bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downscaling and Merging of Daily Scale Satellite Precipitation Data in the Three River Headwaters Region Fused with Cloud Attributes and Rain Gauge Data
Authors: Xu Chi , Liu Chuanqi , Zhang Wanchang , Li Zhenghao , An Bangsheng
Published: March 2023

Complex terrain, the sparse distribution of rain gauges, and the poor resolution and quality of satellite data in remote areas severely restrict the development of watershed hydrological modeling, meteorology, and ecological research. In this study, based on the relationship between cloud optical and physical properties and precipitation, a daily geographically weighted regression (GWR) precipitation downscaling model was constructed for the Three Rivers Source region, China, for the period from 2010 to 2014. The GWR precipitation downscaling model combined three different satellite precipitation datasets (CMORPH, IMERG, and ERA5) which were downscaled from a coarse resolution (0.25° and 0.1°) to a fine resolution (1 km). At the same time, the preliminary downscaling results were calibrated and verified by employing the geographic difference analysis (GDA) and geographic ratio analysis (GRA) methods combined with rainfall data. Finally, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy weight method (EW) were adopted to fuse the three downscaled and calibrated satellite precipitation datasets into the merged satellite precipitation dataset (MSP), which provides a higher quality of data (CC = 0.790, RMSE = 2.189 mm/day, and BIAS = 0.142 mm). In summary, the downscaling calibration and precipitation fusion scheme proposed in this study is suitable for obtaining high-resolution daily precipitation data in the Three Rivers Source region with a complex climate and topography.
The Hydraulic Connection Analysis of Dongying Geothermal Fluid Using Hydrochemical Information and Isotope Data in Tianjin Coastal Regions
Authors: Liu Jiulong , Han Shuangbao , Yang Fengtian , Yue Dongdong
Published: March 2023

Dongying’s Paleogene geothermal resources are an important part of the geothermal resources of the Tianjin coastal region. The extent of the geothermal fluid resources and the supply relationship have become increasingly important, and will determine whether demand targets can be met. Dongying’s Paleogene formation in the Tianjin coastal regions is widely distributed to the east of the Cangdong fracture, but it is absent west of the Cangdong fracture. On the basis of introducing the geological characteristics and depositional characteristics of the Dongying formation, we analyzed the hydraulic conductivity of the Cangdong fracture to the Dongying formation geothermal reservoir from the aspects of geological condition, dynamic of groundwater level and hydrologic geochemistry. Based on the hydrochemical information and the isotope data gained during the water quality evaluation and isotope data analysis process, we discovered the main chemical composition, hydrogen and oxygen isotope data and geothermal fluid age are significantly different between the Dongying formation geothermal reservoir and the overlying and underlying geothermal reservoirs. It is inferred that the hydraulic conductivity of the Cangdong fracture to the Dongying formation geothermal reservoir in this area is weak, and along the Haihe fracture, where the Haihe fracture intersects with the Cangdong fracture, there is a certain hydraulic conductivity. In addition, there is no obvious hydraulic connection between the Dongying formation and the upper and lower geothermal reservoirs.
Improving Groundwater Imputation through Iterative Refinement Using Spatial and Temporal Correlations from In Situ Data with Machine Learning
Authors: Ramirez Saul G. , Williams Gustavious Paul , Jones Norman L. , Ames Daniel P. , Radebaugh Jani
Published: March 2023

Obtaining and managing groundwater data is difficult as it is common for time series datasets representing groundwater levels at wells to have large gaps of missing data. To address this issue, many methods have been developed to infill or impute the missing data. We present a method for improving data imputation through an iterative refinement model (IRM) machine learning framework that works on any aquifer dataset where each well has a complete record that can be a mixture of measured and input values. This approach corrects the imputed values by using both in situ observations and imputed values from nearby wells. We relied on the idea that similar wells that experience a similar environment (e.g., climate and pumping patterns) exhibit similar changes in groundwater levels. Based on this idea, we revisited the data from every well in the aquifer and “re-imputed” the missing values (i.e., values that had been previously imputed) using both in situ and imputed data from similar, nearby wells. We repeated this process for a predetermined number of iterations—updating the well values synchronously. Using IRM in conjuncture with satellite-based imputation provided better imputation and generated data that could provide valuable insight into aquifer behavior, even when limited or no data were available at individual wells. We applied our method to the Beryl-Enterprise aquifer in Utah, where many wells had large data gaps. We found patterns related to agricultural drawdown and long-term drying, as well as potential evidence for multiple previously unknown aquifers.
Energy Balance, Water Demand, and Crop Coefficient of Acid Lime in the Oriental Amazon
Authors: Silva Junior Alberto Cruz da , Souza Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de , Sousa Denis de Pinho , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , Silva Carina Melo da , Silva Carolina Melo da , Nunes Hildo Giuseppe Garcia Caldas , Lima Marcus José Alves de , Sousa Adriano Marlisom Leão de , Pinto João Vitor de Nóvoa , Ruivo Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro , Alves José Darlon Nascimento , Conceição Heráclito Eugênio Oliveira da
Published: March 2023

Energy and water dynamics are crucial for citrus development in the Eastern Amazon. This study aimed to determine the energy balance, water demand, and crop coefficient of acid lime in the northeast region of Pará. A micrometeorological tower was installed in the center of the experimental area to monitor meteorological variables between October 2020 and December 2021. The energy balance and water demand were obtained by the Bowen ratio method. Kc was determined by the ratio between crop and reference evapotranspiration. The results obtained indicate that 63% of the available energy was used by latent heat in the rainiest period, while 60% was used during the less rainy period. Sensible heat used 32% and 34% during the most and least rainy periods, respectively. Soil heat presented a low variation, with an average of 5% for the entire period. Water consumption of the acid lime during the experiment was 1599 mm, with a daily mean of 3.70 mm day−1, while the mean value of Kc was 1.4. These results allow for the design of adequate water supply protocols for the crop in the main citrus pole in the Amazon region.
The Impact of Organic and Intensive Agricultural Activity on Groundwater and Surface Water Quality
Authors: Česonienė Laima , Šileikienė Daiva , Čiteikė Laura , Mozgeris Gintautas , Takayoshi Koike
Published: March 2023

The poor condition of surface water is still a problem in many countries, including Lithuania. To assess the impact of organic agricultural production on groundwater and surface water quality in Lithuania, surface water samples from rivers and other bodies of water are usually studied, leaving the properties of groundwater in agricultural fields unknown. Samples of river water and groundwater collected from both organic and intensive farming fields bordering the studied rivers were investigated in this study. The study was conducted on five rivers located in the Nemunas River Basin District and in 23 cultivated neighboring fields, where wells were drilled 4–5 m deep for groundwater sampling. All five rivers corresponded to the values of good and very good in terms of their ecological status, according to the values of PO4-P and NH4-N. According to the total P value, one river did not correspond to the values of good or very good ecological status. According to the total N value, four rivers did not meet the values of good or very good ecological status. We found that, with the exception of one farm, the pH, total P, total N, and NO3-N, as well as the concentrations of NH4-N and PO4-P, in the groundwater from organic farms were lower compared to the groundwater from intensive farming areas. This suggests the importance of ground water sampling in addition to surface water surveys in water quality studies related to agricultural production.
Multi-Actor Systems in Water–Energy Nexus: Identifying Critical Stakeholders in Floatovoltaic (Floating Photovoltaic) Project
Authors: Sianipar Corinthias P. M. , Chao Yi-Meng , Hoshino Satoshi
Published: March 2023

The intrinsic relation between water and energy has made the water–energy nexus a burgeoning issue in the discussion of sustainable development. Recently, research has begun to pay attention to stakeholders in the nexus. They, however, identified stakeholders as a given without employing methodically scientific processes with rigorous parameters. Filling in the gap, this study presents a heuristic approach to identifying critical stakeholders of multi-actor systems in the water–energy nexus. It involves three sources of influence (social roles, specific concerns, and key problems) along with four other boundary issues (motivation, control, knowledge, legitimacy), forming a matrix of the boundary categories of Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH). This study applied the heuristic analysis to the project of floating photovoltaics installed in a pond in Hyogo, Japan, as the case study. It is a unique case of the water–energy nexus since the location of the floatovoltaic installation is a privately owned pond that is also part of the public landscape and an irrigation source for the surrounding agricultural areas. The results identified two macrogroups of stakeholders (residents and project developers) driven by general interests in the project. They were derivable as overlapping micro-actors interested in more specific issues related to different facets of the project. Overall, conflicting interests in the multi-actor systems indicated deadlocked interactions due to a multidirectional tug-of-war between the microgroups of actors. Conceptually, this study significantly contributes to the literature on the water–energy nexus and stakeholder management. Practically, the approach used offers scientific processes to understand the multi-actor systems and conflicting interests involved in/affected by the nexus, paving the way for more comprehensive resolution processes of water–energy conflicts.
Geo-Environmental Models of In-Situ Leaching Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits in North China: A Review and Perspective
Authors: Zheng Fuxin , Teng Yanguo , Zhai Yuanzheng , Hu Jingdan , Dou Junfeng , Zuo Rui
Published: March 2023

Since the 1990s, sandstone-type uranium in the northern basin of China has become the main target for mining. Uranium mining can cause a series of impacts on the environment. A conceptual model of the geo-environment for sandstone-type uranium in northern China was described, which covers the changes in the geo-environmental characteristics in the natural state, in the mining process, during decommissioning and after treatment. Sandstone-type uranium is mainly distributed in the Songliao, Erlian, Ordos, Turpan–Hami and Ili Basins, which have arid climates and poor stratum permeability. Pitchblende is the main uranium-bearing mineral and is associated with iron, copper, coal, organic matter and other minerals. The mineral often has a low ore grade (0.01–1.0%) and high carbonate content (2–25%). Uranyl carbonate accounts for more than 90% of the total uranium in groundwater. The uranyl content is closely related to the TDS. The TDS of groundwater in the eastern and central ore belts is usually lower than 2 g/L, while in the western region, such as Xinjiang, it can exceed 10 g/L. In situ leaching (ISL) is the main mining method that results in groundwater pollution. Acid leaching leads to a pH decrease (<3), and heavy metals represented by U and Fe exceed the background values by hundreds of times, resulting in groundwater pollution. CO2 leaching is more environmentally friendly, and the excess ions are usually Ca2+, Mg2+, NO3− and HCO3−. Soil chemical anomalies originate mostly from wind erosion and precipitation leaching of decommissioned tailings. Uranium pollution is mainly concentrated within 20 cm of the surface, and the exceedance generally varies from two to 40 times. During ISL, a series of environmental measures will be taken to prevent pollution from being exposed to the surface. After treatment, the decommissioned uranium mines will likely have no impact on the surrounding environment. In the future, the protection of groundwater should be strengthened during production, and remediation methods based on electrokinetic, microbial and permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology should be further researched.
A Field Experiment for Tracing Lateral Subsurface Flow in a Post-Glacial Hummocky Arable Soil Landscape
Authors: Ehrhardt Annelie , Koszinski Sylvia , Gerke Horst H.
Published: March 2023

Lateral subsurface flow (LSF) is a phenomenon that is widely occurring including the hummocky ground moraine landscape. Due to the heterogeneous structure of the subsurface, transport times of pesticides and nutrients from agricultural areas to adjacent water bodies are difficult to assess. Here, LSF at Luvisol and Regosol plots of an experimental field were studied by applying potassium bromide along a 10 m trench below the plow pan in October 2019. The soil solution was collected in suction cups 3 m downslope of the trench and in April 2021, the soil was sampled down to 1 m depth. Almost no bromide was found in the soil solution except for the 160 cm depth of the Regosol plot after a 541 day period. After the same time, bromide was observed in the 90 cm soil depth directly underneath the application trench of the Luvisol plot. A 3D reconstruction of the subsurface horizon boundaries of the Regosol revealed subsurface heterogeneities such as sand lenses that might have been attributed to the heterogeneous subsurface flow pattern.
History of glorious traditions and achievements. 100th anniversary of the Izhevsk Medical College
Authors:   Autonomous professional educational institution of the Udmurt Republic ", Mylnikova N. A. ,   Republican Medical College named after the Hero of the Soviet Union F.A. Pushina of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic”, Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Russia
Published: March 2023

The centenary history of the creation and development of an educational institution is accompanied by glorious pages of achievements and established traditions. The article tells about the people who stood at the sources of the formation of medical knowledge in the Udmurt Republic, starting from the medical assistant's school and ending with a modern educational institution for the training of paramedical workers.
Experience in creating a digital educational environment in the Republican Medical College of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic
Authors:   Autonomous professional educational institution of the Udmurt Republic «Republican Medical College named after the Hero of the Soviet Union F. A. Pushina of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic», Myasnikova S. L. , Bogacheva O. Yu. ,   Autonomous professional educational institution of the Udmurt Republic «Republican Medical College named after the Hero of the Soviet Union F. A. Pushina of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic»
Published: March 2023

The article presents the experience of creating a digital educational environment in a college for all participants in the educational process. The availability of online educational services provides equal opportunities for students of all branches of the College to study, regardless of their location. Creating an electronic database of students, maintaining an electronic document flow of educational and educational-methodical activities, optimizes and automates the maintenance of accounting and reporting documentation for the activities of the College. Target. Optimization and ensuring the availability of educational activities, automation of workflow in the College through the digitalization of the learning process of students and educational and methodological activities of teachers. Results. Creation and use of programs Electronic timetable, Electronic journal, LMS Moodle platform for the implementation of programs using distance learning. Conclusion. The created content of the digital educational environment, including a database of students, an electronic timetable, an electronic journal, an electronic document management, creates convenience in the work of all participants in the educational process, and contributes to the effective management of educational activities.
The issue of patriotism is still relevant
Authors:   Autonomous professional educational institution of the Udmurt Republic «Republican Medical College named after the Hero of the Soviet Union F. A. Pushina of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic », Sizykh N. A.
Published: March 2023

The article highlights the issues of patriotic education of medical college students. Development of the volunteer movement. Volunteer activity is a condition for the formation of components of students' resilience, as it gives them the opportunity to fulfill themselves, gain life experience, show humane qualities and feel satisfaction from socially useful activities. In the process of volunteering, students — future doctors — have an organic combination of mercy and professional skills, which allows them to effectively engage in volunteering. Participation in volunteering forms students' readiness for independent decision-making, develops susceptibility to the problems of society. Target. Creation of conditions for the education of patriotic feelings of students by updating the forms, methods and techniques of pedagogical influence, the development of the student's personal culture, as the basis of his love for the Fatherland through participation in volunteer activities. Results. The volunteer squad, organized at the college level, has been developed to the level of regional participation. Conclusion. Thus, the ongoing work showed the need to organize and involve future medical workers in volunteer activities in order to solve the following tasks: unlocking the potential of volunteering for the professional development of a future employee; increasing the level of social activity of students in the process of practical solution of the needs of the population; formation of readiness for the implementation of volunteer activities.
Tie-cross acrylic external skeletal fixator: Technique and 13 cases
Authors: Yeşilovali Gökay , Çetinkaya Mehmet Alper
Published: March 2023

This study aims to describe a novel design of an acrylic external skeletal fixator (ESF) system for stabilizing epiphyseal/metaphyseal fractures with or without articular involvement and evaluate its efficiency in 13 cases. Client-owned five cats and eight dogs with epiphyseal/metaphyseal fractures were included in this study. Cross pins with or without a transcortical pin were included in "J" shaped acrylic ESF, and this novel technique was called the Tie-cross ESF. The functional use of the extremity was evaluated, and the joint range of motion was assessed and compared with the contralateral side. Radiographs were evaluated for bone healing and potential complications. The first use of the extremities changed from the day of surgery to the 3rd day. Fracture healing occurred in 35-69 days, and ESFs were removed. No persistent lameness was observed, and total functional recovery was provided in all cases. Fixation of epiphyseal and metaphyseal fractures can be challenging, especially when it involves the articular surface. Including cross-pins in an acrylic ESF (Tie-cross ESF) is useful and can be considered an alternative technique for stabilizing these fractures. This technique encourages the patient to use the extremity during the fracture healing and enables joint functions; therefore, additional physical therapy will not be necessary.
Investment in Virtual Digital Assets Vis-A-Vis Equity Stock and Commodity: A Post-Covid Volatility Analysis
Authors: Sharma Nishi , Rawat Shailika , Kaur Arshdeep
Published: March 2023

Virtual digital assets including cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens and decentralized financial asset have been initially used as an alternative currency but are currently being purchased as an asset and hedging instruments. Exponentially growing trading volume witnesses the growing inclination of investors towards these assets, and this calls for volatility analysis of these assets. In this reference, the present study assessed and compared the volatility of returns from investment in virtual digital assets, equity and commodity market. Daily closing prices of selected cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens and decentralized financial assets, stock indices and commodities have been analysed for the post-covid period. Since returns were observed to be heteroscedastic, autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic models have been used to assess the volatility. The results indicate a low correlation of commodity investment with all other investment opportunities. Also, Tether and Dai have been observed to be negatively correlated with stock market. This indicates the possibility of minimizing risk through portfolio diversification. In terms of average returns, virtual digital assets are discerned to be better options than equity stock or commodity yet the variance scenario of these investment avenues is not very rosy. The volatility parameters reveal that unlike commodity market, virtual digital assets have got a significant impact of external shocks in the short-run. Further, the long run persistency of shocks is observed to be higher for the UK stock market, followed by Ethereum, Tether and Dai. The present analysis is crucial as the decision about its acceptance as legal tender money is still sub-judice in some countries. The results are expected to provide insight to regulatory bodies about these assets.
Predicting Pilgrim and Visitor Satisfaction Through Using Smartphone Applications at Holy Sites During Covid-19
Authors: Aljuwaiber Abobakr , Elnagar Ahmed K.
Published: March 2023

This study aims to investigate the promotion of digital transformation in Umrah and Visitation through the management of smartphone applications (such as Tawakkalna and Nusuk) in light of COVID-19. The research measures the impact of digital transformation on visits during COVID-19, in light of the Kingdom's Vision 2030 statement, in terms of pilgrims’ and visitors’ satisfaction with the services provided in Madinah. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach to collect and analyse primary and secondary data as the basis for research findings. An electronic questionnaire was designed and distributed to pilgrims and visitors in Madinah. The study found a positive significant impact of digital transformation on visits during COVID-19 in light of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 statement and pilgrims’ and visitors’ satisfaction with the services provided to them. The study recommends that decision-makers and employers emphasize the need to use Smartphone applications in Hajj and Umrah visits even after the end of the Corona crisis. Applications were found to be critically important in limiting the spread of the virus. There is a need for continuous improvements in digital transformation in Hajj, Umrah and visits.
Вспышки численности диатомовых водорослей в неогеновых озерах Приморского края: причины и последствия
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Avramenko A. S. , Pushkar V. S. ,   Far East Geological Institute, FEB RAS, Vladivostok
Published: March 2023

Diatoms from three sections of siliceous organogenic deposits in the Southern Primorye, that reflect the high productivity of diatoms in the Miocene and Pliocene, were studied. Monodominant floras with Aulacoseira praegranulata var. praeislandica f. praeislandica in the Middle Miocene (western shore of Lake Khanka) and Pliocene (near the village of Terekhovka) deposits, as well as those with Staurosira venter in Late Pliocene (upper flow of the Sergeyevka River) have been exposed. This high productivity of diatoms might have been caused by the development of the dense lake-river system in the south of Primorye; the long vegetation season under the conditions of a monsoon climate with its mild winter, formed by that time; active volcanism with eruption products that were the source of substances necessary for the diatom valve formation.
ChatGPT for Computational Materials Science: A Perspective
Authors: Hong Zijian
Published: March 2023

ChatGPT has become a very popular artificial intelligence tool recently, with the ability to “chat” with human beings. It can perform some challenging tasks such as writing essays, coding, composing, painting, etc. While the roles of ChatGPT in helping with literature reviews and language editing have been widely debated, the potential applications of ChatGPT in computational materials science have yet to be discussed. Herein, we will briefly discuss 3 aspects that ChatGPT could potentially be applied for computational materials science, i.e., building structures, writing codes for specific scientific software, and preparing data visualization scripts. It is found that while ChatGPT can make some simple mistakes when trying to accomplish general tasks, it has the ability to learn from our words when interacting with us. Meanwhile, we should also pay attention to some problems such as the consistency of the output, hidden errors, and ethical concerns. We hope that this perspective will spur further interest in the potential applications of ChatGPT in computational materials science.
Explicitly Reconstructing RAMI-V Scenes for Accurate 3-Dimensional Radiative Transfer Simulation Using the LESS Model
Authors: Zhou Kun , Xie Donghui , Qi Jianbo , Zhang Zhixiang , Bo Xinyu , Yan Guangjian , Mu Xihan
Published: March 2023

Radiative transfer (RT) simulation based on reconstructed 3-dimensional (3D) vegetation scenarios can promote the validation and development of various retrieval algorithms to monitor the growing states of vegetation in large-scale, multi-angular, and multi-sensor ways. The radiation transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) has made great contributions to providing abstract and actual 3D vegetation scenarios, and to the benchmarking of RT models under developed evaluation systems. To date, RAMI has been updated to the fifth phase (RAMI-V). In this study, we try to implement explicit conversion from all the RAMI-V scenes to generic structural models in the Wavefront OBJ format. These reconstructed scenes are applied in the LESS RT model to probe the ability of its RT solvers to simulate all sorts of remote sensing observations and radiative budget, including the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF), albedo, fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by vegetation, and threshold hemispherical photograph (THP). BRF simulations fully explain angle effects as well as variation and robustness of the normalized difference vegetation index. Energy conservation is well validated between simulated absorption and albedo. The gap fraction derived from THP is analyzed in directional and total situations. In addition, this paper guides us how to simplify basic geometries and tune the illumination resolution (0.02 is optimal) to balance the simulation accuracy and efficiency. The generic structural models and reliable simulation results can be referenced by other RT models and retrieval algorithms.
Bioinspired Stretchable MXene Deformation-Insensitive Hydrogel Temperature Sensors for Plant and Skin Electronics
Authors: Wu Jun , Li Yinghui , Duan Shengshun , Wang Zhehan , Jing Xu , Lin Yucheng , Zhu Di , Lei Wei , Shi Qiongfeng , Tao Li
Published: March 2023

Temperature sensing is of high value in the wearable healthcare, robotics/prosthesis, and noncontact physiological monitoring. However, the common mechanic deformation, including pressing, bending, and stretching, usually causes undesirable feature size changes to the inner conductive network distribution of temperature sensors, which seriously influences the accuracy. Here, inspired by the transient receptor potential mechanism of biological thermoreceptors that could work precisely under various skin contortions, we propose an MXene/Clay/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) (MCP) hydrogel with high stretchability, spike response, and deformation insensitivity. The dynamic spike response is triggered by the inner conductive network transformation from the 3-dimensional structure to the 2-dimensional surface after water being discharged at the threshold temperature. The water discharge is solely determined by the thermosensitivity of PNIPAM, which is free from mechanical deformation, so the MCP hydrogels can perform precise threshold temperature (32 °C) sensing under various deformation conditions, i.e., pressing and 15% stretching. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated the applications in plant electronics for the real-time surface temperature monitoring and skin electronics for communicating between human and machines. Our research opens venues for the accurate temperature-threshold sensation on the complicated surface and mechanical conditions.
Health and Disease:Akkermansia muciniphila, the Shining Star of the Gut Flora
Authors: Xue Chen , Li Ganglei , Gu Xinyu , Su Yuanshuai , Zheng Qiuxian , Yuan Xin , Bao Zhengyi , Lu Juan , Li Lanjuan
Published: March 2023

Akkermansia muciniphila(A. muciniphila) has drawn much attention as an important gut microbe strain in recent years.A. muciniphilacan influence the occurrence and development of diseases of the endocrine, nervous, digestive, musculoskeletal, and respiratory systems and other diseases. It can also improve immunotherapy for some cancers.A. muciniphilais expected to become a new probiotic in addition toLactobacillusandBifidobacterium. An increase inA. muciniphilaabundance through direct or indirectA. muciniphilasupplementation may inhibit or even reverse disease progression. However, some contrary findings are found in type 2 diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases, where increasedA. muciniphilaabundance may aggravate the diseases. To enable a more comprehensive understanding of the role ofA. muciniphilain diseases, we summarize the relevant information onA. muciniphilain different systemic diseases and introduce regulators ofA. muciniphilaabundance to promote the clinical transformation ofA. muciniphilaresearch.
Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly for Efficient Fabrication of Biomedical Nanoplatforms
Authors: Zhao Xiaopeng , Sun Changrui , Xiong Fei , Wang Ting , Li Sheng , Huo Fengwei , Yao Xikuang
Published: March 2023

Amphiphilic copolymers can self-assemble into nano-objects in aqueous solution. However, the self-assembly process is usually performed in a diluted solution (<1 wt%), which greatly limits scale-up production and further biomedical applications. With recent development of controlled polymerization techniques, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has emerged as an efficient approach for facile fabrication of nano-sized structures with a high concentration as high as 50 wt%. In this review, after the introduction, various polymerization method-mediated PISAs that include nitroxide-mediated polymerization-mediated PISA (NMP-PISA), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization-mediated PISA (RAFT-PISA), atom transfer radical polymerization-mediated PISA (ATRP-PISA), and ring-opening polymerization-mediated PISA (ROP-PISA) are discussed carefully. Afterward, recent biomedical applications of PISA are illustrated from the following aspects, i.e., bioimaging, disease treatment, biocatalysis, and antimicrobial. In the end, current achievements and future perspectives of PISA are given. It is envisioned that PISA strategy can bring great chance for future design and construction of functional nano-vehicles.
Plasma Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Analysis of Alzheimer’s Disease Reveals Dysfunction of a Neural Correlation Network
Authors: Sun Yuzhe , Hefu Zhen , Li Benchao , Lifang Wang , Zhijie Song , Zhou Li , Deng Yan , Zhili Liu , Ding Jiahong , Li Tao , Zhang Wenwei , Chao Nie , Rong Shuang
Published: March 2023

Small extracellular vesicle (sEV) is an emerging source of potential biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in sEV is not well understood. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of sEV-derived miRNAs in AD using small RNA sequencing and coexpression network analysis. We examined a total of 158 samples, including 48 from AD patients, 48 from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 62 from healthy controls. We identified an miRNA network module (M1) that was strongly linked to neural function and showed the strongest association with AD diagnosis and cognitive impairment. The expression of miRNAs in the module was decreased in both AD and MCI patients compared to controls. Conservation analysis revealed that M1 was highly preserved in the healthy control group but dysfunctional in the AD and MCI groups, suggesting that changes in the expression of miRNAs in this module may be an early response to cognitive decline prior to the appearance of AD pathology. We further validated the expression levels of the hub miRNAs in M1 in an independent population. The functional enrichment analysis showed that 4 hub miRNAs might interact with a GDF11-centered network and play a critical role in the neuropathology of AD. In summary, our study provides new insights into the role of sEV-derived miRNAs in AD and suggests that M1 miRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and monitoring of AD.
Characterizing Cellular Differentiation Potency and Waddington Landscape via Energy Indicator
Authors: Li Hanshuang , Long Chunshen , Hong Yan , Luo Liaofu , Zuo Yongchun
Published: March 2023

The precise characterization of cellular differentiation potency remains an open question, which is fundamentally important for deciphering the dynamics mechanism related to cell fate transition. We quantitatively evaluated the differentiation potency of different stem cells based on the Hopfield neural network (HNN). The results emphasized that cellular differentiation potency can be approximated by Hopfield energy values. We then profiled the Waddington energy landscape of embryogenesis and cell reprogramming processes. The energy landscape at single-cell resolution further confirmed that cell fate decision is progressively specified in a continuous process. Moreover, the transition of cells from one steady state to another in embryogenesis and cell reprogramming processes was dynamically simulated on the energy ladder. These two processes can be metaphorized as the motion of descending and ascending ladders, respectively. We further deciphered the dynamics of the gene regulatory network (GRN) for driving cell fate transition. Our study proposes a new energy indicator to quantitatively characterize cellular differentiation potency without prior knowledge, facilitating the further exploration of the potential mechanism of cellular plasticity.
Pseudospectral Convex Programming for Free-Floating Space Manipulator Path Planning
Authors: Li Danyi , Li Yinkang , Liu Xu , Yang Bin , Huang Xuxing , Yang Yong , Wang Bingheng , Li Shuang
Published: March 2023

To efficiently plan the point-to-point path for a 7-degrees-of-freedom (7-DOF) free-floating space manipulator system, a path planning method based on Legendre pseudospectral convex programming (LPCP) is proposed. First, the non-convex dynamics are approximated by utilizing the first-order Taylor expansion in the vicinity of the initial guess path, which results in a convex system. Next, the linearized dynamics are discretized at Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto collocation points to transcribe the differential equations to a set of equality constraints. To obtain a reliable initial guess trajectory, the auxiliary path planning problem of the 7-DOF space manipulator with a fixed base is initially resolved. Additionally, the penalty function method is introduced to enhance the convergence performance of the LPCP. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm in this paper can generate the point-to-point path and has higher computational efficiency than the general sequential convex programming method while ensuring optimality.
New Representative of the Family Hydroscaphidae from Tunguska Basin, the Boundary of the Permian and Triassic (Coleoptera, Myxophaga) with Review on Myxophagan Fossil Records
Authors: Kirejtshuk lexander G. , Prokin Alexander A. , Ponomarenk Alexander G.
Published: March 2023

Palaeoscapha tunguskaensisgen. et sp. nov., the oldest representative of the family Hydroscaphidae, is described from the Tunguska Basin in Siberia, dated from the boundary of the Permian and Triassic. It is assigned to the subfamily Triamyxinae, stat. nov. New diagnoses of the Hydroscaphidae and Triamyxinae are proposed. The new subfamily Leehermaniinae subfam. nov.(type genus Leehermania) is erected. The fossil record of the suborder Myxophaga is reviewed and revised with some taxonomic notes and synonymy of some generic and species names in the family Lepiceridae, known from Burmese amber. Different aspects of the evolutionary history of this suborder are discussed. A synonymy of Haplochelus and Lepiceratusis proposed.
Qualification uniforme de la notion d’infection nosocomiale
Authors: Augier-Francia Émeline
Published: March 2023

Au travers de cette solution la Cour de cassation reprend, à son compte, la définition de la notion d’infection nosocomiale traditionnellement consacrée par le Conseil d’État en acceptant, à titre extensif, que l’infection puisse avoir « une autre origine que la prise en charge ».
Indemnisation de la perte de chance de participer aux Jeux olympiques
Authors: Sabalot-Jungalas Romain
Published: March 2023

Selon le principe de réparation intégrale sans perte ni profit pour la victime, toute perte de chance ouvre droit à réparation. En cela, il n’est pas admissible de refuser à un athlète professionnel, l’indemnisation d’une perte de chance de participer aux Jeux olympiques, au seul motif que celui-ci n’ait pas démontré l’existence d’une chance « sérieuse » de pouvoir y participer.
Indemnisation confirmée d’une incidence professionnelle personnelle
Authors: Augier-Francia Émeline
Published: March 2023

Au travers de ces deux arrêts, la chambre criminelle de la Cour de cassation vient indiquer que le travail présente une dimension sociale, au-delà de son apport purement économique. En effet, la Haute juridiction confirme sa position et reconnait que l’incidence professionnelle personnelle (dimension extrapatrimoniale) peut être réparée par les magistrats du fond. Il ne fait plus de doute que l’exclusion du monde du travail est un préjudice indemnisable à titre autonome !
Indemnisation de la victime directe de terrorisme
Authors: Augier-Francia Émeline
Published: March 2023

Bien que cet arrêt n’ait pas eu l’honneur d’être mentionné dans le communiqué de la Cour de cassation, ses apports sont multiples et méritent d’être rappelés.
Passivation of cut edges of crystalline silicon by heat treatment in liquid water
Authors: Hasumi Masahiko , Sameshima Toshiyuki , Mizuno Tomohisa
Published: March 2023

We report on the effective passivation of cut edges of n-type (100) crystalline silicon by forming thin oxide layers achieved by heat treatment in liquid water at 90 °C for 2 h followed by heating in an air atmosphere at 300 °C for 1 h. The mechanical cut with the (110) oriented cleaved edge markedly decreased the photo-induced effective minority carrier lifetime τ
eff to 6.9 × 10−4 s, which was 0.22 times the initial value of 3.2 × 10−3 s, and which was maintained by the region 0.5 cm away from the edge. The present passivation treatment resulted in the reduction of τ
eff to 0.43, with τ
eff values of 4.0 × 10−4 s at the edge and 9.4 × 10−4 s at 0.2 cm from the edge. The analysis with a simple model of carrier diffusion in the lateral direction resulted in the recombination velocity at the cut edge, which was initially higher than 2000 cm s−1, being decreased to 50 cm s−1 by the present treatment, while the recombination velocity at the sample surface was increased from 8 (initial) to 46 cm s−1, probably due to the field-induced depletion effect.
Optical emission spectroscopy study in CO2 methanation with plasma
Authors: Toko Susumu , Hasegawa Taiki , Okumura Takamasa , Kamataki Kunihiro , Takenaka Kosuke , Koga Kazunori , Shiratani Masaharu , Setsuhara Yuichi
Published: March 2023

Methanation of CO2 is a key technology to realize a sustainable society. The reactions should be driven at a lower temperatures from the viewpoint of catalyst stability. Methanation with plasma catalysis can drive reactions at lower temperature than thermal catalysis. However, the reaction mechanism is little understood due to the complexity of the interactions. In this study, we investigated the power and pressure dependence of the methanation efficiency when only plasma is used as a fundamental research. We discuss how these parameters change the vibrational temperature and active species density and affect the methanation efficiency using optical emission spectroscopy.
El comentario de textos en lengua española para el acceso a la enseñanza media II
Authors:   Universidad de Cádiz, Crismán-Pérez Rafael , Ruiz Fernández Francisco ,   Universidad de Cádiz
Published: March 2023

El presente volumen es la continuación de una primera publicación acerca de cómo abordar el comentario de texto para la oposición al Cuerpo de Profesores de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria por la especialidad de Lengua Castellana y Literatura. Así pues, con estas dos publicaciones nos hemos propuesto acercarnos a este tipo de prueba desde la óptica universitaria. El principal motivo que nos ha movido a ello es la actual disociación que observamos entre el mundo académico universitario, esto es, sus contenidos formativos, y la aplicación de estos desde un punto de vista laboral. Si bien un grado académico y un máster tienen limitaciones obvias con respecto a la preparación formativa de sus alumnos, también pensamos que dicha preparación podría recalar un poco más en las posibilidades de inserción de estos, en especial en los estudios académicos reglados, que constituyen un pilar para el ejercicio de la docencia. Este libro pretende contribuir a rebajar el intervalo existente entre la Universidad y el acceso a la Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria, sin más ánimo que el de constituir una propuesta que sirva de guía a aquellos alumnos interesados en una formación específica para la superación de las oposiciones.
Core-Plasma Pattern Partnership Agreement with Micro-Small Business based on the Perspective of Competition Law
Authors: Tri Anggraini Anna Maria , Kerti Renti Maharaini , Sabirin Ahmad
Published: March 2023

Partnership agreements that aim to mutually benefit both parties, especially empowering micro and small businesses, often have unfavorable consequences for parties whose bargaining position is weak, so that the business competition authority is also given supervisory authority over the implementation of the agreement. The imbalance in bargaining position in this agreement is the reason for writing to raise the issue of understanding owning and/or controlling micro and small businesses according to the applicable regulations and how it is implemented in the nucleus plasma partnership scheme for the oil palm plantation sector. This normative research includes prescriptive research using secondary data which is analyzed qualitatively and concluded using deductive methods. The results of this study indicate that the notion of having is defined as ownership of equity or capital, while the term control focuses more on managerial control which ultimately has an impact on asset control. The partnership agreement contains several clauses that have the potential to own and/or control micro-small businesses according to Law 20/2008 jo. Law 11/2020, besides that, it also has the potential to violate the provisions or principles of unfair business competition. However, this potential violation is difficult for competition authorities to reach due to the absence of technical regulations that explain the meaning of owning and/or controlling micro and small businesses. Therefore, KPPU needs to prepare further regulations in the form of guidelines that explain the limitations.
DAILY DENGUE SEVERITY SCORE – IMPLICATIONS, BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS IN OUR SETTING
Authors: Pratihar Ruchi , Yadav Yogesh , Yadav Kavita , Prakash Chaitanya
Published: March 2023

Introduction- Dengue is associated with high morbidity & at times develops potentially fatal complication. Predicting
the outcome on the basis of clinical presentation alone is less reliable and complicated owing to variable
symptomatology. there is a need for developing and testing a scoring system, for the detection of complicated and severe dengue fever early in
the course of infection, to identify those children who may progress to DSS/DHF and succumb to disease subsequently & to triage sick patients
for early referral from primary and community health centers to higher center for intensive care management. This Material & methodsProspective observational study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics, SMS Medical College, Jaipur during January 2020 to September
2021. Sample size is calculated at 95 % condence interval expecting sensitivity of 86% using dengue severity score of more than equal to 12 in
the assessment of outcome of dengue severity among the dengue fever patients. An absolute allowable error of 15% and at prevalence of 17.4%
of severe dengue patients, the required sample size was 125 cases with dengue fever. Statistical analyses were done using computer software
(SPSS Trial version 23 and primer). if we use the critical cut off of DDS Results- S >10.5 on day 1 of hospital admission; it was a strong predictor
of mortality with p <0.001 and area under curve was 0.906 which is near 1. The sensitivity of score at this cutoff was 100% and specicity was
71.7%. The cutoff was chosen as 10.5 because at this cut off both sensitivity and specicity were reasonably high and below this score although
sensitivity remains 100% but specicity decreases i.e., false positive cases would increase and if cutoff is increased then specicity increases but
sensitivity decreases i.e., false negative increases. If cutoff was chosen at 16.5 sensitivity of score decreases to 83.3% but specicity increases to
85%. On cutoff of 22 sensitivity decreases to 50% and specicity increases to 90.3%. Conclusions- If critical cutoff more than 10.5 is used,
dengue shock syndrome can be predicted with specicity of 82.5% and sensitivity of 94.6%. If critical cutoff of more than 8.5 is used, prolonged
length of hospital stay can be predicted with sensitivity and specicity of 51.9% and 53.1% respectively. If critical cutoff of more than 11.5 is
used then organ dysfunction in dengue patients can be predicted with sensitivity of 78.9% and specicity of 89.7% respectively. If critical cutoff
of more than 10.5 is used then mortality in dengue patients can be predicted with sensitivity100% of and specicity of 71.7%