bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STATISTICAL THEORY OF TYPE I ANTIFERROMAGNETISM AND AB ALLOY SUPERLATTICE ON A FACE CENTERED CUBIC LATTICE——A SERIES EXPANSION METHOD
Authors: LIU ZHI-MING  , ZHANG FU-CHUN  , XU WEN-LAN  , LI YIN-YUAN  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学北京研究生院,研究生; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The statistical theory of Type I antiferromagnetism of Ising spin 1/2 with the nearest neighbor interaction-J on a face centered cubic lattice has been treated by the method of series expansion. The degeneracy of the ground state is eliminated by introducing a next nearest neighbor interaction ～0+. The free energy function for the lower temperature ordered state is written in a series of exp(-4J/kT) and that for the higher temperature disorder state in a series of tanh (J/kT). Using Pade approximants, we have shown that the free energy curves of the two states cross at Tc = 1.74J/k, which clearly indicates the transition is of the first-order. The related physical quantities such as the long- and short-range order parameter, the internal energy, the entropy, the specific heat as well as the magnetic susceptibility were calculated following the variation of temperature. They all change abruptly at Tc and the latent heat Q = Tc△S = 0.44J. It is-proved that the theory of AB alloy superlattice, typically such as CuAul, may be for-mulated with its free energy similar to that of type I antife rromagnetism. Consequently, the characteristics of the transition and the physical quantities obtained can be naturally applied to the superlattice problem. We have shown analytically that the Tc- H curve exhibits a maximum at H=0.
THE ADAPTABILITY OF GINZBERG-LANDAU THEORY FOR SUPERCONDUCTING THIN FILMS
Authors: ZHANG YU-HENG  ,   中国科学技术大学物理系
Published: November 2020

It is pointed out in this paper that so far G-L theory for the critical magnetic field of superconducting thin films has not been verified by experiments although G-L theory has been extensively used to describe the critical magnetic field of superconducting thin films in the past three decades and it is the only theory to describe the critical magnetic field of strong-eoupling superconducting thin films. We find that the critical magnetic field of weak-coupling superconducting crystalline thin films can't be described by G-L theory and that the critical magnetic field of strong-coupling superconducting thin films can't be adapted also.In this paper, we present a new local criterion, i.e.ξ≤λ,ξ≤d would be satisfied simultaneously in the thin film limit. By means of this new local Criterion, we can explain disagreement between theories and theory and experiments.
THE GENERAL TYPES OF MULTIPLE SOLUTION IN PATTERSON METHOD FOR TETRAGONAL SYSTEM
Authors: ZHENG QI-TAI  ,   中国科学院生物物理研究所
Published: November 2020

68 space groups of the tetragonal system have been analysed for the case of crystals containing one heavy atom in the asymmetric unit. Possible heavy atom positions which lead to multiple solution of the light atoms are tabulated together with the corresponding pseudo-symmetry, the multiple solutions of light atoms and the distribution rule of the components of structure factors among different parity groups.
RESTRAINED PERMUTATION OF THE STARTING PHASES
Authors: FAN HAI-FU  , HAN FU-SEN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The heavy atom phases are extremely important in solving crystal structures containing heavy atoms. Successive Fourier approximation and Karle recycling procedures starting with the heavy atom phases are two major methods of solving structures containing heavy atoms. However, difficulties may some times happen when the contribution of heavy atoms is too small to dominate sufficient number of phases or if the distribution of heavy atoms possesses a higher symmetry than that of the whole structure. It is worthy to investigate in these cases whether or not the heavy atom information can still be used to simplify the process of structure determination greatly. In this paper a method is proposed that the heavy atom phases may be used to restrict the permutation of the starting phases leading to a great reduction in number of the starting phase seta. This method incorporating with that proposed by the authors can improve greatly the efficiency of direct methods in solving structures containing heavy atoms.
RESONANT ABSORPTION AND SECOND-HARMONIC GENERATION AT A RIPPLED CRITICAL SURFACE IN THE LASER PLASMA
Authors: SHEN WEN-DA  , ZHU SHI-TONG  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

When laser beam is incident on an inhomogeneous isotropic plasma, the variations in density profile perpendicular to main density gradient may develop, producing a rippling of critical surface. We have discussed resonant absorption and second-harmonic generation at the rippled critical surface in the case of normal incidence. Analytic expressions for absorption and transformation coefficients are derived. It is possible to explain reasonably the deviation of linear theory from experimental results with this mechanism.
POLARIZATION ROTATION OF DEGENERATE FOUR-WAVE MIXING IN THE EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: FU PAN-MING  , MI XIN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

We have discussed the polarization rotation of degenerate four-wave mixing in the external magnetic field. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility Xyxx(3) is calculated in the Jg=0→Je=1 transition. It consists of two components. The first component is due to the saturation effect of the population difference. The second component is due to the Zeeman coherence induced in the interaction between atom and field.
X-RAY STUDY ON THE PHASE BOUNDARY OF FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS OF K0.5Bi0.5TiO3—Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 SYSTEM
Authors: GUO CHANG-LIN  , WU YU-QIN  , WANG TIAN-BAO  ,   中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所
Published: November 2020

By means of X-ray diffraction method, we determined the lattice parameters and phase transition temperatures of specimen of K0.5Bi0.5TiO3—Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 system with varions components, as well as the component of the boundary between tetragonal and rhombohedral forms. The X-ray powder diffraction data of K0.5Bi0.5TiO3—Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 polycrystals are also given.
INFLUENCE OF THERMAL EFFECTS ON HIGH POWER CW LASER OUTPUT OF b-AXIS Nd: YAP
Authors: SHEN HONG-YUAN  , ZHOU YU-PING  , YU GUI-FANG  , HUANG XIAO-LIANG  , WU CAI-MING  , NI YU-YUN  ,   中国科学院福建物质结构研究所
Published: November 2020

Based on the previous work, we propose here a designing method of optical resonator with an elliptical refractive index profile of dielectric. Moreover, some influences of thermal effects on the transversal field distribution, the orientation of polarization, as well as output power of b-axis Nd: YAP(Nd+Cr:YAP)CW laser are analysed. With these factors taken into account, we have been able to achieve 163W and 152W laser output with nearly linear polarization beam from 5.8 ×111mm Nd: YAP rod and 6.4×100 mm Nd+Cr:YAP rod with an over-all efficiency of 2.26% and 2.11% respectively. The depolarization of the laser beam is about 1:2900.
THE HAWKING EVAPORATION OF DIRAC PARTICLES IN GENERAL KERR-NEWMAN BLACK HOLE BACKGROUND
Authors: XU CHONG-MING  , SHEN YOU-GEN  ,   复旦大学物理系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we have extended the Hawking evaporation of Dirac particles in extreme Kerr and Kerr-Newman black hole background to the case of general Kerr-Newman black hole. The physical solutions of the Dirac equation with non-zero rest mass are found outside the event horizon of a general Kerr-Newman black hole by a proper transformation. The Hawking thermal spectra formula is also derived. The problem of the Hawking evaporation of Dirac particles in general Kerr-Newman black hole background have been solved, (ref. [6]).
CHROMATIC ABERRATION ANALYSIS OF THE SELFOC-ROD LENSES
Authors: LIU DE-SEN  ,   中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, starting from ray optics, the chromatic aberration equations of selfoc-rod lenses are obtained. Chromatic aberration of Tl-1, Cs-1, DAP-MMA and CE39-8FMA selfoc-rod lenses are calculated. The solutions of chromatic aberration equations in specific cases are given.
EFFECTS OF COULOMB INTERACTION ON THE STIMULATED SCATTERING BY RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON BEAMS
Authors: SHEN WEN-DA  , ZHU SHI-TONG  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

The effects of Coulomb interaction on the stimulated scattering by relativistic electron beams are investigated. The analytical expression for reflected laser field is obtained in the case of monoenergetic electron beam. It is shown that the contributing factor characteristic of Coulomb interaction is proportional to the square of electron density. If the electron density is relatively high and the incident radiation intensity is relatively low, the contribution of Coulomb force will be significant and its effects cannot be neglected.
ON THE THIRD ORDER OPTICAL NONLINEARITY OF SEMICONDUCTORS NEAR ITS ABSORPTION EDGE
Authors: GAN ZI-ZHAO  , YANG GUO-ZHEN  ,   (1)北京大学物理系; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A theory is proposed about the third order optical nonlinearity which is induced by the saturation effect of interband transitions in semiconductors near the absorption edge. The value of the exceptionally large nonlinear refractive index of InSb is given.
THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND SUPERCONDUCTING-NORMAL TRANSITIONS OF FAST QUENCHED Al-Si-Ge
Authors: CHEN XI-SEN  , GUAN WEI-YAN  , YI SUN-SHENG  , WANG ZU-LUN  , LIN YING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The microstructure and superconducting-normal transitions of fast quenched Al-8.3 at%Si-8.5at%Ge have been studied. Structural analysis of the samples indicated that Al-Si-Ge alloy consists of two phases: an amorphous phase and a supersaturated α-Al (Si, Ge) solid solution. After heat treatment at 100℃ for 50 hr, a double superconducting transition can be observed in both their resistance-temperature and resistance-intensity of magnetic field characteristics.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF LIQUID METALS AND AMORPHOUS SOLIDS-COHERENT-POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION
Authors: ZHANG ZHAO-QING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

A tight-binding model is used to obtain the electrical conductivity for liquid metals and amorphous solids within the framework of coherent-potential approximation. Following the method developed in our previous paper, the approximated equations for averaged two-particle Green's function of a lattice-gas model are obtained with short-range order for atoms included. The corresponding equations for liquid metals and amorphous solids are reduced by taking the limit of the lattice-gas model. Since the self-consistent equations so obtained contain all single-site diagrams, they have all the properties of the coherent-potential approximation.
THE BOSON BOUND STATES IN KERR METRIE
Authors: ZHANG SHI-WEI  , SU RU-KENG  ,   (1)复旦大学物理系; (2)上海市化工学校
Published: November 2020

The massive and massless boson bound states in Kerr metric are discussed. It is found that the massless boson cannot be attracted by Kerr black hole to form bound states. In extreme Kerr geometry and large l cases, our results are in agreement with that of deFelic's, but we extend his result to arbitrary l and non-extreme Kerr geometry. For massive bosons, if the bound state conditions are satisfied, it is possible to form bound states in the extreme Kerr metric. Its energy mode, wave functions and bound states conditions are given.
SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK DYE LASERS
Authors: PAN SHAO-HUA  , HAN QUAN-SHENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Using semiclassical theory to treat the distributed feedback dye laser, we obtain nonlinear wave-coupling equations and the corresponding analytical solutions as well as the threshold relation. Some physical phenomena such as spatial hole burning and mode-competition are analyzed.
THE SPACE-TIME CORRELATION OF THE FLUCTUATION IN A CHEMICAL REACTION SYSTEM (II)——THE CRITICAL BEHAVIOR OF NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS
Authors: HUO YU-PING  , ZHANG CHENG  ,   中国科学院等离子体物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Based on the theory developed in the first paper of this series, we have discussed the influences of the fluctuation waves on the critical behavior of a non-linear chemical reaction system. For this purpose, the usual bifurcation theory has been further developed and some divergence problems has been eliminated by renormalization.Taking the trimolecular model as the concrete object, the stability of the homogeneous steady state has been analysed in detail, and, in addition, we also discussed the possibility that the space structure of the density and fluctuation for a simpler case could appear.
ON THE PHASE RETRIEVAL PROBLEM OF THE SPATIAL CORRELATION FUNCTION IN OPTICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: ZHAN DA-SAN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we generalize the method proposed in [1] to solve the phase retrieval problem of spatial correlation functions in optical systems. A set of equations for determining the phase of the correlation functions is given. Using these equations and the iteration computing method, the phase of correlation functions can be determined. It can be shown that, if the transmission matrix K is unitary, in the coherent limit, the equations derived in this paper turn out to be that obtained in [1].
THE PHENOMENA ON TARGET IRRADIATED BY INTENSE CO2 LASER
Authors: XIA SHENG-JIE  , WANG CHUN-KUI  , FU YU-SHOU  , WU BAO-GEN  , FANG HUI-YING  , ZHOU GUANG-DI  ,   中国科学院力学研究所
Published: November 2020

In the investigation of the interaction of the intense CW and pulsed CO2 laser with targets, we have studied first the phenomena on targets and observed the forming-time of the crater and the processes of torsion of the direction of the laser plume produced by CW laser. We have also observed the development of the plasma, the air breakdown and the unluminous phenomena such as the plume and shock-wave produced by pulsed laser etc.The device of the framing high-speed interferography with pulsed He-Ne laser was used.
FLUCTUATIONS IN REACTION-DIFFUSION SYSTEM
Authors: CHEN SHI-GANG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we use the Fokker-Planck equation, which is derived from the Master equation and has a diffusive fluctuation term, to discuss three chemical models' fluctuation under different situations. We point out: the fluctuation near equilibrium is local and Gaussian; as the system deviate from equilibrium, the fluctuations appear correlative at different points in space; Schlogl's trimolecular model has non classical exponents; but Schlogl's dimolecular model has classical exponents. The diversification of these fluctuations is determined by the property of the system itself. By the method used in this paper, we can treate these problems in a unified base, and, therefore, provide a solution to the question about critical exponents presented in the literature[6].
THE STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXY-CINNAMOYL PIPERIDIDE
Authors: LIN GUANG-DA  , SHEN FU-LING  , ZHENG QI-TAI  ,   (1)中国科学院上海生物化学研究所; (2)中国科学院生物物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The crystal structure of 3, 4-methylenedioxy-cinnamoyl piperidide, a clinical an-tiepiletic remedy, was determined. The molecular formula is C15H17O3N1. The crystal belongs to the orthogonal system. The space group is D24-P21 21 21. The lattice parameters are: α = 24.338 (4)?, b = 8.558 (2)?, c = 6.217 (2)?, and Z = 4. The intensity data were collected on PW-1100 automated four-circle diffractormeter. The structure was solved by the direct method (MULTAN-78), R =0.2469. The significance of the structural determinations of Cinnamamides was also discussed.
COMPUTER SIMULATIONS OF THE ANOMALOUS INTERNAL FRICTION ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTERACTION BETWEEN OSCILLATING KINKS AND MOBILE POINT DEFECTS
Authors: SUN ZONG-QI  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

Based on a simplified potential of a solute atom in the dilatation field of a kink, the general one-dimensional diffusion equation of solute atoms along the pipe of a dislocation with a moving kink was solved numerically. The instantaneous distribution of the concentration of solute atoms, instantaneous values of the dissipation of energy, of the mean damping coefficient and of the mean rigidity of an oscillating kink were calculated.Simplified approximate formulae about the mean damping coefficient and the mean rigidity were deduced from the numerical results obtained previously and in this paper, in terms of which the anomalous internal friction phenomena were explained semi-quantitatively.
ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION ON THE PHYSICAL PHENOMENON ABOUT ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN THE ANECHOIC CHAMBER
Authors: ZHANG ZHONG-PENG  ,   贵州凯山286信箱
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we discuss some physical phenomena occured in the anechoicchamber—the absorbtion and reflection of an electromagnetic wave by the absorbingmaterials, the deflection of the reflected wave polarization, the interference of waves and the complex distribution of the voltage standing waves duo to this interference. The direct wave is used as reference of all the reflected wave, only the portion of every reflected wave in the direction of the direct wave polarization is considered. Then, in the case of multi-wave interference, we obtained the equations of the field amplitude, reflectivity level, cross-polarization characteristics, path loss uniformity as well as the curves o.f natural reflectivity level, which may be used in engineering design Finally, some typical experimental results are presented.
THE STUDIES OF PHASE DIAGRAM AND CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS OF AN AMORPHOUS STATE IN THE PSEUDO-BINARY SYSTEM LiIO3-NaIO3
Authors: LIANG JING-KUI  , CHE GUANG-CAN  , ZHANG YU-LING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The phase diagram, phase transition, and formation, stability and crystallization kinetics of amorphous state in the system LiIO3-NaIO3 have been investigated. The pesudo-binary system LiIO3-NaIO3 is a eutectic one, its eutectic reaction occurs at 325℃ and the composition at eutectic point is 50 m/o LiIO3. As the melt is quenched from a temperature 150℃ higher than the melting point, an amorphous state of iodate salts is obtained for the first time. The apparent transition temperature decreases when the amorphous state exists. It is found that some factors, such as intense X-ray irradiation, various humidity and fine grain size, make the crystallization speed of amorphous state increases. Crystallization speed and perfection of LiIO3 in the amorphous state is higher than NaIO3. The process of isothermal phase transition agrees with Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation y(t) =l-exp(- btOn), when y = 0.1-0.9, where y is the quantity of crystallization. For the sample with composition of 60 m /o LiIO3, the Avrami time exponent n = 2-3 and rate constant parameter b increases exponentially with temperature. The activation energy of crystallization from amorphous state is found to be 2.21 eV.
ELECTRON STATES OF A NORMAL-SUPERCONDUCTING MULTI-FILM STRUCTURE
Authors: XING DING-YU  , GONG CHANG-DE  ,   南京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

This work is a continuation of the ref. [1, 2] and [3]. The method developed in the previous works is extended to the study of a semi-infinite n-s multi-film structure. This structure is constructed as follows. First, we obtain a crystal thin film which may be either normal or superconducting by cutting a perfect infinite crystal at two separate paralled atomic planes. And then a mixed unit O composed of a thin film A and a thin film B is formed by close metallic contact. Finally, a semi-infinite multi-film structure is constructed by placing unit O's consecutively along the direction perpendicular to the interface. The corresponding single particle Green's functions for each step have been calculated. When film A and B belong to different normal metal, the results of the numerical calculation for both the single particle density of state and the energy band of such a structure have been given. When films A and B are made of the same normal metal, the results are equivelent to that of ref [7]. Futher-more, the equations for the case that one of the thin films is superconducting have been derived. The numerical results show that 1) the whole n-s multi-film structure is superconducting, and a finite peak appears in single particle density of states near the original gap edge, 2) the whole structure is gapless just as expect.
COMMENTS ON "TRANSPORT PROCESS UNDER STRONG MAGNETIC FIELD"
Authors: CHEN SHI-GANG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

This short note is a supplement of ref. [1], it also replies some points in the paper [2]. We emphasize that in the kubo formula if we let v →∞ first and then △t→∞, the correct transport coefficient will be obtained. Expressing the transport coefficient according to the theory of approach to equilibrium can make the coefficient, which is indefinite in mechanical formalism, well definite. It is pointed out that to introduce the macroscopic current operator into the transport theory is unnecessary.
A METHOD OF SOLVING TRANSMISSION LINES OF SPECIFIC CROSS-SECTION
Authors: ZENG LING-RU  ,   成都电讯工程学院
Published: November 2020

A method is presented to solve the characteristic impedance of transmission lines of specific cross-section. In this method, we use the circle or ellipse to approximate polygonal boundaries, taking account of ′angular effect′ of the electric charge of polygonal outer conductor, and take geometric mean of the upper and lower bounds to the size of the cross-section. The formulae for calculating the characteristic impedance of five new transmission lines (i.e. with rectangular outer and elliptic inner, circular outer and equilateral triangular inner, circular outer and regular pentagonal inner, circular outer and regular hexagonal inner, elliptic outer and rectangular inner cross sections respectively and nine existing transmission lines are obtained, all expressed in terms of elementary functions. The accuracy of the expressions is confirmed by comparing the numerical values obtained with exact values of same relative problems in the literatures.
THE SUPERCURRENT OSCILLATIONS WITHIN ONE FLUX QUANTUM PERIOD φ0 FOR WEAK LINKS (I)——THE JOSEPHSON JUNCTION
Authors: ZHANG YU-HENG  , CHENG GENG-HUA  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学物理系; (2)中国科学技术大学物理系,研究生
Published: November 2020

It is pointed out that by placing a Josephson tunnel junction in a cavity, which resonates with the supercurrent of the junction, i.e., when the Josephson frequency ω=2eV0/h is equal to one of the cavity frequencies ωr, and the cavity Q-value is sufficiently high, then the oscillating electric-magnetic field excited by the junction reacts on the junction itself and produces a supercurrent oscillation with the applied external flux. Its period can be much smaller than the magnetic flux quantum period φ0.
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (Z)-l-BROMO-2-(p-CHLOROPHENYL)-l,2-DI(p-METHOXYPHENYL)-ETHYLENE
Authors: BAO GUANG-HONG  , XU CHANG-FU  , HE CUN-HENG  ,   中国医学科学院基础医学研究所
Published: November 2020

This compound (C22H18O2ClBr) is monoclinic, with space group P21/n and α = 19.502(10)?, b = 9.118(5)?, c = 11.233(6)?, β = 88.18(1)?. The structure was determined by MULTAN-80. First, the bromine atom was located on the .E-map and the remaining 26 non-hydrogen atoms were determined by weighted Fourier synthesis. The atomic parameters were refined isotropically and anisotropically for two cycles respectively, then all the hydrogen atoms were located in the subsequent difference synthesis. Full matix least square refinement was made with the non-hydrogen atoms anisotropically and hydrogen atoms isotropically, to a final discrepency factor of R = 0.0776.
SOME NEW LASER TRANSITIONS OF CHLORINE IN UV REGION
Authors: QIU MING-XIN  , ZHOU ZHEN-ZHUO  , NIU JIE-ER  ,   (1)华东师范大学; (2)上海激光技术研究所
Published: November 2020

In this note, we report five new UV laser transitions of chlorine: 394.3 nm, 367.0 nm, 365.7 nm, 307.7 nm and 306.3 nm, among which the 394:3 nm one is the strongest. It is observed that the gain of 263.3 nm transition is higher than 30% per. metre and the transition energy levels of this line are also identified.
CALCULATION OF RANGE STATISTIC PARAMETERS FOR IONS IMPLANTED IN GaAs
Authors: CHENG ZHAO-NIAN  , ZHU WEN-YU  , WANG WEI-YUAN  ,   中国科学院上海冶金研究所
Published: November 2020

Based on successive correction method, we have solved LSS equation numerically and calculated the range statistic parameters Rp,△Rp and R⊥ for ions implanted in GaAs. We propose simple formulas for initial values in calculating Rp,△Rp and R⊥; by using these formulas, the zero-energy divergence can be avoided and sufficient accuracy achieved. The expressions for β-integration are given to save computation time. Our numerical method and computer program can also be used to other ion-target systems.
THE VARIATIONS OF QUASIPARTICLE NUMBER OF SUPERCONDUCTING LEAD FILM IN NONEQUILIBRIUM PHASE TRANSITION
Authors: WEI CHONG-PE  , LUO XIAO-LAN  , MENG XIAO-FAN  , JIANG WANG-YE  , YE QING  ,   北京大学物理系
Published: November 2020

We measured the variations of quasiparticle tunneling current It of the detector junction of a Pb-I-Pb-I-Pb junction with the injection current Ii in the range Vtt and Ii is approximately parabolical, after the appearance It increases much faster. The difference △It = It-It0, where It0 is the tunneling current in equilibrium state, decreases with the decrease of temperature.
MOLECULAR AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ANCAOLIA (CRYSTAL Ⅰ AND CRYSTAL Ⅱ)
Authors: LIN XIU-YUN  , ZHANG SHU-DE  ,   中国科学院生物物理研究所
Published: November 2020

ANCAOLAN is a weed killer, its series product, the crystal Ⅰ(C11H16N2O4 PSCL) and crystal Ⅱ(C12H13P21/c. There are four molecules in a unit cell. The crystal parameters are: crystal Ⅰ α=8.575?, b= 26.541 ?, c= 7.063?,β= 94.744°; crystal Ⅱ α= 8.575?, b= 26.538?, c= 7.073?, β= 93.819°. For the crystals Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the three-dimensional intensity data were collected by using PW-1100 four-circle diffractometer and the numbers of independent diffractions are 3123 and 3166 respectively.Their structures were solved by direct method and refined by full matrix least-squares method. Their final .R-factors are 0.10 and 0.11 respectively.The plane of nitro is perpendicular to the plane of benzene ring.The weed killing effect of crystal Ⅱ is better than that of the crystal Ⅰ.
PHENOMENON OF THE DOUBLE-FEEDBACK F-P OPTICAL OSCILLATION
Authors: LI YONG-GUI  , ZHANG HONG-JUN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The F-P passive optical oscillator with two feedback circuits is described. This oscillator transforms an input with continous intensity of light into multi-vibrating optical pulses or optical sinusiodal signal output. The principle of oscillation is analysed. The experimental results in agreement with the analysis are presented.
EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION ON 3/2ω0 HARMONIC EMISSION FROM LASER PLASMA
Authors: Chen Shi-sheng  , Zhao Qin-chun  , Bi Wu-ji  , Wang Xiao-qin  , He Xing-fa  ,   中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
Published: November 2020

The measurment on the 3/2ω0. harmonic emission from laser plasma has been carried out. The experimental results show that harmonic spectra has a blue-shift of about 70? and is broadened by about 26? when power density on the target surface is about 1014W/cm2. There is a slight broadening of spectra following the increase of power density on the target surface.
MEASUREMENT OF THE ENERGY SPECTRUM IN THE 3S1 POSITRONIUM 3γ DECAY
Authors: ZHANG TIAN-BAO  , WANG SHO-JIE  , LI YAO-QING  , TANG XIAO-WEI  ,   (1)中国科学院高能物理研究所; (2)中国科学院高能物理研究所,武汉大学物理系
Published: November 2020

Using a high purity Ge spectrometer with time selection, we have measured the continuous γ ray energy spectrum from the 3S1 positronium 3γ decay in the 300-510 keV energy region. The result is in agreement within the experimental error with the quantum electrodynamic theoretical calculation.
THE INFLUENCE OF PHOTO-INDUCED REFRACTIVE INDEX CHANGE ON RAMAN SPECTRA OF LiNbO3: Fe CRYSTALS
Authors: LIU SI-MIN  , ZHANG GUANG-YIN  , WU ZHONG-KANG  , LI GUAN-GAO  , FENG SHANG-TING  , ZHANG JIA-MIN  , ZHAO JIA-NAI  , XU LIANG-YING  ,   (1)南开大学物理系; (2)天津大学基础科学系; (3)中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所
Published: November 2020

Obvious anomalous phenomenon in Raman spectrum of LiNbO3:Fe crystals for some scattering geometry has been observed. The phenomenon is associated with the anomalous light scattering process occured after photo-induced refractive index change in crystals.
CALCULATION OF RELATIVISTIC ENERGY LEVELS OF HYDROGEN ATOM BY SPINOR METHOD
Authors: XU DIAN-YAN  ,   北京大学计算机科学技术系
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the relativistic wave equation of hydrogen atom is studied in spinor formalism. The energy formula derived is the same as that derived by Γ -matrix method, but the commutation relation is not explicitly used in the calculation.
REPORT ON A NONSYMMETRICAL DOUBLE-CORE EVENT
Authors: REN JING-RU  , LU SUI-LING  , KUANG HAO-HUAI  , SU SHI  , WANG YUN-XIN  , WANG DIAN-CHEN  , XUE YONG-GUI  , WANG CHENG-RUI  , CAO PEI-YUAN  , LI JIN-YU  , LI GUANG-JU  , LIU JIAN-GUO  , GENG QING-XI  ,   (1)山东大学; (2)中国科学院高能物理研究所; (3)重庆建筑工程学院
Published: November 2020

A double core event with ∑Er≈1000 TeV, observed in MEC, is reported. The distributions of particles in the two cores are quite dissimilar from each other. The event is briefly discussed.
NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT THEORY OF A MULTICOMPONENT PLASMA
Authors: ZHOU HAI-LIN  ,   中国西南物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The neoclassical scaling relations satisfying kenetic requirements are derived for a mul-ticomponent plasma in an axisymmetric toroidal magnetic configuration, using a model collision-operator and the variational principle developed by Rosenbluth and Glasser. On the basis of these scaling relations, explicit expressions for the neoclassical fluxes of the multi-component system are obtained in terms of the component parameters nj,mj,Zj and Tj. Finally, the dependence of the neoclassical transport coefficients on the aspect ratio R/r is discussed in detail.
A STUDY OF THE PRETRANSITIONAL BEHAVIOR OF LIQUID CRYSTAL BY TIME-RESOLVED DEGENERATE FOUR-WAVE MIXING
Authors: ZHU HUA-NAN  , MI XIN  , ZHANG ZHI-GUO  , LI XI  , FU PAN-MING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Using time-resolved degenerate four-wave mixing, we have studied the pretransftional behavior of liquid crystal, MBBA, by measuring the temperature dependence of the molecular orientational relaxation time. The experimental result agrees fairly well with the theoretical prediction based on Landaude Gennes mode.
THE INFLUENCE OF IMPLANTED IONS ON THE SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION TEMPERATURE
Authors: ZHAO GUANG-LIN  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

We present a empirical relationship between the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, and the doses of implanted ions, φ, namely Tc=1.13θDexp[-1/(A/(Φ+1)+B)] In comparing with experimental results, the calculated values of Tc by this expression are found in good agreement with them. Finally, we discuss the physical base of this relationship. The analysis indicates that the existance of the impurity band near the fermi surface results in the change of Tc.
THE PHASE TRANSITION FORMING BaFe12O19 BY HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHETIC METHOD
Authors: DU YOU-WEI  , LU HUAI-XIAN  , JIANG YA-JING  , WANG TING-XIANG  ,   (1)南京大学固体物理研究所; (2)南京大学固体物理研究所,常州无线电元件六厂
Published: November 2020

The preparetion of BaFe12O19 ferrite by two hydrothermal synthetic methods is described. The phase transition is studied by magnetic analysis, X-ray diffraction, M?ssbauer effect and electron microscope.
A STUDY OF PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF GaP(N,Te,Zn) UNDER HIGH PRESSURES
Authors: ZHAO XUE-SHU  , LI GUO-HUA  , HAN HE-XIANG  , WANG ZHAO-PING  , TANG RU-MING  , HU JING-ZHU  ,   (1)中国科学院半导体研究所; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The photoluminescences of GaP (N, Te, Zn) at 77 K have been studied under high pressures. The pressure coefficients of donor Te and exciton levels bound to N, NN1, NN3, and neutral donor Te have been obtained. The pressure behaviors of these levels have been discussed. The zero-phonon line of free excitons in GaP is observed for the first time.
FRESNEL IMAGING AND PSEUDO-PHASE-CONJUGA-TION PROPERTIES OF OPTICAL ARRAY WITH LARGE RADIUS OF CURVATURE
Authors: ZHOU GUO-SHENG  , WANG SHAO-MIN  ,   (1)杭州大学物理系; (2)山西大学物理系
Published: November 2020

By using Fresnel diffraction, we get the imaging and pseudo-phase-conjugation properties of the optical array with large radius of curvature which is composed by many optical elements. It is shown that the compensation for distortion does not result from the production of the phase conjugate reflected waves, but from the interaction of retro-reflective waves.
PHASES STABILITY OF AN AMORPHOUS Co80B20 ALLOY UNDER HIGH-TEMPERATURE AND HIGH-PRESSURE
Authors: WANG WEN-KUI  , HE SHU-AN  , H. IWASAKI  , Y. SYONO  , T. GOTO  ,   (1)日本东北大学; (2)中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this work, the structures of crystalline phases formed from the amorphous Co80B20 alloy under pressures from ambinent pressure to 770 kbar has been investigated. The results obtained are compared with those on amorphous Fe-B alloys.
Efficacy of Intralesional Platelet-Rich Plasma in Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Gupta Ajay , Channaveera Chethan , Sethi Satyaranjan , Ranga Sunil , Anand Vijender
Published: November 2020

Background

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is well managed by infection control, euglycemic state, and debridement of the ulcer followed by appropriate dressing and off-loading of the foot. Studies show that approximately 90% of DFUs that are properly off-loaded heal in nearly 6 weeks. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) serves as a growth factor agonist and has mitogenic and chemotactic properties that help in DFU healing. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of local application of PRP with respect to healing rate and ulcer area reduction in treating DFUs.

Methods

Sixty noninfected patients with DFUs (plantar surface area, ≤20 cm2; Meggitt-Wagner grades 1 and 2) were randomized to receive normal saline dressing (control group [CG]) or PRP dressing (study group [SG]) along with total-contact casting for 6 weeks or until complete ulcer healing, whichever was earlier. Healing rate and change in ulcer area were evaluated weekly.

Results

Mean ± SD ulcer area at baseline was 4.96 ± 2.89 cm2 (CG) and 5.22 ± 3.82 cm2 (SG) (P = .77), decreasing to 1.15 ± 1.35 cm2 (CG) and 0.96 ± 1.53 cm2 (SG) (P = .432) at 6 weeks. Mean ± SD percentage reduction in healing area at 6 weeks was 81.72% ± 17.2% (CG) and 85.98% ± 13.42% (SG) (P = .29). Mean ± SD healing rate at 6 weeks was 0.64 ± 0.36 cm2 (CG) and 0.71 ± 0.46 cm2 (SG) (P = .734).

Conclusions

The PRP dressing is no more efficacious than normal saline dressing in the management of DFU in conjunction with total-contact casting.
Cosmic Odyssey
Authors: Schweizer Linda
Published: November 2020

From newborn galaxies to icy worlds and blazing quasars, a behind-the-scenes story of how Palomar Observatory astronomers unveiled our complex universe.

Ever since 1936, pioneering scientists at Palomar Observatory in Southern California have pushed against the boundaries of the known universe, making a series of dazzling discoveries that changed our view of the cosmos: quasars, colliding galaxies, supermassive black holes, brown dwarfs, supernovae, dark matter, the never-ending expansion of the universe, and much more. In Cosmic Odyssey, astronomer Linda Schweizer tells the story of the men and women at Palomar and their efforts to decipher the vast energies and mysterious processes that govern our universe.

Palomar was the Apollo mission of its era. The first images from the 200-inch George Ellery Hale telescope, which was the world's largest when it was dedicated in 1948, generated as much excitement as images from the moon in 1969 and from the Hubble Space Telescope more recently. So far, Palomar's “Big Eye” and three other telescopes have yielded more than 75,000 telescope-nights of precious data. Schweizer takes readers behind the scenes of scientific discovery, mapping the often chaotic process of detours, dead ends, and serendipitous leaps of insight. Although her focus is on Palomar, she follows threads of discovery across the world to other teams and observatories. Based on more than one hundred interviews and enhanced by research in scientific journals, her account paints a fascinating picture of how discrete insights acquired over decades by researchers in a global community cascade, collide, and finally coalesce into the discoveries we come to accept as facts.
Taking Hold of the Future: Active Childbirth Practices and Beliefs in Romania (in the Home Country and in Migration)
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Iaşi Branch, Romania, Hulubaş Adina
Published: November 2020

The relatively recent urbanization process in Romania allowed traditional knowledge to be transmitted, despite industrialization and technology diffusion. Childbirth is still a mysterious event, and magic thinking fills in the gaps of science in order to keep parents confident and at peace. Taboos are obeyed after birth and before christening, only to reach the phase when the future can be moulded: specific elements are chosen for the ritual bath, the child has to touch several objects that would make them smart, a good singer, etc. A year later, their future occupation will be predicted in a specific ceremony. All these active practices are found in urbanites’ families, and also in Romanian immigrant communities in Western Europe. Rituals are mostly compared to neighbouring countries, but also to other distant cultures that show striking similarities. This large geographical spread indicates Indo-European synergies. The identical form of the post-liminal practice of haircutting in Eastern Europe and the Asian rite of passage have not been previously dwelt upon, and it implies the existence of traditional thinking universalia.
Jews in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and the Russian Federation
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Kharlamova Anastasia , Novik Alexander ,   Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Published: November 2020

The aim of this essay is to present a comprehensive review of the collective monograph Evrei (The Jews), published in 2018 in the series Narody i kul’tury (Peoples and Culture). The authors give an overview of the modern developments in Jewish studies to acquaint the reader with the background of the reviewed monograph. Every chapter of the monograph is analyzed in detail, taking into account the most recently gathered ethnographic materials, such as the data recorded by Alexander Novik in Priazovye and Crimea in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the newest publications on the subject, such as a paper by Evgeniya Khazdan on Jewish traditional culture, published in 2018.
Remote sensing inversion and spatial variation of land surface temperature over mining areas of Jixi, Heilongjiang, China
Authors: Cao Jia-shuo , Deng Zheng-yu , Li Wen , Hu Yuan-dong
Published: November 2020

Background

Jixi is a typical mining city in China that has undergone dramatic changes in its land-use pattern of mining areas over the development of its coal resources. The impacts of coal mining activities have greatly affected the regional land surface temperature and ecological system.

Methods

The Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data from 2015 and 2019 were used from the Jiguan, Didao, and Chengzihe District of Jixi in Heilongjiang, China as the study area. The calculations to determine the land-use classification, vegetation coverage, and land surface temperature (LST) were performed using ArcGIS10.5 and ENVI 5.3 software packages. A correlation analysis revealed the impact of land-use type, vegetation coverage, and coal mining activities on LSTs.

Results

The results show significant spatial differentiation in the LSTs of Jixi City. The LSTs for various land-use types were ranked from high to low as follows: mining land > construction land > grassland > cultivated land > forest land > water area. The LST was lower in areas with high vegetation coverage than in other areas. For every 0.1 increase in vegetation coverage, the LST is expected to drop by approximately 0.75 °C. An analysis of mining land patches indicates that the patch area of mining lands has a significant positive correlation with both the average and maximum patch temperatures. The average patch temperature shows a logarithmic increase with the growth of the patch area, and within 200,000 m2, the average patch temperature increases significantly. The maximum patch temperature shows a linear increase with the patch area growth, and for every 100,000 m2 increase in the patch area of mining lands, the maximum patch temperature increases by approximately 0.81 °C. The higher the average patch temperature of mining land, the higher the temperature in its buffer zone, and the greater its influence scope. This study provides a useful reference for exploring the warming effects caused by coal mining activities and the definition of its influence scope.
Antifungal Activity on the Strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Phytochemical Study of Ageratum conyzoides and Newbouldia laevis from the Kisangani Region / DR Congo
Authors: Kwembe J. T. K. , Mbula J. P. , Onautshu O. , Mpiana P. T. , Haesaert G.
Published: November 2020

Aims: To extract, identify and evaluate in vitro the antifungal activity of the phytochemical groups of Ageratum conyzoides and Newbouldia laevis on the strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae.

Study Design: Exploitation of medicinal plants to combat the growth of L. theobromae, responsible for the decline of cocoa cultivation.

Location and Duration of Studies: Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, between April 2017 and February 2018.

Methodology: The crude extracts of the dry leaves of A. conyzoides and N. laevis were tested (at 100 mg/mL). Potato dextrose agar was used as the culture medium. After chemical screening, abundant phytochemical groups were isolated and tested.

Results: The aqueous, 95% ethanolic and ethereal crude extracts of A. conyzoides are more antifungal (respective percentages of inhibition PI: 80.74; 84.10 and 85.64%) than those of N. laevis (63.28; 72.64 and 75.23%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the aqueous crude extract of A. conyzoides is lower (25 mg/mL) than that of the ethanolic extract (50 mg/mL). Tannins are very abundant in A. conyzoides and in N. laevis. Saponins, sterols and terpenes are abundant in both plants. The extraction yields of tannins and saponins are respectively 20.67 and 2.43% in A. conyzoides and 10.47 and 2.38% in N. laevis. A. conyzoides contains the gallic tannins while N. laevis, the condensates and catechics. The saponins and tannins of A. conyzoides are more antifungal (respective PI: 84.40 and 54.44%) than those of N. laevis (PI: 75.56 and 32.96%).

Discussion: The saponins of A. conyzoides and N. laevis are more active on the strain of L. theobromae than the tannins. Saponins are surfactants that can destabilize membrane structure of microorganisms including fungi.

Conclusion: The saponins of the two plants have shown a very interesting antifungal power on the strain of L. theobromae. The identification of their active molecules is ongoing.
Reinterpretation of Electric Field with Quantum Fluctuations: The Mechanism of Electrostatic Force of Attraction and Repulsion Between Two Point Charges
Authors: Sim C. G.
Published: November 2020

Vacuum polarization rearranges virtual  pairs. This causes the virtual  pairs to rigidify in vacuum, reducing the quantum fluctuation energy. The quantum fluctuation energy is a fundamental force of vacuum, as evidenced by the Casimir effect. The change in quantum fluctuation energy was simulated in the superposition of the electric fields. The results show that the increase and decrease of the quantum fluctuation energy between the two point charges is related to the repulsive force and attraction in Coulomb's law.
Multiplex RNA‐based detection of clinically relevant MET alterations in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Aguado Cristina , Teixido Cristina , Román Ruth , Reyes Roxana , Giménez‐Capitán Ana , Marin Elba , Cabrera Carlos , Viñolas Nuria , Castillo Sergi , Muñoz Silvia , Arcocha Ainara , López‐Vilaró Laura , Sullivan Ivana , Aldeguer Erika , Rodríguez Sonia , Moya Irene , Viteri Santiago , Cardona Andrés Felipe , Palmero Ramon , Sainz Cristina , Mesa‐Guzmán Miguel , Lozano Maria D. , Aguilar‐Hernández Andrés , Martínez‐Bueno Alejandro , González‐Cao María , Gonzalvo Elena , Leenders William P. J. , Rosell Rafael , Montuenga Luis M. , Prat Aleix , Molina‐Vila Miguel A. , Reguart Noemi
Published: November 2020

MET inhibitors have shown activity in non‐small‐cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC) with MET amplification and exon 14 skipping (METΔex14). However, patient stratification is imperfect, and thus, response rates have varied widely. Here, we studied MET alterations in 474 advanced NSCLC patients by nCounter, an RNA‐based technique, together with next‐generation sequencing (NGS), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), exploring correlation with clinical benefit. Of the 474 samples analyzed, 422 (89%) yielded valid results by nCounter, which identified 13 patients (3%) with METΔex14 and 15 patients (3.5%) with very‐high MET mRNA expression. These two subgroups were mutually exclusive, displayed distinct phenotypes and did not generally coexist with other drivers. For METΔex14, 3/8 (37.5%) samples positive by nCounter tested negative by NGS. Regarding patients with very‐high MET mRNA, 92% had MET amplification by FISH and/or NGS. However, FISH failed to identify three patients (30%) with very‐high MET RNA expression, among which one received MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment deriving clinical benefit. Our results indicate that quantitative mRNA‐based techniques can improve the selection of patients for MET‐targeted therapies.
Silver‐Coated Disordered Silicon Nanowires Provide Highly Sensitive Label‐Free Glycated Albumin Detection through Molecular Trapping and Plasmonic Hotspot Formation
Authors: Paria Debadrita , Convertino Annalisa , Mussi Valentina , Maiolo Luca , Barman Ishan
Published: November 2020

Glycated albumin (GA) is rapidly emerging as a robust biomarker for screening and monitoring of diabetes. To facilitate its rapid, point‐of‐care measurements, a label‐free surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensing platform is reported that leverages the specificity of molecular vibrations and signal amplification on silver‐coated silicon nanowires (Ag/SiNWs) for highly sensitive and reproducible quantification of GA. The simulations and experimental measurements demonstrate that the disordered orientation of the nanowires coupled with the wicking of the analyte molecules during the process of solvent evaporation facilitates molecular trapping at the generated plasmonic hotspots. Highly sensitive detection of glycated albumin is shown with the ability to visually detect spectral features at as low as 500 × 10−9 m, significantly below the physiological range of GA in body fluids. Combined with chemometric regression models, the spectral data recorded on the Ag/SiNWs also allow accurate prediction of glycated concentration in mixtures of glycated and non‐glycated albumin in proportions that reflect those in the bloodstream.