bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seuils de pauvreté et montants des minima sociaux [Remarques sur les usages et les discours]
Authors: Aubert Bernard
Published: July 2013

Les nombreux seuils de pauvreté, y compris la forme particulière que sont les dépenses normalisées ou budgets types, et les montants des divers minima sociaux peuvent être intégrés dans un cadre commun de compréhension, celui de la pauvreté monétaire. Les seuils servent surtout à compter les pauvres et les minima sociaux fixent les obligations que l'Etat se reconnaît à leur égard. Dans la pratique, les niveaux ou les montants sont extrêmement variés. Cet article revient sur cette multiplicité. Tous ces niveaux sont le résultat de choix : choix ou hypothèses retenues par les experts pour la fixation des seuils de pauvreté, choix sur la composition du panier de biens pour le calcul du niveau des dépenses normalisées ou budgets types et choix relatifs aux barèmes de minima sociaux comme le RMI. Les discours savants ou politiques justifient parfois ces choix, par exemple celui d'un seuil de pauvreté plutôt qu'un autre ou encore celui du barème d'un minimum social. Ces choix reflètent en fait des représentations de la pauvreté, forcément subjectives et relatives.
La mendicité : traque publique et ressource privée
Authors: Damon Julien
Published: July 2013

Les mendiants ont refait irruption au sein de l'espace et des débats publics. A l'encontre des tentations du misérabilisme ou de l'ostracisme, cet article propose une description approfondie de la mendicité en tant qu'activité structurée, afin de saisir la réalité d'un phénomène qui éveille mythes et fantasmes. Les revenus des personnes engagées dans une «carrière» de mendicité permettent généralement tout juste de survivre, même lorsqu'ils viennent s'ajouter à l'aide sociale. Les éventuels déguisements et ruses des mendiants ne sont que des adaptations à leur indigence. Néanmoins, certains comportements menaçants, qui conduisent à une nouvelle criminalisation de la pauvreté par la voie d'arrêtés municipaux très critiquables, ne peuvent être tolérés. Il s 'agit donc de savoir ce qu'individuellement nous pensons de ceux que nous nommons, improprement, les « exclus », mais surtout de savoir comment, collectivement, nous voulons assurer les conditions du bien-être de tous. C'est ce faisceau de questions que soulève la mendicité.
Pauvreté et précarité dans les villes auvergnates
Authors: Vallès Vincent , Messin Brigitte
Published: July 2013

La situation socio-économique n'est pas uniforme sur l'ensemble du territoire auvergnat. Dans les grandes villes la précarité est très présente. Les taux élevés de bénéficiaires de minima sociaux y traduisent une certaine pauvreté touchant principalement les plus jeunes. Les différentes prestations sociales atténuent la précarité, mais elles ne la font pas disparaître. Être jeune, élever plus de trois enfants ou être seul pour assurer la charge d'une famille, sont en ville, plus qu'ailleurs, des facteurs importants de précarité financière. En fonction du type d'habitat et des loyers proposés dans les quartiers, la précarité urbaine présente des visages différents.
Les trajectoires d'emploi des jeunes mères de famille
Authors: Battagliola Françoise
Published: July 2013

Alors qu'elle n'a cessé de croître depuis les années soixante, l'activité professionnelle des femmes marque ces dernières années un recul chez les mères à la naissance de leur deuxième enfant, notamment parmi les plus jeunes. Ce phénomène témoigne des difficultés rencontrées par les jeunes mères pour accéder à un emploi stable. L'imbrication précoce des différentes étapes de la vie familiale et d'entrée dans la vie active handicape fortement les jeunes mères peu diplômées sur le marché du travail. Ce dernier tend à les reléguer dans des secteurs où la flexibilité du temps de travail et les formes atypiques d'emploi sont les plus fréquentes, ce qui inscrit ces femmes ayant de jeunes enfants dans la précarité ou dans la mise à l'écart du marché du travail.
Germaine Poinso-Chapuis : une politique familiale entre catholicisme social et féminisme
Authors: Antomarchi Véronique
Published: July 2013

Dans le contexte de la Libération et de la reconstruction de la France, Germaine Poinso-Chapuis, devenue première femme ministre en titre en 1947, symbolise non seulement l'accès des femmes à la citoyenneté mais aussi la conquête, éphémère certes, du pouvoir politique. Elle a alors eu en charge la santé, la famille et la population, domaines qui seront par la suite souvent attribués à des femmes. Les caractères de la politique familiale qu'elle a défendus s'inscrivent dans une double orientation. Le souci de rester fidèle aux idées féministes de sa jeunesse la conduit, par exemple, à défendre ardemment le travail des femmes mais aussi les situations de détresse de certaines épouses. Son appartenance au Mouvement républicain populaire la situe dans une mouvance proche du catholicisme social, ce qui explique à la fois sa conception d'une politique familiale globale et son combat en faveur du logement, de l'amélioration des prestations familiales et de la valorisation de la famille dans la cité. Ce subtil dosage entre deux sources de conviction très fortes la conduit à osciller entre tradition et modernité, ce qui en fait une personnalité aux facettes contradictoires, soucieuse de protéger, dans son camp politique, sa propre liberté.
Observer les emplois et les qualifications de l'intervention sociale
Authors: Maurel Elisabeth
Published: July 2013

L'hypothèse d'une crise ou du moins d'une déstabilisation des professions sociales traditionnelles est souvent évoquée. L'observation empirique permet de décrire trois familles de métiers. Celles de la présence sociale, de l'organisation sociale et de l'intervention sociale. Anciennes professions et nouveaux emplois sont regroupés avec un clivage plus ou moins accentué entre deux formes d'organisation du marché du travail. L'une repose sur la qualification, l'autre sur la compétence. Des processus de déprofessionnalisation et de recomposition apparaissent alors et traversent l'ensemble des politiques publiques. Des formes se dessinent au niveau local. L'enjeu aujourd'hui est d'ajuster les logiques de compétence et la construction d'instances de qualification afin de garantir la qualité des services et la régulation dans les rapports de travail.
La modernisation du service public : évolution des approches ces dix dernières années
Authors: Weller Jean-Marc
Published: July 2013

Lorsqu'on s'intéresse à la modernisation des services publics, la première chose qui frappe c'est l'ampleur des travaux de recherche sur cette question depuis 10 ans. La branche Famille n'échappe pas aux analyses des chercheurs. Transformations de ses métiers, relations critiques avec les allocataires, enjeux des répartitions des ressources, politiques de management et de gestion en sont les thèmes majeurs, avec la rencontre d'un personnage inédit jusqu'alors, l'usager, objet d'interactions, d'accords, coproducteur de l'activité de service. En restituant la complexité du travail administratif en contact avec l'usager, les recherches abordent la dimension politique de l'intervention publique où l'usager devient citoyen, mais aussi consommateur, et où sa pénétration dans l'univers de l'organisation a aussi pour effet une transformation de l'identité des agents publics.
L'introuvable communauté des vendeurs de la presse SDF
Authors: Frétigné Cédric
Published: July 2013

La dissonance entre le statut effectif des vendeurs et la catégorisation identitaire « exclus » qui légitime leur pratique a peu orienté les débats relatifs à la presse SDF. Dans le cadre d'une approche ethnographique réalisée en 1994 auprès des colporteurs du métro parisien, l'auteur montre qu'en dépit d'un recrutement social homogène, de règles encadrant l'activité et d'une rhétorique professionnelle unitaire, on observe une segmentation professionnelle traduite par une appréhension différenciée des enjeux de l'activité souterraine et une absence d'identité au travail partagée.
La clientèle des centres sociaux : l'exemple de Reims
Authors: Ronez Claude
Published: July 2013

Les treize centres sociaux rémois accueillent un public jeune, notamment à travers les activités des centres de loisirs sans hébergement et des haltes- garderies. La pratique des activités sportives offertes aux adultes est le moment privilégié d'une relation entre générations différentes. La clientèle de ces centres est le plus souvent composée de familles qui résident à proximité, particulièrement lorsqu'ils sont situés dans un quartier en zone urbaine sensible. Enfin, les chômeurs et les familles monoparentales sont surreprésentés dans les centres sociaux de ces quartiers en difficulté.
Une revue de la littérature sur les jeunes sans domicile
Authors: Firdion Jean-Marie
Published: July 2013

L’étude d’articles et d’ouvrages scientifiques récents (européens et nord-américains) permet de dégager certaines caractéristiques des jeunes sans domicile. Bien que ceux-ci constituent une catégorie de population difficile à définir et à observer, on constate toutefois des traits spécifiques liés à cette étape particulière du cycle de vie qu’ils partagent tous : le passage à l’âge adulte dans des conditions sociales, familiales et économiques difficiles. Loin de composer cependant le portrait d’un groupe social homogène, ces travaux montrent des jeunes dont les caractéristiques (présentes et passées) les éloignent des jeunes disposant d’un logement stable, mais aussi des personnes sans domicile plus âgées, laissant penser que le statut de SDF ne sera pas forcément le devenir du jeune errant.
Fonctionnaires internationaux à Genève : le poids du privilège
Authors: Adly Hossam
Published: July 2013

À Genève, la perception des fonctionnaires internationaux est passée de l’enthousiasme qui a accompagné l’installation de la Société des Nations en 1920 à l’accusation récente de faire monter les prix du logement. Le développement urbain et économique de la ville est passé par un processus en trois étapes qui a mené à l’invention d’une minorité urbaine privilégiée : la « communauté internationale ». Comment cette population, hétérogène par la nationalité, le sexe, l’âge ou encore la fonction, a constitué une « communauté » ? En retour, comment et en quels termes, les fonctionnaires internationaux se reconnaissent-ils comme d’une communauté fondée sur leur « commune internationalité » et se démarquent-ils des « locaux » ? Cette enquête ethnographique, dans une agence de l’ onu , contribue à une anthropologie urbaine d’une minorité cosmopolite.
Les migrants à Hanoï : Construction politique d'un groupe social dominé
Authors: Pulliat Gwenn
Published: July 2013

Cet article analyse la façon dont la politique d’enregistrement résidentiel au Vietnam attribue l’étiquette de « migrants » à une « population flottante » aux pratiques migratoires variées, circulant entre Hanoï et son hinterland . Elle s’accompagne d’une différenciation des droits sociaux qui assigne ces « migrants » à un statut social infériorisé ; elle entérine les rapports sociaux de domination entre « résidents » et « migrants » et construit une minorité dominée.
Fluctuations de jeunes chinois autour d'une destruction urbaine à Canton
Authors: Selim Monique
Published: July 2013

Cet article analyse la formation et les développements d’un groupe de jeunes chinois mobilisés par la destruction d’un ancien quartier de Canton, capitale du sud de la Chine. Fondé sur une investigation anthropologique, il met en scène les ambiguïtés et les contradictions internes à cette initiative qui a des difficultés à formuler ses objectifs ; en effet la conservation du bâti est quasiment impensable compte tenu de sa dégradation avancée et les habitants sont réduits au rôle de marionnettes dans l’esprit des jeunes. L’auteure donne à voir la complexité d’une scène au sein de laquelle s’entremêlent la peur d’affronter l’État-parti et des espoirs flous d’ascension sociale prenant pour enjeux la mémoire et la culture. La réflexion porte sur le caractère emblématique de cette expérience urbaine qui témoigne d’une « société civile » embryonnaire, dont les destinées restent incertaines dans le contexte politique autoritaire régnant.
Integration in Engineering Education: A Trial Run
Authors: Ercan M. Fikret
Published: July 2013
A Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering for Non-traditional Students
Authors: Böhmer Cornelia , Roznawski Nina , Meuth Hermann , Beck-Meuth Eva Maria
Published: July 2013
Program Educational Objectives Definition and Assessment for Accreditation Purposes
Authors: Abbadeni Noureddine , Ghoneim Ahmed , AlGhamdi Abdullah
Published: July 2013

Academic accreditation of degree programs is becoming an important mean for many institutions to improve the quality of their degree programs. Many programs, in particular computing and engineering, offered by many schools have engaged in the accreditation process with different accreditation bodies. The most known accreditation body in the Unites States of America for engineering, computing, technology, and applied science programs is ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology). A key problem towards the satisfaction of ABET accreditation criteria is the appropriate definition and assessment of program educational objectives for a specific degree program.  Program Educational Objectives are important as they represent the ultimate mean to judge the quality of a program. They related directly to student outcomes and curriculum of a degree program. We propose a set of guidelines to help understand how program educational objectives can be defined and assessed. We relate and use examples from our practical experience acquired while working on the ABET accreditation of a Software Engineering progra
The Dividing Precision Measurement of the End-Tooth Plate for Ultra-Precision Gear Machining
Authors: Zhai Ren Wen , Ma Yong , Li Ke Hong , Ling Si Ying
Published: July 2013

For the purpose of machining ultra-precision gear, its pitch accuracy reached grade 1, instead of traditional index plate used the end-tooth plate to reform the machine dividing system of Y7125 grinder so that its dividing precision will be improved (within3). The dividing accuracy of the modified machine tool is mainly decided by the dividing accuracy of the end-tooth plate under the state of freedom. It requires the dividing accuracy of end-tooth plate itself as a reference to calibrate the dividing accuracy of Y7125 grinder. Therefore, in the paper, a set of experiment equipments are designed to measure the dividing precision of the end-tooth plate under the state of freedom and parallel experiments are carried out. From researches, it is discovered that the maximum dividing error of this plate is 0.46 and the measurement uncertainty in experiment is ±0.03. This indicates that it meets the processing requirement of the ultra precision gear and the modification turns out to be true
Application of Matlab/Simulink in Hydraulic Proportional System
Authors: Liu Ming , Yao Yao
Published: July 2013

This paper introduces the features of Simulink software and presents a method for the dynamic simulation of hydraulic proportional system by Simulink. It establishes a mathematical model for hydraulic proportional system based on four-way valve controlled asymmetric hydraulic cylinder. Based on the simulation model, the paper introduces how to use Simulink to simulate the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic proportional system, and then obtains the main parameters of the dynamic characteristics of the system. The simulation results show that Simulink is an effective way for the dynamic simulation of the hydraulic proportional system.
Bearing Binary Classification Intelligent Diagnosis by Combined Improved EEMD with SVM
Authors: Zhang Mei Jun , Huang Jie , Chai Kai , Chen Hao
Published: July 2013

In order to perform the bearing intelligent fault diagnosis,combined improved EEMD with SVM respectively applied to the binary classification identification of bearing normal and ball fault, normal and inner circle fault,normal and outer ring fault in this paper.Improve EEMD decomposed 9d normalized energy for characteristic vector,the SVM binary classification and recognition of bearings normal and ball fault, normal and inner circle fault, normal and outer ring fault is researched.Compared to the SVM classification accuracy using different kernel functions that is linear kernel function, polynomial kernel function, RBF kernel function and Sigmoid kernel function.In the same parameters,SVM classification accuracy based on linear kernel function and polynomial kernel function is a hundred percent.Bearing normal and ball fault,normal and inner circle fault,normal and outer ring fault is completely correct apart.And there are the classification errors based on RBF kernel function and Sigmoid kernel functions.
Design and Implementation of Online Photosensitive Turbid Meter
Authors: Wang Jin Yu , Ye Xi Tai , Liu Guang Cheng
Published: July 2013

This paper explain a new online Turbidimeter to measure sewage suspended solids based on light scattering principle. This Photosensitive Turbidimeter has the advantages of high accuracy, high stability, low power consumption and so on. It can meets the current national health standards and grassroots laboratorys detecting the turbidity of water samples and satisfies user requirements.
A Study on Routing Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Sang Lei , Long Duo
Published: July 2013

Wireless sensor network is one of the supporting technologies of the Internet of Things, composed of both communication ability and wireless sensors with limited power, WSN is responsible for sensing information and transmission of stub networks. On the basis of analyzing the reason for generating uncertain information such as information fusion and random load in wireless sensor networks, transmission model is the emphasis of research and design. Besides this, a multiple-path routing protocol with minimum transmission is put forward.
Hybrid Approach to Optimize the Cluster Flying Orbit for Fractionated Spacecraft Based on PSO-SQP Algorithm
Authors: Wan Sheng Hui , Song Jun Ling , Chen Jian , Hu Min
Published: July 2013

This template This paper investigates the optimal cluster flight orbit design issue for the fractionated spacecraft according to three main goals: keeping the cluster as stable as possible, preventing the collisions within the cluster, maintaining the inter-satellite distance within the maximum region. Firstly, the relative orbital elements are adopted to describe the relative motion. Then, the formation design requirements are formulated in terms of the relative orbital elements, the constrained optimization problem is solved using the hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm integrated with sequential quadratic programming local search. The simulation results show that the hybrid PSO-SQP algorithm is effective.
Development of Wireless Sensor Network Based on ZigBee and RFID Technology
Authors: Yuan Jin Song , Zhang Jian
Published: July 2013

The technical features of RFID and sensor network, and inherits the RFID radio frequency signal characteristic of automatic target recognition, at the same time, the implementation of a wireless sensor network active perception and communication function. This paper analyzed the wireless sensor network integration of ZigBee and RFID technology; each node can be coordinated in real-time monitoring, sensing and collecting network of regional distribution of a variety of environmental or monitoring information. The paper puts forward the development of wireless sensor network based on ZigBee and RFID technology. Wireless sensor network is Zigbee and GSM is used for data communication based on sensor networks.
Research of Hybrid Mobile Agent Routing in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Zhang Li Hong , Chen Shu Qian
Published: July 2013

The mobile agent route is essentially a multi-constraint optimization problem, Genetic Algorithms has fast random global search ability, but the feedback information of the system does not use and has the problem of low efficiency of finding exact solutions, propose a genetic hybrid ant colony algorithm for WSN mobile agent route. Use of the fast random global search capabilities of genetic algorithm to find better solutions, then the better solution replaced by the initial pheromone of the ant colony algorithm, finally use the advantages of convergence speed of ant colony algorithm to find the global optimal solution for mobile agent route. Simulation results show that the algorithm can find optimal mobile agent route in a relatively short time, relative to other routing algorithms, reducing network latency and average energy consumption, improving the speed and efficiency of data transfer.
Optimization of Indirect Air-Cooling System of Power Plants with Incremental Power Generation Method and Coal Consumption Method
Authors: Yan Wen Zhou , Yang Bo
Published: July 2013

The indirect air-cooling system is usually optimized for minimum annual cost. Domestic designing departments take different views on incremental power generation method and coal consumption method in calculation of operating cost. This paper analyzed the two different methods by using the optimization software of indirect air-cooling system, and modified the main parameters of indirect air-cooling system in practical engineering. In this paper, annual cost is in 10 thousand Yuan.
A Method to Calculate the Electric Field and Ion Current Density at Ground Level for HVDC Transmission Lines during Rain Weather
Authors: Long Zhao Zhi , Lu Fei
Published: July 2013

HVDC transmission lines can generate an effect on the environment nearby due to the electric field and the ion current density after the corona occurs, so the calculation of ionic flow field is significant to transmission lines design and electromagnetic analysis. However, there is no effective method to calculate the characteristic parameters of ionic flow field under rainy condition. Based on Deutschs assumption, a calculational method is proposed with considering the effects of raindrops on ionic flow field. In the method, the space-charge-free electric field distortion caused by raindrops is especially considered, and the charged raindrops are seen as a charge background of transmission lines. The field strengths and ion current densities calculated using this method are compared with the experimental results in the published literature, it shows that the method is effective and accurate enough under fair and rainy conditions.
A Charger Design for Aircraft Batteries Based on ZVS Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge Soft-Switching Circuit
Authors: Liu Ya Long , Liu Yan
Published: July 2013

A design idea of power supply for aircraft battery charger is proposed, which is based on the thought of aircraft batteries characters such as small capacity and same working voltage range. The crucial parameters of the power supply are set depended on analyzing the capacity and voltage range of aircraft batteries. After analyzing the features of power converters, the ZVS phase shifted full-bridge soft-switching circuit is chose and then crucial components are designed. The experiment results show that the design scheme of the power supply can meet using-requirements. The design scheme of general-purpose power supply solve the problem that aircraft battery charger has bad general-using ability.
Study on Velocity Variation of Primary Air in Power Plants
Authors: Yang Xing Sen , Yin Jing
Published: July 2013

Uniform velocity of primary air is very important in the operation of utility boilers. Regulation of the resistance of each pipe was done without pulverized coal to achieve equal flow velocity. The mass flow rate of pulverized coal and the length difference of pipes would lead to velocity variation of primary air. By the research of primary air flow and the regulation process, model of the velocity variation was built to calculate the velocity of each pipe and their difference. The arrangement of pipes and the operation parameters were taken into consideration. With the experimental data, calculation of velocity under different states was made. The velocity difference of different pipes was estimated. The length difference between pipes and the variation of the mass flow rate of pulverized coal play the most important role that affects the velocity of primary air.
Laddered Multilevel DC/AC Inverters Used in Solar Panel Energy Systems
Authors: Luo Fang Lin
Published: July 2013

Multilevel DC/AC Inverters have various structures. They have many advantages. Unfortunately, most existing inverters content too many components (independent/floating batteries/sources, diodes, Capacitors and switches). The author introduces the "Laddered Multilevel DC/AC Inverters in this paper that is new approach of the development in this area. Their simple structure and clear operation are obviously different from the existing inverters. Its application in Solar Panel Energy Systems is successful. The simulation and experimental results strongly support our design. We believe that these inverters will draw much attention over the world, and be applied in other renewable energy systems.
Voltage Sag Evaluation Method of a Real Distribution System Based on a Connection Number Model
Authors: Bai Lang , Yu Le
Published: July 2013

The evaluation results of power system are greatly influenced by the reliability parameters and uncertainty of system components. The connection number assessment model and an approach have been presented to assess the occurrence frequency due to voltage sags. The proposed method had been applied to a real distribution system. Compared with the interval number method, the simulation results have shown that this method is simple and flexible.
Research on Stability of Power System with Distributed Generation Synthesis Load Model
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Zhen An , Liu Wei , Wang Ya Nan
Published: July 2013

With different element models and parameters in power system, the transient stability analysis results are also different, especially the model of generator and load. Based on the actual parameters of Hunan power grid, this paper builds the synthesis load model of the distribution network with small hydropower considered, and then the Hunan simulation network can also be got. Using PSASP, analyses the transient stability of Hunan power system with distributed small hydropower under different operation modes systematically and comprehensively. Through an overall check of the stability level in each Hunan area, and then compared with the analysis results of Hunan power grid based on the currently used load model , the influences of the distributed small hydropower on the safe and stable operation of the large power network are summarized.
Numerical Analysis of Temperature Field of Cup-Shaped Frozen Soil Wall Reinforcement at Shield Shaft
Authors: Hu Jun , Zeng Hui , Wang Xiao Bin
Published: July 2013

Determining the freezing reinforcement required range and reinforcement method, acquiring the development and distribution pattens of frozen soil wall temperature field are the key issues needed to be addressed when using cup-shaped horizontal freezing method for the soil reinforcement of shield tunnel ends. Based on the shield launching project of the west side of Yixianqiao station in Nanjing subway line 2 and the finite element numerical analysis software, the development and distribution patterns of the cup-shaped frozen soil wall reinforcement were studied. The numerical simulation showed that, after freezing for 30 days, the x = -1 section temperature field evenly distributed around the center tube. And the freezing temperatures within the outer tubes were usually below-20°C. The temperature field circled around the center tube and the temperature gradually increased from the inside to the outside to 0°C within the range of about 1 m outside the outer tubes. The freezing temperatures within the range of 2 m thickness of the cup-bottom in the y= 0 section were usually below-10°C and the temperatures changed from inner to outer significantly until rising to 0 °C at the freezing pipe ends of the cup-bottom. Freeze wall formed firstly in the outer tubes, then the intermediate tubes, and lastly the outer tubes. And the freeze wall closure time that closed cup-shaped frozen soil wall formed was 15 days in this designed freezing method.
Directional Fracture Blasting Experimental Study
Authors: Xie Hua Gang , Wang Zi Xu , Li Chao , Zhang Jia Hong
Published: July 2013

According to the theories of explosive mechanics and rock fracture dynamics mechanics, carries on the theoretical analysis to the complex slotted seam cartridge, obtains that the complex slotted seam cartridge has the better directional fracture effect. Through the similar simulation experimental study, using the microscopic fracture detection and the macroscopic observation method, a comprehensive analysis of the complex slotted seam cartridge and the conventional slotted seam cartridge's blasting effect, the analysis also indicated that the complex slotted seam cartridge has the better directional fracture effect and the higher energy utilization, and is smaller to the surrounding rock damage.
The Preparation and Characterization of ZAO/TiO2 Nanotubes Composite Materials
Authors: Liu Yang Lin , Duan Xue Chen , Liu Yan Yan
Published: July 2013

The surface chemistry method is used to produce Zinc Aluminium oxide (ZAO) particle surface which modifying tubular TiO2 and can produce nanotubes composite material of ZAO/TiO2. The influence of different atom proportionings, aluminum doping amount as well as the contents of Zn and other conditions on the production of composite material's surface morphology, microstructure and photocatalytic performance were Study with XRDSEMTEM and other characterization means. The experiments indicated when Zn:Ti=1:4(a.t.),it has the best catalytic effect and the methyl orange degradation rate can reach 95% at 50min.
Effects of the Sr/Si Ratio on the Photoluminescence Properties of Sr3SiO5:Eu2+ Nanophosphors
Authors: Peng Ling Ling , Liu Bi Tao , Deng Ying , Han Tao
Published: July 2013

Sr3SiO5:Eu2+ nanophosphors for white LEDs were synthesized by solgel method. The crystalline phases were examined with X-ray diffraction (XRD). Luminescence properties were studied, and effects of the Sr/Si ratio on the emission spectra were also studied. The nanophosphor showed a broad excitation band from 300 to 500 nm and a broad band emission peaking at 593 nm due to the typical electron transition of Eu2+ 4f74f65d1. Remarkable enhancement in luminescence characteristics was observed when excesses silica was used. This phenomenon may be attributed to the improvement of Si sensitized the luminescence of Eu2+ in the Sr3SiO5 nanophosphor.
Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Cu15Ni10Mn Alloy in NaCl Solution
Authors: Cai Wei , Li An Yun , Xu Pian , Wu Yu , Chen Liang , Wang Gang , Yang Sheng Li
Published: July 2013

Investigating the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Cu15Ni10Mn alloy in NaCl solution with different Cl concentration was studied by measuring open-circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that as the Cl- concentration increase, the corrosion potentials of the alloy shifted negatively, corrosion currents increase, the corrosion process by electrochemical control change of diffusion control, and therefore the corrosion rates become faster. The presence of Cl- have effect on the dissolution mechanism and corrosion products of the alloy, when the concentration of Cl- is relatively low, a reducing peak current appears in the process of cyclic voltammetry retracing , when the Cl- concentration is higher, cyclic voltammetry flyback process does not appear to restore the current peak. This is mainly associated with the generation of corrosion product, when Cl- concentration is low, the corrosion product is Cu2(OH)3Cl (basic copper chloride) and other two copper ion salts, when the concentration of Cl-is higher, corrosion products are mainly Cu2(OH)3Cl (basic copper chloride).
Study on the Adiabatic Temperature of Al-Ti-C Grain Refiner Synthesized by SHS Technique
Authors: Li Y.L. , Zhou T.G.
Published: July 2013

SHS technique and conventional melting and casting technology were combined and used for the preparation of Al-Ti-C grain refiner alloy. Experimental results show that when SHS reaction occurs to the Al, Ti and C powder reactant in Al melt and the composition proportion factor, n , is between 4 and 10, the effect of composition on the initial temperature of SHS reaction is small and its initial temperature ranges from 810 to 815°C. However, the highest temperature of the melt increases with increasing n values and increases gradually from 845 to 1370°C. In the meantime, when the composition proportion factor for Al, Ti and C powder reactant, n, is greater than 5.95, its adiabatic temperature Td>1800K which conforms to the empirical criterion proposed by Merzhanov et al. The SHS reaction of reactant can accomplish by self-maintenance.
Experimental Analysis of the Damage Zone around Crack Tip for Rubberlike Materials under Mode-I Fracture Condition
Authors: Li Xiao Lei , Li Xiao Jing , Sang Jian Bing , Qie Yan Hui , Tu Yao Ping , Zhang Cheng Bo
Published: July 2013

Studying the deformation and fracture properties of soft materials can not only provide insight into the physical mechanisms underlying their superior properties and functions but also benefit the design and fabrication of rubberlike materials. In this paper, an application of the experimental digital moire method to determine the damage zone around crack tip for rubberlike material is presented. The measurement principles and the basic procedures of the method are explained in detail. The deformation of crack tip fields in the damage zones is analyzed using the sector division mode. Finally, an analysis of the damage zone is proposed to describe crack-tip fields in rubber-like materials with large deformation.
3D-Computer Simulation of Physical Transfer Process in Laser Molten Pool
Authors: Yang Bo , Yang Xi Chen , Lei Jian Bo , Wang Yun Shan
Published: July 2013

The physical mathematic model for heat transfer and convection in laser molten pool established. 3D-computer simulation of temperature and fluid fields has been completed with finite difference method. It is shown that in laser molten pool there is a strong fluid flow, which is symmetrical in XY plane and anti symmetric in XZ plane. Due to effects of convection and heat transfer laser molten pool is widen. Surface tension gradient is the main drawing force for convection.
A Method to Determine the Fractal Roughness Parameter from Surface Profiles Generated by the WM Function
Authors: Wang Li , Xiang Yang
Published: July 2013

The fractal surface profile can usually be represented by WM function, A fractal dimension and a fractal roughness parameter are very important characteristic parameters in WM function. Usually, fractal scaling parameter γ was set to equal to 1.5, fractal dimension can be determined by the structure function method, but the accurately identification of the fractal roughness parameter is still a problem. In the present study, a simply numerical scheme with clear routine was developed to determine the fractal roughness parameter, and the fractal roughness parameter were recovered with reasonable accuracy from the numerically generated rough surface profile based WM function.
Structure and Development Trend of the Typical Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Assembling Machine
Authors: Zheng Zhou , Xia Bi Zhong , Ouyang Zhong Dong , Liu Yi Ran
Published: July 2013

Aluminum electrolytic capacitor (AEC) is widely applied in many fields, but also it plays an important role in the capacitor industry. The assembling machine is the key equipment in the AEC production, whose performance determines the quality of capacitors. This paper introduces the working process and system structure of the typical AEC assembling machine, and analyses some problems of assembling machines in our China. Combined with these problems, the paper brings forward the prospective development direction, which provides the reference for the design and manufacturing of assembling machines.
Finite Element Analysis on Protective Airtight Doors of Mine Removable Rescue Capsule
Authors: Chang De Gong , Li Song Mei , Liu Dong Hao , Fei Zhen Zhong , Gao Xin Jun
Published: July 2013

In this paper, a cured door structure of mine rescue capsule is proposed, and compared with ordinary flat panel doors. Firstly two kind of three-dimensional solid models of mine removable protective airtight doors are established by the Pro/e software. And then take the advantage of the strength analysis of ANSYS finite element software to draw the stress and strain diagrams. The analysis results show that the strength and stiffness of the curved door is better than ordinary flat panel doors, which provide important theoretical basis and reference value on the design, research and dynamic analysis of the life-saving door.
Collar Length on the Performance of a Nozzle Using Fluidic Counterflow for Thrust Vectoring
Authors: Liu Zhao Miao , Xu Ying Li , Shen Feng
Published: July 2013

Numerical simulation is applied to study internal flow structure and performance of counterflow thrust vectoring nozzle with collar length in zero attack angle and subsonic conditions. The changes of thrust vectoring angle, resultant thrust ratio and secondary mass flow ratios are obtained. Results indicate that the thrust vectoring angle firstly increases and then decreases with increasing suction collar length, the max of which is 5.5o; but resultant thrust ratio decreases, and its range is 0.76-0.78;During the procedure of increasing suction collar length, suction flow shifts from counterflow to coflow, and mass flow ratio decreases.
Numerical Study on Flight Stability of Fin-Stabilized Shell of Small Length-Diameter Ratio and High Aspect Ratio
Authors: Zhang Fu , Xie Da Yong , Ruan Wen Jun , Wang Hao
Published: July 2013

In order to obtain the flight stability of a flip-out tail fin shell of small length-diameter ratio and high aspect ratio, this paper calculates the supersonic viscous flow of the shell with the finite volume method, when the angle of attack exists. The six degree of freedom simulation is carried out with the previous results. The characteristics of the flow field around the shell ,static stability and dynamic stability are analyzed. The results show that lift coefficient can be described by linearity rule. Position of pressure center, which accounts for 10.3% of the total shell length, ranges from 0.3305 to 0.3945m. When initial disturbances are between 5and 9rad/s, maximum attack angle, which is apart from about 20m in the muzzle, is less than 5.5°. The amplitude of the angle of attack attenuates very fast and is close to 0° in 100m away.
Numerical Simulation of Triangle-Arranged Tubular Heat Exchanger
Authors: Li Hui , Hu Rui Hua
Published: July 2013

Based on the principle and method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using the software, FLUENT, the inner water flow field in the cross-section geometric model of a triangle-arranged tubular heat exchanger was simulated and the flow details were studied roundly. This article analyzed the temperature field distribution, pressure field distribution and pointed out the main factors that affected the effect of the heat transfer. The results of this paper provided a good base and reference for the further research on the optimum design.
Design of Glass Flatness Semi-Automatic Detection System
Authors: Zhai Lin Lin , Chen Guang Feng , Wei Xin , Ma Xi Pei
Published: July 2013

This article proposed a glass flatness detection system. The systems adopt 16 displacement sensors to detect multiple sample points on the glass surface simultaneously. Detection software controls pneumatic devices to realize glass feeding, clamping while displacement sensors detection. Sensors output the detected displacement values in the form of the analog voltage to the data acquisition card. After the A/D cast, the values will be processed and get the thickness, width, flatness and the parallelism value of the glass. Through comparing with predefined limitation to justify whether the product fulfill the requirement. Test result show that proposed system could greatly improve the efficiency and precision of glasses flatness detection.
Design of Toxic Gas Monitoring System Based on Virtual Technology and WSN
Authors: Song Yong Xian , Feng Yuan , Zhang Xian Jin
Published: July 2013

This paper took wireless sensor network (WSN) as the data transmission way and used the LabVIEW platform, and design multifunctional virtual instrument system with signal acquisition, demonstration, analysis, storage and the historical data inquiry to implement remote operation of gas monitoring.In terms of hardware design, the wireless sensor nodes and radio frequency circuit were mainly designed, and in terms of software design, the wireless communication procedures and LabVIEW program were mainly designed. The data of measured objects were collected in real time by wireless sensor nodes, and were sent to wireless main nodes through the ZigBee wireless technology. The wireless main nodes received data of all wireless sensor nodes, and the data are encapsulated into USB package and submitted to PC, then were processed through LabVIEW platform. The system was characterized with its low power consumption, high precision, simple design, convenient operation, friendly interface and good reliability.
Numerical Analysis on Parameters Adjustment of Smoke Control System in a Complicated Underground Commercial Zone
Authors: Li De Wen , Zhang Jing Zhao
Published: July 2013

The technical parameters adjustment of smoke control system in a complicated underground commercial zone is studied by numerical simulations. An underground fire model (it encloses a hotel, a supermarket, and a net bar) and five typical fire scenarios are designed. The Fire Dynamic Simulator code is used to investigate the characteristics of fire spread and smoke movement, and obtain the available safety egress times in different fire scenarios. The required safety egress time is calculated based on the data of actual simulation exercises and numerical simulation by Building EXODUS. The simulation results show that, when the smoke exhaust rate is 5.56 cubic meter per second and air low rate reaches 3.89 cubic meter per second simultaneously, the available safety egress time is more than the required safety egress time.
A Bio-Inspired Strategy for Robotic Fish Swimming in Unsteday Flows
Authors: Ma Zhao Wei , Zhou Han , Wang Guang Ming , Shen Lin Cheng , Hu Tian Jiang
Published: July 2013

Fish can swim swiftly in complicated flow environments, which conceives inspirations for man-made underwater vehicles. The paper concentrates on some bio-inspired strategies to enable robotic fish better adaptability within changing environments. An adaptive neural method corresponding to environment is proposed and developed with a pair of coupled neural oscillators. A parameters forecasting algorithm is also designed. On the other hand, a notional four joints robotic fish is designed to validate the effectiveness of the model. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms predict the altering kinematics parameters exactly and improved model can depict the fishs adaptable behaviors. Therefore the effectiveness is further validated for potential applications into robotic fish.
DZN2 Automatic Soil Moisture Observation System Based on GPRS Transmission
Authors: Xue Long Qin , Ye Lin Mao
Published: July 2013

This article introduces the system of DZN2 automatic soil moisture observation and its application in china. The system is mainly made up of automatic collecting device, wireless data transmission system and intelligent data analysis software, and it realizes the automatic collecting for soil moisture, remote wireless transmission, real-time analysis, automatic monitoring and decision support. Meanwhile, the installation of instrument is simple, the maintenance is convenient, the monitoring for soil moisture is continuous and the data precision is high. By these rich and practical functions, business service personnel can quickly analyze the variation trend of soil moisture content in the local area, make a scientific forecast of droughts, and provide technology support for decision-making service of government based on the real-timely collected soil moisture data.
Heading Measurement Based on Ultrasonic and Magnetic Compass
Authors: Sun Bao Jiang , Xu Yue
Published: July 2013

Describes briefly ultrasonic positioning system (UPS) and digital magnetic compass (DMC) heading measurement principle,analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of each option. To improve the accuracy of the heading measurement, As the theoretical basis of adaptive Kalman filter, designed a kind of ups and dmc integrated navigation system. Based on both real measurement data, made a simulation experiment and confirmed the feasibility of the navigation system.
Research on Tower Crane Safety Control System Based on GPRS and U Disk Storage
Authors: Wang Jin Yu , Fu Guang Jie , Lin Dong Xue , Wang Chao
Published: July 2013

Driven by the interests of the construction unit, field workers illegal operations and other reasons, tower crane collapse accidents occur frequently, personal injury or death became common occurrence. According to the nationalGB12602-2010 lifting mechanical overload protection device security technical specifications, security and monitoring equipment must be installed on the tower crane. The GPRS and U disk storage tower crane control system has catered to the national security specified requirements. By the control system, the data can not only be recorded and inquired, well it can also be wireless remote transmitted. Supervisors who are in units can also monitor the construction site online. Meanwhile, the system can control the tower crane operations according to the specific situation of overrun. The system has a good promotional value.
Study on Elliptic Filters in Airborne Gravity Data Processing
Authors: Zhou Wei , Cai Ti Jing
Published: July 2013

For low-pass filtering of airborne gravity data processing, elliptic low-pass digital filters were designed and filtering influences of the elliptic filter order, upper limit passband frequency, maximal passband attenuation and minimal stopband attenuation were studied. The results show that the upper limit passband frequency has the greatest effect on filtering among four parameters; the filter order and the maximal passband attenuation have some influence, but instability will increase with larger order; the effect of the minimal stopband attenuation is not obvious when reaching a certain value, which requires a combination of evaluation indicator accuracy to determine the optimal value. The standard deviations of discrepancies between the elliptic filtered gravity anomaly with optimal parameters and the commercial software result are within 1mGal, and the internal accord accuracy along four survey lines after level adjusting is about 0.620mGal.
Redesigning Manual Wheelchair for Disabled Children Using Anthropometry Data and Biomechanical Analysis
Authors: Susmartini Susy , Astuti Rahmaniyah Dwi , Mustikasari Tri , Rosyidi Cucuk Nur
Published: July 2013

Wheelchair is an important equipment to assist people with lower body disability to move from one place to another. The aim of this research is to redesigning manual wheelchair for disabled children using anthropometry data and biomechanical analysis. Anthropometry data is used to determine the dimensions of the wheelchair, while the biomechanical analysis is used to compare the performance of the existing and proposed design. This research resulted a new design which gives more comfort to the users and used a lever mechanism to move the wheelchair. The results of biomechanical analysis show that the force to move the proposed wheelchair is larger than the existing one. It makes more loads are given to the elbow and shoulder of the users. Better performance is shown by the proposed design in the reaction force in neck and lumbar which will reduce the complaining pain of the users in their back.