bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic: gender, parenthood, intimate partner violence, and stress
Authors: Colton Kassidy C , Godleski Stephanie A , Baschnagel Joseph S , Houston Rebecca J , DeHarder Shine M
Published: May 2023

Some preliminary work during the COVID-19 pandemic indicates that adult alcohol use increased, particularly for parents. This cross-sectional study examined the quantity and frequency of adults' alcohol use during the early stages of the pandemic. Additionally, the influences of gender, parenthood, COVID-19-related stressors and intimate partner violence (IPV) on alcohol consumption were examined. The sample consisted of 298 adults (98 parents) from across the United States who completed self-report surveys through Qualtrics at the beginning of the pandemic in May 2020. In the present study, all men reported higher levels of drinking compared to all women. Although stress levels did not impact alcohol consumption, findings indicate that increased IPV experiences were associated with higher levels of heavy drinking during the pandemic. Results also suggested that having children in the home particularly impacted drinking levels during the pandemic, above and beyond the influence of gender, IPV, and stress levels. These findings suggest that parenthood may have had a cascading influence on drinking experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Implications and recommendations for further research are discussed.
Unemployment and Endogenous Reallocation Over the Business Cycle
Authors: Carrillo-Tudela Carlos , Visschers Ludo
Published: May 2023

This paper studies the extent to which the cyclicality of occupational mobility shapes that of aggregate unemployment and its duration distribution. We document the relation between workers' occupational mobility and unemployment duration over the long run and business cycle. To interpret this evidence, we develop a multisector business cycle model with heterogenous agents. The model is quantitatively consistent with several important features of the US labor market: procyclical gross and countercyclical net occupational mobility, the large volatility of unemployment and the cyclical properties of the unemployment duration distribution, among many others. Our analysis shows that occupational mobility due to workers' changing career prospects, and not occupation‐wide differences, interacts with aggregate conditions to drive the fluctuations of the unemployment duration distribution, and the aggregate unemployment rate.
A simple but powerful simulated certainty equivalent approximation method for dynamic stochastic problems
Authors: Cai Yongyang , Judd Kenneth L.
Published: May 2023

We introduce a novel simulated certainty equivalent approximation (SCEQ) method for solving dynamic stochastic problems. Our examples show that SCEQ can quickly solve high‐dimensional finite‐ or infinite‐horizon, stationary or nonstationary dynamic stochastic problems with hundreds of state variables, a wide state space, and occasionally binding constraints. With the SCEQ method, a desktop computer will suffice for large problems, but it can also use parallel tools efficiently. The SCEQ method is simple, stable, and can utilize any solver, making it suitable for solving complex economic problems that cannot be solved by other algorithms.
Reporting for a King: Valois France and Europe through the eyes of ambassador Dantas (1557-1568)
Authors: Vila-Santa Nuno
Published: May 2023

During his embassy to France between 1557 and 1568, João Pereira Dantas produced valuable reports on French events that have remained almost unnoticed. The purpose of this article is to present the major themes of Dantas’s epistolary and to invite experts on the history of France and Europe to make greater use of their contents. Additionally, this paper demonstrates the key role played by Dantas at the Valois court, by documenting his relations with Queen Catherine de Medici and King Charles IX. The study of Dantas’s epistolary, also reveals his use of France as a centre for Portuguese networks of European information. Finally, through a careful study of Dantas’s actions and a comparison to his predecessors in the French embassy, the importance of the French connection for Portugal - and, crucially, vice-versa - is made in an under-studied period of French-Portuguese relations deeply influenced by the French civil wars.
The Chinese Civilizational “Threat” and White Supremacy Construction in Hawaii before Annexation
Authors: Zhang Tao
Published: May 2023

Though Americans had been considering annexing Hawaii since as early as 1851, Hawaii’s conglomerate racial composition was always a hindrance. Obviously aware of Americans’ apprehension, Hawaiian whites, or haoles, took much care to construct themselves as the indisputably dominant race in the islands. One means to that end was inventing and heroically confronting a civilizational threat from the Chinese, the biggest group of foreigners in Hawaii from the 1876 reciprocity treaty to the mid-1890s. In so doing, haoles managed to show that whites could and did overcome formidable obstacles to achieve a flourishing of their race and institutions in the island nation. This maneuver debunked anti-annexation Americans’ logic and concurred with American annexationists’ emphasis on Hawaii’s whiteness and its precariousness in the final stage of annexation debates. It was therefore one part of the Hawaii-U.S. cross-border effort at incorporating the former into the latter.
La ciencia política española a través de sus tesis doctorales. Evolución y perspectivas de futuro
Authors: Ortega Ruiz Manuela
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es conocer el estado de la ciencia política española, para lo cual se ha llevado a cabo un estudio descriptivo longitudinal de las tesis presentadas en las Universidades públicas españolas durante las últimas tres décadas. Se ha elaborado una base de datos de 1275 tesis, a partir de TESEO y Dialnet, analizando tres indicadores de producción científica: la evolución temporal, la Universidad de lectura y la dirección. Estos indicadores se han relacionado con la temática investigada y con el género de los/as doctorandos/as y de sus directoras/es. Los resultados muestran un crecimiento irregular en el número de tesis leídas durante este periodo; un número mayor de hombres que alcanzan el grado de doctor; una posición de superioridad de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid; un grupo reducido de doctores que han dirigido más de diez tesis en el periodo analizado; y dos temáticas predominantes: actores y comportamiento político, y políticas públicas y administración pública.
Collectivity, Memory, and Art Making: Marcel Pinas and the Maroons in Suriname
Authors: Gugolati Maica , Pinas Marcel
Published: May 2023

This article develops an online interview conducted with the visual artist Marcel Pinas who lives and works in the Caribbean continental country of Suriname, South America. Marcel Pinas, starting from his standpoint as a Maroon clan descendant, focuses his art practice, art projects, and art festival on the country’s complex Maroon culture. The interview analyzes the country’s historical and sociopolitical context and explains the creative process and communitarian development of the art festival that Marcel Pinas initiated in Moengo, a symbolic location for the Maroon population and for Suriname’s post-independence history. Moreover, following the artist’s opinions and shared the article integrates Marcel Pinas’ artworks and installations—even when these are referred to ever so tacitly—and shows some of the relationships between his art practices and the Maroon communities as well as interconnections with the global contemporary art world.
Knockdown of ARHGAP30 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Chu Xiaoyan , Lou Jun , Yi Yun , Zhong Linlin , Huang Ouping
Published: May 2023

The mortality and morbidity rates of ovarian cancer (OC) are high, but the underlying mechanisms of OC have not been characterized. In this study, we determined the role of Rho GTPase Activating Protein 30 (ARHGAP30) in OC progression. We measured ARHGAP30 abundance in OC tissue samples and cells using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RT-qPCR. EdU, transwell, and annexin V/PI apoptosis assays were used to evaluate proliferation, invasiveness, and apoptosis of OC cells, respectively. The results showed that ARHGAP30 was overexpressed in OC tissue samples and cells. Inhibition of ARHGAP30 suppressed growth and metastasis of OC cells, and enhanced apoptosis. Knockdown of ARHGAP30 in OC cells significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Treatment with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitor buparlisib simulated the effects of ARHGAP30 knockdown on growth, invasiveness, and apoptosis of OC cells. Following buparlisib treatment, the expression levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR were significantly decreased. Furthermore, buparlisib inhibited the effects of ARHGAP30 upregulation on OC cell growth and invasiveness. In conclusion, ARHGAP30 regulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to promote progression of OC.
The roles of churches in HIV prevention among youth at Nqutu in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
Authors: Madlala Siphiwe T. , Khanyile Sethembile
Published: May 2023

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a crisis of massive economic, social, spiritual, as well as political magnitudes. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) revealed that in 2018, there were 37.9 million individuals across the globe who lived with HIV and/or AIDS. The religion is an essential tool used by the pastors to help people living with HIV to come to terms with the illness. Therefore, it is imperative that religious leaders should be actively involved in the prevention of HIV epidemic among the youth.Objectives: The study objective was to explore and describe the roles of churches in HIV prevention among youth at Nqutu in KwaZulu-Natal.Method: A qualitative descriptive phenomenology design was employed. Data were collected from 18 to 35 years old participants who were purposefully sampled. Unstructured interviews were conducted to collect data, which was determined by saturation and analysed using Colaizzi’s method of data analysis.Results: The study revealed five major themes, which consisted of churches’ contribution to HIV prevention; health awareness; churches’ involvement in sexual education; churches’ partnership with stakeholders, human and financial resources. It became evident that churches’ contribution to HIV and/or AIDS prevention is beneficial to the youth.Conclusion: The study’s findings revealed that churches play a significant role in HIV prevention among youths. Programmes available in churches play an important role among the youth in curbing the HIV epidemic.Contribution: The Department of Health should consider collaborating with church leaders to promote and prevent HIV and/or AIDS among youth.
Earth, gender and food security: Maria Zaloumis’ journey of feminising Agric-business in Zambia
Authors: Mwale Nelly
Published: May 2023

This article explores the interconnectedness of the earth, gender and food security in the Zambian context using the narrative of Maria Zaloumis (a female Zambian farmer) in the public sphere. It draws on a narrative research design by the restorying of Maria’s trajectory in Agric-business as informed by the African ecofeminist theory. The study shows that Maria was described as an emerging young farmer and an emblem of female entrepreneurship. Her trajectory mirrored the intersection of the earth, gender and food security through her portrayal as a woman who endured life tragedies of losing a child, and being a victim of gender-based violence in her marriage. She drew inspiration from her mother (venturing into farming was linked to her mother), the earth (farming was an outlet for healing from her marital challenges) and religion (attributed her success to God as a member of the Baptist church). Maria’s account which resonates with the injustice suffered by the earth and shared by women through the environmental crises affirms that in the midst of suffering, women could still contribute to food security by turning a crisis into an opportunity and fostering a life-affirming theology.Contribution: The article contributes to scholarship on the earth, gender and food security by bringing to the fore the ways in which women have contributed to changing the Agric-business landscape through the intersection of the earth, gender and religion from the Zambian context. It also adds a new perspective to women’s empowerment and the preservation and stewardship of mother earth.
Awareness and interventions to reduce dehydration in pregnant, postpartum women, and newborns in rural Kenya
Authors: Lusambili Adelaide , Nakstad Britt
Published: May 2023

Extreme heat exposure is associated with adverse outcomes in pregnancy and has the potential to impact maternal, neonatal and child health for a lifetime. In an extremely hot climate, pregnant women face an increased risk of premature birth, stillbirth, low birth weight, congenital anomalies and pre-eclampsia. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), socio-demographic and behavioural practices may negatively affect body hydration during high temperatures. The possible causes and consequences of dehydration in the heat are poorly understood and have been little discussed in the literature.Living in a hot climate poses various challenges, including dehydration, where biological mechanisms and insufficient access to water can lead to dehydration in women and children, with consequences for the health of both mothers and children, particularly in relation to breastfeeding habits. During pregnancy, increased metabolic and cardiovascular demands interact with heat exhaustion and reduced availability of fresh water, which can affect the child’s growth and development. In this opinion piece, we emphasise the possible causes and impacts of dehydration in extreme heat on the health and well-being of mothers and children. We encourage more research, focused on biology and epidemiology, related to raising awareness and implementing adaptations to reduce the risk of dehydration in pregnant, postpartum women and newborns in the context of climate change-related heat exposure.
Department of Religion and Cultural Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria Department of Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures, Faculty of Theology and Religion, University of Pretoria, Pretoria
Authors: Alaribe Gilbert N. , Okwuosa Lawrence N.
Published: May 2023

No abstract available.
Is periodontal infection a risk factor for thromboembolic disease? A systematic review
Authors: Devi Oinam Monica , Gupta Jyoti , Chahal Gurparkash Singh , Jain Ashish
Published: May 2023

Background:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a rising major health problem comprising pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis. It is of concern due to premature mortality, increased morbidity, and associated healthcare costs and hospitalization. Periodontitis can increase the risk of VTE by way of systemic inflammation induced by infection that can contribute to hypercoagulability and platelet aggregation. This systematic review aims to synthesize all the evidence concerning periodontal infection as a risk factor for thromboembolic disease.

Materials and Methods:

A search for articles published from 1967 till December 2020 was conducted in the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and EMBASE data bases.

Results:

Five hundred and five articles were retrieved after running search strategies in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE search databases. Based on the inclusion criteria, three clinical studies, two case series, and ten case reports were included for qualitative analysis. The presence of periodontal disease was reported to influence the occurrence of venous thromboembolic disease with a statistical significance of <0.010. Case series and case reports of septic PE due to periodontal disease showed complete resolution of lung lesions and subsiding of symptoms after dental treatment and antimicrobial therapy.

Conclusions:

The results of this systematic review suggested for an association between periodontal disease and the incidence of thromboembolic disease. As most of the included/available studies are case series and case reports, the strength of evidence is weak. Evidence generated from well-designed longitudinal controlled clinical trials may be helpful to further assess the strength of the association.
Singularities in $L^1$-supercritical Fokker–Planck equations: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Hopf Katharina
Published: May 2023

A class of nonlinear Fokker–Planck equations with superlinear drift is investigated in
the

L^1

-supercritical regime, which exhibits a finite critical mass. The equations have a formal
Wasserstein-like gradient-flow structure with a convex mobility and a free energy functional whose
minimising measure has a singular component if above the critical mass. Singularities and concentrations
also arise in the evolutionary problem and their finite-time appearance constitutes a primary
technical difficulty. This paper aims at a global-in-time qualitative analysis with main focus on the
isotropic case, where solutions will be shown to converge to the unique minimiser of the free energy
as time tends to infinity. A key step in the analysis consists in properly controlling the singularity
profiles during the evolution. Our study covers the three-dimensional Kaniadakis–Quarati model for
Bose–Einstein particles, and thus provides a first rigorous result on the continuation beyond blow-up
and long-time asymptotic behaviour for this model.
Editorial
Authors: Nnaji Chidozie Charles
Published: May 2023

No abstract
Polyphenolic Content and Radical Scavenging Activities of the Peel, Pulp and Seed of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Grown in Tanzania
Authors: Juma Ibrahim , Englund Jan-Eric , Ortiz Rodomiro , Geleta Mulatu , Tibuhwa Donatha D. , Carlsson Anders S. , Nyomora Agnes , Fatih Moneim , Hovmalm Helena Persson
Published: May 2023

Avocado is a healthy fruit and the consumption is continuously growing worldwide. The fruit contains polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant effects. Globally, research has been devoted to exploring the fruit quality, especially compounds with antioxidant effects, from different avocado-growing sites. However, the fruit quality of the Tanzanian avocado has so far not been investigated. In this study, the contents of polyphenols in peel, pulp and seed of avocados sampled in south-western Tanzania are described. The levels of total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents were measured, and antioxidant activity was evaluated using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The total polyphenolic content was highest in the seed and lowest in the peel (424 and 200 mg GAE/100 g DW, respectively). As for the total flavonoid content, the pulp had the highest value of 36.98 mg RE/100 g DW, while the seed had the lowest value of 32.54 mg RE/100 g DW. The overall average half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values in decreasing order, corresponding to an increasing antiradical activity, were 4.90 (peel), 3.63 (seed) and 3.24 µg/mL (pulp). The seed and peel possessed high levels of total polyphenolic and flavonoid content, thus demonstrating substantial antioxidant capacity. Seed and peel can potentially be processed and included in the diet to provide inexpensive antioxidant ingredients of natural origin. Consumption of the seed will not only improve human health but also reduce the environmental pollution, as many thousand tonnes of avocado seeds are produced in Tanzania per year; a huge amount currently remains as waste.

Keywords: Flavonoid contents; Free radicals; EC50; Polyphenolic content
Generation of Electricity by Using Microbial Fuel Cell Prototype Fed by Sewage: Case Study at the University of Dar es Salaam
Authors: Said Mahir M , Saad Asia A , John Geoffrey R , Mushi Aviti T
Published: May 2023

The access to electricity is still not reliable in Tanzania. Whilst, there are several locations within the country that have wastewater cites that are not economically used to produce electricity. At the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), there are main grid power, and few scattered solar panels. This study was intended to bridge the divide between the current increasing power demands of the UDSM by exploiting not so much used sources, such as electric energy from wastewater. This study was undertaken to develop a Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) prototype fed by sewage in Dar es Salaam, for electricity generation using cost effective materials for the cathode compartment. The collection of samples took place using sewage substrates from the UDSM oxidation ponds. The untreated sewage was collected from oxidation ponds. Preliminary experiments were carried out to identify the cathode and substrate that produced better results in terms of volts and current output. Aluminium produced the most desirable results compared to copper, stainless steel and mild steel in all the substrates. On the other hand, untreated sewage with aluminium/carbon electrodes produced higher voltage and current compared to treated sewage with the same electrodes. Thereafter, a prototype of the MFC was developed by connecting three single chambered cells in series of 628 cm3 volume of untreated sewage with aluminium and carbon electrodes. The prototype generated a stable voltage of 1.73 V and a current of 0.07 mA recorded for a period of one hour. The power generated was enough to light a 6.25 mW LED bulb of 25 mA across a 100 Ω resister. Therefore, untreated sewage produced more power in MFCs with aluminium/carbon electrodes compared to the other tested materials.

Keywords: Aluminium electrodes, charcoal electrode, alternative energy source, wastewater
Students' Perceptions of Quality Education in Secondary Schools in the Commonwealth Caribbean: Country, School Type and Gender Differences
Authors: Jennings Zellynne , Cook Loraine , Seunarinesingh Krishna
Published: May 2023

There is a lack of clarity on what quality education means and how it could be achieved. This study examines this question from the perspective of secondary school students in Jamaica and Trinidad. The study also sought to ascertain whether there were significant country, school type and gender differences in the students’ perceptions .A convergent mixed methods design was used for the research. The findings revealed that students perceive the context in which teaching and learning take place, the inputs available, teaching-learning processes and educational outputs as being critical to the achievement of quality education.
Explaining Jamaican Students’ Perception of Remote Teaching and Learning During COVID-19
Authors: Keshinro Khummit
Published: May 2023

This study explores Jamaican secondary students’ perceptions of the impact of remote instruction on their learning. The arrival of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the shores of Jamaica in March 2020 (declared as such by the World Health Organization in the same month) resulted in a change from traditional face-to-face teaching to a remote modality. The study used convenience sampling to identify 28 urban and rural, male and female, 12-17-year-old secondary students across Jamaica’s 14 parishes. Semi structured questions and one-on-one telephone interviews were used to collect data. The results showed a mixed impression of the impact of remote instruction and learning on the students’ overall learning. The study concluded that students’ perceived ICT availability, accessibility, affordability, and connectivity challenges; teachers’ ICT skill and ability to transfer to remote teaching effectively; and students’ attitudes contributed to their teaching/learning experiences during COVID-19.
YOLOv3 Derin Öğrenme Algoritması ile İHA Görüntülerinden Çevresel Atık Tespiti
Authors: ALTINÖRS Ayhan , ÇELİK Serkan
Published: May 2023

Pet ve cam şişeler genellikle tek kullanımlık malzemeler olduklarından kullanıldıktan sonra uygun olmayan yerlere özensiz bir şekilde atılmaktadır. Pet ve cam şişe atıkları, çevre kirliliğinin önemli sebeplerinden biridir. Ayrıca cam şişelerin orman yangınlarının çıkmasında çok büyük etkileri vardır. Bu nedenlerden dolayı pet ve cam şişelerin tespit edilmesi ve çevreye zarar vermeden toplanması gerekmektedir. İnsansız Hava Araçları (İHA) günümüzde birçok sektörde oldukça yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. İHA’ların kullanım alanlarının artması ve geçmişe göre erişiminin kolay olması birçok alanda gelişmenin de önünü açmıştır. Daha az insan gücü kullanılarak daha düşük maliyetlerle birçok sorun çözüme kavuşturulmuştur.

Bu çalışmada, İHA’lardan alınan görüntülerdeki pet ve cam şişelerin tespit edilmesi için görüntü işleme teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada öncelikle eğitim için tespit edilecek nesnelerin bulunduğu görüntüler belirlenmiştir. Bu görüntülerde tespit edilmesi istenen nesneler etiketlenmiş, gerekli düzenlemeler yapılarak eğitim ve test verileri elde edilmiştir. Bu veriler kullanılarak YOLOv3 derin öğrenme algoritması ile eğitim gerçekleştirilmiş, elde edilen veriler ile nesne tespit test işlemi yapılmıştır. Bu test işlemi için pet ve cam şişe atıklarının bulunduğu görüntüler kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, doğal ortamlardaki pet ve cam şişelerin büyük bir doğruluk oranı ile tespiti gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Malnutrition in pediatric surgical patients
Authors: Borovik Tatiana E. , Fomina Maria V. , Yatsyk Sergey P. , Bushueva Tatiana V. , Zvonkova Natalia G. , Gusev Aleksey A. , Skvortsova Vera A. , Sokolov Ina , Guseva Irina M. , Fisenko Andrey P. , Alkhasov Abdumanap B.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. To improve the quality of surgical treatment and prevent postoperative complications, there is needed an integrated multidisciplinary professional approach including a combination of nutritional support with therapeutic methods and psychological assistance that reduces stress throughout the perioperative period. Clinical guidelines and standards to manage the patients on this issue in pediatric surgical hospitals have not been developed.
Objectives: to assess the nutritional risk of malnutrition and nutritional status in children with surgical diseases, to elaborate algorithms for nutritional support over the pre- and postoperative periods.
Materials and methods. The single center non-comparative study included sixty children aged from 1 month to 17 years 5 months, with diseases of the esophagus, intestine, and genitourinary system, were admitted for surgical treatment at the Research Institute of Pediatric Surgery of the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health» of the Ministry of Health of Russia. All patients underwent a nutritional risk screening according to a validated Russian version of the STRONGkids. Clinical and anamnestic data were analyzed. Anthropometric indices (Z-scores: weight/age, height/age, BMI/age) using the WHO AnthroPlus program (2009), and biochemical parameters (concentrations of C-reactive protein, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin) were evaluated.
Results. A high nutritional risk at admission was established in more than half (57%) of patients, moderate — in 36% of patients, low — only in 7% of cases. Malnutrition (Z-score BMI/age from –1 to –3) was diagnosed in 26 (43%) patients, 58% of them suffered from diseases of the esophagus, 37% — the intestine pathology, and 36% of the genitourinary disorders.
Conclusion. Nutritional risk screening and nutrition status assessment are necessary in all patients admitted to pediatric surgical hospitals for the timely appointment of adequate nutritional support, which will reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and allow diminishing the length of the hospital stay.
Presentación
Authors: Camarero Hernán
Published: May 2023

Presentación
DESARTERIALIZACIÓN HEMORROIDAL TRANSANAL EGOGUIADA. UN AÑO DE EXPERIENCIA EN UN CENTRO HOSPITALARIO DE URUGUAY
Authors: Guarneri Carolina , Lyford Pike Patrick , Veirano Gustavo
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCCION
Dentro del grupo de la patología anal y perianal, la patología hemorroidaria es la más frecuente.
Existen múltiples opciones terapéuticas para la enfermedad hemorroidal sintomática, desde tratamientos médicos tópicos hasta tratamientos quirúrgicos de complejidad creciente. La ligadura de pedículos arteriales hemorroidario guiado por Doppler, también conocido como desarterialización asociado o no a mucopexia, es un método no resectivo prometedor.
MATERIAL Y METODOS
Se trata de un estudio prospectivo, observacional y descriptivo desarrollado en el Hospital Británico de Uruguay en el período comprendido entre enero del 2020 y enero del 2021. El mismo involucra a todo paciente sometido a desarterialización guiada con sonda Doppler incorporada a proctoscopio (asociado a mucopexia en los casos de prolapso) empleándose el equipo A.M.I Trilogy.
RESULTADOS
Se incluyeron en total 50 pacientes. El promedio de edad de la población analizada fue de 50 años. La distribución por sexos fue de un 56% sexo masculino y 44% femenino. La indicación fue mayoritariamente en los clasificados como grado III (66%) con cifras menores de grado II y IV. En 46 (92%)  pacientes con hemorroides grado III y IV, se completó el procedimiento con pexia de mucosa rectal hasta 1 cm proximal a línea criptopapilar. En los 4 casos (8%) restantes, de hemorroides grado II, solo se hizo la desarterialización
CONCLUSIONES
En nuestro centro, la técnica quirúrgica empleada es reproducible, segura y confiable lográndose tiempos quirúrgicos similares a los de la literatura internacional con favorables resultados.
 Finalmente, la satisfacción del paciente con el procedimiento es muy alta.
Innovative and Informative Provision for the Economic Security of Enterprises under COVID-19 challenges
Authors: Shashyna Maryna , Yushkevych Olena , Savchenko Serhii , Chereshnevyi Oleksandr , Popyk Nataliia
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, in the current conditions of globalization challenges, turned out to be one of the general reasons for a significant decrease in the level of economic security of economic systems, including at the level of companies. This updates the issue of guaranteeing the economic security of companies. The study aims to develop the conceptual and methodological foundations of the innovative and investment provision of the economic security of companies in the conditions of the challenges of COVID-19. The methodological principles of innovative and informative provision of the economic security of companies are based on a systemic approach, which allows considering the company as an open system in which economic security is one of the determining subsystems. It has been shown that the economic security of the company must ensure the achievement of the socio-economic goals set for the company in the conditions of the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, protecting the company from adverse factors and the negative impact of internal and external changes. It is emphasized that innovation is a determining factor of the economic development of the company, and therefore of economic security. The staggering of systematic steps to make management decisions is suggested to ensure the economic security of the company in the conditions of the challenges of COVID-19.
The prevalence of depression and anxiety in nurses caring for covid-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: a single center experience
Authors: Hakami Emad , Alsomali Ahlam , Senitan Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Background: Healthcare workers in direct contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients often face a negative impact on psychological health. This study aims to examine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. 
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic from January 2022 to April 2022 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of depression and anxiety was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire. Kruskal–Wallis’s test was used to compare the total scores of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 with respect to demographic characteristics. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 123 nurses were included in the study. Most of them were females (69.92%), aged 30–39 years (45.53%), had a bachelor's degree in nursing (75.61%), and had more than ten years of experience (3830.89%). The depression and anxiety prevalence in the study was 78.1% and 72.4%, respectively. Nurses aged 30–39 years were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.  Female nurses showed significantly higher scores for depression and anxiety than males 74.42% and 67.45%, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that nurses are at risk for developing depression and anxiety. Therefore, regular mental health screening is necessary for nurses, particularly during a pandemic.
The “Perpetually” Efficient Stock Market Nonsense: The Gaslighting Effects
Authors: Anelli Michele , Patanè Michele
Published: May 2023

Abstract

One of the conventional and commonly accepted assumption in the financial world is the Efficient Market Hypothesis (Fama, 1970). However, the intellectual dominance of the efficient-market revolution has more been challenged by economists who stress psychological and behavioral elements of stock-price determination and by econometricians who argue that stock returns are, to a considerable extent, predictable (Malkiel, 2003). “Boom-bust” patterns are the empirical evidence of the efficient market nonsense. We suggest a theoretical linkage between the EMH and the Reflexivity Theory focusing mainly on the psychological profile. We suppose that, during stages of market exuberance/panic, the market pricing produces “gaslighting effects” and that mean-reverting behavior (i.e., contrarianism) is the result of participants’ awareness of psychological deviation from reality. We suspect that investors “benchmarking” plays a primary role on this latter aspect. Outside bubbles episodes, the market pricing is generally efficient and reflects the fundamental value evolution, without producing gaslighting effects.

JEL classification numbers: G10, G11, G14.
Keywords: Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), Reflexivity Theory, Gaslighting Effects.
Pertanggungjawaban Negara China Akibat Pencemaran Di Laut China Selatan Dalam Prespektif Hukum Lingkungan Internasional
Authors: Matakena Jenesya Susye , Kainama Marthinus , Rehatta Veriana Josepha Batseba
Published: May 2023

Introduction: One of the satellite imagery analysis companies, Head Of Simularty, based in the United States, found that there has been pollution to the marine environment in the South China Sea area, precisely in the Spratly Islands, namely the coral island of Whitsun Reef which is still part of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippines.Purposes of the Research: Aims to find out and analyze the regulation of international law on pollution in the South China Sea and to find out and analyze the form of accountability of the Chinese State due to marine pollution carried out under international environmental law. Methods of the Research: This legal research uses normative juridical research, case approach, statutory approach, and conceptual approach, primary and secondary legal materials, legal material procedures using primary legal materials which are then associated with secondary legal materials and processing and analysis of legal materials using qualitative descriptive analysis.Results of the Research: The results showed that China had violated international environmental law obligations as stipulated in the Stockholm Declaration 1972, Rio Declaration 1992, UNCLOS 1982 and MARPOL 73/78. Furthermore, marine pollution carried out by the State of China in the territory of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Philippine State has opposed the provisions of international environmental law as stipulated in the 1972 Stokcholm Declaration and UNCLOS 1982 which states that it prohibits any country from taking acts of pollution against the environment against both its own territory and in the jurisdiction of other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to have accountability efforts that must be carried out due to the pollution actions carried out.
THE USAGE OF JADID METHODS IN DEVELOPING YOUTH LEARNING COMPETENCE
Authors: Kurbanova Sevara
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the usage of Jadid methods in developing youth learning competence. The Jadid method is a teaching approach that emphasizes active and practical learning, individualized learning, and cultural relevance. This article highlights the key features of this approach and how it can be applied in practice to promote effective learning outcomes for young learners.
THE INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN LEXICAL UNITS ON JOURNALISM
Authors: Xusanova Yulduz
Published: May 2023

The present paper aims at the analysis of lexical innovations in the sphere of journalism. For achieving them a set of procedures were fulfilled to show the peculiarities of journalism innovations and a number of methods were used. The descriptive method helped to analyze the selected words and word combinations, component analysis proved valuable to regard the semantic structure or the vocabulary. Word building classification was helpful in the defining the predominant kind of word formation in the units. Calculations gave the possibility to state the number of examples in the dictionaries, define the major and minor types of word formation of innovations.
A note on the possibility of identifying Leydig and Sertoli cells by immunohistochemistry in bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus)
Authors: O'Hara Todd M. , Miller Debra L. , Bossart Gregory D. , Nadji Mehrdad , Tarpley Raymond , Roberts Brenda
Published: May 2023

Leydig cells have been found to be either unidentifiable or at apparent low numbers during routine histologic examination of bowhead whale testes. Therefore, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded testicular tissues from 14 bowhead whales were retrospectively examined to determine if immunohistochemical staining could aid in identification of Sertoli and Leydig cells. Multiple intratesticular samples were examined when available. Sertoli and Leydig cells were differentiated using inhibin and calretinin stains. Significant whale length and seasonal differences were not found; however, a trend toward increased staining intensity was noted for autumn harvested whales.
Historical catches of humpback whales in the North Atlantic Ocean: an overview of sources
Authors: Reeves Randall R. , Smith Tim D.
Published: May 2023

Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) have been taken in the North Atlantic since the 1600s in a variety of fisheries operating from the Arctic to the tropics. The relative importance of the humpback whale in these fisheries has varied. In some it was the main target species, while in others it was a minor component of the catch, with other large rorquals or sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) ranking ahead of it. There was an overall trend towards large catches of humpback whales, especially in tropical breeding areas, by non-mechanised fisheries during the mid to late 19th century; as these fisheries declined and modern whaling began in higher latitudes, large numbers were taken on the feeding grounds. Catches generally declined in the mid to late 20th century, with many fisheries stopping or scaling down their operations. Information describing the humpback fisheries is published in a wide variety of sources, and approximate locations and periods of operation are reasonably well known for most of the relevant fisheries. In addition, catch and production data are available in commercial records, newspapers and whaling manuscripts (e.g. voyage logbooks). This paper summarises the data sources and defines thirteen ‘fisheries’, based mainly on the whaling methods employed, and 20 ‘sub-fisheries’, based mainly on the spatial distribution of the whaling operations. Catch levels are summarised, often crudely, and gaps in the catch history are identified. Where possible, suggestions are made for filling these gaps.
Abundance, range and movements of a feeding aggregation of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) from California to southeastern Alaska in 1998
Authors: Calambokidis John , Darling James D. , Deecke Volker , Gearin Patrick , Gosho Merrill , Megill William , Tombach Christina T. , Goley Dawn , Toropova Caitlyn , Gisborne Brian
Published: May 2023

This study documents the range, abundance and movements of a feeding aggregation of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) in the Pacific northwest. Identification photographs were collected by eight collaborating organisations between March and November 1998. Surveys extended between northern California and southeastern Alaska. Effort was variable by region and was concentrated off the northern Washington coast and Vancouver Island. Of 1,242 occasions when suitable photographs of gray whales were obtained in 1998, 155 unique whales were identified. Each individual was photographed an average of 8.0 times (SD = 8.4, range 1-42) and the average tenure of whales seen multiple times was 56 days (SD = 41, range 1-170). Whales seen longer than three months generally were seen in multiple regions. Movements among regions in 1998 were documented for 57 whales with the most frequent interchange among three adjacent areas from northern Washington to central Vancouver Island. The overall pattern of movements among regions was complex; whales were not always moving in the same direction at the same time of year. Movements within 1998 among more distant locations did occur but were less frequently observed. Total distances between resighting positions for individual whales ranged from < 1 to 526 n.miles. Most whales photographed in 1998 had been identified in previous years when compared to photographs collected by some of the collaborators. At least 86 (55%) of the whales identified had been seen previously. The rate of inter-year resightings was highest for whales identified off northern Washington and three areas off British Columbia (from southern Vancouver Island to north of Vancouver Island). In these areas, from 70-100% of the whales seen in each region had been photographed previously. Mark-recapture abundance estimates based on comparisons to samples in 1996 and 1997 were 181 and 179, respectively. The management implication for these whales has become controversial due to the resumption of whaling by the Makah tribe in northern Washington, an area used by both migrating and feeding whales. This research shows that there are a few hundred gray whales that range in summer months from at least northern California to southeastern Alaska. The mechanism by which these animals are recruited into this group and the degree to which they should be managed as a separate unit from the overall population is not resolved.
An evaluation of gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) mortality incidental to fishing operations in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Baird Robin W. , Stacey Pam J. , Duffus David A. , Langelier Ken M.
Published: May 2023

Gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) mortality incidental to commercial fishing operations in British Columbia (BC), Canada was evaluated by two methods: a mailed questionnaire survey of all commercial fishing licence holders in the province; and a review of records of incidental catches, strandings and dead floating animals from published and unpublished sources. Of 5,375 surveys sent out, 848 were returned of which 729 could be used (15.8%). Forty-two incidents with gray whales were reported, including three mortalities. From sources other than the questionnaire for the period up to 1989, 41 records of stranded and dead floating gray whales were obtained, of which four were judged to have been killed incidentally in fishing operations. Twenty-six of these animals had not been examined closely, but extrapolation from the 15 detailed records suggests that 27% of the dead gray whales reported in BC die incidentally in fisheries. Collisions with fishing gear are estimated to occur approximately 20 times per year. Mortality occurs in salmon drift gillnet, salmon seine, longline and trap fisheries. There is also one record of an individual entangled and drowned in a herring net pen, as well as an individual entangled in a herring set gillnet. Estimates of annual mortality are approximately two individuals using data obtained from the questionnaire and 2.4 individuals using stranding data. Biases are present for both sampling methods, but the estimated mortality levels are small relative to population size. Subsequent records (n = 40) for the period 1990–95 were also examined for comparison.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS MOTIVATION AND THEIR ACHIEVEMENT SCORE IN ENGLISH LEARNING
Authors: Issabell Nickqietta Shareen Claudia , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Prihatini Syfrina
Published: May 2023

This journal discussed the correlation between students’ motivation and their achievement score in English learning for grade VIII students at SMP Teladan Sei Rampah. This study was conducted by using descriptive quantitative research design. The instrument for the data collection was questioner. The population of this study was 20 students. The result of data processing the correlation coefficient number was 0.723 and it was included in the strong category. Thus, it can be concluded that there was a correlation between students’ motivation and learning outcome in English grammar of the grade VIII students and this correlation was positive.
Amivantamab (Rybrevant)
Authors: CADTH
Published: May 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses amivantamab (Rybrevant) for injection 50 mg/mL concentrate for solution for IV infusion.

Indication: For the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations whose disease has progressed on, or after, platinum-based chemotherapy.
MINOR HEART ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN: FEATURES OF DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND MONITORING
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, E. P. Kasab , E. S. Tarasova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, O. N. Volkova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V. V. Strogiy ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2023

Dysplastic lesion of the connective tissue accounts for 5 % of all systemic dis-eases. It is caused by a genetic breakdown, therefore, it requires monitoring and treatment throughout life. One of the manifestations of dysplasia on the part of the heart and large vessels is the presence of small anomalies. Such anomalies are mild forms of pathology, they are not hemodynamically significant and are not fatal, but require constant maintenance therapy. There is no specific prevention of connective tissue dysplasia and minor heart anomalies. Leading is a healthy lifestyle. Modern drugs and medical procedures allow maintaining the quality of life of patients at a high level.
UNIQUE CARDIAC SURGEON AND SCIENTIST CHRISTIAN BARNARD: TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH AND THE 55TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FIRST HUMAN-TO-HUMAN HEART TRANS-PLANT
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, I. N. Semenenya , V. A. Pereverzev ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2023

The article summarizes historical information about the outstanding South Af-rican cardiac surgeon and transplant surgeon, scientist, interesting writer, public figure and philanthropist Christian Nietling Barnard. The main data from his unusual biography, personal life, multifaceted highly professional activity, including the world's first unique operation – heart trans-plantation from person to person are given. Interesting, little-known facts from the history of heart transplants in the world, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, as well as in the Republic of Bela-rus are given.