bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the mechanism of defect formation on reinforcements in multi-strain rolling with separation.
Authors: Sutkovenko E. S. , Voznaya V. I. , Vedeneev A. V.
Published: November 2023

In the production of rolled metal products, along with physical and mechanical properties, much attention is paid to the quality of the surface. Proper surface quality of rolled rebar provides not only the presentation of products, but also high performance properties of products ‒ long-term trouble-free operation of reinforced concrete structures. In order to increase production volumes and increase the productivity of mills, most manufacturers of rebar of small profiles No. 8‒22 use rolling with separation into several threads ‒ the slitting process. With the slitting process, most surface defects are formed near or in the thread separation area. The correct classification of defects and the establishment of the nature of their formation is a very important stage necessary for the analysis of production technology and the development of measures to improve product quality. The paper studies in detail the mechanism of formation of surface defects on reinforcement No. 12 of steel grade 25Mn2Si during rolling with separation into four threads.
Influence of low temperatures and the limited consumption of lime on the operation of sinter machines at the SP-5 of PJSC MMK in winter conditions
Authors: Gushchin D. N. , Frolov Yu. A. , Chukin D. M. , Kotyshev V. E.
Published: November 2023

Lime is the only additive that has shown high efficiency in the sinter production due to the double effect on the sintering process: improving the granulation of the mix and its heating. At the sinter plant No. 5 of PJSC “MMK”, a rational ratio was established between the lime consumption of 0‒10 mm fraction supplied to the closed blending storage of mono-mix, and a fraction of 0‒3 mm, supplied to the charge room after its additional blending arrangement. During the previous research period (November 2022), the air temperature in blending storage did not fall below 6 °С, and the moisture of iron ore raw materials was maintained at the level of 3.5‒4.0%. It was recommended in winter conditions to supply lime with a fraction of 0‒3 mm to the mix department in the amount of 3% in relation to the concentrate, and the rest of the lime with a fraction of 0‒10 mm to the blending storage. In December of 2022 after the previous experiments the air temperature dropped to ‒25 °С. It was necessary to additionally estimate the minimum content of lime fraction 0‒10 mm in iron one concentrate in the storage, preventing its freezing. In this study, it was found that a decrease in air temperature over several days to ‒25 °С with a lime fraction of 0‒10 mm in the blending storage in relation to the concentrate of only 1.5% did not cause problems with flow ability and intake of iron ore con-centrate. In addition, after the start-up of sinter plant No. 5, the lime content in relation to the concentrate consumption was maintained about 5%, and the effect of its consumption on the productivity of sinter machines was not determined. As installed the decrease in productivity of sinter machines, as a result of a break due to frost in the supply of the rest of the lime by pneumatic transport to the mix department, was 12%. The influence of the basicity of iron ore on the degree of removal of sulfate sulfur in the sintering of charge was also clarified
Thermal diffusion chroming of complex shape steel parts using a thermoemission field
Authors: Shaburova N. A.
Published: November 2023

Chemical-thermal treatment (CHT) technologies have been known and used since the 50s of the last century. CHT methods traditionally include carburizing, nitriding, diffusion metallization with zinc, chromium and other elements. CHT affects the chemical composition of the part surface, providing it with the required level of strength properties and corrosion resistance. The results of the authors' research show that the CHT technology and thermal diffusion chromium plating, in particular, can be significantly improved by activating the work of the internal thermionic field created by additives-emitters of electrons and oxygen anions in the saturating powder mixture. The correct choice of emitter additives allows not only to accelerate the diffusion of chromium, but also ensures such a technological prop-erty of the filling as good knockout of parts. The paper presents the results of thermal diffusion chromium plating of bushings with an inner diameter of 20 mm made of steel 40CrNiMo2 in saturating mixtures with serpentine and serpen-tine and coarse-grained ferro-tungsten powder as emitter additives. The efficiency of using such saturating mixtures is confirmed by the increased diffusion layer of chromium in the metal compared to chromium plating in traditional satu-rating mixtures by 60 and 130%, respectively, for a mixture with the addition of serpentine and a mixture with serpen-tine and ferrotungsten. The expediency of using mixtures of such compositions for chromium plating of complex-shaped parts is shown, and the use of coarse-grained ferrotungsten powder ensures its multiple use. The results of X-ray phase analysis of chromium-plated surfaces and measurements of their hardness are also presented
Systemic hypotension and low perfusion pressure as risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma progression
Authors:   Volgograd Branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Мyakonkaya O.S. , Sarkisyan A.S. ,   Volgograd Branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Seleznev A.V. ,   Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation, Kuroyedov A.V. ,   Mandryka Central Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Brezhnev A.Yu. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

Glaucoma progression is still a relevant issue in up-to-date ophthalmology. An important prerequisite for stabilizing glaucoma is the achievement of the target intraocular pressure (IOP). However, many patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) continue to suffer vision loss despite IOP reduction. Additional factors are also important for glaucoma progression, e.g., blood pressure (BP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP). Multiple published data have shown a decrease in blood flow velocity in the retrobulbar vessels, choroid, retina, and optic nerve in patients with glaucoma. A decrease in OPP is a predictor of insufficient intraocular blood supply. Systemic BP has a strong effect on OPP. Intensive treatment for hypertension significantly reduces BP, decreases OPP, and prevents the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. A new paradigm shift that implies a personalized approach to the choice of diagnostic and treatment strategy for glaucoma is emerging. This paper reviews current published data on the effect of systemic hypotension and low OPP on POAG progression. KEYWORDS: glaucoma, intraocular pressure, blood pressure, hypertension, hypotension, perfusion pressure. FOR CITATION: Мyakonkaya O.S., Sarkisyan A.S., Seleznev A.V., Kuroyedov A.V., Brezhnev A.Yu. Systemic hypotension and low perfusion pressure as risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma progression. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(4):202–206 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-4-5.
Perspectives of proteomic analysis in ophthalmology
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Krylova A.A. , Zakharchuk A.V. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Krivosheina O.I. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Pekov S.I. ,   Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technologies, Skolkovo, Russian Federation,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Popov I.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

This paper reviews the perspectives of proteomic analysis of tear and aqueous humor to determine biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of eye disorders. The methodology of sample collection and the advantages and disadvantages of the available methods are discussed in detail. The results of proteomic mapping of tear and aqueous humor in dry eye disease, keratoconus, glaucoma, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy are described. The association between the levels of identified proteins and their role in triggering pathological processes, e.g., oxidative stress with autophagy (and, as a result, tissue dystrophy), initiation of inflammation, and impairment of metabolic processes at the molecular level with activation of pathological proteolysis (that ultimately lead to cellular and tissue changes with the development of the above-mentioned diseases) are of particular importance. This paper also emphasizes the practical relevance of using proteomics to study the pathogenesis of eye diseases, which implies determining the association between genotype and phenotype of a patient in clinical practice with further treatment personalization. Proteomics also provides an early noninvasive diagnosis of socially significant eye diseases. KEYWORDS: proteomic analysis, tear, aqueous humor, mass spectrometry, eye disorders. FOR CITATION: Krylova A.A., Zakharchuk A.V., Krivosheina O.I., Pekov S.I., Popov I.A. Perspectives of proteomic analysis in ophthalmology. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(4):213–218 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-4-7.
Salidroside Enhances Aerobic Swimming to Improve Oxidative Aging Induced by D-Galactose in Mice
Authors: ZHANG JING , DAI XIANKUN , WANG MENGWEI , SONG JING , LONG XINGYAO , QIAN YU , Zhao Xin
Published: November 2023

This study observed the effect of salidroside on improving oxidative aging induced by D-galactose in mice by enhancing aerobic swimming. In this study, the oxidative aging model of mice was established by D-galactose, and the changes of organ index, histopathological changes, and mRNA expression in serum and tissue of oxidative aging mice after aerobic swimming and aerobic swimming+salidroside were detected. The results showed that aerobic swimming and aerobic swimming+salidroside inhibited the decline of heart index, liver index, spleen index and kidney index caused by oxidative aging in mice. Aerobic swimming and aerobic swimming+salidroside increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione (GSH) in serum, liver and spleen of oxidative aging mice, and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). The study also found that aerobic swimming and aerobic swimming+salidroside can reduce the damage of oxidative aging to liver and spleen tissues. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed that aerobic swimming and aerobic swimming+salidroside could up-regulate the mRNA expression of CAT, GSH, Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD and GSH-PX in mouse liver tissue. The results showed that aerobic swimming could effectively inhibit the oxidative aging of mice induced by D-galactose, and the effect of aerobic swimming+salidroside was better than that of aerobic swimming alone. It can be seen that salidroside can enhance the improvement of aerobic swimming on oxidative aging and can be used as a sports supplement.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Screening of Cefradine Schiff Bases and Their Metal Salts
Authors: Ali Mohsin , Abid Obaid-ur-Rahman , Rehman Wajid , Shahid Muhammad , Shumaila Shumaila , Khan Hifza
Published: November 2023

A series of Schiff bases(3-8) were synthesized by the reaction of cefradine with six different aldehydes/ketones. These Schiff bases(3-8) were treated with different bases/salt (NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Ag(NO)3) to get their metal salts. Structures of the products were ascertained by spectroscopic data. The synthesized compounds were tested for biological activities against _Staphylococcus aureus_(gram positive bacterium) and _Escherichia coli_(gram negative bacterium). In general low activities of most of the synthesized compounds were observed in comparison to cefradine which can be linked to unavailability of free amino group of cefradine by its involvement in synthesis of imine derivatives.
A Dynamic Model for an Optimal Consumption Tax Rate
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Ashfaq , Nawaz Nasreen
Published: November 2023

Following Ramsey, the existing literature on optimal taxation only compares the pre and the post-tax market equilibriums in order to account for the efficiency losses. However, when the government imposes an ad valorem tax on the consumer, the buyer's price jumps to the pre-tax equilibrium price plus the amount of the tax, and the supply and the demand of the taxed commodity then adjust over time to bring the new post-tax market equilibrium. The existing literature does not take into account the efficiency losses during the adjustment process while computing the optimal ad valorem taxes. This paper shows how adjustment process influences the optimal ad valorem taxes, minimizing the efficiency losses (output and/ or consumption lost) during the dynamic adjustment process as well as the post-tax market equilibrium. (JEL H20, H21, H22)
A Policy Dialogue for Nutrition of Women and Adolescent Girls: Sustainable Development Goals Matters Arising
Authors: Desie Samson , Madichie Nnamdi O.
Published: November 2023

Malnutrition among adolescent girls and women in Rwanda requires a multisectoral approach across all systems and sectors throughout their lifecycles. This policy dialogue document emphasizes the importance of progress on nutrition for overall sustainable development in the country. The study provides a call to action to tackle these “wicked problems” and highlights the implications for the UN sustainable development goals. Positioned as a practitioner/ academic paper, the implications go well beyond three SDGs (i.e., SDG2, SDG3, SDG5 and SDG17).
Post-Pandemic Reflections from Sub-Saharan Africa: What We Know Now That We Wish We Knew Then
Authors: Oleribe Obinna O. , Taylor-Robinson Simon D. , Taylor-Robinson Andrew W.
Published: November 2023

The commonly heard aphorism about history repeating itself suggests an endless cycle of recurring events. However, George Santayana offered a similar sentiment when he said, "Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it". This emphasizes that the responsibility for the recurrence of events lies not with history itself, but with humanity. It underscores that if we desire change, it is our responsibility to initiate it, rather than attributing it to external forces such as fate, luck, or time. With this thought in mind, here we offer a narrative view from sub-Saharan Africa, focusing primarily on our own experiences in Nigeria and Uganda, on what harsh lessons can be learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic regarding emergency preparedness to respond effectively to the next major infectious disease outbreak. Four strategies are suggested, the implementation of which may contribute substantially to safeguarding against an experience similar to the catastrophic public health, social and economic costs borne by African nations during COVID-19 and in its immediate aftermath.
A Socio-Historical Look at Agricultural Policy Reform in Benin (West Africa) since 1960: A Literature Review
Authors: Sossou Romeo , Nassi Karl Martial , Hinnou Léonard Cossi
Published: November 2023

Since Benin’s accession to national sovereignty and its entry into the market economy, the governance of the agricultural sector has undergone major transformations to meet the challenges it faces. These changes have led to the experimentation of various developmental approaches to the dominant ideology of each period. However, the various agricultural policies initiated by the government seem to have led to inconclusive results in terms of boosting the Beninese agricultural sector. Here, we critically analyze Benin’s agricultural reforms from 1960 to the present by reviewing the available literature on the subject. The results show that the main changes identified relate to the alignment of agricultural policies with the directives of external powers and national orientations, as well as an overhaul of the sector’s governance structures. Recently, the institutional reforms undertaken have essentially been summarized in the territorialization of agricultural development, the rationalization of the institutional landscape, and the liberalization of advisory services. However, the agricultural sector is still characterized by a certain immobility despite the claimed reforms with an apparent participatory approach to its governance. The effective consideration of the aspirations of all stakeholders in the implementation of reforms is key to ensuring ownership of agricultural policies.
Banco de la República: cien años de patrimonio y cultura
Authors: Villar-Gómez Leonardo , Tognato Carlo , Uribe-Villegas María Alicia , Londoño-Laverde Eduardo , García Botero Héctor Andrés , Roda-Fornaguera Ana Aurelia , Camargo-Gómez Ana María , de Brigard-Pérez Alberto , Navarro-González Julián , Wills-Londoño María , García-Isaza María , Castañeda-Galeano Sigrid , Langebaek-Rueda Andrés , Barona-Tovar Fernando , Concha-Roldán Sandra Milena , Roberto-Ortiz Enríquez , Suárez Juan Luis , Mejía-Castrillón Viviana , Arias Andrés Felipe
Published: November 2023

El Banco de la República conmemora en 2023 un siglo de existencia. Pocos años después de su apertura comenzó su relación con la cultura, cuando en 1939, por solicitud del Ministerio de Educación, adquirió una pieza de oro para evitar que saliera del país: el Poporo Quimbaya. Así se inició una relación de mutuo beneficio entre la función misional de banco central y la gestión patrimonial, vínculo indisoluble que le ha permitido al Emisor trabajar en cuatro líneas de acción: arte, bibliotecas, museos del oro y labor musical, definidas por las colecciones que ha forjado a través de los años. Este libro registra parte de la memoria de cómo se fue gestando y madurando este proceso cultural, gracias a la visión de las directivas a lo largo de estas décadas, profundizada y desarrollada por el trabajo técnico, administrativo y de apoyo de cientos de personas. Ver materializada una red de infraestructura física, tecnológica y de servicios, que hoy se extiende a 29 ciudades del país, orientada a la preservación del patrimonio nacional con un enfoque diferencial, es quizás la mejor forma de celebrar este centenario, y el incentivo primordial para seguir trabajando comprometidamente para que este acervo cultural de Colombia pueda ser disfrutado por las generaciones futuras.
Beneficios socio-comunitarios y limitaciones de la agricultura urbana
Authors: Papanek Alicia , Campbell Catherine G. , Wooten Hannah , Diaz John , Caicedo Zapata Valeria
Published: November 2023

Esta publicación proporciona una visión general de los beneficios de la producción urbana de alimentos, junto con los posibles desafíos que pueden limitar el éxito de estas operaciones. Este documento está dirigido a miembros de la comunidad, desarrolladores de tierras urbanas, organizaciones comunitarias, agentes de Extensión, funcionarios del gobierno local, organizaciones sin fines de lucro y agricultores urbanos. Los lectores pueden usar este documento para examinar cómo los proyectos e iniciativas de agricultura urbana podrían integrarse mejor en sus comunidades, y para tomar conciencia de los peligros comunes asociados al desarrollo y mantenimiento de los esfuerzos de la agricultura urbana.
Citrus Fruit Pigments
Authors: Habibi Fariborz , Sarkhosh Ali , Kim Jeongim , Shahid Muhammad , Gmitter Fred , Brecht Jeffrey
Published: November 2023

Citrus fruits enjoy popularity among consumers due to their enjoyable flavor, health-beneficial properties, and nutritional value. The peel and flesh pigmentation of different citrus species and cultivars ranges from green, to yellow, orange, pink and red. Pigmentation is influenced by genetics, environmental conditions, and tree management. Mature fruit of edible citrus are diverse in size, flavor, and peel and flesh color. The external color of citrus fruits is one of their most important quality characteristics, but the internal pigments also play a significant role in determining their health benefits. The edible part of citrus fruits, including sweet orange, mandarin, pummelo, grapefruit, lime, and lemon, has distinct attributes and pigments.
Smartphone Photography to Communicate Science
Authors: Lundy Lisa K.
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the important role that photographs play in science communication. Tips are given for enhancing photography using smartphones.
In memoriam, Evgueni Larin.
Authors:   Institute of the World History of the Russian Academy of Science., Ivanov Nikolai
Published: November 2023

In memoriam, Evgueni Larin.
A Byzantine Context of the Information about Prince Vladimir in the Chronicle of Thietmar of Merseburg: “Lumbare Venereum” and the Motive of the “Girded Loins”
Authors:   State Historical and Archaeological Museum-Preserve “Tauric Chersonese”, Romensky Aleksandr A.
Published: November 2023

The paper discusses the information about Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich, contained in the Chronicle of Thietmar of Merseburg (VII. 74). The heterogeneity of the sources used by Thietmar to create the image of Vladimir seems to be the most probable. The historical con-text of Thietmar’s messages is analyzed; a new translation of the Chronicle’s fragment is presented. The “lumbare venereum” seems to be a loincloth or belt, not originally intended to aggravate the prince's vicious inclinations. Thietmar’s perception of this accessory is ex-plained by polemics with the established traditions of Byzantine religiosity and ritual cul-ture. The motive of “girding loins” was significant for the religious consciousness of the Byz-antines; this Gospel prescription was often taken literally. Girding in the Byzantine Church was prescribed not only for monks, but also for the laity. The literal perception of the moral norms of the Gospel should have been typical for Prince Vladimir as a newly converted Christian.
Jordanes’ Getica and the Antiquarian Tradition of the Late Antiquity
Authors:   European University at St. Petersburg, Bespalchikova Yana E.
Published: November 2023

The main issue of the paper is the specific features of the space and the time in their inter-relation (chronotope) in the ethno-geographical part of Jordanes’ Getica. The analysis of these features is provided with the compresence of Getica with some similar texts, mainly with the texts of the antiquarian tradition of the Late Antiquity written by Aulus Gellius, Di-odorus Siculus, Hesychius of Miletus, John the Lydian and John Malalas. This kind of narra-tives is characterized by (1) the specific chronotope of no timeline markers or space markers instead of them, (2) the polyphony of traditions, which allows to combine characters of dif-ferent origins and registers within one narrative, (3) the euhemerismю equalizing the myth-ological and epic figures with the historical ones, and (4) the interest in outstanding phe-nomena. The comprehension of Jordanes’ text as a part of the antiquarian tradition can ex-plain some features of Getica which were previously considered to be the consequences of the shortening of the Cassiodorus’ text, which Jordanes worked with, or of Jordanes’ lack of education.
The Miracles of St Artemios: Literary Techniques and Readers
Authors:   independent researcher, Mantova Yulia B.
Published: November 2023

The Collection of Miraсles of St Artemios is well-known as a unique historical and literary source, but it still seems to offer further opportunities for research in literary perspective. So, the present paper focuses mainly on versatile literary devices which guarantee the grip-ping character of the tales. The plot of each story manages to maintain a sense of surprise, to hold the reader/listener’s attention, and to convey a sense of believability and compassion for the hero before the final sigh of relief in admiration at the excellence of God. Achieving such an effect is a somewhat challenging task, particularly when we take into consideration the fact that all the stories are based on the same fabula. In almost all tales, a suffering per-son seeks for healing from Artemios before finally receiving the treatment that he desires. So, from the very beginning we are basically aware of both the problem which triggers the narrative and how the story will end. However, none of the stories repeats the other com-pletely. The effect is achieved due to a number of reasons. In this article, we touch upon the issues of plot construction and intrigue, however, the main attention is paid to the psycho-logical motivation of the characters and how different literary techniques could interact with the reader.
Calculation of a cavitation device for industrial water treatment
Authors: Prokhasko L. S.
Published: November 2023

Relevance. Currently, the issue of preventing pollution of the hydrosphere by industrial wastewater, the use of new effective technologies for industrial water purification and its reuse in production is extremely acute. In this regard, the urgent tasks are the search and implementation of new methods of water treatment: innovative technologies, disinfection and desalination of water, methods of its reuse.

Methods. The article proposes a new technology for water treatment – the cavitation effect on the flow is enhanced by the shock effect of a pressure surge, which makes it possible to suppress the vital activity of microorganisms in the water. On the basis of the developed workflow, its mathematical model and the author’s methodology, calculations were made for three hydrodynamic cavitation devices with a pressure jump in order to disintegrate sulfate-reducing bacteria in industrial waters.

Results. In accordance with the terms of reference (nominal fluid flow Q, nominal absolute pressure before installation P1, allowable pressure drop on the device ΔP, nominal fluid temperature t, physical properties of the medium) based on the proposed working process of a hydrodynamic cavitation device that forms a supersonic flow with a transition to subsonic through a pressure jump, an appropriate mathematical model and an adequate technique, the regime and geometric parameters of three pilot samples of hydrodynamic cavitation devices designed to destructurize sulfate-reducing bacteria in industrial waters were calculated. In order to form a supersonic flow in the installation under sufficiently strict conditions for ensuring permissible pressure drops, a nozzle was profiled with a minimum drag coefficient along the Vitashinsky curve. Industrial testing of cavitation devices showed good convergence of theoretical and experimental data: the suppression of bacteria was carried out by 80–100%.
Influence of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators on soybean yield under the conditions of Primorsky Kray
Authors: Dubkov A. A. , Timoshinov R. V. , Kushaeva E. Zh. , Klykov A. G.
Published: November 2023

Relevance. In 2021–2022, in Primorsky Krai (Timiryazevsky village), the influence of foliar top dressing Zn, Cu, Mg in chelated form («Terra Master» LLC, Russia), monokalium phosphate («Buisk Chemical Plant», JSC) was studied on the experimental fields of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry of the A.K. Chaika Federal State Research Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Far East, Russia), B (boric acid) («Delta» LLC, Russia), liquid micronutrients («Agro Expert Group» LLC, Russia), Boro-N, Fertix B, Potassium Lignohumate B for crop formation and protein content in soy beans of the Breeze variety.

Methods. The treatment of crops with micro fertilizers was carried out in the phase of «2–3 triple leaves» and in the phase of «flowering» in the recommended norms.

Results. It was found that the use of non-root fertilizing affected economically valuable signs. The highest yield when applying non-root fertilizing was noted in the variant with the introduction of Zn 31.2 c/ha in the phase «2–3 triple leaves», Boron-H 37.0 c/ha in the phase «flowering». Non-root top dressing had a positive effect on the accumulation of protein in soy grain. The maximum protein collection from 1 ha was obtained when using Boro-N in the flowering phase – 2.96 t/ha.
ЕКОНОМІЧНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СТАТУСУ КАНДИДАТА НА ЧЛЕНСТВО В ЄВРОСОЮЗІ
Authors: Шинкар Віктор , Теплова Людмила
Published: November 2023

У статті аналізуються політико-економічні проблеми України, пов’язані з реалізацією статусу кандидата на членство в ЄС. Перехідний період для кожної країни передбачає здійснення політичних і економічних реформ. Особливістю для України є те, що реформування здійснюється в умовах російської воєнної агресії. На специфіку цього факту, авторами звернута особлива увага. У червні 2022 року Україна отримала статус кандидата на членство в Євросоюзі. Це ставить перед нашою країною ряд нових проблем з реформування національного законодавства у плані його входження у європейський інтеграційний простір. Для початку переговорів про вступ Україна повинна виконати 7 критеріїв кандидата. Після чого відбудуться переговори про безпосереднє приєднання до Євросоюзу. Автори аналізують виконання обов’язкових критеріїв, їх особливості і можливі перспективи та вважають, що реформи продовжаться і надалі, до і після початку переговорів про членство в ЄС.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЛІТЕРАТУРОЗНАВЧОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ ОПРАЦЮВАННЯ МІФІВ НА УРОКАХ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОГО ЧИТАННЯ
Authors: ІВАНОВА Лідія
Published: November 2023

У статті розглядаються актуальні питання навчання літературного читання, які тісно пов’язані з методикою опрацювання літературних творів на уроці читання, а саме міфів. Подано літературознавчу та методичну інформацію для учителя, знання якої дасть змогу впливати на ефективність уроку літературного читання через професійно організовану літературознавчу діяльність молодших школярів у процесі опрацювання міфів. З’ясовано термінологічну сутність жанру міф та його жанрову специфіку, програмові вимоги, визначено конкретні методичні прийоми та практичні форми роботи на уроці літературного читання. З’ясовано, що літературознавча діяльність учнів у ході опрацювання міфу спрямована на розвиток умінь самостійно визначати, усвідомлювати його жанрові особливості, виокремлювати структурні частини, визначати таємничі, зачаровані, незвичайні місця, предмети, істоти, надзвичайну силу, дивовижні перетворення персонажів, аналізувати їхні вчинки, мотиви. Нами визначено зміст та особливості літературознавчої діяльності на уроці літероатурного читання: – ознайомлення учнів з міфами, недостатньо представленими у читанці, з метою розвитку інтересу і здатності до самостійної читацької діяльності; – оволодіння прийомами структурно-смислового, лінгвістичного, емоційно-образного аналізі тексту; – розвиток образного, критичного, логічного мислення та мовлення у процесі роботи з міфами; – формування умінь самостійної роботи з різними видами і джерелами інформації, прийомів роботи з періодичною, довідковою літературою для поглибленого усвідомлення змісту міфів; – розвиток уяви і здатності виявляти себе у різних видах творчої діяльності.
A randomised crossover trial of tezacaftor-ivacaftor for gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes.
Authors: Ng Christabella , Dellschaft Neele S , Hoad Caroline , Marciani Luca , Spiller Robin , Crooks Colin , Hill Trevor , Menys Alex , Mainz Jochen G , Barr Helen , Gowland Penny A. , Major Giles , Smyth Alan R
Published: November 2023

Background People with cystic fibrosis (CF) can experience recurrent chest infections, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and gastrointestinal symptoms. New cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator drugs improve lung function but gastrointestinal effects are unclear. We aimed to see if a CFTR modulator (tezacaftor-ivacaftor,TEZ/IVA) improves gastrointestinal outcomes in CF. Methods We conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover trial (2019-2020) at Nottingham University Hospitals. The effects of TEZ/IVA on gut physiology were measured using MRI. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment sequences AB or BA (A:TEZ/IVA, B:placebo, each 28 days), with a 28-day washout period. Participants had serial MRI scans at baseline and after 19-23 days of each treatment. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a protocol amendment allowed for observer-blind comparisons prior to and during TEZ/IVA. In such cases, participants were not blind to the treatment but researchers remained blind. The primary outcome was oro-caecal transit time (OCTT). Secondary outcomes included MRI metrics, symptoms and stool biomarkers. Results We randomised 13 participants. Before the COVID-19 pandemic 8 participants completed the full protocol and 1 dropped out. The remaining 4 participants followed the amended protocol. There were no significant differences between placebo and TEZ/IVA for OCTT (TEZ/IVA >360minutes [225,>360] vs. placebo 330minutes [285,>360], p=0.8) or secondary outcomes. There were no adverse events. Conclusions Our data contribute to a research gap in the extra-pulmonary effects of CFTR modulators. We found no effect after TEZ/IVA on MRI metrics of gut function, GI symptoms or stool calprotectin. Effects might be detectable with larger studies, longer treatment or more effective CFTR modulators. ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT04006873 (02/07/2019)
Babanzāde Aḥmed Na'īm’in İslam Savunusunun Temel Argümanları
Authors: ÇETİN Rabiye , CEYLAN Semra
Published: November 2023

Babanzāde Aḥmed Na'īm, (1872-1934) on dokuzuncu yüzyılın son çeyreği ile yirminci yüzyılın ilk yarısında yaşamış, dil, felsefe, psikoloji, aḫlāk ve ḥadīs alanlarındaki çalışmalarıyla temayüz etmiş müderris, mütercim ve düşünürdür. Osmanlı entelektüelleri arasında mektep ve medrese çatışmasının yoğun olarak yaşandığı bir dönemde mektep mezunu olup medrese ilimlerini de tahsil eden Babanzāde, İslam kültürünün yanı sıra dönemin modern kültürüne de vakıftır. Aḥmed Naīm, Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyete geçiş sürecine tanıklık etmesinin yanı sıra Osmanlı’nın son dönemleri ile Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki modernleşmenin doğası, sınırları ve muhtemel etkileri bağlamında yaşanan yoğun fikri tartışmalara görüşleri ile katkı sağlamıştır. İslam savunusu temelinde serdettiği bu görüşlerinde; dinî, ahlaki ve kültürel değerlerden uzaklaşmadan Batı’nın sunduğu ilmi ve fennî imkanlardan faydalanmayı esas almıştır. Bununla birlikte Babanzāde, tarihsel süreçte ilim, fen, felsefe, sanat gibi alanlardaki çalışmaları ile çığır açan ve bir medeniyet inşa eden Müslümanların bugün geldikleri noktayı eleştirerek geçmiş ile yaşanılan çağ arasındaki büyük uçuruma dikkat çekmiş; bu bağlamda İslam’a yöneltilen eleştirilere cevap niteliğinde savunu metinleri yazmıştır. Bu makale, Babanzāde’nin düşünsel arka planını dikkate alarak İslam savunusuna dair görüşlerini sistematik bir şekilde tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede Aḥmed Naīm’in İslam savunusunun merkezinde, fıtrat dini olarak gördüğü İslam’ın sunduğu evrensel değerler ile Batı’nın kültürel hegemonyasının dayattığı değerlerin kıyaslanması ve Batı değerlerinin taklit edilmesine yönelik eleştirileri bulunmaktadır. O, bazı Müslüman aydın ve bürokratların İslam toplumunun içinde bulunduğu ahvalden kurtuluşu için önerdikleri Batı/Frenk taklitçiliğini, Müslümanların selameti için bir çıkış yolu olarak görmediği gibi toplumsal fesadın temel saiki kabul etmektedir. Makalede, Babanzāde’nin İslam savunusunda hareket noktası olarak İslam’ın evrensel ilkeler içeren, akli, ahlaki, tutarlı ve ekmel bir din olduğu düşüncesini kabul ettiği, İslam toplumunun kurtuluşunu da bu ekmel dinin ilkelerine kesin bir dönüşe bağlı gördüğü tespit edilmiştir.
ALCHORNEA CORDIFOLIA: ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y TOXICIDAD
Authors: Morales Abdy , Mero Aldahir , Díaz Maricselis , Morán-Pinzón Juan , Samba Nsevolo , Rodilla Jesús , Guerrero De León Estela
Published: November 2023

Alchornea cordifolia es una importante droga cruda en el sistema indígena africano para el tratamiento del dolor. Por lo tanto, hemos decidido determinar la actividad antioxidante y el perfil de toxicidad de los extractos obtenidos utilizando disolventes con diferente polaridad (hexano, acetona y etanol) y diferentes partes de la planta (hojas, corteza y raíces). Para determinar la actividad antioxidante se utilizaron concentraciones entre (0,48-125 μg/ml) frente a: DPPH, óxido nítrico (NO·), anión superóxido no enzimático (●O2−), TBARS, mientras que la toxicidad se evaluó mediante el bioensayo con el modelo Artemia salina.Frente a DPPH, los extractos de hojas, raíces y corteza obtenidos con etanol y acetona desarrollaron actividad antirradical entre 70 y 80%, muy similares a nuestro estándar quercetina (77,9±4,4%). A bajas concentraciones, los extractos obtenidos de la raíz muestran una actividad antirradical frente al NO· entre 50 y 60%, próxima a la registrada por Quercetina (74,8±3,5%). Los extractos obtenidos de la corteza mostraron una actividad significativa frente a ●O2− (Hex=61,6%, Acet=61,2% y Eta=50,1%), muy similar a Quercetina (53,0±0,8%). La formación de TBARS fue inhibida significativamente por los extractos etanólico y acetónico de las hojas (95,5% y 94,6%, respectivamente), y se observó un efecto similar con la Curcumina (97,2%). Al evaluar la toxicidad de los extractos a una concentración de 1000 μg/ml, observamos que los obtenidos de las hojas mostraron el mayor % de letalidad (Hex=88%; Acet=76%; Eta=42%).A. cordifolia es una planta con interés biológico, cuyas actividades antioxidantes y perfil toxicológico fueron descritas en este estudio.
Aislamiento, e identificación de Amebas de Vida Libre de unidades dentales y aires acondicionados de una Clínica Odontológica. Fase II
Authors: Castillo Mabel , Gómez Tania , Ying Argentina
Published: November 2023

Las amebas de vida libre (AVL) son protozoosde amplia distribución ambiental, reportados principalmente en agua, suelos, ductos y biofilms . Algunas especies de los generos Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, Balamuthia y Sappinia, son anfizoicas y pueden causar patologías como la meningoencefalitis amebiana primaria (PAM), Encefalitis granulosa amebiana (EGA), y queratitis amebiana en humanos y animales. Aún cuando los casos de infección con AVL patogénicas son de muy baja frecuencia o baja morbilidad, su alta mortalidad representa un riesgo potencial en ambientes en los que hay intervenciones clínicas con procesos invasivos, o pacientes inmunocomprometidos. La presencia de AVLes de esperarse en cualquier ambiente húmedo, sin embargo, es importante determinar si representan un riesgo para la salud humana. En un estudio previo se aislaron AVL en unidades dentales y aires acondicionados de una clínica odontológica, que solo fueron identificadas morfologicamente en el genero Acanthamoeba. Estas amebas se mantuvieron en el cepario del Departamento de Microbiología de la Facultad de Medicina..En la fase II del estudio se procedio a la identificación molecular y fisico química de las amebas de vida libre que se mantuvieron en el cepario del departamento de Microbiología Humana durante la pandemia y a la determinación de los niveles de osmotolerncia y termotolerancia que presentaban . Molecularmente las AVL del cepario correspondireron al género Acanthamoeba. Las cuatro cepas fueron termotolerantes y no osmotolerantes. Este estudio representa el primer reporte de la presencia de amebas de vida libre en unidades dentales y aires acondicionados en Panamá.
Consumo de agua, energía y CO2 del hormigón según datos de empresas activas en Panamá
Authors: Lima Yamileth , Sulbarán Luis , Mack-Vergara Yazmin
Published: November 2023

Para obtener hormigón se requiere materias primas como agregados, cemento y agua para su mezcla. Además, en su proceso de producción demanda agua, energía y se emite CO2. Hasta el momento muy pocos estudios han evaluado estos aspectos ambientales de la producción de hormigón en Panamá, a pesar de que a nivel internacional ya se cuenta con iniciativas, bases de datos y publicaciones en este ámbito. El objetivo de esta investigación es levantar los datos publicados de consumo de agua, energía y emisiones de CO2 por empresas productoras de hormigón internacionales que actúen en Panamá a manera de línea base. Se realizó una revisión de reportes anuales, principalmente informes de sostenibilidad, considerando las empresas que tienen representación en Panamá. Dentro de estos reportes, se seleccionaron los datos de consumo específico de agua en litros de agua por metro cúbico de agua (L/m3); consumo específico de energía en kilovatios-hora por metro cúbico de hormigón (kW⋅h /m3); y emisiones de CO2 en kilogramos de dióxido de carbono por tonelada de producto cementicio (kg CO2/ton). Los datos publicados son el resultado del levantamiento comparativo de datos en distintas plantas de producción de tres empresas a nivel internacional, incluyendo 7 plantas de producción en Panamá. Estos datos son útiles como antecedentes para estudios de inventario de agua, energía y emisiones de CO2 del hormigón, huella hídrica y huella de carbono de la producción de hormigón en Panamá. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar un levantamiento de datos en Panamá que represente el contexto del país.
Enterocolite necrosante: Avaliação dos fatores de risco e de proteção de acordo com a gravidade e o desfecho da doença
Authors: Marcondes Maria Raquel Alvarenga , Machado Ana Paula Cézar , Bonella Gislaine Ferraresi , Pereira Janser Moura , Ferreira Daniela Marques Lima Mota , Azevedo Vivian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira , Abdallah Vânia Olivetti Steffen
Published: November 2023

Objetivos: Relacionar os fatores de risco e de proteção pré-natais e neonatais à gravidade e ao desfecho da Enterocolite Necrosante (ECN). Métodos: Foram elegíveis 88 recém-nascidos (RN) diagnosticados com ECN em um período de 10 anos retrospectivamente, sendo 11 excluídos. A gravidade da ECN foi classificada de acordo com os critérios de Bell et al. (1978) e os fatores de risco pré e pós-natais foram relacionados com os estágios de gravidade da doença e   óbito. Para análise de dados utilizou-se os testes Qui-quadrado, comparações múltiplas, Kruskal-Wallis e regressão logística. Resultados: Dos 77 casos avaliados, houve relação da gravidade com o tempo de oxigenoterapia, tempo de ventilação mecânica (VM), sepse precoce, uso de protetores da mucosa gástrica e à própria gravidade clínica do RN, representada pelo Score SNAPPE-II. O maior número de RN alimentados com leite humano encontrava-se no estágio I. O risco de óbito foi relacionado ao tempo de VM (p=0,049), sepse precoce (p=0,014), hipoglicemia (p=0,047) e as formas mais graves da ECN (estágio III versus I – odds ratio de 5,4 e valor-p=0,010). Conclusões: Os RN menores e mais graves evoluíram para os piores estágios da doença. A VM, sepse precoce, hipoglicemia e as formas mais graves da ECN foram os fatores relacionados ao óbito. Observou-se possível papel protetor do leite humano para o desenvolvimento dos estágios mais graves da ECN.
A liquidez das relações autênticas na era hipermoderna: Um estudo sobre a fragilidade dos vínculos humanos
Authors: Carballo Fábio Peron , Fonseca Ana Paula Matins
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A hipermodernidade é uma sociedade focada em prazer e bem-estar, amplificando os valores da modernidade, mas ao mesmo tempo, criando um mundo sem referências, vazio de significado e propósito. Nesse contexto de mudança, o individualismo contemporâneo, as alterações na intimidade e a fragilidade dos laços humanos na modernidade fluida, são explorados, visto as mudanças decorrentes das alterações sociorelacionais. Objetivo: o objetivo desse breve estudo é discutir como as transformações socioculturais da hipermodernidade, impactam as representações sociais sobre compromisso e responsabilidade nas relações humanas. Metodologia: revisão narrativa de literatura através de buscas nas bases de dados eletrônicas SCIELO e CAPES. Foi efetuada uma estratégia de busca utilizando os descritores, “hipermodernidade”, “Bauman”, “Lipovetsky” e “sociedade”. Foram incluídos neste estudo artigos completos e disponíveis on-line com abordagens sobre a hipermodernidade e seu impacto sobre compromisso e responsabilidade nas relações humanas, publicados no período entre 2013 e 2023, nos idiomas português e inglês. Foram excluídos artigos que não foram encontrados na íntegra, publicados há mais de dez anos e/ou publicados em outros idiomas. Resultados: a fluidеz е flеxibilidadе das rеlaçõеs sociais têm lеvado a uma diminuição do compromisso е da rеsponsabilidadе. Conclusão: as transformaçõеs socioculturais na hipеrmodеrnidadе têm rеdеfinido radicalmеntе as dinâmicas das rеlaçõеs humanas, minando as basеs tradicionais dе compromisso е rеsponsabilidadе.
A importância da educação nutricional para o desenvolvimento da criança na fase pré-escolar
Authors: Sanchez Alzineide Gomes da Cruz , Lima Gisele Viana , Freitas Francisca Marta Nascimento de Oliveira , Lobo Rosimar Honorato
Published: November 2023

A educação alimentar e nutricional se destaca como uma área de atuação de profissionais de nutrição no cenário escolar, a qual possui como principal vertente a promoção da saúde de discentes considerando seus conhecimentos acerca de alimentação e nutrição. Este estudo teve como objetivo geral identificar a importância da educação nutricional para o desenvolvimento pré-escolar. Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental nas plataformas Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs, com levantamento de estudos já realizados sobre o tema, foram selecionados 12 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade e aos objetivos da pesquisa. Enquanto resultados identificou-se que as metodologias mais eficazes de atuação junto a estudantes para a promoção de uma educação alimentar e nutricional se dão principalmente ao se aproximar da realidade do aluno, como estratégias de caráter lúdico, atividades de ordem prática, entre outros. Neste cenário foram apontadas elaboração de material concreto, construção de hortas comunitárias, realização de rodas de conversa e palestras dialogadas, como metodologias efetivas de alcance de uma educação alimentar e nutricional eficiente.
Mastite em caprinos leiteiros
Authors: Sousa Santyele de Araujo , Carvalho Thayane Santos de , Santos Isadora Oliveira Santiago dos , Pereira Kleber Alysson dos Santos , Silva Vanessa Bonfim da
Published: November 2023

A mastite é uma das principais enfermidades que acometem os caprinos, principalmente quando se trata de animais leiteiros. O principal objetivo dessa revisão, é trazer informações sobre mastite caprina, levando em consideração aspectos epidemiológicos, microbiológicos, sinais clínicos e formas de tratamento, com base em dados encontrados na literatura descrita, sendo trabalhos selecionados de acordo com o assunto abordado. A mastite pode ser causada por diversos agentes etiológicos, dentre eles se destacam Staphylococcus spp sendo o de maior importância. Diversos fatores podem desencadear a mastite, sendo falta de manejo de ordenha e baixa medidas de higiene, que geram a mastite clínica ou subclínica. Como forma de diagnósticos, são utilizados quantificação de células somáticas e California Mastitis Test. O tratamento é baseado principalmente nos aspectos clínicos, entretanto existem novas alternativas eficazes que podem facilitar o controle desses microrganismos, bem como o uso de óleos essenciais. Ao final dessa revisão, foi possível concluir que as alterações mamárias ocasionadas pela mastite em caprinos podem gerar problemas que englobam a saúde do animal e consequentemente a rentabilidade econômica do produtor, no entanto, apesar do aumento das pesquisas sobre mastite em caprinos ainda se observa escassez de informações voltadas a essa espécie.