in agriculture and fire protection of farmland and forests. Examples of modern solutions in the field of monitoring farmland and forests using unmanned aerial vehicles, small aircraft and helicopters are given. The latest achievements in the development of airships for these purposes are described, including a method patented by the authors for detecting and fighting fires using gas separation nanotechnology to replace the main fire extinguishing agent (water) with atmospheric nitrogen. The conditions for self-organization of technological processes in agriculture are determined. The results of the synthesis of the model of a "fire-agricultural combine-airship", combining "inside itself" not only the functions of fire extinguishing with separated atmospheric nitrogen, but also all agricultural technologies and precision farming equipment - "without tractors, seeders, harvesters, trucks and reclamation systems" are given. Keywords: AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES, AGRICULTURAL AVIATION, ANTI-FIRE AVIATION, MEMBRANE AIR SEPARATORS, INTEGRATION OF SAFETY AND AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, HYBRID AIRSHIPS
Energy-efficient electrotechnologies in AIC
Authors: Khalina Tatyana , Kornev Sergey
Published: May 2023

Development strategy of the Russian Federation agro-industrial complex (AIC) is determined by State program for development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural commodity markets. Tasks and objectives, directions of AIC growth making provisions for integrated development of all economic sectors have been set out on its basis. Thus, securing gross domestic product growth rate above worldwide average considers achievement of index of agricultural output in the year 2030 in scope of 114.6% relative to level of the year 2020 and achievement of index of food production in the year 2030 in scope of 114.7% relative to level of the year 2020. For the achievement of the pre-determined goals special projects and programs have been developed, including “Development of economic sectors and technology modernization of agro-industrial complex”, “Federal scientific and technological agricultural development program for the years 2014-2030”, Concept of development of agricultural science and scientific support of the Russian Federation agro-industrial complex for the period up to the year 2025, Concept of agricultural sector power supply up to the year 2035. Scientific support for formation and introduction of breakthrough solutions focused on solving the most important tasks on AIC development has been conducted by research institutes of Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations of the Russian Federation (All-Russian Research Institute of Rural Electrification, All-Russian Research Institute of Livestock Production Engineering, Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture Motorization, etc.) under the guidance of the Russian Academy of Sciences Agricultural Science Branch. Technical and technological modernization with the use of modern energy-efficient electrotechnologies in arable farming, livestock farming, fodder pro-duction and agro-processing has been recognized as currently important and prospective line of AIC sectors development. The submitted article meets the challenge of operating objectives solution. Keywords: ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ELECTROTECHNOLOGIES IN AIC, NANOSTRUCTURED MULTIELECTRODE COMPOSITE ELECTRIC HEATER, SELF-ADJUSTING, ELECTRIC HEATING, ELECTROTHER-MAL DISINFECTION
ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY OF BIPOLAR DIATHERMY REGARDING RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE (RLN) DAMAGE IN THYROID SURGERY
Authors: Balghari Khalid Waliullah , Najaf Abbas  , Maqsood Ahmed Khan  , Muhammad Ilyas  , Mazhar ul Islam  , Muhammad Toseef Ijaz
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTAim: to present our experience regarding the safety of bipolar diathermy in relation to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage during thyroidectomy. BACKGROUND: Thyroidectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures all over the world with an encouragingly low morbidity rate. The advent of new biomedical equipment has increased the precision of this procedure and has further reduced the incidence of complications. Classically thyroidectomy, like other surgical procedures was performed by conventional knife and scissor dissection techniques with excessive use of sutures for control of bleeding.METHODS: This is an observational clinical study. In this study we share our experience regarding 52 patients with thyroid gland enlargement who underwent thyroidectomy with the help of bipolar cautery from February 2015 to February 2017 at Islam Teaching Hospital Sialkot.RESULTS: Our study shows that most of the patients (57.7%) belonged to the age group of 18 to 30 years. There was no patient above 50 years of age. Majority of the patients (84.6%) were female. 53.8% of patients underwent hemithyroidectomy, 38.5% of patients underwent a near total thyroidectomy whereas 7.7% of patients underwent a total thyroidectomy. 48.1% of patients took 30 to 45 minutes for their procedures, 46.2% of patients took 45 to 60 minutes, and 5.8 patients took up to 75 minutes. Of the 52 patients, none developed any vocal cord palsy or weakness immediately after the completion of surgery, seen after extubation at the operating table.CONCLUSION: Cautious use of bipolar cautery in the Beahrs triangle is perfectly safe regarding nerve injury as the current stays confined between the two prongs of the bipolar forceps and because it keeps the operating field clear of blood.
PREVALENCE OF SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER ATTENDING PSYCHIATRY DEPARTMENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Waheed Ahmad , Tariq M. Ismail Tariq , Bokhari Sumira Qambar , Shahid Hameed Warris  , Rashid Aysha , Hashmi Surya Fazal
Published: May 2023

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

PREVALENCE OF SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER ATTENDING PSYCHIATRY DEPARTMENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN

Ahmed Waheed, M. Ismail Tariq, Sumira Qambar Bokhari, Shahid Hameed Warris, Aysha Rashid, Surya Fazal Hashmi.

 

 

ABSTRACT

Background:

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating disease which runs a chronic course and affects patient’s functioning badly. Frequency of Suicidal thoughts and attempts is much more common in OCD patients than it was thought previously.

 

Objective:

To determine the frequency of suicidal ideation among patients with obsessive compulsive disorder presenting in a tertiary care hospital.

 

Material & Methods

This Cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care hospital on 159 patients of OCD. Demographic data was taken. All patients were assessed for history of suicidal attempt. History of suicidal ideation was obtained from patients on a Performa comprising of BECK suicidal intent scale. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20.

 

Results:

Suicidal ideation was found in 40(25.2%) patients. Frequency of suicidal ideation was higher among female (57.5%) patients as compared to male (42.5%) patients. Socio-demographic factors like age, gender, duration of OCD, marital status, educational status and financial condition did not show any statistically significant association with suicidal ideation.

 

Conclusion:

Current study showed that suicidal ideation was present in 25% of the patients of OCD which signifies the importance of assessment of suicidal ideation in all OCD patients routinely.

 

Key words:

Suicidal ideation, Obsessive compulsive disorder, Psychiatry department.
TEACHING OPHTHALMOSCOPY WITH DIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPE VS ARCLIGHT OPHTHALMOSCOPE IN POST-GRADUATE NON-OPHTHALMOLOGY RESIDENTS
Authors: Irfan Abdullah , Muhammad Moin  , Chaudhry Adeel
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To compare the ease of use, perceived duration of examination and patient comfort during fundoscopy using Arclight ophthalmoscope against conventional direct ophthalmoscope.

Study Design: Comparative Cross Sectional

Sampling Technique: Purposive Sampling Technique

Place & Duration of Study: This study was executed during two workshop sessions of 180 minutes each held in 2019 at Ophthalmology department of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore.

Material &Methods: Post Graduate residents from different departments of Lahore general hospital were invited over to participate in hands On workshop. Participants were given a brief review of fundoscopy techniques and response booklets were given to them for noting down their findings. Patients with variable Vertical Cup to disc ratio (VCDR) had their pupils pharmacologically dilated for participants to examine the fundus. After successful collection of data from 74 post graduates in two sessions, it was compiled and used to draw statistically significant descriptive and inferential results.

Results : During this teaching experience in form of workshop , the scores from both devices were used and correlation was positive ( Pearson Correlation value = 0.712) and significant (p-value = 0.000). It was seen that mean Ease of use score for Direct Ophthalmoscope was 6.0 (± 1.345) while the mean of EOU for Arclight was 6.23 (± 1.193) showing that ease of use by the examiners for both devices was almost same, however Arclight was slightly easier to use and handle. Patients perceived slightly less glare and more comfort during examination with Arclight (Mean Comfort Score = 3.27 ± 0.703) as compared to standard direct ophthalmoscope (Mean Comfort Score = 3.0 ± 0.617). Duration of examination perceived by the subjects was uncomfortably long with Direct Ophthalmoscope (Mean LOE Score 2.77 ± 0.685) , while it was relatively shorter with Arclight (Mean LOE Score = 3.18 ± 0.664).

Conclusion : In addition to being cost effective and a compact instrument, Arclight is slightly easier to use with a shorter learning curve for the beginners. It is better tolerated by patients hence providing more comfort during examination in terms of glare. The length of examination as perceived by the patients, is also much shorter for Arclight as compared to standard direct ophthalmoscope.
EFFECTS OF CAFFEINATED SOFT DRINKS & ENERGY DRINKS ON ADULT RAT BODY WEIGHT, LIVER WEIGHT AND RELATIVE TISSUE WEIGHT INDEX
Authors: Saira Munawar  , Shagufta Nasreen  , Kanwal Sharif  , Muhammad Suhail
Published: May 2023

Objective/Background: Youngsters are consuming caffeinated soft drinks and energy drinks at frightening rates without knowing their safety. Therefore, the research was conducted to observe the effects of most universally used caffeinated soft drink (SD), (Coca Cola) and energy drink(ED) (Red Bull) on the body weight and weight of livers of rats.

Material and Methods: Control group, SD group (experimental group) and ED group (experimental group) were given11ml/kg body weight of distilled water, Coca Cola and Red Bull per day, respectively for 8 weeks. At the start and at the end of the experiment, all the rats were weighed and then the rats were dissected and their livers were weighed and RTWI calculated.

Results: The gain in body weight of both experimental groups at the end of the experiment was insignificant in comparison to control group. Difference in liver weight of all the groups was not statically significant but RTWI was higher of SD group was than control group.

Conclusion: Consumption of Caffeinated soft drinks (Coca Cola) and energy drinks (Red Bull) raised body weight but the liver weight remains almost unaffected in comparison to control whereas RTWI of SD group was significantly more. Caffeine content of both these could be held responsible for these affects, thereby making their consumption questionable.
ROLE OF VAGINAL PROGESTERONE IN THE PREVENTION OF PRETERM DELIVERY
Authors: Dr Mehwish Illyas  , Muhammad Al-Fareed Zafar  , Dr Amna Shahid  , Dr Shabnam Tariq  , Dr Naila Yasmeen  , Dr Kamran Qureshi
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Preterm Birth is the main cause  of   Perinatal morbidity and Mortality. Progesterone has been used  for preventing Preterm Labour  and is being  advocated for it. Its  use  in women presenting  with Preterm labor  pains has diverse results.The administration  of Progesterone has been shown to lower  not only  the number of  the episodes of  preterm Uterine contractions but it also decrease  the  incidence   of preterm delivery in the high  risk  women for Preterm delivery. 

OBJECTIVE

To compare the frequency of Spontaneous Preterm Birth , in the woman having a  prior history of one spontaneous Preterm Delivery, who are treated by 100mg of vaginal progesterone pessary daily versus controls.

STUDY DESIGN

 A Randomized controlled trial  was carried out at the Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department  of Lahore General Hospital (a tertiary care hospital) of 6 months duration from 1-09-2018 To 28-02-2019. Two groups of Patients were made. Patients in Group-A were instructed to use a vaginal pessary containing 100mg natural progesterone daily before going to sleep every night, starting from the time of enrollment to 36 weeks of pregnancy or until occurrence of preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes.  Patients in Group-B did not receive progesterone pessary and acted as control.All the patient were followed up until  the delivery.

 RESULTS

In Group :A and in Group:B mean age of  the women was 27.71±3.31 and 27.81±3.57 years. There were total 60(30%) neonates who were  delivered  premature. In Group-A, the frequency of preterm delivery was 21%(21/100), while in Group-B it was 39%. The  frequency of the Preterm delivery was quite significantly less in the women who were on progesterone as compared to the women who were not given progesterone. i.e. (p-value=0.005)

CONCLUSION

It is thus concluded that  vaginal  progesterone resulted in Significant reduction of  the Preterm delivery rate in the  women with a prior history of  1 spontaneous Preterm birth i.e. 21% in treatment group A vs. 39% in non-treatment group B.
LAPROSCOPIC ENTRY: SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DIRECT TROCAR TECHNIQUE WITHOUT PRIOR PNEUMOPERITONEUM VS VERRES NEEDLE TECHNIQUE IN LAPAROSCOPIC GYNAECOLOGICAL SURGERY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL SETTING:A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Dr Maimoona Ashraf  , Dr Nazia Ayyub  , Dr Rehana Ayyub  , Dr Muhammad Zeeshan Arain
Published: May 2023

The purpose of our study was to compare whether DTI umbilical entry can be a safe and effective alternate to enter abdominal cavity as compared to insertion after prior pneumoperitoneum as in conventionally practiced VN technique in patients undergoing various gynecologic laparoscopic procedures.

STUDY DESIGN:

Randomized clinical trial.

SETTING:

Department of OBGYN PGMI/AMC/LGH Lahore, over a period of two years from Feb 2018 to March 2020.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

It was performed on 150 patients admitted for either diagnostic or operative laparoscopic procedures. These patients were randomly allocated to either DTI (n=75) or VN(n=75). Procedure was performed by highly experienced consultant gynecologist trained in laparoscopy

OUTCOME MEASURES:

Visceral and Vascular injury

Time taken for laparoscope entry into abdomen

RESULTS:

No major complication was observed in both techniques. 1.3% complication rate was noted in DTI technique while 5.3 % of patients suffered minor complications in VN technique. Mean time for laparoscopic entry was less in DTI technique (1.79+- 2.39 min) than in VN technique (3.63+- 0.64 min) p<0.001

CONCLUSION

DTI technique is a safer one step effective and faster technique for laparoscopic entry in comparison to conventional VN technique with additional advantage of eliminating complications related to VN technique.
COMPARISON OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF RECURRENT ANTERIOR SHOULDER DISLOCATION
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Khan Mehran , Khan Muhammad Adnan Shahid , Latif Usman
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background

Shoulder joint is the most mobile joint of the body. Shoulder joint dislocation accounts for the 50% of all the dislocations. Its incidence is 2 % among general population. In most of the cases it is recurrent shoulder dislocation and in 97% cases of recurrent dislocation it is anterior dislocation. Mechanism for recurrent anterior dislocation is abduction, external rotation and extension. There is persistent inability of tissues to keep the humeral head in glenoid cavity. It may result from sudden injury to glenoid cavity (Bankart lesion), proximal humerus (Hillsachs lesion), repetitive micro trauma or and a result of generalized ligamentous laxity. Once the shoulder is dislocated it is vulnerable to repetitive episodes.

Objective:

To compare the functional outcome of two different treatment modalities (latarjet &Bristow procedure and Bankart Repair) in recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation

Subjects and methods

Study design: randomized clinical trial

Settings and duration: department of orthopaedic surgery services hospital Lahore from December 2017 to December 2018.

Sample collection: A total no of 40 patients with age 18-30 years both male and female having recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder were included in the study. Patients with ligamentous laxity, psychological ailment and global instability were excluded from the study.

Data collection and analysis: Patients were divided in two groups having 20 patients in each group. Detailed history, clinical examination, radiographs, CT scan and MRI was completed to establish the diagnosis of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. We performed Bristow latarjet procedure in group a and Bankart repair in group B. All patients were followed at 1st , 2nd , 3rd , 4th,6th week and then  at 4th , 6th and 9 months clinically  and radiologically to assess the Instability and mobility by using Rowe score.

Results: there were 16 males and 4 females while in group B were 17 males and 3 females. Mean age in group A was 26.7 years (18-30) while in group B was 27 years (18-29) which was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Right shoulder was involved in 13 (65%) patients in group A and 15 (75%) in group B. left shoulder was involved in 7 (35%) patients of Group A and 5 (25%) of group B. In group A 18 patients had excellent results, one patient was having grade I subluxation and one patient had positive apprehension test. In group B four patients had recurrence and three patients had subluxation of grade II.

Conclusion

Results of latarjet and Bristow procedure were excellent than Banckart repair. Patients satisfaction was also better in group A  than group B.
COVID-19: Hydroxychloroquine Makes You Better Off or Worse Off
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Junaid , Ullah Irfan , Ur Rehman Ibad , Khalid Waheed
Published: May 2023

Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are already in use and effective for certain diseases including malaria and auto-immune diseases. So the public has easy access to these medications, and importantly due to surge in prescriptions and self-medication based on speculations about the drugs for prevention and cure of COVID-19, it has threatened the availability of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to patients for whom they are known to be effective. Several studies have shown that these drugs, with or without azithromycin, are significantly associated with greater hazard of in-hospital mortality, particularly in patients with cardiac conditions. Considering how effectively a physician must weigh the pros and cons of it in each case and adjust its dose and use accordingly, self-medication becomes a big no. So people stocking up on hydroxychloroquine and using it without any guidance can be fatal and puts their life at risk. US president has argued about hydroxychloroquine that it is a widely used and safe drug and could be “game-changer” for COVID-19. This has reignited the controversy over the drug and suggested individuals like businessmen for stockpiling and distribution of the drug to the public. Large randomized controlled trials are required to evaluate their efficacy and safety so that patients could be protected by the undesirable and harmful effects associated with these drugs.
VARIATION IN ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS IN COVID 19 PANDEMIC: ARE THE LACK OF KNOWLEDGE AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES UNDERLYING DETERMINANTS
Authors: Rashid Aysha , Arif Zaheer  , Adil Zaheer  , Ismail Tariq  , Sumira Qamber Bokhari  , Shahid Hameed Waris
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE

To measure the impact of knowledge and demographic variables on attitude and practices among healthcare workers regarding Covid-19 in Punjab-Pakistan

STUDY DESIGN

A cross-sectional survey using electronic distribution of questionnaire.

SETTING AND DURATION OF STUDY

The study was conducted through online survey in Punjab province from 11.7.2020-20.7.20

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Through snowball sampling technique, a sample of 350 healthcare workers was taken from all over the Punjab after taking consent. Demographic information was collected on demographic sheet. Survey questionnaire contained 29 items to assess knowledge, attitude and practices concerning the epidemic. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS version 20.

RESULTS

Results showed that most of the participants (64.8%) fall in the category of minimal knowledge, mean scores on fearful attitude measure was 2.72 with standard deviation 1.36.Around 52.9% healthcare workers have  poor practices while 47.1% in good practices category. Positive correlation between knowledge and practices was found significant (p<0.05). Results of regression analysis demonstrated that knowledge influences practices significantly (β= .12, p< .001), i.e. it gives positive correlation among healthcare workers :F (1, 348) = 5.01. Moreover, these was signiﬁcant difference in knowledge scores for six profession groups: F (5, 344) = 73.91.

CONCLUSION

The study concluded that most of the healthcare workers have minimal knowledge of covid-19, however their attitudes and practices vary from each other. The knowledge of healthcare staff highly affects their practices regarding pandemic. Moreover, profession influence the level of knowledge. However the place of residence is not statistically significantly associated with practices and knowledge. The findings can help to draw interventions for enhancing positive practices among healthcare workers.
ACADEMIC STRESS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Amarha Naeem  , Rimsha Munir  , Arfa Aziz  , Farhat Ijaz  , Farida Hafeez  , Rana Khurram Aftab
Published: May 2023

Background and objective: In Pakistan the first case of COVID-19 was reported on 26th February it led towards the closure of educational institutions on 14th March and at that time medical education also got transitioned regarding content of basic health sciences, behavioral sciences and  clinical health sciences along with other educational institutions as this online transition got started with less infrastructure. As medical students are more convenient in physical interactive sessions of study. This study aimed to find the perception of academic stress among medical students in COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: This study was conducted in June 2020 by online survey using non-probability convenient type of sampling.

Methodology:  In this study, 385 medical and dental students of the age (16-31years) from both Private and public sector medical colleges, after providing informed consent participants completed this online survey. Perception of academic stress was accessed by using pre-tested questionnaire of the Perception of Academic Stress Scale. Five-point Likert scale was used for the responses on items. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS. Data was presented in frequency and percentages. Chi-square test was used for comparison.P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant

 Results: The results showed that 120(31.2%) students were found confident regarding their future and almost same number of students were also stressed out regarding their studies in pandemic of COVID-19 as 118(30.6%) students strongly agreed with this statement. There were significantly higher number of female students106(32.2%) who feel this pandemic stressed them out regarding studies as compare to male students12(21.4%)(0.009).

Conclusion: We found that students were not satisfied with this setup and got frustrated in COVID-19 pandemic because of the disruption of their studies.

Keywords:

Academic stress, COVID-19 pandemic, Medical students, Online classes.
Counting Various Vehicles using YOLOv4 and DeepSORT
Authors: Kusumah Alfan Pahreza , Djayusman Dena , Setiadi Galih Rizki , Nugraha Ade Chandra , Hidayatullah Priyanto
Published: May 2023

The Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) conducted a traffic survey to determine the total number of vehicles and classify them according to the Bina Marga vehicle categorisation. The survey has thus far been carried out manually. As a result, surveys take a lot of time and money to perform. Additionally, as the survey scope grows, so will the requirement for surveyors. Therefore, a substitute that can execute the survey procedure automatically and with tolerable accuracy is required. One solution is to utilise deep learning technology to detect and categorise vehicles that can be used in apps. The program is designed as a web application that provides a summary of vehicle calculations and receives video data from traffic recordings. The deep learning model used is YOLOv4 which is trained to recognise vehicle classes following Bina Marga vehicle types. The model was trained and tested using the Python programming language and the Darknet framework on the Google Colab platform. The YOLOv4 and DeepSORT method with custom dataset reached a decent accuracy of 67.94%, considering the limited 1000 images used for training the model.
Identification of Whatsapp Digital Evidence on Android Smartphones using The Android Backup APK (Application Package Kit) Downgrade Method
Authors: Sulisdyantoro Deny , Marzuki Marza Ihsan
Published: May 2023

The use of WhatsApp for actions that lead to unlawful acts is a serious matter that needs to be proven in court. Android and the WhatsApp messaging application continue to update their features and security to provide maximum service and protection to its users, such as the WhatsApp database encryption using crypt14. With crypt14 encryption on the WhatsApp database, investigations of WhatsApp digital evidence against Electronic Evidence (BBE) require an acquisition and extraction method to identify artefacts relevant to digital evidence needs. The National Institute Standard Technology (NIST) reference methodology, from the collection, examination, and analysis to reporting stages, has become a widely used framework for digital forensics against BBE. The Android Backup Application Package Kit (APK) Downgrade method can decrypt the WhatsApp database crypt14 to become a solution that can be used in the framework of mobile forensics to answer the needs of investigations into certain criminal cases, including data that users have deleted. With the Cellebrite tools, the Android Backup Application Package Kit (APK) Downgrade method can identify approximately 651% more artefacts than the Android Backup and logical acquisition methods using the FinalData and MobilEdit tools.
Design and Simulation High Pass Filter Second Order and C-Type Filter for Reducing Harmonics as Power Quality Repair Effort in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Malik Mochamad Irlan , Ihsanto Eko
Published: May 2023

Electrical distribution is one of the most important parameters in industrial processes. Therefore, good power quality is needed as a supply to industrial machines. The use of industrial machines has an impact on the emergence of harmonics. As a result of the large Harmonics, the quality of power is getting worse, affecting productivity in the industry. Therefore, samples were taken using a Power Quality Analyzer on an 800 kVA transformer on the secondary side of the transformer to maximise the supply of electricity to consumers. Then obtained THDi Phase L1 of 23.1%, phase L2 of 24.7% and phase L3 of 21% and IHDi on the 5th order in phase L1 18.3%, phase L2 20.7% and phase L3 16.6% regarding (IEEE Std 3002.8-2018) and (SPLN D5.004-1:2012) the IHDi value should not be more than 7%. Then simulated using MATLAB/Simulink by designing the Second Order High Pass Filter and C-Type Filter. The results obtained by combining the two filters gained THDi results in the L1 phase at 2.53%, the L2 phase at 2.69% and the L3 phase at 2.22% and the IHDi at the 5th order of the L1 phase at 1.48%, the L2 phase 1.62% and L3 phase 1.33%.
Learning a Multimodal 3D Face Embedding for Robust RGBD Face Recognition
Authors: Faizabadi Ahmed Rimaz , Mohd Zaki Hasan Firdaus , Zainal Abidin Zulkifli , Husman Muhammad Afif , Nik Hashim Nik Nur Wahidah
Published: May 2023

Machine vision will play a significant role in the next generation of IR 4.0 systems. Recognition and analysis of faces are essential in many vision-based applications. Deep Learning provides the thrust for the advancement in visual recognition. An important tool for visual recognition tasks is Convolution Neural networks (CNN). However, the 2D methods for machine vision suffer from Pose, Illumination, and Expression (PIE) challenges and occlusions. The 3D Race Recognition (3DFR) is very promising for dealing with PIE and a certain degree of occlusions and is suitable for unconstrained environments. However, the 3D data is highly irregular, affecting the performance of deep networks. Most of the 3D Face recognition models are implemented from a research aspect and rarely find a complete 3DFR application. This work attempts to implement a complete end-to-end robust 3DFR pipeline. For this purpose, we implemented a CuteFace3D. This face recognition model is trained on the most challenging dataset, where the state-of-the-art model had below 95% accuracy. An accuracy of 98.89% is achieved on the intellifusion test dataset. Further, for open world and unseen domain adaptation, embeddings learning is achieved using KNN. Then a complete FR pipeline for RGBD face recognition is implemented using a RealSense D435 depth camera. With the KNN classifier and k-fold validation, we achieved 99.997% for the open set RGBD pipeline on registered users. The proposed method with early fusion four-channel input is found to be more robust and has achieved higher accuracy in the benchmark dataset.
Conversational Analysis Agents for Depression Detection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Olowolayemo Akeem , Tanni Maymuna Gulfam , Emon Intiser Ahmed , Ahhmed Umayma , Mohd Dzahier ‘Arisya , Safin Md Rounak , Nisha Nusrat Zahan
Published: May 2023

Depression is known as a non-cognitive disturbance that can be seen among different people all over the world. This pertains to disorders that have affected cognitions and behaviors that arise from overt disorders in cerebral function. It is more common for young adults to elderly people based on lifestyles, work pressure, personal problems, diseases, people who had strokes or hemorrhages, certain brain diseases, and paralysis. This paper is focused on reviewing the research papers previously done on detecting depression. Utilizing predefined search systems, we have gone through a couple of studies zeroing in on gloom and involved conversational information for location and conclusion. The objective of this research is to review large research studies on whether conversational agents can detect and diagnose depression by using smart texting analysis. The study was done by searching IEEE Xplore, Sci-hub, Doi, Scopus, and Pubmed using a predefined search strategy. This review was focused on studies that include the possibilities and steps of detecting depression and diagnosis that involved conversational data or analysis agents after assessing them by independent reviewers and relevancy for eligibility. After retrieving more than 117 references initially it was narrowed down to 95 references that were found relevant as most of them applied analytical techniques and technology-based solutions. Detecting depression and diagnosing it through smart texting analysis is a broad and emerging field and has a promising future but not every research studies were robust enough to get valid results in the end. This study aimed to keep the review as precise and informative as possible.
Sentiment Analysis and Text Classification for Depression Detection
Authors: Joharee Iffah Nadhirah , Nik Hashim Nik Nur Wahidah , Mohd Shah Nur Syahirah
Published: May 2023

Depression is an illness that can harm someone's life. However, many people still do not know that they are having depression and tend to express their feelings through text or social media. Thus, text-based depression detection could help in identifying the early detection of the illness. Therefore, the research aims to build a depression detection that can identify possible depression cues based on Bahasa Malaysia text. The data, in the form of text, has been collected from depressed and healthy people via a google form. There are three questions asked which are “Apakah kenangan manis yang anda ingat?”, “Apakah rutin harian anda?” and “Apakah keadaan yang membuatkan anda stress?” which obtained 172, 169 and 170 responses for each question respectively. All the datasets are stored in a CSV file. Using Python, TF-IDF was extracted as the feature and pipeline into several classifier models such as Random Forest, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, and Logistic Regression. The results were presented using the classification metrics of confusion matrix, accuracy, and F1-score. Also, another method has been conducted using the text sentiment techniques Vader and Text Blob onto the datasets to identify whether depressive text falls under negative sentiment or vice versa. The percentage differences were determined between the actual sentiment compared to Vader and Text Blob sentiment. From the experiment, the highest score is achieved by AdaBoost Classifier with a 0.66-F1 score. The best model is chosen to be utilized in the Graphical User Interface (GUI).
Design of Smart Shoes for Blind People
Authors: Mohd Razin Muhammad Aiman , Husman Muhammad Afif , Toha Siti Fauziah , Ibrahim Aisyah
Published: May 2023

Our daily lives depend heavily on our eyes. Eyesight is our most valuable gift, enabling us to see the world around us. However, some people suffer from visual impairments that hinder their ability to visualize such things. As a result, such people will experience difficulties moving comfortably in public places. One crucial aspect of mobile accessibility is detecting elevation changes. These include changes in the height of the ground or a floor, such as stairs, curbing, and potholes. They are common in both indoor and outdoor environments. People who are blind or visually impaired must detect these changes and assess their distance and extent to navigate them safely and effectively. Depth perception is essential to doing so and can be challenging for those with visual impairments. Therefore, this research aims to design a smart shoe that assists in climbing up and down the stairs using an IMU sensor to detect the user's movement. Before constructing a controller, the system is modelled using mathematical and physical modelling. Mathematical modelling is derived based on the mobility of people with visual impairment. The smart shoes are modelled in a 3D virtual world using the SolidWorks software. In addition, the shoe integrates with ultrasonic sensors whenever it detects any obstacles or barriers; they alert the users via vibration. This resulted in the intelligent shoes unlocking the heels whenever the low or high elevation was detected and vibrating if there was an obstacle. With the help of this device, the confidence level of people with visual impairment to walk independently will be improved.
FEMINICÍDIO
Authors: Scheibler Luciano Luis , Guedes Tiago Vargas , Machado Maike Stredr Ferreira , Moraes Luis Eduardo Machado , Schwertz Fabio Lopes , Silveira Lucas Peixoto da
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem como objeto de estudo o crime de morte contra a mulher (feminicídio). Tal crime foi introduzido no Código Penal Brasileiro pela lei 13.104/2015. Antes da referida lei, não havia nenhuma punição especial para os atos de violência que resultavam na morte da mulher por razões de gênero. O crime de morte contra a mulher era punido de forma genérica, como sendo o homicídio que está previsto no artigo 121 do Código Penal Brasileiro. O objetivo deste artigo é ampliar o conhecimento em relação a este tema e estabelecer um debate a respeito desse crime com altos índices de ocorrência. A justificativa para a escolha do tema em questão reside na importância de aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre o assunto por meio de pesquisa e exposição de ideias. Para tanto, adentrando aos procedimentos metodológicos, no que se refere à abordagem, trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa. O tipo de pesquisa é a bibliográfica e o método utilizado é o dedutivo.
A SUPERLOTAÇÃO PRISIONAL NO BRASIL COMO ATAQUE AOS DIREITOS E GARANTIAS DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Scheibler Luciano Luis , Guedes Tiago Vargas , Machado Maike Stredr Ferreira , Moraes Luis Eduardo Machado , Schwertz Fabio Lopes , Silveira Lucas Peixoto da
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a superlotação do Sistema Penitenciário Brasileiro, buscando demonstrar os imensos ataques a dignidade e aos direitos humanos, tanto das pessoas, quanto de seus familiares, funcionários do sistema e sociedade em geral. Com isso, através de exposição de dados, objetiva-se provocar uma reflexão por parte do leitor quanto a real situação em que aos cidadãos estão enfrentando no cárcere. Como base de estudo para este trabalho, utilizou-se da legislação com referência ao assunto, a exemplo da Constituição Federal de 1988 e Lei de Execução Penal do Brasil, bem como, pesquisas bibliográficas que abordam o tema, livros, publicações em artigos de revistas, sites e outros.
Effectiveness of Homoeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Chronic Urticaria
Authors: Gupta Niharika
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic urticaria is occurrence of wheals more than twice a week for a period of six weeks or longer. It is a vascular reaction of the skin characterised by the appearance of wheals, which are elevated whitish reddish plaques, generally surrounded by a red halo and associated with severe itching, stinging or burning sensations. Generally the lesions increase in frequency after adolescence, with highest incidence in persons in 3rd decade of their lives. Non- sedating anti-H1 antihistamines are the mainstay of treatment; when ineffective higher dosages are tried, though all are associated with a lot of side effects ranging from arrhythmias to osteoporosis when used for a long period.

Objectives: The aims and objectives of the present study were to understand the clinical presentation of CU and to assess the effects of constitutional homoeopathic remedies in the treatment of chronic urticaria based on the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS), and to study their effects on the quality of life of the patients before and after treatment, using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).

Materials and Methods: It was a prospective non-randomised uncontrolled observational study; sample size was 30; case taking of all the patients was done based on standard case taking proforma, consent was taken from each patient,a questionnaire of 22 points was used to elicit significant aspects of the nature of urticaria, all the patients were prescribed medicines depending on individual case; follow-up was done every 30 days from first prescription. At each visit, scoring of clinical symptoms was done with the help of UAS. Prognosis was made by comparing the different scores at each visit. Lastly, quality of life assessment was done before and after treatment using DLQI.

Results: According to severity based on the Urticaria Activity Score, before treatment 10% patients were in mild category, 60% patients in moderate category and 30% in severe category. After treatment, 63.33% patients were in mild category and 36.67% in moderate category. The t-value was 10.56(p=0.001) for UAS. Based on DLQI, 6.67% were in large effect group, 63.33% in moderate effect group, 26.67% in small effect group and 3.33% in no effect group.

KEYWORDS: Chronic Urticaria, Homoeopathic treatment, Urticaria Activity Score (UAS), Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI)

Conflict of interest: None
The effect of pollution by gravel cruches dust in the city of sebha,libya on the germination and growth of beans of phaseolus vulgaris and vigna unguiculata plants
Authors: فاطمة محمد عبدالله وعبدالسلام محمد المثناني
Published: May 2023

Pollution has  heavy impact on countries ' economies, through its impact on crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pollution by breakers gravel dust  (city of Sebha-Libya) on germination and growth of seedlings of beans Phaseolus vulgaris and Cowpea  Vigna unguiculata. Where the field poll found that the number of crushers in the city reached 12 crusher scattered randomly around the city, there are relatively found at high sites when compared to agricultural land in the area, causing environmental problems on agricultural ecosystems of dust from these quarries. Accumulated dust was collected from the nearest crusher to the agricultural area south of the city, and various concentrations was prepared in the laboratory from this dust ( 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 grams/liter), and its impact was assessed  on seed germination and seedling growth in an experiment conducted in Petri dishes in laboratories of Faculty of science, University of Sebha. And it turns out that crushers dust has a significant negative impact on seed germination and growth of seedlings of both plant under study .
The Effects of Pits Size and Shape on Fatigue Crack Initiation
Authors: Gnefid Salah , Akid Robert
Published: May 2023

Generate and monitor the growth of corrosion pits on the surface of 316L stainless steel using the scanning droplet cell technique and assess the effects of varies factors such as pits size, pits shape, flow rate, and applied stress on pit initiation and growth. Configure of a test system to measure the pit and short fatigue crack growth behaviour, to investigate each stage of the corrosion fatigue damage process occurring at the material surface and compare this with the modified film surface using alternating voltage passivation process (AVPP). Understand the effects of corrosion on cracking behaviour during the different stages of fatigue crack growth.
Effect of binary blended of Portland cement and fly ash to the Strength and Surface Absorption of Concrete
Authors: Darwesh Omar , Elbasir Otman M.M. , Bin Miskeen Manssour
Published: May 2023

The main objective of this paper is to determine the  effect of fly ash on the workability, compressive strength , and initial surface absorption test of cement concrete using Portland cement and  fly ash as partial replacements for Portland cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% , 20% and 25%  for a water-cement ratios(0.38) , the cement  concretes have higher initial surface absorption values than Portland cement and  fly ash concrete at 28 days and the disparity reduced due to improved pozzolanic reactivity of the supplementary cements with increasing curing age. However, Portland cement and  fly ash concrete  performed better than Portland cement concrete due to their higher fineness, improved particle packing and higher pozzolanic reactivity. The results showed that the compressive strength of 25% fly ash replacement resulted in concrete with a 28-day maximum strength of 48.25 MPa. and the result showed sample which contained Fly ash has less initial surface absorption and it’s also showed that the concrete containing 5%,10% and 15%  of fly ash had less initial surface absorption than other cubes 20% and 25% fly ash.