bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing to Water Governance and the Mitigation of Climate Change Effects
Authors: Ali Ilham , Famiglietti Jay , McLelland Jonathan
Published: April 2020

Water stress in both surface and groundwater supplies is an increasing environmental and sustainable management issue. According to the UN Environment Program, at current depletion rates almost half of the world's population will suffer severe water stress by 2030. This is further exacerbated by climate change effects which are altering the hydrologic cycle. Understanding climate change implications is critical to planning for water management scenarios as situations such as rising sea levels, increasing severity of storms, prolonged drought in many regions, ocean acidification, and flooding due to snowmelt and heavy precipitation continue. Today, major efforts towards equitable water management and governance are needed. This study adopts the broad, holistic lenses of sustainable development and water diplomacy, acknowledging both the complex and transboundary nature of water issues, to assess the benefits of a “science to policy” approach in water governance. Such negotiations and frameworks are predicated on the availability of timely and uniform data to bolster water management plans, which can be provided by earth-observing satellite missions. In recent decades, significant advances in satellite remote sensing technology have provided unprecedented data of the Earth’s water systems, including information on changes in groundwater storage, mass loss of snow caps, evaporation of surface water reservoirs, and variations in precipitation patterns. In this study, specific remote sensing missions are surveyed (i.e. NASA LANDSAT, GRACE, SMAP, CYGNSS, and SWOT) to understand the breadth of data available for water uses and the implications of these advances for water management. Results indicate historical precedent where remote sensing data and technologies have been successfully integrated to achieve more sustainable water management policy and law, such as in the passage of the California Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014. In addition, many opportunities exist in current transboundary and interstate water conflicts (for example, the Nile Basin and the Tri-State Water Wars between Alabama, Georgia, and Florida) to integrate satellite-remote-sensed water data as a means of “joint-fact finding” and basis for further negotiations. The authors argue that expansion of access to satellite remote sensing data of water for the general public, stakeholders, and policy makers would have a significant impact on the development of science-oriented water governance measures and increase awareness of water issues by significant amounts. Barriers to entry exist in accessing many satellite datasets because of prerequisite knowledge and expertise in the domain. More user-friendly platforms need to be developed in order to maximize the utility of present satellite data. Furthermore, sustainable co-operations should be formed to employ satellite remote sensing data on a regional scale to preempt problems in water supply, quantity, and quality.
Analisa Web untuk Memahami Perilaku Konsumen Online Studi Kasus “Store Steam Powered”
Authors: Supriyadi Endang
Published: April 2020

The development of internet users from year to year to date continues to increase, it can be known through a survey conducted Internet Worldstats. According to a survey conducted by Internet Worldstats, United Stated ranks 2nd of internet users worldwide after China. From the results of the survey shows that almost all activities / business activities undertaken by the world population and in particular the citizens of United State / America using internet facilities in all activities, especially transactions online. And one of the tools that can help to analyze online consumer behavior is by using web analytics. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how data analysis can be effectively used to understand current consumer behavior online. Expected with the use of web analytics, companies can predict future consumer behavior online and special messages on promotions that have been sent to each individual. Understanding the patterns and things on the web analytics is expected to help to develop business processes and the contents and design that need to be made especially "store steam powered". Store steam powered is one of Valve's web-based digital distributor. The main service that is done is steam game sales through an e-commerce web that aims to avoid piracy is very rampant at the moment.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ СУБЛІНГВАЛЬНОЇ АЛЕРГЕН- СПЕЦИФІЧНОЇ ІМУНОТЕРАПІЇ У ДІТЕЙ З ВЕСНЯНИМ ПОЛІНОЗОМ ТА ПИЛКОВО- ХАРЧОВИМ СИНДРОМОМ
Authors: С. Ю. Матвєєва  , Т. Р. Уманець
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of the study on the effectiveness and safety of sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy in children at the age from 4 to 17 years old with spring polinosis and birch-pollen allergy syndrome, which were assessed using visual analogue and combination scales, provocative tests and the results of component resolved diagnosis.
ПАРЕМИЧЕСКИЕ АЛЛЮЗИИ В МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРНОМ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОМ ДИСКУРСЕ САЛМАНА РУШДИ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РОМАНА “THE GROUND BENEATH HER FEET”)
Authors: Ирина Саакян
Published: April 2020

The article considers paremic allusions as units with rich cultural semantics, allowing to understand the information of cultural value provided in multicultural artistic discourse. It presents a detailed analysis of the examples of paremic allusions with the description of cases when allusion is combined with metaphor, simile, irony, sarcasm, epithet emphasizing expressive potential of allusive convergence.
FEATURES OF HEAT TRANSFER IN A FLAT POROUS MICROCHANNEL
Authors: Avramenko A.A. , Dmitrenko N.P. , Kovetska Yu.Yu. , Kondratieva E.A.
Published: April 2020

A steady heat transfer process of mixed convection in a flat vertical porous microchannel is considered.

The results of simulation showed that Knudsen number effects are more significant in the neighborhood of the wall where growth of Knudsen numbers is accompanied with the velocity and temperature jumps on wall. With increasing parameter of porosity M (decreasing permeability), the flow velocity decreases and the velocity jump decrease as well.

For all combinations of the criteria Ra, Kn and M increasing Knudsen number reduces heat transfer intensity. This can be attributed to increasing temperature jump on wall which causes deterioration of thermal interaction between the fluid and the wall.

For low Rayleigh numbers increasing parameter M leads to increasing heat transfer since the temperature jump decrease on walls. For large Rayleigh numbers the trend becomes reversed, since for larger parameters M, the near-wall velocity decreases.

For low Rayleigh numbers increasing the Knudsen number leads to decreasing hydraulic resistance coefficient, but with increasing parameter M leads to increasing this coefficient. At high Ra numbers increasing Knudsen number leads to growth of hydraulic resistance, which is due to increasing velocity gradient on the wall.
CFD SIMULATION OF TEMPERATURE REGIMES OF THE COMBUSTION ZONE OF STABILIZER-TYPE BURNERS WITH ASYMMETRIC FUEL SUPPLY
Authors: Fialko N.М. , Prokopov V.G. , Sherenkovskyi Ju.V. , Alioshko S.O. , Meranova N.O. , Rokytrko K.V.
Published: April 2020

The results of computer simulation of the heat state of the combustion zone and the burnup rate of fuel for stabilizer burners with asymmetric fuel distribution are presented. The features of temperature fields in this zone that are characteristic of the conditions under study are revealed. The analysis of these features in the aspect of their conditionality by the two-stage combustion of fuel gas is carried out.
POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS FOR USING AGRIBIOMASS FOR ENERGY IN UKRAINE
Authors: Geletukha G.G. , Zheliezna T.A. , Drahniev S.V. , Bashtovyi A.I.
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the work is to identify promising directions for using agribiomass for energy in Ukraine. Current state and prospects for the development of this segment of bioenergy are considered. Analysis of the strategic goals for bioenergy development set by the National Renewable Energy Action Plan until 2020 and Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035 shows that only wide involvement of agribiomass in the country's fuel and energy complex can ensure attainment of these goals. Ukraine has considerable potential of agricultural biomass. According to data of 2018, it is 10.1 Mtoe, which is 44% of the total bioenergy potential. The main constituents of agribiomass potential are cereal straw and by-products of grain corn production. Today, of the various types of agribiomass, sunflower husk is most actively used for energy: more than 63% of its potential. Utilization of the potential of other types of agricultural residues is between 0 and 3%. For Ukraine, the most promising direction is priority use of corn stover for energy. Feasibility study of corn stalks harvesting as well as production of briquettes and pellets from them was performed. Main factors affecting the cost-effectiveness of projects on solid biofuel production are cost of raw materials, manufacturing line productivity and sale price of the finished product. Results of the feasibility study show that corn briquettes and pellets can be competitive in the biofuel market of Ukraine, and their production can be a profitable business project.
EFFECT OF TURNING THE FLOW OF SECONDARY AIR IN THE BOILER'S BURNER SYSTEM ON THE THERMAL AND GAS DYNAMICS OF THE BOILER FIRING SPACE AND THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN THE ACTIVE COMBUSTION ZONE
Authors: Kobzar S.G. , Kovalenko A.V. , Khalatov A.A.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the work is computer simulation of the formation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion zone of the boiler of the CCI 312 with different twists of secondary air in the boiler burners. The organization of the vortex flow allows to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides due to the formation of a return flow, which ballasts the combustion zone by oxidation products. The limitation of this technique is to reduce the combustion temperature, which can lead to underburning.

The objective of the study is to determine the formation of nitrogen oxides based on computer simulation of the thermogas dynamics of the firing space of the boiler Chamber of Commerce and Industry 312 DTEK Ladyzhinskaya TPP when burning gas coal using spinning blades in the secondary air channels of the burners.

The following variants of the secondary air flow in the burners were investigated: 1) without twisting the flow, both in the outer annular channels and in the internal channels of the burners (the variant is taken as the baseline for comparison); 2) 8 blades in the outer annular channels in their absence in the internal channels; 3) 24 blades in the outer annular channels in their absence in the internal channels; 4) 8 blades each, both in the outer annular canals and in the internal canals; 5) 24 blades, both in the outer annular canals, and in the internal canals.

With an increase in the number of blades, the pressure drop increased, which was necessary to overcome their resistance. The greatest effectiveness of the use of turbulent blades is observed in the range of their total number from 8 to 16.

The expression for the relative change of the amount of nitrogen oxide emissions and the fan power required to overcome the resistance of turbine blades was obtained.
MAIN TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT BIOFUELS MARKET IN THE EU AND UKRAINE
Authors: Geletukha G.G. , Zheliezna T.A. , Drahniev S.V. , Bashtovyi A.I.
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the work is to analyze the perspective directions for the development of transport biofuels sector in Ukraine. Current state and prospects for the production and utilization of transport biofuels in the EU are presented. It is shown that the consumption of transport biofuels in the European Union increased quite dynamically during 2004-2012, experienced a stagnation period for the next four years and started to rise again from 2017. Directive (EU) 2018/2001 (RED II) sets the mandatory target of achieving 14% of renewable energy in the EU transport sector by 2030, with a mandatory share of second generation biofuels. Analysis of the situation in Ukraine shows that the production of bioethanol and biodiesel, unfortunately, has not reached wide development. Over the past twenty years, several relevant programs were developed and approved in the country, but their implementation was not successful in terms of achieving the goals. Today, there are about 20 bioethanol producers in Ukraine with a total capacity of more than 300 kt/yr, but only 8 enterprises with a total capacity of 128 kt/yr are operating. It is known that 14 biodiesel plants with a total capacity of 300 kt/yr have been built in Ukraine, but at present they are actually idle. In addition, there are about 50 smaller enterprises capable of producing up to 25 kt of biodiesel per year, but no reliable information on the actual activity of these enterprises is available. It is obvious that the sector of transport biofuels is currently in a state of stagnation in Ukraine. To improve the situation, it is necessary to implement the consistent state policy and appropriate incentive instruments.
MEDICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL RATIONALE FOR OPTIMIZATION OF CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL DOCTORS IN THE FIELD OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND COMORBIDITIES
Authors: Lasytsia T. S. , Moroz G. Z. , Hidzynska I. M.
Published: April 2020

State Institution of Science «Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine» State Administrative Department, Kyiv, Ukraine

Purpose: to evaluate the awareness about the coronary heart disease (CHD), associated with comorbidities, amongst the internists of the State Institution of Science «Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine» State Administrative Department (SIS «RPC PCM» SAD), with the consequent working out of the study module «Comorbidities in patients with CHD: up-to-date treatment requirements».

Material and methods. This integrated medical and sociological study was based on data derived from the anonymous survey of 48 medical doctors (MDs) of SIS «RPC PCM» SAD (7 males and 41 females), performed by the use of dedicated questionnaire. The age of respondents varied from 32 to 72 years; the average age was 53,1±1,17 years; the average length of service was 27,8±1,35 years. Statistical data analysis was performed by the use of standard statistical package (Statistica v. 6.0).

                Results and discussion. On the whole, the SIS «RPC PCM» SAD MDs pointed at the comprehensive approach to the assessment of patients` health status: 97,9±2,1 % of respondents payed attention to the presence of comorbidities while planning the examination and treatment of patients with CHD. The most prevalent comorbidities were as follows: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic cholecystitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and osteochondrosis. We established that MDs had the high competence in the risk factors modification in CHD patients: 95,8±2,9 % of doctors pointed to the fact that they discussed with their patients the issues regarding the risk factors modification. The principal items the MDs payed attention at were as follows: smoking cessation (93,8±3,5 %), body mass control (93,8±3,5%), adherence with the proper level of physical activity (87,5±4,8 %), nutrition (83,3±5,4 %), the necessity of the control of blood pressure (87,5±4,8 %) and total cholesterol level (66,7±6,8 %).

Conclusion. According to the sociological study results, we ascertained the principal statements of the parts of the study module «Comorbidities in patients with CHD: up-to-date treatment requirements», and 95,8±2,9 % of MDs considered it as such to be implemented in the study process.
THE ADVANTAGES OF USING THE UNIFIED MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS FOR PREVENTION OF CHRONIC NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Authors: Mazepa Yu. S. , Shestak N.V.
Published: April 2020

The aim is to analyze the advantages of introducing medical information systems in the healthcare institution in order to improve work on the prevention of NCDs through the example of the State Institution of Science “Scientific and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine” of the State Administrative Department (hereinafter referred to as SIS “SPC PCM” of the SAD).

Materials and methods. The method of structural and logical analysis and the bibliosemantic method of research have been used in the work. The bibliosemantic method was used to examine the state of studying the problems of NCDs, modern medical information systems both in Ukraine and in the world, and the ways to solve them through the analysis of WHO data, sources of literature, and electronic resources. The method of structural and logical analysis made it possible to distinguish, to logically structure and to create links between the introduction of the unified medical information system and the results from working with patients with NCDs, established a modern analysis and information system for monitoring the health status of the population, created information and reference system to ensure the educational process on specific issues and approaches, including the prevention of NCDs, regulated a synthesis of the results, that ensured a library and patent and licensing work in the scientific institution.

Research results and their discussion. The use of the unified medical information system in the healthcare institution is an effective way to disseminate, control, and make available the information, and also to ensure long-term communication between the patient and the doctor on issues related to the prevention of NCDs.
THE STUDY OF PATIENTS` EXPECTATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF SATISFACTION OF THEIR PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS RELATED TO MEDICAL CARE
Authors: Pylypenko N. , Sydorenko O. , Shestak N.
Published: April 2020

Purpose: the study the patients` expectations in the context of satisfaction of their psychological needs related to «health professional – patient» communication.

Material and methods. The pilot survey of 58 persons (20 males and 38 females, aged from 21 to 70 years) was performed by the use of dedicated questionnaire regarding the patients` expectations about the «health professional – patient» communication. The questionnaire included 10 statements related to different aspects of «health professional – patient» communication. The respondents were asked to rank the statements (1 through 10) depending the importance of each aspect in total «health professional – patient» communication hierarchy. We used bibliosemantic, comparative and empirical methods for data analysis.

                Results and discussion. The pilot survey demonstrated that the following aspects of «health professional – patient» communication are equally important for both males and females: feeling of emotional comfort, the active doctor`s position; the doctor`s interest in the patient`s situation, not indifferent attitude and sincere desire to help. Males, as compared to females, were more demanding on the following aspects: the doctor`s readiness for dialogue, the doctor`s ability to listen to patient`s concerns about health status, process and outcomes of treatment; receiving information from the doctor in an accessible manner regarding the key aspects, purpose and prospects of treatment; receiving information from the doctor regarding the prevention of disease occurrence and/or recurrence; a clear, reasoned doctor`s explanation of the need for treatment. We established the difference between males and females in the priority of such aspect, as the doctor`s statements disposed a patient to a positive treatment outcomes. In contrast to males, that aspect was ranked by females as one of the most important points in «health professional – patient» communication.

Conclusion. Dialogical, collegial and collaborative interaction models could predominantly interpret the patients` expectations about the «health professional – patient» communication. These models assume shared decision-making, trust in doctor-patient relationship, and receiving all necessary information from the doctor regarding the patient`s health status and treatment process.
PATIENTS` AWARENESS ABOUT ARTERIAL HYPERTNESION. THE ROLE OF NURSE STAFFING
Authors: Mararash H.H.
Published: April 2020

Purpose: to evaluate the patients` awareness about arterial hypertension (HYP), and to clarify the role of nurse staffing in HYP prevention.

Material and methods. We enrolled 120 HYP patients receiving follow-up care in Municipal Out-Patients` Clinic #1 (males – 43,3 %, females – 56,7 %; age ranged from 23 to 79 years). The awareness about HYP was evaluated by means of questioning. All the enrolled patients participated in the survey. Along with the survey, we performed blood pressure check and discussed with patients the issues regarding healthy life-style, risk factors modification and the potential HYP complications. Survey data analysis was performed by the use of Statistica v. 10.0 software package.

Results and discussion. The HYP anamnesis duration was characterized by significant variation. The majority of respondents (82 %) pointed at HYP duration more than 10 years. The blood pressure checking revealed the predominance of degrees 1 and 2 of HYP. About the half of patients (n=59 [49,2 %]) were aware of their health status due to the long-term disease, along with 48 (40,0 %) patients who were insufficiently aware of their condition. Finally, 13 (10,8 %) patients had lacked interest in their disease, suggesting the passive and irresponsible attitude towards their own health.

Conclusions. The effectiveness of preventive healthcare, as one the nurse staffing activities, is influenced by the following factors: key aspects, format and levels of preventive measures; patient-nurse partnership; material and technical support; patients` needs and interests; and the nurse`s ability to be creative.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF HEAD RADIAL BONE FRACTURE IV TYPE BY MASON-HOTCHKISS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CEMENTLESS BIPOLAR MODULAR ENDOPROSTHESIS OF THE HEAD RADIAL BONE
Authors: Shcherbakov D. E. , Makarov V. B. , Boiko I. V. , Lazarenko H. O.
Published: April 2020

Aim. The author of the article shows the features of the surgical technique of implantation of the developed cementless modular bipolar endoprosthesis of the head of the radial bone with a pair of metal-metal friction.

Materials and methods. The developed cementless modular bipolar endoprosthesis of the radial head with a pair of metal-metal friction. Indications for endoprosthetic of the head of the radial were the fracture of the head IV, according to Mason-Hotchkiss. The result of the treatment was assessed by the Mayo Elbow Performance Score evaluation system.

Results and discussion. At fractures on Mason-Hotchkiss IV type, the endoprosthetic of the head of a radial bone is applied. The use of the developed modular endoprosthesis of the head of the radial made it possible to restore the stability of the elbow joint, to resume rotational movements of the head radial, while maintaining the functional volume of flexion-extensor movements, and also to restore the length of the radial bone.

Conclusions. The use of the developed advanced cementless bipolar modular endoprosthesis of radial head fracture-dislocation type IV by Mason-Hotchkiss allowed obtaining a good result, according to the assessment of the MEPS clinic (88.5 scores) in 6 months after surgery.
FEATURES OF PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS AT LAPAROSCOPIC ANTIREFLUX INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Cherniy V. I. , Shtompel I. V.
Published: April 2020

Aim. The analyzing current available literature on the problem of anesthesiology of antireflux interventions in patients with hernias of the esophageal aperture.
Materials and methods. Biblosemantic, comparative and systems analysis. The suggested recommendations are based on the data of contemporary literature analysis, the results of randomized trials and meta-analyzes, devoted to the study of the problem of anesthesiology of antireflux surgery.
Results and discussion. The analyzing the problems of anesthesia and analgesia in patients with hernias of the esophageal aperture, it is necessary following next concepts: general inhalation anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery, should be taking into account the technical features of surgery, as well as, the injection and diffusion of CO2 in tissue in time of carboperitoneum, in the same time, besides that to guarantee rapid awakening of the patient without residual sedation. The possibility of developing specific late complications, as well as, ruptures of the esophagus and stomach, pneumothorax makes adjustments in the tactics of the introduction in this category of patients in the perioperative period.The choice of anesthesia method is greatly determined the length of the post-anesthetic rehabilitation period, the stay of the patient with artificial ventilation of the lungs, the need and the length of stay in the intensive care unit.
Conclusions. Ourday the question is still remain, which of the methods of inhalation anesthesia Low flow anesthesia or Minimal flow anesthesia is better,  in the case of the requirements of comfort, patient’ safety and pharmacoeconomic feasibility.The principles of accelerated rehabilitation are possible not only if the surgical invasion is reduced, but also with the use of managed general anesthesia with adequate perioperative anesthesia.The operation of the patient in time is the best method of prevention of many early and delayed complications of the postoperative period. This provision has been validated by numerous clinical trials and is rarely take into account at present.The ideology of inhaled anesthesia involves not only sufficient control over the depth of anesthesia, but also predictability at the stage of anesthesia.
THE CEREBRAL CHRONIC ISCHEMIA, THE INTERACTION OF CEREBRO-CARDIAL SYSTEM STUDIES. CREATION OF PATHOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE BRAIN
Authors: Cherniy T. V.
Published: April 2020

Concerning all etiological factors for the increasing factors of Chronic Cerebral Ischemia (CCI) fits into the concept of the creation of a stable pathological system in the central nervous system (CNS).

Aim. The evaluation of the increasing factors for the formation of a pathological system of the brain, peculiarities of cerebro-cardial interactions with the help of parameters of quantitative electroencephalography and heart rate variability in patients with CNS of different genesis.

Materials and methods. At aged from 40 to 68 were comprehensively examined 88 people in dynamics in the period from 2016 to 2019. The registration of brain biopotentials was recorded using Tredex Expert computer-based electroencephalograph. For the analysis of EEG, the amplitude-time representation of an unsteady signal and its result of continuous wavelet transform were used. In the dynamics of therapy, an analysis of quantitative EEG (qEEG), heart rate variability (HRV) (Utas UM 200) was proceed.

Results and discussion. Using the method of quantitative EEG with a wavelet conversion of a stationary EEG signal [9], the formation and destruction of stable pathological systems of the brain in patients with stroke, transient cerebral ischemia (TCI), MCI grade 2 were studied. In patients with MCI grade 2, in contrast to the “healthy brain”, the role of the “central contour” of regulation of heart rate variability shifts from the vegetative centers of the medulla oblongata to the region of diencephalic formations; in the thalamus area; into the hypothalamic zone. In patients with stroke, the role of the "central contour" is shifted to the region of limbic-hippocampal formations, the diencephalic zone, the area of the thalamus and ascending thalamocortical pathways. In patients with TCI, the role of the “central contour” shifts to the cortical region (signs of cortical irritation), diencephalic zone, thalamus and descending corticothalamic pathways.

Conclusions. The positive effect of therapy when acting on the formed pathological system should be considered the appearance of an EEG on the wavelet graph in parallel with the dominant frequency of the subdominant frequency in the alpha range, the movement of the “central contour” of regulation of heart rate variability in the region of the vegetative centers of the medulla oblongata.
Protest Voting in Eastern Germany
Authors: Patton David F.
Published: April 2020

In 1989-1990, peaceful protests shook the German Democratic Republic (GDR), ushered in unification, and provided a powerful narrative of people power that would shape protest movements for decades to come. This article surveys eastern German protest across three decades, exploring the interplay of protest voting, demonstrations, and protest parties since the Wende. It finds that protest voting in the east has had a significant political impact, benefiting and shaping parties on both the left and the right of the party spectrum. To understand this potential, it examines how economic and political factors, although changing, have continued to provide favorable conditions for political protest in the east. At particular junctures, waves of protest occurred in each of the three decades after unification, shaping the party landscape in Germany.
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENDAPATAN USAHATANI ALPUKAT DI KELOMPOK TANI KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Tamalia Dytanti Ilmiansi , Santoso Siswanto Imam , Budihajo Kustopo
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research is to know the level of avocado farm income and to know the influence of production quantity, labor cost, fertilizer cost, and selling price of avocado to farmer's income in Bandungan and Sumowono District, Semarang Regency. The study was conducted from January to March 2017 in Bandungan and Sumowono Districts. The method used in this research is survey method. The method used in determining the location of the research is purposive and the sampling method using random sampling method, and the number of respondents is determined by quota of 20 farmers in Bandungan and 20 farmers in Sumowono District. The analysis used is income analysis, profitability, one sample t-test, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the average income of farmers per year amounted to Rp 32,881,705.00, the average of profitability is 7.72%, and one sample t-test showed that the significance level is 0.044, so it can be concluded that avocado farming that is done by farmers is generate profitable income, while the result of production factors that positively affect the net income of avocado farmers is the amount of production, labor cost, and selling price of avocado. The fertilizer cost factor does not positively affect the net income of avocado farmers.Keywords: Income, Profitability, Production quantity, Production cost, Avocado.
APLIKASI MODEL E-MARKETPLACE DALAM E-AGRIBUSINESS
Authors: Fachriyan Hilmi Arija , Wijaya I Putu Eka
Published: April 2020

Economic activity is currently entering an era called the era of digital economy. Digital economy involves the process of e-business or e-commerce that utilizes the internet network. The rapid growth of internet users in Indonesia has affected the agribusiness sector to adopt e-commerce called e-agribusiness.In line with the development of the internet, a new understanding of electronic marketing paradigm in e-agribusiness in the form of e-marketplace. Some agribusiness e-marketplace sites have been born in Indonesia such as "agromaret.com", "kecipir.com", "limakilo.id", and "agribisnispedia.com". These five agribusiness e-marketplaces each have their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Basically, the success of an e-marketplace depends heavily on the level of involvement of the participating participants. The lack of e-marketplace reliability is often criticized as one of the key factors that reduce the confidence of sellers or buyers to participate. The process of maturing the e-marketplace is needed to influence the user's perception of the quality of the technical service, the quality of the content service and the quality of customer service. Therefore, there is pressure on the provider side to improve the quality of its services and offer something unique above industry standards to achieve a competitive advantage over other agribusiness e-marketplaces. Keywords:e-commerce, e-agribusiness, e-marketplace.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN UNSUR HARA LIMBAH CAIR TEH HIJAU SEBAGAI BAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADA BIBIT TEH
Authors: Muningsih Retno , Ciptadi Gunawan
Published: April 2020

Tea shoots processing intended to alter the chemical composition of fresh tea shoots, so bring the desired properties. Freshly plucked tea leaves containing water 75% of the weight of the leaves. The water contained in the leaves removed through the process of withering and drying in the processing of green tea. Green tea liquid waste obtained from the milling process and not used optimally, it needs a touch technology that can turn liquid waste into useful liquid organic fertilizer. The use of an activator / starter (micro-organisms) in green tea liquid waste is an alternative technology to improve the health and fertility of the soil and plants. The purpose of this study to determine the benefits of using liquid waste of green tea on the growth of tea seeds. Results of analysis of the utilization liquid waste of green tea with the addition of starter (EM-4) has not shown any real effect on the percentage of seedling growth and seedling growth (plant height, number of leaves and greenery). Keywords: liquid waste, green tea, organic matter.
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS USAHATANI PADI ORGANIK DI PAGUYUBAN AL-BAROKAH KECAMATAN SUSUKAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Novitaningsih T. , Santoso S. I. , Setiadi A.
Published: April 2020

The aims of this research are to find out the ammount of profit, profitability, R/C Ratio, and analyzing the ammount of production during 5 years of organic rice farming in the Al-Barokah community, Susukan District, Semarang Regency. This study was conducted on December 2016 – January 2017 in Ketapang Village, Susukan, Semarang. The study method used to collect the data was survey method. The data collected of study was the primary data and the secondary data. The location in this research is selected by several considerations, such as Al-Barokah association is one of farming trade association that uses organic farming system. The populations retrieval used purposive method, then determine the number of samples used the slovin formula. The respondent in this research are 81  farmers  of organic rice. The data analyzed of study was the farming income, R/C Ratio, profitability and trand analysis. Based on the result of income analysis, R/C Ratio and profitability has done that organic rice farming is very feasible and very profitable.Keywords: profitability analysis, farming, organic rice.
ANALISIS PEMASARAN KERIPIK TEMPE DI DESA LEREP KECAMATAN UNGARAN BARAT KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Pratiwi Arinda Afif , Hastuti Dewi , Istanto Istanto
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study are to determine the number of marketing channels, the amount of marketing margins and marketing efficiency of tempe chips in Lerep Village, West Ungaran District Regency. The basic method of research used is descriptive method of analysis. Determination of the sample area is done purposively in Lerep Village, West Ungaran District Regency. The number of respondents as many as 15 respondents. Data analysis cost analysis and marketing margin of each marketing channel, analysis of marketing efficiency of tempe chips each channel. The results showed that there are three channels of marketing tempe chips. Channel I consists of: Producer - Final Consumer, Channel II consists of: Manufacturer - Retailer - Final Consumer and Channel III consists of : Manufacturer - Wholesaler - Retailer - Final Consumer. Total marketing margin value on channel I is Rp. 4,380, channel II is Rp. 4,500, - and channel III is Rp. 4,500. The cost incurred on channel I is Rp. 120, on channel II of Rp. 513 and on channel III is Rp. 815. The marketing of tempe chips has shown an efficient value. It can be seen from marketing efficiency value of each channel is channel I equal to 0,26%, channel II equal to 1,18%, and channel III equal to 1,87%. Channel II is an efficient channel in the marketing of tempe chips everyday. Keywords:  Tempe Chips, Marketing Channels, Marketing Margin, Marketing Efficiency
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHATANI UBI JALAR (Ipomoea batatas L.) VARIETAS CILEMBU DI DESA KEPUNDUNG KECAMATAN REBAN KABUPATEN BATANG
Authors: Chasanah Laili , Sasongko Lutfi Aris , Subantoro Renan
Published: April 2020

This Research aims to know the revenue level, and the feasibility level of Cilembu Varieties Sweet Potato Farming in terms of BEP and R/C. The basic method used is descriptive. Determination of location sample is done purposively. The data used are primary and secondary data. The data was collected by interview, recording and observation. The respondents in this study were 25 farmers. Based on research the total cost is Rp.1,423,483/planting season (for 0.1-0.15 ha land area), Rp.2,761,542/planting season (for 0.2-0.25 ha land area) and Rp.6,278,958/planting season (for 0.3–0.5 ha). Total costs consist of equipment depreciation costs, tax cost, tractor cost of fertilizer costs, pesticide costs, female labor costs, male labor costs, transport cost and sack costs. While revenue is Rp.1,535.000/planting season (for 0.1–0.15 ha), Rp.3,768,571/planting season (for 0.2–0.25 ha), Rp.8,666,667 planting season (for 0.3-0.5 ha). Based on the calculation, it is known that the average return sweet potato farm is Rp.111,518/planting season (for 0,1–0,15 ha), Rp.1,007,030/planting season (for 0.2–0.25 ha) and Rp.2,387,708/planting season (for 0.3–0.5 ha). BEP value of production quantity is equal to 1,311 kg/planting season (for 0.1–0.15 ha), 2,099 kg/planting season (for 0,2–0,25 ha) and 6,279 kg/planting season (for 0.3– 0.5 ha. While Break Even Point on price is Rp.1,079/kg (for 0.1–0.15 ha), Rp.1,179/kg (for 0.2–0.5 ha) and Rp.752/kg (for 0.3–0.5 ha). Based on the analysis of the R/C with a value of 1.07 for land area 0.1-0.5 ha, 1.36 for 0.2-0.25 ha land area and 0.38 for 0.3-0.5 ha.Keywords: Sweet Potato, Revenue, Return, BEP, R/C
EVALUASI CEMARAN BAKTERI PADA SUSU DI TINGKAT PETERNAK, LOPER, DAN KUD DI KECAMATAN GETASAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Widiyastuti Any , Harjanti Dian Wahyu , Setiani Bhakti Etza
Published: April 2020

This research was conducted to evaluate the bacterial contamination in fresh milk from farmers, milk collectors, and dairy cooperative (KUD) in Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency. The evaluation of bacterial contamination has been observed by the number of bacteria, milk distribution time, reductation test, alcohol test and pH test of fresh milk samples which had been taken from 30 farmers, 30 milk collectors and 4 dairy cooperatives in Getasan Subdistrict. The result showed that in the farmers, there is 1 positive alcohol test from 30 samples, pH 6, reductation time of 7 hours, and has total bacteria 3.01 × 105 cfu / ml milk. The alcohol test of the milk from collectors also show 1 positive result from 30 samples with pH 6, reduction time of 6 hours and has total bacteria 6.17 × 105 cfu / ml milk. While in alcohol test of dairy cooperative shows 2 positive result, from 4 samples with pH 6, reductation time of 5 hours and has total bacteria 1.38 × 106 cfu / ml milk. The duration of milk distribution from farmer to KUD were 111 minutes. Thus, it is concluded that microbiological quality of milk in farmers and milk collectors level is good because it is below the maximum limit of total bacteria according to Indonesian Standart, but the amount of bacteria milk contamination in dairy cooperative is high due to the duration of distribution (111 minutes) without cooling.Keywords: bacterial count, milk quality, milk safety, distribution time
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS DAN BREAK EVEN POINTUSAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER MILIK “DAMIN FARM” DI DESA PERBALAN KECAMATAN GUNUNGPATI SEMARANG
Authors: N Gultom, L. B. , Santoso S I. , Suprijatna E.
Published: April 2020

The research intends to know the profitability and Break Even Point implemented in the Perbalan Village, Gunungpati, Semarang. Research obtained by Damin Farm with cattle scale ≥ 12000 chickensin Perbalan Village, Gunungpati, Semarang. The method used in this research is survey method. The study took place from June to August 2016. Data collection consisted of primary and secondary data. The data used in the research is direct interview and observation. Primary data were obtained through direct interviews with respondent owners and labor farms based on the questionnaire. The results showed that the calculation of total variable costs with the scale of the amount of broiler chicken maintenance as much as 10.000 – 13.000 1st periode to 10th period is Rp. 2.996.584.152 and total production cost from 1st periode to 10th period is Rp 3.119.435.929 and the average profitability obtained at Damin Farm broiler farm is as much as 6,84%, while the average of BEP is 2749,068 kg.Keywords: Number of chickens, variable cost, production cost, profitability and Break Even Point
TINGKAH LAKU MAKAN DAN RUMINASI PADA KAMBING KACANG JANTAN PADA UMUR MUDA DAN DEWASA DENGAN KUANTITAS PEMBERIAN PAKAN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Argisyamanti Rahmawati , Sutaryo Sutaryo , Purnomoadi Agung
Published: April 2020

TINGKAH LAKU MAKAN DAN RUMINASI PADA KAMBING KACANG JANTAN PADA UMUR MUDA DAN DEWASA DENGAN KUANTITAS PEMBERIAN PAKAN YANG BERBEDA
PENAMBAHAN AIR PERASAN JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantiifolia) SEBAGAI ACIDIFIER TERHADAP BOBOT RELATIF, PANJANG RELATIF USUS HALUS DAN KONSUMSI PAKAN AYAM BROILER
Authors: Pratama Aditya Surya , Yudiarti Turrini , Isroli Isroli
Published: April 2020

The aim of the research was to improve the relative weight, relative length and dietary of the broilers’ small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) with the slight squeeze of the lime as acidifier. The research was conducted according to completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 6 replications (each experimental unit consisted of 5-6 broilers). Treatments were T0 (normal), T1 (5mL lime + 1000mL water), and T2 (10mL + 1000 mL water). Relative weight and relative length of the small intestine were not affected by the addiction of the lime, either dietary was not significantly affected by the addiction of the lime on the water as acidifier. The lime could not improve the dietary of the broiler.

Keywords: Broiler, Lime, Acidifier, Small Intestine, Dietary.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TEBU (Sacharum officinarum L) DI KECAMATAN PANGKAH KABUPATEN TEGAL
Authors: Alfatah Rahmat Abi , Hastuti Dewi , Prabowo Rossi
Published: April 2020

Purpose of this research is to know the acceptance level, income and the factors that is affecting the level of sugarcane farmers income. Regional sampling method and respondent sampling are conducted by purposive sampling method which is set a lend area sampled is 1 – 3,5 acres. Number of samples are taken by 59 respondents of the sugarcane farmers who are scattered in several villages at the Pangkah sub District. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis, cost analysis, revenue, income and multiple linear regression. The result of the study indicate that the average cost is obtained by the total cost Rp. 54.953.884. The revenue is obtained Rp. 82.979.127, while the income earned Rp. 28.025.243 every harvest time. The result of multiple liniear regression is known that the determination coefficient (R2) is 0.848. Meanwhile the result of testing t test obtained by educational factors have significant 0.042 which mean have a real impact to income at 5% real level. The ages factors have significant 0.001 which mean have a real impact to income at 1% real level. The land area have significant 0.044 which mean have a real impact to income at 5% real level. The labours have significant 0.001 which mean have a real impact to income at 1% real level. The amount of production have significant 0.000 which mean have a real impact to income at 1% real level.

Keywords: Income, Sugarcane, farmers, Regression, Pangkah
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KOTORAN KAMBING SEBAGAI TAMBAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADA PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI PRE-NURSERY
Authors: Tri Pamungkas Saktiyono Sigit , Pamungkas Eky
Published: April 2020

This research was conducted to knows the influence goat livestock waste fertilizer application for alternative additional organic fertilizer to palm oil seedling growth on pre-nursery phase. This reasearch was done in green house at Politeknik LPP. The methods was used is non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with compost (livestock waste fermentation) as primary factor. Dose was used for this reasearch consist of A0 (control), A1 (150 gram), A2 (200 gram), A3 (250 gram), A4 (300 gram). The result of analysis was showing these compost application for additional organic fertilizer to all variable (plant height, number of leaves, gross weight and dry weight) has no different significanly with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT), but on longest roots variable, DMRT test has significantly result at A3 dose (300 gram). The research conclusion is, compost application has influence as additional organik fertilizer for palm oil seddling on pre-nursery phase on longest roots variable with 300 gram dose (A3).

Keywords: pre-nursery, compost livestock, palm oil seddling.
ANALISIS MOTIVASI PETANI DALAM MENANAM KOPI SANGGABUANA DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG (STUDI KASUS DESA MEKARBUANA KECAMATAN TEGALWARU)
Authors: Wijaya I Putu Eka , Suhaeni Suhaeni , ’Azkiya Luthfi Nur
Published: April 2020

Sanggabuana coffee is a well known Robusta type coffee that has been cultivated in Karawang for years. This commodity has a high tolerance to diseases and has high caffeine, but in some ways has a cheaper price than Arabica type coffee. However, Sanggabuana coffee has been widely cultivated in Karawang and being the main commodity unique to Karawang. The purpose of this research is to know how high the motivation of the farmer to cultivate Sanggabuana coffee and the connection to the farmer motivation on the social-economic factor of cultivating Sanggabuana coffee. This research will be conducted in Karawang district (Case Study of Mekarbuana village, Tegalwaru sub-district) West Java, Indonesia, Using Primer dan secondary data set. Primer data gathered by direct interview to the farmer or selected respondents as a sample. Generally, respondents consist of the producer or Sanggabuana coffee farmer. Secondary data obtained from the department of agriculture in Karawang district, local agencies, and another related department. The sample is selected using Simple Random Sampling (SRS). The analysis method used in this research is Likert’s Summated Ratings and Spearman Rank Correlation. High motivation and social-economic that correlated to the level of education, experienced in farming and the number of family dependent possessed by the farmer as the result of this research.

Keywords: Motivation, Sanggabuana coffee, Correlation.