bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El desarrollo humano como proceso probabilístico : lecciones de treinta años de estudios sobre el desarrollo infantil en el tercer mundo
Authors: Pollitt Ernesto
Published: September 2020

La tesis de este trabajo es que las predicciones sobre la dirección del desarrollo humano basándose en un solo evento ocurrido durante los primeros años de la vida generalmente tienen una débil validez interna. Las limitaciones de dichas predicciones no se deben a las limitaciones inherentes a los estudios que han puesto a prueba la validez de la predicción sino a una conceptualización errada sobre la naturaleza misma del desarrollo. Este no está determinado por efectos principales sino por complejas relaciones recíprocas entre los diferentes componentes del organismo y entre este y el ambiente físico y social. Se propone que hay que modelar el desarrollo como un proceso probabilístico cuya trayectoria se va forjando gradualmente.
El lenguaje de los niños ciegos y la cuestión de los rasgos autistas
Authors: Pérez Pereira Miguel
Published: September 2020

Hobson et al. (Brown, Hobson. Lee y Stevenson, 1997; Hobson, Brown, Minter y Lee, 1997) han investigado la similitud entre el autismo y la ceguera congénita. En este artículo se revisa la evidencia empírica a favor de la existencia de rasgos autistas en el lenguaje de los niños ciegos de nacimiento, a la vez que se aportan nuevos datos de investigaciones del autor. Se centra el interés en (a) el uso de los pronombres personales, (b) el uso de imitaciones y habla formuláica, (c) el uso egocéntrico del lenguaje, y (d) la capacidad de iniciar conversaciones y de contingencia conversacional. El análisis pone en cuestión la supuesta similitud entre los niños ciegos y los autistas, además parece refutar la teoría de Hobson.
El desarrollo del niño desnutrido : un estudio experimental sobre alimentación temprana
Authors: Pollitt Ernesto , Durnin John , Aitchison Tom , Husaini Mahdi , Jahari Abas , Schürch Beat
Published: September 2020

El estudio fue un ensayo clínico aleatorio en el que participaron dos cohortes de niños (12 y 18 meses) indonesios en riesgo nutricional; hubo tres suplementos dietéticos: energía alta y micronutrientes; leche descremada y micronutrientes; y leche descremada. Se puso a prueba la hipótesis de que un suplemento de energía y micronutrientes administrado tempranamente, previene el retardo en el crecimiento físico y el desarrollo mental. Se obtuvo que el efecto de la suplementación con energía y micronutrientes en los bebés de 12 meses fue superior al efecto producido por la suplementación con micronutrientes y leche descremada. Los efectos en el grupo que comenzó a los 18 meses fueron menores. Hubo una interacción entre los efectos. Los resultados sugieren que este tipo de intervención en niños desnutridos debe iniciarse durante el primer año de vida.
Predictores del desempeño en lectura y escritura de niños de primer grado
Authors: Bazán Ramírez Aldo , Sánchez H. Beatriz , Corral Verdugo Víctor
Published: September 2020

Se evaluó el desempeño de 288 niños de primer grado en tareas de lectura y escritura de diferente grado de complejidad. Se tomaron como predictores de los desempeños en las tareas evaluadas variables asociadas con la práctica docente y con antecedentes académicos inmediatos de los niños, así como sus características físicas. Mediante la aplicación de un análisis de regresión múltiple se identificó que las variables de años de experiencia del maestro en primer grado, el juicio que emite respecto a la adquisición de la lectura y la escritura del niño, la presencia de padecimientos de tipo auditivo y/o visual en el niño, y el promedio logrado por los niños en los cursos de español al término del año escolar predicen aproximadamente un 40% del desempeño de los niños en todos los niveles de complejidad de las tareas de lectura y escritura evaluadas. Se discuten los resultados en términos de su implicación en la práctica docente.
El consumo de drogas y el tratamiento en pacientes que realizan actividades delictivas
Authors: Sanabria Carretero Manuel
Published: September 2020

El trabajo se centra en valorar las implicaciones que la actividad delictiva tiene, tanto en el inicio como en la evolución, y los resultados del tratamiento por consumo de drogas. A tal fin, se seleccionó una muestra de 209 pacientes que solicitaron tratamiento. Ellos fueron valorados enlas principales áreas objeto de análisis y seguidos durante un año y medio; se realizaron valoraciones de su evolución cada seis meses. Los resultados indican que el paso por la institución terapéutica conlleva una reducción muy significativa de la actividad delictiva, aunque los pacientes con un mayor historial ofrecen más dificultades y una respuesta inicial más pobre; noobstante, en el seguimiento estas diferencias llegan a desaparecer.
Autoconcepto y desesperanza aprendida en un grupo de maestros de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Carrillo Luna Sandra
Published: September 2020

Se evaluó a ochenta y seis maestros de Lima capacitados por el PLAN CAD con el Perfil de Autopercepción para Adultos (Messer y Harter, 1986) y con la Escala de Desesperanza Aprendida (Macassi, 1988). Se analizó las correlaciones entre los distintos dominios del autoconcepto (AC), la desesperanza aprendida (DA) y algunas variables sociodemográfica. Los resultados mostraron que la DA presenta correlaciones significativa~ e inversas con los dominios del AC de inteligencia, competencia laboral (CL), sociabilidad, adecuación como proveedor de apoyo (APA), apariencia física (AF) y relaciones cercanas (RC); así como con el rendimiento académico y grado de satisfacción con el trabajo. Se presentaron correlaciones significativas de la edad con los dominios del AC de sociabilidad y RC; satisfacción con la carrera, con los dominios del AC de sociabilidad, APA, CL y RC; satisfacción con el trabajo, con los dominios del AC de inteligencia, administración del hogar, CL, APA, AF y RC; y el rendimiento académico, con el dominio de sociabilidad. Asimismo, se presentaron diferencias significativas entre los puntajes obtenidos según sexo, institución en la que terminaron sus estudios y si han recibido o no otra capacitaciones.
Representaciones acerca del cáncer y su origen en padres de niños diagnosticados con esta enfermedad
Authors: Ruda Santolaria María Lourdes
Published: September 2020

En este estudio exploratorio se pretende precisar el modo como un grupo de progenitores de niños diagnosticados con cáncer se representan esta enfermedad y su etiología. Para ello, se entrevistó a 63 padres de 50 niños que iniciaban su tratamiento. A nivel cualitativo, se realizó un análisis de contenido que permitió la definición de categoría~ representacionales. Con el registro de frecuencias de estas últimas, se llevó a cabo un análisis estadístico de componentes principales que informó de la presencia de doce grupos representacionales. Los resultados nos muestran que si bien de manera explícita predomina la representación del cáncer como una enfermedad curable si es diagnosticada a tiempo y recibe tratamiento, a la ba~e persiste la vinculación de los procesos oncológicos con la muerte. Las diferencias encontradas en las representaciones de los padres y madres de un mismo niño acerca de este padecimiento revelan, además, la importancia del elemento personal en la formación de las mismas. Las variables socio-económicas y culturales y la presencia de antecedentes familiares de neoplasias malignas son las que marcan mayores diferencias en la intensidad con que se presentan los grupos representacionales.
Predictores familiares y conductuales de la problemática escolar en alumnos de secundaria y preparatoria
Authors: Frías Armenta Martha , Corral Verdugo Víctor , López Escobar Amelia , Díaz Méndez Sylvia , Peña Bustamante Erica
Published: September 2020

Se presenta un modelo de influencias familiares en el desarrollo de conducta antisocial, delictiva,rendimiento y problemas escolares en adolescentes. Doscientos cuatro estudiantes de educación secundaria y preparatoria fueron evaluados y sus respuestas se analizaron en un modelo estructural. Los resultados mostraron que el maltrato de los padres, el vivir en una familia no cooperativa y la ingesta de alcohol y drogas de la madre influía en el desarrollo de conducta antisocial, la cual promovía el comportamiento delictivo y afectaba negativamente el promedio escolar. La conducta delictiva y la ingesta de alcohol de la madre influían en los problemas escolares,los cuales podían ser parcialmente revertidos por las habilidades sociales de los jóvenes. Se observó la necesidad de orientación escolar a las familias para prevención.
Predictores conductuales y sociodemográficos de riesgo para el contagio del VIH y otras ITSs
Authors: Piña Julio , Fierros Luis , Cruz Moreno Humberto de la
Published: September 2020

Se evaluó a 1435 participantes con una prueba de laboratorio para detectar anticuerpos al VIH u otras infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITSs) entre 1999 y el 2000. Los resultados mostraron que (a) la mayoría acudió al Centro de Información para la Salud por primera vez; (b) La prueba de Elisa fue la más frecuentemente usada; (e) la mayoría de participantes son del género femenino y (d) el rango de edad está entre los 15 y 44 años. En relación con las conductas de riesgo, las del tipo sexual fueron las de mayor frecuencia; entre las adictivas, las del consumo de droga por vía intravenosa y alcohol fueron las más frecuentes. Correlaciones significativas, confirmadas con la prueba de bondad de ajuste Kolmogrov-Smirnov, fueron halladas entre las variables sociodemográficas.Al analizar la dimensión sexual sola y con droga intravenosa hubo una correlación significativa de la variable conductas de riesgo frente al resto de variables.
Panez, R. y Ochoa, S. (2000). Cultura Recreacional Andina.
Authors: Tejada Quiroz Paula
Published: September 2020

No contiene resumen
Panez, R., Silva, G. y Silva, M. (2000). Resiliencia en el ande
Authors: Morote Roxana
Published: September 2020

No contiene resumen
Estilos de afrontamiento y estatus performance en un grupo de pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados
Authors: Chau Cecilia , Morales Córdova Hugo , Wetzell Espinoza Micaela
Published: September 2020

Se estudian las asociaciones entre estilos de afrontamiento medidos a través del Test de Estimación del Afrontamiento COPE-versión disposicional (Carver, Scheier y Weintraub. 1989) y Estado de Salud inferido a través del Estatus Performance, medido a través del Índice de EjecuciónConductual de Karnofsky, en un grupo de 28 pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados de ambos sexos. La investigación alcanza el nivel descriptivo-correlacional, y se encontraron asociaciones entre ambas variables expresadas en correlaciones Pearson positivas y moderadas interpretadas en el siguiente sentido: a mayor empleo del estilo, menor estatus de salud entre las escalas supresión de actividades competentes, postergación del afrontamiento, apoyo social instrumental, enfocar y liberar emociones y desentendimiento conductual. La escala afrontamiento activo, presentó una correlación negativa respecto al Estatus Performance como medida de salud.
Gorenc, Klaus Dieter (1999). Alter, Revista Internacional de Teoría, Filosofía y Sociología del Derecho, 3 (7, 8, 9). Campeche, México: Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 568 p.
Authors: Llanos Zuloaga Roberto
Published: September 2020

No contiene resumen
Constitutional Piety: The Integration of Anti-Corruption Education into Islamic Religious Learning Based on Neuroscience
Authors: Suyadi Suyadi , Sumaryati Sumaryati , Hastuti Dwi , Yusmaliana Desfa , Rahmah MZ Rafika Dwi
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The new phenomenon of corruption cases that ensnared Islamic religious leaders in Indonesia indicates that so far Islamic education in Indonesia has not taught anti-corruption. As a result, religious leaders only have ritual and social piety, but do not yet have constitutional piety. From a neuroscience perspective, Corruptor's brain is basically normal but not healthy. The purpose of this study is to find a conceptual model of the integration of anti-corruption education in neuroscience-based Islamic religious learning to develop character constitutional piety. The research approach used is qualitative method in the form of Creswell model library research. Data sources are obtained from literature in the field of Islamic education, anti-corruption, and neurosciences. The Sugiyono model was performed to collect the data, namely by searching related literature, both manually and digitally. The data were then analyzed using Moleong’s content analysis. The results showed that the character of constitutional piety could be developed in students through anti-corruption education integrated with neuroscience-based Islamic religious learning. Seven forms of corruption (detrimental to the state, bribery, embezzlement, extortion, cheating, conflict of interest and gratification) are examined in perspective of jinayah jurisprudence and or anti-corruption jurisprudence (al- ghûl, riswah, khiyanat, ghasbah) then formally configured. The anticorruption education model in Islamic religious learning based on neuroscience has the potential to develop the character of ritual, social and constitutional piety integrally.Keywords. Islamic Education; Anti-corruption; Neuroscience; Ritual Piety; Social and Constitutional.
Spiritual Education Mission in the Mufassirin Perspective
Authors: Syarif Syarif
Published: September 2020

Spiritual crisis is a factor leading to disorientation in today’s modern humans and the decline of morality of the nation. The low level of spirituality is caused by an educational approach that only focuses on the brain and ignores spiritual values. The Qur'an has actually affirmed the mission of spiritual education which should be used as a reference for the current education system. This article was written using the library research method through a comparison of the way the mufassirin interpret verses about the mission of spiritual education. The results of this study show that the mission of spiritual education carried out by Muhammad (pbuh) can be seen for example in Surat Al-Anbiya' verse 107, Surat Saba' verse 28, and Surat Al-Ahzab verse 21, namely as rahmatan lil 'alamin (mercy to all creations), Muhammad (pbuh) has brought evidence the truth to perfect the akhlậq, as well as to become the followers of uswah hasanah (perfect example) which must be imitated by all humans. Meanwhile, the stages of increasing spirituality in the Surat Luqman Verses 12-19, include: (1) instilling the tauhid values, (2) being filial to parents, (3) understanding the reciprocity of each deed, (4) command to worship, (5) introducing politeness in social life. Elements of spiritual education contained in Surat al-Muzzammil Verses 1-10 include: qiyamul lail or night prayer, reciting the Qur’an in a tartil way, getting used to zikr, patience, jihad fi sabilillah or fighting on the path of Allah, and always praying and begging forgiveness from Allah.
Instructional Methods Applied by Visually Impaired Teachers in Teaching Students with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Hakiman Hakiman
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims at investigating the instructional methods applied by the Islamic religious education teacher with visual impairment in teaching the students with mild and moderate intellectual disability.This study is a qualitative descriptive research. The data were collected through in-depthinterview, observation and documentation techniques. Triangulation is used as the technique to facilitate the validation of data, including the methods, sources and theories. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique includes data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing.The findings of this study reveal that in the learning activities, the visual impaired teacher uses several methods, including lecture method, discussion method, demonstration method, and assignment method on students with mild intellectual disability. Meanwhile, the methods used on students with moderate intellectual disability include lecture method, discussion method, storytelling method, demonstration method and drilling method. The process is equipped with learning media, including audio-visual media, screen reader technology, printouts in which self-helped students also provide assistance to the teacher.This study describes the learning process of Islamic religiouseducation conducted by visually impaired teacherand it is expected that the findings will provide insight and input for teachers in teaching students with intellectual disabilities both in schools for special needs and similar inclusive schools. Keywords: Methods, Visually Impaired Teachers, Intellectually Disability, Islamic Religious Education
Penentuan Aktivitas Antikanker Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Bandotan (ageratum conyzoides linn.) Terhadap Cell Line Kanker Kolon WiDr
Authors: Lusiantika Linda , Widowati Esti Wahyu , Adihimawati Miranda
Published: September 2020

A research to test the anticancer activity of in vitro anticancer activity against colon cancer cell line WiDr Ageratum conyzoides Linn.leafs. The aims of this study are to determine anticancer activity using MTT method. The method used is the extraction of secondary metabolites using maceration with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol, followed by TLC. Crude extract maceration results that have the highest yield selected and separated by fractions using KKV. Fractions with the greatest weight was chosen to be tested anticancer activity against WiDr cell line by MTT assay. Phytochemical screening and identification of compounds by GC-MS carried out on the fraction which has the lowest IC50 value. Maceration results showed that crude ethyl acetate extract had the highest amount of yield at 7.31% and has the best separation results of TLC is characterized by the highest number of stains. Separation by KKV produce 21 fractions, 4 fractions were selected based on the weight of the total of the fraction 6, 13, 14 and 15. Test anticancer activity with a concentration of 62.5; 125; 250; 500 and 1000 mg mL-1 shows the fraction 6 has the lowest IC50 value is 251.48 mg mL-1. Based on this, the fraction 6 does not have anticancer activity. Although, the phytochemical screening showed alkaloids and terpenoids as well as the result of identification with GC-MS indicated the presence of compounds 2H-benzopyran and neophytadiene

Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides Linn. leaves, Column Cromatography Vacuum, anticancer, phytochemical, GC-MS
Sintesis Senyawa Mentil Vanilat dari Vanilin dan Aplikasinya sebagai Parfum
Authors: Risnandar Ade Irfan , Prabawati Susy Yunita
Published: September 2020

Telah dilakukan sintesis senyawa Mentil Vanilat berbahan dasar vanilin dan aplikasinyasebagai parfum. Sintesis Mentil Vanilat dilakukan melalui oksidasi vanilin dilanjutkan denganesterifikasi Asam Vanilat. Oksidasi Vanilin dilakukan menggunakan reagen Tollens danesterifikasi Asam Vanilat menggunakan senyawa mentol. Hasil oksidasi senyawa vanilindilakukan uji titik leleh dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).Esterifikasi Asam Vanilat menggunakan mentol dilakukan dengan penambahan pereaksiSOCl2. Senyawa hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR dan Proton NuclearMagnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) dan dilakukan uji organoleptik. Uji titik leleh Asam Vanilatmemberikan hasil sebesar 212°C mendekati titik leleh asam vanilat standar yaitu 210°C.Identifikasi Senyawa asam vanilat dengan FTIR ditunjukkan dengan tidak terlihatnya serapangugus C-H aldehid pada bilangan gelombang dekat 2850 cm-1 dan 2750 cm-1. Hal inimenandakan gugus aldehid dari vanilin telah teroksidasi sempurna. Esterifikasi Asam Vanilatmenggunakan mentol dengan penambahan pereaksi SOCl2 menghasilkan reaksi yangirreversible dan diperoleh cairan yang berwarna coklat yang merupakan senyawa ester MentilVanilat. Senyawa Mentil Vanilat hasil sintesis diperoleh dengan rendemen 48.05%.Identifikasi dengan FTIR menunjukkan terbentuknya senyawa Mentil Vanilat yaitu adanyaserapan gugus C-O ester pada bilangan gelombang 1219.01 cm-1 dan 1180.04 cm-1 denganFTIR, sedangkan dari hasil intepretasi 1H-NMR terlihat serapan pada pergeseran kimia 0.74-2.16 ppm yang merupakan serapan proton dari gugus mentil yang telah tersubtitusi,berdasarkan hasil identifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR dan 1H-NMR yang telahdilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa Mentil Vanilat telah berhasil disintesis.Sedangkan hasil uji organoleptik menyatakan 95% responden menyatakan harum, 100%responden menyatakan produk beraroma tajam, dan 75% responden menyukai produksenyawa hasil sintesis.
Phytochemical Screening and Quantitative Analysis of Coleus arthropurpureus Ethyl Acetate Fraction and Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Tarigan Indra Lasmana , Sari Ayu Kumala , Huda Choirul , Jovanncha Czellicya , Muadifah Afidatul
Published: September 2020

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic microbe that is caused by various diseases in humans and animals. Infectious diseases caused by S. aureus in Asia reached 70% in 2007, while in Indonesia reached 23.5%. The plant provided several bioactive compounds that might function as an antibacterial which inhibits both bacterial growth and damaging the cell system and protein synthesis. Coleus arthropurpureus known contains alkaloids and tannins that supposed to be an antibacterial compound. Tannins have antibacterial activity, in general, the mechanism is to damage the bacterial cell membrane and induce the formation of complex compound bonds to enzymes or microbial substrates. This study aims to analyze the bioactive compounds contained in C. arthropurpureus in qualitative and quantitative which have an antimicrobial function using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the reverse phase C-18 column and screening of antibacterial activity was carried out by disc diffusion method. The results of both qualitative and quantitative analysis by HPLC has obtained the presence of tannin bioactive compounds (1.48 ppm at a retention time of 2.806 minutes) and alkaloids (1.11 ppm at a retention time of 7.015). Moreover, we verified the diameter of inhibition of growth zone against S. aureus at a concentration of 15% extract was 12.80 mm. It was found that the highest percentage of the bioactive compound in C. arthropurpureus is tannin, and that is might an antibacterial agent.
Antioxidant Activity of Nipah Endophytic Fungi (Nypha fruticans Wurmb) from Tanjung Jabung Timur Jambi
Authors: Aini Fitratul , Maritsa Hasnaul , Riany Hesti
Published: September 2020

Nipah or Nypa fruticans Wurmb is a member of the Palmae tribe that lives in the Mangrove ecosystem and is known to have rich bioactive sources, one of which is antioxidants. The ability of N. fruticans as an antioxidant is also possible for endophytes associated with N. fruticans. This study aims to obtain endophytes that live in N. fruticans leaf tissue and find out their ability as antioxidant agents using synthetic free radicals 2.2 diphenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Samples taken at Nipah Panjang Tanjung Jabung Timur, Isolation and production were carried out at the Jambi University Faculty of Science and Technology Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, absorbance measurements using UV-VIS at λ 517 nm at the Jambi University CRC. The antioxidant activity of isolates was shown from the value of Inhibitor Concentration (IC50) which caused 50% loss of DPPH free radicals. From the results it was obtained that the six isolates (DN01, DN02, DN02, DN03, DN04, DN05, and DN06) value the antioxidant activity of endophytic extracts lower than vitamin C activity and still classified as weak. Even though endophytic Nypa fruticans are very weak, N. fruticans endophytic in all treatment concentrations still have the ability as antioxidants and optimization methods are needed to get good antioxidant values.

 

 Keywords: Mangrove, Nypa fruticans Wurmb, endophytes, antioxidants, DPPH
Monitoring Number Of Colifom and Escherichia Coli on Drinking Water Refill as Pollution Bioindicator
Authors: Amallia Hoetary Tirta
Published: September 2020

One of the very needed natural resources on our planet is water. A total of 70% of the Earth's surface is water utilized for human development such as drinking, irrigation and cultivating fish. Contaminated water will have a bad effect on all living creatures and their environment [7]. Sources of water pollution can be derived from manusi stool containing coliform bacteria. The research purposes will be monitoring colifom number and Escherichia coli on some samples of drinking water as a bioindicator of drinking water pollution considering the higher the population consuming drinking water refill. This resource is pure resource experiment that use design of resource descriptive analitic. The data obtained will be displayed in the frequency distribution table to see the figure of coliform and E.coli in refill drinking water. From the results of this study, of 20 samples of drinking water refill there were 14 unqualified samples where the coliform figures exceeded quality standards. And 5 positive samples of E. Coli bacteria
INTERNALIZATION OF MULTICULTURAL VALUES IN LEARNING ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT MTs YASTI BENGKAYANG
Authors: Ubabuddin Ubabuddin , Supriyatno Triyo , Nuraini Nuraini , Susilawati Susilawati , Suhari Suhari
Published: September 2020

This research was conducted at MTs Yasti Bengkayang. As an educational institution located in the transmigration area and bordered by the State of Malaysia, it has definitely the uniqueness and diversity that has been bought by everyone from their original area, then fused into a multicultural society with the ego and interests of each individual. As an Islamic educational institution in a multicultural society, MTs Yasti Bengkayang always strives to make Islam as a religion of rahmatan lil alamin through the internalization of multicultural values in schools. The purpose of this study was to find out, identify, and uncover multicultural values contained in Islamic religious education learning and instilling methods that have been carried out at MTs Yasti Bengkayang. This method was used qualitative with a case study approach. The results showed that: 1) multicultural values contained in the learning of Islamic religious education at MTs Yasti Bengkayang such as; inclusive values, peace, justice, solidarity, affection, mutual help, and forgiveness; 2) the method of investing in multicultural values were teaching, example, guidance, and habituation.
Relasi islam dan negara: studi atas pemikiran ahmad hassan (1887-1958)
Authors: Mustakim Lupik , Ali Nor Huda
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana hubungan Islam dan negara  Indonesia menurut salah satu tokoh pembaharuan Islam atau juga sering dikenal dengan guru Persatuan Islam (PERSIS), yaitu Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958). Banyak orang mengenal Ahmad Hassan sebagai seorang ulama dikarenakan tulisan-tulisannya banyak memuat tentang persoalan-persoalan agama. Selain itu, ia dekenal sebagai ulama yang pandai berdebat. Keyakinan dasar pemikiran Ahmad Hassan tentang agama yang berpatokan kepada Alqur’an dan Sunnah membuatnya berani  dalam berdebat menghadapi siapapun, termasuk dalam masalah politik. Dengan pendekatan historis, ada tiga poin penting  yang dikemukakan oleh Ahmad Hassan. Ketiga poin itu menyangkut: ideologi negara, perundang-undangan, dan konsepsi kepemiminan.

 

Kata kunci: -Ahmad Hassan, -Islam, -Negara
“Beatriz” ou O lirismo de arranha-céu
Authors: Longman Gabriela Strozenberg
Published: September 2020

Sobre melodia de Edu Lobo, Chico Buarque escreveu “Beatriz” em 1982, como parte do balé O grande circo místico. O presente ensaio propõe uma análise quase que verso a verso para a letra da canção, buscando mapear as referências – literárias, arquitetônicas, políticas, geográficas – presentes e propondo uma interpretação geral baseada nos conceitos de contemplação, ascensão celestial e melancolia. Embora a Divina Comédia, de Dante, seja o principal universo referencial evocado, diversos outros textos e contextos se conjugam para descrever a figura feminina da “bela atriz”, numa sucessão de indagações e suposições sobre sua figura. Pensando em separado sobre cada uma das imagens evocadas, partimos, num segundo momento, para uma análise sobre os grandes fios que perpassam e costuram a composição.
PROFIL PENGETAHUAN MAHASISWA INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTASIDA
Authors: Susetyo Ersalia , Agustin Ermawati Dwi , Hanuni Hurindina , Chasanah Rafiqa Amalia , Lestari Elda Yuliana Dwi , Rana Rana , Leo Yehezkiel Alfa Ludji , Rizqulloh Zulfia Almas , Meldaviati Galina , Fardha Jamilatul , Febriansyah Ferri , Susanto Didy Pratama Maylana , Sholikah Faridatus , Pristianty Liza
Published: September 2020

Obat terapi gastritis yang banyak digunakan di kalangan mahasiswa adalah antasida. Pengetahuan tentang antasida berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan penggunaan obat antasida yang berdampak pada keberhasilan terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil pengetahuan mahasiswa Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember terhadap penggunaan obat antasida. Penelitian ini bersifat observasi melalui metode survei menggunakan instrumen kuesioner, berdasarkan waktu cross sectional. Sejumlah 130 orang sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik  accidental sampling. Data dianalisis dengan cara skoring jawaban pertanyaan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa dengan pengetahuan penggunaan obat antasida yang baik sebesar 61(47%) orang dan pengetahuan cukup 69(53%) orang, sedangkan dari total responden tersebut yang pernah mengalami maag sebanyak 84 (66%) orang dan sisanya sebanyak  44(34%) orang belum pernah mengalaminya. Sejumlah 75 (58%) orang mendapatkan obat dari apotek, sedangkan sisanya memperoleh dari tempat lain. Pengetahuan yang baik tentang penggunaan obat akan meningkatkan keberhasilan terapi. Upaya promosi kesehatan merupakan hal penting untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang penggunaan obat antasida yang benar.
PENGETAHUAN MENGENAI SUNSCREEN DAN BAHAYA PAPARAN SINAR MATAHARI SERTA PERILAKU MAHASISWA TEKNIK SIPIL TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN SUNSCREEN
Authors: Mumtazah Edlia Fadilah , Salsabila Shofi , Lestari Eka Suci , Rohmatin Alfin Khoirul , Ismi Alif Noviana , Rahmah Hana Aulia , Mugiarto Dewa , Daryanto Ilman , Billah Muhtadi , Salim Odilia Stefani , Damaris Alfin Renaldi , Astra Andri Dwi , Zainudin Latifah Binti , Ahmad Gusti Noorrizka Veronika
Published: September 2020

Indonesia berada di garis khatulistiwa yang memungkinkan terpapar sinar matahari dengan intensitas yang tinggi. Paparan sinar matahari dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada kulit karena radiasi sinar ultra violet (UV). Mengingat tentang bahaya radiasi sinar UV, maka kulit perlu dilindungi meski tubuh telah menyediakan sistem perlindungan alami. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur pengetahuan mahasiswa teknik sipil mengenai sunscreen, bahaya paparan sinar matahari, dan perilaku terhadap pengaplikasian sunscreen. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode survei dengan instrumen kuesioner pada mahasiswa aktif teknik sipil yang telah atau sedang mengikuti praktik kerja lapangan (PKL). Dari data survei diperoleh mahasiswa teknik sipil yang sudah menggunakan sunscreen 180 responden dari 210 responden. Namun ketepatan dalam penggunaan sunscreen masih dinilai kurang serta pengetahuan tentang pemilihan sunscreen yang sesuai dan terkait penggunaannya masih rendah dilihat dari mayoritas responden yang tidak melakukan reapply (78,4%) sehingga perlu adanya edukasi pada mahasiswa teknik sipil mengenai sunscreen yang meliputi pemilihan, pengaplikasian dan cara membersihkan sunscreen yang benar.
Characteristics of Atrial Fibrillation Based On Age, Sex, and Etiology
Authors: Husniyah Barizatul , Herwanto Bambang , Handajani Noor Idha
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one type of arrhythmia that occurs frequently to patients in the last decade. AF patients have five times higher risk to stroke and death, and they also have two times higher risk compared to others. A correct selection of governance in AF could result in better prognosis of the patients. The aim of this study was to explain AF of the outpatients in Department of Cardiology of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in February 2018, so that it can detect early AF and prevent further advanced complications. Methods: This research was descriptive method design. The population and sample of this study included all of the patients who had AF and came to out-patient care in Department of Cardiology of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in February 2018. This research was real-time total sampling and was analyzed descriptively.Results: In this study, 60 samples which were suitable to the criteria were gained with the numbers of 25 males (41.7%) and 35 females (58.3%). AF attacked more patients in age 51-60 years old (31.7%). The most common etiology of AF is rheumatic heart disease (60%).Conclusion: Most of AF patients in this study were 51-60 years old, female, and were caused by rheumatic heart disease. With the lack information, it still needed further studies with more complete data for better accuracy.
The Far Eastern State Scientific library – a professional communication center
Authors: Danilova L. Yu.
Published: September 2020

One of the system-forming elements in the library sphere are central libraries of the Russian Federation subjects (national, territorial, regional), which provide methodical maintenance of library activities in their region. The main task of methodical centers is to develop and improve methods of work performed by library specialists. The Far Eastern State Scientific Library is the methodical center for public libraries in the Khabarovsk Territory. There is a specialized division – the Department of Research and Methodical work – in its structure. In the course of scientific and methodical activities, the division is implementing information, organizational, research and pedagogical functions, so the structure of the department includes a group of methodical maintenance, a group of specialists engaged in research work, and a licensed center for additional professional training. Well-organized professional communication is the key to the successful development of the region library sector. Consideration of methodological support as an activity to organize and maintain professional communication of library professionals will reveal how effectively such communication is organized, what types, forms and channels of communication are used in the process of methodological support of the library institution activities in the region. The Library gives great attention to the communication formation at various levels (interpersonal, group, mass), and strives to use all available forms (written, spoken, visual) and channels (spoken, document, electronic) of communication. The article objective is to elucidate the Library experience of methodical support of public libraries in the Khabarovsk Territory.
Cyrillic writing system: from Slavic to Romanian
Authors: Pascal A. D.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to Cyrillic handwritten books of the XIII–XIX centuries, created in the Romanian principalities, and stored today in the manuscript collections of the Russian State Library. The uniqueness of the writing system, functioning in the principalities (Wallachia, Moldavia, Transylvania) since their political formation, is that it was a Cyrillic script based on the old Slavic language with a predominant Roman-speaking population. In course of the writing system’ development in the principalities, there was a transition from the Slavic font to the Latin one; the intermediate result of this transition was the creation of monuments written in Romanian language with Cyrillic script. The main stages of this process are considered by reference to the specific examples of unique handwritten books and their fragments that have become objects for collecting by scientists, antiquaries, and Old Believers, whose book collections have formed the basis of the handwritten collections of the Russian State Library. They are the oldest Cyrillic manuscripts and their fragments dated to the XII–XIV centuries, found on the territory of Romania, Slavic manuscripts, produced mainly in monasteries of principalities in the XV–XVII centuries, translations of individual words into the Romanian language in the rewritten Slavic texts in the XVI century; the glosses and comments in Romanian on the margins of Slavic manuscripts in the XVI–XVIII centuries; numerous notes in the Romanian language in the manuscripts of the XVI–XVIII centuries, made by owners and readers; translations of literary monuments, including bilingual (Slavic–Romanian) and trilingual (Slavic–Latin–Romanian) versions in the XVI–XVIII centuries; Romanian–Slavic and Slavic–Romanian dictionaries in the XVII–XVIII centuries; letters and their copies in the Romanian language (sureties) in the XVI–XIX centuries. The article is an intermediate outcome of studying and describing Cyrillic Romanian handwritten books in the collections of the Russian State Library, which will result in the publication of a hard–copy catalog.
Spanish libraries in COVID-19 pandemic period
Authors: Pshenichnaya E. V.
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the effective operations of Spanish libraries in association with the Spanish Federation of Societies of Archivist, Librarians, Documentarists and Museologists (FESABID) and the information resources, provided by the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) to support libraries around the world during the pandemic. The author highlights the role of Spanish librarians in their struggle with fake news, which constitute a menace for Spanish citizens’ life and safety. The article evaluates the “eBiblio” online loan service’ work experience, launched by the Ministry of Culture and Sports of Spain in collaboration with Spanish libraries in 2002. The article considers the information specialists’ experience in the development of the State Protocol of the Ministry of Health in Spain regarding the libraries reopening after the pandemic. The article considers the IFLA Library Map of the World as the main tool for getting reliable library statistics in pandemic. The author attempts to comprehend the role of a library as an institution of culture in the post-pandemic era.
Library reality online
Authors: Bekbalakova G. A.
Published: September 2020

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Polyethylene Identification in Ocean Water Samples by Means of 50 Kev Energy Electron Beam
Authors: Adlish John. I , Costa Davide , Mainardi Enrico , Neuhold Piero , Surrente Riccardo , Tagliapietra Luca J.
Published: September 2020

The study presented hereafter shows a new methodology to reveal traces of polyethylene (the most common microplastic particles, known as a structure of C2H4) in a sample of ocean water by the irradiation of a 50 keV, 1 µA electron beam. This is performed by analyzing the photon (produced by the electrons in water ) fluxes and spectra (i.e. fluxes as a function of photon energy) at different types of contaminated water with an adequate device and in particular looking at the peculiar interactions of electrons/photons with the potential abnormal atomic hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), phosphorus (P) compositions present in the water, as a function of living and not living organic organisms with a PO4 group RNA/DNA strands in a cluster configuration through a volumetric cells grid.
Aplikasi Teknik Kromatografi Ion pada Penentuan Kadar Mineral Mikro Kation (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, dan Sr2+) dan Anion (F-, Cl-, Br-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42–, dan PO43-) dalam Sampel Air Panas Bumi untuk Tujuan Balneoterapi
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Oktavia Budhi
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK.Sebuah studi telah dilakukan untuk menentukan kadar mineral mikro kation dan anion dalam sampel air panas bumi dengan teknik kromatografi ion. Semua sampel yang dikumpulkan, berasal dari beberapa titik sumber air panas bumi di Jailolo, Provinsi Maluku Utara. Kromatografi ion telah dikenal sebagai metode analitik yang sangat populer digunakan untuk menentukan kadar anorganik kation dan anion dalam berbagai jenis sampel air. Metode deteksi kromatografi ion menggunakan sistem konduktivitas yang tidak tertekan dan tertekan dapat diterapkan pada masing-masing penentuan kadar mineral kation dan anion. Dalam penelitian ini, kromatografi ion dengan sistem konduktivitas tidak ditekan digunakan untuk penentuan 7 jenis kation seperti Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, dan Sr2+, sedangkan kromatografi ion dengan sistem konduktivitas ditekan digunakan untuk penentuan 7 jenis anion seperti F-, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, dan PO43-. Pada kadar 2,5 mmol/L HNO3 dan kombinasi 6 mmol/L Na2CO3+0,5 mmol/L NaHCO3 digunakan sebagai fase gerak untuk masing-masing penentuan kadar mineral mikro kation dan anion.

ABSTRACT. Application of Ion Chromatography Technique to the Determination of Micro Mineral Concentration of Cations (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+) and Anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42–, and PO43-) in Geothermal Water Samples for Balneotherapy.A study was conducted to determine the micro mineral concentration of cations and anions in geothermal water samples by ion chromatography (IC) techniques. All the samples were collected at several sampling points in Jailolo district, North Maluku Province. IC has been known to be a very popular analytical method used to determine the concentration of cations and anions in various types of water samples. With non-suppressed and suppressed conductivity detection, IC systems can be applied for the determination of cations and anions, respectively. In this study, IC with a non-suppressed system was used for the determination of seven cations such as Na+, NH4+, K+ Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+. Meanwhile,IC witha suppressed system was used for the determination of 7 anions such as F-, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, and PO43-. A solution of 2.5 mmol/L HNO3 and a combination of 6 mmol/L Na2CO3 and 0.5 mmol/L NaHCO3 were used as the eluent for the determination of mineral cations and anions, respectively.
Perubahan Makna Kosakata Bahasa Arab yang Diserap ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Ukhrawiyah Faizetul
Published: September 2020

The amount of Arabic vocabulary absorbed into Indonesian can cause several problems, one of which is in the field of word meaning. Absorption words that come from different languages ​​are very possible to experience changes from the original meaning. Therefore, the researcher wants to study further about the form of Arabic vocabulary that has been absorbed into Indonesian and experienced changes in meaning and what factors can cause changes in meaning in Arabic vocabulary that are absorbed into Indonesian. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method followed by analyzing the data obtained and presenting it in the form of a description. The results of this study indicate that changes in meaning that occur in Arabic vocabulary that are absorbed into Indonesian include three things, namely the expansion of meaning, narrowing of meaning, and change in total meaning. The factors that cause changes in meaning are developments in science and technology, social and cultural development, differences in usage fields, the existence of associations, differences in responses, grammatical processes, and the development of terms.
Pembelajaran Mahārat al-Kalām pada Program Kursus Bahasa Arab Spesial Ramadan di Pesantren Darul Lughah Waddirasatil Islamiyah, Pamekasan, Madura
Authors: Mahbub Humaidi Aziz  , M. Syathibi Nawawi  , Muhammad Alfan
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the learning process (material, methods, media, and evaluation), effectiveness, and efficiency of learning mahārat al-kalām on the Ramadan Special Arabic course program at Pondok Pesantren Darul Lughah Waddirasatil Islamiyah (PP DLWI), Pamekasan, Madura. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive methods, while quantitative data used simple statistics consisting of the stages of preparation, tabulation, and data processing. The results of this study prove that (1) the learning process of mahārat al-kalām consists of materials, methods, media, and evaluations that are tailored to each level; mubtadi’, mutawassiṭ, and mutaqaddim; (2) the effectiveness of mahārat al-kalām learning in this program is, the mubtadi’  level of 87.33% (very effective), the mutawassiṭ rate of 95.6% (very effective), and the mutaqaddim rate of 98% (very effective); (3) The efficiency of mahārat al-kalām learning in this program is, the mubtadi’  level of 88.25% (very efficient), the mutawassiṭ rate of 90.88% (very efficient), and the mutaqaddim rate of 94.05% (very efficient).
Out-of-hours workload among Norwegian general practitioners – an observational study
Authors: Rebnord Ingrid Keilegavlen , Morken Tone , Maartmann-Moe Kjell , Hunskaar Steinar
Published: September 2020

Background: Repeated studies of working hours among Norwegian regular general practitioners (RGPs) have shown that the average total number of weekly working hours has remained unchanged since 1994 and up until 2014. For both male and female RGPs, the mean total weekly working hours amounted to almost 50 hours in 2014. In recent years, Norwegian RGPs have become increasingly dissatisfied. They experience significantly increased workload without compensation in the form of more doctors or better payment. A study from the Norwegian Directorate of Health in 2018 (the RGP study) showed that Norwegian RGPs worked 55.6 hours weekly (median 52.5). 25% of the respondents worked more than 62.2 hours weekly. Based on data from the RGP study we investigated Norwegian RGP’s out-of-hours (OOH) work, how the working time was distributed, and to what extent the OOH work affected the regular working hours.Methods: In early 2018, an electronic survey was sent to all 4640 RGPs in Norway. Each RGP reported how many minutes that were spent that particular day on various tasks during seven consecutive days. Working time also included additional tasks in the municipality, other professional medical work and OOH primary health care. Differences were analysed by independent t-tests, and regression analyses. Results: 1876 RGPs (40.4%) responded, 640 (34.1%) had registered OOH work. Male RGPs worked on average 1.5 hours more doing regular work than did females (p=0.001) and on average 2.3 hours more OOH work than females (p=0.079). RGPs with no OOH work registered a mean of 1.0 hours more clinical work than RGPs working OOH (p=0.043). There was a large variation in OOH working hours. A linear regression analysis showed that male RGPs and RGPs in rural areas had the heaviest OOH workload. ﻿Conclusions: One in three Norwegian RGPs undertook OOH work during the registration week in the RGP study. OOH work was done in addition to a sizeable regular workload as an RGP. We found small gender differences. OOH work was not compensated with reduced regular RGP work.