bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   Department of Economic and Financial Analysis, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland, Kubiczek Jakub , Hadasik Bartłomiej ,   Department of Business Informatics, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland
Published: July 2022

The coronavirus pandemic affected all areas of social life and changed the conditions in which most industries operate. The current forms of profitable business activities were suspended in many sectors of the market, which forced entrepreneurs to adapt to the new market conditions. During the Covid-19 pandemic, particular attention should be paid to the activities of enterprises in two so far closely related areas: corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development (SD). Enterprises typically pursued sustainable development goals (SDGs) and supported them as part of their CSR. The paper is exploratory in nature and it aims to determine the degree of CSR commitment and the implementation of the SDGs during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic. The results show that the sudden outbreak of the pandemic and the equally dynamic response of governments left some enterprises in uncertainty as going concerns. However, financially sound companies have become committed to helping the population groups most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, the pandemic situation has significantly distanced companies from achieving the intended long-term Global Goals, and the spread of the Covid-19 disease has a significant (mostly negative) impact on the sustainable development of the world. Furthermore, it is impossible to determine the long-term impact of a pandemic on CSR activities and on the implementation of the SDGs.
Application of TOPSIS Method for Alternate Construction Technology Selection for Efficient Performance of Sustainable and Affordable Housing
Authors: Chouksey Richa , Paul Virendra Kumar , Judson Luke , Kumar Kuldeep , Dua Sumedha
Published: July 2022

India’s Urban Population has grown over the past 3-4 decades from 109 million in 1971 to 377 million in 2011 and is expected to grow to almost 600 million by 2030. This influx of population is causing an increased demand for affordable housing in urban areas. There are numerous parameters that need to be considered for selection of these technologies to make the project economically viable which is the utmost priority for Affordable Housing. Accounting to the post occupancy affordability of housing, sustainability must be incorporated to help reduce the overall life cycle costing of the building simultaneously ensuring a comfortable and affordable living for LIG and EWS. The framework was developed using the method of “Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)”, which helps identify the best ACT for a particular project by analyzing its closeness to the Ideal Solution. The attempt is to make the decision making of technology selection efficient considering the possible risk and for ensuring that the project meets the criteria of affordability in the truest sense.
Loss Reduction on Enugu 24-bus 33KV Distribution Network Using Optimally Placed Distributed Generation
Authors: Vincent Ifeanyi , Iyidobi Jonathan Chijindu , Opata Chikammadu Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

Electric power generation in Nigeria stands at 30% less than the demand and of all the power generated, 50% is recorded as loss in the distribution networks. This ugly trend has severe socioeconomic implications on country, especially in the southeastern part of the country which receives only 9% of the total power generated through Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC). Against this backdrop, this paper focuses on the minimization of losses on the Enugu 24 bus distribution network using distributed generation (DG). The case study network was modeled and characterized on MATLAB/PSAT. Repeated power flow (RPF) and continuation power flow (CPF) were executed on the modeled network using SIMULINK/PSAT to determine the optimum location and optimum size of the DGs. Having optimally sized and placed the DGs on the identified vulnerable buses; the result shows that the real power loss was mitigated by 76.8% while 12 buses operating at under-voltage levels below 0.95PU were strengthened to the normal voltage level of 0.95pu≤ V ≤ 1.05pu. The implication of this result is that the high losses being recorded on Enugu 24 bus 33kV distribution network can be drastically minimized by using the method described by this paper.
Microbial Degradation of Benzene : A Review
Authors: Patel Janvi , Goti Dhvani
Published: July 2022

Benzene is a recalcitrant compound and is classified as priority pollutants. Releasing benzene into the environment whether accidentally or due to human activities is a main cause of soil pollution. Cleaning up these pollutants from the environment is a vital world problem. Bioremediation has become a major method employed in refurbishment of benzene polluted environments that makes use of natural microbial biodegradation activity. benzene utilizing microorganisms are ubiquitously distributed in petroleum contaminated soil. They naturally biodegrade pollutants and thereby put an end to them from the environment. Removal of benzene pollutants from the environment by applying oleophilic microorganisms is eco friendly and economic. This microbiological decontamination is asserted to be an efficient and versatile alternative to physicochemical treatment. This article provides an overview about bioremediation for benzene pollutants with the help of microbial isolates that are isolated from the petroleum contaminated soil.
BCO-DMO: Surfing the Crests and Troughs of Data Sharing
Authors: Kinkade Danie
Published: July 2022

Many of the challenges currently associated with sharing oceanographic data currently facing researchers and the repositories through which they share their data, are cultural rather than technical. This talk presents an overview of obstacles and opportunities related to data sharing within the oceanographic community.
Nanoluminofors based on siliсates and germanates of rare earth elements for visualization of biotissues
Authors: Zuev Mikhail G. , Il'ves Vladislav G. , Sokovnin Sergei Yu.
Published: July 2022

Nanoparticles of silicates and germanates with a general formula Sr2R8–x–yErxYbyM6O26 (R = Y, La; M = Si, Ge) were produced in vacuum by the method of pulse electron beam evaporation. An upconversion photoluminescence of the nanoparticles was detected during the excitation by a laser with a wavelength of 980 nm with a predominance of lines in the red and near infrared regions of the spectrum. Due to their optical properties, the nanoparticles can be excited directly through the biotissues to visualize various pathologies. The obtained nanosamples have K-jumps of X-ray radiation absorption in the 10−100 keV energy region. This opens up prospects for the use of the nanoparticles as X-ray contrast agents. Thus, the nanoparticles have both optical and X-ray contrast characteristics, and therefore have the potential necessary for imaging and diagnosing pathologies in biological tissues.
Catalytic activity and selectivity of Palladium and Nickel catalysts in hydrogenation reactions of nitro- and acetylene compounds
Authors: Jeldybayeva Indira M. , Kairbekov Zhaksyntay K. , Kishibayev Kazhmukan O. , Yermoldina Elmira T. , Suimbayeva Saltanat M.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the results of a study on the catalytic activity and selectivity of nickel and palladium catalysts in hydrogenation reactions of nitro- and acetylene compounds. It was shown that the activity and selectivity of nickel catalysts in the hydrogenation of phenylacetylene depend on the nature of modifying additives (Cu, Zn, Ti, Cr, Bi, Ti–Cu, Mn, Fe), and the activity and selectivity of palladium catalysts based on a polymer of metal complexes depends on the method of their preparation. It was found that for certain concentrations of the active phase of palladium (0.8 wt.%) and the polymer of potassium humate (1.0 wt.%.) in the catalyst, where palladium and the polymer were deposited on bauxite-094 together, the catalyst exhibits the greatest activity and selectivity when hydrogenating phenylacetylene and potassium orthonitrophenolate.
Synthetic strategy toward furyl- and benzofuryl-containing building blocks for organic materials
Authors: Eshmemet’eva Diana A. , Vshivkov Danil K. , Vasev Yury A. , Myasnikov Danil A.
Published: July 2022

A synthetic approach to furyl- and benzofuryl-containing building blocks utilizing easily accessible substrates is reported. Cascade acid-catalyzed reactions of 2-methylfuran with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds or salicyl alcohols followed by oxidation afford functionalized furans and benzofurans, respectively. Synthetic potential of the obtained products was demonstrated by synthesizing hetaryl-substituted heterocycles, which may find an application in materials chemistry.
PDIS: A Service Layer for Privacy and Detecting Intrusions in Cloud Computing
Authors: Mumtaz Rusul , Samawi Venus , Alhroob Aysh , Alzyadat Wael , Almukahel Ikhlas
Published: July 2022

Cloud computing faces numerous challenges in many areas including security and privacy issues. In this work, a developed approach is suggested to tackle three security and privacy issues: network intrusion detection (NID), privacy, and internal attacks. A decision tree (J48) has been used to generate a set of rules based on the CICIDS2017 dataset to solve the NID problem. The accuracy of the generated rules approaches 99.8%. A set of policies are attached to the data file on the bases of a sticky policy to preserve privacy. A new approach is suggested based on blockchain to detect internal attacks in real-time, in which a set of trustees-chain are identified by the data owner. Any data modification conducted by a trusted member will be reported to all members of the trust group including the owner. The developed approach suggests adding a Privacy and Detecting Intrusions Service (PDIS) layer as part of the cloud computing main service model. PDIS includes the three suggested approaches above (NID, sticky policy, and trustees-chain). Finally, a web-based application is implemented to act as casework to validate PDIS and evaluate its reliability. Keywords: Cloud computing, Privacy, Machine learning, Internal Intrusion Detection, Network Intrusion Detection, Real Time Auditing
Assessing and Achieving Intended Learning Outcomes against the NQF Case of CS Program at Jadara University
Authors: Zaqaibeh Belal
Published: July 2022

Achieving learning outcomes in the academic programs is an essential requirement for ensuring students are gained the required knowledge and skills that are comply with market needs. An efficient mechanism is required to check the extent of learning outcomes achievement and their impact on students. An efficient method is designed and applied on the academic programs at Jadara University with good performance and positive results that guide faculty members and managements on defining the weaknesses and strong improvements. Keywords: Learning outcomes, National Qualifications Framework, NQF, Quality
Pourquoi le français? Um estudo de caso sobre ideologias linguísticas
Authors: Sousa Socorro Cláudia Tavares de , Koffmann Rossana Souto Lima , Ponte Andrea Silva
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho inserido no campo da Política Linguística (PL) tem como objetivo investigar as ideologias linguísticas sobre a língua francesa (LF) presentes em textos de alunos de francês como língua estrangeira (FLE), em seis escolas de língua, na cidade de João Pessoa. Para atingirmos tal objetivo, analisamos, qualitativamente, as respostas a uma pergunta de um questionário aplicado a 174 alunos, explorando o conteúdo temático e os elementos textuais a partir da Linguística Textual (Koch, 2000a, 2000b). A análise foi realizada conforme os pressupostos teóricos das Ideologias Linguísticas (Del Valle, 2007; Arnoux & Del Valle, 2010; e Del Valle & Meirinho-Guede, 2016). Os resultados indicaram que as ideias sobre a LF apresentam conexões diversas com dimensões sociais: estética – LF como símbolo de elegância e requinte e LF como representativa de uma cultura superior-, epistemológica – LF como língua da ciência -, identidade nacional – LF como língua da França -, identidade internacional – LF como língua da diplomacia - e laboral – LF como língua para o mercado de trabalho.
USO DE MEMBRANA AMNIÓTICA HUMANA DESCELULARIZADA EM ANASTOMOSES INTESTINAIS: ESTUDO EM RATOS TRATADOS COM 5-FLUOROURACIL
Authors: Ferrarin Daniel Dantas , Czeczko Nicolau Gregori , Kubrusly Luiz Fernando , Malafaia Osvaldo , Sousa Eros Luiz de , Repka João Carlos Domingues , Caron Pedro Henrique Lambach , Souza Carlos José Franco de
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Atualmente emerge em nosso meio aplicações mais relevantes dos derivados perinatais, por exemplo, a membrana amniótica (MA), como fonte de biomateriais para emprego em diferentes processos cicatriciais. O comprometimento anastomótico por drogas antimetabólicas como o 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) é um potencial alvo da MA. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos cicatriciais do uso da MA em ratos tratados com 5-FU na dose de 20 mg/kg ao 7º. dia de evolução pós-operatória quanto aos parâmetros porcentagem de colágeno tipo I (maduro), viabilidade celular, densidade microvascular e formação do tecido de granulação. Método: Utilizaram-se 32 ratos da linhagem Wistar submetidos à colotomia e colorrafia separados em 4 grupos com 8 e receberam diferentes tratamentos diariamente por via intraperitoneal até o dia do sacrifício: Solução fisiológica (C), 20  mg/kg 5-FU, 20 mg/kg 5-FU e MA, MA. Resultados: O tratamento com 20 mg/kg de 5-FU, ao 7º. dia pós-operatório induziu efeitos adversos no processo cicatricial anastomótico evidenciados pela diminuição da porcentagem de colágeno tipo I (maduro), da viabilidade celular, da densidade microvascular, da formação de crosta fibrinoleucocitária e da proliferação angiofibroblástica; o uso da MA nestas condições induziu melhora da porcentagem de colágeno tipo I (maduro). Conclusão: O tratamento com 20 mg/kg de 5-FU, ao 7º. dia pós-operatório induziu efeitos adversos no processo cicatricial anastomótico e o uso da MA nestas condições induziu melhora da porcentagem de colágeno tipo I (maduro).
Comparison of the Shear Bonding Strength of ION-Z GIC to a Resin Composite Using Different Adhesive Systems: In vitro Study
Authors: Lala Sana , Lazkani Thuraya
Published: July 2022

In restorative dentistry, we usually use Sandwich Technique for posterior restorations where GIC is placed below and a resin composite is placed over it. The bonding strength between these two materials is low. We are looking for the best adhesive system to put in between. We think that the self-etching bond will give the best bonding strength between them whereas the total-etch will give lower bonding strength than the self-etching system.
Assessment of multiple precipitation interpolation methods and uncertainty analysis of hydrological models in Chaohe River basin, China
Authors: Binbin Guo  , Jing Zhang  , Tingbao Xu  , Yongyu Song  , Mingliang Liu  , Zhong Dai
Published: July 2022

Precipitation interpolation is widely used to generate continuous rainfall surfaces for hydrological simulations. However, increasing the precision of values at the unknown points generated by different spatial interpolation methods is challenging. This study used the Chaohe River Basin, which is an important source of Beijing’s drinking water, as a research area to comprehensively evaluate several precipitation interpolation methods (Thiessen polygon, inverse distance weighting, ordinary kriging and ANUSPLIN) for inputs in hydrological simulations. This research showed that the precipitation time-series surface generated using the ANUSPLIN interpolation method had higher accuracy and reliability. Using this precipitation input to drive the hydrological models, we explored the parameter uncertainties of four typical hydrological models (GR4J, IHACRES, Sacramento and MIKE SHE) based on the multi-objective generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method. The GLUE method was used to study the parameter sensitivity and uncertainty of the model. Results showed that the ANUSPLIN precipitation interpolation surface combined with the Sacramento model performed best. The multi-objective GLUE method had obvious advantages in parameter uncertainty analysis in hydrological models. Simultaneously exploring the convex line and point density distributions of the behavioural parameters with multi-objective functions determined their distribution and sensitivity more effectively.
Optimization, characterization and adsorption properties of natural calcite for toxic As(III) removal from aqueous solutions
Authors: Khizar Hussain Shah  , Muhammad Fahad  , Zahid Ali Ghazi  , Sajjad Ali  , Asim Shahzad  , Salah Ud Din
Published: July 2022

The potential of natural (N) and magnetized (M) forms of different rocks (calcite and dolomite) and clays (bentonite, kaolinite, and hematite) were evaluated for the removal of As(III) from aqueous solutions, in order to optimize and scrutinize the most suitable adsorbent. The order observed for efficiency of As(III) removal was N-calcite > N-dolomite > M-calcite > M-dolomite > N-bentonite > M-bentonite > M-kaolinite > N-kaolinite > M-hematite > N-hematite. On the basis of this analysis, natural calcite was further selected for in-depth analysis of various adsorption parameters such as time, pH, temperature, dosage, and concentration of As(III) ions. An excellent adsorption capacity of 19.05 mg‧g−1 was displayed by calcite for As(III), which was significantly higher than that previously reported for other studies. The characterization of adsorbent calcite was performed by various analytical techniques:XRD, XRF, FTIR, SEM-EDS, TG/DTA and PZC. The kinetic investigation revealed that the adsorbent successfully removed over 98% of As(III) from aqueous solution after 160 minutes of equilibration time. The adsorption data was well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model and fairly described by the pseudo-second-order mechanism. The mean energy of adsorption (E) determined from the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) model was less than 8 kJ‧mol-1 , which indicates a physical adsorption process. The calculated thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption of As(III) by calcite is endothermic, favourable and spontaneous.
A 460 éves debreceni nyomdászat jubileumi kiadványai
Authors: Oláh Róbert
Published: July 2022

Melius Juhász Péter és Huszár Gál együttműködéséből indult útjára a debreceni városi nyomda 1561-ben. A következő századokban a református egyházi használatra szánt káték, ágendák, énekeskönyvek, prédikációgyűjtemények, kegyes munkák mellett a vásárokon kelendő bibliai és széphistóriák, kalendáriumok, valamint hivatalos kiadványok és nem utolsósorban a kollégiumi oktatás nélkülözhetetlen tankönyvei jelentek meg a tipográfiában. A nyomda élén olyan kiváló mesterek váltották egymást, mint Hoffhalter Rafael és Rudolf, Lipsiai Rheda Pál és Péter, a Tótfalusi-tanítvány Töltési István, Margitai János és István, ugyanakkor fogalommá vált a szegényes készlettel dolgozó Karancsi György neve is. 2021-ben a működése 460. évfordulóját ünneplő jogutód, az Alföldi Nyomda a világszintű papírhiány ellenéretekintélyes válogatással emlékezett meg a jubileumról.
Letter regarding “Associations of non-HDL-C and triglyceride/HDL-C ratio with coronary plaque burden and plaque characteristics in young adults”
Authors: Aktas Gulali
Published: July 2022

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Detoxification: We need necessary endogenous pathways
Authors: Manfred Doepp
Published: July 2022

Toxins are substances that burden the body and can lead to disease. They either originate from the body’s metabolism or were supplied from outside. The organism is forced to transport these substances out if it wants to maintain its integrity. There are many ways to do this that we are rarely aware of. These will be pointed out. It is of great importance that we do not suppress them, but activate them. The know-how necessary for this should be known by every person.
Precontinuity and applications
Authors: Janusz Matkowski
Published: July 2022

1In this note, a map f acting between metric (or topological) spaces is referred to be pre-continuous at a point x if, for some sequence of points different from x and converging to x, the sequence converges to (section 2, Definition 1).
Ocean acidification: A weapon against the sea life
Authors: Shefali Arora , Krishna Samanta
Published: July 2022

The term ocean acidification (OA) is known as the lowering in the pH of the ocean by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere over a continued period of time. Various factors such as land use change and the burning of fossil fuels increase the concentration of CO2 which was absorbed by the ocean at a factor of 30% which causes many chemical reactions [1].
Review on Listeriosis in small ruminants and public health significance in Ethiopia
Authors: Belete Gobasho Kundul , Mohammedkemal Mustefa Ame
Published: July 2022

Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterium mostly transmitted to man through food and it can cause mild gastroenteritis or severe infections of the bloodstream and/or the central nervous system, or abortion, depending on host susceptibility. Listeriosis is a serious illness caused by eating food contaminated with the bacterium Listeria, which is a Gram-positive psychotropic, facultatively anaerobic, none sporulating, motile, small rod. It displays characteristic tumbling motility that is facilitated by the presence of peritrichous flagella. Motility is temperature-dependent, showing high motility at 20-30°C when the flagellar expression is maximum. L. monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment and can be found in soil, water, feces, silage, effluent foods, and sewage. It has the ability to form biofilms which can contribute to its ability to colonize food processing facilities. The primary mode of transmission for Listeria is through soil contamination and ingestion of contaminated feed. Calves that develop the septicemic disease may acquire infection from contamination of the cow teat from the ingestion of milk containing the organism or from a cow with subclinical bacteremia, through the navel from the environment and also as congenital infection. Infection with Listeria. monocytogenes usually follow ingestion of contaminated feed and may result in septicemia, encephalitis, and abortion. There are few clinical features that are unique to listeriosis. Therefore, clinicians must consider a variety of potential causes of infection, including viral infections (influenza) and other bacterial infections that may cause sepsis or meningitis. Cook thoroughly raw food from animal sources, such as beef, pork, or poultry. Wash raw vegetables thoroughly before eating. Keep uncooked meats separate from vegetables and from cooked foods and ready-to-eat foods. Avoid raw (unpasteurized) milk or foods made from raw milk. Wash hands, knives, and cutting board and can contact with before and after handling cooked foods.
PBMCs isolation from CPT™ tube v2
Authors: Woong-Yang Park not provided
Published: July 2022

This protocol details the procedure for collection and isolation of blood samples using CPT tubes.
EU Asylum Governance and E(xc)lusive Solidarity: Insights From Germany
Authors: Uçarer Emek M.
Published: July 2022

The response to the so‐called refugee crisis of 2015 in the European Union was haphazard and inconsistent with the stated mission of solidarity. This article situates the EU’s response and its Common European Asylum System (CEAS) as defensive integration producing the lowest common denominator policies. It argues that the rise of right‐wing populism redefines solidarity in narrow and exclusionary terms, in contrast to the inclusive and global solidarity espoused by the EU. Drawing on Germany as a case study of how domestic populist pressures also rise to the European level, the article juxtaposes the demise of the EU’s temporary relocation system (an attempt at internal inclusive solidarity) and the success of the EU–Turkey deal (an attempt at externalization and risk avoidance), both initiatives led by Germany. Solidarity efforts championed by Germany were quickly stymied by (Central Eastern European) member states that not only rejected efforts at temporary solutions but blocked efforts to develop permanent mechanisms and a substantive CEAS reform.
Cryptocurrency in The Perspective of Maqasid Al-Shariah
Authors: Wartoyo Wartoyo , Haerisma Alvien Septian
Published: July 2022

This study explains the Islamic economic perspective on cryptocurrency, in this case, in the light of maqashid shariah. This research was a literature study and qualitative in nature. The data analysis applied a descriptive-analytical technique with a normative juridical approach to Islamic law. The results of this study conclude that cryptocurrency has a much greater element of mafsadah than maslahah. It is an investment commodity rather than a currency with a very high level of risk and volatility that reflects the mafsadah. This is the attraction of a new investment model because it only follows the trend of global market developments that are far from the function and benefits of currency in the perspective of Islamic economics.
A prospective observational study on obesity related maternal and fetal complications at government headquarters hospital, Cuddalore
Authors: Sethupathy Raja Chella , Rathinasabapathy Kala , Apparu Kumar
Published: July 2022

Background: The magnitude of the obesity prevalence has been increasing in developed and developing nation. This study was to find out the obesity related maternal and neonatal complications in Cuddalore district. Methods: This prospective observational COHORT study was carried out among the pregnant women for whom detailed history was obtained with complete general and physical examination. They were followed up to delivery and postpartum until discharge and the outcomes were studied.Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) of obese women was 32.42 and that of control women was 22.59. Obese women had increased incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus at 2.67%, gestational hypertension in obese group at 10.67%, caesarean delivery at 85.33% and needed induction at 89.33% when compared to control group at 1.33%, 5.33%, 36% and 72% respectively. Obese mothers of caesarean delivery (8%) had a prolonged hospital stay due to wound gaping and wound infections, when compared to mothers of control group (2.67%). Babies of obese mothers (16%) had a prolonged hospital stay due to respiratory distress, neonatal jaundice and macrosomia, when compared to babies of mothers from control group (2.67%). We found that 33.33% of obese women delivered babies of weight 3.5 kg and above, when compared to control group (6.67%) and some needed NICU admission (14.67%).Conclusions: The study confirmed from the population that obesity during pregnancy has increased number of complications like gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, increased need for cesarean section, large babies needing NICU support.
Efficacy of cabergoline in the prevention of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in high-risk women undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment
Authors: Palani Praveena , Sharmila Vijayan , Arun Babu Thirunavukkarasu , K. K. Gopinathan
Published: July 2022

Background: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of controlled ovarian stimulation (COH). Cabergoline has been tried as a preventive measure for OHSS in high-risk women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. Our study was done to assess the effectiveness of cabergoline in preventing severe OHSS in high-risk women undergoing ART treatment.Methods: This is a prospective interventional study done among patients undergoing ART with serum estradiol levels >4000 pg/ml on the day of hCG administration were included in the study. Women undergoing ART with serum estradiol levels >4000 pg/ml on the day of hCG administration, were assigned into two groups using random number allocation. Women in treatment group received cabergoline 0.5 mg daily for 8 days from the day of hCG administration and control group did not receive Cabergoline therapy. The patients in both groups were followed up to study the incidence and severity of OHSS in that treatment cycleResults: The incidence of severe OHSS was two in each group with clinical and ultrasound evidence of ascites. Embryo transfer was cancelled in one patient in each group in view of severe OHSS with tense ascites. One patient in treatment group had severe OHSS that needed peritoneal fluid tapping with fresh frozen plasma administration. Life threatening complications were not encountered in any of the patients with high risk for OHSS included in the study.Conclusions: Cabergoline did not prevent the incidence of severe OHSS in patients at high risk for OHSS in our study. Large randomized trials would be needed to confirm the findings of our study.
Contraceptive trends in an industrial belt of central India: a study in ESIC Model hospital over three years
Authors: Mukherjee Shubhra , Bhattacharjee Somen , Sodhiya Hemlata
Published: July 2022

Background: India was the first country to adopt a population policy and launch family planning program in 1952. Contraceptive usage has tripled in last 40 years. Although the national fertility rate has dropped significantly, the total fertility rate of MP  is still at 2.0. The unmet need of contraception was evaluated at 9 % (NHFS 4), dropped down to 5.2 % in urban areas (NHFS 5, phase 1). The focus is mainly on birth limitation.Methods: The study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology in ESIC Model hospital, Indore. Period of study was from January 2019 to December 2021. Study population comprised of 300 married non-pregnant women. Data was divided into three categories-traditional methods, temporary modern methods and terminal methods. Study population was divided into five groups-number of living children, religion, education, residence, income.Results: 48% of study population had two or more living children. Maximum women belonged to Hinduism (62.5%) followed by Islam (26.3%). Majority of women belonged to urban residence (55.33%). Traditional method of contraception usage was overall low (5-6.7%). The most popular method was the terminal method (69-75 %) followed by temporary method (20-23%). No male sterilization done in this period.Conclusions: Female sterilization accounts for two thirds of all contraceptive use. The usage of modern methods is limited. Male sterilization is soon going to be a thing of past. The burden of contraception still falls on women. The focus should shift from birth limitation to birth spacing.
Prevalence of fear of fall in perimenopausal overweight and obese women between 40-50 years of age
Authors: Kirtane Chaitali , Talreja Ankita , Chainani Mamta , Tembhurne Snehalata
Published: July 2022

Background: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, coupled with their association with disability, and disease has main to their identification as a major, potentially preventable cause of premature morbidity and late sequalae as death. Obesity not only increases the risk of falls, but also the fear of falling resulting postural fluctuations and loss of balance even if there is not any history of falls. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence for fear of fall in perimenopausal overweight and obese women between 40-50 years of ageMethods: It was a cross-sectional study of 89 overweight and obese perimenopausal women between 40-50 years of age. Perceived weight was documented, body mass index was calculated and modified fall efficacy scale were used to evaluate the fear of fall.Results: As there was more fear of fall while using rare steps and while crossing the road and while using the public transport in perimenopausal obese women. Whereas there was fear of fall while using rare steps and while doing shopping in perimenopausal overweight women.Conclusions: The study concludes positive prevalence of fear of fall among obese and overweight perimenopausal women. Less confidence was noted in activities like using front or rear steps at home, crossing road, using public transport and simple shopping.
Correlation of non-stress test with fetal outcome in term of apgar score: a prospective observation study
Authors: Jakhar Balveer , Bamaniya Archana , Sharma Anuj Kumar , Rastogi Radha , Patel Kalpesh
Published: July 2022

Background: The objectives of antepartum fetal surveillance are to prevent fetal death and avoidance of unnecessary intervention. This study using NST as a tool for routine antepartum fetal surveillance is we will be trying to catch up those fetuses who might be at risk in womb and provide prompt intervention in otherwise considered normal pregnancies without any obvious high-risk factor thus giving the best outcome in mothers.Methods: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of the non-stress test with fetal outcome in pregnancies from 37-42 weeks of gestation.  This was a prospective observational study at RNT Medical college Udaipur (Rajasthan) from November 2021 to March 2022. This study included 100 normal pregnant mothers from 37 weeks to 42 weeks who were subjected to NST.Results: The parameters of poor fetal outcome like apgar score <7 at 5 minutes had increased incidences in the non-reactive group.Conclusions: This study suggests that the NST was found to be a good predictor of the healthy foetus even in normal pregnancies between 37-42 weeks of gestation and the probability of an adverse outcome such as poor Apgar score increases with a non-reactive strip.
Short term effects of antenatal maternal betamethasone administration on CTG
Authors: T. Jayanthy , Raman Ragvi , Anjanappa Sanvithi
Published: July 2022

Background: Antenatal administration of corticosteroids to pregnant women has proven to enhance lung maturation, prevent respiratory distress syndrome and provide neuroprotection to the foetus. When betamethasone is given antenatally, it has been observed to transiently reduce fetal movements and fetal heart rate variability; which are often used as indicators of fetal wellbeing. Aim and objectives of the present study was planned to assess the short-term effects of antenatal betamethasone administration on fetal heart rate and its variability by visual interpretation of CTGMethods: A total of 30 women between gestational age of 28 weeks to 36 weeks 6 days with singleton pregnancy requiring maternal betamethasone administration were enrolled and the first CTG was taken. First dose of injection betamethasone 12 mg i.v. was administered and second CTG was taken 6 hours later and both the CTGs were compared.Results: After 1st dose of antenatal betamethasone, 90% of the cases had changes in fetal heart rate on CTG. In 53.3% cases, the baseline fetal heart rate was reduced while in 46.7% there was no change. There was reduced fetal heart rate variability in 56.7% cases while 23.3% cases had increased variability and rest 20% had no observable change. 73.3% study patients delivered and 26.6% study patients continued pregnancy. Among those who delivered, 20% neonates required neonatal ventilator support and 10% required oxygen support. All neonates were eventually discharged.Conclusions: Maternal betamethasone administration can cause changes in fetal heart rate and variability on CTG. Hence, other fetal parameters have to be considered before concluding fetal distress as these changes maybe transient. In our study, though CTG changes were seen in 90% cases, only 20% cases required neonatal ventilator support.
Successful nonsurgical management of pelvic organ prolapse in infertility: a case series
Authors: Pandey Mily , Pandey Divya
Published: July 2022

Pelvic organ prolapse is a less commonly cited cause of female factor infertility. This could be attributed to cervical factor or to distorted utero tubal relationship. When the cervix constantly lies outside the vagina, there is impaired venous return resulting in congestion, inflammation and ulceration, which is further aggravated by friction. Cervical dryness even hampers sperm and cervical mucus interaction leading to impaired capacitation. Here, we present 4 cases of cervico vaginal descent where main presenting complain was inability to conceive and were diagnosed to have prolapse on clinical workup. These cases had successful pregnancy outcome after conservative management with the placement of vaginal ring pessary of appropriate size. This reposits the cervix inside vagina, reduces cervical oedema, dryness and restores cervical mucus formation.
Caesarean myomectomy in a patient with multiple maternal and fetal comorbidities: a rare interesting case report
Authors: Pathan Zeba H. , Chavan Niranjan N. , Kampoowale Shreya , Kapote Deepali S. , Sakhalkar Ashwini S.
Published: July 2022

Caesarean myomectomy has been traditionally discouraged due to the fear of complications like intractable haemorrhage, peripartum hysterectomy, and increased postoperative morbidity. Recently, a number of authors in their studies have shown that myomectomy during caesarean section does not increase the risk of haemorrhage or postoperative morbidity, if adequate haemostatic methods are used and done by skilled surgical hands. Caesarean myomectomy was performed in a case of elderly primigravida with 36-week gestation with chronic hypertension with polyhydramnios with anterior wall pedunculated fibroid of 8.6×7.2×8 cm and multiple small fibroids in the anterior wall, fundus and subserosal plane. Caesarean myomectomy is a safe and effective procedure in a tertiary care centre at hands of an experienced surgeon.
About a case of a specific complication of monoamniotic twin pregnancy: umbilical cord entanglement
Authors: Wade Mouhamadou , Gueye Mamour , Mbodji Aissatou , Ndiaye Mame Diarra , Sene Mouhamet , Sow Pahté , Diallo Daouda Adama , Sylla Mouhamed Nazir , Mbaye Magatte
Published: July 2022

Monoamniotic twin pregnancies are uncommon and often complicated by umbilical cord entanglement. It is important to investigate a umbilical cord entanglement during antenatal ultrasound examinations. The diagnosis is based on ultrasound with color and pulsed Doppler. Despite the high percentage of cord entanglement, the perinatal mortality rate remains very low. Rigorous ultrasound monitoring and recording of fetal heart rhythms can improve the prognosis. We report a case of umbilical cord entanglement in a monoamniotic twin pregnancy discovered during a caesarean section with a favorable outcome.
Intraovarian migration of the intrauterine device; complicated by haemorrhagic ovarian cyst
Authors: Diaouga Hamidou S. , Yacouba Maimouna C. , Soumaila Hamissou , Garba Madeleine R. , Idi Nafiou , Nayama Madi
Published: July 2022

Intraovarian migration of the intrauterine device is a rare situation. We report a case of uterine perforation by an IUD that resulted in a haemorrhagic ovarian cyst in a 26-year-old multiparous woman. The diagnosis was suspected in the face of intense pelvic pain occurring 11 days after IUD insertion and confirmed by ultrasound. The treatment consisted of a laparotomy allowing the extraction of the IUD, the closure of the uterine breach and a cystectomy.
Broad ligament pregnancy - a rare form of ectopic
Authors: Sonak Mangala , Chaubey Arya , Harikanth Disha Rama , Waikar Manjushri
Published: July 2022

Ectopic pregnancy in the broad ligament is a serious form of extrauterine pregnancy which is very rare. The diagnosis is very difficult to establish especially in acute cases leading to many complications and maternal morbidity and mortality. We present the case of 22-weeks-old abdominal pregnancy who underwent emergency laparotomy for acute symptoms before her complete diagnostic evaluation. Ruptured broad ligament pregnancy was noted with hemoperitoneum. The patient recovered completely after surgery and was discharged in a stable condition. The diagnosis of broad ligament pregnancy is difficult to establish and challenging to manage because of its rarity, varied presentation and intra-operative complications. High chances of morbidity and mortality in both mother and foetus prompts increased awareness among both obstetricians and patients.
A rare case of ovarian hyperstimulation with torsion presenting with hypothyroidism
Authors: Balasubramanian Kruthiga Kumari , Arunachalam Pavai
Published: July 2022

A thirteen years old female child, who was recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism and polycystic ovary and under thyroid supplements, presented with acute abdominal pain of one day duration. Examination showed pallor with rough skin, hypotension (70/40 mmHg) and distended abdomen. Abdomen was tense with tenderness and guarding. Urgent contrast CT abdomen showed bilateral polycystic ovaries with left ovarian torsion and hemo-peritoneum. Blood investigations showed anemia (6.0 g/dL) and TSH >100 microIU/ml. She was stabilized with Intravenous fluids, packed red blood cells and taken up for surgery. Laparoscopy confirmed the diagnosis and detorsion with deroofing of cysts was done. A post-operative diagnosis of Van Wyk Grumbach syndrome - Hypothyroidsm with ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome with hemorrhagic torsion of left ovary was made. She withstood procedure well and was stable. She was discharged to a local hospital after 2 days of surgery. She is on thyroid supplements and doing well.
Pregnancy outcome in bicornuate uterus with pre-term labor: a case report
Authors: Saikia Smriti Rekha
Published: July 2022

Reproductive outcome and pregnancy rates are relatively challenging in women with uterine anomalies. Pregnancies in bicornuate uterus are considered as high-risk pregnancies which requires adequate antenatal screening and early diagnosis to prevent complications. Many cases remain asymptomatic but in later age during pregnancy it leads to severe complications.
Intimate hygiene for women: expert practice points
Authors: Gandhi Ashwini Bhalerao , Madnani Nina , Thobbi Vidya , Vora Priya , Seth Shobhit , Shah Poonam
Published: July 2022

Intimate hygiene is an important health aspect of females in day-to-day life. The practices of intimate hygiene vary widely around the globe due to cultural and religious beliefs. Currently, professional recommendations are limited in advising the optimal hygiene practices. Inappropriate practices can be concerning with the possibility of the development of infectious complications. Regular use of hygiene practices can improve overall health and boost self-confidence in females. In this review, we provided our expert suggestions on the importance and standard practices that can be adopted by females worldwide for adequate and effective intimate hygiene.
Etiology of male infertility: a review
Authors: Badar Ayesha , Khilwani Barkha , Lohiya Nirmal K. , Ansari Abdul S.
Published: July 2022

Infertility is one of the major health issues and a socially destabilizing condition for couples often causing marital disharmony. Infertility refers to the biological inability of an individual to contribute to conception over the course of one year of continuous unprotected intercourse. There are numerous factors such as anatomical, physiological, environmental, lifestyle and genetic factors that cause infertility. Male infertility can be diagnosed by different tools, for instance, physical examination, semen analysis, testicular biopsy, hormonal tests, urine test, immunobead test, sperm functional tests, sperm chromatin and abnormal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) assays, chromosome and genetic studies. There are diverse treatment options available for male infertility inclusive of hormonal, pharmacological, non-pharmacological, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory therapy, surgical, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), combination and herbal supplement with lifestyle changes. The infertility of known etiology has ample treatment success rate that vary by age, accurate diagnosis and effective therapy along with shared decision-making which can facilitate achievement of fertility goals. Thus, the review summarizes classification, causes, and diagnosis with treatment modalities of male infertility.
Is tenofovir disoproxil nephrotoxic in all patients? side effects of tenofovir and entecavir on kidney
Authors: Kiliç Jehat , Uçmak Feyzullah , Kiliç Delyadıl Karakaş , Ebik Berat
Published: July 2022

Background: Hepatit B virus (HBV) is one of the main causes of liver related morbidity and mortality in worldwide. This condition is also a significant healthcare problem in Turkey. Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir (TDF) are potent nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) recommended for the treatment of chronic HBV (CHB) infection. The aim of the study was to determine the association of NAs and nephrotoxicity in our CHB cohort.Methods: Between the January 2011-February 2021, there were 294 patients treated with TDF (N=194) and ETV (N=100). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) method. Kidney function tests were assessed at baseline and follow-up visits.Results: There were 294 patients in the total group. The mean follow-up period was 66±18 months. Age and sex distributions and baseline assessments including liver function tests, creatinine, GFR, HBV DNA values and pathology scores (HAI and fibrosis) were similar between TDF (N=194) and ETV (N=100) groups. Creatinin and GFR assessed at the last visit were 0.81±0.01 g/dl and 102.94±19.78 ml/min for TDF and 0.81±0.013 g/dl and 104.65±19.05 ml/min for ETV. These values were not significant between the both treatment groups. In terms of nephrotoxicity, none of the patients had significant changes in terms of creatinine and GFR that may require dose adjustment.Conclusions: We showed that the use of both drugs led to a decrease in GFR that was not clinically important in chronic hepatitis B patients with normal baseline renal tests and without co-morbidity.
Evaluation of liver function test abnormalities in patients having COVID-19 according to severity of disease
Authors: Waheed Ayesha , Nawaz Rizwana , Riaz Marryam , Ahmad Bilal , Faisal Shahrukh , Zafar Shamail
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 infection affects all major organs of body in addition to lungs. Damage done to liver varies from being hepatocellular, obstructive or mix pattern. The aim of the study was to evaluate abnormalities of LFTs, in COVID-19 patients according to disease severity in our population.Methods: A cross sectional study, conducted at GTTH and Surgimed Hospital Lahore, on 100 patients who presented with COVID-19 in between October 2020 and September 2021. According to Symptoms, patients were marked as having mild, moderate or severe disease. Bilirubin, Albumin, ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, LDH and prothrombin time were checked at admission and subsequently. Data was analyzed using SPSS v23.  Laboratory values were computed in each severity category and SD values, odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals were studied in logistic regression models. P value<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Among studied patients, 66% were male, 34% were female, mean age of 44.68±9.36 and range of 29-68 years. 29% were with mild disease, 40% with moderate disease, and 21% with severe disease level. 80% cases with rural background had moderate/severe disease levels while only 14.3% cases with severe levels were from urban areas. Only direct bilirubin showed a statistical significance with p value<0.05 in all severity groups. Other LFT’s didn’t show any significance between different severity groups.Conclusions: Among Liver function markers only bilirubin was related to COVID-19 disease and proportional to severity of disease.