bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Stixel world – A comprehensive representation of traffic scenes for autonomous driving
Authors: Schneider Lukas , Hafner Michael , Franke Uwe
Published: September 2018

Autonomous vehicles as well as sophisticated driver assistance systems use stereo vision to perceive their environment in 3D. At least two Million 3D points will be delivered by next generation automotive stereo vision systems. In order to cope with this huge amount of data in real-time, we developed a medium level representation, named Stixel world. This representation condenses the relevant scene information by three orders of magnitude. Since traffic scenes are dominated by planar horizontal and vertical surfaces our representation approximates the three-dimensional scene by means of thin planar rectangles called Stixel.

This survey paper summarizes the progress of the Stixel world. The evolution started with a rather simple representation based on a flat world assumption. A major break-through was achieved by introducing deep-learning that allows to incorporate rich semantic information. In its most recent form, the Stixel world encodes geometric, semantic and motion cues and is capable to handle even steepest roads in San Francisco.
Hyers-Ulam stability of first-order homogeneous linear dynamic equations on time scales
Authors: Anderson Douglas R. , Onitsuka Masakazu
Published: September 2018

We establish theHyers-Ulam stability (HUS) of certain first-order linear constant coefficient dynamic equations on time scales, which include the continuous (step size zero) and the discrete (step size constant and nonzero) dynamic equations as important special cases. In particular, for certain parameter values in relation to the graininess of the time scale, we find the minimum HUS constants. A few nontrivial examples are provided. Moreover, an application to a perturbed linear dynamic equation is also included.
Synthesis of miktoarm star-shaped and inverse star-block copolymers by a combination of ring-opening polymerization and click chemistry
Authors: Yan Xiaoqi , Li Jianbo , Ren Tianbin
Published: September 2018

Based on the combination of the “arm-first” and “core-first” strategies, the miktoarm star-shaped copolymer PLLA2PCL2 and the inverse star-block copolymer (PCL-b-PLLA)2-core-(PCL-b-PLLA)2 were designed and synthesized by the combination of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and a click reaction. The miktoarm star-shaped copolymer PLLA2PCL2 was synthesized by a click reaction of an azido macroinitiator PLLA2(N3)2 and HC≡C-PCL. The inverse star-block copolymer (PCL-b-PLLA)2-core-(PCL-b-PLLA)2 was synthesized by a click reaction of an azido macroinitiator (PCL-b-PLLA)2(N3)2 and HC≡C-PCL-b-PLLA. The structures of these star polymers were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatograph (GPC). The inverse star-block copolymer could be used to study the potential relationship between polymer structure and properties, which has a unique structure and good crystallization properties.
Analysis of Optical Wireless Communication Systems
Authors: Parmar Akshita , Sharma Abhishek , Guleria Chandni
Published: September 2018

Optical wireless communication is one of the emerging technologies. Over the last few years it has been the growing interests which have some indoor and outdoor applications. The demand for wireless communication has been growing day-by-day. With radio spectrum, there are some problems related to congestion, limitations on bandwidth as the number of users are increasing day-by-day. As a result, optical wireless communication systems are been used which provides high data rates, much higher bandwidth, unregulated spectrum and highly secured networks. In this paper a review is done on optical wireless communication. Various fields and applications are discussed like under water, space, aircrafts, light fidelity (Li-Fi), etc. Different light sources, coding schemes, modulation techniques are discussed. Also some of the challenges are discussed here.
Prognostic value of the aortic isthmus Doppler assessment on late onset fetal growth restriction
Authors: Villalaín Cecilia , Herraiz Ignacio , Quezada Maria S. , Gómez-Arriaga Paula I. , Simón Elisa , Gómez-Montes Enery , Galindo Alberto
Published: September 2018

Background

As conflicting results have been reported about the association of reversed flow on the aortic isthmus (AoI) and adverse perinatal results in fetal growth restriction (FGR), we aim to compare perinatal outcomes (including tolerance to labor induction) of late-onset FGR between those with anterograde and reversed AoI flow.

Methods

This was an observational retrospective cohort study on 148 singleton gestations diagnosed with late-onset FGR (diagnosis ≥32+0 weeks), with an estimated fetal weight (EFW) <10th centile and mild fetal Doppler alteration: umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility index (PI) >95th centile, middle cerebral artery (MCA)-PI <5th centile or cerebral-placental ratio <5th centile. Anterograde AoI flow was present in n=79 and reversed AoI flow in n=69. Delivery was recommended from 37 weeks in both groups. Perinatal results were compared between the groups.

Results

The global percentage of vaginal delivery of fetuses with anterograde and reversed blood flow was 55.7% vs. 66.7% (P=0.18) and the percentage of cesarean section (C-section) for non-reassuring fetal status was 12.7% vs. 15.9% (P=0.29), respectively. When evaluating those that underwent labor induction, the vaginal delivery rate was 67.9% vs. 77.2% (P=0.17), respectively. There were no significant differences regarding any other perinatal variables and there were no cases of severe morbidity or mortality.

Conclusion

We observed that the presence of reversed AoI flow does not worsen perinatal outcomes on fetuses with late-onset growth restriction with mild Doppler alterations. Attempt of labor induction is feasible in these fetuses regardless of the direction of AoI flow.
The Macedonian Expeditionary Corps in Asia Minor (336–335 BC)
Authors: Kholod Maxim M.
Published: September 2018

The article deals with a complex of issues connected with the campaign waged by the Macedonian expeditionary corps in Asia Minor in 336–335 BC. The author clears up the aims set for the advance-guard, its command structure, strength and composition. He also describes the relevant military operations and reveals the reasons both for the Macedonians’ successes in 336 and their failures in 335. The idea is argued that despite the final failures, it is hardly possible to say that the campaign the expeditionary corps conducted ended in its total defeat. Besides, it is noted that those military operations had major significance for Alexander’s campaign in Asia Minor in 334, because a number of preconditions for its full success had been created right in their course.
Könige, Poleis und Athleten in hellenistischer Zeit
Authors: Mann Christian
Published: September 2018

Bei der Erforschung der politischen Kommunikation in der hellenistischen Welt haben die sportlichen Wettkämpfe bislang nicht die gebührende Aufmerksamkeit erfahren. Hier setzt der Aufsatz an, der aufzuzeigen versucht, wie Könige und Poleis die Agonistik als Kommunikationsraum nutzten, um Sieghaftigkeit zu demonstrieren, Loyalität zu bekunden und Status zu verhandeln. Konkret werden drei Phänomene in den Blick genommen: die Teilnahme der Könige an den Pferde- und Wagenrennen, die Partizipation der Könige am agonistischen Ruhm anderer und die Konstituierung und Ausrichtung von Agonen durch oder mit Bezug auf Könige. Dabei werden sowohl allgemeine Muster als auch spezifische Strategien einzelner Könige und Dynastien sichtbar.
The role of predictability in shaping phonological patterns
Authors: Hall Kathleen Currie , Hume Elizabeth , Jaeger T. Florian , Wedel Andrew
Published: September 2018

A diverse set of empirical findings indicate that word predictability in context influences the fine-grained details of both speech production and comprehension. In particular, lower predictability relative to similar competitors tends to be associated with phonetic enhancement, while higher predictability is associated with phonetic reduction. We review evidence that these in-the-moment biases can shift the prototypical pronunciations of individual lexical items, and that over time, these shifts can promote larger-scale phonological changes such as phoneme mergers. We argue that predictability-associated enhancement and reduction effects are based on predictability at the level of meaning-bearing units (such as words) rather than at sublexical levels (such as segments) and present preliminary typological evidence in support of this view. Based on these arguments, we introduce a Bayesian framework that helps generate testable predictions about the type of enhancement and reduction patterns that are more probable in a given language.
Study of Pb ion adsorption on (n, 0) CNTs (n=4, 5, 6)
Authors: Li Wei , Zhao Yun , Wang Teng
Published: September 2018

Absorption of Pb ion on the (n, 0) carbon nanotube (CNT) (n=4, 5, 6) surface, pure and defected with single vacancy, is investigated based on density functional theory. Pristine (n, 0) CNTs can produce a certain degree of chemical adsorption of Pb ion. While a single vacancy is introduced, the adsorption ability of CNTs for Pb ion increases greatly, and the band gap changes significantly before and after adsorption. SV-(6, 0) CNTs have the strongest adsorption ability, and SV-(5, 0) CNTs are the potential material for the Pb ion detection sensor. It is expected that these could be helpful to the design of Pb filters and sensors.
Towards an Indexical Paradoxico-Metaphysics
Authors: Bensusan Hilan Nissior
Published: September 2018

This paper sketches a metaphysical view according to which the furniture of the universe is made of indexicals. The view draws from work in the philosophy of language and thought concerning demonstratives, proper names and other deictic operations (by Perry, Kaplan, Kripke among others). It also draws on Levinas‘ conception of the Other as beyond any substantive description. Indexicalism, as I call it, is compared with object-oriented views such as Harman‘s and Garcia‘s. Indexicalism lapses into paradox concerning totality and proves to be self-destructive. It is defended, however, as a paradoxico-metaphysics.
Encounters with Ultimacy?: Autobiographical and Critical Perspectives in the Academic Study of Religion
Authors: Hedges Paul
Published: September 2018

“Ultimacy,” it is argued, is not an area that academic studies in theology nor the study of religion can properly investigate; nevertheless, it is also illegitimate to argue therefore that claims to it are simply linguistic power plays. Using an autobiographical methodology, the author explores how their own “imagined” “mystical” experience and scholarly studies may shed light on approaching the study of religious experience, noting particularly work by Rudolf Otto, Robert Sharf, Gregory Shushan, and Ann Taves. Reflections are offered on studying religious experience, approaching ultimacy, and the relationship of theological and religious studies. Moreover, some critical and decolonial perspectives are brought to bear both on the author’s own work, academic studies, and contemporary debates around studying what may be termed “mysticism” or religious experience. The author also argues that the autobiographical and reflexive model offered herein may be a useful perspective for scholarship in the study of religion.
Encountering the Ultimate in the Bhagavad Gītā: An Experience of Pratyabhijñā (Recognition)
Authors: Long Jeffery D.
Published: September 2018

Is religious experience necessarily the product of one specific tradition? The constructivist approach to religious experience which prevails in the contemporary academy certainly suggests that this is the case. But is this not at odds with the idea of an ultimate reality that exists objectively and independently of what any given group of human beings may think about it? This paper argues that the phenomenon of religious conversion militates against the constructivist account.
Context-aware robot navigation using interactively built semantic maps
Authors: Cosgun Akansel , Christensen Henrik I.
Published: September 2018

We discuss the process of building semantic maps, how to interactively label entities in them, and how to use them to enable context-aware navigation behaviors in human environments. We utilize planar surfaces, such as walls and tables, and static objects, such as door signs, as features for our semantic mapping approach. Users can interactively annotate these features by having the robot follow him/her, entering the label through a mobile app, and performing a pointing gesture toward the landmark of interest. Our gesture-based approach can reliably estimate which object is being pointed at, and detect ambiguous gestures with probabilistic modeling. Our person following method attempts to maximize future utility by search for future actions assuming constant velocity model for the human. We describe a method to extract metric goals from a semantic map landmark and to plan a human aware path that takes into account the personal spaces of people. Finally, we demonstrate context awareness for person following in two scenarios: interactive labeling and door passing.We believe that future navigation approaches and service robotics applications can be made more effective by further exploiting the structure of human environments.
Penerapan Metode Praktikum dan Simulasi pada Materi Ekosistem di SMA Negeri 2 Bae Kudus
Authors: Saida Nadhifatu Umaru , Iswari Retno Sri , Pukan Krispinus Kedati
Published: September 2018

Teaching and Learning process through practice and simulation method direct the students to understand the concept better. This research aimed to find out the students’ achievement in the implementation of practice and simulation method on the ecosystem material as well as the students’ attitude toward the method given. The design of this research was quasi-experimental research. The population of this research was tenth-grade students of senior high school 2 Bae Kudus.The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the sample. The sample that is chosen was X MIPA 3 class (experimental class) and X MIPA 4 (Control class). Based on t-test result, the value of significance (2-tailed) amount 0,00 was obtained. Thedataof this research showed the value of significance < 0,05. It was proved that there is a significant difference on the students’ achievement between the experimental class and the control class.The students’ achievement average of the experimental class was 77,78 and the average in the control class was 57,02.Total of the students who gave the positive response toward practice and simulation method was 77,78%. The implementation of the practice and simulation method directed the students to understand the material being studied better so the students’ achievement becomes optimum.
Analysis of Students’ Knowledge Mastery and Oral Communication Skills Through the Implementation of Think-Pair-Share Model
Authors: Mustikawati Mustikawati , Susilowati Sri Mulyani Endang , Iswari Retno Sri
Published: September 2018

This research aims to analyze the influence of the model Think-Pair-Share (TPS) implementation to knowledge mastery capabilities and oral communication skills of high school students. This is an experimental quasi research with nonequivalent control group design. Population include all students of class X MIPA High School 1 Subah with sample classes X MIPA 1 as experiment class and X MIPA 2 as control class determined by purposive sampling that teacher suggested. The result of t-test shows the significant difference of average posttest grade between experiment and control classes. The increase of learning result experimental class 0,39 (mean), ie from 71,76 become 82,54 while control class 0,18 (low), ie from 70,25 become 75,34. The t-test result also shows a significant difference grade of oral communication skill between the experimental and control classes. The average score of oral communication skill of experiment 78,33, better than control 67,15. This shows that the TPS model has a positive influence on the ability of mastery knowledge and students' oral communication skills. This is supported by the good responses from students and teacher toward model TPS implementation in environmental change learning.
The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Strategy on Students’ Collaborative Skill
Authors: Putri Fiky Auliyah , Anggraito Yustinus Ulung , Alimah Siti
Published: September 2018

This research aims to analyze collaborative skill through guided inquiry strategy on cell bioprocess material and analyzerelationships of collaborative skill with student's cognitive result. Student’s collaborative skill which assessed were student’s participation in experimental activities, students’s participation in discussion activities, adaptation in grup and flexible work. This research method uses one shot case study with pre-experimental design. The subjects of this study were students of class XI MIPA 1, XI MIPA 2 and XI MIPA 3 with a total of 107 students. The collaborative skill of student’s assessed using observation, self-assessment and peer assessment. Then the results of the assessment were correlated with student cognitive study results. A total of 91.6% of students have excellent collaborative skills and 8.4% of students have good category. The correlation test results showed that there is a positive relationship between collaborative skill and student test result. It can be concluded that guided inquiry strategy is effective toward students collaborative skill and gives positive relationship between collaborative skill and student's cognitive result
SPAM1 and PH-20 are two gene products expressed in bovine testis and present in sperm
Authors: Saindon Andrée-Anne , Leclerc Pierre
Published: September 2018

Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1 (SPAM1) is a sperm protein possessing a hyaluronidase domain in its N-terminus and a zona pellucida binding domain in its C-terminus. Our previous studies showed that bovine spermatozoa potentially have 2 SPAM1 isoforms that present different C-terminal domains, different origins (testis and epididymis), and different locations in spermatozoa. In this study, two approaches were taken to characterize the different SPAM1 isoforms. First, 3’-RACE experiments were done to determine the sequence of the 3’ regions of the potential transcripts. Second, by in silico analyses, we aimed to determine whether our antibody that recognizes the N-terminal domain of SPAM1 detects two SPAM1 isoforms or two highly similar, although different, proteins. We found that the 3’ regions of SPAM1 transcripts from bovine testis and caput epididymis were identical. Nevertheless, two transcript variants that differ by 90 nucleotides, encoded by an entire exon, are expressed in both tissues. Only the protein encoded by the longest SPAM1 transcript variant was confirmed in ejaculated bull spermatozoa by mass spectrometry. In silico analyses revealed a highly similar protein to SPAM1, PH-20, that could potentially be recognized by our N-terminal antibody. The presence of PH-20 transcripts was confirmed in bovine testis and the protein is present in ejaculated spermatozoa. Our N-terminal antibody possibly recognizes both SPAM1 and the highly homologous protein PH-20 instead of two SPAM1 isoforms. Identifying the proteins implicated in the fertilization process is crucial in order to elucidate their roles and to better understand the complex process of fertilization.
Human pluripotent stem cells in regenerative medicine: where do we stand?
Authors: Nguyen Ha Thi , Jacobs Kurt , Spits Claudia
Published: September 2018

Human pluripotent stem cells have the capacity to self-renew indefinitely and the ability to differentiate into all cell types of a human body. These characteristics instill them with an enormous promise in regenerative medicine, where they could be used in cell, tissue and even organ-based replacement therapy. In this review, we discuss their potential clinical applications and the advantages and pitfalls for the different types of human pluripotent stem cells to transition from the bench to the bedside. We provide an overview of the current clinical trials, and the specific challenges we are still facing, including immune compatibility, suboptimal differentiation, risk of tumour formation and genome instability.
Clinical Application of Dietary Therapies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Rej Anupam , Avery Amanda , Ford Alexander Charles , Holdoway Anne , Kurien Matthew , McKenzie Yvonne , Thompson Julie , Trott Nick , Whelan Kevin , Williams Marianne , Sanders David Surendran
Published: September 2018

Background & Aims: Diet appears to play a pivotal role in symptom generation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). First line dietary therapy for IBS has focused on advice concerning healthy eating and lifestyle management. Research recently has focused on the role of a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), gluten free (GFD) and wheat free (WFD) diets for the relief of symptoms in IBS.Methods: A round table discussion with gastroenterologists and dietitians with a specialist interest in dietary therapies in IBS was held in Sheffield, United Kingdom in May 2017. Existing literature was reviewed. PubMed and EMBASE were searched with the MeSH terms irritable bowel syndrome/diet/diet therapy/gluten/low FODMAP in different combinations to identify relevant articles. A consensus on the application of these dietary therapies into day-to-day practice was developed.

Results: Fourteen randomized trials in IBS evaluating the low FODMAP diet (n studies = 9), GFD (n = 4) and WFD (n = 1) were included in this review. The total number of patients recruited from randomized trials reviewed was: n=580 low FODMAP diet (female, n=430), n=203 GFD (female, n=139), n=276 WFD (female, n=215). There was no significant difference in the gender of patients recruited for both the low FODMAP and GFD randomized studies (p=0.12). The response rate in the literature to a low FODMAP diet ranged between 50-76%, and to GFD ranged between 34-71%. Percentage of IBS patients identified as wheat sensitive was reported as 30% in the literature.

Conclusion: There are no head-to-head trials to date utilizing the low FODMAP diet, GFD and WFD for dietary treatment of IBS and still a number of concerns for diets, including nutritional inadequacy and alteration of the gut microbiota. The consensus suggests that there is evidence for the use of the low FODMAP diet, GFD and WFD as dietary therapies for IBS; the decision-making process for using each individual therapy should be directed by a detailed history by the dietitian, involving the patient in the process.
Clinical Predictors of Arterial Extravasation, Rebleedingand Mortality Following Angiographic Interventions in Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Mohan Prasoon , Manov John , Diaz-Bode Alexander , Venkat Sree , Langston Michael , Naidu Akash , Howse Rayna , Narayanan Govindarajan
Published: September 2018

Background & Aims: The aim of this study was to identify clinical and imaging predictors of arterial extravasation, post embolization rebleeding and 30-day mortality in gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.

Method: This retrospective study included 114 patients who underwent angiography for upper or lower GI bleeding. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify clinical and imaging predictors.

Results: Angiography demonstrated arterial extravasation in 22 patients (19%) and embolization was performed in 48 (42%) patients including prophylactic embolization in 26 (56%). Fall in hemoglobin level from baseline was an independent predictor of arterial extravasation with 65% increased odds for every unit drop (OR 1.65, 95%CI 1.13-2.40, p=0.01). Age <60 years was a negative predictor of rebleed within 30-days (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.89-1.00, p=0.04). Patients with a history of malignancy were more likely to rebleed (OR 4.4, 95%CI 1.06-18.36, p=0.04). Hemodynamic instability prior to angiography (OR 13.22, 95%CI 1.65-106.07, p=0.02), history of malignancy (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.49-10.49, p=0.01), number of units of platelets transfused (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.02-1.97, p=0.04) and rebleed after angiography (OR 46.8, 95%CI 4.80-456.14, p<0.01) were predictors of 30-day mortality. Prophylactic embolization was not a predictor of rebleed or 30-day mortality.

Conclusions: This paper identified important clinical predictors of arterial extravasation, rebleed and 30-day mortality in GI bleedings, which will assist in patient selection and help to improve the overall angiographic management of GI bleeding.
Genetic Variants in Nicotinamide-N-Methyltransferase (NNMT) Gene are Related to the Stage of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosed by Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP)-FibroScan
Authors: Hasan Eman M , Abd Al Aziz Rasha A , Sabry Dina , Darweesh Samar K , Badary Hedy A , Elsharkawy Aisha , Abouelkhair Mahmood M , Yosry Ayman
Published: September 2018

Background & Aims: Various genetic polymorphisms play a key-role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and progression to NASH with fibrosis to cirrhosis. We aimed to study the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NNMT gene, namely rs694539 and the development of different stages of NAFLD diagnosed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) of FibroScan Echosens®.

Methods: Transient elastography (FibroScan®) with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurement was performed in 81 NAFLD patients (35 of them with liver biopsy) and 80 non-NAFLD controls. The accuracy of CAP and FibroScan for the detection and quantification of hepatic steatosis/fibrosis, respectively, was assessed based on liver biopsy aspect. Genetic variants of NNMT gene rs694539 were analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Results: According to BMI (kg/m2), among the patients, 17 (21%) were overweight, 56 (69.1%) obese, and 8 (9.9%) morbidly obese. CAP and FibroScan diagnosed steatosis/fibrosis correlated significantly with liver biopsy. There was a significant association between polymorphisms of rs694539-NNMT gene and NAFLD presence and stages. The mutant type (AA-genotype) was found in 33% NAFLD patients versus 1.2% controls (P<0.001), whereas the wild type (GG-genotype) was present in 21% versus 63.8% controls (P<0.001). Moreover, the AA-genotype significantly correlated with the steatosis degree by CAP but not the fibrosis degree by FibroScan. Multivariate regression analysis of all the independent risk factors showed non-significant correlations with the degree of steatosis on CAP. However, by using a stepwise approach, waist circumference showed significance as an independent predictor of NAFLD.

Conclusions: Polymorphisms in rs694539-NNMT gene (mutant AA-genotype) could be a genetic risk factor for developing NAFLD and NASH (indicating susceptibility for progression and complications). Individuals with wild type (GG-genotype) are at less risk of NAFLD development. CAP and FibroScan efficiently diagnosed steatosis and fibrosis.
Flexible Endoscopic Treatment for Zenker’s Diverticulum – Experience on 31 Patients
Authors: Pop Anamaria , Tantau Alina , Tefas Cristian , Groza Andrei , Tantau Marcel
Published: September 2018

Background & Aims: The aim of this study is to present the experience of our center over the last 8 years in a series of patients with Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD), treated using an endoscopic, minimally invasive procedure.

Methods: We retrospectively included 31 patients with a previously established diagnosis of ZD based on endoscopic and oral contrast examinations. Patients’ age, comorbidities, size of the diverticulum or previous endoscopic treatment were not considered exclusion criteria. A soft, flexible diverticuloscope to expose the septum and a dual knife for “cutting” the diverticular septum were used. We analyzed the short term efficacy based on symptomatic relief and occurrence of side effects, and long term efficiency at 6 and 12 months by clinical assessment, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and oral contrast media passage.

Results: Patients had a mean age of 67 years (range 42-86); 55% of them were male. All patients reported symptom relief after the procedure. A decrease of more than 70% from the initial size of the diverticulum was noted. There were 3 cases (9.67%) of intraprocedural hemorrhage, endoscopically managed. No serious post-procedural complications and no mortality were reported. The mean procedural time was 21.87 minutes (range 15-25 minutes). Average hospitalization was 2.5 days. Five patients developed recurrence and needed a second session of endoscopic treatment for achieving complete myotomy.

Conclusions: Endoscopic management for ZD was efficient and safe in our series of patients. A short hospitalization period was required.
Excited State Molecular Parameters Determined by Spectral Means
Authors: Dorohoi D. O.
Published: September 2018

The possibility to characterize the electronic excited state of a spectrally active molecule based only on the solvatochromic study of electronic absorption spectra is demonstrated. The values of the regression coefficients given the contribution of universal interactions to the spectral shift and their theoretically established dependences on the solute molecule microscopic parameters are used. The values of the dipole moment, polarizability, and ionization potential in the ground electronic state of a spectrally active molecule are established by quantum mechanical methods. Two azo dye molecules are chosen in order to exemplify this method.
Enhancement of Squeezing and Entanglement in a Non-Degenerate Three-Level Cascade Laser with Coherently Driven Cavity
Authors: Abebe T.
Published: September 2018

We study a nondegenerate three-level cascade laser coupled to a two-mode vacuum reservoir, by employing the stochastic differential equations associated with the normal ordering. The amplification of the properties of squeezing and entanglement of the cavity light is investigated. We have found that there is an entanglement between the states of the light generated in the cavity, due to the strong correlation of the light emitted, when the atom decays from the top level to the bottom level via the intermediate one. We have also obtained that the two cavity modes are strongly entangled, and the degree of entanglement is directly related to the two-mode squeezing.
Novel Pressure Sensors Made from Nanocomposites (Biodegradable Polymers–Metal Oxide Nanoparticles): Fabrication and Characterization
Authors: Hashim A. , Hadi A.
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to the preparation of novel pressure-sensitive nanocomposites with low cost, light weight, and good sensitivity. The nanocomposites of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, and lead oxide nanoparticles have been investigated. The dielectric properties and dc electrical conductivity of (PVA–PAA–PbO2) nanocomposites have been studied. The dielectric properties of nanocomposites were measured in the frequency range (100 Hz–5 MHz). The experimental results showed that the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of (PVA–PAA–PbO2) nanocomposites decrease, as the frequency increases, and they increase with the concentrations of PbO2 nanoparticles. The ac electrical conductivity of (PVA–PAA–PbO2) nanocomposites increases with the frequency and the concentrations of PbO2 nanoparticles. The dc electrical conductivity of (PVA–PAA–PbO2) nanocomposites also increases with the concentrations of PbO2 nanoparticles. The application of pressure-sensitive nanocomposites has been examined in the pressure interval (60–200) bar. The results showed that the electrical resistance of (PVA–PAA–PbO2) pressure-sensitive nanocomposites decreases, as the compressive stress increases. The (PVA–PAA–PbO2) nanocomposites have high sensitivity to pressure.
Effect of Silica Nanoparticles on Properties of Coatings Based on Acrylic Emulsion Resin
Authors: Nguyen Vuong Thien , Phi Hung Dao , Phi Hung Dao , Trinh Thanh Van , Trinh Thanh Van , Mac Phuc Van , Mac Phuc Van , Nguyen Hiep Anh , Nguyen Hiep Anh , Dang Hieu Manh , Dang Hieu Manh , Nguyen Linh Thi , Nguyen Linh Thi , Duong Tien Manh , Duong Tien Manh
Published: September 2018

Effect of nanosilica size on physic-mechanical properties, thermal stability and weathering durability of coating based on acrylic emulsion. Nanocomposite coating formulas were filled by 2 wt.% nanosilica particles which were used in this study, namely: nanosilica from Sigma (15-20nm), nansilica from rice husk (~70-200 nm) and nanosilica from Arosil – Belgium (7-12 nm). Obtained results showed that viscosity flow of coating formula containing nanosilica from Arosil saw the highest flow-time while coating formulas filled other nanosilica and unfilled nanosilica experienced similar flow-time. In presence of nanosilica, coating properties were improved in comparison with neat coating. However, coating filled by nanosilica from rice husk indicated the best properties in studied coating formula. It may explained that size of nanosilica from rice husk was the largest in studied nanosilica particles and thus easily dispersing into coating formula.
AGING OF WATERBORNE PAINT BASED ON THE ACRYLIC RESIN EMULSION AND ORGANIC PIGMENT
Authors: Dao Phi Hung , Nguyen Anh Hiep , Mac Van Phuc , Trinh Van Thanh , Nguyen Thien Vuong , Do Thanh Minh
Published: September 2018

Aging of waterborne paint on the base of acrylic resin emulsion with and without green Luconyl have been investigated by general appearance assessment, adhesion change, FT-IR and discoloration. The obtained results showed that the both of paint-formulas coatings had no cracks, blisters, flacks and there was no change of adhesion during the aging process. However, IR analysis indicated that there were some changes in chemical structures of coating with and without Green Luconyl during aging process. To specify, IR spectrums of initial and aged coating no containing Green Luconyl illustrated aging process led content of O-H and C=C increased significantly but baseline of spectra was fairly unchanged. For coating filled Green Luconyl, IR spectrums’ shape was fairly stable but baseline saw a clear reduce during accelerated weather exposure. Moreover, SEM images indicated that surfaces morphology of samples changed differently depending on in presence of organic pigment. Surface of aged coating without Luconyl saw rougher than surface of coating with Luconyl after aging process. Hence, the weather aging test had more significant influence on paint coating in absence of Luconyl than paint coating in presence of Luconyl. It was explained that the macroradical produced in aging process would attack into conjugated double bonds of Luconyl instead of double bonds of AC-261 leading to aged coating filled Luconyl become more opaque than initial while coating no filled Luconyl had significant changes in chemical structure during aging process. Although this was a hypothesis, it saw a suitable with the obtained results. The paint coating in presence of Luconyl illustrated significant color change, especially, showed the loss of green color while the other paint coating showed slight color change.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE/CARBON NANOTUBES (HAp/CNTs) NANOCOMPOSITE ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thơm Nguyễn Thị
Published: September 2018

Hydroxyapatite/carbon nanotubes (HAp/CNTs) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized as a coating on 316L stainless steel (316L SS) by electrodeposition technique. The effects of scanning potential range, scanning rate, number of scans, and synthesis temperature were investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and mechanical test were performed to characterise of the coatings. Suitable condition to synthesize HAp/CNTs/316L SS coatings is a scanning potential range from 0 to -1.65 V/SCE, a scanning rate of 5 mV/s, 5 scans, an electrolyte temperature of 45 oC and a CNTs concentration of 0.5 g/L in the electrolyte solution. At the condition, obtained nanocomposite coatings are composed of HAp and CNTs with the coating thickness is equal to 6.9 µm. The presence of 0.5 g/L of CNTs in the electrolyte solution, the solubility of obtained coatings is lower than that of pure HAp coating. In addition, the hardness of the HAp/CNTs coatings reaches 5.6 GPa, which was nearly 25 % higher than that of pure HAp.
Preparation of magnetic antibacterial composite beads Fe3O4/alginate/Ag
Authors: Dung Nguyễn Tuấn
Published: September 2018

In recent years, the synthesis of magnetic polymer beads has attractive much attention from many technological fields such as biomedical and environmental. In addition of stabilizing effect for magnetic particles core, the polymer shells can also be further functionalized, thus enlarging the spectrum of possible applications of magnetite nanoparticles. In this study, the novel magnetic composite beads Fe3O4/alginate/Ag were synthesized and characterized for point-of-use water disinfection. Magnetite nanoparticles were prepared from waste spent pickling liquors and then were encapsulated by natural alginate to form the spherical beads of the size about 1-2 mm. Silver nanoparticles were loaded on the beads with the large content (24.62 wt.%). The as-prepared beads have a high saturation magnetization value, Ms = 59 emu/g, and very good antibacterial activity against both gram (-) and gram (+) bacteria. With the concentration 35 μg mL-1 the magnetic beads can kill 100% Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas this value found 70 μg mL-1 for Lactobacillus fermentum, 105 μg mL-1 for Salmonella enterica, and 140 μg mL-1 for Bacillus subtilis.
ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF MILD STEEL IN HCL 1M MEDIUM WITH THE PRESENCE OF ROSE MYRTLE LEAVES EXTRACTION
Authors: Vo An Quan , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Tran Thi Ha , Le Xuan Que
Published: September 2018

As the growing interest on green corrosion inhibitors, plant extracts have gradually showed the potential in replacing the traditional hazardous chemicals due to the eco-friendly and economy characteristics. Previous study reported that rose myrtle leaf-extract (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Myrtaceae) was as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for rust removal process of mild steel in H2SO4 acid medium. This study presents the corrosion inhibition assessments of rose myrtle leaf-extract on mild steel surface in HCl 1M solution. The potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods have been used to study the corrosion behaviors of mild steel. The corrosion rate, corrosion current and corrosion potential results indicate that only small amount of the leaf-extract (2% vol.) was required for high inhibition efficiency (Hin=83.9%). By affecting on both anodic and cathodic branches of the Tafel plot, the corrosion inhibition mechanism is proposed by an adsorption forming different barriers on the steel surface.Green inhibitor, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, steel corrosion, EIS
Sistemas de compartilhamento de bicicletas: comparativo e análise entre sistemas de diferentes países
Authors: Imhof Aline Cervi , Cauchick-Miguel Paulo Augusto
Published: September 2018

Os Sistemas Produto-Serviço (PSS) têm sido discutidos como modelos de negócio promissores, pois modificam a forma de ofertar o produto, sendo assim, mais sustentáveis que os modelos de negócio tradicionais. Embora literatura sobre o tema tenha evoluído, ainda há uma escassez de estudos empíricos que analisam situações práticas sobre PSS. Um exemplo de PSS bastante difundido são os sistemas de compartilhamento de bicicletas que têm se tornado muito popular em várias cidades ao redor do mundo. No entanto, ainda há relativamente poucos trabalhos que explorem o potencial dessas soluções em diferentes contextos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho é analisar seis sistemas de compartilhamento de bicicletas localizados em diferentes países, fazendo uma comparação entre eles e correlacionando os aspectos do PSS e seu potencial sustentável. Dados secundários foram utilizados para obter informações do sistema e uma análise qualitativa foi conduzida para identificar os elementos do PSS e da sustentabilidade. Os principais resultados mostram que esse modelo de negócio proporciona benefícios econômicos, sociais e ambientais, confirmando seu potencial sustentável. Diversas similaridades entre os sistemas foram identificadas, bem como algumas diferenças, principalmente em relação à integração com outros sistemas de transporte, forma de interação com o sistema e uso de energias renováveis, que podem afetar a aceitação, eficácia na operação e potencial sustentável das soluções.
Effects of Technology Readiness on Usage Intention of Smart-Phone Tourism Applications: An Application of the Technology Readiness and Acceptance Model
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Seo Jae-Yeon , Kim Song-I , Jeong Chul
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research is to recognize that there is a difference among individuals’ technology readiness to new technology and to investigate the effects of technology readiness on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use for targeting smart phone users. The results showed that positive technology readiness (optimism and innovation) weakly affected perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use but did not directly affect intention to use. On the other hand, negative technology readiness, discomfort, and insecurity did not affect perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use. Perceived ease of use positively affected perceived usefulness, and both perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had a significant effect on intention to use. Thus, people who are positive and innovative about new technology are not affected by intention to use, but if they decide that new technology would be useful and convenient to use, they do intend to use it. Based on the results, this study suggests theoretical and practical implications.
Effects of Core Index for Festival Cities on Economic and City Development Effect
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Jong-Kwan , Kim Ju-Ho
Published: September 2018

The objective of this study is to verify the differences in importance of core index for domestic festival cities and foreign festival cities by withdrawing the core index from case studies for both types of cities, and to verify the effect of the core index on economic and city development. The statistical significance of questionnaire survey data for 272 experts was verified by using the SPSS 20.0 statistical program. The following conclusions were drawn on the basis of the analysis results. First, seven factors for success of the festival city were drawn via factor analysis: sponsorship and operational support, interest and infra, physical environment, festival budget, expertise and operational plan, expert promotion, and festival hall possession. Second, there was a significant difference in importance between domestic festival experts and foreign festival experts for several factors. Third, there was a difference in the core index affecting the economic and city development between domestic festival experts and foreign festival experts for several factors.
Evaluation of potassium humate material in wood-plastic composite production
Authors: Narlıoğlu Nasır , Salan Tufan , Karaoğul Eyyüp , Alma Mehmet Hakkı
Published: September 2018

Aim of study: The aim of the study was to investigate the usability of potassium humate material as an additive to improve some properties of wood-plastic composites.Area of study: The fire retardancy and mechanic properties of the wood-plastic composites.Material and Methods: The medium-density fiberboard (MDF) powder and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) granule mixture was pelletized by using a parallel twin-screw extruder. The obtained composite pellets were molded into boards via hot pressing method. Some mechanical, physical, thermal and fire properties of the produced boards were investigated. Moreover, the chemical properties of the composites were analyzed by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.Main results: The results showed that the addition of potassium humate increased the tensile and flexural strengths by 15% and 9%, respectively. However, the water uptake and volumetric swelling of the composite samples increased from 1.15% up to 2.52% and from 3.2% to 5.77%, respectively. LOI and linear burning rate tests indicated that the potassium humate addition increased the fire resistance of composite samples by 3% O2 (LOI) while it improved the burning rate as being 6.62 mm/min lower.Research highlights: The addition of the potassium humate into the wood-plastic composites enhanced the fire, thermal and mechanical properties of the material to some extent.
Heat Treated Wood-Filled Styrene Maleic Anhydride (SMA) Copolymer Composites
Authors: ZOR Mustafa , KIZILTAS Alper , WANG Lu , GARDNER Douglas J.
Published: September 2018

Aim of study: In this study, it was aimed to establish and optimize a production process for engineering thermoplastic composites based on heat treated wood fillers and SMA copolymer.Material and Methods: As wood material, pine wood (Pinus strobus L.), and as a thermoplastic copolymer material, Styrene Maleic Anhydride (SMA) copolymer were used in this study. Heat treatment was conducted at 212°C for 8 h in an attempt to improve the durability of the wood furnish and the wood flour and SMA compounds were extruded and granulated using a lab-scale grinder. Physical test, mechanical test and morphological tests were calculated.Main results: The results showed that the highest tensile strength was in the 30 wt.% wood flour/SMA and it has been seen that the positive effect on FMOE,TMOE of heat treated wood flour/SMA. Weak interfacial bonding was observed between the polymer and wood filler from the SEM images of the fractured surfaces of wood flour/SMA composites.Research highlights: The results from this research indicated the compatibility of the SMA copolymer with the wood flour and the changes in the mechanical strength of the material. Due to limited heat treated wood thermoplastic composite usage in the field of wood engineering, there is a need for more extensive work in the future.
State-Local Financial Relations in India
Authors: Murthy K V Bhanu
Published: September 2018

In a federal economy like India, it is important to understand the fiscal relations between different layers of government to bring out their implications for revenue generation, revenue sharing and taxation. This paper describes the functional responsibilities and sources of revenue of local bodies, explains the present constitutional arrangements relating to State-Local fiscal relations in India, and examines the role of various statutory bodies in this regard. It also discusses the recommendations of the various Finance Commissions which have successively emphasised the need to adequately empower Local bodies to enable them to provide basic services at the grass root level. The institution of State Finance Commission also needs to be strengthened so that it plays an effective role in the system of fiscal transfers to the third tier of government.
Immunohistochemistry Protocol for Frozen Sections v2
Authors: Knight Kelsey
Published: September 2018

The following is a general procedure guide for preparation and staining of acetone-fixed frozen tissues using a purified, unconjugated primary antibody, biotinylated secondary antibody and streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (Sav-HRP) and DAB detection system. Because each antigen differs in terms of requirement for fixation, amplification step, etc., it is not possible to write an inclusive protocol that will work for all antigens. The user must determine optimal conditions for each antigen of interest. Many protocols for staining individual antigens, as well as useful tips and troubleshooting guides for immunohistochemistry, can be found at the IHC World web site (http://www.ihcworld.com/).