bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing Learning Using Infographic from Kitab Turath Syllabus
Authors: Zakaria Zulkarnin , Adnan Liyana Amalina , Khairul Jumat Maisarah Amirah Khairul Jumat , Wan Ahmad Zakry Wan Kamaruddin  , Tg Ainul Farha Tg Abdul Rahman  , Nurdalila A’wani Abd Aziz
Published: June 2024

Abstrak: Kolej PERMATA Insan’s integrated Islamic gifted curriculum model emphasizes the use of research and innovation in the understanding of Islamic knowledge with modern science and technology subjects. Kitab Turath, the established traditional Islamic reference, delves deeply into the religion's various disciplines and how they affect every aspect of human life. This paper aims to design a holistic infographic of the Kitab Turath text Tayyib Al-Ihsan Fi Tibb Al-Insan, an old Malay medical reference written by Wan Ahmad Ibn Wan Muhammad Zayn Al-Fatani. This assignment of Ulumuddin project was assigned to nine Level 2 students (17-year-old students), who attended a series of lectures given by an academic specialized in the Turath text. They were further assisted by the STEM lecturers, and Quran instructors to understand the information and knowledge of the text explained earlier. Toward the end of the project, each student created an infographic based on the selected topic explained, and their work was checked for accuracy by the respective lecturers. This paper discusses the preliminary findings to assess the effectiveness of the project and assignment process. The research team can utilize the data gathered here to improve and consider the Turath project as a form of teaching and learning enrichment process in the integration of Naqli and Aqli knowledge for the academic staff and college's students.
 
Abstract: Model kurikulum pintar berbakat Islam bersepadu Kolej PERMATA Insan menekankan penggunaan penyelidikan dan inovasi dalam pemahaman ilmu Islam dengan mata pelajaran sains dan teknologi moden. Turath, merupakan rujukan Islam tradisional yang mendalami pelbagai disiplin agama dan mempengaruhi setiap aspek kehidupan manusia. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi merekabentuk kandungan sains perubatan tradisional Melayu di dalam kitab Turath Tayyib Al-Ihsan Fi Tibb Al-Insan, rujukan perubatan Melayu lama yang ditulis oleh Wan Ahmad Ibn Wan Muhammad Zayn Al-Fatani. Kajian secara kualitatif ini melibatkan sembilan pelajar Tahap 2 (pelajar berumur 17 tahun), yang menghadiri empat siri kuliah yang diberikan oleh ahli akademik yang pakar dalam teks Turath perubatan tradisional Melayu ini. Mereka seterusnya dibantu oleh pensyarah STEM dan guru al-Quran untuk memahami maklumat dan pengetahuan teks yang dijelaskan sebelum ini. Menjelang akhir projek, setiap pelajar mencipta infografik berdasarkan topik yang dipilih yang dijelaskan, dan hasil kerja mereka telah disemak ketepatannya oleh pensyarah masing-masing. Kertas kerja ini membincangkan penemuan awal untuk menilai keberkesanan projek dan proses tugasan. Pasukan penyelidik menggunakan data yang dikumpul sebagai satu bentuk proses pengayaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam integrasi ilmu Naqli dan Aqli bagi kakitangan akademik dan pelajar kolej.
Synthesis and Studies of 9-Activated 4,5-Dimethoxyacridine Multifunctionalizable Building Blocks
Authors: Vezse Panna , Golcs Ádám , Huszthy Péter , Tóth Tünde
Published: June 2024

9-Substituted-4,5-bifunctionalized acridines are common subunits of numerous drugs and fluorescent dyes, thus studies were carried out on a series of their potential precursors from the aspect of preparation, reactivity, chemical stability and potential applications. The syntheses of the new 9-fluoro-, 9-triflate and 9-lithiated derivatives of 4,5-dimethoxyacridine were reported. All the new intermediates supplemented with the recently synthetized 9-haloacridine analogues were compared and their applicability was discussed. The reactivity of the studied acridino-precursors was tested by using them as starting materials in Suzuki-Miyaura and Kharasch type cross-couplings as well as in Li-organic reactions.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДУХОВНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: Сідаш Наталія
Published: June 2024

Дана стаття досліджує поняття духовності в контексті можливостей виховання цінностей у студентів. Досліджується розуміння духовності як постійного набору цінностей, що мають важливе значення для розвитку особистості. Автор стверджує, що виховання духовності є важливим завданням освіти, оскільки сприяє розвитку найтонших духовних якостей, що впливають на цивілізаційні цінності. Дослідники відмічають високий рівень сприйняття цінностей духовного розвитку серед студентів, проте багато навчальних закладів не зосереджуються на підтримці цього розвитку. У практиці освіти, відповідно до доктрини добра, зруйнування цінностей спричиняє втрату органічної єдності людських асоціацій. Таким чином, виховання духовності та морального сумління є фундаментальним завданням педагогів. В статті стверджується, що освіта також має сприяти індивідуальному зростанню та розвитку унікальної свідомості особистості. Демократичне суспільство визнає, що освіта повинна сприяти індивідуальному розвитку, тому виховання духовності та естетичної чутливості має важливе значення. Цей процес охоплює різні способи самовираження, такі як література, поезія, музика, мистецтво, що формують цілісний підхід до дійсності та впливають на свідомість та інтелект особистості. Висновок базується на дослідженнях, які показують важливість духовності та їх вплив на розвиток особистості. Актуальність даної теми підкреслюється тим, що багато навчальних закладів не вирішують цю проблему та не сприяють розвитку духовності своїх студентів. Отже, пропонуються додаткові заходи для підтримки духовного розвитку студентів, такі як фінансування дослідницьких програм та створення спеціалізованих програм, спрямованих на виховання духовності.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИВЧЕННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «ОСНОВИ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СТАТИСТИКИ» ЗДОБУВАЧАМИ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ 232 «СОЦІАЛЬНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ»
Authors: Брусенко Аліна , Трубник Інна
Published: June 2024

У статті розкрито особливості вивчення навчальної дисципліни «Основи соціальної статистики» здобувачами спеціальності 232 «Соціальне забезпечення». Наукова стаття не лише актуалізує проблему недостатньої методичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців у цій галузі, але й вказує на шляхи оптимізації навчального процесу, спрямовані на підвищення ефективності їхньої подальшої професійної діяльності. Окрім того, розкрито взаємозв’язок між соціальною статистикою та соціальним забезпеченням. Визначено ключові концепції та методи, що знаходять застосування у сфері соціального забезпечення, а саме: збір соціальних даних, дескриптивна статистика, інференційна статистика, кореляційний аналіз, регресійний аналіз. Додатково, авторами проаналізовано освітню програму «Соціальне забезпечення» для здобувачів першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти спеціальності 232 «Соціальне забезпечення» та відповідно до навчальної дисципліни «Основи соціальної статистики» визначено загальні, спеціальні компетентності та програмовані результати навчання. Також у статті проаналізовано основні складнощі, з якими стикаються здобувачі вищої освіти під час вивчення цієї дисципліни, зокрема складність матеріалу, необхідність розуміння математичних методів та інших аспектів соціальної статистики. Окрім того, розглянуто можливі шляхи покращення процесу вивчення вказаної дисципліни, включаючи використання інтерактивних методів навчання та сучасних технологій. Стаття висвітлює актуальні проблеми вивчення соціальної статистики та пропонує шляхи їх вирішення з огляду на специфіку підготовки фахівців у галузі соціального забезпечення, надаючи конкретні рекомендації для удосконалення освітнього процесу.
Penyuluhan Tentang Komponen Elektronika Guna Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Siswa SMA Negeri 8 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Fitrilina Fitrilina , Rodiah Yuli , Priyadi Irnanda
Published: June 2024

Teknologi yang menggunakan Elektronika dapat ditemukan dimana-mana dan hampir semua bidang menggunakannya. Sebelum memasuki jenjang Universitas sebaiknya siswa/i SMA mengenal dan mengetahui dunia Teknik Elektro khususnya dibidang Elektronika. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penyuluhan tentang komponen elektronika  dengan tujuan membuka dan mengembangkan wawasan siswa SMAN 8 Bengkulu mengenai Teknik Elektro sehingga mereka lebih termotivasi dan meningkatkan minat serta bakatnya dalam bidang elektronika. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah Penyuluhan dan Evaluasi Kegiatan. Materi yang diberikan berupa teori dasar elektronika, komponen elektronika, cara kerja dan penggunaan komponen tersebut dalam rangkaian elektronika serta video alat elektronika (elektromedis) yang telah dirancang oleh mahasiswa Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Bengkulu. Evaluasi kegiatan dengan memberikan kuisioner kepada semua peserta mencakup materi yang diberikan. Kuisioner diberikan untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal siswa sebelum dan setelah mengikuti penyuluhan, sehingga diketahui pengaruh kegiatan ini dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa terhadap bidang elektronika. Didapat hasil peningkatan yang signifikan, pada kelompok nilai 70 s/d 85 (baik) sebesar 28,6 % dan nilai >85(sangat baik) sebesar 36,9 %. Dapat dikatakan terjadi peningkatan 65,5% setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dan 84,4 % peserta telah memahami komponen elektronika. Hal ini menunjukan tujuan kegiatan telah tercapai, siswa menyatakan puas  dan disarankan selanjutnya pelatihan membuat rangkaian elektronika sederhana.
Prevalence of Sinonasal Cancer in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta in The Period between January 2017 and December 2022
Authors: Indrasari Sagung Rai , Herdini Camelia , Yudistira Danu , Mary Cynthia
Published: June 2024

Background: Sinonasal cancer is considered a rare disease and data concerning the disease in Indonesia still requires extensive research. This study aimed to describe the factors that contribute to the incidence and outcome of sinonasal cancer. Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta between January 2017 and December 2022. Data regarding histopathological type, sex, age, location of tumor, presence of metabolic syndrome, staging, treatment, overall survival, and cancer recurrence were extracted from the patient’s medical records. All patients diagnosed with sinonasal cancer within the period were included in the study. Results: A total of 117 patients were included in this study ranging from 11 to 85 years of age and averaging 54,5 years. Most patients were diagnosed within the age range of 51 – 60 years. SCC was found to be the most common and it was more prevalent in males than in females. More patients were found to have suprastructure tumors. Most patients were not recorded to have metabolic syndrome. The majority of patients were diagnosed in the late stage of sinonasal cancer and overall survival for most cases was death. More patients received 2 or less therapy, followed by patients who received all 3 types of treatment. Recurrency was found in only 1,7% of all cases. Conclusion: Several conditions can affect the incidence and outcome of sinonasal cancer which include sex, age of diagnosis, presence of risk factors (e.g. metabolic syndrome), location of tumor, staging, treatment, recurrence, and the histopathological type.
Megavoltage CT/MRI-Guided Radiotherapy with Endorectal Balloon Support for Prostate Cancer Patient with Bilateral Hip Prostheses
Authors: Hama Yukihiro , Tate Etsuko
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Kilovoltage CT-guided radiotherapy for prostate cancer patients with bilateral hip prostheses can be challenging due to metal artifacts. Case Presentation: To compensate for reduced tissue contrast and suppress metal artifacts, a 76-year-old NCCN very high-risk prostate cancer patient underwent megavoltage CT/MRI fusion image-guided radiotherapy with an endorectal balloon. The post-treatment course was uneventful. There were no recurrences or serious side effects 11 years after radiotherapy. Conclusions: Megavoltage CT/MRI-guided radiotherapy with endorectal balloon support may be a viable alternative for a prostate cancer patient with bilateral hip prostheses.
El discurso científico en las artes liberales. De los galimatías a la cortesía científica
Authors: Caballero Ardila Eduardo Antonio
Published: June 2024

Este trabajo centra su atención en el discurso científico como base para la divulgación, aceptación y discusión de la investigación en las artes liberales. Analiza las características, estructuras así como los errores comunes en la redacción de un texto científico para centrar el análisis en el enrarecimiento del lenguaje, entendido como actos de poder que conduce al rechazo del trabajo del investigador al convertir la comunicación en una barrera en vez de un puente necesario hacia el conocimiento de la ciencia.
Evalúa cómo los galimatías no solo dificultan la comunicación entre académicos, sino que también excluyen a una audiencia más amplia, desvirtuando así los ideales de inclusión y accesibilidad que las artes liberales procuran promover.
La metodología aplicada en este trabajo comprendió un estudio descriptivo y cualitativo realizado con base a teorías de lenguaje y estructuras discursivas de los discursos científicos. Concluye con el desarrollo de la cortesía científica, en donde sin renunciar a una correcta construcción del discurso se logra una adecuada comprensión por parte de la comunidad a la cual va dirigida la investigación.
Korean Red Ginseng and Saponin Regulate the Cytokine and Mucin 5AC/5B Induced by Electronic Cigarette in Respiratory Epithelial Cell
Authors: Lee Sang Jae , Na Hyung Gyun , Choi Yoon Seok , Song Si-Youn , Kim Yong-Dae
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is a device that generate vapor by heating e-cigarettes liquid. E-cigarette damages the respiratory immune system and renders the respiratory tract vulnerable to inflammations. However, there are no studies on how the inflammatory reactions in respiratory epithelial cells caused by e-cigarette occur, and the effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG) and saponin on inflammation induced by e-cigarette are unknown. This study aimed to compare the inflammatory reactions caused by e-cigarette and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to investigate the effects of KRG and saponin on cytokine and mucin expression induced by e-cigarette in respiratory epithelial cells.Subjects and Method In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue of mice, the effects of KRG and saponin on cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8) and mucin 5AC/5B (MUC5AC/5B) expression induced by e-cigarette were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry staining.Results Inflammatory cells, cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) and MUC5AC/5B messenger RNA expression and protein production were increased by e-cigarette, similar to LPS. KRG and saponin decreased the expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) and MUC5AC/5B induced by e-cigarette. KRG and saponin showed effects similar to that of dexamethasone.Conclusion E-cigarette causes inflammation similar to that caused by LPS. KRG and saponin regulate the expression of cytokine and MUC5AC/5B increased by e-cigarette in respiratory epithelial cells. KRG and saponin may be an effective therapeutic option for inflammatory responses induced by e-cigarette in respiratory epithelial cells.
Two- versus one-bag fluid delivery in pediatric and adolescent diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nasser Maya L. , Nasr Joseph , Zalloum Reem B. , Yap Nathanael Q.E. , Bourdakos Natalie E. , Miangul Shahid , Betts Tara A. , Nakanishi Hayato , Than Christian A. , Jabbour Serge
Published: June 2024

Two rehydration protocols currently exist to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pediatric patients aged <21 years: the traditional “one-bag” system and the more recent “two-bag” system. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the newer two-bag system versus the well-established one-bag system. The CiNAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched from inception to June 2023 by 2 independent reviewers using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis framework. Eligible studies were those that reported participants <21 years of age who presented to the emergency room with a clinical diagnosis of DKA. This review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023427551). From the initial screening of 42 studies, 8 unique studies encompassing 583 patients met the eligibility criteria. The analysis yielded no significant intergroup differences in hypoglycemia (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20–1.87; I2=3%) or mean glucose correction rate (mean difference [MD], 0.04 mg/ dL/hr; 95% CI, -13.10 to 13.17; I2=64%). The incidence of cerebral edema was as low (0.17%) across groups, with only one case reported in the one-bag group. Notably, the mean time to DKA resolution (MD, -3.24 h; 95% CI, -5.57 to -0.91; I2=0%) and mean response time for intravenous fluid changes (MD, -32.75 min; 95% CI, -43.21 to -22.29; I2=59%) was lower for the two-bag system. This meta- analysis presents preliminary evidence suggesting that the two-bag system may confer advantages over the one-bag system for selected patients. However, further studies with greater patient stratification based on DKA severity, fluid composition, and protocol are needed to draw definitive conclusions and elucidate the extent of these advantages.
Demographic transition in South Korea: implications of falling birth rates
Authors: Kim Chae Young , Chung Sung-Hoon
Published: June 2024

This review examines the critical issues of declining total fertility rates (TFRs) and aging populations in East Asia with special focus on South Korea. It provides a comprehensive analysis of TFR trends, aging demographics, and the policy responses of these nations to the low-fertility crisis. This study highlights the intricate tapestry of the factors contributing to these demographic shifts, including economic, social, and cultural influences. It also examines the effectiveness of various prenatal policies implemented across these countries, offering insight into their successes and limitations. Furthermore, it explores the role of immigration as a potential solution to the structural challenges posed by low birth rates. This review underscores the importance of multifaceted strategies for addressing the complex demographic challenges faced by South Korea.
A new Alien Fish from the Southern Black Sea (Sinop, Türkiye): Sebastes schlegelii Hilgendorf, 1880 (Scorpaeniformes, Sebastidae)
Authors: Uygun Orçin , Öztekin Hasan Can , Öztekin Ayşah , Bat Levent
Published: June 2024

Sebastes schlegelii Hilgendorf, 1880 is an Indo-Pacific species with a widespread distribution in the coastal waters of the Far Eastern region. This study represents the first documentation of S. schlegelii off Sinop coast from the Southern Black Sea. The four specimens collected on 28 May 2023 and 18 June 2023 from rocky habitat at a depth of about 6 meters off Sinop coast had a total length range of 226 to 237 mm and weights ranging from 197.57 to 254.98 g. The spread of this species to the southern Black Sea coast is attributed to the transportation of early life stage individuals from the northern coast of the Black Sea to the southern coast via the cyclonic Rim Current.
Didactic resources and digital technologies used by teachers who teach mathematics during the pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Vilela Mariana Lima , Pinto Nayara Katherine Duarte , Conti Keli Cristina
Published: June 2024

In this text, we will present part of a previous study that investigated the use of teaching resources and technologies during the pandemic by teachers who teach mathematics in the public basic education network. The research followed a qualitative-quantitative approach, using the Google Forms tool as a data collection instrument. The data presented was collected with the participation of 430 teachers over 42 days. Given the results, it was observed that many digital technologies began to be used as teaching resources, including WhatsApp and Google Classroom. We hope this work contributes in some way to the teaching of mathematics in the public basic education network and that it can provide support for future studies related to mathematics education.
Diş morfolojisini etkileyen genetik, epigenetik ve çevresel faktörler
Authors: Erbil Fatma Nur
Published: June 2024

Diş morfolojisi ağırlıklı olarak genetik faktörler tarafından belirlenir. Bu sebeple dişler, bireylerin ve popülasyonların ait olduğu coğrafi bölge, akrabalık ilişkileri, popülasyonlar arası benzerlik ve farklılıklar gibi önemli konularda bilgiler vermesi bakımından antropolojik çalışmalarda sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu makalede, diş varyasyonlarına sebep olan genetik, epigenetik ve çevresel faktörlere değinilmiştir. Ayrıca, dişlerin embriyolojik gelişimi, ikiz çalışmaları, genom çapında ilişkilendirme çalışmalarından bahsedilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar diş varyasyonlarının büyük ölçüde genetik kökenli olduğunu, ancak, embriyolojik gelişim döneminde maruz kalınan çevresel ve epigenetik faktörlerin de diş morfolojisine etki ettiğine dikkat çekmiştir. Diş morfolojisine katkı sağlayan faktörlerin belirlenmesine yönelik daha çok genetik çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Word.Afterward: On the Blackness of Thoreau's Thinking
Authors: Sexton Jared
Published: June 2024

This essay surveys Henry David Thoreau’s extensive commentary on slavery and freedom in the 1840s and 50s, tracking the ways he toggles between the literal (i.e., the institutions of racial chattel and capital’s value-form resisted by civil disobedience and reconfigured by civil war) and the figurative (i.e., the existential and spiritual slavery evaded by the individual and collective attainment of ‘real values’), and how his natural philosophy at once illuminates and obscures the true stakes of his abolitionism and that of his fellow Transcendentalists. It notes that there is much to be said for and much yet to be done on the burgeoning intersectional critique of Transcendentalism, one that highlights both its strengths and limitations—or, at times, its outright problems—regarding race, nation, class, gender, sexuality et al. So too for the literature celebrating Thoreau ‘as much for his politics as his aesthetics,’ avowing how his ‘reform writings and lectures alone have earned him the reputation of being a social activist who didn’t rest on high-minded principles.’ The focus here is adjacent and complementary: to consider the prospects of a Black Transcendentalism that is coeval with and prior to Thoreau's articulation of the principles of ‘Elevation’ and ‘Emancipation.’ Beyond that, it speculates about something like the blackness of Thoreau’s own evolving relation to the political-intellectual movement of Transcendentalism itself.
The Crisis of Truth
Authors: Marriott David
Published: June 2024

This essay explores various meanings of the word crisis ( krisis): in philosophy, law, and psychoanalysis; but also in relation to truth, law, judgement, and thinking. In various axioms—on truth and negation; and on being and reproduction—the essay asks why blackness is often excluded from crisis theory. I then go on to explore the unintended consequences and complications of this exclusion in respective works by Donald Winnicott (on tolerance and contraception), and then only through what is deemed to be neither an object nor a relation, neither a negation nor a phantasy. In the wake of these lacunae I conclude: blackness is an example of an unthought, and that this n’est pas cannot be thought, or determined, as krisis.
PROFESYONEL FUTBOLDA TAKIM KAPTANINA GÖRE KAPTANLIĞI DOĞRUDAN ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERE İLİŞKİN ALGI VE DENEYİMLER
Authors: Orhan Selman
Published: June 2024

Spor ortamında takım kaptanı resmi lider konumundadır. Haliyle kaptan lider konumunda olduğu için kaptandan önemli roller oynaması beklenmektedir. Literatürde kaptanın liderlik rolleri detaylı şekilde araştırılmıştır. Fakat profesyonel futbol branşında kaptanlığı doğrudan etkileyen faktörler hakkında yeterli sayıda araştırmanın olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda kaptanlığı doğrudan etkileyen faktörler nelerdir? Bu amaç çerçevesinde yapılan araştırmada profesyonel futbol branşında 8 erkek takım kaptanı ile bireysel görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniği uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda takım kaptanı haricinde; kulüp yönetimi, teknik ekip, futbolcular, medya, şehir ve taraftar faktörünün kaptanlığı doğrudan etkileyen faktörler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Becerilere sahip olma, liderlikle ilişkili özellikler, karakter, kişilik ve olumlu davranışların ise takım kaptanıyla ilgili olarak kaptanlığı doğrudan etkileyen faktörler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kaptanlığın bir süreç olduğu ve bu süreci etkileyen birçok faktörün olduğu söylenebilir. Sonuç olarak daha iyi bir kaptanlıkta hem sporcunun kendi öğrenim ve gelişimine yönelik faktörler hem de sporcu dışındaki faktörlerin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.
Bacterial Foodborne Diseases in Sudan: A Review
Authors: Mutwakil Azza , Eldowma Elfatih , Marıod Abdalbasıt
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the role of the bacteria associated with foodborne diseases in Sudan and to help health policymakers introduce strict intervention measures control.
Methods: The review uses up-to-date data via manual screening of the titles and abstracts of retrieved articles using string foodborne diseases in Sudan and foodborne illnesses as keywords to obtain publications from the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar using the publish or perish tool. However, priority has been given to the scientific papers, reports, and literature issued within the past 5 years.
Results: The review reported that many types of research revealed that foodborne infection is a critical, life-threatening health problem in Sudan and that different food pathogens are responsible for people and outbreaks of foodborne illness.
Conclusion: Foodborne diseases are considered one of the main reasons for illness and death, particularly in countries that suffer from poor economic conditions, such as Sudan. The review concluded that the most bacteria that caused foodborne disease in Sudan were Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, and Staphylococcus aureus.
HPTLC monitoring of illegal antihypertensive and antihistamine compounds in herbal products from the Vietnam market
Authors:   Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Kieu-Anh Thi , Tran Hanh-Thuy ,   National Institute for Drug Quality Control, 48 Hai Ba Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tran Lan-Thi ,   Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Van-Thi ,   Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dang Ngoc-Lan Thi ,   Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Binh-Ngan ,   Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam, Duong Ngan-Tuyet ,   Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Published: June 2024

Given the growing craze for dietary supplements, it is essential to critically examine the safety concerns surrounding their usage. There have been several cases of contaminated food-related mishaps in spite of numerous rules and laws in existence. We thus made an effort to find the existence of five antihistamines and four hypertensive in herbal items from the Vietnamese market, given the rising severity of this issue. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used to screen 32 samples, which were typical of the many kinds of herbal products. The investigation included both intra- and inter-day precision as well as repeatability. For all analytes, the devised technique was proven to be exact, with %RSD lower than 6%. The LOD and LOQ of nine compounds were determined to be in the range of 0.15–0.30 mg/g and 0.50–1.00 mg/g, respectively (solid matrix sample); 0.075–0.150 mg/g; and 0.25–0.50 mg/g (liquid matrix sample). The intra-day variation's percentage RSD varies from 1.40 to 5.10. Nonetheless, the inter-day variation's percentage RSD fell between 3.10 and 6.60. As a result, the procedure may be used to analyze herbal dietary supplement samples that are in circulation in order to quality control the herbal products on the Vietnamese market.
Advancement of kiwifruit cultivation in Nepal: Top working techniques
Authors:   Organic Agriculture Program, Madan Bhandari University of Science and Technology, Chitlang, Thaha Municipality-9, Nepal, Rai Sushil , Rai Rameshwar ,   Organic Agriculture Program, Madan Bhandari University of Science and Technology, Chitlang, Thaha Municipality-9, Nepal
Published: June 2024

In recent years, there have been notable advancements in the cultivation techniques of kiwifruit, a fruit that is both popular and economically important. One particular practice that has gained recognition is top-working, which involves grafting new scions onto existing rootstocks. This horticultural technique has shown promise in improving yield, disease resistance, and overall productivity in orchards. This comprehensive review paper examines the different methods used in top working for kiwifruit cultivation, explores the factors that influence its success, and discusses the benefits and challenges associated with this practice. This review provides an overview of various techniques used for the top-working kiwifruit plants in Nepal. The success of top-working depends on factors such as timing, compatibility between scion and rootstock, grafting materials, and proper grafting techniques. This review paper also ranges over the importance of kiwifruit cultivation for Nepalese farmers, problems faced by them, persistent constraints in the country, and the future promise that kiwifruit cultivation holds for the economic advancement of the nation.
Evaluation of the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the standardized extract of Avicennia officinalis L. in mice
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Nguyen Anh-Ngoc , Duong Ngan-Tuyet ,   College of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Dang Khanh-Duy ,   College of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Nguyen Nha-Thao Ngoc ,   College of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Nguyen Ngoc-Van Thi ,   College of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Published: June 2024

Avicennia officinalis L. (AOL) has shown promise for its anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties. However, there is no research on the toxicity of this plant in Vietnam. The acute and sub-acute toxicology study proved that AOL leaf extracts are practically non-toxic in normal mice. Acute toxicity assessment was conducted with single oral doses of AOL extract (2500, 3100, 4100, and 5000 mg/kg). In sub-acute toxicity, mice were administered daily oral doses of AOL extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 28 days. Blood was collected from the heart, liver, and kidneys for further analysis. The comprehensive results revealed an oral median lethal dose (LD50) exceeding 5000 mg/kg, indicating low acute toxicity. A sub-acute study (200 and 400 mg/kg/day) showed no deaths or weight gain. At both doses, the standardized AOL extracts decreased serum aspartate transaminase activity. Administration of the 200 mg/kg group significantly increased blood urea levels; however, histological examination of mouse kidneys in this group revealed no signal of damage. Histological examination of mouse livers revealed mild degeneration, possibly due to the use of adult mice and potentially unrelated to the extract. This study emphasizes AOL's potential for further pharmacological testing based on its low acute toxicity and promising results.
Role of inflammation and evidence for the use of colchicine in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Bulnes Juan Francisco , González Leticia , Velásquez Leonardo , Orellana María Paz , Venturelli Paula Muñoz , Martínez Gonzalo
Published: June 2024

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) significantly contributes to cardiovascular death worldwide. ACS may arise from the disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque, ultimately leading to acute ischemia and myocardial infarction. In the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation assumes a pivotal role, not solely in the initiation and complications of atherosclerotic plaque formation, but also in the myocardial response to ischemic insult. Acute inflammatory processes, coupled with time to reperfusion, orchestrate ischemic and reperfusion injuries, dictating infarct magnitude and acute left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Conversely, chronic inflammation, alongside neurohumoral activation, governs persistent LV remodeling. The interplay between chronic LV remodeling and recurrent ischemic episodes delineates the progression of the disease toward heart failure and cardiovascular death. Colchicine exerts anti-inflammatory properties affecting both the myocardium and atherosclerotic plaque by modulating the activity of monocyte/macrophages, neutrophils, and platelets. This modulation can potentially result in a more favorable LV remodeling and forestalls the recurrence of ACS. This narrative review aims to delineate the role of inflammation across the different phases of ACS pathophysiology and describe the mechanistic underpinnings of colchicine, exploring its purported role in modulating each of these stages.
The predictive power of environmental concern, perceived behavioral control and social norms in shaping pro-environmental intentions: a multicountry study
Authors: Kotyza Pavel , Cabelkova Inna , Pierański Bartłomiej , Malec Karel , Borusiak Barbara , Smutka Luboš , Nagy Sandor , Gawel Aleksandra , Bernardo López Lluch David , Kis Krisztián , Gál József , Gálová Jana , Mravcová Anna , Knezevic Blaženka , Hlaváček Martin
Published: June 2024

Pro-environmental intentions encourage individuals to make conscious decisions that help protect the environment, reduce waste, conserve resources, and preserve natural habitats. This study aims to assess the predictive power of environmental concern, perceived behavioral control and social norms in determining the pro-environmental intentions in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. Methodologically we rely on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), applied to the survey study among 2,702 university students majoring in economics, finance, management, or marketing from Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Spain. The results show that the model explained 51% of the total variance of pro-environmental intentions, with the predictive power of environmental concern and perceived behavioral control at 42% and 45%, respectively, and social norms at only 6% (out of total 51% of explanatory power). The implications of our results suggest a major focus on increasing environmental concern and perceived behavioral control in behavioral interventions to support pro-environmental behavior. The effectiveness of social pressure produced by injunctive social norms proved limited. The cross-country differences were not statistically significant. More research must be done to study the relative effect of injunctive and descriptive social norms on pro-environmental behavior.
Mitophagy and clear cell renal cell carcinoma: insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics analysis
Authors: Jiang Lai , Ren Xing , Yang Jinyan , Chen Haiqing , Zhang Shengke , Zhou Xuancheng , Huang Jinbang , Jiang Chenglu , Gu Yuheng , Tang Jingyi , Yang Guanhu , Chi Hao , Qin Jianhua
Published: June 2024

Background

Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, characterized by high heterogeneity and complexity. Recent studies have identified mitochondrial defects and autophagy as key players in the development of ccRCC. This study aims to delve into the changes in mitophagic activity within ccRCC and its impact on the tumor microenvironment, revealing its role in tumor cell metabolism, development, and survival strategies.

Methods

Comprehensive analysis of ccRCC tumor tissues using single cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to reveal the role of mitophagy in ccRCC. Mitophagy was determined to be altered among renal clear cells by gene set scoring. Key mitophagy cell populations and key prognostic genes were identified using NMF analysis and survival analysis approaches. The role of UBB in ccRCC was also demonstrated by in vitro experiments.

Results

Compared to normal kidney tissue, various cell types within ccRCC tumor tissues exhibited significantly increased levels of mitophagy, especially renal clear cells. Key genes associated with increased mitophagy levels, such as UBC, UBA52, TOMM7, UBB, MAP1LC3B, and CSNK2B, were identified, with their high expression closely linked to poor patient prognosis. Particularly, the ubiquitination process involving the UBB gene was found to be crucial for mitophagy and its quality control.

Conclusion

This study highlights the central role of mitophagy and its regulatory factors in the development of ccRCC, revealing the significance of the UBB gene and its associated ubiquitination process in disease progression.
Different origin-derived exosomes and their clinical advantages in cancer therapy
Authors: Jin Xiaoyan , Zhang Jing , Zhang Yufu , He Jing , Wang Mingming , Hei Yu , Guo Shutong , Xu Xiangrong , Liu Yusi
Published: June 2024

Exosomes, as a class of small extracellular vesicles closely related to the biological behavior of various types of tumors, are currently attracting research attention in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Regarding cancer diagnosis, the stability of their membrane structure and their wide distribution in body fluids render exosomes promising biomarkers. It is expected that exosome-based liquid biopsy will become an important tool for tumor diagnosis in the future. For cancer treatment, exosomes, as the “golden communicators” between cells, can be designed to deliver different drugs, aiming to achieve low-toxicity and low-immunogenicity targeted delivery. Signaling pathways related to exosome contents can also be used for safer and more effective immunotherapy against tumors. Exosomes are derived from a wide range of sources, and exhibit different biological characteristics as well as clinical application advantages in different cancer therapies. In this review, we analyzed the main sources of exosomes that have great potential and broad prospects in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Moreover, we compared their therapeutic advantages, providing new ideas for the clinical application of exosomes.
A novel artificial intelligence network to assess the prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer to immunotherapy based on genetic mutation features
Authors: Ye Bicheng , Li Zhongyan , Wang Qiqi
Published: June 2024

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized gastrointestinal cancer treatment, yet the absence of reliable biomarkers hampers precise patient response prediction.

Methods

We developed and validated a genomic mutation signature (GMS) employing a novel artificial intelligence network to forecast the prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing ICIs therapy. Subsequently, we explored the underlying immune landscapes across different subtypes using multiomics data. Finally, UMI-77 was pinpointed through the analysis of drug sensitization data from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database. The sensitivity of UMI-77 to the AGS and MKN45 cell lines was evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay and the plate clone formation assay.

Results

Using the artificial intelligence network, we developed the GMS that independently predicts the prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer patients. The GMS demonstrated consistent performance across three public cohorts and exhibited high sensitivity and specificity for 6, 12, and 24-month overall survival (OS) in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. It outperformed conventional clinical and molecular features. Low-risk samples showed a higher presence of cytolytic immune cells and enhanced immunogenic potential compared to high-risk samples. Additionally, we identified the small molecule compound UMI-77. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of UMI-77 was inversely related to the GMS. Notably, the AGS cell line, classified as high-risk, displayed greater sensitivity to UMI-77, whereas the MKN45 cell line, classified as low-risk, showed less sensitivity.

Conclusion

The GMS developed here can reliably predict survival benefit for gastrointestinal cancer patients on ICIs therapy.
Prognostic prediction and comparison of three staging programs for patients with advanced (T2-T4) esophageal squamous carcinoma after radical resection
Authors: Wang Zhongshuai , Li Feng , Zhu Mingchuang , Lu Tao , Wen Linqi , Yang Shengzhao , Zhuang Xiaofei , Zhang Shuangping , Ma Yong , Lian Jianhong
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Lymph node-based staging protocols are frequently employed to evaluate the prognosis of esophageal cancer, yet their accuracy remains contentious. The present study was conducted to assess the prognostic significance of three lymph node staging systems, namely N stage, lymph node rate (LNR), and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), in patients diagnosed with advanced (T2-T4) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods

This cohort comprised 319 eligible patients, with an additional 409 individuals retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, forming the validation cohort. Differences in overall survival (OS) of patients between groups were assessed using the log-rank test. Prognostic independent risk variables were identified, and lymph nodes (LN) prognostic models were built using multivariate Cox regression analysis. Besides, the predictive accuracy of each model was evaluated utilizing the (-2) log-likelihood ratio (-2LLR), the likelihood ratio χ2 score (LRχ2), the Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Harrell’s concordance index (C-index). To further evaluate the potential superiority of the model, a nomogram was constructed for comparison with the conventional Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) staging approach.

Results

Independent prognostic factors for advanced ESCC include the N stage, LNR, and LODDS. Herein, LODDS presented higher values for C-index and LRχ2, and lower values for AIC and -2LLR in OS compared to the others. Consequently, a nomogram was constructed based on LODDS. Calibration curves exhibited strong agreement, and assessment through C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated promising clinical applicability.

Conclusion

LODDS emerges as a promising future prognostic indicator. After surgery, the proposed model holds the potential to provide valuable treatment recommendations for patients with advanced ESCC.
Value of intralesional and perilesional radiomics for predicting the bioactivity of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Zhang Simiao , Hou Juan , Xia Wenwen , Zhao Zicheng , Xu Min , Li Shouxian , Xu Chunhui , Zhang Tieliang , Liu Wenya
Published: June 2024

Objectives

To investigate the value of intralesional and perilesional radiomics based on computed tomography (CT) in predicting the bioactivity of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE).

Materials and methods

In this retrospective study, 131 patients who underwent surgical resection and diagnosed HAE in pathology were included (bioactive, n=69; bioinactive, n=62). All patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n=78) and validation cohort (n=53) in a 6:4 ratio. The gross lesion volume (GLV), perilesional volume (PLV), and gross combined perilesional volume (GPLV) radiomics features were extracted on CT images of portal vein phase. Feature selection was performed by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), univariate analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Radiomics models were established by support vector machine (SVM). The Radscore of the best radiomics model and clinical independent predictors were combined to establish a clinical radiomics nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and decision curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the nomogram model.

Results

In the training cohort, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the GLV, PLV, and GPLV radiomic models was 0.774, 0.729, and 0.868, respectively. GPLV radiomic models performed best among the three models in training and validation cohort. Calcification type and fibrinogen were clinical independent predictors (p<0.05). The AUC of the nomogram-model-based clinical and GPLV radiomic signatures was 0.914 in the training cohort and 0.833 in the validation cohort. The decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram had greater benefits compared with the single radiomics model or clinical model.

Conclusion

The nomogram model based on clinical and GPLV radiomic signatures shows the best performance in prediction of the bioactivity of HAE. Radiomics including perilesional tissue can significantly improve the prediction efficacy of HAE bioactivity.
Our current understanding of the biological impact of endometrial cancer mtDNA genome mutations and their potential use as a biomarker
Authors: Khadka Pabitra , Young Carolyn K. J. , Sachidanandam Ravi , Brard Laurent , Young Matthew J.
Published: June 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a devastating and common disease affecting women’s health. The NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program predicted that there would be >66,000 new cases in the United States and >13,000 deaths from EC in 2023, and EC is the sixth most common cancer among women worldwide. Regulation of mitochondrial metabolism plays a role in tumorigenesis. In proliferating cancer cells, mitochondria provide the necessary building blocks for biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, and glucose. One mechanism causing altered mitochondrial activity is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. The polyploid human mtDNA genome is a circular double-stranded molecule essential to vertebrate life that harbors genes critical for oxidative phosphorylation plus mitochondrial-derived peptide genes. Cancer cells display aerobic glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect, which arises from the needs of fast-dividing cells and is characterized by increased glucose uptake and conversion of glucose to lactate. Solid tumors often contain at least one mtDNA substitution. Furthermore, it is common for cancer cells to harbor mixtures of wild-type and mutant mtDNA genotypes, known as heteroplasmy. Considering the increase in cancer cell energy demand, the presence of functionally relevant carcinogenesis-inducing or environment-adapting mtDNA mutations in cancer seems plausible. We review 279 EC tumor-specific mtDNA single nucleotide variants from 111 individuals from different studies. Many transition mutations indicative of error-prone DNA polymerase γ replication and C to U deamination events were present. We examine the spectrum of mutations and their heteroplasmy and discuss the potential biological impact of recurrent, non-synonymous, insertion, and deletion mutations. Lastly, we explore current EC treatments, exploiting cancer cell mitochondria for therapy and the prospect of using mtDNA variants as an EC biomarker.