bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is duration of passive second stage associated with a risk of hysterotomy extension during cesarean?
Authors: Merrer Jade , Dreyfus Clara , Girault Aude , Goffinet François , Le Ray Camille
Published: October 2021

Objective

To assess obstetric factors associated with hysterotomy extension among women undergoing a second-stage cesarean.

Study design

This 5-year retrospective cohort study (2013–2017) included all women with second-stage cesarean deliveries of live-born singleton fetuses in cephalic presentation at term. It took place at a tertiary center that practices delayed pushing. We performed univariable and multivariable logistic regression to assess the maternal, obstetric, and neonatal factors associated with hysterotomy extension mentioned in the surgical report. Operative time, postpartum hemorrhage, and maternal complications were also studied.

Results

Of the 3350 intrapartum cesareans, 2637 were performed at term for singleton fetuses in cephalic presentation: 747 (28.3%) during the second stage of labor, 83 (11.1%) of which were complicated by a hysterotomy extension. The median duration of the passive phase of the second stage did not differ between women with and without an extension (164 min versus 160 min, P = 0.85). No other second-stage obstetric characteristics, i.e., duration of the active phase, fetal head station, or fetal malposition, were associated with the risk of extension. Factors significantly associated with extension were the surgeon’s experience and forceps use during the cesarean. Women with an extension, compared to women without one, had a longer median operative time (49 min versus 32 min, P<0.001) and higher rates of postpartum hemorrhage and blood transfusion (respectively, 30.1% versus 15.1%, p = 0.002 and 7.2% versus 2.4%, P = 0.03).

Conclusion

The risk of a hysterotomy extension does not appear to be associated with second-stage obstetric characteristics, including the duration of the passive phase of this stage. In our center, which practices delayed pushing, prolonging this passive phase beyond 2 hours does not increase the risk of hysterotomy extension in second-stage cesareans.
Effects of low-level laser therapy versus soft occlusive splints on mouth opening and surface electromyography in females with temporomandibular dysfunction: A randomized-controlled study
Authors: Shousha Tamer , Alayat Mohamed , Moustafa Ibrahim
Published: October 2021

Background

Low level lasers have been used as an alternative pain relief therapy for muscle and joint pain, since it induces analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and biomodulation effects of the physiological cell functions. The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) treatment, however, is not well established. Although Surface electromyography (sEMG) has been suggested as a complementary means in TMD diagnosis, the effect of conservative treatments on muscle activity has not yet been thoroughly correlated with (sEMG) findings.

Purpose

To assess the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as compared to occlusive splint therapy (OST) on the TMJ opening index (TOI) and sEMG of masticatory muscles.

Materials and methods

112 female subjects suffering from unilateral myogenous TMD, aged 21–30 years-old, were recruited and divided into three groups: LLLT; soft occlusive splint therapy OST and a waitlist group as controls.

Outcome measures

TMJ opening index (TOI), Visual analogue scale (VAS), surface electromyography (sEMG).

Results

A significant reduction was reported in TOI, VAS and the sEMG within the LLLT and OST groups as well as significant decrease in all outcomes between groups in favor of the LLLT group (P< 0.0001). Meanwhile, there was a weak significant difference within the control group probably attributed to the analgesic. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons between groups [control vs occlusive splints, control vs low-level laser and low-level laser vs occlusive splints] revealed significant differences in the VAS and TOI [P = 0.0001; 95% CI: 0.9–2.2, 1.61–4.01, 0.65–1.96].

Conclusions

Findings support an evident short term therapeutic effect of the LLLT on improving VAS, TOI and sEMG in females suffering from myogenous TMD.
High value correlates of caregiver reported counseling service need and utilization for adolescents at-risk for childhood maltreatment and neglect
Authors: Vázquez Alejandro L. , Chou Tommy , Navarro Flores Cynthia M. , Barrett Tyson S. , Villodas Miguel T. , Domenech Rodríguez Melanie M.
Published: October 2021

Adolescents with a history of child maltreatment experience increased risk for psychopathology that sets them on a trajectory towards a range of difficulties in adulthood. Various factors influence caregivers’ decisions to seek mental health services (MHS) that could improve developmental outcomes. The present study applied a machine learning algorithm, elastic net, to a sample of 878 adolescent-caregiver dyads from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. Analyses simultaneously examined a large number of factors to determine their ability to discriminate between caregivers who perceived a need for MHS and those who did not, as well as caregivers who utilized MHS and those who did not. Results highlight family demographics, chronic parental stressors, youth psychopathology, and exposure to recent adversities as good classifiers of caregiver perceived need for (77.6%; sensitivity = .77; specificity = .78) and utilization of (71%; sensitivity = .71; specificity = .71) adolescent MHS. Elastic net identified adolescent clinical externalizing and internalizing problems, and parental stress related to child(ren)’s behavior as high value classifiers of both outcomes. Youth living with non-kin caregivers were also significantly more likely to utilize MHS. Findings highlight the importance of assessing clinical need, stress related to child(ren)’s behavior, and caregiver kinship in understanding the likelihood that at-risk families will seek adolescent MHS.
Activation of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 in the early phase of childhood IgA nephropathy
Authors: Tezuka Yuko , Eguchi-Ishimae Minenori , Ozaki Erina , Ito Toshiyuki , Ishii Eiichi , Eguchi Mariko
Published: October 2021

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis worldwide. Pediatric patients in Japan are diagnosed with IgAN at an early stage of the disease through annual urinary examinations. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) have various roles, including proinflammatory effects, and modulation of several kidney diseases; however, no reports have described their roles in pediatric IgAN. In this study, we performed pathological and immunohistochemical analyses of samples from 14 pediatric IgAN patients. Additionally, gene expression arrays of glomeruli by laser-captured microdissection were performed in hemi-nephrectomized high serum IgA (HIGA) mice, a model of IgA nephropathy, to determine the role of Fn14. Glomeruli with intense Fn14 deposition were observed in 80% of mild IgAN cases; however, most severe cases showed glomeruli with little or no Fn14 deposition. Fn14 deposition was not observed in obvious mesangial proliferation or the crescent region of glomeruli, but was detected strongly in the glomerular tuft, with an intact appearance. In HIGA mice, Fn14 deposition was observed mildly beginning at 11 weeks of age, and stronger Fn14 deposition was detected at 14 weeks of age. Expression array analysis indicated that Fn14 expression was higher in HIGA mice at 6 weeks of age, increased slightly at 11 weeks, and then decreased at 26 weeks when compared with controls at equivalent ages. These findings suggest that Fn14 signaling affects early lesions but not advanced lesions in patients with IgAN. Further study of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway will contribute to our understanding of the progression of IgAN.
Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV
Authors: Wallace Douglas M. , Alcaide Maria L. , Wohlgemuth William K. , Jones Weiss Deborah L. , Uribe Starita Claudia , Patel Sanjay R. , Stosor Valentina , Levine Andrew , Skvarca Carling , Long Dustin M. , Rubtsova Anna , Adimora Adaora A. , Gange Stephen J. , Spence Amanda B. , Anastos Kathryn , Aouizerat Bradley E. , Anziska Yaacov , Punjabi Naresh M.
Published: October 2021

Background

Data on the prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in people with HIV are limited. This study sought to determine the prevalence of RLS, associated clinical correlates, and characterize sleep-related differences in men with and without HIV.

Methods

Sleep-related data were collected in men who have sex with men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Demographic, health behaviors, HIV status, comorbidities, and serological data were obtained from the MACS visit coinciding with sleep assessments. Participants completed questionnaires, home polysomnography, and wrist actigraphy. RLS status was determined with the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire. RLS prevalence was compared in men with and without HIV. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of RLS among all participants and men with HIV alone. Sleep-related differences were examined in men with and without HIV by RLS status.

Results

The sample consisted of 942 men (56% HIV+; mean age 57 years; 69% white). The prevalence of definite RLS was comparable in men with and without HIV (9.1% vs 8.7%). In multinomial regression, HIV status was not associated with RLS prevalence. However, white race, anemia, depression, and antidepressant use were each independently associated with RLS. HIV disease duration was also associated with RLS. Men with HIV and RLS reported poorer sleep quality, greater sleepiness, and had worse objective sleep efficiency/fragmentation than men without HIV/RLS.

Conclusions

The prevalence of RLS in men with and without HIV was similar. Screening for RLS may be considered among people with HIV with insomnia and with long-standing disease.
Determinants of profiles of competence development in mathematics and reading in upper secondary education in Germany
Authors: Freund Micha-Josia , Wolter Ilka , Lockl Kathrin , Gnambs Timo
Published: October 2021

The registered report was targeted at identifying latent profiles of competence development in reading and mathematics amongN= 15,012 German students in upper secondary education sampled in a multi-stage stratified cluster design across German schools. These students were initially assessed in grade 9 and provided competence assessments on three measurement occasions across six years using tests especially developed for the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). Using Latent Growth Mixture Models, Using Latent Growth Mixture Models, we aimed at identifying multiple profiles of competence development. Specifically, we expected to find at least one generalized (i.e., reading and mathematical competence develop similarly) and two specialized profiles (i.e., one of the domains develops faster) of competence development and that these profiles are explained by the specialization of interest and of vocational education of students. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find multiple latent profiles of competence development. The model describing our data best was a single-group latent growth model confirming a competence development profile, which can be described as specializing in mathematical competences, indicating a higher increase in mathematical competences as compared to reading competences in upper secondary school. Since only one latent profile was identified, potential predictors (specialization of vocational education and interest) for different profiles of competence development were not examined.
Dynamically expressed genes provide candidate viability biomarkers in a model coccidian
Authors: Tucker Matthew S. , O’Brien Celia N. , Jenkins Mark C. , Rosenthal Benjamin M.
Published: October 2021

Eimeriaparasites cause enteric disease in livestock and the closely relatedCyclosporacayetanensiscauses human disease. Oocysts of these coccidian parasites undergo maturation (sporulation) before becoming infectious. Here, we assessed transcription in maturing oocysts ofEimeria acervulina, a widespread chicken parasite, predicted gene functions, and determined which of these genes also occur inC.cayetanensis. RNA-Sequencing yielded ~2 billion paired-end reads, 92% of which mapped to theE.acervulinagenome. The ~6,900 annotated genes underwent temporally-coordinated patterns of gene expression. Fifty-three genes each contributed >1,000 transcripts per million (TPM) throughout the study interval, including cation-transporting ATPases, an oocyst wall protein, a palmitoyltransferase, membrane proteins, and hypothetical proteins. These genes were enriched for 285 gene ontology (GO) terms and 13 genes were ascribed to 17 KEGG pathways, defining housekeeping processes and functions important throughout sporulation. Expression differed in mature and immature oocysts for 40% (2,928) of all genes; of these, nearly two-thirds (1,843) increased their expression over time. Eight genes expressed most in immature oocysts, encoding proteins promoting oocyst maturation and development, were assigned to 37 GO terms and 5 KEGG pathways. Fifty-six genes underwent significant upregulation in mature oocysts, each contributing at least 1,000 TPM. Of these, 40 were annotated by 215 GO assignments and 9 were associated with 18 KEGG pathways, encoding products involved in respiration, carbon fixation, energy utilization, invasion, motility, and stress and detoxification responses. Sporulation orchestrates coordinated changes in the expression of many genes, most especially those governing metabolic activity. Establishing the long-term fate of these transcripts in sporulated oocysts and in senescent and deceased oocysts will further elucidate the biology of coccidian development, and may provide tools to assay infectiousness of parasite cohorts. Moreover, because many of these genes have homologues inC.cayetanensis, they may prove useful as biomarkers for risk.
Inner hair cell dysfunction in Klhl18 mutant mice leads to low frequency progressive hearing loss
Authors: Ingham Neil J. , Banafshe Navid , Panganiban Clarisse , Crunden Julia L. , Chen Jing , Lewis Morag A. , Steel Karen P.
Published: October 2021

Age-related hearing loss in humans (presbycusis) typically involves impairment of high frequency sensitivity before becoming progressively more severe at lower frequencies. Pathologies initially affecting lower frequency regions of hearing are less common. Here we describe a progressive, predominantly low-frequency recessive hearing impairment in two mutant mouse lines carrying different mutant alleles of the Klhl18 gene: a spontaneous missense mutation (Klhl18lowf) and a targeted mutation (Klhl18tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi). Both males and females were studied, and the two mutant lines showed similar phenotypes. Threshold for auditory brainstem responses (ABR; a measure of auditory nerve and brainstem neural activity) were normal at 3 weeks old but showed progressive increases from 4 weeks onwards. In contrast, distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) sensitivity and amplitudes (a reflection of cochlear outer hair cell function) remained normal in mutants. Electrophysiological recordings from the round window of Klhl18lowf mutants at 6 weeks old revealed 1) raised compound action potential thresholds that were similar to ABR thresholds, 2) cochlear microphonic potentials that were normal compared with wildtype and heterozygous control mice and 3) summating potentials that were reduced in amplitude compared to control mice. Scanning electron microscopy showed that Klhl18lowf mutant mice had abnormally tapering of the tips of inner hair cell stereocilia in the apical half of the cochlea while their synapses appeared normal. These results suggest that Klhl18 is necessary to maintain inner hair cell stereocilia and normal inner hair cell function at low frequencies.
A new phenothiazine derivate is active against Clostridioides difficile and shows low cytotoxicity
Authors: Ronco Troels , Aragao Francisca Maria , Saaby Lasse , Christensen Jørn B. , Permin Anders , Williams Andrew R. , Thamsborg Stig M. , Olsen Rikke H.
Published: October 2021

The rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance in Clostridioides difficile and the consequent effects on prevention and treatment of C. difficile infections (CDIs) are matters of concern for public health. Thioridazine, a compound belonging to the phenothiazine group, has previous shown antimicrobial activity against C. difficile. The purpose of this present study was to investigate the potential of a novel phenothiazine derivative, JBC 1847, as an oral antimicrobial for treatment of intestinal pathogens and CDIs. The minimal inhibition concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of JBC 1847 against C. difficile ATCC 43255 were determined 4 μg/mL and high tolerance after oral administration in mice was observed (up to 100 mg/kg bodyweight). Pharmacokinetic modeling was conducted in silico using GastroPlusTM, predicting low (< 10%) systemic uptake after oral exposure and corresponding low Cmax in plasma. Impact on the intestinal bacterial composition after four days of treatment was determined by 16s rRNA MiSeq sequencing and revealed only minor impact on the microbiota in non-clinically affected mice, and there was no difference between colony-forming unit (CFU)/gram fecal material between JBC 1847 and placebo treated mice. The cytotoxicity of the compound was assessed in Caco-2 cell-line assays, in which indication of toxicity was not observed in concentrations up to seven times the minimal bactericidal concentration. In conclusion, the novel phenothiazine derivative demonstrated high antimicrobial activity against C. difficile, had low predicted gastrointestinal absorption, low intestinal (in vitro) cytotoxicity, and only induced minor changes of the healthy microbiota, altogether supporting that JBC 1847 could represent a novel antimicrobial candidate. The clinical importance hereof calls for future experimental studies in CDI models.
Socialismo y libertad. El europeísmo español del exilio entre la “tercera vía” y la Guerra Fría (1940-1950)
Authors: Glondys Olga
Published: October 2021

Nuestro objetivo es replantear el lugar que deben ocupar las iniciativas de los exiliados españoles en nuestra aprehensión del movimiento europeísta. Expatriados antifascistas y antiestalinistas, con el apoyo de las redes intelectuales y políticas de carácter transatlántico, pusieron en los años cuarenta los fundamentos de un movimiento de vindicación del federalismo y de la unificación de Europa. El análisis de documentos inéditos permite aproximarse a esa dimensión esencialmente informal de la construcción europea. Abordaremos así las iniciativas emprendidas por algunos exiliados en México en colaboración con intelectuales de izquierdas afincados en Nueva York (1940-1945); los esfuerzos por establecer una “tercera vía”, independiente de las dos superpotencias y anclada en la fusión de socialismo y libertad (1945-1947); y la lenta transformación de dichas iniciativas en un proyecto más transversal y plural, abierto a la colaboración con otros movimientos europeístas (1948-1950).
¿Nevar o no nevar? Llenar el pozo de la nieve como proxy data climático en Burgos (1651-1810)
Authors: Sanz de la Higuera Francisco José Alejandro
Published: October 2021

El llenado del pozo de la nieve, año tras año ‒ya fuera con la materia prima recogida en la propia ciudad o con la traída de las «neveras» de las sierras cercanas‒, posibilitaba a los obligados de dicho abasto ofertar, de forma sostenida, aloja y bebidas frías a la población y mantener la calidad de sus negocios. Empero también nos permite, como historiadores, evaluar cuándo nevaba y cuándo no y en qué manera ello es indicio diagnóstico del devenir climatológico de la Pequeña Edad de Hielo y de los Mínimos ‒Maunder o Dalton‒ y sus fenómenos asociados. El análisis meteorológico facilita una reconstrucción de los períodos de frialdades o de aquellos en los que hubo mayor suavidad en las temperaturas.
La correspondencia de Carlos III como fuente para el estudio climático (1759-1782)
Authors: Andreu Candela Irene , Mas Galvañ Cayetano
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo analiza la información climática contenida en la correspondencia del monarca Carlos III con tres de sus principales corresponsales italianos: su hermano Felipe de Parma, el ministro napolitano Bernardo Tanucci y el príncipe de San Nicandro. La homogeneidad y la continuidad de los comentarios del rey han permitido crear una serie de casi un cuarto de siglo que contribuye a conocer el comportamiento del clima durante las décadas de 1760 y 1770, coincidentes con el inicio de la Anomalía Maldá. Con el fin de cuantificar y tratar serialmente una información que es de naturaleza subjetiva, se han aplicado y comparado los resultados que ofrecen dos diferentes métodos (sistemas de índices y análisis de contenido).
Orihuela ante los desastres naturales y epidémicos en los tiempos modernos. Rogativas, bendiciones y conjuros frente a la calamidad
Authors: Gil Bautista Rafael
Published: October 2021

La ciudad de Orihuela, frontera meridional del antiguo Reino de Valencia durante la Edad Moderna, se asienta entre la sierra homónima y el cauce del río Segura, aunque su extensísimo alfoz jurisdiccional, fruto de su capitalidad histórica, se prolongaba y prolonga hasta las orillas del Mediterráneo. Precisamente será esa singular ubicación geográfica la que ha determinado desde siempre su devenir histórico. De cómo gestionó las amenazas y catástrofes que ha padecido en los siglos modernos, de su capacidad de resistencia y resiliencia ante las calamidades más diversas (terremotos, pestes, sequías persistentes, inundaciones desastrosas, epidemias de malaria o plagas de langostas) las fuentes históricas nos han dejado cumplida cuenta. Sirva este trabajo para aproximarnos a aquellos desastres y cómo se enfrentaron los oriolanos buscando el apoyo en lo humano y, sobre todo, en lo divino.
«Este país ya no es la Nueva España, aquella que conquistó Cortés»: Meteorología adversa y crisis agrícolas en el Valle de México (1760-1800)
Authors: García Torres Adrián
Published: October 2021

La segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, dentro de la cronología de la Pequeña Edad del Hielo, en México, como en otros territorios, estuvo definida por la inestabilidad atmosférica, puesto que los episodios de sequías y de heladas fueron frecuentes. Con este contexto, en la Ciudad de México se desarrollaron diferentes crisis agrícolas, destacando las de 1771-1772 y 1785-1786. En la presente contribución analizamos los impactos socioeconómicos que la meteorología extrema tuvo en la agricultura, así como las respuestas sociales aplicadas en la capital en los momentos de falta de abasto. Las fuentes utilizadas proceden principalmente de las actas de cabildo civiles y eclesiásticas, apoyadas por la prensa y los diarios, entre otras.
Violencia sexual en Canarias en el siglo XVI: estupro, violación y denuncia falsa
Authors: Lobo Cabrera Manuel
Published: October 2021

La situación de la mujer en Canarias, tras la conquista del archipiélago, continuó con los parámetros europeos y especialmente castellanos. Así, su vida tenía como objetivo la búsqueda de realizarse, como esposa y como madre, que eran los papeles que la sociedad le había asignado, de tal modo que la mujer desde su más tierna infancia conoce la senda que la sociedad le tenía adjudicada. De acuerdo con estos parámetros, vamos a centrarnos en dos aspectos delictivos que se dieron en la sociedad canaria, al igual que en otros lugares de la geografía española y europea, que recaían en víctimas del sexo femenino y que forman parte de lo que conocemos como violencia sexual: el estupro y la violación, lo que viene a demostrar que en los albores del mundo moderno, tal como sucedió en la etapa medieval, diferentes tipos de violencia que acompañaban al deseo se instalaron en el archipiélago canario.
Da produção do ensino ideal à análise das situações comuns em sala de aula. O desenvolvimento de um conceito fundamental na teoria das situações didáticas: a noção de milieu
Authors: Perrin-Glorian Marie-Jeanne
Published: October 2021

No último Congresso Internacional de Educação Matemática, CIEM (ICME, International Congress on Mathematical Education), no verão de 2004, participei de um grupo de discussão (DG10) em um painel no qual os palestrantes foram convidados a apresentar, a partir de suas próprias experiências, exemplos de variantes teóricas que foram tendência ou que tiveram continuidade.
Calculando mentalmente no Ensino Fundamental I: entre brincadeira e ginástica para a construção do raciocínio
Authors: A. Valente Gabriela , Bustamante Kavakama Juliana , Pereira Zilda Maria
Published: October 2021

O ensino da matemática na educação básica é composto de uma grande diversidade de conteúdos que são transmitidos por meio de diferentes metodologias. Em se tratando do ensino fundamental I, a função do professor é construir junto com o aluno predisposição para a aprendizagem de matemática, despertar nas crianças interesse e curiosidades por meio de problematizações e brincadeiras. Neste artigo, trataremos de um conteúdo que é pouco abordado, a saber, o cálculo mental. O cálculo mental está centrado no significado dos cálculos intermediários e facilita a compreensão das regras do cálculo escrito. Partimos da hipótese de que existem diferentes maneiras de calcular e que podemos escolher a melhor para cada situação, utilizando procedimentos originais para se chegar ao resultado. Além disso, advogamos pelos benefícios para a construção do raciocínio que o cálculo mental pode apresentar. Nosso objetivo é identificar sua presença nas salas de aula do primeiro ciclo do Ensino Fundamental, a partir da prática docente, mas também dos livros didáticos. Assim, foram utilizadas diferentes fontes de pesquisa, como a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), no que concerne ao ensino de matemática, textos teóricos, experiências de estágio das autoras, a consulta em livros didáticos de matemática e uma entrevista com um pesquisador e escritor matemático Marcelo Lellis.
Introdução às frações sem simplificações
Authors: Monteiro Takada Paula , Capelossi Luiz Mayra
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, analisamos, com base na Teoria das Situações Didáticas, uma experiência de introdução ao estudo dos números racionais em sua representação fracionária, com uma turma 4o ano do Ensino Fundamental 1, em uma escola privada da cidade de São Paulo. O objetivo era avaliar a viabilidade de apresentar esse conteúdo, sem simplificá-lo, com propostas mais complexas do que as convencionalmente trabalhadas nessa fase. Os alunos foram desafiados a resolver problemas abertos, que demandaram investigações e interações entre os colegas. Nossa hipótese era a de que as atividades simplificadas representavam um obstáculo para a compreensão desse objeto de conhecimento. Como resultado, constatamos em uma avaliação individual que 19 dos 23 alunos se apropriaram do conteúdo abordado.
O papel da explicitação na aprendizagem: uma análise de aula de matemática na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: De Martella Martins Fontes Gabriella
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as interações ocorridas entre estudantes, professora e saber durante uma aula de matemática de uma turma da fase 2.2 do Ciclo 1 da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Ao longo do artigo, apresentamos transcrições de áudio da aula observada e análise da prática pedagógica à luz da Teoria de Situações Didáticas, de Guy Brousseau, e das contribuições de Roland Charnay acerca da resolução de problemas em matemática. É possível notar o papel das intervenções da professora no sentido de auxiliar os estudantes a explicitar o que estão pensando sobre os caminhos possíveis para resolver o problema matemático proposto.
Infância e participação na escola: que sentido as crianças atribuem às regras e normas dessa instituição?
Authors: Firmina Seixas Silva Conceição , Aparecida da Silva Maria
Published: October 2021

As regras escolares são normalmente marcadas por uma rigidez, o que – do ponto de vista geracional e hierárquico – dificulta a participação ativa das crianças. Neste artigo, objetivamos refletir os sentidos que as crianças dão às regras a que estão submetidas na escola, as estratégias que criam para participar do cotidiano escolar e como buscam burlar o que consideram injusto. Partimos de um referencial teórico situado principalmente nos estudos da infância e da análise de um trabalho de campo realizado em uma turma do 5º ano de uma escola pública da Zona Norte da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As crianças, apesar das inúmeras queixas às regras escolares, consideram a importância de algumas para manter a convivência coletiva, e denunciam aquelas que servem unicamente para cercear os seus corpos.
O elogio construtivo docente: contribuições para o desenvolvimento moral de estudantes
Authors: Di Pietro Zambianco Danila , De Oliveira Fidalgo Paulo Duarte Juliana
Published: October 2021

O elogio é comumente utilizado na instituição escolar a partir da concepção de que é sempre positivo e auxilia na autoconfiança e motivação de quem o recebe. O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica de livros e artigos científicos a respeito do tema, com base no referencial teórico da psicologia moral construtivista. De acordo com o material pesquisado, foi possível perceber que, quando feito com linguagem descritiva, o elogio pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento moral de estudantes, favorecendo a construção do autorrespeito e da autonomia. Essa forma de elogiar focaliza esforços, ações e sentimentos, em vez de exigir do estudante um produto final que corresponda às expectativas do julgamento externo.
As contribuições da Comunicação Não-Violenta na construção de um Ambiente Sociomoral
Authors: Bisignano Siqueira Giovana , Nogueira da Cruz Luciana Aparecida
Published: October 2021

Buscou-se artigos que abordassem o tema da Comunicação Não Violenta (CNV), foram selecionados e descritos oito artigos publicados em revistas científicas que destacam as contribuições da CNV. A seleção foi realizada usando-se os descritores “Comunicação não violenta” e “Educação” nas bases de busca. A partir desta pesquisa, evidenciou-se que mesmo havendo número expressivo de artigos sobre o tema, há escassez de produções que apresentem as contribuições da CNV para o desenvolvimento moral ou como promotora de um ambiente sociomoral. Geralmente são apresentados aspectos e resultados positivos obtidos com o uso da CNV em situações de conflitos, mas não encontramos estudos que articulem o uso da CNV com os estudos sobre desenvolvimento moral de Jean Piaget.
Do presencial ao virtual: ações para a continuidade no momento de ruptura
Authors: Mateus Ana Paula , Barbosa Aliberti Larissa Carolina , Da Silva Souza Mariana
Published: October 2021

Neste relato de experiência compartilharemos parte de uma série de ações que tiveram como objetivo a manutenção das atividades escolares no período de isolamento social devido à pandemia da COVID-19. Partiremos da contextualização da escola e do que ocorreu em seu interior – entendido aqui como comunidade e não espaço físico – a partir de março de 2020, especificamente as questões que se apresentaram diante da possibilidade de envio de computadores com acesso à internet para estudantes dos grupos dos quais somos professoras. Pretendemos destacar os caminhos trilhados para construir as primeiras ações e as questões que surgiram nesse processo, entre elas, a relação entre casa, escola e privacidade no cenário de aulas remotas via videoconferência – as aulas on-line.
Psicanálise, educação e subjetividades contemporâneas: articulações
Authors: Maciel Maria Regina
Published: October 2021

O artigo articula psicanálise e educação. Acompanha os inícios desse processo, com Freud, que resultaram na abertura de uma área de interesse, atualmente consolidada. O texto trata também dos novos processos de subjetivação, a fim de pensar propostas de trabalho derivadas desse campo e desenvolvidas nas escolas hoje.
Plano Ceibal e a educação virtual formal no Uruguai
Authors: Delgado Lasa Jorge
Published: October 2021

As primeiras expressões da educação virtual para professoresdo ensino infantil e primário no Uruguai, na esfera formal,datam de 2001. Alguns anos depois, com a implementaçãodo Plano Ceibal (Conectividade Educativa e InformáticaBásica para a Aprendizagem on-line) e a criação doDepartamento de Tecnologia Educacional e Ceibal, iniciaseum processo no qual se diversificam as propostas deformação nessa modalidade e sua abrangência entre osdocentes é ampliada. Esse processo foi favorecido porqueo plano previu a entrega de um laptop gratuito para todosos professores do Conselho de Educação Infantil e Primária,além de garantir acesso à internet nas instituições onde elesexercem suas funções.
Atividades direcionadas para turmas de Educação Infantil: uma experiência estética e filosófica da arte para um aprendizado das “emoções democráticas”
Authors: Merle Amélie Lila
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo propõe analisar o uso da arte e da filosofia em práticas educativas com crianças pequenas. A análise diz respeito a uma atividade específica realizada em duas turmas de Educação Infantil. O corpus é composto por transcrições das falas das crianças e observações feitas nas duas turmas. Como resultado, conclui-se que uma formação ou um ensino que tenha características singulares colabora para o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades das crianças; habilidades tanto intelectuais quanto emocionais.
Management of Fungal Rhinosinusitis – A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Hospital in Kerala
Authors: Thomas Ike , Thomas Tina , Jose Reena Anie , Joseph Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is an increasingly common pathology in chronic rhinosinusitis and is often diagnosed late. The present study intended at analysing and understanding the clinical, pathological, microbiological, radiological characteristics of the disease in a tertiary hospital in Kerala. METHODS Case records of patients with pathologic or microbiologic diagnosis of FRS were retrospectively studied from January 2015 to January 2021, with reference to their demography, clinical presentation, comorbidities, and imaging features. The treatment aspects were also studied. RESULTS A total of 36 patients with pathological or microbiologic evidence of FRS were studied. There were 58 % cases of allergic FRS, 33 % cases of fungal ball and 8.3 % cases of invasive FRS. 58 % of patients were females, 77 % patients had nasal block as their presenting symptom, and 66 % of patients had duration of symptoms between 1-6 months. In radiological imaging, the maxillary sinus was most commonly involved. Treatment was always surgical removal. Allergic FRS (AFRS) needed prolonged topical steroids and invasive FRS needed systemic antifungals. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests the importance of early diagnosis of FRS in all chronic rhinosinusitis patients by a high index of clinical suspicion. Tissue samples from the nose and sinuses should be studied for pathology and microbiology in all suspected cases to reach a diagnosis. Radiological imaging can aid in concluding diagnosis. Surgical options, supported by medical management play a vital role in the effective management of the disease. KEY WORDS Fungal rhinosinusitis, Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, Fungal ball, Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis
A töretlen fejlődés forrásai az interneten - A Google és a piacorientált vállalati kultúra
Authors: Nagy Gábor
Published: October 2021

A szerző dolgozatában a Google vállalat példáján keresztül próbál meg nyomós érveket felsorakoztatni amellett, hogy egy turbulens környezetben tevékenykedő, növekedési és nyereségességi mutatókban egyaránt az élmezőnybe tartozó vállalat esetében miért megfontolandó a piacorientált kultúra vállalaton belüli meghonosítása. Elemzési keretként Kohli és Jaworski 1990-ben megjelent cikkének elméleti modelljét alkalmazta. A modell változóival összhangban a következő tényezők vizsgálatára helyezte a hangsúlyt: piaci intelligencia létrehozása, vállalaton belüli terjesztése, válaszképesség, vállalati részlegek közötti kapcsolatok, a piacorientációnak megfelelő vállalati struktúra, a turbulens környezetben versengő vállalat erőforrás-szükséglete, a piacorientált vállalati kultúra kialakulásának körülményei.
Role of Extended Mesenteric Excision in Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Colitis: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Zhu Yipeng , Qian Wenwei , Huang Liangyu , Xu Yihan , Guo Zhen , Cao Lei , Gong Jianfeng , Coffey J. Calvin , Shen Bo , Li Yi , Zhu Weiming
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:

The mesentery is involved in Crohn's disease. The impact of the extent of mesenteric resection on postoperative disease progression in Crohn's disease remains unconfirmed. This study aimed to determine the association between resection of the mesentery and postoperative outcomes in patients with Crohn's colitis (CC) undergoing colorectal surgery.

METHODS:

Patients with CC who underwent colorectal resection between January 2000 and December 2018 were reviewed, and the data were gathered from a prospectively maintained database. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the extent of mesenteric resection, the extensive mesenteric excision (EME) group and the limited mesenteric excision (LME) group. Outcomes including early postoperative morbidities and surgical recurrence were compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS:

Of the 126 patients included, 60 were in the LME group and 66 in the EME group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in early postsurgical outcomes except the intraoperative blood loss was increased in the LME group (P = 0.002). Patients in the EME group had a longer postoperative surgical recurrence-free survival time when compared with those in the LME group (P = 0.01). LME was an independent predictor of postoperative surgical recurrence (hazard ratio 2.67, 95% confidence interval 1.04–6.85, P = 0.04). This was further confirmed in the subgroup analysis of patients undergoing colorectal resection and anastomosis (hazard ratio 2.83, 95% confidence interval 1.01–7.96, P = 0.048).

DISCUSSION:

In patients undergoing surgery for CC, inclusion of the mesentery is associated with similar short-term outcomes and improved long-term outcomes compared with those seen when the mesentery is retained.
THE USE OF PACEMAKER DIAGNOSTICS FOR SUPPORTING THE ANTICOAGULATION TREATMENT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Korpas David , Tanzerová Michaela
Published: October 2021

In this work, the analysis of data on atrial fibrillation (AF) burden from dual chamber pacemakers is used for supporting the anticoagulation treatment management. The aim is to evaluate the benefit of basic diagnostic functions to support oral anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation. These patients have increased risk of thromboembolism. If patients have an implanted pacemaker, the device’s diagnostic features monitor the frequency and duration of atrial fibrillation episodes. This data can then be used for further decisions. Statistical data processing was performed on a group of 117 patients with an implanted dual chamber pacemaker. From these results, we evaluated the benefits of the algorithms. In the whole group, a trend was observed in increase of the AF burden between the two monitored periods. The increase of AF burden occurred in 17 patients, while the decrease occurred in 6 patients only. Using simple logic functions, the numbers of patients with different binary values of the presence of AF, the presence of oral anticoagulation therapy, the risk CHA2DS2-VASc score and the values of AF burden were determined. Thus, in the whole group of patients, the diagnostic functions of the implanted devices contributed to the change in oral anticoagulation therapy for 24% of patients.
COMPARISON OF END-EXPIRATORY LUNG VOLUME MEASUREMENT BY ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY AND NITROGEN WASHOUT METHOD IN PIGS
Authors: Roubík Karel , Muller Martin
Published: October 2021

End-expiratory lung volume (EELV) can be determined using several methods that allow clinically accurate measurements, but it is difficult to apply these methods to the patient's bedside. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is offered as another method for measuring EELV. The aim of the study is to compare changes in EELV measured by nitrogen washout method with changes of EELV calculated from the change in end-expiratory lung impedance (EELI) measured by EIT and to determine whether changes in EELV calculated from changes in chest impedance can be used as one of the parameters for EIT data analysis and description. The prospective interventional animal study was performed on ten pigs. The animals received total intravenous anesthesia with muscle relaxation. Mechanical lung ventilation was conducted in the volume-controlled mode. 16-electrode EIT system was used for data acquisition. End-expiratory lung volume was measured by a modified nitrogen wash-in/wash-out technique developed by Olegard et al. The study protocol consisted of the baseline phase, two incremental PEEP steps, two decremental PEEP steps and from normal saline i. v. administration. For each animal, a reference frame (baseline frame) was selected from the initial baseline phase and was used for the reconstruction of EIT images and impedance waveforms. For each breath cycle, tidal variation image was calculated as a difference between the end-inspiratory and the previous end-expiratory EIT image. An equivalent end-expiratory volume change (ΔEELVequiv) was calculated from EELI. The values of ΔEELVequiv were compared with reference EELV data measured by a modified nitrogen wash-in/wash-out technique (ΔEELVmeas). The measured and the estimated changes in EELV were statistically compared and correlation between ΔEELVequiv and ΔEELVmeas was calculated. Statistically significant difference between ΔEELVequiv and ΔEELVmeas was observed only in administration of normal saline bolus. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were 0.29 for increase in PEEP, 0.45 for decrease in PEEP and -0.1 during administration of normal saline bolus. The study showed that during changes in PEEP in the porcine model, there was no linear relationship between ΔEELVequiv and ΔEELVmeas. Although there was no linear relationship between ΔEELVequiv and ΔEELVmeas with changes in PEEP, no statistically significant difference was demonstrated between these two methods, which justifies the use of ΔEELVequiv as a parameter suitable for description and evaluation of EIT data.
Visions of Europe in Crisis: Strategic narratives and their alternatives in Russian state and independent media coverage of the 2015-16 ‘Refugee Crisis’
Authors: Tiratsoo Madeleine
Published: October 2021

What stories do states tell about themselves and their neighbours, and how are these narratives challenged? This study takes the case of the European ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015-2016, a period of hostile relations between Russia and the European Union, to examine the vision of Europe disseminated by Russian state-controlled media, and the alternative offered by independent media. It analyses 609 news reports on the ‘refugee crisis’ from state-controlled broadcaster Channel One and 181 news pieces from the independent web-based outlet TV Rain. Adopting the strategic narrative framework proposed by Miskimmon, O’Loughlin and Roselle (2013), this study both provides new detail on the narratives found on Russian state-controlled media, and asks the previously unresearched question: how do independent media outlets react to the dominant narratives seen on state broadcasters? It uses a grounded theory approach to elaborate new findings on the behaviour of independent media. The importance of independent media has traditionally been understood in terms of its ability to hold government to account, but the findings of this study suggest independent media can also act as a watchdog and corrective to state-controlled media. This study thus contributes to the literature on both strategic narratives, and media theory.
Book Review - The Bukharan Crisis: A Connected History of 18th-Century Central Asia
Authors: Zhang Fengfeng
Published: October 2021

The Bukharan Crisis: A Connected History of 18th-Century Central Asia deconstructs the context of Bukharan crisis in the eighteenth century referring to theories on the global history and the connected history other than a myriad of previous assumptions which attribute the fall of the Bukhara Khanate to the isolation and decline of the early modern Central Asia. But through the lens of Scott C. Levi,Central Asia was neither isolated nor in decline, so he further addresses the Bukharan crisis from several different perspectives. On the whole, this book comprises of four chapters and it elaborates the real historical situation and the challenges Bukhara faced in Central Asia’s early modern history around some thematic discussions on the image of Silk Road and the history of the Bukhara Khanate. Levi argues that Central Asia actually became more deeply integrated into the outside world in multiple ways, and it’s far from isolated from the world history.
Constellations of Memory: The Historicity of Hungarian Yizker-Bikher
Authors: Vallo Lujza
Published: October 2021

The following paper reviews Central European memorial volumes created within the borders of modern day Hungary from the 1960s onwards. Using six sporadically chosen primary sources as the subjects of analysis, the argument of this piece will centre around finding out whether memorial volumes or in Yiddish yizker-bikher are reliable testimonial documents based on their historical veracity. The paper argues that the historicity of Eastern European memorial books can range from personal tales of community living, to more accurate historical monographs, aiming to fill out gaps in trans-generational remembrance. The analysis is then divided into four chapters each introducing a relevant perspective when evaluating yizker-bikher: Firstly, it will examine the six memorial books as linguistic sources by showcasing their characteristic narrative techniques. Secondly, the paper will contrast the historical contents covered in the texts with the findings of modern Hungarian Holocaust research. Thirdly, previous academic perspectives categorising yizker-volumes are introduced, leading the paper to a brief conclusion. A final evaluation is conducted to highlight the examined volumes as the sources of microhistory that carry anthropological research potential rather than the ability to provide overarching solutions to the gaps in archival Holocaust history.
Book Review: Being Modern in China
Authors:   Beijing Normal University, Turner David A.
Published: October 2021

Modern in China. By Paul Willis (2020), 196 pages. ISBN: 9781509538300 Cambridge: Polity Press
The Role of Low-cost Private Secondary Schools in Rural Kenya Under the ‘Free Secondary Education Policy’
Authors:   Osaka University, Ogawa Miku
Published: October 2021

This study aims to understand the role of private secondary schools in rural Kenya under the Free Secondary Education Policy. Data were collected from four private schools over two months in 2018 and 2019. All the schools had experienced instability due to low enrolment, particularly after the policy was implemented in 2018. The decline in the schools’ income also affected the quality of education. However, the results suggest that some students prefer to complete their education at private schools as low-expense-boarders or as beneficiaries of fee discounts. Other students choose private schools to avoid overcrowded classrooms and travel far, especially when excluded from public schools. This study argues that despite limited learning resources, private secondary schools in rural Kenya have an important place in the public education system outside of the academic pyramid of public schools.