Isolasi dan Karakteristik Bakteri Metanotrof pada Hutan Alam (Tahura) dan Agroforestri di Kota Batu, Jawa Timur
Authors: Tri waskitho Nugroho , Fanani Ilham , arif cahyo wibowo Febri 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Methanotroph bacteria are one of the microbes that can oxidize methane gas in the atmosphere. Methane is a gas produced by nature through various biological activities, including decomposition processes. Methanotroph bacteria are a group of bacteria that play an important role in reducing the greenhouse effect because of their role in utilize methane in the atmosphere as a source of nutrition. The study aimed to isolate and identify the types of methanotrophic bacteria in Raden Soerjo Cangar Botanical Forest Park (Tahura) and agroforestry (Pinus merkusii with coffee and ginger plants) in Bulukerto Village, Batu City, East Java. Methanotroph bacteria were isolated from natural forest and agroforest soil samples through a purification process. Bacterial isolation uses selective agar media, namely nitrate mineral salt (NMS). Bacterial results from NMS media are then isolated to Nutrient Agar (NA) media. Observation of bacterial species is carried out macroscopically, and biochemical properties are tested. Data analysis was carried out descriptively after the identifying of the genus of bacteria was found. The results showed that the population of methanotroph bacteria in the Tahura area had an average population of 4.4 times more than in the agroforestry area, namely in the Tahura forest as much as 197.92 x 108 per gram and in the agroforestry area 44.72 x 108 per gram. The types of bacteria found in the Tahura area were five types, namely Methylophilus sp., Methylophaga sp., Methylobacterium sp., Methylovorus sp., and Methylococcus sp. In contrast, in the agroforestry area, only three types were found: Methylophaga sp., Methylobacterium sp., and Methylobacilus sp.
Keywords: Bacteria, methanotrophs, emission, methane
Abstrak
Bakteri metanotrof merupakan salah satu mikroba yang dapat melakukan oksidasi gas metan di atmosfer. Metana adalah gas yang dihasilkan alam melalui berbagai aktivitas biologis, termasuk proses penguraian. Bakteri metanotrof merupakan kelompok bakteri yang berperan penting dalam mengurangi efek rumah kaca karena perannya dalam memanfaatkan metana di atmosfer sebagai sumber nutrisinya. Penelitian bertujuan memperoleh isolat dan mengidentifikasi jenis bakteri metanotrof di Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Raden Soerjo Cangar dan agroforestri (Pinus merkusii dengan tanaman kopi dan jahe) di Desa Bulukerto Kota Batu Jawa Timur. Isolasi bakteri metanotrof dilakukan dari sampel tanah dari hutan alam dan agroforestri melalui proses pemurnian. Isolasi bakteri menggunakan media agar selektif, yakni nitrat mineral salt (NMS), hasil bakteri dari media NMS selanjutnya diisolasi ke media Nutrient Agar (NA). Pengamatan spesies bakteri dilakukan secara makroskopis dan pengujian sifat biokimia. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif setelah ditemukan hasil identifikasi genus bakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi bakteri metanotrof di areal Tahura memiliki rata-rata populasi 4,4 kali lebih banyak daripada di areal agroforestry, yaitu di hutan Tahura sebanyak 197,92 x 108 per gram dan di areal agroforestry 44,72 x 108 per gram. Jenis bakteri yang ditemukan di areal Tahura sebanyak lima jenis, yaitu Methylophilus sp., Methylophaga sp., Methylobacterium sp., Methylovorus sp., dan Methylococcus sp., sedangkan di areal agroforestri hanya ditemukan tiga jenis, yaitu Methylophaga sp., Methylobacterium sp., Methylococcus sp., dan Methylobacilus sp.
Kata kunci: Bakteri, metanotrof, emission, metana