bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time Disparities in Stroke Care Access: A Prospective Comparative Study of Patients Transported by Emergency Medical Services Stroke Pathway Versus by Private Cars in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alabdali Abdullah , Alqahtani Afnan , Alghaith Alanowd , Alowayid Reem , Alsagri Shaden , Alshamari Alanwd , Alsaleh Ali , Aldibasi Omar , Alsenani Fahmi
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Stroke is an emergency condition that can lead to long-term disability or death if not recognized early and managed appropriately. Emergency medical service (EMS) providers play a significant role in recognizing, stabilizing, and transporting patients with suspected stroke to the nearest appropriate facility. Recently, a new stroke pathway was implemented in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in which suspected stroke patients are transported immediately to King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), and the stroke team is notified prior to the patient's arrival.
Study Objective:
This study aimed to compare the time of care access for stroke patients transported by EMS using the new stroke pathway with that when transporting by private cars.
Methods
This prospective study was conducted at KFMC from January 17 to December 31 2022, focusing on adult patients whose stroke codes were activated during that year. Patient characteristics, time to care access, and their 90-day mortality outcomes were also recorded. The SAS software (version 9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA) was used for all analyses.
Results
Altogether, 478 patients were included in the study; 173 were transported by EMS, whereas the remaining 305 were transported by private car. The majority of cases in the EMS group were categorized as moderate, moderate-to-severe, and severe based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, compared to the majority of cases in the private car group that were categorized as moderate, minor, or severe. The median time to stroke care access was significantly shorter in the private car group than in the EMS group. Additionally, the EMS group had a higher mortality rate than the private car group, although the difference was not significant (P = 0.2826).
Conclusion
The significant difference in the time of care access between the two groups indicated that patients transported by EMS using the new stroke pathway received care faster than those transported by private cars.
Theoretical Exploring of Potential mechanisms of Antithrombotic Ingredients in Danshen-Chishao Herb-Pair by Network Pharmacological Study, Molecular Docking and Zebrafish Models
Authors: Rao Chang , Hu Ruixue , Hu Yongxin , Jiang Yan , Zou Xu , Tang Huilan , Hu Guang
Published: February 2024

Background Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen, DS) and Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao, CS) herbal pair (DS-CS) is a famous traditional Chinese combination which has been used as antithrombotic formular for centuries. However, there is still lack of sufficient scientific evidence to illustrate its underlying mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antithrombotic effects of DS-CS extract in zebrafish and explore its possible mechanism of action.
Methods In our investigation, the antithrombotic activities of DS-CS extract and a 1:1 combination of its major components, Salvianolic acid A (SAA) and Paeoniflorin (PF), were evaluated in zebrafish. Network pharmacological study methods and molecular docking were performed to identify the key protein targets.
Results The results showed that both DS-CS extract and the combination of PF and SAA exhibited good antithrombotic activity in zebrafish. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis identified key genes like ALB, SRC, MMP9, CASP3, EGFR, FGF2, KDR, MMP2, F2 and F10 correlated with the antithrombotic action of PF and SAA. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis indicated involvement of lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding of PF and SAA to pivotal hub genes, including SRC, EGFR, and F10.
Conclusion This research provides information and insights into the possible mechanisms of the antithrombotic activity of DS-CS.
Phosphatidylinositol promoted the proliferation and invasion of pituitary adenoma cells by regulating POU1F1 expresion
Authors: Yang Wei , Xu Tongjiang , Zhai Xiaodong , Wang RuiWei , Wu Xiaoben , Zhou ZhiZhen , Shang MiaoMiao , Wang Chongcheng , Qi Tengfei
Published: February 2024

Invasiveness of pituitary adenoma is the main cause of its poor prognosis, mechanism of which remains largely unknown. In this study, the differential proteins between invasive and non-invasive pituitary tumors (IPA and NIPA) were identified by TMT labeled quantitative proteomics. The differential metabolites in venous bloods from patients with IPA and NIPA were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics. Proteomic data showed that the top five up-regulated proteins were AD021, C2orf15, PLCXD3, HIST3H2BB and POU1F1, and the top five down-regulated proteins were AIPL1, CALB2, GLUD2, SLC4A10 and GTF2I. Metabolomic data showed that phosphatidylinositol (PI) was most remarkably up-regulated and melibiose was most obviously down-regulated. Further investigation demonstrated that PI stimulation increased the expression of PITPNM1, POU1F1, C2orf15 and LDHA as well as the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, and promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of GH3 cells, which were blocked by PITPNM1knockdown. Inhibiting AKT phosphorylation reduced the expression of POU1F1, C2orf15 and LDHA in PI-stimulated cells while activating AKT increased their expression in PITPNM1-silencing cells, which was similar to the function of ERK. POU1F1 silence suppressed the expression of LDHA and C2orf15. Luciferase report assay and ChIP assay demonstrated that POU1F1 positively regulated the transcription of LDHA and C2orf15. In addition, PI propelled the metastasis of GH3 cells in vivo, and elevated the expression of PITPNM1, POU1F1, C2orf15 and LDHA. These results suggested that elevated serum PI might contribute to the proliferation and invasion of pituitary adenoma by regulating the expression of PITPNM1/AKT/ERK/POU1F1 axis.
Spatiotemporal heterogeneity and protective polarization of astrocytes depending on intercellular interaction after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Qu Yan , Feng Dayun , Zhang Yu , Zhou Jinpeng , Liu Haixiao , Li Kailu , Li Fei , Dong Baowen , Li Leiyang , Wang Tinghao , Luo Jianing , Cai Yaning , Guo Wei , Song Xinqiang , Ge Shunnan , Wang Lei
Published: February 2024

Multiple cells and their interactions in the perihematomal lesions play crucial roles in the progression of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but full dynamics of intercellular interactions among the resident and peripheral cells remain incompletely characterized. Here we provided a dynamic single-cell transcriptome landscape of the perihematomal lesions from ICH mice. Astrocytes emerged as the primary signal recipients in the cell-cell communication network, exhibiting spatiotemporal diversity with six identified subtypes surrounding the hematoma in both ICH mice and patients. Notably, A2, A-glia, and A-regen subtypes of astrocytes dominantly formed the palisading astrocyte scar at day 7 post-ICH exerting neuroprotection and brain repair. The ligand-receptor pair PSAP-GPR37L1, dominant in incoming signaling of astrocytes post-ICH, was essential in astrocyte scar formation and protective polarization, thus mitigating brain injury. Overall, our study provided a comprehensive profile of intercellular interactions in perihematomal lesions following ICH and highlighted astrocyte heterogeneity in the pathologic processes and early intervention.
Oral Hygiene Behavior among Adolescents in Mongolia: Results from the Global School-based Health Survey 2019
Authors: Badarch Javzan , Jargaltsogt Delgertstetseg , Enkhtaivan Bilguun , Bat-Orshikh Nyamdelger , Chuluunbaatar Bayar , Batbaatar Suvd , Paulik Edit , Badral Batbayar
Published: February 2024

Tooth brushing at least twice a day is a crucial role for the prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The aim of the current study was to examine the prevalence of poor oral hygiene (tooth brushing less than two times per day) and to identify the associated factors among adolescents in Mongolia. We analyzed data from the 2019 Mongolian Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted nationwide among 10–18-year-old students. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the correlates of poor oral hygiene. Overall, 35.6% of the adolescents reported to have poor oral hygiene in 2019. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association in the total sample of poor oral hygiene with male gender, poor hand hygiene behaviors including did not wash hand before eating, did not wash hand after toilet and handwashing without soap, being bullied, lack of close friends, smoking, exposure to second-hand smoke, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. Several factors, including hand hygiene behaviors, mental distress, substance use, and health risk behaviors were found to be associated, which can aid in designing school-based dental health education intervention strategies to help students to develop habits that improve their health.
Integrin α7 regulates the development of the myodural bridge complex in rats
Authors: Liu Yun-Feng , Zhang Lu , Song Xue , Zhang Xin-Yuan , Sun Jing-Xian , Shao Qing , Wang Jia-Wei , Yuan Xiao-Ying , Chi Yan-Yan , Zhang Ruo-Tong , Yu Sheng-Bo , Ma Wei , Sui Hong-Jin
Published: February 2024

The myodural bridge (MDB) is a fibrous structure that connects the suboccipital musculature to the cervical spinal dura mater (SDM) via the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial interspaces. Muscles, ligaments, and MDB fibers integrated a functional unit known as MDB complex (MDBC). MDB is an evolutionarily conserved physiological structure that is considered as a dynamic source of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Integrin α7 (ITGA7) plays a crucial role in transmitting both longitudinal and lateral forces generated by muscle contraction. To explore the molecular mechanism and the force transmission role of MDB, shRNA-ITGA7 lentivirus vectors were injected into the rectus capitis dorsal minor (RCDmi) of neonatal rats. Inhibition of ITGA7 expression led to muscle dystrophy and an increase in loose and lacked directionality MDB fibers in the atlanto-occipital interspace. Collagen fibers displayed varying thicknesses and formed interlaced clusters. Numerous fibroblasts remained interspersed among the MDB fibers. Inhibition of ITGA7 expression impedes MDBC development and formation. The study indicates that suboccipital muscle stress influences MDB fiber differentiation and maturation, confirming the role of MDB in transmitting this stress to SDM and in cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of ITGA7 as a pivotal regulator in MDBC development.
Development of optimization-based budget allocation model for seismic reinforcement based on seismic risk assessment
Authors: Kim Jong-Kwan , Kim Seok-Jung , Song Ho-Min , Yoo Mintaek
Published: February 2024

In this study, we developed a technology to predict the economic damage to facilities in a certain area during an earthquake to facilitate the efficient application of performance-based maintenance and seismic reinforcement. Additionally, we derived an algorithm for establishing a reinforcement plan that can minimize earthquake damage within a limited budget. The fragility function for earthquake damage assessment utilized the results of previous studies and an optimization-based budget allocation algorithm for seismic reinforcement was developed by calculating the estimated damage before and after seismic reinforcement based on target damage ratio(TDR) concept and linear approximation (COBYLA) algorithm. To verify the applicability of the developed model, a fictitious city with a 30km x 30km section was set up, and bridges, embankments, and buildings were placed. In addition, the pre- and post-reinforcement damages were evaluated according to two earthquake scenarios, and the optimization-based budget allocation model that can minimize the damages was applied.
Feature Fusion for Epileptic Seizure Detection from EEG Data: A CNN- Based Approach with High Precision
Authors: S Kavya B , Prasad S. N.
Published: February 2024

This study presents a novel method for automatic seizure identification in epilepsy by applying a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to spectrogram pictures of electroencephalogram (EEG) data. The research uses the Python programming language and Jupyter Notebook for its implementation; its goal is to improve seizure detection throughput and precision. By converting EEG data to spectrogram pictures, the approach provides a rich time frequency representation ideal for enhanced feature extraction. In addition, a random forest (RF) method is used for auxiliary feature extraction, which boosts the model’s discriminatory ability. The deep CNN undergoes training using spectrogram images, facilitating the autonomous classification of EEG signals into two distinct categories: one indicative of a healthy state and the other representing ictal conditions. The implementation is accomplished using Python and the powerful TensorFlow and Keras libraries within a Jupyter Notebook environment. To test the consistency and applicability of the proposed method, the experimental assessment uses the Bonn University database, which contains a various situation. The results show that the deep CNN model is highly effective at differentiating between normal EEG patterns and those caused by seizures, with a remarkable classification accuracy of 98.4%. Furthermore, this work adds to the increasing body of knowledge in automated seizure identification, which may have implications for real-time monitoring and enhanced patient care beyond the high classification accuracy observed.
Health-related quality of life and its determinants among school-going adolescents in Garhwal division of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Kumari Ranjeeta , Seth Aswani Kumar , Singh Yogesh , Aravindan Nisarg , Nath Bhola
Published: February 2024

Background
Adolescents are exposed to environmental factors and different developmental processes that impact their health. The study aims to assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of school-going adolescents and its associated determinants.
Methods
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 634 randomly selected adolescents from 13 randomly selected schools in Uttarakhand, India. They were screened using the short version of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire. Along with physical activity and fitness assessment, the Global School-based Student Health Survey questionnaire was administered. The transformed HRQoL domain scores were calculated using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. A univariate and multivariable linear regression model was applied to identify the determinants of HRQoL.
Results
There were 324 (51.1%) boys and 310 (48.9%) girls. The mean (± SD) age of students was 14.4 (± 1.4) years. The highest mean (± SD) score was 72.3 (± 21.0) for the social relationship domain and the lowest mean (± SD) was 55.6 (± 15.0) for the physical domain. The age, parents using any form of tobacco, a history of ever consuming alcohol and physical fitness were significantly associated with HRQoL domain scores. The non-dominant back stretch test was also associated (Beta coefficient; SE; p-value) with physical (-4.1; 1.4; 0.002), psychosocial (-3.9; 1.5; 0.010) and environment (-3.5; 1.4; 0.014) domain scores.
Conclusion
All domains of HRQoL need improvement to address the unaccounted psychological, social and mental well-being of adolescents. Addressing substance abuse in the family and promoting physical fitness in school would help improve HRQoL among them.
Peanut LEAFY COTYLEDON1-type genes participate in regulating the embryo development and the accumulation of storage lipids
Authors: Tang Guiying , Xu Pingli , Jiang Chunyu , Li Guowei , Shan Lei , Wan Shubo
Published: February 2024

LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) isa member of the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) family of transcription factors and has been identified as a key regulator of embryonic development. In the present study, two LEC1-type genes from Arachis hypogeae were identified and designated as AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10; these genes belong to subgenome A and subgenome B, respectively. The functions of AhNF-YB1and AhNF-YB10 were investigated by complementation analysis of their defective phenotypes of the Arabidopsis lec1-2 mutant and by ectopic expression in wild-type Arabidopsis. The results indicated that both AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10 participate in regulating embryogenesis, embryo development, and reserve deposition in cotyledons and that they have partial functional redundancy. In contrast, AhNF-YB10 complemented almost all the defective phenotypes of lec1-2 in terms of embryonic morphology and hypocotyl length, while AhNF-YB1 had only a partial effect. In addition, 30%-40% of the seeds of the AhNF-YB1 transformants exhibited a decreasing germination ratio and longevity. Therefore, appropriate spatiotemporal expression of these genes is necessary for embryo morphogenesis at the early development stage and is responsible for seed maturation at the mid-late development stage. On the other hand, overexpression of AhNF-YB1or AhNF-YB10 at the middle to late stages of Arabidopsis seed development improved the weight, oil content, and fatty acid composition of the transgenic seeds. Moreover, the expression levels of several genes associated with fatty acid synthesis and embryogenesis were significantly greater in developing AhNF-YB10-overexpressing seeds than in control seeds. This study provides a theoretical basis for breeding oilseed crops with high yields and high oil content.
Variable-Order interval Type-II Fuzzy Fractional PID Controller for Load Frequency Control Optimized via Hybrid Optimization
Authors: Khaniki Mohammad Ali Labbaf , Tavakoli-Kakhki Mahsan , Teshnehlab Mohammad
Published: February 2024

The main goal of the Load Frequency Control (LFC) system is to reduce the deviation of frequency and stabilize the power system against disturbances. In this paper, a Variable-Order interval type-II Fuzzy Fractional PID (VOFFPID) controller with hybrid optimization is proposed for frequency control of multi-source two-area interconnected power system. Interval type-II Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) determines the coefficients of the Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller and the derivative and integral order online, to give a higher degree of freedom to the controller. This model includes hydro, thermal and gas generation in each area. To improve the performance of the system, the initial control parameters of the FOPID controller have been obtained using Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). Moreover, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is used to optimize the consequent part of the fuzzy controller during control procedure. To verify the robustness of the proposed control system, the designed controller is applied in the presence of a wide range of disturbances, uncertainties and nonlinearity. The controller is capable of guaranteeing the integrity since when the controller of one area is dropped, the other controller can control the whole system.
Feasibility, usability and effectiveness of a robot-assisted finger proprioception therapy
Authors: Zbytniewska-Mégret Monika , Salzmann Christian , Sehle Aida , Ranzani Raffaele , Kanzler Christoph M. , Gassert Roger , Liepert Joachim , Lambercy Olivier
Published: February 2024

Background: Neurological injuries, such as stroke, often lead to motor and somatosensory impairments of the hand. Deficits in somatosensation, especially proprioception, result in difficulties performing activities of daily living involving fine motor tasks. As those impairments are challenging to accurately evaluate and monitor, therapies rarely focus on proprioception specifically, even though it has been shown that such training could promote functional benefits. In this work we propose and preliminarily evaluate the feasibility, usability and effectiveness of a robot-assisted therapy focused on finger proprioception.
Methods: We designed and implemented on an existing robotic platform (ETHMIKE) five therapeutic exercises, focusing on finger somatosensation, two targeting passive and three active position sense. The difficulty level of the therapy exercises was automatically adapted to each patient’s proprioceptive impairment, assessed using the same platform (i.e., assessment-driven therapy). Nine subacute stroke participants completed the robotic therapy for at least two weeks, 30 minutes per day, five times a week. Data was compared to a control group based on a previously collected dataset where subacute stroke participants received usual care and the same assessments.
Results: We found that the proposed exercises were feasible for stroke participants, as everyone managed to progress in difficulty levels. Moreover, the exercise performance averaged between 59% and 70% of maximum possible performance for the different exercises, indicating adequacy of the difficulty adaptation algorithm and a balance between motivation and challenge. Further, usability was rated as acceptable, as NASA Task Load Index (raw TLX), which provides an overall workload score, was mostly below 50%, except for mentaldemand. There was a significant improvement in proprioceptive error and in the Box and Block Test score from study inclusion to discharge for the intervention group, which was not the case for the control group.
Conclusions: This work demonstrated the first insights into feasibility, usability and effectiveness of a novel robot-assisted therapeutic approach. These encouraging results pave the way for further development and validation of therapy approaches focusing on somatosensory function.
Psychometric Properties and Validity of Inventory of Symptoms of Professional Traumatic Grief and Relevance to Clinical Practice.
Authors: Gilart Ester , Bocchino Anna , Lepiani Isabel , Gilart Patricia , Nuñez Maria José Cantizano , Dueñas María
Published: February 2024

Background
Traumatic grief can exert a considerable influence on the mental and physical well-being of nurses, potentially altering their ability to provide high quality care. This impact is most pronounced in specific contexts such as health emergencies, palliative care and paediatric intensive care units. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, health professionals have faced an unprecedented increase in loss and trauma, and this situation is seen as an exacerbating factor in complicated bereavement. Despite the availability of instruments for the assessment of prolonged or pathological grief, there is a pressing need for additional studies that allow for a more accurate understanding and measurement of this phenomenon, filling certain existing methodological gaps. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Symptoms of Professional Traumatic Grief (ISDUTYP), with a view to improving assessment tools in this field.
Method
Construct validity, reliability, criterion validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity were assessed. The scale's psychometric properties were tested with 930 nursing professionals. The data were collected between September 2022 and January 2023.
Results
A total of 930 people took part in the study. The factorial analysis of ISDUTYP showed that, according to eigenvalues and the scree plot, the optimal number of factors was 2. These factors consisted of 13 and 12 items, respectively, and had clinical significance. Factor 1 could be termed "Behavioural Symptoms," while Factor 2 could be termed "Emotional Symptoms." Cronbach's alpha values demonstrated excellent reliability for all scores. In particular, Cronbach's alpha was 0.964 for the overall score, 0.950 for the behavioural symptoms subscale, and 0.950 for the emotional symptoms subscale. Regarding criterion validity, all expected correlations were statistically significant. Finally, almost all hypotheses defined of convergent and discriminant validity were fulfilled.
Conclusions
The high reliability and validity of the scale supports its use in research and clinical practice to assess the impact of professional traumatic grief and enhance its treatment. The validated scale for measuring nurses' grief has significant implications in clinical practice, allowing for the identification and management of nurses' grief, fostering a healthy work environment, and improving patient care quality.
Mitochondrial DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is associated with the prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a cohort study
Authors: Fukihara Jun , Sakamoto Koji , Ikeyama Yoshiki , Furukawa Taiki , Teramachi Ryo , Kataoka Kensuke , Kondoh Yasuhiro , Hashimoto Naozumi , Ishii Makoto
Published: February 2024

Background
Extracellular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is released from damaged cells and increases in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. While increased levels of serum mtDNA have been reported to be linked to disease progression and the future development of acute exacerbation (AE) of IPF (AE-IPF), the clinical significance of mtDNA in BALF (BALF-mtDNA) remains unclear. We investigated the relationships between BALF-mtDNA levels and other clinical variables and prognosis in IPF.
Methods
Extracellular mtDNA levels in BALF samples collected from IPF patients were determined using droplet-digital PCR. Levels of extracellular nucleolar DNA in BALF (BALF-nucDNA) were also determined as a marker for simple cell collapse. Patient characteristics and survival information were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
mtDNA levels in serum and BALF did not correlate with each other. In 27 patients with paired BALF samples obtained in a stable state and at the time of AE diagnosis, BALF-mtDNA levels were significantly increased at the time of AE. Elevated BALF-mtDNA levels were associated with inflammation or disordered pulmonary function in a stable state (n = 90), while being associated with age and BALF-neutrophils at the time of AE (n = 38). BALF-mtDNA ≥ 4234.3 copies/µL in a stable state (median survival time (MST): 42.4 vs. 79.6 months, p < 0.001) and ≥ 11194.3 copies/µL at the time of AE (MST: 2.6 vs. 20.0 months, p = 0.03) were associated with shorter survival after BALF collection, even after adjusting for other known prognostic factors. On the other hand, BALF-nucDNA showed different trends in correlation with other clinical variables and did not show any significant association with survival time.
Conclusions
Elevated BALF-mtDNA was associated with a poor prognosis in both IPF and AE-IPF. Of note, at the time of AE, it sharply distinguished survivors from non-survivors. Given the trends shown by analyses for BALF-nucDNA, the elevation of BALF-mtDNA might not simply reflect the impact of cell collapse. Further studies are required to explore the underlying mechanisms and clinical applications of BALF-mtDNA in IPF.
Helminth Fauna of the Yellow-bellied Toad, Bombina variegata (Linnaeus, 1758) Collected From Northwestern of Türkiye
Authors: YILDIRIMHAN Hikmet Sami , SÜMER Nurhan , REDHWAN Adel Mohammed , BÜLBÜL Ufuk , KARIŞ Mert , Civil Yeliz , DIRSHE Mohamed Warsame
Published: February 2024

In this study, 45 individuals (18 female, 20 male, and 7 juvenile) of the Yellow-bellied Toad, Bombina variegata were collected from Karacahasan Mountain region (located in the Enez district of Edirne province in northwestern Türkiye) in 2015–2016 and examined for helminths. Two species of Digenea (Gorgodera cygnoides and Pleurogenoides medians) and one species of Acanthocephala (Acanthocephalus ranae) were found. This study is the first helminth study and only helminth study conducted on B. variegata from Türkiye.
Mapping the current trends and hotspots on depression comorbid with insomnia: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Jia Zhixia , Yu Wenyan , Dong Tiantian , Li Xuhao , Wang Xingxin , Yang Jiguo , Liu Yuanxiang
Published: February 2024

Background
Depression and insomnia often co-occur and have a bidirectional relationship. This review utilized bibliometric and visualized analysis to explore current research hotspots and trends in this field to identify future clinical practice directions.
Methods
To identify papers on the comorbidity of depression and insomnia, the researchers utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). They employed tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica to visually analyze the knowledge network of authors, institutions, countries/regions, journals, cited authors, cited references, cited journals, and keywords in the field of depression comorbid with insomnia.
Results
A total of 697 papers were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) with Andrew D. Krystal being the most influential author in this area. The University of Pittsburgh and the United States emerged as the most prolific institution and country, respectively. The Journal of Affective Disorders was the most productive journal, with primary keywords including insomnia, depression, anxiety, disorder, and sleep. In terms of co-citation analysis, Morin, Cm led the field. The top-cited journal was Sleep, and the paper titled “Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research” ranked first. Finally, “Psychiatry”was the most frequent study category.
Conclusions
This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of current research on depression comorbid with insomnia and highlights key areas of focus, offering guidance for clinicians and researchers in selecting research directions.
Investigation of the impact of surface heterogeneity on the surface energy balance non-closure using long-term observations
Authors: Jomé Mathilde , Lohou Fabienne , Lothon Marie , Canut Guylaine , Brut Aurore , Derrien Solène , Vial Antoine , Tallec Tiphaine
Published: February 2024

Recent studies highlighted that the modelling of surface fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat is the second most important issue in the weather and climate numerical models. Eddy-covariance measurements are used to implement and validate those models, but one systematic error is identified and makes the comparison between models and observations tricky : the Energy Balance Non-Closure (EBNC). A one-year field experiment is performed in Toulouse, south-west of France, to document the variability of the land-atmosphere exchanges around the Météopole permanent site. Three indicators that aim to quantify the surface and fluxes heterogeneity are defined and applied to several domain sizes (footprint scale, 1-km-scale and 10-km-scale analysis). They are cross-analysed with the EBNC to investigate the impact of the surface heterogeneity on the non-closure. The results showed that while no systematic nor strong relationship was found, the footprint-scale analysis and the sensible heat flux studies at a 1-km and 10-km-scale seem to have a tendency to match with the variations of the EBNC. By extending the studied domain from 1 km to 10 km, we incorporate a greater heterogeneity in latent heat flux than in sensible heat flux. The impact of the organisation of the surface was studied through an indicator based on the length scale of the surface patches. The results did not suggest fundamentally different outcomes but they did highlight the differences between the 1-km and the 10-km scales, and between the sensible and latent heat flux analysis.
The Protective Effect of Hyperin on H2O2 induced Injury of Ovarian Granulosa Cell in Mice
Authors: liu Min , An Caiping , Qin Lu , Hang Hang , Tang Minjie
Published: February 2024

Objective
To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of hyperin on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury of granulosa cells in mice.
Methods
Adult female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, POI model group and hyperin treatment group. The primary mice ovarian granulosa cells were extracted, cultured in vitro, and exposed to H2O2 to establish the oxidative damage model of ovarian granulosa cells. The ovarian granulosa cells were added with different concentration hyperin (0µg/l, 5µg/l, 10µg/l, 25µg/l, 50µg/l, 75µg/l respectively); and observed the proliferation under different hyperin concentration. The concentration level with the most significant proliferation would be selected for treatment group. Serum estradiol(E2), follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), anti-mullerian hormone(AMH), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) were measured by ELISA.The mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-related factor 2(Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Caspase3, Bcl-2 and Bax in ovarian granulosa cells were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The protein levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) were measured by Western blot. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in granulosa cells were determined by H2DCFDA. The apoptosis of granulosa cells was examined by TUNEL assay.
Results
50µg/l hyperin has the most significant effect on proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells. Comparing with the model group, the serum levels of E2, SOD and CAT in Hyperin treatment group increased (P < 0.05).The expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, p-PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl-2 in ovarian granulosa cells increased, while the expression of Caspase3 and Bax decreased (P < 0.05). ROS level decreased (P < 0.05). TUNEL assay showed reduced apoptosis of granulosa cells (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Hyperin can improve H2O2-induced ovarian granulosa cell injury through Nrf-2/HO-1 anti-oxidative stress and PI3K/Akt anti-apoptosis.
A nomogram for predicting choledochal cyst with perforation
Authors: Zhang Guangwei , Wang Haoming , Hu Jianyang , Yang Chenyu , Tan Bingqian , Hu Jiqiang , Zhang Mingman
Published: February 2024

Background Choledochal cyst with perforation (CC with perforation) rarely occurs, early diagnosis and timely treatment plan are crucial for the treatment of CC with perforation. This study aims to forecast the occurrence of CC with perforation.Methods All 1111 patients were conducted, who underwent surgery for choledochal cyst at our hospital from January 2011 to October 2022. We conducted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen for independent predictive factors for predicting CC with perforation, upon which established a nomogram. The predictive performance of the nomogram was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves.Results The age of children with choledochal cyst perforation is mainly concentrated between 1 and 3 years old. Logistic regression analysis indicates that age, alanine aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, C-reactive protein, vomiting, jaundice, abdominal distension, and diarrhea are associated with predicting the occurrence of choledochal cyst perforation. ROC curves, calibration plots, and DCA curve analysis curves demonstrate that the nomogram has great discriminative ability and calibration, as well as significant clinical utility.Conclusion The age of CC with perforation is mainly concentrated between 1–3 years old. A nomogram for predicting the perforation of choledochal cyst was established.
Effectiveness and Tolerability of Rectal Ointment and Suppositories Containing Sucralfate for Hemorrhoidal Symptoms: A Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Marik Anikó Rita , Miklós Ildikó , Csukly Gábor , Hársfalvi Péter , Novák András
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
A high number of topical products are available for the treatment of hemorrhoidal symptoms. Sucralfate-based topical products constitute a new treatment alternative that act as a mechanical barrier to facilitate healing. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to determine patient- and physician-assessed effectiveness and tolerability of rectal ointment and suppositories containing sucralfate for the treatment of hemorrhoidal symptoms in routine clinical practice.
METHODS
Adult patients with diagnosed, mild-to-moderate, symptomatic non-bleeding hemorrhoids treated with rectal ointment or suppositories containing sucralfate in routine clinical practice were enrolled. Patients were administered treatment twice per day for at least 1 week until symptom resolution and/or for a maximum of 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was patient-assessed effectiveness on a modified symptom severity score (mSSS, range 0 to 14). Physician-assessed effectiveness (9 symptoms, 0 to 5 Likert scale), hemorrhoid grade, and patient satisfaction were also determined.
RESULTS
Five investigators enrolled 60 patients; mean age was 48.4±16.6 years and 72.4% were female. Pain or pressure sensitivity was reported as the most severe symptom by patients, and pressure sensitivity, discharge, soiling and prolapse by physicians. Mean patient-assessed mSSS at baseline was 6.6±1.9 and was significantly improved overall and in the ointment and suppository groups individually by -4.6±2.0, -4.4±1.8, and -4.8±2.2, respectively (p<0.0001). Investigator-assessed mean baseline symptom score was 18.1±3.9 and improved by -7.1±4.5, -6.9±5.4, and -7.3 ± 3.5, respectively (p<0.0001). Investigator-assessed symptoms of pressure sensitivity, swelling and discharge were improved to the greatest extent. Hemorrhoid grade was improved in 38% of patients at the end of treatment. Compliance with treatment was 97.4% and patient satisfaction with application and onset of action was high (81.3% and 76.2%, respectively). Both the ointment and suppository were well tolerated.
CONCLUSIONS
The effectiveness of topical ointment or suppository containing sucralfate on patient- and investigator-assessed hemorrhoidal symptoms in real-life clinical practice was demonstrated. Patient satisfaction was high and treatments were well tolerated. Larger controlled trials are warranted to confirm the results.
How does digital economy affect the development of common prosperity level?
Authors: Luo Linhan , Xiong Guangqin
Published: February 2024

Digital economy is not only a new driving force for economic growth, but also a new way to promote common prosperity. This paper examines how digital economy affects common prosperity development in China, using spatial Durbin model and panel data of 30 provinces from 2012 to 2022 to empirically analyze the direct effect, spatial spillover effect, and marginal incremental effect of the digital economy in terms of driving the development of common prosperity. The research results show that the digital economy has a significant positive direct effect and spatial spillover effect on the development of common prosperity, and there is a marginal incremental effect, i.e., the higher the level of the digital economy, the greater the promotion of the development of common prosperity. Plus, total factor productivity enhances the relationship between digital economy and common prosperity. The paper reveals the mechanism and path of digital economy’s impact on common prosperity, and provides theoretical and policy implications for improving digital economy strategy and promoting high-quality development and common prosperity.
Can Generative AI Craft Variable Questions? A Mixed-Method Study on AI’s Capability to Adopt, Adapt, and Create New Scales
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Abdelfattah Fadi , Alhalbusi Hussam , Jassem Suaad , Mohammed Muna , Ismail Maria Mohd , Washahi Maryam Al
Published: February 2024

This study examines the capabilities of Generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly GPT-4, in transforming research scale development, a process traditionally characterized by extensive time requirements and the potential for human bias. The research aims to clarify whether AI can match and enhance the efficiency and objectivity of research scale creation and adaptation. By adopting a mixed-method design, the study utilizes GPT-4 to generate and modify research scales, which were then rigorously evaluated for reliability and validity and juxtaposed against the scales developed through traditional methodologies. This comprehensive evaluation encompasses quantitative and qualitative assessments and provides a general view of the effectiveness of AI-generated scales. Results revealed GPT-4’s remarkable ability to produce reliable, valid, and comparable research scales that were developed using established methods. Expert feedback further underscores AI’s potential in this field, particularly in reducing human biases and increasing methodological efficiency. A synergistic approach was developed Based on consensus, combining AI’s computational strengths and human oversight and expertise. This study highlights a significant advancement in research methodology and illustrates AI's practical and beneficial integration in scale development. Moreover, it opens new research practice avenues and enables the selection of highly streamlined, unbiased, innovative scale creation processes.
Positioning and Tracking with ODE-LSTM Algorithm for Emerging Smart Rail Systems
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Tian Feng , Shao Ziling
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we propose a NLOS positioning and tracking method in order to be applied in the emerging smart rail systems. By analyzing MIMO scatter channels, the geometric relationship for positioning between each UE, BS and scattering point can be modeled that includes information of AOA, AOD, TOA. The accuracy of positioning can be improved by forming an optimization problem with bias in time and orientation. Further, in order to track the mobile UE, an ODE-LSTM algorithm is proposed, which is combined by ODE derivation solver and LSTM network. It puts the positioning information into an ODE-LSTM network to achieve continuous tracking in arbitrary time instance. Simulation Works validate that the proposed ODE-LSTM method shows better performance in nonlinear tracking than traditional Kalman filter or enhanced Kalman filter.
A dual-targeting approach with anti-IL10R CAR-T cells engineered to release anti-CD33 bispecific antibody in enhancing killing effect on acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Yan Zhifeng , Gu Runxia , Chen Nianci , Zhang Ting , Ma Haotian , Xu Yingxi , Qiu Shaowei , Xing Haiyan , Tang Kejing , Tian Zheng , Rao Qing , Wang Min , Wang Jianxiang
Published: February 2024

Background
The introduction of immunotherapies, such as chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cells and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), has significantly revolutionized the treatment landscape for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we developed a dual-targeting approach with anti-IL10R CAR-T cells engineered to release CD33-targeted bispecific antibody to address the major challenges in T cell-directed therapies, including antigen loss and tumor heterogeneity that contribute to relapse.
Methods
T cells were transduced with lentiviral supernatants containing IL10R CAR.CD33 BsAb (CAR.BsAb)-encoding sequence, which incorporated the CD33-targeted bsAb and a second-generation IL10R CAR. The efficacy of the CAR.BsAb-T therapy against AML was evaluated both in vitro by cocultures of CAR.BsAb-T cells with leukemia cell lines or primary AML samples, and in vivo using a xenograft leukemia mouse model.
Results
The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the dual-targeting strategy in eliminating AML cell lines and primary cells expressing varying levels of CD33 and/or IL10R. The secreted anti-CD33 bsAb by IL10R CAR-T cells could amplify the activation and cytotoxicity of both IL10R CAR-T cells and untransduced bystander T cells against CD33 positive leukemia cells. In vivo study further confirmed that CAR.BsAb-T cells could effectively redirect T cells, reduce tumor burden, prolong mice survival, and exhibit no obvious toxicity. This strategy of local bsAbs delivery directly to tumor sites mitigates the pharmacokinetic issues commonly associated with the rapid clearance of bsAbs.
Conclusions
Overall, the engineering of a single construct targeting IL10R CAR, which subsequently secretes CD33-targeted bsAb, addresses the issue of immune escape due to the heterogeneous expression of IL10R and CD33, and are expected to provide better therapeutic effects for AML treatment.
SCS: A Secure Cloud Storage Framework with Enhanced Integrity and Auditability Using Consortium Blockchain System
Authors: Aguru Aswani Devi , Mahadevan RS Rahul , Erukala Suresh Babu , Kaluri Rajesh , Bashir Ali Kashif , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy
Published: February 2024

The widespread use of cloud storage enables users to access their resources remotely via a self-service model. Utilizing pay-per-use storage services provided by cloud service providers (CSPs) requires users to commit financially to their resources. This paper introduces an SCS framework that provides a secure architecture for cloud storage using a consortium blockchain network to solve the trust issue. This framework substitutes the third-party auditor with peers of a consortium blockchain network, which handles the role of data storage and verification. The storage space is segmented between uncommitted and committed storage, where uncommitted storage is designated for storing unverified documents. In contrast, committed storage is designated for the storage of committed documents. Those data documents that have undergone consensus validation by a specified threshold of peer nodes will be transferred to committed storage. The implementation of the SCS framework is carried out on Hyperledger Fabric. The security analysis proves that SCS effectively safeguards cloud storage against devastating attacks while preserving its integrity and auditability. The performance analysis reveals that the metrics for document upload time, document retrieval time, block acceptance time, execution time, and latency are optimal compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
Construction of an enzyme-constrained metabolic network model for Myceliophthora thermophila using machine learning-based kcat data
Authors: Wang Yutao , Mao Zhitao , Dong Jiacheng , Zhang Peiji , Gao Qiang , Liu Defei , Tian Chaoguang , Ma Hongwu
Published: February 2024

Background:
Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) serve as effective tools for understanding cellular phenotypes and predicting engineering targets in the development of industrial strain. Enzyme-constrained genome-scale metabolic models (ecGEMs) have emerged as a valuable advancement, providing more accurate predictions and unveiling new engineering targets compared to models lacking enzyme constraints. In 2022, a stoichiometric GEM, iDL1450, was reconstructed for the industrially significant fungus Myceliophthora thermophila. To enhance the GEM’s performance, an ecGEM was developed for M. thermophila in this study.
Results:
Initially, the model iDL1450 underwent refinement and updates, resulting in a new version named iYW1475. These updates incuded adjustments to biomass components, correction of gene-protein-reaction (GPR) rules, and a consensus on metabolites. Subsequently, the first ecGEM for M. thermophila, designated ecMTM, was constructed using machine learning-based kcat data predicted by TurNuP within the ECMpy framework. Comparing ecMTM to iYW1475, the solution space was reduced and the growth simulation results more closely resembled realistic cellular phenotypes. Metabolic adjustment simulated by ecMTM revealed a trade-off between biomass yield and enzyme usage efficiency at varying glucose uptake rates. Notably, hierarchical utilization of five carbon sources derived from plant biomass hydrolysis was accurately captured and explained by ecMTM. Furthermore, based on enzyme cost considerations, ecMTM successfully predicted reported targets for metabolic engineering modification and introduced some new potential targets for chemicals produced in M. thermophila.
Conclusions:
In this study, the incorporation of enzyme constraint to iYW1475 not only improved prediction accuracy but also broadened the model’s applicability. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating of machine learning-based kcat data in the construction of ecGEMs especially in situations where there is limited measured enzyme kinetic parameters for a specific organism.