bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPACARA ROKAT DALAM TRADISI MADURA: TINJAUAN LIVING HADIST
Authors: Badrud Tamam
Published: January 2022

Islam is a religion with the universe spirit, that made it lives and thrives in diverse society. When Islam developed outside of Arabia, it came into contact with other culture. In its interaction between Islam and other culture, creating a harmonization of islamic values with local cultures values. In the islamic scholarship this is known as the living hadist. One of the example is upacara rokat in the Madurese culture who has experienced Islamization. Origanlly, the upacara rokat came from a pre-islamic traditions.
MEMAHAMI SEJARAH MELALUI AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Johan Septian Putra
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Understanding the al-Qur’an through its verses is something that must be done for followers of Islam, of course, but in the context of academics, all circles have the right to know the content of the verses of the Koran, including in this case the historical context in Al-Qur'an. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the understanding of history based on the verses of the al-Qur'an, as part of the basic thinking for Islamic historians. The research method used is historical research, which includes heuristics, verification, interpretation and writing. The results of the research in this paper can be concluded that the verses of the al-Qur'an contain through the stories told in them contain laws of change made by humans themselves, starting from the beginning of appearance, progress, peak of progress, decline to collapse.

 

Key Words: Verses of al-Qur’an, Islamic History, and Stories

 

 

 

Abstrak

Memahami al-Qur’an melalui ayat-ayatnya adalah hal yang harus dilakukan bagi penganut agama Islam tentunya, tetapi dalam konteks akademisi semua kalangan berhak untuk mengetahui kandugan dari ayat-ayat al-Qur’an tersebut, termasuk dalam hal ini perihal konteks kesejarahan dalam al-Qur’an. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengelaborasi pemahaman sejarah berdasarkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an, sebagai bagian landasan berpikir bagi sejarawan Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian sejarah, yang mana mencakup heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi dan penulisan. Hasil penelitian dalam tulisan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ayat-ayat al-Qur’an mengandung melalui kisah-kisah yang diceritakan di dalamnya mengandung hukum perubahan yang dibuat oleh manusia itu sendiri, mulai dari awal kemunculan, kemajuan, puncak kemajuan, kemunduran hingga keruntuhan.

Kata Kunci: Ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, Sejarah Islam, dan Kisah-kisah
SYEKH SULAIMAN AL-RASULI: INTEGRASI ADAT DAN AGAMA DI MINANGKABAU
Authors: Asril
Published: January 2022

Awal Islam dikembangkan di Minangkabau mendapat perlawanan oleh kaum adat sehingga terjadi perperangan yang mengakibatkan pertumpahan darah. Namun setelah kedua belah pihak menyadari bahwa perperangan tersebut tidak akan menyelesaikan permasalahan, maka diadakan musyawarah di Bukit Marapalam”. Hasil musyawarah melahirkan kebijakan dengan ungkapan “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah”. Untuk menjaga kebijakan tersebut maka hari demi hari, waktu demi waktu ungkapan tersebut diperkokoh dengan ungkapa-ungkapan bijak berikutnya seperti; Adat dan Agama Bagaikan Aur dan Tebing Keduanya Sanda Menyanda,  Syarak Mangato Adat Mamakaikan, Syarak Batalanjang Adat Basisampiang, Syarak Nan Kawi Adat Nan Lazim. Sebagai seorang ulama Syekh Sulaiman al-Rasuli, telah berjasa pula melakukan pengintegrasian adat dan agama di Minangkabau. Upayanya terlihat dari ceramah-ceramah agamanya di masjid-masjid dan dari beberapa karya tulisnya. Seperti ungkapannya” jika ada adat yang tidak sesuai dengan ajaran agama maka itu bukan adat Minangkabau namun adat jahiliah”. Kemudian ia kokohkan dengan ungkapan bijak yang belum ada pengokohan baru hingga sekarang “Adat Bapaneh Syarak Balinduang”
EFFECTS OF SYNTHETIC ASTAXANTHIN, CHLORELLA, AND SPIRULINA SUPPLEMENTATION IN DIETS ON GROWTH AND PIGMENTATION OF KURUMOI RAINBOWFISH, Melanotaenia parva
Authors: Meilisza Nina , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Jusadi Dedi , Jr. Muhammad Zairin , Artika I Made
Published: January 2022

Several studies have recommended the supplementation of astaxanthin in the Kurumoi rainbowfish diet to enhance its color and growth. However, knowledge regarding the effects of naturally-sourced and synthetically-made carotenoids in fish diets is currently limited. This study’s objective was to compare the growth and color performances of Melanotaenia parva by supplementing fish feed with synthetic astaxanthin and natural carotenoids sourced from Chlorella and Spirulina. A total of 12 fish (weight of 1.27 ± 0.02 g and total length of 4.70 ± 0.07 cm) were stocked at a density of one fish per liter. Basal feed (B) was used as the control feed. The experimental feeds were: B added with different doses of synthetic astaxanthin (Carophyll® Pink 10% water-soluble) from low to higher doses as follows: 0.6 g kg-1 (AS-L), 2.6 g kg-1 (AS-O), and 5.1 g kg-1 (AS-H); and B added with natural carotenoids of Chlorella sp. (Ch) and Spirulina sp. (Sp) of 8.6 g kg-1 and 5.5 g kg-1, respectively. The experimental diets were given at satiation for 56 days at 8 am and 3 pm. The study results showed that the addition of synthetic astaxanthin at a dose of 2.6 g kg-1 could increase the fish growth up to 12% with carotenoid deposition in the fish fin of three times higher than that of the treatments without synthetic astaxanthin. This dose was considered the optimal dose to increase the fish’s growth performance and pigmentation compared with the high dose of 5.1 g kg-1. Despite having the same nutrient composition, natural carotenoids in Chlorella and Spirulina did not produce better results compared to the low dose of synthetic astaxanthin of 0.6 g kg-1.
COMBINATION VACCINES AGAINST KOIHERPES VIRUS AND Aeromonas hydrophila CO-INFECTION IN KOI AND COMMON CARP
Authors: Lusiastuti Angela Mariana , Novita Hessy , Gardenia Lila , Taukhid Taukhid , Bergmann Habil Sven M.
Published: January 2022

Co-infections occur when hosts are infected by two or more pathogens, either simultaneous or as a secondary infection. This research aimed to determine the best compositions of vaccine combinations and their protective efficacies against pathogens co-infection. This research was conducted in two stages. Firstly, surveys were conducted in three research areas: infected, high risk of infection, and virus free areas. Samples (three to five fish per pool) were collected from three fish farms per area. The basic antibody titer of fish from each farm was checked before and after vaccination as well as after the virus challenge in combination with the PCR result. The second stage of the research was conducted in the laboratory. Carp and koi fish were used to determine optimal vaccine combination and dosage for oral application. The results of this research showed that combination of KHV: Aeromonas hydrophila vaccines in the ratio of 1:2 and vaccine volume of 3 mL via the oral application gave higher titer antibody and efficacy against KHV and A. hydrophila. In conclusion, the combined vaccine offers an effective means of preventing the diseases, decreasing fish mortality, and simplifying the immunization schedule, which will eventually increase the overall health of farmed fish and benefit fish farmers and service extension officers. This research recommends that further development of the combined vaccines should be carried out, for example, overcoming the technical difficulties in its manufacturing.
VIRULENCE GENE PROFILING AND PATHOGENICITY OF Streptococcus agalactiae ISOLATED FROM TILAPIA, Oreochromis niloticus FARMS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sukenda Sukenda , Suhermanto Achmad , Jr. Muhammad Zairin , Lusiastuti Angela Mariana , Nuryati Sri , Hidayatullah Dendi
Published: January 2022

Streptococcosis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae has become a major disease problem in tilapia culture in Indonesia. This study aimed to detect virulence genes of S. agalactiae during streptococcosis disease outbreaks in several tilapia farms in Indonesia and evaluate the correlation between biotype and virulence genes to bacterial virulence. The presence of virulence genes was determined in 10 strains of S. agalactiae isolated from farm-raised tilapia. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol was used to determine genes for cylE, hylB, lmb, bib A, PI-2b, fbs A, fbs B, gap, PI-1, and cfb in the template DNA. Pathogenicity test was carried out by intraperitoneal injection of 24 hour-cultured S. agalactiae to tilapia with 108 CFU/fish. Four isolates have seven of virulence genes (cylE, hylB, bibA, PI-2b, fbs A, fbs B, and gap genes), three isolates have six virulence genes (hylB, bib A, fbs A, fbs B, gap, cfb genes), one isolate has four virulence gene (hyl B, bib A, fbs, and cfb genes), and one isolate has one virulence gene (PI-2b gene). None of the isolates has lmb or PI-1 genes. Bacteria with more virulence genes showed higher pathogenicity post injection. Mortality of tilapia injected with b-hemolytic bacteria was 100% within the period of 14-19 hours, while non-hemolytic bacteria was 53.3%-86.6% on 14 days post-injection. Pathological changes associated with the infection by either isolate included melanosis, slow response, anorexia, ocular opacity, gasping, erratic, C-shape, and whirling. It can be concluded that S. agalactiae with more virulence genes show a higher level of pathogenicity. The presence of a virulent gene has the potential to be used as a basis for selecting candidate isolates and designing vaccine compositions as an effort to prevent streptococcosis infection in tilapia in Indonesia.
Connecting and Critiquing the Canon
Authors: BANACK ARIANNA
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the intertextual connections between the young adult novel, Pride by Ibi Zoboi, and the canonical text, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. Similarities between the plot and structure of the two texts are discussed along with the differences in themes between the novels. Critical Race Theory is used to help make sense of the differences between the novels and critique the overwhelming whiteness of the canon. Implications for educators who wish to pair the two novels are provided.
Freight distribution analysis and modelling of inland waterway transport using big data
Authors: Deng Guihua , Zhong Ming , Lei Mo , Hunt John Douglas , Wang Wanle , Zhou Yong
Published: January 2022

The Yangtze River economic belt (YREB) serves as the main east–west axis of China to promote economic development and environmental protection along the Yangtze River (YR). The factors that affect the freight distribution of major types of cargo transported through the YR were analysed using automatic identification system data and ship visa data. First, a set of freight impedance functions was developed for different types of links of the waterway network, considering a number of factors (e.g. cargo type, delays at ship locks, water levels and flows at different waterway segments and upstream and downstream shipping speeds). Distance-based (DB) and time-based (TB) impedance matrices of different types of cargo were computed. A gravity model (GM) and an intervening opportunity model were then used to simulate the distributions of different types of cargo based on the computed impedance matrices. A trip length distribution method was applied to validate the estimated distribution models. The results showed that the GM with a power term outperformed the other models and that the TB models were superior to the DB models for the prediction of freight distributions over large geographies like the YREB. This work offers an in-depth understanding of the freight characteristics of inland waterways and therefore should be helpful for relevant authorities in formulating port and inland waterway plans and policies.
An Investigation on Electric Dipole Transitions of Pt LXVII
Authors: GÜNDAY KONAN Gülay
Published: January 2022

In the present work, we have reported the energy levels, wavelengths, weighted oscillator strengths, and transition probabilities for electric dipole (E1) transitions of magnesium like platinum (Pt LXVII, Z=78). Accurate knowledge of Mg-like ions are of great importance for astrophysics, plasma, and thermonuclear fusion research. The atomic data are calculated with the AUTOSTRUCTURE code, where relativistic corrections are introduced according to the Breit–Pauli distorted wave approach. In the calculations, quantum electrodynamics effects and correlation contributions have been considered. The present results are in good agreement with other available values. There are no experimental works for Pt LXVII in the literature. We predict new theoretical data for several levels will be helpful for future experimental works.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Safe Path Planning for a 3R Planar Robot
Authors: BİNGOL Mustafa Can
Published: January 2022

Path planning is an essential topic of robotics studies. Robotic researchers have suggested some methods such as particle swarm optimization, A*, and reinforcement learning (RL) to obtain a path. In the current study, it was aimed to generate RL-based safe path planning for a 3R planar robot. For this purpose, firstly, the environment was performed. Later, state, action, reward, and terminate functions were determined. Lastly, actor and critic artificial neural networks (ANN), which are basic components of deep deterministic policy gradients (DDPG), were formed in order to generate a safe path. Another aim of the current study was to obtain an optimum actor ANN. Different ANN structures that have 2, 4, and 8-layers and 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096-units were formed to get an optimum actor ANN. These formed ANN structures were trained during 5000 episodes and 200 steps and the best results were obtained by 4-layer, 1024, and 2048-units structures. Owing to this reason, 4 different ANN structures were performed utilizing 4-layer, 1024, and 2048-units. The proposed structures were trained. The NET-M2U-4L structure generated the best result among 4 different proposed structures. The NET-M2U-4L structure was tested by using 1000 different scenarios. As a result of the tests, the rate of generating a safe path was calculated as 93.80% and the rate of colliding to the obstacle was computed as 1.70%. As a consequence, a safe path was planned and an optimum actor ANN was obtained for a 3R planar robot.
Micellar and Surface Properties of Cationic-Cationic Binary Surfactant Mixtures: Synergistic Interactions and Solubility Enhancement of Anthracene
Authors: OLUTAS Elif Berna
Published: January 2022

The micellar and surface behaviors of decylammonium chloride (DACl) in presence of L-alanine hydrochloride decylester (L-ADE) and L-alanine hydrochloride dodecylester (L-ADDE) at various mole fractions were investigated by conductivity and surface tension measurements. From the conductivity measurements, the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the degree of counter-ion ionization (α) and standard Gibbs energy of micellization (ΔG°mic) were investigated for both pure and binary mixtures. The molecular interaction parameter (β) and the micellar mole fraction (XmDACl) for mixed micelle formation by DACl/L-ADE (C10-C10) and DACl/L-ADDE (C10-C12) were calculated using the regular solution equation proposed by Rubingh. The ideal values of CMC (CMCideal) and the micellar mole fraction (XmDACl(ideal)) were also obtained for mixed micelle according to the pseudo phase theoretical models. The negative β values showed that there were synergistic interactions for all compositions of DACl/L-ADE and DACl/L-ADDE mixed systems. From the surface tension measurements, adsorption parameters such as the surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum surface tension at the CMC, efficiency in the surface tension reduction (pC20), standard Gibbs energy of adsorption (ΔG°ads), and minimum area per head group of a molecule (Amin) in pure, mixed and their ideal values were also determined. The results indicated that the synergism and attractive interactions in the studied binary mixtures depend on the chain length of the cationic L-alanine ester and their mole fractions in the mixed system. The solubilization capacity of pure DACl and its mixed system with L-ADE and L-ADDE towards anthracene were determined and discussed in terms of molar solubilization ratio (MSR). Based on the MSR values, the solubility enhancement was found for anthracene in DACl/L-ADE and DACl/L-ADDE mixed systems.
Management of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors and other antihypertensives and their clinical effects on pre-anesthesia blood pressure
Authors: Balcı Eda , Demir Zeliha Aslı , Bahçecitapar Melike
Published: January 2022

Background: Blood pressure fluctuations appear more significant in patients with poorly controlled hypertension and are known to be associated with adverse perioperative morbidity. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of antihypertensive drug treatment strategies on preanesthetic operating room blood pressure measurements.Methods: A total of 717 patients participated in our study; 383 patients who were normotensive based on baseline measurements and not under antihypertensive therapy were excluded from the analysis. The remaining 334 patients were divided into six groups according to the antihypertensive drug treatment. These six groups were examined in terms of preoperative baseline and pre-anesthesia blood pressure measurements. Results: As a result of the study, it was observed that 24% of patients had high blood pressure precluding surgery, and patients using renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASI) had higher pre-anesthesia systolic blood pressure than patients using other antihypertensive drugs. Patients who received beta-blockers were also observed to have the lowest pre-anesthesia systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean blood pressure, compared to others. Conclusions: Recently, whether RAASI should be continued preoperatively remains controversial. Our study shows that RAASI cannot provide optimal pre-anesthesia blood pressure and lead to an increase in the number of postponed surgeries, probably due to withdrawal of medication before the operation. Therefore, the preoperative discontinuation of RAASI should be reevaluated in future studies.
A cross-sectional study on the level of severity of dental caries in adults.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Asunción, Paraguay., Díaz-Reissner Clarisse , Roldán-Merino Juan ,   Campus Docent. Sant Joan de Déu-Fundació Privada. Barcelona, Spain,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain,   Rovira i Virgili University of Tarragon, Tarragona, Spain,   Research Group GEIMAC, Barcelona, Spain., Casas-García Irma ,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología y Medicina Preventiva. Barcelona, Spain,   Preventive Medicine Servic. Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol. Barcelona, Spain,   Research Group Innovation in Respiratory Infections and Tuberculosis Diagnosis. Barcelona, Spain
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Oral diseases affect some 3.9 billion people worldwide, the most prevalent are dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Untreated dental caries lesions affect 35% of the population. Objective: To determine the level of severity of dental caries lesions in adults treated at public dental services in the cities of Asunción and Pirayú, Paraguay, in 2017. Material and Methods: Sociodemographic and clinical variables of oral health status were evaluated by means of a cross-sectional study using consecutive sampling. Two dentists were calibrated to perform the oral examination. Caries experience was evaluated using the DMF-T index. The Chi square test and Fisher's exact test were applied, with a confidence level of 95%. Results: 333 subjects with a mean age of 35 years participated in the study, 77.2% were females, and 64.0% did not have access to private health care services. The DMF-T index was 11.43 (SD=6.7); 12.6% obtained a very low level, 35.7% low level, 41.7% had a medium level, and 9.9% had a high level in the DMF-T index. The DMF-T index was significantly higher in females (p=0.001), in the age range of 50 to 59 years (p<0.001), in those who did not have access to private health services (p=0.008), in those who reported a negative self-evaluation of their oral health (p=0.04), in those with a normal molar ratio (p=0.023) and a very severe aesthetic index (p<0.001). Conclusion: The general level of severity of global caries was medium and associated with sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Knowledge of oral health and oral hygiene habits of college students.
Authors:   Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Peru., Aguilar-Polo Aniceto , Mateo-Solis Máximo ,   Universidad Alas Peruanas, Perú.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Oral health is essential for people's well-being and quality of life; therefore, the present study performs an analysis on the knowledge of oral health and oral hygiene habits, making reference to the indicators of the WHO. Objective: To analyze the knowledge of oral health and oral hygiene habits in students of the Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Peru, during the second semester of the 2019 academic year Material and Methods: Research type descriptive correlational design; the sample consisted of 234 students. Data collection involved the use of two questionnaires designed and validated for the study. Data processing was carried out using descriptive statistics and normality analysis using the Kolmogórov-Smirnov test. Results: The results of knowledge of oral health as well as oral hygiene habits showed a medium level. It was determined that there is a high positive correlation between the variables (R=0.796) and this correlation is significant with a level of confidence of 95% (p<0.05). Conclusion: Knowledge of oral health influences the oral hygiene habits of Peruvian students, and considering that oral diseases continue to be an important and growing global public health challenge, the State must formulate preventive measures with potentially different approaches to reduce its prevalence in the population.
Clinical Effectiveness of Pre-treatment with Chlorhexidine in Adhesive Dental Restorations. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo – Perú., Arbildo-Vega Heber ,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo – Perú.,   Centro de Salud Odontológico San Mateo. Trujillo – Perú., Rendón-Alvarado Alfredo ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo – Perú.,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo – Perú., Cruzado-Oliva Fredy Hugo ,   Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. Trujillo – Perú., Infantes-Ruíz Edward ,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo – Perú., Agüero-Alva José ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo – Perú.,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo – Perú., Vásquez-Rodrigo Hernán ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo – Perú,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo – Perú.
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine, by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis, the clinical effectiveness of pre-treatment with chlorhexidine (CHX) in adhesive dental restorations. Material and Methods: A literature search was conducted until February 2020, in the biomedical databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, SIGLE, LILACS, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials. The selection criteria of the studies were defined, which were: randomized and controlled clinical trials, without language and time restrictions, and reporting the clinical effects (retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, postoperative sensitivity and secondary caries) of pre-CHX treatment in adhesive dental restorations. Study risk of bias was analyzed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results: The search strategy resulted in six articles of which five entered a meta-analysis. The studies reported that there was no difference in retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, postoperative sensitivity, and secondary caries from pre-treatment with CHX in adhesive dental restorations. Conclusion: The reviewed literature suggests that pretreatment with CHX does not influence the clinical effectiveness in adhesive dental restorations.
Exploring the knowledge, awareness and practices of COVID-19 among dentists in Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Investigation.
Authors:   Department of Dental Public Health, Sapporo Dental College, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh., Chowdhury Mohammad Tawfique Hossain , Apu Ehsanul Hoque ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Quantitative Health Science (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA., Nathc Sujan Kanti ,   Department of Dental Public Health, Sapporo Dental College, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh., Noor Ashek Elahi ,   Department of Dental Public Health, Sapporo Dental College, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh, Podder Clopa Pina ,   Department of Dental Public Health, Sapporo Dental College, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh., Mahmud Ilias ,   Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia., Kabir Russell ,   School of Allied Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Essex, UK.
Published: January 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unpre-cedented strike on humanity around the world . The scenario in Bangladesh is getting worse day by day, and every aspect of the society is observing its impact. Health care professionals are at a greater risk of contracting the disease while caring for patients. Objective: The research objective is to explore knowledge, awareness, and practices of registered dentists regarding COVID-19 epidemiology and transmission during the rapid outbreak of this highly contagious virus in Bangladesh. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among the dentists who were enrolled with their valid unique Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council (BMDC) registration number. A structured questionnaire was distributed among the dentists through different social media platforms. A total of 184 dentists participated in the survey between March and April 2020. Both descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The dentists' mean age was 31.75 years, with a standard deviation of 6.5 years. About 29.3% of dentists completed their postgraduate qualification, and 76% of them were engaged in private practice at the time of data collection. Compared to the dentists with undergraduate education, the dentists with a postgraduate education are three times (OR=3.1, 95%CI 1.2-7.9 and over 5 times (OR=5.3, 95% CI: 1.2-23.3) more likely to have) better knowledge and practices toward COVID-19 respectively. Dentists aged 26-30 years are less likely to have good practices than the younger dentists (OR: .1; 95% CI: .01-.5). However, dentists with less than five years experience are 10.3 (1.6-68.9) times more likely to have good practices compared to the dentists with more experience. Conclusion: Majority of the dentists from Bangladesh have shown good knowledge, awareness, and practice regarding COVID-19. We recommend that the healthcare authorities, professional organizations, and hospitals coordinate, and conduct mandatory advanced infectious disease training for all the practicing dentists in the country.
The Political Economy of the EU Approach to the Rohingya Crisis in Myanmar
Authors: Poletti Arlo , Sicurelli Daniela
Published: January 2022

European institutions have repeatedly represented the EU as an actor that can use the attractiveness of its market to promote human rights internationally. From this perspective, EU trade sanctions represent a hard power tool to push the government of states accused of major human rights violations to abide by international law. In its reaction to the Rohingya crisis in 2018, despite the European Parliament’s call for the lifting of Myanmar’s trade preferences, the Council of the EU stated that it would rather tackle the problem by taking a “constructive approach” based on dialogue. We provide a political-economy explanation of this choice, making a plausible case that the political pressures from European importers and exporters, not to jeopardise trade relations with Myanmar, prevailed over the demands of European protectionist groups and NGOs advocating a tougher position. The firms interested in maintaining preferential trade relations with Myanmar were primarily motivated by a desire to avoid a disruption of trade and investment links within global value chains (GVCs) so that they could continue competing with Chinese enterprises.
Ekwiwalencja a zjawisko false friends w słowiańskich nazwach roślin
Authors: Waniakowa Jadwiga
Published: January 2022

Artykuł dotyczy podobieństw międzyjęzykowych i zjawiska false friends w słowiańskich nazwach roślin. We wszystkich słowiańskich dialektach i w historii języków słowiańskich można zaobserwować, że jedna nazwa może odnosić się do kilku gatunków roślin, a dany gatunek może mieć nawet kilkadziesiąt nazw. Jak pokazują analizy, nierzadko nazwy te są zgodne formalnie i semantycznie na dużych obszarach, na których mówi się językami słowiańskimi. W podsumowaniu artykułu zasugerowano, że badania porównawcze materiałów słowiańskich zawsze wymagają dużej ostrożności, aby zapobiec ewentualnym błędom w identyfikacji. Podobieństwo formalne nie gwarantuje adekwatności treści, czyli prawdziwego znaczenia, gdyż w niektórych przypadkach mamy do czynienia z całkowitą równoważnością nazw i ich desygnatów w danych językach słowiańskich, a czasem nazwy takie stanowią false friends.
Negation raising and mood. A corpus-based study of Polish sądzić ‘think’ and wierzyć ‘believe’
Authors: Trawiński Beata
Published: January 2022

The paper describes the distribution of two negation raising predicates in Polish: sądzić ‛think’ and wierzyć ‛believe’ in the National Corpus of Polish with a particular focus on their morphosyntax and the mood of their clausal complements. The aim was to examine whether there are any correlations between these two parameters, and to what extent negation raising with those verbs exhibits performative features (in terms of Prince, 1976). The results of the study support the performative approach to negation raising as per Prince (1976) only for cases with subjunctive complements. The corpus findings further imply that Polish negation raising predicates encode two different degrees of (un)certainty concerning the truth of the embedded proposition depending on the mood of their complements. Structures with indicative complements express weaker uncertainty than structures with subjunctive complements.
Bizneswoman, biznesmenka, kobieta biznesu, przedsiębiorczyni czy kobieta przedsiębiorcza? Nazewnictwo kobiet związanych z biznesem we współczesnym dyskursie publicznym
Authors: Smoleń-Wawrzusiszyn Magdalena
Published: January 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza wariantywnych jednostek nazewniczych występujących we współczesnym dyskursie publicznym i odnoszących się do kobiet działających w biznesie. Celem analiz jest wyjaśnienie przyczyn istniejącej wariancji w perspektywie językowej (systemowo-stylistycznej) i pozajęzykowej (polityczno-społeczno-kulturowej). Badania kontekstów funkcjonowania analizowanych jed- nostek przeprowadzono na materiale pozyskanym z kwerend słownikowo-korpusowych oraz z ekscerpcji własnej. Ze względu na dyskursywne uwikłanie osobowych nazw żeńskich osobnej weryfikacji poddano narracje komunikacyjne środowisk kobiecych. Przedstawiona dyskusja skłania do następujących wniosków: 1) obecna w dyskursie publicznym wariantywność analizowanych jednostek jest efektem przemian w języku i komunikacji uwarunkowanych czynnikami kulturowo-społecznymi po przełomie 1989 roku oraz po przyłączeniu Polski do UE w 2004 roku; 2) istniejące nazewnicze rozwiązania alternatywne to wynik zarówno różnych typów i etapów procesu adaptacji anglicyzmu businesswoman w polszczyźnie przy jednoczesnej konkurencji ze strony rodzimych form, jak i sprzężenia tych zjawisk ze zmianami komunikacji kobiecych środowisk biznesowych; 3) wybory nazewnicze mają uzasadnienie stylistyczne i dyskursywne; 4) najnowsza w badanym zbiorze jednostka kobieta przedsiębiorcza staje się jedną z językowych manifestacji biznesowej emancypacji Polek.
Socjolingwistyczny wymiar komunikacji medycznej w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego
Authors: Oczko Paulina
Published: January 2022

Artykuł stanowi głos w dyskusji nad zagadnieniem kompetencji socjolingwistycznej w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego do celów specjalistycznych. Tekst ma charakter badawczy i przedstawia jedną z koncepcji dochodzenia do definicji kompetencji socjolingwistycznej. Przeprowadzone pogłębione analizy treści (stanu zastanego) podręczników do nauczania polszczyzny medycznej umieszczono w lingwa- i socjokulturowym nurcie badań lingwistycznych, natomiast kontekst funkcjonalny badanych materiałów lokuje prezentowane rozważania w obrębie specyfiki metodologicznej glottodydaktyki. Głównym celem jest diagnoza świadomości autorów i twórców materiałów do nauczania polskiego języka medycznego pod kątem konieczności rozwijania kompetencji socjolingwistycznej w komunikacji medycznej. W wymiarze poznawczym celem staje się poszerzenie wiedzy w zakresie rozwijania kompetencji socjolingwistycznej w nauczaniu języków specjalistycznych na przykładzie języka medycznego. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono ujęcia teoretyczne kompetencji socjolingwistycznej w nauczaniu języka do celów ogólnych i zawodowych. W drugiej części zaprezentowano koncepcje autorów dotyczące obecności komponentu socjolingwistycznego w materiałach do nauczania polskiego języka medycznego. W części trzeciej skonfrontowano te koncepcje ze stanem rzeczywistym i zawartością podręczników. Analiza materiałów glottodydaktycznych pozwoliła wskazać najczęściej używane techniki służące kształceniu umiejętności socjolingwistycznych, którym poświęcono część czwartą artykułu. Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz wykazały, że w przeważającej większości podręczników autorzy nie akcentują wyraźnie kompetencji socjolingwistycznej w opisie celów nauczania polskiego języka medycznego, choć w samych materiałach podręcznikowych komponent socjolingwistyczny jest obecny w mniejszym bądź większym stopniu. Do słabych punktów analizowanych materiałów można zaliczyć prezentowanie wyłącznie sytuacji dialogowych lekarz – pacjent, a z pominięciem komunikacji w sytuacjach lekarz – rodzina pacjenta, lekarz – lekarz, lekarz – personel medyczny. To powoduje, że komponent socjolingwistyczny nie jest w pełni przedstawiony osobie uczącej się. Natomiast zaletą podręczników w zakresie aspektu socjolingwistycznego okazuje się zaprezentowanie licznych form powitań, zwrotów adresatywnych oraz zwrotów grzecznościowych. Problem badawczy zasygnalizowany w artykule nie wyczerpał omawianego zagadnienia, daje jednak asumpt do kolejnych badań zorientowanych socjolingwistycznie.
Tungus-Manchu Traditional Beliefs. Part 2: Zoomorphic Complex
Authors: Sem T. Y.
Published: January 2022

This article describes the zoomorphic complex of Tungus-Manchu beliefs refl ected in mythology, ritual practices, shamanism, and decorative and applied arts. Those beliefs are regarded as a coherent whole within the cultural system. The typology of the zoomorphic complex shows that the key fi gures were the serpent-dragon, the deer, the bear, and the tiger. In traditional worldviews and rituals, they were related to cosmogony, ancestor cult, hunting and fi shing rituals, healing, and initiation shamanic complexes. The semantics of animal images depended on their place in the cultural system, religious ritual, and artistic communication. Comparative analysis demonstrates both ethno-cultural specifi city and universal archetypal characteristics, as well as connection with ancient regional beliefs. The Tungus- Manchu zoomorphic complex originated within the East Asian traditions, having been infl uenced by cultures such as the Old Chinese, Korean, and Jurchen.
International legal problems of extradition in the united states:theory and practice
Authors: Karpovich Oleg G.
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Russia consistently supports the return of interstate cooperation to the framework of generally recognized principles and norms of international law with the central coordinating role of the United Nations. Russia insists on stopping the "hunting" of American special services for Russian citizens in third countries, returning them to their homeland, who were sentenced to long terms of imprisonment in the United States under far-fetched pretexts. It is necessary to correct the problems artificially created by Washington with cooperation on legal assistance, to normalize the conditions for the functioning of our diplomatic and consular institutions in the United States.
Network architecture of the calibration benchof thermal imaging and spectral devicesfor monitoring high-temperature synthesis of materials
Authors: Dolmatov Alexey V.
Published: January 2022

The work is devoted to changing the structure of the software of the temperature calibration stand for organizing interaction with networked intelligent devices for spectral and thermal imaging control. On the basis of.Net technology and the C # programming language, a network service of the PSH-2035 source was created, which controls the current of the TRU-1100-2350 model temperature lamp. The service translates network messages with temperature values ​​in ASCII commands of the source with the corresponding lampcurrent level and sends them for execution via the RS-232 interface. The reverse conversion allows the network client to obtain information about the current state of the lamp. The transfer of messages between the network service and the client is carried out using a unique protocol based on TCPtransport. The server side of the software uses the MySQL DBMS as an operator for a structured storage of batch jobs and a temperature lampoperation log, synchronizes its own computing platform with the world time system via the NTPprotocol and provides a GUID to a calibrated smart device for consistent identification of records in specialized databases. The stand software supports the multicast protocol for the simultaneous calibration of several devices.
Development of a virtual reality simulatorreplacing the check valve on christmas tree
Authors: Safonov Egor I. , Parunov Danil A. , Sinyagin Alexander D.
Published: January 2022

The article describes the stages of the process of creating a virtual reality simulator using the example of a standard operating procedure for replacing a check valve on a Christmas tree. A brief overview of the Christmas tree arrangement and an analysis of the stages of the check valve replacement are described. A short algorithm has been developed based on 11 out of 16 implemented stages. The choice of hardware platform and software is substantiated. Using the Christmas tree as an example, the processes of creating a three-dimensional model and unfolding textures in the three-dimensional editor 3ds Max, creating color maps, reflection and texture normals in the graphical editor Substance Painter are described. The process of creating a landscape in the Unity3D environment is described. Oculus Integration and VR TK assets were used in the development of the main scripts.
Patrimonio arquitectónico tradicional en el departamento del Magdalena. Análisis a partir de valoraciones colectivas
Authors: Larios Giraldo Paola Milena
Published: January 2022

El presente documento plantea una caracterización de la arquitectura tradicional en el Departamento del Magdalena, a partir de cinco valoraciones colectivas propuestas de acuerdo a elementos comunes, bien sea a nivel de técnicas constructivas, relación con el medio natural circundante, origen étnico, eventos históricos y socioeconómicos vinculantes o por valores simbólicos determinados por la comunidad de cada municipio. La información fue recolectada a través de inventarios de patrimonio siguiendo una metodología mixta, que abarca elementos de análisis y estudio de bienes culturales inmuebles, como lineamientos para documentación de patrimonio cultural inmaterial.
Yunus Emre’yle Sohbet Üstüne
Authors: ERKAL Abdulkadir
Published: January 2022

Tasavvufi litertürde çok derin anlamları olan sohbet, genel anlamıyla ‘kısa süre de olsa birlikte olmak anlamında Arapça bir sözcüktür. Genel olarak ise ‘arkadaşlık edip ünsiyet kurmak, bedenle ya da gönülle uzun süre beraberlik hali, dinî veya dünyevî konuların konuşulduğu toplantı’ gibi manalarda kullanılır. Tasavvufta sohbetin ayrı bir yeri ve önemi vardır. Yaygın olarak, şeyhin ya da âlimin sözlerini dinlemek üzere düzenlenen toplantılara sohbet denir. Bundan dolayı özellikle mutasavvıf şairler eserlerinde sohbetin adabına ve önemine yönelik ifadelere sık yer vermişlerdir. Yunus Emre de şiirlerinde sohbet’e ve sohbetin önemi ve işlevine yönelik duygu ve düşüncelerine sıklıkla yer vermiştir. Bu çalışmada Yunus Emre’nin şiirlerinde yer alan sohbet metaforu detaylı olarak incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Milletleşme Sürecinde Yunus Emre Yorumları
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Serdar
Published: January 2022

Türk tasavvuf edebiyatının en önemli şahsiyetlerinden biri kabul edilen Yunus Emre, Anadolu’da halk arasında şiirleri vasıtasıyla bilinmekle birlikte, bilim âleminde ve diğer çevrelerde daha çok Fuad Köprülü’nün çalışmaları sayesinde tanınmaya başlamıştır. Daha sonraki yıllarda Köprülü’nün mirası üzerinden şekillenen Yunus Emre ile ilgili hem bilimsel hem popüler açıdan pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır. Yunus Emre’nin tarihî ve efsanevî şahsiyetini ortaya koyma amacını taşıyan ve şiirlerinin tespiti ve incelenmesine dayanan bu çalışmalarda, birbirinden oldukça farklı görüşler ileri sürülmüştür. Söz konusu çalışımlarda birbirine tezat teşkil eden birçok Yunus Emre portresi kurgulandığı da görülmektedir. Nitekim kimi araştırıcılar onu İslami dönem Türk kültürü dairesi içinde oluşan tasavvuf edebiyatının en önemli mutasavvıf şairleri arasında değerlendirirken; kimi araştırıcılar ise çağlar ötesinden günümüze seslenen, hümanist bir şair veya sınıf eksenli çatışmada rol alan bir temsilci olarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Aynı zamanda millî kimlik ve edebiyat kanonu oluşturulması sırasında Yunus Emre’nin millî bir veli olarak değerlendirildiğini söylemek mümkündür. Günümüzde de gerek popüler yayınlarda gerekse çeşitli kültür odaklı alanlarda üretilen eserlerde bu türden yaklaşımların sürdüğü görülmektedir. Bu makalede Yunus Emre ile ilgili üretilen yorumların millî kimlik tasarımındaki farklı yönelişlere bağlı olarak çeşitlendiğini öne sürülmekte ve özellikle milliyetçi yaklaşım ile hümanist yaklaşım değerlendirilmektedir.
Indeks massa tubuh berhubungan dengan angka kejadian katarak
Authors: Pangestu Tania Callista Maheswari , Kartadinata Erlani
Published: January 2022

Diperkirakan sebanyak 42% kasus kebutaan di dunia yang disebabkan oleh katarak berasal dari Asia Tenggara. Katarak ditandai dengan kekeruhan pada lensa mata dan penglihatan menjadi buram. Salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi terjadinya katarak adalah indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Indeks massa tubuh yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan stress oksidatif yang dipicu oleh kadar leptin yang tinggi. Prevalensi katarak yang ditemukan pada kategori overweight adalah 23% dan pada kategori obesitas didapatkan sekitar 34%. Pada indeks massa tubuh yang rendah dikaitkan dengan penurunan glutathione khususnya pada nukleus lensa. Terdapat penelitian yang menunjukan indeks massa tubuh memiliki hubungan dengan terjadinya katarak. Penelitian lainnya menyatakan indeks massa tubuh tinggi khususnya obesitas memiliki hubungan terjadinya katarak dengan prevalensi (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.24–1.81), (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.31–177) dan (OR 4.64, 95% CI 2.8889–7.440). Sedangkan terdapat penelitian lain yang menyatakan tidak ada hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh tinggi dengan terjadinya katarak dengan prevalensi (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.80—1.40) dan (OR1.45, 95%CI 1.26–1.66) dibandingkan dengan kelompok underweight. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah terdapat hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh, khususnya pada kategori obesitas terhadap terjadinya katarak. Pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan agar terhindar terjadinya katarak adalah dengan mengontrol berat badan.
Conjunctival choristoma in an adolescent
Authors: Gupta Mayank , Dubey Trupti , Khan Rinaz , Nema Nitin
Published: January 2022

Conjunctival choristoma presents as a painless epibulbar mass comprising epidermal and dermal tissues. Histopathological evidence helps to establish the diagnosis. The tumor manifests in childhood, nonetheless, it may also be seen in adolescents.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 8, no. 3, mayo 1981
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: January 2022

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Solar Power Analysis Under Varying Environmental Condition Using Solar Emulator
Authors: Garg Anjali
Published: January 2022

The current situation of fast depleting non-renewable resources and excessive damage done to mother earth due to severe mechanization and industrialization has resulted in alarming rate of pollutions. The one-word answer for it is that we should start harnessing renewable resources of energy. Tapping sun’s energy is a wonderful and apt answer to the current situation of energy requirement. World over this technology is worked upon to make use of sun’s energy easy to be converted into usable energy form i.e. electricity. The research work being carried on in varied fields however to mention one such aspect of solar panels is irradiance -receiving and capturing powers. Along with the irradiance, the area of a panel which is exposed to sun, the daytime and location are some of the factors affecting the amount of power generated using solar power as generating source. From research point of view, to analyze the effect of variation of these parameters, it is difficult to get the analysis data using solar panels and hence now a day’s emulator is preferred and used for research purposes. This paper focuses on the basics of emulator, its structure, functioning, effect of various parameter variations on the analysis of the generated power and other related benefits using emulator. The paper also presents the effect of partial shading on the maximum power generated and the efficiency hence obtained. The performance analysis is done on an Experimental set up fabricated in Research lab.
Modeling and Estimation of Cumulative Abnormal Return using VECM
Authors: Ambarwati Sri , Sudarmaji Eka , Masrio Herlan , Nasip Ismiriati
Published: January 2022

This paper examined how firm-level idiosyncratic risk varies over time. It affected initial public offering (IPO) in the presence of pump-and-dump and flipping trends during the early trading of IPO stocks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The paper used the IPO data taken from 181 companies during the year 2015-2019. It revisited the relationship between Cumulative Abnormal Return thirty-days (CAR30D) and Cumulative Abnormal Return five-days (CAR5D) and the Characteristics (IPO Floating shares, IPO Fund and Price) and Macroeconomics Condition (Inflation rate). It also used the cointegration analysis and VECM model. The paper found that Both LnFloat and LnPrice had causal evidence in the long-run causality or short-run with Cumulative Abnormal Return thirty days (CAR30D). We also noted that idiosyncratic risk exposure depends on IPO characteristics. It was crucial for firms going public in hot-issue markets, undervalued IPOs, and high idiosyncratic-risk issues. The model suggested that those series should cointegrate firstly. However, the variable of LnIPOFund had causal evidence in the short-run causality only.