bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opinion: Challenges and needs of tropospheric chemical mechanism development
Authors: Ervens Barbara , Rickard Andrew , Aumont Bernard , Carter William P. L. , McGillen Max , Mellouki Abdelwahid , Orlando John , Picquet-Varrault Bénédicte , Seakins Paul , Stockwell William , Vereecken Luc , Wallington Tim
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Chemical mechanisms form the core of atmospheric models to describe degradation pathways of pollutants and ultimately inform air quality and climate policy makers and other stakeholders. The accuracy of chemical mechanisms relies on the quality of their input data, which originate from experimental (laboratory, field, chamber) and theoretical (quantum chemistry, theoretical kinetics, machine learning) studies. The development of robust mechanisms requires rigorous and transparent procedures for data collection, mechanism construction and evaluation, and creation of reduced or operationally defined mechanisms. Developments in analytical techniques have led to a large number of identified chemical species in the atmospheric multiphase system which have proved invaluable for our understanding of atmospheric chemistry. At the same time, advances in software and machine learning tools have enabled automated mechanism generation. We discuss strategies for mechanism development, applying empirical or mechanistic approaches. We show the general workflows, how either approach can lead to robust mechanisms and that the two approaches complement each other to result in reliable predictions. Current challenges are discussed related to global change, including shifts in emission scenarios that result in new chemical regimes (e.g. low NO scenarios, wildfires, mega/gigacities) and require the development of new or expanded gas- and aqueous-phase mechanisms. In addition, new mechanisms should be developed to also target oxidation capacity, and aerosol chemistry impacting climate, human and ecosystem health.
Seasonal carbon fluxes from vegetation and soil in a Mediterranean non-tidal salt marsh
Authors: Carrasco-Barea Lorena , Verdaguer Dolors , Gispert Maria , Quintana Xavier D. , Bourhis Hélène , Llorens Laura
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Salt marshes are important ecosystems for carbon sequestration. However, while studies of atmospheric carbon exchange fluxes have been broadly performed in tidal salt marshes, they are scarce in non-tidal salt marshes. In this study we measured, throughout one year, instantaneous net CO2 exchange rates from four halophytes (Sarcocornia fruticosa, Halimione portulacoides, Elytrigia atherica and Salicornia patula), which are dominant species of their corresponding habitat (an halophilous scrub, a salt meadow and a glasswort sward) of a Mediterranean non-tidal salt marsh. Soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes from these habitats were also measured. E. atherica, a perennial herbaceous species, showed the highest photosynthetic rates during the entire year, but S. patula, an annual succulent herb, had also remarkable photosynthetic rates in summer. Interestingly, the woody fraction of the two perennial shrubs, S. fruticosa and H. portulacoides, showed CO2 uptake during most of the daily measurements. Regarding the studied habitats, the halophilous scrub and the salt meadow showed higher soil CO2 emissions than the glasswort sward, being these values, in general, higher than those reported for tidal salt marshes. Both soil absorption and emission of CH4 were detected. In particular, CH4 emissions were remarkably high, similar to those found in low-salinity marshes, and, in general, higher than those reported for salt marshes with a high water table salinity. Soil mineralization quotients of the halophilous scrub and the salt meadow were lower than those measured at the glasswort sward, suggesting a higher soil carbon sequestration potential of the first two habitats.
Seasonal and diurnal freeze-thaw dynamics of a rock glacier and their impacts on mixing and solute transport
Authors: Louis Cyprien , Halloran Landon J. S. , Roques Clément
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Rock glaciers play a vital role in the hydrological functioning of many alpine catchments. Here, we investigate seasonal and daily freeze-thaw cycles of the previously undocumented Canfinal rock glacier (RG) located in the Val d'Ursé catchment (Bernina Range, Switzerland) and the RG's influence on the dynamics of the hydrogeological system. We combine digital image correlation techniques, geochemical and isotopic analyses, time-series analysis, and hydrological monitoring to understand the functioning of the hydrological system. An acceleration of RG creep since 1990 has occurred, with the most active regions exhibiting horizontal velocities of ~1 m/yr. Distinct geochemical signatures of springs influenced by RG discharge reflect contrasting and temporally-variable groundwater mixing ratios. A novel application of frequency-domain analysis to time-series of air temperature and spring electrical conductivity enables a quantitative understanding of the RG thaw and subsurface flow dynamics. A gradual decrease in time-lag between air temperature maximum and spring EC minimum, caused by dilution from RG ice melt, is observed over the snow-free period, implying progressively shorter residence times. Through our multi-method approach, we develop conceptual models for RG-influenced alpine hydrogeological systems on daily and seasonal time-scales.
A Global Daily High Spatial-temporal Coverage Merged Tropospheric NO2 dataset (HSTCM-NO2) from 2007 to 2022 based on OMI and GOME-2
Authors: Qin Kai , Gao Hongrui , Liu Xuancen , He Qin , Cohen Jason Blake
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Remote sensing based on satellites can provide long-term, consistent, and global coverage of NO2 (an important atmospheric air pollutant) as well as other trace gases. However, satellite data often miss data due to factors including but not limited to clouds, surface features, and aerosols. Moreover, one of the longest continuous observational platforms of NO2 observations from space, OMI, has suffered from missing data over certain rows since 2007, significantly reducing spatial coverage. This work uses the OMI based OMNO2 product, as well as an NO2 product from GOME-2 in combination with machine learning (XGBoost) and spatial interpolation (DINEOF) method to produce a 16-year global daily high spatial-temporal coverage merged tropospheric NO2 dataset (HSTCM-NO2, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10968462, Qin et al., 2024), which increases the global spatial coverage of NO2 by ~60 % compared to the original OMINO2 data. The HSTCM-NO2 dataset is validated using upward looking observations of NO2 (MAX-DOAS), other satellites (TROPOMI), and reanalysis products. The comparisons show that HSTCM-NO2 maintains a good correlation with the magnitude of other observational datasets, except for under heavily polluted conditions (>6×1015 molec.cm-2). This work also introduces a new validation technique to validate coherent spatial and temporal signals (EOF) and validates that the HSTCM-NO2 are not only consistent with the original OMNO2 data, but in some parts of the world effectively fill in missing gaps and yield a superior result when analyzing long-range atmospheric transport of NO2. The few differences are also reported to be related to areas in which the original OMNO2 signal was very low, which has been shown elsewhere, but not from this perspective, further validating that applying a minimum cutoff to retrieved NO2 data is essential. The reconstructed data product can effectively extend the utilization value of the original OMNO2 data, and the data quality of HSTCM-NO2 can meet the needs of scientific research.
Selecting CMIP6 GCMs for CORDEX Dynamical Downscaling over Southeast Asia Using a Standardised Benchmarking Framework
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Loan , Alexander Lisa V. , Thatcher Marcus J. , Truong Son C. H. , Isphording Rachael N. , McGregor John L.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Downscaling global climate models (GCMs) provides crucial, high-resolution data needed for informed decision-making at regional scales. However, there is no uniform approach to select the most suitable GCMs. Over Southeast Asia (SEA), observations are sparse and have large uncertainties, complicating GCM selection especially for rainfall. To guide this selection, we apply a standardised benchmarking framework to select CMIP6 GCMs for dynamical downscaling over SEA, addressing current observational limitations. This framework identifies fit-for-purpose models through a two-step process: (a) selecting models that meet minimum performance requirements in simulating the fundamental characteristics of rainfall (e.g., bias, spatial pattern, annual cycle, and trend) and (b) selecting models from (a) to further assess whether key precipitation drivers (monsoon) and teleconnections from modes of variability are captured [El Niño-Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)]. GCMs generally exhibit wet biases, particularly over the complex terrain of the Maritime Continent. Evaluations from the first step identify 19 out of 32 GCMs that meet our minimum performance expectations in simulating rainfall. These models also consistently capture atmospheric circulations and teleconnections with modes of variability over the region but overestimate their strength. Ultimately, we identify eight GCMs meeting our performance expectations. There are obvious, high-performing GCMs from allied modelling groups, highlighting the dependency of the subset of models identified from the framework. Therefore, further tests on model independence, data availability, and future climate change spread are conducted, resulting in a final sub-set of two independent models that align with our a priori expectations for downscaling over CORDEX-SEA.
No differences in outcomes with stopping or continuing antibiotic suppression in periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Furukawa Daisuke , Dunning Megan , Shen Sa , Chang Amy , Aronson Jenny , Amanatullah Derek F. , Suh Gina A. , Kappagoda Shanthi
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The data on long-term antibiotic use following debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) for treatment of periprosthetic joint infections are limited. In this single-center retrospective study, we show that patients with eventual cessation of antibiotic suppression after DAIR had similar outcomes to those who remained on chronic antibiotic suppression.
Unbalanced relationship between flood risk perception and flood preparedness from the perspective of response intention and socio-economic factors: a case study of Nanjing, China
Authors: Li Yabo , Wang Peng
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Although risk perception and flood preparedness were crucial in flood management, perceived flood risk was not always translated into flood preparedness. It was essential to investigate the potential association between risk perception and flood preparedness. This study focused on Nanjing as the research region, designed questionnaire survey and explored the influence relationship between risk perception and flood preparedness. Participants showed the medium perception of food risk and higher flood preparedness. Higher risk perception was observed in individuals with regular exercising, the elderly, low education level and long living time. Higher flood preparedness occurred among groups of females, the elderly and high education level. Individuals relied more on threat appraisal to perceive risk, which failed to trigger high enough coping appraisal. Inadequate risk perception led to a strenuous transform into flood preparedness with unbalanced relationship. Groups with distinct socio-economic characteristics exhibited varying preferences to achieve risk perception and flood preparedness. Females relied more on flood knowledge to perceive flood risk. Path analysis suggested that threat appraisal transformed into flood preparedness under the effect of response intention and social-economic features. Groups with high education level or bad health were more likely to perceive risk and engage in preventive behavior. These findings could provide critical insights into intervention strategies for enhancing public flood preparedness in flood management.
The value of multi-source data for improved flood damage modelling with explicit input data uncertainty treatment: INSYDE 2.0
Authors: Di Bacco Mario , Molinari Daniela , Scorzini Anna Rita
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Accurate flood damage modelling is essential to estimate the potential impact of floods and to develop effective mitigation strategies. However, flood damage models rely on diverse sources of hazard, exposure and vulnerability data, which are often incomplete, inconsistent or totally missing. These issues with data quality or availability introduce uncertainties into the modelling process and affect the final risk estimations. In this study, we present INSYDE 2.0, a flood damage modelling tool that integrates detailed survey and desk-based data for enhanced reliability and informativeness of flood damage predictions, including an explicit representation of the effect of uncertainties arising from incomplete knowledge of the variables characterising the system under investigation.
العلاقة بين التربية والإرشاد المدرسي في المجتمع الفلسطيني من وجهة نظر اولياء الأمور (دراسة على عينة من سكان مدينة رام الله)
Authors:   أستاذ علم الاجتماع وباحث في مجال العلوم الاجتماعية، رام الله، فلسطين, علاونة عبد المجيد
Published: May 2024

لقد هدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة العلاقة بين التربية وبين أساليب الإرشاد المدرسي في داخل المجتمع العربي الفلسطيني، وتم أخذ أولياء أمور الطلبة كمجتمع بحثي وذلك بأخذ عينة منهم بقيمة وصلت الى 2194، في مدينة رام الله وسط المجتمع الفلسطيني، وذلك باستخدام المنهج الوصفي وأداة الاستبانة المغلقة، وقد توصل هذا البحث إلى أن قيم التربية وقيم الأساليب الإرشادية قد جاءت ما بين المرتفعة والمتوسطة في معظمها، بالإضافة الى وجود علاقة قوية وذات دلالة إحصائية بينهما، وهذا يدل على أنه كلما تحسنت أساليب التربية انعكس ذلك ايجاباً على أساليب الإرشاد المدرسي، وبناء على ذلك تم وضع عدد من التوصيات جاء منها: ضرورة الاهتمام بالجانب التربوي من قبل كافة مؤسسات التنشئة الاجتماعية وفي مقدمتها الأسرة والمدرسة، وإعداد خطط تربوية مدرسية حديثة تتوافق مع التطورات الحاصلة في العالم، وضرورة العمل على التنبيه من خلال عمليات التربية والإرشاد إلى العمل على أخذ ما هو إيجابي وترك ما هو سلبي من قبل الطلبة وذلك مما هو منتشر حالياً خاصة على شبكة الإنترنت العالمية وما له من تأثيرات كبيرة عليهم وعلى حياتهم من حيث إمكانية التقليد أو التجريب وغيرها. والاهتمام من قبل المؤسسات الرسمية والأهلية والخاصة بالقيم التربوية والتركيز أيضاً على الاهتمام بالأساليب الإرشادية في المدارس وضرورة التعاون ما بين الاسرة والمدرسة والمعلمين في هذا الجانب، وإعداد دراسات كمية وكيفية عن موضوعات التربية والأساليب الإرشادية والعلاقة بينهما.
Izvještaji iz "Balvanije"
Authors: Drača Vinko
Published: May 2024

Članak nudi imagološku analizu izvještavanja o pobuni Srba u Hrvatskoj u dva regionalno snažna dnevna lista: Slobodnoj Dalmaciji i Glasu Slavonije tijekom 1990. i 1991. godine. Izvještavanje i komentiranje samih početaka ratnih zbivanja u dnevnom tisku promatra se kroz tri česta i zastupljena skupa imagema preko koje se percipiralo Srbe u Hrvatskoj: imagem “Balkana” i “Europe” kao semantički suprotstavljenih pojmova kroz koje se percipiralo Srbe i Hrvate, imageme “hajdučiji” i “razbojništvu” i narativ o “zavjeraštvu”. Svi navedeni imagemi evocirali su etničke stereotipe i poticali strah i mržnju prema Srbima i s vremenom su postupno uklopljeni u dominantan nacionalistički narativ.
Comparative Study of Staphylococcus epidermidis Virulence Profiles in an animal Model of Endophthalmitis
Authors: Samudio Margarita , Abente Sonia , Villalba Vanesa , Penniecook Jason , González Emilio , Schinini Alicia , Figueredo Susy , Duré Carolina , Mino de Kaspar Herminia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Gram-positive staphylococci are responsible for over 90% of cases of postoperative infectious endophthalmitis, with Staphylococcus epidermidis accounting for approximately 70% of isolated microorganisms. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between S. epidermidis virulence and severity of endophthalmitis in an animal model. Methodology: New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into two groups and administered 100 colony-forming units of S. epidermidis strains. In the virulent group, four rabbits received a multi-antibiotic resistant, mecA, ica, and atlE gene carrying S. epidermidis strain, from a patient´s conjuntival microbiota and three a biofilm-forming S. epidermidis ATCC 35984. In the non-virulent group, five rabbits were inoculated with a strain sensitive to all tested antibiotics and lacking mecA, ica, and atlE genes, also from a patient and three rabbits received the non-producer biofilm S. epidermidis ATCC 29122. Clinical and ultrasound examinations were conducted every three hours until endophthalmitis symptoms appeared, followed by daily clinical assessments. Histological evaluations were performed 15 days post-inoculation. Results: The less virulent group displayed milder inflammation and reduced intraocular damage in comparison to the more virulent group based on clinical and ultrasound observations. Nevertheless, histopathological analysis revealed similar inflammation in all groups, 15 days post-inoculation. Discussion: Less virulent S. epidermidis strains induced less severe inflammation as observed through clinical and ultrasound assessments. However, long-term histopathological assessments showed effects comparable to those seen with the more virulent strain.
Importancia de las retinopatías en salud pública
Authors: Ramírez Dittrich Mirtha
Published: May 2024

La importancia del estudio de retinopatías en salud pública, se debe a que casi el 3 % de la ceguera global es atribuída a la retinopatía diabética, según datos proporcionados por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). A nivel nacional desde el Programa Nacional de Salud Ocular del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social (MSP y BS), se insta a los pacientes con diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus a acudir a los controles en los consultorios oftalmológicos de la red.
Actualmente en Paraguay nos encontramos en estadio de planificación para posterior desarrollo de la nueva Encuesta Rápida de Ceguera Prevenible (RAAB) así como de la Herramienta de Análisis de la situación de la Salud Ocular (ECSAT), dentro de la Comisión Nacional de Visión Paraguay (CONAVIP) bajo asesoría de la OPS, con lo que esperamos conocer la situación actual de la salud ocular en nuestro país y con ello determinar nuevos objetivos para el próximo Plan Nacional de Salud Ocular, cuya última actualización data del año 2011.
De manera conjunta con la CONAVIP, la Sociedad Paraguaya de Oftalmología (SPO) y la OPS, están elaborando un programa para la introducción de la Oftalmología en los niveles de atención primaria, ya que el sentido de la vista no está aislado del resto del organismo, basado en las múltiples afecciones sistémicas como la diabetes e hipertensión, patologías más prevalentes que como consecuencia pueden conllevar a retinopatías y probable causa de ceguera.
La pandemia nos dejó una experiencia invaluable en el ejercicio de la teleoftalmología, tanto en su potencial como en sus limitaciones y lo más disruptivo se relaciona con la Inteligencia Artificial aplicada a la oftalmología, especialmente en la detección y diagnóstico de la Retinopatía Diabética en niños y adultos jóvenes, ya que en salud pública es más costoso tener una población joven con discapacidad visual.
Tenemos muchos desafíos en el Paraguay con respecto al alcance en la detección y sobre todo tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética, pero a través de estrategias orientadas en los puntos mencionados, podremos cambiar la situación de nuestro territorio, hacia una mejor salud visual y calidad de vida para nuestros pacientes.
Management of conflict situations at the level of the class of students in primary education
Authors: DABIJA (CHIRIAC) Laura
Published: May 2024

This article presents the management and management of conflict situations, which constitute some of the hardest tests of ability and professional ethics, given that a conflict situation has implications both on the com- munication channels and on the environment in which the participants evolve. The issue of educational manage- ment has a special significance in the context of modern society, made up of a set of organizations that regulate or facilitate almost all aspects of human existence. In this context, the idea is increasingly accepted that the school must be analyzed as a complex type of organization, a system with a set of its own objectives, with a certain distribution of power and authority, with specific functions and responsibilities, made up of necessary integrated parts which enable it to function in an attempt to achieve its objectives.
Eighteen Thousand Nine Hundred Seventy Gallstones Removed in Cholecystectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Jabbar Mirani Abdul , Albaqali Ali , Alsaegh Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Gallstones vary in nature, size, shape, and number. Cholesterol stones are the most common type. Cholelithiasis tend to be asymptomatic. The most common symptom is biliary colic. More serious complications include cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and gallstone pancreatitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard of treatment.
We describe a case of gallstone disease in a 27 years old male, where about eighteen thousand nine hundred seventy stones were extracted from the gallbladder through laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Key words: Multiple gallstones, Cholelithiasis, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Capítulo 10. Intensivos vs. ocasionales: Perfil sociodemográfico y actitudes políticas de los usuarios de Internet y redes sociales durante la campaña
Authors: Sánchez-Duarte José Manuel , Valera-Ordaz Lidia
Published: May 2024

La ampliación del ecosistema informativo y de acción política a la red ha creado nuevos espacios que a su vez definen otros modos de actuar en política. Las lealtades, repertorios y lenguajes se amplían y complementan en diferentes capas expresivas y de acción política. También los modos y las posibilidades de organizar la dieta mediática y de compartirla con otros usuarios.
Las visiones más optimistas en torno a la relación entre tecnologías digitales y política advierten la formación de una esfera pública en red que amplía los espacios y las prácticas convencionales y favorece el intercambio discursivo y de acción. Como contraparte, una aproximación crítica señala cómo la estructura de Internet y la cultura derivada de su uso constituyen un panorama uniformador caracterizado por el consumo homogéneo de información y con prácticas políticas sin incidencia real sobre el sistema político ni auténtica promoción de cambio social. Este capítulo se centra en el análisis de las redes sociales durante las elecciones de 2019, pero desde el punto de vista del usuario. Desde esta perspectiva, los autores buscan desgranar las características que definen a los usuarios intensivos de redes sociales respecto de la población general, tanto desde un punto de vista sociodemográfico como en lo que se refiere a la adscripción ideológica y el consumo mediático.
Metatarsal Sesamoids: Borges-Napoleon Sign
Authors: Morais Yuri Borges , Felix Levy da Costa , Azevedo Jones Aguiar de
Published: May 2024

The metatarsal sesamoids have been well studied due to their consistent presence in humans and relatively common involvement in foot pathologies. The manifestations of sesamoid lesions on imaging depend on the nature of the pathology and generally overlap. During observation in sectional examinations, an anatomical pattern sign of the sesamoid bones of the first metatarsal was identified to be assessed by specialists in diagnostic imaging to note alterations that deviate from this anatomical pattern sign. Would the anatomical pattern sign in question help in the diagnosis of pathological alterations once it has been de-characterized? The presentation of the Borges-Napoleon sign characterizes the normality of the bones involved in the image, making it safe to diagnose pathological alterations that compromise their structure. Therefore, presenting this idealization could help improve medical reports. The sign is described as the "Borges-Napoleon Sign" because of its resemblance to the silhouette of the Frenchman Napoleon Bonaparte and in reference to the creator of the imaging description, Yuri Borges Morais. Pathological alterations such as traumatic injuries, sesamoiditis, dislocations, fractures, and hallux valgus ("bunions"), among others, de-characterize the Borges-Napoleon sign; the absence of the sign is indicative of an abnormality in the metatarsal-sesamoid-phalangeal region.
Blue-Violet Light-Blocking Eye Protectors in Dental Practice: A Preliminary Study
Authors:   Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1, Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan., Mitate Eiji , Moriwaki Shigeki ,   Isuzu Glass Ltd, 1-53, Rinku Ohrai-kita, Izumisano-City, Osaka 598-0048, Japan., Masui Ichiro ,   Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hirose Hospital, 1-21-11, Watanabe-Dori, Chou-ku, Fukuoka-City, Fukuoka 810-0004, Japan.
Published: May 2024

Healthcare professionals are exposed to various intense light sources during dental practice. Of particular concern is blueviolet light (wavelength 380-500 nm), which can impact retinal health, necessitating effective mitigation strategies. In this study, we assessed the practical utility of lenses designed to reduce blue-violet light to wavelengths of approximately 420 nm or shorter within the dental practice setting. Two dentists and four dental hygienists participated in the study. The participants wore either blue-light-reducing lenses or lenses with no effect for one month. The degree of eye strain was evaluated using flicker values. The results revealed that four of the six participants experienced reduced eye strain while wearing blue-violet light-reducing lenses. In conclusion, this study addresses the acknowledged impact of blue-violet light on retinal health. However, the long-term prognosis remains uncertain. Therefore, considering the potential unknown effects, it is necessary to discuss the use of blue-violet light-cut lenses in everyday practice as a risk-management strategy.
Is There a Link Between the Increased Consumption of Sports Drinks and Dental Decay?
Authors:   UCL Eastman Dental Institute, UK., Fine Peter , Haughey John ,   UCL Eastman Dental Institute, UK.
Published: May 2024

Background: The role of oral health in influencing athletic performance has been well documented. The use of sports drinks has been linked with an increase in poor oral health including dental decay. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between sports drinks and dental decay/pain amongst elite athletes and the incidence of dental decay/pain. Hypothesis: This study is looking at the hypothesis that the consumption of sports drinks leads to dental disease, particularly dental decay. Level of evidence: Local and current random sample; randomized trial; cohort study or control arm of randomized trial; inception cohort study. Methods: An opportunistic volunteer survey of elite athletes attending a varied international sporting competition. Analysis of the data was undertaken using descriptive statistics, mean values and standard deviations. Associations between demographic information and results were presented. A p value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: 458 completed questionnaires were distributed and received. The link between the frequency of sports drinks consumption and dental decay/pain was marginally statistically significant, (X2 , p=0.077). Isotonic sports drinks and sensitivity was statistically significant (X2 , p=<0.001). 197(43%) athletes reported drinking sports drinks at least once a week; 33 athletes (7%) reported consuming sports drinks a minimum of three times a day. n=175 (35%) athletes reported that they saw their nutritionist for advice about sports drinks, only n=21 (4%) sought advice from the dentist. One in four athletes reported seeing their dentist due to pain (n=116; 25.3%). Conclusion: This study covered a diverse group of elite athletes. It is unclear whether the use of sports drinks does result in more tooth decay, but dentists should educate athletes and their supporting teams about the potential risks from these drinks thus mitigating those potential risks. Clinical relevance: By understanding the magnitude of the challenge of dental decay facilitated by sports drinks, it is hoped that adequate preventative measures can be put in place. Thus, supporting the athletes towards better oral health and performance.
Effects of Auditory Cue Length and Visual Cue Superimposition on Gait Initiation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan., Hashimoto Takao , Sato Hiromasa ,   Department of Neurology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Effects of cues on gait disturbance in Parkinson’s disease (PD) depend on features of cue presentation. We investigated the effects of the length of simple auditory cues on cue-triggered gait initiation in PD. Methods: The subjects were 8 PD patients in OFF-state (6 women and two men, aged 50-75 years) and 8 normal controls (NCs) (5 women and three men, aged 55-77 years). For the assessment of gait initiation, the subjects were instructed to take three steps without the strong constraint of a quick start. The auditory cues consisted of long and short beeps, and the visual cue was a red light-emitting diode (LED) line projected across the floor 15 cm in front of the subjects’ toes. The four experimental conditions were: (1) short Beep condition (0.1 sec), (2) long Beep condition (3 sec), (3) short Beep/LED condition and (4) long Beep/LED condition. Results: The gait initiation time was delayed, and the initial step length was short under the Beep conditions in the PD patients compared with those in the NCs. Neither parameter differed between the short Beep and the long Beep conditions. Superimposition of the visual cues improved the gait initiation time under the short Beep condition and the initial step length under the short and long Beep conditions. Conclusion: The duration of single auditory cues does not contribute to the gait initiation time and initial step length in PD. Although large-sized studies are necessary to confirm the results, instantaneous auditory perception may be the primary driving force for the effects of single auditory cues on gait initiation.
De la negación a la catarsis. El debate en torno a la pandemia de la COVID-19 1*
Authors: García Pascual María Cristina
Published: May 2024

En la gran discusión pública en torno a la pandemia de la COVID-19 fueposible identificar cuatro líneas argumentales que contenían un análisis delevento pandémico, una valoración y una predicción o propuesta futuro. Laprimera fue la de la negación o el engaño bajo el paradigma del Estado deexcepción permanente. La segunda cifró el peligro en la posible inacción delos Estados y en la consiguiente violación de la dignidad humana. La terceraconsideró la pandemia un acelerador de la crisis de los sistemas democráticosy del triunfo del capitalismo tecnológico. Finalmente, la cuarta líneaargumental anunció el advenimiento de un momento único de catarsis colectiva.El objeto de este artículo es repensar con la perspectiva del tiempo losmarcos interpretativos que iluminaron un debate que todavía hoy no puededarse por cerrado.
Casadei, Thomas, y Zanetti, Gianfrancesco. Manual de Filosofía del Derecho. Figuras, categorías, contextos. Prefacio y traducción de Fernando Higinio Llano Alonso, Tecnos, Madrid, 2023, 503 pp.
Authors: Mesa León Antonio
Published: May 2024

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Pérez De La Fuente, Óscar; Tsesis, Alexander, y Skr-zypczak, Jedrzej (eds.). Minorities, Free Speech and the Internet, Routledge studies in human rights, Nueva York, 2023, 243 pp.
Authors: Carbajal-Camberos Juan
Published: May 2024

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Prescrizione di antibiotici in Pronto Soccorso pediatrico
Authors: Pacati Ilaria , Ghitti Cesare , Clavenna Antonio
Published: May 2024

Background - The emergency department (ED) is an important site of care in which inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and the consequent impact of antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be reduced. Objective - The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the pattern of antibiotic prescriptions for upper respiratory tract infections in children examined in 3 different ED located in Azienda Ospedaliera Bergamo-Est and to highlight the possibilities for a reduction and a more appropriate use of this class of drugs, overprescribed in paediatric age. Methods - A retrospective observational study was performed on children younger than 18 years of age, who were examined in a general hospital near Bergamo from January 2020 to September 2022. The proportion and type of antibiotic prescription according to demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging data were determined. Results - 4,731 children were included in the study and 894 (18.9%) received an antibiotic prescription. The prevalence of antibiotic prescription varies with age, with a peak at 1-5 years (21.7%), and depending on the diagnosis, from 2.5 % in children with influenza to 78.4% in children with otitis. Amoxicillin/clavulanate was the most prescribed antibiotic (47% of antibiotic prescriptions), while the percentage of amoxicillin prescription was low (36%). In patients examined for pharyngotonsillitis, amoxicillin was prescribed to 43% of those treated with antibiotics. Conclusions - This study supports the need for a new comprehensive approach to ensure successful antibiotic stewardship. A guide to the use of new diagnostic tests (molecular biology, genome sequencing and immunoenzymatic assays) in a “diagnostic stewardship” perspective may be helpful; however, clinical evaluation remains of fundamental and central importance.
La torsione dell ovaio può essere subdola
Authors: Tonetto Stefania
Published: May 2024

The case of a 13-year-old girl presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting, ultimately diagnosed with ovarian torsion, is described.
The Houses of Hellenistic–Roman Tel Dor: A Study of Domestic Social Practices and Economic Activities
Authors: Miller Shulamit , Gekht Yuli , Rebecca Martin S. , Matskevich Sveta , Sharon (ז”ל) Ilan
Published: May 2024

This article engages the houses of the southern Phoenician coastal city of Tel Dor as a means to explore the social practices and smaller-scale economic activities of residents. It uses access and lighting analyses alongside observations of architectural planning and decoration in four case-study houses from distinct areas of the city. The approach elucidates how particular domestic spaces function and the social logic that shapes them. It shows that socially diverse residents lived within the city. While there is a locally distinctive approach to domestic architecture connecting these Hellenistic- to Roman-era case studies, preferences for the articulation of space vary by neighborhood and status. Even within social class, some houses show greater receptivity to new planning and decorating styles. Finally, it demonstrates that only the very finest house clearly eschews the broader Roman trend of incorporating household industries to support the economic growth of the residents.
Revitalización de creencias y cosmovisión de la comunidad shuar Atahualpa, de la parroquia taracoa, cantón francisco de orellana, provincia de orellana a través de la innovación de productos para su rescate y difusión.
Authors:   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana., Lara Vasconez Rita Sulema , Ramirez Quiñonez Kimberly Tatiana ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana., Monar Monar Joffre Stalin ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana., Quinchuela Pozo Flor Maria ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana.
Published: May 2024

El riesgo de pérdida de la identidad de la comunidad Shuar debido al cambio de costumbres, usos sociales ha causa la ruptura de lazos históricos identitarios con las tradiciones lo que ha ocasionado un rechazo a los valores y prácticas ancestrales debido a la falta de interpretación y transmisión adecuada; por esta razón, se plantea revitalizar las creencias y cosmovisión de la comunidad Shuar Atahualpa de la parroquia Taracoa a partir de la innovación de productos turísticos motivando su difusión y rescate. La metodología empleada fue de tipo cualitativa, descriptiva, exploratorio y de campo, se utilizaron técnicas de observación, investigación bibliográfica, aplicación de encuestas, entrevistas y llenado de fichas, los instrumentos utilizados fueron un cuestionario, preguntas para la entrevista, la ficha de registro e inventario de patrimonio cultural inmaterial y una ficha interactiva para los niños, esto para la recopilación de información; consecuentemente, con la información recolectada se decidió el material didáctico innovador que englobe las creencias y cosmovisión de la comunidad para su divulgación. Tras la aplicación de los instrumentos se determinó que existieron 16 características relevantes de las creencias y cosmovisión de la comunidad Shuar, los cuales engloban creencias ancestrales, gastronomía, música, danza y vestimenta tradicional, así como expresiones orales a manera de cuentos y canciones, con estas características se elaboró una minihistorieta con material didáctico, como sopa de letras, llamada JEMPE y un rompecabezas digital cultural con ilustraciones representativas de la misma denominado UNIENDO NUESTRA CULTURA. Se concluyó que la comunidad Shuar Atahualpa posee un potencial valioso en sus creencias y cosmovisión, brindando oportunidades singulares para la concepción y evolución de un innovador producto turístico a través de una minihistorieta en conjunto con un rompecabezas cultural digital, los cuales se recomienda promocionar activamente tanto en la comunidad como entre los visitantes.
Impacts of Corporate Governance on Corporate Sustainability Disclosure in the Food and Beverage Industry Vietnamese listed firms.
Authors: Ngoc Ngo Thi , Huong Nguyen Thi Lien , Khanh Linh Nguyen Ngoc , Hien Nguyen Thi , Ha Dinh Thi
Published: May 2024

This study investigates how corporate governance factors impact corporate sustainability disclosure (CSD) within Vietnam's food and beverage industry. It crunches numbers from 2014 to 2022 for companies in this sector. Using regression analysis on panel data, the study examines variables like company size, financial leverage, regulations, board structure (including duality and independent board size), gender diversity in boards and CEO positions, and ownership (state and foreign). The findings reveal that larger firms, a supportive regulatory environment, and male board chairs lead to more CSD. Conversely, higher financial leverage and foreign ownership seem to hinder it. On the other hand, factors like board duality, CEO gender, and state ownership did not show significant impacts. This study enhances our understanding of CSD and offers practical insights into how corporate governance shapes disclosure practices. It emphasizes the importance of regulatory frameworks in driving CSD in Vietnamese firms, suggesting that relying solely on voluntary disclosure might not suffice to achieve desired outcomes.
Analysis of Datasheet of Photovoltaic Modules and Calculation of Its Parameters
Authors: Rohit Repalle , Kishor Gudipati
Published: May 2024

The adoption of photovoltaic (PV) technology for electricity generation is gaining momentum worldwide, primarily due to its capability to mitigate carbon emissions. In India, the central cabinet has approved a scheme aimed at installing rooftop solar panels, further propelling the popularity of PV systems. Understanding the intricacies of photovoltaic modules and their associated parameters is crucial for gaining insights into their IV characteristics and making informed decisions when selecting PV panels. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of photovoltaic modules ranging from 210 Watts to 240 Watts, elucidating the calculation of cell efficiency and demonstrating mathematical analyses illustrating how temperature influences the characteristics of PV cells. Utilizing Matlab/Simulink, PV panel behavior is observed, providing valuable insights into real-world performance. Through practical parameter calculations and empirical results, the significance of these analyses in the context of PV panel selection is underscored, highlighting their importance for informed decision-making in renewable energy deployment.
Spiritual Leadership In Modern Organization: A Study Based On Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Nayyar Dr. Saroj , Tripathi Dr.Lubhawani , Sharma Ms. Harsha , Behera Mr. Gulsan Kumar , Sahu Mrs Asha , Sahu Mrs. Jayati
Published: May 2024

Researchers and practitioners, offers a promising avenue toward more meaningful and productive work environments. This leadership approach revolves around aligning a leader’s spiritual values with organizational goals, inspiring purpose in followers, and enhancing performance. Despite a growing body of research, the scholarly understanding of spiritual leadership remains fragmented and lacks coherence. Subjective review methods often impede a comprehensive grasp of objective insights and hinder the establishment of a clear research path. To bridge this gap, our study pioneers a combined bibliometric and thematic analysis approach, examining 100 high-quality papers from 2010 to 2021. By unraveling the web of citations, shared references, and recurring keywords, we illuminate influential voices, landmark publications, and key contributors, creating a comprehensive con ceptual framework. Our analysis identifies 2 to 3 core thematic clusters, providing a roadmap for future research and enhancing the practical application of spiritual leadership in organizations. This study contributes to theoretical and managerial domains, offering nuanced insights and empowering further exploration in this impactful field, emphasizing the role of spiritual leadership in fostering a profound connection to organizational values.
Prevalence Of Different Stages Of Oral Submucous Fibrosis In India: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Evanjelin P Jency , Maheswari T N Uma , Salam Sajjad , Tripathi Shubham , Pandey Abhishek , Bahadure Pranali , Kashwani Ritik
Published: May 2024

Background: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a persistent and gradually developing disorder that impacts the mouth and occasionally the throat. It is marked by an inflammatory response just beneath the epithelium and alterations in the fibroelastic components of the lamina propria. These changes result in stiffness of the oral mucosa, limited mouth opening (trismus), and challenges with eating. OSMF is distinguished by its significantly elevated potential to progress into malignancy, compared to other oral lesions with a risk of malignancy, predominantly affecting those of Indian and Southeast Asian descent. The global prevalence rate stands at 2.28% - 8.62%, with a notable gender disparity in occurrence and a malignant transformation rate of 4.2%. Aim: The objective of this research is to evaluate the prevalence and distribution by gender of OSMF stages within a private dental institution, with a particular emphasis on examining the relationship between the frequency of the disease and the occurrence of its stages. Materials and Methods: Over a period of 32 months, a cross-sectional analysis was carried out in the outpatient section of the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. After receiving approval from the ethics committee, 337 individuals diagnosed with OSMF were selected for inclusion in the study, with information categorized according to gender and age. Results: The study found a significant male predominance (94%) among the patients, with a mean age of 31-50 years. Stage 2 OSMF was more prevalent among both genders, followed by stage 3 and 1, indicating a specific pattern of disease progression. Discussion: Consistent with previous studies, our research confirmed a male predominance in OSMF occurrence. The age and stage distribution aligns partially with existing literature, suggesting a predominant affliction of individuals in their mid-life. Contrary to Anuna Liala Mathew et al.'s findings, our study observed a higher prevalence of stage 2 OSMF, underscoring potential variations in disease progression or detection practices. Conclusion: OSMF presents a significant public health challenge due to its high malignant transformation potential and association with arecanut and tobacco use. This study highlights the urgent need for public education on the adverse effects of these substances and calls for enhanced awareness and management strategies for OSMF, particularly considering its prevalence and severity among males in the studied population.
The impact of palliative care and parental involvement on the emotional health of children with cancer: an integrative review
Authors: Parreira Araújo Larissa , Aranha Rudsit Beatriz , De Almeida Goto Ana Raquel , Pedroso Vichoski Danielli , Soares Piveta João Gabriel , Cristina Cola Paula , Emílio Herculiani Cristóvam
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study was to carry out an integrative review to analyze the impact of palliative care and parental involvement on the emotional health of children with cancer. For the search, the PubMed database was considered, with the following descriptors: “Mental health; Palliative care; Health; Oncology". Articles using only the English language were included, with individuals aged between 0 and 18 years old, with publication data from 2019 to 2023. After the research carried out, 5 articles were selected, in which it was identified that children undergoing Palliative care presents increased fear, pain relief and fewer depressive symptoms. In addition, research shows that parents have an important role in alleviating the negative impacts of cancer treatment on children. Parents are adept at palliative care, due to some factors, such as: lack of recognition, accessibility and understanding of how palliative care works. Therefore, it is concluded that the impacts of exposure to palliative care and parental involvement are beneficial to the emotional health of the patient. oncological child.
Morphological aspects of the heart of young rats subjected to high and medium intensity progressive resistance physical exercise protocols
Authors: Sara Campos Vaz Luna , De Andrade Márcia Reimol , Cristina Moreira Damázio Laila
Published: May 2024

The present study investigated the effects of medium and high intensity physical exercise on the morphology of the heart of young rats, after carrying out two physical exercise protocols on the stairs, medium and high intensity. We used 24 young male Wistar rats, 21 days old, divided into three groups: sedentary control group (CG, n=8), group trained with medium intensity physical exercises (GM, n=8) and group trained with physical exercises high intensity (GA, n=8). For 4 weeks, the animals in the GM and GA groups were subjected to a medium and high intensity physical exercise protocol. The physical exercise protocol was applied over a period of 4 weeks, 5 days a week. After training, the animals were euthanized and the heart was removed for weighing, analysis of macroscopic morphology (left ventricular thickness, weight, analysis of diameter and ventricular area); The 5um sections were then processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) for subsequent histomorphometric analysis of the cardiomyocytes. The results did not demonstrate significant differences in the macroscopic parameters of the heart (weight, left ventricular thickness, ventricular area, total area, ventricular diameter). A significant difference was observed in the area of cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle of rats that exercised with high intensity. It is concluded that rats exercising at high intensity showed an increase in the area of cardiomyocytes compared to rats that exercised at medium intensity and sedentary ones. Thus, it is concluded that progressive resistance physical exercise on the vertical ladder when performed at high intensity promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in young rats.