bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General Approach to Optic Neuropathies and Routine Examinations
Authors: TÜFEK Melek
Published: October 2024

Optic neuropathies are neuro-ophthalmological disorders characterized by decreased visual acuity, visual field defects and color vision changes as a result of damage to the optic nerve. The underlying causes, clinical features and treatments of optic neuropathies vary. Clarifying the etiology is very important in terms of visual prognosis and patient follow-up. Clinical history, examination findings, visual field, electrophysiological tests and imaging methods are used in diagnosis. In this article, the general characteristics, examination and ancillary diagnostic methods of optic neuropathies that develop due to different etiological reasons will be discussed
Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: TİRYAKİ DEMİR Semra , KELEŞ YEŞİLTAŞ Sümeyra , ÜKE UZUN Saniye
Published: October 2024

Non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION); it is an optic neuropathy that can cause acute unilateral painless vision loss, optic disc edema, relative afferent pupillary defect, peripapillary hemorrhage and visual field defects in individuals over 50 years of age. Although its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated today; It is widely accepted that it results from hypoperfusion in the short posterior ciliary arteries that supply the optic nerve head. The diagnosis of NAION is made primarily clinically. While there is no vision loss in approximately one-third of the cases, severe vision loss develops in 40-50%. It is thought that there is always a visual field defect from the beginning of NAION, therefore perimetry is the most important diagnostic test. In the differential diagnosis of NAION, vision- and life-threatening diseases, especially arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy, demyelinating, infiltrative and compressive optic neuropathies, should be considered. Perimetry, blood tests, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, brain and orbital MRI provide very useful information in the differential diagnosis. Although many medical and surgical treatments have been tried, unfortunately there is no effective treatment or prophylactic prevention method for NAION today; However, neuroprotective agents, stem cell and gene therapy treatments aimed at stopping or reducing optic nerve damage appear promising in the near future. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of NAION.
Hereditary Optic Neuropathies
Authors: BİNGÖL KIZILTUNÇ Pınar
Published: October 2024

Hereditary optic neuropathies are a rare disease group, and Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), Dominant Optic Atrophy (DOA) and Recessive Optic Atrophies are included in this disease group. These diseases may be isolated or accompanied by other systemic disorders. Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy is the most common hereditary mitochondrial disease. Leber's Hereditary Optic neuropathy presents with acute-subacute, painless vision loss in the 2nd-3rd decade of life, and the other eye is usually affected within 6-8 weeks. Dominant Optic Atrophy is the most common hereditary optic neuropathy and causes slowly progressive, bilateral, symmetric vision loss in the first decade. Recessive optic atrophy begins at an earlier age than DOA, and nystagmus and severe vision loss are observed in these patients. Although there is no definitive treatment for hereditary optic neuropathies today, idebenone treatment and gene therapy for 11778 gene mutation are performed for LHON.
From Yesterday to Tomorrow: Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: BAHAR Alperen
Published: October 2024

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is characterized by optic nerve damage following head or eye trauma, which can lead to severe vision loss. Historically, surgical decompression was the primary treatment approach for this condition until the study by Anderson et al. in 1982, which explored the effectiveness of steroids. Subsequent research, particularly in spinal cord injury cases, sparked debates regarding steroid use in TON treatment, with studies yielding controversial results regarding both effectiveness and side effects. Ongoing research aims to identify more effective treatments for TON. As a result, TON remains a clinical challenge without a clear consensus on treatment approaches, necessitating individualized evaluation for each case.
Neuroimaging in Optic Neuropathies
Authors: DEMİRKILINÇ BİLER Elif , AKGÜN Zeynep
Published: October 2024

Optic neuropathy is a frequent cause of vision loss encountered during routine ophthalmology practice. While some of the cases can be easily diagnosed due to symptoms and examination findings, a significant group of them require neuroimaging tests for differential diagnosis. Imaging examinations such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance, and computed tomography angiography provide valuable clues in differential diagnosis when used in appropriate clinical scenarios.
Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Optic Nerve Disorders
Authors: YILDIZ Veysi
Published: October 2024

Optic nerve disorders encompass a wide range of diseases. While it may be an isolated disease, such as optic disc drusen, it may also occur as a symptom of pathology in the central nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an important auxiliary test used in optic nerve disorders as it allows cross-sectional imaging of the retina and optic nerve head at high resolution. OCT is used in the diagnosis of optic nerve disorders, evaluation of response to treatment, and prediction of visual prognosis by measuring retinal layers such as the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL).
Current Strategies for Optic Nerve Protection and Repair
Authors: TİSKAOĞLU Nesime Setge , YAZICI Alper
Published: October 2024

Damage to the optic nerve and its functioning is referred to as optic neuropathy, unlike the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the optic nerve is part of the central nervous system (CNS), which presents limitations in its regenerative abilities. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to these limitations. Strategies for neuroprotection and neuroregeneration have been studied and implemented to address these challenges. While there is no definite treatment in the past two decades there have been many advances in the modulation of inflammation, apoptosis, neurotrophic factors and stem cell replacement strategies. The advances in these areas could transform our approach to optic nerve impairment in the future.
Future Strategies for Optic Nerve Protection and Repair
Authors: CANKURTARAN Mahmut
Published: October 2024

Disorders in the function of the optic nerve are defined as optic neuropathy. Etiologically, they can be classified into different groups including glaucomatous, inflammatory (infectious/demyelinating), traumatic, ischemic, infiltrative, toxic, and hereditary. Treatment approaches and disease prognoses vary significantly. Retinal ganglion cells lack the capacity for self-renewal and have limited self-repair capabilities; Therefore, optic neuropathies can lead to irreversible partial or complete vision loss by causing axonal damage and subsequent death of retinal ganglion cells. This review aims to discuss the known mechanisms and limitations of regeneration, as well as to summarize current approaches and future strategies for optic nerve neuroprotection and neuroregeneration.
Intravitreal Injection and Prophylactic Laser Treatment in Pediatric Vitreoretinal Pathologies
Authors: KARATEPE Mustafa Salih
Published: October 2024

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important mediator of pathological neovascularization and vascular permeability of the eye. The increasing use of intravitreal therapies targeting VEGF has revolutionized the treatment of pediatric vitreoretinal diseases. Laser photocoagulation is the standard treatment method for retinopathy of prematurity. The aim is to ablate the avascular peripheral retina, but ablation of the peripheral retina with traditional laser therapy is destructive, causes complications, and does not prevent all vision loss, especially in cases of retinopathy of prematurity affecting zone 1 of the eye. In Coats disease, retinal telangiectasias are treated early with laser photocoagulation, but with ischemia, high levels of VEGF in the ocular fluid may contribute to increased permeability of telangiectatic blood vessels, leading to lipoprotein leakage and subsequent exudative retinal detachment. Therefore, anti-VEGF has been recommended as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of Coats disease. In this review, intravitreal injection and prophylactic laser treatment applications in Retinopathy of Prematurity and Coats Disease are mentioned.
Vitreoretinal Surgery in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: YETİK Hüseyin
Published: October 2024

In this article, vitreoretinal surgical procedures applied for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are discussed in comparison with indications such as traction retinal detachments (tRDs), secondary to other ischemic neovascular proliferative retinopathies such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Thus, by comparing the clinical features of ROP, the rationale of vitreoretinal surgical procedures applied, and the currently accepted pathogenetic hypotheses with the clinical features and vitreoretinal surgery procedures of other ischemic neovascular proliferative retinopathies as PDR, a determination of why the accepted pathogenetic hypotheses of ROP are wrong and what is the correct pathogenesis has been made.
Surgical Treatment Of Coats Disease
Authors: ÜÇGÜL Yücel , ÖZDEK Şengül
Published: October 2024

In the treatment of Coats' Disease, conservative ablation methods such as laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy are preferred in the early stages and more comprehensive surgical interventions are required for advanced stages (Stage 3 and 4). At these stages, the expanding subretinal fluid and exudates limit the effectiveness of vascular ablation, necessitating the addition of drainage for subretinal fluid and exudates to the treatment. The most commonly accepted method is the transscleral external drainage of subretinal fluid, which is relatively safe as it preserves retinal integrity. However, the development of epiretinal membrane (ERM) are seen quite frequently, especially in patients who have received multiple ablative treatments. In patients with significant ERM, adding pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and membrane peeling to the external drainage surgery can increase anatomical success by reducing the VEGF load in the vitreous and relieving retinal tractions, potentially reducing the need for additional ablation treatments. Considering the low visual expectations in Stage 3A-4 Coats' disease, the focus of post-surgical treatment expectations in these patients should shift from improving vision to preserving the globe and controlling the disease activity.
Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment and its Treatment
Authors: KARACA Çağatay , POLAT Osman Ahmet , HOROZOĞLU Fatih
Published: October 2024

Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachments have a different clinical presentation and different treatment algorithms than adult rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. The absence of posterior vitreus detachment and the predominance of retinal holes and dialysis in the etiology can be counted among these differences. Slow onset of visual loss and the inability of the pediatric age group to appreciate the symptoms leads to the development of variable amounts of proliferative vitreoretinopathy at clinical presentation. The presence of the crystalline lens and exaggerated wound healing response of the young eye changes the usual treatment approach of the adult detachments, and combination surgeries are frequently required. Scleral buckling surgery is the primary treatment option in the pediatric age group. It may be applied segmentally or circumferentially according to the level of the retinal breaks and the extent proliferative vitreoretinopathy present. Vitrectomy may be added according to the treatment response or the level of proliferative vitreoretinopathy present. Phakic lens status, abnormally posterior insertion of posterior vitreus base, and hyalocyte cellular remnants despite successful intraoperative posterior vitreus detachment are the obstacles that may be encountered in vitrectomy for pediatric retinal detachment. Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachments require a higher number of surgeries per patient and have a lower final retinal attachment rate than adult cases. Examination and prophylactic treatment of the fellow eye must be carried out as the underlying retinal breaks and predisposing lesions are frequently bilateral with the exception of trauma in this age group.
Clinical and Surgical Approach to Traumatic Retinal Detachment in Pediatric Population
Authors: UZUNDEDE Tahsin , ÇAKIR Akın
Published: October 2024

Clinical and Surgical Aproach to Traumatic Retinal Detachment in Pediatric Population
The pediatric population has different anatomical and physiological features than those of the adult population. Likewise, owing to their low compliance during examinations, it may be difficult to fully evaluate the retina, and it may be necessary to resort to auxiliary examination methods. Trauma was the most important cause of retinal detachment in this age group. The findings obtained during the preoperative examination, the patient's history, and age guide the surgeon in determining the surgical method, timing of the surgery, and instruments to be used during the surgery. There are many variations of other pathologies associated with trauma in this patient group, including the fact that there is no clear limit in the selection of the type of surgery, the equipment used peroperatively is among the main difficulties in the approach to traumatic retinal detachment, and the postoperative follow-up period also has an important place due to the threat of amblyopia. In this review, the unique difficulties that will be experienced at every step from the initial examination of patients with traumatic retinal detachment patients to the differential diagnosis of retinal detachment, the choice of the type of surgery to be applied, and the postoperative follow-up process are discussed, with the aim of creating a holistic perspective.
Vitreoretinal Surgery in Pediatric Patients with Vitreoretinal Pathology Secondary to Uveitis
Authors: KÖSE Büşra , ERDÖL Hidayet
Published: October 2024

In pediatric uveitis, as with all forms of uveitis, the primary treatment modality involves achieving systemic and local immunosuppression through pharmacotherapy. However, due to the challenge of articulating symptoms by patients in the younger age group, resulting in delayed presentation to clinicians, or the tendency for uveitis to manifest more quietly in this age group, pediatric uveitis cases can be diagnosed late, unfortunately presenting with secondary complications at the time of diagnosis. In these patients, after appropriate immunosuppression is achieved, vitreoretinal surgery may be necessary to address vitreoretinal complications. Additionally, in cases where etiology cannot be determined by non-invasive methods, or when there is inadequate response or no response to treatment, rapid progression of inflammation threatening the optic nerve and macula, or suspicion of malignancy, diagnostic vitreous sampling or chorioretinal biopsy via vitreoretinal surgery may be pursued. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role and significance of vitreoretinal surgery in pediatric uveitic eyes.
Surgical Management of Pediatric Patients with Intraocular Tumors
Authors: KADERLİ Berkant
Published: October 2024

The incidence and prevalance of intraocular tumors in pediatric and adult populations are different. Moreover, the same type of tumor may show different clinicopathologic features in the pediatric group. Several types of treatment strategies have been described for benign and malign intraocular tumors: observation, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, laser photocoagulation, surgical excision, plaque brachytherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and enucleation. The purpose of treatment is to control tumor, preserve or prolonge patients life and to preserve eyeball and vision. Surgical excision or resection can be performed as a primary treatment or adjuvant or salvage procedure. Nowadays, surgical treatments like sclerouvectomy and/or vitrectomy is applied increasingly in pediatric population with intraocular tumor.
Myopia; Epidemiology, Prevalence, Incidence, Genetics and Risk Factors
Authors: KIZILTOPRAK Hasan , ÖZKOYUNCU KOCABAŞ Dilara
Published: October 2024

Myopia is a common refractive disorder worldwide that usually begins in childhood. In recent years, its prevalence and incidence has increased significantly, especially in developed or developing countries of East and Southeast Asia. Its incidence is higher during childhood and adolescence. Although genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of myopia, data obtained from genome studies explain a small part of the genetic background of myopia. The risk is higher in individuals with a familial history of myopia. Environmental factors are much more effective in the formation of myopia today. Factors such as increase in educational activities, long-term computer use, and decrease in outdoor activities increase the risk of myopia. It is important to know and prevent risk factors to control myopia.
Current Definition and Classification of Pathologic Myopia
Authors: YETKİN Esat
Published: October 2024

Pathologic myopia is one of the leading causes of vision loss. Although there is comprehensive literature on pathologic myopia, there is confusion regarding its definition and classification. In this paper, the difference in definition between pathologic myopia and degenerative myopia, and the definition and classification of structural complications caused by pathologic myopia in the eye have been tried to be discussed in the light of current literature.
Glaucoma in Pathological Myopia, Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches
Authors: ERASLAN Numan
Published: October 2024

The rising global prevalence of myopia is contributing to an increase in pathological myopia (PM). Myopia has been extensively documented as a risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma. However, glaucomatous changes in eyes with PM typically occur at normal intraocular pressures. Moreover, the unique anatomical alterations observed in PM result in distinctive differences in the clinical appearance of the optic nerve head and peripapillary region. Consequently, the evaluation of optic nerve cupping is more challenging in these cases than in those of normal eyes. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma in this patient group is challenging. Furthermore, these patients may present with established visual field defects that can mimic glaucoma. On the other hand, optical coherence tomography is less useful for the detection and monitoring of disease due to the lack of normative data for these anatomically unique eyes. The most crucial factor in detecting early glaucomatous changes is the monitoring of the progression of retinal nerve fiber layer thinning over time. Consequently, the most effective method of monitoring glaucoma patients with PM is through longitudinal follow-up. Finally, the medical and surgical management of glaucoma in patients with pathologic myopic glaucoma presents its own unique challenges.
Current Treatment Approaches for Full-Thickness and Non-Thickness Macula Hole in Pathological Myopia
Authors: ERDOĞAN Gürkan , CEBECİ Zafer
Published: October 2024

Full-thickness and non-full-thickness macular holes seen in pathological myopia constitute a special subgroup in terms of vitretoretinal surgery with their formation mechanisms, progression and response to treatment. Compared to idiopathic macular holes, it has different features in that more complex tractional components are involved in its pathogenesis and tissue degeneration and atrophy play a role in pathological myopia. The determination of surgical indications, timing, and the choice of treatment for these cases should be tailored based on the pathology’s characteristics and the potential benefits of the surgery. The aim of surgical treatment is to eliminate tractional forces and restore the anatomical structure. This article aims to evaluate the treatment approaches for full-thickness and non full-thickness macular holes in pathological myopia by reviewing the current literature, thereby contributing to clinical practices in this field.
Changes in Vitreous and Retina in Pathological Myopia
Authors: ÇITIRIK Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Myopia is the leading cause of visual impairment and its prevalence continues to increase significantly. Pathological myopia affects 1-3% of the general population and is one of the main causes of low vision and blindness worldwide. Myopic vitreopathy associated with pathological myopia essentially represents fibrous vitreous liquefaction, resulting from both hereditary and degenerative processes. In addition, myopic retinopathy, in which axial elongation plays an important role in pathogenesis, has many unique pathologies. In this review, changes in the vitreous and retina in patients with pathological myopia are discussed.
First record of Berothidae (Neuroptera) from the early Eocene of Denmark
Authors: Makarkin Vladimir N. , Legalov Andrei A. , Simonsen Thomas J. , Perkovsky Evgeny E.
Published: October 2024

Danoberotha verkleijorum gen. et sp. nov. is described from the early Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark. This is the first record of Berothidae from this formation. The key distinguishing feature of the new genus is the pectinate CuP of the forewing. It differs from other genera possessing the pectinate forewing CuP by other characters (e.g., the configuration of CuA; the number of crossveins between RA and RP proximad the fusion of Sc and RA). It is assumed that the climate of the Fur Formation when layers +25 to +30 were deposited was upper microthermal.
Record of albinism in European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) (Rodentia: Sciuridae) in Slovakia
Authors: Vanerková Viktória , Purkart Adrián , Kršiak Branislav , Hapl Ervín
Published: October 2024

The European ground squirrel is a mammalian species whose populations are declining and has therefore become the target of various conservation projects in recent years. Currently, there are only a few dozen isolated populations in the Central European region. Increased interest in these animals has contributed to the first record of albino specimens of this species. A total of four juvenile individuals from two litters from one colony were observed, and in addition to the documentation itself, elementary behaviour notes were also made. All specimens did not survive to adulthood, confirming the low survival rate of aberrant individuals in the wild.
The Effect of 5Q Parental Education on Children's Emotion through Healing of Inner Child among Parents
Authors: Loo Yee Ling
Published: October 2024

The research aim of this study is to understand the relationship between parental emotional well-being and child outcome. This study delves into the profound impact of 5Q parental education on children's emotional well-being through the intricate process of healing the inner child among parents. The 5Q framework, encompassing Intelligence Quotient (IQ), Emotional Quotient (EQ), Adversity Quotient (AQ), Social Quotient (SQ), and the innovative "You Quotient" (UQ), serves as the cornerstone of this transformative educational program. By intertwining principles of personal growth, self-awareness, and effective communication, the 5Q approach aims to empower parents to navigate the complex landscape of parenthood with confidence and competence. Central to this study is the concept of the inner child, deeply rooted in psychological theory, which symbolizes unresolved emotions and experiences from childhood that continue to influence adult behaviours and familial dynamics. Through a qualitative research methodology, this study rigorously examines the experiences of a diverse sample of 100 participants engaged in a comprehensive 6-month 5Q parental education program. Results from the qualitative analysis revealed a profound impact of the 5Q parental education program on participants' emotional well-being and parenting practices. An overwhelming majority of 82 out of 100 participants reported significant enhancements in their emotional intelligence (EQ) following the healing of their inner child. This transformation was characterized by heightened self-awareness, improved emotional regulation, improved parenting skills and strategies, strengthened parent-child relationship that foster suitability relationship. This study underscores the transformative potential of 5Q parental education in fostering nurturing family environments conducive to holistic child development. The understanding of the relationship between parental emotional well-being and child outcome is emphasized. By addressing the emotional needs of parents and facilitating the healing of their inner child, this program not only empowers individuals but also lays the foundation for resilient, empathetic, and emotionally intelligent generations to come, laying the foundation for their optimal development.
Removal of Fix Magnitude Impulsive Noise (FMIN) Through Innovative Recursive MDBUTMF Procedure
Authors: Patanavijit Vorapoj , Thakulsukanant Kornkamol
Published: October 2024

This article proposes an innovative recursive modied decision based unsymmetrical trimmed median filter (RMDBUTMF) procedure for noisy overriding of digital photographs, which are eminently contaminated by FMIN. The proposed procedure reinstates the noisy photographical basis (which has magnitude at 0 or 255) by trimmed median magnitude (or the mean magnitude of all the free-noise photographical basis) in the computational photographical basis region under the recursive framework. The proposed procedure is experimented on distinctive digital photographs (Lena, Girl, Pepper and F16) on broad noise density and the proposed procedure reveals superior noisy-overridden photographs than the Mean Filter (MF), Median Filter (SMF), Adaptive Median Filter (AMF), Weight Median Filter (WMF), MDBUTMF in both Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and photographical quality.
ЛИШАЙНИКИ ТУНДРОВЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОГО ПРИОХОТЬЯ (Магаданская область)
Authors: Желудева Е. В.
Published: October 2024

The lichen flora of various types of tundra of the North-Eastern Okhotsk region has been studied. Information is provided on the most typical species and genera of lichens for wet sedge-cotton grass hummocks and dry shrub-lichen tundras. In total, 47 species of lichens have been found in the damp tundra, 30 of which belong to the subepigeids. In dry mountain tundras, 139 species of lichens have been identified, most of which also belong to the subepigeids. The most interesting from the point of view of lichenology are the dryad tundras, characterized by a unique species composition of lichens. 48 species of lichens belonging to various ecological and substrate groups have been identified here.
ЗАВИСИТ ЛИ ХОЛОДОСТОЙКОСТЬ МУРАВЬЕВ LEPTOTHORAX ACERVORUM (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) ОТ АКТУАЛЬНЫХ ТЕМПЕРАТУР ЗИМОВКИ?
Authors: Жигульская З. А. , Мещерякова Е. Н.
Published: October 2024

To answer the question above, 4 nests of Leptothorax acervorum ants were transported from Magadan (monsoon cold climate, average January temperature -18.2°C) to the village Ust-Omchug (extracontinental climate, average January temperature -35.2°C) in the fall for wintering, and in March their maximum supercooling temperature (SCP) was measured. The range of average SCP of transported larvae shifted from -17.9…-25.7°C to - 24.6…-40.9°C and exceeded the range of SCP of local nests (-25.6…-36.1°C); the minimum temperature of larvae increased at a record level: from -34.0°C to -46.6°C. The ranges of average SCP of workers from 4 transported and 5 local nests coincided: -31.8…-34.1°C and -30.6…-33.4°C, respectively. Thus, cold resistance changes significantly in accordance with current temperatures, which must be taken into account when changing the habitats of economically important species.
ОСЕННЯЯ МИГРАЦИЯ ТИХООКЕАНСКОЙ ЧАЙКИ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ПЕРВОГО GPS-GSM ПРОСЛЕЖИВАНИЯ
Authors: Зеленская Л. А.
Published: October 2024

For the first time, data on tracking of the fall migrations of the Slaty-backed Gulls Larus schistisagus in the North part of the Sea of Okhotsk to the wintering area (Hokkaido I., Japan) were obtained. Based on data from two devices, the first information about speed and tactics of migration, and stopovers on the way, was obtained. Exact and unbiassed assessment of movements of the most mass species of seagulls of the coasts of the North-East of Asia is necessary for answering a number of questions.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ И ЕМКОСТЬ НЕРЕСТИЛИЩА БУРОГО ТЕРПУГА В ТАУЙСКОЙ ГУБЕ ОХОТСКОГО МОРЯ
Authors: Зуев Ю. А. , Русяев С. М.
Published: October 2024

The object of the study was the greenling. The spatial distribution and structure of the spawning grounds of this species were studied by divers, with simultaneous video recording and analysis of behavior during the protection of offspring. The spawning ground of the greenling near the island of Nedorazumenie was revealed only on the sublittoral rocky plateau, in the zone of the least wind and wave effects, in the band of macrophytes. Data on the distribution of males depending on the depth, nature of the substrate and communities of macrophytes were obtained. It is shown that the mechanism limiting the density of fish aggregations is the territoriality of male greenling aggressively guarding spawning areas. The calculation of the spawning capacity is proposed, taking into account its heterogeneity. The possibility of modeling the spawning capacity using the Lotka-Volterra competitive equation is considered.
Особенности пигментного комплекса растений тундры Полярного Урала
Authors: Иванов Л. А. , Мигалина С. В. , Калашникова И. В. , Иванова Л. А.
Published: October 2024

Photosynthetic pigment content was studied in plants of the mountain and lowland tundras of the Polar Urals. The studies were carried out near the village of Kharp (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug). A total of 61 plant species were studied on 4 studied plots. Data analysis revealed significant differences in the content and ratio of chlorophylls and carotenoids of tundra plants compared to forest and steppe plants. It was concluded that the main factor influencing the pigment content in tundra is a large insolation during the growing season, associated with an increased daylight hours at the Arctic Circle.
НАХОДКИ РЕДКИХ ВИДОВ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ ЧАСТИ БОЛЬШЕЗЕМЕЛЬСКОЙ ТУНДРЫ (бассейн р. Колвы)
Authors: Кадетов Н. Г.
Published: October 2024

The report provides information about the findings of rare and protected species of algae, lichens and higher plants in the central part of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra in 2023. Among the noted species there are Listera cordata, Orthilia obtusata and Antennaria villifera, listed in the Red data Book of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
​Флора высших сосудистых растений южной части Национального парка «Югыд Ва» (Республика Коми)
Authors: Канев В. А.
Published: October 2024

The flora of higher vascular plants in the southern part of the Yugyd Va National Park, previously poorly studied botanically, was analyzed more comprihensively. The flora of the studied area includes 416 species of vascular plants, which is 62.3% of the entire flora of the reserve (668 species). New boundaries of the distribution of northern species, located here on the southern border of the range, were identified. New locations of rare and protected plants have been discovered for the first time, which are included in the Red Book of the Komi Republic.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ БОБОВО-РИЗОБИАЛЬНОГО СИМБИОЗА ПРИ СОЗДАНИИ ВЫСОКОПРОДУКТИВНЫХ АГРОФИТОЦЕНОЗОВ В АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЕ РОССИИ
Authors: Карлов Д. C. , Кузнецова И. Г. , Гуро П. В. , Сазанова А. Л. , Тихомирова Н. Ю. , Лащинский Н. Н. , Белимов А. А. , Сафронова В. И.
Published: October 2024

The ability of nine bacterial strains of the genus Rhizobium and Mesorhizobium, isolated from nodules of various species of legumes Oxytropis, Astragalus, Lathyrus, Vicia and Hedysarum growing in Arctic Yakutia, to form nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with Trifolium repens L., Medicago sativa L., Oxytropis adamsiana (Trautv.) Jurtzev and Astragalus frigidus L. under conditions of sterile test-tube experiment was studied. The ability of eight strains to form both ineffective and nitrogen-fixing nodules depending on the inoculation variant of legume plants was shown. The ability of O. adamsiana to form an effective symbiosis with three strains isolated from leguminous plants of the genera Hedysarum, Oxytropis and Astragalus allows us to classify it as promising for bioremediation of disturbed lands and creation of highly productive agrophytocenoses in various soil and climatic conditions of the Arctic.
ТИПЫ ОЛЕНЬИХ ПАСТБИЩ НА СЕВЕРЕ КАМЧАТСКОГО КРАЯ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИХ КАРТОГРАФИРОВАНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ГИС
Authors: Кириченко В. Е. , Нешатаева В. Ю. , Скворцов К. И.
Published: October 2024

On the base of joint use of the multi-scale remote imagery and the results of field floristic and geobotanical research, a test method for vegetation mapping of reindeer pastures of the Olyutorsky district of the Kamchatka Territory has been elaborated. Preliminary geobotanical maps of reindeer pastures of the model territories were compiled. The proposed methods are planned to be supplemented with the possibility to assess the state and degree of pasture disturbance, as well as evaluate the phytomass resources and forage productivity of reindeer pastures.
​ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЯ БУРОЗУБОК И НАПОЧВЕННЫХ БЕСПОЗВОНОЧНЫХ НА СЕВЕРНОМ ПОБЕРЕЖЬЕ ОХОТСКОГО МОРЯ
Authors: Киселев С. В.
Published: October 2024

To assess the influence of feeding conditions on the survival and abundance of shrews, an analysis of the relationships between the population dynamics of Sorex caecutiens and Sorex isodon and the relative biomass of ground invertebrates was carried out. The study was conducted in typical (larch forest) and intrazonal (floodplain Chozenia forest) habitats. In both habitats, the relative biomass of invertebrates at the end of summer was inversely related to the number of shrews. The number of overwintered shrews in larch forests was positively correlated with the biomass of invertebrates at the end of the previous summer. In the Chozenia forest, such a relationship was not established, but due to floods and aufeis ice, this habitat is unsuitable for small mammals in the winter-spring period. The results of the study suggest a fairly high interdependence of the dynamics of the abundance of shrews and invertebrates in relatively unproductive northern ecosystems.
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ЭСТУАРИЕВ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ИХТИОФАУНЫ НА п-ове КАМЧАТКА
Authors: Коваль М. В.
Published: October 2024

Based on the results of long-term complex studies of fish ecology in estuaries of the Kamchatka Krai, the importance of these water bodies in the formation of biodiversity of ichthyofauna on the Kamchatka Peninsula is assessed. The role of estuaries, as well as adjacent marine areas, in the distribution of freshwater, diadromous and marine fishes in the region is shown.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПОЖАРОВ НА МОХОВО-ЛИШАЙНИКОВЫЙ ПОКРОВ И СВОЙСТВА ПОЧВ БУГРИСТЫХ ТОРФЯНИКОВ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ
Authors: Колесниченко Л. Г. , Воробьев С. Н. , Покровский О. С. , Колесниченко Ю. Я. , Шаврина У. Ю. , Кабилов М. Р. , Никиткин В. А. , Лущаева И. В. , Кочеткова Т. Д. , Конева В. В. , Кирпотин С. Н.
Published: October 2024

The influence of fires of different years on the moss-lichen cover and soil properties of palsas peatlands in Western Siberia was studied. Statistically significant changes in vegetation cover, the active layer of permafrost and associated changes in the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of peat soils and greenhouse gas emissions due to the impact of fires were identified.
Авифауна южных отрогов хр. Черского
Authors: Кондратьев А. В.
Published: October 2024

Avifauna of the southern spurs of Chersky mountain ridge (400–1400 m asl) was studied in June-August of 2021 and 2023. 95 species were registered including 76 breeding, 10 summering and 9 observed only during summer migration. 11 species mostly of boreal origin inhabit forest belt on the altitudes below 800 m and are not recorded in the subalpine belt. Both forest and subalpine belts are inhabited by 35 species, also mostly of boreal origin. Open landscapes of subalpine belt are inhabited by 22 species, most of which are of boreal-hypoarctic and hypoarctic origin. Bare rocky habitats of alpine belt are inhabited only by 5 species. Whereas forest belt fauna is similar to that of the neighboring mountain area, fauna of the subalpine belt is more specific and transitory between the Yakutian mountains and the Kolyma Highland.
ПОДЗЕМНЫЕ ВОДЫ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ ЯКУТИИ КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНО ЗНАЧИМЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ПАРНИКОВЫХ ГАЗОВ
Authors: Кривенок Л. А. , Тананаев Н. И. , Баишев Н. Е.
Published: October 2024

In 2021–2023, field measurements of CH4 and CO2 emissions were carried out at three groundwater sources in Central Yakutia. Particularly high dissolved gas concentrations and emissions were detected at the Sullar water spring. The role of groundwater sources in the carbon balance on the regional and global scales needs further research.
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКА «НУМТО»
Authors: Веревкина Е. Л.
Published: October 2024

Formation of the Numto Nature Park is the first experience of creating a specially protected natural area in the North of Siberia. It involves environmental protection taking into account the interests of the indigenous population, serves as an excellent example of preserving natural resource potential and an environment favorable for the life of present and future generations, which ultimately forms the basis for sustainable development of the region. The nature park has a fairly high level of natural biodiversity.
Диапауза в развитии ракообразных как форма адаптаций к условиям обитания в камчатских озерах
Authors: Вецлер Н. М.
Published: October 2024

Based on a generalization of long-term data, the features of the life cycles of pelagic crustaceans are considered and the adaptive role of diapause to habitat conditions in some lakes of Kamchatka is demonstrated.
ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА ФЛОРЫ МХОВ МАГАДАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Вильк Е. Ф.
Published: October 2024

A geographical analysis of the distribution of species of moss flora in the Magadan region is given. Arealogical and zonal-genetic approaches are used. Most species have circumpolar, bipolar, or cosmopolitan habitats. Mosses belonging to the Arctic Alpine, Boreal and Hypoarctic elements predominate.
ЧЕРНОЗОБИК CALIDRIS ALPINA НА КАМЧАТКЕ
Authors: Герасимов Ю. Н. , Тиунов И. М. , Мацына А. И. , Духова Э. Р. , Гринькова А. С. , Ковалева В. М. , Мацына Е. Л.
Published: October 2024

One subspecies of Dunlin C. a. kistchinski is common breeding wader on Kamchatka, 2 other C. a. sakhalina and C. a. arcticola migrate through the peninsula in number of several hundred thousand. Counting during northward migration shows big decreasing of number of Dunlins on monitoring point on southwest coast of Kamchatka. However, we think that it happened due to change migration route, as in 2018 we counted 124 thousand migrated Dunlin in one point of western coast to north of monitoring point. Counting during breeding season demonstrate stable number of breeding population of C. a. kistchinski. In total, we caught, banded and flagged 7.4 thousand Dunlins on Kamchatka.
СМЕЩЕНИЕ К СЕВЕРУ ГРАНИЦЫ АРЕАЛА ЛИСТВЕННИЦЫ КАЯНДЕРА (Larix cajanderi Mayr) В НИЗОВЬЕ р. ЛЕНА
Authors: Гладышева М. Ю.
Published: October 2024

Information on the distribution of Kayander larch in the territory of the protected area of the Ust-Lensky Nature Reserve and in the vicinity of Tiksi village is provided. The expansion of the range of the Kayander larch and its adaptation to harsh climatic conditions is of great importance for the Arctic flora.
ИСТОРИЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ЛИХЕНОФЛОРЫ МАГАДАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Дмитриева А. С. , Желудева Е. В.
Published: October 2024

Russian lichenology has existed for almost three centuries for now. But only since the early 1930s with the establishment of Soviet regime, intensive development of the environment conditions of the Kolyma region, as well as the study of lichens have began. Research on lichens in the Magadan region was carried out in floristic and resource studies, geomorphodynamics and lichenometry. The article presents the stages of research into the lichen flora of the Magadan region.
О НЕОБХОДИМОСТИ ПИТОМНИКА РАСТЕНИЙ В г. МАГАДАНЕ
Authors: Докучаева В. Б. , Полежаев А. Н. , Сазанова Н. А.
Published: October 2024

The history, current state, unrealized opportunities and prospects of plant nursery organization in Magadan are considered. The region needs a plant nursery as well as an arboretum and a botanical garden, with an up-to-date organization level of growing different plants and carring out experimental and research work
Охрана видов-дальних мигрантов восточно азиатскоавстралазийского пролетного пути на миграционных остановках Охотского моря
Authors: Дорофеев Д. С. , Иванов А. П.
Published: October 2024

Number of the long-distance migratory waders of the East Asian-Australasian flyway are declining rapidly. The main cause is active reclamation of mudflats at key migration stopovers in the Yellow Sea. The decline is rapid and apparently it should be minimized at all stages of the annual cycle. At the beginning of southward migration, a large numbers of long-distance migrants form stopovers on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. A significant part of these species is listed in Red Book of the Russian Federation. At present, however, there are no special protected sites that are designed to protect key migratory stopovers of these species. We suggest creating several special protected sites at the Sea of Okhotsk as the main stopovers for the long-distance migrating waders on the western coast of Kamchatka, on Sakhalin and in the bays of the Khabarovsky krai.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИИ ДИНАМИКИ ЧИСЛЕННОСТИ СОБОЛЯ
Authors: Дубинин Е. А. , Валенцев А. С.
Published: October 2024

The relationship between population density and some demographic parameters of the Kamchatka sable population and the population size of forest voles, the main food of sable, is considered. It was revealed that the highest increases in the sable population are associated with peak abundance of forest voles. The population density of the sable follows the population density of its prey with a time lag of 1–1.5 years.
Влияние интенсивности механической трансформации почв при заготовке древесины на восстановление растительности, почвенное органическое вещество и эмиссию углекислого газа
Authors: Дымов А. А. , Старцев В. В. , Осипов А. Ф. , Дубровский Ю. А. , Кутявин И. Н. , Севергина Д. А.
Published: October 2024

Влияние интенсивности механической трансформации почв при заготовке древесины на восстановление растительности, почвенное органическое вещество и эмиссию углекислого газа
РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ МНОГОНОЖЕК-ГЕОФИЛОВ И МУХОЛОВОК (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha, Scutigeromorpha) В АЗИАТСКОЙ РОССИИ
Authors: Дьячков Ю. В.
Published: October 2024

The distribution of the geophilomorph and scutigeromorph centipede species in the Asian part of Russia is discussed. Lists of the species known from the north territories of Asian Russia, as well as anthropogenic introductions, are also provided.
АФИЛЛОФОРОИДНЫЕ ГРИБЫ НА ОСТРОВНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ: НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ
Authors: Ежов О. Н.
Published: October 2024

Data on aphyllophoroid fungi on the island territories of the Arkhangelsk region are presented: occurrence, features of distribution and new data. The islands of the Solovetsky and Kiysky archipelagos as well as the Mudyugsky islands were under investigation. The woodlands of the islands represent the unique and valuable forest objects.
Resolution of Election Disputes for DPD Members Through Administrative Court Decisions Based on Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections (A Case Study of the DPD in West Sumatera Province)
Authors: Ali Akbar Juliansyah  , Muhammad Yadi Harahap
Published: October 2024

This research aims to analyze the Jakarta Administrative Court Decision No. 600/G/SPPU/2023/PTUN.JKT related to the election dispute of DPD (Regional Representative Council) members in 2023, from the perspective of Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections and fiqh siyasah (Islamic political jurisprudence). The focus of the dispute is the alleged violations by the General Election Commission (KPU) in the process of establishing the permanent voter list and determining the election results. This study employs a normative approach with a case study to address how election disputes for DPD members are resolved through Administrative Court decisions. The analysis reveals that the Jakarta Administrative Court Decision has integrated principles of justice and transparency as outlined in fiqh siyasah, and complies with the legal provisions of Law No. 7 of 2017. However, the study also highlights some challenges in enforcing accountability and transparency by the election organizers. This decision has strategic implications for governance and strengthening democracy in Indonesia, particularly within the context of Islamic constitutional law.
The pedagogical insights of mathematics teachers integrating artificial intelligence in rural upper primary schools of Namibia
Authors: Elifas Taimi Ndinelago , Simuja Clement
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a qualitative intervention study that explores the pedagogical experiences of mathematics teachers integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies into teaching mathematics in rural upper primary schools in Namibia. The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework, which intersects teachers’ understanding of technology integration with pedagogical techniques and subject matter knowledge, was adopted for the study. The research involved 13 mathematics teachers selected through purposive sampling. Data collection included two sharing circle discussions, lesson observations, and semi-structured interviews. A thematic analysis approach was employed to interpret the collected data. The findings reveal a diverse range of AI tools used by the selected teachers, such as Geogebra, Khan Academy, Virtual Tutors, and various problem-solving mobile applications, including Photomath, Mathway, and Microsoft Math Solver. These AI resources were noted for enhancing the visualisation of mathematical concepts, providing adaptive learning experiences, and promoting independent, paced learning that supports learners' learning styles. Teachers reported a marked improvement in learners’ comprehension and problem-solving abilities attributable to AI integration. Despite the benefits of AI in education, challenges remain, particularly in rural areas. Key issues include inadequate infrastructure, limited access to devices, and the need for ongoing teacher training in technological pedagogical content knowledge. Additionally, the lack of culturally relevant AI technologies hinders effective AI-supported learning in diverse contexts. Greater investment in localised AI educational tools is needed to achieve equitable and effective learning outcomes.
Shalom. Physicians peacemakers
Authors: Martini Carlo Maria
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Physician, health service, economics
Authors: Bompiani Adriano
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Transsexualism: ethical aspects
Authors: Caffara Carlo
Published: October 2024

Not available.