bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of mechanized ultrasonic testing parameters for extended welds
Authors:   Research and Training Center “Welding and Monitoring” under Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Aleshin Nikolay P. , Krysko Nikolay V. ,   Research and Training Center “Welding and Monitoring” under Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Shchipakov Nikita A. ,   Research and Training Center “Welding and Monitoring” under Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mogilner Leonid Yu. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC
Published: December 2020

The requirements for the speed, pitch and scanning direction, and also for ensuring acoustic contact maintenance and taking into account the anisotropy of rolled products during mechanized ultrasonic testing of extended welds of steel structures are formulated based on the research conducted and the analysis of the literature data on the conditions of diagnostics for main pipelines facilities. The relevance of the work is determined by a large amount of welded joints inspection, including butt and longitudinal pipe welds, casings of pig-trap stations, filters of different application purposes, and steel tank wall structures. The article formulates the general principles of choosing mechanized scanning parameters and shows the need to consider ultrasound scattering indicatrix on various defects. The issues of setting the monitoring parameters are considered, including the possibility of using vertical drilling (vertical cylindrical reflector) for the adjustment and check of the equipment during mechanized scanning.
Failure analysis of pipeline on-site manufacturing details
Authors:   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Neganov Dmitry A. , Studenov Eugeny P. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Skorodumov Sergey V. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Kozyrev Oleg A. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC
Published: December 2020

About 4 % of the connecting pieces used in the construction of oil pipelines in the 1950s–1970s were manufactured in the field. Despite the fact that in recent years the number of such parts has significantly reduced, failures associated with their lack of reliability occupy a noticeable share in the total number of failures in the system of oil trunk pipelines. The purpose of this work is to analyze the typical causes of failure of connecting parts using the example of a tee bend with a reinforcing plate. The authors carried out structural and fractographic studies of the defective structure. On the basis of information about the operating conditions and the actual characteristics of the bend metal, as well as data on the centers of destruction and the nature of crack propagation, computer modeling of the stress-strain state of the part was carried out. Based on the results of metallurgical studies and computer modeling, it was established that the cause of the formation of a through crack in the weld at the junction of the main oil pipeline and the reserve branch was excess stresses in the area of welding of the reinforcing plate to the branch, exceeding the tensile strength of the material of the tee branch pipe.
Competency management of laboratory personnel using LIMS
Authors:   Transneft, Varaksin Konstantin S. , Makarov Artem S. ,   Transneft Technology, LLC, Lyapin Alexander Y. ,   Transneft
Published: December 2020

The updated edition of the ISO/IEC 17025 standard introduced significant changes to the structure, terminology, resource requirements, processes, quality management system of testing and calibration laboratories. New requirements were established for the organization of laboratory activities – a process approach and risk-based thinking, which provides for a reduction in part of the prescriptive requirements and the introduction of requirements based on the analysis of the performance of actions. In accordance with GOST ISO IEC 17025-2019, the laboratory must authorize personnel to perform specific laboratory activities, as well as guarantee their competence. This article discusses the organization of the competence management system for the personnel of the laboratories of the organizations of Transneft system using the laboratory information management system (LIMS). The model of the process implementation has been described. It has been established that the competence test system allows you to regularly monitor the skills and knowledge of laboratory workers both in terms of the elements of the Quality Management System and in the applied measurement (test) methods. The personnel responsibility matrix implemented in LIMS regulates the powers and functionality of employees, ensuring that employees are allowed to perform work in accordance with their competence. The functions implemented in LIMS made it possible to automate the management of the competence of laboratory workers in accordance with the requirements of GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019 and other regulatory documents.
Improvement of legislation in the field of development and approval of plans for the prevention and elimination of oil spillage and spills of petroleum products at the facilities of main pipelines
Authors:   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Zakharchenko Andrey V. , Gonchar Alexander E. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Shestakov Roman Y. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC, Pugacheva Polina V. ,   Pipeline Transport Institute, LLC
Published: December 2020

The procedure for action in cases of a threat or an accident at oil pipeline transport facilities is defined in the relevant plans for emergency spillage prevention and response – ESPR. The purpose of the article is to analyze the requirements of the legislation in the field of development and approval of ESPR. The specifics of ESRP development at trunk pipeline facilities in Russia are noted, the US experience in combating oil and oil products spillage is presented. The problematic issues in the development and approval of ESRP, relevant for the domestic system of main oil pipeline transport, have been considered. It was established that the Federal Law No. 207-FL, adopted in July 2020, fundamentally changed the outdated and required revision approach to the coordination and approval of ESRP. At the same time, further work is needed to create a regulatory framework that establishes requirements for ESRP, as well as to improve ESRP, taking into account modern methods of predicting accidents, identifying emergencies, risk-oriented approaches to planning measures to localize and eliminate accidents, the specifics of operating organizations.
Millî kimliğin inşasında geleneğin rolü: Mustafa Kutlu örneği
Authors: AVCI Merve , ARICI Ali Fuat
Published: December 2020

Millî kimlik, küreselleşen dünyada millî olma özelliğini korumak isteyen toplumlar için önem arz etmektedir. Küreselleşen dünyada teknolojik gelişmelerin de etkisiyle millî kimlikler zarar görmektedir. Millî kimliğin korunması, milletin değerlerine sahip çıkması ile mümkündür. İşte bu değerlerden biri olan gelenekler, ülkemizin her yerinde aynı inanç ve kültür değerleri üzerinde şekillendiği için bizi “biz” yapmaktadır. Gelenekler, bir milletin geçmişten bugüne kadar getirdiği, günlük hayatındaki uygulama, inanç ve âdetleri kapsamaktadır. Türk millî kimliğinin millete aktarılmasında kullanılabilecek önemli araçlardan biri edebî metinlerdir. Günümüz edebiyatında yaşayan önemli hikâyecilerimizden biri olan Mustafa Kutlu, ülkemizin modernleşme sürecinin başlamasına tanık olmuş ve Türkiye’nin modernleşme sürecinin getirdiklerini eserlerine taşımış bir yazardır. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin modernleşme sürecine ömrü boyunca tanıklık etmiş yazar Mustafa Kutlu’nun 2000-2018 yılları arasında yayımlanan hikâyelerindeki geleneksel unsurları tespit ederek eserlerde geleneksel unsurlara nasıl yer verdiğini ve bu unsurların milli kimlikle ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır. 1960’lı yılların sonundan beri hikâye yazan ve edebiyatımızın yaşayan büyük hikâyecilerinden biri olarak görülen Mustafa Kutlu’nun eserlerinin bu çalışmada incelenmesinin nedeni, hikâyelerini Şark-İslâm kültürü ile beslemesidir. Modernizmin karşısına gelenekleri koyan Kutlu, modernizmin millî kimliğe verdiği zararı engellemenin yolu olarak geleneklere tutunulması gerektiğini eserlerindeki kahramanlarıyla okuyucuya yansıtmaktadır. Mustafa Kutlu’nun 2000-2018 yılları arasında yayımlanan hikâyelerinde en çok yer alan gelenekler, evlenme geçiş dönemi etrafında gelişen geleneklerdir. Mustafa Kutlu’nun 2000-2018 yılları arasında yayımlanan hikâyelerinde en az rastlanan geleneksel unsur, canlı varlıklar ile ilgili inanışlardır. Mustafa Kutlu’nun incelenen eserlerinin geleneksel ögelere sıkça yer vermesi nedeniyle toplumsal bağı artırdığı, millî kimliğin topluma hatırlatılmasında nitelikli eserler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Rusçadan Türkçeye çeviri bazlı dil eğitiminde zarf-fiil yapılarının incelenmesi (L.N. Tolstoy’un Anna Karenina adlı eser örneği)
Authors: DALKILIÇ Leyla Çiğdem
Published: December 2020

Çeviri çalışmaları, dil eğitiminde öğrenilen dilin ve bu dile özgü yapısal ifadelerin anlaşılmasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Eğitim sürecinde çeviri çalışmalarının önemi iki açıdan ele alınabilir: Bunlardan birincisi, dilbilgisel düzlemde yani teoride öğrenilen dil yapılarına ilişkin bilgilerin, incelemede veya pratikte çok farklı bir yaklaşım gerektirebilmesi; ikincisi ise tek başına öğrenilen dil yapısı ile bağlam içerisinde incelenen dil yapısının, çeviri sürecinde sahip olduğu anlamsal özelliğin dışında farklı bir biçimde aktarılması gerekliliğidir. Genel kurallar sistemi çerçevesinde incelenen bir sözcüğün ve büründüğü gramer yapısının anlamı kaynak dilden erek dile çevrildiğinde anlamsal özelliğini bağlam içerisinde tam olarak ortaya koyabilmektedir. Sahip olduğu yapısal özellik ile metinde aktarılmak istenen anlamın çok çeşitli olabileceği yapılardan bir tanesi de Rus dilindeki zarf-fiil yapılarıdır. Bu yapılar sayısal açıdan Türkçeye oranla daha kısıtlı olduklarından aktardıkları anlamlar ancak metin bütünlüğü içerisinde belirginlik kazanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda söz konusu çalışmada Rusçadaki zarf-fiil yapıları çeviri çalışmaları üzerinden ele alınmaktadır. Bununla birlikte edebi eser çevirisi sırasında hem tecrübeli çevirmenlerin hem de Rusçayı yabancı dil olarak öğrenen Türk öğrencilerin Rusçadaki zarf-fiil yapılarından yola çıkılarak söz konusu formları Türkçeye aktarma süreçleri incelenecektir. Çalışmanın amacı, her iki dildeki zarf-fiil yapılarının aktarımında söz konusu dil öğesinin morfolojik olarak sahip olduğu ifadesel özellikten farklı bir biçimde Türkçeye aktarılmasında rol oynayan süreçleri ele almaktır.
Elma depolama tesislerinde yapı ve yalıtım malzemesi kullanımının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Halil İbrahim , ÇANKAYA Sezgin
Published: December 2020

Elma gibi uzun bir depolama periyoduna sahip meyvelerin muhafazası amacıyla kullanılan soğuk hava depolarının yapı ve yalıtım malzemesi özellikleri, hem depolamanın kalitesini artırma, hem de enerjinin etkin ve verimli kullanılması açısından oldukça önemlidir.

Yapılmış olan bu çalışmada, Isparta ilinde elma muhafaza amaçlı kullanılan 83 adet soğuk hava deposu işletmesinin tamamı araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Bu amaçla işletmelere gidilerek soğuk hava depolarının detaylı planları çıkartılmıştır. Bununla birlikte duvar ve tavan sistemlerinde kullanılan yapı ve yalıtım malzemeleri belirlenip kaydedilmiştir.

İncelenen soğuk hava deposu işletmelerinin %51.81’inde duvar yapı malzemesi olarak poliüretan panelin (PU panel) kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin %48.19’unda duvar yapı malzemesi olarak briket veya tuğla kullanılmıştır. Duvar ve tavan yalıtım malzemesi olarak işletmelerinin %51.81’inde PU panel tercih edilirken, %27.71’sinde poliüretan köpük (PU köpük) uygulamasının yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin %20.48’inde duvar ve tavan yalıtım malzemesi olarak EPS (genleştirilmiş polistiren sert köpük) kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Yapılan çalışmada özellikle 2000 yılından itibaren Isparta ilinde elma muhafaza amaçlı kullanılan soğuk hava depolarında, yapı ve yalıtım malzemesi olarak kullanılan EPS veya poliüretan köpüğün yerini poliüretan panele bırakarak kullanımının yaygınlaştığı belirlenmiştir. Günümüzde soğuk hava depolarında yapı ve yalıtım malzemesi olarak kullanılan poliüretan panel, meyve muhafaza amaçlı kullanılan soğuk hava depolarında hem depolama kalitesini artırma ve hem de enerji açısından tercih edilen en önemli yapı ve yalıtım malzemesi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Estudio teórico de las propiedades estructurales y electrónicas en sistemas BaTiO3 y BaZrO3
Authors: López-Ortega Leonardo , Gutiérrez-García Brayann Aldair , Arteaga-Varela Miguel , Herrera-Carbajal Alejandro de Jesús , Salinas-Rodríguez Eleazar , Rodríguez-Lugo Ventura
Published: December 2020

Se realizó un estudio teórico relativo dos perovskita de tipo ABO3, Titanato de Bario (BaTiO3) y Zirconato de Bario (BaZrO3), optimizando los parámetros para un pseudopotencial Perdew-Burke-Erszerhof (PBE) de tipo ultrasuave, mediante el uso del código SIESTA el cual está sustentado en la Teoría del Funcional de la Densidad (DFT). Así mismo se optimizaron las estructuras, alterando el parámetro de red de ambas perovskitas permitiendo determinar la más estable. Para las estructuras de mínima energía del BaTiO3 y BaZrO3 se obtuvieron parámetros de red correspondientes a 4.104 Å y 4.276 Å respectivamente, que difieren en poca cantidad a los reportados experimentalmente cuyos valores son de 4.004 Å y 4.256 Å mostrando que SIESTA permite obtener aproximaciones superiores al 97%, asimismo la estructura de bandas mostro el comportamiento indirecto en la transición de la banda de valencia a la de conducción para ambos materiales con características de semiconductores al poseer valores de 1.64 y 2.77 eV respectivamente.
Síntesis de Nanocompósitos Cerámicos-NTC a partir de desechos mineros
Authors: Fosado-Cruz Miguel Angel , Vázquez-Martínez Diana Laura , Henkel-García Jorge Luis , Legorreta-García Felipe , Cobos-Murcia José Angel , Paqui-Lima Marco Antonio
Published: December 2020

En esta investigación, se estudia el uso de los desechos mineros acumulados en el municipio de mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo, México. El estudio presenta el manejo y tratamiento de estos desechos a fin incrementar el punto fusión de los mismos, la obtención de una mezcla de fases SiO2 / Al2O3 de pureza elevada y la síntesis de los nanocompósitos cerámicos-nanotubos de carbono multiparedes (NTCMP). El nanocompósito se prepara mediante clasificación por tamaños, lixiviación, mezcla con NTCMP y densificación en atmósfera de nitrógeno a 1400°C. Las muestras fueron analizadas por difracción de rayos X, fluorescencia de rayos X, microscopía óptica, de barrido y de transmisión. Los resultados ponen en evidencia que los polvos lixiviados poseen una fase cerámica principalmente de SiO2 / Al2O3 superior al 91% en masa; incremento del 43 % del punto de fusión con respecto a los polvos originales, homogeneidad entre los partículas cerámicas - NTC y un a densificación del nanocompósito del 88 %.
Evaluación de la acción inmunomoduladora del Extracto Dializable Leucocitario de Caballo con actividad de Factor de Transferencia en Hipersensibilidad tipo I en roedores
Authors: Alarcón-Bonilla Jesús , Rodríguez-Meléndez Israel Jesús , Cerón-Montes Genaro Iván
Published: December 2020

Las reacciones de hipersensibilidad tipo I o alergias se distinguen por presentar una respuesta inmune a antígenos ambientales. Están implicadas células secretoras de citocinas tipo 2 (linfocitos Th2 e ILC2), eosinófilos, linfocitos B productores de IgE que se unen a receptores en mastocitos y basófilos, liberando mediadores que aumentan la permeabilidad vascular, vasodilatación, contracción del musculo liso bronquial y visceral e inflamación, siendo la manifestación sistémica más grave el choque anafiláctico. Una alternativa de tratamiento regulador de la respuesta a alérgenos es el Factor de Transferencia (FT), el cual se consigue a partir  de un Extracto Dializable Leucocitario (EDL) obtenido del lisado de células linfoides, que contiene al menos 200 diferentes moléculas entre 1 a 12 kDa. De ellas a la fracción de péptidos con pesos moleculares (PM) entre 3.5 y 5 kDa se les denomina FT, con actividad inmunomoduladora interespecífica. El FT está compuesto por péptidos hidrofílicos polares, con partes ácidas y dos regiones: una variable y una constante. Debido a su baja probabilidad de transmisión de zoonosis se seleccionó al caballo para la obtención del EDL y purificación del FT. Su obtención se  llevó a cabo a partir de la lisis de células sanguíneas, ultra filtración e identificación de péptidos. El FT así obtenido tuvo un 51.3% de incremento en concentración comparado con el FT humano comercial con un patrón electroforético similar. A partir del FT de caballo purificado se evalúo su efecto en el control de reacciones alérgicas en cobayo previamente sensibilizado con ovoalbúmina. Cuatro grupos de cobayos fueron estudiados: un grupo control sensibilizado con ovovalbúmina, uno al que se le administró el FT humano, otro que se le dosificó FT de caballo y un cuarto grupo que no se le administró FT como control negativo. El FT de caballo registró un efecto inmunomodulador sobre las reacciones alérgicas equivalente al presentado con el FT humano, por tanto es una alternativa para el tratamiento de alergias en humanos.
Revisión de la Hidroxiapatita Nanoestructurada como Alternativa para Tratamiento de Cáncer
Authors: Rodríguez-Lugo Ventura , Salado-Leza Daniela Edith , López Ortiz Susana , Mendoza-Anaya Demetrio , Villaseñor-Cerón Lesly Sabina , Reyes-Valderrama María Isabel
Published: December 2020

La hidroxiapatita nanoestructurada (nano-Hap) surge como una potente herramienta biomimética para mejorar el desempeño de las terapias convencionales contra el cáncer. Su composición química, textura y capacidad de dopaje, así como su compatibilidad, estabilidad y actividad en sistemas biológicos la hacen una candidata excepcional para el desarrollo de vehículos para la entrega selectiva de fármacos antineoplásicos. La presente revisión va dirigida a estudiantes e investigadores del área de materiales avanzados, con la intensión de introducirlos en la importancia de explorar de manera interdisciplinaria las propiedades intrínsecas y adquiridas de los nanomateriales en beneficio de la sociedad, principalmente para ciencias de la salud. Con un propósito formativo, presentamos generalidades de la síntesis, caracterización y evaluación toxicológica in vitro de la nano-Hap para, finalmente discutir los avances más relevantes en el área del 2016 a la fecha. Concluimos incentivando a la comunidad al trabajo colaborativo interdisciplinar para innovar en Nanomedicina con materiales que permitan mejorar el desempeño de los protocolos oncológicos existentes.
Percursos e processos em Design: reflexões e narrativas
Authors: Coelho Lima Júnior Geraldo
Published: December 2020

Este artigo divide-se em apresentar percursos pelos quais caminhou seu autor, entremeado de resultados e reflexões sobre pesquisas realizadas. A partir dos estudos iniciados com o Projeto e Coleção “Olhar, Olhares” em 2002 até o momento presente, transcorrem outras investigações acerca da formação e do papel do designer na sociedade; são narradas as etapas percorridas que chegam ao método SEE BEYOND (2016), criado quando de seu doutoramento, sendo este o disparador e orientador de outros olhares sobre o ensino superior e o desenvolvimento de produtos em moda, em um diálogo entre o Design e as Neurociências.
Um culto aos “bravos pioneiros”: A ancestralidade na coleção Comunidade Yuba, da designer de moda Fernanda Yamamoto
Authors: Watanabe Barbosa Mariana
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho é a derivação de uma pesquisa de mestrado sobre a coleção Comunidade Yuba, desenvolvida pela designer de moda Fernanda Yamamoto. Realizamos uma cartografia que incluiu pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, entrevistas e trabalho de campo. O enfoque deste artigo é o conceito de ancestralidade e a sua presença na coleção estudada. Para tanto, abordamos brevemente o histórico da comunidade, o processo de criação da coleção, a ideia de ancestralidade para a psicanálise e para a cosmovisão africana. Por fim, conectamos os conceitos e o histórico apresentado às peças da coleção.
Pengembangan Modul Seni Kreatif dalam Memberikan Layanan Bimbingan Konseling Inovatif
Authors: Rahmi Alfi , Nurhasnah Nurhasnah
Published: December 2020

This study aims to develop a creative arts module in counseling so that there are innovations in guidance and counseling services. Visual arts are one of the creative arts in counseling that can help someone relax the burdens they feel in everyday life. Visual Arts in creative counseling can be given to clients who have difficulty verbally expressing their problems. Visual arts can be an alternative for Guidance and Counseling Teachers in schools in carrying out counseling services. This research is a type of development research using the Borg and Gall model. The steps taken are collecting initial information, planning, product development, product validation and testing, product revision, field testing and product end revision. Product trials were carried out on Guidance and Counseling Teachers at the junior high school level in East Agam and in Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities. The results of the phase I module validation with a value of 15.8 where the module still needs to be revised including discussion of module content, as well as more interesting module design. Then the results of the practicality test with a value of Practical Enough, namely 3.8. The results of the phase II module verification with a value of 16.6 indicate that the module is suitable for use by the Guidance and Counseling Teacher and the results of the practicality test 4.01.
Penerapan Self Help Menggunakan Ayat-ayat al-Qur’an (Studi Naratif Menghadapi Jatuh Cinta dan Patah Hati)
Authors: Trisnawati Putri Laras , Alfadla Maya Tsuroya
Published: December 2020

Mental health is currently a growing issue in Indonesia. Mental health is a balanced state and the achievement of individual development tasks. Individuals who are facing poor mental health will develop self-narratives that tend to be destructive. Self-narrative is an individual's life story consisting of values, experiences and identities that are internalized into a belief and personality. Self-destructive narratives affect individual development. Problems that are closely related to depression experienced by individuals are falling in love and heartbreak. These problems provide stress effects to depression to individuals. Depression contributes the greatest value to suicide rates. The method used is qualitative research with narrative approach. The subject strengthens his inner values through the study of the verses of the Qur'an and self-evaluation in a series of self-help processes. Self help consists of the process of understanding the values of life in the verses of the Qur'an, evaluating relationships with the Almighty and preparing for the worst. The subject has a perspective and meaning related to falling in love and broken heart experienced and internalized into self-narration. Self-narration is developed based on the results of self-help that is done so that it can bring up new meanings in life.
Hubungan Partisipasi Petani dalam Pertanian Organik dengan Taraf Hidup
Authors: Akmalia Akmalia , Barlan Zessy Ardinal
Published: December 2020

Pengembangan sektor ekonomi domestik diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kedaulatan pangan di Indonesia. Salah satu sasaran dari peningkatan kedaulatan pangan yaitu pengembangan 1000 Desa Pertanian Organik. Pengembangan 1000 Desa Pertanian Organik tidak akan berjalan dengan baik jika tidak adanya partisipasi petani yang beralih ke sistem pertanian organik. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah mengidentifikasi hubungan partisipasi dengan taraf hidup setelah mengikuti kegiatan pertanian organik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menggali fakta, data, dan informasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa petani berpartisipasi dalam pertanian organik. Namun dari segi taraf hidup setelah berpartisipasi dalam pertanian organik belum menunjukkan peningkatan taraf hidup yang signifikan dari hasil pertanian organik.Kata kunci: tingkatan partisipasi, pertanian organik, taraf hidup
Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbantuan Laboratorium Virtual Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains
Authors: Fatimah Ziadatul , Rizaldi Dedi Riyan , Jufri A. Wahab , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Published: December 2020

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laboratorium virtual atau yang biasa disebut dengan V-lab sebagai suatu media pembelajaran yang dapat membantu peserta didikdalam meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains dalam proses pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitafif dengan teknik analisis induktif berupa pengumpulan data triangulasi, dimana teknik pengumpulan data yang bersifat menggabungkan dari berbagai teknik pengumpulan data dan sumber data yang telah ada. Data dikumpulkan melalui kegiatan kajian pustaka dari beberapa sumber, seperti buku teks dan jurnal terakreditasi. Berdasarkan kajian pustaka dapat disimpulkan bahwa V-lab merupakan suatu media berbasis komputer yang berisi simulasi kegiatan di laboratorium. Jenis V-lab berkembang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. V-lab juga mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran di tingkat sekolah dan perguruan tinggi dan V-lab juga memiliki kelebihan yang dapat membantu dalam proses pembelajaran dan disamping itu memiliki beberapa kelemahan
Pelapisan Calsium Carbida Permukaan Baja Karbon Rendah Dengan Pack Carburizing Energizer Serbuk Cangkang Kerang Mutiara
Authors: Darmo Sujita , Sugiman Sugiman , Salman Salman , Catur Agus Dwi , Setyawan Paryanto Dwi
Published: December 2020

The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Material Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mataram University. The purpose of this researchÃÂ ÃÂ  determinedÃÂ  the effect of the Pack CarburizingÃÂ  parameters (temperature, soakinÃÂ  time and carburizer media composition) on the thicknessÃÂ  of calsium carbida layerÃÂ  (CaC), which is formed on the surface of low carbon steel. The thickness of the calcium carbonate layer affects the surface hardness numberÃÂ  of low carbon steel. This research used low carbon steelÃÂ  grade SS400 as the specimen. Carburizer media is a mixture of corncob charcoal powder and Pinctada maxima shellsÃÂ  powder (PMSP).ÃÂ  Packs Carburizing was carried out at various temperatures: 875 0C, 900 0C, soakingÃÂ  time: 1,2,3 hours and the percentage of PMSP on the carburizer media: 10%, 20%, 30%. The results of the research show that the temperature carburizing , soaking time and the addition of PMSPÃÂ  affect the thickness of the calcium carbide layer on the surface of SS400 steel which is subjected to pack carburizing process. This is indicated by an increase in the surfaceÃÂ  hardness number of 421%, the wear resistance 62,2 %. ÃÂ the thickness of the calcium carbide layer 1050 ÃÂµm, the formation of pearlite structure, at the carburizing temperature of 900 0C,ÃÂ  soaking time 3 hours and 30% addition of PMSP.
Incidencia del déficit cognitivo postoperatorio en anestesia regional y general en una institución de cuarto nivel en Bucaramanga (Santander, Colombia) en el año 2017
Authors: Valencia-Guampe Jhon Sebastián , Contreras-Forero Francisco Javier , Ochoa Miguel Enrique , Perez Margarita , Pinillos Mauricio , Celis Laura , Delgado-Pascuaza Angi Yaquely
Published: December 2020

Introducción. En el proceso de envejecimiento, la mayoría de los sistemas orgánicos mantienen su funcionamiento basal, pero existe una reducción de la reserva funcional y de la capacidad para compensar el estrés fisiológico, lo que hace que los pacientes de mayor edad sean más propensos a complicaciones postoperatorias. Se realizó un estudio en instituciones de Bucaramanga para determinar la incidencia de déficit cognitivo postoperatorio y los factoresde riesgo asociados. Metodología. Estudio observacional analítico de cohorte prospectivo realizado en instituciones de salud de Bucaramanga durante 2017 con pacientes mayores de 55 años intervenidos bajo anestesia regional, general balanceada o anestesia total intravenosa. Resultados. Se estudiaron 173 pacientes, 112 mujeres (64.74%) y 61 hombres (35.26%) operados. Las técnicas anestésicas más empleadas fueron: Regional (46.24%) y General balanceada (44.51%). La incidencia de Déficit Cognitivo Postoperatorio a corto plazo fue 6.36% en pacientes previamente sanos, con valor P significativo (0.001) ajustado. Se detectó deterioro cognitivo del 51.41% con alteraciones en los dominios de lenguaje, atención y memoria; con aumento en la evaluación a largo plazo. Durante el seguimiento de pacientes a largo plazo resultó en un 11.55%, determinando la incidencia de Déficit Cognitivo Postoperatorio tardío en un 17.91%. La técnica anestésica con mayor proporción de déficit a largo plazo fue la anestesia mixta, comparada con anestesia regional. Discusión. En la actualidad no existe una definición estandarizada de Déficit Cognitivo Postoperatorio, se ha observado mayor frecuencia y mayor prolongación en pacientes de edad avanzada. El estudio demostró una incidencia temprana significativamente menor, comparándolo con artículos internacionales, pero una incidencia mayor en déficit postoperatorio tardío, resultado de mayores complicaciones intraoperatorias, comparado con otros estudios. Conclusiones. El Déficit Cognitivo Postoperatorio involucra múltiples factores de riesgo; en el estudio se encontró mayor asociación con la edad, la escolaridad, la hipotensión y la anestesia general. No hubo asociación entre comorbilidades y el Déficit Cognitivo Postoperatorio. Se determinó la presencia de hipotensión para desarrollo de este déficit.
Caracterización de lesiones radiolúcidas del complejo maxilar-mandíbula de pacientes en un centro radiológico
Authors: González Moret Yuli Andreina , González-Moret Yurilú Andreina , Moret de Gonzalez Yuli Nohemi
Published: December 2020

Introducción. Las lesiones radiolúcidas del complejo maxilar mandíbula tienen su origen en estructuras odontogénicas y no odontogénicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las características de lesiones radiolúcidas del complejo maxilar-mandíbula de pacientes en un centro radiológico. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. La población está representada por 1,000 radiografías panorámicas. La muestra quedó conformada por 105 casos seleccionados por un muestreo de conveniencia no probabilístico. Las radiografías fueron tomadas con un equipo panorámico Gendex 9,000, por un mismo operador, y fueron analizadas por un investigador calificado. Resultados. La mayoría de las lesiones radiolúcidas se ubicaron en el rango etario de 50 a 59 años (30=28.6%), fueron del género masculino (54=51.4%), y estuvieron ubicadas en mandíbula (83=79.0%). Respecto a la estructura dentaria, en su mayoría las lesiones estuvieron ubicadas en la porción periapical (65=61.9%), en relación con la forma, ésta fue predominantemente irregular (68=64.8%), con bordes difusos (51=48.6%) y estructura interna unilocular (74=70.5%). En ninguno de los casos se evidenció asociación estadísticamente significativa (p>0.05). Discusión. La gran diversidad de diagnósticos hallados se puede explicar por las condiciones geográficas, sociales, culturales, proceso biológico de envejecimiento, y condiciones inherentes al sitio de recolección de datos. Conclusiones. La mayoría de las lesiones se localizan en mandíbula, en relación con la estructura dentaria son periapicales, presentan bordes difusos y están presentes en el grupo etario de 50 a 59 años. Las lesiones fueron en su mayoría de forma irregular bordes difusos y con estructura interna unilocular.
Pengembangan Tes Matematika dengan Konteks COVID-19 untuk Siswa SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Authors: Prabowo Anggit , Dahlan Jarnawi Afgani
Published: December 2020

This study aims to develop a mathematics test with the COVID-19 context to measure the student's skill competencies in grade VIII SMP/MTs. This study was a research development by following the test development procedures: compiling blueprints, writing items, reviewing questions, testing, analyzing the results of trials, and revising. The developed test consists of multiple-choice items with four options. These items were validated content by three experts (teacher, lecturer, and mathematics trainer) and were tested to 86 students. This study developed a mathematics test set with the COVID-19 context consisting of ten items that experts declared valid. Trial of ten items showed two items (numbers 7 and 6), which were not good. Item number 7 was too easy, while item number 6 was not good in the discrimination index. Besides, the two distractors in item number 7 did not work correctly. The estimated coefficient of reliability of the measurement results was quite high, indicated by a coefficient value of 0.658. The items that were not good have been revised by modifying the items so that the index of difficulty and discrimination look good. Useful and revised items were assembled into a mathematics test set for grade VIII students.
The Innovative Learning of Social Arithmetic using Realistic Mathematics Education Approach
Authors: Rahayu Winda , Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra , Istiandaru Afit
Published: December 2020

Learning mathematics has a significant contribution to the studentsâ€™ daily activities, one of which is on social arithmetic topic. The implementation of social arithmetic, in general, is mostly found in buying-selling and banking activities. However, students still find difficulties in understanding this topic. It is because the teaching and learning activities still use a conventional approach, which restricts the students to imagine how it is implemented in daily life. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the innovative learning activities of social arithmetic among junior high school students using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach. This research was conducted in three meetings, and the researcher acted as the teacher in the class. The results showed that the innovative learning of social arithmetic using the RME approach and word problems could improve the studentsâ€™ learning outcomes with an average score of 81.92% and 92.59% of the total of students scored above passing grade.
Accurate heat detection and health monitoring of cattle by SCR sense neck collar
Authors: D. Indira  , J. Suresh  , Y. Ravindra reddy
Published: December 2020

Heat detection in dairy cattle is most important step in successful running of Dairy farms. But due to failure of heat detection at right time the dairy farms running under loss. To overcome this problem the Dodla Dairy at Pulivendula, Kadapa district introduced Heat Detection and Health monitoring SCR cSense Flex Neck Tag which aids in precision dairy farming by accurate detection of heat and monitoring animal activity status. After introduction of this new technology there were a lot of changes noticed and achieved the targeted results in terms of reproduction, health, nutrition, cow comfort and labor.
Educação financeira na escola: falando de juventude, consumismo e projeto de vida
Authors: Piaia Júlio Henrique Silva , Bernardi Luci Teresinha Marchiori dos Santos
Published: December 2020

Este artigo relata resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo analisar criticamente a abordagem sobre Gestão Financeira Pessoal apresentada pela coleção de livros “Educação Financeira nas Escolas – Ensino Médio”, disponibilizado pelo Ministério da Educação para as escolas brasileiras. A pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico, tem aporte teórico na sociologia de Bauman e nas concepções de projeto e comunicação postuladas por Machado e Skovsmose. Apresentamos uma sistematização do material empírico selecionado e a abordagem das categorias custo, recebimento, planejamento, poupança e crédito. Enfatizamos os temas que transversa o conteúdo do material, o consumismo e projetos de vida, destacando a importância dos mesmos para pensarmos uma sociedade onde tenha lugar para todos. Por fim, apresentamos as conclusões, em que retomamos a proposta desenvolvida e destacamos potencialidades e fragilidades do material do MEC, objetivando analisar as abordagens das categorias e apresentando sugestões de melhorias, disposto a aprimorá-lo.
Alkol Katılan Gıdaların Fıkhî Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇAYIROĞLU Yüksel
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada, helâl gıdanın en önemli güncel problemlerinden biri olan alkol meselesi ele alınmış ve alkol katılan gıdaların fıkhî hükmü tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Öncelikle bu meselenin, Kur’an ve Sünnet’teki delilleri incelenmiş, daha sonra mezhep imamlarının içkiyle ilgili içtihatları verilmiş ve sonrasında da alkolle ilgili güncel fıkhî problemlerin hükmü üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bağlamda öncelikle konuyla ilgili görüş beyan eden araştırmacıların güncel fetvaları nakledilmiş, akabinde de naslar çerçevesinde bunların tutarlılık ve doğruluğu sorgulanmıştır. Sonuç itibarıyla alkolün necis bir madde olduğu, istihâle (kimyasal dönüşüm) geçiren veya gıda içerisinde kendiliğinden oluşan alkolün haramlık hükmünü kaybedeceği, istihlâk’ın (az maddenin çok madde içerisinde kaybolması) alkol katılmış gıdaların hükmüne etkisinin olmayacağı, muhtevasında alkol yer alan gıdaları tüketmek için ortada bir zaruretin bulunmadığı fakat umûmü’l-belva (kaçınılması güçlüğe zor açan olaylar) meselesinin tartışmaya açık olduğu, alkol kullanımında gözetilen maksadın ve alkolün elde edildiği kaynağın hükme etki etmeyeceği neticesine ulaşılmış; alkolün, gıda üretiminde katkı maddesi veya yardımcı madde olarak kullanılmaması gerektiği vurgulanmıştır.
Perinteinen ja paikallinen tieto maankäytön suunnittelussa – esimerkkinä Enontekiö
Authors: Markkula Inkeri , Turunen Minna Tuulikki , Tuulentie Seija , Nikula Ari
Published: December 2020

Maankäyttö- ja rakennuslaki edellyttää vuorovaikutteisuutta ja paikallisten ihmisten osallistamista maankäytön suunnittelussa. Kokemusperäisen paikallistiedon ja perinteisen tiedon tuominen osaksi suunnitteluprosesseja edistää vuorovaikutteisuutta ja parantaa osallistamista. Biologista monimuotoisuutta koskeva yleissopimus edellyttää perinteisen tiedon huomioimista maankäytön suunnittelussa Suomen saamelaisalueella. Sopimuksen velvoitteiden täyttämiseksi Metsähallitus on ensimmäisenä maailmassa ottanut käyttöön vapaaehtoiset Akwé: Kon -ohjeet. Tarkastelemme tässä tutkimuksessa Akwé: Kon -ohjeiden soveltamiseen liittyviä kokemuksia, sekä kartoitamme kokemusperäisen paikallisen ja perinteisen tiedon sisällyttämiseen maankäytön suunnittelussa liittyviä haasteita.  Koska paikallista ja perinteistä tietoa enenevässä määrin kerätään paikkatietomenetelmiä käyttäen, pohdimme myös erityiskysymyksiä, joita osallistavien paikkatietomenetelmien käyttöön saamelaisalueella liittyy. Tutkimus pohjautuu vuosina 2016–2018 Enontekiöllä tehtyyn paikkatietokyselyyn sekä maankäytön parissa toimivien virkamiesten ja paikallisten saamelaisten poronhoitajien haastatteluihin. Paikallisen kokemusperäisen ja perinteisen tiedon sisällyttämiseen osaksi maankäytön suunnitteluprosesseja liittyy edelleen haasteita. Saamelaiset informantit toivat ilmi, että poronhoitolaki ei suojaa riittävästi saamelaista poronhoitoa ja siihen liittyvää ylisukupolvista tietoa. Metsähallituksen suunnittelijat toivat esiin paikallistiedon tarkan paikantamisen tarpeen sekä ongelmat, joita syntyy, kun kokemusperäistä paikallista ja perinteistä tietoa sisällytetään suunnittelujärjestelmiin. Osallistavat paikkatietomenetelmät voivat tarjota toimivan työkalun perinteisen tiedon dokumentointiin, mutta saamelaiseen kulttuuriperintöön ja nautinta-alueisiin liittyy sellaisia ratkaisemattomia kysymyksiä, jotka tekevät tiedon paikantamisen kartoille haasteelliseksi.
Humanistinen ympäristötutkimus
Authors: Lummaa Karoliina , Lähde Ville , Toivanen Tero , Eronen Jussi T. , Järvensivu Paavo , Vadén Tere
Published: December 2020

Katsauksessa tarkastellaan humanistisen ympäristötutkimuksen taustoja ja nykytilaa sekä suhteutetaan sitä yhteiskuntatieteelliseen ympäristötutkimukseen suomalaisessa ja kansainvälisessä tutkimuskeskustelussa. Koska suuntauksella ei ole vielä selkeää profiilia Suomessa, katsauksen pohjana on valikoima 2010-luvulla ilmestyneitä alan englanninkielisiä antologia- ja artikkelimuotoisia esittelyjä. Humanistisen ympäristötutkimuksen nykytilaa arvioidaan myös suhteessa teemanumeron työn ja talouden materiaalisuuksiin liittyviin kysymyksiin.
Eletyn katutila ajallisuus ja rytmisyys – näkökulmia ajalliseen kaupunkiympäristöön
Authors: Tartia Jani
Published: December 2020

Väitöstilaisuuden Lectio PraecursoriaTampereen yliopisto 17.1.2020
Historical Building Inspection using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav)
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Yusof Hanita , Anjang Ahmad Mustaffa ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Taha Abdullah Aadam Mohammed ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: December 2020

Building inspection is very much required for all buildings especially those historical ones to maintain the structure condition and the safety of the people around. Visual inspection is commonly conducted using manual descriptive information carried out by the inspector personally. The problem with this technique of assessment is that the time needed to write all the defect description on site and to access difficult area can be hazardous. The aim of performing historical building inspection on Tan Swee Hoe’s historical mansion is to evaluate the overall condition of the building with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) image assisted inspection and Condition Survey Protocol 1 (CSP1) method. From this drone assisted inspection, it shows that the time spent on site is less than half an hour and the data collected being evaluated with CSP1 method defined that the building is dilapidated. The overall building condition is in red class and require serious attention to avoid any injuries to the visitors. To prevent a possible failure of a building in the coming years, a suitable condition inspection has been carried out to identify the current existing defect so that it would be fixed before further damage to the building and visitors around it.
A Review of Resourcing Approaches in Post Disaster Housing Reconstruction
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, PALESTINE, Saleh Nour , Enshassi Adnan ,   Department of Civil Engineering,  Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, PALESTINE, Sundermeier Matthias ,   Institute of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, GERMANY
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the occurrence of disasters is on increase and causes heavy human losses and massive destruction especially on housing sector. Post disaster housing reconstruction (PDHR) is a part of the cycle of four disaster management stages: mitigation, preparedness, response; and recovery and reconstruction. Availability of resources is a key factor to a successful PDHR project. This study systematically reviews 94 articles during the period of 2003 and 2019 on different experiences of PDHR. The study reports the various resourcing approaches of PDHR, their strategies, and their advantages and disadvantages. It identifies the critical success factors that led to a successful resourcing approach. The most cited factors reported in this study can be used as a guide to reconstruction practitioner to choose the most appropriate resourcing approach to reconstruct houses after disasters.
Contractor’s Perception on Factors Causing Cost Overrun in Construction Works of Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, PAKISTAN, Memon Abdul Qadir , Memon Aftab Hameed ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, PAKISTAN, Soomro Mohsin Ali ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, PAKISTAN
Published: December 2020

This paper assessed the occurrence and severity level of various factors causing time and cost overrun in construction projects of Pakistan. Investigation was carried out through questionnaire form prepared based on 55 common factors identified from literature. Survey was done amongst the representatives of the contractors involved in handling construction activities in Pakistan. A total of 46 responses gathered against 100 distributed forms were analysed statistically. The results obtained from the analyses based on Average Index values revealed that delay in obtaining permits from the governmental agencies, financial difficulties are common issue faced in construction works of Pakistan. The study also revealed that high cost of machinery & its maintenance, inadequate planning & scheduling and slow information flow between parties have significant effect on time overrun cost while critical factors affecting cost overrun are high cost of machinery & its maintenance, unsuitable construction methods and lack of experience of contractors in affecting project cost. The findings of this study will be helpful for the practitioner in planning for achieving timely completion of the projects and also within the estimated cost.
Development and Validation of a Biolayer Interferometry Method for Determination of Human Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Concentration in Cynomolgus Serum
Authors: Ulyanova K. V. , Kazarov A. A. , Pantyushenko M. S. , Olenev A. A. , Lyagoskin I. V. , Simonov V. M.
Published: December 2020

Some types of immunotherapy of malignant tumours are aimed at restoration of T-cells’ ability to recognize and eliminate cancer. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) overexpression is characteristic of many human tumours and is associated with poor prognosis for patients. The development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for PD-L1 or PD-1 is a promising area of immunotherapy of malignant tumours. However, before a therapeutic antibody-based product enters the market, it is necessary to ensure its safety and efficacy, i.e. perform a full scope of preclinical and clinical studies.

The aim of the study was to develop and validate a bioanalytical method that does not require additional labeling and that could be used for determination of mAbs specific for human PD-L1 in the blood serum of a biological test system during preclinical studies.

Materials and methods: an antigen in the form of a dimer of PD-1 extra-cellular domain covalently bonded to the Fc-fragment of human IgG (R&D Systems, USA) was used in the study. The antigen was immobilised on Dip and Read™ Protein A biosensors (Fortebio, USA). The therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibody GNR-051 was developed and produced by IBC “Generium” (Russia). The healthy cynomolgus monkey serum samples used as matrix were obtained from the Research Institute of Medical Primatology (Sochi, Russia). The assessment of binding was performed using Octet® QKe interferometer (Fortebio, USA) by real-time analysis of the dose-dependent rate of the antigen-antibody complex formation.

Results: the paper presents experimental data on the development and validation of the test method for determination of the therapeutic PD-1-binding mAb concentration in cynomolgus monkey serum in the antibody concentration range from 2 to 2500 µg/mL. The authors assessed the calibration curve reliability, between-run and within-run precision and accuracy, dilution linearity, specificity and selectivity of the test method.

Conclusions: the authors developed and validated the biolayer interferometry-based method for determination of therapeutic mAbs concentration. The method was shown to comply with the Eurasian Economic Union’s regulatory requirements in terms of the main validation parameters: analytical range, accuracy, precision, and selectivity.