bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium 2012 Annual Report Card
Authors: Pettis Heather M. , Hamilton Philip K.
Published: January 2023

The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) remains one of the most endangered large whales in the world. Over the past two decades, there has been increasing interest in addressing the problems hampering the recovery of North Atlantic right whales by using innovative research techniques, new technologies, analyses of existing databases, and enhanced conservation and education strategies. This increased interest demanded better coordination and collaboration among all stakeholders to ensure that there was improved access to data, research efforts were not duplicative, and that findings were shared with all interested parties. The North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium, initially formed in 1986 by five research institutions to share data among themselves, was expanded in 1997 to address these greater needs. Currently, the Consortium membership is comprised of representatives from more than 100 entities including: research, academic, and conservation organizations; shipping and fishing industries; whale watching companies; technical experts; United States (U.S.) and Canadian Government agencies; and state authorities. North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium members agreed in 2004 that an annual “report card” on the status of right whales would be useful. This report card includes updates on the status of the cataloged population, mortalities and injury events, and a summary of management and research efforts that have occurred over the previous 12 months. The Board’s goal is to make public a summary of current research and management activities, as well as provide detailed recommendations for future activities. The Board views this report as a valuable asset in assessing the effects of research and management over time.
Myocardial strain parameters and autonomic balance in various variants of the postinfarction course in patients receiving high-dose atorvastatin therapy
Authors: Oleinikov V. E. , Golubeva A. V. , Barmenkova Yu. A. , Kulyutsin A. V. , Burko N. V. , Lukyanova M. V. , Donetskaya N. A.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To study parameters of left ventricular (LV) strain and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in various variants of postinfarction receiving high-dose atorvastatin therapy.

Material and methods. The study included 96 patients with STEMI. All patients underwent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring with HRV analysis. The included individuals were divided into groups without pathological LV remodeling (R (-), n=57) and with pathological post-infarction LV remodeling (R (+), n=39), the criterion for which was an increase in end-diastolic and/or end-systolic volume >20% and >15%, respectively. Further, depending on the achievement of target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (1,5 mmol/l and/or a decrease of more than 50%), the following subgroups were identified: 17 (43,6%) people, who reached target LDL-C levels (group 1), 22 (56,4%) patients, who did not reach target LDL-C levels (group 2). Similar subgroups were identified in the R (-) group as follows: 28 (49,1%) people, who reached target LDL-C levels (group 3) and 29 (50,9%) people, who did not reach target LDL-C levels (group 4).

Results. Starting from the 12th week of follow-up, worsening of global longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (GCS), and radial (GRS) strain (p<0,01) was registered in group 2. In group 1, worsening of these parameters was registered only by the 48th week (p<0,01). In group 3, an increase in GLS was revealed by the 48th week (p=0,001), GCS and GRS — by the 12th week (p<0,05). In group 4, favorable changes were observed only in GLS and GCS by the 48th week (p<0,01). A significant change in HRV parameters was observed in group 3. By the 48th week, there was an increase in temporal indicators (SDNN, SDNNi, SDANN, RMSSD, pNN50) (p<0,0001) and total spectrum power (p=0,0001) due to an increase in all frequency indicators (p<0,001), while the index of autonomic balance L/H decreased by 33% (p=0,002). In group 4, only SDNN, SDANN and pNN50 (p<0,05), as well as the total spectrum power (p=0,001) increased, but no change in frequencies. According to intergroup analysis in the acute period of STEMI, group 4 patients had higher HRV than in group 3 (p<0,05).

Conclusion. High-dose atorvastatin therapy improves LV strain characteristics and autonomic balance during the rehabilitation period after STEMI.
New opportunities for identifying the risk of cardiovascular events in young people: the role of familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Emelyanchik V. S. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Emelyanchik E. Yu. , Protopopov A. V.
Published: January 2023

A search was made for publications on modern methods for determining cardiovascular risk in young people with positive family history for early cardiovascular events. The use of various screening options allows timely identification of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia who have a high cardiovascular risk. The most effective method is cascade screening. Cardiovascular risk assessment systems that include a family history of early cardiovascular events and lipid profiles in individuals under 40 years of age provide prevention of atherosclerosis. In the diagnosis of risk, the lipoprotein (a) is of particular clinical importance, elevated concentrations of which are associated with a high risk of vascular damage and an unfavorable course of atherosclerosis.
The Role of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Autoimmune Diseases: Similarities and Differences Compared with Cancer
Authors: Kaur Kawaljit , Chen Po-Chun , Ko Meng-Wei , Jewett Anahid
Published: January 2023

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) immunoinhibitory receptor expression is found on T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid cells. Upon activation of T cells through peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) engagement of the T cell receptor and costimulatory signaling, checkpoints including PD-1 are activated to regulate T cells. Since decreased expression of PD-1 in mice model was found to be associated with breakdown of peripheral tolerance, and demonstrated autoimmune disease characteristic, this receptor may be important therapeutic target for autoimmunity. In addition, decreased NK cell numbers and cytotoxicity in peripheral blood and altered expression of activating receptors and cytokine secretion of NK cells was seen in autoimmune disease patients. Therefore, in this review we discuss the relevance of PD-1 function in NK and T cells in autoimmunity, and demonstrate similarities and differences of its function in autoimmune diseases and cancer. Thus, PD-1 can be targeted to treat each disease entity accordingly. In cancer, the function of PD-1 can be blocked in order to enhance immune activation, whereas in autoimmune diseases it can be enhanced to block heightened immune function. However, we are far from understanding the exact functioning of this receptor in a complex tissue microenvironment, and further studies are required to establish its function at different stages of the disease, and at different stages of the maturation of immune effectors.
CONDENSATION HEAT-TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT USING STEAM-ETHANOL MIXTURES ON A HORIZONTAL BANK OF TUBES
Authors: Ali Hassan , Kamran Sajid , Farukh Farukh , Saleem Wajid , Batool Samna , Jivani Saqib
Published: January 2023

Significant heat-transfer enhancement using steam-ethanol mixtures can be obtained as compared to that of pure steam. Due to addition of small concentrations of ethanol, the condensate mode resembles that of typical dropwise condensation on a hydrophobic surface. Surface tension instabilities, also known as Marangoni phenomenon, take place when small amounts of ethanol are added to pure steam. It has been investigated extensively for the case of single tubes. However, it is difficult to extrapolate single-tube data to banks of tubes due to the complex nature of three-dimensional flows and interactions between vapor and liquid. In this paper, data are presented for condensation of pure steam as well as for steam-ethanol mixtures on a horizontal bank of tubes at atmospheric pressure. Present pure steam data are validated by comparing with earlier data and theoretical models available in literature. Condensation of steam-ethanol mixture was investigated using five concentrations of ethanol by mass in the boiler when cold prior to startup, i.e., 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1% at vapor velocity of 3.2 and 3.7 m/s. On the top rows maximum heat-transfer enhancement of around 4 and 2.5 times was obtained using ethanol mass fraction of 0.05 and 1.0%, respectively.
Vision Freed from Frozen Cyclops: Interacting with Visual Media, an Artistic, Critical and Technical Practice Exploring Spatial Depth
Authors: Watkins Julie
Published: January 2023

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The SNB-FRB-BIS High-Level Conference on Inflation Risk and Uncertainty
Authors: Cascaldi-Garcia Danilo , Londono Juan M. , Wilson Beth Anne
Published: January 2023

Uncertainty about inflation has risen considerably across the globe since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lack of clarity about how far inflation might fall during the depths of the pandemic gave way to concerns about inflationary pressures as demand surged and supply was constrained throughout 2021.
Bad News, Good News: Coverage and Response Asymmetries
Authors: Gambetti Luca , Maffei-Faccioli Nicolò , Zoi Sarah
Published: January 2023

We study the dynamic link between economic news coverage and the macroeconomy. We construct two measures of media coverage of bad and good unemployment figures based on three major US newspapers. Using nonlinear time series techniques, we document three facts: (i) there is no signifi cant negativity bias in economic news coverage. The asymmetric responsiveness of newspapers' coverage to positive and negative unemployment shocks is entirely explained by the effects of these shocks on unemployment itself; (ii) consumption reacts to bad news, but not to good news; (iii) bad news is more informative to the agents and affects their expectations more than good news.
An Analysis of The Effects of The Early Mathematics Intervention Program on Early Mathematics Skills of Pre-School Children at Risk
Authors: YAZICIOĞLU Tansel , AKDAL Deniz
Published: January 2023

Supporting all children, particularly children with special needs, in the field of mathematics is important for their development. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement the necessary early intervention programs in relation to mathematics education. Studies indicate that early mathematics education intervention programs provide an increase in children’s mathematical knowledge levels improving their mathematics performance. It is also reported that such programs are effective in increasing the mathematical achievement of children at risk and that their effects may last for a longer time. Therefore, it is considered important to support the mathematics skills of the children in the risk group with early mathematics intervention programs, to identify the children whose mathematical skills are deficient or who have not acquired these skills sufficiently in the early period. In this study the is aim to reveal the effectiveness of an intervention program developed in relation to the early mathematics skills to improve such skills of children in the pre-school period between 60-72 months of age, who are in the risk group in terms of mathematics skills. In this study, the multiple probe model inter-subjects, which is one of the single-subject research models, was used. The participants of the study were three kindergarten students from three different schools in Kırşehir, Türkiye. The study was carried out in the special education center located in the said city. The data collection tool is an early mathematics intervention program developed for teaching early mathematics skills. When we look at the findings obtained from the study in general, it appears that the early mathematics intervention program was effective in improving the early mathematics skills of all three students. For this reason, priority should be given to supporting the development of early mathematics skills in all children attending pre-school education institutions.
Reflections on the Value of Mixed Focus Groups with Adult Learner Research Participants: Exploring Gender Disparities and Gendered Relationships
Authors: TAWANA Xoliswa , ROMM Norma
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this article is two-fold. Firstly, we consider whether the setting up of mixed-gender focus group sessions has the potential as a research process to contribute to transforming people’s understandings of their gendered relationships. Secondly, we relate our discussion to the question of the mutability of stereotypical thinking in the context in question, taking into account the idea that cultures in different contexts can be seen as “in the making” through the way in which people together create meaning. We explain how the first author of the article organized focus groups which were mixed in terms of gender with the purpose that the adult learner participants could develop their perceptions as they related to each other around the topic of gender inequalities.). The sessions were conducted in two adult learning Centers located in a rural and an urban area respectively – Xola and Zodwa – within the Cacadu District of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Two mixed focus groups took place in 2016 (one in each Center, with 19 females and 5 males altogether), and a follow up took place in 2018, to further discuss recommendations. In 2022, another set of focus group sessions was arranged in the same Centers, with 10 females and 6 males who were asked to participate and agreed. As part of a related discussion on gendered relationships, they were asked specific questions regarding how they understood the value of the mixed-gender conversations. Results from the various sets of groups suggest that focus groups can indeed help people to explore and rethink gender disparities and to think of ways forward in terms of enriched understandings. We recommend that mixed-gender focus group sessions should be regarded by researchers as a potential space to fruitfully set up a way for people to develop their sense of interdependence in their social relations.
Factors Associated with Unused Medicine Occurrences in Long-term Care Facilities
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Jang Sunmee , Kang Cinoo
Published: January 2023

As the number of elderly living in long-term care facilities increases, unused medicines are also increasing. This study investigated the status of unused medicines in long-term care facilities and the factors affecting it. Using National Health Insurance Claims Database(NHICB) and Long-term Care Insurance Claims Database(LTCHCD), 137,309 people who lived only in long-term care facilities and took prescription drugs in 2019 were analyzed in this study. Most of them were prescribed by the clinic (41%), and the days per prescription were 25 days in average. Only 1.8% of prescriptions were from tertiary general hospitals, but the days per prescription reached 85 days, accounting for 67% of prescriptions for more than 60 days. The average age of long-term care facility residents was 84.8 years, and 22.6% of them deceased in 2019. 33.7% of the subjects had unused medicines. The days of unused medicines due to duplication in pharmacologically equivalent groups were 13 days in average. The average days of unused medicine due to death were comparatively longer, which was 75.5 days. Unused medicine costs were about 0.9% of the total pharmaceutical expenditures and 77.8% of the costs was caused by death. Unused medicines increased as the number of outpatient visits increased (Relative Risk (RR): 1.14) or when the days per prescription were long (RR: 1.16). Older adults who died were 15 times more likely to have unused medicines than those who were alive. The amount of unused medicines in long-term care facilities is substantial, so it is necessary to establish appropriate policies to reduce it.
Differences in Framing Effects in Decision-Making in India and Germany
Authors: Berger Thomas , Ollig Tim
Published: January 2023

Framing effects are well known and can have severe consequences for organizations and individuals alike. From an international management perspective, it is important to know how cultural differences influence potential framing effects. Framing studies use mostly catastrophic examples, such as diseases, rather than real-life examples from businesses. In addition, the potential cultural mechanisms behind framing effects have not yet been analyzed with two samples from India and Germany. Our research focuses on a case study incorporating risk information framed both negatively and positively. We conducted surveys in Germany and India to collect data. Participants were asked how much they would pay to settle a hypothetical case, and in a second question if they would enter into a settlement for a stipulated amount of money. We found cultural influences stemming from differences in collectivism in each country. However, the role of risk numeracy and cognitive reflection was not clear.
Role of Institutional Integration in Economic Integration: An Examination for India in the Framework of BRICS
Authors: Singh Chingshubam Manimohon , Khan Nasir Ahmed , Singh Mayengbam Lalit
Published: January 2023

Regionalism has been popular in the twentieth century since the post-war period. Article XXIV of GATT provides opportunities for many countries across the world to form regional economic integration. It has been witnessed that such integration yields greater trade openness and deepening of the relationships among the countries in the agreement. The present paper deals with the impact of successive summits on bilateral trade openness and the deepening of India with the members of BRICS. This paper employs sophisticated econometric tools such as Granger Causality tests to check whether institutional integration causes the economic integration of India with the other members of BRICS. Further, the paper also examines trade creation and diversion of intra BRICS trade using a partial equilibrium tool called SMART.
ADAY ÖĞRETMENLERİN HİZMET ÖNCESİ EĞİTİM İLE KİŞİSEL MESLEKİ YETKİNLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜL İbrahim , KÖSE Hakan Süleyman
Published: January 2023

Öğretmen niteliğinin artırılmasında en önemli unsurlardan birisi hizmet öncesi eğitimin kalitesinin artırılmasıdır. Başarılı bir öğretim elemanı kadrosuna sahip eğitim fakültelerinde, eğitim programlarının etkili uygulanması ve öğretmen adaylarına yeterli düzeyde uygulama imkânı sağlanmasıyla böyle bir kaliteyi yakalamak mümkündür. Kişisel mesleki yetkinlik bireyin kişisel çabaları sonucu elde edilen, hizmet öncesi eğitimle ilişkisi olmasına rağmen daha çok bireyin mesleğini icra ettiği süre içinde kazanılan bilgi ve becerilerdir. Bir bakıma kişinin kendisini mesleki bakımdan yetkin görmesidir. Bu iki kavram bir öğretmenin işini başarılı olarak yerine getirmesinde özel bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı aday öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi eğitime ilişkin algıları ile kişisel mesleki yetkinliklerine ilişkin algılarının ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Kazu ve Demiralp tarafından geliştirilen (2017) Kişisel-Mesleki Yetkinlikler Algı Ölçeği ile Kozikoğlu ve Senemoğlu’un ( 2018) Hizmet Öncesi Eğitimin Yeterliğine İlişkin Öğretmen Algı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma evrenini Şırnak ilinde 2019-2020 öğretim yılında göreve başlayan aday öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada küme ve tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri normal dağılım gösterdiği içi parametrik testler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre aday öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi eğitimlerine ilişkin algıları iyi düzeyde iken kişisel mesleki yetkinliklerine ilişkin algılarının yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Öğretmen görüşleri branş ve sendikalı olma değişkenlerine göre farklılık gösterirken diğer değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemektedir. Aday öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi eğitimlerine ilişkin algıları ile kişisel mesleki yetkinliklerine ilişkin algıları arasında ters yönlü yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Bulgu aday öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi eğitimlerinin niteliğinin artırılması halinde onların kişisel mesleki yetkinlik ihtiyaçlarının azalacağı biçiminde yorumlanmıştır. Öğretmenlerin kişisel mesleki yetkinliklerinin artırılmasına yönelik önlemler alınması önerilmiştir.
Murciélagos en el Valle de Aburrá
Authors: Muñoz Javier , Lopera Adalberto , Ramírez Oscar
Published: January 2023

Se hizo un estudio taxonómico de los murciélagos que habitan en el Valle de Aburrá tanto en zonas urbanas como rurales. Además, se relacionaron estos quirópteros con la zona y el hábitat donde fueron capturados. Se discutió la abundancia de especies en el área estudiada con todas las reportadas para el país.El trabajo se realizó entre 1979 y 1980. En esta región fueron capturados y estudiados murciélagos pertenecientes a 13 especies, agrupados taxonómicamente en 12 géneros, 6 subfamilias y 3 familias, todos pertenecientes al suborden Microchiróptera, orden Chiróptera.
Algunos aspectos acerca del metabolismo de maduración de ovocitos de anfibios en Bufo marinus
Authors: Sánchez Carlos Ramiro
Published: January 2023

Especímenes de Bufo marinus de zonas tropicales, colectados entre marzo de 1981 y septiembre de 1982, no presentan una época de reproducción definida, sino períodos de mayor reproducción entre los meses de junio y septiembre, observándose un alto número de especies con ovocitos maduros durante diferentes épocas del año. Ovarios en diferentes estados de maduración exhiben correlación con parámetros allí comparados como: el peso del animal y del ovario que define el grado de madurez; el consumo del oxígeno en diferentes estados de maduración; la actividad de algunas enzimas del metabolismo de carbohidratos y la síntesis de proteínas. El consumo de oxígeno y la actividad enzimática, muestran correlación inversa con la madurez ovárica. La síntesis de proteínas aumenta durante el proceso de maduración.
Estudio florístico de un bosque en el municipio de San Luis (Antioquia)
Authors: Hoyos M. Saulo E. , Hernández O. Juan J. , Albert de Escobar Linda
Published: January 2023

Este estudio se realizó en el municipio de San Luis, Antioquia, en una zona de bosques de un área aproximada de 25 kilómetros cuadrados, atravesada por la autopista Medellín-Bogotá, entre los ríos Samaná y Claro. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: primero, estudiar los usos de las principales especies arbóreas maderables de importancia económica de San Luis, y segundo, realizar un inventario florístico. Respecto a las maderas se estudiaron27 especies con relación a sus diversos usos en la región. En el inventario florístico se recolectaron 427 especies, que representan 84 familias de Pteridofitas (Selaginelas, Licopodios y Helechos) y Espermatofitas (Angiospermas: Monocotiledóneas y Dicotiledóneas). De las 427 especies, 21 son primer registro para la flora de Colombia, y 10 de las 21 son especies nuevas para la ciencia.
Como escribir y publicar un artículo científico
Authors: Roldán P. Gabriel
Published: January 2023

“El hombre de ciencia parece ser la única persona que tiene algo importante que decir, pero no sabe cómo decirlo” – Sir James Barrie.Por interesante o espectacular que sea un experimento científico, este no estará completo hasta que sus resultados sean publicados. El consejo Federal de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Estados Unidos dice que “La publicación de los resultados de una investigación es parte esencial del proceso investigativo”.
Mapa de tres genes ligado al cromosoma en Drosophila
Authors: Zuleta B. Margarita
Published: January 2023

Con el descubrimiento de la existencia de más genes que cromosoma, se llegó a la conclusión de que cada cromosoma debe contener muchos genes. Por lo tanto, se espera que los genes localizados en un mismo cromosoma se transmitan ligados de una generación a otra como un único grupo y a este se le llamó grupo de ligamiento. Es así como cada par de cromosomas constituye un grupo de ligamiento y deben existir tantos grupos como pares de cromosomas homólogos tenga una especie (Ej: 4 grupos de ligamiento en Drosophila melanogaster, puesto que tiene 4 pares de cromosomas; 23 grupos de ligamiento en humanos).
Regulación genética en eucariotes
Authors: López Néstor
Published: January 2023

A pesar de los adelantos efectuados recientemente en Biología Molecular en el campo de la regulación genética, aún no se ha podido comprender en los organismos eucariotes el control de un gen como se conoce el operón lac en Escherichia coli (Miller, Resnikoff, 1978).De los resultados obtenidos se puede notar que en los eucariotes no existen modelos de regulación genética comparables al operón, sino más bien un número de “puntos de control” que están esparcidos a lo largo de todo el genoma.
Efecto de las aves anidando sobre la vegetación
Authors: Uribe Alicia
Published: January 2023

Este estudio se realizó en un bosque de pino rojo (Pinus resinosa) localizado en el condado de Clearwater, Minnesota, Estados Unidos, en el parque Estatal de Itasca, donde la Universidad de Minnesota posee una estación biológica. El bosque estaba parcialmente ocupado por aves (Ardea herodias herodia) las cuales anidaban sobre los pinos. Los árboles ocupados estaban muertos o casi muertos y el área bajo estos estaba desnuda de vegetación y cubierta con gran cantidad de excrementos de las aves. En caso de encontrase vegetación, la diversidad era muy baja comparada con áreas no afectadas por las aves.
Importante - Nota sobre aves migratorias
Authors: Biología Revista
Published: January 2023

Durante el verano de 1981 y 1982, el Dr. Hans Blokpoel (del Servicio Canadiense de la Fauna Silvestre), marcó en colores los Tirra medio Cuchillo (Sterna hirundo), en dos colonias del área de los Grandes Lagos en Canadá.
Algunos aspectos sobre la metodología en la enseñanza de la genética
Authors: Bedoya G.
Published: January 2023

Los grandes avances logrados en el campo de las ciencias biológicas a partir de la década de los 50, han sido aplicados no sólo para demostrar las interrelaciones en cuanto a estructura y función entre seres vivos, tan alejados filogénicamente como pueden serlo un protozoo y un mamífero o una bacteria y un primate, sino también para buscar criterios unificadores en términos generales constantes para todos los sistemas que se consideren vivos.
Pandemik Covid-19, Norma Baharu dan Cabaran Wartawan Berita Kesihatan di Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Malaya, Amdan Rohana , Abdullah Fadli ,   Universiti Malaya, Md Syed Md Azalanshah ,   Universiti Malaya
Published: January 2023

Pandemik Covid-19 telah mengubah rutin kehidupan manusia kepada suatu norma yang baharu. Perubahan tersebut mencetuskan pelbagai implikasi dan perselisihan pandangan dari sudut agama, sosial, peradaban, profesionalisme, dan hak asasi sejagat. Industri media dan kerjaya kewartawanan tidak terkecuali malahan turut menerima tempias kekangan ekonomi, pengurangan kakitangan sehingga membawa kepada penutupan agensi berita. Pematuhan terhadap Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan dan Prosedur Operasi Standard (SOP) norma baharu yang diperkenalkan telah disesuaikan dengan norma semasa yang akhirnya membawa kepada perubahan bilik berita dan rutin kerja wartawan. Kajian ini berbentuk penerokaan yang meneliti kerjaya wartawan berita kesihatan di Malaysia menyesuaikan aspek profesionalisme, norma kerja dan teknologi mereka ketika bertugas dalam situasi pandemik. Berdasarkan temu bual mendalam dengan wartawan, sub-editor dan editor berita kesihatan dari pelbagai agensi berita, kajian ini mendapati bahawa mereka mampu menyesuaikan diri dengan perubahan dan keadaan semasa serta menanam norma fleksibiliti tanpa membelakangkan etika profesional. Dalam masa yang singkat, wartawan berita kesihatan dilihat mampu untuk bertindak dengan mengatur kerja secara jarak jauh atau dari rumah, perjumpaan dengan sumber berita secara dalam talian dan memperkukuhkan struktur bilik berita digital menerusi komunikasi maya dan aplikasi media sosial. Wartawan berita kesihatan di Malaysia juga dilihat mempunyai aspirasi dan jati diri yang tinggi dalam kerjaya mereka dengan meletakkan keutamaan kepada tanggungjawab sosial berbanding kebimbangan peribadi terhadap virus Covid-19. Kata kunci: Norma baharu, cabaran, Covid-19, wartawan berita kesihatan, budaya bilik berita.
Development of Malaysian Driver Anger Scale (MDAS): A Pilot Survey and Reliability Analysis
Authors:   Smart Driving Research Centre, Faculty Of Civil Engineering And Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Rosli Naida , Ambak Kamarudin ,   Smart Driving Research Centre, Faculty Of Civil Engineering And Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Osman Sharifah ,   Behaviour Analysis and Valuation Unit, Malaysian Institute, Malaysian Institute Road Safety Research, Malaysia, Suryo Putranto Leksmono ,   Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tarumanagara, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: January 2023

Anger is a negative emotion and able to present problems on the road because it can cause aggressive driving, violation and can lead to risk of road accidents. Malaysia is one of the countries that records highest number of accident due to aggressive driving. Therefore, this study has proposed Malaysian Driver Anger Scale (MDAS) which is suitable in the context of driving culture in Malaysia by modifying instrument driving questionnaire anger scale (DAS) introduced by Deffenbacher et al. (1994). This study identified research gaps of Driving Anger Scale (DAS) by doing a literature review. Initially, this study attempted to find a suitable primary theory model to describe anger among drivers. After DAS was selected as a reference theory model, this study tried to find out DAS study applied in Malaysia in order to figure out how well this theory model used in Malaysia. Then, based on previous studies, this study drafted a questionnaire and proposed MDAS. Pilot test was run to identify the weaknesses of items in the set of the survey form and to determine the reliability internal consistency of items. A Questionnaire form was selected as an instrument and scoring were based on a 5 point Likert scale. This study was conducted among drivers in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat Johor. A 30 voluntary respondents were selected to answer the survey form. They were approached face to face to determine the weaknesses of items in the set of the survey and all the weaknesses or errors in the survey form were recorded for improvement. All data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) to gain Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. The pilot test result analysis showed Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for DAS (Discourtesy α = .922; Traffic Obstruction α =. 902; Hostiles Gestures α = .896; Slowly Driving α = .838; Police Presence α = .927; Illegal Driving α = .906) and Road Accident Risk Factor (α = .776) is acceptable. Only the Psychological Effect (α = .576) showed less satisfactory Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. Therefore, this study will modify all the items with less satisfactory results in addition to seeking advice from the expert. This study will proceed with future work by interviewing respondents who have experiences related to road bullying to gather more information on anger driving in Malaysia.
Development of a Magnetic Field Probe for Near-Field Measurement
Authors:   Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Kai Loon Goh , Baharuddin Mohd Hafiz ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: January 2023

Current electronic circuits are characterised by their compact design of miniaturisation; however, such a feature has also contributed to the rise of electromagnetic compatibility issues. This study introduces a technique to develop a magnetic field probe for near-field measurement. The probe aims at performing the debugging of electromagnetic interference on an integrated circuit. Certain processes, such as designing a microstrip line in simulation and a prototype for the validation as well as developing a functional magnetic field probe for near-field scanning and calibration measurement to determine the probe factor, have been performed under a frequency domain. The microstrip line model is built both as a simulation and a real prototype, and the handcrafted loop probe is developed with the same diameter as a commercial probe. Calibration measurement is set-up with a vector network analyser (VNA) to capture the magnetic field on radiated plane. The performance of the handcrafted probe in terms of measuring the configuration of the H-field source on the scattering region is conducted. Two types of measurements which are S11 and S21 will be conducted using a VNA. The comparison of the S11 and S21 results against simulation results are plotted using MATLAB. S11 represents the return loss of the microstrip line while S21 represents the power received by the magnetic field probe relative to power input to the microstrip line. The results of the S11 parameter indicate that the customised microstrip line board has a similar waveform pattern that matches the one on the simulation model. The S21 results for the handcrafted probe revealed that it can only function well up to the frequency of 2.644 GHz, the abnormal result obtained after the frequency mentioned. Some factors may have affected the results, such as material loss, fabrication tolerance and interferences from other devices. Therefore, calibration measurement is conducted under a less reflected radiation environment, and the designated substrate should be a perfect material correlated with the measurement.
Effect of Oxidation Stability on the Fuel and Storage Properties of Balanites Aegyptiaca Biodiesel
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria, Usman Abdulyakin , Ahmad Rufai Ibrahim ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
Published: January 2023

Biodiesel prepared from Balanites aegyptiaca oil, through transesterifcation process, has promising potentials for use as fuel for diesel engines. However, there is limited information regarding the physical and chemical stability of this biodiesel during storage. In view of the aforementioned, this study was carried out in order to determine the oxidation stability as well as the extent of deterioration of Balanites aegyptiaca biodiesel during storage. Storage stability study was carried-out for three (3) months with the view to investigate the effect of oxidation on the biodiesel. The induction period and storage stability parameters were determined in accordance with official standard methods. The Balanites aegyptiaca biodiesel was found to have an induction period of 66 minutes. The storage stability study shows that: the peroxide value increased from 1.4 mEq/kg to 9.4 mEq/kg; cetane number increased from 50.42 to 52.48; while acid value increased from 0.11 mgKOH/g to 0.36 mgKOH/g. In addition, changes were observed in: saponification value from 215.99 mgKOH/g to 220.19 mgKOH/g, kinematic viscosity from 4.7 mm2/sec to 5.0 mm2/sec at 40˚C and density from 887 kg/m3 to 897 kg/m3 at 15˚C. The iodine value and lower heating value decreases from 68.53 gI2/100g to 55.84 gI2/100g and from 37.5 MJ/kg to 36.2 MJ/kg respectively during the storage period. However, despite the variations observed during the storage, the parameters were still within the ASTM and European specification standards for biodiesel. The result suggests that the Balanites aegyptiaca biodiesel may be stored for up to three months without losing its fuel properties.
The Effect of Inflow and Infiltration on the Strength of Municipal Wastewater
Authors:   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Bachi Nur Aina , Syed Mohd Fuat Syarifah Amirah Huda ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Ahmad Hisam Huzaifah ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, M Hanafiah Zarimah ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Al-Ani Ibrahiem ,   National Center for Water Resources Management, Ministry of Water Resources, Iraq, Panirselvam Lavaniya ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdullah M Zuraimi ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdullah Nor Azura ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Wan Mohtar Wan Hanna Melini ,   Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: January 2023

Inflows and infiltrations are a common phenomenon in the sewerage system in our country. This is due to weather factors and high rainfall distribution in Malaysia. Therefore, infiltration rates are also expected to be high through manholes. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of infiltration and inflow on wastewater strength from municipal areas with a population of 1000 PE. Modeling using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software is used to determine the rate of infiltration and inflow of rainwater into sewers as well as the rate of decay of pollutant loads such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Ammonia (NH3) in a sewer system involving 17 manholes. The results in this modeling are the infiltration rate for each catchment area and the decay rate of the total pollutant load. As for the infiltration rate, the catchment area is divided into three, namely S1, S2 and S3, where S1 contains the lowest amount of infiltration compared to S2 and S3 which is 1.27 mm/h for 10%, 1.36 mm/h for 15% and 1.45 mm/h for 20%. In addition, the total pollutant load produced for the 12 hours of simulation conducted for COD is 160-180 kg with a total decay occurring around 0.10-0.29% while Ammonia produces a pollutant load of 140-160 kg with a consistent decay rate and does not give substantial reduction to Ammonia. The results show that the infiltration that occurs does not affect the velocity of wastewater but affects the strength of wastewater which can cause the concentration of wastewater to decrease.
Data Collision and Interference Minimization in Wireless Sensor Network using Node Data Addressing with Random Access Time
Authors:   Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia, Sainuddin Nurulidayu , Mohd Sultan Juwita ,   Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia, Idris Fakrulradzi ,   Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia, Azuani Mohd ,   Balai Bomba dan Penyelamat Jalan Kubu, Melaka, Malaysia
Published: January 2023

A wireless sensor network (WSN) refers to a spatially dispersed network of sensors that monitor and collect environmental data and forward the collected data to the central station. WSN has been widely used in daily life and industrial applications, ranging from surveillance, military, healthcare, habitat monitoring, and agriculture application. However, WSN that uses radiofrequency (RF) communication may suffer from noise and interference caused by two or more radios that uses the same frequency. Data collision is also expected within the wireless network especially when numerous sensor nodes are transmitting their data to the base station (BS) through a shared medium. Hence, this research contributes in mitigating the RF interference and data collision in the network to increase the network’s data reliability by using the concept of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol where each sensor node will be transmitting their data at a different time to avoid collision and interference in the shared medium. However, in this research, each sensor node will access the channel or the transmission medium at a random time. To prove the concept of the proposed method on data collision and interference minimization, an Internet of Things (IoT) based wireless sensor network for alerting application will be designed and implemented in the fire station. It has been found from the experimental result that RF interference and data reliability in the network can be reduced by 90% with the proposed algorithm by allowing the sensor node to access the RF channel and transmit the data at a random time.
2022 Reviewer Thank You
Authors: Editors
Published: January 2023

Hungarian Communication Studies Association and the KOME editorial team would like to express their gratitude to all who reacted positively to our invitation and participated in the peer review process. We are indebted to you, to your patience and generousity for letting us take some of your precious time. Your expertise is much appreciated and your efforts in providing thorough reviews and valuable comments are among the key reasons KOME is continuing to be a successful journal recognised by the international scientific community. For this, as well as for reasons concerning accountability and transparency, we would like to publicly recognize all 23 reviewers who reviewed, in 2022, at least one manuscript submitted to KOME:
METHODICAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVNESS OF THE PROMISING MODELS IMPLEMENTATION OF PERSONNEL TRAINING OF STATE BORDER GUARD SERVICE OF UKRAINE: THE EFFECTIVE ASPECT
Authors:   National Academy of the State Border Service of Ukraine, Borovyk O.V. , Borovyk L.V. ,   National Academy of the State Border Service of Ukraine
Published: January 2023

At present, military education has a number of important tasks, including: the development of military science and the training of personnel based on NATO principles and standards; training of officers, sergeants and non-commissioned officers according to Euro-Atlantic standards; transformation of military education, which is based on the acquisition of new educational and professional competencies by servicemen; transition to programs that are compatible with the programs of educational institutions of NATO member states and NATO partner countries. The fulfillment of certain tasks should be ensured by the subjects of the security and defense sector of Ukraine, including the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGS). Recently, scientists and the leadership of the SBGS have paid considerable attention to improving the departmental education system. The result of the study of its condition, ways and mechanisms of improvement was the Concept of transformation of educational training of SBGS staff, which developed promising models of educational training of students studying at different levels of higher education and specialties. However, the decision on the feasibility of implementing the proposed promising models involves assessing their effectiveness from different positions, in particular, legal, personnel, financial and so on. Of particular importance is the evaluation of the performance aspect. It should be noted, however, that such an assessment is currently lacking and, most problematically, there is no understanding of how it can be carried out. The article develops a methodical approach to assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of promising models of educational training of SBGS staff from the standpoint of performance. At its substantiation technologies of formation of the improved programs of frontier and military preparation of the personnel within the limits of realization of perspective models of educational preparation of the personnel of SBGS, formation of the list (complex) of tasks which are capable to solve divisions of protection of the state border (PODK). tasks that can be solved by PODK. In addition, a preliminary assessment of the results of the implementation of programs for the preparation of promising models.