bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecology and power engineering of the future
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Myasnikov Yu.
Published: May 2021

Object and purpose of research. The object of the research is the influence of the world power industry on the ecology and safety of human and nature. The purpose is to identify ways of energy industry development based on the basic criterion of "harmony with nature". Materials and methods. Analysis of regulatory documents, literature, Internet sources, calculation systematization and classification of statistical data. Main results. A convincing evidence base has been provided for the vector of world power engineering development based on the active replacement of hydrocarbons by nuclear energy. Conclusion. Conclusion. Global warming and the energy crisis are just around the corner, and only nuclear power can solve these problems, providing humanity's increasing energy needs in harmony with nature. The main question today is not related to technology, but to psychology. The task is to systematically form public opinion about the safe operation of nuclear power.
Monofunctionalized Gold Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Applications
Authors: Peters E. Henrik , Mayor Marcel
Published: May 2021

An overview of various approaches to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) bearing one single chemically addressable unit and their diverse fields of application is presented. This comprehensive review not only describes the strategies pursued to obtain monofunctionalized AuNPs,
but also reports their behavior as 'massive' molecules in wet chemical protocols and the scope of their applications. The latter reaches from site-specific labels in biomolecules over mechanical barriers in superstructures to building blocks in hybrid nano-architectures. The complementing
physical properties of AuNPs combined with precise chemical control of their attachment makes these objects promising building blocks for numerous proof-of-concept experiments and applications.
Régészeti feltárások Somogy megyében 2012–2015
Authors: Honti Szilvia , Aradi Csilla , Balogh Csilla , György László , Költő László , Molnár István , Németh Péter Gergely , Skriba-Nagy Mónika , Somogyi Krisztina , Tokai Zita Mária
Published: May 2021

In the first half of the study excavation projects fi-nanced through grants are described during the 2012-2015 period (Bárdudvarnok, Iharos, szőkedencs, őrtilos, zamár-di). In the second half the archaeological results of those pre-liminary excavations are dealt with which are connected to a given project e.g. the construction of Route No. 67., of the gas pipeline between Csombárd and Edde, and of the southern Balaton sewage pipeline. At the end of the paper the outcome of various other projects - further preliminary excavations, find protection and archaeological observation are mentioned.
Egy Petzval-vitáról
Authors: Albertini Béla
Published: May 2021

In 1920, Eduard Kuchinka from Vienna started a debate with Viktor Teißler from Prague in the „Photographis-che Korrespondenz”. The latter stated in London’s Penrose’s Annual that given his place of birth, Josef Petzval (Petzval József 1807‒1891), the famous lens constructor was of “Czechoslovakian” descent. Kuchinka showed that Szepes-béla, Petzval’s place of birth became part of Czechoslovakia only after the World War. The author from Vienna compen-sated the Czechoslovakian bias with his own German bias: according to him, Petzval was of German descent. The true facts are: József Petzval was born on the territory of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, with his paternal side being Czech (maybe Moravian), his spindle side being German. Any such claim of appropriation is unscholarly.
La coltura in vitro per la conservazione della biodiversità orticola
Authors: Ruta Claudia , Lambardi Maurizio
Published: May 2021

Today, in vitro culture is a strategic tool to support medium and long-term conservation of plant genetic resources by using the slow growth storage of shoot cultures and the cryopreservation of organs and tissues. Over the last 30 years, considerable progresses were made in the development of both techniques that are nowadays considered as ex situ conservation strategies complementary to traditional seed banks and in-field clonal collections. Efficient protocols were developed for the conservation of a large number of crops, including important vegetables of the temperate environment (garlic, artichoke, asparagus, mint, potato, sweet potato, tomato, red chicory, thyme). Conservation in slow growth storage consists in modifying the medium and/or culture conditions to reduce the growth of plant material without affecting the viability and regrowth potential of shoots when moved back to standard culture conditions. The technique allows medium-term crops conservation, with a storage time of vegetables ranging from a few months to two years and more, without recurring subculturing typical of micropropagation. Cryopreservation preserves plant organs and tissues at ultra-low temperature, as liquid nitrogen temperature (-196°C). Currently, various techniques are available, based on cold tolerance induction by cell cytoplasm vitrification during the fast ultra-freezing through in liquid nitrogen immersion of explants. The term “vitrification” refers to the solidification of a liquid without crystallization. If induced in plant cells, it avoids the formation of lethal intra-cellular ice crystals during the ultra-freezing process, keeping tissues at stopped metabolism condition but vital. Working with vegetables, the techniques based on direct immersion of specimens in liquid nitrogen (“one-step freezing”, such as the “droplet-method”, the “PVS2 vitrification”, the “encapsulation-based” and the “cryo plate-based” procedures) are the most used. Further, the “two-step freezing”, i.e. the slow explants cooling before immersion in liquid nitrogen, still finds some applications. The experimental activity mainly focused on three economically important species, i.e., Allium sp., potato and sweet potato. Currently, almost 38,000 accessions of garlic, cassava, mint, potato, sweet potato, taro, yam are maintained in 17 genetic resources conservation centers, located in 12 Countries and 5 Continents (Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America). Approximately 4/5 of these accessions are maintained in vitro by means of slow growth storage of shoot cultures, but more recent cryopreservation is constantly growing, and over 7,500 accessions from vegetables are stored at -196 °C. The germplasm of potato (Solanum sp.) is by far the most collected in the world, with almost 17,700 accessions presently maintained in in vitro banks and cryobanks.
Prediction Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome for Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 Pneumonia
Authors:   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, J Zhang , F Wang ,   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, C Yang ,   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, X Jiang ,   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, L Su ,   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, Z Peng ,   Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, X Liu ,   Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, China, J Yang ,   Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, China
Published: May 2021

Background: COVID-19 pneumonia has become a worldwide epidemic. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a major cause of mortality. Early recognition the risk of ARDS of COVID-19 patients is vital. Methods: Descriptive study from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Wuhan Fourth Hospital. 394 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from January 1 to March 15, 2020. Results: We developed a risk prediction model of ARDS for COVID-19 among 394 enrolled patients. The variables included in the model were sex, age, diabetes mellitus, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, serum urea levels, and pulmonary lesion range. The model performed well in predicting ARDS occurrence with excellent discrimination (C-stat=0.81) and appropriate calibration. The predictive value of our model was better than that of the Lung Injury Prediction Score (LIPS) in the discovery set [AUC: 0.77 (0.71, 0.82) vs 0.68 (0.61, 0.75), P=0.02]. Conclusions: Our prediction model provides clinicians and researchers a simple tool to screen for COVID-19 patients at high risk of ARDS. Potential clinical benefits of using this model deserve assessment.
Similar Diagnostic Accuracy and Reproducibility of BIRADS 4 and 5 Lesions in Radial and Meander-Like Breast Ultrasound
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital, USA, P Brasier-Lutz , C Jäggi-Wickes ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital, USA, R Burian ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital, USA, S Schaedelin ,   Khyber Teaching Hospital, Pakistan, CA Schoenenberger ,   Gynecology/Gynecologic Oncology, St. Claraspital Basel, Switzerland, R Zanetti-Dällenbach ,   Gynecology/Gynecologic Oncology, St. Claraspital Basel, Switzerland
Published: May 2021

Breast ultrasound is crucial in the diagnostics of breast cancer. While meander-like Ultrasound (m-US) is most commonly used, radial Ultrasound (r- US) is emerging as suitable alternative. Breast lesions category BI-RADS 4 and 5 are suspicious and highly suggestive of malignancy, respectively, and mandate breast biopsy. We compare m-US and r-US in real-time with regard to diagnostic accuracy, examination time and the agreement in location, size and final BIRADS classification of BI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions. Out of 1948 dual examinations (m-US and r-US), 57 lesions were classified as BI-RADS 4 or 5 either by r-US or m-US or by both scanning methods. For breast lesions category BI-RADS 4 or 5, sensitivity (both scan methods 94.1%), specificity (m-US 21.7%, r-US 39.1%), cancers missed rate (both 5.9%), accuracy (m-US 64.9%, r-US 71.9%), positive predictive value (m-US 64.0%, r-US 69.6%) and negative predictive value (both 100%) were similar. In m-US, the malignancy rate for category BI-RADS 5 was 93.8% versus for 50.0% for BI-RADS 4 whereas in r-US, malignancy rates were 88.2% and 58.6% for category BI-RADS 5 and 4, respectively. The examination was significantly shorter (p<0.01) for r-US (13.6 minutes) compared to m-US (27.8 minutes). Our results support radial ultrasound as an alternative to meander-like ultrasound in breast lesions category BI-RADS 4 and 5 where patients benefit from a significantly shorter examination time.
Chest Exposure to X-Rays of Female Interventional Electrophysiologist
Authors:   Cardiology and Electrophysiology Unit, S. Maria Nuova Hospital, Italy, M Giaccardi , F Turreni ,   Cardiology and Electrophysiology Unit, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy, F Rossi ,   Health Physics Unit Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Italy, T Chechi ,   Cardiology Unit, S. Maria Annunziata Hospital, Italy, S Mazzocchi ,   Health Physics Unit Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence Empoli, Italy
Published: May 2021

Interventional Female Cardiologists (WIC) operating in high case mix laboratories are exposed to a significant chest X-Ray scattered dose from the patient. In this setting stochastic effect may be highly detrimental because of breast radiation sensitivity. Aim of this study is to measure and optimize WICs’ chest radiation exposure in a high case mix electrophysiology laboratory, in order to validate and implement the use of personal protective equipment and lead equivalent glass viewing window, and to evaluate chest X-Ray exposure behind the protective equipment.
Quantum Chemical Calculations of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte and Interphase Species
Authors: Spotte-Smith Evan Walter Clark , Blau Samuel , Xie Xiaowei , Patel Hetal , Wen Mingjian , Wood Brandon , Dwaraknath Shyam , Persson Kristin
Published: May 2021

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) represent the state of the art in high-density energy storage. To further advance LIB technology, a fundamental understanding of the underlying chemical processes is required. In particular, the decomposition of electrolyte species and associated formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is critical for LIB performance. However, SEI formation is poorly understood, in part due to insufficient exploration of the vast reactive space. The Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte(LIBE) dataset reported here aims to provide accurate first-principles data to improve the understanding of SEI species and associated reactions. The dataset was generated by fragmenting a set of principal molecules, including solvents, salts, and SEI products, and then selectively recombining a subset of the fragments. All candidate molecules were analyzed at the ωB97X-V/def2-TZVPPD/SMD level of theory at various charges and spin multiplicities. In total, LIBE contains structural,thermodynamic, and vibrational information on over 17,000 unique species. In addition to studies of reactivity in LIBs, this dataset may prove useful for machine learning of molecular and reaction properties.
Radical Chain Monoalkylation of Pyridines
Authors: Rieder Samuel , Meléndez Camilo , Mulliri Kleni , Renaud Philippe
Published: May 2021

The monoalkylation of N-methoxypyridinium salts with alkyl radicals generated from alkenes (via hydroboration with catecholborane), alkyl iodides (via iodine atom transfer) and xanthates is reported. The reaction proceeds under neutral conditions since no acid is needed to activate the heterocycle and does not require the use of an external oxidant. A rate constant for the addition of a primary radical to N-methoxylepidinium >107 M–1 s–1 was experimentally determined. This rate constant is more than one order of magnitude larger than the one measured for the addition of primary alkyl radical to protonated lepidine demonstrating the remarkable reactivity of methoxypyridinium salts towards radicals. The reaction could be extended to a three component carbopyridinylation of electron rich alkenes including enol esters, enol ethers and enamides.
Label-Free Plasmonic Biosensor for Rapid, Quantitative, and Highly Sensitive COVID-19 Serology: Implementation and Clinical Validation
Authors: Calvo-Lozano Olalla , Sierra MIquel , Soler Maria , Estevez M.-Carmen , Chiscano-camon luis , Ruiz-Sanmartín Adolfo , Ruiz-Rodriguez Juan Carlos , Ferrer Ricard , González-López Juan José , Esperalba Juliana , fernandez-naval Candela , Bueno leticia , López-Aladid Rubén , Torres Antoni , Fernández-Barat Laia , Attoumani Sarah , Charrel Remi , Coutard Bruno , Lechuga Laura M.
Published: May 2021

Serological tests are essential for the control and management of COVID-19 pandemic, not only for current and historical diagnostics but especially for surveillance, epidemiological, and acquired immunity studies. Clinical COVID-19 serology is routinely performed by enzymatic or chemiluminescence immunoassays (i.e., ELISA or CLIA), which provide good sensitivities at the expense of relatively long turnaround times and specialized laboratory settings. Rapid serological tests, based on lateral flow assays, have also been developed and widely commercialized, but they suffer from limited reliability due to relatively low sensitivity and specificity. We have developed and validated a direct serological biosensor assay employing proprietary technology based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The biosensor offers a rapid -less than 15 min- identification and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies directly in clinical samples, without the need of any signal amplification. The portable plasmonic biosensor device employs a custom-designed multi-antigen sensor biochip, combining the two main viral antigens (RBD peptide and N protein), for simultaneous detection of human antibodies targeting both antigens. The SPR serology assay reaches detection limits in the low ng mL-1 range employing polyclonal antibodies as standard, which are well below the commonly detected antibody levels in COVID-19 patients. The assay has also been implemented employing the first WHO approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin standard. We have carried out a clinical validation with COVID-19 positive and negative samples (n=120) that demonstrates the excellent diagnostic sensitivity (99%) and specificity (100%). This positions our biosensor device as an accurate, robust, and easy-to-use diagnostics tool for rapid and reliable COVID-19 serology to be employed both at laboratory and decentralized settings for the management of COVID-19 patients and for the evaluation of immunological status during vaccination, treatment or in front of emerging variants.
Chemistry and Racism: A Special Topics Course for Students Taking General Chemistry at Barnard College in Fall 2020
Authors: Babb Lauren , Austin Rachel
Published: May 2021

Science education research has shown that systemic racism, microaggressions, and unwelcoming or unsupportive climates disproportionally impact the ability of some individuals to flourish in chemistry. In order to help students taking general chemistry learn about the impact of systemic racism in chemistry and to provide them with a venue to discuss this issue, a special seminar-style course was created. This relatively low intensity course successfully created a space for intense conversation, reflection, increased understanding of some of the aspects of racism in chemistry, and the impetus for institutional change. A description of the course, along with student opinions, and co-facilitator reflections, are presented.
Poly(ethylene Glycol-Block-2-Ethyl-2-Oxazoline) as Cathode Binder in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chien Yu-Chuan , Jang Hohyoun , Brandell Daniel , Lacey Matthew
Published: May 2021

Functional binders constitute a strategy to overcome several challenges that lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are facing due to soluble reaction intermediates in the positive electrode. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) are in this context a previously well-explored binder mixture. Their ether and amide groups possess affinity to the dissolved sulfur species, which enhances the sulfur utilization and mitigates the parasitic redox shuttle. However, the immiscibility of PEO and PVP is a concern for electrode stability. Copolymers comprising ether and amide groups are thus promising candidates to improve the stability the system. Here, a series of poly(ethylene glycol-block-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) with various block lengths is synthesized and explored as binders in S/C composite electrodes in Li-S cells. While the electrochemical analyses show that although the sulfur utilization and capacity retention of the tested electrodes are similar, the integrity of the as-cast electrodes can play a key role for power capability.
Local and Regional-Scale Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Air Pollution Determined by Long-Term Mobile Monitoring
Authors: Chambliss Sarah , Pinon Carlos , Messier Kyle , LaFranchi Brian , Upperman Crystal , Lunden Melissa , Robinson Allen , Marshall Julian D. , Apte Joshua
Published: May 2021

Disparity in air pollution exposure arises from variation at multiple spatial scales: along urban-to-rural gradients, between individual cities within a metropolitan region, within individual neighborhoods, and between city blocks. Here, we improve on existing capabilities to systematically compare urban variation at several scales, from hyperlocal (<100m) to regional (>10km), and to assess consequences for the outdoor air pollution experienced by residents of different races and ethnicities, by creating a set of uniquely extensive and high-resolution observations of spatially-variable pollutants: NO, NO2, black carbon (BC), and ultrafine particles (UFP). We conducted full coverage monitoring of a wide sample of urban and suburban neighborhoods (93 km2, 450,000 residents) in four counties of the San Francisco Bay Area using Google Street View cars. Comparing scales of variation across the sampled population, greater differences arise from localized pollution gradients for BC and NO (pollutants dominated by primary sources) and from regional gradients for UFP and NO2 (pollutants dominated by secondary contributions). Median concentrations of UFP, NO, and NO2 are, for Hispanic and Black populations, 8%-30% higher than the population average; for white populations, average exposures to the same pollutants are 9%-14% lower than the population average. Systematic racial/ethnic disparities are strongly affected by regional differences in background concentrations due to sharp contrasts in demographic composition among cities and urban districts, while within-group extremes arise from local peaks. Our results illustrate how detailed and extensive fine-scale pollution observations can add new insights about differences and disparities in air pollution exposures at the population scale.
ChemSpaX: Exploration of Chemical Space by Automated Functionalization of Molecular Scaffold
Authors: Kalikadien Adarsh , Pidko Evgeny A. , Sinha Vivek
Published: May 2021

Local chemical space exploration of an experimentally synthesized material can be done by making slight structuralvariations of the synthesized material. This generation of many molecular structures with reasonable quality,that resemble an existing (chemical) purposeful material, is needed for high-throughput screening purposes inmaterial design. Large databases of geometry and chemical properties of transition metal complexes are notreadily available, although these complexes are widely used in homogeneous catalysis. A Python-based workflow,ChemSpaX, that is aimed at automating local chemical space exploration for any type of molecule, is introduced.The overall computational workflow of ChemSpaX is explained in more detail. ChemSpaX uses 3D information,to place functional groups on an input structure. For example, the input structure can be a catalyst for which onewants to use high-throughput screening to investigate if the catalytic activity can be improved. The newly placedsubstituents are optimized using a computationally cheap force-field optimization method. After placement ofnew substituents, higher level optimizations using xTB or DFT instead of force-field optimization are also possiblein the current workflow. In representative applications of ChemSpaX, it is shown that the structures generated byChemSpaX have a reasonable quality for usage in high-throughput screening applications. Representative applicationsof ChemSpaX are shown by investigating various adducts on functionalized Mn-based pincer complexes,hydrogenation of Ru-based pincer complexes, functionalization of cobalt porphyrin complexes and functionalizationof a bipyridyl functionalized cobalt-porphyrin trapped in a M2L4 type cage complex. Descriptors such asthe Gibbs free energy of reaction and HOMO-LUMO gap, that can be used in data-driven design and discoveryof catalysts, were selected and studied in more detail for the selected use cases. The relatively fast GFN2-xTBmethod was used to calculate these descriptors and a comparison was done against DFT calculated descriptors.ChemSpaX is open-source and aims to bolster the efforts of the scientific community towards data-driven materialdiscovery.
The Logic of Internal Rational Agent
Authors: Petrukhin Yaroslav
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new four-valued logic which may be viewed as a variation on the theme of Kubyshkina and Zaitsev's Logic of Rational Agent \textbf{LRA} \cite{LRA}. We call our logic $ \bf LIRA$ (Logic of Internal Rational Agency). In contrast to \textbf{LRA}, it has three designated values instead of one and a different interpretation of truth values, the same as in Zaitsev and Shramko's bi-facial truth logic \cite{ZS}. This logic may be useful in a situation when according to an agent's point of view (i.e. internal point of view) her/his reasoning is rational, while from the external one it might be not the case. One may use \textbf{LIRA}, if one wants to reconstruct an agent's way of thinking, compare it with respect to the real state of affairs, and understand why an agent thought in this or that way. Moreover, we discuss Kubyshkina and Zaitsev's necessity and possibility operators for \textbf{LRA} definable by means of four-valued Kripke-style semantics and show that, due to two negations (as well as their combination) of \textbf{LRA}, two more possibility operators for \textbf{LRA} can be defined. Then we slightly modify all these modalities to be appropriate for $\bf LIRA$. Finally, we formalize all the truth-functional $ n $-ary extensions of the negation fragment of $\bf LIRA$ (including $\bf LIRA$ itself) as well as their basic modal extension via linear-type natural deduction systems.
From Hilbert proofs to consecutions and back
Authors: Øgaard Tore Fjetland
Published: May 2021

Restall set forth a "consecution" calculus in his An Introduction to Substructural Logics. This is a natural deduction type sequent calculus where the structural rules play an important role.  This paper looks at different ways of extending Restall's calculus. It is shown that Restall's weak soundness and completeness result with regards to a Hilbert calculus can be extended to a strong one so as to encompass what Restall calls proofs from assumptions. It is also shown how to extend the calculus so as to validate the metainferential rule of reasoning by cases, as well as certain theory-dependent rules.
Hepatitis A outbreak associated with consumption of dates, England and Wales, January 2021 to April 2021
Authors: Garcia Vilaplana Tatiana , Leeman David , Balogun Koye , Ngui Siew Lin , Phipps Emily , Khan Wazirzada M ,   Incident Team, Balasegaram Sooria
Published: May 2021

We report a national hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreak linked to the consumption of Medjool dates. Twenty-nine cases of three genetically related sequences have been identified. Epidemiological investigations identified a suspected product (adjusted odds ratio: 47.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.79–1,256.07; p = 0.021). Microbiological testing has confirmed the presence of HAV on dates recovered from two cases and the product has been recalled. Date consumption is currently likely to be increased in connection with Ramadan, with potential ongoing contamination risk.
TOWARDS THE GREAT SCIENCE (TO THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FIRST “STUDENT SCIENTIFIC WORKS JOURNAL” ISSUE)
Authors: KOLOTILOVA Natalya
Published: May 2021

The article deals with content of the first typewritten issue of “Student Scientific works Journal” as a historical document. The issue was prepared by 2-year students of the Biology and Soils Faculty at Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU)) on the basis of the biological summer practice. Data about science life of some journal’s authors are given.
TINGKAT AKURASI PENETAPAN NILAI JUAL OBJEK PAJAK BUMI TERHADAPNILAI PASAR DENGAN METODE ASSESSMENT SALES RATIO (STUDI KASUSPADAKECAMATAN MUARA SATU KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE)
Authors: Razif Razif , Wati Kasnah
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of accuracy of the determination of the object tax selling value (NJOP) of the earth to market value by the method of assessment sales ratio in Muara Satu subdistrict, Lhokseumawe City. The data used is quantitative data presented in the form of numbers of NJOP and Market Value. The used sample used is 30 data on purchasing and selling transactions. The analytical method used isdescriptive quantitative and data analysis using descriptive statistics, which used the asessment sales ratio test which includes measurement of central tendency, measurement of variability (COD and COV), and Study Ratio.based on the result of the analysis, it can be concluded whit that: a)  assessments sales ratio from each village is still not in accordance with the assessment ratio set by the local goverment, which is a minimum of 80%. b) the results of the measurement of the central level of assessment tendency in the NJOP determination in th Muara Satu subdistrict area are not in the interval standard international assosiation of assessing officers (IAAO). c) NJOP variability measurements in muara satu subdistrict have been set at a different level of assessment.
KINERJA PORTOFOLIO REKSADANA SYARIAH DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2013-2017
Authors: Iswadi Iswadi , Agustina Agustina
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the performance of the Sharia Mutual Fund portfolio on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used in this study are primary data is the performance of Islamic mutual fund portfolio in the Indonesian stock exchange. The data used are data from January 2013 to December 2017 consisting of 18 names of stock mutual funds that have reached the target of the last five years. While the type of research used is qualitative descriptive research, namely researchers analyzing the performance of the Sharia Mutual Fund portfolio on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results showed that the performance of the Sharia Mutual Fund portfolio in the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the last five years 2013-2017 experienced fluctuations and was able to record a fairly good performance and tended to move positively due to higher JCI value as a form of investor confidence in Indonesia's increasingly conducive economic conditions.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PEMBAYARAN KLAIM ASURANSI JIWA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN KEPADA NASABAH (STUDI KASUS PADA PT ASURANSI JIWASRAYA PERSERO AREA LHOKSEUMAWE)
Authors: Firdaus Rayyan , Akmal Nurul
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to analyze the application of the Jiwasraya insurance claims payment accounting information system in improving service to customer life insurance claims. The data used in this study were primary data directly through the results of interviews with Jiwasraya Insurance Company employees, and customers. This is a descriptive qualitative study. The results of the study showed that the application of the life insurance claims payment accounting information system in improving service to customers at PT. Jiwasraya Insurance Persero Lhokseumawe area consisted of customers preparing all documents used in filing life insurance claims either died due to death or died due to accidents, following procedures for handling and administering death claims, waiting when checking procedures for recording life insurance claims i.e. by opening a claim payment in LBK in accordance with the account or estimated claim number in accordance with the applicable provisions, waiting for the results of life insurance claim reporting, and waiting for the results of the claim disbursement decision to be approved or rejected.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN UTANG MELALUI KEBIJAKAN DEVIDEN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR PADA BEI TAHUN 2015-2017)
Authors: Khaddafi Muammar , Syahputra Eggy
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to determine the Effect of Profitability directly or indirectly on Debt Policy through Dividend Policy on Manufacturing Companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. This study used secondary data in the form of financial statements of Manufacturing Companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2015-2017 which were accessed on ww.idx.com. The study population was 851 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. The sample is 38 companies selected using the Purposive sampling method. This quantitative study used path analysis to analyze the data with the help of SPSS 16.0. The results showed that profitability negatively influenced debt policy, dividend policy did not influence debt policy, and profitability negatively influenced the dividend policy of manufacturing companies.
PENGARUH PEMILIHAN INDEKS PASAR DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PORTOFOLIO MODEL INDEKS TUNGGAL
Authors: Setiawan Ezra Putranda
Published: May 2021

Portfolio is a type of investment consists of several assets, such as stocks. Single index model is a portfolio optimization method that uses the market index value to calculate beta as a measure of asset’s performance. However, there are several market index available in Indonesia Stock Exchange. In this study, we examine and compare the performance of several market index to the portfolio’s performance that calculated using Single-Index Model. We choose several stocks that used in several market index, obtain the return data, and obtain the beta using several market index. The calculation of the optimal portfolio were repeated using 15 sets of data to obtain consistency. Based on the empirical study, we obtain that the way to choose the market index could affect the estimated beta as well as its standard error. However, it has a very small effect on the weight and the performance of the optimal portfolio.
ANALISIS BREAK EVENT POINT (BEP) PADA PT. ES MUDA PERKASA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI (HPP)
Authors: Amni Chairul , Indrayani Indrayani
Published: May 2021

The survival of the company or the growth of the company, one part of the planning of profit planning profit used in the company is Break Even Point (BEP), which explains the relationship between costs, production volume, selling price in order to obtain the results of the company's research. This pricing is one of the determinants of competition in the market with similar industries. PT. Es Muda Perkasa is a company engaged in the industry of making ice blocks. In the competition, PT. Es Muda Perkasa has an approved selling price sufficient to compete in the industrial world but the prices offered by PT. Mighty Ice Young is still low. This is of course difficult for companies to be able to compete because the pricing that is applied is only based on estimation, so the price determined is not in accordance with production costs. Therefore the company needs to return to how the strategy of determining the price so that it can be achieved maximally, the determination and achievement of the BEP of the company can reach within a specified time. This study aims to analyze Break Event Point (BEP) at PT. Es Muda Perkasa, by determining the optimal selling price of ice blocks. The research method used in this study uses the calculation of event break-even points using the method of calculating the cost of production. Data collection using collection of observations, interviews, and literature studies. The results of the study showed break-even (break-even point) PT. Perkasa Es Muda after selling beam products as many as 2400 blocks with a turnover obtained for BEP amounting to Rp.605,812 with a selling price of ice blocks of Rp. 18.496 / stem.
ANALISIS TAX PLANNING UNTUK EFISIENSI PAJAK PENGHASILAN BADAN (STUDI PADA PT ABDYA GASINDO)
Authors: Usman Sumardi , Rizkina Miftha
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this paper is to find out whether the application of tax planning carried out by PT. Abdya Gasindo can streamline corporate income tax. The writing method used is descriptive method that is the method that collects, collects the data obtained then is interpreted and analyzed so that it is able to provide complete information for problem solvers encountered. The results of this study are expected to provide information and input on Abdya Gasindo so that the company can carry out tax planning as an effort to efficiently pay taxes to achieve maximum profits, but still within the framework of tax regulations. The conclusion of this study is the application of tax planning conducted by PT. Abdya Gasindo can make efficient the tax burden owed.
Cover Depan, Editor, Reviewer, Daftar Isi
Authors: Depan, Editor, Reviewer, Daftar Isi Cover
Published: May 2021

Cover Depan, Editor, Reviewer, Daftar Isi
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DARI PANGAN FERMENTASI CINCALOK SEBAGAI PENGHASIL GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID
Authors: Pribadhi Adhitya Naufal , Kusdiyantini Endang , Ferniah Rejeki Siti
Published: May 2021

Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Fermented Food Cincalok as Producer of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Cincalok is a fermented food originating from West Kalimantan. This study aimed to obtain lactic acid bacterial isolates (LAB) capable of producing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), to characterize the LAB isolates obtained, and to obtain GABA by the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. Bacterial growth and GABA production was carried out by adding 5% MSG and without MSG, and measured spectrophotometrically. In this study, 4 LAB bacterial isolates were obtained which were coded CIN-1, CIN-2, CIN-3, and CIN-4. GABA identification of all the LAB isolates using TLC Silica Gel 60 F254 with butanol: acetic acid: distilled water (5: 3: 2) as eluent yielded Rf 0.61 and Rf MSG 0.38. The highest growth was achieved by isolate CIN-3 with an absorbance of 1.488 (at 48 hour) in non-MSG medium, while the addition of 5% MSG resulted in an absorbance of 1.631 (at 42 hour). GABA production was achieved by isolate CIN-3 with 5% MSG treatment with a concentration of 201.472 mM and without MSG with a concentration of 171.195 mM.
Cincalok merupakan pangan fermentasi yang berasal dari Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang mampu menghasilkan gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), melakukan karakterisasi isolat BAL yang diperoleh dan dapat diperoleh GABA dengan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Penumbuhan bakteri dan produksi GABA dilakukan dengan penambahan MSG 5% dan tanpa MSG, dan diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh 4 isolat bakteri BAL yang diberi kode CIN-1, CIN-2, CIN-3, dan CIN-4. Identifikasi GABA dari semua isolat BAL tersebut menggunakan KLT Silica Gel 60 F254 dengan eluen butanol: asam asetat: aquades (5: 3: 2), menghasilkan Rf 0,61 dan Rf MSG 0,38. Pertumbuhan tertinggi terjadi pada isolat CIN-3 non MSG dengan absorbansi 1,488 (jam ke-48), sedangkan dengan penambahan MSG 5% menghasilkan absorbansi 1,631 (jam ke-42). Produksi GABA dicapai isolat CIN-3 dengan perlakuan MSG 5% dengan konsentrasi 201.472 mM dan tanpa MSG dengan konsentrasi 171,195 mM.
THE REDUCTION OF Cr(VI) IN SOIL BY Microbacterium sp. STRAIN SpR3 IN VERMICOMPOST CARRIER
Authors: Innation Theodorus Olwyn , Meitiniarti Vincentia Irene , Cahyaningrum Desti Christian
Published: May 2021

Reduksi Cr(VI) pada Tanah Menggunakan Microbacterium sp. Strain SpR3 dengan Bahan Pembawa Vermikompos
Kromium hexavalen [Cr(VI)] adalah polutan yang berasal dari kegiatan industri. Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 dapat digunakan sebagai agen bioremediasi Cr(VI). Kemampuan agen biologi untuk mereduksi Cr(VI) umumnya meningkat bila diinokulasi dalam media pembawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 dalam mengurangi Cr(VI) serta membandingkannya dengan kondisi ketika diinokulasi dalam media pembawa vermikompos. Pengamatan dilakukan selama tujuh hari pada tiga perlakuan yang berbeda, yakni Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 dengan dan tanpa media pembawa vermikompos yang diinokulasi pada tanah steril yang mengandung 50 ppm Cr(VI), dan tanah steril tanpa inokulasi bakteri yang mengandung 50 ppm Cr(VI). Variabel yang diamati adalah jumlah bakteri, konsentrasi, dan kecepatan reduksi Cr(VI) oleh bakteri tersebut di dalam tanah pada T0 (hari ke-0) dan T7 (hari ke-7). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa vermikompos bisa digunakan sebagai media pembawa Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 karena dapat meningkatkan jumlah bakteri sampai 2 × 1010 CFU g-1 di dalam tanah dan dapat mengurangi Cr(VI) dengan kecepatan 0,095 mg L-1 jam-1.
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a pollutant originated from industrial activities. Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 can be used as Cr(VI) bioremediation agent. The ability of bioagent to reduce Cr(VI) usually improves when inoculated in a carrier. This research aimed to assess the ability of Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 to reduce Cr(VI) in soil and compare its ability when inoculated in vermicompost carrier. Observations were carried out for seven days on three different treatments, namely Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 with and without vermicompost inoculated in sterile soils containing 50 ppm Cr(VI), and sterile soils containing 50 ppm Cr(VI) without bacterial inoculation. The observed variables were the number of bacteria, the concentration of Cr(VI) and the rate of Cr(VI) reduction by these bacteria in the soil at T0 (day 0) and T7 (day 7). It was concluded that vermicompost could be used as a carrier of Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 as it could increase the number of the bacteria to 2 × 1010 CFU g-1 in soil and could reduce Cr(VI) at the rate of 0.095 mg L-1 h-1.
Discurso extremista y la expansión de la censura
Authors: Gallegos Pazmiño César Francisco , Villacís Flores Eddy Ismael
Published: May 2021

Las más importantes redes sociales han respondido al contenido denunciado como discurso de odio dentro de las veinticuatro horas a partir de su publicación, un proceso apresurado que puede intercambiar una expresión tan controvertida por resultados rápidos, haciendo que el contenido de interés periodístico y la crítica terminen siendo eliminados. El impacto de la coerción extralegal es de gran alcance, puesto que las leyes nacionales están limitadas por las fronteras geográficas, a diferencia de la aplicación global de los términos de servicio. Las empresas pueden contrarrestarlo con claridad de definición, responsabilidad sólida, transparencia detallada y supervisión del defensor del pueblo.
Estilos de enseñanza: un estudio descriptivo desde la práctica docente
Authors: Burbano-Larrea Pablo , Basantes-Vásquez Mirian , Ruiz-Lapuerta Isabel
Published: May 2021

En las instituciones educativas participan personas que cumplen distintos roles: autoridades, docentes, estudiantes y padres de familia. Los docentes en su ejercicio profesional desarrollan un estilo que les distingue por la manera cómo enseñan y cómo evalúan buscando consolidar los aprendizajes de sus estudiantes. Conocer cuáles son los estilos de enseñanza de los docentes de una institución permite caracterizarla y desarrollar estrategias para alcanzar los fines académicos. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los estilos de enseñanza que se encuentran presentes entre los docentes de la Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo y un nivel descriptivo, siendo un estudio de tipo trasversal. Las conclusiones señalan que, los docentes en su mayoría tienen como estilo de enseñanza definido el dinámico. Al hacer una integración de resultados entre el estilo analítico y el sistemático se halló que la mayoría de docentes tienen características de estilos más bien tradicionales. También se encontró que en la práctica docente se observan estilos combinados como el analítico-sistemático y el dinámico-práctico. Entre los docentes investigados las mujeres presentan prevalencia en el estilo de enseñanza dinámico, mientras que los hombres en su mayoría cuentan con un estilo de enseñanza analítico. Parece ser que el semestre en donde se imparte cátedra también determina el estilo utilizado, pues se ha encontrado diferencias entre los niveles de educación superiores y los inferiores.
La cooperativa agraria cafetalera Pangoa, el comercio justo y los circuitos económico solidarios en el Perú
Authors: Montoya Canchis Luis Wilfredo
Published: May 2021

El trabajo analiza las relaciones entre asociatividad cooperativa, comercio justo y sectores sociales como mujeres, jóvenes, pueblos originarios y el territorio, desplegadas por los pequeños productores de la Cooperativa Agraria Cafetalera Pangoa, de la Selva Central del Perú, como estrategias económico alternativas para enfrentar la marginalización generada por el mercado capitalista y profundizada por la aplicación de las políticas de liberalización de mercados desde la década del noventa. El análisis permite debatir sobre los circuitos económico-solidarios, relacionarlos con las estrategias económico-alternativas y la economía social y solidaria.
Leer es tocar: una revisión a la materialidad del archivo en la obra de Darío Rozo Martínez
Authors: Moreno Santacruz Sebastian
Published: May 2021

Resumen: El objetivo de este ensayo es leer la obra y la materialidad de los archivos del ingeniero colombiano Darío Rozo Martínez (1881-1964). Para ello, fue necesario realizar una (re)organización de la obra de este autor, diseminada por diferentes bibliotecas bogotanas, y que, en su mayoría, permanece inédita. Las correcciones que el autor dejó en sus textos, así como los tachones, las rayaduras y los desgastes en los documentos, permitieron establecer una conexión entre lo escrito y la fibra sobre la cual esta se inscribe, de modo que se introduce la dimensión material de los textos en los estudios archivísticos.
archivo y la condición humana
Authors: Levoyer Rodriguez Carlos Edison
Published: May 2021

Este artículo está escrito por dos autores: Oscar Llerena y Carlos Levoyer. Sin embargo, cada uno ha anotado observaciones al otro autor en breves párrafos que el lector podrá distinguir.

Al inicio, el profesor Llerena nos guía a una de las esencias de la modernidad y de su actitud frente al tema de la memoria, su proyecto de perpetuación. Prosigue la reflexión valiéndose de Foucault a la vez que dotando de un andamiaje para entender la construcción en que devino la historia oficial en las versiones de los llamados Cronistas de Indias y la deconstrucción operada por Luis Andrade Reimers sobre el perfil del fundador de lo que hoy llamamos Ecuador: Atahualpa. Termina poniendo énfasis en la importancia de la documentación de siglos pasados.

En la segunda parte Levoyer habla sobre los archivos de oficinas, el poco valor que les otorgan ciertos burócratas ecuatorianos, las bibliotecas y archivos españoles. Nos entera de sus investigaciones y hallazgos de documentación ecuatoriana en esos archivos, la necesidad de insertarlos con el concurso de las Ciencias Humanas en sus respectivos horizontes históricos, lo indispensable que es transcribirlos mediante la paleografía para poder leerlos, los pasos para confeccionar un Informe final paleográfico. Señala dónde se encuentran nuestros documentos coloniales, enfocando sobre el Archivo General de Indias, los trabajos que en él se han logrado hacer, mostrando que son muy pocos, tantos que llega a decir que están abandonados. Finalmente, señala la necesidad de ir al encuentro de esa documentación mediante la paleografía para ayudarnos a enfrentar serios temas de nuestra vida como país.