bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Banka-Siphon Attached Eden-Canal of Damodar May be Develop as ‘Biodiversity-Biomedicines-Hub’ Improving World Policy
Authors: Datta Subhas Chandra , Das Arnab
Published: August 2023

The oldest habitat of the ‘Damodar-River-Based-Kanchannagar’; the Banka-Siphon-Dam (BSD) of Banka River (BR) attached Eden Canal (EC) of Damodar River (DR), covering a 3-5 sq km area, enriched different flora- and faunal diversity with agricultural fields and dense vegetation forty-five years ago. But it was decreasing gradually up to December 2019 due to massive visitors or tourists, picnic parties with large sound systems, irregular fishing, killing wild animals, cutting the trees, disturbing and catching different animals including migratory birds, unethical human behaviors, and urbanization nearby. The Covid-lockdowns also impacted the ecosystem during the pandemic coronavirus-disease (COVID-19), it has faced social and economic challenges among the communities, and health systems-“the invisible patients”, due to hampering truism and education, and suspicious killing or catch or death of grey-colored water monitor lizards, fishing cats, civet cats, and barn owls, and even migratory birds also. And it has lost the ecological balance of water, land and vegetation (micro bio-climate) with an increased viper snake, rodent population, etc. And adversely affect the environment (Water, Sanitation and Ecology) and societal problems. To overcome, it is therefore, augments that propagation of the artificial nests, awareness, plantation of different fruits plants, and cultivations would be beneficial to do away with the rodent menace largely, and inhibit the damage and economic losses, without putting any severe implications on the sustainability of pisciculture-fishery agro-ecosystems of the “Banka-Siphon Eden-Canal of Damodar May be Develop as ‘Biodiversity-Biomedicines-Hub’ Improving World Policy”. And the perfect ecological balance of water, land and vegetation may develop any ‘Future-Socioeconomically-Ecological-Tourist-Hub’.
A teoria do bem-estar no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial na Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Da Silva Santiago Cibelle , Da Silva Azevedo Jaíne ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Published: August 2023

A problemática deste trabalho foca nos aspectos positivos que puderam ser cultivados durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), visando minimizar os impactos negativos à saúde mental e promover o bem-estar. O objetivo geral é investigar os elementos da Teoria do Bem-Estar que foram utilizados pelos estudantes para desenvolver experiências positivas durante o ERE em Secretariado Executivo Bilíngue. A metodologia da pesquisa é do tipo bibliográfica e exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa e coleta de dados realizada com os discentes que se matricularam em disciplinas remotas, por meio de questionário aplicado entre os meses de junho e setembro de 2021. Como principais resultados, os estudantes conseguiram desenvolver algumas atividades para estimular o bem-estar durante o ERE: 1. praticam hobbie; 2. Demonstram empatia e compreensão; 3. Se preocupam em aumentar a resiliência; 4. Se consideram capazes de satisfazer suas próprias necessidades fisiológicas. 5. A emoção positiva mais sentidapelos estudantes foi a coragem.
Pemberdayaan UMKM Sebagai Penguatan Ekonomi Lokal di kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Adah Mas Adah
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) sebagai penguatan ekonomi local di kabupaen Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunaakan metode deskriptif kualitatif . Analisis data menggunakan analisa kualitatif miles dan huberman yaitu 1. Reduksi data (2) penyajian data  dan (3) penarikan kesimpulan.  Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa Berdasarkan data penelitian dan pembahasan tentang pemberdayaan UMKM sebagai penguatan ekonomi Di kabupaten jombang, yang sudah dilakukan oleh peneliti maka telah disimpulkan sebagai berikut: Model pemberdayaan UMKM sebagai penguatan ekonomi local di kanupaten Jombang adalah penyediaan sarana prasarana tempat berjualan dengan merelokasi dari alon alon jombang kecluster “Kuliner Jombang” di jalan Dr Sutomo. Adapun  bentuk dari model penguatan dengan penyediaan sarana prasarana oleh pemerintah kabupaten jombang adalah:  (1) Tempat strategis (2) Pngelompokan Usaha Kuliner (3) Tarif Retribusi yang Terjangkau (4) Pemberlakuan jam penutupan jalan bagi kendaraan Roda 4
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Migrasi Masuk Di Indonesia
Authors: Tualaka Helena , Seran Sirilius , Andari Ismi
Published: August 2023

Peneletian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengapa orang-orang memilih bermigrasi ke Indonesia apakah pertumbuhan ekonomi , indeks kebahagiaan dan Inflasi secara Parsial dan Simultan berpengaruh terhadap Migrasi masuk di Indonesia. data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BPS Indonesia. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Regresi sederhana dan regresi berganda . Hasil uji regresi sederhana menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi secara parsial berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap migrasi masuk, secara parsial indeks kebahagiaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap migrasi masuk, secara parsial inflasi berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap migrasi masuk, secara parsial pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap indeks kebahagiaan, secara parsial inflasi berpengaruh secara tidak signifikan terhadap indeks kebahagiaan, secara parsial inflasi berpengaruh secara tidak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sedangkan hasil uji regresi berganda atau secara simultan menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi, indeks kebahagiaan, dan inflasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap migrasi masuk.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika dalam Mokodan Kain Tenun Motif Kui pada Kebudayaan Masyarakat Alor Suku Abui
Authors: Padafing Angela
Published: August 2023

Skripsi ini berjudul “Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Dalam Moko Dan Kain Tenun Pada Kebudayaan Masyarakat Alor Suku Abui”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplor etnomatemtika yang terkandung dalam moko dan kain tenun pada masyarakat Alor suku Abui Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Subjek penelitian adalah dua informan dan objek penelitian adalah moko dan kain tenun. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi,wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: ditemukan konsep-konsep matematika sebagai pola dalam membuat moko dan kain tenun. Konsep matematika yang terkandung dalam moko dan kain tenun adalah: tabung, lingkaran, belah ketupat, persegi panjang, kesebangunan, garis sejajar.Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa matematika tumbuh dan berkembang dalam keteraturan adat masyarakat tertentu yangdisebut dengan istilah etnomatematika.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Pada Materi Pola Bilangan Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning di Kelas VIII SMP Negeri Kota Baru
Authors: Seran Frowin , Nahak Selestina , Mamoh Oktovianus
Published: August 2023

Skripsi dengan judul “Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika SiswaPada Materi Pola Bilangan Melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learningdi Kelas VIII SMP Negeri Kota Baru”.Rumusan masalah penelitian ini yaitu Bagaimana meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning pada materi pola bilangan di kelas VIII SMP Negeri Kota Baru?. Tujuan penelitian meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning pada materi pola bilangan di kelas VIII SMP Negeri Kota Baru.Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelasdengan menerapkan model pembelajaranProblem Based Learning. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIIIA berjumlah 28 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer. Alat pengumpulan data adalahlembar observasi dan tes. Cara mengumpulkan data dengan mengadakan observasi dan tes. Pelaksanaan Penelitian dalam 2siklus, dengan tahapan perancanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, refleksi. Teknik analisis data dengan menganalisis data hasil observasi dan hasil tes.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaranmenggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika materi Pola Bilangan pada siswa kelas VIIIA SMP Negeri Kota Baru Kefamenanu. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari persentase ketuntasan kelas setiap siklus yaitu siklus I sebesar 71,43% dan siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,14%.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Facebook Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika
Authors: Nahak Arkianus
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media sosial facebook terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Timor. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini termasuk jenis kuantitatif. Variabel bebasnya adalah media sosial facebook dan variabel terikatnya yaitu motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Timor. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika dari 4 angkatan yaitu angkatan 2016, 2017, 2018 dan 2019 berjumlah 410 orang dan diambil dengan teknik purposive random sampling berjumlah 108 orang. Data diperoleh dari kuisioner, teknik analisisnya menggunakan Uji t (Model Regresi) besar nilai konstanta a sebesar 49, 550 artinya jika media sosial facebook (X) = 0, maka motivasi belajar Y = 49, 550, koefisien regresi variabel media sosial facebook (b) bernilai sebesar 0, 294 artinya jika media sosial facebook bertambah satu – satuan maka motivasi belajar juga bertambah sebesar 0, 294. Hubungan variabel X dan Y positif artinya semakin tinggi mengakses media sosial facebook, maka semakin baik motivasi belajar mahasiswa, dari hasil uji t (Model Regresi) tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa media sosial facebook pengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika.
Penyusunan dan Publikasi Karya Ilmiah: Bimtek terhadap Guru-Guru di Wilayah Perbatasan NKRI-Timor Leste
Authors: Son Aloisius Loka , Mamoh Oktovianus , Talan Maria Rosalinda , Nitsae Dominikus
Published: August 2023

Writing and carrying out the process of publishing scientific papers for teachers is not an easy job. Therefore, this community service activity is carried out to equip teachers with an understanding of the systematics of an article, tricks for finding quality references, the use of grammar in writing scientific papers, strategies to avoid plagiarism traps, the style of journal templates, and the process of submitting articles. The methods of this community service are lectures and discussions. This activity was carried out online for 3 days, with 163 participants. Through the methods of activity above, participants can add insight into writing and submitting scientific articles, but participants have not yet produced scientific articles. Therefore, it is recommended that similar activities in the next period focus more on assisting participants to write articles, as well as assisting in the submission process and revision to the publication of articles in journals.
Stimulasi Minat Membaca Pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Storytelling
Authors: Kristanti Elisabeth , Harapan Ida
Published: August 2023

Salah satu potensi yang penting untuk dikembangkan dalam pertumbuhan kemampuan dasar pada anak usia dini adalah kemampuan membaca. Mendongeng merupakan bagian dari masa kecil setiap orang dan merupakan salah satu bentuk pengajaran paling tua yang masih dilakukan orangtua baik di saat senggang maupun secara terjadwal sebagai salah satu upaya untuk menumbuhkan minat membaca pada anak. Seiring pesatnya perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih, serta berkembangnya berbagai metode pembelajaran, secara signifikan tidak serta merta berpengaruh terhadap minat membaca peserta didik. Pada era digital yang semakin modern, kegiatan membaca buku merupakan sesuatu yang jarang dilakukan oleh pererta didik karena mereka lebih menyukai bermain gadget. Berdasar permasalahan tersebut, tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk membantu menstimulasi minat membaca peserta didik dengan menggunakan metode storytelling. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian dapat digambarkan bahwa peserta didik pada PAUD “Cinta Hari Esok” Lapeom terlihat semakin antusias ketika dibacakan cerita dongeng.
Persepsi Siswa SMA Fides Kefamenanu terhadap Pelatihan Ekstrakurikuler Jurnalistik
Authors: Sahan Meylisa Yuliastuti , Kamlasi Imanuel , Sahan Anselmus , Wisrance Maria Wihelmina
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The journalism training program which was launched through community service activities at SMAK FQI Kefamenanu in August 2022 aims to train them how to write news, find sources and publish it on the school bulletin. To find out their perceptions (N=27) about journalism and the training, at the end of the activity they were presented with a questionnaire containing 25 questions. The 25 questions relate to three main issues, namely their reasons for choosing journalistic activities, their understanding of journalism and the implementation of journalism extracurriculars. The results of the data analysis revealed that they had a positive perception (235 respons or 87%) of extracurricular journalistic activities at their school, understood the world of journalism (98 respons or 38% agreed) and agreed with extracurricular activities (103 respons or 38%) both at school and journalistic training conducted by the Unimor Service Team for them. Therefore, journalistic training should be made an important part of all extracurricular and curricular activities so that their interests, talents and abilities can really be developed properly.

Keywords: perception, SMA Fides, training, journalism
Penggunaan Aplikasi Wolfram mathematica Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bagi Guru-guru SMAK Warta Bakti Kefamenanu
Authors: Delvion Eduardus BS , Kehi Yohanes Jefrianus , Naimnule Maria , Bone Dominifridus
Published: August 2023

Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi dunia pendidikan adalah lemahnya proses pembelajaran. Dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar, siswa lebih banyak belajar secara teori. Media pembelajaran merupakan sumber belajar yang dapat membantu guru dalam memperkaya wawasan siswa, dengan berbagai jenis media pembelajaran oleh guru maka dapat menjadi bahan dalam memberikan ilmu pengetahuan kepada siswa. Aplikasi ini adalah wolfram mathematica yang merupakan aplikasi yang dalam penggunaannya dengan bahasa komputasi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan aplikasi wolfram mathmematica, memberikan pendampingan dan memberikan dorongan kepada guru atau tenaga pendidik di media pembelajaran bagi guru atau tenaga pendidik di SMAK Warta Bakti Kefamenanu agar semakin inovatif dan kreatif. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah guru-guru dan siswa memberikan respon positif berdasarkan angket kepuasan dan juga adanya pembaharuan instrumen pembelajaran berupa metode belajar dengan penggunaan media aplikasi berbasis komputasi.
Post-extrapolation for specified time-step results without interpolation in MOC-based 1D hydraulic transients and gas release computations
Authors: Estuti Abdallah A. , Litvai Elemér
Published: August 2023

The goal of the paper is to present a supplementary step called postextrapolation. When applied to the well-known method of characteristics (MOC), this assures the continuous use of the specified time steps or regular numerical grid without interpolations during computations of transients in 1D 2-phase flow in straight elastic pipes. The new method consists of two steps, the first being a typical MOC step, where the C− and C+ characteristics start from regular nodal points, allowing for the point of intersection to differ from a regular one. After defining the variables there the method transforms it corresponding to the near regular grid point, using the first derivatives contained in the original, nonlinear, governing equations, as evaluated numerically from the variables got earlier in the neighboring nodes. The procedure needs no interpolations; it deals with grid-point values only. Instead of the Courant-type stability conditions, shock-wave catching and smoothing techniques help to assure numerical stability between broad limits of parameters like the closing time of a valve and the initial gas content of the fluid. Comparison by runs with traditional codes under itemized boundary conditions and measurements on a simple TPV (tank-pipe-valve) setup show acceptable scatter.
Suicide After Homicide
Authors: Golenkov A.V. , Zotov P.B.
Published: August 2023

Впервые в отечественной литературе описаны постгомицидные самоубийства (самоубийства после убийства), их распространенность в регионах Российской Федерации (по данным репрезентативной выборки, собранной в 2002–2021 гг.), проведено сравнение с убийствами и самоубийствами. Авторами предложена оригинальная типология постгомицидных самоубийств, которая иллюстрируется собственными многочисленными наблюдениями из судебно-психиатрической практики. Отдельно рассмотрены редкие способы постгомицидных самоубийств (взрывы с помощью бытового газа, авиакатастрофы), постгомицидные самоубийства в художественной литературе, операх и кинематографе. Подробно обсуждаются вопросы диагностики, дифференциальной диагностики и подходы к профилактике. Приложения содержат показатели встречаемости постгомицидных самоубийств в субъектах Российской Федерации, список художественных произведений и опер с постгомицидными самоубийствами. Издание предназначено врачам, психологам, социальным работникам, юристам, сотрудникам правоохранительных органов. Может быть рекомендовано в качестве дополнительного учебного материала ординаторам, студентам медицинских, юридических вузов, факультетов психологии и социальной работы.
Former contre les inégalités. Pratiques et recommandations pour la formation des enseignant·e·s
Authors: Losego Philippe , Durler Héloïse
Published: August 2023

Nous nous trouvons dans une classe d’école enfantine. Une élève est un peu désemparée car, comprenant l’activité proposée par son enseignant comme un jeu, le « jeu de la marchande », elle ne saisit pas qu’il faut mettre un biscuit dans chaque ramequin à sa disposition, c’est-à-dire les apparier. Il est trop tard pour elle, le « jeu » s’achève sur un constat d’échec : « Elle n’est pas invitée à recommencer, elle a essayé, elle a perdu. […] La fillette ne dit rien et regarde son quatrième biscuit qu’elle tient entre ses deux mains. » Cette scène, décrite dans l’ouvrage, constitue, avec d’autres, un point de départ des réflexions des auteur·e·s sur les inégalités d’apprentissage et sur les moyens d’y remédier. Souvent conçues au niveau macrosociologique et associées à des indicateurs comme la profession des parents, ces disparités semblent fatales, hors de portée des enseignant·e·s, qui seraient alors réduit·e·s à les reproduire ou à les accompagner. Or, si l’on prête attention aux gestes pédagogiques du quotidien, on s’aperçoit qu’il existe de nombreuses possibilités pour les contrer. L’ouvrage, réunissant les contributions d’une quinzaine de spécialistes, porte à la fois sur la sensibilisation et la formation des enseignant·e·s aux inégalités sociales d’apprentissage et sur les moyens d’agir concrètement dans les classes et les établissements scolaires.
Risk Factors of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Under-Five Children in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Rajshahi
Authors: Ara Chaman , Sharmin Laila Shamima , Begum Fardoushi , Sarker Sanchita , Hossain Md Belal , Yeasmin Shahida , Mia Md Sanaul Haque
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) top the list of causes of under-five children mortality worldwide. Therefore, properly assessing and controlling these risk factors may help decrease the morbidity and mortality in under-five children suffering from CAP in Bangladesh and thereby help improve the quality of life of our future generation.

Objective: To assess the risk factors of CAP among under-five children ( 2-59 months ) in a tertiary-level hospital in Rajshahi.

Materials and methods: This case-control study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics and EPI Center of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, RMCH, from January 2017 to December 2018 to determine the risk factors of CAP among children under five. For this study, 246 children aged two months to 59 months were selected by purposive sampling. One hundred twenty-three were cases that were taken indoors, and 123 were healthy controls taken from the outpatient department & EPI center. After taking written consent from guardians, history was taken, and a physical examination was done. All information was recorded in a predesigned data sheet. The chi-square test and odds ratio were used to demonstrate significance.

Results: Among 246 children, more patients of both groups were male and came from rural areas. Cases were predominantly under 12 months and came from lower socioeconomic status. A statistically significant association was found between social class and CAP (<0.001); the father's literacy was inversely related to CAP (p-value <0.001). Types of housing, living room ventilation, overcrowding, fuel and cookers used for cooking, parental smoking, malnutrition, history of diarrhea and presence of anemia, prematurity, and low birth weight were significantly associated with CAP (p-value <0.05).

Conclusion: Proper assessment of these risk factors and controlling them may help decrease the morbidity and mortality in under-five children suffering from CAP in Bangladesh and thereby help improve the quality of life of our future generation.

TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 23-31
Role of Plastic Surgery in the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Nazneen Most Afroza , Choudhury Mohammad Ali
Published: August 2023

This article introduces plastic surgeons' various roles in managing diabetic foot ulcers. The role of plastic surgeons is multidimensional and, of course, challenging. Sometimes, the healing process of diabetic ulcer is as simple as only adequate wound care. Sometimes, the ulcer needs reconstruction through a skin graft or flap coverage. Unfortunately, some patients need amputation or disarticulation. Again, plastic surgeons are maximizing patients' future movement ability in the case of amputation. Thus, an experienced plastic surgeon can provide an optimum lifestyle to the diabetic patient.

TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 55-61
Comparison of the Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Short Wave Diathermy on Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Authors: Ahmed Monjur , Hoque Ahsanul , Zannat Nur A , Sadeque A B M Zafar , Khan Tariqul Islam
Published: August 2023

Background: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is widely used as a therapeutic adjunct in the management of low back pain. It is a relatively safe, non-invasive, and easy-to-use modality, making it an attractive treatment option. For more than four decades, TENS has been applied in the treatment of acute and chronic pain syndromes.  Short wave diathermy (SWD) is a modality that produces deep heating by converting electromagnetic energy to thermal energy. Short wave diathermy (SWD) is also a popular therapy for low back pain.

Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy between TENS and SWD on chronic nonspecific low back pain patients. One hundred twenty patients with chronic low back pain were treated according to inclusion & exclusion criteria. Patients were equally distributed in three groups. Group-A patients (n=40) were treated with NSAID+ADL, Group-B patients (n=40) were treated with NSAID+ADL+TENS, and Group-C patients (n=40) were treated with NSAID+ADL+SWD. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Data were calculated and analyzed by computer-based software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) Windows 16.0 version.  Main outcome measure (s): Subjective pain intensity score, visual analogue scale, tenderness index, disability due to pain, spinal mobility index, and Oswestry disability index.

Results: The mean duration of pain was found to be 23.90±2.57 months in group A, 21.0+1.50 months in group B and 22.1±1.89 months in group C. The visual analog score was improved individually in group-A, group B and Group C after treatment, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Oswestry disability questionnaire score was also improved individually in group-A, group B and Group C after treatment, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the case of comparison between Group B and Group C, this was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In this current study, it was observed that the entire variable individually improved in Group-A, Group B, and Group C. So, all three treatment groups benefited from drugs and therapy. However, these were not statistically significant (P>0.05) between Group B and Group C.

Conclusion: Beneficial effects of TENS and SWD were seen in the study population, but no firm conclusion could be drawn.

TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 63-73
Efficacy of Empagliflozin as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Joysoual Mita Rani , Ara Shahin , Haque Md Nazmul , Ghosh Rita , Afroze Tamanna , Aufi Saqib Salah
Published: August 2023

Background: Metformin is recommended as first-line pharmacotherapy for patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) who fail to achieve glycemic control through lifestyle modification. Metformin initially lowers blood glucose, but as diabetes progresses, it alone frequently fails to maintain glycemic control, and additional therapies are required. Empagliflozin is a potent and selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that is effective in reducing blood sugar levels as monotherapy or add-on to existing therapy with significant improvements in glycemic control and weight.

Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in collaboration with Rajshahi Diabetic Association General Hospital, Rajshahi, for one year from January 2021 to December 2021 on 50 uncontrolled T2DM patients (glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1c > 7.0 to ≤ 10.5%) for more than 12 weeks. The investigating drug, empagliflozin 10 mg (1 tablet) as a once-daily dose, was added to the ongoing treatment of each patient as 3rd line treatment and was followed up at 6 and 12 weeks.

Results: The mean FBS at baseline was 10.8 mmol/L, which declined to 8.5 mmol/L at six weeks and then to 7.2 mmol/L after 12 weeks of intervention with Empagliflozin as add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled T2DM. The overall reduction of FBS from baseline to 12 weeks of intervention was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Simultaneously the mean HbA1c also reduced from 9.4% to 7.7% after six weeks and to 7.1% after 12 weeks of intervention (p < 0.001). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased from 129 mmHg to below 120 mmHg (p < 0.001) and 82.3 mmHg to below 80 mmHg (p = 0.029), respectively, after three months of intervention.

Conclusion: Empagliflozin as add-on therapy responded well in patients with uncontrolled T2DM (previously treated with metformin combined with either sulfonylurea or DPP-4 inhibitors and/or supplemented by insulin) in achieving glycemic control. 

TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 89-95
Epidemiological Profile and Outcome of Pregnancy Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Amin Md Ruhul , Hoque Al Mirajun , Hussain Md Maruf , Bhattacharyya Partho Moni , Sardar Md Amzad Hossain , Hasan Md Aminul , Alam Md Mahidul
Published: August 2023

Background: In developing countries, pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury (PAAKI) is a significant cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. A systematic evaluation is essential to understand its frequency and severity in our setting.  Objectives: Primary aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile and outcome of patients with pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury.  Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Rajshahi medical college hospital, from January 2019 to March 2020. A total of 83 patients with pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury were evaluated. Patients who had a history of chronic kidney disease or were diagnosed as a case of chronic kidney disease were excluded from the study.

Result: The mean age±SD was 25.39±5.90 years. The majority were <30 years of age (56.6%). Only 24.1% had completed regular antenatal checkups. Preeclamsic toxaemia was present in 10.8% of patients. 85.5% of delivery was performed at hospitals/ clinics, and 75.9% of delivery was done by cesarean section. Unskilled birth attendants did 9.7% of delivery. Anaemia was present in 41.0% of patients at presentation, and 67.5% received a blood transfusion. Maternal mortality was 32.5%, and neonatal mortality was 21.7%. Renal replacement therapy was given in 56 (67.5%) patients. Among them, 47 (83.9%) received hemodialysis. Common causes of pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury were found to be sepsis (77.1%), postpartum hemorrhage (41.0%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (21.7%), severe preeclampsia (16.9%), HELLP syndrome (2.4%) and transfusion reaction (7.2%). 31.4% of patients recovered completely, and 10.8% of patients developed chronic kidney disease.

Conclusion: Providing good quality perinatal care is essential to reduce the frequency of pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury and maternal and neonatal mortality related to this.

TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 127-134
Frequency and Outcome of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Exclusive, Partial, and Non-Breastfed Babies
Authors: Sarker Sanchita , Ahmmad Be Nazir , Hossain Md Mosharrof , Paul Subal Chandra , Ara Chaman , Hossain Md Asgar
Published: August 2023

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding provides nutritional and immunological support for the normal growth and development of the infant. Bangladesh is traditionally a breastfed community. The probability of having an acute respiratory infection (ARI) episode was higher for formula-fed infants than fully breastfed infants during the first four months of life. The risks for partially breastfed infants fell between those of formula-fed and fully breastfed infants, suggesting a dose-response effect of breastfeeding on the risk of respiratory infection.

Objective: This study compares exclusive, partial, and non-breastfed groups regarding the frequency and outcome of acute respiratory infection.  Materials and methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was done at the Department of Pediatrics, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, from January 2013 to June 2013, a period of six months. A total of 300 cases of infants suffering from ARI were selected. Among them, 100 are each for exclusive breastfed (EBF) babies, partially breastfed babies (PBF), and non-breastfed (NBF) babies. In addition, demographic profile, frequency, severity of attacks, outcomes, and length of hospital stay were assessed.

Results: Most EBF babies came to the hospital with a history of one or two attacks of ARI, but PBF and NBF babies had multiple attacks. i.e., two, three, or more attacks. Most of the NBF and PBF have presented with severe attacks (84% and 72%, respectively), whereas only 42% of EBF babies presented with severe attacks; nonetheless, a maximum of 58% of EBF babies present with mild attacks. The severe attack is more frequent in the PBF and NBF groups than in the EBF groups.

Conclusion: Frequency, severity, and hospital staying of ARI attacks are found to be more in the PBF and NBF group of babies than in EBF babies. Better outcomes were found in EBF group babies.

TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 135-141
Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) Annual Surveillance Report 2022
Authors: Teutsch Suzy M , Nunez Carlos A , Morris Anne , Eslick Guy D , Elliott Elizabeth J
Published: August 2023

For 30 years the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) has conducted national surveillance of rare communicable diseases and rare complications of communicable diseases. In this report, we describe the results of thirteen such studies surveyed by the APSU in 2022, including reported case numbers and incidence estimates, demographics, clinical features, management and short-term outcomes. Conditions described are: acute flaccid paralysis (AFP); congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV); neonatal and infant herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection; perinatal exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and paediatric HIV infection; severe complications of influenza; juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JoRRP); congenital rubella infection/syndrome; congenital varicella syndrome (CVS) and neonatal varicella infection (NVI); and the new conditions dengue; Q fever; and severe acute hepatitis. In 2022, cases of severe complications of influenza were reported to the APSU for the first time since 2019. This likely reflects the easing of government-mandated restrictions imposed in 2020–2021 to curb the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the re-emergence of a range of infectious diseases. As previously, AFP surveillance by the APSU contributed to Australia achieving a minimum target incidence of one AFP case per 105 children aged less than 15 years. Cases of JoRRP and NVI were reported in 2022. This indicates potential gaps in human papillomavirus (HPV) and varicella vaccination coverage respectively, especially in high-risk groups such as young migrant and refugee women of childbearing age from countries without universal vaccination programs. Paediatric HIV case numbers resulting from mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV remain low in Australia due to use of effective intervention strategies. However, there has been an increase in the number of imported cases of HIV in children (mainly perinatally-acquired) from countries with a high HIV prevalence. Without effective vaccines, there has been no decline in the incidence of congenital CMV and neonatal HSV, indicating the importance of early identification and management to reduce morbidity and mortality. The first cases of dengue, Q fever and severe acute hepatitis were received by APSU in 2022, including two cases of acute hepatitis in which aetiology has not been confirmed to date. The APSU has an important ongoing role in monitoring rare childhood infections.
Long-term performance of hybrid MiC buildings considering concrete creep and shrinkage
Authors: Liu Yingqi , Siu Ho Kit , Guan Shiyu , Au Francis T K
Published: August 2023

With the completion of several pilot projects in Hong Kong, Modular Integrated Construction (MiC) is being promoted to boost the productivity and cope with the labour shortage in the local construction industry. However, the possible adverse effects of differential axial shortening due to the time-dependent behaviour arising from concrete creep and shrinkage will only become obvious after a long time. In this study, simplified numerical models are established based on typical hybrid MiC buildings in Hong Kong. Time-dependent analyses considering the creep and shrinkage of concrete are carried out. The construction schedules of the pilot MiC projects are used as a reference to model the staged construction. The results for a 20-storey hybrid MiC building indicate, owing to the concrete creep and shrinkage, noticeable stresses at the module-to-wall connections at the corners of core walls 30 years after construction. The compressive stresses at the bottom of the steel MiC modules will increase substantially over time, which could reduce the amount of material strength that can be utilised by other loads. Hence checking of long-term performance should be conducted at the design stage, particularly focusing on the connections.
EFL teachers’ experience for hard of hearing students in inclusive setting
Authors: Ratnadi Ni Nyoman Ari , Adnyani Luh Diah Surya
Published: August 2023

Teaching students with hard of hearing in a mainstream school challenges teachers, including English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers. This narrative inquiry study presents EFL teachers' experience teaching hard-of-hearing students in inclusive classrooms. Six EFL teachers participated and had in-depth interviews. The finding shows that EFL teachers are aware of hard-of-hearing students’ uniqueness. They facilitate them in learning English together with hearing students from the beginning of the lesson to the closing session. Teachers modify their teaching dan communication by combining spoken, written, sign language, and translation. Explaining and instruction to hard-of-hearing students are presented in slow and loud voices, emphasizing mouth movement and repetition. This study presents implications based on the teachers’ stories and suggestions for future study.
Teacher readiness and understanding in implementing teaching English speaking skills using an ecological approach
Authors: Ruswandi Riki , Gaffar Muhammad Andriana , Yuniarti Kikit Elisa
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research is to dig deeper into information about three vocational high schools teachers who have applied the ecological approach in their English teaching process. The ecological approach from the perspective of education is a learning approach that emphasizes contextual learning and focuses on the relationship between teachers, students, and the delivery of teaching materials. Applying the ecological approach to learning English at vocational high school can facilitate teachers in teaching English, especially learning English speaking for students. Teachers have an important role in education because a good education is influenced by teacher competence and teacher readiness in teaching. Speaking skills are one of the skills taught by teachers in schools, speaking skills in Indonesia do not receive enough attention, this is because students have not been able to communicate even in simple English. Based on this, the teacher's readiness to find an appropriate approach to the environmental conditions of students is very influential in teaching English speaking skills and an ecological approach can be a solution in improving students' English speaking skills. This research uses a qualitative research approach, and phenomenological as the research design. The participants in this study were English teachers in tenth grade from the three vocational high schools in Bandung district. This research shows that the ecological approach can improve student English speaking skills in three vocational high schools in Bandung district. It is caused by the teacher's activity who has applied the ecology approach indicator, namely coordination, internalization, media, and development.
Pathology of short-term dorsal fin tag-attachments in tagged and re-stranded short-beaked common dolphins Delphinus delphis on Cape Cod, MA
Authors: Deegan TC , Niemeyer M , Colegrove KM , Rotstein DS , Sharp SM
Published: August 2023

Odontocetes are difficult to study in the wild, making tagging and remote tracking a valuable practice. However, evaluations of host responses at tagging sites have been primarily limited to visual observations in the field. Here we explore the macro- and microscopic pathology of dorsal fin tag attachments in 13 stranded and released short-beaked common dolphins Delphinus delphis from Cape Cod, MA that later re-stranded and died or were euthanized 1-28 d post-tagging. Tags were attached to stranded dolphins’ dorsal fins using 2 methods: core biopsy or piercing. Grossly, the piercing method resulted in epidermal compression into the dermis. One tag site had a necrotic border 28 d after application. Grossly, the biopsy method resulted in minimal to no tissue reaction. Two tag sites had granulation tissue accumulation 4 and 12 d after tagging. Histopathologic findings for all tag types and animals consisted of focal epithelial loss, dermal edema, perivascular edema, inflammation and hyperplasia, and inter- and extracellular edema in the adjacent epidermis. Minor expected pathological changes given the procedure were also observed: superficial epidermal necrosis in 3 cases, and superficial bacterial colonization in 2 cases. There was no evidence of sepsis and tagging was not related to cause of re-stranding or death in any case. These gross and histopathologic findings support previous observational conclusions in small delphinids that with appropriate sterile technique, the impacts of single pin dorsal fin tagging on the animal can be minimal and localized. Of the 2 methods, core biopsy may be a better tagging method.
Electrostatic quantum dark energy in a seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: August 2023

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in hidden dimensions, which provides the basis and background for the gravitational force through the curvature of space-time. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is considered a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, which makes the universe seven-dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between the Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space. Mathematically, this electrostatic repulsion is related to the Hubble constant to explain the accelerated expansion, dark energy, and increase in the cosmological potential energy of matter.
Novel Geometric Series for Application of Cryptography
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a novel geometric series along with theorems. These theorems and its results can be used as an application in computing and cryptography to develop algorithms like RSA algorithm and Elliptic Curve Cryptography.
Características clínicas de mujeres con cáncer de mama triple negativo en una institución de cuarto nivel de Barranquilla.
Authors: Mestre Sequeda Epitafio Rafael , Morales Díaz Esteban Andres , Hernández Lastra Ángel , Varela Prieto Lourdes
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El cáncer de mama triple negativo (TNBC) se caracteriza por la ausencia de receptores hormonales estrogénicos y progesterona; así como, del receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano (HER2). Los TNBC se asocian con altas tasas de recurrencia, metástasis rápidas, supervivencia deficiente y mayor mortalidad en comparación con otros subtipos histológicos de cáncer de mama. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la prevalencia del TNBC; Así también, las características clínicas, en pacientes atendidas en un centro oncológico de referencia en Bogotá.
Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo transversal observacional, donde se evaluó la frecuencia del cáncer de mama subtipo triple negativo, Asimismo, las variables clínicas. En mujeres atendidas en la Organización Clínica Bonnadona Prevenir S.A.S. en Barranquilla, Colombia en el periodo 2021-2022.
Resultados: Se estudiaron 350 pacientes, de los cuales 61 pacientes (17.4%) presentaban el inmunofenotipo triple negativo. La edad promedio fue de 54.5 años, 74% eran multíparas, 85% brindaron lactancia materna, 70% eran postmenopáusicas y el estadio clínico más frecuente fue el IIIB.
Conclusión: En el presente estudio el 57.35% de la población exhibió un estadio clínico avanzado en el momento del diagnóstico; así mismo, las características clínicas son congruentes con los reportes en la literatura.
Gambaran Timbulan Limbah Medis di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu
Authors: Politon Fellysca , Christine Christine , Sunuh Herlina , Respito Andi
Published: August 2023

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit merupakan tempat pelayanan kesehatan yang dapat menjadi tempat sumber penularan penyakit, memungkinkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan dan gangguan kesehatan, serta menghasilkan limbah  baik medis maupun non medis yang dapat menularkan penyakit. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran timbulan sampah medis di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yaitu limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari ruangan rawat inap berjumlah 11 ruangan, Sampel yang diteliti adalah limbah medis yang berasal dari ruangan rawat inap Variabel penelitian yaitu timbulan limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari ruangan perawatan. Pengukuran dalam bentuk observasi dan pengukuran dengan cara menghitung jumlah timbulan sampah. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan jenis limbah medis terbanyak adalah botol infus, masker, sarung tangan, tissu, pembungkus obat, penutup kepala, dan botol obat. Jumlah timbulan rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu selama 8 hari yaitu sebanyak 27,5 Kg/hari. volume rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan  sebanyak 171,5 ℓ/hari. Kesimpulan: Berat rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu  sebanyak 27,5 Kg/hari, dan volume rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan sebanyak 171,5 ℓ/hari.
Penerapan Kompres Daun Kubis Terhadap Penurunan Pembengkakan Payudara Pada Askep Ibu Post Partum Di Puskesmas Kayamanya
Authors: Mokodompis Nur Afifa , Nilasanti Ni Made Ridla
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Breast swelling is one of the problems that arise in postpartum mothers due to the presence of breast milk dams. The problem of breast swelling can be given a cabbage leaf compress therapy intervention. The purpose of this study is to apply nursing care to post partum mothers with the problem of breast milk dams at the kayamanya health center. Method : The research method is to use a descriptive method with a case study approach, the subject is a postpartum mother with breast swelling. Result : The results of the study Mrs. A said she did not know how to reduce breast swelling, Mrs. A complained of discomfort when moving, Mrs. A said it was difficult when urinating, Mrs. A said the abdomen was uncomfortable due to uterine contractions, Mrs. A said she was uncomfortable with breast changes, Mrs. A said breast milk had not come out, Mrs. A said the breasts felt warm and hard, often painful, the nipples did not come out. Nursing problems of postpartum discomfort, ineffective breastfeeding and knowledge deficits, Interventions carried out comfort care, perineal care education, breastfeeding education, giving the baby the opportunity to suck, and baby care. implementation was carried out for 5 days. Evaluation after the implementation of the application of cabbage leaf compresses, the patient said that complaints of comfort increased, breast milk was released, breast swelling decreased. Conculsion : It is hoped that this intervention can be taught to post partum mothers with breast swelling as a cheap, easily available and effective treatment.