bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiomic sequencing of paired primary and metastatic small bowel carcinoids
Authors: Postel Mackenzie D. , Darabi Sourat , Howe James R. , Liang Winnie S. , Craig David W. , Demeure Michael J.
Published: October 2023

Background: Small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs), also called “carcinoids,” are insidious tumors that are often metastatic when diagnosed. Limited studies on the mutational landscape of small bowel carcinoids indicate that these tumors have a relatively low mutational burden. The development of targeted therapies will depend upon the identification of mutations that drive the pathogenesis and metastasis of SI-NETs.

Methods: Whole exome and RNA sequencing of 5 matched sets of constitutional tissue, primary SI-NETs, and liver metastases were investigated. Germline and somatic variants included: single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions/deletions (indels), structural variants, and copy number alterations (CNAs). The functional impact of mutations was predicted using Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor.

Results: Large-scale CNAs were observed including the loss of chromosome 18 in all 5 metastases and 3/5 primary tumors. Certain somatic SNVs were metastasis-specific; including mutations in ATRX, CDKN1B, MXRA5 (leading to the activation of a cryptic splice site and loss of mRNA), SMARCA2, and the loss of UBE4B. Additional mutations in ATRX, and splice site loss of PYGL, led to intron retention observed in primary and metastatic tumors.

Conclusions: We observed novel mutations in primary/metastatic SI-NET pairs, some of which have been observed in other types of neuroendocrine tumors. We confirmed previously observed phenomena such as loss of chromosome 18 and CDKN1B. Transcriptome sequencing added relevant information that would not have been appreciated with DNA sequencing alone. The detection of several splicing mutations on the DNA level and their consequences at the RNA level suggests that RNA splicing aberrations may be an important mechanism underlying SI-NETs.
Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy: an explorative case-control study with viral metagenomic analyses on Onchocerca volvulus
Authors: Hadermann Amber , Jada Stephen Raimon , Sebit Wilson J. , Deng Thomas , Bol Yak Y. , Siewe Fodjo Joseph N. , De Coninck Lander , Matthijnssens Jelle , Mertens Inge , Polman Katja , Colebunders Robert
Published: October 2023

Background: A high prevalence of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) has been observed in onchocerciasis-endemic areas with high ongoing Onchocerca volvulus transmission. However, the pathogenesis of OAE remains to be elucidated. We hypothesise that the O. volvulus virome could be involved in inducing epilepsy. With this study, we aim to describe the O. volvulus virome and identify potential neurotropic viruses linked to OAE.

Methods: In Maridi County, an onchocerciasis endemic area in South Sudan with a high prevalence of OAE, we will conduct an exploratory case-control study enrolling 40 persons aged 12 years and above with palpable onchocerciasis nodules. Cases will be participants with OAE (n=20), who will be age- and village-matched with controls without epilepsy (n=20). For each study participant, two skin snips at the iliac crest will be obtained to collect O. volvulus microfilariae, and one nodulectomy will be performed to obtain adult worms. A viral metagenomic study will be conducted on microfilariae and adult worms, and the O. volvulus virome of persons with and without OAE will be compared. The number, size, and localisation of onchocerciasis nodules in persons with and without OAE will be described. Moreover, the pre- and post-nodulectomy frequency of seizures in persons with OAE will be compared.

Ethics and dissemination: The protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Antwerp and the Ministry of Health of South Sudan. Findings will be disseminated nationally and internationally via meetings and peer-reviewed publications.

Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT05868551 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05868551)

Protocol version: 1.1, dated 09/05/2023
Fitness AfteR Oesophagectomy (FARO): study protocol for an external pilot trial of the impact of rehabilitation on quality of life after surgery for oesophageal cancer
Authors: Prasad Pooja , Macdonald Jillian , Maier Rebecca , Cherlin Svetlana , Maxwell Julie , Aure Crystal-Mira , Daly Jeremy , Wahed Shajahan , Greystoke Alastair , Phillips Alexander W.
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Curative treatment of gastro-oesophageal cancer encompasses surgery and peri-operative chemo(radio)therapy. Oesophagectomy carries significant morbidity and mortality with an adverse impact upon patients’ quality of life (QoL). Advancements in oncological treatment and surgical techniques have resulted in incremental prognostic gains with increasing focus on survivorship and optimising QoL. Despite enhanced recovery pathways, patients receive no assistance to improve physical functioning and QoL in the recovery period following hospital discharge. Post-operative rehabilitation has demonstrated improvement in physical fitness and psychosocial wellbeing among other cancer subtypes. There is a need to develop rehabilitative interventions that improve and restore patients’ QoL following an oesophagectomy. The aim of the FARO (Fitness AfteR Oesophagectomy) pilot trial is to determine if a pragmatic, patient-directed rehabilitation programme following oesophagectomy improves patients’ QoL.

Methods

The FARO study is a prospective, single-centre, parallel group, open-label, two-arm pragmatic randomised controlled external pilot trial that will run over 24 months. The trial aims to recruit 60 patients undergoing oesophageal cancer surgery. Patients will be randomized to receive standard clinical care or post-operative rehabilitation (alongside standard clinical care) in a 1:1 ratio. The rehabilitation intervention encompasses a 12-week home-based programme with weekly step-count targets, completion of resistance exercises and dietary monitoring. The primary outcome is patients’ health-related quality of life (assessed by the EORTC QLQ-C30 and OG-25 questionnaires). Secondary outcomes include cardiopulmonary fitness, functional impact of sarcopenia and biochemical nutritional markers. Outcomes are measured at baseline (at discharge from hospital post-oesophagectomy), 6 weeks, 3- and 6 months post-surgery.

Discussion

This external pilot trial aims to assess if a patient-directed rehabilitation programme following oesophagectomy restores and improves patients’ HR-QOL and recovery of physical functioning. Further, the trial aims to obtain adequate pilot data to plan a future definitive UK-wide trial of perioperative rehabilitation following oesophagectomy.

Trial registration number: ISRCTN Registry ISCRTN73024784; Pre-results
Mechanisms and Channels of Influence of the Green Economy on the Development of Corporate Finance in the US and the EU
Authors: Yagov A. , Gordienko M.
Published: October 2023

The study examines the impact of the green economy on the development of corporate finance in the US and the EU. The importance of the green economy is emphasized in the context of changing the paradigm of business practices and business models in the analyzed countries, where a significant emphasis is placed on digital technologies and ESG factors. The authors note that the transition to sustainable development and infrastructural development of environmentally friendly industries is impossible without the active intervention of the state. The mechanisms of the influence of the green economy on corporate finance are discussed, including regulation, fiscal policy, increasing operational efficiency, developing the product line, strengthening the brand and goodwill of the company, as well as the formation of green ecosystems. In addition, the phenomenon of greenwashing is revealed, as well as the process of developing international reporting standards in the field of sustainable development. The main channels of influence on strengthening the trend of sustainable development are listed and characterized. Emphasizes the importance of a green economy to increase the resilience of companies and create strategic advantages.
Forming an Innovation Ecosystem of Automobility
Authors: Saginov Yu.
Published: October 2023

Innovative distributed economy models form new approaches to transport and logistics services for individual users and organizations in large cities. The article presents a conceptual approach to the formation of a digital ecosystem of automobility-as-a-service, examines the sequence and main stages of the ecosystem formation, its participants and the principles of their interaction to improve the sustainability and efficiency of urban logistics.
Straumar, stjórnleysi og stefnurek. Hvað er til ráða?
Authors: Sigurgeirsdóttir Sigurbjörg
Published: October 2023

Almennt er litið svo á að stefna sé mörkuð með lagasetningu eða ákvörðun stjórnvalda og að fagfólk og stofnanir geri þar lítið meira en að framfylgja markaðri stefnu, þ.e. að koma stefnunni í framkvæmd. Þá er það jafnframt útbreidd trú og víða reyndar tekið sem viðtekin hefð innan stjórnsýslunnar að ráðherra ákveði en embættismenn gefi einungis ráð (ministers decide - officials advise (Fowler, 1991; Smith, 1999)). Þessi afstaða hentar óneitanlega báðum aðilum; hún styrkir þá ímynd að ráðherrann sé ákveðinn og áreiðanlegur stjórnmálamaður með skýra framtíðarsýn, en embættismaðurinn sé fyrst og fremst hlutlaus ráðgjafi sem hafi það hlutverk eitt að styðja ráðherrann og fylgja eftir fyrirmælum hans. Þótt þessi mynd af skiptingu ábyrgðar milli stjórnmálamanna og embættismanna annars vegar og milli þess að ákveða stefnu eða framkvæma hana hins vegar sé vissulega að hluta til rétt, þá gefur hún þó bæði einfaldaða og hagrædda mynd af raunveruleikanum.
Umbætur á stjórnsýslunni í kjölfar hrunsins
Authors: Matthíasson Pétur Berg
Published: October 2023

Megin tilgangur þessarar greinar er að veita yfirlit yfir þær umbætur sem gerðar hafa verið á stjórnsýslunni í kjölfar hrunsins. Þetta er m.a. gert með því að fara yfir helstu úttektir og rannsóknir sem gerðar hafa verið á stjórnsýslunni. Stjórnhættir innan stjórnsýslunnar eru skoðaðir sérstaklega og reynt að leggja mat á það hvernig íslensk stjórnsýsla stendur í raun og veru. Til þess að meta stöðuna eru niðurstöður tveggja nýlegra rannsókna skoðaðar, annars vegar skýrsla rannsóknarnefndar Alþingis (RA) og hins vegar alþjóðleg rannsókn á stjórnháttum sem gerð var með aðkomu Alþjóðabankans. Í greininni er reynt að ná utan um þær aðgerðir sem stjórnvöld hafa farið út í og framkvæmt frá hruni, þ.e.skipulagsbreytingar, sameiningar, breytt verklag, siðvæðingu o.fl. Þetta er m.a. gert með því að greina helstu lagabreytingar. Í lokin er farið í stuttu máli yfir það hvað bíður stjórnvalda nú, bæði frumvörp sem bíða afgreiðslu Alþingis sem og framkvæmd ýmissa tillagna sem lagðar hafa verið fram á síðustu mánuðum og snúa að starfsháttum Stjórnarráðsins. Íslensk stjórnsýsla er á tímamótum og stefnubreyting er að eiga sér stað í átt að aukinni samhæfingu og samstarfi í anda hugmynda um samhæfða eða samhenta stjórnsýslu (joined-up government eða whole-of-government perspective). Engu að síður munu aðferðir og hugmyndir nýskipunar í ríkisrekstri enn vera til staðar þó breyting verði á nokkrum lykilþáttum,s.s. valddreifingu og ábyrgð sem talið er að skerpa þurfi á í kjölfar hrunsins.
Umbætur á ákvæðum um úthlutun þingsæta
Authors: Helgason Þorkell
Published: October 2023

Reifaðar eru hugmyndir um breytingar á þremur lykilatriðum við úthlutun þingsæta í kjölfar kosninga til Alþingis. Allar rúmast hugmyndirnar innan ramma núgildandi stjórnarskrár og væri því unnt að innleiða þær með breytingum á kosningalögum einum. Fjallað verður um það hvernig tryggja megi fullan jöfnuð milli þingflokka en á því varð misbrestur í kosningunum 2013. Um leið er vísað til kröfu margra, m.a. alþjóðastofnana, um að jafna þurfi vægi atkvæða eftir búsetu og bent á leiðir til þess. Að lokum er lýst því stærðfræðilega vandamáli sem felst í útdeilingu jöfnunarsæta. Viðfangsefnið er í flokki erfiðra fléttufræðilegra vandamála. Stungið er upp á nýrri aðferð sem tilbrigði við núgildandi lög.
Carl Bernstein og Bob Woodward: All the President´s Men: 30th Anniversary Edition
Authors: Sigurfinnsson Heiðar Örn
Published: October 2023

Þann sautjánda júní árið 1972 voru fimm jakkafataklæddir menn handteknir við innbrot í höfuðstöðvar Demókrataflokksins í Watergate byggingunni í Washington borg. Þeir höfðu meðferðis mikið magn hundrað dollara seðla og hlerunartæki sem þeir hugðust koma þar fyrir. Þetta var upphafið að Watergate málinu. Í minnisbókum sem fundust á innbrotsþjófunum fannst á tveimur stöðum nafn Howards Hunt sem hafði unnið fyrir Hvíta húsið. Eftir að hafa komist á snoðir um tengsl milli innbrotsþjófanna og Hvíta hússins eyddu fjölmiðlamenn næstu misserum í að upplýsa um hver fyrirskipaði hvað í Watergate málinu, hver vissi hvað og hvenær. Fremstir í flokki fjölmiðlamanna fóru Bob Woodward og Carl Bernstein, blaðamenn á Washington Post sem flettu ofan af mörgum einstaklingum og athöfnum sem tengdust Watergate.
Sigrún Aðalbjarnardóttir: Virðing og umhyggja - ákall 21. aldar
Authors: Bjarnason Þóroddur
Published: October 2023

Fagstétt grunnskólakennara á talsvert undir högg að sækja á Íslandi. Lág laun kennara virðast endurspegla takmarkaða virðingu opinberra aðila fyrir því starfi sem unnið er í grunnskólum landsins og kennsla á grunnskólastigi felur í sér umtalsverða lífskjarafórn fyrir háskólamenntaða kennara og fjölskyldur þeirra. Flótti reyndra kennara úr stéttinni, æ færri nýnemar í kennaranámi og hækkandi meðalaldur starfandi kennara mun því að líkindum leiða til alvarlegs ástands í skólum landsins á komandi árum. Kjarasamningar undanfarinna ára hafa jafnframt skert faglegt sjálfstæði stéttarinnar með aukinni viðveruskyldu, nákvæmum útlistunum á einstökum starfsþáttum og auknu valdi skólastjórnenda yfir símenntun og endurmenntun kennara.
Kristín Jónsdóttir: "Hlustaðu á þína innri rödd" - Kvennaframboð í Reykjavík og Kvennalisti 1982-1987
Authors: Einarsdóttir Þorgerður
Published: October 2023

Sérstök kvennaframboð eru ekki séríslensk leið í stjórnmálum en saga íslensku kvennaframboðanna er sérstök að því leyti að hún er yfirgripsmeiri og árangursríkari en í flestum öðrum löndum. Með bókinni "Hlustaðu á þína innri rödd" um Kvennaframboð í Reykjavík og Kvennalista 1982-1987 hefur mikilvægur hluti íslenskrar stjórnmálasögu verið settur á blað. Sú saga fjallar ekki bara framboðshreyfingu kvenna, hún fjallar um pólitíska hugmyndafræði og aðferðir, vinnubrögð, grundvallarhugmyndir um lýðræði og pólitískt siðferði. Móttökur samfélagsins, flokkanna og fjölmiðlanna segja merkilega sögu um íslensk stjórnmál, hvað taldist "alvörupólitík" og hvað ekki. Allt framangreint verðskuldar sérstaka umfjöllun en hér verður einungis stiklað á stóru.
Jónína Einarsdóttir og Þórdís Sigurðardóttir (ritstjórar): Afríka sunnan Sahara í brennidepli
Authors: Atladóttir Ólöf Ýrr
Published: October 2023

Ánægjulegt hefur verið að fylgjast með því hvernig áhugi Íslendinga á málefnum þróunarlanda virðist hafa aukist á undanförnum árum. Fjölmiðlar hafa og tekið við sér; algengt er að fjallað sé um hin fátækari ríki heims á síðum dagblaða og í ljósvakamiðlum. Þróunarmál eru í deiglunni. Yfirbragð þeirra upplýsinga sem við höfum fengið hefur þó ekki breyst alveg í takti við aukið magn þeirra: Enn ber sú mynd sem dregin er upp af mannlífi í Afríku sunnan Sahara einkum keim af allsleysi og örbirgð, örvinglun og kröm. Enn er okkur innrætt sú hugmynd að í Afríku búi einsleitt fólk án menningarsérkenna og okkur er lítt veitt innsýn í sérkenni mismunandi ríkja í álfunni og ótölulegra þjóðflokka, ríkrar flóru tungumála og nýtingu margbreytilegs náttúrufars. Of oft virðist okkur ætlað að fella þann tæpa milljarð manna sem álfuna byggir undir hatt almennrar staðalmyndar af "Afríku".
Óskar Guðmundsson, sagnfræðingur: Snorri - ævisaga Snorra Sturlusonar 1179-1241
Authors: Guðmundsson Guðmundur J.
Published: October 2023

Í umsögn gagnrýnanda kemur meðal annars eftirfarandi fram:

Hér er saman kominn mikill fróðleikur, ekki bara um Snorra Sturluson heldur einnig samtímamenn hans og sögu þjóðarinnar á þessum örlagatímum, enda er höfundur meðal fróðustu manna um íslenska miðaldasögu. ...greinargott yfirlit um efni Sturlungu og annarra fornrita á því tímabili sem Snorri kemur þar við sögu. Sturlunga er óneitanlega harla óárennileg við fyrstu sýn og því gæti verið góður kostur fyrir þá sem vilja kynna sér efni hennar að lesa Snorra áður en menn hella sér út í lestur á Sturlungu sjálfri.
Nanobomb optical coherence elastography in multilayered phantoms
Authors: Hatami Maryam , Nevozhay Dmitry , Singh Manmohan , Schill Alexander , Boerner Paul , Aglyamov Salavat , Sokolov Konstantin , Larin Kirill V.
Published: October 2023

Many tissues are composed of layered structures, and a better understanding of the changes in the layered tissue biomechanics can enable advanced guidance and monitoring of therapy. The advent of elastography using longitudinally propagating shear waves (LSWs) has created the prospect of a high-resolution assessment of depth-dependent tissue elasticity. Laser activation of liquid-to-gas phase transition of dye-loaded perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanodroplets (a.k.a., nanobombs) can produce highly localized LSWs. This study aims to leverage the potential of photoactivation of nanobombs to incudce LSWs with very high-frequency content in wave-based optical coherence elastography (OCE) to estimate the elasticity gradient with high resolution. In this work, we used multilayered tissue-mimicking phantoms to demonstrate that highly localized nanobomb (NB)-induced LSWs can discriminate depth-wise tissue elasticity gradients. The results show that the NB-induced LSWs rapidly change speed when transitioning between layers with different mechanical properties, resulting in an elasticity resolution of ∼65 µm. These results show promise for characterizing the elasticity of multilayer tissue with a fine resolution.
Coral reefs, cloud forests and radical climate interventions in Australia’s Wet Tropics and Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Sovacool Benjamin K. , Baum Chad M. , Low Sean , Fritz Livia
Published: October 2023

Given the inadequacy of current patterns of climate mitigation, calls for rapid climate protection are beginning to explore and endorse potentially radical options. Based on fieldwork involving original expert interviews (N = 23) and extensive site visits (N = 23) in Australia, this empirical study explores four types of climate interventions spanning climate differing degrees of radicalism: adaptation, solar geoengineering, forestry and ecosystems restoration, and carbon removal. It examines ongoing efforts to engage in selective breeding and assisted adaptation of coral species to be introduced on the Great Barrier Reef, as well as to implement regional solar geoengineering in the form of fogging and marine cloud brightening. It also examines related attempts at both nature-based and engineered forms of carbon removal vis-à-vis ecosystem restoration via forestry conservation and reforestation in the Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area, and enhanced weathering and ocean alkalinization. This portfolio of climate interventions challenges existing categorizations and typologies of climate action. Moreover, the study identifies positive synergies and coupling between the options themselves, but also lingering trade-offs and risks needing to be taken into account. It discusses three inductive themes which emerged from the qualitative data: complexity and coupling, risk and multi-scalar effects, and radicality and governance. It elucidates these themes with an attempt to generalize lessons learned for other communities around the world considering climate interventions to protect forests, preserve coral reefs, or implement carbon removal and solar geoengineering.
Genetics of vegetarianism: A genome-wide association study
Authors: Yaseen Nabeel R. , Barnes Catriona L. K. , Sun Lingwei , Takeda Akiko , Rice John P.
Published: October 2023

A substantial body of evidence points to the heritability of dietary preferences. While vegetarianism has been practiced for millennia in various societies, its practitioners remain a small minority of people worldwide, and the role of genetics in choosing a vegetarian diet is not well understood. Dietary choices involve an interplay between the physiologic effects of dietary items, their metabolism, and taste perception, all of which are strongly influenced by genetics. In this study, we used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify loci associated with strict vegetarianism in UK Biobank participants. Comparing 5,324 strict vegetarians to 329,455 controls, we identified one SNP on chromosome 18 that is associated with vegetarianism at the genome-wide significant level (rs72884519, β = -0.11,P= 4.997 x 10−8), and an additional 201 suggestively significant variants. Four genes are associated with rs72884519:TMEM241,RIOK3,NPC1, andRMC1. Using the Functional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA) platform and the Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA) tool, we identified 34 genes with a possible role in vegetarianism, 3 of which are GWAS-significant based on gene-level analysis:RIOK3,RMC1, andNPC1. Several of the genes associated with vegetarianism, includingTMEM241,NPC1, andRMC1, have important functions in lipid metabolism and brain function, raising the possibility that differences in lipid metabolism and their effects on the brain may underlie the ability to subsist on a vegetarian diet. These results support a role for genetics in choosing a vegetarian diet and open the door to future studies aimed at further elucidating the physiologic pathways involved in vegetarianism.
Changes in relative peripheral refraction and optical quality in Chinese myopic patients after small incision lenticule extraction surgery
Authors: Du Yuqin , Zhou Yuehua , Ding Mingwei , Zhang Mingxu , Guo Yujuan
Published: October 2023

Purpose

To observe changes in retinal refraction difference values (RDV) and aberrations after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery and evaluate their correlations.

Methods

This study recruited 112 patients (112 eyes) who underwent SMILE for myopia. Participants were classified into the Low and Moderate Myopia group (LM, -0.50 to -6.0 D) and High Myopia group (HM, >-6.0 D) according to the central spherical equivalent (SE). RDVs in the five retinal eccentricities from 0° to 10°, 10° to 20°, 20° to 30°, 30° to 40°, and 40° to 53° are recorded as RDV-(0–10), RDV-(10–20), RDV-(20–30), RDV-(30–40), and RDV-(40–53), respectively; additionally, RDVs have four sectors, i.e., RDV-Superior (RDV-S), RDV-Inferior (RDV-I), RDV-Temporal (RDV-T), and RDV-Nasal (RDV-N). With a 3-month follow-up, changes in RDV (ΔRDV) and changes in aberrations [Δtrefoil, Δcoma, Δspherical aberration (SA), and Δtotal higher-order aberrations (HOA)] after surgery were recorded.

Results

No significant differences were observed in total RDV (TRDV), RDV-(0–53), RDV-S, RDV-I, RDV-N, trefoil, coma, and SA between the two groups before SMILE surgery. However, after SMILE, hyperopic defocus values [TRDV, RDV-(20–53), RDV-S, RDV-T, and RDV-N] in the LM group and hyperopic defocus values [TRDV, RDV-(20–53), RDV-S, and RDV-N] in the HM group were significantly lower at 3 months postoperatively than preoperatively, and the RDV-(40–53), RDV-S, and RDV-N were lower in the HM group than in the LM group. Aberrations [trefoil (vertical), coma, and HOA] in the LM group and aberrations (trefoil, coma, SA, and HOA) in the HM group were significantly higher at 3 months postoperatively than preoperatively, and the coma, trefoil(horizontal), SA, and HOA were higher in the HM group than in the LM group. In the multivariate analysis, ΔRDV-(40–53) was significantly correlated with ΔSA, and ΔRDV-T and ΔRDV-N were significantly correlated with Δcoma (horizontal).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that SMILE reduces retinal peripheral hyperopic defocus but introduces some higher-order aberrations, especially in people with high myopia refractive errors.
Agricultural total factor productivity, digital economy and agricultural high-quality development
Authors: Gao Dandan , Lyu Xiaogang
Published: October 2023

The long-term and stable development of agriculture is the key to China’s economic development and social stability. Agricultural total factor productivity and the digital economy have become new kinetic energy and new engines driving agricultural high-quality development. It is of great significance to verify whether there are significant spatial and threshold effects in the process of high-quality development of agriculture and to explore the intrinsic relationship between high-quality development of agriculture and agricultural total factor productivity and digital economy. This paper takes 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 as the research object. The coefficient of variation method is used to estimate the comprehensive evaluation index of agricultural high-quality development and digital economy. And Dea-Malmquist index method is used to estimate agricultural total factor productivity. On this basis, the spatial Durbin model and threshold regression model are constructed to explore the spatial and threshold effects of agricultural total factor productivity, digital economy and other factors and high-quality agricultural development. The conclusion is as follows: the high-quality development of agriculture has significant spatial autocorrelation. Agricultural total factor productivity and digital economy have significant direct effect and indirect spillover effect on the high-quality development of agriculture. Agricultural total factor productivity has stage differences in each range of digital economy level, but its influence on agricultural high-quality development shows a positive state. Based on this, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to promote the high-quality development of agriculture.
The Role of Interleukin 6 (IL6), Cancer Antigen—125 (CA-125), and Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) to predict tumor resectability in the advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Muhammad Syamel , Azwan Reyhan Julio , Rita Rauza Sukma , Susanti Restu , Yusrawati
Published: October 2023

Introduction

A study of tumor resectability in pre-operative patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is required to predict primary surgical benefits accurately. This study aims to investigate IL6, CA-125 and HE4 to predict tumor resectability in the pre-operative patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the polyclinic, oncology and gynecology inpatient room of Dr. M. Jamil Padang Hospital from June until December 2022. Advanced epithelial ovarian cancer stage based on histology result from FIGO stages IIIB–IVA. IL6, CA-125, and HE4 were measured using ECLIA (electrochemiluminescence immunoassay). Categorical data were assessed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Numerical variable correlations were analyzed using Pearson Correlation tests. While the correlation between numerical and nominal variables was analyzed using the Eta correlation test. A p-value of <0,05 was considered a significant correlation. The cut-off value of serum IL6, CA-125, and HE4 was determined with a ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity of each clinical parameter were calculated.

Results

There was a significant difference in IL-6 (1328 vs 752 pg/ml; p<0,001), CA-125 (1260,5 vs 819,5 U/ml; p<0,001), and HE4 levels (1320 vs 760 pmol/L; p<0,001) between patients with tumor resectability of > 1 cm (suboptimal) vs < 1 cm (optimal). There was a correlation between IL6 (r = 0,832), CA-125 (r = 0,716), and HE4 (r = 0,716) with tumor resectability.

Conclusion

Measuring IL6, CA-125, and HE4 levels is useful for clinicians to predict tumor resectability in pre-operative patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
ENSINAR E APRENDER
Authors: Tassoni Elvira Cristina Martins , Alves Larissa Gabriela , Osti Andreia
Published: October 2023

Assume-se a indissociabilidade das dimensões cognitiva e afetiva e suas recíprocas influências nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. As experiências vividas mobilizam sentimentos e emoções que afetam as formas de pensar e agir. Analisa-se que sentimentos, envolvidos na relação com o ensinar e aprender, podem ser apreendidos em desenhos produzidos por estudantes do Ensino Fundamental. O método pautou-se pela análise documental, realizada em cem desenhos conforme o lugar retratado, as expressões faciais, a proximidade e os diálogos entre os personagens, fornecendo pistas sobre a qualidade da experiência de aprendizagem registrada. As interações entre ensinantes e aprendentes são fontes de afeto e influenciam os vínculos que se estabelecerão entre os estudantes e os objetos de conhecimento.
Analysis of Flood Hazard Areas due to Superelevation Using the Iber Model: Focusing on Samcheok Osipcheon
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jun Kye Won , Kim Do Jin
Published: October 2023

Climate change is leading to an increase in the frequency of natural disasters, including storms and floods. Rivers with high sinuosity are experiencing severe floods due to the heightened river discharge caused by climate change. In this study, we focused on the downstream section of the Samcheok Osipcheon basin (from 20.8km to 26km), where the lack of embankment height poses an overflow risk. We used the two-dimensional Iber model to analyze the boundary conditions of the basic river plans for comparison. Our findings reveal an average difference of 0.45m between the river comprehensive plan and the actual water level. At the high bend, the maximum water level difference was 1.25m, with a maximum superelevation difference of 1.49m. To better understand and utilize the hydraulic characteristics of the river bends experiencing superelevation, we propose the application of both one-dimensional and two-dimensional Iber models for analysis and design purposes.
Uso de inteligência artificial na detecção de plantas daninhas
Authors: Ferreira Neto Alcidino Rosa , Rosa Murilo Cruvinel , Nuñez Daniel Noe Coaguila
Published: October 2023

Atualmente as técnicas utilizadas têm surtido resultados positivos para o sensoriamento remoto devido ao baixo custo, pois tem provido soluções de mapeamento com alta resolução espacial e temporal, tendo seu grande potencial em áreas como agricultura de precisão, monitoramento ambiental, na construção civil, mineração dentre outras. Apesar dos baixos custos em relação a um aerolevantamento realizado por uma aeronave tripulada ou aquisição de uma imagem orbital com resolução espacial semelhante, o processamento de dados obtidos por Sistema de Aeronave Pilotada Remotamente (SAPR) costumam ser executados em programas comerciais. O presente trabalho, utilizou dados de um mapeamento com drone multirotor da marca DJI modelo Phantom 4 Standard foi realizado numa propriedade comercial do município de Rio Verde, distrito de Ouroana no dia 05 de Outubro de 2022 antes da semeadura da safra de soja. A propriedade está localizada nas coordenadas geográficas (-18.147623°S e -50.663644°W) e elevação de 674 m. Foi utilizado o aplicativo DroneDeploy com altura de voo de 120 m e sopreposição frontal e lateral de 80 e 75%, respectivamente. O mapeamento foi realizado em um dia parcialmente nublado, sendo estas, as melhores condições meteorológicas da época. O classificador RandomForest demonstrou-se eficiente para classificar a vegetação indesejada dentro da lavoura, porém isso foi possível a partir de uma base consistente de dados amostrais de treinamento. O uso de tecnologias com veículo aéreo não tripulado (VANT), fotogrametria, geoprocessamento e inteligência artificial de forma adequada para gerenciar a propriedade rural traz melhorias no uso de insumos agrícolas.
Influência do extrato foliar de chandala (Aloe vera L.) na germinação das sementes de soja (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Neto Fernando Francisco de Sousa , Fançony Afonso Pinto , Kimuanga Leonilda Ivanilsa Mendes Zacarias
Published: October 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi de avaliar a influência da Chandala (Aloe vera L.) na germinação das sementes de soja (Glycine max L.). O mesmo decorreu no período compreendido entre Janeiro a Setembro de 2022, no laboratório de Biologia do Instituto Superior Politécnico do Cuanza Sul, Angola. As folhas de Aloe vera foram coletadas, lavadas em água destilada, secas e sua massa determinada. O extrato hidroetanólico 50% foi produzido. O experimento foi realizado em diferentes doses de extrato, constituindo os tratamentos. O experimento de germinação, foi realizado em placas de Petri, em um delineamento em Blocos Inteiramente Casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e 15 repetições (15 placas de Petri). Os tratamentos foram: Testemunha (T0); 50% (T1); 75% (T2) e 100% (T3). Avaliou-se a percentagem de germinação (%G) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). Avaliações foram realizadas entre o quarto ao décimo quinto dia, com intervalo de dois dias. Os dados foram analisados através do programa SAS (Statistical Analysis Systems). A concentração de 100%, provocou efeito negativo e de 75% foi a mais eficiente sobre os índices avaliados. Conclui-se que, doses superiores de extratos de Aloe vera provocam destruição das reservas energéticas das sementes e consecutivamente morte sobre as plântulas.
Possible directions of increasing the efficiency of the health system through software development
Authors: Rathour Laxmi , Obradovic Dragan , Mishra Lakshmi Narayan , Mishra Vishnu Narayan
Published: October 2023

In the modern world, software is practically inevitable and present everywhere. Today, software represents the key to the success of most computer systems and at the same time the differentiation factor of the organizations that own it. Software has become an essential component in healthcare decision-making and the basis of scientific research and healthcare problem solving. The development of microprocessors enabled the widespread infiltration of computers into biomedical instruments for measuring, monitoring and displaying a number of parameters in physiology, clinic, radiology, nuclear medicine, laboratories and others. Digital communication techniques have enabled the networking of computers and the exchange of large amounts of information needed by expert systems to improve the quality of decision-making.
LLLT applications may enhance ASD aspects related to disturbances in the gut microbiome, mitochondrial activity, and neural network function
Authors: Bamicha Victoria , Salapata Yolanda
Published: October 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder constitutes a complex, elaborate, and diverse condition at a developmental, biological, and neurophysiological level. It is recognized primarily by the behavioral manifestations of the individual in communication, social interaction, and by extension in his cognitive development and adaptation to society as a whole. A wide range of studies have linked the pathophysiology of autism to dysfunctional elements in the development and function of mitochondria, cells, neurons, and the gastrointestinal microbiome. Low Light Laser Therapy (LLLT) is an innovative, emerging, non-invasive treatment method. It utilizes low levels of red light/near-infrared light positively affecting biological and pathological processes of the body by enhancing cellular, mitochondrial stimulation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and immune system development, regulating the gut microbiome's function. The retrospective literature review focuses on the possibility of effective use of the method in autism. According to the literature, LLLT does not have many applications in patients with ASD and is still in the early stages of its use in the disorder. However, the results of the studies highlight its therapeutic effect in several areas related to the disease, pointing out that it is a promising therapeutic approach for the evolution of autism in the future.
Investigating the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue using Ni/Zn co-doped Strontium Oxide nanoparticles synthesized via hydrothermal method
Authors: Zaman Shahid , Kashif Muhammad , Shah Muffarih , Hameed Abdul , Majeed Noor , Ismail Muhammad , Khan Ilyas , Ullah Saif , Khan Naqash
Published: October 2023

Excessive exposure of human to organic contaminants from industrial effluents calls for the implementation of effective pollutants removal techniques. This article investigates the photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue dye using Strontium oxide nanoparticles co-doped with Nickel and Zinc. Hydrothermal synthesis produced the nanoparticles, which were subsequently characterized using various analytical techniques. UV/Visible revealed absorption peaks at 294 nm, 306 nm, 311 nm, and 318 nm, while FTIR spectroscopy identified stretching peaks at 416 cm-1, 588 cm-1, and 856 cm-1 for Ni-O and Sr-O bonds. The nanoparticles displayed diameters ranging from 30.50 nm to 36.97 nm. EDX analysis confirmed the elemental composition, with Sr and O comprising of approximately 82.02 %, and Ni and Zn approximately 3.21%. Photocatalytic degradation experiments demonstrated that SrO nanoparticles 85.42% degradation efficiency, while co-doped SrO nanoparticles achieved an impressive 97.97% degradation efficiency. This work highlights the potential co-doped SrO nanoparticles as a promising solution for the efficient removal of organic pollutants from the industrial wastewater, addressing environment contamination concerns.
Exploring the photo-catalytic degradation of methyl orange dye using Strontium doped Bismuth oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Ahmad Taimoor , Khattak Osama Ali , Nawaz Shah , Ullah Saif , Amir Jalal , Atif Muhammad , Ali Bahar , Jamal Mansoor , Ghani Ihsan , Murad Shafaq , Raziq Abdur
Published: October 2023

Low dimensional metal oxide Nps have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive characteristics and diverse application domains. This investigation can provide further elucidation regarding the synthesis of Strontium doped-Bi2O3 efficacious photocatalysts operating under visible light, thereby potentially addressing environmental quandaries. The photoactivity of Strontium doped-Bi2O3 Nps exhibits a significantly greater magnitude when compared to that of Bi2O3 nanoparticles lacking Strontium doping. The hydrothermal method shall be employed for the synthesis of Strontium-doped Bismuth oxide in the course of preparation. A solution of NH4OH will be introduced to Bismuth nitrate and Strontium chloride. The resulting mixtures shall be subjected to vigorous stirring for a duration of 1 hour, after which they will be transferred into 100 mL autoclaves made of stainless steel and equipped with Teflon liners. These autoclaves shall then be heated to a temperature of 180 °C for a period of 6 h. The prepared samples shall subsequently undergo collection and undergo multiple washes utilising de-ionized water. In order to synthesise Strontium doped-Bi2O3 is imperative to subject the resulting compound to a subsequent calcination process at a temperature of 450° C. Infra-Red spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Visible, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), techniques shall be employed for the investigation of the crystalline structures and morphologies of the powder. The resultant specimen shall subsequently serve as a catalyst for the photolytic degradation of organic dye methyl orange under diverse illumination circumstances. UV-Visible spectroscopy shall subsequently be employed to monitor the extent of photocatalytic efficacy.
A systematic review of the effects of nutrition programmes in high schools
Authors:   Faculty of Psychology, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Almeria, Spain, Collado-Soler Rocio , Alférez-Pastor Marina ,   Faculty of Psychology, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Almeria, Spain, Trigueros Rubén ,   Faculty of Psychology, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Almeria, Spain, Aguilar-Parra José Manuel ,   Faculty of Psychology, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Almeria, Spain
Published: October 2023

Introduction/Objective: Obesity rates are reaching alarming levels. Adolescence is a critical period for the prevention of nutritional problems, as it is a time of development of one’s own eating habits. These habits will persist into adulthood, so showing adolescents healthy lifestyle patterns is important. The ideal option would be through school-based nutrition intervention programmes. The main objective of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of intervention programmes based on nutritional knowledge and the behaviour of adolescents aged 11-19 years. Method: To carry out this systematic review we employed Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science as databases and a search period that spanned the last 10 years, following the PRISMA statement. Subsequent to the search, 110 articles were found. Finally, 19 articles were selected for in-depth analysis after a thorough screening. Results: The results show that, in general, intervention programmes have improved the nutritional knowledge of high school students, which means an improvement in their eating behaviours. In addition, these programmes increase their levels of physical activity. However, gender differences are observed, with girls being more concerned about maintaining a balanced diet. Conclusion: In conclusion, schools are an ideal environment for developing programmes that interfere in adolescent eating behaviour.
AVANÇOS NAS DIRETRIZES DE BOAS PRÁTICAS DE FABRICAÇÃO DE PRODUTOS FARMACÊUTICOS ESTÉREIS
Authors: Blanco Vinícius Paccola , Lombardo Márcia , Da Silva Tatiana Oliveira , De Souza Michelle Ribeiro Estevam , Eserian Jaqueline Kalleian
Published: October 2023

A contaminação microbiológica de medicamentos representa risco significativo ao paciente, devendo o controle da contaminação microbiana abranger todas as etapas de desenvolvimento do produto. O Anexo 1 da Agência Europeia de Medicamentos (EMA) que trata das Boas Práticas de Fabricação de produtos medicinais estéreis, foi revisado em colaboração  com o Esquema de Cooperação em Inspeção Farmacêutica (PIC/S) e a  organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir os principais aspectos da revisão do Anexo 1 do EMA, comparando-os aos atos  normativos nacionais, com foco no processamento asséptico e controle de  áreas limpas para a fabricação de medicamentos estéreis. Para tanto, foi  realizada uma busca abrangente nos endereços eletrônicos de órgãos de regulação sanitária e bases de dados científicas para recuperação de material sobre o assunto. Com a publicação do Anexo 1 do EMA, existe uma  grande tendência de atualização das normas brasileiras relacionadas às boas  práticas de fabricação de medicamentos. Quando comparado aos atos  normativos atuais, a citar a RDC 658/2022 e IN 35/2019, diante da  publicação do Anexo I do EMA, pode ser observado um alto impacto  normativo, seja pelo maior detalhamento de itens importantes, seja pela introdução de novas exigências. Seguindo as premissas das Boas  Práticas de Fabricação, espera-se que os estabelecimentos aprimorem cada  vez mais os seus processos, de forma complementar às normativas, visando a mitigação dos riscos inerentes a qualquer processo de fabricação, a fim de disponibilizar medicamentos seguros e eficazes a toda a populaçã.
SATISFAÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS DO CLIENTE SOBRE A QUALIDADE DO ATENDIMENTO DE UM LABORATÓRIO CLÍNICO
Authors: Hormann Carolina Girard , Zanette Kênia Darós , Martinello Flavia
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a satisfação e perspectivas dos clientes sobre a qualidade do atendimento de um laboratório clínico privado acreditado. Um questionário de pesquisa de satisfação de clientes foi elaborado, validado e utilizado como ferramenta para avaliar a opinião de 319 participantes, selecionados aleatoriamente, em relação aos atributos da qualidade de um laboratório clínico privado. Os atributos avaliados em escala Likert foram analisados pelo ranking médio (RM) e os demais por estatística descritiva. A correlação entre os dados também foi avaliada estatisticamente. 59% dos participantes eram do sexo feminino, tinha entre 31 e 50 anos, foi ao laboratório para realizar exames de rotina e escolheu o laboratório por indicação médica. Os RM dos atributos da recepção e coleta foram, em escala Likert, superiores a 4,9. Na opinião dos clientes, o atributo que possui mais influência na escolha do laboratório clínico é a qualificação dos profissionais e o que menos interfere é a localização. Foi observado que os clientes mais velhos têm maior probabilidade de recomendar o laboratório. E que o tempo de espera é um dos pontos a serem melhorados. Ainda, 99% dos clientes estavam satisfeitos com os serviços do laboratório. Fato que não reflete, necessariamente, a qualidade técnica do laboratório, que é demonstrada pelos selos de qualidade e acreditação do laboratório clínico. Contudo, apenas 59% dos clientes relataram conhecimento do significado dos termos acreditação e selo de qualidade.
MORFOANATOMÍA COMPARADA DE DOS ESPECIES DE “JAGUARETÉ KA’A” – BACCHARIS CRISPA SPRENG. Y B. TRIMERA (LESS.) DC. (ASTERACEAE) – UTILIZADAS CON FINES MEDICINALES EN PARAGUAY
Authors: López Grau Ever José , Degen de Arrúa Rosa Luisa , González Yenny
Published: October 2023

No Paraguai, as espécies medicinais são utilizadas como preventivas ou mesmo, como curativas; elas podem tratar diferentes doenças, sendo as mais frequentes as afecções digestivas, respiratórias e crônicas. Neste contexto, encontram-se as espécies conhecidas como “jaguareteka’a” Baccharis crispa e B. trimera, que são usadas com fins medicinais no Paraguai. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar estas duas espécies através das descrições exo e endomorfológicas como aporte para a sua correta identificação. Para isso, foram feitas colheitas das espécies, do Jardim de aclimatação da Faculdade de Ciências Químicas da Universidade Nacional de Asunción, Paraguai. As mesmas foram processadas no departamento de botânica, para os estudos morfológicos e anatômicos dos caules alados de ambas espécies e elaborou-se umquadro comparativo destescarateres. Destacam-se comoprincipaiscarateres da diferenciação os seguintes: um maior desenvolvimento da região vascular no caule da B. crispa, em relação a B. trimera; por outro lado, naveia marginal de B. trimera pode-se observar uma cavidade secretora, enquanto que a veia marginal da B. crispa nãoa presenta nenhuma. Além disso, as duas espécies apresentam carateres comuns, como tricomas glandulares e aglandulares do tipo ninho. Desta maneira, determinaram-se os carateres exo e endomorfologicos dos caules alados das duas espécies estudadas, com o fim de contribuir com a identificação das espécies vegetais usadas com fins medicinais no Paraguai.
Fundación y resignificación de puertos y varaderos en el río Magdalena a inicios del periodo hispánico
Authors: Nieva Sanz Daniel Miguel
Published: October 2023

magníficos espacios para la comunicación, el comercio y la obtención recursos. En América, los cursos fluviales fueron también la principal entrada desde el mar a los territorios interiores, lo que acentuó su función como espacios de comunicación, circulación de productos y contacto. En este sentido, la presente investigación se centra en un análisis dual sobre cómo las zonas fluviales de uso portuario en el periodo prehispánico, se adaptaron para el tráfico establecido en el río Magdalena a inicios del periodo hispánico o fueron remplazadas por nuevos espacios que garantizaban la viabilidad de una comunicación estratégica para el desarrollo del Nuevo Reino de Granada.