bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anesthesia parameters in in vitro fertilization
Authors: Vartanova I. V. , Korostelev Yu. M. , Shirokov D. M.
Published: March 2021

The review describes certain practical aspects of follicular puncture anesthesia. It presents data on the penetration of anesthetics and other drugs used during anesthesia into the follicular fluid as well as the effect of certain drugs and conditions on the reproductive outcome of treatment. Various options for anesthesia are described that can be used depending on the characteristics of the patient's psychoemotional state and the number of punctured follicles.
Analysis of the biological efficiency and quality factors of mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P.Kumm as a model of effective cultivation of lignicolous fungi with high functional value
Authors: І. І. Бандура  , А. С. Кулик  , Н. А. Бісько  , О. В. Хареба  , О. М. Цизь  , В. В. Хареба
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Morphological and organoleptic evaluation of oyster mushroom strains for selection of highly productive cultivars assortment with valuable consumer properties for winter and summer cultivation and suitability for sale in fresh or processed form were investigated.Methods. The scheme of the experiment included six strains of oyster mushrooms belonging to two species: Pleurotus ostreatus (5 strains: 2301, Z, 2316, 2456, 431) and P. pulmonarius (2314). Laboratory, laboratory-industrial and statistical methods are used.Results. The dynamics of agrochemical parameters of substrates obtained by the method of aerobic fermentation in the high layer proved their optimality according to the main criteria and compliance to regulatory documentation. The biological efficiency of the strains was in the range of 40–78.9%. The highest weight of clusters was found in the “summer” strain 431 (430.7 g). The highest weight of the fruiting body was determined for the strain 2301 (15.2 g), the lowest – for the 2456 (3.3 g).Conclusions. The values of biological efficiency of strains was determined. The highest average values for the first flush of fruiting had strains 2316 (78.9%) from the “winter” group (A) and 431 (78.4%) from the “summer” group  (B). According to the results of statistical analysis, significant differences were revealed between the studied strains in the main morphological indicators of clusters. It was found that the mass of clusters of «winter» cultivars is much less dependent on the strain type (220.8–273.4 g) than that of «summer» cultivars (83.4–430.7 g). The index of the asymmetry coefficient of the cluster, which can be useful for calculating the required container sizes was proposed. It was determined that the morphological features of fruiting bodies had significant differences in all studied parameters.  In particular, the A group strains differed in size and weight. It was proposed the index of weight loss of the crop coefficient, which shows the ratio between the cap and stipe of the fruiting body and make it possible to predict the amount of mushroom raw material that will be sold in the form of caps, and the amount of raw material that can be processed into minced mushroom, powder and others. The best coefficient was obtained for the fruiting bodies of strain 2314 (0.87), and the worst – for 2456 (0.59), which, accordingly, is not recommended for sale by individual fruiting bodies. It was found that the fruiting bodies of high-yielding strains 2316 and 431 had a number of organoleptic defects.
Development of a method for rapid evaluation of the color of flour and pasta made from wheat of different species
Authors: Л. А. Вечерська  , О. В. Голік  , Л. І. Реліна  , Л. І. Буряк  , Т. А. Шелякіна
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Develop a simplified method for estimating the color of flour and pasta using Adobe Photo Shop® software.Methods. The research material was grain of varieties and selection lines of wheat species Triticum durum, T. dicoccum, T. timopheevii bred in the Рlant Production Institute nd. a. V. Ya. Yuryev and samples of the National Center for Genetic Resources of Plants of Ukraine, 2018–2020 harvest. Batch of flour and pieces of dough were scanned using EPSON Scanner 010 F. Color was evaluated using Adobe PhotoShop®. The level of carotenoids was determined by spectrophotometric method.Results. Visual assessments of flour and pasta color, presented by different researchers, differ significantly (up to 2–3 points on a 9-point scale). At the same time, the use of the developed method of express color evaluation of flour and pasta samples in Adobe PhotoShop® with the color evaluation system L*a*b*, used in modern reflectometers, allows to obtain data in numerical value and provides high accuracy. In the case of the developed me­thod, correlations were established between the content of carotenoids and the index b* of flour (r = 0.41 / ≤ 0.05) and pasta (r = 0.60 / p ≤ 0.001) and allowed to select the best in flour color selection lines 10-56, 10-65, 14-153, sample T. durum var. falcatomelanopus, in pasta color – lines 10-56, 10-65, 11-29, 12-3.Conclusions. The developed method provides high accuracy and can be used to evaluate the color of pasta and wheat flour, simplifies the evaluation of test samples, standardizes the parameters of agricultural products and avoids subjective judgment. The established weak correlation between the carotenoid content and the b* value of flour indicates the effect on the color of flour not only orange but also yellow and red pigments, and the ave­rage correlation between the carotenoid content and the b* value of pasta indicates the influence of the products of polyphenols oxidation reactions of wheat grain. The best in color flour and pasta lines were selected for breeding work to increase the content of carotenoid pigments in grain.
Economic and biological assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’
Authors: Л. А. Вільчинська  , Т. М. Хоменко  , О. В. Ночвіна
Published: March 2021

Purpose. To evaluate Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ according to morphological, productive and quality indicators in the conditions of the Research Center “State Agra­rian and Engineering University in Podilia”. Methods. The studies were carried out in the field crop rotation of the Research Center “Podillia” of the State Agrarian and Engi­neering University in Podilia (SAEU) in 2015–2020. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented mainly by low-humus, weakly leached soils. Experiment setting, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state variety testing. An assessment of the Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was carried out in comparison with the common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’. Results. The growing season duration of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was 87 days (38 days vegetative and 49 days gene­rative). In the studied variety, a larger number of the 1st order branches up to 5.5 pcs was observed. The number of leaves on the plant was 22–28 pcs./plants. In the studied variety, more than 50% of the grains were located on the main stem and the first order branches, while in common buckwheat this indicator was only 30%. Productivity was 2,28 t/ha, the number of grains in inflorescences was 4,4 grains, in common buckwheat – 0,72 t/ha, and 2.2 grains/inflorescence, respectively. The thousand kernel weight in Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ is 10.2 g less than in common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’ and is 17.4 g, with hulls – 19.5%, which is 3.2% less then in common buckwheat variety.Assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ for resistance to the effects of bio- and abiotic factors indicates that it was at the level of common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’.In terms of resistance to abiotic factors, ‘Kalyna’ variety is characterized by high resistance to spontaneous fallof grain (5 scores) and has simultaneous grain ripening (5 scores). Conclusions.The morphological and economic-biological indicators of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ are significantly higher than the common buckwheat varie­ty ‘Victoriia’. It is recommended to grow Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ as a valuable cereal crop in the Western Forest-Steppe zone.
Characteristics of productivity of soft winter wheat samples from Common Bunt-Resistant Nursery (CBUNT-RES) in the southern Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: С. М. Холод  , В. М. Кір’ян  , Р. С. Вискуб
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Evaluate the introduced samples of soft winter wheat from the international nursery Common Bunt-Resistant Nursery (CBUNT-RES) of different ecological and geographical origin in the southern part of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine according to a set of productivity indicators in order to define the most valuable samples and describe them.Methods. During 2016–2019 on the base of Ustymivka Experimental Station for Plant Production of the V. Ya. Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS the authors studied, evaluated and described 75 new soft winter wheat samples of various eco-geographical origins by productivity traits. In the field and laboratory conditions, indicators of yield and productivi­ty were determined: 1000 grains weight, plant height and ear length, the number of spikelets and grains in the ear, weight of ear and grain and early-ripening.Results. Plant material with increased parameters of economic and biological characters was identified. During studies, it was found that ‘F08347G8’, ‘F00628G34-1’ (Romania), ‘91-142A61/KATIA1//GRISET-4’, ‘SAULESKU#44/TR810200//GRISET-4’, ‘ATTILA/BABAX//PASTOR/4/…’ (IU067591) (Turkey), ‘INTENSIVNAYA//PBW343*2/TUKURU’, ‘SANZAR-8/KKTS’ (Mexico) were the high-yielding varieties. The samples of soft winter wheat as ‘F08347G8’, ‘F00628G34-1’ (Romania), ‘INTENSIVNAYA//PBW343*2/…’ (IU067637) (Mexico), ‘ATAY/GALVEZ87/6/TAST/…’ (IU067587), ‘DE9/MERCAN-2’, ‘KRASNODAR/FRTL/6…’ (IU067595), ‘SAULESKU#44/TR810200//GRISET-4’, ‘GANSU-1/3/AUSGS50AT34/…’ (IU067598), ‘ORKINOS-1*2/3/AUS…’ (IU067608), ‘KAMBARA1/ZANDER-17’ , ‘TAM200/KAUZ/4/CHAM6//…’ (IU067612) (Turkey) contained a large grain weight (more than 5.0 g), plant productivity in these samples was rather high due to increased amount of grains and the thousand kernel weight.Conclusions. The introduced soft winter wheat samples of various eco-geographical origins were adapted to the Southern Forest-Steppe and can be recommended as a source material in breeding to increasing productive capacity.
Efficiency of growing various soybeans varieties, depending on the effect of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators
Authors: М. П. Байда
Published: March 2021

Purpose. To determine the efficiency of growing soybean varieties ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’, ‘Estafeta’ depending on the influence of microfertilizers and growth regulators.Methods. Field, laboratory.Results. The article presents the results of studying the efficiency of growing different varieties of soybeans. It was found that in the cultivar ‘Ustia’ the best values of assimilation of photosynthetically active radiation were obtained for the applications of Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) with growth regulator Radostym, and Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) with two studied growth regulators. Similar patterns of the utilization rate of photosynthetic radiation were obtained for the ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties. According to the indicators of the energy balance, the complex use of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators in any case pays off with an increase in the yield, which means it is energetically expedient. The maximum coefficients of energy efficiency in the ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties were obtained with the introduction of micronutrient fertilizers Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) and growth regulators Biosyl and Radostym. However, the use of growth regulators separately does not always provide an economic return on investment. In particular, in the variant without Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer, the ‘Cordoba’ variety received 28 873 UAH/ha of net profit, while the introduction of growth regulators did not pay off, since there was no significant increase in the yield, and with the use of growth regulators Biosyl and Radostym net profit was within 28824–29179 UAH/ha. In general, the use of micronutrient fertilizer Yara Vita Mono Molitrak with growth regulators Radostim and Biosyl ensu­red guaranteed yield increase.Conclusions. When gro­wing ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties from an energy point of view, it is better to use Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) with the growth regulator Radostym. Under these conditions, the obtained energy efficiency ratio was 3.24; 3.41 and 3.45, and the profit was 31503, 34072 and 34649 UAH/ha, respectively
O LUGAR DO DESENVOLVIMENTO NA MOBILIZAÇÃO SOCIAL: Signos de Desenvolvimento e produção de utopismos nas Jornadas de Junho de 2013
Authors: Santos Gustavo Souza , Marília Pereira Anete
Published: March 2021

Manifestações populares e mobilizações sociais carregam explicitamente uma carga de demandas pelas quais o objeto de luta e querela se anela. Tais demandas possuem dimensões múltiplas e acenam, a partir de uma tensão pela meta, lacunas que reclamam preenchimento e cenários que precisam de transformação, considerando a narrativa dos que se mobilizam. Essas demandas comumente disputam necessidades de desenvolvimento(s), atreladas à signos de progresso, promessas sistematizadas e ensejos por um lugar ideal no qual o bem viver e as benesses da modernidade se realizem como plenitude dos modos de produzir e operar a vida social. Essa elucubração da luta produz utopismos diante do desenvolvimento. Desse modo, a proposta deste estudo foi refletir a relação entre os signos de desenvolvimento e  produção de utopismos nos objetos e ideais das mobilizações sociais, tendo por quadro de análise as Jornadas de Junho de 2013 no Brasil. Metodologicamente, considerou-se um estudo de caso por meio de análise documental de jornais impressos apurados com maior tiragem no período, considerando como corpus a cobertura jornalística do período a partir das categorias de demandas emergentes dos atos. Esse novo desenho de articulação popular indica uma flexão da participação, onde as territorialidades de insurgência são tessituras de coalizão e desenvolvimento(s). A ressonância da voz reivindicatória popular em rede indica a subversão das assimetrias do desenvolvimento ou, pelo menos, um sinal de que a planificação do conceito encontra impasses maiores. Microdesenvolvimento é o início de uma discussão possível sobre o quadro atual de ativismos em rede e seu significado ainda provocador acadêmica, política e socialmente.
MICROCRÉDITO E EMPREENDEDORISMO: Uma análise da Situação dos Beneficiários do Microcrédito da Cidade De Xai-Xai, Gaza, Moçambique
Authors: Rosario Nelson Maria , France Daniel Mutemba , Muchanga Aurélio Ernesto
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo analisa a importância que as instituições de microcrédito têm no fomento de atividades empreendedoras da cidade de Xai-Xai, província de Gaza. Para o alcance do objetivo preconizado o estudo teve uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, sendo a entrevista e inquéritos  as técnicas usadas para a recolha dos dados. Foram inqueridos catorze beneficiários do microcrédito, sendo o Fundo de desenvolvimento da Mulher (FDM) e a Socedade de Créditos de Moçambique (SOCREMO) as instituições fornecedoras do microcrédtio, ambos sediados na cidade de Xai-Xai. A pesquisa constatou que a procura de acesso a microcrédito deve-se principalmente a falta de emprego e a busca de fonte de rendimento. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que muitos dos beneficiários investiram ou apostaram em pequenos negócios (abertura de lojas de venda de produtos alimentares, de higiene, roupa, calçados, bares, etc) para minimizar a situação do desemprego e geração de renda.

Palavras-chaves: microcrédito,  empreendedorismo e Xai-Xai.
NOTA EDITORIAL
Authors: Editor (es)
Published: March 2021

Nota editorial
Ius trium liberorum w ustawodawstwie dynastii julijsko-klaudyjskiej
Authors: Zabłocka Maria
Published: March 2021

En voulant encourager les Romains à posséder plusieurs descendants Auguste prevoya les nom breux privilèges pour ceux qui avaient des enfants; Les hommes possédant des descendants avaient une position privilégiée dans le droit public (Gell. 2.15.4—6; Tac. Ann.2 .51; D. 4.2.2);. les époux qui avaient au moins un enfant regagnaient la capacitas totale dans le droit des successions. Mais c’est seulement lorsqu’on avait trois enfants qu’on recevait des privilèges spéciaux dans le domaine du froit civil. Ius trium liberorum concernait aussi bien les femmes que les hommes (Ep. Ulp. 16.1 a). L’homme ne pouvait se référer qu’aux enfants nés en iustum matrimonium (Paul. Sent. 4.8.4), tandis que la femme, depuis les temps de Claudius, pouvait se référer aussi aux enfants vulgo quaesiti (D. 38.17.2.1 conf. avec I. 3.3.1). La femme qui possédait trois enfants était exempte de protection (G. 1.145); elle était exempte du devoir de se remarie; en dépit de lex Voconia elle était égalisée le droit des successions avec les hommes (G. 2.274; Paul. Sent. 4.8.20) et a obtenu, probablement depuis Claudius, selon I. 3.3.1 la possibilité d’hériter de ses enfants. La latine recevait en plus la nationalité romaine (Paul. Sent. 4.9.8; Ep. Ulp. 3.1). Les deux époux qui possédaient trois enfants, même décédés, récupéraient envers eux mêm es la pleine capacitas dans le droit des successions; en outre la situation d’affranchi s’améliora (G. 3.42). L’homme pouvait s’abstenir de muneribus civilibus (D. 50.5.2.1; I. 1.25 pr.). La législation d’Auguste accorda ce privilège aux personnes qui pouvait se féféreir à ses descendants naturals, mais on prenait également en considération les enfants adoptés (Gell. 2.15.4; Tac. Ann. 15.19). Dans le cours du temps on commença à accorder ce privilège aux personnes particulières, mais Claudius l’accorda pour la première fois aux groupes entiers — aux soldat, en 44 de n. è. (Dio Cass. 60.24.3), en 51 aux femmes construisant des vaisseaux (Svet. Claud. 18.2— 19 conf. avec G. 1.32 c et Tac. Ann. 12.43.1); Prévu par lex Iulia et Papia vacatio (Ep. Ulp. 14) Claudius étendit sur les hommes qui s’occupaient de la construction des vaisseaux (Svet. Claud. 19). Ius trium liberorum fut formellement supprim é seulement en 410 (C. Th. 8.17.2 = C. I. 8.57.2).
Podstawowa wartość życia społecznego
Authors: Zabłocki Jerzy Laskowski
Published: March 2021

Non c’e vita sociale armoniosa senza un’adequata comprensione e l’esercizio della giustizia. La giustizia ha molteplici significati. Deversamente concepiva la giustizia Platone e diversammente la concepiva Aristotele. La giustizia si basa su un appropriato atteggiamento dell’uomo verso l’uomo, delle autorita statali verso l’uomo. La giustizia richiede il rispetto dei diritti naturali e della dignità di ogni persona umana.
Rewizja odpustów zakonów i stowarzyszeń
Authors: Bar Joachim
Published: March 2021

Iuxta n. 14 constitutionis apost. „ Indulgentiarum doctrina ” de die 1. I. 1967 a., Auctor quomodo Ordines, Congregationes religiosae, Societates in communi viventes, In s titu ta saecularia necnon piae fidelium Consociationes ad S. Pa enitentiariam Apost. recurrere debent pro recognitione elenchorum et summariorum indulgentiarum tra c ta t. Novam praxim hac in re a S. Sede Apost. ad h ib itam re tu lit, atque normas in terpretationis rescriptorum S. Paenitentiariae Apost. explanavit. In appendice quaedam rescripta nuper edita, tamquam exempla novae praxis, citantur.
Model Kościoła-tajemnicy jako podstawa teorii prawa kościelnego
Authors: Sobański Remigiusz
Published: March 2021

Praesentatur versio polonica praelectionis in Institute Iuris Canonici Universitatis Monacensis die 1.7.1976 habitae. Versio originaiis in Archiv für kath. Kirchenrecht 14 (1976) 22—24 publici iuris facta est.

Investigatur possibilitas et convenientia applicationis methodi „modellariae” in ambitu scientiarum ecclesiaiium. Methodus haec in scientiis rerum naturalium orta est et in sociologia fructuose adhibetur. Modellum medium est indirectae cognitionis quo complexae et ut intelligatur simplicius reddendae componendaeque realitatis distincta elementa eorumque mutua connexio qua structura totius tenetur enumerantur et principia activitatis statuuntur.In articulo thesis statuitur et demonstratur methodum hanc valde prodesse ad theoriam iuris ecclesialis qua ordo iuridicus Ecdesiae explanaretur ex genuina cognitione Ecclesiae trahendam et elaborandam.Theoria cohaerens sit cum realitate Ecclesiae quae mysterium Dei homines salvos facientis est, eam interpretetur et structuris iuridicis efformandis serviatur oportet. Uti fundamentum ergo doctrina de m ysterio Ecclesiae accipienda est — et methodus supradicta canonistis aditum ad mysterium investigandum praebet.
Posoborowa odnowa instytucji legatów papieskich
Authors: Pasternak Ferdynand
Published: March 2021

In Motu proprio Sollicitudo omnium Ecclesiarum, S. Pontifex Paulus VI, pro desideratis Patrum Conciliarium, renovationem institutionis legatorum pontificiorum perfecit, innitendo quidem profundiore Ecclesiae notione a Concilio data, propriisque eius muneribus, quibus ea in societate Populi Dei necnon in tota generis humani familia fungitur.De notione, generibus et muneribus (iuribus) legatorum S. Pontificis, in hoc documento contentis disserens, auctor huiusce instituti delineamentum historicum prius perficit, et postea institutionem hanc in Codice Iuris Canonici ostendit, ut his datis bene consideratis, sensus ac via postconciliaris renovationis huiusce instituti melius manifestentur.Quod sane ipsi Sanctae Sedi et Ecclesiae servire debet, dum signum Papae in tota societate fidelium praesentis exsistit; deinde, ut nexus inter S. Sedem et Ecclesias locales earumque episcopos sit, oportet; denique idem institutum determinata munera in commercio cumpotestate politica singularum regionum implere debet.In evolutione historica huius institutionis quaestio de theologica canonica ratione iuris pontificii ad legationem, necnon breve lineamenium historicum memoratae institutionis in Polonia considerantur.
Biskup jako szafarz sakramentu bierzmowania
Authors: Pastuszko Marian
Published: March 2021

Praeter solitam his in circumstantiis introductionem et conclusionem in articulo duae partes habentur, scilicet historico-iuridica et canonico-theologica. In parte prima thema titulo articuli indicatum agitur sub aspectu historico prout inde ab initio Ecclesiae usque ad publicationem Codicis Iuris Canonici exstat in luce nonnullorum fontium iuris canonici, id est, Actum Apostolorum, decretalium Romanorum Pontificum , statutorum synodalium, operum scriptorum ecclesiasticorum et auctorum recentium.

Altera pars iuri vigenti seu a Codice Iuris Canonici ad dies nostros dedicatur. Hac in parte praesertim quid significent adhibitae a Concilio Vaticano II voces „episcopus minister originarius confirm ationis” auctor explicare vult. Ad hunc finem assequendum auctor quasdam opiniones coliigit et cum auctoribus harum opinionum disputât
Kanonia warmińska Stanisława Hozjusza
Authors: Pawluk Tadeusz
Published: March 2021

Stanislaus Hosius (1504— 1579), episcopus Culm ensis (1549— 1551) deinde Wartniensis (1551— 1579), cardinalis S. R. E cclesiae (1561), legatus de latere ad Concilium Tridentinum et poenitentiarius maior in Curia Romana, ad suas dignitates ecclesiasticas progredi coepit accipien s canonAcatum W arm im sem amino 15.38. Ca.nomi.cus et cantoir W axm iensis factus est non per electionem Capituli Warmiensis, nam Cracoviae in Polonia natus naturalem indigenatum Prussicum non p ossidebat, sed ex nom inatione regis P oloniae Sigism undi I, qui potestatem desiignaindi seu nomiinandd nonnuilas canonicois et praelatos ad cathedrales quasdam E cclesias R egni in m ensibus papalibus ex concessione Sed is Apastoliicae habuit. Auctoir hoc din ariticuiio exhibuit facta h istorica et suas anim adversiones ad hunc canonicatum pertinentes.
Znaczenie wyrażenia "ordynacja fałszywa" w świetle przepisów Dekretu Gracjana
Authors: Nasiłowski Kazimierz
Published: March 2021

Quaestio disputatur, utrum vocabulis in auctoritatibus Decreti Gratani contentis et sanctionibus his: benedictio falsa, non vera manusimpositio et ordinatio falsa, quae ad sacerdotes constituendos referuntur, ipsum quoque ordinis sacramentum nullum idque prorsus omnivi destitutum esse statuatur et sanciatur necne.In prima disputationis parte nomina adiectiva falsus et nonv e r u s variis nominibus substantivis apposita, ut pontificibus et sacerdotibus, filiis Dei, discipulis Christi nec non Eucharistiae, sacrificiis et poenitentiae, saepe easdem notiones, quia compositas, partimtantum, non autem penitus negare demonstratum est.In secunda vero disputationis huius parte de benedictione, manusimpositione et ordinatione sive falsa sive non vera neque i u s t a vocata agknus. Horum autem vocafouloxum et sanctionumsignificatio cum sententiae Cypriani turn textuum Innocenta I, Gregorii VII et Urbani II analysi diligenter peracta eaque, ubi opus erat,aliis auctoritatibus quovis modo ad idem problema spectaintibus illustrata explicatur. Quibus omnibus sive enuntiatis sive sanctionibus malosmores clericorum eorumq-ue inhonestam vitam detestatione dignam velin officio ecclesiastico non legitime factam idcirco omni prorsus videstitutam institutdonem, non autem ipsum ordinis sacramentum nullum significatum esse concludimus. Sive igitur interpretation! sanctionum Decreti G ratiani rite peragendae sive inveteraitis hac in re erroribus emendandis et corrigendis hanc disputationem adiumento futuram esse speramus.
Bractwo Męki Pańskiej w Krakowie (1595-1795)
Authors: Ziercan Antoni
Published: March 2021

L’article présente les deux prem iers siècles de l’histoire de la confrérie de la Passion de N otre Seigneur à Cracovie <'159&—lf79ô). Lestrois chroniques de la confrérie constituent notre source principale.Les nom breuses confréries furent une des form es du renouveaucatholique après le Concile de Trente.À Cracovie se fit rem arquer la confrérie de la Passion de NotreSeigneur, fondée le 9 ju in 1595 auprès de l’église St. François. Lechanoine M artin Szyszkowski, fu tu r évêque de Cracovie (mort en163.0), fut son fondateur. Le pape Clém ent V III érigea canoniquem entla confrérie le 6 m ars 1597 par sa bulle Illorum votis, e t le papeP aul V lui octroya le titre d’archiconfrérie.En 1607 on édita les statuts de lia confrérie on polonais, et en 1620.en latin.L’évêque M artin Szyszkowski fonda un oratoire et légua u n fondspour l’entrietien de la confrérie. La confrérie, ouverte en principe à tous les états, fut dom inée par les bourgeois. Les rois Ladislas IVet Je an III Sobieski fu ren t protecteurs de la confrérie.Le chanoine cracovien, dit superintendant, représentait le fondateurde la confrérie. Le plus im portant rôle était réservé au franciscainchargé des fonctions pastorales en ta n t que le préfet de la confrérie.Les „conseillers” ou „aînés” constituaient la direction de la confrérie.Les scribes, auteurs de quelques chroniques de la confrérie, eurentleuns m érites. Les élections des fonction — naires avaient lieu au moisde mai.L a confrérie gagna une grande popularité grâce à son activité cultuelle et à la protection des prisonniers. Le peuple em plissait l’églisefranciscain en foule pendant les offices et les processions.La confrérie, inspirée p a r les m otifs religieux libérait des détenus:d’abord des individus, ensuite des groupes entières.L e Jeudi Saint on libérait en m oyenne de 7 a 9,7 détenus. On p ritl’uisage de libérer les prisonniers condam nés à mort. Le culte de laPassion de Jésus Christ, for répandu parm i leis Polonais, causa undéveloppem ent ispontané des confréries de la Passion de N otre Seigneurdans le Royaum e de Pologne et en Silésie (28 confréries fu ren t créesauprès des églises franciscaines).L’a ttra it des cérém onies liturgiques et la dévotion sincère de laconfrérie éveillaient l’intérêt et incitaient les conversions dets dissidentsau catholicism e (la conversion de la isocinienne D orothée Strzałkow ­ska). La piété de la confrérie avait deux sources: la renaissance d’aprèsle Concile de T rente ©t la piété populaire m édiévale: elle était sujetteà l’évolution dans le contexte social.Depuis la défanse de Częstochowa et la guerre de libération cantreles Suédois protestants le sentim ent patriotique devint u n élém ent in ­séparable de la piété de la confrérie et de toute la société.Ce fait se fit rem arquer à l’époque des guerres contre le;s 'Jüurcs,ennem is de la Croix. La piété baroque trouvait son expression dansles m anifestations religieuses publiques.A près les partages die la Pologne la confrérie cherchait de tra n sm ettre aux générations futures le patrim oine de cette association re ­ligieuse.
"Iura propter officia": (uwagi związane z nagłówkami I i II tytułu księgi II nowego CIC)
Authors: Sobański Remigiusz
Published: March 2021

Praesentatur versio polona articuli qui sub titulo „Iura propter officia? Remarquas liées aux en-têtes des Ier et IIe titres du livre Ier du nouveau CIC” in „Vitam impendere vero”. Studi in onore di Pio Ciprotti continetur. Principium „iura propter officia” anthropologiae Christianae minus conforme esse demonstratur.
Wpływ Soboru Watykańskiego II na kanonistykę w Polsce
Authors: Sobański Remigiusz
Published: March 2021

All’occasione del ventesimo aniversario della conclusione del Concilio Vaticano II la Facoltà di Diritto Cainonico dell’Accademia di Teologia Cattolica ha organizzato un simposio sulla recenzione del Concilio in Polonia. Viene pubblicata la prelezione sull’influenza del Concilio sulla canonistica in Polonia. L’autore sviluppa la tesi che l’influenza del Concilio si è mascata più forte nell'ambiente della dommatica giuridica del diritto ecclesiale che nel campo fondamentale.
Kongregacje dekanalne w ustawodawstwie kard. Karola Boromeusza
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: March 2021

Conformemente ai decreti del Concilio di Trento, il card. Carlo Borromeo, arcivescovo — metropolita di Milano (1564-1584), animò nella sua diocesi e nella provincia ecclesiastica lombarda le strutture decanali, tra l’altro attraverso le congregazioni del clero dei vicariati foranei. Sebbene le assamblee degli ecclesiastici dei distretti decanali fossero conosciute dal IX s., S. Carlo ne istitui un tipo originale, diffuso quindi in diversi paesi d’Europa. Nello suo studio l’autore presenta la legislazione del card. Borromeo riguardo alle congregazioni decanali, racchiusa nei suoi seguenti atti legislativi: i decreti del primo sinodo provinciale (1565), i decreti del secondo sinodo diocesano (1568), i decreti del secondo sinodo provinciale (1569), i decreti del quarto sinodo diocesano (1574), l’istruzione edita dopo il quarto sinodo provinciale (1576), I’istruzione del 1582. Le norme le più importanti e le più particolari l’arcivescovo — metropolita assunse nella suddetta istruzione del 1576. Proprio essa, essendo una sintesi della legislazione precente „borromaica”, attacca un’attenzione particolare. La ricca legislazione di S. Carlo sulle congregazioni foranee mostra che il suo fine, almeno quello preminente, fu sempre la sollecitudine del Legislatore milanese del suo clero.
Konsystorz Generalny Archidiecezji Warszawskiej w latach 1818-1863
Authors: Badowski Zbigniew
Published: March 2021

L ’article est une tentative de complément des études qui se rapportent à un certain nombre d’institutions de droit canonique en Pologne, telles que les synodes, chapitres, archidiaconats, officialités, consistoires. Il concerne le Consistoire Général de l’Archidiocèse de Varsovie dans les années 1818—1863, les circonstances dans lesquelles il fut créé, ses compétences, compte tenu de la législation nationale, ainsi que son personnel de service. La période considérée se situe entre la date à laquelle fut institué l’Archidiocèse de Varsovie en 1818 et l’an 1863, date à laquelle, en conséquence des représailles exercées après l’Insurrection de 1863, la situation de l’Eglise continua à empiret d’une manière de plus en plus violente. Le Consistoire soutenait l’évêque dans l’ensemble de ses travaux diocésains, aussi bien administratifs que judiciaires. Etant donné la situation sociale et politique de l’époque, le Consistoire de l’Archidiocèse de Varsovie jouait un rôle tout à fait particulier. Au cours de la période en question l’Archidiocèse fut privé pendant 27 ans de son Archevêque, ce qui veut dire que sa direction était incomplète. Le Consistoire était à ce moment une institution statutaire et son fonctionnement ne fut pas interrompu. Le Consistoire tansmettait au clergé la juridiction instituée par l’évêque et veillait à sa mise en pratique en publiant des normes exécutives. Les travaux du Consistoire étaient dirigés par l’official, c’est-à-dire le vicaire général ainsi que les juges subrogatits. L ’article souligne le fait que les activités du Consistoire étaient dans beaucoup de cas délimitées par les lois de la juridiction nationale, conformément à l’esprit de l’époque dans laquelle une autorité absolue tendait à se soumettre chaque organisme de la vie sociale.
Geneza i rozwój instytucji eksklaustracji
Authors: Kowal Janusz
Published: March 2021

L’istituzione d’esclaustrazione ossia una licenza di rimanere fuori della casa del proprio istituto è una delle più importanti norme riguardanti i casi di sospensione o di uscita dalla vita comune. Il senso più profondo richiede peró di prendere in considerazione le fonti dalle quali proviene soppranominata istituzione. Perciô il tema d’esclaustrazione è stato diviso in due parti. Il presente articolo descrive l’origine e sviluppo di questa istituzione, e il seguente ci dimostra attuali norme e la prassi vigenti in proposito. L’autore dopo aver presentato la definizione d’esclaustrazione, mostra la sua necessita alla luce di elementi essenziali della vita religiosa. Quindi presenta l’origine di licenza di rimanere fuori di comunità e in breve il suo sviluppo fino al 1917. La parte seguente dell’articolo presenta le norme del Codice di Diritto Canonico del 1917 e intende mostrare l’evoluzione dell’istituzione d’ esclaustrazione nel periodo del regime del CDC del 1917. Una particolare attenzione si dà alla nuova forma d’indulto d’esclaustratione introdotto dalla prassi della Congregazione dei Religiosi: esclaustrazione ,,ad nutum S. Sedis” ed esclaustrazione qualificata. L’analisi fatta dall’articolo prepara lettore a una migliore comprensione delle norme attuale, inoltre permette all’autore di venire alla conclusione riguardante il principio della sussidiarietà usato sempre più spesso dal’diritto della Chiesa. Ladimostrazione dell’evoluzione dell’istituzione d’esclaustrazione sugerisce anche che questo diritto é usato sempre più in modo soggettivo è modificato secondo le necessita.
Wkład kardynała Karola Wojtyły w dzieło I Synodu Biskupów w 1967 r.
Authors: Dyduch Jan
Published: March 2021

The Synod of Bishops was summoned shortly after the Second Vatican Council ended. This new institution in the Church was inspired by the Second Vatican Council’s teaching on collegiality in the Church. As a consequence of the Council Fathers’ postulates, Pope Paul VI established the Synod of Bishops by his motu proprio „Apostolica Sollicitudo”, dated 15 September 1965. The first Synod of Bishops was occupied with affairs that concerned the entire Church, i.e.: the teaching of the faith and its impediments, renewal of the code of Cannon Law, seminary formation of the candidates for the priesthood, mixed marriages and the renewal of the liturgy. Cardinal Karol Wojtyła, Archbishop of Cracow, was summoned to take part in the first Synod. Because of political restrictions, he could not directly participate in it. However, this did not prevent his being deeply engeged in the Synod. He carefully studied the synodal questions and elaborated them. He sent his opinion on all the above mentioned problems to the assembly of Bishops for discussion. Many of Archbishop K. Wojtyła’s statements and suggestions were employed in the Postsynodal Documents.
Działalność Rady Kapłańskiej Archidiecezji Krakowskiej za czasów Kardynała Karola Wojtyły
Authors: Dyduch Jan
Published: March 2021

While applying the program of the postconciliar renewal of the Cracovian Church, Cardinal Karol Wojtyła established the Priests’ Council which was to be the instrument of the renewal of priests’ life and ministry. This establishment was preceded by a period of preperation undertaken among the priests and the laity. The essential components of that preparation were the visitation of Our Lady of Jasna Góra Icon to every parish of the Cracow Archdiocese, and the priests’ regional conferences which deliberated on the local pastoral requirements in the light of the teaching of the Second Vatican Council. The Priests’ Council became the representation of the Archdiocesan clergy, also and advisory and informative body to the Archbishop, and a forum of his dialogue with the priests in general. In this way the Priests’ Council dealt with many question which occupied the clergy and systematically solved them by recommending constructive resolutions. These resolutions, approved by Cardinal Karol Wojtyła and by virtue of his authority, were then implemented with the assistance of the Priests’ Council.
Odpusty (kanony 992-997)
Authors: Pastuszko Marian
Published: March 2021

Hoc in articulo proemium, pars principalis e tribus membris constans et conclusio habentur.

In proemio obiectum huius studii canones 992 — 997 Codicis luris Canonici Papae Joannis Pauli II esse annuniatur.

Pars principalis in tria membra dividitur. Primo ius vetus seu fontes iuris canonici et quidem a Christo Domino usque ad Codicem Iuris Canonici Pio-Benedictini seu de 1917 anni breviter praesentantur. Primis Ecclesiae temporibus episcopi in suo territo­rio poenas paenitentiales abbreviabant in bonum animarum et Ecclesiae. Non constat, hunc usum condonandi paenitentiam canonicam veram condonationem etiam poenae debitae pro peccato coram Deo fuisse. A saeculo VII redemptiones ut vocabantur, et romanae peregrinationes vigere incipiunt. Redemptiones supplebant ex dispositione confessarii paenitentias canonicas. De peregrinationibus dicitur, Romanos Pontifices Romam peregrinantibus minorem poenitentiam imposuisse. Medio aevo absolutiones primum extra sacramentum poenitentiae et postea in ipso sacramento usitatae sunt. Vix in saeculo XIII indulgentia evolvitur. In saeculo XIV indulgentiae multiplicaban­tur, sed quaestores, qui munus habebant indulgentias praedicandi et eleeomosynas colligendi, non semper rectam doctrinam divulgebant, immo falsi quaestores pecu­niam sibi comparare conabantur. Quibus in circumstantiis protestantes seu reformato­res Ecclesiam catholicam de venditione indulgentiarum accusabant.

Secundo canones 911 — 936 Codicis luris Canonici Pio-Benedictini seu de 1917 anni exponuntur. Heic primum de indulgentiarum concessione, deinde de indulgentiis acquirendis tractatur.

Postremo canones 992 — 996 Codicis luris Canonici Papae Joannis Pauli II feliciter Ecclesiae servientis fusius praesentantur. Sciendum est enim in can. 992 notionem indulgentiae dari, in can. 993 vero divisionem indulgentiarum haberi. In can. 995 de ministro idulgentiarum normae habentur, tandem in can. 994 et 996 de acquisitione indulgentiarum normae dantur.

Denique can. 997 Codicis luris Canonici Papae Joannis Pauli II citatur. Secundum hunc canonem ad indulgentiarum concessiones et usum quod attinet, servanda sunt insuper cetera praescripta quae in peculiaribus Ecclesiae legibus continentur.
Obsada stanowisk kościelnych w Królestwie Polskim do powstania styczniowego
Authors: Jemielity Witold
Published: March 2021

Nel secolo XIX esistevano continuamente forti legami delle potestà civili ed ecclesiali. Il Governo del Regno Polacco in modo più eccessivo decideva nei molti campi della vita dei religiosi anche del personale dei uffici ecclesiastici. Il proveddimento dello Zar del 6/18 marzo dell'anno 1817 sottometteva al controllo dello Stato l’elezione dei vescovi, dei membri del capitolo ecclesiale, lavoratori del consistorio, dei decani-arcipreti e dei parrocchi; dei amministratori delle parrocchie e dei vicarii parrocchiali nominavano i vescovi stessi. Dei disposizioni più numerosi dello Stato riguardava dei benefici di parrocci e dei membri del capitolo ecclesiale. L'esistevano tappe: presentare il candidato insieme con docu­ menti, il permesso del Governo, la nomina del vescovo e possesso. Per l'elezione del candidato influivano „kollatorzy” nelle parrocchie di „kollacji” privato e l’impiegati nelle parrocchie di „kollacji” del Governo. Per quanto riguarda prendere in possesso delle parrocchie facevano il protocollo esatto di aquisto-consegna. L’ingresso stesso del candidato al tempio aveva il carrattere sollenne. Per quanto riguarda il personale dei uffici ecclesiastici richiedevano tanti documenti; ultima parola aveva la Commissione dei Governo delle Confessioni Religiosi e l’Illuminazione Pubblica; questa influiva pure di espropriare del posto di lavoro. I vescovi in questo caso non sono stati bravi padroni della diocesi. La situazione si è peggiorata ancora dopo L'Insurrezione del Gennaio.
Forma zawarcia małżeństwa według art. 1, § 2 K.R.O.
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: March 2021

L’art. 10,1 del concordato stipulato il 28 luglio 1993 fra la Santa Sede e la Repubblica Polacca prevede la nuova forma della celebrazione del matrimonio (religioso con gli effetti civili). La legge matrimoniale polacca, adattata il 24 luglio 1998 alla regolazione concordataria, ha introdotto i necessari cambiamenti al Codice familiare e tutelare nonche alle altre leggi. Nello stesso tempo il legislatore polacco ha esteso analogicamente la possibilità di contrarre il matrimonio religioso con gli effetti civili alle 10 altre chiese ed associazioni confessionali. Secondo la nuova legge polacca le premesse del carattere costitutivo che condizionano gli effetti civili del matrimonio religioso sono: 1) la manifestazione della concorde volontà degli sposi, espressa in occasione della celebrazione del matrimonio, di produrre dal loro matrimonio gli effetti civili; 2) la trascrizione della celebrazione del matrimonio nei registri statali. L’autore presenta sia le suddette premesse (con la critica della seconda) sia la procedura prevista per la nuova forma della celebrazione del matrimonio in Polonia.
Pojęcie Najświętszej Eucharystii (kan. 897)
Authors: Pastuszko Marian
Published: March 2021

Augustissmum sacramentum, in quo ipse Christus continetur offertur et sumitur, et quo continuo vivit et crescit Ecclesia, Sacrificium eucharisticum, memoriale mortis et resurectionis Domini, in quo sacrificium crucis perpetuatur, totius cultus et vitae christianae est culmen et fons Dei et corporis Christi aedificatio perficitur. Caetera sacramenta et omnia ecclesiastica apostolatus opera cum sanctissima Eucharistia cohaerent et ad eam ordinantur (can. 897).
Kanoniczne problemy w Orędziach Ojca Świętego Jana Pawła II na Światowy Dzień Migranta
Authors: Orczykowski Andrzej
Published: March 2021

The migration issues make an extensive and multifaceted subject in John Paul’s teaching. Expressions of these are, among other things, his Messages for the World Migration Day. In twenty-six years of his pontificate the Pope pointed out the problems of modern migration, which concern individual aspects of life of the Church and of the World. In his Messages the Pope also undertakes canonical issues of migration and shows us the ways to solve them. The Pope’s leading item is a statement that all migrants need special concern on account of their specific situation. It is a duty of the Church to provide a pastoral care for them. Pope John Paul II always defends human rights especially a human right to emigrate and he supports migrants’ right to maintain their own identity. The Pope pays special attention to their rights to form the family and to maintain the family rights.
Prawno-teologiczne aspekty konsekracji zakonnej
Authors: Saj Marek
Published: March 2021

La professione religiosa svolge un ruolo centrale nella vita di istituti religiosi. È un elemento cosi importante di questo tipo di vita, che senza di essa non si puo nemmeno parlare di vita consacrata. La consacrazione religiosa è un fatto storico che si sviluppa fin dall’inizio della Chiesa e arriva fino ai nostri giorni. Il suo fulcro sta nell’imitazione di Gesù Cristo che è il suo fonte e modello. Per quanto ogni cristiano sia chiamato a vivere secondo i consigli evangelici, sono proprio i consacrati che attraverso la professione dei consigli evangelici - di castità, povertà e obbedienza - si consegnano totalmente a Dio. La professione religiosa dunque crea una nuova relazione tra l’uomo e Dio. Nella vita religiosa entra una persona che si impegna a vivere secondo i consigli evangelici. Questo impegno viene preso proprio nell’atto di professione, ossia di consacrazione religiosa. Tale scelta consiste in una totale offerta di sè e in un abbandono di tutto. La professione è anzittutto un atto pubblico visibile in cui il religioso fa voto di osservare i tre consigli evangelici. Attraverso tale consacrazio- ne si crea una relazione giuridica che lega l’istituto religioso e il professo. Si puo, percio, trovare nell’atto di professione religiosa elementi teologici, come l’offerta di sè a Dio, ed elementi giuridici quali gli stessi voti e l’incarnazione nell’istituto. Anche se, da un lato, questi elementi siano distinti, anzi, proprio differenti, dall’altro, essi sono intimamente connessi tra loro, fino al punto che se ne manca uno, tutta la professione rischia di essere invalida.
Recepcja norm prawa powszechnego o szafarzu sakramentu chrztu świętego w prawie partykularnym wybranych synodów diecezjalnych w Polsce
Authors: Wenz Wiesław
Published: March 2021

Receptio normarum iuris universalis in statutis nonnullarum synodorum Anni Iubilaei in Polonia quoad officia ministrorum Sancti Baptismi legislatores particulares debitam curam fidei tutelae fundamentarum praescriptionum Legislatoris Universalis monstavisse clare confirmant. Ius universale sacerdotes pastores canonicos ministros sollemni celebrationis primi sacramenti sanctae fidei vidit. Tamen legislatores synodales suis in statutis consuetudines et practicas locales servaverunt, quae normis iuris universalis non contradicunt.
Nieprawidłowości i przeszkody do święceń (kanony 1040-1049)
Authors: Pastuszko Marian
Published: March 2021

In premio canones 1040-1049 §§ 1-3 Codicis Iuris Canonici Joannis Pauli II Pape obiectum huis studii esse, dicuntur. Irregularitas est impedimentum perpetuum iure ecclesiastico prohibens susceptionem ordinis et secundario exercitium susceptorum ordinum. Impedimentum est im pediens seu illicitum reddens ad tempus ordinum collationem et receptionem et consequenter etiam exercitium ordinis recepti.
Ewangeliczna rada czystości podejmowana ze względu na królestwo niebieskie (kan. 599 KPK/1983)
Authors: Szewczul Bożena
Published: March 2021

Il canone 599 CIC/1983 cerca di dare una definizione compléta ed evangelica insieme del consiglio evangelico di castità. Uno dei tre elementi essenziali della definizione è motivazione del consiglio di castità cioè assunzione per riguardo al regno dei cieli. La castità è segno spéciale dei beni celesti e soprattutto del „mistico sposalizio” del Cristo con la sua Chiesa, perció la vocazione divina alla castità consacrata comporta che la persona si senta scelta da Cristo e non ceda a nessuno il proprio amore per il regno dei cieli. A questo motivo è stato dedicato tutto l’articolo. L’autrice di questo articolo présenta la precedenza del consiglio di castità in una triade dei consigli evangelici, spiega la natura del consiglio, la sua origine evangelica, l’espressione regno dei cieli, e alla fine la vita in castità assunta per il regno dei celi.