bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxon Run Parkway: Paleontological resource inventory; supplement to the National Capital Parks-East paleontological resource inventory
Authors: Nelson Margot , Antonioni Michael , Santucci Vincent , Tweet Justin
Published: August 2021

Oxon Run Parkway (OXRN) is a 51-hectare (126-acre) natural area within Washington, D.C. administered by the National Park Service under National Capital Parks East (NACE). The original plan called for a road, slated to follow Oxon Run stream, but this never came to fruition; despite this, the moniker stuck. The majority of the original Oxon Run Parkway is managed by the District of Columbia. The section of Oxon Run Parkway under NPS jurisdiction contains wetlands and forests, as well as the only McAteean magnolia bogs still remaining in the District. The lower Cretaceous Potomac Group, known as one of the few dinosaur-bearing rock units on the east coast of North America, crops out within Oxon Run. One of the most prevalent fossil-bearing resources are the siderite, or “bog iron” sandstone slabs that sometimes preserve the footprints or trackways of various vertebrates, including dinosaurs. Such trackways have been reported from Potomac Group outcrops throughout the Atlantic Coastal Plain of Maryland and Virginia. In 2019, National Capital Parks-East took possession of such a track, referred to a dinosaur, collected by paleontologist Dr. Peter Kranz. This report was compiled after a paleontological survey of Oxon Run Parkway and is intended as a supplement to the National Capital Parks East Paleontological Resource Inventory (Nelson et al. 2019). This report contains information on the history of Oxon Run Parkway and its geology, as well as discussion of the fossil track.
Discharge Characterization and Variability Determination along Shorter Sections of Soaker Hose Pipe for Soil Column Experiment
Authors: Salisu Abdullahi , Wayayok Aimrun , Abdallah Ahmad F. , Kamal Rowshon Md.
Published: August 2021

Unlike other micro-irrigation facilities like a drip, trickle, and sprinklers that emits water at regularly spaced intervals with predefined discharges, porous rubber pipes (soaker hose) has openings of variable sizes that become unevenly spaced with uneven distribution. The latter makes discharge to be variant along its lateral. Shorter sections are used under laboratory column experiments of soil wetting pattern studies and for this reason, laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the extent of emission rates variability on short sections of commercial Irrigation Soaker Hose, 16 mm diameter. Three sections of 10 cm length pipes were randomly selected from 15 no's cuts from different parts of the twenty meters length pipe bundle and used to investigate the extent of variability on emission rates characteristics under six different operating pressures. The result was achieved by collecting and measuring water emitted through the pipe sections at pre-determined pressures. The various discharges, coefficient of variation, and pressure-discharge curves of the section of the pipe then determined from the data. The result shows somewhat similar trends on the increase for water collected with an increase in pressures; however, when statistically compared, the discharges among the pipe sections vary. The values of Coefficient of Variation (CV) are less than 10 % as the values CV range from 0.92 % to 5.82 %, which is within a good category, according to ASAE Standard EP405.1 of 0-10%. The findings indicate that, despite variations among the investigated sections, it can use any part as a representative unit in the soil column experiments with reasonable accuracy.
Implementasi E-Commerce Menggunakan CMS WordPress Pada UMK Organik Hebat
Authors: Ratih  , Diana Sukma Ajeng
Published: August 2021

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini mengalami kemajuan yang pesat dan berdampak pada dunia bisnis bahkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu kegunaan internet adalah sebagai sarana pemasaran produk. Pemasaran merupakan hal yang penting bagi pemilik usaha, terutama pada usaha kecil atau biasa disebut dengan UMK (Usaha Kecil Mikro). UMK Organik Hebat adalah UMK yang memproduksi pupuk organik dan menjual bibit pohon perkebunan. Saat ini proses bisnis di UMK Organik Hebat masih menggunakan sistem manual. Pembeli datang langsung ke penjual untuk melakukan transaksi. Promosi produk juga masih tradisional dari mulut ke mulut. Selama ini kendala yang dialami antara lain kurangnya pemasaran dan tidak adanya laporan yang dapat dicetak melalui sistem sehingga pemilik UMK Organik Hebat hanya menyimpan catatan penjualan yang kemudian direkap di buku besar.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan CMS Wordpress untuk membantu mempromosikan sekaligus mempermudah penyusunan laporan bisnis untuk meningkatkan penjualan dengan membuat website E-Commerce yang mengimplementasikan plugin CMS WordPress dan WooCommerce serta My SQL sebagai sistem manajemen database sehingga pelaku usaha dapat mengelola bisnis mereka secara lebih efektif. dan efisien. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan, observasi dan wawancara. Sedangkan untuk metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode waterfall. Hasil penelitian dari implementasi e-commerce menggunakan WordPress CMS dan plugin WooCommerce di UMK Organik Hebat dapat digunakan untuk membuat toko online dan membantu mempromosikan pemasaran produk serta mengelola laporan bisnis
Doping - zakázané látky a metódy „Uvedomenie“
Authors: CEHLÁRIK Ľuboš
Published: August 2021

Príspevok sa zameriava na problematiku dopingu, užívanie zakázaných látok a metód. Zamerali sme sa na históriu pojmu doping, na jeho vysvetlenie z hľadiska viacerých odborných štúdií. V rámci užívania zakázaných dopingových látok a metód je badať ich veľké množstvo, preto sa príspevok zameriava aj na ich systematické rozdelenie so stručným opisom negatívnych vlastností na ľudský organizmus, pričom v závere kladieme otázku, čo bude s čistotou športu ďalej? Príspevok neposkytuje odpovede, necháva čitateľa ďalej o problematike uvažovať s cieľom „uvedomenia“ – a to nie len športovcov profesionálov, ale aj športovcov amatérov.
Operativně pátrací činnost v trestním řízení
Authors: CHMELÍK Jan
Published: August 2021

V textu příspěvku autor analyzuje postupy před zahájením trestního řízení, jejich právní základ a vztah k trestnímu řízení, zejména pokud jde o tzv. operativně pátrací činnost v praxi. Praxe je totiž stále nejednotná ve významu a uplatnění výsledků těchto postupů v trestním řízení, vyskytují se stále nestandardní postupy, které jsou podřazovány pod zákonnou úpravu trestního řízení (pod trestní řád), včetně tápání o způsobech ukončení
šetření prováděného podle policejního zákona, kterým nebyly zjištěny informace zakládající podezření ze spáchání trestného činu.
Substitution of Plastics with Organic Pots in Tree Seedlings Production for Sustainable Environmental Conservation
Authors: Mwangi Wambui , Kariuki Samuel , Wagara Nyambura
Published: August 2021

The Mau Forest Complex, Kenya, is the location where the study below was done with the aim of investigating if small-scale operators of tree nurseries are will to embrace and use biodegradable seedling pots. These containers include baskets made of plant fibre and bamboo tubes as well as to determine the tree species that could form a denser canopy to be used in reafforestation. This study hypothesized that biodegradable pots could promote better growth of tree seedlings and offer more environmental-friendly benefits in comparison to the extensively utilized polythene containers. Biodegradable seedling pots are options friendly to the environment compared to plastic pots commonly used in activities in the greenhouse and nurseries. The use of compostable and plantable containers based on natural and renewable materials derived from plant materials have a potential market to boost the sustainable character of current tree production systems. Three species were planted including, Hagenia abyssinica in Gatimu, Juniperus procera and Olea europea subsp. africana in Mwisho wa Lami. Basket tubes gave the highest vigor (62.429 cm) with H. abyssinica in Gatimu while bamboo (58.048cm) and control (52.667cm) did not show a significant difference at p = 0.05 level. Olea europea subsp. africana generally demonstrated higher vigor with all the applied treatments than J. procera in Mwisho wa Lami. Basket treatment gave the highest height and number of branches for the two plant species while bamboo and control treatments did not have any significant differences at p = 0.05. In this study it was found that seedling bags made from plant fibres could be adopted in tree seedling propagation to remove the synthetic plastics for sustainable environmental conservation. Hagenia abysinica was also recommended for reafforestation as it formed a quick canopy.
Effects of poultry litter and inorganic fertilizer on growth and productivity of Rhizobia inoculated and non-inoculated beans
Authors: Olet Eunice , Mubiru David
Published: August 2021

Agriculture has been the most contributing sector towards Uganda’s economy. However, its output has always been hampered by declining soil fertility leading to reduced yields, increased agricultural losses, and malnourishment among low-income earners. In Uganda, there is scanty research about the effectiveness of either organic or inorganic fertilizers in crop production. Therefore, there was a need to establish the effectiveness of inorganic fertilizer (N: P: K; 17:17:17) and organic fertilizer (poultry manure/litter) on the growth, and productivity of rhizobia inoculated and non-inoculated bio-fortified NAROBEAN 2 variety, which is rich in iron and zinc, high yielding and drought resistant.  A randomized complete block design experiment was conducted at Mbarara Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MBAZARDI). Poultry litter was applied at the rate of (10t/ha), N: P: K 17:17:17 at 20.3 kg ha-1, and Rhizobia at 250g per 15 kg of beans. Treatments were; Rhizobia + N: P: K 17:17:17 (M 1), Rhizobia + Poultry litter (M 2), Rhizobia only (M 3), Poultry litter only (M 4), N: P: K 17:17:17 only (M 5) and the control (M 6). Growth parameters included the number of leaves, branches, and shoot height; and productivity parameters included the number of pods produced per plant and economic yield. Statistical analyses were done at 5% level of significance. The growth parameters showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) while the bean grain yield and productivity were significantly different (p < 0.05) under the various treatments. Rhizobia + Poultry litter and N: P: K 17:17:17 only, produced the highest effect on both growth and productivity as compared to other treatments. Application of rhizobia with poultry manure was the best soil treatment for increasing the growth and productivity of NAROBEAN 2. This will increase production, food security, abate malnutrition, and sustainably improve soil quality.
Evaluating the efficacy of flashing lights in deterring livestock attacks by predators: a case study of Meibae Community Conservancy, Northern Kenya
Authors: Wanjira Jane , Ndiwa Titus C. , Gichuki Nathan , Wykstra Mary
Published: August 2021

Pastoralists living in the arid and semi-arid areas of Africa have for centuries coexisted with wildlife. They frequently share the same environmental resources with wildlife, are exposed to common risks including disease and drought, and in some cases, and are antagonistic to one another, particularly when competing for limited resources. In recent years, negative interactions between wildlife and humans have increased due to the decline of wildlife habitat, which has led to greater conflict. In the Meibae Community Conservancy, there has been a concern in recent years over increased human-wildlife conflict. Retaliatory killings raised concerns for the conservation of carnivore species. This study evaluated the effectiveness of non-lethal mitigation measures, in particular the use of predator deterrent lights, in reducing night attacks on livestock by large carnivores in Meibae Community Conservancy. The study assessed the effectiveness of the technique by determining the number of predator visits using tracks and sightings both at homesteads fitted with light units, and those without deterrents. The findings indicate that homesteads fitted with flashing deterrent lights recorded a lower number of visits by predators (2.4 visits/homestead) compared to those without lights (3.4 visits/homestead). Despite finding no significant difference (p>0.05) in the number of visits for homesteads with lights and those without lights, this study concluded that flashing deterrent lights have the potential in reducing cases of successful livestock attacks at bomas even though predators remained inquisitive. Flashing lights can contribute to the conservation of large carnivores by reducing conflicts between predators and livestock owners.
Comparative Analysis of Biotechnology Policies and Biosafety Regulatory Regime in the Eastern Africa Countries
Authors: Mugiira Roy B.
Published: August 2021

Building a vibrant bio-economy enterprise in the East African region requires facilitative policies and regulatory regimes that allow for the development and application of bio-based technologies in the national production systems. Modern biotechnology, the ability to transfer genes from one organism to another, across species barriers and resulting in genetically modified organisms (GMOs), is a critical technological tool in the sustainable exploitation of genetic resources. The Eastern Africa States are at various stages in the development of biotechnology policies and biosafety regulatory frameworks for the governance of modern biotechnology in response to the global biosafety regulatory instrument, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB). This variance presents a hindrance in the countries’ full application of modern biotechnology, thereby limiting their ability to effectively participate in the global bio-economy enterprise. A desk analysis methodology was applied to review information available in the public domain as regards the status of biotechnology policies and biosafety regulatory regimes in eight Eastern Africa countries. The objective of the analysis was to assess their readiness to harness modern biotechnology and generate policy advisory to facilitate the development and application of modern biotechnology. The overall impression of the biotechnology policies and biosafety regulatory regimes in the region is generally restrictive. There is a ban on the importation of genetically modified food in Kenya, a moratorium on the same in Rwanda, strict liability in Tanzania, and varying degrees of precautionary overtones in policy statements in some of the other countries. A recent review of restrictive provisions of biosafety laws in Ethiopia and biosafety regulations in Tanzania has allowed the commercial growing of genetically modified crops (Bt. Cotton) and conduct of confined field trials research on GMOs, respectively.
Alternativen zur Ölheizung
Authors: Wiegand Marlies , Gehlert Gunther , Schiller Frank
Published: August 2021

Ob mit oder ohne Brennwertnutzung: Die Tage der mit fossilem Öl befeuerten Heizung sind gezählt. Vor 1991 errichtete Heizkessel dürfen nicht mehr betrieben werden (GEG, § 72 [1]), neuere Heizkessel dürfen nur bis zum Ablauf von 30 Jahren seit Aufstellung laufen. Ab 2026 dürfen Ölkessel nur in Kombination mit erneuerbaren Energien in Betrieb genommen werden. Die Verunsicherung der Hauseigentümerinnen und -eigentümer ist groß. Dazu tragen auch die schrittweise steigende CO2-Bepreisung und die in Aussicht gestellte steuerliche Gegenfinanzierung der EEG-Umlage bei. Wer vor dem Umstieg von fossilen Energiequellen zu Ökostrom steht, sollte dies mit einkalkulieren. Dieser Beitrag soll die Diskussion zur Modernisierung der Wärmeversorgung versachlichen und Trends aufzeigen, die eine heutige Entscheidung für eine bestimmte Wärmeerzeuger-Technologie erleichtern. Die Methodik ist in [2] dargelegt.
Speichermanagement und Reduzierung der Wärmeerzeugerleistung
Authors: Goeke Johannes
Published: August 2021

Im ersten Teil des Beitrags (erschienen in HLH Bd. 72 (2021) Nr. 5) wurde einleitend die Bedeutung eines thermischen Speichers bei der Wärmeversorgung von Gebäuden hervorgehoben. Er sollte als gleichrangig zum Wärmeerzeuger angesehen werden. Die großen Schwankungen im Wärmebedarf, insbesondere zwischen Tag und Nacht, machen eine außergewöhnlich effiziente Nutzung eines Speichers sichtbar und verringern die maximal einzusetzende Wärmeerzeugerleistung.
Großküchen werden immer smarter
Authors: Göhringer Peter
Published: August 2021

Der digitale Wandel schreitet auch in der Profiküche voran: Große Gemeinschaftsküchen und die Systemgastronomie sind momentan das Testfeld für die vernetzte Küche von morgen. Das Ziel: mehr Produktivität. Das fordert auch den TGA-Fachplaner heraus. Die Industrie unterstützt ihn durch intelligente Produkte, die netzwerkfähig sind. Hier winken neue Gestaltungs- und Umsatzmöglichkeiten.
Bilanziell CO2-neutrales Heizsystem für Mehrfamilienhäuser
Authors: Asenbeck Sebastian , Leibfried Ulrich , Stork Hans , Fischer Stephan
Published: August 2021

Elektrisch betriebene Wärmeerzeuger könnten zukünftig maßgeblich zum Gelingen einer dringend notwendigen Wärmewende beitragen. Eine wesentliche Herausforderung in diesem Kontext: Für ihren Betrieb muss kontinuierlich ausreichend grüner Strom zur Verfügung stehen. Speziell hiefür entwickelte PVT-Wärmepumpenkollektoren stellen neben Luft und Erdreich eine neue alleinige Energiequelle für Wärmepumpen dar.
Nutzen, was vom Himmel kommt
Authors: Lachwa Jacqueline
Published: August 2021

Für die ressourcenschonende Sanitärinstallation in Ein- und Mehrfamilienhäusern ist eine Regenwassernutzungsanlage ein effektiver Baustein der Gebäudetechnik. Das Sammeln und Verwenden von Regenwasser spart wertvolles Trinkwasser. Es kann neben der Gartenbewässerung für die Toiletten- und Waschmaschinennutzung sowie zum Reinigen von Terrassen, Wegen und Höfen rund ums Haus zum Einsatz kommen – wirtschaftlich und umweltfreundlich.
Neue Chance für NASS
Authors: Genath Bernd
Published: August 2021

Es droht kein Wassermangel. Es droht ein Mangel an sauberem Wasser, es droht ein Mangel an sauberen Gewässern. Es drohen überhitzte Innenstädte mangels Verdunstungswasser. Es droht mangels Energie- und Wassermanagement ein Mangel an grüner Energie zur Wasseraufbereitung. Und es droht mangels Information und Aufklärung eine mangelnde Einsicht zum Wassersparen. Das Bundesumweltministerium (BM U) legte deshalb Anfang Juni den Vorschlag für eine Nationale Wasserstrategie vor.
INFLUENCE OF ERRORS OF TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND ORIENTATION OF RADIO- TECHNICAL MEANS OF AIRSPACE CONTROL ON ESTIMATES OF COORDINATE INFORMATION ISSUED BY THEM
Authors: Dzhus V. , Haibadulov B. , Kaluhin D. , Tytarenko R. , Kukobko S.
Published: August 2021

The last decade is characterized by a number of military conflicts, in most episodes of which the achievement of the goal (reconnaissance and (or) defeat of certain targets) by the warring parties is mostly achieved through the use of aircraft, including small and (or) unmanned. The main difference is to obtain the desired results without a direct collision with the enemy ground component of troops (forces).

Most of the recommended measures to combat aircraft in modern conditions can be reduced to: the rational construction of battle order (using the air defense separation), the widespread use of covert communications, radio reconnaissance and electronic warfare, the creation of erroneous and camouflage combat (reserve) positions of air defense means , automation of transmission and processing of information about the air situation with the use of modern technologies and increase the accuracy of coordinate information provided to combat (or fire) means.

Improving the accuracy of coordinate information causes: the possibility of searchless detection and (or) capture of air targets by fire, increasing the survivability of air defense systems by reducing working hours (including time for "radiation") and rapid change of their positions after the task. Modern algorithms for processing coordinate information provided by air defense systems take into account the errors of measurement of primary coordinates by radio engineering, the delay time of information in communication channels and its possible distortion. At the same time, they do not explicitly take into account the influence of topographic errors and orientation errors of radio equipment.

In the work, with the use of methods of mathematical statistics and mathematical modeling, the analysis of influence of topographic errors and orientation of radio-technical means of airspace control on estimations of the coordinate information issued by them is carried out. The obtained ratios allow to make an appropriate assessment and provide recommendations for further research.

In the work with the use of methods of mathematical statistics and mathematical modeling, the analysis of the influence of topographic errors and orientation of radio engineering means of airspace control on the estimates of coordinate information issued by them is carried out. The obtained ratios allow to make an appropriate assessment and provide recommendations for further research.

The obtained results can be used in tests of radio-technical means of information support, in information processing algorithms and automated control systems.
ANALYSIS OF THE NEW NATIONAL STANDARD ON STANDARDIZATION AND UNIFICATION OF SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
Authors: Shaporenko V. , Kozyr A. , Zroichykov D. , Shabanov D. , Itcenko D.
Published: August 2021

Urgency of the research. On January 1, 2021, the national standard of Ukraine DSTU VP 15.111:2019 “System of development and supply for the production of armament and military equipment. Standardization and unification of armament and military equipment. Rules of carrying out works”. Analysis of the innovations of this standard and identification of problematic issues regarding its application is certainly relevant.

Target setting. Features of application of the implemented national standard.

Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Due to the short-lived effect of the national standard, there is no information on research and publications on this issue.

Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The problem has not been studied in general.

The research objective. The purpose of the research is to conduct an analysis to identify the main innovations of the national standard and identify problematic issues of its application in practice.

The statement of basic material. A comparative analysis of the content of the national standard and the abolished interstate standards, to replace which it was introduced. It is also determined that the national standard assumes calculation on several types of indicators of standardization and unification, which give different results, but there are no recommendations on the choice of a specific type of indicator for calculation.

Conclusions. The main features of the national standard in contrast to the previous interstate standards and the problematic issue, which is the choice of the type of quantitative indicator of unification and standardization of military products, which is confirmed by expert assessment.
The Relationship Between Group Cohesion and Team Achievement: The Case of University Handball 2. League Teams
Authors: ÖZDEMİR İlknur , SEVİLMİŞ Ali
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the success ranking of competitive handball teams at the same league level (2nd league) according to the group cohesion level and to determine the relationship between success ranking and group cohesion. Group cohesion was determined according to the Team Environment Questinnaire (GEQ), which was developed by Carron et al. (1985), and adapted to Turkish athletes by Unutmaz et al. (2011). As a result of the research, task cohesion levels of the teams that came first in the competition and the other teams are similar. The task cohesion level of men's teams is higher than women's teams. In addition, the relationship between social cohesion and team success, and between task cohesion and gender were analyzed.

As a result, it has been concluded that although task cohesion is necessary, it is not enough to achieve top positions, high social cohesion in the teams in the lowest league may cause failure and men exhibit more task cohesion than women in order to win.
SVD-Krylov based Sparsity-preserving Techniques for Riccati-based Feedback Stabilization of Unstable Power System Models
Authors: Uddin Mahtab , Uddin M. Monir , Khan M. A. Hakim , Hossain M. Tanzim
Published: August 2021

We propose an efficient sparsity-preserving reduced-order modelling approach for index-1 descriptor systems extracted from large-scale power system models through two-sided projection techniques. The projectors are configured by utilizing Gramian based singular value decomposition (SVD) and Krylov subspace-based reduced-order modelling. The left projector is attained from the observability Gramian of the system by the low-rank alternating direction implicit (LR-ADI) technique and the right projector is attained by the iterative rational Krylov algorithm (IRKA). The classical LR-ADI technique is not suitable for solving Riccati equations and it demands high computation time for convergence. Besides, in most of the cases, reduced-order models achieved by the basic IRKA are not stable and the Riccati equations connected to them have no finite solution. Moreover, the conventional LR-ADI and IRKA approach not preserves the sparse form of the index-1 descriptor systems, which is an essential requirement for feasible simulations. To overcome those drawbacks, the fitting of LR-ADI and IRKA based projectors from left and right sides, respectively, desired reduced-order systems attained. So that, finite solution of low-rank Riccati equations, and corresponding feedback matrix can be executed. Using the mechanism of inverse projection, the Riccati-based optimal feedback matrix can be computed to stabilize the unstable power system models. The proposed approach will maintain minimized ℌ2 -norm of the error system for reduced-order models of the target models.
GENERATION OF AN OPTIMAL LOW-ALTITUDE TRAJECTORY FOR A FIXED-WING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE IN A MOUNTAINOUS AREA
Authors: Maghsoudi Hossein , Kosari Amirreza Kosari
Published: August 2021

In this study, the three-dimensional optimal trajectory planning of an unmanned fixed-wing aerial vehicle was investigated for Terrain Following – Terrain Avoidance (TF-TA) purposes using the Direct Collocation method. For this purpose, firstly, the appropriate equations representing the translational movement of the aircraft were described. The three-dimensional optimal trajectory planning of the flying vehicle was formulated in the TF-TA manoeuvre as an optimal control problem. The terrain profile, as the main allowable height constraint was modelled using the Fractal Generation Method. The resulting optimal control problem was discretized by applying the Direct Collocation numerical technique and then, was transformed into a Nonlinear Programming Problem (NLP). The efficacy of the proposed method was demonstrated by extensive simulations, and it was particularly verified that the purposed approach can produce a solution satisfying almost all the performance and environmental constraints encountering in a low -altitude flight.
EFFECT OF AIR PERMEABILITY ON STABILITY OF SUPERSONIC PARACHUTE
Authors: Yang Xue
Published: August 2021

A compressible air permeability model is developed to simulate the aerodynamic performance of the supersonic porous canopy. And a single-degree-of-freedom model is applied to analyse the static stability of the parachute. By using this method, the flow structure of the parachute system with big attack angle is obtained. The aerodynamic moment coefficients of porous and nonporous canopies are compared to discuss the effect of air permeability on stability of the supersonic parachute. The numerical results show that aerodynamic moment coefficient of the system with air permeability has larger oscillation amplitude and value than that without air permeability. This method can be developed as a potential method to select the supersonic parachute initially.
RESEARCH OF RELATION OF SAMPLERS FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Tankeliun Tomaš
Published: August 2021

The approach to reduce the amplitude noise of a vertical channel of the sampling oscilloscope is presented in this paper. In general, the vertical channel of the sampling oscilloscope consists of a high-frequency sampling circuit and a relatively low-frequency sample transmission path along with a high bit resolution analogto-digital converter. The paper presents a method to improve the sensitivity of the vertical channel of a stroboscopic oscilloscope by extending the conventional channel architecture. The main vertical channel unit of the oscilloscope is a sampling device (sampler), which made of discrete elements and usually implemented using high frequency diodes. The sampler performs a transformation of the sample of the high-frequency signal under test into a low-frequency equivalent signal (otherwise called a balance impulse). In a conventional sampling device, this pulse is quantized once the amplitude is at its highest, thus achieving the best signal-to-noise ratio. The paper analyzes the operating parameters of the sampling device circuit and their influence on the output signal of the sampler. In this approach uses the fastest (15 MHz) high-resolution (18-bit) analog-to-digital converters currently on the market to reduce the amplitude noise of vertical channel based on conventional architecture. Our research has shown that it is possible to obtain an increase in the signal-tonoise ratio of almost 1.3 times.
BUS TRAVEL TIME PREDICTION USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES FOR HIGH VARIANCE CONDITIONS
Authors: Bachu Anil Kumar , Reddy Kranthi Kumar , Vanajakshi Lelitha
Published: August 2021

Real-time bus travel time prediction has been an interesting problem since past decade, especially in India. Popular methods for travel time prediction include time series analysis, regression methods, Kalman filter method and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. Reported studies using these methods did not consider the high variance situations arising from the varying traffic and weather conditions, which is very common under heterogeneous and lane-less traffic conditions such as the one in India. The aim of the present study is to analyse the variance in bus travel time and predict the travel time accurately under such conditions. Literature shows that Support Vector Machines (SVM) technique is capable of performing well under such conditions and hence is used in this study. In the present study, nu-Support Vector Regression (SVR) using linear kernel function was selected. Two models were developed, namely spatial SVM and temporal SVM, to predict bus travel time. It was observed that in high mean and variance sections, temporal models are performing better than spatial. An algorithm to dynamically choose between the spatial and temporal SVM models, based on the current travel time, was also developed. The unique features of the present study are the traffic system under consideration having high variability and the variables used as input for prediction being obtained from Global Positioning System (GPS) units alone. The adopted scheme was implemented using data collected from GPS fitted public transport buses in Chennai (India). The performance of the proposed method was compared with available methods that were reported under similar traffic conditions and the results showed a clear improvement.
The Infrared Echo of SN2010jl and Its Implications for Shock Breakout Characteristics
Authors: Dwek Eli , Sarangi Arkaprabha , Arendt Richard G. , Kallman Timothy , Kazanas Demos , Fox Ori D.
Published: August 2021

SN 2010jl is a Type IIn core-collapse supernova whose radiative output is powered by the interaction of the supernova (SN) shock wave with its surrounding dense circumstellar medium (CSM). After day ∼60, its light curve developed a near-infrared (NIR) excess emission from dust. This excess could be a thermal IR echo from preexisting CSM dust, or emission from newly formed dust either in the cooling post-shock region of the CSM, or in the cooling SN ejecta. Recent analysis has shown that dust formation in the CSM can commence only after day ∼380, and has also ruled out newly formed ejecta dust as the source of the NIR emission. The early (<380 days) NIR emission can therefore only be attributed to an IR echo. The H–K color temperature of the echo is about 1250 K. The best-fitting model requires the presence of about 1.6 × 10−4
M
⊙ of amorphous carbon dust at a distance of 2.2 × 1016 cm from the explosion. The CSM-powered luminosity is preceded by an intense burst of hard radiation generated by the breakout of the SN shock through the stellar surface. The peak burst luminosity seen by the CSM dust is significantly reduced by Thomson scattering in the CSM, but still has the potential of evaporating the dust needed to produce the echo. We show that the survival of the echo-producing dust provides important constraints on the intensity, effective temperature, and duration of the burst.
Generic Models for Disk-resolved and Disk-integrated Phase-dependent Linear Polarization of Light Reflected from Exoplanets
Authors: Chakrabarty Aritra , Sengupta Sujan
Published: August 2021

Similar to the case of solar system planets, reflected starlight from exoplanets is expected to be polarized due to atmospheric scattering, and the net disk-integrated polarization should be nonzero owing to the asymmetrical illumination of the planetary disk. The computation of the disk-integrated reflected flux and its state of polarization involves techniques for the calculation of the local reflection matrices, as well as the numerical recipes for integration over the planetary disks. In this paper, we present a novel approach to calculate the azimuth-dependent reflected intensity vectors at each location on the planetary disk divided into grids. We achieve this by solving the vector radiative transfer equations that describe linear polarization. Our calculations incorporate self-consistent atmospheric models of exoplanets over a wide range of equilibrium temperature, surface gravity, atmospheric composition, and cloud structure. A comparison of the flux and the amount of polarization calculated by considering both single and multiple scattering exhibits the effect of depolarization due to multiple scattering of light depending on the scattering albedo of the atmosphere. We have benchmarked our basic calculations against some of the existing models. We have also presented our models for the hot Jupiter HD 189733 b, indicating the level of precision required by future observations to detect the polarization of this planet in the optical and near-infrared wavelength region. The generic nature and the accuracy offered by our models make them an effective tool for modeling future observations of the polarized light reflected from exoplanets.
Magnetic Twists of Solar Filaments
Authors: Guo J. H. , Ni Y. W. , Qiu Y. , Zhong Z. , Guo Y. , Chen P. F.
Published: August 2021

Solar filaments are cold and dense materials situated in magnetic dips, which show distinct radiation characteristics compared to the surrounding coronal plasma. They are associated with coronal sheared and twisted magnetic field lines. However, the exact magnetic configuration supporting a filament material is not easy to ascertain because of the absence of routine observations of the magnetic field inside filaments. Since many filaments lie above weak-field regions, it is nearly impossible to extrapolate their coronal magnetic structures by applying the traditional methods to noisy photospheric magnetograms, in particular the horizontal components. In this paper, we construct magnetic structures for some filaments with the regularized Biot–Savart laws and calculate their magnetic twists. Moreover, we make a parameter survey for the flux ropes of the Titov–Démoulin-modified model to explore the factors affecting the twist of a force-free magnetic flux rope. It is found that the twist of a force-free flux rope,

∣

T

w

¯

∣

, is proportional to its ratio of axial length to minor radius, L/a, and is basically independent of the overlying background magnetic field strength. Thus, we infer that long quiescent filaments are likely to be supported by more twisted flux ropes than short active-region filaments, which is consistent with observations.
Beamed Emission from a Neutron-star ULX in a GRRMHD Simulation
Authors: Abarca David , Parfrey Kyle , Kluźniak Włodek
Published: August 2021

We perform a global 2.5D general-relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation of supercritical accretion onto a neutron star with a 2 × 1010 G dipolar magnetic field, as a model of a neutron-star-powered ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX). We compute a lower limit on the total luminosity of ∼2.5 L
Edd, and find the radiation to be highly beamed by the accretion disk outflows. The apparent isotropic luminosity, which is a function of the viewing angle, reaches a maximum above 100 L
Edd, consistent with the luminosities observed in ULXs.
High-energy Neutrinos from Stellar Explosions in Active Galactic Nuclei Accretion Disks
Authors: Zhu Jin-Ping , Wang Kai , Zhang Bing
Published: August 2021

Some catastrophic stellar explosions, such as supernovae (SNe), compact binary coalescences, and microtidal disruption events, are believed to be embedded in the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We show high-energy neutrinos can be produced efficiently through pp interactions between shock-accelerated cosmic rays and AGN disk materials shortly after the explosion ejecta shock breaks out of the disk. AGN stellar explosions are ideal targets for joint neutrino and electromagnetic (EM) multimessenger observations. Future EM follow-up observations of neutrino bursts can help us search for yet-discovered AGN stellar explosions. We suggest that AGN stellar explosions could potentially be important astrophysical neutrino sources. The contribution from AGN stellar explosions to the observed diffuse neutrino background depends on the uncertain local event rate densities of these events in AGN disks. By considering thermonuclear SNe, core-collapse SNe, gamma-ray burst associated SNe, kilonovae, and choked GRBs in AGN disks with known theoretical local event rate densities, we show that these events may contribute to ≲10% of the observed diffuse neutrino background.
H-α Variability of V1298 Tau c
Authors: Schlawin Everett , Ilyin Ilya , Feinstein Adina D. , Bean Jacob , Huang Chenliang , Gao Peter , Strassmeier Klaus , Poppenhaeger Katja
Published: August 2021

The 23 Myr system V1298 Tau hosts four transiting planets and is a valuable laboratory for exploring the early stages of planet evolution soon after formation of the star. We observe the innermost planet, V1298 Tau c, during transit using LBT PEPSI to obtain high spectral resolution characterization of escaping material near the H-α line. We find no strong evidence for atmospheric material escaping at the orbital velocity of the planet. Instead, we find a deep stellar feature that is variable on the few percent level, similar to a previous observation of the planet and can be explained by stellar activity. We attempted to monitor the broadband optical transit with LBT MODS but do not achieve the precision needed to characterize the atmosphere or improve the ephemeris.
Exploring Race in Nursing: Teaching Nursing Students about Racial Inequality Using the Historical Lens
Authors: Bennett Carole , Hamilton Ellen , Rochani Haresh
Published: August 2021

Discussing racial inequalities is challenging for nursing faculty and students of all races. Faculty report feeling inadequately prepared to systematically address this topic within clinical and classroom learning environments. This article reports student attitudes of race and health following a case study discussion of racial inequalities present in nursing and healthcare in Charleston, South Carolina between the years of 1883 to 2016. Forty-two students completed a 10-item visual analog scale (VAS) measuring their level of agreement regarding the issues of race and health before and after a classroom lecture. Most students reported an increase in racial tolerance following the lecture. A few students, however, indicated a decrease in racial tolerance following the lecture. Strategies for integrating the curriculum with learning experiences regarding issues of race are discussed.
A Nursing Approach to the Largest Measles Outbreak in Recent U.S. History: Lessons Learned Battling Homegrown Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Marcus Blima
Published: August 2021

Immunization is widely lauded as the greatest achievement in public health. However, vaccination rates have been dropping in developed countries due to vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy has been listed by the World Health Organization as one of the top ten threats to global health for 2019. During a recent measles outbreak in New York, a group of nurses became ambassadors for immunization, bringing evidence-based health information to the Orthodox Jewish community in a culturally-sensitive manner that was known as the Engaging in Medical Education with Sensitivity (EMES) Initiative. Using a grassroots community-based approach, healthcare providers countered widely-distributed misinformation using evidence and empathy. This article will provide useful tips to address vaccine hesitancy through effective communication and evidence-based answers to common and uncommon vaccine myths for communities and discuss implications for nurses faced with vaccine hesitancy.
Guerre préventive et « piège linguistique » : le cadre normatif de la politique européenne à l’époque de la Realpolitik avant 1914
Authors: Mulligan William
Published: August 2021

Cet article montre comment les déclarations de paix d’importants hommes d’État avant 1914 ont créé des contraintes normatives allant à l’encontre de l’idée de guerre préventive. Même dans leurs discours prétendument belliqueux, ces derniers affirmaient leur soutien à la paix. Cela a engendré un « piège linguistique ». À plusieurs reprises (1905/06, 1908, 1911) les hommes d’État ont reconnu les contraintes du cadre normatif et ont choisi une politique de négociation et de paix. Pendant la crise de juillet 1914, ces normes ont influencé le processus diplomatique.
Les Tchécoslovaques et la guerre du Vietnam
Authors: Kudrna Ladislav , Marès Antoine
Published: August 2021

Après le putsch communiste de février 1948, des dizaines de milliers de Tchécoslovaques ont fui en Occident. Plus de 1 600 d’entre eux ont ensuite combattu en Indochine dans les rangs de la Légion étrangère et près de 300 sont tombés. Pour nombre d’entre eux, il s’est agi d’un combat contre l’idéologie qui les avait chassés de leur patrie. Il s’est agi aussi du plus fort déploiement de Tchèques et de Slovaques après la Seconde Guerre mondiale et les Tchécoslovaques ont représenté plus de 2 % des effectifs légionnaires d’Indochine. Certains ont combattu et sont morts aussi pendant la deuxième guerre du Vietnam (sur huit au moins, trois sont tombés au combat).
Du champ de bataille au champ de Mars : les sorties de guerre des généraux romains aux deux derniers siècles de la République
Authors: Barrandon Nathalie
Published: August 2021

Si dans la Rome républicaine le triomphe est le rite de sortie de guerre, cette dernière est ici envisagée comme un processus sur la longue durée. C’est en effet dès la préparation de la guerre que les généraux l’envisagent et les conséquences de la guerre peuvent avoir un impact sur leur carrière pendant de longues années après son achèvement. Il s’agit toutefois ici d’interroger la prégnance de la victoire dans la carrière et dans l’état d’esprit d’hommes politiques d’exception. Deux exemples sont détaillés : Scipion l’Africain et Marius.
Stability of current density impedance imaging II
Authors: Moradifam Amir , Lopez Robert
Published: August 2021

This paper is a continuation of the authors earlier work on stability of Current Density Impedance Imaging (CDII) [R. Lopez, A. Moradifam, Stability of Current Density Impedance Imaging, SIAM J. Math. Anal. (2020).] We show that CDII is stable with respect to errors in both measurement of the magnitude of the current density vector field in the interior and the measurement of the voltage potential on the boundary. This completes the authors study of the stability of Current Density Independence Imaging which was previously shown only by numerical simulations.
Dry bolls and their association withAnthonomus grandis grandisBoheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) survival through cotton fallow periods
Authors: do Vale Willian S. , Castellani Maria A. , de Novais Victor R. , Dias Welliny S.R. , Lima Ana Carolina S. , Ribeiro Edenilson B. , Cardoso Adriana D. , da Silva Carlos A. Domingues
Published: August 2021

The boll weevil,Anthonomus grandis grandisBoheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), can remain inside dry and deformed reproductive structures of cotton,Gossypium hirsutumLinnaeus (Malvaceae), known as dry bolls, during the cotton fallow to infest the next cotton crop. In this study, the influence of cotton cultivars and sowing densities on the formation of dry bolls was evaluated. In addition, dry bolls were dissected and internal structures that were related to boll weevil development were estimated. Finally, the presence and survival of boll weevils inside dry bolls were evaluated. The results indicate that the number of dry bolls, empty pupal cells, and emergence holes was influenced by cultivar and not by sowing density. Almost one-quarter (22.53%) of adult boll weevils examined was found alive inside the dry bolls after 10 weeks, which is slightly longer than the duration of cotton fallow in Brazil’s main cotton-producing regions. Therefore, remaining inside the dry bolls is an important survival strategy for boll weevils during the cotton fallow period, and cotton cultivars with a greater propensity for the formation of dry bolls might favour survival of the pest during this period.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm
Authors: Purkait Suvendu , Gupta Sanjeev , Bakhshi Sameer , Mallick Saumyaranjan
Published: August 2021

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a highly aggressive hematologic neoplasm and classified under acute myeloid leukemia. Here, we describe the clinicopathological features of three cases of BPDCN: two with classical and one uncommon immunophenotype. A-35-year-old female (case 1) presented with complaint of nasal mass and generalized lymphadenopathy. Biopsy from axillary lymph node showed infiltration by cells with scant cytoplasm which were immunopositive for LCA, CD4, CD43, and ALK1. Flowcytometry showed positivity for CD45, CD4, CD33, and CD123 while negative for rest all markers. The other two cases have classical immunophenotype. In clinical practice, nasal mass with lymphadenopathy suggests natural killer T-cell/peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Again immunohistochemical positivity for CD4, CD43, and ALK while negativity for CD3 suggests anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In this case, morphology and extensive bone marrow involvement raise the suspicion. Fowcytometry positivity for HLADR, CD123, and CD33 helps in making diagnosis.