bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quelle place pour la tolérance ecclésiastique dans la doctrine lockienne ?
Authors: Soccard Sophie
Published: April 2024

L’originalité théorique de la position de John Locke concernant sa doctrine de la tolérance conduit le philosophe d’une part à soulever le droit à exister pour des « Églises particulières » et d’autre part à ériger le processus de conviction au-dessus du contenu intrinsèque de toute croyance. Dans le raisonnement du philosophe, l’Église n’est jamais rendue superflue, car seule la pratique cultuelle démontre la sincérité de toute démarche spirituelle. En revanche, il réfute les postulats de l’autorité cléricale sur la vérité en matière de foi puisque Dieu n’aurait prescrit aucun modèle. Pourtant, la tension entre foi et connaissance se trouve amoindrie par la démonstration lockienne selon laquelle les consciences, bien que et parce que faibles, ne doivent jamais être violentées.
Les Réflexions de l’abbé Baudrand : la dénonciation du tolérantisme
Authors: Vignoles Pierre-Henri
Published: April 2024

Barthélemy Baudrand (1701 – 1787) est un théologien et écrivain jésuite. Un ouvrage est souvent cité et associé à l’abbé : les Réflexions sur le tolérantisme qui est en réalité un extrait de L’Âme affermie dans la foi. Dans cette partie de l’ouvrage qui a été diffusée séparément, l’abbé s’oppose, comme le reste de l’apologétique catholique, à l’émergence d’un « système du tolérantisme », c’est-à-dire d’une tolérance excessive, civile et ecclésiastique, qui rassemble les « ennemis de Dieu » et qui tend vers l’indifférence destructrice de la religion chrétienne. À l’inverse, cela le mène à réhabiliter une certaine intolérance religieuse et ecclésiastique.
An Experimental Investigation on the Bacterial Concrete as an Innovative Approach to Self Crack Healing System
Authors: Vettrivelou Mugil , Vijaya B. , Aruljothi M. , Janarthanan Gokulakrishnan
Published: April 2024

Concrete structure are subjected to cracks and it is one of the immanent frailties of concrete thus reduces the life of concrete structure thereby results in high replacement cost. The study was inspired by the technique to find a remedy for cracking using bacteria namely Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus on filling the voids, and the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of bacterial impregnated concrete are compared with conventional concrete. The evaluated results of strength revealed that the use of bacteria in combination showed better improvement and SEM, XRD analysis showed that the material growth, increased calcite crystalline when compared to conventional concrete.
Studies some Aspects Information Security of Wireless Communication Networks
Authors: Abaszada Elvin
Published: April 2024

The efficiency of the functioning wireless cellular networks using modern information and computer technologies is analyzed. The constituent technical components of the vector quality of functioning of a wireless network segment in the event of a threat to the security of a telecommunication system and eliminating the threat of vulnerability have been studied. Some aspects information security of wireless cellular networks are considered from the point view of the characteristics information protection system and the reliability of the communication network.
Safety of Energy Metering Systems: Optimization of Diagnostics of Measurement Channels
Authors: Bogatenkov Sergey , Gabbasova Olga , Samadov Mukhaddin , Shabiyev Elgun , Abbasov Rufat
Published: April 2024

Effective directions for ensuring safety of energy metering systems are automation and optimization of the process of diagnostics of metering channels. The aim of the research is to develop a mathematical support that allows to optimize the process of diagnostics of measuring channels in real conditions using any automated tool. The basis of the developed mathematical support is a network model of energy flows, a mathematical model for calculating energy losses at the network level and a mathematical model for calculating the power of the measuring channel. The method and algorithm of search of unreliable measuring channels allowing to minimize the labor intensity and time of professional activity in the zone of possible action of harmful factors are offered.
Radiological anatomy, variations, and clinical significance of septum pellucidum: A mini review
Authors: Siriwardana S. R. , Pathirage C. K.
Published: April 2024

The septum pellucidum is a thin translucent double-membrane structure located between the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles. This mini review explores the gross and radiological anatomy, variations, and clinical significance related to the septum pellucidum.The article elaborates on the different types of variations, including cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), cavum vergae (CV), and cavum veli interpositi (CVI). The CSP is a fluid-filled pocket located within the two leaflets of the SP. It forms during fetal development and gradually obliterates before birth. However, the fusion may be prolonged or persist into adulthood in some individuals. The CV is formed when the two commissural plates fail to fuse completely during foetal development. When associated with CSP, the CV is collectively known as the cavum septum pellucidum et vergae (CSPV). However, the isolated CV is rare. The CVI is a CSF-filled space between two tela choroidea layers and communicates with the quadrigeminal cistern, superior to the pineal gland.This article discusses the radiological features of these variations using imaging techniques such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT). Ultrasonography is particularly useful for evaluating the SP in fetuses and infants, while MRI and CT scans provide detailed visualization of the SP and its variations. The SP has the potential to be associated with cerebral anomalies, hydrocephalus, mental disorders, and neurological symptoms. Knowing the related anatomy and detection of variations using imaging modalities are crucial for accurately diagnosing and managing these conditions.
Anatomy -quiz-sagittal image from T2W MRI of the brain
Authors: Siriwardena S. R.
Published: April 2024

No abstract available
Accidental finding of an accessory mental nerve during mandibular fracture reduction
Authors: Gunasena C. , Medawela R. M. S. H. B. , Pemarathne P. W. S. T. , Kapugama K. G. K. D.
Published: April 2024

Accessory mental nerve is defined as an additional branch of the mental nerve arising from the mental foramen. The current case report describes an accidental finding of an accessory mental nerve during mandibular fracture reduction. Also reviews literature encompassing this area.
Effectiveness of thera-band exercise program and electro- physiotherapy on abductor strength of the iliotibial band in athletes with iliotibial band syndrome
Authors: Thebuwanaarachchi S. T. , Samarawickrama M. B. , Dissanayake A. , Gunawardena S. , De Silva Y. H. S. , Paris M. A. S. , Minhan M. A. M. , Ransara H. G. S. , Nisansala D. W. D.
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The iliotibial band (ITB) is a thick fascial band formed near the hip by merging the fascia of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and tensor fasciae latae muscles. Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is a common overuse injury, manifests as pain on the outer side of the knee and hip due to ITB friction with the femur. Athletes may experience reduced hip and knee mobility, potentially impacting performance. This study aims to compare the efficacy of two ITBS treatments: Thera-Band Exercise Program (TBEP) as the experimental group and Electro-Physiotherapy (EPT) as the control group.Methods: A randomized controlled trial carried out at the Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, with thirty athletes in each group. The control group received EPT, and medications, for two weeks, the experimental group received TBEP and medications for the same duration. Abductor Muscle strength assessment was conducted on Day 01 and Day 28 using handheld dynamometer (HHD)Results: The mean ages in the control and experimental groups were 24.33±6.40 years and 24.97±6.87 years, respectively. Muscle strength (N) for the control group on Day 1 and Day 28 were 99.77± 24.81 and 108.83±22.36, respectively. In the experimental group, the corresponding values were 102.50±26.71 and 147.00±29.92, respectively. The mean differences for muscle strength of two groups in D1 and D28 were 2.733(P>0.683) and 38.167(P<0.001) (RM-ANOVA). TBEP had a statistically significant effect (p=0.000), and it explained 16.8% of the variance in muscle strength. The Partial Eta Squared was 0.168.Conclusions: The Thera band program works better in improving abductor muscle strength of the athletes with ITBS compared to electro- physiotherapy.
Research abstracts presented at the Annual Academic Sessions 2023
Authors: Editor-in-Chief
Published: April 2024

NA
Increased knowledge through video-based dental health promotion: exploring the impact of new habits adaptation
Authors: Restuning Sekar , Supriyanto Irwan , Fatikhah Nurul , Chaerudin Denden Ridwan , Fatimah Siti
Published: April 2024

Education is a key factor that imparts knowledge essential for keeping pace with advancements in science and technology. One viable approach for delivering dental health education, particularly in the context of tooth brushing, is through the utilization of videos. Videos make it easier to remember and comprehend lessons as they engage multiple senses. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge enhancement achieved through the use of dental health promotion videos. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a quantitative approach, specifically a pre-test and post-test control group design. The sample, comprising 60 students, was selected through purposive sampling, wherein samples were deliberately chosen based on specific considerations. The investigation aimed to evaluate the impact of dental health promotion by utilizing online methods with videos during the adaptation period to new habits.
Telegram as a tool for nursing laboratory practice for undergraduates: Peyton’s 4-step approach
Authors: Andrayani Lale Wisnu , Rusmini Rusmini , Hariawan Hamdan
Published: April 2024

Nursing education must undergo a digital transformation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nursing laboratory practices should be conducted virtually using suitable media and methods. This study aimed to assess the impact of Laboratory Learning with Peyton's 4-step approach through the social media platform Telegram on the bathing skills of nursing students. The research followed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post approach and included a control group. The sample consisted of 60 nursing undergraduate students divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received a learning intervention using Peyton's 4-Step method via Telegram, while the control group was provided with a learning video. Instruments used included questionnaires and observation sheets developed by the researcher based on bathing skill procedures. The analyses employed the Mann-Whitney test and independent t-test, with a significance value set at <0.05. Peyton's approach via Telegram demonstrated a significant increase in students' knowledge (p=0.009) and skills (p=0.002) in bathing patients. Respondent characteristics, including gender, age, and school of origin, did not influence the results of the respondents' knowledge and skills in bathing patients (p>0.05). In conclusion, nursing education with Peyton's 4-step approach via Telegram offers an accessible platform for lecturers and students to engage in online discussions. Education can be conducted flexibly, anywhere, and anytime, with Telegram being a user-friendly social media platform.
Case Characterization and Perceptions of Athletic Trainers Regarding Medical Disqualification Following Concussion
Authors: Weber Rawlins Michelle L. , Valovich McLeod Tamara C. , Detwiler Kimberly , Schmidt Julianne D.
Published: April 2024

Context

Medical disqualification (MDQ) following concussion is a challenging decision clinicians may encounter with little evidence-based guidance.

Objective

To (1) describe the MDQ following concussion cases athletic trainers (ATs) have been involved in, (2) describe beliefs about MDQ following concussion, and (3) explore factors that ATs believed should be involved in the MDQ following concussion process.

Design

Mixed methods.

Setting

Online cross-sectional survey with follow-up semistructured interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic trainers (n = 502) employed at the collegiate setting completed a survey (completion rate = 82.3%, n = 413/502; men = 175, 34.9%; women = 235, 46.8%, prefer not to answer = 4, 0.8%; no response = 88, 17.5%; age = 35.3 ± 10.8 years). Twenty participants were also interviewed (men = 13, 65.0%; women = 7, 35.0%; average age = 40.7 ± 11.0 years).

Data Collection and Analysis

Participants completed a cross-sectional survey comprised of 3 sections of MDQ experience and specific case information, MDQ beliefs, and demographic items. We also interviewed participants who completed the survey and indicated involvement in at least 1 MDQ following a concussion case. We addressed aims 1 and 2 using descriptive statistics and aim 3 with a 5-cycle content analysis.

Results

Nearly half of respondents had been involved in an MDQ case following concussion (49.0%, n = 246; not involved = 51.0%, n = 256). Athletic trainers who had been involved in at least 1 MDQ case were involved in an average of 2.3 ± 1.9 cases (n = 241). Participants often described many factors that they believed should influence the MDQ decision, including sport type, concussion history and recovery, health-related quality of life, and academic performance.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight that nearly half of participants were involved in an MDQ case following concussion and navigated this process without guidelines. Given this, multiple factors were considered to evaluate the patient’s well-being holistically. The number of ATs involved in MDQ cases following concussion and factors that guided this process warrant further research to develop evidence-based recommendations that assist clinicians in these difficult decisions.
Exertional Heatstroke Survivors’ Knowledge and Beliefs About Exertional Heatstroke Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return to Play
Authors: Miller Kevin C. , Amaria Noshir Y. , Casa Douglas J. , Jardine John F. , Stearns Rebecca L. , O’Connor Paul , Scarneo-Miller Samantha E.
Published: April 2024

Context

Little information exists regarding what exertional heatstroke (EHS) survivors know and believe about EHS best practices. Understanding this would help clinicians focus educational efforts to ensure survival and safe return-to-play following EHS.

Objective

We sought to better understand what EHS survivors knew about EHS seriousness (eg, lethality and short- and long-term effects), diagnosis and treatment procedures, and recovery.

Design

Multiyear cross-sectional descriptive design.

Setting

An 11.3-km road race located in the Northeastern United States in August 2022 and 2023.

Patients or Other Participants

Forty-two of 62 runners with EHS (15 women and 27 men; age = 33 ± 15 years; pretreatment rectal temperature [TREC] = 41.5°C ± 0.9°C).

Interventions

Medical professionals evaluated runners requiring medical attention at the finish line. If they observed a TREC of ≥40°C with concomitant central nervous system dysfunction, EHS was diagnosed, and patients were immersed in a 189.3-L tub filled with ice water. Before medical discharge, we asked EHS survivors 15 questions about their experience and knowledge of select EHS best practices. Survey items were piloted and validated by experts and laypersons a priori (content validity index of ≥0.88 for items and scale).

Main Outcome Measures

Survey responses.

Results

Sixty-seven percent (28/42) of patients identified EHS as potentially fatal, and 76% (32/42) indicated that it negatively affected health. Seventy-nine percent (33/42) correctly identified TREC as the best temperature site to diagnose EHS. Most patients (74%, 31/42) anticipated returning to normal exercise within 1 week after EHS; 69% (29/42) stated that EHS would not impact future race participation. Patients (69%, 29/42) indicated that it was important to tell their primary care physician about their EHS.

Conclusions

Our patients were knowledgeable on the potential seriousness and adverse health effects of EHS and the necessity of TREC for diagnosis. However, educational efforts should be directed toward helping patients understand safe recovery and return-to-play timelines following EHS.
Variation in origin and course of brachial artery among black African population: Cadaveric study in Western Kenya
Authors: Ayonga Oyale Warren , Oyieko Willis , Kosiyo Paul , Marera Domnic
Published: April 2024

Background: Brachial artery (BA) is the main arterial supply to upper limb, it’s a direct continuation of axillary artery at the lower border of teres major and gives of profunda brachii which is the largest branch, superior ulnar collateral artery, inferior ulnar collateral artery, nutrient artery and muscular branches. BA presents with a lot of anatomical variants as reported by several authors though there is paucity of data on this variant anatomy among black African population. The current study evaluated variation in origin and course of brachial artery among black African population.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in three universities, in western Kenya due to their well-established functional Human Anatomy laboratory used by medical students. The study involved 77 cadavers (n=154 upper limbs) of 39 males and 38 females obtained through stratified sampling technique. Data collected was collated in excel sheet and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Descriptive statistics was used to assess frequency distribution of variant origin while Chi square was used to determine difference in proportion of normal origin and cumulative variation of BA regards with to laterality of the upper limb. Brachium region was exposed to access the brachial artery where origin and its course was assessed.

Results: Out of 154 upper limbs examined 3.8% had variation in origin of brachial artery, 2.6% showed superficial origin and superficial course of brachial artery terminating into its terminal branches. However, this variation was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: There were variations in origin of brachial artery among black African population, these variations were more on the right upper limb than the left upper limb, though not statistically significant but clinically significant, hence health care professionals, anatomists and medical students should be made aware of such variants when performing invasive procedures to avoid complications, misdiagnosis and any medical errors that might occur as a result of such variants. Understanding existence of such variants leads to good patient care and outcome after surgical and radiological procedures thus reducing misdiagnosis and mismanagement of patients.
Histo-inhibitory effects of Warbugia ugandensis on high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in New Zealand rabbits
Authors: Oyugi Spencer Opiyo , Kosiyo Paul Mboya , Marera Domnic Oduor
Published: April 2024

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by accumulation of plaque within a blood vessel. W. ugandensis has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits therefore it might play an important role in histo-inhibition of atherosclerosis. This was a posttest only true experimental design in which 30 male New Zealand rabbits were used. Systematic random sampling method was used in recruiting and assigning the animals into control and experimental groups. W. ugandensis extract was obtained, phytochemical analysis and acute oral toxicity was done to determine safe dose. The animals were fed on high fat diet to induce atherosclerosis. The mean area fraction of Atorvastatin and W. ugandensis histo-inhibitory group significantly reduced as compared to vehicle control group. On histological analysis, histo-inhibitory group had a fatty streak within the tunica intima characterized by foam cells that accumulated lipids in their cytoplasm while the atorvastatin histo-inhibitory group had less pronounced fatty streak. Therefore, it can be concluded that W. ugandensis has positive histo-inhibitory effects characterized by failure of formation of atherosclerotic lesion.
Attenuative effects of Rosmarinus officinalis on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury among adult male albino rats
Authors: Waswa Kennedy Wanyonyi , Korir Scolastica , Masoni Isaac , Khisa Allan
Published: April 2024

Gentamicin (GN) is one the first-line drugs for managing severe gram-negative bacterial infections in low-income populations, but its association with acute kidney injury (AKI) has limited its use in clinical applications. Rosmarinus Officinalis (rosemary) is a traditional herb rich in antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the histological effect of Rosmarinus Officinalis (RO) on GN has not yet been explicated. The study investigated the protective histological effect of RO on gentamicin induced acute Kidney injury in adult male albino rats of Rattus norvegicus. This study used a total of 25 rats that were systematically randomized into 5 groups of five rats each: Control received rat pellets plus water ad libitum, GN (100mg/kg/bwt/i.p), low dose RO (RO100mg/kg/bwt/po +GN), medium RO(150mg/kg/bwt/po+GN) ,and high dose RO(200mg/kg/bwt/po+GN). GN was administered intraperitoneal and RO orally for seven days. Albino rats were humanely sacrificed after 24hours of the last drug administration, blood collected for biomarkers and kidney harvested for histological examination. Histological findings in the low RO, medium RO, and gentamicin groups; the glomerulus shrunken, proximal convoluted tubules and Bowman's space were dilated, respectively, whereas those in the high-dose RO and control groups were normal and comparable.This study shows that Co-administration of a high dose of RO attenuates histological effects of Gentamicin-induced AKI among Male albino rats.
Prevalence and associated factors of occupational ocular hazards among workers in Groundnut Oil Production Industry at Dakata Sabuwar AU, Kano, North-western Nigeria
Authors: Nwakuche I.P. , Abdullahi M.Y. , Okpo Eme
Published: April 2024

No Abstract
Molecular Profile, Fuel Properties, Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics of Gasoline-Like Fuel Produced Via Cracking of Used Engine Oil Using Na-Fe3O4/HZSM-5 Catalyst
Authors: Sahabi Yaquba M. , Sokoto Abdullahi M. , Mohammed Misbahu L. , Mohamed Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2024

A vast quantity of used engine oil (UEO) is generated every day and poses a major disposal issue in modern society due to the heavy  metals and other hazardous contaminants present in it. Due to its high carbon content, UEO has great potential to be utilized as a  feedstock for fuel production. The studies on the molecular profile, fuel properties, engine characteristics of gasoline-like fuel produced  via cracking of UEO were conducted. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles was synthesized via the one-spot method using iron (III) chloride  hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) and iron (II) chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2.4H2O) as precursors, while the HZSM-5 was synthesized using Al2(SO4)3.18H2O and Na2SiO3 as sources of alumina and silica, respectively. The UEO was cracked in a fixed stainless-steel batch reactor  for 1h at varying temperature (350 – 450 ⁰C). The liquid fuel product obtained was analysed for its molecular composition using GC-MS  and FTIR, while ASTM standard procedure was used to determine the fuel properties. The results showed that the catalyst is 97.60%  selective for gasoline range hydrocarbons, which could be attributed to the high surface area of HZSM-5, which offers more active sites  for catalytic cracking. The fuel properties of the produced liquid fuel determined include specific gravity (0.76), kinematic viscosity (1.69  mm2 /Sec), flash point (-42°C), auto ignition temperature (225°C), carbon residue (0.12%), lower heating value (40,443 KJ/kg), and octane number (94). The engine characteristics results of the liquid fuel were comparable to those of commercially available gasoline. Based on  the results obtained, it was concluded that the fuel obtained could be used directly in spark-ignition engines without any negative impact  on engine performance.
Stratégies et performance économique des pme agroalimentaires privées
Authors: Ounnaci Rezki , Cheriet Foued , Khiali Lynda , Makhlouf Malik
Published: April 2024

Dans cet article, nous proposons de mettre en exergue les déterminants qui peuvent intervenir pour améliorer la performance économique des PME agroalimentaires privées algériennes. Ceci, avec une modélisation par équations structurelles (PLS-PM), suivant les hypothèses de la théorie des UET de Hambrick et Mason (1984). Le modèle a été testé, sur un échantillon de 93 PME AA. Dans un contexte émergent et peu compétitif, les résultats obtenus confirment, globalement, les hypothèses de la théorie mobilisée dans les PME. Au-delà de la théorie, l’apport managérial de l’équipe dirigeante au dirigeant-propriétaire est un atout à ne pas négliger pour améliorer la performance économique. Elle contribue au choix des stratégies et contribue à l’amélioration de l’organisation de la PME.
Econometric study using cointegration with structural breaks
Authors: Djouadi Ali , Hadroug Ahmed , Saoudi Mohamed
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the optimal size of government spending in Algeria during the period 1970-2019, following the methodology of Scully (1998, 2003) and based on the Gregory-Hansen cointegration technique, the study found that the optimal size of government spending is estimated at 26.90%, which indicates The government spending in Algeria was working outside its efficiency in most of the study periods and did not contribute to improving economic growth rates, so the government must reduce unnecessary government spending and transfer it towards development spending.
Measuring the efficiency of health services financing in Algeria using the data envelopment analysis method (DEA) an applied study of a sample of hospital institutions in the Algerian East (2019-2020)
Authors: Rezgui Nour El Houda , Khellassi Abdelilah
Published: April 2024

The study aims to show an important aspect related to the health economy in Algeria, which is a close examination of the reality of financing health services and its efficiency by measuring the efficiency of financial resources for a sample of hospital institutions, which included three states in the Algerian East during the two years 2019 - 2020. By using a program of data envelopment analysis method (DEA), and also the use of IBM SPSS Statistics.22, and the adoption of three variables representing funding amounts in sample hospitals and expressing the inputs of the model, and two variables representing health and united health activities at the level of all sample hospitals expressing the outputs of the model, it turns out that efficiency is negatively affected by the surplus sums of money, as the greater the volume of financing is, the greater waste is and thus, the efficiency goes down, and that raising the financial resources does not inevitably raise the level of health activities  practiced, and in the case of raising the unpredictable financing, as in the case of the health crisis, the spread of covid-19 virus, only small hospitals maintain their efficiency.
Frontière efficiente de Markowitz et droite de marche des capitaux : application a la bourse d’Alger
Authors: Kezzar Ramdan
Published: April 2024

La présente étude a pour but de construire la frontière efficiente et la droite de marché des capitaux pour la Bourse d’Alger en nous appuyant sur le cadre moyenne –variance de Markowitz.Pour atteindre notre objectif, nous nous sommes appuyés sur la série des cotations mensuelles des titres listés à la Bourse d’Alger durant la période 2015-2019. Après le calcul des rendements, variances et covariances des titres, nous avons procédé en deux étapes. En premier lieu, nous nous sommes occupés d’obtenir la frontière des portefeuilles efficients composés intégralement d’actions listées sur la Bourse d’Alger en utilisant la méthode d’optimisation formulée par R. Merton. Dans une deuxième étape, nous avons incorporé à ses actifs risqués, qui conforment le portefeuille de marché, l’actif sans risque représenté par l’obligation du Trésor à un an, pour obtenir la droite de marché des capitaux. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que l’effet de diversification, c’est-à-dire la réduction en matière de risque résultant d’une combinaison judicieuse de titres dans un portefeuille, est limité pour des raisons inhérentes au caractère peu développé de la Bourse d’Alger et à son fonctionnement. Des réformes en profondeur du système financier s’imposent pour l’émergence d’une véritable industrie financière en Algérie.
politiques monétaires non conventionnelles et la relance économique : étude de la politique de l’assouplissement quantitatif en Algérie.
Authors: Aiboud Kada
Published: April 2024

Le présent article traite des politiques monétaires non conventionnelles (PMNC) mises en œuvre par la Fed et la BCE, entre 2008 et 2014, face à la récession économique et la déflation engendrées par la crise financière de 2008. Il consiste à rendre compte, en suivant une approche descriptive fondée sur l'examen de nombreuses études sur les PMNC, des mesures d'assouplissement monétaires traditionnelles servant, d’une part, à influencer les conditions de financement dans les banques et les marchés financiers et, d’autre part, à favoriser la demande globale et à stimuler l'activité économique. Cette étude s’intéresse, également, à la politique de financement non conventionnel (FNC) mise en œuvre par la Banque d’Algérie de novembre 2017 à janvier 2019. Nous mettons l’accent sur les causes du recours à ce type de financement, sa conduite et les techniques mis en place pour contrôler l’inflation. Il ressort de cette étude que, contrairement au FNC en Algérie, les PMNC ont eu l’effet escompté sur la croissance économique et l’inflation, aux Etats-Unis et dans les pays de la zone euro.
Antimicrobial resistance: Threat to the world
Authors: Makonnen Eyasu , Woldie Mirkuzie
Published: April 2024

No abstract
Effect of acute kidney injury on in-hospital mortality in non-critical medical patients in a Sub-Saharan African Country
Authors: Mekonnen Nahom Desalegn , Leulseged Tigist Workneh , Mera Nebiat Adane , Berhe Helen Surafeal , Beyene Anteneh Abera , Yemaneberhan Kidus Haile , Hassen Buure Ayderuss , Abriha Feven Negasi , Getachew Lidya Zenebe , Habtezgi Birukti Gebreyohannes
Published: April 2024

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major global public health problem that affects millions of people each year and has been linked to poor prognosis in critically ill patients. As being a common complication in hospitalized patients, understanding its effect on non-critical patients is equally crucial, but there is a paucity of knowledge in this area, particularly in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of AKI on inhospital morality in non-critical medical patients admitted to a large tertiary hospital in Ethiopia.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 319 non-critical medical patients (113 with AKI and 206 without AKI) admitted between July 2019 and January 2022 was conducted. The in-hospital mortality rate was estimated using incidence density with a 95% CI. The two groups' comparability was assessed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. The effect of AKI on in-hospital mortality was analyzed using a log binomial regression model with a p-value of ≤ 0.05 determining a significant effect, and the effect was measured using adjusted relative risk (ARR) and its 95% CI.Results: The in-hospital mortality rate was 6.8 per 1000 person-days of observation (95% CI=4.9-9.4). AKI did not show a significant effect on in-hospital mortality (ARR = 0.72, 95% CI=0.30-1.71, p=0.450). On the other hand, sepsis was found to be a significant predictor, with over a threefold increase in risk of in-hospital mortality (ARR=3.47, 95% CI=1.60-7.52, p=0.002).Conclusion: With early detection and proper management, non-critical patients with AKI can have a similar prognosis as those without AKI, unlike the critical setting. However, sepsis was found to be a significant predictor of in -hospital mortality implying the need to pay special attention to the management of these cases.
Subarachnoid haemorrhage in a newly diagnosed Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia patient: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Demissie Zekewos , Alemayehu Brook , Zemedkun Nahom , Tadesse Fisihatsion
Published: April 2024

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm with a prevalence of 1 to 2 cases per 100,000 adult population. In chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), central nervous system (CNS) manifestations are reported in the advanced phase of the disease due to leukostasis, thrombosis, bleeding, infection, and CNS infiltration. However, CNS manifestations are uncommon in the chronic phase (CP) of CML, and an alternate diagnosis should be considered for symptomatic patients. We report a ruptured aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) as an initial presentation in a previously undetected CML patient.
Herpes simplex virus-1 herpetic meningoencephalitis in Adults: Three cases in Casablanca, Morocco
Authors: Hassan Kamena Mwana-yile , Badi Hanane , Lahrichi Houda , El Fadel Ouiame , Marih Latifa , Sodqi Moustapha , Soussi Abdellaoui , El Filali Kamal Marhoum
Published: April 2024

Herpes simplex virus type 1 is the first cause of acute focal encephalitis with necrosis of the cerebral parenchyma in children and adults, with high morbidity. Herpes simplex virus type 2 is the main cause of herpetic meningitis in adults, with a good evolution. Herpetic meningoencephalitis is rarely caused by HSV-1. We report three observations of PCR-confirmed HSV-1 meningoencephalitis in cerebrospinal fluid in young immunocompetent adults aged 27, 53, and 58. They presented with a meningoencephalitis picture consisting of a meningeal syndrome and encephalic involvement. Lumbar puncture confirmed lymphocytic clear-fluid meningitis, with a median white blood cell count of 97, red blood cell count of 69, proteinorachia of 0.78, and glycorachia of 0.62. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging is the gold-standard neuroimaging technique in the management of herpetic meningoencephalitis. Early initiation of acyclovir has contributed significantly to improved patient outcomes and prognosis. Herpetic meningoencephalitis is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency, with a very poor functional prognosis, particularly in terms of complications.
Effects of powdered Monosodium Glutamate (MGS) on growth performance, feed digestibility, haematology and carcass characteristics of Weaner rabbits in northern Ghana
Authors: Nagbila D.A. , Cudjoe S. , Ansah T.
Published: April 2024

The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary monosodium glutamate (MSG) on feed digestibility, haematological  parameters and carcass characteristics of weaner rabbits. Sixteen (16) New Zealand White rabbits with an average initial weight of  612.5±9.1 g were randomly assigned to 4 treatment diets in a completely randomized design with 4 replicates in each group. The control diet (T0) contained 0 g of MSG/kg of feed whilst the treatment diets, T1, T2 and T3 contained 0.2 g, 0.4 g and 0.6 g of MSG/kg of feed  respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 46 days, feed intake and apparent nutrient digestibility were not affected by the MSG. There were  no significant differences (p>0.05) among the treatment diets for weight gain, average daily weight gain and final weight gain. The  final weight gain for the control diet was 999 g whilst MSG included diets ranging from 982 g to 1023 g. The addition of MSG to the diets  did not increase feed intake, and had no negative effect on haematological parameters, weight gain and carcass characteristics.
Determination of most suitable methodology for measuring docility in guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) in Ghana
Authors: Dramani W. , Husein S.M.A. , Birteeb P.T.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research was to study the effect and most suitable methodology in measuring docility of Guinea fowls in Ghana. The study was carried out at the Poultry Section of the Department of Animal Science Education, University of Education, Winneba, Mampong- Ashanti campus in Ghana. Docility was measured on a 4-point scale as docile (1), flighty (2), restless (3) and aggressive (4). Seventy-nine  (79) Guinea fowls of local varieties of average age 10 months were consecutively tested for docility twice a week for four weeks. The birds  were tested for behavioural docility in a Completely Randomised Design experiment. Data were analysed using SAS and separation of means was done using LSD. The research revealed that the test criterion had significant (p<0.05) effect on docility. Based on this  observation, each individual criterion was unique and can be used independently for the assessment of docility status of the birds. The  Human Presence Test (HPT), Novel Object Test (NOT), Contact Test (CT), and Handling Test (HT) produced consistent docility. The HPT,  NOT and CT were similar in effect. The method that produced the greatest impact on the birds was HT and hence not suitable for  assessing docility of birds. If the test methods are to be used individually, HPT, NOT and CT will be ideal. The most suitable pair of  methods that assesses the underlying docility trait very effectively was HPT with NOT and is therefore recommended as the best suitable  pair for cage docility scoring. The research revealed that the test criterion of docility (method of assessment) has to be chosen carefully to  be used to assess or measure docility of birds.
Polymorphism of selected candidate genes in Ghanaian sheep breeds
Authors: Bekoe E.S. , Kayang B.B. , Adenyo C.
Published: April 2024

Polymorphisms of candidate genes BMP15 and GDF9, GH and CAST that influence fecundity, growth, and carcass traits, respectively, were  studied in two Ghanaian sheep breeds to determine whether these breeds were polymorphic or monomorphic at the above gene  loci. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from 63 Sahel and 49 Djallonké sheep and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction –  restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Restriction enzyme digestion of the BMP15-FecXB locus revealed two  genotypes (AA and AB) in both populations with genotype AA recording the highest frequency in both populations. At the BMP15- FecXG  locus, genotype Gg had the highest frequency (0.548) in the Djallonké population whereas GG frequency (0.719) was the highest in the  Sahel population. Analysis of GDF9-FecGH with DdeI endonuclease also revealed two genotypes, AA and AB in both populations with the  genotypic frequency of AA being the highest in both populations (Sahel= 0.933 and Djallonké= 0.98). At the GH gene locus, restriction  digestion with HaeIII showed three genotypes (AA, AB, BB), with genotype AB recording the highest frequency in both populations. In  addition, PCR-RFLP analysis at the CAST-MspI gene locus showed three genotypes (MM= 0.048, MN= 0.919, NN= 0.032) in the Sahel  population whereas only two genotypes (MM= 0.367, MN= 0.633) were observed in the Djallonké population. Results from this study  showed that the selected candidate genes were polymorphic in the two studied sheep breeds of Ghana. These results will form the basis  for candidate gene association studies in the two sheep breeds.
Understanding Lower Limb Amputation: A Review of the Strategies for Healthcare Improvement, Prevention, and Management
Authors: Okesina A. A. , Nsubuga I. , Omoola O. O. , Okesina H. A.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Lower limb amputation (LLA) is a global health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. Factors such as diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, infections, and improper medical practices also contribute to Lower limb amputation. The personal, family, and socio-economic costs associated with amputation are substantial, emphasizing the need for preventive measures, improved healthcare resources, and support for amputees. METHODS: A literature review of Lower limb amputation and its associated risk factors, which focuses on hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetic complications, Indigenous ethnicity, and foot infections. RESULTS: It was revealed that the socio-economic impact of Lower limb amputation includes job loss and financial burdens. Also, access to rehabilitation services, stigma, and marginalization further complicate the lives of amputees. Furthermore, peripheral vascular disease is a significant risk factor, and chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes leads to diabetic foot syndrome and subsequent amputations. Lower limb amputation has a profound impact on quality of life and psychological well-being, particularly in rural areas where manual labor is prevalent. Strategies to address Lower limb amputation include prevention and management of diabetes-related complications, improved healthcare access, and awareness programs. Public health initiatives, health education campaigns, early detection, and affordable healthcare are also crucial in reducing amputation rates. Specific interventions for diabetic foot care, timely surgical intervention, and preserving limb length and function are important considerations. CONCLUSION: Multifaceted strategies are necessary for the effective management and prevention of lower limb amputation.
Histological and immunohistochemical study of the neuroprotective potentials of trans-cinnamaldehyde in Wistar rat model of insulin resistance
Authors: Olorunnado S. , Akinola O.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of insulin resistance is on the increase globally. Earlier reports linked impaired insulin signaling and glucose intolerance to cognitive decline, suggesting that improving insulin signaling could enhance neuronal survival. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) is an active component of cinnamon and has many pharmacological importance. However, the effects of TCA on insulin resistance-induced neurodegenerative changes are unclear. This study, therefore, aimed at evaluating the effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde on hippocampal histoarchitecture in insulin-resistant rats. METHODS: Twenty adult Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and then injected with a low dose of STZ (30 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally). 60mg/kg of TCA was orally administered once daily for 4 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were used to investigate the ameliorative potentials of TCA on the hippocampus of Wistar Rats. RESULTS: TCA administration to insulin-resistant rats histologically and immunohistochemically reduced pyknosis, astrogliosis, and neurodegenerative changes in the hippocampus when compared with untreated insulin-resistant rats. CONCLUSION: TCA prospect as a novel therapy in insulin-resistant subjects with neurogenerative diseases could be further explored.
Tempus fugit, aeternitas manet: The Ambivalence of Time in Thomas of England’s Tristan
Authors: Gorecka-Kalita Joanna
Published: April 2024

In his Confessions, Saint Augustine formulates the idea of human time as distentio animi (extension/distraction of the soul/spirit), which he contrasts with divine eternity. The opposition between the temporal and subjective ‘earthly’ and the eternal ‘heavenly’ is part of the Augustinian ‘analogical matrix’ that has been part of the framework of Western thought for more than a millennium. Medieval thought on time is situated within this framework, although other influences should also be added (e.g. the archaic conception of cyclical time perceptible in the liturgy), and its characteristic duality is reflected in literary texts. This article aims to demonstrate the exceptional complexity and originality of the reflection on time in Thomas of England’s Tristan, as well as its links with the Augustinian matrix. The analysis focuses on a double temporality contained in the narrative: one, linear and subjective at the same time, tends inexorably towards death; the other ntroduces a dimension of eternity through the ideal of love, represented by the golden ring, whose role goes beyond a symbolic function, since it can revive the past and determine the future. In this way, Thomas offers a substitution of the elements of the Augustinian matrix, replacing the divine absolute by that of the fin’amor raised to the level of the spiritual ideal.
La funzione metapoetica del mito di Giasone nella Commedia di Dante
Authors: Maślanka-Soro Maria
Published: April 2024

In this article I analyse and interpret three passages from Dante’s Paradise containing more or less explicit allusions to the myth of the Argonauts, which Dante knew from Ovid’s Metamorphoses. All three are intertextual and occur at key points in the Canticle of Light, performing a meta-poetic function. They pertain to the essence and objectives of Dante’s poetry and its pioneering character, both in terms of subject-matter and means of expression, particularly for the depiction of the visions of Paradise. Dante makes use of the metaphor of sailing the seas, which had been a topos of literary creativity since ancient times, and compares his own poetic exploit (The Divine Comedy) with the quest for the Golden Fleece conducted by Jason. Yet at the same time Dante distances his own work from the feat accomplished by the captain of the Argonauts.
Androgynes cyberespaces dans Sphinx d’Anne Garréta
Authors: Zioło Małgorzata
Published: April 2024

The novel of Garréta refers to the figure of cyborg, creature emerging in collective imaginary due to unprecedented development of science. Hybrid, created from combination of men with highly developed technology, forces to define modern forms of existence and other forms of social relations. This new ontological status of human beings abolishes previously known borders, traditional divisions and the way of thinking based on binary polarities. Characters from the novel of Garréta live in an urban agglomeration where it is difficult to distinguish physical spaces from illusory artificial reality. The most striking is the indeterminacy on language’s level – in the text, there are not any grammatical determinants attributes to male or female subject; the entire text of the novel does not contain a grammatical clue to identify the character’s gender. In this way, cyborg shows as modern incarnation of the ancient myth of androgyne.
A Strong Bisimulation for a Classical Term Calculus
Authors: Bonelli Eduardo , Kesner Delia , Viso Andrés
Published: April 2024

When translating a term calculus into a graphical formalism many inessential
details are abstracted away. In the case of $\lambda$-calculus translated to
proof-nets, these inessential details are captured by a notion of equivalence
on $\lambda$-terms known as $\simeq_\sigma$-equivalence, in both the
intuitionistic (due to Regnier) and classical (due to Laurent) cases. The
purpose of this paper is to uncover a strong bisimulation behind
$\simeq_\sigma$-equivalence, as formulated by Laurent for Parigot's
$\lambda\mu$-calculus. This is achieved by introducing a relation $\simeq$,
defined over a revised presentation of $\lambda\mu$-calculus we dub $\Lambda
M$.
More precisely, we first identify the reasons behind Laurent's
$\simeq_\sigma$-equivalence on $\lambda\mu$-terms failing to be a strong
bisimulation. Inspired by Laurent's \emph{Polarized Proof-Nets}, this leads us
to distinguish multiplicative and exponential reduction steps on terms. Second,
we enrich the syntax of $\lambda\mu$ to allow us to track the exponential
operations. These technical ingredients pave the way towards a strong
bisimulation for the classical case. We introduce a calculus $\Lambda M$ and a
relation $\simeq$ that we show to be a strong bisimulation with respect to
reduction in $\Lambda M$, ie. two $\simeq$-equivalent terms have the exact same
reduction semantics, a result which fails for Regnier's
$\simeq_\sigma$-equivalence in $\lambda$-calculus as well as for Laurent's
$\simeq_\sigma$-equivalence in $\lambda\mu$. Although $\simeq$ is formulated
over an enriched syntax and hence is not strictly included in Laurent's
$\simeq_\sigma$, we show how it can be seen as a restriction of it.