bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE AREA OF SUSTAINABLE COMBUSTION OF NATURAL GAS WITH AIR
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Shilova Alyona , Bachev Nikolay ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Bulbovich Roman ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: December 2021

One of the rational ways of creating low-emission combustion chambers is the organization of low-temperature lean combustion with external heating of the components before they are fed into the combustion chamber. When organizing lowtemperature lean combustion with large excess air ratios, problems may arise with ensuring a stable position of the flame front. Combustion stability to a large extent depends on the ratio of the average flow rate and the rate of turbulent combustion. The rate of turbulent combustion depends on the composition, pressure and temperature of the components supply and the degree of turbulence in the combustion chamber. The average flow rate depends on the excess air ratio (oxidizer and fuel consumption) and the geometric dimensions of the chamber. Earlier it was shown that when developing a low-emission combustion chamber with low-temperature lean combustion, it is advantageous to use the relative flow rate as a generalized characteristic of the intra-chamber process, which takes into account the consumption, geometric and thermodynamic parameters in the combustion chamber. This work is devoted to the analysis of stable combustion of a fuel composition natural gas + air based on the experimental data available in the public domain by the authors from the University of Michigan (USA). With the help of the methods developed by the authors, the experimental data on the limiting feed rates of the components into the atmospheric burner were processed. The limiting flow rates of air and natural gas, the limiting values of the excess air ratio, the longitudinal values of the speed of the fuel-air mixture and the limiting values of the relative flow rate are obtained and analyzed. Areas of stable combustion by the listed parameters at different degrees of air swirl are graphically presented.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF SCALE AND SHAPE PARAMETERS OF DROPLET-SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN AIR-ASSISTED ATOMIZER
Authors:   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Mingalev Stanislav , Khudyakov Dmitry ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the development of approach to study the atomization in an air-assisted atomizer by the volume- of-fluid method. Received through the simulations in the axisymmetric swirl approximation, the ligament-size distributions were approximated by the translated Weibull distribution, which is determined by the scale, shape and location parameters. The dependences of the latter two parameters on the surface tension, viscosity, density and flow rate of the atomized liquid are a subject of this research. Since the problem hasn’t been well studied before, there is no convenient approach to determine the location parameter and as a result, we use two ways to find it. The first one is by changing the parameters of the translated Weibull distribution with aim to fit the ligament-size distribution as best as possible. The second one is by equating the location parameter to the minimal ligament size where the ligament-size distribution is zero. The choice of the approach not only changes values of the parameters, but also leads to appearance or disappearance of the dependence of the location parameter on the properties of the atomized liquid. Nevertheless, if the very weak decrease of the shape parameter on the surface tension is neglected, this parameter of the Weibull distribution doesn’t depend on the parameters of the liquid. Moreover, this conclusion is the same for both approach to determine the location parameter.
VALIDATION OF THE TURBULENCE MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE THERMAL STATE OF GAS TURBINE BLADES
Authors:   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”, Gaskarov Aleksandr , Piskunov Stanislav ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Popov Denis ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sendyurev Stanislav ,   JSC “UEC-Aviadvigatel”,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: December 2021

When designing a turbojet engine, special attention is paid to reducing the cost of its life cycle, a significant part of which is associated with engine repair. The cost of replacing the cooled blades of a high-pressure turbine can reach 50 % of the total cost of repairing the engine, so the problem of creating reliable and durable cooled blades is very relevant. The solution of this problem is impossible without the creation of a methodology that allows to obtain reliable prediction of the thermal state of the blades. The problem of predicting the efficiency of convective and film cooling by means of computational fluid dynamics is investigated. A study of grid independence was carried out. The results of numerical simulation of film and convective cooling are compared with the experimental data. It is shown that the SST model is capable of predicting the characteristics of convective and film cooling with acceptable accuracy.
OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH IN THE DESIGN OF AIRCRAFT HYDRAULIC AUTOMATION DEVICES
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Petrov Pavel , Tselischev Vladimir ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Kuderko Dmitry ,   JSC “Technodinamika”
Published: December 2021

The article proposes a new direction of rationalization of the numerical study of complex hydromechanical devices for automation of control systems, associated with the use of methods of object-oriented technologies (OOT). As is known, simple linear methods are poorly suited for the practical design of technical devices. The static characteristics here are nonlinear, the form and even the content of the models depend on the parameters of the mode, the links can interact with each other (from the permutation of non-linear links – the result can be different), etc. The ideal solution for the synthesis of such systems would be to create complete libraries of elements with the subsequent generation of systems according to certain rules. However, a direct synthesis of nonlinear systems from initial structures is apparently not realistic. Taking into account a large number of factors and phenomena often leads to “tuning” the model to the characteristics of a particular drive, and not to an increase in the accuracy of modeling the hydraulic drive under consideration. To solve specific problems, a certain simplification of the model is permissible, which makes it possible to obtain the desired result with lower computational costs. Compared to traditional methods, the object-oriented classification of hydromechanical devices favorably facilitates the design process, since it becomes possible to flexibly take into account many factors and further study them, as well as solve multi-parameter problems. The concept of standardization in this case is vague: we mean a clear hierarchy of models, the same designations, dimensions, etc., which makes the models the same in form, leaving them unique in essence. Knowing the properties and characteristics of the main elements of the aircraft hydroautomatics systems that make up the synthesized system, it is possible to design systems with predictable properties in advance. In the general case, the problem of selection is reduced to the determination of the parameters according to the corresponding model, provided that the requirements and restrictions are met at this stage.
DESIGN OF THE MOUNTING BRACKET FOR THE OPTICAL SOLAR SENSOR OF THE SPACECRAFT USING TOPOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Shaposhnikov Sergey , Kishov Yevgeny ,   Samara National Research University, Zimnyakova Lyubov ,   Samara National Research University
Published: December 2021

Object of the research is a bracket of solar sensor mounting of spacecraft. Goal of the research is to reduce mass of the spacecraft bracket subject to strength and thermal resistance considerations. Mass reduction is carried using topology optimization based on SIMP-material model (Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization). Optimization problem statement is compliance(or strain energy) minimization subject to volume constraint. For strength and thermal analysis finite element method is used implemented in Ansys Workbench 18.2 software. As result of topology optimization, a material distribution data inside a design domain is obtained for different volume fractions. Based on that result new CAD-model has been developed using Siemens NX software which taking into account manufacturing constraints and providing manufacturing of the designed part using machining. Structural analysis performed for two load cases corresponds to launch regime and maximum lateral acceleration has shown that optimized structure has sufficient strength. Thermal analysis performed in Steady State Thermal software module has shown that thermal resistance requirement also met. As result of proposed research bracket mass reduction of 2.5 times has been achieved. Directions of future work has been outlined. Improvement of proposed method may consist from incorporating of coupled thermal-structure analysis into topology optimization process.
GAS INFLUENCE IN GAPS OF LABYRINTH SEALS ON THE ROTOR DYNAMIC STATE
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Modorskii Vladimir , Cherepanov Ivan ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Babushkina Anna ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: December 2021

When transporting natural gas over long distances, it is necessary to build gas compressor stations that compensate for the gas energy losses due to friction. The uninterrupted supply of natural gas to consumers depends on their reliability. Current trends in increasing power with a simultaneous decrease structure stiffness leads to the occurrence of previously unpredictable oscillations of the compressor rotor. The article describes the main causes of compressor rotor vibrations and some methods of dealing with them. Due to the limitations of the considered phenomena with this methods, the article proposes the use multiphysics modeling of gas and structure interaction using the 2FSI approach. Simulation performed for a simplified labyrinthseal compressor rotor model. To solve the problem, the ANSYS software product was chosen, which implements the 2FSI method. The calculations were carried out on a high-performance computing complex PNRPU. For the model structure, an analysis of natural frequencies is performed and a Campbell diagram is constructed. The trajectories analysis of a point on shaft rotation axis at different rotation frequencies of the rotor is carried out. The influence of the imbalance on the dynamics of the system is noted. Further, the results of numerical modeling of the structure taking into account gas dynamics are presented and the results comparison by dynamic modeling of the structure is carried out. To identify the factors influencing the rotor dynamics, taking into account gas dynamics, numerical calculations were carried out with various options for taking into account the effect of gravity and imbalance.
The Influence of Storage in Saline or Irradiation by Ultraviolet on Surface Hydrophilicity of Implant and Osseointegration: An Experimental Study in Rabbits
Authors: Zhu Yuhao , Xu Antian , Zhou Chuan , Wu Yefeng , Lin Guofen , He Fuming
Published: December 2021

Storage in aqueous solution or ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can retain or regain the hydrophilicity of titanium implant surface. In this study, 3 types of commercial titanium implants were used: ZBL (ZDI Bone Level), CEL (C-tech Esthetic Line), and modSLA (Straumann SLActive). ZBL and CEL implants were treated with UV irradiation for 4 hours. Surface characterization of the 4 groups (ZBL, ZBL-UV, CEL-UV, and modSLA) was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements. The in vivo bone response was evaluated by removal torque (RTQ) tests and histomorphometric analysis at 3, 6, and 12 weeks postimplantation. A total of 144 implants and 36 rabbits were used for experiments according to a previously established randomization sequence. The ZBL-UV, CEL-UV, and modSLA groups were hydrophilic, and nanostructures were observed on the modSLA implant surface. ModSLA achieved better RTQ value than ZBL at 12 weeks (P < .05). For histomorphometric analysis, ZBL-UV and CEL-UV implants showed higher bone area values in the cancellous bone zone at 6 weeks than did modSLA and ZBL implants (P < .05). In the cortical bone zone, all groups showed comparable bone-to-implant contact at all healing time points (P > .05). Both storage in saline and UV irradiation could retain or provoke hydrophilic surfaces and improve osseointegration. Compared with storage in saline, UV irradiation displayed slight advantages in promoting new bone formation in cancellous bone zone at an early stage.
CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE GEOMETRY OF THE SLOPE SPOIL PROFILATION WITH THE CPU TILLER WITH OLAC WORKING BODY
Authors: Cârdei P. , Co?a C. , Muraru V.
Published: December 2021

The detachment and the transport of the sediments on the slope soil surface are caused by the water in the many cases, rain spray or dispersion or concentrated water rills. The development of these mechanical processes is also influenced by the factors which can be modified by the human intervention. In aim to disproof the slope soil erosion are necessary a lot of anti-erosion actions, for example the retention or conducted evacuation of the water. There is well known the location of the row crops oriented along of the level curve of the slope, but these actions are not enough for a good reducing of the erosion phenomena. For this reason is proposed another procedure, which made a soil profiling shapes. This procedure is applied using farm machinery which can profile the slope soil in the necessary shapes: billons between the crop rows and billons on the crop rows, simultaneous which other agricultural operations. In this paper is shown an analysis of the soil crisping (soil transversal shape) influence about the soil erosion. There are used erosion mathematical models based on USLE original model, which is included in the complex

software programs.
THE JIU VALLEY HOLLOW ENVIRONMENT – PROBLEM OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Mur?rita I. , Ciupeanu Daniela , Tuc? O.
Published: December 2021

The sustainable development suppose satisfying the necessities and the expectations of the present without compromising the chances for survive the future generations, in the conditions that the economic growth and preserving of a clean environment must be sustained reciprocal. In this general frame, the authors desire to present o series of solutions of the environmental crisis from Jiu Valley hollow. After emphasizing the existing of a general crisis in the area, European settlements and environmental co-ordinates from Jiu Valley are being analyzed. The creation of a clean environment in the region supposes a correlative set of strategic actions. Reckoned on internal and external settlements, as well as on other specialty studies, a series of environmental improving objectives are being formulated.
REGARDING THE USE OF THE LEXIN ECOLOGICAL, BIOGENETICAL HEATING TECHNOLOGY TYPE IN ROMANIA
Authors: Coman Mirela , Oros V. , F?l?us Bianca , Chinta O. , Achim M.
Published: December 2021

The work presents the results obtained in the frame of an applicative research contract upon the use of ecological, biogenetic heating technology of Lexin kind, in consideration of using it in Romania in different domains of activity.

For the climatic conditions of our country, we proposed and perform a measurement program in the following fields: electric expenditure, climatic and micro-climatic, microbial loading of air, effects over plants, effects over pets and prolusions over general health and comfort status of human being. In this work we present the results obtained above the micro-climate measurements (temperature, relative air humidity, microbial loading of air), and effects over soil over from the room in which we used this type of heating system.

In the rely of these researches we are in right to affirm that the Lexin heating technology has benefic effects over preserving the homogeneity of the micro-climate conditions, over growth of plants and assures an easily growth of hygiene of medium in which this technology act.
SOIL POLLUTION WITH HEAVY METALS IN CRITICAL AREAS
Authors: Constantinescu Laura
Published: December 2021

This paper presents some aspects of the heavy metals soil pollution in the critical areas established by the Romanian Ministry of Waters, Forests and Environmental Protection. This inventory has been sent to the European Commission Delegation and presents the critical areas in Romania with regard to the atmospheric pollution, water pollution and soil pollution.
A STUDY ON LIFE QUALITY IN THE RURAL AREA
Authors: Mateoc Sîrb Nicoleta , Mateoc T. , Seulean Victoria , Darvasi Doina , M?nescu Camelia
Published: December 2021

Though in the developed economies there is a trend to remove differences between rural and urban from the points of view of accommodation, infrastructure development, and ensuring services necessary for the population, which has resulted in a loss of significance of the traditional perception of the rural area as underdeveloped area, in Romania there is still a major discrepancy between rural and urban which is not beneficial for the Romanian rural area.

Starting from these premises, we think that an analysis of the life quality in the Romanian rural area is opportune, taking into account that in the 12,946 villages of present Romania live over 45% (about 9.7 million inhabitants) of Romania’s population in conditions unbelievable for the 21st century and for the 3rd millennium when science and technology are very advanced worldwide in all the fields of activity; this is also the time in which globalisation as a phenomenon resulted in economic integration both regionally and worldwide as a result

of the large-scale promotion of information technologies (e.g. the Internet), of the removal of artificial barriers from the circulation of goods, services, capital, knowledge, and people.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES INVOLVED IN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Authors: Odagiu Antonia , Oroian I. , Iederan C. , Burduhos P. , Pusta Dana , Balint Claudia
Published: December 2021

A short review of the main molecular methods recently involved in monitoring

environmental pollution is the aim of our aper. The elimination of a wide range of pollutants and wastes from the

environment is an absolute requirement to promote a sustainable development of our society with low environmental impact. New methodological breakthroughs in sequencing, genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics and imaging are producing vast amounts of information. Functional genomic and metagenomic approaches will

increase our understanding of the relative importance of different pathways and regulatory networks to carbon

flux in particular environments and for particular compounds, and they will certainly accelerate the development of bioremediation technologies and biotransformation processes. Tools for in situ monitoring of environmental pollutants are destined for both aims providing early warning systems and conceiving more efficient and less expensive remediation treatments.
Good agricultural and environmental condition of agricultural land: cross compliance of the new EU policy
Authors: Carlier Lucien , Rotar Ioan , Vlahova Mariana , Vidican Roxana , Atanassov A.
Published: December 2021

the main goal of the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is enhancing the competitiveness of the Community agriculture and promoting food quality and environment standards. Therefore it is necessary to complete the shift from production support to producer support by introducing a system of decoupled income support for each farm. The farmer, receiving direct payments (“single payment”), has to respect the statutory management requirements, published in 18 Directives and Regulations in the areas: public, animal and plant health, environment and animal welfare (“cross compliance”). In order to avoid the abandonment of agricultural land and ensure that it is maintained in good agricultural and environmental condition, standards for soil erosion, soil organic matter, soil structure and minimum level of maintenance should be established. It is therefore appropriate to establish a Community framework within which the Member States discuss a common policy, adopting standards taking account of the specific characteristics of the areas concerned, including soil and climatic conditions and existing farming systems (land use, crop rotation, farming practices) and farm structures
Non-Linear Employment Effects of Tax Policy
Authors: Ferraro Domenico , Fiori Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

We study the non-linear propagation mechanism of tax policy in a heterogeneous agent equilibrium business cycle model with search frictions in the labor market and an extensive margin of employment adjustment. The model exhibits endogenous job destruction and endogenous hiring standards in the form of occasionally-binding zero-surplus constraints. After parameterizing the model using U.S. data, we find that the dynamic response of employment to a temporary change in the labor income tax is highly non-linear, displaying sizable asymmetries and state-dependence. Notably, the response to a tax rate cut is at least twice as large in a recession as in an expansion.
ALEXANDER GUCHKOV’S RESIGNATION IN SATIRE AND CARTOONS IN MAY 1917
Authors:   State Academic University of the Humanities, Khvalin T. A.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the cartoons and satirical works published in May 1917 that mentioned Alexander Guchkov and his resignation from the post of war minister. The scrutiny of materials from specialized satirical publications has enabled the author to conclude that the highly popular satire magazines Pugach, Novy Satirikon, Trepach, Baraban, and Strekoza refrained from mocking Guchkov, his resignation and his political position, although many newspapers – and particularly the pro-Socialist ones – passed highly acerbic comments on the former war minister. Even if they mentioned him, they viewed him a neutral emblem of the epoch, a definite stage of revolutionary development rather than an object of satirizing. Only the magazines Bich and Budilnik offered an excited reaction to the resignation of the Provisional Government’s first defense minister. Their authors compared Guchkov with Napoleon and with more notorious personalities associated then with ‘dark forces’ and the ‘old regime’. In May 1917, Guchkov was also mentioned in the satirical works published by the Bolshevist press where he was portrayed as a personage, cooperation with which would defame the Socialists, who were more moderate than the Bolsheviks and their allies. Thus, the leftist newspapers, opposing the coalition cabinet and the Socialists’ participation in the Provisional Government, drew a parallel between the actual political situation of May 1917 and the engagement of some Mensheviks in the activity of war industry committees. By that time, Guchkov, the leader of those committees, was viewed as a potential helmsman of a counterrevolutionary revolt of the bourgeoisie not only by the Bolsheviks, but also by many of their opponents among the Socialists.
COMMENT: THE UTILITY OF «CELEBRITY»
Authors:   Department of History, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Randolph J.
Published: December 2021

Replying to the two contributions in this special issue, this commentary considers the work “celebrity” can do as a concept and topic of inquiry for historians of Russia. The author compares and contrasts “celebrity” (as an angle of vision) with investigations the formation of “public” and “private” life in 19th century Russia. He underlines two uses of the concept: 1) as a reminder of continuities and instabilities that link modern forms of fame with pre-modern systems of reputation; and 2) as a marker of global forces that were pushing beyond nationalized, institutionalized frames of public and private life. The author returns to some earlier work he has done on Russian intellectual history, to consider how discussions of “celebrity” reframe what an older literature might describe as the “making of intelligentsia traditions.” He also highlights several important conceptual contributions made by Konstantin Shneyder’s historiographical analysis, and considers what conclusions can be drawn from Matthew Klopfenstein’s reconstruction of the “operatic” death of Angiolina Bosio.
POLITICS OF MEMORY IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN AS A NON-WESTERN FORM OF HISTORICAL POLITICS (BETWEEN THE VALUES OF THE UMMAH AND THE PRINCIPLES OF NATIONALISM)
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Kyrchanoff M. W.
Published: December 2021

The author analyzes the main features and directions of the policy of historical memory in the Islamic Republic of Iran, proclaimed in the 1979. Analyzing the politics of memory in Iran, the author transplants those models of explanation and interpretation to Iranian contexts, which were originally proposed for the study of ideologically mo-tivated manipulations of history in Europe. It is assumed that the politics of memory depends on the dynamics of political and socio-economic modernization in its Islamic version. Elites actively use history and the past as symbolic resources in their attempts to legitimize regime, and the politics of memory has become one of the dimensions of Iranian political imagination, integrated into the Shia political discourse. The main forms of politically and ideologi-cally motivated manipulations with history in the Islamization contexts are presented. The author states that the Irani-an elites are active in their attempts to marginalize the Zoroastrian and pre-Islamic heritage, imagined as alien cultur-ally and anti-Islamic traditions. Therefore, the early policy of memory in Iran was radical and repressive in its nature. The author analyzes the radical forms of the politics of memory, including the destruction of historical and cultural monuments. It is assumed that political Islam and the values of the Ummah in the historical imagination of Iran be-came more important factors than Iranian ethnic nationalism. In general, the article shows the interdependence of the memorial politics of the non-secular Shia regime and Iranian nationalism, despite its marginalization. The author presumes that the politics of memory belongs to the few spheres of social and cultural life of Islamic Republic of Iran, where Iranian secular intellectuals can visualize their identity and nationalist preferences. The historical politics in Iran actualizes the peculiarities of ideological struggle of the Shia regime against the Iranian political emigration, which criticizes Islamization. The results of the politics of memory also demonstrate the significant potential of the historical experience (Iranian-Iraqi war) as a stimulus for consolidation and promotion of loyalty. Therefore, the au-thor analyzes the politics of memory as a constantly revising project, declaring the need for its further interdiscipli-nary analysis.
ANTON KARTASHEV AND THE POST-WAR REVIVAL OF THE ST. SERGIUS ORTHODOX THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE IN PARIS
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Antoshchenko A. V.
Published: December 2021

The paper reveals the role of the famous church historian Anton Kartashev in the revival of the St. Sergius Orthodox Theological Institute in Paris after the Second World War, as evidenced by the restoration of the number of students and professors. The sources for the article are published and archival materials stored in the Bahmetev Archive of Russian and East European Culture at Columbia University, USA. The research methodology is based on the principles of communication analysis of intellectual biography, considering its polycontextuality. The socio-political and professional contexts were chosen as significant ones. As a result of the study, the change in the national composition of students led to a metamorphosis of the mission of the institute, as the historian characterized it. From an educational institution where priests were trained for Russian emigrants who were forced to leave their homeland after the 1917 revolution, it turned into a pan-Orthodox educational center in Russian. The professor’s special contribution to the revival of the institute was in the search and implementation of opportunities for material and financial support of colleagues and students in the difficult post-war years and in the training of a young generation of the teachers. The article clarifies the motives for Anton Kartashev’s rejection of the actions of Metropolitan Evlogy (Georgievsky) to return Russian Orthodox parishes in Western Europe to the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate. Considering such a step reasonable, he defined it in the specific conditions of international relations (the spread of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe) and the political situation in the USSR (the enslavement of the Russian Orthodox Church by the godless state) as an act of generating new schisms among Russian emigrants.
HOLY SOURCES AND FOLK RELIGIOSITY OF THE ORTHODOX POPULATION OF THE URALS IN 1954 – 1964
Authors:   South Ural State University, Krasulina Zh. M. , Nikonova O. Yu. ,   South Ural State University,   Tyumen State University
Published: December 2021

The tradition of attributing mythological and religious meanings to natural phenomena, the formation of a ritual culture associated with trees, stones, water sources, atmospheric phenomena, etc., refers to the most ancient sacred practices of human communities. This stimulated philosophical, cultural, and anthropological studies of this phenomenon in the context of Orthodox culture, aimed at identifying the relations between pagan and Christian symbols and rituals and analyzing the problem of dual faith among the Orthodox population of Russia. Historical studies of the manifestations of folk religiosity are still at the stage of generalizing empirical material. The subject of the article is a study of folk religious practices in the historical context of Khrushchev’s anti-religious campaign. The focus of the study is on the Orthodox traditions of venerating water sources. The specificity of the approach is the analysis of the elements of folk religiosity (using the example of the veneration of “holy sources”) as a manifestation of everyday practices of adaptation and survival of believers in the USSR. Despite the banishment of religion from public space in the era of Nikita Khrushchev, belief in miracles and miraculous healings and visits to holy places were common not only among Orthodox Soviet people, but also among those who were considered “atheists”. Regional features of folk religion in the Urals were the redefinition of holy places in the multi-ethnic space of the region and the use of water sources for folk medicine in an underdeveloped health care system. For certain categories of Soviet citizens (former priests, monks and nuns, marginalized elements, etc.), the sphere of folk religiosity was a space for the realization of subjectivity, different from the “normative” one. As a result of a comparative-historical approach, it is shown that the practices of venerating holy sources in the Urals fit into the all-union framework of the phenomenon.
GENETIC AND ECOLOGICAL-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS SALINISPHAERA (CLASS GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA) ISOLATED FROM THE VERKHNEKAMSKY SALT MINER
Authors:   Perm State University, Aleev Vladislav S. , Plotnikova Elena G. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2021

5 strains of halophilic bacteria were isolated from clay deposits of brine-diverting workings and brine tanks of the mine of the Verkhnekamskoye salt deposit (Solikamsk, Perm Territory). Because of phylogenetic analysis based on a comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, it was found that the isolated cultures are members of the Salinisphaeraceae family. Three halophilic strains SHV2, RV14, and SWV1 had a similarity with the closest type strain of the Salinisphaera hydrothermalis species at the level of 95.94-96.62% (16S rRNA gene), which indicates that these strains belong to a new taxon. All isolated bacteria are halophiles: they grow at high salinity (up to 270-300 g / l NaCl).
Le soutien à la littératie en santé dans le contexte des adultes plus âgés fragiles
Authors: KERN Dominique
Published: December 2021

L’article traite la question de la Health Literacy (HL) des adultes dans la deuxième moitié de la vie. Le taux de littératie, une composante importante de la HL, est plus faible en avançant en âge. Un tiers des adultes plus âgés ne dispose pas des compétences nécessaires à la compréhension d’un texte même très simple. La question de l’amélioration de la HL par des processus d’apprentissage est posée. Les particularités des apprenants âgés sont présentées en quatre champs thématiques : l’hétérogénéité, les modifications des temporalités, l’accumulation des expériences et les modifications de la perception de soi par soi-même et par les autres. Sur cette base est problématisé le soutien à l’apprentissage que peuvent apporter les professionnels. Ils jouent des rôles élémentaires dans la prise en charge de la personne âgée en situation de fragilité. Mais ces fonctions peuvent entrer en conflit avec le rôle d’accompagnateur d’un processus d’apprentissage. Soigner n’est pas nécessairement compatible avec « soutenir un apprenant ». Pour que la médiation puisse constituer un support dans le processus d’apprentissage de la HL, un certain nombre de conditions doit être réuni. L’apomédiation peut constituer une piste de solution. Le terme décrit une nouvelle fonction dans le champ de la santé visant une médiation plus détachée entre la personne et l’information.
Vers un programme d'éducation thérapeutique pour les enfants qui grandissent auprès d'un parent malade chronique ?
Authors: MACAL Isabelle
Published: December 2021

Malade chronique, mère de deux enfants très jeunes à l’époque où la maladie a surgi dans leurs existences et actuellement Cadre Coordinatrice d’une Plateforme d’ETP et formatrice, notre réorientation professionnelle en Éducation Thérapeutique a pour origine une bifurcation de notre histoire de vie. Le choix du sujet de notre mémoire de Master, sur lequel nous avons souhaité porter notre réflexion, a été vécu de l’intérieur.
En effet, la maladie a un impact violent sur le malade, comme sur son entourage. Elle engage un vécu de la douleur, une rupture de communication, le repli sur soi et la difficulté d’expliquer et rassurer réellement ses enfants, le malade se sentant lui-même en perte totale de repères. A travers les divers témoignages de ce mémoire, on ressent le manque de prise en compte des enfants face à la maladie de leur parent, au quotidien, ce que certains expriment aujourd’hui qu’ils sont devenus jeunes adultes. L’analyse des besoins éducatifs de ce jeune public révèle l’impact de la maladie de leur parent, sur sa vie. L’accompagnement pédagogique du malade et de ses proches aidants, dans une démarche d’éducation thérapeutique, permet de cerner les attentes, les besoins de ces enfants, aidants-naturels et limiter peut-être la propagation de la perturbation à l’image des ronds dans l’eau, ceci jusque dans leur vie d’adulte.
COVID-19 Pandemi döneminde uzaktan (çevrimiçi) eğitim sürecinin öğrenciler üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi: Dicle Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi örneği
Authors: IŞIK Nursen
Published: December 2021

2019 Aralık ayında başlayan ve günümüzde devam eden Covid-19 virüsü dünyada ve ülkemizdebaşta eğitim olmak üzere birçok alanda olumsuz yönde etkisini göstermektedir. Birçok ülkedesosyal mesafe ve hareketliliğin sınırlandırılması veya azaltılması amacıyla eğitim kurumlarıkapatılmış, bu kurumlarda ivedilikle uzaktan eğitim süreci başlatılmıştır. Türkiye’de 2020 yılıMart ayında görülen ilk vaka sonrası ilk, orta ve yükseköğretim kurumları, kapatılmış bu süreçteeğitimler uzaktan (çevrimiçi) olarak verilmiştir. Ancak uygulamalı derslerde bu süreçte bazısıkıntılar yaşanmıştır. Özellikle yüksek eğitim kurumlarının uygulamalı eğitim veren bölümlerinde(tıp, diş hekimliği, hemşirelik, mimarlık, planlama, tasarım, vb.) uygulamalı derslerin uzaktan(çevrimiçi) eğitimle verilmesi öğrencilerin zorluklar yaşamasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada,uygulamalı derslerin yoğun olduğu mimarlık bölümü lisans eğitiminde uzaktan (çevrimiçi) eğitimsürecinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada örneklem olarak Dicle Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi,Mimarlık Bölümü lisans öğrencileri seçilmiştir. Uzaktan eğitimin getirdiği olumlu ve olumsuzkoşullar ile öğrencilerin bu süreç ile ilgili düşünce ve davranış biçimlerinin belirlenmesini sağlayan214 öğrencinin katıldığı bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 istatistikianaliz programında değerlendirilmiş, Ki-Kare ve Fisher-Kesin olasılık Testleri kullanılmıştır.Araştırmanın bulguları, Covid-19 Pandemisi döneminde uzaktan eğitimde, mimarlık gibiuygulamalı eğitim gerektiren bölümlerde başlangıç aşamalarında zorluklar yaşanmakla birlikte,öğrenciler ve eğitimcilerin önemli bir yeni eğitim deneyimi kazandıklarını; yüz yüze eğitimlekarşılaştırıldığında uzaktan eğitimin farklı boyutlarda avantajları ve kolaylıkları olduğunu, bunedenle eğitim-öğretim sistemine entegre edilmesinin yararlı olabileceğini; bu deneyimin tümboyutlarıyla değerlendirilmesine yönelik yeni araştırmalara da ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.
COVID-19 sürecinde kentsel açık ve yeşil alan erişilebilirliği: Uşak kenti örneği
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Fatih , BALTA Münevver Özge
Published: December 2021

Son yıllarda, kentlerde yaşanan hızlı nüfus artışı, sanayileşme, artan çevre kirliliği, yaşanan afetlerve salgınlar ile sürdürülebilir kentlere olan toplumsal ilgi ve talep artmaktadır. Bu bağlamda,sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişme hedefine ulaşmada önemli mekânsal olgulardan biri de açık veyeşil alanların rolünün ve öneminin belirlenmesi gerekliliğidir. Tüm dünyayı kısa zamanda etkisialtına alan COVID-19 sürecinin kentler üzerindeki olumsuzluklarını azaltmak ve yaşam kalitesininartırmak için güncel mekânsal değişimler tartışılmaya başlamıştır. Küresel boyutta kentlerüzerinde etkili olan COVID-19 sürecinde kentlerde açık ve yeşil alanların niteliği, yeterliliği veerişilebilirliği güncel mekânsal paradigma tartışmalarının önemli başlıkları arasında yer almıştır.Pandemi sürecinde uygulanan kısıtlamalar, yaşam çevrelerinin komşuluk ünitesi ile sınırlıkalmasına sebep olurken, erişilebilir kentsel fonksiyonlara paralel olarak açık ve yeşil alanlarınöneminin de artmasına sebep olmuştur. Pandemi sonrası açık yeşil alanların nasıl yeniden yapılanmasıgerekliliği ve yeni mekânsal önerilerin tartışılabilmesi için öncelikle kentlerdeki mevcutdurumun değerlendirilmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışma ile kentsel açık ve yeşil alan erişilebilirliklerininUşak kenti özelinde değerlendirilmesi ve çözüm önerileri sunulması amaçlanmaktadır.
COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜ VE PİYASA YOĞUNLAŞMASININ ANALİZİ
Authors: EKİM KOCAMAN Bade
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada Türk Bankacılık Sektörünün 2019:12-2020:12 dönemine ait aylık verilerinden yararlanılarak COVID-19 salgını süresince alınan kararların bankaların finansal tablolarına ve sektörün yoğunlaşmasına etkisinin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. COVID-19 salgınının bankaların mali yapısına etkisi krediler, kârlılık, sermaye ve aktif kalitesi bileşenleri çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Sektördeki yoğunlaşma analizi kapsamında Herfindal Hirschman endeksi kullanılarak 2019 yıl sonu ve 2020 yıl sonu için endeks hesaplanmış ve endekste yaşanan değişim üzerinden yorum yapılmıştır. Sonuçta, COVID-19 önlemleri ile birlikte toplam kredi hacminin arttığı ve artışta kamu sermayeli mevduat bankalarının ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür. Kamu sermayeli bankalarının piyasayı canlandırmak adına üstlendikleri görev sebebiyle kârlılık açısından diğer banka gruplarına göre olumsuz ayrıştığı ve sermaye yeterlilik rasyolarının sektör ortalamasının altında seyrettiği tespit edilmiştir. Yoğunlaşma endeksi sonuçlarına göre, COVID-19 sonrası dönemde Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe aktif payları ve kredi hacmindeki yoğunlaşma artarak kamu sermayeli mevduat bankalarının piyasadaki hakimiyeti yükselmiştir.
Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Environment
Authors: Duarte Renata Lopes , Rocha Cézar Henrique Barra , Dias Johnny de Souza
Published: December 2021

The emergence of the new coronavirus resulted in the COVID-19 pandemic, which led several countries to adopt restrictive measures, such as the lockdown. As a consequence, several changes were observed in social, commercial, industrial and environmental dynamics. Thus, the present study aimed to make a brief review of some of the main effects of the Pandemic on the environment, in different parts of the world, gathering this information in a single document. To this end, a qualitative method was adopted, in which bibliographical surveys from scientific articles were carried out, as well from articles, news and reports from reliable sources. According to the sources consulted, the impacts observed in the air were mostly positive, resulting in the reduction of the concentrations of most of the atmospheric contaminants. With regard to water resources, positive effects were detected, such as the improvement in water quality in several places in the world, as well as negative effects, portrayed in the increase of the insertion of new aquatic contaminants, of difficult synthesis, in addition to the increase of residues, harmful to the marine fauna. The increase in the volume of waste, due to the new consumption habits imposed by the Pandemic, has also shown to influence soil properties. Finally, it is possible to conclude that the health crisis is linked to the cultural habits of a society that should seek to establish more harmonious relationships with the environment.
Morphology and structure characteristics
of nanoscale carbon materials containing graphene
Authors: Belonogov Evgeny K. , Kushev Sergey B. , Soldatenko Sergey A. , Turaeva Tatiana L.
Published: December 2021

A comprehensive study of the nanostructured powders (graphite GSM-2; Taunit-M; thermally expanded graphite (TEG)) by methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy, was carried out.
The experimental XRD halo was interpreted by superimposing theoretical diffraction maxima, and an X-ray amorphous graphite phase was revealed. It was found that the X-ray amorphous phase is characterized by the limiting degree of graphite nanostructuring. From the width of the diffraction rings, the maximum sizes of graphite nanocrystals were estimated, which do not exceed 5 and 10 nm in the [0001] and [ ] directions, respectively. Carbon nanotubes and plates of turbostratic graphene were revealed. The structural and morphological parameters of the nanostructured material “Taunit-M” have been established – multi-walled nanotubes with a diameter of up to 10 nm are combined through an interlayer of X-ray amorphous carbon into flat ribbons up to 40 nm wide. Dark-field TEM images (in reflections of ) revealed moiré patterns that appear on overlapping graphene sheets due to double diffraction of the electron beam. It was found that in thermally expanded graphite, the rotation of graphene sheets ranges from 3 to 4°. Within the graphene sheets, complete dislocations with the Burgers vector b = 1/2 were revealed [1010]. The Fourier analysis of moiré images made it possible to determine the mutual orientation of graphene sheets, to reveal regions of multilayer graphene, and to identify turbostratic graphene. It is shown that the combination of RHEED, TEM, and Fourier transformations of periodic contrast of electron microscopic images is a promising approach to the analysis of the substructure and morphology of nanoscale carbon materials containing graphene and other allotropic modifications of carbon.
Involvement of major Russian corporations with the fulfilment of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals: assessment of current achievements and development opportunities
Authors: Dorofeev Mikhail L. , Kryukova Irina V.
Published: December 2021

Subject. Every 8-10 years, the global economy faces financial crises that slow down and drive back its development. The UN's Sustainable Development Goals were announced as one of the ways to smooth the cycles. Most countries are actively involved in the fulfilment of this global project. An important precondition for the transition to a sustainable development path is the participation of the corporate sector. However, under capitalism, solving such a problem is not an easy task since many items within the UN's Sustainable Development Goals are not profitable for corporations and do not contribute directly to capitalisation. In this regard, the study and search for opportunities to introduce the UN's Sustainable Development Goals into corporate practices is a very important issue which corresponds to the modern global agenda of economic development. The purpose of the study is to analyse the involvement of major Russian corporations with the achievement of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals using open data based on corporate reports. The methods of the study included the analysis and synthesis of publicly reported data, grouping and expert assessment of published information related to the topic of the UN's SDGs in the annual reports of Russian corporations. Conclusions. The study revealed positive dynamics related to the involvement of companies with the achievement of the UN's SDGs. It is more pronounced in the areas where the UN's SDGs intersect the economic interests of corporations. It was shown that there is no uniform form for information disclosure, significant differences in the volume and quality of information presented in the companies’ reporting, and no common understanding of a number of goals by corporations. According to the results, most of the work aimed at fulfilling the UN's SDGs is carried out by Russian export companies with a predominance of private investors within the structure of business ownership. State-owned companies and companies focused on the domestic market are lagging behind in their development in this direction by all indications. As a recommendation, it was proposed to develop public reporting formats and better disclose the processes related to the fulfilment of the UN's SDGs.
Географическое изучение «умных городов»: приоритеты, подходы, перспективы
Authors: Блануца Виктор Иванович
Published: December 2021

Цель: выявить существующие подходы и наметить контуры будущих подходов к комплексному географическому изучению «умных городов». Информационной базой служат одна отечественная и семь международных библиографических баз данных. Методы: сравнительный анализ и авторский алгоритм семантического поиска на основе машинного обучения. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлена 91 статья. Показано распределение статей по странам и масштабам исследования. Анализ статей позволил идентифицировать восемь существующих подходов: сравнительно-географический, пространственно-урбанистический, районный, геополитический, пространственно-сегрегационный, темпорально-ландшафтный, пространственно-диффузионный и геосистемный. Сделано предположение, что в будущем могут появиться еще три подхода: позиционно-географический, потоковый и системно-расселенческий. Относительно небольшое количество статей указывает на стадию становления рассматриваемых исследований. В дальнейшем возможна конвергенция всех подходов в единую методологию географического изучения «умных городов».