bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application Study of CFRP in Longmen Grottoes Plank Way Cantilever Beam Reinforcement Project
Authors: Gao Xiao Juan , Liu Xiao Min
Published: June 2011

Longmen Grottoes is the famous cultural heritage. Many factors should be considered in reinforcement project of the plank way cantilever beam. Considering the characteristics of the tourist area, many reinforcement schemes are put forward. At last, the methods with CFRP sheet is selected to reinforce the plank way cantilever beam. The reinforcement effect shows that the method with CFRP material increases very little weight of the structural members. The appearance of the reinforced member is harmonious to the surrounding environment.
Finite Element Modeling (FEM) of GFRP Bar Reinforced Concrete Beam: Flexural Behavior
Authors: Huang Jian Wei
Published: June 2011

This paper presents flexural analysis of a GFRP bar reinforced concrete beam by using Finite Element Modeling (FEM) approach. The FEM model is developed using solid element for concrete and bar element for GFRP reinforcement. Results from FEM show good agreement with the reported experimental result under service loading, in terms of load vs. mid-span deflection. The first cracking load from FEM matches analytical solution fairly well, while ultimate flexural capacity of RC beam from FEM shows 8.3% higher than that calculated with ACI 440 Equation.
Bond-Slip Numerical Simulation of Concrete and Gypsum Board
Authors: Zhao Quan Bin , Jiang Xin Liang
Published: June 2011

The characteristics and research situation of bond-slip performance at the inter face of concrete and other materials are introduced, and the bond-slip constitutive relation models are summarized at the same time. Through the load-slip curves obtained from the pull-out experiment of CFFP, the proposed bond-slip constitutive relation models are presenting, including the simple one. With the numerical simulation analysis of CFFP is carried out by the use of the proposed constitutive relation, while the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results conducted before, which is feasible and can be applied to further research on CFFP.
Damage Identification of Offshore Platform Based on D-S Evidence Theory
Authors: Diao Yan Song , Tong Xian Neng
Published: June 2011

In order to improve the accuracy of damage identification of offshore platform, structural damage identification method based on D-S evidence theory is proposed. Firstly, the stiffness matrix damage factor iterative method and modal strain energy method are used to identify the structural damage, and give the decision vectors respectively. Then, the decision vectors are imported into the D-S evidence theory formula, the damage probability of every element would be obtained and the damage location would be determined finally. Offshore platform model experiments show that the results of structural damage identification are more accurate and reliable after D-S evidence theory is used.
Analysis of the Impact of Cracking Old Portland Cement Concrete Pavement to Underground Pipe
Authors: Li Ping , He Chen , Wu Gui Xian , Wang Xiu Li
Published: June 2011

Impacting and compacting technology is widely applied for re-built old PCC pavement. However, underground pipe would be influenced by impacting machine to possibly occur fracture. A 3D finite element model was established by ADINA software to analyze distribution of additional stress and displacement upon pipe when machine traveled across different positions of slab. The results indicated that longitudinal compressive stress and vertical displacements at the corner of the slab were larger than those at the longitudinal middle fringe of the slab; the influenced depth of additional stress caused by impacting force was about 2.5m and additional stress decayed quickly with the increasing depth; the maximum soil pressure measured in field was smaller than that in numerical simulation.
Effective Compactible Time of Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Gao Ying , Wang Ren Xiao , Yu Wen Bin
Published: June 2011

The quality of compaction is important to Hot Mixed Asphalt (HMA) pavement. Most premature failures of asphalt pavement are concerned with poor compaction. Characteristics of cooling curve of asphalt mixture were studied in this paper. Through on site measurement, it was found that air temperature, solar radiation, wind velocity and layer thickness had great influence on cooling time. Then, with ABAQUS finite element software, the rule of HMA mixture cooling curves during paving was simulated. A simple multi-factors regression equation was given which can be used to estimate the effective compactible time.
Evaluation of Shear Strength on Pavement Layers by Use Tack Materials
Authors: Du Jia Chong
Published: June 2011

Pavement bonding associates with shear strength which depends on different tack coat materials and temperature. The higher temperature has, the lower shear strength is; and increasing the application rate does not significantly improve the shear strength. The test results show that the shear strength decreases with an increase in temperatures has the maximum value at optimum application rate (OAR) and emulsion asphalt used has higher shear strength than that of cutback asphalt. The tack materials and temperature are significantly effective the shear strength, in accordance with the statistic of two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.
Air-Entraining Concrete Bubble Distribution Fractal Dimension and Anti-Chloride Ion Diffusion Characteristics
Authors: Tang Ming , Tian Yong , Mu Xiao Bo , Jiang Ming
Published: June 2011

Usually resistant to salt water corrosion of concrete prepared with fly ash and slag grinding fine admixture, however, such mixed concrete frost resistance is bad, resistant to seawater freeze-thaw performance is worse, usually with higher air-entraining, can overcome the defects. In the project, even if the liquidity of concrete is very good, the difference in bubble size and its distribution is very complicated. In order to prepare the concrete with high resistant to seawater freezing-thawing and corrosion, this paper studied on the relationship of the high air content of concrete with high resistance to sea water freezing-thawing and chloride ion diffusion coefficient. It was found that concrete air content, bubble fractal dimension and electric flux has good correlation, concrete anti-chloride ion diffusion ability can introduce bubbles cluster fractal dimension and bubbles distribution fractal dimension to characterization. With the increase of fractal dimension, the concrete resistance to chloride ion diffusion capacity enhanced. the complexity of the bubble was reflected from the bubble distribution fractal dimension, which objectively describes the gradation of bubbles, bubbles gradation improved greatly improve the concrete anti-chloride ion diffusion capacity.
Study on the Welding Residual Stress in Anchorage Area of Steel Bridge
Authors: Liu Xiao Yu
Published: June 2011

Aimed at the problems such as welding stress concentration and especially irregular distribution of welding residual stress for anchorage area in cable-stayed bridges, three full-scale beam-anchor-plate connection models of Chongqing Jiangjin Guanyinyan Yangtse Rive bridge were made and the tests were performed. The purposes of the tests and study were to investigate the distribution of welding residual stress in anchorage area and moreover to find a way to reduce and eliminate the welding residual tensile stresses. For this reason ultrasonic impact was imposed on the main welds of the three models. The result of the experiment showed that there were quite considerable welding residual stresses in the anchorage area. It also displayed that the ultrasonic impact was able to effectively decrease and even release the welding residual tensile stress. The ultrasonic impact was able to not only improve the adverse state of the welds stress but also make the distribution of the welds stress smoother. The ultrasonic impact is an effective and feasible method to decrease and eliminate welding residual stress and thereby improve the fatigue strength of welds for the steel bridge.
Behaviour of Silico Manganese Slag Manufactured Aggregate as Material for Road and Rail Track Construction
Authors: Patil Abhay Vinayakrao , Pande Anant Manohar
Published: June 2011

Silicon manganese is an essential alloy in the manufacture of steel which impart hardness & strength and performs as an oxidizing agent. Large amount of non bio-degradable slag is produced during the manufacture of alloy which was thought of being used http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sharpferro.com/images/hc-si-mn_small.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sharpferro.com/product_specification.htm&usg=__5lH3ImPsg0lfeC-iwnG5Jw4JUlU=&h=227&w=368&sz=28&hl=en&start=16&um=1&tbnid=7vllkL2PXo%20in the construction industry as aggregates in flexible and rigid pavements as well as Ballast for rail track construction. Use of SiMn slag requires detailed knowledge of its chemical, mineralogical, pozzolanic, volume expansion and strength properties in addition to reaction kinetics which plays an important role in the final valorization of slag as pozzolanic material. The paper discusses prominent experimental investigations on Silico Mangenese Slag as non-conventional or manufactured aggregate being investigated as Material for Road and Rail Track Construction. The tests were carried out to determine its suitability as an aggregate in various construction fields. Initially the index properties were found out for subsequent use in designing of concrete.
Investigations and Countermeasures Analysis of Rutting in Highway Asphalt Concrete Pavements
Authors: Fan Sheng Hai , Lin Ling
Published: June 2011

At present our country highway asphalt pavement in use is becoming more and more common, but early rutting damage serious impact on the road of normal use. Through the huaihai highway pavement rutting investigations, research and experiment analysis, combining domestic and foreign research achievements of rutting, it is concluded that the rutting formation causes and prevention measures.
Analysis of Stud Connector of Steel-Concrete Composite Structure
Authors: Liu Xiao Yu , Yang Jin Hui
Published: June 2011

The steel - concrete composite structure has many advantages in the field of reinforcement of bridge. But it is an important factor that whether the stud connector can make the components be firmly combined and make them work together. The research in this area has been not enough depth. The purpose of this study is to establish the design formula of stud in composite structure. Based on the conversion section theory, the strengthened part of composite structure is simplified into a kind of structure which is composed by only one kind of equivalent material and its physical property is similar to the original. In addition, the simplified model is gotten by mechanical analysis of the composite structures with steel plate and stud. Then through the application of elasticity theory method, the static equilibrium is carried out on the integrated structure and so the shear capacity in stud of connectors is gotten.
The Effect of Short-Term Aging on Rheological Properties of Asphalts
Authors: Ma Li Xing , Huang Jun Feng , Li Zhi Da
Published: June 2011

The effect of short-term aging on rheological properties of asphalts was studied. In this paper, asphalt was aged by rolling thin film oven, which was carried out for 300 minutes and were analyzed at an interval of 75 minutes. The paper gives a description of the most commonly used conventional tests, such as Penetration and Softening Point, and a more detailed description of the viscoelastic behavior and dynamic testing of asphalts by way of Brookfield viscometer and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). It is found that there are a decrease in penetration and an increase in softening point with aging. The viscosity of aged asphalts was observed to increase with time. The DSR results show that short-term aging significantly increases the complex modulus at low temperature, but complex modulus at high temperature was just lightly affected. The four tests results were also incorporated to evaluate the temperature susceptibility and the rheological characteristics of asphalt binders.
Mechanical Properties of Road Base with Roadbood EN-1
Authors: Zhang Zhi Quan , Jing Yan Lin
Published: June 2011

In order to offer theory base for the widely use of Roadbood EN-1 soil firming agent in road base, triaxial shearing tests are performed on road base consolidated with Roadbood EN-1 soil firming agent, cement and lime to analyze its mechanical properties. Stress-straining curve, peak strength, remnant strength, elastic modulus and shearing strength of road base consolidated with Roadbood EN-1 soil firming agent, cement and lime under different ambient pressures are measured through triaxial shearing test. The conclusions are peak strength, remnant strength and peak straining have straight line relationship with ambient pressure. Its destruction procedure can be explained with impairment. The stress-strain relation curve also indicated that Duncan-Chang Model could not be applied to road base consolidated with Roadbood EN-1 soil firming agent, cement and lime, while the modified Saenz Formula could be used to describe the stress-strain relation of it,and good agreement was obtained.
Dynamic Response Analysis for Two Typical Structures of Saturated Asphalt Pavements with 3D Finite Element Method
Authors: Ren Rui Bo , Geng Li Tao , Qi Wen Yang
Published: June 2011

The combined effect of moisture and dynamic loading on asphalt mixtures has been recognized as one of the main causes of premature deterioration of flexible pavements. Based on porous medium theory, the asphalt mixture is regard as saturated porous material, and a three-dimensional finite element model is established to investigate dynamic response of two typical asphalt pavement structures, which are the semi-rigid asphalt pavement and the semi-rigid asphalt pavement with flexible base course. Then the spatial and temporal distribution of stress, strain and pore fluid pressure of the two structures are calculated, respectively. Analysis results show the superiority of semi-rigid asphalt pavement structure with flexible base course to the semi-rigid asphalt pavement in aspect of moisture resistance capability.
3D Finite Element Analysis on DongQing CFRD
Authors: Sun Da Wei , Wang Kang Ping , Yao Hui Qin
Published: June 2011

As a competitive dam style and full of life-force, the concrete- faced rockfill dam (CFRD) is widely used in China in recent years. Experts in China pointed out that “Extra high CFRD generally means those CFRDs with their heights higher than 150 m ” However, the history of construction and design of extra high CFRD is short and some problems during the construction of Extra high CFRD is still need to be explored. Therefore, stress and deformation characteristic of DongQing extra high CFRD was analyzed by 3D finite element method and some beneficial reference was obtained. Firstly, the advanced 3D mesh generation procedure written by Fortran language was used to form the finite element mesh which contained not only the dam with large amount of vertical joins and perimeric joints, but also the rock foundation and surrounding mountains. Moreover, the layer by layer construction procedure of dam was detail considered during 3D mesh generation. Since the node number of 3D mesh is still larger, large scales equations solving method-element by element method and others efficient measures were adopted. As the results, the computer calculation time decreased from former 48 hours to 20 minutes. According to the calculation results, the design scheme of DongQing CFRD was finally optimized.
Study on Depositional Environment of Soil Based on Multi-Fractal Theory
Authors: Cai Jiang Dong , Yu Ding Ceng , Chen Ya Dong , You Qing
Published: June 2011

Fluvial action is the most universal erosion process in geological history. Rivers in the surface of the Earth had molded different kinds of geomorphic features and varied landforms; also they had great effect on the human beings. Evaluating the fluvial landforms correctly and objectively will help people to exploit the living space adequately and utilize natural environment reasonably. Moreover studying on the spatial distribution of the rivers in a local area will help people to understand the situation of the river at present and forecast the development of the river in the future. Fractal and multi- fractal theory is a new and developing subject in modern science; it is widely used in many fields of earth science. Static Cone Penetrate Test is an exploration technology which can obtain the physical indices of soil. A study had found that specific penetration resistances varied with the buried depth of the strata and the curves of test values have characteristics of fractal. In this paper, with the assistance of fractal and multi-fractal theory, we analyzed the simple dimension and multi-fractal properties of these curves. Results suggested that simple dimension as well as the multi-fractal spectrum can tell the difference between the soils deposited in distinct sedimentary environments.
Research on the Bearing Capacity for Rock Bolt Crane Girder in the Underground Powerhouse of Large Hydropower Station
Authors: Xie Jian Bin , He Tian Chun , Yao Ji , Zi Chen Bo
Published: June 2011

In this paper, according to the reality that there is no mature Chinese national design criterion but partial enterprise standard for rock bolt crane girder in the underground powerhouse of large hydropower station up to now. Based on the geological conditions, the rock bolt crane girder was designed by using method of rigid body equilibrium. The reinforced anchoring measures for rock bolt crane girder in undesirable geology were studied subsequently by the experience of analogous projects. The stability of rock bolt crane girder in underground powerhouse was analyzed and evaluated by Finite Element Method (FEM). Then the bearing capacity of crane beam was researched by means of bearing testing. The results show FEM is practicable to evaluate the stability of the rock bolt crane girder and to guide the rock bolt crane girder designing. The results also show the reinforced anchoring measures are appropriate to displace the undesirable surrounding rock section by using concrete. The results of bearing testing show that the design of rock bolt crane girder and its anchoring measures are rational, and crane girder can meet to the requirement of safe operation.
Study on Restoration of Influence of the Waterway Landscape Ecology Due to the Water Conservancy Projects
Authors: Yu Guo Rong , Yang Ju Rui , Wang Jun
Published: June 2011

The structure, processes and dimension of the river corridor landscape ecology supplement each other, which will be influenced by the water conservancy projects and result in the destruction of river ecological system. Together with the approach of ecological runoff, RVE will be sued in evaluating the protection of water conservancy projects to the ecology by controlling the flow. Make the Yangzi River as an example of evaluation and establish a management model of river ecology not only to provide ecological basis for controlling the flow in Sanxia Reservoir but also adjust the model according to the latest ecological conservation and research result.
Assimilating Observation Data into Hydrological Model with Ensemble Kalman Filter
Authors: Xiong Jun , Huang Xiao Lan , Cao Zeng Yan
Published: June 2011

The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is employed to simulate of streamflow of a slope sub-catchment during the rainfall infiltration process. With this method the whole process is treated as a dynamic stochastic system, and its streamflow is taken as the variable to describe the state of system. Furthermore, it is coupled with a hydrology model to cope with system uncertainty. Thus, the dynamical estimation of hydrological parameters is performed; the model variables and their uncertainty are obtained simultaneously. Numerical examples show that this strategy can effectively deal with observation noises and can provide the inversion results and the posteriori distribution of the priori information together. Compared with the conventional optimization algorithm, the new strategy combined with EnKF shows better character of real time response and model reliability.
Analysis on Turbulent Debris Flow’s Movement Energy in Circulation Area
Authors: Liu Li , Wei Qing Hua
Published: June 2011

The gully shapes of Debris flow are generally classified into formation area, circulation area and accumulation area, these three sections . That wide formation region, narrow circulation area and wide, slow deposition area is the typical geomorphology of fluctuant type gully erosion and deposition Debris flow.The key area of the debris flow’s movement and development is the circulation area. Based on analysis the turbulent debris flow’s moving characteristic in circulation area with the solid-liquid two-phase flow’s standpoint, energy equation and the formulation of impact force for the block structure of turbulent debris flow in circulation area are deduced. It affords important idea for the further investigation about the debris flow’s protection engineering, but some parameter in the formulation need fit from the model examination.
Optimization Study of Advance Support in the Roadway of Paste Filling Working Face
Authors: Chen Shao Jie , Guo Wei Jia , Wang Hai Long , Li Bo
Published: June 2011

On the basis of the field measurement, the characteristics of advance strata behavior are analyzed in the past filling working face and the advance support method is optimized in the roadway. The practical measure researches show that, because the paste filling supports the overlying strata of the goaf availably, the strata behaviors of 2351 paste filling working face in Daizhuang coalmine are not obvious; And the protective pillar bears a little load, The strata behaviors in non-production side are smaller than that in production side. The overlying strata gravity mainly acts on the coal wall in front of the face and the paste filling in the goaf. The value and main influence range of advance stress in front of the face is quite small and the main influence range is less than 15m. According to the advance strata behavior characteristics of the paste filling working face, the advance support of the track roadway is changed from 3 rows to 2 rows. And the support length of each row reduces from 20m to 15m. The advance support after optimizing can reduce the labor intensity greatly and improve the working efficiency of backfill mining.
Application of Ground Freezing Method in Underground Construction
Authors: Zhang Wei Ya , Wei Jun
Published: June 2011

The goal of this paper is instructing the freezing construction scheme of alluvium of wind well in a mine. Through making scheme, designing cooling system and in-situ measuring frozen wall, succeed experiences of passing the expanded clay seam smoothly were achieved. It is hoped that the practical experiences will be reference to constructing mine in the analogous ground.
A Simplified Design Method on Steel Beam Strengthened with CFRP
Authors: Hu Qiang , Jia Song Lin , Chen Jin Biao , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2011

This paper explores the issue how to improve utilization ratio of CFRP strengthening steel structure in allusion to the diseconomy of steel structure strengthened with CFRP. An experiment including six single axisymmetric steel beams was carried out to study ultimate capacity of single axisymmetric steel beam strengthened with CFRP sheets. These samples were divided into three groups, and each group included two samples strengthened with one and two layers of CFRP sheets respectively. The experimental results show that single axisymmetric steel beam strengthened with CFRP is advantageous over biaxial symmetrical steel beam because the former has superior material utilization ratio. On the basis of the experimental results, a simplified analytical model is put forward for prediction of capacity and material utilization ratio. In the proposed approach, ultimate capacity formula is established and an index named material utilization ratio is suggested to study how to enhance CFRP utilization ratio. The analytical calculation results state clearly that steel beam strengthened with enough CFRP is favorable in improving capacity and material utilization and owns optimal utilization ratio. Above all, the proposed approach is convenient and accurate enough for practical application in material utilization assessmetn and capacity design.
A Model of Construction Quality Intelligent Control for Large-Scale Complex Project
Authors: Lv Wei Xing , Shi Hai Jun
Published: June 2011

This paper analyzes the characteristics of the construction quality control in large-scale complex Projects ( LCP) and points out the deficiencies of the traditional quality control in the general quality control in LCP. To meet the demand of good general quality control in LCP, based on the technique of Hierarchical Intelligent Control(HIC), a Quality Intelligent Control Model(QICM), was founded in the paper, which gives the quantity control index value K and the quantity standard value H in the stability of QICM by using entropy function evaluation methodology and solves the problems existing in LCP that general construction quality could hardly be described in quantity, and consequently offers the new ways of quality control in LCP.
Design-Oriented Construction Management Model for Large Gymnasium and Stadium Projects
Authors: Geng Bao Quan
Published: June 2011

To solve the issue of design being decoupled from construction that is common for large gymnasium and stadium projects, this paper proposes a design-oriented construction management model (DOC) for EPC packages, on the theory of dynamic alliance. It allows these projects to be constructed as designed by means of dynamic alliance so as to ensure that design is consistent with construction.
Theoretical and Practical Risk Assessment Method in Tunneling
Authors: Evbuomwan Precious Omosede , Yu De Ming
Published: June 2011

The construction industry has experienced a great deal of development over the years by both developed and developing countries. Tunnel construction is one of such aspects which have over the year developed in its methods of construction. Research, however has shown that methods of tunnel construction are becoming more complex and the risk associated to it is increasing, therefore, the need for the application of risk assessment to prevent accidents in tunnel construction exists. This paper aims at highlighting some of the risk in tunnel construction and the theoretical and practical method of risk assessment that can be used to minimize these tunnel risks.
Large-Scale Group Company Strategic Management of Project Informatization
Authors: Xie Fu Hai , Gao Quan Chen , Zhang Hui
Published: June 2011

In order to further reinforce the basic management, promote the scientific development of enterprises and enhance the project management in a systematic efforts way, we carried out the information system construction of the enterprise, build and integrate new operating platform and the implementation of the existing system of decision-making system, to enhance the quality of enterprise operation process. The core competitive power strengthens a company continuously simultaneously with a change in the system corporate management and communication, through the full implementation of the "responsibility for cost control center", advance system project management. What is to optimize the Group's corporate governance process and promote the scientific development of operating control type of enterprise construction.
The Minimum Longitudinal Horizontal Linear-Stiffness of Piers of Typical High-Speed Railway’s Layout of Turnout and Bridge
Authors: Liu Zhe , Ping Wang
Published: June 2011

The values of longitudinal horizontal linear-stiffness of piers are very important parameters in the design of welded turnout on bridge and they can have a great impact on the force and displacement of the turnout. The layout form of turnout and bridge of welded turnout structure system on high-speed railway bridges are various, so the values of longitudinal horizontal linear-stiffness of piers have to be limited in order to insure the strength and stability of track structure on bridges and at the same time meet the requirement of comparative displacement of beam and rail, turnout proper and frog. To make the value-taking easy in the design process, a finite element model for welded turnout-bridge-platform is established in this paper, which is based on the principle of longitudinal interaction of welded turnout on bridges. Directing at three typical layout forms (No.18 single turnout+4×32m continuous beam, single crossover+6×32m continuous beam and typical throat point+4×32m continuous beam) of welded turnout and bridge on ballast track, a research of the relation between the force and displacement of turnout, and the values of longitudinal horizontal linear-stiffness of piers has been carried out. Based on the comprehensive analysis, minimal values of longitudinal horizontal linear-stiffness of piers which are suitable for these three kinds of layout forms, and the values are 1000,800 and 1600 kN/cm·double-line respectively.
Analysis of Excavation Monitoring for the Fu-Qing Road Station in Ningbo Urban Rail Transit
Authors: Ye Rong Hua , Liu Gan Bin , Ye Jun Neng
Published: June 2011

The foundation pit of Fuqing road station is the first one to be excavated in Ningbo urban rail transit project. To ensure the safety of the foundation pit, a detailed monitoring scheme is established according to the engineering geological condition and design scheme of foundation pit. Due to Ningbo city is located in the classical soft clay area, there may occur pre-warning and dangerous condition during the excavation. Therefore, reinforcement of structure and soil is executed from the aspects of designing, construction, supervision and monitoring. At last, the deformation of foundation pit is controlled and the construction safety is ascertained. Furthermore, the information construction is adopted during the excavation and many data are obtained during the process of monitoring, the displacement of diaphragm wall, ground settlement and axial force of the support are analyzed. In addition, the control measures are presented and can provide reference to the future construction of the other stations.
Study on the Coordination between Urban Rail Transit and Bus
Authors: Wang Yu Ping , Ma Chao Qun
Published: June 2011

To take full advantage of urban rail transit (URT), it needs the cooperation of bus from capacity, station spacing, network, and hub. The compute method to match transport capacity was brought forward. In addition, based on minimal traveling time, the optimum station spacing between bus and URT was determined. And the guiding principles are formulated for the restructuring and optimization of the networking system for public buses and URT. Finally, hubs between URT and bus were classed three sub-grades, and their layout was planned, and the design method of transfer channels method was proposed.
On the Public Private Partnership Financing Strategies of Urban Rail Transit
Authors: Chen Jian Xiao , Fang Jing
Published: June 2011

Introduction and innovation of PPP mode can attract more private capital to involve urban rail transit construction and enhance overall operating efficiency of URT. Based on analyzing the characters of URT PPP, through summarizing the PPP categories in application, this paper classifies the URT PPP practical approaches into four broad strategies, and provides a framework and some suggestions for assessing and managing risks associated with various URT PPP strategies.
The Research on the Alignment Continuity of the Prairie Highway Based on Possible Speed
Authors: Li Xiang Hong , Zhu Shou Lin , Sun Yan Bing
Published: June 2011

Continuous Highway design can ensure driver to travel at speeds which they expect along the highway alignment Evaluation of alignment continuity based on possible speed can ensure quality of alignment design and traffic accidents down. This paper counts alignment characteristics of prairie highway by field investigation and verification of relevant information. The actual driving test experimental results on typical prairie highway sections show that: prairie highway alignment continuity is good.
Virtual Assembly of Equipment in Large Steel Structure
Authors: Zuo Guang Zhou , Zhang Qing , Liu Ming
Published: June 2011

The equipment assembled in large steel structure is particular and complex, which must be assembled with a special process plan. Virtual assembly technology provides a feasible idea for equipment assembly. Assembly path planning is the key technology of Virtual assembly. We propose a method of assembly path planning based on the analysis of basic workflow in assembly path planning. Using our algorithm to assemble the equipment find encountered far fewer problems than previous.
Ultimate Bearing Capacity Analysis of Schwedler Suspendome
Authors: Li Feng , Min Xiang Bing
Published: June 2011

Prestress suspendome structure is a new two-double space structure system, which is composed of single-layer spherical reticulated shells and cable-strut tensile structure, and taking full advantages of two systems. Compared to single-layer shells, stiffness and stability are improved effectively. Compared to cable dome, designing, constructing and joint treatments are simplified much more easily. In this paper, taking geometrical nonlinearity and material nonlinearity into account, the stable ultimate bearing capacity of Schwedler suspendome was analyzed theoretically by employing a nonlinear finite element method. Structural parameters of the suspendome, such as prestresses of cables, heights of struts, rise-span ratio and cable layout, which influence the structural stable ultimate load-carrying capacity, having been analyzed by employing the two-double computational mode of Schwedler suspendome of 40m span. Some valuable and reasonable conclusions are drawn for practical engineering design by theoretically analysis.
Degradation of Sulfa Pharmaceuticals in Aquatic Environment by O3 and UV/TiO2 Processes
Authors: Chuang Li Chin , Luo Chin Hsiang , Huang Sing Wei , Lin Chun Ju
Published: June 2011

The removal efficiencies of sulfamerazine (SMR) and sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMP) in aqueous solutions were studied using advanced oxidation technologies. The results show similar removal kinetics for two sulfa pharmaceuticals and that complete removal of all is achieved within 90 min of ozonation at the concentration of O3 (1 mgL-1) without controlling the pH. The rate constants were calculated as 0.0143 and 0.0113 min-1 for SMR and SMP, respectively. The catalysts exhibited a superior removal efficiency of SMP to those of SMR with a TiO2 concentration of 2.0 gL-1. The disappearance of these two sulfa pharmaceuticals follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model. The rate constants were calculated as 5 × 10-3 and 6 × 10-4 min-1 for SMR and SMP, respectively. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as O3 and UV/TiO2 processes should be an effective treatment for removing these sulfa pharmaceuticals.
Structural Damage Identification Based on Hilbert-Huang Transform and Verification via Shaking Table Model Test
Authors: Han Jian Ping , Qian Jiong , Zheng Pei Juan
Published: June 2011

Damage occurs in components and joints while the structure is affected by strong ground motions. Dynamic characteristics of the structure will change with the deterioration of strength and stiffness. Analyzing and processing the vibration signals is one of the mainstream ways for structural health monitoring and damage identification. In this paper, Hilbert-Huang transform is adopted to identify structural damage. Time-varying instantaneous frequency and instantaneous energy is used to identify the damage evolution of the structure. And relative amplitude of Hilbert marginal spectrum is used to identify the damage location of the structure. Finally, the acceleration records at gauge points from the shaking table test of a 12-storey reinforced concrete frame model are processed. Evolution and location of the model damage are identified. Identification results agree well with experimental observation. This indicates that the proposed approach is capable to identify damage of the structure.
Multiphysics for Early Stage Cement Hydration: Theoretical Framework
Authors: Liu Zhen , Zhang Bin , Yu Xiong Bill
Published: June 2011

The chemical hydration involves complex multiphysical processes including mass and energy transfer, chemical reactions and consequently stress development and shrinkage. This paper proposed a multiphysics numerical model to predict the kinetics cement paste. The chemical reaction theory, heat transfer theory, diffusion theory, and continuum mechanics were coupled in the theoretical model. A comprehensive theoretical model is established with partial different equation system, auxiliary functions, and typical boundary conditions.
Innovative Sensor and Analyses for Investigating the Effects of Freeze-Thaw on Soil
Authors: Liu Zhen , Yu Xin Bao , Gonzalez Javanni , Yu Xiong Bill
Published: June 2011

Freeze-thaw is a major source of damages for infrastructures located in cold regions. Investigating the effects of freeze-thaw on soil mechanical and thermal properties is important for the design and maintenance of infrastructures such as pavements and pipelines. Most existing research investigates soil behaviors in complete freeze or complete thaw conditions. Tools to assist the determination of freeze-thaw status are currently lacking. In this paper, we introduced the design of an innovative guided electromagnetic wave sensor called Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) that can non-destructively monitoring the freeze-thaw process in standard specimens of soil and concrete. An analysis algorithm is developed to interpret TDR signals. Compared with the existing technologies, the new method not only accurately determines the various stages in the freezing and thawing processes, but also the degree of freeze-thaw status. This analyses algorithm is also independent of soil types and thus can be widely applied. Experiments were conducted on typical types of soils to validate the sensor performance. With the aid of this new sensor, the effects of the degree of freeze-thaw on soil mechanical properties (such as the modulus, strength and volume change) are determined. The success of our preliminary study indicates the innovative sensor and analyses we developed can be a useful tool for investigating the fundamentals of freeze-thaw effects on geomaterials.
Durability and Microstructure of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Having High Volume of Steel Slag Powder and Ultra-Fine Fly Ash
Authors: Peng Yan Zhou , Chen Kai , Hu Shu Guang
Published: June 2011

The durability, such as chloride ion permeability, freeze-thaw and sulfate attack resistance of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) having a large amount, ranged from 42% to 48% by weight of binder, of mineral admixtures including steel slag powder (SS), ultrafine fly ash (UFFA) and silica fume (SF) was studied and the microstructure of selected UHPC compositions was investigated by Mercury porosimetry in this paper. Moreover, the relationship between durability and microstructure of UHPC was analyzed. The mercury porosimetry studies demonstrated the very low porosity and a high proportion of the innocuous pores as well as the very small pore size in UHPCs, whose most probable pore diameter did not exceed 10 nm. This porous structure of UHPCs would definitely enable the material have excellent durability.
Compression Performance of Non-Dispersible Concrete Columns
Authors: Zhong Wei Qiu , Sun Guo , Xie Li Yuan , Ma Ye
Published: June 2011

A large number of non-dispersible underwater concrete materials will be extensively used in works which span over rivers and sea, so it is important to study the performance of non-dispersible under water concrete structures. Non-dispersible underwater concrete is the concrete mixing with special additives-anti-washout admixture, which is a kind of water-soluble polymers with long-chain structure and strong absorption capacity. In the present paper, the axial and eccentric compression performance of non-dispersible underwater concrete columns were experimentally investigated. The failure modes and loading capacity of the columns of non-dispersible underwater concrete were mainly discussed. The experimental results showed that the compression performance of non-dispersible underwater reinforced concrete columns and the common reinforced ones are similar in some aspects.
The Safety Monitoring System of Ship/Bridge Crash Testing Laboratory
Authors: Ai Run , Lei Mu Xi , Lei Zheng Bao , Ou Bi Feng
Published: June 2011

In order to ensure the safety of the staff and the property of our laboratory, and guarantee the ship/bridge crash test conducted safely and smoothly, we adopt the safety monitoring system to supervise the whole ship/bridge crash testing laboratory and to be early warning, under the background of special application of ship/bridge crash testing laboratory. According to the actual site of crash testing laboratory, we choose the most suitable technology and operating principle to satisfy the request of ship/bridge crash testing laboratory. At the case that we do not need to increase the number of camera excessively, we can achieve the maximum coverage of the field of view by choosing the multi-function camera and designing the layout of it, and we will take advantage of the broadcasting alarm system to reach the purpose of keeping the safety of our laboratory. The results of actual application show that the staffs in the monitoring room can take the whole laboratory under their controls if we make use of this kind of safety monitoring system of ship/bridge crash testing laboratory, and we can fully protect the safety of the staff and the property of our laboratory. For the pretty good stableness and capacity of resisting disturbance, the system can greatly satisfy the request of keeping safety and early alarm.
P-∆ Effects in Steel Structures Using Yield Point Spectra
Authors: Naji Arash , Irani Fereidoon
Published: June 2011

Yield Point Spectra (YPS) are used to indicate the influence of P-∆ effects on the lateral strengths of structures with constant ductility demands. The intensity of P-∆ effects is represented by an index, called the effective height, heff. Both the yield displacement and the effective height are stable parameters, even when the structure shows nonlinear behavior. The strength ratio, n, is defined as the ratio of lateral strength associated with P-∆ effect at the peak displacement and the total strength developed at the peak displacement response. In this paper by Ploting strength ratio(n) vs. yield displacement , the influence of P-∆ effects has been verified.
The Research of the Realization of Strong Column and Weak Beam Mechanism of Reinforced Concrete Beam Considering the Slab Width
Authors: Zhou Ying , Zhang Cui Qiang , Zhou De Yuan , Li Zhuo Ying
Published: June 2011

This paper gets the column-end moment amplification factors of the concrete frame in the seismic zones of intensity seven and eight, by using the software CANNY and the method of pushover. The results show that when considering the casting slab, the reinforced concrete frame can develop a strong column and weak beam yielding mechanism when the column moment amplification factor adopts 1.4 for seven intensity area and 1.2 for eight intensity zone, preventing the development of collapse.
The Calculation of the Thickness for Uniform Corrosion and Localized Corrosion in Steel Corrosion
Authors: Kong Zheng Yi , Xu Shan Hua , Chen Yu Sheng
Published: June 2011

Because of the complexity of corrosion, the law of uniform corrosion and localized corrosion is still not clear,so it is difficult to assess their impact on the structure safety. In order to differ them and find their own law, we obtain a lot of corrosion specimens by ways of constant temperature and humidity, and then detect the size of corrosion pits by roughness tester. After that, the method for calculating the thickness of uniform corrosion and localized corrosion is proposed. Then the method is used to analyze the experiment data. The result indicates the thickness of uniform corrosion and localized corrosion all increase with the rate of corrosion, and they all show a power relationship with corrosion rate, so it will provide a basis for distinguishing them in safety assessment.
Mechanical Behavior of Hollow Steel-Concrete Composite Columns with Perforated Ribs
Authors: Zeng Yao , Wu Chong
Published: June 2011

Two different specimens of hollow composite columns with perforated ribs, one is the column with double steel skin and the other is with single steel skin, were designed for imposing axial compression test. The tests indicated that both of the columns have a good bearing capacity and the column with double steel skin has a comparatively better bearing capacity than the one with single steel skin. Then comparisons between tests and finite element analysis (FEA) were preceded, which showed that not only the load-displacement relationship of the columns, but also a reasonable failure mode can be simulated by the finite element analysis.
Study on Mechanical Mode of Frame Column Underpinning Joint
Authors: Du Ai Hua , Zhang Xin
Published: June 2011

An orthogonal experiment of sixteen frame column underpinning joints was introduced, experiment was designed by a normal table of “five-factor and four-level”, five factors referred to ratio of shear-span of moving beam, ratio of underpinning beam stirrup steel bar, underpinning beam longitudinal steel bar parameter, concrete strength, and planted reinforcement, in addition every factor had four experiment datum. Then, the underpinning joint stress mechanism and failure mode was determined, based on the experiment the conclusion was drawn that the ratio of shear-span of moving beam was the key factor to the joint failure mode; and the failure course was divided two stages which were before and after interface punching slip by theoretical analysis, for the phase before interface punching slip a space and plane “tension-bar-arch” mechanical model was presented for the underpinning joint, then mechanic analysis was put into the models, and two series theoretical calculation correlations for this underpinning joint were obtained, by comparison with the test result one model and one formula was choose, this theoretical results were agreement with experiments results.
Analysis on the Effect of Filler Wall to the Dynamic Characteristics and Storey Displacement of RC Frame Structure
Authors: Ye Yan Xia , Huang Hua , Li Dong Wei
Published: June 2011

Comparative analyses of twenty-eight finite element structures with filler walls were established to study dynamic characteristics of RC frame structures under seismic waves. The results of these analyses show that filler walls have little influence on vibration modes of the structure. But as a result of soft storey in the bottom of building caused by reduction of the filler walls, vibration modes have a great influence. As the stiffness of filler wall decrease, the stiffness of soft storey decrease shapely, vibration mode curve becomes much smoother. Considering the filler wall has influence on the vibration periods of framework, the reduction factor of 0.7 should be taken. The influence of filler wall to the value of lateral drift and storey displacement angle of frame can not be ignored. The main effect factors to the dynamic characteristics of framework are included quantity, location, material of the fill wall and the selection of seismic waves.