bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the effectiveness of random walks for modeling epidemics on networks
Authors: Kim Sooyeong , Breen Jane , Dudkina Ekaterina , Poloni Federico , Crisostomi Emanuele
Published: January 2023

Random walks on graphs are often used to analyse and predict epidemic spreads and to investigate possible control actions to mitigate them. In this study, we first show that models based on random walks with a single stochastic agent (such as Google’s popular PageRank) may provide a poor description of certain features of epidemic spread: most notably, spreading times. Then, we discuss another Markov chain based method that does reflect the correct mean infection times for the disease to spread between individuals in a network, and we determine a procedure that allows one to compute them efficiently via a sampling strategy. Finally, we present a novel centrality measure based on infection times, and we compare its node ranking properties with other centrality measures based on random walks. Our results are provided for a simple SI model for epidemic spreading.
Cascading Effects of Natural Hazards: Lessons from Recent Natech Accidents and Practices
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Park Hye Jeong , Nam Ki Hun
Published: January 2023

Recent trends of disaster present that disasters are more uncertain and complex with unpredictable cascading effects owing to global environmental and climate change. As one of the significant phenomena, natural hazards triggering technological accidents, so-called Natech, which cause acute and prolonged terrifying consequences, have also been increased. Considering low probability but high consequences, Natech accidents often exceed the capacity of disaster preparedness and response of local government and professional responders. As a result, the need to better manage Natech risks has become a challenge in disaster risk management among all stakeholders, including government, disaster and safety experts, industry, and citizens. Although there have been numerous efforts undertaken by international organizations and individual countries to reduce Natech risks, there are still not sufficient reflections to reduce the risks of natural hazard triggering technological disasters in South Korea. Thus, this study highlights lessons from Natech risk reduction practices undertaken by individual countries and recent minor Natech cases to fullfill gaps in effective risk management considering for cascading effects.
Az igazságosság a termelékenység forrása? — A vállalatok foglalkoztatáspolitikai problémái : összefoglaló a Budapesti Corvinus Egyetemen rendezett konferenciáról
Authors: Seres Marcell
Published: January 2023

A Corvinus Egyetem által szervezett “Foglalkoztatáspolitikai kihívások és vállalati innováció” konferencia kerekasztal beszélgetései az Ifjúsági Vállalkozásélénkítő Egyesület és az OFA Nonprofit Kft. közreműködésével került megrendezésre 2022. november 23-án.
Higher Postinduction Infliximab Concentrations Are Associated With Favorable Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Crohn's Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of the REACH Trial
Authors: Cheifetz Adam S. , Vande Casteele Niels , Wang Zhongya , Dubinsky Marla C. , Papamichael Konstantinos
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Exposure-outcome relationship data show that higher infliximab concentrations are associated with better outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). However, most of these data were derived from adult patients on maintenance therapy. We aimed to investigate the association of infliximab concentrations during and early after induction therapy of infliximab with short-term and long-term clinical outcomes in a pediatric CD population.

METHODS:

We conducted a post hoc analysis of the REACH trial which included pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe CD treated with infliximab (n = 103). The investigated outcomes were early clinical remission (CR) defined as a pediatric CD activity index score of ≤ 10, assessed at week 10, and long-term clinical response (LTCR) defined as a decrease from baseline in the pediatric CD activity index score of at least 15 points, with a total score of ≤ 30 and no need for drug discontinuation, assessed at weeks 30 and 54.

RESULTS:

Based on multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher week 10 infliximab concentrations were independently associated with CR at week 10 (odds ratio: 1.54; 95% confidence interval: 1.06–2.22; P = 0.022) and LTCR at week 30 (odds ratio: 1.62; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–2.36; P = 0.010). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified week 10 infliximab concentration thresholds of ≥7.1 μg/mL and ≥6.5 μg/mL to be associated with CR at week 10 and LTCR at week 30, respectively.

DISCUSSION:

Higher postinduction infliximab concentrations are associated with both short-term and long-term favorable clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with CD. Tailoring dosing during induction to achieve higher infliximab exposure may lead to better outcomes in pediatric patients with CD.
Development and Validation of a Career Barriers Scale(CBS) for Multicultural Elementary School Students of South Korea
Authors: Yuhoa Seongok , Seo Wooseok
Published: January 2023

The purposes of this study were to develop and validate the Career Barriers Scale (CBS). Based on the review of previous studies, the concept of the career barriers was operationally defined to the experiences in the external, and items suitable for multicultural elementary school students were extracted. In addition, preliminary items were developed through content validity verification among experts in career education, multicultural education, and measurement tool development and research. The preliminary scale was administered to a sample of 10 multicultural elementary school students and item-score correlation and factor extraction were implemented. The revised scale consisting of 34 items was administered to a sample of another 200 multicultural elementary school students. And then, the CBS was finally developed, which consists of 4 factors and 28 items, including such factors as negative feedback from significant others, lack of career support, economic and cultural restrictions, discrimination (gender/race/culture). The CFA were performed in order to assess the construct validity. The 4 factor model was proved good fit to the data and all items had a significant effect to each construct from which it can be concluded that convergent validity is supported for all of the items. The construct reliability index and average variance extracted index indicated good reliability of this scale. Based on the results, some recommendations for further study and practices were suggested.
Data Driven Approach to Analyze Competency Teaching in an Undergraduate Biology Program: A Case Study
Authors: Donovan Deborah , Clemmons Alexa , Crowe Alison
Published: January 2023

Recent calls to reform undergraduate biology education, including Vision and Change in Undergraduate Biology Education, have led biology departments to examine their curriculum to determine the extent to which it aligns with Vision and Change content and competency recommendations. The recently released BioSkills Guide translates the broad Vision and Change core competencies into more specific program-level learning objectives. Curriculum mapping is the process of surveying courses within a program to determine where content and skills are taught, then analyzing the data to determine how well the curriculum that is actually taught aligns with the planned curriculum. The [INSTITUTION] Biology Department used a new curriculum mapping tool, the BioSkills Curriculum Survey, to examine the extent to which Vision and Change core competencies and BioSkills learning objectives were taught in our courses. Instructors completed the survey for every course they taught in the last two years, enabling us to gather data on competency and learning objective coverage and assessment across our curriculum. We answered questions about where in the curriculum competencies and learning objectives were taught, how different instructors teaching the same course taught learning objectives, the extent to which different learning objectives were assessed, and how teaching learning objectives differed in different tracks and different course levels. For a subset of courses, students also completed a modified survey to determine how students’ perceptions of skills coverage matched instructor’s perceptions. One main finding was that we taught Science and Society learning objectives less than others and, when taught, we did not often assess them. We also found that students’ perceptions of competency teaching did not align well with instructors’ perceptions. The data were used to make informed decisions about ongoing curriculum revisions. This paper illustrates the questions that can be answered using this mapping tool for competencies and we offer recommendations about how a department can take a data-driven approach to curriculum reform.
Sentimiento de culpa y malestar psicológico en víctimas de violencia de género
Authors: Bonilla-Algovia Enrique , Rivas-Rivero Esther
Published: January 2023

La violencia de género tiene graves consecuencias para la salud de las mujeres y sus efectos se agravan cuando el maltrato se ha producido a lo largo del ciclo vital. Además, puede desarrollar en las víctimas sentimientos de culpa que influyen negativamente en su salud mental. La muestra está formada por 129 víctimas de violencia de género de Nicaragua, un colectivo que ha padecido distintas formas de polivictimización desde la infancia. El desarrollo de sentimientos de culpa se asocia al historial de maltrato e influye en la salud de las víctimas, quienes presentan mayores niveles de ansiedad y depresión que quienes no se sienten culpables. Conocer la problemática permite su consideración en los procesos de tratamiento e intervención con quienes han padecido violencia de género.
Narrativas de niños y niñas sobre la homosexualidad
Authors: García Suárez Carlos Iván , Camacho Ordoñez Leidy Bibiana
Published: January 2023

Este artículo sintetiza una investigación acerca de las narrativas sobre la homosexualidad, en un grupo de niños y niñas escolarizados, con edades entre los 8 y 11 años, de la ciudad de Ibagué (Colombia). Adopta el método cualitativo, desde el paradigma comprensivo-interpretativo y la Epistemología del sujeto conocido. Particularmente, acude a la narrativa de enfoque temático con el objetivo de develar los discursos sociales en el conjunto de narrativas emergentes alrededor del tema. Se emplean distintas técnicas cualitativas que, recreadas a través del juego lúdico, posibilitan la emergencia dialógica de las narrativas y la construcción colectiva del conocimiento sobre la homosexualidad, como temática no abordada desde el punto de vista infantil en el mundo académico. Los hallazgos plantean un complejo entramado narrativo que se dinamiza constantemente entre Discursos esencialistas heteronormativos y Discursos de reconocimiento y de derechos humanos, sobre la homosexualidad. Constituyen miradas múltiples y contradictorias sobre el tema, apartadas de una lógica polarizante. Se sugiere una ruta ontológica, epistemológica y metodológica para el abordaje educativo de la sexualidad, que favorezca la construcción colectiva del conocimiento y la emergencia del niño y la niña como sujetos narrativos, éticos y políticos.
COMBINED EXTRUSION OF GLASSES WITH A CONICAL BOTTOM. METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AT INITIAL DEFORMATION BY CONSTRAINED BACK EXTRUSION
Authors: Vorontsov A. L. , Lebedeva D. A.
Published: January 2023

The methodology for calculating the energy-force and deformation parameters of the process of constrained back extrusion of glasses with a conical bottom is presented. The extrusion of both non-hardening and hardening material is considered. In the latter case, the account of the hardening of the extruded material is described in detail. The above formulas allow us to determine such important parameters of the stamping process as total and specific deforming force, maximum pressure on the die wall, and an increase in the yield stress.
COMBINED EXTRUSION OF GLASSES WITH A CONICAL BOTTOM. METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AT INITIAL DEFORMATION BY FREE COMBINED EXTRUSION
Authors: Vorontsov A. L. , Lebedeva D. A.
Published: January 2023

The methodology for calculating the energy-force and deformation parameters of the process of free combined extrusion of glasses with a conical bottom is presented. The extrusion of both non-hardening and hardening material is considered. In the latter case, the account of the hardening of the extruded material is described in detail. The above formulas allow us to determine such important parameters of the stamping process as total and specific deforming force, maximum pressure on the die wall, and an increase in the yield stress.
COMBINED EXTRUSION OF GLASSES WITH A CONICAL BOTTOM. METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE TEMPERATURE EFFECT OF DEFORMATION
Authors: Vorontsov A. L. , Lebedeva D. A.
Published: January 2023

The methodology for calculating the energy-force and deformation parameters of the process of constrained combined extrusion of glasses with a conical bottom taking into account the temperature effect of deformation is presented. In the latter case, the account of the hardening of the extruded material is described in detail. The above formulas allow us to determine such important parameters of the stamping process as total and specific deforming force, maximum pressure on the die wall, and an increase in the yield stress.
ASSESSING DECENTRALIZATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC FEDERALISM: CONSIDERING THE FACTOR OF INHOMOGENEITY OF THE SPACE OF STATE DECISIONS
Authors: Danilova Irina , Korotina Natalya
Published: January 2023

The strategic tasks of Russia in conditions of uncertainty and decrease in business activity, the need to stimulate a new quality of growth in the regional economy have revived a scientific discussion about the development of the system of federal relations, the ratio of centralization and decentralization in management decision-making. The purpose of the article is to clarify def-initions and analyze theoretical foundations of the space of economic federalism and its struc-ture, to develop a methodological approach to assessing decentralization / centralization in the context of managerial and economic (reproductive) metrics, as well as to analyze asymmetry as a basic characteristics of heterogeneity that has developed in the context of regions and macro-territories. The approbation of the methodology has allowed to compare the levels of decentrali-zation and asymmetry of the space of the Russian Federation in the context of regions. A less significant asymmetry of government decisions of a managerial and economic nature at the level of territorial zones of different functional status (centers of economic growth, geostrategic territo-ries, etc.) has been substantiated. The identified trends make it possible to substantiate the need for a new strategic format and application of regulation technologies, the specification of support measures in a territorial-functional context, that is, a combination of universal and the spatially oriented ones, what will allow capitalizing the advantages of decentralized solutions in the current model of economic federalism.
STRUCTURAL SHIFTS IN THE NATIONAL AND REGIONAL ECONOMY: A HISTORICAL APPROACH (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY)
Authors: Matveev Vladimir
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the factors of structural changes in the economy of regions. There is no doubt that the current socio-economic and political situation, which has been formed as a negative result of the consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic, provides a rather negative impact on the economy of regions. In particular, competition for resources and potential sales markets is sharply increasing. The article presents the point of view of the author on the factors of development of the regional economy and structural changes that can have a multidirectional impact on the economy of a region. It is noted that a coherent theory of structural changes has not yet been developed, which makes it difficult to conduct an objective analysis of the causes and consequences of structural changes in the regional economy. The conclusion about a strict correlation be-tween the generation of new knowledge, which leads to all kinds of innovations, and struc-tural changes in the regional economy is substantiated. At the same time, the innovation process is characterized by a high level of uncertainty in terms of obtaining the desired end results. Specific historical examples of the impact of innovation on the development of the regional economy are considered. It is especially noted that the technological lag can last for decades, having the most negative impact on the socio-economic situation in the region. The conclusion that innovations can contribute to the development of economical-ly weak regions is substantiated.
SPATIAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS AND APPLIED SOLUTIONS
Authors: Rezepin Aleksandr
Published: January 2023

Despite its high demand with regard to application, the scientific direction of the problems of the development of spatial economic systems is the least developed block in the field of studies of the territorial organization of the economy. The analysis of spatial economic systems requires a special toolkit, different from the methods of regional analysis. The combination of methodo-logical principles of new economic geography, methodology of "new locality", system-dynamic and synergetic approaches allows to obtain new scientifically significant results. In terms of ex-panding the application potential, the article presents a study of the dynamic characteristics of spatial economic systems, namely, the rates of economic growth and their stability, the region's involvement in the country's economic space, and the flexibility of the sectoral structure of pro-duction. According to the results of the study, four patterns of the economic dynamics of the re-gions have been revealed. Increased spatial connectivity, diversification of production, and the development of new industries can be the possible mechanisms for the adaptation of the region-al economy to new conditions and sources of recovery growth.
MODELING THE TRAFFIC CAPACITY OF THE NODES OF URBAN TRANSPORT NETWORK BASED ON THE FUZZY LOGIC METHODS
Authors: Shepelev Vladimir , Glushkov Alexander , Slobodin Ivan , Alferova Irina , Fadina Olga
Published: January 2023

Traffic state prediction is a key component of intelligent transport systems (ITS) which has attracted a lot of attention over the past few decades. The improvement in the accuracy of mod-eling and predicting the traffic capacity of intersections, depending on such uncertain factors as the intensity of pedestrian flow and its discontinuity, is possible only with the development and use of new methods. In order to form a number of typical control algorithms for each regulated node of a city transport network, the need to cluster them arises. The traffic flow parameters of each separate regulated node of transport network have been measured using convolutional neu-ral networks (YOLOv3). As a result of the analysis of the differences between the clusters in terms of mean values of independent factors, statistically significant differences have been revealed and linear regression models have been detected. On the basis of these models, typical manage-ment decisions on increasing the traffic capacity of regulated nodes of the transport network will be formed. When constructing the model, the fuzzy logic methods, as they more fully reflect the influence of random factors of pedestrian flow on the traffic capacity of the intersection as a whole, have been used.
EVOLUTION OF THE GOALS AND INSTRUMENTS OF THE EU REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL POLICY: BENCHMARKS FOR RUSSIA
Authors: Danilova Irina , Mikhailova Irina , Nesytyh Ksenia
Published: January 2023

The strategic guideline for the Russian Federation, stipulated by the Strategy for Spatial De-velopment, is to strengthen the connectivity of the economic space, modernize the sectoral structure, and stimulate the dynamics of the industrial production of the territories. The formation of a regional industrial policy, coordination with global scientific and technological priorities and the possibilities of the territories is considered as a driver of Russia's recovery growth. The article analyzes the experience of European coun-tries, presents the evolution of the priorities of the industrial development strategy, systematizes effective tools and practices for updating the EU industry. The industrial policy of the EU is studied by the authors in two dimensions: 1) taking into account the integration goals and the potential of institutional support; 2) from substantive positions, in terms of priorities, tasks, mechanisms for the transformation of industry. The high elasticity of transformational changes in response to global challenges has been revealed: multiplicative en-richment of subject goals (“innovations – digitalization – resource-saving technologies – industrial ecolo-gy”); creation of a comprehensive toolkit focused on the complementarity of the industry of the EU coun-tries, focused on platform solutions, digital connectivity, environmental neutrality. The position on the pres-ence of out-of-country patterns and qualitative stages of modern industrial policy in countries and macro-territories with a heterogeneous economic space is substantiated, benchmarks of effective solutions are iden-tified in the context of systemic government support for transformational changes in the industry of territories with different levels of development. The obtained conclusions can be used in the development of decisions in the field of state regulation of the industrial policy of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
FORMATION OF CUSTOMS DUTIES ON TAX ELEMENTS
Authors: Bobrova Anna
Published: January 2023

The subject of the study is the process of legislative formation of customs duties, namely, the correspondence of the elements on which the customs duty is based to the elements of taxes in view of the identity of tax and non-tax payments in the Russian Federation, as well as the gaps in the legislative formation of customs duties that do not allow calculating payments in automated mode. The development of recommendations for improving the legislative regulation of customs duties in the Russian Federation can be considered as the purpose of the study, as well as filling in gaps in the elements of customs duties and creating prerequisites for the development of a flowchart for calculating payments. As the methodological basis of the study, the principles and methods of systematization of the provisions of regulatory legal acts in the field of customs legislation on the elements of taxes for customs duties have been used, as well as the ZET algorithm for filling in the gaps in tabular data on the elements of customs duties. The novelty elements are the proposal to introduce a single regulatory legal act regulating customs duty issues in the Russian Federation, with the exception of duty rates, as well as the filled gaps in customs duty legislation, which together form a single scheme for automated payment calculation. A system of proposals for improving customs legislation can be considered the result of the study. It can be used by the legislature in the formation of elements of customs duties.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT PROJECTS
Authors: Gelrud Yakov , Jiangan Cui
Published: January 2023

The economic security of innovation and investment projects is ensured by the analysis of possible risks and measures to reduce or eliminate them. This article discusses the types of innovation and investment risks and the measures to neutralize them. The proposed mathematical models and methods are designed to effectively manage innovation and investment projects at all stages of their planning and development. For each variant under consideration, the specific conditions to which the proposed model should be adequate are determined, and the corresponding methods for solving the formulated multicriteria problems are analyzed. The use of these models should increase the efficiency of the investor of innovative projects, ensure the achievement of planned goals under different conditions for their implementation. The last section of the article analyzes the risks of the Sony company’s technological innovations. Countermeasures to the risks associated with technological innovations of the Sony company are analyzed.
WORLD COMMERCIAL SPACE MARKET: POSITIONING OF COUNTRIES AND SEGMENTS OF THE SATELLITE INDUSTRY
Authors: Savelyeva Irina , Kandaurov Dmitry , Pravdina Natalia , Dzenzelyuk Natalya
Published: January 2023

The commercialization of space activities is becoming an increasingly significant trend in the development of the global space industry. This trend necessitates the transformation of the Russian space market as well. One of the topical issues of this transformation from an economic point of view is the question of finding the most promising market niches for domestic actors in the space industry. The article is devoted to the analysis of trends in the global space market and the identification of the most promising market segments. The theoretical basis of the study are the general provisions of marketing theory, including the concept of consumer segmentation and the concept of market positioning. The methodological basis of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, logical approach, comparative analysis), special economic methods of analysis (graphical method), as well as the use of qualitative and quantitative methods of collecting information. The sources of information in the work are the current regulations, data from reputable foreign research organizations, publications of foreign and Russian specialists in the field of space activities. Based on the market segmentation adopted in world practice, trends in the development of the world market in various segments are determined. The fastest growing segments of satellite services are identified, including the segment of remote sensing of the Earth, the broadband segment and the segment of mobile satellite communications, which includes data transmission services for the Internet of things. Based on an estimate of revenue, revenue growth rates and the rate of satellite renewal in orbit, the positions of countries in the respective segments were determined, the leader among which are the United States. The results of the study can become the basis for further study of the mechanisms and business models used by various countries in the field of commercial space, as well as for orienting existing participants in space activities to the most promising market segments.
Utilization of Cassava Peel (Manihot utilissima) Waste as an Adhesive in the Manufacture of Coconut Shell (Cocos nucifera) Charcoal Briquettes
Authors: Rudiyanto Bayu , Agustina Intan Rida , Ulma Zeni , Prasetyo Dafit Ari , Hijriawan Miftah , Piluharto Bambang , Prasetyo Totok
Published: January 2023

Coconut shells and waste cassava peels could be used as the main raw material for biomass briquettes for alternative energy sources in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the quality of briquettes based on a coconut shell and cassava peel adhesive through proximate analysis with three treatment ratio variations. The ratio of coconut shell to cassava peel used varied from V1 (75%:25%), V2 (70%:30%), and V3 (65%:35%). Based on the result, the charcoal briquettes produced have a density of 0.61 gram/cm³-0.66 gram/cm³, water content of 5.51%-7.85%, ash content of 1.50%-2.86%, combustion rate of 0.021 gram/s-0.026 gram/s, and the calorific value of 6,161 cal/gram-6,266 cal/gram. However, all the treatment variations appropriate the SNI 01-6235-2000, the national standard of Indonesia for the quality of charcoal briquette, which includes the calorific value (>5,000 cal/gram), moisture content (<8%), and ash content (<8%). Briquettes with the best quality were generated by V1 with a density of 0.66 gram/cm³, water content of 5.51%, ash content of 1.50%, combustion rate of 0.026 gram/s, and calorific value of 6,266 cal/gram. Furthermore, briquette material from the coconut shell waste with natural cassava peel adhesive can be feasible as an alternative fuel.
Depth Profiles of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Concentration in a Tropical Freshwater Reservoir
Authors: Wardhani Eka , Sugiarti Zulfah Ananda
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the profile of dissolved oxygen and H2S based on depth in the Jatiluhur Reservoir related to fish culture in floating net cages. The scope of this research is focused on the location of floating net cage cultivation. Dissolved oxygen distribution is classified as a positive heterograde type where dissolved oxygen levels higher in the metalimnion layer due to the photosynthesis process that occurs effectively by aquatic plants and phytoplankton. Jatiluhur Reservoir shows signs of organic pollution, with BOD5 and COD levels exceeding the quality standard. This organic substance comes from the waste of floating net cages. BOD5 and COD values that exceed the quality standard result in increased oxygen consumption during the decomposition process; therefore, a hypoxic layer occurs. This occurrence can cause water conditions to become anoxic, producing H2S gas. The H2S value in the Jatiluhur Reservoir was observed to exceed 0.002 mg/L and showed an increase in the metalimnion layer.
Genetický konštruktivizmus vo svetle inštrumentálneho realizmu
Authors: Kvasz Ladislav
Published: January 2023

Inštrumentálny realizmus sme predstavili ako epistemologickú koncepciu zameranú na analýzu zmien jazyka matematiky. Podľa tejto koncepcie je možné odlíšiť zmeny jazyka štyroch rozličných druhov. Z pohľadu inštrumentálneho realizmu je úlohou vyučovania matematiky v kognitívnom systéme žiaka navodzovať zmeny všetkých štyroch druhov. Rôzne prístupy k vyučovaniu matematiky (konštruktivizmus, realistická matematika, hermeneutický prístup, genetická metóda) sa líšia tým, aký didaktický význam prikladajú jednotlivým druhom zmien. Kvalitu určitého prístupu k vyučovaniu matematiky môžeme posudzovať aj podľa toho, ako úspešne navodzuje v mysli žiaka zmeny každého z uvedených druhov. Vychádzame z predpokladu, že kognitívne zmeny, ktoré učiteľ pri vyučovaní matematiky navodzuje v mysli žiaka, sú svojou povahou príbuzné s kognitívnymi zmenami, ku ktorým došlo v mysliach matematikov, ktorí pojmy, postupy a poznatky, ktoré žiakov dnes učíme, objavovali. Ak je tento predpoklad správny, umožňuje nám znalosť dejín uvedomiť si zložitosť zmien, ktoré sa učiteľ usiluje navodiť v myslení žiaka. Cieľom článku je analýza genetického konštruktivizmu z pohľadu inštrumentálneho realizmu. Chceme ukázať, že genetický konštruktivizmus obsahuje didaktické prostriedky na to, aby v mysli žiaka navodil autentické kognitívne zmeny všetkých štyroch druhov. Naša analýza je druhom epistemologickej rekonštrukcie, zameranej na konceptuálnu stavbu genetického konštruktivizmu. Preto nevypovedá o empirickom obsahu skúmanej teórie, avšak veríme, že upresnenie nášho porozumenia pistemologickej štruktúre skúmanej teórie umožní vytvoriť si jasnejšiu predstavu o parametroch, ktoré bude treba zohľadniť pri jej empirickom skúmaní.
Utilization of urban waste as liquid organic fertilizer for vegetable crops in urban farming system
Authors: Haryanta Dwi , Sa’adah Tatuk Tojibatus , Thohiron Mochamad , Rezeki Fungki Sri
Published: January 2023

Converting vegetable, fruit, food, fish offal and slaughterhouse waste that become a problem for the community in the urban areas into useful plant fertilizer is the solution. This study aims to determine (1) the potential of urban organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer and (2) the effectiveness of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) in increasing the growth and yield of vegetable crops in urban farming systems. The study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with some treatments P0 (control) and P1 (LOF with 6 types of waste) consisting of P2 (vegetable waste), P3 (fruit waste), P4 (sprouts waste), P5 (food waste), P6 (catfish waste) and P7 (blood waste). The treatment was repeated 3 times for a total of 28 experimental units. The three vegetable plants; eggplant, Bok Choy and mustard, were used in the experiment. The study found that liquid organic fertilizers from vegetables, fruit, sprout, food, fish, blood waste and mixed waste all contain organic matter, varying amounts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), carbon (C), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and humic acid. All liquid organic fertilizer treatments increased eggplant and Bok Choy vegetable growth and yield; however, the type of organic waste used as a raw material for LOF did not affect growth but eggplant and Bok Choy yield. LOF from blood waste (P7) and fish waste (P6) has higher measured nutrients and yield from eggplant, Bok Choy and mustard vegetables than other treatments.
A systematic review of meta-analyses in second language research: current practices, issues, and recommendations
Authors: Vuogan Alyssa , Li Shaofeng
Published: January 2023

This study provides a systematic review of the methodological features of meta-analyses in second language learning. The synthesis aims to inform how meta-analyses in L2 learning have been conducted, evaluate whether methodological decisions are aligned with norms and standards, identify issues, and suggest solutions based on expert advice, statistical guides, and best practices. A total of 120 meta-analyses were retrieved and coded for key features related to bibliographic and demographic characteristics, search and selection, publication bias, quality control, data coding, data analysis, and effect size interpretation. The synthesis showed that 98 meta-analyses examined the effectiveness of instructional treatments, 21 investigated correlations, and one explored the occurrence of events. These meta-analyses included an average of 37 primary studies (range = 9–302). Common selection criteria the meta-analyses applied included publication type, availability of data for effect size calculation, learner traits, learners’ target languages, publication dates, publication language, independent variables, and dependent variables. Major strategies used to detect publication bias included creating a funnel plot, using trim-and-fill analysis, and calculating a fail-safe N. Typical moderators examined in the meta-analyses related to research context, treatment features, sample characteristics, and outcome measures. The synthesis also identified a number of issues, including failure to report key features such as model selection (fixed- vs. random-effects model), effect size weighting, and so on; conducting moderator analysis based on very small cell sizes (e.g., only one study in a subgroup); lack of justification for certain methodological decisions such as using d instead of g, using confidence intervals rather than Q-tests to identify significant moderators; lack of quality control; and confounding study-based and synthesis-based moderators. We offer advice on identified issues and call for more transparency of reporting.
NMDA receptors – regulatory function and pathophysiological significance for pancreatic beta cells
Authors: Noguera Hurtado Héctor , Gresch Anne , Düfer Martina
Published: January 2023

Due to its unique features amongst ionotropic glutamate receptors, the NMDA receptor is of special interest in the physiological context but even more as a drug target. In the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus, there is evidence that NMDA receptor activation contributes to disease progression by impairing beta cell function. Consequently, channel inhibitors are suggested for treatment, but up to now there are many unanswered questions about the signaling pathways NMDA receptors are interfering with in the islets of Langerhans. In this review we give an overview about channel structure and function with special regard to the pancreatic beta cells and the regulation of insulin secretion. We sum up which signaling pathways from brain research have already been transferred to the beta cell, and what still needs to be proven. The main focus is on the relationship between an over-stimulated NMDA receptor and the production of reactive oxygen species, the amount of which is crucial for beta cell function. Finally, pilot studies using NMDA receptor blockers to protect the islet from dysfunction are reviewed and future perspectives for the use of such compounds in the context of impaired glucose homeostasis are discussed.
Machine learning-based prediction of total phenolic and flavonoid in horticultural products
Authors: Kusumiyati Kusumiyati , Asikin Yonathan
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to predict the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in several horticultural commodities using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with machine learning. Although models are typically developed for a single product, expanding the coverage of the model can improve efficiency. In this study, 700 samples were used, including varieties of shallot, cayenne pepper, and red chili. The results showed that the TPC model developed yielded R
2cal, root mean squares error in the calibration set, R
2pred, root mean squares error in prediction set, and ratio of performance to deviation values of 0.79, 123.33, 0.78, 124.20, and 2.13, respectively. Meanwhile, the TFC model produced values of 0.71, 44.52, 0.72, 42.10, and 1.87, respectively. The wavelengths 912, 939, and 942 nm are closely related to phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The accuracy of the model in this study produced satisfactory results. Therefore, the application of NIRS and machine learning to horticultural products has a high potential of replacing conventional laboratory analysis TPC and TFC.
General three-dimensional equilibrium for stationary inviscid fluids in the presence of a gravitational potential
Authors: Hussain Eman T. , Ibrahim Doaa A. , El-Kalaawy Omar H. , Moawad Salah M.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we study the properties of the general three-dimensional equilibrium solutions for steady-state equations of inviscid fluids. Incompressible, homogeneous, inhomogeneous and compressible flows motion in a gravitational potential are considered. General three-dimensional formulas for the gas pressure and the gravitational potential are obtained. For incompressible flows, the vector and scalar potentials of the velocity field are used to derive general formulas for general three-dimensional solutions. To verify our results, some examples are presented. For compressible flows, a class of three-dimensional solutions is constructed.
Enhancing Tensile Response of Polymeric Elements Using Bioinspired 3D Printing: Studying the Effects of Printing Patterns and Process Parameters
Authors: Namakiaraghi Parsa , McNally Liam , Spragg Robert , Farnam Yaghoob Amir
Published: January 2023

In construction, additive manufacturing (AM) can be used to create structural or non-structural elements, such as frameworks, reinforcement, or panels. However, AM technology still requires enhancements for the mechanical response of final 3D printed elements to accommodate the mechanical needs of structural components. This paper evaluates various AM process parameters and bioinspired printing patterns to improve the mechanical performance of 3D printed polymeric elements. AM processes, including printing speed and nozzle diameter, are studied. Bioinspired patterns, including Bouligand-like, alternating, sinusoidal, grid, triangular, and hexagonal, are investigated and compared to simple parallel patterns. Results of this study suggest that the mechanical behavior of 3D printed elements can be significantly enhanced by optimizing the printing speed and nozzle diameter. Incorporating bioinspired architectures in AM, such as the Bouligand pattern, are shown to enhance mechanical performance. Slower speeds and larger nozzle diameters result in higher tensile strength. Continuous and twisting patterns yield more ductility, while patterns parallel to the direction of the tensile test result in higher strengths. Microscopic images from the fracture surface indicate that a larger nozzle diameter enhances intra- and interlayer bonding between consequent printed layers. Additionally, more complex crack propagation is observed in twisting patterns with enhanced elongation before total failure. It is also observed that there is an optimal time of exposure to high temperature for deposited materials during AM to improve bonding between adjacent beads. Bioinspired patterns help maintain higher ductility with similar strength despite encompassing higher porosity than parallel patterns, which could be advantageous for material optimization purposes. The bioinspired 3D printed polymeric elements showed tensile properties higher than those of plain polymer filament. The outcome of this study can help optimize both the process and the architecture of 3D printed elements to enhance their mechanical properties to be used as reinforcing elements for reinforced concrete applications.
THE EFFECT OF NORTH AMERICA MARKET INDICES AGAINST THE STOCK PRICES IN THE TECHNOLOGY SECTOR OF BURSA MALAYSIA
Authors: Yeoh Wee Win  , Veera Pandiyan Kaliani Sundram
Published: January 2023

This study aims to explore the impact of the North American market indices against the movement of the stock prices within the technology sector in Bursa Malaysia. The research was motivated by the problem statement where the research identifies the validity of the concept to verify the presence of the relationship between the technology stock prices in Bursa Malaysia against the market indices of North America. The study aims to provide the positive implication for the academic study in providing additional new knowledge and reference towards the academia, and at the same time delivering the understanding towards the business technology industry in Malaysia in predicting the future performance of the business in alignment with the movement of the market indices in North America. The literature showed a strong suggestion of a positive relationship in which the movement of the technology stock prices in Bursa Malaysia will be in a similar direction to the movement of the market indices of North America. The research adopted the quantitative method as the main data collection. The technology sector stock prices in Bursa Malaysia and market indices of North America data were collected from July 2012 to June 2021 using purposive sampling to ensure the significant market indices are being included in the research. The significance of the study could narrow down the gap in the literature, as well as contribute to the industry and investors to be optimistic or pessimistic towards the expectations of the stock prices movement in the technology sector in Bursa Malaysia. The outcome of the research will assist investors to make better investment decisions and corporate management to forecast the business opportunity.
DETERMINANTS OF TAX COMPLIANCE INTENTION: A REVIEW OF NON-ECONOMIC FACTORS
Authors: Noral Hidayah Alwi  , Zahir Osman  , Sellywati Faizal
Published: January 2023

Taxes are the primary source of income for the government. Tax collection is the most reliable method of fostering national development. In order to collect the correct amount of total national tax income, taxpayer compliance must occur. Because of this, any kind of tax non-compliance activity could result in large losses for the government. Tax compliance issues have received a lot of attention from scholars over the past few decades due to the pressing requirement to make sure that the tax revenue is sufficient to cover the budgeted national spending. This prompted thorough and in-depth examinations that exposed various viewpoints. Based on this, this research study examines the prior literature on the non-economic factors of tax compliance issues in order to emphasise the scope, methodology, and models employed by earlier researchers in order to identify research gaps and suggest those for future studies. Previous research's scope, geographic location, theories/models, and technique were all analysed to help with understanding the topic at hand. The report has also highlighted and made recommendations for important areas where future research should focus. Finally, it has identified the patterns of earlier studies with reference to these three elements.
REVIEWING FOOD SECURITY ON PADDY PRODUCTION: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER
Authors: Syahmi Makhtar  , Irwan Shah Zainal Abidin  , Rabiul Islam
Published: January 2023

This study examines the literature on food security concerning paddy production, focusing on food security indicators to overcome food insecurity and lower paddy productivity. The purpose of this study is to perform a comprehensive review of the development of the conceptual framework for food security in paddy production and grasping the problems in paddy production and its impact on food security. The review indicates the flow from the national level to individuals may get information on food security challenges, with a particular emphasis on our staple foods, while also protecting the environment to achieve sustainable development. In addition, the key concerns and strategic initiatives of food security as a field and future research directions are discussed. Finally, the food security indicators for sustainable development goals were briefly reviewed.
Examination of the Marriage Expectations and Gender Role Attitudes
Authors: ÜNAL-KARAGÜVEN Meşküre Hülya , BAL Saliha Fatma
Published: January 2023

Family is the basic unit of society One of the prominent concepts is the marital expectation in this time when changes in urbanization life and gender roles are inevitable. Studies on marriage expectancy are limited in the literature. This is an original study that deals with the interaction between marital expectations and gender role attitudes. In this study, the relationship between gender role attitudes and marriage expectation in married and single individuals was examined. In addition, the differences of the expectations from marriage and gender role attitudes with some demographic variables (number of children, gender, marital status, age, education level and income level) were also examined. To collect data a "Questionnaire", "Marriage Expectation Scale", "Gender Roles Scale" were used. Data were collected online. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical techniques were used. Correlation and regression analyzes were also conducted to reveal the relationship between gender roles and marriage expectation. According to the research findings, there is a significant and positive relationship between marriage expectation and gender role attitudes. As a result, it was determined that the egalitarian gender role significantly explained a part of the marriage expectation. It has been suggested to carry out similar studies on the subject.