bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação e aprendizagem social para Geoconservação
Authors: Santos Vânia Maria Nunes dos , Bacci Denise de La Corte
Published: December 2019

O projeto visa analisar os processos e resultados de uma experiência educativa desenvolvida na proposta do Geoparque Ciclo do Ouro, em Guarulhos (SP), objetivando promover a integração da geodiversidade em políticas públicas e governança ambiental. Envolveu diferentes atores sociais, sendo estes professores da educação básica, comunidade, gestores públicos e pesquisadores acadêmicos. O processo de aprendizagem social e educação para geoconservação e sustentabilidade procurou melhorar a compreensão da geodiversidade e das lacunas de conhecimento dos atores participantes, por meio de metodologias participativas focadas no (re)conhecimento do lugar/ambiente associadas ao ensino em Geociências, com referência em proposta inédita de formação de professores. Buscou promover a gestão da geodiversidade em regiões com alta densidade populacional e conflitos socioambientais e desvelar a consciência do valor da geodiversidade, consideramos que os processos de aprendizagem social e educação para a geoconservação podem indicar caminhos relevantes na proteção futura dos serviços ecossistêmicos, particularmente no contexto das mudanças climáticas.
Ensino de ciências da terra a partir da cidade
Authors: Gonçalves Pedro Wagner , Sicca Natalina Aparecida Laguna , Alves Maurílio Antonio Ribeiro , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré , Cunha Carlos Alberto Lobão da Silveira , Negrão Oscar Braz Mendonza
Published: December 2019

Estudos anteriores examinaram os currículos e programas renovadores do Ensino de Ciências da Terra das décadas de 1960 e 70: pelo seu caráter ideológico e político vinculado à corrida armamentista; aos acordos de subordinação cultural, econômica e política dos países latino-americanos; por seu caráter teórico, abstrato e cientificista etc. Nos limites deste artigo, analisamos um elemento que precisa ser valorizado: a ideia de processo no binômio processo e produto. A construção de objetivos educacionais marcados por certo conjunto de verbos: observar, inferir, descrever, definir, aplicar, classificar, prever, interpretar (como, por exemplo, diferenciar evidência e prova) está indissoluvelmente ligada à valorização do processo. Avanços práticos e teóricos mostram que a contextualização educacional é aspecto crucial para promover a aprendizagem. Elaborar objetos de ensino a partir da cidade facilita a contextualização de conceitos e explicações, bem como contribui sobremaneira para se realizar atividades de campo.
Nursing as Love: A Hermeneutical Phenomenological Study of Creative Thought Within Nursing
Authors: Goldin Marlienne
Published: December 2019

For 35 years, the researcher has observed nurses in practice: when caring for complete strangers and performing acts of caring in the most intimate way. Compassion, duty to act, caring, tenderness, and love are qualities associated with the loving care that nurses provide. The word, love, is seldomly used in nursing schools and in nursing practice. However, the love exhibited daily by nurses for patients may not be adequately described as love. This study describes love, its attributes, and its connection to nursing as compared to when nursing was a trained profession, based on the duty to care.
Optimization of Total Flavonoids Extraction and Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. Leaves using the Simplex-Centroid Design
Authors: Wibisono Kunto , Aisyah Syarifah Iis , Suhesti Sri , Nurcholis Waras
Published: December 2019

The leaves of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. (Lamiaceae) is a perennial plant that contained flavonoids compounds with have antidiabetic properties. The aim of the work was to select the best solvent for extraction of the flavonoid compounds from torbangun leaves. A statistical simplex-centroid mixture design for the water, ethanol, and hexane solvents has been used to the extraction of extract yield, flavonoids content, and inhibitory α-glucosidase activity of torbangun leaves.  The ethanol-water extracts showed the highest extract yield with value of 15.92%. The ethanol-hexane extracts presented the highest total flavonoids content, 96.30 mg QE/g, followed by hexane extract (82.91 mg QE/g). The ethanol extract recorded higher inhibitory of α-glucosidase activity, with value of 25.53%, followed by hexane extract (25.21%), and ethanol-water extract (23.02%). The weak correlation between the α-glucosidase inhibition and total flavonoids content showed that flavonoids contribute non-significantly to the α-glucosidase activity.
Computational Approach to Evaluate Eugenol Affinity and Derivatives Empirical Against Cu(II)
Authors: Djunaidi Muhammad Cholid , Astuti Tantri Nevi , Siahaan Parsaoran
Published: December 2019

A computational approach to assess the emperical results of eugenol affinity, eugenoxy acetate (EOA), and pyridine methyl eugenoxy acetate (PMEOA) against Cu2+has been done. This research aims to determine the effects of the functional groups (−OH, −COOH, and −N) on eugenol and their derivatives on the selectivity of Cu2+adsorption experimentally and to calculate the energy interaction between eugenol compounds and derivatives with Cu2+. The experimental approach was carried out by solvent extraction method, using 10 mL of Cu2+10 ppm solution along with 0.3089 mmol of eugenol, EOA and PMEOA. The remaining concentration of Cu2+metal after extraction in the water phase was measured using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Assessments of the Cu2+metal interaction with eugenol, EOA and PMEOA compounds were carried out using the ab initio method with 6-31G** basis set to predict the interaction energy. The results showed that pyridine methyl eugenoxy acetate (PMEOA) can separate Cu2+better than eugenol and EOA with extraction efficiency (% E) = 78.76%. The calculation results of Cu2+metal interactions with eugenol, EOA, and PMEOA compounds found that PMEOA has the lowest energy of interaction compared to eugenol and EOA with Cu2+metal.
PENERAPAN METODE INVESTIGASI KELOMPOK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPLANASI MELALUI PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS
Authors: Arva Belinda Tri Ari , Sumarwati Sumarwati , Hastuti Sri
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study isto increase motivation and ability writetext explanation on student class XI A P 1 SMK N 1 Surakarta with apply method group investigation. This is classrrom action research which carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results showed that through the application of methods group investigationcan increase motivation and potentiality write explanatory texts in class XI A P 1 SMK N 1 Surakarta from action practice to the first cycle and from the first cycle to the second cycle. Motivation students and in ability to write explanation text increase although not optimal yet there are still some deficiencies both from the teacher and student factors and need to be improved by the second cycle. The conclusions are: (1) implementation method group investigation enhancing motivation on student, (2) application of group investigation methods enhancing the ability to write explanatory text on students with concrete steps taken.
STILISTIKA DAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER NOVEL SEORANG LAKI-LAKI YANG KELUAR DARI RUMAH KARYA PUTHUT EA
Authors: Miftahurrisqi Prarasto , Suyitno Suyitno , Mujiyanto Yant
Published: December 2019

This research aims to describe the use of diction,the figure of speech, the use of image andcharacter education valuesin novel Seorang Laki-Laki Yang Keluar Dari Rumah by Puthut EA. This research employed descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis method. The data of research was contained in novel Seorang Laki-Laki Yang Keluar Dari Rumah and the result of interview with some informants. Technique of collecting data used was library and interview techniques. In this study, the author employed flow model of analysis.The results of research were as follows. Firstly, diction used in novel Seorang Laki-Laki Yang Keluar Dari Rumah consisted of six types. Secondly, there were four figure of speeches used in novel Seorang Laki-Laki Yang Keluar Dari Rumah. Ellipsis as the part of linking figure of speech is used most widely by author. Thirdly, the image used in novel Laki-Laki Yang Keluar Dari Rumah consisted of six types visual images were used most widely. Fourthly, there were ten character education values in novel Seorang Laki-Laki Yang Keluar Dari Rumah. Curiosity education character value was the one used most dominantly.
ANALISIS STILISTIKA DAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM LIRIK-LIRIK LAGU FOURTWNTY ALBUM LELAKU SERTA RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR BAHASA INDONESIA TINGKAT SMA
Authors: Maretta Arina Dicka , Wardani Elisabeth Nugraheni Eko , Anindyarini Atikah
Published: December 2019

This is descriptive qualitative research using stylistic analysis to describe the existence of language style, diction, image, educational values of the character, and the relevance of the lyrics of Fourtwnty album Lelaku as a teaching material for Indonesian language learning at high school. Data collection techniques use content analysis and interviews. Validity test of data using medhod triangulation techniques and theory. The results of this study indicate (1) the language style dominated by sinpoke, repetition epizeuksis, and symbolic able to create aesthetic effects, typical, and affirmation; (2) diction is dominated by connotative and typical greetings and names  that can create beauty and uniqueness; (3) the image is dominated by vision capable of generating the image of the reader; (4) the values of character education are dominated by religious values, communicative, hard work, and peaceful love that is expected to shape the character of the reader; and (5) The lyrics of Fourtwnty's album Lelaku can be used and developed as learning materials of class X Indonesian language especially poetry appreciation material on basic competence 3.8 and 4.8.
PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM INTERAKSI KELAS MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS DI SMA NEGERI 2 SRAGEN)
Authors: Handayani Dina , Suwandi Sarwiji , Setiawan Budhi
Published: December 2019

This research aims to describe and explain: (1) the conversation structure in the classroom interaction of Indonesian language subject between teachers-students and among students and (2) the language function of the teachers' language and students' language in the classroom interaction. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Sragen. The subjects of this study were the use of language the teacher and students in Indonesian language course. The data in the form of sentences and discourse were analyzed by Sinclair & Cotlthard (1975) theory and Halliday (1973) theory. This research belongs to qualitative research using case study methods. The results of this study are; first, in the teachers-students conversation structure and the students-students conversation structure found new actions, namely, repeat. Both of the sequences of the conversation structure unit are from the largest to the smallest, namely: lesson, transaction, exchange, move, and act. Second, the language functions in the teachers’ language and students’ language, namely: the instrumental function, the regulatory function, the interaction function, the representational function, the personnel function, and the heuristic function.
ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE DALAM INTERAKSI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI KELAS VIII F SMP NEGERI 2 BRANGSONG KABUPATEN KENDAL
Authors: Amalia Gina Dinnur , Waluyo Herman J , Mulyono Slamet
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the research are kind of code-switching and code-mixing, the factor of the result from the code-switching and code-mixing; and the role of the code-switching and code-mixing in the Indonesian lerning of the seventh F class SMP N 2 Brangsong, Kendal regency. The research used descriptive qualitative method with case study approach.The research used purposive sampiling and snow ball sampling, then the technique of the collecting data by record, report, and interview. Validity test is triangulation theory.The result of the research are: the first, find out 12 code-switching in the javanese is four times and from Arab is 8 times; the second, find out the code-mixing consist of 44 times divided to be Indonesian dialeg from Jakarta is 12 times and english is 6 times; the third, factor of the result from the code-switching and code mixing from the research devided to be 5 factors (a) personal and speaker, (b) the partner of the speech, (c) the place, (d) topic, and (e) function and purpose.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK APRESIASI NOVEL BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMK NEGERI SUMSEL PALEMBANG
Authors: Novriany Syilvia , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Purnomo Mulyadi Eko
Published: December 2019

This study aims to produce Student Worksheets with the title Appreciation Novel Based on Character Education. This research and development method modifies and collaborates the theories of the development of Gall, Gall, and Borg and the theory of development of Tessmer. Student Worksheets produced in this study through validation tests by three experts covering aspects of feasibility: material, language, presentation, and graphics. Based on the validation of the three experts, the conclusion is that the Student Worksheet is valid and worthy of being tested with revisions according to the comments and suggestions of experts. Then the Student Worksheets are tested one-to-one and small groups which result that the Student Worksheet is practical to use. The field trials were conducted through pretest and posttest, the average value of the students'novel appreciation increased from 57.07 to 82.80 (difference 25.74). Thus, the Student Worksheet Appreciation of Novel Based on Character Education is effective in improving the ability of students to appreciate the novels they read.
Effect of dietary supplementation of selenium nanoparticles on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758) fingerlings fed sunflower meal based diet
Authors: Hussain Syed Makhdoom , Khalid Anam , Shahzad Muhammad Mudassar , Rasul Azhar , Akram Afia Muhammad , Ahmad Nisar , Khalid Fatima
Published: December 2019

Sunflower meal based diet supplemented with selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) atlevels of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg kg-1 were fed common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758) fingerlings in a seventy days feeding trial, to examine the effects on growth, nutrient digestibility and heamatology. Triplicate tanks were used and each tank contained 15 fingerlings that were subjected to experimental feeding at 4% of their live wet weight. A non-digestible marker, chromic oxide was added in the feed at 1% level. Growth performance in terms of weight gain %, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) as well as nutrient digestibility (crude protein, crude fat, gross energy) were estimated following standard methods/standard formulae. Maximum weight gain% (210%), SGR (1.26) and best FCR (1.26) as well as highest nutrient digestibility (crude protein 71%, crude fat 72% and gross energy 70%) were observed in fish fed test diet III supplemented with 2 mg kg-1 Se NPs These results showed that, Se nanoparticles supplementation at the rate of 2 mg kg-1 level is beneficial for improvement of growth in C. carpio fingerlings.
Continuous-wave Laser on Er,Yb-Codoped Pentaborate Crystal
Authors: Gorbachenya K. N. , Kisel V. E. , Deineka R. V. , Yasukevich A. S. , Kuleshov N. V. , Maltsev V. V. , Mitina D. D. , Volkova E. A. , Leonyuk N. I.
Published: December 2019

We report, for the first time to our knowledge, a diode-pumped continuous-wave microchip Er,Yb:YMgB5O10 laser. The purpose of this work was to study the growth technique, spectroscopic properties and continuous-wave laser performance of Er3+,Yb3+:YMgB5O10 novel crystal.

 Absorption and luminescence spectra as well as kinetics of luminescence decay were studied. Ytterbium-erbium energy transfer efficiency was determined. The output characteristics (output power, slope efficiency, laser wavelength) of Er3+,Yb3+:YMgB5O10 laser were determined.

Two intensive absorption bands with peaks centered at 937 nm and 976 nm were observed in the absorption spectra at the wavelength near 1 μm. The maximum value of absorption cross-section was determined to be 1.5·10–20 cm2 at 976 nm for polarization E//Ng . A number of narrow lines were observed in the absorption spectra in the 1425–1575 nm spectral range (transition 4I15/2 → 4I13/2 of erbium ions). The lifetime of the upper laser level 4I13/2 of Er3+ ions was determined to be 390 ± 20 μs. The ytterbium-erbium energy transfer efficiency for YMgB5O10 crystal with 2 at.% of Er3+ and 11 at.% for Yb3+ was close to 84 %. The maximal continuous-wave output power of 0.2 W with slope efficiency of 8 % regarding to absorbed pump power was realized at the wavelength of 1570 nm. With the improvement of cavity parameters the output laser performance of the Er,Yb:YMgB5O10 crystal can be further enhanced.

Taking into account high thermal conductivity of ≈ 6.2 W·m–1·K–1, the Er,Yb:YMgB5O10 crystal can be considered as a good gain medium for 1.5 μm lasers for applications in laser rangefinder and LIDAR systems.
Frequency Domain Diagnostics of Transformer Insulation
Authors: Gutten M. , Šebok M. , Korenčiak D. , Brnčal P. , Kubiš M. , Żukowski P. , Koltunowicz T. N.
Published: December 2019

The first part of paper deals with the base information about diagnostics of power transformers. In this part are presented differently insulating methods, for example method of recovery voltage method, method of polarization and depolarization currents and chromatographic analysis.

The second part of paper deals use of method of frequency domain spectroscopy for oil power transformers. This method is used in analysis insulating condition of power transformer with system of oil-paper. It was found, that the results of these tests are highly impacted by the operating temperature during the experimental measurement. Moisture and conductivity between insulating paper and oil in an insulating system are highly dependent from temperature.

In the other part, the paper presents experimental results of the frequency diagnostic measurement for a real single-phase traction transformer 110/27 kV at different operating temperatures and states (with oil and without).

Finally in the last part, the paper presents comparing frequency insulating measurements among several the same single-phase transformers 110/27 kV.
Model of Thermal Mechanism of Subclass A1 Fire Extinguishing with General Purpose Fire Extinguishing Powder in Non-Stationary Heat Exchange Conditions
Authors: Kitsak A. I.
Published: December 2019

The aim of the paper was to develop a model of thermal extinguishing mechanism using dry chemical powder taking into account the inertia of heat transfer to powder particles during unsteady heat exchange to identify the optimal conditions for extinguishing of A1 class fires with powders.

The method of experimental and mathematical modelling of fire extinguishing process using dry chemical powder with short-term effect on the fire was used to achieve the goal. The experimental dependences of the extinguishing time and unit consumption of the extinguishing powder on the intensity of the powder supply to the combustion zone in extinguishing of subclass A1 fire in same area and in a limited volume were obtained. The mathematical model of a thermal extinguishing mechanism using dry chemical powder has been developed, taking into account the inertia of heat transfer to powder particles during unsteady heat exchange.

Analysis of the regularities of extinguishing the subclass A1 fire using powder with a short feeding it into the fire indicates the presence of optimum values of unity consumption of powder on the fire from the intensity of feeding it into the fire. The presence of this optimum is due to the inertia of extinguishing the subclass A1 fire using powder due to the finiteness of the heat transfer time to the particles of the extinguishing powder and the limited time of interaction of particles with the combustible material.

The theoretical analysis of the fire extinguishing process over the area taking into account the inertia of heat transfer to the powder particles at non-stationary heat exchange are carried out. The results of the analysis are in qualitative agreement with the results of the experimental study of the regularities of extinguishing of model fire foci of subclass A1 with General-purpose fire extinguishing powder.
Application of information technologies for automation management of environmental activity
Authors: Rybak V. A. , Grib A. D. , Ahmad Sh.
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the problem of assessing the conformity of various resource-intensive industries and enterprises with the principles of environmental management. On the basis of existing systems, a new model of monitoring the implementation of innovative projects within the framework of the State Innovative Development Program of the Republic of Belarus is proposed, which includes five main levels: implementing organizations, Government customers, GU BelISA, State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus, Council of Ministers of the Republic Belarus, Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus. This model is programmatically implemented using the latest information technologies and is presented in the form of a web portal for collecting, storing, processing and displaying relevant subject data.

Generally developed approaches and automated tools have been tested and modified for the dairy industry, since this sector of the national economy is one of the most significant for the Republic of Belarus in terms of production. In this direction, indicators of waste-free, resource-intensive, energy-intensive and earth-intensiveness were proposed, which were reduced to a single integral index by the method of logarithmic averaging, which made it possible to increase the sensitivity to changes in terms compared with the arithmetic and geometric averages. To automate the process of collecting, storing, processing and displaying this information, a software tool has also been developed that allows to automate environmental management. The ultimate goal of this tool is to support decision making when choosing a project that is more environmentally friendly. For industries and technologies that do not fall into the category of rational from the point of view of environmental management, a mathematical model of their optimization has been developed with the selection of specific environmental protection measures. The economic efficiency of the developed automation tools was calculated using the methodology for determining the prevented environmental damage and summed up 28303 rubles per year for the company under study.
Calculating the average distance between horizontal projection peaks
Authors: Zaerko D. V. , Lipnitski V. A.
Published: December 2019

During the analysis and construction of the noise filtering algorithm at the stage of segmentation of character strings, the need to describe a special database or dictionary for storing model and skeletal projections of alphabet characters became clear. However, when formatting entries for alphabetical projection in the dictionary, the following questions arose: how many projection values are needed to describe a single character, and also how this value may change depending on the number of strings analyzed and their characters. The objects of research in the article are the vertical projection of the characters, as well as their width of the projection segments. The subject of research is the change of the average width of the projection segment for a certain type of license plates (character string). The main goal is to calculate and justify the average size of the segment. Data about the average width of the projection segment that describes a character allows to determine the number of projection values (coordinates along the ox axis) to store the projection values of this character from an alphabet. Several language alphabets are considered, where each of them is associated with a unique type. In particular, license plates of the Republic of Belarus and the Slovak Republic are considered. Using an elementary statistical apparatus, calculations and analysis of samples were carried out, taking into account the case of their high variation. As a result, the average values of the segment width and the variance of the segment width were obtained using two types of alphabets as an example. In research an algorithm for using the obtained values in the formation of model projection records is presented. The algorithm takes into account «special» cases of going beyond the segment boundaries. The described steps and calculations can be applied to a larger number of alphabets, which indicates the possibility of describing model projection dictionaries for them, with subsequent widespread use of character strings in noise filtering.
The Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Based on Individual and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Gharaagozlou Marjan Mansourian , Hajhashemi Valiollah
Published: December 2019

Background: Most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from bladder dysfunction during the course of the disease. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of these complications among patients with MS.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 602 patients with MS who referred to the neurology clinics of Kashani and Alzahra Hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Multistage random cluster sampling was performed and the informed consent form was signed by the subjects. Then, all the data were collected through interviews using the Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score (LUTSS) developed in accordance with the definitions presented by the International Continence Society (ICS) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and DASS-21 questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS.
Results: The prevalence rate of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was 87.6% among all the subjects, with a similar rate among women (88.0%) and men (86.0%). There was a significant difference between men and women in terms of the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), intermittent urine flow, hesitancy, straining, and dribbling (P < 0.050). There was no significant difference between women and men in terms of the prevalence of other symptoms (P > 0.050). A significant difference was observed in the degree of LUTS with age, marital status, marriage duration, education, illness duration, clinical course, disability, anxiety, depression, and stress (P < 0.05). Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a higher probability of a urinary problems among patients with MS and a high EDSS score [0.67 (0.507-0.903), P = 0.008].
Conclusions: A high prevalence of LUTS was found among patients with MS. There was a higher probability of a urinary tract problem among patients with MS and a high EDSS score. Therefore, it is recommended that the health system take the necessary measures regarding timely detection and treatment of LUTS among these patients in order to prevent secondary outcomes and improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients with MS.
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, prevalence, urinary symptoms
Neonatal Near-Misses in Ghana: A Prospective, Observational, Multi-Center Study
Authors: Bakari Ashura , Bell April J. , Oppong Samuel A. , Bockarie Yemah , Wobil Priscilla , Plange-Rhule Gyikua , Goka Bamenla Q. , Engmann Cyril M , Adanu Richard M , Moyer Cheryl A
Published: December 2019

Background: For every newborn who dies within the first month, as many as eight more suffer life-threatening complications but survive (termed ‘neonatal near-misses’ (NNM)). However, there is no universally agreed-upon definition or assessment tool for NNM. This study sought to describe the development of the Neonatal Near-Miss Assessment Tool (NNMAT) for low-resource settings, as well as findings when implemented in Ghana.
Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals in southern Ghana from April – July 2015. Newborns with evidence of complications and those admitted to NICUs were screened for inclusion using the NNMAT. Incidence of suspected NNM at enrollment and confirmed near-miss (surviving to 28 days) was determined and compared against institutional neonatal mortality rates. Suspected NNM cases were compared with newborns not classified as a suspected near-miss, and all were followed to 28 days to determine odds of survival. Confirmed near-misses were those identified as suspected near-misses at enrollment who survived to 28 days. The main outcome measures were incidence of NNM, NNM:mortality ratio, and factors associated with NNM classification.
Results: Out of 394 newborns with complications, 341 (86.5%) were initially classified as suspected near-misses at enrollment using the NNMAT, with 53 (13.4%) being classified as a non-near-miss. At 28-day follow-up, 68 (17%) had died, 52 (13%) were classified as a non-near-miss, and 274 were considered confirmed near-misses. Those newborns with complications who were classified as suspected near-misses using the NNMAT at enrollment had 12 times the odds of dying before 28 days than those classified as non-near-misses. While most confirmed near-misses qualified as NNM via intervention-based criteria, nearly two-thirds qualified based on two or more of the four NNMAT categories. When disaggregated, the most predictive elements of the NNMAT were gestational age < 33 weeks, neurologic dysfunction, respiratory dysfunction, and hemoglobin < 10 gd/dl. The ratio of near-misses to deaths was 0.55 : 1, yet this varied across the study sites.
Conclusions: This research suggests that the NNMAT is an effective tool for assessing neonatal near-misses in low-resource settings. We believe this approach has significant systems-level, continuous quality improvement, clinical and policy-level implications.
A simple strategy based on fibers coated with surfactant-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes to improve the properties of solid-phase microextraction of phenols in aqueous solution
Authors: zhou xueqing , Xie Yanli , Zhao Zhendong , Fu Wenyan
Published: December 2019

A functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was developed for concentrating analytes in aqueous samples. Sodium deoxycholate(NaDC) was used as a dispersing agent for non-covalent modification of MWCNTs. The coating showed porous structure and large adsorption capacity. To investigate the capability of this MWCNTs/NaDC SPME fiber, it was applied to the analysis of phenols in aqueous solution. After extraction, the analytes were desorbed in an acetonitrile–water solution and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The MWCNTs/NaDC fiber exhibited good analytical performance, and fine preparation reproducibility was obtained with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 4.9% to 10.2% (n = 6) in one batch, from 5.7% to 11.9% (n = 3) among different batches. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the detection limits were 0.15–0.30 ng/mL(S/N=3), the linear detection ranges were 1–100 ng/mL (R2≥0.9997) for these analytes, and good recoveries(80.3%–95.4%) were obtained for the spiked samples. This is a simple and accurate pretreatment method for the analysis of phenols in aqueous samples.
Aim2Be an mHealth intervention for children with overweight and obesity: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mâsse Louise C , Vlaar Janae , Macdonald Janice , Bradbury Jennifer , Warshawski Tom , Buckler E Jean , Hamilton Jill , Ho Josephine , Buchholz Annick , Morrison Katherine M , Ball Geoff DC
Published: December 2019

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity remains high in Canada, and the current standard for the treatment of childhood obesity is in-person family-based multidisciplinary interventions that target lifestyle behaviours (e.g. diet, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours). These programs are costly to operate, have limited success, and report recruitment and retention challenges. With recent advances in technology, mobile health or mHealth has presented as a viable alternative to in-person interventions for behavior change, especially with teens. Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to test the efficacy of Aim2Be, a gamified app based on behavior change theory with health coaching at improving weight outcomes (i.e., decrease in zBMI) and lifestyle behaviours (i.e. improve dietary quality, increase fruit and vegetable intake, reduce sugar-sweetened beverage intake, increase physical activity, and reduce screen time) among 10-17 year old children with overweight or obesity versus their peers randomized into a waitlist control condition. The secondary aims of this study are to: 1) test whether supplementing the Aim2Be program with health coaching increases adherence; and 2) examine the mediators and moderators of adherence to the Aim2Be intervention. Methods: We will employ a randomized controlled trial design and recruit 200 child and parent dyads to participate in the study (2019-2020). Participants will be recruited from Canadian pediatric weight management clinics, and through online advertisements. Child participants must be between the ages of 10-17 years, have overweight or obesity, be able to read English at a grade 5 level, and have a mobile phone or home computer with internet access. Following baseline data collection, participants will be randomized into intervention and waitlist control groups. Intervention participants will receive access to Aim2Be, with access to health coaching. Following 3-month data collection, the control group will gain access to Aim2Be; with no access to health coaching. Participants will control their frequency and duration of app usage to promote autonomy. Discussion: Findings from this study will determine the efficacy of using Aim2Be in improving child weight outcomes and lifestyle behaviours and guide future mHealth interventions for pediatric weight management.
Major amputations in type 2 diabetes between 2001 and 2015 in Spain: Regional differences.
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez María Cristo , Chines Chiara , García Arturo J Pedrero , Sousa Djeniffer , Fernández Francisco J Cuevas , Marcelino-Rodríguez Itahisa , Coello Santiago Domínguez , de León Antonio Cabrera
Published: December 2019

Background: To analyze the trend of lower extremity major amputations (MA) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Regions of Spain from year 2001 until 2015.
Methods : Descriptive study of 40,392 MA. Data were obtained from the national hospital discharge database in patients with T2DM. The incidence rate was calculated in each Region, in addition to the incidence ratios (IR) between annual incidence and incidence of the year 2001. The length of hospital stays and mortality risks were analyzed adjusting regression models for sex, age and smoking.
Results: The major amputations incidence rate per 100,000 persons-year was 0.48 in Spain; Canary Islands showed the highest incidence (0.81). The trend was a slight decrease or stability of the incidence in all Regions except in the Canary Islands (IR 2015 = 2.0 [ CI95%= 1.5, 2.6]) and in Madrid (IR 2015 = 0.1 [CI95%=0.1, 0.2]). Mortality after major amputations was 10% in Spain; Cantabria suffered the highest risk of death [1.7 (CI95%=1.4; 2.1), p<0.001] and La Rioja the lowest risk (0.5 [CI95%=0.2; 0.9]; p = 0.026). The longest hospital stay was registered in the Canary Islands [(CI95%=11.4;13.3], p<0.001)], and the shortest in the Valencian Community [(CI95%= -7.3; -5.8), p<0.001)].
Conclusion: MA in T2DM followed a growing trend in the Canary Islands, which diverged from the downward trend in Spain. The variability of mortality and hospital stay, suggest to review the clinical management in some Regions. Sudden incidence decrease in Madrid suggests checking the record procedures of hospital discharges.
Association between Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and the risk of Multiple sclerosis (MS): An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Imani Danyal , Razi Bahman , Motallebnezhad Morteza , rezaei Ramazan
Published: December 2019

Background

The association between the vitamin D receptor ( VDR ) gene polymorphism and the risk of Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been evaluated in several studiese. However, the findings were inconsistent and inconclusive.Methods

All relevant studies reporting the association between the FokI (rs2228570) or/and TaqI (rs731236) or/and BsmI (rs1544410) or/and ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphisms of the VDR and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis published up to September 2019 were identified by comprehensive systematic database search in web of science, Scopus, and PubMed.Results

A total of 30 case–control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall results suggested a significant association between TaqI gene polymorphism and MS risk under heterozygote contrast (OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.01–1.59, REM). Moreover, the pooled results of subgroup analysis decline presence of significant association under all defined genotype model. In subgroup analysis, BsmI gene polymorphism was associated with increased risk of MS under the recessive model in Asian population. In other hand, ApaI gene polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of MS under recessive and homozygote contrast (aa vs AA) models in Asian population.Conclusions

This meta-analysis suggested a significant association between TaqI gene polymorphism and MS susceptibility. Furthermore, BsmI gene polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of MS in Asian population. In contrast, ApaI gene polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of MS in Asian population. Future large scale studies on gene–environment and gene– gene interactions are required to estimate related risk factors and assist early diagnosis of patients at high risk for MS.
Coping with adequate and inadequate self-assessment of older people’s risk of falling: a mixed-methods study in Germany.
Authors: Strutz Nicole , Brodowski Hanna , Mümken Sandra , Müller-Werdan Ursula , Kiselev Jörn
Published: December 2019

Background: Older people are exposed to an increased risk of falling due to a multitude of physiological and functional changes and fear of falling. The risk of falling is assessed and managed differently. It should be found out whether the coping strategies of older people differ with regard to their activities in daily life depending on the adequacy of their self-assessed fall risk. Methods: Adequacy of the perceived fall risk was evaluated with the de Morton Mobility Index and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale among 100 older people. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted in 16 participants with an identified fall risk. Coding techniques, based on structuring qualitative content analysis and the half-split method were applied. Results: Six out of 16 interviewees assessed their fall risk adequately. Interviews with the seniors resulted in topics such as coping strategies and awareness and several sub-topics in each category. Participants who adequately assessed their own fall risk reported an “active/positive” coping behavior and awareness of themselves. In contrast, those who assessed their own risk of falling inadequately covered all identified categories with no identifiable pattern. Conclusion: An adequate self-assessment of fall risks is accompanied by positive coping strategies to maintain an active lifestyle. In contrast, a lack of an adequate self-awareness seems to lead to arbitrary coping strategies. Assisting older people in their self-awareness regarding their own fall risk should be emphasized in order to adopt positive coping strategies. Future studies are necessary to better understand the underlying mechanisms that lead to an adequate or inadequate self-assessment in older people fall risk.
A LINC00266-1/miR-548c-3p/SMAD2
Authors: Zheng Shengnai , Wan Li , Ge Dawei , Jiang Fan , Qian Zhanyang , Tang Jian , Yang Jin , Yao Yilun , Yan Junwei , Zhao Lei , Li Haijun , Yang Lei
Published: December 2019

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Association between uric acid level and incidence of macroalbuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 4.5-year cohort study
Authors: Lai Yun-Ju , Chen Yu-Yen , Chen Li-Jung , Ku Po-Wen , Hung Kuo-Chuan , Yen Yung-Feng , Lin Yu-Kai
Published: December 2019

Background: Using animal models and molecular biology researches, hyperuricemia has been shown to instruct renal arteriolopathy, arterial hypertension, and microvascular injury involving the renin-angiotensin system and resulting in renal function impairment. Nevertheless, the association between uric acid levels and the development of macroalbuminuria has been under-investigated in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes and regular outpatient visits were recruited from a community hospital in Taiwan since January 2014. Demographics, lifestyle features, and medical history were gathered by well-trained interviewers. All participants underwent comprehensive physical examinations, including a biochemical assay of venous blood specimens and urine samples after an 8-hour overnight fast. Participants were followed until June 2018. The primary outcome was the macroalbuminuria incidence. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis were employed to explore the relation between uric acid and incident macroalbuminuria. Uric acid cutoffs for incident macroalbuminuria were determined with the receiver operator characteristic curve. Results: We included 247 qualified subjects (mean age: 64.78 years old [standard deviation=11.29 years]; 138 [55.87%] men). During a 4.5-year follow-up duration, 20 subjects with incident macroalbuminuria were recognized. Serum uric acid was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident macroalbuminuria (adjusted hazard ratio=2.39; 95% confidence interval: 1.53-3.75; p<0.001) with potential confounders adjustment. The uric acid cutoff point was 6.9 mg/dL (area under the curve 0.708, sensitivity 60.0%, specificity 84.58%) for incident macroalbuminuria. Conclusions: Serum uric acid was associated with incident macroalbuminuria among people with type 2 diabetes.
Investigating the effect of paricalcitol on serum FGF23 in vitamin D deficient rats
Authors: Saki Forough , Omrani Gholamhossein Ranjbar , Koohpeyma Farhad
Published: December 2019

Background: We conducted this study to discover changes of serum FGF23 in non-uremic rat model of vitamin D deficiency without secondary hyperparathyroidism using paricalcitol. Methods: 30 adult male rats weighting 300±20 grams were enrolled. They were divided into three groups of 10 rats including Control, Vitamin D deficient(VDD), and Vitamin D deficient diet treated with paricalcitol(VDD+P). Serum biochemical were checked twice, at baseline and after the 22nd day of study. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline laboratory data between groups. At the end of the study, 1,25(OH)D3 was reduced in VDD (P = 0.019) and VDD+P (P < 0.001) with a more significant decline in VDD+P group. Serum level of FGF23 was reduced in VDD+P group compared to the control group (P = 0.011) and VDD group (P = 0.021). serum PTH in VDD group was higher than the control and VDD+P group (P = 0.036 and P = 0.038, respectively). Conclusion: The present study showed that paricalcitol could reduce FGF23 in vitamin D deficient rats without any changes in serum calcium, phosphorous and fractional excretion of phosphorous, which might be due to low PTH and 1,25(OH)2 D3.
Study on landscape quality evaluation of Urban Forest Park: a case from China
Authors: Sun Tao , Han Xiuyan , Cao Tianyi
Published: December 2019

Background: Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park is a 5A level scenic spot approved by the Chinese government and a world-famous tourist attraction. Due to the decrease of forest coverage and the environmental pollution caused by the large scale of tourism, the requirements of landscape quality evaluation of urban forest parks are put forward. Results: In order to explore assessment methods of landscape quality (LQ) of Urban Forest Park, based on the literature review and current situation analysis, this paper selected 26 assessment indexes of five categories to construct the index system of comprehensive landscape quality assessment of urban forest parks. In view of requirements of landscape quality assessment of urban forest parks, niche suitability model (NSM) was introduced. On the basis of analysis and improvement, spatial niche suitability model (SNSM) was constructed combining absolute niche suitability model and relative niche suitability model by using weighted average method. Then, the application test of SNSM was carried out taking Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park as the research target. Conclusions: The assessment results show that the landscape quality of Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park showed a slow upward trend from 2000 to 2018, and was at the lower middle level in 5A scenic area; at the same time, due to buildings increasing and environmental pollution, forest landscape quality showed a slow downward trend. The assessment results of spatial niche suitability model are in line with the actual situation of landscape quality of Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park, and provide an effective quantitative analysis method for urban forest parks to strengthen landscape quality management and prevent landscape quality risks. Keywords: Landscape quality; urban forest park；spatial niche suitability model; comprehensive assessment；Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park
Multivariate machine learning models for prediction of postoperative intestinal obstruction in patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Li Xueyan , Ma Genshan , Qian Xiaobo , Wu Yamou , Huang Xiaochen , Gu Chengyong
Published: December 2019

Background Machine learning may predict postoperative intestinal obstruction (POI) in patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery for malignant lesions.Methods We used five machine learning algorithms (Logistic regression, Decision Tree, Forest, Gradient Boosting and gbm), analyzed by 28 explanatory variables, to predict POI. The total samples were randomly divided into training and testing groups, with a ratio of 8:2. The model was evaluated by the area operation characteristic curve (AUC), F1-Measure, accuracy, recall, and MSE under the receiver.Results A total of 637 patients were enrolled in this study, 122 (19.15%) of them had POI. Gradient Boosting and gbm had the most accurate in training group and testing group respectively.The f1_score of Gradient Boosting was the highest in the training group (f1_score =0.710526), and the f1_score of gbm was the highest in the testing group (f1_score =0.500000). In addition, the results of the importance matrix of Gbdt algorithm model showed that the important variables that account for the weight of intestinal obstruction after the first five operations are time to pass flatus or passage of stool, cumulative dose of rescue opioids used in postoperative days 3 (POD 3), duration of surgery, height and weight.Conclusions Machine learning algorithms may predict the occurrence of POI in patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery for malignant lesions, especially Gradient Boosting and GBM algorithms. Moreover, time to pass flatus or passage of stool, cumulative dose of rescue opioids used during POD 3, duration of surgery, height and weight play an important role in the development of POI.