bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent progress on nanostructured carbon-based counter/back electrodes for high-performance dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells
Authors: Aftabuzzaman M. , Lu Chunyuan , Kim Hwan Kyu
Published: August 2020

This paper review the recent progress of carbon-based materials as counter electrode or back electrode in dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells considering their synthetic approaches, modification, and structure-function relationship.
Switchable supracolloidal 3D DNA origami nanotubes mediated through fuel/antifuel reactions
Authors: Groeer Saskia , Walther Andreas
Published: August 2020

3D DNA origami-based building blocks assemble reversibly to supracolloidal nanotubes using toehold-mediated strand displacement as probed by imaging andin situFRET measurements.
Tailoring molecular interactions between microporous polymers in high performance mixed matrix membranes for gas separations
Authors: Lau Cher Hon , Konstas Kristina , Doherty Cara M. , Smith Stefan J. D. , Hou Rujing , Wang Huanting , Carta Mariolino , Yoon Heewook , Park Jaesung , Freeman Benny D. , Malpass-Evans Richard , Lasseuguette Elsa , Ferrari Maria-Chiara , McKeown Neil B. , Hill Matthew R.
Published: August 2020

Membranes are crucial to lowering the huge energy costs of chemical separations.
FRET-based intracellular investigation of nanoprodrugs toward highly efficient anticancer drug delivery
Authors: Taemaitree Farsai , Fortuni Beatrice , Koseki Yoshitaka , Fron Eduard , Rocha Susana , Hofkens Johan , Uji-i Hiroshi , Inose Tomoko , Kasai Hitoshi
Published: August 2020

FRET Nanoprodrugs (FRET-NPDs) were synthesized and internalized in cancer cells to study their intracellular dynamics and degradation.
Transition-metal and oxidant-free approach for the synthesis of diverse N-heterocycles by TMSCl activation of isocyanides
Authors: Luo Liangliang , Li Hongyan , Liu Jinxin , Zhou Yuan , Dong Lin , Xiao You-Cai , Chen Fen-Er
Published: August 2020

A highly efficient TMSCl-mediated addition of N-nucleophiles to isocyanides has been achieved.
Rh-catalyzed highly regioselective hydroformylation to linear aldehydes by employing porous organic polymer as a ligand
Authors: Wang Zhaozhan , Yang Yong
Published: August 2020

A porous organic polymer as a ligand was designed and prepared for Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation with outstanding activity and unprecedently high regioselectivity to linear aldehyde.
Agar-reduced graphene oxide selectively adsorbs organic dyes and strengthens double-network hydrogels
Authors: Tang Tang , Goossens Karel , Lu Sherilyn J. , Meng Dongli , Bielawski Christopher W.
Published: August 2020

Agar-reduced graphene oxide was conveniently synthesized from readily available precursors and found to selectively adsorb cationic organic dyes as well as to enhance the mechanical properties exhibited by various types of double-network hydrogels.
Graphdiyne formed a novel CuI-GD/g-C3N4 S-scheme heterojunction composite for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Jin Zhiliang , Zhang Lijun , Wang Guorong , Li Yanbing , Wang Yanbin
Published: August 2020

Rational design of novel and efficient hybrid photocatalysts has great significance today, as fossil energy demands urgent need to be replaced by green energy, such as the hydrogen energy.
Bipyrimidine core structure-based hole transport materials for efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yang Yang , Wu Fei , Lu Huiqiang , Li Shufang , Zhong Cheng , Zhu Linna
Published: August 2020

The newly designed MD–C with a bipyrimidine core structure as an efficient HTM for high-performance (19.93%) and stable perovskite solar cells.
Low defects density CsPbBr3 single crystals grown by an additive assisted method for gamma-ray detection
Authors: Feng Yuanxiang , Pan Lei , Wei Haotong , Liu Ye , Ni Zhenyi , Zhao Jingjing , Rudd Peter N. , Cao Lei R. , Huang Jinsong
Published: August 2020

Metal halide perovskites have arisen as a new family of semiconductors for radiation detectors due to their high stopping power, large and balanced electron–hole mobility-lifetime (μτ) product, and tunable bandgap.
The effect of aromatic ring size in electron deficient semiconducting polymers for n-type organic thermoelectrics
Authors: Alsufyani Maryam , Hallani Rawad K. , Wang Suhao , Xiao Mingfei , Ji Xudong , Paulsen Bryan D. , Xu Kai , Bristow Helen , Chen Hu , Chen Xingxing , Sirringhaus Henning , Rivnay Jonathan , Fabiano Simone , McCulloch Iain
Published: August 2020

N-type semiconducting polymers have been recently utilized in thermoelectric devices, however they have typically exhibited low electrical conductivities and poor device stability, in contrast to p-type semiconductors, which have been much higher performing.
The molecular functions of RIT1 and its contribution to human disease
Authors: Van Richard , Cuevas-Navarro Antonio , Castel Pau , McCormick Frank
Published: August 2020

RIT1 is a member of the Ras family of GTPases that direct broad cellular physiological responses through tightly controlled signaling networks. The canonical Ras GTPases are well-defined regulators of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and mutations in these are pathogenic in cancer and a class of developmental disorders termed RASopathies. Emerging clinical evidences have now demonstrated a role for RIT1 in RASopathies, namely Noonan syndrome, and various cancers including lung adenocarcinoma and myeloid malignancies. While RIT1 has been mostly described in the context of neuronal differentiation and survival, the mechanisms underlying aberrant RIT1-mediated signaling remain elusive. Here, we will review efforts undertaken to characterize the biochemical and functional properties of the RIT1 GTPase at the molecular, cellular, and organismal level, as well as provide a phenotypic overview of different human conditions caused by RIT1 mutations. Deeper understanding of RIT1 biological function and insight to its pathogenic mechanisms are imperative to developing effective therapeutic interventions for patients with RIT1-mutant Noonan syndrome and cancer.
Dysregulated hepcidin response to dietary iron in male mice with reduced Gnpat expression
Authors: Rishi Gautam , Secondes Eriza S. , Asplett Kiran , Wallace Daniel F. , Ostini Lesa , Berger Johannes , Subramaniam V. Nathan
Published: August 2020

Exome sequencing has identified the glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (GNPAT) gene as a genetic modifier of iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). Subjects with HFE (Homeostatic Iron Regulator) p.C282Y mutations and the GNPAT p.D519G variant had more iron loading compared with subjects without the GNPAT variant. In response to an oral iron challenge, women with GNPAT polymorphisms loaded more iron as compared with women without polymorphisms, reinforcing a role for GNPAT in iron homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize an animal model of disease to further our understanding of genetic modifiers, and in particular the role of GNPAT in iron homeostasis. We generated an Hfe/Gnpat mouse model reminiscent of the patients previously studied and studied these mice for up to 26 weeks. We also examined the effect of dietary iron loading on mice with reduced Gnpat expression. Gnpat heterozygosity in Hfe knockout mice does not play a role in systemic iron homeostasis; Gnpat+/− mice fed a high-iron diet, however, had lower hepatic hepcidin (HAMP) mRNA expression, whereas they have significantly higher serum iron levels and transferrin saturation compared with wildtype (WT) littermates on a similar diet. These results reinforce an independent role of GNPAT in systemic iron homeostasis, reproducing in an animal model, the observations in women with GNPAT polymorphisms subjected to an iron tolerance test.
The Role of Voice Quality in Mandarin Sarcastic Speech: An Acoustic and Electroglottographic Study
Authors: Li Shanpeng , Gu Wentao , Liu Lei , Tang Ping
Published: August 2020

Purpose

Sarcasm is a specialized speech act in daily vocal communication usually characterized by unique prosodic features, but the role of voice quality in expressing sarcasm has not been explored much. The goal of this study is to explore the voice quality features of Mandarin sarcastic speech in comparison to sincere speech.

Method

Fifteen male and 15 female native speakers of Mandarin uttered 31 target sentences with both sincere and sarcastic attitudes. Nine voice quality parameters extracted from the acoustic and electroglottographic signals were analyzed using a linear mixed model, and a classification analysis using a random forest algorithm was conducted to identify the relative contribution of these parameters to the differentiation between sincere and sarcastic utterances.

Results

In comparison to sincere speech, sarcastic speech had a creakier voice, which was characterized by a lower fundamental frequency, a greater degree of vocal fold adduction (i.e., higher contact quotient), lesser noise (i.e., higher harmonics-to-noise ratio), and more multiple pulsing (i.e., higher subharmonic-to-harmonic ratio). The interaction effect revealed a gender difference in the use of creakier voice to express sarcasm in Mandarin. The classification analysis using the random forest algorithm showed that the nine voice quality parameters resulted in 84.0% and 83.7% identification rates for sarcastic and sincere utterances, respectively.

Conclusions

The results of this preliminary study support the role of voice quality in expressing sarcasm in Mandarin speech. Using a set of voice quality parameters, sarcastic and sincere utterances can be effectively identified. Furthermore, there is a gender difference in the use of creakier voice in expressing Mandarin sarcastic speech.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12743780
Improvement of underwater colour correction using standard deviation ratio
Authors: Moon S.W. , Lee H.S. , Eom I.K.
Published: August 2020

This Letter presents a simple and new colour correction algorithm for the underwater image. The proposed method corrects the pixels of the weak colour channel based on the ratio of the standard deviation of the weak colour channel to that of the green channel. The corrected image based on the proposed colour balanced algorithm barely produces a reddish artefact and can be applied directly to the existing dehazing approaches without any processing. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves good colour correction performance, as well as reasonable underwater image enhancement when employed with the existing dehazing methods.
High penetrated renewable energy sources‐based AOMPC for microgrid's frequency regulation during weather changes, time‐varying parameters and generation unit collapse
Authors: Abazari Ahmadreza , Soleymani Mohammad Mahdi , Babaei Masoud , Ghafouri Mohsen , Monsef Hassan , Beheshti Mohammad T. H.
Published: August 2020

Using inverter‐based topologies and lack of rotational masses can lead to a noticeable reduction in the inertia of modern systems and have detrimental effects on the resiliency, stability and strengths of microgrids. Effective frequency control ancillary services and modern adaptive control mechanisms can be proposed to resolve the mentioned challenges practically. From this perspective, several flexible and intelligent control approaches have been recently introduced to create a balance between generation and load demand during various operational conditions in low‐inertia power systems. This study suggests a supportive collaboration between two distributed generations including virtual inertia of wind turbine generator and fast speed micro‐turbine based on an adaptive optimal model predictive control (AOMPC). To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, the results are compared with the previous controllers like optimal proportional–integral, optimal fractional order proportional–integral–derivative (PID), optimal fuzzy PID, the optimised membership function of fuzzy and adaptive MPC controller during multiple load variations, changes in the weather patterns, unwanted time‐varying uncertainties and collapse of power generation units.
Les pistolets LIBS : Applications au patrimoine et à la géologie
Authors: Bousquet Bruno , Syvilay Delphine , Fabre Cécile
Published: August 2020

Les sources laser nanosecondes ainsi que les spectromètres optiques ont atteint un niveau de compacité tel que cela a conduit au développement et à la commercialisation de pistolets LIBS. Avec une autonomie de plusieurs heures, ces dispositifs permettent de réaliser, hors du laboratoire, de nombreuses analyses élémentaires semiquantitatives de la plupart des éléments d’intérêt. Le patrimoine et la géologie font partie des domaines qui ont d’ores et déjà tiré profit de ces nouveaux outils.
Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroamination of Styrenes with
piv
ZPhos as Ligand
Authors: Wu Linglin , Zhang Yongda , Chen Chengsheng , Wu Ling , Wang Yuwen
Published: August 2020

A copper-catalyzed hydroamination of styrenes using
piv
ZPhos as ligand is reported. Enantioselectivities up to 94% are achieved under optimized conditions with aryl and heteroaryl styrenes. A variety of electrophilic O-benzoylhydroxylamines are well tolerated.
Droplet applicator module for reproducible and controlled endoscopic laryngeal adductor reflex stimulation
Authors: Fast J. F. , Westermann K. A. , Laves M.-H. , Jungheim M. , Ptok M. , Ortmaier T. , Kahrs L. A.
Published: August 2020

This work presents a droplet applicator module to generate stable droplets with different muzzle energies for the reproducible endoscopic stimulation of the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR). The LAR is a protective reflex of the human larynx; an abnormal LAR performance may cause aspiration pneumonia. A pathological LAR can be detected by evaluating its onset latency. The reflex can be triggered by shooting a droplet onto the laryngeal mucosa, which is referred to as Microdroplet Impulse Testing of the LAR (MIT-LAR). Stimulation intensity variation is desired as the reflex threshold may vary inter-individually. The kinetic energy of a droplet after detachment from the nozzle, i.e., its muzzle energy, is considered an appropriate metric for the LAR stimulation intensity. In this work, a suitable nozzle channel geometry is identified based on the experimental evaluation of droplet formation using three different nozzle channel geometries. Two nontoxic additives are evaluated regarding their effect on fluid properties and droplet formation. The range of achievable droplet muzzle energies is determined by high-speed cinematography in association with a physically motivated model of the macroscopic droplet motion. The experimental results show that sodium chloride is a suitable additive to enhance droplet stability in the studied parameter range with the proposed system. Droplet muzzle energy variation from 0.02 μJ to 1.37 μJ was achieved while preserving the formation of a single stimulation droplet. These results are an important prerequisite for a safe and reproducible LAR stimulation by MIT-LAR, which could also help to further elucidate the physiological mechanisms underlying this laryngeal reflex.
Surface roughness effect on a droplet impacting a thin film using pseudo-potential lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Zhou Jiayu , Yuan Hao , He Xiaolong , Ma Dianguang , Xie Chunhang , Peng Yongqin , Guo Pingcuo , Wang Xin
Published: August 2020

A tunable surface tension pseudo-potential lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is applied to study a droplet splashing on a thin film over a rough surface. Our study focuses on the crown evolution processes influenced by various roughness parameters, including the protrusion height and the distance between two protrusions. The total kinetic energy of the crown is introduced to study the evolution process. The results indicate that more kinetic energy is consumed in the collision process and that the crown has a shorter dimensionless height in the case of a rough surface than with a flat surface. A threshold dimensionless protrusion height exists at which the energy consumption is minimized and the crown height is maximized. The dimensionless distance between two protrusions may affect the symmetry of the liquid crown but does not influence the kinetic energy consumed in the impact process. Neither the protrusion height nor the distance between two protrusions has a significant effect on the crown radius evolution process. This study shows that the proposed LBM pseudo-potential model is an effective tool for predicting the process of a droplet impacting a thin film in the presence of complex boundaries.
BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ge-68 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 68Ge for the LNMRI/IRD, NIST, NIM, IRA-METAS, LNE-LNHB and the TAEK, and the linked 2015 CCRI(II)-K2.Ge-68 comparison
Authors: Michotte C , Ratel G , Courte S , Nonis M , Iwahara A , Da Silva C J , Fitzgerald R , Bergeron D E , Cessna J T , Laureano-Pérez L , Pibida L , Zimmerman B E , Zhang M , Liang J , Liu H , Juget F , Nedjadi Y , Fréchou C , Bobin C , Yeltepe E , Dirican A
Published: August 2020

This report summarises the results for the new BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ge-68 comparison. Six metrology institutes have participated, enabling the first value of the key comparison reference value(KCRV) to be determined. The KCRV was calculated using the power-moderated weighted mean and the results. A link has been made to the CCRI(II)-K2.Ge-68 comparison held in 2015 through the NIST, NIM,IRA-METAS and the LNE-LNHB who participated in both comparisons. One NMI used the K2 comparison to update their degree of equivalence. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the International Reference System (SIR) and the KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table for the remaining five NMIs in the BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ge-68 comparison and the 12 other participants in the CCRI(II)-K2.Ge-68 comparison. A graphical presentation is also given.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Two-step high-pressure high-temperature synthesis of nanodiamonds from naphthalene*
Authors: Liu Tong , Yang Xi-Gui , Li Zhen , Hu Yan-Wei , Lv Chao-Fan , Zhao Wen-Bo , Zang Jin-Hao , Shan Chong-Xin
Published: August 2020

Nanodiamonds have outstanding mechanical properties, chemical inertness, and biocompatibility, which give them potential in various applications. Current methods for preparing nanodiamonds often lead to products with impurities and uneven morphologies. We report a two-step high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) method to synthesize nanodiamonds using naphthalene as the precursor without metal catalysts. The grain size of the diamonds decreases with increasing carbonization time (at constant pressure and temperature of 11.5 GPa and 700 °C, respectively). This is discussed in terms of the different crystallinities of the carbon intermediates. The probability of secondary anvil cracking during the HPHT process is also reduced. These results indicate that the two-step method is efficient for synthesizing nanodiamonds, and that it is applicable to other organic precursors.
A statistical approach towards defining national-scale meteorological droughts in India using crop data
Authors: Udmale Parmeshwar , Ichikawa Yutaka , Ning Shaowei , Shrestha Sangam , Pal Indrajit
Published: August 2020

In recent years, several drought indices have been developed and used to monitor local to regional scale droughts on various temporal scales. However, to our knowledge, these indices do not possess generalized criteria to define a threshold in which to declare a national-scale drought. We present a statistical methodology to identify national-scale meteorological drought years in India. We implement a Superposed Epoch Analysis and bootstrap analysis to estimate annual cereal crop production losses as a result of widespread meteorological drought events. For this purpose, the meteorological definition of drought based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), in combination with the country’s cropland area and cereal crops production, is used. The results demonstrate that a national-scale meteorological drought is defined if approximately 19% or more of India’s cropland is affected by meteorological drought (SPI3 and SPEI3 equal to or less than −1.00) throughout the monsoon season (June–September). According to this analysis, depending on the indicator data used, a total of 18to 20 national-scale meteorological droughts were identified in India during 1964–2015, causing a 3.61% to 3.93% composite decrease in cereal crops production. The years which were commonly identified as national scale meteorological droughts over cropland by using different approaches are 1965, 1972, 1987, 2002, and 2009. A similar statistical approach can also be used to define drought thresholds at various spatial scales using the drought indices most applicable to the purpose and scale of study.
Classical and quantum complex Hamiltonian curl forces
Authors: Berry M V
Published: August 2020

A class of Newtonian forces, determining the acceleration
F
(x, y) of particles in the plane, is
F
=(Re F(z), Im F(z)), where z is the complex variable x + iy. Curl
F
is non-zero, so these forces are nonconservative. These complex curl forces correspond to completely integrable Hamiltonians that are anisotropic in the momenta, separable in z and z
* but not in x and y if the curl is nonzero. The Hamiltonians can be quantised, leading to unfamiliar wavefunctions, even for the (non-curl) isotropic harmonic oscillator. The formalism provides an alternative interpretation of the analytic continuation of one-dimensional real Hamiltonian particle dynamics, where trajectories are known to exhibit intricate structure (though not chaos), and is a Hermitian alternative to non-Hermitian quantisation.
Prediction of size reduction by batch ball milling process for crab shell powder prior hydroxyapatite conversion
Authors: Wibisono Yusuf , Rafianto Vibi , Alvianto Dikianur , Bagus Hermanto Mochamad
Published: August 2020

The crab (Portunus pelagicus) shell is a marine biowaste produced by seafood industries. Traditionally, crab shells were collected to be converted into animal feed, however many of them are disposed of as industrial waste. A conversion of crab shells into hydroxyapatite is a better option for producing high-value biomaterial. Hydroxyapatite materials can be used as slow-release fertilizer while combining them with traditional fertilizer or as a stand-alone green fertilizer with high phosphatic content. Prior to hydroxyapatite conversion, the size reduction of crab shells is required. In this study, crab shell powder is derived from dried crab shell with the water content is approximately 10% wb. The size reduction is processed by using a customized batch type ball mill. This study is aiming at determining the kinetic model of milling parameters for crab shell milling by using the ball mills. An amount of 1.5 kg of dried crabs shell was milled by using 3-size mixed metal balls. The powder was then analyzed its particle size, and the particle size is used as an input in the mathematical model. The computational study focused on the calculation of optimal rotational velocity and kinetic model during the milling process. The kinetic model was based on Population Balance Equation of the mass balance principle, and the results are compared with experimented data characterized by particle size analyzer. It is observed that there are discrepancies between the model and experimental data due to the characteristic of raw materials; however the kinetic model can be used as a prediction of particle size reduction using the ball mill without conducting the real experiment.
Aloe vera and beeswax based coating to maintain shelf life of salak cv. Madu
Authors: Sari P R P , Darmawati E , Ahmad U
Published: August 2020

The coatings on fruits after harvested was applied to maintain the appearance and quality up to the consumer’s hands. This study aimed to maintain color and reduce the level of decay of salak madu during storage. Salak madu was obtained from Madding Fresh, trader and supplier salak from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The salak was coated with Aloe vera gel (20% and 50%) and beeswax (3, 6, and 10%). All samples were stored at 25–28 °C. The parameters used to measure the effect of treatment are skin color, percentage of decay, and weight loss. Observations were carried out for 12 days. The results of this study were found that dyeing on a coating made from Aloe vera 50% was able to slow down weight loss and percentage of decay until the 6 days, while Aloe vera 30% was better at maintaining color changes during storage. Beeswax 3% coating can slow down discoloration and percentage of decay until 6 days of storage. Long-term storage (12 days) with beeswax 10% was better in maintaining changes in the quality of salak madu, while for short-term storage (6 days), beeswax 3% gives better results.
Development of calibration model for determination of sweeteners additives in Indonesia rice flour-based food by FT-NIR spectroscopy
Authors: Masithoh R E , Rondonuwu F F , Setyabudi F M C S , Cho B K
Published: August 2020

Cane sugar and other artificial sweeteners are usually used as a food additive to provide sweetness in food. Sweetener additives can be consumed safely by considering the acceptable daily intake (ADI). This research was aimed to determine the type of sweeteners and the level of sweeteners added in food with regard to the ADI. The food sample used in this study was geplak, traditional Indonesian food, made of rice flour, coconut, and sugar, or other sweeteners. The reflectance of geplak powder was measured using the NIRFlex N500 Fiber Optic Solids Cell at 4000 – 10,000 cm-1. The reflectance spectra obtained were pre-treated and analyzed using The Matlab version R2018a. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used for data exploration and qualitative classification. PCA model was able to classify food added with sugar, saccharin, and cyclamate. PLS-DA calibration model using the 2nd derivative Savitzky-Golay as the spectral pretreatment achieved 100% accuracy in predicting high sucrose and high saccharin, as well as low cyclamate and low saccharin, while achieved a slightly low accuracy of 90.0 and 85.7% in predicting low sucrose and high cyclamate, respectively. PLS-DA prediction model, which also applies the 2nd derivative Savitzky-Golay pretreatment spectra, achieved 100% accuracy in predicting high and low sucrose, low cyclamate, and high saccharin.
Effect of different threshing methods on the physical characteristics of two varieties of paddy rice
Authors: Krah C Y , Kumah P , Mardjan S , Njume A C
Published: August 2020

As part of the efforts to reduce the postharvest losses (quantity and quality) of rice, this study was carried out to ascertain the effects of three threshing methods: (stone, bambam (wooden box), and combine harvester) on two varieties of rice: AGRA and Jasmine 85. The experimental design was a 2×3 factorial experiment in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. At the end of the study, the result of the parameters measured shows combine harvester threshing method recorded the highest dockage level (0.41%) while bambam produced the cleanest grains with dockage level of 0.22%. Percent immature grains produced by AGRA (1.02%) was significantly higher than that of Jasmine 85 (0.61%). Threshing by the stone method produced the highest amount of fissured grains (3.8%) whiles combine harvester produced the least (3.14%) fissured grains. In the germination test, Jasmine 85 (86.11%) were geminated significantly better than AGRA (63.88%). In terms of grain weight, Jasmine recorded a higher weight (25.783g) than AGRA (25.197g), suggesting a higher carbohydrate stored in Jasmine 85. It could be concluded that different varieties have different internal and external properties hence respond differently to a postharvest treatment.
Effect of particle size of white pepper to yield and quality of oleoresin produced by using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method
Authors: Budiastra I W , Damanik AP , Akbar MTF
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of particle size of white pepper to yield and quality of oleoresin produced using Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. White pepper from Bangka Belitung and South Sulawesi were ground using a milling machine and sifted to produce white pepper powder with a particle size of 30, 60, and 100 mesh. The samples (200 g each) were dissolved in ethanol (1:4) and subjected to UAE method to obtain oleoresin. The UAE was carried out using an ultrasound frequency of 20 kHz and an amplitude of 90% for 75 minutes. For comparison, the maceration extraction method was applied for 7 hours. The product of oleoresin was then subjected to vacuum evaporation to reduce ethanol solvent. The yield of oleoresin was calculated and the quality of oleoresin such color and piperine content was measured using colorimeter and GCMS, respectively. The results show that the particle size significantly affects the yield of oleoresin. The smallest particle size (100 mesh) gives the highest yield of oleoresin. The yield of oleoresin produced by UAE was not significantly different from maceration. The UAE method produced higher piperine content (7.51-11.91%) than the maceration extraction method (3.08-8.02%). The color of oleoresin produced by UAE method was similar to maceration.
Thermal Efficiency Simulation of Working Fluids Performance on Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Biomass Energy
Authors: Sucahyo L , Yulianto M , Hartulistiyoso E , Faza I
Published: August 2020

This paper presents the comparative analysis of working fluids R-134a, R-414B, R-404A, and R-407C on small scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with biomass of coconut shell as heat energy. Simulation of the close system using Cycle Tempo software and compared with mathematical calculation models using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software. The property of working fluids is obtained by using Reference Fluid Properties (REFPROP). The best result performance of ORC was shown by working fluid R-404A with thermal efficiency ranges between 7.48-7.53% and electric power output range between 0.074-0.091 kW. This condition operated on the turbine inlet temperature at 60 °C, difference turbine working temperature of 15 °C, condensing temperature of 25 °C, and water boiler mass flow rate of 3 lpm. A comparison of thermal efficiency simulated by Cycles Tempo and EES has an average coefficient of determination (R2) is 99.20%.
Steady state simulation on combination of glazed and unglazed flat plate solar collectors for air heating
Authors: Nelwan L O , Wulandani D , Subrata I D M , Effendi R
Published: August 2020

Unglazed flat plate solar collectors usually have lower costs and can have an advantage in situations where heat loss is low. In this study a steady state simulation of the combination of glazed and unglazed flat plate solar collectors for air heating was performed for various conditions of heat transfer coefficient (3, 12 and 21 W/m2-°C), inlet temperature (30, 45, 60 and 75°C) and solar irradiation (350, 600 and 850 W/m2). The efficiency of combined system of the glazed and unglazed solar collector area was better compared to the system which consists entirely of glazed at a low coefficient of heat transfer (3 W/m2-°C), except for high inlet temperature (more than 60°C) and low solar irradiation (350 W/m2-°C). For the combination of 6m2 unglazed and 9m2 glazed solar collector, the higher percentage of flow rate through unglazed collector slightly increases efficiency except at high inlet temperatures (> 60°C) for high heat transfer coefficient (12 and 21 W/m2-°C) and at low solar irradiation (350 W/m2). For air heating operations which are maintained in equilibrium conditions the temperatures of the air produced were slightly higher than that of the collector inlet.
IDN-LCI: The conceptual framework of the Indonesian life cycle inventory database to support the life cycle assessment
Authors: Siregar Kiman , Supriyanto  , Setiawan Arief Ameir Rahman , Wiloso Edi Iswanto , Sholihati  , Miharza Try , Sofia Intan
Published: August 2020

Divers economic activities in Indonesia such as agriculture, plantation, industry, forestry, industry, constructions, civil, property, and others have been affecting the environment. Assessment of the environmental impact was critical to reduce the damage to the environment and to ensure production and market sustainability. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was the popular method in the environmental analysis based on the ISO 1440 and 14044 that consist of activities such as (1) goal and scope definition, (2) life cycle inventory, (3) inventory analysis, (4) impact assessment and interpretations. More than 40 years LCA has been established. However, the most problem occurred was the availability of Life Cycle Inventories (LCI) database. 70-80 % time and cost in LCA analysis are the data collection and inventory analysis. In this research, we proposed the Indonesian LCI Database. The result of this study was a conceptual framework, actor analysis of Indonesian LCI Databases. The result of this study was the theoretical framework that integrated stakeholder participation, such as academic, business, government, and society. Also, the technical standard and the role of the stakeholder for Indonesian life cycle inventory was designed.
Design of an updraft gasification stove and its performance test with cassava peel as fuel
Authors: Andika S , Nelwan L O
Published: August 2020

In this study, an insulated updraft gasification stove for biomass has been designed and tested for cassava peel. The main components of the stove were forced airflow inlet, biomass bed and gasification chamber and ceramic wool-insulated stainless steel wall. Top lit method was used in the ignition and testing was performed by using water boiling test method. Cassava peel was fed at four levels of bulk densities and moisture content. The result showed that combustion rates were quite high. The bulk density of fuel tend to reduce the rate of combustion and ignition front speed. The cassava peel with moisture content of 8-10% showed reddish-purple flame and small amount of smoke produced while with moisture content above 15%, the fuel could not be ignited in a reasonable time. The thermal system efficiencies of this gasification stove were still quite low, which were between 5.88 to 8.79%.
Application of GeoWEPP - TOPAZ model to delineate stream network and watershed at upper Citarum watershed - Cikeruh and Citarik sub-watershed
Authors: Amaru K , Dwiratna S
Published: August 2020

GIS technology in GeoWEPP, namely TOPAZ model, was utilized to delineate network streams and watershed. The purpose of this study is to apply the TOPAZ model in GeoWEPP for watershed modeling. The research location is the Citarik and Cikeruh Sub-watershed. The TOPAZ model utilizes a DEM to generate topographic parameterization. It processed a DEM and then distinguished a hillslope, a channel based on channel network. Stream order is allocated for channel section in accordance with the watershed channel network. DEMNAS which based on the IFSAR, TERRASAR X, and ALOS-PALSAR was utilized. Network stream and watershed delineation generated by TOPAZ based on 10-meters resolution DEM, 5 ha Critical Source Area (CSA), and 100 meters Minimum Source Channel Length (MSCL). The result shows that GeoWEPP can effectively produce watershed. Compared to the traditional method of delineating by hands, GeoWEPP failed to accurately define the watershed area since it located in the downstream and paddy field. These are weaknesses in the spatial analysis of GIS since TOPAZ cannot define the existing channel and change topography easily. The solution, field surveys are needed and river basins can be accurately determined. However, TOPAZ successfully generates network streams and watersheds in the upstream area.
Evaluation of the sand trap performance of the Pengasih weir during the operational period
Authors: Pradipta AG , Maulana AF , Murtiningrum  , Arif SS , Tirtalistyani R
Published: August 2020

Sedimentation is the main trigger in reducing the capacity of the irrigation channel. The weir is equipped with a sand trap, to withstand the volume of sediments originating from the upstream area, some of which enter the irrigation intake. The sand trap is designed with sufficient width and sloping energy slope, allowing sediment to settle. The Pengasih Weir, located in Kulonprogo Regency, is one of the weirs that is equipped with a sand trap building. The Pengasih Weir and the sand trap were built-in 1972. With the development of current conditions, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the sand trap of The Pengasih Weir. In this study, the evaluation of sand trap performance is reviewed during the operational (settling) period. The result showed that the Meyer-Peter Muller formula can be used as an approach in the calculation of the amount of sediment transport and also to estimate the settled volume. It is recommended to flush the sand trap in between 184.922 days. The average value of trap efficiency was 0.89%. It can be concluded that the Pegasih Weir sand trap design still has good performance in settling the sediment inflow.
Growth and yield of paddy rice with a one-one planting system and furrow irrigation in the SRI method
Authors: Sunadi  , Utama M Z H , Badal B
Published: August 2020

This experiment aims to study the effect of seedling number clump−1 in one-one planting system and furrow irrigation in the SRI method, using a split-plot design three replications. Two-level furrow irrigation systems placed as the main plot, namely the intermittent system and the flooded system during the vegetative phase. In sub-plots were placed five levels the number of seedling clump−1 in a one-one planting system, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seedlings. The experiment used Cisokan varieties with seedlings aged 12 days after sowing. The furrow irrigation system did not affect all components of growth and yield of paddy rice, while the number of seedlings clump−1 affected the total number of tillers, productive tillers, and the yield of grain clump−1, but did not change the weight of 1000 grains. The use of 3-5 seedlings clump−1 produces more tillers than 1-2 seedlings clump−1. In the furrow irrigation with the intermittent system, the highest grain production was five seedlings clump−1, while in the flooded system was in 3-5 seedlings clump−1. To increase paddy rice production, we use five seedlings clump−1 with a one-one planting system by intermittent or flooded furrow irrigation systems.
The role of mechanization in agricultural development on border areas
Authors: Ichniarsyah A N , Erniati
Published: August 2020

The application of mechanization in agriculture is aimed to increase productivity. In the last five years, the Government - specifically Ministry of Agriculture - has rapidly and widely distributed assistance in the form of agricultural machinery and equipment to fulfil these ideals. Nevertheless, the reality has not given satisfactory results especially for border areas. Border areas are far from the center of government and it becomes the obstacle in distributing the machines. This study aims to determine the extent of the application and role of mechanization in agricultural development in border areas with case study in Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The study was conducted in 25 villages located directly adjacent to Malaysia. The primary data obtained from interview with heads of farmer group (gapoktan) and the secondary data obtained from authorized institutions. It can be concluded that the agricultural machinery and equipment as a result of government assistance are still not optimally utilized and it causes the slow growth of production rate. It occurs because the tractors were given without improving farmers capacity such as the ability to operate and maintain the machine. Therefore, there is a need to increase non-physical aspects in order to improve the success of the program.
Development of a Control System for Lettuce Cultivation in Floating Raft Hydroponics
Authors: Lenni  , Suhardiyanto H , Seminar KB , Setiawan RPA
Published: August 2020

Developing a control system for hydroponics is gaining high attention because of the possibility to increase resource efficiency in producing high quality vegetables. Applying such a control system for nutrient solution in hydroponics requires less labour and operational cost. Therefore, it is important to develop a control system for nutrient solution in hydroponics. This research was aimed to develop a control system for lettuce cultivation in floating raft hydroponics. The control system has been developed to control temperature, EC, pH, DO, and ORP of nutrient solution in the controlled floating raft hydroponics by using Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller as a control unit and micro SD card as storage media. The control system was found to be able to maintain the temperature of nutrient solution in the range of 20 to 25°C, EC in the range of 1500 to 1700 μS/cm, pH in the range of 5.5 to 6.2, DO in the range of 4 to 8 ppm, and ORP in the range of 300 to 500 mV. The control system performed well in maintaining these parameters as showed by a better lettuce growth in the controlled floating raft hydroponics, as compared to that of without the control system.
Prediction of cow’s body weight by measurement of the body dimensions with image analysis
Authors: Astika I W , Hidayat R
Published: August 2020

Measurement of cow’s body dimensions manually for the prediction of cow’s body weight are less practical. The purpose of this research is to determine the body length, chest circumference, hump height, and hip height for prediction of the mass of cow’s body with image processing. Prediction of the body dimensions with image processing was done by drawing a line on the image correspond with the point of body dimensions measurement and then calculating the number of pixels of each variable of the body size with the Euclidean equation. The mass of cow’s body is predicted by using multiple linear regression equations with two models of regression equation i.e. 1) regression equation with two variables (body length and chest circumference) and 2) regression equation with four variables (body length, chest circumference, hump height, and hip height). Dimensions of cow’s body obtained from image processing were usually smaller than those obtained from manual measurement. As compared to manual measurements, the average error of body length was 8.8%, the average error of chest circumference was 4.0%, the average error of hump height was 11.8%, and the average error of hip height was 8.3%. Based on regression models, hump height and hip height did not much affect the cow’s body weight, so the regression models only use with two variables: body length (BL) and chest circumference (CC). The model gave an average error 6.4% or about 17.5 kg out of the average weight 234 kg.
Smart City and Its Application
Authors: Prayoga I , Ramadhan R M
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of smart economy program carried out by the Bandung City Government. This research was conducted using descriptive analysis with literature review. The results of this research were the theories and data relating to the title from the relevant agency, so the result could be known that the problem in smart economy was the socialization of the smart economy concept still ineffective and inadequate infrastructure for this program. Until now, Bandung City Government continues to make progress in the implementation process of the programs in smart economy sector. Thus, the impact of implementing smart economy is able to improve economic governance effectively for market traders in Bandung City.
Android Based Livestock Sales Application Information System
Authors: Rohmawati T , Ramadhani F
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the role and function of the information system application in helping the sale of livestock products to farmers so that it can help improve community empowerment and economy. One of them is regarding the application of information systems, which are applications in animal husbandry. This study uses descriptive methods to collect data and describe the problems faced by the community in implementing Android-based application information systems in improving the quality of sales in the field of animal husbandry in the city. The results showed that the application became one of the media used by the community to improve the outcomes and quality of sales in the livestock sector, one of which was the Selling Cattle application. This application will undoubtedly facilitate the community in selling community livestock to increase people’s income.
Design of Web-based Online Sales Information System
Authors: Yulianto H D , Fauzi R
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to create an online information system design of web-based sales to provide a convenience for people, to promote their products, and make consumers easier to obtain information about the desired product. The method used in this study is the waterfall method. This method was used to develop the software system that has a groove on a regular basis starting from analysis, design, coding, and testing. The development of online sales site can trigger a business in any field in the virtual world. Based on the research results, website development is important to address today’s business competition, especially sales of products in the conduct of transactions ranging from product orders, storing product data, change data, and delete data products. This research also provides real-time stock information, such as stock availability of goods to the sales report.
Design of Information System Vehicle Rental Based Web
Authors: Kurniawan B , Alviana S , Prasetyo A M B
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to facilitate vehicle rental transactions between vehicle owners and tenants to make it easier for tenants to choose a vehicle that matches their needs such as engine capacity, number of seats, and so on. That way the tenant does not need to be bothered to come to the rental vehicle to minimize time. The method of this study used descriptive method where the writer conducts interviews directly with the owner who also rents the vehicle at SINAR XBZ to be used in case studies in this research. The results of this study are expected to create a vehicle rental website that can increase the attractiveness of consumers to rent vehicles quickly and reliably. Besides, it is expected that this website can make it easier for both vehicle rental owners and tenants so that the income from the vehicle rental can increase.
Web-Based Information Systems: Developing a Design Theory
Authors: Nusa I B S , Faisal F M
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to determine a proposed taxonomy that classified information systems theory concerning how four main objectives are handled namely analysis, explanation, prediction, and prescription. This research used a descriptive qualitative and experimental research methods. This information technology system design stage is the stage after the analysis of the information technology system development cycle. The results show the definition of system requirements for information technology, preparation for design, or implementation describes how an information technology system can be formed. It can be seen in the form of planning, drawing, making a sketch, or arrangement of several separate elements into a unified whole and functioning. In conclusion, the most important thing in the development of information systems is the user and the system should be integrated.