bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„The Sámi Exceptionalism”? Saamowie jako osadzeni w norweskich więzieniach: etnos a polityka penitencjarna
Authors: Witkowska-Rozpara Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

Saamowie są jedną z trzech rdzennych grup etnicznych w Skandynawii, a ponad połowa ludności Sámi mieszka w Norwegii. Szczególny status Saamów w tym kraju wynika z uwarunkowań historycznych, a zwłaszcza z rdzennego charakteru tej grupy; te względy zdeterminowały rozwiązania prawne, przyjęte przez władze norweskie. Uwagę zwracają zwłaszcza prawa nadane Saamom w Sameloven – ustawie z 1987 roku, która wprowadza wyjątkowe uprawnienia w zakresie możliwości posługiwania się językiem saamskim także w obszarze więziennictwa. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie praw Saamów jako osadzonych w norweskich zakładach karnych z trzech perspektyw: teoretycznej, prezentującej najważniejsze rozwiązania legislacyjne w tym obszarze, praktycznej – wskazującej na naruszenia praw saamskich więźniów i podejmowane przez Norwegię próby usunięcia tych naruszeń oraz aksjologicznej – wyjaśniającej rodowód i filozofię szczególnego traktowania saamskich osadzonych (ale i szerzej – Sámi People) w Norwegii.   The Sámi are one of the three indigenous ethnic groups in Scandinavia, and more than half of the Sámi population lives in Norway. The special status of the Sámi in this country, and thus the legal solutions adopted by the Norwegian authorities, is a result of historical conditions, particularly the indigenous nature of this group. Particularly noteworthy are the rights granted to the Sámi in Sameloven – a law from 1987 that introduces the exceptional right of the Sámi to use their language while serving sentences in prison. The aim of this article is to present the rights of the Sami people as they are situated within Norwegian correctional facilities from three perspectives: theoretical, showcasing the key relevant legislative solutions; practical, pointing out violations of the rights of Sámi prisoners and Norway’s attempts to address these violations; and axiological, explaining the origin and philosophy of the special treatment of Sámi inmates in Norway (and, more broadly, of the Sámi People).
Determinantal point process attention over grid cell code supports out of distribution generalization
Authors: Mondal Shanka Subhra , Frankland Steven , Webb Taylor W , Cohen Jonathan D
Published: August 2024

Deep neural networks have made tremendous gains in emulating human-like intelligence, and have been used increasingly as ways of understanding how the brain may solve the complex computational problems on which this relies. However, these still fall short of, and therefore fail to provide insight into how the brain supports strong forms of generalization of which humans are capable. One such case is out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization – successful performance on test examples that lie outside the distribution of the training set. Here, we identify properties of processing in the brain that may contribute to this ability. We describe a two-part algorithm that draws on speciﬁc features of neural computation to achieve OOD generalization, and provide a proof of concept by evaluating performance on two challenging cognitive tasks. First we draw on the fact that the mammalian brain represents metric spaces using grid cell code (e.g., in the entorhinal cortex): abstract representations of relational structure, organized in recurring motifs that cover the representational space. Second, we propose an attentional mechanism that operates over the grid cell code using determinantal point process (DPP), that we call DPP attention (DPP-A) – a transformation that ensures maximum sparseness in the coverage of that space. We show that a loss function that combines standard task-optimized error with DPP-A can exploit the recurring motifs in the grid cell code, and can be integrated with common architectures to achieve strong OOD generalization performance on analogy and arithmetic tasks. This provides both an interpretation of how the grid cell code in the mammalian brain may contribute to generalization performance, and at the same time a potential means for improving such capabilities in artiﬁcial neural networks.
Endopiriform neurons projecting to ventral CA1 are a critical node for recognition memory
Authors: Yamawaki Naoki , Login Hande , Feld-Jakobsen Solbjørg Østergaard , Molnar Bernadett Mercedesz , Kirkegaard Mads Zippor , Moltesen Maria , Okrasa Aleksandra , Radulovic Jelena , Tanimura Asami
Published: August 2024

The claustrum complex is viewed as fundamental for higher order cognition; however, the circuit organization and function of its neuroanatomical subregions are not well understood. We demonstrated that some of the key roles of the claustrum complex can be attributed to the connectivity and function of a small group of neurons in its ventral subregion, the endopiriform (EN). We identified a subpopulation of EN neurons by their projection to the ventral CA1 (EN
vCA1-proj.
neurons), embedded in recurrent circuits with other EN neurons and the piriform cortex. Although the EN
vCA1-proj.
neuron activity was biased toward novelty across stimulus categories, their chemogenetic inhibition selectively disrupted the memory-guided but not innate responses of mice to novelty. Based on our functional connectivity analysis, we suggest that EN
vCA1-proj.
neurons serve as an essential node for recognition memory through recurrent circuits mediating sustained attention to novelty, and through feed forward inhibition of distal vCA1 neurons shifting memory-guided behavior from familiarity to novelty.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: De Utrolige Årene (DUÅ): Foreldreprogram for Førskolebarn (3-6 år) og Skolebarn (6-12 år) (2.utg.)
Authors: Hukkelberg Silje , Torsheim Torbjørn
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av foreldreprogrammet De Utrolige Årene (DUÅ), rettet mot førskolebarn (3-6 år) og barn i skolealder (6-12 år). Foreldreprogrammene er rettet mot foreldre til barn med atferdsproblemer på et forebyggende, selektert, eller indikert nivå. Det vil si, programmene kan tilrettelegges som enten forebyggende tiltak eller behandlingstiltak. Foreldreprogrammene er utviklet av Carolyn Webster-Stratton, USA. I Norge er det Regionalt Kunnskapssenter for Barn og Unge – Nord (RKBU Nord) som er tiltaksleverandør og har det nasjonale ansvaret for opplæring.
Metode: Kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk litteratursøk fra ulike databaser (Embase, Medline, Psykinfo, NORART, Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, Scopus, SweMed, Bibsys, og Google Scholar), samt materiell gitt fra tiltakseier. Søket ble gjennomgått for å identifisere internasjonale, nordiske og norske effektstudier om tiltakene. Ni nordiske artikler (3 norske, 4 svenske,1 dansk og 1 finsk), samt tre internasjonale meta-analyser, er evaluert og inkludert i kunnskapsoppsummeringen.
Resultater: Resultatene viser at DUÅs foreldreprogrammer er kunnskaps- og evidensbaserte tiltak med solid teoretisk forankring. De baserer seg på etablerte måleinstrumenter, og tiltakene har godt beskrevne implementeringsstrategier. Samtlige av de nordiske studiene viste positive resultater til fordel for de to programmene, det vil si en reduksjon i barns problematferd og en positiv endring i foreldre-barn samspill.
Konklusjon: DUÅs foreldreprogrammer for førskole- og skolebarn klassifiseres på evidensnivå 5, det vil si tiltak med sterk dokumentasjon på effekt.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Olweus programmet (OBPP) – et skoleomfattende program mot mobbing og antisosial atferd (2. utg.)
Authors: Havik Trude , Ertesvåg Sigrun
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Olweus programmet (Olweus Bully Prevention Program; OBPP) skal redusere mobbing og antisosial atferd i skolen gjennom å skape et trygt og godt læringsmiljø for alle. Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering om effekter av det forebyggende og skoleomfattende OBPP mot mobbing og antisosial atferd i grunnskolen, en vurdering av om tiltaket er virksomt og anbefalt til bruk i norske skoler.
Metode: Kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på systematiske litteratursøk i ulike databaser som Embase, Medline, Psykinfo, Norart, Cochrane, Cristin, Nora, Scopus, Campbell og Blueprint. I tillegg er informasjon innhentet fra tiltakseier.
Resultater: Det ble identifisert seks norske effektstudier, tre egne effektstudier fra USA og to uavhengige studier fra USA, to internasjonale meta-analyser og en internasjonal vurdering (Blueprint, som viser at OPBB oppfyller kravene til såkalt Blueprint- eller modellprogram). Resultatene inkluderer en vurdering av programmets beskrivelse, effektstudier, kvalitet av forskningsmetoder og implementeringskvalitet. Programmet er svært godt beskrevet og har svært gode system for å styrke implementeringskvalitet. Effekten av OBPP er godt beskrevet og dokumentert. Samtidig vil norske effektstudier som i større grad oppfyller dagens krav til dokumentasjon, som omfatter en bredere alderssammensetning og dermed større deler av målgruppen, som er elever i grunnskolen og flere uavhengige studier, styrke dokumentasjonen ytterligere. Resultatene må ses i lys av at utvikling og implementering av OBPP også har etablert et helt nytt fagfelt og forsking innen dette feltet, og representerer et arbeid som strekker seg tilbake til 1970-tallet.
Konklusjon: OBPP klassifiseres etter Ungsinn.no sine kriterier som et dokumentert virksomt tiltak på evidensnivå 5: Tiltak med sterk dokumentasjon på effekt.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Multisystemisk terapi – MST (2. utg.)
Authors: Strøm Henriette Kyrrestad , Handegård Bjørn Helge
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering om effektene av tiltaket multisystemisk terapi (MST) i Norge og er en revisjon av en tidligere beskrivelse av det samme tiltaket i Ungsinn (Kornør, 2014). MST er et behandlingsalternativ til institusjonsplassering av ungdom med alvorlige atferdsvansker. Målet med MST er at ungdommene skal redusere antisosial atferd og fremme ansvarlig atferd. Tiltaket er en intensiv, tidsavgrenset og familiebasert behandling for ungdom med atferdsvansker. Det er rettet mot ungdom og deres foresatte, og blir gjennomført i lokalmiljøet hvor aktuelle instanser blir involvert.
Metode: Denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline, PsykInfo, Norart, Cochrane, Cristin, Nora, Scopus og Swemed. Seks artikler basert på tre nordiske studier tilfredsstilte inklusjonskriteriene for nordiske effektstudier.
Resultater: Resultatene omfatter en oppsummering av tiltakets beskrivelse, foreliggende effektstudier, forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og implementeringskvalitet. Det foreligger to norske studier og én svensk studie som har undersøkt tiltakets effekt i nordisk kontekst. I den svenske studien og i den første av de to norske studiene ble det benyttet et randomisert kontrollgruppedesign med pre- og posttestmålinger samt oppfølgingsmålinger etter to år. I den andre norske studien ble det undersøkt om effektene vedvarte ved å legge til en ny ikke-randomisert gruppe ungdommer i det andre året av programmet for å sammenligne resultatene fra den tidligere randomiserte kontrollgruppestudien. Den svenske studien rapporterer i tillegg posttestskårer etter 5 år basert på registerdata. Både de norske og den svenske studien sammenlignet MST mot en kontrollgruppe som mottok ordinær behandling i barnevernet. De norske studiene viser til positive effektmål både på kort og lang sikt, mens den svenske studien ikke finner noen signifikante forskjeller mellom gruppen som mottok MST og de som mottok ordinær behandling. Studiene er utført med god kvalitet. Tiltaket har gode rutiner for å kvalitetssikre implementering.
Konklusjon: MST klassifiseres på evidensnivå 4 – Tiltak med tilfredsstillende dokumentasjon på effekt.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: TIBIR - Rådgiverintervensjonen (2.utg.)
Authors: Eng Helene , Patras Joshua , Handegård Bjørn Helge
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering for effektene av tiltaket TIBIR – Rådgiverintervensjonen i Norge. Artikkelen er en revisjon av en tidligere beskrivelse av det samme tiltaket i Ungsinn (Mørch, 2012), men videreutviklet i henhold til Ungsinn sine nye prosedyrer og kriterier. Rådgiverintervensjonen er en korttids foreldreveiledningsintervensjon på 3-5 sesjoner. Målgruppen er familier med barn mellom 3-12 år som viser tegn på begynnende eller er i risiko for å utvikle atferdsproblemer. Intervensjonen er et av totalt seks tiltak i programpakken Tidlig intervensjon for barn i risiko (TIBIR). Atferdssenteret har utviklet og er tiltakseier for tiltaket.
Metode: Embase, Medline og Psykinfo, NORART Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS og SweMed. To artikler ble inkludert.
Resultater: Resultatene omfatter en oppsummering av tiltakets beskrivelse, foreliggende effektstudier, forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og implementeringskvalitet. Rådgiverintervensjonen er svært godt beskrevet i flere dokumenter blant annet gjennom en detaljert manual. Det foreligger én nordisk RCT effektivitetsstudie med målinger pre-post og 6 mnd etter avsluttet intervensjon. Studien er gjennomført med god kvalitet, og det er funnet signifikante effekter på relevante utfallsmål og effektene funnet vurderes til å være av praktisk betydning. Tiltaket har gode systemer for å sikre god implementeringskvalitet, noe som gjør det sannsynlig at de positive resultatene fra studien også vil finne sted når tiltaket brukes i vanlig praksis.
Konklusjon: Selv om tiltaket tilfredsstiller kravene for høyeste evidensnivå på nesten alle områder, vurderes behovet for flere uavhengige studier som nødvendig for å kunne konkludere med at et tiltak har sterk dokumentasjon på effekt. TIBIR-rådegiverintervensjonen klassifiseres på evidensnivå 4 – Tiltak med tilfredsstillende dokumentasjon på effekt.
Translation and validation of the Bahasa Malaysia version of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale (M-NOSE)
Authors: Mohd Baki Addina , Sheikh Ab Hamid Suzina , Mohd Noor Rosli , Abdullah Baharudin
Published: August 2024

Background

The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) is a questionnaire to assess patients with nasal obstruction. The aim of this study was to translate and validate NOSE to the Malay version NOSE (M-NOSE).

Methods

The NOSE questionnaire was translated to Malay language and back to English. Psychometric properties consisting of reliability, reproducibility, validity, responsiveness were appraised in patients with nasal obstruction due to deviated nasal septum and healthy asymptomatic controls.

Results

A total of 126 participants were recruited. There was significant difference between patients and controls for all items and the total score (all p < 0.001). The correlation was moderate to strong between all items and total score (r = 0.71 to 0.8) and fair to moderate for the inter-items correlations (r= 0.31 to 0.70). Internal consistency for M-NOSE was good (α = 0.81). The test–retest for each item demonstrated no significant difference. There was significant difference of the pre- and post-operative mean for each item and total score (all p < 0.001) with good response sensitivity (effect size, d = 4.91).

Conclusions

The M-NOSE has satisfactory reliability, internal consistency, reproducibility and responsiveness. It is a valid and convenient tool in the assessment of the impact and treatment outcome of nasal obstruction.
Soil organic carbon estimation using remote sensing data-driven machine learning
Authors: Chen Qi , Wang Yiting , Zhu Xicun
Published: August 2024

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a crucial component of the global carbon cycle, playing a significant role in ecosystem health and carbon balance. In this study, we focused on assessing the surface SOC content in Shandong Province based on land use types, and explored its spatial distribution pattern and influencing factors. Machine learning methods including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and support vector machine (SVM) were employed to estimate the surface SOC content in Shandong Province using diverse data sources like sample data, remote sensing data, socio-economic data, soil texture data, topographic data, and meteorological data. The results revealed that the SOC content in Shandong Province was 8.78 g/kg, exhibiting significant variation across different regions. Comparing the model error and correlation coefficient, the XGBoost model showed the highest prediction accuracy, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.7548, root mean square error (RMSE) of 7.6792, and relative percentage difference (RPD) of 1.1311. Elevation and Clay exhibited the highest explanatory power in clarifying the surface SOC content in Shandong Province, contributing 21.74% and 13.47%, respectively. The spatial distribution analysis revealed that SOC content was higher in forest-covered mountainous regions compared to cropland-covered plains and coastal areas. In conclusion, these findings offer valuable scientific insights for land use planning and SOC conservation.
Desenvolvimento de metodologia para avaliação da prontidão operacional em plataformas de petróleo segundo gestão de segurança de processo
Authors: Dourado Robson José , Figueiredo Aureo Emanuel Pasqualeto , Pacheco Marcos Tadeu Tavares
Published: August 2024

Ambientes de negócios para as organizações industriais – dentre elas, as empresas produtoras de óleo e gás - exigem adaptação permanente ao contexto operacional e organizacional constantemente em mudanças. Embora evoluções técnicas e tecnológicas sejam uma parte essencial do processo formal de implantação de novos sistemas de produção de petróleo, a consideração de mudanças organizacionais inter-relacionadas tem ganhado atenção apenas recentemente em abordagem mais sistêmica reconhecendo a existência de sistemas sociotécnicos complexos. A contribuição deste estudo explica as necessidades de um método de referência para avaliação da prontidão organizacional de novos sistemas de produção segundo a gestão de segurança de processo baseada em risco e apresenta uma metodologia prática para avaliação de lacunas usando perguntas do tipo auditoria, que resultam em uma lista detalhada dos itens identificados, considerados pontos de partida para aprimoramento ou deliberação quanto a sequência de implantação do projeto. Os resultados encontrados numa organização anônima indicaram a efetividade da metodologia com indicação de medidas necessárias para aprimorar o processo decisório quanto a implantação de projetos e efetivo início da etapa de operações, numa abordagem sistêmica e aderente à necessária sustentabilidade das atividades industriais.
Management of bushrocks in agricultural landscapes for reptile conservation
Authors: O'Sullivan Jackie L , Michael Damian R , Foster Claire N , Florance Daniel , Lindenmayer David B
Published: August 2024

Bushrocks provide critical habitat for reptiles and are a common feature in agricultural landscapes. Recent advances in soil amelioration practices have triggered a resurgence in the large-scale removal of bushrock from commodity production regions. Rock removal practices have substantial impacts on biodiversity, particularly for range-restricted and rock-dependent reptile species. We discuss findings from several observational studies and natural experiments on the ecological role of bushrocks in agricultural landscapes to inform land management and restoration practices. We found that bushrocks were critical as overwintering retreats, and reptiles preferred higher elevation areas with minimal canopy cover. We found reptiles rapidly responded to bushrock restoration, with increases in abundance and richness of reptiles in rock addition plots compared to controls. Our research highlights the importance of bushrock habitat, and the removal of such habitat may have far-reaching consequences. Conservation of reptiles in agricultural landscapes requires appropriate management and retention of bushrock. We urge for greater protection of existing bushrock habitats and consideration of rock as a restoration tool to improve conservation outcomes for reptiles in agricultural landscapes.
The Effect of Hedonic Motivation and IT Affordance on Impulsive Buying Decision in Social Commerce TikTok
Authors: Pranata Jephthah Alvin , Riyanto Muhammad Raihan Putra , Hendrawan Shania , Gunadi Willy
Published: August 2024

Indonesia is currently being faced with rapid growth of social commerce that can be observed through the immense growth of Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) which is projected to increase continuously. The popularity of social commerce itself allows social and shopping activities to be carried out on the same platform, causing changes in people's shopping behavior. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of impulsive buying that occurs on social commerce platforms from the perspective of IT Affordance and Hedonic Motivation by implementing the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory. Data collection in this study was conducted online through a survey involving 203 TikTok user respondents who had made purchases through the TikTok application in the last 1 year, used TikTok for more than 6 hours each week, and live on the island of Java, Indonesia. The research results prove that IT affordance has a significant effect on trust and flow experience. Hedonic motivation, trust, and flow experience have a positive and significant influence on the urge to buy impulsively. Urge to buy impulsively has a positive and significant influence on impulsive buying which is strengthened by the fear of missing out.
Effect Of Macroalgae Feed Type on Abalone Growth and Survival (Haliotis squamata) on the Cultivation System Polyculture with Nemo Fish (Clownfish)
Authors: Sari Tiara Anggraini Puspita , Junaidi Muhammad , Alim Sahrul
Published: August 2024

Abalone (Haliotis squamata) or sea snails are also called awabi, mutton fish, and sea ear. Abalone cultivation (Haliotis squamata) has quite good prospects, considering that the demand for Asian markets such as Japan, China, and Singapore is increasing. The world's demand for abalone is increasing in line with the increasing need for a diversity of protein sources. In addition to abalone, other leading commodities in marine aquaculture are nemo fish (Clownfish). Nemo fish has high economic value both in the local and international markets with a wide range of market-markets such as Australia, Japan, Germany and France. Increasing the production of these two commodities can be cultivated in one container called polyculture. Polyculture is cultivation by keeping more than one type of fish or species in the same container. The application of polyculture techniques is expected to increase the carrying capacity or carrying capacity of cultivation containers. The success of polyculture will determine the growth and sustainability of abalone and nemo fish cultivation activities. This study uses an experimental method with a Complete Random Design with the treatment of macroalgae feed types consisting of 5 types, namely: This treatment was carried out with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions, namely: Gracilaria sp. (A), Ulva lactuca (B), Caulerpa (C), Kappaphycus alvarezii (D), Sargasum (E). The five types of treatments were repeated 3 times so that 15 experimental units were obtained. The results of the research that have been carried out, show that the difference in macroalgae in the maintenance of abalone mussels with nemo fish has a real influence on the growth (absolute length and absolute weight) and the survival rate of abalone mussels (Haliotis squamata) and nemo fish (Clownfish) which are the best in the maintenance with macroalgae Gracillaria sp.
Diabetes as Risk Factor for Sick People Hospitalized for Pneumonia during the COVID-19 Period in a Hospital in Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Authors: Totty Eric , Yapi Houphouet Felix
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The rate of COVID-19-related mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Ivory Coast is unknown. Diabetes is a risk factor for increased mortality in patients hospitalized for viral pneumonia infection with higher percentage for patients infected by Sars cov-2 virus. This study aims to investigate the association of DM with mortality in this population.
Methods: This is a cohort retrospective study. Electronic medical records from patients admitted from March 2020 to March 2021 were reviewed. Primary outcomes was mortality. Secondary outcomes were health complications and transition to Intensive Care Unit(ICU). These outcomes were also studied in a second step after adjustment for covid 19 status, i.e. by including only patients without covid-19 (Covid NEG).
Results: In all 205 patients were part of the study. The overall mortality rate was 21.5% (n =205) with 44 patients. In this group of non-survivor (n =44), 26 (59.1%) patients are diabetics with P < 0.001. That represent 12.7% of global population (n =205) diabetics with P < 0.001. Number of Patients admitted to intensive care number was 65 either 31.7% (n =205) with a P < 0.001. Among them, 52.3% are diabetic with a P < 0.001. The influence of covid-19 on rate of diabetes could not be demonstrated (P = .44), however a clear relationship was observed between Diabetes mellitus, age, covid-19 and rate of mortality (P =1.1895872362833E-5).
For 83 patients without Covid-19, there are only 14 (16.9%) non survivors against 69 (83.1%) survivors with P = 0.14. Only 06 persons are diabetics. For second outcome, there are 22 (10.7%) (n =205) patients admitted to intensive care unit with only 08 (3.9%) (n =205) patients diabetics with P =0.45.
We note just that we are at the limit of statistical significance in link between diabetes and gender (P = .047).
Conclusions: Diabetes is associated with increased mortality and represent a significant risk factor for health complication and admission to intensive care in ill patients hospitalized for viral pneumonia infection and even higher for patients with COVID-19. However, the presence of sars cov-2 alone is not a factor in increasing the rate of DM. There is no significative link between diabetes and the two outcomes studies for Sick people without covid-19.
The presence of diabetes mellitus in patients treated for Covid-19 therefore has a prognostic value in our environment, and can guide the management of these patients.
Study on the Enhancement of Forage Quality of Maize through Nano Urea
Authors: M. R. Arun Kumar, , P. S. Fathima, , S. B. Yogananda, , B. S. Sowmyalatha, , T Bhagyalakshmi,
Published: August 2024

Nano-technology based nutrient management practices in fodder crops are still in their nascent stage of growth. Fodder crops require more nitrogen and meeting this demand through nano-urea raises questions about its suitability for long-term fodder production. Therefore, a field trail on enhancing forage quality of maize through nano urea and urea foliar application was conducted was conducted at ZARS, V. C. Farm, Mandya, during kharif season of 2022. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with eleven treatments replicated thrice. Treatments include combinations of basal application of urea at 50, 75 and 100% recommended dose of N with varied levels of nano urea and urea spray at 20 and 40 DAS, which were compared with RDF and control (RDF without N). The results indicated that application of 100% RDN (150 kg N ha-1) along with urea @ 2% spray led to significantly enhanced the fodder quality like crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat and carbohydrate and was on par with 100% recommended dose of N + Nano urea @ 0.4% spray.
The Relationship between Climate Change Attitude and Biodiversity Conservation Practices: The Mediating Role of Environmental Sustainability Awareness
Authors: Cabras Jojo L. , Israel Gina Fe G.
Published: August 2024

Aims: To identify if there is significant relationship between Climate Change Attitude and Biodiversity Conservation Practices among the Senior High School students and to explore the mediating role of Environmental Sustainability Awareness on the relationship between Climate Change Attitude and Biodiversity Conservation Practices.
Study Design: Quantitative Non-experimental design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among the Senior High School students under the strand of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) within five private Schools of Davao City during the school year 2023-2024.
Methodology: A total of 306 students was chosen as respondents from five different private schools in Davao City, Philippines. The respondents were chosen using stratified sampling. The following statistical tools utilized was done by mean, Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis.
Results: Based on the statistical calculations,the results showed that students manifested a very high level of climate change attitude, biodiversity conservation practices, and environmental sustainability awareness. It also implied that there is significant relationship between students climate change attitude and biodiversity conservation practices. Statistical results also revealed that Environmental Sustainability awareness partially mediates the relationship of Climate Change Attitude and Biodiversity Conservation Practices.
Conclusion: The statistical results revealed that students climate change attitude was very high. Along with this, students biodiversity conservation practices was very high. Also, their environmental sustainability awareness revealed as very high. The results also revealed that there is significant relationship between Climate change attitude and Biodiversity Conservation Practices, Climate change attitude and Environmental Sustainability awareness, and Environmental sustainability awareness and Biodiversity conservation practices. Lastly, the results revealed that Environmental Sustainability awareness partially mediates the the relationship Climate change attitude and Biodiversity Conservation Practices.
A Review: Elevated Nighttime Temperature Impacts on Rice
Authors: Khanal Dipak , Bastakoti Babita , Banjade Dhurba
Published: August 2024

High nighttime temperatures adversely affect rice grain yield and quality by causing early panicle emergence, decreased pollen germination, increased spikelet sterility, and chalkiness. The severity of these effects depends on genotype, growth stage, stress period, and temperature. High nighttime temperature leads to structural abnormalities in starch granules, modify the amounts of amylose and amylopectin, and disturb the expression pattern of genes involved in starch biosynthesis and accumulation, ultimately affecting the cooking properties of rice grains. To ensure sustainable rice production in the context of global warming, rice breeding efforts must consider yield attributes focusing on the interactions between heat stress, genetic variables, and grain quality. This article provides an overview of current research on the significant impacts of high nighttime temperatures on rice grain production, starch granularity, physiochemical characteristics, and cooking properties.
Profile of D-Dimer Levels in Patients Confirmed Positive for COVID-19 at the Indonesian Christian University Hospital
Authors: Luhulima Danny Ernest Jonas , Damanik Agriva Taufan Vicani , Simanjuntak Tiroy Sari B.
Published: August 2024

Aims: the research aimed to determine the profile of d-dimer levels in patients confirmed positive for COVID-19 at UKI Hospital from December 2020 to September 2021
Study Design:  This type of research is descriptive research with a retrospective cross-sectional research design, namely using secondary data in the form of UKI RS medical records.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out in the medical records section of RS UKI from May to October 2021.
Methodology: The research samples were all medical records of patients suffering from COVID-19 with an age range of 18 to 45 years and their D-Dimer levels were checked during treatment at UKI Hospital for the period December 2020 to September 2021, totaling 148 samples. This data will be processed and analyzed using the Chi-Square Test.
Results: From the results of the study, it was found that there were 129 patients (87.2%) with COVID-19 who had normal D-Dimer levels and 19 patients (12.8%) who had elevated D-Dimer levels. Obtained a p-value of 0.677, which means that there is no statistically significant relationship between clinical symptoms and increased levels of D-Dimer in COVID-19 patients. However, there is a statistically significant relationship between the administration of anticoagulants and an increase in D-Dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with a p-value of 0.015.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between anticoagulants and D-Dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe symptoms (in this case administration of anticoagulants can inhibit the increase in D-Dimer), but researchers did not find a significant relationship with mild symptoms.
Response of Time and Severity of Pruning on Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics of Ber cv. BAU Kul
Authors: Datta Soustav , Dutta Niladri , Dey Susmita , Mandal Chinmoy , Sen Ritwika , Bhattacharya Sarthak , Datta Pallab , Rathour T.P. , Lal Deepa , Bhusan Lipsa Prit
Published: August 2024

An investigation was undertaken at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya’s Horticultural Research Station, West Bengal during 2019-20 to observe the impact of time as well as severity of pruning on plant growth, flowering and fruiting of ber cv. BAU kul. The experiment consisted of eight treatments and three replications; heading back on 1stweek of March at 0.5m height as well as at 1.0m height, heading back on 3rdweek of March at 0.5m height as well as at 1.0 m height, heading back on 1stweek of April at 0.5m height as well as at 1.0m height, heading back on 3rdweek of April at 0.5m height as well as at 1.0m height. Pruning in April both at 0.5m and 1.0 m resulted higher fruit yield, shoot length, canopy spread than heading back at March which concluded that heading back done in April both at 0.5m and 1.0m height in ber proved superior.
In-vitro and In-vivo Management of Seed Borne Fungal Diseases of Maize
Authors: R. Kruthika , Khatib Shadab M , Sheelavant Suhasini , P S Pooja , M Bharath , Harlapur S I
Published: August 2024

The research experiment was conducted during 2021-22 to test the efficacy of seed dressing fungicides and bioagents against seed borne fungal infections In-vitro and In-vivo conditions. In-vitro experiments showed that, in terms of seed germination, Pseudomonas fluorescens at 10 g/kg seeds achieved the highest germination rate (96.66%) and a significant increase in vigor index (3371), though Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% WP at 2 g/kg seeds had the highest vigor index (3882) and the greatest reduction in seed infection (92.85%). Carbendazim 50WP at 2 g/kg seeds showed a remarkable decrease in seed infection (86.73%) and a high vigor index (3648). In field the treatments significantly reduced the incidence of charcoal stalk rot, turcicum leaf blight, and fusarium stalk rot compared to the untreated control. Notably, Mancozeb 50% + Carbendazim 25% WS at 2 g/kg seeds showed the highest reduction in charcoal stalk rot incidence (48.45%) and turcicum leaf blight (24.98%). The same treatment also resulted in the highest yield (45.76 q/ha) and shelling percentage (84.51%).
The Nexus between the Budgetary Process and Financial Performance: Evidence from SMEs in Douala
Authors: Takwa Abonwi Chenaa , Teno Maclean Nkiemboupoh , Njuma OKON Roland , Tenu Robinson Manjenpo
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the effect of budgetary practices on the financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Douala, employing regression analysis to analyze relationships between budget planning, communication, monitoring & control (M&C), and financial performance. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 150 SMEs, including managers, accountants, and finance personnel, ensuring representation across various sectors and sizes in Douala. Findings indicate significant positive associations between budget communication (β = 0.235, p = 0.013) and M&C (β = 0.236, p = 0.018) with financial performance, highlighting their critical roles in enhancing organizational efficiency and resource management. Budget planning also shows a positive effect (β = 0.172, p = 0.014), emphasizing its strategic importance in initial financial strategy formulation. The study contributes uniquely by empirically validating these relationships within the specific context of Douala's SMEs, offering insights into optimizing budget management practices. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of strategic budget management practices in driving financial performance, providing a practical framework for SMEs to navigate market complexities and achieve sustainable growth. This contribution is significant in understanding how budgetary practices can drive organizational efficiency and support growth within Douala's dynamic business environment. Recommendations include enhancing budget communication channels through structured meetings and digital platforms, implementing robust monitoring and control systems for real-time financial oversight, and integrating budget planning with strategic decision-making processes to sustain competitive advantage and foster growth in Douala's dynamic business environment.
Assessing the Impact of Regret on Customer Churn in E-Commerce: A Data-Driven Analysis
Authors: Mandhar Kartikeya
Published: August 2024

Problem Statement: Customer churn is a critical challenge for e-commerce businesses, causing revenue loss and high customer acquisition costs.
Objectives: This study aims to analyse the impact of buyer's and hesitator's regret on customer churn and to identify key behavioural features that predict churn.
Methods: Utilizing a public e-commerce churn dataset, features like Order Amount Regret and Complaint Rate were engineered to capture customer regret. Statistical tests, including Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney U, were used to assess the significance of these features. Visual analyses, such as boxplots and violin plots, validated the findings.
Results: Regret-related behaviours, particularly high Complaint Rate and Order Frequency, emerged as strong predictors of churn.
Significance of the Study: Understanding and addressing regret-related factors can enhance customer satisfaction and reduce churn.
Antimicrobial Materials in Medical Textiles: Enhancing Infection Control in Healthcare Settings: A Review of Literature
Authors: Bhardwaj Anjali , Chaudhary Sonal , Juneja Shalini
Published: August 2024

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose persistent challenges, elevating risks in patient morbidity and mortality despite medical advancements. Antimicrobial materials integrated into medical textiles offer a promising strategy for comprehensive infection control. This paper explores the landscape of HAIs, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative measures. Focusing on antimicrobial agents like silver nanoparticles, copper ions, and peptides, it delves into their mechanisms and foundational knowledge crucial for effective integration into medical textiles. Techniques such as coating, impregnation, and nanofiber technology are discussed for practical application. Evaluating efficacy, durability, and impact on textile properties, the paper addresses the crucial balance between antimicrobial efficiency and textile integrity. Challenges like cytotoxicity, environmental impact, microbial resistance, regulatory compliance, and cost-effectiveness are examined, underscoring the importance of careful consideration. Advancements in smart textiles, sustainable solutions, nanofiber durability, AI integration, interdisciplinary research, and personalized approaches are highlighted. Antimicrobial textiles reduce HAI risks, improving patient outcomes and optimizing resource utilization. The promotion of a safer healthcare environment aligns with sustainability goals. This method section outlines the approach used to review the literature and assess the various aspects of antimicrobial medical textiles, including the types of agents, treatment methods, and recent advancements. The paper concludes that antimicrobial materials in medical textiles represent a transformative strategy for infection control, contributing to improved patient care, safety, and sustainability in healthcare settings.
The Numerical Application of Dynamic Problems Involving Mass in Motion Governed by Higher Order Oscillatory Differential Equations
Authors: Skwame Yusuf , Zirra Donald J. , John Sabo
Published: August 2024

Real-world problems, particularly in the sciences and engineering, are often analyzed using differential equations to understand physical phenomena. Many situations involve rates of change of independent variables, represented by derivatives, which lead to differential equations. Solving higher-order ordinary differential equations typically involves reducing them to systems of first-order equations, but this approach has challenges. To overcome these and enhance numerical methods, a novel one-step block method with eight partitions was developed for the direct solution of higher-order initial value problems. This method will target issues in physics, biology, chemistry and economics. The new method was formulated using the linear block approach and numerical analysis was ensure essential and sufficient conditions. The new method addresses second-order problems like simple harmonic motion, third-order issues such as oscillatory differential equations, and fourth-order problems like thin film dynamics. The new method demonstrates faster convergence and improved accuracy compared to existing solutions for second, third, and fourth-order oscillatory differential equations.
Tectonics in Architecture of Tanean Lanjhang and Osing House
Authors: Wijaya Catherine Kirsten Eka , Hariyanto Agus Dwi , Soegiono Phylicia Deosephine , Gunawan Eveelyn Febe
Published: August 2024

This research was initiated by an interest in vernacular architecture, which adapts to fit the changing demands of its inhabitants. Cultural variations and differing population demands can cause spatial planning patterns to vary even within a province or between nearby places. Tectonic formations are produced by the growth of vernacular houses. In addition to understanding the distinctive tectonic structures through the connections of elements in the expanded spaces, this study attempts to identify and classify the spatial arrangement patterns in the vernacular houses of Tanean Lanjhang and Osing. Tanean Lanjhang and Osing buildings are examples of vernacular architecture known as "grow houses," which have horizontal expansion as their principal growth criterion. The two kinds of houses, however, expand in different directions. This research uses qualitative techniques, such as literature reviews on Osing houses and on-site observations of Tanean Lanjhang houses. The results show that the Tanean Lanjhang houses show three orientations of spatial arrangement patterns: expansion in the middle, forward, and backward areas. Osing houses, on the other hand, extend from front to back. Both types of houses have connections built with or without gutters, despite the variations in the connections between each of the elements within them.
The Influence of Culinary Destination Image and Tourism Motivation on the Intention to Visit South Korea
Authors: Talita Eunike , Clara Natasha , Harianto Agung
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effects of culinary destination image and tourist motivation on the intention to visit South Korea. It explores the role of attitude as a mediating variable and examines the direct effects of these factors on visitation intention. A total of 129 respondents were obtained using both online and offline questionnaires. The research method makes use of PLS-SEM analysis. The findings indicate that the image of culinary destinations and tourist motivation significantly influences attitude. Furthermore, attitude significantly impacts visiting intentions. Tourist motivation directly affects visiting intentions. Attitude serves as a mediating variable linking the image of culinary destinations and tourist motivation to visiting intentions. Additionally, the image of culinary destinations has an indirect effect on visiting intentions.
The Mediation Impact of Customer Relationships in Influencing The Purchase Intention
Authors: Wijaya Jason , Wiratama Alvianto , Proboyo Adelina
Published: August 2024

The surge in social media users has instigated profound shifts in societal interactions. Brands are now compelled to prioritize customer engagement on social media to influence purchase intention, thereby boosting overall sales and revenue. This study specifically analyzed the mediating role of customer relationships in the relationship between social media marketing activities and purchase intention. The research was centered on people in Indonesia who have seen Tokopedia’s Instagram content. Employing a simple random sampling approach, a questionnaire was disseminated, and subsequently, the PLS-SEM method was applied to evaluate the responses from 119 valid participants. The results showed a notable impact of social media marketing activities on purchase intention and a significant correlation between customer relationships and purchase intention. Additionally, the findings suggest that customer relationships partially mediate the connection between social media marketing activities and purchase intention.
Eruptive processes leading to the most explosive lava fountain at Etna volcano: The 23 November 2013 episode
Authors: Bonaccorso A. , Calvari S. , Linde A. , Sacks S.
Published: July 2014

The 23 November 2013 lava fountain at Etna volcano was the most explosive of the last 44 episodes that have occurred at Etna in 2011–2013. We infer the total magma volume erupted by thermal images analysis and show that it was characterized by a very high time‐averaged‐discharge‐rate (TADR) of ~360 m3 s−1, having erupted ~1.6 × 106 m3 of dense‐rock equivalent magma volume in just 45 min, which is more than 3 times the TADR observed during previous episodes. Two borehole dilatometers confirmed the eruption dynamics inferred from the thermal images. When compared to the other lava fountains, this episode can be considered as the explosive end‐member. However, the erupted volume was still comparable to the other lava fountain events. We interpret that the 23 November explosive end‐member event was caused by more primitive and gas‐rich magma entering the system, as demonstrated by the exceptional height reached by the lava fountain.
GOCE's view below the ice of Antarctica: Satellite gravimetry confirms improvements in Bedmap2 bedrock knowledge
Authors: Hirt Christian
Published: July 2014

Accurate knowledge of Antarctica's topography, bedrock, and ice sheet thickness is pivotal for climate change and geoscience research. Building on recent significant progress made in satellite gravity mapping with European Space Agency's Gravity field and Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) mission, we here reverse the widely used approach of validating satellite gravity with topography and instead utilize the new GOCE gravity maps for novel evaluation of Bedmap1/2. Space‐collected GOCE gravity reveals clear improvements in the Bedmap2 ice and bedrock data over Bedmap1 via forward modeled topographic mass and gravity effects at spatial scales of 400 to 80 km. Our study demonstrates GOCE's sensitivity for the subsurface mass distribution in the lithosphere and delivers independent evidence for Bedmap2's improved quality, reflecting new radar‐derived ice thickness data. GOCE and Bedmap2 are combined to produce improved Bouguer gravity maps over Antarctica. We recommend incorporation of Bedmap2 in future high‐resolution global topography and geopotential models and its use for detailed geoid modeling over Antarctica.