bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glycolysis-related gene expression profiling serves as a novel prognosis risk predictor for human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lingyu , Li Yu , Dai Yibei , Wang Danhua , Wang Xuchu , Cao Ying , Liu Weiwei , Tao Zhihua
Published: September 2021

Metabolic pattern reconstruction is an important factor in tumor progression. Metabolism of tumor cells is characterized by abnormal increase in anaerobic glycolysis, regardless of high oxygen concentration, resulting in a significant accumulation of energy from glucose sources. These changes promotes rapid cell proliferation and tumor growth, which is further referenced a process known as the Warburg effect. The current study reconstructed the metabolic pattern in progression of cancer to identify genetic changes specific in cancer cells. A total of 12 common types of solid tumors were included in the current study. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to analyze 9 glycolysis-related gene sets, which are implicated in the glycolysis process. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent prognostic variables for construction of a nomogram based on clinicopathological characteristics and a glycolysis-related gene prognostic index (GRGPI). The prognostic model based on glycolysis genes showed high area under the curve (AUC) in LIHC (Liver hepatocellular carcinoma). The findings of the current study showed that 8 genes (AURKA, CDK1, CENPA, DEPDC1, HMMR, KIF20A, PFKFB4, STMN1) were correlated with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Further analysis showed that the prediction model accurately distinguished between high- and low-risk cancer patients among patients in different clusters in LIHC. A nomogram with a well-fitted calibration curve based on gene expression profiles and clinical characteristics showed good discrimination based on internal and external cohorts. These findings indicate that changes in expression level of metabolic genes implicated in glycolysis can contribute to reconstruction of tumor-related microenvironment.
MRI-based in vivo detection of coronary microvascular dysfunction before alterations in cardiac function induced by short-term high-fat diet in mice
Authors: Kwiatkowski Grzegorz , Bar Anna , Jasztal Agnieszka , Chłopicki Stefan
Published: September 2021

Endothelial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of vascular abnormalities in metabolic diseases and has been repeatedly demonstrated in coronary and peripheral circulation in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD), particularly after long-term HFD. However, the temporal relationship between development of coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction and deterioration in diastolic and systolic cardiac function after short-term feeding with HFD has not yet been studied. This study aimed to correlate the changes in coronary microvascular endothelial function and global cardiac performance indices in vivo after short-term feeding with HFD in mice. Short-term feeding with a HFD (60% fat + 1% cholesterol) resulted in severely impaired coronary microvascular function, as evidenced by the diminished effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition (by L-NAME) assessed using T1 mapping via in vivo MRI. Deterioration of coronary microvascular function was detected as early as after 7 days of HFD and further declined after 8 weeks on a HFD. HFD-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction was not associated with impaired myocardial capillary density and was present before systemic insulin resistance assessed by a glucose tolerance test. Basal coronary flow and coronary reserve, as assessed using the A2A adenosine receptor agonist regadenoson, were also not altered in HFD-fed mice. Histological analysis did not reveal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy or fibrosis. Increased lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes was detected as early as after 7 days of HFD and remained at a similar level at 8 weeks on a HFD. Multiparametric cardiac MRI revealed a reduction in systolic heart function, including decreased ejection rate, increased end-systolic volume and decreased myocardial strain in diastole with impaired ejection fraction, but not until 4 weeks of HFD. Short-term feeding with HFD resulted in early endothelial dysfunction in coronary microcirculation that preceded alteration in cardiac function and systemic insulin resistance.
Coastal subsidence increases vulnerability to sea level rise over twenty first century in Cartagena, Caribbean Colombia
Authors: Restrepo-Ángel Juan D. , Mora-Páez Héctor , Díaz Freddy , Govorcin Marin , Wdowinski Shimon , Giraldo-Londoño Leidy , Tosic Marko , Fernández Irene , Paniagua-Arroyave Juan F. , Duque-Trujillo José F.
Published: September 2021

Cartagena is subsiding at a higher rate compared to that of global climate-driven sea level rise. We investigate the relative sea level rise (RSLR) and the influence of vertical land movements in Cartagena through the integration of different datasets, including tide gauge records, GPS geodetic subsidence data, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations of vertical motions. Results reveal a long-term rate (> 60 years) of RSLR of 5.98 ± 0.01 mm/yr. The last two decades exhibited an even greater rate of RSLR of 7.02 ± 0.06 mm/yr. GPS subsidence rates range between − 5.71 ± 2.18 and − 2.85 ± 0.84 mm/yr. InSAR data for the 2014–2020 period show cumulative subsidence rates of up to 72.3 mm. We find that geologically induced vertical motions represent 41% of the observed changes in RSLR and that subsidence poses a major threat to Cartagena’s preservation. The geodetic subsidence rates found would imply a further additional RSLR of 83 mm by 2050 and 225 mm by 2100. The Colombian government should plan for the future and serve as an example to similar cities across the Caribbean.
Comparative analysis of prophages carried by human and animal-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains spreading across the European regions
Authors: Naorem Romen Singh , Goswami Gunajit , Gyorgy Schneider , Fekete Csaba
Published: September 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human and animal pathogen although the animal-associated S. aureus can be a potential risk of human zoonoses. Acquisition of phage-related genomic islands determines the S. aureus species diversity. This study characterized and compared the genome architecture, distribution nature, and evolutionary relationship of 65 complete prophages carried by human and animal-associated S. aureus strains spreading across the European regions. The analyzed prophage genomes showed mosaic architecture with extensive variation in genome size. The phylogenetic analyses generated seven clades in which prophages of the animal-associated S. aureus scattered in all the clades. The S. aureus strains with the same SCCmec type, and clonal complex favored the harboring of similar prophage sequences and suggested that the frequency of phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer is higher between them. The presence of various virulence factors in prophages of animal-associated S. aureus suggested that these prophages could have more pathogenic potential than prophages of human-associated S. aureus. This study showed that the S. aureus phages are dispersed among the several S. aureus serotypes and around the European regions. Further, understanding the phage functional genomics is necessary for the phage-host interactions and could be used for tracing the S. aureus strains transmission.
Long-term trends in the body condition of parents and offspring of Tengmalm’s owls under fluctuating food conditions and climate change
Authors: Kouba Marek , Bartoš Luděk , Bartošová Jitka , Hongisto Kari , Korpimäki Erkki
Published: September 2021

Physical condition is important for the ability to resist various parasites and diseases as well as in escaping predators thus contributing to reproductive success, over-winter survival and possible declines in wildlife populations. However, in-depth research on trends in body condition is rare because decades-long datasets are not available for a majority of species. We analysed the long-term dataset of offspring covering 34 years, male parents (40 years) and female parents (42 years) to find out whether the decline of Tengmalm’s owl population in western Finland is attributable to either decreased adult and/or juvenile body condition in interaction with changing weather conditions and density estimates of main foods. We found that body condition of parent owl males and females declined throughout the 40-year study period whereas the body condition of owlets at the fledging stage very slightly increased. The body condition of parent owls increased with augmenting depth of snow cover in late winter (January to March), and that of offspring improved with increasing precipitation in late spring (May to June). We conclude that the decreasing trend of body condition of parent owl males and females is important factor probably inducing reduced adult survival and reduced reproduction success thus contributing to the long-term decline of the Tengmalm’s owl study population. The very slightly increasing trend of body condition of offspring is obviously not able to compensate the overall decline of Tengmalm’s owl population, because the number of offspring in turn simultaneously decreased considerably in the long-term. The ongoing climate change appeared to work in opposite ways in this case because declining depth of snow cover will make the situation worse but increased precipitation will improve. We suggest that the main reasons for long-term decline of body condition of parent owls are interactive or additive effects of reduced food resources and increased overall predation risk due to habitat degradation (loss and fragmentation of mature and old-growth forests due to clear-felling) subsequently leading to decline of Tengmalm’s owl study population.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive alterations after ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kato Natsuko , Muraga Kanako , Hirata Yoshinori , Shindo Akihiro , Matsuura Keita , Ii Yuichiro , Shiga Mariko , Tabei Ken-ichi , Satoh Masayuki , Fujita Satoshi , Fukuma Tomoyuki , Kagawa Yoshihiko , Fujii Eitaro , Umino Maki , Maeda Masayuki , Sakuma Hajime , Ito Masaaki , Tomimoto Hidekazu
Published: September 2021

Catheter ablation is an important non-pharmacological intervention for atrial fibrillation (AF), but its effect on the incidence of asymptomatic cerebral emboli and long-term effects on cognitive function remain unknown. We prospectively enrolled 101 patients who underwent AF ablation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (72 patients) and neuropsychological assessments (66 patients) were performed 1–3 days (baseline) and 6 months after ablation. Immediately after ablation, diffusion-weighted MRI and 3-dimensional double inversion recovery (3D-DIR) detected embolic microinfarctions in 63 patients (87.5%) and 62 patients (86.1%), respectively. After 6 months, DIR lesions disappeared in 41 patients. Microbleeds (MBs) increased by 17%, and 65% of the de novo MBs were exactly at the same location as the microinfarctions. Average Mini-Mental State Examination scores improved from 27.9 ± 2.4 to 28.5 ± 1.7 (p = 0.037), and detailed neuropsychological assessment scores showed improvement in memory, constructional, and frontal lobe functions. Ejection fraction, left atrial volume index and brain natriuretic peptide level improved from baseline to 3–6 months after ablation. Despite incidental microemboli, cognitive function was preserved 6 months after ablation.
Diffusion-weighted MRI for predicting treatment response in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Min Kyoung , Choi Yangsean , Jung So-Lyung
Published: September 2021

Early prediction of treatment response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is clinically relevant for optimizing treatment strategies. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can predict treatment response of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A systematic search of PubMed-MEDLINE and Embase was performed to identify relevant original articles until July 22, 2021. We included studies which performed DWI for predicting locoregional treatment response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, definitive chemoradiation, or radiation therapy. Hazard ratios were meta-analytically pooled using a random-effects model for the pooled estimates of overall survival, local relapse-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and their 95% CIs. ADC showed a pooled sensitivity of 87% (95% CI 72–94%) and specificity of 70% (95% CI 56–80%) for predicting treatment response. Significant between-study heterogeneity was observed for both pooled sensitivity (I2 = 68.5%) and specificity (I2 = 92.2%) (P < 0.01). The pooled hazard ratios of low pretreatment ADC for assessing overall survival, local relapse-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival were 1.42 (95% CI 1.09–1.85), 2.31 (95% CI 1.42–3.74), and 1.35 (95% CI 1.05–1.74), respectively. In patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, pretreatment ADC demonstrated good predictive performance for treatment response.
Subsidence prediction of overburden strata and ground surface in shallow coal seam mining
Authors: Cao Jian , Huang Qingxiang , Guo Lingfei
Published: September 2021

Shallow coal seam with thick soil layer is widely reserved in the Jurassic Coalfield, Western China, mining-induced subsidence represents complex characteristics. Combining with physical simulation, theoretical analysis and in-situ observation, the overburden strata structure in dip direction were revealed, and the subsidence prediction models were established, based on this, the subsidence equations of overburden strata and ground surface were proposed. The results show that after shallow coal seam mining, based on the subsidence and movement characteristics, the overburden strata structure can be divided into three zones, which are "boundary pillar F-shape zone" (BPZ), "trapezoid goaf zone" (TGZ) and "coal pillar inverted trapezoidal zone" (CPZ). The subsidence of overburden strata depends on the key stratum, while the subsidence of soil layer depends on the bedrock subsidence basin, which is between the bedrock and thick soil layer. The bedrock subsidence is mainly related to mining height and bulking coefficient in TGZ, while it is mainly affected by mining height and distribution load on the key stratum in BPZ and CPZ. According to physical simulation and theoretical model, the maximum surface subsidence of No.1-2 seam mining in Ningtiaota coal mine are 1.1 m and 1.07 m respectively, which is basically consistence with the result of in-situ observation (1.2 m).
MWCNT/rGO/natural rubber latex dispersions for innovative, piezo-resistive and cement-based composite sensors
Authors: Verdolotti L. , Santillo C. , Rollo G. , Romanelli G. , Lavorgna M. , Liguori B. , Lama G. C. , Preziosi E. , Senesi R. , Andreani C. , di Prisco M.
Published: September 2021

The present study is focused on the development and characterization of innovative cementitious-based composite sensors. In particular, multifunctional cement mortars with enhanced piezoresistive properties are realized by exploiting the concept of confinement of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) in a three-dimensional percolated network through the use of a natural-rubber latex aqueous dispersion. The manufactured cement-based composites were characterized by means of Inelastic Neutron Scattering to assess the hydration reactions and the interactions between natural rubber and the hydrated-cement phases and by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray diffraction to evaluate the morphological and mineralogical structure, respectively. Piezo-resistive properties to assess electro-mechanical behavior in strain condition are also measured. The results show that the presence of natural rubber latex allows to obtain a three-dimensional rGO/MWCNTs segregate structure which catalyzes the formation of hydrated phases of the cement and increases the piezo-resistive sensitivity of mortar composites, representing a reliable approach in developing innovative mortar-based piezoresistive strain sensors.
Molecular interpretation of the carbon nitride performance as a template for the transport of anti-cancer drug into the biological membrane
Authors: Zaboli Ameneh , Raissi Heidar , Farzad Farzaneh
Published: September 2021

Evaluation of interaction mechanism between 2-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials and cell membranes is a critical issue in providing guidelines for biomedical applications. Recent progress in computer-aided molecular design tools, especially molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, afford a cost-effective approach to achieving this goal. In this work, based on this hypothesis, by utilizing theoretical methods including MD simulation and free energy calculations, a process is evaluated in which the Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded onto carbon nitride (CN) nanosheet faced with bilayer membrane. It should be mentioned that to achieve an efficient CN-based drug delivery system (DDS), in the first place, the intermolecular interaction between the carrier and DOX is investigated. The obtained results show that the DOX prefers a parallel orientation with respect to the CN surface via the formation of π–π stacking and H-bond interactions. Furthermore, the adsorption energy value between the drug and the carrier is evaluated at about − 312 kJ/mol. Moreover, the investigation of the interaction between the CN-DOX complex and the membrane reveals that due to the presence of polar heads in the lipid bilayer, the contribution of electrostatic energy is higher than the van der Waals energy. The global minimum in free energy surface of the DDS is located between the head groups of the cell membrane. Overall, it can be concluded that the CN nanosheet is a suitable candidate for transfer and stabilize DOX on the membrane.
Using machine learning for predicting intensive care unit resource use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark
Authors: Lorenzen Stephan Sloth , Nielsen Mads , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard , Perner Anders , Thorsen-Meyer Hans-Christian , Igel Christian , Sillesen Martin
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has put massive strains on hospitals, and tools to guide hospital planners in resource allocation during the ebbs and flows of the pandemic are urgently needed. We investigate whether machine learning (ML) can be used for predictions of intensive care requirements a fixed number of days into the future. Retrospective design where health Records from 42,526 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients in Denmark was extracted. Random Forest (RF) models were trained to predict risk of ICU admission and use of mechanical ventilation after n days (n = 1, 2, …, 15). An extended analysis was provided for n = 5 and n = 10. Models predicted n-day risk of ICU admission with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) between 0.981 and 0.995, and n-day risk of use of ventilation with an ROC-AUC between 0.982 and 0.997. The corresponding n-day forecasting models predicted the needed ICU capacity with a coefficient of determination (R2) between 0.334 and 0.989 and use of ventilation with an R2 between 0.446 and 0.973. The forecasting models performed worst, when forecasting many days into the future (for large n). For n = 5, ICU capacity was predicted with ROC-AUC 0.990 and R2 0.928, and use of ventilator was predicted with ROC-AUC 0.994 and R2 0.854. Random Forest-based modelling can be used for accurate n-day forecasting predictions of ICU resource requirements, when n is not too large.
Postnatal development in a marsupial model, the fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata; Dasyuromorphia: Dasyuridae)
Authors: Cook Laura E. , Newton Axel H. , Hipsley Christy A. , Pask Andrew J.
Published: September 2021

Marsupials exhibit unique biological features that provide fascinating insights into many aspects of mammalian development. These include their distinctive mode of reproduction, altricial stage at birth, and the associated heterochrony that is required for their crawl to the pouch and teat attachment. Marsupials are also an invaluable resource for mammalian comparative biology, forming a distinct lineage from the extant placental and egg-laying monotreme mammals. Despite their unique biology, marsupial resources are lagging behind those available for placentals. The fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) is a laboratory based marsupial model, with simple and robust husbandry requirements and a short reproductive cycle making it amenable to experimental manipulations. Here we present a detailed staging series for the fat-tailed dunnart, focusing on their accelerated development of the forelimbs and jaws. This study provides the first skeletal developmental series on S. crassicaudata and provides a fundamental resource for future studies exploring mammalian diversification, development and evolution.
Selectivity of Lewy body protein interactions along the aggregation pathway of α-synuclein
Authors: Leitão André D. G. , Rudolffi-Soto Paulina , Chappard Alexandre , Bhumkar Akshay , Lau Derrick , Hunter Dominic J. B. , Gambin Yann , Sierecki Emma
Published: September 2021

The aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) follows a cascade of oligomeric, prefibrillar and fibrillar forms, culminating in the formation of Lewy Bodies (LB), the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s Disease. Although LB contain over 70 proteins, the potential for interactions along the aggregation pathway of α-SYN is unknown. Here we propose a map of interactions of 65 proteins against different species of α-SYN. We measured binding to monomeric α-SYN using AlphaScreen, a sensitive nano-bead luminescence assay for detection of protein interactions. To access oligomeric species, we used the pathological mutants of α-SYN (A30P, G51D and A53T) which form oligomers with distinct properties. Finally, we generated amyloid fibrils from recombinant α-SYN. Binding to oligomers and fibrils was measured by two-color coincidence detection (TCCD) on a single molecule spectroscopy setup. Overall, we demonstrate that LB components are recruited to specific steps in the aggregation of α-SYN, uncovering future targets to modulate aggregation in synucleinopathies.
Callyspongiolide kills cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction via cellular iron depletion
Authors: Ha Jaeyoung , Park Seung Bum
Published: September 2021

The highly cytotoxic marine natural product callyspongiolide holds great promise as a warhead of antibody-drug conjugate in cancer therapeutics; however, the mechanism underlying its cytotoxicity remains unclear. To elucidate how callyspongiolide kills cells, we employed label-free target identification with thermal stability-shift-based fluorescence difference in two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis (TS-FITGE), which allowed observation of a unique phenomenon of protein-spot separation on 2-D gels upon treatment with callyspongiolide at increasing temperatures. During our exploration of what proteins were associated with this phenomenon as well as why it happens, we found that callyspongiolide induces mitochondrial/lysosomal dysfunction and autophagy inhibition. Moreover, molecular biology studies revealed that callyspongiolide causes lysosomal dysfunction, which induces cellular iron depletion and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cytotoxicity. Notably, these effects were rescued through iron supplementation. Although our approach was unable to reveal the direct protein targets of callyspongiolide, unique phenomena observed only by TS-FITGE provided critical insight into the mechanism of action of callyspongiolide and specifically its cytotoxic activity via induction of mitochondrial dysfunction through cellular iron depletion caused by lysosomal deacidification, which occurred independent of known programmed cell death pathways.
Particle-hole asymmetry in the dynamical spin and charge responses of corner-shared 1D cuprates
Authors: Li Shaozhi , Nocera Alberto , Kumar Umesh , Johnston Steven
Published: September 2021

Although many experiments imply that oxygen orbitals play an essential role in the high-temperature superconducting cuprates, their precise role in collective spin and charge excitations and superconductivity is not yet fully understood. Here, we study the doping-dependent dynamical spin and charge structure factors of single and multi-orbital (pd) models for doped one-dimensional corner-shared spin-chain cuprates using several numerically exact methods. In doing so, we determine the orbital composition of the collective spin and charge excitations of cuprates, with important implications for our understanding of these materials. For example, we observe a particle-hole asymmetry in the orbital-resolved charge excitations, which is directly relevant to resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments and not captured by the single-band Hubbard model. Our results imply that one must explicitly include the oxygen degrees of freedom in order to fully understand some experimental observations on cuprate materials.
Tropical cyclones near landfall can induce their own intensification through feedbacks on radiative forcing
Authors: Lok Charlie C. F. , Chan Johnny C. L. , Toumi Ralf
Published: September 2021

Rapid intensification of near-landfall tropical cyclones is very difficult to predict, and yet has far-reaching consequences due to their disastrous impact to the coastal areas. The focus for improving predictions of rapid intensification has so far been on environmental conditions. Here we use the Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System to simulate tropical cyclones making landfall in South China: Nida (2016), Hato (2107) and Mangkhut (2018). Two smaller storms (Hato and Nida) undergo intensification, which is induced by the storms themselves through their extensive subsidence ahead of the storms, leading to clear skies and strong solar heating of the near-shore sea water over a shallow continental shelf. This heating provides latent heat to the storms, and subsequently intensification occurs. In contrast, such heating does not occur in the larger storm (Mangkhut) due to its widespread cloud cover. This results imply that to improve the prediction of tropical cyclone intensity changes prior to landfall, it is necessary to correctly simulate the short-term evolution of near-shore ocean conditions.
Spatially resolved Eu(iii) environments by chemical microscopy
Authors: Vogel Manja , Steudtner Robin , Fankhänel Tobias , Raff Johannes , Drobot Björn
Published: September 2021

Chemical microscopy provides spatial discrimination of individual europium(iii) species – proteinaceous europium(iii) complexes (orange) and an extracellular europium(iii)-eDNA complex (purple) – in the Shewanella-calcite-europium(iii) system.
Condensation sink of atmospheric vapors: the effect of vapor properties and the resulting uncertainties
Authors: Tuovinen Santeri , Kontkanen Jenni , Cai Runlong , Kulmala Markku
Published: September 2021

The condensation sink depends on vapor properties and thus inaccurate assumptions about them can lead to uncertainties in the descriptions of vapor mass balance or cluster formation.
Porphyrin and single atom featured reticular materials: recent advances and future perspective of solar-driven CO2reduction
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Vishnu Nair , Becerra Jorge , Pena Edward F. , Sakar Mohan , Béland Francois , Do Trong-On
Published: September 2021

Insights into the porphyrin and single-atom featured metal- and covalent-organic frameworks for photocatalytic conversion of CO2into value-added chemical feedstocks under visible light irradiation.
Laser-ablation dependence of fiber-laser-based laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for determining Cu, Mg, and Mn elements in aluminum alloys
Authors: Xu Zhiying , Xu Bohan , Peng Xinying , Qin Yuzhi , Yan Xiaotao , Liao Xiaoyan , Zhang Ning , Lai Qiwei , Li Jiaming , Zhang Qingmao
Published: September 2021

Fast elemental analysis is essential in aluminum alloy manufacture.
Simultaneous determination of Sm–Nd isotopes, trace-element compositions and U–Pb ages of titanite using a laser-ablation split-stream technique with the addition of water vapor
Authors: Zhang Le , Wu Jia-Lin , Zhang Yan-Qiang , Yang Ya-Nan , He Peng-Li , Xia Xiao-Ping , Ren Zhong-Yuan
Published: September 2021

We reported the effect of water vapor on MC–ICP–MS and proposed a method for simultaneous determination of Sm–Nd isotopes, trace-element compositions and U–Pb ages of titanite.
Determination of lead in aqueous solutions using resonant surface-enhanced LIBS
Authors: Liu Kun , Tang Zhiyang , Zhou Ran , Zhang Wen , Li Qingzhou , Zhu Chenwei , He Chao , Liu Ke , Li Xiangyou
Published: September 2021

Resonant surface-enhanced LIBS(R-SENLIBS) was proposed to improve the LoD of lead in aqueous solutions.
Quantitative epitope analysis reveals drastic 63% reduced immuno-affinity and 60% enhanced transmissibility for SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Brunetti Giulio , De Pastina Annalisa , Hegner Martin
Published: September 2021

Quantitative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific immunization from finger prick blood sample within minutes.
ABO3multiferroic perovskite materials for memristive memory and neuromorphic computing
Authors: Sun Bai , Zhou Guangdong , Sun Linfeng , Zhao Hongbin , Chen Yuanzheng , Yang Feng , Zhao Yong , Song Qunliang
Published: September 2021

This article systemically reviews ABO3multiferroic perovskite materials and their applications in memristive memory and neuromorphic computing.
Tailorable multifunctionalities in ultrathin 2D Bi-based layered supercell structures
Authors: He Zihao , Gao Xingyao , Zhang Di , Lu Ping , Wang Xuejing , Kalaswad Matias , Rutherford Bethany X. , Wang Haiyan
Published: September 2021

Ultrathin BFMO layered oxide films were demonstrated to achieve tunable ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties, dielectric permittivity, and optical bandgap.
All-in-one type ESIPT-active multi-stimuli responsive 7-diethylamino-4-hydroxycoumarin-rhodamine B hydrazone as molecular switches and the reversible photochromic features of its zinc ensemble
Authors: Mathivanan Moorthy , Tharmalingam Balamurugan , Anitha Ottoor , Lin Chia-Her , Thiagarajan Viruthachalam , Murugesapandian Balasubramanian
Published: September 2021

A new “all-in-one” type ESIPT-active multifunctional fluorescent compound (DHCRH) exhibits methanol responsiveness, AIE, acidochromism and mechanochromic features. Interestingly its zinc ensemble shows reversible photochromic behaviour.
Building a spontaneously formed and self-healing protective layer with an F-rich electrochemically active organic molecule for ultra-stable Li metal batteries
Authors: Yao Zeyi , Fu Jinzhao , Liu Yangtao , Hou Jiahui , Vanaphuti Panawan , Ma Xiaotu , Zhang Ruihan , Yang Zhenzhen , Wang Yan
Published: September 2021

Tetrafluoro-1,4-benzoquinone (TFBQ) manufactured Li metal batteries.
Effect of sticker clustering on the dynamics of associative networks
Authors: Mahmad Rasid Irina , Do Changwoo , Holten-Andersen Niels , Olsen Bradley D.
Published: September 2021

Exploration of effect of sticker clustering on dynamics of associative polymer networks showed trends in rheological relaxation and diffusion with clustering are different than for uniformly distributed stickers.
Highly reversible aqueous zinc metal batteries enabled by fluorinated interphases in localized high concentration electrolytes
Authors: Chen Shunqiang , Nian Qingshun , Zheng Lei , Xiong Bing-Qing , Wang Zihong , Shen Yanbin , Ren Xiaodi
Published: September 2021

Localized high concentration electrolyte for aqueous zinc batteries using 1,4-dioxane as the diluent enables an ultrahigh coulombic efficiency of Zn metal up to 99.7%.
An air-stable n-type bay-and-headland substituted bis-cyano N–H functionalized perylene diimide for printed electronics
Authors: Park Irene E. , Brixi Samantha , Martell Mark , Ocheje Michael U. , Pettipas Richard D. , Harris Dylan H. , Gelfand Benjamin S. , Rondeau-Gagné Simon , Lessard Benoit H. , Welch Gregory C.
Published: September 2021

Design, synthesis, and characterization of an electron deficient N-H functionalized perylene diimide, with halogen-free solvent solubility, for air-stable transistor operation.
Cubic microlattices embedded in nematic liquid crystals: a Landau-de Gennes study
Authors: Ceuca Razvan-Dumitru
Published: September 2021

We consider a Landau-de Gennes model for a connected cubic lattice scaffold in a nematic host, in a dilute regime. We analyse the homogenised limit for both cases in which the lattice of embedded particles presents or not cubic symmetry and then we compute the free effective energy of the composite material. In the cubic symmetry case, we impose different types of surface anchoring energy densities, such as quartic, Rapini-Papoular or more general versions, and, in this case, we show that we can tune any coefficient from the corresponding bulk potential, especially the phase transition temperature. In the case with loss of cubic symmetry, we prove similar results in which the effective free energy functional has now an additional term, which describes a change in the preferred alignment of the liquid crystal particles inside the domain. Moreover, we compute the rate of convergence for how fast the surface energies converge to the homogenised one and also for how fast the minimisers of the free energies tend to the minimiser of the homogenised free energy.
Relationship between Economy and Environment of the Natural Rubber Plantation in Major Producers
Authors: Shafiyuddin Hilmi Yahya , Amri Komarudin Nurul , Br Tarigan Elsera
Published: September 2021

Thailand, Indonesia, Viet Nam, and India are the major natural rubber producers to date. Natural rubber has become one of the largest export commodities in these countries. It creates job opportunities for the smallholders as well as contributes to the national economy growth. However, a large-scale of natural rubber plantation results in environmental issues such as the nitrous oxide (N2O) emission which is obtained from the use of synthetic fertilizer during the cultivation process. The postulate of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) was employed to examine the relationship between economy and environment from the natural rubber plantation in major producers using secondary data ranging from 2005 to 2018. Therefore, the N2O emission in which represents environmental degradation was regressed with the value of natural rubber production as the proxy for the economy growth using a fixed effect model on the panel data regression analysis. Results show that there is an inverted U-shape curve from the relationship between the N2O emissions and the value of natural rubber production. Hence, this study supports the postulate of EKC’s hypothesis. In addition, results found that the average value of natural rubber production from major producers was not yet reached the turning point of EKC. Some suggestions were made in order to increase the productivity while maintaining yet reducing the emission obtained from the use of synthetic fertilizer during cultivation process.
Roles of Rubber Agroforestry to Support the Sustainability of Protection Forest through Community Forestry Program in Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Christine , Bakri Samsul , Idayanti Prila , Zhafira Ghina , Ghiyats Ghifari Yanfa , Gumay Febriyano Indra , Herwanti Susni , Budiono Pitojo
Published: September 2021

Community Forest (CF) in Way Kanan (WK) District aims to improve the welfare of the community around the forest while maintaining the preservation of forest functions. Specifically, the majority of plants in this protected forest are rubber which is main commodity of the WK so that the sustainability of this plant is important. The research carried out at CF area of Jaya Lestari, Mangga Mulyo, and Panca Tunggal, aims to analyze of social economic and ecological variables of CF in managing agroforestry rubber towards to protection forest sustainability. The analysis of the research results uses the quantitative methods and the multiple linear regression analysis as well as carbon analysis through biomass calculations. The results show that the 3 CF groups has a significant effect on the income level. In addition, the variable of the number of plant types, the CF area and private forest area, also cattle ownership are also significantly different. As for the ecological aspect, it is known that there are 5 variables that are significantly different, namely altitude, temperature, humidity, trees diameter, and canopy. The results of the carbon store analysis show that the mean carbon store is 96.45 ton/Ha.
Impact of Forest Fragment on Bird Community at the Bukit Kuantan Rubber Forest Plantation
Authors: Abdul Kadir Radhiah , Mohammad Mohd Ikram , Zahmir Zulkifli Syaizwan
Published: September 2021

Realizing the potential of expanding rubber forest plantations in Malaysia and the increasing awareness of biodiversity, the Bukit Kuantan rubber forest plantation portrays its ecofriendly nature through several initiatives such as conservation of natural forest fragment within the plantation landscape. By using birds as an indicator, this work aims for a favourable outcome from conservation of the forest fragment and investigate bird diversity in relation to distance from the forest fragment into the rubber forest plantation area. The number of bird species recorded is high in the forest fragment i.e., 45 species, however, the number steadily declined with distance. Likewise, species diversity is high in the forest fragment, H’ = 3.404 but declined with distance. Fourteen (14) species are exclusively found in the forest fragment. Through the findings, it can be deduced that the presence of forest fragment helps to increase bird diversity in the rubber forest plantation, although continuous research is still required to understand how the presence of forest fragment sustains the biodiversity within a plantation landscape.
Potential of Agroforestry System on Peat Land to Enhance Food Security and Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Annisa Wahida , Susilawati Ani , Fahmi Arifin , Husnain  , Nursyamsi Dedi
Published: September 2021

Indonesia is a country with the largest tropical peatlands in the world. utilization of peatlands has been widely associated with fires and environmental issues like carbon dioxide emissions because of the highest land-use. The reduction or loss of the peat forest ecosystem for the development of dry land plants on a massive scale has reduced the quality of the environment, so that the function and benefits of the peat ecosystem as a hydrological buffer for the surrounding area are disturbed. This paper aims to synthesize all research results qualitatively to explore the potential for developing agroforestry systems on peatlands in an effort to increase food security and protect the environment. This review paper uses the Qualitative Review Systematics method with stages: 1) formulation of questions, 2) literature search, 3) screening and selecting appropriate research articles, 4) analyzing and synthesizing qualitative findings, 5) presenting finding. Agroforestry has the potential to have a real impact on food security, climate change including mitigation and adaptation, and preserving the environment. Some research results show that the agroforestry systems can be an effective buffer in peatlands in fire control because the peat stabilization process requires control materials to maintain the elemental composition, carboxyl (COOH) and OH-phenol functional groups, so that the peat conditions become stable.
Analytical model and spectral characteristics of acoustic emission signal produced by localized fault of rolling element bearing
Authors: Li Fazhong , He Zengshui , Zhang Lin , Ming Anbo , Yang Yongsheng
Published: September 2021

The accurate description of acoustic emission signals produced by the localized fault of a rolling element bearing plays an important role in its feature extraction and analysis. This paper analyzes the excitation mechanisms and develops the analytical model of acoustic emission signals produced when the rolling element bearing passes across the localized fault on the inner or outer race. Based on the analytical model, the spectral characteristics are discussed substantially. Simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the efficacy of the model developed in the paper. The experimental results show that the response signal thus produced has two parts. The first one is produced by the entry of the rolling element bearing, while the other is produced by the departure of the rolling element bearing. The energy of both parts is concentrated around the resonance frequency of the acoustic emission transducer. Generally, the interval of adjacent acoustic emission events is not equivalent to each other and the corresponding spectrum is continuous in the high frequency band.
Research on traffic sign recognition method based on multi-scale convolution neural network
Authors: Wei Tiancheng , Chen Xiaofeng , Yin Yuanliang
Published: September 2021

In order to accurately identify the traffic sign information under different road conditions, an improved deep learning method based on Faster RCNN model is proposed. Firstly, a multi-channel parallel full convolution neural network is designed to extract the color, shape and texture features of traffic signs in the original image. The multi-channel feature layers are fused to get the final feature map, and the adaptability of the model in various environment and weather conditions is enhanced by the image preprocessing. At the same time, the fusion features of deep and shallow feature layer are added into the feature extraction network, and the detailed texture information of shallow feature layer and semantic information of deep feature layer are retained, and the final feature layer can adapt to multi-scale change of traffic sign recognition. Secondly, the prior knowledge of traffic signs is used to detect and locate the target before the original RPN candidate region is generated. A more reasonable method for generating feature points and candidate anchor frames for traffic sign recognition is proposed. Based on the prior knowledge statistics of traffic sign size and proportion results, a target candidate frame suitable for traffic sign recognition is designed, a large number of redundant and negative correlation candidate frames is reduced, the detection accuracy and reduces the detection time is improved; secondly, the multi-scale candidate frame generation method for the deep and shallow feature layer is added to enhance the multi-scale target recognition ability and further strengthen the multi-scale target recognition ability Finally, this paper uses the international general traffic sign specification data set GTSRB/GTSDB and domestic traffic sign data set tt100k to verify the recognition ability of the model.
Effect of different extraction methods on trace metal elements content of Persian lime (Citrus latifolia) seed oil
Authors: Fathollahy Isa , Pezeshki Akram , Sorouraddin Saeed Mohammad
Published: September 2021

The oil of Persian lime (Citrus latifolia) seed was extracted using three methods (cold-pressing, solvent extraction and enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction using Protamex and Celluclast) to compare the effect of extraction method on oil quality through trace metal elements (Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb and As) content. The results demonstrated that extraction method significantly (P < 0.05) influences the trace metal elements content of oil. The reduction pattern of Fe > Cu > Ni > Co > Pb > As was observed in Persian lime seed and extracted oil samples. The highest concentration (mg/kg) of iron (7.3272 ± 0.0263), copper (0.350033 ± 0.00153) and lead (0.00891 ± 0.00003) were observed in cold pressed oils. The oils extracted using enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction method showed the highest concentration (mg/kg) of nickel (0.069855 ± 0.000167) and cobalt (0.054555 ± 0.000163). Arsenic was not detected in seeds and any of the extracted oil samples. The concentration of Fe (3.0363 ± 0.0423 mg/kg) and Cu (0.280167 ± 0.00151 mg/kg) as a pro-oxidant was lower in the Persian lime seed oil obtained by enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction method.
Nicht verstecken!
Authors: Jürgens Ute
Published: September 2021

Wer sich der eigenen Fähigkeiten nicht bewusst ist, empfindet gut Gelungenes leicht als Zufall. Viele Kollegen stellen ihr Licht unter den Scheffel, trauen sich weniger zu als sie können und leisten weniger, als es ihnen tatsächlich möglich ist.
Psychoonkologie 2021 – ein ganzheitliches Behandlungskonzept
Authors: Muth Christiana
Published: September 2021

Was ist neu?

Was ist, will und kann die Psychoonkologie Der Beitrag stellt eine in Deutschland einmalige Organisationsstruktur für die psychoonkologische Behandlung von Krebspatienten vor, in der professionelle therapeutische Unterstützung durch Praktiker verschiedenster Professionen „unter einem Dach“ geleistet wird. Eine erfolgreiche psychoonkologische Behandlung hat einen positiven Einfluss auf die gesamte Behandlungscompliance und damit auf den umfassenden Behandlungserfolg. Psychoonkologie kann den Patienten helfen, den Wert ihres Lebens zu erkennen und unabhängig von der verbleibenden Lebenszeit das Leben lebenswert zu gestalten. Dieser Anspruch erfordert für den psychoonkologischen Ansatz ein ganzheitliches Therapieangebot, das auch existenzielle und Trauma-orientierte Dimensionen in die Behandlung einbezieht.
Modellvorhaben POLKA 2.0
Authors:   POLKA
Published: September 2021

Dieser Beitrag knüpft an die Darstellung „POLKA – ein Modellvorhaben zur Prävention in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen“ 1 an. Der folgende Beitrag erläutert die Entwicklung aus dem Zeitraum Juli 2019 bis März 2021. Das Modellvorhaben POLKA wurde in dieser Laufzeit durch weitere Maßnahmen ergänzt. Ergänzt wurden Module zur Digitalisierung, Module zur Erlangung einer ernährungsbezogenen Gesundheitskompetenz sowie die inhaltlichen Module „Osteoporose/Sturzprävention“ und „bewegungsbezogene Achtsamkeit“.
Personale Sicherheit und Deeskalation in einer forensischen Klinik
Authors: Fähland Martin , Isabelle Bohnhorst Alina , Brown Patric
Published: September 2021

Lange Zeit wurde die Sicherheit der betreuenden Personen in der Psychiatrie eher stiefkindlich behandelt. Schulungskonzepte bezogen das Thema zwar ein, priorisierten es jedoch zu wenig. Doch die Zeiten wandeln sich: Die Sicherheit des Personals steht immer mehr im Fokus, wie das hier vorgestellte Projekt „Sicherheit zuerst“ verdeutlicht.
Time Together – gemeinsame Zeit von Pflegenden und Patienten
Authors: Blumenrode Stefan
Published: September 2021

Qualitativ hochwertige Interaktionen im stationären Setting können nicht nur die Beziehung zwischen Patienten und Pflegenden verbessern. Eine Studie belegt, dass strukturierte und geplante Begegnungen auch präventiv gegen wahrgenommenen Stress und Gewissensstress der Mitarbeitenden wirken.