bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Score in the Performer’s Hands
Authors: Morabito Fabio
Published: May 2018

This paper focuses on the chamber concerts led by the violinist Pierre Baillot in 1820s Paris, exploring how performers understood their role and creative agency in bringing the score to life. The archival evidence connected with the activities of Baillot’s ensemble includes an extensive library of sheet music that the players annotated in pencil. I discuss the methodological feasibility and aims of putting these traces of the act of performance under academic scrutiny.
Cloud Computing Implementation with Docker Engine Swarm Mode for Data Availability Infrastructure of Rice Plants
Authors: Juwita Oktalia , Firmansyah Diksy Media
Published: May 2018

Data of rice plant is important in Indonesia because rice is the staple food for Indonesian people. Rice plant data can be formatted into web service, so anyone can access the information from anywhere by using internet. But, high numbers of request are the problem for web server apps. One of the solution is by distributing request into some server. In this paper, we will compare failed request and time per request in conventional server and clustered server with docker swarm. Server apps in clustered server shows lower value of failed request than conventional server in our experiment. With two containers, number of failed request obtain 0.78% lower than conventional server in 25.000 requests, and 0.69% lower than conventional server in 50.000 requests.
Miti e metamorfosi
Authors: Saibene Maria Grazia
Published: May 2018

The reworking of Ovid’sMetamorphosesby Albrecht von Halberstadt, dating back to the end of the twelfth century, survives only in few Fragments. In this essay, I will analyse Fragment B, which contains tales from Book XI of theMetamorphoses, in order to assess Albrecht’s rewriting techniques, and his simplification of both matter and style. Indeed, Albrecht employs the middle style, while his Latin source was written in a rhetorical and elevated style. Albrecht’s Fragments will be compared with the Ovidian source and with theEneitof Heinrich von Veldeke, highlighting the features shared by the two rewritings of classical texts, which were both commissioned by the Landgrave Hermann of Thuringia.
Syariah Governance Pada Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Purnomo Joko Hadi
Published: May 2018

Shariah governance is concatenation of two concepts, these are the concept of good corporate governance and shariah compliance. The governance of banks applies the principle of transparency, accountability, responsibility, professionalism and fairness whereas shariah compliance is the duty of Islamic bank to meet compliance with Islamic principles. The operation of Islamic banks must strictly adhere to the provisions of shariah. The application of shariah governance is the implementation of good corporate governance principles and shariah compliance. The implementation of shariah governance in Islamic banks relies on surveillance covering all research activities, observation and measurement on the course of operations, both internally and externally. Based on the above background, author makes formulations of the problem; (a) how is the implementation of Shariah governance in Islamic bank?; (b) How is the supervision of the application of Shariah governance in Islamic bank?.  The purpose of this paper is to know the implementation of Shariah governance in Islamic banks and to know the supervision of the implementation of Shari'a governance in Islamic bank. The implementation of GCG in Islamic banking creates transparency to prevent fraud, conduct accountability with the system that controls the relationship between the organs of company, do responsibility, keep independence, and keep in touch with fairness. The application of sharia compliance at Islamic banks without riba in bank transactions, no vagueness (gharar) in bank transactions, there is no gambling (maisir) in bank transactions. Bank conducts business on the basis of allowed (halal) profits. Banks manage zakat, sadaqah, and infaq according to the shariah provisions. The implementation of sharia governance in Islamic banks relies on surveillance covering all research activities, observation and measurement on the course of the operation by using elements of the AGM, Board of Commissioner, Board of Auditor, Shariah Supervisory Board (DPS), Director of Compliance, Internal Audit, Internal Shari'a Reviewers of SKAI and external monitoring system consists of elements of the Financial Services Authority (OJK), Public Accountant, National Sharia Council (DSN) and Stakeholders.
Peran Badan Wakaf Indonesia (BWI) Dalam Mengembangkan Prospek Wakaf Uang Di Indonesia
Authors: Aziz Muhammad
Published: May 2018

Since established in 2007, Indonesian waqf Board (BWI) which is based upon the mandate of Law No. 41 of 2004 on waqf has had a significant role in the dynamics of waqf management in Indonesia. However, a significant role still has not been completed. The problems of waqf in Indonesia still exist, especially with regard to waqf money (cash waqf). The study is to answer question; how is the role of Indonesian Waqf Board and any effort which should be done, so that the potential of existing cash waqf in Indonesia can grow and develop. From this research, it can be concluded that the role of Indonesian Waqf Board in developing prospects in Indonesia is less maximal. Waqf money can not be mapped on the following things; First, professional nazhir coaching, particularly against individuals or legal entities who are given authority and responsibility as nazhir of money waqf. To improve the quality of human nazhir resources, it can be needed policies that are tentative, or even a steady, so that taste and look for nazhir usefulness. Second, involving strategic business partners engaged in financial services (especially sharia-based), such as banks, cooperatives, Baitul Maal wal Tamwil (BMT) and the like, in the process of promotion and dissemination of money waqf that is being developed by BWI.  All that prospects and public confidence in the waqf money at BWI can flourish.
TINJAUAN LITERASI KEUANGAN BAGI SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN MADURA: STUDI KASUS PONDOK PESANTREN SYAICHONA KHOLIL KABUPATEN BANGKALAN
Authors: Qomaro Galuh Widitya , Septiana Aldila
Published: May 2018

Need priority scale arrangement is done to avoid the behavior of irrational consumption. It also must pay attention to the financial capabilities to avoid greater expenditure than income. Therefore, to make the right economic decisions in consuming and avoid luxurious lifestyle, it is necessary for us understanding financial literacy. Financial Literacy is knowledge to manage finance. One of the intelligences that must be possessed by modern men is financial intelligence, namely the intelligence in managing personal assets, especially in managing personal financial assets. The object of research in this paper is students at traditional Muslim School at traditional Muslim at school of Syaichona Kholil Bangkalan District, where students at traditional Muslim School are students who live far apart from parents equipped with knowledge in managing finances and allowance. Are the students at traditional Muslim School able to coordinate his finances in traditional Muslim School? Based on the result of the research, it can be described as follows: the concept of someone's financial literacy can be seen from the his/her cognitive process or knowledge which he has in managing finance, and his/her attitudes toward personal finance that will affect his financial behavior or decision in managing finance. From the existing theory, it is adapted based on basic knowledge as well as financial attitudes for teenagers with age of 13-18 years. A review of financial literacy for students at traditional Muslim School of  Syaichona Kholil Bangkalan District is appraised by simplicity and mutual sharing among fellow who is able to maintain an individual life as a social creature in the environmental diversity of the community. This sense of solidarity and kinship is needed to bring students at traditional Muslim School into real life after they no longer live in traditional Muslim School of Syaichona Kholil Bangkalan Regency
PEMBERDAYAAN WAKAF UANG SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Subhan ZA Moh. Ah.
Published: May 2018

Waqf is a form of worship that has a high sense of solidarity towards human beings. Its existence has greatly helped the development of proselytizing in Islamic countries. But, in the implementation of the waqf is limited only in the construction of worship and education places. This is because the understanding of most people who say that waqf can only be done with immovable property such as land. Whereas on the other hand, there are other ways of waqf that has far more great benefit than immovable object, that is waqf of money. The waqf of money is a strategic step to improve the welfare of the community by investing in Islamic financial institutions with the principle of profit sharing (mudharabah and musyarakah), rent (Ijarah), murabahah or by opening a business. The results of the management of money waqf are then used for social purposes such as to improve Islamic education, Islamic hospital construction, assistance of economic empowerment of the community as well as the aid of religious facilities and infrastructure. After understanding the great potential of the money waqf, it is necessary for us to do. First, we must change the understanding of the waqf conception that has been believed by the Indonesia community up till now that waqf is limited to the immovable endowments. Second, the socialization on existence of waqf money along with its concept to society is has to be done. Third, the certificate of money waqf should not be with a large nominal value. There should be at least a fraction of 20,000, 10,000 or even 5000, so that community participating in this money of waqf becomes more. Fourth, the benefits of productive endeavor of the waqf fund should be immediately channeled to the eligible community as it relates to the belief of waqif and so that the community knows about the benefits of the money waqf soon. Fifth, the disbursement of profit to the poor should not only be money, but also a business that can elevate their economy. Sixth, management of money waqf should not only be in sharia financial institutions, but also in the community such as mosques, madrasah or non-governmental organizations. In this way, it will facilitate the scope of the community and can increase the amount of community participation in waqf.
MENELISIK HUKUM JUAL BELI KREDIT MELALUI KAJIAN TAFSIR AL-QURAN
Authors: Ulum Khozainul
Published: May 2018

In fulfilling the needs, human beings tend to do various ways and always looking for ease. In the context of the fulfillment of economic needs, for example, not everyone can get easy access to be able to get the needs. The purchasing power of each person always refers to the stability of the amount of income earned every day or every month. Therefore, it is not surprising that payment system in transaction of buying and selling that try to make easy for consumer to get what is wanted, that is credit payment. In Islam, payments in credit transactions are known as nasīah. This paper will trace the arguments of the Quran that are related to the payment of sale and purchase on credit.  From the Quranic interpretation of sura al-Baqarah verse 282 and 283 above with respect to the transaction on credit, it can be summarized as follows. First, the transaction on credit in Islam is not forbidden and not makruh. In other words, it is allowed even though the price of goods sold in credit is more expensive than the price in cash. Second, in a transaction on credit, it is ordered to make record and witness to the requierments and conditions of the transaction. The purpose of these records and testimony is to safeguard the rights of each transactor and to avoid disputes in the future. In this case, ulama have difference on the form of such recording and testimonies. One side believes that the order is obligatory (wajib), and the other side thinks it sunnah. According to me, after seeing the purpose of record and testimony of the above transactions, the record and testimony in the transaction is wajib.Third, transaction made in cash (yadan bi yadin), according to the author, is also required to record and testimony. This is a form of caution, because at the moment there are many disputes in transactions that arise in the community, even though they have done the recording and testimony. Fourth, note of treaty and the receipts included in each transaction at the present have an important meaning to safeguard the rights and obligations of each party conducting the transaction. Moreover, note of treaty and receipt are a valid and concrete evidence explaining the truth of the transaction.
DEVELOPING THE QUALITY OF ISLAMIC CORPORATE CULTURE ON ISLAMIC BANK IN INDONESIA
Authors: Fasa Muhammad Iqbal
Published: May 2018

Financial institutions and contemporary business today have been transformed into a sharia-based financial institution and business. However, this change of a new transformation is done systemically by system and not implemented by culture. Thus, despite the growth of Islamic bank is so high, polemics is increasingly unsettled. Based on this, the necessary of transformation of corporate culture has to change based on Islamic values to create sustainable development and competitive advantage. This paper attempts to offer relevant ideas based on Islamic corporate culture. At the end of this paper, the author offers the characteristics of Islamic corporate culture, corporate culture in Islamic bank in Indonesia, and the development of quality of Islamic corporate culture on Islamic bank in Indonesia. This paper concludes that Islamic corporate culture has a major role in increasing employee motivation, employee work ethic, job satisfaction, employee's prestigious behavior and employee performance. Thus, it is important for Islamic banks to develop the quality of corporate culture based on Islamic values.
RELEVANSI PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI MUHAMMAD BAQIR ASH-SADR
Authors: Kambali Muhammad
Published: May 2018

The failure of the capitalist system in realizing just welfare becomes a necessity for mankind to deconstruct the economy of capitalism into a just and civic economic system which in this case of course Islamic economics deserves to be considered as one alternative in realizing human prosperity. As one of today’s contemporary muslim economists, Baqir Sadr’s ideas are increasingly finding relevance to the current global economic situation. This article examines the thoughts of Baqir Sadr in the book Iqtishaduna (our Economic) by using the approach of library research. The results of this study include. First The idea that capitalism is a system that is solely oriented to the accumulation of capital and ignore the values ​​outside the economic motive. The two important meanings of the State’s role in economics at Baqir Sadr’s foundation can be found in the notion of a conventional economist, one of which is former US Federal Reserve governor Alan Gleenspan, which highlights the importance of state involvement in economic activities as in the case of the Subprime Mortgage financial crisis. The three ideas of wealth distribution that require the circulation of property in both local and transnational domains become very relevant to see the imbalances that occur in the world today as the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) said as many as 20% of the rich in the world are enjoying 86% of world wealth, while 80% of the world's poor enjoy only 14% of the world's wealth.
DILEMA WAKAF TIMUR KURAN PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH
Authors: Aprilianto Dwi
Published: May 2018

Waqf is an established institution in Islamic religion, and belongs to the category of community worship whose position is very important as capital and means in achieving the welfare of the people. However, in practice there have been many deviations from the origin of the purpose of waqf. Therefore, a new orientation on waqf is needed, so that waqf can contribute effectively to the welfare of the people. It must meet four factors including, legal certainty status, right and proper pledge of waqf, effective management of waqf. The importance of waqf development certainly has implications on how the management of waqf in providing utilization for the community. Waqf management is required to be professional, trustworthy, transparant, and accountable. This article explains the criticism of Timur Kuran’s dilemma about the waqf system which is a lot of deviation from the goal of essensial waqf.  Therefore, a new orientation on waqf is required, so that waqf can contribute effectively to the welfare of the people. But in the other hand, Kuran does not offer concrete solutions or create a theory about the norms of Islamic economic activity to replace or revise the norms put forward by Islamic economists. To be a criticism of the dilemma, this article also sees from the side of maqa>s}id al-shari>’ah in waqf also oriented to the present interest for the achievement of development social-oriented productive property, and the result will also be felt together by mas}lah}ah ‘a>mmah community. Kuran based his view of the unbelievable sources of the orientalists. As Kuran believes, Islamic economics is a fundamentalistist doctrine, rigid, rigid and only excavated from traditional Islamic sources.
PENERAPAN MAQASID AL-SHARI‘AH PADA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Fageh Achmad
Published: May 2018

Islamic finance made its first appearance in the 1970s. Since its inception, Islamic finance has made phenomenal progress and progressed beyond its traditional market into a global phenomenon. The recent global financial crisis has also brought Islamic finance into navel attention. Regardless of the minimal impact accused on Islamic finance, the crisis offers an opportunity for introspection and evaluation. It is inevitable to determine whether it can be a viable alternative to conventional systems in global financial markets. Therefore, Islamic financial institutions must ensure that all transactions are in accordance with sharia, not only in the form and technical law, but more importantly, in their economic substance, which should be based on the objectives outlined by the sharia, also known as maqa>s}id al-shari>’ah. This article aims at examining the concept of maqa>s}id al-shari>’ah  of Islamic jurisprudence in order to appreciate its contribution toward more comprehensive, rational and realistic answers to contemporary financial issues and thereby to increase the awareness of the maqasid approach in structuring and developing Islamic finance products. For this purpose, the author examine the literal and conceptual meaning of maqa>s}id al-shari>’ah  and scrutinise its position in Islamic law. They also highlight the essential elements of maqasid al-shari'ah and explain how this approach may contribute to better solutions for various Islamic finance issues and challenge. Islamic finance as an institution based on the ethical and moral framework of Islamic law assumes a distinctive role in society. Furthermore, the maqa>s}id al-shari>’ah framework also implies that. The characteristics of Islamic finance institutions are shaped by higher Islamic legal objectives that emphasize overall social and economic goodness rather than infectious greed and infectious individualism. Productive benefits are commendable as long as they are in accordance with the principles of justice as determined in the sharia.
PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM IMA<M AL-GHAZA<LI TENTANG UANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAS{LAH{AH MURSALAH
Authors: Aini Huril
Published: May 2018

Economic activity is defined as inseparable thing in life. The process that occurs in terms of exchange with a particular agreement creates a system which we then call the economic transactions. The transaction is nothing but an attempt to make ends meet. In this case, the government will supervise the activities. Individual actions in the economy in particular and action in general, depends on the mind and worldview of the individual. Therefore, Islam as a universal religion has regulated and provided the right pattern of action in life, socially, culturally and economically. The writing will try to answer the question: how the Islamic economic thought of Ima>m al-Ghaza>li on money in the context of mas}lah}ah mursalah. The research is literature research, which examines the sources of books, books, scientific journals, articles and other forms of material or commonly related to the discussion of this paper. The data have been collected from many sources, analyzed using content analysis method, namely research technique to make replicable inference and valid data with respect to context. The description is presented in descriptive or narrative form the data already collected is analyzed in accordance with historical events or facts, especially the detailed description of the activity, attitude, behavior and position of Ima>m al-Ghaza>li in historical events. In addition, data analysis is presented in an inductive form on data already collected or evidence analyzed, compiled or abstracted based on existing sources (primary data and secondary data). The results showed that to build a good economy and smoothly should be able to run economic activities based on Islamic law by implementing the concept of mas}lah}ah mursalah, including in managing finances well according to the needs of the community and conduct muamalah activities in accordance with the existing ethics. Islamic economy according to Ima>m al-Ghaza>li in its achievement must promote the public good. It implements the concept of mas}lah}ah mursalah with the maintenance of the five basic objectives (maqa>s}id shari>’ah). While in carrying out economic activities, the government must intervene, especially when there are problems in the community. Economic goals should not be concerned only one side of life, but must be balanced between the world and the hereafter.
Nota editorial vol. 48 (1). 2018
Authors: González-Sanmamed Mercedes
Published: May 2018

Supone para mí una gran satisfacción académica y personal prologar y coordinar, junto con el equipo de dirección de la revista, este número 48 (1), número monográfico sobre Educación Superior, de Publicaciones, revista oficial de la Facultad de Educación y Humanidades de Melilla (Universidad de Granada). La planificación con la que se ha abordado la distribución de los 12 artículos que componen este número guarda relación con una estructura tripartita que recoge algunas de las principales líneas-fuerza que actualmente vertebran la educación superior: Competencias de enseñanza-aprendizaje en educación superior; Claves y contextos psicológicos de los estudiantes de educación superior; y Experiencias internacionales en educación superior (ver figura 1). Desde una perspectiva amplia, los tres bloques enumerados van trazando un recorrido por diferentes aspectos y dimensiones de análisis, tanto teóricos como empíricos, relevantes para entender hoy el cambiante y complejo fenómeno de la educación superior, contextualizando su escenario desde las miradas complementarias de la educación, la pedagogía, la psicología y otras ciencias sociales asociadas al ámbito psicopedagógico, tanto en el espacio español de educación superior como en el contexto extranjero europeo, latinoamericano y asiático. Este número 48 (1) incorpora por primera vez en la revista Publicaciones el uso del chino mandarín en uno de sus artículos (con traducción al español), lo que, considerando que este idioma es el más hablado actualmente en el mundo y que China representa una gigantesca plataforma territorial de consumo y divulgación científicos, da un valor añadido a la expectativa de difusión y citas que el número espera encontrar en un futuro cercano.
En la huella de Changó se reescribe la historia: representación y relectura en la narrativa latinoamericana contemporánea
Authors: Dos santos Daiana Nascimento
Published: May 2018

Alentando un acercamiento entre historia y literatura, se propone aquí un lugar epistemológico que contribuya a ampliar la comprensión sobre el sujeto afro-descendiente de nuestra región en tanto resultado de la relación triangular Europa/América/África. Para ello se enfrenta el análi- sis categorial de Changó, el Gran Putas, novela donde se hace visible la representación del sujeto afro-descendiente. El texto se articula sobre la  base de dos hipótesis: que esta novela ofrece una lectura apropiada de los elementos constitutivos e identitarios del colectivo social a que per- tenece el personaje principal y que al trascender el conocimiento de su pasado, otorga una nueva comprensión y protagonismo de su historia.
Observaciones de palabras aimaras, quechuas y puquinas en el Diccionario a de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española de la 23. edición, 2014
Authors: Baldoceda Espinoza Ana
Published: May 2018

En el presente artículo hemos seleccionado una muestra del Diccionario de la lengua española (DLE) de la Real Academia Española (RAE), 23a. edición, 2014, palabras de origen aimara, quechua y puquina que son de uso peruano y motivo de análisis. En el examen de dichos elementos léxicos se consideran observaciones referidas a: a) Lema; b) Artículo léxico; c) Étimo; d) Transcripción fonológica; e) Glosa; f) Marca de nivel de uso; g) Marca diatópica; h) Marca de vigencia de uso; i) Significado; j) Lexemas de origen nativo no registrados en el DLE 2014.
More Eggs, Less Sugar: A Sneak Peek into the Latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans
Authors: Zimmerman Darlene
Published: May 2018

The 2015 – 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans provides guidance for choosing a healthy diet. There is a focus on preventing and alleviating the effects of diet-related chronic diseases. These include obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and stroke, among others. This article briefly reviews the primary guideline items that can be used to teach patients with respect to improving their diet. Clinical exercise physiologists who work with patients with chronic disease can use these guidelines for general discussions regarding a heart-healthy diet.
Orientalisme Vs Oksidentalisme: Benturan dan Dialogisme Budaya Global
Authors: Rohanda Rohanda , Nurrachman Dian
Published: May 2018

Imperialism and colonialism have spawned research centers that examine the parts of the world that they control. Through these centers, orientalists work to discuss, write, produce and perform the Eastern world on the stage of Western culture. Authenticity, exoticism and grandeur of the East are dismantled, stripped down, doubted and elusive. Through orientalist goggles, the East is produced as a "hybrid" form; no more pure and original East. East is used as a storage or projection of their own unfamiliar (read: the West) aspects, such as crime, moral decadence, and so on. On the other hand, the East is seen as a dazzling world of exotic and full of mystical seductions. Meanwhile, unlike the orientalism that was originally intended as a serious study of the cultures to legitimize Western colonial powers in the Eastern world, occidentalism is precisely born from the methodological problems of orientalism which is said to be objective. Whereas behind the objectivity is stored Western interests to dominate, rearrange, and control the East. Orientalism has sparked nativist intellectuals to question the validity of orientalist works in constructing Eastern stereotypes. It cannot be denied then that these two discourses - Orientalism and Occidentalism - are in a position between the clashes and the global cultural dialogue.Keywords: Orientalism, oxidentalism, imperialism, colonialism, conf­­lict, dialogue Imperialisme dan kolonialisme telah melahirkan pusat-pusat studi dan kajian yang menelaah belahan dunia yang dikuasainya. Melalui pusat-pusat kajian inilah, para orientalis bekerja untuk memperbincangkan, menulis, memproduksi dan mempertunjukkan dunia Timur di atas panggung kebudayaan Barat. Keaslian, keeksotisan dan keagungan Timur dibongkar, dipreteli, diragukan dan dibuat samar-samar. Melalui kacamata orientalis, Timur diproduksi sebagai suatu bentuk “hibrida”; tidak ada lagi Timur yang murni dan orisinal. Timur dijadikan tempat penyimpanan atau proyeksi dari aspek-aspek mereka sendiri (baca: Barat) yang tidak diakuinya, seperti kejahatan, dekadensi moral, dan lain-lain. Pada sisi lain, Timur dipandang sebagai dunia mempesonakan dari yang eksotis dan penuh dengan rayuan-rayuan mistis. Sementara itu, berbeda halnya dengan orientalisme yang sejak semula dimaksudkan sebagai kajian serius politik-budaya untuk melegitimasi kekuatan-kekuatan kolonial Barat di dunia Timur, oksidentalisme justeru lahir dari problem metodologis orientalisme yang katanya obyektif. Padahal di balik keobyektifan itu tersimpan kepentingan-kepentingan Barat untuk  mendominasi, menata kembali, dan menguasai Timur. Orientalisme telah memicu para intelektual nativis untuk mempertanyakan keabsahan (validitas) karya-karya para orientalis dalam membangun stereotip-stereotip ketimuran. Maka tidak dapat dipungkiri kemudian bahwa dua wacana ini — orientalisme dan oksidentalisme — berada dalam posisi di antara benturan dan dialogisme budaya global.Kata-kata kunci: orientalisme, oksidentalisme, imperialisme, kolo­nialisme, benturan, dialog
The Long Crisis of Irish Realism: A Phenomenological Reading
Authors: Morash Chris , Richards Shaun
Published: May 2018

In an essay titled “On the Theory of Image Consciousness and Figment Consciousness,” Edmund Husserl notes, “The space of the stage with its sets, and so on, analogizes actual space.” The desire to stage a world analogous to “actual space” dominated Irish theatrical practice from the founding of Dublin’s Abbey Theatre in 1904 up to the moment in the late twentieth century when it entered a period of crisis, as the social world it purported to stage became fractured and unstable. This article looks to develop the analysis of Irish theatrical space further by using Husserl’s concept of Lebenswelt, or “lifeworld,” which he defines in The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Philosophy as “the spatiotemporal world of things as we experience them in our pre- and extrascientific life.” The article argues that the physical space of the stage gives concrete, experiential form to Husserl’s concept of the epochē, the “bracketing” by which theatrical space is transformed into place and the temporary lifeworld on the stage is generated. Drawing examples from Irish theatre that range from J.M. Synge’s Riders to the Sea (1904) to Enda Walsh’s Arlington (2016), the article explores the progression from stage worlds that correspond spatially to the extra-theatrical world to stage worlds that challenge the theatre’s ability to hold together a single image capable of functioning as a Lebenswelt.
Goethe and (Um)Weltliteratur: Environment and Power in Goethe’s Literary Worlds
Authors: Peabody Seth
Published: May 2018

Goethe occupies a prominent but conflicted position within recent discussions of global inequalities embedded into the notion of “world literature.” Scholars have also debated Goethe’s environmental thought. Some critics describe him as a progressive environmental thinker, while others paint him as a staunch conservative resistant to changing views of nature. The present study claims that merging these two fields yields a better understanding of both political power and environmental change in Goethe’s writings. Drawing on theories of world literature, postcolonial studies, and environmental humanities, the present essay argues that Goethe’s texts display ambivalence with regards to both political power and environmental change. The argument is developed, in dialogue with past environmental interpretations of Goethe’s work, through an analysis of Die Wahlverwandtschaften. The essay proposes that Die Wahlverwandtschaften can serve as a key text for understanding the tensions in Goethe’s relations to environment, world literature, and political power.
Introduction
Authors: Kinna Ruth
Published: May 2018

Peter Kropotkin has an unenviable reputation for being one of the foremost anarchist thinkers of the nineteenth century. Keeping company with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, famous for adopting the epithet ‘anarchist’ to describe his political views and Mikhail Bakunin, Marx’s fiercest foe, he is also often said to be the most accessible anarchist. There are a number of reasons for this: he left a substantial body of work that gives a good account of his conception of anarchism; he published a substantial part of this work in English; and perhaps above all, he took a leading role in the propagation of anarchist ideas and exercised a profound influence on nineteenth-and twentieth-century activist movements. Pre-eminence in a political tradition is not typically disadvantageous to an individual, except where the tradition itself is outlawed. Kropotkin’s reputation as one of anarchism’s central figures and canonical writers is unenviable nevertheless, not just because his work has attracted sustained attention from critics and protagonists within and outside the anarchist movement, but also because he has assumed a representative status as an anarchist of a particular type. Probably more than any other anarchist, Kropotkin defines classical anarchism....
Introduction to Part 2
Authors: Kinna Ruth
Published: May 2018

Nicholas Walter’s irritation with Wilde’s tribute to Kropotkin stemmed from the symbolism that attached to Kropotkin’s goodness and the purity of his vision. Yet for all its extravagance, Wilde’s phrase is richly suggestive. Woodcock and Avakumović use Wilde’s accolade as a chapter heading, reduced to ‘White Jesus’. Kropotkin’s nobility is trumpeted and the idea of his removal from Russia is subsumed by his virtues. Read differently, Wilde’s handle rightly directs attention to the character of Kropotkin’s politics when he came out of Russia in 1876....
Nihilism
Authors: Kinna Ruth
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines Kropotkin's understanding of nihilism and uses his sympathetic account of the Russian movement to re-consider his approach to science. It shows how Kropotkin approached nihilism in the 1890s as a critic of Nietzscheanism and as an interpreter of Russian literature and uses his warm appreciations of Turgenev and Chernyshevksy to develop the framework for his analysis of the nihilist movement. One of the striking features of Kropotkin's defence of nihilism is his analysis of the feminist currents within the Russian revolutionary movement. While nihilism shaped Kropotkin's approach to science, the example of women's movement moulded his understanding of ethics and the chapter shows how by illustrating the nihilist themes of his essay, 'An Appeal to the Young'.
Mapping the State
Authors: Kinna Ruth
Published: May 2018

This chapter outlines three parallel accounts of the state that Kropotkin developed in the 1870s and 1880s as an anarchist critic of Tsarism. The first was an explanatory account for West European audiences and it described the iniquities of the Tsarist regime, and the social, economic and political problems that Russian revolutionaries were attempting to address. The second was a general anarchist critique that probed ideas of class and slavery and set out the reasons why constitutional solutions being proposed by radicals in Russia and elsewhere would fail to bring about social transformation. The third was an examination of the dynamics of change that drew directly on Kropotkin's understanding of geography. Kropotkin applied this to distinguish between nations and states and to develop ideas of colonisation, monopoly and a politics of anti-statecraft. By looking at the dynamics of the state, Kropotkin also explored the relationship between the state and capitalism and the power relationships of the international system. This analysis led him to identify Germany as the central power in Europe.
Anarchism: Utopian and Scientific
Authors: Kinna Ruth
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines Kropotkin's utopianism and shows how his concern with anarchist organisation reflected his understanding of the role of ideas in advancing revolutionary change and the need to construct alternatives to the state as part of the process of social transformation. It examines Kropotkin's critique of social democracy and his rejection of prevailing Marxist accounts of historical change. It also explores his defence of communism and his account of freedom. It shows why Kropotkin believed that communism was better able to safeguard anarchist principles than rights-based individualist anarchist schemes. The chapter also explores Kropotkin's evolutionary ethics and shows how nihilism was integral to his conception of mutual aid.
Cluster Analysis and Scots Orthography
Authors: Bann Jennifer , Corbett John
Published: May 2018

Given the creative nature of literary texts, there was little pressure on Scots writers to conform to a standard orthography; their goal was rather to draw upon the various resources available to compose a literary text that was intelligible to those readers who were now schooled in the conventions of standard English, and yet which retained features that were identifiably Scots. There were, understandably, numerous ways of achieving this goal, and in the modern period, many literary texts have been produced using Modern Scots orthographies that might at times seem bewilderingly diverse. The modern corpus of literary Scots raises several
questions:
● How consistent are the orthographic practices within the repertoire of particular writers and texts?
● How close or diverse are canonical and other writers in their orthographic practices?
● How might the diverse practices of writers of poetry and prose in Scots serve as a resource for the promotion of Modern Scots literacy?
‘Staunch Loyalty to the Flag that Stands for Union’
Authors: Coleman James J.
Published: May 2018

If the legacy of Mary Queen of Scots was incapable of finding a home within the definition of Scottish nationality, there were some readings of the past that could accommodate her. As noted in the previous chapter, many Scottish Catholics viewed Mary as a Catholic martyr, someone who stood up for the religion of Rome and its Scottish antecedents in the midst of reforming turmoil. Though growing, the Catholic experience was still on the fringes of Scottish nationality, still finding its place in expressing its identity, yet this was not the only national frame within which the Queen could be placed. We encounter a somewhat unusual deployment of Mary in the exploits of the proto-nationalist and ardent neo-Jacobite Theodore Napier when visiting Fotheringay Castle – another focal point for Marian memory – in February 1908.
In the doghouse
Authors: Walker Johnny
Published: May 2018

In Chapter 4, I extend some of the issues surrounding fan filmmakers as discussed in the previous chapter, and deliberate the representation of masculinity and cult film fandom within a series of horror-comedy hybrids. Through acknowledgement of the ways in which cult film fandom has traditionally been gendered as ‘male’, and often as immature, crude and boyish, I draw parallels between recent horror-comedies that use these stereotypes as ironic self-critiques of the filmmakers’ themselves and their desired audience. I ultimately locate these films within discourses surrounding ‘New Lad’ culture of the 1990s, which has similarly been linked to contemporary cult film fandom (Hollows 2003; Read 2003). Through a discussion of themes, industry statistics and textual analysis, I show how films such as Shaun of the Dead, Doghouse and Lesbian Vampire Killers satirise the social marginality of laddish behaviour by placing fannish ‘New Lad’ types within a horror film environment, thus literalising many of the stereotypes that have figured within contemporary academic writing on cult film audiences.
Mind, Body and Embarrassment in Henry James’s The Awkward Age
Authors: Attridge John
Published: May 2018

This chapter considers James’s The Awkward Age (1899) in the context of fin de siècle mental science and its preoccupation, most evident in theories of emotion, with the materiality of the mind. Contributing to recent accounts that challenge the commonplace equation between psychological depth and James’s transition to modernist novel, the chapter argues that The Awkward Age represents mental life – and in particular awkwardness – as public behavior rather than introspection, self-presence and interiority. In a similar fashion to late-Victorian mental scientists (including his brother, William), James was concerned with finding a vocabulary for representing mental life in physical terms, demonstrating the interrelation of mind and body. James’s use of a behavioural rather than expressive vocabulary for embarrassment determines the shape of the novel’s plot and forms part of its critique of a Victorian prudery that presupposes a mind-matter separation.
Logic of the Heart: Affective Ethical Valuing in T. E. Hulme and Max Scheler
Authors: Hadjiyiannis Christos
Published: May 2018

Chapter 3 invites a reconsideration of T.E. Hulme’s apparent anti-emotionalism by emphasising the influence of Max Scheler’s phenomenology on Hulme’s war writing, highlighting the affective response to trench warfare evident in Hulme’s personal correspondence and in the poem, “Trenches: St. Eloi.” This poem, which captures the negative affects aroused by trench warfare, also suggests the necessity of fighting, and is read in the light of Hulme’s account of the revelation of objective ethical values through affective experience in his ‘War Notes’ and ‘A Notebook’. Hulme takes his term for this affective ethics – ‘logique du coeur’ – from Pascal, but his most significant debt is to Scheler, for whom ethical values are both revealed and hierarchised through acts of feeling, a phenomenology echoed in Hulme’s attack of pacifism.
Animating Cane: Race, Affect, History and Jean Toomer
Authors: Taylor Julie
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the Harlem Renaissance writer Jean Toomer’s critical deployment of a racist stereotype that links African American subjectivity to extreme emotional expressiveness. In his 1923 experimental volume Cane, Toomer not only invites readers to question whether such affects “belong” to the subject, but employs these stereotypes to offer an embodied, affective history of American racism. Drawing on Sianne Ngai’s concept of racial “animatedness,” which captures the slippage from vitality and exuberance to a powerless, puppet-like state of innervated, non-intentional agitation, the chapter argues that Toomer uses affective stereotypes to diagnose the powerlessness of his subjects and to narrate a traumatic history in which persons are confused with things.
Bloom-Space of Theory: The Pleasure and the Bliss of Gerty MacDowell
Authors: Dick Maria-Daniella
Published: May 2018

This chapter presents a critique of affect theorists’ attempts to situate the novelty of their discourse in its separation from poststructuralist linguistic philosophies, a separation that takes the character of a disavowal rather than an observation. The chapter interrogates the construction of affect as a form of extra-linguistic excess, arguing that the ‘Nausicaa’ episode of Ulysses allows for a reconsideration of affect as a non-pure or non-originary state in its relation to modernity. Exploring the continuities between Roland Barthes’s elaboration of jouissance and contemporary descriptions of affect, the chapter considers Joyce’s novel as both a text of jouissance (understood by Barthes not as non-linguistic excess but rather as excess borne out of the signifying plurality of the text) and as a less radical text of plaisir, mimetic of affect. Ultimately, Ulysses refuses to separate literal and textual jouissance and posits the processual, unfixed, and material nature of language itself, thus challenging theories in which affect is formulated in opposition to (fixed) semiosis.
Chapter Two
Authors: Backman Rogers Anna
Published: May 2018

By using the Western as a genre ‘in crisis’, Dead Man counteracts the particular version of history it has perpetuated and come to be associated with. In its more traditional form, the Western is a genre that is associated with action, in particular purposive violent action that is rendered meaningful through a narrative context; indeed, a coherent narrative plays a crucial part in justifying the actions of the protagonists as it helps to sustain the particular vision of truth being promulgated within the film. When this logic that enchains generic images together fails or falters, the ‘grand narrative’ that the film upholds is thrown into crisis. Writing with reference to Deleuze’s assessment of the movement-image, Rodowick (2009: 107) notes that ‘these rational connections [between the images] also have an ethical dimension – they are expressive of a will to truth. They express belief in the possibility and coherence of a complete and truthful representation of the world in images.’
Chapter Three
Authors: Backman Rogers Anna
Published: May 2018

Somewhere focuses not only on a life-crisis, but also on an extended liminal moment in a character’s life. Johnny’s life is in suspension; his lack of focus and direction is visualised in the frequent scenes that are set in his car, which often seem to violate continuity of space and direction. In other words, the moments that the main character ‘drives’ forward actually convey circularity and confusion. Indeed, as in Broken Flowers, the notion of ‘making nothing happen’ becomes central to our experience of the film. The film’s presentation of time, space and character is deeply imbricated with Somewhere’s central character as each facet helps to articulate the severity of his apathy and inability to change.
‘The Twilight of Language’: The Young Evelyn Waugh on ‘Catherine’ Mansfield
Authors: Milthorpe Naomi
Published: May 2018

This chapter offers the first account of Katherine Mansfield's literary connections to Evelyn Waugh. It exposes the satiric potential of literary influence through a consideration of Waugh's schoolboy paper ‘The Twilight of Language’ (1921). Milthorpe describes satire as ‘a mode of writing by necessity alive to outside in influence’ and notes the significant intertextual parallels of narrative, theme and technique between Mansfield's ‘Bliss’ (1918) and Waugh's A Handful of Dust (1934), making the case that Waugh’s response to modernism should be interpreted not as rejection, but instead as ‘a destructive misreading that generates a parodic likeness’.
Circles of Influence: Katherine Mansfield, S. S. Koteliansky and Russia
Authors: Kimber Gerri
Published: May 2018

This chapter addresses Katherine Mansfield’s close personal and professional collaboration with the Russian S. S. Koteliansky. It explores the exchange between Bloomsbury modernism and Russian literature by focusing on Koteliansky’s collaborations with Mansfield and others in translating works to make them available to an audience with an appetite for all things Russian. Although the translation process appears to have been an equal collaboration, power registers through Koteliansky’s desire, as an outsider, for acceptance, and the power Bloomsbury had to accept or reject him. Even with Mansfield, with whom he shared a ‘perhaps uncommon friendship’, the exchange was unequal.
‘Worms of the Same Family’: Katherine Mansfield and Elizabeth von Arnim
Authors: Römhild Juliane
Published: May 2018

This chapter traces literary influence Katherine Mansfield and Elizabeth von Arnim, writers who were artistic contemporaries, cousins and friends. It explores the relationship between kinship and literary influence: Elizabeth von Arnim was an early influence on Mansfield, prompted by their close family ties, and von Arnim’s Elizabeth novels clearly influenced Mansfield's In a German Pension (1911). Yet family identification can also threaten personal relationships, particularly when one writer enjoys more success than the other due to the adoption of different artistic ideologies and practices. Familial rivalry can itself, however, work as inspiration, revealed in the correspondence between Mansfield and von Arnim.