bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Neural Network analysis on the effect of mixed convection in triangular-shaped geometry using water-based Al2O3 nanofluid
Authors: Hudha M. N. , Hasan Md. Jahid , Bairagi T. , Azad A. K. , Rahman M. M.
Published: September 2024

The objective of the study is to investigate the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics applying Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) analysis in triangular-shaped cavities for the analysis of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mixed convection with varying fluid velocity of water/Al2O3 nanofluid. No study has yet been conducted on this geometric configuration incorporating ANN analysis. Therefore, this study analyzes and predicts the complex interactions among fluid flow, heat transfer, and various influencing factors using ANN analysis. The process of finite element analysis was conducted, and the obtained results have been verified by previous literature. The Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation technique was selected for ANN. Various values of the Richardson number (0.01 ≤ Ri ≤ 5), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), Reynolds number (50 ≤ Re ≤ 200), and solid volume fraction of the nanofluid (ϕ = 1%, 3% and 4%) have been selected. The ANN model incorporates the Gauss-Newton method and the method of damped least squares, making it suitable for tackling complex problems with a high degree of non-linearity and uncertainty. The findings have been shown through the use of streamlines, isotherm plots, Nusselt numbers, and the estimated Nusselt number obtained by ANN. Increasing the solid volume fraction improves the rate of heat transmission for all situations with varying values of Ri, Re, and Ha. The Nusselt number is greater with larger values of the Ri and Re parameters, but it lessens for higher value of Ha. Furthermore, ANN demonstrates exceptional precision, as evidenced by the Mean Squared Error and R values of 1.05200e-6 and 0.999988, respectively.
Alcohol misuse within different socio-ecologies in rural communities of Botswana
Authors: Jeremiah Refilwe P. , Katisi Masego , Shehu Odireleng M.
Published: September 2024

Alcohol-related research in Botswana has rarely used a socio-ecological approach. This article presents a phenomenological in-depth analysis drawn from community mapping interviews (n = 23) collected among community leaders and service providers in one village in Botswana. The socio-ecological approach guided our research and analysis. This paper explored the influence of alcohol misuse within the cultural, familial, practices and legal frameworks in Botswana. Findings revealed patterns in alcohol misuse over time, the influence of alcohol misuse within different ecological systems, and their response to alcohol patterns as three global themes are discussed. The findings showed that alcohol misuse remains a major public health problem that trickles down from the community, and family systems to an individual, when there are with limited resources to address the alcohol misuse that exists. Recommendations to address alcohol misuse in Botswana include providing alcohol-free recreational places, more research on alcohol harm, and educating communities about alcohol harm.
Changing the focus: Facilitating engagement in physical activity for people living with mild dementia in a local community—Protocol for a pre-post mixed methods feasibility study
Authors: Lee Den-Ching A. , Callisaya Michele , Meyer Claudia , Taylor Morag E. , Lawler Katherine , Levinger Pazit , Hunter Susan , Mackey Dawn , Burton Elissa , Brusco Natasha , Haines Terry P. , Ekegren Christina , Crabtree Amelia , Licciardi Lisa , Hill Keith D.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to address and improve the low physical activity levels among people with mild dementia by implementing a novel shared decision-making and motivational support program, named "Changing the Focus". It will utilise a pre-post mixed methods approach, aiming to recruit 60 community living older people with mild dementia and their care-partners. The shared decision-making process will involve the person living with dementia, their care-partner, and a research therapist, using a purpose-designed discussion tool including factors such as preferred physical activities, health status, local opportunities and program accessibility. This process aims to identify personalised local physical activity opportunities. Participants will be supported with the help of a research therapist to engage in targeted community-based physical activities for 12-months, to progress towards the recommended physical activity guidelines of 150 minutes per week. The intervention provided by the research therapist will include three home visits (baseline, 6- and 12-months) and seven motivational support phone calls (within the first six months). Research therapists may provide additional home visits and support calls as needed. Primary outcomes include program participation (participants living with dementia continuing with the program after 12-months), total physical activity time per week (measured using the Active Australia Survey at baseline, 6- and 12- months) and program acceptability (assessed through semi-structured interviews with participants, care-partners, referrers, and physical activity providers). Secondary outcomes include physical performance, mental health, wellbeing measures, and impact on care-partners (evaluated through physical tests or validated scales at baseline, 6- and 12-months). Other implementation aspects include reach, maintenance, safety (falls, other adverse events) and an economic evaluation. Results will inform feasibility, potential benefits, and challenges associated with this innovative shared decision-making and supported physical activity program for people living with mild dementia. Findings will guide future large-scale studies and contribute to enhancing physical activity opportunities for this population.
The impact mechanism and empirical analysis of financial efficiency of science and technology empowering regional real economy growth
Authors: Zhang Tao , Tian Jie
Published: September 2024

With the aim of exploring the impact mechanism of scientific and technological financial efficiency on regional real economy growth in the context of ecological civilization construction, this study introduces environmental regulation as a mediating factor. By analyzing changes in science and financial efficiency of science and technology, we provide an effective basis for regional real economy development. To achieve this goal, we define concepts such as science and financial efficiency of science and technology and regional real economy, measure data from 2012 to 2021, analyze the impact of science and financial efficiency of science and technology on economic growth using intermediary models, test mediation effects with bootstrap methods, and identify significant differences between regions. It indicates that enhancing science and financial efficiency of sci-tech benefits China’s regional real economy growth, but there’s unbalanced development across regions. Additionally, environmental regulation serves as a crucial intermediary in the relationship between sci-tech finance and economic growth. There exist regional disparities in the mediation effects of environmental regulation, with eastern regions demonstrating stronger effects compared to central and western regions.
Application of sliding mode variable structure control algorithm in PMSM vector control system in complex environment
Authors: Cui Haoran
Published: September 2024

In order to meet the increasing demand of high-performance control in industrial production, a new sliding mode variable structure control algorithm, Asymptotic Sliding Mode Control (ASMC), is designed in this study to solve the serious chattering problem of sliding mode control. Firstly, a traditional sliding mode exponential approximation law control model and a state space and control function are constructed based on sliding mode control. Secondly, by eliminating the jitter factor, ASMC algorithm is combined with sliding mode control to achieve precise control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and improve its performance. The experimental results indicated that in the simulation experiment, the research system tended to stabilize within 0.2–0.3 seconds, and the system chattering was significantly suppressed. And its output was smoother, the jitter amplitude was significantly reduced by 1/3, and the output torque was more stable. In addition, when the parameter H0 changed to 2H0, the overall speed curve did not change much, with only a slight overshoot. The overshoot was only 2.8%, and the change amplitude was maintained at around 25r/min, indicating that the research system had strong self stability performance. In actual experiments, the current command oscillation of the research system was significantly reduced. The local graph showed that the output fluctuation amplitude of the asymptotic approach law actual control was significantly smaller under no-load disturbance. When the H0 changed towards 2H0, the actual adjustment time was about 0.1 seconds, which was consistent with the simulation experiment. Therefore, the contribution of the research is that the ASMC algorithm can suppress the chattering problem of the system and improve the approaching speed, thus improving the speed regulation quality of the system. This new algorithm has great theoretical and practical significance for improving the performance of PMSM, and is practical in the actual vector control system of PMSM.
Prognostic value of NT-proBNP in the new era of heart failure treatment
Authors: Nguyen Dat Vu , Nguyen Si Van , Pham An Le , Nguyen Bay Thi , Hoang Sy Van
Published: September 2024

Background

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of mortality and hospitalization in cardiovascular patients. Guideline-directed medical treatment (GDMT) in the current era includes novel medications such as ARNI and SGLT2 inhibitors, as well as an approach to treatment based on clinical phenotypes. To assess prognostic factors for mortality and hospital readmissions plays a crucial role in patient care.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the rate of 90-day post-discharge events in patients having heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and investigate the associated clinical factors.

Method

A prospective study was conducted on 110 HFrEF patients at the cardiology department of Cho Ray Hospital. The 90-day events included all-cause mortality and rehospitalization due to heart failure.

Results

The rate of 90-day events was 45.6%. After multivariable Cox regression analysis, NT-proBNP level ≥ 1858 pg/mL was identified as an independent factor associated with the 90-day events.

Conclusion

NT-proBNP cut-off ≥ 1858 pg/mL can be used for the prognosis of 90-day events in HFrEF.
Development of a rapid test to determine endometritis of cows after calving
Authors: Jakupov Isatay , Wehrend Axel , Abultdinova Aida , Mamytbekova Gulnur , Zharkimbaeva Zhanargul , Zabrodin Albert
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: Postpartum uterine disease, such as endometritis, is widespread in highly productive dairy cows, leading to fertility problems and economic losses. Despite existing diagnostic methods, early and effective detection of uterine infections remains problematic due to the subclinical nature of some conditions. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid diagnostic test for endometritis in cows on different days postpartum (PP).

Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on dairy Holstein–Friesian cows (n = 121) kept on farms in northern Kazakhstan. The study included both clinically normal cows and those diagnosed with endometritis, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic methods across different stages of uterine health. The following laboratory tests were performed to diagnose and evaluate the presence and severity of endometritis in the cows: Nagorny-Kalinovsky test, Whiteside test, Katerinov test, Gavrish silver nitrate test, peroxide test, and clinical tests (rectal and vaginal examination). These tests were specifically chosen to identify inflammatory processes in the uterus, particularly focusing on detecting endometritis.

Results: From day 21 to 30 PP, rectal and vaginal examinations were 32% and 28% more effective than the Nagorny-Kalinovsky test and the Whiteside test. From day 61 postpartum, the Whiteside test was 37.5% more effective than the Nagorny-Kalinovsky test. Comparatively, among laboratory diagnostic methods from days 10 to 110 PP, the peroxide test showed the greatest effectiveness in identifying 80.9% of sick animals. In sick animals from day 10 to 20 PP, during the interaction of the cervicovaginal mucus with 10%, 20%, and 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an 8.1 ± 1.9–8.8 ± 1.6 cm foam column was formed within 4–5 min.

Conclusion: The experiment showed that a 10% H2O2 solution yielded better results. Using H2O2 as a diagnostic agent for endometritis in cows has several advantages, including ease of use, it does not require special laboratory conditions and provides a visual reading of the reaction within 4–5 min. A limitation of this study is the focus on H2O2 without exploring other potential reagents that may enhance diagnostic accuracy. Future research could explore the long-term stability of cervicovaginal mucus samples and investigate the integration of additional substances that may expedite the detection of subclinical endometritis and improve the clarity of diagnostic results.

Keywords: cervicovaginal mucus, cows, laboratory diagnostics, peroxide test, endometritis.
Comparative biochemical analysis of platelet-rich plasma-chitosan and platelet-rich fibrin-chitosan for treating tibial bone defects in rabbits
Authors: Javaid Sajjad , Rashid Hamad Bin , Safdar Ayesha , Chaudhry Mamoona
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: Fracture healing can cause serious complications, both preoperatively and postoperatively, including malunion or non-union. Biomaterials can enhance the fracture healing process. This study aimed to compare platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-chitosan and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-chitosan on the basis of biochemical parameters for fracture treatment in rabbits.

Materials and Methods: This study involved 12 clinically healthy rabbits. After preparing PRP and PRF, a 3-mm bone defect was created in the tibia of each rabbit. The animals were divided randomly into two groups (A and B). Group A received PRP-Chitosan, and Group B received PRF-Chitosan. Bone healing was assessed using biochemical parameters (calcium [Ca], phosphorus [P], serum alkaline phosphatase [ALP], and osteocalcin [Ocn]) at 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-week postoperatively. The data were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05) with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical software.

Results: Group-wise comparison showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the groups, except for ALP levels, which were significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (p < 0.05). In the week-wise comparison, there was a significant difference between both groups, as Ca and ALP levels showed significant differences at all weeks postoperatively, whereas Ocn showed a significant difference at 2- and 4-week postoperatively (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference in P levels between the groups at any post-operative week (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Both combinations enhanced bone regeneration. However, PRF-Chitosan is a better combination for bone repair than PRP-Chitosan. There were some limitations of this study, such as a small sample size, only male rabbits were used, and a lack of mechanical testing; these limitations should be addressed in future studies. The insights gained from the present study may open a new approach to the use of a combination of biomaterials for bone healing, which should be further investigated clinically and in other animal models as a future scope.

Keywords: chitosan, fractures, platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin, rabbits, tibia.
African American Masculinities in Ann Petry’s Oeuvre
Authors: Abdullah Hogar Najm
Published: September 2024

A disszertáció célja annak bemutatása, hogy Ann Petry hogyan kérdőjelezi meg az afroameriai férfiasság hagyományos fogalmait, illetve hogyan formálja és fogalmazza őket újra pozitívabb és progresszívabb tulajdonságokon keresztül műveiben. Feltárja Petry fekete férfikaraktereinek elnyomását, sztereotípiáit és rendszerszintű határokba való ütközéseit, mindezt az amerikai hegemón maszkulinitással és (fekete) feminizmussal kapcsolatba hozva. Fekete férfiként reprezentációjuk örökösen formálódik a rassz, a társadalmi nem, az osztály erőviszonyainak metszetében, illetve egyéb kategóriák mentén személyes, szociális és állami szinten – kontextustól függően. Petry afroamerikai maszkulinitását a metszetszemlélet segítségével elemzem két lépésben, melyben elmagyarázva határozom meg a kategóriákat, majd az őket képző és egymást átfedő dinamikákról teszek fel kérdéseket. A disszertáció továbbá rávilágít Petry alulreprezentált szerepére a társadalmilag alkotott és fentartott afroamerikai férfisztereotípiák felforgatásában, és két lehetséges magyarázatot kínál. Először is, kölcsönhatás van a sztereotípiák felforgatása és megerősítése között Petry műveiben, amit a munkássága értékelésének részeként veszek figyelembe. Egyrészt Petry sztereotipikus férfikaraktereket jelenít meg “Like a Winding Sheet” (1945), The Street (1946), és “In Darkness and Confusion” (1947) című műveiben, hogy felidézze és finomhangolja az erőszakos, és szexualitása által hajtott feketeférfi-sztereotípiákat. Másrészt rassz-tudatosan és változatosan jelenít meg fekete férfikaraktereket a “Solo on the Drums” (1947), The Narrows (1953), and “The New Mirror” (1965) című művekben, hogy fenntartsa a progresszív, esszencializmussal szembemenő feketeférfi-definíciót. Másodsorban Petryt a protest fiction perifériájáról olvasva – amit olyan fekete írók, mint Richard Wright teremtettek meg – a sajátos esztétikája háttérbe szorul, és elhalványítja Petry hozzájárulását a századközepi afroamerikai irodalomhoz. A disszertáció bemutatja, hogy Petry, nőírói nézőponton keresztül, hogyan módosítja a fekete maszkulinitás férfiuralta reprezentációit. Az afroamerikai maszkulinitás ábrázolásának kritikája Petry műveiben így túlmutat a férfi-nő dichotómián, és a protest fiction esztétikájának keretein túlra helyezi őt.
Red Riding Hood Across Media
Authors: Bálint Emma
Published: September 2024

A disszertáció interdiszciplináris keretek között vizsgálja a napjaink populáris kultúrájában dominánsan jelen lévő transzmediális univerzumok szövevényes szerkezetét és megjelenéseit. A kutatás elméleti hátterét feldolgozó fejezetében az adaptációelméletek mellett hangsúlyos szerepet kapnak médiaelméleti és transzmediális narratológiai elemek, valamint az elsődleges források okán a mesekutatás főbb megközelítései is, különös tekintettel a „Piroska és a farkas” történetét elemző kutatásokra. A disszertációban használt transzmediális mikrokozmosz fogalma Henry Jenkins és Jan-Noël Thon elméleteit Cristina Bacchilega tündérmeseháló fogalmával ötvözi és egészíti ki azáltal, hogy olyan specifikus adaptációs csoportokat határol körül, amelyek egyazon forrásszövegre támaszkodva egymáshoz hasonlóan működnek, mégis különböznek más, ugyanahhoz a transzmediális univerzumhoz tartozó mikrokozmoszoktól. A dolgozat öt transzmediális mikrokozmoszt elemez, melyek többsége a 2010-es években készült (fiatal) felnőttek részére, és melyek minden esetben más adaptációs irányt mutatnak be. A disszertáció kettős célja, hogy felhívja a figyelmet a textuális szövegek állandó szerepére a transzmediális adaptációk kontextusában, valamint hogy a transzmediális mikrokozmosz fogalmának bevezetésével egy részletekben gazdagabb struktúrát alakítson ki a széles körben elterjedt transzmediális univerzumok meghatározására és értelmezésére.
Exercises Pursued by Older Adults with Osteoarthritis and Their Structural Impacts are Hard to Uncover; a Scoping Review of Selected 1970-2024 Studies
Authors: Marks Ray
Published: September 2024

Persons with osteoarthritis often have signs of reduced muscle strength. Some studies suggest that this strength could be improved with exercise. However, does this form of therapy improve the disease status as assessed by improvements in cartilage viability, a hallmark of the disease? This brief describes the possible usage of exercises in general, plus those known to improve strength and function, and reduce pain and whether structural impacts that favor or impede disease regression have been observed in this context among the older osteoarthritis adult population. Since exercise may also do harm, rather than good in osteoarthritis management if excessive, contra indicated, or suboptimal, what is the consensus in this regard in 2024?
A Rare Occurrence of Primary Gastric Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Hasan Fariha , Garcia Alexander , Singh Avneet , Morris Natalie , Williams Kathy , Zhu Gord Guo , Chaaya Adib
Published: September 2024

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare malignancy that typically occurs within the skeletal system but can also develop extraskeletally. Extraskeletal ES typically presents paraspinally, in the limbs, and retroperitoneum. Rarely, it presents as a primary gastric ES. To our knowledge, there are only 13 reports of primary gastric ES, none of which originated in the cardia of the stomach. Increased identification of how extraskeletal ES, specifically primary gastric ES, presents and characterized is crucial for future treatment development and accurate prognosis. We present the case of a 36-year-old man with hematemesis, ultimately found to have primary gastric ES in the cardia.
The teaching of traumatic narratives: out-of-the-classroom engagement with non-canonical ‘chosen traumas’
Authors: Tal Nimrod
Published: September 2024

This article explores the intersection of history education and traumatic narratives, focusing on the impact of out-of-the-classroom learning experiences on the teaching of history during turbulent periods. Through a case study of history teacher training in contemporary Israel, it investigates how exposure to others’ troubled histories and past traumas outside the traditional classroom setting influences the personal, disciplinary, pedagogical and professional-educational development of prospective history educators. Drawing on qualitative analysis of reflection sheets and teaching materials generated by students during a course conducted in February 2024, the research focuses on field trips to two non-canonical sites of historical trauma in Israel: the Museum of the Kfar Qassim Massacre and the Gush Katif Museum. In both these locations participants encountered others’ narratives of collective suffering, loss and conflict. By examining the material produced amid the students’ own recent traumas, the article illuminates the complex interplay between historical consciousness, pedagogical practice and societal upheaval in the training of history teachers.
Implikasi Ajaran Pestalozzi Dalam Pembelajaran Sains di MI/SD Penyelenggara Inklusi
Authors: Prasetyo Sigit
Published: September 2024

Kendala yang sering dihadapi guru MI/SD dalam kegiatan pembelajaran untuk siswa inklusi adalah pembelajaran sains. jelaslah hal ini tidak sejalan dengan hakikat pembelajaran sains yang menekankan pelakunya untuk berperan aktif, memiliki kemampuan mobilitas, mampu mengeksplorasi alam sekitar, dan pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam penerapannya dikehidupan sehari-hari. Permasalahan dalam mempelajari sains pada siswa inklusi harus segera dicarikan jalan keluarnya. Jika tetap dibiarkan maka kemampuan siswa inklusi dalam pembelajaran sains akan semakin tertinggal dengan siswa pada umumnya.Ajaran Pestalozzi merupakan sesuatu yang harus diberikan kepada siswa MI/SD di sekolah penyelenggara inklusi, karena ajaran Pestalozzi mengandung muatan pendidikan moral yang dapat membentuk pribadi anak, supaya menjadi manusia yang baik, warga masyarakat, dan warga negara yang baik dan hidup setara dengan anak-anak normal lainnya. Pendidikan inklusi merupakan perkembangan pelayanan pendidikan terkini dari model pendidikan bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus, dimana prinsip mendasar dari pendidikan inklusi, selama memungkinkan, semua anak atau siswa seyogyanya belajar bersama-sama tanpa memandang kesulitan ataupun perbedaan yang mungkin ada pada mereka. Peranan guru sains dan perancang pembelajaran dalam mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran sains pada siswa MI/ SD di sekolah penyelenggara inklusi mestinya harus lebih banyak memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik untuk mengambil peran moral, baik di dalam lingkungan keluarga, lingkungan sekolah, lingkungan teman sebaya dan lingkungan masyarakarat yang lebih luas dengan memberikan keteladanan melalui proses peniruan, dimana semuanya harus dimulai dari pendidik itu sendiri.
Tingkat Keterampilan Menulis Karya Ilmiah Pada Guru-Guru MI Dalam Program Dual Mode System Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah Dan Keguruan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Authors: Karunia Putra Dona Aji
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat keterampilan menerapkan tatabahasa, menerapkan tatatulis ilmiah, mengorganisasikan isi makalah, dan memanfaatkan referensi dalam menulis karya ilmiah pada guru-guru MI dalam program dual mode system Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru MI dalam program dual mode system Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta cukup terampil dalam menyusun makalah dengan nilai rata-rata 65,25.
Kebijakan Manajemen Berbasis Madrasah dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Munajat Nur
Published: September 2024

Sentralisasi sistem manajemen pendidikan islam yang masih dikelola oleh Negara, dan dualisme pengelolaan oleh Kemendiknas dan Kementerian Agama telah menyebabkan lambatnya peningkatan mutu pendidikan Islam. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen berbasis pusat merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab kurang optimalnya mutu pendidikan Islam. Seiring dengan terus berlangsungnya otonomi daerah, mestinya kebijakan tentang Manajemen Berbasis Madrasah (MBM) dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan Islam sebagai wujud dari desentralisasi pendidikan merupakan suatu keniscayaan yang perlu segera dilakukan. Esensi MBM adalah otonomi madrasah plus pengambilan keputusan partisipatif. Tujuan MBM adalah untuk memberdayakan madrasah. Kebijakan MBM dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan Islam dapat diurutkan sebagai berikut : mensosialisasikan konsep MBM, melakukan analisis sasaran, mengidentifikasikan fungsi-fungsi yang diperlukan. Untuk mencapai sasaran, melakukan analisis SWOT, meyusun rencana madrasah, mengimplementasikan rencana madrasah dan merumuskan sasaran baru.
Korelasi antara Minat Baca Dengan Prestasi Belajar Kelas V MIN Wonosari Gunungkidul Yogyakarta Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Anisah Nisfi
Published: September 2024

Membaca merupakan sebuah keterampilan yang berkaitan erat dengan berbagai aspek pengetahuan, baik pengetahuan tentang ilmu sosial maupun sains. Bahkan membaca merupakan salah satu aspek ruang lingkup dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Sesuai dalam standar isi Madrasah Ibtidaiyah yang menyatakan bahwa “Yang diharapkan pada akhir pendidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, peserta didik telah membaca sekurang-kurangnya sembilan buku sastra dan nonsastra”. Namun, bagi sebagian siswa MIN Wonosari membaca adalah suatu hal yang dianggap membosankan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas V MIN Wonosari Gunungkidul Yogyakarta tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 sejumlah 39 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan teknik sampel jenuh dengan jumlah 37 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket, dokumentasi. serta observasi dan wawancara untuk mendukung data sekunder. Uji prasyarat analisis digunakan uji normalitas dan linieritas. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) minat baca siswa kelas V MIN Wonosari tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 termasuk kategori sedang dengan persentase 67,6%, (2) prestasi belajar siswa kelas V MIN Wonosari tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 termasuk kategori sedang dengan persentase sebesar 64,9%, (3) terdapat hubungan yang positif antara minat baca dengan prestasi belajar sebesar rxy = 0,724 dan diperoleh persamaan regresi Y= 47,985 + 0,632 (X).
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Asesmen Otentik Kurikulum 2013 Di MI Yogyakarta
Authors: Fatonah Siti
Published: September 2024

Perubahan KTSP menjadi kurikulum 2013 (K13) yang diberlakukan di beberapa sekolah di Yogyakarta, khususnya di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), tidak semuanya berjalan dengan lancar.Terdapat beberapa penyempurnaan pada Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP), salah satu standar yang disempurnakan adalah standar penilaiannya. Penilaian yang digunakan pada kurikulum 2013 adalah penilaian autentik. Penilaian ini didasarkan pada data yang mencerminkan kemampuan peserta didik, yakni penilaian yang didasarkan proses dan hasil pembelajaran, serta meliputi tiga ranah, yaitu pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan penilaian autentik dalam pembelajaran di MIN Jejeran Bantul, MIN Yogyakarta I dan MIN Yogyakarta II, meliputi; 1) perencanaan asesmen otentik; 2) implementasi asesmen otentik dalam proses pembelajaran; 3) kendala yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penyajian data dilakukan dengan menyusun secara sistematis data-data yang diperoleh, keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Analisis data kualitatif ini bersifat deskriptif-analitik, dengan prosedur mengumpulkan data, reduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Perencanaan penilaian autentik dilakukan pada saat pembuatan RPP. Teknik dan instrumen yang digunakan dalam penilaian autentik adalah observasi, penilaian diri, penilaian antar peserta didik, jurnal, tes lisan, tes tertulis, penugasan, dan unjuk kerja. Proses penilaian autentik dilaksanakan terintegrasi dengan proses pembelajaran tematik di kelas. Faktor pendukung dalam pelaksanaan penilaian autentik antara lain, adanya buku panduan guru, workshop dan diklat terkait kurikulum 2013, dan kerjasama yang baik antar guru. Sementara itu faktor penghambatnya yakni, terlalu banyaknya ranah yang dinilai, banyaknya jenis evaluasi, sulit didapatkannya buku tematik, dan guru merasa ada kesulitan tersendiri saat mereka memilah dan mengelompokkan soal sesuai dengan KD nya. Faktor penghambatnya adalah terlalu banyak ranah yang dinilai, sulit didapat dan terlambatnya buku tematik, serta adanya kesulitan tersendiri yang dialami oleh guru saat memilah dan mengelompokkan soal sesuai dengan KD
Seeing Sapa
Authors: Rawitsch Ezra
Published: September 2024

Central and Eastern European post-socialist states have undergone profound political and economic changes in the three decades since 1989. Although the dramatic transformations of the immediate post-socialist period were highly visible and widely documented, recent political and economic developments are crucial to understanding the region’s contemporary conjuncture. The broad trend of moving away from liberalism and toward an emergent authoritarian politics, both in the Visegrád states and elsewhere, raises new uncertainties regarding the rule of law, the civil rights of minority groups, and the status of democratic rule. Meanwhile, the region’s increasingly globalised economies have variously embraced and shunned Western economic influence, maintaining and cultivating trade and political linkages with the former “Soviet ecumene” and in Southeast and East Asia, notably China and Vietnam. Amid these trends, novel forms of urban space locate and reveal a variety of perspectives on the nature of the post-socialist transition. Since its founding in 1999, Sapa marketplace, on the outskirts of Prague, has become a focus of transnational trade networks and a cultural centre of the Vietnamese-Czech community in Czechia. Czech scholars have emphasised Sapa as an important centre of Vietnamese-Czech culture in the Czech Republic; I consider more expansively how Sapa can be conceptualised as a transnational and postsocialist urban space, and how legacies of migration and informal economic activity have contributed to its formation. I explore the material present of Sapa, which helps to locate, focus, and reveal specific legacies of the socialist past and the dynamics of the post-socialist transition.
“Makó — Not Only Hagyma”?
Authors: Apjok Vivien
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to present the role that onions and spa tourism play in local identity in the Hungarian town of Makó, as well as the possible explanations that cause the two phenomena to manifest differently in the local (urban and community) self-image. What the two phenomena have in common is the economic aspect, which in the past and in the present constitutes the main sector of the town, but we can see that this orientation is also perceived differently at many points. The question is relevant from an anthropological point of view because we can witness stacked layers of meaning that in some cases support or conflict with each other, and these affect both the self-image of the locals and the image of the town. The interpretive framework of the article is the theory of competing histories, incorporating concepts of tourism, festivals, identity, collective memory, and narrative research. The field of research is Makó, a small town in southeastern Hungary which is primarily known for its onion production but which a few years ago was also placed on the tourist map, on a national and international scale, in connection with the Hagymatikum Spa. This study seeks to answer the following questions: (1) what is the role of onions (agriculture) and spas (tourism) in the local identity of Makó; (2) how are the narratives of the two phenomena structured socially and historically; and (3) how are they intertwined in the endeavours of contemporary identity-construction? These questions are further interpreted through the theoretical framework of competing local histories and narratives that affect the construction of the local identity.
Year of the Snake
Authors: Napiórkowski Mateusz
Published: September 2024

Stories about wild and domesticated animals are among the most popular categories of urban legends. In modern folklore, they appear mysteriously, often following strange or scary happenings, like a quite recent tale, created in 2018, when the molted skin of a large snake (later identified as an Indian python) was found near the banks of the Vistula River in the suburbs of Warsaw. Owing to the extensive media coverage, the news spread quickly throughout Poland. For obvious reasons, people wondered where the snake was hiding. Several eyewitnesses, who could see the predator (or something that resembled it), wanted to give an account. Such animals then “disappear” forever but leave their mark on pop culture. The snake myth thus gave rise to numerous stand-up comedy acts, amateur music videos, and a comic book. This study analyses a number of such examples, obtained from the Internet. It also focuses on the mechanisms of the formation of urban legends, and their relation to fake news. One of the main questions of the article is therefore: why do these kinds of stories gain such wide popularity? Furthermore, the aim of the study is to analyse the reactions of Internet users to the news about the python. The topic was commented on by people with different world and political views, so it is worth considering whether the message about the python could play an important role in the integration of Polish society, or as a just another platform for the exchange of thoughts.
Sociologický výzkum jako podpora rozvojových projektů měst
Authors: Schmeidler Karel , Maršálková Kateřina
Published: September 2024

In the past, architectural building activity, as well as the construction of cities in the Czech Republic, mainly took into account quantitative considerations. The disregard of quality in buildings had a negative impact in many aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the influence of the environment upon mankind, including the impact of the artificially built environment. Currently, designers are feeling the impacts of the absence of a knowledge of the humanities and social sciences. The aim of the authors was to develop scientific procedures for pre-project and project preparation in the domains of architecture, town-planning, and the environment. They should help qualitatively raise the architectonic and urbanistic activities in a fast-changing urban world and under new socio-economic conditions. A multidisciplinary research team surveyed the possibilities of communicating the information acquired through the humanities and social sciences with respect to man and his environment, as well as the creative applications of the research methods of psychology and sociology in the environment, with an emphasis placed on data collection and evaluation. Practical applications of the acquired knowledge are found in the field of design and project preparation and in the reconstruction of existing environments such as the humanisation of housing estates, the renovation of villages, the reconstruction of central city districts, the reconstruction of degraded areas, etc.
Za Erazimem Kohákem (1933–2020)
Authors: Kružík Josef
Published: September 2024

V neděli 9. února jsem se ze sdíleného statusu na facebooku dozvěděl, že předchozího dne ve věku 86 let zemřel Erazim Kohák, který byl nerozlučitelně spjat s mými studentskými lety v Praze v druhé polovině devadesátých let. Patřil také k širšímu okruhu učitelů a osobností, jež spoluvytvářely jedinečné a neopakovatelné prostředí, v němž se uskutečňovalo studium na tehdejším Institutu základů vzdělanosti – předchůdci dnešní Fakulty humanitních studií UK.
K devadesátým narozeninám PhDr. Mirjam Moravcové, DrSc.
Authors: Novotná Hedvika
Published: September 2024

Málokdy se poštěstí mít možnost blahopřát k devadesátým narozeninám někomu, kdo je plný sil a aktivit, a to nejen badatelských a pedagogických. Paní doktorka Mirjam Moravcová ovšem, jak ji znám (a známe se takřka třicet let), jakoby neustále byla na vrcholu svých odborných zájmů a činností. Mám tedy radost, že jí mohu k jejímu jubileu poblahopřát nejen obvyklou formou rekapitulace života a díla jubilantky, ale mohu tuto vpravdě upřímnou gratulaci směřovat opravdu osobně, navíc s očekáváním dalších zajímavých prací a spoluprací.
Comparative Insights on Masking (or not) in Coping with Covid-19
Authors: Rasmussen Susan
Published: September 2024

This article explores attitudes and practices regarding covering in comparative perspective, focusing on the mask and masking and their promotion in two very different cultural settings that nonetheless also share some broad similarities: Niger, with particular emphasis on the Tuareg case and the mediating roles of smith/artisans in dissemination of cultural knowledge and health education, and the United States, with particular emphasis on as mediators and Texas in these processes. There is analysis of the cultural-symbolic and socio-political re-workings of meanings and uses of masking in relation to these settings’ prevalent, widely-held mores concerning facial covering and their wider significance for understanding theories of danger, pollution, and contagion in anthropology.
Bogomilové - duchovní předchůdci renesance a reformace v Evropě.
Authors: Nešpor Zdeněk R.
Published: September 2024

Bratislavské Bulharské kulturní a informační středisko po celou dobu své existence dokazuje, že i z minimálního množství prostředků a navzdory mnohým problémům technického rázu lze organizovat vědecké a kulturní akce nezanedbatelné hodnoty. Posledním příkladem takto vydařeného podniku byla červencová konference o bogomilech, na kterou se sjeli účastníci z pěti evropských i mimoevropských zemí.
Minority v pluralitní společnosti na přelomu tisíciletí.
Authors: Milerová Markéta
Published: September 2024

Konference Minority v pluralitní společnosti na přelomu tisíciletí se obsahově zabývala vztahem etnických i jinak se deklarujících menšin a většin v rámci obyvatel různých zemí Evropy. Uspořádala ji katedra psychologie Fakulty sociálních studií Masarykovy univerzity v Brně v rámci projektu nazvaného „Podpora optimálního vývoje osobnosti a intelektu dětí ze znevýhodněného sociokulturního prostredí jako cesta k respektování lidských práv".
Výstavy Národního muzea v Lobkovickém paláci v Praze; Filip II. a jeho doba (1556-1598) v českých sbírkách
Authors: Novotná Hedvika
Published: September 2024

Španělský král Filip II. je v české historiografii postavou poměrně kontroverzní. Protišpanělská legenda, která se v Čechách rozšířila zejména za romantismu a jíž se dostalo popularity také díky mistrovským uměleckým dílům, jako je Schillerův Don Carlos či stejnojmenná opera G. Verdiho, přežila na poli historie prakticky dodnes. Výstava, uspořádaná v Lobkovickém paláci ve spolupráci se Španělským velvyslanectvím, byla věnována čtyřstému výročí úmrtí tohoto význačného panovníka. Její autor, Dr. Pavel Štěpánek, se pokusil jak o panovníkovu rehabilitaci, tak i o připomenutí vlivu španělské kultury v předbělohorských Čechách.
František kardinál Tomášek 100 let od narození
Authors: Novotná Hedvika
Published: September 2024

"Drazí spoluobčané, obracím se na Vás několik hodin po návratu z Říma, kde jsem se zúčastnil kanonizace naší Anežky Přemyslovny. Ona, královská dcera, sice odešla do ústraní kláštera z lásky k Bohu a k bližnímu, ale nepřestala být se svým lidem v jeho slávě i ponížení. Ani mně nemůže být cizí osud mého národa a všech obyvatel našeho státu. Nesmím mlčet ve chvíli, kdy jste se sjednotili k mohutnému protestu proti bezpráví páchanému na nás po čtyři desetiletí."
Muzeum dějin lékařství ve Varně
Authors: Skružný Ludvík
Published: September 2024

Jedním z nejmladších muzeí města Varny, které není součástí komplexu muzeí a památníků "Kulturně historické dědictví - Varna", které ale 300 tisícové přístavní město Varnu důstojně reprezentuje, je "Muzeum dějin lékařství ve Varně". Bylo založeno až v roce 1978 v budově, která byla první bulharskou nemocnicí, dostavěnou dne 8. listopadu 1869 z peněz (126 900 stříbrných rublů) darovaných k tomu účelu Paraskievem Nikolau, který v polovině 19. století uprchl z Varny ovládané Turky do ruské Oděsy.
Muzea Varny
Authors: Skružný Ludvík
Published: September 2024

Při návštěvě Varny neopomeňte slédnout ani komplex muzeí a památníků Kulturně historického dědictví Varny, sestávajících z neobyčejně zajímavého Archeologického muzea, ve kterém je vystavena i rozsáhlá kolekce ikon 16. až 19. století, u zrodu které stál archimandrita Inokentij. Muzeum zaujímá celou budovu někdejšího dívčího gymnázia, v němž byly od roku 1906 prezentovány muzejní sbírky v suterénních místnostech a po obvodu vnitřního dvora.
Marie L. Neudorflová: České ženy v 19. století. Úsilí a sny, úspěchy i zklamání na cestě k emancipaci.
Authors: Šťovíček Jan
Published: September 2024

A review of the book by Marie L. Neudorflová.
Nina Pavelčíková: Romské obyvatelstvo na Ostravsku (1945-1975).
Authors: Nosková Helena
Published: September 2024

A review of the book by Nina Pavelčíková.
Hans Maier: Politická náboženství. Totalitární režimy a křesťanství.
Authors: Nešpor Zdeněk R.
Published: September 2024

A review of the book by Hans Maier.
Zuzana Beňušková a kolektiv: Tradičná kultúra regiónov Slovenska, prehl'ad charakteristických znakov.
Authors: Kavinová Alice
Published: September 2024

A review of the book by Zuzana Beňušková.
Tense Interactions in Times of Uncertainty
Authors: Očková Katarína
Published: September 2024

This thematic issue sheds light on navigations of otherness and relations of mistrust during times of uncertainty and insecurity. These often-tense interactions take many shapes and occur within, as well as across, boundaries set in terms of ethnicity, religion, kinship, gender, political ideology, citizenship status, health risk, and contagion. As the articles in this issue demonstrate, during such uncertain times, people search for ways to negotiate tensions surrounding the relationship between sameness and otherness (Bauman 2001). This involves navigating various challenges, especially when crossing borders or symbolic boundaries, while carefully following the processes involved in creating and maintaining them. Additionally, individuals may have to face inequalities, structural violence, xenophobia, and rising extremism. Furthermore, they may need to negotiate issues of mistrust and risk in contexts of contagion, illness, and (mis)information. And, sadly, many people are forced to navigate the effects of critical events (Das 1995) on their everyday life and social relationships in contexts of conflict and crisis.
Writing the Forbidden
Authors: Manjula Devaprakash Sruti
Published: September 2024

Three texts have been chosen for this study: Daya Pawar’s life-narrative Baluta, Perumal Murugan’s historical fiction One Part Woman, and Hansda Sowvendra Shekhar’s short story collection The Adivasi Will Not Dance. These writers hail from various subaltern groups of the Indian subcontinent, with diverse ethnicities. Besides subalternity, a significant thread connecting these texts is that the writers’ respective communities took offence at the portrayal of their cultures. This study explores the self-representation of the community through a close reading of the texts, and theorizes the relationship between the writer, narrator, characters, and the community. The paper analyses how the writer employs the community in the narrative and the role this plays in the respective spatiotemporal contexts of the texts. Given the chosen texts are of different genres – a Dalit life-narrative, a historical novel, and short stories – the paper also explores the genre-ic/form-al differences in the representation/use of the community.
Report from the Visegrad Fund Workshop in Bratislava
Authors: Kováčová Viktória
Published: September 2024

On the 23rd and 24th of March 2023, the Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences of Comenius University (FSEV UK) in Bratislava hosted an interesting and enriching hybrid workshop. It was organized on the occasion of a Visegrad Fund project entitled “Assessing the study of religious change in Central-Eastern Europe: New fields in the study of religious change in Central-Eastern Europe”. During the two days, junior and senior researchers discussed issues related to religion and spirituality, as well as religious changes and processes in V4 countries. The primary goals of the project were to “strengthen cooperation between scholars in the field of religion in the V4 [countries], to make current research in this field of study visible, and to support social dialogue on religious changes in [the given] regions” (FSV UK 2023). The primary goal of the organizers of the workshop was to create a safe environment where young researchers could receive constructive feedback and potential suggestions for improvement, which could then strengthen their experience and interest in their given field of study.
Phil Buchanan: Giving Done Right, Effective Philanthropy and Making Every Dollar Count
Authors: Kroupa Jan
Published: September 2024

A review of the book by Phil Buchanan.