bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Analisis Sistem Pengolahan Limbah lndustri Tekstil Menggunakan Bioflokulan Moringa Oleifera Lam.
Authors: Sukarsono Sukarsono
Published: March 2019

Waste water from textile factories classified into dangerous water as regulated by the Ministry of Environment. This waste water usually flows away into the river environment around of factories. Water treatment unit of textile factory believed as an external unit process which need big budget consequences because it might use imported chemical substances. This situation usually use as a common reasons to pollute the environment. This research is a model solution to reduce a fix budget (cost production) in textile production by using a number of Moringa oleifera as a biofloculant to replace an expensive chemical substances as PAC. This model showed the  number of biofloculant at every target number of production and the impact into amount of sludge and water. Linear model commonly found in every stage of simulation. This research showed what kind of preparation needed by environmental factory manager.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Partisipasi Anggota serta hubungannya dengan Keberhasilan Usaha Koperasi Wanita di Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Diana Llfi Nur
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this research is to reveal the factors which affect member’s participation of Kopwan in Pasuruan. And to analyze the simultaneous and the partial influences of these factors. This reseach also to analyze influences members participation on the increasing business success. Hypotesis of this research are: (1) Social factors and economic factors affect positively the members participation of Kopwan, simultaneously or parsially. (2) Members participation affect positively the success bussiness of Kopwan in Pasuruan. The population of this research is five Kopwan in Pasuruan, and the respondens are 84 members of all of Kopwan. The hypotesis are tested by Path Analysis. The results of this res each are (1 ). Social factors) and economic factors affect positively the members participation of Kopwan, simultaneously or parsially. (2) Members participation affect positively the success bussiness of Kopwan in Pasuruan. Therefore Kopwan must care and increase members education, specially about cooperation, increase bussiness which fit the need members, give a fit price and rate of interest provitly. Managemen must do plan maximally and optimally, and collect obligatory saving on the agreed time with members of kopwan.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGGUNAAN POSITION POWER DAN PERSONAL POWER SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN) MALANG
Authors: Suprianto Achmad Sani
Published: March 2019

The Study aims at, 1) finding out the simultaneuos influence of position power, and personnal power on the performance. 2) finding out the partially influence of position power, and personnal power on the performance. This is an explanatory research involving the employees of UIN Malang as the analysis unit. The studi used proportional random sampling method and to collect data from 36 respondent a questionnaire was used. The analysis technique used were multiple regression, partial regression, and determination. The result of study showed that :1) simultaneously the position power, and personnal power significantly influenced the performance, 2) partially the position power, personal power had also positive influence on the performance. Based on the finding, therefore it is suggested that the organization UIN Malang more attention to personnal po1oeer, is basically a dominant variable in influencing performance.The Study aims at, 1) finding out the simultaneuos influence of position power, and personnal power on the performance. 2) finding out the partially influence of position power, and personnal power on the performance. This is an explanatory research involving the employees of UIN Malang as the analysis unit. The studi used proportional random sampling method and to collect data from 36 respondent a questionnaire was used. The analysis technique used were multiple regression, partial regression, and determination. The result of study showed that :1) simultaneously the position power, and personnal power significantly influenced the performance, 2) partially the position power, personal power had also positive influence on the performance. Based on the finding, therefore it is suggested that the organization UIN Malang more attention to personnal po1oeer, is basically a dominant variable in influencing performance.
ANALISIS PENGARUH INFLASI DAN TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA SBI TERHADAP OBLIGASI SYARIAH MUDHARABAH DAN IJARAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yuliana Indah
Published: March 2019

In some recent years, Islamic financial and economy grows rapidly. This evidence can be proved by the growth of Syariah Financial Institution (LKS) in Indonesia that reached to 70 % . This phenomena was contradictory to Conventional Financial Institution that reached only one digit rate of average growth. One of the booming instruments in Islamic financial is syariah obligation. In general, this obligation which is offered by Emiten over subscribe. It become the alternative source of funds while the investors already sick and tired with the conventional financial portfolio products. Activities in capital market influenced by macro economy condition in a country. If the macro indicator stable, capital market activities would be stimulate. There are many indicators of macro economy used for calculate the national growth, such as the inflation and interest rate level. The purpose of this research is to knowing how the inflation and SB! interest rate level influences the syariah obligation return Mudharabah and Ijarah in Indonesia simultaneously. Population in this research is syariah obligation return Mudharabah and ljarah level in Indonesia. The instrument used in this analysis is double linear regression. The results of this research are (1)Both inflation and SBI interest rate level significantly influences syariah obligation return Mudharabah (2) Both inflation and SBI interest rate level were not significantly influences syariah obligation return Ijarah.
Pomza'nın Fiziksel Özelliklerinin Kuru Birim Hacim Ağırlığı ve Termal İletkenliği Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: Özün Savaş
Published: March 2019

Bu
çalışmada, pomzada tane boyutu ve yoğunluğunun kuru birim hacim ağırlığı
(gevşek) değeri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma ayrıca,
farklı özgül ağırlıklara sahip olan pomza numuneleri kullanılarak hazırlanan
yapı bloklarının termal iletkenliklerini de araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Yapılan
testlerde, Isparta bölgesi, Türkiye’den temin edilen pomza örneği, 4.75 mm ile
50 mm arasında dört farklı boyutta sınıflandırılmış. Her bir boyuttaki pomza
numunesi, farklı yoğunluklarda pomza örneklerinin elde edilmesi amacıyla 1.2
g/cm3 ve 1.8 gr/cm3 arasında, çinko klorür (ZnCl2)
kullanılarak hazırlanan ağır ortam sıvılarında laboratuvar ölçekli
yüzdürme-batırma testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuçlar, kuru birim hacim
ağırlık değerlerinin pomza numunelerinin yoğunluğuna ve tane boyutuna bağlı
olarak değiştiğini; yüksek yoğunluklu pomza numuneleri ile karşılaştırıldığında
düşük yoğunluklu pomza numunelerinin daha düşük kuru birim hacim ağırlık
değerleri sergilediğini göstermiştir. Buna ek olarak, küçülen tane boyutu ve
artan pomza yoğunluğu ile birlikte kuru birim hacim ağırlık değerlerinin
arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar ayrıca, düşük yoğunluklu pomza örnekleri
kullanılarak hazırlanan yapı bloklarının, yüksek yoğunluklu pomza örnekleri ile
hazırlanan yapı bloklarından daha iyi ısı iletkenliği sağladığını göstermiştir.
Influence of Perceived Service Quality on Consumer Satisfaction amongst Dairy Milk Processors in Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Anne Wairimu , Kabare Ndung'u , Wanjau Kenneth
Published: March 2019

In today’s competitive retail market, as service quality improves, the customer’s expectation and lateral demand on service level is increased from time to time. Dairy milk processing firms in Kenya are struggling to get it right in providing service quality. This has created dissatisfied consumers and this has led to merging of some dairy milk processing firms and loss of jobs due to closure of some dairy milk processing firms. Therefore, this study aimed at filling this knowledge gap by examining the influence of perceived service quality on consumer satisfaction amongst dairy milk processors in Kenya. The study was guided by cross-sectional research design. The study population comprised of consumers who purchase processed dairy milk from major supermarket chains in Kenya. Primary data was collected from 384 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire which was self-administered. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyse data with the help of SPSS version 21. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between the perceived service quality and consumer satisfaction. Respondents indicated that, perceived service quality was consistent to their satisfaction. The findings showed that, consumers of dairy milk products had a high rating of service quality offered to them by dairy milk processors hence high satisfaction levels. The study therefore concluded that, perceived service quality is an important predictor of customer satisfaction. Milk processors must therefore strive to match and even exceed their customer’s product-service quality with what customers expect.
Influence of Talent Management Practices on Turnover Intent among Research Scientists at the National Museums of Kenya (NMK), Nairobi.
Authors: Ojwang' Nicholas Ochieng'
Published: March 2019

Human talent represents a source of competitive advantage. Yet the very people organisations would want to retain are the ones most likely to leave. What determines employee turnover is a vital question to organisations facing business continuity challenges. Through the prism of the Human Capital and Social Exchange theories, this study aimed at examining the influence of Talent Management practices on turnover intent among Research Scientists at the National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi. Data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire formulated based on extensive literature review. The study targeted 128 employees designated as Research Scientists at the time of conducting this study. Results indicate very high levels of engagement among Research Scientists at NMK. Though respondents understand how their performance is evaluated, the link between pay and performance appears unclear to them. Ample learning and growth opportunities do exist but identification of training needs is not methodical. The study also revealed a clear dissatisfaction with the total compensation package. Although majority of respondents believed that advancement opportunities existed, they were less confident regarding existence of equal opportunity for such advancement. Regression analysis of results indicated that of the six independent variables studied, only employee engagement had significant relationship with employee turnover intent. The study concludes that employee engagement is a critical factor in keeping employees in the organisation. It is recommended that NMK develops effective retention strategies to ensure that Research Scientists remain engaged and committed. An integrated rewards scheme incorporating non-financial factors, career development and work-life balance should form part of the strategy. In addition, a formalised induction program as well as a systematic learning and development scheme with individualised plans needs to be put in place.
Characterization of Collagens Fibers (I, III, IV) and Elastin of Normal and Neoplastic Canine Prostatic Tissues
Authors: Calderón Luis Gabriel Rivera , Kobayashi Priscila Emiko , Vasconcelos Rosemeri Oliveira , Fonseca-Alves Carlos Eduardo , Laufer-Amorim Renee
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to investigate Coll-I, III, IV and elastin in canine normal prostate and PC, using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were used. Collagen fibers area was analyzed with ImageJ software. The distribution of Coll-I and Coll-III was approximately 80% around prostatic ducts and acini, 15% among smooth muscle and 5% surrounding blood vessels, in both normal prostate and PC. There was a higher median area of Coll-III in PC, when compared to normal prostatic tissue (p=0.001 for PSR and p= 0.05 for IHC). Immunostaining for Coll-IV was observed in the basal membrane of prostate acini, smooth muscle, blood vessels, and nerve fibers of normal and PC samples. Although there was no difference in Coll-IV area between normal tissue and PC, tumors with Gleason score 10 showed absence of Coll-IV, when compared to scores 6 and 8 (p=0.0095). Elastic fibers were found in the septa dividing the lobules and around the prostatic acini of normal samples, and was statistically higher in PC, compared to normal tissue (p=0.00229). Investigation of ECM components brings new information and should be correlated with prognosis in future studies.
The Unification of Gravity and Quantum Physics Due to the Isospin of Dirac Particles
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: March 2019

It is shown that gravity and quantum physics can be unified upon the basis of a quark description in terms of a gravitational Dirac particle. It requires the awareness of a second elementary dipole moment (isospin) next to the angular moment (spin) of Dirac particles and the awareness of an (unbroken) omnipresent energetic cosmological background field. The unification has been made explicit by an expression that relates the two major gravitational constants of nature (the gravitational constant and Milgrom’s acceleration constant) with the two major nuclear constants of nature (the weak interaction boson and the Higgs boson).
Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet
Authors: Aldiss Peter , Lewis Jo , Boocock David , Miles Amanda , Bloor Ian , Ebling Francis , Budge Helen , Symonds Michael
Published: March 2019

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) function may depend on its anatomical location and developmental origin. Interscapular BAT (iBAT) regulates acute macronutrient metabolism, whilst perivascular BAT (PVAT) regulates vascular function. Although phenotypically similar, whether these depots respond differently to acute nutrient excess is unclear. Given their distinct anatomical locations and developmental origins and we hypothesised that iBAT and PVAT would respond differently to brief period of nutrient excess. Sprague-Dawley rats aged 12 weeks (n = 12) were fed either a standard (10% fat, n = 6) or high fat diet (HFD: 45% fat, n = 6) for 72 h and housed at thermoneutrality. Following an assessment of whole body physiology, fat was collected from both depots for analysis of gene expression and the proteome. HFD consumption for 72 h induced rapid weight gain (c. 2.6%) and reduced serum NEFA with no change in either total adipose or depot mass. In iBAT, an upregulation of genes involved in insulin signalling and lipid metabolism was accompanied by enrichment of lipid-related processes and functions, plus glucagon and PPAR signalling pathways. In PVAT, HFD induced a pronounced down-regulation of multiple metabolic pathways which was accompanied with increased abundance of proteins involved in apoptosis (e.g. Hdgf and Ywaq) and toll-like receptor signalling (Ube2n). There was also an enrichment of DNA-related processes and functions (e.g., nucleosome assembly and histone exchange) and RNA degradation and cell adhesion pathways. In conclusion, we show that iBAT and PVAT elicit divergent responses to short-term nutrient excess highlighting early adaptations in these depots before changes in fat mass.
Deep Learning Models for the Detection of Plant Leaf Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sibiya Malusi , Sumbwanyambe Mbuyu
Published: March 2019

Machine learning systems use different algorithms to detect the diseases affecting the plant leaves. Nevertheless, selecting a suitable machine learning framework differs from study to study, depending on the features and complexity of the software packages. This paper introduces a taxonomic inspection of the literature in deep learning frameworks for the detection of plant leaf diseases. The objective of this study is to identify the dominating software frameworks in the literature for modelling machine learning plant leaf disease detecting systems.
A Two-Stage Decision Framework for Resolving Brownfield Conflicts
Authors: Han Qingye , Ke Ginger Y. , Zhu Yuming , Lin Hongli
Published: March 2019

Based on the Graph Model of Conflict Resolution (GMCR), a two-stage decision framework is developed to reveal the essence of brownfield incidents and facilitate the resolution of brownfield conflicts caused by the incidents. More particularly, the forward GMCR is utilized in Stage I, the negotiation stage, to simulate the evolution of a brownfield conflict (BC) and predict its potential resolution via stability analysis. If no acceptable equilibrium can be obtained, the BC progresses into Stage II, the third-party-intervention stage, where the inverse GMCR is used to assist a third party in intervening the conflict to achieve a desirable outcome. To illustrate the practicality of this framework, a recent BC occurred in Changzhou, China, is taken as a case study. Invaluable insights are provided through the computation and investigation of the corresponding preference relationships.
Measuring Young’s Modulus of Low-Density Foam Concrete Using Resonant Frequency
Authors: Song Yu , Lange David A.
Published: March 2019

Foam concrete is a construction material with controllable low strength and untraditional physical properties. Its highly crushable nature leaves it a niche as an engineered energy-absorbing material in many value-added applications; however, fundamental understanding of the material properties is crucial. As foam concrete is highly cellularized and ductile, conventional concrete testing methods such as compression test are insufficient to characterize the key material attributes of foam concrete, especially when the foam density is low. The resonant frequency test (ASTM C215) is specified for evaluating dynamic Young’s modulus of normal concrete. Inspired by the non-destructive feature of this test, we investigate the possibility of using the resonant frequency test to continuously monitor the modulus build-up of foam concrete with age. For the representativeness of the samples, three variables are considered in material design—bulk density ranging from 0.4 to 1.2 g/cm3, water to cementitious materials ratio of 0.42 and 0.47, and fly ash replacement of 10 and 30% by weight of cement. After examining the different vibration modes, the fundamental transverse frequency is determined most suitable for interpreting the foam modulus. The experimental results demonstrate good accuracy of using this approach for the measurement of different samples. It is also confirmed that, for a given foam concrete, the foam modulus can be predicted by knowing the foam density and solid modulus of its base cement paste, which provides an important insight for the further studies and real applications of foam concrete.
A Smart Procedure for Severity Estimation of the Maize Leaf Diseases by the Use of Image Segmentation and Fuzzy Logic Inference
Authors: Sibiya Malusi , Sumbwanyambe Mbuyu
Published: March 2019

This paper explains a proposed taxonomic and smart procedure for severity estimation of the maize leaf diseases. However, few researchers have addressed the problem of disease severity estimation, but none have used a detailed procedure by the use of fuzzy logic. The present paper aims to broaden current knowledge of estimating the severity of plant leaf diseases by using fuzzy logic and image segmentation.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis of Essential Oil Salvia Officinalis in Sudan
Authors: Mohamed Amna yousif , Mustafa Ahmed Ali
Published: March 2019

Abstract: In this study the essential oils of Salvia officinalis growing in Sudan, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by Gas chromatography mass spectrometer, forty tow compounds were identified. The essential oil composition of S.officinalis found that it had many important compounds. The detected main compounds were oxygenated monoterpenes followed monohydrocarbone, squiterpenes and other compounds. The main essential oil constituents were α-terpineol (33.07%), camphor (11.57%), α-pinene (8.96%) camphene (5.09%) β-cymen (5.40 %) caryphyllene (3.76%) β-myrcene (3.65%) β-menth1-en-b-ol (3.45%) bomeol (3.38%) β-pinene (2.74%) Epiglobulol (2.59%) 1,8 Cineol (2.24%) and trans-β- terpinyl butanone(2.00% ).
Montmorillonite K10-Catalyzed Solvent-Free Conversion of Furfural into Cyclopentenones
Authors: Bonacci Sonia , Nardi Monica , Costanzo Paola , De Nino Antonio , Di Gioia Maria Luisa , Oliverio Manuela , Procopio Antonio
Published: March 2019

A simple and eco-friendly Montmorillonite K10 (MK10) catalyzed method for the synthesis of cyclopentenone derivatives from biomass-produced furfural has been developed. The versatility of this protocol is that the reactions were carried out in solvent free condition and in short reaction time under heterogeneous catalysis. Montmorillonite K10 is a material most explored as heterogeneous catalyst since it is inexpensive and environmentally friendly.
Influence of Various Climatic Conditions on the Structural Changes of Semicrystalline PLA Spun-Bonded Mulching Nonwovens during Outdoor Composting
Authors: Puchalski Michał , Siwek Piotr , Panayotov Nicolay , Berova Małgorzata , Kowalska Stanisława , Krucińska Izabella
Published: March 2019

This study analyzed the structural changes of semicrystalline polylactide (PLA) in the form of spun-bonded mulching nonwoven, during outdoor composting. The investigation was carried out at the microstructural, supramolecular and molecular levels using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and the viscosity method, respectively. The results showed the varying degree of influence of the climatic condition, prepared compost mixtures and time on the molecular, supramolecular and micromorphological structure of PLA spun-bonded mulching nonwoven and its degradation rate. The obtained experimental results revealed how the popular outdoor composting method, realized under two different European climatic conditions (in Poland and in Bulgary), affects the degradation of PLA nonwoven, designed for agriculture use.
Functional Fitness and Quality of Life among Women over 60 Years of Age Depending on their Level of Objectively Measured Physical Activity
Authors: Nawrocka Agnieszka , Polechoński Jacek , Garbaciak Wiesław , Mynarski Władysław
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to identify the differences in functional fitness and quality of life among women over 60 years of age depending on their level of objectively measured physical activity (PA) according to Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for health. The study used cross-sectional design with 213 volunteered women over 60 years of age. Physical activity was monitored for 7 days of the week using Actigraph Gt3x monitor. The Senior Fitness Test battery and Hand-grip strength tests were performed to assess functional fitness. Quality of life was self-reported using short version of WHOQOL-brief questionnaire. Women who met the PA recommendations achieved slightly better results in most functional tests and all domain of quality of life. The significant differences were found in upper body strength, dynamic balance and social relationships domain of quality of life. Physical activity programs developed on the basis of WHO recommendations have the potential to improve functional capacity and quality of life. However, further experimental studies in this area are required.
Study on Polishing Characteristics of Pyramidal Structured Polishing Pad
Authors: Sato Ryunosuke , Ichida Yoshio ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University 7-1-2 Yoto, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8585, Japan,   CBN & Diamond Nanomachining Institute, Utsunomiya, Japan
Published: March 2019

We conducted a polishing test to clarify the change in polishing characteristics resulting from the wear of a pyramidal-structured polishing tool, and discuss the polishing mechanism unique to the pyramidal-structured polishing pad. When the pyramidal-structured polishing pad is used for polishing, there exists an initial polishing stage in which the removal rate is high but the finished surface is rough; followed by a steady-state polishing stage in which the wear rate is low, removal rate is stable, and a high-quality finish is obtained. The true polishing pressure is constant in the steady-state polishing stage regardless of the nominal polishing pressure, although it differs with workpiece hardness. Polishing was carried out using the pyramidal-structured polishing pad containing 6 μm alumina abrasive grains for 90 min without any scorching or clogging. This resulted in finished surfaces of 0.4 μmRzand 0.07 μmRzfor oxygen-free copper and S45C, respectively.
Surface Finishing Method Using Plasma Chemical Vaporization Machining for Narrow Channel Walls of X-Ray Crystal Monochromators
Authors: Hirano Takashi , Morioka Yuki , Matsumura Shotaro , Sano Yasuhisa , Osaka Taito , Matsuyama Satoshi , Yabashi Makina , Yamauchi Kazuto ,   Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan,   SPring-8 Center, RIKEN, Sayo, Japan
Published: March 2019

Channel-cut Si crystals are useful optical devices for providing monochromatic X-ray beams with extreme angular stability. Owing to difficulties in the high-precision surface finishing of narrow-channel inner walls of the crystals, typical channel-cut crystals have considerable residual subsurface crystal damage and/or roughness on their channel-wall reflection surfaces that decrease intensity and distort the wavefronts of the reflected X-rays. This paper proposes a high-precision surface finishing method for the narrow-channel inner walls based on plasma chemical vaporization machining, which is a local etching technique using atmospheric-pressure plasma. Cylinder- and nozzle-shaped electrodes were designed for channel widths of more than 5 and 3 mm, respectively. We optimized process conditions for each electrode using commercial Si wafers, and obtained a removal depth of 10 μm with a surface flatness and roughness of less than 1 μm and 1 nmRMS, respectively, which should allow the damaged layers to be fully removed while maintaining the wavefront of coherent X-rays.
Skill Abstraction of Physical Therapists in Hemiplegia Patient Rehabilitation Using a Walking Assist Robot
Authors: An Qi , Ishikawa Yuki , Wen Wen , Ishiguro Shu , Ohata Koji , Yamakawa Hiroshi , Tamura Yusuke , Yamashita Atsushi , Asama Hajime ,   The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan,   Fanuc Corporation, Yamanashi, Japan,   Future Robotics Technology Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Japan,   Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Published: March 2019

Improving the walking functions of hemiplegia patients after a stroke or brain injury is an important rehabilitation challenge. Recently, walking assist robots have been introduced in advanced rehabilitation facilities as a way to improve the efficiency of patient rehabilitation and restore their walking functions. Expert therapists can apply this device on different patients; however, such application mainly depends on the therapist’s tacit knowledge. Thus, it is often harder for novice therapists to apply such devices on different types of patients. Consequently, effective use of a walking assist robot has become a new patient rehabilitation skill. Taking rehabilitation as a service provided by medical doctors or therapists to their patients, this study aims to improve the quality of the rehabilitation service. In particular, the objective of this study is to abstract the rehabilitation skill of expert therapists in using a walking assist robot by applying a service science methodology known as skill education. Skill abstraction was performed by interviewing an expert therapist. From this interview, it was found that the expert therapist classified hemiplegia patients into four different classes. Using videos of patients walking, further analysis revealed the expert’s tacit knowledge, which was indicated by differences observed among these four groups in particular phases of the patients’ walking patterns. This study shows that by successfully obtaining explicit knowledge of part of a rehabilitation skill by using a walking assist robot (which until now was a tacit knowledge of experts), and then organizing the acquired explicit knowledge, even non-experts can easily reproduce the skill of experts in new patient rehabilitation.
New Guidelines on Management of Arterial Hypertension: Key Similarities and Differences
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Troitskaya E. A. , Kolesnik E. L.
Published: March 2019

Steady increase in worldwide prevalence of hypertension and hypertension-related cardiovascular morbidity and mortality necessitate new approaches to the management of hypertensive patients. It`s important to recognize that despite several differences the convergence of the 2017 ACC/AHA (US) and 2018 ESC/ESH (European) guidelines is greater now than ever before. The present review focuses on the key similarities and differences of these two documents. Among similarities we analyzed positions regarding the importance of cardiovascular risk evaluation for treatment initiation and choice of optimal treatment strategy: blood pressure (BP) treatment thresholds; drugs of choice for the initiation of antihypertensive therapy and treatment targets in different groups including elderly patients. Among key differences we analyzed sections concerning the classification of BP levels and target BP levels in patients with chronic kidney disease. In conclusion, we may say that in many ways the guidelines are just a different interpretation of the same data. There is no doubt in the importance of lowering high BP and evaluation and correction of high cardiovascular risk. One of the main purposes is to focus attention on younger patients with hypertension.
Hypertension and Dizziness: is there a Relation?
Authors: Parfenov V. A. , Ostroumova T. M. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: March 2019

One of the most frequent complaints of patients with hypertension (HT) is dizziness. Dizziness is understood as a variety of subjective sensations that patients define as “dizziness” – a sense of instability when walking, the illusion of rotation of surrounding objects, the feeling of approaching fainting, the inability to concentrate, and “fog” in the head. Experts share the systemic dizziness (vertigo) and non-systemic. The causes of vertigo in most cases are diseases of the inner ear (Meniere's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo [BPPV], vestibular neuronitis. The most common form of dizziness is psychogenic dizziness. In the vast majority of cases, HT is not the cause of dizziness. The most common cause of vestibular (systemic) dizziness in patients with HT, as in the general population, is BPPV, and the most common cause of non-systemic dizziness is psychogenic dizziness. Among other causes of dizziness in patients with HT should be kept in mind too fast and/or intensive lowering of blood pressure, rhythm and conduction disorders, orthostatic hypotension (especially in elderly and senile patients in the presence of concomitant diabetes).
Legal and Medical Aspects of Off-Label Medication Use. Point of View
Authors: Tsygankova O. V. , Batluk T. I. , Latyntseva L. D. , Platonov D. Y. , Akhmedzhanov N. M.
Published: March 2019

The current state of the Russian and foreign regulatory framework for off-label prescription of medicines is presented in the article. The existing problems of this specific drug therapy and possible solutions are described. Unfortunately, there are some gaps in the Russian legislation regarding the off-label medication use. Based on the clinical reality, in some cases, the “off-label” drugs prescription can be justified by the clinical condition of the patient, the lack of alternative approved drugs, and the availability of published scientific data that create the prerequisites for the effectiveness of this approach. When off-label drug prescribing as a forced measure, the doctor must provide a rationale for this prescription in the medical documentation, the conclusion of the consultation (with the participation of relevant specialists and the clinical pharmacologist) or the medical commission (with the participation of the administration representative), and the written informed consent of the patient or his legal representative. This information should be actively communicated to doctors in order to increase their legal literacy and prevent possible negative and legal consequences.
The prevalence of sleep breathing disorders in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter treatment
Authors: Agaltsov M. V. , Drapkina O. M. , Davtyan K. V. , Arutyunyan G. G.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To study the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who have undergone catheter treatment for this arrhythmia, as well as to study the possible interrelationships of these sleep breathing disorders with comorbid diseases and the received therapy in this cohort.

Material and methods. 231 patients from a random sample were examined (men – 118 [51.1%], mean age 57.8±9.3 years) in the range of 1-6 months after catheter therapy for AF. All patients underwent cardiorespiratory sleep monitoring for one night. The criterion for OSA severity was apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) for hour (the norm is less than 5 events/h). Depending on the results obtained, all patients were divided into groups without apnea and with apnea of varying severity – a mild degree with an AHI value of 5 to 15 events/h, moderate severity with an AHI value of 16 to 30 events/h, and severe degree when the value of AHI more than 30 events/h. The study was performed without abolishing the basic therapy.

Results. According to the results of cardiorespiratory sleep monitoring 127 patients (56.7%) with OSA criteria, were registered. Among them, a mild degree of OSA was found in 35.4% (n=45), a moderate degree – in 40.9% (n=52), and severe one – in 23.7% (n=30) of all patients with apnea. Among patients with obstructive sleep apnea 51.1% were males. Arterial hypertension was significantly more frequent in patients with OSA of pronounced degrees of severity compared with patients without apnea (p=0.047). Weight and body mass index of patients with OSA were significantly higher than in patients without apnea (p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). The left atrium (LA) size in patients with severe OSA was significantly larger than in patients without apnea (p=0.0005), which may indicate a possible contribution of severe obstructive apnea to the arrhythmia generating. OSA was the strongest independent factor among others related to the LA size (odds ratio was 1.6; 95% confidence interval 1.2-2.1; p<0.0003).

Conclusion. Obstructive sleep apnea is very widespread among a cohort of patients with AF who have undergone a catheter procedure to isolate the pulmonary veins. Sleep breathing disorder is the strongest and most independent risk factor for AF associated with increased LA, among other risk factors such as age, hypertension, and obesity.
Factors Associated with Cause-Specific Death in Russia. Data from Longitudinal Prospective Study 1977-2001
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Kapustina A. V. , Deev A. D. , Balanova Yu. A.
Published: March 2019

Aim.To evaluate the associations between main risk factors (RF) with cause-specific death in cohorts of Russian men and women.

Material and methods. Data of a number of crossectional studies conducted in different years by unified base protocol had become the subjects for the study. A total of 12,497 men and 5,039 women aged 35-74 years, residents of Moscow and S-Petersburg (former Leningrad) cities at the moment of examination, were enrolled into the study. We analyzed 17 previously selected risk factors and their associations with cause-specific mortalities: coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), non-CVD, all causes. A total of 10,650 deaths were registered: 8,726 in men (for 10 years) and 1,924 – in women (for 20 years).

Results.Men died more often from all the examined causes except for stroke, what was more typical to women. Mortality in men was associated with significantly larger number of RF than in women and correlations were stronger. In particular, smoking (hazard ratio [HR] 2.25; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.75-2.89; р=0.0001), high blood pressure (HR 1.78; 95%CI 1.43-2.22; р=0.0001) and history of CHD (HR 3.23; 95%CI 2.71- 3.84; р=0.0001) significantly increased CHD-related mortality in the men’s cohort but were much less significant for women. The total cholesterol level demonstrated significance in men but was not even selected in the model for women. The main RF for stroke-related mortality were smoking, high blood pressure and atrial fibrillation, while for non-cardiovascular mortality there was only one common factor – smoking. Factors associated with CVD and all-cause mortality were almost the same because CVD cover more than half in the all-cause mortality, however a larger number of predictors were reported in men.

Conclusion. The data obtained indicate: 1) considerably larger number of unfavorable risk factors in the men’s cohort, which significantly increased risk for death from any cause; 2) statistically more pronounced relation between risk factors and mortality rates in men as compared to women, especially note that mortality rates were followed up for 10 years in men and 20 years in women. It is obvious that successful prevention focused on risk factors must be gender-based.
Assessment of Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation for 2015-2017 According to the Registry of the Clinic of the Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North of Krasnoyarsk City
Authors: Tuchkov A. A. , Gogolashvili N. G. , Yaskevich R. A.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To evaluate the volume of antithrombotic therapy (ATT) at the prehospital stage in connection with the risk of thromboembolic complications, and also to study the dynamics of the frequency of administration of oral anticoagulants (ОAC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in 2015-2017.

Material and methods. The registry included 562 patients with AF at the age of 18 years and older, hospitalized in the cardiology department during 2015-2017. The registry did not include patients with AF and mechanical heart valves, mitral stenosis. The diagnosis of AF was established in accordance with the current recommendations. All patients had an assessment of the risk of thromboembolic complications on the CHA2DS2-VASc scale, the risk of bleeding on the HAS-BLED scale. The incidence of ATT at the prehospital stage was assessed depending on the risk of thromboembolic complications based on patient questioning and analysis of medical records. In addition, an assessment of the dynamics of the frequency of the OAC prescription during 2015-2017 was conducted.

Results. The overwhelming majority of patients with AF (96.1%) belonged to the group of high-risk of cardioembolic strokes according to the CHA2DS2-VASc scale and had indications for OAC therapy. The frequency of OAC prescription in patients with AF who were admitted to the cardiology department was 32% at the prehospital stage, of which 19.8% of patients took warfarin and 12.2% – direct OAC. The target level of the international normalized ratio (from 2.0 to 3.0) at the time of hospitalization was observed only in 33.6% of patients taking warfarin. Over the observation period, there was a tendency to increase the frequency of OAC prescription from 30% in 2015 to 38.4% in 2017.

Conclusion. Only 32% of patients with AF and high risk of thromboembolic complications received adequate antithrombotic therapy at the prehospital stage. According to the registry the frequency of OAC prescription in patients with AF during 2015-2017 increased by 8.4%. At the same time, there was a significant increase in the frequency of direct OAC prescription.
Prognostic Value of ECG in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Mullova I. S. , Pavlova T. V. , Khokhlunov S. M. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To study the significance of electrocardiography (ECG) signs for determining the hospital prognosis in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE).

Material and methods. 472 consecutive patients (49.6% men; average age 58.06±14.28 years) with PE, hospitalized to our center from 23.04.2003 to 18.09.2014 were enrolled into the study. In all cases PE was confirmed by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography and rarely by pulmonary angiography, or by pathology. Patients management was in accordance with appropriate European guidelines. Data of patients' history, clinical symptoms, biochemical markers and instrumental methods (ECG, echocardiography) were analyzed by one-dimensional logistic regression. The end points were: death, shock and hypotension, right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension, positive cardiac biomarkers.

pulmonary embolism, electrocardiography, prognosis, collapse, hypotension, dysfunction of the right ventricle. 443 patients (93.9%) without fatal outcome were the first group and 29 patients (6.1%) with a fatal outcome – the second group. SIQIII pattern (33 vs 55.2%; p=0.015), non-complete right bundle branch block (RBBB) (16.3 vs 37.9%; p=0.001), ST segment elevation in lead III (9.7 vs 20.7%, p=0.034), atrial fibrillation (12.9 vs 37.9%, p=0.048) were observed more frequently among patients of group 2. Multivariate analysis revealed that SIQIII pattern (odds ratio [OR] 2.26; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.046-4.868; p=0.038) and RBBB (OR 2.84; 95%CI 1.272-6.327; p=0.011) were associated with worse prognosis. The SIQIII pattern was significantly associated with a fatal outcome with a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 33% (AUC=0.611) according to ROC-analysis. Risk of hypotension was related to the following ECG-signs: the p-pulmonale (OR 1.76; 95%CI 1.001-3.088; p=0.049), negative T-wave in lead III (OR 1.8; 95%CI 1.035-3.144; p=0.037). Inversion of the T wave in lead III was associated with the development of shock (OR 1.98; 95%CI 0.891-4.430; p=0.043).

ECG-signs were also associated with the development of right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension: right axis deviation (OR 1.035; 95%CI 1.008-1.062; p=0.01), ST-segment elevation in the AVR lead (OR 3.769; 95%CI 1.018-13.955; p=0.047), negative T wave in leads III, V1-V3 (OR 1.015; 95%CI 1.008-1.023; p=0.001 and OR 1.014; 95%CI 1.005-1.022; p=0.001, respectively), RBBB (OR 1.013; 95%CI 1.003- 1.024; p=0.012), p-pulmonale (OR 1.015; 95%CI 1.007-1.023; p=0.001), deep S in leads V5-V6 (OR 1.015; 95%CI 1.006-1.024; p=0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between ECG signs and cardiac biomarkers (troponin I and BNP).

Conclusions. SIQIII pattern, RBBB and inversion of the T wave in lead III have prognostic value in unselected population of patients with PE.
Informasi, Literasi Media dan Pustakawan
Authors: Hapsari Dian
Published: March 2019

Media dan manusia merupakan hal yang saling berkaitan. Disadari atau tidak media banyak mempengaruhi pola hidup manusia. Perkembangan media ditambah dengan teknologi menghasilkan jumlah informasi yang semakin meningkat. Banjir Informasi menjadi masalah baru yang dihadapi saat ini sehingga perlu dilakukan kesadaran media yang salah satu nya melalui literasi media. Pustakawan di perguruan tinggi. dapat terlibat dalam kegiatan literasi media untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran melalui kegiatan seperti: workshop, seminar, leaflet serta memberi pengumuman dengan menggunakan fasilitas web perpustakaan. Selain itu perpustakaan juga dapat berkolaborasi dengan institusi lain dalam kegiatan literasi media.  Agar dapat melakukan literasi media yang baik, pustakawan perlu ditunjang kompetensi yang memadai untuk melakukan hal tersebut. Diharapkan dengan dapat terlaksananya literasi media oleh pustakawan perguruan tinggi, tingkat kesadaran media civitas academika akan semakin meningkat. Dengan demikian budaya literasi dapat terwujud dengan baik, karena pada dasarnya literasi merupakan soft skill yang harus dimiliki oleh manusia untuk bertahan hidup
Preparation of low-cost sludge-based mesoporous carbon and its adsorption of tetracycline antibiotics
Authors: Junyu Zou , Zefeng Song , Yuesuo Yang
Published: March 2019

Preparation of sludge-derived mesoporous carbon materials (SMCs) through pyrolysis of excess activated sludge from urban municipal sewage plants is an effective means of reducing pollution and utilizing a waste resource. This paper presented a method of SMC preparation in which calcium oxide (CaO), polyacrylamide (PAM), and chitosan (CAS) flocculating agents were used as pore-forming additives. Physical and chemical characterizations of the prepared SMCs were conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The prepared SMCs were used to adsorb a tetracycline (TC) antibiotic pollutant. The influences of pH, adsorption time, temperature, and pollutant concentration on TC adsorption capacity were determined. The experiments demonstrated that weakly acidic conditions were conducive to TC adsorption, which mainly occurs via electrostatic and π-π interactions. The TC adsorption process by SMCs conformed better to the pseudo-second-order models, indicating that chemical adsorption was the dominant adsorption process. The isothermal adsorption of TC by the SMCs conformed to the Freundlich model. This implied that TC easily adhered onto the SMC surfaces via multilayer homogeneous adsorption. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of TC onto SMCs was spontaneous and endothermic.