bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Adherence to Treatment Regimens among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Al atawi Amnah A. , Alaamri Marym M.
Published: May 2022

Context: End-stage renal disease is characterized by a progressive and permanent impairment of the kidney's functions. Hemodialysis is the most common treatment. Patient adherence to strictly prescribed regimens is critical to treatment success. Social support is a critical factor in many chronic diseases, including ESRD.

Aim: This review aimed to identify the extent of current evidence regarding the adherence to treatment regimens and its associated factors among hemodialysis patients, as well as the relationship between perceived social support and adherence to treatment regimens among these patients.

Methods: A scoping review was completed using four databases included MEDLINE, CINHALE, ProQuest, and PubMed, for related articles between 2010 to mid-2021. After extensive review, 22 studies were found eligible according to applied inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: Variances in patients' adherence levels range from 23% to 98%. When researchers examined the relationship between sociodemographic, psychological, and clinical characteristics with adherence, different or non-significant associations appeared between various factors and adherence. Social support frequently showed either a positive or no significant correlation with adherence.

Conclusion: This study's findings may help nurses boost the factors related to social support that contribute to successful functioning and consequent improvement in patient adherence.
An Arboriculture Treatment of Biochar, Fertilization, and Tillage Improves Soil Organic Matter and Tree Growth in a Suburban Street Tree Landscape in Bolingbrook, Illinois, USA
Authors: Scharenbroch Bryant , Fite Kelby , Catania Michelle
Published: May 2022

Background: Urban tree growth may be reduced due to poor urban soil conditions. Soil management to alleviate poor urban soil conditions often includes organic amendments, fertilization, and/or tillage. A 3-year experiment was conducted in an urban landscape in Bolingbrook, Illinois, USA, to test whether an arboriculture treatment with biochar, fertilization, and tillage could improve soil quality and tree growth. Methods: The urban landscape included 75 street trees (Gleditsia triacanthos, Ulmus parvifolia, and Acer rubrum) growing in compacted, fine-textured soils. Results: The results of this experiment suggest that the arboricultural treatment of biochar, fertilization, and tillage (BFT) may improve soil quality and urban tree growth. Relative height growth was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) for Acer rubrum trees with BFT treatment (+ 28.9%) compared to tillage alone (+ 13.3%). Total soil organic matter (SOM), particulate soil organic matter (POM), and a soil quality index (SQI) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater in the BFT treatment (total SOM = 6.00%, POM = 9.73%, and SQI = 70.2) compared to the tillage treatment (total SOM = 5.29%, POM = 7.23%, and SQI = 60.8). The SOM responses to the BFT treatment appear to be relatively short-lived but correlated with measures of tree growth. Conclusion: This arboricultural treatment of biochar, fertilization, and tillage has potential to be used to improve soil quality and promote growth for trees growing in compacted, fine-textured soils in suburban street tree landscapes.
Formación del profesorado universitario sobre evaluación educativa en enseñanza a distancia
Authors: Lucas-Barcia Elisa , Alonso-de-Mena Elena , Martínez-Álvarez Isabel , García-Barrera Alba
Published: May 2022

El estado de alarma derivado de la COVID-19 supuso para la mayoría de países un salto precipitado hacia la virtualización de sus enseñanzas, careciendo de tiempo suficiente para realizar una valoración más pausada del contexto y de la metodología que se debía emplear. Este hecho produjo lo que algunos autores han denominado «enseñanza remota de emergencia», enfatizando la diferencia entre la enseñanza online tradicional y la derivada del estado de alarma, que en muchos casos supuso una mera trasposición de las clases presenciales a un entorno virtual. Ello puso de manifiesto las carencias formativas que la mayoría de docentes (hombres y mujeres) tienen sobre la pedagogía de la evaluación a distancia, siendo precisamente esta uno de los aspectos que más ha preocupado a la comunidad educativa por considerarse, ya por sí misma, un reto complejo al que enfrentarse. Por esta razón, el presente trabajo pretende, en primer lugar, poner de manifiesto algunos de los retos que implica la evaluación educativa en los entornos online y las necesidades que en este sentido percibe el profesorado universitario, valorándolas además en un estudio exploratorio. Adicionalmente, dicho estudio pretende conocer su percepción acerca del proceso evaluativo en dicha etapa, analizar el conocimiento y uso que hace de la evaluación en Moodle y explorar su interés en ampliar su formación sobre dicha cuestión.
POTENCIALIDADES GERENCIAIS DO MÉTODO UEP (UNIDADE DE ESFORÇO DE PRODUÇÃO)
Authors: Zanin Antonio , Macro Cristian Baú Dal , Levant Yves , Afonso Paulo Sérgio Lima Pereira
Published: May 2022

O método UEP (Unidade de Esforço de Produção) tem como premissa a unificação da produção, utilizando medidas de equivalência entre os produtos para compará-los. Portanto, além de ser utilizado para custear os produtos, serve como ferramenta adicional na geração de informações que subsidiam a gestão de custos. O objetivo da pesquisa é identificar as potencialidades gerenciais obtidas com uso do método UEP. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com análise qualitativa e quantitativa. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio do método Delphi, junto a pesquisadores, consultores e contadores que dominam os conceitos e a aplicação prática dos Métodos de Equivalência, totalizando 15 respondentes. As respostas obtidas na primeira rodada do método Delphi foram utilizadas para cálculo de diversas medidas de tendência central, particularmente, a amplitude interquartil para apurar o nível de consenso das respostas. Na segunda rodada, consideraram-se apenas as questões em que as respostas não apresentaram consenso, além do incremento de novas questões sugeridas pelos respondentes, na primeira rodada. Os resultados apontam que o método UEP é de fácil implementação e não depende exclusivamente de grandes investimentos em software e hardware. Além disso, sugere-se que o método não é exclusivo para uso no custeio dos produtos, sendo uma ferramenta bastante útil nas decisões gerenciais e estratégicas.
Counterfactuality and the Physical Reality: lessons from quantum mechanics
Authors: Corrêa Nicholas Kluge
Published: May 2022

Neste ensaio, eu vou apresentar um exemplo de fenômeno físico contrafactual. Mais precisamente, definição contrafactual e medições livres de interação em mecânica quântica. O exemplo usado será o experimento de teste de bombas Elitzur-Vaidman, que mostra como podemos sondar as propriedades dos objetos, mesmo quando não foram medidos, por exemplo, medições contrafactuais. Esse tipo de fenômeno físico parece operar pelas mesmas leis de causalidade que o raciocínio contrafactual na tomada de decisões. Afinal, como algo que não acontece pode afetar o mundo real? Sugiro que algumas ferramentas matemáticas usadas na mecânica quântica podem ser de interesse para aqueles que desejam modelar melhor as possibilidades contrafactuais no processo de decisão ou filósofos interessados em entender melhor as implicações metafísicas da mecânica quântica.
A concepção de racionalidade científica no pensamento de Susan Haack
Authors: Dias Elizabeth De Assis
Published: May 2022

Susan Haack tem como pretensão, em seus escritos, propor uma nova concepção de racionalidade cientifica que retrate a natureza da ciência e o seu modo de proceder.  Neste sentido, sua intenção é superar certos impasses provenientes de duas posições, que considera como extremas, o “antigo deferencialismo” e o “novo cinismo”. Essas concepções têm em comum um mesmo modelo de racionalidade, que assimila o racional ao lógico. A primeira, o defende e a segunda procura negá-lo, ao dar ênfase aos aspectos históricos e sociais que condicionam a prática cientifica. Este trabalho tem por objetivo esclarecer o que a abordagem da filósofa trás de novo acerca de tal questão e em que medida procura superar os impasses das duas concepções, alvos de suas críticas. Iremos mostrar que ela defende uma concepção de racionalidade científica que se circunscreve nos limites do razoável, sem negar a dimensão social da ciência.
Sobre o aspecto Ontológico da Precariedade na obra Quadros De Guerra
Authors: Sial Neto Albérico Araújo , Negreiros Emílio De Britto
Published: May 2022

O presente trabalho visa perquirir o aspecto ontológico da precariedade em Quadros de Guerra, à luz do significado que Judith Butler atribui à ontologia. De certa maneira, Butler não atribui à ontologia denotações a priori. Desse modo, apesar da noção de ontologia parecer contrária às posições pós-estruturalistas assumidas pela filósofa, será explicitado que não há o menor indício de contradição para com as assertivas pós-estruturalistas. Assim, ao atentar para o aspecto ontológico da precariedade, percebendo-o como uma importante ferramenta de argumentação para a pensadora, pretende-se estabelecer os Quadros de Guerra como obra dotada de importância conceitual e filosófica, uma vez que integra vários temas da filosofia, a saber: epistemologia, ética e ontologia.
Prazer e cólera na representação de Afrodite na tragédia
Authors: Souza Jovelina Maria Ramos de
Published: May 2022

A proposta é pensar a representação de Afrodite, no prólogo da tragédia Hipólito de Eurípides, observando como o poder emanado pela divindade Cípria, traz dor e sofrimento. No debate que pretendo estabelecer, mostrarei como a cólera e o prazer, se encontram associados no seu projeto de vingança, contra o jovem que repudia as paixões e o casamento. O recorte que pretendo, envolve analisar o efeito do Eros nefasto de Cípris em Fedra, e sua potencialidade de atrair desgraças e abalar os sensos. O estudo apresentado, toma como referência teórica para tratar das noções de prazer e cólera, por um lado, a primeira definição de prazer no Filebo e a de cólera na estrutura tripartite do psiquismo em República IX, e por outro, a definição de cólera em Retórica II e a de prazer em Ética a Nicômaco.
Tolerância: ponderações sobre a interface entre a ética e a educação para o conviver com o outro
Authors: Costa Valcicléia Pereira da
Published: May 2022

A tolerância consta direta ou indiretamente nas obras dos filósofos deste a Antiguidade, primeiro nas reflexões de outras temáticas éticas, com exemplos de situações qualificadas como intolerantes, depois, a partir do século XVII, como tema principal de obras como Cartas sobre a tolerância, de John Locke, e Tratado sobre a tolerância, de Voltaire, em que os autores a problematizam em seus aspectos religiosos e políticos, e apresentam contextos que conduziram às escolhas e às práticas intolerantes, causa de inúmeros sofrimentos humanos. Este texto pondera sobre os vários aspectos da tolerância utilizando como fio condutor quatro questões norteadoras: o que significa tolerância e tolerar o outro? em que momento a tolerância foi tratada como problema filosófico? qual a relação da tolerância com a ética e a educação? como a tolerância é apreciada nas diretrizes dos organismos internacionais?
O problema das Alternativas Não Concebidas é eficaz contra a defesa abdutiva do realismo científico?
Authors: Esteves Renan Soares , Rodrigues Luís Filipe Estevinha
Published: May 2022

O debate acerca do realismo científico trata da relação entre as nossas melhores teorias científicas e o mundo. Nesse debate, o que está em discussão é, sobretudo, se existe uma razão para acreditarmos que as partes de nossas teorias científicas que tratam de fenômenos e entidades inobserváveis se referem, ainda que de modo aproximado, a fenômenos e entidades reais. Diante disso, os realistas defendem a tese de que nossas melhores teorias científicas são aproximadamente verdadeiras. Em 1975, o filósofo Hilary Putnam propôs um argumento a favor do realismo científico, considerando que o realismo “(…) é a única filosofia que não faz do sucesso da ciência um milagre.”  (PUTNAM, 1975, p. 73). Esse argumento ficou conhecido como o Argumento do  Milagre, sendo parte da estratégia chamada de defesa abdutiva do realismo científico. Em seu livro Exceeding our grasp (2006), Kyle Stanford desenvolve o que considera como um novo desafio a essa estratégia de defesa realista. O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em analisar se essa objeção de Stanford é plausível contra a defesa  abdutiva do realismo científico.
A inescrutabilidade da referência e a relatividade ontológica de Quine permitem a defesa do conhecimento científico?
Authors: Rodrigues Luís Filipe Estevinha , Moreira Jorge Henrique Lima
Published: May 2022

A discussão aqui delineada objetiva discutir acerca da possibilidade em estabelecer que as teorias científicas são bem-sucedidas ou não a partir da teoria filosófica de Quine. Os pressupostos internos ao pensamento do autor são suas concepções da inescrutabilidade da referência e da relatividade ontológica. Afinal, como se pode estabelecer conhecimento quando os elementos básicos são tão indeterminados? Por outro lado, os pressupostos externos a seu pensamento são as teorias clássicas, como o empirismo do Círculo de Viena e o fundacionalismo. O empirismo do Círculo de Viena alicerça-se em bases verificacionistas, tendo como elemento central a evidência empírica. Já o fundacionalismo, ancora-se principalmente, na exigência cartesiana de certeza, uma demanda que busca responder às exigências para se alcançar o conhecimento enquanto realidade indubitável imanente ao sujeito. Quine é um herdeiro dessas discussões. A questão fundamental que nos ocupará aqui será mostrar como o filósofo estabelece uma teoria que parte do inegável sucesso das previsões científicas, assumindo, no entanto, pressupostos de indeterminação linguística e epistêmica.
The World Economic and Financial Crisis Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Impact on Accounting Information System
Authors: Koleva Blagica , Mitreva Mila
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures related to its suppression had serious economic consequences in the world with the onset of the global recession. Therefore, the modern market environment was characterized by significant business instability. More specifically, in N. Macedonia, most of the companies in almost all sectors have recorded declining revenues and liquidity. The turbulence is primarily reflected in the constant market changes, the increasing technological advances and the increasing demands placed on modern business entities. The mentioned market trends require fast reaction by business entities and high flexibility. The adoption of appropriate business decisions should, above all, ensure the elimination of all major market risks, as well as the appropriate adjustment to the modern market environment. Such business decisions should be based on reliable and quality accounting information arising from the accounting information system. Properly set up accounting and information system is a good starting point for providing relevant information, which is necessary for making adequate business decisions and eliminating the dangers and risks that come with intensive market changes, as well as eliminating misconceptions. These dangers are especially manifested during the crisis caused by Covid-19, which consequently led to the collapse of the financial systems of many countries, which of course left long-term negative consequences for businesses that are the main users of the products of the financial system.
The immediate effect of thoraco-lumbar spinal manipulation compared to lower lumbar spinal manipulation on core muscle endurance and activity in patients with mechanical low back pain
Authors:   , Murray Stuart M.
Published: May 2022

Through the literature review it has become apparent that low back pain is a very real problem in most societies. It has been suggested that there is enough evidence to prove the relationship between low back pain and local muscle dysfunction and that focus in management of these patients should be the rehabilitation of these muscles by exercise. Literature suggests that optimal core muscle strength, control and endurance working synergistically with the rest of the neuromusculoskeletal system is necessary for lumbar spine stability . Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition is caused by distension and/or damage of a joint and is thought to disable the muscle from contracting all its muscle fibres. When a joint is injured it is thought that AMI causes muscle weakness, which in turn hampers the rehabilitation process of that joint despite complete muscle integrity. Spinal manipulative therapy has been shown to alter the excitability of spinal muscle motor neurons due to the stimulation of mechanoreceptors in the joint capsules suggesting that SMT could be a means to remove this inhibitory action. The literature supports the hypothesis that a decrease in the neurological deficit caused by AMI may result in a faster recovery rate. Aims The aim of this study is to determine the immediate effect of thoraco-lumbar spinal manipulation compared to lower lumbar spinal manipulation on core muscle endurance and activity in patients with mechanical low back pain by assessing the correlation between the objective and subjective measures. Method A prospective, convenience sample with purpose allocation (pre /post) clinical trial was used as the sampling method. Thirty participants where placed in two groups, group one and group two, of fifteen people each. Group one underwent spinal v manipulative therapy between L4 and S1 spinal levels. Group two underwent spinal manipulative therapy in between T8 and L1 spinal levels. The objective and subjective testing was done pre- and post-intervention. The objective data was that of a surface EMG attached bilaterally over the internal oblique as well as a prone abdominal draw in biofeedback test. The subjective data included a pain numerical rating scale (0-100). Results The results showed to partially favour group two (thoraco-lumbar), in both increased endurance time that would prove that AMI does in fact inhibit the transversus abdominis and obliques internus, thus it would hinder the rehabilitative process. Some of the statistics where not in favour of the aims, as there was no difference in the effect of group one or two on the NRS, as both improved consistently. It would be recommended that use be made of fine-wire EMG for testing the activity in both the obliques internus and the transversus abdominis, which would allow for more consistent readings, thus adding strength to the research.
Plantas útiles para la etnia yaqui en Sonora, México
Authors: Montes Rentería Rodolfo , Ramírez García Adán Guillermo , Ramírez Miranda César Adrián , Cruz León Artemio
Published: May 2022

La vida de los pueblos originarios no se puede comprender en su totalidad ni en su complejidad, sin reconocer el vínculo existente entre la cosmovisión del pueblo, el territorio en que se desenvuelven y las plantas ubicadas en el mismo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las plantas útiles nativas e introducidas para la etnia yaqui. La metodología empleada fue la denominada bola de nieve. El estudio se realizó en la comunidad de Vícam, municipio de Guaymas, Sonora, México. Los resultados indican que las plantas con mayor relevancia son el mezquite, carrizo, pitaya, guamúchil y palo fierro. Las plantas en el territorio yaqui asumen un rol muy importante, en el adecuado funcionamiento de la naturaleza que les rodea y que son parte esencial en la identidad de la etnia, sin que sean exclusivas de la misma.
ПУТИ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ОЦЕНКИ РИСКОВ В ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ
Authors: Туркан Али , Туркан Машаллах
Published: May 2022

Статья связана с широким распространением феномена оценки и управления рисками, ввиду чего существует острая необходимость в разработке дополнительных предложений по совершенствованию рабочей деятельности в промышленном предприятии. В современных условиях глобализации и увеличении процессов конкуренции, существенно повышается роль и значение применение на предприятиях методологии риск-менеджмента.
ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ДОЦІЛЬНОСТІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В ДИФЕРЕНЦІАЛЬНУ ГІБРИДНУ ФОРМУ
Authors: Гетьман Ольга , Котляр Микита , Кіданчук Вадим
Published: May 2022

У статті розглянуті основні умови використання диференціальних гібридних конфігурацій, які рекомендується застосовувати підприємствам усіх організаційно-правових форм господарювання, незалежно від того, де б вони не розташовувалися, як довго б не знаходилися на ринку, яких би розмірів не мали, якщо вони функціонують у диференціальному зовнішньому середовищі.
CHANGES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AS A RESULT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ivanchenko O. , Lurie K. , Melnikova O.
Published: May 2022

This article examines changes in the process of medical education and health care systems around the world caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of scientific and scientific-methodical literature shows: emergence and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to the development and improvement of distance education. It is already indisputable that a return to the regular curriculum is unlikely and that most of the creative changes that have already taken place during quarantine restrictions will be improved and used in the future.
METAPHORICAL THINKING IN THE KAZAKH WISDOM
Authors: Sagatova Assem , Adylkhanova Samal
Published: May 2022

The article comprehensively analyzes that the worldview of the Kazakhs, the ideals and values of the Great Steppe are closely related to the development of the country's history, as well as the role and place of folk wisdom in the formation of the modern worldview. The author believes that the historical lessons of the traditions of the ancestors are the key to the revival of independent national consciousness.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНА ІННОВАЦІЙНА ПОЛІТИКА: ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Мусіна Людмила , Писаренко Тетяна , Кваша Тетяна
Published: May 2022

На тлі війни Росії з Україною постають питання відновлення нашої країни, обговорюються нові підходи до бюджетної, податкової, митної політики. Інноваційна політика має отримати роль рушія змін у напряму інтелектуальної економіки знань ХХІ століття і суспільства сталого розвитку. У роботі пропонуються заходи та інструменти, необхідні для підвищення дієвості інноваційної політики в Україні за напрямами: управління політикою та інструменти політики.
DIABETIC CARDIAC AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY: EFFECT OF BENFOTIAMINE ON THE CORRECTED QT INTERVAL, QT DISPERSION AND SPATIAL QRS-T ANGLE
Authors: Serhiyenko Victoria , Hotsko Marta , Serhiyenko Ludmila , Serhiyenko Alexandr
Published: May 2022

The significance of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has not been fully appreciated and there is no unified treatment algorithm. Aim: To investigate the effects of benfotiamine (BFT) on the corrected QT interval (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd) and spatial QRS-T angle in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CAN. 32 patients with T2DM and definite stage of CAN were allocated to two treatment groups: control (n = 15) received standard antihyperglycemic therapy; group 2 (n = 17) - in addition BFT 300 mg/d for three months. The QTc interval, QTd and spatial QRS-T angle parameters were analyzed. It was found out that BFT contributed to decrease of the QTc, QTd and QRS-T angle. The positive influences of BFT suggests the feasibility of its administration to patients with T2DM and definite stage of CAN. Obtained results suggest that the efficacy of BFT is the result of a direct effect of the BFT on the investigated indexes.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ МІКОТОКСИКОЛОГІЧНОГО МОНІТОРИНГУ КОРМІВ ДЛЯ ВЕЛИКОЇ РОГАТОЇ ХУДОБИ У ГОСПОДАРСТВАХ ПІВДНЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Богач Микола , Селіщева Надія , Богач Денис , Пероцька Людмила
Published: May 2022

Наведено аналіз моніторингу кормів у скотарських господарствах півдня України у 2020–2021 роках. Встановлено, що 68,6 % проб відповідала санітарно-гігієнічним вимогам і допускалася до згодовування, а 31,4 % досліджених проб ‒ не відповідала МДР (максимально допустимому рівню), в них виявлено перевищення вмісту комах-шкідників в 1,5–2,5 рази, зміну органолептичних показників у 20,9 % пробах грубих кормів та у 10,5 % проб зернофуражу. Проби корму були уражені токсигенними мікроміцетами та мали високий рівень мікробіологічного забруднення. Виділили 62 ізоляти мікроскопічних грибів, які проявили високу токсичність в 11,3 % та слабку – в 20,1 % проб корму. Найбільш чисельними контамінантами кормів були гриби Aspergillus – 32 (51,6 %) ізоляти, Mucoraceae ‒ 18 (29,0 %), Penicillium – 9 (14,6 %), Fusarium – 3 (4,8 %).
LAWS OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Authors: Kaplunenko Volodymyr , Kosinov Mykola
Published: May 2022

Based on the generalization of experimental and theoretical studies in the field of catalysis, three basic laws of heterogeneous catalysis were discovered. From the formula of the catalysis rate law, the most important characteristics of catalysis are obtained - the reaction output, TOF and TON. Formulas for calculating the characteristics of catalysis using the characteristics of catalyst substance are given. A new concept of heterogeneous catalysis has been developed, in which the role of catalysts in the mechanism of accelerating chemical reactions has been revised. The oxidation states of the reactants and active sites of the catalyst are used as parameters in the formulas of the laws of catalysis. It follows from the laws of catalysis that oxidation states are such important characteristics of catalyst substance and reagents, that they directly affect the mechanism of catalysis itself and set the values of the most important characteristics of catalysis. As the main tool in the selection of catalysts, it is necessary to use the list of oxidation states of chemical elements known in chemistry. Based on the laws of catalysis, new definitions of catalyst and catalysis are given. The class of catalysts is expanded. Material catalysts are complemented by field catalysts. The substantiation of catalysis as a fundamental direction in science is given.
STUDY OF NOODLES MANUFACTURING WITH ADDITION OF CO2-MEAL FROM THE SPICE BLEND
Authors: Migalatiev Olga , Iuşan Larisa , Carelina Marina
Published: May 2022

Natural flavoring ingredients were produced from a mixture of coriander seeds, allspice berries, summer savory, black peppercorns, namely fat-soluble extracts and meal, by the method of supercritical CO2-extraction. The CO2-meal from the spice blend was used to prepare the noodles in order to add flavors and stimulate the appetite, being added in a ratio lower than 6%. As the added amount of CO2-meal from the spice mixture increases, so the total content of dietary fiber increases and the energy value of the noodles decreases.
ШЛЯХИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ САМОСТІЙНИХ ФІЗКУЛЬТУРНО-ОЗДОРОВЧИХ ЗАНЯТЬ З УЧНЯМИ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors: Базилевич Наталія , Тонконог Олександр , Юрченко Ігор
Published: May 2022

В статті розкриваються шляхи покращення фізичної підготовленості учнів початкової школи в процесі самостійних занять фізичними вправами. Запропонована експериментальна методика самостійних занять фізичними вправами включає: використання ігрового методу для підвищення мотивації дитини до занять фізичними вправами; особистісно зорієнтований підхід до учнів; систему самоконтролю для визначення приросту показників фізичних якостей.
An approach to sulfate geoengineering with surface emissions of carbonyl sulfide
Authors: Quaglia Ilaria , Visioni Daniele , Pitari Giovanni , Kravitz Ben
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Sulfate geoengineering (SG) methods based on lower stratospheric tropical injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) have been widely discussed in recent years, focusing on the direct and indirect effects they would have on the climate system. Here a potential alternative method is discussed, where sulfur emissions are located at the surface or in the troposphere in the form of carbonyl sulfide (COS) gas. There are two time-dependent chemistry–climate model experiments designed from the years 2021 to 2055, assuming a 40 Tg-Syr-1 artificial global flux of COS, which is geographically distributed following the present-day anthropogenic COS surface emissions (SG-COS-SRF) or a 6 Tg-Syr-1 injection of COS in the tropical upper troposphere (SG-COS-TTL). The budget of COS and sulfur species is discussed, as are the effects of both SG-COS strategies on the stratospheric sulfate aerosol optical depth (∼Δτ=0.080 in the years 2046–2055), aerosol effective radius (0.46 µm), surface SOx deposition (+8.9 % for SG-COS-SRF; +3.3 % for SG-COS-TTL), and tropopause radiative forcing (RF; ∼-1.5 W m−2 in all-sky conditions in both SG-COS experiments). Indirect effects on ozone, methane and stratospheric water vapour are also considered, along with the COS direct contribution. According to our model results, the resulting net RF is −1.3 W m−2, for SG-COS-SRF, and −1.5 W m−2, for SG-COS-TTL, and it is comparable to the corresponding RF of −1.7 W m−2 obtained with a sustained injection of 4 Tg-Syr-1 in the tropical lower stratosphere in the form of SO2 (SG-SO2, which is able to produce a comparable increase of the sulfate aerosol optical depth). Significant changes in the stratospheric ozone response are found in both SG-COS experiments with respect to SG-SO2 (∼5 DU versus +1.4 DU globally). According to the model results, the resulting ultraviolet B (UVB) perturbation at the surface accounts for −4.3 % as a global and annual average (versus −2.4 % in the SG-SO2 case), with a springtime Antarctic decrease of −2.7 % (versus a +5.8 % increase in the SG-SO2 experiment). Overall, we find that an increase in COS emissions may be feasible and produce a more latitudinally uniform forcing without the need for the deployment of stratospheric aircraft. However, our assumption that the rate of COS uptake by soils and plants does not vary with increasing COS concentrations will need to be investigated in future work, and more studies are needed on the prolonged exposure effects to higher COS values in humans and ecosystems.
The natural abundance of stable water isotopes method may overestimate deep-layer soil water use by trees
Authors: Wang Shaofei , Gao Xiaodong , Yang Min , Huo Gaopeng , Song Xiaolin , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Wu Pute , Zhao Xining
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Stable water isotopes have been used extensively to study the water use strategy of plants in various ecosystems. In deep vadose zone (DVZ) regions, the rooting depth of trees can reach several meters to tens of meters. However, the existence of roots in deep soils does not necessarily mean the occurrence of root water uptake, which usually occurs at a particular time during the growing season. Therefore, quantifying the contribution of deep-layer soil water (DLSW) in DVZ regions using the natural abundance of stable water isotopes may not be accurate because this method assumes that trees always extract shallow- and deep-layer soil water. We propose a multi-step method for addressing this issue. First, isotopic labeling in deep layers identifies whether trees absorb DLSW and determines the soil layer depths from which trees derive their water source. Next, calculate water sources based on the natural abundance of stable isotopes to quantify the water use strategy of trees. We also compared the results with the natural abundance of stable water isotopes method. The 11- and 17-year-old apple trees were taken as examples for analyses on China’s Loess Plateau. Isotopic labeling showed that the water uptake depth of 11-year-old apple trees reached 300 cm in the blossom and young fruit (BYF) stage and only 100 cm in the fruit swelling (FSW) stage, whereas 17-year-old trees always consumed water from the 0–320 cm soil layer. Overall, apple trees absorbed the most water from deep soils (> 140 cm) during the BYF stage, and 17-year-old trees consumed more water in these layers than 11-year-old trees throughout the growing season. In addition, the natural abundance of stable water isotopes method overestimated the contribution of DLSW, especially in the 320–500 cm soil layer. Our findings highlight that determining the occurrence of root water uptake in deep soils helps quantify the water use strategy of trees in DVZ regions.
An algorithmic method for the identification of wood species and the classification of post-consumer wood using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy
Authors: Leiter Nina , Wohlschläger Maximilian , Versen Martin , Laforsch Christian
Published: May 2022

Abstract. In this contribution the frequency domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FD-FLIM) technique is evaluated for post-consumer wood sorting. The fluorescence characteristics of several wood samples were determined, whereby two excitation wavelengths (405 and 488 nm) were used. The measured data were processed using algorithmic methods to identify the wood species and post-consumer wood category. With the excitation wavelength of 405 nm, 16 out of 19 samples could be correctly assigned to the corresponding post-consumer wood category by means of the fluorescence lifetimes. Thus, the experimental results revealed the high potential of the FD-FLIM technique for automated post-consumer wood sorting.
Supercell Convective Environments in Spain based on ERA5: Hail and Non-Hail Differences
Authors: Calvo-Sancho Carlos , Díaz-Fernández Javier , Martín Yago , Bolgiani Pedro , Sastre Mariano , González-Alemán Juan Jesús , Santos-Muñoz Daniel , Farrán José Ignacio , Martín María Luisa
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Severe convective storms, in particular supercells, are occasionally responsible for a large number of losses of property and damages in Spain. This paper aims to study the synoptic configurations and pre-convective environments in a dataset of 262 supercells during 2011–2020 in Spain. The events are grouped into supercells with hail (diameter larger than 5 cm) and without hail and the results are compared. ERA5 reanalysis data are used to study the synoptic configurations and soundings related to the supercell events at the initial and centroid time. Moreover, temperature, convective available potential energy, convective inhibition, lifting condensation level, level of free convection, height of freezing level, wind shear and storm-relative helicity are determined for each event. The results show that supercells are more frequent in the Mediterranean coast during the warm season. There are statistically significant differences between hail and non-hail events in the mentioned thermodynamic and kinematic-related parameters analyzed, such as supercells with hail environments characterized by higher median values of most-unstable convective available potential energy than supercells without hail.
Using forest plots to introduce meta-analysis, including simple moderator analysis, early in statistics education
Authors:   La Trobe University, Cumming Geoff
Published: May 2022

Meta-analysis is the quantitative integration of empirical studies that address the same or similar issues. It is usually the best way to draw research-based conclusions that can guide evidence-based practice by professionals, and evidence-based decision making by public policy makers. Meta-analysis is so important that students should learn about it very early in their statistics education. The close links between meta-analysis and practical conclusions drawn from bodies of research mean that meta-analysis is a vital element in outreach from statistics education. I describe software that uses forest plots to make the basic ideas of meta-analysis accessible, and my experience using it with beginning students. I use the software to illustrate two major models for meta-analysis, and introduce graphical extensions to forest plots that illustrate how the crucial topic of moderator analysis can be explained and, in simple cases, interpreted visually.
Death to the textbook!
Authors:   Consultant, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bedwell Mike
Published: May 2022

It will be argued that, at the introductory level at least, the Internet has rendered the statistics textbook redundant. This is because textbooks are inevitably out-of-date, often ossifying techniques rather than investigating fundamental concepts, especially those which continue to excite controversy to this day; these include Bayes’ theorem and the competing merits of significance testing and of confidence levels. The author will cite evidence from the library of his own former university, and outline his plans for a Statistics Vademecum. This will not be a textbook, but rather series of questions which direct the reader to look up concepts on the internet and answer Socratic-style questions about them.. The vision is that the reader should arrive at an informed opinion on the cliché ‘lies, damned lies....’, and appreciate that is neither mathematics nor IT, but rather logic that presents the challenge in understanding statistics .
The digitalization and its influence on combating corruption
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management RANEPA, Alaa Darwish , Misko Oleg ,   North-West Institute of Management RANEPA
Published: May 2022

In last years, many governments in all over the world have made a lot of efforts to improve the level of disclosure and transparency in their actions by using the information and communication technology (ICT) which includes: the internet, mobile applications and the social media. And the main target for this transformation is not only to improve the disclosure and transparency, but also to combat corruption. In this paper we are defining the digitalization and corruption and analyzing from the available resources the influence of digitalization on combating and eliminating the corruption.
Economic Returns to Skills in Kazakhstan in the context of international comparisons
Authors:   M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Kemelbayeva Saule , Nurumov Kaidar ,   JSC “Information Analytic Center”, Aituar Azat ,   M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Dysenbekova Yerkezhan ,   M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University
Published: May 2022

The study examines the economic returns to literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills in adults in Kazakhstan with the OECD data. Unlike in other countries, the returns to skills are neither economically nor statistically significant. This finding, however, is fully driven by the public sector of the economy, while in the private sector the skills significantly improve one’s earnings. The returns to formal education accounting for skills are comparable in public and private sectors. This likely causes the outflow of most productive workers to the private sector and question the efficiency of the public sector of the economy in Kazakhstan.
Toquemos juntos! Motivación e interacción en el aula en iniciativas musicales comunitarias
Authors: Arriaga-Sanz Cristina , Macián-González Roberto , Cabedo-Mas Alberto , Moliner Lidón
Published: May 2022

Este estudio pretende establecer la relación existente entre la motivación del alumnado participante en un programa músico-social y las características del profesorado y su forma de relacionarse y facilitar las actividades en el aula de música. Participan dos músicos-docentes y 56 estudiantes del programa Musiquem de una escuela de primaria de Castellón. A través de un método mixto se utilizan entrevistas, grupos focales, observaciones y un cuestionario. Se ha realizado un análisis de contenido, estadísticos descriptivos simples y estadística inferencial. Los resultados determinan cómo el programa favorece una mayor motivación e implicación en las actividades realizadas en el aula fomentando la escucha, el respeto y la expresión de emociones y sentimientos.
Aplicativos móveis para promoção de cuidados com pé diabético: revisão de escopo
Authors: Mourão Luana Feitosa , Marques Antonio Dean Barbosa , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Oliveira Shérida Karanini Paz de
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Analisar aplicativos em plataformas móveis voltados à promoção de cuidados com o pé de diabéticos quanto à usabilidade e recursos disponíveis. Método: Revisão de escopo de aplicativos móveis disponíveis em lojas virtuais realizada em janeiro de 2021. Os aplicativos inclusos foram baixados e instalados em um aparelho smartphone. A avaliação de sua usabilidade foi mensurada por meio do questionário System Usability Scale e Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE. Resultados: Oito aplicativos foram elegíveis com data de desenvolvimento entre 2015 e 2020, sete eram exclusivos do Android. A usabilidade pelo Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE foi de nível 50 (1), nível 70 (1) e nível 80 (6). Já pelo System Usability Scale, nenhum dos aplicativos atingiu escore de corte. Conclusão: A avaliação dos aplicativos possibilitou a descrição e conhecimento das funcionalidades, recursos e usabilidade. Identificou-se a escassez de aplicativos para a promoção dos cuidados com os pés.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ КОНТАКТНОЙ СВАРКИ СТЕРЖНЕЙ
Authors: Сугиров Джиенбек , Оспанова Салтанат , Суйменова Маржан , Шайхиева Кулянда , Избасар Айжан
Published: May 2022

В статье даны результаты анализа по исследованию КПД процесса нагревания перекрещивающихся стержней при применении контактной сварке. Выявлено, что чем больше время процесса сварки, тем уменьшался эффективный КПД нагрева при заданном токе. Также выявлено, что чем увеличен ток длительности сварки, то меньше получался эффективный КПД процесса нагрева. Средняя эффективная мощность  генераторов теплоты будет возрастать по мере возрастания тока, при постоянных параметрах по длительности сварки. При увеличении времени сварки эффективная мощность будет падать. Чем больше будет значение тока при заданной длительности по времени сварки, тем уменьшалось значение эффективного коэффициента полезного действия при сварке.
Выбор систем охранно-пожарной сигнализации загородных домов
Authors: Сугиров Джиенбек , Суйменова Маржан , Шайхиева Кулянда , Акмурзаева Балжан
Published: May 2022

В статье рассматриваются системы пожарной сигнализации, которые будут сигнализировать о возгорании на самой ранней стадии. Это дает возможность потушить огонь еще задолго до приезда пожарных. Охранно-пожарная сигнализация обеспечивает безопасность людей и неприкосновенности имущества, находящихся в здании, от пожара и несанкционированного проникновения. Представляет собой сложную интегрированную систему. Существует два основных критерия по которым выбирают систему пожаротушения. Это эффективность работы и минимум ущерба в случае пожара. Описана пожарная система сигнализации. Приведен порядок установки и обслуживания системы пожарной безопасности. Приведены рекомендации при установке системы пожаротушения. Даны рекомендации по определению числа датчиков, где они будут установлены, и какую систему пожаротушения выбрать.
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ОЦЕНКЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ЭФФЕКТА ОБРАЗЦОВ ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ И ТЕХНИКИ ПОГРАНИЧНОЙ СЛУЖБЫ
Authors: Мосов Сергей , Поливанов Павел , Салий Сергей , Мухатай Аспет
Published: May 2022

В статье предложен методический подход к экспертной оценке экономического эффекта от применения образцов нового оборудования или новой техники для Пограничной службы. В основу подхода положен метод анализа иерархий, отличительной чертой которого является обеспечение объективности суждений экспертов, привлекаемых к проведению оценки. Применение предложенной методики позволяет, во-первых, объективно сравнивать образцы оборудования или техники (новые и существующие или новые между собой); во-вторых, необходимость обеспечения транзитивной согласованности позволяет фиксировать попытки искусственного завышения показателей одного из образцов оборудования или техники (или оцениваемого), так как автоматически ухудшатся показатели другого образца оборудования или техники, и отношение согласованности выйдет из допустимых границ, то есть в этом случае сохраняется принцип беспристрастности и справедливости.
AIRCRAFT NOISE AND METHODS OF ITS REDUCTION
Authors: Zhandildinova Karlygash , Moldabekov Aidos
Published: May 2022

Aircraft noise and methods of its reduction are considered. Brief information about noise sources and acceptable value are described. Regulatory documents, the noise standard established by ICAO are also considered. Recommendations for reducing aircraft noise are presented.

The whole body is susceptible to noise. Even at a relatively low, but constant noise level, a person may experience discomfort, irritability, and headaches. Especially dangerous is sudden noise that violates the psychological comfort of a person (takeoff and landing, areas of the route of supersonic aircraft).

The result of the specific effects of noise on the hearing organs are diseases such as sensorineural hearing loss, manifested by persistent hearing loss. The development of sensorineural hearing loss is associated with prolonged and regular levels of aircraft noise.

Pilots are exposed to this noise level, the noise level fluctuates in the range of 90-109 dB, and in the cockpits of helicopters - in the range of 100-118 dB.

Aircraft noise around airports and airways covers the entire area of ​​the territory, including the residential area. When the airport is close to the city, there are problems associated with a high level of aircraft noise, which creates discomfort for the human body.
Cryptococcus pneumonia: Helpful findings for diagnosing cryptococcal pneumonia on CT in residents
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University and Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea., Li Kai Ke , Jin Gong Yong ,   Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University and Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea., Kweon Keun Sang ,   Province, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University and Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea.
Published: May 2022

Background: Pulmonary cryptococcosis has various CT findings which can be often misdiagnosed as other diseases to delay patient’s treatment. It is actually very difficult to diagnose pulmonary cryptococcal pneumonia on chest CT, especially for inexperienced residents. Purpose: To investigate whether there are new CT findings that may be helpful to residents when diagnosing cryptococcal pneumonia with CT. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed chest CT findings of 23 patients with pathologically proven PC from 2007 to 2018 in our hospital. Eight residents independently read chest CT twice at regular intervals, and at the second reading, the patient’s clinical information and one additional CT finding were provided. Correlation between CT findings and diagnosis accuracy for cryptococcal pneumonia were compared by simple liner regression. Results: Most common pulmonary lesion identified on CT was multiple nodules (n = 15, 65.2%), followed by masses (n=8, 34.8%). The distribution of located within 2 cm below pleural and distributed along the bronchi, which 19 (82.6%) patients were observed in their CT images, and enhancement of nodule or mass were significant correlated for CT findings and diagnostic accuracy on cryptococcal pneumonia, which p-value were 0.018 and 0.007 respectively. Conclusion: In order to accurately diagnose pulmonary cryptococcal pneumonia, clinical information including the patient’s immune status and nodules clustered within 2 cm of the bronchi on the chest CT verified in this study are helpful to trainers Keywords: pulmonary; infection; cryptococcosis; radiographic features; diagnosis.