bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Biomarkers of Inflammation Between Novel Subgroups of Recent-Onset Diabetes
Authors: Herder Christian , Maalmi Haifa , Strassburger Klaus , Zaharia Oana-Patricia , Ratter Jacqueline M. , Karusheva Yanislava , Elhadad Mohamed A. , Bódis Kálmán , Bongaerts Brenda W.C. , Rathmann Wolfgang , Trenkamp Sandra , Waldenberger Melanie , Burkart Volker , Szendroedi Julia , Roden Michael ,   the GDS Group, Brown Sue A. , Al-Hasani H. , Burkart V. , Buyken A.E. , Geerling G. , Herder C. , Icks A. , Jandeleit-Dahm K. , Kotzka J. , Kuss O. , Lammert E. , Rathmann W. , Schrauwen-Hinderling V. , Szendroedi J. , Trenkamp S. , Ziegler D. , Roden M.
Published: February 2021

A novel clustering approach identified five subgroups of diabetes with distinct progression trajectories of complications. We hypothesized that these subgroups differ in multiple biomarkers of inflammation. Serum levels of 74 biomarkers of inflammation were measured in 414 individuals with recent adult-onset diabetes from the German Diabetes Study (GDS) allocated to five subgroups based on data-driven cluster analysis. Pairwise differences between subgroups for biomarkers were assessed with generalized linear mixed models before (model 1) and after (model 2) adjustment for the clustering variables. Participants were assigned to five subgroups: severe autoimmune diabetes (21%), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) (3%), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) (9%), mild obesity-related diabetes (32%), and mild age-related diabetes (35%). In model 1, 23 biomarkers showed one or more pairwise differences between subgroups (Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.0007). Biomarker levels were generally highest in SIRD and lowest in SIDD. All 23 biomarkers correlated with one or more of the clustering variables. In model 2, three biomarkers (CASP-8, EN-RAGE, IL-6) showed at least one pairwise difference between subgroups (e.g., lower CASP8, EN-RAGE, and IL-6 in SIDD vs. all other subgroups, all P < 0.0007). Thus, novel diabetes subgroups show multiple differences in biomarkers of inflammation, underlining a prominent role of inflammatory pathways in particular in SIRD.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL KOMPUTERISASI SIKLUS AKUNTANSI BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Sulindawati Ni Luh Gede Erni
Published: February 2021

Abstract: Computerized Model Development Accounting Cycle Based Problem Based Lear-ning. Professionals in the field of accounting require professional ability in the use of technology to be able to exist in the face of the demands of the global era. Various developments are appropriately technology can be utilized to improve competence in the field of accounting. Eligibility required mo-re of an ability to combine technology development with the field of accountting in order to solve various accounting cases in the world of work. This study is a continuation of previous research that has resulted in a computerized models of accounting cycle based on Problem Based Learning. This study uses a model of the development of learning tools Instructional Development Models (ID Model). Stage activities of this model is divided into: Problem Determination, Design and Develop-ment, and Implementation. The results showed that: (1) the product of research can be used as a pla-ce of learning for students to review in depth understanding of accounting theory, accounting sys-tems as well as for their ability to take advantage of advances in technology to solve cases of ac-countting, (2) the product of research can be used as a tool in the learning interacttion, (3) research products can be used as a learning resource. Keywords: computerized, accounting cycle and problem based learning Abstrak: Pengembangan Model Komputerisasi Siklus Akuntasi Berbasis Problem Based Lear-ning. Tenaga profesional di bidang akuntansi memerlukan kemampuan profesional dalam pemanfaatan teknologi untuk dapat tetap eksis di dalam menghadapi tuntutan era global. Berbagai perkembangan tek-nologi sudah selayaknya dapat dimanfaatkan guna meningkatkan kompetensi di bidang akuntansi. Di-perlukan kompentensi  lebih berupa kemampuan mengkombinasikan perkembangan teknologi dengan bidang ilmu akuntansi guna memecahkan berbagai kasus akuntansi di dunia kerja. Penelitian ini meru-pakan kelanjutan penelitian sebelumnya yang sudah menghasilkan model komputerisasi  siklus akun-tansi berbasis Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan perang-kat pembelajaran Instructional Development Model (ID Model). Tahap kegiatan dari model ini diba-gi menjadi: Determinasi Masalah (Problem Determination), Desain (Design) dan Pengembangan (Development) dan Implementasi (Implementation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pro-duk penelitian dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai wadah pembelajaran bagi mahasiswa untuk mengulas se-cara mendalam pemahaman teori akuntansi, sistem akuntansi serta kemampuan di dalam memanfaat-kan kemajuan teknologi untuk menyelesaikan kasus-kasus akuntansi, (2) produk penelitian dapat di-manfaatkan sebagai alat bantu dalam interaksi pembelajaran, (3) produk penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai sumber belajar. Kata-kata Kunci: komputerisasi, problem based learning, siklus akuntansi
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKIF BIOLOGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMP
Authors: Yudasmara Gede Ari , Purnami Desi
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT: Developing Interactive Instructional Media in Biology to Improve Junior High School Students’ Achievement. This study aimed to produce interactive instructional media inter-active which is practical, and effective. This research was a research and development, which was-held in SMP Negeri 3 Bangli Kintamani to the class VIIIA in the Odd semester of the school year 2014/2015. The subjects were Biology teacher and eighth grade students of class VIIIA. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis related to aspects of practicality and effectiveness through a questionnaire and Biology achievement test. The result shows that 1) the media that was developed has fulfilled the criteria of practicality based on the average score of the response of teachers to 3.73 (categorized positive) and the students' responses 3.5 (categorized very positive) and 2) interactive instructional media of Biology has accomplished the criteria of effectiveness because it has reached the learning outcomes of the test scores of students who achieved an average of 79.04 above KKM (the minimum criteria of mastery) from previously determined 72, and the percentage of students achieving the minimum criteria of mastery is 95.83%. Keywords: instructional media, learning achievement, quality of media ABSTRAK:Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interakif Biologi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Belajar Siswa SMP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran interaktif biologi yang praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan, yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 3 Kintamani Bangli, pada kelas VIIIA semester Ganjil tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru Biologi dan siswa kelas VIIIA SMP Negeri 3 Kinta-mani. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptifyang berkaitan dengan aspek kepraktisan dan efektivitas melalui angket dan tes hasil belajar biologi siswa. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa 1) media pembelajaran yang berhasil dikembangkan telah memenuhi syarat kepraktisan ber-dasarkan rata-rata nilai respon guru 3,73 (terkategori positif) dan respon siswa 3,5 (terkategori sangat positif) dan 2) Media pembelajaran interaktif biologi ini telah memenuhi syarat keefektivan karena telah berhasil mencapai nilai tes hasil belajar siswa yang mencapai rata-rata 79,04 diatas KKM yang ditetapkan yaitu 72, dan persentase tingkat ketuntasan minimal siswa mencapai 95,83%. Kata-kataKunci: hasil belajar siswa, kualitas media, media pembelajaran
Narrativas sobre el silencio. Las voces de los docentes en la dinámica escolar de una alumna con discapacidad auditiva
Authors: Hernández Solís Soledad , García Lara Germán Alejandro , Hernández Solís Irma , Pérez Jiménez Carlos Eduardo , Cruz Pérez Oscar
Published: February 2021

En muchas culturas, las niñas y los niños con condición de discapacidad vivencian menoscabo de su dignidad: no solo tienen que luchar de forma desigual ante sus pares por su condición, sino que también tienen menos oportunidades de aprendizaje y participación en la escuela regular. Por ello, en este trabajo se profundiza en las narrativas sobre la dinámica escolar de una alumna con condición de discapacidad auditiva. Se utiliza la investigación cualitativa en un estudio de caso mediante registros de observación en diferentes situaciones de la actividad escolar de la alumna, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas a los docentes de aula regular, Educación Física, Música y del Centro de Atención Múltiple de Educación Especial. El análisis de la información posibilitó la conformación de dos bloques temáticos: “Una alumna con sordera. Lo que sabe, lo que intenta y lo que le permiten hacer”, donde se analizan las concepciones y prácticas de los docentes, y “Pertrechos y faltas en la estructuración sociocognitiva y la convivencia social”, donde se describen los recursos y carencias de la alumna. En ambos bloques, se hace especial énfasis en el proceso comunicativo. Finalmente, se encuentra que, en la práctica, el profesorado que atiende a la alumna no utiliza una comunicación adecuada ni estrategias didácticas y metodológicas para una enseñanza acorde a sus posibilidades de aprendizaje y aplican una acción didáctica indiferenciada entre ella y sus compañeros. Aunque la constitución política local expresa la necesidad de crear ambientes inclusivos para los niños sordos, al no considerar las diferencias individuales y el lenguaje de señas en la comunicación, se le excluye del entorno académico, de los juegos, la amistad y el mundo social. En este contexto, es indispensable reconocer el derecho a una educación en donde se garantice la enseñanza en la lengua de señas mexicana y unidades de apoyo en la escuela regular para este tipo de alumnos.
Effect of MWCNT on surface roughness and burr height in MQL milling of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel
Authors:   Yildiz Technical University, Uysal Alper , Dzhemilov Eshreb ,   Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University named after Fevzi Yakubov, Dzhemalyadinov Ruslan ,   Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University named after Fevzi Yakubov
Published: February 2021

Stainless steel materials have been used in many fields such as automotive, aviation, medical industries, etc. In addition, these materials are classified as difficult-to-cut materials due to low thermal conductivity and work-hardening tendency. Therefore, studies on machining of these materials have been performed in order to understand the basic of the process. In this study, surface roughness and burr height were investigated in MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubrication) milling of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel. In MQL milling, commercial vegetable cutting fluid and MWCNT (Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube) reinforced vegetable cutting fluid were used. The milling experiments were also conducted under dry condition. In the experiments, uncoated WC (Tungsten Carbide) and TiN (Titanium Nitride) coated WC cutting inserts were used. Based on the experimental results, MQL method reduced the surface roughness and burr heights and better surfaces were obtained by using nanofluids in MQL method.
Study of the processing of small diagnostic creations on a fluid sourcing by spiral survivals
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Karpyk Roman , Kostiuk Nazar ,   Khmelnytsky National University
Published: February 2021

The article considers the features of the drilling process where there is a change in temperature, hole diameter, and displacement relative to the axis and the impact on the tool, when machining holes with high-speed steel drills there is wear of the transverse edge which is completely rounded to create a conical surface. There is a decrease in the negative value of the front corners on the transverse edge of the decrease in axial force, which led to a decrease in the intensity of wear of the transverse edge. In order of increasing axial force, respectively, and the intensity of wear of the transverse edge, were sharpened and recommended sharpening methods that provide high performance of the drill, the greatest stability, increased drilling accuracy, as well as the lowest cutting force. The analysis of influence of technological methods and ways and equipment on accuracy and quality of deep openings of small diameter is carried out. The effects of the method of lubricating coolant supply on the tool stability and processing productivity are investigated. The analysis of processing on the metal-cutting equipment with constructive development of the device is executed. Also, the stress-strain state of the drilling process by the finite element method with the analysis of external influences on the twist drill is carried out. The results of the research substantiate and recommend technological methods that reduce the deformation of the tool and, as a consequence, increase the quality and accuracy of the dimensions of deep holes of small diameter.
The influence of measurement error on the risks of the consumer and the manufacturer when completing connections
Authors:   Ukrainian Engineering Pedagogics Academy, Kupriyanov Oleksandr
Published: February 2021

The influence of the measuring device error on the consumer’s and manufacturer’s risks was studied for three cases of the organization of completing: complete interchangeability, selective completing and completing with ranking. The presence of measurement error does not allow to avoid risks; however, their values must be estimated so that they do not have a significant impact on manufactured products. The study was carried out for a “shaft-hole” connection by statistical modeling, the laws of dimension distribution were accepted as normal, as well as the laws of distribution of measurement errors. For the case of completing with complete interchangeability, the accuracy of two-stage control was studied; it is recommended to establish the accuracy of the initial measurements at 20–25 % of the tolerance field, repeated measurements at 10–12 % of the tolerance field, while the manufacturer’s risk does not exceed 0.2 %, the consumer’s risk is practically zero. In the case of selective completing, the requirements for the accuracy of the measuring device are significantly higher than in the case of completing with complete interchangeability, since errors are possible not only at the limits of the tolerance field but also at the limits of the selection groups. Therefore, the measurement error should not exceed 5 % of the tolerance field width; it is also advisable to limit the number of selection groups. When completing with ranking, the accuracy of the measuring device has the least impact on risks, especially if the number of parts in the batch is large enough and the measurement error complies with the standards in mechanical engineering. It was established that for the number of sets greater than 10, almost complete assemblability is achieved and the risks associated with the measurement error become insignificant. Thus, if it is necessary to increase the accuracy of products at the assembly stage, it is recommended to use completing with ranking instead of selective completing.
Study of the influence of the addition of an exothermic mixture and the ratio of the components of the exothermic mixture on the melting indices at FCAW
Authors:   Donbas State Engineering Academy, Trembach Bohdan ,   Private Joint Stock Company “Novokramatorsky Mashinostroitelny Zavod”, Grin Aleksandr ,   Donbas State Engineering Academy, Trembach Illia ,   Private Joint Stock Company “Novokramatorsky Mashinostroitelny Zavod”
Published: February 2021

An important issue in the processes of strengthening and restoration of surfaces exposed to abrasive, abrasive-corrosive and hydroabrasive wear, using the process of self-protective flux-cored arc welding (FCAW), is to increase the productivity of hardfacing and the quality of the hardfacing metal. The literature review showed that one of the ways to increase the productivity of hardfacing and improve the quality of the hardfaced metal is to add an exothermic mixture to the core filler of flux-cored wire electrode. The effect of composition of filler core during FCAW on the fusion parameters, namely the addition of exothermic mixture (TM), the ratio of exothermic mixture components (CuO/Al), and the ratio of exothermic mixture oxidant to carbon content in the core composition (CuO/C) has been studied. It has been found that the optimum areas for the deposition rate (Gd), deposition factor (ad) and spattering factor (ψs) are observed for the following values of the core components: TM = 25…39, CuO/C = 5…6, CuO/Al = 3…4.
Design and operational peculiarities of four-degree-of-freedom double-legged robot with pneumatic drive and turning mechanism
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Korendiy Vitaliy , Zinko Roman ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lozynskyy Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Havrylchenko Oleksandr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2021

Problem statement. Mobile robots are of significant interest among scientists and designers during the last several decades. One of the prospective drives of such robots is based on pneumatically operated walking (stepping) system with no use of electric, heat, magnetic or other types of energy. This allows the use of pneumatically-driven robots in the cases when the use of other energy sources is prohibited (e.g., in some gaseous or fluid mediums). At the same time, the walking (stepping) type of moving increases the manoeuvrability and cross-country capability of the mobile robot, and decreases the harmful effect of its interaction with the supporting surface (e.g., the fertile soil surface) in comparison with wheeled or caterpillar drives. Purpose. The main purpose of this research consists in substantiation of structure and parameters of pneumatic system of four-degree-of-freedom mobile robot with orthogonal walking drive and turning mechanism. Methodology. The research is carried out using the basic laws and principles of mechanics, pneumatics and automation. The numerical experiment is conducted in MathCAD software; the computer simulation of the robot’s motion is performed using SolidWorks software; the modelling of the pneumatic system operation is carried out in Festo FluidSim Pneumatic software. Findings (results) and originality (novelty). The improved structure of the mobile robot with orthogonal walking drive and turning mechanism is proposed. The pneumatically operated system ensuring the robot’s curvilinear motion is substantiated. Practical value. The proposed design of walking robot can be used while designing industrial (production) prototypes of mobile robotic systems for performing various activities in the environments that are not suitable for using electric power or other types of energy sources. Scopes of further investigations. While carrying out further investigations, it is necessary to design the devices for changing motion speed of the robot and the height of lifting of its feet.
Failure analysis of a motor vehicle suspension helical spring
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bohun Lidia , Pleshakov Eduard ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Shvachko Sergiy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this work is to reveal the cause of the failure of the motor vehicle rear suspension barrel-shaped spring with the progressive elasticity characteristic and predict measures to increase the lifetime of springs of this type. The fracture of the spring occurred on the middle coil, which operates under conditions of more severe stress in comparison with other coils. The chemical composition of the spring material, determined by X-ray fluorescence spectral and microstructural analyzes, corresponded to chromium-silicon steel 54SiCr6. In terms of structure and mechanical properties, the spring material met the standards. No traces of decarburization were detected, and no crack initiation, caused by non-metallic inclusions, was found in the material of the fractured spring. Macroscopic examination of the spring surface did not reveal any cracks, scratches, dents, traces of blows with stones and marks of spring coiling tool. Instead, extensive areas of exfoliation of the protective coating were found. The metallographic analysis revealed selective corrosion in the form of pitting damage in places of exfoliation of the protective coating. The fatigue crack propagates from the certain deep pit with the reorientation of the crack plane along the spiral surface to the central axis of the coil wire. After depletion of the safety margin, the spring broke down quickly. The fast fracture zone contains steps of the river pattern formed due to the spiral reorientation of the fracture surface. The research can be used to understand the importance of adhesive strength and wear resistance of protective coatings on the spring surface. Their local exfoliation causes subsequent corrosion damage to the spring, which stimulates its fatigue fracture.
On the issue of improving the efficiency of power systems and substantiation of reactive power compensation in electric networks
Authors: Sultanov M. M. , Strizhichenko A. V. , Boldyrev I. A. , Zhelyaskova O. I. , Voloshin E. A. , Rogozinnikov E. I.
Published: February 2021

Reactive power in the power system negatively affects the operating mode of the electric network, additionally loading high-voltage lines and transformers, which leads to an increase in power losses, as well as to an increase in voltage drops. The influence of active and reactive power components of voltage in the network nodes is different and is overwhelmingly determined by the ratio of active and reactive components of the resistance elements of the electric system. In high-voltage networks, the reactive component of the resistance significantly exceeds the active component, and therefore the flow of reactive current through the network leads to a greater voltage drop than the flow of the active component of the current. The transfer of reactive power can lead to exceeding the normalized voltage range in the load nodes. To reduce power losses and voltage drop in the elements of the electric network, synchronous compensators (SC), static capacitor banks (SCB), static thyristor compensators (STC), controlled shunt reactors (CSR) can be used. The cost of production and transmission of active and reactive power are different, and when choosing the power of reactive power compensation means, it is necessary to take into account the costs and compare them with the resulting effect, which differs for large and small values of reactive power when this is reduced by the same amount. To assess the feasibility of application of compensatory devices, and to choose their type and locations of installation, relevant calculations are required. An empirical criterion is proposed for preliminary assessment of the technical feasibility of reactive power compensation. It enables to identify the network sections and nodes, which require reactive power compensation and should be considered in greater detail.
Pengembangan Modul Mitigasi Bencana Alam Berbasis Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic untuk Pembelajaran Peserta Didik Jenjang SMA
Authors: Ulfa Zakiah , Rajibussalim* Rajibussalim , Alvisyahrin Teuku
Published: February 2021

Knowledge of natural disasters is a science that everyone should have. This led the government to take policy by incorporating disaster mitigation materials into the school learning curriculum.  Natural disaster mitigation modules based on science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) are considered to support learning that can encourage students to be active, creative, innovative in doing group work and completing experimental projects that can solve real problems because it contains STEM-based worksheets to help students to understand the material more quickly. The purpose of this study was to determine the process of developing a STEM-based natural disaster mitigation learning module and the learning outcomes of class XI SMA / MA students in the city of Banda Aceh. The research method used in this research is research and development with a development model of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE). In this study, several data collection was carried out starting with the needs analysis data, STEM based module validation data, response data, and student learning outcomes. The validation of module evaluation used Aiken's V test. T-test results for the experimental class showed a significant difference in the student learning outcomes of SMA/ MA in Banda Aceh after learning natural disaster mitigation using STEM-based modules.
Implementasi Modul Kimia Pangan Melalui Pendekatan Etnokimia di SMK Negeri Aceh Timur Program Keahlian Tata Boga
Authors: Jofrishal* Jofrishal , Seprianto Seprianto
Published: February 2021

Implementation of learning modules is part of the development proses of ethnochemistry based modules. This study aims to find out the effect of the implementation of ethnochemical-based food chemistry modules on students through analysis of student understanding of integrated chemistry concepts, analysis of the effectiveness of learning processes in the classroom, and the level of understanding and awareness of ethnochemistry and the scientific process. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a comparative approach using an experimental method with a control group. The sample determination was done by random sampling technique taken at one of the Vocational Schools in East Aceh on Food Expertise Program. Data collection is done through evaluating student learning outcomes using multiple choice questions, measuring learning effectiveness and understanding of ethnochemistry using observation sheets and structured interview sheets. The research results obtained student learning outcomes in the experimental class were on average higher than the control class, even though the results of statistical using t test did not show a significant difference. The score of the observation result of learning effectiveness in the experimental class is higher than the control class that is equal to 89,532 with very good criteria. Measurement of students' understanding of ethnochemistry after the application of the module obtained an increase of 40 points compared to before the application of the module. This shows an increase in students' understanding and awareness of ethnochemistry and the scientific process that take place in it and can strengthen the justification that learning modules with ethnochemical approaches are very well applied as teaching material.
Integrasi Low Carbon Education Dalam Kurikulum Pendidikan Calon Guru IPA di Indonesia sebagai Upaya Revitalisasi Peran Pendidikan IPA dalam Merespons Tantangan Ekologis di Masa Depan
Authors: Amin* Muhammad Syahruddin , Permanasari Anna , Hamidah Ida
Published: February 2021

Global warming and climate change is the main environmental problems globally. The triggers of this problem is the consumptive behavior and wasteful energy in the community which causes the CO2 emission increase continually. To solve those problem, the environmental education should conducted optimally by intimidated the low carbon education. The purposed of this study was to give an overview establishment of the environmental education curriculum and the load amount of the low carbon education at science education study program. This descriptive study uses the literature analysis method with comparative approach. The documents analysis was the syllabus of environmental courses in four science education study program in Indonesia. Quantitatively showed that the environmental education at science education study program was very minimal, it was only 1 to 2 subjects which consist of 2 to 5 credits, or it is around 1,37%-3,42% from the total term that must be learned. Qualitatively showed that most of the materials on the environmental education subject was very general and basic. The low carbon education materials related to current environmental conditions such as the greenhouse gas, CO2 emission, global warming, green energy, climate change, including green technology was thought very minimal. It can be concluded that environmental lectures in science education study program are currently very minimal teaching about the substance of low carbon education, so it must be reproduced and used as a core content of the environmental materials taught.
Model Quantum Teaching Tipe Tandur Terhadap Keterampilan Kolaborasi Mahasiswa
Authors: Maielfi* Dini , Wahyuni Sisri
Published: February 2021

One type of 21st-century skills that needs to be developed is collaboration skills. There were many problems found in the observation. They were student collaboration skills that were lacking in the ability to discuss well, agree with each other; carry out roles, responsibilities and work productively in groups; and there needs to be mutual respect in the lecture process. Efforts to apply and familiarize 21st-century skills, especially in collaboration skills, this research uses the Tandur type of quantum teaching-learning model. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of the Tandur type of quantum teaching model on the collaboration skills of STKIP Adzkia students in learning basic science concepts. The type of research used is quasi-experimental research. This research was given different treatment to the two sample classes. This research design is classified as a randomized control group-only design. The results showed that the data were not normally distributed and homogeneous, so the Mann Whitney test was carried out and the probability value was 0.05 with an asymsig value (2 tails) of 0.475, so H0 was accepted. This research concludes that there is no significant effect of the quantum teaching model of the Tandur type on the collaboration skills of STKIP Adzkia students in learning basic science concepts.
Editorial
Authors: F. M. da Silva Lucas , M. Ferreira António
Published: February 2021

This special issue of University of Porto Journal of Engineering contains selected papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Science and Technology Education STE 2020, held at Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Portugal, during 15-16 October 2020.
This conference is held every year. The conference is co-chaired by António Ferreira (University of Porto, Portugal), Lucas F. M. da Silva (University of Porto, Portugal) and Claudio R. Brito (COPEC, Brazil). The goal of the conference is to provide an international forum for the sharing, dissemination and discussion of research, experience and perspectives across a wide range of teaching and learning issues. About 50 papers were presented by researchers from nearly 20 countries.
In order to disseminate the work presented at STE 2020, selected papers were prepared which resulted in the present special issue. Various topics are covered resulting in seven papers dealing with learning mechanisms (first three papers), learning systems (following three papers) and diversity and inclusiveness (last paper). The papers presented here are good examples of the latest trends related to science and technology education.
The editors wish to thank all the authors for their participation and cooperation, which made this volume possible. Finally, they would like to thank the team of FEUP library, especially Luís Miguel Costa, for the excellent cooperation during the preparation of this issue.
Reformulation of the Integrated Master in Mechanical Engineering (MIEM) at FEUP in Two Cycles of Studies (Bachelor and Master)
Authors: Da Silva Lucas , Seabra Jorge , Lopes António
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the reformulation of the Integrated Master in Mechanical Engineering (MIEM) at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP) in two independent degrees (bachelor and master). The design of the new cycles of studies, triggered by decision of the Portuguese Government, followed the FEUP’s guidelines and led to a solution close to the one adopted by the existing integrated master. Therefore, the well-known “FEUP Mechanical Engineering product” is maintained, in general, since it is widely accepted in the job market, and improved by correcting some MIEM’s shortcomings. The bachelor is a non-professional degree of preparation to the master. It is clearly distinct from the cycles of studies thought at the polytechnic institutions, providing a broader scientific background, and not including design skills and dissertation. The master is a demanding degree, with innovative content and incorporating the value added by the excellence of the scientific research carried out at the Department of Mechanical Engineering. It is aligned with the needs of the industry, being different from other master degrees in the same area offered in Portugal, and designed to attract students from abroad. A SWOT analysis performed both for the bachelor and the master shows the potential of the two new cycles of studies.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ДОСТОВІРНОСТІ НОРМУВАННЯ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ РОБІТ
Authors: Menejljuk Aleksandr , Nikiforov Aleksey
Published: February 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження. Є висока необхідність наявності ринково обґрунтованих показників вартості та тривалості виконання будівельних робіт. Вивчені нормативні документи мають суттєві недоліки, зокрема високу трудомісткість методів, що рекомендуються, та відсутність статистичного обґрунтування точності досліджень з нормування. Розробка методу з усуненням зазначених недоліків є ефективною із соціального, економічного та технічного погляду. Постановка проблеми. В умовах ринкової економіки стає недоцільним централізоване нормування витрат праці державними установами, тому будь-яке підприємство в Україні є зацікавленим у методі нормування, який би
мав низьку трудомісткість використання, високу адаптивність до організаційних умов будівництва та достатню для інженерних та економічних розрахунків точність. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті чинні нормативні документи зі встановлення норм праці, проаналізовані відомі методи нормування. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Актуальним є розробка методу нормування, що був би менш трудомістким, більш точним та статистично обґрунтованим. Цього можливо досягти за рахунок комбінування сумарних та дослідницьких методів нормування із використанням методів математичної статистики. Постановка завдання. Розробка методики нормування витрат праці будівельних робіт на основі найбільш ефективних методів, точність та кількість натурних дослідів якої обґрунтована статистичними методами. Виклад основного матеріалу. Багатокритеріальний аналіз методів нормування дає змогу на основі інформаційних джерел вибрати найбільш ефективний метод, у тому числі за допомогою ранжування важливості показників. Запропонована методика, що являє собою комбінацію сумарних і дослідницьких методів зі статистичним обґрунтуванням кількості натурних досліджень трудомісткості. Висновки відповідно до статті. Запропонована методика дозволяє обґрунтувати точність, знизити трудовитрати розробки норм праці.
Sexual and reproductive health survey in the time of COVID-19 – Latvia, 2020
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Lazdane Gunta , Rezeberga Dace , Briedite Ieva , Kantane Inara , Pumpure Elizabete , Pitkevica Ieva , Mihailova Darja , Gravina Marta Laura
Published: February 2021

The results of the anonymous online survey of people living in Latvia age 18 and over, using internationally (I-SHARE) and nationally validated questionnaire. Data include following variables: Selection, socio-demographics, social distancing measures, couple and family relationships, sexual behavior, access to condoms and contraceptives, access to reproductive health services, antenatal care, pregnancy and maternal and child health, abortion, sexual and gender-based violence, HIV/STI, mental health, and nutrition. (2021-02-08)
Efeito da elaboração de mapas conceituais na acurácia diagnóstica de estudantes de medicina
Authors: Abreu Gláucia Cadar de Freitas , Moura Alexandre Sampaio , Moura Eliane Perlatto
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da elaboração de mapas conceituais, baseados na fisiopatologia de doenças, sobre a acurácia diagnóstica de estudantes de medicina. Métodos: Estudo experimental com estudantes do 4º ano de curso de medicina em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Participaram do estudo 46 alunos, divididos em dois grupos: mapa conceitual (GM) (n=24) e controle (GC) (n=22). Na fase de treinamento (fase 1), os alunos resolveram 6 casos clínicos, correspondentes a duas síndromes clínicas. Alunos do GM confeccionaram mapa conceitual e apontaram um diagnóstico final e dois diferenciais. Alunos do GC realizaram atividade distratora. A fase de avaliação (fase 2) foi conduzida uma semana após o treinamento e os participantes foram orientados a listar o diagnóstico mais provável de outros 8 casos clínicos, sem orientação específica. Resultados: Houve uma redução no desempenho dos alunos de ambos os grupos, comparando-se a fase 2 com a fase 1 (60,8±18,3 para 44,8±17,7 (GM); 62,5±25,3 para 44,4±17,9 (GC); p = 0,032). Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o uso do mapa conceitual e o desempenho dos alunos em nenhuma das duas fases p=0,577). Conclusão: Não se observou associação entre a elaboração do mapa conceitual orientada para mecanismos fisiopatológicos e acurácia diagnóstica em estudantes de medicina.
Os avanços da odontologia minimamente invasiva nos dias atuais
Authors: Neto José Milton de Aquino e Silva , Agra Ludimila Azevedo Costa , Luz Mariana Cavalcanti Marques , Souza Sysllânia Vitória Pôrto , Dos Santos Jhulliana Vitorio , De Mendonça Izabel Cristina Gomes
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão narrativa sobre os recursos terapêuticos para tratamento das lesões dentárias, provocadas pelas cáries, empregando técnicas minimamente invasivas. Revisão bibliográfica: Nos dias atuais a utilização de técnicas que visam as condutas de mínima invasão, nos inúmeros âmbitos que envolvem a área da saúde, vem progredindo constantemente. Quando se relaciona as técnicas utilizadas de maneira minimamente invasiva pelos Cirurgiões Dentistas constata-se que essas condutas vêm progredindo gradualmente, procurando em todo o tempo levar em consideração os processos biológicos inerentes aos tecidos que envolvem os dentes, implicando, dessa forma, na constatação de que os materiais utilizados para a restauração possuem características biológicas inferiores aos tecidos naturais presentes nos elementos dentários. Com o aperfeiçoamento das técnicas e materiais adesivos, observou-se uma postura diferenciada dos profissionais, principalmente os mais jovens, que desenvolveram uma mentalidade mais consciente quanto à manutenção destas estruturas no decorrer das técnicas restauradoras. Considerações finais: A Odontologia Minimamente Invasiva tem demostrado efetividade nos tratamentos estabelecidos, deixando claro que o melhoramento dos materiais restauradores, que possuem atribuições para agirem com características adesivas, é de bastante relevância na forma da conduta clínica estabelecida pelo profissional.
The psychological impact on infertile women – A review
Authors: Thapa Namrata , Verma Sonali , Chander Gresh , Bhat Amrita , Raina Deepika Bushan , Kachroo Shrutika , Kumar Rakesh , Shah Ruchi
Published: February 2021

Infertility is an inability to get pregnant after 1 year of trying. Infertility is a serious condition which not only affects the physical health of a woman but also influences a woman psychologically. Infertility in females is growing rapidly throughout the world. It is the fifth most serious disability in the world. The woman’s inability to get pregnant leads to many psychological problems such as sadness, anger, depression, anxiety, loss of social status, lack of self-esteem, and poor quality of life. There is a tremendous increase in infertility and its treatment which actually highlights the psychological aspect of infertility. It is the growing problem affecting 10–15% of couples of reproductive ages from all the cultures and societies in the world. Patients with infertility reports elevated levels of anxiety and depression, so it is very clear that infertility causes psychological problems. It is a common problem affecting one in four. About 48.5 million couples experience infertility worldwide. According to the Indian Society of Assisted Reproduction, infertility affects about 10–14% of the Indian population. Approximately 27.5 million couples who are actually trying to conceive suffer from infertility in India. The prevalence of infertility is 15% in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and 15.7% alone in Kashmir region. The knowledge and understanding of infertility are also very low. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first documented study from Jammu and Kashmir correlating psychological stress and infertility among women. The main aim of the current review is to check the correlation of infertility and its psychological impact, that is, stress, depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem on women.
LigTMap: Ligand and Structure-Based Target Identification and Activity Prediction for Small Molecular Compounds
Authors: Shaikh Faraz , Tai Hio Kuan , Desai Nirali , Siu Shirley
Published: February 2021

Motivation: Target prediction is a crucial step in modern drug discovery. However, existing experimental approaches to target prediction are time-consuming and costly. Results: The LigTMap server provides a fully automated workflow to identify targets from 17 target classes with >6000 proteins. It is a hybrid approach, combining ligand similarity search with docking and binding similarity analysis, to predict putative targets. In the validation experiment, LigTMap achieved a top-10 success rate of almost 70%, with an average precision rate of 0.34. The class-specific prediction method improved the success rate further with enhanced precision. In an independent benchmarking test, LigTMap showed good performance compared to the currently best target prediction servers. LigTMap provides straightaway the PDB of a predicted target and the optimal ligand binding mode, which could facilitate structure-based drug design and the repurposing of existing drugs.
A Pipeline for Making 31P NMR Accessible for Small- and Large-Scale Lipidomics Studies
Authors: Furse Samuel , Williams Huw , Watkins Adam , Virtue Samuel , Vidal-Puig Antonio , Charalambous Marika , Koulman Albert
Published: February 2021

Detailed molecular analysis is of increasing importance in research into the regulation of biochemical pathways, organismal growth and disease. Lipidomics in particular is increasingly sought after as it provides insight into molecular species involved in energy storage, signalling and fundamental cellular structures. This has led to the use of a range of tools and techniques to acquire lipidomics data. 31P NMR for lipidomics offers well-resolved head group/lipid class analysis, structural data that can be used to inform and strengthen interpretation of mass spectrometry data and part of structural determination a priori. In the present study, we codify the use of 31P NMR for lipidomics to make the technique more accessible to new users and more useful for a wider range of studies. We describe the process from sample extraction to data processing and analysis. This pipeline is important because it allows greater thoroughness in lipidomics studies and increases scope for answering scientific questions about lipid systems.
Iron-Catalyzed Halogen Exchange of Trifluoromethyl Arenes
Authors: Dorian Andreas , Landgreen Emily , Petras Hayley , Shepherd James , Williams Florence
Published: February 2021

We report the facile production of ArCF2X and ArCX3 from ArCF3 using catalytic iron(III)halides, which constitutes the first iron-catalyzed halogen exchange for non-aromatic CF bonds. Theoretical calculations suggest direct activation of C–F bonds by iron coordination. ArCX3 and ArCF2X products of the reaction are synthetically valuable due to their diversification potential. In particular, bromo-, chloro-, and iododifluoromethyl arenes (ArCF2Br, ArCF2Cl, ArCF2I, respectively) provide access to a myriad of difluoromethyl arene derivatives (ArCF2R). To optimize for mono-halogen exchange, a statistical method called Design of Experiments was used. Optimized parameters were successfully applied to electron rich and electron deficient aromatic substrates, and to the late stage diversification of flufenoxuron, a commercial insecticide.
Hot Carrier Transfer in graphene/PtSe2 Heterostructure Tuned by Built-in Electric Field
Authors: Ma Qiushi , Zhang Wenjie , Wang Chunwei , Pu Ruihua , Ju Cheng-Wei , Lin Xian , Zhang Zeyu , Liu Weimin , Li Ruxin
Published: February 2021

Van der Waals heterojunction involving graphene (Gr) with transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is regard as a promising structure for their outstanding performance in optical and optoelectronic response. The electron-hole thermalization has been deemed to be the main reason for the sub-bandgap-excitation charge transfer from Gr to TMDs. However, the role of the intricate interlayer interaction of the Gr and the TMDs still require intensive investigation. Here, we have investigated the photocarrier dynamics in 5-layer PtSe2/Gr heterojunction by using time-resolved optical pump and terahertz probe spectroscopy. Interestingly, after photoexcitation, electron transfer from PtSe2 to Gr in PtSe2/Gr/substrate heterojunction has been demonstrated successfully, by contrast, no observable charge transfer occurs in the Gr/PtSe2/substrate heterostructure. The prominent difference for the different stacking sequence between Gr and PtSe2 can be ascribed to the effective built-in field introduced by fused silica substrate. A physical picture accounting for built-in electric field introduced by substrate has been proposed to interpret the charge transfer process in the TMD/Gr heterostructure–the substrate built-in electric field plays a dominated role for controlling the charge transfer pathway in the TMDs/Gr heterojunction. This study not only shed the light to the substrate engineering but also provide a new insight into the dynamic in Gr/TMDs heterojunction, which provides a new method to optimize the performance of photodetection.
Quantitative Stability Indicating Bio-analytical Method Development and Validation of Apalutamide - Apalutamide D3 By Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography in Human Plasma
Authors: China Babu D  , Madhusudhana Chetty C  , Mastanamma SK
Published: February 2021

A simple, convenient, specific, precise and highly conventional stability-indicating ultra-performance liquid chromatographic‑ diode array method was developed for the quantification of Apalutamide in human plasma. The Phenomenex Luna (100x4.6x5µ) column was used for apalutamide separation. The mobile phase was composed with 5 mM ammonium fumarate and acetonitrile in the ratio of 15:85 v/v, and buffer pH 3.5 was adjusted with glacial acetic acid and detected at 345 nm. The Apalutamide‑D3 used as internal standard and K2‑EDTA used as a coagulant. The liquid-liquid extraction process used for extraction of drug from human plasma with tert butyl methyl ether. The retention times of Apalutamide and Apalutamide D3 (ISTD) was 1.48 min & 1.97 min, respectively. The assay of the method was validated in human plasma in the concentration range from 307.26-200013.87 pg/ml with the accuracy and precision ranging from 3.86 to 4.87. Recovery studies were found to be 103.79%, 90.93% & 96.83% for HQC, MQC and LQC respectively. The stability of the drug was evaluated in human plasma with different conditions of the auto-sampler, freeze-thaw, bench top, short term and long term stability studies were performed. The method was proved as highly sensitive and selective for the quantification of Apalutamide and determined at the picogram level. There was no matrix effect observed and proved as a stability-indicating method.