bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LAMA HARI RAWAT INAP PASIEN POST APENDIKTOMI DI RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG TAHUN 2018
Authors: Maharani Siti Afta , Erianto Mizar , Alfarisi Ringgo , Willy Joan
Published: May 2020

Appendicitis is a condition where inflammation of the appendix vermiformis occurs, in social life commonly known as appendicitis. The appendix has a length of about 6 to 9 cm, the tip is attached to the cecum and has several positions that depend on the retrosecal, pelvic, antesecal, preileal, retroileal, or right pericolic. Appendicitis is one of the causes of emergency tumors in developing countries. Appendicitis is more common in men than women compared to 1: 4, and is triggered at an average age of 10 to 30 years.To determine whether there is an influence between age, surgical site infection, and complications in post-appendectomy patients in Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung City in 2018.This type of research is Analytical Descriptive by using a cross sectional study to look at the factors that affect the length of stay of post-appendectomy patients using the Chi-Square test.The results of the analysis of the factors that influence the length of stay in post-appendectomy patients in RSUD H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung City in 2018. Age Factor From the statistical results of the Fisher Feasibility Test obtained p value = 0.002 which means less than α = 0.05, this can help a significant relationship between patients with post appendectomy, surgical wound infection factor From the statistical results of the Fisher Exact Test, the value of p = 0.017, which means it is smaller than α = 0.05, can provide a significant relationship between surgical wound infections in post-appendectomy patients and the length of stay for post-appendectomy patients. Complications Factor From the results of the Fisher exact test statistic obtained p = 0.007 which means less than α = 0.05, with this it can be agreed that there is a significant relationship between complications of post appendectomy patients with the length of stay of post appendectomy patients. Influencing age, surgical site infection, and complications of the length of stay of post-appendectomy patients in Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung City in 2018.
Analisis Potensi Think Pair Share dalam Pemberdayaan Keterampilan Metakognitif Siswa Laki-Laki dan Perempuan
Authors: Sele Yunawati
Published: May 2020

Think Pair Share (TPS) as one of cooperative learning has been reported to be potentially used in the empowerment of students’ metacognitive skills. But the report has not been linked to gender differences. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential use of TPS in the empowerment of metacognitive skills of male and female students. This study was conducted in the first semester of 2015/2016 academic year. The research subjects were the students of class X of State Senior High School 6 Malang. The instruments used were an essay test and a rubric of metacognitive skills. The data obtained were then tested for the normality and homogeneity of the data, and further analyzed using Ancova test. The analysis showed a significance value of p = 0.785 or > 0.05 which means the TPS learning has equal potential in empowering metacognitive skills of male and female students. The implementation of TPS learning can provide equal opportunities for male and female students to be involved in learning and provide the same demands to explore learning material.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Awal terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Biologi Peserta Didik Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kaledupa Kabupaten Wakatobi
Authors: Shidik Muhammad Amran
Published: May 2020

This study discusses fatherly learning about the initial ability of learning outcomes of Biology participants in grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Kaledupa. This research can help educators in preparing teaching materials for students before starting learning. This type of research used in this study is ex post facto. The population in this study were all class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Kaledupa with a total of 3 classes, while the sample was obtained by 1 class using purposive sampling. The instrument for collecting data uses test instruments for students' initial abilities as well as for learning outcomes. The results of the research show what is meant by Preliminary Principles on the learning outcomes of Biology Science VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Kaledupa. This is based on the results of hypothesis testing using simple regression analysis obtained significance value of 0.004 <0.05. Also, from a simple regression analysis table supported by an initial ability regression coefficient of 0.764 which is claimed to support every 1% of the initial ability score, the added learning outcome score is 0.764. This regression coefficient is positive, so it can be agreed that the direction of the effect of the initial ability variable on learning outcomes is positive.
¿Cuánto le cuesta la informalidad al sistema de salud colombiano?
Authors: Londoño Montoya Carolina María , Gómez Muñetón Jhoana Marcela , Celín Camargo Yennifer Ester , Restrepo Zea Jairo Humberto
Published: May 2020

El sistema de salud colombiano es de naturaleza pública y solidaria en cuanto al financiamiento, y busca la cobertura universal mediante la afiliación de la población a través de la contribución o del subsidio. Entre la población afiliada se encuentran quienes de acuerdo a sus niveles de ingresos deberían contribuir y no lo hacen, lo cual genera una pérdida que ocasiona un desequilibrio en el sistema. En este artículo se calcula la pérdida que puede experimentar el sistema cuando deja de percibir estas contribuciones, utilizando la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH) del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE), correspondiente al periodo 2008-2013. Los resultados indican que la pérdida para el año 2013 estuvo entre 2,7 y 2,9 billones de pesos colombianos, siendo los trabajadores por cuenta propia los principales causantes de la pérdida que se genera en el sistema de salud. La pérdida para el Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS) ha sido significativa, de modo que la informalidad aparte de representar un importante costo financiero, reduce la productividad de la economía.
MODERN TRENDS IN THE DESIGN OF CONCERT HALLS
Authors: Pekarchuk О. , Meteliuk М.
Published: May 2020

Changes in the engineering technologies of concert halls and the choice of finishing materials are discussed in this article. The latest developments and technologies help to enhance the acoustic properties and create a creative, contemporary interior. The acoustics of the hall need to be regulated by the degree of diffuse reflection. Finishing materials are one of the main aspects of the formation of the interior space of a concert hall. In order to ensure optimal sound conditions, special attention should be paid to the decoration of the ceiling space and sidewalls of the room. Various types of mid-to-high frequency, low frequency and wide frequency absorbers are used for this purpose.
This paper deals with the physical, mechanical and aesthetic characteristics of sound-absorbing materials and trademark designs that are presented in the Ukrainian market.
The quality of sound and light equipment and its correct placement will ensure the maximum service life of the concert hall. Depending on the three-dimensional planning solution, as well as the technical and economic characteristics of the room, you can choose the scheme of air distribution: "bottom-up", "top-down" or multi-zone scheme. It is determined that it is advisable to use infrared heaters to heat the auditoriums.
When choosing the furniture of concert halls, it is necessary to take into account the general style of the building and the color scheme of the selected finishing materials. For concert halls, it is advisable to select seats made using modern technologies: triplexing, fire barrier, options, mobility systems, sound absorption and more. The main artistic and aesthetic means of shaping the environment of the concert halls are soft and hard decorations, as well as small stuff.
The use of innovative technologies and the use of modern finishing materials increases the attendance rate of these objects and provides comfort to the viewers.
Keywords: concert hall, decoration materials, interior design, acoustics.
THE ALGORITHMS OF CONSTRUCTION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SUBUBRANIZATION DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Viatkin К. , Kamieniev О. , Pankeieva A. , Shyshkin E. , Viatkin R. , Moroz N.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the pressing issue of information support of territorial development processes. In the modern world, processes of information support of operational processes are of great relevance. Information and analytical support is the basis for making effective management decisions.
In systems of urban development, urban and territorial development, the information component aims at ensuring the realization of three factors of development: economy, ecology and social development. In the conditions of sustainable development of society all three directions are balanced. However, due to certain imbalances in the system, humanity is searching for new forms of providing a comfortable life, work and leisure. Suburbanization has become one of these forms.
Suburbanization is a trend of modern development of cities and territories in developed countries, which have high rates of socio-economic security. Suburbanisation is the process of centering the flow of people from large centers of economic gravity to the suburban area, which has the best environmental performance, which is possible in the case of ensuring the social component of human life.
The relevance of suburbanization processes has necessitated the need for research on information and analytical support for these processes. In particular, the basic elements of the model of the structure of the urban planning system were identified and the dual connections of information support of decision-making for the development of urban planning systems were analyzed. On the basis of this analysis the task of information support of town-planning systems was determined.
Based on the analysis of problems of special theory of urban planning information systems, it is proposed to develop an algorithm for information and analytical support of urban planning systems in the context of suburbanization processes. It has been determined that the automation of information support processes for urban planning systems management in today's digital society is the basis for the formation of effective urban development activities. In a three-prong urban development model that integrates issues of economy, ecology and social protection, suburbanization issues play a crucial role. The processing, analysis and evaluation of information on the development of town-planning systems make it possible to determine the leading trends and tendencies of development, as well as to predict the design of processes of town-planning activity.
Keywords: urban planning, management of urban planning systems, suburbanization, information systems
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE TWO-PHASE FLOWS PARAMETERS ON THE EROSION WEAR OF THE GAS PIPELINES BENDS
Authors: Doroshenko Ya.
Published: May 2020

CFD modeling (Computational Fluid Dynamics) Lagrangian approach (model DPM (Discrete Phase Model)) in ANSYS Fluent R19.2 Academic software complex investigates the influence of twophase gas flow velocity, size and flow rate of dispersed particles on the location and magnitude of gas pipeline bends erosion wear. The motion of the continuous phase was modeled by the solution of the Navier-Stokes equation and the continuity of the closed two-parameter k-ε turbulence model with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The motion trajectories of the dispersed particles were determined by integrating the force equations acting on each particle. The erosion wear of gas pipeline bends was modeled using the Finney equation.
The studies were performed for gas flow velocities at the inlet of the bend from 4 m/s to 19 m/s, the diameters of the dispersed particles 0.005 mm, 0.01 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm and the flow rate of the dispersed particles from 0.0002 kg/s to 0.0022 kg/s. Natural gas was selected as the continuous phase, and sand was dispersed. The geometry of each of the simulated taps and the pressure at the outlet of the bend were assumed to be the same.
The simulation results were visualized in the postprocessor software complex by constructing erosion rate velocity fields on gas pipeline bends. From the visualized results it is determined that the largest influence on the location of the erosion wear of the pipeline bends has the diameter of the dispersed particles and the least concentration. The influence of the two-phase gas flow parameters on the location of the field of their maximum erosion wear is determined. The graphical dependences of the maximum velocity of erosion wear of gas pipeline bends on each of the studied parameters of the two-phase gas stream are constructed. It has been determined that the diameter of the dispersed particles and the velocity of the gas stream have the greatest influence on the erosion wear of the erosion of the bends.
Keywords: bend, dispersed particle diameter, dispersed particle rate, dispersed phase, erosion wear, Finney equation, gas flow rate, Lagrange approach.
USE OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN SAFETY MANAGEMENT AT THE WORKPLACE OF EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITY
Authors: Danova К. , Malysheva V. , Kolybelnikova L.
Published: May 2020

The problem of safety management at the workplaces of workers with disabilities is one of the key issues when solving the problem of employment of a person with stable functional changes in his health status at the workplace in an enterprise conditions. An employer who, according to legislation, is responsible for ensuring safe work conditions at the workplace, in most cases connects the employment of a person with a disability with a possible increase of the injury level. The rational selection of the workplace, taking into account the limitations of life activity caused by human health, makes it possible to formalize this process, giving the employer the opportunity to make well-grounded decisions subject to safety requirements. The article discusses the basic principles of developing and using an artificial neural network in solving the issue of selecting a workplace for a person with a disability that may have different life-limiting, in order to reduce the degree of discrepancy between the employee's health status and specifics of work activity. Network input signals are conditioned by the life limitations of a person with disability. The output signals of the neural network are the coefficients that characterize the level of discrepancy in the employee's employment at the workplace, which is characterized mainly by physical activity, mental activity, or psycho-emotional and sensory activity.
The use of artificial neural networks is a perspective direction in managerial decision-making, particularly in the field of workplace safety for workers with disabilities. The principle of creation an artificial network allows to take into account the life limitation of a person with stable functional changes in health status, as well as to provide sufficient efficiency and flexibility of the management decision-making process, taking into account the context of production activity.
Keywords: human with disability, occupational safety, neural network, management
FORMATION OF EXPERT-STATISTICAL MODEL FOR THE PREVENTION OF EXTRAORDINARY SITUATIONS OF NATURAL AND TECHNOGENIC NATURE IN THE LIMITS OF OPERATING POSSIBILITIES
Authors: Burmenko О. , Shevchenko R.
Published: May 2020

The problem of formation of expert-statistical mathematical model of prevention of natural and man-made emergencies based on the operational capabilities of the territorial unit is considered in the work. During the study, a set of functional constraints was formed that allows to clearly define the physical field of existence of a mathematical model of emergency prevention and to parameterize the number of dependent and independent variables in analytical communication levels.
The established expert-statistical model allows to further develop a methodology for calculating operational potential and operational capacity of a territorial unit, based on the existing and forecast levels of potential danger of natural, man-made, social and military nature and take into account their mutual influence.
Expert-static mathematical model of prevention of natural and man-made emergencies within the operational capabilities of the territorial unit consists of four analytical dependencies.
The first describes the achievement of the required level of security of the territory and the population in ac-cordance with the existing ratio of potential danger from the consequences of the emergency and the operational capabilities of the territorial unit to counter it. The second establishes the dependence of the potential danger of the consequences of the NA of different nature on the time and the decision of a separate expert-analytical task to predict the potential level of danger within the functioning of the territorial unit. The third allows to determine the normalized index of operational capability in accordance with the decision of individual expert-static tasks on the assessment of operational potential and operational capacity and time for their practical implementation in the conditions of the fourth parametric dependence, which determines the time required to reach the appropriate functional level of operational capabilities of the territorial unit.
The peculiarities of this approach is the ability as a mathematical apparatus to calculate the predicted risk indicators to use already known and tested approaches, which in general will provide a high level of reliability of the end results of the use of expert-mathematical model of natural and man-made emergency prevention within the operational area within the operational area under operational conditions.
Keywords: emergency, operational potential, operational capacity, mathematical modeling
OF THE TYPES, NOMENCLATURE AND BASIC PARAMETERS OF THE DELIVERY FIRE HOSES FOR FIRE-RESCUE EQUIPMENT
Authors: Prisyajnyuk V. , Semychayevsky S. , Yakimenko M. , Osadchuk M. , Svirskiy V. , Milutin О.
Published: May 2020

The urgency of the substantiation of modern classification requirements and technical parameters to delivery fire hoses for fire-rescue equipment is given. The types, nomenclature, classification and basic parameters of layflat delivery fire hoses of domestic production and production of leading countries of the world are analyzed. The basis for ensuring the operational and tactical actions of the units of the Operational Rescue Service of the Civil Protection Service of Ukraine for the elimination of natural and man-made emergencies, including extinguishing fires and carrying out rescue operations. His technical status, ability of personnel to properly operate the equipment at his disposal depends on the efficiency and tactical capabilities of the operational and rescue units. Fire hoses are a significant component of fire fighting equipment. Among the technical means intended for the transportation of extinguishing agents to the fire cell, the main role is certainly played by delivery fire hoses. Currently in Ukraine information on the types, nomenclature, classification and basic parameters of delivery fire hoses for rescue vehicles is given in the current national standard DSTU 3810-98. Given that the requirements of the national standard DSTU 3810-98 to some extent obsolete and do not meet the practical needs of today, it is urgent to justify the current classification requirements and technical parameters to layflat delivery fire hoses for firefighting equipment. Known research reports provide research findings on the establishment of classification requirements and technical parameters for delivery fire hoses, in particular those used in conjunction with fire and rescue equipment. At the same time, these studies do not fully reflect the current experience of EU countries on the subject. In order to solve this problem, at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Civil Protection a research work is being conducted "Grounding of fire hose test methods", within which a national standard will be developed that will establish, in particular, the classification requirements parameters to the layflat delivery fire hoses for fire vehicles.
Keywords: classification, layflat delivery fire hoses, rescue equipment, technical parameters.
CREDIT MARKET DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS IN MODERN UKRAINIAN CONDITIONS
Authors: Verbytska V. , Bredikhin V.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the review of the current state, problems and directions of improving the activities of banking and microfinance organizations (MFIs) in the lending market. The methods of attracting customers to obtain loans are analyzed and the international experience of banking and non-banking organizations in the field of lending to the population is investigated. It was concluded that the economic development of the state not only implies, but also requires the development of market lending mechanisms that can not only provide banking institutions with a profit, but also ensure stable economic growth. In addition, it should be noted that there is a different focus on research in this area, as well as the lack of a unified approach to determining directions for improving lending competitiveness, and the mismatch between the chosen strategies for the real situation that has developed in Ukraine.
It has been established that the largest share in the lending market belongs to consumer loans, classic loans to individuals, when borrowed funds are taken to pay for various necessities of life. At the same time, the presence of negative trends and factors affecting the stability and stability of the banking system has been identified, which makes it necessary to study and constantly monitor the status of consumer lending in order to identify potential problems. It is stated that at present, to expand the client market of credit institutions, it is necessary not only to expand the range of items provided under credit, but also to disseminate information and promote these services on the market.
The main ways to attract customers to obtain loans and events that are actively used by credit institutions around the world are identified.
The opinion of leading experts on the need to address a number of tasks to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of borrowers in the field of consumer lending is recorded. The principles of building a hierarchical system for working with loan applications are outlined.
Keywords: lending, banking institutions, macro-financial organizations, borrower, money market, profitability, interest.
ORGANIZATION AND REGISTRATION-ANALYTICAL PROVIDING OF CALCULATIONS FROM SALARY IN SYSTEM MANAGEMENT BY COMMUNAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Kosyak A.
Published: May 2020

The problem of the use of labour resources and remuneration of labour is actual enough for today. The ques-tion of economic essence and value of "salary" and "remuneration of labour" is investigational in the article, the legislative adjusting and normatively-legal providing is considered in Ukraine of remuneration of labour, registration-analytical providing of calculations with workers from a salary in control system of communal enterprises, organization of account of calculations is investigational from a salary, forms and systems of remuneration of labour are reasonable, directions of improvement offer.
On results undertaken a study it is set that a salary is a money term of cost and cost of commodity, she serves as payment of services of labour of workers, represents socio-economic position in a national economy and stand-ard of living in society. Theoretical and practical consideration of questions about calculations from the remuneration of labour has an actual value, as a remuneration of labour is the important enough link of the system of sociallabour relations and most thorny in a decision socio-economic problem. The questions of salary are regulated by the wide enough circle of legislative and normative documents, that every workplace of accountant, accountable for a certain area account of calculations must be provided from a salary.
The major constituents of organization of remuneration of labour are setting of norms of labour, tariff setting of norms of salary, development of forms and systems of remuneration of labour.
Order of extra charge and payment of salary on communal enterprises envisaged by the Collective agreement and Statutes about the remuneration of labour. A salary depends on complication and terms of implementation of work, quality of her implementation workers, results of financially-economic activity of communal enterprises and select leaders (by proprietors) principles of the system of material stimulation of workers.
For the increase of wage level in Ukraine, to our opinion, it is necessary: to decrease the shadow sector of na-tional economy, decrease the rate of inflation, increase production (works, services) volumes, increase prices on labour force, to perfect a legislatively-normative base in Ukraine.
Keywords: a salary, remuneration of labour, organization of account, record-keeping, forms and systems of remuneration of labour, fund of remuneration of labour, is registration-analytical providing, communal enterprise
PROBLEMS OF TERRITORIAL ALIGNMENT IN INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Reshetilo V.
Published: May 2020

The problems of formation of new institutional conditions of territorial alignment in the context of the need for transition of the country to inclusive development, which requires the inclusion of all members of society in socio-economic processes and their humanization, are investigated. It has been determined that inclusive development has broader goals than GDP growth, and aims at compre-hensive human development, increasing its well-being and reducing poverty and inequality, and requires active participation in the human resource economy. It is revealed that the economic literature covers the concepts of "inclusive growth", "inclusive innovation", "inclusive development", "inclusive economy", etc. There are also many definitions of the term "inclusive develop-ment". Thus, World Bank scholars have identified: inclusive development is the sustainable rapid development of all sectors of the economy, which attracts a large part of the country's labor resources and is characterized by equal access to the labor market and resources. The priority of inclusive development is to improve the quality of life of the population through the formation of a high-employment economy and a society with a minimal separation. Achieving these goals is not possible only through the efforts of the state. They should be shifted to the regional level, but subject to effective regional policy, expansion of local authority, creation of financial conditions for innovative development of regions. The importance of strategic state regulation of regional development, which has to be systematic, indirect and advisory, needs to be clearly defined strategic goals and objectives of long-term socio-economic development, development of anti-crisis state policy, establishment of optimal ratio of all branches of power, support of regional economic security, proven implementation of fiscal and monetary policy, non-interference in the operational activities of local authorities. Such important factors as achievement of the goals of inclusive development are considered, as decentraliza-tion in management and development of regions, features of "domestic model of decentralization", formation of new institutional unit - united territorial communities and formation of their innovative structures, and directions of development of effective economic policy of the state and regions. to implement the concept of inclusive development. Keywords: territorial alignment, inclusive development, institutional transformations, decentralization in governance and development of regions, integrated territorial communities, economic policy, integrated regional programs.
EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF MANUFACTURING FUEL BRIQUETTES OF HIGH QUALITY
Authors: Polyansky О. , Dyakonov О. , Skrypnyk О. , Dyakonov V. , Buzina I.
Published: May 2020

The paper evaluates the economic efficiency of the production of fuel briquettes of high quality. The main problems of the use of waste as fuel are noted. The main research results and a method for the efficient use of polyethylene waste as an energy-saturated component and a binder in the production of solid fuels are described. The technological scheme of a pilot plant and equipment necessary for the implementation of a method for producing briquettes are presented.
As a result of improving the technology of manufacturing fuel briquettes, economic indicators were obtained for reducing the cost of electricity for grinding waste, increasing the cost of electric energy for mixing waste particles, reducing the cost of electricity, reducing the cost of electricity for drying, reducing the cost of electricity for sealed packaging.Technical and economic calculations show that the developed technology allows to reduce the time of technical cycles and reduce the technological area.
A model of a technological process with an effective sequence of technological operations and the parameters of the optimal component composition are presented. The main factors that have a significant impact on the creation of the structural composition of solid multicomponent fuel are reflected. Defects of a new fuel briquette are shown. This perspective assessment, the relevance and practical importance of solving the problem of the efficient use of polyethylene waste in the production of solid multicomponent fuel is noted. A functional diagram of a device for technologically and economically optimal microwave drying of a briquette mixture in the manufacture of fuel briquettes is presented. This scheme allows you to fully automate the drying process of the briquette mixture, to obtain high quality briquettes and have total costs for the production of fuel briquettes and for drying the briquette mixture.
Keywords: polyethylene waste, wood waste, fuel briquettes, biofuel, solid multicomponent composition.
Criterios, principios e indicadores de conectividad para la inclusividad responsable en ciencia y tecnología
Authors: Barrenechea Julieta , Ibarra Andoni
Published: May 2020

La consideración de una vertiente más responsable en la investigación en ciencia y tecnología está contribuyendo a modificar críticamente nuestra imagen de la ciencia, pasando de una concepción esencialista a otra más proyectada hacia resultados e innovaciones socialmente deseables. El concepto RRI postula, además, la necesidad de mecanismos de gobernanza en las prácticas científicas y tecnológicas. Sin embargo, no está claro en la discusión actual qué debe entenderse por deseabilidad social o por gobernanza inclusiva. Las contribuciones que tratan de operacionalizar RRI, mediante principios y criterios para su evaluación, abogan en general por una conceptualización reduccionista de la responsabilidad restringida por dimensiones prefijadas. Por el contrario, en este artículo proponemos concebir relacionalmente la responsabilidad como corresponsabilidad basada en la inclusividad de los actores societales y se ofrece un instrumento de factores, dimensiones e indicadores para la operacionalización de la inclusividad basado en la conectividad socialmente relevante. El desarrollo del instrumento se apoya en el trabajo de campo realizado en el Centro de Investigación Cooperativa CIC bioGUNE – País Vasco.
Metabolism of a subtidal rocky mussel reef in a high-temperate setting: pathways of organic C flow
Authors: Attard KM , Rodil IF , Berg P , Mogg AOM , Westerbom M , Norkko A , Glud RN
Published: May 2020

Mytilid mussels form abundant, species-rich reefs on rocky substrates, but the role of this key habitat in carbon (C) cycling remains poorly understood. We performed a seasonal study on a 5 m deep photicMytilus trossulusreef in the Central Baltic Sea to investigate pathways and rates of organic C flow. Reef gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R) were estimated seasonally using underwater O2eddy covariance on hourly and daily timescales. Photogrammetry and biotic sampling were used to quantify reef rugosity and mussel coverage, and to derive mussel filtration and biodeposition. Mussels were highly abundant, reaching ~50000 ind. m-2, and the reef structure increased the seabed surface area by 44%. GPPhourlywas up to 20 mmol O2m-2h-1and GPPdailywas up to 107 mmol O2m-2d-1, comparable to a nearby seagrass canopy. Hourly eddy fluxes responded linearly to light intensity and flow velocity, with higher velocities enhancing reef O2uptake at night. ReefRdailyexceeded GPPdailyon 12 of 13 measurement days, andRannual(29 mol O2m-2yr-1) was 3-fold larger than GPPannual. The reef sustained a productive community of microbes and fauna whose activities accounted for ~50% ofRannual. Horizontal water advection promoted food supply to the reef and likely facilitated substantial lateral C export of mussel biodeposits. Our analyses suggest that a reduction in mussel reef extent due to ongoing environmental change will have major implications for the transport and transformation of C and nutrients within the coastal Baltic Sea.
Optimasi Fungsi Multimodal Menggunakan Flower Pollination Algorithm Dengan Teknik Clustering
Authors: Karim Rahmat , Sidarto Kuntjoro Adji , Bantun Suharsono
Published: May 2020

Optimasi fungsi multimodal merupakan permasalahan yang banyak dijumpai dalam bidang teknik, sains, ilmu sosial dan ekonomi. Tujuan utama dari permasalahan multimodal adalah untuk melokalisir semua solusi yang tersedia baik optimum lokal maupun optimum global dalam sekali running. Flower Pollination Algorithm yang umum digunakan untuk optimasi global perlu dimodifikasi dan dikembangkan agar dapat menyelesaiakan tantangan dalam optimasi fungsi multimodal. Pada penelitian ini kami mengkombinasikan Flower Pollination Algorithm dengan teknik Clustering untuk mengoptimasi fungsi multimodal. Dalam uji coba terhadap 5 fungsi bencharmk multimodal yaitu Second minima, Six hump camel back, Rastrigin, Vincent dan Shubert diperoleh hasil bahwa metode yang disusulkan (FPAC) sukses menemukan semua solusi dari masing-masing fungsi multimodal dalam sekali running baik untuk kasus dimensi rendah maupun dimensi tinggi.
More's History of King Richard III: Bilingual Writing and Renovation of Historiography
Authors: Navaud Guillaume
Published: May 2020

Why did Thomas More write two versions of his History of King Richard III, one in English and the other in Latin? Critics tend to answer this question by arguing that the two versions were not destined for the same audience: the Latin for a continental elite, the vernacular for a larger British readership. Although perfectly convincing, this explanation may not be the only one: this paper tries to underline the existence of another motivation, one of a literary nature. The History of King Richard III indeed combines two historiographical models: the ancient and classical monograph as illustrated by Sallust, and the medieval tradition of the chronicle. The oscillation between English and Latin may reflect More's wish to renovate the genre of the medieval chronicle, accomplished by an hybridization with classical Latin models—as if More attempted to grasp the best of both traditions in order to initiate a new means of writing history.
Cross-national analysis of global security discourse using word embeddings
Authors: Sakamoto Takuto
Published: May 2020

This study conducts a systematic investigation of discursive dynamics in the context of policy deliberations on international peace and security, by performing cutting-edge text analysis on the entire body of meeting records of the Security Council of the United Nations for the past quarter of a century (1994-2019). Focusing on one of the most consequential notions for the council’s policy-making, "threat to the peace," it employs an unsupervised machine learning model, broadly termed "word embedding," to analyze how this notion has been discussed by relevant members of the council, especially its five permanent members, during the period under investigation. The study reveals persistent patterns of cross-national convergence and divergence in security discourse, including, most notably, a considerable degree of correlation in how to conceive international threats found between the close-knit Western allies in the council and their Russian counterpart.
Disassembling and Reassembling a Sports Talent
Authors: Olesen Jesper Stilling , Nielsen Jens Christian , Søndergaard Dorte Marie
Published: May 2020

This article is rooted in an understanding of talent as something you do rather than something you either are or have. Talent is hereby seen as a phenomenon that comes into being through actions, rather than as an individualized, inherent capacity. Our perspective is informed by new materialist concepts that analyse talent development as an assemblage. Based on a case study focusing on Jamie, an injured badminton player, we argue that talent development produces a number of affects: it translates potential into a singular talent; it enables the conversion of talent into expertise; it turns doubt into belief; and it impedes other ways of coming into being for the athlete under development. The study provides insight into the micropolitics of talent development and into the ontological, pedagogical and ethical implications for the athlete and all the other actors entangled in a talent assemblage.
Germination Patterns in Seeds Produced in Apical and Basal Fruits of Two Thlaspi arvense Populations
Authors: Edo-Tena Eva , Gesch Russ W. , Royo-Esnal Aritz
Published: May 2020

The aim of the present work is to study possible differences in the germination behavior of apical and basal seeds (produced in the upper and lower fruits of the infruitescence), of two populations of field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense), both produced in a Mediterranean and a continental temperate climate. The results showed that among the three studied factors (population, seed type, production site), only the production site was relevant for the total germination, germinating those produced in Morris in a greater amount than those produced in Lleida. Germination models could be applied only to seeds produced at Morris (>10% germination), and despite the lack of differences in the total germination percentage, germination rates (speed—b parameter—and time to 50% germination—G50) differed between population and seed types—apical seeds from the Spanish population germinated faster (lower b parameter) than the rest, while apical seeds of both populations germinated faster than the corresponding basal seeds (lower G50). The results show, on the one hand, the importance of the seed production site if this species was considered as a commercial oilseed crop and, on the other hand, differences that will help seed selection for seed germination and establishment improvement of pennycress.
Special Issue on Quantum Optics for Fundamental Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Genovese Marco , Gramegna Marco
Published: May 2020

With the last turn of the century, physics has experienced the transition from the first to the second quantum revolution [...]
A Novel Capsule Network Based on Wide Convolution and Multi-Scale Convolution for Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Yu , Ning Dejun , Feng Songlin
Published: May 2020

In the prognostics health management (PHM) of rotating machinery, the accurate identification of bearing fault is critical. In recent years, various deep learning methods can well identify bearing fault based on monitoring data. However, facing changing operating conditions and noise pollution, the accuracy of these algorithms decreases significantly, which makes the algorithms difficult in practical applications. To solve this problem, a novel capsule network based on wide convolution and multi-scale convolution (WMSCCN) is proposed for fault diagnosis. The proposed WMSCCN algorithm takes one-dimensional vibration signal as an input and no additional manual processing is required. In addition, the adaptive batch normalization (AdaBN) algorithm is introduced to further enhance the adaptability of WMSCCN under noise pollution and load changes. On generalization experiments under different loads, the proposed WMSCCN and WMSCCN-AdaBN algorithms achieve average accuracy rates of 96.44% and 97.44%, respectively, which is superior to other advanced algorithms. In the noise resistance experiment, the proposed WMSCCN-AdaBN can maintain a 92.3% diagnostic accuracy in a strong noise environment with a signal to noise ratio (SNR) = −4 dB, showing a very strong anti-noise ability. When the SNR exceeds 4 dB, the accuracy reaches 100%, indicating that the proposed algorithm has a very good accuracy at low noise levels. Two experiments have effectively verified the validity and generalizability of the proposed model.
Dual Photonic–Phononic Crystal Slot Nanobeam with Gradient Cavity for Liquid Sensing
Authors: Huang Nan-Nong , Chung Yi-Cheng , Chiu Hsiao-Ting , Hsu Jin-Chen , Lin Yu-Feng , Kuo Chien-Ting , Chang Yu-Wen , Chen Chun-Yu , Lin Tzy-Rong
Published: May 2020

A dual photonic–phononic crystal slot nanobeam with a gradient cavity for liquid sensing is proposed and analyzed using the finite-element method. Based on the photonic and phononic crystals with mode bandgaps, both optical and acoustic waves can be confined within the slot and holes to enhance interactions between sound/light and analyte solution. The incorporation of a gradient cavity can further concentrate energy in the cavity and reduce energy loss by avoiding abrupt changes in lattices. The newly designed sensor is aimed at determining both the refractive index and sound velocity of the analyte solution by utilizing optical and acoustic waves. The effect of the cavity gradient on the optical sensing performance of the nanobeam is thoroughly examined. By optimizing the design of the gradient cavity, the photonic–phononic sensor has significant sensing performances on the test of glucose solutions. The currently proposed device provides both optical and acoustic detections. The analyte can be cross-examined, which consequently will reduce the sample sensing uncertainty and increase the sensing precision.
Storage Space Allocation Strategy for Digital Data with Message Importance
Authors: Liu Shanyun , She Rui , Zhu Zheqi , Fan Pingyi
Published: May 2020

This paper mainly focuses on the problem of lossy compression storage based on the data value that represents the subjective assessment of users when the storage size is still not enough after the conventional lossless data compression. To this end, we transform this problem to an optimization, which pursues the least importance-weighted reconstruction error in data reconstruction within limited total storage size, where the importance is adopted to characterize the data value from the viewpoint of users. Based on it, this paper puts forward an optimal allocation strategy in the storage of digital data by the exponential distortion measurement, which can make rational use of all the storage space. In fact, the theoretical results show that it is a kind of restrictive water-filling. It also characterizes the trade-off between the relative weighted reconstruction error and the available storage size. Consequently, if a relatively small part of total data value is allowed to lose, this strategy will improve the performance of data compression. Furthermore, this paper also presents that both the users’ preferences and the special characteristics of data distribution can trigger the small-probability event scenarios where only a fraction of data can cover the vast majority of users’ interests. Whether it is for one of the reasons above, the data with highly clustered message importance is beneficial to compression storage. In contrast, from the perspective of optimal storage space allocation based on data value, the data with a uniform information distribution is incompressible, which is consistent with that in the information theory.
Comparative Study of Control Strategies for Stabilization and Performance Improvement of DC Microgrids with a CPL Connected
Authors: de Bessa Isaías V. , de Medeiros Renan L. P. , Bessa Iury , Ayres Junior Florindo A. C. , de Menezes Alessandra R. , Torres Gustavo M. , Chaves Filho João Edgar
Published: May 2020

The DC microgrid system is composed by converters that operate like feeders and loads. Among these loads, we highlight the constant power loads (CPLs) that may cause instability in the microgrid, observed in the form of undesired oscillations due to its negative impedance behavior. Therefore, this work proposes to use performance indices and stability margins to evaluate state and output feedback control strategies for stabilization of DC microgrids. In particular, it is proposed to evaluate the stability margin of the proposed methodologies by means of the impedance relations in the microgrid based on the Middlebrook criterion. Our simulations and tests showed the relation between the performance and stability degradation and the microgrid impedances variation.
Commercial Biogas Plants: Lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Havrysh Valerii , Kalinichenko Antonina , Mentel Grzegorz , Olejarz Tadeusz
Published: May 2020

Ukraine has enough biomass resources for biogas production. However, this energy potential is not used sufficiently. This research is aimed at examining the current experience of commercial biogas systems in the Europe Union and its adaptation for Ukraine. Special attention was paid to economic indicators, such as specific investment costs, production costs (biogas, biomethane, and electricity), and incentives. Using statistical data for the European Union and Ukraine, the biogas potential for Ukraine (based on European experience) was determined. The economic competitiveness of biogas production was evaluated compared to alternatives, such as photovoltaic, wind power, biomass, conventional fuels, and liquid biofuels. The results showed that biogas complexes have higher specific investment costs and produce more expensive electricity. It was highlighted that agricultural residues and industrial waste are sustainable feedstocks for biogas systems. A perspective biogas plant is a plant that is an integrated part of the circular bioeconomy that is based on organic residues. Biomethane production (as a substitution for vehicle fuel) combined with capture and utilization of carbon dioxide is a more profitable pathway. Awareness and perception of the importance of biogas are key factors for the development of the biogas industry. To develop an effective strategy for the biogas industry, it is necessary to create a positive image in order to raise awareness and knowledge of biogas technologies.
Passenger Travel Patterns and Behavior Analysis of Long-Term Staying in Subway System by Massive Smart Card Data
Authors: Xue Gang , Gong Daqing , Zhang Jianhai , Zhang Peng , Tai Qimin
Published: May 2020

Due to the massive congestion in ground transportation in Beijing, underground rail transit has gradually become the main mode of travel for residents of large urban areas. Because the average daily traffic of the Beijing subway is over 12 million passengers, ensuring the safety of underground rail transit is particularly important. Big data shows that more than 4000 passengers participate in Long-term Stay in the Subway every day. However, the behaviors of these passengers have not been characterized. This paper proposes a method for identifying the Long-term Staying in Subway System (LSSS) in the subway based on the shortest path and analyze its travel mode. In combination with the past research of scholars, we try to quantify the suspected behavior with a database of assumed suspected behavior records. Finally, we extract the spatial-temporal travel characteristics of passengers and we propose a SAE-DNN algorithm to identify suspected anomalies; the accuracy of the training set can reach 95.7%, and the accuracy of the test set can also reach 93.5%, which provides a reference for the subway operators and the public security system.