bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Методичні вказівки до виконання лабораторних та самостійних робіт з дисципліни «Розробка ігрових вебзастосунків» для здобувачів вищої освіти галузі знань 12 «Інформаційні технології»
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Задерейко Олександр Владиславович , Гура Володимир Ігоревич , Толокнов Анатолій Арнольдович , Грезіна Олена Миколаївна
Published: June 2024

Дисципліна «Розробка ігрових вебзастосунків» спрямована на підготовку фахівців, що володіють навичками роботи у сучасних ігрових вебплатформах. Вивчення дисципліни дозволяє поглибити знання принципів і засобів проєктування, розробки, тестування та підтримки веб орієнтованих комп’ютерних ігор. Розробка комп’ютерних ігор базується на вивченні мови програмування JavaScript у обсязі який є необхідним для створення простих вебігор. Також вивчаються елементи власного програмування веб ігор на основі HTML5 елемента canvas.
Cluster-based Improvised Time Synchronization Algorithm for Multihop IoT Networks
Authors: Dalwadi Neha , Padole Mamta
Published: June 2024

Achieving precise time synchronization among wireless sensor devices within Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks poses a significant challenge. Various approaches have been proposed to efficiently synchronize time in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) used in the IoT. However, these solutions typically involve extensive message exchanges to achieve synchronization, leading to notable communication and energy overheads. In this context, we introduce a clustering approach aimed at enhancing the Reference Broadcast Synchronization (RBS) protocol to suit large multihop IoT networks. This paper discusses existing cluster- based time synchronization methods and compares their effectiveness. Moreover, our proposed clustering approach seamlessly integrates existing time synchronization protocols, thereby enhancing both power efficiency and synchronization accuracy, which are specifically tailored for multihop IoT networks. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we conducted emulations, which demonstrated a significant improvement in minimizing synchronization error by 78% compared to existing RBS methods, along with a 40% reduction in the power consumption of reference nodes. Overall, our proposed method yields satisfactory results with less overhead in scalable IoT networks.
Dahlin Deadbeat Internal Model Control for Discrete MIMO Systems
Authors: Touati Nahla , Saidi Imen
Published: June 2024

Controlling Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems present a considerable challenge, particularly when dealing with time delays, nonlinearities, and disturbances. While the Dahlin algorithm and deadbeat control can offer good performance for such systems especially for systems requiring aperiodic responses or those where overshoot and setteling time need to be minimized, their effectiveness can diminish if the model parameters are inaccurate or in the presence of disturbances which lead to steady-state errors. To address these limitations, we propose combining these approaches with Internal Model Control, known for its robustness in handling variations in process dynamics, ensuring accurate setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection. In this paper, we introduce the Dahlin Deadbeat Internal Model Control (DDIMC) for discrete MIMO systems. Initially designed for linear processes with multiple time delays, this control strategy addresses complex control challenges arising from coupling effects and time delays. For nonlinear processes, we extend this controller using a multimodal control strategy which involves describing the nonlinear system with multiple linear discrete models, each paired with a Dahlin Deadbeat controller. A fusion technique is then employed to select the most suitable controller for application. Simulation case studies performed using the MATLAB software validate the effectiveness of these strategies, demonstrating their ability to consistently ensure satisfactory dynamic and robust performance.
The Ibo Societal Virtues and the Individual Subjectivity
Authors: Rodrigue Judicaël ELE
Published: June 2024

This article investigates the African societal virtues with a particular accent on subjectivity. There are qualities which are like high moral standards and they are praised by the Ibo community depicted in Anglophone African Literature. The sociological, sociolinguistic and psychological approaches will be applied. This paper tackles praiseworthy qualities of strength, hard-working capacity and polygamy. Any attempt to deprive freedom of opinions, there is a counter-action to restore this freedom. That is, psychological reactance which strengthens the individual subjectivity.
Enseñanza remota de emergencia por COVID-19 en la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Rodríguez Ruíz Sergio Guillermo , Manzano Arrondo Vicente
Published: June 2024

El confinamiento por COVID-19 obligó a las universidades en México a adoptar la enseñanza remota de emergencia (ERE) para dar continuidad a la educación. En este trabajo se reportan los resultados de la primera de tres fases de una investigación sobre prácticas docentes de profesores de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México durante la ERE. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas con tres profesores y tres estudiantes y sus respuestas fueron analizadas cualitativamente desde la perspectiva teórica del Marco de la comunidad de indagación para verificar la existencia de las distintas presencias que lo conforman: docente, social y cognitiva. Los resultados indican una tendencia más fuerte hacia la instrucción directa en comparación con la facilitación en la presencia docente, lo cual se ve reflejado, entre otros factores, por una carga mayor en el trabajo síncrono en contraposición con el asíncrono. La presencia social refleja pocas oportunidades para la socialización y cohesión grupal, así como una tendencia hacia el trabajo individual sobre el colaborativo. En la presencia cognitiva destaca la conveniencia de fortalecer las habilidades de indagación y la autorregulación de los estudiantes. Se concluye con algunas recomendaciones aplicables tanto a situaciones de ERE como a alternativas educativas multimodales.
Lehman, Bloodshed At Little Bighorn - Sitting Bull, Custer, And The Destinies Of Nations
Authors: Bremar Jeff
Published: June 2024

Lehman's new book on the most famous battle in the American West is a useful and extremely readable narrative of Custer's defeat and a fine introduction to the long conflict between the expansionist United States and the native tribes of the Great Plains. Bloodshed at Little Bighorn is a concise, clearly written account that deftly traces the history of the long series of clashes that led up to this battle. This engaging monograph is ideal for use in undergraduate classrooms, as the author provides gracefully crafted portraits of important characters and reviews important ideas, from American military strategy to the importance of the horse for Plains tribes. Non-specialists will find that Lehman 's book is a fine summary of the final American conquest of the American West. While it includes no new interpretation and relies heavily on secondary sources, it provides a balanced, fast paced history ideal for use in survey courses on the West, Native America, or the nineteenth-century United States. It is also a good source for material for anyone writing or revising lectures on the subject.
Race, Music, And Meaningful Approach To Teaching Historical Methods
Authors: Hughes Richard
Published: June 2024

Oliver Sacks, a neurosurgeon in New York City and the well-known author of Awakenings, recently described the case of a forty-two year old man named Tony Cicoria who was struck by lightning. After almost dying at a nearby hospital, Cicoria appeared to recover fully within weeks, only to discover that, for the first time in his life, he had what Sacks referred to as an "insatiable desire to listen to piano music." The individual had no formal musical training and yet within months he began teaching himself how to play the piano and eventually began composing complex, original works. In his book Musicophelia , Sacks describes other patients, many quite elderly, who discovered that music long forgotten from childhood had the ability to induce seizures. Such cases suggested to Sacks the powerful, in his words, "engraving of music on the brain." The man struck by lightning was a dramatic example of how humans are inescapably a "musical species."1While Sacks explored the "extraordinary tenacity of music memory" or the role of music in shaping the cognitive map of individuals, my interest as a historian lies in the power of music in illuminating what Abraham Lincoln referred to as our "mystic chords of memory." Speaking at his first Inaugural Address in March 1861, Lincoln used the metaphor of music to remind an increasingly divided nation that the "chorus of the Union," his term for collective memory, lay embedded not in Americans' neurology but rather in "every living heart." As a result, when I agreed to teach a required historical methods course with a rather dry catalog description-"An introduction to the discipline, including study of research and writing techniques, historical methods, and the nature and varieties of history"- I chose to use music as the focus. I entitled my section "Doing History: Race and American Music" and aimed to ground the course on methodology in what I hoped would be the meaningful historical context of African-American history and music.2
Refocusing On Reading
Authors: Perri Michael
Published: June 2024

The digital age has changed American society, which means history instructors face a different reality in their classrooms. With their cell phones, blackberries, iPods, digital games, computers, and the Internet, Americans have an unprecedented number of digital distractions. Few people have time to read anymore. Meanwhile, the new diversions have not displaced the popularity of television. According to a study conducted by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), Americans age 15 and older spend about half of their total daily leisure time watching TV, while "15- to 24- year-olds spend less than three percent of their daily leisure time reading, and 25 to 34-year-olds spend roughly four percent." College students are no less affected, and arguably more so. They read less in their leisure time than did earlier generations, and consequently they read less proficiently. The National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) gave a reading comprehension test to 19,200 Americans, ages sixteen and above, and found that declines in "proficient" readers are steepest among the best-educated groups. Between 1992 and 2003, the study reported "a 20 percent rate of decline for adults with a graduate school experience and a 22 percent rate of decline for other college graduates."1      So how should history instructors respond? The answers must be measured because modern means of instruction can enhance education. The narratives and visuals of documentaries can stimulate learning, and the Internet vastly increases access to information. However, these digital advances have a downside. The new media cannot replace the thoughtful reading of scholarly texts and their use unavoidably decreases the customary focus on reading assignments in history courses. To compensate for this shift, educators should make corrective adjustments. Such adjustments do not imply eschewing the Internet as a resource and educational tool, nor do they suggest avoiding the occasional use of documentaries. They simply require instructors to renew their efforts to teach traditional reading and analytical skills in our age of ever-changing technologies. This article presents strategies to foster such skills through "main-point" and "reflective-reading" assignments. It also assesses the value of active-reading instruction. I have designed and used these strategies and assignments in college-level history courses of roughly twenty to thirty students.
Lepore, The Whites Of Their Eyes - The Tea Party's Revolution And The Battle Over American History
Authors: Hughes Richard
Published: June 2024

Whether it is via bookstore shelves, television miniseries, or the political protests of the Tea Party movement, references to the Founding Fathers are seemingly everywhere in contemporary American culture. In The Whites of Their Eyes: The Tea Party's Revolution and the Battle over American History, Jill Lepore, a historian of colonial America and frequent contributor to the New Yorker, examines how Americans on both the political right and the left have appropriated the memory of the American Revolution for political gain. As Lepore illustrates through numerous vignettes of well-known figures such as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Thomas Paine, her emphasis is on our culture's often deeply flawed collective memory rather than the discipline of history. For Lepore, much of the abuse of historical memory lies with the modern Tea Party movement, an organization she followed extensively in the Boston area in 2009 and 2010. The result is a political culture that increasingly argues, if not assumes, that our nation's founding generation rebelled against the British in order to establish a Christian nation filled with white Europeans and wholly committed to cultural conservatism, low taxes, and an unregulated system of free enterprise. This culture, according to Lepore, is not just historically inaccurate; it is actually "anti-history" in that it suggests a seamless connection between the infallible heroes of the late eighteenth century and the complexity of our modern age.
Searching for Social Justice
Authors: White Ebony , Nadrich Tyce , Walo-Roberts Sailume , Martinez Triana , Crawford Candice , Ferguson Alfonso
Published: June 2024

Counselor educators in CACREP programs are mandated to include social justice in their training of counseling students. However, counseling preparation programs have failed to adequately train counseling professionals to understand and implement social justice frameworks. Using an exploratory mixed methods design, we explored counselor educators’ educational and training background in social justice concepts as well as their teaching experiences infusing social justice throughout CACREP core curriculum. Strategies counselor educators use to seek knowledge about and incorporate social justice in their praxis are presented. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between counselor educators’ racial identity and their practice of implementing social justice frameworks into their teaching.
Обґрунтування властивостей системи управління кар’єрою офіцерського складу Збройних Сил України через її декомпозицію
Authors: Русенко Н.
Published: June 2024

Аналіз існуючого стану роботи з кадрами в ЗС України свідчить, що на теперішній час розроблено та введено в дію відповідні нормативно-правові акти та керівні документи, якими врегульовано порядок проходження військової служби, але на практиці застосовано лише елементи управління кар’єрою. Проводиться лише супроводження кар’єри персоналу (причому тільки окремих категорій особового складу). У прийнятті кадрових рішень продовжують мати місце корупційні прояви, особисті взаємини, соціальні зв’язки, політичні замовлення тощо. Більшість заходів військової кадрової політики мають низький рівень ефективності, тому що відсутній контроль за дотриманням вимог соціальної справедливості та професіоналізму в питаннях просування по службі, направлення на навчання та ротації.
Для подолання негативних тенденцій в управлінні кар’єрою військовослужбовців в умовах бойових дій є важливим перегляд основних вимог та завдань системи кадрового менеджменту у Збройних Силах України, а також властивостей системи управління кар’єрою та чинників, що впливають на неї.
У статті проведено декомпозицію системи управління кар’єрою на менші підпроцеси, які мають унікальні властивості, що спрощує аналіз, розуміння та дослідження самої системи. Розглянуто основні чинники та властивості системи управління кар’єрою. Для аналізу та декомпозиції системи управління кар’єрою, в подальшому, буде використано “Метод дерева цілей, який дозволить розбити складну систему управління кар’єрою на більш дрібні однорідні підпроцеси однакового ієрархічного рівня та визначити зв’язки між ними. Це полегшить дослідження та виокремлення чинників, що впливають на дану систему.
Виокремлення властивостей підпроцесів у системі управління необхідне для оптимізації роботи системи. Ці властивості допомагають створити добре організовану та ефективну систему управління, яка відповідає вимогам стійкості, безпеки, продуктивності та зручності у використанні.
Особливості оборонного менеджменту в міністерстві оборони США
Authors: Сурков О. , Цурко Ю.
Published: June 2024

Розглянуто особливості функціонування основних систем оборонного менеджменту МО США та відмінності від запровадженого оборонного планування на основі спроможностей у МОУ і ЗС України.
Запровадження оборонного менеджменту в Міністерстві оборони та Збройних Силах України триває вже друге десятиріччя, але залишається декларативним. Ситуація дуже відрізняється від провідних країн Заходу. Вивчення та імплементація наявного досвіду сприятиме необхідним змінам в оборонному менеджменті Міністерства оборони та Збройних Сил України.
Оборонний менеджмент США включає три взаємопов’язані системи PPBE, JCIDS і DAS, які функціонують на постійній основі за річним циклом. Схвалені в JCIDS потреби у спроможностях є основою для вибору систем та інших засобів, які постачатимуть у збройні сили через DAS. Система РРВЕ забезпечує визначення пріоритетів і розподіл фінансових ресурсів для виконання програм.
Оборонне планування в МОУ та ЗС України, на відміну від провідних держав – членів НАТО, організоване з прив’язкою до оборонного огляду як головного заходу, за результатами якого провадять всю іншу діяльність. В оборонному плануванні не передбачений етап програмування, замість нього розроблено окремі державні цільові програми, не пов’язані з бюджетним процесом. Закупівля озброєння, техніки та матеріальних ресурсів також відокремлена від оборонного планування, програм і бюджету. Із керівних документів розроблено лише один наказ МОУ і три методичні рекомендації.
Необхідно також дослідити можливість впровадження подібної комплексної системи оборонного менеджменту США для вдосконалення й об’єднання розрізнених елементів наявної системи оборонного планування МОУ та ЗС України.
Порядок оцінки спроможності органів військового управління до ведення проєктів інформатизації
Authors: Галаган В.
Published: June 2024

Відповідно до положень Стратегічного оборонного бюлетеня України, одним з найбільш актуальних завдань для Збройних Сил України, в ході оборонної реформи, є створення та впровадження автоматизованих (інформаційних) систем управління військами (силами) та оборонними ресурсами. Одним із основних факторів успішної розробки та впровадження будь-якої інформаційної системи військового призначення є готовність органів військового управління (ОВУ) до організації та управління процесами розроблення, впровадження та супроводження експлуатації інформаційних систем (ІС) для потреб Збройних Сил України.
Мета статті – визначення порядку застосування SWOT-аналізу для визначення спроможності ОВУ з організації та управління процесами розроблення, впровадження та супроводження експлуатації ІС.
В статті наведено порядок застосування SWOT-аналізу для визначення спроможності ОВУ з організації та управління процесами розроблення, впровадження та супроводження експлуатації ІС. Основна увага приділена процедурі вибору чинників для створення матриці SWOT-аналізу. Методика SWOT-аналізу дозволяє на основі проведеної оцінки та визначених заходах зосередитися на ключових аспектах діяльності ОВУ та визначити потреби у змінах, що допомагає покращити його діяльність.
Методика може бути використана керівним складом ЗС України (проєктною групою) для прийняття управлінських рішень щодо обґрунтованого коригування календарного плану проєкту інформатизації. Періодична оцінка діяльності ОВУ (за стадіями життєвого циклу) надає можливість скоригувати подальшу стратегію розвитку ОВУ.
Викладений матеріал може бути використаний при розробці Методичних рекомендацій щодо порядку розроблення, впровадження та супроводження експлуатації інформаційних систем Міністерства оборони України.
Теоретико-правові проблеми визначення базових дефініцій, що встановлюють юридичну відповідальність військовослужбовців при проведенні службових розслідувань у Збройних Силах України та інших військових формуваннях
Authors: Бейкун А. , Піскун I. , Топольніцький В. , Нетребенко А.
Published: June 2024

Однією з основ забезпечення надійності функціонування державних інститутів, насамперед тих, що є суб’єктами оборонно-безпекового сектору, є механізм юридичної відповідальності, що спрямований на охорону відповідних суспільних відносин від правопорушень.
Як відомо, військова служба є одним із основних правових інститутів держави, складовою державно-управлінських відносин та спрямована на задоволення потреб суспільства, насамперед, у сфері захисту країни від загроз та небезпек зовнішнього характеру, відсічі збройної агресії, захисту територіальної цілісності країни, конституційного ладу, прав та свобод людини і громадянина тощо. Проте, даний інститут не може існувати без нормативно-визначених правових заходів відповідальності військовослужбовців, адже саме за допомогою означених заходів й можливо забезпечити законність та правопорядок в системі Збройних Сил України та інших військових формувань, правоохоронних і розвідувальних органів, взагалі, будь-яких структур, які комплектуються посадами військовослужбовців. Кожен військовослужбовець має розуміти, що за кожен вчинений ним проступок під час виконання своїх посадових обов’язків, має настати в обов’язковому порядку юридична відповідальність (дисциплінарна, адміністративна, матеріальна чи будь-яка інша).
У статті досліджується зміст поняття юридичної відповідальності військовослужбовців, як елементу його правового статусу, розкривається його нормативне закріплення, насамперед, у якості наслідків проведення певних процесуальних дій у рамках службового розслідування. Підкреслюється необхідність проведення комплексного теоретико-правового аналізу питання притягнення до юридичної відповідальності військовослужбовців відповідно до норм чинного законодавства України, а також визначення проблемних аспектів окреслених вище нормативно-визначених процедур.
PENGAJARAN UNDANG-UNDANG SYARIAH DAN SIVIL: SATU PENDEKATAN DALAM PERBAHASAN DALALAT AL-ALFAZ ILMU USUL FIQH
Authors: Mohd Subri Irwan , Md Yusof Arif Fahmi
Published: June 2024

Discussion of Dalalat al-Alfaz is vital in Usul Fiqh. It refers to the understanding of lafz in Quran and Sunnah. Conventionally, discussion on Dalalat al-Alfaz is merely taught to comprehend the meaning of lafz in al-Quran and Sunnah. Conversely, Dr. Abdul Karim Zaydan in his book "Al-Wajiz fi Usul al-Fiqh" applied the concept of Dalalat al-Alfaz to comprehend alfaz in Egyptian and Iraqis laws. This article attempts to initiate a practical method in teaching Usul Fiqh to students by applying the maxims in Dalalat al-Alfaz to comprehend the Shariah dan civil law in Malaysia. It attempts to familiarize the students with these two laws. With that, ultimately, the students are competent to comprehend the theory of Dalalat al-Alfaz and apply it in reading Shariah and civil law in Malaysia, for having enhanced understanding of them.
Analisis Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Objek Wisata Floating Market Lembang
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Fikrurrijal Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Regional governments in Indonesia have a big task in improving the welfare of their communities. One of these efforts is to build the Lembang Floating Market tourist industry which has been open since the beginning of December 2012. The aim of building the Lembang floating market tourist attraction is in the context of community empowerment and what is the reality now that community empowerment and community welfare are increasing. This research uses a descriptive method which is qualitative research using observation and interviews. The results of this research state that one form of empowerment of the Lembang community can be seen in the construction of the Floating Market tourist attraction which not only provides benefits to the Floating Market, but also provides opportunities for the community around the tourist attraction such as employment opportunities by opening employment opportunities, entrepreneurship opportunities, and also the existence of Floating Market income, part of which will then be included in the village PAD. The existence of the Lembang Floating Market does have a positive impact, but it cannot be denied that there are also negative impacts. One of the negative impacts is that traffic jams often occur due to the large number of vehicles entering and exiting the Floating Market. Apart from that, the large number of automatic vehicles also causes noise pollution. However. Whatever the positive and negative impacts, it cannot be denied that the existence of the Lembang Floating Market has had an impact on the community's economy, especially the Lembang village community.
Antioxidant vitamin levels and glutathione peroxidase activity during ischemia/reperfusion in myocardial infarction
Authors: Mužáková V , Kanďár R , Vojtíšek P , Skalický J , Vaňková R , Čegan A , Červinková Z
Published: June 2024

The consequences of increased oxidative stress, measured as the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) during ischemia/reperfusion, were studied in 48 patients in the acute phase of myocardial infarction (AMI) and a control group (21 blood donors). The serum levels of a-tocopherol and b-carotene were followed. Immediately after the treatment onset the level of a-tocopherol started to decrease, reaching a plateau after 24 h. The consumption of b-carotene was delayed by 90 min. Steady decline was detected during the whole time interval studied (48 h). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as a representative of antioxidant enzymes, was estimated in whole blood. The influx of oxygenated blood was accompanied by a stimulation of GPx activity, which reached its maximum at the time of completed reperfusion. When comparing the AMI patients with the control group, the levels of MDA were found significantly increased, which indicates that oxidative stress is already increased during ischemia. Lower antioxidant levels found in the patients might either already be the result of vitamin consumption during ischemia or be a manifestation of their susceptibility to AMI. Monitored consumption of a-tocopherol and b-carotene during reperfusion indicated that in the case of patients, whose level of antioxidant vitamins is below the threshold limit, a further substantial decrease of antioxidant vitamins during reperfusion could enhance the oxidative damage of the myocardium.
Mathematical model of the electromechanical heart contractile system: regulatory subsystem physiological considerations.
Authors: Mlček M , Neumann J , Kittnar O , Novák V
Published: June 2024

The biochemical model of excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocyte is presented and the validity of simulations of both physiological and pathological processes is discussed. The model of regulatory and actomyosin subsystems, even if it is rather simple in its regulatory subunit, gives results well consistent with experimental data. Specifically, intracellular free calcium levels ([Ca2+]i) were computed under various states of sarcoendoplasmic reticular Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2) and compared to experimental findings. Computed results reproduced well both the increase in resting [Ca2+]i level and the attenuation of [Ca2+]i decline commonly observed in heart failure. Thus the computational simulations could help to identify core relations in studied systems by comparing results obtained using similar models of various complexities.
Carnitine pretreatment can partially change the excitability of the immature nervous tissue
Authors: Marešová D , Rauchová H , Jandová K , Valkounová I , Koudelová J , Trojan S
Published: June 2024

The possible protective action of L-carnitine on neuronal excitability was studied in 21-day-old male Wistar rats with implanted electrodes. Administration of L-carnitine did not change the elicitation and duration of the epileptic seizures (cortical afterdischarges, ADs) in rats under normobaric oxygen atmosphere conditions. However, in animals exposed to 30 min hypobaric hypoxia the duration of the ADs was shortened after the second, fourth and sixth stimulation (in comparison with the first evoked ADs) while carnitine-treated rats retained their neuronal excitability and the duration of ADs was shortened only after the third stimulation.
Virginia Woolf's Apprenticeship
Authors: Daugherty Beth Rigel
Published: June 2024

This study takes up Virginia Woolf’s challenge in ‘The Leaning Tower’ to probe the relationship between a writer’s education and that writer’s literary work, specifically Virginia Stephen’s informal, solitary, and fragmented education and Virginia Woolf’s work as an essayist. Using extensive archival and primary research, some of which is shared in five appendices, it expands Virginia Stephen’s education beyond her father’s library to include not only a broader examination of her homeschooling but also her teaching at Morley College (an adult education institution for the working classes) and her early book reviewing. It places Virginia Stephen’s learning in the historical and cultural contexts of education for women, the working classes, and writers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Weaving together Virginia Stephen’s homeschooling, teaching, and writing for newspapers, this book demonstrates how these three apprenticeship strands would come to shape Virginia Woolf’s essay persona, essays, and relationship with readers. Virginia Stephen’s education under various teachers communicated curricula, conveyed pedagogies, and introduced her to communities, and that learning compelled Virginia Woolf to become a pedagogical essayist. By examining the lessons, practices, and results of her education on many of Virginia Stephen’s early book reviews and essays, this book shifts critical attention to Virginia Woolf’s essays, their content, characteristic traits, and methods.
Learning from Morley College
Authors: Daugherty Beth Rigel
Published: June 2024

This chapter delves into Virginia Stephen’s lack of preparation for teaching at Morley, her volunteer status, Mary Sheepshanks’ mentorship, and her students’ influence. Virginia Stephen lacked knowledge about the working classes and London’s diversity, and because early twentieth century institutions assumed teachers needed little professional training, did not receive much pedagogical guidance from Morley. Mary Sheepshanks, competent, hardworking and intelligent, had many things in common with the younger Virginia Stephen, but because she interacted with the teacher through a philanthropic rather than an intellectual viewpoint, their fraught attempts to discuss Stephen’s teaching led to Stephen’s defence of her methods and criticism of Morley’s. Sheepshanks taught Virginia Stephen about institutional constraints and Stephen’s pedagogy, however, both of which affected Virginia Woolf’s essays. Based on her letters and diary, Virginia Stephen learned the most about teaching (and writing) from her students; they gave her evidence of both deprivation and potential, showed her how to reach them, enlarged her world and sense of audience, and demonstrated the power of a classroom space to momentarily cross class barriers. Virginia Woolf would later work to create essays that functioned like Virginia Stephen’s classrooms, a place where writer and common reader could learn together.
Al-Tirmidhī’s Critique of Rationalism
Authors: Dajani Samer
Published: June 2024

This chapter studies the early mystic al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī and his critique of the Rationalist movement, especially the form of analogical reasoning (Qiyās) that they employed. It describes Tirmidhī’s mystical conception of the process of Ijtihād, and how he uses it to critique the Ḥanafī form of Qiyās. It also looks at his insistence on the importance of understanding the wisdom behind the rulings of the sharia, and his emphasis on the mercy of the divine prescriptions.
The Road to Classification
Authors: Sacco Daniel
Published: June 2024

This chapter broadly traces the various historical trajectories leading to the shift away from censorship and toward classification-oriented models of film regulation in the late modern West. It argues that the turn of the millennium marked the end of a gradual shift in cultural attitudes, in which the necessity of shielding potentially vulnerable viewers from offensive, and in some cases socially “dangerous” content, became secondary to the priority of protecting the rights of adult viewers to freely seek out whatever entertainment they wished. The chapter examines key factors underlying the motivations of British, Canadian, and Australian censorship boards to engage in a process rebranding: of loosening their restrictive regulatory policies and emphasizing the productive aspects of their role as institutional protectors of artistic freedoms.
The Banning of Fat Girl in Ontario
Authors: Sacco Daniel
Published: June 2024

This chapter examines the controversy surrounding the release of Catherine Breillat’s Fat Girl (2001) in Ontario, Canada. After refusing classification to this critically lauded film on the grounds that it constituted “child pornography” (underage characters were shown engaged in sexual activity), the Ontario Film Review Board drew scrutiny from the Canadian press, as well as several lawyers, filmmakers, and politicians who condemned the apparent lack of discretion in downgrading sophisticated artistic expression to the level of rough pornography. The lenient treatment of the film elsewhere, internationally as well as in neighbouring Canadian provinces, exacerbated the perception of the board as outmoded in its reasoning. As an evidently direct result, the OFRB eventually overturned its decision and amended its policies to limit its own ability to regulate mainstream narrative cinema.
Protecting Australians From Ken Park
Authors: Sacco Daniel
Published: June 2024

This chapter emphasizes the consistent centrality of viewer (and actor/character) age distinctions in the film classification practices of Australia, but also Britain, Canada, and America, noting the parallel propensities toward moral panic that has been fostered historically in each distinctive national-cultural milieu. It examines the reception of Larry Clark and Edward Lachman’s Ken Park (2002) in Australia, with specific focus on its unconditional (and still active) banning by the Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC), as well as the subsequent police raiding of an illegal protest screening that took place in Sydney in July of 2003. An analysis of the OFLC’s rationale for refusing classification to Ken Park highlights issue taken with the film’s “too realistic” depiction of “psychological abuse” of children, exemplified in a handful of its key sequences.
Wolf Creek ’s Hostile Audience
Authors: Sacco Daniel
Published: June 2024

This chapter examines the practice of cinemagoer polling, and its utilization in gathering what film studios view as actionable future intelligence. It focusses on director Greg McLean’s horror film Wolf Creek (2005) and its audience score of “F,” as calculated by the market research firm Cinemascore. Wolf Creek, a violent (though artistically rendered) and “distinctly Australian” genre exercise, joined eighteen other films that have received this failing score since the company’s founding in 1979. The chapter argues that the firm’s grades become de-facto reflections of how closely a film conforms to established expectations—a fact demonstrated throughout Wolf Creek’s complicated commercial and critical reception.
Ahmed Naim’in Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Gelişmeler Bağlamında Hadis Yorumculuğu -Tecrîd-i Sarîh Özelinde-
Authors: Karabulut Ethem
Published: June 2024

Toplumsal yapılar, sürekli bir değişim döngüsü içerisindedir. Bu değişimden kaynaklı ihtiyaçlar, dinî metinlerin yorumlanmasında da etkili olmuştur. Yorumlama faaliyetleri, toplumsal değişim faktörlerine bağlı olarak değişkenlik arz etmiştir. Bu faktörlerden bir tanesi de bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmelerdir. Hadislerin bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmeler bağlamında yorumlanması, her dönem güncelliğini korumuştur. Özellikle son iki asırda bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmeler, hadis yorumculuğunda belirgin bir faktör olarak öne çıkmıştır. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde “Batıcılık” merkezli toplumsal değişim süreci yaşanmıştır. Bunun sonucu olarak dinî alanda bir boşluk meydana gelmiş ve bilimsellik adı altında İslâm aleyhtarı bir söylem gelişmeye başlamıştır. Dinî hayatta oluşan bu boşluğu gidermek için “Kur’an ve Hadis Tercümesi Projesi” hayata geçirilmiştir. Hadis ile ilgili olarak, Zebîdî’nin kaleme aldığı Tecrîd-i Sarîh’in tercüme ve şerh edilmesi kararlaştırılmıştır. Tecrîd-i Sarîh’i tercüme ve şerh eden müelliflerden Ahmed Naim hem dinî ilimleri hem de Batı felsefesini iyi bilen bir âlimdir. Bu sebeple birçok konuyu, bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmeler bağlamında yorumlamıştır. Bu makalede, Ahmed Naim’in metafizik konular olan “cin” ve “mi’rac” ile ilgili yorumladığı hadisler incelenmiştir. Amaç, felsefeci kimliğiyle ön plana çıkan Ahmed Naim’in din-bilim ilişkisini nasıl ele aldığını, bilimsellik adı altında İslâm’a karşı olanlara verdiği cevapları, kullandığı bilimsel örneklemeleri ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde meydana gelen sosyal değişimi yorumlarına nasıl yansıttığını ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca, farklı disiplinlerde uzman olan Ahmed Naim'in interdisipliner yaklaşımıyla ve toplumsal değişime paralel olarak dinamik hadis yorumculuğuyla dikkat çeken bir şahsiyet olduğuna vurgu yapmak gerekir.
Communicative English Language Skills Improvement Programme (CELSIP) through Challenge-Based Learning.
Authors: Tudela Mahiques Mónica , Alcantud Díaz María
Published: June 2024

The unstoppable progress of technology combined with the circumstances caused by the past health crisis has led to new ways of learning and teaching EFL (English as a Foreign Language). This case study aims to create an adapted version of the already existing Communicative English Language Skills Improvement Programme (CELSIP) for Secondary Education and to implement it using a Challenge-Based approach to involve students more actively and to a greater extent in their learning process. This multimodal programme was designed to encourage autonomous learning by providing students with free tools to be more exposed to the target language and to improve students’ oral reception and production skills while responding to their personal needs and interests. For this study to be carried out, students worked autonomously during the challenge period, performed a challenge and reflected and self-assessed their learning progress through the tools provided to that end. The findings reported higher levels of motivation, better pronunciation in the target language (plurilingual competence) and new vocabulary acquisition.
Interactional linguistics and teaching Spanish as a foreign language: an empirical study in the classroom
Authors: Carmona García Juan Pablo
Published: June 2024

This article is based on the assumptions of interactional linguistics and combines elements of conversational analysis and applied discourse analysis in order to characterize communicative exchanges, as well as the strategies employed in negotiating meanings and constructing the interactional sense of B1 level students, according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), for Spanish as a foreign language.
The data used for the elaboration of this work were collected during the development of an ethnographic fieldwork (participant observation, self-observation, field diary elaboration, class monitoring, review of department programming and curriculum, analysis of class materials and others at the same level), carried out in a public education center in the city of Granada between January and June 2022. In total, thirty-seven hours of class in audio format were recorded and transcribed. The analysis of the data obtained is based on the concepts of interactional linguistics studies (Mondada, 2001; More and Nussbaum, 2013), discourse analysis (Gumperz, 1982; Calsamiglia and Tusón, 1999; Van Dijk, 2000; López, 2015), and conversation analysis (Sacks, Schegloff, and Jefferson, 1974, 1977; Sacks, 1992; Tusón, 1997, 2002).
The results extracted from this work help us to better understand the teaching-learning process in informal interactions in the Spanish classroom, as well as to guide our teaching activity to establish objectives, program activities, evaluate results, and develop in a more detailed way the oral communicative competence of our students.
Distributed Control of Hydrogen-Based Microgrids for the Demand Side: A Multiagent Self-Triggered MPC-Based Strategy
Authors: Pan Tingzhe , Hou Jue , Jin Xin , Yu Zhenfan , Zhou Wei , Wang Zhijun
Published: June 2024

With the global pursuit of renewable energy and carbon neutrality, hydrogen-based microgrids have also become an important area of research, as ensuring proper design and operation is essential to achieve optimal performance from hybrid systems. This paper proposes a distributed control strategy based on multiagent self-triggered model predictive control (ST-MPC), with the aim of achieving demand-side control of hydrogen-based microgrid systems. This architecture considers a hybrid energy storage system with renewable energy as the main power source, supplemented by fuel cells based on electrolytic hydrogen. The primary objective of this architecture is aiming at the supply and demand balance problem under the supply and demand relationship of microgrid, the service life of hydrogen-based microgrid energy storage equipment can be increased on the basis of realizing demand-side control of hydrogen energy microgrid system. To accomplish this, model predictive controllers are implemented within a self-triggered framework that dynamically adjusts the counting period. The simulation results demonstrate that the ST-MPC architecture significantly reduces the frequency of control action changes while maintaining an acceptable level of set-point tracking. These findings highlight the viability of the proposed solution for microgrids equipped with multiple types of electrochemical storage, which contributes to improved sustainability and efficiency in renewable-based microgrid systems.
Optimal Impulsive Orbit Transfers from Gateway to Low Lunar Orbit
Authors: Sanna Dario , Leonardi Edoardo Maria , De Angelis Giulio , Pontani Mauro
Published: June 2024

Gateway represents a key element of the Artemis program for the upcoming lunar exploration aimed at establishing a sustainable presence by the mid-2030s. This paper investigates minimum-fuel bi-impulsive orbit transfers from Gateway to low lunar orbits (LLOs) with a maximum time of flight of 48 h. Two distinct scenarios are analyzed: (i) target orbits with free right ascension of the ascending node (RAAN), and (ii) target orbits with specified RAAN. For case (i), a global optimization technique based on a heuristic algorithm is exploited to obtain the minimum-fuel transfer. Several inclinations of the target orbit are considered. For case (ii), two distinct techniques are proposed: (a) a purely heuristic approach, and (b) a semi-analytical method based on local refinement of a Lambert-based solution. Numerical propagations are conducted in all scenarios in a high-fidelity framework that includes all relevant perturbations. A comparison between the different strategies and the related numerical results is provided.
Unveiling a New Perspective on Cadmium-Induced Hormesis in Soil Enzyme Activity: The Relative Importance of Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics and Microbial Communities
Authors: Wu Junyang , Wu Zhongwei , Agathokleous Evgenios , Zhu Yongli , Fan Diwu , Han Jiangang
Published: June 2024

Hormesis in soil enzymes is well-established, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this novel study, we investigated the effects of low-dose Cd exposure (0, 0.03, 0.3, 3, and 30 mg·kg−1) in farmland soil within a typical constructed wetland environment. We assessed the activities of four soil enzymes (urease (URE), denitrification enzyme (DEA), dehydrogenase (DHA), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) at varying exposure durations (0 h, 24 h, and 48 h), evaluating hormetic characteristics across these time intervals. Additionally, we determined kinetic parameters, specifically the Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax), for these enzymes while examining potential alterations in microbial community structure. Our findings revealed hormesis in all four soil enzymes at 24 h of exposure, with varying stimulus width and maximum hormesis rates. Interestingly, heavy metals did not significantly influence the diversity of soil microbial communities, but they did inhibit the ability of soil microbial communities to secrete extracellular enzymes. This resulted in a reduction in the soil enzyme pool and a consequential shift in overall soil enzyme activities. The conclusion of this study is that low-dose Cd primarily reduced extracellular enzyme secretion by soil microorganisms, leading to a reduction in the size of the soil enzyme pool and thereby inducing hormesis in soil enzyme activities.
Response of Biostimulants Based on Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of the Glomeraceae on Maize Yield in a Farming Environment
Authors: Alao Luckman Tokumbo , Ouikoun Codjo Gaston , Hoteyi S. Mohamed Ismaël , Aguégué Ricardos Mèvognon , Koda Abdel Djihal , Assogba Sylvestre Abado , Amogou Olaréwadjou , Akpodé Corentin , Adoko Marcel Yévèdo , Agbodjato Nadège Adoukè , Ahoyo Adjovi Nestor , Adjanohoun Adolphe , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , Baba-Moussa Lamine
Published: June 2024

In the face of persistent soil degradation in Benin caused by poor agricultural practices, including excessive use of chemical fertilizers, it is urgent to find solutions that take into account the microorganisms of interest. This study aimed to assess the effect of combining three strains of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on maize production in northern Benin. The study involved 34 growers in Ouénou, Bagou and Kokey. The experimental setup consisted of three elementary plots with three treatments. Growth parameters were measured every 15 days, from the 15th to the 60th day after sowing, on ten plants per plot. Plant nutritional status, grain yield and mycorrhization were measured. The results showed that biostimulant + 50% NPK_Urea (N = nitrogen, P = phosphorus and K = potassium) had similar positive effects on growth parameters to those induced by the application of 100% NPK_Urea. Gains of 30.25% to 36.35% were recorded in plant height at Kokey. On the other hand, biostimulant+ 50% NPK_Urea induced a better phosphorus uptake of 21.08% to 27.77%. In addition, the grain yield of mycorrhizal plants was 8.37% higher than that of plants receiving 100% NPK_Urea at Ouénou. These results show that this technology could be integrated into the agricultural system to promote sustainable maize growing in Benin.