bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Nicht an ein bestimmtes Land gebunden zu sein, bedeutet auch, frei zu sein.“ Zu Grenzen von Grenzenlosigkeit im Khuê Phams Roman Wo auch immer ihr seid
Authors: Jakubski Michał
Published: December 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag setzt sich zum Ziel, die Themen Grenzenlosigkeit, Identität und Integrationskonflikte im Roman Wo auch immer ihr seid (2021) von Khuê Pham zu beleuchten. Eingegangen wird auf Grenzphänomene, wie etwa Fremdheitserfahrungen, Entfremdung, Ab- und Ausgrenzung. Mitberücksichtigt werden bei der Analyse Konzepte der Hybridität und der Rhizomatik. Im Gegensatz zu Vertretern der Generation von Dazugekommenen zählt Khuê Pham zur Generation der Kinder von Dazugekommenen, die in Deutschland geboren wurden, von Kind an mit der dortigen Kultur in Berührung kommen und in der Ära der Hyperkulturalität, d.h. der Epoche der scheinbar unbeschränkten Möglichkeiten, aufwachsen. Die genannten Aspekte beeinflussen den Prozess der Identitätsbildung und verursachen, dass er anders als bei den Vertretern der Generation von Dazugekommenen abläuft.
Grenzen, Übergänge, Grenzenlosigkeit in Dimitré Dinevs Roman Engelszungen
Authors: Škrgić Mersiha
Published: December 2024

Der Aufsatz analysiert die Ursachen und Folgen der Migration am Beispiel von Dimitré Dinevs Roman Engelszungen und untersucht insbesondere die Bedeutung der Grenzüberschreitung für die Entwicklung der Protagonisten. Es zeigt sich, dass die bloße Grenzüberquerung im Leben der Migranten weniger relevant ist, als der damit verbundene Übergang in eine Fremdsprache und ein anderes politisches und soziales System. Gleichzeitig erweisen sich aber die persönlichen Prädispositionen vor der Migration als entscheidend für das Leben danach, womit der Migrationsprozess als solcher eigentlich nur als ein Schritt in der Entwicklung der Figuren gesehen werden kann.
„Die Grenzen der Grenzenlosigkeit“: Auf dem Weg zu einer ethischen Ästhetik in Lenka Reinerovás Grenze geschlossen (1958) und Alle Farben der Sonne und der Nacht (2003)
Authors: O'Brien Traci S.
Published: December 2024

Die jüdische „Prager deutsche“ Schriftstellerin Lenka Reinerová (1916–2008) wurde 2005 als “Kafka’s last living heir” bezeichnet. Trotz dieses ruhmreichen Erbes zweifelt man zuweilen am (literarischen) Wert ihrer Prosa. Die gegenwärtige Statistik der UNHCR für Flüchtlinge, die explizit Vergleiche zur weltweiten Flüchtlingslage nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg zieht, zwingt jedoch zu einem erneuten Lesen von vielen Werken Reinerovás, einschließlich der beiden, die in diesem Artikel analysiert werden sollen, Grenze geschlossen (1958) and Alle Farben der Sonne und der Nacht (2003). Die jüngsten Stimmen der Critical Refugee Studies (CRS) und Border Studies wollen die Grenzerfahrungen von am Rand stehenden und gefährdeten Gruppen ans Licht bringen. In den zwei hier behandelten Werken begegnet die als überzeugte Kommunistin auftretende Ich-Erzählerin geschlossenen Grenzen – in der Form von Landesgrenzen, Gefängnismauern und Ideologiengrenzen – die dann aufgelöst werden. Eine Brücke zu Reinerovás Werk zu schlagen, kann die gegenwärtige Diskussion über Grenzpoetik bereichern. Statt einem andauernden Misstrauen Grenzen gegenüber zu verfallen, zeigt Reinerová, dass Grenzenlosigkeit wieder eingegrenzt werden muss. Mit ihrem scheinbar nostalgischen Blick auf die Vergangenheit erinnert sie ihre Leser*innen daran, dass Menschen Traditionen des Denkens und der Taten angehören, auch wenn sie bedrängt, umstritten, angeschlagen sind, und dass manches gerettet und erneuert werden soll.
Interlinguale und intralinguale Einflüsse beim Leseverstehen in Deutsch als Drittsprache
Authors: Wlosowicz Teresa Maria
Published: December 2024

Die Studie analysiert interlinguale, aber auch intralinguale Einflüsse im Leseverstehen in Deutsch als Drittsprache in vier Sprachkonstellationen. Wie die Ergebnisse zeigen, wurden verschiedene Verständnisfehler beobachtet, die sich auf die L1, die L2, die L3, auf zwei Sprachen gleichzeitig, sowie auf das Erschließen aus dem Kontext zurückzuführen lassen. Das bestätigt, dass die Sprachen im mehrsprachigen mentalen Lexikon miteinander verbunden sind, und dass die Interaktionen zwischen ihnen das Leseverstehen beeinflussen.
Management of Village Common Land for the Improvement of Village Own-Source Revenue in Purwodadi Village, Tepus Subdistrict, Gunungkidul Regency
Authors: Aisyah Siti
Published: December 2024

The Special Region of Yogyakarta is an area that has a Special Law governing land affairs. Village Common Land is distributed across various regions, making it crucial to understand its ownership and management system, particularly in Yogyakarta. This study aims to explore the duality of the status of Village Common Land and its management for increasing local revenue in the village. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The findings indicate the presence of dual ownership status of Village Common Land. The management system includes subjects and objects, licensing, protection of Village Common Land, management of Village Common Land used for public facilities, business premises, and educational institutions, along with a profit-sharing system. There is potential for contributions from the management of Village Common Land, which can be used for development. In conclusion, the management of Village Common Land for the improvement of Village Own-Source Revenue (PAD) is effective, and it is recommended that the government further optimize the management of Village Common Land, while the community should utilize Village Common Land in accordance with existing regulations.
The Approach of Agrarian Conflict Resolution through Land Redistribution in Sumberklampok Village
Authors: JAYA I Kadek Gelgel Dwi Utama Jaya , Sarjita Sarjita , Alfons Alfons
Published: December 2024

Agrarian conflict is a prevalent issue within the land sector. One such conflict in Indonesia occurs in Sumberklampok Village, Gerokgak Subdistrict, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province. This study aims to analyze the chronology of the conflict, the efforts to manage and resolve agrarian disputes, and the process of land redistribution. The research employs a qualitative methodology with a descriptive approach and analysis. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document reviews. The findings reveal that the conflict stemmed from the community's control over land previously classified under HGU (Right to Cultivate) Certificates No. 1, 2, and 3 in Sumberklampok Village, alongside the Bali Provincial Government's claim over the land classified under HGU Certificates No. 2 and 3. The resolution process was supported by various stakeholders, culminating in the issuance of a Joint Agreement Letter (SKB) that facilitated land redistribution as part of an agrarian reform program. The Joint Agreement Letter (SKB) was followed by the distribution of 1,613 land certificates to the community, serving as legal proof of ownership and providing legal certainty over their land rights.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ENSURING THE EFFICIENCY OF MARITIME TRANSPORTATION: USE IN THE ACTIVITIES OF SMART PORTS
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Smentyna Nataliia
Published: December 2024

Maritime transportation, which provides the bulk of world trade, is the basis of the modern global economy. The growth of the role of sea transport in general and of sea ports in particular led to an increase in the need for efficient ports capable of adapting to the modern requirements of the logistics market. Achieving efficiency by leading ports in different geographic regions of the world is done by actively taking advantage of digitalization. The purpose of the article is to study the role of digital technologies in ensuring the efficiency of sea transportation on the example of the functioning of smart ports. The article summarizes the approaches to defining the concept of a smart port as an innovative port that uses advanced digital technologies to increase work efficiency, the level of security of operations, and the level of protection. The analysis of regional features of the development and operation of smart ports revealed that the largest share of them is located in the Asia-Pacific region. Based on the forecast data, it is determined that the cumulative average annual growth rate of the global smart ports market will reach 25% by 2032. It was determined that the growth of the smart ports segment is due to the factors of growing demand for real-time information, the need for greater efficiency and productivity. In the study, a content analysis was carried out, which helped to collect and summarize the main practices of using digital technologies of the leading smart ports. It was determined that the use of digital solutions by the ports of Shanghai, Singapore, Busan, Rotterdam, Antwerp, Los Angeles, Hamburg, Barcelona, Le Havre has a positive effect on the efficiency of port operations through the optimal use of resources and space of port terminals, leads to a reduction in downtime, optimization of container movement and organization of cargo flow, reduction of emergency situations, minimization of pollution risks. Analysis of data on the density of sea freight transport in the main regions of the world shows that the most efficient ports with a higher density of cargo shipments are smart ports. The study has a theoretical contribution in the form of a generalization of approaches to the definition of a smart port and the identification of best practices in the implementation of digital technologies and initiatives
Working Within a Perfect Storm: The Current UK Care Crisis in Community Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Norman Alyson , Holloway Mark , Dean Jackie , Patterson Andrew , Needham-Holmes Ben , Curro Valentina , Andrews Craig , Feltham-White Phillipa , Clark-Wilson Jo
Published: December 2024

Context: Within the UK, there is a shortage of support workers required to meet the needs of individuals with acquired brain injuries who often require extensive care packages.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the issues surrounding support worker recruitment and retention and to identify the impact on the care received by individuals with brain injuries and other complex needs.
Method: Two surveys were sent out to members of the British Association of Brain and Complex Case Management (BABICM) to better understand retention and recruitment issues within their organisations. Cross-sectional data were collected in January 2022 and again in April 2023. Data from the surveys were analysed using qualitative content analysis of the free text responses and descriptive statistics of the quantitative responses.
Findings: The content analysis identified a total of seven themes with associated sub-themes: 1) recruiting suitable and experienced staff, 2) low employment incentives, 3) general impact of the pandemic, 4) unsustainable staffing costs, 5) staff burnout, 6) family burden and 7) safeguarding.
Limitations: Findings from this study were obtained from BABICM members, meaning issues within statutory social care are not directly reflected here, although discussion is included about the implications for the United Kingdom statutory social care services.
Implications: The current crisis in support worker recruitment is leading to reduced support choice for individuals with brain injuries as well as increased costs. Family members are experiencing a greater burden of care. The situation has led to an increase in safeguarding issues.
Sobre la filosofía de nuestro momento
Authors: Ordóñez Burgos Jorge
Published: December 2024

Ordóñez Burgos, Jorge. Sobre la filosofía de nuestro momento. La relación entre la filosofía y su historia ha sido —y es todavía— un tema que exige no sólo un gran conocimiento de fuentes y tradiciones, sino también un ejercicio reflexivo profundo en el que la historiografía, la filología y la revisión filosófica de la filosofía misma se complementen como un todo articulado. En este texto propongo meditar sobre las modalidades que puede tener el hoy como marco en el que la filosofía se desarrolla y, a la vez, como punto de partida de una filosofía de “este momento”. El presente, la contemporaneidad, la filosofía de nuestro tiempo, la filosofía actual y las vanguardias filosóficas no pueden entenderse como sinónimos, pues cada una se instala de manera diferente en las circunstancias. La filosofía del hoy puede ser un tema de interés para Latinoamérica, una región con vocación y realidades muy diferentes a las europeas.
Para una Teoría Crítica del racismo en México: el caso de la caravana migrante
Authors: Hernández López Dinora
Published: December 2024

Hernández López, Dinora. Para una Teoría Crítica del racismo en México: el caso de la caravana migrante. En este artículo me propongo esbozar una serie de aproximaciones críticas al racismo en México. Para ello recurro al caso de la caravana migrante, que abordo como una imagen que problematiza la realidad del racismo en nuestro país, ya que pone en tela de juicio la autopercepción de los mexicanos como sociedad incluyente, respetuosa de la diversidad y no racista. No se trata de hacer una exploración sociológica exhaustiva sobre la cuestión, sino de reconfigurar una imagen muy extendida entre la opinión pública sobre este acontecimiento, a partir de un muestrario que recoge principalmente algunas fuentes periodísticas, encuestas de opinión y análisis de instituciones gubernamentales. Al final, esta reflexión nos conduce a destacar las implicaciones políticas y teóricas del predominio del discurso del mestizaje en México, así como las consecuencias de privilegiar el análisis culturalista. Por medio de este trabajo recupero la mirada dialéctica para pensar las tensiones y la conflictividad alrededor de las diferencias socioculturales, tomando como columna vertebral algunos planteamientos de la teoría crítica negativa de la Escuela de Frankfurt, así como algunas ideas de la sociología crítica.
أثر الانتماء الحزبي والمناطِقي في ازدياد ظاهرة الطلاق في زنجبار: دراسة مقاصدية
Authors: Ramadhan Bilal Jum'ah , Arif Arif Ali , ElSayfi Hossam elDin
Published: December 2024

هذه الورقة تتحدث عن أثر الانتماء الحزبي في ازدياد ظاهرة الطلاق في زنجبار، ويتناول الباحث لمحة تاريخية عن دخول الإسلام في زنجبار واقتصادها، وعن تاريخ الأحزاب السياسية فيها قبل الاستقلال وبعده. كما تشير الدراسة إلى أن نسبة الطلاق في زنجبار مرتفعة. والمنهج المتبع في هذه الورقة هو المنهج الوصفي والمنهج التحليلي إضافة إلى الدراسة الميدانية. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن من أهم الأسباب التي تشجع على ازدياد ظاهرة الطلاق في زنجبار: الانتماء إلى الأحزاب السياسية، والاختلاف بسبب الانتماء إلى جُزُر تنزانيا من جزيرة إلى جزيرة أخرى، ويرجع سبب ذلك إلى الجهل بالدين، وعدم معرفة مقاصد أواصر الأسرة، إضافة إلى العنصرية الحزبية والمناطقية. وتكمن مشكلة البحث في بيان اهتزاز الحياة الزوجية وعدم استقرارها في زنجبار للسببين المذكورين خلافًا لما هو عليه بقية الدول، وبيان الدوافع والعوامل المؤدية لهذه المشكلة التي تسبب تفكك الأسر، وعلاج ذلك في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة. ويحتوي هذا البحث على ثلاثة مباحث. فالمبحث الأول سيتحدث عن تاريخ دخول الإسلام والأحزاب السياسية في زنجبار، والمبحث الثاني سيتطرق إلى أثر الانتماء السياسي في ازدياد ظاهرة الطلاق في زنجبار، والمبحث الثالث عن دور مقاصد الشريعة في الحدّ من وقوع الطلاق بسبب الانتماء الحزبي والمناطِقي.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الانتماء، الحزبي، المناطِقي، الطلاق، المقاصد
تأثير قاعدتي الاستحالة والاستهلاك في أحكام الأغذية والأدوية: دراسة فقهية تحليلية
Authors: Syed Yusuf Syed Muhammad Redzuan bin , Arif Arif Ali , Zakariyah Luqman
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة تأثير قاعدتي الاستحالة والاستهلاك في أحكام الأغذية والأدوية، وذلك باتخاذ مادة الجلاتين والكحول أنموذجاً. وقد اعتمد الباحثون في هذه الدراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي؛ بهدف تتبع الفتاوى الصادرة حول المستجدات في الأغذية والأدوية المختلف في حرمتها والنظر فيها من وجهة نظر طبية وفقهية معاً للتكامل بينهما، كما استخدم الباحثون المنهج التحليلي في بيان أسباب اختلاف الفقهاء في أنواع المحرمات في مستجدات الغذاء والدواء، وتحليلها، والوقوف على ذلك، مع بيان الضوابط التي تتفق مع مقاصد الشريعة والقواعد الفقهية. وانتهت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمها: إن قاعدتي الاستحالة والاستهلاك لا تتحققان عند تصنيع الجلاتين لعدم تغيّر الذات البروتيني للأجزاء الخنزيرية وعظامها، إضافة إلى أن تصنيعه لا يُعد تغيّراً طبيعياً. كما أن الكحول تختلف عن الخمور؛ لأنه قد يوجد في بعض المواد الغذائية بطبيعته، وأنَّ الخمور مشروب مسكر، فحرام تناوله سواء أكان قليلاً أم كثيراً. ويرى الباحثون أنَّ ما رجّحوه، يجوز الخروج عليه في حالة الضرورة؛ بناءً على القاعدة الفقهية: "الضرورات تبيح المحظورات".
الكلمات المفتاحية: أحكام الأغذية، الاستحالة، الاستهلاك، الجلاتين، الكحول
قضية عمل المرأة: تحليل مقاصدي للخلفيات والمآلات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية
Authors: Bouhedda Ghalia , Chekkar Abu Nasr Muhammad
Published: December 2024

مناقشة قضية عمل المرأة من الناحية الشرعية أمر يتطلب نظرة علمية كلية شمولية تدرس الموضوع بكل ما يتعلق به من عوامل ومؤثرات حياتية مختلفة، وهذا بعد منهجي يسميه المجتهدون تحقيق المناط العام لموضوع البحث الشرعي؛ إذ هو يمتد إلى دائرة أوسع تتعلق بطبيعة الحياة الاجتماعية ونمط العلاقات الأسرية، ويرتبط بشكل الأنظمة السياسية والاقتصادية وتصورها للمرأة ووظيفتها وموقعها من المجتمع، وكان لزاما على البحث الشرعي باعتباره حامي فلسفة الأمة وكيانها تناولُ القضية ضمن التصور الإسلامي الواسع للإنسان والمجتمع والأسرة. ويأتي هذا البحث ليقدّم إسهاما في هذا النقاش الشرعي، محاولا تفكيك الخلفيات الأيديولوجية التي تكتنف هذه القضية، وبحث الدوافع الاقتصادية والسياسية الكامنة وراءها. ثم متابعة المآلات التي تؤول إليها اجتماعيا واقتصاديا باستحضار واقع تجارب عالمية، للخروج بتصور أكثر شمولية واتزانا في تحقيق مناط القضية في سياقها المقاصدي، الذي يضبط تصورها الفكري وأحكامها التكليفية الشرعية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: عمل المرأة، مقاصد الشريعة، المآلات، الاجتماع، الاقتصاد
Appraising the Legal Position of Parents Under The Qiṣāṣ Law: Immunity or A Waiver
Authors: Hamat Mohd Afandi Awang
Published: December 2024

Islam always enjoins the believer to be their brother’s keeper. They should protect, respect, and preserve the honor and integrity of their fellow human beings. The religion does not allow any harm to be inflicted upon any person without following the due process of the law. Islām considers the concept of rendering “justice for all” as a very significant element in its criminal justice system. Thus, the Islāmic law of crimes and torts (jināyāt) spares no expense and defines all the crimes and as well as their prescribed punishments. The law punishes offenders equally regardless of their biological status, sex, affiliation, or background. However, in some circumstances, the law mitigates punishments in favor of specific people without exonerating them in toto from liability. Mitigation of punishment in Islām therefore, cannot be seen as a grant of immunity since the main objective of the law is to maintain justice amongst all. In recent times, many people hide under the guise of the law in order to take advantage of their actions. Many cases of murder and grievous bodily injuries were alleged to have committed by persons whose responsibilities were to provide protection to their murdered or injured victims. Parents are known to be producers and protectors of their progeny, but quite number of them nowadays are alleged to have committed or aided or abetted the crimes of murder or infliction of bodily harm against their progeny. Hence, this fact cannot be detached from the misconception that is deeply involved in demarcating between “immunity” and “a waiver” under the law of Qiṣāṣ. It is based on this fact that the paper examines the position of parents vis-a-vis the law of Qiṣāṣ with a view to differentiate the concept of “waiver” from that of “immunity”.
Keywords: Islāmic Criminal Law, Law of Qiṣāṣ, Immunity of Parents, Waiver
The Extent of Possibility of Applying a Mode of Financing Services and Benefits in Libyan Banks
Authors: A. Mohamed  Barg Enab Abubaker , Mohd. Noor Azman , Obaid Hasan Saleh Abdulmajid
Published: December 2024

Law no. 1 of the year 2013 issued by the Central Bank of Libya has caused a challenge for Libyan banks because this law has prevented all Libyan commercial banks from providing personal loans with interest (riba) at a time when there was no existence of Islamic banking activities. This problem called for finding a suitable alternative for personal financing. An alternative would be the creation of financing services and benefits based on Shari`ah rules. Therefore, this research aims to study the conditions and work mechanisms for the mode of financing services and benefits and the possibility of employing it as a source of personal finance in Libyan banks. This research uses descriptive and analytical approaches. The study has arrived at a number of findings. The most important of them are: it is possible to implement the mode of financing services and benefits as a source of personal finance to meet the needs of customers, and this mode has the characteristics that qualify it to be a good alternative for personal loans.
Keywords: Personal Financing, Financing Services and Benefits, Islamic Financing, Libyan Banks.
Scope of Green Financing Instruments to Achieve Sustainable Development
Authors: Ibrahim elNajashi Muhammad , Laeba Muhammad , Mahmud Zaki Hisham
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses the issue of achieving sustainable development through green financing instruments, where it discusses the meaning of green bonds and Sukuk, the steps of their issuance, their dimensions, and characteristics. The paper also examines the provision of Shariah on green bonds and Sukuk and discusses the extent of their capability to achieve sustainable development of society. This study uses the inductive approach to track the opinions of researchers on the subject as well as the analytical approach to analyze those opinions. The study has reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: the impermissibility of dealing with green bonds because they are based on riba. Likewise, green Sukuk is also not permissible in Shariah because of the suspicion of riba in it, as it is recovered at nominal value, and these financing instruments do not contribute to the achievement of sustainable development to the highest degree as expected.
Keywords: Finance, Bonds, Sukuk, Green Sukuk, Sustainable Development.
Application of E-Wallet: A Preliminary Analysis from the Shariah Perspective
Authors: Zulkefli Adlin , Rusmadi Hanum , Abdul Aziz Akhtarzaite
Published: December 2024

The introduction of the digital wallet known as “E-Wallet” helps people in their transactions without the need for cash, which is known as the phenomenon of “go cashless.” Implementation of the e-wallet is involved with some transactions and concepts used, which may trigger Shariah issues; this is the research problem. Therefore, there is a need to study this concept and its application by looking into the related Shariah requirements in order to clarify the ḥukm of using the e-wallet for Muslim users. This paper aims to analyze the concepts used in the e-wallet from a Shariah perspective (takyīf Fiqhī) and to highlight issues that are related to its application. This research uses the inductive approach in finding classical and contemporary references, as well as the analytical approach in relation to the Shariah concepts and issues. Finally, this research concludes with several findings: 1) the concept of wadīʿah can be adopted for the e-wallet as long as there is no usage from the platform provider; 2) it was found that the implementation of cashback does not involve riba payment; 3) lastly, there are some key challenges in implementing the e-wallet fully in Malaysia, especially in terms of the security risk.
Key Words: E-Wallet, Takyīf Fiqhī, Wadīʿah, BNM.
Special Standards of Corporate Governance of Islamic Banks and their Application on Islamic Banks in Qatar
Authors: Al-Quradaghi Asmaa Ali Muhyiddin , Ali Arif Arif , Hasan Aznan , AlMulahi Abdullah Ali Ahmad
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to discuss the specific requirements for the corporate governance of Islamic banks by clarifying the concept of corporate governance and its legislative and historical framework. It also discusses the most prominent supervisory authorities in the world and Islamic world, which issue standards for corporate governance. Then it discusses the additional requirements of the corporate governance in regulatory and supervisory authorities in Qatar. It also focuses on analysis of the Qatar Islamic banks’ capacity to apply the standards of corporate governance. The researchers use the inductive method for collecting information related to the study, and descriptive and analytical methods to analyze the corporate governance reports of Islamic banks of Qatar and compare them with the additional requirements for the corporate governance of Islamic banks mentioned in the guidelines of Central Qatar Bank. It will also highlight the applications of these guidelines in Islamic banks of Qatar. The study concludes that Qatar Islamic banks are implementing the additional requirements for Islamic banking corporate governance.
Ways to Address Contemporary Economic Corruption in the Light of Islamic Law
Authors: ElSayfi Hossam elDin
Published: December 2024

This research aims to address the economic corruption that has spread in our Islamic societies. This is considered as an attempt to highlight the Islamic vision of the phenomenon of economic corruption, focusing on the most important reasons that led this phenomenon to spread dangerously, with an indication of the economic and social effects of economic corruption in the societies. This research also indicates ways to combat corruption through the United Nations’ program and the international community. The research also refers to the reform program for the economy that limits the spread of economic corruption in Islamic societies. The researcher follows the descriptive and analytical methods in writing this research. It ends with the approach of Islam in addressing economic corruption.
The Impact of the Doctor's Purpose in Determining the Degree of Liability for the Result of his Action
Authors: Mutleq Mohammad Assaf Mohammad , Salim Mustafa Mohammad
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationship between the medical liability and the intents (maqāṣid) of Sharīʿah. It shows how the degree of liability varies according to the presence of the elements of the general intent. Liability increases when all elements of the intent are present and reduces upon the absence of some of them. It may also be removed altogether in the case of a special legal intent as in a medical surgery, allowed by the Lawgiver, taking into account the intent of preserving a life. The study also explains the conditions for the legitimacy of medical action. It concludes that the doctor is not liable for the results of his action as long as he is committed to the conditions of legality, and does his work properly, but he, however is held accountable for the result of his act, if he is negligent, or he pretended to be a doctor or committed a grave error, or if he has an illegal intent different from the patient’s treatment.
Corporate Governance In Islamic Financial Institutions
Authors: Alnofli Abdulrahman
Published: December 2024

Sound corporate governance is important as it ensures that IFIs are operating within the principles of the Sharī‛ah in its overall activities and that it is performing its role in disclosing profits motivated by the need to maximize the interest of shareholders. The main objective of this article is to discuss the elements of corporate governance and to build a framework that conceptualises corporate governance from the Sharī‛ah perspective. The research has combined the descriptive and analytical methods. The study shows that the model of corporate governance within the premise of the Islamic economic system leans towards being stakeholders-centred as the governance structure in Islam safeguards all rights and interests of all stakeholders and shareholders.
The Effects of the Increasing Phenomenon of Divorce in the North Al-Batinah Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman and Ways to Treat It
Authors: Ali Ibrahim Albalushi Ibrahim , Mahmud Mek Wok , Ali Arif Arif
Published: December 2024

There is no doubt that divorce has a hurtful feeling on the husband, wife, children, family and relatives. It’s like a big shock for the family as well as for the society. The effects of this decision stay long and it is difficult to forget due to the defect that occurs to the family, which was close to each other. They lived in love, mercy and family bond, then they moved to separation, dispersion, disliking and hatred.  It may be asked “who is the most affected by divorce in the Omani society in the North Al-Batinah Governorate? Is it the husband or the wife, or does the harm include both, and what is the fate of the children and society from these effects? To answer all these questions, we explain the effects of divorce on a divorced man, woman, their children and society. We also discuss effects that are common for both husband and wife. The research focuses on the inductive approach through which the researchers collect what is related to the topic of divorce in general. In addition, the analytical approach is used for the study of texts of jurists and imams in their fiqh books related to the topic of divorce in the Sultanate of Oman in particular. Likewise, the comparative approach is used for comparing the statistics of the increasing phenomenon of divorce among the states of North Al-Batinah Governorate. The researchers also made a questionnaire through which they were able to analyse the most important causes and effects associated with the increase in the phenomenon of divorce in Omani society.
Concept of Terrorism, its Nature and Dimensions from the Perspective of Islamic Law of Jihad: A Case Study of Nigeria
Authors: Saad Jaafar , Muhammad Gidado Babangida , Abdullahi Mohammed Isa
Published: December 2024

Islam is the right religion that considers humanity as the focal point of its legislation. On the basis of that, it pays great attention to the security of individuals and the society at large. And, it makes the protection of one's blood, wealth and integrity among its exigencies. Allah (SWT) has endowed mankind with intellect and understanding in order for him to make good use of them in making himself as well as his society happy, and utilize them in building the earth and the entire universe. Therefore, if a man deviates from this mission and tends to promote evil and destruction, that means he goes against the sound nature and instinct with which he is created. Indubitably, terrorism, nowadays is the clear manifestation of deviation from the pure nature with which mankind is created. On the basis of this, this topic is chosen so as to express the stance of Islam in relation to it (terrorism). This research also aims to examine some types of terrorism. The work contains an introduction, three sections and conclusion. Several definitions of terrorism literally and technically and the relationship between extremism and hyperbole in religion are discussed. It also encapsulates the genesis of terrorism in the world, among Muslims, and specifically in Nigeria, and depicts terrorism and its nature in a broad sense and discusses difference between holding on to religion and terrorism. It also distinguishes between Jihad and terrorism, mentions the importance of peace in Islam and the position of Islam in relation to terrorism. In order to accomplish these goals, the researchers use descriptive and analytical methods. They have concluded with the most important findings and recommendations.
Social Integration of People with Sensory Disabilities: A Juristic Maqāṣidic Study in Personal Status
Authors: Al-Zanki Salih Kadir , Muhammad al-Arjani Amal
Published: December 2024

Considering the increase in the number of people with disabilities, and the great attention this group receives from community institutions at the medical, social and educational levels, this research aims to reflect the attention of Islamic Sharīʽah in integrating and protecting the rights of persons with disabilities and establishing the principle of inclusion, equality and justice between them and the rest of the members of the same society by studying the jurisprudential personal status rulings for the people with sensory disabilities. The goal is to clarify the Sharīʽah objectives of these jurisprudential rulings on the one hand and link them to modern psychological and social studies on the other hand. The research problem lies in the need to reveal the compatibility of Sharīʽah rulings for the people with disabilities with the objectives of Sharīʽah. The research combines inductive, analytical, descriptive, and comparative approaches. Among the most important findings of the study is that, in its rulings for the people with sensory disabilities, Islamic Sharīʽah considered the sensory, physical, psychological, and social objectives, as well as all the differences and the characteristics that distinguish them from others. The study also found that marriage helps to integrate people with disabilities into society, overcome many of the difficulties they face, as well as the concerns of disability.
Verbal Semantics in Islamic Jurisprudence: ʿAbd Al-Raḥmān Nāṣir Al-Siʿdī’s Contributions to The Study of Dalālāt Al-Alfāẓ
Authors: Ganai Maasid Siddiq Mohiyuddin , Salama Muhammad Abdur Rahman
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the contributions of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Nāṣir al-Siʿdī to the understanding of Dalālāt al-Alfāẓ (Verbal Semantics) within the framework of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. As a distinguished scholar in Uṣūl al-Fiqh, al-Siʿdī's work sheds light on the nuanced relationship between linguistic expressions and their implications in deriving legal rulings. By analysing al-Siʿdī’s scholarly output, the paper highlights how his insights into the semantics of Arabic lexicon contribute to a deeper comprehension of Islamic law and its application. Al-Siʿdī's meticulous attention to the context, grammatical structure, and etymology of words demonstrates his profound commitment to uncovering the intended meanings of the Sharī'ah. This research not only underscores al-Siʿdī's legacy in Islamic legal theory but also illustrates the pivotal role of language in the epistemology of Islamic jurisprudence. This paper employs a qualitative research approach, focusing on a thorough textual analysis of al-Siʿdī’s scholarly works, specifically his contributions to the study of Dalālāt Al-Alfāẓ (the implications of words) within Islamic jurisprudence. This paper concludes by stating that al-Siʿdī’s contributions to Uṣūl al-Fiqh not only enrich the Islamic scholarly tradition but also serves as a guide for addressing modern legal and ethical dilemmas through the prism of Islamic law. His legacy offers a foundation for future scholarly exploration, promising to extend the understanding and application of Islamic jurisprudence in diverse contemporary contexts.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Sapian Abdul Razak
Published: December 2024

Editorial for Volume 12 Issue 2
MONTESSORI PRESCHOOL CURRICULUM ON LEARNING THROUGH PLAY (LTP) APPROACH THROUGH QUALITY LEARNING SPACES DESIGN
Authors: Xiang Pang Ling , Ismail Alice Sabrina , Mohd Ariff Siti Sara
Published: December 2024

Learning through play (LTP) has emerged as an integral part of the early childhood education system and has profound impacts on children’s learning and holistic skills development. Throughout Montessori history, play has been applied as a learning approach in the Montessori classroom. Quality spatial design is beneficial to support LTP in preschool. However, LTP isn’t integrated effectively into formal preschool in Malaysia as the spatial design of preschool does not support children’s play. Furthermore, there is a dearth of evidence on how LTP can be employed effectively in quality spatial learning environments where the workforce’s training and curriculum development are mainly concerned. The focus of this paper is to evaluate how spatial learning environments in Montessori preschools support LTP as curricula that may emerge across preschools in Malaysian contexts. This paper adopts interpretivism to frame the overall research and implements case studies through explanation building supported by data collection from document analysis and observation on spatial design of two case studies of Montessori preschools which are based upon prominent and established Montessori preschools in a global context. The findings are analyzed with a comparative analysis method based on the determinants of the spatial design features: - articulated space and form; outdoor learning space; social spaces; personalized environment; and anthropometric design, which are supported by Gibson’s Theory of Affordance. Findings indicate that the quality learning space design to support LTP, and open-plan design space is important because of having flexible partitions for creating different areas and integrating with the dynamic external learning environment. Besides, the furniture and facilities all are child-size. Therefore, children are freely moving around and actively involved in either group or individual work. This study is beneficial to designers, educators, and policymakers as it highlights the role of LTP pedagogy in spatial design for developing children’s play behavior patterns in preschool for Malaysia’s future education.
Religion, spirituality and patient counselling: A scoping review
Authors: Abu Hanifah Nabihah , Ramlan Husna Kauthar , Mohammad Za'aim Adhwa Diyanah , Nor Azmi Anis Suzanna , Ahmad Azam Faizah Hanani , Zahari Noor Amirah , Maslil Nur Aisyah , Zaini Syahrir
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Religion and spirituality (R/S) have immense potential in influencing the effectiveness of patient counselling in the healthcare setting. Although substantial literature has studied the relation of religion, spirituality and health, a limited number of studies have investigated the effect of religious/spiritual practices in patient counselling. This study aims to review available qualitative research on the outcome of practising religion and spirituality in patient counselling through scoping review.
Method: This scoping review collects the studies published from the year 2010 until 2020 written in English that were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus databases. Additional articles were retrieved from the Google Scholar through manual search. Synonyms and varied spelling were included in the search keywords to account for differences in spelling and word use in the United States and the United Kingdom. This review focus on the article’s presence with religion, spirituality, and therapeutic components. The methodology of this review was based on Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The abstract from 1162 articles retrieved from database search was screened and unrelated paper were excluded. Remaining 34 papers went through full-text screening and ten articles were selected. The thematic analysis was employed as the analytic method.
Results: Five main themes that were produced from the thematic analysis of included studies which are “Conventional medical counselling”, “Association of religion and spirituality with medical counselling”, “Components of spiritual counselling”, “Challenges in applying spiritual care,” and “Recommendations to spiritual counselling”. 
Conclusion: The results from this scoping review can give some idea to health practitioners in improving the quality of patient counselling in healthcare setting. By incorporating religion and spirituality aspects in the patient counselling, it can improve patient’s understanding and adherence to their medication. This will result in achieving the desired pharmacotherapy outcomes and treatment goals.
Microbial Biotransformation of Anthraquinone: A Review
Authors: Ahmed Qamar Uddin , Binti Amran Nursyafiqqah Najwa
Published: December 2024

Anthraquinones are known to have multiple biological activities such as antioxidant activities, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal, and antimalarial activities. Despite that, microbial biotransformation of anthraquinones was done to modify or synthesise new anthraquinone derivatives which were technically hard to be chemically synthesised. It is an easy way to discover and synthesise new medicinal compounds having potent pharmacological properties. The synthesis of desired compounds requires less time and less energy. It also promises low cost of production and less environmental impact. Some of the reactions involved were dehalogenation, hydrolysis, oxidation, and glycosylation. The new compounds might possess new biological activities or might exert better pharmacokinetic profile than the parent compound. However, until recently, there was no in-vivo study had been done to evaluate the pharmacodynamics profile of microbial biotransformed anthraquinones. If the in-vitro study succeeds, we may expect a high chance of getting positive result in an in-vivo study. Nonetheless, microbial biotransformation is an alternative way to discover new future drugs alongside synthetic pathway. This review summarises articles related to microbial biotransformation of anthraquinones for the past 20 years.
Mortality and its Related Factors among HIV Positive People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Malaysia.
Authors: Ramlan Aida Roziana , MOHAMED NAZAR NOR ILYANI , Ab Rahman Norny Syafinaz , Muhamad Dzawani , Zin Che Suraya
Published: December 2024

Introduction: People who inject drugs (PWID) has long been associated with HIV transmission in the community. In Malaysia, the government has adopted Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) Program since 2006 as one of the harm reduction approaches to reduce the HIV seroprevalence rates. In many countries, MMT has been regarded as a critical platform to ensure HIV positive PWIDs receive appropriate antiretroviral treatment. Abstinent patients, however, may also enrol to the Infectious Disease Clinic in the tertiary public hospital. Despite treatment, mortality was nevertheless quite extensively observed in the population, and the contributing factors are still scarcely investigated. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting mortality among HIV positive PWID from Malaysia's two mainstream treatment settings.
Method: This was a retrospective cohort study where the data was collected from one HIV Clinic of a tertiary hospital and six (6) MMT programs of primary care clinics in the district of Kuantan, Pahang from 2006-2019. The patients were categorised into three different subgroups. The mortality was recorded throughout until the end of the study period. The survival rate was analysed using one-way ANOVA, and the associated factors were analysed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.
Results: In total, 141 records were found to have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 15 HIV-related mortalities recorded throughout the study period. Patients who were started on ART and received ART counselling were associated with protective factors for mortality of all PWID in the study. Among those who have initiated with ART, the time to treatment initiation was the crucial and significant factor for survival.
Conclusion: In conclusion, ART initiation has significantly contributed to HIV positive PWID survival, and the sooner it's started can significantly improve the mortality rate among them.
Tablet splitting practice among patients in Kemaman, Terengganu: An exploratory study on practical issues and their association with medication adherence.
Authors: Khairuddin Nurul Khalilah , Kwek Cheng Hau , Mohd Muzafar Shah Najihah
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The practice of tablet cutting is influenced by tablet shape and size, splitting technique, device used and human competency. Difficulties upon tablet cutting could affect patients' medication adherence, resulting in overdose or under-dose therapy. This study aimed to; 1) evaluate patients' practice in tablet cutting, 2) identify problems associated with tablet cutting, and 3) assess the association between tablet cutting related difficulties with medications adherence.
Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients and caregivers aged over 18 years old, with prescription written at least one medication required to be split. Data were obtained from eight health clinics across the Kemaman district from July to September 2020. Trained pharmacists conducted face-to-face structured interviews. This study used a validated questionnaire consisting of three sections: the sociodemographic, practice of tablet cutting and medication adherence. Descriptive and non-parametric tests (SPSSv.26) were used for analysis with p<0.05 set as statistically significant.
Results: The study recorded 383 returned questionnaires with a response rate of 95.8%. The most common technique used was kitchen knife (40.5%) followed by hand breaking (35.8%), scissors (12.8%) and tablet cutter (7.3%). 64.2% perceived they achieved an equal half split after cutting their medications. 25.3% claimed medication to be ruined or broken after splitting. 12.8% took the whole tablet instead of following the required dose because of splitting difficulty and 25.1% discarded parts of their tablets when splitting did not result in equal half based on their perspective. There was no association between practical problems of tablet cutting with medication adherence.
Conclusion: In conclusion, knife is the most favourable tablet splitting technique but there is no consensus on the best technique for tablet splitting. In order to overcome problems encounter by patient on tablet splitting, healthcare providers should make every effort to use commercially available oral tablet if available. However, if tablet splitting is still necessary, counselling by pharmacist is compulsory to ensure quality of medication and to optimize patient’s adherence as well as medication therapy.
Types and Costs of Medications Returned by Outpatients at a Malaysian Teaching Hospital: A One-Year Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: JAMALUD-DIN NOR AKILAH , Tengku Mohd Kamil Tengku Karmila , Wei Ying Mery Hu , Elnaem Mohamed Hassan , Al-Shami Abdulkareem Mohammed Ahmed , Mohamed Nazar Nor Ilyani , Mohd Taufek Nor Hidayah
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Medication wastage is attributable to various factors, including therapeutic failure, over-prescription, and poor compliance. Data regarding the cost and types of returned medications are essential to estimate the financial burden that can be reduced locally through targeted intervention. This study aimed to investigate the types and cost of medications returned by outpatients at a teaching hospital in Kuantan, Pahang.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from the electronic medical record based on the list of returned medications at the outpatient pharmacy department at Sultan Ahmad Shah medical Centre (SASMEC)@IIUM between January and December 2021. All medications with SASMEC patients' label were included. The medications were classified according to the classification index based on the British National Formulary. The data were analysed using Microsoft Excel version 16.52. The cost associated with returned medications was calculated, referring to the latest cost price of the respective medications.
Results: A total of 134 patients returned their medications in 2021 (mean ± SD age: 63 ± 13 years), with 52% females. The total quantities of returned medications were 11,054 units. These included pills, devices (inhalers, insulin pens), bottles, and plastic containers. The overall cost of these medications was Ringgit Malaysia (RM) 13,594.90 (mean per patient: RM 101.45). The highest number of returned medications was from the cardiovascular group (32.5%), followed by the endocrine group (26%) and musculoskeletal group (11.9%). The highest cost for returned medications was the endocrine group (49%), followed by the cardiovascular group (20%) and the musculoskeletal group (10%).
Conclusion: Medications used for cardiovascular diseases were the most frequently returned at outpatient pharmacy, whereas those for endocrine diseases contributed to the highest cost. Future research could focus on identifying modifiable factors that can contribute to the sustainability of health resources by reducing the cost of returned medications.