bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expert system of food sensory evaluation for mobile and tablet
Authors:   V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Talalikhina str., 26, Moscow, Russia, 109316, Nikitina Marina , Ivashkin Yuri ,   Moscow Technical University Communication and Informatics, Aviamotornaya str., 8a, Moscow, Russia, 111024
Published: December 2019

One of the main directions of statistics in sensory evaluation is an assessment of the dependence between experimental variables and measured characteristics. Statistical criteria are used to assess a degree of interaction between variables, a level of experimental effects, and allow accepting or rejecting hypothesis proposed. In sensory evaluation, people act as measurement instruments, and a variation associated with the human factor arises. This proves that the use of statistical methods is necessary. This article represents a network computer system for collection and evaluation of food sensory indicators based on the methods of rank correlation and multifactorial analysis of variance in real time. The article describes information technology of expert sensory evaluation of food quality by individual panelists and sensory panels regarding the indicators that are not measured by technical means of control, based on client-server network architecture. The software implementation of system for collecting and statistical processing of sensory data based on the principles of multifactorial analysis of variance in real-time mode makes it possible to evaluate the influence of the human factor on objectiveness and reliability of sensory evaluation results, as well as to visualize the data of expert scores by various expert panels.
Modelling and forecasting of quasi-periodic processes in technical objects based on cylindrical image models
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venets street, 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027, Krasheninnikov Victor , Kuvayskova Yulia ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venets street, 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027
Published: December 2019

Accurate forecasting of the state of technical objects is necessary for effective management. The technical condition of the object is characterized by a system of time series of monitored indicators. The time series often have difficultly predictable irregular periodicity (quasi-periodicity). In this paper, to improve the accuracy of such series forecasting, models of quasi-periodic processes in the form of samples of a cylindrical image are used. The application of these models is demonstrated by forecasting of a hydraulic unit vibrations. It is shown that the use of these models provides a higher accuracy of prediction compared with the classical approaches.
Методология развития человеческого капитала с позиций цифровой экономики
Authors: Борщ Людмила Михайловна , Жарова Амина Римасовна
Published: December 2019

В эпоху развития научно-технического прогресса, модернизации и инновационного развития исследования воспроизводства человеческого капитала охватывают широкие горизонты взаимозависимых и взаимосвязанных, значимых для экономической теории, актуальных практик.
Цель исследования заключается в выработке адекватных концептов и методологии развития и воспроизводства человеческого капитала в разрезе цифровой экономики. Для достижения цели были выполнены следующие задачи: исследованы современные научные понимания сущности воспроизводства человеческого капитала; рассмотрен человеческий капитал как драйвер развития экономического роста страны; разработана методология воспроизводства человеческого капитала; определен алгоритм развития человеческого капитала. В процессе исследования применялся целостный подход при рассмотрении человеческого капитала, как системы экономических отношений, в системе хозяйственной деятельности, и накоплении профессиональных качеств на протяжении жизни. Основные императивы целостного подхода при формировании воспроизводственных процессов человеческого капитала способны интегрировать в себе другие методологические подходы. Инвестиционный подход, где инвестиции выступают основным фактором развития, способствует к переходу в деятельностный подход. В процессе формирования алгоритма развития человеческого капитала дано авторское обоснование основных дефиниций «инновационный потенциал» и «инновационная деятельность», проанализированы их основные особенности в системе функционирования экономической системы. Авторское видение этих двух дефиниций, выраженных в едином процессе, позволяет рассматривать их как ключевое соединяющее звено инновационного потенциала и инновационной деятельности в экономической системе. В данном процессе проявляется новое качество элементов и звеньев, в форме достигнутого интегрального результата деятельности, что проявляется в виде нового продукта. Внедряя в процессы производства достижения научно-технического прогресса, новые наукоемкие производственные мощности, происходит дифференцированное появление множества новых компетенций. Данные компетенции человек осваивает для перехода на следующий уровень своего развития, отсюда происходят воспроизводственные процессы развития человеческого капитала. Сформированы концептуальные положения сущности воспроизводства человеческого капитала, на основании анализа генезиса экономической мысли. Выявлены закономерности воздействия рыночных отношений в процессе эволюционных концептов воспроизводственных процессов человеческого капитала влияющие на повышение требований к биологическим свойствам человека. На воспроизводственные процессы человеческого потенциала влияет развитие цифровой экономики, научно-технического прогресса, развитие наукоемких, высокотехнологических производств.
Characterization of Bacillus subtilis clones surviving overproduction of Zeta, a pSM19035 plasmid-encoded toxin.
Authors: Nowakowska Beata , Kern-Zdanowicz Izabela , Zielenkiewicz Urszula , Cegłowski Piotr
Published: December 2019

The postsegregational killing system of pSM19035 plasmid consists of the proteins Zeta and Epsilon, a toxin and an antidote, respectively. Zeta mutants were isolated with the use of Bacillus subtilis strain with the zeta gene under control of an inducible promoter integrated into the chromosome. Results of mutant analysis point to the amino terminal part of the Zeta protein as being responsible for the toxicity.
Overexpression of genes involved in phytochelatin biosynthesis in Escherichia coli: effects on growth, cadmium accumulation and thiol level.
Authors: Wawrzyńska Anna , Wawrzyński Adam , Gaganidze Dali , Kopera Edyta , Piatek Katarzyna , Bal Wojciech , Sirko Agnieszka
Published: December 2019

In Escherichia coli, heterologous production of Schizosaccharomyces pombe phytochelatin synthase (PCS) along with overproduction of E. coli serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase (gammaECS) was achieved and resulted in the accumulation of phytochelatins in bacterial cells. Overproduction of either gammaECS alone or simultaneous production of all three proteins in bacterial cells were accompanied by reduced growth rate in liquid cultures. Interestingly, bacteria overproducing either gammaECS or both SAT and gammaECS (with elevated level of gamma-glutamylcysteine but not of phytochelatins) were able to accumulate more cadmium per dry weight than the control. However, the most efficient cadmium accumulation was observed in bacteria with elevated levels of all three proteins: SAT, gammaECS and PCS. Therefore, "pushing" the entire pathway might be the most promising approach in modification of bacteria for potential bioremediation purposes because the level of intermediates, cysteine and glutathione, can limit the rate of production of phytochelatins. However, in such bacteria other metabolic process might become limiting for efficient growth.
The occurrence of polyprenols in seeds and leaves of woody plants.
Authors: Chouda Marcin , Jankowski Wiesław
Published: December 2019

The contents of the heterogenous group of polyisoprenoids was found about two orders of magnitude lower in seeds than the amount of polyprenols and/or their carboxylic esters accumulated during vegetation season in leaves. In contrast to leaves, no seeds were found containing more than 0.5 mg of these lipids per gram of dry tissue. Almost 50% had less than 0.01 mg/g - the amount which is the limit of detection by the procedure used in this work. In gymnosperms (10 representatives of Cupressaceae, Pinaceae and Taxaceae) the polyprenol spectra in seeds and in needles were similar. In angiosperms (25 representatives of 13 botanical families) the polyisoprenoid mixture in seeds resembled the minor, additional subfamily found in leaves.
Dolichols of the fern Matteucia struthiopteris.
Authors: Wojtas Magdalena , Bieńkowski Tomasz , Zelman-Femiak Monika , Tateyama Seiji , Sagami Hiroshi , Chojnacki Tadeusz , Danikiewicz Witold , Swiezewska Ewa
Published: December 2019

Dolichols isolated from leaves of the fern Matteucia struthiopteris were present as a mixture of prenologues composed of 14 up to 20 isoprene units with Dol-16 dominating. They comprised approximately 0.004% of the fresh weight of fresh plant tissue and were accompanied by traces of polyprenols (Pren-14 up to Pren-17, Pren-16 dominating). Their structure was confirmed by electropray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This is the first time that dolichols have been reported as dominating polyisoprenoid alcohols in plant photosynthetic tissue.
Râşid El-Gannûşî’nin Demokrasi ve Laiklik Anlayışı
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Aysel , BAĞLIOĞLU Ahmet
Published: December 2019

Tunuslu düşünür ve
siyasetçi olan Râşid el-Gannûşî çağdaş İslam düşüncesine, demokrasi ve İslâm
arasındaki ilişkiyi yeniden düşünüp yorumlaması, sivil toplum dilini yeniden
tanımlaması ve sivil toplum ile laiklik kavramlarının bağdaşmadığı şeklindeki
düşünceleri ile katkı sağlamış bir mütefekkirdir. Onun temel düşüncesi; sömürge
sonrası Tunus’taki diktatoryaya karşı demokrasi ve çoğulculuğu savunmasıdır. O,
“şûrâ” kavramına yüklediği anlam ile aslında demokrasinin İslâm’ın özünde de
var olduğunu iddia eder. Fakat İslâm’ın demokrasi ile uyumlu olduğunu iddia
etmekle birlikte modern liberal demokrasi türlerinin laiklik temelleri
sebebiyle Müslüman dünyasına uymadığının da altını çizer. Bu makalede günümüz
siyaset anlayışına sunulmuş bir zenginlik olarak değerlendirilebilecek olan Gannûşî’nin
demokrasi ve laiklik anlayışı ele alınacaktır.
El retiro de la acusación en Colombia
Authors: Medina García Daniel
Published: December 2019

El retiro de la acusación es una decisión del ente acusador admisible en ciertos sistemas de tendencia acusatoria; sin embargo, en el sistema adop­tado en Colombia su aceptación no está exenta de críticas y observaciones, y por esto, para determinar si es admisible o no en nuestro Estado, se hace un estudio de la acusación y sus vicisitudes en nuestro ordenamiento procesal penal, llegando a la conclusión de que esta decisión unilateral del ente acu­sador no es admisible.
Metas de aprendizaje y rasgos de personalidad como predictores del bienestar en cadetes de una institución policial
Authors: Nieri Liliana Paola , Fritzler Iván
Published: December 2019

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo investigar si la motivación académica y los rasgos de personalidad predicen el bienestar de los cadetes de policía, a la vez que se analizaron diferencias en el bienestar según sexo y edad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 411 cadetes con una media de edad de 24.08 años (DT = 3.18) pertenecientes a una institución policial estatal. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: el BFI (Big Five Inventory), EMA – M (Escala de Metas de Aprendizaje), MHC-SF (Mental Health Continuum – Short Form) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron comprobar que los mayores predictores positivos del bienestar fueron extraversión (t = 3.412; ß = .157; p < .01); agradabilidad (t = 2.901; ß = .144; p < .01); responsabilidad (t = 3.851; ß = .195; p < .001) y metas en relación con el aprendizaje y el dominio de los conocimientos (t = 2.446; ß = .103; p < .05). De igual manera se halló que el único predictor negativo fue el rasgo de personalidad neuroticismo (t = -3.555; ß = -.184; p < .01). Asimismo, se encontró que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la dimensión bienestar social (t(410) = 1.816; p <.05) entre hombres y mujeres. Finalmente, se halló que la dimensión bienestar psicológico variaba según edad (F(2,411); p < .05), donde el grupo de mayor edad presenta mayores niveles de bienestar psicológico. En cuanto al bienestar total (F (2,411); p < .05), se encontró que, a mayor edad, mayor es el bienestar total. En vista de los resultados obtenidos, puede afirmarse que tanto la personalidad como la motivación por el aprendizaje son variables que predicen el bienestar total de los estudiantes. Asimismo, se deja constancia que los niveles de bienestar varían en función del género y la edad.
The Implementation and Comparison of Calculation Methods of Natural Torsional Vibrations for Reciprocating Compressors
Authors: Degtyareva T.S. , Surkov G.S.
Published: December 2019

The problem of torsional vibrations is relevant for reciprocating compressors due to the occurrence of alternating torques that create additional torsional stresses during operation. Such vibrations are particularly dangerous in resonance frequencies when the first natural vibration frequency coincides with the harmonic component of the lower order of forced vibrations. This article analyzes the methods described in the literature for calculating natural torsional frequencies of crankshafts of multirow reciprocating compressors. Recommendations are given on selecting an appropriate calculation method at various design stages. The analytical dependencies that describe three various methods are presented: the iterative method based on moments equation, the method of continued fractions (Tersky’s method) and the matrix method. The stages of calculation are described analytically, and the calculation results are compared. The developed computational software is presented.
The Influence of the Angular Coordinate of a Fixed Gear Wheel on the Kinematic Error of a Harmonic Drive
Authors: Lyuminarsky I.E. , Lyuminarsky S.E. , Ivanov Y.S.
Published: December 2019

When designing harmonic drives, it is important to address the issue of reducing the kinematic error of the drive occurring due to the deformation of the flexible gear, radial oscillations of the cam, manufacturing and installation errors of the gears. Conventionally, this problem is solved by increasing the accuracy class of the gears and the parts where manufacturing errors impact the accuracy of cam installation. A mathematical model is proposed that enables researchers to study the dependency of the kinematic error of the harmonic drive on various factors already at the design stage. Calculation techniques are developed that take into account elastic interaction between the main elements of the drive as well as manufacturing and installation errors. The results of theoretical studies of the influence of the angular position of the flexible and rigid gears on the kinematic error of a harmonic drive with a cam wave generator are presented. The possibility of reducing the kinematic error by turning the fixed gear is proven.
Grading the evidence and writing the clinical bottom line
Authors: Cockcroft Peter
Published: December 2019

The clinical bottom line in a Knowledge Summary provides the reader with a qualified answer to the clinical question posed.
It is important that this section has a consistent format and that the readers are able to understand what the clinical bottom line means and how to interpret the information.
THE INTERPRETATION OF “FIRE” IN INDONESIAN AND ENGLISH PROVERBS: A COGNITIVE SEMANTICS ANALYSIS
Authors: Aqromi Nur Lailatul
Published: December 2019

It is believed that proverbs from each nation reflect the nation’s thoughts and characters. Based on the relationship between human conceptualization and language reflected in proverbs, then this study attempts to examine Indonesian proverb and English proverb by using a cognitive semantics approach. The data are taken from Indonesian proverb and English proverb containing api or “fire” word as it is one of the natural symbols of human life. Furthermore, based on the comparison of 7 Indonesian proverbs and 8 English proverbs containing api or “fire” word, the results of the study show that there are two categories created: first, proverbs in the same form and meaning including the risk mapping, anger and work; second, proverbs from the same form but different meanings. 
Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Çekimlerinde Hastanın Yakın Çevresinde Radyasyon Dozu Ölçümleri
Authors: Günay Osman , Demir Mustafa
Published: December 2019

İyonize
radyasyonun en yoğun kullanıldığı görüntüleme yöntemlerinden biri bilgisayarlı
tomografi (BT) dir. Bilgisayarlı tomografi çekimlerinde X-ışınları kullanılır.
Çekim sırasında X-ışınlarının bir kısmı, radyasyon fiziği yasalarına göre
hastadan ve sistemden çevreye saçılır. Bu saçılan radyasyondan kaynaklanan radyasyon
dozunun belirlenmesi hasta, hastaya eşlik etme zorunda kalan hasta yakını ve sağlık
çalışanları açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı BT görüntülemesi sırasında
hastadan ve ortamdaki çeşitli materyallerden çevreye yayılan radyasyondan
kaynaklanan dozunun belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmada insan eşdeğeri olan Alderson
Rando fantomun göğüs ve baş-boyun BT görüntülemesi yapıldı. BT görüntüleme
sırasında fantomdan 10, 20, 30 ve 40 cm uzaklıklara termolüminisans
dozimetreler (TLD) yerleştirilerek radyasyon dozu ölçümleri yapıldı TLD
dozimetrelerin kalibrasyonları ve okumaları Çekmece Nükleer Araştırmalar
Merkezinde yapıldı. Göğüs BT görüntülemede çevreye saçılan ortalama radyasyon
dozunun 6.75±1.07
µSv
ile 21.68±1.45 µSv arasında değiştiği belirlendi. Baş-boyun
görüntülemede ise çevreye saçılan ortalama radyasyon dozunun 8.38±0.81 µSv ile 26.57±0.98 µSv
arasında değiştiği belirlendi. Çekim sırasında hastaya eşlik etmek zorunda
kalan şahısların doz maruziyetlerinin müsaade edilen limitlerin altında olduğu tespit
edildi.
Alfonso Reyes y la literatura mexicana en la Revue de l’Amérique Latine (1922-1932)
Authors: Pulido Herráez Begoña
Published: December 2019

El artículo se propone estudiar la presencia de la literatura mexicana en la Revue de l’Amérique Latine, publicada en París entre 1922 y 1932, con el fin de conocer aspectos de la difusión de la literatura hispanoamericana en Francia, en la revista más importante sobre América Latina del decenio de 1920. Se trata asimismo de conocer las formas del diálogo trasatlántico entre México y Francia en el mismo periodo. Se destaca la participación de Alfonso Reyes (representante diplomático en Francia entre 1925 y 1927) en la Revue y su vinculación con el grupo editor. Reyes es el intelectual mexicano más traducido y editado en la revista; al mismo tiempo, de entre las publicaciones francesas en las que se reseña y traduce la obra del intelectual regiomontano, es en la Revue de l’Amérique Latine donde la presencia es mayor. Se concluye señalando el papel de esta revista en la difusión de la obra de Reyes en Francia en la década de los veinte.
Crónica narrativa contemporánea: enfoques, deslindes y desafíos metodológicos
Authors: Poblete Alday Patricia
Published: December 2019

La crónica narrativa actual exhibe una serie de particularidades que no sólo vuelven interesante su estudio, sino que nos obliga, como investigadores, a replantear nuestras estrategias y herramientas analíticas. Sobre esa hipótesis, este texto aborda una serie de crónicas mexicanas contemporáneas, que tematizan las diferentes aristas de la violencia y el mal, para proponer una lectura crítica interdisciplinaria, que es la que creemos demanda este tipo de textos. Teniendo como eje comparativo los relatos de terror clásicos, focalizaremos aquí dos de los aspectos más llamativos de estas crónicas: a nivel temático, la reelaboración del motivo del “mal lugar”; y a nivel de la estructura, el valor de los silencios y huecos, tanto narrativos como referenciales.
Viaje y nación en la literatura mexicana (1836-1870). Tres casos: Carpio, Altamirano y México y sus alrededores
Authors: Bobadilla Encinas Gerardo Francisco
Published: December 2019

Diversas manifestaciones de la literatura mexicana del siglo XIX articularon una serie de resoluciones éticas y estéticas, que contribuyeron en la definición y consolidación de un imaginario colectivo en torno al hombre y la naturaleza propios. Se buscaba, así, dar sentido y trascendencia cultural al proyecto de nación que entonces surgía.Como se plantea en este trabajo, el motivo literario del viaje y su perspectiva fueron los detonantes a partir de los que se configuró ese imaginario cultural sobre el cual se concreta y cobra significado el concepto y la imagen de lo mexicano, como lo revelan algunos textos representativos.
Twitter y poesía no creativa por Karen Villeda y Denise Audirac en su obra POETuitéame
Authors: Escandell Montiel Daniel
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo estudia la obra de poesía digital POETuitéame de las autoras mexicanas Karen Villeda y Denise Audirac desde las teorías del arte conceptual y la escritura no creativa desarrolladas por Kenneth Goldsmith y la apropiación y resemantización semionáutica de Nicolas Bourriaud. Para ello, en primer lugar, se establece una panorámica desde el punto de vista principal de la recepción de la poesía digital, culminando en la eclosión de la tuitpoesía como muestra de las escrituras de la red social de tipo poético. Esta base tuitpoética es esencial para la ejecución final de la obra de Villeda y Audirac. En segundo lugar, se abordan las teorías de Goldsmith y Bourriaud como eje principal para, finalmente, proceder con la aproximación al estudio final de la obra y sus implicaciones no creativas y semionáuticas como ejecución conceptual de una escritura 2.0.
Otro poeta en Nueva York. Gilberto Owen en Los ingrávidos (2011) de Valeria Luiselli
Authors: Vanden Berghe Kristine
Published: December 2019

En la primera novela de Valeria Luiselli, titulada Los ingrávidos (2011), el protagonismo de Gilberto Owen ilustra el deseo de la autora de dar una renovada visibilidad a ese escritor mexicano y, al mismo tiempo, de crearse una auto-imagen que legitime su propia actividad de escritora. Desarticulación del contenido, intertextualidad sostenida y recurrencia de la reflexión metaficcional, estos rasgos que presenta la práctica novelística de Luiselli coinciden con la de Owen y sugieren que reivindica un parentesco literario que la sitúa en una familia de escritores mexicanos de vanguardia. Esta filiación se hace aún más explícita porque Luiselli convierte a Owen en personaje literario de la novela (no sin exagerar algunos de los rasgos del poeta asociados frecuentemente a la figura del artista, como el alcoholismo o el fracaso relacional) y lo introduce como su propio doble.
Os materiais didáticos veiculados pelo Manual do Professor Primário do Paraná para o ensino da matemática na década de 1960
Authors: Rodrigues da Costa Reginaldo , Alexandre do Amaral Wagner
Published: December 2019

O presente texto trata dos materiais didáticos para o ensino da matemática indicados pelo Manual do Professor Primário do Paraná.  O questionamento que orientou este estudo foi: Que materiais didáticos eram indicados pelo Manual do Professor Primário do Paraná para o ensino da matemática nas escolas do estado na década de 1960? Amparado pela perspectiva da história cultural e dos conceitos de representação e apropriação o texto apresenta as orientações e os materiais didáticos indicados para o ensino da matemática na época e confrontados com referenciais como: Backheuser (1946), Costa (2016), Pinto (2016) e Pinheiro (2013). Foi possível identificar que os recursos e materiais didáticos expressavam uma concepção de ensino ativo e intuitivo, ou seja, o Manual do Professor Primário do Paraná seguia uma tendência que possibilitava ao aluno o contato com objetos que pudessem expressar conceitos e fatos matemáticos.
God in the Workplace: Religiosity and Job Satisfaction Among US Public Servants
Authors: Bednarczuk Michael
Published: December 2019

Given the myriad positive effects of job satisfaction, analyzing its determinants continues to be a much-examined topic in public administration. Research on religiosity in the public sector suggests that faith is uniquely important among bureaucrats. However, the direct effect of religiosity on public employee job outcomes remains unexamined. This study brings together these fields to examine the role that religiosity plays in job satisfaction among public servants. Using a framework that integrates religion into the public sector workplace, I hypothesize that religiosity will have a positive effect on job satisfaction. Drawing on data from the General Social Survey from 2000 to 2016 and through the estimation of an ordered logit model, the findings from this study support this hypothesis. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that religiosity has a direct impact in the public sector workplace. This finding has numerous implications for public mangers—ranging from management practice to service delivery.
Cardiac Hypertrophy in a Dish: A Human Stem Cell Based Model
Authors: Johansson Markus , Ulfenborg Benjamin , X Andersson Christian , Hagvall Sepideh , Jeppsson Anders , Sartipy Peter , Synnergren Jane
Published: December 2019

Cardiac hypertrophy is an important and independent risk factor for the development of heart failure. To better understand the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in cardiac hypertrophy, there is a need for improved in vitro models. In this study, we investigated how hypertrophic stimulation affected human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs). The cells were stimulated with endothelin-1 (ET-1) for 8, 24, 48, 72, or 96h. Parameters including cell size, ANP-, proBNP-, and lactate concentration were analyzed. Moreover, transcriptional profiling using RNA-sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes following ET-1 stimulation. The results show that the CMs increase in size by approximately 13% when exposed to ET-1 in parallel to increases in ANP and proBNP protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, the lactate concentration in the media was significantly increased indicating that the CMs consume more glucose, a hallmark of cardiac hypertrophy. Using RNA-seq, a hypertrophic gene expression pattern was also observed in the stimulated CMs. Taken together, these results show that hiPSC-derived CMs stimulated with ET-1 display a hypertrophic response. The results from this study also provide new molecular insights about the underlying mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and may help accelerate the development of new drugs against this condition.
The Effectiveness of Design Thinking Training in Increasing Intention of Innovative Behavior and Creativity
Authors: Hidajat Hajan
Published: December 2019

This study aims to empirically examine the effectiveness of design thinking training to improve the intention to behave innovatively and creatively. The research method used to carry out this research is the Quasi Experiment Method. The results of hypothesis testing using t-test showed that there was no significant difference in creativity scores between before and after the training treatment. This shows that Design Thinking training is not effective in increasing creativity. However, the two alternative hypotheses were tested using t-test showed that there were significant differences scores of innovative behavior intention before and after treatment of Design Thinking. This shows that Design Thinking training is effective in increasing the intention to behave innovative. This research is expected to contribute studies on the effectiveness of the Design Thinking training method and produce a training module that can be used in the entrepreneurial learning process. Based on the results of this study, Design Thinking training can be used as a method to encourage innovative behavior.

 

intensi berperilaku inovatif, kreativitas, design thinking, pelatihan design thinking
Influence of Religion, Culture and Education on Perception of Climate Change and its Implications: Applying Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
Authors: Sasaki Daisuke , Taafaki Irene , Uakeia Takuia , Seru Jennifer , McKay Yolanda , Lajar Hermon ,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University 468-1 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan,   Marshall Islands Campus, The University of the South Pacific, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands,   Kiribati Campus, The University of the South Pacific, Tarawa, Republic of Kiribati,   College of the Marshall Islands, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands
Published: December 2019

Currently, structural equation modeling (SEM) is widely used in the discipline of social sciences because of its capability in exploring causal relationships among variables. By applying SEM, this study aims to verify the hypothesis that there exist three fundamental factors (religion, culture, education) that influence the perception of climate change. The researchers took advantages of the output results of the questionnaire survey that had been conducted both in Majuro, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) and in Tarawa, Republic of Kiribati, in an international collaborative research project titled “How Religion, Culture and Education Influence the Perception of People about Climate Change.” The results indicated that the two cases, namely RMI and Kiribati, were similar; that is the basic structure of both cases in the background of climate change bears some resemblance. Meanwhile, it should be noted that the path coefficient from education to the perception of climate change in the case of Kiribati (0.86) is much higher than that in the case of RMI (0.47). Thus, it is implied that education may significantly influence the perception of people about climate change and its implications, both in RMI and Kiribati. Based on this finding, it is advocated that further efforts should be devoted to education so that the perception of people about climate change and its implications can get much clearer.
The Influence of Innovation Characteristics to Farmers’ Decision in Accepting Integrated Crop-Livestock Technology in Karanganyar Region, Central Java
Authors: Purnomo Sutrisno Hadi , Handayanta Eka , Hanifa Aqni , Wibowo Agung , Purnaningrum Mela
Published: December 2019

Farmer’s decision in accepting integrated crop-livestock farming technology was affected by a some factors, including innovation characteristic. This research aimed to figure out the influence of innovation characteristic (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, triability and observability) to farmer’s decision in adopting the innovation. The research was held in Ngargoyoso Subdistrict, Karanganyar Region, Central Java Province. Basic method used in this research was descriptive quantitative using purposive sampling technique to determine research location. Samples were determined using purposive sampling method with total number was 52 respondents. Data were analyzed using several analysis : data normality, validity, reliability, Oneway ANOVA, multiple linear regression and classic assumption. Oneway ANOVA test showed that farmers with different farming experience had different response in deciding to adopt the technology. Multiple linear regression test gave an equation Y = 2.379 + 0.369X1 + 0.213X2 + 0.080X3 + 0.777X4+ (-0.320X5) + e. The determination coefficient value (R2) is 0.647. The conclusion of this research was characteristic of innovation significantly influenced the farmers’ decision in accepting the integrated crop-livestock technology simultaneously, but partially only variable relative advantage and triability which significantly influenced to farmers’ decision in accepting the integrated crop-livestock technology innovation.
Analysis of the Torsional Stability of Split Phases
Authors: Sergey I. I. , Panamarenka Y. G. , Potachits Y. V. , Yudina N. A.
Published: December 2019

The specificity of overhead power lines is associated with the fact that the length of conductors between the supporting structures can reach tens of thousands of meters. Wires and their components are exposed to climatic factors, viz. wind, rain, ice, snow. As compared to other structural elements, conductors are of the highest flexibility and lowest rigidity, and, therefore, they are the most sensitive elements to these effects. Since the early fifties of the XX century, the increase in energy consumption has caused the construction of high and ultra-high voltage overhead lines with split phases. For these types of conductors, new forms of oscillations have been noticed in the areas between the struts, the essence of which is torqueing the split phase. As a result, there is a violation of the torsional stability of the phase: collision of wires in the middle of sub-span and friction of wires of stranded conductor against each other, which leads to damaging conductors and, as a consequence, to disruption of power supply to consumers. Almost any overhead lines may be subjected to oscillations of wires in the span under the influence of wind. One of the types of such mechanical oscillations is galloping, i. e. low-frequency oscillations of wires with an amplitude reaching the value of the boom of wire sagging, and, taking into account the possibility of elongation of the wire, even exceeding it. Fluctuations in the galloping can cause significant mechanical forces and last long enough to lead to the destruction of structural elements of power lines, viz. wires, insulators, fittings and even pillars. Due to the large amplitude of oscillations, conductors of neighboring phases can approach each other at an unacceptable distance, resulting in a short circuit. The boundary value problem of the torsional stability calculation of the split phase with a given multiplicity of splitting has been set and solved. The critical lengths of the sub-spans at which the stable violation of torsional stability is most likely have been determined. A computer program has been developed, which can be used in the design of high-voltage lines with split phase.
Improvement of the Method of Calculation of Steady-State Modes of Urban Electric Networks Taking into Account Consumer Energy Sources
Authors: Fursanov M. I. , Zalotoy A. A.
Published: December 2019

The method of calculation of the steady-state mode of the open city distribution electric network with small generation sources is offered. It is shown that the city electric network consists of passive and active physical elements. Passive elements include power transformers and linear regulators, overhead and cable power lines, current-limiting reactors, etc. Active elements of networks are power sources (transformer inputs of low voltage of feeding substations and distributed small generation sources) and loads, mathematical models of which can be various. Power sources in urban distribution networks of 10 kV and below are classified by type and power and can be of two kinds, viz. power feeding centers of the network and small generation sources. Consumer loads are modeled by current sources connected to network nodes. The parameters of the current sources are usually graphs of the change of the module of the actual current value and the power factor in time. The values of these parameters in single-line substitution schemes of 6–10 kV distribution networks with isolated neutral are assumed to be average for three phases. The power centers are transformer inputs of low voltage power substations of the main electric networks of 35 kV and above, equipped with digital devices of the account of the electric power connected to the automated system of control and accounting of power resources. The developed technique allows receiving the refined balanced calculation model of the steady mode of the open city network for the set time of the daily schedule. It includes the sequential distribution of the specified power of each network power supply between its loads, followed by clarification of flows and power losses in the sections, as well as voltages and actual loads in the nodes of the scheme by the overlay method.
Heat Resistance and Heat-and-Mass Transfer in Road Pavements
Authors: Khroustalev B. M. , Liu Tingguo . , Akeliev V. D. , Li Zhongyu . , Aliakseyeu H. Yu. , Zankаvich V. V.
Published: December 2019

The paper presents a fragment of on-going investigations directed on creation of optimal information environment that ensures an access to the R&D publications from the known scientific journals and other scientific serials which are necessary for qualitative execution of scientific and technological activities on priority areas in highway engineering. A citation analysis has been applied while using data of Journal Citation Reports for selection of world scientific publications which are necessary for execution of investigations on heat and mass transfer in road dressings. Their deformations occur under various climatic conditions due to heat and mass transfer processes, interaction of transport flows and road surface that leads to crack formation in depth and on the surface of road dressings. Structure of constructive layers especially which are created with the help of technogenic wastes (asphalt-, reinforced concrete, concrete, brick scrap and products of their recycling, various wastes of production etc.) exerts an influence on heat and mass transfer. The paper presents results of investigations on heat flows, boundary layers according to viscosity, air velocity, geometric characteristics, permeability, capillary pressures in materials. It has been shown that calculations based on principles of complex number usage have specific features in engineering practice: it is required to observe their accuracy in approaches, calculation reduction due to some accuracy degradation as a consequence of transition from complex numbers to their modules with exclusion of phase shift account and related with propagation of thermal waves. In this respect calculations of heat resistance without phase shifts are considered as rather important if they are in agreement with principles based on the fact that a complexity is characterized by thermal absorptivity of the material in a great number of calculations. The investigations have been supported by Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists, Grant Number GZS 2018006 (People’s Republic of China, Henan Province).
Preparation and Characterization of (Hyacinth plant / Chitosan) Composite as a Heavy Metal Removal
Authors: Et al. Taha
Published: December 2019

In this study, the preparation and characterization of hyacinth plant /chitosan composite, as a heavy metal removal, were done. Water hyacinth plant (Eichhorniacrasspes) was collected from Tigris river in Baghdad. The root and shoot parts of plant were ground to powder. Composite materials were prepared at different ratios of plant part (from 2.9% to 30.3%, wt /wt) which corresponds to (30-500mg) of hyacinth plant (root and shoot) and chitosan. The results showed that all examined ratios of plant parts have an excellent absorption to copper (Cu (II)). Moreover, it was observed that 2.9% corresponds (30mg) of plant root revealed highest removal (82.7%) of Pb (II), while 20.23% of shoot removed 61% of Cd (II) within 24 hr. On the other hand, SEM images displayed a regular shape and high porosity of prepared samples, while FTIR spectra of composite materials showed the characteristic of raw materials bands, which give strong evidence of composite formation.
Colorimetric Assay of Thiamine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Et al. Ahmad
Published: December 2019

A simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of thiaminehydrochloride has been developed. The method is based on the formation of the Schiff’s base between the primary amino group present in thiamine hydrochloride and aldehyde group present in the vanillin reagent to produce a yellow colored complex having maximum absorption at 390 nm. Beer’s law has obeaid over the concentration range of 2-28µg/mL, with molar absorptivity of 0.96x104L/mol.cm. The average recovery which is a measure of accuracy is 100±1.3% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than1.5 .The present method is considered to be simple because it does not need heating, hydrolysis and solvent extraction steps. The ingredients often formulated with thiamine and have been shown not to interfere, and is suitable for the routine determination of thiamine hydrochloride. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of thiamine hydrochloride in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations.
Comparative metabolomic analysis reveals the variations in taxoids and flavonoids among three Taxus species
Authors: Zhou Ting , Luo Xiujun , Zhang Chengchao , Xu Xinyun , Yu Chunna , Jiang Zhifang , Zhang Lei , Yuan Huwei , Zheng Bingsong , Pi Erxu , Shen Chenjia
Published: December 2019

Background Trees of the genus Taxus are highly valuable medicinal plants with multiple pharmacological effects on various cancer treatments. Paclitaxel from Taxus trees is an efficient and widely used anticancer drug, however, the accumulation of taxoids and other active ingredients can vary greatly among Taxus species. In our study, the metabolomes of three Taxus species have been investigated.Results A total of 2,246 metabolites assigned to various primary and secondary metabolic pathways were identified using an untargeted approach. Analysis of differentially accumulated metabolites identified 358 T. media -, 220 T. cuspidata -, and 169 T. mairei -specific accumulated metabolites, respectively. By searching the metabolite pool, 7 MEP pathway precursors, 11 intermediates, side chain products and derivatives of paclitaxel, and paclitaxel itself were detected. Most precursors, initiated intermediates were highly accumulated in T. mairei , and most intermediate products approaching the end point of taxol biosynthesis pathway were primarily accumulated in T. cuspidata and T. media . Our data suggested that there were higher-efficiency pathways to paclitaxel in T. cuspidata and T. media compared with in T. mairei . As an important class of active ingredients in Taxus trees, a majority of flavonoids were predominantly accumulated in T. mairei rather than T. media and T. cuspidata . The variations in several selected taxoids and flavonoids were confirmed using a targeted approach.Conclusions Systematic correlativity analysis identifies a number of metabolites associated with paclitaxel biosynthesis, suggesting a potential negative correlation between flavonoid metabolism and taxoid accumulation. Investigation of the variations in taxoids and other active ingredients will provide us with a deeper understanding of the interspecific differential accumulation of taxoids and an opportunity to accelerate the highest-yielding species breeding and resource utilization.
Lessons learned from engaging communities for Ebola vaccine trials in Sierra Leone: Reciprocity, relatability, relationships and respect (The Four R’s)
Authors: Dada Sara , McKay Gillian , Mateus Ana L. , Lees Shelley
Published: December 2019

Background

Building trust and engaging the community are important for biomedical trials. This was core to the set up and delivery of the EBOVAC-Salone and PREVAC Ebola vaccine trials in Sierra Leone during and following the 2014-2016 West African Ebola epidemic. Local community liaison teams (CLT) engaged with the community through public meetings, radio chat shows, and other activities, while a social science team (SST) assessed community members’ and participants’ perceptions and regularly updated the clinical team to adapt procedures to improve the acceptability and compliance of the trial. The objective of this study was to examine the community engagement (CE) program in these trials and to identify potential barriers and facilitators.Methods

Fifteen CLT and SST members participated in in-depth interviews and 23 community members attended three focus groups to discuss the Ebola vaccine trials and their experiences and perspectives of the CE activities.Results

A key aim of the CE program was to build trust between the community and the trial. Four main principles (the “four R’s”) evolved from the discussions with team members and the community that influenced this trust: reciprocity, relatability, relationships and respect. The CLT and SST ensured reciprocal communication between the trial team and the community. The CLT delivered key messages from the trial, whilst the SST completed ethnographic research in the field to uncover rumors and perceptions of the trial in the community. These ethnographic findings were shared with the CLT and addressed in targeted messaging to the community. Both the CLT and SST approached the communities in an egalitarian manner, by dressing modestly, speaking local dialects, and using relatable examples. Appreciation and understanding of the importance of interpersonal relationships and respect for the people, their customs, and traditions also played a large role in the CE program.Conclusion

These findings provide an in-depth understanding of how interdisciplinary community liaison and social science teams can work with a clinical team to strengthen trust. The four R’s suggest the ways in which trust relations are central to CE and confidence in vaccine trials, and could offer an approach to CE in vaccine trials.
Lessons learned from engaging communities for Ebola vaccine trials in Sierra Leone: Reciprocity, relatability, relationships and respect (The Four R’s)
Authors: Dada Sara , McKay Gillian , Mateus Ana L. , Lees Shelley
Published: December 2019

Background Building trust and engaging the community are important for biomedical trials. This was core to the set up and delivery of the EBOVAC-Salone and PREVAC Ebola vaccine trials in Sierra Leone during and following the 2014-2016 West African Ebola epidemic. Local community liaison teams (CLT) engaged with the community through public meetings, radio chat shows, and other activities, while a social science team (SST) assessed community members’ and participants’ perceptions and regularly updated the clinical team to adapt procedures to improve the acceptability and compliance of the trial. The objective of this study was to examine the community engagement (CE) program in these trials and to identify potential barriers and facilitators.Methods Fifteen CLT and SST members participated in in-depth interviews and 23 community members attended three focus groups to discuss the Ebola vaccine trials and their experiences and perspectives of the CE activities.Results A key aim of the CE program was to build trust between the community and the trial. Four main principles (the “four R’s”) evolved from the discussions with team members and the community that influenced this trust: reciprocity, relatability, relationships and respect. The CLT and SST ensured reciprocal communication between the trial team and the community. The CLT delivered key messages from the trial, whilst the SST completed ethnographic research in the field to uncover rumors and perceptions of the trial in the community. These ethnographic findings were shared with the CLT and addressed in targeted messaging to the community. Both the CLT and SST approached the communities in an egalitarian manner, by dressing modestly, speaking local dialects, and using relatable examples. Appreciation and understanding of the importance of interpersonal relationships and respect for the people, their customs, and traditions also played a large role in the CE program.Conclusion These findings provide an in-depth understanding of how interdisciplinary community liaison and social science teams can work with a clinical team to strengthen trust. The four R’s suggest the ways in which trust relations are central to CE and confidence in vaccine trials, and could offer an approach to CE in vaccine trials.