bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Socio-economic Characteristics and Husband Support with Inclusive Antenatal Care (ANC) at South Denpasar Health Centre III
Authors: Dewi Mira Kristiani , Widarini  , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Maternal mortality is one of indicators within the millennium development goals. In Indonesia, the first point of entry for maternal health care is through midwives working from health centres. Comprehensive antenatal care is extremely important in order to ensure a healthy and natural pregnancy. This study explored the relationship between socio-economic characteristics and the support of husband with inclusive antenatal care in South Denpasar III Community Health Centre.

Methods: This study was cross-sectional using a quantitative approach among sixty nine espondents whom were selected using simple random sampling. Data was collected guided questionnaires and secondary data was obtained through clinic records. Data was processed using univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. 

Results: Results indicated that there is a relationship between knowledge (p=0.045), attitude (p=0.039), education (p=0.007), income (p=0.013) and husband support (p=0.011) with the regularity of antenatal care access by expectant mothers. Whereas age, parity and occupation were not influential factors. 

Conclusion: Husband support plays the most dominant role in influencing the inclusivity of maternal antenatal care.
The Association of Individual Factors and Organization Culture and Approach with Nursing Quality of Care in Ganesha Public Hospital, Gianyar
Authors: Prihandhani I Gusti A. Ayu Sherlyna , Nopiyani Ni Made Sri , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Satisfaction survey among patients of the inpatient unit at Ganesha Public Hospital indicated lack of caring behavior among nurses. This study aims to reveal level of quality of care and the factors associated with related behavior among inpatient ward at Ganesha Public Hospital.
Methods: The study used cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires among 48 inpatient nurses during November-December 2014. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to determine factors associated with caring behavior of nurses.
Results: The study found that 56.3% believed they provided a relatively high quality of care and 54,2% of nurses indicated a positive perception of the organization culture. Result of multivariate analysis indicated that only rewards system is independently associated with caring behavior of nurses (adjusted OR=23,39; 95%CI: 1.53-356.94; p=0,023).
Conclusion: It was evident that nurses’ practice toward caring behavior is related to their attitude toward the rewards system of nurses’ performance.
Factors Associated to Implant Use among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Banyuwangi
Authors: Nuzula Firdawsyi , Widarini Ni Putu , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The proportion of implant use at Tegalsari District of Banyuwangi has increased year by year until it reached 17% in 2013. This proportion was much higher than the national and provincial rates. This study aims to determine factors related to implant use among married women of reproductive age at Tegalsari District of Banyuwangi.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 198 married women of reproductive age who were using contraception at Tegalsari district. Data was collected by conducting interview in each respondent’s house using a structured questionnaire. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine frequency distribution of each variable, bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors that independently associated to the use of implant using logistic regression.
Results: The proportion of implant use in women of reproductive age at Tegalsari District was 21.21%. Multivariate analysis indicated that the statistically significant factors associated with implant use were cultural value with adjusted OR=3.59 (95%CI: 1.44-8.94), knowledge on implant with adjusted OR=15.10 (95%CI: 3.44-74.40), role model with adjusted OR=3.43 (95%CI: 1.47-8.06) and information from health workers with adjusted OR=3.13 (95%CI: 1.16-8.44).
Conclusion: Factors related to implant use among married women of reproductive age were supported cultural values, role model, good knowledge about implant and information from health workers.
Perceptions of Community Health Center’s Workers on National Health Insurance (JKN) Healthcare Services Payment System in Karangasem Regency
Authors: Hendrayani Ni Wayan Ani , Indrayathi Putu Ayu , Wijaya I Putu Ganda
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: National Health Insurance (JKN) healthcare services payment system is a financial compensation given to employees of health centers through an allocation system implemented by the Ministry of Health Regulation (Permenkes No. 28 of 2014). This study aims to explore health care workers perception of the JKN health care services payment system.
Methods: In-depth interviews conducted among 12 participants selected purposively namely heads of health centers (doctors and public health graduated), medical personnel, paramedics, other health professionals, non-health personnel (both civil servants and noncivil servants). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis approach presented narratively.
Results: Participants intimated that the amount of points based on the variable of kind of personnel and/or positions were not proportional/not in accordance with the actual condition of the health center. The use of attendance rates made for an unconducive atmosphere as it was evident that this variable was not applied to all employees but only to the central health centers. The differentiation of employment status with the same workload, and the uneven amount of points and grouping of years of service rather than workload was viewed as unfair and bias by respondents therefore they believed this needs further assessment.
Conclusion: The allocation of the JKN health care services payment system was perceived as prejudicial by the employees of the health centers in Karangasem Regency. The amount of points distributed were not proportional to the type of personnel and/or position, and the use of the level of attendance, differentiation of employment status, grouping of years of service not based on workloads were all issues raised by respondents.
Relationship between Implementation of Public Health Center Management, Work Commitment and Quality of Medical Services in Public Health Centres, Karangasem, Bali
Authors: Artini Komang , Suarjana I Ketut , Wijaya I Putu Ganda
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Quality of health services in the public health centers in Karangasem remain a public health concern. Preliminary findings indicated there was a problem regarding implementation of health center management and working commitment of staff. This study aims to determine the association between quality of medical services, the implementation of health centre management and working commitment of staff.
Methods: Study was cross-sectional among 61 doctors and nurses at 12 public health centres who were selected purposively. Data were collected from February to March 2015 using questionnaires. Data analysis using logistic regression to examine the relationship between the quality of medical services with the implementation of health center management and working commitment of staff.
Results: Findings indicated that the quality of medical services, the implementation of health centre management and working commitment of staff were relatively low. The quality of medical services provided was found associated with working commitment of staff (AOR=11.3; 95%C: 1.75-73.06) and not associated with implementation of health center management (AOR=0.9; 95%CI: 0.18-5.24).
Conclusion: The quality of medical services provided was found associated with working commitment of staff and not associated with implementation of health center management.
Factors Associated with the Quality of Pharmacy Service Provision in Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Novianita Made , Sutarsa I Nyoman , Adiputra I Nyoman
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The approach of pharmacy service provision has shifted from rudimentary medicine distribution to becoming more patient centered. The objective of this study was to explore the factors that affect the quality of pharmaceutical care in pharmacist owned and managed (APA) pharmacies in Denpasar.
Methods: Study was cross-sectional with 68 samples collected by systematic random sampling among 214 pharmacies at Denpasar City. Data was collected by interview with pharmacists, selfadministered- questionnaires to their staff and observation regarding the quality of services. Bivariate data analysis was conducted using chi square test and multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression.
Results: Findings indicated that 48.5% (33 pharmacies) provide poor quality services. The presence of APA, the status of APA and the ownership of pharmacy affected the quality of pharmacy service. Multivariate analysis indicated that ownership of pharmacy was the most dominant variable impacting upon quality of pharmaceutical care (AOR=7.04; 95%CI: 1.5-33.8).
Conclusion: The ownership of pharmacy affected the quality of pharmaceutical service provision in Denpasar.
Predisposing Factors of the Head of Family with Bali ID Card to Join the National Health Insurance (JKN) Program: A Qualitative Study in Health Centre I North Denpasar
Authors: Pemayun Cokorda Istri Mita , Januraga Pande Putu , Sudewi Ni Made Ayu Sri Ratna
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Since 2010, The Government of Bali has implemented local health financing (JKBM) to provide free health care services for Bali’s citizen, meanwhile, since 2014 the central government has started to implement the National Health Insurance program (JKN) based on participant’s monthly contribution. Although JKBM still available until 2017, there is a phenomenon of people who have Bali ID card turned into JKN. This article explores predisposing factors of the family head with Bali ID cards so that they switched into JKN scheme with relatively the same medical services and facilities.
Methods: Interviews were conducted with purposively selected participants through the exit interview by using in-depth interview guide to 13 participants of JKN, three region leaders, three participants of JKBM and one public health central officer. Data were analyzed thematically and presented in a narrative form.
Results: The interviews showed that participants who switched to JKN are concerned with sustainability and the quality of services in JKBM program. Participants perceived high vulnerability to disease from previous experience using JKBM program.
Conclusion: Based on the consideration of participants to switch the membership becoming independent JKN Class III, it can be recommended improve the cooperation among stakeholders to enhance the socialization of JKN especially through the involvement of listed participants who already used JKN program.
Factors Associated with Rabies Dog Vaccination Practices in Bebandem
Authors: Sudiatmika I Nyoman , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Kardiwinata Made Pasek
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The first reported case of rabies in Bali was in November 2008, wherein previously in Bali was declared rabies free. The epidemic spread rapidly to all district, including Karangasem regency. By December 2015 there were 163 reported rabies cases and all of them were infected through dog bites. It was estimated that there were 411,153 domestic canines in Bali. From 2009-2015 the immunization coverage in dog was reported 55.0-76.9%. This study aims to determine the proportion of households in the district of Bebandem that have vaccinated their dogs and the factors that influence the decision to vaccinate.
Methods: The study was cross sectional and carried out in two villages in the district Bebandem with a sample of 110 families randomly selected. Data was collected through interviews regarding socio-demographic variables, knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, types of vaccination facilities, distance from vaccination facility and information received from the Departement of Agriculture/head of village. Multivariate analysis was done using poisson regression to determine the relationship between these variables with their dog vaccination for rabies.
Results: Results indicated that 88% of households vaccinated their canine pets. Multivariate analysis showed that factors associated with the administration of the rabies vaccines were: having attended education session (APR=2.37; 95%CI: 1.34-4.18); family income (APR=1.16; 95%CI: 1.03-1.31); and perception (APR=3.09; 95%CI: 1.20-7.97). There was no significant relationship between education, knowledge and attitudes towards rabies vaccination in dog.
Conclusion: Factors associated with dog rabies vaccination practice were having attended education session, family income and perception.
Agreement Analysis of Energy and Protein Contents during Medical Nutrition Therapy at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar
Authors: Laksmini Putu Ayu , Nopiyani Ni Made Sri , Weta I Wayan
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Medical nutrition therapy at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar consists of diet prescription, food labelling, food portion, and food serving. Nutrition assessment has been carried out based on the minimum service standards of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2013, but agreement assessment of energy and protein contents has never been performed in the provision of medical nutrition therapy. The study was conducted to determine the compatibility of energy and protein contents of the diet prescription until the food is served in hospitalized patients who received medical nutrition therapy at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 50 samples of food served with prescribed diet by clinical nutrition specialists at Sanglah Hospital selected by consecutive sampling. Data were collected using observation sheets filled by surveyors and analyzed using Bland Altman Test.
Results: There was compatibility of the contents of energy and protein in the provision of medical nutrition therapy of diet prescription with food labelling (energy r=0.43; p=0.04, protein r=0.48; p=0.02), food labelling with food portion (energy and protein r=1.00; p=0.00), food portion with the food serving (energy r=0.48; p=0.03, protein r=0.50; p=0.01), and from diet prescription until the food is served (energy r=0.52; p=0.04, protein r=0.57; p=0.02). Although there is a strong agreement, there is mean value difference which is clinically acceptable.
Conclusion: Energy and protein content in the prescribed diet until the food is served at Sanglah Hospital were compatible. The medical nutrition therapy is appropriate and should be evaluated continuously to improve the quality of services at the tertiary level.
Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers who Work at Home at Tabanan Regency
Authors: Subratha Hesteria Friska Armynia , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Working mothers and mothers who leave their babies in their home for more than 8 hours a day almost do not exclusively breastfeed their babies. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers who work at home and factors associated with it.
Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted by convenience sampling of 132 mothers with 6-12 months babies at Puskesmas Marga I Tabanan Regency from March-April 2016. The data was collected by interview about social-demographic characteristic,knowledge, perception, pregnancy and maternity counseling, early breastfeeding initiation, families support, medical assistant and exclusive breastfeeding. The data analyzed by univariate, bivariate, multivariate using STATA 12.1. Chi square applied in bivariate analysis and poison regression applied in multivariate analysis.
Results: Proportion of respondents who exclusively breastfeed their babies for 6 months was 66.67%. Reasons for not exclusively breastfeed were not enough breastmilk (32.58%), no breastmilk (13.64%), families suggestion (8.33%), babies refused breastmilk (6.06%), health provider suggestion (2.27%) and to avoid the shape change of the breast (1.52%). Multivariate analysis found that variables associated with the exclusive breastfeeding were parity (APR=1.50; 95%CI: 1.01-2.15), early breasfeeding initiation (APR=1.80; 95%CI: 1.13-2.90) and families support (APR=1.4; 95%CI: 1.10-1.76).
Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding were parities less than 3, early breasfeeding initiation and families support.
Risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetes mellitus patients in Denpasar City
Authors: Dewi Desak Putu Risna , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is more common in developing countries, including Indonesia. Denpasar City contributes the most on the total number of TB patients in Bali Province. There is evidence on increased burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with TB comorbidity. This study aims to examine risk factors of TB among DM patients.
Method: A case control study was conducted in Denpasar City. A total of 135 samples, 45 cases and 90 controls, were recruited to participate in the study. Cases were DM patients with TB comorbidity and were taken from patients register from 2013 to 2015. Controls were DM patients without TB comorbidity and were taken from Bali Province screening operational study. Data were collected using interviews, observations, measurements and document review. Data were analysed using bivariate analysis and multivariate with logistic regression model.
Results: Demographic characteristics between cases and controls were comparable in sex and family income but not comparable in age groups, education, domicile, and employment. Risk factors of TB among DM patients were house density (AOR=36.11; 95%CI: 5.0-259.9), undernutrition (AOR=24.76; 95%CI: 3.7-162.3), inadequate glycemic control (AOR=12.64; 95%CI: 2.4-66.2), and being employed (AOR=10.55; 95%CI: 1.2-92.7). TB infection among DM patients was associated with aged<60 years (AOR=7.47; 95%CI: 1.2-44.3) and being male (AOR=5.42; 95%CI: 1.2-24.0). TB co-infection among DM patients was also associated with low education level (AOR=6.96; 95%CI: 1.0-48.6), contact with TB patients (AOR=5.84; 95%CI: 0.7-46.6) and inadequate house ventilation (AOR=2.92; 95%CI: 0.6-13.1).
Conclusion: Socio-demographic characteristics, physical environments of the house and clinical conditions are risk factors of TB among DM patiens.
Evaluation of HIV screening at antenatal care settings in Denpasar City
Authors: Yuliyatni Putu Cintya Denny , Pujana Wayan , Indriani Citra
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: National strategy to increase the coverage of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) program in Indonesia is integrating the service into public health centres (puskesmas). In Bali, the integration has been started since 2014. After one year of program implementation, an evaluation was conducted in order to provide input and feedback for program improvement.
Methods: Secondary data analysis and indepth interview with 13 key informants in Denpasar City were conducted to assess input, process and output of the integration implementation.
Results: Of the 11,719 pregnant women targeted within the program, 43% were offered to undergo HIV testing and 98% of these agreed to have HIV test with 17 were found HIV positive. Interviews with key informants found that there were adequate resources both in terms of manpower, funds and equipment. Obstacles found in the implementation include different site of ANC and HIV testing facility. The other barrier was high number of pregnant mother who conducted ANC at private obstetrician which not yet included in the program.
Conclusions: Integration of PMTCT into ANC services at public health centre (PHC) is an effective way to improve the uptake of HIV screening among pregnant women. However, there is a need of effective of referral systems from private midwives and PHC satellite services. The expansion of networks into private midwives and obstetrician will be instrumental in improving performance outcomes.
Readiness of girls aged 10-12 years for an early menarche: a transtheoretical model of behavioural change analysis
Authors: Diaris Ni Made , Listyowati Rina , Januraga Pande Putu
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Studies have revealed that girls are now having menarche much younger. An early menarche put young girls at higher risk for physical and psychological problems. This study aims to explore stages of readiness of girls aged 10-12 years for an early menarche.
Method: A qualitative study was conducted in Denpasar City. A total of 20 students both from primary school and junior high school aged between 10 and 12 years were purposively selected to participate in the study. Ten students had menarche while the other 10 were yet to have menarche. Data were collected through in-depth interviews at the schools after approval from parents was obtained. Data were analysed using a thematic approach.
Results: All informants have conceded the pre-contemplation and contemplation stages. Most of them were at the preparation stage. Some children were at the action stage though some were just entered the action stage. In-depth interviews revealed that the majority of informants understood the basic knowledge of menstruation. Their mother provided information and supports after they had menarche. However, some informants stated that they were panic, ashamed, and anxious during their menarche. They also believed that several activities including washing hair, drinking icy beverages, and eating sweets were forbidden.
Conclusion: Some girls are not fully at the action stage leading to fear and shame when they had menarche. This suggests that a more comprehensive education program and psychological supports especially from mother should target younger girls to prepare them for an early menarche.
Preparedness of general practitioners in providing health services to foreign tourists in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung , Yuliyatni Putu Cintya Denny
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Bali was visited by more than 4.9 million foreign tourists in 2016. To some extent foreign tourists may need health services during their travel. This study aims to describe perception of preparedness of general practitioners (GPs) to provide health services for foreign tourists.
Methods: Surveys were conducted among foreign tourists who visited Bali in 2012 and among GPs in 2013. Self-administered questionnaires on the level of satisfaction were completed by 108 foreign tourists. Structured questionnaires exploring the travel medicine knowledge and English language proficiency were completed by 109 GPs. The experience of foreign patients was used to triangulate the response from GPs.
Result: Good satisfaction in terms of capacity of GPs to provide quality services reported by foreign tourists was varied between 76% and 85%. Assessment of level of knowledge among GPs regarding travel medicine showed that 33% GPs were having good knowledge, 55.1% fair and 11.9% poor. The proportion of correct answer of several items were low, which included recommended vaccine (11%), management of jetlag (13,8%), symptoms of barotrauma during diving (13,8%), sunburn and protection (31,2%), malaria prevention (21%), and diarrhea management (27,5%). Good satisfaction of English communication reported by foreign tourists was between 65% and 78%. Meanwhile, 60% GPs believed to have good English communication with their foreign patients.
Conclusion: Preparedness of general practitioners to deliver health services and in English communication to foreign tourists was generally sufficient. Knowledge of GPs on several aspects of travel medicine was insufficient.
Needs for sexual and reproductive health education for students with hearing impairment in Buleleng District, Bali Province
Authors: Ariantini Nyoman Sri , Kurniati Desak Putu Yuli , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Adolescents with hearing impairment face a number of exclusion due to their limitation, including lack of access to information on reproductive health. This study aims to explore needs for sexual and reproductive health education for students with hearing impairment at Singaraja.  

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted at Buleleng District. Data were collected through in-depth interviews to 19 informants. Informants were purposively selected based on their specific roles. Our informants included students with hearing impairment, head of school, teachers and parents or carers. Data were analysed using a thematic approach.

Results: The majority of students with hearing impairment had low level of knowledge associated to sexual and reproductive health. However, sexual and reproductive health practices between adolescents with and without hearing impairment were generally comparable. Needs for sexual and reproductive health education must cover several elements: (1) education material must be tailored based on age, (2) learning methods should be tailored based on their intellectual ability, and (3) learning methods must use contextual and real model approach to allow better transfer of information. Teachers faced difficulty to provide sexual and reproductive health education for students with hearing impairment even though some modules are already available.

Conclusions: The provision of sexual and reproductive health education for students with hearing impairment requires tailored material, simple and attractive learning methods, and visual media. Further analysis of the existing reproductive health education curricula for students with hearing impairment is required in order to ensure fulfilment of reproductive rights of adolescent with special needs.
Access to Health Service Related to Use of Antenatal Care Facilities at the Kawangu Health Centre, East Sumba
Authors: Adriana Nara , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The study aims to determine factors influencing the utilization of accredited government-run ANC facilities at the Kawangu Health Centre.

Methods: Research was a cross-sectional study, with a total of 85 samples taken by consecutive sampling from the Kawangu Health Centre. The dependent variable was the use government-run ANC facility at the Kawangu Health Centre. The independent variables were knowledge, awareness, attitudes, access to health services, frequency of receiving information and family support. The data were collected by interview using questionnaires. The data analysis includes univariate, bivariate (chi-square) and multivariate analysis with logistic regression.

Results: The results of the study indicated that there was a significant relationship between the use of accredited government-run ANC facilities with maternal knowledge/awareness (p=0.001), attitude (p<0.001), ability to access to health services (p<0.001), frequency of information (p=0.039), and family support (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the only significant independent variable related to the use of adequate delivery was the ability to access health services with OR =11.68 (95%CI: 1.37 to 99.89). 

Conclusion: An inability to access either due to distance to travel, lack of vehicle and/or infrastructure concerns such as poor quality/lack of roads was the dominant variable in the utilization of accredited government-run ANC facility.
Abordagem da ‘Cidadania’ no Livro Didático de Inglês – Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Lima Roniel Paniago , Silva Silvio Ribeiro da , Alves-Filho Sebastião Carlúcio , Silva Miriã Alves de Laet e , Silva José Marcos Quintino da
Published: April 2024

O propósito deste artigo é apresentar a análise de duas atividades integrantes de uma coleção de livro didático de Inglês (LDI), do 6º e 7º anos do Ensino Fundamental, observando de que modo o trabalho com textos e atividades colabora para a reflexão sobre direitos e deveres para o exercício da cidadania. A pesquisa que deu origem a este texto teve como principal contribuição discutir o fato de que o ensino fundamental deve ter como um de seus objetivos levar a uma melhor compreensão da cidadania a partir da inserção do indivíduo na prática social e política, levando-o a se posicionar de forma crítica, tornando-o capaz de ser um agente transformador do ambiente. Defendemos que a educação deve preparar os alunos para serem cidadãos ativos e responsáveis em suas comunidades. Ao lidar com conceitos sobre direitos e deveres nos materiais didáticos de inglês, os alunos podem entender como esses princípios se aplicam não apenas em sua própria cultura, mas também em contextos mais amplos. Promover a reflexão sobre direitos e deveres por meio do ensino de inglês leva os estudantes ao desenvolvimento de uma consciência mais ampla do mundo ao seu redor. Eles podem aprender a pensar de forma mais crítica sobre questões de justiça e equidade, bem como reconhecer sua responsabilidade como cidadãos para contribuir para uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva. O método de investigação utilizado é o qualitativo-interpretativista, desenvolvido por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os dados mostraram que a forma como as atividades são apresentadas favorecem algum entendimento sobre a cidadania. Mesmo assim, consideramos que a abordagem sobre o tema poderia ter sido mais bem explorada, especialmente no que diz respeito à forma como a segunda atividade ilustrativa foi apresentada.
Comprimido efervescente de Moringa Oleífera – produção e caracterização
Authors: Tan Daisy Naomi , Reis Aline Andrade Almeida , Abud Ana Karla de Souza , Santos Jucenir dos , Prado Marcelo Alexandre , Matos Patrícia Nogueira , Nunes Tatiana Pacheco , Pagani Alessandra Almeida Castro
Published: April 2024

Os produtos derivados de moringa estão ganhando popularidade globalmente, com destaque para os derivados da folha. Ela tem sido recomendada como alimento funcional ou suplemento alimentar para complementar a nutrição dos atletas – profissionais ou amadores - devido às suas propriedades nutricionais. Seu consumo na forma de cápsulas permite o uso regular e a disseminação da planta no mercado de suplementos alimentares, pois facilita o consumo em dosagens adequadas ao peso e a atividade metabólica do consumidor, que pode incluir o produto na sua dieta como alimento funcional. Todavia, dependendo do tamanho das cápsulas, a ingestão pode ser desconfortável, levando à ideia de desenvolver um comprimido efervescente para agregar valor e inovar o produto. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um comprimido efervescente da folha de moringa que atendesse aos padrões da farmacopéia brasileira. Os comprimidos foram feitos manualmente, usando pó de folhas de moringa, ácido cítrico, ácido tartárico e bicarbonato de sódio numa proporção de 1:1:1:2,4 g, respectivamente, para que se conseguisse provocar a efervescência. Os comprimidos apresentaram um tamanho médio de 2,4 cm, espessura média de 1,07 cm e um peso médio de 2,045 g. Além disso, apresentaram uma variação de ±1,5% em sua uniformidade de massa estando dentro dos 5% estabelecidos pela farmacopéia. Portanto, diante dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o comprimido efervescente de moringa se apresentou de acordo com os padrões farmacopeicos, ampliando as possibilidades de consumo. Embora tenham mudado de cor, passando de verde para um leve amarelo, os comprimidos permaneceram intactos e com um teor significativo de vitamina C. Como complemento a essa pesquisa, pode-se considerar o desenvolvimento de um revestimento para esses comprimidos.
The effect of Conocarpus lancifolius silage on blood characteristics and mineral in the blood serum of calves and an economic return
Authors: ₁Ahmed Jandel Shershab
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Conocarpus lancifolius silage on the mineralelements and blood features in calves' serum, as well as the financial benefits. The study included 12Friesian calves purchased from the local markets of Dhi Qar/Shatrah Governorate at the age of 6-8months, with an average weight of 109.33 kg. Calves were randomly divided into three treatments (4calves per treatment). The treatments were the control (50% concentrate: 50% alfalfa hay), treatment two50% concentrate: 25% alfalfa hay: 25% conocarpus silage, and the third treatment 50% concentrate:50%conocarpus silage. The feeding period was 105 days including 15 days of adaptation. The results showedthat there were no significant differences in blood characteristics (RBC, PCV, and hemoglobin) in allconocarpus silage addition treatments compared to the control group. There were no significantdifferences in the average concentration of serum calcium and phosphorus among the experimentaltreatments. However, there were significant differences (P≤ 0.05) in the sodium concentration of thecontrol and the third treatment (144.33, 139.68) mmol/L, respectively, compared with the secondtreatment, (136.00 mmol/L). The net profits from using conocarpus silage was 393, 533, and 593thousand Iraqi dinars for the control and the addition of 25% and 50% of the silage, respectively. Addingsilage led to an increase in profits equal to 1.5 times the profits generated from control with no negativeimpact on animal health.
The Role of Neutrophils and NETosis in Local Immunity of Feline Inflammatory Aural Polyps
Authors: Zhelavskyi Mykola , Maryniuk Mykola , Drobot Maryna
Published: April 2024

Feline inflammatory aural polyps are abnormal growths that can occur in the ear canals of cats, particularly in the middle ear. These polyps are frequently linked to persistent inflammation and can result in a range of ear-related complicated pathologies. The etiology is multifactorial. The purpose of the research was to study the cytology of an inflammatory polyp in a cat and to study the role of neutrophils and their mechanisms on the formation of extracellular protective traps by neutrophils (NETs). A 4-year-old, female spayed, Scottish fold cat, weighing 3.5 kg sent to a veterinary clinic (Mirra-Vet, Kyiv, Ukraine). Clinical, otoscopic methods, and laboratory methods of cytological diagnostics were used for the research. At the onset of the clinical investigation, exudate discharge from the ear and a painful response were observed. Upon detailed otoscopy, a polyp in the ear canal was diagnosed. An increase in the number of leukocytes (23.2×109/L), their absolute content, and an increase in the percentage of neutrophils (48.2 %) in the leukogram. Assessing the capacity of neutrophils to generate NETs (Neutrophil Extracellular Traps) was determined after samples were collected using a cytologic brush. Cytological analysis of samples from the inter-tragic incisure area highlighted a significant presence of neutrophils, forming extracellular protective traps. The results revealed free NETs in separate areas of the slides. The findings indicated the formation of cooperative groups among neutrophils, other phagocytes, and epithelial cells, along with slender nuclear streaks. During the treatment (Otoflox, 2 drops per ear), the inflammatory reaction disappears, polyp size decreases, exudative reactions decrease, and neutrophil activity decreases. After 3 days of treatment, the animal's condition improved. The ear was clean without sulfur and lesions. The complete treatment course spanned 7 days. During the treatment, the inflammatory reaction disappeared, polyp size decreased, exudative reactions decreased, and neutrophil activity decreased. Experimental studies have shown that during the inflammatory reaction in the ear, protective mechanisms of local immune defense are activated. Activated neutrophils perform their function through phagocytosis and the formation of NETs. These studies contribute to supplementing the data on the immunopathological mechanisms of feline inflammatory polyps.
Ingroup Bias and Collective Self-esteem of Chinese International Students
Authors: Chen Xiyuan
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the psychological transformation among Chinese students studying internationally in the U.S., focusing on ingroup bias and collective self-esteem. Grounded in the "minority stress theory," we hypothesize that international students display a higher ingroup bias and collective self-esteem, serving as a coping strategy to perceived unwelcome experiences and cultural shifts. The experimental approach compared Chinese students studying abroad in the U.S. and domestic students in China, using tasks centered around the minimal group paradigm, and assessed their group identification, resource allocation, and collective self-esteem. And the results revealed that international students displayed a notable ingroup bias and heightened collective self-esteem when compared to domestic students in China. This suggests that international students might utilize their ingroup affiliation as a buffer against cultural adversities and a source of self-esteem.
An In-depth Analysis of Current Trends in ChatGPT Academia, Scholars' Sentiments, and Network Characteristics in Co-authorship of Published Papers
Authors: Hu Lingran , Xu Qinxin , Yao Yingchen , Zhang Tongwei
Published: April 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current trends in ChatGPT academia, scholars' sentiments, and network characteristics in the co-authorship of published papers. With the rapid development and widespread adoption of ChatGPT, a powerful AI language model developed by OpenAI, there is a growing need to understand its impact on academia and society at large. This work aims to address three main questions: (1) What are the hot topics researchers are exploring when it comes to ChatGPT? (2) How do scholars feel about this new technology? (3) What can we learn from looking at who collaborates on academic papers about ChatGPT? Utilizing techniques like MDCOR and the R language, this work meticulously analyzes academic results, public sentiments, and co-authorship networks. The findings highlight key themes and sentiments in the academic community, revealing a generally positive attitude towards ChatGPT, but with concerns about potential risks and limitations. Additionally, the analysis of co-authorship networks underscores the need to promote diverse collaborations to avoid education monopolies. In conclusion, this study offers valuable insights for responsible AI integration and academic progress, shedding light on the prevailing trends, sentiments, and network characteristics in ChatGPT academia.
Impact of a Development-Oriented Summer Camp in Shifting Ways in Which Left-behind Children Describe Social Relationships
Authors: Wei Xuntong
Published: April 2024

Elena Parra-Gonzalez, M., Lopez Belmonte, J., Segura-Robles, A., & Fuentes Cabrera, A. (2020). Active and Emerging Methodologies for Ubiquitous Education: Potentials of Flipped Learning and Gamification. Sustainability (Basel, Switzerland), 12(2), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020602
International Protection of Marine Living Resources in Exclusive Economic Zone
Authors: Xie Qiao
Published: April 2024

From the perspective of the Exclusive Economic Zone in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, this paper analyzes the protection of marine living resources in this area and puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions. This paper argues that it is necessary to perfect the relevant system of the Exclusive Economic Zone to improve the protection status of marine living resources under the background that marine living resources have been greatly damaged and are in rapid exhaustion. In order to fulfill the ultimate goal of international protection of marine living resources, this paper points out the necessity to perfect the legal concepts and international law regulations. Special attention shall be paid to the role of customary international law, improvement of the compliance punishment system, and optimization of the global cooperation mechanism so as to continuously strengthen the management and international cooperation to achieve global and systematic protections of marine living resources.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of ChatGPT in Humanities, Social Sciences and STEM Education: From a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Wang Yuman , Wang Shiqi
Published: April 2024

ChatGPT is a powerful language model capable of understanding and generating human language. The increasing number of students utilizing ChatGPT to support their academic endeavors has gained prominence, prompting discussions surrounding technology and its impact on education. With the emerging trend of ChatGPT, students now could enjoy a great deal of conveniences, but there are also a number of problems while using ChatGPT. Despite extensive research investigating the correlation between ChatGPT and education, there remains a notable gap in comprehensively examining the similarities and differences concerning the benefits and drawbacks of humanities, social sciences compared to STEM fields. This research intends to delve into these domains, employing qualitative analysis to acquire pertinent data. This research will be rested on cognitivism theory and the methodological approach will be aligned to the theory. This approach involves a combination of an open-ended survey and semi-structured interviews for high school and undergraduate students to holistically explore these facets. The finding of this research might enlighten some students in using technological tools in their study in the future.
Navigating the Mind's Bilingual Maze: Understanding Cognitive Advantages Across Variables
Authors: Liu Ruiqi , Li Wendi , Xiong Bangkai , Zhang Zherui , Yan Likai
Published: April 2024

It is widely held that bilinguals hold cognitive advantages in working memory compared to monolinguals; however, is there really a conclusive argument? The present study delves into the intriguing relationship between bilingualism and working memory, exploring the debate of potential cognitive advantages that bilinguals might possess. By analyzing seminal works, key studies supporting bilingual advantage, and perspectives challenging this view, this paper synthesizes findings regarding bilingualisms cognitive benefits beyond language processing, delineating its significant contributions and its methodological and conceptual limitations. Additionally, the study considers the potential implications of bilingual advantage in education and in addressing neurodegenerative diseases. It identifies substantive gaps in the current understanding, including a lack of standardization in experimental designs and reporting standards and a limited focus on confounding variables.
The Relationship Between Learning Styles and the Academic Performance of Learning English as a Second Language
Authors: Li Menghan , Pan Xinyi
Published: April 2024

This paper focuses on the relationships between learning styles and English as a second language academic performance in non-native and native language environments. The paper discusses learning English in non-native and native language environments, respectively. Non-native language environments are mainly categorized into passive learning. This refers to learning in a traditional structured classroom and self-regulated learning, which is about learning English through self-regulation. Then, the learning styles and experiences of immigrant children and international students in native language environments will be discussed. Through this analysis, the paper highlights the advantages and disadvantages inherent in each learning approach and style. The findings underscore the complexity of English as a second language acquisition across different settings, shedding light on the nuanced factors shaping language proficiency. In sum, this research provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay of learning styles and English as a second language performance, contributing to a deeper understanding of language learning dynamics.
Journeying into the Self: A Postmodern Feminist Reading of Select Female Travel Narratives
Authors: Sreekumar Haripriya , Poongodi A.
Published: April 2024

The rejection of attributing fixed essences to anything is known as non-essentialism. It refers to the rejection of assigning men and women fixed qualities in the context of postmodern feminism. This essay uses a postmodern feminist lens to examine and compare Elizabeth Gilbert's Eat, Pray, Love: One Woman's Search for Everything Across Italy, India, and Indonesia with Shivya Nath's The Shooting Star: A Girl, Her Backpack, and the World. As Shivya Nath challenges the stereotypes surrounding independent women travelers and strives to escape being confined to a set of guidelines for how a single woman should travel, Elizabeth Gilbert, in her mid-thirties, is forced to consider whether or not she truly is happy and leading a fulfilling life due to a failed marriage. They both embarked on quests to find solutions. Both travelogues offer an insightful look into the minds of their respective authors, discussing how they defy expectations and deal with patriarchal rules. In the process, Gilbert and Nath both change and come to terms with who they are.
Índice de sustentabilidade da produção da pecuária leiteira nas mesorregiões do Brasil
Authors: Cavalcante de Paiva Elizama , Campos Kilmer Coelho
Published: April 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral criar um índice de sustentabilidade da pecuária leiteira nas mesorregiões do Brasil (INPEC). A mensuração do índice foi realizada através de técnicas multivariadas por meio da análise fatorial e de clusters. Foi possível assim hierarquizar as mesorregiões traçando um panorama espacial dos locais analisados. Destaca-se que nas mesorregiões do Sul e Sudeste, como também da Bahia e de Minas Gerais, foram observados níveis altos de INPEC, entretanto ao realizar a análise espacial, o Centro Sul baiano mostrou-se insignificante quanto a efeitos transbordamentos, ou seja, os adventos da atividade leiteira não transbordam para a vizinhança. O nível baixo de sustentabilidade estava relacionado a falta de orientação técnica, baixa disponibilidade de recursos hídricos, baixo nível de controle de doenças, pouca escolaridade e baixa produtividade. As mesorregiões com maiores níveis de INPEC apresentaram maiores números de estabelecimentos agropecuários com energia elétrica, uso de terras próprias, maiores números de estabelecimentos que produziam leite, agricultura familiar, estabelecimentos que não utilizaram agrotóxicos como também os que fazem uso de suplementos alimentares.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Eksperimen untuk meningkatkan Rasa Ingin tahu dan Tanggung Jawab Anak
Authors: Winarsih Emawati Dwi , Wahyuningsih Rini
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan rasa ingin tahu dan tanggung jawab anak pada kegiatan pembelajaran yang kurang menarik dan dalam mengikuti aturan kegiatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penerapan metode pembelajaran eksperimen untuk meningkatkan sikap rasa ingin tahu dan tanggung jawab melalui penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari tiga siklus. Desain penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) digunakan oleh peneliti untuk melihat peningkatan rasa ingin tahu dan tanggung jawab dari siklus satu, siklus dua dan siklus tiga yang mempunyai empat aspek seperti perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 20 anak kelompok TK B. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah rubrik penilaian untuk mengukur kemampuan sikap rasa ingin tahu dan tanggung jawab anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan rata - rata nilai rasa ingin tahu dari 61% hingga mencapai 80%. Peningkatan rata - rata nilai tanggung jawab 62% hingga mencapai 80%. Berdasarkan capaian tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode pembelajaran eksperimen dapat meningkatkan sikap rasa ingin tahu dan tanggung jawab anak usia 5 - 6 tahun di TK B SYS Tangerang.