bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-invasively identifying candidates of active surveillance for prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging radiomics
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Zhao Litao , Bao Jie , Hou Jian , Jing Zhaozhao , Liu Songlu , Li Xuanhao , Cao Zibing , Yang Boyu , Shen Junkang , Zhang Ji , Ji Libiao , Kang Zhen , Hu Chunhong , Wang Liang , Liu Jiangang
Published: July 2024

Active surveillance (AS) is the primary strategy for managing patients with low or favorable-intermediate risk prostate cancer (PCa). Identifying patients who may benefit from AS relies on unpleasant prostate biopsies, which entail the risk of bleeding and infection. In the current study, we aimed to develop a radiomics model based on prostate magnetic resonance images to identify AS candidates non-invasively. A total of 956 PCa patients with complete biopsy reports from six hospitals were included in the current multicenter retrospective study. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines were used as reference standards to determine the AS candidacy. To discriminate between AS and non-AS candidates, five radiomics models (i.e., eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) AS classifier (XGB-AS), logistic regression (LR) AS classifier, random forest (RF) AS classifier, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) AS classifier, and decision tree (DT) AS classifier) were developed and externally validated using a three-fold cross-center validation based on five classifiers: XGBoost, LR, RF, AdaBoost, and DT. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), and specificity (SPE) were calculated to evaluate the performance of these models. XGB-AS exhibited an average of AUC of 0.803, ACC of 0.693, SEN of 0.668, and SPE of 0.841, showing a better comprehensive performance than those of the other included radiomic models. Additionally, the XGB-AS model also presented a promising performance for identifying AS candidates from the intermediate-risk cases and the ambiguous cases with diagnostic discordance between the NCCN guidelines and the Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System assessment. These results suggest that the XGB-AS model has the potential to help identify patients who are suitable for AS and allow non-invasive monitoring of patients on AS, thereby reducing the number of annual biopsies and the associated risks of bleeding and infection.
Studying the efficacy of low-dose colchicine on clinical outcomes of patients with STEMI: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yousefzadeh Mojtaba , Khosrobeigi Ali , Salehi Ayoub
Published: July 2024

Background

Numerous studies have underscored the essential role of inflammation across all stages of atherosclerosis. While various anti-inflammatory interventions have been implemented to mitigate inflammation-induced injuries, outcomes have been conflicting. Given the essential role of inflammation in these patients and limited data regarding the efficacy of low-dose Colchicine as an anti-inflammatory drug, we aimed to study the efficacy of low-dose Colchicine on clinical outcomes of patients with STEMI in Iran.

Results

Participants presented with STEMI and qualified revascularization at Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom during 2022 and 2023 were included into the study. This study included 172 STEMI patients (114 males and 58 females) within the mean age of 58.93 ± 7.79. Results indicate that colchicine (2 mg for loading dose and 0.5 mg daily for 30 days) and placebo group were not significant differences in identical profiles regarding age and gender. Analyses revealed no significant differences in clinical outcome after the 40-day follow-up period.

Conclusions

This study revealed that the addition of colchicine did not yield a significant benefit in enhancing the outcomes of patients with STEMI.

Clinical trial registration: This study was prospectively registered on Iranian registry of clinical trials, with registration number (IRCT20231001059578N1).
Transarterial embolization in Wunderlich syndrome due to recanalization of giant renal angiomyolipoma pseudoaneurysm: a case report and literature review
Authors: Koesbandono  , Sidipratomo Prijo , Utomo Raditya , Tansol Christiano , Kurniawan Yohanes Chandra
Published: July 2024

Background

Acute spontaneous bleeding from renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is one of the causes of Wunderlich syndrome, a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition. Clinical deterioration will occur if there is a delay in urgent management. There are several management options for renal angiomyolipoma rupture. However, until now little is known about the case of recanalization from post-coil embolization of renal angiomyolipoma. There is no guideline about embolization technique for the management of recurrent bleeding after embolization or coil recanalization of renal angiomyolipoma.

Case presentation

A 55-year-old male has Wunderlich syndrome caused by recurrent bleeding of giant AML of the left renal due to coil recanalization compounded by a pseudoaneurysm and other bleeding site in bilateral giant renal angiomyolipoma which is showed by contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan. The patient underwent urgent transarterial embolization and some blood transfusion. Clinical improvement occurred and the patient discharged several days later.

Conclusions

Embolization for spontaneous bleeding or rebleeding of renal pseudoaneurysms may become the first choice of treatment in bilateral multiple renal angiomyolipoma rather than other managements which are available to preserve renal function.
Achieving sustainable development in ECOWAS countries: the impact of trade openness, poverty and human capital
Authors: Balogun Musliudeen Adewale , Tella Sheriffdeen Adewale , Adelowokan Oluwaseyi Adedayo , Ogede Jimoh Sina , Adegboyega Soliu Bidemi
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the relationship among trade openness, poverty, and human capital development in the pursuit of sustainable development across a panel of ten ECOWAS economies over a 34-year period (1987–2020). Specifically, it examines the roles of trade openness, poverty, and human capital development in sustainable development, while also exploring the moderating role of trade openness on the poverty-sustainable development relationship within the ECOWAS region. To conduct this analysis, the study employs panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) using both the Pool Mean Group (PMG) estimator and Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) techniques, taking into account cross-sectional dependence, cointegration, and other relevant diagnostic tests. The findings indicate that poverty has a consistent negative long-run impact on sustainable development, while human capital is positively associated with sustainability over the long term. Trade openness lacks a significant relationship with sustainability in both the short and long run. Inflation is insignificantly related to sustainability. Exchange rates demonstrate mixed effects. In terms of moderation, trade openness positively and significantly moderates the poverty-sustainability relationship in the long run but not the short run. Robustness testing using the AMG and P-OLS models further validates the significant positive impact of human capital and the insignificant effect of trade openness on sustainable development. Given poverty’s significant negative association and human capital’s positive link with sustainable development, the findings suggest the need for integrated policy mixes prioritizing multidimensional poverty reduction and human capability enhancement to promote sustainability objectives across both short- and long-term horizons in ECOWAS countries. Furthermore, prudent management of exchange rates and well-designed trade policies should complement these efforts to mitigate potential risks and harness any benefits for sustainability.
Prognostic value of laboratory markers in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Omar Amany Omar Mohamed , Ahmed Yousef Ahmed Yousef , Elfadl Abd-Elazim Ahmed Abo , Ali Abeer Houssein , Abdelrahman Amal Abdallah , Ali Khaled Mohamed Khaled
Published: July 2024

Background

Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a serious illness. Identifying prognostic factors for APE may help in the management of those patients. This study’s objective was to evaluate the prognostic value of laboratory markers in predicting right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and 30-day mortality in pulmonary embolism patients.

Methods

Eighty patients with APE were enrolled and followed up for 30 days. Detailed echocardiography was done to evaluate RVD. All patients were subjected to arterial blood gas analysis, complete blood count (CBC), plasma concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum D-dimer level, and serum troponin I level, and the following ratio were calculated: neutrophil-to-lymphocytic ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocytic ratio (PLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and alveolar to arterial gradient.

Results

Our results analysis revealed significantly elevated levels of median NLR, PLR, CRP, D-dimer, and troponin in both the RVD and non-survivor groups (P value < 0.001). The blood markers that showed the highest predictive ability for right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and 30-day mortality, as determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression, were A-a O2 gradient, serum troponin, CRP, D-dimer, NLR, and PLR (P value < 0.001).

Conclusion

Evaluation of different serum markers including NLR, PLR, RDW, CRP, D-dimer, troponin, and A-a O2 gradient is a simple and available marker for predicting right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and 30-day mortality in patients with APE.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04237974.
Preliminary results from a phase II clinical study of first-line drugs combined with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the treatment of oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Liu Ruiqi , Liu Yang , Zhang Zhiling , Gao Jianming , Guo Shengjie , Han Hui , Zhou Fangjian , Dong Pei , He Liru
Published: July 2024

4540

Background: For metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients (pts) with oligoprogression, escalation of systemic therapy (STE) to the next line of treatment is one of the major strategies but not the only option. Our study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to mRCC pts with oligoprogression after first-line systemic therapy. Methods: This is a single-arm, phase II study enrolling oligoprogressive mRCC pts, defined as ≤ 3 progressive lesions with total metastases ≤ 5, who have received first-line systemic therapy for more than three months (ChiCTR2000032947). No liver or brain metastasis was allowed. Nephrotic focus was treated before or after enrollment. Pts remained on current first-line systemic therapy and received SBRT for all the oligoprogressive lesions, with 35-45Gy in 5 fractions. If oligoprogressive lesions appeared > 6 months after the end of SBRT, which were not irradiated, a second round of SBRT could be allowed. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints were local control (LC) rate, time to STE, overall survival (OS) and safety. Results: From June 2020 to Jan 2024, 30 pts were enrolled, and 27 pts (median age: 55 years; male-to-female ratio: 16:11) were evaluable for efficacy after SBRT. Most pts (74.1%) had a clear cell histology, and most pts (92.6%) were at an intermediate or a poor risk according to the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium criteria. Sixteen pts had one progressive lesion and 11 pts had 2-3 lesions. The median time to oligoprogressive disease under first-line systemic therapy (mostly TKI monotherapy: 85.2%) was 13.6 months. The most common sites for SBRT were bone (32.4%), lymph node (23.5%) and lung (23.5%). At a median follow-up of 23.5 months, the LC rate was 97.1%. Six-month PFS, 12-month PFS, 18-month PFS, 24-month PFS and median PFS were 88.9%, 54.2%, 36.4%, 22.7% and 15.0 months, respectively. The 24-month OS and median OS were 78.5% and not reached. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in 44.4% pts, and the most common AEs were hematological toxicity (18.5%), hypertension (18.5%), and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (7.4%). No SBRT-related grade 3-4 toxicity was observed. Conclusions: SBRT is a safe and an effective treatment for oligoprogressive mRCC, with a notable extension of the ongoing first-line systemic therapy. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2000032947.
Anlotinib plus docetaxel in advanced NSCLC progressing on immunotherapy: A pooled analysis of two randomized trials.
Authors: Wu Lin , Fang Yong , Pu Xingxiang , Shou Jiawei , Xiao Zemin , Chen Jun , Xiao Maoliang , Guo Qunyi , Ma Zhongsha , Hong Wei , Wang Qianzhi , Wang Yonghui , Li Jia , Rao Chuangzhou , Jie Weng , Lu Liqin
Published: July 2024

8062

Background: This analysis aimed to evaluate outcomes of anlotinib plus docetaxel versus docetaxel alone in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) using the pooled data from two randomized trials (ALTER-L016; ALTER-L018). Methods: Eligible patients for this pooled analysis were aged 18-75 years and had EGFR/ALK/ROS1 wild-type advanced NSCLC progressing after first-line ICIs therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive anlotinib (10 mg [L016] or 12 mg [L018] once daily on days 1-14) plus docetaxel (60 mg/m2 [L016] or 75 mg/m2 [L018], on day 1 every 3 weeks) or docetaxel alone. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Second endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. Results: Total of 71 patients (L016, n = 39; L018, n = 32) who progressed after ICIs were included in this pooled analysis, 40 of whom had received anlotinib plus docetaxel and 31 received docetaxel. Median follow-up for all patients was 27.0 months (IQR, 17.6-31.2). A significant PFS benefit was observed with anlotinib plus docetaxel (5.4 months; 95% CI, 5.0-9.3) over docetaxel alone (2.3 months; 95% CI, 1.4-2.9), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.34 (95% CI, 0.18-0.63; P < 0.001). Improvement in PFS was seen across most evaluated subgroups. Anlotinib plus docetaxel induced a higher ORR (25.0% vs. 12.9%) and DCR (82.5% vs. 45.2%) over docetaxel alone. Median OS was similar between two arms (16.2 vs. 13.7 months; HR = 0.82 [0.47-1.44]; P = 0.488). Subsequent therapy with ICIs was associated with a longer OS. The incidence of grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events was 32.5% with anlotinib plus docetaxel and 6.5% with docetaxel. Conclusions: Anlotinib plus docetaxel demonstrated survival and response improvements compared with docetaxel alone in patients with advanced NSCLC progressing after ICIs, with a manageable safety profile. This finding suggested anlotinib plus docetaxel might be effective and safe option in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT03726736 ; NCT03624309 .
MEK inhibitor combined with RTK inhibitor (trametinib plus anlotinib) in non-G12C KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: A new strategy.
Authors: Han Baohui , Lu Jun , Zhong Hua , Chu Tianqing , Zhang Wei , Hu Minjuan , Shi Chunlei , Xiong Liwen , Gu Aiqin , Wang Huimin , Lou Yuqing , Zhang Yanwei , Zhong Runbo , Gao Zhiqiang
Published: July 2024

8542

Background: It remains as a big challenge to provide therapeutic regime for the non-G12C KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The strategy of co-inhibition of MEK/RTKs pathways via trametinib and anlotinib showed preliminary activity in non-G12C KRAS-mutant NSCLC. Methods: The phase I clinical trial (NCT04967079) was divided into 2 parts including part A and part B. The primary endpoint of part A was to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) and the primary endpoint of part B was to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR) and safety. Results: The part A containing 13 patients showed that the RP2D is trametinib (2 mg) plus anlotinib (8 mg), the ORR is 69.2%, the PFS is 207 days, DCR is 92% and the rate of adverse events (AEs) ≥ grade 3 is 23%. The part B containing 20 patients showed high efficacy of this combinational therapy (trametinib (2 mg) plus anlotinib (8 mg)), with the ORR at 65%, the PFS is 330 days, the DCR at 100%, and the rate of AEs ≥ grade 3 at 35%. An integrative analysis for the part A plus part B (33 patients) indicated that the ORR is 66.7%, the PFS is 300 days, the DCR is 97% and the rate of adverse events (AEs) ≥ grade 3 is 30%. Conclusions: This study provides a potential combinational therapeutic strategy for those non-G12C KRAS-mutant lung cancer patients via oral administration of trametinib and anlotinib. Clinical trial information: NCT04967079 .
A phase 1b study of ensartinib in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Concannon Kyle , Selvaggi Giovanni , Zhou Joey , Elamin Yasir Y
Published: July 2024

8624

Background: Ensartinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which has shown systemic and central nervous system efficacy in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and superiority over crizotinib in the first-line setting. This single-arm phase-1b study evaluates the efficacy of ensartinib in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab in ALK-positive advanced NSCLC. Methods: Patients were treated with 4 cycles of induction ensartinib, carboplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab before receiving maintenance ensartinib with or without bevacizumab and/or pemetrexed until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Prior treatment with ALK-targeting agents and the presence of asymptomatic brain metastases were allowed. The primary endpoints were to determine safety of ensartinib in combination with carboplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab and to determine the recommend phase 2 dose of ensartinib in this combination. Results: Between June 22, 2021, and August 15, 2022, 6 patients were enrolled into the study and treated with at least one dose of ensartinib in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab. All patients were included in safety and efficacy analyses. The median age was 54.7y, 3/6 were female, 5/6 were never smokers, the median ECOG was 1, and 3/6 had brain metastases at enrollment. Participants received a median of 2 prior lines of therapy (range 0-3) and 4/6 received prior ALK TKI therapy: 2/6 two prior ALK TKIs, 2/6 three prior ALK TKIs. As of 12/1/2022, the maximum severity adverse event (AE) was grade 2 in 1/6 patients, grade 3 in 4/6 patients, and grade 5 in 1/6 - a therapy unrelated bronchopulmonary hemorrhage. Ensartinib-related grade 1, 2, and 3 AEs occurred in 1/6, 3/6, and 2/6 respectively. Dose reductions from 225mg daily to 200mg daily occurred in 1/6 patients secondary to grade 3 transaminitis, which was subsequently well tolerated. 1/6 patients transitioned therapy after a treatment unrelated bowel perforation. The median time on trial was 9.6 months. 2/6 patients remained on treatment at time of censorship with trial durations of 22.6 and 15.8 months. 1/6 patients progressed and 2/6 patients died on treatment. Conclusions: Ensartinib in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab had an acceptable safety profile and demonstrates clinical activity in treatment naïve and previously treated advanced ALK-positive NSCLC, including in patients treated with prior ALK-targeted therapies. Next phase study designs are currently being considered. Clinical trial information: 2020-0838.
Comparison of Postoperative Seizures Between Burr-Hole Evacuation and Craniotomy in Patients With Nonacute Subdural Hematomas: A Bi-Institutional Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
Authors: Ramirez-Velandia Felipe , Ranawaka Kasuni H. , Wadhwa Aryan , Salih Mira , Fodor Thomas B. , Lau Tzak S. , Pacheco-Barrios Niels , Enriquez-Marulanda Alejandro , Khan Imad S. , Vega Rafael A. , Stippler Martina , Taussky Philipp , Hong Jennifer , Ogilvy Christopher S.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Postoperative seizures are a common complication after surgical drainage of nonacute chronic subdural hematomas (SDHs). The literature increasingly supports the use of prophylactic antiepileptic drugs for craniotomy, a procedure that is often associated with larger collections and worse clinical status at admission. This study aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative seizures in patients treated with burr-hole drainage and those treated with craniotomy through propensity score matching (PSM).

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on patients with surgical drainage of nonacute SDHs (burr-holes and craniotomies) between January 2017 to December 2021 at 2 academic institutions in the United States. PSM was performed by controlling for age, subdural thickness, subacute component, and preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale. Seizure rates and accompanying abnormalities on electroencephalographic tracing were evaluated postmatching.

RESULTS:

A total of 467 patients with 510 nonacute SDHs underwent 474 procedures, with 242 burr-hole evacuations (51.0%) and 232 craniotomies (49.0%). PSM resulted in 62 matched pairs. After matching, univariate analysis revealed that burr-hole evacuations exhibited lower rates of seizures (1.6% vs 11.3%; P = .03) and abnormal electroencephalographic findings (0.0% vs 4.8%; P = .03) compared with craniotomies. No significant differences were observed in postoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (P = .77) and length of hospital stay (P = .61).

CONCLUSION:

Burr-hole evacuation demonstrated significantly lower seizure rates than craniotomy using a propensity score-matched analysis controlling for significant variables.
Follow-Up Care for Brain Tumors in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Existing Challenges and Strategies for the Future
Authors: Shakir Muhammad , Tahir Izza , Shariq Syeda Fatima , Khowaja Aly Hamza , Irshad Hammad Atif , Rae Ali I. , Hamzah Radzi , Gupta Saksham , Park Kee B. , Enam Syed Ather
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Brain tumors have a poor prognosis and a high death rate. Sufficient aftercare is necessary to enhance patient results. But follow-up care provision is fraught with difficulties in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where a variety of variables can impede access to care. Therefore, our systematic review aimed to identify challenges to follow-up care for brain tumors and possible solutions in LMICs.

METHODS:

A thorough search of the literature was performed from the beginning until October 20, 2022, using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL. Studies focusing on the aftercare of brain tumors in LMICs met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers used the National Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthesia Plan categories to identify themes, extract relevant data, and evaluate individual articles. After being discovered, these themes were arranged in Microsoft Excel to make reporting and comprehension simpler.

RESULTS:

A total of 27 studies were included in the review. Among the studies included, the most frequently cited barriers to follow-up care were financial constraints (54%), long-distance travel (42%), and a lack of awareness about the importance of follow-up care (25%). Other challenges included preference for traditional or alternative medications (4%) and high treatment costs (8%). Proposed strategies included implementing mobile clinics (20%), establishing a documentation system (13%), and educating patients about the importance of follow-up care (7%).

CONCLUSION:

In LMICs, several issues pertaining to personnel, infrastructure, service delivery, financing, information management, and governance impede the provision of follow-up treatment for patients with brain tumors. As established by the suggested techniques found in the literature, addressing these issues will necessitate concurrent action by stakeholders, legislators, health ministries, and government agencies.
The Era of Radial-Specific Catheters: A Multicenter Comparison of the Armadillo and RIST Catheters in Transradial Procedures
Authors: El Naamani Kareem , Roy Joanna M. , Momin Arbaz A. , Teichner Eric M. , Sioutas Georgios S. , Salem Mohamed M. , Gaskins Wendell , Saadat Nazanin , Nguyen Alyssa Mai , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Gooch M. Reid , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Srinivasan Visish , Jankowitz Brian T. , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Jabbour Pascal M.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

As the radial approach is gaining popularity in neurointervention, new radial-specific catheters are being manufactured while taking into consideration the smaller size of the radial artery, different trajectories of angles into the great vessels from the arm, and subsequent force vectors. We compared outcomes of transradial procedures performed using the Armadillo catheter (Q'Apel Medical Inc.) and the RIST radial guide catheter (Medtronic).

METHODS:

This is a retrospective multicenter study comparing outcomes of transradial neuroendovascular procedures using the Armadillo and RIST catheters at 2 institutions between 2021 and 2024.

RESULTS:

The study comprised 206 patients, 96 of whom underwent procedures using the Armadillo and 110 using the RIST. Age and sex were comparable across cohorts. In most procedures, 1 target vessel was catheterized (Armadillo: 94.8% vs 89.1%, P = .29) with no significant difference between cohorts. The use of an intermediate catheter was minimal in both cohorts (Armadillo 5.2% vs RIST: 2.7%, P = .36), and the median number of major vessel catheterization did not significantly differ between cohorts (Armadillo: 1 [1-4] vs RIST: 1 [0-6], P = .21). Failure to catheterize the target vessel was encountered in 1 case in each cohort (Armadillo: 1.0% vs RIST: 0.9%, P = .18), and the rate did not significantly differ between cohorts. Similarly, the rate of conversion to femoral access was comparable between cohorts (Armadillo: 2.1% vs RIST: 1.8%, P = .55). There was no significant difference in access site complications (Armadillo: 1% vs RIST: 2.8%, P = .55) or neurological complications (Armadillo: 3.1% vs RIST: 5.5%, P = .42) between cohorts.

CONCLUSION:

No significant difference in successful catheterization of target vessels, procedure duration, triaxial system use, complication rates, or the need for transfemoral cross-over was observed between both catheters. Both devices offer high and comparable rates of technical success and low morbidity rates.
Comparative Analysis of Endoscope Obscuration With Utilization of an Endonasal Access Guide for Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Barkhoudarian Garni , Zhou David , Avery Michael B. , Khan Usman , Mallari Regin Jay , Emerson Josh , Griffiths Chester , Kelly Daniel F.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

In endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) for skull base pathologies, endoscope view obscuration remains a persistent, time-consuming, and distracting issue for surgeons and may result in increased operative time. The endonasal access guide (EAG) has been demonstrated as a possible adjunct to minimize these events. However, to date, there have been no comparative studies performed and the potential time savings by using EAGs have yet to be quantified. This cohort study aimed to determine the operative efficiency benefits of the EAG in EEA operations.

METHODS:

Analysis of EEA operative videos from an EAG cohort (n = 20) and a control cohort (n = 20) was performed, assessing 12-minute segments in the first, middle, and last third of each operation. The first segment in each cohort was selected before EAG placement, serving as an internal control. Every endoscope lens soiling instance was counted (measured as cleaning actions per minute), timed (obscuration time %), and identified as a withdrawal, irrigation, or other cleaning action. Perioperative variables including skull base repair and postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage were assessed.

RESULTS:

Within the EAG cohort, obscuration time was reduced in the middle and last third compared with the first third (3.73% [CI: 2.39-5.07] vs 12.97% [CI: 10.24-15.70], P < .001; 4.19% [CI: 2.83-5.55] vs 12.97% [CI: 10.24-15.70], P < .001) and cleaning actions were also significantly reduced by EAG (0.69/min [CI: 0.39-0.99] vs 1.67/min [CI: 1.34-2.00], P = .001; 0.66/min [CI: 0.35-0.97] vs 1.67/min [CI: 1.34-2.00], P < .001). Between the control and EAG cohorts, there was no significant difference between obscuration time and cleaning actions in the first third (9.33% vs 12.97%, P = .086; 1.34/min vs 1.67/min, P = .151) or in the middle third (6.24% vs 3.73%, P = .140; 0.80/min vs 0.69/min, P = .335), but there was a significant difference in the last third (9.25% [CI: 6.95-11.55] vs 4.19% [CI: 2.83-5.55], P < .001; 0.95/min [CI: 0.73-1.17] vs 0.66/min [CI: 0.35-0.97], P = .018).

CONCLUSION:

EAG significantly reduces lens obscurations and cleaning events, particularly during the intradural portion of operations. This technology may offer a greater time-saving impact with patients undergoing long EEA operations.
Presentation and Management of Granulomatous Mastitis in the United States: Results of an American Society of Breast Surgeons Registry Study
Authors: Kapoor Nimmi S. , Ryu Howon , Smith Linda , Zou Jingjing , Mitchell Katrina , Blair Sarah L.
Published: July 2024

Background

Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a benign, chronic, inflammatory disease lacking clear treatment guidelines. The purpose of this American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) prospective, multisite registry was to characterize the presentation of GM and identify treatment strategies associated with symptom resolution and optimal cosmesis.

Methods

ASBrS members entered data into a registry on patient demographics, treatment, symptoms, and cosmesis over a 1-year period. Initial symptoms were graded as mild, moderate, or severe. The Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to identify factors related to symptom improvement and cosmesis.

Results

Overall, 112 patients with a mean age of 36 years were included. More patients were Hispanic (49.1%) and from the Southwest (41.1%), and management included observation (4.5%), medical (70.5%), surgical (5.4%), or combination treatment (19.6%). Immunosuppression was used in 83 patients (74.1%), including 43 patients who received intralesional steroid injections. Patients with severe symptoms were more likely to undergo surgical intervention compared with those with mild or moderate symptoms (21.4% vs. 0% and 7.5%, respectively; p = 0.004). Within 1 year, 85 patients (75.9%) experienced symptom improvement and/or resolution at a median of 3 months. Receipt of immunosuppressive therapy was predictive of improvement or resolution at 1 month (odds ratio 4.22; p = 0.045). One-year physician-assessed cosmesis was excellent or good for 20/35 patients (57.1%) and was not associated with type of treatment or symptom severity.

Conclusion

Although GM can have a protracted course, the majority of patients in this registry resolved within 1 year, with good cosmetic result. Treatment with immunosuppression appears to be most beneficial, and a symptom-based algorithm may be helpful to guide treatment.
Αθησαύριστο λεξιλόγιο από τον Σάραχο του Πόντου: Από την αυτηκοΐα (δεκαετία του 1980) στα κατάλοιπα του Ι. Παρχαρίδη (1876)
Authors: Mackridge Peter
Published: July 2024

Hitherto unpublished Ophitic Pontic vocabulary from the village of Sarachos (Uzungöl), based on fieldwork conducted by Peter Mackridge in the 1980s, and collated by him with the 1876 manuscript collection of Ioannis Parcharidis.
Ντε, ντεμέκ, μπάρεμ, εμ … εμ: Τουρκικά δάνεια ως πραγματολογικοί δείκτες στην κοινή νέα ελληνική και τις διαλέκτους
Authors: Βραχιονίδου Μαρία
Published: July 2024

The article focuses on discourse markers of Turkish origin in Modern Greek, such as de, demek, barem. The data discussed here are drawn from recordings of oral speech and belong to three registers: a) Standard Modern Greek; b) dialectal varieties; and c) urban slang. They display differences in function, syntactic position and occurrence in diverse contextual environments. Furthermore, their socio-linguistic dimensions and the value of such turkisms are discussed in the context of contact linguistics.
Από την ιστορία της τσακωνικής διαλέκτου: μια νέα άγνωστη πηγή
Authors: Μανωλέσσου Ιώ , Παντελίδης Νικόλαος
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to present for the first time to the academic community a new, hitherto unknown and unpublished early source for the Tsakonian dialect. It is the travel diary, written in French, of a Swedish archaeologist, Johan David Åkerblad (1763-1819), who visited the Peloponnese in the 1790s in search of ancient Greek inscriptions. During his brief stay in Hydra, he encountered Tsakonians settled in the island. He recorded ca. 50 words and phrases in Tsakonian, which provide valuable evidence for the dating of basic innovative phonological and morphological phenomena of the dialect, as well as its internal dialectal diversification. Åkerblad’s material is different from that recorded by his contemporary Villoison (1788), and from the until now considered third earliest source, W.M. Leake (1814). The diary additionally provides the earliest, until now, recorded words of Arvanitika, from the area of Attica-Boeotia.
Το Ιστορικόν Λεξικόν της Νέας Ελληνικής ως ιστορικό λεξικό
Authors: Μανωλέσσου Ιώ
Published: July 2024

T
This paper presents the methodological principles underlying the Historical Dictionary of Modern Greek (ILNE) of the Academy of Athens with respect to the diachronic examination of the vocabulary, taking into consideration the latest advances in the domain of historical lexicography. The issues examined include: a) the historical lexicography of the Greek language and its representatives b) the delimitation of the historical period covered by the ILNE and the problems associated with it c) the dating and the etymological analysis of the material and d) the lemmatisation and presentation of the material on the basis of historical criteria.
Το ονοματολογικό υλικό του ΙΛΝΕ
Authors: Αφρουδάκης Άγγελος
Published: July 2024

This paper deals briefly with three issues: a) older and recent trends concerning the use of proper names in dictionaries, b) adjustments of the new Regulations of ILNE concerning the treatment of onomatological material, and c) relevant remarks on the compilation of a separate digital toponymic dictionary beside ILNE.
Διαλεκτική λεξικογραφία: ελληνική βιβλιογραφία
Authors: Κατσούδα Γεωργία
Published: July 2024

Η παρούσα βιβλιογραφία περιλαμβάνει τα περισσότερα –κατά το δυνατόν– λεξικά και γλωσσάρια των νεοελληνικών διαλέκτων και ιδιωμάτων.
Diversity of marine Amphipods (Crustacea, Peracarida) from the North African shelf of the Mediterranean Sea (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt). An updated checklist for 2023
Authors: BAKALEM ALI , DAUVIN JEAN CLAUDE , MENIOUI MOHAMED
Published: July 2024

An updated checklist for 2023 is given for the amphipods recorded on the continental shelf of five countries in North Africa bordering the southern Mediterranean Sea: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. This revision incorporates the checklist of amphipods from two countries, Algeria and Tunisia and provides the first checklists for Morocco, Libya and Egypt. The total number of species recorded in the entire Southern Mediterranean Sea is 454. The number of species is much higher in the western basin than in the eastern or central parts of the Mediterranean Sea. The Algerian fauna accounts for the highest number of species (with 342), while the lowest is found in Egypt (with 100). The other checklists are for Morocco (241 species), Tunisia (167 species) and Libya (138 species). Among the 454 species making up the overall checklist, 95 species (21%) are considered as endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. The Caprellidae Leach, 1814 represent the most diversified family with 34 species. Five other families account 20 species or more, i.e., the Ampeliscidae Krøyer, 1842 (33 species), the Aoridae Stebbing, 1899 (25 species), the Ischyroceridae Stebbing, 1899 (21 species), the Corophiidae Leach, 1814 (21 species) and the Maeriidae Krapp-Schickel, 2008 (20 species). Only 15 species are non-indigenous species or cryptogenic species. There is a trend of decreasing diversity of benthic amphipods from the western to the eastern parts of the Southern Mediterranean Sea; the greatest number of pelagic amphipod species has been observed in the Egyptian coast. Only eight species have been reported from abyssal depths off the Algerian coast. Twenty-seven species were found along the entire North African coast, including four Ampelisca (A. brevicornis, A. diadema, A. tenuicornis and A. typica), four Maeridae (Elasmopus pocillimanus, E. rapax, Maera grossimana and Quadrimaera inaequipes) and three Lysianassidae (Lysianassa costae, L. pilicornis, and Lysianassina longicornis). Future research should be focused on deep-sea habitats, on specific or unexplored habitats such as seagrass meadows (Posidonia oceanica, Zostera spp. and Cymodocea nodosa) and coralligenous formations as well as on the south-eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea.
Cracking the Code of Sciatica - A Review of the Sport Injury and Rehabilitation Literature
Authors: Szymczuk Błażej , Iwan Magdalena , Milczarek Jakub , Trojanowski Dominik , Adamiec Ksawery , Kajzar Magdalena , Rodak Małgorzata , Nitka Kamila , Piątkowska Natalia , Smorońska-Rypel Joanna
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Chronic low back pain presents a significant challenge in healthcare, affecting numerous individuals globally. Despite the availability of various treatment options, optimal management remains elusive. This study aims to explore different treatment strategies for chronic low back pain, including exercise, pharmacological interventions, and emerging techniques in neural management.
Aim of the Study:
The aim of this study is to provide healthcare professionals with comprehensive insights into managing chronic low back pain. By examining the effectiveness and potential side effects of different treatment modalities, the study seeks to enhance clinicians' understanding and decision-making in pain management.
Brief Summary:
Through a thorough review of literature and evidence-based analysis, this study discusses the role of exercise, medications, and neural management techniques in managing chronic low back pain. It evaluates the efficacy, safety, and potential benefits of each approach, offering valuable guidance for healthcare professionals in optimizing patient care.
Conclusion:
This study underscores the importance of adopting a multidisciplinary approach to managing chronic low back pain. By incorporating a range of treatment modalities, including exercise, pharmacological interventions, and emerging techniques, healthcare professionals can deliver personalized and effective care to patients. Enhanced knowledge and understanding of these strategies empower clinicians to address the complex challenges associated with chronic low back pain and improve patient outcomes.
The Impact of Gut Microbiota on Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases: A Review of Medical Literature.
Authors: Jakubiec Joanna , Gmitrzuk Julita , Malinka Zuzanna , Wiśniewska Katarzyna , Jachymek Anna , Opatowska Martyna , Kucharski Tomasz , Piotrowska Marta
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), pose a major public health challenge due to their progressive nature and profound impact on patients and healthcare systems. Emerging evidence underscores the key role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases. This paper examines the current state of knowledge on the impact of the gut microbiota on PD and AD, focusing on mechanisms such as modulation of inflammation, blood-brain barrier integrity, neurotransmitter production and amyloid pathology. Future research should target the potential hidden in the gut to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of the gut microbiota in neurodegenerative diseases.
Aim of the study
This review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge on the impact of the gut microbiota on neurodegenerative diseases, mainly Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
Materials and methods
The PubMed database and articles from the last 10 years were reviewed. Keywords used in the search included “gut microbiota,” “Parkinson’s disease,” “Alzheimer’s disease,” and “gut-brain axis.” Selected studies were then analyzed to obtain information on the mechanisms of action.
Conclusions
Intestinal microflora plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Modulating it through dietary interventions, probiotics and prebiotics holds promise for new therapeutic strategies. Research on the gut-brain axis and its impact on neurodegeneration will enable the creation of new therapies.
Consumption Responses to an Unpopular Policy: Evidence from a Short-Lived Soda Tax
Authors: Ching Andrew T. , Goetz Daniel
Published: July 2024

This paper provides evidence that consumers who disagree with a soda tax decrease their consumption more strongly to avoid the tax burden.
Highlighting the latest research: June 2024
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane , Cowan Helen
Published: July 2024

Sarah Jane Palmer presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing, while Helen Cowan explores their application to practice. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected and highlight their relevance to cardiac nursing practice. A full reference is provided for those who wish to look at the research in further detail.
Autism and the HCA, 5: addressing physical health
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: July 2024

This series of articles will explore the neurodivergent condition of autism from a range of different perspectives. This sixth article will explore issues around physical health issues and autism, and how to support autistic patients on the ward, in outpatient and emergency departments, GP practices and community care.
Activities of living, 6: eliminating urine and faeces
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: July 2024

Eliminating, in respect to healthcare provision, involves the processes of excretion, including bowel and bladder function. In the context of the Roper et al model, the activity of elimination includes not only the traditional focus on urine and faeces, but also encompasses other body fluids, including vomit. The focus here is on urine and faeces. This article in the series that discusses the activities of living will emphasise the importance of understanding and developing the healthcare assistant's and assistant practitioner's (HCA's and AP's) knowledge, so as to offer people care that is safe, effective, kind and considerate. The article discusses a range of issues, as well as those related to the elimination across the lifespan in health and in illness.
The Care Certificate 1: understanding your role
Authors: Ellis Peter
Published: July 2024

This series, which is set to be published in monthly instalments over several months, will introduce you to the Care Certificate. Skills for Care (2024a) , the workforce development and planning body for adult social care in England, hosts the Care Certificate on its website. You are encouraged to visit the webpage alongside reading these introductory papers.
Understanding the etiology of mental health problems in post-rehabilitation COVID-19 patients: Insights and strategies for effective intervention
Authors: Hu Hai-Sheng , Sun Bao-Qing
Published: July 2024

In this editorial, we comment on an article by Alhammad et al that was published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases (Manuscript No.: 91134). We specifically focus on the mental health problems caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), their mechanisms, and targeted rehabilitation strategies. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, via its spike protein, binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and other receptors prior to infiltrating diverse cells within the central nervous system, including endothelial cells, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, thereby contributing to the development of mental illnesses. Epidemiological data from 2020 underscored the global upsurge in major depressive and anxiety disorders by 27.6% and 25.6%, respectively, during the pandemic. The commented research show that 30% of post-intensive care unit discharge patients with COVID-19 in the Arabic region exhibited Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores that were indicative of anxiety and depression. While acknowledging psychosocial factors, such as grief and loss, it is crucial to recognize the potential neurological impact of the virus through various mechanisms. Accordingly, interventions that encompass dietary measures, health supplements, and traditional Chinese medicine with neuroprotective properties are necessary. This editorial underscores the urgency to implement comprehensive rehabilitation approaches to address the intricate interplay between COVID-19 and mental well-being.
Knowledge domain and emerging trends in the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms research from 2004 to 2023
Authors: Chen Jun-Chen , Luo Cheng , Li Yong , Tan Dian-Hui
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) pose significant health risks, attributable to their potential for sudden rupture, which can result in severe outcomes such as stroke and death. Despite extensive research, the variability of aneurysm behavior, with some remaining stable for years while others rupture unexpectedly, remains poorly understood.

AIM

To employ bibliometric analysis to map the research landscape concerning risk factors associated with IAs rupture.

METHODS

A systematic literature review of publications from 2004 to 2023 was conducted, analyzing 3804 documents from the Web of Science Core Collection database, with a focus on full-text articles and reviews in English. The analysis encompassed citation and co-citation networks, keyword bursts, and temporal trends to delineate the evolution of research themes and collaboration patterns. Advanced software tools, CiteSpace and VOSviewer, were utilized for comprehensive data visualization and trend analysis.

RESULTS

Analysis uncovered a total of 3804 publications on IA rupture risk factors between 2006 and 2023. Research interest surged after 2013, peaking in 2023. The United States led with 28.97% of publications, garnering 37706 citations. Notable United States-China collaborations were observed. Capital Medical University produced 184 publications, while Utrecht University boasted a citation average of 69.62 per publication. “World Neurosurgery ” published the most papers, contrasting with “Stroke ”, the most cited journal. The PHASES score from “Lancet Neurology ” emerged as a vital rupture risk prediction tool. Early research favored endovascular therapy, transitioning to magnetic resonance imaging and flow diverters. “Subarachnoid hemorrhage ” stood out as a recurrent keyword.

CONCLUSION

This study assesses global IA research trends and highlights crucial gaps, guiding future investigations to improve preventive and therapeutic approaches.