bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MFG-E8 Knockout Aggravated Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Promoting the Activation of TLR4/NF-κB Signaling in Mice
Authors: Hu Jun , Du Hui , Yuan Yinglin , Guo Peipei , Yang Junxia , Yin Xinru , Liu Jin , Wu Shengwang , Wan Jingyuan , Gong Xia
Published: June 2022

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the common liver disease characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis; there are no approved drugs to treat this disease because of incomplete understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of NASH. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8), a multifunctional glycoprotein, has shown anti-inflammation and antifibrosis. Here, MFG-E8 was shown to play a key role in NASH progression. Using methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-fed mice, we found MFG-E8 knockout exacerbated hepatic damage and steatosis as indicated by increased plasma transaminases activities and hepatic histopathologic change, higher hepatic triglycerides (TGs), and lipid accumulation. Moreover, liver fibrosis and inflammation elicited by MCD were aggravated in MFG-E8 knockout mice. Mechanistically, MFG-E8 knockout facilitated activation of hepatic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in MCD-fed mice. In vitro experiment, the TLR4 specific antagonist TAK-242 rescued palmitic acid- (PA-) primed lipid formation and inflammation in MFG-E8 knockout primary murine hepatocytes. These findings indicated that MFG-E8 is involved in the progression of NASH and the possible mechanism by which MFG-E8 knockout exacerbated NASH in mice is associated with activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Internet Digital Economy Development Forecast Based on Artificial Intelligence and SVM-KNN Network Detection
Authors: Fu Jianru , Zhou Xu , Mei Guoping
Published: June 2022

The development and spread of Internet technology have made it easier to find web servers. People can browse various websites to shop or pay for living expenses, which brings great convenience to life, but as a result, Internet security problems continue to appear. This article is based on a detailed theoretical analysis of mainstream algorithms, making an analysis of web logs which is of great significance and practical value. In addition, through reasoning analysis, technical support is provided for improving the weight factor of the KNN (K-nearest neighbor) algorithm, and the literature research method of the SVM-KNN hybrid algorithm and the KNN classifier is proposed. This paper conducts a detailed theoretical analysis based on the mainstream algorithms that are widely used in the current classification technology and integrates the mainstream classification algorithms in real-life applications and popularization, selecting the support vector machine and KNN calculation method. In the digital economy development model, although China has a large number of netizens, obvious late-comer advantages and institutional advantages as a guarantee, due to the constraints of two key factors, capital and technology, a series of social problems have also arisen. During the transformation of the digital economy, prominent digital security issues, high-risk vulnerabilities, and increasing number of cyber-attacks, along with uneven data quality levels and lagging laws and regulations, have brought many challenges and obstacles.
A Multilevel Point Cloud Classification Method for Underground Tunnels Based on Three-Dimensional Moving LiDAR Measurements
Authors: Li Yanyi , Shi Jian , Xiao Zhihua
Published: June 2022

Underground tunnel engineering requires complex systematic engineering. A tunnel requires internal measurements after the completion of shield construction to check the real construction quality of the tunnel and provide measurement data for the next tunnel project acceptance team. When measuring a tunnel’s internal construction and performing associated data analysis, it is necessary to accurately count the size and type information of the built tunnel internal structure. In this study, mobile three-dimensional laser scanning technology is used to collect a tunnel’s internal point cloud data, and many unordered point cloud data are collected. Thus, classifying the ground objects inside the tunnel automatically and accurately is a critical problem to be solved in a tunnel construction survey. Additionally, this study proposes a multilayer underground tunnel point cloud classification method that uses the hierarchical clustering structure to deal with the original tunnel point cloud. This method extracts the specific ground objects, such as tracks or roads, platforms, and pipelines, on the tunnel surface and inside the tunnel step by step. Concurrently, the accuracy of the projection plane and the accuracy of point cloud classification are introduced to evaluate the accuracy and finally calculate the statistics of ground object information in the tunnel. To verify the engineering practicability of this method, we first collected the point cloud data of a railway tunnel inside the tunnel using a rail car equipped with high-precision LiDAR and divided the data results into four sample areas for the classification test. To verify the algorithm’s robustness, we use the proposed method to test the highway tunnel data according to the same experimental process. Experiments show that this paper’s multilevel tunnel point cloud classification method can accurately extract these four types of ground objects. The average accuracy of the projection plane in each experimental area is not less than 91.49%, and the average accuracy of point cloud classification is not less than 92.63%. Compared with the other three types of classification methods in the same field, the method in this paper is more suitable for processing tunnel point cloud data and has the advantages of high classification accuracy, strong robustness, and a simple implementation process. The proposed method can also meet the real needs of underground tunnel internal construction surveys.
Pan-Cancer Pyroptosis Analyses Identified Novel Immunology and Chemotherapy-Related Prognostic Signatures in Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Li Canrong , Lin Cha , Xie Xiaoduo
Published: June 2022

Despite mounting evidence linking pyroptotic cell death to tumor growth, the clinical significance and disease mechanism of pyroptosis in cancer remain uncertain. In this study, we established a unique gene signature (π signature) that can be used as a predictive and prognostic tool in pyroptosis-related cancer subtypes. We found that the 13 core pyroptosis genes exerted opposite prognostic effects in different cancer types, which were subgrouped as pyroptosis positively related cancer and pyroptosis negatively related cancer. Subsequently, π signature was identified separately from the hub genes in pyroptosis positively related cancer and pyroptosis negatively related cancer subtypes. It was shown that π signature was well correlated with patient survival, pathological stages, tumor lymphocyte infiltration, and immunotherapy response. π signature was also applied as a predictive tool for chemotherapy drug responses and used as an independent factor for patient overall survival prediction. In short, this elaborated genetic signature could help us understand the oncogenic mechanism and pave the way for further therapeutic strategies based on pyroptosis.
Perisciatic Nerve Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Spinal Oxidative Stress and Improves Peripheral Mitochondrial Dynamic Equilibrium in a Neuropathic Pain Mouse Model in an AMPK-Dependent Manner
Authors: Mu Yang , Mei Yang , Chen Yaohua , Li Yuping , Zhu Dan , Cui Jian , Yu Lehua
Published: June 2022

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a debilitating clinical condition that presently has few effective treatments. NPP is caused by uncontrolled central oxidative stress and inflammation. Preliminary studies indicate that dexmedetomidine (DEX), an agonist of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, is beneficial for treating NPP. In this paper, the effects of administering DEX around injured nerves in a chronic constriction injury- (CCI-) induced neuropathic pain mouse model are investigated. According to the results, the perineural DEX significantly reversed the decline in the mechanical threshold and thermal latency in CCI mice (

p
<
0.001

). In the peripherally affected ischiadic nerve, the perineuronal DEX upregulated the expressions of pAMPK, OPA1, and SNPH but not Drp1 or KIF5B. The aforementioned effects of administering DEX can be partially reversed by compound C, a selective and reversible inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Furthermore, it was found that perineural DEX significantly inhibited the CCI-induced upregulation of the immediate early gene c-Fos, overexpression of the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), attenuation of the NADH dehydrogenase complexes I, II, III, and IV, and the repression of ATP, SOD, and GSH in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (DHSC) (

p
<
0.01

). These findings indicate that perineuronal DEX protected the injured ischiadic nerves and attenuated neuropathic pain via AMPK activation to improve energy supply in the peripheral injured nerves, alleviate the inflammatory factor release, and inhibit oxidative stress in the DHSC.
Painless Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Assisted with Computed Tomography Image Information Data Monitoring in Postoperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Combined Anesthesia of Propofol and Butorphanol Tartrate under Electronic Health
Authors: Wei Yueguang , Liu Jianxun , Gong Xuhai
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to explore the value of computed tomography (CT) images based on electronic health (E-health) combined with painless gastrointestinal endoscopy (PGE) in the diagnosis of neurocognitive function in patients with combined anesthesia of propofol and butorphanol tartrate. 126 patients undergoing PGE were selected as the research objects, and all were performed with CT perfusion imaging before and after anesthesia to obtain the cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), mean transit time (MTT), and time to peak (TTP). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was adopted to evaluate the cognitive function of patients. The results showed that after anesthesia, the levels of CBF and CBV in the left and right thalami, frontal lobe, and temporal lobe of the patients were lower than those before anesthesia, while TTP and MTT were higher than those before anesthesia (

P
<
0.05

). The MoCA score after anesthesia was lower than that before anesthesia (

P
<
0.05

). After anesthesia, the CBF, CBV, TTP, and MTT values of the left and right frontal lobes and left and right temporal lobes were significantly positively correlated with MoCA (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, the brain CT image parameters based on E-health can clearly display the blood perfusion in the lesion area of the patient, which was beneficial to the PGE-assisted judgment of cognitive dysfunction in patients with propofol tartrate and butorphanol tartrate anesthesia. Therefore, CT-assisted PGE examination based on E-health had a certain clinical value in evaluating the neurocognitive function of patients.
Antisecretory and Spasmolytic Activities of Aqueous and Ethanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Nauclea diderrichii in Wistar Rats
Authors: Douho Djimeli R. C. , Nchouwet M. L. , Poualeu Kamani S. L. , Tchoumba Tchoumi L. M. , Kamanyi A. , Wansi Ngnokam S. L.
Published: June 2022

Background. Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and particularly in developing countries. Nauclea diderrichii is a plant used in traditional medicine in the treatment of anemia, fever, gastric ulcer, malaria, abdominal pain, skin infections, and diarrhea. The present work is aimed at evaluating the antisecretory and spasmolytic activities of aqueous and ethanolic stem bark extracts of Nauclea diderrichii in Wistar rats. Methods. The effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nauclea diderrichii was tested at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg on castor oil‐induced secretory diarrhea, misoprostol‐induced fluid accumulation, and the effect of pretreatment with yohimbine and glibenclamide. They were also tested on normal motility and castor oil‐ and carbachol‐induced hypermotility. Results. The results showed that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nauclea diderrichii significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited castor oil‐induced secretory diarrhea at all the doses. Both extracts significantly (p < 0.001) inhibit fluid accumulation induced by misoprostol. The pretreatment with glibenclamide reduced the antidiarrheal activity of aqueous extract of Nauclea diderrichii. The pretreatment with yohimbine did not alter the effect of the aqueous extract of Nauclea diderrichii. On intestine transit as on castor oil‐ and carbachol‐induced motility, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg reduced significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001) the travelled distance by charcoal and peristaltic index. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nauclea diderrichii possess antisecretory and antispasmolytic properties hence its use in traditional medicine against diarrhea.
[Retracted] Analysis of the Relationship between Employee Health Level and Building Office Space and Environment
Authors: Ma Shiyu
Published: June 2022

The arrival of the era of big data provides new research methods and perspectives. In view of the problem that the current building office space environment design does not consider the level of human health, which leads to the low comfort and the poor environmental quality of building office space, this paper puts forward the comfort analysis and environment design of building office space considering the health level of employees. By analyzing the theoretical basis of architectural office space by big data, the paper studies the elements and the esthetic characteristics of architectural office space, understands the development and classification of architectural office space, and obtains the esthetic characteristics of architectural office space. Considering the health level of employees, the factors affecting the comfort of building office space are analyzed. The research object is selected as a building office space; the method of questionnaire survey is used for the establishment of building office space comfort evaluation factor set; and from the two aspects of enterprise employees’ psychological behavior and physical environment, the comfort of building office space of the research object is analyzed. The results of case study show that the proposed method has good environmental quality of building office space and can effectively improve the comfort of building office space.
Dynamics of a Three‐Patch Prey‐Predator System with the Impact of Dispersal Speed Incorporating Strong Allee Effect on Double Prey
Authors: Biswas S. , Pal D. , Santra P. K. , Bonyah Ebenezer , Mahapatra G. S.
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the dispersal effect on a prey‐predator model with three‐patch states incorporating a strong Allee effect on the first two prey populations. The prey species are considered to be mutable to exhibit a balanced dispersal between the patches. The dispersal among patches is directed through lower fit patches to higher fit patches. This paper derives a new approach for dispersal and Allee’s effect with the specific condition on the stability on a three‐patch of a three‐species prey‐predator anticipated system. The persistence of the system is observed because of the dispersal effect on the three‐patch prey‐predator system. The numerical simulations of analytical findings are presented using hypothetical parameter values to relate real‐world prey‐predator situations for balancing ecology.
Application of Support Vector Machine Model Based on Machine Learning in Art Teaching
Authors: Hua YongMing , Li Fang , Yang Shuwen
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the evaluation is to reflect on whether education provides a good environment and conditions for the development of students and to reflect on the effect of teaching and the practicability of the talents cultivated by teaching to the society. When art education is evaluated, a number of positive outcomes have been achieved in terms of the development of art education, including the improvement of art education as a whole, the development of art talent, and a stronger role for the educational and social communities concerned about the quality of art education. Machine learning-based support vector machine (SVM) can better tackle issues like nonlinearity, high dimensionality, and local minima, which have been effectively implemented in the area of teaching quality evaluation (TQE) with the fast growth of information technology and the Internet. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) it briefly expounds the research progress of TQE and multiclassification algorithm based on SVM at home and abroad and introduces the relevant basic theories of these two aspects. (2) One-to-one combination method is used in this research, reducing training time to a certain degree. Tests prove the procedure to be objective and equitable. (3) This research claims that an art TQE approach based on SVM is suited for limited professional assessment sample data and provides a method for this purpose.
Curing Effect and Resistivity Evolution of Zinc-Contaminated Red Clay Cured by Phosphate-Based Binder
Authors: Song Yu , Gan Xiaohui , Li Hui , Zhang Mingzhi , Xue Mingming , Gao Xiaotong , Li Jun
Published: June 2022

Curing agent is often used in the in situ remediation of industrial contaminated sites. The reaction between curing agent and contaminated soil has a great impact on the conductivity of soil. Quantitative analysis of the resistivity evolution of cured contaminated soil is an important prerequisite for the accurate evaluation of the in situ remediation effect of heavy metal contaminated sites. In this paper, the pH value, unconfined compressive strength, and resistivity evolution of Zn-contaminated red clay cured with new phosphate-based binder (KMP) at different curing ages were tested, and the internal relationship between the KMP content and the metal ion content and the pH value, unconfined compressive strength, and resistivity evolution were analyzed. The curing effect of KMP, Zn2+ concentration, and curing age on contaminated soil was further evaluated. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength of red clay is weakened with the increase of Zn2+ concentration. The curing effect of KMP on zinc-contaminated red clay is obvious. The pH control of KMP curing agent on zinc-contaminated red clay is effective, and the pH value within 10.5 can effectively stabilize metal ion leaching. There is a good linear relationship between KMP content and curing age and resistivity. Under uniaxial compression, the resistivity decreases with the increase of stress at different Zn2+ concentrations, and the minimum value of the resistivity corresponds to the peak value of uniaxial compression. It provides possibility for the application of resistivity method in the study of mechanical strength properties of red clay.
Long-Term Optimal Dispatching of Hydropower Station Based on Controlling the Frequency of Reservoir Level Fluctuation
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Xu Dongbin , Guo Rui , Wang Minbo , Ying Qilin
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a method for long-term optimal operation of hydropower station is proposed to control the frequency of reservoir level fluctuation. We introduce the integer variable which describes the rise and fall of the reservoir level, the number of changes, and the state transition equation for the change of the reservoir level fluctuation into the dynamic programming method. This method can obtain the global optimal solution under the control of different numbers of reservoir level rise and fall, thus improving the controllability and practicability of optimal operating results. We consider the maximum number of water level fluctuations as a constraint condition while the reservoir level, the state of fluctuation, and the number of state changes that have occurred as the three state variables to construct a dynamic programming model. Three state transition equations are the water balance, the state of the reservoir level rise and fall, and the number of fluctuations. Besides, the penalty function is used to handle minimum output and surplus water. We solve this model by using a dynamic programming reverse recursion equation. The application of this method in the Manwan Hydropower Station shows that it can effectively solve the frequent water level fluctuation problem that is generally inconsistent with the actual situation in the long-term optimal dispatch scheme of hydropower stations and improve the practicability of the optimal dispatch results.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide Attenuates Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury through Facilitating DNA Double-Strand Break Repair
Authors: Huang Zeze , Peng Renjun , Yu Huijie , Chen Zhongmin , Wang Sinian , Wang Zhengming , Dong Suhe , Li Wei , Jiang Qisheng , Li Fengsheng , Li Quanmin
Published: June 2022

The testis is susceptible to ionizing radiation, and male infertility and sexual dysfunction are prevalent problems after whole-body or local radiation exposure. Currently, there is no approved agent for the prevention or treatment of radiation-induced testicular injury. Herein, we investigated the radioprotective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an organosulfur compound that acts as a free radical scavenger, on testicular injury. Treatment of mice with a single dose of DMSO prior to 5 Gy irradiation restored sex hormones and attenuated the reduction in testis weight. Histological analyses revealed that DMSO alleviated the distorted architecture of seminiferous tubules and promoted seminiferous epithelium regeneration following irradiation. Moreover, DMSO provided quantitative and qualitative protection for sperm and preserved spermatogenesis and fertility in male mice. Mechanistically, DMSO treatment enhanced GFRα-1+ spermatogonial stem cell and c-Kit+ spermatogonial survival and regeneration after radiation. DMSO also alleviated radiation-induced oxidative stress and suppressed radiation-induced germ cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, DMSO efficiently reduced DNA damage accumulation and induced the expression of phosph-BRCA1, BRCA1, and RAD51 proteins, indicating that DMSO facilitates DNA damage repair with a bias toward homologous recombination. In summary, our findings demonstrate the radioprotective efficacy of DMSO on the male reproductive system, which warrants further studies for future application in the preservation of male fertility during conventional radiotherapy and nuclear accidents.
[Retracted] Identification of Cigarette Smoking‐Related Novel Biomarkers in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wang Qiong , Zhu Ting , Chen Hui
Published: June 2022

Objective. The aims of this study were to screen the gene mutations that are able to predict the risk of cigarette smoking‐related lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and to evaluate its prognostic significance. Methods. Clinical data and genetic information were retrieved from the TCGA database, and the patients with LUAD were divided into three groups including never smoking, light smoking, and heavy smoking according to cigarette smoking dose. Differentially mutated genes (DMGs) of each group were analyzed. At the same time, the function of DMGs in three smoking groups was evaluated by GO function and KEGG pathway analysis. The driver genes and protein variation effect of DMGs were performed to further screen key genes. The survival characteristics of the gene expression and mutation of those genes were analyzed and plotted to visualize by the Kaplan‐Meier model. Result. The DMGs for different smoking doses were identified. The driver and deleterious mutation in the DMGs were screened and gene interaction network was constructed. The DMGs with driver mutations and deleterious mutations that were associated with the overall survival in the heavy smoking patients were considered as the candidate genes for novel markers of smoking‐related LUAD. The final novel risk factor gene was identified as MYH7 and the high express of MYH7 in LUAD correlation with patients’ gender, lymph node metastasis, T stage, and clinical stage. Conclusions. In summary, it can be concluded that MYH7 is a novel biomarker for heavy smoking‐related LUAD and it is significantly correlated with the prognosis of lung cancer and is related to the clinical characteristics of lung cancer.
Weighted Composition Operators from Dirichlet-Zygmund Spaces into Zygmund-Type Spaces and Bloch-Type Spaces
Authors: Zhu Xiangling
Published: June 2022

The boundedness, compactness, and essential norm of weighted composition operators from Dirichlet-Zygmund spaces into Zygmund-type spaces and Bloch-type spaces are investigated in this paper.
Influence of Axle Load and Asphalt Layer Thickness on Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Cao Mingming , Huang Wanqing , Wu Zhiyong
Published: June 2022

Based on the test data of vehicle load test on asphalt pavement, the significance of dynamic response index of different asphalt pavement to axle load change of single and double rear axle trucks is analyzed. The changes of horizontal strain at the bottom of asphalt layer, vertical compressive stress at the top of subgrade, and vertical displacement of transition layer and bottom compressive stress before and after laying of middle and upper layers are revealed. The test results show that reducing the thickness of asphalt layer or increasing the vehicle axle load can lead to the more unfavorable stress-strain distribution in asphalt pavement under driving load. The influence of the fluctuation of truck axle load or asphalt layer thickness on the stress-strain distribution in asphalt pavement varies with the type of pavement structure, pavement response index, vehicle driving speed, vehicle type, and the horizon of the measuring point. The transverse strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer is more affected by the axle load and the thickness of the asphalt layer than the longitudinal strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer. The measured value of the dynamic response index of the semirigid asphalt pavement is more affected by the axle load than that of the inverted asphalt pavement. However, the measured value of the dynamic response index of the semi-rigid asphalt pavement is less affected by the thickness of the asphalt layer when the thickness of the asphalt layer changes within a certain range. The tensile strain part of the longitudinal strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer and the compressive strain part of the transverse strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer are greatly affected by the thickness of the asphalt layer. The sensitivity of fatigue life of asphalt pavement of inverted structure to driving speed and axle load is less than that of semirigid structure. The research results can provide reference for the analysis of the asphalt pavement disease mechanism and provide guidance for asphalt pavement structural design and service life analysis.
Three-Way Group Decisions with Incomplete Spherical Fuzzy Information for Treating Parkinson’s Disease Using IoMT Devices
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Jingjing
Published: June 2022

As Internet of Things (IoT) is extensively employed in diverse realistic areas, it is vital to effectively and timely analyze the data collected by IoT devices. To cope with this problem, by integrating adjustable MG SF probabilistic rough sets (PRSs) with the TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese of interactive and multi-criteria decision-making) method, this paper explores a three-way multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) approach in the context of multigranulation (MG) spherical fuzzy (SF) incomplete information systems (IISs) and further applies the presented method to the analysis of leg muscle data obtained from Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices for Parkinson’s patients. First, the concept of MG SF IISs is established, and the completion method is provided. Then, adjustable MG SF PRSs are proposed for information fusion. Afterwards, considering the bounded rationality of decision-makers (DMs), a new three-way MAGDM method is designed by fusing adjustable MG SF PRSs with the TODIM method. Finally, in the context of IoMT-based detecting abnormal knee joints in Parkinson’s patients, the applicability and validity of the presented method are eventually verified.
Governança, acesso à informação e conselhos de políticas públicas
Authors: Crantschaninov Tamara Ilinsky , Matheus Ricardo , Silva Vinícius Félix da
Published: June 2022

O presente ensaio tem como proposta apontar a relevância dos canais de comunicação nos conselhos de políticas públicas, novo modelo institucional que pretende aproximar a população afetada por uma determinada política pública em relação à sua própria formulação e execução. A governança, que pode ser vislumbrada como novo paradigma da gestão pública, assume papel de destaque caso seja posicionada como prática facilitadora da transmissão de informação entre governo e sociedade dentro dos conselhos, de forma que os mesmos se tornem um elo constante para promoção do debate entre as duas categorias.
Psicanálise e política: Considerações sobre o Estado
Authors: Hur Domenico Uhng
Published: June 2022

A psicanálise tradicionalmente é conhecida pelos seus estudos clínicos e as obras psicanalíticas que discutem a sociedade e a política têm menor visibilidade. Então o objetivo desse artigo é discutir uma das facetas entre psicanálise e política: a concepção que a psicanálise tem sobre o Estado. Buscamos a partir de revisão bibliográfica de textos clássicos, como a “obra social” de Sigmund Freud, e de textos contemporâneos, como de Enriquez e Kaës, discutir como tal instância é apreendida na obra psicanalítica. Constatamos que se transfere a figura do “pai primevo” ao Estado, sendo assim apreendido negativamente, como uma instituição coercitiva e repressora, constituindo-se como um aparelho de violência no imaginário social.
Regime fiscal e sustentabilidade da dívida pública brasileira – 1986 a 2006
Authors: Silva Roseli da , Gamboa Ulisses Ruiz de
Published: June 2022

O objetivo do artigo é avaliar a sustentabilidade da política fiscal brasileira, utilizando uma restrição orçamentária intertemporal para o setor público, que implica que a cointegração entre gasto fiscal e arrecadação fiscal é uma condição suficiente para um comportamento do governo “ricardiano”, dada a estacionariedade da taxa real de juros. Utilizam-se séries temporais longas que incluem períodos mais recentes que estudos anteriores (julho de 1986 a dezembro de 2006), o que permite avaliar os efeitos dos ajustes fiscais realizados principalmente a partir de 1998, bem como o comportamento de elevação dos gastos públicos. Aplica-se uma metodologia econométrica multivariada que possibilita a avaliação de efeitos de mudanças estruturais sobre a estabilidade do posto de cointegração ao longo da amostra, garantindo a robustez dos resultados para a amostra completa. Os resultados encontrados são coincidentes com a maioria da evidência empírica disponível para o caso brasileiro, ao confirmar que existe cointegração entre gasto e arrecadação com senhoriagem apenas na presença de senhoriagem como fonte adicional de receita.
­­­Revision of the New Zealand species of the Genus Pselaphogenius Reitter (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Pselaphitae: Pselaphini)
Authors: OWENS BRITTANY E. , CARLTON CHRISTOPHER E.
Published: June 2022

Species within the genus Pselaphogenius Reitter occurring in New Zealand are revised. Twenty-three species are known from the region and can be divided into two distinct species groups. Fifteen new species are described: Pselaphogenius calantica Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius chandleri Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius cornus Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius dismukesi Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius elephantus Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius fimbria Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius gibbus Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius jiaweii Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius kalleri Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius kangi Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius lescheni Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius moerewae Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius otteai Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius parki Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.; Pselaphogenius stouti Owens and Carlton, sp. nov.. Pselaphogenius citimus (Broun), 1893, Pselaphogenius delicatus (Broun), 1886, and Pselaphogenius ventralis (Broun), 1895 were transferred from the genus Pselaphus Herbst (Jeannel 1951) and are herein redescribed. Additionally, the species Pselaphus caecus Broun, 1886 is transferred to the genus Pselaphogenius comb. nov.. Habitus photographs, distributional maps, and line drawings of diagnostic characters for each species are provided. A regional checklist and key to are provided to species of the genus occurring in New Zealand.
A new species of Entomobrya Rondani, 1861 (Collembola, Entomobryidae, Entomobryinae) from Brazil, including new records of E. barbata Siqueira & Bellini, 2020
Authors: VIANA STÉPHANIE DOS SANTOS , DE MORAIS JOSÉ WELLINGTON , CIPOLA NIKOLAS GIOIA
Published: June 2022

Herein we describe a new species of Entomobrya Rondani from Cerrado biome, Brazil. Entomobrya uai sp. nov. differs from its congeners in having triangle-shaped spot on trunk, dorsal chaetotaxy pattern, unguis morphology, unguiculus inner lamella truncate, and manubrial plate with 9–13 chaetae and 3 pseudopores. Entomobrya barbata Siqueira & Bellini known only from its type locality (Caatinga domain, Bahia state, Brazil), is herein recorded from Atlantic Forest (Minas Gerais, Paraná and Santa Catarina states) and Cerrado (Goiás state) biomes for the first time. The record of E. spectabilis Reuter in Brazil is herein dismissed due to a probable misidentification with E. barbata. From the description of E. uai sp. nov. and new records of E. barbata, the number of Entomobrya species in Brazil increased from 11 to 12 endemic species, and the genus is now recorded from 14 Brazilian states. In addition, this is the first record of a Collembola species from Distrito Federal and Goiás state, Brazil.
Persistent Positive Anomalies in Geopotential Heights Promote Wildfires in Western North America
Authors: Sharma Aseem R. , Jain Piyush , Abatzoglou John T. , Flannigan Mike
Published: June 2022

During summer, persistent positive anomalies (PPAs) of midtropospheric geopotential heights in North America are often associated with extreme weather, including heatwaves. We evaluate the link between prolonged summertime PPAs in 500-hPa geopotential heights and wildfire activity across western North America and examine temporal trends in PPA characteristics. On average, 17% of May–September days experience PPA events over the study domain. Large fires (burned area > 500 ha) were 7 times as likely to start during a PPA, with approximately 40% of these fires’ ignitions coincident with PPA events. A positive correlation exists between the fraction of May–September PPA days and burned area for most of the study domain. Additionally, the presence of a PPA exerts greater influence on fire ignition and burned area in higher latitudes than lower latitudes of western North America. We find a statistically significant expansion in the spatial extent of PPA events during 1979–2020. The observed expansion of the PPAs is likely due to thermodynamic changes in midlatitude synoptic patterns. These findings may improve our understanding of the connections between PPA events and wildfires in western North America, enhance the short-term predictability of wildfire events, and have important implications for increased fire risk in a warming climate.

Significance Statement

Persistent positive anomalies (PPAs) of the upper air atmospheric flow, a slow progression of planetary waves, are synoptic-scale patterns that cause heatwaves and contribute to wildfire activity. We seek to understand how these events relate to fire weather and fire activity over western North America. The presence of PPA events increases the likelihood of fire ignition by a factor of 7, with higher likelihood over northern regions. The mean area of the PPA events has grown significantly in recent decades, exposing larger areas and populations to increased fire risks. These results improve our understanding of the connections between upper air atmospheric patterns and wildfires, signal how it may change in future warmer climate and scenarios, and enhance the near-future predictability of fire events in this region.
Estimates of Near-Inertial Wind Power Input Using Novel In Situ Wind Measurements from Minimet Surface Drifters in the Iceland Basin
Authors: Klenz Thilo , Simmons Harper L. , Centurioni Luca , Lilly Jonathan M. , Early Jeffrey J. , Hormann Verena
Published: June 2022

The Minimet is a Lagrangian surface drifter measuring near-surface winds in situ. Ten Minimets were deployed in the Iceland Basin over the course of two field seasons in 2018 and 2019. We compared Minimet wind measurements to coincident ship winds from the R/V Armstrong meteorology package and to hourly ERA5 reanalysis winds and found that the Minimets accurately captured wind variability across a variety of time scales. Comparisons between the ship, Minimets, and ERA5 winds point to significant discrepancies between the in situ wind measurements and ERA5, with the most reasonable explanation being related to spatial offsets of small-scale storm structures in the reanalysis model. After a general assessment of the Minimet performance, we compare estimates of wind power input in the near-inertial band using the Minimet winds and their measured drift to those using ERA5 winds and the Minimet drift. Minimet-derived near-inertial wind power estimates exceed those from Minimet drift combined with ERA5 winds by about 42%. The results highlight the importance of accurately capturing small-scale, high-frequency wind events and suggest that in situ Minimet measurements are beneficial for accurately quantifying near-inertial wind work on the ocean.

Significance Statement

In this study we introduce a novel, freely drifting wind measurement platform, the Minimet. After an initial validation of Minimet sea surface wind measurements against independent wind measurements from a nearby research vessel, we investigate their utility in context of the near-inertial work done by the wind on the ocean, which is important for the ocean’s energy budget. We find Minimet near-inertial wind work estimates exceed those estimated using winds from a state-of-the-art wind product by 42%. Our results indicate that capturing storm events happening on time scales less than 12 h is crucial for accurately quantifying near-inertial wind work on the ocean, making wind measurements from platforms such as the Minimet invaluable for these analyses.
Molecular Testing for Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: Association of Negative Predictive Value With Nodule Size
Authors: Barnes Andrew B. , Justice-Clark Tracy , Li Wencheng , Randle Reese W.
Published: June 2022

Background

Molecular testing helps stratify risk of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules, but it may be limited in its ability to rule out malignancy in large nodules.

Methods

We compared small thyroid nodules (<4 cm) to large thyroid nodules (4 cm or greater) in a retrospective, single center, cohort study of indeterminate thyroid nodules analyzed with ThyroSeq from 10/2015 through 4/2020. Our primary outcome was negative predictive value.

Results

A total of 204 thyroid nodules were analyzed with ThyroSeq and 62 underwent resection allowing comparison to final pathology for 48 small nodules and 14 large nodules. A greater proportion of large nodules were observed in men (50.0% vs 18.8% in small nodules, P = .02), but median age was similar between the groups (49.0 vs 52.5 years, P = .95). False negative results comprised a higher proportion of tests for large nodules (14.3%) than small nodules (0%, P = .01). The negative predictive value of ThyroSeq in small nodules was 1 indicating a negative test reliably predicted a benign nodule, compared to .5 in large nodules indicating a negative test in this cohort was reliable in predicting benignity. Applying the same negative predictive value to the cohort of large nodules that did not undergo resection after negative molecular testing (n = 16), it is possible that 8 large thyroid malignancies were missed at our institution during the study period.

Conclusions

Large thyroid nodules are associated with a higher rate of false negative results and a lower negative predictive value during molecular analysis of indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Value Impedance and Dynamic Capabilities: The Case of MedTech Incumbent-Born Digital Healthcare Platforms
Authors: Pundziene Asta , Gutmann Tobias , Schlichtner Marc , Teece David J.
Published: June 2022

During the last decade, MedTech companies started to invest in building digital healthcare platforms to maintain their competitiveness in the Digital Economy. However, launching a new digital platform business revealed several challenges that MedTech incumbents must overcome, including value impedance. This is caused by digital transformation gaps, which, when left unmanaged, can stall digital healthcare platforms’ growth and even lead to their demise. This article distills four dynamic capabilities: sensing the internal environment, value-capturing through connectedness, orchestrating silos, and transforming organizational boundaries. These mitigate value impedance and bestow competitive advantage to MedTech incumbents’ digital platform business.
Gender Discrimination in Education among the Muslims: A Case Study in an Indian Village for Identifying the Key Factors
Authors: Midya Dipak K. , Islam Md. Mohidul
Published: June 2022

Gender discrimination is more frequent among the ethnic minorities in the domain of education. This study among the Muslims in India shows that the Muslims always lag behind the Hindus in literacy rate and there is widening gap between literacy rates of men and women. With particular reference to a bi-ethnic village, it further reveals that discrimination generates from the socio-economic context of a particular community and that the Muslim women are experiencing discrimination in education due to their parents’ poor economic condition, lack of awareness, conservativeness, feeling of social insecurity of their girls, and their early marriage.
Nanomechanical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Glycated Dental Collagen
Authors: Haluszka D. , Aminmansour S. , Tóth P. , Aminmansour S. , Kellermayer M.
Published: June 2022

Nonenzymatic glycation is a multistep, slow reaction between reducing sugars and free amino groups of long-lived proteins, which affects the structural and mechanical properties of collagen-rich tissues via accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Dental collagen is exposed to glycation as part of the natural aging process. However, in case of chronically high blood glucose, the process can be accelerated, resulting in premature stiffening of dentin, leading to tooth fragility. The molecular mechanisms whereby collagen glycation evokes the loss of mechanical stability in teeth are currently unknown. In this study, we used 2-photon and atomic force microscopies to correlate structural and mechanical changes in dental collagen induced by in vitro glycation. Young tooth samples were demineralized and cut longitudinally into 30-µm sections, then artificially glycated in 0.5 M ribose solution for 10 wk. Two-photon microscopy analysis showed that both the autofluorescence and second harmonic–generated (SHG) signal intensities of glycated samples were significantly greater than those of the controls. Regarding the structural alteration of individual collagen fibers, a remarkable increase could be measured in fiber length of ribose-treated sections. Furthermore, nanoindentation of intertubular dentin regions revealed significantly higher stiffness in the ribose-treated samples, which points at a significant accumulation of AGEs. Thus, collagen glycation occurring during sustained exposure to reducing sugars leads to profound structural and mechanical changes in dentin. Besides the numerous oral complications associated with type 2 diabetes, the premature structural and mechanical deterioration of dentin may also play an important role in dental pathology.
Assessing the Specificity and Accuracy of Accent Judgments by Lay Listeners
Authors: Braber Natalie , Smith Harriet , Wright David , Hardy Alexander , Robson Jeremy
Published: June 2022

Historically, there has been less research carried out on earwitness than eyewitness testimony. However, in some cases, earwitness evidence might play an important role in securing a conviction. This paper focuses on accent which is a central characteristic of voices in a forensic linguistic context. The paper focuses on two experiments (Experiment 1, n = 41; Experiment 2, n = 57) carried out with participants from a wide range of various locations around the United Kingdom to rate the accuracy and confidence in recognizing accents from voices from England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Ireland as well as looking at specificity of answers given and how this varies for these regions. Our findings show that accuracy is variable and that participants are more likely to be accurate when using vaguer descriptions (such as “Scottish”) than being more specific. Furthermore, although participants lack the meta-linguistic ability to describe the features of accents, they are able to name particular words and pronunciations which helped them make their decision.
Novel inkjet direct printing technology based on thermosensitive sol–gel transition inks
Authors: Li Yan , Sun Xiaoshi , Chang Guangtao , Li Ruoxin
Published: June 2022

Biodegradable poly( ε-caprolactone-co-lactide)- b-poly(ethylene glycol)- b-poly( ε-caprolactone- co-lactide) (PCLA-PEG-PCLA) triblock copolymer was developed to prepare thermosensitive inks for digital fiber printing applications. The thermosensitive inks can be printed on any textile or fiber that does not need to go through the pretreatment and soaping procedure like traditional inks. This copolymer aqueous solution has a reversible sol–gel transition property, which can be used to prepare thermosensitive sol–gel inks. PCLA-PEG-PCLA had little effect on the physical properties of the inks, including the average particle size, conductivity, and surface tension at room temperature. However, the viscosity of the thermosensitive inks can increase dramatically under high temperature. This was due to the inks undergoing a sol–gel transition with an increase of temperature. The inks were in the sol state in the printer cartridge at room temperature and when the ink drops fell on the heated fiber or textile, a sol–gel transition occurred and turned them into a gel immediately. The high viscosity prevented the ink from spreading around on the fabrics, thus giving a sharp edge. The study indicated that the line width printed by thermosensitive inks was reduced to 266.35 μm from 464.08 μm in the weft direction (reduced by 43%), and the line width in the warp direction was reduced to 264.35 μm from 385.76 μm (reduced by 32%). The polyester fabric printed by thermosensitive ink has a higher color strength ( K/ S) at 47–50°C with excellent colorfastness. Thermosensitive ink is a type of innovative ink, in line with the concept of green ecological textile manufacturing.