bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Sparkol Videoscribe-Based Learning Media in Enhancing Arabic Vocabulary Mastery for Eighth Grade Students
Authors:   Arabic Education Study Program, UIN Raden Intan Lampung (Indonesia), Assyifa Adelia , Fauziah Asti ,   Arabic Education Study Program, UINRaden Intan Lampung, (Indonesia), Qubaiyah Namirotul ,   Hukum Keluarga Islam, Universitas WahidiyahKediri, (Indonesia)
Published: August 2024

In Arabic language learning at school, the role of the teacher in delivering and presenting the materials to be taught has a significant influence on students' learning outcomes. Factors contributing to weak Arabic vocabulary mastery include difficulties in memorizing vocabulary due to students' reliance solely on school-based learning, lack of interest and motivation for learning, memorizing, and recalling Arabic vocabulary, as well as students' school backgrounds without Arabic language subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to employ engaging teaching methods or media to deliver the material to students. This research aims to develop, assess the feasibility, and evaluate the attractiveness of Arabic vocabulary learning material based on Sparkol Videoscribe media. This study is a developmental research that utilizes the ADDIE model, which emphasizes the analysis of how each component interacts coordinatively with the existing phases. The research was conducted at Daarul Ilmi Integrated Islamic Junior High School in Bandar Lampung in November 2022. The developed media has been proven suitable for use, with material expert validation results of 76% or deemed suitable, media expert validation results of 78% or deemed suitable, and educator validation results of 88% or highly suitable. Based on the trial results conducted to determine the attractiveness of Sparkol Videoscribe-based learning media in Arabic language classes for eighth graders, it obtained a score of 86% in small group trials and 89% in large group trials, categorizing it as highly attractive. Thus, the results of Sparkol Videoscribe-based learning media are attractive for student use and can facilitate the mastery of Arabic vocabulary.
Revolutionizing Arabic Language Reading Skills Among Junior Islamic School Students via Innovative Digital Comic Learning Media
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Novita Diana ,   MTs Al - Hikmah Bandar Lampung, Hamdala Almaida Fitra
Published: August 2024

This research aims to investigate the efficacy of utilizing digital comic media to enhance Qira'ah proficiency among seventh-grade students at MTs AL-Hikmah Bandar Lampung. The study addresses the following research questions: 1) How does the development of digital comic media contribute to improving Qira'ah proficiency among seventh-grade students at MTs AL-Hikmah Bandar Lampung; 2) What is the feasibility assessment of the digital comic media in enhancing Qira'ah proficiency among class VII students at MTs AL-Hikmah Bandar Lampung; 3) How do students respond to the implementation of digital comic media to enhance Qira'ah proficiency at MTs AL-Hikmah Bandar Lampung. Employing a research and development (R&D) approach, this study follows the ADDIE development model encompassing Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The research outcomes indicate the high feasibility of Arabic digital comic media, validated by media experts with a commendable assessment score of 94.1%, and material experts with a noteworthy score of 91%. Additionally, student responses to the digital comic media garnered an overall average percentage of 91%, demonstrating a favorable reception. Likewise, teacher assessments of the digital comic media received a 95.5% score, attesting to its positive utility in the learning process. In conclusion, the developed Arabic digital comic media holds great promise as an effective tool for enhancing Qira'ah proficiency in the learning activities.
Effects of radiation from tungsten impurities on the thermal energy loss during the fast thermal quench stage of major disruption in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Zhang Qi-Fan , Le Wen-Cheng , Zhang Yu-Hao , Ge Zhong-Xin , Kuang Zhi-Qiang , Xiao Sheng-Yang , Wang Lu ,   School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China,   International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Published: August 2024

Recent studies based on the PLT, EAST, WEST, ASDEX-upgrade, JET and other tokamaks have shown that the accumulation of heavy impurities in the core regime is unavoidable, which may lead to the degradation of the plasma confinement and even trigger the major disruptions. The plasma thermal energy loss during the major disruptions mainly occurs during the fast thermal quench (TQ) stage. However, there is no comprehensive physical explanation for the scaling of the timescale of this stage. Tungsten as high Z impurity, which will be used as the wall material in International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), has strong radiation power, and may affect the thermal energy loss during the fast TQ. This work considers both the thermal diffusion induced by the stochastic magnetic fields and the radiation from tungsten impurities as the dominant thermal loss mechanisms in this stage, and construct a one-dimensional model of electron temperature evolution in tokamak plasmas. We numerically calculate and analyze the evolution of the electron temperature in this stage with the typical ITER-like parameters, and here are our main conclusions: 1) The order of magnitude of the fast TQ timescale is mainly determined by the level of thermal diffusion. However, the radiation from tungsten impurities can quantitively influence on the timescale of fast TQ and the electron temperature in the late phase of fast TQ. The higher the tungsten concentration, the shorter the TQ timescale and the lower the electron temperature it will lead to in the late phase. Both the numerical and analytical results show that the timescale is approximately linear with the tungsten impurity concentration. 2) Based on the evolution of the global energy loss and the global power loss during the fast TQ, it can be found that the global thermal energy loss via the radiation from tungsten impurities is much smaller than that via the thermal diffusion induced by the stochastic magnetic fields during the early phase of fast TQ stage. However, in the late phase of fast TQ stage, the global radiation power can be comparable to or even greater than that of the global thermal diffusion power. This is also the reason why the electron temperature in the late phase of fast TQ decreases as the concentration of tungsten impurities increases. Therefore, the contribution of the radiation from tungsten impurities to the thermal loss cannot be ignored in the late phase of fast TQ.
Probing PAC1 receptor activation across species with an engineered sensor
Authors: Cola Reto B , Niethammer Salome N , Rajamannar Preethi , Gresch Andrea , Bhat Musadiq A , Assoumou Kevin , Williams Elyse T , Hauck Patrick , Hartrampf Nina , Benke Dietmar , Stoeber Miriam , Levkowitz Gil , Melzer Sarah , Patriarchi Tommaso
Published: August 2024

Class-B1 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important family of clinically relevant drug targets that remain difficult to investigate via high-throughput screening and in animal models. Here, we engineered PAClight1P78A, a novel genetically encoded sensor based on a class-B1 GPCR (the human PAC1 receptor, hmPAC1R) endowed with high dynamic range (ΔF/F0 = 1100%), excellent ligand selectivity, and rapid activation kinetics (τON = 1.15 s). To showcase the utility of this tool for in vitro applications, we thoroughly characterized and compared its expression, brightness and performance between PAClight1P78A-transfected and stably expressing cells. Demonstrating its use in animal models, we show robust expression and fluorescence responses upon exogenous ligand application ex vivo and in vivo in mice, as well as in living zebrafish larvae. Thus, the new GPCR-based sensor can be used for a wide range of applications across the life sciences empowering both basic research and drug development efforts.
A dynamic generative model can extract interpretable oscillatory components from multichannel neurophysiological recordings
Authors: Das Proloy , He Mingjian , Purdon Patrick L
Published: August 2024

Modern neurophysiological recordings are performed using multichannel sensor arrays that are able to record activity in an increasingly high number of channels numbering in the 100s to 1000s. Often, underlying lower-dimensional patterns of activity are responsible for the observed dynamics, but these representations are difficult to reliably identify using existing methods that attempt to summarize multivariate relationships in a post hoc manner from univariate analyses or using current blind source separation methods. While such methods can reveal appealing patterns of activity, determining the number of components to include, assessing their statistical significance, and interpreting them requires extensive manual intervention and subjective judgment in practice. These difficulties with component selection and interpretation occur in large part because these methods lack a generative model for the underlying spatio-temporal dynamics. Here, we describe a novel component analysis method anchored by a generative model where each source is described by a bio-physically inspired state-space representation. The parameters governing this representation readily capture the oscillatory temporal dynamics of the components, so we refer to it as oscillation component analysis. These parameters – the oscillatory properties, the component mixing weights at the sensors, and the number of oscillations – all are inferred in a data-driven fashion within a Bayesian framework employing an instance of the expectation maximization algorithm. We analyze high-dimensional electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography recordings from human studies to illustrate the potential utility of this method for neuroscience data.
RGS10 deficiency facilitates distant metastasis by inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Yang , Jiang Yi , Qiu Peng , Ma Tie , Bai Yang , Bu Jiawen , Hu Yueting , Jin Ming , Zhu Tong , Gu Xi
Published: August 2024

Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with breast cancer. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to breast cancer metastasis. Regulator of G protein-signaling (RGS) proteins modulates metastasis in various cancers. This study identified a novel role for RGS10 in EMT and metastasis in breast cancer. RGS10 protein levels were significantly lower in breast cancer tissues compared to normal breast tissues, and deficiency in RGS10 protein predicted a worse prognosis in patients with breast cancer. RGS10 protein levels were lower in the highly aggressive cell line MDA-MB-231 than in the poorly aggressive, less invasive cell lines MCF7 and SKBR3. Silencing RGS10 in SKBR3 cells enhanced EMT and caused SKBR3 cell migration and invasion. The ability of RGS10 to suppress EMT and metastasis in breast cancer was dependent on lipocalin-2 and MIR539-5p. These findings identify RGS10 as a tumor suppressor, prognostic biomarker, and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Magic Formula
Authors: Michael Michael , Sasmitapura Angga , Faninda Sandra , Fransisca Elza , Setiawan Amelia
Published: August 2024

Magic Formula, developed by Joel Greenblatt, offers a simplified investment model that can be used by individuals without extensive financial literacy. This model uses two key metrics: return on capital and earnings yield, to identify potentially profitable stocks. This study tests the effectiveness of the Magic Formula using data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the past ten years (2011-2021). The results indicate that the Magic Formula yields an average annual return of 39.81%, significantly outperforming the market return, which stands at 6.16%.
Domain wall pinning and dislocations: Investigating magnetite deformed under conditions analogous to nature using transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Lindquist A. K. , Feinberg J. M. , Harrison R. J. , Loudon J. C. , Newell A. J.
Published: February 2015

In this study, we deformed samples cut from a single magnetite octahedron and used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and magnetic measurements to experimentally verify earlier computational models of magnetic domain wall pinning by dislocations and to better understand the nature of dislocations in magnetite. Dislocations in magnetite have been of interest for many decades because they are often cited as a likely source of stable thermoremanent magnetizations in larger multidomain (MD) magnetite grains, so a better understanding of dislocation effects on coercivity in MD magnetite is crucial. TEM imaging shows, for the first time, domain walls sweeping through the magnetite sample and being pinned at dislocations. In agreement with theory, these findings demonstrate that domain walls are more strongly pinned at networks of dislocations than at single dislocations and that domain walls pinned at longer dislocations have higher microcoercivities than those pinned at shorter dislocations. This experimentally illustrates the ability of dislocations to increase the coercivity of larger multidomain magnetite grains. The observed values for microcoercivity and bulk coercivity are in reasonable agreement with theoretical calculations. Burgers vectors were determined for some dislocations to verify that they were in keeping with expected dislocation orientations. The dislocations were found to be primarily located on close‐packed {111} planes within the magnetite. Deformation caused only a minor change in bulk coercivity, but first‐order reversal curve diagrams show populations with increased coercivity not visible in hysteresis loops.
Effect of cold wave on winter visibility over eastern China
Authors: Qu Wenjun , Wang Jun , Zhang Xiaoye , Yang Zhifeng , Gao Shanhong
Published: February 2015

Considerable concern has been raised on the severe wintertime haze episodes over eastern China (ECN) where visibility (Vis) decline in winter is identified from 1973 to 2012 (−0.68 km per 10 years or −26% in 40 years). Based upon the analysis of daily Vis and weather records, cold wave (CW) originating from high latitudes is found to increase Vis by 2.7 km on average because of its relatively stronger wind and drier, cleaner air mass compared with the typical, stable midlatitude air over ECN in winter. However, the lessening frequency of CW occurrence and cold air activity in recent years and the accompanied decrease of surface wind speed (−0.15 m/s per 10 years or −18% in the 40 years) may have amplified the effect of increased anthropogenic emissions on Vis and consequently resulted in more substantial Vis decline. A comparison of Vis trends on the “normal wind” days and on all days in winter implies that the emission increase has contributed to about 79% of the declining Vis trend, while the meteorology change contributed 21%. Furthermore, the diurnal cycle of the boundary layer height is found to have weakened or in some cases disappeared in the winters with less CW, which probably contributed to the long‐lasting characteristic of the wintertime low Vis events in this region. Hence, the effect of climate change, such as the decrease of CW occurrence, should be accounted as part of the interpretation for the steady decrease of winter Vis over ECN in the past four decades.
Selective oxidation of benzylic, allylic and propargylic alcohols using dirhodium(II) tetraamidinate as catalyst and aqueous tert‐butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant
Authors: Wusiman Abudureheman , Lu Chong‐Dao
Published: February 2015

We show that the dirhodium(II) tetraamidinate complex Rh2(Msip)4 efficiently catalyzes the oxidation of activated secondary alcohols at only 0.1 mol% loading. In this approach, we oxidized various benzylic, allylic and propargylic alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds under mild aqueous conditions using the inexpensive oxidant T‐HYDRO® (70 wt% aqueous tert‐butyl hydroperoxide). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The influence of solution parameters on the electrospinning intensity from foamed surface
Authors: Sidaravicius Jonas , Rinkūnas Ringaudas , Lozovski Tadeus , Heiskanen Isto , Backfolk Kaj
Published: February 2015

Electrospinning is an efficient process for producing polymeric and hybrid nanofibers. There is, however, a lack of understanding concerning scalability of the process and in particular the production rate optimization. The electrospinning mass transfer intensity depends predominately on solution parameters, process parameters and the design of the equipment. These parameters influence the deposition intensity of the spinning process differently, but it is not known which factors dominate. The e‐spinning deposition intensity of polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol and their mixtures was investigated using a bubble foamed polymer solution surface to promote high mass deposition. Based on the measured properties of the solutions, a mathematical criterion was developed which made it possible to predict the electrospinning intensity of a given polymer solution. The proposed formula agrees with the experimental data and confirms that spinning intensity can be predicted from pre‐determined solution parameters. Using computer modeling, the weighting coefficients of the solution parameters have been determined, showing which parameter is the most important for the process intensity. The criterion and the same weighting coefficients were applied to the analysis of published data and it was found that they can be applied not only for electrospinning from the foamed surface but also from the free surface. A physical explanation of the criterion is proposed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42034.
Protein influences on guayule and Hevea natural rubber sol and gel
Authors: McMahan Colleen , Kostyal David , Lhamo Dhondup , Cornish Katrina
Published: February 2015

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) is under cultivation in the southwestern United States as an alternative source of natural rubber free from proteins that cause Type I latex allergies. However, since guayule lacks the protein‐polymer interactions present in Hevea latex, its physical and chemical properties may differ. The solvent‐soluble (Sol) and insoluble (Gel) fractions from guayule and Hevea natural rubbers were isolated through a solubilization/centrifugation deproteinization process. Protein could be reduced or removed by centrifugation, or concentrated in the gel fraction for both Hevea and guayule rubber. Separation of the sol fraction of Hevea rubber reduced the overall protein level, in some cases to below detection limits, without impacting rubber thermo‐oxidative stability. Notably, no detectable cross reactions took place between guayule protein antibodies and Hevea‐based materials, nor vice‐versa. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42051.
Optimal angulations for obtaining an en face view of each coronary aortic sinus and the interventricular septum: Correlative anatomy around the left ventricular outflow tract
Authors: Mori Shumpei , Fukuzawa Koji , Takaya Tomofumi , Takamine Sachiko , Ito Tatsuro , Kinugasa Mitsuo , Shigeru Mayumi , Fujiwara Sei , Nishii Tatsuya , Kono Atsushi K , Yoshida Akihiro , Hirata Ken‐Ichi
Published: February 2015

An optimal image intensifier angulation used for obtaining an en face view of a target structure is important in electrophysiologic procedures performed around each coronary aortic sinus (CAS). However, few studies have revealed the fluoroscopic anatomy of the target area. This study investigated the optimal angulation for each CAS and the interventricular septum (IVS). The study included 102 consecutive patients who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography. The optimal angle for each CAS was determined by rotating the volume‐rendered image around the vertical axis. The angle formed between the anteroposterior axis and IVS was measured using the horizontal section. The frontal direction was defined as zero, positive, or negative if the en face view of the target CAS was obtained in the frontal view, left anterior oblique (LAO) direction, or right anterior oblique (RAO) direction, respectively. The optimal angles for the left, right, and non‐CASs were 120.3 ± 10.5°, 4.8 ± 16.3°, and −110.0 ± 13.8°, respectively. The IVS angle was 42.6 ± 8.5°. Accordingly, the optimal image intensifier angulations for the left, right, and non‐CASs and the IVS were estimated to be RAO 60°, LAO 5°, LAO 70°, and RAO 50°, respectively. The IVS angle was the most common independent predictor of the optimal angle for each CAS. Differences in the optimal angulations for each CAS and the IVS are demonstrated. The biplane angulation needs to be tailored according to the individual patients and target structures for electrophysiologic procedures. Clin. Anat. 28:494–505, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iron(II) Disulfides as Precursors of Highly Selective Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Dibenzyl Ether into Toluene
Authors: Ji Na , Wang Xingyu , Weidenthaler Claudia , Spliethoff Bernd , Rinaldi Roberto
Published: February 2015

In this report, we show that nanocrystalline pyrite and marcasite (FeS2), supported on SBA‐15, aerosil SiO2, activated carbon or Al2O3, are precursors of highly active catalysts for the hydrodeoxygenation of dibenzyl ether into toluene. High yields of toluene (up to 100 %) were achieved in experiments performed at 250 °C under initial H2 pressure of 100 bar for 2 h. In the recycling experiments, results from XRD and XPS analyses indicate that a fresh surface, formed upon the chemical transformation of FeS2 into Fe(1−x)S, is responsible for the high activity and high selectivity achieved in the conversion of dibenzyl ether into toluene.
Solvent Influence on Cellulose 1,4‐β‐Glycosidic Bond Cleavage: A Molecular Dynamics and Metadynamics Study
Authors: Loerbroks Claudia , Boulanger Eliot , Thiel Walter
Published: February 2015

We explore the influence of two solvents, namely water and the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate (EmimAc), on the conformations of two cellulose models (cellobiose and a chain of 40 glucose units) and the solvent impact on glycosidic bond cleavage by acid hydrolysis by using molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulations. We investigate the rotation around the glycosidic bond and ring puckering, as well as the anomeric effect and hydrogen bonds, in order to gauge the effect on the hydrolysis mechanism. We find that EmimAc eases hydrolysis through stronger solvent–cellulose interactions, which break structural and electronic barriers to hydrolysis. Our results indicate that hydrolysis in cellulose chains should start from the ends and not in the centre of the chain, which is less accessible to solvent.
Classification of SIM infill panels / Klassifikation von SIM‐Ausfachungswänden
Authors: Totoev Yuri
Published: February 2015

SIM is an innovative building system for mortar‐less walls. It utilises a special method of interlocking SIM bricks that allows relative sliding of brick courses in‐plane of a wall and prevents out‐of‐plane relative movement of bricks. One of its structural applications is in multistorey frame buildings as earthquake resistant masonry infill panels. It improves energy dissipation of frame structures during earthquakes. The energy dissipation occurs through friction between bricks as they engage in relative sliding by the frame vibrating during earthquake. This paper explains the novelty of SIM and offers classification of SIM panels based on the gap width between the frame and the top of the panel.
Contribution of thermal resistance and thermal mass to the energy demand of walling systems / Beitrag des Wärmedurchlasswiderstandes und der thermischen Masse zum Energiebedarf von Wandsystemen
Authors: Alterman Dariusz , Page Adrian , Moghtaderi Behdad , Zhang Congcong
Published: February 2015

This paper describes an experimental investigation of the thermal performance of four common walling systems for Australian housing having a range of thermal resistance (R‐values) and varying degrees of external and internal thermal mass (i. e. inherent property of masonry constructions). The comparison is based on the energy demand under controlled conditions to maintain internal thermal comfort. The R‐values of each wall were first determined using a Guarded Hot Box Apparatus. The walls were then incorporated into four housing test modules built on the University of Newcastle campus and the detailed thermal performance of each system was observed under a range of seasonal conditions. The interior of each module was controlled within a comfort range by a heating/cooling system with the energy consumption being measured. Comparison of the energy requirements clearly show that internal comfort levels and energy demands are influenced by both the thermal resistance of the walls as well as the extent and location of the thermal mass, with neither being the sole predictor. The best thermal performance is therefore obtained by an appropriate combination of thermal mass and resistance, rather than focussing on the wall thermal resistance (R‐value) alone.
B‐1 cells produce insulin and abrogate experimental streptozotocin‐induced diabetes
Authors: Alvares‐Saraiva Anuska M. , Novo Marília C. T. , de Oliveira Vivian Cristina , Maricato Juliana T. , Lopes José Daniel , Popi Ana Flavia , Mariano Mario
Published: February 2015

The participation of B‐1 cells in a murine model of spontaneous diabetes has been recently reported. Here, we describe the role of B‐1 cells in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in mice. We demonstrated that XID (B‐1 cell‐deficient) mice are more susceptible to STZ treatment than WT mice, as evidenced by their higher blood glucose level in response to STZ. Unexpectedly, the XID mice that were i.p. transferred with purified B‐1 cells, either before or after the STZ treatment, did not develop diabetes. These cell transfers provided long‐lasting protection for the XID mice against STZ‐induced diabetes, suggesting that B‐1 cells play an important role in the experimental diabetes pathobiology. We also showed that B‐1 cell culture supernatants were able to regulate the blood glucose level of the diabetic XID mice, and we identified insulin‐producing cells when B‐1 cells were differentiated in B‐1 cell‐derived phagocyte in vitro. These findings provide a novel role for B‐1 cells in metabolic processes, presenting a new mechanism to explain the pathogenesis of diabetes and a possible therapeutical target.
Volatile profile of Conciato Romano cheese, a traditional Italian cheese, during ripening
Authors: Caporaso Nicola , Armento Valentina , Sacchi Raffaele
Published: February 2015

The aim of this paper was to characterize the complete volatile profile of Conciato Romano cheese, a traditional Italian product aged in a mixture of olive oil, wine, and spices, and its modification during ripening, by using SPME sampling and GC/MS analysis of volatiles and considering the rind and body parts separately. Seventy‐six volatile compounds were identified, belonging to chemical classes of acids (8), aldehydes (3), alcohols (14), esters (36), ketones (9), hydrocarbons (1), and terpenes (5). Acids and esters represented the most important chemical classes and are originated from lipolysis and hydrolysis of triglycerides. Aging caused dramatic changes in volatile compounds, particularly on the cheese rind, where the amount of esters, acids, alcohols, and ketones was found particularly abundant at 8 months of aging. Interesting differences were found in volatile headspace composition depending on the external or inner parts. The higher complexity in volatile profile of aged cheese was attributed both to the aging process and tanning mixture. Sensory analysis resulted in higher perception of “sweet” and “stickiness” and significantly lower olfactory persistence in fresh product, while higher values for “salty,” “spicy,” and “persistent” were found in aged ones.

Practical applications: The results of our research can be useful to deepen knowledge of cheese volatile compounds and for a better understanding of the interactions between cheese aging and the use of a particular tanning mixture (olive oil, red wine, and spices), used in the Conciato Romano cheese. It can be used for a chemical characterization of the peculiarity found from sensory assessment of this cheese, as well as for control organisms, if further research would confirm the presence of volatile compounds as molecular markers. Finally, industry can take advantage of our research for possible future certifications of Conciato Romano as a Protected Designation of Origin.

Conciato Romano, a typical and traditional Italian cheese, was studied to report its complete volatile profile by using the SPME‐GC‐MS technique. The volatile compounds were studied both in fresh and in 6‐ and 8 months‐aged cheese, by separately analyzing the rind and body of the product.
First Enantioselective Synthesis of Marine Diterpene Ambliol‐A
Authors: Serra Stefano , Lissoni Veronica
Published: February 2015

The first enantioselective synthesis of furanditerpene ambliol‐A, which is a major metabolite of marine spongeDysidea amblia, has been accomplished by starting from racemic α‐ionone. The key steps of the synthesis include lipase‐mediated resolution of 4‐hydroxy‐γ‐ionone, its stereoselective transformation intotrans‐α‐epoxy‐dihydroionone, C2homologation totrans‐α‐epoxy‐monocyclofarnesyl acetate and Li2CuCl4‐catalysed sp3–sp3cross‐coupling reaction of the latter ester with (furan‐3‐ylmethyl)magnesium chloride. This work confirms the chemical structure previously assigned to ambliol‐A and proves that the natural levorotatory isomer does not possess (1S,2S) absolute configuration, as previously indicated, but is the opposite enantiomer, (1R,2R)‐2‐[(E)‐6‐(furan‐3‐yl)‐3‐methylhex‐3‐enyl]‐1,3,3‐trimethylcyclohexanol.
Synthesis of (–)‐Cryptopleurine by Combining Gold(I) Catalysis with a Free Radical Cyclization
Authors: Stoye Alexander , Opatz Till
Published: February 2015

(R)‐(–)‐Cryptopleurine, a highly cytotoxic alkaloid found in Cryptocarya and Boehmeria species, was synthesized in high optical purity using a gold(I)‐NHC catalyzed cyclization of an unsymmetrical phenanthrene precursor combined with a free radical cyclization to achieve closure of the C‐ring.
Biomimetic Assembly of Leucoridine A
Authors: Benayad Sarah , Beniddir Mehdi A. , Evanno Laurent , Poupon Erwan
Published: February 2015

The three‐step biomimetic assembly of leucoridine A, a pseudosymmetric bisindole of Leuconotis griffithi (Apocynaceae) is described. The semisynthetic route provides suitable conditions toward the central 3‐spiro‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydropiperidine ring connecting the two subunits of the highly congested structure. The biomimetic assembly by a Diels–Alder or alternatively an imino‐Rauhut–Currier reaction affords the natural (S)‐diastereomer of leucoridine A as the sole product. The sequence, repeated in a one‐pot cascade, supports a non‐enzymatic pathway for the assembly of this bisindole and the known related alkaloids.
Swivel‐Cruciform Stilbenes Based on Bithiophene
Authors: García‐Rodríguez Amaranda , Rodríguez Antonio M. , Prieto Pilar , Andreu Raquel , Merino Sonia , Rodríguez‐López Julián
Published: February 2015

Bithiophene‐based cruciforms with different stilbenoid arms at the 3,3′‐ and 5,5′‐positions have been synthesized by various combinations of Suzuki and Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons (HWE) reactions. According to DFT calculations, the steric hindrance between the arms at the 3,3′‐positions produces a twist angle of 57.6° between the two thiophene rings that form the 2,2′‐bithiophene unit, an arrangement that leads to a swivel‐cruciform structure. The UV/Vis spectra contained strong absorption bands at wavelengths consistent with a twisted molecule with little interaction between the arms. The ability of these compounds to form highly stable radical cations was demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry and this, together with their good solubility in organic solvents, indicates that these materials have potential for the development of solution‐processed electronic devices.
Evaluation of the geotechnical properties of alum sludge, zeolite, and their mixtures for beneficial usage
Authors: Balkaya Müge
Published: February 2015

In this article, the suitability of alum sludge (AS) for possible beneficial uses in geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications was investigated. The geotechnical properties (grain size distribution, index properties, compactibility, compressibility, hydraulic conductivity, and shear strength) of AS were determined. Considering the possible positive effects of zeolite (Z) on AS in terms of geotechnical properties and contaminant removal ability, AS was also mixed with various proportions of Z obtained from Manisa‐Gördes, Turkey, and the engineering properties of Z and AS–Z mixtures were also determined. Odeometer test results showed that the samples were not highly compressible. For all the samples, low hydraulic conductivity values on the order of 10−8 cm/s have been achieved. According to direct shear test results, cohesion (c) and internal friction angle (ϕ) values of the AS, Z, and AS–Z mixtures were within the ranges of c = 0–25 kPa and ϕ = 44°–37°, respectively. The geotechnical engineering tests conducted on the samples indicated that these materials were mechanically stable and could be used for various geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1028–1037, 2015
Maximizing furfural concentration from wheat straw and Eucalyptus globulus by nonisothermal autohydrolysis
Authors: García‐Domínguez M.T. , García‐Domínguez J.C. , López F. , de Diego C.M. , Díaz M.J.
Published: February 2015

The autohydrolysis process as a method for selective extraction of hemicelluloses and conversion to furfural was proposed for lignocellulosic raw materials. Samples of wheat straw (WS) and Eucalyptus globulus (EG) were subjected to nonisothermal autohydrolysis, defined by temperature 180–240°C. Within a biorefinery scheme for the selected materials, the aim of this study is both (a) to optimize furfural processing technology to enable higher yields and improved productivity from EG and WS by autohydrolysis and (b) to not excessively degrade the remaining polymeric constituents (glucan) in solid to facilitate a potential later use. Differences in the rate of the dehydration reaction of xylose to furfural have been observed, and it is faster in the case of WS with respect to that observed for eucalyptus. In that form, 4.25 g/100 g raw material (26% of the initial xylan in WS) could be found at 220°C, and an increase in the temperature (240°C) yielded 4.54 g/100 g raw material, 28% of the initial xylan. In EG, the increase in the hydrolysis temperature (240°C) yielded liquor with higher contents of furfural (4.45 g/100 g raw material, 25% of the initial xylan) and acetic acid (4.49 g/100 g raw material) and smaller contents of arabinose and xylan. In WS, a faster dehydration is found. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1236–1242, 2015
Computation of bridge seismic fragility by large‐scale simulation for probabilistic resilience analysis
Authors: Karamlou Aman , Bocchini Paolo
Published: February 2015

Seismic resilience of structures and infrastructure systems is a fast developing concept in the field of disaster management, promoting communities that are resistant and quickly recoverable in case of an extreme event. In this contest, probabilistic seismic demand and fragility analyses are two key elements of the seismic resilience assessment in the majority of the proposed methodologies. Several techniques are available to calculate fragility curves for different types of structures. In particular, to assess the seismic performance of the regional transportation infrastructure, methods for the fragility curve estimation for entire classes of bridges are required. These methods usually rely on a set of assumptions, partially because of the limited information. Other assumptions were introduced at the time when computational resources were inadequate for a purely numerical approach and closed‐form solutions were a convenient alternative. For instance, some of these popular assumptions are aimed at simplifying the model of the engineering demand. In this paper, a simulation‐based methodology is proposed, to take advantage of the computational resources widely available today and avoid such assumptions on the demand. The resulting increase in accuracy is estimated on a typical class of bridges (multi‐span simply supported). Most importantly, the quantitative impact of the assumptions is assessed in the context of a life‐cycle loss estimation analysis and resilience analysis. The results show that some assumptions preserve an acceptable level of accuracy, but others introduce a considerable error in the fragility curves and, in turn, in the expected resilience and life‐cycle losses of the structure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energy harvesting for assistive and mobile applications
Authors: Bhatnagar Vikrant , Owende Philip
Published: February 2015

Technology advances have enabled modification of the size and shape of the electronic components to the microscale, with commensurate scaling down of their power requirements to milliwatts and microwatt range. Consequently, many complex electronic systems and devices such as wearable medical and autonomous devices consume power in the range less than 200 μW, and wireless sensor networks in the range μW to 100 mW are operated on battery power. Due to the salient limitations of battery power, such as longevity of charge and where applicable, the requirement for periodic recharging, possibilities for utilization of autonomous energy sources is critical for operation of such devices. Ambient energy sources, such as vibrations (1 μW to 20 mW), motion (wide range in power outputs), temperature gradient (0.5–10 mW), radiofrequency waves (>180 μW/cm2), light (100 μW/cm2 to 100 mW/cm2), acoustics (0.003–0.11 μW/cm2), and many other, have the potential to directly power the electronic device. Ambient energy harvesting, when used separately or in conjunction with batteries, will enhance the longevity of equipment operations requiring portable or autonomous power supply. This paper reviews the state of the art in energy‐harvesting techniques, power conversion, and characterization of mini‐ and microscale self‐sustaining power generation systems in the range 600 μW to 5 W, specifically focusing on low‐power system applications, for personal assistive and mobile technology devices.
The future is looking bright
Authors: Cozier Muriel
Published: February 2015

After years of talk, false starts and financial sticking points, carbon capture storage and utilization (CCSU) seems to have come into its own in 2014. Here GHGS&T's Muriel Cozier looks back over the last year and rounds up some of the developments that have seen the technology take center stage on the political and industrial agendas. We also look at how CCSU has become pivotal as politicians, industry, and civil society begin the build‐up to December 2015 and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Conference of Parties (UNFCCC COP 21), which will be held in Paris, where a deal has to be struck on climate change if meaningful steps are to be taken to keep global temperatures in check.
A high proportion of cells carrying trisomy 12 is associated with a worse outcome in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: González‐Gascón y Marín Isabel , Hernández‐Sánchez María , Rodríguez‐Vicente Ana‐Eugenia , Sanzo Carmen , Aventín Anna , Puiggros Anna , Collado Rosa , Heras Cecilia , Muñoz Carolina , Delgado Julio , Ortega Margarita , González María‐Teresa , Marugán Isabel , de la Fuente Ignacio , Recio Isabel , Bosch Francesc , Espinet Blanca , González Marcos , Hernández‐Rivas Jesús‐María , Hernández José‐Ángel ,   On behalf of Grupo Español de Leucemia Linfática Crónica (GELLC),   Grupo Cooperativo Español de Citogenética Hematológica (GCECGH)
Published: February 2015

The prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients displaying trisomy 12 (+12) remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the influence of the proportion of cells with +12, and other clinical and biologic factors, in time to first therapy (TTFT) and overall survival (OS), in 289 patients diagnosed with CLL carrying +12. Median OS was 129 months. One hundred seventy‐four patients (60.2%) presented +12 in <60% of cells. TTFT and OS for this subgroup were longer than for the subgroup with +12 in ≥60% of cells, with a median TTFT of 49 months (CI95%, 39–58) vs 30 months (CI95%, 22–38) (P = 0.001); and a median OS of 159 months (CI95%, 119–182), vs 96 months (CI95%, 58–134) (P = 0.015). Other factors associated with a shorter TTFT were: Binet stage, B symptoms, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, high lymphocyte count, 11q‐, high β2microglobulin, and high LDH. In the multivariate analysis, clinical stage, +12 in ≥60% of cells, high lymphocyte count, B symptoms, and 11q‐ in addition, resulted of significance in predicting shorter TTFT. Significant variables for OS were: Binet stage, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, high LDH, high β2microglobulin, 11q‐, and CD38. In the multivariate analysis, only Binet stage, 11q‐, and high β2microglobulin significantly predicted shorter OS. CLL with +12 entails a heterogeneous group with intermediate prognosis. However, a high proportion of cells carrying +12 separates a subgroup of patients with poor outcome. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zevalin and BEAM (Z‐BEAM) versus rituximab and BEAM (R‐BEAM) conditioning chemotherapy prior to autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Berger Martin D. , Branger Giacomo , Klaeser Bernd , Taleghani Behrouz Mansouri , Novak Urban , Banz Yara , Mueller Beatrice U. , Pabst Thomas
Published: February 2015

Early relapse is common in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) highlighting the unmet need for further improvement of therapeutic options for these patients. CD20 inhibition combined with induction chemotherapy as well as consolidation with high‐dose chemotherapy (HDCT) is increasingly considered cornerstones within current therapy algorithms of MCL whereas the role of radioimmunotherapy is unclear. This retrospective single center study compared 46 consecutive MCL patients receiving HDCT in first or second remission. Thirty‐five patients had rituximab and BEAM (R‐BEAM), and 11 patients received ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin®), an Yttrium‐90 labeled CD20 targeting antibody, prior to BEAM (Z‐BEAM) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We observed that the 5‐year overall survival (OS) in the R‐BEAM and Z‐BEAM groups was 55% and 71% (p = 0.288), and the 4‐year progression free survival (PFS) was 32% and 41%, respectively (p = 0.300). There were no treatment related deaths in both groups, and we observed no differences in toxicities, infection rates or engraftment. Our data suggest that the Z‐BEAM conditioning regimen followed by ASCT is well tolerated, but was not associated with significantly improved survival compared to R‐BEAM. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
REVIEW OF BOOKS
Authors: Wedgwood Camilla H.
Published: February 2015

Primitive Economics of the New Zealand Maori. By Raymond Firth. Routledge, 1929, pp. xxiv + 505. 16 Plates and 3 Maps. 25s. net.
REVIEW OF BOOKS
Authors: Wedgwood Camilla H.
Published: February 2015

Orokaiva Magic. By F. E. Williams: Oxford University Press. 1928. Pp. xii + 231, with a Map and eight Plates. 12s. 6d.
REVIEWS
Authors: Firth Raymond
Published: February 2015

Samuel Marsden. By S. M. Johnstone. Angus & Robertson Ltd., Sydney, 1932. Pp. xiii+256. Price 7/6.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

Godsdient en Samenleving in Nederlandsch‐Zuid‐Nieuw‐Guinea (Religion and Social Life in Southern Dutch New Guinea). By J. Van Baal. Amsterdam, N.V. Noord‐Hollandsche Uigeversmaatschappij.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P.
Published: February 2015

Naskapi: The Savage Hunters of the Labrador Peninsula. By Frank G. Speck. University of Oklahoma Press. 1935. Pp. 1–248. Price, 3–50 dollars.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P.
Published: February 2015

Sledges and Wheeled Vehicles. Ethnological Studies from the viewpoint of Sweden. By Gosta Berg. Pp. 1–189. Copenhagen, 1935.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P.
Published: February 2015

Le Temps et l'Espace du Monde Mythique (Australie et Nouvelle‐Guinée). By L. Levy‐Bruhl. Scientia, Vol. LVII, 1935. Pp. 139–149.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P.
Published: February 2015

Philippine Pagans: The Autobiographies of Three Ifugaos. By R. F. Barton, Pp. i–xvii+1–271, with maps and plates. George Routledge and Sons Ltd., London, 1938. Price in England 15/‐.
REVIEWS
Authors: Hogbin H. Ian
Published: February 2015

The Men and Birds of Paradise. By A. J. Marshall. Pp. xii+299, with 38 illustrations. Heinemann, London 1938. English price 15/‐; in Australia 11/6.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

Inleiding tot de Ethnologie van de Indische Archipel. By J. Ph. Duyvendak. J. B. Wolters' Uitgevers‐Maatschappij, Groningen‐Batavia, 1940. Pp. 218.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

Fijian Frontier. By Laura Thompson, with an Introduction by Bronislaw Malinowski. American Council of the Institute of Pacific Relations. Pp. xxiii+153. American price, two dollars.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P.
Published: February 2015

A New Fijian Grammar. By C. Maxwell Churchward. Published by the Australasian Medical Publishing Company, Ltd., Sydney, for the Government of Fiji. 1941. Pp. 94. Price 4/6.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

4 Dictionary of the Language of Bugotu. Compiled by W. G. Ivens. Published by the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1940. Pp. 99.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

Timor Portugês : Contribuïçōes para o seu Estudo Anthropológico. By A. A. Mendes Corrêa, Imprensa Nacional de Lisboa, 1944, pp. 235.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

Grammar of the Pokau Language. By P. A. Lanyon‐Orgill. Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, London, Vol. XI, Part 3, 1945, pp. 641–655.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

The People of Alor. By Cora Du Bois

Danske Pionerer paa Stillehavet. By Bent Rosenkilde Nielsen

Die Figurstühle vom Sepik‐Fluss auf Neu‐Guinea. By Jan Söderström

Zeremonial‐Steinbeil von den Korugu im Wagi‐tal im östlichen Zentral‐Neuguinea. By Dr. Georg Höltker

Ein Cenoman‐Ammonit … By Arthur Eerni, Basel
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

The Book of Pidgin English. John L. Murphy. W. R. Smith and Paterson Pty., Ltd., Brisbane, 1947. Pp. 129. Foreword by Major‐General Basil Morris.
REVIEWS
Authors: Elkin A. P.
Published: February 2015

Snow Balls of Garwhal. Folk‐Culture Series. Edited D. N. Majumdar. The Universal Publishers Ltd. Lucknow, 1946. Pp. I–XIV, 1–87. Price Rs. 3–12.
REVIEWS
Authors: Capell A.
Published: February 2015

De Papoea—Cultuurimprovisator. By Dr. G. J. Held. W. van Hoeve, 's‐Gravenhage and Bandung. 1951. Pp. 231.
REVIEWS
Authors: Berndt Ronald M.
Published: February 2015

Art Mélanésien. By Patrick O'Reilly. Paris, 1951. Pp. 1–43.
REVIEWS
Authors: Berndt Ronald M.
Published: February 2015

Psychoanalysis and the Social Sciences. Vol. III. Editor Géza Róheim. International Universities Press Inc., New York, 1951. Pp. 1–313.
REVIEWS
Authors: Berndt Catherine H.
Published: February 2015

The Moa‐Hunter Period of Maori Culture. By Roger Duff. Wellington, N.Z., Department of Internal Affairs, 1950. Pp. 1–405, with Foreword by Dr. H. D. Skinner.
REVIEWS
Authors: van Nunen Alfons
Published: February 2015

Religion auf Ostflores, Adonare und Solor. By Paul Arndt, S.V.D., Studia Instituti Anthropos. Vol. 1. Wien‐Mödling, Missionsdruckerei St. Gabriël. 1951. Pp. XII+248 and map.