bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical analysis of Clerodendron infortunatum Linn. leaves in various seasons by different solvent and extraction techniques
Authors: Changade Jayshree  V , Thomas Asha , Tanvi Harsha A , Ghangale Nilima , Shirkande Abhijeet , Sable Poonam Dilip
Published: October 2022

Clerodendron infortunatum Linn is widely used for the treatment of malaria and vermifuge, scorpion and snake bites, tumors, inflammation, bronchitis and in wound healing. The present study was carried out to estimate the variation in the amounts of Gallic acid, Rutin and Quercetin in Clerodendron infortunatum Linn.leaves extracts collected in different seasons using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).In this study, leaves of C. infortunatum were subjected to methanol extractions using Soxhlet method and cold maceration. The leaves were collected in different seasons in the months of December (Sample A -Shishir rutu-Winter season) and July (Sample B -Varsha Rutu -Rainy season). The methanolic extracts were subjected to HPTLC study & using CAmag HPTLC system, employing a mixture of toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid:methanol(3:6:1.6:0.4 ) as the mobile phase with densitometric scanning at 254nm. Quantity of Quercetin is found in both samples, extracted by Soxhlet method. Its quantity is higher in the winter season. Quantity of Gallic acidis found in both samples. Its quantity is the same in Sample B by Soxhlet extraction method & maceration method respectively. Quantity of Rutin is found in both the samples extracted by Soxhlet & maceration methods. It is higher in the sample-A. The present HPTLC method is used for the detection and quantization of Gallic acid, Quercetin and Rutin of C. infortunatum leaves. It needs to study the season wise and region wise variation of phytochemicals in useful parts of all other plants by different extraction methods.
Multidimensional Use of Cow Urine (Gomutra), One of the Ingredients of Panchagavya – A Narrative Review
Authors: Joshi Twinkle , Kuchewar Vaishali , Chhabra Aman
Published: October 2022

Gomutra is one of the constituents of “Panchgavya”. The use of “Panchgavya” dates back to 2nd and 3rdcenturies. Gomutra is a key component of Panchgavya chikitsa. Its importance and usage has been noted in several Ayurvedic literatures for the treatment of shool (colic), akshi-mukharoga (disorders of eye and mouth), kilaas (vitiligo), kasa (cough), shwas (respiratory disorders), kamala (jaundice), pandu (anaemia), etc. This narrative review was designed to explore the research done on gomutra.The data from every study on gomutra was collected in this review. On browsing the various databases, 4 analytical studies, 15 animal studies, and 7 clinical studies were found. In this review, gomutra was found to have multifaceted use in various disorders. The properties of gomutra are such that it could be used in a versatile manner. It was also observed that the number of clinical studies were very less. Hence, there was a need to conduct clinical studies for confirmation of the results obtained in analytical and preclinical studies. Additionally, over the last few years, the Cow Urine treatment and Study Center in Indore has accomplished extensive research in this field. However, public vigilance and acceptance is intended to promote the importance and wide applications of gomutra and to uplift people's health and lifestyles.
Photocolorimeter – Can it be a novel application to quantify Avila Mutrata?
Authors: H S Mythri , Krishnan R Nithin , Ram Mahto Raja
Published: October 2022

Prameha has been described as one of the Mahagadas and Anushangi vyadhi. It is also a disease which is associated with derangement in Ojus (~Immunity). The disease is manifested as Prabhootavilamootrata (Polyuria with turbidity in urine). Madhumeha can be closely correlated to Diabetes mellitus. Glycosuria is a striking feature of the disease, which alerts the patient. It happens when the glomerulus filters more glucose than the proximal tubule can reabsorb. It can be due to elevated plasma glucose or renal glucose absorption impairment, or both. Excessive Kleda in the condition of Madhumeha gets mixed with other doshas and dhatus and forms Vikrita avastha. Kleda has two routes of expulsion from the body viz; Sweda and Mutra. This can lead to the Avilata mutrata in Madhumeha. Avilata is a condition related to light absorption, diffusion and Chroma/Chrome. liquid. Hence avilata is related with transparency of an object and its optical density (OD). Therefore, COLORIMETER instrument was chosen for the mutra pariksha, which works on the principles of OD. Colorimetric analysis can become a simple, OPD based, cost effective, and specific quantitative analysis of Urine which can be used to translate the principles of Ayurveda into practice and for better management and monitoring of Madhumeha.
Pharmaceutico-Analytical study of Karaviradya taila
Authors: Benjarwad Ashwini , Kadibagil Vinaykumar R , K Govinda Sharma , Sanagala Priyanka , Kamatar Sangeeta B , Gowda Srusti K
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Sneha kalpana (oleaginous preparations) is commonly prescribed Ayurvedic dosage form and it is the preparation of various kinds of medicated oils and ghee. Karaviradya taila is medicated oil preparation used externally in the form of abhyanga (massage) for lomashatana (depilation). Objectives: To prepare and carry out the physico-chemical analysis of karaviradya taila. Materials and Methods: Karaviradya taila was prepared by general method of taila kalpana i.e ¼:1:4 and analytical study like organoleptic characters and physico- chemical parameters were carried out based on the references available in the laboratory guide for the analysis of Ayurveda and Siddha formulation. Results and Discussion: The total oil obtained was 85% and the loss was 15%. Organoleptic characters of karaviradya taila showed translucent green viscous liquid with alkaline odor, Physico- chemical parameters like pH, specific gravity, viscosity, total suspended solids, and refractive index were tested. The increased Saponification value of karaviradya taila indicates the rate of absorption, low acid value of karaviradya taila indicates less chance of decomposition of taila.  Evaporation of moisture contents in karaviradya taila leads to the decrease in rancidity factors. Peroxide value and iodine value of karaviradya taila indicates the primary oxidation. Conclusion: Karaviradya taila is a sneha kalpana mainly indicated for loma shatana (depilation). Local applications is beneficial because they are quickly absorbable, protect the skin and promotes percutaneous absorption of incorporated drug. The results of pharmaceutical and analytical study of karaviradya taila can be considered as the preliminary standards for the preparation of karaviradya taila.

 

Keywords:  Lomashatana, Karaviradyataila, Bahirparimarjana chikitsa, Sneha kalpana, Depilation, Hair Removal.
Acute toxicity study of the nanoparticles of Bauhinia variegata Linn bark hydro-alcoholic extract in Wistar Albino rats
Authors: Choudhary Yakshi , Deshpande Shailesh V , Patil Sandeep B , Chaudhari Atul L
Published: October 2022

Background: Bauhinia variegate Linn is a popular herb used as medicine in traditional health sciences in Southeast Asia. Traditional medicines if used in newer dosage forms such as nanoparticles, can help in reducing the dose, assuring quality, and reducing exploitation of natural resources. However, the safety of medicines needs to be established before use in humans.

Objective: To evaluate the acute toxicity of nanoparticles of Bauhinia variegate Linn bark hydro-alcoholic extract (NBVBE) in Wistar Albino rats on the basis of OECD guidelines 423.

Methodology: The study was conducted using six Wistar albino rats divided into two groups of three rats each. Test rats were given a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of NBVBE orally, while the control group received feed and water ad libitum.

Results: The data indicated no significant changes in weight, complete blood count, or renal and hepatic function when compared with control (p > 0.05). Histopathological examination shows some reversible changes such as steatosis and lymphoid hyperplasia in the rat’s liver and intestine. LD50 for NBVBE is higher than 2000 mg/kg body weight.

Conclusion: NBVBE is safe at 2000 mg/kg body weight. However, monitoring the status of the liver is necessary.
Role of Kushmand Paak in treating Male Infertility
Authors: Gaikwad Bhim , Jibi Varghese , Yeola Gunvant , DG Dipankar , Taware Smritika , Patil Aboli
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT:

Objectives:  To evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic herbal drug combination as a good and effective ability treatment on sperm production without any side effects on prolonged use.

Materials & methods: It was a self-control clinical trial study. In this study, we enrolled 40 patients having complaints of infertility. of age 25-40 years married for not less than 3 years. All these participants were advised to take 30 g of Kushmand Pak after mid meals with a cup of warm milk for 3 months. Sperm count, semen color, viscosity, and state were recorded before starting the treatment and after 3 months of completion of treatment.

Results: It was observed that ‘Kushmand Pak’ was accepted by all with no complaints about any side effects. Viable, active, and morphologically perfect sperm count was also increased to a significant level.

Conclusion: Kushmand Pak can be used to improve sperm count without any side effects on prolonged use.

Keywords: Male infertility, herbal drugs, Kushmand Pak
Assessment of risk for upper limb musculoskeletal injuries in amateur Tabla players: A Cross sectional study
Authors: Patil Shubhangi , Tayshete Aditi
Published: October 2022

The force and effort required to play a percussion instrument can cause musculoskeletal issues in percussionists (PRMDs). India's most popular percussion instrument is the tabla. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among table players. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on seventy-six amateur table players, who were between the age group of 18 to 25 years. The posture of amateur table players and the risk of musculoskeletal injury among them was assessed by using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scale. Result: Assessment of posture while playing tabla by using RULA scale shows that 25.39 % players were at a low risk of musculoskeletal injury, 71.42% players were at a medium risk of musculoskeletal injury and 3.17% were at high risk of musculoskeletal injury. The majority of musculoskeletal pains were in the shoulder and wrist joint. Conclusion: The study shows that the tabla players are at a risk of musculoskeletal injuries and early preventive measures should be implemented to prevent long term complications of wrong posture while playing tabla.
Beta vulgaris var. cicla methanol extract prevents the formation of advanced glycation end products and protein oxidation against -glucose, and -fructose-induced protein glycation in vitro
Authors: Perez Gutierrez Rosa Martha , Mota Flores Jose  Maria
Published: October 2022

Beta vulgaris is an edible plant and herbal medicine traditionally used to treat diabetes and breast cancer and protect against liver damage induced by an HF diet. The aim of this investigation to evaluate the inhibitory activity of B. vulgaris (CH) extract on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) against fluorescent and Non-fluorescent AGEs, protein oxidation, and protein aggregation in an in vitro model of glucose and fructose protein glycation and Congo red test. Our study provides evidence that CH significantly reduced fluorescent and no fluorescent (Nε-CML) and fructosamine levels in AGEs-BSA systems during four weeks of study. It also avoided protein oxidation, which was shown by the depletion of protein thiol and reduced protein carbonyl, preventing structural loss of protein and AGEs formation by inhibiting protein oxidation and protein glycation. Furthermore, CH extract also inhibited amyloid cross β-structure and increased GPx enzymatic activity. This study demonstrated that CH has a noticeable antiglycation effect in a varied glycation modification of albumin and can retard or forewarn AGEs-related diabetes type 2.
Pharmacognostic and In-vitro Antioxidant Antimicrobial potentials of Jayanti Veda (Tridax procumbens L.)
Authors: Hiremath Kashinath , D Jagadeesh , Patil Sneha B , Japti Veerkumar , Jalalpure Sunil S , Patil Kalpana S
Published: October 2022

Ayurveda is one of the oldest holistic traditional systems of medicine. Tridax procumbens known as “Jayanti Veda” which is weed found throughout India. It shows number of pharmacological activities like Hepatoprotective, Anti-inflammatory, Wound healing, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic. The present study was carried out to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of Tridax procumbens in order to find possible sources for future novel pharmaceutical formulations. The plant material was subjected for extraction and the extract was further fractionated. Hydroalcoholic extract and fractions were analyzed for different phytocomponents. Fraction 2 was analyzed for phenolic content, Fraction 3 was analyzed for its antimicrobial activity. Fraction 4 was analyzed for its flavonoid content, and antioxidant potentials. The crude extract showed the presence of various phytocompounds whereas F1 contains lipids & waxes. F2 contains phenolics, terpenes & sterols. F3 contains alkaloids. F4 contains flavonoids. The total flavonoid contents of F4 was compared with crude extract (51.19±0.412 and 45±0.073 respectively), antioxidant activity of F4 was compared with crude extract (IC50 - 22.7795±0.8208 and 23.247±0.7344 respectively), total phenolic contents of F2 was compared with crude extract (82.24±0.871 and 47.43±0.37 respectively) and antimicrobial activity of F3 [IZD- 1.0cm- (S. aureus), 0.9cm (E.coli) and crude-0.6cm- (S, aureus), 0.5cm (E.coli)] Results were found significantly higher for all the fractions as compared to crude extract. The present results revealed that the Tridax procumbens acts as a powerful antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
Simultaneous method development and validation of 1, 8-Cineole and Betulinic acid in Shati Vati - An Ayurvedic formulation by HPTLC
Authors: Joshi Krupa , Patel Jaya , Raskar Swapnil , Aghara Chandani
Published: October 2022

A simple, accurate and precise HPTLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of 1, 8-Cineole and Betulinic acid in Shati Vati - An Ayurvedic formulation by HPTLC. Shati Vati contains Shati rhizome powder have 1-8 cineole and Badar ripe fruit powder have Betulinic acid reported medicinal claims and uses.  In the analytical method, toluene: ethyl acetate (93:07 v/v) was finalized as the mobile phase and a clear separation was achieved. The wavelength for 1-8 cineole and Betulinic acid was 665nm and 580nm respectively. The Rf value of 1-8 cineole and betulinic acid was obtained 0.647 and 0.213 respectively. The developed analytical method was validated for Linearity, Accuracy, Precision, LOD, LOQ and Robustness as per ICH Q2 (R1) guideline. Results for the validation process were within the range of acceptance criteria of ICH guideline.  HPTLC method have been applied successfully for estimation of 1-8 Cineole and Betulinic acid in Shati Vati an ayurvedic formulation.
Randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Eladi churna in the management of urdhwag amlapitta with special reference to GERD
Authors: Pagare Jagruti , Soman Swati
Published: October 2022

Amlapitta is one of the most common diseases seen in society. The word Amlapitta is made up of Amla and Pitta. Aacharya Kashyapa was the first person who described Amlapitta as a separate disease. Madhav Nidan, Bhavprakash, and Yogratnakara have also described it very well.The disease in which the sour quality of Pitta dosha aggravates and changes to extreme acidic sourness is called  Amlapitta. Amlapitta is Annavaha Strotas Vyadhi (gastrointestinal disease), which is caused due to Agnimandya and vitiations of Pachaka Pitta. Urdhwag Amlapitta can be correlated with GERD. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. It is defined on the basis of both esophageal and extra-esophageal symptoms and/or lesions resulting from the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. The sign and symptoms of Urdhwag Amlapitta (GERD) are Avipak (Indigestion), Klama (Tiredness), Utklesha (Nausea), Tikta amla udgar (Sour and bitter Belching), Gaurvata (Heaviness), Hruth Kantha Daha (Heart and Throat Burning), and Aruchi (Anorexia).In the present era, consumption of fast food, junk food, anxiety, and depression are the main causes of Amlapitta.In this clinical study, Eladi churna was used, which is described by Yogratnakar in Amlapitta chikitsa .A total of 70 patients were taken, which were divided into two groups of 35 patients for each group. Group A-Eladi Churna ( Trial)and Group B- Amlapittapinashak yog as a control drug mentioned in Bhaishajyaratnawali.
Strength of Capital Structure, Prudence and Audit Committee in Enhancing Profit Quality
Authors: Yunaldi Rendy , Aprilia Erika Astriani
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the Effect of Capital Structure, Prudence and Audit Committee on Profit Quality. This study used a sample of manufacturing companies in the food and bavarages sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2016 to 2020, the number of companies sampled in this study was 12 companies with observations for 5 years. Based on the purposive sampling method, the total sample of this study is 60 annual reports. The data collection method used is secondary data, which is data obtained by researchers indirectly through intermediary media and literature studies. The data in this study was obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange, namely www.idx.co.id and several company websites. From the results of the t test analysis (partial) shows that the Capital Structure and Prudence have a significant influence on the quality of profits. Meanwhile, the Audit Committee does not have a significant influence on the quality of profits. So, audit committee will not be too important to organized
NECİL KAZIM AKSES’İN MÜZİK STİLİ VE SOLO VİYOLA İÇİN YAZDIĞI KAPRİÇYO ESERİNİN FORM ANALİZİ
Authors: DİNÇ Şükrü Öner
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmada Osmanlı Devleti’nden sonra Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulması ile beraber batıda gelişen klasik müziğin yerel ve kültürel izlerini oluşturmak için büyük çaba harcayan Türk beşleri olarak adlandırılan sanatkârların içinde yer alan Necil Kazım AKSES’in yaptığı çalışmalar, yarattığı eserler ve müzik stili incelenmiş, elde edilen bulgularla Cumhuriyet dönemi klasik batı müziğinde kendi kültürümüze ait olan ritm ve melodilerin eşlik ettiği besteleri ortaya konulmuştur. Bestecinin solo viyola için yazmış olduğu kapriçyosu da bu özelliklere sahip eserler içinde yer almaktadır.

Türk Beşleri’nin içinde yer alan Necil Kazım Akses bu gruba dahil olan besteciler içinde yaşı en genç olan bestecidir. Kemanla başladığı müzik eğitimi boyunca pek çok ünlü eğitmen ile çalışarak onlardan edindiği bilgilerle Cumhuriyet dönemi klasik müziğine devrim niteliğinde yenilikler kazandırmıştır. Necil Kazım Akses’in solo viyola için yazdığı kapriçyosu bu yeniliklerle donatılmış eserlerinin içinde yer almaktadır. Bu araştırmanın sonucunda ilgili eserin müzik dili, yazım özelliği ve formu incelenerek bu eseri icra edecek müzisyenlere eseri daha kolay anlamak adına yardımcı olması amaçlanmıştır.
FONOLOŠKE OSOBITOSTI ŠIROKOBRIJEŠKOGA GOVORA NA PODRUČJU SELA LJUBOTIĆI, KOČERIN, POTKRAJ, CRNE LOKVE I MOKRO
Authors: Pinjuh Mario , Vukoja Mikulić Josipa , Šunjić Josipa
Published: October 2022

U radu će se analizirati dio fonoloških jezičnih posebnosti govora
Širokoga Brijega, grada u zapadnoj Hercegovini. Govor Širokoga
Brijega pripada zapadnomu, odnosno novoštokavskomu ikavskom
dijalektu. Jezična građa koja je korištena u ispitivanju jest snimka
širokobrijeških govora na području sela Ljubotići, Kočerin, Potkraj, Crne Lokve i Mokro prikupljana snimačem od travnja do
lipnja 2020. godine. Cilj je ovoga rada ukazati na temeljna obilježja ikavskih govora širokobriješkoga kraja te istaknuti neka od
fonoloških obilježja.
Ključne riječi: Široki Brijeg; zapadni novoštokavski dijalekt; fonologija
Application of Remote Sensing and GIS techniques for detecting burned areas and severity. A case study of the National Park "Dajti Mountain", Albania.
Authors: PASHO Edmond , Q. ALLA Arben , RAMAJ Ernest
Published: October 2022

Assessment of forest areas affected by wildfire is crucial for designing appropriate management strategies to support post-wildfire restoration. This study integrates Remote Sensing and GIS data to map burned areas and severity, and regeneration of vegetation in a Mediterranean forest type ecosystem (National Park "Dajti Mountain", NPDM), in Albania. Landsat 8 satellite imagery was employed to calculate various spectral indices such as the Normal Burn Ratio Index (NBR), NBR2, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). Burn severity levels were defined by using the dNBR thresholds developed by Key and Benson (2006). The accuracy of burn severity map produced was evaluated by relating field-based Composite Burn Index (CBI) and satellite-derived metrics (dNBR) from Landsat-8. By means of dNBR and dNBR2 we detected and mapped several burned forest areas within the NPDM, at the sites of Shkallë, Qafëmolle, Ibë, Tujan, Derje, Selbë, Surrel and Dajt, which were affected by wildfire during the year 2017. The dNBR produced the best results for burned areas mapping and burn severity assessment (91.7%) over the dNBR2 (89.8%). The dNBR and dNBR2 index maps showed that a total of 103.59 and 105.72 hectares of forests was affected by wildfire. Areas with different levels of burn severity were detected: 17.29 and 23.80% unburned, 43.36 and 45% low, 15.11 and 12.13% moderate, 24.93 and 21.2% high. Overall, the dNBR2 index produced lower percentages of wildfire-affected areas at high and moderate rates compared to the dNBR index while for unburned areas the dNBR2 index resulted in higher percentages. Vegetation recovery during the subsequent growing season was generally good as revealed by the high dNDVI and dEVI values, indicating the reactivation of photosynthetic activity. This information is useful for forest managers/specialists to design relevant strategies for the proper rehabilitation/management of burned forest areas in the future.
Hybrid Image Segmentation Technique
Authors: Dr. R. S. Jaiswal
Published: October 2022

This paper deals with phase of designing a new approach of segmentation Global Region-based Model and Local Region-based Model. The brief description of proposed scheme is presented, followed by the design. The chapter begins with the introduction followed by discussion of experimental results. The proposed segmentation approach is detailed and followed by its evaluation and comparisons with some existing methods.
International Architecture News
Authors: Grigorieva Anna
Published: October 2022

The news announces the theme of the World Architecture Day and the winners of the International Architecture Competition for the European Parliament Building in Brussels and Kaira Looro 2022.
Happy city: Well-being, comfort and safety of its residents
Authors: Bakaeva Natalia , Afonina Marina , Vetrova Natalia , Chernyaeva Irina , Gaysarova Anastasia
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the impact of urban development and planning on the life and happiness of the population. The ratings of the best cities in the world in terms of quality of life and level of happiness are analyzed. Depending on the goals of urban planning, a happy city is defined by the following concepts: a “smart” city, a city of digital technologies, an eco-city. The criteria for classifying cities as “happy” are considered. A number of demographic and social indicators affecting the level of happiness of the urban population are formulated. The authors discuss the conceptual basis of the development of modern cities on the principles of balanced natural and anthropogenic compatibility with the natural environment. An enlarged calculation of the indicator of the feasibility of city functions was performed (as an example for some Russian cities). The data obtained are compared with the results of a sociological survey (rating of happy cities of the Russian Federation).
The concept of the Interuniversity Campus in Khabarovsk
Authors: Garnaga Anastasia , Samsonova Evgeniya
Published: October 2022

The article attempts to give a typology of existing university and interuniversity campuses. The authors conduct an interdisciplinary study and consider the object not only in the field of architecture and urban planning, but also in the field of urban sociology. The analysis of public opinion is presented as a method of identifying the expectations, needs of the academic community and citizens, which subsequently form the basis of the design specification, making it as realistic as possible and focused on improving the “quality of life” of Khabarovsk residents.
creative city
Authors: Grigoryeva Elena , Lidin Konstantin
Published: October 2022

Creative self-expression is one of the highest forms of happiness. At least that’s what many authoritative sources claim. After the release of The Creative City by Charles Landry, the phrase became a trendy meme and a beacon for urban planners. It is believed that the opportunity for creativity can attract the most valuable, educated, efficient and productive residents to the city. How reasonable is this attitude to creativity? How realistic are the hopes for a ‘creative class’ (R. Florida) in the development of cities? Or is it a poetic myth, a dream of some ‘blue cities’ from an old song? The materials in this section reflect on the relationship between poetry and urban planning, the search for happiness in the nostalgic memories, in the transformation of old industrial buildings into cultural centers, and vice versa, in the transformation of old districts into centers of new technologies filled with the romance of tomorrow. An article on the dreamlike substance of such a familiar element as the staircase concludes this section.
Stairs. Labour and happiness in architecture
Authors: Kapustin Petr
Published: October 2022

Being an integral and necessary element of buildings and structures, stairs is considered not from the common point of view of regulation and construction, but in the presumption of the existence independent of our will, as if we knew nothing about stairs and, first seeing them, began to master them with surprise and inspiration. It seems that such a view is capable of discovering the new in the familiar.
A picturesque interior space
Authors: Ulyanova Natalia
Published: October 2022

The dwelling interior is an essential component of everyday happiness. One of the most ancient and effective means to achieve psychological comfort in the house is easel interior painting. The process of creating interior paintings for two very different customers is considered through specific examples. It is shown that the final result should take into account both the personal characteristics of the person for whom the picture is intended and the ergonomic characteristics of the living space, its size, lighting, and so on.
Albazin: Russian outpost on the Amur
Authors: Kradin Nikolai
Published: October 2022

The article examines the architecture of the first wooden fortress in the Amur region, which became a kind of outpost on the border with Manchuria. The author analyzes the planning structure of the fortress and its design features associated with the change of the first fort with palisades to a fortress with log walls, and then a timber-earth fortress surrounded by an earthen rampart. The article was written on the basis of a study of literature, archival materials and a field study conducted by the author at the site of the Albazin fort in 2009.
Ekspertinės švietimo institucijos Lietuvoje: Vyriausybės strateginės analizės centro (STRATA) indėlis formuojant nacionalinę švietimo politiką
Authors: Brazinskaitė Aušra , Kėvišas Magnus Tomas
Published: October 2022

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas santykis tarp tikslingai kuriamos Lietuvos švietimo sistemos ir vienos iš Lie­tuvos ekspertinių švietimo institucijų – Vyriausybės strateginės analizės centro (STRATA). STRATA yra seniai švietimo politikos lauke ekspertines išvadas (rekomendacijas) teikianti organizacija, nūdien dar labiau plečianti veiklą. Tokių Lietuvoje veikiančių, sprendimų priėmėjams tyrimais grįstą informaciją teikiančių institutų veiklos poveikis iki šiol nenagrinėtas. Faktiniai 2018–2020 m. švietimo lauke įgyvendinti politikos pokyčiai straipsnyje lyginami su STRATA darbais, siekiant įvertinti šiuos aspektus: pirma, kokia apimtimi, kurie sprendimų priėmėjai, kokiais tikslais naudojasi STRATA produkcija; antra, kokį poveikį faktiniam politikos formavimo procesui turi STRATA nudirbtas darbas. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad STRATA indėlis į švietimo politikos sprendimų genezę menkas. Dažniausiai naudojamasi pirminiais STRATA surinktais ir apdorotais duomenimis, bet ne STRATA daromomis išvadomis ar rekomendacijomis. Atlikta analizė laikytina išeities tašku platesnei diskusijai dėl viešaisiais asignavimais finansuojamų ekspertinių analitinių centrų indėlio Lietuvos viešojo politinio gyvenimo procese.
Contributions of primary sources to submicron organic aerosols in Delhi, India
Authors: Bhandari Sahil , Arub Zainab , Habib Gazala , Apte Joshua S. , Hildebrandt Ruiz Lea
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Delhi, India, experiences extremely high concentrations of
primary organic aerosol (POA). Few prior source apportionment studies on
Delhi have captured the influence of biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) and cooking organic aerosol
(COA) on POA. In a companion paper, we develop a new method to conduct
source apportionment resolved by time of day using the underlying approach
of positive matrix factorization (PMF). We call this approach “time-of-day
PMF” and statistically demonstrate the improvements of this approach over
traditional PMF. Here, we quantify the contributions of BBOA, COA, and
hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA) by applying positive matrix
factorization (PMF) resolved by time of day on two seasons (winter and
monsoon seasons of 2017) using organic aerosol measurements from an aerosol chemical
speciation monitor (ACSM). We deploy the EPA PMF tool with the underlying
Multilinear Engine (ME-2) as the PMF solver. We also conduct detailed
uncertainty analysis for statistical validation of our results. HOA is a major constituent of POA in both winter and the monsoon. In addition to
HOA, COA is found to be a major constituent of POA in the monsoon, and BBOA is
found to be a major constituent of POA in the winter. Neither COA nor the
different types of BBOA were resolved in the seasonal (not time-resolved)
analysis. The COA mass spectra (MS) profiles are consistent with mass
spectral profiles from Delhi and around the world, particularly resembling
MS of heated cooking oils with a high m/z 41. The BBOA MS have a very prominent
m/z 29 in addition to the characteristic peak at m/z 60, consistent with previous
MS observed in Delhi and from wood burning sources. In addition to
separating the POA, our technique also captures changes in MS profiles with
the time of day, a unique feature among source apportionment approaches
available. In addition to the primary factors, we separate two to three oxygenated organic
aerosol (OOA)
components. When all factors are recombined to total POA and OOA, our
results are consistent with seasonal PMF analysis conducted using EPA PMF.
Results from this work can be used to better design policies that target
relevant primary sources of organic aerosols in Delhi.
Quality control and correction method for air temperature data from a citizen science weather station network in Leuven, Belgium
Authors: Beele Eva , Reyniers Maarten , Aerts Raf , Somers Ben
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The growing trend toward urbanisation and the increasingly frequent occurrence of extreme weather
events emphasise the need for further monitoring and understanding of weather in cities. In
order to gain information on these intra-urban weather patterns, dense high-quality atmospheric measurements are needed. Crowdsourced weather stations
(CWSs) could be a promising solution to realise such monitoring networks in a
cost-efficient way. However, due to their nontraditional measuring equipment and
installation settings, the quality of datasets from these networks remains an issue. This paper presents crowdsourced data from the “Leuven.cool” network,
a citizen science network of around 100 low-cost weather stations (Fine
Offset WH2600) distributed across Leuven, Belgium (50∘52′ N,
4∘42′ E). The dataset is accompanied by a newly developed station-specific temperature quality control (QC) and correction procedure. The
procedure consists of three levels that remove implausible measurements while
also correcting for inter-station (between-station) and intra-station (station-specific) temperature biases by means of a random forest approach. The QC
method is evaluated using data from four WH2600 stations installed next to
official weather stations belonging to the Royal Meteorological Institute of
Belgium (RMI). A positive temperature bias with a strong relation to the
incoming solar radiation was found between the CWS data and the official data.
The QC method is able to reduce this bias from 0.15 ± 0.56 to 0.00 ± 0.28 K. After evaluation, the QC method is
applied to the data of the Leuven.cool network, making it a very suitable dataset to study local weather phenomena, such as the urban heat island (UHI) effect, in detail. (https://doi.org/10.48804/SSRN3F, Beele et al., 2022).
A modeling framework to understand historical and projected ocean climate change in large coupled ensembles
Authors: Silvy Yona , Rousset Clément , Guilyardi Eric , Sallée Jean-Baptiste , Mignot Juliette , Ethé Christian , Madec Gurvan
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The ocean responds to climate change through modifications of heat, freshwater and momentum fluxes at its boundaries. Disentangling the specific role of each of these contributors in shaping the changes of the thermohaline structure of the ocean is central for our process understanding of climate change and requires the design of specific numerical experiments. While it has been partly addressed by modeling studies using idealized CO2 forcings, the time evolution of these individual contributions during historical and projected climate change is however lacking. Here, we propose a novel modeling framework to isolate these contributions in coupled climate models for which large ensembles of historical and scenario simulations are available. The first step consists in reproducing a coupled pre-industrial control simulation with an ocean-only configuration, forced by prescribed fluxes at its interface, diagnosed from the coupled model. In a second step, we extract the external forcing perturbations from the historical+scenario ensemble of coupled simulations, and we add them to the prescribed fluxes of the ocean-only configuration. We then successfully replicate the ocean's response to historical and projected climate change in the coupled model during 1850–2100. In a third step, this full response is decomposed in sensitivity experiments in which the forcing perturbations are applied individually to the heat, freshwater and momentum fluxes. Passive tracers of temperature and salinity are implemented to discriminate the addition of heat and freshwater flux anomalies from the redistribution of pre-industrial heat and salt content in response to ocean circulation changes. Here, we first present this general framework and then apply it to the IPSL-CM6A-LR model and its ocean component NEMO3.6. This framework brings new opportunities to precisely explore the mechanisms driving historical and projected ocean changes within single climate models.
A tool for air pollution scenarios (TAPS v1.0) to enable global, long-term, and flexible study of climate and air quality policies
Authors: Atkinson William , Eastham Sebastian D. , Chen Y.-H. Henry , Morris Jennifer , Paltsev Sergey , Schlosser C. Adam , Selin Noelle E.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Air pollution is a major sustainability challenge – and future
anthropogenic precursor and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will greatly affect human well-being. While mitigating climate change can reduce air pollution both directly and indirectly, distinct policy levers can affect these two interconnected sustainability issues across a wide range of scenarios. We help to assess such issues by presenting a public Tool for Air Pollution Scenarios (TAPS) that can flexibly assess pollutant emissions from a variety of climate and air quality actions, through the tool's coupling with socioeconomic modeling of climate change mitigation. In this study, we develop and implement TAPS with three components: recent global and fuel-specific anthropogenic emissions inventories, scenarios of emitting activities to 2100 from the MIT Economic Projection and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model, and emissions intensity trends based on recent scenario data from the Greenhouse Gas–Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) model. An initial application shows that in scenarios with less climate and pollution policy ambition, near-term air quality improvements from existing policies are eclipsed by long-term emissions increases – particularly from industrial processes that combine sharp production growth with less stringent pollution controls in developing regions. Additional climate actions would substantially reduce air pollutant emissions related to fossil fuel (such as sulfur and nitrogen oxides), while further pollution controls would lead to larger reductions for ammonia and organic carbon (OC). Future applications of TAPS could explore diverse regional and global policies that affect these emissions, using pollutant emissions results to drive global atmospheric chemical transport models to study the scenarios' health impacts.
Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje para la creación de hubs sociales
Authors: Ramírez-Mera Urith , Marin Victoria I.
Published: October 2022

En los últimos años se ha puesto especial atención en los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (EPA) que, debido a sus características, han permitido enfatizar la construcción de nodos de información, interacción y comunicación. Tomando en cuenta la extensa bibliografía relacionada con los retos de enseñar y aprender en tiempos de Covid-19 y con los EPA, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo el alumnado de educación virtual construye su EPA, con especial énfasis en la creación de hubs sociales en contextos híbridos. Este estudio se realiza en el contexto mexicano a través del cuestionario validado y adaptado CAPPLE, considerando al alumnado de educación superior en educación virtual. La construcción de un modelo híbrido de aprendizaje debe tomar en cuenta el equilibrio entre el EPA virtual y presencial, así como el nivel de alfabetización digital que posee el alumnado. Los resultados arrojaron información sobre la organización y la comunicación para la construcción de hubs sociales que podrían derivar en la generación de comunidades de práctica.
Les lieux d’apprentissage et de formation sont-ils devenus des hubs sociaux éducatifs?
Authors: Gobert Thierry
Published: October 2022

L'objet de ce numéro de Médiations et médiatisations est d’interroger les dynamiques de pôle ou de hub social à l’œuvre dans le milieu éducatif et chez les apprenants. Il aborde les spécificités des hubs et des hubs sociaux en croisant des thématiques d’éducation et de communication : processus identitaires et appartenance à un groupe ou une institution, pratiques de médiation techniques et non techniques, approches infocommunicationnelles, continuité pédagogique, questions vives en éducation et dans les organisations. Ce numéro est composé de six articles de recherche, d’un article de praticien, d'un article de discussions et débats, et d'un entretien.
Analysis of regulatory documents and standards regulating quality requirements and methods of control of male sperm
Authors: Barzykina S. N. , Borunova S. M. , Abramov P. N.
Published: October 2022

Artificial insemination allows to solve a number of problems of purebred breeding of dogs, which causes great interest of breeders and kennel clubs.

Evaluation of the quality of sperm by physical, biological and morphological indicators makes it possible to assess fertility and, as a result, predict the effectiveness of artificial insemination. Evaluation of sperm quality according to veterinary and sanitary indicators eliminates the risk of using for artificial insemination of sperm contaminated with microorganisms that can have a negative effect on sperm, reduce fertilizing ability, cause a number of gynecological diseases and lead to failures in the reproductive system, cause fetal development pathologies, mummification, cause abortions, stillbirth and death of puppies in the first days of life. The use of high-quality sperm production for artificial insemination of bitches is the key to obtaining a multi-fertile healthy litter.

To date, national and interstate standards have not been put into effect on the territory of the Russian Federation that establish rules and methods of research (testing, analysis) of male sperm in terms of quality, technical specifications that establish regulatory requirements for the sperm of male producers, standards that establish sampling methods for freshly obtained undiluted, freshly obtained diluted and frozen male sperm.
Indicators of cellular immunity in cows with genital Mycoplasmosis
Authors: Vasiliev R. M.
Published: October 2022

Urogenital mycoplasmosis is currently widespread in livestock farms both in our country and abroad. Unfortunately, today we have little data on the pathogenesis of this disease, and in particular on the state of the immune system of cows with genital mycoplasmosis. We have carried out a comparative study of indicators of cellular immunity in healthy cows and cows with genital mycoplasmosis. The study was carried out on pregnant cows. In healthy and mycoplasma-infected cows, the relative and absolute content of lymphocyte subpopulations was determined. It has been established that with genital mycoplasmosis in cows there is a significant decrease in the number of leukocytes and a decrease in the relative and absolute content of B-lymphocytes. Thus, infected animals develop a moderate immunodeficiency state due to prolonged exposure to mycoplasma metabolites, which inhibit the proliferative activity of immunocompetent cells. These changes should be taken into account when developing treatment regimens for genital mycoplasmosis.
Efficiency of application of automatic milking systems (AMS)
Authors: Vinogradova N. D. , Paderina R. V.
Published: October 2022

The use of robots for milking cows contributes to the emergence of an almost new technology, the main essence of which is the self-service of the animal. She leaves the cow the right to freedom of choice of the term and frequency of visits to the milking parlor. [2]

However, studies have shown that not all animals get used to milking by a robot quickly enough: 188 cows of the studied livestock went to milking 896 times, while 41 attempts were unsuccessful (4.6%), 2 cows never milked during the day. There are cows in the herd who do not want to go to milking on their own. The number of visits to the milking robot by one cow varied from 2 times a day (3.7%) to 8 times (3.2%). Most cows had 4-5 attempts. It is especially important to note that the maximum duration of milking one fraction out of four varied in different robots from 8 min 14 sec to 14 min 37 sec. The minimum time is from 0 to 6 min 45 sec. the number of such "zero" shares varied from 10.9% (1 robot) to 59% (4 robots). Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of the use of robot milkers, it is necessary to carry out work on the assessment and selection of animals by temperament and by the uniformity of udder development.
Relationship of beta-hydroxybutyrate hyperproduction and intensity of gluconeogenesis in cows in the earlt new-calving period on the background of subclinical and clinical ketosis
Authors: Vasilyeva S. V.
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of a routine examination of cows on the fifth day after calving for the content of betahydroxybutyric acid and glucose in the blood. Out of a total number of analyzes from 452 cows, results from 208 animals with elevated levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate were selected and grouped according to this indicator. An analysis of the ratio of the indicator with the level of glucose in the blood of cows was carried out and an inversely proportional relationship was found within the range of beta-hydroxybutyrate from 1.0 to 3.4 mmol/l. Further growth of BHB occurs in conjunction with the development of hypoglycemia. A decrease in glucose levels is the cause of not only the activation of ketogenesis, but also the triggering of protein proteolysis and gluconeogenesis based on amino acids. Therefore, an increase in the level of βhydroxybutyric acid to 3.65 ± 0.10 mmol/l is accompanied by an imaginary normalization of the glucose concentration, although this mechanism of glucose conversion is maintained due to an extremely undesirable process in this period protein catabolism. An increase in the BHB level above 4.0 mmol/l leads to uncoupling of gluconeogenesis and a decrease in glucose below the physiologically acceptable values. When conducting a correlation analysis, a strong negative relationship was found in the concentration range of β-hydroxybutyric acid (according to the average group values) from 1.20±0.01 to 3.20±0.11 (r= 0.97). In the study within the entire studied range from 1.20±0.01 to 4.80±0.17, the interaction strength decreases (r= -0.59).
Changes the cholesterol on the blood serum of carp under the influence of lead acetate
Authors: Karpenko L. Yu , Polistovskaya P. A. , Ivanova K. P.
Published: October 2022

The article provides an analysis of the effect of lead on the body of carp. The authors considered one of the criteria of lipid metabolism in fish – the concentration of total cholesterol. The level of cholesterol, which is an indispensable structural material for cell membranes, should be in the body within certain limits. The impact of heavy metals on the body of fish can lead to disruption of the functioning of many organ systems, as well as to a change in metabolism in one direction or another. The authors examined the effect of high MPC of lead on four experimental groups contained in solutions Pb (CH3COO)2 appropriate concentrations (0.06 mg/l, 0.6 mg/l, 6 mg/l, 60 mg/l). It has been shown that with an increase in the concentration of a toxic agent (lead acetate), the level of total serum cholesterol increases.