bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low Expectation of Employment Benefit Associated with Motivation in Clinical Nursing: Baseline Findings from an Interventional Study Among Nursing Students in Tanzania
Authors: Herman Patricia , Kibusi Stephen
Published: October 2021

Background

Nursing professional is an art of calling which requires unconditional devotion in caring for those who are in need. Motivation to join the nursing profession is a question that warrants further study. However, there is a dramatic increase in population who join the profession as an opportunity for stable employment and benefit. Intrinsic and extrinsic key elements of motivation are to be examined to determine the art of joining the nursing profession. This study intended to assess baseline motivation in clinical learning from a quasi-experimental study that aimed to design and test the effect of an interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system toward improving clinical meta-competencies among nursing students in Tanzania
Methods

This is the analysis of baseline data from an interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system of 589 randomly selected undergraduate nursing students in Tanzania. Baseline data were collected using a self-guided questionnaire on the Academic motivation Scale adopted from previous studies. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were adopted using Statistical Product for Service Solution version 23. The confidence interval was set at 95% with a significance level of 5%.
Results

Findings show that 65% of the nursing students were male while 79.6% of them were younger than 24 years. Baseline finding of motivation in clinical learning revealed that 80.6% of nursing students were not motivated in clinical learning of which 19.4% of motivated nursing students, 5.3% were intrinsically motivated against 14.1% were extrinsically motivated in clinical learning. Extrinsic factors such as opportunity to travel around the world, generous salary and employment benefits, and perceiving nursing as a secure profession were significantly associated with low motivation in clinical learning (p<0.05)
Conclusion

The problem of low motivation in clinical learning among nursing students seems to persist among undergraduate nursing students in Tanzania. Many enrolled nursing students are forced to join the profession by extrinsic factors than intrinsic ones. This study recommends innovative clinical nursing education pedagogical in enhancing motivation in clinical learning among nursing students in Tanzania.
A Maturity-Onset Diabetes of The Young (MODY) 5 Young Woman With HNF1B Heterozygosity Missing Based On 17q12 Recurrent Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Cheng Ying , Zhong Da-Peng , Ren Li , Yang Hang , Tian Chen-Fu
Published: October 2021

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 5 (MODY5) is a rare subtype of MODYs. It caused by mutations of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox b gene (HNF1B). A 21-year-old young woman was admitted to our hospital for severe malnutrition and gastrointestinal symptoms. At age 20, she was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and was administered with oral antidiabetic drugs. Soon afterwards, the patient discontinued the medication on her own accord, and then went to the hospital again due to diabetic ketoacidosis. After insulin treatment, diabetic ketoacidosis was cured and blood glucose was controlled satisfactorily. But intractable nausea, vomiting and persistent weight loss was stubborn. Further examination revealed that the patient had hypokalemia and hard rectification hypomagnesemia. Genetic testing revealed about 1.85Mb heterozygous fragment deletion on chromosome 17 and deletion of exons 1-9 of HNF1B heterozygosity missing was approved. Finally, the patient was diagnosed MODY 5 with HNF1B heterozygosity missing based on 17q12 recurrent deletion syndrome.
Key words: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 5 (MODY5), Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox b gene (HNF1B), 17q12 Recurrent deletion syndrome
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding for novel black short grain associated with yield, cooking quality, high nutrition and antioxidant potential derived from indica black rice x japonica white rice
Authors: Malumpong Chanate , Narumol Possawat , Saichompoo Uthomphon , Tongyos Peeranut , Nanta Aekchupong , Tippunya Patompong , Chompoo Jamnian , Itthisoponkul Teerarat , Vanavichit Apichart , Cheabu Sulaiman
Published: October 2021

The combination of the trend of Japanese food consumption with the health benefits of black rice is in high demand for rice consumers in Thailand. For this challenge, incorporation of desirable traits from temperate japonica white rice, Akitakomachi and tropical indica black rice, Riceberry was performed by pedigree selection with maker assisted selection (MAS) and these desirable traits have been presented in breeding progenies. The three candidate lines showed highly favorable agronomic characteristics and a high grain yield, with short grains and good cooking quality, similar to japonica rice, in a tropical climate. In addition, these lines showed black coloration of the pericarp, indicating high nutritional value (including Fe, Zn, Vit B6, Vit E and folate levels) and phytochemical, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, similar to those of the Riceberry parent. In terms of the sensory testing of unpolished rice, two breeding lines (69-1-1 and 72-4-3) showed higher scores than their parents. However, only 69-1-1 was identified as japonica type according to its genetic background. Therefore, this breeding program, involving the crossing of a temperate japonica white rice with a tropical indica black rice, can create novel black short grain rice variety adapted to a tropical environment, similar to japonica-type rice.
Triangular Fixation to Prevent Proximal Screw Pullout in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Technical Note
Authors: Tanaka Masato , Mehta Rahul , Yamauchi Taro , Arataki Shinya , Uotani Koji , Fujiwara Yoshihiro , Shinohara Kensuke , Yamane Kentaro
Published: October 2021

Background
Adult spinal deformity (ASD) is caused by spinal malalignment and results in severe low back pain, neurological dysfunction, and severe deformity. Proximal screw back-out represents a difficult problem in minimally invasive ASD surgery. We describe a novel technique to prevent screw pullout in ASD.
Methods
A 71-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with severe low back pain and gait difficulty. Her daily life had been affected by severe lower back pain for more than 6 months. Standing radiograms indicated severe kyphoscoliosis. Two-stage minimally invasive corrective T10-to-pelvis fixation was performed.
Results
The first surgery was an L1–S1 C-arm-free oblique lumbar interbody fusion, with an operation time of 3 h 57 min and an estimated blood loss of 240 mL. After 1 week, the second percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation was performed and proximal screws were inserted under a transdiscal approach (T11) and with a lower angulation trajectory (T10) to enhance pullout strength. For this second surgery, operation time was 3 h 33 min, and estimated blood loss was 320 mL. No postoperative complications or neurological compromise was reported. In terms of clinical outcomes, Oswestry Disability Index improved from 56–24%, and visual analog scale score for lower back pain improved from 62 mm to 24 mm at the 1-year follow-up.
Conclusions
Minimally invasive circumferential surgery with triangular fixation is effective for preventing proximal screw back-out and surgical invasiveness. With this new technique, surgeons and operating room staff can avoid the risk of adverse events due to intraoperative radiation exposure.
Determining Factors for the Creation of Innovation-based Ventures
Authors: Escorcia Adalberto , Ramos-Ruiz Jose , Zuluaga-Ortiz Rohemi , Delahoz-Dominguez Enrique
Published: October 2021

This research aims to create a model that provides a more complete view of the behavior of entrepreneurs, to investigate the influence of Social Capital, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Per-son-Entrepreneurship Fit in the transition of nascent entrepreneurs towards the venture creation. For the development of this research, a sample of 500 entrepreneurs located in Colombia who are in the process of creating a company was taken. The research methodology is hypothetical-deductive with a cross-sectional multiple causal correlation design with explanatory scope and is divided into three stages: First, an exploratory analysis of the data relating to the study variables is carried out. Second, a Principal Component Analysis is carried out. Finally, the third stage is the modelling using the Partial Least Squares - Path Modelling methodology. Among the most relevant findings, it is found that Social Capital is significant in explaining Person-Entrepreneurship Fit. In turn, Social Capital and Person-Entrepreneurship Fit are significant in explaining Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Finally, the construct of Venture Creation is only significantly explained by Per-son-Entrepreneurship Fit. Consequently, it can be concluded that the influence of social and psychological variables within the business cycle are significant, and models and strategies must consider these elements in order to design tools that support the optimal development of start-ups within the business cycle, so that they consolidate as stable ventures.
Word of caution: negative impact of mouthwashes on folded Platelet-Rich Fibrin (F- PRF) membrane viability
Authors: Csönge Lajos , Bozsik Ágnes , Bagi Zoltán Tóth , Gyuris Róbert , Csönge Dóra Kinga , Kovács Tünde , Kónya János
Published: October 2021

Backround: The number of clinical application of different platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes has increased in regenerative medicine including regenerative dentistry. Intact platelets, leukocytes and stem cells of PRF play a crucial role in the local bone augmentation releasing cytokines and growth factors. An integral part of the postsurgical management is the application of mouthwashes especially chlorhexidine-digluconate, which is recommended in order to prevent postoperative infections. In some cases there is possibility that there is contact between the mouthwash and PRF membrane. The impact of mouthwashes on cell viability of folded F-PRF was tested. Methods: 3 mouthwash brands were tested: Chorsodyl, Listerine 6 in 1 and Elmex Sensitive Plus using MTT viability assay after 30 seconds treatment and 72 hours treatment (twice daily for 30 seconds). The membrane samples were incubated in cell culture conditions. Results: 30 seconds of mouthwash treatment diminished the fresh F-PRF viability significantly by 15-21% depending on the agent. After 72 hours of treatment the viability loss was ~50%. Conclusion: The decreased number of platelets and other blood cells can not launch optimal bone morphogenesis. The MTT assay is cheap, reliable and simple method to assess the platelet and cellular viability and potential regenerative capacity of F-PRF membrane, or any platelet-rich product. The isolation of the PRF membrane from oral liquids and/or application of less aggressive mouthwashes is recommended for at least 5-7 days after PRF surgery.
Assessment of Human-Induced Effects in the Sultan Marshes (Ramsar Protection) Kayseri (Turkey)
Authors: Aydin-Kandemir Fulya , Demir Aynur
Published: October 2021

Sultan Marshes is one of Turkey's Ramsar wetlands and has faced significant threats in recent years. Although the water was brought from other basins for restoration, observed temporal human-induced impacts and the current drought have damaged the wetland qualities of the Marshes. In this study, the temporal change of the Marshes and the human-induced effects are analyzed. Spatiotemporal surface water area (1984-2020) and whole land use changes (1990-2018) are evaluated with the temporal change of the Human Development, Global Terrestrial Human Footprint, and Ecological Footprint Indexes. The land use changes since 1990 reveal how the wetland has lost its functions. Especially between 1990-2000, the water area largely shifted into the sandy and swampy areas. In the swampy areas between 1990-2000, natural pasture formation was also observed in 2000. In addition, it is found that mining fields were constructed in the region between 1990-2000, albeit relatively small. According to the study, the most remarkable change occurred in the 1990-2000 period, considering the entire study timeline (1990-2018). In this period, there was also a transformation into irrigated agricultural lands around the national park. Moreover, there was a transformation from orchards and pasture areas to irrigated agricultural areas. When the changes in the wetland are evaluated with the human footprint data for 1993 and 2009, it was found that human impact was more substantial, especially in 1993 compared to 2009. This is in line with the continuous increase in HDI values between 1990 (0.54) and 2018 (0.81). Besides, the ecological footprint has increased since 1983. After 1983, the biocapacity in the region has steadily decreased to negative values.
Ativismo LGBT organizacional: debate e agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Silva Danuzio Weliton Gomes da , Castro Gustavo Henrique Carvalho de , Siqueira Marcus Vinicius Soares
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho analisa o debate sobre ativismo LGBT nas organizações. Inicialmente, elaborou-se um panorama da produção científica internacional, identificando contribuições, estruturas e objetivos dos ativismos e aspectos teórico-metodológicos. Baseado nisso, formulou-se agenda pautada nas sugestões e discussões. Para tanto, realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico na base Scopus de 2010 a 2019, submetendo artigos coletados a protocolo de revisão sistemática de literatura. Os resultados indicaram que essa pesquisa tem impulso nascente e privilegia, dentre os LGBT, sujeitos gays. Os estudos são amparados em diferentes referenciais teóricos e mais relacionados ao paradigma interpretativista. Prevaleceu o ativismo LGBT classificado como “abordagem informal internamente responsiva” (Githens & Aragon, 2009), com efeitos de bem-estar psicológico e maior possibilidade de ganhos de igualdade de direitos para sexualidades dissidentes em organizações que possuem ativismo. Novos caminhos podem estimular futuros estudos relacionados à temática no Brasil, tais como: mecanismos de voz; impactos na mudança organizacional; aspectos políticos e culturais; e utilização de metodologias mais críticas. A principal contribuição do estudo está em ser pioneiro ao tratar do ativismo LGBT, detectando linhas específicas para sua investigação em estudos organizacionais nacionais.
Structural Characteristics of Lignite Char from Different Pyrolysis Reactors and the Influence on Their Gasification Reactivity
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Haitang , Wang Xiaoqin
Published: October 2021

The gasification reactivity of coal char is affected by numerous experimental variables, and char structure is one of the dominant factors. In this work, Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption were used to investigate the physical and chemical structure of char prepared under different pyrolysis conditions. Three kinds of pyrolysis reactors, fluidizedbed reactor (FL), entrained-flow-bed reactor (EF), and fixed-bed reactor (PT), were designed and used to prepare the char samples. Lignite was pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed reactor with a heating rate of 10 ºC min-1, and the final temperature was 1000 ºC. The gasification reactivity of char was characterized in a quartz fixed-bed reactor under CO2, H2O, and their mixtures at 750 ºC. FB reactor produces chars with a smaller interlayer spacing of aromatic layers (d002), and FL reactor produces chars with a larger mean crystallite size along the c-axis (Lc) and aromaticity (ƒa) but inhibits the growth of mean crystallite size along the a-axis (La). The content of small aromatic rings, which is higher in the FL reactor, positively affects the initial intrinsic reactivity.
Clinical Practice of Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells in Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine - Prodigious Promise for Imminent Times
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: October 2021

:

The umbilical cord blood is usually disposed of as an unwanted material after parturition; however, today, it is viewed as a regenerative medication so as to create the organ tissues. This cord blood gathered from the umbilical cord is made up of mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and multipotent non-hematopoietic stem cells having many therapeutic effects as these stem cells are utilized to treat malignancies, hematological ailments, inborn metabolic problem, and immune deficiencies. Presently, numerous clinical applications for human umbilical cord blood inferred stem cells, as stem cell treatment initiate new research. These cells are showing such a boon to stem cell treatment; it is nevertheless characteristic that the prospect of conservation of umbilical cord blood is gaining impetus. Current research works have demonstrated that about 80 diseases, including cancer, can be treated or relieved utilizing umbilical cord blood stem cells, and every year, many transplants have been effectively done around the world. However, in terms of factors, including patient selection, cell preparation, dosing, and delivery process, the treatment procedure for therapy with minimally manipulated stem cells can be patented. It is also worth thinking about how this patent could affect cord blood banks. Meanwhile, the utilization of cord blood cells is controversial and adult-derived cells may not be as successful, so numerous clinicians have begun working with stem cells that are acquired from umbilical cord blood. This review epitomizes a change in outlook from what has been completed with umbilical cord blood cell research and cord blood banking on the grounds that cord blood cells do not require much in the method of handling for cryopreservation or for transplantation in regenerative medicine.
Profiling of Essential Mineral Content, Heavy Metals, and Bacterial Contaminants in Conventional and Organic Eggs Available in the Hypermarkets of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Dahlawi Saad , Berekaa Mahmoud , Salama Khaled , Labib Ossama , Saifullah  , Asghar Waqas , Khalid Nauman
Published: October 2021

Background:

Eggs are commonly regarded as one of the best sources of various macro
and micronutrients, in particular, high biological value (BV) proteins and both saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids. Apart from proteins, eggs are excellent sources of various high health value
lipid components, carotenoids, minerals, and both water and lipid-soluble vitamins. However, the
nutrient-rich nature of this ‘superfood’ also makes them susceptible to microbial contamination
from various sources, such as fecal matter, drinking water for layer chicken, and the surrounding
environment. Moreover, drinking water and chicken feed are also sources of heavy metal contamination.
The presence of both factors poses serious health concerns for consumers.

Objective:

The main aim of this research was to proximate heavy metals and bacterial contaminants
in nine different brands of brown organic and conventional white eggs available in the hypermarkets
of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

An Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) was used to
determine the concentration of metals with high sensitivity. Standard plate count was followed by
enrichment of bacterial contaminants in a double-strength nutrient broth medium for microbiological
assessment.

Results:

The results indicated that Pb, Cd, Al, and As were present in high concentrations in all egg
brands of both types (organic and conventional). The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for Ca,
Fe, Mn, and Mg were within the range of WHO-recommended thresholds, and these essential minerals
were present in adequate amounts in all egg brands. The two major groups predominating the
microbial loads were the family Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas sp.

Conclusion:

The presence of heavy metals, such as Al, As, Pb, and Cd, in nearly all the brands in
amounts that exceeded the established ADI and EDI thresholds was considerably concerning. In
particular, the elevated levels of Cd and Pb in group 1 and group 2A probable human carcinogens,
respectively, demands that local regulatory authorities investigate the sources of heavy metal contamination
and alleviate this considerable risk to human health. Furthermore, this study could be a
benchmark for establishing food safety and hygiene standards for local egg production, storage,
handling, and transport in Saudi Arabia.
Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter pada Masa New Normal Covid-19 melalui Flipped Classroom
Authors: Apriani An-Nisa , Suwandi Intan Kurniasari , Ariyani Yusinta Dwi , Sari Indah Perdana
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang peran flipped classroom dalam penguatan karakter siswa sekolah dasar pada masa new normal Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian studi kepustakaan. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder berupa buku-buku ilmiah, jurnal ilmiah, dan laporan penelitian. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian meliputi tiga tahapan: organize, synthesize, dan identify. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa flipped classroom memiliki relevansi yang kuat dalam penguatan pendidikan karakter siswa pada masa new normal Covid-19. Aktivitas dalam flipped classroom meliputi kegiatan tatap muka dan pembelajaran online yang berfokus pada proses pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa. Aktivitas pembelajaran tersebut memberikan kesempatan pada siswa sekolah dasar secara lebih luas untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilai moral yang dimilikinya. Pendekatan ini juga mendukung siswa dalam membangun pengetahuan baru, belajar secara efektif dan efesien, dan memperkuat karakter siswa. Pembelajaran melalui flipped classroom mendukung tercapainya tujuan program Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) pada masa new normal Covid-19. Salah satu nilai utama PPK yang dapat meningkat dan berkembang melalui pendekatan flipped classroom yaitu nilai kemandirian. Strengthening Character Education in New Normal Covid-19 Periode through Flipped Classroom This study aims to describe the role of flipped classrooms in strengthening the character of elementary school students during the new normal covid-19 period. The method used in this research is library research. The data in this research is secondary data in the form of scientific books, scientific journals, and research reports. The data analysis technique in this research includes three stages: organize, synthesize, and identify. The results of this study indicate that the flipped classroom has strong relevance in strengthening the character education of students during the new normal Covid-19 period. Activities in the flipped classroom include face-to-face activities and online learning that focus on student-centered learning processes. These learning activities provide opportunities for elementary school students to a wider extent to develop their moral values. This approach also supports students in building new knowledge, learning effectively and efficiently, and strengthening student character. Learning through flipped classrooms supports the achievement of the objectives of the Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter’s program (PPK) during the new normal Covid-19 period. One of the main values of PPK’s program that can improve and develop through the flipped classroom approach is the value of independence.
Google Classroom: The Web-Based Media for Teaching English
Authors: Andewi Widi , Pujiastuti Dwi
Published: October 2021

This study investigates whether: 1) Google Classroom is more effective than the conventional method for teaching writing; 2) The high creativity students have better writing skills than those who have low creativity, and; 3) Interaction between teaching method and students’ creativity in teaching writing occurs. This quasi-experimental study was conducted at STMIK Pringsewu in the academic year of 2020/2021.  The sample of this research was two classes, the namely experimental class taught using Google Classroom, and the control class taught using a conventional method. Each class consisted of 20 students, so the total sample is 40 students. The sample was obtained by using the cluster random sampling technique. Each class was divided into two groups, consisting of ten high creativity students and ten low creativity students. The data of this research were obtained from a writing test to find out students' writing scores. Then, the data were analyzed by using 2x2 multifactor analysis of variance ANOVA and Tukey test. The results show that the mean scores of A1B1 are 82.40, A2B1 is 75.30, A1B2 is 68.70, and A2B2 is 69.70. This study implies that Google Classroom is an effective method in teaching writing and is suitable to be implemented to those having high creativity. Google Classroom: Media Berbasis Web untuk Mengajar Bahasa Inggris Penelitian ini menyelidiki apakah: 1) Google Classroom lebih efektif daripada metode konvensional dalam mengajar menulis; 2) Siswa yang kreativitasnya tinggi memiliki kemampuan menulis yang lebih baik dibandingkan siswa yang kreativitasnya rendah; dan 3) Terjadi interaksi antara metode pengajaran dan kreativitas siswa dalam pembelajaran menulis. Penelitian kuasi eksperimen ini dilakukan di STMIK Pringsewu pada tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Sampel penelitian ini memiliki dua kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen yang diajar menggunakan Google Classroom dan kelas kontrol yang diajar dengan metode konvensional. Setiap kelas terdiri dari 20 siswa, sehingga jumlah sampel adalah 40 siswa. Sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Setiap kelas dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 10 siswa kreativitas tinggi dan 10 siswa kreativitas rendah. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari tes menulis untuk mengetahui nilai menulis siswa. Kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis multifaktor varians 2x2 dan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata A1B1 adalah 82,40, A2B1 adalah 75,30, A1B2 adalah 68,70, dan A2B2 adalah 69,70. Hasil penelitian ini mengimplikasikan bahwa Google Classroom merupakan metode yang efektif dalam pengajaran menulis dan cocok untuk diterapkan bagi mereka yang memiliki kreativitas tinggi.
Learning to Establish a Therapeutic Doctor-Patient Communication: German and Israeli Medical Students Experiencing Integrative Medicine’s Skills
Authors: Danon Limor Meoded , Bähr Vanessa , Schiff Elad , Ortiz Miriam , Brinkhaus Benno , Stöckigt Barbara
Published: October 2021

The doctors’ clinical time collides with the increasing of the use of telecare technologies in our digital era, reducing the actual doctor-patient interaction and the potential to engage with therapeutic doctor-patient communication. In our qualitative study, we followed a collaborative German-Israeli project that trained medical students to use complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) methods in order to improve doctor-patient communication. Interviews with the participants and participatory observation revealed the ways the mentors taught CIM methods, the meaning of therapuitic doctor-patient communication and how the students learned and implemented these skills in different ways. Our findings show that students expand their communication channels and skills, notice their own somatic-sensory states, and engage with somatic knowledge in different interactions. Our findings correspond with, and signify the intercorporeal space of doctor-patient interaction in the way in which doctors’ and patients’ soma-sensual aspects are interact, influence each another, and enable therapeutic communication.
R WE ready for reimbursement? A round up of developments in real-world evidence relating to health technology assessment: part 4
Authors: Simpson Alex , Ramagopalan Sreeram V
Published: October 2021

In this month’s round up, we discuss a number of recent publications and guidelines addressing the use of real-world evidence to evaluate the clinical benefit of health technology assessments and what the publications mean practically for manufacturers.
Performance Analysis of Associate Radix-2, Radix- 4 and Radix-8 based FFT using Folding Technique
Authors: Singh Pankaj Kumar
Published: October 2021

Abstract : In recent years, as a result of advancing VLSI technology, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has received a great deal of attention and has been adopted in many new generation wideband data communication systems such as IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.16e, HiPerLAN/2, Digital Audio/Video Broadcasting (DAB/DVB), and for 4G Radio mobile communications. This is because of its high bandwidth efficiency as the use of orthogonal waveforms with overlapping spectra. The immunity to multipath fading channel and the capability for parallel signal processing make it a promising candidate for the next generation mobile communication systems. The modulation and demodulation of OFDM based communication systems can be efficiently implemented with an FFT and IFFT, which has made the FFT valuable for those communication systems. The complexity of an OFDM system highly depends upon the computation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm. With the advent of new technology in the fields of VLSI and communication, there is also an ever growing demand for high speed processing and low area design. It is also a well-known fact that the multiplier unit forms an integral part of processor design. Due to this regard, high speed multiplier architectures become the need of the day.
Los hongos en la salud y la enfermedad II. Dermatomicosis y dermatofitosis comunes
Authors: Cruz Choappa Rodrigo , Ocara Miranda , Carvallo Javier , Vieille Peggy
Published: October 2021

En este apunte se describen los principales agentes de dermatomicosis y dermatofitosis, los síntomas y signos, la forma de realizar el diagnóstico y  tratamiento. Se actualiza sobre el reordenamiento taxonómico propuesto para los dermatofitos, donde se abandonó la clsificación de tres géneros por una de nueve. También se revisan las infecciones más frecuentes provocadas por levaduras del género Candida y Malassezia.
Crecimiento y metabolismo de Fischerella TB22 en medio de cultivo BG11
Authors: Martínez Rosales A. , Trujillo Tapia M. N. , Ramirez Fuentes E.
Published: October 2021

Los microorganismos fijadores de nitrógeno de vida libre, abarcan una gama morfológica que va desde los organismos unicelulares como las bacterias y algunas cianobacterias, hasta multicelulares, filamentosas, por ello es importante conocer cómo se comportan y se puede saber haciendo una curva de crecimiento microbiano. Para este estudio se prepararon 4 fotobioreactores de columna burbujeada con inoculo de Fischerella TB22, se pusieron en aireación constante con 12 horas luz y 12 horas obscuridad durante 40 días con diferentes tratamientos de ajuste de volumen del medio de cultivo y ajuste del pH. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el crecimiento en biomasa por peso seco, densidad óptica, pH y amonio de Fischerella sp. en medio de cultivo BG11 durante 12 días. Las variables que se midieron de la curva de crecimiento de las cianobacterias, siguieron el patrón de una curva típica de crecimiento microbiano.
Dos interesantes contaminantes fúngicos filamentosos en muestras clínicas positivas a Trychophyton rubrum. Una situación de curiosidad morfológica
Authors: Piontelli Dr. Eduardo , Vieille TM. Peggy , Leiva TM. Yerko
Published: October 2021

Las dermatofitosis corresponden a un grupo de enfermedad micóticas comunes en piel y fanéreas, donde Trichophyton rubrum es el agente causante más frecuente a nivel mundial y presente en nuestros 2 casos de pacientes masculinos con estas micosis, una en uñas y la otra en piel. Sin embargo, el enfoque de esta publicación se basa principalmente en la presencia de 2 interesantes contaminantes (uno en cada caso clínico) presentes solo en los cultivos de las primeras siembras como saprófitos y por ende como propágulos de dispersión, asociados al ambiente y sin intervención clínica demostrada en ambas micosis. La descripción morfofisiológica de estos 2 contaminantes Metarhizium purpureogenum (similis) y Monascus ruber fue más bien una curiosidad esencial que el micólogo clínico adquiere en su contínua formación y ante la posibilidad de infecciones mixtas, pudiendo conjugar sus hallazgos junto al análisis taxonómico y los factores geográficos y edáficos asociados a su distribución.
Ophidian Diversity in Tumkur District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Parimala B.
Published: October 2021

Snakes are the most diverse successful group of animals belonging to the Class Reptilia, which are completely dependent upon the natural environment for their sustenance. They are highly significant as they are an important part of food chain and food webs of almost all the ecosystems, due to which their presence and absence depicts the status of their ecosystem. These crawlers are predators on rodents and insects which are harmful in agricultural fields, due to which they are considered to be the farmer’s friend. Also, snakes play a vital role in controlling the population of harmful rodents which functions as vectors of deadly diseases. Such beneficial species are at the verge of threat which may even lead towards their local extinction. The major threats to these limbless reptiles are as far identified as, the habitat loss, accidents such as road kills and also being slayed when sighted in residential areas. This is mainly due to the lack of adequate knowledge about their status and their significance. Hence the conservation of the herpetofauna at the region is very much needed. Therefore, this study is carried out by obtaining the data from interaction with the local farmers ’and volunteers from snake rescue teams. The study resulted in 29 snake species belonging to 9 different families. Out of which 21 non-venomous, 03 semi-venomous and 05 venomous species were recorded. This study provides the primary information about the Ophidian diversity to educate and bring in awareness among the people and further leading to put up strategies for their natural conservation. Whether these species is medically significant to humans needs further study.
Anatomical Variation in the Fissurization of Lung with Embryological and Clinical correlations- A Case Report
Authors: Dr. Dinesh Premavathy
Published: October 2021

Lungs are paired conical organs present in the thoracic cavity, which are responsible for gaseous exchange for oxygenation of blood. Both the lungs are divided into lobes by fissures. The right lung is divided into upper, middle and lower lobes by two fissures. The fissures are horizontal and oblique fissure whereas the left lung is divided into upper and lower lobes by oblique fissure. The left lung is divided into upper and lower lobe by oblique fissure. Both the lungs have ten bronchopulmonary segments (structurally separate and functionally independent units). Embryological evidence showed that the lungs developed from the endodermal counterpart of the foregut. Around 22 days of embryonic period, diverticulum are develop, then between 26-28 days lung buds develop. The right bronchial buds and left bronchial buds are branched into secondary and tertiary buds at 5th and 6th week of embryonic life consecutively. During routine anatomy dissection and demonstration in the Department of Anatomy, a 50 year old male cadaver showed anatomical variation in the right lung. The present study observed that the right lung showed partial horizontal fissure. The reason for partial or incomplete fissure formation is due to incomplete or absence of obliteration of prenatal fissure which indicates partial fusion of lobes, generally fissures separating the broncho-pulmonary segments in prenatal life. The reports says that incomplete fissures of the lung may lead to spread of infection like pneumonia to adjacent lobe and collapse in endobronchial lesions and gradation of the fissures of the lungs are very important for lung surgeries. The present study concludes that the knowledge of anatomical variation of lung is of utmost important in the field of pulmonary medicine.
Development and Characterization of Acetazolamide Nanoemulsion for Effective Ocular Delivery
Authors: Neha Joshi  , Vijay Juyal  , Rajeshwar K.K. Arya  , Himanshu Joshi
Published: October 2021

Nanoemulsion  has the  potential  of  releasing  the  drug continuously,  and they may easily permeate  via the  intense layers of the eye structure  due to nano-size droplets, which makes nanoemulsion an effective drug delivery system for ocular delivery. The objective of our work was to prepare  a nanoemulsion of acetazolamide for glaucoma treatment  with enhanced efficacy as well as for  continuous  effect. Based on different  compositions  of  oil (Olive  Oil),  surfactants (Tween-20), and co- surfactants  (Transcutol  P), forty-five  test  mixtures  were  made, water  titration  technique  was employed for  preparing  the pseudo-ternary-phase  diagrams. On  the  basis of these  phase diagrams, twenty-five acetazolamide loaded nanoemulsion were formulated and examined for their nanosized droplets, PDI, zeta potential, viscosity, pH, transmittance  and in-vitro drug release. The formulated nanoemulsion showed all the properties within the desired range i.e., droplet size (15.6 to 21.18), zeta potential (-15.5 to- 24.71), PDI  (0.140 to 0.361), viscosity  (3.234 ± 0.063to 5.174 ± 0.023cps), pH (6.922 ± 0.026to 7.033 ± 0.012), RI (1.379 ± 0.007 to  1.404 ± 0.006) and % transmittance  was found (94.96± 0.6% to  96.68± 0.6%) and also  the release rate  of acetazolamide  from  nanoemulsion  was  found  very  good  i.e.,  81.59±  1.04%  to  92.46±  0.33% after  24  hrs.  The  top  four formulations having good drug release were selected for further evaluation of droplet sizes and which also fall in the nano range (15.68 to  21.18 nm). The study showed that  it  is possible  to  develop  nanoemulsion  of  phenytoin  drug, and the  in-vitro  drug release study showed  that the prepared  nanoemulsion had good bioavailability, sustained release and ability to target eye as an effective ocular delivery system.
Molecular Docking Studies to Evaluate Small Molecule Inhibitors of Wnt/Betacatenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Dantu Sai Shyama Lakshmi Sankari  , Sai Sailaja Maka  , Swetha Dalal  , Chandrasekhar Chanda  , Ranganadha Reddy Aluru
Published: October 2021

Canonical Wnt pathway or β catenin dependent pathway is one of the highly conserved signalling pathway which can control gene expression and regulate cell proliferation, cell adhesion, cell migration, cell polarity and organogenesis. Abnormal regulation of β catenin in the canonical wnt signalling pathway leads to transcription of several genes involved in oncogenic programs. Aberrant signalling of the canonical wnt pathway was observed in several types of cancers including hepatocarcinoma, colorectal cancer and lung cancer. Many small molecules  were observed to have the potential to block the aberrant  wnt signalling pathway by allosteric binding and inhibiting β catenin molecule. The current study involves screening for ligands which can have strong allosteric binds to β catenin and inhibit wnt signalling pathway. Molecular docking studies were used to evaluate the binding capacity of the selected ligands. Curcumin, Cardamonin, FH535 and ICRT-3 were used as ligands for the molecular docking study with β catenin binding Transcription factor -4 receptor. All chosen ligands have exhibited significant binding energies with the receptor. The highest -9.518272 kcal/mol with Cardamonin followed by -9.28359 kcal/mol with FH535, -8.422604 kcal/mol with curcumin and the least -8.407231 kcal/mol with ICRT-3. All the ligands showed at least 1 hydrogen bond with the target receptor whereas Cardamonin showed 3 hydrogen bonds. Curcumin is a close second forming 2 hydrogen bonds while FH535 and ICRT-3 form only 1 hydrogen bond. The 2D interactions of the ligand and the molecule are visualised by using chimera. We observed Cardamonin to have a very strong binding affinity with the target receptor. Cardamonin can be a suitable drug candidate and might have the potential to inhibit the β catenin dependent wnt signalling pathway.
Screening and Characterization of Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus Spp and Pseudomonas Spp Isolates from Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Ramasamy Venkatesan  , Suresh S S Raja  , Vijayakumar.R  , Panneer Selvam.K
Published: October 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a very serious systemic disease worldwide. Around 416 million cases were  estimated in 2015 worldwide, and are  expected  to  reach  549 million  in  2030 which is  8.6% higher. Diabetes mellitus is  the  leading cause of mortality and morbidity and is responsible for 3.8 million deaths annually.  25% of the  diabetic patients are affected with foot infections out of which, 15% people are forced for limb amputation which affects the quality of life of the patients.  Diabetic foot ulcer is a poly microbial infection mostly occurs due to Staphylococcus spp and Pseudomonas spp and pose serious complications. Bacteria are the cause for much type of diseases and generate  resistance to wide range of biofilm forming. Biofilms constitute reservoirs of pathogens and are associated with resistance to antimicrobial agents and chronic infection. The study included 156 patients (59% male and 41% female) suffering diabetic foot ulcer whose pus culture was isolated. The identification of isolates for both   gram-negative  and  gram-positive  organisms  was  done   as  per   the   procedures   mentioned  in  Bergey’s  manual  of Determinative  Bacteriology.  Further,  MALDI-  TOF  (Matrix-Assisted Laser  Desorption/Ionization)  was used  to  confirm  the identification of the  isolates using  classical  methods.  Staphylococcus spp (65%)  and Pseudomonas spp (35%)  biofilm producing isolates were identified for Congo red method  assay and Tissue culture plate method. Results of biofilm production in positive, intermediate, negative differentiation on the Congo red plate assay and Tissue culture plate method assays were analyzed.
Prevalence, Cost and Factors Governing Use of Indian Traditional System of Medicines for Anticancer Treatment
Authors: K Mathew Manju , Saravanan. K  , Abraham Sujith
Published: October 2021

The Indian traditional system of medicine is a broad set of non-mainstream practices, including use of natural products, for mind as well as body therapies and for the entire medical systems. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, costs and factors affecting the usage of ITM. Our methodology is that Demographic data of the participants, cost and factors affecting the ITM of usage were collected. Data were collected from the patients visiting five ITM clinics selected randomly in Kerala, India. The study was conducted between January and December 2020. In the Results of this study, males were predominant (59.72%), age group of 41 to 60 years (51.38%), living in rural parts (73.61%) with school level (61.34%) belongs to the income group of 5001 to 25000 INR per month. 45.19% of patients suffer due to stomach cancer. 16.5 % and 17% of participants were preferred for Ayurvedic and Homeopathic systems of medicines respectively. About 74.07% of the participants informed that they have visited consultants and health care providers. Among the various ITM of medicines, Ayurvedic treatment was higher (35.48%). 10 factors which have decided the use of ITM, out of which, lack of reason to use was major which governed the usage. In Conclusion, the use of ITM is prevalent among participants visiting traditional health clinics in the selected study area. The significant factors observed to improve the possibility of ITM use, was the literate and the place of living. But, factors like age, gender, income and social habits have proved to be key roles to determine the use of the ITM of medicines. Most participants have a strong belief in ITM, due to the concept that ITM can develop immunity systems and has fewer side effects. The present findings suggest that the use of ITM treatment is unlimited to the individual’s chief medical complications. Indian Traditional medical practitioners treating all kinds of medical condition. The present study findings reveal a moderate degree of use of ITM in the selected region of population Kerala, India
Comparison of Cosmetics Regulations in India and Singapore: A Regulatory Overview
Authors: Kavitha N  , Balamuralidhara V  , Meghana M
Published: October 2021

Cosmetics  are  the fastest-growing  market  potential  in the world  and have a higher  interest  rate  for women  than men. Beauty and personal care  products  have often been  used  to  enhance  beauty, appearance  and perfection. A blend of synthetic and herbal cosmetics thrives in India's cosmetics sector.  A cosmetic product  should be a complete  package with all outstanding properties, such as adequate safety, efficacy, potency and marketability of the product. These characteristics are only possible with a good regulatory structure,  scheme, and organisation in place. Cosmetic products  are continuously revised and managed. which is the  task of  many regulators.  The cosmetics  industry  has grown exponentially  across  the  world,  offering  a means for a consumer to transform his or her look and make the product  easily recognisable and appealing. The protection of cosmetic products  is  governed  by various  regulatory  authorities  around  the  world, each  with  their  own  set  of rules and regulations that the product must follow. There are many regulatory bodies doing work efficiently. These bodies provide us with strict regulations which help us in  guiding  Manufacturing, Importing, Packaging,  Labelling  and other  aspects  of trade  in  the cosmetic  industry.  Cosmetic  description,  manufacturing  specifications,  licences,  import  regulations,  labelling  regulations, packaging regulations, and fee details are  mentioned and also the  legal authority in India (CDSCO) and Singapore (HSA) are addressed  in this context  and approval process  of import of cosmetics has been discussed in this article. There  are drugs and cosmetics legislation  (D&C) in  India and  the  Bureau  of the  Indian  Standard (BIS),  for  Singapore Health  products  (ASEAN Cosmetic Directive) regulations 2007 under HEALTH PRODUCT ACT are discussed.
Cristalizações de memórias alheias: a guerra colonial na escrita da pós-memória de Paulo Faria
Authors: Cammaert Felipe
Published: October 2021

Na escrita de Paulo Faria, a apropriação das memórias alheias da guerra colonial portuguesa em África materializa-se em dois âmbitos complementares e, contudo, autónomos. Por um lado, o ponto de partida da escrita ficcional de Faria é a cristalização, na escrita e pela escrita, da memória do pai sobre a experiência colonial. Desde a perspetiva do filho, esta depuração da memória é representada em termos de uma guerra através da escrita, no intuito de reviver a experiência traumática do pai. Por outro, no processo de constituição da pós-memória, a visão do herdeiro é composta igualmente pelas narrativas das testemunhas diretas da guerra colonial, nomeadamente as dos militares que estiveram em Moçambique com o pai. Porém, nesse processo de construção de uma pós-memória pelo filho, acontece que, em ocasi.es, estas testemunhas interrogam a visão do descendente quando transformada em ficção. Ora, a resposta de Faria vai precisamente no sentido de insistir no caráter ficcional – e, sobretudo, mediado – da sua escrita, que sempre tem em conta o facto de se tratar apenas de uma memória de segunda mão.