bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de İşgücü Piyasasının Dışında Kalan Kesim Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: AKBULUT Nesrin
Published: December 2023

Öz: Türkiye’de aktif nüfusun yaklaşık yarısı işgücü piyasasının dışında bulunmakta ve bunların büyük bölümü kadınlardan oluşmaktadır. Bu durum, literatürde yapılan çalışmaların genellikle kadınların işgücüne katılımına odaklanmasına, işgücünün dışındakilerin ise göz ardı edilmesine neden olmuştur. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada, 2005-2022 döneminde Türkiye’de nedenlerine göre işgücünün dışındakilerin durumu betimsel olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Covid-19 salgınının Türkiye ve bazı AB ülkelerde işgücünün dışındaki kesim üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konmuştur. İncelemeler sonucunda genellikle işgücü sayısındaki artışla birlikte işgücünün dışında bulunanların sayısının da arttığı gözlenmiştir. Demografik olarak ev işeriyle uğraşanların tamamının kadınlar olduğu, başlangıç dönemlerinde eğitim altındakilerin çoğunlukla erkeklerden sonraki yıllarda ise kadınlardan oluştuğu, emeklilerin ise genellikle erkekler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaşa göre, ev işleriyle uğraşanların daha çok 40-59; eğitim altındakilerin çoğunlukla 15-24 yaş aralığında olduğu ve son yıllarda ileri yaşlardakilerin de eğitime katıldığı gözlenmiştir. Emeklilerde 40-59 yaş aralığındaki emekli sayısının genellikle azalarak yoğunluğun 60 yaş üzerine kaydığı görülmüştür. Eğitim düzeyi dikkate alındığında, ev işleriyle uğraşanların büyük oranda lise altı eğitimlilerden oluştuğu, ayrıca ev işleriyle meşgul yükseköğretim düzeyindeki bireylerin sayısının arttığı dikkat çekmektedir. Salgının etkisi açısından ise en yüksek oran Türkiye’de olmakla birlikte tüm ülkelerde işgücünün dışına çıkanların sayısının arttığı; salgından sonra AB ülkelerinde işgücünün dışına çıkanların neredeyse tamamının, Türkiye’de ise sadece %42’sinin işgücüne geri döndüğü belirlenmiştir
OECD Ülkelerinde Ekonomik Büyüme ve Demokrasi İlişkisi: Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: YAĞIŞ Onur
Published: December 2023

Ülkeler için ekonomik büyüme kavramı hayati bir öneme sahiptir. Bir ülkenin ekonomik yapısı o ülkenin gelişmişliğiyle ilgili bilgi edinilmesini sağlamaktadır. Ülkelerin gelişmişlik seviyeleri belirlenirken ekonomik yapının haricinde çeşitli sosyo-kültürel, coğrafi ve demografik etmenlerde araştırılır. Ekonomik büyüme ve demokrasi kavramları da ülkelerin gelişmişlik seviyesini etkileyen unsurlardır. Demokratik bir şekilde oluşturulan etkili kurumsal yapı, politik haklar, sivil ve ekonomik serbestlikler ekonomik büyümenin sağlanmasında önem arz etmektedir. Ekonomik büyümenin hız kazanması sonucunda demokrasinin etkili bir rolü olduğu gibi, demokrasi seviyesinin artmasında ekonomik büyümenin de ayrı bir önemi bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekonomik büyümenin demokrasi üzerindeki etkilerini OECD üyesi ülkeler için dinamik panel veri analizi yöntemiyle incelemektir. Çalışma kapsamında OECD üyesi ülkeler ele alınarak 2006-2020 dönemleri için dinamik panel veri analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Analiz kapsamında, Genelleştirilmiş Momentler Metodu (GMM), GMM robust(dirençli hata) ve sistem GMM robust (dirençli hata) tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, ekonomik büyüme, dış ticaret ve finansal gelişmenin demokrasi üzerinde istatistiksel olarak pozitif etki yarattığına ulaşılmıştır.
Çeşitlilik Yönetiminin Örgütsel Bağlılık ile İlişkisinin Hizmet Sektöründe İncelenmesi
Authors: KARTALKAYA Koray , ORBAY İÇAÇAN Nilay
Published: December 2023

Çeşitlilik yönetimi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde, çalışmaların olumlu etkileri ve olumsuz etkileri olarak iki kanaldan ilerlediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çeşitlilik yönetimi uygulaması ile çalışan bireyin örgütsel bağlıkla ilişkisini ölçmek ve alt kademe, orta kademe ve üst kademe farklılıkları ile eğitim düzeyinin çeşitlilik yönetimi ile örgütsel bağlılık üzerinde bir fark yaratıp yaratmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda hizmet sektörü olarak Bursa, İstanbul ve Muğla illerinde faaliyet gösteren üç otelin alt kademe, orta kademe ve üst kademe çalışanlarından veri toplanmıştır. Anketler online şekilde yapılmış ve 155 kişiden geri dönüş alınmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucu; çeşitlilik yönetimi uygulaması ile çalışan bireyin örgütsel bağlılığı üzerinde pozitif yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kademe (alt, orta, üst) farklılıklarının çeşitlilik yönetimi ile örgütsel bağlılık üzerinde anlamlı bir fark yaratmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Eğitim düzeyindeki farklılıklar çeşitlilik yönetimi ile anlamlı bir fark yaratmazken, örgütsel bağlılığın alt boyutlarından olan devam bağlılığı ile normatif bağlılık alt boyutu üzerinde anlamlı bir fark yarattığı tespit edilmiştir.
Vulnerability of Stock Markets to Earthquakes / The 7.7 and 7.6 Scale Earthquakes in Turkey in 2023: Sectors of Non-Metallic Mineral Products, Basic Metals and Construction & Infrastructure
Authors: HAMURCU Cagri
Published: December 2023

This study aims to reveal whether stock markets are vulnerable to the effects of earthquakes and how they are affected by earthquakes. The 7.7 and 7.6 magnitude earthquakes in Turkey in February 2023 were explored. The impact of the earthquake on Borsa Istanbul was analyzed with the event study method, specific to non-metallic mineral products, basic metals, and construction & infrastructure sectors. Firstly, the paired-samples T-Test and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test were used to evaluate whether there was a difference that was statistically significant in the cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) of the sector-specific indexes in the 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 hour time periods prior to and following the earthquake first occurred. The first results indicate that for all evaluated time intervals, the first occurred earthquake had positive effects on the CARs of the non-metallic mineral products and base metals sector indices and negative effects on the construction & infrastructure sector indices. Secondly, the effects of both the first and second earthquakes were analyzed with the Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR) Model. According to the SUR Model analysis, the direction of the effects of the first earthquake is consistent with the first findings. In this model, the direction of the effects of the second earthquake is also compatible with the direction of the effects of the first earthquake, but the size and trend of the consequences of these earthquakes change over time. The findings are expected to contribute to the literature by shedding light on how sectors can respond to catastrophes like earthquakes occurrences at the micro level.
Bankacılık Sektöründe Kurumsal Yönetim Özelliklerinin Finansal Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: Gelişmiş Ülkeler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: HOKKA Cengiz , BİBER Ahmet Emre
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma, kurumsal yönetim özelliklerinin bankaların finansal performansı üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 7 gelişmiş ülkeden toplam 71 ticari banka örneklem kapsamına alınmış ve çalışmanın analiz kısmında bu bankaların 2011-2021 dönemine ait kurumsal yönetim ve finansal verileri kullanılmıştır. Kurumsal yönetim değişkeni olarak, yönetim kurulu büyüklüğü, kurumsal yönetim ve denetim komitelerinin varlığı, kadın yönetici oranı, icracı olmayan yönetici oranı, bağımsız yönetici oranı ve liderlik yapısı değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Bankaların performansı ise aktif karlılığı (ROA) ve özkaynak karlılığı (ROE) ile ölçülmüştür. Kurumsal yönetim değişkenlerinin bankaların performansı üzerindeki etkisi çok boyutlu panel veri modelleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizden elde edilen bulgulardan, yönetim kurulu büyüklüğü ile banka performansı arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Yönetim kurulunda kurumsal yönetim komitesinin bulunmasının ve icracı olmayan yönetici oranının artmasının ise banka performansını artırdığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, genel müdür ve yönetim kurulu başkanının aynı kişi olması durumu ile ROA arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu, yönetim kurulunda kadın yönetici oranının artmasının ise ROE açısından banka performansını artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
Borsa İstanbul Yatırımcısı Açısından “Mayıs’ta Sat ve Git” Stratejisinin Geçerliliğinin İncelenmesi
Authors: EVCİ Samet , SAMIRKAŞ Mustafa Can
Published: December 2023

Etkin Piyasalar Hipotezi, varlık fiyatlarının mevcut tüm bilgiyi yansıttığını ve fiyatların rassal olarak değiştiğini savunmaktadır. Bu durum, geçmiş fiyatlardan hareketle gelecek fiyat hareketlerinin tahmin edilemeyeceğini ifade etmektedir. Fakat takvim anomalilerin varlığı piyasaların etin olmadığının göstergesidir Takvim anomalileri, varlık getirilerinin belirli zamanlarda ya da dönemlerde ortalamanın üstünde ya da altında olabileceğini ifade etmektedir. “Mayıs’ta sat ve git” veya “Cadılar Bayramı” Etkisi olarak bilinen Mayıs ayı anomalisi de pay piyasası getirilerinin, Mayıs-Ekim dönemine kıyasla Kasım-Nisan döneminden daha yüksek olduğunu öne süren sezonsal bir anomalidir. Bu çalışma, Mayıs ayı anomalisinin Borsa İstanbul (BİST) Pay piyasasında geçerliliğini BİST100, BİST Tüm, BİST Sınai, BİST Ticaret, BİST Hizmet endekslerinin Ocak 1998-Aralık 2022 dönemlerine ilişkin aylık kapanış değerleri üzerinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Endeks serilerinde Mayıs ayı anomalisi Bouman ve Jacobsen (2002) çalışmasında kullanılan doğrusal regresyon modeli üzerinden analiz edilmektedir. Çalışma bulguları, tüm endekslerde %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde Mayıs ayı etkisinin olmadığını yani iki dönem arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir getiri farkının bulunmadığını ifade etmektedir.
Yapısal Kırılmalar Dahilinde Tarımsal Ürün İhracatı ile İktisadi Büyüme İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: ERDİNÇ Zeynep , AYDINBAŞ Gökçen
Published: December 2023

Tarımsal ürün ihracatı, Türkiye açısından iktisadi büyüme için önemli bir faktördür. Türkiye, tarımsal ürünlerde dünyanın önde gelen üretici ve ihracatçı ülkelerinden biridir. Tarımsal ürün ihracatı, Türkiye’nin dış ticaret dengesine olumlu katkı sağlamaktadır. Tarımsal ürün ihracatı, döviz girdisini artırarak ülkenin döviz rezervlerini ve ödemeler dengesini güçlendirebilmektedir. Bir başka deyişle tarımda gerçekleşen ihracat, Türkiye’nin uluslararası ticaret dengesine ve döviz kazançlarına ciddi katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu durum ise Türkiye’nin uluslararası ekonomik ilişkilerinde daha sağlam bir konuma gelmesini sağlayabilmektedir. Nitekim tarımsal ürün ihracatı, tarım sektörünün dış pazara açılımı ve iktisadi büyümeyi desteklemesi bağlamında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada amaç, Türkiye için 1990-2020 dönemi yıllık verilerle yapısal kırılmalı zaman serisi analiz yöntemi kullanılarak tarımsal ürün ihracatının iktisadi büyüme ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Ekonometrik analizde öncelikle, ADF, PP, KPSS ve Zivot-Andrews (ZA) birim-kök testi sonuçlarına göre seriler birinci fark alındığında durağanlaşmıştır. Gregory ve Hansen (1996) eş-bütünleşme testi sonuçlarına dayanarak ise seriler arasında eş-bütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı kanıtlanmıştır. Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi sonuçlarına bakıldığında, ilgili dönem aralığı için Türkiye’de tarımsal ürün ihracatı ile kişi başına gelir arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmuştur.
Eşik Hipotezinin Geçerliliği: Kırılgan Beşli İçin Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: SARIÖZ GÖKTEN Yeliz , KOÇAK Esra
Published: December 2023

Ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyinin belirlenmesinde ve iktisadi performanslarının değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan iktisadi büyümenin refah göstergesi olarak kabul edilmesine yönelik pek çok eleştiri mevcuttur. Bu eleştirilerden biri Max-Neef’e aittir. Max-Neef, büyüme ve toplumsal refah arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesine yönelik olarak Eşik Hipotezini ortaya koymuştur. Buna göre bir ülkede iktisadi büyümenin belli bir eşiğe kadar yaşam kalitesinde bir iyileşme sağladığı, ancak eşik düzeyinin aşılmasından sonra iktisadi büyümedeki artışın yaşam kalitesi üzerinde bozucu etkiye sahip olabileceği ileri sürülmektedir Bu çalışmada Kırılgan Beşli olarak adlandırılan Brezilya, Türkiye, Endonezya, Hindistan ve Güney Afrika’da 1990-2022 yılları için Eşik Hipotezinin geçerliliği test edilmiştir. Analizde bağımlı değişken olarak diğer gelişmişlik endekslerine kıyasla daha kapsamlı olmasından dolayı Sosyal Gelişmişlik Endeksi (SPI) tercih edilirken, bağımsız değişken olarak GSYH, GSYH2 ve GSYH3 kullanılmış böylece değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Yapılan analizde belli bir düzeye kadar SPI ve GSYH’nin birlikte arttığı ancak bir eşikten sonra GSYH artarken SPI’nin düştüğü sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Buradan hareketle Kırılgan Beşli ülkeleri için Eşik Hipotezinin geçerli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Yeşil Siyasal Düşüncenin Özgül Temaları Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Erol
Published: December 2023

Çevre sorunlarıyla mücadele ve ekolojik krizin çözümü hususunda yürütülen siyasal ekoloji tartışmalarının temel eksenlerinden birini yeşil siyasal düşünce oluşturmaktadır. Yeşil siyasal düşünce, yeşil siyaset ya da ekolojizm, gittikçe derinleşen ekolojik krize yönelik küresel kaygının ideolojik yansımalarından biri olarak 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında ortaya çıkmıştır. Yeşil siyasal düşünce, geleneksel siyasal ideolojilerden bağımsız, bizatihi yeni bir ideoloji olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yeşil siyasal düşüncenin, yalnızca çevre sorunlarıyla ilgilenmenin ötesine geçen, ekonomik, toplumsal, siyasal vs. tasavvurları olan bütüncül bir bakış açısı ve alternatif bir dünya görüşü olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yeni bir ideoloji olma iddiasındaki yeşil siyasal düşüncenin özgül temalarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda konu ile ilgili literatür incelenerek yeşil siyasal düşünce üzerine kavramsal bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda yeşil siyasal düşüncenin özgül kavramsal temaları “antiendüstriyalizm”, “eko-merkezcilik” ve “sürdürülebilirlik” olarak belirlenmiştir. Yeşil ideolojinin kurucu unsurları olarak kabul edilebilecek söz konusu temaların birbiriyle ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca her bir temanın, yine birbiriyle ilişkili, çeşitli alt temalarından söz etmek mümkündür.
Tarımsal Üretimin Ekonomi Politiği ve Kamu Politikaları
Authors: ÖZUĞURLU Hilmiye Yasemin
Published: December 2023

Kapitalizmin kriz eğilimine dayalı gelişme dinamiği; gıda krizleri, ekolojik krizler, sağlık krizi, enerji krizi, siyasal krizler gibi kapitalist sermaye birikimine içsel olarak gelişen farklı kriz görünümleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Kapitalist birikim krizleri mülkiyet yapılarındaki dönüşüm ile birlikte sınıfsal gerilimlerin artmasını beraberinde getirmektedir. Krizlerin yarattığı ekonomik gerilimler sadece işsizlik ve yoksulluğun artmasına neden olmamakta aynı zamanda kaynakların yeniden bölüşüm mücadelesini de sertleştirmektedir. Dolayısıyla ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde ekonomik, siyasal ve ekolojik gerilim hatlarının süreklilik kazanmasına neden olmaktadır. Tüm bu gerilim hatları tarımsal üretim sürecinde gerçekleşen dönüşüm ile somut olarak gözlemlenir hale gelmektedir. Bunun temel nedeni, tarımsal üretim süreci, kapitalist kriz dinamiklerinin yarattığı çelişkilerin bir gözlem alanı olarak değerlendirilebilir. Dolayısıyla kapitalizmin krizi aynı zamanda tarımsal üretim krizi olarak ele alınmalıdır. Buradan hareketle kapitalist kriz dinamikleri doğrultusunda tarım-gıda sistemlerinin dönüşümü tarımsal işbölümünün değişimine neden olmaktadır. Dönüşümün her bir evresi mülkiyet yapısındaki değişim ile birlikte, gıda üretimi, gıda güvenliği sorunlarını üretme potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Bu sürecin dolaylı etkisi ise gıda fiyatlarındaki artış ile birlikte iş gücü üzerindeki denetim mekanizmalarının artması şeklinde kendini göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede bu çalışma kapitalist gelişme dinamikleri ile tarımsal üretim sürecinin değişim dinamikleri arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkiyi, devletin ekonomideki rolüne ilişkin referansla tarihsel ve kuramsal çerçevede ele almaktadır. Burada Tarımsal üretim süreci ile kapitalist ekonomik işleyiş mekanizmasının iç içe geçmişliğinden yola çıkarak bir sistem eleştirisi ortaya koymak ve mevcut tarım-gıda sistemlerinin reformuna dayalı seçeneklerin dışında alternatif yaklaşımlar ve önerilerin önemini vurgulamaktır.
CONSTRUCTING THE “FOREST-CITY” OF NOVOSIBIRSK AKADEMGORODOK BY THE EXPERT COMMUNITIES (1957–1959)
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Bugaev Roman S.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Novosibirsk Akademgorodok project and its relationship with the environment. The tradition of immersing scientific cities in forests dates back to the 1930s, but it was rethought in the 1950s and became part of the improvement of scientists’ settlements, which had to provide an increased standard of living, including landscaping. Based on the materials of the projects of GIPRONII (the main projecting, scientific and research institute of the USSR Science Academy) and Novosibgorproekt (the Novosibirsk city architectural bureau), as well as the reports of the Forest-Protection Experimental Station (Lesozashchitnaia opytnaia stantsiia, LOS), it is shown that nature was conceptualized by projectors and foresters as a special kind of arrangement (infrastructure). These two expert communities assigned several functions to the forest: recreational, architectural, zoning and nature-strengthening. The functionality fixed in this way made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of landscape. As a result, meadows, clearings, and former arable lands were considered as the least valuable types of territories used for building and planting trees. However, the existing forests did not always meet the requirements of experts and required improvements to fulfill the tasks assigned to them. As a result, the use of both productivist and environmental discourses created a “forest city” immersed in greenery. The expert discourse formed by the LOS considered the environmental changes as part of the conservation of natural forests. The ambivalence of wildlife and urban infrastructure laid down by foresters became one of the factors that influenced the rethinking of the concept of nature in Novosibirsk Akademgorodok and the development of environmental ideas in the Soviet Union.
EXPERTISE OF THE SIBERIAN BRANCH OF THE USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND DEPARTMENTAL EXPERTISE OF THE PRODUCTION OF VISCOSE CORD AT THE BAIKAL PULP AND PAPER MILL: THE PROBLEM OF POSITIONS COORDINATION
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Piskunov Mikhail O.
Published: December 2023

The article focuses on the discussions initiated by the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences about the economic feasibility of the Baikal pulp and paper mill (BPPM) in the early 1970s and, more broadly, the late-Soviet economic policy of production location. For the author, the Baikal counterversion is not a borderline issue of Soviet environmental protection or a clash of productivist and ecological discourses in Soviet social thought, which it appears to be for much of the historiography, but a chain of scientific and technical problems, which were or were not resolved in a clash of expert opinions. This exchange of opinions was moderated by the central Soviet agencies represented by the all-union Council of Ministers, Gosstroy and Gosplan of the USSR. The main thesis of the text is that by 1966, when the construction of the first stage of the mill was completed, viscose cord, for the sake of which was created the BPPM, technologically outdated in comparison with the synthetic, and the products of the enterprise have lost their strategic importance. At the same time, the complication of production by environmental requirements made the operation of the BPPM unprofitable, but the State Planning Committee, relying on expectations of technological innovations, up to Perestroika blocked any discussion of the reprofiling or closure of the mill. This was due to the soft budget constraint regime in which, according to J. Kornai, Soviet industrial enterprises were located. Maintaining this regime was generally a matter of state policy, and in the case of the BPPM its political nature was further strengthened by a combination of departmental interests that were under attack by opponents of pulp production at Baikal.
MORE ON RECONSTRUCTING THE MYTHICAL PEOPLES’ NAMES IN THE MOUNTAIN MYTHONYMY OF THE URALS
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Berezovich Elena L. , Ivanova Elena E. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the mountain mythonymy of the Urals. Mythonyms are names for supernatural anthropomorphic beings that guard treasures of the earth (minerals and metals) and aid (or interfere with) their discovery, extraction, and carving. This article concerns mythonyms motivated by the names of the peoples who, as legends say, were the most ancient population of the region and used to live in the mountains, pits, barrows, etc. The authors use the material from dialect dictionaries, folklore texts, travellers’ notes, etc.; in addition, part of the material was collected during the 2020–2023 expeditions. The research is based mostly on the data from the Western, Middle and Southern Urals. Special attention is paid to toponyms and appellative landscape terms. The authors analyze the motivations behind the mythonyms, as well as the cultural context connected with the names. The following mythonyms are studied: чудь (chiúd’), дивьи люди (dív’i liúdi), стары люди (stáry liúdi), суксуны (соксуны) (suksuný (soksuný)), шайтаны (shaitány), шуты (shutý). In some cases, «prototype» peoples or generalized groups of such peoples may be indicated for them (for чудь, most likely, extinct Finno-Ugric tribes); in other cases, the nominations (in the source language) reflect signs of “savagery”, primitiveness (дивьи люди), antecedence to current peoples (стары люди), typical actions (суксуны). Linguistic facts and the beliefs and folklore texts behind them form a fairly rigid system in which various kinds of interactions are observed: language attractions; the interaction of folklore motifs, of which the most common is locative — living in mountains, mounds, etc.; further, the motives of storing treasures, self-burial in dugouts.
EKATERINBURG LAPIDARY FACTORY’S ACTIVITIES IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 1920s
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Vinokurov Sergey Ye. ,   Ekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts
Published: December 2023

The article considers the stone-cutting art of the region in the first post-revolutionary years by the example of the activities of the Ekaterinburg lapidary factory. Recurring since the 1950s, from publication to publication, the idea of interrupting the activities of this pre-revolutionary Russia’s key production in the first decade of Soviet power, or its reorientation exclusively to gem cutting, when studied in detail, demonstrates a different picture of the factory’s life during the period under review. Drawing upon archival documents and a few publications in the media, allows restoring a more complete picture of the stone-cutting activity of the enterprise in the first half of the 1920s. The article provides documentary information both on the activities of the factory and rare artworks created at that time. Based on the revealed archival data, including inventories and protocols, it clarifies the state of production at the time of its transfer to the state trust “Russkiye Samotsvety”. This change in the subordination of the Ekaterinburg Lapidary factory is regarded as a key event that allowed the factory itself to be preserved, as well as to avoid interrupting the tradition of artistic cutting of colored stone in the Urals.
A MODEL OF DIALOGUE BETWEEN POWER AND SOCIETY IN THE TRAVELOGUES OF THE 19TH CENTURY RUSSIAN TRAVELERS TO CENTRAL ASIA
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Churkin Mikhail K. ,   Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station, Ural Branch of the RAS
Published: December 2023

The article on the materials of the 19th century Russian travelers’ travelogues reveals the content of the imperial meta-narrative as a model of the dialogue between the “man of power and culture” and the “colonial subaltern” in the situation of Russia’s advance into the Central Asian region. It is suggested that the communication of the imperial power with the colonized territories and peoples, including its subjects, was implemented in accordance with the principle of cultural distance, which was represented and replicated in the texts of the military, diplomats, government officials. The ideological background for the representations of imperial power as a stable structure of domination and subordination of spaces and people was the Enlightenment postulates, as well as the theoretical conclusions of evolutionists and post-evolutionists, which had a significant impact on the processes of internal colonization, in the parameters of which the idea of Central Asia as “Russia’s own East” was established. In the course of the 19th century Russia’s ambitions towards Central Asia evolved from the realization of economic interests to direct political expansion, which initiated the expert and military activity of the central and regional authorities. An analysis of the discourse of travelogue texts has demonstrated the phenomenon of the imperial meta-narrative ability to constant self-reproduction. Within the framework of the travelogue discourse, a model of dialogue between power and society that was equally flexible and most comfortable for the empire was being constructed, in which tolerance for the cultural identity of “subordinates” required reciprocal political loyalty. It was seen as a condition for erasing cultural boundaries and imperial appropriation of a remote region.
SIBERIA AND THE SIBERIANS IN IDEOLOGICAL AND CREATIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE NEO-NARODNIK WRITERS (LATE 19TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURY)
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Protasova Olga L.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the attitude of the neo-populism representatives, known for their political, literary and journalistic activities, to Siberia as part of the Russian Empire. It is shown that the followers of the populist ideology of the late 19th — early 20th centuries clearly distinguished the Siberians’ mental traits from the psychology of the majority of natives from the metropolis — European Russia, explaining this specificity by the conditions of existence of local residents and migrants, as well as the peculiarities of interethnic and intercultural communications that have been developing in Siberia for centuries and can serve as an example of a civilizational meeting of East and West. Attention is drawn to the genre features of the neo-narodnik creativity: it is correct to present their Siberian essays as a “travelogue”, where the descriptive component is organically intertwined with the problem-psychological. The author reveals ideological closeness of the neo-narodnik journalism and Siberian regionalism (oblastnichestvo), a movement that first declared of Siberia’s colonial status and aimed at expanding its administrative, managerial and cultural independence, that is, its regional autonomy. It is concluded that, recognizing the imperfections of the imperial policy towards Siberia and its population, populist ideologists did not raise the question of the possibility of complete independence of this territory from the state center. Highly appreciating the economic and humanitarian prospects of Siberia, they considered a fait accompli its overcoming the colonial status and counted on the progressive development of local selfgovernment institutions both in Siberia and in Russia as a whole.
COLONIAL DISCOURSE IN THE YUGRA LITERARY PROSE
Authors:   Surgut State Pedagogical University, Larkovich Dmitry V.
Published: December 2023

The article presents an outline of the gradual development of the literature of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Yugra from the perspective of representation of colonial issues. It is noted that the literary reception of the processes of external and internal colonization of the Middle Ob region falls on the initial stage (1930s) of the formation of the regional fiction and expresses the idea of the need for the oncoming movement of different cultures as the most important condition for the prosperous of man’s existence on Yugra land. In the post-war period, the idea associated with the inevitability of a fundamental restructuring of the traditional consciousness of the indigenous population in new cultural and historical conditions is further developed and embodied in the image of a new man of the North, striving for intellectual and spiritual development, able to keep up with the times. The problem of a person’s choice of his life path in a rapidly changing reality becomes especially acute in the 1960s–1980s Yugra literature against the backdrop of social processes associated with the industrial development of the Tyumen North. At the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, the critical perspective of understanding the consequences of those processes that radically changed the life of the peoples of the Middle Ob region sharply increases and often actualizes apocalyptic motives in the structure of the Yugra writers’ literary narrative. In recent years, the colonial discourse in the works of the Yugra writers has shown a trend towards a decrease in socio-political severity and an increase in the role of the ontological and mythological context. Increasingly, the region is being positioned as part of the all-Russian and world space, where lifecreating energy is concentrated, capable of saving humanity from a global catastrophe.
THE THEME OF COLONIZATION IN KEDRA MITREY’S NOVEL “HEAVY YOKE”
Authors:   Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ural Вranch of the RAS, Shibanov Victor L.
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the problem of internal colonization of the north of Udmurtia on the example of Kedra Mitrey’s anti-church novel “Heavy Yoke”. Kedra Mitrey (Dmitry Ivanovitch Korepanov, 1892–1949) depicts the process of Christianization as one of the main instruments in the colonization of the Udmurts in the 19th century. Local residents adopt the skills of land cultivation from Russian settlers. Udmurts and Russians form interethnic families. The Udmurt peasant Dangyr and the Russian priest Ilariy are key characters in the novel. Dangyr has a negative attitude towards the construction of a new second church, since Ilariy uses most of the resources for personal selfish purposes. At the same time, Dangyr is drawn to reading and writing, without renouncing the pagan faith, he is baptized and learns the Russian language at a church school. The author of the novel sympathizes with Dangyr, but the priest Ilariy, conceived as a negative character, begins to reveal himself as a complex and contradictory figure. To fulfill his Orthodox mission, Ilariy learns the Udmurt language, gets acquainted with the faith and customs of the local population, and temporarily exempts baptized peasants from paying taxes. According to Kedra Mitrey, integration into the Russian space is a great boon for the Udmurts, but the tsarist policy, aimed at forcible Christianization and justifying the arbitrariness of local officials, most often turns into evil and becomes a ‘heavy yoke’ for the people.
DECOLONIZATION AND THE IMAGE OF AFRICA IN BRITISH CINEMA, 1945–1960
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Gavrilov Anton S.
Published: December 2023

Movies are created in specific historical conditions, influenced by the surrounding reality and dominant values, processed and projected them onto the screen. Thus, pre-war British cinema, having absorbed the ideology of the late 19th century, told about the “white man’s burden” in the far corners of the empire, for example, in Africa. It reflected British ideas about the “dark continent” as a dangerous place inhabited by cruel savages, and other stereotypes. However, the Second World War and the rise of the national liberation movement in the colonies dealt a tangible blow to the old imperial ideology, forcing British politicians to develop and promote new concepts of intraimperial relations. The article has the following tasks: to find out how the process of decolonization that began in 1945–1960 influenced the ideological content of British movies about the Empire, how approaches to the visual representation of the colonized “other” changed in this regard, and how the audience perceived these changes. Using the plots of several post-war films as an example the author shows how the new rhetoric about the Commonwealth of Nations and partnership and current events related to the liberation of the continent from British rule influenced on the depiction of Africa in feature films. It is concluded that, despite the presence of rudiments of previous ideological attitudes, attempts to soften the tone of the narrative and present Africa and Africans in a more noble light have become noticeable in British cinema.
CO-SPATIALITY AND GEO-CULTURAL TEXTS: FROM LITERARY COLONIZATIONS TO CROSS-BORDER CARTOGRAPHIES OF THE IMAGINATION
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Zamyatin Dmitry N.
Published: December 2023

Any literary text is an act of ontological development of new territories. Culture, being always local, can develop the same territories more than once in physical terms — based on the epoch of its development, as well as on the geo-cultural transformations of these territories. The process of literary colonization means multiplication of geo-cultural processes, as a result of which new “clusters” of hybrid geo-cultural texts are created. Сo-spatiality in relation to literary colonization can be considered as a process of ontological identification of a territory with geo-cultural texts that have not previously been identical to it. At the same time, newly created geo-cultural texts turn out to be both co-spatial with themselves and with the texts of geo-cultures that have interacted. Literary colonization can be considered as a process of intensive intercultural interaction that generates hybrid texts, characterized by fundamentally new co-spatialities and also forming cross-border cartographies of imagination. Different geo-cultural traditions of colonization form different cartographies of the imagination of the same territory, in which there are images of colonizing territories. The integrity of the process of literary colonization is ensured by geo-cultural analysis, which combines places, mentalities and realities that are initially far from each other, and contributes to the construction of complex meta-cartographies of imagination, combining various cartographies of imagination in origin and content. The role of literary colonization lies in the “discovery” of geo-cultural transcoding — one or more significant literary works in the geo-cultural colonization context structure a new territory with the help of a newly developed complex meta-cartography of the imagination, offering common original rules of perception and reading of environmental features. The geo-culture of the colonization text consists in the “invention” of territorial strata, representing a new territoriality as an immanent necessity for the expansion and transformation of the author’s own consciousness. New colonization geo-cultures, mostly intermediate, become more co-spatial with each other, which leads to the formation of a planetary rhythm of colonization processes.
RESETTLEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND SOPS ON THE “RATIONALIZATION OF NATURE MANAGEMENT” IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SIBERIA (1900–1910s and 1970–1980s)
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Gilmintinov Roman R. , Chupin Maxim Yu. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the approaches to nature management of two departments responsible for the development of Siberia in the Russian Empire and the USSR: the Resettlement Administration and the Council for the Study of Productive Forces (Sovet po izucheniyu proizvoditel’nyh sil — SOPS). Both structures were established in the late imperial period, carried out practice-oriented research on the outskirts for the purpose of economic planning and development of Asian regions, and then, to varying degrees, were integrated into the Soviet system. Comparison of the views of the experts from these two structures makes it possible to reveal the peculiarities of understanding the problems of nature management in the late imperial and late Soviet periods, the development of Asian regions, continuity and gaps between the two regimes. Studying the approaches of the Resettlement Administration and SOPS to nature management demonstrates that the development of Siberia was a way to build not only a new society, but also new approaches to the interaction between society and the environment. The article concludes that the goals of the experts of the Resettlement Administration and SOPS were not purely commercial in nature, their expertise contributed to the solution of political, social, environmental issues, such as the shortage of land in the European part of the Russian Empire; the danger of transferring this problem to the east; dependence on resource exports; uneven distribution of hazardous industries and the associated with it excessive concentration of pollution in industrialized regions. Thus, the deconcentration of the population and industries and their more even distribution, according to the experts, would not only contribute to the development of regions on the periphery, but also weaken environmental problems in the center.
THE 1930s SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY IN THE FIELD OF HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SIBERIAN AUTOMOBILE AND ROAD INSTITUTE)
Authors:   Siberian State Automobile and Road University, Kabakova Natalia V.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the peculiarities of the functioning of the Soviet scientific community in the field of higher technical education in the 1930s. The Siberian Automobile and Road Institute is presented as an example of such activities. During the period of industrialization in the USSR, the demand for scientific research increased significantly, especially in areas that were of priority importance for the modernization of the country. At the same time, a scientific sector began to form, built on an industry principle and associated with production. Science policy, with its pronounced utilitarian character, was under the close attention of the party and state structures. Modernization challenges also affected higher technical education. It was necessary not only to increase the number of institutes that would train personnel for the economy, but also to create scientific sectors related to production in these educational institutions. At large party forums, the task was set of a qualitative restructuring of higher education institutions, streamlining scientific work, and introducing the planning principle into research work. This policy led to the emergence of road transport institutes transferred to the jurisdiction of the GUSHOSDOR under the NKVD of the USSR. The only higher education institution of this type established in the eastern part of the country was the Siberian Automobile and Road Institute, opened in 1930 in Omsk. This educational institution had to begin its activities in difficult conditions, since there were numerous difficulties associated with recruiting staff, organizing educational and scientific work. The teaching staff of the initial stage of the institute history was heterogeneous in terms of qualifications and work experience in higher educational institutions. Despite the difficulties of the first decade, the institute managed to organize scientific activities aimed at implementing national economic objectives.
Sosialisasi Dampak Game Online Bagi Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hutauruk Martinus Robert
Published: December 2023

Game online adalah merupakan produk atau hasil dari perkembangan teknologi dan informasi yang sangat signifikan dewasa ini. Situasi ini berdampak terhadap berbagai lapisan masyarakat dan hingga ke seluruh wilayah terpencil tidak terkecuali. Sehingga memerlukan perhatian yang serius dan kebijakan bagi para orang tua sehubungan dengan keberadaan anak-anak di usia sekolah dasar. Kecanduan game online juga dewasa ini menjadi fenomena yang berkembang dengan pesat dan menjadi hal yang biasa. Dampak kemajuan teknologi ini perlu diantisipasi khususnya bagi anak-anak di usia sekolah dasar, khususnya pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri 001 Tenggarong Seberang. Suatu wilayah desa yang berada di tepian sangat Mahakam dan cukup terpencil namun tidak lepas dari jangkauan internet dan perangkat smartphone modern. Ada berbagai dampak, yaitu mulai dari hal yang positif dan hingga yang negatif terhadap perilaku dan kesehatan yang disebabkan dari adanya game online bagi anak usia sekolah dasar ini. Upaya sosialisasi dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan anak-anak Sekolah Dasar pada jenjang kelas 4, 5 dan 6 dalam satu tempat dengan metode interaktif. Selain itu disampaikan pula adanya beberapa hal yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak negatif game online, dengan cara meningkatkan bakat kemampuan dalam bidang musik, seni, olah raga dan lainnya sebagai pengisi waktu luang. Selain itu kegiatan outdor rekreasi dan wisata alam dan rohani juga cukup menjanjikan dalam mengatasi situasi ini.  Online games are a product or result of the very significant development of technology and information today. This situation impacts various levels of society, and all remote areas are no exception. So, it requires serious attention and policies for parents regarding the presence of children at elementary school age. Online game addiction has also recently become an overgrowing phenomenon and has become commonplace. The impact of technological advances needs to be anticipated, especially for children of elementary school age, especially at State Elementary School 001 Tenggarong Seberang. A village area that is on the banks of the Mahakam River and is quite remote but cannot be separated from the reach of the internet and modern smartphone devices. There are various impacts, ranging from positive to negative, on behavior and health caused by online games for elementary school-age children. Socialization efforts gather elementary school children in grades 4, 5, and 6 in one place using interactive methods. Apart from that, it was also conveyed that several things can be done to reduce the negative impact of online games by increasing talent in music, art, sports, and others to fill free time. Apart from that, outdoor recreation activities and natural and spiritual tourism are promising in overcoming this situation.
Psikoedukasi Dukungan Teman Sebaya Melalui Psychological First Aid (PFA) Pada Remaja
Authors: Kurniawati Yunita , Hasanah Nur , Zahro Elmy Bonafita
Published: December 2023

Kesehatan mental merupakan aspek penting untuk kesejahteraan individu, termasuk remaja. Kesehatan mental yang baik dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis, kualitas hidup dan kesehatan individu, serta dapat membantu individu dalam mengatasi permasalahan dan stressor dalam kehidupannya. Masa remaja atau sering juga disebut sebagai masa pubertas, pada tahap perkembangannya akan mencapai identitas diri, sehingga lebih banyak menghabiskan waktu dengan teman sebaya. Pengaruh teman sebaya berperan penting dalam kehidupan remaja, yaitu dapat memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Permasalahan remaja dapat bersumber dari keluarga, masalah akademik, teman sebaya dan sebagainya, sehingga rentan mengalami masalah kesehatan mental seperti depresi, kecemasan dan lain-lain. Dukungan teman sebaya dapat memainkan peran penting dalam membantu remaja mengatasi masalah kesehatan mental. Salah satu upaya preventif yang dilakukan berupa psikoedukasi melalui prinsip psychological first aid pada 58 siswa kelas 8 dan 9 di salah satu SMP Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan selama satu hari melalui metode ceramah role play dan penayangan video. Hasil dari kegiatan ini terdapat peningkatan pemahaman siswa kelas 8 tentang dukungan sosial sebaya.Mental health is an important aspect for individual well-being, including adolescents. Adolescence with high mental health can improve psychological well-being, quality of life, and can help individuals cope with the problems and stressors in their lives. Adolescence, or often referred to as puberty, is the stage of development in which someone will achieve self-identity, so they spend more time with peers. Peer influence plays an important role in adolescent lives, and it can have both positive and negative impacts. However, problems can come from the family, academic problems, peers, etc., that makes them vulnerable to mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, and others. Otherwise, peer support can play an important role in helping adolescence coping with mental health issues. Psychoeducation as a preventive program given to 58 junior high school students in grades 8 and 9. The results of this psychoeducation program are an increase in students' understanding of peer social support.
Psikoedukasi: Shut Down Fat Talk Pada Remaja
Authors: Lestari Sumi , Alhadad Muhammad Afif , Wahyudianto Martomo
Published: December 2023

Fat talk merupakan suatu bentuk tindakan negative yang membuat korban merasa tidak nyaman dan memunculkan emosi-emosi negative lainnya lainnya seperti tidak percaya diri, isolasi diri, diet tidak sehat, gangguan makan dan tentunya berdampak pada kondisi kesehatan mental individu.Tujuan implementasi psikoedukasi tentang shut down fat talk guna memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat khususnya remaja pada jenjang mahasiswa agar di lingkungan kampus tidak ditemukan lagi perilaku fat talk yang berdampak negatif terhadap korbannya. Metode psikoedukasi ini dengan menggunakan platform webinar secara daring yang diselenggarakan pada hari sabtu tanggal 9 September 2023, dalam kegiatan melibatkan beragam mahasiswa yang terlibat dengan jumlah responden 25 mahasiswa, dimana seluruh responden webinar memperoleh reward berupa e-money sebesar 50.00. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan webinar para responden memiliki peningkayan soft skill dan hard skill berupa pemahaman tentang fat talk, faktor-foktor yang mempengaruhi fat talk, dampak dan contoh-contoh konkrit fat talk yang terjadi hingga mereka memahami tentang strategi menghadapi fat talk.Fat talk is a form of negative behavior that makes the victims feel uncomfortable and causing them to have negative emotions such as lack of self confidence, self isolation, unhealthy diet, eating disorder, and absolutely negative impact on mental health. The purpose of implementing psychoeducation about shutting down the fat talk was to provide knowledge and information about fat talk issues to community specifically university students, so that hopefully there would be no more fat talk behaviors that had negative impact on the victims. Webinar through zoom meeting was conducted and participated by over 25 university students on Saturday September 9, 2023. Participants who joined the whole sections of webinar were rewarded 50 thousands rupiah in the form of electronic money. Based on the activities result analysis, participants gained more knowledge about fat talk definition and behaviors, factors influencing fat talk, and negative impacts of fat talk. Hopefully it contributed to their soft skill and hard skill enhancement in implementing knowledge about fat talk prevention to daily activities.