bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GNet: An integrated context-aware neural framework for transcription factor binding signal at single nucleotide resolution prediction
Authors: Zhuang Jujuan , Feng Kexin , Teng Xinyang , Jia Cangzhi
Published: August 2023

Transcription factors (TFs) are important factors that regulate gene expression. Revealing the mechanism affecting the binding specificity of TFs is the key to understanding gene regulation. Most of the previous studies focus on TF-DNA binding sites at the sequence level, and they seldom utilize the contextual features of DNA sequences. In this paper, we develop an integrated spatiotemporal context-aware neural network framework, named GNet, for predicting TF-DNA binding signal at single nucleotide resolution by achieving three tasks: single nucleotide resolution signal prediction, identification of binding regions at the sequence level, and TF-DNA binding motif prediction. GNet extracts implicit spatial contextual information with a gated highway neural mechanism, which captures large context multi-level patterns using linear shortcut connections, and the idea of it permeates the encoder and decoder parts of GNet. The improved dual external attention mechanism, which learns implicit relationships both within and among samples, and improves the performance of the model. Experimental results on 53 human TF ChIP-seq datasets and 6 chromatin accessibility ATAC-seq datasets shows that GNet outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in the three tasks, and the results of cross-species studies on 15 human and 18 mouse TF datasets of the corresponding TF families indicate that GNet also shows the best performance in cross-species prediction over the competitive methods.
Threshold-Based Segmentation for Landmark Detection Using CBCT Images
Authors: Ed-dhahraouy Mohammed , Riri Hicham , Ezzahmouly Manal , Elmoutaouakkil Abdelmajid , Bourzgui Farid , El Byad Hamid
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of threshold-based segmentation on the mean error of automatic landmark detection in 3D CBCT images. A GUI was developed for radiologists, allowing manual landmark identification and visualization of CBCT images. After a threshold-based segmentation, a semi-automatic algorithm for landmark detection was designed using the anatomic definition of each landmark. A step of 50 Hounsfield units was used for threshold variation to assess the detection error. 5 CBCT images were used to validate the proposed approach. The measurement of error detection for one patient was influenced by the threshold variation. For this patient, the error changed from 1.49 mm to 10.32 mm at a low threshold value, while for another patient, the error changed from 1.96 mm to 12.28 mm at high a threshold value. In a CBCT scanner, the choice of threshold value for segmentation can be an important factor in causing error in measurements.
Abnormal Behavior Detection in Online Exams Using Deep Learning and Data Augmentation Techniques
Authors: Alkhalisy Muhanad Abdul Elah , Abid Saad Hameed
Published: August 2023

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) and other forms of distance learning have gained popularity in recent years. The success of remote online exam proctoring determines the integrity of the exam. Deep-learning-powered proctoring services have also grown in popularity. A large number of samples are needed for deep-learning training. The network’s generalization ability is poor due to insufficient training data or an uneven lack of variation. This study illustrates how to analyze students’ anomalous behavior by utilizing a YOLOv5 deep model trained using newly produced dataset. To overcome insufficient training data for deep-learning-related issues, this paper proposes a data-augmentation method based on semantic segmentation. The MobileNetV3 model was used to get an image semantic segmentation mask, which was used to get a binary mask, which in turn was used to replace the image background by using conditional subtraction with randomly selected background images. Finally, randomly pixel-based color augmentation was added to the resulting image. The behavioral detection model used in this study achieved 0.98 mean average precision (mAP) on the produced dataset, showing acceptable detection precision. The experimental findings indicate that the suggested augmentation method improves behavioral detection precision by more than 0.3%.
Evolution of Blockchain Technology
Authors: Yusuf Oluwaleke Umar , Habib Maki K.
Published: August 2023

This chapter presents a detailed introduction to the decentralized data processing and storage paradigm called blockchain technology, delving into its fundamental concepts, foundational principles, and advantages. A literature review is conducted, detailing existing research areas, and enabling technologies driving further research and development into the technology. The two-way fusion of machine learning – another data-driven technology – is considered, wherein one technology addresses limitations and drawbacks within the other. The existing applications of blockchain technology within various domains are discussed, along with some identified research challenges and future trends. A case study is also provided to demonstrate the integration of blockchain technology into the internet of vehicles domain.
Metrics for Project Management Methodologies Elicitation
Authors: Cristaldo Patricia R. , De Luise Daniela Lopez , La Pietra Lucas
Published: August 2023

This chapter presents an overview of the project management field, and a set of metrics useful to evaluate the goodness of different project management methodologies considering specific features of the enterprise, project, and goals. It is a multidisciplinary problem that covers the technical analysis of main methodologies, requirements, and management perspectives. It aims to translate semantical and subjective appreciations into a combination of well-determined equations giving an approximation through automatic processing, and a systematic appreciation. The confidence levels are introduced in the indicators associated with the metrics. The entire approach considers information taken from documents and tacit biases made explicit through a questionary specifically defined. As will be shown below, one of the benefits of using these metrics is the possibility of assessing the strong association between project success and documents' scope quality. Also, a number of parameters are relevant to select a management methodology and to improve risk determination.
An Overview of Security Issues in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Islam Noman , Zia Muhammad Furqan , Syed Darakhshan
Published: August 2023

Cognitive radio ad hoc network (CRAHN) is an emerging discipline of network computing. It combines the advantages of cognitive radio networks and mobile ad hoc networks. This chapter starts with an overview of various research issues of CRAHN along with representative solutions for these research issues. Among the various research issues presented, security is discussed in detail due to its prime importance. A review of existing literature reveals that not much work on security has been reported for cognitive radio networks. Specifically, an overview of security issues in CRAHN, presented in this article, is a novel work of this kind. A major part of this article highlights the importance of security in CRAHN and presents an overview of major security issues and the solutions proposed to address these issues in CRAHN.
Revolutionizing Digital Marketing Using Machine Learning
Authors: N. S. Saba , Gandhi Ritesh , Rajendran Sindhu R. , Abraham Natasha D.
Published: August 2023

Digitalization in the system has brought notable changes in the marketing world, shopping trends, and customer choice, which change dynamically. To achieve corporate goals and budget in a defined span of time, digital marketing strategies are executed through digital channels. The marketing intelligence approach is a cutting edge dealing with knowledge of machine learning to provide better marketing edge support systems. ML classifiers can be used to analyse customer behaviour in the contemporary world, project the data, and generate the validity scores to choose the best algorithm for the required consumer dataset. In this chapter, the authors discuss the various ML classifiers for customer analysis and describe the possible benefits related to the application of machine learning techniques in the field of digital marketing and its management. this chapter is concluded by giving an insight on a few relevant marketing fields where concepts of machine learning like data mining, artificial intelligence, and soft computing can be applied with valuable future insights to it.
Scaling Up Customer Support Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Kalinaki Kassim , Namuwaya Sumaya , Mwamini Aminah , Namuwaya Sarah
Published: August 2023

Cutting-edge technological advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and its associated technologies such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have garnered immense attention from academia and the industry due to their ability to automate tasks previously executed by human beings in various sectors of the economy. In the business sector, there's an increased interest to explore how these emerging technologies can be deployed to enhance engagements between businesses and clients by automating their interactions. Fueled by the prevalence of a plethora of digital marketing data, these data-driven techniques can help businesses to provide faster and more efficient customer support, while also freeing up human staff to focus on more complex business-related issues. Accordingly, this chapter seeks to provide a compact review of the different AI-powered techniques and their applications in scaling up customer support, highlight existing challenges in their usage in the marketing domain along with proposing future research directions.
A Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Neuro-Locomotion of a Legged Robot With Malfunction Compensation
Authors: Saputra Azhar Aulia , Kubota Naoyuki
Published: August 2023

Dynamic quadruped locomotion implies high-intensity integration toward environmental factors and requires considering the information from sensory feedback. The authors represent CPG-based locomotion model with sensorimotor coordination. They build an efficient integration between motor and sensory neurons that can generate dynamic behavior, especially in locomotion coordination during leg malfunction. They emphasize an optimization strategy to optimize the interconnection structure of CPG-based locomotion model. They use a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to optimize the synaptic weight between motor–motor neurons and motor–sensory neurons. The applied cascade optimization is 1) dynamic gait pattern optimization using desired speed and torso oscillation as the fitness function and 2) malfunction compensation optimization using moving direction error and torso oscillation as the fitness evaluation. The proposed model has been applied to simulated and real middle-size quadruped robots. It showed the proposed optimization can generate a smooth transition during a robot's leg unction.
Active-Passive Mechanotherapy (APM) of the Ankle Joint (AJ) in Post-Traumatic Rehabilitation
Authors: Jatsun Sergey Fedorovich , Yatsun Andrey
Published: August 2023

This chapter discusses a device for active-passive mechanotherapy of the ankle joint. The device is based on a controllable mobile platform equipped with force-moment sensors, on which the patient's foot is mounted using cuffs, and linear motion sensors control the platform rotation angles. The device's platform is designed so that the rotation axis of the platform always coincides with the center of the ankle joint. For this purpose, a parallel kinematics mechanism is used, which is based on three linear electric drives. The control system of the device provides both active and passive movement of the platform. For the realization of the control algorithm of the mobile platform movement, a mathematical model is developed, which allows for establishing connections between the angular motions of the mobile platform and linear drives of the parallel mechanism. Models of the platform support reaction forces on the patient's foot during the operation of the device are also described. A functional control diagram of the device and its modes of operation are described.
Transforming Hand Gesture Recognition Into Image Classification Using Data Level Fusion
Authors: Yusuf Oluwaleke Umar , Habib Maki K. , Moustafa Mohamed N.
Published: August 2023

Hand gesture recognition (HGR) is a form of perceptual computing with applications in human-machine interaction, virtual/augmented reality, and human behavior analysis. Within the HGR domain, several frameworks have been developed with different combinations of input modalities and neural network architectures to varying levels of efficacy. Such frameworks maximized performance at the expense of increased computational and hardware requirements. These drawbacks can be mitigated by a skeleton-based framework that transforms the hand gesture recognition task into an image classification task. This chapter explores several temporal information condensation (via data-level fusion) methods for encoding dynamic gesture information into static images. The efficacies of these methods are compared, and the best ones are aggregated into a generalized HGR framework which was extensively evaluated on the CNR, FPHA, LMDHG, SHREC2017, and DHG1428 benchmark datasets. The framework's performance shows competitiveness compared to other frameworks within the state-of-the-art for the datasets.
Security Systems Using Machine Vision
Authors: Limon-Molina Guillermo M. , Cota-Rivera E. Ivette , Murrieta-Rico Fabian N. , Bravo-Zanoguera Miguel E. , Raygoza-L. Maria E. , Mercado-Herrera Abelardo , Orduño Jesus Heriberto
Published: August 2023

Surveillance systems are image acquisition systems that use commercial security cameras fixed at specific locations in stores, houses, or warehouses to enhance safety and protect staff, assets, and buildings. Although these systems are good security options, a temporal secure area or nearby mobile needs an alternative personal monitoring solution that can be constructed by using the smartphone multimedia resources to access a PC's machine vision software, providing a tool for surveillance. In this chapter, an application is developed using only a smartphone camera and a pattern matching algorithm to detect presence of people in a secure area; when presence occurs, a signal is sent to start a recording and/or activate an alarm to warn the users. A virtual instrument algorithm application was able to detect objects in a room, recognizing who are residents and who are guests. The functionality of this project with encouraging results obtained provides a flexible security instrument.
A Data-Driven Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Kalman Filter of Minimum Realization for Forecasting Spacecraft Formation on Low Earth Orbit
Authors: Montel Ben-Hur Matthews Moreno , de Oliveira Serra Ginalber Luiz
Published: August 2023

This chapter proposes a machine learning methodology for forecasting a spacecraft formation's 3-dimensional relative position and velocity in low Earth orbit. To reduce noise effects, the adopted methodology consists of identifying linear local models recursively. The database was partitioned using the interval type-2 fuzzy maximum likelihood clustering algorithm in order to create linear sub models. Singular spectral analysis was used to divide the measured signal into unobserved components, reducing noise dependence on data set. To each fuzzy set obtained by the clustering algorithm, the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm/Observer Kalman Identification (ERA/OKID) was used to identify a Kalman filter equation of minimum realization. The proposed algorithm performs these operations in two stages: offline and online. In the latter, the singular spectral analysis and realization algorithm is performed recursively. The proposed methodology was applied to forecasting the relative position and velocity of a PRISMA spacecraft formation simulation.
Digital Twin and Human Digital Twin for Practical Implementation in Industry 5.0
Authors: Coşgun Atıl Emre
Published: August 2023

Technology, mass customization, and advanced manufacturing are all undergoing rapid change. Since they can now be used in conjunction with advances in artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction, robots are becoming even more significant. However, humans keep their importance in manufacturing as the most dynamic factor in the system. At this point, Industry5.0 proposes a solution, a strong necessity to increase productivity while not removing human workers from the manufacturing industry. It is a requirement that people and machines collaborate and progress with each other's strengths to develop an industrial ecosystem that is more effective, productive, and sustainable. In this chapter, the authors discussed the industry's historical development as well as some supporting technologies and potential applications for Industry 5.0, especially digital twin and human digital twin technologies, implementations, and their key points. Also, the components, benefits, and difficulties of these concepts were mentioned.
The High Potential of Industrial Robots in the Machining Process to Empower Mass Customization
Authors: Gumus Mehmet Sefa , Kalyoncu Mete
Published: August 2023

Today, the majority of machining operations are performed with CNC machine tools thanks to the high machining accuracy and repeatability. However, the need for dedicated machines for different machining operations is a disadvantage of CNC machine tools customized for the process to be applied. Therefore, a multifunctional and lower-cost industrial robot could have the potential to replace existing machine tools. In this chapter, the high potential of robotic machining in mass production systems is introduced. The deficiencies of robotic manufacturing to obstacles in its direct application to all kinds of chip removal processes is discussed. The parameters affecting the robot's stiffness are discussed. It is explained how the robot configuration should be optimized for minimum vibration. In addition, the approaches to determine the most suitable tool path to reduce vibration and improve surface quality are explained. Finally, active vibration-damping methods applied in the literature that can be used to prevent vibration in robotic chip removal processes are introduced.
Save Soil Through Machine Learning
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Mahalashmi J. , Vidhya A. , Nila Devagi S. , Bowshith G.
Published: August 2023

Acknowledging the ability of the soil is the primary step in improving its quality. The system is designed to collect all the required data using various IoT-based technologies. This chapter has an intensive survey of research papers in both national and the global space. And the collected data are trained and prepared by machine learning algorithms to be able to predict the ways to improve the quality. It also gives the current status of the soil.
Precision Agriculture and Farming Using Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Yadavamuthiah K.
Published: August 2023

The ideals of precision farming, agronomy, and automation in the food supply chain have also been established because of robotization and agricultural advancements. The rigidity, networking, standardization, robustness, skill requirements, absence of real-time data, and actuation are some of the areas where present systems still have serious flaws. The development of robotics and independent systems was prompted using artificial intelligence, and intelligent ICT robotic systems in cyber-physical systems will be necessary. These systems can communicate, compute, track, and control physical elements and processes in a variety of operations. This system uses ICT robots equipped with the necessary sensors to monitor the entire agricultural area, transferring data to edge nodes. While the procedure was still in progress, it began updating the field and storing the information in the cloud, and it transferred updates to the farmers. This chapter explores the various developments of robotics and autonomous systems in the agricultural field.
Tourism as a Means of Empowering Women in Sustainable Development
Authors: Gök Hatice Sari
Published: August 2023

In tourism, women's cooperatives support women's empowerment in the society by providing income with employment, employment and education opportunities, and their effects on eliminating economic and social injustice. With the increase in interest in natural and cultural heritage, local food and handicrafts, the development of healthy life awareness and the increase in education level, the interest in authentic and local cultures is increasing day by day. From this point of view, the similarities between sustainability, sustainable development, women's empowerment, women's cooperatives in tourism and sustainable development goals, and women's cooperatives were examined in this study. It is thought that the study will contribute to the literature and tourism sector.
Women's Empowerment and Sustainable Tourism Development
Authors: Khoso Imamuddin , Shaikh Maria , Shaikh Erum
Published: August 2023

This study identifies the facets of women empowerment which could be harnessed to bring paradigm shift in tourism industry and simultaneously advance gender parity in the areas with rich tourism resorts in Pakistan. The data were collected through survey questionnaire from women aged 18+ living five regions of Pakistan which are rich in cultural heritage and tourist attractions. The findings show that psychological and economic empowerment are occupying central stage in enhancing women's developmental participation in tourism development in Pakistan. The political and social aspects of women empowerment also play a crucial role in stirring tourism activities. Most importantly, empirical evidence demonstrates that cultural traditionality (CT) positively moderates the impact of women empowerment on the development of tourism in a way that the participatory role of empowered women higher in CT is significantly magnified towards the creation of sustainable tourist environment which promotes local culture and brings benefits to local communities.
Women's Empowerment Within the Tourism Industry
Authors: Ranjitha R. , Mathew Sonia
Published: August 2023

Travelling is essential for maintaining one's happiness and mental wellness. Tourism is a job providing industry and huge contributions to economic growth, and many studies have been undertaken to determine who is attracted to tourism. Surprisingly, women take a major stand in the tourism industry. The purpose of this study is to examine female solo travelers' risk assessment and their mitigation strategies by investigating online travel blogs. Therefore, the study aims at assessment of risk such as physical risk, destination-specific risk, and financial risk faced by solo women travellers by considering and analyzing online women travellers' blog narratives. These narratives from online travel blogs pertaining to Indian solo female travellers are considered in this study. Hence, this assessment gives an opportunity to know how to stay safe in uncertain situations and also mitigation strategies to stay alert. The result of the study indicates the various risks faced by solo female travel and mitigation strategies for promotion of more female travellers.
Gender Discrimination in Tour Guiding
Authors: Bilgi Evrim , Yazıcı Ayyıldız Ahu Yazici
Published: August 2023

Women tend to be disadvantaged at work due to the various problems based on gender discrimination. Women's employment tends to be segregated both vertically and horizontally and across a wide variety of sectors. Women face gender discrimination in a wide variety of sub-sectors of tourism ranging from hospitality to tour guiding. This study explores gender discrimination in the tourist guiding profession. By adopting a dyadic perspective, this study investigates the difficulties experienced by both female and male tour guides. A convenience sampling was used to collect data from 15 female and 15 male tour guides. In collecting data, semi-structured interviews were used. The data collected from the tour guides were analysed qualitatively. By comparing the difficulties experienced by the male and female tour guides, the extent and the nature of gender discrimination have been identified. Based on the outcomes of the study regarding the extent and nature of discrimination, policy guidelines are offered for the practitioners and the stakeholders.
Women Voluntourism for the Empowerment of Refugee Women
Authors: Subaşı Selen
Published: August 2023

The term “voluntourism” refers to vacations in which participants give their time to charitable organizations. Humanitarian crises, either natural causes like natural disasters or human causes such as armed conflicts and civil wars, caused millions of people to be displaced. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), global forced displacement has reached 103 million, with 53.2 million of those internally displaced and 32.5 million refugees. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call on the global community to “leave nobody behind,” which has resulted in the formation of dozens of new organizations and motivated thousands of individuals to participate in volunteer travel. In addition, non-governmental organizations have been actively looking for volunteers to aid displaced people. Women hailing from a wide range of nations have been taking on the mantle of a refugee and making the journey to a number of conflict zones in order to establish organizations and/or lend a hand in the process of resettling refugees.
Bibliometric Analysis of Conducted Studies Related to Women's Entrepreneurship in Turkey
Authors: Yıldız Nuray , Yalçın Zerrin
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this research is to determine the way in which the concept of entrepreneurship, the importance of which is increasing day by day, is discussed in the national tourism literature, to reveal the current characteristics of the studies and to examine the subject. In addition, it is aimed to contribute to the literature by compiling studies on a national scale in which the topic of entrepreneurship research is discussed within the framework of the tourism discipline. Starting from this point, between 2019 and 2022, Google Academic, ULAKBIM, and National Dissertation/Thesis Center (YOK) are reviewed for words such as women's entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, tourism sector. Within the scope of the qualitative method, the academic papers obtained will be reviewed firstly through document analysis and then via bibliometric analysis.
Research on the Construction and Application of Knowledge Graph in the Ceramic Field Based on Natural Language Processing
Authors: Nie Yu , Huang Na , Peng Junjie , Song Guanghua , Zhang Yilai , Peng Yongkang , Ni Chenglin
Published: August 2023

There are problems of knowledge deficiency and effective unified expression of knowledge in the process of relevant knowledge data acquired by workers in the ceramic domain. In this study, the authors designed relevant experiments to construct ceramic field knowledge graphs to solve these problems. In the experiments of named entity recognition and relationship recognition, the authors compared the performance of several models in OwnThink and ceramics field datasets. The experimental results showed that the BiLSTM-CRF model is the best for named entity recognition and the TextCNN model is the best for relationship recognition in ceramics field datasets. Therefore, the first used the BiLSTM-CRF model to complete the naming entity recognition and then combined with the TextCNN model to complete the relationship recognition to construct the ceramic field knowledge graph. Then, they applied the constructed graph to the ceramic knowledge Q&A service to provide accurate data retrieval service for ceramic domain workers.
Informação contábil e remuneração executiva: uma análise a partir da qualidade do lucro
Authors: Augusto Orsi de Araujo Juliano , De Sousa Ribeiro Maisa
Published: August 2023

Verificou-se a relação entre a remuneração executiva e a qualidade do lucro como forma de mitigação do problema de gerenciamento de resultado para obtenção de maiores remunerações, por parte dos executivos. Foram analisadas 288 empresas que divulgaram as informações sobre remuneração executiva no período de 2008 a 2017, de países que compõem a União Europeia, por meio de regressão por dados em painel com efeitos fixos. Os resultados permitem afirmar que os pacotes de remuneração executiva são influenciados pela magnitude de accruals e suavização de resultados. Executivos que lançam mão de accruals e de práticas de suavização de resultados observam maiores remunerações. Por outro lado, não foi possível identificar relação entre persistência de lucros, tempestividade no reconhecimento de perdas e a remuneração executiva, fato que não permite afirmar que estas duas proxies apresentam influência sobre os pacotes de remuneração. As variáveis de controle de tamanho, endividamento de curto prazo, retorno contábil, retorno de mercado e governança corporativa apresentaram significância estatística. A principal contribuição do estudo é a evidenciação de que, para este período e amostra, os pacotes de remuneração não sofreram influência de todas as métricas de qualidade do lucro, apenas pelo uso de accruals e suavização de resultados, combinados com o retorno das ações no mercado acionário, o que sugere, segundo a literatura, um desalinhamento entre os interesses de longo prazo de investidores e seus executivos.
Leasing para arrendatárias: um ensaio teórico sobre as divergências entre IASB e FASB após o due process
Authors: Moura dos Santos Agostinho , Miranda Rodrigues Jomar , Katsumi Niyama Jorge
Published: August 2023

Diversas críticas às normas contábeis sobre leasing levaram o International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) e o Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) a se unirem em busca de uma solução conjunta por meio de um due process, que culminou com a emissão do IFRS 16 pelo IASB e do ASC 842 pelo FASB. Todavia, não foi possível chegar a um consenso total. Assim, este estudo teve por objetivo analisar as principais diferenças sobre a contabilização de leasing para arrendatárias presentes nas normas emitidas por FASB e IASB que persistiram após o processo de harmonização. Para tanto, foi realizada investigação sobre práticas contábeis relativas ao leasing com foco nas normas mais recentes, nos documentos demais emitidos pelos normatizadores e na literatura relevante sobre o assunto. O estudo é relevante por realçar diferenças entre informações contábeis produzidas de acordo com o padrão norte-americano e com o padrão internacional e as questões de comparabilidade daí decorrentes. Como principal diferença, aponta-se que o FASB, ao contrário do IASB, entendeu que ativos advindos de contratos de leasing operacional e financeiro devem ser segregados no balanço patrimonial, tendo em vista que, na visão do órgão norte-americano, os contratos possuem substâncias econômicas diferentes. Todavia, essa diferença não prejudicou o consenso dos dois órgãos no entendimento da essência a ser conferida aos contratos de leasing, que passou a buscar evidenciar se a operação de leasing contém o direito de uso do bem e a geração de benefícios para a companhia, independentemente de ser um financiamento ou um aluguel.
Influência do estresse ocupacional no ceticismo profissional de auditores independentes
Authors: Haveroth Juçara , Roberto da Cunha Paulo
Published: August 2023

Esta pesquisa analisou a influência do estresse ocupacional no ceticismo profissional de auditores independentes. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, survey com abordagem quantitativa. O estudo foi realizado com auditores independentes cadastrados no Cadastro Nacional de Auditores Independentes (CNAI) que se encontravam ativos na rede de contatos profissionais Linkedin®. O instrumento de coleta de dado foi questionário com base em Paschoal e Tamayo (2004) para o estresse ocupacional e Hurtt (2010) para o ceticismo profissional. A partir de regressões lineares e quantílicas os resultados obtidos puderam confirmar que o estresse ocupacional tem influência negativa e significativa sobre o nível de ceticismo profissional, especialmente para auditores que trabalham em firma de auditoria Big Four. Além disso, identificou-se em níveis medianos de ceticismo profissional o estresse ocupacional exerce maior influência. Ao concluir que o estresse ocupacional tem influência no nível cético de auditores independentes lança-se luz a uma possível influência destes na qualidade da auditoria. As contribuições que este trabalho apresenta são referentes a conhecer o ambiente de trabalho de auditores, compreender que estressores são fatores comuns e que podem impactar na capacidade de análise cética das evidências de auditoria. Ainda, para as firmas de auditoria, os resultados sinalizam reflexões aos efeitos que o estresse ocupacional pode ter na qualidade da auditoria.
Oral Care in Critically Ill Infants and the Potential Effect on Infant Health: An Integrative Review
Authors: Parker Leslie A. , Pruitt Jennifer , Monk Angela , Lambert Monica Torrez , Lorca Graciela L. , Neu Josef
Published: August 2023

Background

Critically ill infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit are at risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia and abnormal oral colonization. Adherence to evidence-based guidelines for oral care in critically ill adults is associated with improved short- and long-term health outcomes. However, oral care guidelines for critically ill infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit have not been established, possibly increasing their risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and other health complications.

Objective

To describe and summarize the evidence regarding oral care for critically ill infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and to identify gaps needing further investigation.

Methods

The MEDLINE (through PubMed) and CINAHL databases were searched for observational studies and randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of oral care on oral colonization, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and health outcomes of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Results

This review of 5 studies yielded evidence that oral care may promote a more commensal oral and endotracheal tube aspirate microbiome. It may also reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. However, the paucity of research regarding oral care in this population and differences in oral care procedures, elements used, and timing greatly limit any possible conclusions.

Conclusions

Oral care in critically ill infants may be especially important because of their suppressed immunity and physiological immaturity. Further appropriately powered studies that control for potential covariates, monitor for adverse events, and use recommended definitions of ventilator-associated pneumonia are needed to make clinical recommendations.
Fuzzy neural network PID control design of camellia fruit vibration picking manipulator
Authors: Fan Ziyan , Li Lijun , Gao Zicheng
Published: August 2023

Due to the growth characteristics of the flowers and fruits of camellia in the same period, the vibrating camellia fruit picking machine needs to ensure the constant rotational speed of the vibrating hydraulic motor when the picking mechanism is operating, to achieve a constant vibration frequency, to ensure that the camellia fruit can smoothly fall off the branches through vibration. In contrast, the camellia fruit does not fall off. In this regard, this paper deduced the state space equation of the camellia fruit picking machine’s valve-controlled vibrating hydraulic motor system and designed a fuzzy wavelet neural network PID controller (FWNN PID controller) based on the traditional incremental PID control principle. Then the designed vibration picking manipulator control system was simulated under no-load, 5 s load conditions, and load start conditions with MATLAB/Simulink, a general PID controller and a fuzzy RBF neural network PID controller (FRBFNN PID controller) were used to contrast with it. The results show that the general PID controller has a slow response speed and poor robustness, while fuzzy neural network PID controllers (including FWNN PID controller and FRBFNN PID controller) have a fast response speed and strong robustness, which can well meet the requirements of a specific vibration frequency. Finally, a field test was carried out. The results show that the FWNN PID control is better than the FRBFNN PID control. Furthermore, the FWNN PID controller obviously reduced the drop rate of camellia flowers within 6% while ensuring the picking efficiency above 90%, which can well meet the needs of the camellia fruit picking operation.
A novel method for measurement of the angle of repose of granular seeds in discrete element methods
Authors: Du Xin , Liu Cailing , Liu Changqing , Sun Qixin , Chen Shufa
Published: August 2023

Discrete element numerical simulations can help researchers find potential problems in the design phase, shortening the development cycle and reducing costs. In the field of agricultural engineering, more and more researchers are using discrete element methods (DEM) to assist in designing and optimising equipment parameters. Model parameters calibration is a prerequisite for discrete element numerical calculations, and the angle of repose (AoR) is commonly used to calibrate the parameters. However, the measurement of AoR in DEM was not seriously considered in industrial or academic fields. In practice, AoR is measured manually, using 2D digital image processing or using a 3D scan. However, reliable and consistent measurements of AoR in DEM are rarely mentioned. This study suggests an accurate and consistent way to measure AoR in DEM using a novel method to read particle coordinate information directly from the data file; then, the AoR is calculated by linearly fitting the centre coordinates of the outermost particles. Influences of input variables on AoR acquisition are discussed through several examples using customised templates with known angles. Then a comparative study of the accuracy of the measurement of AoR in DEM and the reliability of the parameter calibration results by the manual measurement, 2D digital image processing, and algorithm proposed in this paper was conducted. In case studies with four seed materials, this method prevented the subjective selection of AoR, improved the identification accuracy, and increased the precision and accuracy of DEM calibration. In addition, the time consumption for obtaining AoR using the novel method for measurement is much less than that of 2D.
Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination intention among parents of children aged 5-11 years in South Korea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kang Jung Hwa , Kim Yunsoo
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting parents' intentions to have their children aged 5-11 years vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: The participants of the study were 298 parents with children aged 5-11 years in South Korea. Data collection took place from October 20 to October 26, 2022 and used an online survey (Google Forms). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t test, analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression in IBM SPSS version 26.0.Results: The factors influencing participants' vaccination intentions for their children aged 5-11 years were cognitive behavioral control (β=.40, p<.001), attitudes (β=.37, p<.001), subjective norms (β=.20, p<.001), and awareness of whether their child could receive the COVID-19 vaccine (β=.07, p=.016). The explanatory power of the regression equation was 89%.Conclusion: Parents' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 are influenced by their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward vaccines. Since parents are concerned about vaccine side effects, it is important to establish a trusted line of communication to keep them informed about vaccinations.
Termination of the Ganderian Cambrian–Ordovician Miramichi terrane in east-central Maine, northern Appalachian orogen, USA
Authors: Ludman Allan , Whittaker Amber T.H.
Published: August 2023

The Ganderian Cambrian–Ordovician Miramichi terrane narrows in east-central Maine and terminates at the junction of faults that separate it from the mostly Silurian Central Maine/Aroostook–Matapedia basin (CMAM) to the northwest and Fredericton trough to the southeast. The terrane was emergent after Middle Ordovician recumbent folding and shed sediment to both adjacent depocenters. Its boundary faults are the youngest deformation events and play important roles in its termination, but do not by themselves explain it. The presence of distinctive CMAM strata southeast of the northwest boundary fault indicates that the first step in developing the current relationships was an episode of hitherto unrecognized late Silurian eastward thrusting. In the northern (Danforth) segment of the terrane, intermediate facies CMAM strata were thrust onto their Miramichi source rocks. The thrust sheet was deformed by Acadian upright folds, then dissected by dip-slip offset along boundary and internal faults prior to intrusion of the 409 ± 2 Ma Skiff Lake pluton. Subsequent erosion isolated a remnant of the thrust sheet as the Dill Hill klippe, its allochthonous CMAM strata isolated among Miramichi rocks. The southern (Greenfield) segment experienced similar events, but current relationships are different and timing of the late-stage faults is not well constrained. Allochthonous CMAM strata may have overridden the Miramichi terrane completely, so that a remnant of distinctive CMAM strata is now exposed east of the Miramichi terrane in fault contact with rocks of the Fredericton trough. The entire Greenfield segment is interpreted as a fault block exposed within the thrust sheet.
Возмущения негиперболических алгебраических автоморфизмов двумерного тора
Authors: Grines Vyacheslav Zigmuntovich , Mints Dmitriy I. , Chilina Ekaterina E
Published: August 2023

Все негиперболические автоморфизмы двумерного тора не являются структурно устойчивыми отображениями, и предсказать динамику сколь угодно их малых возмущений, вообще говоря, невозможно. В настоящей работе для представителя каждого класса алгебраической сопряженности непериодических негиперболических отображений построено однопараметрическое семейство диффеоморфизмов, содержащее исходное отображение при нулевом значении параметра и состоящие из диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла при всех значениях параметра, не равных нулю. Согласно результатам В. З. Гринеса и А. Н. Безденежных диффеоморфизм Морса-Смейла замкнутой ориентируемой поверхности, индуцирующий в фундаментальной группе непериодическое действие, обладает непустым гетероклиническим множеством. Доказано, что диффеоморфизмы построенных семейств при всех значениях параметра, не равных нулю, обладают непустым ориентируемым гетероклиническим множеством, число орбит которого определяется возмущаемым автоморфизмом.
Библиография: 10 названий.
Критерий существования двухточечно-колебательного решения возмущенной системы с реле
Authors: Yevstafyeva Victoria Viktorovna
Published: August 2023

Исследуется $n$-мерная система обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений с постоянной матрицей в линейной части, разрывной нелинейностью гистерезисного типа и непрерывной ограниченной функцией возмущения в нелинейной части. Нелинейность описывается характеристикой двухпозиционного неидеального реле. Матрица системы имеет вещественные простые ненулевые собственные значения. Исследуются колебательные решения с двумя точками переключения в фазовом пространстве системы и произвольным периодом возврата в каждую из этих точек. Рассматривается система в исходной и канонической формах. Решается задача Коши с начальным и граничными условиями в точках переключения. Для канонической системы с ненулевым вектором обратной связи, вектором из единиц при нелинейности и функцией возмущения общего вида доказывается критерий существования и единственности решения с произвольным периодом возврата. Кроме того, в случае периодической функции возмущения устанавливается необходимое и достаточное условие существования единственного периодического решения с заданным периодом. Приведен пример существования решения для трехмерной системы.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Дифференциальные исчисления на групповых алгебрах
и концы групп
Authors: Arutyunov Andronick Aramovich
Published: August 2023

Работа посвящена исследованию графов, обобщающих графы Кэли и возникаюших при различных вариантах действия группы на себе. Устанавливается связь между такими графами и подалгебрами операторов в групповом кольце, что позволяет получить формулу для числа концов таких графов в терминах размерностей подходящих пространств характеров. Строятся примеры различных вариантов действия групп и соответствующие им графы. В частности, при действии сопряжениями соответствующая алгебра оказывается алгеброй дифференцирований. Также предлагаемая конструкция обобщается на производные Фокса.
Библиография: 27 названий.
О задаче монополиста и двойственной к ней
Authors: Bogachev Tikhon Vladimirovich , Kolesnikov Aleksandr Viktorovich
Published: August 2023

В работе изучается функционал $\Phi$, возникающий в многочисленных экономических приложениях, в частности, в задаче монополиста. Особенностью данных задач являются неклассические области определения таких функционалов (в нашем случае - возрастающие выпуклые функции). Доказано соотношение двойственности для $\Phi$ с помощью подходящей теоремы о минимаксе. В частности, получено важное следствие, что двойственный функционал (определенный на пространстве мер и известный как "функционал Бекмана") достигает своего минимума. Также настоящий подход дает более простые доказательства некоторых известных ранее результатов.
Библиография: 16 названий.
Errores que cometen los estudiantes de tercero y cuarto año de enseñanza media en vistas ortogonales de figuras geométricas 3D
Authors: Ramírez Jofré Brahiam , González Díaz Marcelo , Zambrano Reyes Ricardo
Published: August 2023

El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo es estudiar errores que cometen alumnos de tercer y cuarto año de enseñanza media (16-18 años) en el dibujo de vistas ortogonales de figuras 3D y del proceso de dibujar figuras desde vistas ortogonales. La fundamentación teórica se basa en la teoría de los registros de representación semiótica (TRRS) y habilidades de manipulación mental. La recolección de datos se ha obtenido de las respuestas de 30 estudiantes de dos establecimientos chilenos a un cuestionario de cuatro partes que ha pretendido evidenciar los procesos de visualización, habilidades y razonamiento espacial. Como resultado, se han obtenido 11 tipos de respuestas diferentes para cada una de las vistas ortogonales analizadas, presentando mayor error de representación en vistas superiores (66,4% de error) y vistas traseras (63,2% de error), y con el 56,4% de las respuestas diferentes a la correcta en el apartado principal del cuestionario, evidenciando dificultades en habilidades espaciales y de manipulación mental.