bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The iPhone Measure app level function as a measuring device for the weight bearing lunge test in adults: a reliability study
Authors: Banwell Helen A. , Uden Hayley , Marshall Nicole , Altmann Carlie , Williams Cylie M.
Published: July 2019

Background

Ankle joint range of motion is a frequently assessed measure used by health care clinicians who manage lower limb pathologies to identify ankle equinus and/or other joint motion concerns that may negatively impact on function. The purpose of this study was to assess a new iPhone application (the level function of the ‘Measure application’), for measuring the weightbearing ankle lunge test in a healthy adult population (reliability) and measuring known angles (validity) when compared to a digital inclinometer.

Methods

To determine intra‐rater reliability, inter‐rater reliability and concurrent validity, 168 measures were conducted on 21 participants. Participants were preconditioned prior to assessment, and two experienced raters measured ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in the knee extended and knee flexed positions of the weight bearing lunge test, using an iPhone level function (of the Measure application) and a digital inclinometer in a randomised order, over two timepoints. Concurrent validity was also determined by comparison of measures of the two devices at known surface angles (0 and 15 degrees) in multiple planes. Reliability and validity were determined with intraclass correlation coefficients, concurrent validity was explored with the Bland Altman plot and an intraclass correlation coefficient. The Standard Error of the Mean and the minimal detectable change were also explored.

Results

The intra‐rater reliability using the iPhone and inter‐rater reliability using the digital inclinometer, in the knee extended position, were ICC 0.85 respectively, indicating good reliability. All other intra‐rater reliability and inter‐rater reliability for both devices and both leg positions were over ICC 0.90, indicating excellent reliability. Concurrent validity between the two devices on a flat and known angle surface were ICC 1.0 (Limits of Agreement − 1.0 to 0.61), indicating excellent validity, with good validity demonstrated by a Bland Altman plot of all measures in all positions (ICC of 0.84 (Limits of agreement = − 4.51 to 6.49)).

Conclusion

The use of the iPhone level measure, within the Measurement App has demonstrated to be an easy and reliable measurement tool to determine ankle joint dorsiflexion during the weightbearing lunge test in healthy adults.
Caffeine, Type of Coffee, and Risk of Ovarian Cancer: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies
Authors: Salari-Moghaddam Asma , Milajerdi Alireza , Surkan Pamela J , Larijani Bagher , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad
Published: July 2019

Context

Prospective studies on caffeine and different types of coffee intake in relation to the risk of ovarian cancer have shown conflicting results.

Objective

The aim of the present study was to perform a dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies on the association between dietary caffeine intake, different types of coffee consumption, and the risk of ovarian cancer.

Data sources

PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched to identify relevant studies reported until October 2018.

Study selection

Prospective cohort studies that had considered caffeine or different types of coffee as the exposure variable and ovarian cancer as the main outcome variable or as one of the outcome variables were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. Two of us independently screened 9344 publications. A total of 14 cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis.

Data extraction

Two of us independently extracted the data. Any disagreements were resolved in consultation with the principal investigator.

Results

Combining 13 effect sizes, we found no substantial association between coffee consumption and risk of ovarian cancer [risk ratio (RR), 1.08; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.33]. Also, one additional cup daily of coffee consumption was marginally associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.05; P = 0.21; I2 = 0.0%; Pheterogeneity = 0.68). No statistically significant association was observed between caffeine intake or caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer.

Conclusions

We found no statistically significant association between caffeine intake or different types of coffee and the risk of ovarian cancer.
Adrenalectomy Completely Cured Hypertension in Patients With Familial Hyperaldosteronism Type I Who Had Somatic KCNJ5 Mutation
Authors: Lin Yu-Fang , Peng Kang-Yung , Chang Chia-Hui , Hu Ya-Hui , Wu Vin-Cent , Chueh Jeff S , Wu Kwan-Dun
Published: July 2019

Context

Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I) or glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA) is caused by unequal crossing over of the steroid 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) genes. Somatic KCNJ5 mutations have not been reported in patients with GRA; therefore, the appropriate treatment and prognosis of such concurrent cases remain unknown.

Case Description

Two siblings of a Taiwanese family with GRA were found to have adrenal adenomas and somatic KCNJ5 mutations. Complete clinical cure was achieved after unilateral adrenalectomy. Furthermore, the conversion site of the chimeric gene was identified by direct sequencing.

Conclusions

We report the coexistence of a somatic KCNJ5 mutation and GRA. Patients with GRA whose blood pressure management develops resistance to glucocorticoid treatment could therefore benefit from a lateralization test. The promising outcomes after unilateral adrenalectomy presented in this report offer new perspectives for further research into various PA subtypes.
IMPLEMENTATION METHOD OF MASTER SLAVE SYSTEM FOR MOTORCYCLE AND SAFETY HELMETS
Authors: Nova suryangga Nova Suryangga
Published: July 2019

Abstract— Motorcycle theft often occurs due to many factors other than the theft of a motorcycle helmet is now rampant theft occurs, in this study the authors focus the security both of these by using the communication system master slave on a bike motorcycle and helmet so it can trigger an alarm when a helmet or motorcycles stolen and for additional security features were added to the tracking using the GPS module and GPS tracker bravo so give extra safeguards on the motorcycle and helmet .Keywords— Master slave; GPS; The alarm; Motorcycles; Helmet.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Colón Zoë , Tulliach Anna , Gradassi Tea , Zylak Mattia , Grenier Béatrice , Watlington Emily , Frappier Valérie , Dunlop Alanna , Cyrus Jason , Murphy Diana K. , Handley-Derry Elizabeth , MacDonald Kristie , Fellini Dallas
Published: July 2019

CO-WINNER OF THE 2019 JOURNAL OF CURATORIAL STUDIES EMERGING WRITER AWARD

ART FOR A NEW UNDERSTANDING: NATIVE VOICES, 1950s TO NOW Curated by Mindy N. Besaw, Candice Hopkins and Manuela Well-Off-Man, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Bentonville, 6 October 2018 – 7 January 2019

CO-WINNER OF THE 2019 JOURNAL OF CURATORIAL STUDIES EMERGING WRITER AWARD

MAQDALA 1868 Curated by Alexandra Jones, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 5 April 2018 – 30 June 2019

RUNNER-UP FOR THE 2019 JOURNAL OF CURATORIAL STUDIES EMERGING WRITER AWARD

LAWRENCE ABU HAMDAN, EARWITNESS THEATRE Curated by Ellen Greig, Chisenhale Gallery, London, 21 September – 9 December 2018

JASMINA CIBIC: EVERYTHING THAT YOU DESIRE AND NOTHING THAT YOU FEAR Curated by Cheryl Sim, DHC/ART Foundation for Contemporary Art, Montreal, 25 October 2018 – 3 March 2019

FRANÇOISE SULLIVAN Curated by Marc Lanctôt, Musée d’art contemporain de Montréal, Montreal, 20 October 2018 – 20 January 2019

SADAÂNE AFIF: THIS IS ORNAMENTAL Curated by Anne Faucheret, Kunsthalle Wien, Vienna, 9 September 2018 – 18 November 2018

DAVID HARTT: in the forest Oakville Galleries in Gairloch Gardens, Oakville, 23 September 2018 – 6 January 2019

DAYNA MCLEOD, INTIMATE KARAOKE, LIVE AT UTERINE CONCERT HALL Curated by FADO Performance Art Centre, co-presented with SummerWorks Performance Festival, The Theatre Centre, Toronto, 15 August 2018

HEAVENLY BODIES: FASHION AND THE CATHOLIC IMAGINATION Curated by Andrew Bolton, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 10 May – 8 October 2018

CARSTEN HÖLLER AND STEFANO MANCUSO, THE FLORENCE EXPERIMENT Curated by Arturo Galansino, Palazzo Strozzi, Florence, 19 April – 26 August 2018

COME UP TO MY ROOM 2018 Curated by Christophe Jivraj, Jana Macalik and Lukus Toane, Gladstone Hotel, Toronto, 18 – 21 January 2018

Antarctic biennale Curated by Alexander Pronomarev and Nadim Samman, Antarctica, various locations, 17 – 27 March 2017

LIL MIQUELA @lilmiquela, 2016 – ongoing, www.instagram.com/lilmiquela
Analyzing the influence of reading purpose and translation experience on summary and translation tasks
Authors: Winfield Claudia Marchese , Fonseca Norma Barbosa de Lima , Tomitch Lêda Maria Braga
Published: July 2019

This paper analyzes the influence of reading purpose and translation experience on the interface of reading and translation processes. Since this interface has not been fully explored, we propose this exploratory-experimental study in order to analyze the influence of reading purpose and translation experience on summary production tasks and translation tasks in the English-Portuguese language pair. Although this study’s participants’ sample was small and results significance could not be confirmed with statistical tests, results found seem to corroborate the hypothesis that target texts translated by professional translators were better evaluated than target texts produced by undergraduates. However, texts summarized by undergraduate students were better evaluated than those summarized by professional translators, which does not confirm another study hypothesis. Results also seem to confirm the hypotheses that professional translators carry out summary production and translation tasks faster than English Language undergraduates. Therefore, in addition to translation experience and reading purpose influencing the quality of summarized and translated texts, as well as the time for task performance, repeated practice of summary production may influence the quality of the summaries produced.
Análise do processo tradutório de estudantes de tradução e tradutores profissionais no par linguístico Chinês mandarim => Português europeu
Authors: Fonseca Norma Barbosa de Lima , Frugoli Cecília Gomes , Alves Fabio
Published: July 2019

Baseando-se na pesquisa processual em tradução, este estudo objetiva analisar o processo tradutório de tradutores profissionais e estudantes de tradução. Dezessete mestrandos, dentre eles nove tradutores profissionais e oito estudantes sem experiência profissional em tradução, executaram uma tarefa de tradução de um texto jornalístico no par linguístico Chinês mandarim => Português europeu. Antes de executarem a tarefa utilizando o programa Translog (JAKOBSEN; SCHOU, 1999), os participantes responderam a um questionário de perfil. Após finalizarem a tarefa, os participantes relataram livremente sobre seu desempenho no processo tradutório por meio de protocolos verbais retrospectivos livres. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram resultados de pesquisas anteriores (JAKOBSEN, 2002; BUCHWEITZ; ALVES, 2006; PAVLOVIĆ; JENSEN, 2009; JAKOBSEN; JENSEN, 2008) que demonstraram que os tradutores profissionais são mais rápidos que os estudantes de tradução na execução de tarefas de tradução, mas não confirmaram que os tradutores profissionais despendem mais tempo na fase de revisão que os estudantes (JAKOBSEN, 2002; BUCHWEITZ; ALVES, 2006). Além disso, os tradutores profissionais apresentaram maior velocidade de tradução, traduzindo mais palavras por segundo que os estudantes de tradução, mas não foi possível determinar que eles possuem maior nível de metarreflexão que os estudantes.
As Subcompetências Estratégica e Instrumental na Formação em Tradução
Authors: Liparini Tania , Braga Camila
Published: July 2019

Neste artigo, são apresentados os resultados parciais de um estudo sobre Aquisição da Competência Tradutória desenvolvido no âmbito do projeto Competência Tradutória e Formação de Tradutores: o desenvolvimento das subcompetências específicas do tradutor - CNPq 485158/2013-2. O principal objetivo do estudo foi investigar o desenvolvimento das subcompetências estratégica e instrumental em tradutoras e tradutores em formação, a partir da identificação das principais estratégias de resolução de problemas de tradução adotadas pelos sujeitos sob escrutínio. Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal que se baseia no modelo holístico assim como no conceito de Competência Tradutória (CT) de PACTE (2003), de acordo com o qual a CT é considerada “um conjunto de habilidades e conhecimentos subjacentes necessários para realizar uma tarefa de tradução”. De acordo com o modelo de CT de PACTE, a competência tradutória consiste de cinco subcompetências: bilíngue, extralinguística, conhecimentos sobre tradução, instrumental e estratégica. A subcompetência instrumental está relacionada ao uso de fontes de documentação, enquanto a subcompetência estratégica está relacionada ao gerenciamento do processo de tradução e desenvolvimento de estratégias de resolução de problemas de tradução. Os dados foram coletados com o programa Translog (movimentos de teclado e duração de pausa) e Camtasia (gravação de tela). Com base nas metodologias de Jakosen (2002) e PACTE (2005), o tipo de pausa (orientação e revisão) e apoio (interno e externo; simples e dominante) utilizados pelos sujeitos de pesquisa durante o processo de tomada de decisão foram identificados e classificados, assim como as principais fontes de documentação. Os resultados da primeira fase da pesquisa indicam que as subcompetências instrumental e estratégica dos sujeitos ainda estão pouco desenvolvidas e, embora eles já estejam familiarizados com diferentes fontes de documentação, ainda não sabem como utilizá-las de forma apropriada para chegar a soluções de tradução adequadas. Esses resultados revelam a importância de refletir e discutir sobre questões relacionadas a fontes de documentação e gerenciamento do processo de tradução no contexto de formação em tradução.
Domain knowledge in simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Morais Cecília Franco , Esqueda Marileide Dias
Published: July 2019

This article analyzes the role that domain knowledge plays on the understanding of and performance in simultaneous interpreting tasks. Students from two classes of the undergraduate program in Translation of the Federal University of Uberlândia answered a questionnaire and performed a simultaneous interpreting session. The questionnaires were used to analyze the participants beliefs, while the sessions were audio-recorded for the analysis of cognitive effort (i.e., omissions, additions, head starts, pauses, meaning errors, and logical-time sequence errors). The results pointed to some changes in the students’ declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge after they had received theoretical and practical training in simultaneous interpreting. However, it was not sufficient to help them find interpreting strategies to avoid a high level of cognitive effort. This research contributes to both process research and interpreter training.
Building lattices and zeta functions
Authors: Deitmar Anton , Kang Ming-Hsuan , McCallum Rupert
Published: July 2019

We give a Lefschetz formula for tree lattices and apply it to geometric zeta functions. We further generalize Bass’s approach to Ihara zeta functions to the higher-dimensional case of a building.
Progressive vowel height harmony in Proto-Kikongo and Proto-Bantu
Authors: Goes Heidi , Bostoen Koen
Published: July 2019

The systematic comparison of the different types of progressive Vowel Height Harmony (pVHH) attested within the Kikongo Language Cluster (KLC) leads to the conclusion that this common Bantu process of long-distance assimilation cannot be reconstructed to Proto-Kikongo. The ‘(a)symmetric-pVHH’ and ‘back-pVHH’ patterns, the two main and structurally different kinds of pVHH within the KLC, emerged independently and relatively late within two distinct subgroups, viz. South Kikongo and North Kikongo respectively. Moreover, the ‘(a)symmetric-pVHH’ pattern further spread from a South Kikongo focal area coinciding with the heartland of the Kongo kingdom to other parts of the KLC through contact-induced dialectal diffusion. Furthermore, the historical-comparative evidence from the KLC suggests that neither symmetric nor asymmetric pVHH should be reconstructed to Proto-Bantu, the most recent common ancestor of all Bantu languages.
Hunting for signs: Exploring unspoken networks within the Kalahari Basin
Authors: Mohr Susanne , Fehn Anne-Maria , de Voogt Alex
Published: July 2019

In this article we present comparative data on visual hunting signals from the Kalahari Basin Area of southern Africa, encompassing three Kalahari Khoe-speaking (Ts’ixa, Buga, ǁAni) and one Kx’a-speaking group (Juǀ’hoan). For the comparison, an analysis of handshapes, handedness and iconicity in the individual data sets was conducted. Being applied in analyses of gestures and (partly) sign languages, these parameters reveal significant similarities and differences between the individual systems. We find that the systems documented most likely constitute an areal feature that transcends the boundaries of genealogical linguistic affiliation and may ultimately contribute to a better understanding of population contact and local networks in the Kalahari Basin AreaSprachbund.
Cost-efficient nanoscopy reveals nanoscale architecture of liver cells and platelets
Authors: Mao Hong , Diekmann Robin , Liang Hai Po H. , Cogger Victoria C. , Le Couteur David G. , Lockwood Glen P. , Hunt Nicholas J. , Schüttpelz Mark , Huser Thomas R. , Chen Vivien M. , McCourt Peter A.G.
Published: July 2019

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) provides a powerful toolkit to specifically resolve intracellular structures on the nanometer scale, even approaching resolution classically reserved for electron microscopy (EM). Although instruments for SMLM are technically simple to implement, researchers tend to stick to commercial microscopes for SMLM implementations. Here we report the construction and use of a “custom-built” multi-color channel SMLM system to study liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and platelets, which costs significantly less than a commercial system. This microscope allows the introduction of highly affordable and low-maintenance SMLM hardware and methods to laboratories that, for example, lack access to core facilities housing high-end commercial microscopes for SMLM and EM. Using our custom-built microscope and freely available software from image acquisition to analysis, we image LSECs and platelets with lateral resolution down to about 50 nm. Furthermore, we use this microscope to examine the effect of drugs and toxins on cellular morphology.
Crystal structure of catena-{poly[bis(O,O′-diethyldithiophosphato-S)-(μ2-1,2-bis(4-pyridylmethylene)hydrazine-N,N′)-zinc(II)] di-acetonitrile solvate}, {C20H30N4O4P2S4Zn ⋅ 2 C2H3N}n
Authors: Tan Yee Seng , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: July 2019

C24H36N6O4P2S4Zn, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 11.2847(2) Å, b = 12.6967(3) Å, c = 13.6595(3) Å, α = 64.738(2)°, β = 72.181(2)°, γ = 76.681(2)°, V = 1673.68(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0225, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0582, T = 100(2) K.
Application of the Boston Technical Performance Score to intraoperative echocardiography
Authors: Bellsham-Revell Hannah R. , Deri Antigoni , Caroli Silvia , Durward Andrew , Miller Owen I. , Mathur Sujeev , Saundankar Jelena , Anderson David R. , Austin B. Conal , Salih Caner , Pushparajah Kuberan , Simpson John M.
Published: July 2019

Background The Technical Performance Score (TPS) developed by Boston Children’s Hospital showed surgical outcomes correlate with adequacy of technical repair when implemented on pre-discharge echocardiograms. We applied this scoring system to intraoperative imaging in a tertiary UK congenital heart surgical centre.

Methods After a period of training, intraoperative TPS (epicardial and/or transesophageal echocardiography) was instituted. TPS was used to inform intraoperative discussions and recorded on a custom-made database using the previously published scoring system. After a year, we reviewed the feasibility, results and relationship between the TPS and mortality, extubation time and length of stay.

Results From 01 September 2015 to 04 July 2016, there were 272 TPS procedures in 251 operations with 208 TPS recorded. Seven patients had surgery with no documented TPS, three had operations with no current TPS score template available. Patients left the operating theatre with TPS optimal in 156 (75%), adequate 34 (16%) and inadequate 18 (9%). Of those with an optimal score on leaving theatre, ten had more than one period of cardiopulmonary bypass. All four deaths <30 days after surgery (1.9%) had optimal TPS. There was a statistically significant difference in extubation times in the RACHS category 4 patients (3 days vs 5 days, P < 0.05) and in PICU and total length of stay in the RACHS category three patients (2 and 8 days vs 12.5 and 21.5 days respectively) if leaving theatre with an inadequate result.

Conclusions Application of intraoperative TPS is feasible and provides a way of objectively recording intraoperative imaging assessment of surgery. An ‘inadequate’ TPS did not predict mortality but correlated with a longer ventilation time and longer length of stay compared to those with optimal or adequate scores.
Investigation of Electronic Structure of Zr1-xVxNiSn Semiconductive Solid Solution
Authors: Stadnyk Yu.V. , Romaka V.V. , Romaka V.A. , Нoryn A.M. , Romaka L.P. , Krayovskyy V.Ya. , Romaniv І.М.
Published: July 2019

The peculiarities of electronic and crystal structures of Zr1-xVxNiSn (x = 0 - 0.10) semiconductive solid solution were investigated. To predict Fermi level εF behavior, band gap εg and electrokinetic characteristics of Zr1-xVxNiSn, the distribution of density of electronic states (DOS) was calculated. The mechanism of simultaneous generation of structural defects of donor and acceptor nature was determined based on the results of calculations of electronic structure and measurement of electrical properties of Zr1-xVxNiSn semiconductive solid solution. It was established that in the band gap of Zr1-xVxNiSn the energy states of the impurity donor εD2 and acceptor εA1 levels (donor-acceptor pairs) appear, which determine the mechanisms of conduction of semiconductor.
Structure and Optical Properties of CdTe and CdS Thin Films after Hard Ultraviolet Irradiation
Authors: Kopach G.I. , Dobrozhan A.I. , Khrypunov G.S. , Mygushchenko R.P. , Kropachek О.Y. , Zaitsev R.V. , Meriuts A.V.
Published: July 2019

The influence of hard ultraviolet radiation on the crystalline structure, surface morphology and optical characteristics of CdS and CdTe semiconductor layers obtained by direct current magnetron sputtering are investigated. It was established that the optical characteristics of the studied films CdS and CdTe are insensitive to hard ultraviolet irradiation. The crystalline structure of the CdS and CdTe layers is changed after irradiation. The period of the lattice for cadmium sulfide films increases from c = 6.77(01) Å to c = 6.78(88) Å, which may be due to the formation of point defects and defective complexes. Decrease the integral FWHM of the peaks on the X-ray diffraction patterns of the layers of CdS and CdTe was observed, due to the increase of the coherent scattering regions as a result in the process of near-surface layers partial recrystallization of the investigated films.
Quality audit typology and methodology
Authors: Pečiulytė Indrė , Ruževičius Juozas
Published: July 2019

The methodology of audit is extensively researched both foreign and Lithuanian authors, but there isn’t a full theory of audit, in which is mentioned all the currently existing types of audit. This is due to the quality audit typology and methodology is not fully explored and clearly systematized. Analysing audit concepts it is a challenge to determine which type of audit – performance or management is attributable to the quality audit. The theoretical analysis has shown that in the audit system the quality audit can be assigned as part of the performance audit. Quality audit is important throughout the audit system, as it is part of the evaluation process, which helps auditors to reveal areas for improvement within their organizations. According to the theoretical literature’s systematic analysis and the quality auditors’ questionnaire survey results, in this article the audit system model by the functional character was formed, the advantages and disadvantages of quality audit techniques were identified and recommendations for the quality audit methodology’s improvement were submitted.
The impact of notional defined contribution system (NDC) from the point of view of individual
Authors: Švedienė Milda , Slavickienė Astrida
Published: July 2019

Retirement benefit plans are the relevant theme in the world and in Lithuania as well. The demographic challenges such as ageing and shrinking labour force cause the problem which usual PAYG system is not able to solve. Whereas this problem is very important in Lithuania simulation of notional defined contribution system is suggested. The influence of new pension system to individuals is analysed in this paper.

 The analysis of theoretical works showed that NDC system is defined contribution (DC) system financed as in pay-as-you-go (PAYG) system. This pension scheme is different from others because of it accounting mechanism: contributions of individuals are accumulated on their individual accounts but whereas real capital is not accumulated the balance is notional. All accumulated sum is converted to pension benefit when individuals are at retirement age depending on cohort’s life expectancy. It is said that NDC pension system helps to solve problems such as sensitivity to changes in economic growth, decreasing volume of savings or create a better link between contributions and benefits.  Nevertheless it is recognized that benefit return in NDC pension system is less than in usual defined contribution system.

The results of simulation have showed that notional defined contribution system in Lithuania would not be the way out from problems in pension system. The system would be balanced in 30-year period and indexation would be acceptable for individuals but from 2040 interest rate would be reduced by the relevant part of the balance ratio. Depending on the changes in interest rate from 2040 notional capital would be less than all sum of contribution paid and it would negatively impact individuals’ finances. It was found that the more years individuals spend in labour market the bigger capital they accumulate and the bigger benefit get when they are at retirement age. Nevertheless it was noticed that replacement rate would be approximately 25 percent and it would not be adequate for the required use of retirees.
The Publishing of International Multilingual Lithuanian Periodicals (1904–1940)
Authors: Petreikis Tomas
Published: July 2019

During 1904–1940, a total of 26 periodicals were published in Lithuania and in foreign countries in which the Lithuanian language was used alongside others. The demand for multilingual periodicals had emerged during the first part of the 20th c. as new cultural, economic, and political conditions took shape in Eastern and Central Europe. For the governments and businesses of Lithuania, Germany, Latvia, and Poland, the development of economic relations was of the biggest importance, and this process was to be stimulated using the multilingual publications that were being released in these countries. Also, particular importance was granted to the political cooperation of the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania). Cultural relations, on the other hand, were less expressed in the multilingual periodicals and not characterized by commercial success. For propaganda purposes, a considerable number of multilingual publications were released by Germany during the First World War. Apart from Lithuanian, these multilingual publications were marked by the use of German, English, Polish, French, Latvian, and Russian languages; among the rarer instances were Belarusian, Yiddish, and Estonian texts. The emergence of multilingual periodicals and the presence of the Lithuanian language in these publications reflected the international recognition of the Lithuanian nation and its state. It represented an understanding of multiculturalism and peculiar needs within the society and resembled the dialogue occurring across the political, economic, and cultural dimensions.
Priešoperacinė reabilitacija abdominalinėje onkologinėje chirurgijoje: naujas paciento paruošimo operacijai standartas?
Authors: Baušys Augustinas , Maneikytė Justė , Strupas Kęstutis , Šakalienė Ieva
Published: July 2019

Straipsnyje trumpai pristatoma nauja paciento paruošimo onkologinei pilvo organų operacijai strategija – priešoperacinė reabilitacija. Pirmieji klinikinių tyrimų rezultatai teikia vilčių, kad, taikant priešoperacinę reabilitaciją, susidedančią iš trijų komponentų: fizinių pratimų, mitybos nepakankamumo korekcijos ir psichologinio paciento paruošimo, galima pagerinti pacientų fizinę būklę, pooperacinę gyvenimo kokybę, net smarkiai sumažinti pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnį. Vis dėlto lieka neaišku, ar priešoperacinė reabilitacija yra tikslinga prieš visas operacijas, ar tik prieš tas operacijas, kurios yra ypač didelės apimties. Todėl, kol minėta metodika galės būti taikoma kasdienėje klinikinėje praktikoje, reikia naujų klinikinių tyrimų. Šie tyrimai turėtų atskleisti, prieš kokias operacijas paciento reabilitacija yra tikslingiausia, taip pat nustatyti, kokia konkreti priešoperacinės reabilitacijos metodika yra efektyviausia.
Automedicación en estudiantes de la Sede Neiva de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Authors: Ortiz Claudia Patricia , Fúnez David Oscar David , Rubiano Daza Henry , García Rojas Claudia Lorena , Calderón Ospina Carlos Alberto , Delgado Daniel Ricardo
Published: July 2019

La automedicación es una práctica riesgosa cuyas consecuencias incluyen enmascaramiento de una enfermedad, aparición de reacciones adversas, interacciones medicamentosas, aumento de la resistencia a ciertos tipos de fármacos y fármaco dependencia. La Organización Mundial de la Salud contempla la posibilidad de educar a la población en prácticas de automedicación responsable, señalando al profesional farmacéutico como figura clave de este proceso educativo. El presente trabajo analiza las conductas de automedicación en una población encuestada de 600 estudiantes de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Campus Neiva. Los resultados de la encuesta han sido analizados en forma global y diferenciando a los encuestados en subgrupos de: a) programa académico y b) variables sociodemográficas. Los resultados indican que la automedicación es una práctica común en estudiantes de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Campus Neiva que no siempre se lleva a cabo de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la OMS para poder considerarse una práctica responsable y segura.
CdCl2 has zero-order kinetic cellular influx and induces cytotoxicity and genotoxicity at low concentrations in human leukocytes in vitro
Authors: Fontoura dos Santos Vanessa , Serpa Elvio Adílio , Barcellos da Silva Fabiana Ernestina , De Moraes Flores Érico Marlon , Mansur Machado Michel , Souza de Oliveira Luís Flávio
Published: July 2019

Cadmium (Cd2+) is a nonessential heavy metal that possesses a high capacity of bioaccumulation and exhibits toxic characteristics even at low concentrations. This study evaluated the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in human leukocytes in vitro after exposure to a lower range of Cd2+concentration (1-25 μg/mL) using an unprecedented strategy by correlating between intracellular Cd2+ levels after exposure and cellular damage. Results demonstrated that Cd2+exposure from 5 to 25 μg/mL significantly increased the unviability of leukocytes, as well as the DNA damage, which was dose-dependent. The intracellular Cd2+ levels in leukocytes ranged from 9.85 to 94.38 pg/cell, and cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were induced at a concentration of 24.22 pg/cell. The relationship between exposure concentration and intracellular Cd2+ levels suggests that its influx occurs in human leukocytes under zeroorder kinetics.
Análisis teórico de la posibilidad de la detección electroquímica de la sacarina, asistida por oxihidróxido de vanadio
Authors: Tkach Volodymyr , K Marta V. , De Oliveira Silvio C. , Luganska Olga , Lorents Vasyl , Pishak Olga V. , Boychuk Roman R. , Yagodynets´ Petró I.
Published: July 2019

Mediante el análisis mecanístico teórico, ha sido evaluada la posibilidad del empleo del oxihidróxido de vanadio como modificador de electrodo para la detección electroquímica de sacarina. El proceso electroanalítico se realiza a través de un proceso catódico. El modelo matemático correspondiente ha sido analizado mediante la teoría de estabilidad lineal y análisis de bifurcaciones. El análisis del modelo ha mostrado que el oxihidróxido de vanadio puede ser un modificador eficiente para la detección electroquímica de la sacarina en las condiciones del pH suficientemente ácido para mover el proceso, pero insuficiente para disolver el oxihidróxido. Las causas de los comportamientos oscilatorio y monotónico también fueron estipuladas.
The “other side” of architectural reconstruction
Authors: Toshikj Maja , Zsembery Ákos
Published: July 2019

Focusing on architectural reconstructions after armed conflicts1 in the area of the former Yugoslav republics2, we would like to present the “other side” of the reconstruction by the example of the Old Bridge in Mostar; or rather, what is determinative in this special area of monumental preservation over the professional consideration: the social and political aspects. These aspects will be dealt with in more detail by examining the overall post-conflict reconstruction situation of cultural heritage in Bosnia and Herzegovina, involving diverse opinions from experts and international assistance. This article re-examines, among others, the prosperity of the recovery indicating an authenticity question, posed as: “how far can an authentic experience be recreated or conjured through the simulation of an absent original monument?”3

We evaluate the process and stages of the reconstruction of the Old Bridge in a spirit of “identical” restoration, by understanding its structure and rebuilding in identical shape and dimension, using original materials and construction techniques, based on archival documents. The judgement of the architectural reconstruction or rebuilding also depends on multiple aspects: the recognition and assertion of the hierarchy of values — material or physical, as well as intangible or immaterial. Delayed in the process, by nearly a decade due to the political and economic situation, it is important to evaluate several problems that occur, emphasizing in turn: the question of the original form, original spaces in the mirror of the history that formed in another way. This side raises ethical and moral questions as well.

The approach and judgement of the architectural reconstruction is also different in the republics of the former Yugoslavia after the recent armed conflict. Seeing the diverseness in the social and political background the question arises whether the new reconstruction is another layer in the “stratigraphy” of the monument or it is the lockup of the past?
Mammal inventory in the Mongolian Gobi, with the southeasternmost documented record of the Snow Leopard, Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775), in the country
Authors: Augugliaro Claudio , Paniccia Chiara , Janchivlamdan Choikhand , Monti Ibra E. , Boldbaatar Turmunkh , Munkhtsog Bariusha
Published: July 2019

Studies on mammal diversity and distribution are an important source to develop conservation and management strategies. The area located in southern Mongolia, encompassing the Alashan Plateau Semi-Desert and the Eastern Gobi Desert-Steppe ecoregions, is considered strategic for the conservation of threatened species. We surveyed the non-volant mammals in the Small Gobi-A Strictly Protected Area (SPA) and its surroundings, by using camera trapping, live trapping, and occasional sightings. We recorded 18 mammal species belonging to 9 families and 6 orders. Among them, 4 are globally threatened or near-threatened, 2 are included in the CITES Appendix I, and 2 are listed in the Appendix II. Moreover, we provide the southeasternmost record for the Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in Mongolia, supported by photographic evidence. Our study highlights the importance of this protected area to preserve rare, threatened, and elusive species.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA MƯA ĐẦU MÙA TỚI ĐỘ DÀY QUANG HỌC SOL KHÍ TẠI BẠC LIÊU
Authors: Thanh Pham Xuan
Published: July 2019

Impact of rainfall in summer onseting monsoon on aerosol optical depth in Bac LieuImpact of rainfall in summer onseting monsoon on the Aerosol Optical Depth (hereafter AOD) and size distribution ofaerosols elements were evaluated in the case of the rainy season in 2003 based on hourly rainfall data in Bac Lieu andAOD data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). First, we specify the onset of summer monsoon over theSouthern Vietnam and the rainy days in the early rainfall season is also detected in 2003 from Bac Lieu rain gauge data.After that, effect of early season rainfall in 2003 on AOD and size distribution is evaluated by the decrease of AOD at500nm and the change of Angstrom parameters. Results show that the onset of the summer monsoon over the SouthernVietnam in 2003 is 4-May. At that time, we detected 3 rainy days from Bac Lieu rain gauge station data, it is 1, 3 and 4with the rainfall is 4, 7.5 and 5.5, respectively. The rains of early season rainfall in 2003 significantly reduced the aerosoloptical depth. After 3 rainy days, AOD at 500nm wavelength decreased from 0.4 to 0.1. The rain in early season rainfallalso changed size distribution of aerosols elements in the atmosphere. The aerosols elements have large size is sweptaway by the first rainy day. The β decreased from 0.23 (30 April) to 0.07 (3 May) and 0.04 (5 May). The difference ofAOD at 500nm between the first month of rainfall season and the last month of dry season in period 2003 - 2009 is0.025. The AOD average rainfall season and dry season is 0.29 and 0.19, respectively. The AOD in 500nm average offour dry months (Dec, Jan, Feb and Mar) is 0.29 and of rainy months (Jun, Jul, Aug, and Sep) is 0.19.
TƯƠNG QUAN XÓI LỞ - BỒI TỤ MỘT SỐ KHU VỰC LÒNG SÔNG TIỀN, SÔNG HẬU
Authors: Hải Hà Quang
Published: July 2019

Correlation of erosion - aggradation in areas along Tien and Hau RiversRiverside erosion, one of the most severe natural disasters, has been occuring along the banks of Tien river and Hau for many years. Many segments in Tan Chau, Hong Ngu, Sa Dec,… are seriously affected by the disaster. There are numbers of studies that have indentified levels, causes of the erosion process and proposed solutions for the decrease of erosional negative influences. Based on analysing satellite images, map, monitoring a series of channel cross - sections by echosounder and the study of geomorphology, the study concluded that erosion and deposition, specific natural processes of braided and meandering river in flood plains, balance one another. Bulding stone jetties and uncomprehensive management have accelerated both two processes: erosion and deposition. Combining the dredge river bed and exploitation of materials for construction is the most effective solution to reduce river shore erosion.
What Is New in Our Time
Authors: Read Rupert
Published: July 2019

Finlayson argues that ‘post-truth’ is nothing new. In this response, I motivate a more modest position: that it is something new, to some extent, albeit neither radically new nor brand new.

I motivate this position by examining the case of climate-change-denial, called by some post-truth before 'post-truth'.

I examine here the (over-determined) nature of climate-denial. What precisely are its attractions?; How do they manage to outweigh its glaring, potentially-catastrophic downsides? I argue that the most crucial of all attractions of climate-denial is that it involves the denier in a kind of fantasised power over reality itself: namely, over the nature of our planetary system, and thus of life itself. Climate-denial pretends to give the denier a power greater than that of nature, including in nature's 'rebellion' against humanity, what James Lovelock calls Gaia's incipient and coming 'fever'.

Climate-denial seems to give the denier freedom from truth itself, in the case of the most consequential truth at present bearing down upon humanity. The most crucial of all the attractions of climate-denial is then that it provides would-be libertarians an ultimate freedom. They reject the reality of human-triggered climate-change, in the end, because they are unwilling to be ‘bound’ by anything, not even truth itself.

Climate-denial has been around for a while, but not for more than 30-35 years or so. I thus suggest that Finlayson is right to be sceptical of the claim that post-truth is radically new and extremely recent, but I suggest that it is relativelynew and has been with us for only about a generation or at most two.

Keywords: climate-change, climate-denial, libertarianism, Nietzsche, Wittgenstein
A Need Analysis on Career Counseling Teacher’s Job Competency in Special School
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Kim Kyungshin , Park Jungsik
Published: July 2019

Through recent revisions of career education laws, career counselors will be placed in secondary special education sites from now on. At this point in time, it is important to find out what areas career counselors need prioritize development in among their needed areas of job competency. This study analyzes the job competency demands of career counselors and its necessity lies in its provision of base material needed in the cultivation and training of career counselors. To achieve the goal of this study, surveys were conducted on 147 preparatory career counselors training for qualification as minors in career counseling at the Korea National University of Education and a total of 113 participants were chosen as research subjects. Of the 18 job competency items researched through literature, 15 were selected through consultations with experts and order of priority was deduced by studying present levels and necessary levels according to the needs analysis of Borich. The results of this study showed that first, the priority order of the needs of career counselors showed that career psychology assessment, career counseling and communication, understanding of the labor market, information analysis utilization and management, and program development and management had high levels of priority while expertise, family participation, and ethicality had low orders of priority. Second, the job competency factors with the five highest orders of priority also had the highest levels of priority by each background variable and in particular, career counseling and communication and career psychology assessment showed the highest job competence needs by variable.
Chitosan/gum tragacanth/PVA hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Koosha Mojtaba , Solouk Atefeh , Ghalei Sama , Sadeghi Davoud , Bagheri Shadab , Mirzadeh Hamid
Published: July 2019

In this paper, preparation and characterization of a nanofibrous scaffold comprising both chitosan (CS) and gum tragacanth (GT) are reported for the first time. CS and GT were separately blended with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and simultaneously electrospun by a double-nozzle electrospinning apparatus, and the resulting nanofibrous mats were compared with CS/PVA and GT/PVA electrospun ones. Scanning electron microscopy images showed uniform bead-free nanofibers with some merging areas and an average fiber diameter of ∼273 nm for CS-PVA/GT-PVA. The ultimate tensile strength and strain at break of the hybrid nanofibers were ∼20 MPa and ∼9%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the CS/PVA and GT/PVA nanofibers. The CS-PVA/GT-PVA nanofibrous mats also showed a water droplet contact angle value (∼31°) between those of the CS/PVA and GT/PVA nanofibrous mats. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay using L929 fibroblast cells indicated more biocompatibility of the CS-PVA/GT-PVA hybrid nanofibers compared with the CS/PVA and GT/PVA ones. The obtained results showed that the CS-PVA/GT-PVA hybrid nanofibrous scaffold might be useful for tissue engineering applications.
Scaling up gender mainstreaming in transport: policies, practices and monitoring processes
Authors: Njenga Peter , Tanzarn Nite
Published: July 2019

Four rural transport programmes, one each in Ghana, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, were reviewed in respect of gender mainstreaming. National gender frameworks and transport policies were analysed for each country. The four countries have constitutional, policy and legislative frameworks that underpin the principles of gender equality. Gender mainstreaming measures have further been cascaded downwards into sector policies, including transport. The programmes reviewed showed good practices in integration of gender across the project cycle. However, it is notable that the programmes reviewed were donor-funded and thus were significantly influenced by the gender policies of the funding mechanisms. While it was not ascertained if government-funded rural transport programmes had similarly embedded gender integration issues, there is undoubtedly a good foundation that has been laid through the programmes reviewed in this study. This practice needs to be replicated and institutionalised so that it becomes a common norm across all transport programmes. An important part of this is for national governments to ensure sector-wide enforcement of the constitutional and legislative gender precepts. The case study programmes reviewed have put in place some good gender performance assessment tools, which provide examples of the tools that could be made mandatory as part of gender accountability in the transport sector.
Total RNA extraction from transgenic flies misexpressing foreign genes to perform Next generation RNA sequencing v1
Authors: Mehta Abijeet , Luz-Madrigal Agustin , Li Jian-Liang , A. Tsonis Panagiotis , Singh Amit
Published: July 2019

Due to absence of transgenic approaches in Notopthalmus Viridescens (newt), and conservation of genetic machinery across species, we generated transgenic Drosophila melanogaster to misexpress unique genes from newt. Novel newt genes cloned, and inserted at attP site in Drosophila were misexpressed ubiquitously using tubulin Gal-4. Sample (total RNA) for RNA sequencing was collected at 3rd instar larval stage during which major developmental events takes place in Drosophila. Total RNA was extracted, and purified using RNA clean and ConcentratorTM. RNA quality was quantitated by calculating absorbance at 260 nm (A260) and 280 nm (A280) wavelengths using Nanodrop 2000 spectrophotometer. Good quality samples had A260/ A280 ratio greater than 2 and a peak at 260 nm. Our results show that following this protocol high quality of RNA was obtained. These high quality RNA samples were used for downstream processes e.g. Next generation RNA sequencing. Of the total 36,099 transcripts in Drosophila, 34,967 transcripts were detected, and 2775 transcripts were significantly regulated by misexpressing foreign gene (Unique gene from newt) in Drosophila . Genes involved in the developmental process, cell cycle, apoptosis, and immune response are among those that are highly enriched. Wingless/Wnt was one of the important evolutionarily conserved pathway that was differentially regulated.