bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of the flexural rigidity of endovascular surgical devices using three-point bending tests
Authors: Qiu Michael Y. , Suskin Charles B , Becerra-Garcia Juan J , Roberts Sophia H , Rucker DeVaughn G , Zayed Mohamed A , Osbun Joshua W , Genin Guy M
Published: December 2023

Endovascular surgical procedures require the navigation of catheters and wires through the vasculature to reach distal target sites. Quantitative frameworks for device selection hold the potential to improve the tracking of endovascular devices through vascular anatomy by personalizing the device flexural rigidity to an individual‚Äôs anatomy. However, data are lacking to facilitate this technology, in part because typical endovascular devices have intricate spatial variations in mechanical properties that are challenging and tedious to quantify repeatably. We therefore developed a three-point bend test methodology using a custom rig and applied it to measure lengthwise flexural rigidity profiles of endovascular devices that are used to target the cerebral vasculature. The methodology demonstrated high repeatability and was able to characterize transition zones. We applied the methodology to generate the first comprehensive, quantitative library of device flexural rigidities, spanning guidewires, intermediate guides, and long sheaths. We observed that these three classes of device have properties that fall into distinct ranges. Additional plots examining relationships between flexural rigidity, device diameter, and length revealed application-specific trends in flexural properties. This methodology and the data allow for standardized characterization and comparisons to aid device selection, and have the potential to both enhance surgical planning and inform future innovation.
Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid and childhood allergic diseases: a prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Tang Xiaoyu , Chen Qian , Liu Quanhua , Chen Mengxue , Jin Shengjie , Zhang Jun , Zhang Jianhua , Hua Li
Published: December 2023

Background
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is widely used in daily life, however, research has shown its immune suppression function. Our aim is to investigate the relationship between prenatal exposure to PFOA and allergic diseases in children.
Methods
A prospective birth cohort study involving 648 pregnant women was conducted. Prenatal information was collected by an interview with the women and from medical records. Fetal umbilical cord blood was collected, and concentration of PFOA and genotype of IL-13 rs20541 were detected. Children were followed at 6, 12 and 24 months and information on the development of allergic diseases was recorded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between PFOA and allergic diseases. Stratified analysis was performed based on gender and genotype of IL-13 rs20541.
Results
In multivariate adjusted models, the highest PFOA quartile is associated with odds of atopic dermatitis (AD) (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.09–2.55), wheezing (OR 4.06, 95% CI 1.30-12.68), and allergic diseases (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.15–2.54). Female patients with the highest PFOA quartile have a higher odd of AD (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.20–4.23) and allergic diseases (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.07–3.46). Patients with GG genotype of IL-13 rs20541 and the highest PFOA quartile also have a higher odd of AD (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.41–5.67), wheezing (OR 15.16, 95% CI 1.38-166.59), and allergic diseases (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.27–4.61).
Conclusions
Prenatal exposure to PFOA increases the risk of developing allergic diseases in children, especially for the female patients and those with the genotype of IL-13 rs20541 GG.
C6orf15 promotes liver metastasis via WNT/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Jiankang , Sun Jian , Tang Jingtong , Xu Jiayu , Qian Guanru , Zhou Jianping
Published: December 2023

Background:
Colon cancer ranks third among global tumors and second in cancer-related mortality, prompting an urgent need to explore new therapeutic targets. C6orf15 is a novel gene currently reported only in Sjogren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. We found a close correlation between increased C6orf15 expression and the occurrence of colon cancer. This study aims to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
Method:
RNA-seq differential expression analysis of the TCGA database was performed using the R package 'limma.' The correlation between target genes and survival as well as tumor analysis was analyzed using GEPIA. Utilization of western blot and PCR to assess C6orf15 expression in colorectal cancer tissue samples. Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry for subcellular localization and expression assessment in tissues. Confirmation of C6orf15's role in liver metastasis progression via a mouse spleen infection liver metastasis model. Assessment of C6orf15's association with signaling pathways using GSEA-Hallmark Database. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and western blot were performed to measure related mRNA or protein expression. Evaluation of biological characteristics through Cell Migration&Invasion Assays, MTT Assay, and SeahorseXF96 to monitor fatty acid metabolism.
Results:
C6orf15 was significantly associated with liver metastasis and survival in CRC by
bioinformatics analysis and was further verified by Immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and western blot. Upregulation of C6orf15 in CRC cells can promote nuclear translocation of β-catenin and cause an increase in downstream transcription. This leads to changes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and alterations in fatty acid metabolism, which together promote liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.
Conclusion:
Our study identified C6orf15 as a marker of liver metastasis in CRC. C6orf15 can activate the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote EMT and fatty acid metabolism in colorectal cancer.
Research on the development strategy of rural cultural and tourism integration from the perspective of big data Take Pingwang Town Suzhou as an example
Authors: Fang Zhigou , Liu Cong , Zhang Qian , Jin Chenghao
Published: December 2023

The integration of rural culture and tourism is an important means to prosper the rural economy, inherit rural culture, promote rural transformation and development, and increase farmers' employment and income. Taking Pingwang Town as an example, this paper excavates rural cultural communication texts and tourism experience texts, and analyzes the content, integration quality, integration value and integration popularity of rural culture and tourism by using word frequency analysis, sentiment analysis, semantic network analysis and POI heat analysis, and constructs an evaluation framework for rural cultural tourism integration. Combined with the analysis results of the evaluation framework, optimization strategies are proposed from the aspects of industrial upgrading, regional culture and brand marketing, so as to provide theoretical support for the integrated development of urban and rural areas and the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.
An approach based on clustering for detecting differentially expressed genes in microarray data analysis
Authors: Ando Yuki , Shimokawa Asanao
Published: December 2023

To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), researchers used a testing method for each gene. However, microarray data are often characterized by large dimensionality and a small sample size, which lead to problems such as reduced analytical power and increased number of tests. Therefore, we propose a clustering method. In this method, genes with similar expression patterns are clustered, and tests are conducted for each cluster. This method increased the sample size for each test and reduced the number of tests. In this case, we used a nonparametric permutation test in the proposed method because independence between samples cannot be assumed if there is a relationship between genes. We compared the accuracy of the proposed method with that of conventional methods. In the simulations, each method was applied to the data generated under a positive correlation between genes, and the area under the curve, power, and type-one error were calculated. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional method in all cases under the simulated conditions. We also found that when independence between samples cannot be assumed, the non-parametric permutation test controls the type-one error better than the t test.
Alcohol consumption and the risk of miscarriage: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Authors: Xu Haoyi , Cui Hengfang , Huang Yinhua , Xu Xingwei
Published: December 2023

Background: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the correlation between maternal alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage.
Methods: As of 31 May 2023, studies searched by using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, as well as keywords and MeSH terms. Stata and Review Manager were used for statistical analysis. Individual study estimates were pooled using random effects (if heterogeneity, I2 ≥ 50% and p < 0.05) or fixed effects (if heterogeneity, I2 < 50% and p > 0.05) meta-analysis. Publication bias was evaluated through a funnel plot and Egger's test.
Results: A total of 19 studies were included in this analysis. The pooling analysis demonstrates that alcohol consumption prior to conception is linked to an elevated risk of miscarriage (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.08). Furthermore, alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage (OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.18-1.57). Subgroup analysis reveals that both light (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04-1.09) and moderate (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03-1.08) alcohol intake before pregnancy is linked to an elevated risk of miscarriage. Similarly, light (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.15), moderate (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.07-1.49), and heavy (OR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.21-2.89) alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage.
Conclusions: Our study identified a potential association between alcohol consumption, both before and during pregnancy, and the risk of miscarriage. Accordingly, it is advisable for women preparing for pregnancy to refrain from alcohol consumption.
The protocol of the study was registered in PROSPERO with the identification number CRD42023430749.
Determinants for the need for blood transfusion in trauma patients admitted to the emergency ward: a case-control study
Authors: Golbakhsh Mohammad Reza , Soleimani Mohammad , Gholamshahi Hediye , Shafiei Seyyed Hossein , Fallah Yousef , Ghaseminejad-Raeini Amirhossein
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Trauma is a major cause of death in hospitals around the world according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Massive transfusion (MT) has specific indications in many trauma centers in the United States, but the need for definite criteria and indications for MT remains. In this study, we try to define exact indications of whether and/ when a trauma patient needs PRBCs transfusion, or even how much transfusion may be needed.
Methods:
This study was a retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected data of the trauma patients that have been registered in the National Trauma Registry of Iran (NTRI) from July 2016 to October 2021. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), preexisting cardiovascular problems, endocrine issues, kidney dysfunction. Gastrointestinal diseases, whether or not the patient had multiple trauma, obesity, systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, temperature, Oxygen saturation, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), and injury severity score (ISS) were the principal variables of this study.
Results:
Hypotension, temperature > 37º, hyperpnea, and O2 saturation < 90% were significantly more prevalent among PRBCs receivers. Hypertension, tachycardia, and bradycardia were more prevalent as well, but the difference was not statistically significant. In terms of trauma scores, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8, and both ISS 9–14 and ≥ 15 had more chance of needing PRBCs transfusion which was meaningful, but GCS 14 − 9 didn’t prove significant chances.
Conclusion:
Based on these criteria, we can estimate if a patient will need a blood transfusion and make a PRBC reservation in the blood bank.
The Effect of Education and Positive Social Behaviour on Attitudes to Organ Donation: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: SOYLU Ayşe , SOYLU Dilek
Published: December 2023

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education and positive social behaviour on attitudes to organ donation.
Material and Methods
This analytical interventional study was designed as an observational, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, single-arm, semi-experimental study. A Personal Information Form, the Attitudes to Organ Donation Scale (AODS), and the Online Positive Social Behaviour Scale (OPSBS) were used in the collection of the research data before and after the delivery of education about organ donation.
Results
There was seen to be a statistically significant increase after the education in the AODS attitude (p = 0.048), subjective (p = 0.000), and total (p = 0.007) mean points. There was determined to be a statistically significant relationship between the AODS intention and attitude subscales and the applied and total OPSBS points (p < 0.05). A statistically significant relationship was determined between the perceived behavioural control subscale and AODS total points and all the OPSBS subscales (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Education given on the subject of organ donation and positive social behaviour were determined to have an effect on organ donation. With education given by nurses, a positive attitude to organ donation and the development of social behaviour can be provided, thereby contributing to an increase in the number of donated organs in Turkey.
Freestanding Phosphonium Covalent Organic Frameworks with Efficient Hydroxide Conduction
Authors: Tian Ye , Wang Kaiyu , Yuan Yufei , Chen Huanhuan , Bang Ki-Taek , Tao Ran , Wang Rui , Lan Yaozhong , Kim Yoonseob
Published: December 2023

Owing to their well-defined crystalline pore structures and ordered functional ionic groups along the skeleton, ionic covalent organic frameworks (iCOFs) exhibit excellent performance and have significant potential for use in energy storage and conversion devices. Herein, we for the first time developed cationic phosphonium COFs with high hydroxide conduction even with low ion exchange capacity (IEC). Specifically, COFs containing quaternary phosphoniums groups as excellent ion transport moieties were synthesized. Moreover, we fabricated freestanding phosphonium membranes through a vapor-assisted method, which exhibited high hydroxide conductivity of 126 mS cm–1 at 80°C with a minimal IEC of 1.17 mmol g–1. Overall, in addition to investigating a novel cationic functional group, we demonstrated a freestanding film formation method of COF-based materials. The findings can provide a solid foundation for advancing the field of iCOFs to ion transport and promoting electrochemical applications.
Highly Conductive Imidazolate Covalent Organic Frameworks with Ether Chains as Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yuan Yufei , Bang Ki-Taek , Tian Ye , Gu Muhua , Wang Rui , Tao Ran , Kim Yoonseob
Published: December 2023

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based electrolytes show low Li+ conductivity due to high entanglement of the polymer chains and strong interaction between EO and Li+. However, ionic covalent organic frameworks (iCOFs) with periodical structures provide highly ordered pathways for ion conduction, leading to improved conductivity. Here, we present imidazolate COFs having methoxyethoxy chains, synthesized by Debus–Radziszewski multicomponent reactions. The base COFs were further ionized and treated with LiClO4 salts to be Li+@PI-TMEFB-COFs and to show the high total conductivity of 8.81 mS cm− 1 and single-ion conductive transference number of 0.97. The mechanism for such excellent electrochemical properties is that methoxyethoxy chains dissociate LiClO4, making free Li+, then those Li+ are transported through the imidazolates on the COFs’ pores. The synthesized Li+@PI-TMEFB-COFs show a stable interface and low interfacial impedance with Li metal. Li+@PI-TMEFB-COFs based LiFePO4 batteries show an initial discharge capacity of 119.2 mAh g− 1 at 0.5 C. After 400 cycles, 82.0% capacity and 99.9% Coulombic efficiency were maintained. These results show that ether-functionalized iCOFs via multicomponent reactions can set up a new perspective for making solid electrolytes.
Onchocerciasis in the Cameroon-Chad border area after more than twenty years of annual mass ivermectin distribution
Authors: Ayisi Franklin , de Souza Dziedzom Komi , Tallant Jamie , Biholong Benjamin Didier , Fokam Eric Bertrand , Boakye Daniel Adjei
Published: December 2023

Background: The main vectors of onchocerciasis in Africa are Simulium damnosum sensu lato, which transmit the causative agent Onchocerca volvulus. The force of transmission is driven by the vector density, hence influencing the disease prevalence and intensity. Onchocerciasis is currently targeted for elimination using Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of ivermectin, a potent microfilaricide. MDA in Cameroon began in 1987 in the Vina valley, an endemic cross-border area with Chad, known for high vector densities and pre-control endemicity. Evaluations in 2008-2010 in this area showed ongoing transmission, meanwhile, border areas in Chad were close to interrupting transmission. This study aimed to evaluate transmission in this area after several rounds of MDA since the last evaluation surveys.
Methods: Blackflies were collected by Human Landing Catches at seven border sites in Cameroon, twice a week, from August 2021 to March 2022. A fraction of the flies was dissected for parity assessment and identification of Onchocerca larval stages. The transmission indices were estimated. Blackfly larvae were also collected from the breeding sites at the fly catching sites and identified to species level by cytotaxonomy.
Results: A total of 14,322 female flies were collected and 6,901 were dissected. Of these 4421 (64.1%) were parous. The total biting rates were high, reaching up to 16,407 bites/man, and transmission potential (3rd stage larvae (L3) from head/All L3) were 367/702, 146/506, 51/55, 20/32, 0/3, 0/0, and 0/0 infective larvae/man, respectively, for Mbere-Tchad, Babidan, Hajam/V5, Gor, Djeing, Touoro and Koinderi. Infectivity rates (L3 from head) were 16.00, 12.75, 5.15 and 3.00 infective females (L3H)/1000 parous flies for Haijam, Mbere-Tchad, Babidan and Gor, respectively. These values exceed the WHO thresholds of <20 ATP or <1 infective female/1000 parous females. The major vectors identified were Simulium damnosum sensu stricto, S. squamosum, and for the first time in the area, S. yahense.
Conclusions: More than twenty years of MDA has not eliminated onchocerciasis in the study area; hence this area is a potential source of re-introduction of onchocerciasis in Chad and would require alternative treatment strategies. Many factors such as MDA efficiencies, effectiveness of ivermectin and cytospecies composition may be contributing to transmission persistence.
Deenz Sadism Tendency Assessment Scale: Development and Validation
Authors: Mohd Deen
Published: December 2023

Deenz Sadism Tendency Assessment Scale, a 24-item instrument designed to measure subclinical sadistic traits, underwent rigorous development and testing. Initial pilot testing involved three phases, culminating in a trial on 45 undergraduate students. The scale demonstrated relevance, time efficiency, and accuracy in assessing traits associated with sadism. Subsequent reduction from an initial 65-item version highlighted a significant decrease, emphasizing the scale's refinement. In a broader study involving 120 college students, with 58 male and 62 female participants, and a diverse distribution across gender and academic streams, the Deenz Sadism Tendency Assessment Scale exhibited notable gender differences. Mean scores for male participants demonstrated a mean of 36.57 (SD = 7.81), while female participants exhibited a mean of 16.82 (SD = 6.52). The primary objective of this study was to assess subclinical sadistic traits within the general population using the Deenz Sadism Tendency Assessment Scale. Surprisingly, the scale revealed a gender disparity, with female participants displaying lower tendencies compared to their male counterparts. The findings suggest that, within this sample, females exhibit a more consistent lower level of subclinical sadistic traits. This unexpected observation adds nuance to our understanding of sadism tendencies and underscores the importance of considering gender variations in future studies on subclinical traits within the general population. This subclinical approach, distinct from clinical perspectives on sadism, positions the scale as a valuable tool for understanding sadistic tendencies in a general population.
American Historiography of the US Foreign Policy on the PRC, 1949–1991
Authors: Goncharenko Anatoliy
Published: December 2023

The article considers the American historiography of the US foreign policy on the China in 1949–1991. He lights main trends of researches in the American historiography. The author gives an analysis of opinions of the American researchers on the US foreign policy on the PRC in 1949–1991. Over the 70 years, a circle of scientists constantly focusing on the research of the US foreign policy on the China, its principles, priorities and mechanisms has taken shape in the American studies. Scientists of that time were clamped in the ideological framework, which as a result reflected in historical research. However, this did not prevent historians from exploring current problems and discovering new sources. This influenced the development of American history studies. To reflect the trends, generalizing and some individual works on this topic are analyzed. The relationship between the ideological climate and orientation in historiography has been established.
“My representation is performative”: Black Women's Reflection of Academia Through Collaborative Autoethnographic Poetic Inquiry
Authors: Turner Crystasany , Green Meghan
Published: December 2023

In the midst of Covid-19 and increased anti-Black racial violence, Black women faculty continue to search for a sense of wholeness in academic institutions founded upon seemingly well-intentioned ideologies of justice and belonging. Grounded in endarkened feminist epistemology, this collaborative autoethnographic poetic inquiry explores how two Black women early career scholars navigated their first years as faculty during dual pandemics and situate their experiences in the context of other Black women in the academy. Through sister talks and found lyric poetry, they illuminate four distinct yet interrelated themes within their conversations: (1) the difference between performance and authenticity; (2) the evasiveness of belonging; (3) exploitation and tokenization; and (4) institutional policing of their narratives. Institutional recommendations are discussed to support the retention of early-career Black women faculty pursuing holistic, authentic academic homeplaces that honor their endarkened intellectual, emotional, and spiritual identities.
Ableism and accessibility in higher education: A case study regarding a wheelchair user in a psychology course
Authors: Borges Fábio Alexandre , Peixoto Jurema Lindote Botelho
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to discuss accessibility and ableism in Higher Education from the academic trajectory of a psychologist with physical disabilities/a wheelchair user. To this end, concepts such as disability, inclusion, accessibility and ableism are discussed. For the production of data, a semi-structured interview was carried out with a wheelchair user, who was invited to speak, among other aspects, about his inclusion in Higher Education in a Psychology undergraduate course. In addition to this interview, the data was complemented by informal conversations to resolve any questions about what had been discussed during the interview. Data analysis followed the principles of Textual Discourse Analysis, with the steps of unitarization, categorization and construction of a metatext. Among the results, the following stand out: ableist manifestations in different situations that influenced the participant’s professional training; aspects related to (in)accessibility to services offered by the university; and a lack of knowledge about the characteristics of academics with disabilities as a disadvantage to their inclusion. As possibilities for advances in improving the quality of inclusion in Higher Education, there should be more dialogue with persons with disabilities, including organizing discussion groups within the university environment as one step towards reducing barriers against inclusion.
Plantas medicinais e o ensino de Ciências Naturais
Authors: Albano Wladimyr Matos , Santos Marcelo Guerra , Bastos Wagner Gonçalves
Published: December 2023

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo despertar o interesse dos alunos pela química, por meio da interação entre os conhecimentos popular, científico e escolar sobre plantas medicinais no ensino de Ciências Naturais. Foram preparadas duas aulas de teoria e prática experimental sobre plantas medicinais e o estudo das substâncias fenólicas. As aulas foram realizadas junto aos alunos do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental de um colégio público no município de São Gonçalo/RJ, em zona urbana. Na primeira aula, com a aplicação de um questionário, foram obtidas informações sobre plantas medicinais, seu uso, seu nome e seu modo de preparação; posteriormente, foram introduzidos conceitos sobre plantas medicinais e realizado um debate acerca dos conceitos de natural e de contraindicação. Na segunda aula, por intermédio de um questionário, os alunos puderam avaliar seu próprio aprendizado e a eficiência do método. As atividades desenvolvidas proporcionaram uma oportunidade de sensibilização dos alunos sobre a presença de substâncias químicas em plantas medicinais, e o aprendizado de conceitos de Química, Biologia e Física. A metodologia pode ser aplicada na elaboração de aulas e na formação continuada de professores.
Incorporating Theory-Consistent Endogenous Markups into Applied General-Equilibrium Models
Authors: R. Markusen James
Published: December 2023

The incorporation of increasing returns and imperfect competition into applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models, beginning with Harris (1984), led to much larger welfare effects from changes such as trade liberalization. But the imperfect competition side of these industrial organization (IO) developments has often failed to incorporate meaningful strategic behavior, largely ruling out firm-level productivity and scale effects. I show here that the incorporation of theory-based endogenous markups into AGE models is not difficult by employing the template of non-linear complementarity. I first derive the optimal markup equations for Nash Cournot and Nash Bertrand competition in a constant elasticity of substitution (CES) environment with free entry and exit. The first model is a simple closed-economy model where three alternatives are considered: large-group monopolistic competition (LGMC), small-group Cournot (SGC) and small-group Bertrand (SGB). Growth in the economy, a parable for trade liberalization among similar economies, is the experiment used to compare these specifications. The gains to initially small economies are much larger under either small-group assumption relative to LGMC, but diminish relative to LGMC as economies grow large. I also show how the contributions of variety (entry), firm scale (productivity), and markups (distortions) to welfare changes differ substantially among the three alternatives. The second model is a two-country trade model where the experiment is a reduction in trade costs using the SGB case and compares it to LGMC. A fall in trade costs increases firm scale, lowers markups and boosts welfare in spite of a fall in variety. Under LGMC, firm scale and markups are constant, but no fall in variety.
Educação Ambiental
Authors: Dias Raquel Faria , Santos Tatiani Rabelo Lapa , Silva Fernanda Duarte Araújo
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo resulta do projeto realizado com uma turma de crianças da Educação Infantil de uma escola da rede pública federal de ensino da cidade de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. As atividades desenvolvidas objetivaram refletir com as crianças sobre a temática ambiental e conscientizá-las sobre a importância do cuidado com o meio onde vivem. O referencial teórico-metodológico ancorou-se na Psicologia Histórico-Cultural (PHC) e incluiu a observação participante como instrumento para a construção dos dados. Em linhas gerais, identificou-se, por meio das atividades realizadas, que se pode trabalhar com o referido público a partir de atividades voltadas a ações de investigação e descoberta de fenômenos naturais para elas participarem ativamente do processo de aprendizagem.
Nano-drug-based Targeted Therapy Alleviates Ferroptosis-induced Liver
Toxicity
Authors: Pandrangi Santhi Latha , Shaik Hamad Sharif , Sánchez Llaguno Sungey Naynee , Neira Mosquera Juan Alejandro , Mohiddin Gooty Jaffer , Chittineedi Prasanthi
Published: December 2023

Iron is an essential inorganic element for an organism, with several metabolic activities.
The glycoproteins ferritin and transferrin, which assist in carrying iron to various body
parts, are used to store iron. In terms of iron uptake, storage, and excretion, equilibrium should
be preserved. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death with traits like lipid peroxidation
buildup and ROS generation. It is distinct from other forms of cell death visually and biochemically.
Many cancer cells block ferroptosis by controlling different cell survival pathways.
Compared to healthy, normal cells, cancer cells are more dependent on iron. A subgroup of tumor
cells known as cancer stem cells has stem-like characteristics. These are in charge of metastasis
and recurrence. The liver plays a significant part in the body's detoxifying process and is
the primary iron storage organ. Numerous liver disorders are frequently accompanied by excessive
iron accumulation. Due to excessive iron deposits, the liver is more vulnerable to oxidative
damage, which can occasionally result in liver failure. Chemotherapy, which involves administering
several medications to treat cancer, may be hazardous to the body's other cells. The ferroptosis
condition and high iron accumulation can potentially impair liver function. A tailored
drug delivery method may ameliorate the impact of excessive iron accumulation and favorably
correlate with liver damage, consequently enhancing liver function.
Wipe Out Period of Spinal Anaesthesia in Patients of Hemorrhoidectomy in relation to Prakriti
Authors: Minakshi Sharma  , Anil Dutt  , Pradeep Awasthi
Published: December 2023

Background: Surgical hemorrhoidectomy is most effective treatment for hemorrhoids. This procedure is commonly undertaken under spinal anaesthesia which produces intense sensory and motor blockade. In Clinical Practice of Anaesthesia, it is always seen that patients behave in a different manner even after the fact that they all are induced with similar anaesthetic agents with similar techniques of anaesthesia and maintained by similar anaesthetic agents. The difference in their behaviour is related to their physical, physiological and psychological status & to evaluate this difference, present research work was done. The patients were posted for hemorrhoidectomy under LSAB injection Bupivacaine 0.5% as 12.5 mg (2.5ml) dose. Wipe out period checked after waning the effect of anaesthesia and onset of pain. Objectives: To evaluate the wipe out period of spinal anesthesia and studying its relation to different Doshaja Prakriti means how metabolism of the drug Bupivacaine is affected by specific Doshaja Prakriti of the human body. Materials and Methods: Clinical study has been accomplished by dividing patients in three groups i.e., Group I, Group II and Group III. Sample size - Total 60 patients. Intervention - Group I - Vata Pradhan, Group II - Pitta Pradhan, Group III - Kapha Pradhan. Results: Wipe out period of spinal anaesthesia is ~3-4 hrs in 85% patients belonged to Group I and ~4-5 hrs in 90% patients belonged to Group II while ~5-6 hrs in 70% patients belonged to Group III. Thus, it is concluded that wipe out period of spinal anesthesia of Vataj Prakriti is less than Pittaj and Kaphaj Prakriti. The intergroup difference was statistically highly significant at p<0.001. Conclusion: The descriptions in Ayurveda indicates that individuals with Vata & Pitta Prakriti are fast metabolizers while those of Kaphaj Prakriti are slow metabolizers, which may be comprehended to the extent.
To study the efficacy of Erandmool Arka in Primary Dysmenorrhea - A Single Case Study
Authors: Sunil Sadashiv More  , Govardhane Anagha
Published: December 2023

Dysmenorrhea is a clinical condition characterized by severe uterine pain during menstruation. It is one of the most common gynecological complaints observed. It has a high impact on women’s quality of life. Dysmenorrhea is explained as an Udavartini Yonivyapad in Ayurveda. In modern medicine it is treated by oral hormonal pills, NSAIDs and analgesics. Long term use of this produces side effects. Thus, they aren’t the solution to this problem. As per Ayurveda, Vatahar procedure is the main line of treatment for Yonivyapadas. Many herbal preparations are mentioned for the management of Udavartini Yonivyapad. According to Arkaprakash Erandmool Arka (Shwet Eranda) possess Vatahar and Shoolhar properties. Hence, a single case study was taken to evaluate the efficacy of Erandmool Arka in Dysmenorrhea.
Single Case study on Horse Shoe Fistula with Partial Fistulectomy followed by Kshara Sutra Procedure
Authors: Nirmaladevi N N  , Siddayya Aradhyamath  , Adithya JV
Published: December 2023

Bhagandara is enumerated under Astamahagada[1] and it is a Chedana Sadya Vyadi, clinically which can be correlated to Fistula-In-Ano. It is a communicating track lined by unhealthy granulation tissue; opens internally in the anal canal or rectum and perianal region. Commonly this disease develops after spontaneous bursting or inappropriate surgical drainage of an abscess. It then remains open with pus discharge.[2] The incidence of a Fistula-in-Ano developing from an anal abscess ranges from 26% to 38%, the prevalence rate of Fistula-in-Ano is 8.6 cases per 100,000 population worldwide, in men the prevalence rate is 12.3 cases per 100,000 population and in women it is 5.6 cases per 100,000 population.[3] Depending upon the extent and nature of Fistulous tracks, Acharya Sushruta has described different type of incision in the management of Bhagandara. Here in this article a small attempt has been made to throw light on Sushrutokta Chedana Karma in Bhagandara.
A comparative clinical study of Shatadhouta Ghrita and Jatyadi Ghrita in the management of Parikartika w.s.r. to fissure-in-ano
Authors: Krishna Krishor Garai  , Anumarlapudi Jayaram
Published: December 2023

Parikartika is a condition of Guda in which there is cutting and burning pain. Parikartika may be corelated to fissure in ano. As per Samhithas, Parikartika is a complication of Vasti, Virechana etc. and even due to faulty instrumentation e.g., enema nozzle etc. To avoid surgery and to evolve an effective Ayurvedic treatment a comparative clinical study has been undertaken to assess efficacy of Shatadhauta Ghritavasti with Jathyadi Ghritavasti. The study was conducted in the OPD and IPD of R.A.M.C. Hospital and Research Centre. 40 patients of Parikartika were selected from the OPD and IPD of the aforesaid of Institution and randomly assigned in to two groups namely Group A and B. Subjects under Group A, 20 Patients for Shathadutha Ghritavasthi, while Group B, 20 Patients for Jathyadhi Ghritavasti. The Study showed that Group A and Group B are equally effective in treating Parikartika. Conclusion: An attempt was made to study clinically the effect of Shatadhoutha Ghrita & Jatyadi Ghrita in Parikartika. Shatadhouta Gritha Matrabasti was more effective in acute cases of Parikartika. Jatyadi Grithamatrabasti was more effective in chronic cases of Parikartika.
Comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of Madhutailik Basti in comparison to Lekhana Basti in the management of Sthaulya (Obesity)
Authors: Ankit Dabas  , Arun Gupta  , Swati  , Mansi
Published: December 2023

Obesity is a chronic disease, increasing globally and is characterised by excess body fat. As a preventable cause of death, obesity is second only to smoking. Obesity is a potent co-morbid risk factor for mortality and morbidity, if it remains untreated. It emerges as an important health problem in India. It is estimated that 31.6 million Indians are obese, specially abdominally obese. Obesity is the primary driver of non-communicable diseases, like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, disabilities like osteoarthritis and even cancer. In Ayurvedic texts, Sthaulya is categorized as Santarpanjanya Roga. Lekhana Basti is a well-known treatment for Sthaulya in Ayurveda and lot of research work has done in the past but it is not suitable for all Sthula Purusha because of its Tikshana nature. Many complications like abdominal pain or pricking pain in anal region, bleeding per rectum were observed practically. In the present study, Lekhana Basti and Madhutailik Basti were selected for Sthaulya. Sthaulya is Kapha-Meda Pradhana Vyadhi with Medavritta Vata. The drugs of Madhutailik Basti have Ushna Virya and Kapha Vatahara property. So, it regulates the Samana Vayu and restores the “Jatharagni” to normal, while also activating the Vyana Vayu to break the Srotosanga and synergize the activity of Madhutailik Basti at the cellular level. Thus, it helps to break the pathogenesis of the disease. Considering the above facts case study was planned to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Madhutailik Basti with Lekhana Basti in the management of Sthaulya (obesity) in 60 clinically diagnosed and confirmed cases of Sthaulya from OPD of Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, Khera Dabar, Delhi.
Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Pharmacovigilance Science in Ayurveda among Ayurved pharmacy undergraduates - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kotecha Kalpu , Piparva Kiran , Kothari Vasavdutta , Modha Joban
Published: December 2023

Background: India is known for its traditional medicinal systems. Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani systems are being practised since ages and their use have accepted in other countries in era of globalisation. There is a wide spread misconception that all drugs of “natural” origin are “safe”. Many drugs not only of allopathy but homeopathy as well Ayurved, having undesirable unwanted effects beyond therapeutic action called Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR). Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, New Delhi has initiated the Pharmacovigilance Program for Ayurved, Siddha, Unani & Homeopathy drugs (ASU & H drugs). Aim and Objectives: To evaluate knowledge, attitude and perception of Pharmacovigilance among Ayurved pharmacy undergraduates. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted among Ayurved pharmacy undergraduates perusing their study at government Ayurved College during 2022. The questionnaire was designed to test knowledge, attitude and perception of Pharmacovigilance. Basic and study data was entered in Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and descriptive statistics was used. Result: Majority students had knowledge about “ADR’ and “Pharmacovigilance” and “ADR” reporting Centre” but where and to whom and how to report was lacking as there have not been exposed to any practical training and awareness session. Majority participants were agreed that all the drugs including ASU & H has adverse drug reaction and need to report and should be mandatory. Conclusion: There is a need of more awareness and practical/ hand to hand training programme related to Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting to Undergraduate Ayurved Pharmacy Students to sensitise them and to strengthen the reporting culture for ASU & H drugs form early stage.
A randomized controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Gomutra Triphala Vati in the management of Sthoulya
Authors: Prithvi N Bhat  , Susheel Shetty  , Nikel Kumari
Published: December 2023

Background: Sthoulya is considered as one of the Kaphaja Nanatmaja Vyadhi. Overweight and Obesity are defined as an abnormal, excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of the two Ayurvedic formulations, Gomutra Triphala Vati which is one of the unexplored Aushadha yoga explained in Vangasena Samhita, Medorogaadhikaara and Navaka Guggulu explained in Chakradatta, Sthoulya Chikitsa in the management of Sthoulya. (Overweight and Class One Obesity). Materials and Methods: 60 patients fulfilling the Diagnostic and Inclusion criteria were selected for a Single Blind Comparative study. They were randomly allocated into 2 equal groups A & B. Group A and Group B subjects received Gomutra Triphala Vati and Navaka Guggulu in a dosage of 500mg, two tablets, twice daily, after food with Ushna Jala (Warm water) for 45 days, respectively. Assessment was done at baseline i.e.; 0th day, 16th day, 31st day, after treatment on 46th day and after follow up on 61st day. Results: While comparing both the drugs clinically, Gomutra Triphala Vati and Navaka Guggulu showed effective results in Sthoulya. On statistical comparison within the groups, both the groups showed significant effect (P<0.05) in Atinidra, Alpavyayama, Alasya, Body weight, BMI, Circumferences of Midarm, Waist, Chest, Hip and Thigh. Conclusion: On statistical comparison between the two groups there is no significant difference in the effect of both Gomutra Triphala Vati and Navaka Guggulu. Thus, H1 is rejected and H0 is accepted.
An eyeshot on the role of Millets in healthy lifestyle - A Literary Review
Authors: Sharma Astha , Shiv Shankar Shukla
Published: December 2023

In today’s lifestyle, many new diseases are emerging day by day. To overcome these diseases or to maintain the health of an individual, an important key component is Traya Upastambha (three pillars of Ayurveda) i.e., Aahar (food), Nidra (proper sleep) and Brahmacharya. Aahar is one of them. Proper intake of Aahar plays an important role in maintaining the health of an individual and adding Millets in our Aahar or diet is one of the strategies of lifestyle modification to maintain the health of an individual. Acharyas has mentioned twelve categories of Aahar in which millets are to be considered in Trinadhanya and Kshudradhanya of Dhanyavarga. The nutrient profile of Millets is higher than the other cereals. They are rich fibre content, magnesium, phosphorous, vitamins, low calorie and gluten free property. Also, qualities of Kshudradhanya have been mentioned in Ayurvedic classics like Ruksha, Dhatushoshana, Lekhan, due to which they have been indicated in Santarpanjanya Vyadhi i.e., Prameha (Diabetes), Sthoulya (overweight), Medo Roga. Hence, this analysis may help in understanding the benefits of Millets and the most importantly the right way to use millets with precautions to maintain the healthy lifestyle and reduces the risk of lifestyle disorders.
Yoga for managing Anthropometric Measures in Adult Obese: A review based on RCTs
Authors: Neha Pathak  , Abhishek K. Bhardwaj
Published: December 2023

Excessive eating of energy-dense, nutrient less foods and inactive lifestyle has led to a pandemic of obesity worldwide. More than underweight, world’s population died due to overweight and obesity. There are many factors like stress, environmental pressure, sedentary lifestyle, genetic factors etc causes obesity. This review assesses the effectiveness of Yoga as an intervention for weight related problems and as a management strategy of obesity and its related symptoms. This review is specifically to evaluate the effect of Yoga program on various anthropometric measures related to overweight and obesity. This review conducted in wide range of databases including PubMed and Google scholar using key terms Yoga, obesity and overweight. Randomized control trials and experimental researches are included based on the relevance of this study. The study excluded inappropriate researches with no quantitative measures. Overall, the studies showed the Yoga program significantly effective as a therapy for managing obesity. For management and prevention of obesity there are very limited strategies having several adverse effects. Yoga has been used as an effective therapeutic tool to attain positive health and to enhance satisfaction towards own body. It gives a best means to attain full potential of individual’s body, mind and soul and plays a very considerable role in reducing anthropometric measures and body weight.
Effect of Dashmoola Siddha Ksheera Janu Basti and Jatamayadi Upanaha in Sandhigatavata (Osteoarthritis) - A Case Study
Authors: Preeti Chaturvedi  , Minakshee Chouhan  , Shivani Paliwal
Published: December 2023

Sandhigatavata is one of the Vata Vyadhi characterized by the symptoms as Sandhi Shoola and Sandhi Sphot. Most middle-aged and older adults experience degenerative joint disorders with symptoms such as swelling, pain on flexion and extension. Symptoms of Sandhigatavata exhibit apparent similarity with that of osteoarthritis, a degenerative disorder that occurs when articular cartilage wears down and the failure of diarthrodial joint. A Single clinical case study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Dashmoola Ksheera Janu Basti and Jatamayadi Upanaha in Janu Sandhigatavata. Dashmoola Siddha Khseera was freshly prepared, used in Sthanik Janu Basti and Jatamayadi Upanaha applied externally over the affected knee joints of the patient for 1-2 hrs daily, for 21 days. After the treatment, the patient experienced significant relief and observed visible reduction in predominant symptoms.
A comparative evaluation on efficacy of Brihat Dashmoola Taila Snehapana and Brihat Dashmoola Taila Nasya in the management of Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine)
Authors: Swati  , Arun Gupta
Published: December 2023

Migraine is a genetically influenced complex disorder characterized by episodes of moderate-to-severe headache, most often unilateral and generally associated with nausea and light and sound sensitivity. Around 15% of women and 6% of men experience migraines, the second most prevalent type of cerebral pain. The majority of those affected by the disease are in their prime age, or between the second and fifth decade, which has an impact on their professional and social lives and deteriorates their health. Ardhavabhedaka is technically comparable to migraine due to its paroxysmal nature and distinctive characteristic of a "half-sided headache". Material and Methods: In this study, eligible 64 patients were selected and randomly divided in two groups through computer generated randomization. Brihat Dashmoola Taila Snehapana was given in trial group and Brihat Dashmoola Taila Nasya was given in control group for 2 settings of 7 days with 7 days gap. The primary outcomes measured were percentage changes in chief complaints and associate complaint of Ardhavabhedaka in comparison to both groups. Result: Regarding effect of therapy on Chief complaints in trial group, 22.6% relief was found in severity of headache, 34.0% in duration of headache and 43.2% in frequency of headache. In control group, 32.8% relief was found in severity of headache, 32.8% in duration of headache and 45.4% in frequency of headache. Conclusion: The Nasya Karma is a better treatment option in the management of Ardhavbhedaka as compared to Snehapana. Although both the treatments are having statistically significant results.