bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of an Interactive Ebook to Improve Cultural Literacy and Citizenship in Class VIII Junior High School Students
Authors: Titik Haryati  , Suciptaningsih Oktaviani Adhi , Radeni Sukma Indra Dewi  , Novianto Adhi Sucipta
Published: December 2023

Cultural and civic literacy is one of the important literacies for junior high school students to have. The aim of this research is to develop an interactive ebook that can increase cultural and civic literacy in class VIII students. The research method uses the Richey and Klein model, namely Research, Design, Production and Evaluation. The participants in this research consisted of seven students and one class VIII teacher at CLC SMPT Lumadan Beaufort, Sabah, Malaysia. The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The research results show that based on the results of the media validator and ebook material validator it is very valid to be used as a learning medium. Based on the results of the pretest and posttest, there was an increase in students' cultural and civic literacy results. This proves that the interactive ebook created is effective and efficient. Effective because it can increase cultural literacy and citizenship in class VIII students significantly and efficiently because it does not require a long time in the improvement process, namely within one month after using the product in classroom learning.
Boletín de Noticias "Entre Patologos" de Alconpat Internacional (V5N3, 2023)
Authors:   Alconpat Internacional, Fuchs Hernández Humberto , Zozaya Ortíz Alexia Xiomara ,   Alconpat Internacional, Castro Borges Pedro ,   Alconpat Internacional
Published: December 2023

"Es un placer presentarles el tercer número del Volumen 5 de nuestro boletín. En este fascinante viaje por el área de la construcción y sus ramas, destacamos momentos inolvidables de CONPAT 2023 y la renovación en la Junta Directiva de Alconpat Internacional. No se pierdan la emocionante ceremonia de premiación 2023 y la formalización del convenio con MC Bauchemie. Además, celebramos los éxitos de Alconpat en Argentina, Brasil, Guatemala, Paraguay y Venezuela. En la sección “en opinión de”, Pedro Castro comparte sus reflexiones acerca de la Revista Alconpat. En este número también recordamos con cariño a José Calavera Ruiz y María Ysabel Dikdan. Descubran eventos destacados y novedades de RILEM, junto con un cálido mensaje navideño para cerrar el año. ¡Esperamos que disfruten de esta edición!"
Residual strength of a high-strength concrete subjected to triaxial prestress
Authors: Vankirk George , Frank Andreas , Roth Michael , Williams Brett , Heard William
Published: January 2024

This study investigates simplified mechanical loading paths that represent more complex loading paths observed during penetration using a triaxial chamber and a high-strength concrete. The objective was to determine the effects that stress-strain (load) paths have on the material’s unconfined compressive (UC) residual strength. The loading paths included hydrostatic compression (HC), uniaxial strain in compression (UX), and uniaxial strain load biaxial strain unload (UXBX). The experiments indicated that the load paths associated with nonvisible microstructural damage were HC and UX—which produced minimal impact on the residual UC strength (less than 30%)—while the load path associated with visible macro-structural damage was UXBX, which significantly reduced the UC strength (greater than 90%). The simplified loading paths were also investigated using a material model driver code that was fitted to a widely used Department of Defense material model. Virtual experiment data revealed that the investigated material model overestimated material damage and produced poor results when compared to experimental data.
Machine learning approach in diagnosis and risk factors detection of pancreatic fistula
Authors: Potievskiy Mikhail Borisovich , Petrov Leonid Olegovich , Ivanov Sergei Anatolyevich , Sokolov Pavel Viktorovich , Trifanov Vladimir Sergeevich , Moshurov Ruslan Ivanovich , Shegai Petr Viktorovich , Kaprin Andrei Dmitrievich
Published: January 2024

Purpose. The aim of the study is to develop a predictive ML model of development of postoperative pancreatic and to detect the main risk factors of the complications.
Methods. We performed a single-centre retrospective clinical study. 150 patients, who underwent pancreatoduodenal resection in FSBI NMRRC, were included in the study. We developed ML models, basing on the pre- and intraoperative data and the 3-5 postoperative days data. Binary model classes were no fistula and biochemical leak or fistula B/C. 3-dimentional model distinguished no fistula, biochemical leak and fistula B/C. Logistic regression, Random forest and CatBoost algorithms were employed. The risk factor were evaluated basing on the most accurate model, roc auc, and Kendall correlation, p<0.05.
Results. We detected significant positive correlation of blood and drain amylase level increase in association with biochemical leak and pancreatic fistula B/C. Catboost algorithm was detected as the most accurate, roc auc 74%-86%. Risk factors were evaluated with model parameter “importance”. Binary model, roc auc 71%, detected the main risk factors of all the fistulas on the first postoperative day: tumor vascular invasion, age and BMI. Risk factors of fistula B/C were BMI, age, tumor size and vascular invasion, the 3-dimensional model roc auc 70%. Basing on the 3-5 days data, binary model risk factors were blood and drain amylase levels, blood leukocytes, roc auc 86%. Fistula B/C risk factors were the same, the 3-dimensional model roc auc 75%. BMI and age were also important.
Conclusion. We developed sufficient quality ML models of postoperative pancreatic fistulas. Blood and drain amylase level increase were the major risk factors of further fistula B/C development. Young age and high tumor size were common factors of fistulas development.
Host Range and Phylogeny of Cuscuta Campestris Yunck With Newly Added Members From the Poaceae Family in Türkiye
Authors: ŞİN Bahadır , öztürk lerzan , KADIOGLU İzzet
Published: January 2024

Field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck) is an annual parasitic plant that wraps around the host plant and attaches to haustoria. The dodder attachment occurred rarely in the Poaceae family, and there are limited cases worldwide. During an extensive survey in Thrace, Türkiye, to determine the distribution of C. campestris Yunck, the dodder was found attached to monocotyledon plants, including Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Alopecurus myosuroides Huds, Avena fatua L., Avena sterilis L., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn, Echinocloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv, Bromus tectorum L., Hordeum murinum L., Elymus repens (L.) Gould, and Lolium perenne L. The crop plants attached by dodder include Secale cereale L. and Triticum aestivum L. The parasite’s damage was visible in Echinocloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv, and Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. For molecular analysis, dodder DNA was extracted by the CTAP method. PCR was performed, and the PCR product was sequenced. The similarity in the sequence was compared with Blast records of other countries, and our local population showed higher similarity with 100 hits. Neighbour-joining was performed on Mega X software, comparing 30 different sequences, and the phylogenetic tree was generated. Compared with C. campestris accessions KJ400050 and EU883527 in GENBANK, the Thrace population showed 99% identity.
First Report of Hybrid Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Using the Hugo™ RAS System
Authors: KOMATSU HIROAKI , Sawada Mayumi , Iida Yuki , Wada Ikumi , Azuma Yukihiro , Kudoh Akiko , Sato Shinya , Harada Tasuku , Taniguchi Fuminori
Published: January 2024

Hybrid total laparoscopic hysterectomy combines conventional laparoscopic surgery and robot-assisted devices. During hybrid total laparoscopic hysterectomy, the camera and assistant forceps are operated by a robotic device, whereas the surgeon performs human procedures using a laparoscope. This enables surgery with a completely fixed field of view, thus significantly reducing errors in forceps grasping and needle misalignment. We created and implemented a new use for the Hugo™ robot-assisted surgery system, which consists of independent arms. This new technique involving new equipment can improve surgeon training and performance. We will continue to develop new techniques that can further improve surgical performance.
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) pediatric resident training course: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Bianco Manuela Lo , Presti Santiago , Finocchiaro Maria Carla , Trobia Gian Luca , Sciacca Tiziana Virginia , Cucuzza Maria Elena , Caudullo Elia , Calcara Giacomo , Ruggieri Martino , Stefano Vita Antonella Di
Published: January 2024

Background:Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is becoming increasingly crucial in the Pediatric Emergency Department for objective patient examination. However, despite its growing interest and wide-ranging applications, POCUS remains relatively unexplored in general pediatric training and education. Many physicians still find it challenging to comprehend and implement.
Methods:a theoretical-practical POCUS course for pediatric residents was conducted at the University of Catania, Italy. The course's effectiveness and practical impact on residents was assessed through a pre-post training survey. The first part of the questionnaire focused on the self-perceived time needed to learn how to recognize the following conditions using POCUS: i) Pleural effusion ii) Lung consolidation iii) Pneumothorax (PNX) iv) Cardiac contractility v) Pericardial effusion vi) Perisplenic effusion vii) Morison’s pouch effusion viii) Douglas' pouch effusion ix) Filling and collapsibility of the inferior vena cava. In the second part, we compared the potential role of POCUS in i) Reducing the use of ionizing radiation in children ii) Increasing the sense of security in diagnosis and treatment decisions making and iii) Increasing the residents' confidence level with POCUS after the course on a 1-to-10 rating scale.
Results:seventy-two residents participated in the study. The statistical analysis showed significant pre-post differences in almost all the items considered, except for "cardiac contractility" and "PNX".Furthermore, the perceived potential role of POCUS in reducing ionizing radiation usage and the sense of security in diagnosis and treatment decisions showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) before and after the course. Data analysis also revealed a consistently high confidence level with POCUS after the course.
Conclusions:the results highlight the importance of including a POCUS track course in pediatric post-graduate programs due to its simplicity, rapid learning time, and clinical usefulness. Based on these findings, it would be recommended to increase the teaching hours dedicated to the recognition of pneumothorax and cardiology POCUS examination. Emphasizing POCUS training in pediatric education can enhance patient care and diagnostic accuracy while minimizing radiation exposure.
Clinical significance of increased levels of endogenous Muse cells in the myocardium of patients with fulminant myocarditis
Authors: Toyoda Shigeru , Sakuma Masashi , Ishida Kazuyuki , Kushida Yoshihiro , Soma Ryoichi , Takayama Hidehito , Akimoto Kazumi , Dezawa Mari , Inoue Teruo
Published: January 2024

Background: The significance of Muse cells, stress-tolerant endogenous pluripotent-like reparative stem cells involved in tissue repair, in acute myocarditis has not been evaluated.
Methods: Muse (SSEA-3+) cells/area were counted in biopsied myocardial tissue samples from 17 patients with fulminant myocarditis (51±19 years) and 6 with non-inflammatory myocardial disease (69±5 years, control). Patients were segregated according to clinically and histopathologically relevant items, and further segregated by median values of echocardiographic parameters and biomarkers in acute and recovery phases for stratification into Yes/No groups. Categorical variables with binary values were assigned Yes or No and continuous variables were stratified based on the median value (values indicating more critical status or poorer recovery assigned to the Yes group).
Results: Compared with controls, patients with fulminant myocarditis had significantly more Muse cells (P=0.00042). Patients with mechanical circulatory support (P=0.006), myocardial degeneration (P=0.023), and an acute-phase creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) level >71 U/L, indicating more critical status, had significantly more Muse cells (P=0.008). Patients with a higher acute/recovery phase ratio (indicator of recovery) of CK-MB <15.2 and cardiac troponin I <207.9, indicating poorer recovery, had significantly fewer Muse cells than patients that did not (better recovery; P=0.008 and =0.033, respectively). Patients with a C-reactive protein (CRP) level >0.10 mg/dL during recovery had a lower Muse cell number than patients with CRP <0.10 (P=0.046).
Conclusions: Muse cell number in acute phase myocardium biopsy specimens correlated with the severity of clinical features in the acute phase and the recovery from myocardial damage in the chronic phase. Myocardial biopsy combined with Muse cell detection by anti-SSEA-3 staining might be useful for evaluating disease severity and predicting treatment responsiveness in fulminant myocarditis.
A Burden of Rare Copy Number Variants in
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Halvorsen Matthew , de Schipper Elles , Boberg Julia , Strom Nora , Hagen Kristen , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin , Karlsson Elinor , Pedersen Nancy , Bulik Cynthia , Fundín Bengt , Landén Mikael , Kvale Gerd , Hansen Bjarne , Haavik Jan , Mattheisen Manuel , Rück Christian , Mataix-Cols David , Crowley James
Published: January 2024

Current genetic research on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) supports contributions to risk specifically from common single nucleotide variants (SNVs), along with rare coding SNVs and small insertion-deletions (indels). The contribution to OCD risk from large, rare copy number variants (CNVs), however, has not been formally assessed at a similar scale. Here we describe an analysis of rare CNVs called from genotype array data in 2,248 deeply phenotyped OCD cases and 3,608 unaffected controls from Sweden and Norway. We found that in general cases carry an elevated burden of large (>30kb, at least 15 probes) CNVs (OR=1.12, P=1.77x10-3). The excess rate of these CNVs in cases versus controls was around 0.07 (95% CI 0.02-0.11, P=2.58x10-3). This signal was largely driven by CNVs overlapping protein-coding regions (OR=1.19, P=3.08x10-4), particularly deletions impacting loss-of-function intolerant genes (pLI>0.995, OR=4.12, P=2.54x10-5). We did not identify any specific locus where CNV burden was associated with OCD case status at genome-wide significance, but we noted non-random recurrence of CNV deletions in cases (permutation P = 2.60x10-3). In cases where sufficient clinical data were available (n=1612) we found that carriers of neurodevelopmental duplications were more likely to have comorbid autism (P<0.001), and that carriers of deletions overlapping neurodevelopmental genes had lower treatment response (P=0.02). The results demonstrate a contribution of large, rare CNVs to OCD risk, and suggest that studies of rare coding variation in OCD would have increased power to identify risk genes if this class of variation were incorporated into formal tests.
Unraveling Organoboron/Nickel Ion-Pair Interactions via Benchtop-Stable Carbyl Iminopyridyl NiII Complexes for Olefin Polymerization
Authors: Harth Eva , Rauf Hasaan , Liu Yu-Sheng , Solanki Surya Pratap , Deydier Eric , Poli Rinaldo , Grabow Lars
Published: January 2024

While current research on Ni-catalyzed olefin polymerization predominantly focuses on ligand design, ion-pair interactions remain largely unexplored. We report the development of air-stable carbyl iminopyridyl NiII precatalysts to enable an investigation of inner- and outersphere Ni ion-pairs. The use of innersphere organoboron counterions allows the Ni complexes to access higher molecular weight homo/co-polymers and regulate the density and distribution of polyethylene branches. Moreover, implementing a phenyl group on the tether carbon functioned as a rotational barrier, producing higher molecular weight polymers compared to methylsubstituted analogs. A controlled incorporation of shortchain branches was achieved under high ethylene pressure, circumventing the need for elaborate ligand design, low monomer pressures, and the copolymerization with α-olefins. DFT calculations further elucidated the ion-pair interactions and controlled chain-walking mechanism. Here, we provide a new perspective to manipulate the iminopyridyl NiII system leveraging both ion-pair interactions and ligand design to govern polyolefin molecular weights and microstructures.
Retinal degeneration protein 3 mutants are associated with cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis
Authors: Bräuer Anja , Hausmann Jens , Zimmermann Benjamin , Chen Yaoyu , Helgers Simeon , Dömer Patrick , Woitzik Johannes , Raap Ulrike , Gray Natalie , Büttner Andreas , Koch Karl-Wilhelm
Published: January 2024

Retinal degeneration protein 3 (RD3) plays a crucial role in controlling guanylate cyclase activity in photoreceptor rod and cone cells, and mediates trafficking processes within photoreceptor cells. Loss of RD3 function correlates with severe forms of retinal dystrophy and the development of aggressive neuroblastoma cancer. In the present study, we analysed RD3 expression by applying a data-mining approach using public databases. In addition, we performed an RD3 transcript analysis on specimens of glioma tissues from patients. We found that RD3 is downregulated in glioblastoma compared to non-tumor tissues. Low expression of RD3 in gliomas was also associated with a poor prognosis of survival rate. Applying a multi-cohort receiver operating characteristic test, we verified significant changes in RD3 expression in glioblastomas, indicating a potential use of RD3 in glioblastoma diagnosis. The apparent influence of RD3 on cell viability or on cell cycle progression we examined by overexpressing RD3 in a cell culture system. Wild-type RD3 significantly decreased cell viability, which subsequently led to cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced cell apoptosis. Conversely, single-point mutations in RD3 at the exposed protein surface involved in RD3 target interaction diminished the impact of RD3 wild type, thereby showing its specificity. Therefore, expression of wild type RD3 might prevent tumor progression by facilitating the death of cancer cells or arresting the cell cycle in a developing tumor. Our findings further suggest that RD3 is a potential prognostic factor in glioblastoma.
Clinical observation of the formation of fat particles and fat liquefaction in a CIED pocket: A case report
Authors: Guan Aili , He Tao , Huang Xingang , Xu Wenliang , Shao Yibing , Chen Xueying
Published: January 2024

Background The number of implanted cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has increased significantly in recent years, which has led to an upsurge in CIED complications, such as infection and lead malfunction requiring CIED extraction. Few cases of fat liquefaction and fat particles in the CIED pocket have been reported. And no pathological diagnosis was found.Case presentation A 71-year-old Chinese woman presented with Pacemaker failure and asthma. Fat liquefaction and fat particles in the pacemaker pocket were found during the replacement procedure. The patient had no symptoms and no signs of infection or other discomfort of the heart and pacemaker pocket. Thick yellow liquid was seen to flow out of the pacemaker pocket when the pocket was opened, and many fat particles were found adhering to the wall of the pacemaker pocket during the pacemaker replacement procedure. Fat and fibrillar connective tissue with a few inflammatory cells, local tissue degeneration and necrosis were shown on immunohistochemical staining and no bacterial growth including anaerobic bacteria was observed. No redness, swelling, fever, or wound pain were observed during the nine-month follow-up period.Conclusion The presence of fat liquefaction and fat particles in a CIED pocket may be related to the necrosis of fat cells.
An adaptation of the goggles experiment for dogs: Evidence that dogs are unable to use their own experience to infer a human’s visual perspective
Authors: West-Brownbill Amy , Proops Leanne , Herrmann Esther , Kaminski Juliane
Published: January 2024

Dogs have strong bonds with humans but the extent to which they can take our perspective into account is still in question. This study adapts the goggles experiment methodology to investigate if domestic dogs engage in level 2 perspective taking. The dogs not only have to understand when the human individual’s line of sight is blocked (level 1 perspective taking), but have to infer the other individual’s visual experience based on their own previous experience. A competitive context of food stealing is used. Dogs (N = 24) first gained experience with two compartments, learning that food was accessible from one end while the other end had either a transparent or opaque lid. When stealing the food, dogs were visible to the human only through the transparent lid. In the test, dogs experienced two conditions: where both compartments were baited and a human either remained in the room (social condition) or left the room (non-social condition). Three factors were observed: (i) whether the dog took the food, (ii) the compartment the dog stole from, and (iii) latency to steal. The findings revealed that dogs didn't exhibit a preference for stealing from the concealed side, demonstrating that dogs don't consider the human's perspective when selecting which food to steal. However, in the social condition more dogs refrained from stealing, demonstrating sensitivity to the scenario’s competitive nature. It’s possible that the setting was overall too challenging and future research should look for alternative procedures to address the question of dogs’ understanding of a human’s perspective.
High Energy X-ray Source Characterization at 0.450, 3, 6, 9, and 15 MVp
Authors: Hellmann David , Liesenfelt Michael , Hayward Jason P.
Published: January 2024

As the availability and importance of high energy X-ray sources grows, accurate source characterizations provide critical information for field flatness corrections, beam hardening corrections, detector response corrections, and radiation shielding assessments. This study uses MCNP6.2 to create accurate high definition angular and energy dependent X-ray source definitions for the most common high energy industrial X-ray sources at 450 kVp, 3 MVp, 6 MVp, 9 MVp, and 15 MVp.
Integrating post-hospital care by digital counseling tools: A non-randomized proof-of-concept study
Authors: Röglin Julia , Nitschke Johanna , Kleemann Tobias , Ortmann Steffen
Published: January 2024

Background
The duration of stays in hospitals have decreased by almost 50% to an average of 7.2 days in 2021 compared to 1992 whilst reliance on internet-based health information has increased. This trend raises concerns about potential misinterpretations and the need for enhanced post-hospital support.
Methods
This proof-of-concept study established a chat-based recovery counseling service providing nursing expertise and digital counseling options to patients within 7 days after discharge from hospital. Therefore, real nursing professionals where available to respond to patient queries and questions. A chatbot assisted the counselor by suggesting potential responses based on the patient's questions. This chatbot was trained using the expertise of nursing professionals. The study aimed to assess patients' acceptance, nursing professionals' commitment, and patients' willingness to contribute chat interactions and chat content for further research and tool developments. Surveys and interviews were conducted with recovery counselors to explore their attitudes towards digitalization, self-assessed digital competencies, and potential changes to the service structure.
Results
Within one year, 247 patients across five stations (surgery, oncology, and orthopedics) were introduced to the digital recovery counseling service. Several patients declined to participate in the study, with the main reason for refusal voluntarily given by patients being the lack of a PC in the household (68.86%). Patients in the 51–70 age group showed the highest positive responses. Out of the consenting patients, all but one agreed to donate their chat history, and 21 of the participants registered on the platform. Neurosurgery patients exhibited the highest interest, while oncology patients had limited interest due to pre-existing information. Recovery counselors reported varying degrees of improved digital competencies. The chatbot presented challenges for uniform training across specialties due to its limited dataset, emphasizing the need for a broader question set for comprehensive training.
Conclusions
The study shows patients acceptance for digital counselling via chat, emphasizing also nursing staff's readiness for digital expansion. Integrating digital training is vital to overcome initial doubts. Patients willingly donate data with clear information, showcasing the chatbot's potential as a nursing expert system. Expanding chat-based nurse counselling may enhance post-inpatient advice, necessitating future considerations for broader deployment.
Agreement of point of care ultrasound and final clinical diagnosis in patients with acute decompensated heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, and shock: POCUS not missing the target
Authors: Ramos José Atilio Núñez , Misol Dagoberto Duarte , Petro María Andrea Burgos , Pérez Keren Jemima Sarmiento , Echeverry Vanesa Paola Gutiérrez , Velasco-Malagón Sergio
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Point-of-Care ultrasound (POCUS) is an important tool for clinical diagnosis and decision-making in critical and non-critical scenarios. Dyspnea, chest pain and shock are conditions valuable to evaluate with ultrasound considering diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact already proven. There is scarce evidence in diagnosis agreement using ultrasound as an extension of physical examination. We aimed to evaluate ED patients in whom POCUS was performed, to analyze agreement between clinical initial diagnosis using ultrasound images and final diagnosis. Furthermore, we analyze failed diagnosis, inconclusive POCUS exams and discuss details.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in adults who visited the emergency department with any of these three chief complaints: dyspnea, chest pain, shock. All were evaluated with ultrasound at admission. Agreement between initial diagnosis using POCUS and final definite diagnosis was calculated. Failed diagnosis and inconclusive exams were analyzed.
Results: A total of 209 patients were analyzed. Populations mostly males, mean age 64yo, hypertensive. Patients with dyspnea, agreement in heart failure diagnosis was 0.98; agreement in chest pain with non-ST acute coronary syndrome was 0.96; agreement in type of shock was 0.90. Twelve 12 (5%) patients had an inconclusive POCUS exam, and 16 (7%) patients had a failed diagnosis.
Conclusion: The use POCUS in the emergency department shows almost perfect agreement when compared with the final diagnosis in individuals experiencing acutely decompensated heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and shock. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the impact of this tool on mortality and prognosis when there are diagnostic errors.
Immunological sub-phenotypes and response to Convalescent Plasma in COVID-19 induced ARDS: a secondary analysis of the CONFIDENT trial.
Authors: Misset Benoit , Diep Anh Nguyet , Bertrand Axelle , Piagnerelli Michael , Hoste Eric , Michaux Isabelle , De Waele Elisabeth , Dumoulin Alexander , Jorens Philippe G , Hauwaert Emmanuel van der , Vallot Frédéric , Swinnen Walter , De Schryver Nicolas , de Mey Nathalie , Layios Nathalie , Mesland Jean-Baptiste , Robinet Sébastien , Cavalier Etienne , Donneau Anne-Françoise , Moutschen Michel , Laterre Pierre-François
Published: January 2024

Background
Convalescent Plasma (CP) reduced the mortality in COVID-19 induced ARDS (C-ARDS) patients treated in the CONFIDENT trial. As patients are immunologically heterogeneous, we hypothesized that clusters may differ in their treatment responses to CP.
Methods
We measured 20 cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion markers using a multiplex technique at the time of inclusion in the CONFIDENT trial in patients of centers having accepted to participate in this secondary study. We performed descriptive statistics, unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis, and examined the association between the clusters and CP effect on day-28 mortality.
Results
Of the 475 patients included in CONFIDENT, 391 (82%) were sampled, and 196/391 (50.1%) had been assigned to CP. We identified four sub-phenotypes representing 89 (22.8%), 178 (45.5%), 38 (9.7%), and 86 (22.0%) patients. The most contributing biomarkers in the principal component analysis were IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-6, IFN-α, IL-17A, IFN-γ, IL-13, TFN-α, total IgG, and CXCL10. Sub-phenotype-1 displayed a lower immune response, sub-phenotype-2 a higher adaptive response, subphenotype-3 the highest innate antiviral, pro and anti-inflammatory response, and adhesion molecule activation, and sub-phenotype-4 a higher pro and anti-inflammatory response, migration protein and adhesion molecule activation. Sub-phenotype-2 and sub-phenotype-4 had higher severity at the time of inclusion. The effect of CP treatment on mortality appeared higher than standard care in each sub-phenotype, without heterogeneity between sub-phenotypes (p = 0.97).
Conclusion
In patients with C-ARDS, we identified 4 sub-phenotypes based on their immune response. These sub-phenotypes were associated with different clinical profiles. The response to CP was similar across the 4 sub-phenotypes.
Correlation between types of Ventricular Septal Defect and chromosomal abnormalities in Low-Risk Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
Authors: Zhao Xiaomin , Shen Yongmei , Kong Dexuan , Li Wen , Yao Liying , Li Shanshan , Chang Ying
Published: January 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine whether there is any association between various types of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and chromosomal abnormalities in the low-risk environment of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and to evaluate the prognosis of fetuses with different types of VSD.
Methods
From May 2017 to May 2022, Tianjin Central Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital collected cases of prenatal diagnosis of fetal VSD by amniocentesis. Those with NIPT high-risk, such as chromosomal number abnormalities, fragment deletions or duplications, and polymorphisms, were excluded from the study. Data collected included ultrasound classification of VSD, prenatal NIPT results, copy number variations (CNVs) results, and neonatal outcomes.
Results
This study investigated the prevalence of pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) in 74 cases, including 45 isolated ventricular septal defects (VSDs) (9 of which were muscular and 36 non-muscular) and 29 non-isolated VSDs (10 with intracardiac and 19 with extra-cardiac structural anomalies). Results revealed that the incidence of pathogenic CNVs was lower in isolated VSDs than in non-isolated VSDs in a low-risk NIPT condition (χ2 = 9.344, P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of pathogenic CNV between VSDs with intracardiac and extra-cardiac structural anomalies (P = 0.541). Moreover, VSDs associated with intracardiac structural anomalies had the highest rate of surgical intervention.
Conclusions
When NIPT is low-risk and VSD is isolated, the likelihood of fetal chromosomal defects is not increased. However, when there are both intra- and extracardiac structural issues in addition to VSD, the possibility of pathogenic CNV is considerably greater and therefore, invasive prenatal diagnosis is recommended. It was additionally noted that isolated muscular septal defects usually do not require surgery, which can be used as a basis for prenatal counseling regarding fetal VSD.
Stabilization of unusual platinum(III) valence state through the iodide-bridged three-center four-electron bonding
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Tanaka Hisaaki , Takaishi Shinya , Yamashita Masahiro
Published: January 2024

One of the goals in synthetic chemistry is to obtain compounds featuring unusual valence states that are stable under ambient conditions. At present, stabilizing unusual Pt(III) states is considered difficult, except through direct Pt–Pt bonding such as that in platinum-blues or organometallization using bulky ligands. Pt(III) stabilization is also very difficult in halogen-bridged metal complex chains (MX-Chains). Herein, the iodide-bridged Pt(III) dimer compound [Pt2(en)4I3]I3 (3) (en = ethylenediamine), which is prepared by iodine oxidation of [PtII(en)2] (1), has been successfully synthesized and characterized. This compound is stable and is obtained as diamond-shaped single crystals with a lustrous emerald-green color under reflected light and a red color under transmitted light. The two Pt centers are crystallographically equivalent and can be assigned as Pt(III). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Pt(III) state is stabilized by the three-center four-electron (3c-4e) bonding in the Pt–I–Pt core (dz2–pz–dz2), in addition to the very strong antiferromagnetic state. This type of bonding stabilization does not appear in MX-Chains. The experimental polarized reflection spectra show the Pt(III) state character and are in agreement with the simulated spectra. The stabilization of Pt(III) through a 3c-4e bonding mechanism is novel; thus, this work provides new insight for stabilizing the unusual Pt(III) state.
Early Surgical Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot Patients Following Primary Intracardiac Repair at Uganda Heart Institute
Authors: Khainza Rebecca Esther , Oketcho Michael , Aliku Twalib , Namuyonga Judith , Ndagire Emma , Mwambu Tom , Muhoozi Rwakaryebe Mbagga , Obongnyinge Bernard , Tumwebaze Hilda , Mbabazi Nestor , Akech Teddy , Nakato Aisha , Killen Angelline , Ofumbi Geoffrey Oburu , Lwabi Peter , Omagino John , Lubega Sulaiman
Published: January 2024

Background
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the commonest form of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) worldwide and accounts for 7% of CHD in Uganda. Without surgery, the natural history is nearly always fatal in the long term.
Surgery is recommended in infancy to avoid complications of chronic cyanosis and right sided heart failure. In developing countries like Uganda, surgery is usually delayed due several challenges.
Objective
This study was to determine the early surgical outcomes of TOF patients following primary intracardiac repair at Uganda Heart Institute (UHI) and identify factors associated with these surgical outcomes.
Methodology
This was a retrospective chart review of primary TOF repair patients at UHI between February 2012 and October 2022. The patient’s outcomes were reviewed from the time of surgery until 30 days in the post operative period.
Results
A total of 104 patients underwent primary TOF repair at UHI, records of 88 patients (84.6%) were available for review. Males accounted for 48.9% (n=43) of the cases. The median age at the time of operation was 4 years (interquartile range 5.46 years), age range of 9 months to 16years.
Children with phenotypic syndromes accounted for 5.7% (n=5), 2 with Down’s and 2 Noonan’s syndromes, followed by 1with Di George syndrome.
Early post operative outcomes included residual ventricular septal defects (VSDs) 39.8% (35/88), right ventricular (RV) dysfunction 37.5% (33/88), residual pulmonary regurgitation 30.7% (27/88), residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) 30.0% (27/88), pleural effusion 27.3% (24/88), arrhythmias 27.3% (24/88), left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction 10.2% (9/88).
Overall, 7 children (8%) died in the first 30 days and were all operated on after the age of one year.
At multivariate analysis mortality was associated significantly with prolonged mechanical ventilation time post procedure.
Conclusion
The commonest post operative outcomes were residual ventricular septal defects and RV failure. Our 30-day mortality following TOF repair was 8 %. Prolonged mechanical ventilation time was associated with mortality in this study.
GI-CO-FT confers microgravity response through Potential Regulatory Modules of Arabidopsis plants grown in Space
Authors: Zheng Huiqiong , junyan xie , Zhu Jiachen , Wang Lihua , Jiao Yuwei , Dou Yanhui , Zhao Zhongtian , Luo Boyu , Ha Meifan
Published: January 2024

Our previous studies suggested that FLOWERING LOCUS (FT) can serve as a central hub, integrating microgravity signals into the photoperiodic flowering pathway in Arabidopsis. However, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we present findings from our recent experiments on the Chinese Space Station. Transcriptomic changes of space-grown plants, including wild-type (WT), gigantea (gi) mutant, CONSTANS overexpressing plants (35S:CO), and transgenic plants expressing FT with the green fluorescent protein gene controlled by a heat shock-inducible promoter (pHSP:GFP;pHSP:FT, FG), were compared with their ground-based controls. Analysis revealed a conserved transcriptional response signature primarily across the genotypes investigated. We pinpointed a new set of microgravity-responsive genes with a significant enrichment in flowering controlling pathways. In addition, this study highlighted bZIP, bHLH, BES1, and SBP family transcription factors, which are known integrators of hormone, light, and photoperiodic signals, as key mediators of the microgravity response in space.
Experimental study of surface residual stress and hardness of TiBw mesh reinforced titanium matrix composites in rotary ultrasonic grinding
Authors: Dong Guojun , Guo Zhiqing , Dai Yong , Lai Ruida , Liu Rongsong
Published: January 2024

TiBw mesh reinforced titanium matrix composites were investigated by rotary ultrasonic grinding experiments using nickel-based electroformed diamond grinding wheel and building a single diamond abrasive grain model and a 2D rotary ultrasonic grinding finite element model. Surface residual stress is obtained by simulation and verified by univariate experiments. Combined with nanoindentation experiments, the changes of residual stress and hardness were acquired. The results show that the reinforced phase fibers will be subjected to high mechanical stress which break the fibers and turn into chips with matrix material. The residual stress of TiBw-rich region is closer to the actual value due to the high elastic modulus and low residual strain of TiB. Residual compressive stress around -500MPa exists in the surface of workpiece under different process parameters. The residual stress decreases remarkably as the spindle speed increases. Meanwhile, the work hardening of workpieces changes similarly as the residual stress. The subsurface microstructure of titanium matrix composites after processing was tested by nanoindentation experiments and backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD). It was found that the surface hardness and dislocation density of the workpiece increased after machining, and the affected depth was about 10~15μm. XRD was further used to measure the surface phase of the workpiece under different processing parameters, the results show that the content of TiB reinforcements on the workpiece surface increases and the grain refinement decreases with the increase of spindle speed.
Effective Optical Zone Diameter, Decentration and High-Order Aberrations Following LIKE in Correcting Moderate to High Hyperopia
Authors: Zhang Bo , Chen Baihua , Wu Jiawei , Xiong Lu , Wang Zheng
Published: January 2024

Background
To compare the changes in effective optical zone (EOZ), centration offset and higher-order aberrations between femtosecond laser–assisted lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (LIKE) and femtosecond-assisted laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correcting hyperopia.
Methods
This is a retrospective unpaired nested case-control study reviewing data of series cases for hyperopia treatment in our department from 2018 to 2023. It mainly includes two surgeries and sets up two groups: LIKE and Hyperopic-LASIK group. Data primarily includes corrected minimum hyperopia ≥ + 1.00D and examination results within three months of follow-up at least.
Results
Cases included in LIKE group were mainly corrected for moderate-to-high- hyperopia (SEQ = + 6.14D), and in HLASIK group were corrected for low-to-moderate- hyperopia (SEQ = + 3.54D). The programmed optical zone diameter in LIKE was significantly smaller than postoperative result in HLASIK (6.27mm VS. 6.56mm). Through a novel measuring method of EOZ based on the ImageJ software, EOZ diameter obtained after LIKE procedure was significantly larger than that obtained after HLASIK (5.22mm VS. 4.61mm). The centration offset of the EOZ generated by LIKE was similar to that in HLASIK (0.27mm VS. 0.24mm). In LIKE, 95% of eyes had decentration within 0.5mm. The negative induction of corneal asphericity and spherical aberration after LIKE was significant, but even if it was correcting the higher hyperopia, that still has no significant difference with HLASIK.
Conclusion
Compared with HLASIK, LIKE has the potential to get larger EOZ and relative natural corneal morphology in correcting moderate to high hyperopia. And we propose a novel method for analyzing EOZ, which will help to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and convenience of graphical analysis.
Healthcost and Clinical Benefits of Rituximab in Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: Perspective From a Middle-Income Country (MyRITUX)
Authors: Tan Hai Liang , Yap Yok Chin , Bakar Karmila Abu , Eng Caroline Siew Yin
Published: January 2024

Background
The use of Rituximab for frequently relapsing (FRNS) and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) is increasingly established. However, the use of Rituximab in resource-limited settings is constrained by its prohibitive cost.
Methods
This retrospective study included all children aged 1 to 18 years with FRNS and SDNS. The costs incurred when using either Rituximab or cyclosporine were calculated and compared. Clinical data retrieved from medical records.
Results
Twelve patients received rituximab while 11 patients were treated with cyclosporine. Annualised relapse rate reduced from 5.07 to 1.52 in the Rituximab and 1.01 in the cyclosporine group. Total healthcost was MYR 75,339.81 in the rituximab group and MYR83,098.25 in the cyclosporine group. Cost to reduce one relapse with Rituximab was MYR 1,104.95 /episode compared to Cyclosporine, MYR 1,500.42 /episode. We observed greater reduction in the amount of prednisolone use in the rituximab group (114.33mg/kg versus 99.91mg/kg in the cyclosporine group). Both demonstrated significant reduction in their body mass index z score. There were no infusion related reactions in the rituximab group and cyclosporin was also well tolerated.
Conclusion
This is the first study to compare the healthcare costs of using rituximab to be carried out in a middle income country. Findings suggest that in such setting, a single infusion of Rituximab as a steroid sparing agent among children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome remains efficacious and feasible.
Influence of Circle of Willis Anatomy on the Safety of Carotid Endarterectomy under Regional Block
Authors: Ferreira Dantas Mageste , Dellaretti Marcos , Schumann Taianne Fiore , Gonçalves Vitor de Deus da Rocha Ribeiro , Silva Jéssica Aguilar
Published: January 2024

The success of carotid endarterectomy, an effective surgery in managing carotid stenosis, relies on reducing procedure complications. Therefore, prior understanding of the anatomy of the Circle of Willis is crucial to prevent complications.
Objective: To evaluate the anatomy of the Circle of Willis to determine the safety of endarterectomy in patients with carotid stenosis.
Methodology: A retrospective study in patients aged 18 or older with carotid stenosis indicating endarterectomy. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were performed, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 69 patients were evaluated, with an average age of 68.48 years; males represented 59.4% (n=41) of the sample, and 4.3% (n=3) did not tolerate the carotid artery cross-clamping test. Patients with patency of the anterior communicating artery and posterior communicating arteries were 18.2 times more likely to tolerate the cross-clamping test (p=0.026; 95% CI: 2.789-370.720).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that carotid endarterectomy is safe. In the evaluation of the Circle of Willis anatomy, it was evident that patients with an absent anterior communicating artery and absent posterior communicating arteries had a higher risk of carotid artery cross-clamping test intolerance, and the absence of the anterior communicating artery was associated with occurrences of complications in CEA. These findings emphasize the importance of assessing Circle of Willis anatomy preoperatively to determine the safety of the procedure.
Prediction of response to promising first-line chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients with residual peritoneal tumors: Practical biomarkers and robust multiplex models
Authors: Kawabata-Iwakawa Reika , Iwasa Norihiro , Satoh Kenichi , Colinge Jacques , Shimada Muneaki , Takeuchi Satoshi , Fujiwara Hiroyuki , Eguchi Hidetaka , Oishi Tetsuro , Sugiyama Toru , Suzuki Mitsuaki , Hasegawa Kosei , Fujiwara Keiichi , Nishiyama Masahiko
Published: January 2024

Background: Platinum/taxane chemotherapy with debulking surgery stays the mainstay of the treatment in ovarian cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis. Recently its novel modality, intraperitoneal carboplatin with dose-dense paclitaxel (ddTCip), was shown to have greater therapeutic impact, but consequent recurrence or relapse still often occurs. Discovery of therapeutic response predictor to ddTCip therapy is eagerly awaited to improve current treatment strategy for disseminated ovarian cancer patients.
Methods: Using datasets in 76 participants in this study and 189 patients published in The Cancer Genome Atlas, we first validated a total of 75 previously suggested markers, sought out more active biomarkers through the association analyses of genome-wide transcriptome and genotyping analyses with progression-free survival (PFS)and adverse events, and then developed multiplex statistical prediction models for PFS and toxicity by mainly using multiple regression analysis and the classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm.
Results: The association analyses revealed that SPINK1 expression could be a potent biomarker of ddTCip efficacy, while ABCB1 rs1045642 and ERCC1rs11615 would be a predictor of hematologic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy, respectively. Multiple regression analyses and CART algorithm finally provided a potent efficacy prediction model using 5 gene expression data and robust multiplex prediction models for adverse events: CART models using a total of 4 genotype combinations and multiple regression models using 15 polymorphisms on 12 genes.
Conclusion: Our proposed biomarkers and multiplex models composed here would work well in the response prediction of ddTCip therapy, which might contribute to realize optimal selection of the key therapy.