bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for detecting QRS-complex on the electrocardiogram in real-time mode
Authors: Obukhov S.A. , Stepanov V.P.
Published: June 2019

Most methods of morphological analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) are based on the search for R-wave. Knowing the position of the R-wave, it is rather simple to determine the remaining components of the QRS complex. The main problems of machine detection of the R-wave are ECG trace artifacts and high variability of cardiac complexes. The algorithm for detecting the QRS-complex consisting of two stages is proposed and implemented. At the preliminary stage, time-frequency transformations as in the Pan-Tompkins detector are used to remove noise and non-informative ECG components. The algorithm has adaptive parameters to account for the variability of R-wave. The arithmetic mean and the standard deviation of the height of the preceding R-wave and the lengths of the RR intervals are used as these parameters. At the main stage of the algorithm, adaptive parameters are used to predict the characteristics of the next R-wave. A function evaluating the difference between the current metrics of the conditional R-wave with a vertex at the given point and the expected ones is proposed. The minimum of the given function on a given interval is a criterion for the detection of the R-wave. The software implementation of the algorithm showed high sensitivity and specificity on MIT-BIH test databases. The algorithm can be used in cardiomonitors, automatic defibrillators, artificial pacemakers with feedback and other devices with real-time ECG processing
Acessibilidade em edifícios de múltiplos usos mediada pela ergonomia
Authors: Calvet Juliane , Abrahão Julia
Published: June 2019

Edifícios de múltiplos usos é um dos principais produtos do mercado imobiliário e, à medida que se multiplicam, nem sempre consideram as necessidades reais das pessoas com mobilidade reduzida - PMR. O presente estudo analisa a acessibilidade de dois edifícios visando identificar os problemas decorrentes das inadequações dos edifícios de múltiplos usos relacionados à acessibilidade à luz da NBR 9050. Para tanto, agrega conceitos de ergonomia como suporte visando avaliar se os critérios adotados desde o projeto arquitetônico asseguravam as necessidades e limitações do usuário, bem como seu conforto durante o deslocamento. O método foi composto por um conjunto de etapas com objetivos distintos: - Analisar as plantas dos edifícios e as características dos usuários PMR; - Simular graficamente na planta as possibilidades de circulação/obstrução; - Validar por meio de visita guiada, identificando as dificuldades e estratégias do usuário nos diferentes percursos. A metodologia adotada tem como pressupostos à análise da situação real e à participação do usuário no processo. Os resultados apontam barreiras em acessos importantes e mesmo quando os padrões normativos são contemplados, nem sempre o conforto é assegurado. Malgrado, a fragilidade dos dados, o estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre o papel das normativas, apontando sobretudo seus limites.
Barley varieties registered in the Slovak Republic after harvest 2018
Authors: PSOTA Vratislav , Svorad Marián , Musilová Markéta
Published: June 2019

After completing the state varietal tests, the spring barley malting varieties Chimbon, Laureate and LG Aurus, and were registered in the Slovak Republic. Extract content in dry matter in the studied varieties was high and moved in the scope of 83.1 – 83.5 %. The varieties had strong proteolytic modification (Kolbach index 49.5 – 50.7 %). Amylolytic and cytolytic modification was at the optimal level. Wort quality was optimal (apparent final attenuation 81.5 – 82.2 %). The studied varieties gave clear wort, with the exception of the variety Accordine with the weakly opalizing wort.
The relation between fatty acids’ chemical profile and chemotaxonomy of Czech barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties, geographical origin and malting process
Authors: Olšovská Jana , Vrzal Tomáš , Štěrba Karel , Čejka Pavel , Mikyška Alexandr
Published: June 2019

The dependence of FA profiles in barley and malt on variety and geographical origin using an optimized method was determined. FA profiles from 6 Czech varieties, each from 5 localities during two crop years were studied. The extraction of lipids and FA with hexane by fluidized bed extraction and a hydrolysis of lipids prior to derivatization of FA was used. The statistical processing of FA profiles led to a differentiation of samples; the importance of distinguishing parameters decreases in the order of crop year ˃ geographical origin ˃ variety. Nevertheless, the differentiation of tested varieties using FA profiles coresponds to a varietal pedigree. When the total lipid content was considered, a statistical difference between two varieties (Malz and Sunshine) and two tested localities was found. The profile of FA in barley grains is influenced by the land type and climate conditions. Due to a high level of barley varieties crossbreeding, the chemical profiling of FA is not a reliable tool for a varietal determination, however, it reflects the variety origin.
Factores determinantes del desempeño escolar de estudiantes de secundaria en Morelos, México
Authors: Osnaya-Moreno Mabel , Santoveña A. R. , Díaz-Loving Rolando , Barona R C
Published: June 2019

Se reporta un estudio empírico que consistió en la detección de algunos de los factores que influyen en eldesempeño escolar de estudiantes de secundaria en Morelos, México. Para ello se aplicó un instrumentoválido y confiable en tres versiones, cada una constituida por 200 reactivos que contemplaron las asignaturasde Español, Matemáticas, Biología, Física, Química, Historia, Geografía, Inglés y Formación Cívica y Ética. Elinstrumento se aplicó a 4919 mujeres y a 5128 hombres, interesados en continuar sus estudios en EducaciónMedia Superior. Los resultados indican un bajo rendimiento en Química e Inglés. El análisis global de losresultados de Español y Matemáticas, así como de aquellas materias de menor desempeño, se hizo medianteel árbol de decisiones bajo el método CHAID. Cada materia fue analizada según el género de los alumnos yel ingreso mensual familiar como predictores de logro escolar. El predictor de todas las áreas fue el ingresomensual familiar, después el género y en algunas asignaturas, el municipio donde habitan los sustentantes.
Crianza materna y regulación emocional en adolescentes: diferencias asociadas al sexo
Authors: Flores Galaz Mirta Margarita , Morales Manrique María Teresa , Cortés Ayala María de Lourdes , Campos Mota María José , Díaz-Loving Rolando
Published: June 2019

En el desarrollo de los individuos, la crianza parental juega un papel primordial para la promoción del desarrollo socioafectivo y emocional. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la relación entre la percepción de las prácticas maternas de crianza y la regulación emocional en adolescentes. Participaron 1322 adolescentes seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico de diferentes escuelas públicas estatales de la ciudad de Mérida, Yucatán, México. 644 son hombres y 678 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 14.64 años (DE = 1.88 años). Los resultados mostraron que en la medida que los adolescentes perciben una crianza positiva de la madre utilizan la reevaluación cognitiva como estrategia de regulación emocional. Para las adolescentes mujeres se encontraron correlaciones negativas entre la percepción de la crianza materna y la supresión emocional. También se presentan las diferencias por sexo para cada uno de los factores de las escalas. Finalmente, se discuten los hallazgos a partir de la importancia que juega la familia en el desarrollo de los individuos y para su bienestar psicológico.
Periferias en Cali: alfabetización digital con grupos sociales subalternos en medios sociales digitales
Authors: Noscué Mera Eliana
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo describe las experiencias relacionadas con la construcción de representaciones socioculturales y mediáticas en los medios sociales digitales (Facebook, Instagram, YouTube) durante el desarrollo del proceso pedagógico de alfabetización digital denominado Alto Nápoles en Red. Esta técnica metodológica cualitativa se desarrolló con una comunidad migrante involuntaria y en situación de desplazamiento forzado proveniente de las zonas rurales del suroccidente colombiano (Departamento del Cauca)  y  radicada  en  una  de  las  periferias  de  Santiago de Cali. Se  trata  de  dar  cuenta  sobre las posibilidades, las resistencias y los obstáculos históricos que han transitado estos grupos sociales subalternos  en  el  marco  del  conflicto  interno  armado  en  Colombia. El  objetivo  es  conocer sobre los usos y apropiaciones de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) digitales a partir de las diferencias culturales, las desigualdades socioeconómicas y las desconexiones mediáticas.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN V AKSIN WHOLE CELL Aeromonas hydrophilla DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP KELULUSHIDUPAN DAN TOTAL LEUKOSIT IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy)
Authors: Agustin Linnya Prima , Kusdarwati Rahayu , Mahasri Gunanti
Published: June 2019

Budidaya ikan gurami telah menyebar ke seluruh Indonesia, bahkan sentra budidaya ikan gurami tidak hanya di Jawa tetapi juga di luar Jawa. Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya ikan gurami adalah menurunnya jumlah produksi yang disebabkan oleh penyakit bakterial. Salah satu penyebab penyakit pada ikan gurami adalah bakteri A. hydrophila. Penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan wabah pada budidaya ikan air tawar dengan tingkat kematian yang tinggi berkisar 80-100% dalam kurun waktu 1-2 minggu. Pencegahan yang efektif terhadap penyakit tersebut adalah vaksinasi. Vaksinasi dapat meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh ikan terhadap suatu patogen tertentu, sehingga angka kematian dapat ditekan sekecil mungkin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan dosis vaksin whole cell A. hydrophilla terhadap kelulushidupan ikan gurami, total leukosit ikan gurami, dan dosis optimum vaksin. Metode penelitian mengunakan metode eksperimental Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan enam perlakuan serta tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah perbedaan dosis vaksin A (Kontrol -), B (Kontrol +), C (105 sel/ml), D (106 sel/ml), E (107 sel/ml), dan F (108 sel/ml). Parameter utama yang diamati adalah kelulushidupan, total leukosit dan gejala klinis. Parameter pendukung adalah kualitas air pada media pemeliharaan. Perhitungan kelulushidupan dilakukan pada akhir penelitian. Perhitungan total leukosit dilakukan pada hari ke-0, hari ke-7, hari ke-14, dan hari ke-21. Pengamatan gejala klinis dilakukan setelah uji tantang selama satu minggu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perbedaan dosis vaksin berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kelulushidupan dan total leukosit ikan. Kelulushidupan tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan D yaitu 54,17%. Total leukosit tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan D (20,43x103 sel/mm3). Perlakuan D dengan dosis vaksin 106 sel/ml memberikan hasil optimum pada kelulushidupan dan total leukosit ikan, meskipun total leukosit antara perlakuan D, E, dan F tidak berbeda nyata tetapi tingkat kelulushidupan ikan tertinggi pada perlakuan D. Gejala klinis ikan kontrol lebih nampak dibandingkan gejala klinis pada ikan yang telah divaksinasi.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK BERBEDA DALAM SISTEM AKUAPONIK TERHADAP FCR (FEED CONVERTION RATIO) DAN BIOMASSA IKAN LELE (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Sukoco Febryan Adi , Rahardja Boedi Setya , Manan Abdul
Published: June 2019

Ikan lele (Clarias sp.) merupakan komoditas perikanan yang sangat populer di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Meningkatnya produksi ikan lele berakibat pada penambahan area lahan budidaya dan penggunaan air, sehingga perlu dibutuhkan suatu teknologi dalam budidaya ikan lele dengan padat tebar tinggi yang bisa diterapkan pada lahan sempit dan minimnya sumber air dengan pola manajemen yang efektif dan efesien. Teknologi yang sudah banyak diterapkan oleh pembudidaya untuk mengatasi masalah keterbatasan lahan adalah melakukan budidaya dengan sistem akuaponik. Namun bahan organik di dasar perairan mengalami penumpukkan. Usaha untuk mempertahankan kualitas air yaitu dengan probiotik. Manfaat probiotik bagi ikan dapat melalui mekanisme fungsi protektif, yaitu kemampuan bakteri untuk menghambat bakteri patogen dalam saluran pencernaan dan terbentuknya kolonisasi probiotik dalam saluran pencernaan sehingga akan mengakibatkan kompetisi nutrisi antara probiotik dan bakteri lain, khususnya bakteri pathogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik berbeda pada sistem akuaponik terhadap FCR dan biomassa ikan lele serta mengetahui probiotik komersil terbaik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Airlangga. Menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu tanpa pemberian probiotik (P0) dan dengan penambahan probiotik berbeda yaitu probiotik A (P1), probiotik B (P2) dan Probiotik C (P3). Analisis data diolah dengan ANOVA dan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian probiotik berbeda dalam sistem akuaponik berpengaruh terhadap FCR dan biomassa ikan lele. FCR terendah (0,9908) dan biomassa tertinggi (2,510) terdapat pada perlakuan P2. FCR tertinggi (1,5150) dan biomassa terendah (1,654) terdapat pada perlakuan P0 (kontrol).
PEMIJAHAN IKAN HIAS BOTIA (Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker) SECARA BUATAN DENGAN INJEKSI HORMON HCG (HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTHROPIN) DAN LHRH-A (LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE ANALOG)
Authors: Putra Handian Febyadi Eka , Rahardjo Seto Sugianto Prabowo , Permana Asep
Published: June 2019

Ikan botia (Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker) merupakan ikan hias asli perairan Indonesia yang tepatnya berasal dari Sumatera dan Kalimantan. Ikan ini menjadi primadona dalam komoditas ikan hias karena keunikannya mulai dari bentuk tubuh, warna sampai bentuk mulutnya. Ikan botia merajai pasar ekspor dunia khususnya negara-negara Eropa. Namun hal tersebut tidak sebanding dengan ketersediaan ikan endemik ini. Saat ini, ikan botia yang diekspor masih mengandalkan tangkapan di alam. Balai Riset Budidaya Ikan Hias (BRBIH) Depok, Jawa Barat merupakan yang pertama dan satu-satunya balai yang dapat memijahkan ikan hias botia secara buatan dengan bantuan injeksi hormon HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadothropin) dan LHRH-a berupa ovaprim dan telah diproduksi secara massal. Pemijahan ikan botia dilakukan secara buatan dengan stimulasi hormon sebelum ikan distriping. Hal ini berfungsi untuk mengoptimalkan pemijahan mulai dari kualitas telur, sperma sampai perkembangan embrio sehingga meningkatkan produksi benih. Hasil yang didapat adalah rata-rata fekunditas di atas 5.000 telur, derajat pembuahan di atas 80%, derajat penetasan telur di atas 60% serta derajat kelulushidupan larva yang lebih dari 50%.
SUBSTITUSI FERMENTASI LIMBAH PADAT SURIMI IKAN SWANGGI (Priacanthus macracanthus) PADA TEPUNG IKAN TERHADAP RETENSI PROTEIN DAN RETENSI LEMAK IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Aunurrofiq Alif , Prayogo Prayogo , Arief Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Lele mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan air tawar. Prospek tersebut membuat ikan lele mendapat perhatian bagi pengusaha untuk mengelolanya. Pakan pada akuakultur berperan penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan perikanan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ikan. Tingkat pertumbuhan ikan yang baik sangat bergantung pada formula pakan yang didasarkan pada kebutuhan ikan itu sendiri. Pemenuhan pakan ikan yang memiliki kandungan gizi sempurna hanya mengandalkan bahan pakan impor yang sangat mahal, oleh karena itu untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan dan menghemat biaya pakan diperlukan tambahan bahan pakan alternatif. Limbah padat Surimi terdiri dari kepala, kulit, duri dan tulang ikan. Perlakuan secara biologis yang dikenal dengan proses fermentasi adalah memanfaatkan kemajuan bioteknologi mikroba dan cara alternatif untuk mengoptimalkan daur ulang limbah perikanan. Prinsip kerja proses fermentasi yaitu memecah senyawa kompleks menjadi senyawa sederhana yang mudah dicerna oleh mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat jenis perlakuan dengan lima ulangan pada masing-masing perlakuan. Substitusi fermentasi limbah padat ikan surimi swanggi pada P0, P1, P2 dan P3 adalah 0%, 25%, 50% dan 75%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi fermentasi limbah padat surimi swanggi pada tepung ikan menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata (p> 0,05) pada retensi protein ikan dan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyatao(p <0,05) terhadap retensi lemak ikan lele. Pemeliharaan kualitas air pada media ikan lele meliputi suhu 26-28 C, oksigen terlarut 5-8 mg / l, pH 7-8, dan amonia 0-1,5 mg / l.
PENAMBAHAN ATRAKTAN PADA PAKAN PASTA TERHADAP KONSUMSI PAKAN, RETENSI PROTEIN DAN RETENSI LEMAK BELUT (Monopterus albus) YANG DIPELIHARA DENGAN SISTEM RESIRKULASI
Authors: Hasyim Akbar Yusuf , Arief Muhammad , Rahardja Boedi S
Published: June 2019

Belut sawah (Monopterus albus) merupakan ikan dari Family Synbranchoidae yang permintaannya meningkat setiap tahun (Dirjen PPHP, 2010). Selama ini budidaya belut sawah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan lumpur sebagai media budidaya. Pada budidaya belut sawah dengan menggunakan lumpur, sintasan atau kelangsungan hidup serta pertumbuhan belut sawah sulit untuk diukur, karena itu digunakan wadah akuarium dengan sistem resirkulasi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Pada budidaya belut sawah pakan yang diberikan berupa cacing tanah maupun pasta. Harga cacing yang mahal membuat proses budidaya berjalan tidak efektif, sedangkan penggunaan pasta tidak efektif karena pakan tidak habis dimakan oleh belut sawah, oleh karena itu pakan pasta perlu ditambahkan bahan atraktan yang dapat berfungsi sebagai zat perangsang (stimulus) untuk meningkatkan konsumsi pakan belut terhadap pakan pasta. Pakan merupakan sumber energi bagi ikan. Penggunaan energi pada ikan dipengaruhi oleh jumlah pakan yang dikonsumsi. Evaluasi pemanfaatan energi pakan dapat diketahui dari perhitungan retensi protein dan retensi lemak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penambahan atraktan pada pasta terhadap peningkatan konsumsi pakan, retensi protein dan retensi lemak belut sawah (M. albus) yang dipelihara dengan sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya pada bulan April hingga Mei 2014. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Data hasil penelitian akan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Apabila menunjukkan adanya perbedaan maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil analisis varian (ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa hasil perlakuan D (79,44 gr), B (79,26) dan C (78,98) memberikan konsumsi pakan tertinggi yang berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan A (77,12) (p<0,05). Pada hasil retensi protein menunjukkan bahwa hasil tertinggi adalah perlakuan C (7,92), D (7,75) dan B (7,23) yang berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dengan perlakuan A (4,48). Hasil retensi lemak menunjukkan perlakuan D (13,38) merupakan perlakuan dengan nilai rata-rata retensi lemak tertinggi yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan semua perlakuan, A (13,00), B (13,33) dan C (13,30) (p>0,05).
Aplikasi Sistem Imuno-Probiosirkulasi pada Tambak Udang pola Tradisional Di Desa Jenu, Kabupaten Jenu
Authors: Sudarno Sudarno , Mahasri Gunanti , Kusdarwati Rahayu
Published: June 2019

Udang galah (Penaeus monodon Fab) merupakan salah satu udang yang penting secara ekonomi, sampai tahun 1992 menjadi komoditi ekspor non migas yang paling penting dari sektor perikanan. Sejak akhir tahun 1993 sampai sekarang, tingkat kematian Penaeus monodon Fab relatif tinggi dan karena keadaan ini telah menyebabkan banyak tambak roboh sehingga produksi udang menurun secara dramatis dari tahun ke tahun. Kabupaten Jenu merupakan salah satu daerah Tuban yang memiliki potensi perikanan besar, terutama untuk kolam air pemecah gelombang, yang paling top sebagai kabupaten lainnya. Ada banyak kasus mati udang sampai sekarang. Tapi, agar 80% kolam pemecah air pecah dan tidak operasional. Tujuan dari kegiatan pelayanan masyarakat ini adalah menerapkan teknologi kultur udang Imuno-Probiokulasi dengan metode tradisional plus (SI-PBR), meningkatkan produksi udang di Kabupaten Jenu, Tuban, Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi / konseling, perencanaan dan panduan penerapan teknologi SI-PBR dalam satu periode (tiga bulan). Hasil ini menunjukkan indikasi positif. Ada pengetahuan petani yang berhenti melalui sosialisasi, namun juga menerapkan teknologi budidaya udang. Ada juga yang menunjukkan bahwa model SI-PBR dapat menurunkan produksi udang dari 272,43 kg / ha menjadi 854,66 kg / ha, artinya meningkat 313%. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah model SI-PBR dapat meningkatkan produksi udang dan dapat diaplikasikan di daerah yang lebih luas di wilayah Tuban.
Hubungan Kadar Interleukin-10 dan Tuberkulosis Multi-Drug Resistant
Authors: Lihawa Nurjanah , Yudhawati Resti
Published: June 2019

Background: Prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is increased by the time. In Indonesia, there were an  estimated 1.9% of new cases and 12% of previously treated cases. Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on  Th1 cell CD4+ that produced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α. T cell regulators (Tregs) produced IL-10 as anti- inflammatory cytokine is against the function of those pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is believed that immune suppression is responsible  for MDR-TB. The previous study showed impaired Th1 responses and enhanced regulatory T-cell levels in circulatory blood of MDR- TB patients. The study of IL-10 represented anti-inflammation cytokine as immune suppression never been conducted in Indonesia.  Objective: To analyze relationship between level of interleukin-10 and Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Methods: The study was  conducted at the outpatient department of MDR-TB and DOTS of Dr. Soetomo hospital in Surabaya. Total sample was 38 of TB patients  that consist of 19 MDR-TB patients (secondary resistant) and 19 non-MDR TB patients as control. Results: In this study we found that  the median level of IL-10 as 5.7±3.3 pg/mL in the group of MDR-TB patients with minimum level was 1.3 pg/mL and maximum level  was 14.0 pg/mL while median level of IL-10 in non-MDR TB patients was 7.0±3.4 pg/mL with 3.2 pg/mL and 16.5 pg/mL, respectively.  To analyze correlation between time to first of having TB until became MDR-TB and level of IL-10 by using Pearson’s correlation, we  showed that no statistical correlation (p>0.05). According to statistical classification, we found that no statistical correlation between  level of IL-10 and the history of treatment in MDR-TB patients (p>0.05). Data showed that all the history of treatment classification  dominated by MDR-TB patients with the low level of IL-10. We also found that no statistical difference with the level of IL-10 in MDR- TB and non-MDR TB patients (p>0.05) although in descriptive state we found the level of IL-10 was higher in non-MDR TB patients.  And also there was no relationship between level of IL-10 and MDR-TB (p>0.05). It could be explained that the host factor was not  involved and in the other side we still not known the factor of agents, yet. The low level of IL-10 that was observed in this study could be  interfering by the strain of M.tb which not assessed in this study. Conclusion: In this study we found that level of IL-10 is not increase  in MDR-TB patients and there was no relationship between level of IL-10 and MDR-TB (p>0.05).
Nilai Diagnostik Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Cairan Pleura pada Penderita Efusi Pleura Tuberkulosi
Authors: Amalia Rizki Nur , Pradjoko Isnu
Published: June 2019

Background: Tuberculosis pleural effusion is the most common extrapulmonary TB after lymphadenitis TB. Limited diagnostic methods make TB pleural effusion hard to diagnose. Adenosine deaminase ADA is an enzyme in purin catabolism process which catalyze adenosine into inosine and deoksiadenosine into deoksiinosin. This process is important in lymphoid cell differentiation. ADA is elevated in TB pleural effusion. Method: This study was a cross sectional analytic observational. Statistic analysis was using two independent samples T test. ROC curve was used to determine cut off value of ADA. Kappa test was used to determined the level of agreement of ADA cut off value. Results: Forty eight samples were included in this study, 18 samples with TB pleural effusion and 30 samples with non TB pleural effusion. There was significant difference between pleural fluid ADA in TB and non TB. Positivity of AFB sputum and MTB culture did not show any significant differences. Cut off ADA value for TB pleural effusion diagnosis was 39,19 with sensitivity 88,9% and spesificity 90%. Conclusion: Examination of ADA level in pleural fluid is a usefull tool to diagnose TB pleural effusion.
Peran Imunitas Mukosa terhadap Infeksi Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Authors: Syafa’ah Irmi , Yudhawati Resti
Published: June 2019

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of major health problems in the world, with high morbidity and mortality rates. According to Global Tuberculosis Report 2015, Indonesia ranks as country with the 2nd highest number of TB cases in the world. Airway was described as a ‘gateway’ to the main pathogens, allergens and particles from the external environment. It has surveillance function that filtering beneficial and non-beneficial antigens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) as the causative agent of TB. MTB is a mucosal transmitted pathogen, infects human through mucosal tissue of respiratory tract. Airway mucosa was considered as the first barrier as well as inductive sites to initiate mucosal immune response against MTB. In this literature, the role of mucosal immune system, in this case especially airway mucosa, and its role against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in humans will be further discussed.
Seorang Wanita dengan Pneumokoniosis yang Mengalami Komplikasi Trapped Lung dan Dilakukan Dekortikasi
Authors: Kusmiati Tutik , Koesoemoprodjo Winariani , Maulidiyah Novita
Published: June 2019

Background: Pneumoconiosis is an occupational lung disease caused by dust inhalation which deposit in lung parenchym and cause lung fibrosis. Trapped lung is impairment of compliance because of pleural inflammation. Case: We presented a diagnostic problem case of a woman, 37 years old who worked at coffee factory for 20 years as a coffee powder packer. Patient came in previous hospital with continous dispnea not relieved by rest or medication. She had been diagnosed with pneumothorax and already treated with chest tube for 2 weeks but there was no improvement. Patient was reffered to Dr. Soetomo hospital and treated with continous suction and chest physiotherapy for 2 months but there was no improvement. Patient then underwent thoracoscopy to find the cause of persistent collapsed lung. Thoracoscopy showed blackish leucoplaque pleural biopsy was done histopathological result showed pneumoconiosis. CT Scan showed fluidopneumothorax and severe lung restriction. The patient then underwent torachotomy and decortication which showed attachment of medial, inferior, and posterior lobe of left lung and organized pleural effusion. Post operation, the lung expanded completely and patient condition improved. Conclusion: Lung entrampment rarely become the complication of pneumoconiosis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment will avoid further complication.
Sidero-Siliko Tuberkulosis pada Penderita Efusi Pleura Masif Dekstra yang Awalnya Dicurigai Keganasan
Authors: Koesoemoprodjo Winariani , Narendrani Hapsari Paramita
Published: June 2019

Background: Pneumoconiosis defined as the accumulation of dust in the lungs and causes tissue reactions to mineral materials from various industries that affect the respiratory system. Among the causes of pneumoconiosis are silica dust (silicosis) and iron dust (ciderosis). Pneumoconiosis provides a pathological reaction in lung tissue due to inhaled deposition of mineral particulate dust or persistent fiber material. The risk of infection with tuberculosis is higher in patients with pneumoconiosis, especially silicosis. Most cases of pleural effusion are found in malignancies or infections such as tuberculosis but can also be a complication of pneumoconiosis. Case: A man, 55 years old, reported with a 2-week congested complaint that was getting worse, with a cough for almost 1 month. Patients with work history as iron lathers for 25 years with comorbid diabetes mellitus. From the results of our chest x-rays we get a picture of massive pleural effusion with a total evacuation of approximately 9 liters, whereas on the chest CT scan get a solid mass picture in the right lung field with multiple nodules in the liver. The results of bronkoalveolar rinses obtained silica and iron content, and obtained Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture in pleural fluid culture. Conclusion: Illustration of a case report of a 55-year-old man diagnosed as a sidero-silico-tuberculosis with a periodic picture of tuberculosis and pleural effusion in the right lung undergoing resolution with OAT treatment.
Pemphigus Paraneoplastik pada Timoma
Authors: Setiawan Herley Windo , Maranatha Daniel
Published: June 2019

Thymomas are mediastinal primary tumour of the mediastinum and associated with a variety of autoimmune disorders often linked to T-cell mediated autoimmunity. Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an immunologically mediated skin disease characterized by epidermal blisters that may occur in association with thymic or non thymic neoplasms. Case: 21 years old man came to the hospital with vesicles and ulcer in oral cavity and extended to whole body since 3 weeks before. Patient was diagnosed with Pemphigus vulgaris and thymomas since 2 years. Patient was hospitalized for 3 times with same cases. Patient underwent chemotherapy Carboplatin-Etoposide 6 series and Radiotherapy 25 series and no response had been documented. Patient was suggested to undergo a resection of thymoma to prevent the exacerbation of pemphigus but he refused. The medication given was only aimed for reducing the exacerbation of Pemphigus. Discussion: PNP is characterized by the production of autoantibodies against various target antigens, mainly plakin family proteins and desmogleins. PNP results from an antitumor immune response cross-reacting with the normal epithelial proteins and thereby inducing autoimmunity by molecular mimicry. PNP sera bind to homologous region within carboxyterminus of members of the plakin gene family. There are also involvement of dysregulation of T-cell development. Conclusion: Pemphigus is rarely associated with Thymomas, but the fact there is an association between Thymomas and pemphigus. According to this fact, every patients with pemphigus should be suspected with malignancies especially thymomas until it was ruled out.
Sintomas neurológicos transitórios associados à raquianestesia - relato de caso
Authors: Magalhães Maria Cecília , Gomes Josenília Maria Alves , Portella Ana Virgínia Tomaz , Souza Liane Carvalho de Brito , Magalhães Marcos Castelo
Published: June 2019

Objetivos: apresentar um caso de sintomas neurológicos transitórios (SNT) de duração e apresentação pouco habitual em paciente submetida à apendicectomia sob raquianestesia. Relato de Caso: paciente feminina, 44 anos, submetida à raquianestesia para realização de apendicectomia. Referiu intensa sensação de choque no pé direito durante realização do bloqueio anestésico e evoluiu no pós-operatório imediato com quadro de dor, de moderada intensidade, de padrão neuropático em pé direito (dermátomo S1), além de disfunção esfincteriana. Realizou-se investigação com ressonância nuclear magnética de coluna lombar e eletroneuromiografia de membros inferiores, descartando-se etiologia infecciosa e vascular, sendo provável a causa de trauma durante a inserção da agulha de punção. O tratamento incluiu uso de antidepressivo tricíclico, corticoide e gabapentinoide com regressão completa da sintomatologia, porém lenta, num período de 3 meses. Conclusão: apesar do desfecho favorável na maioria dos casos de SNT, medidas de prevenção devem ser adotadas para evitar tal complicação neurológica, tais como técnica anestésica adequada, correto posicionamento na mesa cirúrgica, medidas para evitar hipotensão prolongada e isquemia neural.
Transvaginal repair of ureteral transection post gynecological surgery: a case report
Authors: Bilhar Andreisa Paiva Monteiro , Magalhães Thaís Fontes , Bezerra Leonardo Robson Pinheiro Sobreira , Karbage Sara Arcanjo Lino , Vasconcelos Neto Jose Ananias , Augusto Kathiane Lustosa
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Ureteral injuries are relatively common in gynecological procedures. The repair of such injuries has traditionally been done through open surgery; however, minimally invasive techniques have become an option in some cases. We report the case of a ureteroureteral anastomosis successfully transvaginally approached. Case report: a 70-year-old woman developed hydronephrosis and acute renal failure after vaginal hysterectomy, parametrectomy, McCall culdoplasty, sacrocolpopexy, posterior colpoplasty and perineoplasty. She was reoperated, and had bilateral ureteral injuries correctly identified and repaired through the vaginal route. Discussion: Difficulties encountered during transvaginal surgery include ureter identification and the narrow surgical field. In order for a vaginal repair to be performed, surgeons must have expertise with vaginal surgery and know the anatomy of the ureter as seen through the vagina. Additionally, JJ stents can be used to facilitate repair. Conclusion: Vaginal repair of ureteral injuries is feasible and has potentially less morbidity than the standard abdominal approaches, but further studies are needed in order to determine its efficacy and complication rates.
β-Talassemia major: um relato de caso
Authors: Freire Ítalo Aguiar , Deolindo Alaíde Maria Rodrigues , Sanches Mitza Serena Furtado , Arcanjo Francisco Plácido Nogueira
Published: June 2019

As talassemias configuram doenças relacionadas à síntese deficiente ou ausente de cadeias da hemoglobina, sendo mais comuns as dos tipos α e β. A forma major é considerada rara e possui uma apresentação clínica ampla, caracterizada por manifestações sistêmicas da anemia grave, como alterações ósseas, hepatoesplenomegalia, cardiopatias, hepatopatias, hipogonadismo, hipotireoidismo, diabetes mellitus, dentre outras. As complicações relacionadas a tais achados se tornam mais evidentes com o retardo do diagnóstico e tratamento inadequado. A raridade de ocorrência na região norte do Ceará e as questões socioeconômicas que envolvem a detecção da doença e condução clínica da paciente pediátrica referida torna importante a devida divulgação na comunidade científica do relato e das questões relacionadas ao tratamento, no intuito de estimular o aprimoramento de políticas públicas que beneficie os pacientes talassêmicos.
Relação entre a atividade inflamatória e o estado nutricional de pacientes com câncer de pulmão
Authors: Souza Benedita Jales , Mesquita Armênia Uchôa de , Meireles Amanda Rocha , Brito Juliana Girão de , Bandeira Thalita Evangelista , Rocha José Aurillo
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: verificar a correlação entre a atividade inflamatória e o estado nutricional de pacientes com câncer de pulmão. Método: estudo transversal e quantitativo, realizado de março a outubro de 2015 com pacientes com câncer de pulmão. Os pacientes foram avaliados pelo índice de massa corporal, circunferência do braço, dobra cutânea tricipital, circunferência muscular do braço, contagem total de linfócitos e pela relação proteína C-reativa/albumina. Foi utilizado o coeficiente de Spearman, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: participaram 58 indivíduos com idade média de 65,02 ± 9,88 anos. A desnutrição foi maior pela dobra cutânea tricipital (55,1%) e menor pelo índice de massa corporal (37,9%). Correspondentemente, a depleção imunológica atingiu 77,6% dos participantes e verificou-se correlação negativa entre a proteína C-reativa/albumina e os demais métodos de avaliação nutricional. Conclusão: constatou-se correlação negativa fraca entre o estado nutricional e a atividade inflamatória. O diagnóstico nutricional variou entre os parâmetros de avaliação utilizados, sendo mais evidente a perda de gordura corporal.
Pathos e cuidado: Dorothy Mae Stang e o cuidado como afetação
Authors: ULRICH CLAUDETE BEISE , ROCHA ABDRUSCHIN SCHAEFFER
Published: June 2019

O presente texto reflete sobre a relação entre pathos e cuidado. Partindo do conceito de cuidado como modo-de-ser, procura superar a mera ação de cuidar, apontando para a possibilidade de um cuidado como afetação. O conceito de pathos evoca um suportar, um sofrer, ser tocado, ou seja, uma instância em que nunca se está no controle. Nesse sentido, parte do pressuposto de que essa instância também pode ter sentido terapêutico, na medida em que as próprias feridas do cuidador e sua participação nas feridas de outrem se transformam em fonte de cuidado. Nesses termos, apresenta-se uma breve biografia da Irmã Dorothy Mae Stang, uma freira americana, naturalizada brasileira que trabalhou entre os mais pobres na floresta Amazônia.  Reflete-se como a sua ação pastoral e missionária foi afetada pela vida dos mais pobres, e pela exploração da floresta, sendo assassinada pelas causas que defendia. A sua história de vida continua afetando a todos e todas que buscam relações mais amorosas e solidárias entre as pessoas e estas com a terra e a floresta. A morte de Dorothy nos toca, denunciando a comercialização da floresta amazônica e nos convoca para o cuidado integral com toda a criação.
Geospatial-Temporal and Demand Models for Opioid Admissions, Implications for Policy
Authors: Fulton Lawrence , Dong Zhijie , Zhan Benjamin , Kruse Clemens Scott , Stigler Granados Paula
Published: June 2019

Background: As the opioid epidemic continues, understanding the geospatial, temporal and demand patterns is important for policymakers to assign resources and interdict individual, organization, and country-level bad actors.  Methods:  GIS geospatial-temporal analysis, k-means cluster analysis, and extreme-gradient boosted random forests are used to evaluated ICD-10 F11 opioid-related admissions. The period of analysis was January 2016 through September 2018.  Results:  The analysis shows existing high-intensity areas in Chicago and New Jersey with emerging areas in Atlanta, Salt Lake City, Phoenix, and Las Vegas. Further, cluster analysis supports the current inflow from China through Mexico and Canada with another cluster in the Northeast likely associated with the Dominican flow.  Explanatory models suggest that hospital overall workload and financial variables may be used for allocating opioid-related funds effectively, as the gradient-boosted random forest models accounted for 88% of the variability on a blinded test data set.  Conclusions: Based on GIS analysis, the opioid epidemic is likely to spread or diffuse through the country, and interdiction efforts require demand-analysis such as that provided in this study to allocate scarce resources for supply-side and demand-side interdiction: prevention, treatment, and enforcement.
Geospatial-Temporal and Demand Models for Opioid Admissions, Implications for Policy
Authors: Fulton Lawrence , Dong Zhijie , Zhan Benjamin , Kruse C. Scott , Stigler Granados Paula
Published: June 2019

Background:  As the opioid epidemic continues, understanding the geospatial, temporal and demand patterns is important for policymakers to assign resources and interdict individual, organization, and country-level bad actors.  Methods:  GIS geospatial-temporal analysis and extreme-gradient boosted random forests evaluate ICD-10 F11 opioid-related admissions and admission rates using geospatial analysis, demand analysis, and explanatory models, respectively. The period of analysis was January 2016 through September 2018.  Results:  The analysis shows existing high opioid admissions in Chicago and New Jersey with emerging areas in Atlanta, Salt Lake City, Phoenix, and Las Vegas. High rates of admission (claims per 10,000 population) exist in the Appalachian area and on the Northeastern seaboard. Explanatory models suggest that hospital overall workload and financial variables might be used for allocating opioid-related treatment funds effectively. Gradient-boosted random forest models accounted for 87.8% of the variability of claims on blinded 20% test data. Conclusions: Based on the GIS analysis, opioid admissions appear to have spread geographically, while higher frequency rates are still found in some regions.  Interdiction efforts require demand-analysis such as that provided in this study to allocate scarce resources for supply-side and demand-side interdiction: prevention, treatment, and enforcement. Based on GIS analysis, the opioid epidemic is likely to spread or diffuse through the country, and interdiction efforts require demand-analysis such as that provided in this study to allocate scarce resources for supply-side and demand-side interdiction: prevention, treatment, and enforcement.
Impact of Biochar Application on Carbon Dynamics and Fertility of Soils Over-fertilization with Compost
Authors: Tsai Chen-Chi , Chang Yu-Fang
Published: June 2019

In Taiwan, farmers often apply excess compost to ensure adequate crop yield in highly frequent tillage, highly weathered, and lower fertility soils. The potential of biochar (BC) for diminishing soil C mineralization, and improving soil nutrient availability in compost over-fertilized soil is promising, but the study is still under-examined. To test the hypothesis, 434 days in vitro C mineralization kinetics of incubation experiment were conducted. Woody BC 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% (w/w) made of lead tree (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de. Wit) were added to an Oxisols, and two Inceptisols of Taiwan. In each treatment, 5% swine manure compost (2 times recommended amount) was added and served as the over-fertilized soil. The results indicated that soil type strongly influenced the impact of BC addition on soil carbon mineralization potential. Respiration per unit of total organic carbon (total mineralization coefficient, TMC) of three studied soils significantly decreased with BC addition increased. Principal component analysis (PCA) suggested that for retaining more plant nutrients in addition to the effects of carbon sequestration, it is recommended that farmer could use locally produced biochars and composts in highly weathered and highly frequent tillage soil. Adding 0.5%-1% woody BC in soil should be reasonable and appropriate.
Wheat Varietal Differences in Below Ground Biomass Revealed by a Semi-Quantitative Estimation of Wheat Root DNA in Soil Samples
Authors: Jones Huw , Bentley Steven , Smith Lydia , Karley Alison , Valentine Tracy , White Charlotte , Ashton Rhys , Boyd Lesley
Published: June 2019

Root research on field grown crops is hindered by the difficulty of estimating root biomass in soil. Root washing, the current standard method is laborious and expensive. Biochemical methods to quantify root biomass in soil, targeting species-specific DNA, have potential as a more efficient assay. We combined an efficient DNA extraction method, designed specifically to extract DNA from soil, with well-established quantitative PCR methods to estimate the root biomass of twenty-two wheat varieties grown in field trials over two seasons. We also developed an assay for estimating root biomass for black-grass, a common weed of wheat cultivation. Two robust qPCR assays were developed to estimate the quantity of plant root DNA in soil samples, one specific to wheat and barley, and a second specific to black-grass. The DNA qPCR method was comparable, with high correlations, with the results of root washing from soil cores taken from winter wheat field trials. The DNA qPCR assay showed both variety and depth as significant factors in the distribution of root biomass in replicated field trials. The results suggest that these DNA qPCR assays are a useful, high throughput tool for investigating the genetic basis of wheat root biomass distribution in field grown crops, and the impact of black-grass root systems on crop production.
Constitutive Modeling of the Tensile Behavior of Recycled Polypropylene Based Composites
Authors: Wang Kui , Peng Yong , Matadi  Boumbimba Rodrigue , Bahlouli Nadia , Pessey Daniel , AHZI Said , Addiego Frédéric , Remond Yves
Published: June 2019

The effect of reprocessing on the quasi-static uniaxial tensile behavior of two commercial polypropylene (PP) based composites is experimentally investigated and modeled. In particular, the studied materials consist of an unfilled high-impact PP and a talc-filled high-impact PP. These PP composites are subjected to repeated processing cycles including a grinding step and an extrusion step to simulate recycling at the laboratory level, the selected reprocessing numbers for this study being 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12. Because the repeated reprocessing leads to thermo-mechanical degradation by chain scission mechanisms, the tensile behavior of the two materials exhibits a continuous decrease of elastic modulus and failure strain with increasing number of reprocessing. A physically consistent three-dimensional constitutive model is used to predict the tensile response of non-recycled materials with strain rate dependence. For the recycled materials, the reprocessing effect is accounted by incorporating the reprocessing sensitive coefficient into the constitutive model for Young’s modulus, failure strain, softening and hardening equations. Our predictions of true stress - true strain curves for non-recycled and recycled 108MF97 and 7510 are in a good agreement with experimental data.