bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P01-172 - Overview of Child Psychiatry in a Developing Country
Authors: Bakht M.
Published: June 2010

Background

Various epidemiological studies indicates that emotional & behavior problems in children are equally prevalent in developing & developed countries. In a developing country such as Bangladesh the daily livelihood & combating common childhood diseases are the foremost concern, and the mental health of children is often neglected.

Objectives

This study will review an overview of child psychiatry in a developing country, focusing on the lack of existing infrastructure, challenges facing children mental health services & what steps to be taken to develop mental health services in Bangladesh.

Methods

Critical review of various literature on the topic.

Results

Child psychiatry is gravely under recognized & underdeveloped in Bangladesh. There is lack of basic infrastructure in the field of child psychiatry. Top most mental disorders amongst children in Bangladesh are behavior disorders & anxiety disorders. These problems are not just restricted to urban regions of Bangladesh; there is also significant levels of emotional problems amongst children in rural areas of Bangladesh.

Conclusion

Poverty, malnutrition, illiteracy, & in recent years, through rapid urbanization of the country, the social & family structure is breaking down, which is contributing in development of mental health disorders amongst children. There is definite lack of infrastructure, awareness & availability of mental health services for children. However, plenty of avenues exist, through which child psychiatric services can be developed in the country.
P01-173 - Traumatic Impact on the Young mind in Response to Disasters: an Approach to Psychosocial Intervention
Authors: Bakht M.
Published: June 2010

Background

Traumatic events such as tsunamis, wildfires, war, cyclones, etc. have a lasting effect on children's emotional well-being. The psychological impacts are multifactorial & reaction is also varied depending on the individual.

Objectives

This study will review the psychological impact on children's minds following exposure to traumatic events & will identify the evidence based psychosocial approach of intervention.

Methods

Critical review of literature on the topic.

Results

The severity of impact depends on exposure to the traumatic event, but minimum exposure can also be harmful. The level of trauma, proximity, duration of exposure, evidence of psychopathology before trauma exposure & disruption in social support networks consistently emerge as strong predictors of psychopathology following exposure to trauma with response to mood, anxiety or behavioral manifestation. Socioeconomic disadvantages that follow disaster predict long-term problems. A positive correlation between children's & parents symptomatology has been noted. Intervention strategies include screening children at risk,triage & referral,community based intervention & trauma focused treatment programs. CBT emerges as the best validated therapeutic modalities for children experiencing trauma related mood & anxiety symptoms.

Conclusion

Psychological impact resulting in trauma to children could be enormous. Good psychosocial management following a disaster with effective follow through & broad care planning may lessen the long term impacts.
P01-179 - Family Relationships in Children and Adolescents with Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Burgic-Radmanovic M. , Burgic S.
Published: June 2010

Objective

The children and youth mental health is a dynamic and developing process that is result of their interactions with family, school, community and surrounding. The goal is to show the influence of family disfunction on behavior disorders among children and youth, especially the presence of negligence and abuse of children. The aim of this research is to show the presence of comorbid diseases and influence of low socio-economic family status as well.

Method

The research is retrospective study taken by 64 patients (36 girls and 28 boys), age between 7 and 18, at Department of child and adolescent psychiatry in Banja Luka. We analised socio-demografic status, comorbid diseases, the presence of negligence and abuse among youth and behavior disorders. Our own questionnaire, made for this research, socio-psychiatric and clinical records and case history are used in this study. The results are analised by graffics and tables.

Results

There is significant higher number of boys, age under 14 years old, statistic lower socio-economic status, the presence of family violence, school dificulties, quiting the school. There is significant number of girls with comorbid disease.

Conclusion

Family can influence on apperance of mental disorders in their children through family disfunction, frequent conflicts, negligence and family violence, the presence of severe diseases, low socio-economic status, psycho-traumatic events and stressful situations.
P01-183 - Policy, Evidence and Practice in Mental Health Care: Infant Mental Health
Authors: Nikiten S. , Cawthorpe D. , Hawkins E. , Wilkes C.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Health care policies should be implemented to provide the proper care for children with mental health disorders and there is a need for improved infant and early childhood mental health assessment. In this paper we examine how system data reflecting program practice meet to inform advances in developing infant mental health policy.

Methods

Data from the Collaborative Mental Health Care (CMHC) program, a consultation based service in the focusing on the early identification of children (aged 0-5) at significant risk for developing mental health problems, was analyzed in comparison to those not coming into contact with such specialized services.

Results

Compared to others of the same age, those with CMHC involvement waited less time [mean days 13.7 (S.D. 32.3) vs. mean days 69.3 (S.D. 180.3] and had shorter lengths of stay [mean days 139.9 (S.D. 119.3) vs. mean days 232.4 (S.D. 329.7] and proportionately fewer registrations.

Conclusions

Early identification of children's mental health concerns through supporting the community through specialized consultation and promoting resiliency can significantly reduce mental health service utilization by offering more specific and specialized information, referral or treatment services for infants and very young children. The policy implications are self-evident: All provinces require specialized mental health services for infants and very young children in order to better serve children and increase service capacity.
P01-186 - Perception of Adolescents’ Risk Behaviours by the Medical Staff
Authors: Ben Thabet J. , Zouari N. , Jaoua F. , Chérif L. , Zouari L. , Maâlej M.
Published: June 2010

The objective of this work was to study the perception of the adolescents’ risk behaviours, in the arabo-islamic context, by a hundred of medical and paramedic staff.

Fifty doctors and fifty paramedics who have at least one adolescent child participated in the study. They have filled in an auto-questionnaire in an anonymous way, consisting of 6 items related to the general profile of the participants and another 10 relative to the aspects that seemed to us the most pertinent ones concerning adolescents’ risk behaviours.

The answers of the participants enabled us to index the items in three groups:

-

Items with a high frequency of correct answers, independently of the educational level, referring to the unprotected sexual relations, the drug consumption, the dangerous moped driving, spending much time on internet and the excess of preoccupations to his weight.

-

Items with high frequency of incorrect answers independently of the educational level, referring to the fact that the teenager smokes and consumes alcoholic drinks or drug alone.

-

Items with a rate of correct answers significantly lower with paramedics than with doctors (p< 0.001) referring to the occasional consumption of alcoholic drinks.

The answers of medical staff investigating were frequently in unconformity with scientific data, with many prejudiced ideas, reflecting the impact of the taboo related to the arabo-islamic culture what encourages us to suggest recommendations aiming to sensitize paramedical staff as well as the general public to the particularities of adolescence.
P01-187 - Psychiatric Disorders Amongst Children of Immigrants
Authors: Chirita A.L. , Marcoci D. , Benea S.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

According to European Statistical Office EUROSTAT, Romania represents the second source of immigrants in the European Union. Off the record, more than 2 million people work out of the country, sex ratio for immigrants being quite equal.

Parents’ immigration seems to become a new mode of abuse against children. The most optimistic statistics highlight that almost 100,000 of children have been abandoned by one or both parents, the majority being ascertained to older family members.

Methods

We followed-up 96 teenagers registered in Mental Health Center and University Clinic of Psychiatry Craiova, aged between 15.4 and 19.8 (mean age 17.4 years).

Results

Of the 96 subjects included in the study, 59 were boys and 37 girls. Their mean age at parents’ departure was 8.2±1.9 years. In the total sample, the most prevalent symptoms at the onset were non-specific symptoms of stress response (i.e. exaggerated startle response, difficulties getting to sleep, difficulty in concentrating). Symptoms released after a delay of at least 6 months after the departure (more quickly at boys) and remaining members of the family decided to accompany the child to the psychiatrist more later, in several cases even at two years distance since the onset (earlier at boys, in which emotional response to abandon was noisier, often with dissocial behavior). Intensity of symptoms varied from mild to severe.

Conclusions

Home alone generation begins now, after several years of opening to European world, to be a problem that us, Romanian adult psychiatrists, haven’t encountered before.
P01-188 - Regional Brain Perfusion Differences Associated with Norepinephrine Transporter Gene Polymorphisms in ADHD
Authors: Cho S.-C. , Kim B.-N. , Kim J.-W. , Shin M.-S. , Kim H.-W. , Kang J.-W. , Yang Y.-H.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine whether the presence of risk alleles of the norepinephrine transporter gene (SLC6A2) polymorphisms is associated with differences in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured by 99mTc-HMPAO single photon emission computerized tomography in a Korean sample of ADHD.

Methods

The present study included 24 children with ADHD (9.5±2.4 years), consisting of 20 boys and 4 girls, aged 6-16 years. We investigated the G1287A and -3081(A/T) polymorphisms of the SLC6A2. The rCBF was compared between the ADHD subjects with and without risk alleles at the G1287A polymorphism and at the -3081(A/T) polymorphism. Image analyses were performed with voxelwise t-statistics using SPM2.

Results

1)

The ADHD subjects with the A allele (risk allele) at the G1287A polymorphism showed reduced perfusion in the left middle frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, right superior frontal gyrus, and right superior parietal lobule as compared with ADHD subjects without the A allele (p< 0.001).

2)

The ADHD subjects with the A allele at the G1287A polymorphism showed increased perfusion in the right middle frontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and right anterior lobe of cerebellum as compared with ADHD subjects without the A allele (p< 0.001).

3)

No significant perfusion differences were found between ADHD subjects with and without the T allele (risk allele) at the -3081(A/T) polymorphism.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the SLC6A2 G1287A polymorphism might exert differential effects on rCBF in children with ADHD.
P01-191 - Special Needs of Traveller Children and Adolescents in Ireland
Authors: Datta A. , Frewen J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Travellers have historically suffered from discrimination in Ireland and their children have been marginalised as a result.

Objectives

Review relevant online and hardcopy literature pertaining to special needs of Traveller Children and Adolescents

Aims

1/

Assess/evaluate impact of socio-cultural context and environment upon treatment for psychiatric problems of Traveller children/adolescents in Ireland.

2/

Assess/evaluate coverage of mainstream knowledge and understanding of Traveller family and community culture; categorisation of traveller children/adolescents affected by cultural/social misunderstandings; communication issues due to cultural differences with settled community; impact of sense of exclusion and/or discrimination upon traveller children/adolescents; role of ‘racism’ in tendency to believe traveller children/adolescents have mental problems more quickly than those from settled community; apprehension of involvement in treatment process; different expectations of traveller families from mainstream specialists with respect to treatment process and objectives.

Methods

Rigorous review of relevant and applicable hardcopy/internet literature in English since 2000 with particular emphasis on traveller children/adolescents in Ireland.

Results

Problems associated with traveller children/adolescents generally multi-dimensional and require additional assistance through family and community oriented mental health services that respect and understand cultural values and way of life of the traveller population. Furthermore, awareness of discrimination and exclusion that has been and is suffered by the travelling population is essential in responding to psychiatric needs of traveller children/adolescents.

Conclusion

History of discrimination and exclusion together with lack of cultural understanding and empathy have often hampered effective treatment of traveller children/adolescents in Ireland. Need for greater involvement of travelling communities in psychiatric treatment process.
P01-193 - Developmental Comorbidity Assessment in Childhood ADHD
Authors: Dineen P. , Fitzgerald M.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Childhood ADHD typically presents with comorbidites. Assessment tools for developmental screening vary greatly in length and complexitity, and parental preference has an impact on the usefulness of clinical tools in routine practice.

Objectives

To determine among a group of children which ones may benefit from occupational therapy, speech and language therapy and educational progress re-assessment as part of routine clinical assessment for ADHD with the intention to improve service delivery.

Aims

Children were referred on a routine basis to a community clinic for ADHD assessment. SNAP-IV, FTF and BRIEF rating scales were administered. The FTF was used as a parent-rated screen for general development; it is a 200-item questionairre and includes sections on motor skills, speech and language skills and variety of other areas.

Methods

A review of freely available developmental questionaires was conducted. The FTF was introduced on a trial basis as a balance between the typical shorter scale of the SDQ and longer time needed for the DAWBA.

Results

The parents of 25 children completed the FTF as part of routine clinical assessment for ADHD. Along with identifying groups of children who could benefit from further allied-healthcare assessment, the majority of parents had no difficulty with the length, although minority did report difficulty with understanding the language. Diagnoses were confirmed using SNAP-IV and clinical interview and assessment. Executive function scores were compared to FTF executive function screening scores.

Conclusions

Routine screening of developmental comorbidities may help with the development of patient -related outcome measures.
P01-200 - Dat1 Gene Polymorphism and Pefromance in Modified Stroop Interference Test in Children with ADHD and Healthy Controls
Authors: Slopien A. , Dmitrzak-Weglarz M. , Rybakowski F. , Borkowska A. , Wolanczyk T. , Hauser J. , Rajewski A.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) has been associated with ADHD in previous studies. Some data point also to the role of DAT1 gene in cognitive functions, such as attention, affecting ADHD phenotype.

Methods

Two hundred five children with diagnosis of ADHD (187 boys, 18 girls; age 10.9±2.7) and 155 healthy controls (80 boys, 75 girls; age 10.3±2.3) were recruited. DAT rs463379 SNP intron polymorphism was genotyped. Both (unmedicated for 48 hours) patients and healthy controls were assessed with modified Stroop Interference Test (SIT).

Results

: Due to low number of patients with CC genotype, in analysis we combined CC and GC genotypes. In patients GG compared to CC + GC genotype was associated with lower number of errors in part A ST (2.5±3.3 vs. 4.1±4.7; p=0.01). In part B of SIT, controls and patients with GG performed better (made less errors) than individuals with GC and GG genotypes; respectively (0.4±0.7 vs. 0.5±0.9 vs. 1.3±1.0; p=0.02); (1.0±1.4 vs. 2.0±3.3; p=0.03). Part C of SIT was performed better (less errors and shorter time) in patients with GG genotype vs. patients with other genotypes, respectively (139.9±48.0 vs. 166.2±67.6; p=0.009); (6.8±5.6 vs. 10.1±8.5; p=0.009).

Conclusions

We observed association between polymorphism in intron of DAT1 gene and performance in SIT. GG genotype of rs463379 SNP may be related to better cognitive functioning (better inhibition) in patients with ADHD. This may suggest the role of inhibition as intermediate variable between genotype and clinical picture of ADHD.
P01-201 - Transition of Care From CAMHS to Adult Mental Health Services
Authors: George M. , Khan A. , Nicholls J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The transition from a child and adolescent to an adult mental health service is necessary for young people whose mental health problems are likely to be both severe and enduring.

Adolescents between the ages of 10 and 20 make up 13-15% of the total population of the UK and they form a significant social group with major health needs.

The issue of concern is that some young people fail to make the transition, usually for reasons of service design, configuration and ethos.

The Trust transition protocol was developed to ensure that young people with continuing mental health problems, are effectively supported during the transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services(AMH) or other adult services.

Aims

To determine the compliance with trust guidelines in transfer of care from CAMHS to Adult mental health.

Consider practical and administrative issues that come up when implementing the current protocol.

Methods

Review of case notes of clients transferred to AMH between March 08 - July 09.

12 cases identified

Results

All transfer had detailed written referral letter.In three-quarters of cases a care coordinator in AMH was allocated within 2-3 weeks of the referral, following which a formal transfer meeting took place in 75% of cases and during the transfer any crisis was managed by the CAMHS team.

GP & CMHT received a detailed discharge letter in majority of cases.However only 1/2 of cases had a planning meeting, and attendance at meetings was incomplete.
P01-205 - Maternal Depression in British Pakistani Women and the Effect on Infant Behaviour
Authors: Ghazanfar N. , Husain M. , Khan S. , Rahman A. , Cruikshank J. , Husain N.
Published: June 2010

Objective

To investigate the effect of perinatal depression on birth weight, head circumference, length and infant behaviour in a group of Pakistani women living in the Greater Manchester area of the United Kingdom.

Method

Using a prospective cohort design British Pakistani women were screened using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (n=714), the Life events and Difficulty Schedule was used to measure social stress and the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry interview to confirm the diagnosis of depression. Details of birth weight and height were taken from hospital records. Physical and cognitive development of the infants using the Bayleys Scale of Infant Development (BSID-111) was assessed at 6 months postnatal.

Results

There was no significant difference in birth weight (p=0.0948) and head circumference (p=0.75) at baseline or at 6 months between the two groups. The length of the infants of depressed mothers at 6 months was significantly less (p=0.02) than the infants of non depressed mothers. There was also a significant difference between the two groups in adaptive behaviour in leisure (p=0.043) and health & safety (p=0.049).

Conclusion

Infants of depressed British Pakistani mothers are not more likely to weigh less at birth or 6 months when compared to infants of non depressed mothers. However they are more likely to be shorter at 6 months and score lower on the BSID on leisure and health & safety areas of adaptive behaviour.
P01-222 - Medicament Treatment of Anorexia Mentalis
Authors: Krasic D. , Mitic M. , Ilic N.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Anorexia mentalis is a psychiatric disease followed by body deterioration.Goal: The selecting of medicament treatment and psychotherapy, following certain procedures which will lead the patient into the quickest psychosomatics functioning.

Material and methods

During the period from January till December 2007, 15 female patients, age 14-19, were treated. Six of them were treated with Haloperidol, and 9 received Olanzapine treatment.The therapy consists of:A:A “two-way” therapy and “multi-level”therapy”: food intake (high energy supplements and meals) and body mass growth curve, i.e. physical and psychical conditions are simultaneously monitored (horizontal level).B: Pharmacotherapy (neuroleptics and antidepressives)C: Psychotherapy (individual, family, behavioral, psychodynamic) (vertical level A, B)The treatment is pervasive and in stages, with individual corrections by the therapist according to specificity of each patient.

Results

The following parameters were observed: body weight, BMI, hormonal status, regaining menstrual cycle, and psychical status, brain NMR scan, period of hospitalization. Female patients treated with Olanzapine gained 3-4 kg in one month, during that period psychopathology gradually faded: obsessive thoughts about weight loss, disturbed body image. Depressive emotionality lasts longer; therefore the antidepressives are included in therapy. Female patients treated with Haloperidol gained body weight slower, in a period of five months in average, and they also showed slower psychopathological restitution.

Conclusion

Anorexia is very serious psychological disease that can be a death threat to a patients physical health, therefore, an early disease detection, timely reaction and treatment are essential.
P01-226 - The Deprivation Family as the Risk Factor of Development Violations of Behaviour
Authors: Malinina E. , Zabozlaeva I. , Chizhova T.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The family is one of main factors, which have influence on body and mental health of the children especially in early ages. The aim of study was to explore the family status of the children with behavior disorders.

Methods

During 2007-2008 years 112 families were observed with children 10-15 years old with behavior disorders. The research methods were clinical-anamnesistical and clinical-psychological. Also the parents of the children answered on the questionnaire about development of their child in infancy and upbringing.

Results

There are following types of unfortunate families: incomplete family (46,3%), formal family (25%) where parents are at the stage of divorcement and the mutual respect and understanding are absent; family with alcoholic way of life (74,5%), antisocial family (79,8%) with criminal and antisocial mode of life. The prevalent method in upbringing was hypo wardship at the 46, 4% (n = 51. In 43,6% (n = 48) of cases type of upbringing was estimated as child neglect generally it was family where both parents led antisocial way of life. In 10% (n = 11) of families upbringing was made as hyper wardship. In the majority of cases (79 5% (n = 89)) children had the poor conditions of life.

Conclusion

The conducted investigation showed that families where children were bringing up with violations of behaviour could be considered as socially deformed with antisocial mode of upbringing. The findings could be useful for development of complex rehabilitation program for children with behavior disorders.
P01-227 - Therapeutic Interventions in Behavioural Symptoms Characteristic of Eating Disorders
Authors: Marqués P. , Martín D. , Piñol C. , Ladron de Cegama U.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The results showed that the adolescents were more concerned about their physical appearance (body dissatisfaction and obsession with being thin), by their social environment (interpersonal distrust). The Anorexia (AN) has alarming increase of the disorders of the food conduct in the last two decades. The conception etiopatogénica current is multifactorial: biopsicosocial, where the more important are the sociocultural factors.

Objectives

To assess the presence of symptoms of cognitive and behavioural symptoms characteristic of eating disorders in adolescents.

Aims and methods

Clinical case: four neighbors of the same village, who initiated being adolescents, food restriction. Finally, three of them needed hospitable revenue. In our case, they are athletes, favorite children of the best families and they form part of the regional soccer team. Like a jobby, being children, they competed furtively “to see wich one lost more weight “

Results

Theory Multifactorial postulates that the Anorexia nervosa would be a complex interaction betewing the psychological and family factors that would lead the teenager to rejecting the food; the consistent malnutrition would produce changes hipotalámicos and endocrine that would contribute to the disorders of the corporal image and the fear of the obesity.

Conclusions

Our adolescents with normal weight showed specific factors for developing eating disorders in the future. The sociocultural influences and concretly, “the longing thinness ” constitute the principal factor predisposition of maintenance of these disorders. It seems to be important to anticipate the clinical conditions that they could accompany on the future cases in our young men.
P01-229 - Beyond the Ritalina Attention Deficit Disorder in Children: Developmental, Parenting, and Treatment
Authors: Messina L.
Published: June 2010

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a very prevalent disorder in children and adolescents determining important impairments in those affected. This review aims to discuss some clinical and therapeutic dilemmas found by clinical psychiatrists in the treatment of the disorder.

Methods

This is a comprehensive, non-systematic review of the literature addressing the following issues:

a)

differentiation normality/presence of the disorder;

b)

clinical relevance of the age-of-onset of impairment criterion;

c)

frontiers with Bipolar Disorders (BD);

d)

guidelines for treatment when the disorder is associated with comorbidities.

Results

Clinical tips are presented to make the diagnosis without significantly increasing the proportion of false positives, as well as to help in both the differential diagnosis with BD and the pharmacological management of the disorder associated to comorbidities.

Conclusions

The precise diagnosis, avoiding very flexible criteria, is crucial in a disorder with a dimensional construct in the population, as well as the adequate use of medication for a highly comorbid disorder.
P01-234 - Additional treatment options for ADHD
Authors: Niederhofer H.
Published: June 2010

D-amphetamine, the mixed preparation of d, l-amphetamine, and methylphenidate are first line agents for the treatment of attention deficit disorder (ADHD). Despite the impressive track record for the stimulants in the treatment of ADHD, they fail in 25% of patients due to lack of efficacy or the emergence of unwanted side effects. With respect to Atomoxetine and other nonstimulants in treatment of ADHD, the Alpha2-receptor agonist clonidine has been used for more than 20 years. The findings from controlled studies, however, have been somewhat inconsistent, showing benefit and negative results. The noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor Desipramine has also shown some benefit. The novel antidepressant bupropion was found to be superior to placebo. Niederhofer could demonstrate, that also drugs, affecting the serotonine system (Tianeptine), may improve some symptoms associated with ADHD.

Data about additional biological treatment options for ADHD are very scarse. This talk gives an overview of actual results.

-

bright light therapy has been proven to be effective

-

also rTMS seems to improve especially the hyperactivity-related symptoms

-

there are some herbals with proven norepinephrinergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic effects.

We present a comparison of these data. The observed improvement is lower than the 50%-60% improvement reported in stimulant trials, but is similar than the level of improvement observed in other nonstimulant studies.

These finding also raises questions about the utility of combining those therapeutic options with stimulants. In patients with ADHD, this combination might permit lower doses of the stimulant.
P01-235 - Does screening for auditory hallucinations among adolescents using a single question predict psychopathology on clinical interview?
Authors: Devlin N. , Kelleher I. , Cannon M. , Keeley H.
Published: June 2010

Background

Individuals who report psychotic-type experiences are at increased risk of future clinical psychotic disorder. They constitute a ‘at-high risk’ group for studying the trajectory to schizophrenia and related illnesses. Psychotic disorders are a significant risk factor for suicide, especially young people. Previous research has used screening instruments to identify this high risk group but few studies have followed up by an in-depth clinical interview to assess the relationship between psychotic symptoms and suicidality or other psychopathology.

Methodology

As part of a community study, a 50-minute self -reported screening questionnaire which included one item designed to assess psychotic symptoms (auditory hallucinations) was administered to 900 adolescents aged 14 years in community schools, in Cork, Ireland. The following question (“Have you ever heard voices or sounds that no one else can hear?”) was used as it has been shown previously to have best predictive power (Kelleher., 2009). Other screening questions assessed suicidality and other psychopathology. Detailed clinical interviews by experienced child and adolescent psychiatrists were subsequently carried out with some of these adolescents who endorsed a positive answer to screening questions.

Results

We plan to calculate the sensitivity and specificity and positive predictive value for the specific screening symptom on auditory hallucinations and its relationship to psychopathology as verified on clinical interview.

Conclusion

Our results will be of value to those engaged in treating children and adolescents with psychiatric disorder and will inform on the clinical significance of a positive answer to a screening question on auditory hallucinations in adolescence.
P01-238 - Alopecia universalis causes serious personality derangements: first report of negative impact of a medical condition on personality (279 patients)
Authors: Pirkalani K.
Published: June 2010

Objective

To evaluate the reason of major behavioral problems in patients with alopecia universalis, we tried to examine by way of the Millon's MCMI- III whether these signs are transient or ingrained.

Methods

Patients with alopecia universalis (279 consecutive) were studied before and 3 months after treatment with MCMI-III and scheduled psychiatric interview. They were stratified in regard to sex, age, socioeconomic class, age of onset of alopecia (before or after 18yrs.) and response. The results were compared with 3000 normal examinees.

Results

There was significant preponderance of personality disorders among patients with early onset (p< 0.003) but not late onset (p=0.1) alopecia including schizotypal, schizoid, self defeating, borderline and avoidant personalities compared to the general population. This was not affected by treatment. (p< 0.004) All alopecia patients showed higher scales in axis II disorders including depression, anxiety, drug abuse, alcohol abuse in addition to major thought disorders. (Overall p< 0.02) These were ameliorated with treatment of alopecia. These data were confirmed by scheduled interviews.

Conclusion

This is the first report of severe personality disorder in the context of a medical condition. We conclude that childhood onset chronic illnesses can cause serious personality disorders that are a stronger predictor than genetics or learned behavior encompassed in previous theories on personality. Alopecia universalis has a more sustained effect due to jeopardizing the development of self image.
P01-240 - Influence of intrafamily relations on level of uneasiness of children
Authors: Pugach E. , Simonenko E. , Tsapro N.
Published: June 2010

Research objective

Diagnostics of level of uneasiness at children with damage intrafamily relations and working out of the recommendation about the most effective methods of psychocorrectional work.

Objective

64 persons took part In research. From them 38 maidens. (59,3%), 26 it is small. (40,6%). The age of the surveyed has made from 6 till 10 years.

Methods

1)

a technique of measurement of level of uneasiness of Taylor (adaptation by Norakidze),

2)

projective techniques: «family Drawing», and «the Nonexistent animal».

Results

At 46 people (71,8%) high level of uneasiness is revealed; at 18 foreheads (28,1%) the uneasiness average level-was revealed; uncertainty in and a low self-estimation (р≤0,05).

More often the surveyed mark such features in intrafamily mutual relations as: verbal aggression from members of a family to the examinee, critical noticed and neglect interests of the child, and as absence of joint activity with parents.

Conclusions

Presence of uneasiness, a low self-estimation and sensation of emotional isolation, specify on family desadaptation and use of inadequate approaches in education. In system of complex psychocorrectional work with children of the given contingent, it is expedient to apply a method of group psychotherapy with relaxation elements (respiratory and muscular), dreams therapy.
P01-243 - Depression in Adolescents
Authors: Ruiz Peña M. , Iglesias Hernández M.I. , Madueño Caro A.J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

About 27% of teenagers have some type of mental health disorder such as anxiety, depression and substance abuse. Depression is a serious disorder, most common in teenagers and often goes unnoticed. However, they can be detected early by teachers and we have effective treatments. Studies in European countries estimated the prevalence of adolescent depression around 12.55%, being more frequent in women. The prevalence increases with age and there are population studies that suggest that the high prevalence of depression is common in adolescents. One of the most important and most frequently associated with depression is suicide, becoming a serious health problem and constitute the third leading cause of death among adolescents between 15 and 24.

Objetives

To estimate the prevalence of depression in adolescents in Spain. Rate sociodemographic variables associated.

Methods

Study desing: Observational, descriptive.

Study scope: Primary Care Health.

Subject of the study: Spanish students of 14 to 18 years old.

Variables to measure:Depression: Beck's depression index. Sociodemographics: Age, sex, course, repeater, number of siblings, smoker, drinker, toxic consumer, marital status of parents.

Sample size: It is calculated by accepting a signification level of 95%. A sample size of 2347 patients is estimated, including losses.

Results

We will do an univariate analysis of qualitative variables by frequency and quantity by the mean, median and standard deviation. We will do a bivariate analysis using chi-square for qualitative variables and t test and ANOVA for qualitative as quantitative. Logistic regression will assess the factors that are associated with depression.
P01-244 - Psychiatric Emergency Department of an Adult General Hospital - a Look into the Adolescents
Authors: Santo S. , Manuel A.
Published: June 2010

Objective

To describe a cohort of adolescents presenting to an emergency department with mental health problems.

Methods

An Emergency Department (ED) computerized record system and hospital records were used to obtain data on adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years who presented to an ED of a General Hospital with emotional or behavioural problems.

Results

There were 213 presentations of 182 adolescents in a 12-month period. 77% were female, 56% were 16 or 17 years old, 8% did not live with immediate or extended family. There was a wide variety of presenting symptoms including anxiety, self-harm, suicide attempts (14,5% presented with suicidal behaviour), behavioural disorders, depression, eating disorders, acute psychosis, developmental disability, substance abuse. Psychosocial problems were frequent. Medication was prescribed in 38% of the presentations and 7.5% of the cases were admitted to a psychiatry ward. 54% had no previous psychiatric history.

Conclusions

Many adolescents with mental health problems had no previous or current treatment and were referred to local mental health resources for further evaluation. Psychiatric ED evaluations are an opportunity for recognition of risk factors, screening and early intervention in youth with mental health disorders and their management involves collaborative efforts with multidisciplinary services.
P01-246 - Self Esteem and Self Evaluation During Adolescence. The Contribution of the Rey-Weinstein
Authors: Schweitzer M. , Weinstein G. , Puig-Verges N.
Published: June 2010

Numerous studies have focused on concepts of self esteem during the period of adolescence, but studies about self portrayal or self image are less frequent. They find their sources in the theories of the contemporary psychoanalytical schools about narcissism and “the Self”concept.

The reference to the “Self” is more frequently found in Anglo-Saxon studies. The focus is on the links between “The Self” and subjective experience as well as construction of personal identity in relation with developmental psychopathology. The construction of personal identity is due to a very complex process: the person has to figure up his own physical and psychic features and at the same time has to live in social interaction.

In reference to a developmental and psychogenetic approach, the interactions between the “Self” and the group will play an important role during the period of adolescence. It is necessary to focus on the identity process in reference with parental psychopathology and environment.

The contribution of the Rey- Weinstein test is focussed precisely on this double approach:

André Rey whose concerns were mainly on development and construction of personality created this test, modernized by G. Weinstein, both authors aiming to explore the field of

self image. By doing the test, the adolescent is asked to self evaluate himself on physical, intellectual, social and psychic features and to figure up how he would be evaluated by people surrounding him.

Projection of fears and desires, various levels of identifications sustain the self evaluation process and create a specific dynamic during the assessment.

In this clinical interactive prospect, the Rey Weinstein self evaluation test and in addition the

N. PUIG VERGES AND G.WEINSTEIN self portrait test contribute to the explore the self evaluation process and allow the adolescent to understand the way he lives, the way he builds his self experience and his own identity.
P01-248 - Comparison of the Emotional Stroop Effect on Korean Children with ADHD and Emotional Disorder
Authors: Shin M.S. , Do R. , Park M.Y.
Published: June 2010

Objective

In classical stroop task ADHD children show core deficit in interference control in the condition of the incongruent color word: more errors and slower speed. In previous studies children with emotional disorder were found to show attentional bias in emotional stroop task in which children are asked to name quickly the color of emotional words such as ‘anxious’, ‘worried’, ‘sad’ and ‘disappointed’, while ignoring the meaning of the words. The aim of this study was to evaluate emotional stroop effect between ADHD and emotional disordered children to investigate attentional bias toward emotional stimuli.

Methods

The subjects were 22 ADHD children and 14 children who have emotional disorder, including anxiety, tic or depressive disorder. Classical stroop task as well as emotional stroop task, IQ test, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children(STAIC) and Children's Depression Inventory(CDI) were administered individually to all children.

Results

1.

Children with emotional disorder obtained higher CDI and STAIC scores than ADHD children.

2.

There were no significant group difference in emotional stroop task between children with emotional disorder and ADHD even after controlling IQ.

Conclusions

We could not found that children with emotional disorder show more attentional bias toward anxiety or depression-relevant stimuli than ADHD children. Further research with large subjects and more sophisticated assessment of emotional problem is needed to elucidate emotional stroop effect.
P01-251 - Conversion Disorder in Pre-school Children: a Case-report of Conversion Blindness
Authors: Tavares S. , Soares M. , Garrido J.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To describe a case of conversion disorder in a pre-school girl, affecting the sensory functions.

Materials and methods

The authors revise the specific characteristics of this disorder in pre-school children and highlight its differences from adult's common pictures. With that purpose they describe a case of a 5 year's old girl who attended the ER with sudden blindness complaints. She was admitted for observation and investigation. All possible organic causes where excluded. She was then referred to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry emergency consultation. She was diagnosed with Conversion Disorder triggered by a familiar stressful situation and was medicated with diazepam. Her vision recovered suddenly within a few hours.

Results and conclusions

Although common among adolescents and older children, conversion disorder is a rare entity among pre-school children. The affected function in this age group is usually the motor function, but in rare cases it can affect the sensory functions causing deafness or blindness. This seems to be associated with stressful events but also has a strong familiar component, where imitation of adult's behaviors and familiar gains take major roles.
P01-253 - Risk Behaviour and Frequensy of Using Psichoactive Substances Among Adolescents
Authors: Spremo M.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Adolescence characterize frequent psychical crisis which are result of biological development, looking for own identity, changes in family relation and many socio-cultural influences. Many of social, economic, other environmental factors make some changes in adolescent population. The main objective was finding how many adolescents had risk behavior and subsequences oftener sexual intercourse and aggressive behavior.

Methods

Research has done in Banjaluka's high schools, involved 202 adolescents age 18 (51 male, 151 female) which are separate in two groups. Adolescents who consumed psychoactive substances were in experimental group and control group involve adolescents who don’t use psychoactive substances. In research used risk behavior questionnaire Q-2000 (K.B. Kelly, 2000).

Results

Out of total number of individuals in the study, 35,6% was cigarette smokers, 56,9% consumed alcohol, 20,2% consumed marijuana, and sexual intercourse 21,7% (75% used contraceptive methods). Adolescents which used alcohol oftener had sexual intercourse(27,8%, p= 0,026) than adolescents who don’t drink (13,8%), and 29,5% was aggressive in last year. Similar results was found in groups with marijuana and tobacco. Group which used marijuana 34,1% (p= 0,052) had sexual intercourse than group who don’t smoke cannabis (18,6%) and they were aggressive 41,8%. Group which used tobacco had sexual intercourse 34,7% (p=0,0017) than group nonsmokers (14,6%), and aggressive behavior 30,5%.

Conclusion

Adolescents are prone to abuse of psychoactive substances in developing countries. The consequence is higher risk behavior such as violence and promiscuity. Research will be conducted to develop preventive and educational programs in schools.
P01-254 - Living with Tics: Development and Pilot Examination of a Psychosical Treatment to Improve Resilience and Coping in Youth with Tics
Authors: Storch E. , Caporino N. , Morgan J. , Piacentini J. , Murphy T.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Many youth with tics experience distress about having tics and how others may perceive them. Such symptoms are often more impairing and distressing than are the tics and negatively impact self-concept, functioning, and quality of life. Although treatments exist that target the frequency and severity of tics, no intervention has been developed that helps youth with tics cope with their condition and limit associated functional impairment and distress. Given this, we developed a cognitive-behaviorally oriented psychotherapy protocol that promotes adaptive coping and resiliency among youth with tics in addressing varied issues commonly experienced by this population. This poster reports data from the Phase I component of this study.

Method

Phase I concentrated on developing the treatment protocol through expert opinion coupled with focus groups with parents and children with a tic disorder. Based on this, we developed a preliminary manual and piloted it in 6 youth with tics who met relevant inclusion/exclusion criteria. Phase II involves a preliminary test of the protocol in that focuses primarily on feasibility issues. All subjects participated in assessments (Screening, Baseline, Post-treatment) conducted by a blinded independent evaluator.

Results

Only Phase I data will be presented as Phase II is ongoing. Descriptive statistics related to improvement rates; tic severity; child self-esteem and self-efficacy; and child internalizing symptoms will be reported. Qualitative data from the focus groups will also be presented regarding domains of impairment for youth with tics.

Conclusions

This treatment shows early promise of helping youth with tics cope with their condition.