bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phanerozoic Burial and Erosion History of the Southern Canadian Shield from Apatite (U-Th)/He Thermochronology
Authors: Sturrock Colin P. , Flowers Rebecca M. , Kohn Barry P. , Metcalf James R.
Published: January 2024

Patterns of Phanerozoic burial and erosion across the cratonic interior of North America can help constrain the continental hypsometric history and the potential influence of dynamic topography on continental evolution. Large areas of the Canadian Shield currently lack Phanerozoic sedimentary cover, but thermochronology data can help reconstruct the previous extent, thickness, and erosion of Phanerozoic strata that once covered the craton. Here, we report apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) data for 15 samples of Precambrian basement rocks and 1 sample of Triassic kimberlite from a 1400 km–long east–west transect across the southern Canadian Shield. Single-grain basement AHe dates range from >500 Ma in the west to <250 Ma in the east. AHe dates for the kimberlite in the middle of the transect overlap with the pipe’s Triassic eruption age. These data, combined with previous apatite fission-track data, geologic constraints, and thermal history modeling, are used to constrain the first-order regional thermal history that we interpret in the context of continental burial and erosion. Our burial and erosion model is characterized by Paleozoic burial that was greater to the east, unroofing that migrated eastward through Jurassic time, and little to no post-Triassic burial. This pattern suggests dynamic and tectonic forces related to Appalachian convergence, subduction cessation, and later rifting as drivers. The AHe data contribute to efforts to collect thermochronology data across the Canadian Shield to map out continental-scale burial and erosion patterns. The outcomes can be used to refine mantle dynamic models and test how dynamic topography, far-field tectonics, and other effects influence the surface histories of continental interiors.
Membrane-Disruptive Effects of Fatty Acid and Monoglyceride Mitigants on E. coli Bacteria-Derived Tethered Lipid Bilayers
Authors: Tan Sue Woon , Yoon Bo Kyeong , Jackman Joshua A.
Published: January 2024

We report electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements to characterize the membrane-disruptive properties of medium-chain fatty acid and monoglyceride mitigants interacting with tethered bilayer lipid membrane (tBLM) platforms composed of E. coli bacterial lipid extracts. The tested mitigants included capric acid (CA) and monocaprin (MC) with 10-carbon long hydrocarbon chains, and lauric acid (LA) and glycerol monolaurate (GML) with 12-carbon long hydrocarbon chains. All four mitigants disrupted E. coli tBLM platforms above their respective critical micelle concentration (CMC) values; however, there were marked differences in the extent of membrane disruption. In general, CA and MC caused larger changes in ionic permeability and structural damage, whereas the membrane-disruptive effects of LA and GML were appreciably smaller. Importantly, the distinct magnitudes of permeability changes agreed well with the known antibacterial activity levels of the different mitigants against E. coli, whereby CA and MC are inhibitory and LA and GML are non-inhibitory. Mechanistic insights obtained from the EIS data help to rationalize why CA and MC are more effective than LA and GML at disrupting E. coli membranes, and these measurement capabilities support the potential of utilizing bacterial lipid-derived tethered lipid bilayers for predictive assessment of antibacterial drug candidates and mitigants.
Luminescent Behavior of Zn(II) and Mn(II) Halide Derivatives of 4-Phenyldinaphtho[2,1-d:1′,2′-f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 4-Oxide and Single-Crystal X-ray Structure Determination of the Ligand
Authors: Ferraro Valentina , Castro Jesús , Bortoluzzi Marco
Published: January 2024

The two enantiomers of chiral phosphonate 4-phenyldinaphtho[2,1-d:1′,2′-f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 4-oxide, O=PPh(BINOL), were synthesized from the proper 1,1′-bi-2-naphtol (BINOL) enantiomer and characterized. The structure of the (S)-enantiomer was elucidated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The reaction with anhydrous ZnBr2 afforded complexes having the general formula [ZnBr2{O=PPh(BINOL)}2] that showed intense fluorescence centered in the near-UV region rationalized on the basis of TD-DFT calculations. The corresponding Mn(II) complexes with the general formula [MnX2{O=PPh(BINOL)}2] (X = Cl, Br) exhibited dual emission upon excitation with UV light, with the relative intensity of the bands dependent upon the choice of the halide. The highest energy transition is comparable with that of the Zn(II) complex, while the lowest energy emission falls in the red region of the spectrum and is characterized by lifetimes in the hundreds of microseconds range. Although the emission at lower energy can also be achieved by direct excitation of the metal center, the luminescence decay curves suggest that the band in the red range is possibly derived from BINOL-centered excited states populated by intersystem crossing.
Efficiency of InN/InGaN/GaN Intermediate-Band Solar Cell under the Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure, In-Compositions, Built-in-Electric Field, Confinement, and Thickness
Authors: Abboudi Hassan , EL Ghazi Haddou , En-nadir Redouane , Basyooni-M. Kabatas Mohamed A. , Jorio Anouar , Zorkani Izeddine
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a thorough numerical investigation focused on optimizing the efficiency of quantum-well intermediate-band solar cells (QW-IBSCs) based on III-nitride materials. The optimization strategy encompasses manipulating confinement potential energy, controlling hydrostatic pressure, adjusting compositions, and varying thickness. The built-in electric fields in (In, Ga)N alloys and heavy-hole levels are considered to enhance the results’ accuracy. The finite element method (FEM) and Python 3.8 are employed to numerically solve the Schrödinger equation within the effective mass theory framework. This study reveals that meticulous design can achieve a theoretical photovoltaic efficiency of quantum-well intermediate-band solar cells (QW-IBSCs) that surpasses the Shockley–Queisser limit. Moreover, reducing the thickness of the layers enhances the light-absorbing capacity and, therefore, contributes to efficiency improvement. Additionally, the shape of the confinement potential significantly influences the device’s performance. This work is critical for society, as it represents a significant advancement in sustainable energy solutions, holding the promise of enhancing both the efficiency and accessibility of solar power generation. Consequently, this research stands at the forefront of innovation, offering a tangible and impactful contribution toward a greener and more sustainable energy future.
Thermoelectric Sensor with CuI Supported on Rough Glass
Authors: Panama Gustavo , Lee Seung S.
Published: January 2024

Thermoelectric generators convert heat into a potential difference with arrays of p- and n-type materials, a process that allows thermal energy harvesting and temperature detection. Thermoelectric sensors have attracted interest in relation to the creation of temperature and combustible gas sensors due to their simple operation principle and self-powering ability. CuI is an efficient p-type thermoelectric material that can be readily produced from a Cu layer by an iodination method. However, the vapor iodination of Cu has the disadvantage of weak adhesion on a bare glass substrate due to stress caused by crystal growth, limiting microfabrication applications of this process. This work presents a rough soda-lime glass substrate with nanoscale cavities to support the growth of a CuI layer, showing good adhesion and enhanced thermoelectric sensitivity. A rough glass sample with nanocavities is developed by reactive ion etching of a photoresist-coated glass sample in which aggregates of carbon residuals and the accumulation of NaF catalyze variable etching rates to produce local isotropic etching and roughening. A thermoelectric sensor consists of 41 CuI/In-CoSb3 thermoelectric leg pairs with gold electrodes for electrical interconnection. A thermoelectric leg has a width of 25 μm, a length of 3 mm, and a thickness of 1 μm. The thermoelectric response results in an open-circuit voltage of 13.7 mV/K on rough glass and 0.9 mV/K on bare glass under ambient conditions. Rough glass provides good mechanical interlocking and introduces important variations of the crystallinity and composition in the supported thermoelectric layers, leading to enhanced thermopower.
Changes in Dietary Nutrient Intake and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate over a 5-Year Period in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Lin I-Hsin , Chen Yi-Chun , Duong Tuyen Van , Nien Shih-Wei , Tseng I-Hsin , Wu Yi-Ming , Wang Hsu-Han , Chiang Yang-Jen , Chiang Chia-Yu , Chiu Chia-Hui , Wang Ming-Hsu , Yang Nien-Chieh , Wong Te-Chih
Published: January 2024

The scarcity of dietary guidance for renal transplant recipients (RTRs) raises concerns regarding obesity and associated comorbidities, including impaired renal function. This two-stage cross-sectional study examined longitudinal changes in dietary nutrient intake in the same individuals over a 5-year interval. This study involved two stages: T1 (September 2016 to June 2018) and T2 (July 2022 to August 2023). The average duration between the two data collection stages was 6.17 ± 0.42 (range 5.20–6.87) years. The study included 227 RTRs with an average age and time since transplant of 49.97 ± 12.39 and 9.22 ± 7.91 years, respectively. Of the 35 patients who participated in both phases, fewer than half met the recommended intakes for energy, dietary fiber, and most vitamins and minerals, as set in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) or by the Dietitian Association Australia (DAA). Over half exceeded the DRI recommended intake for total protein, and more than 80% of the protein consumed per kilogram of body weight exceeded the DAA’s recommendations. In the T2 stage, the RTRs had a significantly higher blood urea nitrogen level, lower albumin level, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. These findings indicate that deteriorating dietary intake in RTRs can adversely affect their nutritional status and transplanted kidney function over a 5-year period.
Silvicultural Practices for Diversity Conservation and Invasive Species Suppression in Forest Ecosystems of the Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka
Authors: Suraweera Channa , Gallo Josef , Vacek Zdeněk , Cukor Jan , Vacek Stanislav , Baláš Martin
Published: January 2024

Forest ecosystems in Sri Lanka are under pressure from intensive human activity and climate change. Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to autochthonous species and ecosystems. In Bundala National Park of Sri Lanka, there are efforts to control and limit the spreading of unwanted invasive Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. and Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl.) Haw., which poses a significant risk to natural ecosystem conservation. Nine different treatment variants (four replications) were used to test which management approach provides the control of Prosopis juliflora. This research is based on nine repeated measurements from 2017 to 2021 on 36 permanent research plots (each 625 m2) with 27 observed plant species and a total of 90,651 recorded plant individuals. The results confirmed that the dynamics of species richness, heterogeneity, and evenness showed significant differences between treatments during the five years of dynamics. The lowest species diversity was found in the control variant, followed by treatments based on the hard pruning and thinning of Prosopis juliflora trees. In contrast, strategies emphasizing the complete uprooting of Prosopis juliflora trees, replanting, and support of the natural regeneration of native species showed high species diversity and a high overall number of plant species. Generally, treatments had a significant effect on species diversity and the number of individuals of Prosopis juliflora, while changes in the overall number of plant species were more affected by time and succession. Silvicultural treatments including pruning, uprooting, and thinning have proven to be essential tools for nature conservation across various sites, aimed at enhancing habitat diversity in the face of ongoing climate change.
The Effects of Light Spectrum and Intensity, Seeding Density, and Fertilization on Biomass, Morphology, and Resource Use Efficiency in Three Species of Brassicaceae Microgreens
Authors: Cowden Reed John , Markussen Bo , Ghaley Bhim Bahadur , Henriksen Christian Bugge
Published: January 2024

Light is a critical component of indoor plant cultivation, as different wavelengths can influence both the physiology and morphology of plants. Furthermore, fertilization and seeding density can also potentially interact with the light recipe to affect production outcomes. However, maximizing production is an ongoing research topic, and it is often divested from resource use efficiencies. In this study, three species of microgreens—kohlrabi; mustard; and radish—were grown under five light recipes; with and without fertilizer; and at two seeding densities. We found that the different light recipes had significant effects on biomass accumulation. More specifically, we found that Far-Red light was significantly positively associated with biomass accumulation, as well as improvements in height, leaf area, and leaf weight. We also found a less strong but positive correlation with increasing amounts of Green light and biomass. Red light was negatively associated with biomass accumulation, and Blue light showed a concave downward response. We found that fertilizer improved biomass by a factor of 1.60 across species and that using a high seeding density was 37% more spatially productive. Overall, we found that it was primarily the main effects that explained microgreen production variation, and there were very few instances of significant interactions between light recipe, fertilization, and seeding density. To contextualize the cost of producing these microgreens, we also measured resource use efficiencies and found that the cheaper 24-volt LEDs at a high seeding density with fertilizer were the most efficient production environment for biomass. Therefore, this study has shown that, even with a short growing period of only four days, there was a significant influence of light recipe, fertilization, and seeding density that can change morphology, biomass accumulation, and resource input costs.
Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels: A Potential Strategy for Prolonged Iron Dextran Parenteral Supplementation
Authors: Durán Emerson , Neira-Carrillo Andrónico , Oyarzun-Ampuero Felipe , Valenzuela Carolina
Published: January 2024

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) presents a global health challenge, impacting crucial development stages in humans and other mammals. Pigs, having physiological and metabolic similarities with humans, are a valuable model for studying and preventing anemia. Commonly, a commercial iron dextran formulation (CIDF) with iron dextran particles (IDPs) is intramuscularly administered for IDA prevention in pigs, yet its rapid metabolism limits preventive efficacy. This study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels (CTHs) as a novel parenteral iron supplementation strategy, promoting IDPs’ prolonged release and mitigating their rapid metabolism. These CTHs, loaded with IDPs (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 g of theoretical iron/g of chitosan), were characterized for IM iron supplementation. Exhibiting thermosensitivity, these formulations facilitated IM injection at ~4 °C, and its significant increasing viscosity at 25–37 °C physically entrapped the IDPs within the chitosan’s hydrophobic gel without chemical bonding. In vitro studies showed CIDF released all the iron in 6 h, while CTH0.4 had a 40% release in 72 h, mainly through Fickian diffusion. The controlled release of CTHs was attributed to the physical entrapment of IDPs within the CTHs’ gel, which acts as a diffusion barrier. CTHs would be an effective hydrogel prototype for prolonged-release parenteral iron supplementation.
Estimated-State Feedback Fuzzy Compensator Design via a Decentralized Approach for Nonlinear-State-Unmeasured Interconnected Descriptor Systems
Authors: Chang Wen-Jer , Su Che-Lun , Lee Yi-Chen
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates the decentralized fuzzy control problems for nonlinear-state-unmeasured interconnected descriptor systems (IDSs) that utilize the observer-based-feedback approach and the proportional–derivative feedback control (PDFC) method. First of all, the IDS is represented as interconnected Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy subsystems. These subsystems can effectively capture the dynamic behavior of the system through fuzzy rules. For the stability analysis of the system, this paper uses the free-weighing Lyapunov function (FWLF), which allows the designer to set the weight matrix, to achieve the desired control performance and design the controller more easily. Furthermore, the control problem can be transformed into a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) through the Schur complement, which can be solved using convex optimization methods. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving the desired control objectives and ensuring system stability.
Experimental Research on the Influence of Ion Channels on the Healing of Skin Wounds in Rats
Authors: Grigore Alexandra , Vatasescu-Balcan Ana , Stoleru Smaranda , Zugravu Aurelian , Poenaru Elena , Engi Miruna , Coman Oana Andreia , Fulga Ion
Published: January 2024

At the level of skin wounds, an electrical potential difference develops between the edges of the wound and the center of the wound, which favors the migration of cells in the process of their healing. Cells migrate in an electric field because they have a certain electrical membrane potential. This potential is due to differences in the transmembrane electrochemical gradient. The transmembrane electrochemical gradient is due to the migration of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions into the corresponding ion channels. If this is the case, the modification of the functionality of these ion channels should influence the membrane potential and, as a consequence, the wound healing process. In this experiment, we set out to investigate whether the chemical manipulation of ion channels by amiodarone influences the wound healing process. Amiodarone blocks several types of ion channels, but at different concentrations: at low concentrations, it blocks only potassium channels; at medium concentrations, potassium and calcium channels; and at high concentrations, it blocks potassium, calcium, and sodium channels. We worked on rats that were given experimental skin lesions and evaluated the influence of the healing of these lesions upon the topical administration of amiodarone in three concentrations, 200 nM, 2000 nM and 200,000 nM, compared to an untreated group and a group treated with benzyl alcohol, the amiodarone solvent. In our experimental conditions, low concentration amiodarone promoted wound healing both in terms of duration of healing and also in terms of speed of healing. This means that blocking some ions, possibly potassium channels, might promote wound healing.
Ideology and Attitudes toward Jews in U.S. Public Opinion: A Reconsideration
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey E.
Published: January 2024

Antisemitism has been found on both the extreme left and right among political elites. However, at the mass public level, limited research suggests right-wing antisemitism, but not much left-wing antisemitism. This paper challenges that research, at least for the U.S., offering an alternative theory. The theory argues that the lowest levels of antisemitism will be found among mainstream liberals and conservatives. Ideological moderates will exhibit higher rates of antisemitism, while those lacking an ideological orientation will show still higher antisemitic rates. Extremists of the right and left may be more antisemitic than mainstream conservatives and liberals, but the inability of standard ideological self-placement questions to distinguish extreme ideologues from the very conservative/liberal makes it difficult to test the extremism hypothesis. Numerous items measuring attitudes towards Jews in the U.S. across five major surveys finds overwhelming support for the mainstream philosemitism theory. The conclusion puts the findings into perspective and offers suggestions regarding future research.
Infantile Hemangioma: Risk Factors and Management in a Preterm Patient—A Case Report
Authors: Sandru Florica , Petca Aida , Radu Andreea-Maria , Preda Andrei Gheorghe , Turenschi Alina , Constantin Andreea Teodora , Miulescu Raluca-Gabriela
Published: January 2024

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs), boasting a prevalence ranging from 4% to 10%, stand as the most commonly encountered benign tumors during the early stages of human life. We present the case of a 2-year-9-month-old child who was born preterm with very low birth weight (VLBW), 1010 g birth weight, at 27 weeks gestational age. During pregnancy, her mother had anemia and needed cervical cerclage. On her 10th day of life, the appearance of a frontal hemangioma could be observed. The hemangioma was situated at the hairline. At the age of one month, another hemangioma could be observed on her right arm. The hemangiomas were treated with propranolol oral suspension for 10 months and afterwards with local ointment for 2 months. This choice of treatment delivered great results, with no adverse reactions reported. In this case report, we underlined the risk factors for IH, possible complications, and available treatment options.
Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery Using an Optimal Blind Deconvolution Method and Hybrid Invertible Neural Network
Authors: Gao Yangde , Ahmad Zahoor , Kim Jong-Myon
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a novel approach to predicting the useful life of rotating machinery and making fault diagnoses using an optimal blind deconvolution and hybrid invertible neural network. First, a new optimal adaptive maximum second-order cyclostationarity blind deconvolution (OACYCBD) is developed for denoising vibration signals obtained from rotating machinery. This technique is obtained from the optimization of traditional adaptive maximum second-order cyclostationarity blind deconvolution (ACYCBD). To optimize the weights of conventional ACYCBD, the proposed method utilizes a probability density function (PDF) of Monte Carlo to assess fault-related incipient changes in the vibration signal. Cross-entropy is used as a convergence criterion for denoising. Because the denoised signal carries information related to the health of the rotating machinery, a novel health index is calculated in the second step using the peak value and square of the arithmetic mean of the signal. The novel health index can change according to the degradation of the health state of the rotating bearing. To predict the remaining useful life of the bearing in the final step, the health index is used as input for a newly developed hybrid invertible neural network (HINN), which combines an invertible neural network and long short-term memory (LSTM) to forecast trends in bearing degradation. The proposed approach outperforms SVM, CNN, and LSTM methods in predicting the remaining useful life of bearings, showcasing RMSE values of 0.799, 0.593, 0.53, and 0.485, respectively, when applied to a real-world industrial bearing dataset.
Research on Pedestrian Crossing Decision Models and Predictions Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Cai Jun , Wang Mengjia , Wu Yishuang
Published: January 2024

Systematically and comprehensively enhancing road traffic safety using artificial intelligence (AI) is of paramount importance, and it is gradually becoming a crucial framework in smart cities. Within this context of heightened attention, we propose to utilize machine learning (ML) to optimize and ameliorate pedestrian crossing predictions in intelligent transportation systems, where the crossing process is vital to pedestrian crossing behavior. Compared with traditional analytical models, the application of OpenCV image recognition and machine learning methods can analyze the mechanisms of pedestrian crossing behaviors with greater accuracy, thereby more precisely judging and simulating pedestrian violations in crossing. Authentic pedestrian crossing behavior data were extracted from signalized intersection scenarios in Chinese cities, and several machine learning models, including decision trees, multilayer perceptrons, Bayesian algorithms, and support vector machines, were trained and tested. In comparing the various models, the results indicate that the support vector machine (SVM) model exhibited optimal accuracy in predicting pedestrian crossing probabilities and speeds, and it can be applied in pedestrian crossing prediction and traffic simulation systems in intelligent transportation.
How Do Intercultural Communication Textbooks Represent Culture? A Case Study of Chinese Culture
Authors: Chi Ruobing , Zhang Tingting , Liu Li
Published: January 2024

Intercultural communication (IC) textbooks are important means to transfer and construct knowledge about different cultural groups, yet it is still not clear how specific cultures are represented in these educational materials. This study addresses the question by analyzing the content of Chinese culture represented in a sample of intercultural communication textbooks. The findings show that (1) a variety of Chinese cultural contents are covered in IC textbooks, among which cultural products and persons are the most frequent references followed by cultural practices and perspectives; (2) representations of Chinese culture reflect diverse conceptualizations of culture ranging from essential to non-essential orientations; (3) Chinese cultures are presented often with theoretical concepts of the IC field and in comparative contexts together with other cultures. Differences in cultural representation between IC and language textbooks and their educational implications are discussed at the end.
Numerical Study of Potential Delayed Ettringite Formation in Cemented Nuclear Wasteforms
Authors: Danfour Abubaker , Perko Janez , Seetharam Suresh , Phung Quoc Tri , Jacques Diederik , Cizer Özlem
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a numerical study to investigate delayed ettringite formation (DEF) that may pose a long-term durability risk by altering the microstructure with consequent swelling leading to cracking. A chemo–thermal model is used to predict the evolution and distribution of temperature and hydration phases in a wide range of blended cements. In particular, the influence of nuclear waste loading, waste package size, and the addition of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on DEF is systematically and numerically investigated. The analyses show that higher amounts of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and waste loadings result in higher hydration temperatures and consequently increased DEF potential by enhancing sulfoaluminate dissolution and hydrogarnet precipitation. Partial replacement of OPC with SCMs reduced hydration heat and mitigated DEF risks. The analysis indicated that the DEF evolution may be different for waste packages of different sizes due to a shift from sulfate-controlling to aluminate-controlling reactions at high temperatures. Interestingly, higher temperatures did not necessarily induce higher DEF potential due to the excessive precipitation of aluminates in the form of hydrogarnet. This research enriches our understanding of DEF’s complex behavior, providing valuable insights for engineering applications beyond civil engineering, such as nuclear waste conditioning.
The Intrinsic Links of Economic Complexity with Sustainability Dimensions: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research
Authors: Montiel-Hernández María Guadalupe , Pérez-Hernández Carla Carolina , Salazar-Hernández Blanca Cecilia
Published: January 2024

What are the intrinsic connections between economic complexity and sustainability dimensions? To address this question, we have conducted the first Systematic Mapping Study of the literature related to the economic complexity theory, employing databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Semantic Scholar following the PRISMA statement complemented with a science mapping technique. Our endeavor has culminated in the compilation of 687 documents published between 2006 and 2022. The findings of this systematic review reveal a thematic and semantic network that interconnects economic complexity with the following dimensions of sustainability: (1) Economic, (2) Social and Human, (3) Environmental, (4) Political, and (5) Cultural. The results offer compelling evidence that research into economic complexity is actively striving to promote studies that are pertinent to the challenges articulated by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Furthermore, we propose five avenues for shaping a future research agenda based on the emerging research trends detected through in-depth analysis. In conclusion, we affirm that economic complexity stands as a robust theory that aids in comprehending the multidimensional challenges arising from the pursuit of sustainable development.
Machine Learning-Based Lane-Changing Behavior Recognition and Information Credibility Discrimination
Authors: Chen Xing , Yan Song , Wang Jingsheng , Zhang Yi
Published: January 2024

Intelligent Vehicle–Infrastructure Collaboration Systems (i-VICS) put forward higher requirements for the real-time security of dynamic traffic information interaction. It is difficult to ensure the safety of dynamic traffic information interaction by means of traditional static information security. In this study, a method was proposed through machine learning-based lane-changing (LC) behavior recognition and information credibility discrimination, based on the utilization and exploitation of traffic business characteristics. The method consisted of three stages: LC behavior recognition based on Support Vector Machine (SVM), LC speed prediction based on Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and credibility discrimination of speed information under LC states. Firstly, the labeling rules of vehicle LC behavior and the input/output of each stage model were determined, and the raw NGSIM data were processed to obtain data sets for LC behavior identification and LC speed prediction. Both the SVM classification and RNN prediction models were trained and tested, respectively. Afterwards, a model of credibility discrimination speed information under an LC state was constructed, and the real vehicle speed data were processed for model verification. The results showed that the overall accuracy of vehicle status recognition by the SVM model was 99.18%, and the precision of the RNN model was on the order of magnitude of cm/s. Considering transverse and longitudinal abnormal velocity, the accuracy credibility discrimination of LC velocity was more than 97% in most experimental groups. The model can effectively identify the abnormal speed data of LC vehicles and provide support for the real-time identification of LC vehicle speed information under i-VICS.
Degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene and 2,2′,4,4′-Tebrabrominated Diphenyl Ether in Cultures Originated from an Agricultural Soil
Authors: Shi Shuai , Zhang Huiqian , Zhang Shuai , Yi Lijin , Yeerkenbieke Gulijiazi , Lu Xiaoxia
Published: January 2024

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-47) are common contaminants in the environment, posing a threat to the ecosystems and human health. Currently, information on the microbial metabolism of BaP and BDE-47 as well as the correlated bacteria is still limited. This research aimed to study the degradation of BaP and BDE-47 by enriched cultures originated from an agricultural soil in Tianjin (North China) and characterize the bacteria involved in the degradation. Two sets of experiments were set up with BaP and BDE-47 (2 mg/L) as the sole carbon source, respectively. The degradation of BaP and BDE-47 occurred at rate constants of 0.030 /d and 0.026 /d, respectively. For BaP, the degradation products included benzo[a]pyrene-9,10-dihydrodiol or its isomers, ben-zo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide, and cis-4 (8-hydroxypyrenyl-7)-2-oxo-3-butenoic acid. For BDE-47, the degradation products included 2,2′,4-tribrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-17), 2,4-dibrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-7), and hydroxylated dibromodiphenyl ether. The bacterial community structures in the original soil, the BaP culture, and the BDE-47 culture were quite different. The richness and diversity of bacteria in the two cultures were much lower than that in the original soil, and the BaP culture had higher richness and diversity than the BDE-47 culture. In the BaP culture, multiple species such as Niabella (23.4%), Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia (13.7%), Cupriavidus (8.3%), and Allorhizobi-um-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium (8.0%) were dominant. In the BDE-47 culture, an unassigned species in the Rhizobiaceae was dominant (82.3%). The results from this study provide a scientific basis for the risk assessment and bioremediation of BaP and/or BDE-47 in a contaminated environment.
Domain III β4–β5 Loop and β14–β15 Loop of Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa Are Involved in Receptor Binding and Toxicity
Authors: Hou Xiaoyue , Li Mengjiao , Mao Chengjuan , Jiang Lei , Zhang Wen , Li Mengying , Geng Xiaomeng , Li Xin , Liu Shu , Yang Guang , Zhou Jing , Fang Yaowei , Cai Jun
Published: January 2024

Vip3Aa, secreted by Bacillus thuringiensis, is effective at controlling major agricultural pests such as Spodoptera frugiperda. However, to control Vip3Aa resistance evolved in the field by different lepidoptera species, an in–depth study of sequence––structure––activity relationships is necessary to design new Vip3Aa variants. In this study, the four specific loops (β4–β5 loop, β9–β10 loop, β12–β13 loop, and β14–β15 loop) in domain III were selected and four loop mutants were constructed by replacing all residues in each specific loop with alanine. We obtained soluble proteins for three of the loop mutants, excluding the β9–β10 loop. These loop mutants have been characterized by toxicity bioassays against S. frugiperda, proteolytic processing, and receptor binding. These results indicate that the β4–β5 loop and β14–β15 loop are involved in receptor binding and Vip3Aa toxicity. Based on this, we constructed numerous mutants and obtained three single mutants (Vip3Aa–S366T, Vip3Aa–S366L, and Vip3Aa–R501A) that exhibited significantly increased toxicity of 2.61–fold, 3.39–fold, and 2.51–fold, respectively. Compared to Vip3Aa, the receptor affinity of Vip3Aa–S366T and Vip3Aa–S366L was significantly enhanced. Furthermore, we also analyzed and aligned the three–dimensional structures of the mutants and Vip3Aa. In summary, these results indicate that the loops in domain III have the potential to be targeted to enhance the insecticidal toxicity of the Vip3Aa protein.
The Repurposing of Cellular Proteins during Enterovirus A71 Infection
Authors: Abedeera Sudeshi M. , Davila-Calderon Jesse , Haddad Christina , Henry Barrington , King Josephine , Penumutchu Srinivasa , Tolbert Blanton S.
Published: January 2024

Viruses pose a great threat to people’s lives. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infects children and infants all over the world with no FDA-approved treatment to date. Understanding the basic mechanisms of viral processes aids in selecting more efficient drug targets and designing more effective antivirals to thwart this virus. The 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) of the viral RNA genome is composed of a cloverleaf structure and an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Cellular proteins that bind to the cloverleaf structure regulate viral RNA synthesis, while those that bind to the IRES also known as IRES trans-acting factors (ITAFs) regulate viral translation. In this review, we survey the cellular proteins currently known to bind the 5′-UTR and influence viral gene expression with emphasis on comparing proteins’ functions and localizations pre- and post-(EV-A71) infection. A comprehensive understanding of how the host cell’s machinery is hijacked and reprogrammed by the virus to facilitate its replication is crucial for developing effective antivirals.
Perancangan Brand Identity Kawasan Wisata Romokalisari Adventure Land di Surabaya
Authors: Bentri Swesti Anjampiana , Putra Karina Angelina , Brenda Marceline , Noelia Debrina Natasha , Senjaya Louis Jericho , Valentino Putra Elroi
Published: January 2024

Romokalisari Adventure Land memiliki potensi menjadi destinasi wisata yang tinggi, namun banyak wisatawan yang berkunjung terhitung rendah dikarenakan kurangnya promosi dari Romokalisari Adventure Land dan media pendukung yang sudah ada namun belum memadai untuk mendapatkan perhatian masyarakat sehingga Romokalisari Adventure Land dapat mengalami masalah serius karena kurangnya pendapatan yang dapat berujung kesulitan dalam mempertahankan kualitas fasilitas, menutupi biaya operasional, dan kurangnya pemeliharaan. Perancangan ini ditujukkan untuk merancang Brand Identity kawasan wisata Romokalisari Adventure Land. Metode yang digunakan merupakan identifikasi, analisis, sintesis, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian ini berupa perancangan brand identity kawasan wisata Romokalisari Adventure Land diikuti dengan terciptanya media pendukung dan merchandise. Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan informasi tentang keberadaan tempat wisata tersebut agar lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat dengan merancang dan memperbaiki media identitas agar lebih sesuai dan menarik bagi pengunjung.
Perancangan Animasi Stop Motion Sebagai Media Edukasi Untuk Memahami Aturan Sensor Tayangan Televisi Bagi Remaja Usia 12 – 21 Tahun
Authors: Noviadji Benny Rahmawan , Adiwena Briantito , Andriyanto Fernando
Published: January 2024

Sensor pada tayangan televisi berfungsi untuk membatasi informasi dan pesan yang tidak sesuai dengan norma yang berlaku, Akan tetapi, saat ini banyak masyarakat yang belum memahami aturan dan ketentuan tentang sensor tersebut. Keterbatasan ini telah memicu anggapan bahwa efektifitas sensor televisi di Indonesia sangat menyimpang dari tujuan utama. Dan juga banyak munculnya suatu fenomena anggapan sensor alay, sensor berlebihan dan tidak tepat sasaran. Oleh karena itu maka diperlukan suatu media yang mampu berperan dalam menjembatani masyarakat dengan lembaga sensor terkait dengan cara memberikan edukasi mengenai aturan dan ketentuan sensor televisi Metode penelitian berupa metode campuran, yaitu dengan wawancara langsung dan melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Metode perancangan yang dilakukan adalah ide cerita, pembuatan figur dengan bahan clay, proses digital dan editing. Hasil dari perancangan ini berupa tayangan video iklan layanan masyarakat sebanyak 3 episode dengan durasi 6 menit. Video ditayangkan melalui Youtube dengan target penonton utama remaja. Dikemas dengan gaya stop motion dengan tujuan agar penonton tidak merasa bosan dan fokus dengan penjelasan tentang tujuan sensor.
Relationship Between General Health and Dysmenorrhea in Students at Shahrekord University in 2018
Authors: Karimi Zahra , Rabiei Leili , Sayyad Asma , Lotfizadeh Masoud
Published: January 2024

Background and aims: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common problems that women experience. Dysmenorrhea brings about psychological problems for women and adversely affects their performance. Therefore, providing, maintaining, and promoting the health of women is an important goal. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between general health and Dysmenorrhea in students of Shahrekord University in 2018. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 245 female students were selected by random cluster sampling method from Shahrekord University in 2018. Data were collected using the GHQ28, visual analogue scale (VAS), and a reliable and valid questionnaire designed by the researchers to determine menstrual pattern. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and independent samples t test. Results: The mean age at menarche was 13.5 years. Dysmenorrhea was observed in 82.8% of students. The severity of pain was measured by the VAS scale, indicating that 22.3% of the participants had severe menstrual pain. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in participants with a family history of Dysmenorrhea was greater and statistically significant. The result of the t-test showed that there is a relationship between dysmenorrhea and the general health of the participants (P=0.036). There was also a significant relationship between menstrual cycle regularity and physical characteristics of the participants (P=0.019). Significant relationships were also found regarding the interval between menstrual cycles and physical symptoms (P=0.026), and depression and general health (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Due to the importance of dysmenorrhea and its high prevalence among female students, it is important to provide education and control on this disorder to improve the quality of life of women. It is also beneficial to create counseling centers to raise awareness of the psychological health of female students suffering from dysmenorrhea.
Business Process Engineering of Opening a Simpedes Saving Account Using Value-Added and Flow Analysis Methods
Authors: Rezeki Vinny Putri , Fitria Fitria
Published: January 2024

The level of competition and demands for higher business quality encourage the company to develop in all sectors to achieve company goals, including the banking sector, which has main business processes, one of which is serving customers in the account opening process. Therefore, this study conducted a business process analysis to open a Simpedes savings account and then build a more optimal business process improvement engineering. Business process engineering by conducting business process analysis using the BPMN standard, value-added analysis, flow analysis, and simulation using the Bizagi Modeler software. Based on the simulation at Level 2-Time Analysis, the existing business process takes 52 minutes to complete 22 activities. Meanwhile, business process improvement only takes 19 minutes for 16 account opening activities. According to the accumulated calculations, the simulation results on the Level 3-Resource Analysis business process improvement with the implementation of writing pad procurement and the raw material utilization will increase by 13,23%. The costs incurred at the beginning will be significant but have long-term benefits so that the results of business process engineering show better improvements in terms of time and cost that companies can use as business process optimization recommendations.
Usability Testing Analysis on Digital Wallet Applications to Measure User Satisfaction
Authors: Pusparani Nur Mutia Eka , Setiyorini Tyas , Frieyadie Frieyadie
Published: January 2024

One of the issues that users of digital wallet apps often face is slow loading, which can cause frustration and disrupt the user experience. In addition, lack of app responsiveness due to server errors is also a complaint of users, which can lower their trust in the app. Another problem is the difficulty in the login process, which can make it difficult for users to access the application. From these problems, it is necessary to conduct a "usability testing analysis on digital wallets to measure user satisfaction." a study evaluates user satisfaction using ShopeePay, Dana, and Ovo as digital wallets. In this study, TCR is used as an indicator to measure the level of user satisfaction, and the variables considered are Attractiveness, Understandability, Learnability, and Operability. The results show that ShopeePay has the highest TCR of 78.77%, followed by Ovo at 77.32% and Dana at 75.58%. Attractiveness factors affect user satisfaction in ShopeePay, while in Dana, Learnability and Attractiveness factors influence. In Ovo, Operability and Attractiveness factors affect user satisfaction, while Understandability and Learnability have no significant effect. The findings from this study provide valuable insights for digital wallet service providers to optimize the factors that influence user satisfaction. This can help increase the acceptance and utilization of digital wallets in the growing market.
Measuring the Level of Readiness in SDI Al-Hasaniah Students for Computer-Based Exams Using Technology Readiness Index Method
Authors: Oktaviani Anggi , Novianti Deny , Sarkawi Dahlia , Zul Fahmi Muhamad
Published: January 2024

The context of this research is that erratic rainfall can disrupt community activities, especially for traders who want to make sales. In addition, information about rainfall is also needed by farmers in determining planting patterns to get maximum yields. The purpose of this research is to be able to help farmers predict rainfall to get maximum crop yields. One method to be able to predict rainfall is Fuzzy Logic. This research will use the Tsukamoto Fuzzy method. In the research conducted this time, the author conducted monthly rainfall forecasting in Sleman Regency. Rainfall data in Sleman Regency from 2015 to 2022 will be used in this research. This research succeeded in getting a MAPE value of 49.31%. The result of this research is the highest monthly rainfall prediction in November, with a rainfall of 713.78 mm. At the same time, the lowest occurred in August, which amounted to 36.47 mm. This research only gets a MAPE value of 49.31%. So, it can be concluded that the Tsukamoto fuzzy method cannot predict rainfall well.
Enhancing Risk Management in an IT Service Company: A COBIT 2019 Framework Approach
Authors: Enrique Emmanuel , Fianty Melissa Indah
Published: January 2024

The application of information technology is utilized to support the business activities of companies engaged in IT services. One of the prevailing issues pertains to service delivery delays. This issue is paramount as customer satisfaction ranks among the most pivotal factors for business success, significantly influencing the company's continued prosperity. In response to these challenges, this study assesses the level of IT governance within the company using the 2019 COBIT framework. The methodology employed combines a qualitative approach, integrating data collected through interviews and literature analysis. The study's key performance indicators include APO12 (Managed Risk), BAI10 (Managed Configuration), and DSS04 (Managed Continuity). The findings reveal that the measured capability levels for these objectives are at levels 3, 3, and 2, respectively, falling short of the targeted levels, which are 4, 4, and 3. This indicates a 1-level gap in each process. The recommendations provided concentrate on the management of risk records associated with service delay causes, the proper management of IT resources, and the maintenance of a continuous service system to prevent future delays.
Combination of Profile Matching and SAW Methods for College KIP Admission
Authors: Majalista Riya , Herdiansyah M. Izman , Amin Zaid
Published: January 2024

The KIP College program at Baturaja University has been running since 2020. The large number of people interested in this program has made the university that runs this program have difficulty making decisions about recipients of the KIP college program. The data is on interested participants in the KIP program studying at Baturaja University (UNBARA). The gap between the quota determined by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology and the number of registrants triggers difficulties for management in making decisions. This research aims to analyze the KIP Kuliah program selection results using the combination of Profile Matching and SAW methods. From the analysis of determining criteria and rankings using the Combination Method of Profile Matching and SAW, the results show the names of students who will occupy the UNBARA KIP program quota. The result of data calculations already obtained a value of 1,96667 with alternative data A208 in the name of Randi. Alternative A208 can be recommended as the recipient of the College KIP because it has the profile most appropriate to the specified criteria. So, it can be concluded that SPK, using the combination of Profile Matching and SAW methods, can be applied as a form of recommendation in decision-making in determining UNBARA KIP college program recipients.