bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Pedestrian Networks Around Metro Stations: An Assessment Based on Approach Routes
Authors: Yang Qiyao , Zhang Zheng , Cai Jun , Ding Mengzhen , Li Lemei , Zhang Shaohua , Song Zhenang , Chen Feiyang , Ling Yi
Published: January 2025

Walking is the primary mode of reaching metro stations, yet the quality of pedestrian networks around these stations has not been well researched. Considering the objective physical characteristics of pedestrian networks and the subjective assessments of walkers on the routes, this study developed an evaluation model that integrated the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method with human–machine adversarial scoring and cosine similarity to validate the reliability. Nineteen indicators concerning four fundamental criteria, including accessibility, convenience, safety, and comfort, were applied with data acquired from eight stations in Tianjin, China. Results reveal that accessibility and safety indicators weigh more than convenience and comfort indicators. The quality of pedestrian networks around the public-service and comprehensive stations scores higher than that around residential stations, while walking environment quality near commercial stations shows significant disparities. These findings highlight the importance of prioritizing accessibility and safety while enhancing convenience and comfort in the renewal of the pedestrian network in Tianjin. The assessment model provides a valuable tool for urban policymakers and planners, enabling the formulation of sound pedestrian-network policies, facilitating higher-quality walking access and egress trips to stations, and encouraging transit-oriented development.
Evaluation and Optimization Research on the Spatial Distribution of Automated External Defibrillators Based on a Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study of Central Urban District of Nanjing, China
Authors: Shi Ge , Liu Jiahang , Chen Chuang , Zhang Jingran , Xu Jinghai , Chen Yu , Na Jiaming , Chen Wei
Published: January 2025

Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are portable emergency medical devices critical for resuscitating individuals experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. The installation of AEDs in public spaces is essential for enhancing society’s emergency response capabilities. However, many cities in China currently face issues such as inadequate AEDs deployment and uneven distribution. This study aims to explore a rational layout plan for AEDs through systematic site optimization. Initially, this paper evaluates the current spatial configuration of AEDs in the central urban district of Nanjing using various spatial analysis methods. Subsequently, a coverage model is constructed to simulate the coverage capacity of potential emergency needs for new facilities, and a genetic algorithm is utilized to solve it. Finally, an AED site selection experiment is conducted, and the site selection results are discussed and analyzed in conjunction with practical conditions. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) AED distribution in Nanjing’s central urban district is clustered, with some areas lacking facilities, and the coverage rate of AEDs within 100 m and 200 m ranges is relatively low, particularly across different types of venues; and (2) the optimization experiment, with 90 new site selection points, effectively addressed AED distribution gaps, significantly improved coverage, and ameliorated the overall distribution across various public venues. This study provides a scientific basis for the rational placement of AEDs in urban public spaces through systematic analysis and optimization experiments. It enhances the efficiency of current AED deployment in the main urban areas of Nanjing and offers significant insights for the optimization of urban emergency resource allocation.
Enhanced Detection of Residual Breast Cancer Post-Excisional Biopsy: Comparative Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced MRI with and Without Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Authors: Mun Han Song , Kang Bong Joo , Kim Sung Hun , Park Ga Eun
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of breast MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in detecting residual lesions in patients with malignancy after excisional biopsy. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2023, 3T breast MRI was performed to assess lesion morphology, residual size, and enhancement kinetics. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured, and the diagnostic outcomes of CE-MRI, CE-MRI with DWI, mammography (MG), and ultrasound (US) were compared with clinical and histopathological data. Results: A total of 152 lesions were analyzed, with 36.2% showing residual malignancy. Both CE-MRI and CE-MRI with DWI effectively identified residual lesions, with significant differences in morphology, size, kinetic patterns, and ADC values (all p < 0.001). CE-MRI with DWI showed a sensitivity of 90.9% and an NPV of 93.6%, compared with 89.1% sensitivity and 92.2% NPV for CE-MRI alone. Sensitivities for MG and US were 57.1% and 38.7%, with NPVs of 64.7% and 59.6%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was highest for CE-MRI with DWI (80.9%), followed by CE-MRI (79.0%), MG (60.3%), and US (59.7%). The AUC for CE-MRI with DWI (0.831) was slightly higher than CE-MRI alone (0.811), though not significant (p = 0.095). AUCs for MG and US were lower at 0.623 and 0.563, with no significant difference between MG and US (p = 0.234). Conclusions: CE-MRI with DWI and CE-MRI alone were comparable and demonstrated excellent performance in discriminating between women with and without residual disease. Integrating CE-MRI with DWI could become a standard protocol for patients with suspected residual malignancy after excisional biopsy.
Herpesvirus Infections After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy and Bispecific Antibodies: A Review
Authors: Sassine Joseph , Siegrist Emily A. , Chemaly Roy F.
Published: January 2025

In this narrative review, we explore the burden and risk factors of various herpesvirus infections in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy or bispecific antibodies (BsAb) for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Antiviral prophylaxis for herpes simplex/varicella zoster viruses became part of the standard of care in this patient population. Breakthrough infections may rarely occur, and the optimal duration of prophylaxis as well as the timing of recombinant zoster immunization remain to be explored. Clinically significant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections can affect up to 10% of patients after CAR-T, depending on the CAR-T product target, post-CAR-T complications such as cytokine release syndrome and the need for glucocorticoid therapy. Surveillance and prophylactic strategies for CMV need to be developed, whereas the risk factors for and the burden of CMV infections after BsAb are not yet well-defined. Human herpes virus 6 reactivation and end organ disease such as encephalitis are rarely reported after CAR-T and have not yet been reported after BsAb; additional research is needed.
Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae as a Protein Substitute in Adverse Food Reactions for Canine Dermatitis: Preliminary Results Among Patients
Authors: Srifawattana Nuttawan , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Boonchuay Pinpanit , Na-Lampang Kannika , Piboon Promporn , Umsumarng Sonthaya , Nganvongpanit Korakot
Published: January 2025

Can black soldier fly (BSF) larvae be a protein substitute for managing adverse food reactions (AFRs) in dogs, specifically those with dermatitis? We evaluated BSF larvae’s safety, tolerance, and effectiveness as a novel protein source in dogs with AFRs. Sixteen dogs, including eight healthy controls and eight diagnosed with AFRs, were fed a diet containing BSF larvae for four weeks. Skin conditions, including dermatological lesions and Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS) scores, and gastrointestinal signs, including relevant clinical signs, stool consistency, and hematological and biochemical parameters, were monitored. No significant gastrointestinal side effects were observed. The control and AFRs groups maintained stable body weights, while stool consistency scores did not change significantly. Moreover, skin reaction data obtained before the study were collected through interviews with the owners. The mean PVAS scores in the AFRs group were significantly higher (p < 0.05) during the self-control period (6.0 ± 1.6) when compared with other periods. However, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the pre-study baseline (2.0 ± 1.1) and scores at 2 weeks (2.3 ± 1.5) and 4 weeks (2.4 ± 1.2) of feeding with BSF-based food, which indicated that BSF larvae did not exacerbate pruritic symptoms. Hematology and blood chemistry remained within normal ranges in all dogs, indicating no adverse effects on overall health. BSF larvae were well tolerated by AFR-affected and control dogs, with no adverse clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that BSF larvae may offer a better, sustainable alternative protein source for managing AFRs in dogs, particularly in those on hypoallergenic diets. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm these results and assess the broader implications of BSF larvae diets on canine health.
Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Narrative Review
Authors: Janáky Márta , Braunitzer Gábor
Published: January 2025

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) encompasses inherited retinal dystrophies, appearing either as an isolated eye condition or as part of a broader systemic syndrome, known as syndromic RP. In these cases, RP includes systemic symptoms impacting other organs, complicating diagnosis and management. This review highlights key systemic syndromes linked with RP, such as Usher, Bardet–Biedl, and Alström syndromes, focusing on genetic mutations, inheritance, and clinical symptoms. These insights support clinicians in recognizing syndromic RP early. Ocular signs like nystagmus and congenital cataracts may indicate systemic disease, prompting genetic testing. Conversely, systemic symptoms may necessitate eye exams, even if vision symptoms are absent. Understanding the systemic aspects of these syndromes emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary collaboration among ophthalmologists, pediatricians, and other specialists to optimize patient care. The review also addresses emerging genetic therapies aimed at both visual and systemic symptoms, though more extensive studies are required to confirm their effectiveness. Overall, by detailing the genetic and clinical profiles of syndromic RP, this review seeks to aid healthcare professionals in diagnosing and managing these complex conditions more effectively, enhancing patient outcomes through timely, specialized intervention.
The Response Patterns of Non-Native Rotifer Species Kellicottia bostoniensis (Rousselet, 1908) to Environmental Factors and Its Relationship with Potential Competitors and Predators
Authors: Hong Geun-Hyeok , Choi Yerim , Lee Dae-Hee , Kim Jeong-Hui , Chang Kwang-Hyeon , Oh Hye-Ji
Published: January 2025

Kellicottia bostoniensis is a rotifer species originating from North America, with numerous reports documenting its spread to Europe and South America. Meanwhile, in Asia, the occurrence of this non-native species has been scarcely documented, but its presence was recently reported in Korea in 2020. In Korea, the close geographic proximity of artificial reservoirs within a small area is expected to make the region vulnerable to the spread of K. bostoniensis. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to study the spatio-temporal distribution of K. bostoniensis, which appears to have extensively proliferated across the region, and its relationship with environmental factors. We analyzed the response of K. bostoniensis occurrence to environmental factors and aimed to compare its response patterns with those of potential competitor and predator groups, which were classified based on a functional group approach. This study, conducted on 12 small lakes located under similar climatic conditions, revealed that the response of K. bostoniensis to variables representing the trophic state of the lakes differed from those of the potential competitor and predator groups. The study sites, encompassing a wide range of trophic states from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic, across various lakes and survey periods, were well-suited for examining these relationships. Furthermore, when TSI was calculated to compare the abundance of K. bostoniensis and potential competitors across trophic conditions, the abundance of potential competitors was proportional to TSI. In contrast, K. bostoniensis exhibited higher abundances in mesotrophic and lower eutrophic environments, which distinguished it from its competitors. Our results indicate that the impact of introduced K. bostoniensis on native communities is minimal, while the resistance of native communities through the biological filter based on biological interactions is ineffective against this non-native rotifer species. This provides key evidence for explaining the widespread distribution of K. bostoniensis across continents.
Enhancing Reservoir Design by Integrating Resilience into the Modified Sequent Peak Algorithm (MSPA 2024)
Authors: Saket Oskoui Issa , Portela Maria Manuela , Almeida Carina
Published: January 2025

This study introduces the modified sequent peak algorithm (MSPA 2024), an advanced reservoir design framework that incorporates resilience as a key performance metric alongside traditional measures like reliability and vulnerability. By integrating resilience thresholds, MSPA 2024 addresses the complexities of water resource management under diverse hydrological conditions and demand scenarios. Comparative analyses reveal that MSPA 2024 surpasses traditional approaches, such as behavior analysis (BA) and earlier MSPA versions, particularly in maintaining higher resilience and sustainability at lower reliability levels. Although it requires greater storage capacity and experiences higher evaporation losses, MSPA 2024 proves effective in ensuring resilience under challenging conditions, making it especially suitable for long-term water management in drought-prone regions. The key findings highlight its performance across varied demand scenarios, emphasizing the importance of tailoring MSPA 2024 applications to specific hydrological contexts. While achieving 100% resilience is optimal, this study demonstrates the practicality of lower resilience thresholds (e.g., 75% and 50%), showcasing MSPA 2024’s adaptability to diverse operational needs. These results underscore MSPA 2024’s potential to enhance resilient and sustainable water systems, offering a vital tool for addressing increased water scarcity driven by climate change.
Coadsorption of Tetracycline and Copper(II) by KOH-Modified biomass and biochar Derived from Corn Straw in aqueous Solution
Authors: Guo Yiping , Zhang Qianqian , Feng Weijie , Ni Shihang , Li Guoting
Published: January 2025

The coexistence of antibiotics and heavy metals in water environments always results in greater toxicity compared to the single pollution. Consequently, the development of efficient and economical technologies for the removal of antibiotics and heavy metals is essential. This study prepared KOH-modified biomass (KCS) and KOH-modified biochar (KCSB) for the coadsorption of tetracycline (TC) and Cu(II) in an aqueous solution. The removal performance and mechanism of TC and Cu(II) are to be explored through single-system and binary-system studies, adsorption isotherms, and kinetic models. The results indicate a synergistic effect between TC and Cu(II); the maximum adsorption capacity of KCS for TC and Cu(II) is 107.97 mg/g and 58.44 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, KCSB exhibits a maximum adsorption capacity of 109.32 mg/g for TC and 116.61 mg/g for Cu(II). The synergistic removal mechanism of TC and Cu(II) involved pore filling, hydrogen bonding, surface complexation, π–π interaction, ion exchange, and precipitation. Among them, KCS and KCSB have stronger π–π interactions with TC than ion exchange with Cu(II), while KCSB has stronger surface complexation and ion exchange with Cu(II) than KCS. This study provides a more cost-effective biomass adsorbent material for simultaneous removal of TC and Cu(II).
Proportional-Switch Adjustment Process-Based Day-by-Day Evolution Model for Mixed Traffic Flow in an Autonomous Driving Environment
Authors: Huang Yihao , Zhang Han , Kuang Aiwu
Published: January 2025

Given the rapid development of technologies such as new energy vehicles, autonomous driving, and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, a mixed traffic flow comprising connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) is anticipated to emerge. This necessitates the development of a daily dynamic evolution model for mixed traffic flow to address the dynamic traffic management needs of urban environments characterized by mixed traffic. The daily dynamic evolution model can capture the temporal evolution of traffic flow in road networks, with a focus on the daily path choice behavior of travelers and the evolving traffic flow in the network. First, based on the travel characteristics of CAVs and HDVs, the user group in a connected autonomous driving environment is classified into three categories, each adhering to the system optimal (SO) criterion, the user equilibrium (UE) criterion, or the stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) criterion. Next, the pure HDV traffic capacity BPR (Bureau of Public Roads) function is adapted into a heterogeneous traffic flow travel time function to compute the travel time cost for mixed traffic flow. Based on the energy consumption calculation formula for HDVs, the impact of CAVs is fully considered to establish the travel energy consumption cost for both CAVs and HDVs. The total individual travel cost for CAVs and HDVs encompasses both travel time cost and energy consumption cost. Furthermore, a daily dynamic evolution model for mixed traffic flow in a connected autonomous driving environment is developed using the proportional-switch adjustment process (PAP) model. The fundamental properties of the model are validated. Finally, numerical simulations on an N-dimensional (N-D) network confirm the validity and effectiveness of the daily evolution model for mixed traffic flow. A sensitivity analysis of traveler responses in the daily evolution model reveals that, as the sensitivity of CAVs to impedance changes increases, the fluctuations in mixed traffic flow during the early stages of evolution become more pronounced, and the time required to reach a mixed-equilibrium state decreases. Therefore, the PAP-based daily dynamic evolution model for mixed traffic flow effectively captures the evolution process of CAV and HDV mixed traffic flow and supports urban traffic management in a connected autonomous driving environment.
It’s the Social Interaction That Matters: Exploring Residents’ Motivation to Invest in the Community-Shared Charging Post Co-Construction Project
Authors: Yang Junchao , Peng Ziyang
Published: January 2025

Countries worldwide are increasingly focused on addressing the imbalance between the supply and demand for EV charging infrastructure, with the community-shared charging post (CSCP) co-construction project emerging as a promising solution. The broad participation and investment support of the residents are the keys to the success of the CSCP co-construction project. This study, grounded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) from social psychology, incorporated factors such as community identity, perceived green value, economic benefit, uncivil behaviors, and perceived risk to construct a structural model explaining community residents’ intention to invest in the CSCP co-construction project. This research confirmed that (1) 85.73% of respondents expressed strong recognition of the CSCP co-construction project, with a mean recognition score of 5.56 out of a possible 7; (2) an individual’s social-related perceptions, including the subjective norms and community identity are the strongest determinant of the intention to invest in the CSCP co-construction project; (3) the willingness to invest in CSCP co-construction project differs significantly between the EV group and the non-EV group. Economic benefit was significant only for the non-EV group, while uncivil behaviors were significant only for the EV group. These results provide valuable guidelines for governments and corporations that are promoting or pursuing sharing community for the residents.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ВРЕМЕНИ СУТОК НА ДВИГАТЕЛЬНУЮ АКТИВНОСТЬ, ТЕМПЕРАТУРУ И РН СОДЕРЖИМОГО РУБЦА КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА
Authors: ВЛАДИМИРОВ Ф.Е. , ХАКИМОВ А.Р. , БАЗАЕВ С.О. , ЮРОЧКА С.С.
Published: January 2025

Изучено влияние времени суток на двигательную активность (ДА), pH и температуру содержимого рубца (РpH и РТ) у дойных коров. Исследование проведено на 13 клинически здоровых первотелках голштинской породы при беспривязном их содержании и 3-кратном доении. Кормовой рацион, сбалансированный в соответствии с физиологическими потребностями животных, был одинаковым в течение года. Среднее значение РpH за 3 исследуемых дня у коров составило 6,39, РТ — 39,41°C и ДА — 10,05. Средний показатель РpH находился в диапазоне 5,97—6,77, РТ — 38,85—40,23°C, ДА — 3,73—15,35. Показатели стандартного отклонения для РpH были стабильны и равнялись 0,13—0,24, что составляет всего 2,03—3,76% от среднего. Стандартное отклонение РТ составляло 0,48—1,34 (1,22—3,44% от среднего). Параметры стандартного отклонения ДА были равны 1,18—7,91, или 11,74—78,71% от среднего показателя двигательной активности. Наблюдалась суточная цикличность pH рубца с максимальными значениями с 1:00 до 5:00 и минимальными — в вечерние часы. Потребление воды вызывало кратковременное (около 30 мин) снижение РТ. Двигательная активность коров характеризовалась волнообразными колебаниями без резких изменений. Дальнейшие исследования необходимо проводить для оценки влияния времени года на эти параметры.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of time of day on the pH of the rumen contents (RpH), temperature (RT) and motor activity (MA) of dairy cows. The study was conducted on 13 clinically healthy Holstein heifer cows. The cows were milked 3 times a day at 06:00, 15:00 and 22:00. The cows were kept in a barn with a loose housing system and received a feed ration throughout the year at the same time, balanced in accordance with their physiological needs. The average value of RpH for all 3 days in animals was 6.39, RT —39.41°C and MA — 10.05. The average RpH was in the range from 5.97 to 6.77, RT from 38.85°C to 40.23°C, MA from 3.73 to 15.35. The standard deviation values for acidity were very stable and ranged from 0.13 to 0.24, which is only 2.03—3.76% of the average. It can be concluded that the daily stability of acidity in animals is high. The standard deviation values for RT ranged from 0.48 to 1.34, which is only 1.22—3.44% of the average. The standard deviation values for MA ranged from 1.18 to 7.91, which is 11.74—78.71% of the average MA, from which it can be concluded that animal activity indicators are extremely unstable.
МОЛОЧНАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КОРОВ ГОЛШТИНСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ УРОВНЕЙ СТРЕССОУСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ПРИ РОБОТИЗИРОВАННОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДОЕНИЯ
Authors: ЧЕЧЕНИХИНА О.С. , МЕНЩИКОВ Н.Н.
Published: January 2025

В статье проанализирована молочная продуктивность коров голштинской породы различных уровней стрессоустойчивости при роботизированной технологии доения. Исследования проведены на базе племенного предприятия Свердловской области. Выборочная совокупность (n=120) состояла из коров молочного направления продуктивности различного возраста. Исследуемых животных распределили по уровню устойчивости к стрессу (высокий, средний, низкий) относительно концентрации гормонов в сыворотке крови, рефлекса торможения молокоотдачи и синхронности молоковыведения. Установлено, что более высокая и достоверная разница в удое за первые 100 дней лактации оказалась у коров, распределенных по коэффициенту синхронности молокоотдачи (940,2 кг при P<0,001); в удое за 305 дней лактации — у коров, распределенных по уровню гормонов в крови (438,0 кг) и коэффициенту синхронности молокоотдачи (404,2 кг); в массовой доле белка в молоке — у коров, распределенных относительно рефлекса торможения молокоотдачи (0,06% при P<0,05) и коэффициента ее синхронности (0,12% при P<0,01); в живой массе — у коров, распределенных относительно рефлекса торможения молокоотдачи (18,6 кг). Рекомендуем предприятиям, специализирующимся на производстве молока, включать оценку уровня стрессоустойчивости стада в перечень показателей при отборе коров для роботизированного доения, учитывая при этом рефлекс торможения молокоотдачи и коэффициент синхронности молоковыведения.

The article analyzes the milk productivity of Holstein cows of various levels of stress resistance with robotic milking technology. The research was conducted on the basis of a breeding enterprise in the Sverdlovsk region. The sample population (n=120) consisted of dairy cows of various ages. The studied animals were distributed according to the level of resistance to stress (high, medium, low) relative to the concentration of hormones in the blood serum, the reflex of inhibition of lactation and synchronicity of lactation. It was found that a higher and more significant difference in milk yield for the first 100 days of lactation was found in cows distributed by the coefficient of synchronicity of milk production (940.2 kg at P<0.001); in milk yield for 305 days of lactation — in cows distributed by the level of hormones in the blood (438.0 kg) and the coefficient of synchronicity of milk production (404.2 kg); in the mass fraction of protein in milk — in cows distributed relative to the reflex of inhibition of milk production (0.06% at P<0.05) and its synchronicity coefficient (0.12% at P<0.01); in live weight — in cows distributed relative to the reflex of inhibition of milk production (18.6 kg). We recommend that enterprises specializing in milk production include an assessment of the level of stress resistance of the herd in the list of indicators when selecting cows for robotic milking, taking into account the reflex of inhibition of milk production and the coefficient of synchronicity of milk production.
Sous les armes au Moyen Âge tardif en Europe centrale et orientale. Le cas de la campagne ottomane de 1476
Authors: Mirea Andrei
Published: January 2025

The article examines the context of the Moldavian-Ottoman war of 1476 from the perspective of the fighters’ desertion from the Christian armies involved in this military conflict (there are considered the armies of Moldavia, Hungary, and Poland). There is also highlighted the military, social and climatic context of Southeast Europe which contributed to the phenomenon of desertion in the summer of 1476. In the case of the army of Stephen the Great, it is argued that neither the militarily necessary to defeat the Crimean Tatar army nor the boyars’ treason can explain the desertion of a portion of the Moldavian army before the battle of Războieni.Keywords: Stephen the Great, Moldavia, Ottoman Empire, desertion, treason.
توظيف تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في العمل الخيري: تقنيات مقترحة لبيت الزكاة والأمانة العامة للأوقاف بدولة الكويت
Authors: الناهض عبدالعزيز أحمد
Published: January 2025

فكرة البحث: تقوم على الاستفادة من تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي ومحاولة اقتراح توظيفها لتحسين العمل الخيري لدى كل من بيت الزكاة والأمانة العامة للأوقاف بدولة الكويت. أهمية البحث: إن العمل الخيري في دولة الكويت ليس ببعيد من الاستفادة من تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي، بل إن التأخر في توظيف هذه التقنيات سيُضيع الكثير من الفرص والقدرات في خدمة المتبرعين والمحتاجين على حد سواء. هدف البحث: يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة مدى إمكان توظيف تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحسين العمل الخيري، من خلال بيان مجالات التوظيف المقترحة التي يمكن تطبيقها على بيت الزكاة والأمانة العامة للأوقاف بدولة الكويت، كما يهدف البحث إلى بيان الضوابط والمعايير الأخلاقية لاستخدام تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في العمل الخيري. منهج البحث: يعتمد البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي للوصول إلى مجالات مقترحة لتوظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في العمل الخيري بدولة الكويت، وعلى المنهج التحليلي لاستنباط الضوابط والمعايير الأخلاقية لاستخدام تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في العمل الخيري. أبرز النتائج: من إيجابيات توظيف تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في العمل الخيري: سهولة الوصول للمانحين والمستفيدين، وتحقيق شفافية عالية في عرض الحاجات من غير تحيز، مع الحفاظ على كرامة المستفيدين من العمل الخيري. بالإمكان لبيت الزكاة توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي لتحسين تجربة المتبرعين من خلال مجموعة من التقنيات: كتحليل البيانات الضخمة (Big Data Analytics) لتحسين جمع التبرعات، والاستفادة من خوارزميات التوصية (Recommendation Algorithms) لتقديم توصيات مخصصة للمتبرعين بناءً على سلوكهم التبرعي؛ كما يمكن الاستفادة من تقنية النظم الخبيرة (Expert Systems) في تحسين خدمات الإفتاء وحساب الزكاة للمتبرعين أليًا. كما يمكن للأمانة العامة للأوقاف الاستفادة من تقنية العقود الذكية (Smart Contract) من خلال تبسيط وتسهيل صياغة وإبرام الحجج الوقفية، من غير حاجة لطرف ثالث، كما يمكن توثيقها من خلال تقنية البلوك تشين (Blockchain). أبرز التوصيات: ضرورة الاستفادة من تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحسين العمل الخيري، والعمل على وضع ضوابط ومعايير أخلاقية محددة من قبل الجهات الإشرافية لضمان عدم وقوع سلبيات في توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في العمل الخيري.
Innovation in Alternative Material for Craft Business Industry
Authors: Arafat Bryan , Fatchurrohman Nanang
Published: January 2025

Rattan is one of the primary forest products in Indonesia, following timber in terms of recognition and utilization. Its unique characteristics, such as flexibility, strength, and durability, make it a preferred raw material for the furniture and handicraft industries. Despite its potential, the development of Indonesia’s rattan industry has been relatively slow. In response, the Indonesian government issued a regulation in 2011 to restrict the export of raw and semi-finished rattan to boost domestic production and value-added processes. According to the Indonesian Rattan Foundation (2010), the annual demand for semi-finished Manau rattan in Indonesia reached 619,538 tons, while the need for finished rattan stood at 533,658 tons. This demand is expected to increase due to government procurement programs supporting domestic production. Indonesia dominates the global rattan market, accounting for approximately 80% of global rattan supply, with production centers located in Kalimantan, Sumatra, Sulawesi, and Papua. West Sumatra is a notable producer, ranking as the sixth-largest rattan-producing province in the country. In Padang, West Sumatra, the rattan processing industry operates as a small and medium enterprise (SME) sector under the city’s Department of Industry, Trade, Mining, and Energy. However, the current production capacity of 48 tons per year in Padang remains insufficient to meet national demand, indicating a significant opportunity for industry expansion and value chain enhancement to strengthen Indonesia’s position as the leading rattan producer globally.
Potential of Planting Guide, Rain Pattern and Double Cropping of Cowpea (SasaKawa), Jute and Spinach in a Planting Season: A Climate Change Mitigation Strategy for Federal College of Education (Technical) Bichi (FCETB) Old Site, Sudan Savanna Region of Nigeria.
Authors: Abdulazeez, A. Abdulazeez, A.
Published: January 2025

Climate change is a threat in peasant agricultural communities of Sudan Savanna and Northen Nigeria in general where FCETB old site is located. This study documents information on planting guide, rain pattern and potential of double cropping of cowpea (SasaKawa), Jute and Spinach in a planting season as a climate change mitigation strategy for Federal College of Education (Technical) Bichi Old Site, Sudan Savanna Region of Nigeria. The trials were carried out in 2023 and 2024 planting seasons, plot size was 8.0m x 7.0m each replicated twice and crops yields data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics mean analysis. Analyses of FCETB old site weather of 2023 and 2024 revealed high impact on cowpea, jute and spinach average yields. In both 2023 and 2024 planting seasons, the first set of cowpea, jute and spinach was planted in mid-June (16th) and harvested in August (19th-30th), while the second set of the crops was planted in early September (4h) and harvested in early November (8th-20th). The cowpea gave total average grain yields of 2,939kg/ha (equivalent to $4,055.8 or #67,597.0) in 2023 and 2,961kg/ha (equivalent to $4,086.1 or #68,103.0) in 2024, total cowpea average fodder was 5,439kg/ha in 2023 and 5,441kg/ha in 2024, Jute produced total average fresh vegetables of 4,967kg/ha in 2023 and 4,761 in 2024, Spinach yielded total fresh vegetable of 5,139kg/ha (equivalent to $4,625.1 or #77,085.0) in 2023 and 4,795kg/ha (equivalent to $4,316.0 or #71,925.0) fresh vegetable in 2024. The study reveals that with adoption of the planting guide and rain pattern it is feasible for peasant farmers, agricultural education students, academic and non-teaching staff in Federal College of Education (Technical) Bichi old site to practice double cropping of cowpea (SasaKawa), Jute and Spinach in a planting season for income, revenue generation, job, food security and climate change mitigation strategy.
Development of Visitor Interest Detection and Tracking System in The Museums
Authors: Breitner Alberth Reza , Bandung Yoanes
Published: January 2025

Understanding what interests’ visitors in museum collections is crucial for improving exhibitions and enhancing the visitor experience. Traditional methods such as surveys and direct observation have limitations, including bias and difficulties in collecting real-time data. This paper presents a web-based system that utilizes advanced computer vision techniques to track and measure visitor interest in real time. The system, developed using the Django framework with JavaScript and HTML for the front end, and SQLite3 for the database, was tested in a live museum setting. It employed a YOLO-based object detection model and the BotSort algorithm, achieving 88.5% accuracy and a 93.9% F1 score, even in low-light conditions. During a 1-week trial at the National Awakening Museum in Jakarta, the system detected 1,221 interested visitors and 6,666 passing visitors. Usability testing showed that 90% of the 10 respondents were very pleased with the system. The system is scalable, cost-effective, and well-suited for museums of all sizes.
Performance of pile groups and multiple pile group systems in soft clay-silt deposits
Authors: Prakoso Widjojo , Yuwono Amelia
Published: January 2025

The acceptable performance of pile groups and multiple pile group systems subjected to lateral forces would be critical in ensuring the overall performance of the supported structures. This issue is explored further for driven concrete piles in soft clay-silt deposits, and this paper is to examine the performance of driven piles in pile groups and multiple pile group systems by performing a series of 3D finite element analyses. Three clay-silt shear strength values are assumed to represent typical soft-medium clay-silt deposits. Major findings reported include 1) the additional “efficiency” factors representing complex interactions among pile groups within a multiple pile groups system, and how these factors affected by the soil strength, 2) the subsequent complex development of pile structural plastic hinges in multiple pile group systems, and 3) the effect of the complex interactions of the pile structural capacity and the soil strength on the performance of pile groups and multiple pile groups systems.
Vivir entre católicos o entre ‘herejes’: movilidad y control religioso de Magdalena Hodston, una mujer protestante en Cartagena de Indias, 1711-1713
Authors: Sánchez Torres Lireida José
Published: January 2025

Entre 1711 y 1713 la Inquisición de Cartagena de Indias procesó a MagdalenaHodston, una fémina de “nación inglesa”, quien radicó en esa ciudad portuaria,generando grandes interrogantes. Su caso es significativo pues no existen estudiossobre el tema. En este sentido, su causa nos permitirá reflexionar no sólo sobresu historia de vida, sino también sobre el control religioso que ejercía laInquisición y la movilidad de las mujeres protestantes en los dominios hispánicos,misma que se enmarca en las relaciones diplomáticas de la Monarquía españolacon otros reinos.
La invención de la Guerra de Castas en Yucatán, 1847-1927
Authors: Campos García Melchor
Published: January 2025

La rebelión indígena que estalló en Yucatán en julio de 1847 conmocionóprofundamente a la sociedad regional y detonó actividades intelectuales con elafán de imponer una visión de los acontecimientos. El objetivo del ensayo consisteen desentrañar la invención del neologismo Guerra de Castas, construido pordistintos artífices, desde historiadores, periodistas, literatos o escritores en unlargo periodo, desde la detonación del conflicto bélico interno hasta la elaboraciónde un discurso ultramontano en 1927.
La Cristiada en Zamora y su región: el caso del padre Francisco Esquivel, alias Capitán Villalobos
Authors: Iñiguez Mendoza Marco Ulises
Published: January 2025

Se revisa la trayectoria del presbítero michoacano Francisco Esquivel: de seminarista a capitán cristero, y luego a sacerdote, partiendo de dos escritos autobiográficos inéditos que incrementan el acervo de la literatura sobre la Guerra Cristera. Analizamos las razones que decidieron al seminarista a tomar las armas, como parte de la controversia de siglos en el pensamiento cristiano sobre lalegitimidad de la violencia.
Fábricas del alma: publicidad y campo psi en México (1876-1911)
Authors: Olivier Toledo Carlos
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo explica la forma en que la primera ola farmacéutica dedicadaa la cura de las enfermedades mentales se instaló en Ciudad de México, entre1876 y 1911. Plantea la premisa de que fue debido a la expansión de los saberespsicológicos que el mercado de la enfermedad mental tuvo una favorableacogida. Analiza los diversos espacios en que se promovieron tales saberes yofrece una explicación sobre la llegada del mercado psi. Hace énfasis en lo quetales productos pretendían restablecer y las prácticas de convencimiento queutilizaron las empresas.
Cárcel, diplomacia e hispanofobia en tiempos de la Revolución Mexicana: el caso del español Augusto Ibáñez Serrano (1916-1917)
Authors: Sola Ayape Carlos
Published: January 2025

En mayo de 1916, el español Augusto Ibáñez Serrano fue detenido por la policíaen México D. F. y, de inmediato, internado en la Penitenciaría de Lecumberri,tras ser acusado de colaborar con el general Félix Díaz, uno de los militaresenemigos del proyecto constitucionalista de Venustiano Carranza. En estecontexto histórico, marcado por liderazgos enfrentados, fuertes tensionesrevolucionarias y una acuciante hispanofobia, el objetivo de este artículo espresentar y analizar el proceso penal de este súbdito español durante sus 13 mesesde reclusión, donde, entre otras particularidades, destacaría el incondicionalapoyo diplomático del gobierno de Alfonso XIII y, en particular, de la Legaciónde España en México.
El Fondo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes y la reorientación de las políticas culturales para el fomento a la creación en México, 1988-2023
Authors: Cedeño Méndez Rosanna
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza la reorientación del perfil de la política cultural del Estadomexicano tras la creación del Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes(CONACULTA) durante la presidencia de Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Dichareorientación y sus resultados son observables a través de los programas y formasde operación del Fondo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes (FONCA), creado en1989, los cuales introdujeron un mecanismo hasta antes inédito para el estímuloa la creación y difusión cultural: las becas asignadas a los artistas mediante fondosconcursables. Mecanismo que, desde entonces, se constituyó en un eje rector dela política cultural en México.
Instantaneous deposition-rate modulator for vacuum vapor deposition: fabrication of polarization gradated organic film
Authors: Kim Sowon , Ohara Masahiro , Fukagawa Hirohiko , Ishii Hisao
Published: January 2025

The molecular orientation and properties of vapor-deposited organic films are essential for device performance and typically governed by the deposition rate. Controlling the orientation during film growth allows the optimization of local properties from the interface to the bulk region. However, conventional deposition faces challenges in rapid wide-ranging rate adjustment due to the required stabilization time. We introduce a velocity selector that enables instantaneous deposition rate changes by modulating the molecular transmission through blade rotation. Using the proposed selector, we precisely control the spontaneous orientation polarization in Alq3 films by continuously varying deposition rates, achieving flexible polarization grading within organic films.
Spin polarised quantum conductance in 1D channels
Authors: Montagu Henry , Farrer Ian , Ritchie David , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: January 2025

We report the experimental observation of a spin-polarised conductance plateau at e
2/h in a clean one-dimensional (1D) quantum wire defined by back-gated, split gate devices on a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure in the absence of a magnetic field. The 1D devices were fabricated using standard lithography techniques consisting of split gates, and a custom-designed back gate allows for the modulation of carrier density within the 1D channel. The differential conductance shows regular quantised plateaus in units of 2e
2/h as a function of back gate voltage, including the observation of the 0.7(2e
2/h) conductance anomaly. The 0.7 anomaly, on reducing the charge carrier concentration, gradually converts into a 0.5(2e
2/h) structure, indicating the lifting of spin degeneracy in the absence of a magnetic field. Our results suggest the potential of low-density 1D devices for applications in spintronics and quantum electronics.
Magnetic noise detection and imaging from a superparamagnetic core-shell particle via an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in a thin diamond chip
Authors: Gas-osoth Thitinun , Hayashi Kunitaka , Prananto Dwi , An Toshu
Published: January 2025

We describe a local fluctuating magnetic field detection of Fe3O4 superparamagnetic core–shell particles via relaxometry of an ensemble of NV centers in a diamond. A thin diamond chip enables optical access to the contact position of the magnetic particle through the backside. A significant drop in NV relaxation time near the particle was observed and was evaluated using a model incorporating ensemble NVs and magnetic particles. Additionally, the local magnetization curve (B-H curve) was measured by analyzing ODMR frequency splitting under external magnetic fields aligned with an NV axis. This study expands the NV sensing to applications involving collective superparamagnetic particles.
Influence of the alumina amount on the properties of alumina­chromia­zirconia­silica refractories with a 30 % Cr2O3 content
Authors: Shulyk I. G. , Mishnyova Yu. Ye.
Published: January 2025

Alumina­chromia­zirconia­silica (ACZS) refractories with a 30 % Cr2O3 content are used to line the upper structure of glass furnaces at E­glass production plants, which are exposed to high­temperature components of the glass charge and glass mass and are characterized by increased corrosion resistance to the melt of this glass. Such refractories produced by the existing technology have high property indicators, however, there are lining zones in the glass furnace that require increased strength of refractories, so it is important to increase the cold crushing strength of these refractories by optimizing the ratio of the batch components for their production.
The influence of the alumina amount in the batch on the properties of green samples, and fired at 1580 ºС samples, of pressed ACZS refractories with a 30 % Cr2O3 content was studied.
The charge composition was determined, which allows to produce samples with the apparent density of freshly formed and dried green samples, apparent density, open porosity and thermal shock resistance after firing, that are close to those of the samples from the basic batch, but have a cold crushing strength after firing 1.2 times higher than that of the samples made from the basic batch. This batch composition can be recommended for the production of experimental ACZS refractories with a 30 % Cr2O3 content having increased strength.
Based on the research results, the technology of ACZS refractories was improved and a new type of these refractories with increased strength was developed.
Investigation of mechanical properties of spinel­containing glass­ceramic materials
Authors: Savvova O. V. , Tur O. G. , Klimov M. M. , Timofeev V. D. , Shaligina O. V.
Published: January 2025

This work aims to study the mechanical properties of spinel­based glass ceramics in relation to their structure. The tasks of the work are: comparative analysis of transparent high­strength ceramic and glass­ceramic materials; study of the properties of spinel­based glass­ceramic materials in connection with their structure; recommendations on the use of high­strength glass­ceramic materials and prospects for their development.
Application areas of spinel­based ceramic materials as multifunctional products were analyzed. The perspective of using glass­ceramic materials as protective elements of optics, aviation and ground transport was investigated.
The presence of the crystalline phase was established using X­ray phase analysis, which was carried out at the DRON—3 installation. Petrographic studies were carried out using an optical polarizing microscope NU—2E. The Vickers hardness and the crack resistance index were determined by indenting the Vickers pyramid with a load of 5000 g on the pyramid for 10 measurements using the TMV—1000 device. Impact toughness was determined according to (EN1288—1:2000). The density of materials was measured by the method of hydrostatic weighing in toluene. The modulus of elasticity of materials was investigated using the device “Sound—107” by the method of determining the resonance frequency of oscillations with a relative error of ≈  0.2 %.
Based on a detailed analysis of the structure of glass­ceramic materials, the composition of magnesium­aluminosilicate glasses for obtaining high­strength glass­ceramic materials with high mechanical properties and adjustable light transmission has been substantiated. The technological modes of cooking and heat treatment of glass­ceramic materials were selected. The priority of forming a self­bounded micro­ and nanostructure of glass­ceramic materials under conditions of low­temperature heat treatment to ensure their high mechanical properties was shown. The determining influence on the optical and mechanical properties of glass­ceramic materials of spinel crystalline phases and their dimension, as well as the formation of an oriented structure by directional crystallization, was established. Mechanical (HV = 8.7 ÷ 10.5 GPa; K1C = 4.0 ÷ 6.0 MPa · m1/2; σст = 550 ÷ 650 MPa; KCU = 4.0 ÷ 5.5 kJ/m2) and optical properties of glass­ceramic materials (T = 72 %) and their density (ρ = 2550 ÷ 2850 kg/m3).
A comparative evaluation of known transparent ceramic and glass­ceramic materials indicates the expediency of using the developed materials both in the glazing of aviation equipment and for the protection of special ground equipment.