bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Population of Interstellar Objects Detectable with the LSST and Accessible for In Situ Rendezvous with Various Mission Designs
Authors: Hoover Devin J. , Seligman Darryl Z. , Payne Matthew J.
Published: March 2022

The recently discovered population of interstellar objects presents us with the opportunity to characterize material from extrasolar planetary and stellar systems up close. The forthcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will provide an unprecedented increase in sensitivity to these objects compared to the capabilities of currently operational observational facilities. We generate a synthetic population of ‘Oumuamua-like objects drawn from their galactic kinematics and identify the distribution of impact parameters, eccentricities, hyperbolic velocities, and sky locations of objects detectable with the LSST, assuming no cometary activity. This population is characterized by a clustering of trajectories in the direction of the solar apex and antiapex, centered at orbital inclinations of ∼90°. We identify the ecliptic or solar apex as the optimal sky location to search for future interstellar objects as a function of survey limiting magnitude. Moreover, we identify the trajectories of detectable objects that will be reachable for in situ rendezvous with a dedicated mission with the capabilities of the forthcoming Comet Interceptor or proposed Bridge concept. By scaling our fractional population statistics with the inferred spatial number density, we estimate that the LSST will detect of order ∼15 interstellar objects over the course of its ∼10 yr observational campaign. Furthermore, we find that there should be ∼1–3 and ∼0.0007–0.001 reachable targets for missions with propulsion capabilities comparable to Bridge and Comet Interceptor, respectively. These numbers are lower limits and will be readily updateable when the number density and size–frequency distribution of interstellar objects are better constrained.
Femtosecond Small Incision Lenticular Extraction in comparison to Femtosecond Laser In situ Keratomileusis Regarding Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Mohammad Najah Kadhum , Rattan Suzan , Al Wassiti Ahmed Shaker Ali , Al-Attar Zaid
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: Comparison of femtosecond small incision lenticule extraction (FS-SMILE) versus Femtosecond laser Insitu keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) regarding dry eye disease (DED) and corneal sensitivity (CS) after those refractive surgeries.
Methods: A comparative prospective study conducted for a period of 2 years; from March 2017 until February, 2019. Enrolled patients were diagnosed with myopia. Fifty patients (100 eyes) were scheduled for bilateral FS-SMILE and the other 50 patients (100 eyes) had been scheduled for bilateral FS-LASIK. Both groups were followed for six months after surgery. The age, gender, and preoperative refraction for both groups were matched. Complete evaluation of dry eye disease had been performed for the intervals of one week pre-operatively, one and six months postoperatively. The evaluation included history of symptoms according to scoring systems, investigations and clinical examination.
Results: One month postoperatively and in both groups, there was significant DED (P < .01), although the incidence was lower in femtosecond SMILE group, overall severity score (0-4): 0.3 ± 0.3 (FS-SMILE) vs. 1.4 ± 0.9 (LASIK). One month postoperatively, CS was lower in FS- LASIK more than FS-SMILE eyes (2.3 ± 2.2 vs 3.6 ± 1.8, respectively, P < .01) and then return to not statistically significant sensitivities at six-month duration. DED was negatively correlated with CS (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The FS-LASIK surgery had a more pronounced effect on the CS and DED compared with FS-SMILE, with higher incidence of DED postrefractive surgery.
Glycemic Abnormalities Assessment on Children and Adolescents with Beta-Thalassemia Major
Authors: Lubis Siska Mayasari , Lubis Bidasari , Ralena Nadhira Anindita
Published: March 2022

Background
Iron overloading in beta-thalassemia major individuals can cause organ damage. Iron excess can cause endocrine problems, including diabetes. Diabetes mellitus in patients with beta-thalassemia major represents a major concern, especially in children and adolescents.
Aim
To assess glycemic abnormalities in children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia major.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included beta-thalassemia major subjects with no previous diabetes mellitus history and routinely obtained blood transfusion. Laboratory investigations on the fasting insulin and blood glucose levels, 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and serum ferritin levels were conducted. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated for assessing insulin resistance. Statistically, a significant correlation was obtained if the p-value was <0.05.
Results
This research consisted of 56 beta-thalassemia major children. The mean age of the subjects was 9.46 (2-18) years old. At diagnosis, the mean age was 40 (3-180) months old. We found a significant correlation between serum ferritin and ages, body weight, height, diagnosis age, and blood volume per transfusion of the included subjects. Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between serum ferritin with glycemic parameters, including fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, fasting insulin levels, and HOMA-IR found with a p-value >0.05.
Conclusions
A significant correlation was identified between age at diagnosis and volume of blood per transfusion with serum ferritin levels. However, there was no significant correlation between serum ferritin levels with glycemic status.
Resectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cancer and the Role of Early Feeding on Clinical Outcome
Authors: Ida Bagus Budhi
Published: March 2022

Background: Gastric adenocarsinoma is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract cancer, it could be found either in elderly or young patients.  Surgical resection is still the main therapeutic option  and  the gold standard for the resectable cases.  Enhanced recovery protocols has been announced  to improved the clinical outcome in of gastrointestinal cancer surgery. Especially in upper GI cancer, which still challenging in starting the oral feeding after surgical resection. We will reported the clincal outcome of early feeding on resectable gastric adenocarsinoma patients.

 

Methods: This was a retrospective study, taken from January 2018 - December 2020.  All resectable gastric adenocarsinoma  patients were included.  Tumor locations, type of resection and reconstruction were evaluated.  All patients had early oral feeding from the first post operative day, continued with liquid and semi solid food.  The short term outcome were recorded including the anastomose leakage and surgical site infection.  

 

Results: We reported eight gastric cancer patients during this study, 1 patient was young gastric cancer patiens and the rest were > 50 years old patients.  Gastric anthrum was the most common tumor site with partial gatrectomy and Billroth II  have been done.  3 patients were corpus site and 1 case of fundus cancer,  total gastrectomy and roux en y esófago-jejunostomy reconstruction was done. 

We found   no anastomosis leakage.  No SSI and no readmission associated with post operative morbidity. 

 

Conclusion:  Early feeding on resectable gastric adenocarsinoma patients was feasibel, has good clinical outcomes and could tolerated well, no matter what type of gastric resection we did.
A Review of the four Genera of Tetrigidae (Caelifera, Orthoptera) with four new records from Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Sanam Saiqa , Sultana Riffat , Sanam Surriya , Bhanger Naila , Akhtar Ambreen , Soomro Sadaf
Published: March 2022

Twelve species of the family Tetrigidae were reviewed and four species, namely Hedotettix angustatus Hancock 1909, Euparatettix indicus (Bolivar 1887), Paratettix cingalensis (Walker 1871) and P. asbenensis Chopard 1950 are recorded as new country and state records. An attempt has been made to reveal the taxonomic status of Tetrigidae in Sindh by identification based on morphological characters, photographs, line drawings and measurements of different parameters to produce a taxonomic key to the species of Sindh.
Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts
Authors: Nethupul Hasitha , Stöhr Sabine , Zhang Haibin
Published: March 2022

Ophiuroids were collected by the manned submersible ‘Shenhaiyongshi’ from the deep-sea seamounts in the South China Sea and Northwest Pacific regions at 602–1920 m depth, during 2018 to 2020. A total of nine species was identified, including two new species and seven new records from the South China Sea and one new record from the Northwest Pacific region. Two new species are described as Asteroschema shenhaiyongshiisp. nov. and Asteroschema domogranulatumsp. nov. The seven new records included five species from the genus Asteroschema, and one species each from the genera Asterostegus and Astrodendrum. Comprehensive descriptions of morphological features are provided, including characteristics of the arm skeleton, as well as a phylogenetic analysis based on 16S and COI sequences. Intraspecific genetic distance ranges of Euryalida species from the present study were 0.34% to 1.38%, which was relatively low compared to other orders in the class Ophiuroidea. The present study suggests a high probability that species of the order Euryalida are more widely spread around the Indo-Pacific region than previously expected.
The American Health Care System at a Crossroads: An Overview of the American Organization of Nurse Executives Monograph
Authors: Reid Ponte Patricia
Published: March 2022

The current nursing shortage is expected to worsen in the coming decades as the average age of working RNs rises and more RNs reach retirement age. The American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE) has published a monograph, Perspectives on the Nursing Shortage: A Blueprint for Action, which discusses factors contributing to the current shortage and outlines steps that must be taken to ensure a nursing workforce to meet future demand. In this article, the author summarizes key elements of the AONE monograph, including the factors that contributed to the writing of this monograph, recommendations for resolving the current and impending nursing shortfall, and actions that practicing nurses can take to help ensure a robust workforce for the future.
Safe Handling of Hazardous Drugs
Authors: Polovich Martha
Published: March 2022

Recommendations for the safe handling of hazardous drugs have been available for more than twenty years. Evidence for continued risk of occupational exposure is abundant; however, nurses' use of the recommended precautions is not universal. This may be related to a lack of information or to a lack of serious concern for the potential hazards. This article includes a discussion of current issues related to handling hazardous drugs in the workplace and a review of the history of safe handling guidelines, current recommendations, and barriers to implementing guidelines in health care settings.
Soluble Fas ligand, soluble Fas receptor, and decoy receptor 3 as disease biomarkers for clinical applications: A review
Authors: Muraki Michiro
Published: March 2022

Soluble Fas ligand (sFasL, sCD95L) and its specific soluble binders, soluble Fas receptor (sFas, sCD95) and decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), have been investigated as possible clinical biomarkers in many serious diseases. The present review aimed to provide an overview of the current state of this medically promising research by extensively examining the relevant literature. The summarized results of the survey are presented after classification into six categories according to the type of targeted disease. To date, the studies have been mainly devoted to the diagnosis of disease severity states and prognosis of treatments about various types of cancers and autoimmune diseases represented by autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus, because these important life-threatening or intractable diseases were suggested to be most relevant to the impairment of apoptotic cell death-inducing systems, including the Fas receptor-mediated signaling system, and the mechanisms responsible for their onset. However, various more general inflammation-related diseases, including, but not limited to, other autoimmune and allergic diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis and atopic asthma), infectious diseases (e.g., sepsis and chronic hepatitis), cardiovascular system-specific disorders (e.g., acute coronary syndromes and heart failure) as well as other diseases specific to the renal, hepatic, and respiratory systems, etc., have also been targeted as important fields of research. The data obtained so far demonstrated that sFas, sFasL, and DcR3 possess significant potential in the assessment of various disease states, which can contribute to the development of therapeutic interventions. Although further studies in various relevant fields are essential, it is expected that clinical translation of sFas, sFasL, and DcR3 into practical biomarkers will contribute to effective treatments of a wide variety of diseases.
Effect of tunisian pomegranate peel extract on the oxidative stability of corn oil under heating conditions
Authors: Mnari Bhouri A. , Ghnimi H. , Amri Z. , Koubaa N. , Hammami M.
Published: March 2022

The effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on the oxidative stability of corn oil during heating was studied. Oxidation was followed by determining peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AV), free fatty acid value (FFA), conjugated dienes (CD), conjugated trienes hydroperoxides (CT) and the calculated total oxidation value (TOTOX). Polyphenol (TPC) and ortho-diphenol (TOPC) contents as well as the antioxidant activity of each oil sample were evaluated before and after heating. PPE showed a significant inhibitory effect on lipid oxidation. Heating samples for 8 hours supplemented by PPE to a level of 1000 ppm resulted in the highest significant decreases in investigated indices compared to the control and BHT values. It was concluded that the antioxidant activity of PPE delayed oxidation and can be used in the food industry to prevent and reduce lipid deterioration in oil.
Assistência obstétrica em maternidade pública: análise comparativa de duas coortes/ Obstetric care in public maternity hospitals: comparative analysis of two cohort studies
Authors: Moreira Oliveira Pereira Jéssica Taynara , Dos Santos Silva Canario Márcia Aparecida , Valongo Zani Adriana , Campaner Ferrari Bernardy Catia , Maciel Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida , Pimenta Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: comparar a assistência ao trabalho de parto e nascimento em duas coortes de uma maternidade pública segundo as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Método: estudo quantitativo transversal aninhado a duas coortes, 2013 e 2017. Coleta de dados em prontuários e entrevistas com puérperas. Análise estatística, aplicou-se o teste de associação do Qui-quadrado, nível de significância de 5% e, para verificar possíveis associações (p≤0,05) e nos resultados com p<0,020, realizou-se regressão logística. Resultados: 662 mulheres participaram do estudo, sendo 432 em 2013 e 230 em 2017. Apenas 15,2% das mulheres haviam realizado visita à maternidade antes do parto e, em 2017, passou para 27% (OR=2,041 IC95% 1,379-3,020). A preferência para o parto normal aumentou em 1,6%, sendo, em 2013, 78,8% e, em 2017, 80,4%. A oferta do banho relaxante aumentou 0,5% em 2017 (63%), dessas parturientes, 66,2% evoluíram para parto normal. O uso de ocitocina para indução do trabalho de parto diminuiu 2,9% (2017). A presença do acompanhante aumentou em 2017 (91,8%) (OddsRatio= 1,861 IC95% 1,083-3,197) (p=0,014). Conclusão: em 2017, observou-se que as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde foram mais utilizadas em comparação ao ano de 2013. Apesar disso, ainda não atenderam à totalidade das práticas amplamente recomendadas.
Enfermeiros no atendimento de urgência em presídios: explorando razões do chamado e local da assistência/Nurses in urgent care in prisons: exploring reasons for the call and place of assistance
Authors: Tahaynara Barros Lea Nahadja , Soares de Morais Freitas Cláudia Helena , Cavalcanti Costa Gabriela Maria
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: analisar as percepções dos enfermeiros do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) em atendimentos realizados em penitenciárias perante as razões das demandas e o local da assistência. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Realizaram-se entrevistas nos meses de agosto a dezembro de 2017, individuais e audiogravadas, seguindo roteiro semiestruturado com 91 enfermeiros que atuavam no SAMU de cidades do estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Aplicou-se o referencial metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin para categorização dos dados obtidos. Resultados: das análises das falas dos participantes emergiu a presença de dificuldades como demandas não pertinentes ao serviço, local inadequado para assistência, falta de privacidade durante os atendimentos e de escolta para transporte quando necessário. Considerações finais: os problemas relatados evidenciam a necessidade do estabelecimento de estratégias para melhorar as condições da assistência potencializando a capacidade de resolutividade do serviço e para problemas que não podem ser resolvidos em uma única visita de profissionais do SAMU no ambiente prisional, que seja garantido a continuidade da assistência em outros serviços articulados a ele e para isso são necessários fortes laços intersetoriais.
Construção de fluxograma e protocolo de enfermagem para manejo da sífilis na atenção primária em saúde/Construction of a nursing flowchart and protocol for syphilis management in primary health care
Authors: Barimacker Saionara Vitória , Antunes de Azambuja Zocche Denise , Argenta Zanatta Elisangela , Dias Rodrigues Júnior Jaime , Korb Arnildo
Published: March 2022

Introdução: a sífilis é uma doença facilmente tratável, porém, no Brasil, ainda é um problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: construir um fluxograma e um protocolo para manejo da sífilis em adultos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, desenvolvida em 2019, realizada com 42 enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município no oeste catarinense. Para a etapa quantitativa aplicou-se um questionário autoaplicado, embasado nos protocolos vigentes do Ministério da Saúde. A etapa qualitativa ocorreu por meio de uma pesquisa participativa do tipo pesquisa-ação com oito dos 42 enfermeiros. Estes, em dois grupos focais, produziram coletivamente um fluxograma e um protocolo de manejo da sífilis em adultos e, posteriormente, após análise do material construído, validaram os documentos, por meio de análise de conteúdo, resultando em 100% de concordância. Resultados: os produtos construídos representam a descrição das melhores práticas profissionais a serem seguidas. O fluxograma apresenta as etapas no manejo, e o protocolo descreve as atividades que envolvem o atendimento relacionado à doença nos adultos atendidos na Atenção Primária à Saúde do município. Considerações finais: a construção do fluxograma e do protocolo atenderam as necessidades dos profissionais da saúde, na qualificação do atendimento às pessoas com sífilis no município.
A CLÍNICA PSICOLÓGICA COMO UM ESPAÇO DE DESVELAMENTO DAS DESIGUALDADES SOCIAIS
Authors: Vieira Érico Douglas , Romagnoli Roberta Carvalho
Published: March 2022

Este estudo pretende colocar a clínica psicológica como um espaço de desvelamento das desigualdades sociais a partir da escuta de sujeitos excluídos através de plantões psicológicos. Percebe-se uma lacuna na literatura especializada em psicologia clínica que, geralmente, não vincula processos clínicos e processos psicossociais, mantendo um discurso hegemônico que pouco articula o psicológico, o social e o político. A Teoria Fundamentada nos dados, metodologia de natureza qualitativa, foi adotada nesse estudo. Através da análise qualitativa de diários de campos produzidos a partir de atendimentos do tipo plantão psicológico, foram geradas categorias que apontam para a fragilidade dos laços familiares e comunitários, os sofrimentos de ser tratado como inferior e a necessidade de ampliações de práticas clínicas com pessoas excluídas. As precariedades materiais e simbólicas vividas pelos sujeitos excluídos são reproduzidas nas suas redes relacionais e comunitárias como violências, opressões e vínculos fragilizados. A inclusão no lugar da inadequação e da inferioridade excluem os sujeitos da possibilidade de se perceberem como dignos e capazes de contribuir com a sociedade, gerando um apagamento de si mesmo. Houve a necessidade de uma prática clínica ampliada que levasse em consideração as vivências específicas de pessoas excluídas e que pudesse produzir novos encontros e novos afetos como contraponto às desqualificações cotidianamente recebidas. Na escuta de sujeitos de classes populares a equipe buscou sustentar a complexidade presente nos sofrimentos, focalizando não só suas questões subjetivas, mas também a produção social e histórica de suas vulnerabilidades.
A DOCÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA PRÁTICA PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Sardi Rafaela Garcia , Carvalho Paulo Roberto de
Published: March 2022

O estudo ora proposto tem por objetivo compreender as transformações provocadas pelo advento da Educação a Distância (EaD) no contexto educacional brasileiro, particularmente nas práticas da docência. Para isso, o referencial histórico-teórico descreve o surgimento da modalidade da EaD em cinco diferentes fases até a atualidade, bem como uma caracterização conceitual dessa prática educacional. Metodologicamente, optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com três sujeitos, professores que atuaram no ensino presencial e a distância. A análise dos dados foi realizada sobre os depoimentos do histórico profissional dos docentes, comparando as práticas do ensino presencial e o não presencial, e evidenciando as problemáticas, os limites e as perspectivas da EaD. Como conclusão parcial, foi assinalado o risco de uma formação superior na modalidade da EaD perder características fundamentais dessa etapa educacional: acompanhamento rigoroso e sistemático do estudante, diversidade de perspectivas no conteúdo ministrado, pensamento crítico e dialogado sobre as condições da vida em sociedade.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DO PROJETO ADOTIVO EM UMA VIA DE MÃO DUPLA
Authors: Campanha-Araujo Ivy Campista , Nascimento Célia Regina Rangel
Published: March 2022

A constituição de uma família por meio da adoção legal não se dá de modo repentino, mas é fruto de uma delicada construção de projetos, sonhos e expectativas, que ocorrem tanto por parte dos postulantes à adoção, quanto da criança e/ou adolescente que aguarda por uma nova família. Buscou-se conhecer como ocorreu a construção do projeto adotivo, sob a perspectiva dos pais e dos filhos, para uma família composta por um casal e quatro irmãos que foram adotados juntos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas e observação com registro em diário de campo. Verificou-se que a principal motivação dos pais para adotar foi o desejo de constituir uma família e exercer a parentalidade. Constatou-se que houve abertura em relação ao perfil desejado e abertura para o encontro com a criança real. No que se refere às crianças, houve dificuldades para que expressassem como vivenciaram o projeto adotivo, o que sugere a necessidade de que haja mais ações voltadas para a preparação das crianças e adolescentes, em vias de serem adotados. Concluiu-se sobre a relevância da construção do projeto adotivo por todos os envolvidos e que é dado pouco espaço para que a criança apresente suas narrativas e faça suas elaborações sobre essa construção.
Mass Survey of the ‘GyoTong-Bu’ sanatorium (3rd Report)
Authors: Yoo Kwang Hyun , Jang Byung Ha , Oh Pil Mo , Bae Gun MoK , Kim Young Ja
Published: March 2022

Evaluating and analyzing 423 cases found by mass survey who have been admitted to this sanatorium since July 1957, the following are presented:1. 92% diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis were admitted to sanatorium.2. The highest incidence, 59 %, was found in the 30 to 40 year age group.3. 15 % of minimal , 44% of moderately advanced, 40 % of far advanced and 1 % of non-TB were classified by the extent and character of the disease.4. Of 423 cases, 161(39%) had cavitating disease.5. 182 cases (41 %) had chemotheraþy for over. 2 months prior to admission, 113(62 %) had INH-containing regimen.6. Among 246 cases of those discharged, 177 (73 %) showed maximal benefits of hospitalization, and 6(4.4 %) showed radiological reactivation during 2 years of follow-up study.7. 25 cases(6.9 %) had surgical treatment.
Medical Treatment and Clinical Observation of Lung Abscess
Authors: Kim Pyong Ki , Oh Sang Baik
Published: March 2022

40 cases of lung abscess were followed up during last 2 years. and in most of the cases antibiotic therapy and postural drainage were done. Male was about 2 times as many as femals, and 3 rd decade was most prominent among age group.Twenty four out of 40 were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis previously. In more than half of our cases no dominant causative organism was found. In 12 cases it was caused by upper respiratory infection and pneumonia, and 2 were due to amoebic infection. Localization showed mostly in right side. Total clinical improvement was 11 cases, clinical cure in 5 cases, complete cure in 8 cases, no change in 15 out of 40 entire cases. Complete cure was very few in over 6 months illness group but it became bigger as the duration of illness became shorter. The improvement has gone until 3-6 months from the time we got the patient but those cases who did not show any improvment in first or second observation month, they have been continuously no change or showed deterioration. The wider the lesion is the worse is the prognosis. Middle lobe was most effective for the treatment,and best curable in our series. Fourteen out of 40 had resectional therapy, and 3 developed post operative empyema. Bronchoscopy showed extensive purulent secretion from the affected area with or without foul smell in majority cases, and stiffness of bronchi in few cases.
Pre and post operative pulmonary function test -Part 1 Thoraenp1asty
Authors: Kim Pyoung Ki , Yoo Hwae Sung
Published: March 2022

Twenty of thoracoplasty cases were studied pre and post-operatively with spirometry and bronchos-pirometry. Total vital capacity and maximal breathing capacity have reduced in aþout same proportion.and was about 20% reduction in 5-6 rib resection. However. timed vital capacity showed only slight reduction in both 1 second and 3-second value, and no significant difference was seen according to the number of resected rib. Bronchospirometric study showed relatively small reduction in minute ventilation. oxygen consumption and vital capacity of operated side. Except one case of 7 rib resection in 3 stages who showed 30% reduction, there was 10-15% reduction in average. among which the least reðuction was seen in vital capacity.
Study on the Prevention of Postoperative Compilations for Advanced Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Kim Chong Hyun , Kim Jin Sik
Published: March 2022

The author studied the pulmonary reparation for advanced pulmonary tuberculosis in CS case and particularly the postoperative complications during the period from April 1960 to March 1962. In foreign countries, although they have good indication for it, it is reported that 10% of complications and 2% of mortality and 1/2 resemt. But in Korea, the most cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, for pulmonary resection had a long history of disease, irregular chemotherapy for long period and extensive lesions which were not good indication. The high rate of complication and death are expected. The major complications postoperatively were the bronehofistula, emphysema and spread. The causes of bracehofistula are those of the pathological changes at the brochial stump, the insufficiency of expansion and the suture material of the bronchial stump. The emphysema were caused by the direct contamination of the plural cavity during operation and secondary infection from the infected operative wound in the chest. On the other hand, as the emergent complication postoperatively, there were bleeding, oliguria, fall of blood persentre and dyspnea. Inthese case, the renal insufficiencies accompanied with oliguria, increased no protein were fatal. The author notieed that the renal insufficiencies were caused by postoperative and anesthetic shock, renal toxin due to PAS and the overloading of blood transfusion, 1. In these cases, the segmentectomy was only 6% and pneumonectomy was 33% which was higher than that of foreign countries. 2.AS postoperative complications, there were 4.4% of bronchofistula, 1.4% of emphysema, 4.4% of poor expansion and 2.9% of spread. 3. The postoperative complications were bleeding, oliguria, fall of blood pressure, respiratory insufficiency and cardiac insufficiency. Among these, twocases were died by acute renal insufficiency. 4. The postoperative critical complications were mostly seen in cases of abnormal E.C.G. and more than 3,000cc of blood transfusion. 5. To prevent the fall of blood pressure postoperatively, as the blood transfusion is used, the special attention should be paid for it.
A Single Amino Acid Residue Defines the Difference in NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation between NEK7 and NEK6
Authors: Jeltema Devon , Wang Jihong , Cai Juan , Kelley Nathan , Yang Zhe , He Yuan
Published: March 2022

The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a critical component of the innate immune system that is activated by microbial infections and cellular stress signals. The molecular mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains not fully understood. As an NLRP3-interacting partner, NEK7 has emerged as a critical mediator for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In contrast to NEK7, NEK6, the closely related member of the NEK family, does not support NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this study, we show that the mouse NEK7 catalytic domain, which shares high sequence identity with the counterpart of NEK6, mediates its interaction with NLRP3 and inflammasome activation in mouse macrophages. Within their catalytic domains, a single amino acid residue at a corresponding position (R121NEK7, Q132NEK6) differentiates their function in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Surprisingly, substitution of the glutamine residue to an arginine residue at position 132 confers NEK6 the ability of NLRP3 binding and inflammasome activation in mouse macrophages. Furthermore, our results suggest a structural pocket surrounding the residue R121 of NEK7 that is essential for NLRP3 binding and inflammasome activation.
Factors influencing quality of life in low-income women with young children in Korea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kim Yun Mi , Nho Ju-Hee
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of health-promoting behaviors (HPB), marital intimacy, and parenting stress on the quality of life (QoL) of low-income women with young children in Korea, an underserved group.Methods: This cross-sectional survey employed a descriptive correlational design. Using convenience sampling, 123 low-income women with children younger than 6 years were recruited from 14 health and community centers in a Jeonju Korea from June 2020 to May 2021. Participants completed a questionnaire on QoL, HPB, marital intimacy, and parenting stress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis.Results: Participants, who were on average 37.41±3.65 years old and had 1 to 2 children (n=98, 79.7%), reported a mid-level (3.14 out of 1–5) of QoL. Marital intimacy (β=.38, p<.001) was the most influential factor on the QoL of low-income women with young children. In descending order, HPB (β=.35, p<.001) and non-employment status (β=–.21, p=.003) had a significant influence on QoL (F=15.64, p <.001), and the overall explanatory power was 49.0%. Conclusion: Considering the mid-level QoL of low-income women with young children, programs aimed at improving the QoL of low-income women need to promote marital intimacy and maintain HPB, while considering their employment status. Strategies that include couple counseling, health care to encourage healthy lifestyles, and reemployment education are needed.
Introgression of drought tolerance root traits into Kenyan commercial chickpea	varieties using marker assisted backcrossing
Authors: Kosgei A.J. , Kimurto P.K. , Gaur P.M. , Yeboah M.A. , Offei S.K. , Danquah E.Y.
Published: March 2022

Roots play critical roles in enhancing drought tolerance, more so under terminal drought conditions. The objective of this study was to introgress drought tolerant root traits into Kenyan chickpea varieties through marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for root traits, were used to screen parents at ICRISAT in India, and 1144 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNPs) markers at Legume Genomics Centre in the United Kingdom. Crosses were made between two selected varieties, ICCV 92944 (Chania Desi II) and ICCV 00108 (LDT 068); and ICC 4958, QTL donor parent. Polymorphic SSR and SNP markers were used to select offspring with root QTL at F1, BC1F1, and BC2F1, and later advanced to BC2F3. BC2F3 families were evaluated for root traits at Egerton University in Kenya in a pot experiment under rain shelter. The BC2F3 families were significantly (P<0.05) different for root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), total plant dry weight (PDW), and root to shoot dry weight (R/S) ratio (R/S) for Chania Desi II x ICC 4958; while R/S was significantly different for LDT 068 x ICC 4958. Root length density (RLD) and RDW were positively and significantly (P<0.05) correlated with most of the traits, indicating its usefulness in the indirect selection of these traits. The utilisation of MABC is an effective and efficient method of introgressing complex root traits into commercial lines, expected to improve yields under drought. There is need for deployment of marker-assisted breeding in difficult to phenotypically select traits.
An overview of Lepidoptera-host-parasitoid associations for southern Africa, including an illustrated report on 2 370 African Lepidoptera-host and 119 parasitoid-Lepidoptera associations
Authors: Staude Hermann S. , Maclean Marion , Mecenero Silvia , Pretorius Rudolph J. , Oberprieler Rolf G. , Van Noort Simon , Sharp Allison , Sharp Ian , Balona Julio , Bradley Suncana , Brink Magriet , Morton Andrew S. , Botha Magda J. , Collins Steve C. , Grobler Quartus , Edge David A. , Williams Mark C. , Sihvonen Pasi
Published: March 2022

We present an overview of the known host associations of larval Lepidoptera for southern Africa, based on a database of 11 628 rearings, including all Caterpillar Rearing Group (CRG) records and other published records. Rearings per Lepidoptera family show some bias in the rearing effort towards the more conspicuous families, ectophagous groups and non-detritus-feeders but in general follow species diversity. Recorded Lepidoptera host associations per host family for southern Africa are shown. Data analyses revealed the following general trends: of the 20 most reared species 13 are polyphagous; Fabaceae are the most utilised plant family with 2 122 associations, followed by Asteraceae (600), Malvaceae (564) and Anacardiaceae (476); 98.8 % of hosts are vascular plants; and of the 19 most utilised host species 18 are common trees or shrubs. We discuss possible reasons behind these trends, particularly the high utilisation of Fabaceae and the widespread use of trees and shrubs as hosts. We compare recorded host species numbers with species diversity for the 19 most recorded host families and discuss possible reasons for the low utilisation of four plant families with an exceptionally low percentage of Lepidoptera host species / plant host species diversity. All Lepidoptera families for which more than 100 rearings have been recorded (21 families) utilise one (or two in the case of Pyralidae, Nolidae and Hesperiidae) plant family exponentially more than any of the other families, with resulting histograms forming hyperbolic curves, as are typical of distributions of taxonomic assemblages in nature. We calculate an exponential factor to quantify this phenomenon and show that for all 21 Lepidoptera families one host family is utilised 6–33 times more than the average use of other host families. In this paper, the larvae and adults of 953 African, mostly South African, Lepidoptera species reared by the CRG between January 2016 and June 2019 are illustrated together with pertinent host information. 119 Lepidoptera-parasitoid associations are reported, comprising seven hymenopteran families and one dipteran family. With the current data release, larval host association records are now available for 2 826 Lepidoptera species in the southern African subregion, covering about 25 % of the described fauna.
Likidite Riski Yönetiminde Vadesiz ve Vadeli Mevduatların Davranışsal Modellenmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Celal , İBİŞ Cemal
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada, Jarrow-Deventer (1998) Modeli yaklaşımı üzerinden mevduat hacimleri makro ekonomik ve finansal değişkenlerle modellenmiştir. Kalkbrener-Willing (2014) metodolojisine göre Monte Carlo simülasyon yöntemi uygulanarak gelecek beş yıllık dönem için %99 güven düzeyinde çekirdek mevduat tutarları ve davranışsal vade yapıları tahmin edilmiştir. Ocak 2012 – Aralık 2019 dönemi arasındaki aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Ampirik bulgular, mevduat hacminin Amerikan Doları Türk Lirası (USD/TRY) döviz kuru ve piyasa faiz oranı değişkenleriyle istatistiksel olarak açıklandığını ve gerçek kişi mevduatların ticari kişi mevduatlara oranla çekirdek mevduat oranlarının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Benzer şekilde, vadeli mevduatların vadesiz mevduatlara, Türk Parası (TP) mevduatların ise Yabancı Para (YP) mevduatlara oranla daha yüksek çekirdek mevduat oranına sahip olduğu bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.
Türkiye’de Hanehalkı Nakit Kullanımını Belirleyen Faktörler
Authors: ÇEVİK Saygın , DOĞRUKÖK Mehmet
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada alışverişlerdeki ödemelerde nakit kullanımında etkili olan faktörler TCMB tarafından 2020 yılında gerçekleştirilen Nakit Kullanım Alışkanlıkları Anketi verileri

kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Probit model; demografik faktörlerin, işleme ilişkin özelliklerin ve nakde ilişkin tutum ve yargıların kişilerin nakit ile ödeme yapma tercihinde belirleyici olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın ana bulgusu; demografi ve işlem özelliklerine ek olarak, nakdi diğer ödeme yöntemlerinden ayıran özelliklerden kaynaklanan tutum

ve yargıların nakit kullanma tercihinde açıklayıcı oluşudur. Sonuçlar, nakit kullandığında bütçe kontrolü sağlanacağını ve nakdin diğer ödeme yöntemlerine göre daha güvenli olduğunu düşünenlerin nakit kullanma olasılığının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir.
Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk ve Firma Riski: Borsa İstanbul’da Bir Uygulama
Authors: BORAK Metin , DOĞUKANLI Hatice
Published: March 2022

Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk (KSS) faaliyetlerinin firma riskini azaltması beklenmektedir. Çünkü KSS faaliyetlerinin özsermaye ve borç maliyetini, bilgi asimetrisini azaltırken

finansal performans ve firma itibarını artırdığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma, KSS’nin firma riski (toplam risk, sistematik risk ve sistematik olmayan risk) üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmanın örneklemi, 2009-2020 yıllar arasında Borsa İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren ve kurumsal yönetim derecelendirmesi yaptıran firmaları kapsamaktadır. Sonuç

olarak çalışmanın örneklemi 37 firma ve 339 gözlemden oluşmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, KSS’nin toplam, sistematik ve sistematik olmayan risk üzerinde istatistiksel olarak

anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığını göstermektedir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar, açıklayıcı değişkenlerin bir yıl gecikmeli değerlerinin kullanılması durumunda da değişmemektedir.
Tagging Real-World Scenarios for the Assessment of Autonomous Vehicles
Authors:   TNO, NETHERLANDS, de Gelder Erwin , Op den Camp Olaf ,   TNO, NETHERLANDS
Published: March 2022

The development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has made significant progress in the last years and it is expected that AVs will soon be introduced on our roads. An essential aspect in the development of AVs is the assessment of quality and performance aspects of the AVs, such as safety, comfort, and efficiency. Among other methods, a scenario-based approach has been proposed. With scenario-based testing, the AV is subjected to a collection of scenarios that represent real-world situations. The collection of scenarios needs to cover the variety of what an AV can encounter in real traffic. As a result, many different scenarios are considered, that are grouped into so-called scenario categories. We propose a method for defining the scenario categories using a system of tags, where each tag describes a particular characteristic of a scenario category. There is a balance between having generic scenario categories - and thus a high variety among the scenarios in the scenario category - and having specific scenario categories without much variety among the scenarios in the scenario category. For some systems, one is interested in very specific set of scenarios, while for another system one might be interested in a set of scenarios with a high variety. To accommodate this, tags are structured in trees. The different layers of the trees can be regarded as different abstraction levels. Next to presenting the method for describing scenario categories using tags, we will illustrate the method by showing applicable trees of tags using concrete examples in the Singapore traffic system. Trees of tags are shown for the vehicle under test, the dynamic environment (e.g., the other road users), the static environment (e.g., the road layout), and the environmental conditions (weather and lighting conditions). Few examples are presented to illustrate the proposed method for defining the scenario categories using tags.
Coordination of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and Chassis Systems
Authors:   ENSTA Paris, FRANCE, KISSAI Moad , Mouton Xavier ,   Renault, FRANCE, Monsuez Bruno ,   ENSTA Paris, FRANCE
Published: March 2022

Most of chassis systems and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are developed independently. Car manufacturers have even separate departments to develop the two types of systems. Even though each system category is developed for a different objective, from a global vehicle motion control perspective, these systems may influence the same physical variable. If, from the design process, no supervisory strategy is ensured for both categories, the different systems may interact and generate unwanted behaviors. These interactions can be very unpredictable and may impact the global vehicle safety. Moreover, future automated vehicles will require additional innovative systems. This will make the vehicle over-actuated. The global vehicle motion control should take into account this aspect. New requirements for the longitudinal, transverse, and vertical dynamics should be addressed. Car manufacturers tend to develop tuned rule-based strategies for a specific set of integrated systems by studying different use-cases. On one hand, we cannot foresee all the possible conflicted scenarios. On the other hand, the more numerous the systems get, the more unpredictable the interactions become. The definition of use-cases will become harder or even non-scalable. Our research aims to develop an integrated control architecture where ADAS and chassis systems are optimally coordinated. This our work is based on rather a mathematical formalization of system interactions. This enables developing a multi-layered modular control architecture that starts with a high-level robust control to specify the motion of the car, and then distribute the control on the different implemented systems upstream the low-level controllers using an optimization-based control allocation strategy. This latter strategy is made flexible and extensible so if a new system should be implemented within the same car, the control designer does not have to redesign the overall architecture of the motion control. This remains valid for both ADAS and chassis systems control, and for both trajectory and speed control. To test this, we developed high fidelity vehicle models for different vehicles in Simcenter Amesim, and we implemented the overall control architecture in Matlab, then both softwares can be co-simulated. Through several scenarios, co-simulation results showed that the vehicle performance is improved when activating several systems at the same time with an optimal coordination. More severe situations can be handled at high velocities. In addition, the different systems can be made complementary so if one system fails, another completely different system can takeover the maneuver. The global vehicle is then safer without any redundancy of the advanced expensive systems.
Growth & Instability of International Trade of Sugar in India
Authors: Pramod Gaware Utkarsha
Published: March 2022

India is the largest producer of sugar in the world. But, international trade doesn’t show such a scene. Hence, the study was undertaken on India’s international trade of sugar. The study is based on secondary data for a period of 20 years (1999-2018). To assess the periodic increase or decrease in international trade of sugar, the period was further divided into two sub-periods, and the exponential growth function was used to compute the growth trends and, further, Coppock’s Instability Index (CII) was used to know the instability in the sugar trade. The results of the growth rate showed a negative trend in sugar export and a declining trend in sugar import while the sugar production exhibited an increasing trend in the overall period as well as in all the sub- periods under investigation. International trade of sugar was observed instable during the study period.
Goat Rearing Enterprise in Osmanabad District of Maharashtra: A Cost and Profitability Measures
Authors: A.S. Bhosale,
Published: March 2022

The father of our nation, Mahatma Gandhi had given a dignified position to goats in India’s rural economy and called them as “poor man’s cow”. The present study was conducted to estimate cost and return of goat rearing enterprise in Osmanabad district of Maharashtra during year 2019-20 with using a well-structured questionnaire from 32 goat rearers. The result of revealed that per flock per annum total cost incurred was ` 118905, in which share of variable cost was 72.57 per cent followed by that of fixed cost 27.43 per cent. At overall level per flock per annum gross return was ` 169583.85. At overall level the net profit in goat rearing enterprise was ` 123229. The study revealed that benefit cost (B-C) ratio for per flock of goat was 3.66. In order to turn goat rearing into profitable enterprise in Osmanabad district, the goat rearers must be given training on credit facilities, proper marketing and reduction of the middlemen will ultimately reduce the marketing cost and better income for the rearers.