bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A produção do ódio em tempos de guerra: as (re)construções midiáticas da distribuição dos afetos
Authors: Farias Luiz Alberto de , Miano Bárbara
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo busca evidenciar a (re) produção midiática do ódio em tempos de guerra, sobretudo, quando é utilizada para a regulação dos afetos e construção da desigualdade. O estudo justifica-se, pois é comum que os estudos da comunicação direcionem seus esforços mais às produções discursivas finais do que ao processo de construção da violência. Tal decurso parte do pressuposto que o fazer da desigualdade pela mídia esconde-se nas entrelinhas e, na maioria das vezes, reside mais no que é escondido do que no que é revelado, ou seja, está no abafamento e não na garantia de voz. Para tanto, faz-se necessária uma revisão bibliográfica de autores da antropologia, assim como Judith Butler, Maria Claudia Coelho, Veena entre outros. Por fim, admite-se também a necessidade de uma análise de dois discursos sobre a segunda guerra mundial, o primeiro proferido pelo ex-primeiro ministro britânico Winston Churchill e o segundo pelo ex-fuhrer Adolf Hitler. Elabora-se a consideração de que, embora desafiador, o estudo colabora com as pesquisas em comunicação a partir do momento em que volta o seu olhar para o processo de construção midiática das precariedades.
Dos “Fundamentos Científicos” à “Teoria da Comunicação”: uma controvérsia epistemológica nas origens da Área
Authors: Martino Luís Mauro Sá
Published: December 2018

Este texto delineia aspectos da formação das Teorias da Comunicação no Brasil, tal como apresentadas na bibliografia publicada entre 1969 e 1986. Em perspectiva genealógica, observam-se as condições de produção do discurso teórico sobre Comunicação e suas especificidades. O exame dos livros sugere que: (a) a “teoria da comunicação”, como campo de estudos, foi criada por demandas institucionais, não epistemológicas; (b) os conceitos de “comunicação” utilizados eram oriundos de diversas áreas, da Biologia à Filosofia, sem intersecção entre elas; (c) o diálogo era com pesquisas e autores estrangeiros, quase sem referências cruzadas entre autores nacionais.  Esses pontos são discutidos contra o pano de fundo do debate epistemológico contemporâneo sobre a Área.
‘An Awfully Nice Job’. Kathleen Kenyon as Secretary and Acting Director of the University of London Institute of Archaeology, 1935–1948
Authors: Meheux Katie
Published: December 2018

This article presents an assessment of the administrative career of Kathleen Kenyon. It examines her involvement in the new Institute and wider British archaeological community as well as assessing her working life within the context of the increasing professionalisation of archaeological organisations between the wars, and the role played in this by female administrators. The behaviours and actions of Kenyon and those around her are also evaluated within the context of wider contemporary attitudes to and about women. Finally, Kenyon’s role in women’s archaeological practice and women’s contributions to archaeological culture between the wars is considered.
The Institute of Archaeology Field Course at Downley Park, Singleton, West Sussex, UK. Multi Period Excavations Around the Hunting Lodge of the Earls of Arundel
Authors: Roberts Mark
Published: December 2018

This paper details and considers the results of excavations and research at Downley between 2015 and 2018. The primary aim of the project was to locate and prove the site of a late medieval – Tudor period hunting lodge that was mentioned in extant and archival literature but for which no physical trace existed. Four years of excavation, after an initial test pit survey, have revealed Tudor demolition debris; sub-Chalk surface intrusive features; a stone built tower with associated undercrofts; and additionally, evidence for Iron Age and Roman occupation within and without the curtilage of the lodge. The excavation and research will continue into 2019.
Has Lot Lost the Plot? Detail Omission and a Reconsideration of Genesis 19
Authors: Athas George
Published: December 2018

This article argues for a new understanding of Lot's shocking offer of his daughters in Genesis 19 on the basis of “unknown detail omission.” The narrator exploits ambiguities in the narrative to fool the reader into condemning Lot's character. However, when the narrator reveals a key detail previously unmentioned, the reader is surprised and forced to re-evaluate the entire episode. This frames Lot's shocking offer in a new light, and the reader comes to a new conclusion about Lot's character.
Was Khirbet Qeiyafa a Judahite City? The Case against It
Authors: Na'aman Nadav
Published: December 2018

The article critically examines the argument that Khirbet Qeiyafa was a Judahite stronghold established by king David. Detailed analysis of the published reports do not disclose any findings that connect it to either Jerusalem or the Judean and Benjaminite highlands in the 10th century BCE. On the contrary, the site conducted ramified commercial relations with districts located throughout the Land of Israel and beyond. It is evident that Khirbet Qeiyafa is connected neither to the emergence of the kingdom of Judah nor to king David, and should be studied in the context of the Shephelah, the district in which it is located.
Production of Flowers of Ornamental Sunflower Irrigated With Wastewater From Fish Culture
Authors: Rêgo Lunara G. da S. , Miranda Neyton de O. , Travassos Kaline D. , Dias Nildo da S. , Cunha Rutilene R. da , Cunha Maria E. da , Santana Francisco C. G. , Bandeira Poliana M. da C. , Filho Francisco X. de Oliveira
Published: December 2018

The unregulated use and increased demand in face of the demographic and economic growth of society caused reduction in the availability of water resources in quantity and quality. In this context, this work was carried out to verify the possibility of producing ornamental sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) fertirrigated with wastewater from fish culture and its mixtures with tap water. Two experiments were conducted in 2017 in a greenhouse at Federal Rural do University of the Semiarid, in Mossoró, RN, Brazil, according to a completely randomized design with 12 replicates. The treatments consisted of dilutions of the fish's wastewater in tap water (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). Determinations of plant biomass and flower characteristics were performed. The statistical analysis of the data consisted of analysis of variance by the F test and regression analysis. The biomass of ornamental sunflower showed significant effect of the fish’s effluent dilutions, but, in general, characteristics of flowers were not influenced. The higher values of the variables of the ornamental sunflower evaluated in the first experiment, which received fertilization, indicate that the effluent did not supply the nutritional needs of the plants. The irrigation of the ornamental sunflower can be carried out with effluent from fish farming when there is another source of nutrients for the crop to produce flowers with satisfactory characteristics.
Trends of Energy and Macronutrients Intakes in Jordan as Obtained by Household Expenditure and Income Surveys
Authors: Alkurd Refa’at , Takruri Hamed R. , Amr Amira M.
Published: December 2018

Jordan has encountered changes in demographic and food consumption patterns during the last few decades as a result of the nutrition transition and westernized food habits. This paper aims to evaluate the trends in energy and macronutrient intakes in Jordan based on the data of Jordan Household Expenditure and Income Surveys (JHEIS) 1992-2010. The amounts of consumed food items were analyzed to estimate the intakes of energy and macronutrients for different governorates using (Food Processor SQL Nutrition and Fitness Software, 2010). The average estimated annual per capita intake (kg) for different food groups in the 2010 survey was the lowest since 1992 for legumes and oils and fats, whereas it was the highest for dairy products and eggs. The 2010 percentage of energy contribution of the food groups was the highest for meat and poultry, fish, and dairy products and eggs; whereas it was the lowest for grains, legumes, and fruits and vegetables. Additionally, there was a trend of increased energy intake in 2010 in comparison with previous JHEIS data. Energy intake of Jordanians has increased in 2010 as compared with average energy intake obtained in previous JHEIS surveys since 1992. In addition, the consumption of foods of animal-origin was increased, whereas the consumption of foods of plant-origin was decreased.
Physical, Chemical-Physical Characterization and Determination of Bioactives Compounds of the Pimtobeira Fruits (Talisia esculenta)
Authors: Queiroga Artur X. M. de , Costa Franciscleudo B. da , Santiago Mahyara de M. , Sousa Francimalda F. de , Santos Kalinne P. dos , Silva Jéssica L. da , Teodosio Albert E. M. de M. , Sales Giuliana N. B. , Silva Kátia G. da , Filho Raimundo B.
Published: December 2018

Pitombeira fruits have characteristics that provide them with industrial and processed consumption, but they are barely studied, resulting in the need to obtain more information about the species’ potential and its utilization to various purposes. In face of these facts, a physical, chemical-physical and a determination of bioactive compounds post-harvest characterization of pitombeira fruits was done. The fruits were acquired in a street Market in the municipality of Sousa-PB, Brazil, and taken to the Food Analysis Laboratory of the Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in the municipality of Pombal-PB, Brazil. Fruits were selected by the absence of physical damage and diseases, as well as by their ripening stage and size, and refrigerated at 4 ºC. Gone 15 repetitions with 25 fruits, 20 fruits were destined to chemical-physical and determination of bioactive compounds analysis and the 5 remaining fruits to the physical analysis. Pitombeira fruits had ideal functional characteristics and necessary to the development and processing of new products, such as high protein content (31.72% in the seed and 39.72% in the skin), phenolic compounds (101.47% in the seed and 106.61% in the skin) and carotenoids (10.14% in the seed and 23.39% in the seed husk). In particular, Pitomba’s pulp can be used for in natura consumption as well as processed, since it has high contents of mineral residue, soluble solids and vitamin C. Pitomba fruits have excellent physical, chemical-physcial and bioactive compounds characteristics, as observed in the high contents of proteins, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and flavonoids in all parts of the fruit. With all these characteristics presented, products such as juices, beverages, bakery products and even food supplements can be made form the pitomba.
Slurry Composition and Physiological Quality of Treated Soybean Seeds Over Storage
Authors: Suzukawa Andréia K. , Mariucci Giovanna E. G. , Pereira Lucas C. , Braccini Alessandro L. , Ponce Raissa M. , Marteli Danilo C. V. , Lima Luiz H. S. , Angelotti Priscila , Silva Vanessa F. V.
Published: December 2018

Industrial seed treatment assures uniform coverage of seeds with insecticides, fungicides, micronutrients and bioestimulant at precise dose, however often resulting in higher slurry volume. Furthermore, seeds are coated long periods of time prior sowing and may influence germination and vigor. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of seven industrial seed treatments and their respective slurry volumes on the physiological potential of soybean seeds at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days of storage. In each storage period, the variables germination, accelerated aging test and emergency speed index were evaluated and studied in the repeated measures in time model. The products used were: fungicide (thiabendazole, fludioxonil and mefenoxam), insecticide (thiametoxam), insecticide/nematicide (abamectin), micronutrients (cobalt and molybdenum), bioregulator, drying powder and polymer. High volumes of seed-coating mixtures reduce the physiological quality of soybean seeds over storage. However, the slurry composition also influenced on the maintenance of the seed germination and vigor throughout the storage.
Alelopatic Effects of Tectona grandis L.F. in the Germination and Initial Development of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Silva Márcia Cunegundes da , Araujo Emmanoella Costa Guaraná , Silva Thiago Cardoso , Araújo Adão Batista de , Lins Tarcila Rosa da Silva , Leão Shyrlaine Lilian Moura , Lima Tarcísio Viana de
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Tectona grandis L.F. in various concentrations produced from leaves and flowers. Seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and germitest paper as substrate were used, the germitest paper was moistened with distilled water, and aqueous extract in concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% (distilled water). The extracts were homogeneously deposited on twenty-five seeds evenly distributed in gerbox-type boxes. The materials used in the experiment were previously sterilized with alcohol (70%). A completely randomized experimental design with four replicates was used and the experiment was conducted under natural conditions of temperature and humidity. The tests were carried out in the laboratory, the experiment was watched for 10 days always at the same hour and the variables analyzed were Germination Percentage (%G), Speed of Germination Index (SGI), Mean germination time (MGT) and Mean speed of germination (MSG). The data were submitted to Analysis of Variance and compared by Tukey test considering 95% of probability. It was observed that there were no significant differences in leaf and flower extracts for the variables %G, MGT and MSG, however, in SGI aqueous leaf extract differed significantly at the highest concentrations (75% and 100%). It was concluded that aqueous extracts of leaves and flowers of T. grandis had no inhibitory potential in relation to the percentage and average germination time of lettuce seeds at any of the concentrations.
Short-Term Effects of Maize Rhizosphere and N-Fertilization on Stable Organic Matter in a Tropical Soil
Authors: Teixeira Rafael da Silva , Santos Rafael Silva , Sousa Rodrigo Nogueira de , Souza Ivan Francisco de , Reis Thalles Guimarães , Milagres João José de Miranda , Silva Ivo Ribeiro da
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of maize rhizosphere in the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) fractions (particulate organic matter—POM and mineral associated organic matter—MAOM) under different soil nitrogen (N) availability. The experiment was laid out as a factorial scheme 2 × 2: (i) without (-Plant) and with maize plant (+Plant); (ii) without (-N) and with N fertilization (+N) throughout 56 d under greenhouse conditions. Soil surface CO2-C efflux was monitored by static PVC chambers, and soil- and root-derived CO2-C efflux was determined using the mass-balance approach. In the absence of plants, N addition reduced total soil CO2-C efflux over the 56-d experiment and increased MAOM-C. This was followed by an increase of 366% in microbial biomass (MB-C), indicating a high C assimilation by soil microbes. In the presence of plants, there was evidence of positive rhizosphere priming effect (RPE) at 42-d after planting when N was applied. The new C input by rhizodeposition promoted an increase of 495% and 50% in MB-C under -N and +N addition, respectively. The short-term effect of maize rhizosphere appeared to preserve native SOM and allowed higher incorporation of microbial residues-derived C into the MAOM.
Physiological Quality of Common Bean Seeds Subjected to Different Concentrations of Salicylic Acid
Authors: Fernandes Tiéle Stuker , Nunes Ubirajara Russi , Roso Rodrigo , Ludwig Eduardo José , Zini Priscila Barbieri , Menegaes Janine Farias , Barbieri Geovana Facco , Santos Cassiano Vasconcelos dos
Published: December 2018

Salicylic acid acts on several plant physiological processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if salicylic acid interferes on the physiological quality of common bean seeds soaked with different concentrations by testing two seed imbibition methodologies. Common bean seeds of the cultivars Fepagro 26 and Predileto were utilized. The seeds were soaked in solutions of salicylic acid with concentrations of zero, 250, 500, 750, 1,000, 3,000 and 5,000 μM. Seed imbibition occurred in two ways: (1) germination paper moistened with salicylic acid solutions, and (2) seed imbibition in salicylic acid solutions in plastic boxes for 24 hours and subsequent sowing on germination paper moistened with distilled water. The experiment was maintained in a germination incubator under 25 °C temperature and with constant light. The number of normal seedlings (first count), length, fresh and dry matter of seedlings were determined on the fifth day after sowing. Germination percentage was assessed nine days after sowing. The study was performed in a completely randomized design with four replicates and 50 seeds were used for each treatment. Regression analysis was performed for salicylic acid concentrations, with no comparison of cultivars and seed imbibition methods. Salicylic acid in concentrations up to 1,000 μM does not negatively affect the common bean seed germination of the cultivars Fepagro 26 and Predileto, using seed soaking for 24 hours and imbibition in the germination paper. Concentrations of salicylic acid up to 1,000 μM and seed imbibition for 24 hours do not affect the vigor (first count) of the two common bean cultivars.
Effect of Soil Temperature in the Emergence of Maize Seeds
Authors: Santos Heloisa O. dos , Vasconcellos Renato C. C. , Pauli Beatriz de , Pires Raquel M. O. , Pereira Elise M. , Tirelli Giovani V. , Pinho Édila V. R. V.
Published: December 2018

Temperature is one of the most important factors in the germination process, which influences the absorption of nutrients required for growth and development of the plant, germination uniformity, and seed vigor maintenance. Low temperatures can result in deformation of the leaves and the apex of the plant, and high temperatures hamper the development of them. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ideal temperature values for germination in each genetic material used, highlighting the most suitable for each condition. The experiment was conducted at the Central Seed Laboratory at the Department of Agriculture of the Lavras Federal University, where germination percentage, first germination count, seedling emergence and emergence speed were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a factorial scheme of 4 × 5, in which it was analyzed four lines (L30, L64, L63, and L91) at five different germination temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ºC). An analysis of variance was done and for the comparison between means, the Scott Knott test was used, at a 5% probability. It can be observed that the lines L63 and L91 were more susceptible to low germination temperatures and lines L30 and L64 do not tolerate high temperatures. Also, the evaluation of temperature-controlled substrate germination proved to be a promising technique to identify tolerant and susceptible lines for germination in both high and low temperatures.
Plant Growth, Antioxidative Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Sunflower Seedlings Supplemented With Eichhornia crassipes Organic Fertilizer Under Drought Stress Conditions
Authors: Barbosa Rifandreo Monteiro , Brito Paulo Ovídio Batista de , Costa Francisca Raíssa da Silva , Filho Roberto Albuquerque Pontes , Júnior Francisco Holanda Nunes , Gondim Franklin Aragão
Published: December 2018

In the semiarid region of the Brazilian Northeast, there is still the occurrence of soils with low concentrations of organic mass and nutrients. Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) is recognized as one of the top ten endemic herbs in the world. However, its accumulation capacity means it can be an alternative source of nutrients. The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of macrophyte organic residue (ROM) on plant growth, antioxidative enzyme activity and membrane lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of sunflower seedlings submitted to drought stress conditions. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Maracanaú Campus, Brazil. Samples of E. crassipes were collected in the Parangaba Lagoon, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The treatments were: 1) 100% (by volume) sand; 2) sand + fertilizer (following the recommendation of 80 kg of N/ha), and 3) sand + 100% of the recommended nitrogen in macrophytes (RN). In general, the use of ROM caused better seedling growth in relation to the other treatments in all conditions studied. Increases in antioxidative enzyme activity and reductions in the deleterious effects of drought stress on plant growth were observed.
Structural and Chemical Attributes of Soil Inorganic Fractions for Environmental Characterization in the Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors: Lopes Thais Cristina de Souza , Portela Jeane Cruz , Melo Stefeson Bezerra de , Ávila Thamirys Duarte , Silva Francisco Wellington Andrade da , Costa Joseane Dunga da , Souza Júnior Aldi Nestor de
Published: December 2018

Soil structure affects plant growth factors in agroecosystems. The relationships of these factors with soil texture and chemical attributes are important to differentiate environments. The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship of soil structural attributes with physical and chemical attributes of different soils to differentiate environments, using multivariate statistics. The research was carried out in the Terra da Esperança Settlement Project, in Governador Dix-Sept Rosado, RN, semiarid region of Brazil. Ten soil profiles were evaluated: Haplustepts in a conventional area (1CA); Haplustepts in a collective area with (2CA); Haplustepts in an agroecological area with native forest (3AGRO); Eutrustox in a native forest (4NF); Calciustolls in a conventional area of pasture (5CAP); Haplustepts in a native forest (6NF); Haplustepts in an native forest (7NF); Usticfluvents in a permanent conservation area with Licania rigida (8PPA); Haplustepts in a native forest (9MN); and Haplustepts in a collective area with Spondias spp. (10SP). Ten soil samples were collected and analyzed by horizons in volumetric rings and in soil blocks (aggregate analysis), with three replications. Structural, physical, and chemical attributes were evaluated. The data were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis, using correlation matrix, cluster analysis, and factorial analysis considering the factors as principal components. According to the factorial analysis, Factor 1 (F1) and Factor 2 (F2)—F1 consisting of clay, Ca2+, Na+, sum of bases, and base saturation (V), and F2 consisting of cation exchange capacity (CEC), total organic carbon, macroporosity, particle density, K+, and microporosity—were essential to differentiate the environments. The cluster analysis formed four groups. The structural groups showed greater similarity, denoting the relationship between source material and land use, followed by the chemical groups P, K+, CEC, Ca2+, V, and pH for the Calciustolls; the structural weighted mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, soil aggregates larger than 2 mm, plasticity index, and plasticity limit for the Eutrustox; and the physical and chemical attributes EC, Na+, Silt, macroporosity, total calculated porosity, aluminum saturation, total sand, volumetric moisture, Mg2+ and particle density for the Haplustepts and the Usticfluvents. The clay fraction presented correlation with chemical attributes (F1) for the distinction of soil classes and land uses. The soil classes presented eutrophic character (V ≥ 50%) as a function of the Na+ and Ca2+ contents, including the Eutrustox (4NF), despite its lower contents when compared to the other soil classes. This is a local peculiarity due to the climatic pattern of the Brazilian semiarid region.
Genetic Improvement of Grain Quality Promoted by High and New Technology in Rice
Authors: Peng Bo , Li Jun , Kong Dong-Yan , He Lu-Lu , Li Meng-Ge , Nassirou Tondi-Yacouba , Peng Yu , Song Xiao-Hua , Peng Juan , Jiang Yue , Sun Yan-Fang , Pang Rui-Hua , Xin Qing-Qing , Liu Yu-Chen , Guo Gui-Ying , Li Jin-Tiao , Wang Quan-Xiu , Song Shi-Zhi , Duan Bin , Yuan Hong-Yu
Published: December 2018

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as one of the most important food crops all over the world. Because of the improvement of the actual living standards, there is more and more demand for improved grain quality. Although, the grain quality is a very complex quantitative trait in rice, it has great scientific significance and practical application value for the improvement of the quality of rice grain using high and up to date techniques. Here, we focus on the new advances in the application of the genetic improvement of grain quality by high throughput sequencing, genomic editing, near infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and other new techniques. Simultaneously, the application prospects of these high and up to date techniques have also been expected in the genetic improvement of rice quality. Thus, this will provide important information for genetic improvement of grain quality in rice breeding.
Characterization of seasonal variation of atmospheric CO2 in the iLPF system in eastern Amazonia
Authors: Oliveira Bárbara Cristina Santos de , Araújo Alessandro Carioca de , Pinto Carlos Alberto Dias , Souza Cleo Marcelo de Araújo , Santiago Alailson Venceslau , Trindade Ivanildo Alves
Published: December 2018

In the face of the human impacts caused mainly after Industrial Revolution, such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and intensive soil preparation, there has been an increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). Among the forms of GHG mitigation, there are those carried out through agriculture, such as the adequate management of the soil and the removal of CO2 by plants through the consortium systems. Studies indicate that a viable alternative is the crop-livestock integration (CLI), which is composed of tree and forage species. Measurement of the atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) in CLI may indicate responses that will serve as a basis for monitoring this ecosystem in the Amazon region. Measures of the vertical profile of [CO2] were obtained in intensive campaigns during the periods less rainy of 2016, more and less rainy of 2017, in the municipality of Terra Alta, PA. There was greater amplitude in the [CO2] measured in the less rainy period of 2017 and higher daytime concentrations in relation to the other periods. Seasonality is a factor that influences [CO2] in the CLI. The [CO2] only begins to rise and accumulate below the canopy from 20:00 hours, when the atmosphere is more stable.
Avaliação da dependência dos parâmetros de ajuste de um modelo E − l com a estratificação térmica estável
Authors: Carvalho Junior Arlindo Dutra , Oliveira Pablo E.S. de , Santos Daniel Michelon dos , Costa Felipe Denardin
Published: December 2018

One of the main challenges of the atmospheric model is the proper  determination of the turbulent diffusivity. In this sense, variousboundary layer parametrization have been developed along of the years. For the same closure order, many times, the bigger differences between them, are concentrated in the adjustment parameters. From the adequate physical description, to find the real value of each constant is the great challenge of the models. Them, the present work compare three different parametrization for the non-dimensional relation u2 ∗=E, that is used as a constant in the momentum diffusion coefficient in the E - l models. In the comparison with the GABLS experiment, the results show that the constant does not have a great influence over the windcomponents and over the temperature. On the other hand, the constant have a fundamental role in the behavior of the turbulence kinetic energy. This is due the fact of the constant is also present in the turbulence viscous dissipation term. Finally, it is important to stress that this is a work that is in its beginning and it aims the construction of a boundary layer parameterization for climate and weather forecasting models.
Métodos de remoção de íons fluoreto em água
Authors: Shinzato Mirian Chieko , Ezaki Sibele , Saraiva Ísis Cristina Garcia , Girardi Gabriela Baptista
Published: December 2018

Diante da constatação cada vez maior de contaminação natural e antrópica por íons fluoreto (F-) em diversos aquíferos utilizados para abastecimento público, o presente trabalho tem por finalidade apresentar e analisar os principais tipos de tratamento (tradicionais e alternativos) disponíveis até o momento para sua remoção. Verificou-se que o método de adsorção é o mais aplicado, utilizando-se a alumina ativada como principal agente. No entanto, novos materiais vêm sendo estudados para substituir a alumina, de modo a diminuir os custos e aumentar a eficiência do tratamento. Os materiais alternativos que vêm sendo mais estudados ultimamente são os biocarvões (biochars), produzidos a partir da queima de diferentes tipos de biomassa, e as nanopartículas naturais e sintéticas. Além da adsorção, destacam-se outros métodos como os tratamentos químico e eletroquímico, o uso de membranas e a fitorremediação. A escolha do melhor método, no entanto, dependerá das características de cada técnica, além daquelas da própria água a ser tratada. Apesar dos custos e da eficiência do processo serem fundamentais nessa escolha, é preciso também levar em consideração a geração de resíduos no final de cada tratamento, como o próprio material adsorvente, lodos e efluentes líquidos concentrados em F-, que deverão ser corretamente destinados.
“New awful changes – the human geological stratum rediscovered”: Allowing art to talk about the anthropocene
Authors: Peloggia Alex Ubiratan Goossens
Published: December 2018

This paper proposes a confrontation between geology and art, based on the original artistic production made by the author that represents geological concepts related to the new human geological epoch, the Anthropocene, now under discussion. The proposal confrontation draws upon the classical piece of by Henry De La Beche, Awful Changes, from about 1830, which refers to the question of geological time, and also upon Stephen Jay Gould’s Time’s Cycle, Time’s Arrow (1991), which analyzes this picture, and to Jan Zalasiewicz’s The Earth After Us (2008), which deals with the urban geological stratum as it might be found in the future. The art work thus shows the rediscovery of the geological stratum correlative to the “human event” by intelligent “ichthyosauroid” beings who, in a distant geological future, through stratigraphic analysis, observe the particular characteristics of the episode and interpret the culture that produced it. This paper shows how geological concepts can be adequately represented through creative artistic expression, and how classical geological themes may be of interest for contemporary debate on human geological agency.
Des élèves (pas?) comme les autres parmi les autres. La littérature jeunesse comme facteur d’inclusion sociale pour les enfants avec trisomie 21 et autisme
Authors: Lemoine Lise , Schneider Benoît , Mietkiewicz Marie-Claude
Published: December 2018

L’inclusion dans des classes ordinaires d’élèves avec trisomie ou autisme se heurte à bien des difficultés dont le regard des enfants typiques peu préparés à ces rencontres. En France, depuis la promulgation, en 2005 de la loi « pour l’égalité des droits et des chances, la participation et la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées », l’inclusion des enfants en situation de handicap est devenue l’objectif à atteindre. Pour examiner dans quelle mesure la littérature jeunesse pourrait être un outil pertinent pour leur faire découvrir les difficultés rencontrées par des enfants avec des troubles neuro-développementaux, nous avons analysé 26 ouvrages destinés aux enfants de 3 à 11 ans dans lesquels un héros avec trisomie ou autisme est scolarisé. Au terme d’une étude comparative des deux séries de livres (15 sur la trisomie, 11 sur l’autisme), dans lesquels les caractéristiques et les difficultés des enfants en situation de handicap sont décrites de manière différentielle, nous avançons que ces ouvrages qui délivrent des messages implicites d’acceptation de la différence et de tolérance pourraient contribuer à lever les réticences et à engager le dialogue au sein des établissements scolaires.
Entre Progrès et émulation : l’Histoire du Canada de François-Xavier Garneau (1845-1852)*
Authors: Raymond-Dufour1 Maxime
Published: December 2018

Cet article explore le rapport ambigu qu’entretient l’oeuvre garnélienne avec l’idéologie du Progrès et avec la tradition narrative de l’historia magistra vitae. Il argumente que bien que l’Histoire du Canada dépeigne la vision progressiste de l’Histoire – au sens philosophique – de son auteur, elle hérite aussi des historiens humanistes certaines traditions narratives, dont on a fait remonter l’origine à la pensée historique de Cicéron. Entre Progrès et répétition, l’Histoire du Canada présente ainsi un alliage de traditions narratives et historiographiques qui ne semblent pourtant pas aller de pair.
Mapping Forest and Surrounding Landscape Changes 1949-2015 at the University of Michigan's Historic Forestry Education Properties
Authors: BERGEN KATHLEEN , ZHANG ZHENZHEN , TYRRELL GERALD , KLUGE KAREN VON , RUMSCHLAG JACOB
Published: December 2018

Three forested properties owned by the University of Michigan and near to Ann Arbor were the sites of some of the earliest forestry field education in the USA. No longer managed solely for this purpose after the mid-1960s, and at the same time nested within a rapidly developing area of Michigan, current planning for the properties focuses on melding their historic legacy with renewed ecologically and sustainably sound uses. We developed new maps and knowledge of forest and land change within and surrounding the properties between 1949 and 2015. We acquired aerial photography at 5-10 year intervals, created land-cover/land-use and change data, and identified key trajectories of change. Results within Saginaw Forest (established 1904) showed a consistent amount of forest area, but transitions in some observed overstory composition from coniferous to mixed forest between 1949 and 2015. Within the present-day extent of Stinchfield Woods and the Newcomb Tract (established 1925-1955), forest area increased from 68% to 98% and 51% to 93% respectively between 1949 and 2015, as forest plantations and other regrowth replaced former cleared lands. In 0.5 km-wide buffer areas surrounding the properties, agriculture decreased, and urban uses increased dramatically between 1949 and 2015 for all three sites. Forested land cover has also increased on the surrounding landscapes, again replacing agriculture and grassland. The properties today still display the legacies of their historic forestry education and research, and are living laboratories of natural succession in planted forests. The properties now also represent some of the most protected local lands while the landscapes surrounding them continue to change.
Does Money Always Matter? Campaign Spending in Michigan State Ballot Proposal Elections
Authors: KLEMANSKI JOHN S. , DULIO DAVID A. , COGO HARIS
Published: December 2018

This article explores the role of money in Michigan statewide ballot proposals from 1978 to 2015. Of particular concern is how spending patterns in ballot proposal campaigns compare to candidate-centered campaigns. Ballot proposal campaigns do not experience many of the influences that are associated with candidate campaigns. For example, there is no incumbency advantage in fundraising, or name recognition to help voters decide, and little or no political party involvement such as a party label on the ballot or party mobilization of voters. In the period investigated, we found that: ballot proposal campaign spending has skyrocketed; spending is greater with controversial ballot proposals; more money in Michigan ballot proposal campaigns was spent by those supporting a proposal than opposing a proposal beginning in the 2000s while the opposite was true before; and, although it does not guarantee a victory, money can have a meaningful effect when spent strategically.
Up-regulation of Grb2-associated binder 1 promotes hepatocyte growth factor induced endothelial progenitor cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Fan Qing , Zhang Liyu , Zhu Wenjie , Xue Sheng , Song Yisheng , Chang Qing
Published: December 2018

Objectives. Grb2-associated binder 1 (Gab1), a scaffolding adaptor protein, plays an important role in transmitting key signals that control cell growth, migration, and function from multiple tyrosine kinase receptors. This study was designed to investigate the influence of upregulation of Gab1 in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) stimulated with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Materials and Methods. EPCs isolated from human umbilical cord blood were identified and divided into four groups. EPCs in the Control group were cultured normally; those in the Control+HGF group were treated with HGF stimulation; those in the AD-Gab1 group were transfected with adenovirus containing the Gab1 gene but not treated with HGF stimulation; and, those in the AD-Gab1+HGF group were treated with both HGF stimulation and transfection with adenovirus containing the Gab1 gene. Subsequently, Gab1 expression and proliferation and migration ability were compared for EPCs grown under different conditions. Furthermore, we measured phosphorylation levels of three key proteins Gab1, SHP2 and ERK1/2.

Results. The AD-Gab1+HGF group had the highest expression of Gab1 and higher proliferation and migration than the other three groups.

Conclusions. Upregulation of Gab1 promoted HGF-induced EPC proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, HGF stimulated Gab1 tyrosine phosphorylation in EPCs, thus leading to activation of extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2, which is involved in proliferation and migration signaling.
General Practitioners' Discretion of Preventive Needs
Authors: Ilsvard Sofie , Møller Marie Østergaard
Published: December 2018

This article examines general practitioners’ discretion in preventive contexts. Based on semi-structured interviews with 15 general practitioners, we examine how lifestyle is used in their discretionary practices in contexts of healthcare prevention. Despite common educational background and professional ideology, GPs’ do not share lifestyle and our analyses show that this matters to their discretion of patients’ need for lifestyle intervention.  The correspondence between general practitioners’ preventive strategies and their own lifestyle preferences is interpreted as evidence of autonomy in general practice where general practitioners act relatively autonomously and differ in their interpretation of how preventive policies should be exercised in practice towards patients.Keywords:  discretion, lifestyle, health prevention and promotion, street-level bureaucrats, general practitioners
Evaluación de la exposición a polvo de carbón y sílice en minería subterránea en tres departamentos de Colombia
Authors: Varona Marcela , Ibáñez Milciades , Briceño Leonardo , Groot Helena , Narváez Diana , Palma Marien , Herrera Diego , Morgan Gloria , Torres Carlos
Published: December 2018

Introducción. La neumoconiosis de mineros de carbón es una enfermedad crónica e irreversible que se considera un problema de salud pública.Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de neumoconiosis y sus factores asociados en mineros de carbón en Boyacá, Cundinamarca y Norte de Santander.Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal en 476 mineros. Se realizó valoración médica, radiografía de tórax según criterios de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, espirometrías e identificación de polimorfismos de glutation S transferasa y de enzimas de reparación. Las asociaciones entre condiciones ocupacionales y de la empresa con neumoconiosis fueron exploradas usando modelos de regresión de Cox.Resultados. En 31 empresas se realizaron 479 monitoreos ambientales y se evaluaron 476 trabajadores, con tiempo de trabajo entre 10 y 57 años. La prevalencia de neumoconiosis fue de 33.8% (IC 95%: 27,0%, 41,3%). En el modelo de regresión multivariable de Cox con tiempo de riesgo constante para la neumoconiosis, esta se asoció significativamente con trabajo en empresas medianas (RP = 2,00, IC 95%: 0,995, 2,690, p = 0,052), con nivel de exposición severa al polvo de carbón según el índice de exposición (RP = 2,055, IC 95%: 1,043, 4,048, p = 0,038), y con una antigüedad de 25 años o más (para 25,0-29,9 años: RP = 2,199, IC 95%: 1,449, 3,338, p = 0,001).Conclusiones. La prevalencia de neumoconiosis fue muy alta y se asoció a exposición a niveles severos de polvo de carbón, a exposición laboral mayor o igual a 25 años y a trabajar en empresas medianas.
Protective Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Aliosmanoglu Cigdem , Erbiş Halil , Aliosmanoglu Ibrahim , Türkoglu Mehmet Akif , Ulger Burak Veli , Türkoglu Ahmet , Yüksel Hatice
Published: December 2018

Isoniazid and rifampicin are drugs primarily used in antituberculosis treatment. Our aim in this study is to evaluate the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester's protective effect on liver function tests and to trace elements in hepatic damage caused by isoniazid and rifampicin on rats. Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1: Sham, Group 2: caffeic acid phenethyl ester application, Group 3: isoniazid and rifampicin given, Group 4: isoniazid + rifampicin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester application. After 30 days, the rats were sacrificed by taking blood from the heart. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, zinc, copper, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status, and oxidative stress index levels were evaluated. The rats to which isoniazid + rifampicin+ caffeic acid phenethyl ester were given had less oxidative stress and copper levels (P < 0.001, P = 0.019) but have higher zinc levels (P = 0.001) compared to the isoniazid + rifampicin group. Liver enzyme levels were also lower in rats that were given isoniazid + rifampicin + caffeic acid phenethyl ester (P < 0.001). The results of this study suggested that caffeic acid phenethyl ester influences the levels of trace elements (copper and zinc) that are important for the physiologic mechanisms of organisms, reducing liver damage.
Solitary Pancreatic Metastasis From Breast Matrix-Producing Carcinoma: A First Case Report
Authors: Kiyasu Yoshiyuki , Hayashi Ken , Miyahara Go , Narita Makoto
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Breast matrix-producing carcinoma (MPC) is a rare histologic type. Pancreatic metastases from breast cancers are also rare. We report the first case of solitary pancreatic metastasis from breast MPC, treated with distal pancreatectomy.

Case presentation:

A 56-year-old woman presented with a 56-mm mass in her right breast and a swollen right axillary lymph node. Both lesions had characteristic early ring enhancement on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tumor biopsy revealed MPC. She underwent total mastectomy and axillary clearance. On histopathologic examination, the tumor was composed of extracellular matrix with areas of osseous and chondroid differentiation without spindle cells or osteoclasts, surrounded by a dense population of glandular epithelial tumor cells. On immunohistochemical analysis, the tumor cells were positive for AE1/AE3 and cytokeratin 5/6. The final diagnosis was breast MPC with axillary metastasis. Two years later, dynamic MRI displayed a mass in the pancreatic body with early ring enhancement, suspicious for solitary breast MPC metastasis. Distal pancreatectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination revealed bone and cartilaginous matrix with necrosis, surrounded by pleomorphic sarcomatous tumor cells. Tumor cells showed less cytokeratin positivity than the primary breast lesion. These findings were compatible with breast MPC metastasis.

Conclusion:

Solitary pancreatic metastasis from breast MPC has not yet been reported. Surgical resection of malignant pancreatic metastases is controversial; however, considering that breast MPC has limited responsiveness to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, curative resection would be important in this case. The histopathologic features of MPC may reflect enhancement and calcification on radiologic studies.
Low Cycle Fatigue Failure Analysis of a Ni‐Based Single Crystal Superalloys at 850 °C
Authors: Zhang Xuhui , Gao Hangshan , Wen Zhixun , Zhang Haocheng , Yue Zhufeng
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a low cycle fatigue (LCF) failure analysis on [001], [011], and [111] orientations of a Ni‐based single crystal superalloys at 850 °C. Fracture mechanism and microstructure damage evolution are revealed through crystal plastic theory and fracture morphology analysis. Strain‐controlled LCF tests are conducted with the standard round bar samples; the fracture morphology and microstructure characteristics, such as the fracture mechanism and microstructure damage evolution, are observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM). Crystal plastic theory is adopted to establish the crystal slip system framework, considering elastic and plastic strain rate, elastic orientation factors, and the resolved shear stress (Rss). The life prediction model is established based on Levkovitch damage theory, theoretical analysis, and test results has good consistency. The results demonstrate that fatigue life on [001] orientation is the longest, but considering the effects of stress amplitude and Young's modulus, [011] orientation exhibits the best fatigue performance. Under LCF loading, the initial crack starts to occur on surface of specimen if the internal defects are small and negligible; in contrast the initial crack starts to occur in subsurface or internal of specimen if the microstructure defects exist in material. The LCF cross‐section of SC belongs to the quasi‐cleavable type, the crack propagates in the direction of {111} plane and then extends along the vertical stress axis until the specimen fractures.
Chiral Nanoparticle‐Induced Enantioselective Amplification of Molecular Optical Activity
Authors: Yang Lin , Kwan Chak‐Shing , Zhang Lianglin , Li Xinghua , Han Yu , Leung Ken Cham‐Fai , Yang Yonggang , Huang Zhifeng
Published: December 2018

Enantiodifferentiation is of fundamental importance in chiral chemistry and substantially requires high optical activity (OA) of enantiomers; but the enantiomeric OA is typically weak due to subwavelength molecular dimension, leading to a lack of sensitive enantiodifferentiation. A new approach is devised to evidently amplify the enantiomeric OA by anchoring axially chiral molecules containing the binaphthyl chromophore on silver chiral nanoparticles (AgCNPs) with a sub‐5 nm helical pitch (P). Compared to the OA of dissolved enantiomers, that of (R)‐ and (S)‐ enantiomers can be enantioselectively amplified on right‐handed and left‐handed AgCNPs, respectively, in as high as one order of magnitude. The enantioselective amplification is probably ascribed to the enantiospecific adsorption‐induced change in the dihedral angle of the binaphthyl chromophore, resulting from chirality transfer from chiral footprints of the AgCNPs to the binaphthyl chromophore through the Ag–S bicontacts. The enantioselective amplification tends not to occur as long as P > 5 nm or on achiral Ag nanoparticles, due to a lack of the chirality transfer. This work imposes the significant application of enantiodifferentiation, which is on practical demand for producing single‐enantiomer pharmaceutics and pesticides with no fatal adverse effect, on the emerging chiral metamaterials composed of metallic CNPs.