bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postoperative One Year Prediction for Patients with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Based on Deep Learning and Radiomics
Authors: Lin Fabin , Wang Kaifeng , Wang Ruxian , Wu Yang , Chen Chunmei , Wang Yongjiang , Wang Rui
Published: October 2024

Background:
Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to significant impairments, requiring extensive care and posing considerable challenges in predicting postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning radiomics (DLR) model combining deep learning and radiomics features to improve the prognostic prediction of cervical SCI.
Methods:
This retrospective study included 82 patients with confirmed cervical SCI from three hospitals, collected between January 2012 and January 2021. Patients were divided into good prognosis and poor prognosis groups based on postoperative ASIA grade improvement. Preoperative MRI images were processed using various filtering techniques, and regions of interest (ROI) were segmented and analyzed to extract radiomics features. Deep learning models (ResNet-18, ResNet-50, and ResNet-101) were trained. Features from both radiomics and deep learning models were combined and selected 、 to build the final predictive model using MLP.
Results:
ResNet-50 outperformed other models, demonstrating an AUC of 0.8750 in the test set. The combined model (Rad + ResNet-50) showed the highest prognostic value with an AUC of 0.9220 in the test set. Grad-CAM images enhanced the interpretability of the model by highlighting critical areas for prognosis prediction.
Conclusion:
Integrating deep learning and radiomics features significantly improves the prediction accuracy for cervical SCI outcomes. The Rad + ResNet-50 model, with its superior performance and interpretability, holds promise for clinical applications, offering a robust tool for predicting functional prognosis in cervical SCI patients. Further prospective studies with larger datasets are needed to validate these findings.
Association between Moyamoya Disease and Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Kim Min Seok , Lee Eun Ji , Lee Si Un , Kim Tae-Woo , Park Sang Jun , Woo Se Joon , Lee Jeongwoo , Nam Seonghee , Joo Kwangsic
Published: October 2024

This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study aims to investigate the association between Moyamoya disease (MMD) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG). In this study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, a total of 40,253 patients having diagnostic code with MMD between 2002 and 2022, and their age-, sex-matched non-MMD controls (n = 400,033) were included. For the primary outcome, logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between MMD and OAG. For the secondary outcome, we used a Cox proportional hazard model after excluding cases with preexisting diagnosis of MMD for the initial 2-year. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses with log-rank test were performed to compare the incidence probability of OAG based on the MMD diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between MMD and OAG (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.36–1.54; P < 0.001), consistent across adjusted model (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.07–1.23; P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that the diagnosis of MMD was associated with increased risk of subsequent diagnosis of OAG (adjusted HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.14–1.39; P < 0.001). The cumulative incidence probability of OAG was 3.7% in MMD group and 2.9% in control group at the end of the study period, and was significantly higher among MMD patients than controls consistently during the study period (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the nationwide longitudinal data of Korean population revealed a significant association between MMD and OAG. Presence of MMD may increase the risk of developing OAG.
Construction and validation of a nomogram to predict frailty in Chinese patients with hypertension: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Authors: Wu Guiping , Wu Huarong , Shen Zexue , Chen Ruizhe , Che Xiaowen
Published: October 2024

Background
Frailty is common in patients with hypertension and predisposes patients to poor postoperative outcomes. However, there is a lack of a prediction model for frailty in patients with hypertension. Therefore, we established a nomogram to identify those at risk for frailty in hypertension, providing implications for health interventions and community services.
Methods
The patients diagnosed with hypertension were collected from the the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database and were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation group at a ratio of 7:3. The independent risk factors of frailty were determined by LASSO regression and multivariable logistic regression and a nomogram predict model for frailty was established. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
The content of the nomogram includes age, health status, cognitive function, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D). The AUCs of the training cohort and validation cohort (0.830 and 0.854) suggested good discrimination of the nomogram. Calibration curves and DCA curves proved accuracy and clinical applicability.
Conclusion
The nomogram we created for the frailty in hypertensive patients had good performance and applicability, which could help clinicians in the medical decision-making process.
Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Pulmonary Fibrosis Post-COVID-19 ARDS: Insights from Comprehensive Bioinformatics
Authors: Li Daixi , Zheng Naishan , Zeng Huiqing
Published: October 2024

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to numerous cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with a significant number of survivors developing pulmonary fibrosis as a chronic sequela. This condition poses severe long-term health challenges, significantly burdening public health systems. Despite significant research on the acute phase of COVID-19, the mechanisms underlying pulmonary fibrosis following COVID-19 associated ARDS remain poorly understood, and effective therapies are yet to be established. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms, identify potential biomarkers, and explore therapeutic options for pulmonary fibrosis post-COVID-19-related ARDS through comprehensive transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses.
Methods
We collected datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including transcriptional profiles of COVID-19, ARDS, and pulmonary fibrosis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to these conditions were identified, reflecting the transcriptional landscape of pulmonary fibrosis post-COVID-19 ARDS. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses was conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to determine the hub genes and their regulatory networks. Drugs that interact with hub genes were explored and gene-disease associations were analyzed to identify potential therapeutic strategies.
Results
We identified 116 common DEGs among COVID-19, ARDS, and pulmonary fibrosis datasets. Functional enrichment highlighted critical processes including inflammatory response, apoptosis, transcription regulation, and MAPK cascade. PPI network revealed hub genes which may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis post-COVID-19-related ARDS. Notably, FCER1A, associated with immune response and inflammation, GATA2, involved in macrophage function and erythropoiesis, and CLC, indicative of eosinophil activity, emerged as central players. Regulatory network analysis highlighted significant transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with hub genes. We found FDA-approved drugs that could interact with these hub genes, including omalizumab, mizolastine, desloratadine, epoetin alfa, and moxidectin. Gene-disease interaction analysis revealed that diseases caused by GATA2 deficiency and immunodeficiency were associated with hub genes.
Conclusion
Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings of pulmonary fibrosis post-COVID-19 ARDS and highlight potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The repurpose of drugs offers a promising avenue for rapid clinical application, potentially improving outcomes. This study provides ideas for improved treatment for pulmonary fibrosis post-COVID-19 ARDS.
S100A4 contributes to colorectal carcinoma aggressive behavior and to chemoradiotherapy resistance in locally advanced rectal carcinoma
Authors: Harada Yohei , Ikeda Sayoko , Kawabe Yuna , Oguri Yasuko , Hashimura Miki , Yokoi Ako , Sida Akiko , Fukagawa Naomi , Hayashi Misato , Ono Mototsugu , Kusano Chika , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Saegusa Makoto
Published: October 2024

To investigate the functional role of S100A4 in advanced colorectal carcinoma (Ad-CRC) and locally advanced rectal carcinoma (LAd-RC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). We analyzed histopathological and immunohistochemical sections from 150 patients with Ad-CRC and 177 LAd-RC patients treated with NCRT. S100A4 knockout (KO) HCT116 cells were also used. S100A4 expression was absent in normal mucosa but increased progressively from colorectal adenoma to carcinoma, suggesting that S100A4 regulation is in an early event in colorectal carcinogenesis. In Ad-CRC, high S100A4 expression correlated with high tumor budding and nuclear b-catenin, deep invasion, lymph-vascular involvement, and unfavorable prognosis. In NCRT-treated LAd-RC, high S100A4 expression was associated with poor treatment response and short progression-free survival. S100A4 KO decreased the proliferation of HCT116 cells through activation of the p53/p21waf1 axis, and sensitized cells to adriamycin-induced apoptosis. Levels of the apoptotic marker, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, were significantly higher in samples with low S100A4 and wild type p53. Finally, we observed a direct interaction between S100A4 and p53. In conclusion, S100A4 expression engenders aggressive behavior in Ad-CRC through association with b-catenin-driven tumor buddings. S100A4 exerts anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects via inhibition of p53 in LAd-RC patients receiving NCRT, which leads to chemoradioresistance and poor prognosis.
Early Lymphocytic Recovery After Allogeneic Transplation of Hemopoetic Stem Cells in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies – Single Center Experience
Authors: Kostadinova Kameliya , Venkov Krasen , Tonev Ivan , Lazarova Yonka , Naseva Emilia , Mihaylov Georgi
Published: October 2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AlloHSCT) is a therapeutic method for the treatment of many malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases but is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Disease relapse recurrence and non-relapse mortality (NRM) remain the main causes of failure from AlloHSCT. The identification of the risk factors associated with this continue to be a subject of extensive scientific research. The aim of our study was to identify the prognostic significance of the early lymphocyte recovery (ELR), presented as absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) for the outcome of AlloHSCT.
Clinical application of mobile CT combined with basic anesthesia in the preoperative localization of multiple pulmonary nodules
Authors: Siyang JIAO , SHAO Feng , ZHANG Qiang , Yungang SUN
Published: October 2024

Objective
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mobile CT combined with basic anesthesia for the preoperative localization of multiple nodules.
Methods
The clinical data of 200 patients who underwent CT-guided localization before single-port thoracoscopic pulmonary lobe surgery at our hospital from July 2023 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the localization method: Group A consisted of 100 patients who were localized under local anesthesia, and Group B consisted of 100 patients who were localized under basic anesthesia combined with local anesthesia. The general clinical data and localization data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.
Results
The incidence of localization complications in Group B was significantly lower than that in Group A (4% vs. 13%). The localization success rate in Group B was significantly greater than that in Group A (98% vs. 92%). The localization time in Group B was significantly shorter than that in Group A (15.23 ± 5.96 min vs. 19.90 ± 8.66 min), and the pain score in Group B was significantly lower than that in Group A (2.01 ± 2.09 min vs. 3.29 ± 2.54 min).
Conclusion
Compared with traditional local anesthesia, mobile CT combined with basic anesthesia for preoperative puncture localization of multiple pulmonary nodules results in a shorter localization time, fewer complications, greater safety, a greater success rate, and greater patient comfort, indicating that this method is safe and effective and has significant clinical value.
RETRACTED: HMGN1 Is Associated with Immune Infiltration, Prognosis, And Exhausted T Cells in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ran , Gan Lu , Shao Yuheng , Qiu Wennan , Yang Liang , Liu Liang
Published: October 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Effects of Mass Ratio and Restoring Condition on the Flow-Induced Vibration of Floating Cylinders with Low Aspect Ratio
Authors: Gontarski Aline Leal de Lima , Gomes Igor Rosa Ferreira , de Medeiros Melissa Muniz , Gonçalves Rodolfo Trentin , Fujarra André Luís Condino
Published: October 2024

The phenomenon of flow-induced vibration (FIV) generally acts on a floating body, being decisively affected by the relationship between its structural mass and the mass of the displaced fluid, which in turn is intrinsically affected by the nature of the mooring system. In this sense, solutions in stable equilibrium on the free surface are possible according to floating bodies restored by moorings, for which the mass ratio (ratio of the vibrating mass to the displaced mass in the fluid) is approximately unitary (m^* \approx 1), or for those maintained by vertically tensioned tendons that determine considerably lower mass ratios (m^* < 1). This study seeks to understand the fundamentals of the FIV responses due to different values of the mass ratio in floating cylinders with external diameter of 75mm and aspect ratio L/D=6.8. The experiments were carried out in a circulating water channel considering 12 reduced velocities for values of the mass ratio m^*=0.30, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.85, 0.90, 1.00. The floating cylinder was connected to the bottom of the channel using a tensioned tendon. Data acquisition was performed using a motion capture system that recorded the six degrees of freedom of the floating cylinder. The FIV responses provide valuable information on dynamic behaviour with respect to the structure mass and the mooring system, assessed by analysing trajectories, displacements, inclination, rotation, and oscillation frequencies. The results have shown how the significant amplitudes increase as the reduced velocity increases, similarly to cylinders with high aspect ratio. As the tendon allows the cylinder to rotate, the yaw rotation is significant for all the cases tested and contributes to amplitudes in the cross-flow direction higher than 1.5D. Knowing that floating offshore wind turbines (FOWT) are a trend for deep water generation, custom designed according to each site, this work brings important subsidies that can contribute to the selection of mooring systems, particularly with respect to the effects of the FIV phenomenon.
Establishment and validation of a predictive model for immune reconstitution in people with HIV after antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Li Na , Li Rui , Zheng Hong-Yi , He Wen-Qiang , Duan Ru-Fei , Li Xia , Tian Ren-Rong , Li Hui-Qin , Dong Xing-Qi , Shen Zhi-Qiang , Zheng Yong-Tang
Published: October 2024

Background
Achieving complete immune reconstitution (CIR) in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) following antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential for preventing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) progression and improving survival. However, there is a paucity of robust prediction models for determining the likelihood of CIR in PWH after ART. We aimed to develop and validate a CIR prediction model utilizing baseline data.
Methods
Data including demographic information, immunological profiles, and routine laboratory test results, were collected from PWH in Yunnan, China. The participants were divided into training and validation sets (7:3 ratio). To construct the model and accompanying nomogram, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed. The model was evaluated using the C-index, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and clinical decision curves to assess discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability.
Results
5 408 PWH were included, with a CIR of 38.52%. Cox regression analysis revealed various independent factors associated with CIR, including infection route, marital status, baseline CD4+ T cell count, and baseline CD4/CD8 ratio. A nomogram was formulated to predict the probability of achieving CIR at years 4, 5, and 6. The model demonstrated good performance, as evidenced by an AUC of 0.8 for both sets. Calibration curve analysis demonstrated a high level of agreement, and decision curve analysis revealed a significant positive yield.
Conclusions
This study successfully developed a prediction model with robust performance. This model has considerable potential to aid clinicians in tailoring treatment strategies, which could enhance outcomes and quality of life for PWH.
Feasibility and Radial Artery Occlusion Rate of Sheathless Distal Transradial Access Using Balloon Guide Catheters
Authors: Onodera Koki , Yoshimura Masataka , Azekami Kuya , Kimura Ryutaro , Yahagi Noriyuki , Kajimoto Ryuta , Kohyama Shinya
Published: October 2024

Objectives
Distal transradial access (dTRA), performed through an anatomical snuffbox, minimizes post-procedural burdens of endovascular treatments. However, despite the benefits of balloon-guide catheters (BGCs), their use in dTRA is limited by their small radial artery diameter. Herein, we evaluated the feasibility and radial artery occlusion (RAO) rate of 8Fr BGCs used in sheathless dTRA.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study reviewed patients treated with sheathless dTRA using an 8Fr Optimo at a single center between July 2023 and May 2024. dTRA procedures were performed under general anesthesia in patients not requiring urgent treatment. The RAO was assessed using ultrasonography 24 h after the procedure. The demographic and procedural characteristics were compared between the radial artery patency and occlusion groups.
Results
Of 170 patients, 50 underwent dTRA, and 43 (86%) completed the procedure. RAO occurred in 12/43 (28%) patients with dTRA. Univariate and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses demonstrated that the median radial artery diameter was significantly smaller in the RAO group (P < 0.001), with an optimal cut-off value of 2.4 mm to predict RAO. Complications included minor cerebral ischemia in two patients, but no severe ischemia was observed.
Conclusions
Sheathless dTRA using an 8Fr Optimo BGC is feasible, but the risk of RAO should be noted, particularly in patients with small radial artery diameters. This study suggests a radial artery diameter cutoff value of 2.4 mm to predict RAO, aiding access decisions for large-bore BGC. Further multicenter prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings and assess long-term outcomes.
Multiple Organ Scoring Systems for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality of Sepsis Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Zhang Zhenen , Wang Huiming , Chen Pengfei
Published: October 2024

Objective
This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Logistic Organ Dysfunction System (LODS) score, Acute Physiology Score III (APS III), Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), and SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) in order to provide a more scientifically rigorous and effective tool for predicting mortality risk among sepsis patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Methods
The demographic information and sepsis-related data were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database for patients admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of sepsis. The predictive performance of CCI, LODS, APS III, SAPS II, and SOFA scoring systems in terms of ICU mortality was evaluated by comparing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, multivariate regression analysis was conducted to identify potential predictors which were subsequently validated using a nomogram. Finally, the dataset was divided into a training set and validation set at a ratio of 7:3 to assess the clinical utility of the prediction model through ROC curves.
Results
The study enrolled a total of 17,226 patients with a median age of 67.65 (55.79, 78.82) years; among them, males accounted for 57.69%. Within this cohort, a total of 1,115 (6.47%) individuals succumbed during their admission to the ICU. The ROC curve demonstrated that both APS III and LODS score exhibited robust predictive value for ICU mortality. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that CCI, APS III score, LODS score, respiratory rate, body temperature, and race served as potential predictors. The integration of these indicators into a nomogram demonstrated significant clinical relevance, as evidenced by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.803 in the training set and 0.797 in the validation set.
Conclusions
Organ failure scores hold significant clinical relevance in predicting mortality among sepsis patients in the ICU. Augmenting predictive accuracy can be achieved by integrating the CCI, APS III score, LODS score, mean respiratory rate, and body temperature during the initial 24 hours following ICU admission.
Severe Cellulitis Caused by Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia in a 48-Year-Old Male with Severe Aplastic Anemia During Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report
Authors: Guo Qian , Jiang Juan , Jiang Yaping , Zhang Yu , Zhang Xiang
Published: October 2024

Background: Cellulitis, a potentially severe bacterial skin infection, is typified by pain, fever, and erythema, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a critical treatment for severe aplastic anemia but temporarily impairs immune function, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections, including cellulitis.
Case Presentation: This case report details a 48-year-old male with severe aplastic anemia who developed cellulitis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia during HSCT. The infection occurred in his right arm and was admitted to Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in March 2024. The patient's compromised immunity post-HSCT made managing the infection particularly complex.
Conclusion: Despite the critical nature of the infection, the patient was effectively treated through a multidisciplinary approach and was discharged after 128 days. His recovery underscores the significance of early diagnosis and tailored treatment in immunocompromised patients, emphasizing the role of coordinated medical care in achieving favorable outcomes post-HSCT.
SSR4 promote gastric cancer progression by regulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation via NDUFB11 and ATP6AP1
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Aoshuang , Liao Baixue , Wu Kaiwen , Fan Ruiling , Zhu Binjun , Sun Xiaobin
Published: October 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancer worldwide. Cancer cell metastasis is a major factor leading to poor prognosis. Previous proteomic data suggested that SSR4 might be closely associated with the occurrence and development of GC. However, the role and molecular mechanism of SSR4 in GC is not yet clear. The present study found that the expression level of SSR4 was increased in GC tissue and serum from GC patients. In addition, SSR4 could promote the malignant biological behavior of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism may be that SSR4 regulates the expression of NDUFB11 and ATP6AP1, and then enhanced the function of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (CI) and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V (CV), which promoted the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and thus promoted GC progression. These findings expand the understanding of the role of SSR4 and provide a new target for the treatment of GC.
An enzymatic reaction-based phenylboronic acid-modified microporous array chip for chiral differentiation and high-throughput detection of D-amino acids
Authors: Lu Feng , Li Limao , Shen Kang , Qian Yayun , Zhang Pengfei , Yang Yan , Zhu Qunshan , Huang Yong , Yan Chunxiang , Wei Wei
Published: October 2024

D-amino acids (D-AAs), which are potential biomarkers, are found at considerably higher levels in the saliva of individuals with early gastric cancer (GC), making the development of a rapid and sensitive assay imperative. In this paper, a Raman-active boronate modified surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) microporous array chip based on enzymatic reaction was constructed for reliable, sensitive and quantitative monitoring of D-Proline (D-Pro) and D-Alanine (D-Ala) in saliva. Initially, 3-mercaptophenylboronic acid (3-MPBA) was bonded to Au-coated Si nanocrown arrays (Au/SiNCA) via Au-S bonding. Following this, H2O2 obtained from D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO)-specific catalyzed D-AAs further reduced 3-MPBA to 3-hydroxythiophenol (3-HTP) with a new Raman peak at 882 cm-1. Meanwhile, the original characteristic peak at 998 cm-1 remained unchanged. Therefore, the I882/I998 ratio increased as the D-AAs content in the sample to be tested rose, allowing D-AAs to be quantitatively detected. Proudly, the Au/SiNCA with large-area periodic crown structure prepared in this paper could provide numerous, uniform “hot spots”, and the microporous array chip with 16 detection units was employed as the platform for SERS analysis, realizing high-throughput, high sensitivity, high specificity and high reliability quantitative detection of D-AAs (D-Pro and D-Ala). The limits of detection (LOD) were down to 10.1 μM and 13.7 μM throughout the linear range of 20-500 μM. The good results of the saliva detection suggested that this SERS sensor could rapidly differentiate between early-stage GC patients and healthy individuals.
Association between weekend catch-up sleep and osteoarthritis: NHANES 2017-2020
Authors: Liu Yunyi , Zheng Yanxu , Tang Long , Bao Jing , Wang Jin , Liu Jingyu , Qiu Yixuan , Zhu Anding , Wu Jinze
Published: October 2024

Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability, affecting millions worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that sleep behaviors, particularly weekend catch-up sleep (WCS), may influence OA risk, though research on this association is limited.Methods:Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020 were analyzed, including 7,059 adults aged 20 and older. Weighted logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors were used to examine the relationship between WCS and OA.Results:Among the participants, those with short (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.75-0.95), moderate (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.69-0.89), and long (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.71-0.90) WCS durations demonstrated a significantly lower prevalence of OA compared to those without WCS. The protective effect of WCS was consistent across all adjusted models. Subgroup analyses showed that this inverse association was robust across various age groups, genders, races, education levels, marital statuses, poverty income ratios (PIR), and workday sleep durations.Conclusions:This study found that weekend catch-up sleep is inversely associated with the prevalence of osteoarthritis. Adequate weekend catch-up sleep may play a role in reducing the risk of OA. These findings suggest that improving sleep patterns could be a potential strategy for OA prevention.
Incidence, Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Inoculum Effect against β-lactams Including Ampicillin-Sulbactam and Cefazolin among Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) Strains Isolated from Patients with Bacteremia
Authors: Oglou Moumperra Chral , Yavuz Serap Şimşek , Günel Gülşen , Aktaş Zerrin , Nurtop Elif , Can Füsun , Eraksoy Ömer Haluk
Published: October 2024

Background Some type of staphylococcal β-lactamases could destroy also β-lactams other than penicillin, including cefazolin (Cz) and ampicillin-sulbactam (SAM) especially in the presence of higher inoculum, which called inoculum effect (InE). We aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, simple definiton methods and clinical implication of InE against different β-lactams including SAM and Cz in MSSA strains isolated from patients with bacteremia.
Methods All patients with MSSA bacteremia between 2016 and 2018 at our hospital were included. MSSA strains isolated from blood cultures of those patients were tested via the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods at standard (105/µl) and high (107/µl) inoculum concentrations. The presence and type of β-lactamases were determined by nitrocefin and PCR plus DNA sequencing. InE was defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in MIC values at high inoculum concentrations. The geometric mean MIC and zonal diameter were compared between the strains with and without InE or β-lactamases. Patient data were obtained retrospectively from the hospital database, and risk factors for Cz IE or SAM IE or mortality were analyzed via univariate analysis.
Results A total of 52 patients with MSSA bacteremia were included in the study. Eighty-five percent of the 52 MSSA strains were β-lactamase positive, all of which were classified as type A. Thirteen (25%), 20 (38.5%), and 2 (3.8%) of the 52 MSSA strains were InE against Cz, SAM, and ceftriaxone, respectively, and no InE was observed against cefuroxime or cefotaxime. The β-lactams most affected by the high inoculum were SAM and Cz, with 2.94- and 2.20-fold increases in the MIC, respectively. Compared with MIC testing, a cefazolin zone diameter of < 28 mm was found to be 100% sensitive to both standard and high inoculum to define the CzInE. Among the β-lactams tested, only penicillin G, SAM and Cz were significantly affected by β-lactamase positivity. The mortality rate in patients infected with MSSA strains showing SAMInE and treated with SAM was significantly greater than that in those not treated with SAM (37.5% vs 68%, p = 0.044, OR 7.8, 95% CI 1.23–49.68).
Conclusions Among Cz, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, SAM is the β-lactam most affected by the type A β-lactam of MSSA strains, followed by Cz, and this effect becomes more prominent with increasing inoculum. A cefazolin zone diameter of < 28 mm could be used as a screening method to define Cz InE. SAM treatment of patients infected with MSSA strains harboring SAMInE may increase mortality.
Adaptive Average Arterial Pressure Control by Multi-Agent On-Policy Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Hong Xiaofeng , Ayadi Walid , Alattas Khalid A. , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir , Salimi Mohamad , Zhang Chunwei
Published: October 2024

The current research introduces a model-free ultra-local model (MFULM) controller that utilizes the multi-agent on-policy reinforcement learning (MAOPRL) technique for remotely regulating blood pressure through precise drug dosing in a closed-loop system. Within the closed-loop system, there exists a MFULM controller, an observer, and an intelligent MAOPRL algorithm. Initially, a flexible MFULM controller is created to make adjustments to blood pressure and medication dosages. Following this, an observer is incorporated into the main controller to improve performance and stability by estimating states and disturbances. The controller parameters are optimized using MAOPRL in an adaptive manner, which involves the use of an actor-critic approach in an adaptive fashion. This approach enhances the adaptability of the controller by allowing for dynamic modifications to dosage and blood pressure control parameters. In the presence of disturbances or instabilities, the critic's feedback aids the actor in adjusting actions to reduce their impact, utilizing a complementary strategy to tackle deficiencies in the primary controller. Lastly, various evaluations, including assessments under normal conditions, adaptability between patients, and stability evaluations against mixed disturbances, have been carried out to confirm the efficiency and viability of the proposed method.
Study on the high stability and catalytic properties of MOF materials represented by UiO-66 / g-C3N4
Authors: Gao Lehan , Dai Xiaoyu , Yan Huixuan , Xu Yating , Ding Yang , Ma Jingjing , Sui He , Zhang Yang
Published: October 2024

This study examines the potential of UiO-66 and g-C3N4-based composite catalysts for environmental purification and pesticide degradation. By integrating the zirconium-based metal-organic framework UiO-66 with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a composite with a Z-type heterojunction structure is created, enhancing photocatalytic pesticide degradation and phosphorus recovery. The optimal composite, UiO-66/g-C3N4(UG6:4), shows high efficiency in degrading organophosphorus pesticides like DDVP under visible light. This catalyst's high surface area and porous nature efficiently adsorb and break down persistent soil pollutants, including DDT and DDVP. Featuring robust stability and effective photocatalytic activity, the UiO-66/g-C3N4 composite holds promise for soil remediation and dealing with organic pollutants. Future research will aim to further refine this material’s structure and properties, ensuring its practical application in environmental cleanup.
Eggs intake reduced the risk of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly chinese
Authors: Huang Jinchao , Jiang Wenzhen , Liu Juntian , Ye Zhaoxiang
Published: October 2024

Introduction: This study evaluated the association between dietary intake and the risk of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures (VF) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 673 Chinese adults aged 40–74 years in Tianjin who underwent Chest low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) combined with asynchronous quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Dietary intake was assessed using questionnaires. Osteoporosis was defined based on QCT-measured lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), and vertebral fractures were evaluated by visual estimation of reductions in vertebral height or area on sagittal CT spinal reformats. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between egg consumption and osteoporosis, as well as VF. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the intake of eggs, meat, tea, and yogurt was significantly associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis (P < 0.05). However, multivariate logistic regression results indicated that only egg intake was an independent risk factor. Participants who consumed eggs daily had higher BMD (96.8 mg/cm³ vs. 79.3 mg/cm³, p = 0.002) and a lower proportion of osteoporosis (27.2% vs. 54.1%, p < 0.001) compared to those who did not. After adjusting for potential confounders, daily egg intake (OR 0.285 and 0.192; 95% CI, 0.169–0.479 and 0.092–0.401; both p < 0.001) remained strongly associated with a lower rate of osteoporosis. However, egg intake was not significantly associated with VF (all p > 0.05). Separate analyses among men and women did not substantively change the results. Conclusion: Daily egg intake was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis but not VF among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.
Research on Multi-Layer Heterogeneous Task Offloading Strategy in Satellite Assisted MEC System
Authors: Song Chaofeng , Zhang Zhenjiang , Shen Bo , Zeng Jianjun
Published: October 2024

In certain regions, the limited coverage capability of ground base stations (BSs), as well as their susceptibility to interference or natural disasters, has resulting in weakened hardware capabilities. As a result, they cannot meet the computational task processing requirements of terrestrial mobile users (MUs). In order to meet the low-delay and low-energy consumption requirements of computational tasks for MUs, and while ensuring high throughput, we first introduce a Space-Terrestrial Collaborative offloading architecture based on Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and design an elastic task offloading strategy. Secondly, to capture the designed offloading strategy, the system model composed of MUs, BS, decision satellite (DS) and agent satellites (ASs) is established. Thirdly, by analyzing the established model, performance measures such as delay, energy consumption, forwarding probability, and utilization are derived. Furthermore, a constrained single-objective optimization problem is formulated by balancing delay and energy consumption while considering constraints of stability and load. For facilitating the solution, we transform the problem into an unconstrained optimization problem by applying the penalty function method. Finally, the system strategy parameters are adjusted to evaluate the performance of system in a steady-state, and an ASs-BS-MUs Offloading Optimization (ABMO) Algorithm is proposed to optimize the designed strategy. Experimental results show that the proposed ABMO is more effective in reducing delay and energy consumption.
Gastrointestinal tolerance enhancement of the LPxTG-motif surface protein overexpressed Lactobacillus reuteri SH23 in vivo
Authors: Liu Jiang , Ye Qianwen , Farid Muhammad Salman , Ji Youwei , Zheng Kaige , Pan Daodong , Guo Yuxing , Chen Bo , Zhu Mingzi , Zhang Tao , Wu Zhen
Published: October 2024

LPxTG, a surface protein of Lactobacillus reuteri, improves gastrointestinal tolerance and Lactobacillus adhesion. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LPxTG overexpression in L. reuteri SH23 on gastrointestinal tolerance, adhesion, and regulation of intestinal flora. The LPxTG-pMG36e-L.SH23 strain was constructed and used in mouse experiments. The results showed that the overexpression strain LPxTG-pMG36e-L.SH23 had an LPxTG protein-related gene expression level of 2.42, which was significantly higher than those of the wild-type and control strains. Although there were no significant differences in the growth curves and acid production, strain LPxTG-pMG36e-L.SH23 exhibits improved hydrophobicity and self-coagulation capacity. After treatment with simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, the viable counts of LPxTG-pMG36e-L.SH23 were 6.90 log CFU/mL and 5.78 log CFU/mL, respectively, indicating enhanced gastrointestinal tolerance. Adhesion rate of LPxTG-pMG36e-L.SH23 to Caco-2 cells was 19% at a concentration of 1×107 CFU/mL, which was significantly higher than that of the other control strains, suggesting better colonization potential. Furthermore, the LPxTG-pMG36e-L.SH23 strain significantly reduced the inflammatory response and regulated the intestinal flora in mice with lincomycin-induced intestinal dysbiosis, and the abundance and diversity of gut microbes increased, as revealed by 16S rDNA sequencing. In conclusion, the LPxTG proteins of L. reuteri SH23 have the potential to enhance colonization and regulation of intestinal flora, highlighting its role as a probiotic in the gastrointestinal tract.
Detection and Tracking of Environmental Sensing System for Construction Machinery Autonomous Operation Application
Authors: Chen Qihuai , Hu Xinhai , Lin Tianliang , Ren Haoling
Published: October 2024

There are a large number of unstructured scenes and special targets in the construction machinery application scene, which brings greater interference to the environment sensing system for Construction Machinery Autonomous Operation Application. The conventional mature sensing scheme in passenger cars is not fully applicable to construction machinery. By taking the environmental characteristics and operating conditions of construction machinery into consideration, a set of environmental sensing algorithm based on LiDAR for construction machinery scenarios is studied. Real-time target detection of the environment, trajectory tracking and prediction for dynamic targets are achieved. Decision instructions are provided for upstream detection information for the subsequent behavioral decision-making, motion planning and other modules. To test the effectiveness of information exchange between the proposed algorithm and the overall machine interface, the early warning and emergency braking for autonomous operation is implemented. Experiments are carried out through an excavator test platform. The superiority of the optimized detection model is verified through real-time target detection tests at different speeds and under different states. Information exchange between environmental sensing and machine interface based on safety warning and braking is achieved.
Effect of six weeks of Whole-body Electromyostimulation on resistin and adiponectin levels in overweight individuals
Authors: Ahmadi Zobir , Habibi Hadi , amani-shalamzari Sadegh
Published: October 2024

Background
Electrical muscle stimulation is a new training technique that enhances physical fitness. Due to economic problems, everyone is looking for ways to get the most benefits in the shortest time. This study examines the effectiveness of 20-minute whole-body electromyostimulation (EMS) on the levels of certain adipokines and lipid profiles in sedentary individuals.
Methods
Thirty-eight volunteers were randomly divided into three groups (traditional exercise (TE), EMS, and control groups). The EMS consisted of 10 minutes of resistance stimulation (30 Hz, 350 µs, 4 s of strain 6 s rest) and 10 minutes of endurance stimulation (85 Hz, 350 µs, 6 s of strain, 4 s of rest). The TE group performed 10 minutes of traditional resistance training (2 sets, 10 repetitions, 50–60% of one maximum repetition) and 10 minutes of running on a treadmill.
Results
The ANCOVA indicated that after the intervention, the EMS group had significant improvements in body mass (ηp²=0.53), BMI (ηp²=0.54), fat percentage (ηp²=0.62), aerobic fitness (ηp²=0.46) and adiponectin levels (ηp²=0.60) levels compared to the other two groups. In addition, in comparison to the C group, both training groups demonstrated substantial improvements in subcutaneous fat (arm: ηp²=0.58 and abdomen ηp²=0.55), sit-ups (ηp²=0.38) push-ups (ηp²=0.55), resistin level (ηp²=0.42) and in lipid profiles (cholesterol (ηp²=0.31), triglyceride (ηp²=0.49), LDL (ηp²=0.31) and HDL (ηp²=0.49) levels).
Conclusion
20-minute EMS is more effective in improving lipid profile, adipokines levels, and physical fitness than traditional exercise training. Therefore, this exercise model is time-saving and recommended for overweight individuals.
Pericytes modulate brain vascular integrity in social stress and depression
Authors: Menard Caroline , Dion-Albert Laurence , Cadoret Alice , Solano José , Kotchetkov Pavel , Pancotti Luca , Paton Sam , VanderZwaag Jared , Collignon Adeline , Binder Luisa Bandeira , Linville Raleigh , Richer Emanuelle , Lebel Manon , Consortium Signature , Heiman Myriam , Tremblay Marie-Eve , Proulx Christophe , Turecki Gustavo , Mechawar Naguib , Lacoste Baptiste
Published: October 2024

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disease burden worldwide with low therapeutic efficacy. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential to maintain brain homeostasis and regulate drug delivery. Chronic social stress, MDD’s main environmental risk factor, is associated with neurovascular pathology in mice including loss of BBB integrity in mood-regulating brain regions in a sex-specific manner, which is also observed in individuals with MDD. Pericytes ensheathe endothelial cells and modulate BBB functions under physiological and pathological conditions, but contribution of these mural cells in stress responses or mood disorders pathogenesis is unknown. Here, we report profound transcriptomic, morphological and functional alterations in pericytes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) following stress exposure in female mice and women with MDD. Endothelial cell-to-pericyte crosstalk via PDGFB:PDGFRB signaling is critical for BBB dynamics and proper brain function. Targeted ablation of pericytes in the PFC induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviours in mice, while viral-mediated increase in pericyte-endothelial communication promoted stress coping behaviors. RNA-seq of human brain endothelial cells and pericytes exposed to MDD serum revealed changes in extracellular matrix-related genes and cell-cell communication. PDGF-BB serum level correlated with depressive symptoms and diagnosis. Altogether, our findings shed light on a novel mechanism underlying PFC dysfunction in MDD along with a blood biomarker. Our work involves pericytes in the pathophysiology of mood disorders, highlights new therapeutic targets and provides tools to manipulate these cells applicable for vascular, neurodegenerative, or inflammatory diseases all characterized by high rates of depression.
Disease burden attributable to dietary risks in Africa, 1990–2040: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Shan Pengfei , Hu Haiying , Wang Jiepu , Yu Xiaobo , Wang Leilei , Shen Fang , Zheng Jia , Chen Xian , Zhang Pianhong , Wang Yuanyou
Published: October 2024

Disease burden linked to sub-optimal diets in Africa remains under-explored. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, we assessed the disease burden attributable to dietary risks across various locations, age groups, years, and sexes in Africa. Deaths attributable to sub-optimal diet increased from 0.35 million in 1990 to 0.64 million in 2021, and projected increased to 1.62 million in 2040. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) similarly increased from 9.79 million in 1990 to 18.1 million in 2021, projected to reach 45.6 million by 2040. In 2021, North Africa had the highest proportion of diet-attributable disease burden at 8.52%. The top dietary risk factors for mortality that year included low fruit intake, insufficient vegetable consumption, and inadequate whole grain intake. Cardiovascular diseases were the leading causes of diet-related deaths. The age-standardized rate of death and disability-adjusted life years linked to dietary risk factors were highest in the Central African Republic, Lesotho, and Guinea-Bissau. Furthermore, the disease burden was found to be greater in males compared to females. These findings will highlight the implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions in Africa.