bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation in Work and Industrial Relations: The Experience of Fortex
Authors: Curtis Bruce
Published: April 2018

The paper will trace the innovations in doing business achieved by the Fortex Group, which were reliant on a reworking of the forms of work and industrial relations typical to the meat industry. The innovations used by Fortex included: I) the integration of niche marketing and new forms of processing; 2) the use of shift work and the move to the year round employment of meatworkers; 3) the adoption of TQM and teamwork involving the meatworkers ' union; and 4) the attempt at new contracts with its farmer-suppliers, in which the union played an important part. The paper will go on to account for why these significant developments failed to secure the firm. In this regard it will be argued that the study of work and industrial relations requires an appreciation of not just the sites where deals between management and labour are produced but of the embeddedness of these deals within the networks of the industry. The causes of the failure of Fortex are identified as: 1) the erosion of its competitive edge; 2) the inability to subordinate its farmer-suppliers; and 3) the vulnerability of the firm in competition for stock. Fortex can be said to have fronted an effort to rework the networks of the meat industry and although the firm obtained the close support of the meatworkers' union in its plants it was nevertheless undone by an alignment of interests outside the fi rm.
Defining Careers
Authors: Humphries Maria , Gatenby Bev
Published: April 2018

The emerging career literature increasingly redefines the individual as the primary repository of control, responsibilities, and benefits of 'the career' and promises individual empowerment and liberation. 'The career' is being conceptually decoupled from its historical employment or occupational related limitations. Individuals become the authors of their diverse and multidimensional destinies. Women are promised equal career opportunities with other diverse human beings. Through a longitudinal, feminist participatory action research project, we aim to encourage research participants to engage in career exploration and planning. We note the attempts of participants to devise broadened definitions of 'career' consistent with the 'protean ' or 'boundary less' notions now finding favour in career Literature and to live out those aspirations embodied in their definitions. We invoke the analytical contributions of critical theorists to caution against the prevailing optimism for women's career opportunities implied in contemporary career writing which take scant account of persistent capitalist and patriarchal exploitation.
Labour Market Statistics - Plugging the Gaps
Authors: Ewing Ian , Evans Sharon
Published: April 2018

Official statistics have not kept pace with the deregulation of the labour market in the 1990s. Beginning in 1992 with the Rose Review' there have been several assessments of the gaps and what is required to plug them. The report of the Prime Ministerial Task Force on Employment in 1994 and the 1996 work of an interdepartmental working group reached similar conclusions about the needs. In the last two years some important advances have occurred. The 1996 Census of Population extended the coverage of education and training topics. Central government funding was obtained for Household Labour Force Survey supplements on education and training (once only) and income (annually). Results from all three supplements will be available in 1997. Feasibility studies, funded by a group of Government agencies, have been done on employer's training practices and expenditure. Statistics New Zealand has developed new classifications for levels of educational attainment and field of educational study. There are still a number of unmet needs, particularly in the areas of labour market dynamics, workplace industrial relations, employment-related business statistics and Maori labour force involvement. Options for funding these have been explored in 1996 with no positive outcomes yet.
Experiencia mexicana en el diseño de seguros ganaderos paramétricos satelitales de tipo catastrófico: bases conceptuales y teóricas
Authors: Paz Pellat Fernando , Bolaños Martín , Pascual Ramírez Fermín , Escamilla Jesús , Cuesta Mario , Zuñiga José Inés
Published: April 2018

El desarrollo de instrumentos de gestión de riesgos climáticos permite instrumentar acciones de adaptación ante el cambio climático, además de hacer ef iciente el uso de recursos f inancieros para mitigar los impactos. En México, el empleo de estos instrumentos no se ha documentado, por lo que en este trabajo se desarrolla un marco conceptual-teórico para la instrumentación de seguros ganaderos paramétricos satelitales, con la f inalidad de exponer sus ventajas y delimitar sus alcances. Para tal f in, se aplicaron los conceptos de unidad de riesgo, umbral de pago y elementos asociados al seguro, para establecer el riesgo climático que se asocia a las actividades agropecuarias, principalmente por sequías. Bajo el requerimiento crítico de una relación lineal entre el índice espectral y la biomasa vegetal, sin constante aditiva, se usó el índice espectral NDVIcp, optimizado por diversos efectos, lo que dio lugar al desarrollo de un esquema de seguro técnicamente sólido, sin el requisito de contar con información histórica de producción agropecuaria y que, además, refleja f ielmente la realidad en campo. Todo lo anterior, permitió sentar las bases para el diseño de un seguro ganadero paramétrico satelital de tipo catastróf ico sólido, transparente y conceptualmente accesible a los usuarios del mismo.
Relaciones entre la precipitación, producción de biomasa e índices espectrales de la vegetación: alcances y limitaciones
Authors: Paz Pellat Fernando , Díaz-Solís Heriberto
Published: April 2018

La precipitación (P) es uno de los factores principales que explican la producción de biomasa en pastizales y matorrales. La ef iciencia en el uso de la precipitación (EUP), relación entre la producción de biomasa y la precipitación, permite el uso de paradigmas simples de modelos (Simple Ecological Sustainability Simulator o SESS) que pueden ser parametrizados con información meteorológica existente en el país. La relación EUP-Precipitación se analizó de acuerdo con la evidencia experimental disponible, estableciéndose la relación matemática congruente con esta evidencia, a efecto de replantear la relación que se usó en el modelo SESS. Para parametrizar la EUP en función de índices de vegetación, se analizó un ejemplo en Coahuila, México, de corridas del modelo SESS y de estimaciones del índice NVDIcp a través del uso de imágenes del sensor AVHRR, para establecer relaciones funcionales entre la EUP espectral (NDVIcp/P) y la biomasa verde estimada con el modelo SESS. Al f inal se discuten opciones de desarrollo para enfoques de integración de modelos y sensores remotos.
Propiedades morfológicas de los suelos asociadas a los ecosistemas de Páramo, Nariño, Sur de Colombia
Authors: Zúñiga Ugalde Felipe , Huertas Delgado Jenny , Guerrero Obando Gabriela , Dörner Fernández José , Sarasty Bravo Jairo , Burbano Orjuela Hernán
Published: April 2018

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) indicó: “Una nación que destruye su suelo, se destruye a sí misma”. ¿Cómo podemos acercar el suelo a la sociedad para que esta sentencia no se convierta en una realidad? Una alternativa es desarrollar herramientas didácticas que permitan socializar la información que los perf iles de suelo nos pueden entregar. Se estudiaron propiedades morfológicas de los suelos asociados a los ecosistemas de Páramos en Nariño, Sur de Colombia y su vínculo con los servicios ecosistémicos (SE) a través de una función de pedotransferencia (FPTs); con un enfoque instructivo, orientado a la regulación ambiental de la zona de estudio. Se describieron morfológicamente 42 horizontes de suelo en un rango de nueve ecosistemas (páramos hasta cultivos) en la zona Andina de Nariño, Sur de Colombia. En general, los suelos más profundos se encontraron en sistemas de páramos y bosque nativo, presentaron una coloración más oscura, evidencia de mayor acumulación de carbono orgánico en el suelo. La densidad aparente del suelo varío entre 0.13 a 1.35 Mg m‑3 y el carbono orgánico del suelo entre 0.60 a 23.77% Esta propiedad explicó la densidad aparente del suelo (P < 0.0001; r2 = 0.83) y se describió a partir de una ecuación inversa de primer orden. El carbono orgánico del suelo es un indicador útil para estimar aspectos cuantitativos del sistema poroso del suelo que permiten inferir servicios ecosistémicos de regulación de agua, aire y nutrientes de los Páramos. Finalmente, se propusieron “cartillas informativas de suelo” como herramientas que permitirán informar y crear conciencia en los pobladores de la zona de influencia respecto de la importancia del suelo como capital natural y evitar que la sentencia de F.D. Rossevelt se convierta en una incómoda realidad.
Electronic media use and sleep in toddlerhood and preschool age
Authors: Praninskienė R. , Jusienė R. , Laurinaitytė I. , Petronytė L. , Rakickienė I. , Urbonas V.
Published: April 2018

Introduction and aim. The use of modern information technology (IT) can affect children’s physical and mental health. The aim of the present study was to find out how long young children use different IT devices (screens) and whether the IT usage was associated with sleep habits, routines, sleep duration and sleep problems.Methods. We analyzed data of 500 children, whose age was between 18-72 months (M=41.29, SD=15.44). Parents of toddlers and preschool children from different regions of Lithuania were asked to fill in questionnaires about their children’s mental and physical health and the use of information technologies and screen time on workdays and weekends. The study was carried out in April-August 2017. The survey questionnaire contained questions about the child’s development, social environment, and usage of IT devices. Children’s sleep problems were assessed using the Child’s Behavior Check list (CBCL /1½-5).Results. The study results revealed that most children’s sleep duration was 9-10 hours per night. 95.3% of children, who slept 8 hours, and all children, who slept 7 hours during night, slept also during daytime. 77% of children at this age slept during the day. Younger children had habits and routine before sleep time, but they had also more awakenings during the nighttime. About half of the children had at least one IT device in their sleeping room. Children of parents with lower education were more likely to have an IT device in the sleeping room, and they were permitted to watch movies before bedtime. Also, children who had an IT device in their sleeping room had more difficulties initiating sleep, and they had more sleep problems (reaching the borderline or clinical level). Children who were sleeping shorter than 8 hours at night were using computers longer during the week and on weekends, they also spent more time on other screens during the weekends. Finally, the longer over all screen time was prominent in the group of children who had the highest scores of sleep problems.Conclusions. This study supports recent findings in other countries confirming that the use of IT in the early childhood before going to sleep and having devices in bedroom are associated with sleep problems, difficulties initiating sleep and shorter sleep duration.
Reliability and validity of the Lithuanian version of headache-attributed lost time (HALT) index
Authors: Zagorskienė I. , Abelkis E. , Mameniškienė R.
Published: April 2018

Background. Headache-Attributed Lost Time (HALT) index is a tool recommended by WHO to determine the burden of headache to the patient and his everyday life. This instrument has not been validated in Lithuanian so far.Objective. To perform cross-cultural adaptation of the Lithuanian HALT version and to test its reliability and validity.Materials and methods. The questionnaire was culturally adapted for Lithuanian speaking population following the recommendations of International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. Psychometric properties of HALT were tested on adults complaining of headache of any kind. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability after 2 weeks were determined. Construct validity was assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain and Lithuanian version of SF-36v2 questionnaire.Results. Lithuanian version of HALT index (HALT-LT) satisfying requirements of linguistic and cultural adaptation was prepared. HALT-LT demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Correlations for all proposed constructs were significant.Conclusions. HALT-LT can be used as an instrument for adult patients in Lithuanian speaking population. This questionnaire can become a convenient tool in the daily practice of a physician, assessing the burden of a headache.
Myasthenia gravis as one of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes associated with small cell lung cancer. Case report
Authors: Bunevičiūtė R. , Masaitienė R. , Klimašauskienė A.
Published: April 2018

Myasthenia gravis associated with extrathymic malignancies is a rarely diagnosed pathology in clinical practice. We report a case of myasthenia gravis-like syndrome associated with small cell lung cancer. A male patient has been diagnosed with 3 different paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: sensorimotor polyneuropathy, limbic encephalitis and myasthenia gravis-like syndrome which was confirmed by positive repetitive nerve stimulation test. The causal association between small cell lung cancer and myasthenia gravis as a paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) has not been officially confirmed yet. However, there is increasing evidence in the literature, that myasthenia gravis could be one of the PNS phenotypes of non-thymomatous malignancies.
Clinical case – medulloblastoma
Authors: Kablytė A. , Gleiznienė R.
Published: April 2018

In this article we present a clinical case of malignant neuroectodermal tumor – medulloblastoma manifestation in a pediatric patient. This type of tumor occurs mostly in infants, and it is more common among boys than girls. Usually in clinical practice, same as in our case, the main clinical symptoms are behavioral changes, sluggishness, nausea, vomiting and headache caused by elevation of intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus. Although tumor biopsy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of medulloblastoma, diagnostic imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are very important as well. These medical imaging techniques give us a lot of necessary information about tumor localization in posterior cranial fossa and dissemination in surrounding brain tissue. This in formation is helpful when deciding what treatment option is the finest in a specific clinical case. Also, it is useful to evaluate postoperative brain tissue, whether the tumor resection was radical or not.
¿Nos estamos transformando digitalmente en Colombia?
Authors: Gallardo M. Sara
Published: April 2018

Para reflexionar sobre lo que significa una transformación digital en el país, analizar si están o no dadas las condiciones para lograrlo, plantear las necesidades más inmediatas y formular propuestas, acudieron al debate cinco especialistas en el tema.
Experiência docente e transmissão familiar do magistério no Brasil
Authors: Garcia Munhoz Fabiana , Gonçalves Vidal Diana
Published: April 2018

Este artigo apresenta interpretações sobre experiências docentes no Brasil na primeira metade do século XIX. Trabalhamos com a hipótese de que a aprendizagem do ofício no âmbito familiar foi uma importante via de reprodução da docência e de que houve investimento das famílias em transmitir, aos seus membros, esta herança imaterial e favorecer a inserção ao corpo docente, sobretudo público. Nossa interpretação é tecida a partir de procedimentos metodológicos da micro-história e dos alertas analíticos do campo da cultura material escolar. O cerne das fontes é constituído por ofícios e mapas de frequência, remetidos pelos professores à inspetoria da instrução pública, pela legislação educacional do período e por livros de memórias de localidades. As experiências docentes das famílias estudadas permitem analisar diferentes dimensões da inserção dos sujeitos no magistério e a percepção de que o magistério tem, na família, uma ambiência favorável, e, mais do que isso, autorizada e legítima de reprodução do ofício, reverberando na legislação educacional do período.
Historia Polí­tica de la Tecnologí­a: una propuesta metodológica para la historia de la arquitectura escolar (Ciudad de México, 1880-1920)
Authors: Ortega Ibarra Carlos
Published: April 2018

Los historiadores de la arquitectura, la salud y la educación han estudiado la arquitectura escolar desde distintas orientaciones metodológicas. La más reciente se refiere a la cultura material escolar, que contempla al edificio como parte del proceso educativo. Pero estas historiografí­as han pasado por alto la interacción entre los aspectos técnicos y polí­ticos que hacen posible la materialidad de una escuela. En este artí­culo se sugiere, tras un breve recuento historiográfico, la Historia Polí­tica de la Tecnologí­a como una metodologí­a complementaria para comprender la arquitectura escolar en tanto acto técnico en el cual intervienen factores epistémicos y polí­ticos. Para ello se recurre a los primeros reglamentos técnicos referentes al establecimiento de una escuela primaria y la construcción de las primeras escuelas tipo en la Ciudad de México, durante los años de 1880 a 1920.
Realidades y desafí­os de la financiación de los colegios públicos en los primeros años de vida republicana en Colombia, 1819-1828
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: April 2018

Este artí­culo examina las dificultades económicas experimentadas durante la fase de implementación de los colegios públicos (de educación secundaria y superior) durante la temprana vida republicana en Colombia. Los ambiciosos planes de cobertura se tropezaron con un ambiente hostil marcado por la crisis económica, el déficit fiscal y la tensión polí­tico-militar en medio de una frágil y fluctuante estructura administrativa. Ante este panorama, se plantearon diferentes alternativas de financiamiento: recursos estatales, fondos provenientes del clero secular y donaciones de carácter privado. Bajo la inspiración del sentimiento patriótico, constantemente se recurrió al apoyo ciudadano en procura de garantizar una mejor educación de la juventud con miras a lograr el progreso y estabilidad de la naciente República.
Semblanza de Miguel E. Schulz (1851-1922): Eminente profesor y educador
Authors: Rockwell Elsie , Maruri María Elena
Published: April 2018

Miguel E. Schulz nació el 11 de octubre de 1851 y falleció en la Ciudad de México a la edad de 71 años, el 3 de diciembre de 1922. Estudió sus primeras letras con el maestro don Joaquí­n Noreña; ingresó a la Academia de San Carlos y posteriormente a la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria (ENP). Desde muy joven destacó por su talento en las artes, principalmente en la escultura, y en 1870 obtuvo una pensión en la Escuela de Bellas Artes, como estí­mulo a su aprovechamiento. En 1910, después de una destacada carrera como profesor y autor, la Universidad Nacional lo honró con el grado de doctor ex officio (Garciadiego, 1996: 115-116).
Formación, organización y escritura de algunos representantes del Consejo Nacional de Huelga del movimiento estudiantil del 68 durante su estancia en la cárcel de Lecumberri
Authors: Ávila Urbina María Eugenia
Published: April 2018

Los procesos formativos no se limitan a los ámbitos escolares. Existen situaciones lí­mite, como el contexto carcelario, que hacen que dichos procesos se aceleren e intensifiquen. A través de estas páginas revisaré la estancia en la prisión de Lecumberri de algunos representantes del Consejo Nacional de Huelga del movimiento estudiantil de 1968, su singular organización, la manera en que vivieron ese periodo formativo de excepción y la explosión creativa que experimentaron, de la cual surgió la decisión de realizar un texto colectivo que, aunque no pudo llegar a publicarse como tal, fue el germen de una serie de escritos que han alimentado la historiografí­a de ese periodo decisivo de la vida nacional.
Caminos coloniales hacia el mundo moderno. Narrativas de la conquista de América en libros de texto alemanes y mexicanos contemporáneos
Authors: Schumann Daniel
Published: April 2018

Este artí­culo examina desde una perspectiva comparativa la narrativización y funcionalización de la conquista de América en los libros de texto escolares actuales de Alemania y México (publicados entre 2009 y 2014). Se usa el método del análisis del discurso con enfoque en la incorporación del acontecimiento histórico en macronarrativas, se estudian también diferentes modos de establecer imaginarios hegemónicos de interculturalidad a través de la narración de la conquista. Argumento en que, a pesar de que las representaciones históricas difieran, pueden observarse silenciamientos epistémicos semejantes.
Notas serenas. Las hermanas Cossettini y la enseñanza de la música en su experiencia educativa en Rosario, Argentina
Authors: Fernández Sandra , Yunis Micaela
Published: April 2018

Este artí­culo apunta a demostrar la singularidad y trascendencia del caso de la Escuela Experimental Gabriel Carrasco de Rosario, Argentina, con relación a la enseñanza y difusión musical propiciada por las hermanas Cossettini en dicha institución entre 1935-1950. Para destacar la peculiaridad de esta experiencia, aun dentro del propio escolanovismo vernáculo, esta investigación está centrada en dos grandes temas: la gran preocupación de las hermanas Cossettini por incorporar la música como elemento central de su propuesta curricular a través de sus Conciertos fonoeléctricos y las Misiones Culturales (Coro de Pájaros), y el diálogo internacional con referentes del mundo de la educación musical para transformar la enseñanza, y difundir e intercambiar resultados.
Reseña del XII Congreso Iberoamericano de Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana. Medellín, Colombia, 15-18 de marzo de 2016
Authors: Ramos Reyes Jesús , García Serrano Adriana Alejandra , Rosales Morales Francisco Javier
Published: April 2018

En 1992 se llevó a cabo el primer Congreso Iberoamericano de Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana en Bogotá, Colombia. En 24 años de existencia, este congreso bianual figura como uno de los de mayor prestigio por contar con el respaldo de las sociedades de historia de la educación de España y América Latina, y reunir a reconocidos historiadores e instituciones. El Congreso 2016, en su doceava edición, volvió a Colombia, ahora a la ciudad de Medellí­n, donde se realizó del 15 al 18 de marzo en la Universidad de Antioquia.2 Las instalaciones de esta universidad y edificios externos de apoyo, como el Jardí­n Botánico, el Ruta N, el de Extensión y la Sede de Investigación Universitaria, brindaron los espacios de presentación y convivencia para los cerca de 650 presentadores y 115 asistentes.
De cómo la escuela construye históricamente libertad con disciplina. Un guiño para pensar históricamente la relación paz y educación
Authors: Echeverri Álvarez Juan Carlos
Published: April 2018

Se presentan tres escenas de escuela en Colombia en distintas épocas: primeras décadas del siglo XIX, segunda década del siglo XX, y el presente. Si bien en la primera se ve castigo, en la segunda una incipiente emancipación estudiantil, y en la tercera una escuela violenta, lo cierto es que las tres comportan excesos que imposibilitan percibir su realidad subyacente: no son la negación de una libertad ideal sino evidencias de la construcción del tipo de libertad que el liberalismo requiere para mantener su vigencia como forma general del poder. La discusión final es más teórica: si la escuela ha construido libertad en prácticas como el castigo, también puede construir la paz pese a que en la actualidad sea conflictiva, violenta y homofóbica. Se reconoce que "la escuela hace poco, pero hace", y, si gracias a ese poco la escuela ha construido libertades cada vez más visibles y hasta desbordadas, también generará prácticas y discursos para fundamentar mejores formas de la paz. Esta pregunta perentoria por la paz fuerza al artí­culo a concluir con la invitación a emprender una historia de la educación en clave ejercitante, porque la paz debe ser el ejercicio que produzca la habilidad de ser pací­ficos.
La biografía como método para la historia de la educación y la infancia: Reseña de Mary Kay Vaughan (2015), Portrait of a young painter: Pepe Zúñiga and Mexico City’s rebel generation, Duke University Press, Durham
Authors: Sosenski Susana
Published: April 2018

La historia de la educación en México transitó durante varias décadas por una ruta en la que predominó el estudio de las instituciones, los pedagogos, los discursos oficiales, los programas de estudio, los libros de texto, el papel docente o los procesos de escolarización, pero se mantuvo fuera de foco no sólo de un gigantesco conjunto de valores, conductas, conceptos, prácticas, producciones y discursos, sino también de un enorme grupo de sujetos que participaban de los procesos educativos. De tal forma, en aquella historiografí­a, que podrí­amos llamar "tradicional", los homosexuales, los indí­genas, los niños, las mujeres, los maestros y, en general, los ciudadanos de a pie aparecí­an generalmente como receptores, pero muy desdibujados cuando eran actores. La creencia en el poder hegemónico de los discursos "educativos" oficiales, en sus posibilidades ilimitadas de modificar hábitos y costumbres, de construir una única ví­a de ciudadaní­a y de identidad nacional, olvidó que los sujetos por educar nunca fueron receptores pasivos ni una serie de cuencos para llenar, sino actores sociales, personas con capacidad de interactuar con los discursos, agentes capaces de apropiarse y reconocer, criticar, reinterpretar o resistir a los discursos dirigidos hacia ellos.
Design optimization study of a torus type axial flux machine
Authors: ARSLAN Serdal , KURT Erol , AKİZU Ortzi , LOPEZ-GUEDE Jose Manuel
Published: April 2018

Axial flux machines are used frequently in wind energy applications due to their high power densities and efficiencies. However, the parametrical dependencies of those generators affect the generated power and efficiencies. For instance, turbine blade structures dimensions, change dramatically the speed and torque characteristics. Hence, this study includes a pursuit of optimization and the related design parameters for an axial generator in terms of its off grid operations. The analytical design relations and simulated data have shown that the geometric dimensions and morphology of the machine can be analyzed effectively under the finite element method and the optimization of the machine can be provided with a good accuracy by applying the response surface optimization. Cogging torque and power density formulated aim function gives a good optimization for the design. According to this approach, the general performance of the machine is maximized and the cogging torque and weight are kept to be decreased. Design variables are optimized by considering the generator size. Consequently, an optimal 4.8% increase in weight can yield to a 27.4% power enhancement in the machine.
Quality control of cylinder head casting
Authors: Tillová Eva , Chalupová Mária , Kuchariková Lenka
Published: April 2018

New challenges for the Aluminium alloys used for the production of castings for automotive engine components result from an evolutionary trend of internal combustion engines towards higher specific power output. Cylinder heads, in particular, have to withstand higher operating temperature and stress levels. Present work describes quality control of microstructure (Si-morphologhy and Si-size) and mechanical properties (UTS, elongation, Brinell hardness) of cylinder head casting as effect of different T6 heat treatment (solution heat treatment time - 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hours). The data obtained from this study will be used to improve process control, and to help the selection of heat treatment of the casting for future products.
The influence of the damaged reinforcing bars on the stress-strain state of the rein-forced concrete beams
Authors: Blikharskyy Zenoviy , Shnal Taras , Khmil Roman
Published: April 2018

The article is devoted to the overall view of experimental research of reinforced concrete beams with the simultaneous influence of the corrosion environment and loading. The tests have been carried out upon the reinforced concrete specimens considering the corrosion in the acid environment, namely 10 % H2SO4 that have been taken as a model of the aggressive environment. The beams are with span equalling to 1,9m with different series of tensile armature, concrete compressive strength and different length of impact of corrosion (continuous and local). The influence of simultaneous action of the aggressive environment and loading on strength of reinforced-concrete beams has been described. For a detailed study of the effect of individual components there was suggested additional experimental modelling of the only tensile armature damage without concrete damage. It will investigate the influence of this factor irrespective of the concrete.
INTERNALISISI JIHAD DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARATER
Authors: Triana Rumba
Published: April 2018

Diskursus tentang jihad selalu berbicara tentang kekerasan, bahkan tidak jarang seseorang langsung memberikan stigma negatif terhadap jihad. Secara definisi operasional dari kata jihad para ilmuwan fikih memang telah menempatkan pada pengertian memerangi orang-orang kafir, namun Ibnu Taimiyyah menegaskan bahwa jihad bukan hanya dimaknai dengan perang dan kekerasan namun mencari ilmu juga merupakan bagian dari jihad. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literatur  Jihad sebagai ibadah yang agung perlu dijadikan spirit untuk pembentukan karakter setiap peserta didik di Indonesia. Diantara internalisasi dari jihad dalam karakter adalah tauhid, ikhlas, takwa, kesabaran, kedermawanan, dan karakter-karakter lain.Keyword : Jihad, Pendidikan Jihad
Market Discipline Mechanism: A Quantitative Approach (The Study of Islamic Banking in Indonesia 2011-2014)
Authors: Sapta Pradana Ayub Wijayati , Hariri Hariri , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: April 2018

Transparency of information are the main requirement of market discipline mechanism which is described by an adequate disclosure. Through the quantitative approach, the customer will attract an investment funds (giro, savings, deposits) if the bank takes a high risk action based on information that disclosed on financial statements. In a theoretical view, Islamic banks with the principle of profit-loss sharing (PLS) have a higher risk than conventional banks with a fixed rate of interest, so that customers of Islamic banks should have a higher sensitivity than conventional bank customers. The next question, whether the customers of Islamic banks would react to the disclosure of financial statements through changes in the number of funds invested?This research aimed to examine the effect of the level of disclosure of financial statements to changes in the number of third party funds in Indonesia Islamic Banking on the period 2011-2014. Data were analyzed using a regression model. The study states that the level of disclosure of financial statements significant positive effect on changes in the number of third-party funds were indicates that there is a mechanism of market discipline on Islamic Banks in Indonesia. However, this result must to be strengthened by data of risk disclosure and ability to absorb information from customers, analysis of determinants were affecting customers behavior, then as well as the comparison test with conventional commercial banks.Keywords: market discipline, the level of disclosure, third party funds, Islamic bank
PREDICTING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CORPORATE FRAUD: BENEISH M-SCORE MODEL
Authors: Hariri Hariri , Pradana Ayub Wijayati Sapta , Widjajanti Sri Luki
Published: April 2018

This research aims to detect fraudulent financial statements the financial statements of XYZ, PT in the period 2010-2013. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques used are observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion with Beniesh M-Score Model. The results showed that the financial statements in the period 2010-2013 as a whole that Beniesh M-Score XYZ, PT reached -3.94 in 2010, 0.70 in 2011, -3.32 in 2012 and -2.38 in 2013, the overall Beniesh M-Score reached above -2.22 except in 2011. Beniesh M-Score Model indicates that the management has performed the practice of manipulating numbers on the financial statements conducted continuously in the period of 2010, 2012 and 2013. The authors suggest the regulation (tax office) and public accounting firms, namely that the regulators do a review/inspection directly on the company's assets that has been recorded in the financial statements and the external auditor who has been appointed to conduct an examination of the financial statements to be more independent and do detection of financial statements using ratio analysis.Keywords: Detection, Fraudulent Financial Statements, Beneish M-Score Model, Practice of Manipulation Number
THE EFFECTS OF POLITICAL EVENTS AGAINST ABNORMAL RETURN AND TOTAL VOLUME SHARIA SHARES ACTIVITY THAT LISTED IN JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII)
Authors: Zulfikar Rizka , Mayvita Prihatini Ade
Published: April 2018

This research is an event study that aims to discover whether there is any empirical evidence of the stock changed to one of the political events in Indonesia. This research used a political event namely Jakarta Governor Election 2017 Round II, by using indicator value of abnormal return and Trading Volume Activity Sharia stocks in Jakarta Islamic Index Stock Market. This event political event was held on April 19, 2017. Population and sample in this research are 30 sharia stocks in JII. The data used in this research are secondary data consists of consists of daily stock prices, daily share trading volume, and daily stock prices index during the five days before, one day at the time of, and five days after the event. Statistical tool used to test the hypothesis is t test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. T test calculation results indicate that there are significant positive value of abnormal return at a few days around the event date, which means the market responds to this event as a good news. While the results of Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test prove that there are significant differences between the average abnormal return in the period before the time the event and in the period after the time event, but not significant in the period before- after the event. The results of Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test also shows that there are significant differences between the average trading volume activity in the period at the time of-after the event, but not significant in the period before-at the time event and before-after the event.Keywords: Sharia Stock Exchange, Event Studies, Sharia Shares, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity
INFLUENCE OF THIRD-PARTY FUNDS, CAR, NPF AND FDR TOWARDS THE RETURN ON ASSETS OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ayu Kinanti Risma , Purwohandoko Purwohandoko
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of third party funds, capital adequacy ratio (CAR), non performing financing (NPF) ,financing to deposit ratio (FDR) Of return on assets (ROA) during period of 2008-2013 syariah banks in indonesia. About 3 syariah banks in indonesia was taken as sample for this research. The data used for this research were obtained from the data of Quarterly Published Financial Report Period 2008 up to 2013. The analysis technique used is Linear Regression that aims for estimating the relationships among variables. The results of F test showing that Third Party Funds, CAR, NPF and FDR simultaneously influential to ROA. While The result of t-test showing Third Party and NPF has significant positif effect to ROA, CAR and FDR has a negative effect on ROA syariah banks in Indonesia.Keywords: ROA, Third Party Funds, CAR , NPF, FDR
Maize (Zea mays L.) Response to Secondary and Micronutrients for Profitable N, P and K Fertilizer Use in Poorly Responsive Soils
Authors: Njoroge Ruth , Otinga Abigael N. , Okalebo John R. , Pepela Mary , Merckx Roel
Published: April 2018

Deficiencies of secondary and micronutrients (SMNs) are major causes of low maize yields in poorly responsive soils. This phenomenon minimizes the agronomic efficiency of N, P and K fertilizers and consequently result in a dwindling economic benefit associated with their use. Therefore, 18 on-farm trials were conducted in western Kenya during two cropping seasons to assess maize response to three NPK amendments; (i) N, P, K, Ca, Zn and Cu (inorganic and organic); (ii) N, P, K, Ca, Zn and Cu (inorganic) and (iii) N, P K, Zn and Cu (inorganic) and evaluate the profitability of their use compared to additions of only N, P and K fertilizers. In this set of experiments, maize response to any amendment refers to a yield increase of ≥2 t ha−1 above control and could be categorized in three clusters. Cluster 1, comprising of nine sites, maize responded to all amendments. Cluster 2, holding six sites, maize responded only to one amendment, N, P, K, Ca, Zn and Cu (inorganic). In this cluster, (2), emerging S, Mg and Cu deficiencies may still limit maize production. Cluster 3; consisting of three sites, maize responded poorly to all amendments due to relatively high soil fertility (≥17 mg P kg−1). Profitability of using NPK amendments is limited to Cluster 1 and 2 and the largest Value Cost Ratio (VCR) of 3.1 is attainable only when soil available P is below 4.72 mg kg−1. These variable responses indicate the need for developing site-specific fertilizer recommendations for improved maize production and profitability of fertilizer use in poorly responsive soils.
Macronutrient and Major Food Group Intake in a Cohort of Southern Italian Adults
Authors: Mulè Serena , Falla Mariagiovanna , Conti Alessandra , Castiglione Dora , Blanco Isabella , Platania Armando , D’Urso Maurizio , Marranzano Marina
Published: April 2018

Background: Dietary intake of macronutrient and foods is considered crucial to decrease the risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Methods: The aim of this study was to describe the intake of major food groups and macronutrients in a random sample of 1838 southern Italian adults. Results: No significant differences of macronutrient consumption between sexes were found. By contrast, younger individuals had significantly higher intake of animal protein than older ones. Men reported consuming significantly more total processed meats and less eggs than women; egg consumption significantly increased by age groups. Significantly lower intake of fruit in the younger age group compared to older ones was found. Various patterns of correlation between food groups were described. More than half of individuals reached the suggested recommendations for carbohydrate and fiber intake, and about two-thirds met the recommendations for total protein and cholesterol intake, while only a minority met for total fat intake. Total and plant protein, monounsaturated and omega-6 fatty acids, were significantly inversely related with BMI (body mass index), while trans fatty acids and cholesterol were directly correlated. A direct association with unprocessed meats and an inverse association with processed meats was also found. Conclusions: The overall findings suggest that relatively healthy dietary habits are common in southern Italy.
Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery Based on the Multiscale Local Projection Method and Diagonal Slice Spectrum
Authors: Lv Yong , Yuan Rui , Shi Wei
Published: April 2018

The vibration signals of bearings and gears measured from rotating machinery usually have nonlinear, nonstationary characteristics. The local projection algorithm cannot only reduce the noise of the nonlinear system, but can also preserve the nonlinear deterministic structure of the signal. The influence of centroid selection on the performance of noise reduction methods is analyzed, and the multiscale local projection method of centroid was proposed in this paper. This method considers both the geometrical shape and statistical error of the signal in high dimensional phase space, which can effectively eliminate the noise and preserve the complete geometric structure of the attractors. The diagonal slice spectrum can identify the frequency components of quadratic phase coupling and enlarge the coupled frequency component in the nonlinear signal. Therefore, the proposed method based on the above two algorithms can achieve more accurate results of fault diagnosis of gears and rolling bearings. The simulated signal is used to verify its effectiveness in a numerical simulation. Then, the proposed method is conducted for fault diagnosis of gears and rolling bearings in application researches. The fault characteristics of faulty bearings and gears can be extracted successfully in the researches. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the novel proposed method.
The Impacts of Vegetation and Meteorological Factors on Aerodynamic Roughness Length at Different Time Scales
Authors: Yu Mingzhao , Wu Bingfang , Zeng Hongwei , Xing Qiang , Zhu Weiwei
Published: April 2018

The aerodynamic roughness length (z0m) is a crucial parameter for reliably simulating turbulent exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere. Due to the large number of input variables related to vegetation growth and aerodynamic conditions near the surface, estimating z0m precisely is difficult and, to date, no universal model has been established. Understanding the z0m changes in time series data and the relative contributions of vegetation indices and meteorological factors is important to providing a basis for modelling z0m. In this paper, the main meteorological factors that influence z0m in different seasons are presented based on data from three automatic weather stations (AWSs) that represent various land surface patterns in the Heihe river basin. A correlation analysis identified the dominant factors that influence z0m changes at half-hour and daily scales; then, a factor analysis was performed to identify the different contributions of vegetation indices and meteorological factors to z0m at different time scales. The results show that meteorological factors (wind speed, wind direction and atmospheric stability) are the main driving factors for z0m at the Arou and Guantan sites, which are situated in grassland and forest mountain areas, respectively, and that the vegetation indices have no impact on the z0m variations in these areas. In contrast, for the Daman site, situated in flat farmland, the vegetation indices are the primary driving factors, while meteorological factors such as wind speed and atmospheric stability are secondary factors, and wind direction has no significant influence. Finally, a detailed analysis was conducted to detect the relationships between half-hourly z0m measurements and three dominant meteorological factors.
A Review of Airborne Particulate Matter Effects on Young Children’s Respiratory Symptoms and Diseases
Authors: Liu Hai-Ying , Dunea Daniel , Iordache Stefania , Pohoata Alin
Published: April 2018

Exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) carries substantial health risks, particularly for younger children (0–10 years). Epidemiological evidence indicates that children are more susceptible to PM health effects than adults. We conducted a literature review to obtain an overview of existing knowledge regarding the correlation of exposure to short- and long-term PM concentrations with respiratory symptoms and disease in children. A collection of scientific papers and topical reviews were selected in cooperation with two experienced paediatricians. The literature review was performed using the keywords “air pollution”, “particulate matter”, “children’s health” and “respiratory” from 1950 to 2016, searching the databases of Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed. The search provided 45,191 studies for consideration. Following the application of eligibility criteria and experts’ best judgment to titles and abstracts, 28 independent studies were deemed relevant for further detailed review and knowledge extraction. The results showed that most studies focused mainly on the effect of short-term exposure in children, and the reported associations were relatively homogeneous amongst the studies. Most of the respiratory diseases observed in outdoor studies were related to changes in lung function and exacerbation of asthma symptoms. Allergic reactions were frequently reported in indoor studies. Asthma exacerbation, severe respiratory symptoms and moderate airway obstruction on spirometry were also observed in children due to various sources of indoor pollution in households and schools. Mixed indoor and outdoor studies indicate frequent occurrence of wheezing and deterioration of lung function. There is good evidence of the adverse effect of short-term exposure to PM on children’s respiratory health. In terms of long-term exposure, fine particles (PM0.1–PM2.5) represent a higher risk factor than coarse particles (PM2.5–PM10). Additional research is required to better understand the heterogeneous sources and the association of PM and adverse children’s health outcomes. We recommend long-term cooperation between air quality specialists, paediatricians, epidemiologists, and parents in order to improve the knowledge of PM effects on young children’s respiratory health.
Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Activated Carbon Wool Felt
Authors: Pina Ana Claudia , Amaya Alejandro , Marcuzzo Jossano Saldanha , Rodrigues Aline C. , Baldan Mauricio R. , Tancredi Nestor , Cuña Andrés
Published: April 2018

An electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) is based on the physical adsorption/desorption of electrolyte ions onto the surface of electrodes. Due to its high surface area and other properties, such as electrochemical stability and high electrical conductivity, carbon materials are the most widely used materials for EDLC electrodes. In this work, we study an activated carbon felt obtained from sheep wool felt (ACF’f) as a supercapacitor electrode. The ACF’f was characterized by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), textural analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical behaviour of the ACF’f was tested in a two-electrode Swagelok®-type, using acidic and basic aqueous electrolytes. At low current densities, the maximum specific capacitance determined from the charge-discharge curves were 163 F·g−1 and 152 F·g−1, in acidic and basic electrolytes, respectively. The capacitance retention at higher current densities was better in acidic electrolyte while, for both electrolytes, the voltammogram of the sample presents a typical capacitive behaviour, being in accordance with the electrochemical results.
Roles of Polyploid/Multinucleated Giant Cancer Cells in Metastasis and Disease Relapse Following Anticancer Treatment
Authors: Mirzayans Razmik , Andrais Bonnie , Murray David
Published: April 2018

Tumors and tumor-derived cell lines contain polyploid giant cells with significantly elevated genomic content, often with multiple nuclei. The frequency of giant cells can increase markedly following anticancer treatment. Although giant cells enter a dormant phase and therefore do not form macroscopic colonies (aggregates of ≥50 cells) in the conventional in vitro colony formation assay, they remain viable and metabolically active. The purpose of this commentary is to underscore the potential importance of polyploid/multinucleated giant cells in metastasis and cancer recurrence following exposure to anticancer agents. We also discuss the possibility that most preclinical (cell-based and animal model) drug discovery approaches might not account for delayed responses that are associated with dormant giant cells.