bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pusat Arsip di Era Digital: Dilema antara Urgensi dan Relevansi
Authors: Sari Indah Novita , Putranto Widiatmoko Adi , Nurtanzila Lastria
Published: December 2020

Permasalahan pusat arsip di era digital menjadi menarik untuk diulas mengingat kondisi pusat arsip di instansi publik yang belum memadai dan kemunculan arsip elektronik sebagai tantangan baru dalam dunia kearsipan. Tema penelitian yang diangkat memang sedikit berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang lebih banyak mengkaji sarana prasarana tempat penyimpanan arsip dinamis inaktif pada instansi. Penelitian ini berfokus pada dilema urgensi dan relevansi pusat arsip di era digital. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai upaya penyelamatan arsip dalam berbagai format penyimpanan yang akan berguna sebagai bukti historis bagi generasi akan datang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan setting penelitian pada 21 instansi publik di Yogyakarta. Penulis menemukan bahwa terdapat masalah keamanan dan temu kembali arsip pada instansi publik yang di observasi. Hal ini merupakan dampak dari kurang sesuainya manajemen penyimpanan arsip secara umum, dimana arsip diletakkan pada pusat arsip, gudang dan basement yang kurang memadai. Di sisi lain, perkembangan teknologi memunculkan tantangan baru dalam pengelolaan tempat penyimpanan, sehingga arsiparis perlu merencanakan pusat data. Arsiparis berada dalam posisi sulit dikarenakan masih harus meneyelesaikan permasalahan arsip konvensional, sehingga perencanaan pusat data arsip elektronik.Pada akhirnya, penyelamatan arsip dalam berbagai format perlu dipersiapkan, baik pusat arsip maupun pusat data. Tempat penyimpanan arsip yang dapat mengakomodir berbagai format dan kebutuhan instansi, akan berdampak positif bagi kelancaran tugas sehari-hari pada instansi pemerintah dan layanan kepada publik.
Pemetaan Pengetahuan Eksplisit Tentang COVID-19 pada Website Perpustakaan
Authors: Nurislaminingsih Rizki , Sukaesih Sukaesih
Published: December 2020

Kewajiban utama perpustakaan adalah menyebarkan pengetahuan. Melihat dampak besar yang ditimbulkan COVID-19 pada kesehatan maupun sosial, maka sudah selayaknya perpustakaan secara rutin memberikan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan, aktivitas yang tepat saat lockdown, cara menghindari stress, atau pengumuman penting lainnya tentang perkembangan virus Corona. Website dapat menjadi jembatan penghubung antara perpustakaan dengan kebutuhan pengetahuan masyarakat. Website merupakan representasi dari sebuah perpustakaan yang bersifat maya sebagai penyimpan sekaligus penyebar pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 yang dibutuhkan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan pengetahuan eksplisit tentang COVID-19 pada website perpustakaan melalui analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 4 perpustakaan yang membagikan pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 melalui website yaitu Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Provinsi Banten, Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia, Perpusatakaan Badan Standardisasi Nasional dan Perpustakaan Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. Website tersebut mengunggah tema literasi, tips dan trik hidup sehat selama wabah, menikmati waktu, kesehatan psikis, efek COVID-19, tips bepergian, tips bekerja di kantor, informasi kesehatan, serta karakter, penularan dan pencegahan COVID-19. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah website dari 4 perpustakaan yang menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini mengunggah pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan berbagai tema seperti literasi corona, kiat hidup sehat fisik dan psikis selama masa pandemi, tips beraktivitas di dalam dan luar rumah yang aman, hingga informasi tentang penularan dan pencegahan virus Corona.
Mitigation of phosphorus, sediment and Escherichia coli losses in runoff from a dairy farm roadway
Authors: McDowell R.W. , Daly K. , Fenton O.
Published: December 2020

Dairy cow deposits on farm roadways are a potential source of contaminants entering streams. Phosphorus (P), suspended sediment (SS) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) loads in 18 runoff events over 12 mo from two-halves of a section of dairy farm roadway that spilt into an adjacent P-impacted stream were measured. The runoff from one half was untreated while the other half was directed through a filter of steel melter slag [termed aluminium chlorohydrate (ACH)-altered slag] sprayed with 1% ACH solution to improve P sorption capacity. An uncertainty analysis was conducted to ascertain potential loads of P lost from roadways considering variation in deposit weight, number and P content. Over the monitoring period, the total load decreased P (92%), SS (98%) and E. coli (76%) from the ACH-altered slag roadway compared to the control. However, uncertainty analysis showed that the amount of dung-P deposited on the roadway could be 10-fold greater.
How the Machine Works
Authors: Freitas Kênia
Published: December 2020

In this article, Kênia Freitas documents the growing presence of Black filmmakers in Brazil’s independent cinema exhibition circuits and investigates the larger network of art collectives, film clubs, and film festivals that are contributing to the recent racial reconfiguration in Brazilian cinema. Focusing on three new black film series and festivals—Mostra de Cinema Negro Brasileiro (Paraná), Mostra EGBÉ de Cinema Negro (Sergipe), and Negritude Infinita (Ceará)—all situated outside the more traditional Rio/São Paulo axes of national cinema, Freitas’ discussion of these nascent exhibition networks suggests future strategies for structural transformational change.
Validation of educational technology for the prevention and control of contact-borne infections
Authors: Souza Natália Pimentel Gomes , Almeida Paulo César de , Carvalho Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte
Published: December 2020

Objective: to build and validate the content and appearance of the booklet on prevention and control of contact-borne infections. Methods: methodological study, developed from the validation of an educational booklet by expert judges and by the target audience. The validation was performed by seventeen judges from different Brazilian regions and seven companions. The agreement index between the evaluators was calculated, with a minimum of 80.0% being necessary to guarantee the validation of the material. Results: most of the items obtained agreement rates above the recommended. The changes were made according to the judges’ suggestions, giving rise to the second version of the booklet, which was submitted to the appearance validation by the target audience, culminating in changes in the cover and language. Conclusion: the booklet was considered valid by specialists and by the target audience, and could be technology used for companions of patients kept in contact isolation.
Effect of music as a therapeutic resource in a support group for the elderly
Authors: Medeiros Joycimara da Silva Sales de , Oliveira Luciane Paula Batista Araújo de , Medeiros Anna Cecília Queiroz de , Távora Rafaela Carolini de Oliveira , Barros Wanessa Cristina Tomaz dos Santos
Published: December 2020

Objective: to analyze the effect of musical interventions to reduce stress levels in the elderly. Methods: quantitative research, of quasi-experimental type, in which the level of stress was assessed before and after interventions with the music therapy method, called receptive experience, in 25 elderly people in a support group. The Perceived Stress Scale was used and descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. Results: in the assessment of perceived stress, the average was 33.6 (standard deviation 5.17) points in the pre-test and 31.6 (standard deviation 2.29) points in the post-test (p<0.05). In the assessment dimension, the reduction was identified only in the perceived distress factor. Pre-tests outcomes showed that the higher the monthly income, the lower the perceived stress (p=0.043). Conclusion: musical interventions with the participants of this study were able to reduce stress levels, indicating the importance of music as a therapeutic resource in health promotion actions.
UNDERSTANDING WORKING MOTHERS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN TURKEY
Authors: GİRİŞKEN Arzu , ÇALIMLIOĞLU DOĞAN Elif
Published: December 2020

Today, especially in developing countries, the majority of working mothers in institutions' organizational structures, feel disturbed and excluded. This article aims to examine the relationship between challenges faced by working mothers in Turkey and their view of organizational commitment with a scientific approach. This study also aims to discuss the gender and maternal identity of working women by considering the difficulties they have in their both business and family lives. The survey designed for this article was applied to 105 working mothers living in Istanbul, and 82 of them completed it. In this online quantitative study, the living standards of working mothers, the capacity of the institution to support them, and the relationship between work-family life and organizational commitment were investigated. As a result of this study, it was found that there is a significant relationship between corporate commitment and life satisfaction, identities (work and family, etc.), job satisfaction, and organizational support for working mothers, and a significant negative relationship was found between corporate commitment and work-family life conflict.
FRANCHISE ALAN İŞLETMELERİN PARTNER SEÇİMİ: GIDA SEKTÖRÜNDE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: KIRAN Funda , EKŞİLİ Nisa , ÇETİNKAYA BOZKURT Özlem
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı gıda sektöründe franchiseelerin franchisorı seçme nedenlerini ortaya koymak ve bazı değişkenlerle karşılaştırma yapmaktır. Bu nedenle derinlemesine bilgi almak amacıyla yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğinin kullanıldığı araştırmada, literatür taraması sonucunda oluşturulan soru formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Antalya ve Burdur illerinde gıda sektöründe faaliyet gösteren kolayda ve kartopu örneklem yöntemiyle ulaşılmış toplam 16 franchisee oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan görüşmeler MAXQDA 18.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda franchise alan işletmelerin partner seçiminde en fazla dikkat ettiği faktörün konsept – ürün çeşitliliği olduğu görülmüştür. Ardından sırasıyla ikili ilişkiler, marka, firma potansiyeli, profesyonellik, ürün ve hizmet standardı, yatırım şartlarının uygunluğu, kârlılık oranı ve lojistik desteğin dikkat edilen unsurlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Girişimciler partnerleriyle yaptıkları görüşmelerde sırasıyla finansman, franchisee kimliği, sözleşmenin tek taraflı olması, yer seçimi ve franchisee olarak faaliyete başlama süresinin uzun olması gibi problemlerle karşılaşmışlardır. Franchiseeler anlaşma sonrasında sırasıyla yanıltıcı/yetersiz danışmanlık, sözleşme şartlarına hâkim olamamak, tedarik ve franchise veren işletmenin yeterli tecrübesinin olmamasından kaynaklı zorluklarla karşılaştıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak işletmelerin yeterli oranda partner seçimi kriterlerini dikkate almadıkları ve zorluklar yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir.
MARKALAMA PERSPEKTİFİ AÇISINDAN KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK ALGISININ TÜKETİCİ GÜVENİNE ETKİSİ: TORKU ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KARABOĞA Emine Nihan Cici , KIZILOĞLU Esra , KARABOĞA Kazım
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırma yeni ve başarılı bir marka oluşturma sürecinde kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algılamalarının tüketici güveni üzerinde etkisini ölçmeye yönelik olarak hazırlanmıştır. Marka olarak Türkiye piyasasında faaliyet gösteren Torku firması seçilmiştir. Müşterilerin Torku markasına ait kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algılarının markaya olan güvenleri üzerindeki etkileri anket yoluyla (n:207) incelenmek istenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 20 ve AMOS 21 paket programlarıyla analiz edilmiş ve hipotezler test edilmiştir. Verilere güvenilirlik analizi, açıklayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modeli uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda Torku markasına ilişkin kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk algılarının tüketici güveni üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca Torku markasının ülkeye karşı sorumluluk algılamasının tüketici güveni üzerinde negatif, tüketiciye karşı sorumluluk algılamasının tüketici güveni üzerinde ise pozitif bir etkisinin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Molecular connections between circadian rhythm and genome maintenance pathways
Authors: Kolinjivadi Arun Mouli , Chong Siao Ting , Ngeow Joanne
Published: December 2020

Co-ordinated oscillation of mammalian circadian clock and cell cycle is essential for cellular and organismal homeostasis. Existing preclinical, epidemiological, molecular and biochemical evidence reveals a robust interplay between circadian clock, genome instability and cancer. Furthermore, recent investigations have demonstrated that the alterations in circadian clock perturb genome stability by modulating the cell-cycle timing, altering DNA replication fork progression, influencing DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair efficiency. In this review, we examine the most recent findings from different eukaryotic model systems and discuss the functional interaction between circadian factors with key DNA replication, DDR and DNA repair genes.
Biodegradation of lignin via Pseudocitrobacter anthropi MP-4 isolated from the gut of wood-feeding termite Microtermes pakistanicus (Isoptera: termitidae)
Authors: Li Feng , Xie Rongrong , Liang Nian , Sun Jianzhong , Zhu Daochen
Published: December 2020

Symbiotic bacteria in the termite gut system may play an important role in lignin degradation that can assist the subsequent saccharification process. Pseudocitrobacter anthropi MP-4, which is capable of degrading lignin components and rapidly growing on various lignin analogue dyes, was successfully screened from the gut of a wood-feeding termite Microtermes pakistanicus. Further decolorization tests with this strain showed that the strain MP-4 potentially produced some relevant extracellular enzymes to participate in lignin degradation. The removal rate of chemical oxygen demand by this strain was recorded as high as 52.1% when it was incubated in a mineral-salt medium with lignin as the sole carbon source. For the degrading process of MP-4 on lignin, it was proposed through a series of evaluations by field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, that the lignin degradation mechanism of the strain MP-4 would primarily include the cleavage of various chemical linkages and the demethylation reactions. This resulted in a change in the S/G ratio and the disappearance of the biphenyl structure in the lignin components. Thus, these findings suggested that the strain MP-4 uniquely presented an attractive capability to deconstruct lignin components from biomass, which may be potentially valuable for a future industrial exploration.
Species composition of algae small rivers of the North-Western Black Sea region
Authors:   I.I. Mechnikov Odesa National University, 2 Dvorianska Str., Odesa 65026, Ukraine, Mironyuk O.M. , Tkachenko F.P. ,   I.I. Mechnikov Odesa National University, 2 Dvorianska Str., Odesa 65026, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of research on the species diversity of algae of small steppe rivers of the north-western Black Sea coast (NWBS). These are the rivers of Kohylnyk, Chaha, Sarata, Hadjider, Kuchurhan, Yahorlyk, Baraboy, Veliky Kuyalnik, Maly Kuyalnik, Kodyma, Tylihul, Tsarehol, Chichikleya. A total of 329 species (340 infraspecific taxa) of algae belonging to 8 divisions (Bacillariophyta, Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, Euglenozoa, Ochrophyta, Charophyta, Dinophyta and Rhodophyta) were identified. The basis of the taxonomic structure of reservoirs are representatives of Bacillariophyta (40%), Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta (17% each), Charophyta (10.5%), Euglenozoa (10.2%). The total share of other departments is 4.1%. The Tylihul River had the most diverse composition of algae. It is one of the largest small rivers in the region, which dries up every year for a short period. According to the Sørensen-Chekanovsky coefficient, the greatest degree of similarity of the floristic composition of algae was established by pairwise comparison of the rivers of Sarata–Kohylnyk (0.614), Sarata–Hadjider (0.544), and Kohylnyk–Hadjider (0.517). These reservoirs are located in the Danube–Dniester interfluve, have almost the same mineralization and a similar hydrological regime. Among the identified algae species, only 12 are common to all studied rivers. New records for the NWBS were Peranema pleururum Skuja, Phacus platyaulax Pochmann, Monomorphina pyrum (Ehrenberg) Mereschkowsky and Euglena van-goori Deflandre. A rare species Spirulina flavovirens Wisl. was found in in the Kohylnyk River. Anabaena bergii Ostenfeld, Phacus alatus G.A.Klebs, Monomorphina pyrum, Pleurosira laevis (Ehrenberg) Compère, Campylodiscus bicostatus Smith ex Roper, Closterium dianae Ehrenb. ex Ralfs and Batrachospermum gelatinosum (Linnaeus) De Candolle are regionally rare species. In the ecological aspect, the waters of the studied small rivers can be characterized as brackish, poorly flowing, and alkaline. According to the level of organic pollution, they correspond to the β-mesosaprobic zone.
First report on cyanobacterial flora from Masirah Island, Sultanate of Oman
Authors:   Cyanobacterial Diversity Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, India, Shamina M.
Published: December 2020

Cyanobacteria are organisms which play a vital role in various molecular and biotechnological aspects in food industry, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, biofuel production, etc., it is necessary to understand its adaptability to various environmental conditions. Furthermore it is equally important to discover new cyanobacterial taxa and with it occasional changes in taxonomic classification, thus the author set out to study cyanobacteria in extreme climatic conditions of desert, where temperatures are mostly above 45 oC. The taxonomic composition of cyanobacteria of Masirah Island, Sultanate of Oman, was studied for the first time. The studied samples were collected during the period of 2017–2019. The ten samples belonged to two orders: Oscillatoriales Schaffner and Synechococcales L.Hoffmann, Komárek & J.Kastovsky. All of them were filamentous non-heterocyst forms. Three species belonged to the genus Leptolyngbya Anagn. & Komárek, the genera Oscillatoria Vaucher ex Gomont and Lyngbya C.Agardh ex Gomont were represented by two species each, while the genera Pseudanabena Lauterborn, Planktolyngbya Anagn. & Komárek and Geitlerinema (Anagn. & Komárek) Anagn. were one species.
Problemas ético-clínicos en la atención médica durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Colombia: una mirada global para un aporte local
Authors: Echeverry-Raad Jairo , Navarro-Vargas José Ricardo
Published: December 2020

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha generado muchas dificultades, en particular en los sistemas sanitarios, que podrían verse obligados a racionar los recursos disponibles para la atención de pacientes con esta enfermedad. Esta decisión, de connotación ética, obliga a las instituciones de salud a escoger, entre pacientes con necesidades vitales similares, quién podrá acceder a los escasos recursos disponibles de soporte vital en los servicios de urgencias o cuidado intensivo de acuerdo con criterios pronósticos.Esta aproximación utilitarista persigue el mayor beneficio para el mayor número posible de pacientes con dicha elección; sin embargo, en Colombia, su implementación enfrenta varios escollos, tales como el ethos médico, los instrumentos empleados para definir dicho pronóstico, los criterios de priorización, los preceptos jurídico-constitucionales y la naturaleza económica de la prestación de cuidados intensivos en el país.El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre estos aspectos y proponer un modelo de aproximación para dicha priorización de pacientes, basado en la creación de equipos multidisciplinarios que tomen estas decisiones dentro de un marco metodológico transparente, humano, plural, imparcial, equitativo y justo.En el contexto de la actual pandemia, estos equipos multidisciplinarios podrían guiarse por cuatro principios ético-clínicos: (a) tratar a todas las personas por igual, (b) priorizar a los pacientes cuya condición sea peor, (c) maximizar los beneficios que puedan obtenerse a partir de los escasos recursos disponibles, y (d) seleccionar preferentemente a aquellos pacientes con un valor instrumental.Si se siguen estos cuatro principios, se cumplirían las directrices trazadas por el gobierno colombiano respecto a la atención de pacientes con COVID-19 dentro de un marco de autonomía médica ética, así como dentro de la práctica científica y profesional determinada por una perspectiva utilitaria.
Infection, treatment and virological features of SARS-CoV-2. A brief overview
Authors: Cifuentes-Faura Javier
Published: December 2020

A new coronavirus, the SARS-CoV-2, and its resulting disease, the COVID-19, originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, affecting human health by causing respiratory, digestive and systemic problems. In symptomatic patients, the clinical manifestations of the disease usually begin within a week after being infected with the virus, and consist of fever, dry cough, nasal congestion, fatigue and airway problems, which can lead to pneumonia. The virus is also present in patients who do not have symptoms, and therefore it is quite difficult to identify and quantify them. In this work, an overview of the virological features of SARS-CoV-2, its transmission and infection, as well as of the clinical signs and treatment of COVID-19 is carried out.
We need to appreciate common synanthropic plants before they become rare: Case study in Latgale (Latvia)
Authors: Prūse Baiba , Kalle Raivo , Buffa Gabriella , Simanova Andra , Mežaka Ieva , Sõukand Renata
Published: December 2020

Local ecological knowledge holds great potential in contributing to sustainable resource management and conservation activities. For this reason, the authors choose to analyse an ethnobotanical dataset from the Baltic Sea region by exploring the relationship between plants and humans on the basis of three main categories: habitat characteristics, distribution in the wild and plant sensitivity to human impact beyond physical distance. The study provides empirical evidence of widespread usage of so-called common species which are widely distributed in the territory and benefit from human activity. When considering the data via the intensity of use, based on detailed use-reports (DUR), the main category is shown to be apophytes (1001 DUR), followed by anthropophytes (426), hemeradiophores (255) and hemerophobes (54). The authors highlight the co-dependency of plants and humans in the medicinal and wild food domains and stress the need for integrated management strategies where local community knowledge plays a part.
 
Keywords: Common Species; Conservation; Ethnobotany; Synanthropic Plants.
The Development of Cloth Industry in the Noble Households of the Middle Volga Region in Second Half of XIX Century
Authors: Fedoseev Roman V.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The development of the cloth industry in the noble farms of the Middle Volga region in second half of XIX centuries occurred under the conditions of active reform of the agricultural sector of the country’s economy, which predetermined significant difficulties for the local nobility, which received significant preferences in the implementation of commercial and industrial business in the pre-reform period. Materials and Methods. Statistical, problem-chronological, historical-systemic and comparative-historical methods allowed us to trace the changes that occurred during the study period in the cloth industry of the noble industry. Results. As a result of the study, the degree of prevalence of this industry and its share in the overall industry structure of each province of the studied region, as well as the reasons for the popularity of cloth production among the local nobility, were analyzed. The volumes of production based on the official statistics are shown. The factors that predetermined the crisis state of the industry after the abolition of serfdom are indicated. The main directions of development of this industry in the post-reform period are investigated. The factors of reducing the number of cloth factories in the noble estates and the reasons for their massive transition to the merchant estate are considered. On the example of one of the largest factories, the general structure of the woolen production of the corresponding period is investigated. A large number of specific examples of noble cloth factories are given, indicating their owners, the equipment available, the number of workers and the volume of production. Discussion and Conclusions. The conclusion is drawn about the transitional state of the noble cloth industry, which, despite the crisis phenomena of the second half of the 19th century, continued to play an important role in the economy of the noble households of this region.
Madrasah Quality Improvement Evaluation Strategic Management Based
Authors: Sanusi Hary Priatna
Published: December 2020

This study was motivated by a phenomenon that appears in madrasa, namely: 1) the low quality of graduates, in MAN 1 with an average result of UAN 58.5 and MAN 2 57.8 from a maximum score of 100; 2) inconsistency in planning, implementing, evaluating programs to improve quality. The purpose of this study was to identify: work programs, program implementation, evaluation of program implementation, program impacts, and supporting factors inhibiting the improvement of the quality of madrasa. The approach of this study was qualitative-naturalistic, with a descriptive research type. This research method was a case study, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation study. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used the interactive Miles model. The results of this study showed: evaluation of quality improvement which is carried out through an evaluation of needs assessment, assessment of input, assessment of processes and assessment of results.
A Literature Review of the Effects of Self-Myofascial Release with a Foam Roller on Human Fascial System and Cardiovascular Function
Authors: Lee Cheonok , Lee Sewon
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE: Self-myofascial release (SMR) using a foam roller is a popular intervention used to improve flexibility and restore skeletal muscles, fascia, tendons, ligaments and soft-tissue extensibility. However, the mechanism about the effects of SMR on flexibility, delayed onset of muscle soreness and arterial stiffness has not been elucidated. The purpose of this review is to provide basic knowledge for the mechanism about the effects of SMR from a functional and anatomical perspective.METHODS: In this review, we summarized previous studies investigating the effects of SMR which were associated with the human fascial system on flexibility, delayed onset of muscle soreness, arterial stiffness and autonomic nervous system (ANS).RESULTS: SMR with a foam roller can improve flexibility by increasing blood flow and circulation to the soft tissues. Foam rollingrelated mechanisms to increase range of motion or reduce pain include the activation of cutaneous and fascial mechanoreceptors and interstitial afferent nerves that modulate sympathetic/parasympathetic activation as well as the activation of global pain modulatory systems and reflex-induced reductions in muscle and myofascial tone. In addition, SMR with a foam roller may improve arterial stiffness, which was associated with increased circulating level of nitric oxide induced by elevated shear stress on the walls of the blood vessel.CONCLUSIONS: SMR using a foam roller improves flexibility by relaxing tension in skeletal muscles or fascia and may help to improve arterial stiffness and the function of the ANS. We suggest that SMR using a foam roller may help to reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease as a new alternative method.
PCSK9 and LDL-C: The Role of Exercise
Authors: Jin Jaeho , Jo Wooyeon , Noh Ji Heon , Lee Sang Ki
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE: Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a pivotal regulator of low lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL receptor (LDLR) metabolism, and the interest in PCSK9 has increased in cardiovascular diseases. Exercise reduces blood LDL-C via PCSK9-LDLR pathway in the liver and the vasculature. However, the mechanism of exercise-induced inhibition of PCSK is unclear. The aim of this review is to describe the role of exercise on PCSK9-LDLR axis in cardiovascular diseases.METHODS:This study review 34 previous studies focusing on the effect of exercise on PCSK9 in the human and animal.RESULTS:The effects of exercise and lifestyle intervention on hepatic and circulating PCSK9 are controversial. However, exercise consistently increases hepatic LDLR, and inhibits atherosclerosis via suppression of PCSK9 and LOX-1 in atherosclerotic region.CONCLUSIONS: Even though experimental data are still very limited, exercise training can improves blood LDL-C via inhibition of PCSK9 and enhancement of LDLR in liver and vasculature. The study of exercise on PCSK9 are urgently needed.
Effects of Exercise on Physical Fitness and Strength According to the Frailty Level of Female Elderly with Hypertension
Authors: Baek Kyung-Wan , Lee Min Chul , Jeon Tae-Bong , Yoo Jun-Il , Park Jin Sung , Moon Hyo Youl , Kim Ji-Seok
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise on physical fitness and strength according to their frailty level of the hypertensive female elderly aged over 65.METHODS: Female elderly subjects (>65 year) with hypertension (n=90) were classified according to their level of frailty (Fr_), and were divided into control group (Ctrl) and exercise group (Ex). Hypertensive female elderly in exercise groups were subjected to 8-week combined exercise of aerobic (stretching and walking) and resistance (elastic band and weight training) exercise twice per week (50 minutes×2 times×8 weeks). Body composition, functional fitness and skeletal muscle strength were evaluated as main variables (Ctrl, n=27; Ex, n=23; Fr_Ctrl, n=17; Fr_Ex, n=23).RESULTS: Body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose level (include hemoglobin A1c) and blood lipid profile did not interact with the exercise intervention and frailty level. Records of 30-second chair stretch test, two-minute walk test and arm curl increased after exercise intervention regardless of frailty level. The strength of quadriceps femoris increased after exercise intervention regardless of the level of frailty. However, the strength of biceps femoris (p<.001), biceps brachii (p<.05) and triceps brachii (p<.001) was significantly increased in the Fr_Ex compared to pre-intervention of exercise.CONCLUSIONS: The classification according to the level of frailty in hypertensive female elderly can have a significant effect on the degree of muscle strength improvement by exercise intervention. In addition, this study newly discovered that the improvement of 30-s chair stretch test record in the hypertensive elderly women appeared faster than the improvement of the rapid-gait test record independently of the level of frailty.
History-Dependence of Muscle Excitation and Oxygenation During Isometric Knee Extension Force Production
Authors: Song Junkyung , Kim Kitae , Lee Sungjun , Lee Jiseop , Park Jaebum
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE:This study examined the issue of history-dependence on muscle excitation and oxygenation by using surface electromyography (EMG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).METHODS: Eight male participants performed isometric knee extension force production tasks that started at four levels of initial force production (30, 40, 60, 70% of maximal voluntary contraction, MVC) and commonly converged to the production of 50% of MVC by increasing or decreasing knee extension forces. We quantified the integrated electromyogram (iEMG), total hemoglobin (tHb), and the desaturation rate of muscle tissue (TSISLOPE) of the vastus lateralis and compared the differences in the quantified variables between the experimental conditions.RESULTS: For the four levels of initial forces production, all the variables showed significant linear relationships with outcome forces. However, the magnitudes of the variables were varied depending on the contraction history at the terminal phase where the identical level of force production (50% of MVC) was required. At the terminal phase, the iEMG was affected by the time history of both mode (e.g., increment or decrement) and magnitude (e.g., 10% or 20% change of MVC), while the tHb and TSISLOPE showed significant differences between the time history of mode only.CONCLUSIONS:The main result of the current study demonstrates the history-dependence of the changes in physiological demands in muscle activation. In particular, the indices of muscle excitation and oxygenation at the same level of force were varied depending on the time history of contraction, which implies the indices of muscle excitation and oxygenation may not be invariant component to specify the levels of outcome forces.
Effect of Vitamin D Intake on the Gut Health of the Military Submariners
Authors: Lee So Rok , An Mi-Yeong , Yoon Jin Hwan , Park Eun Mi , Cho Jin Ah
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE:The association of vitamin D supplementation and the gut health was examined on the military submariners whose vitamin D biosynthesis might be deficient due to life in a submarine.METHODS: Twenty-eight men were divided into the Placebo group (n=14) and the Vitamin D supplementation group (n=14) and took either placebo or vitamin D tablet for 4 weeks in a submarine. Questionnaires related to bowel movements and the general gut health were conducted before and after boarding on the submarine.RESULTS:When comparing before and after boarding, there were decreases in the number of bowel movements with an increase in the time required for bowel movements per week in the control group. In addition, there were decreases of stool size to change in the hardness of the stool. However, there was no significant change in the vitamin D supplementation group before and after boarding.CONCLUSIONS:These results show that vitamin D intake or supplementation might help the bowel movements and the general gut health when the alternative way to biosynthesize vitamin D from sunlight is blocked.
#paslui: feminismos brasileiros no hexágono europeu
Authors: Pelúcio Larissa , Paz Diego
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Neste artigo, analisamos o movimento #elenão e suas reverberações em contexto francês. Num movimento que ganhou repercussão transnacional, mulheres brasileiras organizadas por diferentes lógicas de opressão mostram agência política pelo uso das redes sociais digitais e, especificamente, de hashtags. De inspiração etnográfica, partiu-se de observações participantes da autora e autor nas manifestações que aconteceram na cidade de Paris, na França, no período das eleições de 2018, no Brasil, mas também de entrevistas com as organizadoras locais dos eventos. Mobilizando como operador analítico o conceito de political agency, ou capacidade de agir politicamente, segundo Judith Butler, argumentamos que este movimento, iniciado pelas mulheres, foi um elemento unificador de outras minorias políticas, como negros e LGBT+, contra o avanço do “neofascismo” e retrocessos no campo dos direitos humanos.
¿“Que veinte años no es nada”? (In)visibilización del movimiento social de migrantes por y desde Centroamérica
Authors: Rojas Wiesner Martha Luz
Published: December 2020

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es volver la mirada a las migraciones por y desde Centroamérica sucedidas en las dos últimas décadas. Esta mirada panorámica se focaliza en los tres países del norte centroamericano en los que amplios sectores de población han sido afectados por la concurrencia de distintos factores, entre los que la violencia se ha acentuado de manera dramática, ocasionando desplazamiento interno y emigración de miles de personas, quienes en sus trayectos fragmentados o no, en línea recta o no, tienen que enfrentar más violencias. Este movimiento se visibiliza o invisibiliza como parte de las luchas de las personas migrantes para alcanzar sus objetivos, que pueden cambiar en el camino. Volver la mirada a estos acontecimientos nos debe interpelar para reconocer que la movilidad desde Centroamérica no es reciente y que hay nuevas formas de visibilización para la protección de los derechos y la vida de las personas migrantes.
Dos crisis que explican las dinámicas migratorias más recientes en los tres países del norte de Centroamérica
Authors: Bauer Lizbeth del Rosario Gramajo
Published: December 2020

Resumen En la última década los tres países del norte de Centroamérica (Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras) han ocupado las portadas de los principales periódicos del mundo debido a las crisis migratorias que se viven en la región. Este artículo busca explicar las dinámicas migratorias más recientes a partir de dos crisis que pusieron en evidencia las principales características del flujo migratorio centroamericano: 1) la “crisis humanitaria” de menores en la frontera sur de los Estados Unidos de América en 2014, y 2) las caravanas de migrantes centroamericanos que iniciaron en 2018. También se analiza de qué forma estas crisis marcaron el inicio de amplios debates en relación con las causas de la migración en la región y dieron paso a renovadas políticas migratorias en el corredor migratorio Centroamérica - Norteamérica.
Caravanas migrantes: de respuestas institucionales diferenciadas a la reorientación de la política migratoria
Authors: Gandini Luciana
Published: December 2020

Resumen En 2018 y 2019 tuvieron lugar las caravanas migrantes con el fin de llegar a los Estados Unidos, estrategia migratoria adoptada por personas provenientes principalmente de Centroamérica, caracterizadas por una mayor visibilidad, un menor costo y organizadas mediante redes sociales. Se identifican tres oleadas de caravanas a las que se les respondió con medidas institucionales y categorías burocrático-administrativas distintas. Con ello el artículo exhibe los retos de la gobernanza de los flujos mixtos que caracterizan la migración contemporánea en la región y al mismo tiempo constituyeron acciones erráticas y en contrasentido, la antesala de un viraje sustantivo experimentado por la política migratoria mexicana.
Migrantes LGBT+ en las caravanas centroamericanas hacia Estados Unidos: dilemas y posibilidades para la construcción de redes de hospitalidad
Authors: Cadena Kenia Ortiz , Castañeda-Camey Nicté , Sánchez Rubén García
Published: December 2020

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el escenario de la migración centroamericana en México y en su paso hacia Estados Unidos, con especial atención en el surgimiento del contingente LGBT+ en las caravanas migrantes en 2018. A partir de un estudio cualitativo, se muestran las causas que originan la emigración de personas LGBT+ en Centroamérica, sus experiencias durante el tránsito migratorio, las reacciones generadas en México con su llegada en caravana y las iniciativas de la sociedad para acompañarles. Derivado de esto, se reflexiona sobre algunos elementos asociados a la hospitalidad, para dar cuenta de la complejidad que subyace a este concepto y repensar las formas de construir las micro redes de solidaridad con esta comunidad desde la sociedad civil.
Fronteira desterritorializada, inclusão diferencial e Estado-nação: a Comissão brasileira de seleção de refugiados da Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Ruseishvili Svetlana
Published: December 2020

Resumo O artigo analisa a atuação da Comissão brasileira de seleção de refugiados na Europa após a Segunda Guerra Mundial sob ótica dos estudos críticos da mobilidade. Foi investigado um conjunto documental composto por estudos preparatórios e por relatórios do chefe da Comissão em 1946-1947, Artur Hehl Neiva. Argumenta-se que a Comissão foi uma forma singular que as políticas de branqueamento tomaram no pós-guerra. Destacam-se elementos que permitem pensar a atuação da Comissão como uma manifestação de fronteira inteligente avant la lettre, que operava por meio da classificação hierárquica e da inserção diferencial dos refugiados.
A política migratória brasileira para venezuelanos: do “rótulo” da autorização de residência temporária ao do refúgio (2017-2019)
Authors: Martino Andressa Alves , Moreira Julia Bertino
Published: December 2020

Resumo A partir do aporte teórico-conceitual de Roger Zetter acerca do processo de labelling (rotulação) de migrantes, este artigo busca discutir os “rótulos” que foram implementados para gerenciar a atual migração venezuelana para o Brasil no período de 2017 a 2019. Para tanto, utilizamos pesquisa documental e analisamos as autorizações de residência temporária (a Resolução Normativa nº 126 de 2017 e a Portaria Interministerial nº 9 de 2018) e o reconhecimento da condição de refugiado pela grave e generalizada violação de direitos humanos, ocorrido em 2019. Concluímos que os venezuelanos transitaram entre diferentes “rótulos” mobilizados pelas instituições burocráticas governamentais - solicitante de refúgio, residente temporário até refugiado -, o que ocorreu a partir, especialmente, das últimas mudanças nas diretrizes de política externa brasileira.
Multilateralismo, migración y derechos humanos: antes y después del Pacto Mundial para una Migración Segura, Ordenada y Regular
Authors: Morales Felipe González
Published: December 2020

Resumen Durante décadas, Naciones Unidas y los Estados Miembros se abstuvieron de emprender un abordaje multilateral de la migración. Los primeros intentos tuvieron lugar a principios del presente siglo y se volvieron más significativos en los últimos años. El Pacto Mundial para una Migración Segura, Ordenada y Regular representa un hito al respecto. Su implementación será decisiva para consolidar un abordaje multilateral de la migración y fortalecer la protección de los derechos humanos de las personas migrantes.
Uma Hipótese Psicanalítica Acerca do Desencadeamento da Anorexia na Psicose
Authors: Lima Cláudia Henschel de , Souza Débora Assis de
Published: December 2020

Resumo Este artigo tem como objeto a pesquisa etiológica sobre a anorexia. Nesse sentido, expõe os resultados da pesquisa teórica em psicanálise conduzida em 2016, com recursos públicos para implementação de bolsa de iniciação científica. Por meio da análise e organização do levantamento conceitual sobre o tema no campo da psicopatologia clássica e da psicanálise, foi possível problematizar a validade da classe de transtorno alimentar, definida na quinta edição do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-5) para elucidar o quadro sintomático da anorexia, e conduzir uma pesquisa etiológica, em psicanálise, sobre os determinantes psíquicos do desencadeamento da anorexia. A pesquisa interrogou a consistência do diagnóstico psicanalítico de psicose para alguns casos em que vigorariam características clínicas que, no DSM-5, induziriam ao diagnóstico de anorexia e formulou a hipótese de que o diagnóstico de psicose, tal como definido pela psicanálise, elucida a etiologia de determinados casos de anorexia em que vigora a recusa do alimento a serviço da cadaverização, da desvitalização e da rigidez identificatória à denominação sou anoréxica. A retomada do caso de Ellen West, paciente do psiquiatra suíço Ludwig Binswanger, cumpre neste artigo exatamente o papel de verificar a hipótese da pesquisa de que a recusa do alimento, a serviço da cadaverização e da desvitalização, pode ser tributária da psicose.
Planejamento do Processo de Avaliação Psicológica: Implicações para a Prática e para a Formação
Authors: Schneider Andréia Mello de Almeida , Marasca Aline Riboli , Dobrovolski Tiziane Alessandra Titton , Müller Cláudia Maria , Bandeira Denise Ruschel
Published: December 2020

Resumo A realização de um processo de avaliação psicológica (AP) exige do profissional um amplo domínio de teorias e métodos reconhecidos pela Ciência Psicológica. Quando se trata de fazer determinações psicológicas sobre uma pessoa, o uso de testes psicológicos tem vantagens sobre julgamentos injustificados motivados por experiência individual daquele que avalia. Os resultados obtidos pelo uso de instrumentos padronizados são considerados mais confiáveis, mais válidos, mais facilmente reproduzíveis e mais objetivos que uma avaliação baseada somente na análise subjetiva de um avaliador. Contudo, o planejamento desse processo se estabelece como uma etapa crucial para a qualidade da AP, que engloba a tarefa de escolha dos testes e técnicas de avaliação adequados ao objetivo, ao contexto e ao conhecimento do psicólogo. O presente estudo tem o intuito de auxiliar a organização e o planejamento do processo de AP com foco na escolha de testes e técnicas psicológicas de forma a orientar estudantes de graduação e profissionais com pouca aproximação com o campo da AP. Trata-se de um estudo teórico, baseado tanto na experiência prática em diferentes contextos quanto na experiência docente. É apresentado um fluxograma ilustrativo, o qual é explicado por meio de exemplos práticos focados em três principais áreas de atuação: clínica, trânsito e seleção de pessoas. É apontada a importância de refletir sobre o conhecimento necessário para realizar um processo de AP, considerando o acesso à informação por parte dos profissionais psicólogos, o entendimento sobre a qualidade psicométrica dos instrumentos e os cuidados éticos.
Avaliação da Ansiedade de Estudantes de Psicologia em Situações Experimentais de Falar em Público
Authors: Angélico Antonio Paulo , Bauth Murilo Freitas
Published: December 2020

Resumo Durante o percurso no ensino superior, os universitários se deparam com diversas atividades acadêmicas de falar em público (como, por exemplo, apresentações de seminários), que podem ser fortes causadores de ansiedade e afetos negativos, implicando prejuízos significativos para o rendimento acadêmico dos alunos e seus respectivos contextos sociais. Objetivou-se comparar grupos com e sem plateia em relação ao grau de ansiedade vivenciada frente a uma situação experimental de falar em público. Participaram 72 estudantes de psicologia, que foram submetidos ao Teste de Simulação de Falar em Público e responderam ao Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck, Inventário de Habilidades Sociais, Escala de Auto-Avaliação ao Falar em Público e Questionário Sociodemográfico e Ocupacional. Verificou-se que o grupo com plateia apresentou uma redução significativa do nível de ansiedade geral, subjetiva e autonômica após o discurso. Além disso, constatou-se que quanto mais elaborado o repertório de habilidades sociais gerais e de falar em público de um universitário e mais positivas as autoavaliações frente a essa tarefa, menor foi o grau de ansiedade experimentado nessa situação. Sugerem-se novas pesquisas com maior número de universitários, provenientes de diferentes cursos universitários, que permitam examinar as associações entre habilidades sociais, autoavaliações ao falar em público e ansiedade social.