bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processing and Characterization of Polypropylene Nanocomposite Films Reinforced with Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets
Authors: Bayramoğlu Gülay , Mudu Mehmet
Published: January 2023

In this study, we synthesized hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNN) via the molten hydroxide exfoliation method which results in small flakes and nanoscrolls. The resultant h-BNNs can be dispersed in various solvents such as water, ethanol, and acetone, and form a stable dispersion. The morphological and structural analysis of h-BNNs were performed with Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The masterbatch (MB) method was used to incorporate the h-BNNs into the polypropylene (PP) matrix via melt mixing. Dilution and film production processes were performed using a twin screw extruder. Nanocomposite films having an h-BNN weight ratio of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 5% were prepared. Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate the thermal stability. Crystallization (Tc) temperatures were increased with the increased amount of h-BNNs and h-BNNs nucleating agent behavior on the PP crystallization was observed. Oxidation induction time (OIT) of the pure PP was increased from 8.84 min to 17.82 min. The results show a considerable effect of the h-BNN content on the thermo-oxidative stability of the nanocomposites studied. The rheological and mechanical properties of the PP-hBNN nanocomposite films were also determined depending on the particle loading ratio. Optimum particle content providing the best thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties were found to be 3% wt.
The Effect of Surfactants and pH Modifying Agents on the Dissolution and Permeation of Pimobendan
Authors: Tőzsér Petra , Kovács Luca L. , Kádár Szabina , Csicsák Dóra , Sóti Péter , Völgyi Gergely , Sinkó Bálint , Nagy Zsombor K. , Borbás Enikő
Published: January 2023

Solubility and permeability are key parameters for establishing in vitro-in vivo correlation for poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Recent studies demonstrate that not only solubility, but also effective permeability of the API may change due to the addition of solubilizing agents, and there is a certain mathematical relation between these physicochemical parameters. The aim of this study was to show the importance of early screening of solubility and permeability in presence of additives in order to achieve the expected bioavailability of the API. In this work, the effect of surfactants and microenvironmental pH modifiers were in focus, and pimobendan was chosen as model drug.In the case of pH modifiers, the equilibrium solubility of the API increased, while the permeability decreased significantly. No negative effect was observed for two surfactants at low additive levels, but these two additives also exhibited a slightly negative effect on permeability when used at higher concentrations. In the simultaneous dissolution-permeation studies the surfactants-containing formulation was found to have slightly higher flux than the pH-modifier-containing one. It can be due to the phenomenon that the dissolution of the active substance can be enhanced by these surfactants without any significant permeability reducing effect.The results obtained from the present study clearly demonstrate the importance of studying drug-additive interactions in every step of formulation development and based on these, the selection of the appropriate quality and quantity of additives. In addition, the results also underline the significance of performing simultaneous dissolution-permeation studies to predict bioavailability.
PEMETAAN SEBARAN INDEKS PENCEMARAN AIR DI PERAIRAN MUARA SUNGAI JENGGALU KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Purba Vedina Delima , Lidiawati Liza , Sugianto Nanang
Published: January 2023

Muara Sungai Jenggalu merupakan salah satu muara sungai di Kota Bengkulu yang mengalami pencemaran. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kadar kualitas air dan indeks pencemaran di Muara Sungai Jenggalu berdasarkan parameter fisika dan kimia. Data penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan pengukuran secara langsung, analisis laboratorium dan perhitungan indeks pencemaran. Pengukuran dilakukan pada 9 titik yang tersebar di Muara Sungai Jenggalu. Data hasil penelitian ini dibandingkan dengan baku mutu PP 82 tahun 2001 tentang pengelolaan kualitas air dan pengendalian pencemaran. Kemudian perhitungan nilai indeks pencemaran untuk mengetahui indikasi pencemaran pada Muara Sungai Jenggalu berdasarkan Kepmen LH Nomor 115 Tahun 2003. Hasil pengukuran kadar salinitas tertinggi sebesar 26,8‰ dan terendah 12,8‰, kadar DO tertinggi sebesar 6,3 mg/l dan terendah sebesar 5 mg/l, kekeruhan tertinggi 5,4 NTU dan terendah sebesar 0,9 NTU, Kadar TDS tertinggi sebesar 872 mg/l dan terendah sebesar 743 mg/l, kadar pH tertinggi sebesar 7,5 dan terendah 7,2 dan suhu tertinggi sebesar 30,7°C dan terendah sebesar 29,1°C. Selain itu nilai kecepatan arus tertinggi sebesar 0.25 m/s dititik 2 dan terendah sebesar 0,1 m/s dititik 7dan titik 8 dan debit air sebesar 139,8 m³/s. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai indeks pencemaran di Muara Sungai Jenggalu sebesar 1,28 dengan kondisi tercemar ringan.
CO2 detection system in mixed gas using MQ-135 sensor
Authors: Salamah Umi , Hidayah Qonitatul , Kusuma Damar Yoga
Published: January 2023

The increase in CO2 gas occurred very significantly due to the use of fossil fuels, industry, forest fires, volcanic eruptions and natural gas resulting in air pollution. The dangers of CO? gas for humans can cause headaches, sweating, blurred vision, tremors, and loss of consciousness after exposure for five to ten minutes. CO2 is a poisonous gas which is physically colorless and odorless. This characteristic causes many humans to be unaware of the existence of this gas, so that it is exposed and endangers health. Therefore we need a CO2 gas detection system. The difficulty that occurs in the detection of CO2 gas is when the gas is mixed with other gases that have similar material properties. In this research, a CO2 gas detection system is designed to detect the gas when it mixes with other gases using the MQ-135 sensor. The system that has been designed and built is then compared with a standard tool, namely the xm-7000 dragger. The test data analyzed using linear regression showed the results in accordance with 2the value of R = 0.9896 with the conversion equation y = 0.0389x-76.086. With these results provide new opportunities in testing CO2 on gas mixtures that are easier and cheaper.
Investigation of the effect of different factors on the performance of several perovskite solar cells: a simulation study by SCAPS
Authors: MallaHasan Hasan , Onay Özlem
Published: January 2023

The new generation of solar cells based on perovskite materials has attracted  massive attention from the photovoltaic community, due to their high capability in supporting low-cost solar cell. In this study, extensive theoretical research of three types of lead-based  (MAPbI3, FAPbI3 and CsPbI3) and four types of lead-free (MASnI3, FASnI3, CsGeI3, and MAGeI3) perovskite solar cells are modeled while Cu2O is used as HTL and TiO2 as ETL. The initial results show commendable performance for MAPbI3 with 24,8% efficiency, while MAGeI3 has the lowest performance (12,61%). In addition, different factors reviewed affect the performance almost similarly to the studied types of perovskites.
Recent topics on gastrointestinal allergic disorders
Authors: Yamada Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2023

Gastrointestinal (GI) allergies are broadly associated with food allergies and divided into groups based on the degree of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) involvement: IgE-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, and mixed. Non-IgE-mediated GI food allergies are mostly observed in neonates and infants and include food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), and food protein-induced enteropathy (FPE). In addition to the classical phenotype, unique phenotypes such as vomiting and bloody stool, suspected sepsis, and overlapping eosinophilic GI disorders (EGIDs) have increased in Japan over the past 2 decades. Some of these cases were defined as having chronic FPIES. More recently, cases of hen’s-egg FPIES in Japan have increased dramatically since 2018, albeit for unknown reasons. Typical mixed-type food allergies are EGIDs, characterized by prominent eosinophil infiltration in the GI tract leading to GI symptoms. EGIDs are broadly classified into eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and non-EoE EGIDs that involve the GI tract with the exception of the esophagus. Of the EGIDs, EoE is the best known, as the number of cases has increased dramatically in Western countries, whereas pediatric EoE remains rare in Asia and non-EoE EGIDs may be more prevalent in Japan. A recent Japanese national survey showed that pediatric non-EoE EGIDs were persistent and severe compared to those in adults, possibly requiring further effective therapeutic options. Among the EGIDs, FPIAP is pathologically diagnosed as an infantile form of eosinophilic colitis. In addition, recent FPIES and FPE cases also involved eosinophilic inflammation. Recent cases of GI allergies may be associated with type 2 inflammation. A better understanding of the interactions between GI allergies and type 2 inflammation may clarify the pathogenesis of the recent increase in GI allergies.
Social Prescribing Arts for Brain Health as Peri–Diagnostic Practice for Dementia–From Despair to Desire
Authors:   Arts for Brain Health Consultant, President, Arts 4 Dementia, London, United Kingdom., Franklin Gould Veronica
Published: January 2023

A.R.T.S. for Brain Health: Social Prescribing transforming the diagnostic narrative for Dementia: From Despair to Desire, (2021, Arts 4 Dementia) demonstrates how referral to weekly arts from the onset of symptoms
Mental Health is an Integral Part of the General Health
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Croatia., Franjić Siniša
Published: January 2023

According to the World Health Organization, mental health means a state of well–being in which a person realizes his potential.
Principles of Training and Development for Physicians
Authors:   Advisor in Pediatrics and Pediatric Psychiatry and expert trainer, The National Training and Development Center and Baghdad Medical City, Iraq., Jalal Al–Mosawi Aamir
Published: January 2023

The increasing complexity of medical care environment and medical education and practices has made the understanding the principles and concepts of training, development, and the related concepts and disciplines necessary for doctors practicing at almost any level
Catatonia: A Rare Manifestation of Autism
Authors:   Advisor in Pediatrics and Pediatric Psychiatry and expert trainer, The National Training and Development Center and Baghdad Medical City, Iraq., Jalal Al–Mosawi Aamir
Published: January 2023

Background: Autism disorders which are also known pervasive developmental disorders as are very complex and heterogeneous
Core Self–Evaluations as Predicates of Clinical Decision Making in Selected Team of Perioperative Nurses in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba–Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria, Uba Donald Dennis , Sulaimon Kayode Owoseni ,   Department of Psychology, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba–Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Published: January 2023

The study examined core self–evaluation as predicates of clinical decision making in selected sample of perioperative nurses in Ondo State Nigeria.
Penggunaan Metode Kantung Plastik Polyethylene Oklusif Sebagai Pencegahan Terjadinya Hipotermi Pada Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR)
Authors: Aliansy Diani , Loisza Anne , Karlina Intan , Audiaturahman Wida
Published: January 2023

Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) merupakan bayi yang lahir dengan berat badan < 2.500 gram tanpa memperhatikan usia kehamilan dan sangat rentan mengalami hipotermi, yang menyebabkan kematian. Kantong plastik polyethylene oklusif merupakan salah satu  metode yang dikembangkan untuk mencegah hipotermi segera setelah lahir. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas metode kantong plastik dan inkubator terhadap peningkatan suhu tubuh BBLR di Ruang Neonatus disalah satu RSUD Di Kota Sukabumi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment design dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi adalah seluruh BBLR yang dilahirkan di RSUD Syamsudin SH. Subjek penelitian 28 BBLR dengan berat badan 1.500-2499 gram tanpa masalah pernapasan, yang dibayi menjadi kelompok metode kantung plastik dan metode inkubator. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan randomisasi blok, Penelitian dilaksanakan berdasarkan rekomendasi etik dari komite etik RS Syamsudin SH. Analisis univariat menggunakan mean, analisis bivariat perbandiang suhu tubuh menggunakan uji T Independent. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebelum menggunakan metode kantong plastik seluruh BBLR mengalami hipotermia dengan rerata suhu tubuh sebesar 35,6⁰C dan sesudah menggunakan metode kantong plastik seluruh BBLR mengalami suhu normal dengan rerata suhu tubuh sebesar 37,1⁰C. Sebelum menggunakan inkubator seluruh BBLR mengalami hipotermia dengan rerata suhu tubuh sebesar 35,6⁰C dan sesudah menggunakan inkubator seluruh BBLR mengalami suhu normal dengan rerata suhu tubuh sebesar 36,9⁰C.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini metode kantong plastik dapat mencegah terjadinya hipotermi pada BBLR.
Does the Criticism of Constitutional Experts Shape Public Attitude toward a Government’s Security Policy? - Reconsidering the Image of “Influential Constitutional Legal Scholars” in Japan
Authors: Iseki Tatsuya , Shinomoto Sou
Published: January 2023

Constitutional legal scholars are regarded as influential academic experts in the public debate on security policy in Japan. However, the majority of studies on expert cue fail to find evidence that messages from experts have a persuasive effect on public opinion. To empirically test the influence of constitutional scholars, this study conducted an online survey experiment on whether the criticism of constitutional scholars undermines Japanese public support for the hypothetical use of armed force. The results show that such criticism has no causal effect on public attitude even among respondents who are most liberal or have high confidence in constitutional scholars. On the contrary, adverse opinion from retired general officers declines the support for the dispatch among individuals who are conservative or have high confidence in the Japan Self-Defense Force. These findings imply that though the Japanese consciously sift through information from different sources, they reject it from constitutional scholars.
Advanced strategies for production of soy-processing enzyme
Authors: Islam S. M. Mahfuzul , Ju Lu-Kwang
Published: January 2023

Enzyme production is critical and often costly for biorefinery. It is challenging to produce enzymes with not only high titers but also proper combinations of all required activities in a single fermentation. This work aimed at improving productivity and composition of the multiple enzyme activities required for hydrolysis of complex soybean carbohydrate in a single fermentation. A previously selected Aspergillus niger strain was used for its high carbohydrases and low protease production. Strategies of fed-batch substrate addition and programmed pH-decrease rates were evaluated. Cheap soybean hull (SH) was confirmed to induce production of all necessary carbohydrases. Surprisingly, fed-batch SH addition, originally thought to sustain substrate-inducer availability and reduce feedback repression by sugars, did not increase pectinase and cellulase production significantly and even lowered the α-galactosidase production, when compared with batch fermentation having the same total SH amount (all added initially). On the other hand, the pH-decrease rate could be effectively optimized for production of complex enzyme mixtures. The best fermentation was programmed to lower pH from 7 to 4 in 84 h, at a drop rate of .0357 per h. It produced the highest pectinase (19.1 ± .04 U/mL), α-galactosidase (15.7 ± .4 U/mL), and cellulase (.88 ± .06 FPU/mL). Producing these high enzyme activities in a single fermentation significantly improves the effectiveness and economics of enzymatic soy processing, which, e.g., can hydrolyze the 30%–35% carbohydrate in soybean meal to sugars, with minimal protein degradation, to generate high-value protein-rich products and a hydrolysate as fermentation feedstock.
Customizable 3D printed perfusion bioreactor for the engineering of stem cell microenvironments
Authors: Dupard Steven J. , Garcia Alejandro Garcia , Bourgine Paul E.
Published: January 2023

Faithful modeling of tissues and organs requires the development of systems reflecting their dynamic 3D cellular architecture and organization. Current technologies suffer from a lack of design flexibility and complex prototyping, preventing their broad adoption by the scientific community. To make 3D cell culture more available and adaptable we here describe the use of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology to rapid-prototype 3D printed perfusion bioreactors. Our 3D printed bioreactors are made of polylactic acid resulting in reusable systems customizable in size and shape. Following design confirmation, our bioreactors were biologically validated for the culture of human mesenchymal stromal cells under perfusion for up to 2 weeks on collagen scaffolds. Microenvironments of various size/volume (6–12 mm in diameter) could be engineered, by modulating the 3D printed bioreactor design. Metabolic assay and confocal microscopy confirmed the homogenous mesenchymal cell distribution throughout the material pores. The resulting human microenvironments were further exploited for the maintenance of human hematopoietic stem cells. Following 1 week of stromal coculture, we report the recapitulation of 3D interactions between the mesenchymal and hematopoietic fractions, associated with a phenotypic expansion of the blood stem cell populations.Our data confirm that perfusion bioreactors fit for cell culture can be generated using a 3D printing technology and exploited for the 3D modeling of complex stem cell systems. Our approach opens the gates for a more faithful investigation of cellular processes in relation to a dynamic 3D microenvironment.
One-pot encapsulation of lactate dehydrogenase and Fe3O4 nanoparticles into a metal–organic framework: A novel magnetic recyclable biocatalyst for the synthesis of D-phenyllactic acid
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Hu Jiahuan , Wang Yifeng , Luo Xi , Huang He , Fu Yongqian
Published: January 2023

The main challenges in bio-catalysis of d-phenyllactic acid (D-PLA) are poor tolerance of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to harsh environmental conditions and inability to recycle the catalyst. A novel magnetic framework composite was prepared as solid support for the immobilization of enzymes via one-pot encapsulation in this study. LDH/MNPs@MAF-7 was synthesized by the one-pot encapsulation of both LDH and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in MAF-7. The LDH/MNPs@MAF-7 showed stable biological activity for the efficient biosynthesis of D-PLA. The structure and morphology of LDH/MNPs@MAF-7 were systematically characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, VSM, XPS, TGA and N2 sorption. These indicated that LDH/MNPs@MAF-7 was successfully synthesized, exhibiting enhanced resistance to acid and alkali, temperature and organic solvents. Furthermore, the bio-catalyst could be separated easily using a magnet, and the reusability was once considerably expanded with 80% of enzyme activity last after eight rounds of recycling. Therefore, LDH/MNPs@MAF-7 could be used as a potential biocatalyst for the biosynthesis of D-PLA due to its good stability and recovery properties.
Expression of KID syndromic mutation Cx26S17F produces hyperactive hemichannels in supporting cells of the organ of Corti
Authors: Abbott Ana C. , García Isaac E. , Villanelo Felipe , Flores-Muñoz Carolina , Ceriani Ricardo , Maripillán Jaime , Novoa-Molina Joel , Figueroa-Cares Cindel , Pérez-Acle Tomas , Sáez Juan C. , Sánchez Helmuth A. , Martínez Agustín D.
Published: January 2023

Some mutations in gap junction protein Connexin 26 (Cx26) lead to syndromic deafness, where hearing impairment is associated with skin disease, like in Keratitis Ichthyosis Deafness (KID) syndrome. This condition has been linked to hyperactivity of connexin hemichannels but this has never been demonstrated in cochlear tissue. Moreover, some KID mutants, like Cx26S17F, form hyperactive HCs only when co-expressed with other wild-type connexins. In this work, we evaluated the functional consequences of expressing a KID syndromic mutation, Cx26S17F, in the transgenic mouse cochlea and whether co-expression of Cx26S17F and Cx30 leads to the formation of hyperactive HCs. Indeed, we found that cochlear explants from a constitutive knock-in Cx26S17F mouse or conditional in vitro cochlear expression of Cx26S17F produces hyperactive HCs in supporting cells of the organ of Corti. These conditions also produce loss of hair cells stereocilia. In supporting cells, we found high co-localization between Cx26S17F and Cx30. The functional properties of HCs formed in cells co-expressing Cx26S17F and Cx30 were also studied in oocytes and HeLa cells. Under the recording conditions used in this study Cx26S17F did not form functional HCs and GJCs, but cells co-expressing Cx26S17F and Cx30 present hyperactive HCs insensitive to HCs blockers, Ca2+ and La3+, resulting in more Ca2+ influx and cellular damage. Molecular dynamic analysis of putative heteromeric HC formed by Cx26S17F and Cx30 presents alterations in extracellular Ca2+ binding sites. These results support that in KID syndrome, hyperactive HCs are formed by the interaction between Cx26S17F and Cx30 in supporting cells probably causing damage to hair cells associated to deafness.
Modelling eNvironment for Isoforms (MoNvIso): A general platform to predict structural determinants of protein isoforms in genetic diseases
Authors: Oliva Francesco , Musiani Francesco , Giorgetti Alejandro , De Rubeis Silvia , Sorokina Oksana , Armstrong Douglas J. , Carloni Paolo , Ruggerone Paolo
Published: January 2023

The seamless integration of human disease-related mutation data into protein structures is an essential component of any attempt to correctly assess the impact of the mutation. The key step preliminary to any structural modelling is the identification of the isoforms onto which mutations should be mapped due to there being several functionally different protein isoforms from the same gene. To handle large sets of data coming from omics techniques, this challenging task needs to be automatized. Here we present the MoNvIso (Modelling eNvironment for Isoforms) code, which identifies the most useful isoform for computational modelling, balancing the coverage of mutations of interest and the availability of templates to build a structural model of both the wild-type isoform and the related variants.
Study on the molecular mechanism of anti-liver cancer effect of Evodiae fructus by network pharmacology and QSAR model
Authors: Chen Peng-Yu , Han Lin-Tao
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Evodiae Fructus (EF) is the dried, near ripe fruit of Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth in Rutaceae. Numerous studies have demonstrated its anti-liver cancer properties. However, the molecular mechanism of Evodiae fructus against liver cancer and its structure-activity connection still require clarification.

Methods: We utilized network pharmacology and a QSAR (2- and 3-dimensional) model to study the anti-liver cancer effect of Evodiae fructus. First, by using network pharmacology to screen the active substances and targets of Evodiae fructus, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in the anti-liver cancer actions of Evodiae fructus. The 2D-QSAR pharmacophore model was then used to predict the pIC50 values of compounds. The hiphop method was used to create an ideal 3D-QSAR pharmacophore model for the prediction of Evodiae fructus compounds. Finally, molecular docking was used to validate the rationality of the pharmacophore, and molecular dynamics was used to disclose the stability of the compounds by assessing the trajectories in 10 ns using RMSD, RMSF, Rg, and hydrogen bonding metrics.

Results: In total, 27 compounds were acquired from the TCMSP and TCM-ID databases, and 45 intersection targets were compiled using Venn diagrams. Network integration analysis was used in this study to identify SRC as a primary target. Key pathways were discovered by KEGG pathway analysis, including PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, and ErbB signaling pathway. Using a 2D-QSAR pharmacophore model and the MLR approach to predict chemical activity, ten highly active compounds were found. Two hydrophobic features and one hydrogen bond acceptor feature in the 3D-QSAR pharmacophore model were validated by training set chemicals. The results of molecular docking revealed that 10 active compounds had better docking scores with SRC and were linked to residues via hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. Molecular dynamics was used to show the structural stability of obacunone, beta-sitosterol, and sitosterol.

Conclusion:Pharmacophore 01 has high selectivity and the ability to distinguish active and inactive compounds, which is the optimal model for this study. Obacunone has the optimal binding ability with SRC. The pharmacophore model proposed in this study provides theoretical support for further screening effective anti-cancer Chinese herbal compounds and optimizing the compound structure.
DLiP-PPI library: An integrated chemical database of small-to-medium-sized molecules targeting protein–protein interactions
Authors: Ikeda Kazuyoshi , Maezawa Yuta , Yonezawa Tomoki , Shimizu Yugo , Tashiro Toshiyuki , Kanai Satoru , Sugaya Nobuyoshi , Masuda Yoshiaki , Inoue Naoko , Niimi Tatsuya , Masuya Keiichi , Mizuguchi Kenji , Furuya Toshio , Osawa Masanori
Published: January 2023

Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are recognized as important targets in drug discovery. The characteristics of molecules that inhibit PPIs differ from those of small-molecule compounds. We developed a novel chemical library database system (DLiP) to design PPI inhibitors. A total of 32,647 PPI-related compounds are registered in the DLiP. It contains 15,214 newly synthesized compounds, with molecular weight ranging from 450 to 650, and 17,433 active and inactive compounds registered by extracting and integrating known compound data related to 105 PPI targets from public databases and published literature. Our analysis revealed that the compounds in this database contain unique chemical structures and have physicochemical properties suitable for binding to the protein–protein interface. In addition, advanced functions have been integrated with the web interface, which allows users to search for potential PPI inhibitor compounds based on types of protein–protein interfaces, filter results by drug-likeness indicators important for PPI targeting such as rule-of-4, and display known active and inactive compounds for each PPI target. The DLiP aids the search for new candidate molecules for PPI drug discovery and is available online (https://skb-insilico.com/dlip).
Research trends on the relationship between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wu Weigen , Ouyang Yaobin , Zheng Pan , Xu Xinbo , He Cong , Xie Chuan , Hong Junbo , Lu Nonghua , Zhu Yin , Li Nianshuang
Published: January 2023

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC)is the third most common cancer in the world and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and over the past two decades, many of these researchers have provided a substantial amount of important information on the role of gut microbes in the development and progression of CRC. A causal relationship between the presence of specific microorganisms and CRC development has also been validated. Although a large number of papers related to this area have been published, no bibliometric study has been conducted to review the current state of research in this area and to highlight the research trends and hotspots in this area. This study aims to analyze the current status and future research trends of gut microbiota and CRC through bibliometric analysis.

Methods

Publications from 2001 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database and screened according to inclusion criteria. VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used to visualize the research trends in this field, including the analysis of title, country, institution, author, number of publications, year of publication, number of citations, journal, and H-index.

Results

A total of 863 studies were eventually identified, and the articles retrieved were cited an average of 44.85 times each. The number of publications on this topic has been increased steadily since 2011. China and the USA have made the largest contribution in the field. FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY is the top productive journal with 26 papers, and Gut journal has the highest average citation (167.23). Shanghai Jiao Tong University is the most contributive institution. Professor Yu J, Sung, Joseph J. Y and Fang JY are the most productive authors in this field. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that the terms of “Gut Microbiota”, “Colorectal Cancer”, “Inflammation”, “Probiotic” and “Fusobacterium Nucleatum” were the most frequent, which revealed the research hotpots and trends in this field.

Conclusions

There has been a growing number of publications over the past two decades according to the global trends. China and the USA still maintained the leading position in this field. However, collaboration between institutions needs to be strengthened. It’s commended to pay attention to the latest hotspots, such as “F. nucleatum” and “probiotics”. This bibliometric analysis evaluates the scope and trends of gut microbiota and CRC, providing a useful perspective on current research and future directions for studying the link between the gut microbiota and CRC.
Heptadecanoic acid and pentadecanoic acid crosstalk with fecal-derived gut microbiota are potential non-invasive biomarkers for chronic atrophic gastritis
Authors: Gai Xiao , Qian Peng , Guo Benqiong , Zheng Yixin , Fu Zhihao , Yang Decai , Zhu Chunmei , Cao Yang , Niu Jingbin , Ling Jianghong , Zhao Jin , Shi Hailian , Liu Guoping
Published: January 2023

Background

Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), premalignant lesions of gastric cancer (GC), greatly increases the risk of GC. Gastroscopy with tissue biopsy is the most commonly used technology for CAG diagnosis. However, due to the invasive nature, both ordinary gastroscope and painless gastroscope result in a certain degree of injury to the esophagus as well as inducing psychological pressure on patients. In addition, patients need fast for at least half a day and take laxatives.

Methods

In this study, fecal metabolites and microbiota profiles were detected by metabolomics and 16S rRNA V4-V5 region sequencing.

Results

Alteration of fecal metabolites and microbiota profiles was found in CAG patients, compared with healthy volunteers. To identify the most relevant features, 7 fecal metabolites and 4 microbiota were selected by random forest (RF), from A and B sample sets, respectively. Furthermore, we constructed support vector machines (SVM) classifification model using 7 fecal metabolites or 4 gut microbes, or 7 fecal metabolites with 4 gut microbes, respectively, on C sample set. The accuracy of classifification model was 0.714, 0.857, 0.857, respectively, and the AUC was 0.71, 0.88, 0.9, respectively. In C sample set, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis demonstrated heptadecanoic acid and pentadecanoic acid were signifificantly negatively correlated to Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003 and Haemophilus, respectively. We constructed SVM classifification model using 2 correlated fecal metabolites and 2 correlated gut microbes on C sample set. The accuracy of classification model was 0.857, and the AUC was 0.88.

Conclusion

Therefore, heptadecanoic acid and pentadecanoic acid, crosstalk with fecal-derived gut microbiota namely Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003 and Haemophilus, are potential non-invasive biomarkers for CAG diagnosis.
An acoustic study on character voices of dominators and subordinates: A case study on male characters in Empresses in the Palace
Authors: Liu Wen , Zhang Xinyi , Liang Changwei
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Voice has been used to project identity in dubbing, in order to auditory portray appropriate role images in TV dramas. This study investigates the character voices of leading male characters in Empresses in the Palace.

Methods

Different acoustic characteristics of character voices and matching relation between acoustics and role images are explored by comparing F0, CPP, harmonic amplitude differences of speech spectrum.

Results

The voice quality of characters is related to their relative social status. The subordinates usually adopt a higher pitch or breathy voice, while the dominators use a lower pitch or modal/creaky voice. In addition, CPP, F0, and H1-A3 are the key acoustic indicators to distinguish character voices.

Discussion

These results reveal the acoustic characteristics of character voices of certain types, as well as provide guidance for dubbing vividly.
Systolic blood pressure as the mediator of the effect of early menarche on the risk of coronary artery disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fan Hsien-Yu , Huang Yen-Tsung , Chen Yun-Yu , Hsu Justin BoKai , Li Hung-Yuan , Su Ta-Chen , Lin Hung-Ju , Chien Kuo-Liong , Chen Yang-Ching
Published: January 2023

Background

Menarche timing may not be directly associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, we investigated the roles of metabolic factors in explaining the effect of age at menarche on CAD risk.

Methods

We identified women with age at menarche and CAD by using three analytical methods: Mendelian randomization (MR), logistic regression analysis, and Cox proportional hazard regression. The first two analyses were performed in the Taiwan Biobank (N = 71,923) study, and the last analysis was performed in the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort study (N = 1,598). We further investigated the role of metabolic factors in mediating the effect of age at menarche on CAD risk by using three complementary methods with mediation analyses.

Results

One standard deviation of earlier age at menarche was associated with a 2% higher CAD risk [odds ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.001–1.03] in the MR analysis, an 11% higher risk (odds ratio = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02–1.21) in the logistic regression analysis, and a 57% higher risk (hazard ratio = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.12–2.19) in the Cox proportional hazard regression. All the analyses consistently supported the role of systolic blood pressure in mediating this effect. The MR results indicated that 29% (95% CI = 26%–32%) of the effect of genetically predicted earlier age at menarche on CAD risk was mediated by genetically predicted systolic blood pressure.

Conclusion

The results obtained using different analytical methods suggest that interventions aimed at lowering systolic blood pressure can reduce the cases of CAD attributable to earlier age at menarche.
Cardiac repair after myocardial infarction: A two-sided role of inflammation-mediated
Authors: Li Tingting , Yan Zhipeng , Fan Yajie , Fan Xinbiao , Li Aolin , Qi Zhongwen , Zhang Junping
Published: January 2023

Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and the development of new treatments can help reduce the size of myocardial infarction and prevent adverse cardiovascular events. Cardiac repair after myocardial infarction can effectively remove necrotic tissue, induce neovascularization, and ultimately replace granulation tissue. Cardiac inflammation is the primary determinant of whether beneficial cardiac repair occurs after myocardial infarction. Immune cells mediate inflammatory responses and play a dual role in injury and protection during cardiac repair. After myocardial infarction, genetic ablation or blocking of anti-inflammatory pathways is often harmful. However, enhancing endogenous anti-inflammatory pathways or blocking endogenous pro-inflammatory pathways may improve cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. A deficiency of neutrophils or monocytes does not improve overall cardiac function after myocardial infarction but worsens it and aggravates cardiac fibrosis. Several factors are critical in regulating inflammatory genes and immune cells’ phenotypes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. Therefore, strict control and timely suppression of the inflammatory response, finding a balance between inflammatory cells, preventing excessive tissue degradation, and avoiding infarct expansion can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. This article reviews the involvement of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and regulatory T cells in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. After myocardial infarction, neutrophils are the first to be recruited to the damaged site to engulf necrotic cell debris and secrete chemokines that enhance monocyte recruitment. Monocytes then infiltrate the infarct site and differentiate into macrophages and they release proteases and cytokines that are harmful to surviving myocardial cells in the pre-infarct period. As time progresses, apoptotic neutrophils are cleared, the recruitment of anti-inflammatory monocyte subsets, the polarization of macrophages toward the repair phenotype, and infiltration of regulatory T cells, which secrete anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation for cardiac repair. We also explored how epigenetic modifications regulate the phenotype of inflammatory genes and immune cells to promote cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. This paper also elucidates the roles of alarmin S100A8/A9, secreted frizzled-related protein 1, and podoplanin in the inflammatory response and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.
Totally endoscopic aortic valve replacement: Techniques and early results
Authors: Gu Wenda , Zhou Kan , Wang Zhenzhong , Zang Xin , Guo Haijiang , Gao Qiang , Teng Yun , Liu Jian , He Biaochuan , Guo Huiming , Huang Huanlei
Published: January 2023

Objective

To demonstrate the technical details of total endoscopic aortic valve replacement using a standard prosthesis, compare the clinical effect and safety of endoscopic aortic valve replacement and traditional aortic valve replacement.

Methods

From 2020 to 2021, 60 consecutive patients underwent elective isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR). They were divided into two groups: the total endoscopic AVR group (TE-AVR group, 29 patients, nine women, aged 51.65 ± 11.79 years), and the traditional full-sternotomy group (AVR group, 31 patients, 13 women, aged 54.23 ± 12.06 years). Three working ports were adopted in the TE-AVR procedure.

Results

No patient died in either group. The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and aortic cross-clamp (ACC) time in the TE-AVR group were longer than those in the AVR group (CPB time: 177.6 ± 43.2 vs. 112.1 ± 18.1 min, p < 0.001; ACC time: 118.3 ± 29.7 vs. 67.0 ± 13.2 min, p < 0.001). However, the mechanical ventilation duration (14.2 ± 9.3 vs. 24.0 ± 18.9 h, p = 0.015) and postoperative hospital stay (6.0 ± 1.7 vs. 8.0 ± 4.5 days, p = 0.025) were shorter in patients of TE-AVR group than those of AVR group. Although the ICU stay (55.1 ± 26.9 vs. 61.5 ± 44.8 h, p = 0.509) and post-operative chest drainage of the first 24 h (229.8 ± 125.0 vs. 273.2 ± 103.2 ml, p = 0.146) revealed no statistical difference, there was a decreasing trend in the TE-AVR group. Among the patients of the TE-AVR group, two patients were converted to thoracotomy because of mild to moderate paravalvular leakage identified by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography.

Conclusion

Total endoscopic aortic valve replacement is safe and feasible, with less trauma and quicker recovery.
The influencing factors of gas adsorption behaviors in shale gas reservoirs
Authors: Lin Xiaoying , Liu Caijie , Wang Zhirong
Published: January 2023

The adsorption state is one of the main states for shale gas occurrence, and the gas adsorption behavior in shale directly affects shale gas content under reservoir conditions. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on shale gas adsorption behavior and its affecting factors that have been developed in recent years. Influence factors of gas adsorption behavior are examined, including total organic carbon content (TOC), organic matter type, organic matter maturity, minerals and clay minerals, moisture content, pore characteristics and other characteristics of the shale itself. The characteristics of gas adsorption behavior under high temperature and pressure conditions showed that adsorption behaviors were difficult to describe by the Langmuir equation. This review indicates that shale contains higher organic matter content and organic matter maturity and has a higher adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity with type III kerogen is higher than that for type II or type I. Clay minerals can provide free space for gas adsorption and promote adsorption. Normally, as the moisture content increased, adsorption capacity decreased. Micro pores provided a larger specific surface area for gas adsorption. As the temperature increased, the adsorption capacity decreased. As the pressure increased, shale adsorption characteristics showed two different behaviors as follows: one obeyed the Langmuir equation, and the other presented an inverted, U-shaped, single-peak distribution. However, there are some controversies surrounding adsorption, especially regarding the aspects of clay minerals, water content, pore characteristics, etc. The key is that the mechanism of adsorption in shale is unclear. There will be many new challenges in the field of shale gas adsorption research. Such challenges include studying the organic matter chemical structure, understanding the interaction between organic matter and clay minerals and how they affect adsorption, clarifying gas adsorption behavior changes, predicting favorable areas of adsorbed gas with the coupling of reservoir temperature and pressure, and building a better theory and model of shale gas adsorption.
Meridional circulation dominates the record-breaking “Dragon Boat Water” rainfall over south China in 2022
Authors: Cheng Jianbo , Zhao Yuheng , Zhi Rong , Feng Guolin
Published: January 2023

During the “Dragon Boat Water” season in 2022, record-breaking anomalous rainfall occurred over South China (SC). In this study, the causes of anomalous rainfall are investigated by using the novel moisture budget equation of three-pattern circulations. The results show that the anomalous rainfall over SC caused by the horizontal, meridional, and zonal circulations was −10 mm, 168 mm, and 45.3 mm, which contribute −5%, 86%, and 23% of the actual rainfall anomaly (195.1 mm), respectively, suggesting that the meridional circulation contributes most to anomalous rainfall, followed by zonal circulation, and horizontal circulation contributes negatively. Further analysis based on the three-pattern decomposition of the global atmospheric circulation shows that the spatial configuration of the anomalous horizontal circulation and vertical vorticity provides the background for generating the anomalous divergence and convergence of meridional and zonal circulations and further anomalous vertical velocity of the meridional and zonal circulations, ultimately resulting in anomalous rainfall.
The characteristics of methane adsorption capacity and behavior of tectonic coal
Authors: Zhang Hang , Zhang Xiaobing , Zhang Yugui , Wang Zhenzhi
Published: January 2023

The research of methane adsorption on tectonic coal is an important content to gas disaster prevention and coalbed methane (CBM) exploration in outburst coal seams. Many projects of methane adsorption capacity and behavior of tectonic coal, such as adsorption difference between tectonic coal and its untectonic coal, adsorption evaluation of tectonic coal, factors for adsorption capacity of tectonic coal, gas-solid coupling feature in tectonic coal and supercritical adsorption phenomena of tectonic coal, were carried out by scientists. Combined with a long-term study on organic matter structure and methane adsorption of tectonic coal, the author summarized recent-years’ researches on adsorption capacity and behavior of tectonic coal-methane at home and abroad from the dispute of adsorption ability determination, the thermodynamic characterization of methane adsorption capacity, and the methane adsorption behavior of quantum chemical calculation of the adsorption and the gas content calculation based on loss compensation, respectively. It is believed that the coal structure controls the methane adsorption capacity and behavior characteristics of different tectonic coals, and from the perspective of thermodynamics, the adsorption capacity of different types of coals can be better distinguished. In the future, a more scientific and complete quantum chemical calculation of methane adsorption by tectonic coal and a compensation method based on instantaneous emission loss should be established, so as to better reveal the methane adsorption behavior of tectonic coal and the mechanism of coal and gas outburst. The research has a reference to fine research of coal adsorption and CBM exploration practices.
Experimental research of the geo-stress evolution law and effect in the intact coal and gas outburst process
Authors: Shang Shaoyong , Zhang Qinghua , Zhao Yinghua , Diao Yong , Yin Jiakuan , Che Yuheng , Kang Xiaotong , Zhao Bo
Published: January 2023

Coal and gas outbursts are a potentially fatal hazard that must be managed when mining gassy coal seams. Mining-induced stress plays an important role in outbursts, while elastic potential is accumulated to provide energy for an outburst. In this study, a large-scale true triaxial (LSTT) apparatus was developed to conduct experiments and to understand the outburst mechanism and mining-induced geo-stress evolution law. In the LSTT experiments, coal and gas outbursts resulted from both stress and gas pressure and occurred in a limited balance area. Under the action of mining-induced stress, surrounding rock and coal are compressed. Thus, a large amount of elastic potential is accumulated to provide energy for a coal and gas outburst. Mining-induced stress promotes the development and expansion of the fracture in the coal body, which results in coal wall deformation and damage. The four types of coal wall instability are bodily movement of coal wall, layered separation of coal wall, collapse of coal wall, and break of coal wall. This study develops a classification scheme and management strategies for outbursts.