bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterization of Multicomponent Crystal Piperine-Caffeine
Authors: Fitriani Lili , Simbolon Clara Alverina , Zaini Erizal
Published: January 2024

Piperine (C17H19NO3) belongs to the alkaloid group mainly found in the Piperaceae family, especially in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Piperine is practically insoluble in water. This study aims to improve the solubility of piperine by preparing it into a multicomponent crystal using caffeine as a coformer. The formation of piperine-caffeine multicomponent was prepared by solvent evaporation and solvent drop grinding. Each sample was characterized using Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and FT-IR spectroscopy. The solubility test was carried out by sonication for 30 minutes at room temperature (30 ⁰C), and the dissolved piperine was analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using methanol: water (80:20) as the mobile phase. This study shows a decrease in peak diffraction intensity on PXRD analysis and a reduction in endothermic peak on the DSC thermogram of multicomponent crystals. In the FTIR analysis, multicomponent crystals slightly shift, indicating the physical interaction. The multicomponent crystal of piperine-caffeine prepared by solvent evaporation method has an increase in solubility of 2.56 times, and the multicomponent crystal with solvent drop grinding method has an increase in solubility of 1.61 times, respectively. In conclusion, the multicomponent crystal piperine–caffeine can enhance the solubility of piperine.
Determinantes del desarrollo integral infantil en Colombia (2010-2016)
Authors: Ramoni-Perazzi Josefa , Forero Gómez María Angélica , Rincón Pérez Angélica Fernanda
Published: January 2024

Se crea un indicador de desarrollo infantil integral que abarca cuatro dimensiones -física, verbal, aprendizaje y socioemocional para Colombia. El análisis se basa en la información de la Encuesta Longitudinal Colombiana de la Universidad de Los Andes para los años 2010, 2013 y 2016, únicos periodos a los cuales se tuvo acceso. Se recurre a un modelo de probit a fin de analizar los determinantes de dicho desarrollo integral. Los resultados indican que cerca de la mitad de los niños no presentan desarrollo integral, con mayores problemas en la dimensión verbal y aprendizaje. Los niños que tienen acceso a la salud, que presentan mejores condiciones habitacionales, económicas y se encuentran en un entorno comunitario más favorable presentan mayores probabilidades de desarrollarse, al igual que lo que habitan en zonas urbanas. Los programas y las políticas para la población infantil son esenciales para promover oportunidades al inicio de la vida, reducir déficit de desarrollo infantil y cerrar las brechas de desigualdad existentes
Condiciones laborales según dimensiones objetivas y subjetivas en alojamientos urbanos
Authors: Martínez Vargas Agustín María , Soto-Vallejo Irma
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las condiciones laborales objetivas y subjetivas de los empleados de los alojamientos urbanos. El enfoque es cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. La información se obtuvo de 142 empleados de hoteles inscritos en el Registro Nacional de Turismo en Villavicencio, mediante el modelo CV GOHISALO. El análisis contempla la multidimensionalidad laboral objetiva y subjetiva, se aplica el índice sintético y procesos correlacionales. Los resultados muestran un índice de la calidad del empleo objetivo promedio de 57,49 puntos, sin alcanzar un nivel aceptable. El salario es la variable que presenta la mayor insatisfacción, luego está la administración del tiempo libre y desarrollo personal. Se concluye que las empresas hoteleras de Villavicencio posiblemente se han concentrado en estrategias para la productividad, competitividad y su crecimiento económico, pero han generado detrimento en la CVL y desmotivación en el trabajador al descuidar su integridad psicológica, humana, familiar y social.
Las distintas funciones de los lectores en las reseñas de Goodreads de los libros de Fernanda Melchor

Authors: Reyes Abundes Mariana , Cebral Loureda Manuel
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se examina cómo los usuarios de Goodreads definen su experiencia de lectura y discuten la obra de Fernanda Melchor al analizar más de 2,000 reseñas de sus libros mediante minería de textos y lectura cercana. Se exploran nuevas formas de analizar reseñas en línea, mediante el uso de métodos digitales, que permitan conocer las distintas formas en las que los lectores se expresan en redes sociales. Para ello, se logró identificar los temas más comunes en las reseñas usando modelación por tópicos manual y automática, y posteriormente se hizo una revisión cercana de las reseñas para tener una mejor comprensión de las prácticas de lectura y del contexto en el que se escriben mediante ejemplos concretos. Con esto, se pudo identificar las particularidades de los lectores en un corpus latinoamericano y sus funciones como críticos literarios y analistas culturales desde una perspectiva personal e íntima.
An End-to-End Security Scheme for Protection from Cyber Attacks on Internet of Things (IoT) Environment
Authors: Habboush Ahamd Khader , Elzaghmouri Bassam Mohammed , Pattanayak Binod Kumar , Pattnaik Saumendra , Habboush Rami Ahmad
Published: January 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has recently emerged as a potential global communication medium that efficiently facilitates human-to-human, human-to-machine, and machine-to-machine communications. Most importantly, unlike the traditional Internet, it supports machine-to-machine communication without human intervention. However, billions of devices connected to the IoT environment are mostly wireless, small, hand-held, and resourced-constrained devices with limited storage capacities. Such devices are highly prone to external attacks. These days, cybercriminals often attempt to launch attacks on these devices, which imposes the major challenge of efficiently implementing communications across the IoT environment. In this paper, the issue of cyber-attacks in the IoT environment is addressed. An end-to-end encryption scheme was proposed to protect IoT devices from cyber-attacks.
Studi Literatur: Berpikir Kreatif dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Setiawan Windi , Juniati Dwi , Khabibah Siti
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Problem-solving is the mental activity of each individual to find solutions to their problems. Problem-solving has become the heart of mathematics. Through problem-solving, students are required to think about the appropriate steps in obtaining a solution. One type of thinking is creative thinking. Creative thinking is the mental activity of each individual in solving problems by producing various kinds of new solutions. Creative thinking is an important part of problem-solving because it requires students to look at problems from different points of view. This article is the result of a literature study by reviewing several scientific articles published in accredited national journals. The article is studied in more depth, analyzed, and concluded. The results of this research show that creative thinking exists in solving mathematical problems. Through problem-solving activities, students can be trained to think creatively to be used to face challenges in future life.

 

Keywords: thinking, creative thinking, problem solving

 

Abstrak

Pemecahan masalah adalah aktivitas mental setiap individu guna menemukan solusi pada masalah yang dihadapi. Pemecahan masalah telah menjadi jantungnya matematika. Melalui pemecahan masalah, siswa dituntut untuk berpikir untuk berpikir tentang langkah-langkah yang tepat dalam memperoleh solusinya. Salah satu jenis berpikir adalah berpikir kreatif. Berpikir kreatif adalah aktivitas mental setiap individu dalam memecahkan masalah dengan menghasilkan berbagai macam solusi baru. Berpikir kreatif menjadi bagian penting dalam pemecahan masalah karena menuntut siswa untuk memandang persoalan berdasarkan sudut pandang yang berbeda. Artikel ini merupakan hasil studi literatur dengan mengkaji beberapa artikel ilmiah yang telah terpublikasi pada jurnal nasional terakreditasi. Artikel tersebut dikaji lebih mendalam, dianalisis, dan disimpulkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berpikir kreatif ada dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Melalui kegiatan pemecahan masalah siswa dapat dilatih untuk berpikir kreatif sehingga nantinya dapat digunakan dalam menghadapi tantangan di kehidupan yang akan datang.

Kata Kunci: berpikir, berpikir kreatif, pemecahan masalah
ENSEMBLE MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR IOT INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS
Authors: A. Kadheem  Hammood Baseem , T. Sadiq Ahmed
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth and development of the Internet of Things (IoT) have had an important impact on various industries, including smart cities, the medical profession, autos, and logistics tracking. However, with the benefits of the IoT come security concerns that are becoming increasingly prevalent. This issue is being addressed by developing intelligent network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) using machine learning (ML) techniques to detect constantly changing network threats and patterns. Ensemble ML represents the recent direction in the ML field. This research proposes a new anomaly-based solution for IoT networks utilizing ensemble ML algorithms, including logistic regression, naive Bayes, decision trees, extra trees, random forests, and gradient boosting. The algorithms were tested on three different intrusion detection datasets. The ensemble ML method achieved an accuracy of 98.52% when applied to the UNSW-NB15 dataset, 88.41% on the IoTID20 dataset, and 91.03% on the BoTNeTIoT-L01-v2 dataset.
Role of Parenting Style of Mothers of Rural India in Self Esteem of Children
Authors: Rohit Chauhan  , Nancy  , Dr. Poonam
Published: January 2024

Self-esteem is the crucial aspect of the adaptive processes in all the stages of life, especially in adolescents. It is connected to the quality of adaptation, well-being, satisfaction of life and health of the adolescents. Self-esteem is also not related to chronological age, but to the adolescents’ quality of social interaction and adaptive capacities to deal with the events of life, including physical and cognitive changes. Thus, the aging does not really result in the decrease of the self-esteem, irrespective of the decline in the areas of mental activity. There are some variations in the of measures of the self-esteem and interpretation of the pertaining results according to various theoretical models. However, the socio-cognitive strategies at play for maintaining a high level of self-esteem should be focused. In such a regulation, importance of others through group belonging, or psychological processes such as social comparison or causal attribution has been shown by Social Psychology. Such a view emphasizes the importance of the social and institutional environment for proper value control and that is why it is in the interest of thinking about building self- esteem while taking on adulthood. This research was conducted, using the perceived questionnaire and scales. Data was collected from 81 children (38 boys and 43 girls) and their mothers from a village and some random people living in urban areas of Haryana. Coopersmith self esteem inventory (school form) was used to measure self esteem of children and Parenting Style Four Factor Questionnaire was used to know the parenting styles of parents. Age range of the sample was 8 to 15 years. The effect of different parenting styles on self esteem of children was examined in this research. By using correlation analysis It was found that most of the parents follow authoritative parenting style. There was a positive correlation between authoritative, permissive parenting styles and self esteem and negative correlation between authoritarian and uninvolved parenting style. No significant correlation was found between permissive parenting styles and self esteem of children.
Understanding Social Media Addiction: The Nexus of Adolescent Problems and Family Environment in Indian Context
Authors: Miss. Hritika Sharma  , Dr. Seema Singh
Published: January 2024

This study delved into the intricate interplay between social media addiction and various dimensions of adolescent issues, encompassing family, academic, personal, and social domains. Categorizing participants into three groups based on their addiction status, we employed the SMAS-SF scale and used the Mann-Whitney U test to explore disparities in adolescent issues across these groups. Notably, a significant positive correlation emerged between the problems faced by adolescents and their susceptibility to social media addiction. Personal and social issues were found to be strong predictors of addiction, highlighting the intricate connection between adolescent challenges and the allure of social media platforms. Regression analysis revealed that family problems and personal problems significantly influenced an adolescent’s overall life challenges. In essence, addiction arises from adolescent problems, and these problems, in turn, find their roots in family and personal issues. This study sheds light on the indirect link between family problems and a child’s inclination toward social media addiction, emphasizing the role of family dynamics in shaping adolescent well-being.
Nahwu Concept According to Imam Sibawaih and Ibrahim Mustafa in Arabic Linguistics (Comparative Studies of Syntax)
Authors: Roji Fatkhur
Published: January 2024

The process of analyzing Arabic syntax has occurred from classical to modern, and in terms of understanding, there has been development and deepening of the discussion. So that the concept in the classical and modern periods is focused on the thoughts of Imam Sibawaih and Ibrahim Mustafa as a whole who have become representatives of both Arabs and non-Arabs. This research uses a Literature Review Design, library research or literature study (literature review, literature research), this research uses a comparative approach or comparison, it is educational research that uses the technique of comparing a object with other objects.This research uses a comparative approach. Both figures have their own methods, the methods used by classical figures to compose Nahwu using sama'i, qiyasi, ijma', ta'lil, istihsan and istishab with a philosophical and theological approach. Meanwhile, the method used by modern figures in compiling Nahwu uses tanziriyyah and tatbiqiyyah. The results of this research explain that the concept of nahwu according to Sibawaih in developing Nahwu lies in the classification of i'rab for nouns (ism) into rofa', nasb and khafd. Meanwhile, the concept put forward by Imam Sibawaih was simplified by Ibrahim Mustafa who said that i'rab consists of dammah and kasrah. Ibrahim Mustafa did not consider fathah an i'rab.This research only reveals the similarities and differences of nahwu, and only focuses on the two figures Imam Sibawaih and Ibrahim Mustafa, so that the results of these findings can be regenerated to be more complete and detailed. However, this research can be a reference for further research on these two figures. The researcher suggests that further research emphasize more on the implementation of Imam Sibawaih and Ibrahim Mustafa's nahwu using the Qualitative Field Method.
The Process of Students' Mathematical Literacy in Solving System of Two Variables Linear Equation Based on Level of Ability
Authors: Mila Siti Nor Jamilatul Atuni , Yayan Yayan Eryk Setiawan , Fara Surya Sari Faradiba , Teeside S.V. Sailaja , Zoker Exton Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Mathematical literacy is very important to master because with mathematical literacy problems that exist in everyday life are easy to solve. Material that is closely related to everyday problems is a system of two-variable linear equations such as calculating the price of a grocery item and so on. This research was conducted to explore the process of mathematical literacy based on high, medium, and low abilities using a qualitative approach. To test this research, the researchers involved three class VIII students who obtained the results of tests, interviews, and documentation. From this test it was found that there were differences in the process of mathematical literacy. It can be seen that only S3 is able to meet the four indicators of mathematical literacy. While S2 and S1 are only able to fulfill one to two indicators of mathematical literacy. So for subsequent research, it is expected to be able to develop learning models to improve mathematical literacy skills.Mathematical literacy is very important to master because with mathematical literacy problems that exist in everyday life are easy to solve. Material that is closely related to everyday problems is a system of two-variable linear equations such as calculating the price of a grocery item and so on. This research was conducted to explore the process of mathematical literacy based on high, medium, and low abilities using a qualitative approach. To test this research, the researchers involved three class VIII students who obtained the results of tests, interviews, and documentation. From this test it was found that there were differences in the process of mathematical literacy. It can be seen that only S3 is able to meet the four indicators of mathematical literacy. While S2 and S1 are only able to fulfill one to two indicators of mathematical literacy. So for subsequent research, it is expected to be able to develop learning models to improve mathematical literacy skills.
Development of Flat Solid Figure Learning Design based Rejang Lebong Ethnomathematics
Authors: Agung Setia Budi  , Armiati  , Musdi Edwin , Asmar Ali
Published: January 2024

This study aims to produce a learning design for flat-sided geometry based on Rejang Lebong ethnomathematics to improve students' mathematical problem-solving skills that are valid, practical, and effective. It is motivated by the low ability to solve students’ mathematical problems. Mathematics learning carried out in schools should involve students actively. The research procedure is guided by the Plomp development design. The development model studied by Plomp is the initial investigation, development, prototyping, and research phases. In the initial investigation phase, the implementation of needs, curriculum, concept, and student analyses was implemented. In the prototype development phase, formative evaluation consists of self-evaluation, one-on-one evaluation, one-on-one evaluation, small group evaluation, and testing. Meanwhile, at the time of its application, it was tested on students of class VIII SMP to see the learning outcomes of the learning problem-solving abilities. Based on the development that has been carried out, it is obtained that the learning design of flat-sided geometry based on the Rejang Lebong ethnomathematics in the form of HLT, teacher's books, and books for class VIII SMP students are valid, practical, and effective.
Student Errors Analysis Problem-Solving based Castolan Theory on Relations and Functions Material
Authors: Reskina  , Saragih Sehatta , Suanto Elfis , Maimunah
Published: January 2024

Material relations and functions load understanding concept on lesson mathematics as well as can help student For finish question mathematics with good and right. Objective study This is For analyze error student in finish question relations and functions based on theory Castle ie error conceptual, error procedural and error technique as well as reason happening error the. subject study are 18 students class VIII SMPN 13 Dumai. Data collection techniques are carried out with test and interview. Instrument test used is test written from valid questions and guidelines interview For verify reason student in answer question the. Obtained data from results test, then analyzed with use method descriptive qualitative. Analysis results shows 33% students do error conceptual, 41% students do error procedural, and as many as 26% students do error technical. As for what causes students are wrong finish question Relations and functions including : 1) less understand cause issue student Confused finish the answer ; 2) no control rule calculation algebra ; 3) rush in finish question so that lots wrong calculation.
Analysis Numerical Literacy Ability in Middle School Students in Material Set
Authors: Luthfiani Ulfa , Saragih Sehatta , Suanto Elfis , Maimunah
Published: January 2024

This study identified the numeracy literacy skills of Almuttaqin MTS students in a rigid material. A hallmark of numeracy literacy is the capacity to apply numbers and related symbols to operations on algebraic forms, analyze data, and understand analysis findings to predict and make judgments. Tests and interviews were used to collect data, which were then analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. Based on the findings, the numeracy literacy skills of MTS Almuttaqin students, one student (4%) is included in the excellent group for numeracy literacy, nine students (34%) are included in the excellent category, 15 students (50%) are included in the good category, and five students (11)% is included in the less category. Students with high numeracy literacy (ST) can use various numbers and symbols to solve problems, analyze information to make predictions, evaluate the findings of their analysis, and make decisions when handling the challenges of the given material. Using various numbers and symbols to solve problems and analyze information is the only marker that satisfies students with moderate numeracy literacy (SD). They have not yet reached the stage where they can make the best choices regarding their assigned content. Students with limited numeracy literacy (SR) only write numbers and are identified when completing assignments. As a result, SD and SR have not fully learned numeracy skills. The indications that were not fulfilled were caused by mistakes made by students, including not carefully recording known and asked data, choosing an inappropriate problem-solving approach, and not understanding ideas well enough to answer questions problem.
Improving Students’ Self-Confidence and Problem-Solving Ability Through RME Approach with TTW Type Cooperative Learning Model Setting
Authors: Ningrum Sri Adiningsih Utami , Rejeki Sri
Published: January 2024

Students studying mathematics get training in developing their problem-solving skills. Cognitive capacity and self-confidence can have an impact on problem-solving skills. This study aims to increase students' confidence and mathematical problem-solving skills through the TTW-type cooperative learning model RME approach. Research this class action with the Kemmis & Taggart model that can cover several cycles. The implementation of this study is two cycles with the research subjects of 28 grade VII students at a junior high school in Surakarta in the 2022/2023 academic year. Data is obtained through observation and tests. Data analysis techniques are carried out with descriptive statistics and supported by qualitative analysis of student work results. Based on the results of data analysis, confidence, and mathematical problem-solving skills, students have improved in each cycle. Students' confidence average score increased from 35.7 in the pre-cycle to 67.8 in the first and 84.8 in the second cycles. Students' mathematical problem-solving skills increased from an average score of 60 pre-cycle to 72.7 in the first cycle and 78.3 in the second cycle. This study increased self-confidence and mathematical problem-solving skills for grade VII junior high school students by applying the RME approach to setting the TTW-type cooperative learning model seen from an increase in average scores that are quite significant with 49.1 and 18.3, respectively. This finding shows the need for further efforts to achieve improved mathematical problem-solving skills that are more optimal.
Development of a Quizizz-Based Mathematics Learning Assessment Tools to Improve Students' Concepts Understanding
Authors: Wulandari Septi , Bharata Haninda , Undang Rosidin
Published: January 2024

This study aims to develop a Quizziz-based assessment tool and test its effectiveness on students' conceptual understanding abilities. This research began with preliminary studies, preparation of Quizziz-based Assessment Tools, validation of Quizziz-based Assessment Tools, limited field trials, and field trials. The subjects of this study were class VIII students of SMPN 6 Kota Metro in the 2022/2023 academic year. Research data was obtained through tests of critical thinking skills. The preliminary study results show the need to develop a Quizziz-based Assessment Tool. The Quizziz-based Assessment Toolkit is prepared by compiling a draft of the Quizziz-based Assessment Toolkit and all of its components. The results of the validation show that the Quizziz-based Assessment Tool meets the eligibility standards for content, media, and language in the proper category. The results of the field tests showed that there were differences in the conceptual understanding abilities of students in the experimental class and the control class. The conceptual understanding abilities of students who used Quizziz-based Assessment Tools were higher than the students' conceptual understanding abilities who did not use Quizziz-based Assessment Tools. Based on the field test results, it can be concluded that the Quizziz-based Assessment Tool effectively increases students' conceptual understanding skills.
Elementary School Teachers' Perceptions on Video-Based Mathematics Learning in Flipped Classroom Model towards Learning Quality
Authors: Zakiyah Zenzen , Karlimah  , Hidayat Syarip
Published: January 2024

Teachers' perceptions of video-assisted mathematics instruction in measurement topics within flipped classroom learning models vary. This study explores teachers' perceptions of using video-assisted mathematics instruction in measurement topics in elementary schools. A case study was conducted with 30 elementary school teachers teaching in various regions in Tasikmalaya. Data collection was carried out through questionnaire dissemination and interviews as research instruments. The data analysis technique employed in this study was Interactive Analysis, which involved data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The research findings indicate that teachers' perceptions of video-assisted mathematics instruction encompassed cognitive aspects with an average score of 87.50%, affective aspects with an average score of 88.50% and psychomotor aspects with an average score of 89.50%. The results show that most teachers positively perceive using video-assisted mathematics instruction in measurement topics. Teachers state that video-assisted instruction helps students understand measurement concepts and makes learning more engaging and enjoyable for elementary school students.
Senior High School Students' Strategies for Solving Mathematical Problems Based on Their Personality Type
Authors: Cahyani Nabila  , Sukirwan Sukirwan , Setiani Yani , Farooq Syed Muhammad Yousaf , Vereshchaha Viktor , Caw Sonia
Published: January 2024

Problem-solving ability is a crucial thing that every student needs. Indonesia is one of the countries that shows low mathematical problem-solving ability. The way to improve these abilities is to provide suitable problem-solving strategies and appropriate teaching and learning interactions for students. A suitable teaching method is to pay attention to the psychological aspect by observing the condition of students, one of which is by providing problem-solving strategies appropriate to personality types. This study uses the problem-solving strategy described by Herman and observes the personality types proposed by David Keirsey. This research aims to reveal the strategies students use in solving mathematical problems based on their personality type so that teachers can find suitable strategies for students. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with total sampling. Class X students took a strategy test about linear equations with one variable totaling 3 questions and a personality type test by Keirsey totaling 70 questions. The results of this study indicate that students with Guardian & Artisan personalities tend to use an open-sentence strategy. Students with Rational personalities tend to use the guess & check strategy. And students with Idealist personalities tend to use tables.
Influence of Problem-Based Learning Model on Students’ Critical Thinking Ability and Learning Motivation in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Siregar Mayshe Baidannur , Narpila Suci Dahlya
Published: January 2024

Low critical thinking skills and student learning motivation, including learning that occurs in schools, which is still teacher-centred. The students' critical thinking skills are still relatively low, which is caused by mathematics teachers who still apply the principle of transfer of knowledge. This study aims to determine the effect of the problem-based learning (PBL) model on critical thinking skills and students' motivation to learn mathematics. This type of research is a quasi-experiment. The design model uses a pre-test-post-test control group design. The population of this study was all students of class VII SMP Kesatria Medan in the 2023/2024 academic year, consisting of 30 students. Sampling was conducted using a random sampling technique, and the research sample was obtained, namely VII-1, totalling 16 students as the control class and 14 students as VII-2 as the experimental class. The research instrument used tests in the form of essays. Data analysis techniques used descriptive analysis, including normality tests, homogeneity tests and hypothesis tests, namely the t-test (paired sample t-test). The results of the study show the sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, it can be concluded that students who get the problem-based learning model are better than students who use conventional learning models.
Analysis of Student Errors in Solving Mathematics Problems Based on Newman Procedure and Providing Scaffolding
Authors: Adytia Putri Aulia , Priatna Nanang , Kusnandi Kusnandi
Published: January 2024

This error analysis can help teachers identify errors often made by students and provide appropriate solutions to overcome these errors. By knowing and understanding the mistakes students make, ways can be found to minimize or find the right solution to reduce these mistakes. This research aims to describe how students make errors based on Newman's procedural error analysis in solving SPLDV questions and providing Scaffolding based on the cause and type of error to reduce these errors. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The research subjects were 9 class VIII students at SMPN 15 Bandung. Three data analysis techniques are used, namely reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. Triangulation techniques were used for the validity of the data. The research results show that most students who make mistakes in solving SPLDV questions are at the transformation stage, amounting to 76%. The forms of Scaffolding given are types one, two and three; the processing stage is 55%. The forms of Scaffolding provided are type two and type three; the encoding stage is 67%, and the form of Scaffolding provided was type two. Meanwhile, the Stage where students made the fewest mistakes was the reading stage at 24%; the form of Scaffolding given was type two, and the understanding stage was 40%; the Scaffolding given was type one and type two.
Coupling Gloomy Eyelets in the Nucleus of Cells and Forming Unknown Distinct Structure (UDS)
Authors:   Institute of Neurophysiopathology (INP)-UMR 7051, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix-Marseille University, France, Sabatier Jean-Marc , Amini Farzan ,   exERT, Bd Pierre Dramard, France
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this article is to study about the Coupling of Gloomy Eyelets inside the nucleus of cells. The Gloomy Eyelet consists of the nano distortion of space-time (with υi and τi denote volume and time) and the Latent Buoyancy force. The particular Helmholtz resonator (for υi and τi) can define for the distortion of space-time (for υi and τi) of Gloomy Eyelet. The Hamiltonian equation will be applied for the category of nucleus of cells including the numerous Gloomy Eyelets. The coupled Gloomy Eyelets can build the virtual mass. The virtual mass can be considered as the Unknown Distinct Structure (UDS) of human body organs and performs a unknown specific function. If failure occurs in one of the Unknown Distinct Structure (UDS), the conventional treatments may be less effective for ones. The UDS can be affected by the variation of gravitational, ultrasonic and radiation fields. The internal and external interactions of UDS can play a key role for human beings healthy. The Unstable and Transient conditions of Gloomy Eyelet of cell nucleus can be considered as a new approach for the study of the disturbance of cell.
Determination of volatile components and ethnobotanical properties of Rhus coriaria L. in Isparta province of Turkey
Authors: Sarıkaya A.G. , Tığlı Kaytanlıoğlu E.H. , Fakir H.
Published: January 2024

Rhus coriaria L., which is from the Anacardiaceae family, is important as a spice and medicinal plant in Türkiye. In recent years, when drugs are insufficient, interest in natural plants has increased and their importance has increased in terms of being a source of raw materials in many industrial areas. In this study, it was aimed to determine the volatile components of sumac fruit samples collected from Kasnak, Kovada Lake, Barla Mountain, Aşağıgökdere and Sütçüler locations in Isparta province and their ethnobotanical use in the region. 159 volatile components of Rhus coriaria, were determined by the Head Void-Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (HS-SPME) technique combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The main components were α-pinene (Sütçüler 16.95%; Barla Mount 24.41%, Kovada 16.37%, Kasnak Forest 5.81%, Aşağıgökdere 18.20%, limonene (Sütçüler 7.50%; Barla Mountain 8.35%; Kovada 18.07%; Kasnak Forest 11%, 83; Aşağıgökdere 12.38%), 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-Dimethyl- (Sütçüler 13.76%; Barla Mountain 19.36%; Kovada 7.97%; Kasnak Forest 5.53% ; Aşağıgökdere 15.01%) and β-caryophyllene (Sütçüler 7.70%; Barla Mountain 21.55%; Kovada 12.99%; Kasnak Forest 33.63%; Aşağıgökdere 1.18%). To determine the ethnobotanical use of Rhus coriaria in the region, a face-to-face survey of 22 questions was applied to 150 people selected by the stratified sampling model from the local people. The local people use the leaves and flowers of Rhus coriaria as tea, the fruits as a spice, and the sour sauce obtained from the fruits for food purposes. They also stated that they use it for various ailments, especially against Covid-19, for health purposes.
Use of natural material (flask) of the Taskalinsky deposit of the West Kazakhstan region to obtain thermal insulation material
Authors: Nazarova D.S. , Satybayeva N.A. , Satayeva S.S. , Burakhta V.A. , Kazarinov I.A. , Mukambetkaliyeva A.N. , Abdygaliyeva A.K. , Yesmagulova A.A. , Baimurzin D.A.
Published: January 2024

Modern construction market is experiencing a shortage of highly efficient thermal insulation materials. Alkali-silicate raw mixtures in combination with high-performance fillers currently make it possible to create porous heat-insulating materials with unique properties: rigid cellular structure, specified geometric dimensions and shape, low thermal conductivity, incombustibility, high processability, environmental friendliness, etc. at a relatively low cost. The use of such heat-insulating materials in construction allows solving the problems of energy saving, accessibility and cost-effectiveness.
The article considers possibility of obtaining heat-insulating material based on sodium silicate (silicate glue "Polipax") and natural material - flasks from Taskalinsky deposit of West Kazakhstan region. Technical characteristics of Polypax glue are given. Using a scanning electron microscope, elemental, chemical, and oxide compositions of the flask were studied. A recipe for a heat-insulating composite material (HCM) has been compiled.To assess the quality of the obtained HCM, its physical and mechanical characteristics were determined: density, water resistance, thermal conductivity, strength. Samples I-II in terms of density and strength showed the best results, and samples III-IV differ slightly from the technical conditions in terms of the studied indicators. It has been determined that the obtained HCM using flask as filler has a positive effect on the performance properties of the heat-insulating material, and is also economically viable, because local raw materials are used. Thus, it is possible to use flask from Taskalinsky deposit of West Kazakhstan region as filler for heat-insulating material.
Chemical constituents of Dianthus superbus, Matricaria chamomilla and Glycyrrhiza glabra
Authors: Minkayeva A.A. , Mamashev Sh.M. , Nurlybekova A.K. , Kudaibergen A.A. , Shybyray Ye. , Amzeyeva U. , Jenis J.
Published: January 2024

Currently, one of the main directions of science is the study of plants with medicinal properties, the determination of biological activity and its use for medical purposes. In the present study, the quantitative and qualitative composition of phytochemical components of plants Dianthus superbus, Matricaria chamomilla and Glycyrrhiza glabra growing in the Republic of Kazakhstan were investigated for the first time. The results of our studies showed the maximum amount of organic acids (0,317 %) and flavonoids (0,296 %) in the plant Dianthus superbus. The content of extractive substances Matricaria chamomilla (30,01 %) and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (35,3 %), and the content of polysaccharides is higher in plants Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (1,475 %) and Dianthus superbus (1,434 %). The plant Matricaria chamomilla showed good results in the amount of elements needed daily by the human body, including – K (2876,70 µg/ml), Na (646,36 µg/ml), Mg (270,75 µg/ml), Ca (517,55 µg/ml), Fe (38,30 µg/ml) and Zn (2,008 µg/ml). The results of the conducted analyses showed that the studied objects contain a sufficient amount of bioactive substances that can in the future expand the range of effective domestic medicines based on plant raw materials of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Theoretical determination of electronic, geometric and spectroscopic properties of some 1,2,4-triazol derivatives
Authors: İslamoğlu F. , Erdoğan N. , Hacıfazlıoğlu E.
Published: January 2024

In this study, molecular geometric optimization of five 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one derivative compounds was obtained using Density Functional Theory, (DFT, B3LYP)/ Hartree Fock, (HF, B3LYP) methods on the basis set of 6-311G (d,p) in order to find the most stable geometric shape of the studied compounds. FT-IR and UV-vis spectral values were performed by using gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) methods with Gaussian G09W package program. IR frequency datas of investigated five compounds were calculated in gas phases and are multiplied with appropriate scala factors. The identification of the calculated IR data was performed in the veda4f program. Additionally, bond angles, bond lengths, dipole moments, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy and total energy, mulliken charges and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of five compounds were calculated using same methods and set.
Investigation of serum neopterin levels and adenosine deaminase enzymatic activity in measles infection
Authors: Narin D. , Cosgun Y. , Korukluoglu G. , Kavutcu M.
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the serum neopterin level and ADA activity in acute measles infection and determine whether there is a correlation between the measles optical density values, and the neopterin and ADA levels. The neopterin level and ADA activities were investigated in the samples of 136 measles IgM-positive patients along with those of 40 measles IgM-negative patients as the control group. The most important findings of the study was the determination of significantly higher neopterin levels and ADA activity in the measles IgM-positive group when compared to the measles IgM-negative group. These findings have shown that the neopterin level and ADA activity can assist in the diagnosis of measles in the acute period as biomarkers.
Study of features of influenza virus circulation in the southern region of Kazakhstan during the 2021 epidemic season
Authors: Ismagulova D.I. , Baimukhametova A.M. , Baiseiit S.B. , Glebova T.I. , Klivleyeva N.G. , Saktaganov N.T. , Ongarbayeva N.S. , Lukmanova G.V. , Shamenova M.G.
Published: January 2024

Influenza viruses are among the most prevalent infectious agents, leading to massive seasonal epidemics and pandemics with high mortality rates. The ability of influenza virus to antigenic variability determines the high population susceptibility, wide spread of infection, and short intervals between epidemics. In recent years, the co-circulation of influenza viruses that belong to A/H1N1pdm09 and A/ H3N2 subtypes and influenza type B virus has been observed. Here we summarize the data we explored to establish the features of the influenza virus circulation in the southern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To conduct virological and serological studies, 590 biosamples were collected from sick patients (419 swabs and 171 blood serums). Influenza type A virus RNA was found in 39 (9.31%) samples including that of A/H1N1pdm09 virus in 15 (3.58%), A/H3N2 virus in 23 (5.49%). It has also been noted that isolates A/Almaty/10/21 and A/Almaty/15/21 were profiled by the antigenic formula A/H3N2. The results of virological, serological, and molecular genetic studies confirm the simultaneous circulation of influenza A viruses (H1N1pdm09 and H3N2), and influenza type B virus. Some thoughts on the current scenario as well as implications for the future are presented as well.
Synthetic fungicides for controlling brown leaf spot of rice caused by Bipolaris oryzae
Authors: Shaheen H.M.U. , Rajput N.A. , Atiq M. , Amrao L. , Arshad W.R. , Kachelo G.A. , Usman M. , Tahir M.F.
Published: January 2024

Rice (Oryzae sativa L.) is suffering from several biotic and abiotic factors. Among biotic factors, brown leaf spot of rice (BLS) is potentially devastating disease of rice causing the severe yield losses up to 100%. The current study was designed to evaluate most effective synthetic fungicides management strategy towards BLS disease. For this purpose, 12 fungicides were screened out under in vitro conditions and four most effective fungicides were further demonstrated against the targeted pathogen with three different concentrations (100, 150 and 150ppm) by using poisoned food technique. The results revealed that propiconazole and thiophanate methyl showed the strong inhibitory effect against B. oryzae followed by contaf plus and bavistin respectively. The promising fungicides (propiconazole and thiophanate methyl) under lab conditions were further evaluated in vivo against BLS disease by using 3 types of applications i.e. Pre-inoculation, Post-inoculation and after symptoms appearance. Findings showed that, Post-inoculation was found most effective as compared to other applications, furthermore combination of propiconazole and thiophanate methyl showed significant reduction in disease incidence percent as compared to solo applications. The reduction in disease incidence percent in all application methods suggested that these synthetic fungicides could be used against BLS of rice.
Effects of a Total Motion Release (TMR®) Protocol for the Single Leg Squat on Asymmetrical Movement Patterns
Authors: Martonick Nickolai JP , McGowan Craig P , Baker Russell T , Larkins Lindsay W , Seegmiller Jeff G , Bailey Joshua P
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Improving single leg squat (SLS) movement symmetry may benefit rehabilitation protocols. The Total Motion Release® (TMR®) protocol has been theorized to evaluate and improve patient-perceived movement asymmetries.

HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether perceived asymmetries identified by a TMR® scoring protocol were related to biomechanical asymmetries and whether improving perceived asymmetries influenced movement mechanics. It was hypothesized that participants with perceived asymmetries would also present with biomechanical asymmetries. A secondary hypothesis was that participants would reduce their perceived asymmetries after performing the TMR® protocol and subsequently have greater biomechanical symmetry.

STUDY DESIGN

Descriptive Cohort (Laboratory Study).

METHODS

Twenty participants (10 female, 10 male) with self-identified bilateral differences of 10 points or greater on the TMR® scoring scale were recruited for the study. The non-preferred side was defined as the side that scored higher. 3Dimensional motion capture was used to bilaterally assess baseline SLS depth as well as hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and kinetics. For the TMR® protocol, sets of 10 SLSs were performed on the preferred leg until their perceived asymmetries were resolved (i.e., both sides scored equally), or four sets had been completed. Kinematics and kinetics were collected immediately after the intervention and after a 10-minute rest period.

RESULTS

Participants had biomechanical asymmetries at baseline for knee flexion, ankle flexion, and knee moments. Following the intervention, participants had reduced TMR® scores on the non-preferred leg, and this coincided with increased knee joint moments on that side. Although perceived asymmetries were resolved after the intervention, kinematic and kinetic asymmetries at the knee and ankle were still present.

CONCLUSIONS

A TMR® intervention could benefit rehabilitation protocols by reducing factors of dysfunction and increasing the ability of patients to load the non-preferred knee. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the importance of asymmetrical movement patterns.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

3b
Reliability of the EasyAngle® for Assessing Hip Range of Motion in Healthy Children
Authors: Duffy Elana , Wells Maria , Miller Alan , Tondra Megan , Doty Antonette
Published: January 2024

Background

The use of digital goniometry has emerged as a viable alternative to universal goniometry for assessing hip range of motion (ROM). However, few studies have assessed the use of digital goniometry in pediatric populations and there are a limited number of studies that investigate any one device. The EasyAngle® is a digital goniometer that may be beneficial for use in pediatric settings as it requires only one hand to operate the device.

Purpose

The purposes of this study were 1) to establish the intrarater and interrater reliability of the EasyAngle® digital goniometer in measuring hip joint ROM in healthy elementary school-aged children, and 2) to establish preliminary normative reference values for each year of age using the EasyAngle® for hip joint ROM in healthy elementary school-aged children.

Study Design

Descriptive Laboratory Study

Methods

Passive hip ROM (flexion, abduction, extension, internal rotation, external rotation) was measured on each leg of healthy participants using the EasyAngle®. A total of 40 hip joints were measured. Two blinded raters conducted three trials of each hip motion on both legs. Intrarater and interrater reliability of the recorded hip range of motion were calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) (3,1).

Results

Twenty healthy children were measured (age 5-10, mean = 7.40 years old, SD = 1.37, 9 males, 11 females). Mean hip ROM was reported by age. Intrarater and interrater reliability were good to excellent for all hip ROM measurements (0.81-0.97 intra rater; 0.77- 0.91 interrater). Hip flexion had the strongest intrarater (0.96, 0.97) and interrater reliability (0.91). Intrarater reliability was lowest for hip abduction for Rater 1 and hip extension for Rater 2. Interrater reliability was lowest for hip external rotation (0.78)

Conclusion

The EasyAngle® is a reliable tool for assessing hip range of motion in healthy children ages 5-10. Normative hip ROM values using the EasyAngle® are available to clinicians.

Level of Evidence

Level 3- Reliability study