bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mouth breathing – A predictor for patient satisfaction after nasal septoplasty?
Authors: Bruehlmann C. , Buser N. , Soyka M.B.
Published: November 2021

Background: No reliable marker exists to predict septoplasty outcome. Most patients suffering from nasal airway obstruction (NAO) caused by a deviation of the nasal septum report a bothersome mouth breathing and dryness. In this study our aim was to assess, whether mouth breathing could be objectified in these patients and whether mouth breathing could predict septoplasty outcome. Methods: A monocentric, prospective case-control study of 21 patients was conducted. The proportion of mouth breathing was measured in a blinded manner. As a measurement of patient satisfaction, subjective symptoms pre- and postoperatively, were assessed by using VAS, NOSE and SNOT-20 score. In the patient group an additional acoustic rhinometry and a clinical examination of the nose were performed. Results: With a mean of 25% (SD = 20%) the proportion of mouth breathing in patients with NAO did not differ significantly from the proportion in controls without NAO, with a mean of 27% (SD = 23%). Analysis of subjective scores revealed a significant reduction of subjective symptoms after septoplasty. A higher preoperative proportion of mouth breathing correlated with more remaining postoperative NAO. Conclusions: The percentage of mouth breathing is no different in patients with symptomatic septal deviation than in control patients. Mouth breathing in patients with NAO, evaluated for septoplasty, could be a negative predictive factor for patient satisfaction after nasal septoplasty. Mouth breathing in these patients should be observed carefully because more preoperative mouth breathing should make one more hesitant to consider septoplasty.
Artistik Yüzmeye Uyarlanan Don Quixote Balesinin Koreografi Analizi
Authors: AKGÜN Gökçe
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada bale eserlerinin artistik yüzme sporuna uyarlanmasında gereken temel özelliklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Seçilen Don Quixote balesinin artistik yüzme yarışma koreografisine uyarlanmasında dikkat çeken noktaların ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiş ve hazırlanan örnek çalışmayla günümüzde bale sanatının kullanım alanının genişlemesinde artistik yüzme sporunun etkisini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Bale eserinin artistik yüzmeye uyarlanması hareket, mimik ve Don Quixote balesi özelinde değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma grubunu Don Quixote konulu artistik yüzme ve bale koreografileri oluşturmaktadır. Artistik yüzme ve bale koreografileri, canlı performans kayıtları üzerinden süresine göre sürekli gözlem yapılarak hareketler açısından analiz edilmiştir. Artistik yüzme koreografisi analizi için seçilen müzikler ve Don Quixote balesinde kullanıldığı yerler belirlenmiştir. Her müzik bölümünün önce bale sonra artistik yüzme koreografisi incelenerek benzerlik ve farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Artistik yüzmeye uyarlanan Don Quixote balesindeki karakteristik kol hareketleri ve pozlar çok az kısıtlılıkla aktarılmıştır. Bacak hareketleri artistik yüzmenin baş aşağı hareket etme özelliğinden dolayı baledekine benzer şekilde uygulanamamıştır. Bale konulu bir eserin artistik yüzmeye uyarlanması sırasında müzik seçimine, karakteristik kol ve bacak hareketlerine, anlık pozlara ve duyguları anlatan mimik canlandırmalarına dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir.
A required course in leadership, entrepreneurship, and administration in pharmacy
Authors: DiPietro Mager Natalie , Ernst Kevin M. , Parker Kyle W. , Bates Brittany N. , Aronson Benjamin D.
Published: November 2021

Context: Worldwide, there is growing interest in equipping pharmacy graduates with the requisite skills to assume responsibilities related to management and leadership in the profession. To meet this need, the required course “Leadership, Entrepreneurship, and Administration in Pharmacy” is provided as a culminating experience for pharmacy students.
Description of course: In this course, students learn concepts related to management, leadership, and entrepreneurship and complete assignments including financial statement exercises, human resources management simulations, personal leadership development plans, and business plan projects with professional poster presentations.  The course in its current form has been offered four times to 541 students.     
Evaluation: Student evaluations (n=214) show the course is well-received and provides opportunities to develop knowledge and skills not covered previously. As the pharmacy profession is constantly evolving, students need a strong foundation in management, leadership, and entrepreneurship. Sharing experiences from this course will aid faculty at other institutions wanting to include similar topics in their curriculum.
Correlation Scale, Functional Tests and Comorbidities with Episodes in Cerebrovascular Accident
Authors: Artioli Dérrick Patrick , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: November 2021

Introduction: In assessing patients with a stroke sequel, tonic and postural changes are generally evaluated, but other important information, such as functional capacity, risk of falls, and gait, should also be taken into account. Objective: To correlate the impairment level determined by Brunnstrom's scale, the results of functional tests and analyze the characteristics of the sample as being affected by comorbidities, time and number of strokes occurred. Methods: Cross-sectional evaluation of 50 patients (convenience) at a center of public rehabilitation, using Brunnstrom's scale  (1-6, better limb ability closer to 6), Time Up and Go (TUG) (significant mobility deficit and in risk of falls above 20 seconds), Upright Motor Control Test (UMCT) (1-3, bellow 3 are household walkers), Step Test (ST) (disparity between member refers to slower individuals), registration of comorbidity and the time since the stroke happened and the number of episodes. Results: Grade "4" rated for upper and lower limbs by Brunnstrom's Scale, achieving over 20 seconds in TUG, level 2 in UMCT, and commitment of paretic member related to non-paretic on the ST (p<0.01). There was no influence of the time or number of strokes suffered. The main associations found were hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The Brunnstrom's scale appointed moderate level function impairment for upper and lower limbs. Wherein association with functional tests determines slower and vulnerable individuals, with disability in changing the load support between members, neuromuscular control and balance deficit, fall risk and compromised walking ability.
Aprendizaje de deportes en equipo desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes de Puyehue, Chile
Authors: Añazco Martinez Luis Alfredo , Alvarado Oyarzo Luis Eduardo , Diaz Santibañez Osvaldo Marcelo , Oyarzun Verdugo Miriam Roxana , Salom Aros Vicente Angel
Published: November 2021

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción acerca de los deportes en equipos en las clases de Educación Física en la comuna de Puyehue. Los deportes en equipos contribuyen a la salud física y mental de los estudiantes y es uno de los temas fundamentales dentro de los planes y programas de estudio de Educación Física escolar del Sistema Educativo chileno. En esta investigación se utiliza un cuestionario de percepción con preguntas cerradas, aplicado a 90 estudiantes de tres establecimientos educacionales de la comuna de Puyehue durante el final del año escolar. Los resultados demuestran que el deporte que representa mayor interés en los estudiantes es el fútbol y la práctica de deportes colectivos en la clase de Educación Física principalmente su interés es por gusto y diversión. También los resultados demuestran que utilizar hileras como metodología de enseñanza es lo que menos les gusta realizar a los estudiantes, lo que indica que es importante conocer la percepción de los estudiantes para mejorar la enseñanza de los deportes colectivos.
Maltrato en adultos mayores: importancia de la valoración médico forense
Authors: Oñate Quiroz Francis Giovanna
Published: November 2021

RESUMEN
Introducción: El maltrato y abuso a adultos mayores se ha incrementado en las últimasdécadas, siendo el maltrato físico, psicológico, sexual y negligencia los más comunes
Objetivo: Explicar los aspectos conceptuales y lesionológicos en la evaluación deladulto mayor víctima de maltrato físico, sexual y negligencia.
Resultados: En casos de maltrato físico, las lesiones generalmente son: mayores a 5 cm,con ubicación en extremidades superiores, inferiores, cabeza - cuello y tórax, tienenpatrones específicos como las quemaduras intencionales, o distribución atípica comoen la alopecia traumática. El espectro de lesiones por negligencia incluye principalmente úlceras por presión y complicaciones de enfermedades no tratadas. En hechosde abuso sexual, las lesiones en región genital, oral, anal y las infecciones de transmisión sexual son frecuentes.
Conclusiones: En eventos de maltrato físico, negligencia y abuso sexual, el análisis circunstancial y físico son primordiales. El análisis de patrón de lesiones, ayuda a la sospecha y diagnóstico diferencial con otras lesiones
La esquizofrenia desde un enfoque médico legal y sus implicaciones.
Authors: Villarroel León Jhoanna Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

RESUMEN
La esquizofrenia es un trastorno psicótico donde, por diversas afectaciones bioquímicas y anatómicas, la persona sufre alucinaciones, delirio, lenguaje y pensamientodesorganizado, deterioro cognitivo y pérdida de hábitos entre otras manifestaciones.Aunque popularmente se asocia con actitudes violentas y delictivas, el discernimientoentre la ciencia y el estigma continúa siendo un área gris en el marco de la justicia y lamedicina legal y forense.De esta forma, se dispuso la realización de una revisión teórica para analizar la esquizofrenia y sus implicaciones desde un enfoque médico legal, a través de revisiones científicas que permitan establecer técnicas de temprana identificación e intervención porparte del estado ecuatoriano.Así se espera acumular conocimientos que aborden la temática planteada, haciendo énfasis en el estado actual del problema y lo planteado en las evidencias másrecientes, de manera que esto constituya un paso de avance para la garantía de losderechos humanos y constitucionales de esta población vulnerable.
Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA) secundario a embolia grasa, un desafío diagnóstico, reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Villagómez Estrada Mariela Viviana , Chanchay Karol , Acuña Johana , Peña Edgar
Published: November 2021

Introducción: El síndrome de embolia grasa es una complicación infrecuente potencialmente fulminante que se observa en pacientes  politraumatizados .  La presencia  de glóbulos de grasa en la circulación pulmonar, da  como resultado un cuadro  rápidamente progresivo, que puede llevar a la pérdida del conocimiento  o insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, incluso  al síndrome de dificultad respiratoria del adulto (SDRA). En la radiografía pulmonar se aprecia un patrón difuso similar a la nieve, como resultado del edema pulmonar intersticial típico. El tratamiento es principalmente de soporte. 
Presentación del caso: Describimos  un caso infrecuente de un paciente masculino de 24  años, sin antecedentes médicos, que fue intervenido en 2 ocasiones con fijación interna y colocación de clavo intramedular en peroné y tibia derecha respectivamente, 26 horas posteriores a la primera intervención presenta hipoxemia severa, sin afectación neurológica, e ingresó a nuestra unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI),   se descartó tromboembolia pulmonar, etiología infecciosa y cardiogénica , la  tomografía y radiografía de tórax  evidenció : infiltrados difusos bilaterales compatible con embolia grasa. Se dio tratamiento de soporte con adecuada resolución.
Conclusiones: El  síndrome de dificultad respiratoria del adulto  (SDRA) por embolia  grasa constituye un desafío diagnóstico, el reconocimiento rápido es importante para que la terapia de apoyo pueda instituirse tempranamente.
PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN TENTANG KONTEN TARIAN VIRAL PARA MUSLIMAH PADA APLIKASI TIK TOK
Authors: Sania Alfaini
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang perspektif Al-Qur’an terhadap konten tarian viral para muslimah di aplikasi Tik Tok. Disimpulkan bahwa banyak faktor penyebab para msulimah melakukan tarian tersebut yakni eksistensialisme yang ingin ditonjolkan oleh para muslimah, faktor gaya hidup yang membuat muslimah mudah mengikuti hal yang sedang viral, faktor lemahnya pengetahuan agama, dlln. Sedangkan dampak yang diterima para Muslimah yakni aurat mereka menjadi terbuka, mudah dilihat oleh lelaki non-mahram , memicu muslimah lain untuk mengikutinya dan dapat menyebabkan fitnah bagi muslimah itu sendiriDiperspektifkan kepada Al-Qur’an diantaranya Surat An-Nur ayat 31, Surat Al-Ahzab ayat 33 dan Surat Al-Ahzab ayat 59.
Percepción de la filosofía de RSE, de directivos de mypes del sector servicios en Piedras Negras Coahuila
Authors: Buentello Martínez Clara Patricia , Valenzuela Salazar Nemecio Lorenzo , Gómez Lilia Alanis , Villarreal Sánchez Verónica Lizeth
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las acciones orientadas a conocer la filosofía de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) por parte de los directivos para determinar el grado de voluntad que tienen para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible. El estudio es descriptivo y transversal, contempló una población de 100 empresas con una muestra representativa de 80 micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes). La recopilación de la información se hizo a través de un instrumento que contempla 16 ítems en una escala tipo Likert. De manera general, los resultados mostraron que las empresas encuestadas, en su mayoría, no cuentan con conocimientos formales de la filosofía de RSE, lo que permite identificar las áreas de oportunidad en este campo y colaborar en su desarrollo responsable en favor de la sustentabilidad.

AbstractThe objective of this research is the analysis of actions oriented towards the understanding of social corporate responsibility (CSR) by managers to determine the degree of willingness they have in contributing to sustainable development. This is a descriptive and cross-section research which contemplated a population of 100 enterprises consisting of a representative sample of 80 micro and small enterprises (MSE). The information gathered was performed through an instrument which contemplated 16 items on a Likert scale. In general, results show that the majority of enterprises surveyed lack formal knowledge of CRS philosophy, allowing the identification of areas of opportunities in this field and collaborating to their responsible development in favor of sustainability.
Effect of selected yogic practices on psychological dimensions of Anxiety, Stress, and Depression, etc among the persons during pandemic COVID 19 Lockdown periods
Authors:   MSc yoga, MSc (Psy), PhD scholar, Centre for yoga studies in Yoga Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India., D Ajith Kumar.
Published: November 2021

Back ground: The COVID 2019 is an Epidemic and a notified disaster in India as well as concern of International health and challenge to a psychological resilience Research data are needed to develop evidence-driven strategies to reduce and manage adverse psychological impacts and psychiatric symptoms during the epidemic through yoga practice. Here we added applied yoga, as a tool for improving mental wellbeing, improving quality of life, and reducing effect anxiety. Reducing the negative attitude and creating enthusiasm among the persons under quarantine. Objective: The study was to help and guide people with anxiety disorders and find a way out to get rid of the effect of Anxiety and manage it through yogic practices which improve self-awareness and strategies to respond to the setbacks. Yogic practices aim to improve self-confidence, a system of systemic conscious wellbeing. Scope and limitation: The study is limited to sample population of Trivandrum District Kerala, India. Method and materials: Psychological impact and mental health status were assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The research design consists of two group designs of control and experiments random design with a single group of 30 no’s (females and 15 males) subjects. The data was analyzed through Paired T-test and one-way ANOVA test. Results: Statistical Results shows a significant value of P< 0.05 and the hypothesis have been proved. Conclusion: yoga practices decrease the degree of anxiety and improve mind contextual focus of subjects under training. Finally all dimensions of human potentials and well-being revelation detention of novel idea etc
Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women by Implementing a Healthy Lifestyle and Effective Diet: A Review
Authors:   University of Leeds, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Leeds, UK, Ghosh Sunandita
Published: November 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by conditions such as anovulation, androgen excess, infertility, insulin resistance, depression and amenorrhea. Women with genetic predisposition are at a higher risk of being affected by it. Other environmental factors like sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy eating habits, lack of exercise, obesity has often been seen to trigger the onset of this condition. Due to the increased unhealthy lifestyle more number of women is being diagnosed with PCOS each year. There are also other health risks due to PCOS like impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, abdominal obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Although, there is no permanent cure for PCOS but it can be treated with pharmacotherapy along with implementation of healthy lifestyle and proper diet. If PCOS is diagnosed early and managed properly then the associated reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular abnormalities can be effectively managed or previewed [1]. In this review article some research work has been discussed where implementing a healthy lifestyle and diet has shown to deal with PCOS problems. The effect of consumption of myoinositol, low glycemic index diet and omega 3 fatty acids on PCOS has been emphasised. PCOS is becoming an increasing cause of concern as mostly women in the reproductive age group is affected by it. Many teenage girls in their puberty also gets PCOS. PCOS is known to bring about anxiety and depression in patients. With the other conditions associated with it like excess facial hair growth, overweight, infertility: the anxiety and depression might get enhanced. PCOS may affect the quality of life of individuals if it is not dealt with early on.
Support for Socially Vulnerable Segments of the Population in the Context of Overcoming the Consequences of the Pandemic: Agricultural Technologies, Infrastructure
Authors:   Department of Marketing and Management, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Agriculture University, Omsk, Russia, Stukach Victor F
Published: November 2021

Given the extraordinary nature of the current situation related to the need to overcome the consequences of the pandemic, governments are taking measures to support both the population and the economies of their countries as a whole. Targeted measures are being taken in Russia. Solving problems in the food sector involves moving in different directions. One of them is related to direct support of the population in the form of food distribution. Another direction involves the implementation of complex measures. In particular, the implementation of structural reforms that cover all areas of production, economy, and social sphere. In relation to the Russian economy, this is a problem of high political and social significance: providing food to socially vulnerable categories of the population, and preventing poverty in the agricultural sector. Goal: as part of the implementation of measures to overcome the consequences of the pandemic, to gain new theoretical knowledge on creating a sustainable food supply system, to consider the interaction of all participants in the process of ensuring the food chain from the field(farm) to the counter within the framework of the industrial concept.
Pharmacognosy and Therapeutics: Interaction
Authors:   Professor of Pharmacology, IMDC, Islamabad, Pakistan, Mastoi Baloch Shah Murad , Khan Nusratullah ,   Assistant Prof of Biochemistry at Bolan University of Medical and health Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
Published: November 2021

In the body, liver produces approximately 80% of the cholesterol whereas rest of the cholesterol is obtained from the food like fish, eggs, meat, etc. After having a meal, cholesterol is digested and absorbed in small intestine then the metabolism and storage occurred in the liver. The cholesterol may be secreted by the liver whenever the requirement of cholesterol is needed by the body. Cholesterol is not present in the food which is derived from the plants. We in this study have compared hypolipidemic effects of Fenugreek, Curcuma longa, and Lemon. Study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital Lahore-Pakistan from January 2018 to May 2018. Ninety hyperlipidemic patients of age group 19 to 70 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were diabetic, alcoholic additives, hypertensive patients and those whose kidney or liver functions were impaired. Consent was taken from all participants. Their base line lipid profile was taken in biochemistry laboratory of the hospital. They were divided in three groups i.e. 30 patients in each group. Group-I was advised to take 500 mg of Curcuma longa (haldi) mixed in fresh milk without cream, thrice daily for two months. Group-II patients were advised to take 100 grams of Fenugreek leaves mixed with salad in each meal (thrice daily) for the period of two months. Group-III patients were advised to take 40 ml of fresh lemon juice mixed with 40 ml mineral water thrice daily for two months. They all were advised not to take heavy meal rich with any type of fat like junk food etc. One hour daily brisk walk was advised to all participants. 15 days follow up visit was scheduled for them. After two months their lipid profile was redetermined. When results were compiled and statistically analyzed by applying paired ‘t’ test, it revealed that Curcuma longa decreased total cholesterol, TG, LDL cholesterol 16.10, 20.01, and 17.59 mg/dl respectively. Fenugreek decreased total cholesterol, TGs, and LDL cholesterol 14.70, 17.33, and 17.06 mg/dl respectively. Lemon in two months therapy decreased total cholesterol, TGs, and LDL cholesterol 15.45, 10.13, and 11.97 mg/dl respectively. None of the above mentioned herbs raised HDL cholesterol significantly. It was concluded from this research work that Curcuma longa, Fenugreek leaves and Lemon are mild to moderately effective hypolipidemic herbs to lower total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol but have no potential to raise HDL cholesterol when analyzed biostatistically.
Control efficiency improvement of an electro-hydraulic winch
Authors: Duțu I.C. , Frățilă C. , Axinte T. , Munteanu M.G. , Calancea L. , Diaconu M. , Drăgan C.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents a study regarding electro-hydraulic control systems for drive winches, a structural part of LARS (Launch and Recovery Systems). In the Introduction section of the paper, the authors present the domains of the research vessel. Furthermore, there is presented the importance of launch and recovery systems (LARS) and drive winches on the deck of a research vessel. The launch and recovery systems (LARS) using drive winches are installed on the stern of the research vessel. Further in the paper, the authors present the results of studying three simplified systems that use electric, hydraulic and electro-hydraulic driving solutions. Furthermore, there are presented comparative advantages of using this three types of drive winches. At the end of the paper, the authors perform an analysis of the electro-hydraulic systems for the drive winch, using a modelling and simulation software. Each schematic is presented along with its components. Moreover, the authors mention that all the schematics presented in this paper are modelled using FluidSim software from FESTO. In this case, only three mathematic relations are used in the paper: the Cauchy momentum (convective form), the incompressible Euler relations and the pressure losses in the hydraulic and electro-hydraulic drive winch.
Smart and inclusive environments for all - SHAFE explained
Authors: Dantas Carina , Van Staalduinen Willeke , Illario Maddalena , Spiru Luiza
Published: November 2021

The meaning and notion of Smart Healthy Age-Friendly Environments (SHAFE) as a holistic approach that promotes the alignment of policies and strategies across domains is a unique roadmap for the implementation of inclusive communities in and across Europe, improving and supporting independent life throughout its entire course, regardless of age, gender, disabilities, cultural differences and personal choices. When we acknowledge the serious challenges especially those related to demographic change and the COVID-19 pandemic, it is not possible anymore to still work in silos or to keep positions for individual interest. Before any other role, we all are citizens and we have a duty as researchers, academics, policy makers, practitioners, industry and business to work together for a better world. In this paper, the SHAFE concept is explained and an overview of running initiatives is presented. Also the alignment within current policy initiatives of the European Commission is explored and the recognition of SHAFE implemented through NET4Age-Friendly addressed.
Accessibility of alcohol as a risk factor contributing towards alcohol abuse amongst the youth of a selected rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Rabotata Enoch , Makhubele Jabulani , Mafa Prudence
Published: November 2021

Alcohol abuse amongst the youth is one of the major problems the world is facing, especially in rural communities where the majority of young people are unemployed and have little to do with their time. This study sought to determine the accessibility of alcohol amongst the youth of a rural community in Limpopo province, South Africa. This was a qualitative study which employed the exploratory case study research design which allowed the researchers to explore the risk factors for youth alcohol abuse. Interviews were conducted to collect data which was analysed thematically. The Eco-systems theory was used as a guiding theory for this study. The study found that there were clear associations between physical availability of alcohol, its affordability and high density of liquor outlets in one area and youth alcohol abuse. This study concluded that alcohol and other substance abuse call for preventative and intervention measures in rural communities targeted at the youth. Issues such as educating parents and guardians on how to improve their parenting skills in relation to alcohol consumption and the dangers thereof proved to be of greater need in the rural communities.
Examining the current value of indigenous plant material culture in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Rankoana Sejabaledi A.
Published: November 2021

Indigenous plant-derived material culture dominates many of the tools and utensils manufactured and used by communities that depended on the natural resources for their livelihoods. Endemic plants provide humans with essential materials for construction purposes and for the design of household utensils. The goal of this study was to describe the current value of indigenous plant material culture. Semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 127 respondents provide 13 native plants as sources of fibre, timber, culms, oil and dye used to make household utensils, huts, brooms, mats and baskets. The cultural significance of these materials includes the production, preparation, serving and storage of food; house construction; protection of courtyards; and cleaning. These materials are still valued in the culture of the studied community, and represent the tangible heritage of the community.
Social representations of the democracy. Cognitions and attitudes in 34 nations
Authors: Grecu Silviu-Petru
Published: November 2021

This article aims to emphasize the role played by social representations for understanding democracy. In this context, the article is relevant for both political psychology and political normative theory. At the empirical level, the study has several research objectives like: i. to analyse the importance of democratic order in different geographical areas; ii. to estimate several determinants of the satisfaction with democracy; iii. to estimate a model based on social representations of the democratic order. In correlation with the research objectives, empirical findings present three main variables which are related with the satisfaction with democracy (economy, political elite and gender equality with p <0.01). In this context, subjective perception of the economic welfare and political elite are classical variables for explaining the dynamic of democracy. Beyond traditional and liberal framework of understanding democratic order, gender equality is relevant for more than 70% of the statistical sample. In this context, political theory should be nuanced by the empirical findings and should develop a discreet normative framework for understanding the psychological dimension of the democracy.
Dual Protective Functions of Helicobacter pylori Peptidoglycan Modifications Impact Early and Late Survival in the Host
Authors: Wang Ge
Published: November 2021

Structural motifs inherent in bacterial peptidoglycan (PG) are important recognition domains for some efficient host responses to pathogenic bacterial infection, so PG modifications by the infecting bacterium can neutralize host responses. Helicobacter pylori contain two PG modification enzymes, an N-deacetylase (PgdA) and an O-acetyltransferase (PatAB), but some naturally occurring strains lack the latter. Here the lysozyme resistance and the survival in both macrophages and in lysozyme deficient mice were studied for various H. pylori strains. Resistance to lysozyme killing of H. pylori was conferred by PgdA in naturally-occurring strains that lacked PatA (e.g. B128); the lysozyme sensitivity for B128 pgdA mutant was at the same level as that of a double mutant (pgdA patA) version within parent strain X47. Both PgdA- and PatAmediated PG modifications are important to H. pylori survival within macrophages. Mouse studies connected the lysozyme and macrophage results to the in vivo condition, in which lysozyme effects are expected early and cytokine production later, pertaining to specific host recognition events. An increased host lysozyme killing effect associated with the double mutant strain (pgdA patA) was indicated from a reduced colonization phenotype (compared to wild type) after a week post-inoculation of lysozyme-positive mice; at this time point some important anti- H. pylori mouse cytokines were shown to be minimal. At 3 weeks post-inoculation, the levels of 3 cytokines (IL-10, TNF-a, and MIP-2) were significantly higher in sera of mice inoculated with the pgdApatA strain, and the pgdApatA strain showed a greatly attenuated ability of mouse colonization, in contrast to the wild type strain, indicating a significant role of PG modifications in persistent infection through mitigating host immune response. However, the double mutant survived better in lysozyme deficient (LysM-/-) mice, supporting the notion that PgdA- and PatA- mediated PG modifications in H. pylori protect bacteria from killing by host lysozyme.
ARTE NA EDUCAÇÃO COMO FORMA DE INCLUSÃO SOCIAL FEMININO EM ANGOLA: ESTUDO DE CASO DA PROVÍNCIA DE LUANDA
Authors: Mafuani Francisco Alberto
Published: November 2021

O estudo realizado está relacionado com o papel da mulher angolana pela arte na educação como forma de inclusão social, caso município de Belas em Luanda, pois entende-se que é importante meio para o desenvolvimento do ser humano, socialmente, psicologicamente, emocionalmente, assim como no aspecto cientifico. Acredita-se que através da arte na educação é possível desenvolver certas áreas do conhecimento como a percepção visual, auditiva, a expressão corporal, a intuição, a imaginação, o pensamento analógico, concreto, holístico e a reflexão, permitindo assim o desenvolvimento da criatividade, sendo também uma forma de estímulo para o educando, em especial para o portador de necessidades educativas especiais. A arte pode ser um meio de realização e um instrumento de trabalho para qualquer pessoa, tanto no meio familiar quanto no social. Pressupõe-se que a sociedade precisa de assumir o seu papel, criando condições e oportunidades de acesso ao trabalho e comercialização de trabalhos realizados por pessoas portadoras de necessidades especiais. Os objectivos específicosdeste artido  é demonstrar a evolução da arte na comunidade feminina em Luanda concretamente no Município de Belas; enumerar os factores determinantes desta realidade e estabelecer a diferença entre as mulheres envolvidas na arte e as não envolvidas.
"Viagem da Volta: movimento e identidade quilombola entre Paraná e Minas Gerais"
Authors: Damas Dandara
Published: November 2021

O capítulo é resultado da pesquisa realizada junto à “Comunidade Quilombola Manoel Ciriaco dos Santos”, localizada em Guaíra/PR, problematizando a vinculação direta entre a legitimidade da reivindicação territorial das comunidades quilombolas e a ideia de territorialidade fixa, que tem sido presumida pela política de garantia de direitos territoriais quilombolas no Brasil. A pesquisa indicou como a construção da identidade quilombola é perpassada pelos processos de deslocamentos constitutivos da trajetória das famílias que vivem atualmente em Guaíra/PR, mas são provenientes de Santo Antônio do Itambé/MG. A reivindicação da identidade quilombola é elaborada com base na origem e na ancestralidade comuns com antepassados negros que foram escravizados nesta região de Minas Gerais, a partir da qual ocorre a saída das famílias em busca de melhores condições de vida, na década de 1950, passando pelo estado de São Paulo até a mudança para Guaíra/PR, onde adquirem área própria. Por meio de viagens de retorno a Minas Gerais, realizadas no ano de 2015 em conjunto com os interlocutores quilombolas, foram buscadas informações sobre a origem e a trajetória dessa comunidade, proporcionando o (re)encontro entre parentes perdidos e a possibilidade de acesso às histórias dos antepassados quilombolas, bem como a atualização dos vínculos de parentesco, o que reforçou a reivindicação das famílias que vivem no Paraná, enquanto aspectos centrais para o grupo no processo de luta pelo reconhecimento de sua identidade e de seu território.
Os sentidos e a importância do movimento entre os andamarquinos
Authors: Caballero Indira
Published: November 2021

A mobilidade é uma característica dos povos andinos e em Andamarca, pequeno povoado andino ao sul do departamento de Ayacucho (Peru) de população quechuahablante, não é diferente. Ainda que, muitas vezes, a imagem de povos agricultores seja associada à sedentariedade, este trabalho trata de enfatizar a importância e os sentidos positivos da mobilidade para os andamarquinos que deslocam-se diariamente não apenas porque muitos também são pastores, mas porque a própria atividade agrícola tal como é praticada requer certo movimento. Deslocar-se na paisagem andamarquina envolve relações de intersubjetividade entre o caminhante e o solo por onde ele transita, entre ele e os animais e as plantas que encontra pelo caminho, além dos não-humanos poderosos, cuja proteção deve ser invocada se o que se deseja é ter uma viagem exitosa. Mas há, também, outra forma de mobilidade que não se realiza a pé: é o fluxo contínuo de pessoas, coisas e animais para os grandes centros urbanos da costa peruana. O objetivo deste texto é explicitar que o movimento, num sentido que ultrapassa a mobilidade espacial, enquanto princípio cosmológico estruturante do modo de vida andamarquino, engendra efeitos que tendem a ser positivos; ao passo que outros princípios que se afastam muito desse tendem a vigorar nas cidades.
Humectants as Post-plant Soil Amendments: Effects on Growth and Physiological Activity of Drought-stressed, Container-grown Tree Seedlings
Authors: Roberts Bruce , Linder R. Scott , Krause Charles , Harmanis Ryan
Published: November 2021

One-year-old seedlings of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) were treated with Hydretain ES™(HydES) or EcoSential™(EcoS) applied as a soil drench. A progressive drought cycle was imposed after treatment, and as each seedling wilted, the leaves and roots were harvested. Foliar growth was unaffected by HydES or EcoS, but root growth (roots < 1 mm diameter) was significantly less for seedlings grown in the humectant-treated media. These data, along with measurements of substrate moisture content taken during a similar dry down period, suggest that drought-induced fine root growth in humectant-treated media was slower because there was less need for these roots to extend and proliferate in search of additional soil moisture supplies. In studies conducted the following year, HydES or EcoS were applied as a soil drench to one-year-old seedlings of red maple and river birch (Betula nigra L.) prior to withholding irrigation. In these studies, measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf gas exchange, and xylem water potential indicate that physiological activity was greater for drought-stressed seedlings grown in HydES-treated media compared to similar seedlings grown in EcoS-treated media, a condition attributed to lower levels of plant-water stress (higher xylem water potentials) in the HydES-treated seedlings.
The Relationship Between Structural Root Depth and Vigor of Urban Trees
Authors: Watson Gary , Hewitt Angela
Published: November 2021

The prevalence of deep root systems on urban trees has been well documented, but the consequences are not well understood. The relationship between structural root depth and vigor of street trees was investigated in Greensboro, North Carolina; Snoqualmie, Washington; and Glen Ellyn, Illinois, United States. Regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between root depth and crown vigor, trunk diameter growth, and trunk condition as indicators of tree performance. The average depth of structural roots for most species was less than three centimeters. However, in 10 of the 14 species included in the study, the structural roots of 20%–60% of the individual trees were more than eight centimeters deep. Regression analysis showed a significant relationship between root depth and indicators of tree performance for Acer rubrum, Quercus bicolor, Fraxinus oxycarpa, and Tilia cordata, but no relationship was identified for other species measured. Root depth explained less than half of the reduction in tree performance of these species, however, and is apparently only one of several factors affecting the growth of street trees.
Estimates of the Potential Cost of Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) in Canadian Municipalities
Authors: McKenney Daniel , Pedlar John , Yemshanov Denys , Lyons D. Barry , Campbell Kathy , Lawrence Kevin
Published: November 2021

Emerald ash borer (EAB) is an invasive phloem-feeding insect causing extensive mortality to ash (Fraxinus sp.) in North America. Economic costs associated with EAB-related mortality of street and backyard trees in Canadian urban areas were estimated over a 30-year time horizon. The approach employed a simple spread model to approximate EAB arrival times at each community based on three maximum spread rates: slow (~10 km/year), medium (~30 km/year), and fast (~50 km/year). Costs are estimated for four discount rates (0%, 2%, 4%, and 10%) and three treatment rates (0%, 10%, and 50% of trees treated with an insecticide). Ash density along urban roads was estimated from a variety of sources, including a recently developed survey that allows for rapid assessment of street tree compositions. Based on the 30 km/year spread rate, a 4% discount rate, and a 10% treatment rate, the present value of the costs is estimated to be approximately CAD $524 million (2010 currency rate); this value increases to roughly $890 million when costs associated with backyard trees are included. These estimates are conservative because they focus only on damage to street (and backyard) trees; nonetheless, their magnitude suggests considerable justification for investments to slow the spread of EAB in Canada.
Provenance Experiments with Baldcypress, Live Oak, and Sycamore Illustrate the Potential for Selecting More Sustainable Urban Trees
Authors: Arnold Michael , Bryan Donita , Cabrera Raul , Denny Geoffrey , Griffin Jason , Iles Jeffery , King Andrew , Knox Gary , Lombardini Leonardo , McDonald Garry , McKenney Cynthia , Montague D. Thayne , Niu Genhua , Pemberton H. Brent , Purnell Adam , Shoemake Larry , Struve Daniel , Watson W. Todd
Published: November 2021

Ecotypic, clonal, and racial variation present in tree species across their native ranges represent a largely untapped opportunity to select superior seed sources or clonal materials to withstand a variety of unique environmental stresses imposed in built environments and managed landscapes. This paper focuses on three important woody plant genera (Quercus L., Platanus L., and Taxodium Rich.) and researchers’ efforts to discover superior genotypes with tolerances to environmental stresses, including alkaline soil conditions, moisture deficits, and temperature extremes. The study authors are also interested in exploiting geographic provenances and open-pollinated family selection to identify unique genotypes or populations having desirable ornamental attributes, rapid root regeneration potential, and/or desirable plant architecture. A discussion of current results, potential impacts on selection of urban forest trees for managed landscapes, and plans for future development and research are presented.
Metadata: A pedagogical tool for the teaching of map projections in Elementary School
Authors:   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Intzidou Georgia , Lambrinos Nikos ,   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Tourtouras Christos ,   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Seroglou Fani ,   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: November 2021

Digital interactive maps include a set of metadata, which show the purpose the user can use the map. Metadata in digital interactive world maps inform users about important information, such as the map projection. This research examines whether the educational and teaching use of the metadata of digital interactive maps construct a tool in the approach to the issue of map projection in Elementary School. The research was carried out in 17 Elementary Schools of Thessaloniki, Greece, where 6th-grade students (Ν = 655) were engaged in a series of activities related to metadata and map projections. ArcGIS Online was used as a didactic tool. Results showed that metadata of digital interactive maps have a great pedagogical value. The identification of the different information in the metadata, i.e., the map projection, and the students’ decision of what they can and cannot study with each map, is an important finding regarding their educational relevance.
Electrical Properties of Pure and Modified Copper Tartrate Single Crystals
Authors: Quasim Iqbal
Published: November 2021

The present paper reports the electrical properties of pure and sodium modified copper tartrate single crystals. Single crystal growth of these materials followed by their characteristics has already been published somewhere else. Having achieved the growth of pure and sodium modified copper tartrate single crystals and established their basic characteristics, it is thought worthwhile to have an understanding of their electrical properties and their modification on replacement of some copper ions in the lattice of copper tartrate by sodium ions. The electrical properties are studied by measuring electrical conductivity in the temperature range from 80 to 300 K. The study reveals that conductivity is a function temperature in these crystals. Moreover both pure and modified copper tatrate single crystal are semiconducting but the conductivity of pure modified copper tatrate single crystal is more than that of pure a copper tatrate single crystal. The results have been explained in terms variable range hopping model.
A Subei ‘Cancer Village’
Authors: Yajuan Luo
Published: November 2021

From 2000, local governments actively recruited polluting industries to
move into rural areas of Northern Jiangsu (Subei). This chapter analyses
the case of Dongjing Village. It describes the actual situation regarding
industrial pollution, the interests and choices of the local government,
the villagers’ resistance, the actions and limitations of the media, and
the disconnect between environmental law and the actual handling
of conflicts over pollution. The research found that the attitude and
actions of the government showed a tendency towards post hoc crisis
management. But the problem of industrial pollution is difficult to solve,
and the appearance of ‘cancer villages’ during this period was related
to factors including the cadre evaluation system, the structure of power
and interest relations, and the lack of independence of administrative
agencies.
Problematization and De-stigmatization
Authors: Caihong Li , Pengli Cheng
Published: November 2021

Although they live up and downstream on the same polluted river, residents
of the two villages of Liangqiao and Shangba have quite different
perceptions of the risk of heavy metal pollution from a local mine and
different responses to it. At the time of this research, Liangqiao villagers
were actively trying to problematize pollution, and attract attention in
order to resolve it, while Shangba had already gone through this process
of problematization, and realized that although it had brought some
relief, being known as a ‘cancer village’ also had downsides. It was now
trying to ‘de-stigmatize’ the community. The differences between the two
communities were largely related to factors such as clan organization, local
or migrant origin, population size, economic power and other such factors.
Body, Space, and Migrant Ties
Authors: Pande Amrita
Published: November 2021

In this chapter I contribute to a multi-scalar analysis of migrancy, by
analysing the ways in which migrant domestic workers (MDWs) in Lebanon
experience and shape spaces in embodied ways. I focus on sexual and
spatial ties forged in public spaces like ethnic churches, and private spaces
like apartments. I argue that these ties, fundamentally embedded in
the migrant’s body, are employed for forging conjugal and sexual ties
and forming work alliances with colleagues. An analysis of these ties
deepens conversations around the migrants’ body as a scale of power
and resistance, and challenges the portrayal of MDWs in the Arab world
as ultimate victims of abuse. At another level, these ties challenge the
boundaries between the private-public and sacred-sexual.
Embodying the Good Migrant in Ageing
Authors: Ong Michelle G.
Published: November 2021

This chapter explores the intersection of ageing and migration and
focuses on older women migrants. What subjectivities are available to
such individuals? How do they negotiate a positive identity despite their
(increasing) distance from the ideal? This chapter discusses the ways
ageing women migrants’ subjectivities are shaped by discourses around
ageing and migration in both home and host countries; in particular, the
way narratives of success in migration can be built on the embodiment
of certain ideals around older people and migrants. It is based on two
separate studies utilizing feminist psychology and indigenous Filipino
psychology as a methodological framework.