bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nasal ciliary beating controlled by carbonic anhydrase IV and Na+/HCO3- co-transport under an extremely low CO2 condition (air)
Authors: Okamoto Shota , Yasuda Makoto , Kawaguchi Kotoku , Yasuoka Kasane , Kikukawa Yumi , Asano Shinji , Inui Taka-aki , Hirano Shigeru , Inui Toshio , Marunaka Yoshinori , Nakahari Takashi
Published: September 2023

Ciliated human nasal epithelial cells (c-hNECs) express the bicarbonate transport metabolon (BTM) consisting of carbonic anhydrase (CA) IV, Na+/HCO3- cotransporter (NBC) and CAII. This study demonstrated that the BTM rapidly and selectively transports HCO3- into c-hNECs resulting in a high intracellular pH (pHi) in c-hNECs. Applying a CO2/HCO3--free solution decreased ciliary beat frequency (CBF) at a high pHi, at which the CA-mediated reaction synthesized H+ from CO2 produced by the metabolism. An NH4+ pulse also gradually decreased CBF and pHi following to immediate their increases in c-hNECs. Inhibition of NBC by S0859 decreased CBF and pHi, and the effects of the CO2/HCO3--free solution on CBF were reversed in c-hNECs pretreated with S0859 (i.e. it transiently increased CBF). Ciliated human bronchial epithelial cells (c-hBECs), pHi in which was lower than that in c-hNECs, expressed CAII and NBC but not CAIV. In c-hBECs, the CO2/HCO3--free solution transiently increased CBF and pHi and the NH4+ pulse increased and plateaued CBF and pHi. Inhibition of NBC by S0859 did not decrease CBF and pHi in c-hBECs. Based on these observations, in c-hNECs, the interactions between CAIV and NBC play a key role to accelerate the HCO3- influx, acceleration of which increase pHi to an extremely high value. This novel mechanism keeping a high pHi maintains an adequate CBF in c-hNECs in the air (0.04% CO2).
Spatial structures of different particles in helicon plasma
Authors: Zhang Zun , Zhang Jikun , Sun Yuzhe
Published: September 2023

The spatial structures of different particles (high-energy electron excited ionic and low-energy electron excited neutral particles) in both discharge and plume plasmas of a helicon source have been characterized. These two different populations show different intensity jumps and growth rates with increasing RF input powers. Filters of 480 nm band pass and 600 nm high pass have been used to distinguish these two populations. Results show that the plasmas are generated from both ends of the antenna and transmitted to the middle of the antenna to form an axial particle path. When the wave mode reaches, the axial particle path is formed. The radial distribution of the high-energy electrons is highly concentrated on the center line while that of the low-energy electrons is relatively uniform. The axial distribution of the high-energy electrons is asymmetric, that is the maximum density is located on the one end of the antenna. The reversed magnetic field could reverse their axial distributions. In the plume plasma, the high-energy electrons are highly directional and expand further axial distances compared with the low-energy electrons. The most probable energies of ions derived from the RFEA remain almost the same with an average value of 45 eV. But the IEDF shapes and the relative ion densities change greatly at 700W. It is believed that the IEDFs and ion density jumps are more likely related to the high-energy electron density jumps.
Explore the effect of size stratification of datasets on software faults proneness prediction performance
Authors: Alshehri Yasser , Alshehri Yasser
Published: September 2023

Size is one of the significant factors associated with bugs, and it has been used to predict software faults. We believe that stratifying software files based on size can play an essential role in improving prediction performance. This study explores the effect of size by stratifying our sample based on each unit’s size and distributing software units in multiple stratified groups based on an equal distribution approach. We stratified the Eclipse Europa project and Derby project files, and we reported the performance of each stratified group and compared them. We used two popular classifiers, decision tree J48 and random forest, to implement this experiment. These classifiers presented similar results on the same group of files. The results indicated that predicting faults with large files is significantly better than predicting those with small files. Furthermore, the files of large groups provide reliable and more stable performance. Finally, we resampled all the stratified groups of the two projects to explore if this can impact the performance. We found that the resampling has no impact on the performance of algorithms using the Europa dataset. However, the effect was significant when the Derby project was used.
Machine learning for uncertainty quantification in climate precipitation prediction over South America
Authors: Monego Vinicius , Anochi Juliana , Velho Haroldo Campos
Published: September 2023

In recent times, machine learning algorithms have found applications in various fields. Nice results have been obtained by employing these algorithms, including precipitation climate prediction. Precipitation is a key meteorological variable in South America, related to the intense rainfall under different climate seasons. For Brazil, the importance is beyond agriculture, civil defense, and tourism, because most part of the electric energy is produced by hydroelectric power plants. The inputs are some meteorological variables (wind fields, temperature, and precipitation from the previous month). Decision tree is the approach applied for monthly precipitation prediction, as implemented in the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) framework, after the prediction, another important issue is to quantify how good is the forecasting, in other words, it is important to estimate the predictability -- or uncertainty quantification to the prediction. Therefore, two decision trees were designed to estimate the precipitation and the prediction uncertainty over South America. Optimal hyperparameters for the machine learning tools were determined by Optuna optimizer. Data from the years January-1980 up to December-2017 were addressed for algorithms training, while the years 2018 and 2019 were used for testing. Very good results were obtained for precipitation prediction, with uncertainty maps calculated for all South America territory.
Gut microbiota and spinal stenosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Ding-Qiang , Xu Wen-Bin , Xiao Ke-Yi , Que Zhi-Qiang , Feng Jin-Yi , Sun Nai-Kun , Cai Di-Xin , Rui Gang
Published: September 2023

Background
Whether the gut microbiota (GM) affects the progress of spinal stenosis is unclear. Accordingly, we explored the link between intestinal microbiota and spinal stenosis by a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) research.
Methods
The genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data about intestinal microbiota (the MiBioGen) and spinal stenosis (the FinnGen biobank) were obtained. The major analytical strategy was the inverse variance weighting (IVW) approach. To test the credibility of estimates of causality, we conducted a variety of tests, which included consistency, heterogenicity, pleiotropy analyses, and sensitivity analysis. For appraising the underlying reverse causality, we additionally carried out a reverse MR analysis.
Results
Among the 196 GM taxa, the IVW results confirmed that class-Gammaproteobacteria (P = 0.004), genus-Eubacteriumrectalegroup (P = 0.012), genus-Eubacteriumruminantiumgroup (P = 0.034), genus-Oxalobacter (P = 0.011), genus-Ruminiclostridium5 (P = 0.013) and order-Clostridiales (P = 0.042) were correlated with spinal stenosis based on Finngen GWAS. No pleiotropy or heterogeneity were found. Exposure-outcome effects for the six gut microbial taxa remained significant after instrumental variables with confounding effects were excluded.
Conclusion
We proved the causative connection between intestinal flora and spinal stenosis and opened up a novel insight into the management of spinal stenosis: aimed modulation of dysbiosis of particular bacterial taxa to protect against spinal stenosis.
Serpentine decomposition in the presence of graphite and metallic iron at P-T conditions of the Earth’s upper mantle
Authors: Chepurov Anatoly , Zhimulev Egor , Sonin Valeri , Turkin Aleksander , Chepurov Aleksei , Gryaznov Ivan
Published: September 2023

Serpentinized peridotite is an important part of subducting oceanic crust. Despite its small amount in the oceanic lithosphere (about 10%), serpentine is believed to be the main source of water containing about 13 wt.% OH-groups. There has been recently developing a hypothesis that subduction of crustal material is linked with formation of diamond including its super-deep variety named CLIPPIR (Cullinan-like large, inclusion-poor, relatively pure, irregularly shaped and resorbed). The present paper is focused on experimental crystallization of silicate and oxide minerals during serpentine decomposition in the presence of elemental carbon and metallic iron at high pressure and high temperature. The experiments were carried out using a multiple-anvil split-sphere type high pressure apparatus (BARS) at pressures 4–5.5 GPa and temperatures of 1350–1450°C. The following main phases were identified after experiments in the serpentine–graphite–iron system: olivine, orthopyroxene, garnet, chromite, metallic iron, iron carbide, graphite. Olivine is a predominant silicate mineral while metallic iron and solid solution of carbon in iron (γ–phase) are abundant in the samples as well. The processes of mineral transformation in the experiment occurred in the presence of fluid of complex composition. In contrast to the oxidizing systems which mainly contain CO2, CO and H2O, the present experiment also contained a hydrocarbon-rich fluid. Our experimental modelling of interaction between the oxidizing and reducing components of the fluid demonstrated a nonequilibrium state with significant heterogeneity in fO2: in short-time runs iron content of olivine varied widely, but longer experiments showed less variations (14.1–18.3 wt.% FeO). It is suggested that iron content of olivine can be considered as an indicator of redox changes in the medium. The excess of metallic iron induces equilibrium which is characterized by formation of minerals corresponding to the reducing conditions. Our results confirmed that Mg-rich olivine and Mg-rich orthopyroxene can form in silicate rock if metallic iron is involved. In such conditions crustal carbon captured by subducting plate can recrystallize in the form of diamond with inclusions of metal–sulfide–silicate composition.
Similar pattern of butterfly decline in urban and semi-natural alpine areas
Authors: Habel Jan Christian , Ulrich Werner , Gros Patrick , Teucher Mike
Published: September 2023

Urbanization and landscape homogenization are main drivers causing biodiversity loss. The transformation of natural habitats into agro-environments and settlement areas causes the vanishing of many species across the globe and leads to faunal homogenization. In this study, we analyse changes in land-cover and habitat configuration and test for changes in species richness and community composition of butterflies. For this, we analysed historical aerial and recent satellite pictures, and studied the butterfly fauna for two areas in northern Austria, the urban Salzburg areas 'Gaisberg´ and the EU-protected 'Bluntautal´ area. For analyses of landscape and butterfly diversity changes in the respective area, we consider the period 1946–2018. The obtained data show that the proportion of settlement area and forest increased. Sizes of field copses increased, small-scale connectivity decreased and subsequently landscape complexity decreased. In parallel, butterfly species richness decreased and species community composition changed considerably in both areas, particularly in the nature reserve Bluntautal, during the past two decades. For both areas we found severe losses of specialist and xerothermophilic species, relying on open extensively used ecosystems. These trends underpin that the reduction of landscape complexity and subsequent landscape intensification drive the extinction of many species and lead to faunal homogenization. This trend is particularly observable in the Bluntautal, where a large proportion of species diversity has disappeared in recent years despite the protection status of this area. This study underpins that efficient management in protected areas is needed to preserve high habitat quality over long time periods.
PAL inhibits foam cell formation by regulating the PPAR-γ signaling pathway in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced THP-1 macrophages
Authors: Li Siming , Jia Xinhang , Mao Haoyang , Dong Fangxin , Yan Lijun , Zhao Jinzhong , Na Zhang , Wang Wenfei
Published: September 2023

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease continues to pose a major threat to human health. It has been shown that Chinese herbal medicines rich in palmatine(PAL) exert significant beneficial effects on atherosclerosis(AS). However, the specific biological functions and mechanisms of PAL in AS remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of PAL on the core pathological changes in macrophage foam cell formation, a key process in the development of AS. The results demonstrated that PAL significantly reduced the formation of lipid droplets and accumulation of cholesterol ester in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL)-induced macrophage foam cells. RNA-sequencing was used to comprehensively analyze the effect of PAL. The findings revealed that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) pathway is the primary target of PAL in suppressing foam cell formation. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting results confirmed that PAL substantially upregulated the transcription and expression levels of lipid metabolism-related proteins, such as PPAR-γ and liver X receptor-α (LXR-α), whereas it inhibited the transcription of inflammatory factors TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6. These biological changes were reversed by treatment with the PPAR-γ inhibitor T0070907. Molecular docking analysis showed that the binding sites of PAL with PPAR-γ (325THR) is close to the reported PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone（323HIS）, suggesting that PAL may act as a PPAR-γ partial agonist to improve atherosclerosis. Collectively, the results of this study suggest that PAL promotes cholesterol efflux and inhibits inflammatory responses mainly by regulating the PPAR-γ signaling pathway, thus ameliorating macrophage foam cell formation. Our findings may provide a foundation for further research on the pharmacological activity and potential value of PAL in the treatment of AS.
Toxicological and morphological effects of flubendiamide on the midgut of the Spodoptera cosmioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillar
Authors: Rocha Francelina Aparecida Duarte , Martinez Luis Carlos , Lima Bárbara Soares Amoroso , Farder-Gomes Cliver Fernandes , Cossolin Jamile Fernanda Silva , Serrão José Eduardo
Published: September 2023

Spodoptera cosmioides Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of soybean and cotton crops, whose control is mainly carried out using few chemical insecticides. Diamide flubendiamide is a potential insecticide to control S. cosmioides, which is effective in controlling several pests and have little effect on beneficial arthropods and natural enemies of the pests. This study evaluated the toxicity and histopathological changes caused by flubendiamide in the midgut of S. cosmioides caterpillars. Flubendiamide is toxic to S. cosmioides (LC50 = 23.44 mg L− 1 and LC90 = 320 mg L− 1), whose survival rate after 72 h decreased from 80.92% in the control to 39.76% with LC50, and 21.53% with LC90. Flubendiamide causes damage to the midgut, including epithelial disorganization, brush border degeneration, cytoplasm vacuolization, nuclear chromatin condensation and cell fragmentation, which indicates cell death and compromises digestibility. Thus, flubendiamide has the potential to control S. cosmioides caterpillars.
Cross-correlating deforestation and atmospheric indexes to local rainfall and temperature patterns through detrended multiple cross-correlation analysis
Authors: Millán Humberto , Limberger Leila , Cumbrera Ramiro
Published: September 2023

Deforestation negatively influences rainfall, soil and air temperature. The objective of this work was to investigate the multiscale association of deforestation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Southern Oscillation Index and East Atlantic Oscillation with rainfall and temperature dynamics. Monthly records of rainfall and temperature from Belem and Manaus (Brazilian Amazonia) were analyzed. The deforestation series corresponds to the whole Amazonia area. Data sets spanned from April 2008 to December 2019. The methodology was based on detrended cross-correlation analysis, multiple detrended cross-correlation and multiscale joint entropy. The significance was assessed by generating probability distribution functions from 5000 simulated Gaussian signals. For Belem, the association of deforestation/EAO/SOI rendered the maximal coefficient value with 18 months as the time scale of maximal cross-correlation. In Manaus, 18 months was the time scale of maximal association with all signal pairs influencing rainfall dynamics significantly. The significance region spanned from 12 to 24 months for both sites. The deforestation/EAO pair showed the highest multiple cross-correlations with air temperature at all time scales larger than 12 months for Belem. However, multiple cross-correlations and significance regions were smaller for Manaus. The joint entropy was smaller than the sum of its marginal values which indicates dependence between the coupled processes. Rainfall/SOI and temperature/SOI pairs portrayed the more complex dynamics in Belem. Rainfall/PDO and temperature/SOI were more complex in Manaus. The entropy correlation coefficient suggests m=15 months as the scale of the deforestation footprint on rainfall patterns. Multiscale methods are better descriptors of coupled atmospheric/anthropogenic processes than those derived from traditional statistics.
Tumor Response to Stroma-Modifying Therapy: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Early-Phase Clinical Trials of Pegvorhyaluronidase alpha (PEGPH20)
Authors: Arias-Lorza Andrés M. , Costello James R. , Hingorani Sunil R. , Von Hoff Daniel D. , Korn Ronald L. , Raghunand Natarajan
Published: September 2023

Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that PEGPH20 depletes intratumoral hyaluronic acid (HA), which is linked to high interstitial fluid pressures and poor distribution of chemotherapies. 29 patients with metastatic advanced solid tumors received quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) in 3 prospective clinical trials of PEGPH20, HALO-109-101 (NCT00834704), HALO-109-102 (NCT01170897), and HALO-109-201 (NCT01453153). Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of water (ADC), T1, ktrans, vp, ve, and iAUC maps were computed from qMRI acquired at baseline and ≥ 1 time point post-PEGPH20. Tumor ADC and T1 decreased, while iAUC, ktrans, vp, and ve increased, on day 1 post-PEGPH20 relative to baseline values. This is consistent with HA depletion leading to a decrease in tumor water content and an increase in perfusion, permeability, extracellular matrix space, and vascularity. Baseline parameter values that were predictive of pharmacodynamic responses were: ADC > 1.46×10− 3 mm2/s (Balanced Accuracy (BA) = 72%, p < 0.01), T1 > 0.54s (BA = 82%, p < 0.01), iAUC < 9.2 mM-s (BA = 76%, p < 0.05), ktrans<0.07min− 1 (BA = 72%, p = 0.2), ve<0.17 (BA = 68%, p < 0.01), and vp<0.02 (BA = 60%, p < 0.01). Further, ve<0.39 at baseline was moderately predictive of response in any parameter (BA = 65.6%, p < 0.01 averaged across patients). These qMRI biomarkers are potentially useful for guiding patient pre-selection and post-treatment follow-up in future clinical studies of PEGPH20 and other tumor stroma-modifying anti-cancer therapies.
Associations of Remaining Teeth Number, Periodontal Disease, and Occlusal Support Status with Erectile Dysfunction in Community-Dwelling Men
Authors: Fujita Naoki , Iwane Takuro , Tamura Yoshihiro , Okamoto Teppei , Yamamoto Hayato , Hatakeyama Shingo , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Wataru , Ohyama Chikara
Published: September 2023

Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported positive relationships between erectile dysfunction (ED) and periodontal disease. Although occlusal support status and the number of remaining teeth also reflect oral conditions, no study has evaluated the relationship between these oral conditions and ED. The aim of the present study was to investigate these relationships in community-dwelling men. This cross-sectional study included 400 community-dwelling men. Periodontal health status and occlusal support condition were evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Eichner classification. Multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between ED and the remaining teeth number, periodontal disease, and occlusal support status. The median age was 53 years. Of the 400 men, 333 (83%) were classified into ED group. In univariable analyses, remaining teeth number, CPI score, and Eichner classification were significantly associated with ED. In multivariable analyses, remaining teeth number (odds ratio [OR]: 0.907, P = 0.114) and CPI score (OR: 0.978, P = 0.864) were not significantly associated with ED, whereas the Eichner classification was independently and significantly associated with ED (OR: 3.490, P = 0.042). In conclusion, poor occlusal support status was significantly associated with ED, as opposed to remaining teeth number and periodontal health status.
Combining causal inference and within-trial economic evaluation methods to assess comparative cost-effectiveness using real-world data: a tutorial with recommendations based on the quasi-experimental ADAPT study of a redesigned mental health service
Authors: Franklin Matthew , Porter Alice , De Vocht Frank , Kearns Benjamin , Latimer Nicholas , Alava Monica Hernández , Young Tracey , Kidger Judi
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES. Real-world evidence is playing an increasingly important role in health technology assessment, but is prone to selection and confounding bias. We demonstrate how to conduct a real-world within-study cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) analysis. We combined traditional within-trial bootstrapped regression-baseline-adjustment with causal inference methods, using a Target Trial framework, inverse probability weights (IPWs), marginal structural models (MSMs), and g-computation, applied to England’s Talking Therapies for anxiety and depression services (TTad) mental-health e-records.
METHODS.The ‘Assessing a Distinct IAPT service’ (ADAPT) quasi-experimental-study evaluated an Enhanced-TTad-service Vs. TTad-services’ treatment-as-usual. TTad-services collect patient-reported PHQ-9-depression and GAD-7-anxiety scores at index-assessment and each treatment session, from which we predicted EQ-5D utilities using a mapping function. Our primary estimands were incremental costs and QALYs for Enhanced-TTad Vs. treatment-as-usual at 16-weeks post-TTad-service-index-assessment.
We prespecified our target trial including eligibility, treatment strategies, assignment procedure, follow-up, outcomes, estimands, and analysis plan. We used stabilised treatment-related and censoring-related IPWs within MSMs to reduce selection and confounding bias due to non-randomised treatment allocation and informative censoring, respectively. Our doubly-robust approach involved MSM-adjusted baseline confounders and g-computation to estimate incremental utilities, costs, and QALYs, with bootstrapped bias-corrected 95% confidence-intervals (95%bCIs) and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.
RESULTS. Primary analysis sample: Enhanced, N=5,441; treatment-as-usual, N=2,149. Naïve regression-baseline-adjustment and doubly-robust approaches suggested Enhanced-TTad-service dominated treatment-as-usual, with average per-person (95%bCIs) cost-savings of £30.64 (£22.26 to £38.90) or £29.64 (£20.69 to £37.99) and QALYs-gained of 0.00035 (-0.00075 to 0.00152) or 0.00052 (-0.00105 to 0.00277), respectively; probability of cost-effectiveness at £30,000 per QALY was 99% or 95%, respectively. The doubly-robust and naïve results concurred; albeit, the doubly-robust results suggested average QALY gains were higher but less certain. The cost-effectiveness results were driven by potential cost-savings.
CONCLUSION. When treatment allocation is non-randomised, the Target Trial framework alongside doubly-robust analyses should be used to reduce selection and confounding bias.
Taxonomic diversity of lichens of a protected area in an industrial city (as an example of the city of Dnipro, Ukraine)
Authors: Kolesnykov Ihor , Kabar Anatoliy
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to inventory the taxonomic diversity of lichens in the territory of the protected area of local importance "Novokodatskyi Park" located within the large industrial city of Dnipro (Dnipro region, Ukraine), taking into account the data of automated air monitoring. Along with the development of instrumental methods for studying the state of environmental components, biological monitoring is also relevant. After all, living organisms, namely their taxonomic diversity, number and its dynamics, etc., are integral indicators of the state of the environment. Numerous species of organisms are widely used as biomonitors of air pollution, the most famous of which are lichens, as it has been found that with an increase in the content of pollutants in the air, bushy, then leafy and finally scaling forms of lichens first disappear. Numerous studies have also shown a correlation between the number of lichen species and increased concentrations of pollutants in the air. The city of Dnipro is one of the largest industrial cities in Ukraine and has a high level of technogenic load. There are 10 industrial facilities of national and regional significance within the city of Dnipro, which are included in the List of the most environmentally hazardous facilities, and the largest metallurgical enterprises are concentrated in the Novokodatskyi district of Dnipro. During the survey of the territory of the Novokodatskyi Park, a nature reserve of local importance, 10 species of lichens from 6 families were registered. Let’s believe that the study of the taxonomic diversity of the lichen biota of large industrial cities and other settlements is a promising area of research in terms of lichen indication. After all, in this case, lichen diversity is an integral indicator, and the results obtained are quite clear
Virtual reality therapy in patients after trauma surgery: prospective clinical trial
Authors: Lysenko Grigory E. , Shchegolev A. V. , Bogomolov B. N. , Meshakov D. P.
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: Postoperative pain is a common problem. The use of non-drug treatments can reduce the need for medications. The use of Virtual Reality Therapy (VR-therapy) is being widely studied as a complementary treatment for acute and chronic pain. The lack of data on the effectiveness of the technique in patients after traumatological surgical interventions became the basis for this study. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of VR-therapy as a method of additional treatment of postoperative pain in patients after traumatological surgical interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study included 70 patients admitted for elective trauma surgery. VR-therapy in combination with medicated analgesics was used in 35 patients. The control group included 35 patients who, after performing similar surgical interventions, were given pain relief only with medication. Virtual reality therapy was performed using an Oculus Quest 2 device. Sessions of 25 minutes were performed 3, 7, 12 hours after the operation. The effectiveness of pain therapy was assessed using a numerical rating scale. The response of the endocrine-metabolic response to pain was assessed by changes in the concentration of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). RESULTS: Therapy based on drug analgesia in combination with virtual reality sessions led to a better quality of pain relief for patients after trauma surgery. After a session of VR, the decrease in scores on the pain self-assessment scale was 44 %. When compared with the results obtained the next day, the values in the main group were lower by 22 %. The need of patients of the main group for narcotic analgesics significantly decreased. The change in the concentration of ACTH, as an indicator of the endocrine-metabolic response, in the group with VR-therapy was 18 % less pronounced. CONCLUSIONS: The use of VR leads to a decrease in postoperative pain, endocrine-metabolic response and the need for opioid analgesics.
Chronic Disorders of Consciousness: guidelines of the All-Russian public organization “Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists”
Authors: Belkin A. A. , Aleksandrova E. V. , Akhutina T. V. , Belkin V. A. , Berdnikovich E. S. , Bykova V. I. , Varako N. A. , Voznyuk I. A. , Gnedovskaya E. V. , Grigoryeva V. N. , Zaytsev O. S. , Zinchenko Yu. P. , Ivanova G. E. , Ivanova N. E. , Kovyazina M. S. , Kondratyev A. N. , Kondratyeva E. A. , Kondratyev S. A. , Krylov V. V. , Latyshev Ya. A. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Legostaeva L. A. , Maksakova O. A. , Martynov M. Yu. , Mikadze Yu. V. , Petrikov S. S. , Petrova M. V. , Piradov M. A. , Popugaev K. A. , Pryanikov I. V. , Ryabinkina Yu. V. , Savin I. A. , Sergeev Dmitry V. , Sinkin M. V. , Skvortsov A. A. , Skripay E. Yu. , Suvorov A. Yu. , Suponeva N. A. , Usachev D. Yu. , Fufaeva E. V. , Shamalov N. A. , Shchegolev A. V. , Iazeva E. G. , Zabolotskikh I. B.
Published: September 2023

Chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) represent severe central nervous system damage resulting in long-term disability and a significant burden to healthcare institutions and patientsʼ families. DOC develop in patients after coma and are characterized by the presence of wakefulness with complete or almost complete absence of signs of awareness. DOC include vegetative state (VS) and minimally conscious state (MCS). The term prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDOC) is also used in the Russian literature to describe the initial stages of chronic DOC. Another clinical entity, exit from MCS, is used to characterize the stage of recovery of cognitive functions. Diagnosis of DOC is based on repeated structured clinical examination using specific scales, provided that reversible causes of impaired consciousness are excluded. Treatment of DOC patients includes maintenance of vital functions and optimal nutrition and control of typical complications and concomitant conditions (pressure sores, spasticity, pain, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, etc.). Rehabilitation of DOC patients should involve a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team, the extent of which is determined by the individual problems and capabilities of the patient. Rehabilitation is most effective if started early. To date, there is no robust evidence on the effectiveness of specific methods for restoring consciousness, while a number of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are being studied; however, they should be applied provided that the maximum possible level of correction of the patientʼs somatic problems is achieved. The family plays a key role in rehabilitation. They need practical information about their loved oneʼs condition, guidance in rehabilitation, and psychological support.
The Conscious Nematode: Exploring Hallmarks of Minimal Phenomenal Consciousness in Caenorhabditis Elegans
Authors: Becerra Diego , Calixto Andrea , Orio Patricio
Published: September 2023

While subcellular components of cognition and affectivity that involve the interaction between experience, environment, and physiology —such as learning, trauma, or emotion— are being identified, the physical mechanisms of phenomenal consciousness remain more elusive. We are interested in exploring whether ancient, simpler organisms such as nematodes have minimal consciousness. Is there something that feels like to be a worm? Or are worms blind machines? ‘Simpler’ models allow us to simultaneouslyextract data from multiple levels such as slow and fast neural dynamics, structural connectivity, molecular dynamics, behavior, decision making, etc.,and thus, to test predictions of the current frameworks in dispute. In the present critical review, we summarize the current models of consciousness in order to reassess in light of the new evidence whether Caenorhabditiselegans, a nematode with a nervous system composed of 302 neurons, has minimal consciousness. We also suggest empirical paths to further advance consciousness research using C. elegans.
INIBIDORES DO FOTOSSISTEMA II: UMA PERSPECTIVA ALELOQUÍMICA
Authors: da Silva Anthony , de Souza Jéssica , de Pádua Geilly , Santos Arielly , de Vasconcelos Leonardo , Dall’Óglio Evandro , Bellete Barbara , Veiga Thiago , Vieira Lucas , Sampaio Olívia
Published: September 2023

PHOTOSYSTHEM II INHIBITORS: AN ALLELOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVE. The process of photosynthesis involves the absorption of light energy by photosynthetic pigments found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts in order to produce chemical energy. In the presence of photosynthetic inhibitors, plant development is affected mainly by the reduction of the electron chain, which leads to growth inhibition. In this context, chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence is an important technique used to identify the effects of inhibitors on the photosynthetic apparatus employing the JIP-test, which correlates the Chl a fluorescence transient to biophysical parameters, providing valuable information about the efficiency of photosystems I and II. Natural products have been highlighted as photosynthesis inhibitors due to the continued use of synthetic herbicides, which leads to the development of invasive plants resistant to these pesticides, in addition to the toxicity caused to humans and the environment. Thus, this review describes the main applications of extracts and isolated secondary metabolites obtained from plants and microorganisms in the investigation of electron transport inhibition on photosystem II.
Application of step-response lambda tuning to proportional-integral controllers in water resource recovery facilities
Authors: Gagnon Alexandria , Villez Kris , Bott Charles
Published: September 2023

Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers in water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) feedback control loops are commonplace. While simple to implement, such control loops are rarely tuned optimally or systematically. Heuristic tuning approaches are commonly applied with varying degrees of success using trial-and-error, ad hoc tuning rules, or duplication of tuning values from a similar system. However, there are effective methods, such as lambda tuning, produce acceptable tuning with limited effort. These are based on the step-response method, where a manual process perturbation is used to define the relationship between the manipulated and controlled variables. Based on such an experiment, a simple process model is constructed and used to determine the controller tuning values. In this work, we used the step-response method and lambda tuning for two control systems in full-scale WRRFs. This led to responsive and stable behavior of the controlled system as defined by the absolute average error of the controlled variable to setpoint and standard deviation of the manipulated variable. Tuning of feedback control loops can be completed successfully through a systematic approach, and this work suggests that tuning tools, like lambda, should be part of all wastewater treatment control engineers' toolbox.
Cyberbullying, cyber agressão e riscos on-line
Authors: Bozza Thais Cristina Leite , Vinha Telma Pileggi
Published: September 2023

Os problemas de convivência no meio on-line estão cada vez mais presentes na vida das nossas crianças e adolescentes, de modo que usar essa tecnologia de forma ética, consciente e positiva passou a ser uma demanda da área da educação. Muitas escolas enfrentam situações relacionadas ao uso indevido e desrespeitoso de celulares e redes sociais, envolvendo principalmente alunos, mas também educadores e familiares. Diante desse desafio, propomos o programa educativo “A Convivência Ética On-line”, para ser desenvolvido com estudantes, que pode inspirar e nortear ações educativas e preventivas das escolas que desejam trabalhar com essa temática. Neste artigo, apresentamos os problemas de convivência que atingem nossos estudantes, tais como cyberbullying, cyber agressão, riscos virtuais; e as principais características do programa para educadores que buscam estudar e desenvolver ações em busca da (ciber)convivência ética.
Cemitérios indígenas Guarani: Medidas de segurança para evitar a contaminação do solo e das águas pela percolação do necrochorume.
Authors: Fani Tambasco José Roberto , Borborema Chaché Cristiane , Siqueira Pereira Cristiane , Martins Mendonça Paloma , Ribeiro Sandro Pereira
Published: September 2023

As comunidades indígenas Guarani no Estado do Rio de Janeiro realizam a inumação dos seus membros em seus territórios tradicionais. A manutenção deste costume ritual é assegurada pela Constituição Federal de 1988, no entanto não há normatização específica pelo órgão público responsável. Os corpos humanos em decomposição geram um líquido denominado necrochorume, que através da percolação no solo torna-se um agente de condução para elementos químicos letais como a putrescina e a cadaverina, além de proporcionarem a difusão de bactérias e vírus, que poderão contaminar as fontes hidrominerais. A utilização de medidas de segurança para evitar esta contaminação, seja pela preservação do meio ambiente, seja pela garantia da integridade da saúde e, sobretudo, suas vidas, é um direito fundamental destes povos indígenas regulamentado de acordo com a norma ambiental para cemitérios, descrita na Resolução CONAMA nº 335 de 03/04/2003. Outros meios biodegradáveis também podem ser utilizados na realização dos sepultamentos como por exemplo: filtros biológicos, pastilhas e mantas absorventes para filtrar e tratar o necrochorume.  Neste estudo referencial abordaremos alguns meios de prevenção e controle com a finalidade de auxiliar às autoridades competentes no desenvolvimento de medidas de segurança e de conscientização no combate dos danos ambientais e de saúde causados pelo necrochorume nas inumações efetuadas em territórios indígenas.
desafios dos relacionamentos amorosos de mulheres mastectomizadas
Authors: Damasio de Oliveira Maria Vittória , Ribeiro Juliana Fernandes de Souza
Published: September 2023

O diagnóstico de câncer de mama e suas alternativas de tratamento provocam na mulher inúmeras repercussões psicológicas que se apresentam de forma única e subjetiva a cada caso. Através de uma revisão de literatura, este estudo se propõe a apresentar os desdobramentos da realização da mastectomia na vida da mulher, considerando que tal procedimento cirúrgico representa a retirada de um órgão carregado de simbolismo de sexualidade. Diante disso, faz-se necessário pensar acerca dos sentimentos ambivalentes que podem se instaurar na mulher devido ao desejo de manutenção de sua vida que custa a mutilação da mama, compreendida em alguns casos como representação da castração de sua feminilidade, e também a respeito das repercussões nas relações afetivas e sexuais dessas mulheres com seus parceiros. Por meio de uma articulação teórica da temática com a obra “O nó e o laço – desafios de um relacionamento amoroso” de Alfredo Simonetti, a presente pesquisa aponta uma possibilidade de afrouxar os "nós", advindos da doença, e refazer os laços da relação do casal através da conversa amorosa.
palco da precarização nos holofotes da narrativa e do estilo
Authors: Andrade Jhone Ricardo , Hergesel João Paulo
Published: September 2023

La Voz Laboral foi um esquete cômico produzido pelo canal espanhol EITB, que faz alusão ao mundo do trabalho contemporâneo. Neste artigo, objetivou-se elencar conexões entre os elementos da obra e o atual contexto das relações de trabalho no mundo capitalista. Para isso, realizou-se uma leitura descritivo-interpretativa ancorada na combinação das análises narrativa e estilística – recorrendo a Todorov (1972), Butler (2010) e Rocha (2014) – com discussão teórica no campo econômico e laboral, com base em Krein (2013), Pereira e Cintra (2014), Mason (2017) e Antunes (2005). Os resultados apontaram que a correlação entre o reality show parodiado e o perfil predatório do mundo do trabalho sugere efeito de surpresa e, ao mesmo tempo, sentimento de familiaridade e identificação.
Contributos da enfermagem para o autocuidado da pessoa com estomia intestinal
Authors: Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Santo Fátima Helena do Espírito , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira , Cirino Hosana Pereira , Teixeira Juliano Miranda , Christiny Amorim dos Santos Larissa
Published: September 2023

O paciente com estomia intestinal enquadra-se na categoria autocuidado por desvio a saúde e demanda uma assistência apropriada e tem que se conscientizar dos efeitos e dos resultados de estados patológicos, executar medidas terapêuticas e buscar aceitação de si como estando em um estado especial de saúde e dessa forma promover o seu desenvolvimento. Frente ao exposto, objetiva-se descrever as complicações, as repercussões da estomia intestinal na vida do paciente e as intervenções de enfermagem necessárias junto aos pacientes submetidos a esse procedimento. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS, no período de 2010 a 2021. Os estudos analisados evidenciam que entre os pacientes com estomas um cuidado inadequado pode resultar em diferentes complicações, principalmente do coto exposto e da pele ao redor, como as dermatites. Em relação às repercussões no cotidiano do paciente com estoma, se sobressaiu nos achados dos resultados analisados a dificuldade no retorno ao trabalho e ao convívio social. Quanto às intervenções de Enfermagem, destacou-se a educação em saúde por promover os cuidados específicos com o estoma objetivando, assim, alcançar o autocuidado, a independência e a autonomia, por ser uma estratégia que estimula o diálogo, a reflexão, o questionamento e a ação compartilhada. Na sequência, tem-se a prestação de uma assistência integral e um cuidado holístico para reinserção social do paciente e retorno às atividades cotidianas, sobretudo o trabalho; e o oferecimento de um sistema de suporte e apoio para ajustamento psicológico e adaptação a nova condição.
Palavras-chave: Estomia Intestinal; Assistência de Enfermagem; Autocuidado.
Assistencia de Enfermagem e Qualidade de Vida da Mulher Climaterica
Authors: Cardoso Luana Martins , Silva Geisa Sereno Velloso da , Gomes Elisangela do Nascimento Fernandes , Souza Alessandra da Silva , Silva Eliara Adelino da , Tavares Marilei de Melo
Published: September 2023

O climatério marca uma fase de mudanças significativas na vida mulher, tendo influencia  na qualidade de vida, tanto pelo aspecto físico quanto pelo emocional. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetivou entender a assistencia de enfermagem na qualidade de vida da mulher climatérica. O estudo foi caracterizado como pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter descritivo, com base no levantamento de dados nas bases BVS, Lilacs, BDENF, e também no portal Periódicos Capes nas bases Scielo Brasil, DOAJ e PubMed. Com base na literatura encontrada, foram selecionados 6 artigos publicados entre 2017 e 2022, obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Com base na discussão, verificou-se o papel do enfermeiro na intervenção da saúde da mulher climatérica. A atenção voltada para a mulher no climatério requer formação continuada no que tange a abordagem da mulher climatérica, cabendo à enfermagem a conscientização e educação em saúde, além do cuidado clínico.

Palavras-Chave: Climatério; Atenção Primária; Enfermagem; Saúde da Mulher.
Modelos assistenciais em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva: revisão integrativa
Authors: Da Silva Gomes Andréa , Diniz Samanta Oliveira da Silva , Tonini Teresa
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Identificar e analisar as evidências científicas sobre os modelos assistenciais em unidades de terapia intensiva. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando a questão norteadora “Quais são os modelos assistenciais mais prevalentes em unidades de terapia intensiva?". A coleta de dados ocorreu em outubro de 2021, nas bases de dados: PUBMED, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS) na Medline Lilacs e BDEnf. Foram encontrados 100 artigos sendo 47 na PUBMED, 46 na Medline, 4 Lilacs e 3 na BDENF. Os artigos foram estruturados em quadro descritivo contendo título, país de publicação, ano, periódico, tipo de estudo, modelo assistencial e os principais resultados. Resultados: Analisou-se 10 artigos, observando o seguinte panorama: 60% de publicações americanas, os demais 40% distribuídos entre os países de Singapura, Escandinávia, Austrália e Espanha. Em relação à abordagem metodológica, os artigos apresentaram 20% de pesquisas quantitativas e 80% qualitativas. Encontrou-se diferentes modelos assistenciais, com destaque para o Primary Nursing. Conclusão: Em todos os artigos analisados, o enfermeiro foi identificado como mola propulsora da assistência diferenciada, com compromisso, envolvimento teórico, olhar holístico e humanizado promovendo satisfação do paciente e familiares, além de contribuir para redução do custo institucional.
Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem; Modelos de Assistência à Saúde; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva; Cuidados de Enfermagem.
Reinternação Não-Planejada em Cirurgia Geral em um Hospital Universitário do Município do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ferraz Adalto Rocha , Silva Maristela Freitas , Almeida Priscila Francisca
Published: September 2023

O presente estudo pretendeu investigar as causas da reinternação não-planejada do paciente submetido a procedimento cirúrgico, tendo como objeto de estudo os motivos da reinternação. Definiu-se como objetivo geral, investigar as causas da reinternação não-planejada. E por objetivos específicos, identificar o perfil do paciente que é submetido a reinternação, descrever as principais causas de reinternação e analisar se a reinternação está relacionada a alguma complicação cirúrgica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória de abordagem quantitativa, realizada em enfermaria de cirurgia geral e proctologia de um Hospital Universitário de grande porte e alta complexidade, situado no município do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de busca nos prontuários de pacientes que tenham sido submetidos à cirurgia eletiva e que sofreram nova internação no mesmo hospital no período de até 30 dias após receber alta hospitalar, com um recorte temporal de 06 meses. Os dados coletados foram analisados com abordagem quantitativa sob forma de dados numéricos e técnicas estatísticas para classificá-los. Foram identificados 14 pacientes que reinternaram segundo os critérios do estudo, em sua maioria mulheres, com média de idade de 64,5 anos e residentes no Rio de Janeiro, sendo as neoplasias os diagnósticos mais encontrados na 1ª internação e, em relação as reinternações, a maioria foram devido a complicações gerais e outras por complicações específicas. Este estudo aponta a necessidade de novas investigações e análise das reinternações de modo a orientar a melhoria da qualidade da assistência ao paciente.
Palavras-chave: Readmissão do Paciente; Complicações Pós-Operatórias; Hospitalização.