bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Next Generation Sequencing Reveals a High Prevalence of HIV-1 Minority Variants and an Expanded Drug Resistance Profile Among Individuals Initiated to Antiretroviral Therapy in a Resource-constrained Setting
Authors: Nannyonjo Maria , Omooja Jonah , Bugembe Daniel Lule , Bbosa Nicholas , Lunkuse Sandra , Nabirye Stella Esther , Nassolo Faridah , Namagembe Hamidah , Abaasa Andrew , Kazibwe Anne , Kaleebu Pontiano , Ssemwanga Deogratius
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Because next-generation sequencing (NGS) can detect minority mutations that have been linked to treatment failure but are missed by population Sanger sequencing, it has the potential to enhance HIV treatment monitoring. Comparing NGS based on the Illumina platform to Sanger sequencing, we assessed the clinical importance of NGS in HIV-1 medication resistance testing.

Methods

In this retrospective case-control study, 167 people with matched Sanger sequencing data underwent HIV genotypic analysis using an Illumina-Miseq. These included 122 time-matched controls from the same cohort who had viral suppression at 12 months, and 45 patients with virologic failure at 12 months.

Results

NGS identified all major HIV drug resistance mutations detected by Sanger sequencing and revealed additional major mutations M184V and K65R that increased the resistance profile to antiretroviral therapy used in this cohort. Abacavir's HIV drug resistance score increased 60-fold, Zidovudine's by 25-fold and to Emtricitabine/Lamivudine by 90-fold. Overall, 108/167 (64.7%) of our subjects had minority DRMs at baseline. K70E, M184V, Y115F, and K70R were among the NRTI minority SDRMs discovered, whereas K103N, Y181C, and K101E were NNRTI minority SDRMs. PI minority SDRMs were also detected in 4 individuals. Being female (p = 0.005) and having a CD4 < 250 cells/mL (p = 0.029) were associated with minority mutations. Minority surveillance DRMs expanded the HIV drug resistance profiles of individuals. A higher frequency of baseline minority mutations correlated with a higher viral load count at end point (p < 0.005).

Conclusions

NGS identified pre-treatment minority variants linked to increased viral load count and enhanced resistance to NNRTIs and NRTIs, and it detected more major mutations than Sanger sequencing. Being female and having low CD4 count were associated with presence of minority mutations. NGS could be used to create drug resistance profiles for people receiving HIV-1 ART, allowing clinicians to use both major and minor mutation profiles to inform treatment choices and so increase the effectiveness of the currently available antiretroviral medication. This may be crucial if the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets are to be met and if we are to eliminate HIV/AIDS as a public health issue by 2030.
Survival outcomes of Segmentectomy and Lobectomy for early stage non-small cell lung cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Tongxin , Wang He , Xiaolong Zhang , Yu Zhou , Dong Wang , Shengyuan Huang , Xiangyang Li , Yong Fu
Published: March 2023

Background
The question of whether segmentectomy and lobectomy have similar survival outcomes for patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a matter of debate.
Methods
A cohort study and randomized controlled trial were conducted, comparing segmentectomy and lobotomy, by utilizing computerized access to the Pubmed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up until July 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to evaluate the randomized controlled trials, while the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the cohort studies. Sensitivity analyses were also carried out.
Results
The analysis incorporated 18 literature studies, including one randomized controlled trial and 17 cohort studies, and was divided into a segmentectomy group (n = 2081) and a lobectomy group (n = 2395) based on the type of surgery the patient underwent. Each study was followed up from 27 months to 130.8 months after surgery. OS:HR = 1.14, 95%CI(0.97,1.32), P = 0.10; DFS:HR = 1.13, 95%CI(0.91,1.41), P = 0.27; RFS:HR = 0.95, 95%CI(0.81,1.12), P = 0.54.
Conclusion
The results of the study suggest that the survival outcomes of the segmentectomy group were not inferior to that of the lobectomy group. Segmentectomy should therefore be considered as a treatment option for early stage NSCLC.
Prediction of permeability coefficient of complex graded non-cohesive soil
Authors: Li Yu , Weihao Wang , Haonan Li , Jibin He , Xinyuan Zhang , Yue Wu
Published: March 2023

The reservoir permeability coefficient is one of the essential parameters for reservoir modeling, oilfield development, and groundwater pollution control. The seepage function of underground fluid shows different properties due to the other particle gradation. This paper used standard quartz sand to conduct a series of tests, such as particle size, porosity, compactness, and permeability coefficient tests, and establish an empirical correlation formula for estimating the permeability coefficient. In order to optimize the coefficients of the proposed relationship, particle size analysis tests were carried out on several samples. Their permeability coefficients were calculated and predicted, and several parallel experiments verified the accuracy of their formulas. The results indicated that (1) The permeability coefficient is affected by the comprehensive effects of gravel particle size and pore particle size in the gravel with the same mineral composition, compactness, and uniformity coefficient. Therefore, careful consideration should be taken in evaluating the permeability coefficient. (2) Within a specific particle size range, the permeability coefficient also decreases with the decrease of gravel particle size and pore size, especially in the range of coarse sand. The permeability coefficient decreases nonlinearly with the increase in compactness. With the increase of the uniformity coefficient, the permeability coefficient decreases first and then increases. (3) The above test and analysis established three mathematical models considering particle size, porosity, compactness, and uniformity coefficient. Model C was the optimal permeability coefficient model, and its determination coefficient R2 was more than 0.98. The above analysis results could provide a reliable basis for sand-filling design, hydrate exploitation, and non-cohesive soil permeability coefficient prediction.
Effect of Steam Explosion on the Morphological, Textural and Chemical Composition Characteristics of Betel Nut
Authors: Yang Bowen , Xu Yaping , Chen Weijun , Chen Wenxue , Zhong Qiuping , Zhang Ming , Pei Jianfei , Chen Haiming
Published: March 2023

To reduce the adverse physical effects on the oral mucosa caused by excessive hardness of betel nut fibres, steam explosion was used to soften betel nuts. The effect of 3 operating parameters (pressure holding time, explosion pressure and initial moisture content) on the morphology, texture and chemical composition of the betel nuts was investigated. The fibre hardness and Shore hardness decreased by 56.17%-89.28% and 7.03%-34.29%, respectively, and the transverse tensile strength and fibre tensile strength also decreased by up to 60.72% and 24.62%, respectively. Moreover, the coefficient of friction and moisture content increased. After steam explosion, the betel nut increased in transverse diameter, became darker and more yellow‒red in colour, and showed a damaged microstructure. The contents of lignin, hemicellulose, free phenol, bound phenol and alkaloids decreased after steam treatment, with total phenols and alkaloids decreasing from 44.07 mg(GAE)/g and 7.84 mg/g to 30.61 mg(GAE)/g and 6.50 mg/g, respectively, after the A-50 s treatment condition. A slight increase in cellulose was observed when steam explosion conditions exceeded 80 s or 0.75 MPa. The steam explosion increased the quantity of phenols, alkaloids and soluble solids released from the betel nut under the same simulated release conditions. The research also showed that the explosion efficiency was positively correlated with the pressure holding time and explosion pressure, while the initial moisture content was reduced the explosion efficiency. Therefore, steam explosion is an effective pretreatment approach to soften betel nut and facilitate healthy development of the betel nut industry.
Deep Hash Similarity Learning for Cross-modal Retrieval
Authors: Ma Ying , Wang Meng , Lu Guangyun , Sun Yajun
Published: March 2023

In cross-modal retrieval research, hashing methods have received a lot of attention from scholars because of high retrieval efficiency and low storage cost.However, the similarity matrix is constructed in these methods with little attention to the similarity information within the modalities.In this paper, we propose a new cross-modal hashing method called Deep Hashing Similarity Learning for Cross-modal Retrieval (DHSL), which introduces relation networks into the hashing method to achieve a two-by-two matching of image and text, effectively bridging the heterogeneity difference between image and text, while focusing on the similarity information within the image and text modalities, and generating a hash with modal similarity information.The hashing similarity matrix with inter-modal similarity and intra-modal discriminant is generated.Considering that the process of converting high-dimensional features to the hash codes loses a lot of semantic information, we set a feature selector to achieve feature enhancement. It selects discriminative features from the original features and joins and fuses them with low-dimensional features to supplement the semantic information. In addition, we introduce weighted cosine triplet loss and quantization loss to constrain the hashing codes in Hamming space to learn high-quality hash codes. In this paper, we select the MIRFlickr25K dataset and the NUS-WIDE dataset as experimental data and conduct extensive experiments. The results show that the DHSL method outperforms several current more advanced cross-modal hashing methods.
Outcomes of Prone Positioning in Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Chandler Jonathan K. , Jandali Badr , Joyce Katie , Smith Dale , Chollet-Hinton Lynn , Brownback Kyle R.
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Prone positioning in mechanically ventilated patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with improved mortality. More data is needed to fully understand its utility in those with ARDS due to COVID-19.
Methods
We conducted a single center prospective observational study inclusive of 100 consecutive patients intubated for ARDS from COVID-19 admitted to the ICU from September 2020 to December 2020. Data was collected daily from time of intubation for 7 days along with 30-day outcomes.
Results
The study included a total of 53 patients proned and 47 non-proned during their hospitalization. Proned patients were 61.8 years old, and 56.6% men compared to 66.3 years old and 57.4% male in the non-proned group. Other baseline characteristics and treatments were similar between both groups other than proned patients having a higher BMI than non-proned patients (34.1 ± 7.5 vs 30.5 ± 7.4, p = 0.02), and lower initial P/F ratios (119.1 ± 54.5 vs 154.0 ± 92.7, p = 0.047). Proned patients required more neuromuscular blockade (OR 6.63, 95% CI 3.25–13.12, p < 0.0001) and higher sedation levels (2 sedatives: OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.77,5.08; ≥3 sedatives: OR = 7.13, 95% CI = 3.96,12.81) with similar ICU length of stays, ventilator days, newly initiated renal replacement therapy, and 30-day outcomes when compared to non-proned patients. Proned patients were re-intubated substantially less than the non-proned group (1.9% vs 19.1%, p = 0.006).
Conclusion
Proning mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients was associated with more frequent use of neuromuscular blockade and sedation, and required significantly lower rates of re-intubation for respiratory failure when compared to non-proned patients.
A Simplified Modeling Approach of Compaction-Induced Groundwater Hydrodynamic Activity in Hydrocarbon Reservoirs
Authors: Afsari Khalil , Amirsardari Mahdi , Alali Najeh
Published: March 2023

Groundwater flow has been identified as a cause of hydrocarbon trapping in geological basins. In sedimentary basins, two main drives for hydrodynamic flow can be distinguished: gravity-driven (centripetal flow) and compaction-driven (centrifugal flow). Some experts believe that the centrifugal phenomenon is a currently active mechanism in some hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, the time duration in which the centrifugal hydrodynamic flow is active has not been well studied by researchers. In this article using numerical modelling of compaction-induced hydrodynamic flow, we estimate a duration time in which this kind of flow is active. With comparison of the time of diminution of centrifugal flow to geological time scale of hydrocarbon reservoirs, it is concluded that centrifugal hydrodynamic flow cannot be currently active. Also, all the phenomena influenced by hydrodynamic activity in petroleum reservoirs including tilted fluid contact and also hydrodynamic trapping are as a result of gravity-driven hydrodynamic activity not compaction-driven.
Toxische Videospielkultur
Authors: Cohnen Christian , Knäble Ricarda , Ilskens Karina , Aschentrup Leona , Sander Uwe , Dockweiler Christoph , Wrona Kamil J.
Published: March 2023

Der Beitrag widmet sich den Erfahrungen von Spieler:innen mit sexueller Belästigung in Online-Spielen und entsprechenden Hilfesystemen. Dazu wird der Forschungsfrage nachgegangen, wie verfügbare Angebote und Massnahmen der Spielhersteller:innen sowie externe Beratungs- und Hilfesysteme von betroffenen Spielenden wahrgenommen werden. Gleichzeitig wird beleuchtet, welche Rolle das soziale Umfeld im Zuge einer eventuellen Inanspruchnahme spielt. Darüber hinaus wird elaboriert, welche Anforderungen sich auf Grundlage dieser Erfahrungen in Bezug auf die (Weiter-)Entwicklung von Hilfsangeboten ergeben. Zur Beantwortung des Forschungsanliegens wurden sieben Spielerinnen, die bereits Erfahrungen mit sexueller Belästigung in Online-Multiplayer-Spielen gemacht haben, in semistrukturierten Interviews befragt. Die Interviews wurden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Die Studienergebnisse liefern Erkenntnisse zur Wahrnehmung respektive Aufnahme und Verarbeitung von Informationen durch Spieler:innen zu bestehenden Hilfesystemen in Multiplayer-Online-Spielen. Es wird ein Beitrag zur Weiterentwicklung bestehender Hilfesysteme in Onlinewelten sowie zum Ausbau zusätzlicher Präventions-, Unterstützungs- und Beratungsmöglichkeiten geleistet. Die Untersuchung zeigt vor allem, dass weiterhin grosser Handlungsbedarf hinsichtlich präventiver Massnahmen sowie seitens der Akteure wie Spielhersteller:innen und Politik bestehen. Zu dessen Klärung wird auch die Durchführung weiterer Studien notwendig sein.
Unlocking the potential of loyalty programs in reference to customer experience with digital wallets
Authors: Vatsa Vidushi , Agarwal Bhawna , Gupta Ruchika
Published: March 2023

The emergence of digital technology has fundamentally transformed how businesses generate value for their customers. One of the critical components of this paradigm shift in digital transformation is improving customer experience, which benefits both consumers and organizations. This study aims to evaluate customer experience and its influence on customer satisfaction and loyalty in the digital wallet domain. It also analyzes the moderating role of loyalty programs. This study was conducted in the Indian context since, alongside advancements in technology and a focus on digitalization, there has been a substantial increase in the acceptance of cashless payment options. The data from 349 respondents using the snowball sampling technique were collected through Google Forms, and SmartPLS 4.0 was used for analysis.The results showed that loyalty and satisfaction are significantly influenced in the digital wallet domain if organizations work on factors affecting customer experience. The results also proved that loyalty programs moderate the relationship between customer experience and customer satisfaction.This analysis successfully unlocked the potential of loyalty programs and established that loyalty programs do not moderate customer loyalty. However, organizations must note that poorly designed loyalty programs are just like any other sale promotion scheme, which adds up to the promotional expense without achieving the overall long-term objective of sustaining loyal consumers.
La toma de decisiones y el diseño de políticas públicas en los espacios locales: una incursión en la planeación del desarrollo ejercida desde el estado de México
Authors: Enríquez Pérez Isaac
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo introducir y ampliar el análisis y estudio de los procesos de planeación en las escalas subnacionales con miras a comprender el sentido de las decisiones públicas y la relación orgánica y la tensión que se suscita entre los flujos globales y los espacios locales. Para acercarnos a ello, se abordaron –en clave de comparabilidad respecto a otros gobiernos subnacionales– los llamados Planes de Desarrollo del Estado de México diseñados y ejercidos entre 1993 y el año 2020 con el fin de identificar sus principales concepciones y líneas estratégicas que le dan forma a las acciones e intervenciones del gobierno de esa entidad federativa mexicana, signada por una continuidad de sus élites político/tecnocráticas en el poder local. A su vez, se incursiona en el debate teórico en torno a la relevancia de los espacios locales y la transformación de las funciones estratégicas de los gobiernos subnacionales en el contexto de la intensificación de los procesos de globalización y de las tensiones que se suscitan con procesos como el desarrollo territorial.
Numerical Investigation of the Passive Flow Control Around a Circular Cylinder
Authors: TUNAY Tural
Published: March 2023

The effects of a perforated cylinder on the passive flow control around a circular cylinder mounted on a wall were investigated. The perforated cylinder was placed outside of the single circular cylinder concentrically. The large-eddy simulation was used to resolve the flow field. The study was aimed at both reducing the drag coefficient of the single cylinder and controlling the fluctuating forces acting on the single cylinder caused by vortex shedding in the downstream wake. The results showed that the structure of the downstream wake flow of the single cylinder changed significantly after placing the perforated cylinder. For example, von Karman vortices disappeared, and the maximum magnitude of turbulent kinetic energy, TKE, in the downstream wake was reduced. The time-averaged drag coefficient of the single cylinder was decreased by 69%. In addition, the maximum value of the lift coefficient of the single cylinder was reduced by eight times when the perforated cylinder was placed outside the single cylinder.
A New Holistic Risk Analysis Approach Based on the House of Quality
Authors: SELAMOĞLU Birsen İrem , KUVVETLİ Yusuf
Published: March 2023

Risk management is a crucial process s that consists of many components. In risk management, different processes are considered, namely, risk identification, risk assessment, determination of preventive actions and monitoring. In this study, a novel risk management approach in which all risk processes are integrated is proposed. In this context, a holistic risk management approach based on the house of quality approach is introduced, and an eight-step creation process is defined. The proposed approach was applied for a primary health care center, and the hazards, risks to be occurred by these hazards, and preventive suggestions were presented. In the case study, twenty-five hazards were identified and eleven risks related to twenty-five hazards were identified and ranked. According to the risk priority numbers, five preventive actions were suggested and evaluated.
Educação, socialização e tecnologia
Authors: Lima Clóvis Ricardo Montenegro de , Andrade Maribel da Rosa , Neves Barbara Coelho , Silveira Lucia Helena Fialho Pereira da
Published: March 2023

Neste artigo discute-se o ensino remoto nas escolas públicas brasileiras durante a pandemia da Covid-19 entre o início de 2020 e o início de 2022. A suspensão das aulas presenciais foi uma medida sanitária necessária para controlar e reduzir a difusão dos coronavírus. O eixo da discussão é investigar a relação entre educação e tecnologia na socialização de crianças e adolescentes. O artigo inicia com uma abordagem crítica da função socializadora das escolas. Destaca-se as referências ao trabalho de Nadja Hermann e George Mead. A seguir faz-se uma discussão do lugar das tecnologias na educação, particularmente as tecnologias digitais. Nesta parte do artigo faz-se referência a Paulo Freire. Por fim, discute-se as consequências da pandemia da Covid-19 no ensino de crianças e adolescentes. Entre elas destaca-se déficits de aprendizagem, problemas na socialização e evasão escolar. Cabe destacar que as desigualdades sociais resultam em distinções nas consequências da pandemia. Conclui-se que abordar e enfrentar consequências da pandemia na socialização de crianças e adolescentes deve fazer parte da agenda das políticas públicas.
DFT and Molecular Docking Studies of 1, 2 Disubstituted Benzimidazole Derivatives with COVID-19 Receptors: An Approach for Medications to Treat COVID-19
Authors: Anjaneyulu Bendi
Published: March 2023

The severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that instigated the COVID-19 outbreak has been classified as a public health emergency of major global importance. As we know, heterocyclic compounds have been used to treat diseases like viral infections, AIDS, and cancer for many decades. There is a significant opportunity to investigate these heterocycles to combat coronaviruses. In this connection, DFT and molecular docking studies of sixteen 1,2 disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives with three different proteins, COVID-19 main protease (PDB: 6LU7), prefusion spike glycoprotein with single receptor-binding domain (PDB: 6VSB), and papain-like protease of SARS CoV-2 (PDB: 6W9C) have been performed using Spartan-14, Autodock Vina and Discovery Studio Visualizer software to investigate the binding interactions between them. The binding affinity results were compared to the authorized drugs hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir and it was concluded that 1,2 disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives might act as more potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 than hydroxyl chloroquine and remdesivir.
In silico Validation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A Domain I
Interaction with the Novel Human scFv Antibody
Authors: Shadman Zahra , Ghasemali Samaneh , Farajnia Safar , Mortazavi Mojtaba , Biabangard Atefeh , Khalili Saeed , Rahbarnia Leila
Published: March 2023

Background::

Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of nosocomial
infections. The pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa is related to its inherent antimicrobial resistance and the
diverse virulence factors of this bacterium. Owing to the specific role of exotoxin A in P. aeruginosa
pathogenesis, it is known as a promising therapeutic candidate to develop antibodies as an alternative
to antibiotics.

Objective::

The present study aimed to validate the interaction between a single-chain fragment variable
(scFv) antibody identified from an scFv phage library against domain I exotoxin A by bioinformatic
tools.

Method::

For this, several bioinformatics tools, including Ligplot, Swiss PDB viewer (SPDBV),
PyMOL, I-TASSER, Gromacs, and ClusPro servers were used to evaluate the interaction of scFv antibody
with P. aeruginosa exotoxin A. The I-TASSER server was utilized to predict the function and
structure of proteins. The interaction of two proteins was analyzed using ClusPro tools. The best docking
results were further analyzed with Ligplot, Swiss PDB viewer, and PyMOL. Consequently, molecular
dynamics simulation was utilized to predict the stability of the secondary structure of the antibody
and the binding energy of the scFv antibody to the domain I of exotoxin A.

Results::

As a result, we demonstrated that data from computational biology could provide proteinprotein
interaction information between scFv antibody/domain I exotoxin A and offers new insights
into antibody development and therapeutic expansion.

Conclusions::

In summary, a recombinant human scFv capable of neutralizing P. aeruginosa exotoxin A
is recommended as a promising treatment for infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
An Overview of the Pharmacological Potential of Curcuma longa
Authors: Sharma Prerna , Rani Nidhi , Sharma Anjali , Sharma Vikas , Garg Madhukar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Various ayurvedic drugs have been widely explored for their therapeutic
potencies since ancient times. One of the most significant medicinal plants is Curcuma longa,
which is one of the different crude medications. It has a variety of beneficial pharmacological characteristics
and has been a staple of Indian cooking for centuries. It exhibits antifungal, antimicrobial,
antioxidant, renal, and hepatoprotective activities. This review is an attempt to explore the various
pharmacological properties of curcumin.

Methods:

This article presents a summary of the methodology available to study the pharmacological
potential, chemical makeup, and organoleptic aspects of Curcuma longa (haldi).

Results:

For its therapeutic properties in Indian material medicine, Curcuma longa is welldocumented.
The plant belongs to the genus Curcuma longa. The Zingiberaceae family includes
Curcuma longa. Curcuma longa is widely used in cosmetics. It is considered the best anthelmintic
property for GIT disorders. In many research papers, curcumin is the best anti-inflammatory agent.
Curcumin is known for its synergistic effect against an anticancer agent. The usefulness of Curcuma
longa as a preventative and curative measure is well established worldwide.

Conclusion:

At general, researchers must consider the experience, cost, and availability of the multidisciplinary
research team, as well as the measures implemented in the institutions, in order to
comprehend the benefits and drawbacks of each assessment method.
Magnetic Nanoparticles: Fabrications and Applications in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis
Authors: Shrirame T.S.
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a global epidemic disease. Millions of people are affected by this disease every year. It affects humans including, children to old age. Nonetheless, there are several therapeutic treatments and drugs available to cure cancer. Recently, the use of smart nanoparticles (NPs) has been a promising technique to eradicate cancer. Among these NPs, magnetic NPs are efficient in treating cancer. Targeted drug-delivery based on 'smart' nanoparticles is the next step towards more efficient oncologic therapies, by delivering a minimal dose of drug only to the vicinity of the target. In the present chapter the methods used for fabrication and engineering of magnetic NPs is discussed. We have focused on current state of research on various applications of magnetic nanoparticles as well as recent breakthrough in the development of these NPs in cancer therapy, diagnosis, and targeted delivery.
Magnetic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Patel A.G.
Published: March 2023

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess different structural, magnetic and dielectric properties compared to bulk magnetic particles and they have found potential applications in the biomedical field (due to their response to applied magnetic field) including MRI, targeted drug delivery, bio sensors, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, and diagnosis, biomaterial coating devices, hyperthermia, cell selection and separation, magnetorelaximetry, antibacterial agent, biomolecules extraction, immunoassay, lab-on-a-chip etc. The synthesis of MNPs can be done by various methods pertaining to the application one is interested in. In present chapter we discuss basic properties (surface and magnetic) of magnetic nano particles and their biomedical applications.
EVALUATION OF INAPPROPRIATE MEDICATION USE AND ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN 65 YEARS AND OLDER HOME CARE PATIENTS
Authors: TÜRKAN Merve , TUNCER Özge
Published: March 2023

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use, the association of PIM use, and activities of daily living in 65 years and older home care patients. Method: The study included 322 patients aged 65 and over who applied to Home Care Unit. Consent was obtained from those who agreed to participate in the study. A questionnaire containing demographic data, drug use information, and Katz Daily Living Activities Index was used which was prepared by the researcher in this study. The drugs used by the patients were evaluated according to the 2015 Beers criteria and inappropriate active substances were detected. The data were defined by statistical analyzes such as mean, percentage, standard deviation, and frequency. Chi-squared test and Student's t-test were used in the analysis. The significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 80.2±8.2 years, and 63.4% (n=204) were female. 70.5% (n=227) of the elderly have three or more chronic diseases. The most common diseases were hypertension (56.2%), diabetes (30.0%), and heart failure (29.8%). 79.2% (n=255) of the group uses four or more drugs. 83.3% (n=260) of the patients get help to use the drugs. 51.6% (n=166) of the patients were fully dependent on activities of daily living and 3.4% (n=11) were fully independent, the level of dependency increases with age (p<0.05). The PIM rate was 61.5% in patients. PIM use was found to be significantly higher in those with more disease, in those who used more drugs, and in females (p<0.05). No relationship was found between inappropriate medication use and addiction level. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that more than half of home care patients aged 65 and over had inappropriate drug use. It was determined that inappropriate medication use increased with polypharmacy, and polymorbidity, and there was no correlation between addiction levels.
Depremlerin Görünmez Yıkımı: İnsanların Psikolojik Sağlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: UĞUZ Şükrü
Published: March 2023

Bu yazıda, depremlerin insanların psikolojik sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi ele alınmaktadır. Depremde göçük altında kalmak, yaşanan kayıplar, evsiz kalmak gibi sonuçlar kişilerde derin etkiler bırakmaktadır. Ayrıca, depremin güvenli alanı tahrip etmesi, toplumdaki güven duygusunu sarsması nedeniyle insanların doğru bilgiye erişiminde zorluklar yaşayabileceği belirtilmektedir. Bu nedenle, devlet tarafından verilen güvenilir bilgilerin önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Yazı ayrıca, depremin sadece doğrudan etkilenenleri değil, olaylara tanık olanları da psikolojik olarak etkileyebileceği ve travma sonrası stres belirtilerine neden olabileceği konusunda uyarıda bulunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, depremlerin bireyler ve toplumlar üzerindeki psikolojik etkilerinin farkında olunması ve etkili müdahalelerin sağlanması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.
Een Nobelprijs geboren in Groningen: Albert Szent-Györgyi (1893 – 1986)
Authors: Dücker Erik
Published: March 2023

De Hongaarse wetenschapper Albert Szent-Györgyi (1893 – 1986) won in 1937 de Nobelprijs voor de Fysiologie of Geneeskunde voor zijn ontdekking van vitamine C en onderzoek naar de ademhaling van cellen. Door dit succes is hij tot op de dag van vandaag een nationale held in zijn thuisland. In Groningen is hij minder bekend en dat terwijl hij in deze stad de basis legde voor zijn grote ontdekkingen. In dit boek kijken we terug op Alberts veelbewogen leven. Een leven vol oorlog en controverse, maar ook humor en natuurlijk heel veel wetenschap. We zien hoe Albert zich ontwikkelt van rijke niksnut tot bevlogen wetenschapper, hoe hij een leider wordt in het Hongaarse verzet tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog en hoe hij als mummie in het verband gepakt moet worden om aan een woedende Hitler te ontkomen. Dat laatste is misschien niet helemaal waar, maar Albert is niet iemand die de waarheid in de weg laat staan van een goed verhaal. Zijn wetenschap is al net zo bijzonder. In een klein keldertje in Groningen begint hij in 1922 met zijn baanbrekende onderzoek. Dit begin is echter niet zo meesterlijk doordacht als het uiteindelijke resultaat doet vermoeden. Albert houdt er namelijk zijn geheel eigen logica op na. Het is daardoor dat hij denkt dat hij met onderzoek naar een aardappel die bruin wordt, inzicht kan verkrijgen in de Ziekte van Addison, een zeldzame aandoening aan de bijnierschors. Het is een geniale misvatting met de Nobelprijs als bekroning.
Prospectiva de la ingeniería agroindustrial en Iberoamérica al 2035: aplicación de la metodología de escenarios y el método Delphi
Authors: Zartha Sossa Jhon Wilder , Palacio Piedrahita Juan Carlos , Orozco Mendoza Gina Lía , Hincapié Llanos Carlos Augusto , Ríos Mesa Andrés Felipe , Álvarez López Catalina
Published: March 2023

La ingeniería agroindustrial es una rama de la ingeniería que estudia el aprovechamiento integral de los recursos biológicos para su uso alimentario y no alimentario, dándoles valor agregado por medio de diferentes procesos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar variables clave, priorizar tecnologías, innovaciones, actores, alcanzables y escenarios para la ingeniería agroindustrial a 2035. Se utilizaron métodos y técnicas tales como análisis Pestal, matrices de impacto cruzado (Micmac), matrices traspuestas (Mactor), probabilidades simples, condicionadas positivas y negativas, moda, frecuencia modal y porcentajes de consenso. Entre los resultados más importantes se resalta la identificación de 295 temas como el uso de energías limpias en producción, microencapsulación, fraccionamiento de fluido supercrítico contracorriente, irradiadores uv no térmicos, sonicación, la priorización de tecnologías e innovaciones, tales como la inteligencia artificial, redes convolucionales, algoritmos genéticos, técnicas de lógica difusa con imágenes digitales, mejoramiento de suelos a través de microorganismos y reducción de la contaminación por bioprocesos.  Se encontró la participación de 53 expertos de Chile, Perú, México, España y Colombia, 784 justificaciones, 200 problemáticas, 71 variables, 21 drivers, 9 actores, 7 objetivos de futuro, 64 escenarios y la elección de un escenario de apuesta. El uso de los resultados en la consolidación y actualización de proyectos curriculares de ingeniería agroindustrial podría considerar aspectos relacionados con nanotecnología, inteligencia artificial, sostenibilidad, genética, biotecnología y aprovechamiento de residuos, de tal manera que la vigencia de los contenidos este a la par de tecnologías convergentes.
WeChat-Based HIV e-Report, a New Approach for HIV Serostatus Requests and Disclosures Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Prospective Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sun Hai-Tong , Fan Xiao-Ru , Gu Yu-Zhou , Lu Yong-Heng , Qiu Jia-Ling , Yang Qing-Ling , Li Jing-Hua , Gu Jing , Hao Chun
Published: March 2023

Background

Requesting and disclosing HIV serostatus is associated with a reduction in HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, the reliability of common methods for HIV
serostatus request and disclosure is inadequate. Validated approaches for requesting and disclosing HIV serostatus are necessary.

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of the HIV e-report as authentic evidence of HIV serostatus among the MSM community in Guangzhou, China. Additionally, the study aimed to explore its correlation with HIV serostatus requesting and disclosure receiving behavior.

Methods

This study is a subgroup analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) that enrolled 357 participants during the first year. Participants in this RCT were recruited from the WeChat-based HIV testing service miniprogram developed by Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China. Participants completed web-based questionnaires at baseline and at the month 3 follow-up, which covered sociodemographic characteristics, HIV-related, HIV serostatus requests, receiving HIV serostatus disclosures, and HIV e-report usage.

Results

The WeChat-based HIV e-report was available in Guangzhou when the RCT project started. At the month 3 follow-up, 32.2% (115/357) of participants had their own HIV e-reports, and 37.8% (135/357) of them had received others’ HIV e-reports. In all, 13.1% (27/205) and 10.5% (16/153) of participants started to use HIV e-reports to request the HIV serostatus from regular and casual male sex partners, respectively. Moreover, 27.3% (42/154) and 16.5% (18/109) of the regular and casual male sex partners, respectively, chose HIV e-reports to disclose their HIV serostatus. Compared to MSM who did not have HIV e-reports, those who had HIV e-reports and stated, “I had had my own HIV e-report(s) but hadn’t sent to others” (multivariate odds ratio 2.71, 95% CI 1.19-6.86; P=.02) and “I had had my own HIV e-reports and had sent to others” (multivariate odds ratio 2.67, 95% CI 1.07-7.73; P=.048) were more likely to request HIV serostatus from their partners. However, no factor was associated with receiving an HIV serostatus disclosure from partners.

Conclusions

The HIV e-report has been accepted by the MSM community in Guangzhou and could be applied as a new optional approach for HIV serostatus requests and disclosures. This innovative intervention could be effective in promoting infectious disease serostatus disclosure among the related high-risk population.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03984136; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03984136

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1186/s12879-021-06484-y
“To Err Is Evolution”: We Need the Implementation Report to Learn (Preprint)
Authors: Perrin Franck Caroline , Geissbuhler Antoine , Lovis Christian
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

JMIR Medical Informatics is pleased to offer implementation reports as a new article type. Implementation reports present real-world accounts of the implementation of health technologies and clinical interventions. This new article type is intended to promote the rapid documentation and dissemination of the perspectives and experiences of those involved in implementing digital health interventions and assessing the effectiveness of digital health projects.
Field of the atmospheric water vapor as a characteristic of heat and dynamic processes at the ocean surface observed by the microwave radiometric means from space
Authors: Grankov Alexander , Milshin Aleksandr , Novichihin Evgeniy
Published: March 2023

An approach to indication and analysis of heat and dynamic processes at the ocean surface and in the atmosphere with the methods of satellite passive microwave radiometry is considered. It bases on a responsiveness of the oceanic and atmospheric up-going microwave radiation to these processes in the spectral band of its attenuation in the atmosphere water vapor, which seems to be as kind of window of the "radio visibility" from satellites. The effectiveness of that approach is caused by the fact that atmospheric water vapor is an active participant (agent) in its heat interaction with the ocean surface and, at the same time, serves as its reliable quantitative indicator. Measured from satellites, natural microwave radiation of the atmospheric water vapor gives distinct signals of changes occurring in the frontal, storm and cyclonic zones in the ocean; they are manifested in the form of pics or jumps of the brightness temperature. The paper provides various examples of the study of such processes as the ocean-atmosphere heat interaction at the middle latitudes of the North Atlantic, origination and propagation of the tropical hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, atmospheric water vapor transport in the tropical Atlantic and its influence on cyclogenesis in the Gulf of Mexico, etc. The data of satellite, ship and buoy measurements are widely used to attain and verify results of our study.
De la Constitución española a la Ley del Registro Civil, una experiencia para Cuba en materia de publicidad restringida
Authors: Proenza Reyes Malena
Published: March 2023

Publicity of the Civil Registry is not absolute. In a general sense, respect for the honor and privacy of people represents its main limit based on the recognition that both the Spanish and Cuban Constitution make of these rights. In this context, it is, therefore, notorious that Law No.51 (1985), of July 15th, on the Civil Status Registry in Cuba, does not have a protected data system that orderly serves as a limit to its publicity. Therefore, assessing this situation is the objective of the study, the one that takes as a reference the organization of the restricted publicity content presented by the Spanish registry system, based on the similarities observed between the registry institutions of both countries and, especially, by the organization that reaches this matter in Law 20/2011, of July 21st of the Civil Registry of Spain.
Editorial
Authors: Pacheco-Salazar Berenice
Published: March 2023

Ciencia y Educación pone a la disposición de la comunidad científica su primer número del 2023 con trabajos de investigación y ensayos teóricos de autoras y autores de México, Honduras y República Dominicana, que abordan temáticas sobre docencia en la educación superior, educación inclusiva, formación en biotecnología y acceso y uso de tecnologías digitales en la juventud indígena...
Bad Arguments and Objectively Bad Arguments
Authors: Hoffmann Michael , Catrambone Richard
Published: March 2023

Many have argued that it is impossible to determine criteria to identify good arguments. In this contribution, we argue that it is at least possible to identify features of objectively bad arguments. Going beyond Blair and Johnson’s ARS criteria, which state that reasons must be acceptable, relevant, and sufficient, we develop a list of eight criteria with instructions for how to apply them to assess arguments. We conclude by presenting data from two empirical studies that show how frequently students violate these criteria in lab conditions and “in the wild.”
Characterization of variational quantum algorithms using free fermions
Authors: Matos Gabriel , Self Chris N. , Papić Zlatko , Meichanetzidis Konstantinos , Dreyer Henrik
Published: March 2023

We study variational quantum algorithms from the perspective of free fermions. By deriving the explicit structure of the associated Lie algebras, we show that the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) on a one-dimensional lattice – with and without decoupled angles – is able to prepare all fermionic Gaussian states respecting the symmetries of the circuit. Leveraging these results, we numerically study the interplay between these symmetries and the locality of the target state, and find that an absence of symmetries makes nonlocal states easier to prepare. An efficient classical simulation of Gaussian states, with system sizes up to80and deep circuits, is employed to study the behavior of the circuit when it is overparameterized. In this regime of optimization, we find that the number of iterations to converge to the solution scales linearly with system size. Moreover, we observe that the number of iterations to converge to the solution decreases exponentially with the depth of the circuit, until it saturates at a depth which is quadratic in system size. Finally, we conclude that the improvement in the optimization can be explained in terms of better local linear approximations provided by the gradients.
La marca personal del influencer y su transformación en franquicia
Authors: Barona Omaña Alberto Jorge
Published: March 2023

The influencer is a personal brand in charge of sharing products and services with their communities, the franchise is based on the license to use the brand, being an essential element for the success of a replicable business. Objective: The research focuses on identifying the elements of an influencer’s brand that are franchisable. Methodology: The business model of 12 influencersfrom various sectors is analyzed to have a greater amount of data for an exploratory study, the analysis was based on observing the type of products that they commercialize and analyzing their franchiseability. Conclusions: The franchisable elements of an influencerare their image through a brand that can be materialized to any product, having limitations in the franchiseability in terms of services.
New product development: Evidence from a banking sector
Authors: Hasani Egzona , Beqaj Besim
Published: March 2023

New products and their development are of vital importance to all organizations, in particular, it is of great importance to banks, whose existence depends heavily on the new products they launch on the market. This paper analyzes the development of new products in the most profitable sector of the Kosovar economy — the banking sector. This paper is based on the research of Hasani and Beqaj (2021) and Harz et al. (2022). Therefore, theoretical and empirical evidence enable the elaboration of this topic more easily and better. The statistical methods that were used to derive the results of 37 respondents (bank workers) and 387 respondents (bank clients) are Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s tests, correlations, and multiple linear regression. The relevance of this research lies in the fact that it has addressed a very current topic that made Kosovar banks very competitive in a dynamic market. The main recommendation of this paper is that Kosovar commercial banks should create an interstructural communication plan that consists of obtaining updated and accurate information about customer preferences.
The potential of paying zakat on income: Evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Oemar Fahmi , Endri Endri , Nugroho Moh. Taufan
Published: March 2023

Countries with emerging economies, especially those with the largest Muslim population, have great potential for raising zakat funds, but their realization is still limited (Karim, 2010). Optimization of income zakat payments is supported by sound financial literacy, corporate support, and carrying out Sharia financial planning (Sevriana et al., 2022). This research investigates the potential of income zakat payments by examining three influencing factors: Islamic financial planning, perceptions of company support, and financial literacy. The research data was obtained through a survey of company employees in paying income zakat. The data analysis method used partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS software. The empirical findings of the study prove that financial literacy significantly and positively affects Islamic financial planning in paying zakat income. Financial literacy does not significantly affect the payment of income zakat directly, but Islamic financial planning mainly involves paying zakat income through intervening variables. Overall, the three factors, namely, perceived corporate support, Financial literacy, and Islamic financial planning, can explain the amount of change in income zakat revenue by 63.9 percent. The limited knowledge of planning and Islamic financial literacy needs to be improved so that the optimization of zakat fund collection in Indonesia can be improved.