bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISCURSOS SOBRE A VOZ DE LULA NA MÍDIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Piovezani Carlos
Published: May 2015

Resumo: Desde o anúncio do câncer de laringe de Lula em outubro de 2011, vimos surgir um amplo e disperso conjunto de textos sobre os riscos que a doença representava para a Voz do ex-presidente do Brasil. Fundamentados na Análise do Discurso, derivada de Michel Pêcheux, nossa proposta consiste em interpretar alguns dos enunciados da mídia brasileira que trataram da Voz de Lula, na tentativa de identificar as distintas posições de seus enunciadores e seus diferentes sentidos. Buscamos, ainda, empreender uma reflexão sobre certos aspectos da memória e da história brasileira conservados na Voz de uma de suas personagens mais importantes, no intuito de aventar possíveis respostas às seguintes questões: por que se falou tanto de sua Voz? Quais são as posições e os sentidos dessas falas sobre a Voz de Lula? Qual o papel que ela desempenhou em suas falas públicas, na composição de seu carisma e em seu sucesso político?
"SOMOS TODXS CLÁUDIA": A LEGITIMAÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA PELO ESTADO
Authors: Garcia Dantielli Assumpção , Abrahão e Sousa Lucília Maria
Published: May 2015

Resumo: Este texto, na perspectiva teórica da Análise de Discurso pecheutiana, analisa alguns posts publicados nas páginas do Facebook da Marcha das Vadias sobre o assassinato de Cláudia da Silva Ferreira após ter sido arrastada por uma viatura da Polícia Militar em 16 de março de 2014 no Rio de Janeiro. Mobilizando a noção de acontecimento discursivo, mostramos como se atualiza uma memória sobre o negro e a polícia no Brasil, colocando esta como culpada pelo assassinato da população negra e aquele como vítima da sociedade segregacionista. Explicitamos como nos posts há a tentativa de uma ruptura na violência produzida e legitimada pelo Estado.
LETRAMENTOS ACADÊMICOS E CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE: A PRODUÇÃO DO ARTIGO CIENTÍFICO POR ALUNOS DE GRADUAÇÃO
Authors: Bezerra Benedito
Published: May 2015

Resumo: Em sua trajetória na graduação universitária, estudantes procuram construir uma identidade no ambiente acadêmico, o que implica envolver-se com práticas e eventos de letramento específicos. Os eventos de letramento no ambiente acadêmico incluem a produção de gêneros de prestígio como o artigo científico. Neste trabalho, analisamos, à luz dos Estudos Culturais, Novos Estudos de Letramento e Estudos Retóricos de Gêneros, a produção de artigos científicos por graduandos em Letras como parte do processo de inserção dos estudantes em práticas e eventos de letramento na academia. No estudo, focalizamos, em cinco artigos produzidos por alunos, aspectos da intertextualidade, tomada como evidência do processo de construção da identidade letrada dos alunos no ambiente acadêmico através da produção do gênero em diálogo com escritores reconhecidos no campo. Os resultados indicam que os estudantes procuram identificar-se com os autores por meio de estratégias como a citação direta e outras formas de uso de seus textos.
O AGIR LINGUAGEIRO E A PRÁTICA DE PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL NA ESCOLA
Authors: Barros Eliana Merlin Deganutti de
Published: May 2015

Resumo: Neste artigo, tendo como objeto de análise o processo de escrita de uma carta de reclamação ancorado na metodologia das sequências didáticas, apresentamos um panorama teórico do agir comunicativo, a fim de se chegar a um quadro conceitual da ação linguageira usado por nossa pesquisa de doutoramento (abordagem qualitativo-interpretativa, de cunho etnográfico-intervencionista) como parâmetro para a análise da produção textual em situação de ensino-aprendizagem da língua. Esse quadro é resultado de empréstimos de conceitos da Teoria da Atividade de Leontiev e da sua apropriação pelos pesquisadores do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo. A conscientização do processo que envolve a ação linguageira mostrou-se de suma importância no clareamento de aspectos envolvidos no processo do ensino da produção de textos em ambiente escolar.
THE FUNCTIONAL/COGNITIVE PRINCIPLE OF INFORMATION STRUCTURE IN TEXTS: DISCOURSE PRESSURES AND SYNTACTIC DEVICES FOR ENGLISH AS L2 LEARNERS
Authors: Tenuta Adriana Maria , Oliveira Ana Larissa Adorno Marciotto
Published: May 2015

Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study carried out to investigate the degree of perception of the thematic structure of the clause (theme and rheme) and the informational structure of a text (given and new elements) by Brazilian learners of English, undergraduate students from a Federal University in Brazil. The theoretical background relies on the principles of functional-cognitive linguistics, relative to how discourse impacts linguistic choices ( HALLIDAY 1985 CHAFE 1995 ). The corpus of this research consisted of a series of exercises that were administered to undergraduate students, English majors. The findings shed light to the fact that learners are still unaware of most processes involving grammar arrangements and the discourse flow, as they are not also very conscious of how grammar can impact the communicative intent of a written text.
A AUTORIA NA DESCRIÇÃO DO ATO INFRACIONAL
Authors: Tfouni Leda Verdiani , Bartijotto Juliana
Published: May 2015

Resumo: O presente artigo investiga a definição de ato infracional, termo surgido no Brasil com a criação do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. O objetivo é analisar as marcas de autoria localizadas no discurso do Direito, entendido como um arquivo de artigos jurídicos, com o intuito de investigar a presença da deriva e da dispersão. Para sustentação teórica da análise, mobilizamos a análise do discurso de tradição francesa (AD), bem como a psicanálise lacaniana. O movimento de interpretação permite ao sujeito gestos de autoria, consistindo em movimentos de retorno ao já-dito. No entanto, de acordo coma literatura existente, o discurso do Direito não permite retomadas do que já foi dito e as paráfrases não são permitidas; porém, a escrita da lei materializa-se em um discurso passível da contradição e da incompletude, próprias do funcionamento da língua.
DISCURSO DA SALA DE AULA DE LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA: DIALOGICIDADE INTER-REGULADA
Authors: Rodrigues Junior Jader Martins , Magalhães Izabel
Published: May 2015

Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o discurso em uma sala de aula de nível iniciante em escola de língua estrangeira. Para tanto, apresentamos uma breve revisão do conceito de discurso ( FOUCAULT, 1996 2008 FAIRCLOUGH, 2003 2010 MAINGUENEAU, 2008 ), também abordando os conceitos do dialogismo bakhtiniano (2011) e da interincompreensão regulada de Maingueneau (2008 ). Nessa esteira adotamos, em nossa metodologia de análise, a teoria social do discurso ( FAIRCLOUGH, 2001 ), bem como as considerações de Blommaert (2005 ) sobre a natureza dialógica da comunicação. Dessa forma, pretendemos estabelecer a ancoragem teórico-metodológica que norteia nossa análise das amostras de eventos comunicativos. Como resultado da análise, concluímos que as relações interdiscursivas que se realizam nessa sala de aula são controladas entre os participantes da interação, conforme as metas estabelecidas no programa do curso, gerando uma dialogicidade inter-regulada de acordo com o plano de ensino.
SER OU NÃO SER "PAÍS DO FUTURO", EIS UMA QUESTÃO DISCURSIVA
Authors: Braga Diego Vieira , Ernst Aracy
Published: May 2015

Resumo: Neste artigo, analisamos um pronunciamento da Presidenta Dilma Rousseff que faz referência ao enunciado "Brasil, um país do futuro", visto aqui como constituinte do imaginário nacional. Com base na análise de discurso de orientação em Michel Pêcheux, investigamos a memória e as relações de sentidos que emergem com a remissão ao enunciado. Trazendo reflexões como a de Orlandi (2012) sobre gestos de interpretação e de Castoriadis (1987) sobre desenvolvimento como significação imaginária, mostramos que o referido discurso, ao responder à suposta imagem negativa sobre o país construída pelo enunciado, perpetua tal representação, logo, o sentido, em uma só direção (política).
Escolas/Classes Multisseriadas do Campo: reflexões para a formação docente
Authors: Janata Natacha Eugênia , Anhaia Edson Marcos de
Published: May 2015

O artigo trata da formação de professores que atuam nas escolas/classes multisseriadas do campo, tendo como base os princípios da Educação do Campo, em contraposição ao pacote educacional denominado como Programa Escola Ativa, implementado no Brasil em 1997. Inicia abordando o contexto dos anos 1990, com as políticas neoliberais que atingem a educação no país e da qual decorrem, entre outros, o fechamento das escolas/classes multisseriadas no campo. Aborda o Programa Escola Ativa e sua vinculação às políticas neoliberais no país, discorrendo sobre os princípios da Educação do Campo, finalizando com indicativos para a formação de professores de escolas/classes multisseriadas.
Agrotóxicos no Ensino de Ciências: uma pesquisa na educação do campo
Authors: Fernandes Carolina dos Santos , Stuani Geovana Mulinari
Published: May 2015

Este trabalho tem como foco analisar e discutir as compreensões de estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) a respeito da temática dos agrotóxicos no ensino de Ciências. Para apreensão das compreensões dos estudantes aplicou-se um instrumento em que os mesmos foram solicitados a discorrer a respeito da relevância de abordar a temática dos agrotóxicos na Educação Básica. A análise apontou a necessidade de entender a temática dos agrotóxicos em aspectos amplos que correspondem às dimensões teórico-metodológicas e conceituais, bem como econômicas, sociais, culturais, ambientais e éticas.
Da lama ao caos: um estuário chamado Baía de Guanabara
Authors: Costa Maria Angélica Maciel
Published: May 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os “fluxos da água” na metrópole fluminense, as relações desiguais de poder envolvidas na gestão bem como a consequência dessa situação em áreas periféricas. Para tanto, lançamos mão de revisão bibliográfica, entrevista com gestores, usuários de água e representantes da sociedade civil; além de uma análise do “Cadastro de Usuários de Água”, disponibilizado pelo órgão gestor. Verifica-se que no contexto de mutações sociais e espaciais ligadas à industrialização e aos investimentos vultosos para uma (nova) despoluição da Baía de Guanabara, a garantia de acesso à água, bem como o tratamento dado aos usuários, continua a variar de forma expressiva na metrópole fluminense.
Belém do Pará: cidade e água
Authors: Ponte Juliano Pamplona Ximenes
Published: May 2015

O artigo aborda o caso de Belém, Pará, Norte do Brasil, cidade onde a rede hidrográfica é um importante condicionante e definidor da morfologia urbana, dos usos do solo e dos atributos das atividades econômicas dispostas territorialmente. A partir de casos históricos, e de fenômenos contemporâneos de urbanização nas proximidades da água (rios, baía, estuário), nota-se sua dimensão enquanto como paisagem, veículo, substância e recurso; em paralelo, fenômenos como os waterfronts, os portos modernizados, a engenharia ambiental e a gestão de águas representam casos de materialização, e aprofundamento, de vetos no acesso à água e ao ambiente urbano em geral, apesar das diretrizes da política ambiental atual.
Governança da água e inovação na política de recuperação de recursos hídricos na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Jacobi Pedro Roberto , Fracalanza Ana Paula , Silva-Sánchez Solange
Published: May 2015

A degradação ambiental de rios e córregos urbanos nas grandes cidades tem suscitado a formulação de diferentes políticas públicas. Este artigo analisa políticas públicas visando a recuperação ambiental de córregos urbanos, como novo paradigma na gestão dos recursos hídricos. O texto aborda o padrão de urbanização da cidade de São Paulo que resultou na degradação de seus recursos hídricos e o alcance das políticas públicas voltadas à sua recuperação. Em um contexto de córregos contaminados, várzeas ocupadas por favelas, ausência de rede coletora e de tratamento de esgotos, políticas de recuperação ambiental da rede hídrica podem transformar esses córregos em importantes prestadores de serviços ecossistêmicos. As políticas de recuperação de rios e córregos urbanos têm um potencial reconhecidamente inovador e podem contribuir para a construção de uma cidade mais sustentável.
A urgência das águas: intervenções urbanas em áreas de mananciais
Authors: Alvim Angélica Tanus Benatti , Kato Volia Regina Costa , Rosin Jeane Rombi de Godoy
Published: May 2015

As relações entre políticas urbanas e ambientais representam grandes desafios para a formulação de respostas às pressões urbanas versus a preservação ambiental. Nas áreas de mananciais da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, os desafios são significativos, sobretudo porque as políticas ambientais e urbanas se confrontam com processos de ocupação espontâneos e precários em áreas protegidas. Este artigo situa o panorama da institucionalização das políticas públicas ambientais e urbanas na área de mananciais da bacia hidrográfica do reservatório Billings, aprofundando o caso do município de São Bernardo do Campo, com destaque para a implementação dos instrumentos urbanísticos que integram habitação e meio ambiente. Os desafios para a recuperação das áreas de mananciais vão além da instituição dos marcos legais. Dependem de estratégias de intervenção inovadoras que envolvem a sociedade civil e que podem sinalizar uma real transformação da realidade das bacias hidrográficas protegidas.
Gentrificação da cidade modernista: Brasília
Authors: Lauriano William
Published: May 2015

Este artigo procura a ocorrência da gentrificação em Brasília. Há críticas em relação aos custos econômicos e sociais, relativo aos efeitos da arquitetura panóptica na sociedade, e, principalmente, o papel e grau de intervenção do Estado presentes na alta carga de regulação urbanística e no monopólio do mercado fundiário, restringindo a oferta habitacional, resultando num padrão de ocupação territorial enquadrada no modelo de cidade COM-FUSA, compactas e difusas no território. A gentrificação generalizada é percebida na afirmação de que Brasília é a cidade do automóvel, observada pela maior proporção de automóveis por habitantes, mas principalmente devido à quantidade de carros para uso na roça, CAR-ROÇAS. Constata-se que o problema do déficit habitacional não é de escassez de solo, é de propriedade.
As faces (in)visíveis da regeneração urbana: rua Riachuelo e a produção de um cenário gentrificado
Authors: Crestani Andrei Mikhail Zaiatz
Published: May 2015

Projetos de recuperação de centros urbanos vêm se apresentando como importante campo de investigação. Existe uma preocupação em interpretar os deslocamentos de significados urbanos e as consequências da silenciosa substituição social e cultural que vêm naturalizando o enobrecimento como estratégia de gestão da imagem da cidade. Neste trabalho, analisa-se o projeto “Novo Centro” de Curitiba focando especificamente as transformações da Rua Riachuelo desde 2009. São exploradas as contribuições de Hamnnet (2003), Smith (2002; 2006), Vargas e Castilho (2009), entre outros teóricos. Em uma paisagem ainda não totalmente transformada, a Riachuelo tem impactos sensíveis, ainda que não totalmente visíveis, de um processo em que a gentrificação é tida como instrumento de política urbana que subsidia sua remodelagem socioespacial, cultural e econômica.
Construção técnico-política de governança metropolitana
Authors: Clementino Maria do Livramento Miranda , Almeida Lindijane de Souza Bento
Published: May 2015

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir uma teoria pertinente à análise dos problemas de planejamento e gestão metropolitana, partindo da ideia de “planejamento adaptativo” (Clementino e Almeida, 2011) e do conceito de “mal público metropolitano” desenvolvido por Lacerda (2011) na formulação de um modelo de ação coletiva metropolitana. Propõe a inclusão de um novo elemento no “balanço global positivo de gestão” de Matus (1996) para analisar a cooperação intergovernamental para solução de problemas comuns, particularmente no Brasil, e como solucionar o "mal público metropolitano". A expectativa é a de contribuir para o debate da governança urbana e metropolitana na América Latina a partir de uma nova concepção que tem como base de sustentação teórico-metodológica o conceito de ação coletiva elaborado a partir da sistematização e recorte de uma literatura atualizada.
O lugar da opinião. A cidade e os espaços de produção social da opinião pública
Authors: Siqueira Maria da Penha Smarzaro , Ferreira Gilton Luis
Published: May 2015

Por mais que o termo possa induzir, o conceito de esfera pública não se encontra vinculado aos espaços de natureza pública fisicamente construídos. Mesmo assim, tendo como pano de fundo conceitual a obra do filósofo alemão Jürgen Habermas, Mudança Estrutural da Esfera Pública: investigações quanto a uma categoria da sociedade burguesa, o presente artigo se propõe identificar alguns ambientes que, na longa trajetória da história das cidades, serviram de palco para desenvolvimento das discussões e afirmação das ideias coletivas, buscando assim reconhecer lugares urbanos que historicamente embalaram a produção social da opinião pública e os novos ambientes midiáticos que a esse fim se propõem.
Physiological potential of stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande seeds coated with different materials
Authors: Xavier Priscilla Brites , Vieira Henrique Duarte , Guimarães Cynthia Pires
Published: May 2015

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different coatings on the physiological potential of stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande seeds. The treatments were: uncoated seeds; limestone + PVA glue; limestone + sand + PVA glue; limestone + activated carbon + PVA glue; calcium silicate + PVA glue; calcium silicate + sand + PVA glue; calcium silicate + activated carbon + PVA glue. Posteriorly, the seeds were analyzed for water content (WC), maximum diameter (MAD) and minimum diameter (MID), thousand seed weight (TSW), germination test, germination speed index (GSI), mean germination time (MGT), emergence, emergence speed index (ESI), mean emergence time (MET), shoot and root length, fresh and dry matter of shoot and root. The coating increased the TSW, MAD and MID and decreased its WC. The treatments comprising limestone + PVA glue and limestone + sand + PVA glue increased the germination time, but none of the treatments negatively affected the physiological seed quality. Treatment with calcium silicate + PVA glue was outstanding for germination speed index and fresh and dry matter of shoot and root in the stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande seeds coating.
NUTRITIONAL, METABOLIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR CORRELATIONS OF MORNING CORTISOL IN HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN A GASTROENTEROLOGY SERVICE
Authors: GUERRA Aline , SOARES Rafael Marques , PEZZI Fernanda , KARKOW Francisco Juarez , FAINTUCH Joel
Published: May 2015

Background Workplace stress has been associated with obesity. Diminished body weight has also been anticipated in some contexts. Objective In a cohort of healthcare personnel, morning cortisol was compared to nutritional and metabolic variables, aiming to identify the correlates of such marker. Methods Population n=185, 33.8 ± 9.8 years, 88.1% females, body mass index (BMI) 25.6 ± 4.4 kg/m2, included nurses and other nosocomial professionals, the majority with high social-economic status (75.2%). Participants were stratified according to BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Fasting plasma cortisol and the Framingham Coronary Risk Score was calculated. Results Mean cortisol was acceptable (19.4 ± 7.9 µg/dL) although with elevation in 21.6%. No correlation with FBG or MS occurred, and nonobese persons (BMI <25) exhibited the highest values (P=0.049). Comparison of the lowest and highest cortisol quartiles confirmed reduced BMI and waist circumference in the former, with unchanged Framingham Coronary Risk Score. Conclusion Cortisol correlated with reduced BMI. Despite low BMI and waist circumference, Framingham Coronary Risk Score was not benefitted, suggesting that exposure to cardiovascular risk continues, besides psychological strain. Initiatives to enhance organizational and staff health are advisable in the hospital environment.
COPPER AND MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCIES IN PATIENTS WITH SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME RECEIVING PARENTERAL NUTRITION OR ORAL FEEDING
Authors: BRAGA Camila Bitu Moreno , FERREIRA Iahel Manon de Lima , MARCHINI Júlio Sérgio , CUNHA Selma Freire de Carvalho da
Published: May 2015

Background Patients with short bowel syndrome have significant fluid and electrolytes loss. Objective Evaluate the mineral and electrolyte status in short bowel syndrome patients receiving intermittent parenteral nutrition or oral feeding. Methods Twenty two adults with short bowel syndrome, of whom 11 were parenteral nutrition dependent (PN group), and the 11 remaining had been weaned off parenteral nutrition for at least 1 year and received all nutrients by oral feeding (OF group). The study also included 14 healthy volunteers paired by age and gender (control group). Food ingestion, anthropometry, serum or plasma levels of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron and copper were evaluated. PN group subjects were evaluated before starting a new parenteral nutrition cycle. Results The levels of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium and zinc were similar between the groups. The magnesium value was lower in the PN group (1.0 ± 0.4 mEq /L) than other groups. Furthermore, this electrolyte was lower in the OF group (1.4 ± 0.3 mEq /L) when compared to the Control group (1.8 ± 0.1 mEq/L). Lower values of copper (69±24 vs 73±26 vs 109±16 µg/dL) were documented, respectively, for the PN and OF groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion Hypomagnesemia and hypocupremia are electrolyte disturbances commonly observed in short bowel syndrome. Patients with massive intestinal resection require monitoring and supplementation in order to prevent magnesium and copper deficiencies.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH HEARTBURN AND REGURGITATION
Authors: DALL'ALBA Valesca , CALLEGARI-JACQUES Sidia Maria , KRAHE Cláudio , BRUCH Juliana Paula , ALVES Bruna Cherubini , BARROS Sérgio Gabriel Silva de
Published: May 2015

Background Heartburn and regurgitation frequently occur in the third trimester of pregnancy, but their impact on quality of life has not been thoroughly investigated. Objective To measure health-related quality of life of third-trimester pregnant women with heartburn and regurgitation. Methods Data on obstetric history, heartburn and regurgitation frequency and intensity, history of heartburn and regurgitation and health-related quality of life were collected of 82 third-trimester pregnant women. Results Sixty-two (76%) women had heartburn, and 58 (71%), regurgitation; 20 were asymptomatic. Mean gestational age was 33.8±3.7 weeks; 35 (43%) women had a family history of heartburn and/or regurgitation, and 57 (70%) were asymptomatic before pregnancy. The following quality of life concepts were significantly reduced: physical problems and social functioning for heartburn; physical problems and emotional functioning for regurgitation. There was agreement between heartburn in present and previous pregnancies. Conclusion Heartburn and/or regurgitation affected health-related quality of life of third trimester pregnant women
ORAL MUCOSA LESIONS AND ORAL SYMPTOMS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: LARANJEIRA Nuno , FONSECA Jorge , MEIRA Tânia , FREITAS João , VALIDO Sara , LEITÃO Jorge
Published: May 2015

Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease is known for its extra intestinal manifestations, the oral cavity is no exception. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and oral mucosa lesions and symptoms, and complementary to evaluate their possible relation with oral hygiene, smoking habits, drug therapy, duration and activity of the disease. Methods Patients were selected from the Gastroenterology Clinic of a Portuguese tertiary referral hospital. This sample consisted of 113 patients previously diagnosed with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease along with a control group of 58 healthy individuals that were accompanying the study group patients to their appointments. Clinical interviews and clinical examinations were performed for data collection. Results The patients in the study group were more affected by oral symptoms (P=0.011), and showed a trend towards a higher incidence of oral mucosal lesions, even though statistical significance was not reached (8.8% versus 3.4% in the control group; P=0.159). Patients in active phase were the most affected. No differences were detected between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, or concerning smoking habits. The corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy seemed to increase the incidence of oral symptoms (P=0.052). The oral mucosa lesions increased and the oral symptoms decreased over the course of the disease, however without statistical significance. Conclusion Oral mucosa’s lesions and oral symptoms were positively associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, mainly during disease activity periods and conceivably, associated with corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy.
NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY DISEASE FROM A BRAZIL NORTHEAST AREA
Authors: VILAR Consuêlo Padilha , COTRIM Helma Pinchemel , FLORENTINO Gesira Soares Assis , BRAGAGNOLI Gerson , SCHWINGEL Paulo Adriano , BARRETO Cibelle Padilha Vilar
Published: May 2015

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent chronic liver injury around the world. It is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Objective To evaluate the frequency and relevance of NAFLD in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients from a Brazil Northeast area, who underwent elective coronary angiography (CAG) from 2009 to 2010 were included. All of them had suspicion of CAD. Criteria to CAD: presence of obstructive lesions in the epicardial coronary arteries, or in their major branches. NAFLD criteria: presence of hepatic steatosis on ultrasound; exclusion of other liver diseases; ethanol intake ≤ 20g/day. Statistics analysis included Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney and Pearson’s chi-squared test. Multivariate regression analysis measured the relationship between the risk factors and the concomitant presence of CAD and NAFLD. Results A total of 244 patients were evaluated: 63.5% had CAD and 42.2% had NAFLD. NAFLD was observed in 43.9% of the CAD patients. The regression analysis showed that the relationship between CAD and NAFLD was positively correlated with HOMA-IR ≥3.0 or insulin resistance and overweight/obesity. Conclusion NAFLD was frequent among CAD patients; insulin resistance and overweight/obesity were the most relevant risk factors related to the association NAFLD and CAD. The results suggest that patients with CAD should be evaluated for NAFLD.
PREVALENCE OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AND ITS CORRELATION WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: ROMANOWSKI Mariana Drechmer , PAROLIN Monica Beatriz , FREITAS Alexandre C T , PIAZZA Mauri J , BASSO Jorgete , URBANETZ Almir A
Published: May 2015

Background The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women at childbearing age. Metabolic syndrome is present from 28% to 46% of patients with PCOS. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome. There are few published studies that correlate PCOS and NAFLD. Objective To determine the prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS, and to verify if there is a correlation between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in this population. Methods Study developed at Gynecology Department of Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Parana (UFPR). The sessions were conducted from April 2008 to January 2009. One hundred and thirty-one patients joined the analysis; 101 were diagnosed with PCOS and 30 formed the control group. We subdivided the PCOS patients into two subgroups: PCOS+NAFLD and PCOS. All the patients were submitted to hepatic sonography. For hepatoestheatosis screening, hepatic ecotexture was compared do spleen’s. For diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, we adopted the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria, as well as the criteria proposed by International Diabetes Federation. Statistical analysis were performed with t of student and U of Mann-Whitney test for means and chi square for proportions. Results At PCOS group, NAFLD was present in 23.8% of the population. At control group, it represented 3.3%, with statistical significance (P=0.01). Metabolic syndrome, by NCEP/ATP III criteria, was diagnosed in 32.7% of the women with PCOS and in 26.6% of the women at control group (no statistical difference, P=0.5). At PCOS+DHGNA subgroup, age, weight, BMI, abdominal circumference and glucose tolerance test results were higher when compared to PCOS group (P<0.01). Metabolic syndrome by NCEP/ATPIII criteria was present in 75% and by International Diabetes Federation criteria in 95.8% of women with PCOS+NAFLD with P<0.01. Insulin levels at SOP+DHGNA were higher than at PCOS group with P<0.01. Conclusion Almost 25% of the patients with PCOS were diagnosed for NAFLD. Metabolic syndrome was present between 32.7% and 44.6% of patients with PCOS. At subgroup PCOS+NAFLD, metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent. These patients are more obese, with higher BMI and higher glucose levels.
THE INFLUENCE OF END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE AND LIVER TRANSPLANTATION ON THYROID HORMONES
Authors: PENTEADO Karla Rocha , COELHO Júlio Cezar Uili , PAROLIN Mônica Beatriz , MATIAS Jorge Eduardo Fouto , FREITAS Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de
Published: May 2015

Background Thyroid dysfunction has been reported in most chronic illnesses including severe liver disease. These defects in thyroid hormone metabolism result in the sick euthyroid syndrome, also known as low T3 syndrome. Objectives Our objective was to evaluate the thyroid function in patients with end stage liver disease prior and after deceased donor liver transplantation and to correlate thyroid hormonal changes with the MELD score (Model for End stage Liver Disease). Methods In a prospective study, serum levels of thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone TSH), total thyroxine (tT4), free thyroxine (fT4) and triiodothyronine (T3) from 30 male adult patients with end stage liver disease were measured two to four hours before and 6 months after liver transplantation (LT). MELD was determined on the day of transplant. For this analysis, extra points were not added for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Results The patients had normal TSH and fT4 levels before LT and there was no change after the procedure. Total thyroxine and triiodothyronine were within the normal range before LT, except for four patients (13.3%) whose values were lower. Both hormones increased to normal values in all four patients after LT (P=0.02 and P<0.001, respectively). When the patients were divided into two groups (MELD <18 and MELD >18), it was observed that there was no change in the TSH, freeT4, and total T4 levels in both groups after LT. Although there was no significant variation in the level of T3 in MELD <18 group (P=0.055), there was an increase in the MELD >18 group after LT (P=0.003). Conclusion Patients with end stage liver disease subjected to liver transplantation had normal TSH and fT4 levels before and after LT. In a few patients with lower tT4 and T3 levels before LT, the level of these hormones increased to normal after LT.
COELIAC DISEASE IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: time for a concerted approach to its epidemiology
Authors: FARRUKH Affifa , MAYBERRY John Francis
Published: May 2015

Central and South America offer an opportunity to resolve some of the current controversies that surround the epidemiology of celiac disease. Through a concerted action which brings together clinicians, researchers and patients there is an opportunity to establish robust data sets which will allow detailed analysis of environmental and genetic factors. In this review available data from the continent together with data from Spain and Italy are drawn together to give a current picture in the hope that it will stimulate further research.
HELICOBACTER PYLORI PREVALENCE IN PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: LASA Juan , ZUBIAURRE Ignacio , DIMA Guillermo , PERALTA Daniel , SOIFER Luis
Published: May 2015

Background Some previously published studies have suggested an inverse relationship between celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori, raising the possibility of the protective role Helicobacter pylori could have against celiac disease development. Nevertheless, this association is inconclusive. Objectives To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in celiac subjects. Methods Between January 2013 and June 2014, patients over 18 years old undergoing upper endoscopy who required both gastric and duodenal biopsies were included for analysis. Enrolled subjects were divided in two groups: those with a diagnosis of celiac disease and those without a celiac disease diagnosis. Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence was compared between groups. Among celiac patients, endoscopic markers of villous atrophy as well as histological damage severity were compared between those with and without Helicobacter pylori infection. Results Overall, 312 patients were enrolled. Seventy two of them had a diagnosis of celiac disease. Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence among celiac disease patients was 12.5%, compared to 30% in non-celiac patients [OR=0.33 (0.15-0.71)]. There was not a significant difference in terms of the severity of villous atrophy in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection compared to those without it. There was a slight increase in the prevalence of endoscopic markers in those Helicobacter pylori-negative celiac subjects. Conclusion Helicobacter pylori infection seems to be less frequent in celiac patients; among those celiac subjects with concomitant Helicobacter pylori infection, histological damage degree and presence of endoscopic markers suggesting villous atrophy seem to be similar to those without Helicobacter pylori infection.
SIMPLIFYING CELIAC DISEASE PREDISPOSING HLA-DQ ALLELES DETERMINATION BY THE REAL TIME PCR METHOD
Authors: SELLESKI Nicole , ALMEIDA Lucas Malta , ALMEIDA Fernanda Coutinho de , GANDOLFI Lenora , PRATESI Riccardo , NÓBREGA Yanna Karla de Medeiros
Published: May 2015

Background Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Genetic susceptibility is associated with two sets of alleles, DQA1*05 - DQB1*02 and DQA1*03 - DQB1*03:02, which code for class II MHC DQ2 and DQ8 molecules, respectively. Approximately 90%-95% of celiac patients are HLA-DQ2 positive, and half of the remaining patients are HLA-DQ8 positive. In fact, during a celiac disease diagnostic workup, the absence of these specific DQA and DQB alleles has a near perfect negative predictive value. Objective Improve the detection of celiac disease predisposing alleles by combining the simplicity and sensitivity of real-time PCR (qPCR) and melting curve analysis with the specificity of sequence-specific primers (SSP). Methods Amplifications of sequence-specific primers for DQA1*05 (DQ2), DQB1*02 (DQ2), and DQA1*03 (DQ8) were performed by the real time PCR method to determine the presence of each allele in independent reactions. Primers for Human Growth Hormone were used as an internal control. A parallel PCR-SSP protocol was used as a reference method to validate our results. Results Both techniques yielded equal results. From a total of 329 samples the presence of HLA predisposing alleles was determined in 187 (56.8%). One hundred fourteen samples (61%) were positive for a single allele, 68 (36.3%) for two alleles, and only 5 (2.7%) for three alleles. Conclusion Results obtained by qPCR technique were highly reliable with no discordant results when compared with those obtained using PCR-SSP.
FLUCTUATING JAUNDICE IN THE ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE AMPULLA OF VATER: a classic sign or an exception?
Authors: ALVES José Roberto , AMICO Enio Campos , SOUZA Dyego Leandro Bezerra de , OLIVEIRA Patrick Vanttinny Vieira de , MARANHÃO Ícaro Godeiro de Oliveira
Published: May 2015

Background Some authors consider the fluctuating jaundice as a classic sign of the adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. Objetive Assessing the frequency of fluctuating jaundice in their forms of its depiction in the patients with adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. Methods Observational and retrospective study, conducted through analyses of medical records from patients subjected to pancreatic cephalic resections between February 2008 and July 2013. The pathological examination of the surgical specimen was positive to adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. Concepts and differences on clinical and laboratory fluctuating jaundice were standardized. It was subdivided into type A and type B laboratory fluctuating jaundice. Results Twenty patients were selected. One of them always remained anicteric, 11 patients developed progressive jaundice, 2 of them developed clinical and laboratory fluctuating jaundice, 5 presented only laboratory fluctuating jaundice and one did not present significant variations on total serum bilirubin levels. Among the seven patients with fluctuating jaundice, two were classified as type A, one as type B and four were not classified due to lack information. Finally, progressive jaundice was the prevailing presentation form in these patients (11 cases). Conclusion This series of cases suggested that clinical fluctuating jaundice is a uncommon signal in adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF HER2 IN ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE STOMACH
Authors: DE CARLI Diego Michelon , ROCHA Marta Pires da , ANTUNES Luis Carlos Moreira , FAGUNDES Renato Borges
Published: May 2015

Background Worldwide, gastric cancer is the fourth cancer in incidence and the second most common cause of cancer death. Gastric cancer is asymptomatic in the early stages and very often diagnosed at advanced stages, determining a dismal prognosis. Expression of the HER2 gene has been identified in about 20% of gastric cancer cases, and its hyper-expression is associated with poor prognosis. Objective To investigate HER2 immunohistochemical expression in gastric adenocarcinoma and its relationship to the histological type and anatomic location. Methods A cross-sectional retrospective study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of HER2 in a sample of 48 specimens of gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis were performed using avidin-biotin-peroxidase method with C-erb B2 (clone EP1045Y), as a primary antibody (Biocare Medical, USA). Standardized gastric adenocarcinoma‘s HER2 expression criteria has been used in the analysis of samples. Results There were seven cases with reactivity for HER2. Five were of intestinal-type while two cases were of mixed-type in which the expression occurred in the intestinal component. It was identified a significant association of HER2 expression in the intestinal subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma (P=0.003). Regarding the anatomical site, HER2 was positive in only one (16.6%) of the six proximal cases and six (14.28%) of the 42 distal cases (P=0.88). Conclusion HER2 immunoexpression was identified in 14.6% of the samples, and the expression was significantly associated to Lauren’s intestinal subtype.
THE ONTOGENY OF SALIVA SECRETION IN INFANTS AND ESOPHAGOPROTECTION
Authors: COLLARES Edgard Ferro , FERNANDES Maria Inez Machado
Published: May 2015

Background Several studies have reported that severe reflux esophagitis is rare in infants despite the well known high occurrence of regurgitation in early infancy. There is evidence of the importance of saliva for the pre-epithelial protection of the esophageal mucosa. Results A longitudinal study conducted on healthy infants indicated that the stimulated capacity of saliva secretion (saliva output per kg of body weight) was significantly higher during their first year of age compared to older children and adults. In addition, this secretion pattern was also observed in low weight newborns during the first weeks of life and persisted in infants with severe protein-calorie malnutrition (marasmus). Conclusion The greater ability to secrete saliva is an important physiological condition that may protect the infant from acid/pepsin aggression to the esophagus during early stages of development.
A PHASE II TRIAL EXPLORING THE EXTENSIVE INTRA-OPERATIVE PERITONEAL LAVAGE (EIPL) AS A PROPHYLACTIC STRATEGY FOR PERITONEAL RECURRENCE IN LOCALLY ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER: reporting postoperative morbidity and mortality after early closure
Authors: BATISTA Thales Paulo , MARTINS Mário Rino , MARTINS-FILHO Euclides Dias , SANTOS Rogerio Luiz dos
Published: May 2015

Background The Extensive Intraoperative Peritoneal Lavage (EIPL) has been proposed as a practical prophylactic strategy to decrease the risk of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer. Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of the EIPL in our locally advanced gastric cancer patients. Methods This study is an open-label, double-center, single-arm phase II clinical trial developed at two tertiary hospitals from Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil). Results The study protocol was prematurely closed due to slow accrual after only 16 patients had been recruited to participate. Eight of them were excluded of the protocol study during the laparotomy, whereas four cases were also excluded from the per-protocol analysis. Two patients had died in hospital before 30 days and six were alive with no evidence of cancer relapses after a follow-up ranging from five to 14,2 months (median of 10.6 months). In the intention-to-treat analysis, three of eight patients suffered of gastrointestinal leakages and two of them had died. On a per-protocol basis, two of four patients presented this type of postoperative complication and one of them had died. All deaths occurred as a somewhat consequence of gastrointestinal leakages. Conclusion We could not make any conclusion about the safety and efficacy of the EIPL, but the possibility of this approach might increase the rate of gastrointestinal leakage is highlighted.
Growth and energy metabolism of Nile tilapia juveniles fed glycerol
Authors: Costa Diego Vicente da , Paulino Renan Rosa , Okamura Daniel , Oliveira Marinez Moraes de , Rosa Priscila Vieira e
Published: May 2015

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of dietary glycerol in replacement to starch on the growth and energy metabolism of Nile tilapia juveniles. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 5, 10, and 15% purified glycerol) and six replicates. Pelleted, isonitrogenous, and isocaloric diets were provided for 60 days. Growth performance parameters and muscle glucose and protein concentrations were not affected by dietary glycerol levels. The treatment with 15% glycerol presented higher levels of muscle and liver triglycerides. A quadratic effect of treatments on muscle and liver triglyceride concentrations was observed. The treatment with 0% glycerol presented higher hepatic glucose levels than the one with 15%. Treatments did not differ for concentrations of liver protein, as well as of plasma glucose, triglycerides, and protein. Treatments with 10 and 15% glycerol showed higher activity of the glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase enzyme than the treatment with 5%; however, there were no significant differences in the hepatic activities of the malic and glycerol kinase enzymes. A linear positive effect of treatments was observed on the activity of the glycerol kinase enzyme in liver. Levels of glycerol inclusion above 10% in the diet of Nile tilapia juveniles characterize it as a lipogenic nutrient.
Comparative biology of two congeneric stinkbugs, Chinavia impicticornis and C. ubica (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Silva Cleonor Cavalcante Alves , Laumann Raul Alberto , Moraes Maria Carolina Blassioli , Aquino Michely Ferreira Santos de , Borges Miguel
Published: May 2015

The objective of this work was to compare the biology of Chinavia impicticornis and C. ubica (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), two species of stinkbugs that occur as secondary pests in soybean. Life table procedures were used for evaluating nymphs, and fecundity tables for evaluating adults, in order to establish the demographics of the two species. The two species have similar demographic parameters, and the development of immature stages, from egg to adult, had similar duration periods of approximately 30 days. In both species, eggs and second-instar nymphs were the stages with higher mortality. Total egg production did not differ between females of both species. Fecundity and survival curves for adults showed similar trends in both species. However, C. ubica had greater potential to increase its populations, since its fecundity parameters were significantly higher than those of C. impicticornis. Moreover, the generational time and the time required to double the population size were shorter in C. ubica. Prolonged longevity, long oviposition period, high fecundity, and the ability to rapidly increase their populations indicate that both species can become potential pests in favorable environments.
Incidence of Garlic common latent virus in Argentina, and phylogenetic and recombination analyses of isolates
Authors: Torrico Ada Karina , Celli Marcos Giovani , Conci Luis Rogelio , Conci Vilma Cecilia
Published: May 2015

The objective of this work was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of Garlic common latent virus (GarCLV) in the main production regions of garlic (Allium sativum) in Argentina, and to perform phylogenetic and recombination analyses in isolates from these regions. Leaf samples (3,050) were taken from four garlic commercial types, in 13 departments of the four main garlic-producing provinces of Argentina, in a 1,175-ha sampling area. Virus infection was evaluated with DAS-Elisa test using specific antiserum, and the phylogenetic and recombination analyses were done with capsid protein (CP) nucleotide sequence of seven GarCLV isolates from the provinces. The incidence of GarCLV in the evaluated provinces varied between 6.7 and 22% of the samples, whereas the prevalence varied between 52.6 and 70%. In the analysis of garlic commercial types, Morado showed the highest incidence of the virus, in the province of San Juan, whereas Rosado Paraguayo had the lowest incidence, in the province of Cordoba. Nucleotide identity in the CP sequences ranged between 80.3 and 97.6%. The phylogenetic analysis shows the presence of two main groups of GarCLV and of a possible third group that would include only a German isolate. The recombination analysis between isolates from different parts of the world evidences the presence of recombinant isolates from Poland and Australia.