bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term effects of adrenalectomy or spironolactone on blood pressure control and regression of left ventricle hypertrophy in patients with primary aldosteronism
Authors: Indra Tomáš , Holaj Robert , Štrauch Branislav , Rosa Ján , Petrák Ondřej , Šomlóová Zuzana , Widimský Jiří
Published: October 2014

Introduction:

Primary aldosteronism (PA) represents the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Beyond increased blood pressure, additional harmful effects of aldosterone excess including inappropriate left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy were found. We evaluated the effect of adrenalectomy and spironolactone on blood pressure and myocardial remodelling in a long-term follow-up study.

Methods:

Thirty-one patients with PA were recruited. Fifteen patients with confirmed aldosterone-producing adenoma underwent adrenalectomy; in the remaining 16 patients, treatment with spironolactone was initiated. Laboratory data, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiography parameters were evaluated at baseline and at a median follow-up of 64 months.

Results:

Both approaches reduced blood pressure ( p = 0.001 vs. baseline). In both groups we observed a decrease in end-diastolic ( p = 0.04, p = 0.01) and end-systolic LV cavity diameters ( p = 0.03, p = 0.01). Interventricular septum and posterior wall thickness reduction was significant only after adrenalectomy ( p = 0.01, p = 0.03) as was reduction of LV mass index ( p = 0.004). A trend to lower LV mass on spironolactone was caused predominantly by diminution of the LV cavity, which was reflected in increased relative wall thickness ( p = 0.05).

Conclusions:

Although both surgical and conservative treatment can induce a long-term decrease of blood pressure, adrenalectomy seems to be more effective in reduction of LV mass, as it reverses both wall thickening and enlargement of the LV cavity.
Do Perceptions of Insulin Pump Usability Impact Attitudes Toward Insulin Pump Therapy? A Pilot Study of Individuals With Type 1 and Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chamberlain James J. , Gilgen Emily
Published: October 2014

Background:

We assessed the impact of perceived insulin pump usability on attitudes toward insulin pump therapy in diabetic individuals currently treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI).

Method:

This comparative, single-arm study recruited 28 adults with type 1 (n = 16) and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (n = 12) to evaluate 2 current insulin pumps: Medtronic Revel 723 (Pump 1), Asante Snap Insulin Pump (Pump 2). Participants were randomized 1:1 to 1 of 2 assessment sequences: Pump 1 followed by Pump 2; and Pump 2 followed by Pump 1. Structured observational protocols were utilized to assess participants’ ability and time required to learn/perform common tasks associated with pump setup/use. Participants used a modified version of the System Usability Scale (SUS) and investigator-developed questionnaires to rate pump usability and task difficulty; pre-post questionnaires assessed changes in attitudes toward insulin pump therapy.

Results:

All participants completed the study. SUS scores showed Pump 2 to be more usable than Pump 1 on all usability attributes. Participants rated Pump 2 more positively than Pump 1, overall mean SUS scores of 5.7 versus 4.1 respectively, F(1, 52) = 32.7, P < .001, and SUS scores were higher if participants used the Pump 2 last, 5.3 versus 4.4 for Pump 1 last, F(1, 52) = 10.8, P < .01. Pump 2 was preferred for all tasks: manual bolus (86%), bolus calculation (71%), managing basal rates (93%), interpreting alarms (96%), transferring settings (100%), changing insulin and infusion sets (93%), all P < .05.

Conclusions:

Perceptions of pump usability can directly impact acceptance and use of features that may benefit those who wear them. Simpler pump devices that decrease perceptions of complexity may encourage broader use of this technology.
Engaging, Persuading, and Entertaining Citizens
Authors: Flew Terry , Swift Adam
Published: October 2014

This paper draws upon public sphere theories and the “mediatization of politics” debate to develop a mapping of the Australian political public sphere, with particular reference to television. It discusses the concept of a “political public sphere,” and the contribution of both non-traditional news media genres, such as satirical television and infotainment formats, to an expanded conception of the political public sphere. It considers these questions in the context of two case studies: the Q&A program on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), and its uses of social media and interactive formats to engage citizens, and the comedy program Gruen Nation, also on the ABC, which analyzed the use of political advertising to persuade citizens during the 2013 Australian Federal election.
On the Origins of “Pickawillany”
Authors: Costa David J.
Published: October 2014

Abstract“Pickawillany” is the usual English name of a colonial-era Miami village located in western Ohio on the Great Miami River, near the site of present-day Piqua, in Miami County, Ohio. There have been many attempts to explain the etymology of “Pickawillany” as being related to “Piqua,” with a meaning “Place of the Ashes.” Using data drawn from various Algonquian languages, I will show that not only will this etymology not work, but I will demonstrate that the true etymology of “Pickawillany” is from the Shawnee name for the Miamis, and is unrelated to the word “Piqua.”
Xhosa Onomastics as Part of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS)
Authors: Neethling Bertie
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe idea of indigenous knowledge has gained conceptual and discursive currency only recently in Africa and has become a popular subject. It could presumably be traced back to the origin of humankind. Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) consist of many components, all of them intrinsically linked to particular traditional cultural phenomena. Most of these systems have been in place over centuries, and continue to exercise their influence among the people where these systems are found.This contribution argues that name-giving conventions among the Xhosa as practised by those involved in the process and the responses of the recipients to those names could be considered as part of IKS (or at times IKS-derived). The data is mainly from questionnaires that were disseminated among students at the University of the Western Cape.The original name-giving process probably derives from a strongly embedded tradition that has been in existence for centuries and that could not only be linked to IKS, but should also be considered as an integral part of IKS. As life progresses, however, other name-giving traditions come into play that reveal a high percentage of uniqueness and creativity only vaguely linked to an IKS system. It seems to also focus on a more inter- or multicultural approach, that would also be more acceptable globally.
Extraction of rare earth elements from NdFeB scrap by AlF3–NaF melts
Authors: Hua Z. S. , Wang L. , Wang J. , Xiao Y. P. , Yang Y. X. , Zhao Z. , Liu M. J.
Published: October 2014

To conserve both energy and rare earths, a new technology for recycling of NdFeB magnet scrap was proposed in this paper based on the selective fluorination with AlF3–NaF melts. After fluorination, the reaction products were examined by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma. Rare earth elements in the scrap were selectively converted to rare earth fluorides in the yield of ca. 94·2%, leaving Fe, B and impurities in the solid residue. The differences in chemical activity between Fe, impurities and rare earth should be mainly responsible for the selective fluorination process. The obtained fluorides can be subsequently processed with molten salt electrolysis for the direct production of Al–Nd based alloy.
Characterisation of CVD carbon coatings on Nextel™440 fibres
Authors: Wang Y. , Liu H. T. , Cheng H. F.
Published: October 2014

Carbon coatings were deposited on Nextel™440 fibres using C3H6–Ar system by hot wall chemical vapour deposition (CVD) with a total pressure of 1·5 kPa. The morphology and structure of the coatings were characterised by SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. As the deposition temperature increased from 1173 to 1373 K, the growth rate increased complying with the Arrhenius law, and the calculated apparent activation energy was 45·9 kJ mol−1. The coating growth was controlled by surface reaction, and smooth coatings were obtained. Above 1373 K, the free energy barrier for the formation of critical nucleus in gas phase was so low that remarkable nucleation occurred, thereby leading to the growth of rough coatings. The grain size and orientation of the coatings both increased as the deposition temperature increased. Additionally, the strength of the fibres coated at 1173 K was the highest, owing to low fibre degradation and healing effect of the thin coatings.
Genetic profile of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias with MYC translocations
Authors: La Starza Roberta , Borga Chiara , Barba Gianluca , Pierini Valentina , Schwab Claire , Matteucci Caterina , Lema Fernandez Anair G. , Leszl Anna , Cazzaniga Gianni , Chiaretti Sabina , Basso Giuseppe , Harrison Christine J. , te Kronnie Geertruy , Mecucci Cristina
Published: October 2014

Key Points

MYC translocations represent a genetic subgroup of NOTCH1-independent T-ALL clustered within the TAL/LMO category. MYC translocations are secondary abnormalities, which appear to be associated with induction failure and relapse.
Potential applications of magnetic particles to detect and treat Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Busquets Maria Antònia , Sabaté Raimon , Estelrich Joan
Published: October 2014

Nanotechnology is an exciting and promising scientific discipline. At the nanoscale, a material displays novel physical properties that offer many new and beneficial products and applications. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles - a core/shell nanoparticle - present considerable diagnostic and therapeutic potentials, and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are considered promising theranostic tools. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that predominantly affects people over 65 years of age. The disease is characterized by the presence of extracellular plaques in the brain which are formed by interwoven fibrils composed of variants of the β-amyloid peptide. Medication can temporarily retard worsening of symptoms, but only in the first stages of the disease; early detection is thus of crucial importance. This minireview covers the progress made in research on the use of magnetic nanoparticles for ex vivo and/or in vivo detection and diagnosis of AD by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or to label peptides and fibrils. Of particular importance is the use of these nanoparticles to detect AD biomarkers in biological fluids. A description is given of the bio-barcode amplification assay using functionalized magnetic particles, as well as the use of such nanoparticles as a system for inhibiting or delaying the assembly of peptide monomers into oligomers and fibrils. Lastly, a brief overview is given of possible future lines of research in this.
Transcriptome-wide characterization of the eIF4A signature highlights plasticity in translation regulation
Authors: Rubio Claudia A , Weisburd Benjamin , Holderfield Matthew , Arias Carolina , Fang Eric , DeRisi Joseph L , Fanidi Abdallah
Published: October 2014

Background

Protein synthesis is tightly regulated and alterations to translation are characteristic of many cancers. Translation regulation is largely exerted at initiation through the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 F (eIF4F). eIF4F is pivotal for oncogenic signaling as it integrates mitogenic signals to amplify production of pro-growth and pro-survival factors. Convergence of these signals on eIF4F positions this factor as a gatekeeper of malignant fate. While the oncogenic properties of eIF4F have been characterized, genome-wide evaluation of eIF4F translational output is incomplete yet critical for developing novel translation-targeted therapies.

Results

To understand the impact of eIF4F on malignancy, we utilized a genome-wide ribosome profiling approach to identify eIF4F-driven mRNAs in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Using Silvestrol, a selective eIF4A inhibitor, we identify 284 genes that rely on eIF4A for efficient translation. Our screen confirmed several known eIF4F-dependent genes and identified many unrecognized targets of translation regulation. We show that 5’UTR complexity determines Silvestrol-sensitivity and altering 5’UTR structure modifies translational output. We highlight physiological implications of eIF4A inhibition, providing mechanistic insight into eIF4F pro-oncogenic activity.

Conclusions

Here we describe the transcriptome-wide consequence of eIF4A inhibition in malignant cells, define mRNA features that confer eIF4A dependence, and provide genetic support for Silvestrol’s anti-oncogenic properties. Importantly, our results show that eIF4A inhibition alters translation of an mRNA subset distinct from those affected by mTOR-mediated eIF4E inhibition. These results have significant implications for therapeutically targeting translation and underscore a dynamic role for eIF4F in remodeling the proteome toward malignancy.
VariantDB: a flexible annotation and filtering portal for next generation sequencing data
Authors: Vandeweyer Geert , Van Laer Lut , Loeys Bart , Van den Bulcke Tim , Kooy R Frank
Published: October 2014

Interpretation of the multitude of variants obtained from next generation sequencing (NGS) is labor intensive and complex. Web-based interfaces such as Galaxy streamline the generation of variant lists but lack flexibility in the downstream annotation and filtering that are necessary to identify causative variants in medical genomics. To this end, we built VariantDB, a web-based interactive annotation and filtering platform that automatically annotates variants with allele frequencies, functional impact, pathogenicity predictions and pathway information. VariantDB allows filtering by all annotations, under dominant, recessive or de novo inheritance models and is freely available at http://www.biomina.be/app/variantdb/.
Activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived from rheumatoid arthritis via lysophosphatidic acid-lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 cascade
Authors: Miyabe Yoshishige , Miyabe Chie , Iwai Yoshiko , Yokoyama Waka , Sekine Chiyoko , Sugimoto Kazutaka , Harigai Masayoshi , Miyasaka Masayuki , Miyasaka Nobuyuki , Nanki Toshihiro
Published: October 2014

Introduction

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that binds to G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6). Recently, we reported that abrogation of LPA receptor 1 (LPA1) ameliorated murine collagen-induced arthritis, probably via inhibition of inflammatory cell migration, Th17 differentiation and osteoclastogenesis. In this study, we examined the importance of the LPA-LPA1 axis in cell proliferation, cytokine/chemokine production and lymphocyte transmigration in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) obtained from the synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods

FLSs were prepared from synovial tissues of RA patients. Expression of LPA1-6 was examined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Cell surface LPA1 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a cell-counting kit. Production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), chemokine?(C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pseudoemperipolesis was evaluated using a coculture of RA FLSs and T or B cells. Cell motility was examined by scrape motility assay. Expression of adhesion molecules was determined by flow cytometry.

Results

The expression of LPA1 mRNA and cell surface LPA1 was higher in RA FLSs than in FLSs from osteoarthritis tissue. Stimulation with LPA enhanced the proliferation of RA FLSs and the production of IL-6, VEGF, CCL2 and MMP-3 by FLSs, which were suppressed by an LPA1 inhibitor (LA-01). Ki16425, another LPA1 antagonist, also suppressed IL-6 production by LPA-stimulated RA FLSs. However, the production of CXCL12 was not altered by stimulation with LPA. LPA induced the pseudoemperipolesis of T and B cells cocultured with RA FLSs, which was suppressed by LPA1 inhibition. In addition, LPA enhanced the migration of RA FLSs and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule and intercellular adhesion molecule on RA FLSs, which were also inhibited by an LPA1 antagonist.

Conclusions

Collectively, these results indicate that LPA-LPA1 signaling contributes to the activation of RA FLSs.
Timing of (supplemental) parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: a systematic review
Authors: Bost Rianne BC , Tjan Dave HT , van Zanten Arthur RH
Published: October 2014

Supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) is used in a step-up approach when full enteral support is contraindicated or fails to reach caloric targets. Recent nutrition guidelines present divergent advices regarding timing of SPN in critically ill patients ranging from early SPN (<48 h after admission; EPN) to postponing initiation of SPN until day 8 after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission (LPN). This systematic review summarizes results of prospective studies among adult ICU patients addressing the best timing of (supplemental) parenteral nutrition (S)PN. A structured PubMed search was conducted to identify eligible articles. Articles were screened and selected using predetermined criteria and appraised for relevance and validity. After critical appraisal, four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two prospective observational studies remained. One RCT found a higher percentage of alive discharge from the ICU at day 8 in the LPN group compared to EPN group (p = 0.007) but no differences in ICU and in-hospital mortality. None of the other RCTs found differences in ICU or in-hospital mortality rates. Contradicting or divergent results on other secondary outcomes were found for ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, infection rates, nutrition targets, duration of mechanical ventilation, glucose control, duration of renal replacement therapy, muscle wasting and fat loss. Although the heterogeneity in quality and design of relevant studies precludes firm conclusions, it is reasonable to assume that in adult critically ill patients, there are no clinically relevant benefits of EPN compared with LPN with respect to morbidity or mortality end points, when full enteral support is contraindicated or fails to reach caloric targets. However, considering that infectious morbidity and resolution of organ failure may be negatively affected through mechanisms not yet clearly understood and acquisition costs of parenteral nutrition are higher, the early administration of parenteral nutrition cannot be recommended.
Expression of transcript factors SALL4 and OCT4 in a subset of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC)
Authors: Rodriguez Erika , Chen Li , Ao Ming-Hui , Geddes Susan , Gabrielson Ed , Askin Frederic , Zhang Hui , Li Qing Kay
Published: October 2014

Background

SALL4 and OCT4 are transcription factors and play essential roles in stem cell development and oncogenesis. However, the expression of these transcription factors has not been well studied in lung cancers. In this study, we evaluated the expression of SALL4 and OCT4 in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) by immunochemistry. NSCLC tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed with a total of 77 primary lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs) and 90 primary lung squamous cell carcinomas (SqCCs). A mouse monoclonal anti-human SALL4 (1:400 dilution) and a polyclonal anti-human OCT4 (1:200 dilution) antibodies were used. Nuclear staining of SALL4 and OCT4 was scored semi-quantitatively using a three tiered scale. The expressions of SALL4 and OCT4 were correlated with the tumor differentiation, pathological stage, and patients' clinical information.

Results

In primary ADCs, the stronger expression of SALL4 and OCT4 was 7.8% and 9.1%, respectively. The stronger expression of SALL4 was inversely correlated with tumor differentiations. In primary SqCCs, the stronger expressions of SALL4 and OCT4 were 16.7% and 0%, respectively. The expression of SALL4 is correlated with the expression of OCT4, but inversely correlated with the tumor stage in SqCCs.

Conclusions

We found that both SALL4 and OCT4 were differentially expressed in a subset of primary ADC and SqCC. Our finding suggest that different stem cell markers may be expressed and/or play differential role in different subtypes of NSCLC. The potential role of SALL4 and OCT4 needs to be further investigated in NSCLC.
Detachment-controlled triangle zones in extension and inversion tectonics
Authors: Stewart Simon A.
Published: October 2014

“Triangle zone” geometry is well established in thrust tectonics, where the leading edge of a frontal thrust branches backward onto a hinterland-directed roof thrust, and the triangle zone thus formed defines the thrust system’s leading edge. Similar geometries occur in extension and inversion settings, where a triangle zone can form between a deep-seated master fault and a roof fault or backthrust located in a hanging-wall detachment. In basement-controlled extension, triangle zone development can occur when the shear strength of the master fault plane in the zone above a hanging-wall detachment cutoff exceeds that of a new or reactivated antithetic fault detaching on the hanging-wall dip slope. This structural style is characterized by pronounced hanging-wall synclines linked to detached extensional faults higher up the hanging-wall dip slopes. The same principles apply during early phases of inversion tectonics. The part of the master fault that is above the hanging-wall detachment cutoff may constitute a buttress that causes displacement to backthrust along any available detachment into accommodation structures such as emergent ramps. This structural style is characterized by compressional structures within the graben while there is minor or even no sign of inversion on the graben margin faults. These geometries could be accounted for by other processes, for example, localized deep-seated fault-controlled structures within graben, or salt redistribution. However, fieldwork and analog models demonstrate the admissibility of triangle zone kinematics across a range of tectonic settings in the presence of detachment layers that are thin relative to the overall stratigraphy — typically tens to hundreds of meters in thickness. These models can guide seismic interpretation of unusual fold structures in extensional and inverted graben. Seismic interpretation examples were evaluated from the North Sea and Saudi Arabia.
Kaleidoscope
Authors: Tracy Derek K. , Joyce Dan W. , Shergill Sukhwinder S.
Published: October 2014

It cannot have escaped our readers' notice that there has been a public increase in the awareness of the impact of dementia on people's lives: politicians have raised concerns about a dementia ‘time bomb’ as a greater number of people live to an older age; and even the 2013 G8 summit declared1 that there was a need for international initiatives to tackle this illness. The inevitable call for more research is underscored by the lack of any new licenced medications for Alzheimer's disease since 2002. There has been much interest in a putative role for statins – which inhibit the HMGCR enzyme, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol production – as retrospective epidemiological data have shown that they can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease by up to 70%; but, frustratingly, administration of these drugs to those with the illness appears to produce little benefit. Recent data have now shown that the gene encoding this HMGCR enzyme is a potent modifier for the age at onset and rate of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease.2 Indeed, this work would indicate that its G-negative allele is second only to APOE2 as the most common and important protective genetic variant for spontaneous Alzheimer's disease.
Excess of non-right-handedness in schizophrenia: meta-analysis of gender effects and potential biases in handedness assessment
Authors: Hirnstein Marco , Hugdahl Kenneth
Published: October 2014

Background

The notion that schizophrenia is characterised by increased non-right-handedness is a cornerstone of the theory that schizophrenia arises from, and is genetically linked to, abnormal brain lateralisation. Reviews and meta-analyses have reported higher rates of non-right-handers in patients with schizophrenia. However, this was suggested to be the result of a gender artefact or a hidden bias in self-report handedness questionnaires.

Aims

To investigate using a meta-analytical approach whether the excess of non-right-handedness is seen in both females and males, and also when handedness is assessed behaviourally.

Method

Electronic databases were searched for studies that reported (a) the rate of female and male non-right-handers in schizophrenia compared with controls and (b) the rate of non-right-handers in schizophrenia (regardless of gender) based on behavioural handedness assessment.

Results

The odds ratios (ORs) for females (OR = 1.63; based on 621 patients, 3747 controls) and males (OR = 1.50; based on 1213 patients, 3800 controls) differed significantly from 1.0, indicating both female and male patients were more often non-right-handed than controls. Moreover, there was an excess of non-right-handedness in patients with schizophrenia when handedness was assessed behaviourally: OR = 1.84 (1255 patients, 6260 controls). Even when both gender and behavioural handedness assessment were controlled for simultaneously, the excess of non-right-handedness persisted.

Conclusions

The findings clearly demonstrate that the excess of non-right-handedness in schizophrenia does not result from a gender artefact or from biased handedness questionnaires. It is a true empirical effect and may indeed reflect a genetic link between schizophrenia and brain lateralisation.
Psychotherapy for subclinical depression: meta-analysis
Authors: Cuijpers Pim , Koole Sander L. , van Dijke Annemiek , Roca Miquel , Li Juan , Reynolds Charles F.
Published: October 2014

Background

There is controversy about whether psychotherapies are effective in the treatment of subclinical depression, defined by clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the absence of a major depressive disorder.

Aims

To examine whether psychotherapies are effective in reducing depressive symptoms, reduce the risk of developing major depressive disorder and have comparable effects to psychological treatment of major depression.

Method

We conducted a meta-analysis of 18 studies comparing a psychological treatment of subclinical depression with a control group.

Results

The target groups, therapies and characteristics of the included studies differed considerably from each other, and the quality of many studies was not optimal. Psychotherapies did have a small to moderate effect on depressive symptoms against care as usual at the post-test assessment (g = 0.35, 95% CI 0.23–0.47; NNT = 5, 95% CI 4–8) and significantly reduced the incidence of major depressive episodes at 6 months (RR = 0.61) and possibly at 12 months (RR = 0.74). The effects were significantly smaller than those of psychotherapy for major depressive disorder and could be accounted for by non-specific effects of treatment.

Conclusions

Psychotherapy may be effective in the treatment of subclinical depression and reduce the incidence of major depression, but more high-quality research is needed.
Does the stigma of mental illness contribute to suicidality?
Authors: Rüsch Nicolas , Zlati Alina , Black Georgia , Thornicroft Graham
Published: October 2014

Mental disorders are associated with suicidality and with stigma. Many consequences of stigma, such as social isolation, unemployment, hopelessness or stress, are risk factors for suicidality. Research is needed on the link between stigma and suicidality as well as on anti-stigma interventions and their effects on suicidality.
Private in-patient psychiatry in the USA
Authors: Russakoff L. Mark
Published: October 2014

The US healthcare system is in the midst of major changes driven by four forces: the growing consensus in the country that the current system is financially unsustainable; managed care and parity legislation; the Affordable Care Act 2010; and the ageing of the ‘baby boomer’ generation. How these forces will combine and interact is unclear. The current state of in-patient psychiatric care and trends affecting the private practice of in-patient psychiatry over the next few years will be described.
Severe and enduring mental health problems within an established substance misuse treatment partnership
Authors: Walsh Kathryn , Copello Alex
Published: October 2014

Aims and method

The study reports findings of an investigation into the presence of severe and enduring mental health problems within the four statutory and non-statutory teams of an established substance misuse treatment partnership.

Results

Of a total of 772 clients in the four teams surveyed, 69 (8.9%) were identified as having severe and enduring mental health problems and problem substance use in the past 12 months. Alcohol was the most prevalent substance used by this predominantly male group. Different rates were found across the four teams, with higher numbers in the non-statutory teams. The clients displayed significant levels of self-harm and suicide risk and were responsible for 131 acute service contacts over the past 12 months.

Clinical implications

Clients with severe and enduring mental health problems engaged with substance misuse services display high levels of complex need. It is important to identify the best and most effective service response to this group.
You Don’t Need Ovaries to Enjoy Madame Bovary!
Authors: Lloyd Megan S.
Published: October 2014

This article discusses using Madame Bovary in the critical reading classroom. Madame Bovary is one of many texts assigned in Unruly Women and Iron Men, the author’s course introducing first-year students to college-level academic study with emphasis on critical reading and discussion. In the course students examine relationships between men and women at home, in the workplace, and in the media while honing their skills of comprehension, summary, synthesis, and engagement. Semester after semester the author found that Flaubert’s nineteenth-century French work appealed to students, especially to male students, who liked it and talked about it, often without prompting. The article details several pedagogical strategies using Madame Bovary to develop students’ critical reading and help them understand the still very contemporary issues at the heart of Flaubert’s novel.
Receptor heterodimerization as a novel mechanism for regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Lee Kyungwon , Shin Younghwa , Cheng Rui , Park Kyoungmin , Hu Yang , McBride Jeffrey , He Xuemin , Takahashi Yusuke , Ma Jian-xing
Published: October 2014

The Wnt pathway plays important roles in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes. Here we report a novel mechanism regulating the Wnt pathway through heterodimerization of lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP6), a Wnt co-receptor and very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), which is in the same family as LRP6 and was originally known as a receptor for lipoproteins. Knockdown of Vldlr expression elevated LRP6 levels and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, whereas over-expression of Vldlr suppressed Wnt signaling. Moreover, we demonstrated that the VLDLR ectodomain is essential and sufficient for inhibition of Wnt signaling. The VLDLR ectodomain accelerated internalization and degradation of LRP6 through heterodimerization with the LRP6 extracellular domain. Monoclonal antibodies specific for the VLDLR ectodomain blocked VLDLR:LRP6 heterodimerization, resulting in enhanced Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that heterodimerization of receptors in the membrane accelerates LRP6 turnover, and represent a new mechanism for regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
High or low dietary carbohydrate:protein ratios during first-feeding affect glucose metabolism and intestinal microbiota in juvenile rainbow trout
Authors: Geurden I. , Mennigen J. , Plagnes-Juan E. , Veron V. , Cerezo T. , Mazurais D. , Zambonino-Infante J. , Gatesoupe J. , Skiba-Cassy S. , Panserat S.
Published: October 2014

Based on the concept of nutritional programming in mammals, we tested whether an acute hyperglucidic–hypoproteic stimulus during first feeding could induce long-term changes in nutrient metabolism in rainbow trout. Trout alevins received during the five first days of exogenous feeding either a hyperglucidic (40% gelatinized starch + 20% glucose) and hypoproteic (20%) diet (VLP diet) or a high-protein (60%) glucose-free diet (HP diet, control). Following a common 105-day period on a commercial diet, both groups were then challenged (65 days) with a carbohydrate-rich diet (28%). Short- and long-term effects of the early stimuli were evaluated in terms of metabolic marker gene expressions and intestinal microbiota as initial gut colonisation is essential for regulating the development of the digestive system. In whole alevins (short term), diet VLP relative to HP rapidly increased gene expressions of glycolytic enzymes, while those involved in gluconeogenesis and amino acid catabolism decreased. However, none of these genes showed persistent molecular adaptation in the liver of challenged juveniles (long term). By contrast, muscle of challenged juveniles subjected previously to the VLP stimulus displayed downregulated expression of markers of glycolysis and glucose transport (not seen in the short term). These fish also had higher plasma glucose (9 h postprandial), suggesting impaired glucose homeostasis induced by the early stimulus. The early stimulus did not modify the expression of the analysed metabolism-related microRNAs, but had short- and long-term effects on intestinal fungi (not bacteria) profiles. In summary, our data show that a short hyperglucidic–hypoproteic stimulus during early life may have a long-term influence on muscle glucose metabolism and intestinal microbiota in trout.
Organizations and Innovation within the Biotechnology Industry in China: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
Authors: Wang Kai
Published: October 2014

This article explores the research patterns and organizational features within R&D sector in China's biotechnology industry, delineating the innovation in knowledge production and industrial development. The more recent development of China's biotechnology industry is briefly overviewed from an interdisciplinary perspective, whilst a set of salient features embodied by social actors are envisaged as have so far strongly shaped the market-based, commercially driven mode of scientific knowledge production in the R&D activities. Furthermore, this mode serves as a premise to the innovation of the interaction-network. The implications derived from this analytical work shed a new light upon policy-making both at the level of S&T governance and in the management practice in China's biotechnology industry.
Disciplining the Imagination
Authors: Harter Nathan
Published: October 2014

This essay applies one of the lessons from the lectures of James March on the necessity of imagination for understanding real-world phenomena such as the processes of innovation, despite the imagination's potential to ruin learning. A science of innovation depends on empirical studies from the past, yet it must capture those studies within stories. The essay concludes by encouraging scholars to examine the adequacy of those stories and consider enriching the storehouse of stories about processes of innovation from great works of literature.
Βιβλία Καθολικών και βιβλία Ορθοδόξων
Authors: Παπαδόπουλος Θωμάς Ι.
Published: October 2014

no abstract
Ιχνηλατήσεις Πολιτικής Οικονομίας στο χώρο του Νεοελληνικού Διαφωτισμού (Προσχέδιο δοκιμίου)
Authors: Αγγέλου Άλκης
Published: October 2014

no abstract
Η λογοκρισία που δεν έγινε
Authors: Αποστολόπουλος Δημήτρης Γ.
Published: October 2014

no abstract
Ευρετήριο
Authors: Μιχαηλάρης Παναγιώτης Δ.
Published: October 2014

no abstract
Ανέκδοτα στοιχεία για τον Καισάριο Δαπόντε από το χειρόγραφο Βυτίνας αριθ. 1
Authors: Κεχαγιόγλου Γιώργος
Published: October 2014

no abstract
Τα Σούτσεια. Βιβλιογραφική συμβολή
Authors: Πολέμη Καλλιόπη
Published: October 2014

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Χρονικό
Authors: Eranistes Eranistes
Published: October 2014

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Notules Phanariotes II: encore l'exil de Jean Caradja à Genève
Authors: Pippidi Andrei
Published: October 2014

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Nicolas Mavrocordatos et l'«époque des tulipes»
Authors: Bouchard Jacques
Published: October 2014

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Correspondance commerciale d'Odessa: quelques renseignements sur l'activité des Grecs en Russie méridionale au XIXe siècle
Authors: Nicolopoulos Jean
Published: October 2014

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Η ελληνική επιστολογραφία του Αλεξάνδρου Μαυροκορδάτου του εξ απορρήτων. Προσθήκες και διορθώσεις
Authors: Αποστολόπουλος Δημήτρης Γ.
Published: October 2014

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Η ελληνική λογιοσύνη των παραδουναβίων ηγεμονιών στον φαναριώτικο αιώνα. Αλέξανδρος Αμηράς ο Σμυρναίος: Βιογραφικά και εργογραφικά
Authors: Καραθανάσης Αθ. Ε.
Published: October 2014

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Commercial activities of Korais in Amsterdam
Authors: Slot B. J.
Published: October 2014

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Άγνωστες μεταφράσεις Μεταστάσιου και πρωτότυπα στιχουργήματα. Ένα χειρόγραφο του 1785
Authors: Σπάθης Δημήτρης
Published: October 2014

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Βιβλία με συνδρομητές (1749-1821). Νέα στοιχεία
Authors: Ηλιού Φίλιππος
Published: October 2014

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Αθησαύριστα και αποθησαυρισμένα κείμενα του Σ. Α. Κουμανούδη
Authors: Δημαράς Κ. Θ.
Published: October 2014

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Ο Κόχραν, οι Ιωαννίτες και το Αιγαίο στα 1827
Authors: Αμπατζή Ευρυδίκη Α.
Published: October 2014

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Προσθήκες στην Ελληνική Βιβλιογραφία (1670-1861)
Authors: Σκλαβενίτης Τριαντάφυλλος Ε.
Published: October 2014

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La statistique de 1824-1825 des sujets étrangers en Moldavie et son importance démographique
Authors: Maries Stela
Published: October 2014

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Γερμανικές επιδράσεις στην ελληνική παιδεία. Ένα κεφάλαιο: Κωνσταντίνος Ασώπιος
Authors: Κοντιάδη Ελένη Ι.
Published: October 2014

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Οπισθοσέλιδα
Authors: Eranistes Eranistes
Published: October 2014

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Το Αραβικόν Μυθολογικόν του 1792
Authors: Κεχαγιόγλου Γιώργος
Published: October 2014

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Η δολοφονία του κυβερνήτη Ιωάννη Καποδίστρια
Authors: Κρεμμυδάς Βασίλης
Published: October 2014

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An overview of body sculpting in medical aesthetic practice using cryolipolysis
Authors: Loughran Esther
Published: October 2014

Aesthetic medicine is growing with tremendous interest in non-surgical facial procedures, such as injectable dermal fillers and neurotoxins. As patients seek facial procedures with no downtime or anaesthesia risks, there is also a growing demand for non-surgical body contouring. Various non-surgical body sculpting technologies are available to aesthetic practitioners, and cryolipolysis is the most well established. Cryolipolysis takes advantage of the inherent susceptibility of adipocytes to cold injury, delivering controlled cooling to damage subcutaneous fat while leaving surrounding structures unharmed. Cryolipolysis can be used to treat various anatomical areas with a range of vacuum applicators to draw in fat or a surface applicator for treating non-pinchable areas, such as ‘saddlebags’ on the outer thighs. As the treatment area is numbed by the cold, patients are able to rest comfortably during the procedure and nurses can provide other treatments such as injectables. Cryolipolysis is safe and effective with high patient-satisfaction and tolerability rates.
Beaches and botulinum toxin in Spain, but no aesthetic nurses ‘as such’
Authors: Mendes Aysha
Published: October 2014

With both surgical and non-surgical cosmetic procedures on the rise worldwide, aesthetic nursing is becoming an increasingly popular profession. In this new series, Aysha Mendes examines aesthetic nursing practices and cultural perceptions of beauty across the globe by focusing on a different country every month. This issue focuses on medical aesthetic procedures and regulation in Spain
A multidisciplinary team approach to two-stage revision for the infected hip replacement
Authors: Ibrahim M. S. , Raja S. , Khan M. A. , Haddad F. S.
Published: October 2014

We report the five year outcomes of a two-stage approach for infected total hip replacement. This is a single-surgeon experience at a tertiary centre where the more straightforward cases are treated using single-stage exchange. This study highlights the vital role of the multidisciplinary team in managing these cases.

A total of 125 patients (51 male, 74 female) with a mean age of 68 years (42 to 78) were reviewed prospectively. Functional status was assessed using the Harris hip score (HHS). The mean HHS improved from 38 (6 to 78.5) pre-operatively to 81.2 (33 to 98) post-operatively. Staphylococcus species were isolated in 85 patients (68%).

The rate of control of infection was 96% at five years. In all, 19 patients died during the period of the study. This represented a one year mortality of 0.8% and an overall mortality of 15.2% at five years. No patients were lost to follow-up.

We report excellent control of infection in a series of complex patients and infections using a two-stage revision protocol supported by a multidisciplinary approach. The reason for the high rate of mortality in these patients is not known.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1312–18
The outcome of resection of the distal ulna for tumour without soft-tissue or prosthetic reconstruction
Authors: Dhinsa B. S. , Gregory J. J. , Nawabi D. H. , Khan S. , Pollock R. , Aston W. J. , Skinner J. A. , Briggs T. W. R.
Published: October 2014

In patients with a tumour affecting the distal ulna it is difficult to preserve the function of the wrist following extensive local resection. We report the outcome of 12 patients (nine female, three male) who underwent excision of the distal ulna without local soft-tissue reconstruction. In six patients, an aggressive benign tumour was present and six had a malignant tumour. At a mean follow-up of 64 months (15 to 132) the mean Musculoskeletal Tumour score was 64% (40% to 93%) and the mean DASH score was 35 (10 to 80). The radiological appearances were satisfactory in most patients. Local recurrence occurred in one patient with benign disease and two with malignant disease. The functional outcome was thus satisfactory at a mean follow-up in excess of five years, with a relatively low rate of complications. The authors conclude that complex reconstructive soft-tissue procedures may not be needed in these patients.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1392–5.
ESTRUTUTAS DE GOVERNANÇA NO SETOR DE TRANSPORTE RODOVIÁRIO DE CARGAS: O CASO DOS PORTOS SECOS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Sopeña Mauro Barcellos , Almeida Felipe
Published: October 2014

Este artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar as diferentes estruturas de governança determinadas pela presença dos custos de transação no setor de transporte rodoviário de cargas em dois importantes portos secos gaúchos, situados nos municípios de Uruguaiana e Santana do Livramento. Para tanto, o artigo analisa as diferentes estruturas de governança assumidas pelos agentes econômicos, tomando como base de investigação dados sobre a especificidade de ativos envolvidos nas transações.
Experiências de Consumo no Natal de Cidades do Interior de Minas Gerais
Authors: Pinto Marcelo de Rezende , Cruz Rafaela Costa
Published: October 2014

O Natal é considerado o maior evento de consumo do ano e, uma vez que está embasado em diversos e complexos comportamentos, rituais e símbolos, é um tema altamente atraente para os estudos do consumo. Assim, surgiu o interesse em empreender uma pesquisa empírica com o objetivo de se estudar as experiências de consumo relacionadas ao Natal em cidades do interior de Minas Gerais, com a proposta de investigar o consumo nessa importante data sob uma perspectiva regional brasileira. No plano teórico, julgou-se adequado incorporar um referencial já desenvolvido no tocante às experiências de consumo. Já no plano metodológico, desenvolveu-se uma investigação qualitativa. Foram realizados entrevistas e diários fotográficos, analisadas com Análise de Conteúdo e do Discurso. Os resultados parecem sugerir que o Natal representa um lugar simbólico-imaginário na experiência das pessoas, sendo um importante momento para se melhor compreensão dos atos de consumo, seus sujeitos e contextos.
EXTERNALIDADES POSITIVAS EM AGLOMERAÇÕES DE EMPRESAS: UM ESTUDO NO AGLOMERADO DE FUNDIÇÃO DA CIDADE DE CLÁUDIO/MG
Authors: Pugas Pâmella Gabriela Oliveira , Fernandes Renata dos Santos
Published: October 2014

A teoria aponta que a associação entre empresas, particularmente entre as espacialmente aglomeradas, favorece o desenvolvimento regional, gerando externalidades tanto positivas quanto negativas. Nesse sentido, focando as externalidades positivas presentes em aglomerações, o objetivo deste artigo foi verificar a existência de externalidades positivas em um aglomerado de fundição, bem como a intensidade de tais externalidades. Para atender a tal objetivo, utilizou-se da estatística descritiva, por meio de frequências, análise de médias e cruzamento de dados. Os resultados mostram que algumas externalidades, mesmo presentes, ainda não conseguem conferir uma maior competitividade para as empresas da região. Porém, ações podem ser desenvolvidas para melhorar os benefícios proporcionados pelo aglomerado, atraindo empresas e investimentos.
METACOGNIÇÃO E EMPREENDEDORISMO: SER EMPREENDEDOR INFLUENCIA ATITUDES METACOGNITIVAS?
Authors: Lima Filho Raimundo Nonato , Bruni Adriano Leal
Published: October 2014

Este artigo analisou como sujeitos empreendedores demonstram suas posturas metacognitivas, comparando-os com “não-empreendedores”. A survey envolveu 271 empreendedores e 787 não-empreendedores. A hipótese testada assumiu que a metacognição seria positivamente relacionada com o perfil empreendedor de um indivíduo. Resultados de modelo de equações estruturais apontaram que a metacognição é positivamente relacionada com o perfil empreendedor de um indivíduo, indicando que um sujeito empreendedor apresenta um nível metacognitivo superior em relação àqueles que não são empreendedores. A contribuição desta pesquisa está em destacar a importância que envolve a metacognição e o empreendedorismo, indicando quais as possíveis excepcionalidades que possuem um indivíduo empreendedor e quais os caminhos para desenvolver a capacidade de pensar sobre nossos próprios pensamentos. Este estudo também possui o intuito de inaugurar uma linha de pesquisa ainda inédita no contexto nacional evidenciando a importância que envolve a metacognição e o empreendedorismo, para que o seu amadurecimento possa apresentar ainda mais resultados que contribuam para o desenvolvimento de todos os atores envolvidos neste contexto.
Acesso à Educação Superior e Desenvolvimento Regional: Como esses construtos se relacionam?
Authors: Souza Donizeti Leandro de , Castro Junior Luiz Gonzaga de , Ferrugini Lílian , Medeiros Natália Carolina Duarte de
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a relação de simetria entre os níveis de acesso à educação superior com o desenvolvimento regional. Como procedimento metodológico, realizou-se um estudo empírico nos 853 municípios de Minas Gerais, por meio do modelo estatístico de regressão múltipla, com o propósito de analisar a existência de correlações entre variáveis ligadas à educação superior com indicadores de crescimento econômico, mensurados através de taxas de empreendedorismo, níveis de desemprego e produto interno bruto municipal. Os resultados apresentam forte simetria entre acesso à educação superior com aumentos nos níveis de desenvolvimento econômico municipal, sendo o sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) uma importante estratégia de política pública, capaz de ampliar o acesso à educação superior e, consequentemente, estimular o desenvolvimento municipal.