bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On cyclic codes over finite chain rings
Authors: Monika  , Dutt Sucheta , Sehmi Ranjeet
Published: July 2021

Recent studies involve various approaches to establish a generating set for cyclic codes of arbitrary length over the class of Galois rings. One such approach involves the use of polynomials with minimal degree corresponding to specific subsets of the code, defined progressively. In this paper, we extend this approach to obtain a set of generators of cyclic codes over finite chain rings. Further, we observe that this set acts as a minimal strong Gröbner basis(MSGB) for the code.
Porous medium convection in a chemically reacting ferrofluid with lower boundary subjected to constant heat flux
Authors: Thomas Nisha Mary , Maruthamanikandan S
Published: July 2021

The effect of exothermic chemical reaction of zero-order on Bénard-Darcy ferroconvection is investigated using the technique of small perturbation. The eigenvalues associated with an adiabatic lower wall are determined by employing the Galerkin method. The Darcy-Rayleigh number is computed in terms of the parameters pertaining to chemical reaction and ferromagnetic fluid. It is established that, when chemical reaction escalates, there is a considerable shift from linearity and occurrence of asymmetry in the basic temperature profiles. It is ascertained that the threshold of Bénard-Darcy ferroconvection is augmented through the stresses of both mechanisms due to chemical reaction and magnetization, and the ferroconvective instability due to nonlinearity of magnetization is rather inconsequential when chemical reaction is present. It is also shown that the destabilizing feature of magnetic forces resulting from the fluid magnetization is less pronounced when chemical reaction is present.
Hyperstar Decomposition of r-partite complete, Knodel and Fibonacci Hypergraphs
Authors: Reji Kumar K , Mathew Jasmine
Published: July 2021

A graph is a representation of a relation between a pair of objects in a set called vertex set. A relation is a set of two-element subsets of the vertex set, called edge set. If the restriction of the two-element subset is relaxed to any number, the corresponding representation is a hypergraph. An r-uniform hypergraph is a Steiner system, in which every pair of nodes is contained in exactly a single edge. Knodel graphs, Fibonacci graphs, and r-partite complete graphs are structures with optimal communication properties. Knodel hypergraph and Fibonacci hypergraph are introduced. Partitioning of the edge set leads to the decomposition of a given graph into sub-structures. If all such sub-structures are isomorphic, the decomposition is an isomorphic decomposition. The isomorphic decomposition of an r-partite hypergraph, Knodel hypergraph, and Fibonacci hypergraph into hyperstars are presented.
Nipah outbreak in Kerala – A network-based study
Authors: Reji Kumar K
Published: July 2021

Nipah virus spreads from human to human at a fast pace by contact. It has been realized that very close contact for a long period or direct exposure to excretions of diseased can cause the spread of the virus from one person to another. So avoiding contact with infected is very crucial in the control and eradication of the disease. Getting information about infection in the early stage is an important factor in the planning of isolation of infected and suspected. The contact pattern of humans in society makes a network of individuals. Dynamics of social networks have become a focal point in the mathematical study of the spread of disease in recent years. In normal situations, an individual comes in contact with others due to many reasons. We have contact with our family members, relatives, and friends. We come in contact with others by chance when we are in public places. In the paper, we analyze the recent Nipah outbreak in Kerala and explain the dynamics based on social network analysis. The paper aims to bring into light the importance of a network-based analysis of the infected immediately after the outbreak of the disease. The contact pattern must be closely analyzed to decide who should be quarantined and observed.
A Labeling ‘Sum Modulo Three’ with Verification and an Application
Authors: Shendra Shainy V. , Margaret Joan Jebarani G. , Balaji V.
Published: July 2021

A new labeling named ‘Sum Modulo Three’ (SMT) is introduced and its verifications on a general single star and general two star are provided. Also an application using the labeling on a general two star is presented.
Oscillatory porous medium ferroconvection with Maxwell-Cattaneo law of heat conduction
Authors: Mathew Soya , Maruthamanikandan S.
Published: July 2021

The scheme of small perturbation is used to address the problem of buoyancy driven convection of Darcy-Brinkman type in a ferromagnetic fluid invoking the Maxwell-Cattaneo law. An analytical solution of the eigenvalue problem involved, encompassing stationary and overstable modes, is obtained by adopting simplified boundary conditions. The mathematical application package MATHEMATICA is adopted to determine the eigenvalue expressions and the critical numbers. It is established that the threshold of Darcy-Brinkman ferroconvection is amplified through the stresses of magnetic and second sound mechanisms and the opposite influence is found to be true due to the presence of porous medium. It is delineated that both the critical frequency of oscillations and aspect ratio of cells of convective heat transfer are susceptible to the different parameters of the study. It is also shown that, as long as the Cattaneo and Prandtl numbers are pretty high, the oscillatory mode of instability is preferred to the stationary mode of ferroconvection.
Preparation of CuO1-x-Mnx (x= 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) and MATLAB modelling for sustainable energy harvesting applications
Authors: Udhaya Sankar G. , Yuvakkumar R. , Ravi G. , RajKumar G. , Ganesa Moorthy C.
Published: July 2021

A different Mnx(x= 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) doped on CuO1-x has been successfully synthesised by a co-precipitation method by maintaining a pH-12. The nature of Mn doped CuO nanoparticles has been characterized with the help of X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The Mn in the lattice sites of CuO gives the monoclinic crystal structure with C2/c space group which has been confirmed through JCPDS card no: 05-0661. The morphology variations with Mnx doping have been examined with the help of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, band properties have also been noticed via Ultraviolet-Visible (UV) Spectroscopy. The band gap of material has been calculated as 2.39 eV, 1.96 eV and 2.25 eV for energy harvesting modelling through MATLAB with temperature difference behaviour of material. The thermodynamic modelling has been used for energy harvesting application with the help of MATLAB and the Seebeck coefficient has been calculated for thermoelectric modelling of CuO-Mnx.
A Trust-Based Security Model to Detect Misbehaving Nodes in Internet of Things (IoT) Environment using Logistic Regression
Authors: Prathapchandran K , Janani T
Published: July 2021

Ensuring authentication in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment is a crucial task because of its unique characteristics which include sensing, intelligence, large scale, selfconfiguring, connectivity, heterogeneity, open and dynamic environment. Besides, every object in the IoT environment should trust other devices with no recommendation or prior knowledge for any network operations. Hence, those characteristics and blindness in communication make security violations in the form of various attacks. Therefore, a trustbased solution is necessary for ensuring security in the IoT environment. Trust is considered as a computational measure represented through a relationship between trustor and trustee, explained in a particular context valued through trust metrics and evaluated by a trust mechanism. The proposed logistic regression-based trust model provides an efficient way to identify and isolate the misbehaving nodes in the RPL (Routing Protocol for Low Power Lossy Networks) based IoT network. It is one of the popularly used routing protocols in IoT, that builds a path especially for the constrained nodes in IoT environments. However, it is vulnerable to many attacks. The proposed model classifies and predicts the node’s behavior (trusted or malicious). This model uses the logistic regression model to predict the node’s behavior based on the integrated trust value which is computed from the direct trust, reputation score, and experience trust. It is primarily designed to address the black hole attack in the IoT environment. The mathematical analysis shows the possibility of the proposed work and the simulation results show the proposed model is better than the existing similar work.
A study on f - derivations and composition on BH-algebras
Authors: Ganesan P. , Kandaraj N.
Published: July 2021

Motivated by some results on derivations on rings and the generalizations of BCK and BCI-algebras, in 2019, P. Ganesan and N. Kandaraj introduced the notion of derivations on BH - algebras. In this paper, we study the notion of Composition of f - derivations on BH – algebras and investigate simple, interesting and elegant results.
EXPLORING AT MOST TWIN OUTER PERFECT DOMINATION NUMBER FOR GENERAL BINARY TREE AND SOME SPECIAL GRAPHS
Authors: Mahadevan G. , Iravithul Basira A. , Vimala Suganthi M.
Published: July 2021

A set S⊆ V(G) said to be an at most twin outer perfect dominating set if for every vertex v∈V-S, l⩽|N(v)∩S|⩽2 and < V-S> has at least one perfect matching. The minimum cardinality of at most twin outer perfect dominating set is called the at most twin outer perfect domination number and γ

atop
(G) denotes this number. This was initiated by G.Mahadevan.et.al., recently. Here we find this number for general Binary-tree. corona product of paths and cycles and lotus inside graph.
Analysis of MHD pulsatile flow of Jeffrey fluid in a diseased inclined tapered porous artery exposed to an inclined magnetic field
Authors: Padma R. , Tamil Selvi R. , Ponalagusamy R.
Published: July 2021

In this analysis, a theoretical model is proposed to examine the collective effect of slip velocity, magnetic field, and inclination angles on an unsteady non-Newtonian particulate suspension flow in an inclined diseased tapered tube with a porous medium by applying an external inclined magnetic field. By deploying integral transform methods, analytical expressions are obtained for the flow characteristics such as velocity profiles of fluid and particles, wall shear stress, flow rate, and flow resistance. With the aid of numerical computations, the significance of inclination angle, porous medium, and magnetic intensity are analyzed and illustrated graphically. Further, various physiological parameters affecting the flow characteristics are discussed which would facilitate the rheological functions of blood in the field of biology, biomedicine, and engineering sciences.
Fractional derivatives of some special functions using ABR and ABC derivatives
Authors: Prabha R. , Kiruthika S.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we present the Atangana Baleanu fractional derivatives of some special functions such as trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions. The AB fractional derivatives are calculated using the formula for RL derivatives and are calculated for all functions which belong to L
1 [a,b]. The importance of these derivatives comes from the fact that certain dissipative phenomena cannot be explained using classical fractional operators.
Study on wind flow around a pentagon plan shape tall building using CFD
Authors: Sobankumar L , Prabavathy S , Vigneshwaran R.
Published: July 2021

Multi-storey buildings are emerging because of the lack in land availability within urban areas. Mostly, tall buildings are irregular in plan and more complex to wind action. In the present scenario, it is important to study the wind structure interaction for irregular plan shape tall buildings. This paper is focused on understanding the behaviour of pentagon plan shape building under wind load at different wind incident angles 0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180°. The wind behaviour is studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and turbulence model k- is used for external flow simulation around the tall buildings. The building models are scaled in the ratio 1:300 and wind velocity at inlet is scaled in the ratio 1:5 respectively. From the results, external pressure coefficient on various faces of the buildings, drag coefficient and lift coefficients are determined for pentagon shape building. The maximum positive external pressure coefficient (Cp) is 0.446 had occurred in Face A at 180° wind incident angle and the maximum value of the negative external pressure coefficient (Cp) is 0.388 had occurred in Face D at 135° wind incident angle.
Some Continuation results in Uniquely Geodesic Spaces
Authors: Sreya V.V. , Shaini P.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we prove some continuation results based on essential maps in −uniquely geodesic spaces, which are generalizations of the existing results in Banach spaces. Also, we obtain Leray Schauder principle in −uniquely geodesic spaces which generalizes Leray Schauder principle in the setting of Hyperbolic spaces.
Queuing system behaviour in thermo pack process
Authors: Vanalakshmi R , Maragathasundari S , Kishore Eswar S
Published: July 2021

The Queuing model introduced here defines a batch arrival model with the extra assumption of stages of service. In addition, the system deploys a set up time stage for the pre-processing work to be carried out, which is essential for the stages of service. In addition, we introduce a new factor Reneging that occurs twice in this model during the setup time stage and also during the t7]=, ZO, WZ]pu[sZry, v(W(t7ZJi, RustZ]=r’s, (rr7v([, follows a Poisson distribution, while the service rendered follows a general distribution. Here, we carry out the concept of Compulsory vacation as a maintenance work duration, which helps to reduce the occurrence of service interruption. The model is well elucidated with thermo pack process from mechanical engineering. Thermo pack is the machine that is used as a boiler. Generally, we raise the temperature of oil in the thermo pack. The working principle of the thermo pack is similar to that of an ordinary boiler. It can raise the temperature of the oil from the initial temperature along with the temperature of oil which has been already used once. After the production of hot oil, it is allowed to flow around the mould to keep up the temperature inside the mould. In other cases, this oil can also be used for refining purposes. Nowadays, recent advancements in the thermo pack have led to the creation of new and advanced small size thermo pack for small-scale production. The procedure completed in this structure is considered through Queuing hypothesis. The above process comprises queuing parameters like set up time, stages of process, compulsory vacation process and the concept of types of Reneging. The Queuing issue emerges in the above auxiliary technique is understood by valuable variable strategy. The probability of creating capacity of the line size, duration of line, the number of clients in the framework, holding up time of the clients in the line just as in the framework, usage factor and the inert time of the server are inferred. Numerical delineation and a broadened graphical assessment are undertaken around the conclusion to help the model.
Mathematical Model for Minimizing Cost in Employers Training using Assignment Problem
Authors: Kumar Bharathi Ramesh , Andal S
Published: July 2021

Now a day’s many organizations have struggled in how to minimize the employer training cost. Consider the assignment problem for each assigning workers with their own skill set, to task which demand different skills in an efficient manner. It’s a challenging problem that often requires workers to receive additional training. The training of workers is very costly of the employee training in the world. So, in this paper we analyze and minimize the entire training cost. A numerical example is included.
Mathematical Modeling of Type -2 Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Cancer
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Gupta Richa , Khurana Pooja
Published: July 2021

Diabetes, a fifth leading disease in terms of causing death, is a complex syndrome, characterized by the altered metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates result in the raising of blood glucose level to more than 180 mg/dl cause a condition called Hyperglycemia. Many shreds of evidence are suggesting the positive relationship between diabetes and cancer means diabetic patients are more prone to cancer. Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes and cancer share some common pathophysiologies as well as treatments and thus type-2 diabetes mellitus may be a predisposing factor for Cancer. The work proposes a generalized mathematical model whose numerical solution depicts the risk of cancer to the one having type-2 diabetes mellitus. In type-2 diabetes, the body neglects to react to the insulin produced by the body itself. A system of differential conditions is utilized for depicting these changes. This model incorporates the concentration of glucose, insulin and cancer growth cells. Taking everything into account, the possibility of having cancer is more in the individuals having longstanding type-2 diabetes than those who do not have diabetes. In the work, we propose a numerical model for the risk of disease to a patient having type 2 diabetes mellitus for quite a while.
ON DIRECT SUM OF FOUR FUZZY GRAPHS
Authors: Henson T. , Santhanalakshmi S.
Published: July 2021

The graph G1, G2 G3 and G4 which is defined by the direct sum of four fuzzy graphs G1⊕G2⊕G3⊕G4 Tins is also proved the effective values. The degree of the vertices is G1⊕G2⊕G3⊕G4 is calculated with the establishment of the regular property and the Connectedness of the Direct Sum of four Fuzzy Graphs.
Uncertainty quantification in the fixation of Drug Dosage to cancer-induced Rats – A computational and Mathematical modeling using Fuzzy evidence theory
Authors: Judith Kiruba R , Deepika A , Ida Malarselvi R , Priscilla R , Irene Hepzibah R , Ramachandra Raja C
Published: July 2021

Results of any working out are of practical use only if statistics about their accuracy is also available. This is commonly correct in the molecular and drug design where the accuracy in each model is of vital importance. Valuation of the efficiency of changes presented in a prototypical and quantifiable evaluation of the presentation of changed models necessitates quantity for calculating the full uncertainty in designing the drug molecules, the collective impact from all improbability causes. To novelty, such a quantity is some of the points of our research. In the fuzzy model, the consequent of the fuzzy rule is often determined with degrees of belief or credibility because of vague information originating from evidence not strong enough and “lack of specificity”. In this paper, we present a fuzzy model incorporated with the fuzzy Dempster-Shafer Theory. A well-known example of drug dosage prediction is tested, the prediction results show that our fuzzy modeling is very efficient and has a strong expressive power to represent the complex system with uncertain situations.
Smart fuzzy graph
Authors: Jon Arockiaraj J , Chaarumathi P M
Published: July 2021

In recent times, the internet of things has gained more popularity. The internet of things connects people, objects and machines apart from distance through cloud based internet. In this paper, we have introduced the smart fuzzy graph along with some basic properties and related concepts. The aim of this paper is to solve some authentic real life problems using smart fuzzy graph.
DOMINATION AND ITS RELATED PARAMETERS IN A TRIPLE LAYERED FUZZY GRAPH
Authors: Jethruth Emelda Mary L. , Gogulalakshmi U.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we studied domination of a Triple layered fuzzy graph, Complement of a Triple layered fuzzy graph and Complete Triple layered fuzzy graph and established bounds for the same graphs.
Bénard-Taylor ferroconvection with time-dependent sinusoidal boundary temperatures
Authors: Maruthamanikandan S , Thomas Nisha Mary , Mathew Soya
Published: July 2021

The combined effect of centrifugal acceleration and time-varying boundary temperatures on the onset of convective instability of a rotating magnetic fluid layer is investigated by means of the regular perturbation method. A perturbation expansion in terms of the amplitude of applied temperature field is implemented to effectively deal with the effects of temperature modulation. The criterion for the threshold is established based on the condition of stationary instability manifesting prior to oscillatory convection. The modulated critical Rayleigh number is computed in terms of Prandtl number, magnetic parameters, Taylor number and the frequency of thermal modulation. It is shown that subcritical motion exists only for symmetric excitation and the destabilizing effect of magnetic mechanism is perceived only for asymmetric and bottom wall excitations. It is also delineated that, for bottom wall modulation, rotation tends to stabilize the system at low frequencies and the opposite is true for moderate and large frequencies. Furthermore, it is established that, notwithstanding the type of thermal excitation, the modulation mechanism attenuates the influences of both magnetic stresses and rotation for moderate and large frequencies.
A rank formula for HNN-extension with finite edge group
Authors: Mecam Kamonthep , Bergmoser Monalisa
Published: July 2021

In this work, we construct a complexity together with the folding method to obtain a rank formula for HNN-extension with finite edge group.
Numerical method for a boundary value problem for a linear singularly perturbed parabolic delay differential equation of reaction-diffusion type with discontinuous source term
Authors: Saminathan Parthiban , Victor Franklin
Published: July 2021

A singularly perturbed boundary value problem for a linear parabolic second order delay differential equation of reaction-diffusion type with discontinuous source term is considered in the rectangle domain Ω = {(x, t) : 0 < x < 2,0 < t ⩽ T}. Discontinuity occurs in the source term at (d, t) < ∈ Ω. As the highest order space derivative is multiplied by a singular perturbation parameter, the components of the solution exhibit boundary layers at (x,t) = (0,t) and (x,t) = (2,t) and interior layers at (x, t) = (1, t) and/or at (x,t) = (d,t) and (x,t) = (1 + d, t) with respect to the position of (d, t) in Ω. A numerical method which uses classical finite difference scheme on a Shishkin piecewise uniform mesh is suggested to approximate the solution. The method is proved to be first order convergent uniformly for all the values of singular perturbation parameters. Numerical illustrations are presented so that the theoretical results are supported.
Dynamics of A Prey and Two Neutral Predators
Authors: Satyavathi G A L , Paparao A.V , Sobhan Babu K
Published: July 2021

We describe a mathematical model for the interaction between three species consists a prey (x1) and two neutral predators (x2, x3), surviving on the common prey (x1). Here all the three species have limited their own natural resources. The system is explained by couple of differential equations. The co-existing state is identified and also characterized the local and global stability analysis at this state. The dynamical behaviour of the system is studied using Numerical simulation. It is shown that the system is globally asymptotically stable.
AN M/M/1/N QUEUE WITH WORKING BREAKDOWNS AND VACATIONS-AN APPROACH TO COST ANALYSIS
Authors: Deepa B. , Kalidass K. , Vijayalakshmi V.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we consider an M/M/1/N queue with working breakdown and two types of server vacations. Sensitivity analysis of the model is performed to aissue with the point of streamlining service rates by limiting the normal expense per unit time using the direct search method.
Fault-tolerant control for delayed interval type-2 fuzzy systems with nonlinear fault input
Authors: Vimal Kumar S. , Raja R. , Indumathi P.
Published: July 2021

This paper addresses the stabilization of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with time delay. In particular, the control system with parameter uncertainties are modeled through an interval type-2 (IT2) T-S fuzzy model, in which the uncertainties are handled via lower and upper membership functions. By developing some new techniques, a fault-tolerant controller is designed to ensure that the closed-loop fuzzy time-delay system is asymptotically stable with nonlinear fault input. Finally, a numerical example that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed conditions are provided.
Closest approach of a quantum projectile
Authors: Kumar A , Krisnanda T , Arumugam P , Paterek T
Published: July 2021

We consider the simplest case of Rutherford scattering, i.e. the head-on collision, where the projectile is treated quantum mechanically. The convexity of repulsive Coulomb force invokes a disagreement between the Ehrenfest’s and Hamilton’s dynamics. We show that the quantum projectile cannot approach as close as the corresponding classical one, and that the average distance of closest approach depends on the position spread of the wave function describing the projectile.
𝑸 ℐ Tαm continuous functions and Q F highly disconnectedness space
Authors: Lavanya T , Amsaveni D , Nandhini R
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to discuss about 𝑸 ℐ
T

α
m continuous functions and initiate new class of function called 𝑸 ℐ
T

α
m irresolute function. Also a new class of 𝑸 ℐ topological space called 𝑸 ℐ
T

α
m Highly Disconnectedness Space is introduced. On this basis, some interesting properties of these spaces have been obtained.
Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces
Authors: Rowthri M. , Amudhambigai B.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the idea of fuzzy Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces-filters on fuzzy Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces-open sets and fuzzy Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces-convergence spaces are presented. Typically, the description of fuzzy minimal prime Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces-filters in a fuzzy topological space is explored. Likewise, the ideas of fuzzy Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces-regular convergence spaces and fuzzy weakly Fuzzy α-Ψ*-Convergence Spaces-regular convergence spaces are initiated and few of their captivating properties are examined.
Dissipativity analysis of Markovian Switched Neural Networks using Extended Reciprocally Convex Matrix Inequality
Authors: Maheswari K , Shivapriya S N
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to present improved result of dissipativity analysis in Markovian switched neural networks with time-delays. By applying the novel extended reciprocally convex matrix inequality with the construction of Lyapunov- Kravsovskii functional and by using the linear matrix inequality technique, a set of sufficient conditions has been established to guarantee the existence of analysis. Numerical example with simulation is illustrated for the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Certain Special Self-Similar Solutions of Khokhlov - Zabolotskaya - Kuznetsov Equation, Generalized Burgers Equation in (1 + 2)-dimensions
Authors: Mayil Vaganan B , Balasakthi B , Jeengo Deepa P , Nila Punnahai C P
Published: July 2021

Certain special forms of self-similar solutions which satisfy Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov equations or a generalized Burgers equation in (1 + 2)-dimensions are reported.
Dipole Moment Studies in some Substituted Anilines with Alcohols
Authors: Priscilla R. , Deepika A. , Ida Malarselvi R.
Published: July 2021

Dipole moments have been determined by using the mixtures of diluted solutions of aniline, o-chloro aniline, p-chloro aniline, ethanol, 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-methoxy ethanol in carbon tetrachloride at 30° C based on Debye’s polarization method and Huysken’s method. The results are interpreted that the complex dipole moment for the halogen substitution of acceptor complexes is greater than the mono substituted acceptor complexes. But the case is reversed in halogen substitution of donor complexes.
Oscillation Results for Second-Order Neutral Functional Differential Equations
Authors: Priyadharshini V. G. , Raghupathi T. J.
Published: July 2021

In this article, we obtain several comparison theorems for the second-order neutral differential equation

d

d
t

(
r
(
t
)

(

d

d
t

z
(
t
)
)

γ

)

+

q

1

(
t
)

x

λ

(
σ
(
t
)
)
+

q

2

(
t
)

x

β

(
η
(
t
)
)
=
0

, t ⩾ t
0, where γ, λ, β are ratios of positive odd integers. We compare above equation with the first-order differential inequalities in the sense that the absence of the eventually positive solutions of these first-order inequalities implies the oscillation of the studied equation.
Preprogrammed Multiway Workbench- An experimental study using ultrasonic sensors with the help of microcontroller
Authors: Malhotra Reetu , Goyal Aashish , Batra Mridula , Bansal Ritvik
Published: July 2021

This study aims to find the ultimate solution for the table to be used by different kinds of people, such as a healthy kid, young, old, and physically disabled. People face problems while using the table of inappropriate height. Especially, physically disabled people are unable to cope with healthy while doing regular work due to height constraints. Using a human-centered design approach, the authors create a design process based on field research and catering to local needs to develop a suitable product for users in a developing country. So, the authors introduced a table, which has a motorized height adjusting mechanism. Ultrasonic sensors detect the user’s height and height of the table adjusted as per the height of the user.
Reliability Analysis a Two-Unit Cold Redundant System Working in a Pharmaceutical Agency with Preventive Maintenance
Authors: Malhotra Reetu , Dureja Tanishq , Goyal Aashish
Published: July 2021

The present paper examines the working and reliability of a pair of a two-unit cold redundant system in a pharmaceutical agency. Initially, out of two units, one unit is operative and the other unit acts as a cold redundant. On the failure of the working unit, the redundant unit is put to work. As the demand varies, the manufacturing of the product is also very much affected and so the machines may need to put into the rest period when the vast range of manufacturing is in the distinction to those demanded. It leads to a decline in the warranty period of the product. Additionally, another factor of the preventive/corrective maintenance (PM/CM) is also taken into the consideration. The main aim is to an evaluation of the expected rest period and expected PM/CM period and to determine the maximum profit gained by the company using the Markov process and regenerative technique. The authors have calculated various measures of the system’s effectiveness. Numerical consequences and graphs of a precise case are additionally included.
Computational fluid dynamics modelling and experimental analysis of a Photovoltaic Thermal system with spiral absorber using hybrid TiO2 – MWCNT nanofluid
Authors: Sacithra A. , Gomathi S. , Manivannan A.
Published: July 2021

The temperature increase of the PV panel reduces the electrical efficiency of the module. In order to boost electrical efficiency, the temperature of the PV panel is decreased by working fluids such as water and water based TiO2-MWCNT hybrid nanofluid. The pattern of the absorber is spiral. The spiral flow absorber collector is a steady loop. This model was implemented to determine the total heat gain and total combined efficiency of the PV module. The findings show that total thermal performance, optimum thermal output and electrical performance achieved by TiO2 –MWCNT nanofluid is more compared with water. In the nanofluid coefficient of convective heat transfer is higher than that of the base liquid at the same mass flow rate. For a mass flow rate of 0.01 kg/sec, the maximum thermal efficiency and electrical efficiency obtained are 52.8 per cent and 8.6 per cent, respectively, relative to the simulation results.
Modular, Weakly distributive and Normal trellises
Authors: Rai Shashirekha B. , Rao Prashantha
Published: July 2021

Psosets and trellises are generalizations of posets and lattices respectively. In fact, these notions are introduced independently by E. Fried and H. L. Skala. It is well known that a graph can be used to describe a partial order. In this paper, the concepts of modular, weakly distributive and normal trellises are introduced. We have proved that a trellis satisfying sheering property is modular. It is also proved that every strongly connected trellis is nonmodular. It is shown that every separating element of a trellis is modular and every modular element is weakly separating. Well-known result of M.H. Stone namely “Every maximal ideal of a distributive lattice is prime” is generalized to trellises. It is proved that a relatively complemented trellis is a lattice if and only if it is normal.
Numerical Investigation of Back Pressure and Acoustic Attenuation Performance of Two and Three Chamber Exhaust Muffler
Authors: Satish S , Mohan Kumar S
Published: July 2021

Two and Three chamber expansion muffler are commonly used in light category vehicle for meeting the noise level legislature requirement. The Helmholtz resonator and expansion chamber are used in exhaust muffler to attenuate the noise in low and middle frequency range. In this work, the effect of expansion chamber size on back pressure is determined using CFD and the same geometry were used to study the acoustic attenuation performance using FEA in the frequency range of 0 to 3000 Hz. Regarding the size of individual expansion chamber there is about 17% increase and decrease in size from base model geometry were considered for performance comparison in both two and three chamber type of muffler. It is found that minimum back pressure of about 241 Pa is observed for 2 chamber base model (2C-B) with slightly higher turbulent kinetic energy value of 77.53 J/Kg. The sound pressure level (SPL) at outlet pipe is less for 3 chamber mufflers and the obtained value is less than 120 dB for most of the frequency range of 0 Hz to 3000 Hz. Similarly transmission loss (TL) is higher for 3 chamber mufflers and the value remains same for 0 to 1600 Hz frequency range and peak fluctuation occurs at higher frequency. The obtained results shows that 3C-A model is having higher noise attenuation performance with back pressure value within acceptable limit.
The solution of some nonlinear space-time fractional Fokker-Planck equations by using homotopy perturbation method
Authors: Nuntadilok Buraskorn
Published: July 2021

In this work, the homotopy perturbation method together with the natural transform are applied to solve some nonlinear space-time fractional Fokker-Planck equations. The numerical and exact solutions in examples are shown to support our results.
A formula of solutions for some Volterra integral equations
Authors: Mecam Kamonthep , Nuntadilok Buraskorn
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we use the new modification of the Adomian decomposition method (NMADM) to formulate a solution of some weakly singular Volterra integral equations. In some cases, Taylor’s series is applied to simplify the formula. Some examples are given to illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of this method.
[J, K] - Set Domination of Special Graphs
Authors: Murugesan N. , Elangovan P.
Published: July 2021

Domination is an important theoretic concept in graph theory. Various types of domination have been studied By [J, K] - Set domination, A subset D ⊆ V in a graph G = (V, E) is a [J, K] - Set if every Vertex ν ∈ V
−
D, J ⩽ |N(ν) ∩ D| ⩽ K for non negative integers J and K, that is every vertex ν ∈ V
−
D is adjacent to at least J but not more than K Vertices in D. The domination number of G is denoted by γ[

J,K

](G), which is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set G. In tis paper the [J, K] - domination number of some special graphs and its application ave been studied.
Impact of Electro-Magnetohydrodynamic Nature on Dispersion of solute in the Peristaltic Mechanism
Authors: Ponalagusamy R. , Murugan D.
Published: July 2021

The present article deals with the dispersion of a solute in peristaltic system. This mathematical model provides the analytical solution of electro-magnetohydrodynamic flow of biofluids through a channel. Treating blood as a Jeffrey fluid and considering homogeneous chemical reaction, the closed form of solution of effective dispersion coefficient is obtained by using Taylor’s limiting condition and long wave length approximation. The impacts of physiological parameters such as the electro osmotic velocity, electro kinetic, Jeffrey fluid parameter and Hartmann number on the Peristaltic movement have been investigated. It is found that the average equivalent dispersion coefficient is reduced with respect to the enhancement of homogeneous chemical reaction parameter and Hartmann number. It is pertinent to point out here that the electro osmotic velocity and electro kinetic parameter help to enhance average equivalent dispersion coefficient in comparison with the absence of applied electric field. The present analytical study provides useful information to artificial bio-processors.
Minimal prime ideals in seminearrings
Authors: Senthil S , Perumal R
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the properties of ideals in seminearrings with special reference to right duo seminearrings. We formulate the concept of prime ideal and minimal prime ideal in a seminearring. In the case of Noetherian right duo seminearring, we derive some additional properties.
Electro-osmatic flow of Jeffrey fluid in an asymmetric micro-channel under the effect of Magnetic field
Authors: Magesh A , Kothandapani M , Pushparaj V
Published: July 2021

In this article, we have investigated the peristaltic transport of electro-osmotic flow of Jeffrey fluid in an asymmetric channel, in which the walls are modulated by the peristaltic array of patches. In the presence of Electrical Debye Layer (EDL), the Poisson Boltzmann equation for the electrical potential within the micro channel is considered. To evaluate the electrical potential, Debye-Huckel linearization is employed the governing equations are modeled and reduce by small Reynolds number and long wavelength approximation and solved the exact solution. The axial fluid velocity, temperature, pressure gradient, pressure rise and stream functions are discussed with the effects of pertinent parameters (Hartmann number, Phase angle, relaxation time parameter) through the graphs.
Roughness of (∈*, ∈* ∨ q*)-Fuzzy Ideals in Semigroup
Authors: Subha V S , Thillaigovindan N , Chinnadurai V , Dhanalakshmi P
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we introduce the notions of intervalvalued rough (∈
*, ∈
* ∨ q*)-fuzzy subsemigroup, intervalvalued rough (∈
*, ∈
* ∨ q*)-fuzzy ideals, intervalvalued rough (∈
*, ∈
* ∨ q*)-fuzzy bi-ideal, intervalvalued rough (∈
*, ∈
* ∨ q*)-fuzzy interior ideal and intervalvalued rough (∈
*, ∈
* ∨ q*)-fuzzy quasi ideal as a further generalization of ideals in semigroups and study the properties of these structures.
Existence of solutions for the Caputo-Hadamard fractional diσerential equations and inclusions
Authors: Muthaiah Subramanian , Baleanu Dumitru , Murugesan Manigandan , Palanisamy Duraisamy
Published: July 2021

In this article, we investigate the existence results, with multi-point and integral boundary conditions, for Caputo-Hadamard fractional diσerential equations (CHFDEs) and inclusions. To get the desired results, which are clearly illustrated by examples, we use standard fixed point theorems for single-valued and multi-valued maps.
Controllability of nonlocal impulsive differential equations with measure of noncompactness
Authors: Tamizharasan D , Karthikeyan K
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with nonlocal conditions of impulsive differential equations with control. Here, we structure the measure of noncompactness and its properties in the space of piecewise continuous functions. Then, we acquire the controllability of impulsive differential equations with nonlocal conditions via compactness condition, Lipschitz conditions by using the Darbo-Sadovskii’s fixed point theorem and the property of noncompactness.
A Selection based on Seller’s Prespectives of insect detection techniques in stored grains by using weighted correlation coefficient under intuitionistic fuzzy environment
Authors: Gladia Vincy C , Mary Mejrullo Merlin M
Published: July 2021

Grains have enacted a supreme role in human history and grain agriculture. Cereal grains are the worlds most substantial origin of food energy. The loss of grains can occur in three stages which are Pre-harvest, harvest and Post-harvest stages. Post-harvest losses take place during the time of harvest and the stage of human consumption. The losses can occur at the process of transportation, processing, storage and also by insects attack. In many developing countries the post-harvest losses are normal. In grain storage, several methods are being used to detect insects. But methods which are efficient and also time saving are very much needed. So, researchers have advanced many detection techniques to find insects in the stored grains. The weighted correlation coefficient using entropy weights give more enlightenment to solve many prevailing problem in real life. The encouragement of this research work is to interpret the sellers perspectives of insect detection technique for stored grains.
Effect of magnetic field on the peristaltic transport of Oldroyd-B fluid in an asymmetric inclined channel
Authors: Magesh A , Praveen Kumar P , Tamizharasi P , Vijayaragavan R , Vimal Kumar S , Kothandapani M
Published: July 2021

In this manuscript, we have investigated the peristaltic transport of Oldroyd-B fluid in an inclined channel. The channels are taken asymmetric into the account and subjected to rotation of the presence of a magnetic field and gravity field. The governing equations of Oldroyd-B fluid are derived and the constitute nonlinear equations are reduced under the consideration of large wave length and small Reynolds number approximation. The exact solution of the equations is derived. The consequences of pertinent aspects of axial velocity, pressure gradient, pressure rise and stream functions are discussed through the graphs.
Exponential Stability for the Neutral-type Inertial BAM Neural Networks with Time-varying Delays
Authors: Thipcha J , Pinjai S
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the global exponential stability for the neutral-type inertial bidirectional association memory neural networks with time-varying delays is considered. In our study, the lower and upper bounds of the activation functions are allowed to be either positive, negative or zero. By constructing new and improved Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and introducing free-weighting matrices, a new and improved delay-dependent the neutral-type inertial bidirectional association memory neural networks with time-varying delays is derived in the form of linear matrix.
Robust delay-dependent H∞performance for uncertain neutral systems with mixed time delays
Authors: Pinjai Sirada , Thipcha Jenjira
Published: July 2021

This paper is concerned with the problems of robust stability analysis andH∞performance for the uncertain neutral systems with mixed time delays. By constructing an augmented Lyapunov Krasovskii functional with quadruple integral terms, some sufficient criteria are provided in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The goal of this paper is to establish some conditions to guarantee the system is robustly stable with a prescribedH∞performance level for all uncertainties.
Some Fixed Point Theorem of Hardy-Roger Contraction in Complex Valued Sb-Metric Space
Authors: Singthong Urailuk
Published: July 2021

The aim of this work, is to introdued sufficient conditions for prove the existence and uniqueness of fixed point of the Hardy-Roger contraction in complete complex valuedSb-metric spaces. Our results extend and improve the results of Riyobarta N. et. al[10].
Dynamics of a Discrete-time Predator-Prey Model of Leslie type with Predator Harvesting
Authors: Vinoth S. , Sivasamy R. , Sathiyanathan K.
Published: July 2021

In the present work, we attempt to analyze the discrete form of Leslie type predator-prey system with the extension of nonlinear type harvesting of predators. The proposed model is obtained with the help of theory of piecewise constant argument for differential equations. We give the local stability properties of all possible non-negative fixed points. Also, our study reveals that the discrete system admits two bifurcations which are flip and Neimark-Sacker by making the use of center manifold argument and bifurcation theory, where the harvesting parameter is varied in order to take place of such bifurcations. Some simulations are carried out to depicts the obtained analytical results such as bifurcation plots and phase portraits. Also, it can be confirmed from numerical simulations that the considered system exhibits chaotic behavior for smaller values of harvesting parameter and becomes stable for larger values of same parameter. The largest Lyapunov exponents are plotted to show the sensitivity of chaotic regime.
Existence results for the Hadamard fractional diσerential equations and inclusions
Authors: Muthaiah Subramanian , Baleanu Dumitru , Zada Akbar , Gopal Thangaraj Nandha , Muthukumar Shanmugam
Published: July 2021

In this paper, concerning non-local multi-point and integral boundary conditions, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for Hadamard fractional diσerential equations (HFDEs) and inclusions. In the case of equations, we use the Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem for the sum of two operators and Banach fixed point theorem, and Leray-Schauder’s alternative for multivalued maps and the fixed point theorem attributed to Covitz and Nadler for multivalued contractions for inclusions. Examples are given to clarify our main results. Finally, we discuss some variants of the given problem.
Characterization of Uniform and Hybrid Cellular Automata with Reflecting Boundary
Authors: Rajasekar M , Anbu R
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we study the characterization of uniform cellular automata with the restricted vertical neighborhood and hybrid cellular automata with both restricted vertical neighborhood and Von Neumann Neighborhood using reflecting boundary condition over the eld ℤ2. The transition rule matrix for uniform and hybrid cellular automata with reflecting boundary condition is obtained and also reversibility of the uniform cellular automata is studied.
The nonlinear evolution equations of fourth-order for two surface gravity waves including the effect of air flowing over water
Authors: Dhar A.K. , Manna Shibam
Published: July 2021

The nonlinear evolution equations of fourth-order have been established for two surface gravity waves in infinite depth of water including the effect of air flowing over water. In the present paper, we have applied a general approach depending upon the integral equation due to Zakharov. Based on these equations, the stability analysis has been studied in the appearance of a uniform gravity wave packet with another wave packet of the identical group velocity. Graphs have been drawn for the instability growth rate of the uniform wave packet with shorter wave number versus the perturbed wave number for several values of the amplitude of the wave packet of larger wave-number and several values of wind velocity. We have observed from the figures that the instability growth rate of the second wave packet enhances with the enhancement of nondimensional wind velocity for the settled value of the amplitude of the first wave packet.
Comparison between Finite Difference Method and Laplace Transform
Authors: Sornkaew Pilasluck
Published: July 2021

Differential equation is important in explain the results, which has been applied in science, physics and engineering etc. In this paper, the author study a comparison between finite difference method and Laplace transform for solve the differential equation by The finite difference method using forward differenc backward difference and central difference and also present examples to illustrate the preciseness of this method.