bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The legacy of Charles R. Drew, MD, CM, MDSc
Authors: Wilson B.A. , O’Connor W.G. , Willis M.S.
Published: May 2021

April 2011 marked the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the American Red Cross Blood Services (ARCBS). In this report, we present a biography of Dr. Charles Drew, the first medical director of the ARCBS. Although many may recognize Dr. Charles Drew for this position, the research and training that led him to be uniquely qualified to take this position may not be as well known. We present his professional training, his research on blood preservation and distribution, and his service to the larger medical community and country. Lastly, we address the many myths that have arisen over the years since his untimely death at the age of 45 on April 1, 1950, and present the legacy of Dr. Charles Drew that has largely been unknown to the greater medical and scientific community.
Immunohematology

2011;27:94–100.
Should we be screening for anti-Jsa?
Authors: Nikolis N.M. , Boctor F.N. , Heaton W.A. , Martone J.
Published: May 2021

We analyzed our historic patient database at North Shore University Hospital and determined both the overall frequency of anti-Jsaand the frequency at which it was detected in combination with other alloantibodies to red blood cell (RBC) antigens. Screening cells used currently are negative for Jsa. Our data suggest that anti-Jsawould not be detected in 30 to 40 percent of patients in which it is the sole antibody present. Since 1996 the antibody was only detected when other antibodies were found in the screening process. We are exposing 1.7 percent of our patients (90 patients/year) to Jsa. The clinical significance of anti-Jsais apparent with previous literature, and our conclusion is that additional studies should be performed to determine whether Jsashould be included in current antibody screening cells.
Immunohematology

2011;27:104–106.
Occurrence of antibodies to low-incidence antigens among a cohort of multiply transfused patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Jackson P.
Published: May 2021

Data from an immunohematology reference laboratory were compiled retrospectively to determine the occurrence of the formation of alloantibodies to low-incidence antigens associated with the African American population (AA-LIAs) among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The AA-LIAs under study were V, VS, Jsa, and Goa. The records from 137 recurrently transfused patients with SCD were selected on the basis of transfusion activity from the 2009 calendar year. We found that 13 patients (9.4996) exhibited one or more antibodies to AA-LIAs, and a total of 17 antibodies to these AA-LIAs have been developed by these patients. The occurrence of antibody formation to AA-LIAs is significantly greater than that of alloantibodies to low-incidence antigens in the general population. Considering the possibility of the presence of antibodies to AA-LIAs in multiply transfused patients with SCD is warranted.
Immunohematology 2011;27:143–145.
Determination of optimal method for antibody identification in a reference laboratory
Authors: Haywood J.R. , Moulds M.K.G. , Bryant B.J.
Published: May 2021

Methods commonly used for antibody identification are hemagglutination (tube), column agglutination (gel), and solid-phase red cell adherence. Our AABB immunohematology reference laboratory (IRL) conducted a study to determine which antibody identification testing method was optimal for detecting all clinically significant antibodies. Patient specimens were sent to our IRL from August 2008 to September 2009. Routine testing was performed by tube method and then by manual gel and manual solid-phase methods. Of the 254 samples tested, 115 showed agreement in antibody identification with all three methods. The tube method identified all but six clinically significant antibodies. The gel method did not identify 59 clinically significant antibodies. Fifty-six clinically significant antibodies were not identified by solid-phase testing. Tube testing identified 27 clinically insignificant antibodies, primarily cold autoantibodies. Gel and solid-phase methodologies identified two and three cold autoantibodies, respectively. Solid-phase testing failed to detect 12 examples of anti-K. No identifiable pattern of reactivity was found in 13 samples using gel testing compared with 6 for solid-phase and none for tube methodologies. Hemagglutination tube method was the best choice for our IRL because it missed the fewest number of clinically significant alloantibodies. Benefits also included the ability to use various potentiating factors, incubation times, and temperature phases to enhance antibody identification. The tube method provided critical data for determining antibody clinical significance.
Immunohematology

2011;27:146–150.
Role for serial prenatal anti-Vel quantitative serologic monitoring with 2-ME serum treatment during pregnancy: case report
Authors: Linz W.J. , Fueger J.T. , Allen S. , Johnson S.T.
Published: May 2021

Anti-Vel is an uncommon antibody to a high-prevalence antigen. Its clinical significance and management in the prenatal setting are not well characterized. We present a case that demonstrates the utility of serial prenatal anti-Vel quantitative serologic monitoring with 2-ME serum treatment during pregnancy. The patient is a 23-year-old Hispanic woman with history of prior pregnancy and prior transfusion who was discovered to have an antibody to the high-prevalence Vel antigen in the first trimester (week 7) of her second pregnancy. Interval measurements of the serologic antibody titers were performed during the next 26 weeks. The untreated serum (IgM and IgG) titer increased from a baseline of 4 to 16 during that interval, while the 2-ME (presumed IgG component) titer remained stable at 4. Responding to ultrasound findings suspicious for fetal anemia, the child was delivered without complications at 34 weeks’ gestation. At birth, the DAT was negative and there was no evidence of HDN. Placed in the context of other similar reports, this case demonstrates the importance of separately reporting the IgG fraction (after either DTT treatment or 2-ME treatment) from the untreated (IgM and IgG) fraction and the importance of correlating the treated serum titer with potential clinical significance.
Immunohematology 2010;26:08–10.
Alloimmunization to the D antigen by a patient with weak D type 21
Authors: McGann H. , Wenk R.E.
Published: May 2021

Antibodies of apparent D specificity may be found in D+ patients. We report a D+, multi-transfused Caucasian woman with myelodysplasia who exhibited several alloantibodies. One antibody was a moderately strong (2+) anti-D that persisted for 9 months, until the woman died. Molecular analysis of the patient’s RHD gene identified the rare weak D type 21 (938C>T) allele. D alloantibodies do not occur in patients with most weak D types, but some patients with a weak D phenotype, including those with type 21, can produce antibodies to nonself epitopes of the wild-type D antigen.
Immunohematology

2010;26:27–29.
Consortium for Blood Group Genes (CBGG): 2009 report
Authors: Denomme G.A. , Westhoff C.M , Castilho L.M. , St-Louis M. , Castro V. , Reid M.E.
Published: May 2021

The Consortium for Blood Group Genes is a worldwide organization whose goal is to have a vehicle to interact, establish guidelines, operate a profi ciency program, and provide education for laboratories involved in DNA and RNA testing for the prediction of blood group, platelet, and neutrophil antigens. Currently, the consortium operates with representatives from Brazil, Canada, and the United States. Membership is voluntary with the expectation that members actively contribute to discussions involving blood group genetics. This year witnessed a change in the standing committee membership and the institution of a representative for the human platelet antigens group. Looking forward, the consortium sees challenges for the nomenclature of blood group alleles and user-required specifi cations for laboratory information systems to store genotype information.
Immunohematology 2010;26:47–50.
Absence of hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn despite maternal high-titer IgG anti-Ku
Authors: Kakaiya R.M. , Whaley A. , Howard-Menk C. , Rami J. , Papari M. , Campbell-Lee S. , Malecki Z.
Published: May 2021

Anti-Ku seen in K0(Kell-null) individuals has previously been shown to cause severe hemolytic transfusion reactions. Maternal anti-Ku can cause none or moderate to severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). In two of four previously described HDFN cases, intrauterine transfusions were required because of severe anemia. We report a case in which maternal anti-Ku did not cause HDFN. Standard serologic methods were used for RBC antibody screening and identification, adsorption and elution of RBC antibodies, and antigen typing. A gravida 3, para 3 (G3P3) woman was first evaluated in 2006 and was found to have an IgG RBC antibody that reacted against all panel RBCs in the anti-human globulin phase. A panel of RBCs treated with DTT did not react with the antibody. The antibody failed to react with one example of K0 RBCs. The patient’s RBCs typed negative for the following Kell blood group antigens: KEL1, KEL2, KEL3, KEL4, KEL6, KEL7, KEL11, KEL13, and KEL18. These results established the presence of anti-Ku in maternal serum. The newborn was group A, D+ and required phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia, but did not require transfusion. The woman was seen again in January 2010 during the third trimester (G4P3). At this time, anti-Ku titer was 256. She delivered a healthy group O, D+ baby boy at 37 weeks’ gestation. Cord RBCs were 4+ for IgG by DAT. An eluate reacted with all RBCs tested, but did not react when tested against a panel of DTT-treated RBCs. K0phenotype is rare to begin with, and the maternal anti-Ku formation may require more than one pregnancy. Therefore, cases that can be evaluated for anti-Ku–related HDFN are rare. Our case contributes to serologic and clinical aspects of such rare cases.
Immunohematology

2010;26:119–122.
The pathophysiology and prevention of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI): a review
Authors: Mair D.C. , Eastlund T.
Published: May 2021

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a clinically important complication of transfusion that is often difficult to diagnose, is probably underreported, and likely has a multifactorial origin that is incompletely understood, making it challenging to find effective treatments and preventative steps. The spectrum of its severity and clinical symptoms seems wide, but its pathogenesis is most likely associated with pulmonary damage from activated recipient neutrophils. Despite the pathogenesis of TRALI being unclear, many severe cases are related to transfusion of donor WBC antibodies, and preventive measures based on avoiding donations by multiparous donors have been implemented at some sites, with early reports showing benefits. This review will address some of the questions surrounding the etiology of this potentially fatal reaction and how measures, predicated on many severe cases being related to transfusion of plasma from multiparous donors, led to preventive steps to avoid these donations.
Immunohematology

2010;26:161–73.
Comparison of gel test and conventional tube test for antibody detection and titration in D-negative pregnant women: study from a tertiary-care hospital in North India
Authors: Thakur M.K. , Marwaha N. , Kumar P. , Saha S.C. , Thakral B. , Sharma R.R. , Saluja K. , Dhawan H.K. , Jain A.
Published: May 2021

Conventional tube testing was used for antibody screening and titration in D– pregnant women in our hospital until the recent introduction of the gel test. In this study we assessed the sensitivity of the gel test in our setup and tried to establish a correlation between these tests for determining antibody titer. We collected 652 blood samples from 223 antenatal D– women during a span of 1 year. The samples were tested separately by the conventional tube technique and the gel test for antibody detection and titration. The tube test detected 84 (12.8%) positive samples as compared with 93 (14.2%) by gel test, indicating the latter to be more sensitive (p < 0.01). The gel test picked up weakly reactive anti-D that the tube test missed. We did not use any enhancing media such as LISS in titration studies performed by either method in an effort to establish a correlation. However, much higher titers (one- to fivefold) were obtained by the gel test with no clear correlation with the corresponding tube values. When comparing the titer values to the finding of hydrops on ultrasound and Liley’s chart OD reading on amniocentesis, a value of less than 128 (i.e., 64) by gel test corresponded to normal results. Through this study, we thus conclude that the gel test is more sensitive for antibody detection, although a linear correlation could not be established for titers. Clinical correlation may point toward a critical titer of 64 for the gel test, but further studies need to be done to support this finding.
Immunohematology

2010;26:174–77.
Minimal Zeeman field requirement for a topological transition in superconductors
Authors: Pöyhönen Kim , Varjas Daniel , Wimmer Michael , Akhmerov Anton
Published: May 2021

Platforms for creating Majorana quasiparticles rely on superconductivity and breaking of time-reversal symmetry. By studying continuous deformations to known trivial states, we find that the relationship between superconducting pairing and time reversal breaking imposes rigorous bounds on the topology of the system. Applying these bounds to s-wave systems with a Zeeman field, we conclude that a topological phase transition requires that the Zeeman energy at least locally exceed the superconducting pairing by the energy gap of the full Hamiltonian. Our results are independent of the geometry and dimensionality of the system.
The numerical development of MOC for analyzing the inclined pipelines using the experimental network of Babol Noshirvani University as a case study
Authors: Negharchi Saeid Mohammadzade , Shafaghat Rouzbeh
Published: May 2021

Despite the applications of the Method of Characteristics (MOC) for analyzing the unsteady flows, using this method in networks with variable elevations still has many challenges. In this paper, by developing modified correlations as a computer code, the possibility of analyzing inclined pipelines has been evaluated. For validation and calibration, the results of MOC were compared with the results of EPANET software as well as experimental data. To extract experimental data, the water network of Babol Noshirvani University of Technology (NIT) with a constant head of 7 m three loops, and four inclined branches were employed. While evaluating the capabilities of the developed computer code, the results show that for all pipes, as the number of pressure fluctuations in a specific period increases, the intensity of the pressure fluctuations decreases, and the damping speed increases as well. Moreover, in inclined pipes, unlike noninclined pipes, the intensity of pressure fluctuations will increase as the elevation increases and the cross-sectional distance from the transient event increases as well. The evaluation of the effect of space steps on the accuracy of the solution to the MOC shows that in the study network, considering 20 segments for each pipe, the fastest response time with an error of less than 1% is obtained.
Naturalized streamflows and Affluent Natural Energy projections for the Brazilian hydropower sector for the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios of the CMIP6
Authors: Silva Marx Vinicius Maciel da , Silveira Cleiton da Silva , Cabral Samuellson Lopes , Marcos Junior Antonio Duarte , Silva Greicy Kelly da , Sousa Lima Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Climate change projects an increase in extreme weather events in the coming decades, which could significantly affect Brazil's water and energy security. Thus, this study sought to analyze possible impacts of climate change on the projections of naturalized streamflows and Affluent Natural Energy (ANE) for the Brazilian hydropower sector utilizing five models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects version 6 (CMIP6), based on SSP-4.5 and SSP-8.5 scenarios for the 21st century. Naturalized streamflows for the 24 stations representing the National Interconnected System (NIS) were estimated through the concentrated hydrological model SMAP (Soil Moisture Accounting Procedure), while the streamflows for the other stations that comprise the NIS were obtained by linear regression. The streamflows, as well as the productivity of the reservoirs, were used to calculate the ANE. The results showed that most of the models project possible reductions in annual naturalized streamflows and ANE for the three periods analyzed and for the North, Northeast, and Southeast/Midwest sectors of Brazil. Meanwhile, the Northern and Southern sectors, for the period 2080–2099, most of the models indicated an increase of annual, precipitation, naturalized streamflows and ANE.
Trend and attribution analysis of water and sediment variations in sandy rivers
Authors: Wang Dangwei , Zhang Junhong , Deng Anjun , Jin Yong , Lei Tianjie , Wang Yuhai
Published: May 2021

Human activities and climate change have led to significant changes in the flow and sediment of sandy rivers in northern China. The key work to reveal the changes of river water and sediment conditions is to quantitatively study the changes of precipitation, water and soil conservation in river basins, and the effect of reservoirs on sediment containment. Taking the Yongding River as a case study, we analyze the changing trend of the water and sediment into the Yongding River and find that their amount has greatly decreased. In particular, the sediment yield has decreased by more than 90% and its trend has changed, and the turning point occurred in the 1980s. Based on the statistical data analysis model, the influences of human activities on the sediment inflow of the Guanting Reservoir were quantitatively evaluated. The results show that sand retention of the upper cascade reservoirs is the main reason for the sharp reduction in sediment loads, but the sand retention effect of reservoirs has a certain time limit. Water and soil conservation played a vital role in the sediment loads reduction during the present stage. The present studies may provide insights into understanding the integrated reclamation of the river basin.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease: Opportunities for
Drug Development
Authors: Bhatia Shiveena , Rawal Rishi , Sharma Pratibha , Singh Tanveer , Singh Manjinder , Singh Varinder
Published: May 2021

:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the major reasons for 60-80% cases of senile dementia
occurring as a result of the accumulation of plaques and tangles in the hippocampal and cortical
neurons of the brain leading to neurodegeneration and cell death. The other pathological features of
AD comprise abnormal microvasculature, network abnormalities, interneuronal dysfunction, increased
β-amyloid production and reduced clearance, increased inflammatory response, elevated production of
reactive oxygen species, impaired brain metabolism, hyperphosphorylation of tau, and disruption of
acetylcholine signaling. Among all these pathologies, Mitochondrial Dysfunction (MD), regardless of it
being an inciting insult or a consequence of the alterations, is related to all the associated AD pathologies.
Observed altered mitochondrial morphology, distribution and movement, increased oxidative stress,
dysregulation of enzymes involved in mitochondrial functioning, impaired brain metabolism, and
impaired mitochondrial biogenesis in AD subjects suggest the involvement of mitochondrial malfunction
in the progression of AD. Here, various pre-clinical and clinical evidence establishing MD as a key
mediator in the progression of neurodegeneration in AD are reviewed and discussed with an aim to foster
future MD based drug development research for the management of AD.
La Bioeconomi?a en el Mundo Moderno: una revisio?n de literatura desde los 5 continentes
Authors: Zúñiga Zapata Ana Cristina , Cabezas Aguilar Eduardo Arturo , Pérez Sánchez Elkin Olaguer
Published: May 2021

El arti?culo hace un recorrido por los pai?ses del mundo que han documentado y puesto a circular informacio?n acerca de la Bioeconomi?a y han hecho definiciones explicitas de poli?ticas o estrategias, y adema?s han establecido lineamientos para su desarrollo. Se entiende la Bioeconomi?a como la gestio?n eficiente y sostenible de la biodiversidad para generar nuevos productos, procesos y servicios con valor agregado, evitando el uso de los recursos naturales no renovables con el fin de promover la innovacio?n tecnolo?gica, desarrollar empleos cualificados y mejorar la calidad de vida de las comunidades en cada una de las localidades y de los pai?ses en general. Para este recorrido se hizo una revisio?n de literatura en bases de datos. Como resultado se presenta a la comunidad acade?mica un panorama de la orientacio?n que se esta? dando a la bioeconomi?a en los diferentes pai?ses del mundo.

Palabras Claves: bioeconomi?a, biomasa y sostenibilidad, biodiversidad, desarrollo sostenible, poli?ticas.

Abstract

The article takes a tour of the countries of the world that have documented and circulated information about the Bioeconomy and made explicit definitions of policies or strategies, and established guidelines for its development. Bioeconomy is understood as the efficient and sustainable management of biodiversity to generate new products, processes and services with added value, avoiding the use of non-renewable natural resources in order to promote technological innovation, develop qualified jobs and improve quality of life of the communities in each of the localities and the countries in general. For this tour, a review of literature in databases was made. As a result, an overview of the orientation that is being given to the bioeconomy in the different countries of the world is presented to the academic community.

Keywords: bioeconomy, biomass and sustainability, biodiversity, sustainable development, policies.

Resumo

Este articulo elabora um recorrido pelos pai?ses do mundo que documentaram e circularam informac?a?o sobre a Bioeconomia e definiram explicitamente poli?ticas ou estrate?gias, y estabeleceram lineamentos para seu desenvolvimento. Entende-se a Bioeconomi?a como a gesta?o eficiente e sustenta?vel da biodiversidade para gerar novos produtos, processos e servic?os com valor agregado, evitando o uso dos recursos naturais na?o-renova?veis com a finalidade de promover a inovac?a?o tecnolo?gica, desenvolver empregos qualificados e melhorar a qualidade de vidas das comunidades em cada uma das localidades, e dos pai?ses em geral. Para isso, houve uma revisa?o da literatura nas bases de dados. Como resultado, apresenta-se a? comunidade acade?mica um panorama da orientac?a?o que se esta? dando a? Bioeconomia nos diferentes pai?ses do mundo.

Palavras chave: bioeconomia, biomassa e sustentabilidade, biodiversidade, desenvolvimento sustenta?vel, poli?ticas
Revista Pensamiento Americano 2013-2016: Palabras clave y su presencia en el tesauro de la UNESCO
Authors: Higuera-Ojito Víctor Hugo , Porto Solano Andrés Felipe , Hurtado Penagos Nelson
Published: May 2021

El presente arti?culo tiene como objetivo identificar las palabras clave incluidas en dos o ma?s de los arti?culos publicados en la revista Pensamiento Americano durante el peri?odo 2013-2016 que se encuentran en el tesauro de la UNESCO. Para ello, se identifican las palabras clave incluidas en cada arti?culo, se realiza el conteo de arti?culos que incluyen una misma palabra clave, se ordenan aquellas incluidas en dos o ma?s arti?culos y se identifican aquellas que se encuentran en la presentacio?n jera?rquica del tesauro de la UNESCO. Ma?s de la mitad de las palabras clave se encuentran en el tesauro de la UNESCO, por orden de participacio?n, en: 6 Poli?tica, derecho y Economi?a y 7 Pai?ses y agrupaciones de pai?ses, 3 Cultura y 4 Ciencias sociales y humanas y 1 Educacio?n.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Ana?lisis cuantitativo, ciencias de la informacio?n, informacio?n sobre ciencias sociales, medicio?n, tesauro.

Abstract

This article aims to identify the keywords included in two or more of the articles published in Pensamiento Americano journal during the period 2013-2016 that are also included in UNESCO thesaurus. In order to do so, keywords included in each article are identified, articles including the same keywords are counted, keywords included in two or more articles are ordered and those included in UNESCO thesaurus are identified. More than a half of the keywords are found in the UNESCO thesaurus, by order of participation, in 6 Politics, Law and Economics and 7 Countries and country groupings, 3 Culture and 4 Social and human sciences, and 1 Education.

KEYWORDS: Quantitative analysis, information sciences, social science information, measurement, thesauri.

Resumo

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as palavras-chave inclui?do em duas ou mais dos artigos publicados no American Journal pensamento durante o peri?odo 2013-2016 encontrada no tesauro UNESCO. Para isso, as palavras-chave em cada artigo identifica a contagem de itens que incluem a mesma palavra-chave e? feito, os inclui?dos em dois ou mais itens esta?o ordenados e aqueles encontrados na apresentac?a?o hiera?rquica da thesaurus identificado UNESCO. Mais de metade das palavras-chave no thesaurus da UNESCO, em ordem de participac?a?o: 6 Poli?tica, Direito e Economia e 7 Pai?ses e grupos de pai?ses, 3 Cultura e 4 Cie?ncias Sociais e Humanas, e 1 Educac?a?o.

PALABRAS-CHAVE: Ana?lise quantitativa, cie?ncia da informac?a?o, informac?a?o sobre cie?ncias sociais, medic?a?o, thesaurus.
Золото-индуцированная кристаллизация тонких пленок аморфного субоксида кремния
Authors: Лунев Н.А. , Замчий А.О. , Баранов Е.А. , Меркулова И.Е. , Константинов В.О. , Корольков И.В. , Максимовский Е.А. , Володин В.А.
Published: May 2021

For the first time, polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) was obtained as a result of the gold-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon suboxide (a-SiOx). It is shown that, during annealing of a sample with a “substrate/gold thin film/a-SiO0.2 thin film” structure at 335 ℃, poly-Si is formed in a bottom layer (on the substrate), while gold diffuses into the upper layer. With an increase in the temperature to 370 ℃, the mechanism of poly-Si formation remains unchanged, however, only the rate of the crystallization process increases. Apparently, the process of poly-Si formation proceeds through the formation of gold silicides, which almost completely decompose into crystalline phases of gold and silicon at 370 ℃ for 10 h.
Ионный синтез структур кремний на изоляторе" со свинцово-силикатным изолирующим слоем
Authors: Бучин Э.Ю. , Денисенко Ю.И.
Published: May 2021

The process of ionic synthesis of “silicon-on-insulator” structures based on the sequential implantation of oxygen ions and a glass former into silicon substrates has been investigated. Lead ions were used as a glass former. The features of the formation of a buried silicate layer during post-implantation annealing are considered. The current-voltage characteristics of the synthesized structures, as well as the specific electrical resistances of the insulator and the device silicon layer, have been measured.
ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF ESSENTIAL OILS DERIVED FROM NATURAL, CALLUS AND IN-VITRO PROPAGATED SOURCES OF MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA AGAINST COMMON BACTERIAL PATHOGENS
Authors: M. JEYAKANI , A. KUMARI NIRMALA , M. RAJALAKSHMI
Published: May 2021

Objective: Melaleuca alternifolia (M. alternifolia) and its essential oil (EO) fractions have been used widely and traditionally in the treatment of various infectious diseases and hence its antibacterial potential is investigated in the present study.

Methods: The antibacterial activity was studied through the agar disc diffusion method and broth dilution method, DNA fragmentation studies and confocal microscopy morphological studies were done. In-silico molecular interaction was studied against microbial target using docking software.

Results: The inhibitory concentration of the EOs was recorded at 75% dilution with larger inhibition zones. The DNA fragmentation analyzed in the essential oil derived from in-vitro propagated leaves (EOIPL) of M. alternifolia treated bacterial cultures was compared with negative and positive controls. In Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of EOIPL treated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) showed time-dependent growth inhibition. The DNA content in the EOIPL treated bacterial cultures was comparatively less than in control cultures. The cell morphology changes of S. aureus cells were studied through confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis which showed a significant decrease in viable bacterial cells. The active component, terpinen-4-ol docked to autolysin receptor revealed stable interaction with the microbial target.

Conclusion: Thus EOIPL was explored to possess bactericidal activity against common infectious bacteria and could in incorporated in therapeutic natural antibiotic formulations as with future studies.
OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RIVASTIGMINE-LOADED NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS
Authors: GANNA SWATHI , KOTAKADI SAI MANOGNA , MOHAMMED RESHMA ANJUM , SHAIK MANNUR ISMAIL , NANNEPAGA JOHN SUSHMA
Published: May 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for improvement in the oral bioavailability of RT.

Methods: RT-loaded NLCs were prepared by high shear homogenization technique using fish oil and flaxseed oil respectively. The prepared RT-NLCs were characterized using a phase-contrast microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Further, particle size, entrapment efficiency and sustained release of the drug were also studied.

Results: SEM results revealed that the RT-NLCs were spherical in shape with a smooth surface. AFM results confirmed the formation of spherical particle dispersions by the NLCs in nanoscale. FTIR spectroscopy and DSC analyses revealed that there is no chemical interaction between the ingredients of RT-NLCs. The particle size of the RT-NLCs was found to be exponentially decreased with the increase in a surfactant solution.

Conclusion: The results confirmed pronounced improvement in entrapment efficiency of optimized formulation of RT-NLCs. In vitro, drug release studies showed that RT-NLCs were capable of releasing the drug in a sustained manner. The experimental results showed that the NLCs are potential carriers for providing sustained delivery of rivastigmine.
Sociofenomenología de la vida cotidiana en la corresidencia moderna: bases teórico-metodológicas para una hermenéutica de la ciudad
Authors: Márquez Pulido Ulises Bernardino
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo presento una propuesta teórico-metodológica para el estudio de la sociofenomenología de la vida cotidiana en la ciudad contemporánea a través de la interpretación de la “novela urbana”. Hacemos un recorrido teórico-histórico sobre la importancia de la cotidianidad en las ciencias sociales y humanas, distinguimos las dos grandes perspectivas de estudio: la marxista y la fenomenológica, retomamos a un autor de cada tradición, Henri Lefebvre y Lluís Duch, para realizar la propuesta. Con base en estos insumos, propongo considerar a la “novela urbana” como un “documento” cardinal para la interpretación sociológica de lo cotidiano, que constituiría la base para una hermenéutica de la ciudad.

 
Lo que le queda al traductor es hacer traducción honesta: apuntes sobre tres traducciones al español de “La capra” de Umberto Saba
Authors: Mira Mosso Montserrat
Published: May 2021

En ocasiones, al momento de determinar si una traducción ha sido o no afortunada, los criterios de valoración se limitan a la legibilidad o fluidez, o bien, a su carácter extranjerizante o domesticante. Sin embargo, siguiendo de cerca las ideas propuestas por Jiří Levý en su obra The Art of Translation (2011) respecto a la traducción literaria, en este trabajo me ha parecido más fructífero tomar como punto de partida no sólo las características evidentes del texto fuente, sino, sobre todo, la poética del propio autor. En este caso, retomaré la figura del poeta italiano Umberto Saba (Trieste 1883 – Gorizia 1957) y algunas de sus principales consideraciones en torno a la poesía y el oficio de poeta. Me centraré en especial en el ensayo “Quello che resta da fare ai poeti”, en el que Saba afirma categórico que la única búsqueda que deberían seguir los poetas es escribir poesía honesta. Tomando como base justamente la poética sabiana de la “poesía honesta”, en este trabajo trataré de establecer si los principios poéticos expuestos por el autor se pueden reconocer todavía tras el proceso de traducción. Con este propósito recupero el poema “La capra”, uno de los poemas más emblemáticos de poeta triestino, y analizo las versiones al español de los traductores Antonio Colinas (1977), Ana María del Re (1989) y Guillermo Fernández (2006).
Improved Traditional Drugs: State of knowledge for the sustainable management of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes of small ruminants
Authors: DANSOU Christian C , KUISEU Julienne , HOUMENOU Géraldo T. , DEGLA Lissette H. , ZINSOU Fréjus T. A. , AZANDO Erick V. B. , ABOH André B. , LAGNIKA Latifou , HOUNZANGBE-ADOTE Mawulé S. , Edorh Patrick A. , OLOUNLADE Pascal Abiodoun
Published: May 2021

This article aims to present the current state of the fight against gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants from Improved Traditional Drugs (DTI). A host of scientific documents were consulted by means of search engines to gather the information useful for this synthesis. The failure of conventional treatments has led to the use of new methods to treat digestive pathologies due to internal parasitism in herds of sheep and goats. These include, among others, herbal medicine, homeopathy, aromatherapy, the mixed grazing system for small and large ruminants, ... All plant parts of plants can be used in the preparation of remedies. Several scientific studies show that plants are full of chemical compounds that cause anthelmintic effects on gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants. Literature searches have revealed that studies on DTIs in the management of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants are non-existent. In addition to the forms (decocted, macerated, infused, etc.) traditionally used by breeders, there are other forms that can be used to make DTIs from plant extracts. There are capsules, capsules, tablets etc. The placing on the market of DTIs requires official authorization based on the safety and reproducibility of the products. From the documents consulted, it appears that scientific research has not yet focused on the formulation of DTIs for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes in small ruminants. It will be useful to manufacture them to facilitate access to veterinary care and the sustainable management of animal health.

Keywords: Improved Traditional Drugs; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Small ruminants, West Africa; Central Africa.
Translating German philosophy into English: The case of Martin Heidegger
Authors: Arndt Martin
Published: May 2021

Language endangerment and language loss have become of focal interest for linguists and cultural anthropologists who bemoan the loss of linguistic diversity. The coinage of the term “linguicide” indicates the inherent problem that is related to mondialisation, universalization, and urbanization, which in itself is a highly controversial subject. The recent discoveries of Martin Heidegger’s black notebooks cast a new perspective on his work, revealing his revulsion at universalist ideologies and his antimodernism – and, most fatefully, his antisemitism: Jews who are to him the incarnation of rootlessness, distance from the soil, and thus subversion. Heidegger was born in a rural provincial German – and for many remained so, walking in the countryside, hating TV, airplanes, pop music, and processed food that all conspire to distract us from the basic wondrous nature of Being, overwhelming us with information, killing silence, and never leaving us alone, and thus keep us away from the confrontation with “das Nichts” (the Nothing), which lies on the other side of Being, that is, however, unknown to the chatter (das Gerede), which can be perceived in the newspapers, on TV and in the cities Heidegger hated to spend time in. Although he was a Nazi to the end, this does not mean that nothing can be learned from him or problems connected to his work. This library research deals with the complexity of translating this German philosopher into the English language. It draws not only on typical examples from Heidegger’s path-breaking philosophical work Sein und Zeit and presents attempts at translating it, but also points out their shortcomings and drawbacks. Additionally, it presents solutions to the problems that emerge from Heidegger’s idiosyncratic language. Generally speaking, it reveals the almost unbridgeable language barriers that can only be overcome at the expense of depth and authenticity. Homogenization can be seen as a way of leveling down ideas and concepts that end in language death.
Auditory and kinaesthetic learning styles and L2 achievement: A correlational study
Authors: Masela Maximeliana , Subekti Adaninggar Septi
Published: May 2021

This study investigated undergraduate non-English major university students’ auditory and kinaesthetic learning styles and their relationships to second language (L2) achievement in English. It was conducted to resolve the conflicting findings in the literature on the directions and strength of the relationships between learners’ learning styles and their achievements and to investigate the field in relatively under-researched Indonesian participants. The study used a survey as the method of data collection and found out that learners used auditory slightly more dominantly from kinaesthetic, yet both learning styles were merely used at low to moderate levels. The study further found very weak and statistically not significant associations between these learning styles and L2 achievements, suggesting that contrary to various learning theories highlighting the importance of learners’ learning styles in L2 learning, these learning styles may not be an important determinant of L2 achievement. Based on the findings, possible future studies are suggested concerning the implications, contributions, and limitations of the study.
ANALISIS PENGARUH RASIO FINAL GEAR TERHADAP KECEPATAN DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR MOBIL HYBRID URBAN KMHE 2018
Authors: Poetro Koerniawan Hastho
Published: May 2021

In automotive world, differential ratio also known as final gear ratio. It consist of pinion gear and ring gear. Final gear ratio will be affecting car speed and fuel consumption that can be achieved. Research will be performed by experiment and data collection will be displayed through descriptive methode. Research began by selecting 2 kind of final gear ratio which are 1,27 and 2,53. Those ratios have been achieved by selecting pinion gear 15 and 30 teeth and ring gear 38 teeth, which are common and easy to find on the market. Testing performed by running the car on the tarmac testing track, 2800 meters (4 lap @700 meters), from stop until reached finish line with limited the speed test by 30 km/h and 40 km/h. Each test will be performed 5 times and the data collection will be displayed by tabulation and chart. The test results shown pinion gear with 30 teeth have less travelling time, less engine rotation and better fuel efficiency compare with pinion gear 15 teeth. Pinion gear 30 teeth have 8,9% better fuel consumption on 30 km/h speed and 4,7% better fuel consumption on 40 km/h.
Pola aliran udara dan distribusi temperature diinduksi oleh system air conditioning
Authors: Putra Jouvan Chandra Pratama , Firdianto Ade , Ruhyat Nanang
Published: May 2021

Perancangan aliran udara di dalam sebuah ruangan tertutup dibutuhkan untuk memasok kebutuhan udara segar yang diperuntukan bagi penghuni ruangan tersebut. Selain itu, pola aliran udara merupakan media pembawa partikel atau pembawa panas yang dapat mendistribusikan kedua aspek tersebut di dalam ruangan. Maka aliran udara menjadi suatu isu kritikal yang dapat mempengaruhi kenyamanan para penghuni ruangan bahkan gedung. Studi ini menyajikan pemodelan dan simulasi aliran udara dan efeknya terhadap distribusi temperatur di dalam ruangan kantor. Hal tersebut dapat dicapai dengan melakukan studi parametrik dimana dalam studi ini dilakukan modifikasi letak pasokan udara dan nilai kecepatan udara dengan mengacu pada model yang telah divalidasi. Pendekatan simulasi numerik untuk memecahkan model laminar flow dan heat transfer dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara bertahap, dimana pada tahap pertama model laminar flow dipecahkan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai distribusi aliran udara. Setelah itu, pemecahan terhadap pemodelan heat transfer dilakukan untuk mendapatkan perilaku distribusi temperatur di dalam ruangan. Hasil simulasi mengindikasikan bahwa posisi outlet di dalam ruangan sangat penting untuk membantu distribusi udara agar tercapai pasokan udara yang merata. Selain itu, kecepatan udara dengan nilai yang berbeda mempunyai pola distribusi yang sama baik pada udara maupun temperatur di dalam ruangan. Karakteristik tersebut menunjukan bahwa nilai kecepatan udara di dalam ruangan berpengaruh terhadap waktu penyebaran temperature di dalam ruangan tertutup. Akhirnya, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi dalam menambah kecepatan udara dalam mendistribusikan temperatur untuk menciptakan kenyamanan kerja adalah bukan faktor signifkan yang bersifat tunggal. Tetapi,ada parameter lain yang cukup berpengaruh seperti posisi outlet yang merupakan jalur distribusi udara yang juga merupakan jalur distribusi temperatur.
Sífilis gestacional: estudo epidemiológico em cidades do estado da Bahia
Authors: Tigre Almeida Chaves Anny Carolinny , Tigre Almeida Chaves Vanessa , Souza da Silva Vieira Rodrigo , Da Silva Santos José Carlos
Published: May 2021

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis gestacional em duas cidades baianas. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) referentes às informações sobre o quantitativo de casos notificados e características sociodemográficas relacionados à sífilis gestacional nos municípios baianos de Teixeira de Freitas e Salvador, no período de 2009 a 2018. Através da análise observou-se o aumento nas taxas de detecção de sífilis gestacional associada também ao aumento da notificação e ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde. A maior prevalência de sífilis foi encontrada em mulheres com menor escolaridade, de raça ou cor parda e com diagnóstico tardio, fato que pode relacionar-se a dificuldade no acesso às informações e/ou educação em saúde. Assim, a atuação do farmacêutico se faz necessária para a garantia de uma terapia medicamentosa adequada para as gestantes e parceiros, ao passo que esse profissional promova a educação em saúde com foco no controle e prevenção das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Saúde coletiva na formação acadêmica: experiências vividas nos componentes curriculares do curso de odontologia da universidade estadual de feira de santana (2013-2018)
Authors: De Oliveira Rodrigues Ana Áurea Alécio , Oliveira Silva Vitória Brisa , Da Silva Souza Cassia Tainar , De Jesus Costa Santos Leonardo , Santos Souza Letícia , Gracia dos Santos Luana , De Santana Azêvedo Falcão Taiane , Silva Bastos de Jesus Vinicius
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência dos estudantes que ingressaram no curso de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS no semestre letivo de 2013.2, nos componentes curriculares da Saúde Coletiva durante toda a graduação. A Saúde Coletiva está inserida nas atividades acadêmicas obrigatórias desde o início do curso. Em 2011 a matriz curricular passou por um processo de reformulação e a formação acadêmica vem sofrendo mudanças que enfatizam a necessidade dos conteúdos que permitam atuar nos serviços de saúde públicos. A vivência nas unidades de saúde da família, desde o segundo semestre, possibiliou aos estudantes compreender que o atendimento e planejamento de cada paciente não é apenas de caráter individual, refletido na sua queixa, na perspectiva diante de um resultado, mas que o contexto histórico social em que está envolvido diz muito sobre seu estado de saúde.
Evaluating the impact of road construction on landslide susceptibility- A case study of Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Authors: Sharma Amol , Prakash Chander
Published: May 2021

Landslide susceptibility mapping has proved to be crucial tool for
effective disaster management and planning strategies in mountainous
regions. The present study is perused to investigate the changes in the
landslide susceptibility of the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh due
to road construction. For this purpose, an inventory of 1723 landslides
was generated from various sources. Out of these, 1199 (70%) landslides
were taken in the training dataset to be used for modelling and
prediction purposes, while 524 (30%) landslides were taken in the
testing dataset to be used for validation purposes. Eleven landslide
causative factors were selected from numerous hydrological, geological
and topographical factors and were analyzed for landslide susceptibility
mapping using three bivariate statistical models, namely; Frequency
Ratio (FR), Certainty Factor (CF) and Shanon Entropy (SE). Two sets of
LSM maps i.e. landslide susceptibility map natural (LSMN) and landslide
susceptibility map road (LSMR), were generated using the above mentioned
bivariate models and were divided into five landslide susceptibility
classes namely; very low, low, medium, high and very high. These maps
were analyzed for accuracy of prediction and validation using receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under curve (AUC)
technique which indicated that all three bivariate statistical models
performed satisfactorily with the SE model had the highest prediction
and validation accuracy of 83-86%. Further analysis LSM maps confirmed
that the percentage area in high and very high classes of land-slide
susceptibility increased by 2.67-4.17% due to road construction
activities in the study area.
On some computational aspects of Hermite & Haar wavelets on a class of nonlinear singular BVPs
Authors: Verma Amit , Tiwari Diksha
Published: May 2021

We propose a new class of SBVPs which deals with exothermic reactions. We also propose four computationally stable methods to solve singular nonlinear BVPs by using Hermite wavelet collocation which are coupled with Newton?s quasilinearization and Newton-Raphson method. We compare the results which are obtained by using Hermite wavelets with the results obtained by using Haar wavelets. The efficiency of these methods are verified by applying these four methods on Lane-Emden equations. Convergence analysis is also presented.