bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of the Arabic Version of Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (Quick-DASH) in Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Omar Mohammed T.A. , Alnahdi Ali H. , Al Dhwayan Nouf , Khayat Sarah , Gwada Rehab F.M.
Published: May 2024

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Arabic Quick-Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QDASH-Ar) for breast cancer (BC) survivors. In this cross-sectional study, a convenient sample of 88 BC survivors was recruited and completed both the QDASH-Ar and Short Form-36 (SF-36) Arabic questionnaires. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and the two-way random intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC
(2.1)], respectively. Standard error of measurement (SEM) was used to calculate the minimal detectable change (MDC). Spearman correlation coefficients were used to test construct validity between QDASH-Ar and SF-36. The results demonstrated that QDASH-Ar had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86 and an ICC
(2.1) of 0.92. The scale’s SEM and MDC were 2.69 and 7.47, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the Quick-DASH score and the subscales of SF-36 ranged from −0.27 to −0.65, supporting the predefined hypotheses for construct validity. The discriminant validity was proven by the Quick-DASH total score between BC survivors with and without lymphedema (20.89 ± 12.78 vs. 33.63 ± 11.58,
P < 0.01). In conclusion, QDASH-Ar demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, excellent test–retest reliability, and moderate to strong construct validity. Clinicians and researchers can use this valid instrument to assess and monitor upper extremity activity limitations and symptoms in BC survivors.
Reinventing Mountain Food Traditions and Small Farm Survival in Southern Appalachia
Authors:   Walters State Community College, Morristown, U.S.A, Baker Chris
Published: May 2024

For over four decades, social scientists have addressed the relationship between development strategies and Appalachia’s highland cultural traditions. Historically, mountain foodways and diversified agricultural practices were defined as aspects of primitive folkways legitimating resource extractive industries and centralized development strategies. Today, the region contains many of the nation’s remaining family farms. The processes of globalization and growing demand for local foods are introducing highland farming traditions to new audiences. This case study looks at the emerging role family farms in the East Tennessee valley are playing in development and the social construction of the region’s foodways. Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives, I focus first on the historical roots and continuity of the region’s culinary tradition. Highland foods represent the core of mountain culture grounded in the ecological and economic experiences of its rural communities. Next the paper discusses the emergence of markets for place-based foods focusing on community development, tourism and a local foods-based culinary renaissance.
Comparing prospectively assigned trial and real-world lung cancer patients
Authors: Walker Brigham , Ray Herman E , Shao Ping , D'Ambrosio Claudio , White Craig , Walker Mark S
Published: May 2024

Aim:
To evaluate the comparability of a probable clinical trial (CT) cohort derived from electronic medical records (EMR) data with a real-world cohort treated with the same therapy and identified using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria to emulate an external control.
Methods:
We utilized de-identified patient-level structured data sourced from EMRs. We then compared patterns of overall survival (OS) between probable CT patients with those drawn from non-contemporaneous real-world data (RWD) using a two-sided log-rank test, hazard ratios (HRs) using a Cox proportional-hazards model and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curves. Each regression estimate was calculated with a corresponding 95% confidence interval. We additionally conducted multiple matching methods to assess their relative performance.
Results:
Median (standard deviation) OS was 10.2 (0.7) months for the RWD arm and 11.3 (1.3) for the probable CT arm with a Log rank p-value equal to 0.4771. OS in both cohorts is longer than the reported CT median OS of 9.2 (0.6). The HRs generated under all five assessed matching methods (including without adjustment) were not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest, with caveats noted, that survival patterns between real-world and CT cohorts in this NSCLC setting are not statistically significantly different.
A Internet das Coisas impulsiona a Irrigação na Agricultura
Authors: Kamienski Carlos , Dantas Ramide , Maia Rodrigo Filev
Published: May 2024

A agricultura consome a maior parte da água doce disponível no mundo. Com as mudanças climáticas, a introdução de tecnologias baseadas na internet das coisas no campo é essencial para garantir o nosso futuro através da irrigação de precisão.
Middleware IoT para Monitoramento Ambiental
Authors: Gomes Rafael Lopes
Published: May 2024

Internet das coisas e gerenciamento de serviços.
Pensamento Computacional
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Eduardo , Ribeiro Leila , Cavalheiro Simone André Costa
Published: May 2024

Este artigo discute as diretrizes definidas pela SBC para o desenvolvimento de Pensamento Computacional na Educação Básica. Essas diretrizes definem objetos de conhecimento e habilidades a serem trabalhados ao longo de todas etapas da vida escolar, dando aos estudantes sólidos subsídios para ser capaz de entender, analisar, discutir e criar novas tecnologias digitais.
Formação Educacional e Empregabilidade em TIC
Authors: Gallindo Sergio Paulo Gomes
Published: May 2024

Este artigo discute a necessidade da formação educacional para a empregabilidade em TIC.
Zu den moralischen Grundlagen der Lieferkettenhaftung für Menschenrechtsverletzungen
Authors: Lüdeking Matthias
Published: May 2024

Der Beitrag widmet sich den moralischen Grundlagen der Lieferkettenhaftung, soweit sie von rechtswissenschaftlichem Interesse sind. Zunächst wird die Lieferkettenverantwortung für Menschenrechtsverletzungen nach geltendem deutschen und sich abzeichnendem europäischen Recht knapp erläutert (B.). Danach werden zwei Gründe dargelegt, warum die moralischen Grundlagen der Lieferkettenhaftung rechtswissenschaftlich interessant sind. Der erste Grund ist, dass die Angemessenheit einer zivilrechtlichen Haftung in der juristischen Literatur umstritten ist und dass bei diesem Streit moralische Argumente (neben rechtsdogmatischen und rechtsökonomischen Argumenten) eine wichtige Rolle spielen (C.). Der zweite Grund ist, dass bei näherer Betrachtung ein rechtspolitischer Zusammenhang zwischen moralischer Verantwortung und deliktischer Haftung besteht, der haftungsbegrenzend dem Schutz der allgemeinen Handlungsfreiheit dient (D.). Danach wird die moralische Lieferkettenverantwortung im Einzelnen untersucht. Dazu bedarf es zunächst allgemeiner Überlegungen zur moralischen Verantwortung von juristischen Personen (E.). Darauf aufbauend wird ein in der zeitgenössischen Ethik einflussreiches Prinzip hergeleitet, das zu weitreichenden moralischen Verpflichtungen von Unternehmen führt. Dieses Prinzip erweist sich jedoch aus verschiedenen Gründen als kritikwürdig (F.). Daher soll die moralische Verantwortung der Unternehmen mit einer Theorie der Menschenrechte (im Anschluss an Amartya Sen) und mit einem anderen Prinzip begründet werden, das zu ausgewogeneren Ergebnissen führt (G.). Am Ende steht das Ergebnis, dass viele Fälle, in denen der europäische Gesetzgeber eine deliktische Haftung befürwortet, auch solche sind, in denen inländische Unternehmen eine moralische Verantwortung haben (H.). Moralisch ist die sich abzeichnende deliktische Haftung daher weitgehend vertretbar, was aber nichts darüber aussagt, ob sie auch aus rechtsökonomischer und rechtsdogmatischer Sicht wünschenswert ist.
Selbstbestimmung über das Geschlecht in den Grenzen des Bürgerlichen Rechts
Authors: Rentsch Bettina , Valentiner Dana-Sophia
Published: May 2024

Am 12.04.2024 hat der Bundestag das Selbstbestimmungsgesetz beschlossen. Es ermöglicht künftig, den personenstandsrechtlichen Geschlechtseintrag durch eine Erklärung gegenüber dem Standesamt zu korrigieren und löst das in die Jahre gekommene Transsexuellengesetz ab. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die zentralen Inhalte der Reform aus einer verfassungs- und zivilrechtlichen Perspektive.
War in Gaza: scenario-based excess mortality projections
Authors: Jamaluddine Z , Chen Z , Abukmail H , Aly S , Elnakib S , Barnsley G , Majorin F , Tong H , Igusa T , Campbell OMR , Spiegel PB , Checchi F
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION
Since 7 October 2023, large-scale military operations in the Gaza Strip have resulted in an escalating public health crisis. Residents of Gaza are mostly displaced from their homes and living in overcrowded conditions with insufficient access to water, sanitation, and food, and health services have been considerably disrupted. To inform humanitarian and decision-making efforts, we aimed to estimate the project excess mortality from traumatic injuries, infectious diseases, maternal and newborn complications, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) under different future scenarios.

METHODS
We used five different models to project excess deaths from February to August 2024, considering three scenarios: (1) an immediate and permanent ceasefire; (2) the status quo, reflecting conditions from mid-October 2023 to mid-January 2024; and (3) a further escalation of the conflict. Using publicly available data and expert consultations, our analysis projected excess deaths resulting under each scenario. A model was developed to determine increased malnutrition (as an underlying cause).

RESULTS
Without epidemics, the ceasefire scenario would result in 6550 excess deaths, rising to 58,260 under the status quo, and 74,290 under escalation. With epidemics, these projections rise to 11,580, 66,720, and 85,750, respectively. Under the ceasefire scenario, infectious diseases would be the main cause of excess deaths (1,520 excess deaths without epidemics and 6,550 with epidemics). Traumatic injuries followed by infectious diseases would be the main causes of excess deaths in both the status quo (53,450 due to traumatic injuries; 2,120 due to infectious diseases without epidemics and 10,590 including epidemics) and escalation scenarios (68,650 due to traumatic injuries; 2,720 due to infectious diseases without epidemics and 14,180 with epidemics). Our projections indicate that, even in the best-case ceasefire scenario, thousands of excess deaths would continue to occur, mainly due to the time it would take to improve water, sanitation, shelter conditions, and malnutrition, and restore functioning healthcare services in Gaza. While the total number of estimated excess deaths from maternal and neonatal causes are relatively small (100–330 excess deaths), every loss of a mother has severe consequences for family health and wellbeing. NCDs are projected to cause more deaths (1,680 (ceasefire) –2,680 (escalation) excess deaths) due to a heavily disrupted specialised health services and impeded access to treatment and medications.

CONCLUSION
These projections underscore the critical and urgent need for an immediate ceasefire to mitigate the alarming excess mortality in Gaza. The severity of the ceasefire scenario cannot be understated, with over 6–11 thousand excess deaths projected. Decision-makers must act swiftly to prevent further loss of life and address the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza.
Is Femininity Hard?
Authors: Korroch Kate
Published: May 2024

Kate Korroch questions the binary complement of “soft masculinity” by analysing the “hard” female leads in relation to their female counterparts in the television dramas First Shop of Coffee Prince (2007) and Secret Garden (2010). This chapter allows for a recentering of how perceptions of femininity are constructed, shifting away from female-male relationships.
Exposure Factors for Flexible Digital Detector Arrays
Authors:   Carestream NDT, White Brian S.
Published: May 2024

Exposure factors (R factors) provide guidance in gamma radiography applications. The exposure time is calculated
for a specific source type, activity, thickness of steel, desired exposure factor for a target film density or pixel
value, and source-to-detector distance (SDD). R factors to produce target film densities of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5
were published for M100, MX125, T200, AA400, and HS800 films. Digital R factors are now published for
Carestream rigid and flexible digital detector array (DDA) products. The flexible DDA’s are bent repeatedly
around curved surfaces for single wall viewing, as radiography codes and standards require that the detector be in
direct contact with the weld whenever practical. The R factor tables are published along with the supporting data
used to calculate them, which are provided in graphical format for each condition. Iridium, selenium, and cobalt
radioisotope sources were utilized for the generation of the data. Radiographers utilize the tables provided to enter
the R factor into a commercially available phone-based calculator to determine the exposure time required to
obtain the target optical density or grey value through the base metal. R factors are meant to be a starting point
only, as other factors related to the part geometry and technique impact the required exposure.
Fatigue crack detection in orthotropic steel deck bridges applied by FMC/TFM using reflected waves of multiple paths (1)
Authors:   Toshiba Corporation, Karasawa Hirokazu ,   Tokyo City University, Shirahata Hiromi ,   Shutoko Technology Center, Hirayama Shigeyuki ,   Metropolitan Expressway Company Limited, Nagai Masanobu ,   Toshiba Corporation, Matsumoto Shin ,   Toshiba Corporation, Isobe Hideo ,   Toshiba Corporation, Kodama Tomonari
Published: May 2024

We introduce the latest developed FMC/TFM (Full Matrix Capture and Total Focusing Method) and its application
for fatigue crack detection in orthotropic steel deck bridge. This developed inspection system consists of the
advanced high-speed ultrasonic inspection equipment and the remotely operated four-wheel scanner with a 32-
channel ultrasonic array probe for angle beam inspection. We developed MP-FMC/TFM (Multiple Paths Phased-
array FMC/TFM) in this project. MP-FMC/TFM enables to visualize outline image of cracks clearly by image
synthesis based on the propagation route information of direct path and the other paths reflected on the bottom of
an inspection object against clacks. This developed inspection system enables to generate clear B-scope images of
deck plate crack and bead (in deck-to-rib weld) crack with high-resolution. Furthermore, it enables to synthesizes
3D images of crack propagation with high-resolution along the weld line in real time by integrating the B-scope
images every time the scanner moves 2mm. As a result of verification test of fatigue crack propagation test
specimens, it was confirmed that this inspection system enables to visualize crack shape clearly and to achieves
measurement accuracy of ±0.8mm for depth of deck plate crack, and ±1.0mm for depth of bead crack. Currently,
verification tests are being conducted on an actual bridge, and practical application is planned in near future.
Sideband Peak Count – a new nonlinear ultrasonic technique for monitoring damage progression in engineering materials
Authors:   University of Arizona, Kundu Tribikram ,   University of Arizona, Zhang Guangdong
Published: May 2024

Linear ultrasonic (LU) techniques used by majority of the researchers working in material damage monitoring, are
reliable for detecting relatively large defects. If the defect dimensions are in the range of the ultrasonic
wavelength or larger, then those defects can be detected by analyzing the scattered ultrasonic fields. Material
damage affects LU parameters such as ultrasonic wave speed and attenuation and their changes are detectable for
relatively large defects. However, for small defects (when defect dimensions are significantly smaller than the
wavelength of the propagating signal) the changes in the LU parameters are too small to detect or measure reliably.
For detecting small defects engineers often use high frequency ultrasonic signals to make the defect dimensions
greater than the wavelength. However, high frequency signals attenuate quickly and therefore, only very small
regions near the ultrasonic probe can be inspected in this manner. Inspecting large structures by high frequency
ultrasonic signals requires moving the probe mechanically from one point to the next and therefore, can be very
time consuming.
Nonlinear ultrasonic (NLU) technique on the other hand does not need to satisfy this restricting condition that the
wavelength of the signal must be smaller than the defect size. NLU works well when the signal wavelength is
much larger than the defect size. Therefore, relatively low frequency signals that can propagate a long distance
and monitor a large area of a structure can be used for NLU measurements.
Different NLU techniques can be used for detection and monitoring of small damages in a specimen. A relatively
new NLU technique called the Sideband Peak Count-Index or SPC-I technique has been developed by the author
and his collaborators. SPC-I technique for monitoring different types of materials – composites, metals, concrete,
and other cement-based materials has been found to be effective. Along with those success stories of SPC-I the
effect of topography and the advantage of topological sensing is also discussed in this presentation.
Application of Acoustic Emission Technology for Bearing Condition Monitoring on Passenger Ropeway
Authors:   China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute (CSEI), Zhang J. ,   China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute (CSEI), Shen Gongtian ,   China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute (CSEI), Chen D. ,   China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute (CSEI), Hu Bin ,   China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute (CSEI), Wu Zhanwen
Published: May 2024

Rolling bearings are important stressed components of driving wheels and detour wheels on passenger ropeway,
and their failure may lead to accidents and casualties. After the ropeway is installed and put into operation, the
rolling bearings in the wheels are difficult to disassemble. Once disassembled, the bearing may be damaged. Due
to the installation position and the complex operation environment, the health status of the rolling bearings is a
blind spot for ropeway inspection and detection. Acoustic emission detection technology is used to monitor the
rolling bearings of passenger ropeways. After a large number of field tests, the acoustic emission monitoring
program and signal analysis method of rolling bearing on ropeway were proposed. The parameter characteristics
of acoustic emission signals obtained in bearing operating were analyzed from two aspects: the ropeway operating
cycle and the bearing operating cycle. Spectrum analysis of typical signals was performed, and the spectrum
characteristics of typical acoustic emission signals of rolling bearing during the operation of the ropeway were
obtained. On-site tests results show that using acoustic emission technology to perform condition monitoring and
fault diagnosis of low-speed rolling bearings on passenger ropeways has good application prospects.
Magnetic characterisation of ferromagnetic material
Authors:   Politecnico di Torino, Canova Aldo ,   Università Degli Studi Roma Tre, Quercio Michele ,   Politecnico di Torino, Solimene Luigi
Published: May 2024

In magnetic and electromagnetic non-destructive testing, the physical properties of the material are often not well
known or completely unknown. The design of the non-destructive testing systems that provide the magnetisation
is often oversized in order to get enough magnetic saturation (e.g. in magnetic flux leakage method or in
magnetoscopy method). An improvement of the device performances, expressed usually by the signal to noise
ratio, can be obtained only when the designer of the device well knows the material characteristic in terms of
magnetic curve, the curve that links the magnetic field strengths to the magnetic flux density. A good device must
be able to saturate the material sample under test but not to overcame determinate values. In fact, when the
magnetisation is low, the leakage of the flux is negligible, while when the magnetisation is too strong the material
tends to be like air and the leakage flux is negligible too. The experimental characterisation is derived from the
technique adopted for the testing of soft magnetic material adopted in electrical machines or electromechanical
actuators. In the present paper will be presented some material characterisation useful for the non-destructive
testing of railway track, metallic ropes or reinforcement iron.
Geometry effects in Impact Echo Signals - why traditional time-frequency filtering fails to remove them
Authors:   Helmut-Schmidt-University/ University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Dethof Fabian ,   Helmut-Schmidt-University/ University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Kessler Sylvia
Published: May 2024

Impact Echo signals can sometimes contain a lot of noise, even though the wavelength of the investigated modes
is in the order of the specimen thickness. A special type of noise signals are the so-called geometry effects. These
effects occur when the lateral dimensions of the investigated structure are not much larger than its thickness. This
study compares signals with and without geometry effects using various types of signal processing methods such
as classical fast Fourier transform, short-time Fourier transform, and the continuous wavelet transform. Results
show that signals without geometry effects have a much more stable resonance frequency, whereas the main
frequency content in Impact Echo signals containing geometry effects typically oscillates between two or more
discrete frequencies. As this oscillation lasts for the entirety of the signals, traditional time-frequency filters will
likely not be capable to remove geometry effects from Impact Echo signals. Resonance frequencies in Impact Echo
signals unaffected by geometry effects are much more stable, with no fluctuation or oscillation over time.
By comparing time-frequency representations of signals obtained at the same spot with different impactors, it is
observed that the peak frequency at the beginning of each signal is similar for all three measurements. This result
suggests that, for signals heavily affected by geometry effects, the beginning of the signal, which is usually
neglected during Impact Echo inspection, could provide useful information regarding the thickness of the inspected
structure. Two ways of obtaining thickness information from the signal beginning are presented and results are
compared using a dataset from a reference specimen: one method uses classical Fourier transform of the signal
beginning and the other approach uses the maximum frequency determined from the continuous wavelet transform.
The results for both approaches show that the Impact Echo signal beginning contains depth information, which
could prove valuable for evaluations of noisy datasets.
Utilizing phased array ultrasound technique to examine seal surface contact status in premium connections
Authors:   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Tian Chunmeng ,   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fan Jianchun ,   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Hu Jinqiu ,   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Wei Kaizhe
Published: May 2024

Premium connections are commonly employed in wells subjected to high temperature and high pressure (HTHP)
conditions. The key parameter in evaluating the sealing capability of premium connections is the contact condition
between the sealing surface. This paper presents a method based on phased array ultrasound testing (PAUT)
technique to examine the metal-to-metal contact states of the seal surface in premium conditions, and presents
experimental work on contact status of the seal surface in premium tubing connections using PAUT, testing
impacts of torque, seal surface defects and thread compounds dosage. The experimental findings demonstrate an
inverse relationship between the observed ultrasonic reflection amplitude and the applied torque on the premium.
Additionally, there is a robust exponential correlation manifested between the ultrasonic reflection amplitude and
the torque exerted on the premium. The ultrasonic reflection amplitude at the defect of the seal surface increases.
Under equivalent make-up torque conditions, the ultrasonic reflection amplitude on the sealing surface of premium
connections escalates as the dosage of thread compounds diminishes, and the importance of precise control of the
amount of thread compound used was confirmed. These data demonstrate that PAUT provides a reliable detection
technique for performance assessment on premium connections, both in quality control and field inspection.
Stress corrosion phenomenon of casing in CO2 medium and magnetic memory detection
Authors:   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Chen Qian ,   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fan Jianchun ,   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Zhang Laibin ,   China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Sun Jing
Published: May 2024

Due to being in an acidic CO2 environment and high-pressure underground, the stress corrosion
phenomenon on the inner wall of the CCUS wellbore is more pronounced, with the possibility
of wall thickness reduction and crack propagation, which affects the integrity and storage
reliability of the wellbore. This article conducted indoor experiments on stress corrosion of oil
casing, and characterized the stress corrosion through magnetic memory detection technology.
Through experiments, the stress corrosion morphology of specimens under different
concentrations, stresses, and defects was obtained. The microstructure of the stress corrosion
site was observed using SEM electron microscopy, and the stress corrosion situation of the
material in CO2 was observed, laying a foundation for magnetic memory detection; A stress
corrosion detection method under CO2 environment was proposed, and the magnetic memory
detection method was used to measure that the more severe the stress corrosion, the more
obvious the magnetic signal mutation; The shape and morphology of different defects vary, but
the main factors affecting magnetic memory signals are concentration and loading force. This
article verifies the feasibility of magnetic memory in stress corrosion detection through
experiments, and characterizes the stress corrosion situation using magnetic memory signals,
which is of great significance for non-destructive testing of wellbore stress corrosion in CO2
storage.
Impact-Echo for Crack Detection in Concrete with Artificial Intelligence based on Supervised Deep Learning
Authors:   Hokkaido University, Pandum Jeero ,   Hokkaido University, Hashimoto K. ,   Hokkaido University, Sugiyama Takafumi ,   Kasetsart University, Yodsudjai Wanchai
Published: May 2024

Aging concrete infrastructure such as bridges and tunnels need to be appropriately maintained in their service life
because these structures must be employed with ensured safety level. Inspection and maintenance with reasonable
measures are typically operated for the reinforced concrete before severe damage and failure are developed.
Especially, the crack propagation in concrete can significantly affect the structural integrity, durability and overall
performance of structural elements. Effective maintenance strategies are required for material and structural
assessment with detection and repair of cracks to prevent further deterioration. Identification of cracks in concrete
is effectively operated to extend the service life of structures for mitigating the potential safety hazards and
minimize the repair costs. In order to detect the cracks in the concrete structure member, non-destructive testing
(NDT) system can be often introduced to satisfy the technical issues in terms of damage evaluation and estimation
of repair condition. Currently, various NDT methods have been utilized for quantitative analysis of internal
damage/defects using elastic wave method such as impact-echo method, focusing on reflection of P-wave in
concrete as wave propagation behavior. In experimental laboratory tests, concrete specimens are usually prepared
with interior damages (cracks) which are simulated as embedded plastic plate or styrofoam. In this study, starch-
type polysaccharide sheet is used to form the simulated cracks in concrete specimen. This study aims at applying
impact-echo method with AI (Artificial Intelligence) to identify the internal crack information based on the
waveform characteristics obtained from the elastic wave propagation behavior. The waveform results are
converted to frequency spectrum by FFT analysis. Consequently, it is found in this study that AI, which is
employed by supervised deep learning models, successfully evaluates the data and displays the probability of crack
existence in concrete. Since FFT is a powerful algorithm that quickly converts a signal from the time domain to
the frequency domain, it gives efficient analysis to the impact echo method for crack detection with the application
of AI system.
Application of a simple two-point measurement strategy with emphasizing low-frequency signals to the force monitoring of cables
Authors:   National Chung-Hsing University, Zhong Pao-Yin ,   National Chung-Hsing University, Lin Yu-Hsiang ,   National Chung-Hsing University, Yu Chih-Peng
Published: May 2024

When dealing with vibration tests of tensioned suspenders and cables, signals containing relatively high frequency
components in comparing to the fundamental frequency are normally required in order to carry out reliable
diagnoses for force estimations. Meanwhile, the necessity of obtaining a precise and broadband spectrum of the
vibration signals would inevitably need to acquire relatively detailed time responses. One typical difficulty, which
arises when incorporating vibration analyses into monitoring tasks, is the inefficiency caused by the post-
processing for the huge amounts of time data.
In this work, a set of simple yet effective formulas associated with two-point measurements will be briefly
addressed. The proposed formulas are derived based on the continuous formulations of the string model, and the
corresponding applications to the tension estimations of slender members will be demonstrated using numerical
and experimental data related to stayed cables of various restrained scenarios and linked-suspenders as well.
The purposes of this work are twofold; firstly to introduce the potential usefulness of the proposed measurement
strategy to form effective schemes for the tension assessments; secondly to evolve an efficient incorporation of
wireless measuring techniques without the need of processing cumbersome time data which are the common
consequences the analysts would encounter in the analysis tasks. Finally, this work aims to highlight practical
ideas in guiding the use of the proposed techniques in the monitoring of cables/suspenders in field.
Corrosion detection and localisation utilising a novel thin film guided wave sensor sparse array
Authors:   Novosound, Dick Cameron ,   Novosound, McInnes Martin ,   Novosound, Thring Claire ,   Novosound, Irving Daniel ,   Novosound, Hughes Dave A.
Published: May 2024

Detecting and pinpointing corrosion-related damage in infrastructure poses significant financial and technical
difficulties. It is simply not feasible to manually inspect all infrastructure for corrosion. Permanently installed
systems can monitor critical failure points without the need for manual scanning but these are not always known.
Ultrasonic guided wave technology can be used for full system coverage, however, there is a trade-off between
range and resolution. This has found a place for long distance monitoring of significant defects, however high-
resolution systems require too dense a network to be feasible to install, cost and maintain. This research seeks a
middle ground between these two options by employing machine learning and a scalable setup of easy to install,
printed detection sensors. A flexible array of printed thin film sensors is placed around two identical mild steel
pipes, each 0.5m long with a 6 mm wall thickness and 115 mm outer diameter. Corrosion is then induced artificially
in one sample. Two transmit transducers on the top and bottom of the pipes are used to emit an ultrasonic,
circumferential guided wave. The transmitted waveform was then received on all sensors throughout the array for
data collection. Through machine learning and a search algorithm, sub-millimetre resolution is achieved, detecting
millimetre-scale corrosion and localisation to the nearest detection sensor. Crucially, the system maintains
scalability for large-scale asset inspection. This technology shows promise in addressing inspection challenges,
including Corrosion Under Pipe Supports (CUPS) and Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI). It offers a potential
solution to the costly problem of infrastructure damage detection and localisation while retaining scalability and a
low-profile design philosophy.
Magneto-acoustic Fusion Sensing for Surface and Subsurface Defect Differentiation in the Ferromagnetic Material
Authors:   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Tang Qin ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Gao Bin ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Liu Dong ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Ru Gaige ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Ma Qiuping ,   Nanchang HangKong University, Shi Wenze ,   Deyuan Pipeline Technology Company Ltd, Shen Liang
Published: May 2024

The conventional periodic permanent magnet (PPM) shear horizontal (SH0) guided wave electromagnetic acoustic
transducer (EMAT) has a good detection capability for defects on both the surface and subsurface of the material.
However, it is difficult to distinguish between surface and subsurface defects in the material using only the
amplitude of the defect echo. In this paper, SH0 guided wave is excited using the SH0 guided wave EMAT with
PPM configuration, which is used to achieve the detection and evaluation of defects on the surface and subsurface
of ferromagnetic metal; on the other hand, the local magnetic field perturbation (MFP) effect of the PPM
configuration on ferromagnetic material is fully exploited to achieve the identification of surface defects by picking
up the MFP of the material at the defects. The proposed magneto-acoustic fusion effect sensor has an improved
spatial magnetic field at both the mechanical construction and the magnetic sensor compared to the traditional
magnetic flux leakage (MFL) detection method. Both simulation and experiment show that the proposed magneto-
acoustic fusion effect sensing method based on the PPM configuration is capable of detecting the defects on the
surface and subsurface of metal material, while the MFP effect in the fusion sensor can be used to help differentiate
between the surface and subsurface defects in the material.
Automated Detection of MT Indications with CRACKVIEW AI
Authors:   Karl Deutsch Pruef- und Messgeraetebau, Rast Helge ,   Karl Deutsch Pruef- und Messgeraetebau, Deutsch Wolfram A. Karl ,   Karl Deutsch Pruef- und Messgeraetebau, Maass Michael ,   Karl Deutsch Pruef- und Messgeraetebau, Klein Stefan ,   Karl Deutsch Pruef- und Messgeraetebau, Schaefers Daniel ,   Karl Deutsch Pruef- und Messgeraetebau, Dochtermann Tim
Published: May 2024

Magnetic particle testing (MT) has been used in non-destructive testing for over 80 years.
Although there were attempts to automate it in the last century, it is still largely done manually
today. Many forges and foundries already have a very high degree of automation in production,
so that most of the personnel costs are spent on the final inspection. Especially in high-wage
countries, these companies are under great cost pressure and the exhibit the problem of finding
enough qualified personnel and keeping costs low at the same time. As a result of this growing
pressure, there has been an increasing number of enquiries from test system manufacturers for
fully automated MT systems in recent years.
The advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the last decade, show a promising way
to realize the automated evaluation of indications in MT systems. The AI method of deep
learning uses neural networks, that simulate the working principle of a human brain, is trained
by a large amount of data. In case annotated images of crack indications. After the training the
network is capable of detecting crack indications independent of the part geometry or crack
position on the part itself.
This presentation shows the CRACKVIEW AI system developed by KARL
DEUTSCH for the automated evaluation in magnetic particle testing and presents results from
its application.
Investigations of high-Performance Ultrasonic Transducers based on PMN-PT Single Crystals
Authors:   Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Herzog Thomas ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Walter Susan ,   iBULe Photonics Co, Lee Sang-Goo ,   iBULe Photonics Co, Lee Jeong-Ho ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Schubert Frank ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Heuer Henning ,   IFU Diagnostic Systems GmbH, Dittrich René
Published: May 2024

Ultrasonic transducers for NDE applications are commonly based on Lead Zirconate Titanate
or PZT, an inorganic compound and ceramic perovskite material. Until now the advantages of
PMN-PT are used in medical applications, but are not implemented in NDE. Lead Magnesium
Niobate-Lead Titanate (PMN-PT) is well known for its high sensitivity and broad frequency
spectrum. While conventional PZT materials have an electromechanical coupling factor K33 (a
measure of the conversion between electrical and acoustic energy) of about 0.72, PMN-PT
materials reach peak values of more than 0.93. For applications with low signal amplitudes,
high electronic noise and small transducer elements, the performance of ultrasonic probes can
be significantly enhanced by using Lead Magnesium Niobate-Lead Titanate (PMN-PT) instead
of PZT. This single-crystal material offers significantly better piezo parameters and leads to a
higher sensitivity and larger bandwidth. There is a better depth resolution possible with this
transducers as practical tests have shown. Similar to PZT it can also be fabricated in 1-3 piezo-
composite technology. In a cooperation between Fraunhofer IKTS, iBULe Photonics, and IFU
Diagnostic Systems, PMN-PT ultrasonic transducers are developed and optimized. The
performance of phased array probes and single element transducers was measured by a so called
PCUS® pro electronic front end from Fraunhofer and compared with equivalent PZT-based
probes. As a result various single element and phased array transducers with im-proved
performances are available for NDT of typical aerospace materials and applications. These test
setups were used to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages, such as achievable precision
or costs, for the implementation of a PMN-PT-based UT matrix probe. Based on this, a wiring
variant adapted to the PMN-PT was developed and optimised for the matrix setups by pre-
assembling the matching layers. The most favourable setup turned out to be bonding the PMN-
PT composites to the prefabricated matching layers together with a rigid-flexible PCB frame.
This enabled direct wire bonding of 64 matrix elements to the matching PCB pads on the rigid
frame.
A Study on the Time-Frequency Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation Signals during Concrete Cracking
Authors:   Tsinghua University, Zhang Jinghua ,   Tsinghua University, Wen Shuzhi ,   Tsinghua University, Peng Lisha ,   Tsinghua University, Liu Xufei ,   Tsinghua University, Liu Yangbo ,   Tsinghua University, Kong Xiangbo ,   Tsinghua University, Huang Songling
Published: May 2024

At the moment of rupture, brittle materials such as concrete, coal, and rocks experience a sudden stress change
that generates oscillating positive and negative charges on the crack surfaces, resulting in the emission of
electromagnetic radiation (EMR) signals. While extensive investigations have focused on the EMR signals
produced during the fracturing of coal and rocks, limited attention has been given to the signals arising from
concrete cracking. Previous studies have predominantly concentrated on amplitude or frequency domain analysis,
lacking a comprehensive exploration of the time-frequency domain characteristics of electromagnetic signals. In
this study, various magnetic field sensors capable of collecting frequencies ranging from 50Hz to 50kHz are
developed. A laboratory testing platform for concrete cracking is established with the utilization of data acquisition
equipment and a rock point load tester. The EMR signals are subjected to time-frequency domain analysis using
Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) methods. The study explores the relationship between the time-frequency
domain characteristics of EMR signals and concrete dimensions, as well as the instantaneous stress drop at the
moment of fracture. Experimental findings reveal that the dominant frequency of EMR signals generated during
concrete cracking is in the low-frequency range. As the instantaneous stress drop at the moment of fracture
increases, the frequency of the EMR signals shifts towards higher frequencies and the signals around 10kHz has a
longer duration. When the frequency of EMR signals is lower than 20kHz, larger concrete dimensions result in
greater stress drops at the moment of fracture, leading to higher intensity EMR signals. Utilizing the EMR
characteristics of concrete cracking holds promise for monitoring the safety and stability of concrete structures.
Cybersecurity for Sustainable Smart Healthcare: State of the Art, Taxonomy, Mechanisms, and Essential Roles
Authors: Ali Guma , M. Mijwil Maad
Published: May 2024

Cutting-edge technologies have been widely employed in healthcare delivery, resulting in transformative advances and promising enhanced patient care, operational efficiency, and resource usage. However, the proliferation of networked devices and data-driven systems has created new cybersecurity threats that jeopardize the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of critical healthcare data. This review paper offers a comprehensive evaluation of the current state of cybersecurity in the context of smart healthcare, presenting a structured taxonomy of its existing cyber threats, mechanisms and essential roles. This study explored cybersecurity and smart healthcare systems (SHSs). It identified and discussed the most pressing cyber threats and attacks that SHSs face, including fake base stations, medjacking, and Sybil attacks. This study examined the security measures deployed to combat cyber threats and attacks in SHSs. These measures include cryptographic-based techniques, digital watermarking, digital steganography, and many others. Patient data protection, the prevention of data breaches, and the maintenance of SHS integrity and availability are some of the roles of cybersecurity in ensuring sustainable smart healthcare. The long-term viability of smart healthcare depends on the constant assessment of cyber risks that harm healthcare providers, patients, and professionals. This review aims to inform policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and technology stakeholders about the critical imperatives and best practices for fostering a secure and resilient smart healthcare ecosystem by synthesizing insights from multidisciplinary perspectives, such as cybersecurity, healthcare management, and sustainability research. Understanding the most recent cybersecurity measures is critical for controlling escalating cyber threats and attacks on SHSs and networks and encouraging intelligent healthcare delivery.
PENGARUH KEROHANIAN ANGGOTA JEMAAT TERHADAP KEMAJUAN PENGINJILAN GEREJA GMAHK NARIPAN BANDUNG BERDASARKAN MATIUS 28:19-20
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Pane Exson Eduaman
Published: May 2024

Menurut Matius 28:19-20, penelitian ini menyelidiki bagaimana kerohanian anggota jemaat berdampak pada kemajuan penginjilan di Gereja GMAHK Naripan Bandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang menggunakan survei dan analisis jalur. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang bertanya tentang kerohanian anggota jemaat, aktivitas penginjilan, persepsi mereka tentang kemajuan gereja, dan tanggapan terhadap Matius 28:19-20. Menurut hasil penelitian, sebagian besar jemaat terlibat dalam aktivitas gereja dan memiliki kebiasaan berdoa dan meditasi Alkitab. Namun, beberapa orang kurang terlibat dalam ibadah Sabat. Mereka biasanya terlibat dalam kegiatan penginjilan, tetapi kurang terlibat dalam konferensi dan seminar gereja. Meskipun beberapa orang mengatakan mereka kurang memahaminya, tanggapan terhadap ajaran Matius 28:19-20 menunjukkan pemahaman dan penerapan yang baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gereja GMAHK Naripan Bandung memiliki jemaat yang aktif dan berkomitmen, namun masih ada ruang untuk peningkatan dalam beberapa aspek kegiatan gereja.
Strategi Integrasi Pengembangan Tenaga Pendidik dan Kependidikan di Era Globalisasi pada SMA Kartika IV-3 Surabaya
Authors: Aisyandha Aisyandha , Rosalawati Fitria , Fitriya Lailatul , Hoiro Rif’a Ummul
Published: May 2024

In the era of globalization that continues to develop, an integration strategy for the development of teaching and education staff in the era of globalization at SMA Kartika IV-3 Surabaya is crucial to ensuring the success of the education system at the school. This research aims to collect interview results in the form of articles, by means of observations regarding integration strategies for developing teaching and education staff in the era of globalization. The method used is descriptive qualitative, where the researcher will describe and explain in detail the integration strategy for developing teaching and education staff in the era of globalization. This research applies interview data where this data is taken observationally, and various journal sources that are still related to the research title.
Culture and arts management: A bibliometric analysis using software
Authors: Tekin Seçkin , Burkut Emine Banu , Dal Murat
Published: May 2024

This article aims to make a comparative analysis of academic publications on cultural management and art management in the field of architecture through software programs. The bibliometric analysis method was used as a method in the research. This method is an effective analysis method to show the trend of existing publications from an objective and quantitative point of view and to create visual maps. The data of the study were collected between February 29, 2024, and March 15, 2024. The analysis of the research data was carried out with the VOSviewer software program. An evaluation was made according to the findings of these analyses. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the number of publications in the field of culture and arts management is low and more research should be done in the field. In addition, this publication aims to examine and reveal the visibility of academic publications in the field of culture and arts management and to contribute to future research by evaluating existing publications through software programs.