bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Characterization of Ant Species Found Within the Tropical Rainforest Zone of Calabar, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Genetics &, Phıllıp Iquo Oyohosuho ,   Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria., Ekpenyong Joseph ,   Department of Zoology & Environmental, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria., Phıllıp Julius Oyohosuho ,   Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria., Alex Lovina ,   Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria.
Published: October 2023

Aim: This study was carried out to unravel the morphological variations that exist among ant species in the Rainforest zone of the University of Calabar Community. Method: Ants were collected from three locations (Botanical Garden, Cameroon and Unical Farms) within the University of Calabar. Direct hand-picking method and the pitfall traps method were utilized for sample collection. Thereafter, different morphological parameters including total length, head width, eye length, etc. were measured and analysed. Results: The results obtained showed a dominance of Formicinae with 3 species (35 %), followed by Myrmicinae with 2 species (30 %), and lastly Ponerinae and Dolichoderinae and Dorylinae with one species (5 %) each. A total of 7, 4 and 2 ant species were collected from the University of Calabar Botanical Garden, Cameroun and University of Calabar Farm sites respectively. Out of the 7 ant species, 3 species (50 %) were common to all the locations on campus, while another 2 species (45 %) were found exclusive to the Botanical Garden site. Conclusions: This work established that the morphology of ant faunas found in various areas of the campus varied significantly. It also concluded that the morphological space occupied by the ant fauna of the Botanical Garden was significantly larger than those collected from the other locations.
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Alstonia boonei Stem-Bark
Authors:   Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Nigeria, Izum Mary Chinenye , Olubodun Stella Oghomwen ,   Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Nigeria
Published: October 2023

The plant Alstonia boonei is extensively used in traditional medicine because of its therapeutic properties. Over the years, researchers have been looking for the active medicinal agents in different plant species and as such, the type of extraction solvent plays a major role. This study aim to investigate the comparative analysis of phytochemical constituents and antioxidant properties of aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. boonei stem-bark. The stem-bark of A. boonei was collected, dried, pulverized and extracted with ethanol and distilled water using maceration method. The extract was concentrated in a temperature regulated water bath set at 45oC. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was carried out in both extracts. Both extracts was also subjected to various antioxidant analytical procedures such as free radical scavenging capacity against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) to determine antioxidant properties. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of both extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, cardiac glycoside, terpenoids, alkaloids and saponins. However, quantitative studies revealed that proanthocyanidin, flavonoids and total phenol were significantly higher in ethanol extract compared to aqueous extract (p < 0.05). Both extracts exhibited antioxidant activities compared to reference antioxidant (Ascorbic acid). However, the reducing power of the aqueous extract was significantly higher than that of the ethanol extract.This result indicates that aqueous extract of A. booneistem-bark had lower phytochemical constituents but higher antioxidant activity compared to ethanol extract. The result of this study revealed that ethanol may be a better solvent for phytochemical extraction of A. boonei stem-bark.
Relationship between Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacterial Isolates and Biofilm Formation in Burn Patients
Authors: Hatif Sahar Taha
Published: October 2023

Background: Biofilms are a serious problem and responsible for death from burns, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria threaten global public health due to high rates of pathogen infection. Objectives: To investigate the correlation between the formation of biofilms and the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates in burn patients. Methods: 100 samples of swabs were collected from burn patients from January 2023 to June 2023. The grown colonies were identified based on traditional methods and the Vitec system, and multidrug resistance was determined when the isolates were resistant in three categories. A quantitative microtiter method was used to determine the formation of biofilms using ELISA. Results: From 100 burn samples, 83 bacterial isolates were obtained: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Infection rates were highest for P. aeruginosa (67.5%), followed by S. aureus (16.9%). The results showed high resistance in the bacterial isolates, which showed 100% resistance to imipenem in P. aeruginosa. 100% of the E. coli and K. pneumoniae were MDR, followed by 83.92% for P. aeruginosa, 75% for A. baumannii, and 71% for S. aureus. All the isolates produced biofilm in varying proportions, with 80.35% in P. aeruginosa, followed by 100% moderate biofilm in E. coli, 100% weak biofilm in A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae, and moderate and weak biofilm in S. aureus. Conclusion: P. aeruginosa is the primary cause of burn contamination in hospitals, and all the isolates produced biofilm and exhibited high multi-drug resistance.
Effect of Spirulina and Probiotic on Growth Performance of Japanese Quail
Authors: Alhussaini Ruaa , Bahaa A. Alsereah  , Assad H. Eissa
Published: October 2023

The aim of current project is to fortify the quail feeds with various types of supplements such as spirulina, Used as a substitute for Prob. & study the growth performance to recognize the best formula of spirulina for best production. untreated was feed on standard diet, Spirulina group was feed with Spirulina , Probiotics complex group was feed with probiotics complex, Mix Spirulina with probiotic complex group was feed with above Spirulina  & probiotic. complex. BW, BWG, FI & FCE were daily recoded. Results noted at  highest significant increase (P≤0.05) for the addition of spirulina occurred in the average body weight of Japanese quail compared to the control and other treated groups. The highest significant increase (P≤0.05) occurred in the BWG rates of birds treated with the addition of spirulina for weeks (1 and 4) and the cumulative (1-6) weeks. the highest rate (p≤0.05) of feed consumption was recorded in the group of birds treated with spirulina for weeks (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6). and the cumulative feed consumption rate from (1-6) weeks compared with the other treatments and the control group. Rresults showed FCE rates recorded a significant improvement in adding spirulina during (1,2,3,4,6) weeks and the cumulative feed conversion efficiency average (1-6) weeks for birds. From this research, we concluded that adding spirulina to quail diets improved productive traits.
morphological Study of the Small Intestine in the Geese (Anser anser).
Authors: Radwan Zeena
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to identify morphological of the small intestine in adult geese. Six healthy geese were bought from the Baghdad local market, their age from (2- 5) years, and weight from (1.5 - 2.5) kg. All geese were euthanized and their coelomic cavity was dissected to determine the placement of the digestive organs, including their relative shapes. The coelomic cavity was dissected from the thoracic intake to the vent orifice. Gross descriptions and measurements of the small intestine were taken, including its length, weight, diameter, relative length, and relative weight according to the morphological investigation. Our results showed that the small intestine is made up of three segments (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), The duodenum forms a U-shaped tube that occupied the pancreas, jejunum has (5) fluxes. Mickel’s diverticulum appeared as a small bunch separating the jejunum from the illum. Illum was shorter than the rest of the small intestine.
The Impact of Two Types of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines on Broiler Chicken Respiratory System.
Authors: Saad Muofaq Al-Tamimi  , Abtisam Jawad Ali  , Rawah A. Faraj
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vaccinating 1-day-old broilerchicks with two commercial vaccines such as live chronic respiratorydisease F strain (CRDF) and killed Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG)vaccines on the respiratory system. For this purpose, one-day-old broilerchicks (n=120) were randomly divided into four groups; (n=30 birdseach). All groups were treated as followed: G1(CRDF): chicks werevaccinated with live CRDF vaccine (eye drop one drop 0.03ml/dose/10 5 ),G2 (killed MG): chicks were vaccinated with killed MG vaccine injectionwith 0.3ml s.c /3 x10  10  C.F.U/ml), G3: chicks were combined vaccinatedwith killed MG and CRDF live vaccines G4: served as controlunvaccinated group. The vaccination was performed at one day old in G1(CRDF), G2(killed MG), and G3 (killed MG and live CRDF). Thehistopathological changes of the trachea and air sacs were examined andevaluated at 35 days old. The results of histopathological examination ofair sacs in the G1(CRDF) revealed various mild epithelial hyperplasiawith papillary-like growth, subepithelial lymphocytic infiltration, in G2

(killed MG), showed hyperplastic epithelial surfaces with moderatelymphocytic infiltration mainly around congestion capillaries. While G3(killed MG and CRDF) showed focal epithelial hyperplasia (villus-like),and perivascular lymphocytic aggregation in laminar C.T. Whereas G4(control) showed normal structures without any histopathological lesions.In the trachea the histopathological changes in G1(CRDF) showed focallymphocytic aggregation with a follicle-like appearance, another sectionshowed focal epithelial and cilia loss with goblet cell hypertrophy of theadjacent gland. G2 (killed MG) showed partial loss of thin mucosa withmild and desquamation lymphocytic infiltration in lamina propria,G3(killed MG and CRDF) showed diffuse mononuclear cells (MNCs)infiltration in tracheal mucous and submucosa with evidence of cysticdilution of adjacent gland together G4 control tracheal tissue showednormal structure without any lesions. Finally, it was determined thatvaccination with killed MG and live CRDF vaccines caused a moreobvious immune reaction (lymphoproliferative infiltration) in therespiratory system, including the trachea and air sac than the vaccinationwith combined killed and live vaccines, while the live Mycoplasmavaccines individually caused minor damage, particularly in the trachea.
Examining the potential of machine learning for predicting academic achievement: A systematic review
Authors:   Faculty of Computing, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia, .. M. ,   Faculty of Computing, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia,   Faculty of Computing, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia,   IEEE Senior Member, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Astana IT University,  Astana, Kazakhstan, .. A. , .. M. , Sharma Aditi
Published: October 2023

Predicting student academic performance is a critical area of education research. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have gained significant popularity in recent years. The capability to forecast student performance empowers universities to devise an intervention strategy either at the beginning of a program or during a semester, which allows them to tackle any issues that may arise proactively. This systematic literature review provides an overview of the present state of the field under investigation, including the most commonly employed ML techniques, the variables predictive of academic performance, and the limitations and challenges of using ML to predict academic success. Our review of 60 studies published between January 2019 to March 2023 reveals that ML algorithms can be highly effective in predicting student academic performance. ML models can analyse various variables, including demographics, socioeconomic status, and academic history, to identify patterns and relationships that can predict academic performance. However, several limitations need to be addressed, such as the inconsistency in the variables used, small sample sizes, and the failure to consider external factors that may impact academic performance. Future research needs to address these limitations to develop more robust prediction models. Machine learning can fuse data from various sources like test scores like Coursera, edX Open edX, Udemy, linkedin learning, learn words, and hacker’s rank platform etc, attendance, and online activity to help educators better understand student needs and improve teaching, can use for better decision. In conclusion, ML has emerged as a promising approach for predicting student academic performance in online learning environments. Despite the current limitations, the continued refinement of ML techniques, the use of additional variables, and the incorporation of external factors will lead to more robust models and greater accuracy in predicting academic performance.
Broadband wireless access and IP technologies - VBLAST detection algorithm
Authors: Wang Yiqing
Published: October 2023

MIMO technology was proposed as early as 1908 to cope with wireless channel fading. In 1995, Bell Labs was the first to discover the great potential of MIMO system in channel capacity, and in 1996, Foshini of Bell Labs first proposed a space-time coding scheme, i.e., the diagonal-Bell Labs hierarchical space-time model, which can obtain very high spectrum utilization, but due to the complexity of its structure, it is difficult to be applied in practice, and is now rarely investigated. 1998, P.W. Wolniansky et al. gave a simple and practical space-time coding scheme on this basis, i.e., the vertical-Bell Labs layered space-time model. In 1998, P.W. Wolniansky et al. gave a simple and practical space-time coding scheme on this basis, i.e., Vertical Bell Labs Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST, Vertical Bell Labs Layered Space-Time) model, which can obtain very high spectrum utilisation and is easy to implement, and therefore has received wide attention once it was proposed. In this paper, we focus on airtime layered codes as well as the ZF detection algorithm and the MMSE detection algorithm in VBLAST systems and improve them to further enhance the performance of the two detection algorithms through sequential serial interference cancellation.
Analysis on the application of digital media technology in the teaching of advertising planning course
Authors: Lin Xiuyun , Zhang Xiaodi
Published: October 2023

Digital media technology is playing an increasingly important role in curriculum teaching, which provides new possibilities for the development and reform of education. This paper discusses the application of digital media technology in curriculum teaching, and points out its advantages in improving teaching quality, enhancing teacher-student interaction, promoting personalized learning, enhancing learning experience and improving teaching efficiency. However, the application of digital media technology also faces some challenges and problems, such as information overload, privacy protection, and high technical threshold, which need to be further studied and discussed. At the same time, the application of digital media technology needs to be closely combined with the teaching content of the course, and according to different course characteristics and student needs, the appropriate technology and way can be selected to achieve the best teaching effect. In the future, with the continuous development and progress of digital media technology, its application in curriculum teaching will be more extensive and in-depth. Digital media technology will be closely integrated with education, creating a more intelligent, personalized and efficient teaching environment for us, and promoting the development and progress of education. It can be seen that digital media technology has broad application prospects and potential in curriculum teaching, and it is worth our further exploration and research to make greater contributions to the development and reform of education.
Digital intelligence driven and elemental energy cultivated together: Teaching application and method innovation based on artificial intelligence
Authors: An Xujie
Published: October 2023

With the rapid development of information technology, artificial intelligence technology is gradually being introduced in the field of education to achieve more efficient and personalized teaching. The educational concept of combining intelligence with numbers and cultivating abilities with all elements emerged in this context, aiming to promote the development and reform of education through the deep integration of artificial intelligence and education. The combination of digital and intelligent technologies emphasizes the dual role of digitalization and intelligence in the field of education, which promotes the quality and effectiveness of education through mutual promotion of digital means and intelligent technologies. Digitalization can provide education with massive data resources and efficient processing capabilities, while intelligence can achieve precise identification and satisfaction of students' personalized needs based on these data and resources. The joint cultivation of elements and abilities emphasizes the joint cultivation of literacy and abilities, that is, in the education process, not only should we focus on imparting knowledge, but also on cultivating students' literacy and abilities. Literacy includes information literacy, innovation literacy, humanistic literacy, etc., while abilities include learning ability and practical ability. Through the co cultivation of elements and abilities, students can better adapt to the development and changes of future society.
Social engineering
Authors: Potthas Christine , Berry Patrick , Al-Naimi Hamad
Published: October 2023

The realm of cybersecurity is replete with challenges, not least among them being the art of social engineering. This form of attack leverages human tendencies such as trust, leading to potential breaches. Though more covert than brute force or technical hacks, social engineering can be insidiously effective. Within this exposition, we probe various manifestations of social engineering: from phishing to pretexting, baiting to tailgating, and the subtle act of shoulder surfing, concluding with mitigation strategies.
Basemah Customary Marriage “Kule Berete” on Women’s Inheritance Rights In an Islamic Legal Perspective
Authors: Surahmi Mila , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: October 2023

The Besemah community prioritizes the position of boys over girls. Sons are the successors of their father's descendants drawn from one original father, while daughters are prepared to become other people's children who will strengthen their descendants. The eldest son in the Besemah community must remain and reside in his father's house and be responsible for the lives of younger brothers and sisters, especially those who are not yet married so that the Besemah community applies the KULE BERETE marriage system. KULE BERETE marriage is a marriage system that draws a lineage from the father, which results in the wife following her husband. In this marriage system, the husband has absolute rights over wealth, and the first son takes precedence. Besemah custom, in terms of inheritance, still uses customary law to guide the estate distribution between sons and daughters. In the Besemah indigenous community, the population uses the male-majority inheritance system. Majoratinheritance system is one in which the inheritance of parents or ancestral heritage remains intact, not divided among the heirs, but controlled entirely by the eldest son (majorat male). It causes women's loss of position and inheritance rights to receive an inheritance, contrary to Islamic Law.
Establishment of Flipped Chinese Course Based on Socially Shared Learning Regulations in Chinese Normal University Students
Authors: Zhao Hongling , Chen Pengfei
Published: October 2023

With the continuous development of the social environment and the continuous advancement of technology, digital learning has increasingly higher requirements to optimize self-regulated learning, and it has become a popular trend designed to cultivate the self-regulated learning of normal university students. This study examines how the teachers of Chinese normal students integrate their courses based on socially shared regulations of learning theory to supplement the existing coursework. Based on modern Chinese, in a flipped professional course for a normal university student in northwest China, this study provides the teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods, learning methods, and teaching evaluation methods. Ultimately, this study explores how to improve students’ self-regulated learning and Chinese language proficiency through the cultivation of self-regulated learning strategies.
Application of The Learning Strategies and Motivation Questionnaire (LEMO) at the University: Reliability and Relation to First-year GPA
Authors: Nauwelaerts Erna , Doumen Sarah
Published: October 2023

As part of efforts to enhance academic achievement in higher education, incoming first-year students are becoming more and more subjected to surveys and assessments, e.g., regarding motivation and learning strategies. The Learning Strategies and Motivation Questionnaire (LEMO; Donche, Van Petegem, Van de Mosselaer, & Vermunt, 2010) is one of these surveys, applied mostly in professional bachelor programmes. The current study examines the reliability and predictive validity of the LEMO questionnaire in a sample of 416 first-year university students. All 13 scales were included in the study, i.e. Concrete Processing, Analysing, Memorising, Critical Processing, Relating-Structuring, External Regulation, Self-Regulation, Lack of Regulation, Amotivation, Controlled Motivation, Autonomous Motivation, Self-Efficacy, and Learning Together. In line with its reliability in previous studies, Cronbach’s alfa of most LEMO scales was below .70, which is the minimum threshold for scientific research, as was the Composite Reliability of eight of the 13 LEMO-scales. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that several factor loadings were below .70, resulting in an average variance extracted (AVE) below .50 for 11 of the 13 scales. Most scales had no or only a limited correlation to first-year GPA (FYGPA). Only Self-Efficacy and Analysing correlated ≥ .20 with FYGPA. These two scales explained 10.4% of the variance in study success. Hereby, Self-Efficacy is the most important predictor. The other 11 scales had no significant contribution to the prediction of academic performance in addition to Self-Efficacy and Analysing (ΔR2 = 3.4%, n.s.). Additional analyses showed that the correlation between the LEMO scales and FYGPA varied according to Bachelor programme.
Reflection on Developing A'Sharqiyah University’s Institutional Accreditation Application
Authors: Al Jardani Khalid Salim Saif , Al-Maskery Al-Hussein Yusuf
Published: October 2023

This paper intends to reflect on the accreditation task that took place this academic year. This reflection covers the Application itself; from various draft iterations to the ingathering of Supporting Materials, and a mock accreditation event. It also covers the planning visit of OAAAQA and after, matters for clarification and additional Supporting Materials. In addition, the paper covers the visit itself including interviews. The paper ends by presenting key conclusions and recommendations based on this journey from two members of the University’s Writing Team.
Implementation of Remedial Feedback and Observable Progression System in GFP English Writing
Authors: Al Shandhoudi Hilal , Miah A.S.M. Shamim
Published: October 2023

Despite the fact that teachers and students disagree about feedback methods and its efficacy continues to be a major issue in higher education, it is universally understood that effective feedback improves students' performance. This highlights the necessity for a thorough study and greater justification of any potential discrepancies in practices and behaviour. This study aims to investigate and explore both teachers' and students' acceptance of written corrective feedback and concerted effort towards observable improvement. This study also intends to evaluate related narratives, methods, and constraints that prevent or augment such effectiveness. Furthermore, the outcome of this research will focus on designing and implementing the written corrective feedback as an observable improvement strategy in General Foundation Program (GFP) English writing classrooms. To substantiate the research objectives, an experimental and a control group consisting of 10 teachers each and 100 GFP English students with 25 from level 3 will be subjected for experimental evaluation.
Coagulation Abnormalities in Pediatric Patients with β-Thalassemia, An experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shabbir Ayesha , Farhan Saima , Ur Rehman Attiq , Mazhar Neelam , Hareem Sidra , Iqbal Iram
Published: October 2023

Life expectancy in thalassemia has markedly improved due to consistent blood transfer and amenability with iron chelation therapy, therefore this improvement is conditioned with various thromboembolic problems of this prolonged disorder including thromboembolic complaints. Objective: To determine coagulation abnormalities in beta (β) thalassemia major patients who have been multi transfused. Methods: This observational study was conducted at Department of Haematology & Transfusion Medicine, Children hospital & University of Child Health Sciences (CH&UCHS), Lahore, from October 2022 to January 2023. The study included 60 β-thalassemic patient, age less than 16 years whose samples were compared with upper and lower normal value as regards to Prothrombin Time (PT), Active Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Protein S, Protein C, liver enzymes (Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT).  The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Results: When values were compared, natural clotting inhibitors (Protein S, Protein C) were remarkably reduced in β-thalassemic paeds patients (p<0.001).PT and APTT were prolonged in thalassemic children (p>0.05 and p<0.05 correspondingly). There was substantial increase in concentrations of ALT and AST in β-thalassemic patients (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively) due to iron over load by multiple transfusions.  Conclusions: Marked changes in coagulation inhibition supporting thrombotic tendency was observed in thalassemic children. There were reduced levels of protein C and protein S, independent of slightly prolonged PT and APTT and elevated levels of ALT, AST with normal GGT in thalassemic children.
Parents’ Spirituality, Parenting Practices and Disruptive Behaviour Disorders among Pakistani Children
Authors: Iqbal Sameena , Loona Mamoona Ismail
Published: October 2023

This study looked at the relationship between parent’s spirituality, parenting practices and the growth of Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) in Children. Objectives: To assess the relationship between Parents’ Spirituality, Parenting Practices and Disruptive Behavior Disorder. To find out gender differences on parents ‘spirituality scale and DBD rating Scale. Methods: 500 Pakistani children aged 7 to 11 who were subjected to standardized screening procedures for disruptive behaviour disorders made up the sample. The sample was collected from Islamabad and Rawalpindi public and private schools. Using the Spirituality Scale, the spirituality of the parents was assessed. Parenting styles based on self-report and disruptive behaviours based on parent/teacher reports were the outcome variables. Results: The study's results revealed a noteworthy positive association between DBD and parenting practices while a significant negative association was found between parents' spirituality and their parenting practices which indicates that parents who exhibit a heightened level of spirituality are less likely to use ineffective parenting practices resulting in better management of disruptive behavior problems among their children. Children in private schools have less behavioral issues than those in public schools. Additional research shows that boys are more likely than girls to have DBD. Conclusions: Disruptive behavior disorders are linked to the spirituality of the parents as well as the parenting styles they use to discipline their kids. The study's targeted constructs may help in the early detection, prevention, and management of disruptive behavior disorders.
Phytochemicals and Therapeutic Potential of Pomegranate
Authors: Niazi Madiha Khan , Maooz Awan Muhammad Usama , Fatima Tahira , Hameed Adeela , Sohail Zuha , Imran Sahar , Noor Talha , Hassan Farooq , Ismail Muhammad Amjed , Aamir Zeerak
Published: October 2023

A significant source of polyphenolic chemicals is the pomegranate (Punica granatum). Due to the several pharmacological functions attributed to its phytochemicals, it has been gaining importance. An extensive list of the phytoconstituents present in pomegranate fruits, peel, blossoms, and seeds as well as their pharmacological actions were the goals of this in-depth analysis. The flavonoids and tannins (gallotannin and ellagitannin), which are the active phytochemicals in pomegranate extract, are what give it its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, and anti-aging qualities. Pomegranate bioactive components are used industrially to create foods with additional value. Wide-ranging applications for its reducing properties in the creation of nano formulations. Its phytoconstituents may play a safer role in managing environmental contamination than the use of pesticides or other chemicals. The numerous human clinical investigations assessing its pharmacological importance have received special attention.
Quasi Experimental Study to Ascertain Link of PPI to Bone Profile in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Memon Yasra , Shaikh Imran Ali , Karim Imran
Published: October 2023

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is only acid blocking agent used for treating the disease known as gastroesophageal reflux (non-erosive), erosive esophagitis disease, dyspepsia disease and the peptic ulcer disease because of its efficacy and potency. However, overuse of it is examined an immediate result of absence of determination of need for steady treatment in many outdoor subjects Objective:  To evaluate impact of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) on bone biochemistry in young individuals of Hyderabad. Methods: The study contained 227 young individuals of age 20-45 years, it was conducted in Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad City and Medicine OPD’s of Jamshoro. The research study is undertaken using Quasi experimental study. The study duration is 6 months starting from 15th March 2020 to 15th September 2020 and sampling technique is non – probability convenience. SPSS 21 software is used to analyze the data. The post stratification chi – square test is performed at the interval of 95% confidence, besides it the P-value is observed ≤ 0.05. Results: There is no effect on serum calcium and vitamin D levels with use of proton pump inhibitor PPI. P-value was observed 0.7 for the serum calcium and the p- value for Serum Vitamin D was 0.1. Conclusions: Hence, the study showed that proton pump inhibitor PPI use for less than 6 months have no effect on bone biochemistry.
Analysis of Serum Electrolytes Variation in Onset and Progression of Preeclampsia
Authors: Mumtaz Tamseela , Shahid Sania , Mustafa Nageen
Published: October 2023

Preeclampsia is one of the most common, life-threatening complications of pregnancy that is related to maternal as well as perinatal morbidity or mortality. One of the significant causes of preeclampsia is elevated blood pressure which is directly linked with concentrations of electrolytes in the blood. Objective: To evaluate the possible variations of electrolytes in preeclamptic pregnant females. Methods: A total of 90 pregnant females of 20 to 45 years of age were divided into three groups (n=30 in each group) viz normotensive, hypertensive, and preeclamptic pregnant females. All anthropometric and biophysical variables were measured. Among biochemical parameters, serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium levels were determined using colorimetric assays while bicarbonate levels were determined by an enzymatic test using phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and a stable nicotinamide dihydrogen phosphate analogue. A comparison of serum electrolytes among different groups was executed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: Preeclamptic females had significantly higher BMI, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure than hypertensive and normotensive pregnant females (p<0.0001). Serum concentrations of sodium and calcium were significantly lower in preeclamptic pregnant females compared to hypertensive pregnant and normotensive pregnant females (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Alteration in the electrolyte levels may contribute to the onset and progression of preeclampsia. Nutritional sodium restriction along with adjuvant supplementation of Ca⁺⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, and Clˉ may minimize the risk of preeclampsia. On the basis of outcomes, it is recommended that pregnant females should eat a balanced diet that contains appropriate amounts of minerals micronutrients, and vitamins.
Assessment of Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic Style of Learning among Undergraduate Nursing Students of Sindh
Authors: Soomro Lubna , Ali Muhammad , Sohu Firdous , Mustafa Mir Ghulam , Ansari Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: October 2023

Learning styles refer to the ability of learner to perceive and process information in learning framework. Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic are modes by which students use three sensory perceptions to receive information. Objective: To assess visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning style among nursing students. Methods: Cross sectional study among students of diploma in general nursing, of nursing schools of Jacobabad and Jamshoro- conducted during May- October 2017 with sample size of 88 via simple random sampling. After the approval, the data were collected from the concerned school with their permission. Data were entered into SPSS 23.0 version in which frequency, percentages were generated and chi square were applied. Results: Eighty-eight participated in among them 52(59.1%) were from SON-LUH (Female) Jamshoro and 36(40.9%) were from SON (Male) Jacobabad. Most of the students were from 2nd and 3rd year 34(38.6%) and 36(40.9%). Auditory style of learning was at the highest among male students 36.12% whereas females were at the highest in visual style of learning 34.62%. Forty years students learnt at the highest in visual and kinesthetic style of learning 3311%. Conclusions:  Undergraduate nursing students of both gender & academic years were equally inclined towards all learning styles.
Impact of Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Authors: Zubair Anam , Rizwan Bahisht , Ajmal Hooria , Imran Sahar , Fatima Amsa
Published: October 2023

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is the most prevailing complicated gastrointestinal disorder with an approximate 11.2% global prevalence, indicating a critical need for an improved understanding of the condition. Several studies suggested that adult IBS patients' symptoms and quality of life are markedly improved by vitamin D supplementation. Objective: To analyze the impact of oral Vitamin D3 supplementation on quality of life in patients with Intestinal Bowel Syndrome. Methods: A randomized control trial (RCT) was conducted for 9 months. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to allocate 24 participants aged between 25 to 35 years and BMI of 18–25. The participants were separated into two groups, G1 and G0. G1 received 50,000 IU of vitamin D weekly for 6 weeks. Results: Before the intervention, values of IBS-QOL for G1 were estimated as 1.8±0.71 while at the end of the intervention, there was a visible improvement in the values of IBS-QoL with the mean and SD determined as 2.4±0.51. The p-value for G1 was 0.002 which shows that there were significant improvements in the G1. Conclusions: The present study concluded that vitamin D supplementation can benefit patients with IBS by adding 5000 IU of vitamin D supplementation.
English language teaching and specific learning disorders: A case study
Authors: Nisco Maria Cristina , Tafuri Francesco , Saraiello Emma , Maietta Mattia Caterina
Published: October 2023

The study of a foreign language for students with Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs) can often be a tremendous challenge, making this process extremely complex (most of the difficulties arise from spelling and lexis with major consequences for reading, writing and pronunciation). This also entails a challenge for educators and educational institutions having the task of responding to students’ needs by becoming more flexible and equipped to understand, value and adapt to the differences of their students in order to provide them with quality and inclusive education and equal learning opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to present a study conducted among university students with SLDs with the aim to identify approaches and teaching strategies to foster effective and meaningful English language learning. The underlying intention is to provide useful insight into future trends and definitions of guidelines and viable strategies in the field of education and SLDs. Therefore, 82 university students with SLDs were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (EG, n = 41) who received English lessons designed according to their individual needs and based on compensatory measures, or to a control group (CG, n = 41) who participated in conventional English lessons. Results suggest that the students who benefited from a variety of individualised supports were able to improve their foreign language skills.
Varshita Venkatesh Written-Word Workshop: A ‘no-income-to-entrepreneur’ sustainable social-entrepreneurship philanthropic construct
Authors: Venkatesh G.
Published: October 2023

The Varshita Venkatesh Written-Word Workshop set up by the author in honour and memory of his wife Varshita, who ascended to her heavenly home in January 2020, can be labelled as a ‘no-income-to-entrepreneur’ social entrepreneurship construct which knits together a swathe of different stakeholders to the ‘Varshita Venkatesh family of charitable funds’, so to say, and uncovers and creates value of different types—economic, social, spiritual, psychological and moral. It has a long way to go, in this ‘value-creating’ journey and contribute to sustainable development in its own humble way.
A comprehensive guide to the TOPSIS method for multi-criteria decision making
Authors: Madanchian Mitra , Taherdoost Hamed
Published: October 2023

One common multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique is the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), which is frequently applied in several application fields. Finding an ideal and an anti-ideal solution, which are then utilized to determine the distances between the alternatives and the ideal solution, is the foundation of the TOPSIS approach. The method then ranks the alternatives according to their closeness to the ideal solution. TOPSIS is able to handle both quantitative and qualitative criteria, however, the method can be sensitive to the weight of the criteria, and the ranking results can be influenced by the choice of the reference alternatives. This paper provides an overview of the TOPSIS method, its applications, main characteristics and limitations. The paper also provides step-by-step instructions on how to apply the TOPSIS method, including the determination of the criteria weights, the construction of the decision matrix, and the calculation of the TOPSIS scores.
The Eighth Wonder of the World in New Zealand: Seismic studies confirm the new Hochstetter paradigm
Authors: Bunn Alfred Rex
Published: October 2023

The most famous tourist attractions in the southern hemisphere, in the nineteenth century were the Pink and White Terraces—New Zealand’s lost Eighth Wonder of the World. They were assumed lost in an1886 eruption. The unpublished 2018 data from passive seismic stations across the Lake Rotomahana overflow in the Taupō Volcanic Zone are examined for evidence of acoustic interfaces that may be traced to Te Tarata, the White Terraces, the stations were coincidentally placed over the reported course of the Kaiwaka Channel buried in the 1886 Tarawera eruption. There was no seismic evidence of the Channel at the reported altitude under either the Smith-Keam or Hochstetter paradigms. This absence is strong empirical negative evidence that the Kaiwaka Channel did not flow beneath today’s Lake Rotomahana overflow, as has been assumed since 1886 under the Smith-Keam paradigm. Unlike the seismic and GPR Black Terrace Crater and Te Tuhi’s Stream (aka Black Terrace Stream) bed evidence obtained by the same 2018 survey—there is no evidence of a pre-1886 eruption paleochannel beneath today’s overflow saddle at the lake and at the Kaiwaka altitude under the 1886 Smith-Keam paradigm or the contemporary Hochstetter paradigm, the latter based upon Hochstetter’s unique terrestrial survey of the Rotomahana Basin. The study reports strong empirical evidence contradicting the assumed Kaiwaka location and with it, the assumed locations of old Lake Rotomahana and the Pink and White Terraces. The Smith-Keam paradigm is thereby confounded. The seismic data provide concomitant empirical evidence for the Rotomahana altimetry and topography reported by Bunn and Nolden, who locate the Kaiwaka Channel 440 m west of the seismic stations. The Pink and White Terraces can no longer be assumed destroyed. They may yet be explored and recovered.
Gender minority portrayal in patient simulation: transgender and non-binary healthcare providers consider the priorities and ethics of practice
Authors: Combs Ryan M. , Decker Hallie R. , Noonan Emily J. , Weingartner Laura A. , Bohnert Carrie A.
Published: October 2023

Gender minorities experience extensive health inequities. Discrimination and bias in healthcare are contributing factors. Increasingly, medical educators are utilizing patient simulation to teach gender-affirming clinical skills. However, institutional practices vary widely in case authoring, casting and training. To date, no guidance for ethical practice has been established. Gender minority healthcare providers offer an important perspective on this due to their patient simulation experience and embodied knowledge.

Transgender and non-binary healthcare providers and trainees (

Casting gender minorities in gender minority roles is the gold standard. In situations where this is not possible, participant opinion diverged on whether it is preferable to cast cisgender simulated patients or cancel the case. Participants described gender-affirming patient simulation as impactful. They noted the potential for harm to gender minority simulated patients due to repeated learner errors.

The study provides a point of reference for educators designing simulation activities. Developing gender minority case content is important and should be undertaken with care. If recruiting gender minority simulated patients proves difficult, programs should engage their local transgender and non-binary community for input on recruitment and next steps. Increasing the simulated patient-to-learner ratio, engaging gender minority simulated patients remotely and/or involving gender minorities in case development and training may be viable alternatives.
RESULTS OF THE PROJECT ON MODERNIZATION OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL SERVICES IN CENTRAL ASIA FROM 2012 TO 2023
Authors:   Corporate Fund «Regional Center of Hydrology», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Bultekov N.
Published: October 2023

Central Asia consists of five former Soviet republics: the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and the Republic of Tajikistan. The territory of Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east, and from central Siberia in the north to Afghanistan and Iran in the south. Despite having an area the size of Western Europe, Central Asia is home to only 57 million people. In 2008, the population of Central Asia accounted for 14% of the population of the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region, while the gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to only 5.0% of the GDP of the ECA region. The Central Asia Hydrometeorological Services Modernization Project (CA HMSMP) played a key role in enhancing cooperation, improving information sharing, and capacity building among the five National Hydrometeorological Services (NHMS) in Central Asia. The project has made significant progress in strengthening regional cooperation and institutional capacity of the four participating NHMSs. Through joint capacity building activities, including training of forecasters, NHMS specialists have established operational relationships for cooperation, mutual support, and recognition of regional and national benefits of data sharing. A high-level platform for the countries of the region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan) was also established to work closely together, build consensus on promising improvements, and harmonize practical aspects of weather, climate, and hydrological information services to be managed at the regional level.
OVERVIEW OF REMOTE SENSING DATA ON WAVE PROCESSES IN THE KAZAKH PART OF THE CASPIAN SEA
Authors:   Research Center of RSE «Kazhydromet», Astana, Kazakhstan, Yeltay A. , Bazarbay L. ,   Research Center of RSE «Kazhydromet», Astana, Kazakhstan, Shishkina G. ,   Research Center of RSE «Kazhydromet», Astana, Kazakhstan
Published: October 2023

The Caspian Sea is an inland body of water subject to various hydrometeorological phenomena and, in particular, wind waves. The development of observation methods and data processing currently makes it possible to study wind waves in the open water area of the sea. This paper presents a review of remote sensing data, in which the characteristics of wind waves are presented. According to RS data, the maximum wave height is observed in the Middle Caspian Sea. The highest values of the maximum wave height were observed in different periods of the year, however, in the cold period their number prevailed.
ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND REMOVALS IN KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2012...2021
Authors:   «Zhasyl Damu» JSC, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan, Yessekina A.S. , Tokpayev Z.R. , Cherednichenko A.V , Kassenov A.A. , Yermakhanova E.M. , Kassenova D.A. , Abdrakhim S.G. , Shorman A.T
Published: October 2023

An overview of national greenhouse gas emissions from Kazakhstan for 2012-2021 (the last 10 years according to the UNFCCC reporting schedule) by sector and IPCC categories is presented. The data sources and the general methodology of emissions estimation are shown. The main trends and causes of changes in greenhouse gas emissions and removals are described. The key sectors and categories responsible for the main emissions are shown. Recommendations on the implementation of Kazakhstan’s obligations under the Paris Agreement are given. It is shown that there is a certain result of the country’s efforts to reduce the total greenhouse gas emissions in the framework of achieving the NDC.