bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction: Evaluation of separation performance for eggshell-based reversed-phase HPLC columns by controlling particle size and application in quantitative therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Yoshii Tomoka , Nakano Kohei , Okuda Tomoaki , Citterio Daniel , Hiruta Yuki
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘Evaluation of separation performance for eggshell-based reversed-phase HPLC columns by controlling particle size and application in quantitative therapeutic drug monitoring’ by Tomoka Yoshii et al., Anal. Methods, 2023, 15, 1790–1796, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3AY00219E.
Recent advances in FRET probes for mitochondrial imaging and sensing
Authors: Peng Fei , Ai Xiangnan , Sun Jing , Yang Linshuai , Gao Baoxiang
Published: February 2024

This review comprehensively summarizes the applications of FRET-based probes in mitochondrial imaging and detection, providing crucial references and guidance for research in this field.
Probing current density distribution over a catalyst layer at the micrometer scale in a water electrolyzer
Authors: Pan Yaping , Liu Han , Liu Jiawei , Wen Linrui , Lao Kejie , Li Shuirong , Fang Xiaoliang , Wang Huakun , Tao Hua Bing , Zheng Nanfeng
Published: February 2024

The current density distribution over the catalyst layer was detected using a developed RuO2 probe.
Fabrication of a ZIF-on-lamella-zeolite architecture as a highly efficient catalyst for aldol condensation
Authors: Wang Tianlong , Liu Lin-an , Wu Huifang , Zhang Jiaxing , Feng Ziyi , Yan Xin , Wang Xinyu , Han Guoying , Feng Xiao , Ren Limin , Guo Xinwen
Published: February 2024

A ZIF-67/MWW composite catalyst is successfully prepared via a simple seeding-assisted regrowth strategy, where the MWW zeolite as a support plays an important role in the process of composite synthesis.
Flavin mononucleotide regulated photochemical isomerization and degradation of zeatin
Authors: Sun Xin , Zhao Jiang-Zhe , Wu Chuan-Shuo , Zhang Ke-Wei , Cheng Liang
Published: February 2024

In this work we present a novel biocompatible photochemical reaction based on flavin photosensitizers, which could selectively regulate cis-zeatin (cZ) through isomerization or degradation in living cells and rice.
ROS-responsive polyprodrug micelles carrying suicide genes in combination with chemotherapy and gene therapy for prostate cancer treatment
Authors: Li Kai , Tian Sinan , Sun Ke , Su Qingguo , Mei Yanhui , Niu Wenjie
Published: February 2024

A co-delivery system was prepared based on polyprodrug and low molecular weight polyethyleneimine. Triggered by the high level of ROS in tumor cells, the controlled release of HCPT and suicide genes can effectively kill prostate cancer cells.
The antibacterial activity of three zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks and zinc oxide nanoparticles derived from them
Authors: Khattami Kermanshahi Pouya , Akhbari Kamran
Published: February 2024

ZIF-4, ZIF-7 and ZIF-8 were synthesized and their antibacterial activity was evaluated. ZIF-8 showed the highest antibacterial property among the three types of MOFs and zinc oxide materials derived from them.
Metal-free carbon dot–microporous graphitic carbon heterojunctions as photocatalysts for CO2 reduction
Authors: Garcia-Mulero Ana , Cabrero-Antonino María , García Hermenegildo , Primo Ana
Published: February 2024

Photocatalysts containing carbon dots (CD) on microporous graphitic carbons prepared from α-cyclodextrin and preformed CDs are able to reduce CO2 in H2O/N(CH2CH2OH)3 forming CH4 and H2.
Extrinsic pseudocapacitive ultrathin 2D MoS2 nanoflakes clamped on 1D Sb2S3 nanorods: an advanced heterostructured anode for high-energy ammonium ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Marje Supriya J. , Tyagaraj Harshitha B. , Hwang Seung-Kyu , Ranjith Kugalur Shanmugam , Alhajri Ebrahim , Chodankar Nilesh R. , Huh Yun Suk , Han Young-Kyu
Published: February 2024

Nanorods of Sb2S3 serve as a 1D conductive core, and 2D MoS2 nanosheets offer abundant active sites with large interlayer galleries for facial ion movement during the charge–discharge process and improve the electrochemical performance.
Assessment and management of frequency stability in low inertia renewable energy rich power grids
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Ismail , Saha Sajeeb , Roy Tushar Kanti , Ghosh Subarto Kumar
Published: February 2024

The integration of the renewable energy sources (RESs) into the power grid, drives a significant transformation in the conventional power generation landscape. This transition from traditional synchronous generators to inverter based RESs introduces unique challenges in maintaining the grid frequency stability due to the reduced system inertia. The inherent stochastic nature of the RES power generation, load demand, and grid inertia includes further complexity in the assessment of frequency stability. Existing studies have limitations, including neglecting the stochastic nature of RES generation and load demand fluctuations, relying on limited metrics, and lacking a comprehensive day‐to‐day assessment. To address these shortcomings of the existing approaches, this paper introduces a novel methodology for assessing frequency stability in power grids with high RES penetration. It proposes three indices for evaluating grid frequency sensitivity, resiliency, and permissibility amidst varying RES integration. Utilizing a stochastic approach, the study incorporates uncertainties in RES generation and load demand, offering a comprehensive framework for day‐to‐day frequency stability analysis. Additionally, it presents a systematic method to ascertain the necessary inertial support for maintaining desired frequency reliability in RES‐dominated grids. The effectiveness of these methodologies is validated through a case study on a modified IEEE 39‐bus test system, demonstrating their applicability in ensuring reliable grid operation under high RES scenarios.
Diverse branch feature refinement network for efficient multi‐scale super‐resolution
Authors: Zhang Dacheng , Zhang Wei , Lei Weimin , Chen Xinyi
Published: February 2024

Despite the existence of various super‐resolution (SR) methods, most of them focus on designing models for specific upscaling factors rather than fully exploiting inter‐scale correlation to improve efficiency. In contrast, multi‐scale SR methods can effectively reduce the redundancy of network parameters by aggregating the feature extraction processes corresponding to multiple scales into a unified process. The aim of this study is to enhance the compactness and efficiency of the SR model. Thus, an efficient multi‐scale SR method called the diverse branch feature refinement network (DBFRN) is proposed. By decoupling the training process and inference process based on the idea of structural re‐parameterization, multi‐branch topology is adopted to enrich multi‐scale learning and merge branches to achieve efficient inference with equivalent effects. Specifically, two re‐parameterization strategies are designed and two corresponding feature refinement blocks for different feature levels in multi‐scale SR network. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed multi‐scale SR method is effective and efficient, and it can outperform advanced single‐scale methods in terms of quantity and quality.
SSA‐UNet: Whole brain segmentation by U‐Net with squeeze‐and‐excitation block and self‐attention block from the 2.5D slice image
Authors: Jiang Shaofeng , Chen Xingyan , Yi Chen
Published: February 2024

Whole brain segmentation from magnetic resonance images (MRI) is crucial in diagnosing brain diseases and analyzing neuroimaging data. Despite advances through deep learning, challenges such as uneven gray distribution and the presence of artifacts still present hurdles in medical image processing. These limitations are often a result of insufficient spatial contextual information and lack of attention to important regions within existing models. To address these issues, this paper presents SSA‐UNet (Squeeze‐and‐Excitation and Self‐Attention UNet), a uniquely designed deep convolutional neural network that integrates spatial constraints by converting three consecutive 2D MRI slices into a single 2.5D image. This facilitates capturing inter‐slice dependencies effectively. Additionally, the newly formulated SSA block, which sequentially incorporates channel attention and Self‐Attention mechanisms, is placed before the decoders in the conventional U‐Net architecture. This enables the network to automatically weight different feature maps and focus more effectively on regions requiring precise segmentation. Rigorous evaluations on LPBA40 and IBSR18 datasets substantiate the remarkable improvements in accuracy and stability achieved by SSA‐UNet. Results indicate Dice coefficients of 98.38% and 97.47%, specificity of 99.69% and 99.57%, and sensitivity of 98.5% and 97.98% for the respective datasets. Compared to other existing models, SSA‐UNet shows significant improvements on both the LPBA40 and IBSR18 datasets. On the LPBA40 dataset, SSA‐UNet's Dice coefficient improved by 0.33% compared to the sub‐optimal model, while on the IBSR18 dataset, the improvement reached 1.78%. These empirical findings demonstrate SSA‐UNet's heightened capability in addressing the long‐standing challenges in MRI‐based whole‐brain segmentation.
Experimental investigation of an Autler-Townes resonator with flow
Authors: Aurégan Yves
Published: February 2024

The acoustic behavior of a double annular resonator with flow is studied as a special case to illustrate the possibilities, but also the difficulties, offered by flow on the acoustic performance of metamaterials. Compared with the associated single resonator, the double resonator exhibits – in the lossless case – a transmission peak near the resonant frequency. This peak is associated with an evanescent out-of-phase coupling between the two resonators and is known in literature as “Autler-Townes splitting”. In measurements with a double resonator, this peak is strongly attenuated by viscous effects, to such an extent that it almost disappears. When a flow is added, even a very small one, a gain is created and the peak reappears close to the resonator frequency. As the average flow velocity increases, this gain can become sufficiently large for a whistling to appear.
Analytical examination of dealcoholized wines
Authors: Schmitt Matthias , Patz Claus-Dieter , Rheinberger Anja , Giehl Anja , Freund Maximilian , Christmann Monika , Wolf Christian
Published: February 2024

The demand for dealcoholized wine has been steadily increasing in recent years. Moreover, the attention for such products is probably increasing even more. More producers are seeking to participate in the marked to dealcoholized wine. Due to that increasing demand and market awareness the different legal authorities are also discussing the regulation and harmonizing of rules, for those products. However, there is a lack of precise data on how to analytically describe these products on the market. To this end, the present study examined 200 commercial dealcoholized wines and their carbonated variants on the basis of key enological analytical parameters (acidity, density, extract, glycerin, exact alcohol content, etc.). This work aims to help understand the specific characteristics of dealcoholized wines that are currently found on the major wine markets.
Microbiome composition and dynamics while grapes turn to wine
Authors: Zeman Michal , Böhmer Miroslav , Rusňáková Diana , Sedláčková Tatiana , Ženišová Katarína , Pangallo Domenico , Kuchta Tomáš , Budiš Jaroslav , Szemes Tomáš
Published: February 2024

Microbial composition and activity were recorded during preparation of Pinot blanc (“Rulandské biele”) from one vineyard during the years 2018, 2019, and 2020. Both fungi and bacteria are important for primary fermentation and malto-lactic fermentation, therefore total DNA and total RNA were isolated, and genes for 16S and 28S rRNA were amplified to determine both bacterial and yeast profiles. Four phases of wine production were selected for testing. We tested the initial grape juice right after crushing the grapes, must ~2-3 days post inoculation, actively fermenting must and finally – young wine before filtration. We experimented on 3 batches with addition of selected strains of Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The most apparent was seasonality and the effect of weather at given year. Naturally occurring yeast Hanseniaspora was detected alongside major players like S. cerevisiae. The most dominant bacterial genera were Gluconobacter, Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter. We were able to detect contaminating coliform bacteria as a result of unexpectedly warm and humid conditions during the harvest in 2018. This method even detected plant pathogens Penicillium, Botrytis, and Alternaria in some samples, and might be indicative of the health of a vineyard.
Estudio de parámetros de perfil nutricional, color y aromas en el vino sin alcohol “WIN”, a través de diferentes técnicas de desalcoholización de vinos (columna de conos rotatorios y ósmosis inversa)
Authors: Carlos Moro Luis , Pinto Julio A. , Villanueva Sonia , Sevillano María
Published: February 2024

Bodega Win junto con LAAE y el CREG de la Universidad de Zaragoza han desarrollado un proyecto de investigación, “Alcoholess”, que ha permitido adquirir conocimientos de índole científico y tecnológico para desalcoholizar parcial o totalmente vinos sin apenas modificar su composición aromática y sensorial. Los resultados del proyecto enfocados a la desalcoholización parcial avalan que la técnica de Ósmosis Inversa es la más idónea para paliar los efectos del cambio climático en vinos, al permitir reducir su graduación alcohólica hasta 1⁰ Alc sin que sus componentes aromáticos sufran alteraciones. Las investigaciones realizadas sobre la desalcoholización total de vinos revelan que es posible conservar la tipicidad de la variedad de uva en el vino sin alcohol mediante la optimización de los parámetros del proceso de desalcoholización por Columna de Conos Rotatorios (CCR) y la aplicación de estrategias enológicas optimizadas para su posterior reconstitución. Los vinos desalcoholizados obtenidos y comercializados bajo la marca Win mantienen todas las características organolépticas de los vinos de origen y se sitúan en una posición privilegiada con respecto a su competencia actual, gracias a su bajo contenido en azúcares.
New sobriety: Drinking less wine to save the planet?
Authors: Brochart Nans , Brugière Françoise
Published: February 2024

In 2015, the Paris agreements set a global framework for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to keep the global temperature increase below 2 degrees between the beginning of the industrial era and 2050. Agriculture, which accounts for 25% of global CO2 emissions, plays a major role in achieving these goals. To this end, the European Parliament has adopted the "Farm to fork" strategy, which aims to reduce both CO2 emissions and the use of pesticides for food products. In order to meet these targets, average individual emissions should be 2 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year, knowing that, for example, today, on average, each French person emits 9.5 tCO2/year. Citizens who wish to contribute and reduce their carbon footprint can act on different emission items: their travel, their food, their housing, their purchases of goods and services. In France, on average, food accounts for a quarter of individual emissions. Knowing that the average impact of a standard 10-12cl glass of wine is around 180 grams of CO2 and that the target per meal should be 500 grams of CO2e, what will be the trade-offs for consumers who are aware of these issues ? Will consumers decide to limit their consumption of wine in the face of environmental issues, as some already do with meat? Will communication shift from the dangers of alcohol on health to the environmental impact of wine consumption, in a "one health" approach? Faced with this risk, the wine industry's response and its consumer information strategy will be crucial. Players will have to provide information on their assets in terms of sustainability (environmental, economic and social) while adapting to new legislation and consumer demands.
Current situation and development trend of wine industry in china
Authors: Jian Sun , Shili Ruan , Jinchen Li , Jiming Li , Jianbo Fan , Xiao Zhang
Published: February 2024

China’s modern wine industry began in 1892 when Changyu Wine Company was founded. After more than 130 years of development, China has formed 11 major wine regions with their own characteristics. The wine grape varieties of China are divided into three categories: international mainstream varieties, Chinese indigenous varieties, and varieties that can be used for both winemaking and table grape purposes. There are various types of wine produced in China, including sparkling wine, dry white, dry red, rose, ice wine, aromatized wine, and fortified wine. There are more than 1,680 wineries in China, whose production modes are categorized as “Chateau & Chateau wines” mode and “winery & brand wines” mode. The number of Chateau enterprises accounts for 80% of the total, and is developing fast. China's wine industry management organizations mainly include Ministry (departments, bureaus) of Agriculture, and the Ministry (departments, bureaus) of Industry and Information Technology. And the industry service organizations mainly include the China Alcoholic Drinks Association (Wine Branch), China National Food Industry Association (Wine Branch), and Grape and Wine Association or Wine Industry Development Service Center established by provinces and cities. Up to now, 12 sub-wine regions in China have obtained the certification of geographical indication protection. Chinese wine consuming markets are divided into five groups, with huge consumption potential, and the activity of consumer market remains the top of Asia. China's wine industry integrates the three industries of grape growing, wine making and wine consumption, tourism, and cultural promotion. Such growth is in accordance with the advancement of agriculture, rural areas, and ecological protection, exhibiting sustainable development with vigor and vitality.
Characteristics of dealcoholized and partially dealcoholized wines on company websites and their influence on the price
Authors: Seccia Antonio , Di Maria Giuliana , Viscecchia Rosaria , De Devitiis Biagia
Published: February 2024

The market for beverages obtained from dealcoholization of wine has grown from $7.8 billion in 2018 to $10 billion in 2022 in ten key markets; IWSR forecasts that no- and low-alcohol products’ volume will grow by +8% yearly between 2022 and 2025. Considering the segment of non-alcoholic wine, its demand is expected to surge at a CAGR of 10% from 2023 to 2033 (2022 Report from Fact.MR). Companies have the opportunity to pursue product differentiation through the wide heterogeneity of attributes that can be communicated through the website. The purpose of this study is to examine the offerings of companies producing fully or partially dealcoholized wines, through the statistical analysis of data relating to the product attributes communicated by the websites. The data were collected considering a sample of 360 wines, fully or partially de-alcoholized, presented on 43 corporate websites, with reference to the following variables: company location, still/sparkling, color, grape origin, grape variety, container capacity, packaging material, alcohol content, alcohol removal technique, retail prices, awards/recognitions, certifications, production of conventional wines, production of other alcoholic beverages, places (virtual and physical) of purchase and presence on social media. The collected data fed into a database that was used to perform statistical analyses related to the variables considered, for each of which the relationship with product prices was considered.
Relevance of the production of non-alcoholic wines
Authors: Kucherenko Volodymyr , Uspalenko Olha
Published: February 2024

The demand for alcohol-free wine is increasing due to the health risks associated with alcohol and the trend towards healthier living. With the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in alcohol consumption, but the interest in alcohol-free wines is growing. The global demand for non-alcoholic wines is expected to grow by 10% annually from 2023 to 2033, and the market is currently evaluated at $2 billion, and estimated to reach $5.2 billion by 2033. Despite the technological challenges, wineries expand their product range and develop new opportunities for entrepreneurs.
Residual pesticides reduction on table grapes in post-harvest using ozonated water washing
Authors: Caponio Gabriele , Vendemia Marco , Mallardi Domenica , Domenico Marsico Antonio , Alba Vittorio , Gentilesco Giovanni , Basile Teodora , Coletta Antonio
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, different systems for reducing pesticides in table grapes are being tested at different production stages either in the field or in post-harvest. The present study tested ozonated water treatments at the beginning of the cold storage on Melissa seedless table grape variety to reduce residue contents of some pesticides. An ozone generator capable of producing ozone concentrations ranging from 18 to 65 Nm3 was utilized for obtaining three ozone concentration levels in water: 3, 5 and 10 mg/L. Ozonated water was placed into a 70 L plastic box where 500 g grape samples closed in perforated plastic clamshell containers were immersed utilizing two washing times (5 and 10 min). Overall, six ozonated water treatments were tested. After ozonated water treatments, all samples were stored for 30 days at 2 °C and 95% relative humidity to simulate commercial practice. Pesticide residue contents were determined before ozonated water treatments (T0) and 30 days after the cold storage (T1). The comparison highlighted the different degradation rates as regards Fludioxonil and Fluxapyroxad. The best results were reached among the non-systemic pesticide such as Fludioxonil. Using 3 mg/L ozonated water to wash grapes for 10 min represented the optimal degradation conditions for the analyzed pesticides.
Modelling the co-digestion of wine polyphenols with glucose, proteins and lipids in the human gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Tamargo Alba , Molinero Natalia , Cueva Carolina , del Hierro Joaquín Navarro , Martín Diana , Miralles Beatriz , de Llano Dolores González , Bartolomé Begoña , Moreno-Arribas M. Victoria
Published: February 2024

This study investigates food matrix effects during the co-digestion of red wine with different nutrients, including glucose and whey proteins, as well as olive oil lipids and cholesterol by using the gastrointestinal dynamic simulator simgi®. Co-digestion with red wine led to a reduction of glucose bioaccessibility and of α-lactalbumin gastric digestibility. In relation to lipids, the co-digestion with red wine tended to increase the percentage of bioaccessible monoglycerides, although significant differences were not found. Interestingly, co-digestion with red wine tended to reduce cholesterol bioaccessibility, which could be related to the decrease in bile salt content observed in the micellar phase. Furthermore, co-digestion with the food models modified wine polyphenols profiles during gastrointestinal digestion, including their bioaccessible and non-bioaccessible fractions. At colonic level, combined intake of wine and each food model affected colonic microbiota composition and functionality. In particular, wine digestion favoured intestinal health-related taxa, and the co-digestion of wine and food models favoured production of total short and medium chain fatty acids, especially butyric and pentanoic acids. Finally, cytotoxicity of the colonic-digested samples towards human colon adenocarcinoma cells was found to be significantly lower for the Wine and Wine+Lipid models than for the Lipid model and the control.
Preliminary studies on microbial management efficiency of ozonated water on Italian ready-to-eat table grape variety
Authors: Vendemia Marco , Caponio Gabriele , Ferrulli Francesca , Scarano Leonardo , Perniola Rocco , Coletta Antonio , Domenico Marsico Antonio
Published: February 2024

Ozonated water is an alternative means of post-harvest fruit and vegetable management that keeps gaining interest for its applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ozonated water at different concentrations (12 mg L-1 and 8 mg L-1) on ready-to-eat Italian ‘Regal seedless’ grapes, to assess the ozone effect on grey mould and berry microbiome (non-Saccharomyces yeasts, total bacteria, and total fungi). An ozone generator capable of producing ozone concentration ranging from 18 to 65 Nm3 was used to obtain the different ozone concentration levels in water where berries were immersed. After 26 days of cold storage, grey mould incidence was assessed as percentage ratio between the number of affected berries and the total number of berries. Berries dipped into ozonated water at the higher ozone concentration of 12 mg L-1 showed a 61% average reduction of the overall disease incidence compared to the control. Moreover, the microbiome of berries treated with 12 mg L-1 ozone concentration showed significant reduction of fungal and yeast populations, while not showing any significant difference for the bacterial population, compared to the control.
Un nuevo método basado en inteligencia artificial para evaluar la ingesta individual de vino
Authors: Cobo Miriam , de la Guía Edgard Relaño , Heredia Ignacio , Aguilar Fernando , Lloret-Iglesias Lara , García Daniel , Yuste Silvia , Recio-Fernández Emma , Pérez-Matute Patricia , José Motilva M. , Moreno-Arribas M. Victoria , Bartolomé Begoña
Published: February 2024

Este estudio surge de la necesidad de nuevas metodologías que permitan cuantificar el consumo de vino con mayor precisión, para posteriormente utilizar esta información en estudios observacionales de alimentación-salud y estudios de intervención de dieta. Se ha desarrollado un algoritmo basado en un método de “aprendizaje profundo”, que permite determinar el volumen de vino en una copa/vaso a partir de una fotografía, y se ha validado en un estudio de consumidores realizado a través de una aplicación web. La aplicación del modelo a imágenes “cuasi-reales” y a imágenes "reales" (obtenidas a partir del estudio de consumidores), ha mostrado una precisión satisfactoria con un error absoluto medio (MAE) de 10 mL y 26 mL, respectivamente. En relación a las pautas de consumo de vino observadas en el estudio de consumidores (n=38), el volumen medio de vino tinto servido en una copa fue de 114±33 mL, sin estar condicionado por factores como el sexo del consumidor, el momento de consumo, el tipo de vino, o el formato de copa/vaso. En síntesis, el sistema de aprendizaje profundo desarrollado junto con la aplicación web, constituyen una herramienta de gran valor para la estimación precisa del volumen de vino consumido diariamente, así como las pautas de su consumo, de gran utilidad para estudios poblacionales.
Nutrigenomics to reveal the effects of grape consumption in healthy subjects
Authors: Anna Milella Rosa , Gasparro Marica , Giannandrea Maria Angela , Notarnicola Maria , Tutino Valeria , Antonacci Donato
Published: February 2024

The Mediterranean diet places fruit and vegetables as the basis of daily nutrition. Table grape is a typical fruit of the Mediterranean tradition and is consumed worldwide. The CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology has conducted nutrigenomics studies in recent years to investigate the effects of table grapes on human health. This note summarises two trials in which healthy subjects ate the black seedless grape Autumn Royal for three consecutive weeks. For our first nutrigenomic study, we used the microarray technique to analyze thousands of genes' expressions simultaneously. The results showed that 463 genes were modulated, and one month after the end of the grape-rich diet, this number almost doubled, reaching 849 genes. Furthermore, more than 200 of these genes are non-coding RNAs important in regulating gene expression. The second nutrigenomic study was conducted to evaluate the effects of grape intake on the expression of microRNAs, identifying 20 circulating microRNAs modulated, most of which were implicated in cancer development. Our results showed that grape intake exerts beneficial effects by modulating genes involved in critical physiological processes such as the immune response, inflammation, autophagy, DNA repair, and mitochondrial functionality.
How sweet is your wine? - A reflection on consumers choices
Authors: Barcellos Bernd Alinne , Rodrigues Spinelli Fernanda
Published: February 2024

The culture of wine consumption reaches consumers of different ages, behaviors and life habits. The introduction of new consumers in the world of wine often happens through the consumption of wine-derived beverages, in most cases with a high sugar content, due to reasons of palatability, familiarity and acceptance. This is due, among other reasons, to the conditioning of the consumer's palate to the sweet taste, also causing a high consumption of sugary drinks such as soft drinks, in addition to several other foods with a high content of added sugars. In the case of beverages, the sweetening is a resource frequently used throughout the industry to provide greater palatability to the product, attracting consumers who prefer sweeter flavors, and may also provide greater acceptance among the youngers, in addition to potentially leading to immoderate consumption of alcoholic beverages. These habits have a direct impact on consumers' health, mainly because they favor the development of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs. With the aim of seeking to better understand the profile of Brazilian consumers of wines and grapes derivatives, and their relationship with the consumption of sugar and alcohol, a survey was carried out through the application of a questionnaire.
Antioxidant Activity of Zodia (Evodia suaveolens) Protein Extract In Vitro
Authors: Fudhaili Ahmad , Purnama Erlix Rakhmad , Syamsudi Nur Anindya , Yolanda Rofiza
Published: February 2024

The zodia (Evodia suaveolens) plant is an Indonesian endemic that originated in Papua. Zodia leaves are empirically used as anti-mosquito and dysentery medications, and cooked bark is useful as a malaria fever reliever. Until present, no research has been conducted on the protein of the zodia plant extract that has demonstrated action. The goal of this study was to assess the antioxidant activity of the zodia plant protein extract as reflected by IC50 (inhibitory concentration). Various established procedures were used to determine antioxidant capacity, including radical cation, 2,2’-Azinobis 3-ethyl Benzothlazole-6-Sulfonic Acid (ABTS●+) assay, hydroxyl radical (OH●), and superoxide anion (O2●-) scavenging. Data analysis was determined using ANOVA and continued with Duncan. The soluble protein in the stem has much stronger free radical scavenging (ABTS●+, OH●, and O2●-) capabilities than the leaves and root. According to the research, soluble proteins in stems have a significant potential for usage as antioxidants.
Morphological Characterization of Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata) in Purwodadi Botanic Garden
Authors: Lathifah Fariya Putri , Mas’udah Shofiyatul , Turhadi  , Yulia Nina Dwi
Published: February 2024

Dioscorea spp. (Yam) is an edible tuber plant from the Dioscoreaceae family. There are around 600 species of Dioscorea spp., one of them is Dioscorea alata. D. alata has a wide range of morphological characteristics, including shape, size, skin color, flesh, and tuber texture. This research focused on D. alata with purple tuber flesh. This study aims to reveal the diversity of D. alata in Purwodadi Botanical Garden based on its morphological characteristics. Characterization is an important aspect of identifying D. alata diversity. Characterization was performed on six D. alata accessions from the Purwodadi Botanical Garden, DA 28, DA 36, DA 57, DA 86, DA-SB, and DA-Tr. Morphological characterization can be divided into qualitative and quantitative stem and leaf properties. The morphological feature data were processed using NTSys 2.11a software. The observation results showed that D. alata from different accessions had diverse morphological characteristics such as stem color, wing color, leaf margin color, leaf vein color, petiole color, and petiole wings color. The dendrogram results showed that DA 36 and DA SB accessions had a very close level of similarity. Meanwhile, the DA-Tr accession exhibited the most distinct character from the other accessions with the dominant color being purple covering stems, stem wings, leaf veins, leaf margins, petioles, and petiole wings.
Micronuclei and Gamma-H2AX Detection in Medical Radiation Workers
Authors: Basri Iin Kurnia Hasan , Lusiyanti Yanti , Rahajeng Nastiti , Suvifan Viria Agesti , Yusuf Darlina , Tetriana Devita , Kisnanto Teja
Published: February 2024

One of the most harmful DNA lesions brought on by exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is DNA double-strand breaks. The working duration time may affect the dose accumulation of radiation workers routinely exposed to IR. The study presented here aims to determine the correlation between micronuclei (MN) frequency and γ-H2AX foci index in medical workers who are occupationally exposed to low-dose IR. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were collected from 30 radiation workers that grouped working less and more than 20 years, consisting of radiologists, nurses, cardiologists and radiology technicians. MN frequencies were calculated by analysing 1000 binucleated cells and γ-H2AX foci were calculated by analysing 50 cells. No significant difference was observed between the γ-H2AX foci frequencies and MN indexes when comparing the exposed group with working years ≥20 compared to those working <20 years. Chronic exposure to low-dose IR increases the DNA repair process and reduces micronuclei formation.
A CNN Plastic Detection Model for Embedded Platform of ROV
Authors: Aminurrashid Anis Rashidah , Mohd Sayuti M. Norazizi Sham
Published: February 2024

Plastic pollution has a negative influence on biodiversity especially in aquatic ecosystems, and it has been labelled as one of the greatest dangers to biota. This paper proposes a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based plastic detection model for the embedded platform to identify different shapes of underwater plastics such as bags, bottles, containers, cups, nets, pipes, ropes, snack wrappers and tarps. The model is optimized for Raspberry Pi using OpenVINO framework, with the intention to produce a cost-effective edge system for a Remote Operating Vehicle (ROV) system. The development of the model utilizes a pre-trained object detection model from YOLOv5 and the TrashCan 1.0 dataset, for training and testing. The final model exhibits a good performance, achieving more than 85% accuracy in the overall prediction, which highlights the model’s accuracy and reliability in detecting and classifying underwater plastic shapes. Results from this work highlight the potential of the deep learning (DL) real-time embedded processing at the edge rather by a separate computer on land, using a cost-effective embedded platform.
Certificate Authority Capacity and Digital Signature Market Demand in Promoting Interoperability in Malaysia
Authors: Azni A.H. , Ridzuan Farida , Pitchay Sakinah Ali , MohdAlwi Najwa Hayaati , Ishak Maziahtusima , Radzali R.
Published: February 2024

The adoption of digital signatures is becoming increasingly popular among Malaysian users due to its many advantages, including increased security, convenience, and cost savings. However, one of the challenges that users face is the lack of cross Certification Authority (CA) interoperability, which hinders the ability to use digital signatures across different platforms and services. To address this challenge, there is a growing need for promoting cross CA interoperability in Malaysia, which would enable users to use digital signatures seamlessly across various platforms and services. This paper aims to identify the CA capacity and digital signature market demand in promoting cross CA interoperability. This can be achieved through the qualitative interviews from CAs operating in Malaysia to gather views on interoperability across their platforms, the value and implications of such practice, and to establish the potential relationship between interoperability and increased Digital Signature efficiency and market demand. The interview data is analyzed using Atlas.ti and meta-analysis. Based on the result, the adoption of digital signatures and the promotion of cross CA interoperability are critical for advancing Malaysia's digital economy and enhancing the country’s overall competitiveness. With the right infrastructure and policies in place, Malaysia can become a leader in the use of digital signatures and the promotion of cross CA interoperability, which would benefit both individuals and businesses alike.
Enhanced Bearing Fault Analysis under Inconstant Loads Conditions by Cosine Weighted K-Nearest Neighbours Model
Authors: Yap J.S. , Lim M.H. , Leong M. Salman
Published: February 2024

Bearing faults often lead to machinery failures, underscoring the importance of analyzing bearing vibrations to avert undesirable consequences. Leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) in this context benefits from the strides in intelligent data processing and computing capabilities. Traditionally, signal processing and feature engineering play pivotal roles in achieving accurate classifications. However, classification accuracy can decline notably during variable loading scenarios due to the diverse vibration patterns exhibited under different loads. This study assesses an AI model's performance under variable loading conditions using raw vibration signals, without recourse to signal processing or feature engineering. Introducing an enhanced AI model, known as Cosine Weighted K-Nearest Neighbours (CWKNN), resulted in a slightly improved 85.2–88.7% under stable loading conditions and 64.3–72.6% under variable loading conditions.
Preliminary Mobile Beacon Application Framework for Higher Education Co-Curricular Engagement
Authors: Mohamed Noor Nurul Aida , Asli Mohammad Fadhli , Lung Jackel Chew Vui , Mohd Sharef Nurfadhlina
Published: February 2024

Mobile beacon application leverages the beacon technology as location-based or proximity sensors to notify or interact with user via mobile apps. There are many instances of these applications especially as an engagement platform across many domains like marketing, retails, exhibitions, or public services. Mobile beacon application holds potential as an engagement tool for empowering co-curricular engagement in higher education. Integrated with personalized mobile notification, users can be notified and interact with co-curricular events within their proximity in the campus. However, literature indicates limited insights on the design applicability and empirical studies of mobile beacon application for higher education context. This new application context poses its own unique challenges, but imperative in helping researchers to discover the extents of mobile beacon potentials. This concept paper introduces a preliminary mobile beacon application framework for supporting co-curricular engagement in higher education. The framework aims to enable design applicability of a mobile beacon application integrated with personalized notification for education engagement purposes. Characterization of mobile beacon application components along with the deliberation of mobile notification features are highlighted in the framework. The presented conceptual framework offers the foundation for application designers in building a mobile beacon application for higher education engagement.
Cubic Bézier-Like Triangular Patches for Rainfall Scattered Data Interpolation and Visualization
Authors: Abdul Karim Samsul Ariffin , Asli Mohammad Fadhli , On Chin Kim , Mustafa Ghulam , Khan Faheem , Hasan Mohammad Khatim , Sulaiman Jumat , Kherd Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Scattered data interpolation plays an important role in computer graphics and scientific visualization. This method can be used to interpolate any regular or irregular data sets. For instance, rainfall distribution is an example of an irregular data that usually appear in statistics. In this study, cubic Bézier-Like triangular patches defined on triangular domain is used to interpolate rainfall data sets. From graphical results, we obtain a very smooth surface. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be used to interpolate and provide a good visualization to the given irregular data sets.
Extraction of Association Rules from Cancer Patient’s Records using F-P Growth Algorithm
Authors: Alharith Razan , Khalil Mohammed , Ibrahim Ashraf Osman , Babiker Salih Hassan
Published: February 2024

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and Sudan has a high cancer burden. The issue is that the data acquired from cancer patients grows yearly, and standard methodologies for analyzing this data are no longer adequate. Data mining techniques such as frequent pattern analysis and association rule mining are utilized in this research to assist in identifying hidden patterns and relationships in data. These strategies were utilized to provide valuable insights into the spread of cancer in Sudan and to assist healthcare professionals in making better diagnosis and treatment decisions. Support and confidence were utilized as measurement criteria. Support is used to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of an item or set of items among all transactions. In contrast, confidence is used to assess the strength of the relationship between groups of things. According to the findings, women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with cancer. The most common cancers in both genders include breast, prostate, ovarian, esophagus, and cervical cancers.
Regioselective C3-Formylation of 2H-Indazoles Using Selectfluor under Microwave-Assisted Conditions
Authors: Pitchai Manivel , Vetrichelvan Muthalagu , Kaspady Mahammed , Indasi Gopikumar , Krishnan Rajesh , Maheswarappa Gururaju Sannakki , Mathur Arvind , Gupta Anuradha
Published: February 2024

An efficient microwave-assisted Selectfluor-mediated regioselective C3-formylation of 2H-indazoles bearing a variety of alkyl and aryl substituents using DMSO as the formylating agent has been developed. This methodology provides access to 3-formyl 2H-indazoles with moderate to excellent yields. These functionalized indazoles are potentially useful as templates for drug discovery. Control experimental results suggest that this formylation probably proceeds through a radical pathway.
Evaluation of the Effect of Ununion Percentage of Scaphoid on Stress and Displacement of Fragment Part of Scaphoid in Various Degrees of Wrist Extension with and without External Force
Authors: Niknam Saeed , Namazi Hamid , Karimi Mohammad Taghi
Published: February 2024

Background Scaphoid fractures are almost two-thirds of different kinds of carpal fractures. Surgeons usually have challenges in deciding if the wrist should be mobilized or immobilized for the patients with different percentiles of partial union of scaphoid. This study's aim was to investigate different percentiles of union (25–50–75) in waist and proximal pole of scaphoid fracture to find the union percentile which can tolerate normal daily activities to help surgeons in taking appropriate decisions in this regard.

Method A model of wrist joint was developed in this study based on computed tomography scan images of wrist joint. Various percentage of union in waist and proximal poles of scaphoid with and without internal fixation were tested in this study. The stress applied on scaphoid and displacement of fragment parts were evaluated in Abaqus software during motion of wrist from neutral to 40 degrees of extension.

Results Although Von Mises stress of scaphoid bone increased following use of external force, the difference was significant for conditions 3 and 6 (75% of union in middle and distal parts). The stress applied on scaphoid increased depends on conditions (ununion percentage of bone). Moreover, its stress depends on the angle of wrist extension. Use of internal fixation screw decreased stress of scaphoid in most of conditions.

Conclusion The stress developed in scaphoid depends on the nonunion percentage of scaphoid and the amount of motion of wrist joint. It is better to use external fixation screw especially for conditions 3 and 6 (75% of union in middle and distal parts) to decrease the displacement of fragment parts and to decrease the stress applied on scaphoid in wrist extension.

Type of Study and Level of Evidence Case study, level of evidence: III.
Prognostic Value of Symptoms and Signs in Geriatric Acute Pulmonary Embolism—An Analytical Study
Authors: Özdemir Serdar , Özkan Abuzer
Published: February 2024

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between symptoms and short-term mortality in geriatric patients presenting to the emergency department with acute pulmonary embolism.

Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the data of geriatric patients admitted to the emergency department between September 01, 2022, and March 01, 2023. The study population comprised patients who presented with acute pulmonary embolism signs and symptoms. Demographic data, vital parameters, and symptoms were noted.

Results Of the 176 patients included in the final analysis, 55 (31.2%) were female. The median of age was 76 (25th–75th percentile: 72–82.5) years. The most common symptoms were dyspnea (61.9%), fatigue (27.2%), and syncope (23.8%). There was no statistically significant difference between the survivor and nonsurvivor groups in terms of symptoms (p-values for dyspnea, syncope, chest pain, back pain, hemoptysis, extremity pain, and fatigue: 0.804, 0.765, 0.154, 0.543, 0.675, 0.342, and 0.943, respectively) (chi-squared test).

Conclusion In patients presenting to the emergency department with acute pulmonary embolism, clinicians should not prioritize based on symptoms but should evaluate patients according to clinical severity scores.
Reconstruction of Filarial Penis and Scrotum
Authors: Sharma Dr. L. K.
Published: February 2024

Eight cases of mild to severe degrees of elephantiasis scrotum and pents have been treated. The procedure followed in the present series was total - excision of the penile skin and free skin graft. Reduction of the scrotum by excising all the discased subcutaneous tissue and reconstruction of the scrotum by by scrotal flaps. The cosmatic and functional results have been presented. This procedure to reduce the size of scrotum and penis is most practical to relieve the patient from the great social embarrassment.
Embolization of an Intracranial Vertebral Artery Aneurysm via the Deep Cervical Artery
Authors: Schulz Katharina , Grieb Dominik , Boxberg Frederik , Blaeser Klaus , Scholz Martin , Schlunz-Hendann Martin
Published: February 2024

Treatment of vertebral artery aneurysms can be challenging due to the unusual vascular anatomy or unfeasibility of traditional endovascular techniques. We describe a novel approach for endovascular treatment of a ruptured intracranial vertebral artery aneurysm with bilateral vertebral artery occlusions and hypoplasia of the posterior communicating arteries. Successful coil embolization was performed using a collateral pathway for microcatheterization via anastomosis between the deep cervical artery and the vertebral artery. This case report highlights a novel alternative endovascular treatment approach for vertebrobasilar aneurysms in case of a poor vascular status with occlusion or lack of traditional endovascular access routes.