bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of right anterolateral thoracotomy versus median sternotomy on postoperative wound tissue repair in patients with congenital heart disease: A meta‐analysis
Authors: He Ruijing , Zhang Kai , Zhou Chunlong , Pei Chengcheng
Published: August 2023

Right anterolateral thoracotomy (RAT) and median sternotomy (MS) are two major methods for treatment of congenital cardiac disease. But there are various types of surgery that provide a better operative outcome for the patient. Therefore, we carried out a meta‐analysis to investigate the effects of these two methods in the treatment of wound tissue, hospitalization and so on, to find out which surgery method could provide the best short‐term effect. In this research, we chose an English controlled trial from 2003 to 2022 to evaluate the influence of right anterolateral thoracotomy and median sternotomy on the short‐term outcome of Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), time of operation, time spent in the hospital, and the time of scar formation. Our findings suggest that the RAT method was associated with a shorter surgical scars for congenital heart disease operations compared to MS with respect to post‐operation scars (WMD, 3.55; 95% CI, 0.04, 7.05; p = 0.05). The RAT method is better suited to the needs of patients who care about their injuries. Nevertheless, in addition to other surgery related factors which might affect post‐operative wound healing, we discovered that MS took a shorter time to perform CPB compared with RAT surgery (WMD, − 1.94; 95% CI, −3.39, −0.48; p = 0.009). Likewise, when it comes to the time taken to perform surgery, MS needs less operational time compared to RAT methods (WMD, −12.84; 95% CI, −25.27, −0.42; p = 0.04). On the other hand, the time needed for MS to recover was much longer compared to the RAT (WMD, 0. 60; 95% CI, 0.02, 1.18; p = 0.04). This indicates that while RAT is advantageous in terms of shortening the duration of post‐operative scar, it also increases the time needed for surgical operations and CPB.
DNA metabarcoding of cloacal swabs provides insight into diets of highly migratory sharks in the Mid‐Atlantic Bight
Authors: Olin Jill A. , Urakawa Hidetoshi , Frisk Michael G. , Newton Alisa L. , Manz Maria , Fogg Michael , McMullen Colin , Crawford Lisa , Shipley Oliver N.
Published: August 2023

The abundances of migratory shark species observed throughout the Mid‐Atlantic Bight (MAB) during productive summer months suggest that this region provides critical habitat and prey resources to these taxa. However, the principal prey assemblages sustaining migratory shark biomass in this region are poorly defined. We applied high‐throughput DNA metabarcoding to shark feces derived from cloacal swabs across nine species of Carcharhinid and Lamnid sharks to (1) quantify the contribution of broad taxa (e.g., invertebrates, fishes) supporting shark biomass during seasonal residency in the MAB and (2) determine whether the species displayed distinct dietary preference indicative of resource partitioning. DNA metabarcoding resulted in high taxonomic (species‐level) resolution of shark diets with actinopterygian and elasmobranch fishes as the dominant prey categories across the species. DNA metabarcoding identified several key prey groups consistent across shark taxa that are likely integral for sustaining their biomass in this region, including Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), and benthic elasmobranchs, including skates. Our results are consistent with previously published stomach content data for the shark species of similar size range in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, supporting the efficacy of cloacal swab DNA metabarcoding as a minimally invasive diet reconstruction technique. The high reliance of several shark species on Atlantic menhaden could imply wasp‐waist food‐web conditions during the summer months, whereby high abundances of forage fishes sustain a diverse suite of migratory sharks within a complex, seasonal food web.
Exploring the effect of dihydrotestosterone on nucleotide‐binding and oligomerization domain‐like receptor expression in spotted snakehead Channa punctata (Bloch 1793)
Authors: Chuphal Bhawna , Sathoria Priyanka , Rai Umesh , Roy Brototi
Published: August 2023

Sex steroids are known to modulate immune responses and as a result many of the immune parameters in seasonally breeding organisms show reproductive‐phase dependent variation. Androgens, the male sex steroids, are largely reported to be immunosuppressive. Together with other pattern recognition receptors, the nucleotide‐binding and oligomerization domain‐like receptors (NLRs) serve as intracellular sentinels and are essential to defense mechanisms. Interestingly, to date the transcriptional modulation of NLRs by androgens has not been explored. In the present study, we investigated the reproductive‐phase dependent expression of NLRs in the male spotted snakehead Channa punctata. Furthermore, the effect of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on NLR expression was studied. The expression of NLRs was observed to be most pronounced during the spawning phase of the fish, which is marked by the highest testosterone level. In vivo as well as in vitro studies showed the diverse effect of DHT on NLR expression depending on the duration and mode of treatment, as well as the immune tissue studied.
Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on gelatinization properties of potato starch
Authors: Li Haichuan , Hu Kailei , Liu Xuguang , Wang Wenjing , Chen Junran , Hu Yunfeng
Published: August 2023

In this research, the influences of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on gelatinization properties of potato starch (POS) were evaluated. The swelling power of POS was inhibited, and the leaching of amylose declined. The LBP increased the peak temperature (Tp), while decreased the enthalpy (ΔH) of gel from 6.62 to 4.87 J g−1. Compared with pure POS gel, the hardness of POS gel added with 0.6% LBP decreased by 13% after storage for 20 days. The syneresis of gels that exposed to four freeze–thaw cycles was significantly reduced from 65.8% to 41.2%. Rheological measurements revealed that the viscoelasticity of composites was enhanced. The addition of LBP can enlarge the particle size of composite gels, and make the microstructure of composite gels become smooth, compact, and thicker pore wall. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and interaction force test showed that the hydrophobic bond was likely to be the main force.

Practical applications

The incorporation of LBP could improve the gelling characteristics of POS‐based gel by delaying the change on gel hardness of POS composites during storage, and reducing the undesirable impact of freeze‐thawing treatment on POS gel system. The research outcome of the gelling characteristics of POS‐based gel can be used for frozen food, low‐temperature refrigerated food, and soft food. And the results of rheological behavior on POS‐based gel can be used in sauces, thickeners, and puddings.
Perinatal Telehealth: Meeting Patients Where They Are
Authors: Kissler Katherine , Thumm E. Brie , Smith Denise C. , Anderson Jessica L. , Wood Rachel E. , Johnson Rachel , Roberts Mia , Carmitchel‐Fifer Alex , Patterson Nicole , Amura Claudia R. , Barton Amy J. , Jones Jacqueline
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, studies of innovative telehealth perinatal care models showed similar clinical outcomes and perceived quality of care between groups receiving a combination of virtual video and in‐person visits. However, these studies included primarily White, English‐speaking participants, excluding those who were economically disenfranchised or did not speak English. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe perinatal patients’ and providers’ experiences with telehealth during and after the acute phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic to inform future utilization of telehealth to drive the delivery of high‐quality, accessible, and equitable perinatal care to diverse communities.

Methods

This descriptive qualitative study included a purposive sample of 14 patients and 17 providers who received or provided perinatal care via telehealth in either a certified nurse‐midwifery practice or the nurse‐family partnership care model between March 2020 and April 2022. Maximum variation sampling offered a diverse population based on race, ethnicity, and rurality. Researchers conducted 2 rounds of semistructured interviews with a focus on understanding social and geographic context.

Results

Six themes were identified through inductive analysis: (1) unexpected advantages of telehealth, (2) patient empowerment, (3) providers’ fear of adverse outcomes, (4) concern for equitable care, (5) strategies to enhance the telehealth experience, and (6) strategies to address access to perinatal telehealth. Patients appreciated the increased ease and reduced cost of accessing visits, which led to fewer missed appointments. Health care providers saw great opportunity in telehealth but expressed concerns about accessibility for patients with language barriers or limited resources.

Discussion

This study provides insight into priorities for continued telehealth utilization focused on providing equitable access to perinatal care. Rather than returning to practices from before the COVID‐19 pandemic formed from longstanding routines and perceived limitations, providers are encouraged to capitalize on the rapid innovations in telehealth to build a more effective, equitable, and patient‐centered approach to perinatal care.
Perception versus the reality of financial situation: The role of personality traits in the United States
Authors: Olajide Olamide , Asebedo Sarah , Lacombe Donald , Little Todd
Published: August 2023

An individual might have a net worth of $10,000 and believe they are in great shape financially, while another individual might have $100,000 and feel otherwise. Could personality explain this disparity between perception and reality of their financial situation? This study answers this research question using data from the 2018 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Findings from this study show that conscientious and extraverted consumers believe they are doing better than they are. Conversely, consumers who exhibit traits relating to neuroticism, openness to experience, and agreeableness think their financial situation is worse than it is. These findings have implications for consumers, professional advisors, and policymakers.
Neuropil‐like islands are a possible pathogenetic link between glioblastoma and gangliocytoma/ganglioglioma in a case of synchronous bilateral brain tumors
Authors: Ishizawa Keisuke , Adachi Jun‐ichi , Tamaru Jun‐ichi , Nishikawa Ryo , Mishima Kazuhiko , Sasaki Atsushi
Published: August 2023

Neuropil‐like islands (NIs) are a histologic hallmark of glioneuronal tumors with neuropil‐like islands (GTNIs), but GTNIs are presently not considered a homogeneous entity. The essence of GTNI is likely its glial component, and NIs are now considered aberrant neuronal differentiation or metaplasia. The case we report herein is a 41‐year‐old woman who was synchronously affected by two brain tumors: one was a glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM), of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)‐wild type, with NIs in the left parietal lobe, and the other was histologically a composite gangliocytoma (GC)/anaplastic ganglioglioma (GG) with NIs in the right medial temporal lobe. While both tumors were genetically wild type for IDH, histone H3, and v‐raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF), the former tumor, but not the latter, was mutated for telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter gene (TERT). A recent systematic study using DNA methylation profiling and next‐generation sequencing showed that anaplastic GG separate into other WHO tumor types, including IDH‐wild‐type GBM. It suggested a diagnostic scheme where an anaplastic GG is likely an IDH‐wild‐type GBM if it is a BRAF wild type, IDH wild type, and TERT promoter mutant tumor. The likely scenario in this patient is that the GBM results from the progression of GC/anaplastic GG due to the superimposed TERT promoter mutation and the propagation of newly generated GBM cells in the contralateral hemisphere. A systematic analysis using DNA methylation profiling and next‐generation sequencing was not available in this study, but the common presence of NIs histologically noted in the two tumors could support this scenario. Although a sufficient volume of molecular and genetic testing is sine qua non for the accurate understanding of brain tumors, the importance of histologic observation cannot be overemphasized.
OsCM regulates rice defence system in response to UV light supplemented with drought stress
Authors: Jan R. , Kim N. , Asaf S. , Lubna  , Asif S. , Du X.‐X. , Kim E.‐G. , Jang Y.‐H. , Kim K.‐M.
Published: August 2023

Studies on plant responses to combined abiotic stresses are very limited, especially in major crop plants. The current study evaluated the response of chorismate mutase overexpressor (OxCM) rice line to combined UV light and drought stress.

The experiments were conducted in pots in a growth chamber, and data were assessed for gene expression, antioxidant and hormone regulation, flavonoid accumulation, phenotypic variation, and amino acid accumulation.

Wild‐type (WT) rice had reduced the growth and vigour, while transgenic rice maintained growth and vigour under combined UV light and drought stress. ROS and lipid peroxidation analysis revealed that chorismate mutase (OsCM) reduced oxidative stress mediated by ROS scavenging and reduced lipid peroxidation. The combined stresses reduced biosynthesis of total flavonoids, kaempferol and quercetin in WT plants, but increased significantly in plants with OxCM. Phytohormone analysis showed that SA was reduced by 50% in WT and 73% in transgenic plants, while ABA was reduced by 22% in WT plants but increased to 129% in transgenic plants. Expression of chorismate mutase regulates phenylalanine biosynthesis, UV light and drought stress‐responsive genes, e.g., phenylalanine ammonia lyase (OsPAL), dehydrin (OsDHN), dehydration‐responsive element‐binding (OsDREB), ras‐related protein 7 (OsRab7), ultraviolet‐B resistance 8 (OsUVR8), WRKY transcription factor 89 (OsWRKY89) and tryptophan synthase alpha chain (OsTSA). Moreover, OsCM also increases accumulation of free amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and proline) and sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) ions in response to the combined stresses.

Together, these results suggest that chorismate mutase expression induces physiological, biochemical and molecular changes that enhance rice tolerance to combined UV light and drought stresses.
Factors associated with failure of cardiopulmonary function recovery after lung cancer surgery
Authors: Kong Sunga , Shin Sumin , Jeon Yeong Jeong , Lee Genehee , Cho Jong Ho , Kim Hong Kwan , Shim Young Mog , Cho Juhee , Kang Danbee , Park Hye Yun
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in cardiopulmonary function (CPF) and identify predictors of cardiopulmonary recovery failure after lung cancer surgery.

Methods

Data was obtained from a prospective CATCH‐LUNG cohort study, where patients were divided into two groups based on 6‐min walk distance (6MWD) at baseline and 6 months after surgery. CPF recovery failure was defined as a participant whose 6MWD dropped over 50 m from baseline to 6 months after surgery. Patients with a baseline 6MWD less than 400 m were excluded. The analysis was investigated using mixed effects models, and the relative estimates for the predictors were expressed relative risk (RR) and 95% CI using a Poisson regression.

Results

Among 419 patients, 24.1% and 17.7% showed failure of CPF recovery at 6 months and 1 year after surgery, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, baseline step count [RR per 1000 steps lower = 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01–1.09)], baseline dyspnoea [RR per 10 points higher = 1.15(1.07–1.23)], decreased FEV1% predicted from baseline to 2 weeks after surgery [RR per 10% lower = 1.30(1.10–1.53)] and decreased moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from baseline to 2 weeks [RR = 1.95(1.22, 3.11)] or persistent low MVPA at baseline and 2 weeks after surgery [RR = 1.63(1.04, 2.54)] were significant factors for loss of CPF.

Conclusion

The inability to recover CPF at 6 months after surgery was linked to reduction of lung function and MVPA from baseline to 2 weeks as well as baseline physical activity (PA) and dyspnoea. These results imply that engagement of perioperative PA is necessary to facilitate recovery of CPF after lung cancer surgery.
‘Show me you're trying, that's all…’: Exploring the discursive impact of punishments and incentives in theWelshhomelessness system as ‘controlled conditionalities’
Authors: England Edith
Published: August 2023

Discussion around sanctions within the welfare state has been largely framed within a Wacquantian understanding of punitive modes of governance, neglecting the discursive life of conditionality as a source of normative social control. I use a Critical Discourse Analysis of extended interviews with 98 actors within the Welsh homelessness system to propose that conditionality operates through sanctions to further an agenda of creating a context responsibilisation and empowerment. I draw upon Deleuze's Societies of Control approach, proposing the term ‘controlled conditionalities’ to account for the power of illusory freedom through opportunity, operating through tight control of choice. I show (1) that despite the changes to homelessness law in Wales, Wacquantian‐style punitive conditionality is perceived as largely irrelevant by those engaged in administering the system; (2) ‘controlled conditionalities’ operate through abandonment of welfare citizens (3) ‘controlled conditionalities’ operate primarily through curating a desire in applicants to be recognised as normative and compliant. The paper offers a nuanced counter to a prevailing understanding of punitivity as a dominant and effective form of welfare governance and advances theoretical approaches through the development of the concept of controlled conditionalities.
The efficacy and safety of endo‐radiofrequency for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Behrangi Elham , Atefi Najmolsadat , Mireshghollah Pardissadat , Goodarzi Azadeh , Dehghani Abbas , Zare Dehnavi Ali , Roohaninasab Masoumeh , Dilmaghani Sara , Lotfi Elaheh
Published: August 2023

Background

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic and recurrent disease of the axilla and groin with inflammatory lesions. There is no definitive medication or intervention to cure the disease. Radiofrequency (RF) is a modality to destroy the lesions by transferring heat into the skin. To date, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RF at HS.

Methods

This 9‐month, prospective, nonrandomized, and single‐blinded study is a clinical trial conducted in 10 patients with refractory HS. In all patients, the initial grade of HS was evaluated. The procedure involved treating HS of the axilla with a endo‐RF wave device. Post‐treatment evaluation included: determination of the severity of the disease by a blinded dermatologist, the degree of patient satisfaction, tolerability in each patient, and complications of the procedure. We also evaluate the recurrence of the disease during a 6‐month follow‐up.

Results

The satisfaction level after the intervention among under‐studied cases was excellent and good in six of cases. There was a significant difference in comparing the grading score of patients before and 3 months after receiving RF (P‐value: 0.01). Regarding tolerability, eight of the patients could tolerate it. We had no complication after the intervention and four cases had not recurrence during a 6‐month follow‐up.

Conclusion

Endo‐RF is an effective and safe modality for treating HS however to prevent the recurrence, periodic therapy sessions are needed.
Provision of HIV prevention and care services to farmworkers in sub‐Saharan African countries
Authors: Mlangeni Nosimilo , Adetokunboh Olatunji , Lembani Martina , Malotle Molebogeng , Ngah Vera , Nyasulu Peter S.
Published: August 2023

Objectives

To summarise data on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services available to farmworkers in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods

We conducted a systematic review to understand which HIV prevention and care services were accessed by farm workers in SSA. MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCO Host), Cochrane library, African Index Medicus, Scopus, Google Scholar, Open Grey, and Web of Science Proceedings Citation Index were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they measured or reported on the presence of HIV workplace policy frameworks, guidelines, or programmes for HIV prevention, treatment and care services, and other treatment modalities specifically targeting farmworkers.

Results

Nine studies published between 2005 and 2019 were included in the review. Six themes emerged from included studies, which include HIV policy, HIV prevention (awareness, education, and condom supply), voluntary counselling and testing, antiretroviral therapy (ART), linkage to care, and mobile clinic. Though availability of an HIV policy was inadequate, a significant positive impact of the HIV policy in influencing behaviour change was reported. Most of the farm workers could access HIV education and condom supply in their places of work. Access to ART, treatment support, and linkage to care was inadequate, but community outreach programmes and mobile clinics showed success in reaching a high number of workers with HIV testing and treatment. A majority of farm workers faced barriers in accessing government health facilities.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that there is poor access to HIV services for farmworkers in SSA. There is a dire need to scale up HIV services and programmes, including mobile health facilities, in agricultural settings. Due to high labour migration patterns among farmworkers, we recommend cross‐country HIV programmes that allow continuity of care across borders.
A Methodological Framework to Study Change in Team Cognition Under the Dynamical Hypothesis
Authors: van Eijndhoven Kyana , Wiltshire Travis J. , Hałgas Elwira A. , Gevers Josette M. P.
Published: August 2023

The dynamical hypothesis claims that cognitive systems, such as teams, are dynamical systems (i.e., an interdependent collection of individuals and their technology that change together over time). Following this hypothesis, team researchers have adopted dynamical approaches to better understand the team cognitive processes and states that formteam cognition, as well as how they emerge over time. One approach focuses onteam coordination dynamics, which examines the coupling of signals between interacting individuals in various modalities, and has been shown to reflect aspects of team functioning including team cognition. However, how changes in team coordination relate to high‐level team cognitive processes and states, as well as important events, are not yet fully understood. To this end, we advance a methodological framework for researching team cognition under the dynamical hypothesis. Subsequently, we provided an empirical case‐study application of this framework. Thereby, this work contributes methodologically and empirically to a deeper understanding of team cognition, the dynamical hypothesis, and the synergy between them.
A donor safety evidence literature review of the short‐ and long‐term effects of plasmapheresis
Authors: Hoad Veronica C. , Castrén Johanna , Norda Rut , Pink Joanne
Published: August 2023

Many blood establishments are expanding plasmapheresis collection capacity to achieve increasing plasma for fractionation volume targets, driven by immunoglobulin product demand. Some adverse events occur in both apheresis and whole blood collection, such as venepuncture‐related trauma and vasovagal reactions. Others are specifically related to the apheresis procedure, such as citrate reactions, haemolysis, infiltration and air embolism. Whilst plasmapheresis procedures are generally well tolerated, theoretical longer term donor health considerations, such as the effects on donor plasma protein levels, bone mineral density, iron deficiency and malignancy also require consideration. An evidence‐based framework that supports a safe and sustainable increase in the collection of plasma is essential. Our review demonstrates a lack of high‐quality evidence on risks and outcomes specifically in plasmapheresis. Whilst conservative procedural controls and donor harm minimization policies will mitigate risk, high‐quality evidence is needed to facilitate practice change that is safe and sustainable and maximizes the potential of individual donor differences.
Off-Grid Photovoltaic-Biogas Hybrid System for an Indonesian Boarding School
Authors: Ahmad Rajani  , Mat Said Dalila , Ahmad Fudholi  , Zulkarnain Ahmad Noorden  , Nasarudin Ahmad  , Tinton Dwi Atmaja
Published: August 2023

Future energy with bright prospects is renewable energy. One strategy to enhance the proportion of renewable energy in the energy mix is to switch from conventional to renewable energy-based energy sources. Previously using conventional energy sources, one of the male dormitories of Baiturrahman Boarding School will be converted to 100% renewable energy. When Homer software is used to simulate it, the best system will be chosen, with the input coming from locally available energy sources like sunlight from a photovoltaic module and biogas. From optimal output which consists of a 7.54 kW PV, a 5 kW biogas-fueled generator, an 18.78 kWh battery, and a 4 kW converter. 9.989 kW (98.13%) and a 190 kW (1.87%) biogas-fueled generator combined to produce electricity. The cost of energy is worth $0.216, and the present net cost is worth $17.769, according to the system's economic study. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that changes in the discount rate and variations in the value of inflation have an effect on the present net cost.
A Systematic Literature Review of Localization Strategies of the Global Format Reality TV in China in the Past Decade (2012-2022)
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Hasan Nurul Ain Mohd , Yaakup Hani Salwah , Fang Ng Chwee
Published: August 2023

The past few decades have witnessed the popularity of global format reality TV programs in China, paralleled by a growing academic interest in comprehending the process of localizing these format programs. However, the existing literature on the subject comprises diverse and fragmented selected cases, revealing a research gap in terms of a systematic exploration and comprehensive review of the adaptation process of format television programs in China. This study employs a systematic literature review to examine the localization of format reality shows in China over the past decades. It aims to provide practical strategies for format programs to enter the Chinese media market and identify the gaps in this area. The general research question is what strategies have been used to adapt format reality shows in China. A total of 40 articles from CNKI, Google Scholar, and Scopus are selected for qualitative synthesis. The findings indicate that the localization of format reality TV need to incorporate more local elements to enter the Chinese media market due to the cultural differences and the strict regulation from the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television of the People’s Republic of China (SARFT). Further research should investigate the impact of SARFT’s regulations on format programs and the subsequent shift towards local production in China.
Postpartum experiences of women, birthing people, and their families during COVID-19: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Macdonald Danielle , Publow Chelsea , Ross-White Amanda , Aston Megan , Snelgrove-Clarke Erna
Published: August 2023

Objective:

The objective of the review is to explore and understand the postpartum experiences of birthing people and their families during COVID-19.

Introduction:

Positive postpartum experiences are formative for the long-term health and well-being of parents and babies. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has complicated the transition to parenthood and existing postpartum challenges through evolving policies and practices, including visiting limitations, masking requirements, and reduced accessibility of supports. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on the postpartum experiences of women, birthing people (people who give birth but may not identify as women), and their families through the synthesis of qualitative evidence can help inform public health and government directives in comparable future contexts.

Inclusion criteria:

Studies including women, birthing people, and families who experienced postpartum during the COVID-19 pandemic will be considered. This review will include studies published after January 2020 that explore postpartum experiences up to 1 year following birth. We will examine qualitative data, including, but not limited to, research designs such as phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, feminist research, and action research.

Methods:

The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), and LitCovid. PsyArXiv and Google Scholar will be searched for gray literature. Studies will be assessed and appraised independently by 2 reviewers and disagreements will be resolved through discussion or with a third reviewer. Data extraction will be completed by 2 reviewers. The JBI tools and resources will be used for assessing confidence and meta-aggregation, including the creation of categories and synthesized findings.

Review registration:

PROSPERO CRD42022364030
Disfagia: una manifestación de hipertiroidismo en el anciano, a propósito de un caso
Authors: Quiroga Trillos Zulay Milena , Gámez Fragozo Diana Carolina , Llano Ceballos Cristian Camilo , Gómez Arteaga Ronald Camilo
Published: August 2023

La disfagia hace parte de los síndromes geriátricos prevalentes en personas de la tercera edad, debido a las múltiples comorbilidades y a que el proceso de envejecimiento lleva consigo cambios anatómicos y fisiológicos, como es el caso del presbiesófago y la presbifagia, procesos normales durante esta etapa de la vida. Además, genera deficiencias en múltiples sistemas y lleva a los adultos mayores a un estado de fragilidad. Entre sus múltiples causas está el hipertiroidismo, pero debido al buen pronóstico de recuperación con tratamiento farmacológico, se convierte en un tema de interés no solo para geriatras y endocrinólogos, sino para médicos de atención primaria. Por lo anterior, se presenta el caso de una paciente nonagenaria con disfagia esofágica y pérdida no intencionada de peso asociada con el hipertiroidismo con mejoría de su estado nutricional posterior al manejo farmacológico.
Síndrome del abdomen en ciruela pasa: implicaciones en la calidad de vida y consideraciones éticas de su manejo
Authors: Beltrán Laura Ximena , Montaña-Jimenez Lina Paola , Estrada Cano Diana Carolina , Vargas Yaris Anzully
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El síndrome del abdomen en ciruela pasa es una enfermedad genética, de baja incidencia y con alta morbimortalidad en el periodo neonatal. El artículo presenta un caso de un paciente con dicha patología y las consideraciones éticas analizadas acerca de este, dada la poca información al respecto en la literatura. Presentación del caso: Recién nacido a término, quien presentó signos que sugirieron el diagnóstico del síndrome del abdomen en ciruela pasa. Requirió manejo en cuidados intensivos, por complicaciones de la patología, con extenso compromiso y alta probabilidad de mortalidad. Una junta multidisciplinaria con el servicio de Ética Clínica determinó que debía realizarse lo necesario para preservar la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: Se resalta en el caso la importancia de las consecuencias del tratamiento en la calidad de vida del paciente y la familia, la poca información en cuanto a consideraciones éticas, la comunicación con la familia y la relación médico-paciente.
Data Augmentation-Based Manufacturing Quality Prediction Approach in Human Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Wang Tianyue , Hu Bingtao , Feng Yixiong , Gao Xiaoxie , Yang Chen , Tan Jianrong
Published: August 2023

The vigorous development of the human cyber-physical system (HCPS) and the next generation of artificial intelligence provide new ideas for smart manufacturing, where manufacturing quality prediction is an important issue in the manufacturing system. However, the small-scale data from humans in emerging HCPS-enabled manufacturing restrict the development of traditional quality prediction methods. To address this question, a data augmentation-based manufacturing quality prediction approach in human cyber-physical systems is proposed in this paper. Specifically, a Data Augmentation-Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (DA-GBDT) model is developed for quality prediction under the HCPS context. In addition, an adaptive selection algorithm of data augmentation rate is designed to balance the trade-off between the training time of the prediction model and the prediction accuracy. Finally, the experimental results of automobile covering products demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the average prediction error of the model compared with the prevailing quality prediction methods. Moreover, the predicted quality information can provide guidance for product optimization decisions in smart manufacturing systems.
Physics-Guided Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Emission Prediction in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Lei Rong , Guo Y. B. , Guo Weihong “Grace”
Published: August 2023

Powder bed fusion (PBF) is an additive manufacturing process in which laser heat liquefies blown powder particles on top of a powder bed, and cooling solidifies the melted powder particles. During this process, the laser beam heat interacts with the powder causing thermal emission and affecting the melt pool. This paper aims to predict heat emission in PBF by harnessing the strengths of recurrent neural networks. Long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are developed to learn from sequential data (emission readings), while the learning is guided by process physics including laser power, laser speed, layer number, and scanning patterns. To reduce the computational efforts on model training, the LSTM models are integrated with a new approach for down-sampling the pyrometry raw data and extracting useful statistical features from raw data. The structure and hyperparameters of the LSTM model reflect several iterations of tuning based on the training on the pyrometer readings data. Results reveal useful knowledge on how raw pyrometer data should be processed to work the best with LSTM, how physics features are informative in predicting overheating, and the effectiveness of physics-guided LSTM in emission prediction.
Quasiatomic layer etching of silicon nitride enhanced by low temperature
Authors: Shanks Daniel N. , Ahmed Rania K. , Femi-Oyetoro John D. , Dickie Matthew R. , Beyer Andrew D. , Greer Frank
Published: August 2023

Plasma atomic layer etching is a dry etching process using a dose step to modify a material’s surface chemistry and an etch step to remove the modified surface layer. This method of etching has certain advantages over reactive ion etch due to its self-limiting etch process for highly controllable etch depth and reduced surface roughness. In this paper, we expand upon an anisotropic, plasma atomic layer etch recipe used to etch thin films of silicon nitride, which uses an H2 plasma to modify the surface layer of the material and an SF6 etch step to remove the modified surface. Several modifications are made to the recipe, including a reduction in the pressure during the SF6 step from 500 to 20 mT, to allow compatibility with modern inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etch systems. We then explore this recipe at low wafer temperature and find a reduction of spontaneous isotropic SF6 etching. This results in an enhancement in the self-limiting aspect of the etch process, an improvement of the etched sidewall homogeneity, and a decrease in the etched surface roughness, which has the potential to be useful for reducing optical loss in silicon nitride waveguides and other nanoscale devices made in silicon nitride.
Use of Target Information for Preparing Initial Motor Command of Target Force Production Task
Authors: Hiraoka Koichi , Hashimoto Keita , Fukuchi Takumi
Published: August 2023

The present study examined how humans use the target information provided immediately before the onset of motor output to prepare the initial motor command in the target force production task. Twenty healthy individuals participated in this study. A target cursor indicating the target force, and a force cursor indicating the force produced with index finger flexion were presented, and participants produced force in response to the appearance of the force cursor so that it moved toward the target cursor as fast as possible. The rate of force development in a time window of 0–100 ms after the onset of force development, representing the intensity of the initial motor command without online feedback adjustment, was measured. The present findings support the hypotheses that humans use the target information provided immediately before the onset of motor output to prepare the initial motor command, and they simultaneously prepare the initial motor command for the intermediate of multiple potential targets using the information of targets provided in previous trials. Another hypothesis, that humans use the information of the target or motor process of the trial immediately before the current trial to prepare the initial motor command, was not supported.
Complete genome sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. strain VNUA24, a potential antifungal bacterium isolated from soil
Authors: Dang Tam Thi Thanh , Dinh Son Truong , Nguyen Thu Thi , Nguyen Hai Thanh , Nguyen Canh Xuan
Published: August 2023

Streptomyces
species are important resources for secondary metabolites, including antimicrobial compounds. The
Streptomyces
sp. strain VNUA24 was isolated from a soil sample in Vietnam. The strain was identified as having antifungal activity against numerous fungal pathogens. Whole-genome sequencing was done to explore the biocontrol capability of this strain.
Saturating growth rate against phosphorus concentration explained by macromolecular allocation
Authors: Armin Gabrielle , Kim Jongsun , Inomura Keisuke
Published: August 2023

The saturating relationship between phytoplankton growth rate and environmental nutrient concentration has been widely observed, yet the mechanisms behind the relationship remain elusive. Here, we use a mechanistic model of phytoplankton and show that the saturating relationship between growth rate and phosphorous concentration can be interpreted by intracellular macromolecular allocation. At low nutrient levels, the diffusive nutrient transport linearly increases with the phosphorous concentration, while the internal phosphorous requirement increases with the growth rate, leading to a non-linear increase in the growth rate with phosphorous. This increased phosphorous requirement is due to the increased allocation to biosynthetic and photosynthetic molecules. The allocation to these molecules reaches a maximum at high-phosphorous concentration, and the growth rate no longer increases despite the rise in phosphorous concentration. The produced growth rate and phosphorous relationships are consistent with the data of phytoplankton across taxa. Our study suggests that the key control of phytoplankton growth is internal, and nutrient uptake is only a single step in the overall process.

IMPORTANCE

The Monod equation has been used to represent the relationship between growth rate and the environmental nutrient concentration under the limitation of this respective nutrient. This model often serves as a means to connect microorganisms to their environment, specifically in ecosystem and global models. Here, we use a simple model of a marine microorganism cell to illustrate the model’s ability to capture the same relationship as Monod, while highlighting the additional physiological details our model provides. In this study, we focus on the relationship between growth rate and phosphorus concentration and find that RNA allocation largely contributes to the commonly observed trend. This work emphasizes the potential role our model could play in connecting microorganisms to the surrounding environment while using realistic physiological representations.
Petrogenesis of two Cretaceous granitoid episodes in the Luk Ulo region, Central Java, Indonesia, and its implication for the tectonic evolution of the easternmost Neo-Tethys
Authors: Guo Donghai , Li Shan , Permana Haryadi , Lai Yu-Ming , Setiawan Iwan
Published: August 2023

The central part of Java, Indonesia, is located on the southern margin of Sundaland, and records the tectonic-magmatic history of the easternmost Neo-Tethys. Elucidating the petrogenesis and its tectonic setting of the Cretaceous Luk Ulo granites in Central Java is key to reconstructing the late subduction-accretion history of the easternmost Neo-Tethys. This study reports for the first time the zircon U-Pb geochronology, Hf-O isotope, whole-rock major and trace elements, and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry of two granitoid episodes from Central Java. Zircon U-Pb dating results show that the Luk Ulo granites formed in two Cretaceous episodes at ca. 115 Ma and ca. 70 Ma. These two Cretaceous granitoid episodes contain both calc-alkaline with enriched large-ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements and depleted high field strength elements, exhibiting arc geochemical signatures. The older (ca. 115 Ma) granites show slightly higher (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.70772 to 0.70784 and weakly negative εNd(t) values of −2.37 to −1.67, indicating the contribution of ancient crust. However, the scattered zircon εHf(t) values of +0.23 to +11.39 suggest a probable mixture of ancient crustal components and juvenile crustal additions in the magma source. The high zircon δ18O values (+8.86‰ to +14.24‰) show the possible incorporation of supracrustal components (sediments and fluids) in the magma formation. In contrast, the younger (ca. 70 Ma) granites show low (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.70427−0.70442, strong positive εNd(t) values of +3.89 to +4.03, and zircon εHf(t) values of +14.04 to +17.38 and slightly higher zircon δ18O values of +5.01‰ to +6.49‰ than the depleted mantle, indicating that the magma was predominantly derived from the juvenile crust with negligible supracrustal involvement. In general, zircon εHf(t) values and whole-rock εNd(t) values of the Late Cretaceous (after ca. 90 Ma) granitic rocks in the southwest margin of Sundaland were higher than those of the Early Cretaceous granitoids, suggesting a change in the source region from ancient to the juvenile in response to the rollback of the Neo-Tethys ocean. Our findings from the two Cretaceous granitoid episodes in Central Java provide new insights into the tectono-magmatic evolution along the southwestern margin of Sundaland and the two different episodes of crustal growth in the easternmost Tethys during the Cretaceous.
Fault Striae Analysis and Paleostress Reconstruction of the Northern Tectonic Province (Egyptian Nubian Shield): Insights into the Brittle Deformation History of the Northern East African Orogen
Authors: Hamimi Z. , El Sundoly H. , Delvaux D. , Waheeb A. , Hagag W. , Younis M. H.
Published: August 2023

The Egyptian Nubian Shield (ENS), the northwestern continuation of the East African Orogen (EAO), comprises a variety of three lithologically and structurally different tectonic provinces—southern compressional-, central transpressional/wrench-, and northern extensional- provinces. The extensional tectonic province (ETP) extends from Qena‒Safaga shear belt up to the northern tip of the ENS. Several lines of evidence indicate extensional regime in the ETP, such as mantle delamination-induced post-orogenic magmatism and bimodal Dokhan Volcanics, together with the pervasive E‒W dyke swarms and the E‒W (to ENE‒WSW) oriented extensional fractures. The present work is devoted to carry out the fault striae analysis and paleostress reconstruction of the northern tectonic province (ENS) in attempt to add more contribution to the brittle deformation history of the northern EAO. Field measurements collected from six areas (I‒VI) have been processed using Win-Tensor Software. Analysis of fault-slip data revealed four paleostress tensor stages (groups or regimes) that prevailed in the ENS. The stress states and related tectonic regimes are characterized by the stress regime index R' and the horizontal stress axes as follows: 1st stage: transpression (R' = 1.91), E‒W compression (SHmax = N090°‒270° E); 2nd stage: transtension (R' = 1.16), N‒S compression (SHmax = 174°‒354° E); 3rd stage: transpression (R' = 1.81), NE‒SW compression (SHmax = N053°‒233° E); 4th stage: extension (R' = 0.31), E‒W extension (Shmin = N074°‒254° E). The 1st stage can be related to the oblique convergence between E and W Gondwanalands. The 2nd stage was probably concurrent with the N- to NNW-ward migration of the Central Eastern Desert syn-collisional delamination (triggering orogen-parallel extensional collapse) to the North Eastern Desert post-collisional delamination. The 3rd stage was controlled by the generally N‒S shortening which affected the northern and central ENS, post-dating the formation of volcanosedimentary Hammamat Basins. The 4th stage is akin to retreat of the Cadomian arc and the Red Sea rifting.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma at the site of tracheo-esophageal fistula repair in a patient with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Vyas Aditya Pradeep , Ananthaneni Anil , Abdehou Sam , Pandit Sudha
Published: August 2023

With increasing survival in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), complications such as gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies are becoming more apparent, especially in transplanted patients. In patients with CF, these malignancies are most commonly found in the small bowel, colon, biliary tract and pancreas. We describe a patient with esophageal squamous cell cancer at the site of trachea-esophageal fistula repair in the setting of long-standing CF. Many factors such as low expression of CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene, inflammation and resulting metaplasia, bacterial dysbiosis, dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling, immune cell infiltration, disruption of intestinal stem cell homeostasis and intestinal barrier integrity have all been implicated in the causation of GI malignancy in patients with CF. Based on shared decision-making in high-risk transplanted individuals, esophagogastroduodenoscopy can be considered alongside colon cancer screening which is currently recommended starting at age 30–35 years.