bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Szervezeti relációk a japán ipari vállalkozási kultúrában
Authors: Balogh Mónika
Published: January 2021

The present article develops a practical operational view of Ruth Benedict’s shame and guilt culture concept as one of the attributes which might characterize the structure and operation of Japanese social groups. After giving a short overview of critical approaches to this concept, several norm-forming, normoperating and sanctioning practices are examined in relation to the aspect of shame and guilt reactions from the everyday lives of intercultural industrial organizations (companies) located in Hungary, featuring Japanese company cultural elements in their operation. The evaluation and analysis of several related phenomena are conducted on the basis of fieldwork, involving further sociological concepts such as relational subjectivism, kanjin 閑人, shikaku 資格 and ba 場, chū 忠 and kō 孝, giri 義理 and ninjō 人情, wa 和, amae 甘えand others.
Út a kultúrhéroszok korától a jogállamiság felé
Authors: Badacsonyi Katalin Tegza
Published: January 2021

Kormány Attila: A tradicionális és a modern kínai jog – A jog fejlődése Kínában a kezdetektől napjainkigELTE Eötvös Kiadó Kft., 2018
Bűnügyi sakkjátszma a kriminalisztikai princípiumok tükrében
Authors: Fenyvesi Csaba
Published: January 2021

The author provides an overview of forensic and crime scene investigation in Hungary.
A kriminálstratégia szerepe a bűnözés elleni küzdelemben
Authors: Mészáros Bence
Published: January 2021

The author provides an overview of the role of police strategies in Hungary.
A digitális bizonyíték a büntetőeljárásban
Authors: Sorbán Kinga
Published: January 2021

The author provides an overview of the role of digital evidence in Hungarian criminal procedures.
Speciális állománykategória a német rendőrségeknél
Authors: Fórizs Sándor
Published: January 2021

The author provides an overview of special police forces (Wachpolizei, Police Guard/Vigilance Police/Sentry Police) in Germany.
Gyermekbántalmazás
Authors: Julesz Máté
Published: January 2021

The reader takes a gap-filling work in his hands when it comes to Child Abuse is reading. The book consists of seventeen chapters, copyrighted medical and legal well-versed physicians, lawyers, and medical lawyers alike.
Quantum Groups for Restricted SOS Models
Authors:   ETH Zurich, Switzerland, Felder Giovanni , Ren Muze ,   University of Geneva, Switzerland
Published: January 2021

We introduce the notion of restricted dynamical quantum groups through their category of representations, which are monoidal categories with a forgetful functor to the category of π-graded vector spaces for a groupoid π.
First record of soft-winged flower beetles (Coleoptera, Malachiidae) in a late Pleistocene deposit from West Siberia with a review of known Quaternary data
Authors: Tshernyshev Sergei E. , Dudko Roman Yu. , Gurina Anna A. , Legalov Andrei A.
Published: January 2021

Soft-winged flower beetles (Coleoptera, Malachiidae), Apalochrus femoralis pallipes Motschulsky, 1860 and Ebaeus Erichson, 1840 species, are recorded for the first time from Quaternary fossils in the deposit Ustyanka-1 near Ustyanka river, the right tributary of Alei river in Altaiskii Krai, West Siberia, Russia. The strata containing malachiid fragments belong to the warm phase of the late glacial succession. It is shown that soft-winged flower beetles are typical of Holocene deposits and practically unknown from cold phases of the Pleistocene, except in the case of Protapalochrus Evers, 1987 which has been recorded from the Pleistocene. Illustrations of the external appearance of both male and female of the beetles, and sub-fossil remains of Apalochrus femoralis pallipes Motschulsky, 1860 and three species from the Ebaeus rufipes-group distributed in the region are given, together with details of their position within the Ustyanka-1 deposit. Data on the Malachiidae in Quaternary deposits of the Northern Hemisphere are briefly reviewed.
Consequences of parallel miniaturisation in Microhylinae (Anura, Microhylidae), with the description of a new genus of diminutive South East Asian frogs
Authors: Gorin Vladislav A. , Scherz Mark D. , Korost Dmitriy V. , Poyarkov Nikolay A.
Published: January 2021

The genusMicrohylaTschudi, 1838 includes 52 species and is one of the most diverse genera of the family Microhylidae, being the most species-rich taxon of the Asian subfamily Microhylinae. The recent, rapid description of numerous new species ofMicrohylawith complex phylogenetic relationships has made the taxonomy of the group especially challenging. Several recent phylogenetic studies suggested paraphyly ofMicrohylawith respect toGlyphoglossusGünther, 1869, and revealed three major phylogenetic lineages of mid-Eocene origin within this assemblage. However, comprehensive works assessing morphological variation among and within these lineages are absent. In the present study we investigate the generic taxonomy ofMicrohyla–Glyphoglossusassemblage based on a new phylogeny including 57 species, comparative morphological analysis of skeletons from cleared-and-stained specimens for 23 species, and detailed descriptions of generalized osteology based on volume-rendered micro-CT scans for five species–altogether representing all major lineages within the group. The results confirm three highly divergent and well-supported clades that correspond with external and osteological morphological characteristics, as well as respective geographic distribution. Accordingly, acknowledging ancient divergence between these lineages and their significant morphological differentiation, we propose to consider these three lineages as distinct genera:Microhylasensu stricto,Glyphoglossus, and a newly described genus,Nanohylagen. nov.
How culture and society are communicatively constituted: A reflection on 40 years of linguistic anthropology
Authors: Gal Susan
Published: January 2021

Susan Gal retrace son parcours de recherche, professeure à l’université de Chicago. Elle explique l’importance du tournant sémiotique au sein de l’anthropologie linguistique nord-américaine et la manière dont il a influencé ses propres travaux. Enfin, elle montre comment la lecture de Peirce a permis d’une part de revisiter l’approche corrélationniste de la variation langagière héritée de William Labov en envisageant cette dernière comme un processus dynamique, et d’autre part, de repenser l’étude du langage autour de trois axes de recherches principaux : la réflexivité langagière, les processus de différenciation sociale et linguistique, la question de l’articulation entre macro et micro.
Maîtriser l’école, instrumentaliser l’État ?
Authors: Barrault-Stella Lorenzo , Hugrée Cédric
Published: January 2021

En prenant pour point de départ l’étude des relations à l’école, cet article aborde les rapports aux institutions administratives et politiques des groupes situés en haut de l’espace social en France. L’observation de la diversité des usages, à la fois symboliques et pratiques, des institutions étatiques dans les classes supérieures permet de restituer la consistance de leurs rapports à l’État. Par une mise en relation de matériaux statistiques représentatifs et d’une analyse qualitative permettant d’éclairer les processus en jeu, l’analyse montre d’abord l’emprise forte de l’institution scolaire sur l’ensemble des groupes sociaux. Mais elle éclaire aussi relationnellement la singularité des appréhensions de l’école dans les classes supérieures, faite de maîtrise, d’anticipations et de facilités d’arrangements aussi bien en situation routinière qu’en période d’incertitude. Au-delà de l’école, en suivant des enquêtés variés des classes supérieures sur les différentes scènes (scolaires, professionnelles, familiales, résidentielles, politiques) où ils sont susceptibles de faire l’expérience de l’État, cet article ouvre le chantier d’une analyse sociologique de l’économie des rapports à l’ordre institutionnel. Si le pôle économique et privé des classes supérieures semble caractérisé par des formes d’homogénéité relative évoquant un rapport défiant et instrumental à l’école comme aux autres institutions étatiques, une telle combinaison n’est pas généralisable à l’ensemble des régions supérieures de l’espace social : dans bien des cas, les dispositions à l’égard des institutions administratives et politiques composant l’État se révèlent plurielles et seulement partiellement transférables.
Do CDS Maturities Matter in the Evaluation of the Information Content of Regulatory Banking Stress Tests? Evidence from European and US Stress Tests
Authors: Agbodji Amavi S. S. , Nys Emmanuelle , Sauviat Alain
Published: January 2021

Cet article interroge la seule utilisation des spreads de CDS d’une maturité de 5 ans dans l’analyse de la réponse du marché des CDS à la publication des résultats des stress test bancaires. Est-ce que l’étude de ces contrats CDS de 5 ans nous fournit toute l’information pertinente sur la réponse du marché des CDS ? En effet, puisqu’un stress test évalue le risque des banques testées à différents horizons, nous soupçonnons une différence dans la réponse du marché selon ces horizons. Notre étude empirique montre qu’après la publication des résultats des stress tests, le contenu informationnel apporté par les différentes maturités diffère. Par conséquent, la seule utilisation des CDS de 5 ans pour apprécier le risque bancaire n’est pas suffisante.
Taylor Rules and Liquidity in Financial Markets
Authors: Franceschi Emanuele
Published: January 2021

Nous revisitons l’histoire de la politique monétaire américaine dans le cadre d’une règle de Taylor, en utilisant des données et des informations de marché en temps réel. Nous constatons une instabilité importante des paramètres de la fonction de réaction de la Federal Reserve à l’écart de production et aux espérances d’inflation. Motivé par la crise financière mondiale et l’attention croissante portée aux marchés financiers, nous étudions le rôle de la liquidité dans la règle des taux d’intérêt. Nous estimons les modèles de commutation de Markov et constatons la conformité au principe de Taylor pendant la période d’inflation élevée pour une règle de Taylor standard et des violations cohérentes du principe de Taylor une fois que nous avons inclus des procurations pour la liquidité. Ces violations ne sont pas associées à des périodes d’inflation non ancrée.
Common Sense in Reid’s Response to Scepticism
Authors: Rysiew Patrick
Published: January 2021

Le sens commun est au cœur des conceptions épistémologiques de Thomas Reid. Pourtant, tout comme sa théorie positive, la réponse de Reid au scepticisme – ce qu’elle est censée établir et la manière dont elle le fait – est sujette à débat. Certes, dans la mesure où elle respecte et défend notre conception ordinaire de nous-mêmes comme détenteurs de connaissances provenant d’une variété de sources, toute réponse au scepticisme relève bien du « bon sens », compris au sens large. Reste que des commentateurs récents de Reid, de même que des penseurs contemporains s’inspirant de ses conceptions, s’opposent quant au rôle que pourrait jouer, s’il en a un, le sens commun dans la réponse de Reid au sceptique, et donc sur le fait de savoir si cette réponse peut bien être dite de « bon sens » d’une manière plus substantielle. Je soutiens que même ceux qui lui accordent une place dans la défense par Reid de nos conceptions épistémologiques préthéoriques sous-estiment l’importance qu’y a le sens commun tel que le conçoit Reid. En particulier, ils omettent le fait que, pour Reid, le sens commun a un aspect irréductiblement normatif et qu’une adhésion aux premiers principes du sens commun est, pour lui, une obligation minimale à laquelle doivent se soumettre le jugement et l’action rationnels, obligation à laquelle même le sceptique ne peut se soustraire.
ISKUSTVA MEDIJATORA U PROCESU OBITELJSKE MEDIJACIJE U SLUČAJEVIMA PARTNERSKOG NASILJA
Authors: Požega Jasenka , Ajduković Marina
Published: January 2021

EXPERIENCE OF MEDIATORS IN THE FAMILY MEDIATION PROCESS IN THE CASES OF VIOLENCE IN PARTNER RELATIONSHIPS ABSTRACT The paper presents the experience of mediators in the family mediation process in the cases of violence in partner relationships based on the results of a research conducted in seven social welfare centres in which twelve experts adequately trained for the implementation of family mediation participated. The aim of the research was to describe and analyse the experience of the mediators in the family mediation process with the partners who had experienced violence and to determine the possibility of its application in such cases. The qualitative approach was used, and the procedure of topic analysis was used. The research results show that the mediators point out some specific features of the management of the mediation process with the partners who have experienced violence with regard to the safety of the process, establishment of the balance of power and a constructive dialogue of the parties in mediation, which demands the mediators to apply certain techniques and skills. Additionally, the results of the research indicate that the mediators perceive the possibility to implement family mediation with the partners who have experienced violence and that, apart from the basic prerequisites for the implementation of mediation, they emphasise the necessity to recognise the specific prerequisites, such as the time distance from violence, the influence of violence on the victim, creation of safe conditions, good level of the mediators’ education and the application of some procedures which should be conducted in terms of the assessment of violence, safety and selection of the mediation model. Key words: family mediation, violence in partner relationships, experience of mediators, description of the mediation process, possibility to conduct family mediation.
Adaptive Treatment Assignment in Experiments for Policy Choice
Authors: Kasy Maximilian , Sautmann Anja
Published: January 2021

Standard experimental designs are geared toward point estimation and hypothesis testing, while bandit algorithms are geared toward in‐sample outcomes. Here, we instead consider treatment assignment in an experiment with several waves for choosing the best among a set of possible policies (treatments) at the end of the experiment. We propose a computationally tractable assignment algorithm that we call “exploration sampling,” where assignment probabilities in each wave are an increasing concave function of the posterior probabilities that each treatment is optimal. We prove an asymptotic optimality result for this algorithm and demonstrate improvements in welfare in calibrated simulations over both non‐adaptive designs and bandit algorithms. An application to selecting between six different recruitment strategies for an agricultural extension service in India demonstrates practical feasibility.
Does Flipped Classroom Model Affect EFL Learners’ Anxiety in English Speaking Performance?
Authors: Abdullah Mohamad Yahya , Hussin Supyan , Ismail Kemboja
Published: January 2021

Learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) face various challenges which impede their efforts to achieve English proficiency, especially in speaking performance. In response, this study sets out to use the Flipped Classroom Model (FCM) as a teaching method to investigate the effective-ness of the FCM on EFL learners’ anxiety in English speaking performance. A mixed-methods research design was utilized whereby 27 Omani under-graduate students majoring in English as a foreign language at Buraimi Uni-versity College (BUC), Sultanate of Oman were selected purposively as the subjects of the study. The collected data involved the Anxiety in English Speaking Performance Questionnaire (AESPQ) that was distributed in three stages: pre, midway and post the implementation of FCM. Another set of da-ta was elicited in the focus group interviews and students’ reflective jour-nals. Findings indicated that after twelve weeks of using FCM, a considera-ble improvement occurred on EFL learners’ anxiety in English speaking per-formance across time. The results of the One-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences among the EFL learners’ levels of anxiety in speaking English, F (₂, ₅₂) = 111.492, P<0.001, η2= 0.811), and MANOVA results revealed that there was a significant difference between the four di-mensions of AESPQ over time (Wilks Lambda =0.017, F= 134.718, 2=0.983). FCM was found to be appropriate to all the students in this study since it satisfied their needs and suited their learning styles. Essentially, the findings reported in this research would contribute to advancing English language teaching, not only in instructional design but also in promoting EFL instructors to be more interested in using FCM.
Optimization Analysis and Implementation of Online Wisdom Teaching Mode in Cloud Classroom Based on Data Mining and Processing
Authors: Gao Jing , Yue Xiao-Guang , Hao Lulu , Crabbe M. James C. , Manta Otilia , Duarte Nelson
Published: January 2021

The rapid development of Internet technology and information technology is rapidly changing the way people think, recognize, live, work and learn. In the context of Internet + education, the emerging learning form of a cloud classroom has emerged. Cloud classroom refers to the process in which learners use the network as a way to obtain learning objectives and learning resources, communicate with teachers and other learners through the net-work, and build their own knowledge structure. Because it breaks the boundaries of time and space, it has the characteristics of freedom, high effi-ciency and extensiveness, and is quickly accepted by learners of different ag-es and occupations. The traditional cloud classroom teaching mode has no personalized recommendation module and cannot solve an information over-load problem. Therefore, this paper proposes a cloud classroom online teach-ing system under the personalized recommendation system. The system adopts a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm, which helps to mine the potential preferences of users and thus complete more accurate recommendations. It not only highlights the core position of personalized curriculum recommendation in the field of online education, but also makes the cloud classroom online teaching mode more intelligent and meets the needs of intelligent teaching.
Influence of Teacher-Student Matching on Knowledge Innovation of College Students
Authors: Zhang Yuan
Published: January 2021

The relationship between teacher-student matching and knowledge innovation of college students is constrained by multiple factors. Considering the multiple constraints, this paper explores deep into the influence of teacher-student matching on knowledge innovation of college students. Firstly, the internal correlation between the two factors was identified through analysis. Next, the detailed contents of the two factors were examined, and used to set up an analysis model to improve knowledge innovation of college students based on teacher-student matching. Grey system theory and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were implemented in the modeling process. Finally, several strategies were put forward to promote knowledge innovation among college students, from the perspective of teacher-student matching. The research results provide a strong support to knowledge innovation in colleges.
Using Online Game for Indonesian EFL Learners to Enrich Vocabulary
Authors: Octaberlina Like Raskova , Rofiki Imam
Published: January 2021

For students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), vocabulary mastery is an essential component of language skills. Vocabulary may contribute to the success of language skills. However, most students had some trouble learning vocabulary. Vocabulary learning requires an advanced technology such as online game. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the outcome of using an online game named SpellingCity to enrich vocabulary, which is a part of modern gamification. The research design is to have 22 students finish one turn game of SpellingCity and then fill out a survey and interview at the end of the data collection process. The result was that all students agree that using SpellingCity increase their vocabulary acquisition besides of also learning the pronunciation. SpellingCity simple interface design is also found to be one of the factors why SpellingCity considered interesting and easy to play by these students.
Dasaĩ and dual power among the Yakthumba
Authors: Sagant Philippe
Published: January 2021

Dasaĩ is a Yakthumba popular festival. The cult of Durgā legitimates the authority of the political headmen, the subbā, who appeared after the Gurkha conquest (having been delegated by the “kings”, called hang). The hang was in fact an ordinary head of house (tumyang) like any other. The subbās seem to have taken over from the former kings. But because he enjoyed the favor of Nahangma, the yakthumba goddess of the mountain, he was recognized as primus inter pares (tum tumyang) and was brought to power. Nahangma is not present at Dasaĩ but is replaced by another goddess called Yuma (the grandmother) with whom she has always been fighting. But this does not mean she is not still worshipped in each house on her own dates. And just as Durgā and Yuma legitimate the subbā’s monopoly of power over arms, Nahangma legitimates this same power for each household head under the subbā; thus a contradiction arises. And so we find the Yakthumba living under the twofold antagonistic power of the gods (Durgā and Nahangma), which is the foundation of the twofold antagonistic power of men (subbā and tumyang). If this hypothesis is correct, then the hang of the past, also a head of house, has not disappeared, which is what the author has shown.
Exploring the Self-Efficacy-Building Practice of Teaching Real-World Entrepreneurial Leadership Skills on the Graduate Level
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman , Shipman Kristine Elizabeth , Shufutinsky Anton , Lewis Eugene
Published: January 2021

Engaged and experiential learning approaches encourage experimentation and expand teaching entrepreneurial leadership beyond just classroom lectures, textbooks, and PowerPoint slides. The use of experiential and scenario-based learning approaches helps students develop real-world problem solving and critical thinking leadership skills that demonstrate competencies and abilities beyond course grades and transcripts. Entrepreneurial leadership is the ability to think strategically, adapt to changing competitive forces, identify threats to longevity, and exploit business opportunities in a hyper-competitive and volatile entrepreneurial business environment. This case study research approach explores how leadership skills and abilities can be developed using real world embedded simulations that create beneficial relationships that help business owners, students, and the quality of graduate instruction.
A Content Analysis Review of Literature to Create a Useable Framework for Reputation Risk Management
Authors: Jones Laura A.
Published: January 2021

Over the past decade, reputation risk has grown in significance in corporate environments. It has become an essential issue in the financial stability and long-term sustainability of businesses. With mounting oversight and regulatory requirements, stakeholder influence, and the ability for social media to largely impact consumer opinion, it has become imperative to identify and mitigate risks that underscore reputational damage and impede the ability to achieve projected profitability. While reputation risk has grown in magnitude, organizations continue to ineptly manage reputation by failing to appropriately integrate this highly prized asset into their risk management programs. Organizations also fail to implement viable risk management programs that enable proactive responses that effectively address the challenges that they face. This costly oversight has caused organizational losses, including customers, industry standing, and revenue. The approach used was a content analysis review of the literature to create a use-able framework for reputation risk management.
Engrafting Innovation and Leadership in Civil Engineering Education
Authors: Madhavi T. Phani
Published: January 2021

Innovation and leadership play a vital role in civil engineering discipline in an intense level of global competition. The role of civil engineers is crucial in building the nation. Researchers, construction managers, consultants, and construction executives are calling upon the academicians, educators, and technocrats to produce civil engineers with multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary skills with effective communication within a comprehensive economic and social framework. In order to meet the professional demands of civil engineers, formal leader development must be incorporated in civil engineering education. In this chapter, the necessity of engrafting the innovation and leadership in several domains of civil engineering education was highlighted.
The Value of Using Micro-Teaching for K-12 New Teacher Leadership Development in a Pandemic Response
Authors: Shipman Kristine Elizabeth , Burrell Darrell Norman , DiPeri Dawn L. , Goods Alfreda , Reyes Lisa
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 in 2020 has created a dramatic and instant shift of many K-12 educational institutions to distance learning often without the preparation and training required to be successful. The pedagogy and technology used in teaching are ever changing. The role of teacher/faculty development is to provide instructors with the tools and leadership skills to deal with these changes. Successful integration of technology and on-line in K-12 education must include (1) a connection to student learning, (2) hands-on technology, (3) curriculum-specific application, (4) active participation of teachers, (5) technical support, (6) administrative support, (7) adequate resources, and (8) continuous funding. This chapter looks at the value and utility using micro-teaching as a teacher leadership development approach to help K-12 educators become more effective and comfortable with on-line teaching.
Job Satisfaction and Its Influence on Faculty Retention and Turnover in a Private University in Liberia
Authors: Gbalah Abiodun
Published: January 2021

Prior research declared that increased job satisfaction among faculty can explicitly influence behaviors and attitudes in faculty within institutions of higher education: retention, job performance, institutional commitment, engagement, among others. It is important that universities monitor the satisfaction levels of their faculty to secure increased levels of their performance. The qualitative, explanatory single case study was to explore how job satisfaction influence faculty retention and turnover in a private university in Monrovia, Liberia, West Africa. The need for qualified and committed faculty in Liberia continues to increase. To meet this need for high numbers of faculty, retention of qualified faculty has become a priority. The implication of this study is the importance of having effective leadership and healthy organizational culture to improve faculty morale and job satisfaction by developing strategies to retain quality faculty and reduce turnover.
An Exploratory Case Study of Human Capital of a Function of Innovation in Organizational Culture
Authors: Harmon Maurice D.
Published: January 2021

A retention and motivation issue exists in organizations among Generation Y in the United States. The exploratory case study design allowed the researcher to garner in-depth analysis of the participants' perspectives regarding human capital as a function of innovation in organizational culture. The diffusion of Innovation and the human capital theory were the foundation guiding the study. Three themes emerged from the data: 1) training and development, 2) rules and regulations, 3) motivation. Training and development involved training focused on career development and upward mobility. Rules and regulations involved inflexible guidelines that impede innovation. Motivation involved the necessary culture needed to engage Generation Y employees and build morale. Three recommendations were provided for organizational leadership: 1) leadership acquire a good understanding of Generation Y employees, 2) invest in Generation Y's training and career development, 3) adopt ways to motivate Generation Y employees.
The Influence of Hegemonic (Toxic) Masculinity on Leadership Behaviors of Black Men
Authors: Moore Irvin
Published: January 2021

Black male leaders represent a small percentage of Fortune 500 companies. Images of Black men have mostly portrayed aggression, hypermasculinity, and patriarchal thoughts about gender dominance. Hegemonic (toxic) masculinity is a symptom of cultural impressions that teach men what masculine ideologies to embrace and how to become a “real man.” Nuances across race are evident as Black males learn messages of masculinity through the history of Black people and community influences that abhor vulnerability. With so few Black leaders across organizations, they could become susceptible to enacting hegemonic behaviors in their leadership and mentorship roles. Further research could buttress leadership studies, Black studies, and men's psychology by examining the lived experiences of Black male leaders acting as mentors within professional associations. These investigations might illustrate the profound contributions of early conceptualizations of masculinity to leadership behavior and the proliferation of masculine thoughts taught in mentorship programs to young Black people.
Golden Medals
Authors: Baena Veronica , Mattera Marina
Published: January 2021

This chapter conducts an in-depth study regarding European football clubs' marketing strategies and brand management approaches in order to evaluate customers' perceived ethicality and how consumers value corporate social responsibility activities. Specifically, the case of European football clubs is evaluated during the 2013-2018 period. The evolution of the value of the top 20 football teams in 2013 were considered as they are the most valuable ones, and most renowned in terms of worldwide supporters and revenues. Furthermore, the success of the top three teams, Manchester United, FC Barcelona, and Real Madrid FC, were studied. The findings highlight how European football clubs should incorporate corporate social responsibility into their marketing strategy, combining it with their own players' approaches, in order to increase their value and reputation.
The Effectiveness of Sponsorship of the F1 Singapore Grand Prix
Authors: Tan Shi Ying , Pyun Do Young
Published: January 2021

This article examines the effectiveness of sport sponsorship at the 2014 F1 Singapore Grand Prix, particularly by testing recall and recognition of brands on cars, driver's clothing and venue. Data was gathered from 120 undergraduate students who were asked to watch a 30-second video first and complete the questionnaires. The multivariate analysis of variance revealed that cars and driver's clothing were found to be more effective locations for brand awareness. There was significant differences in both recall (ΔM = 1.28, p < .05 and ΔM = 0.80, p < .05, respectively) and recognition (ΔM = 2.15, p < .05 and ΔM = 1.47, p < .05, respectively). These findings help present or potential sponsors review the benefits and costs associated with this channel of sponsorship and maximise their sponsorship investments on F1 teams or the Singapore Grand Prix in the future.
Using Experiential Client-Based Projects in Sport Sales Courses
Authors: Pierce David
Published: January 2021

Sales has gradually gained traction in the sport management programs over the past 15 years. This article examines the extent to which client-based experiential projects are used in sport sales courses and determines if teaching practices are different in client-based and non-client-based courses. Online survey responses were received from 36 of 85 sport management programs that offer a sport sales course. Results indicated that 58.3% of sport sales courses utilized a client-based experiential sales project. The sports properties that partner with sales classes the most are college athletics, minor league teams, and Big Five professional sports teams. Clients provided students with leads in 55% of the projects. The most popular organizational model was the independent model, which was employed by 70% of the courses engaging in a client-based project, followed by the on-campus and in-venues models. Client-based courses were more likely to use mock sales calls, guest speakers, and the Sales Huddle game. Implications for teaching client-based experiential courses are addressed.
Sport Fan Consumption
Authors: Johnson Lauren Michele , Chou Wen-Hao Winston , Mastromartino Brandon , Zhang James Jianhui
Published: January 2021

Sports fans are individuals who are interested in and follow one or more sports, teams, and/or athletes. These fans reinforce their identity as a fan by engaging in supportive and repetitive consumption behaviors that relate to the sport or team they are so passionate about. This chapter will provide an overview of the history and cultural heritage of sports fandom, discuss the significance and functions of fandom, underline what motivates individuals to consume sports, examine the consequences and results of fandom, and highlight contemporary research and developmental trends. This chapter would allow for a good understanding of where research on sports fandom is headed and the important issues affecting sports fans.
Consciousness of Spending on Children's Sports Activities in a Community Sports Club in Japan
Authors: Bizen Yoshifumi , Kishida Keisuke , Nogi Shoji , Kawakami Koji , Yoshida Hisashi
Published: January 2021

In recent years, comprehensive community sports clubs have offering several kinds of sports classes for children. However, there are no clear criteria about the prices charged for these classes. At the same time, to meet members' satisfaction levels, it is very important for managers of comprehensive community sports clubs to understand the fair value of the classes. The purpose of this article is to clarify parents' internal reference price of the monthly fee for their children's sports activities through price sensitivity measurement. As a part of the research, a survey of parents whose children participate in sports classes at the comprehensive community sports clubs was conducted. Over a period of two weeks, 327 questionnaires were distributed and 219 were collected. The results revealed that the range of acceptable price is between 3,372 yen and 5,212 yen, and that a price range between 3,372 yen and 4,672 yen is considered affordable.
Career Transitions of eSports Athletes: A Proposal for a Research Framework
Authors: Salo Markus
Published: January 2021

eSports has boomed, the number of eSport athletes has grown rapidly, and many teenagers aspire to a have career in eSports. However, eSports athletes' careers involve many problems, such as career-entry difficulties, straining life habits, burnout, premature retirement, and post-career dilemmas. Despite a growing research interest in eSports, a void of knowledge exists regarding eSports athletes' career aspects. To address the gap in research, this paper aims to take an initial step by proposing a framework for eSports athletes' career transitions. The framework combines two approaches from sport psychology and sport literature. The framework can help eSports athletes, coaches, and other stakeholders have and maintain long-lasting and healthy careers.
The Legal Validity of E-Sports as a Sport
Authors: Mir Reyhan
Published: January 2021

The chapter aims to investigate the e-sports phenomenon and analyze its legal relevance and validity with the traditional sports world. The chapter looks to provide the current framework of the e-sports field and its potential to be a sport, followed by the legal challenges it faces towards being possibly recognized as one. The second segment of this chapter additionally looks into the regulations currently in place as well as analyzes the minimum changes required in order to ensure the growth of this field. The chapter eventually concludes by analyzing the possible future for the field and suggestions to help facilitate its development.
Blow to the Head
Authors: Sossi Dino
Published: January 2021

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a degenerative disease that has begun to be discovered in various deceased professional athletes across sports. The pathology of CTE involves repeated traumatic blows to the head. Due to the longitudinal and cumulative aspects of this disease as well as the high financial stakes involved in professional sports, its discovery has led to many important issues that need to be investigated. This chapter explores some of the legal and ethical implications of CTE in professional sports.
Instigators and Victims of Racism Abuse in Football
Authors: Tarnanidis Theodore , Tsaples Georgios , Papathanasiou Jason , Armenia Stefano
Published: January 2021

The current research provides a mapping of the most important instigators and victims of racism abuse in football. Based on the literature review findings, it is observed that in sports, there exists an upward trend of racism incidents among different stakeholders on a daily basis, from the administrative workforce and distinct policy makers to athletes and fans. In order to investigate this trend, data was collected through the implementation of a specific project, called “BRISWA,” which is an EU-funded project that deals with the problem of racism in football and in sports in general (funded by the Erasmus+ Programme - Sport Collaborative Partnership). The survey was conducted in the field of football in six countries, Italy, Greece, Romania, Serbia, Hungary, and Bulgaria. The survey took place from August 2017 to January 2018. Our sample included people of all ages (n = 672). Data was analyzed through a combination of exploratory factor analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis. We have modeled the two distinct constructs, by running principal component analysis and then on the ranked data followed the results of the multi-criteria decision aid analysis with the Promethee software. A thorough discussion and conclusions are given for the improvement of regulations at a European level, to tackle the incidents of racism abuse in the sphere of football.
From Rivalry to Antipathy Amid Sports Enthusiasts in Individual Sports
Authors: Nayak Sushma , Nidhiri Sebin B.
Published: January 2021

The main focus of the chapter is to bring out the extremes—immoderations and intemperance—in sports rivalry by primarily considering the case of Monica Seles' stabbing on court by a crazy Steffi Graf fan in 1993. Rivalries among players eventually extend to fans to bring about diverse dark shades (hostility and violence) among the latter. An outcome of being a part of a fan base is extreme devoutness and fervor towards one's own favorite player while considering partisans of an adversary group as an “outgroup.” Sports rivalries customarily create a safe environment to support the creation of ingroup and outgroup, although in fanatical situations, real fights do break out among rival fans. The chapter shall delve into these aspects and consider a distinct case of extreme fan behavior as an upshot of arch rivalry in sports world. The authors shall further examine the role of different stakeholders in bringing about a healthy playing environment and fostering positive fan behavior that shall bring laurels to the game.
Multi-User Virtual Environments for Physical Education and Sport Training
Authors: Soltani Pooya , Vilas-Boas João Paulo
Published: January 2021

For effective learning and training, virtual environments may provide lifelike opportunities, and researchers are actively investigating their potential for educational purposes. Minimal research attention has been paid to the integration of multi-user virtual environments (MUVE) technology for teaching and practicing real sports. In this chapter, the authors reviewed the justifications, possibilities, challenges, and future directions of using MUVE systems. The authors addressed issues such as informal learning, design, engagement, collaboration, learning style, learning evaluation, motivation, and gender, followed by the identification of required elements for successful implementations. In the second part, the authors talked about exergames, the necessity of evaluation, and examples on exploring the behavior of players during playing. Finally, insights on the application of sports exergames in teaching, practicing, and encouraging real sports were discussed.
Player-Driven Video Analysis to Enhance Reflective Soccer Practice in Talent Development
Authors: Hjort Anders , Henriksen Kristoffer , Elbæk Lars
Published: January 2021

In the present article, we investigate the introduction of a cloud-based video analysis platform called Player Universe (PU). Video analysis is not a new performance-enhancing element in sports, but PU is innovative in how it facilitates reflective learning. Video analysis is executed in the PU platform by involving the players in the analysis process, in the sense that they are encouraged to tag game actions in video-documented soccer matches. Following this, players can get virtual feedback from their coach. Findings show that PU can improve youth soccer players' reflection skills through consistent video analyses and tagging; coaches are important as role models and providers of feedback; and that the use of the platform primarily stimulated deliberate practice activities. PU can be seen as a source of inspiration for soccer players and clubs as to how analytical platforms can motivate and enhance reflective learning for better in-game performance.
Infrared Thermography in Swimming
Authors: Domingues Ana Sofia , Barbosa Filipa , Seixas Adérito , Borgonovo-Santos Márcio , Pereira Eduardo M. , Vardasca Ricardo , Gabriel Joaquim , Fernandes Ricardo J. , Vilas-Boas J. Paulo
Published: January 2021

In order to verify whether there is a considerable increase in body skin temperature during different swimming techniques (crawl and backstroke) and identifying the most affected regions. The athlete's thermal symmetry was also analyzed, as well as its modification after the swimming, according to the performed technique. The accuracy of thermography as a method to identify and distinguish these different styles was also evaluated. Ten male swimmers were recruited and two different swimming techniques were assessed, crawl and backstroke. After a 10 minute acclimatization period in the pool, the swimmers were quickly dried with microfiber towels. The thermograms were taken before and after the swimming task, which consisted in a 7x200m protocol in crawl or backstroke. Infrared thermography revealed an increase of temperature after exercise and no significant differences were found between both techniques. Thermal symmetry was not affected by exercise.
Management of childhood urinary tract infection
Authors: Weerasooriya W. A. L. K.
Published: January 2021

One of the common infections among children is urinary tract infection. To reduce the morbidity associated with UTI, it is very important to diagnose promptly and initiate correct management. Signs and symptoms vary among different age groups, as well as some clinical features are nonspecific. Hense, accurate diagnosis is challenging and which is masked further by wide use of antibiotic prior to the collection of urine for culture and full report. Use of correct antibiotic for appropriate duration is crucial in management. Ideal image protocol in subsequent follow-up is still not very clear and debatable among majority.
Emphysematous pyelonephritis
Authors: Balagobi B. , Nitharsanan M. , Thanusan V.
Published: January 2021

Emphysematous pyelonephritis(EPN) is a potentially fatal manifestation of necrotizing infection of renal parenchymal tissues and perirenal tissues with gas formation in renal system. Its clinical significance due to its diagnostic difficulty on clinical grounds, rapid progression and the demand for the invasive management strategies in short term necessitates the need for a more vigilant approach in vulnerable population. Risk population includes female diabetic patients, obstructed infected urinary system, immunosuppression. Since its initial reporting from 19th century the treatment strategies are more towards extensive invasive approaches due to its rapid progression into fatal condition. Fortunately, with the advent of modern imaging facilities, the diagnostic difficulties were somewhat alleviated which helps in staging the disease. Thence the treatment strategy evolved over time which includes various options in treatment regime. Currently the treatment for emphysematous pyelonephritis includes resuscitation with fluid electrolyte management, intravenous antibiotics to cover gram negative bacteria, risk factor management, minimally invasive approaches towards decompression and in worst case scenario immediate or delayed nephrectomy. Here, we discuss the clinical features,aetiopathogenesis, diagnostic approaches and the treatment strategies of this uncommon but potentially fatal condition.
Knowledge and attitude on complementary feeding practices among parents or main care givers of children aged less than sixmonths admitted to Paediatric wards at TH/Jaffna
Authors: Tharanitharan P. , Sathiadas M. G.
Published: January 2021

Lack of knowledge is an important barrier of successful complementary feeding practice. Inadequate Information Education Communication (IEC) activities in hospitals and welfare clinics and attractiveness towards the ready to made commercial weaning foods are also contributors of failure. The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers or primary care givers regarding complementary feeding. An Institutional based descriptive study conducted in all three paediatric wards of Teaching Hospital Jaffna over a period of one year. A pretested questionnaire was administered to ascertain their knowledge, attitude and practices regarding complementary feeding. Various believes affecting their practices, knowledge on hygienic practices and feeding during illnesses was also assessed. A total of 302 mothers and primary care givers of children aged upto six months admitted to paediatric wards were recruited and 51.3% (n=155) were aware that complementary feeding (CF) had to be introduced at the end of six months. A total of 66 (21.9%) mothers had already started CF but only half of them (10.3%) followed a medical advice. Poor milk flow was the main reason for early CF without medical advice. Around 90% were aware of good hygienic practices while feeding the child. Mothers who strongly agreed to give extra meal for 2 weeks when the child recovered from acute illness and continued it for six months from the child started to gain weight when there was growth faltering were 1.7%(n=5) and 3.3%(n=10) respectively. Nearly 37 (12.3%) mothers strongly agreed that the child’s nutritional needs increased during the illness whereas 54% (n=163) strongly disagreed. Overall 22.8% (n=69) had good knowledge, 74.2% had average knowledge and 3% had poor knowledge about CF. Literacy level, economic status, type of family, marital status of the mother and the ability to read and understand the facts given in CHDR were significantly related (p<0.05) with the knowledge of mothers regarding complementary feeding. Awareness needs to be generated through IEC activities in hospitals and primary care level regarding the benefits and importance of timely complementary feeding.