bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polacy a Słowianie wschodni: społeczne uwarunkowania formowania się cech tożsamościowo-mentalnych
Authors: Radzik Ryszard
Published: May 2019

Tekst jest poświęcony omówieniu tych historycznie uwarunkowanych cech tożsamościowo-mentalnych trzech narodów wschodniosłowiańskich (Rosjan, Ukraińców i Białorusinów) oraz Polaków, które wpływały niegdyś i zwłaszcza obecnie oddziałują na postawy opisywanych społeczeństw. Zwrócono uwagę głównie na uwarunkowania społeczno-kulturowe, klasowo-warstwowe oraz związane z istnieniem (bądź nie) struktur państwowych, zatem stosunkiem do władzy. Białorusini i większość Ukraińców ewoluowali w ciągu ostatnich dwóch wieków: od związków z łacińskim kręgiem kulturowym do włączenia się do wspólnoty rosyjskiej (prawosławnej). Oba społeczeństwa utraciły w wyniku rewolucji bolszewickiej pierwotne elity, a nowe powstały w wyniku awansu społecznego mas chłopskich. Stały się bardziej zewnątrzsterowne, nastawione na budowę pionowych struktur władzy, mało podatne na budowę oddolnych procesów samoorganizacji społecznej, aktywizujące się w ramach grup pierwotnych. Zrywająca z tymi uwarunkowaniami Ukraina przeżywa wstrząsy społeczne.
Ryzyko ekologiczne jako ryzyko społeczne. Na ile „rzeczywista” jest katastrofa klimatyczna?
Authors: Wrochna Przemysław
Published: May 2019

Konieczność radzenia sobie z ryzykiem jest niewątpliwie kwestią towarzyszącą społeczeństwu na każdym etapie jego rozwoju, nie inaczej jest współcześnie. Społeczeństwo (światowego) ryzyka, bo tak dzisiejszą rzeczywistość określa niemiecki socjolog U. Beck, jest kategorią opisującą świat globalnych zagrożeń, których źródłem jest sama cywilizacja i postęp naukowo-technologiczny. Jest to także okres, w którym w sposób zasadniczy krystalizuje się społeczna świadomość ryzyka, w ramach której bardziej niż kiedykolwiek zatarciu ulega sztywne rozróżnienie między obliczalnym (obiektywnym) ryzykiem a jego (subiektywną) świadomością. Jednym z wyzwań tej rzeczywistości jest kwestia zmian środowiska naturalnego (ryzyko ekologiczne). Tocząca się współcześnie debata wokół potencjalnego ocieplenia klimatu, znaczenie, jakie przypisuje się aspektowi bezpieczeństwa ekologicznego oraz liczba aktorów zaangażowanych w ten problem wymuszają refleksję, iż zmiana klimatyczna to nie tylko problem czysto przyrodniczy (wystarczy spojrzeć na ewentualne polityczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne koszty globalnego ocieplenia).
Perception of trust levels in organizations based upon opinions of Polish and Ukrainian employees- results of a pilot study
Authors: Oronowicz Magdalena , Samuła Sylwia , Kowalczyk Piotr
Published: May 2019

Objective - Due to the increasing share of Ukrainians in the Polish labor market, an analysis concerning the evaluation of trust levels exhibited by Polish and Ukrainian employees of Polish organizations was conducted. The assessment serves to merely outline the issue. Further studies on a more representative sample ought to be continued.

Approach - The paper is based upon the review of literature regarding the scope of social capital and results of a pilot study conducted with the use of a questionnaire. The pilot encompassed 84 respondents. The questionnaire was developed on the basis of tools applied by other authors. The study encompassed Polish and Ukrainian employees due to the increasing share of the latter in the Polish labor market.

Results - Results indicate that the employees, regardless of their nationality, manifest a rather high trust level. Respondents of both nationalities believe that their colleagues are friendly and eagerly share knowledge. The results indicate that they are aware of their duties and need not be controlled and overseen. However, they openly admit that their organizations do not shy from gossip and criticism, which begs for more scrutiny.

Limitations/ research implications - The limitation of the present paper can be seen in the non-representative character of the sample. Moreover, it would be beneficial to expand the questionnaire in order to gain more insight into the issue.

Originality/ value - Despite the limitations, the results are interesting due to the increasing number of Ukrainian employees in Polish organizations.
Edukacja matematyczna i lęk przed matematyką w percepcji młodzieży szkolnej
Authors: Oszwa Urszula , Szablowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2019

W badaniach z zakresu psychologii edukacyjnej i pedagogiki analizowano postrzeganie matematyki przez uczniów klasy pierwszej (n = 58) i trzeciej (n = 58) gimnazjum, biorąc pod uwagę: 1) lęk przed matematyką, 2) zaangażowanie rodziców w naukę matematyki, 3) użyteczność matematyki w życiu codziennym i w przyszłości, 4) stereotypy płciowe dotyczące matematyki, 5) potrzeby odniesienia sukcesu w matematyce, 6) percepcję nauczyciela matematyki. Problem badawczy dotyczył obecności różnic w postrzeganiu matematyki ze względu na wiek i poziom nauczania. Zastosowano technikę ankietową, której podstawą konstrukcji było narzędzie Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Anxiety Survey – Short Form (Mulhern, Rae 1998). Różnice wyników okazały się istotne statystycznie w zakresie postrzegania przez badanych zaangażowania rodziców w edukację matematyczną oraz percepcji nauczyciela tego przedmiotu. Wnioski dla praktyki pedagogicznej sugerują potrzebę wzmocnienia autorytetu nauczyciela matematyki w starszych klasach gimnazjum.
Style mówienia o zadowoleniu a wybrane cechy osobowości kobiet
Authors: Kosacka Kalina
Published: May 2019

Celem badań było odnalezienie i opisanie stylów mówienia o emocjach oraz ukazanie ich psychologicznych mechanizmów, zwłaszcza w zakresie neurotyczności, lęku i depresyjności. Wykorzystano do tego celu metody kwestionariuszowe (SF IPIP NEO-PI-R, BDI-II, STAI) oraz metody narracyjne. Badaniami objęto 71 dorosłych kobiet, które opowiedziały historię na temat zadowolenia po usłyszeniu wystandaryzowanej instrukcji. Wypowiedzi zanalizowano poprzez zliczenie wystąpień określonych wskaźników ekspresywności, a uzyskane dane poddano analizie skupień. Wykazano, że kobiety stosują trzy style mówienia o emocjach, które określono jako zadaniowy, pogodny oraz lękowo-depresyjny. Styl lękowo-depresyjny charakteryzuje się używaniem większej ilości negatywnych określeń emocjonalnych, negacji, określeń wskazujących na dokonywanie rozróżnień, a także występowaniem większej ilości zjawisk paralingwistycznych. Ujawniają się w ten sposób przede wszystkim zniekształcenia poznawcze typowe dla depresji i wzmożonego napięcia emocjonalnego. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują na to, że sposób mówienia o emocjach trafnie odzwierciedla cechy psychiczne człowieka.
Formy zdrowia emocjonalnego a cechy osobowości u osób dotkniętych chorobą nowotworową (kobiet po mastektomii)
Authors: Olszewski Jacek Konrad
Published: May 2019

Wiele danych świadczy o tym, że osoby dotknięte rakiem są bardziej lękowe i depresyjne niż zdrowa populacja. Jednakże należy zwrócić uwagę na wewnętrzne zasoby psychiczne pacjentów onkologicznych, które mogą pełnić funkcję bufora chroniącego przed zaburzeniami zdrowia psychicznego. Celem podjętych badań było określenie różnic w zakresie podstawowych cech osobowości kobiet po mastektomii i kobiet, które nie były dotknięte chorobą nowotworową, odznaczających się różnymi formami zdrowia emocjonalnego. Wyniki badań wskazują, że zarówno kobiety po mastektomii, jak i kobiety niedotknięte chorobą nowotworową nie stanowią pod względem formy zdrowia emocjonalnego grupy jednorodnej. Ponadto podgrupy kobiet po mastektomii i podgrupy kobiet niedotkniętych chorobą nowotworową, z różnymi formami zdrowia emocjonalnego, różnią się między sobą pod względem podstawowych cech osobowości, takich jak ekstrawersja i neurotyczność.
Językowe wykładniki pojęcia „radość” w wypowiedziach dzieci w normie intelektualnej i dzieci z zespołem Downa
Authors: Jęczeń Urszula
Published: May 2019

Artykuł jest próbą ukazania konceptualizacji pojęcia „radość” w ujęciu dzieci pozostających na różnych etapach rozwoju poznawczego – 6-letnich dzieci w normie intelektualnej oraz 10–13-letnich dzieci z zespołem Downa. Sposób ujęcia emocji, jaką jest radość, zależał od możliwości poznawczych badanych dzieci. Wyłania się z nich subiektywne doświadczenie, indywidualny punkt widzenia oraz utrwalone w języku potoczne widzenie świata. W obu grupach badawczych widoczne okazały się różnice w budowie (doborze aspektów) struktury semantycznej pojęcia, odmienności w postawie antropocentrycznej wobec rzeczywistości oraz ważny subiektywizm spostrzeżeń.
Kategoria nowych ruchów społecznych w ujęciu Manuela Castellsa
Authors: Marczewska-Rytko Maria
Published: May 2019

Występuje wiele podejść teoretycznych do badania ruchów społecznych. Teoria nowych ruchów społecznych jest jedną z nich. Celem artykułu jest analiza kategorii nowych ruchów społecznych zaprezentowana przez Manuela Castellsa. Przeanalizował on nową formę ruchów społecznych: od arabskiej wiosny do ruchów w takich państwach, jak Islandia, Hiszpania czy USA. Ruchy te różnią się pod wieloma względami, ale wszystkie stworzyły autonomiczną sieć komunikowania się związaną z internetem i komunikacją bezprzewodową. Castells scharakteryzował te ruchy i stworzył ich teoretyczny model w erze internetu.
Protection of rights of people with special educational needs in Ukraine
Authors: Zaika Vitalii
Published: May 2019

W artykule autor przeanalizował trzy modele postaw wobec osób o specjalnych potrzebach na świecie (model medyczny, model normalizacji i model społeczny) oraz określił priorytetowe podejście humanistyczne oparte na poszanowaniu godności ludzkiej, praw i wolności każdej osoby, niezależnie od płci, wieku czy stanu zdrowia. Wskazano też podstawowe potrzeby osób niepełnosprawnych oraz potrzebę samorealizacji, w wyniku której ludzie starają się odnaleźć swoje miejsce w życiu i wykorzystać swój potencjał, talenty, profesjonalną determinację. Uwzględnione zostały wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne mechanizmy wsparcia „niepełnosprawnych” w ich rozwoju, dla których edukacja włączająca ma na celu: zbudowanie korzystnego klimatu psychologicznego w rodzinie; stworzenie systemu kulturowego w społeczeństwie; uzyskanie wsparcia rządu w profesjonalnej i twórczej samorealizacji; zapobieganie społecznym negatywnym postawom wobec osób niepełnosprawnych i ich kontrolę; zapewnienie równych praw przez państwo; usuwanie granic między „zdrowymi” a osobami niepełnosprawnymi; pozytywne postrzeganie siebie; aktywne życie; wyraźną tożsamość i personalizację; odpowiedzialność, wolność i silną wolę; wiarę w siebie i pozytywną ocenę możliwości (swoich i innych osób). W opracowaniu przedstawiono zagraniczne i krajowe przepisy gwarantujące prawa osób o szczególnych potrzebach, takie jak: Powszechna deklaracja praw człowieka (1948), Deklaracja praw dziecka (1959), Deklaracja praw osób upośledzonych umysłowo (1971), Deklaracja praw osób niepełnosprawnych (1975), Konwencja dotycząca rehabilitacji zawodowej i zatrudnienia osób niepełnosprawnych (1983), Konwencja o prawach dziecka (1989), Standardowe zasady wyrównywania szans osób niepełnosprawnych (1993), Deklaracja Salamanki w sprawie zasad, polityki i praktyki w zakresie specjalnych potrzeb edukacyjnych i ramy działania (1994), Deklaracja z Dakaru (2000), Konwencja o prawach osób niepełnosprawnych (2006, Nowy Jork) i inne.
Mit czy mity Sybiru w wyobraźni i pamięci zbiorowej ?
Authors: Michalska-Bracha Lidia
Published: May 2019

Celem badań podjętych w artykule jest próba charakterystyki mitu Sybiru obecnego w wyobrażeniach zbiorowych Polaków na przestrzeni XIX–XX w. oraz wytypowania jego zasadniczych komponentów. W takim ujęciu problematyka niniejszego tekstu wpisuje się w szersze studia dotyczące zagadnienia mitologizacji przeszłości i jej funkcjonowania w różnych kontekstach historycznych oraz we współczesności. Na tych aspektach, jak również na koncepcji kultury pamięci Krzysztofa Pomiana, oparte zostały założenia metodologiczne niniejszych badań. Podstawę dla tych rozważań stanowi mit Sybiru, dla którego punktem odniesienia są doświadczenia Polaków na zesłaniu na Syberii w XIX w. oraz losy represjonowanych w latach czterdziestych XX w. W artykule zwrócono więc uwagę na to, że mit Sybiru, rozumiany jako swoiste „miejsce pamięci” Polaków w XIX i XX w., konstruowany był przez wiele czynników. Obok twórczości literackiej polskich romantyków oraz dzieł artystów malarzy (np. A. Sochaczewskiego) zasadniczą rolę odegrała XIX-wieczna literatura pamiętnikarska (np. J. Glaubicz Sabińskiego, E. Felińskiej, A. Januszkiewicza, G. Zielińskiego, A. Gillera i wielu innych) oraz historiografia z dziełami takich historyków, jak Z. Librowicz i M. Janik. To w ich twórczości historycznej i wspomnieniowej utrwalił się przekaz wyobrażeniowy Syberii, m.in. jako „ziemi przeklętej”, „ziemi milczenia i zgrozy” oraz „lodowego piekła”, które w konsekwencji konstruowały wyobrażeniowy przekaz Sybiru. Istotną rolę w tworzeniu mitu Sybiru odegrali także polscy XIX-wieczni badacze Syberii, m.in.: B. Dybowski, J. Czerski i A. Czekanowski, którym poświęcono odrębne miejsce. W artykule uwagę skoncentrowano więc przede wszystkim na charakterystyce XIX-wiecznego mitu Sybiru, przy szerszym odwołaniu się do przykładów doświadczeń Polaków z okresu rosyjskich represji z lat II wojny światowej oraz współczesnych wyobrażeń na temat losów Polaków na Syberii, czego uosobieniem jest dzisiaj idea Muzeum Pamięci Sybiru w Białymstoku.
Prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with other microvascular complications in South Indian population
Authors: Paneerselvam Dharmarajan , Saravanan Pushpa , Malini Priya , R. Vasuki , S. Subhasree , I. Periyandavar , Meena Rajesh Kumar
Published: May 2019

Background: In individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the presence of Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) increases the risk of severe hypoglycaemia, cardiac arrhythmias, silent myocardial ischemia and stroke. It is also associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality, even with minor surgeries in these patients. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of CAN in T2DM patients and to investigate any possible association between CAN and micro vascular complications.Methods: 102 T2DM patients between the age of 30 years and 70 years, who attended outpatient department of Institute of Diabetology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital and Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu were included. All the selected patients underwent laboratory investigations, biothesiometry, fundus examination, and CAN assessment by CANS analyser.Results: A slight female preponderance was noted in the study, though it was statistically insignificant. Out of 102 patients, prevalence of CAN dysfunction was found in 82 (80.39%) of T2DM patients. No significant association of CAN was noted with duration of diabetes (p=0.772), HbA1c (p=0.827) and nephropathy (p=0.524). However, peripheral neuropathy (p=0.006) and retinopathy (p=0.03) were found to be significantly associated with CAN in T2DM patients.Conclusions: Prevalence of CAN in asymptomatic South Indian T2DM population was found to be 80.39%, with equal sex distribution and was most common in the 51- 60 years age group. Diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy were the most significant microvascular complications predictive of the incidence of CAN in T2DM patients.
Aetiology of new onset seizures in cases admitted to an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital: a two year study
Authors: Pannem Ramesh Babu , Chintha Venkata Subrahmanyam
Published: May 2019

Background: Seizures are a common neurological disorder encountered globally in regular medical practice. Hospital onset seizures may occur in patients who never had a history of seizure before hospitalization and may be due to causes that lead to hospitalization or acquired during hospitalization like stroke, neuro infection etc. The objectives of this study were the purpose of the present study was to study the incidence and to describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients developing new onset seizures in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective study for two years was conducted on cases of seizures admitted in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. The etiology of all the cases was recorded based on the clinical history and necessary investigations like EEG and imaging studies of the brain in cases if required.Results: About 238 cases with males 177 and females 61 cases were enrolled, and 31-50 years was most common age group. Diabetes was the most common co morbidity associated and generalized seizures were most common. CVA was most common etiology (26.89%) and idiopathic next common. Infarct was most common cause of CVA and meningitis in infections. Generalized tonic clonic seizures was most common in cases with CVA as the aetiology followed by infective cases.Conclusions: It is mandatory to deal cautiously and carefully the cases of seizures developing in an ICU in addition to proper history and examination, each patient must undergo detailed EEG, imaging investigations and other ancillary investigations if necessary.
Modeling Pavement Performance Based on LTPP Database for Flexible Pavements
Authors: RADWAN Mostafa , ABO-HASHEMA Mostafa , HASHEM Moatafa , FAHEEM Hamdy
Published: May 2019

In many countries, incredible investments have been made in constructing roads that require conducting periodic evaluation and timely maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) plan to keep the network operating under acceptable level of service. The timely M&R plan necessitates accurately predicting pavement performance, which is an essential element of road infrastructure asset management systems or Pavement Management Systems (PMS). Consequently, there is always a need to develop and to update performance prediction models embedded in PMS applications. This study focuses in developing distress prediction models for flexible pavements located in non-freeze climatic zone, which represent most of developing countries such as Egypt, using data extracted from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program. Ten distress performance prediction models were developed in this study for both wet- and dry-non freeze climatic zones, which are alligator (Fatigue) cracking, longitudinal cracking, transverse cracking, ravelling, bleeding, and rut depth models. These models can play an important role assisting decision makers in predicting pavement performance, identifying M&R needs, rational budget planning and resource allocation.
Vestibular contribution to memory processing
Authors: Moossavi Abdollah , Jafari Meymaneh
Published: May 2019

Background and Aim: The vestibular system contributes in the stabilization of the head and body, orientation, and gazing through the pro­cessing of sensory inputs. A wealth of evidence supports the involvement of vestibular informa­tion in higher functions, too.Methods: In this paper, we reviewed the pre­vious studies on the effect of the vestibular sys­tem on memory as one of the cognitive func­tions.Results: Clinical and laboratory findings indi­cate the association of vestibular inputs (besides postural control and oculomotor) with a variety of higher functions, especially memory func­tion. Because part of the memory function is determined by other cognitive processes i.e. att­ention capacity, emotional disturbances, and executive functions, the study of the effect of vestibular inputs on these functions provides a more accurate view of how the vestibular inputs affect memory performance.Conclusion: Although our current knowledge on vestibular-memory interaction is increasing, the exact involvement of vestibular signals in memory representations is still unclear and needs further studies to determine the theore­tical basis of vestibular involvement in memory processing.
Bruksizm teşhis ve tedavisi üzerine güncel yaklaşımlar: Derleme
Authors: ERDOĞ ÖZGÜR Merve , ARİFAĞAOĞLU Özge , KARABEKMEZ Didem
Published: May 2019

Bruksizm; genel kabul gören haliyle dişlerin okluzal yüzeyleri
arasında non-fonksiyonel ve sürekli, kuvvetli temas olarak tanımlanır; çiğneme sisteminin non-fonksiyonel
hareketleri esnasındaki istemsiz, aşırı gıcırdatma (grinding), dişlerin
sıkılması (clenching), veya sürtünmesidir (rubbing).  Hayatı tehdit edici bir rahatsızlık olmamasına karşın, insan yaşamının kalitesini dental problemler ve
orofasiyal bölgedeki
ağrı ile etkileyebilir. Günümüzde
bruksizmin altında yatan nörokimyasal mekanizmalar tam olarak
anlaşılamamıştır. Bununla birlikte, stres ve kişilik özellikleri gibi psikososyal faktörlerin de bruksizm etiyolojisinde önemli olduğu bildirilmiştir. Diş
gıcırdatma periyodları kısa aralıklarda olmasına rağmen çiğneme
sisteminde ciddi problemlere neden olabilmektedir. Bruksizm sonucu
temporomandibular rahatsızlıklar, baş ağrısı, dişlerde aşınma, hassasiyet ve
mobilite gibi problemler görülebilmektedir.
Yıllar içinde
bruksizmi durdurmak için
protetik tedavilerde dahil olmak üzere birçok tedavi yöntemi denenmiştir ancak bruksizmi daimi
olarak elimine eden bir tedavi yöntemi henüz bulunmamaktadır. Her ne kadar
oklüzal ısırma
plakları ile bruksizmin zararlı etkileri önlense de etkinliğinin net olarak gösterildiği kanıta dayalı çalışmalar
bulunmamaktadır ve oklüzal tedavi bitirildiğinde uzun dönemde bruksizm
tekrarlayabilir. Bu derlemede bruksizmin oluş nedenleri ve güncel tedavi
yaklaşımları literatür
bilgileri ışığında tartışılmıştır.
Description of the Cirad wood collection in Montpellier, France, representing eight thousand identified species
Authors: Langbour Patrick , Paradis Sébastien , Thibaut Bernard
Published: May 2019

La xylothèque du Cirad est composée d’échantillons provenant de 34 395 arbres issus de 123 pays, appartenant à 235 familles, 2 160 genres et 8 385 espèces (dont 60 % sont représentées par plus d’un spécimen par arbre). Les espèces d’Afrique, d’Asie et d’Amérique représentent 85 % de la collection. Une description botanique des familles, genres et espèces les plus représentés a été faite dans les dix régions géographiques pour lesquelles il y a suffisamment d’échantillons (plus de 1 000). Ces régions comprennent neuf régions tropicales ou subtropicales et une grande entité appelée « Climat Froid du Nord » (NCC), qui couvre tous les pays de l’hémisphère nord ayant une saison froide marquée (climats boréal, alpin tempéré et méditerranéen). Les neuf régions tropicales et subtropicales ont plus ou moins les mêmes familles dominantes, mais différents genres dominants alors que les familles dominantes dans l’entité NCC diffèrent largement. La collection est décrite dans une base de données spécifique : échantillons de bois, sections et photographies avec leurs noms et provenance. La densité a été mesurée pour les deux tiers des spécimens (6 750 espèces). Dans l’ensemble, les valeurs de la densité ont une distribution presque normale dans une plage de 0,04 à 1,36, avec une médiane de 0,72 et un coefficient de variation (CV) de 28 %. La différence entre régions, quant à la distribution de la densité, est assez faible (valeurs moyennes variant de 0,66 à 0,76) avec un CV systématiquement élevé (26 % à 32 %). En examinant les familles, genres et espèces les mieux représentés, le CV moyen pour les familles (26 %) est similaire à celui des régions et beaucoup plus bas pour les genres (18 %) et espèces (13 %). L’éventail des densités augmente de la famille au genre et à l’espèce (0,53 à 0,86, 0,46 à 0,95, 0,23 à 1,07 respectivement). Dans l’article, les différents usages actuels et potentiels de la xylothèque sont discutés.
Ulnar-Sided Wrist Pain
Authors: Brogan David M. , Berger Richard A. , Kakar Sanjeev
Published: May 2019

» Ulnar-sided wrist pain encompasses a variety of pathologies including arthritis, tendinopathy, ligament injuries, and instability.

» A careful physical examination can narrow the differential diagnosis, and adjunctive imaging may prove useful to confirm clinical suspicion.

» The mainstay of nonoperative treatment is immobilization, hand therapy, and corticosteroid injections; surgical intervention is dictated by the specific pathology identified, recognizing that multiple pain generators may be present.

» In the absence of distal radioulnar joint instability, when indicated, peripheral capsular repair of the triangular fibrocartilage complex may be an effective procedure for relieving pain. If instability is noted, foveal repair is advocated to restore stability.

» Treatment of distal radioulnar joint arthritis continues to evolve as new implants and techniques emerge.

» Ulnar shortening osteotomy, when indicated, can be a reliable surgical option to reduce pain and improve function.
Antioxidant Activities, Phenolic Contents and Electronic Nose Analysis of Black Garlic
Authors: EYUPOGLU Ozan Emre
Published: May 2019

Black garlic is a processed garlic product with a moisture-controlled high temperature heat treatment for a long time. In order to determine the secondary metabolites of black garlics treated in the study, firstly, in vitro antioxidant activities of black garlics purchased from Edovital company, Kastamonu, Turkey were determined, followed by qualitative and quantitative measurement of the phenolic compound content by HPLC and finally the electronic nose analysis of the content of nebulizer vapors in wood vinegar extract of black garlics were done successfully. Chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, benzoic acid, gallic acid contents in detected 13 phenolic acids were quitely high. All quantitative results were expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g dry matter of black garlic sample. ABTS and DPPH antioxidant activities were very low according to BHT standart and 2-Methylene-4-pentenal (18%) and Furfural (25%) were detected in high amount with electronic nose in nebulvapor contents of black garlic wood vinegar extract.
The impact of non-ideal surfaces on the solid-water interaction: a time-resolved adsorption study
Authors: May Matthias , Stange Helena , Weinrich Jonas , Hannappel Thomas , Supplie Oliver
Published: May 2019

The initial interaction of water with semiconductors determines the
electronic structure of the solid–liquid interface. The exact nature of
this interaction is, however, often unknown. Here, we study gallium
phosphide-based surfaces exposed to H_22O
by means of in situ reflection anisotropy spectroscopy.
We show that the introduction of typical imperfections in the form of
surface steps or trace contaminants not only changes the dynamics of the
interaction, but also its qualitative nature. This emphasises the
challenges for the comparability of experiments with (idealised)
electronic structure models for electrochemistry.
Lansoprazole in treatment of duodenal ulcer desease
Authors: Skvortsov V. V. , Fateeva O. V. , Skvortsova E. M.
Published: May 2019

The duodenum ulcer disease (DUD) has high specific weight among digestive tract pathologies, influencing working capacity and quality of life of patients. Now the tendency of increase in mortality and complications of DUD against the background of decrease in incidence is characteristic of Russia.

For the purpose of identification of the patients infected with H. pylori and also purposes of the most effective H. pylori therapy by him are accepted the recommendations developed by the V Maastricht consensus (Management of Helicobacter pylori infection – the Maastricht V/Florence Consensuns report).

Besides H. pylori therapy to patients the medicines promoting maintenance intragastric рН > 3 not less than 18–20 hours a day are also appointed. Such effect PPI, antacids and H2-receptor antagonists have. PPI are characterized by more expressed antisecretory action and do not cause a tachyphylaxis, than favourably differ from histamine H2-receptor antagonists.

Lancid (lansoprazole) – medicine from the PPI group. It is shown to application for treatment of DUD and for an eradication of H. pylori at the infected patients with erosive and ulcer damages of a stomach and duodenum (as a part of complex therapy). Lansoprazole as a part of Lancid promotes faster healing of ulcer defects and decrease in clinically expressed symptomatology in comparison with omeprazole and pantoprazole.
New European guidelines for the management of patients with precancerous changes in the stomach
Authors: Tsukanov V. V. , Vasyutin A. V. , Tonkih J. L. , Peretyatko O. V.
Published: May 2019

Aim of the review: to analyze the current aspects of the management of patients with precancerous changes in the stomach, as outlined in the new MAPS II European recommendations.

Basic provisions. For qualified diagnosis of precancerous changes in the stomach it is necessary to use modern endoscopic and morphological methods. Timely detection of atrophy, metaplasia and dysplasia significantly increases the effectiveness of gastric cancer prevention. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is an important principle in the management of patients with precancerous changes in the stomach.

Conclusion. According to European recommendations, timely diagnosis, adequate treatment and follow-up of patients with precancerous gastric changes play an important role in the prevention of stomach cancer. The application of such principles in daily clinical practice will allow standardization of the approach to the management of patients with pre-tumor pathology.
Selection of PPI in a comorbid patient with NSAIDgastroesophagopathy: case study
Authors: Pakhomova I. G.
Published: May 2019

Over the past decades, there have been significant changes in the structure of adult morbidity. Clinicians are increasingly faced with the problems of combined pathology and development of comorbidity, as well as to solve the issues of rational tactics of management of such patients. Polypragmasia due to comorbidity leads to a sharp increase in the probability of developing systemic and undesirable effects of drugs, while prolonged use of several drugs can lead to the development of complications that develop into independent nosological forms, which is especially important in older age groups. The most common forms of comorbidity in the elderly are in one or another combination of the following diseases: hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, diseases of the musculoskeletal system. It is known that the leading place in the relief of pain in the latter is occupied by non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the use of which can be prolonged and induce the development of serious gastrotoxic reactions. Well studied and described NSAIDs-induced gastropathy, which, in most cases, is asymptomatic even in the presence of erosive and ulcerative changes. However, NSAIDs may be associated with the emergence of various dyspeptic complaints and lesions of the esophagus, which can be viewed in the framework of NSAID-associated esophageal, especially relevant in older patients. The article deals with the problem of comorbidity, polypragmasia, therapeutic tactics in the management of comorbid patients with NSAIDsesophagogastropathy and the possibility of prescribing for the prevention and treatment of not only effective, but also safe means of correction of these clinical and endoscopic manifestations.
Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Lights and Shadows of Platelet Function Tests to Guide the Best Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Cimmino Giovanni , Gallinoro Emanuele , Di Serafino Luigi , De Luca Nicola , Cirillo Plinio
Published: May 2019

The key role of platelets in pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) has been
well recognized. Platelet activation and aggregation, together with tissue factor-pathway activation, lead
to acute thrombus formation in the coronary vessels at sites of plaque rupture. Thus, antiplatelet therapy
with drugs able to interfere with platelet activation/aggregation represents a cornerstone of ACS treatment
in intensive care units and catheterisation labs. Several observational studies have described that
residual high platelet reactivity, despite antiplatelet therapy, is associated with increased risk of nonfatal
Myocardial Infarction (MI), definite/probable stent thrombosis and cardiovascular mortality. Thus, assessment
of platelet function with reliable and reproducible platelet function tests might be crucial to
identify patients at high risk of thrombosis or not responding to ongoing antiplatelet strategies. However,
despite this promising background, some randomized clinical trials have failed to demonstrate
improvement in outcomes when using platelet function tests for clinical decision-making. This review,
after describing platelet biology and pathophysiology of ACS, briefly considers the drugs currently approved
for use in patients with ACS or treated by the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Finally,
we provide an updated overview of the current methods to evaluate platelet reactivity in the clinical
setting of ACS illustrating their potential advantages/limitations in current clinical practice.
Three Dimensional Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship and Pharmacophore Modeling of Tacrine Derivatives as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Treatment
Authors: Ansari Fatemeh , Ghasemi Jahan B. , Niazi Ali
Published: May 2019

Background:

Three dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship and pharmacophore
modeling are studied for tacrine derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Methods:

The three dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship and pharmacophore
methods were used to model the 68 derivatives of tacrine as human acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
The effect of the docked conformer of each molecule in the enzyme cavity was investigated on the
predictive ability and statistical quality of the produced models.

Results:

The whole data set was divided into two training and test sets using hierarchical clustering
method. 3D-QSAR model, based on the comparative molecular field analysis has good statistical
parameters as indicated by q2 =0.613, r2 =0.876, and r2pred =0.75. In the case of comparative
molecular similarity index analysis, q2, r2 and r2pred values were 0.807, 0.96, and 0.865 respectively.
The statistical parameters of the models proved that the inhibition data are well fitted and
they have satisfactory predictive abilities.

Conclusion :

The results from this study illustrate the reliability of using techniques in exploring
the likely bonded conformations of the ligands in the active site of the protein target and improve
the understanding over the structural and chemical features of AChE.
Test results of the resonant single-wire power transmission system for induction heating of the switch rail
Authors: Ermolenko D. V. , Yuferev L. Yu. , Roshchin O. A.
Published: May 2019

The article provides results of tests of a resonant single-wire power transmission system for induction heating of a switch rail in the organization of train traffic in difficult winter climatic conditions.Laboratory tests have shown the possibility and feasibility of applying heating by an induction method based on a resonant system for transmitting electricity at an increased frequency. Induction heating occurs in the metal due to the excitation of electric currents by an alternating electromagnetic field. With induction heating, only the conductive body is heated, and not the heating element. In the surface layer, called the penetration depth, 86 % of the total power is released, which saves energy. At resonance, active and reactive energy is used.In the experiment a resonant single-wire system for transmitting electrical energy was used to power the induction heaters of the switch rail. Electrical and thermal parameters of the induction heating system were measured. Its advantages over the rail heating system with tubular electric heating elements (TEH) are considered. Developed equipment operates according to the principle of “direct heating”, which allows to increase the heating rate or reduce electricity consumption at the same heating rate as compared to TEH. It is possible to use one power converter for several swi tches. Due to its higher heating temperature combined with relatively low power consumption, it is suitable for use in the northern regions. Developed equipment is connected to AC network with a voltage of 380 V and 50 Hz, operating frequency range is 6–10 kHz, power consumption for heating a single object is 6–20 kW, and the voltage on the transmission line is less than 1 kV.
STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF MICROWAVE RADIATION ON THE THERMOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REVERSED POLYMER COMPOSITION MATERIALS REINFORCED BY CARBON FIBERS
Authors: Bekrenev N. V. , Zlobina I. V.
Published: May 2019

Objectives. The aim of the research is to study the influence of the microwave electromagnetic field on the thermophysical characteristics of PCM reinforced with carbon fibers as one of the factors indicating a certain restructuring of the material, leading to a change in its operational properties.

Method. The use of modifying hardening effects that do not lead to excessive destructuring heating of materials.

Result. Based on the analysis of scientific and technical literature and trends in the development of technical transport and energy systems, a steady increase in the cons umption of fibrous polymeric composite materials (PCM) in their structures has been revealed. The prospects of applying the effects of microwave radiation (microwave electromagnetic field) on the formation of the required properties of products from PCM and the feasibility of studying the mechanisms of interaction of microwave radiation with the structure of solidified PCM are shown. Experimental studies of the thermophysical interaction of PCM reinforced with carbon fibers with a microwave electromagnetic field with a frequency of 2450 MHz were performed.

Conclusion. The fact of more intensive heating of samples of greater thickness and their greater shielding capacity was established. In the study of the thermophysical parameters of PCM subjected to preliminary processing in the microwave electromagnetic field by the modified Parker method, an increase in certain exposure modes of the thermal and thermal conductivities by 20% was observed, which indicates an increase in adhesive bonds in the interfacial zones and an increase in the structure density. This fact can be used in the development of technologies for modifying products from PCM, designed to work in conditions of elevated temperature gradients, which will reduce the magnitude of thermal stresses.

Acknowledgment. The research was supported by RFBR grant No. 17-03-00720 «Methodology of optimising microconstruction of composite materials for complex shape objects with increased dynamic strength, formed layer-by-layer by electrotechnological methods».
STUDY OF THE TOPOLOGY OF THE VIVALDI ANTENNA WITH A MIRROR ARRANGEMENT OF THE PETALS
Authors: Aslanov T. G. , Ibragimov S. A.
Published: May 2019

Objectives. In work questions of a research of topology of the antenna of Vivaldi with a mirror arrangement of petals are considered.

Method. By modeling in the program CST MicroWave Studio environment collecting necessary data, in particular dependence of width of the directional pattern on curvature and a distance from the middle of the top part of the antenna to the petal antenna petals is carried out.

Result. Graphic dependences of curvature of petals and size of a distance from the middle of the top part of the antenna to the petal on directional pattern width in two planes for various frequencies are constructed. Approximation of the received dependences for two planes θ = 900 (the antenna plane) and φ = 00 is carried out (the plane perpendicular the antenna planes). The equations of the approximating curves for various frequencies are received. The analysis of change of curve dependences of curvature of petals and width of a distance from the middle of the top part of the antenna to the petal from directional pattern width upon transition from one frequency is carried out to another. The dependence of the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna on teflon thickness is investigated. The dependence of a strip of working frequencies on the sizes of the antenna is investigated.

Conclusion. Dependences of topology of the antenna on directional pattern width on the range of frequencies of the antenna are revealed. Problems of construction and optimization of model of the set characteristics are solved. The mathematical model allowing depending on the set frequency and width of the directional pattern is received to receive necessary topology of petals of the antenna.
The Effect of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion on Small Enterprises Performance in East Kalimantan
Authors: Sanistasya Poppy Alvianolita , Raharjo Kusdi , Iqbal Mohammad
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to find out the effect of financial literacy on enterprises (SEs) performance and the effect of financial inclusion on small enterprises (SEs) performance. This research is an explanatory research. The sample includes 100 SEs in East Kalimantan. The sample is gathered by using non probability sampling technique. By implementing census approach the data is gathered from all SEs in East Kalimantan. This study was a quantitative approach and data were analyzed using PLS (Partial Least Square). The unit of level analysis is the SEs business players in East Kalimantan. The results showed a positive and significant effect of financial literacy on enterprises (SEs) performance and, financial inclusion positively affects the performance of small enterprises (SEs). Keywords: financial literacy, financial inclusion, small enterprises performancePengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Kecil di Kalimantan TimurAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap kinerja usaha kecil, dan pengaruh inklusi keuangan terhadap kinerja usaha kecil. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian explanatory. Sampel penelitian adalah 100 UMKM yang ada di Kalimantan Timur. Sampel dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan pendekatan sensus yaitu mengambi seluruh UMKM yang beroperasi di Kalimantan Timur untuk dijadikan sampel dan dilakukan pengujian untuk menjawab isu penelitian yang diangkat. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dan menggunakan alat analisis PLS (Partial Least Square). Level unit analisis penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha kecil di Kalimantan Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha kecil dan inklusi keuangan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha kecil. Kata kunci: literasi keuangan, inklusi keuangan, kinerja usaha kecil
Book Review: A Theory of Moral Education
Authors: Cam Philip
Published: May 2019

In A Theory of Moral Education, Michael Hand homes in on a central problem of moral education and offers us a solution. Briefly put, the problem is this: There is often widespread disagreement about moral matters, even among those who have thought long and hard about them. So how is moral education possible without resorting to indoctrination? We are all aware of familiar strategies to avoid this problem, such as introducing various moral systems and conflicting beliefs without taking a stand on them, encouraging students to reach their own conclusions about moral matters, or even keeping well clear of the whole subject in the first place. Unfortunately, these options are not available to anyone who sees the need for moral education and takes it that bringing about rational assent to moral standards is among its aims. Given this starting point, the fact of reasonable disagreement makes it difficult to see how to avoid the problem of indoctrination.  Hand’s solution is to argue that, while disagreement about moral matters is a salient feature of social life, there is a significant core of moral values about which there is actually little contention, and for which an adequate justification is within reach. Among them are “prohibitions on killing and causing harm, stealing and extorting, lying and cheating, and requirements to treat others fairly, keep one’s promises and help those in need” (p. 78). With well-known caveats, there is at least general assent to these prescriptions, but their rational justification is more problematic. The history of ethical theory is littered with arguments as to why such things are wrong, but the arguments are contentious—and that looks to compound the problem. Nevertheless, Hand believes that there is at least one sound argument that can be used to justify our core moral standards.
Influence of Personality and Differences in Stress Processing Among Finnish Students on Interest to Use a Mobile Stress Management App: Survey Study
Authors: Ervasti Mari , Kallio Johanna , Määttänen Ilmari , Mäntyjärvi Jani , Jokela Markus
Published: May 2019

Background

Excessive stress has a negative impact on many aspects of life for both individuals and societies, from studying and working to health and well-being. Each individual has their unique level of stress-proneness, and positive or negative outcomes of stress may be affected by it. Technology-aided interventions have potential efficacy in the self-management of stress. However, current Web-based or mobile stress management solutions may not reach the individuals that would need them the most, that is, stress-sensitive people.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine how personality is associated with stress among Finnish university students and their interest to use apps that help in managing stress.

Methods

We used 2 structured online questionnaires (combined, n=1001) that were advertised in the University of Helsinki’s mailing lists. The first questionnaire (n=635) was used to investigate intercorrelations between the Big Five personality variables (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and other stress-related background variables. The second questionnaire (n=366) was used to study intercorrelations between the above-mentioned study variables and interest in using stress management apps.

Results

The quantitative findings of the first questionnaire showed that higher levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with lower self-reported stress. Neuroticism, in turn, was found to be strongly associated with rumination, anxiety, and depression. The findings of the second questionnaire indicated that individuals characterized by the Big Five personality traits of neuroticism and agreeableness were particularly interested to use stress management apps (r=.27, P<.001 and r=.11, P=.032, respectively). Moreover, the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that when a person’s neuroticism is one SD above average (ie, it is higher than among 84% of people), the person has roughly 2 times higher odds of being interested in using a stress management app. Respectively, when a person’s agreeableness is one SD above average, the person has almost 1.4 times higher odds of being interested in using a stress management app.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that personality traits may have an influence on the adoption interest of stress management apps. Individuals with high neuroticism are, according to our results, adaptive in the sense that they are interested in using stress management apps that may benefit them. On the contrary, low agreeableness may lead to lower interest to use the mobile stress management apps. The practical implication is that future mobile stress interventions should meaningfully be adjusted to improve user engagement and support health even among less-motivated users, for instance, to successfully engage individuals with low agreeableness.