bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Silicone Bubble Giving Double Trouble
Authors: Maheshwari Devendra , Nagdev Nimrita , Pillai Madhavi Ramanatha , Gupta Shivam
Published: March 2024

Cataract formation following silicone oil (SO) implantation is a common entity following retinal intervention due to lens touch. Other causes of lens opacity are light toxicity, oxidation of lens protein, and use of intra-ocular gas in managing posterior segment pathology. We presented a case of secondary open-angle glaucoma in the right eye post SO infusion for retinal detachment, which eventually led to SO cataract after 10 months. The best corrected visual acuity was 1/60 in the right eye. Thereafter, with conservative management of high intra-ocular pressure, combined SO removal with phacoemulsification cataract surgery was done, which retrieved a visual acuity of 3/60 and an intra.ocular pressure of 12 mmHg with monotherapy.
OCT Macula as a Prognostic Factor in Silicone Oil Tamponade: Post Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Ambereen Aaliya , Madhivannan Nivean , Nivean Pratheeba D. , Sekaran Sangeetha , Natarajan Madhivannan
Published: March 2024

Aim:

To assess the usefulness of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) as a visual prognostic indicator post retinal detachment (RD) surgery.

Methods:

15 eyes of 15 patients with rhegmatogenous RD that underwent pars plana vitrectomy and silicone endo tamponade were subject to SD-OCT examination of the macula. BCVA (Best Corrected Visual Acuity) post silicone oil removal at 4 weeks was compared with the SD-OCT findings post primary procedure and 3 groups were created - Group A: 6/6-6/12, Group B: 6/18-6/36, Group C: >6/60.

Results:

OCT findings observed in each group were as follows, Group A (N = 7): normal study N = 6 (40%), foveal thinning (1), Group B (N = 6): subfoveal fluid (6%), ELM-EZ disruption N = 3 (20%), epiretinal membrane (ERM) with ELM.EZ disruption - 1 (6%), Group C (N = 3): macular detachment N = 2 (13.3%), ERM with subfoveal fluid N = 1. Patients with ELM-EZ disruption had a better visual prognosis when compared to patients with macular detachment or subfoveal fluid on SD-OCT. The influence of ERM was variable.

Conclusion:

In patients with silicon endo tamponade, SD.OCT serves as a good visual prognostic indicator post RD surgery.
Bilateral Glaucoma in a Rare Case of Overlapping Sturge-Weber Syndrome and Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome
Authors: Chaudhuri Pallabi R. , Biswas Uttam , Dey Asim K. , Chakraborty Milan
Published: March 2024

We report a case of 6.year.old boy presented with dimness of vision having a past history of recurrent seizure for last four years and was found to have glaucoma in both eyes. He also had port.wine stain over both sides of face and hypertrophy of left hand and leg, venous prominence over abdominal wall and chest. CT scan shows left-sided angiomatosis in brain and venacaval anomalous connections in abdomen. This case reveals a very rare overlap between SWS and KTS presented with bilateral port-wine stain and bilateral glaucoma.
Keratoprosthesis – A Review Article
Authors: Ramamurthy Shreyas , Rathi Neha , Ramamurthy Dandapani
Published: March 2024

Keratoprosthesis (Kpro) evolution over the years has been remarkable from initially rejected due to devastating complication to the present with development of multiple biocompatible materials and acceptable designs. Its indications have expanded beyond recurrent immunologic rejection to include other conditions such as chemical injury and other causes of bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency, extensive corneal neovascularization, neurotrophic corneas, and hypotony. Since then, it is accepted worldwide by many cornea specialists and now has become a standard procedure. Improvement in pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative management has resulted in favorable outcomes with reduction in complications. However, sight-threatening complications are even now reported in auto-immune and cicatrizing conditions, which requires prompt management and frequent follow-ups. Researchers in the field have been recently working on improving the design of the currently available devices by introducing the use of new materials that are more biocompatible with the eye. This review article gives an update on recent research in the field, indications, types, and comprehensive detail on outcomes with Kpro.
Bilateral Retinal Haemorrhages as Primary Ocular Manifestation of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia - A Case Report
Authors: Surpur Preeti , Prabhushanker M. , Geetha G , Bagrecha Nipun
Published: March 2024

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in a patient with pre.existing uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension is rarely encountered but must be detected early for appropriate management with systemic chemotherapy. Significant fundus finding mimic diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy, which makes the diagnosis of CML challenging. Early recognition and treatment of the underlying condition can prevent further vision loss and overall morbidity and mortality. Here, we report a case of bilateral retinal haemorrhages as one of the manifestations of CML.
Reviving the Role of Optical Coherence Tomography and Visual Field Analysis as Investigative Tools for Diagnosis of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Rural Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Kumar Mohan Ram , Rinita R. Deborah , Sekhar Reddy Machireddy R. , Srinivasan G. S.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness globally and is characterised by raised intraocular pressure, optic disc cupping, and visual field defects. However, advanced imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) can pick up early changes. Our study aims to examine the role of OCT for the early diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), its correlation with standard automated perimetry, and the diagnostic efficiency of both in POAG patients at a rural tertiary care centre in the Chengelpet District.

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective observational study comparing the quantitative measurement of RNFL using OCT with functional loss analysed using the Automated Perimetry Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer in patients with POAG visiting the tertiary health centre in the Chengelpet district in Tamil Nadu. The study was conducted in 92 eyes of 50 patients diagnosed with POAG for 15 months from March 2022 to May 2023.

Results:

Of the 92 eyes of 50 patients, 26 were male patients and 24 were female patients. In total, 21 eyes had no demonstrable visual field defect, 49 eyes had single hemifield defect and 22 eyes had both hemifield defect. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for OCT RNFL layer measurement in patients diagnosed with visually confirmed ONH changes was 1.00, which was highly significant (P value = 0.01) and correlated well with the type of visual field defect with Humphrey's automated perimetry, suggesting significant correlation between the two. OCT-RNFL measurements are better diagnostic tests than standard automated perimetry for the early detection of glaucoma.

Conclusion:

Both OCT RNFL and Humphrey's automated visual field analysis play a most crucial role as an investigative modality for early diagnosis of POAG; however, OCT has an added advantage of detecting early glaucoma changes even without visible field changes and hence useful for very early detection of POAG in a tertiary care centre.
An Intraoperative Discovery of a Unilateral Pulsating Heartbeat—An Atypical Case of Persistent Foetal Vasculature in the Vitreous with a Silent B-Scan
Authors: Sipra Shivani , Ramesh Prasanna Venkatesh , Devadas Aji Kunnath , Ray Prajnya , Ramesh Shruthy Vaishali , Rajasekaran Ramesh , Ramesh Meena Kumari
Published: March 2024

The foetal vasculature gives nourishment to the developing lens and retina during embryonic development and then regresses after the formation of the retinal vessels. The failure of the foetal ocular vasculature to go through the usually planned involution results in persistent foetal vasculature (PFV), which causes blindness or severe vision loss. In this case, we are reporting a 6-week-old baby with unilateral PFV, which was not evident on ultrasound and was diagnosed incidentally during surgery. The dense, vascularized membrane typically seen behind the lens in these patients may seriously compromise cataract surgery, causing intraoperative bleeding that is sometimes severe enough to force the surgeon to abandon the surgery. The creation of new treatment approaches has been made possible by the recent improvements in micro-invasive surgical methods, which made the early treatment of PFV safer and more successful.
An Unusual Case of Unilateral Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome with Keratoconus and Secondary Angle Closure Glaucoma: A Case Report
Authors: Raja Vidya , Gandhi Niyati P.
Published: March 2024

We report an unusual association of unilateral keratoconus–Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome with secondary angle closure glaucoma in a 22-year-old female. The patient was advised glaucoma drainage device as she was a breastfeeding mother with limited options for antiglaucoma medications. This case highlights the ophthalmologists need to look for multiple entities linked to keratoconus.
An Observational Study to Compare the Intraocular Pressure between Systemic Hypertensive and Normotensive Patients Attending the Ophthalmology Outpatients Department at a Tertiary Care Centre in Gwalior City
Authors: Dubey Harshita , Shakya Devendra K. , Kujur Rashmi , Shukla Durgesh
Published: March 2024

Background:

Glaucoma and hypertension are asymptomatic in their initial stages. However, management of blood pressure (BP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) may improve the treatment and visual prognosis of glaucoma. The interaction between BP and IOP is related to the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), which is an important factor in blood flow to the optic nerve. Therefore, this study aims to compare the IOP in non.glaucomatous patients between the systemic hypertensive group and the normotensive group.

Material and Methods:

The present observational comparative study was conducted on 80 systemic hypertensive and 80 normotensive patients visiting the outpatient department (OPD) of the ophthalmology department at a tertiary care centre in Gwalior City between April 2023 to July 2023. IOP was measured using a non.contact tonometer and BP with a digital machine attached to the patient's left arm in the sitting position by taking two readings during the same visit of the day, and an average value was obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS for Windows, Version 23.0 (IBM® Corporation, New York, United States). The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Chi.square test, Levene's test, independent samples t-test, Welch's t-test One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test were applied. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

In the present comparative study, 80 cases and 80 controls were taken with the average age of the cases being 62.64 ± 6.85 years, and among the controls the average age was 59.99 ± years. Among the cases, 76.2% had raised systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 47.5% had raised diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The average IOP among the cases for the right eye was 18.81 ± 4.10, while the average IOP among the controls for the right eye was 13.83 ± 2.83. IOP for the left eye among the cases was significantly higher among the cases (17.86 ± 4.27) as compared with the controls (14.33 ± 3.32). There was a significant variation in IOP in the systemic hypertensive group.

Conclusion:

This study revealed a positive relationship between BP and IOP. The tendency of increase in IOP was relatively greater in patients with uncontrolled hypertension, that is, for SBP >140 mmHg and DBP >90 mmHg. Our findings suggest that lower systemic BP is associated with lower IOP at presentation, which can further prevent the risk of developing glaucoma.
Highlights of the 2022 Amendment to the Taiwan Mental Health Act
Authors: Cheng Kai-Da , Chou Frank Huang-Chih
Published: March 2024

Background:

Each country has each mental health act (MHA), which usually responds to the need of the society. Without exception, Taiwan has been through the enacting and amending the MHA since 1990.

Methods:

In the review, the authors intend to recount and to describe enacted or amended MHA in Taiwan. They are focusing on 2022 amendment to the MHA in Taiwan.

Results:

In Taiwan, the MHA with 52 articles was enacted in 1990, aiming at preventing and treating mental illnesses, safeguarding patient rights, promoting patient welfare, enhancing national mental health, as well as maintaining social harmony and tranquility. After several minor amendments, a significant revision took place in 2007. Since 2007, the focus of amendment to MHA was shifted from originally preventing and treating mental illnesses and protecting patient rights, to the addition of avoiding the stigmatization of mental illnesses. The goal of maintaining social harmony and tranquility was removed, but support and assistance for patients in community living were emphasized. The United Nations’ “Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” (CRPD), announced in 2006, serves as a crucial benchmark for the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities internationally. Taiwan’s implementation law for the CRPD was promulgated in 2014. According to the spirit of the CRPD, the 2022 Amendment to the MHA in Taiwan is intended to enhance the protection of the rights of patients with mental illnesses, to strengthen community support for patients, and to assist them in achieving equal living with others. The 2022 amended MHA in Taiwan comprises seven chapters and 91 articles, with key focuses on (a) promoting mental health, (b) establishing community mental health centers and diverse community support, (c) improving patient assistance and front-end prevention, strengthening patient reporting, and establishing crisis management mechanisms, (d) changing the approach to mandatory hospitalization treatment to involve judicial reservation, and (e) safeguarding patient rights, prioritizing criminal proceedings in cases of homicide and injury, and preventing stigmatization.

Conclusion:

The 2022 Amendment to the MHA in Taiwan is dedicated to more comprehensively caring for individuals with mental illnesses when concurrently safeguarding their rights, aligning with the modern societal emphasis on mental and physical health.
Psychometric Propensities of the Traditional Chinese Version of Gay Community Stress Scale-Cognition Subscale
Authors: Chou Wei-Po , Lin Chung-Ying , Yen Cheng-Fang
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

In this study, we intended to examine the psychometric propensities of the traditional Chinese version of the Gay Community Stress Scale-Cognition subscale (GCSS-C) for measuring gay community stress experienced by gay and bisexual men (GBM) in Taiwan.

Methods:

Totally 736 GBM participated in this study and completed the traditional Chinese version of the GCSS-C, the Measure of Internalized Sexual Stigma for Lesbians and Gay Men (MISS-LG), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Scale (STAI-S), and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).

Results:

In exploratory factor analysis, we found that a five-factor structure (i.e., Sex, Status, Competition, Exclusion, and Externals) for the 32-item traditional Chinese version of the GCSS-C among Taiwanese GBM had significantly positive correlations in validity with MISS-LG (p < 0.001), STAI-S (p < 0.001), and CES-D (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The traditional Chinese version of GCSS-C has been found to have satisfactory psychometric properties in this study.
The Association between Internet Addiction and Suicide Ideation: Comparison between Soldiers and College Students in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Hung-Yi , Tai Yueh-Ming
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

To explore the association between Internet addiction and suicide ideation, we introduced the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide as a potential model to understand Internet addiction and suicidality. In addition, we intended to identify differences between genders and between subgroups of soldier and student in this association.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional survey study of 661 participants, comprising military personnel (n = 399, 60.36%) and college students (n = 262, 39.64%). Several copies of anonymous questionnaire were used to assess variables, including Internet addiction, anxiety, depression, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, acquired capability for suicide, and suicide ideation.

Results:

We found that 18% of participants (119 out of 661) met the criteria for Internet addiction. Internet addiction was significantly associated with higher anxiety (p < 0.001), significantly more severe depression (p < 0.001), significantly more perceived burdensomeness (p < 0.001), and significantly more perceived suicidal ideation (p < 0.001). Significant differences in study participants existed in genders (p < 0.001) and between the soldier and student groups (p < 0.001). In regression analyses, we found general associations between specific facets of Internet addiction, for example, compulsive use, and components of the interpersonal theory and thwarted belongingness of suicide.

Conclusion:

Internet addiction is linked to worse mental health and suicidality. Understanding the connections between Internet addiction and models such as the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide can inform prevention and treatment approaches for vulnerable groups.
Effects of Rutaecarpine on Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Through Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-like Receptors and Inflammasomes
Authors: He Yong , Wang Xin , Chen Li-Sheng , Chang Lei , He Ting-Ting , Zhang Ao-Zhe , Li Hao-Tian , Wei Shi-Zhang , Jing Man-Yi , Zhao Yan-Ling
Published: March 2024

Objective:

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a complex and burdensome disease. However, side effects and compliance issues cannot be ignored due to the long treatment cycle. Numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of rutaecarpine (RUT) for treating digestive dysfunction. However, the potential mechanism of action of RUT in the context of CAG treatment remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of RUT in 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine-induced CAG using network pharmacology, metabolomics, and traditional pharmacological approaches.

Materials and Methods:

Pathological tests and ELISA assays were used to observe the therapeutic effects of RUT treatment on CAG. Differential metabolites were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and metabolism-related target genes were enriched. The same target genes were identified between RUT and CAG diseases. The intersectional target genes were uploaded to Cytoscape for enrichment, and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling pathway was selected to validate the mechanisms of the study. Finally, cell pyroptosis status was evaluated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, and the expressions of associated proteins of the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway were assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.

Results:

RUT alleviated gastric mucosal damage and significantly downregulated indicators associated with inflammation and gastric atrophy. A total of 29 intersection target genes was identified, and core pathways were obtained. The NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and pyroptosis status were selected to validate the mechanisms of RUT treatment in CAG rats. The expression of NOD-related proteins and downstream factors was downregulated in the RUT group.

Conclusions:

RUT exerts a pharmacological effect on relieving gastric damage in CAG rats by inhibiting NOD-like receptors and inflammasomes.
Evaluation of Voltage Profile in ETAP (Electric Transient And Analysis Program) at Ahuru Feeder 20 kV Medium Voltage Distriution
Authors: A. F. Haurissa Marceau , Jamlaay Marselin , Parera Lory M.
Published: March 2024

Ahuru feeder is the feeder with the longest network of all Ambon city distribution networks. So it is predicted that losses will occur in the network because the longer the distribution channel, the greater the voltage drop. Voltage drops in the network cause energy losses (losses) which need to be evaluated and anticipated whether they occur within normal and reasonable limits. So in this research an evaluation of the voltage profile of the Ahuru feeder was carried out using the power flow analysis method using ETAP 12.6.0 software. Based on the simulation results, under installed load conditions, there is a voltage drop below the PLN standard on the BusL-ERIE3 line of 18.99kV or 95% up to the end of the BusL-WAYOMAR series network of 18.907kV or 94.5% of the nominal voltage of 20 kV. Meanwhile, the base, middle and end line voltage profiles are based on simulation results, the installed load conditions produce a base voltage level of 19.77kV with a voltage drop of 1.2%, the middle of the line 19.09kV with a voltage drop of 3.3% and the end of the line 18.907kV with a voltage fell by 4.3%. Repairing the line voltage profile using capacitor banks on lines and buses that experience voltage drops, namely on BusL-ERIE3 of 2x400 kVAR, is able to improve the voltage profile at the base of the line by 19.804kV or 99%, the middle of the line 19.24kV or 96.2% and the end 19,074kV line or 95.4%.
An Evaluation by the Class Teachers Instructing the Religious Culture and Ethics Course in Primary Schools of the Teaching and Learning Process
Authors: Ürgün Süreyya , Güven Sevim
Published: March 2024

Values instilled in students during the primary school years have a lasting impact on their lives. Among the values that should be taught are religion and ethics, imparted first by families. However, they are taught through the Religious Culture and Ethics (RCE) course during the school years. In the formal educational institutions of our country, RCE education starts in the fourth-grade class of primary school. At schools without subject teachers, the RCE course, scheduled as two hours per week in primary schools, is delivered by class teachers. Based on this situation, the research sought to determine the class teachers' evaluations of the RCE course they teach in primary schools. The research was designed using a phenomenological approach. The research's study group consisted of 30 participants determined by criterion sampling among class teachers working at state schools in Ağrı province and instructing the RCE course in the 2022-2023 academic year. The data were obtained through the structured face-to-face interview, one of the qualitative data collection methods, and analyzed through content analysis. According to the research findings, the participants concurred that the teachers teaching the RCE course should possess pedagogical content and basic religious knowledge. Another finding was that it is essential to use applications and technology to make the RCE course more efficient. It was also found that fourth-grade students struggle to comprehend some abstract religious concepts as they are in the concrete operational period. Moreover, the textbook is insufficient and needs to be simplified in content and language. Consequently, it was discovered that the class teachers instructing this course encountered a number of challenges, yet they had recommendations for enhancing the teaching process.
Analysis of Middle School Mathematics Teachers' Evaluations of Skill-Based Questions within the Framework of Mathematical Competencies
Authors: Bozkuş Çiğdem , Özgeldi Meriç
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the solution methods developed by middle school mathematics teachers for skill-based mathematics questions and their evaluations within the framework of mathematical competencies. Mathematical competency demands are defined as communication, devising strategy, mathematizing, representation, using symbols, operations and formal language, and reasoning and argument. Thirteen middle school mathematics teachers (7 female, 6 male) participated voluntarily in the study. They were asked to solve twelve skill-based questions, followed by the examination of their solutions, and then semi-structured interviews were conducted with each of them. During the interviews, the teachers were presented with semi-structured questions, and their evaluations were examined within the scope of mathematical competencies. The study results indicated that teachers apply different solutions in solving the questions and that mathematical competencies emerge at different levels within these solutions. Considering the determined levels of solutions, other competencies, except for communication competency, appeared to be at similar levels based on teachers' evaluations. The competency of using symbols, operations, and formal language stood out as an essential factor in selecting among strategies. It was found that teachers could create appropriate models according to the level of demand for mathematizing competency, yet they did not evaluate the structural relationships between variables within the scope of mathematizing competency. Regarding representation competency, the most striking point was that the majority of teachers identified and used visual information. However, only a few teachers were successful in manipulating representations in a solution-appropriate manner. It was also discovered that as the demand level increases in using symbols, operations, and formal language competency, the increase in the number, type, and procedures of operations used is not always correct with these solution methods. Teachers could not identify the mathematical deductions utilized in the solution process. The majority addressed them at a lower demand level in their evaluations.
PERINATAL AUTOPSY AND PLACENTAL EXAMINATION AN IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION TO DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP AFTER A FETAL LOSS
Authors: Osterheld Maria-Chiara
Published: March 2024

Fetopathology is the study of fetal deaths or eventually developmental anomalies occurring during early or late pregnancy.  The major objectives of the fetal or perinatal autopsy are to evaluate gestational age, document growth and development, detect congenital abnormalities, analyze clinical diagnosis and treatment and determine the cause of death and possible recurrence risk. It must be associated to the analysis of the placenta to respond to questions concerning the cause of death or risks of recurrence in a subsequent pregnancy. The analysis follows a well-developped protocol and the results have to be interpreted by a multidisciplinary group including the obstetrician, the genetist, the neonatologist and the pathologist.
POVREDE GLAVE U DEČIJEM UZRASTU
Authors: Raičević Mirjana , Mrdak Milan , Radovanović Maša , Pantić Dragana
Published: March 2024

Značajan uzrok  invaliditeta i smrti u dečjem uzrastu  čine  povrede glave. Studije pokazuju da prosečna incidenca klinički značajnih povreda glave u dečjem uzrastu iznosi 185 na 100000 dece, pri čemu incidenca opada sa uzrastom. Dečaci se povređuju  oko dva puta češće od devojčica. Mehanizam povređivanja je različit. Istraživanja su pokazala da uzrast deteta igra značajnu ulogu u patofiziologiji i ishodu neurotraume kod dece. Kod prenatalnih povreda najčešći uzroci su oni koji dovode do produženog pritiska na glavu u porođajnom kanalu kao što su karlična prezentacija ploda, cefalopelvična disproporcija, produžen porođaj ili korišćenje forcepsa ili vacuum ekstraktora prilikom porođaja. U periodu novorođenčeta i odojčeda pored padova (iz kreveca, stola za prepovijanje,  „nosiljke“, kolica , iz naručja...) "abusive head trauma"  je značajan je  neurotraume. U predškolskom uzrastu padovi čine najčešći mehanizam nastanka povrede glave, dok su padovi i saobraćajne nesreće zajednički uzroci nastanka neurotraume kod dece između 4 i 14 godina. Dominantan uzrok povređivanja glave kod dece starosti 14 do 18 godina je saobraćajni traumatizam. Neurotrauma obuhvata kontuziju glave, komociju mozga i kontuziju mozga. Prelomi lobanje se dele na prelome svoda i prelome baze.  Najčešće se radi o prostim, linearnim prelomima koji su u oko 30% asimptomatski. Težina neurotraume je pre svega uslovljena krvarenjem i povredom mozga. Za procenu težine povrede glave  najčešće se koristi  „Glasgow „ coma scala (GCS). Svrha početne procene stanja povređenog je od izuzetne važnosti. Definisanje  vrste i težine povrede glave daje smernice za  izbor početnih terapija kao i planiranje i koordinaciju drugih dijagnostičkih i terapijskih postupaka.
Adoption and Adaptation of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Organizations: Actions for Efficient and Responsible Use in Interaction with Collaborators
Authors:   Tecnológico Nacional de México – TES de Coacalco, México, Hernández Noé Chávez
Published: March 2024

The aim of this work was to determine the actions needed to adopt and adapt Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) for efficient and responsible use in the organization, without affecting the contribution of the collaborator to his/her work activities. A bibliographic review of the scientific literature and information published by consulting companies on the current development of research related to GenAI and its impact on organizations was carried out. Artificial intelligence search tools, academic search engines were used, and criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of publications were established. As a result, necessary actions were identified for the adoption, adaptation, efficient and responsible use, and interaction of GenAI with employees in their work environment. These actions include the adjustment of processes, infrastructure, and resources; capacity-building for integration and a culture of innovation, protocol development, staff training, creation of flexible and supportive working environments, collaboration with regulators, transformation of work; and alignment of staff management practices. It was concluded that GenAI is having a major impact on organizations by automating processes and increasing productivity and efficiency. It is essential to address actions in three categories: staff training, fostering a culture of innovation, ethics, and accountability in the use of this technology, and its efficient adoption and adaptation without affecting the contribution of employees. This research helps to identify the elements needed to deepen research development and define, in real contexts, the effectiveness of the adoption and efficient adaptation of GenAI in internal processes and interaction with collaborators, with the aim of promoting best practices that generate value through its use.
Classroom Management and Teaching Competencies of Elementary Teachers
Authors:   Southern de Oro Philippines College, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, D. Granada Grendelyn , M. Oco Richard ,   Southern de Oro Philippines College, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
Published: March 2024

Teachers are the most essential persons for the teaching and learning processes to take place in schools. Specifically, this study sought to determine the level of the teachers in classroom management in terms of behavior reduction, classroom instruction, proactive classroom, and rules and procedures; find out the level of the teachers in teaching competencies in terms of communication and interpersonal skills, organization and planning, facilitation and engagement, and flexibility and adaptability; and determine the significant relationship between classroom management and teaching competencies. The respondents were one hundred fifty (150) elementary teachers in eighteen (12) schools within the Talisayan district. This study used two adapted research instruments and data were gathered using descriptive-correlational research methods. The statistical tools utilized in this study were the Weighted Mean and Standard Deviation and Pearson Product Moment Coefficient Correlation the relationship between the Teachers’ Classroom Management and Teaching Competencies. The results showed that teachers at all times practiced managing classroom management effectively with the aid of their teaching competencies at a very high level. Teachers’ classroom management has positively correlated to teachers’ teaching competencies. The relationship of classroom management and teaching competencies cannot be denied. Therefore, it must be given due importance and attention for better teacher performance as well as pupils performance.
MICROHISTORICAL STUDIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF RESIDENTS OF THE SAIRAM REGION
Authors: Tashtanov Zhanabek , Zhanbolatov Sattar
Published: March 2024

In the article, the microhistory of Sairam district is recognized from a new angle, taking as an example. At the same time, an overview of the development of the direction of microhistory is given, giving an understanding of the concept of microhistory. In this context, the views of Italian scientists K. Poni, E. Grandi, J. Levy on the formation of microhistory were analyzed. Researchers of Kazakhstan Abdrakhmanova K.K., Bisembayeva L.A. and other collective studies are reviewed by the method of microhistory. In the course of the article, a general description of Sairam's life at the beginning of the last century was given. In this context, the researches of historian-professor S. Zholdasov were put forward. Famous scientist J. Levi's questions from his sources, starting from demographic indicators, family structures and relations, land-related operations, the demographic situation and population composition, tribal composition, land-related relations in Sairam district were comparatively noted. Due to the lack of tax standards in the land tax policy of the Soviet government in Sairam, there was a mass protest of small people, that is, peasants. As a result, riots and even rampage took place. In the article, as an archival source, the information of the Turkestan department of the "Imperial Russian-Geographical Society" about the population list and composition of the population of Shymkent uyezd in 1922 is given. Opinions were also raised about the names of Karabulak and Mankent settlements in Sairam district. Analyzes were also made on how the different ethnic groups who lived in these settlements tried to distinguish themselves and preserve their peculiarities. A comparative evaluation of the speech style of Karabulak and Mankent Uzbek ethnic groups compared to Tashkent Uzbeks and their sound phonemes is given.
Ә.МҰҚТАР ЕҢБЕКТЕРІНДЕГІ ӨЛКЕ ТАРИХЫНЫҢ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Бердыгужин Лескалий , Алипова Дана
Published: March 2024

Мақалада тарих ғылымдарының докторы, профессор Ә.Мұқтардың өлке тарихына арналған еңбектері сараланады. Қоғамдық ғылым салаларындағы жаңаша өзгерістер, соны қадамдар жасаған жекелеген қайраткерлер мен жарқын тұлғалардың орыны мен қосқан үлесін саралау, олардың еңбектеріне тиісті баға беру – маңызды міндеттердің бірі. Осы бағытта халқымыздың тарихына терең зерттеулер жүргізіп, келелі тұжырымдар айтатын тарихшы ғалымдар туралы зерттеу жүргізу абройлы іс екені анық. Қазақстанның батыс өңірі тарихын, Каспий мен Жайық бойының шежіресін ғылыми саралап жүрген өлкетанушы ғалымдар арасында, тарих ғылымдарының докторы, профессор Әбілсейіт Қапизұлы Мұқтар еңбектерінің ғылыми танымдық салмағы қомақты. Атырау өңірінде өзінің тарих мектебін қалыптастырып, республика деңгейінде күрделі зерттеулер жүргізіп «Сарайшық» тарихи мәдени музей қорығын білікті мамандармен қамтуда да біршама істер атқарды. Қазақстанның көне астанасын кешенді зерттеу ісінде де алда болып, шетелдік және отандық ғылыми басылымдарда еңбектері жарияланды. Қазақстан тарих ғылымына белгілі тұлға Ә.Мұқтар шығармашылығын, ғылыми еңбектерін жеке тұлға ретінде зерттеп тану дегеніміз – өлке тарихын ғылыми тұрғыдан терең қарастырып баяндау, тұжырымдап баға беру және тарих ғылымындағы «Ұрпақтар сабақтастығын» ғылыми пайымдау.
STRATEGIC AUDIT AS A FOUNDATION FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL RESOURCES
Authors: Башу Замира
Published: March 2024

In contemporary conditions, strategic audit becomes not merely a tool, but a necessary prerequisite for effective management of national resources. This article is dedicated to exploring the role of strategic audit in optimizing the management of national resources. The aim of the research is to assess the impact of strategic audit on the effectiveness of management processes in the context of Kazakhstan's national resources. The main materials and methods of the study included the analysis of normative legal documents, statistical data, methods of economic analysis and comparison, as well as the case-study method.
The study identified key problems and shortcomings in the existing system of national resource management, including resource dissipation and a mismatch between planning and actual needs. It is noted that strategic audit contributes to increased transparency, accountability, and efficiency in resource management, and provides an adequate assessment of the implementation of strategic plans and programs.
This study has both practical and theoretical significance. The theoretical significance is reflected in the expansion of understanding of the essence and functions of the state strategic audit in the modern world. The practical significance of this study is manifested in the fact that the results of the study can be further applied in improving the management system of national resources, including through reforming and optimizing planning and monitoring processes in the public sector.
Role of Proactive Forensic Audit in Safeguarding Assets of an Organisation
Authors: Kagombora Emerita , Mbogo Crispin John
Published: March 2024

This study examines the role of proactive forensic audit in safeguarding assets of an organisation. Specifically, the study aimed to investigate the existence of qualified forensic auditors who safeguard assets, examine the existence of an automated proactive search for fraud indicators as a tool of safeguarding assets and to evaluate the integrity of the forensic auditors in Tanzania Revenue Authority, Kariakoo offices. The study collected data using questionnaires which were distributed to 144 respondents; among them were tax management officers, human resource officers, legal councils, ICT officers, accountants and auditors. The data were organized and analysed in SPSS. The study applied case study research design with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Findings of the study indicate that there is a shortage of qualified forensic auditors in TRA Kariakoo offices. The process of implementing the automated proactive search for fraud indicator is average. TRA Kariakoo examines its employees’ integrity on a regular basis. This study suggests to TRA Kariakoo to facilitate training to its employee in forensic audit skills. To tackle the challenge of automated search for proactive fraud indicators, TRA Kariakoo could adopt and make improvements in forensic audit tools, adopt new ones, create awareness to employees on these tools and to have continuous assessments of all employees.
REFLETINDO SOBRE O ENSINO TRADICIONAL: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Rossi Mayara , Bueno Felipe Alessandro , Ribeiro de Sousa Elenice , Aparecida Lemes Gomes Kelia , Dias Amorim Juscilene , Freitas Cordeiro Luzia , Rodrigues da Silva Marli , Aparecida de França Roseli , De Fátima Brandt da Silva Terezinha , Batista Weis Vagner
Published: March 2024

O objetivo da presente pesquisa é trazer uma reflexão a respeito do ensino tradicional, fazendo uma crítica a ele e propor mudanças na maneira de ensinar no século XXI. Para isso, adotou-se como método a pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo revisão narrativa, e sua abordagem se classifica como qualitativa. O processo de escolha dos trabalhos que subsidiaram essa investigação foi realizado de maneira subjetiva, de acordo com os interesses dos pesquisadores, logo os resultados foram analisados conforme suas compreensões e interpretações. Em síntese, por meio de obras da literatura de autores como Freire, Dewey, Perrenoud e outros e de trabalhos científicos já publicados, pode-se discutir e refletir a respeito da educação tradicional, onde pode-se afirmar que ela é ultrapassada para os estudantes da atualidade. Ultrapassada porque os estudantes não conseguem mais ficar sentados, quietos e ouvindo o professor falar como antes, eles necessitam interagir, por isso defende-se uma aprendizagem ativa, em que o estudante participe como agente na construção do seu conhecimento e não fique mais apenas ouvindo o professor expor os conteúdos. Além disso, o mundo está em constante transformação o que impõe desafios frequentes, e assim, o estudante precisa se preparar para essa realidade, saber resolver problemas, refletir, ser autônomo e crítico perante a sociedade. Enfim, este trabalho é um convite para refletir a respeito dessa maneira de ensinar, a pedagogia tradicional.
التعليم اإللكتروني وأثره على الكفاءة األكاديمية لطلبة الدمج
Authors: جريس حداد نائلة
Published: March 2024

التعليم اإللكتروني وأثره على الكفاءة األكاديمية لطلبة الدمج
PANDEMIC POETRY AND SURVIVOR COMPLEX IN REMI RAJI’S WANDERER CANTOS (2021)
Authors: Afolayan Kayode , Abayomi Deborah Olutimi
Published: March 2024

Historical occurrences have always been one of the sources that critics have linked with the inspiration and composition of literary writings. Like their other counterparts in the world, Nigerian artists have been inspired immensely by historical occurrences which are sourced from oral history or tangible experiences of the nation and the world. The experiences that have been mirrored in global art, however, had remained localised until the outbreak of the coronavirus plague in 2019. For the first time after a long time, historical experiences coincide in literary writings across the world on account of the covid-19 surge. This paper takes a critical look at Remi Raji’s latest poetry collection, Wanderer Cantos (2021), with a particular focus on his covid-19 section - “Coronavirus Cantos and Monologues: My Life in the Bush of Impossible Virus”. The inquiry into Remi Raji, regarded as a third generation Nigeria poet, engages with the evolutionary trends in modern Nigerian poetry After noting that Remi Raji’s covid-19 compositions are different from others because of his personal experience as a victim of the virus, the paper points out how the poet has used his encounter to meditate on the social trauma that beclouded his space and the world during the lockdown. The aggregation of the personal, domestic and universal experiences mirrored by the poet in the isolated verses, leads to a conclusion that emphasises common humanity as the thrust of Remi Raji’s covid-19 intervention but also exposes to re-interrogation settled theorising such as the postcolonial.
Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Discourse on Omicron Vaccination in the USA Using VADER and BERT
Authors: Marrapu Satvika , Senn Willam , Prybutok Victor
Published: March 2024

Amid the rapidly evolving discussions surrounding the Omicron vaccination, this research leverages data from Twitter, focusing on the USA, from March 2022 to March 2023. Harnessing the capability of the snscrape Python library, a comprehensive dataset of tweets was collated and subsequently subjected to rigorous sentiment analysis techniques. Two primary methodologies were adopted: The Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER) and the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model. The data underwent preprocessing, which included the removal of URLs, HTML tags, mentions, and stop words. Using VADER, the tweets were initially labeled, forming the foundational layer for training the BERT model. Following tokenization, data batching, and model construction, the BERT model was trained and subsequently evaluated. Results illuminated a multifaceted landscape of emotions in discussions related to the Omicron vaccination during the study period. Furthermore, a discernible relationship was identified, highlighting the emotional flux in vaccine-related Twitter dialogues throughout the Omicron period. This study provides valuable insights into public sentiment during a crucial juncture of the pandemic and underscores the potential of contemporary NLP tools in gauging public opinion.
 
Received: 9 January 2024 | Revised: 12 March 2024 | Accepted: 28 March 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Satvika Marrapu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. William Senn: Conceptualization, Validation, Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Project administration. Victor Prybutok: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing - review & editing, Supervision.
A complexidade da antracnose no feijão aspectos relevantes da resistência genética e genômica
Authors: Frank Mendes Cabral James , Cassaro Sabrina , Marcos Chimello Antônio , Guimarães de Favare Lilian , Bezerra de Araújo Maria do Socorro , Araújo Kelly Lana , Grillo Neves Leonarda
Published: March 2024

A complexidade da antracnose e a estrutura populacional dos feijões apresentam desafios contínuos na pesquisa genética. A antracnose, uma doença devastadora que afeta o feijão comum, é desafiadora devido à variabilidade genética do patógeno, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. A identificação de genes de resistência a doença tem sido desafiadora devido à natureza poligênica dessa característica. No entanto, avanços notáveis na pesquisa genética estão moldando o cenário atual. A pesquisa genômica e o uso de marcadores moleculares, desempenharam um papel fundamental na busca por resistência à antracnose. Técnicas avançadas de associação genômica e sua aplicação no estudo da resistência à antracnose são discutidas. Esses avanços estão acelerando o processo de melhoramento genético, impulsionando o desenvolvimento de cultivares de feijão mais resistentes e produtivas, e contribuindo para a segurança alimentar global. Este trabalho enfatiza a importância da pesquisa genética na busca por soluções duradouras para a antracnose, permitindo a identificação de novas fontes de resistência e uma compreensão das complexas interações genéticas envolvidas, oferecendo insights valiosos para o melhoramento genético de plantas e a produção sustentável de feijões em todo o mundo.