bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broadband wireless communication with space-time-varying polarization-converting metasurface
Authors: Hu Qi , Chen Ke , Zheng Yilin , Xu Zhiyuan , Zhao Jianmin , Wang Jian , Feng Yijun
Published: March 2023

Reconfigurable metasurfaces have emerged as a promising alternative to the conventional transmitter of wireless communication systems, due to their abilities of encoding digital information onto electromagnetic properties without complex radio-frequency chains. However, most of them are still limited to narrow operation bandwidth. Here, we propose a broadband metasurface-based wireless communication system that can actively adapt to multiple users located at versatile directions through joint modulation of digital signals in the time domain and wave scatterings in the space domain. As exemplary demonstrations, highly directive beams are generated to enhance regional signals in real-time customized for users in desired directions and reduce the signal leakage in undesired directions. Experiments are carried out to verify that the system can provide stable wireless communication service in a broad band of 3.7–5.1 GHz, within which the transmitted color picture enabled by the time-varying spatial modulation of metasurface can be successfully recovered at the user terminals. The proposed system may offer untapped potentials for next-generation communications and radar systems where regional signal enhancement, active adaption to users, and large channel capacities are required.
Photochemistry in IUPAC: the Committee (1976–2001) and the Sub-Committee (2001–)
Authors: Braslavsky Silvia E.
Published: March 2023

The history of the IUPAC Photochemistry Committee since its creation in 1976 and its transition in 2001 to the IUPAC Photochemistry Sub-Committee are reviewed as well as the connections of Committee and Sub-Committee to the various photochemical associations (European Photochemical Association, EPA, Inter-American Photochemical Society, I-APS and Asian and Oceanian Photochemistry Association, APA). The participants in both the Commission and the Sub-Committee over the years are listed as well as the Recommendations and Technical Reports produced since the creation of the Committee until the present days.
Closed-shell and open-shell dual nature of singlet diradical compounds
Authors: Kubo Takashi
Published: March 2023

Unlike triplet diradicals, singlet diradicals can vary in diradical character from 0 % to 100 % depending on linker units that allow two formally unpaired electrons to couple covalently. In principle, the electronic structure of singlet diradicals can be described as a quantum superposition of closed-shell and open-shell structures. This means that, depending on the external environment, singlet diradicals can behave as either closed-shell or open-shell species. This paper summarizes our progress in understanding the electronic structure of π-conjugated singlet diradical molecules in terms of closed-shell and open-shell dual nature. We first discuss the coexistence of intra- and intermolecular covalent bonding interactions in the π-dimer of a singlet diradical molecule. The intra- and intermolecular coupling of two formally unpaired electrons are related to closed-shell and open-shell nature of singlet diradical, respectively. Then we demonstrate the coexistence of the covalent bonding interactions in the one-dimensional stack of singlet diradical molecules having different diradical character. The relative strength of the interactions is varied with the magnitude of singlet diradical index y
0. Finally, we show the dual reactivity of a singlet diradical molecule, which undergoes rapid [4 + 2] and [4 + 4] cycloaddition reactions in the dark at room temperature. Closed-shell and open-shell nature endow the singlet diradical molecule with the reaction manner as diene and diradical species, respectively.
Comparative analysis of gas-assisted extrusion of polypropylene sheet based on two types of gas intake
Authors: Jiang Shiyu , Liu Hesheng , Yu Zhong , Tang Gang , Jiang Qingsong , Huang Yibin
Published: March 2023

The formation of a stable gas layer is to have a significant effect on polymer gas-assisted extrusion (GAE). Previously, for vertical extrusion forming, the gap intake method was used, which tends to result in very short stabilization times for the gas layer. In this study, the effect of two gas intake modes was compared based on horizontal sheet extrusion. The results show that stabilization of the gas layer is easily achieved in the vertical gas-assisted die by introducing gas first. However, when using parallel die, the gas distributes the melt uniformly along the surrounding velocity and the gas layer can be stable for a long time. Moreover, disrupting the process sequence also makes it easy to achieve gas layer stability without affecting the tability of the gas layer in the subsequent extrusion. And, during low-speed extrusion, the flow inertia of the polymer melt is used to extend the flow channel of the gas-free–assisted section into the gas-assisted section to overcome the gravity of the polymer melt and smoothly extrude it in the parallel gas-assisted die. The parallel die can be considered for the production of GAE of daily profiles and can be used to improve quality.
EFFECT OF PHOSPHOROUS/BORON DOPING PROFILE DIFFERENCES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SILICON SOLAR CELLS
Authors:   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, NAWAZ A. , TAHIR S. ,   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, ALI A. ,   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, ARSHAD M. I. ,   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, MAHMOOD K. ,   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, SIRAJ S. ,   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, MUDDASSIR Y. ,   Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

This research work was done under title “Effect of phosphorous/boron doping profile differences on the performance of silicon solar cells”. Emitter diffusion either phosphorous or boron is quite challenging in photovoltaic industry. It directly affects the emitter saturation current density and the emitter quantum efficiency of silicon solar cells. Our main objective was to make the comparison of both phosphorous and boron diffused emitters for different peak dopant concentrations in silicon solar cells. It was done by using EDNA 2 simulations. We used different parameters in EDNA 2 and simulated the high efficiency solar cells with boron as back ground and phosphorous as emitter. Then we simulated the solar cells with phosphorous as back ground and boron as emitter. We varied the peak dopant concentration of phosphorous as well boron from 1.6E+17 to 3.9E+20. The best internal quantum efficiency of emitter for phosphorous diffused emitters was 95.1 %, obtained at 1.6E19 (cm-3 ) with an effective emitter depth of 0.675 (µm). However, the best internal quantum efficiency of emitter for boron diffused emitters was 80.6 %, obtained at 3.9E19 (cm-3 ). It has an effective emitter depth of 0.732 (µm) that is greater than obtained from phosphorous diffused emitters. We concluded that the phosphorous diffused emitters have much better performance than boron diffused emitter in silicon solar cells. They have better internal quantum efficiency of emitters at lower peak dopant concentration. They have lower emitter sheet resistance with lower effective emitter depth, as also required during silicon solar cell fabrication.
FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT IMPEDANCE, MODULUS AND DIELECTRIC STUDIES OF POLYANILINE/MANGANESE DIOXIDE NANOCOMPOSITES
Authors:   Department of Physics, JP College of Arts and Science, Agarakattu, Tenkasi, Tamilnadu, India, VELLA DURAI S. C. , KUMAR E. ,   School of Science, Department of Physics, Tamil Nadu Open University, Chennai. Tamilnadu, India
Published: March 2023

Structural properties, electric impedance, electric modulus and dielectric spectra properties have been used to investigate a Polyaniline/Manganese dioxide (PANI /MnO2) nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization method. Prepared nanocomposites were analyzed by AC impedance spectroscopy. Pure PANI and MnO2 nanoparticles have good crystalline nature, but when it was prepared to nanocomposites, crystalline nature could be change. When the concentration of MnO2 nanoparticles has increased in nanocomposites, crystalline behaviour has been increases. Impedance studies were used to explain the electrode process. The modulus data of nanocomposites were analyzed as a function of different frequency range at a particular temperature. At low-frequency range, all the values of a real part of the electric modulus remain almost near to zero. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss have explained in brief. The impedance analysis was confirming the non-debye nature of the materials
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON GRAPHENE/TRANSITION METAL CHALCOGENIDE BASED ENERGY STORAGE AND CONVERSION
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India, ARULMURUGAN L. , ILANGKUMARAN M. ,   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Tamilnadu, India
Published: March 2023

The ever-increasing energy demand and the shortage of fossil fuels force the researchers to do research on utilization and conversion of renewable energy sources. In Recent years, the graphene and Transition Metal Chalcogenide (TMC) based Phase Change material (PCM) have been reviewed towards the future energy storage and energy conversion. This PCM is considered as a promising pathway to alleviate the energy crisis. The TMC material is considered as an emerging material due to their optoelectronic behavior and stability of the material. Moreover, the integration of TMC with graphene, significantly improve the performance of the system. The storage of solar energy in the form of sensible and latent heat has become an important aspect of energy management. To improve the performance of domestic solar water heater system, the vertical spiral and cylindrical heat exchanger is designed. The spiral module and cylindrical modules filled with and without PCM are analyzed and the obtained results are compared with each other. The results show that the spiral and cylindrical heat exchanger filled with PCM store and release the thermal energy efficiently and it performs the desired functions than the without PCM module.
STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF COPPER IODIDE NANOSTRUCTURES PREPARED BY SUGAR BEET MEDIATED ROUTE
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, JAVAID R. , ANWAR H. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, JAMIL Y. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, ABBAS B. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, IQBAL M. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, AHMED S ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, ISLAM A. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, BATOOL F. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, KHALID M. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, ELAHI U. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, RIAZ S. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, HAYAT K. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan
Published: March 2023

Copper Iodide (CuI) is a p-type semiconductor and is significant owing to vital applications especially in semiconductor electronic devices. Recently, in Perovskite solar cells CuI as hole transport material (HTM) reveals a promising efficiency over 21.0 % which is highest among the reported efficiency at room temperature. In this research, CuI nanostructures were prepared by green method using sugar beet juice with different concentrations (5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml and 20 ml). In this method, sugar beet juice was used as reducing and capping agent thus controls particle size. The as prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The XRD analysis confirmed the pure cubic structure of copper iodide nanostructures and average crystallite size was found to decrease with an increase in the concentration of beet juice in the range of 43 nm to 31 nm. SEM showed the morphological transformation. SEM images showed that CuI nanostructures were triangular like shape at lower concentration but at higher concentrations nanosheets like shape were observed. EDX confirmed the presence of iodide and copper with proper composition. UV-visible spectroscopy results revealed the variation of band gap energy with increasing concentration of beet juice. Morphological transformation can be critical in optoelectronic devices regarding charge transfer at different interfaces.
SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Ni CO-DOPED ZnO:Al NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia, EL GHOUL J. , KHOUQEER G. A. ,   Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2023

In this work, we investigate structural, optical and magnetic properties of Zn0.89Ni0.1Al0.01O nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel. In our protocol, the water has been slowly released following an esterification reaction, then, this solution was dried under supercritical conditions of ethyl alcohol and heat treatment in air at 500°C for 2 hours. The structural and morphological properties showed that the obtained samples have a wurtzite structure with a crystallite size around 25 nm and a secondary phase has been detected, attributed to NiO phase. UV-Vis spectroscopy shows that a band gap of 3.368 eV was obtained, a value close to that of bulk ZnO. Magnetic measurements at 10K and 300K showed a superparamagnetic.
IMPACT OF CHROMIUM DOPING ON STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL, MAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANO-COPPER FERRITE
Authors:   Solid State Physics Department, Physics Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt, GAD S. A. , MOUSTAFA A. M. ,   Solid State Physics Department, Physics Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt, AZAB A. A. ,   Solid State Electronics Laboratory, Solid State Physics Department, Physical Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt, HEGAB A. F. ,   Solid State Physics Department, Physics Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt
Published: March 2023

Nanoparticles copper ferrites doped with chromium CuCrxFe2- xO4 (0≤x≤ 0.25) were prepared using sol-gel auto combustion. Analysis of XRD revealed that the samples crystallized in single phase tetragonal CuFe2O4 structure. Results of Rietveld refinement using Full proff program showed that the lattice parameter a increased, lattice parameter c, the unit cell volume and tetragonal distortion decreased with increasing Cr3+ concentration. A cation distribution ensured that a system (CuCrFeO4) is completely inverse and distorted. In addition, crystallite size increased with the increase of Cr3+content.Furthermore, optical energy band gap of the obtained spinel ferrite decreased from 2.441eV to 2.228 eV with the increase of Cr. Results of magnetic properties indicated that the saturation magnetization decreased from 24.1 to18.3 emu/g with Cr increment, due to a lower magnetic moment of Cr3+ ion (3mB) than that of Fe3+ ion (5mB).Coercivity decreases with increasing Cr-concentration can be attributed to the reduction in magnetocrystalline anisotropy (K) where, chromium ferrite has negative magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Squareness ratio decreased continuously with Cr content, which it displayed that the materials exhibited to soft magnetic properties. Dielectric properties were analyzed in frequency range (0.1-7MHz) at different temperatures (50- 150ºC).From electrical measurements, it was found that έ decreased at lower frequency, become nearly constant at higher frequencies for all samples and increased with increasing temperature. έ was found to increase with increasing Cr because the Cr is reducing the hopping probabilities across the grain boundaries. . Also, it was found that activation energy ΔE decreased with increasing Cr concentration.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Si/PVA-PEG NANOCOMPOSITES
Authors:   Department of Science & Humanities, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamilnadu-639113, India, KANNAN K. , AGILAN S. ,   Department of Physics, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu-641014, India, MUTHUKUMARASAMY N. ,   Department of Physics, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu-641014, India, VIJAYAKUMAR K. ,   Department of Science & Humanities, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamilnadu-639113, India, VINITHA G. ,   Division of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai,Tamilnadu-600127, India
Published: March 2023

Si/PVA-PEG polymer nanocomposites wereprepared by solvent casting method. XRD studies revealed the encapsulation of silicon in polymer matrix. Further crystalline behaviour of silicon in the polymer nanocomposites has been investigated. The size and morphological structure have been analysed with SEM. SEM showed the formation of homogeneous between PVA and PEG. FTIR confirmed the presence of silicon and various vibrational bonding natures. Band gap and refractive index of composites have been calculated from optical studies. Z-Scan analysis has been carried out at 532 nm which reveals optical non linearity of Si/PVA-PEG.
DNA demethylation fine‐tunes IL‐2 production during thymic regulatory T cell differentiation
Authors: Teghanemt Athmane , Misel‐Wuchter Kara , Heath Jace , Thurman Andrew , Pulipati Priyanjali , Dixit Garima , Geesala Ramasatya , Meyerholz David K , Maretzky Thorsten , Pezzulo Alejandro , Issuree Priya D
Published: March 2023

Regulatory T (T reg) cells developing in the thymus are essential to maintain tolerance and prevent fatal autoimmunity in mice and humans. Expression of the T reg lineage‐defining transcription factor FoxP3 is critically dependent upon T cell receptor (TCR) and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) signaling. Here, we report that ten‐eleven translocation (Tet) enzymes, which are DNA demethylases, are required early during double‐positive (DP) thymic T cell differentiation and prior to the upregulation of FoxP3 in CD4 single‐positive (SP) thymocytes, to promote Treg differentiation. We show that Tet3 selectively controls the development of CD25− FoxP3lo CD4SP Treg cell precursors in the thymus and is critical for TCR‐dependent IL‐2 production, which drive chromatin remodeling at the FoxP3 locus as well as other Treg‐effector gene loci in an autocrine/paracrine manner. Together, our results demonstrate a novel role for DNA demethylation in regulating the TCR response and promoting Treg cell differentiation. These findings highlight a novel epigenetic pathway to promote the generation of endogenous Treg cells for mitigation of autoimmune responses.
Evaluation of the development process of Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine between 1992-2022 (30 years)
Authors: Danis Emine Merve , Celik Esra , Yasar Askin
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Çalışmada Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi‘nin 1992-2022 yıllarındaki gelişim sürecinin ortaya konulması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın materyalini SÜ Rektörlüğü, SÜVF Dekanlığı, SÜ Veteriner Eğitim ve Uygulama Hastanesi ve SÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü arşivi ile “Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Listesi Formu” aracılığıyla elde edilen bilgi ve belgeler oluşturdu. Ayrıca konuyla ilgili Resmî Gazete, dergi, kitap ve internet kaynakları ile Yaşar (1995) tarafından yapılan araştırma makalesinden yararlanıldı. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirildi, metin içerisinde üst simge olarak belirtilerek son not bölümünde gösterildi ve ilgili bölümde tablolar halinde sunuldu.
Bulgular: Fakültede, 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılı itibariyle 20 anabilim dalında toplam 136 akademik personelin hizmet verdiği; fakülteden son 30 yılda lisans düzeyinden 3.806, lisansüstü düzeyden ise toplam 693 (460 doktora, 233 yüksek lisans) (1987-2022) mezun verildiği; fakülte hayvan hastanesinde 2022 yılında 24.335 hayvana veteriner hekimliği hizmeti verildiği belirlendi.
Öneriler: Mevcut çalışma ile SÜVF’nin 30 yıllık gelişiminin ortaya konularak 40 yıllık gelişim sürecinin tamamlanması hedeflenmiştir. Gelecekte de fakültenin gelişimini takip etmenin, fakülteyi her alanda daha ileriye taşıyarak sadece ulusal değil uluslararası alanda da tercih edilebilirliğini artırmak adına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Aumento de tejido gingival queratinizado alrededor de implantes dentales con matriz de colágeno porcino. Reporte de caso
Authors: Coutiño Cerda Ximena , Martínez Gutiérrez Daniel , Harris Ricardo Jonathan
Published: March 2023

Dentro de la literatura periodontal se ha reconocido la importancia del tejido queratinizado alrededor de los implantes dentales, así como la mejoría de los vestíbulos bucales poco profundos para permitir la rehabilitación protésica del paciente. Para superar las deficiencias de un vestíbulo corto y del tejido blando periimplantario se ha descrito el uso de una matriz de colágeno porcino en conjunto con la vestibuloplastía como una alternativa segura, estética y funcional, otorgando al clínico y al paciente resultados predecibles y similares comparados con los ofrecidos por el tejido conectivo o el injerto gingival libre.  El objetivo del presente reporte es demostrar a través de un caso clínico, el uso de la matriz de colágeno porcino en un paciente sometido a una vestibuloplastía del sector anteroinferior y el aumento de encía queratinizada alrededor de dos implantes inferiores.
La Retórica cultural y los discursos en las obras literarias: "El mercader de Venecia" de William Shakespeare
Authors: Martín Cerezo Iván
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo pretende mostrar las relaciones entre literatura y retórica dentro del marco propuesto por la Retórica cultural. Para ello, se analiza la enseñanza de la Retórica durante la Inglaterra del período isabelino mostrando así su influencia en las obras de Shakespeare en general y en El mercader de Venecia en particular. Se propone el proceso de oratio in fabula.
El Goethe de Benjamin: memoria voluntaria y ancestral en "Las afinidades electivas".
Authors: Salmerón Infante Miguel
Published: March 2023

El estudio de Walter Benjamin sobre Las afinidades Electivas de Goethe es una obra maestra de la crítica literaria. Este se divide en tres partes. La primera considera la decadencia del matrimonio como liberadora de fuerzas míticas, la segunda opone la forma novela a la del género “menor”, el relato breve y la tercera intenta exponer el problema de la esperanza desde la constelación Verdad-Belleza. Este artículo hace una lectura del trabajo de Benjamin y la novela de Goethe a partir de la oposición entre memoria voluntaria (la de la cultura, la volición y el matrimonio) y la ancestral (la de la naturaleza, la compulsión y las afinidades electivas).
Pobreza y sexo en "La colmena" de Camilo José Cela y "El edificio Yacobian" de Alaa Al-Aswany
Authors: Maghrabi Madian
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo de investigación consiste en el análisis y la comparación de la novela del escritor español Camilo José Cela y el egipcio Alaa al-Aswany haciendo hincapié en los rasgos de pobreza y sexo en las dos novelas: La colmena (1951) y El edificio Yacobian (2002). También subrayamos las causas y circunstancias que llevaron a algunos personajes en recurrir al sexo como su única alternativa y vía de escape tanto en una sociedad como en la otra. Por ello, la investigación aborda tanto la realidad española como la egipcia a la que se refiere el autor.
El humor en la publicidad desde la perspectiva de la retórica y el análisis del discurso
Authors: Urbina Fonturbel Raúl
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la presencia del humor en la publicidad desde la perspectiva de los estudios de retórica y de análisis del discurso. Se parte del humor como noción genérica que se aplica, en primer lugar, a las estrategias persuasivas de la retórica, en la que el delectare tiene una función importante pero subordinada al movere; en segundo lugar, a la concepción del humor en publicidad desde un enfoque centrado en el análisis del discurso en el que se estudian la situación de enunciación, las áreas temáticas, el juego discursivo y el efecto cómico; y, en tercer lugar, a los principios de persuasión retórica y su extensión al análisis discursivos aplicados al humor en publicidad.
Європейські стандарти публічного управління взаємодією публічної влади та бізнесу
Authors: Бардах Олександр
Published: March 2023

Бізнес відіграє велику роль у політичному житті сучасного українського суспільства. Ця тема набула особливої актуальності у зв’язку з військовою агресією і потребою відновлення країни після війни. Майбутні проекти реконструкції та зростання пов’язані з активізацією участі України в глобалізаційних процесах та врахуванням в публічному управлінні європейських стандартів та підходів до взаємодії влади та бізнесу.

У статті розглянуто найбільш поширені в Європі концепції державного управління взаємодією влади та бізнесу, зокрема корпоратизм, плюралізм, інструменталізм тощо. На їх основі проведено аналіз особливостей взаємодії влади та бізнесу в Україні. Розглядаються різні теоретико-методологічні підходи до вивчення бізнесу як політичного актора. Групи інтересів та групи тиску є різновидами протекціоністських груп, які впливають на дії сучасної влади, як в Європі, так і в Україні. Суспільство складається з великої кількості таких груп інтересів і груп тиску, які представляють всі значні інтереси населення і конкурують між собою за вплив на державну владу. Ця конкуренція проходить у рамках міжсекторального партнерства, тобто досягнутого консенсусу з приводу базових основ економічної і політичної системи та допустимого рівня конфлікту. У країнах розвиненої демократії конкуренція між групами та секторами суспільства забезпечує такий стан, при якому жодна з груп не домінує, і зберігається баланс інтересів. Цей баланс відіграє вирішальну роль для стабільності існуючої соціальної системи.

Автор робить висновок, що з розглянутих у статті концепцій, які аналізують взаємодію влади та бізнесу, найбільш прийнятним для українських реалій є ліберальний корпоратизм. Розгляд держави як окремої корпорації, яка має свої відмінні від бізнес-структур та громадянського суспільства інтереси і при цьому будує з ними партнерські відносини, надає можливості більш детально аналізувати організаційні форми взаємодії влади та бізнесу, особливості державного управління у цій сфері, до того ж враховуючи тенденції глобалізації, що накладають свої обмеження на цю взаємодію.
Механізм реалізації державного регулювання гарантій науково-педагогічних працівників
Authors: Вайновський Євгеній
Published: March 2023

Актуальність дослідження зумовлено тим, що держава має гарантувати кожній людині освіту. З’ясовано, що здібності окремо взятої особи забезпечують надалі кожну людину зайнятістю у трудовій сфері. Установлено, що значний відсоток здобувачів освіти працевлаштовується не за отриманою спеціальністю, віддаючи перевагу іншій сфері діяльності. Виявлено, що причинами такої ситуації, що склалася, є надання неактуальних знань здобувачам вищої освіти, відсутність мотивації у науково-педагогічних працівників передавати актуальні знання таким здобувачам вищої освіти.

На цій підставі обґрунтовано, що необхідна цілісна концепція з надання гарантій науково-педагогічним працівникам, що (гарантії) підвищать рівень мотивації у таких працівників до саморозвитку, більшої професійної віддачі на роботі, застосування інноваційних методів в її межах тощо. Відтак, метою статті визначено обґрунтування механізму реалізації державного регулювання гарантій науково-педагогічних працівників. У цьому контексті система гарантій визначена як механізм, призначений відмежовувати індивідів від різного роду несприятливих для його життєдіяльності впливів з боку соціального середовища і пом’якшувати наслідки таких впливів. У межах даної статті механізм реалізації державного регулювання гарантій науково-педагогічних працівників розглянуто як самоорганізовану сукупність елементів, факторів і умов, які впорядковуються державними органами з метою досягнення заданого результату (тобто надання гарантій науково-педагогічним працівникам).

З’ясовано, що через уведення в Україні воєнного стану права та свободи, а також деякі гарантії науково-педагогічних працівників, на жаль, обмежені. Установлено, що під час воєнного стану для виконання невідкладних чи непередбачуваних завдань науково-педагогічні працівники, за їх згодою, на підставі наказу керівника, про який повідомляється профспілка, можуть бути залучені до роботи понад встановлену тривалість робочого дня, а також у вихідні, святкові та неробочі дні у нічний час.

У той же час, акцентовано, що науково-педагогічні працівники не повинні повністю обмежуватися у праві на: 1) захист професійної честі, гідності; 2) вибір форм, методів, засобів навчання, педагогічну ініціативу; 3) індивідуальну педагогічну діяльність; 4) участь у громадському самоврядуванні; 5) підвищення кваліфікації, перепідготовку, вибір змісту, програм, форм навчання, закладів, установ організацій, що здійснюють підвищення кваліфікації і перепідготовку.
Features of capital investment in innovation: The case of industrial SMEs in the GUAM countries
Authors: Pürhani Safar , Huseynova Alida , Hakimova Yegana , Kashiyeva Flora , Guluzada Esmira
Published: March 2023

The article aimed to empirically substantiate the features of capital investment in innovation depending on financial stability for Industrial SMEs in the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, which consists of four post-Soviet states: Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Moldova. We differentiated the levels of financial stability of industrial SMEs in the region: high, medium, and low. We have determined the positive effect of capital investments in innovation at all levels of financial stability using regression modeling. Regardless of financial strength and capital intensity, investing in innovation provides higher performance indicators for companies than investing in the renewal of fixed assets without modernization. The increase in the efficiency of capital investments in SMEs is more significant for financially stable and less capital-intensive companies than for companies with low financial stability and high capital intensity. Identifying the features of the relationship between the financial stability of SMEs and capital investment will allow the development of effective strategies for economic collaboration within the framework of the GUAM Organization.
KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROBENTHOS SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN LAUT DANGKAL PERAIRAN TABLOLONG KUPANG BARAT
Authors: Dilak Hory Iramaya , Missa Regina , Eryah Henry P.
Published: March 2023

Makrobenthos merupakan organisme yang hidup menetap didasar perairan dan memiliki pergerakan yang terbatas sehingga makrobenthos digunakan untuk indikator kualitas perairan. Perairan Tablolong merupakan daerah yang dekat dengan pemukiman sehingga menjadi resiko pencemaran khususnya sampah rumah tangga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan makrobentos sebagai bioindikator pencemaran lingkungan di Laut dangkal Perairan Tablolong. Sampel yang ditemukan diidentifikasi, dikelompokan sesuai kelas masing-masing dan ditentukan kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman. Keadaan lingkungan fisika dan lingkungan kimia dilakukan uji laboratorium dan dianalisis untuk melihat pengaruh lingkungan terhadap keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan makrobenthos. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah besarnya kelimpahan makrobenthos pada perairan laut dangkal terdapat 14 jenis makrobenthos, besarnya indeks keanekaragaman Shannon Winner (H’) sebesar (3,58), kelimpahan relative (0,08), hal ini menunjukan tingkat keanekaragaman makrobenthos laut dangkal perairan Tablolong tergolong tinggi sedangkan pengukuran parameter lingkungan berupa indikator fisika dan indikator kimia menunjukan bahwa keadaan lingkungan tergolong tidak tercemar.
DEMONSTRASI CARA DIVERSIFIKASI OLAHAN IKAN TUNA (Thunnini) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PENGOLAH DI KECAMATAN MOROTAI SELATAN KABUPATEN PULAU MOROTAI PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Malagapi Sarni , Yuniarti Tatty , Wiryati Ganjar
Published: March 2023

Kabupaten Pulau Morotai memiliki potensi perikanan yang mumpuni dalam bidang penangkapan dan pengolahan. Potensi perikanan dapat dikembangkan dengan cara meningkatkan peranan sumber daya manusia yang menjadi motor penggerak bagi aspek perikanan. Tujuan praktik akhir adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok dan meningkatkan keterampilan mengenai variasi produk olahan perikanan. Hasil dari kegiatan praktik akhir diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dan dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam membantu kegiatan penyuluhan melalui aksi penyuluhan yang tepat. Praktik akhir dilaksanakan pada tanggal 02 Maret sampai dengan 15 Mei 2020. Program kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa : penetuan lokasi dan dan sasaran penyuluhan, sosialisasi kegiatan penyuluhan, inovasi, difusi, dan adopsi, serta evaluasi penyuluhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sasaran yang termasuk dalam kategori rendah berjumlah 6 orang dan kategori sedang berjumlah 4 orang. Pre Test maupun Post Test yang dilakukan pada penilaian fungsi kelompok (aspek pengetahuan Pre Test 65% dan Post Test sebesar 89%, aspek sikap Pre Test 59,2% dan Post Test 89,8%), demonstrasi cara pembuatan crispy (aspek pengetahuan Pre Test 56% dan Post Test 93%, aspek sikap Pre Test 66,4% dan Post Test 80,4%), dan demonstrasi cara pembuatan nugget (aspek pengetahuan Pre Test 59,3% dan Post Test 85,71%, aspek sikap Pre Test 74,8% dan Post Test 88,4%).
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TUMBUHAN DARAT DAN PESISIR DARI SULAWESI SELATAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT VIBRIO
Authors: Basir Buana , Kariyanti Kariyanti , Isnansetyo Alim
Published: March 2023

Salah satu alternatif penanganan penyakit bakteri Vibrio sp. adalah dengan penggunaan bahan bioaktif alami dari tumbuhan yang dapat menggantikan peran antibiotik Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri tumbuhan darat dan pesisir dari Sulawesi Selatan terhadap bakteri Vibrio sp.. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai dengan Agustus 2018, dengan pengambilan sampel uji di daerah Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode percobaan dengan beberapa tahapan, yaitu persiapan sampel, maserasi sampel, partisi, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Sampel yang diuji sebanyak 30 sampel yang berasal dari 26 jenis tanaman dengan konsentrasi 500 µg/mL dan 1000 µg/mL. Jenis vibrio yang digunakan adalah V. parahaemolitycus, V. harveyii, dan V. alginolitycus. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif berdasarkan zona hambat yang terbentuk. Berdasarkan hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dari crude ekstrak ditemukan enam sampel yang memiliki aktivitas anti-vibrio. yaitu daun sukun, kulit buah sukun, kulit batang sukun. daun jara, daun avicennia, dan daun miana, dengan masing-masing nilai aktivitas sebesar 12 mm, 10 mm, 9 mm, 12,5 mm, 16 mm, dan 19 mm. Aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dihasilkan oleh crude ekstrak daun miana pada fraksi etanol sebesar 23-24 mm.One alternative treatment for the bacterial disease is Vibrio sp. with natural bioactive ingredients from plants that can replace the role of antibiotics. The research aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of miana leaves against Vibrio sp. The research was carried out from April to August 2018, by taking test samples in the South Sulawesi area. The study was conducted using an experimental method with several stages, sample preparation, sample maceration, partitioning, and antibacterial activity test. The samples tested were 30 samples from 26 types of plants with concentrations of 500 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL. The types of vibrios used were V. parahaemolitycus, V. harveyii, and V. alginolitycus. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively based on the inhibition zones formed. Based on the results of the antibacterial activity test of the crude extract, it was found that six samples had anti-vibrio activity namely breadfruit leaves, breadfruit skin, breadfruit bark. Jara leaves, Avicennia leaves, and Miana leaves, with activity values of 12 mm, 10 mm, 9 mm, 12.5 mm, 16 mm, and 19 mm, respectively. Crude miana leaf extract had the highest antibacterial activity 23-24 mm ethanol production.
Assessment of formation and durability of adaptive immunity in COVID-19 convasescents
Authors: Ivanova Inna A. , Filippenko Anna V. , Trufanova Anastasia A. , Omelchenko Natalya D. , Chemisova Olga S. , Vodopyanov Aleksej S. , Bereznyak Elena A. , Sokolova Elena P. , Noskov Aleksej K. , Totolyan Areg A.
Published: March 2023

The study of adaptive immunity in COVID-19 convalescent patients is important, because no consensus on whether the disease severity affects formation and durability of COVID-19 immune response has been achieved. A comparative assessment of emergence and durability of sustained cellular and humoral immunity in convalescent patients with COVID-19 of varying severity was carried out. The study involved volunteers with asymptomatic (n = 30), moderate (n = 21) and severe (n = 12) COVID-19. The average age of the subjects was 47.312.5 years. The formation of cellular immunity was assessed by increased IFN production in response to 1620 hour-long SARS-CoV-2-derived glycoprotein S (RBD) lymphocyte stimulation. To measure IFN level, the Gamma InterferonIFA-BEST test system manufactured by Vector-Best JSC, Russia, was used. The humoral immune response was recorded by detecting SARS-CoV-2RBD-specific class G antibodies using the SARS-CoV-2RBD-ELISA-Gamalei test system (FSBI NITSEM N.F. Gamalei of the Ministry of Health of Russia). It was revealed that humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins was formed in all COVID-19 convalescent patients. However, the number of subjects with adaptive immunity to COVID-19 and the duration of its preservation depends on the severity of the infection. A significant decrease in the number of subjects with cellular immunity was revealed in the group of severe COVID-19. Most of the volunteers in this group had class G immunoglobulins before the end of the follow-up. In this group, unlike the other two, no patients were identified in whom only the cellular arm of the immune response was activated. Volunteers who did not retain adaptive immunity to the COVID-19 pathogen appeared only by the end of the follow-up period. Among those recovered after moderate disease 78 months later there was a decrease in the number of people with cellular and humoral immunity. This process started earlier than in the group of patients who were asymptomatic and continued until the end of the study. The proportion of individuals with cellular immunity increased, and at later timepoint with humoral immune response. By the end of the study, a high percentage of volunteers remained asymptomatically infected, having cellular and humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Their number remained significantly higher than in the group of moderate COVID-19, but lower than in severe COVID-19. By the end of the study, an increased number of volunteers with solely cellular immune response was recorded in this group. At the end of the follow-up period, the number of volunteers with humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 remained higher compared to those with a cellular immune response.
Clinical case of severe COVID-19 in a child with morbid obesity
Authors: Samoylov Kirill V. , Ermolaeva Yuliya A. , Ponomareva Daria A. , Khudyakova Anastasiya A. , Protsenko Anzhelika V.
Published: March 2023

The pandemic of coronavirus infection is characterized by a low percentage of complications and severe forms in sick children compared to the adult population. However, there have been described cases of severe clinical course of COVID-19 in children with comorbidities among which is obesity. The aim of this study was to analyze the severe course of a new coronavirus infection paralleled with morbid obesity in a pediatric patient. Materials and methods. All accompanying patient medical documentation was examined. Results and discussion. From the anamnesis of life it is known that the patient was long time complained of intensively increased body weight, on which she repeatedly underwent examinations. In 2018, hypothalamic pubertal syndrome was diagnosed for the first time, for which the patient received hypoglycemic and antihypertensive drugs, hepatoprotectors on an ongoing basis. In the epidemiological anamnesis, the intrafamilial COVID-19 contact with mother was established. The main disease began acutely with a rise in body temperature up to 3939.5C, cough and weakness. During the first week of illness, the patient did not seek medical help and receive self-treatment, but the positive effect was not achieved. Saturation measurement showed low oxygen level (SpO2 71%). In this regard, the patient underwent chest computed tomography, which revealed a bilateral interstitial polysegmental lung lesion with signs of consolidation. After emergency hospitalization, the patient was prescribed empiric antibiotic therapy, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic treatment, as well as respiratory support. A positive PCR result of a throat and nasal swab for SARS-CoV-2 was obtained in the hospital. Due to a poor response to therapy, the patient was transferred to a respiratory hospital. At the time of hospitalization, the condition was considered severe due to severe respiratory failure and premorbidity. The range of treatments included oxygenotherapy, antibacterial and anticoagulation therapy, as well as surfactant and the nucleoside analogue Remdesivir. During treatment, the clinical picture gained a positive trend, and after 6 days of hospitalization the patient no longer needed respiratory support. According to the results of repeated computed tomography, bilateral interstitial polysegmental pneumonia was diagnosed with damage to the lung tissue up to 95%. The patient remained stable and showed no signs of respiratory failure during the following days of hospitalization. On the 20th day of ilness, the patient was discharged from hospital with full clinical recovery. Conclusion. This clinical case demonstrates the role of premorbid background in aggravating the clinical picture of a new coronavirus infection in a child. Careful study of anamnestic characteristics is necessary in patients of any age, even with an uncomplicated disease course.
The fourth ethical comment towards COVID-19 (three years later). Trust and faith: social and moral profile of vaccination
Authors: Kubar Olga I. , Mikirtichan Galina L.
Published: March 2023

The summarizing up the semantic and systemic results should comprise the next phase to provide insights into COVID-19 pandemic and consider it as a modern epidemic and humanitarian crisis on global level. The journal Infection and Immunity regularly and consistently present the results of ethically viewed legal framework of the pandemic and the administrative regulation of the public health system. Analysis and ethical assessment of the situation covers a wide range of issues, including the provision and operational adaptation of the regulatory framework, the problems of medical care, the processes and conditions for developing diagnostics, treatment and prevention, as well as all aspects related to the organization and implementing vaccination. Three previous ethical comments presented in 20202022 during the pandemic were devoted to these issues. Current study within the framework of the fourth ethical commentary follows directly from the data obtained while evaluating and analysing real-world experience on vaccination in the context of a regional cluster the CIS member states, presented in the previous article. The perceived need and obvious significance of the study is to highlight objective factors of vulnerability in the vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify the response spectrum to form trust/or distrust to vaccination in various sectors of society, depending on a set of social and moral factors, including those coupled to a religious denomination. The data obtained are of paramount importance to find the moral ways to support and stabilize a responsible attitude with the aim to protect moral, social and physical health in emergency situations.
The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the immunopathogenesis of severe COVID-19: potential immunotherapeutic strategies regulating NET formation and activity
Authors: Nesterova Irina V. , Atazhakhova Margarita G. , Teterin Yuri V. , Matushkina Valeriya A. , Chudilova Galina A. , Mitropanova Marina N.
Published: March 2023

The role of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is associated with the NG recruitment into inflammatory foci, activation of their functions and enhanced formation of neutrophil extracellular networks (NETs). In this review, we analyzed a large body of scientific literature devoted to the features of developing NETs, their role in the COVID-19 pathogenesis, a role in emerging immunothrombosis, vasculitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm syndrome, and multi-organ lesions. Convincing data are presented clearly indicating about a profound role of NETs in the COVID-19 immunopathogenesis and associated severe complications resulting from intensified inflammation process, which is a key for the course of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. The presented role of NGs and NETs, along with that of other immune system cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines, is extremely important in understanding development of overactive immune response in severe COVID-19. The scientific results obtained available now allow to identify an opportunity of regulatory effects on hyperactivated NGs, NETosis at various stages and on limiting a negative impact of pre-formed NETs on various tissues and organs. All the aforementioned data should help in creating new, specialized immunotherapy strategies designed to increase the odds of survival, reduce severity of clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients as well as markedly reduce mortality rates. Currently, it is possible to use existing drugs, while a number of new drugs are being developed, the action of which can regulate NG quantity, positively affect NG functions and limit intensity of NETosis. Continuing research on the role of hyperactive NG and NETosis as well as understanding the mechanisms of regulating NET formation and restriction in severe COVID-19, apparently, are of high priority, because in the future the new data obtained could pave the basis for development of targeted approaches not only for immunotherapy aimed at limiting education and blocking negative effects already formed NETs in severe COVID-19, but also for immunotherapy, which could be used in combination treatment of other netopathies, primarily autoimmune diseases, auto-inflammatory syndromes, severe purulent-inflammatory processes, including bacterial sepsis and hematogenous osteomyelitis.