bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI GURU PAI DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN METODE GALLERY WALK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR AKIDAH AKHLAK KELAS VIII MTs YTI NGULING
Authors: Pasuruan repositori PAI STIT PGRI
Published: January 2020

Guru menempati posisi sentral dalam ujung tombak pendidikan, seorang pendidik dituntut mampu untuk membina, mencetak siswa didiknya menjadi manusia yang cerdas, terampil, dan berakhlakkul karimah. Seorang guru juga diharuskan memiliki kemampuan sebagai pendidik dan pengajar yang menguasai materi pelajaran serta pandai dalam menyampaikan materi dengan memilih strategi dan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai dan tepat. Adapun permasalahan yang diteliti pada skripsi ini adalah (1) Bagaimana strategi guru PAI dalam mengimplementasikan metode Gallery Walk untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Akidah Akhlak kelas VIII di MTs YTI Nguling. (2) Bagaimana penerapan metode Gallery Walk dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar akidah Akhlak kelas VIII di MTs YTI Nguling. (3) Apa faktor penunjang dan penghambat metode Gallery Walk.Adapun tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui strategi guru PAI dalam mengimplementasikan metode Gallery Walk untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar aqidah akhlak pada bab materi kisah keteladanan Abu Bakar as-Siddiq kelas VIII MTS YTI Nguling. (2) Untuk mengetahui penerapan metode Gallery Walk untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar aqidah akhlak pada bab materi kisah keteladanan Abu Bakar as-Siddiq kelas VIII di MTs YTI Nguling. (3) Untuk mengetahui faktor penunjang dan penghambat metode Gallery Walk dalam pembelajaran aqidah akhlak pada bab materi kisah keteladanan Abu Bakar as-Siddiq.Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan penelitian kualitatif.Sumber data primer diperoleh langsung dari sumber asli. Dan biasanya dapat berupa opini orang secara individu atau kelompok, hasil observasi terhadap suatu benda, kegiatan, dan hasil pengujian. Sumber data sekundernya diperoleh peneliti secara tidak langsung melalui media perantar, umumnya berupa bukti, catatan, atau laporan historis yang telah tersusun dalam arsip yang dipublikasikan dan yang tidak dipublikasikan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif yaitu yang digambarkan dengan kata-kata atau kalimat kemudian dianalisa secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan proses berfikir yang bertolak dari pengertian yang bersifat umum untuk ditarik kesimpulan yang menjadi khusus.Hasil penelitian Strategi Guru PAI dalam Mengimplementasikan Metode Gallery Walk untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Akidah Akhlak Kelas VIII cukup baik, terbukti diantaranya: siswa mampu mengikuti pelajaran dengan baik, mampu membuat suatu daftar baik berupa gambar maupun skema sesuai hal-hal yang ditemukan atau diperoleh pada saat diskusi, siswa dapat melihat langsung kekurangpahamannya dalam materi dengan melihat hasil karya teman yang lainnya dan dapat saling mengisi kekurangannya itu.
proses dan teknik supervisis
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

know the supervision of education. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material materials) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems.
Kepemimpinan Pendidikan
Authors: Hamini Haisya
Published: January 2020

This article explains about educational leadership. In every organization there needs to be a leader, including in schools. A leader has his own way of leading. Not all leaders are the same sometimes sometimes authoritarian and democratic. This means being able to influence people or groups to achieve the desired results and be determined together.In this case the principal as someone who is given the task to lead the school, the principal is responsible for achieving the school's goals. The principal is expected to be the leader and innovator in the school. Therefore, the quality of the principal's leadership is significant for school success. The school principal's professional ability as an educational leader is responsible for creating a conducive teaching and learning situation, so that teachers can carry out learning well and students can learn calmly. Besides that the principal is required to be able to work together with his subordinates, in this case the teacher.
administrasi layanan khusus
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

provide special services without any difference. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material materials) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems.
Penerapan Pentingnya Berbahasa terhadap Pekerja Pemula di Komplek Rumah Sakit
Authors: Siregar Mahmul Haidar
Published: January 2020

Language is a product of human culture that functions as a communication tool with language as well as we can explore the world of language holding an important role in human life. In addition to communication tools, language can also be used to increase knowledge by asking questions or reading language, it also plays a role in expressing hearts and feelings or conveying thoughts so that humans cannot escape from language activities. A scientific fact that supports the existence of a golden age period in early childhood is the result of neurology research that states that the potential for early childhood develops very tired, seeing that the momentum is used as a start to start efforts to educate the nation's hopes of life by fulfilling the learning process early on will provide benefits for increasing learning achievement, work ethic and productivity in the future to optimize the potential to achieve success later.
supervisi pendidikan
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

manage and regulate. Scientific articles should be prepared using systematic methods and steps to make it easy to conduct and carry out research. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material materials) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems.
administrasi tata usaha
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

know the administration in the administration so neatly arranged school program plans. Scientific articles should be prepared using systematic methods and steps to make it easy to conduct and carry out research. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material materials) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems.
Artikel ( 4 )
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

The purpose of student administration is to organize the activities of students from starting to enter school. This article is structured with systematic methods and steps to facilitate research. In this article, the researcher uses the literature study method by collecting literature (material materials) sourced from books, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration.
konsep administrasi pendidikan
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

in order to achieve a learning activity in the administration process. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material materials) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems
PTK 2
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

Administration can help, direct and manage all activities in order to achieve an objective of educators and educational staff. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems.
Context-aware experience sampling reveals the scale of variation in affective experience
Authors: Hoemann Katie , Khan Zulqarnain , Feldman Mallory , Nielson Catherine , Devlin Madeleine , Dy Jennifer , Barrett Lisa Feldman , Wormwood Jolie B. , Quigley Karen
Published: January 2020

Emotion research typically searches for consistency and specificity in physiological activity across instances of an emotion category, such as anger or fear, yet studies to date have observed more variation than expected. In the present study, we adopt an alternative approach, searching inductively for structure within variation, both within and across participants. Following a novel, physiologically-triggered experience sampling procedure, participants’ self-reports and peripheral physiological activity were recorded when substantial changes in cardiac activity occurred in the absence of movement. Unsupervised clustering analyses revealed variability in the number and nature of patterns of physiological activity that recurred within individuals, as well as in the affect ratings and emotion labels associated with each pattern. There were also broad patterns that recurred across individuals. These findings support a constructionist account of emotion which, drawing on Darwin, proposes that emotion categories are populations of variable instances tied to situation-specific needs.
Sympathetic nervous system dominance during stress recovery mediates associations between stress sensitivity and social anxiety symptoms in female adolescents
Authors: Ho Tiffany , Pham Holly , Miller Jonas G. , Kircanski Katharina , Gotlib Ian
Published: January 2020

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders diagnosed during adolescence. SAD is associated with both psychological stress reactivity and heightened physiological arousal; however, no study has systematically examined which aspects of autonomic nervous system function mediate the likely links between stress sensitivity and symptoms of SAD in adolescents. In this study, we assessed 163 adolescents (90 females; 12.29±1.39 years) with respect to severity of life stress and social anxiety symptoms and measured respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance levels (SCL) during a well-validated psychosocial stress paradigm composed of baseline, reactivity, and recovery periods. We operationalized stress sensitivity as the residual variance in subjective stress severity after accounting for objective stress severity and changes in autonomic regulation (relative to baseline) during reactivity and recovery using standardized change scores in RSA and SCL. We found that in females only, stress sensitivity and symptoms of SAD were significantly correlated with each other (p<0.001) and with autonomic regulation during both reactivity and recovery (all ps<0.04). Further, sympathetic nervous system dominance during recovery specifically mediated associations between stress sensitivity and symptoms of SAD (B=1.06, 95% CI: 0.02–2.64). In contrast, in males, stress sensitivity, autonomic regulation during reactivity or recovery, and symptoms of SAD were not significantly associated (all ps>0.1). We interpret these results in the context of psychobiological models of SAD and discuss implications for interventions targeting autonomic processes in this disorder.
Comparison of Two Ecological Momentary Intervention Modules for Treatment of Depression on Momentary Positive and Negative Affect
Authors: Ornée Daan Alexander , Bastiaansen Jojanneke A. , Oldehinkel Albertine
Published: January 2020

Ecological Momentary Interventions (EMI), comprising repeated self-assessments in daily life, have shown promise as intervention strategy for depression. Whether the content of such assessments influences affect has hardly received attention. The ZELF-i study consists of two EMA intervention (EMI) modules, enabling us to compare the impact of EMI content on the course of momentary affect during the intervention. Methods: ZELF-i is an add-on to depression treatment comprising intensive self-monitoring (5x/day, 28 days) and weekly personalized feedback. Patients with depressive complaints (N = 110; Mean age = 32.9, SD = 12.2; 44.5% male) were randomly assigned to one of two treatment modules focusing on activities and positive affect (“Do”) or on thoughts and negative affect (“Think”). Linear mixed models showed no significant (p > .18) differences between the two modules on both positive and negative affect over time. Across modules positive affect showed an initial decreasing trend, leveling off towards the end of the intervention period. Negative affect did not change significantly over time (p > .06). In our sample, the focus of the EMI did not impact momentary affect beyond any general effect of systematic self-monitoring. This means that a focus on negative affect instead of more general self-monitoring may not lead to added adverse effects on mood, which is an often voiced concern when using EMA in both research and clinical practice.Keywords: Depression, Ecological Momentary Assessment, Affect, Measurement Reactivity, Emotions, Pragmatic Clinical Trial
A Call for Greater Attention to Culture in the Study of Brain and Development
Authors: Qu Yang , Jorgensen Nathan , Telzer Eva H.
Published: January 2020

Despite growing research on neurobiological development, little attention has been paid to cultural and ethnic variation in neurodevelopmental processes. We present an overview of the current state of developmental cognitive neuroscience, with respect to its attention to cultural issues. Analyses based on 80 publications represented in 5 recent meta-analyses related to adolescent developmental neuroscience show that 99% of the publications utilized samples in Western countries. Only 22% of studies provided a detailed description of participants’ racial/ethnic background and 18% for socioeconomic status. Results reveal a trend in developmental cognitive neuroscience research: not only is this body of research mostly derived from Western samples, but the race/ethnicity of the majority of participants is unknown. To achieve a holistic perspective on brain development in different cultural contexts, we propose and highlight an emerging interdisciplinary approach – developmental cultural neuroscience – the intersection of developmental psychology, cultural psychology, and cognitive neuroscience. Developmental cultural neuroscience aims to elucidate cultural similarities and differences in neural processing across the lifespan. We call attention to the importance of incorporating culture into the empirical investigation of neurodevelopment.
Know Your Neighbor: The Impact of Social Context on Fairness Behavior
Authors: Sircar Neelanjan , Turley Ty , van der Windt Peter Cornelis , Voors Maarten
Published: January 2020

Laboratory experiments offer an opportunity to isolate human behaviors with a level of precision that is often difficult to obtain using other (survey-based) methods. Yet, experimental tasks are often stripped of any social context, implying that inferences may not directly map to real world contexts. We randomly allocate 632 individuals (grouped randomly into 316 dyads) from small villages in Sierra Leone to four versions of the ultimatum game. In addition to the classic ultimatum game, where both the sender and receiver are anonymous, we reveal the identity of the sender, the receiver or both. This design allows us to explore how fairness behavior is affected by social context in a natural setting where players are drawn from populations that are well-acquainted. We find that average offers increase when the receiver's identity is revealed, suggesting that anonymous ultimatum games underestimate expected fair offers. This study suggest that researchers wishing to relate laboratory behavior to contexts in which the participants are well-acquainted should consider revealing the identities of the players during game play.
Traditional Leaders and the 2014-2015 Ebola Epidemic
Authors: van der Windt Peter Cornelis , Voors Maarten
Published: January 2020

We assess the role of traditional authorities during an acute health crisis, the 2014-2015 Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone. We exploit plausible exogenous variation in the political competition for local chieftaincy positions and find evidence that traditional leaders helped shape the course of the epidemic. Locations with more “powerful” chiefs experienced substantially fewer recorded Ebola cases. We argue that this result is consistent with a view of traditional authorities as ‘stationary bandits’, where leaders are locally embedded and thus benefited directly from controlling the spread of the disease. Subsequently, control measures were most effectively implemented by more powerful chiefs.
Democracy and Health: Evidence from Within-Country Heterogeneity in the Congo
Authors: van der Windt Peter Cornelis , Vandoros Sotiris
Published: January 2020

The literature documents a positive association between democracy and health, and studies supporting this claim have largely relied on cross-country panel analyses. In many developing countries, however, local traditional leaders at the micro-level play a key role in individuals' daily lives while the influence of the national government is largely negligible. In response, this study revisits the relationship between democracy and health using micro-level household data from 816 randomly selected villages in Eastern Congo. We find little or no evidence that health outcomes are better in villages that are governed by elected leaders compared to villages where leaders are not elected. Our data suggest that efforts to improve health outcomes in this setting may need to focus on issues such as gender discrimination and education.
Exporting Democratic Practices: Evidence from a Village Governance Intervention in Eastern Congo
Authors: Humphreys Macartan , de la Sierra Raul Sanchez , van der Windt Peter Cornelis
Published: January 2020

We study a randomized Community Driven Reconstruction (CDR) intervention that provided two years of exposure to democratic practices in 1,250 villages in eastern Congo. To assess impacts, we examine behavior in a later village-level unconditional cash transfer project that distributed $1,000 to 457 treatment and control villages. The exercise provides opportunities to assess whether public funds get captured, what governance practices are employed by villagers and village elites and whether the intervention altered these behaviors. We find no evidence for such effects. The results cast doubt on current attempts to export democratic practices to local communities.
The Polarizing Impact of News Coverage on Populist Attitudes in the Public: Evidence from a Panel Study in four European Democracies
Authors: Müller Philipp , Schemer Christian , Wettstein Martin , Schulz Anne , Wirz Dominique S. , Engesser Sven , Wirth Werner
Published: January 2020

The study explores how news messages carrying parts of the populist ideology contribute to a polarization of public opinion about populism. It combines a content analysis of news coverage on two policy areas (N = 7,119 stories) with a two-wave panel survey (N = 2,338) in four European metropolitan regions (Berlin, Paris, London, Zurich). In three regions, unopposed media messages with a populist stance have a conditional effect on populist attitudes that depends on prior convictions. A higher dose of exposure to populist news coverage enhances both prior agreement and disagreement with populism. While the observed interaction patterns vary between regions, the general picture suggests that populist messages in the news foster polarization between public support and disapproval of populism.
Field Experiments and Humanitarian Assistance
Authors: Quattrochi John , Aker Jenny , van der Windt Peter Cornelis , Voors Maarten
Published: January 2020

The work of Nobel Laureates Banerjee, Duflo and Kremer has centered around the use of randomized control trials to help solve development problems. To date, however, few field experiments have been undertaken to evaluate the effects of humanitarian assistance. The reasons may lie in challenges related to logistics, fragility, security and ethics that often loom large in humanitarian settings. Yet every year, billions of dollars are spent on humanitarian aid, and policymakers are in need of rigorous evidence. In this paper, we reflect on the opportunities and risks of running experiments in humanitarian settings, and provide, as illustration, insights from our experiences with recent field experiments of large-scale humanitarian aid programs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Fishing, Commitment, and Communication: A Proposal for Comprehensive Nonbinding Research Registration
Authors: Humphreys Macartan , de la Sierra Raul Sanchez , van der Windt Peter Cornelis
Published: January 2020

Social scientists generally enjoy substantial latitude in selecting measures and models for hypothesis testing. Coupled with publication and related biases, this latitude raises the concern that researchers may intentionally or unintentionally select models that yield positive findings, leading to an unreliable body of published research. To combat this "fishing" problem in medical studies, leading journals now require preregistration of designs that emphasize the prior identification of dependent and independent variables. However, we demonstrate here that even with this level of advanced specification, the scope forfishing is considerable when there is latitude over selection of covariates, subgroups, and other elements of an analysis plan. These concerns could be addressed through the use of a form of comprehensive registration. We experiment with such an approach in the context of an ongoing field experiment for which we drafted a complete “mock report" of findings using fake data on treatment assignment. We describe the advantages and disadvantages of this form of registration and propose that a comprehensive but non-binding approach be adopted as a first step to combat fishing by social scientists. Likely effects of comprehensive but non-binding registration are discussed, the principle advantage being communication rather than commitment, in particular that it generates a clear distinction between exploratory analyses and genuine tests.
More Legislation, More Violence? The Impact of Dodd-Frank in the DRC
Authors: Stoop Nik , Verpoorten Marijke , van der Windt Peter Cornelis
Published: January 2020

The Dodd Frank Act was passed by the US Congress in July 2010 and included a provision—Section 1502—that aimed to break the link between conflict and minerals in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. To date there is only one rigorous quantitative analysis that investigates the impact of Dodd-Frank on local conflict events. Looking at the short-term impact (2011–2012), it finds that the policy backfired. This study builds on a larger, more representative, dataset of mining sites and extends the time horizon by three years (2013–2015). The results indicate that the policy also backfired in the longer run, especially in areas home to gold mines. For territories with the average number of gold mines, the introduction of Dodd-Frank increased the incidence of battles with 44%; looting with 51% and violence against civilians with 28%, compared to pre-Dodd Frank averages. Delving deeper into the impact of the conflict minerals legislation is important, as President Trump suspended the legislation in February 2017 for a two-year period, ordering his administration to replace it with another policy.
Crowdseeding in Eastern Congo: Using Cell Phones to Collect Conflict Events Data in Real Time
Authors: van der Windt Peter Cornelis , Humphreys Macartan
Published: January 2020

Poor-quality data about conflict events can hinder humanitarian responses and bias academic research. There is increasing recognition of the role that new information technologies can play in producing more reliable data faster. We piloted a novel data-gathering system in the Democratic Republic of Congo in which villagers in a set of randomly selected communities report on events in real time via short message service. We first describe the data and assess its reliability. We then examine the usefulness of such "crowdseeded" data in two ways. First, we implement a downstream experiment on aid and conflict and find evidence that aid can lead to fewer conflict events. Second, we examine conflict diffusion in Eastern Congo and find evidence that key dynamics operate at very micro levels. Both applications highlight the benefit of collecting conflict data via cell phones in real time.
Resources and Governance in Sierra Leone’s Civil War
Authors: Voors Maarten , van der Windt Peter Cornelis , Papaioannou Kostadis J. , Bulte Erwin
Published: January 2020

We empirically investigate the role of natural resources, and governance in explaining variation in the intensity of conflict during the 1991–2002 civil war in Sierra Leone. As a proxy for governance quality we exploit exogenous variation in political competition at the level of the chieftaincy. As a proxy for resources we use data on the location of pre-war mining sites. Our main result is that neither governance nor resources robustly explains the onset or duration of violence during the civil war in Sierra Leone.
Analysis of Gradient Descent Optimization Techniques with Gated Recurrent Unit for Stock Price Prediction: A Case Study on Banking Sector of Nepal Stock Exchange
Authors: Saud Arjun Singh , Shakya Subarna
Published: January 2020

The stock price is the cost of purchasing a security or stock in a stock exchange. The stock price prediction has been the aim of investors since the beginning of the stock market. It is the act of forecasting the future price of a company's stock. Nowadays, deep learning techniques are widely used for identifying the stock trends from large amounts of past data. This research has experimented two big and robust commercial banks listed in the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) and compared stock price prediction performance of GRU with three widely used gradient descent optimization techniques: Momentum, RMSProp, and Adam. GRU with Adam is more accurate and consistent approach for predicting stock prices from the present study.
Screening of erm Gene of Inducible Clindamycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Timsina Roshan , Timalsina Bivek , Singh Anjana
Published: January 2020

Antibiotic resistance exhibited by Staphylococcus aureus is a growing global concern. This work was undertaken to determine the prevalence rate of inducible clindamycin resistant S. aureus in nasal sample and detect ermB gene in the isolates with inducible clindamycin resistance. Nasal swabs were collected from the school children and cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and Blood Agar (BA) for observation of colony morphology. Gram staining and biochemical test (catalase, oxidase, O-F and coagulase) were performed for further identification of the bacteria. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using a cefoxitin disc (30 μg) was used to detect methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). All, the MRSA isolates were tested for ermB gene by PCR amplification. Among 64 S. aureus isolates, 17 (26 %) were MRSA. The prevalence of Inducible clindamycin resistant S. aureus (iMLSB) isolates was 23.4 % in the S. aureus isolates. All the isolates of MRSA were resistant to penicillin, while 88.2 % were sensitive to gentamicin. The prevalence of ermB gene was 3.1 % in the total S. aureus isolates and 11.7 % MRSA showed the presence of this gene. Routinely performing a D-test in laboratory will guide the clinicians on the rationale use of clindamycin and improving hygienic practices can reduce the spread of inducible clindamycin resistance.
Effect of Potassium Nitrate in ZnO Nanoparticle Synthesis to Study the Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Joshi Leela Pradhan , Bhatta Jeny , Katuwal Tika Bahadur , Kafle Bhim Prasad , Mulmi Deependra Das
Published: January 2020

X-ray diffraction, Raman investigations, band gap energy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) along with current-voltage characteristic curves of an assembled dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) are presented in this article. ZnO NPs were first synthesized with and without potassium nitrate (KNO3) salt by precipitation method from precursor solutions of zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide. Then, their thin films were deposited on FTO substrates from the paste made with acetic-acid glacial, and Triton X-100 in ethanol by doctor blade method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of ZnO NPs prepared without KNO3 annealed at 500°C showed a hexagonal wurtzite structure with preferred orientation along (101) planes and crystallite size of 25 nm. Very similar XRD pattern was found for ZnO NPs prepared with KNO3. The crystallite size was found decreased to 17 nm for ZnO NPs made with KNO3 salt. Raman spectrum of ZnO NPs showed the presence of E2 high or E2 (2) peak at 437 cm-1. The optical band gaps of the ZnO thin films prepared from ZnO NPs with and without KNO3 were measured to be of 3.16 eV and 3.26 eV, respectively. After sensitizing the above-prepared ZnO films by dye extract of Artocarpus lakoocha, the dye-sensitized solar cells were prepared, and their performance was tested by measuring I-V curves under light illumination of the power density of 1000 W/m2. The measurement showed highest Isc and Voc of 44 μA and 326 mV, respectively.
High Mortality and Altered Diurnal Activity Pattern of Captive Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) in Mrigasthali Enclosure, Pashupatinath Area, Kathmandu
Authors: KC Rita , Khanal Laxman
Published: January 2020

One of the major objectives of keeping the wild animals in captivity is their successful breeding, population growth and future translocation. However, many species have lesser behavioral flexibility and fail to establish a viable population in captive conditions due to poor management, intolerant climatic conditions, competitions with other co-housed species, diseases, etc. Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) is a nationally endangered and protected mammalian species of Nepal. Blackbucks have been kept under captivity of Mrigasthali enclosure at Pashupatinath Temple area in Kathmandu since 2004 AD and the population has dwindled sharply in recent years. This study was designed to assess the population trend and diurnal activity pattern of the species in the Mrigasthali enclosure. Population census data for the last fifteen years were analyzed and behavioral samplings were done by ‘Focal animal sampling’ and ‘Scan sampling’ methods from 5th April to 29th July 2016. The study revealed a sharp decrease of the population since the outbreak of the foot-and-mouth disease in 2014 exposing the remnant population into the risk of extirpation. The surviving individuals have the diurnal activity pattern and the time budgets prominently different than that of the wild populations, especially, they invest lesser time on feeding and more time on resting. Living in open areas despite cooler climate, intense competition for food and space with spotted deer and monkeys, lower behavioral flexibility of the species, anthropogenic disturbances, stochasticity related to the smaller population size, etc. were perceived as the major threats to the Blackbuck in Mrigasthali enclosure.
Technique for Measuring Magnitudes and Phases of Voltage and Current in the Band-Selective Parallel LCR Circuit
Authors: Lamichhane Hari Prasad
Published: January 2020

The current in the parallel LCR (inductor, capacitor and resistor) circuit depends not only on the magnitude of the applied electromotive force (emf) but also on its frequency. The circuit current in the parallel LCR circuit becomes very small in the resonating region, but at the same time, the potential difference across the LC tank becomes very large. These results are justified if there is a large induced current in the LC tank in such a way that the inductive and capacitive branch currents are nearly out of phase so that the vector sum of the currents be minimal. This theory can be verified by inserting a small series resistor in each branch. Finally, calculated magnitudes and phases of the potential differences across the newly connected resistors which are directly related to the magnitudes and phases of corresponding branch currents verify the theory.
Pengantar Redaksi
Authors: Salim M Nazir
Published: January 2020

Jurnal Bhumi (JB) Volume 5 Nomor 1 Mei 2019 mengangkat beberapa isu aktual persoalan agraria dan kebijakan dengan memberikan beberapa perspektif yang cukup luas dan menarik. Ada 10 artikel yang hadir dengan berbagai isu yang berbeda namun dibungkus dalam satu isu besar yakni kebijakan agraria Indonesia dalam semangat menemukan solusi atas berbagai hal yang terjadi di masyarakat. Beberapa artikel hadir sangat akseleratif atas berbagai persoalan di lapangan, dan solutif di dalam melihat persoalan agraria sebagai sebuah persoalan dan agenda bangsa. Kesepuluh artikel tersebut adalah: (1) Mohamad Shohibuddin, yang mengangkat persoalan ‘Menanggulangi Ketimpangan Agraria’; (2) Agus Suntoro, yang mengangkat persoalan ‘Ganti kerugian di dalam pengadaan tanah dalam perspektif HAM; (3) Agung Wibowo, menghadirkan isu ‘Pencadangan Hutan Adat di Indonesia’; (4) Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani dkk, menghadirkan persoalan ‘Ketersediaan Lahan pada Komunitas Petani’; (5) Grace Leksana, menghadirkan kajian ‘Ketimpangan dan Kontinuitas Patronase dalam Sejarah Perubahan Agraria’; (6) Sartika Intaning Pradhani mengulas ‘Diskursus Teori dan Peran perempuan dalam pusaran konflik agraria’; (7) Asri Widayati dan Suparjan, mengangkat ‘Perjuangan Nahdlatul Ulama dalam Mewujudkan Kedaulatan Sumber Daya Agraria’; (8) Amir Mahmud, menghadirkan ‘Pemikiran Sajogyo tentang Kemiskinan dalam Perspektif Agraria Kritis’; (9) Westi Utama dkk, menghadirkan artikel yang cukup menarik tentang ‘Analisis Spasial untuk Lokasi Relokasi Masyarakat Terdampak Bencana’;, dan terakhir (10) Anggiat Perdamean Parsaulian dan Sudjito menutup edisi ini dengan menghadirkan ‘Problem Tumpang Tindih Sertipikat Hak Milik atas Tanah’.
Kota Sebagai Ruang Terbuka: Belajar Dari Waduk Sepat, Surabaya
Authors: Novenanto Anton
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This paper chronicles a case of land dispute through a sociospatial lens (Gottdiener, Hutchison and Ryan, 2015) with a specific case of the dynamic of urban spatial management of the city of Surabaya. Key structural changes of public spaces in Surabaya have been running starting from the late 1990s for the local government was given authority to manage its space. Simultaneously, the plethora of freedom spirit since Reformasi 1998 has been reshaping citizens’ politics towards their city as public space. Relying on secondary data, this paper argues that the dynamic of city spatial management has been colored by struggles of various actors in reclaiming public places. Surabaya, like other big cities all over the world, is an open field for power contestations over a space for living. Intisari: Paper ini mengurai sebuah kasus sengketa lahan menggunakan lensa sosiospasial (Gottdiener, Hutchison and Ryan, 2015) dengan mengangkat dinamika pengaturan ruang urban di Kota Surabaya. Perubahan-perubahan penting atas tempat-tempat umum di Surabaya terjadi sejak era akhir 1990an akibat peralihan kewenangan pada pemerintah daerah untuk melakukan penataan ruangnya. Pada saat bersamaan, luberan semangat kebebasan sejak Reformasi 1998 telah mengubah model strategi politik warga atas kotanya sebuah ruang bersama. Mengandalkan data sekunder, paper ini menunjukkan bahwa dinamika penataan ruang kota selalu diwarnai oleh perjuangan beragam aktor dalam memperebutkan tempat-tempat umum. Seperti halnya kota-kota besar lainnya, Surabaya adalah sebuah arena pertarungan terbuka bagi pelbagai kepentingan atas sebuah ruang kehidupan.
Rekonstruksi Kebijakan Tanah Eks Kerajaan Di Indonesia Berbasis Nilai Keadilan Sosial (Studi Kasus Tanah Eks Kerajaan Di Bali)
Authors: Dewi Iga Gangga Santi
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The phenomenon of substantive injustice related to the kingdom land policy of in the Dictum IV letter A of the UUPA which states that “The rights and authorities of the land and water of the Swapraja or former Swapraja (kingdom) which still exist at the time of entry into force of this law are removed and transferred to the State”, is an injustice felt by former kingdom, considering that land rights are private rights that cannot be taken arbitrarily. This happened also because there was no proper compensation for the loss of the rights of their comfort in life due to arbitrary land acquisition by the state. Land Office must be a progressiveminded office which is able to interpret which laws need to be applied to realize substantial justice and which laws already contain justice. The ideal new construction of the concept of justice in former kingdom land policies based on progressive law is nothing but to realize substantial justice. The whole process of the operation of the legal implementation instrument (Land Office) must be verifiable into the factors of justice, welfare, concern for the people and others, all of which has been contained in the values   of Pancasila. Intisari: Fenomena ketidakadilan substantif terkait kebijakan tanah eks kerajaan dalam Diktum IV huruf A UUPA bahwa “Hak-hak dan wewenang-wewenang atas bumi dan air dari Swapraja atau bekas Swapraja (kerajaan) yang masih ada pada waktu mulai berlakunya undang-undang ini hapus dan beralih kepada Negara”, merupakan ketidakadilan yang dirasakan oleh pihak eks kerajaan mengingat hak atas tanah adalah hak pribadi yang tidak boleh diambil sewenang-wenang. Hal ini terjadi juga karena tidak diberikannya ganti rugi yang layak atas kehilangan hak-hak kenyamanan kehidupan mereka akibat pengambilalihan tanah secara sewenang-wenang oleh negara.  Kantor Pertanahan harus berpikiran progresif yang mampu menafsirkan mana hukum yang perlu diterapkan untuk mewujudkan keadilan substansial dan mana hukum yang sebenarnya sudah mengandung keadilan. Konstruksi baru yang ideal yaitu  konsep keadilan dalam kebijakan tanah eks kerajaan berbasis hukum progresif, tidak lain adalah untuk mewujudkan keadilan substansial. Seluruh proses bekerjanya instrumen pelaksana hukum (Kantor Pertanahan) tersebut harus bisa diverifikasi ke dalam faktor-faktor keadilan, kesejahteraan, kepedulian kepada rakyat, yang kesemuanya itu telah terkandung dalam nilai-nilai Pancasila.
Kondisi Aktual Penguasaan Tanah Ulayat Di Maluku: Telaah Terhadap Gagasan Pendaftaran Tanahnya
Authors: Sitorus Oloan
Published: January 2020

Abstract: What land registration concept is suitable for Tanah Ulayat (Petuanan Land)? This question is relevant to be answered when the actual conditions of tenurial of the Petuanan Land have undergone an individualization process. The above question is answered by applying the concept of land registration to the actual conditions of customary land tenure. For Petuanan Land which is still intact containing public authority and private right, the proper concept of land registration is only limited to the Land Register. Furthermor, Petuanan Land that has undergone the process of individualization into Tanah Marga or Soa and individual land, the concept of land registration can be carried out up to the issuance of certificates as proof of land rights. Thus, the portion of Petuanan Land that can be the object of Complete Systematic Land Registration in Maluku Province is Petuanan Land that has undergone a process of individualization, can be land that is possessed or owned  by traditional village (although very rare), clan or soa. Intisari: Pendaftaran Tanah yang bagaimanakah yang tepat bagi Tanah Ulayat (Tanah Petuanan) di Maluku? Pertanyaan ini dipandang relevan untuk dijawab ketika kondisi aktual penguasaan Tanah Ulayat (Tanah Petuanan) itu sudah mengalami proses individualisasi. Pertanyaan di atas dijawab dengan cara menerapkan konsep pendaftaran tanah terhadap kondisi aktual penguasaan tanah ulayat. Bagi Tanah Petuanan yang masih utuh berisi kewenangan publik dan privat, konsep pendaftaran tanah yang tepat hanyalah sebatas Daftar Tanah. Selanjutnya, Tanah Petuanan yang sudah mengalami proses individualisasi menjadi Tanah Marga atau Soa dan Tanah Individual, maka konsep pendaftaran tanah dapat dilakukan sampai pada penerbitan sertipikat sebagai bukti hak atas tanah. Dengan demikian, bagian dari Tanah Petuanan yang dapat menjadi objek Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematik Lengkap di Provinsi Maluku adalah Tanah Petuanan yang sudah mengalami proses individualisasi, dapat berupa tanah yang dikuasai oleh negeri (meskipun sangat jarang), tanah yang dikuasai marga atau soa, dan tanah yang dikuasai oleh perorangan.
Iregularitas Agraria “Tanah Timbul” (Aanslibbing) Dan Perubahan Lanskap Di Wilayah Pesisir Ujung Pangkah, Gresik Jawa Timur’
Authors: Christian Yoppie , Budiman M. Asyief Khasan , Fahrudin Achmad , Santoso Nyoto
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Until 2018, “aanslibbing” or channelbar at two coastal villages of Ujung Pangkah reached 4644,98 hectares with an average of 8-12 hectares per year increased. However, from satellite images, during the years of 2016-2018, this area declined by 115.87 hectares due to coastal abrasion.This research aims to analyze the landscape change and the occupation process of the channelbar until 2018 and identify the implication toward tenurial security and the sustainability of coastal environment of Ujung Pangkah, Gresik. The method used for the research were satellite image interpretation, groundcheck, and socio-juridical analysis related to social and juridical implication of the occupation of channelbar on two villages.  The research showed that the occupation of  channelbar in Ujung Pangkah implicated on two issues namely coastal landscape change including the loss of mangrove ecosystem due to pond extension and land conflict potential. In conclusion, the agrarian irregularity practice constitute an issue for the dynamic type of land existence like channelbar, therefore its tenurial security must be addressed as a priority issue for agrarian regulator in the region. Intisari: Hingga tahun 2018, “aanslibbing” atau “tanah timbul” di dua desa pesisir Ujung Pangkah mencapai 4644,98 hektar dengan rata-rata peningkatan luas lahan 8-12 hektar per tahun. Namun dari citra satelit pada periode 2016-2018 daerah ini mengalami penurunan luas hingga 115,87 hektar karena abrasi pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses perubahan lanskap dan penguasaan tanah timbul di Ujung Pangkah sampai tahun 2018 dan mengidentifikasi implikasinya terhadap keamanan tenurial dan keberlanjutan lingkungan pesisir di Ujung Pangkah, Gresik. Metode yang digunakan adalah interpretasi citra,groundcheck lahan dan analisis deskriptif sosiologis yuridis menyangkut implikasi-implikasi sosial dan hukum dari praktik penguasaan tanah timbul di dua desa tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan “tanah timbul”di Ujung Pangkah berimplikasi pada dua hal, yaitu perubahan lanskap pantai termasuk hilangnya ekosistem mangrove untuk perluasan tambak, dan potensi konflik pertanahan maupun konsentrasi lahan.Sebagai kesimpulan,praktik iregularitas agraria merupakan satu masalah bagi jenis lahan yang eksistensinya dinamis seperti tanah timbul, maka kepastian tenurialnya harus mendapatkan prioritas perhatian oleh regulator pertanahan di daerah.
Pemetaan Lahan Potensial Perumahan Di Kota Surakarta Berdasarkan Pendekatan Analisis
Authors: Basworo Gung Putro
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The growth of trade centers, inns, office buildings, meetinghouses and other supporting facilities has a direct impact on the increase in population as well as the need for land for housing amid the limited land. This resulted the disparity problem between the built housing and the amount of housing needed by the community. This study aims to examine the potential of the land for the provision of housing based on the results of spatial data processing. This study used quantitative analysis method through a geographic information system based spatial analysis approach. The existence of the built-up area and the suitability of the Surakarta City space utilization plan was taken into consideration. In the process, it was found that the tendency for locations was in the northern part of Surakarta City where the results of the land value analysis showed that the area was suitable for housing, but the security analysis showed inappropriate results and even restricted. The findings in the housing land suitability analysis showed that the results of the accessibility analysis and the results of the analysis of the affordability of water and sanitation systems had a significant effect. The analysis found that out of 51 urban villages there were 43 urban villages that had potential land for housing with a level of conformity from appropriate to inappropriate level. Intisari: Pertumbuhan pusat perdagangan, penginapan, gedung perkantoran, gedung pertemuan dan fasilitas pendukung lainnya berdampak langsung pada penambahan populasi dan kebutuhan lahan untuk perumahan di tengah lahan yang terbatas. Hal ini mengakibatkan masalah kesenjangan antara perumahan yang dibangun dengan jumlah perumahan yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi lahan untuk penyediaan perumahan berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data spasial. Metode analisis kuantitatif digunakan melalui pendekatan analisis spasial berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Keberadaan area terbangun dan kesesuaian rencana pemanfaatan ruang Kota Surakarta menjadi pertimbangan. Dalam prosesnya, ditemukan bahwa kecenderungan lokasi berada di bagian utara Kota Surakarta di mana hasil analisis nilai tanah menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut cocok untuk perumahan, tetapi analisis keamanan menunjukkan hasil yang tidak sesuai dan bahkan dibatasi. Temuan dalam analisis kesesuaian lahan perumahan menunjukkan bahwa hasil analisis aksesibilitas dan hasil analisis keterjangkauan sistem air dan sanitasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa dari 51 kelurahan terdapat 43 kelurahan yang memiliki lahan potensial untuk perumahan dengan tingkat kesesuaian yang sesuai sampai dengan tidak sesuai.