bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La salud mental de los docentes: factores de protección
Authors: Menghi María Soledad
Published: November 2020

En la actualidad, la salud psicofísica de los educadores es un tema que ha cobrado mayor importancia, especialmente el fenómeno del estrés laboral crónico, ya que afecta directamente la efectividad de su trabajo. De ahí la importancia de detectar qué factores pueden prevenir este agotamiento crónico en el campo educativo. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo responder a esta pregunta desde una perspectiva empírica. Para ello, se utilizó una muestra de 300 docentes de educación inicial y primaria de instituciones tanto públicas como privadas de la Argentina. Se implementó el Inventario de Burnout (MBI) de Maslach y Jackson para determinar el nivel de estrés crónico. Para evaluar dos recursos psicosociales de gran relevancia en el contexto del trabajo, se utilizó la Escala de Autoeficacia Docente de Albert Bandura y la Escala de Satisfacción Laboral para educadores. En suma, las percepciones de la autoeficacia del docente y la satisfacción laboral se consideran recursos psicológicos que actuarían como moduladores del estrés crónico en el lugar de trabajo, identificándose en estos docents valores moderados y elevados en los recursos, y niveles bajos en los síntomas de burnout.
Treatment for anxiety using spiritual emotional freedom technique
Authors: Fadli Rima Pratiwi , Putri Yola Eka , Amalianita Berru , Zola Nilma , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: November 2020

This study aims to describe SEFT and treatment in the treatment of anxiety. This study used rapport cases on three clients. The research instrument used is rapport Client Case, observation and depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. The data obtained were analyzed by T-Test Statistic Nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The findings from the study showed that before treatment, the level of anxiety at very heavy levels and after the treatment became mild and normal. Based on T-test results found that there is a significant difference in anxiety level of clients before and after treatment. This means SEFT is effective for reducing client anxiety.
Alt ve Üst Ekstremite Damar Yaralanmaları: On İki Yıllık Deneyimimiz
Authors: YOLGÖSTEREN Atif , YALÇIN Mustafa , KAN İris , TOK Mustafa , ŞENKAYA Işık , BİÇER Murat
Published: November 2020

Ekstremite damar yaralanması nedeniyle merkezimize başvuran hastaları değerlendirme protokollerimizi, tedavi yöntemlerimizi ve sonuçlarımızı literatür eşliğinde retrospektif olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Ocak 2007-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Kliniğinde periferik damar yaralanması nedeniyle ameliyat edilen hastaların yaş ve cinsiyet bilgileri, yaralanma ile ameliyata alınma arasında geçen süre, preoperatif değerlendirme bilgileri, yaralanan damar segmentleri, yaralanma mekanizmaları, damar onarım teknikleri, postoperatif erken dönem ve 30. günde ki kontrol bilgileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Çalışmaya 102 hasta dahil edildi (%9.8’i kadın, %90.2’si erkek; yaş ortalaması 28.9). Hastaların 28’si ateşli silah yaralanması (%27.4), 37’si delici-kesici alet yaralanması (%36.3), 37’si künt yaralanmaydı (%36.3). Hastaların iskemi süreleri 1-8 saati. Seksen dört hastaya otojen greft ile (vena safena magna) baypas (%82.4), 7 hastaya PTFE sentetik ringli damar grefti ile baypas (%6.8), 10 hastaya uç-uca anastomoz, 1 hastaya da safen ven greftiyle patch-plast yapıldı (%1). Yirmi iki hastaya fasyatomi açıldı (%21.5). Beş hastaya amputasyon uygulandı (%4.9). İki hasta ex oldu (%1.9). Ekstremite damar yaralanmalı hastaları değerlendirme ve tedavi protokollerimiz ile cerrahi sonuçlarımız literatürdekilerle benzerlik göstermektedir Periferik damar yaralanmalarında mortalite ve morbidite oranlarını azaltmak için multidisipliner yaklaşımın, hızlı tanı ve tedavinin en önemli faktörler olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Ayrıca preoperatif görüntüleme gereken hastalarda ilk tercihin BT anjiografi olması gerektiğini, damar onarımında mümkün olan tüm hastalarda otojen greft kullanılmasının en doğru yaklaşım olduğunu ve uzun süreli iskemilerde ampütasyon oranlarını düşürmek için fasyatomi yapılması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.
Alışveriş Bağımlılığı
Authors: Arıduru Ayazoğlu Beyza , Aksu Melisa , Ünübol Hüseyin , Hızlı Sayar Gökben
Published: November 2020

Bir davranış bağımlılığı olan alışveriş bağımlılığının kişilerin kontrol etmekte güçlük çektiği ve içten gelen dürtülere bağlı olan depresyon, anksiyete gibi psikolojik semptomlarla ilişkilendirilen ciddi bir bağımlılık türü olduğu görülmektedir. Alışveriş bağımlılığında sadece kişisel nedenlerin değil; ailenin, internetin, kredi kartı kullanımının, sosyal çevrenin, artan reklamlar ve gelişen pazarlama imkanlarının da etkilerinin olduğu görülmektedir. Alışveriş bağımlılığı belli kuramlar çerçevesinde farklı tanımlamalara sahiptir. Bu yazının temel amacı alışveriş bağımlılığını genel hatlarıyla açıklamak ve satın almaya yol açan kişilik özelliklerini ve psikolojik faktörleri özetleyerek, alışveriş bağımlılığına ilişkin kuramlarını tanıtmaktır.
O processo de escolarização das travestis e das mulheres trans no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Filho Teodoro Antunes
Published: November 2020

O presente ensaio teórico tenta trazer à luz a problemática do processo de escolarização das travestis e das mulheres trans no Brasil. Tem por objetivos abordar seu grau de escolarização, compreender suas trajetórias na passagem pela educação formal, identificar os motivos que as levam a permanecer ou evadir das instituições, identificar se sofrem violência física ou simbólica, verificar se consideram garantido o que diz o artigo 205 da CF, e verificar se a educação formal contribui para o enfrentamento da precarização da vida. A metodologia utilizada para a elaboração deste ensaio teórico foi um levantamento bibliográfico.
Decolonising the HIV Care Cascade: Policy and Funding Recommendations from Indigenous Peoples Living with HIV and AIDS
Authors: Hillier Sean Arthur , Winkler Eliot , Lavallée Lynn
Published: November 2020

Indigenous Peoples in settler colonial nations, like Canada, continue to experience the intergenerational trauma, racism, socioeconomic disadvantages, and pervasive health disparities resulting from centuries of systemic oppression. Among these is the disproportionate burden of HIV in Canada’s Indigenous population, coupled with a lack of access to care and services. One method of assessing systems-level gaps is by using the HIV care cascade, whereby individuals are diagnosed, antiretroviral treatment is initiated, and viral suppression is achieved and maintained. The cascade, as it stands today, does not yield positive outcomes for Indigenous Peoples living with HIV. In order to close existing gaps, the authors sought to decolonise the HIV care cascade by rooting it in funding and policy recommendations provided directly by Indigenous Peoples living with HIV. This research presents 29 recommendations that arose when First Nations participants living with HIV partook in traditional storytelling interviews to share their life’s journey and offer suggestions for improving access to care and services. Said recommendations are to localize testing and diagnosis (while upholding confidentiality), improve access to culturally-appropriate care and services, provide targeted programming for Indigenous women and heterosexual men, and increase funding for provincial disability benefits; important steps in decolonising the HIV care cascade.
“We all know each other”: A Strengths-based Approach to Understanding Social Capital in Pictou Landing First Nation
Authors: Yeung Sharon , Castleden Heather , Pictou Landing First Nation
Published: November 2020

With over three decades of attention drawn to the health of Indigenous peoples in Canada and around the world, an outpouring of health research has been undertaken, much of which has emphasized the experience of disparity at the expense of recognizing strengths. In this case study, we challenge the damage-centred rhetoric of mainstream health research by reporting the findings of 20 qualitative interviews on community strength and health with members of Pictou Landing First Nation, a Mi’kmaw nation located in Nova Scotia, Canada. We then relate and compare these findings with the emerging conceptualization of Indigenous social capital, which is a concept that has been associated with positive health outcomes in a variety of contexts. Our findings indicate that Pictou Landing First Nation is strengthened by qualities of familiarity, reciprocity, safety, and solidarity, which are rooted in the value of family and embedded within a broader Mi’kmaw worldview. The nature of these strengths aligns in part with the concept of Indigenous social capital, which we suggest may be better harnessed to be a means for conducting strengths-based health research. To this end, our findings support the need for reworking social capital conceptualizations to more strongly centralize cultural identities and worldviews in order to authentically and comprehensively affirm Indigenous and decolonizing health research practices.
O CADASTRO AMBIENTAL RURAL (CAR): AGROESTRATÉGIAS E MERCANTILIZAÇÃO DA NATUREZA PELA VIA DO NOVO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL
Authors: Albuquerque Ralph De Medeiros , Montenegro Gómez Jorge Ramón
Published: November 2020

O Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR) foi instituído em âmbito nacional pela Lei nº 12.651, de 25 de maio de 2012, conhecida como Novo Código Florestal. O objetivo deste trabalho é debater e problematizar os efeitos do CAR como uma política de mapeamento ambiental com reflexos na questão agrária e fundiária do país. Este trabalho tem como orientação metodológica análise documental (leis, decretos e normas infralegais relacionadas ao Novo Código e especificamente ao CAR), análise de dados relacionados aos imóveis cadastrados no Sistema de Cadastro Ambiental Rural (SICAR) e revisão bibliográfica. O Novo Código Florestal criou outra lógica de quantificar e negociar os passivos ambientais, uma lógica amigável aos interesses do agronegócio. O CAR propicia ainda, a mercantilização e financeirização direta da natureza pela criação de instrumentos de mercado como soluções aos problemas ambientais. Essas mudanças impõem uma nova lógica vinculada aos interesses do agronegócio em ampliar a produção e avançar nas fronteiras agrícolas.
OS SUJEITOS DO TRABALHO E A EXPROPRIAÇÃO DE DIREITOS CONSTITUCIONAIS NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Cruz Renatha Cândida da , Mendonça Marcelo Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

O Brasil do século XXI apresentou, até agora, diferentes nuances da nova morfologia do trabalho. Os sujeitos do trabalho, os quais conviveram com o aumento do emprego formal na primeira década do século, adentram os dez anos subsequentes distanciando-se dos direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários. Este artigo propõe a compreensão das formas de acumulação atuais na perspectiva da expropriação dos direitos constitucionais direcionados aos sujeitos do trabalho, tendo como base os residentes na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia em 2017. Problematizamos, então, a efetivação do capital no Brasil atual e as manifestações dos direitos fundamentais assegurados na Constituição Federal, a exemplo do trabalho e da previdência social, na perspectiva da análise geográfica, provocando o debate acerca dos grupos hegemônicos, dos discursos que têm por objetivo a manipulação da classe trabalhadora e das estratégias para a manutenção e controle do poder no país.
Targets and the problem of their implementation in the field of energy saving: reducing the energy intensity of GDP
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of RAS, Prokopyev Mikhail G.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the problem of increasing the energy efficiency of the economy, in particular, reducing the energy intensity of GDP. The basic factors determining the dynamics of energy intensity of GDP are analyzed. Possible scenarios of changes in the energy intensity of GDP depending on the level of GDP and domestic primary energy consumption are presented. The problem of achieving the set goals is considered. It is shown that the unattainability of the target (desired) level of energy intensity of GDP in the declared (designated) terms with the specific impact of instruments of a particular economic policy is the result of many factors. It is concluded that the set goals in energy saving were not achieved in the planned time frame, and the possibility of their implementation in the current trends of economic development (even taking into account their revision in the medium term) is not obvious. To reduce the energy intensity of GDP, it is necessary in practice to implement a decoupling strategy: to ensure economic growth without an increase in the use of resources due to their more rational use and application of the best available technologies.
Assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social and economic inequality of the Russian population
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of the RAS, Chernyshov Mikhail M. , Usmanov Daler I. ,   Market Economy Institute of the RAS
Published: November 2020

The article describes the results of an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pan-demic on the socio-economic inequality of the Russian population. Presented diagnosis of the main indicators of regional disparities in the baseline characteristics (per capita income of the population (in the cities, custom regions), the distribution of Russians in terms of salary, the total number of unemployed, poverty level, etc.) and based on the practical application of the author's methods for the classification of the «Seven grades – the criterion indicators of inequality» in the context of the proposed property groups, a systematization of the impact of the policy of public authorities in a pandemic is made. The key aspects of state response measures are structured taking into account the balance of interests of each of the property groups in an uncertain environment.
«Agriculture 4.0» – a project of the future or a platform for responding to major challenges and threats to national security
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of RAS, Romanova Yulia A. , Levina Elena V. ,   Market Economy Institute of RAS
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to study «Agriculture 4.0» as a project of the future or a platform for responding to major challenges and threats to national security. The methodology of this study was based on the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization and systematization, as well as the structural-logical approach, analysis of open empirical statistical data and the graphical method. Results. The article examines the theoretical and practical foundations of the directions of digital development of agriculture. The necessity of transformation of modern techniques and technologies for managing the development of agriculture on the principles of sustainable development into a qualitatively new type – «Agriculture 4.0», digital economy or smart agriculture is substantiated. This paper focuses on four main technologies: the Internet of Things, blockchain, big data and artificial intelligence. Conclusions. The Agriculture 4.0 project is comprised of a variety of existing or emerging technologies such as robotics, nanotechnology, synthetic protein, cell agriculture, gene editing technology, artificial intelligence, blockchain and machine learning, which could have overarching impact on future agricultural and food systems. It can ensure the creation of economic, environmental and social benefits and be a response to challenges and threats to national security.
CRISIS DE LA AGLOMERACIÓN ECONÓMICA. LAS ZONAS METROPOLITANAS DE MÉXICO
Authors: Hoyos Castillo Guadalupe , Cadena Vargas Edel
Published: November 2020

Este artículo examina la situación de la aglomeración económica teniendo comounidades de estudio a las zonas metropolitanas para el período de 1988 a 2003.Desde la perspectiva de la nueva geografía económica se analiza el proceso ycapacidad de las mismas, lo cual abarca la concentración, productividad yorganización espacial. El resultado fundamental es la crisis de la aglomeracióneconómica: por un lado, las zonas metropolitanas por arriba del millón de habitantes registran ineficiencias para la producción, es decir importantes deseconomías y para la creciente metropolización de la población. Por otro lado, la reestructuración productiva derivó en crisis estructural y reorganización geográfica en tamaños intermedios todavía con fuerzas productivas muy débiles.
Seeding Performance Simulations and Experiments for a Spoon-Wheel Type Precision Cottonseed-Metering Device Based on EDEM
Authors: LI Yudao , XING Shulun , LI Shasha , LI Liu , ZHANG Xiaohui , SONG Zhanhua , LI Fade
Published: November 2020

To study the effects of seed metering on seeding performance under different motion parameters, a simulation model for a spoon-wheel type seeder was established. A seed meter was tested by using EDEM (Engineering Discrete Element Method) software to simulate its working process at different speeds and tilt angles. The trajectories of individual cottonseeds in the seed-metering device were obtained, concurrently, the stress trend in the grain group was determined as a function of time. The simulation results suggest that at larger speeds, the metering index of the seed meter gradually decreases, while the index and the missing index gradually increase. As the tilt angle increased, the multiples index and missing index gradually decreased, while the multiples index gradually increased. When the seed meter speed reached 50 r/min and the tilt angle was 15°, the seed meter had a relatively good working performance with a seed spacing acceptance index of 92.59%, a multiples index of 1.85%, and a missing rate index of 5.56%. The seed meter was tested on a bench by using a JPS-12 performance-tester bench. At the aforementioned speed and angle, the coefficient of variation for the cottonseed spacing was 2.1%. The field trial results indicated that the multiples and the missing rates were higher than those for the tester bench but still met a passing rate of more than 90%. The coefficient of variation for the seed spacing was less than 10%, suggesting that the design could be used for field sowing. The resulting seeding uniformity was higher under these conditions, which indicates that the seed meter has a better working performance and the bench has a good seeding effect.
Uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação como meio educacional na saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Thomas Larissa Scheeren , Fontana Rosane Teresinha
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Analisar na literatura científica, as propostas sobre o uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, por profissionais da saúde para a educação em saúde. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada no primeiro semestre de 2019. O estudo é dividido em seis etapas sendo elas: Identificação do tema; Definição de critérios de inclusão e exclusão; Extração de informações; Análise dos estudos; Discussão dos resultados e apresentação da revisão. Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre os anos de 2008 a 2018. Resultados: de um total de 826 artigos, foram analisados 15 artigos que se enquadravam no escopo da questão de pesquisa. As tecnologias mais utilizadas foram o desenvolvimento de um ambiente virtual para a Educação a Distância, construção e aplicação de cursos on-line para educação em saúde. Conclusão: Há necessidade de utilização de novos métodos capazes de aproximar os usuários das(os) enfermeiras(os), que devem ser capacitadas(os) e atualizadas(os), para acompanhar o desenvolvimento tecnológico e socializar informações científicas e atualizadas.
O constructo comportamento organizacional meritocrático como estratégia de gestão de pessoas
Authors: Nacife Jean Marc , Teixeira Marconi Batista , Najberg Estela
Published: November 2020

A gestão de pessoas tem evoluído seus conceitos, métodos e técnicas ao longo do tempo proporcionando novas abordagens organizacionais a respeito do capital humano. O artigo objetivou aplicar a técnica estatística multivariada inferencial ao construtor proposto para esclarecer se o modelo de mensuração sugerido é consistente, bem ajustado e possui pertinência entre suas variáveis. A Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) foi usada para identificar se o modelo proposto é consistente e a análise multivariada proporcionou estabelecer a validade das correlações entre as variáveis. A administração da pesquisa envolveu dezenove campi do Instituto Federal de Educação do Mato Grosso dispersos geograficamente. A coleta de dados obteve a devolução de 60%, compondo nesta medida uma amostra com característica não probabilística, o que ainda favoreceu a operacionalização da estatística multivariada inferencial. Este estudo testa com êxito a relação empírica entre o comportamento organizacional e os princípios da meritocracia nos campi. A AFC corroborou com as evidências estatísticas da adequabilidade da modelagem estrutural do construtor. Confirmou-se que o modelo é bem ajustado (Goodness-of-fit Index = 0,97, Normed Fit Index = 0,99, Incremental Fit Index = 1,00 e Comparative Fit Index = 1,00). O instrumento apresentou uma alta confiabilidade interna, a análise multivariada verificou que os coeficientes de efeito total entre a meritocracia e as variáveis do comportamento organizacional (CO) são consistentes, e ainda mensurou-se que as variáveis de CO propostas no modelo são altamente correlacionadas.
“O pessoal deveria escutar mais a gente”: relações entre ocupações e saúde na adolescência
Authors: Valério Danielle Oliveira Silva , Oliveira Silvia Roberta Peixoto Silva de , Facundes Vera Lúcia Dutra , Oliveira Marcela Paula C. De Andrade , Silva Vinicius Barbosa de Freitas , Gontijo Daniela Tavares
Published: November 2020

O estudo objetivou descrever as relações entre as ocupações cotidianas e a percepção de saúde na perspectiva de adolescentes. Estudo qualitativo, cujos dados foram coletados através de grupos focais com 39 adolescentes do ensino fundamental (13 a 16 anos) de uma escola pública e analisados a partir da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática.  Os dados foram alocados em três categorias: Ocupações na adolescência; Saúde e adolescência e Impactos positivos e negativos das atividades cotidianas na percepção de saúde de adolescentes. Identificou-se uma perspectiva ampliada de saúde, sendo as ocupações entendidas como o que se faz (sozinho ou com outras pessoas) no cotidiano. O uso de smartphone destacou-se não só por ser uma das principais ocupações, mas também pelo seu impacto negativo na percepção de saúde. As dificuldades de diálogo com os pais e a presença de situações de sofrimento mental foram explicitadas. Os adolescentes apontaram a importância de mudanças socioeconômicas, de medidas de controle do uso do celular e principalmente de fortalecimento dos vínculos com os pais como estratégias de promoção da saúde. Os dados analisados apontam para a necessidade e potencialidade de estratégias de promoção de saúde que se pautem na criação de espaços dialógicos, com adolescentes e pais, nos quais se realize a reflexão crítica sobre as ocupações do cotidiano e seus impactos na saúde.
Avaliação da relação da Filosofia Lean e a Cultura Organizacional: uma revisão bibliométrica
Authors: Montini Paola , Pinho Cíntia Maria de Araújo , Oliveira Renata Maria Nogueira de , Costa Ivanir , Napolitano Domingos Márcio Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

A Filosofia Lean é uma estratégia de negócios utilizada para aumentar a satisfação dos clientes, através da melhor utilização dos recursos da empresa. O êxito na sua aplicação tem uma forte dependência cultural devido o envolvimento das pessoas e na melhoria contínua dos processos internos da organização. Neste contexto, este artigo teve por objetivo analisar a relação entre a Filosofia Lean e a Cultura Organizacional, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura amparada por um estudo bibliométrico para avaliar a aplicação da Filosofia Lean na Cultura Organizacional. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases digitais Web Of Science e Scopus dentro de um período de 10 anos, e analisados os comportamentos bibliométricos existentes entre os dois temas. Foi utilizada uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa com uso de estatística para medir índices de produção acadêmica, bem como analisado o desenvolvimento da Cultura Organizacional e a Filosofia Lean, enquanto áreas de pesquisa científica, relacionadas por meio da evolução das publicações. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam uma relação entre as duas áreas conforme verificado nos resultados dessa pesquisa a Cultura Organizacional é um tema mais antigo e que norteia a forma como as organizações se comportam, entretanto, após o surgimento da Filosofia Lean, pode ser percebido que os autores desses dois assuntos se citam e se relacionam demostrando que a Filosofia Lean pode ser associada à Cultura Organizacional de forma que passe a moldá-la para benefício do cliente.
Enterococcus faecium in artisanal ripening cheese: technological and safety aspects
Authors: Paula Priscila Lima Magarotto de , Moraes Marina Levorato de , Schueler Janaína , Souza Nathália Aparecida Andrade de , Furlaneto Márcia Cristina , Furlaneto-Maia Luciana , Katsuda Marly Sayuri
Published: November 2020

The aims of this work were to identify and characterize for some important technological properties of the E. faecium throughout the ripening process of cheese. The study involved evaluating the technological potential of six isolates of E. faecium (EFM55, EFM67, EFM9A, EFM16A, EFM19A and EFM44) from artisanal cheeses as their probiotic characteristics and technological perspective. Concerning the antimicrobial sensibility, 71% of the E. faecium tested were sensitive to all antimicrobials. No other medicine inhibited the active of E. faecium, with the exception of dipyrone for the EFM19A and EFM9A strains. The isolates showed good antagonistic activity against gram-negative, as EFM9A, EFM55 and EFM67 strais with better activity. The highest fermentation was observed in 42 ºC, showed the pH variation of 4.15 to 5.15, after 48 hours of fermentation. All isolates showed pH reduction at 20 ºC. However, all isolates produced higher titratable acidity at a temperature of 42ºC. The isolates EFM55 and EFM9A has had probiotic actived, biochemical and susceptibility parameters desirables, aim it’s technological potential in the production of dairy products.
Dominância de Cianobactérias na composição do Fitoplâncton em Reservatório de abastecimento no Semiárido Cearense
Authors: Vieira Rosimara de Sales , Oliveira Elaine Cristina Conceição de , Ricarte Elizângela Maria Ferreira , Rodrigues Joice Layanne Guimarães , Vieira Diane Sales , Alencar Samara Alves de , Teixeira Raimundo Nonato Pereira , Lacerda Sírleis Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

Entre os organismos aquáticos as microalgas merecem destaque, porque respondem prontamente às alterações dos corpos de água. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica no reservatório Canoas, Ceará, Brasil, analisando sua relação com os fatores ambientais, em diferentes períodos (seco e chuvoso). As amostras foram coletadas mensalmente em três pontos amostrais. As amostras para análise físico-químicas foram obtidas com auxílio de uma garrafa coletora do tipo Van Dorn de 3,5 litros. Para a quantificação do fitoplâncton, as amostras foram coletadas da subsuperfície, fixadas com lugol, analisadas e contadas segundo o método de Utermöhl, utilizando-se microscópio invertido ZeissAxiovert. Foram determinadas as densidades, espécies dominantes e abundantes, índice de diversidade e equitabilidade. Para testar a significância entre as densidades do fitoplâncton e as variáveis ambientais utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e a correlação de Pearson. As Cyanophyceae apresentaram as maiores densidades, em especial as espécies de Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e Pseudanabaena catenata, nos dois períodos. Entre os táxons, apenas duas espécies foram consideradas dominantes e cinco abundantes. A comunidade fitoplanctônica revelou uma diversidade específica considerada baixa e a equitabilidade apresentou uma distribuição não uniforme (66,6%), confirmando o domínio de poucas espécies. Algumas variáveis físico-químicas influenciaram a estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica, foi observada correlação significativa (p< 0,05). As maiores densidades observadas de Cyanobacteria alertam possíveis riscos à saúde pública, visto que esse reservatório é utilizado para o abastecimento público, sendo relevante o monitoramento para prevenir e minimizar possíveis transtornos que possam ocorrer pela presença da grande concentração desses organismos na água.
Aspectos clínicos e principais formas de tratamento para Fibromialgia - Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Costa Samara Maria Lopes , Silva Mani Pacciulli Meyer Passos e , Pinto Liliane Pereira , Sousa Darah Luanna Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

A fibromialgia é considerada uma patologia incurável e uma síndrome idiopática por não ter sua fisiopatologia definida. O portador apresenta sintomas como dor crônica e generalizada, cansaço e dificuldade no sono. É considerada frequente e seu diagnóstico é realizado através da exclusão de outras patologias. Embora ainda não existe um tratamento efetivo, a terapia farmacológica auxilia os portadores a diminuírem os sintomas. O objetivo dessa revisão foi analisar a fisiopatologia envolvida no desenvolvimento da fibromialgia, bem como as terapias farmacológicas, plantas e compostos medicinais atualmente existentes e estudados para o tratamento desta patologia, considerando um período entre 2009 e 2020. Para tanto, os bancos de dados Scielo, Pubmed e Google Acadêmico foram consultados. Desse modo, pode-se constatar que as terapias farmacológicas existentes abrangem principalmente quatro classes de medicamentos que são as drogas antiepiléticas, antidepressivos tricíclicos, inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina (ISRS) e inibidores da recaptação de serotonina noradrenalina, além de relaxantes musculares, benzodiazepínicos, antiinflamatórios analgésicos e fármacos fitoterápicos. Apesar das diversas diretrizes publicadas a respeito do tratamento da fibromialgia, até o momento inexiste terapia plenamente efetiva e diante disso evidencia-se a necessidade de novos fármacos específicos para essa patologia.
Antibiotic residues in honey: a public health issue
Authors: Lima Clara Mariana Gonçalves , Nora Flávia Michelon Dalla , Seraglio Siluana Katia Tischer , Silva Jiuliane Martins da , Marzoque Hercules José , Santana Renata Ferreira , Verruck Silvani , Scussel Vildes Maria
Published: November 2020

Honey has numerous uses and composes formulations of many food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products due to its chemical, biological, and sensorial characteristics. In recent years, several reports and scientific articles claim the contamination of honey by antibiotics, a fact that is a public health problem since the ingestion of them can cause several side effects. In this sense, the purpose of this work was to carry out a literature review in international circulation databases about the contamination of honey by antibiotics in the last 10 years. It is observed in the literature that several quality control methods for evaluating this product have been developed, with the main objective of detecting trace concentrations of these compounds. In this context, the chromatographic techniques, rapid tests, immunoassays, and the use of emerging technologies that are considered sustainable for sample preparation stand out. When these methods are applied to honey samples, it is clear that the contamination of honeys by antibiotic residues has been growing every year, making it evident that programs for continuous monitoring of these residues in honeys are conducted. Also, not only has the amount of antibiotics increased, but also the diversity of assets being used. Regarding the residues present, the main antibiotics found in the evaluated samples belong to the class of tetracyclines, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and amphenicols. However, few countries report maximum residue limits (MRL) allowed for these substances in honey, and in Brazil, as well as in the European Union, no MRL has been established for antibiotics in this product so far, which indicates that it is extremely important that MRL be adopted to ensure food safety for consumers.
Validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR in cardiac tissue of rats induced to obesity and diabetes
Authors: Oliveira Marina Martins de , Livramento Kalynka Gabriella do , Magalhães Maísa Lamounier , Paiva Luciano Vilela , Peconick Ana Paula
Published: November 2020

The validation of reference genes is an essential step for any RT-qPCR analysis. In this way, the present paper aimed to identify and validate reference genes for RT-qPCR in cardiac tissue of rats of the Rattus norvegicus albinus specie, submitted to obesity associated or not to type 2 diabetes mellitus. For this, the metabolic changes were induced at the 42nd day of life and the euthanasia was performed on the 70th day. The heart apexes were collected and destinates for RNA extraction. The RT-qPCR technique was performed in own thermocycler, the efficiency of the primers found by the LinReg software and the stability of the expression of the reference genes in the samples was analyzed by the RefFinder algorithm. The candidates for reference genes were GAPDH, POLR2A, RPL32, and RPL4 and the target gene used to verify the differences in gene expression of candidates for reference genes was CMA1. The obese animals showed a decrease in CMA1 gene expression when compared to the two most stable reference genes. The opposite occurs when it is compared to the two less stable reference genes. The GAPDH and POLR2A genes are the best to normalize the reactions with the samples in question. There is no universal reference gene for all situations, which requires systematic validation for each situation. The use of unvalidated reference genes may compromise the interpretation of the expression of the target genes, which would prevent the reflection of the actual situation.
Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) essential oil for minas frescal cheese preservation
Authors: Simões Valquíria de Fátima , Oliveira Kátia Castilho de , Bortolucci Wanessa de Campos , Gonçalves José Eduardo , Faria Maria Graciela Iecher , Fernandez Carla Maria Mariano , Ruiz Suelen Pereira , Gazim Zilda Cristiani , Colauto Nelson Barros , Linde Giani Andrea
Published: November 2020

Microorganism control in food has been a challenge due to the legislation restrictions of each country and the increase in the demand for food without chemical preservatives. Plant essential oils have antimicrobial action and are promising for the use in the food industry. Our study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and the antimicrobial effect of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruit essential oil on minas frescal cheese. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and the chemical compounds were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The major identified compounds were hydrocarbon monoterpenes (57.0%), mainly: α-pinene (22.2%), limonene (17.0%), carvone (10.2%) and β-phellandrene (7.9%). The cheese was produced, the main microorganisms were isolated, and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined through broth microdilution test.  The cheese samples were soaked. The pink pepper fruit essential oil was added to the cheese samples at the concentration of 20000 μL/mL superficially or to the micelle. S. terebinthifolius fruit essential oil was efficient to control minas frescal cheese microorganisms mainly when applied by superficial addition. The essential oil is a potential source of studies to develop applications for the control of microorganisms in cheese such as minas frescal. Further studies may exploit the impact of the essential oil in minas frescal cheese acceptability.
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight infants in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan: importance of neonatal intensive care unit graduate follow-up
Authors: Kono Yumi ,   on behalf of the Neonatal Research Network of Japan
Published: November 2020

Here we describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (birth weight ≤1,500 g) at 3 years of age in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (NRNJ) database in the past decade and review the methodological issues identified in follow-up studies. The follow-up protocol for children at 3 years of chronological age in the NRNJ consists of physical and comprehensive neurodevelopmental assessments in each participating center. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)—moderate to severe neurological disability—is defined as cerebral palsy (CP) with a Gross Motor Function Classification System score ≥2, visual impairment such as uni- or bilateral blindness, hearing impairment requiring hearing amplification, or cognitive impairment with a developmental quotient (DQ) of Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development score <70 or judgment as delayed by pediatricians. We used death or NDI as an unfavorable outcome in all study subjects and NDI in survivors using number of assessed infants as the denominator. Follow-up data were collected from 49% of survivors in the database. Infants with follow-up data had lower birth weights and were of younger gestational age than those without followup data. Mortality rates of 40,728 VLBW infants born between 2003 and 2012 were 8.2% before discharge and 0.7% after discharge. The impairment rates in the assessed infants were 7.1% for CP, 1.8% for blindness, 0.9% for hearing impairment, 15.9% for a DQ <70, and 19.1% for NDI. The mortality or NDI rate in all study subjects, including infants without followup data, was 17.4%, while that in the subjects with outcome data was 32.5%. The NRNJ follow-up study results suggested that children born with a VLBW remained at high risk of NDI in early childhood. It is important to establish a network followup protocol and complete assessments with fewer dropouts to enable clarification of the outcomes of registered infants.
Coproduction, Ethics and Artificial Intelligence: A Perspective from Cultural Anthropology
Authors: Govia Leah
Published: November 2020

Over the past five years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been endorsed as the technical underpinning of innovation. Sensationalist representations of AI have also been accompanied by assumptions of technological determinism that distract from the ordinary, sometimes unassuming consequences of interaction with its systems and processes. Drawing on scholarship from cultural anthropology, along with science and technology studies (STS), this paper examines coproduction in a Canadian AI research and development context. Through interview responses and field observations it presents sites of sociotechnical entanglement and ethical discussion to highlight potential spaces of mediation for anthropological practice. Emerging themes from the experiences of AI specialists include the negotiability of technology, an ethics of the everyday and critical collaboration. Together this returns to an initial approach into a situated understanding of artificial intelligence, negotiating with broad, sensationalist perspectives and the more commonplace, backgrounded cases of narrow research.
Development of Long-Duration Energy Storage Projects in Electric Power Systems in the United States: A Survey of Factors Which Are Shaping the Market
Authors: Helman Udi , Kaun Ben , Stekli Joseph
Published: November 2020

Energy storage is a topic of increasing interest for purposes of decarbonization of the electric power system, and in particular for addressing integration of increasing quantities of variable energy resources, such as wind and solar PV. A growing focus of such assessment is the need for new long-duration storage, in addition to existing pumped storage hydropower. A limitation of much of the analysis on this topic to date has been limited consideration of how the economic value of long-duration storage will be affected by the large deployments of short-duration energy storage, primarily lithium-ion batteries, which are currently receiving state policy support (through mandates or financial incentives), or otherwise expected to enter the markets. This article reviews the literature on this topic, updates some simulation results, and helps advance the methodological questions which need to be addressed in subsequent simulation studies. The article examines each of the major components of potential long-duration storage value, including energy time-shift, different ancillary services, and resource adequacy (RA) capacity. It also draws attention to how state policies, resource planning methods, and market structure and regulatory factors can influence selection of different types of energy storage, whether short or long duration.
Recent Advances in Developing Artificial Autotrophic Microorganism for Reinforcing CO2 Fixation
Authors: Liang Bo , Zhao Yukun , Yang Jianming
Published: November 2020

With the goal of achieving carbon sequestration, emission reduction and cleaner production, biological methods have been employed to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into fuels and chemicals. However, natural autotrophic organisms are not suitable cell factories due to their poor carbon fixation efficiency and poor growth rate. Heterotrophic microorganisms are promising candidates, since they have been proven to be efficient biofuel and chemical production chassis. This review first briefly summarizes six naturally occurring CO2 fixation pathways, and then focuses on recent advances in artificially designing efficient CO2 fixation pathways. Moreover, this review discusses the transformation of heterotrophic microorganisms into hemiautotrophic microorganisms and delves further into fully autotrophic microorganisms (artificial autotrophy) by use of synthetic biological tools and strategies. Rapid developments in artificial autotrophy have laid a solid foundation for the development of efficient carbon fixation cell factories. Finally, this review highlights future directions toward large-scale applications. Artificial autotrophic microbial cell factories need further improvements in terms of CO2 fixation pathways, reducing power supply, compartmentalization and host selection.
Ancestry and TPMT-VNTR Polymorphism: Relationship with Hematological Toxicity in Uruguayan Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Burgueño-Rodríguez Gabriela , Méndez Yessika , Olano Natalia , Dabezies Agustín , Bertoni Bernardo , Souto Jorge , Castillo Luis , da Luz Julio , Soler Ana María
Published: November 2020

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is a thiopurine drug widely used in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. Genes such asTPMTandNUDT15have an outstanding role in 6-MP metabolism. Mutations in both genes explain a significant portion of hematological toxicities suffered by ALL Uruguayan pediatric patients. A variable number tandem repeat in theTPMTpromoter (TPMT-VNTR) has been associated withTPMTexpression. This VNTR has a conservative architecture (AnBmC). To explore new causes of hematological toxicities related to ALL therapy, we genotyped theTPMT-VNTR of 130 Uruguayan pediatric patients. Additionally, individual genetic ancestry was estimated by 45 ancestry-informative markers (AIMs). Hematological toxicity was measured as the number of leukopenia events and 6-MP dose along the maintenance phase. As previously reported, we foundTPMT*2andTPMT*3Calleles were associated toTPMT-VNTR A2BC and AB2C, respectively. However, contrasting with other reports,TPMT*3Aallele was found in a heterogeneous genetic background in linkage equilibrium. Patients carrying more than 5 A repeats present a significant higher number of leukopenia events among patients withoutTPMTand/orNUDT15variants. Native American ancestry and the number of A repeats were significantly correlated with the number of leukopenia events. However, the correlation between Native American ancestry and the number of leukopenia events was lost when the number of A repeats was considered as covariate. This suggests thatTPMT-VNTR alleles are more relevant than Native American ancestry in the hematological toxicity. Our results emphasize thatTPMT-VNTR may be used as a pharmacogenetic biomarker to predict 6-MP-related hematological toxicity in ALL childhood therapy.
Perspectives on Low Temperature Tolerance and Vernalization Sensitivity in Barley: Prospects for Facultative Growth Habit
Authors: Muñoz-Amatriaín María , Hernandez Javier , Herb Dustin , Baenziger P. Stephen , Bochard Anne Marie , Capettini Flavio , Casas Ana , Cuesta-Marcos Alfonso , Einfeldt Claus , Fisk Scott , Genty Amelie , Helgerson Laura , Herz Markus , Hu Gongshe , Igartua Ernesto , Karsai Ildiko , Nakamura Toshiki , Sato Kazuhiro , Smith Kevin , Stockinger Eric , Thomas William , Hayes Patrick
Published: November 2020

One option to achieving greater resiliency for barley production in the face of climate change is to explore the potential of winter and facultative growth habits: for both types, low temperature tolerance (LTT) and vernalization sensitivity are key traits. Sensitivity to short-day photoperiod is a desirable attribute for facultative types. In order to broaden our understanding of the genetics of these phenotypes, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and identified candidate genes using a genome-wide association studies (GWAS) panel composed of 882 barley accessions that was genotyped with the Illumina 9K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. Fifteen loci including 5 known and 10 novel QTL/genes were identified for LTT—assessed as winter survival in 10 field tests and mapped using a GWAS meta-analysis. FR-H1, FR-H2, and FR-H3 were major drivers of LTT, and candidate genes were identified for FR-H3. The principal determinants of vernalization sensitivity were VRN-H1, VRN-H2, and PPD-H1. VRN-H2 deletions conferred insensitive or intermediate sensitivity to vernalization. A subset of accessions with maximum LTT were identified as a resource for allele mining and further characterization. Facultative types comprised a small portion of the GWAS panel but may be useful for developing germplasm with this growth habit.