bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construindo imaginários e memórias por meio da pintura La Revista de Santos de Juan Manuel Blanes
Authors: Fochesatto Cyanna Missaglia de
Published: October 2018

A presente pesquisa busca analisar uma pintura do artista uruguaio Juan Manuel Blanes. A pintura, intitulada La Revista de Santos, elaborada no ano de 1886, refere-se a uma encomenda que visava homenagear o então presidente militar do Uruguai, Máximo Santos. Nesse sentido, entende-se esta pintura como espaço de memória, representação e identidade nacional. Por meio dela tencionou-se representar os feitos de Máximo Santos exaltando não apenas sua imagem enquanto militar, mas, principalmente, seu governo. Não atoa foi retratado entre uma estátua equestre de Artigas, exposto na obra como elemento simbólico do herói da nação. Além dele, o quadro apresenta diversos outros militares da época, configurando um cenário de apoio político positivo para Santos. Contudo, almeja-se compreender a representação, a memória e os elementos simbólicos que foram intencionalmente construídos na tela, bem como o discurso que se pode investigar por meio da análise iconográfica.
Tempo e fotografia: sensibilidades entrecruzadas na cidade de Ouro Preto
Authors: Cunha Nara Rúbia de Carvalho , Oliveira Alexandre Augusto de
Published: October 2018

Este texto problematiza possibilidades de produção de conhecimentos históricos e educacionais com e sobre registros fotográficos no espaço urbano, considerando o tempo como elemento fundamental para a compreensão desse espaço. Toma- -se como mote uma investigação realizada em Ouro Preto (MG), em 2012, no bojo de uma oficina que teve como objetivo a sensibilização do olhar do sujeito para a cidade, muitas vezes tomada como objeto de contemplação cuja historicidade é sublimada. Nesse processo de reelaboração do olhar, a fotografia foi abordada como artefato cultural capaz de intervir na realidade e, portanto, o trabalho foi pautado na reflexão sobre os impactos da fotografia na percepção da cidade de Ouro Preto, tanto como promotora da diluição temporal quanto, num exercício de olhar a contrapelo, como reveladora de amálgamas de temporalidades múltiplas.
Landschaft = Labor. Reflexões em torno do Projeto Bonneville (2005- )
Authors: Monteiro Rosana Horio
Published: October 2018

Esse trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa em andamento que investiga o conceito de paisagem no trânsito entre a arte e a ciência, a partir do estudo de produções artísticas contemporâneas, tais como as desenvolvidas pelo artista austríaco Herwig Turk para “Laboratório Bonneville”. Nesse projeto o artista aborda as condições sob as quais o tempo e o espaço são percebidos dentro de uma paisagem de extremos, questionando a própria noção de paisagem. Herwig Turk constrói uma narrativa visual que procura rever a recepção de conceitos criados em torno da Land Art americana das décadas de 1960 e 1970. Para Turk, a paisagem revela as intrincadas genealogias e articulações do científico, suas interseções com a geografia cultural e a ecologia humana, as economias sociopolíticas e sua impressão na vida e no mundo.
Disposição geológica de rejeitos radioativos: diretrizes no contexto da proteção radiológica, requisitos e avaliação de segurança
Authors: Silva Corbiniano , Heilbron Filho Paulo Fernando Lavalle , Alves Rex Nazaré , Xavier Ana Maria , Heilbron Monica da Costa Pereira Lavalle , Valeriano Claudio de Morisson
Published: October 2018

Os rejeitos radioativos de alto nível e sua deposição final segura é um problema complexo e poucos países conseguiram dar uma solução adequada para os mesmos. Neste contexto, os repositórios geológicos apresentam-se como a única alternativa para a deposição definitiva desse tipo de passivo, cuja complexidade de seleção, construção, licenciamento ambiental, entre outros aspectos, são enormes. Os rejeitos de alto nível são gerados durante a fissão do urânio no combustível dos reatores provenientes das usinas nucleares. O combustível irradiado pode ainda ser reprocessado para a retirada de alguns produtos de fissão, como é o caso do césio-137, utilizado tanto na medicina quanto na indústria, quando então são chamados de rejeitos de alto nível. Atualmente, o Brasil não possui a parte do ciclo combustível que permitiria a retirada desses produtos de fissão e uma decisão precisa ser tomada, pois caso o combustível irradiado não seja reprocessado, o mesmo se torna um rejeito de alto nível. Os repositórios geológicos, segundo a International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), são considerados a principal e mais adequada solução para a deposição dos rejeitos radioativos de alto nível que permanecem perigosos por milhões de anos e precisam ser isolados completamente da biosfera. Portanto, este artigo, baseado em documentos da IAEA e da Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), aponta os principais aspectos que devem ser considerados para o licenciamento de depósitos geológicos, incluindo os aspectos de proteção radiológica mais importantes, os requisitos de avaliação de segurança necessários, além de outros aspectos que devem ser levados em consideração durante a seleção, planejamento, construção, operação e fechamento de um depósito geológico.
Nuclídeos cosmogênicos: uma análise sobre um século de pesquisa em geociências
Authors: Gomes Cristiane Heredia , Sperandio Diogo Gabriel , Dessart Rafael Lima
Published: October 2018

A língua portuguesa com mais de 20 anos de pesquisa em Nuclídes Cosmogênicos, ainda carece de literatura e bibliografias sobre o assunto em relação aos países de língua inglesa. No Brasil, estudos dedicados à pesquisa nessa área são raros e escassos. Assim, a Cosmocronologia na Ciência Brasileira é nova e quase desconhecida. Procurou-se realizar uma reconstrução histórica da pesquisa sobre nuclídeos cosmogênicos e suas implicações importantes nas Geociências, a fim de promover a discussão sobre as aplicações de nuclídeos cosmogênicos na ciência e sua história. Os nuclídeos cosmogênicos apresentam-se como uma ferramenta indispensável para o estudo, compreensão e determinação das taxas variacionais em função do tempo. Portanto, nas últimas décadas, a aplicação desses isótopos nos mais diversos ambientes geológicos, como ambientes costeiros, lacustres, glaciais, vulcânicos, tectônicos e extraterrestres tem sido explorada e compreendida.
The Effect of Accelerator Types on the Phosphated Zn-%12Ni Electrodeposite Coating
Authors: Alizadeh Hafez , Hanaei Amir , Heidarshenas Behzad , Shahbazkhan Armita , Ahmadi Naghi Parvini , Pakseresht Amirhossein
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of nitrate and nitrite on the weight, morphology and electrochemical properties of phosphated Zn-%12Ni electrodeposite coatings. In order to investigate the phase structure and surface morphology of samples, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were employed. Also, to measure the corrosion resistance behavior of the coats, Potentiostat/Galvanostat test was used. The results showed that nitrite accelerator reduces coating weight and surface porosity simultaneously obtaining by phosphate solution. Furthermore, coatings being obtained by the nitrite accelerator had a higher corrosion resistance than that of the nitrate accelerator.
DNA Aptamers for Functionalisation of DNA Origami Nanostructures
Authors: Sakai Yusuke , Islam Md. Sirajul , Adamiak Martyna , Shiu Simon Chi-Chin , Tanner Julian Alexander , Heddle Jonathan Gardiner
Published: October 2018

DNA origami has emerged in recent years as a powerful technique for designing and building 2D and 3D nanostructures. While the breadth of structures that have been produced is impressive, one of the remaining challenges, especially for DNA origami structures intended to carry out useful biomedical tasks in vivo, is to endow them with the ability to detect and respond to molecules of interest. Target molecules may be disease indicators or cell surface receptors, and the responses may include conformational changes leading to release of therapeutically relevant cargo. Nucleic acid aptamers are ideally suited to this task and are beginning to be used in DNA origami designs. In this review we consider examples of uses of DNA aptamers in DNA origami structures and summarise what is currently understood regarding aptamer-origami integration. We review three major roles for aptamers in such applications: protein immobilisation, triggering of structural transformation, and cell targeting. Finally, we consider future perspectives for DNA aptamer integration with DNA origami.
Antidiabetic and Renoprotective Effects of Acankoreagenin from the Leaves of Acanthopanax Gracilistylus in Streptozotocin-Induced Type I Diabetic Rats
Authors: Yang Yang , Lu Man-Xia , Zou Qin-Peng , Liu Xiang-Qian , Hwang Eun-Hee
Published: October 2018

This present study was designed to find out whether the acankoreagenin showed the antidiabetic and renoprotective effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. Type I diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (70 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, rats were euthanized and serum/plasma was separated for the determination of glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-peptide, biochemical parameters, and kidney function. One kidney was used for determining glutathione, superoxide dismutas, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. The other kidney and pancreas were used for histopathological studies and immunohistochemical measurement of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) or NF-κB. Acankoreagenin (2 mg/kg) treatments led to a significant reduction in blood glucose assessed via oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in diabetic rats at 2 h. The treatment also resulted in improved body weight, decreased HbA1c, restored lipid profile, and renal oxidative stress. By inhibiting NF-κB, the release of proinflammatory cytokines was suppressed and by inhibiting TGF-β, the renal fibrosis was suppressed in STZ-induced diabetic rat model. Histopathological injury was also observed in pancreatic and renal tissues. These findings support the beneficial effect of acankoreagenin treatment in DN, which could be attributed to its antidiabetic and renoprotective effects.
The Effectiveness of a Three-Temperature Heat Pump System
Authors: Stejskal Tomáš , Svetlík Jozef , Demeč Peter , Dovica Miroslav , Štofa Miroslav , Kováč Juraj
Published: October 2018

Three-temperature heating systems consist of a heat engine and a heat pump, enabling thus maximum usage of the primary thermal source for the heating of buildings. This analysis has revealed obvious advantages and disadvantages that the combining of thermodynamic systems has in future development, also with respect to environmental and economic issues. It appears that the combination of a Stirling engine or a similar heat drive with a heat pump is especially suitable. In order to analyze the effectiveness of such a system, a comprehensive calculation procedure is used: its basis lies in accounting for all types of energy and their relationship to the original natural resource. The present paper aims to point out that the combination of Stirling engine and a heat pump is a useful solution thanks to the most favorable resultant economic impact if compared to the usage of a diesel, four-stroke gas, or, most commonly used, electric drive.
Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
Authors: Sessa Giovanna , Carabelli Monica , Possenti Marco , Morelli Giorgio , Ruberti Ida
Published: October 2018

Plants have evolved two opposing strategies in response to competition for light: shade tolerance and shade avoidance. To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade avoidance response. Here, we describe recent advances in the understanding of photoperception and downstream signaling mechanisms underlying the shade avoidance response, focusing on Arabidopsis because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted in this model plant. Shade avoidance is an adaptive response, resulting in phenotypes with high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, it contributes to reduction in crop plant productivity, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade avoidance in a stage- and/or organ- specific manner in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade avoidance response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss similarity and differences with Arabidopsis.
A General Theorem on the Stability of a Class of Functional Equations including Quartic-Cubic-Quadratic-Additive Equations
Authors: Lee Yang-Hi , Jung Soon-Mo
Published: October 2018

We prove general stability theorems for $n$-dimensional quartic-cubic-quadratic-additive type functional equations of the form \begin{eqnarray*} \sum_{i=1}^\ell c_i f \big( a_{i1}x_1 + a_{i2}x_2 + \cdots + a_{in}x_n \big) = 0 \end{eqnarray*} by applying the direct method. These stability theorems can save us much trouble of proving the stability of relevant solutions repeatedly appearing in the stability problems for various functional equations.
Effect of the Application of an Innovative Program on Prevention of Falls in Seniors
Authors: Borysiuk Zbigniew , Pakosz Paweł , Konieczny Mariusz , Kręcisz Krzysztof
Published: October 2018

The results of this study offer a potential to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the falls in the elderly. The results were recorded for a group of 27 women in a control group (CON) and 16 women in an experimental group (EXP), aged 60-70. Participants took part in the six-weeks Elderly Recreation Movement Program (ERMP) with the difference, that the EXP group practiced twice as often as the CON group. The measurement of variations in the index called limits of stability (LOS) was performed by application of Kistler force plate and the coactivation index (CI) was registered by means of sEMG. The results demonstrate the existence of statistically significant differences in terms of the principal outcome of the exercise time in the measurements of LOS (F (1.42) = 10.0, p = 0.003), and CI (F (1.42) = 10.5, p = 0.002). The effect of the program was associated with an increase the level of the maximum LOS, and a decrease of the CI level, especially in the experimental group. Hence, the implementation of an innovative ERMP exercise program results in the improvement of the physical capabilities of senior subjects and a reduction of the risk of falls.
Diatoms Green Nanotechnology for Biosilica-Based Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Terracciano Monica , De Stefano Luca , Rea Ilaria
Published: October 2018

Diatom microalgae are the most outstanding natural source of porous silica. Diatom cell is enclosed in 3-D ordered nanopatterned silica cell wall, called frustule. The unique properties of diatoms frustule, including high specific surface area, thermal stability, biocompatibility, tailorable surface chemistry, make them really promising for biomedical applications. Moreover, diatoms are easy to cultivate in artificial environment and there is a huge availability of diatom frustules as fossil material (diatomite) in several areas of the world. For all these reasons, diatoms are an intriguing alternative to synthetic materials for the development of low-cost drug delivery systems. This review article focuses on the possible use of diatoms derived silica as drug carrier systems. The functionalization strategies of diatom micro-/nanoparticles for improving their biophysical properties, such as cellular internalization and drug loading/release kinetics, are described. In addition, the realization of hybrid diatom-based devices with advanced properties for theranostics and targeted or augmented drug delivery applications, are also discussed.
Detection of Key Organs in Tomato Based on Deep Migration Learning in Complex Background
Authors: Sun Jun , He Xiaofei , Ge Xiao , Wu Xiaohong , Shen Jifeng , Song Yingying
Published: October 2018

In the current natural environment, due to the complexity of the background and the high similarity of the color between immature green tomato and plant, the occlusion of the key organs (flower and fruit) by the leaves and stems will lead to low recognition rate and poor generalization of the detection model. Therefore, an improved tomato organ detection method based on convolutional neural network has been proposed in this paper. Based on the original Faster R-CNN algorithm, Resnet-50 with residual blocks was used to replace the traditional vgg16 feature extraction network, and K-means clustering method was used to adjust more appropriate anchor size than manual setting to improve detection accuracy. A variety of data augmentation techniques were used to train the network. The test results showed that compared with the traditional Faster R-CNN model, the mean average precision (mAP) of the optimal model was improved from 85.2% to 90.7%, the memory requirement decreased from 546.9MB to 115.9 MB, and the average detection time was shortened to 0.073S/sheet. As the performance greatly improved, the training model can be transplanted to the embedded system, which lays a theoretical foundation for the development of precise targeting pesticide application system and automatic picking device.
How Can the Gas Sector Contribute to a Climate-Neutral European Energy System? A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Lebelhuber Christian , Steinmüller Horst
Published: October 2018

Background: Mitigating climate change requires fundamentally redesigned energy systems where renewable energy sources replace fossil fuels such as natural gas by 2050. Just how exactly this renewable energy will be transported to end users and how supply and demand will be balanced are still subject to lively debate. In this context the gas sector underlines its capability to contribute and claims its role in the EU energy system beyond the age of the fossil fuel natural gas. But on which specific arguments is this claim based and which enabling factors need to be considered? Methods: We take a two-step approach: We begin with a theoretically guided review of studies from energy industry and academic sources to discuss pros and cons from a holistic energy system design point of view. We then enrich our review with the results of an empirical focus group process, which leads us to possible enabling factors for unlocking the contributions of the gas sector to a climate-neutral energy system exemplified for Austria. Results: Beyond the widely acknowledged potential of the gas infrastructure for balancing growing renewable electricity generation and demand, we find that renewable gas could be a means to transport renewable energy to end users, and that it could be done using existing infrastructure. This could reduce the costs for society, increase public acceptance and ultimately speed up the transition to a climate-neutral energy system. However, this hinges on a supportive regulatory framework for energy markets and usage and on optimized resource utilization across the society as enabling factors. Conclusion: Developing a climate-neutral EU energy system will mean investing large amounts of money and completely overhauling our current system. The entire energy supply chain across various energy vectors must be optimized. This will require a technology-neutral and holistic approach. The regulatory framework must provide investment conditions that respect these principles. If it does, renewable gases could make a valuable contribution to achieving climate goals in an efficient, timely and publicly acceptable manner.
HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN ORANG TUA DENGAN SIKAP WIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA
Authors: Doriza Shinta , Jannah Wardatul , Yulastri Lilies , Maulida Ernita , Patrisia Dina
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of parental education to student entrepreneurship attitudes. The research method uses associative quantitative approaches. Sampling technique with purposive sampling as many as 160 students who have attended Entrepreneurship courses. The results of the study using the Product Moment correlation test shows that there is a relationship between parental education with entrepreneurship attitudes in students of 0.643 with a significant level based on tcount = 10.55.

Keywords: Entrepreneurial attitude student, Parents' Education, Entrepreneurship

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pendidikan orang tua terhadap sikap berwirausaha mahasiswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan Purposive Sampling sebanyak 160 mahasiswa yang sudah mengikuti mata kuliah Kewirausahaan. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Product Moment menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan orang tua dengan sikap berwirausaha pada mahasiswa sebesar 0,643 dengan tingkat seignifikan berdasarkan nilai thitung sebesar 10,55

Kata kunci: Sikap Berwirausaha Mahasiswa, Pendidikan Orang tua, Kewirausahaan
KESEJAHTERAAN DENGAN PRESTASI KERJA
Authors: Dudung Agus
Published: October 2018

This study aims to find out if thereâ€™s a positive relationship between welfare and the work performance. The hypothesis research test by Product Moment correlation to get the correlation coefficient and to determine the conclusions used Student-t formula. The results obtained that correlation coefficient is 0.08 with the t-test 6.67. While t-table with a significance level of 5% and dk = 34 is 1.70, this means that t-count is higher than t-table so the alternative hypothesis Hi accepted and Ho hypothesis was rejected. The conclusion of this study is that there is a positive correlation between welfare and work performance.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan positif antara kesejahteraan dengan prestasi kerja. Uji hipotesis penelitian dengan korelasi Product Moment untuk mendapatkan koefisien korelasi dan untuk menentukan kesimpulan digunakan rumus Student-t. Hasil didapat koefisien korelasi adalah 0,08 dengan harga t didapat 6,67. Sedangkan t tabel dengan taraf signifkansi 5% dan dk = 34 adalah 1,70, ini berarti t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel sehingga dapat menerima hipotesis alternatif Hi dan menolak hipotesis Ho. Kesimpulan penelitian ini terdapat korelasi positif antara kesejahteraan dengan prestasi kerja.

Kata kunci: Kesejahteraan dan Prestasi kerja
Dinamika Dua-Dimensi Butiran Berbentuk Bola yang Terapung pada Permukaan Fluida yang Merambatkan Gelombang
Authors: Viridi Sparisoma , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sabaryati Johri , Muliyati Dewi
Published: October 2018

Simulasi dinamika butiran berbentuk bola pada permukaan fluida yang merambatkan gelombang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode dinamika molekuler yang mengasumsikan bahwa superposisi gaya angkat dengan gaya gravitasi, yang diperlambat dengan gaya hambat fluida, menyebabkan benda dapat begerak dua-dimensi. Hal ini berbeda dengan hasil sebelumnya di mana benda hanya dapat begerak dalam satu dimensi dikarenakan ukuran bola Db << λf, sedangkan dalam pekerjaan ini  Db < λf sehingga arah gaya angkat perlu diperhatikan. Secara teori gerak dua-dimensi akan cenderung menjadi gerak satu-dimensi bila nilai Db/λ kurang dari nilai tertentu, dan tetap dua dimensi bila melampaui nilai tertentu. Diperoleh dalam pengamatan selama 20 s bahwa frekuensi gelombang dapat mempengaruhi arah perpindahan benda berbentuk bola tersebut, menjadi searah atau berlawanan arah dengan arah rambat gelombang pada permukaan fluida.
Implications of Social and Legal Status on Immigrants' Health in Disaster Zones
Authors: Fussell Elizabeth , Delp Linda , Riley Kevin , Chávez Sergio , Valenzuela Abel
Published: October 2018

This commentary highlights how immigrants who are linguistically isolated, have limited social networks, and lack legal immigration status experience unique health risks in disaster zones.

Research on immigrants and disasters tends to focus on immigrants with these characteristics who are residents of disaster-affected areas, disaster recovery workers, or both. We review the sparse research literature and provide examples of innovative but underresourced programs that reduce immigrants’ exposure to disaster-related health hazards and economic exploitation in the recovery.

We conclude with recommendations for advancing these initiatives while, simultaneously, addressing the anti-immigrant policies that contribute to these disaster-related inequities.
Prescription Drug Monitoring Program: Registration and Use by Prescribers and Pharmacists Before and After Legal Mandatory Registration, California, 2010–2017
Authors: Shev Aaron B. , Wintemute Garen J. , Cerdá Magdalena , Crawford Andrew , Stewart Susan L. , Henry Stephen G.
Published: October 2018

Objectives. To estimate the effect of California’s prescription drug monitoring program’s (PDMP) registration mandate on use of the PDMP.

Methods. We evaluated the effect of California’s mandatory PDMP registration law by fitting time series models on the percentage of clinicians registered for California’s PDMP and the percentage of clinicians who were active PDMP users (users who created ≥ 1 patient prescription reports in a given month) from 2010 through 2017. We also compared PDMP use among early PDMP adopters (clinicians who registered > 8 months before the mandatory registration deadline) versus late adopters (clinicians who registered ≤ 8 months before the deadline).

Results. Mandatory registration was associated with increases in active PDMP users: 53.5% increase for prescribers and 17.9% for pharmacists. Early adopters were 4 times more likely to be active PDMP users than were late adopters.

Conclusions. Mandatory registration was associated with increases in PDMP registration and use, but most new registrants did not become active users.

Public Health Implications. Mandatory PDMP registration increases PDMP use but does not result in widespread PDMP usage by all clinicians prescribing controlled substances.
KAOS TEORİSİ VE YÖNETİMDE YENİ ARAYIŞLAR
Authors: YAKUT Hıfzı Fatih
Published: October 2018

Her
organizasyonun varlığı bir amaç etrafında şekillenmektedir. Bu amaç var olduğu,
gerçekleştiği ve anlam ifade ettiği sürece organizasyon var olmaya devam
edecektir. Organizasyonu oluşturan değişik alt sistemler bir birleri ile uyumlu
bir biçimde amaca yönelmek zorundadırlar. Yönetim sistemi ve anlayışı bu alt
sistemlerin uyumunu sağlayan temel yapıdır. Yönetim sisteminin nasıl
şekilleneceği ve uygulama biçiminin nasıl olacağına ilişkin, tarihsel süreç
içinde değişik düşünceler söz konusudur. Bu değişik düşünceler çoğunlukla kendi
tarihsel süreçleri içinde toplumsal sistemi şekillendiren paradigmalardan etkilenmiştir.
Yönetim anlayışının temellerini oluşturan kavramların varlığını sürdürmekle
birlikte, yorumlanması ve uygulamaya geçirilmesinde önemli değişiklikler
yaşanmıştır. Temelde bir organizasyonu yönetmek yönetimde kullanılan araçlar
büyük ölçüde değişmemiştir. Müzik notalarında olduğu gibi notalar aynıdır.
Ancak çalınan müzik artık farklıdır. Yönetim anlayışını günümüzde etkileyen
önemli hususlardan birisi değişim
kavramında yaşanmaktadır. Değişim öylesine hızlanmıştır ki, organizasyonlar
adeta bir kaos denizinde var olmaya çalışmaktadır. Çalışmada, yönetim
anlayışının gelişimi ve kaos teorisinde yönetim anlayışı ele alınmaktadır. Bu
amaçla öncelikle yönetim anlayışının gelişimi ve kaos teorisinde yönetim
anlayışı teorik çerçevede incelenerek öneriler getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Ergovaline Concentration of Tall Fescue as Affected by Limestone Application
Authors: Kenyon Sarah L. , Roberts Craig A. , Kallenbach Robert L. , Lory John A. , Kerley Monty S. , Rottinghaus George E.
Published: October 2018

Core Ideas

Limestone application reduced ergovaline concentrations by 20 ppb compared with non‐treated control plots.

This slight reduction in ergovaline concentrations is not enough to affect toxicosis, but the reduction occurred with a corresponding increase in soil pH, which can improve the growing conditions for pasture legumes and indirectly affect toxicosis.

Unlike limestone, other soil amendments, such as N and poultry litter, increase ergovaline concentrations and therefore create a sort of penalty for the producer.

Ergovaline is an ergot alkaloid produced by Epichloë coenophiala [(Morgan‐Jones & W. Gams) C.W. Bacon & Schardl], an endophyte in tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] that causes fescue toxicosis. Ergovaline concentrations can be affected by soil nutrients such as N and P. However, its response to limestone has not been documented. This study evaluated the effect of limestone application on ergovaline concentration in established tall fescue. Limestone was surface‐applied in December 2011 on an existing ‘Kentucky 31’ tall fescue (95% infected with E. coenophiala) pasture near Alton, MO. Soils were sampled annually in October by collecting ten 6‐inch cores per plot; cores were divided into three increments: 0 to 1, 1 to 3, and 3 to 6 inches in depth. Whole tillers were harvested spring and autumn from 2012 to 2014 and analyzed for ergovaline concentration. Limestone increased (p < 0.01) soil salt pH [pH(s)] during the 3‐year period, and the greatest increase occurred at the soil surface. The soil pH(s) was 5.6 for the limestone‐treated plots and 5.0 for the non‐treated plots. Limestone application reduced (p < 0.10) ergovaline concentration by 20 ppb compared with non‐treated control plots. An important application of this study is that limestone did not increase ergovaline concentration as other soil nutrients have done, thereby making it possible to improve soil conditions for legume growth and pasture dilution without increasing the potential for fescue toxicosis. Future studies will explore the possibility of a greater reduction in ergovaline concentration with a larger increase in soil pH.
“A Model for Simulating Photosynthesis in Plant Communities” by W.G. Duncan, R.S. Loomis, W.A. Williams, and R. Hanau, Hilgardia (1967) 38:181–205
Authors: Sinclair Thomas R.
Published: October 2018

This article is part of a series of brief commentaries to highlight papers that have resulted in important and distinctly new perspectives in crop science. A criterion for selection of papers is that they must have been published at least 20 yr ago to allow for a long‐range perspective in assessment of the papers. The current article briefly reviews the paper by W.G. Duncan, R.S. Loomis, W.A. Williams, and R. Hanau published in 1967 that provided original concepts about the interception of solar radiation by crop leaf canopies and the estimate of canopy photosynthesis rate based on the intercepted radiation. They developed a geometric description of beam penetration through leaf layers and calculation of canopy CO2 exchange by considering separately leaves in direct‐beam radiation and in the shade.
Enhanced‐Efficiency Fertilizer Impacts on Yield‐Scaled Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Maize
Authors: Graham Rebecca F. , Greer Kristin D. , Villamil Maria B. , Nafziger Emerson D. , Pittelkow Cameron M.
Published: October 2018

Core Ideas

Enhanced‐efficiency fertilizers reduced N2O compared with anhydrous ammonia in two of three years.

SuperU reduced both area‐ and yield‐scaled N2O emissions in two of three years.

Soil inorganic N concentrations were not correlated with daily N2O fluxes.

Fertilizers ESN, SuperU, and UAN + nitrapyrin did not increase yield or grain N recovery efficiency.

Balancing efforts to mitigate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from crop production while increasing grain yields is an important challenge for agriculture. The objectives of this study were to assess N2O emissions, soil inorganic nitrogen (N) concentrations, grain yield, and grain N content for three enhanced‐efficiency nitrogen fertilizers (EENFs) compared with anhydrous ammonia in a rainfed corn system in Illinois over 3 yr (2015–2017). Treatments included a control (check) and four N sources applied at 202 kg N ha−1: injected anhydrous ammonia, stabilized urea containing urease and nitrification inhibitors (SuperU, Agrotain International), polymer‐coated urea (ESN, Agrium Advanced Technologies), and injected urea‐ammonium nitrate (UAN) + nitrapyrin. Significant reductions in N2O emissions were observed for several EENFs compared with anhydrous ammonia, but results were not consistent across treatments and years. SuperU reduced area‐ and yield‐scaled N2O emissions in two of three study years compared with anhydrous ammonia, while ESN had no N2O mitigation benefit. Injected UAN + nitrapyrin had the highest emissions in the first year but significantly decreased emissions in the second 2 yr. No treatment significantly improved yield or grain N content compared with anhydrous ammonia. In light of efforts to broadly promote EENFs in the US Midwest, these results demonstrate there is some promise for N2O mitigation, but the lack of clear crop productivity benefits combined with inconsistent N2O mitigation effects do not support the conclusion that EENFs inherently improve agronomic and environmental outcomes.
Flux-closure domains in high aspect ratio electroless-deposited CoNiB nanotubes
Authors: Staňo Michal , Schaefer Sandra , Wartelle Alexis , Rioult Maxime , Belkhou Rachid , Sala Alessandro , Menteş Tevfik Onur , Locatelli Andrea , Cagnon Laurent , Trapp Beatrix , Bochmann Sebastian , Martin Sylvain , Gautier Eric , Toussaint Jean-Christophe , Ensinger Wolfgang , Fruchart Olivier
Published: October 2018

We report the imaging of magnetic domains in ferromagnetic CoNiB
nanotubes with very long aspect ratio, fabricated by electroless
plating. While axial magnetization is expected for long tubes made of
soft magnetic materials, we evidence series of azimuthal domains. We
tentatively explain these by the interplay of anisotropic strain and/or
grain size, with magneto-elasticity and/or anisotropic interfacial
magnetic anisotropy. This material could be interesting for dense data
storage, as well as curvature-induced magnetic phenomena such as the
non-reciprocity of spin-wave propagation.
Assessment of the potential for a biofuels industry in Ukraine
Authors: Zulauf Carl , Prutska Olena , Kirieieva Eleonora , Pryshliak Natalia
Published: October 2018

Ukraine is the only major agricultural country whose production of biofuels has declined since 2010. Nevertheless, it has set a target of 11.5 percent of primary energy supply from biomass, biofuels and waste by 2035. Agricultural land needed to produce biofuels feedstock is calculated for two scenarios based on its current 11.5 percent target and previous 5.0 percent target specified as a share of transport energy consumption. The export orientation of Ukraine’s crop sector and resulting foreign currency earnings pose trade-offs if crops are diverted from exports to biofuel feedstocks. Given these trade-offs, policy options for developing a biofuels industry while satisfying Ukraine’s export and domestic markets are to (1) bring land not currently cultivated into production and (2) increase yield. Both options are found to have substantial potential.
Added value of cardiac deformation imaging in differential diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Loncaric Filip , Bijnens Bart , Stiges Marta
Published: October 2018

[first paragraph of article]Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is clinically defined by the presence of increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness that is not solely explained by abnormal loading conditions. The aetiology is diverse, but in 60% of patients the disease is an autosomal dominant trait caused by cardiac sarcomere protein gene mutation (HCM). In 10% of cases, the cause is inherited metabolic and neuromuscular disease, chromosomic abnormalities and genetic syndromes, whereas, in the remaining 30% of patients the aetiology remains unknown.
Risk stratification in childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Norrish Gabrielle , Kaski Juan Pablo
Published: October 2018

[first paragraph of article]The true prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in childhood is unknown, but population-based studies have reported an annual incidence between 0.24–0.47 per 100,000 children. The aetiology of disease is more heterogeneous than that seen in adult populations, with up to 30% of patients having an inborn error of metabolism, malformation syndrome or neuromuscular syndrome. However, as in adults, most cases are caused by mutations in the cardiac sarcomere protein genes, even in young children. The long-term outcome of childhood HCM is highly variable and has been shown to depend partly on the age of presentation and underlying aetiology. Outside of infancy, the most frequent cause of mortality is sudden cardiac death (SCD), and one of the greatest challenges in managing young patients with HCM is identifying those at greatest risk of an arrhythmic event.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with little hypertrophy and severe arrhythmia
Authors: Ripoll-Vera Tomas , Alvarez-Rubio Jorge
Published: October 2018

[first paragraph of article]Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited autosomal-dominant disease with a heterogeneous clinical presentation and natural history, and is a frequent cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young people. It is associated with mutations in genes coding for sarcomere proteins. In the literature, debate surrounds the genotype-phenotype correlation of individual mutations concerning establishing a prognosis according to the mutation present, which could help stratify the disease and allow appropriate genetic counselling to families.
Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Yacoub Magdi , Bonow Robert O
Published: October 2018

[first paragraph of article]The Journal continues its policy of presenting to its readership the latest progress in the fields of science and practice of cardiology in an easily readable and timely manner.The concept of devoting an issue of the Journal to one topical subject, was recently started to present virtually all aspects of a chosen topic by experts in the field, presenting the latest progress of knowledge in their area.
Removal of a Missing Intrauterine Device Via Laparotomy after 28 Years of Insertion: A Case Report
Authors: Aktoz Fatih , Gunes Ali Can , Kuru Oguzhan , Tuncer Zafer Selcuk
Published: October 2018

Intrauterine device is one of the most preferred contraceptive methods. Rare complications such as uterine perforation were getting more common due to increased use of intrauterine device and could be seen either with mild manifestations or serious cases like bladder or intestinal damage. A 48-year-old patient who is consulted to our clinic because of a missed copper intrauterine device was presented. The intrauterine device was inserted 28 years ago, detected in pelvis incidentally by x-ray and extracted via laparotomy. Although device has been in abdomen for nearly three decades, we did not see any serious reaction or adhesion during surgery.Management of a patient with intrauterine device should be done carefully and following the instructions before insertion, regular examination at every visit are important.
Automated detection of fault types in CCTV sewer surveys
Authors: Myrans Joshua , Everson Richard , Kapelan Zoran
Published: October 2018

Sewers must be regularly inspected to prioritise effective maintenance, which can be an expensive and time-consuming process. This paper presents a methodology to automatically identify the type of a detected fault using raw closed circuit television (CCTV) footage. The procedure calculates the GIST descriptor of a video frame containing a fault before applying a collection of random forest classifiers to identify the fault's type. Order oblivious filtering is used to further improve the methodology's performance on continuous footage. The technology, including various classifier architectures, has been validated and demonstrated on CCTV footage collected by Wessex Water. The methodology achieved a peak accuracy of 73% when applied to well-represented fault types, showing promise for future application in the water industry.
Assessment of the climate change risks for inflow into Sagami Dam reservoir using a hydrological model
Authors: Momiyama Sho , Sagehashi Masaki , Akiba Michihiro
Published: October 2018

Adverse effects of future climate change on water supply systems are of concern. High turbidity caused by abrupt flood, and drought caused by continuous dry days are the major risks. To assess such risks, a comprehensive method to simulate hydrology with high spatiotemporal resolution should be developed. In this study, a series of methods from parameter estimation to future simulation using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was demonstrated for Sagami Dam reservoir, which is a typical water supply reservoir in Japan. A proposed parameter calibration method by optimizing percent bias followed by optimizing Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency gave good performance of model prediction of the daily average reservoir inflow in the past. Using this model, the changes in inflow under expected climate change were simulated. Three predicted daily climates by the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 5 (MIROC5) under three representative concentration pathways, i.e., RCP 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5, in 2081–2100 were used for the simulation, whereas observed daily climate during 1981–2000 was used as the past reference. The risks were discussed by considering their seasonality, indicating increases in flood and drought in June and July, and in February and April, respectively.
Modeling quaternary ammonium compound inhibition of biological nutrient removal activated sludge
Authors: Conidi Daniela , Andalib Mehran , Andres Christopher , Bye Christopher , Umble Art , Dold Peter
Published: October 2018

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are surface-active organic compounds common in industrial cleaner formulations widely used in various sanitation applications. While acting as effective pathogenic biocides, QACs lack selective toxicity and often have poor target specificity. As a result, adverse effects on biological processes and thus the performance of biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems may be encountered when QACs enter wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Because of these impacts, there is motivation to screen wastewater influents for QACs and for process engineers to consider the inhibition effects of QACs on process evaluation and design of BNR plants. This paper introduces a mathematical model to describe the fate of QACs in a WWTP via biodegradation and bio-adsorption, and the inhibitory effect of QACs on nitrifiers and ordinary heterotrophic organisms. The model was incorporated as an add-on model in BioWin 5.3 and simulations of experimental systems were used for comparison of model results to measured data reported in the literature. The model was found to accurately predict the bulk phase concentration of QAC and the inhibition of nitrification with QAC concentrations ≥2 mg/L. This work provides a preliminary framework for simulation of BNR plants receiving inhibitory substances in the influent.
Evaluation of fine organic mixtures for treatment of acid mine drainage in sulfidogenic reactors
Authors: Pérez N. , Schwarz A. , de Bruijn J.
Published: October 2018

The performance of passive biochemical reactors in acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment could be enhanced by using fine organic substrates in new reactor designs, such as diffusive exchange reactors. This work evaluated the effect of fine cellulosic components in organic mixtures and of enrichment with inoculum, on sulfate and metals removal in discontinuous cultures for three types of synthetic AMD. The cellulosic substrates evaluated were sawdust, microcrystalline cellulose, and forestry cellulose fibers, supplemented with cow manure and leaf compost. Using microcrystalline cellulose and forestry cellulose fibers with the less concentrated AMD, high sulfate reduction rates (73 mg/L-d and 58.2 mg/L-d, respectively) were achieved. Correspondingly, iron concentrations were reduced by 69% and 86.6%. Based on their higher sulfate reducing capacity, cellulose fibers obtained as fiber boards from a local kraft pulp mill were selected for treating a synthetic AMD with a high copper concentration (273 mg/L) and pH 4.94. In batch culture, low sulfate reducing activity (13.10 mg/L-d) was only observed at the highest substrate/AMD ratio (0.5:10) tested. Results show that the use of forestry cellulose fibers in reactive mixtures supplemented with inoculum could be an alternative for optimization of diffusive exchange reactors for AMD treatment.
Regulating social entrepreneurship in Russia
Authors: Zvereva N. I. , Surova N. Yu.
Published: October 2018

In Russia social enterprises (entities of social entrepreneurship) are set up and develop during the last decade. In 2012 they were included in the state program of support for small and medium entrepreneurship. The growth in the number of social entrepreneurship and the experience of state regulation and support to their work accumulated within the period 2012 – 2017 stipulate the need to systematize and analyze this managerial experience. The article describes the origin of the system of state regulation in the field of social entrepreneurship in Russia. It shows that today the process of establishment and development of the conceptual kit, goals, tasks and tools of state policy is going on. Having studied tools of legislative regulation, infrastructure, education and finance support to entities of social entrepreneurship in Russia the authors pointed to the absence of the unique program of this sector development, which is obvious in dividing all tools of support in accordance with organizational-legal forms of social enterprises and it actually duplicates infrastructure and makes administration of finance support more difficult. The authors put forward recommendations dealing with designing a unique program of social entrepreneurship development in Russia with adopting relevant legislation and correcting the mechanism of managing this sector of economy on the part of state.
Indicative planning in developing agrarian territories
Authors: Zinchuk G. M. , Makekadyrova A. S.
Published: October 2018

The system of state regulation of social and economic development of the country and regions is an important factor of maintaining economic stability and security of state. It implies first of all functioning of state power bodies of all levels, which deals with working out and implementing the decisions that can create favorable conditions for sustainable economic and social development of society, for raising competitiveness and increasing national wealth. The article studies methodological approaches to regulating agrarian territories’ development, provides recommendations aimed at perfection of organizational and economic mechanism of state impact on processes of their shaping and functioning and identifies their strategic landmarks. It analyzes the content and possibilities of state regulation of agrarian territories’ development. With due regard to specificity of Russian economy prospects of developing agricultural production by using the model of indicative planning were shown. The authors propose an approach to choosing the integral indicator for identifying quantitative and qualitative content of forecasts for shaping and functioning of agrarian territories. Acute issues of forecasting resource support of agrarian territories are discussed. The authors put forward recommendations dealing with possible use of plan documents for the comprehensive approach to planning and regulating the development of agrarian territories in the country.