bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is the Glycoprotein Responsible for the Differences in Dispersal Rates between Lettuce Necrotic Yellows Virus Subgroups?
Authors: Prabowo Eko Y. , Valmonte-Cortes Gardette R. , Darling Toni Louise , Buckley Elizabeth , Duxbury Mark , Seale Brent , Higgins Colleen M.
Published: July 2022

Lettuce necrotic yellows virus is a type of species in the Cytorhabdovirus genus and appears to be endemic to Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). The population of lettuce necrotic yellows virus (LNYV) is made up of two subgroups, SI and SII. Previous studies demonstrated that SII appears to be outcompeting SI and suggested that SII may have greater vector transmission efficiency and/or higher replication rate in its host plant or insect vector. Rhabdovirus glycoproteins are important for virus–insect interactions. Here, we present an analysis of LNYV glycoprotein sequences to identify key features and variations that may cause SII to interact with its aphid vector with greater efficiency than SI. Phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein sequences from NZ isolates confirmed the existence of two subgroups within the NZ LNYV population, while predicted 3D structures revealed the LNYV glycoproteins have domain architectures similar to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV). Importantly, changing amino acids at positions 244 and 247 of the post-fusion form of the LNYV glycoprotein altered the predicted structure of Domain III, glycosylation at N248 and the overall stability of the protein. These data support the glycoprotein as having a role in the population differences of LNYV observed between Australia and New Zealand.
Epidemiology of Mosquito-Borne Viruses in Egypt: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fang Yuan , Khater Emad I. M. , Xue Jing-Bo , Ghallab Enas H. S. , Li Yuan-Yuan , Jiang Tian-Ge , Li Shi-Zhu
Published: July 2022

There are at least five common mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) recorded in Egypt, including dengue virus (DENV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), West Nile virus (WNV), Chikungunya virus, and Sindbis virus. Unexpected outbreaks caused by MBVs reflect the deficiencies of the MBV surveillance system in Egypt. This systematic review characterized the epidemiology of MBV prevalence in Egypt. Human, animal, and vector prevalence studies on MBVs in Egypt were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, and Bing Scholar, and 33 eligible studies were included for further analyses. The monophyletic characterization of the RVFV and WNV strains found in Egypt, which spans about half a century, suggests that both RVFV and WNV are widely transmitted in this nation. Moreover, the seropositive rates of DENV and WNV in hosts were on the rise in recent years, and spillover events of DENV and WNV to other countries from Egypt have been recorded. The common drawback for surveillance of MBVs in Egypt is the lack of seroprevalence studies on MBVs, especially in this century. It is necessary to evaluate endemic transmission risk, establish an early warning system for MBVs, and develop a sound joint system for medical care and public health for managing MBVs in Egypt.
Identification of a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated from Pigeons (Columbia livia) in Northeastern Brazil Using Next-Generation Genome Sequencing
Authors: Pereira Mylena Ribeiro , Machado Lais Ceschini , de Oliveira Carvalho Rodrigo Dias , de Lima Cavalcanti Thaise Yasmine Vasconcelos , da Silva Filho Givaldo Bom , de Sousa Lima Telma , Fonseca Silvio Miguel Castillo , de Assis Leite Souza Francisco , da Luz Wallau Gabriel , de Souza Mendonça Fábio , de Oliveira Franca Rafael Freitas
Published: July 2022

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), also known as avian paramyxoviruses 1 (APMV-1) is among the most important viruses infecting avian species. Given its widespread circulation, there is a high risk for the reintroduction of virulent strains into the domestic poultry industry, making the surveillance of wild and domestic birds a crucial process to appropriately respond to novel outbreaks. In the present study, we investigated an outbreak characterized by the identification of sick pigeons in a large municipality in Northeastern Brazil in 2018. The affected pigeons presented neurological signs, including motor incoordination, torticollis, and lethargy. Moribund birds were collected, and through a detailed histopathological analysis we identified severe lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis with perivascular cuffs and gliosis in the central nervous system, and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in the liver, kidney, and intestine. A total of five pigeons tested positive for NDV, as assessed by rRT-PCR targeted to the M gene. Laboratory virus isolation on Vero E6 cells confirmed infection, after the recovery of infectious NVD from brain and kidney tissues. We next characterized the isolated NDV/pigeon/PE-Brazil/MP003/2018 by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phylogenetic analysis grouped the virus with other NDV class II isolates from subgenotype VI.2.1.2, including two previous NDV isolates from Brazil in 2014 and 2019. The diversity of aminoacid residues at the fusion F protein cleavage site was analyzed identifying the motif RRQKR↓F, typical of virulent strains. Our results all highlight the importance of virus surveillance in wild and domestic birds, especially given the risk of zoonotic NDV.
Implications of the Actin Cytoskeleton on the Multi-Step Process of [PSI+] Prion Formation
Authors: Dorweiler Jane E. , Lyke Douglas R. , Lemoine Nathan P. , Guereca Samantha , Buchholz Hannah E. , Legan Emily R. , Radtke Claire M. , Manogaran Anita L.
Published: July 2022

Yeast prions are self-perpetuating misfolded proteins that are infectious. In yeast, [PSI+] is the prion form of the Sup35 protein. While the study of [PSI+] has revealed important cellular mechanisms that contribute to prion propagation, the underlying cellular factors that influence prion formation are not well understood. Prion formation has been described as a multi-step process involving both the initial nucleation and growth of aggregates, followed by the subsequent transmission of prion particles to daughter cells. Prior evidence suggests that actin plays a role in this multi-step process, but actin’s precise role is unclear. Here, we investigate how actin influences the cell’s ability to manage newly formed visible aggregates and how actin influences the transmission of newly formed aggregates to future generations. At early steps, using 3D time-lapse microscopy, several actin mutants, and Markov modeling, we find that the movement of newly formed aggregates is random and actin independent. At later steps, our prion induction studies provide evidence that the transmission of newly formed prion particles to daughter cells is limited by the actin cytoskeletal network. We suspect that this limitation is because actin is used to possibly retain prion particles in the mother cell.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of CMV or 2b-Deficient CMV-Infected dcl2dcl4 Reveals the Effects of Viral Infection on Symptom Induction in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Xu Qian , Shen Li , Jin Liying , Wang Meng , Chang Fenghan , Guo Zhongxin
Published: July 2022

Due to the impaired antiviral RNAi, the dcl2dcl4 (dcl2/4) mutant is highly susceptible to viruses deficient of the viral suppressor of the RNA silencing (VSR) contrast to wild-type Arabidopsis. It was found that more severe disease symptoms were induced in dcl2/4 infected with VSR-deficient CMV (CMV-Δ2b or CMV-2aTΔ2b) compared to wild-type Arabidopsis infected with intact CMV. In order to investigate the underlying mechanism, comparative transcriptome analysis was performed with Col-0 and dcl2/4 that were infected by CMV, CMV-Δ2b and CMV-2aTΔ2b, respectively. Our analysis showed that the systematic infection of CMV, CMV-Δ2b and CMV-2aTΔ2b could cause hypoxia response and reduce photosynthesis. Asymptomatic infections of CMV-Δ2b or CMV-2aTΔ2b in Columbia (Col-0) promoted the expression of cell division-related genes and suppressed the transcription of metabolism and acquired resistance genes. On the other hand, immunity and resistance genes were highly induced, but photosynthesis and polysaccharide metabolism-related genes were suppressed in diseased plants. More interestingly, cell wall reorganization was specifically caused in modestly diseased Col-0 infected by CMV and a strong activation of SA signaling were correspondingly induced in severely diseased dcl2/4 by CMV or CMV mutants. Thus, our research revealed the nature of the Arabidopsis–CMV interaction at the transcriptome level and could provide new clues in symptom development and antiviral defense in plants.
Manipulation of the Host Cytoskeleton by Viruses: Insights and Mechanisms
Authors: Seo Dahee , Gammon Don
Published: July 2022

The eukaryotic cytoskeleton comprises a network of actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments that not only provide mechanical support to maintain cell morphology but also serve many other critical roles in cell motility, division, and intracellular transport of cargo such as vesicles and organelles [...]
Into the Dark: Exploring the Deep Ocean with Single-Virus Genomics
Authors: Martinez-Hernandez Francisco , Fornas Oscar , Martinez-Garcia Manuel
Published: July 2022

Single-virus genomics (SVGs) has been successfully applied to ocean surface samples allowing the discovery of widespread dominant viruses overlooked for years by metagenomics, such as the uncultured virus vSAG 37-F6 infecting the ubiquitous Pelagibacter spp. In SVGs, one uncultured virus at a time is sorted from the environmental sample, whole-genome amplified, and sequenced. Here, we have applied SVGs to deep-ocean samples (200–4000 m depth) from global Malaspina and MEDIMAX expeditions, demonstrating the feasibility of this method in deep-ocean samples. A total of 1328 virus-like particles were sorted from the North Atlantic Ocean, the deep Mediterranean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). For this proof of concept, sixty single viruses were selected at random for sequencing. Genome annotation identified 27 of these genomes as bona fide viruses, and detected three auxiliary metabolic genes involved in nucleotide biosynthesis and sugar metabolism. Massive protein profile analysis confirmed that these viruses represented novel viral groups not present in databases. Although they were not previously assembled by viromics, global fragment recruitment analysis showed a conserved profile of relative abundance of these viruses in all analyzed samples spanning different oceans. Altogether, these results reveal the feasibility in using SVGs in this vast environment to unveil the genomes of relevant viruses.
Detection of Gyrovirus galga 1 in Cryopreserved Organs from Two Commercial Broiler Flocks in Japan
Authors: Mase Masaji , Yamamoto Yu , Iseki Hiroshi , Tanikawa Taichiro , Kurokawa Aoi
Published: July 2022

Gyrovirus galga 1 (GyVg1, previously recognized as avian gyrovirus 2), which was first reported in chicken in 2011, is a new member of the genus Gyrovirus. The presence of GyVg1 has also been confirmed in different regions of Europe, South America, Africa, and Asia, indicating its global distribution. However, because there are no reports of examining the distribution of GyVg1 in animals in Japan, the epidemiology of this virus is unknown. In this study, we attempted to retrospectively detect GyVg1 in cryopreserved chicken materials derived from different two commercial broiler flocks in 1997. The GyVg1 genome was detected in organ materials derived from both flocks by PCR. GyVg1 detected in both flocks was classified into four genetic groups by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the detected PCR products. These results suggest that diverse GyVg1 strains were present in commercial chicken flocks as early as 1997 in Japan.
Evidence of Maternal Antibodies Elicited by COVID-19 Vaccination in Amniotic Fluid: Report of Two Cases in Italy
Authors: Colavita Francesca , Oliva Alessandra , Bettini Aurora , Antinori Andrea , Girardi Enrico , Castilletti Concetta , Vaia Francesco , Liuzzi Giuseppina
Published: July 2022

With SARS-CoV-2 infection, pregnant women may be at a high risk of severe disease and adverse perinatal outcomes. A COVID-19 vaccination campaign represents the key strategy to combat the pandemic; however, public acceptance of maternal immunization has to be improved, which may be achieved by highlighting the promising mechanism of passive immunity as a strategy for protecting newborns against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We tested the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response following COVID-19 full-dose vaccination in the serum and amniotic fluid of two pregnant women who presented between April and June 2021, at the Center for the Treatment and Prevention of Infections in Pregnancy of the National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, for antenatal consultancy. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG was found in residual samples of amniotic fluid collected from both women at the 18th week of gestation (63 and 131 days after the second dose’s administration). Titers in amniotic fluid mirrored the levels detected in serum and were inversely linked to the time from vaccination. Our results suggest that antibodies elicited by COVID-19 vaccination can cross the placenta and reach the fetus; therefore, they may offer passive immunity at birth. It is critical to fully understand the kinetics of the maternal response to vaccination, the efficiency of IgG transfer, and the persistence of antibodies in infants to optimize maternal immunization regimens.
African Swine Fever Virus Manipulates the Cell Cycle of G0-Infected Cells to Access Cellular Nucleotides
Authors: Avagyan Hranush R. , Hakobyan Sona A. , Poghosyan Arpine A. , Bayramyan Nane V. , Arzumanyan Hranush H. , Abroyan Liana O. , Avetisyan Aida S. , Hakobyan Lina A. , Karalova Elena M. , Karalyan Zaven A.
Published: July 2022

African swine fever virus manipulates the cell cycle of infected G0 cells by inducing its progression via unblocking cells from the G0 to S phase and then arresting them in the G2 phase. DNA synthesis in infected alveolar macrophages starts at 10–12 h post infection. DNA synthesis in the nuclei of G0 cells is preceded by the activation of the viral genes K196R, A240L, E165R, F334L, F778R, and R298L involved in the synthesis of nucleotides and the regulation of the cell cycle. The activation of these genes in actively replicating cells begins later and is less pronounced. The subsequent cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase is also due to the cessation of the synthesis of cellular factors that control the progression of the cell cycle–cyclins. This data describes the manipulation of the cell cycle by the virus to gain access to the nucleotides synthesized by the cell. The genes affecting the cell cycle simply remain disabled until the beginning of cellular DNA synthesis (8–9 hpi). The genes responsible for the synthesis of nucleotides are turned on later in the presence of nucleotides and their transcriptional activity is lower than that during virus replication in an environment without nucleotides.
Trends in Varicella Burden of Disease Following Introduction of Routine Childhood Varicella Vaccination in Argentina: A 12-Year Time Series Analysis
Authors: Giglio Norberto , Lasalvia Pieralessandro , Pawaskar Manjiri , Parellada Cintia I. , Rojas Yaneth Gil , Micone Paula , Babic Virginia V. , Neyro Silvina E.
Published: July 2022

One-dose universal varicella vaccination (UVV) was introduced in the Argentinian National Immunization Program in July 2015. This study examined the impact of one-dose UVV on varicella incidence and mortality in Argentina. Incidence and mortality data were obtained from official databases for pre-UVV (January 2008–June 2015) and post-UVV (July 2015–December 2019) periods. Time series analyses with autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modeling predicted varicella incidence and mortality in absence of UVV in the target (aged 1–4 years) and overall population. Predicted and observed values post-UVV were compared to estimate UVV impact. Mean annual incidence rates per 100,000 reduced from 1999 (pre-UVV) to 1122 (post-UVV) in the target population and from 178 to 154 in the overall population. Significant declines in incidence were observed, reaching reductions of 83.9% (95% prediction interval [PI]: 58.9, 90.0) and 69.1% (95% PI: 23.6, 80.7) in the target and overall populations, respectively, during peak months (September-November) post-UVV. Decreasing trends in mortality rate from 0.4 to 0.2 per 1,000,000 population were observed. Over the last four years, one-dose UVV has significantly reduced varicella burden of disease in Argentina. Continuous efforts to improve vaccination coverage rates and long-term follow-up are needed to better understand the benefits of the UVV program.
High SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Rapid Neutralizing Antibody Decline among Agricultural Workers in Rural Guatemala, June 2020–March 2021
Authors: Iwamoto Chelsea , Lesteberg Kelsey E. , Lamb Molly M. , Calvimontes Diva M. , Guo Kejun , Barrett Bradley S. , Mickens Kaylee L. , Duca Lindsey M. , Monzon Jose , Chard Anna N. , Guzman Gerber , Barrios Edgar , Rojop Neudy , Arias Kareen , Gomez Melissa , Paiz Claudia , Bolanos Guillermo Antonio , Edwards Kathryn M. , Zielinski Gutierrez Emily , Azziz-Baumgartner Eduardo , Asturias Edwin J. , Santiago Mario L. , Beckham J. David , Olson Daniel
Published: July 2022

Essential agricultural workers work under occupational conditions that may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and transmission. Data from an agricultural worker cohort in Guatemala, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG (anti-N IgG) testing were used to estimate past infections and analyze risk factors associated with seropositivity at enrollment and association with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The stability of neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses were assessed in a subset of participants. The adjusted relative risk (aRR) for seroprevalence at enrollment was estimated accounting for correlations within worksites. At enrollment, 616 (46.2%) of 1334 (93.2%) participants had anti-N IgG results indicating prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. A cough ≤ 10 days prior to enrollment (aRR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.13–1.46) and working as a packer (aRR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.67–2.38) or packing manager within the plants (aRR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.36–2.43) were associated with increased risk of seropositivity. COVID-19 incidence density among seronegative workers was 2.3/100 Person-Years (P-Y), higher than seropositive workers (0.4/100 P-Y). Most workers with follow-up NAb testing (65/77, 84%) exhibited a 95% average decrease in NAb titers in <6 months. While participants seropositive at baseline were less likely to experience a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during follow-up, NAb titers rapidly waned, underscoring the need for multipronged COVID-19 prevention strategies in the workplace, including vaccination.
Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Have a Very High Risk of Ineffective Response to the BNT162b2 Vaccine
Authors: Galitzia Andrea , Barabino Luca , Murru Roberta , Caocci Giovanni , Greco Marianna , Angioni Giancarlo , Mulas Olga , Oppi Sara , Massidda Stefania , Costa Alessandro , La Nasa Giorgio
Published: July 2022

Patients with CLL have high rates of either severe disease or death from COVID-19 and a low response rate after COVID-19 vaccination has been reported. We conducted a single-center study with the main objective to evaluate the immunogenicity of the BNT1162b2 mRNA vaccines in 42 patients affected by CLL with the assessment of antibody response after the second and the third dose. After the second dose of vaccine, 13 patients (30%) showed an antibody response. The presence of hypogammaglobulinemia and the use of steroids or IVIG were the main factors associated with poor response. After the third dose, 5/27 (18%) patients showed an antibody response while in non-responders to the second dose, only 1 patient (4%) showed an elicitation of the immune response by the third dose, with no statistically significant difference. Our data, despite the small size of our cohort, demonstrate that patients with CLL have a low rate of effective response to the BNT162b2 vaccine. However, the effective role of a subsequent dose is still unclear, highlighting the need for alternative methods of immunization in this particularly fragile group of patients.
Enabling Factors, Barriers, and Perceptions of Pneumococcal Vaccination Strategy Implementation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Huang Junjie , Mak Fung-Yu , Wong Yuet-Yan , Ko Samantha , Chong Marc K. C. , Wang Zixin , Hon Kam-Lun , Wong Eliza L. Y. , Yeoh Eng-Kiong , Wong Martin C. S.
Published: July 2022

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, particularly in the elderly population. With the implementation of the Government Vaccination Programme (GVP) and the Vaccination Subsidy Scheme (VSS), enabling factors and barriers in service provider scheme participation and vaccination uptake were examined in 32 interviews with doctors and 16 interviews with vaccine recipients. Interview data were analysed in NVivo 11.0 with reference to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the REAIM Framework to develop codes and themes. Barriers to pneumococcal vaccination uptake included concerns on vaccine efficacy and poor understanding of the disease and vaccine schemes, whilst service provider participation was hindered by ill-defined parameters for patient eligibility and time, location, and logistical constraints. Enabling factors to improve intervention implementation were involvement of the government and physicians to encourage participation, clarifying eligibility criteria, and improving individual knowledge of IPD and vaccination schemes. As participation rates in the GVP and VSS remains low in Hong Kong, efforts concentrating on health promotion strategies encouraging pneumococcal vaccination amongst the elderly population are recommended.
Molecular Survey on A, B, C and New Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) Subtypes in Wild Birds of Northern-Central Italy
Authors: Tucciarone Claudia Maria , Franzo Giovanni , Legnardi Matteo , Pasotto Daniela , Lupini Caterina , Catelli Elena , Quaglia Giulia , Graziosi Giulia , Dal Molin Emanuela , Gobbo Federica , Cecchinato Mattia
Published: July 2022

Recent insights into the genetic and antigenic variability of avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), including the discovery of two new subtypes, have renewed interest in this virus. aMPV causes a well-known respiratory disease in poultry. Domestic species show different susceptibility to aMPV subtypes, whereas sporadic detections in wild birds have revealed links between epidemiology and migration routes. To explore the epidemiology of aMPV in wild species, a molecular survey was conducted on samples that were collected from wild birds during avian influenza surveillance activity in Italy. The samples were screened in pools by multiplex real time RT-PCR assays in order to detect and differentiate subtypes A, B, C, and those that have been newly identified. All the birds were negative, except for a mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) that was positive for aMPV subtype C (sampled in Padua, in the Veneto region, in 2018). The sequencing of partial M and full G genes placed the strain in an intermediate position between European and Chinese clusters. The absence of subtypes A and B supports the negligible role of wild birds, whereas subtype C detection follows previous serological and molecular identifications in Italy. Subtype C circulation in domestic and wild populations emphasizes the importance of molecular test development and adoption to allow the prompt detection of this likely emerging subtype.
Characterization of the Expression of Angiogenic Factors in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Domestic Cats
Authors: Gudenschwager-Basso Erwin Kristobal , Stevenson Valentina , Sponenberg Dan Phillip , Cecere Thomas E. , Huckle William R.
Published: July 2022

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a common malignant skin cancer with a significant impact on health, and it is important to determine the degree of reliance of CSCC on angiogenesis for growth and metastasis. Major regulators of angiogenesis are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and their associated receptors. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing produces multiple isoforms of VEGF-A and PLGF with distinct biological properties. Several studies highlight the function of VEGF-A in CSCC, but there are no studies of the different isoforms of VEGF-A and PLGF for this neoplasm. We characterized the expression of three isoforms of VEGF-A, two isoforms of PLGF, and their receptors in cat CSCC biopsies compared to normal haired skin (NHS). Although our results revealed no significant changes in transcript levels of panVEGF-A or their isoforms, the mRNA levels of PLGF I and the receptors Flt-1 and KDR were downregulated in CSCC compared to NHS. Differences were observed in ligand:receptor mRNA expression ratio, with the expression of VEGF-A relative to its receptor KDR higher in CSCC, which is consistent with our hypothesis and prior human SCC studies. Immunolocalization in tissue showed increased expression of all measured factors and receptors in tumor cells compared to NHS and surrounding vasculature. We conclude that the factors measured may play a pivotal role in CSCC growth, although further studies are needed to clarify the role of angiogenic factors in feline CSCC.
The Longitudinal Assessment of Vascular Parameters of the Retina and Their Correlations with Systemic Characteristics in Type 2 Diabetes—A Pilot Study
Authors: Khan Rehana , Saha Sajib K , Frost Shaun , Kanagasingam Yogesan , Raman Rajiv
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to assess various retinal vessel parameters of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and their correlations with systemic factors in type 2 DM. A retrospective exploratory study in which 21 pairs of baseline and follow-up images of patients affected by DM were randomly chosen from the Sankara Nethralaya–Diabetic Retinopathy Study (SN DREAMS) I and II datasets. Patients’ fundus was photographed, and the diagnosis was made based on Klein classification. Vessel thickness parameters were generated using a web-based retinal vascular analysis platform called VASP. The thickness changes between the baseline and follow-up images were computed and normalized with the actual thicknesses of baseline images. The majority of parameters showed 10~20% changes over time. Vessel width in zone C for the second vein was significantly reduced from baseline to follow-up, which showed positive correlations with systolic blood pressure and serum high-density lipoproteins. Fractal dimension for all vessels in zones B and C and fractal dimension for vein in zones A, B and C showed a minimal increase from baseline to follow-up, which had a linear relationship with diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure, serum triglycerides (p < 0.05). Lacunarity for all vessels and veins in zones A, B and C showed a minimal decrease from baseline to follow-up which had a negative correlation with pulse pressure and positive correlation with serum triglycerides (p < 0.05). The vessel widths for the first and second arteries significantly increased from baseline to follow-up and had an association with high-density lipoproteins, glycated haemoglobin A1C, serum low-density lipoproteins and total serum cholesterol. The central reflex intensity ratio for the second artery was significantly decreased from baseline to follow-up, and positive correlations were noted with serum triglyceride, serum low-density lipoproteins and total serum cholesterol. The coefficients for branches in zones B and C artery and the junctional exponent deviation for the artery in zone A decreased from baseline to follow-up showed positive correlations with serum triglycerides, serum low-density lipoproteins and total serum cholesterol. Identifying early microvascular changes in diabetic patients will allow for earlier intervention, improve visual outcomes and prevent vision loss.
An Evaluation of À Trous-Based Record Extension Techniques for Water Quality Record Extension
Authors: Anwar Samah , Khalil Bahaa , Seddik Mohamed , Eltahan Abdelhamid , Saadi Aiman El
Published: July 2022

Hydrological data in general and water quality (WQ) data in particular frequently suffer from missing records and/or short-gauged monitoring/sampling sites. Many statistical regression techniques are employed to substitute missing values or to extend records at short-gauged sites, such as the Kendall-Theil robust line (KTRL), its modified version (KTRL2), ordinary least squares regression (OLS), four MOVE techniques, and the robust line of organic correlation (RLOC). In this study, in aspiring to achieve better accuracy and precision, the À Trous-Haar wavelet transform (WT) was adopted as a data denoising preprocessing step prior to applying record extension techniques. An empirical study was performed using real WQ data, from the National WQ monitoring network in the Nile Delta in Egypt, to evaluate the performance of these eight record-extension techniques with and without the WT data preprocessing step. Evaluations included the accuracy and precision of the techniques when used for the restoration of WQ missing values and for the extension of the WQ short-gauged variable. The results indicated that for the restoration of missing values, the KTRL and WT-KTRL outperformed other techniques. However, for the extension of short-gauged variables, WT-KTRL2, WT-MOVE3, and WT-MOVE4 techniques showed more accurate and precise results compared with both other techniques and their counterparts without the WT.
Effects of Groin Type and Bed Properties on Flow in Groin Fields: Comparison of Fixed- and Mobile-Bed Experiments
Authors: Xu Jianqiang , Xue Yang , Huang Senjun , Zhang Liyuan , Zhang Faxing
Published: July 2022

Groin type and vegetation in groin fields directly affect flow field, bank protection, and river evolution. Many studies focus on fixed-bed contexts, but there are few studies on the influence of riverbed changes on hydrodynamic characteristics around groins. In this study, three types of groins are investigated experimentally in fixed and mobile beds in terms of time-averaged flow characteristics, turbulence characteristics, and bed changes. In both fixed- and mobile-bed experiments, vegetation reduced erosion of the groin field and main stream. Compared with the fixed-bed experiment, the velocity in the main stream was decreased in the mobile-bed experiment, and the longitudinal turbulence intensity and lateral momentum exchange were increased. In this study, an improved three-dimensional groin group (upstream wing submerged T-shaped groin group) produced a lower sediment scouring capacity, average scour depth, and entrainment coefficient k than I-shaped and T-shaped groin groups.
Suspended Matter and Hydrocarbons Fluxes in the Kara and Laptev Seas
Authors: Koltovskaya E. V. , Nemirovskaya I. A.
Published: July 2022

The distribution of suspended particulate matter (SPM) by filtration and the magnitude of its fluxs using sediment traps in the Kara and Laptev Seas (cruise 72 of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, August–September 2018) was studied. The composition of the SPM was determined by the material composition using an electron microscope, the organic component (Corg and hydrocarbons) and the inorganic component (amorphous silica and calcium carbonate). It was found that the SPM content in surface waters varied from 0.2 to 5.9 mg/L (on average 0.90 mg/L) with a maximum in the Blagopolychia Bay and aliphatic hydrocarbons from 10 to 49 µg/L (average 22 µg/L) with a maximum in the area of the removals of the river Ob. The SPM flux decreased from the surface to the near-bottom horizon only into the Blagopolychia Bay (from 13,127 to 11,900 mg/m2/day), but in most samples the flux increased in the near-bottom horizon with a maximum of 6920 mg/m2/day in the Ob’s discharge water area and correlated with the maximum of the Corg flux 695 mg/m2/day. In the composition of SPM, as well as in organic compounds, including hydrocarbons, allochthonous basically prevailed over autochthonous.
Topic identification from news blog in Spanish language
Authors: Pacheco-Guevara Lizbeth , Reátegui Ruth , Valdiviezo-Díaz Priscila
Published: July 2022

Currently exist a large amount of news in a digital format that need to be classified or labeled automatically according to their content.  LDA is an unsupervised technique that automatically creates topics based on words in documents. The present work aims to apply LDA in order to analyze and extract topic from digital news in Spanish language. A total of 198 digital news was collected from a university news blog. A data pre-processing and representation in vector spaces was carried out and k values were selected based on coherence metric. A TF_IDF matrix and a combination of unigrams and bigrams produce topics with a variety of terms and topics related to university activities like study programs, research, projects for innovation and social responsibility. Furthermore, with the manual validation process, terms in topics correspond with hashtags written by the communication professionals.
Micronutrientes antioxidantes en la ingesta alimentaria de estudiantes universitarios de Manta, Ecuador
Authors: Hernández-Gallardo Damaris , Arencibia-Moreno Ricardo , Bosques-Cotelo José José
Published: July 2022

La ingesta de micronutrientes antioxidantes favorece la salud, en correspondencia se asume como objetivo: evaluar la ingesta de micronutrientes antioxidantes en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ecuador. Se presenta una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal sobre 633 estudiantes, determinándose la ingesta de micronutrientes por recordatorio de 24 horas y cálculo de la disponibilidad de vitaminas y minerales antioxidantes. Los resultados muestran una disponibilidad de vitaminas E (7,06±5,34 mg) y A (636,38±163,03 mg) en cantidades inferiores a las recomendadas. El consumo de la C excede las referencias de uso. Respecto a minerales la ingestión de zinc (9,68±1,43 mg) y selenio (4,39±1,34) es insuficiente para el primero y muy superior en el caso del segundo. La adecuación manifestó una polarización entre sexos, los hombres se encuentran en peor situación que las mujeres de acuerdo al porcentaje de deficientes, mientras que estas los superan en la cantidad de individuos con exceso de consumo. Se concluye que las deficiencias en el consumo de vitaminas y minerales muestran la existencia de hambre oculta vinculada a la ingesta de micronutrientes antioxidantes, condición de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades no transmisibles de mantenerse por un largo período de tiempo.
Infecciones respiratorias agudas en niños menores de 5 años del Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos
Authors: Callejas de Valero Diana , Pilay Chávez Dennise , Moreira Vice Ruth , Urdaneta Johan Smil , Robles Robles Diana
Published: July 2022

Se caracterizó la epidemiología de las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) en niños menores de 5 años del Hospital “Dr. Verdi Cevallos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de carácter retrospectivo y corte transversal, durante el periodo enero-mayo de 2021. La población del estudio correspondió a 45 niños menores de 5 años diagnosticados como positivos IRA. La investigación se realizó recopilando información obtenida de las historias clínicas en la población de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el 60% de los niños con IRA eran menores de 12 meses. El 73% es de procedencia rural y todos se enfermaron en época de invierno. El 71% (32 casos) de los agentes infecciosos causantes de IRA no se encontraban identificado. El agente etiológico más frecuente fue el virus respiratorio sincitial (15,56%), seguido de Streptococcus pneumoniae (13,33%). La bronquiolitis estuvo presente en niños menores de un año y menores de 3 años en un 51,85% y 25% respectivamente. La neumonía prevaleció en los niños menores de 3 y 5 años con un 66,67% respectivamente. Se concluye que las IRA en la población estudiada estuvo relacionada con la edad, estacionalidad y cuadro clínico preexistente.
Palabras clave: Virus; patogenicidad; epidemiología; enfermedades infecciosas.
FIGURAS TÁTEIS NO ENSINO DE CITOLOGIA A PARTIR DAS HISTÓRIAS DE VIDA DE PROFESSORAS BRAILISTAS
Authors: Viana Rinaldo da Silva , Ribeiro  Ernani Nunes , Silva Edson Hely
Published: July 2022

O artigo buscou discutir as contribuições da experiência tátil com a construção e utilização de gravuras ou figuras táteis, no ensino de Biologia, voltadas para estudantes com deficiência visual. Realizamos uma abordagem interdisciplinar entre Metodologia da História e a Biologia por meio de História Oral/História de vida, na qual professoras, mediante entrevistas realizadas pelo pesquisador, relataram sobre a vida profissional e ensinaram ao pesquisador a técnica da experiência tátil. A partir das transcrições dos relatos das docentes e após analisar os retratos sociológicos e os referenciais literários, foram construídas orientações sobre quais materiais utilizar e as técnicas acerca da confecção e utilização de figuras táteis no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da pessoa com deficiência visual para a formação de imagens mentais com o uso do sistema háptico, que se tornam mais eficazes com o auxílio da audiodescrição. Assim como práticas que contribuíram para a elevação do nível de escolaridade, da ascensão profissional, maximizando processos de inclusão e autonomia de estudantes com algum tipo de deficiência visual.
SER ESTUDANTE: UMA VISÃO CRÍTICA DAS HABILIDADES SOCIOEMOCIONAIS
Authors: Peralta Ana Laura Brasil , Santos Soraya Vieira
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho foi realizado no contexto de reorganização das escolas no Ensino Remoto Emergencial, mediante a análise documental e bibliográfica, com estudo, fichamento e elaboração conceitual dos temas investigados de videoaulas do projeto Emocionário, desenvolvido pela Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Goiás em parceria com o SEBRAE/GO para o desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais em alunos(as) do Ensino fundamental. Com objetivo de discutir o que se espera dos(as) estudantes no âmbito do Emocionário, a análise ocorreu a partir de uma ficha contendo itens de identificação e de conteúdo sobre dezessete vídeos produzidos para os alunos. A discussão no que se refere ao desenvolvimento afetivo das crianças e adolescentes foi pautada na psicogenética walloniana e em outros estudos fundamentados na psicologia histórico-cultural. Os resultados indicam que o programa parte de uma concepção mercadológica de indivíduo e de educação, visando docilização dos(as) alunos(as) de acordo com o modelo capitalista de produção. Além disso, é esperado que os(as) estudantes assumam o lugar de máquinas, ou seja, adaptados e passivos e rejeitem uma série de experiências que fazem parte do desenvolvimento e das vivências especialmente humanas. Assim, o projeto tende a obscurecer a possibilidade de transformação inerente à ação educativa, em virtude da ênfase em processos individualizantes.
Oyunun Sakalı Bitmek Deyimi ve Anlamları
Authors: KAYA Hasan
Published: July 2022

Deyimler ve kalıp yapılar konusunda Türkçenin zengin bir dil olduğu genel kabul görmüştür. Türkçenin bu deyim zenginliği geçmişten günümüze her edebî gelenekte karşılık bulmuştur. Bu geleneklerin en önemlilerinden biri de kuşkusuz klasik Türk edebiyatıdır. Klasik Türk edebiyatı şairleri şiirlerini mecaz, kinaye, tevriye, iham gibi pek çok sanata kapı aralayan deyimlerle yoğurmuş, bununla anlatımlarını daha etkili kılmışlardır. Klasik Türk edebiyatı geleneğinde bir dönemler kullanılan ve bugün kullanımdan düşmüş pek çok deyime tesadüf edilebilmektedir. Ayrıca bugün bildiğimiz ancak geçmişte bugünkünden farklı anlam özellikleri gösteren deyimlere de bu gelenekte tesadüf edilmektedir. Yine bazı deyimlerimizin bugün bilinmeyen maddi kültür unsurları ile ilgili kökenleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu yazıda bugün kullanılmayan ve anlamı konusunda genellikle eksiklikler görülen “oyunun sakalı bitmek” deyiminin anlam özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Deyimin “sakalı bitmek” şekline dair örnekler de verilmiş, bunun yanında özellikle deyimin çıkış noktası, gerçek hayatla bağlantısına dair çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Deyimin klasik Türk edebiyatı metinlerinin yanında masallarda da yer bulduğuna dikkat çekilmiştir.
Blood Service: Efficiency and Safety Improvement
Authors: Дашкевич Э.В. , Климкович Н.Н.
Published: July 2022

В статье рассмотрено совершенствование службы крови в направлении эффективности и безопасности. Предложены подходы к организации службы крови, управлению запасами и использованию информационных технологий в методических целях.

The article considers the improvement of the blood service in the direction of efficiency and safety. Approaches to the organization of the blood service, stock management and the use of information technology for methodological purposes are proposed.
Native English-speaking Teachers (NESTs) in the Minority: How Do Three NESTs at a University in Türkiye Perceive Their Professional Identities?
Authors: KESKİN Magdalena
Published: July 2022

This research paper explored the experiences of three NESTs working at a Turkish university dominated by local ELT practitioners. In-depth interviews with the participants combined with lesson observations were implemented with an aim to gain a deeper understanding into how their professional identities were affected by their working conditions and how they adapted to being the only native English-speaking teachers at their university. The findings showed that the participants’ sense of responsibility and pressure to fit an idealized model of a NEST negatively affected their professional identities. The participants devised several strategies to adapt to their working environment such as modifying cultural content to accommodate for their students' monocultural background. In addition, their working conditions hindered their ability to establish close ties with their professional community. Further studies in this area can implement a longitudinal design to explore how a similar working context affects the long-term development of NESTs’ professional identities.
Peningkatan Religiusitas melalui Kegiatan Keagamaan Bagi Siswa Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Wahyuni Indar
Published: July 2022

Remaja adalah masa aktualisasi diri, ingin mencoba hal baru, tidak ingin diatur, dan masa yang labil secara emosional. Pada masa seperti itu, remaja rentan dengan terjerumus dalam pergaulan yang tidak baik apabila tidak dididik dengan tepat. Pendampingan ini berusaha meningkatkan relegiusitas dengan melaksanakan kegiatan keagamaan pada siswa Madrasah Aliyah Mujahidin Bageng. Tujuannya adalah meningkatnya relegiusitas siswa melalui berbagai macam kegiatan keagamaan sehingga akan berdampak positif pada perilaku siswa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pendampingan ini menggunakan metode PAR (Participatory Action Research) yaitu sebuah metode dampingan yang bersama-sama dengan dampingan sebagi subyek bukan obyek sedangkan pendamping sebagai fasilitator. Denagn cara observasi, menyusun program kegiatan, pelaksanaan kegiatan, monitoring dan evaluasi, serta rencana tindak lanjut. Dari hasil pendampingan selama satu bulan melalui kegiatan tadarus Al-Qur’an, sholat dhuha berjama’ah, pengajian, dan ziarah kubur, nampak adanya peningkatan relegiusitas pada diri siswa dengan menjadi lebih disiplin, tepat waktu, sopan santun, tawadhu, dan mencium tangan guru ketika bersalaman. Hal demikian menjadikan generasi remaja yang religius serta menjadi pondasi penting dalam menjalani kehidupan di era digital.
Deep CNN Based Hybrid Model for Image Retrieval
Authors:   Research Scholar, Motherhood University, Roorkee  (Uttarakhand), India., Sharma Amit , Singh Dr. V.K. ,   Professor, Motherhood University, Roorkee  (Uttarakhand), India., Singh Dr. Pushpendra ,   Raj Kumar Goel Institute of Technology,  Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh), India.
Published: July 2022

The popularity of deep features based image retrieval and classification task has grown a lot in the recent years. Feature representation based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) found to be very effective in terms of accuracy by various researchers in the field of visual content based image retrieval. The features which are neutral to their domain knowledge with automatic learning capability from their images are in demand in various image applications. For improving accuracy and expressive power, pre-trained CNN models with the use of transfer learning can be utilized by training them on huge volume of datasets. In this paper, a hybrid model for image retrieval is being proposed by using pre-trained values of hyper parameters as input learning parameters. The performance of the model is being compared with existing pre-trained models showing higher performance on precision and recall parameters
Server Room Monitoring System using CCTV
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, R V College of Engineering, Bangalore (Karnataka), India., Hegde Mahesh Subray , Kumar P Dr. Ramakanth ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, R V College of Engineering, Bangalore (Karnataka), India.
Published: July 2022

Server Room is the main part when it comes to any organization since any malicious activity in the server room may bring down the whole server room bringing the work of organization to halt. Hence, we need a server room monitoring system which works on real time images and monitors using compressed circuit television (CCTV). The framework used for server room monitoring is YOLO (You Only look Once). YOLO employs Convolutional neural networks (CNN) for image processing. In CNN image must pass through different layers like Convolutional layer, pooling layer, ReLu layer and fully connected layer.
Professional Training in Higher Education: Technological Aspect
Authors:   Department of Service Technologies and Technological Education, Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Smirnova* Z. V. , Golubeva O.V. ,   Department of Service Technologies and Technological Education, Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Chaykina Z.V. ,   Department of Service Technologies and Technological Education, Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Gruzdeva M.L. ,   Department of Service Technologies and Technological Education, Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Cherney O.T. ,   Department of Service Technologies and Technological Education, Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

The development of science and technology offers new forms of communication, new types of resolution of abstract and specific tasks, turning the teacher from an authoritarian translator of ready-made ideas into an inspirer of intellectual and creative potential of students. The future of the system of training, which would fit into the scheme student – technology – teacher, in which the teacher does not turn into a teacher-methodologist, technologist, and the student becomes an active participant in the learning process.