bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuel Chemical Composition Analysis Based on Additives
Authors: Guanuche Ing. Denny , Bedon A. Steven , Salazar M. Paul
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Based on the chemical composition of the extra gasoline fuel compared to four octane booster additives, this study aims to analyze the existing variation in determining a possible solution to the current problem of commercialized fuels. Methodology: In the testing phase, with the help of a gas analyzer, tests were carried out on each mixture used in the vehicle. With the results obtained, the Faires Virgil equation was balanced in order to determine the chemical composition of the fuel with each mixture of octane booster. The additive that obtained a closer approximation to the ideal chemical composition was subjected to an elemental analysis in a laboratory test. Results: The chemical composition calculations determined that the mixture of Extra and Liqui Moly fuel obtained a result of C14.9 – H28.81; thus, approximating the ideal chemical composition of C12.8 – H26.6 established by Faires Virgil. Conclusion: It is concluded that the use of an octane booster additive in Extra gasoline is not a feasible option to equal or exceed a higher quality fuel such as Super gasoline in this case, and that the changes produced in the chemical composition are almost imperceptible. However, in a laboratory test, a better appreciation of the variation in chemical composition is obtained.
Keywords: additive, carbon, hydrogen, polluting emissions, fuel.
Resumen
Introducción Estudio en base a la composición química del combustible de la gasolina extra en comparación con cuatro aditivos elevadores de octanaje con el objetivo de analizar la variación existente en un vehículo comercial, con el fin de determinar una posible solución a la problemática actual de los combustibles comercializados. Metodología En la fase de pruebas con la ayuda de un analizador de gases, se realizaron pruebas a cada mezcla empleada en el vehículo y con los resultados obtenidos se balanceó la ecuación de Faires Virgil con el propósito de determinar la composición química de combustible con cada mezcla de elevador de octanajey el aditivo que obtuvo una mayor aproximación a la composición química ideal, fue sometido a un análisis elemental en una prueba de laboratorio. Resultados Con los cálculos de composición química realizados, se determinó que la mezcla de combustible Extra y Liqui Moly obtuvo un resultado de C14,9 – H28,81, siendo así una aproximación a la composición química ideal de C12,8 – H26,6 establecida por Faires Virgil. Conclusión: Se concluye que el uso de un aditivo elevador de octanaje en la gasolina Extra, no es una opción factible para igualar o superar un combustible de mayor calidad como lo es en este caso la gasolina Super y además que los cambios producidos en la composición química son casi imperceptibles, sin embargo en una prueba de laboratorio se obtiene una mejor apreciación en la variación de la composición química.
Palabras Clave: Aditivo, Carbono, Hidrógeno, Emisiones contaminantes, Combustible.
Efficiency of Conventional Method of Protection Against Corrosion in ASTM A36 Steels in Saline Medium
Authors: Calderón Freire E , Tenicota García A , Redroban C , Caiza Vega J , Gamboa Rodriguez F
Published: July 2024

This study aims to compare the performance of three anti-corrosion protection methods and estimate the corrosion rate according to the ASTM G1-03 standard in ASTM A36 steel plates. The applied methodology follows the procedure established in the ASTM G31-21 and ASTM G1-03 standards. While a chemical solution based on the ASTM G44 standards was used for corrosion. The corrosion rate was carried out by calculating the optimal sample size of the number of steel witness plates A36 to be immersed in a 3.5% sodium chloride solution, placed in 4 polypropylene vats, simulating the corrosive environment under conditions containing a pH between 6-7 and a temperature between 25-30ºC. For the first method, a polymeric coating was applied according to the SSPC-PA 1 standard using high-volume solids epoxy paints with a corrosion rate of 0.0502 mm/year. In the second method, cathodic protection was applied by sacrificial anode on the witness plates obtaining a speed of 0.0275 mm/year. The third method used a sacrificial anode by an impressed current in which an external source was used to circulate current between the anode and cathode, resulting in 0.0096 mm/year.
Keywords: corrosion, surface protection, corrosion rate, ASTM A36 steel, sacrificial anode.
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el rendimiento de tres métodos de protección anticorrosiva y estimar la velocidad de corrosión según la norma ASTM G1-03 en placas de acero ASTMA36. La metodología aplicada sigue el procedimiento establecido en las normas ASTM G31-21 y ASTM G1-03, mientras que para la corrosión se utilizó una solución química basada en las normas ASTM G44. La velocidad de corrosión se llevó a cabo mediante el cálculo del tamaño de muestra óptimo de número de placas testigos de acero A36 a sumergir en una solución de cloruro de sodio al 3.5%, colocado en 4 cubas de polipropileno, simulando el ambiente corrosivo en condiciones que contenían un pH entre 6-7 y una temperatura entre 25-30ºC. Como primera instancia en el primer método se aplicó un recubrimiento polimérico según la norma SSPC-PA 1 mediante pinturas How to epóxicas de alto sólidos en volumen teniendo una velocidad de corrosión de 0.0502 mm/año, en el segundo método se aplicó protección catódica por ánodo de sacrificio en las placas testigos obteniendo una velocidad de 0,0275 mm/año y para el tercer método se empleó un ánodo de sacrificio por corriente impresa en el cual utilizaremos una fuente externa para hacer circular corriente entre el ánodo y cátodo, teniendo como resultado 0,0096 mm/año.
Palabras Clave: corrosión, protección superficial, velocidad de corrosión, acero astm a36, ánodo de sacrificio.
TELEMONITORAMENTO DE PACIENTES CRÔNICOS NA ERA COVID POR GRADUANDOS DE ENFERMAGEM: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Rodrigues Fernanda Machado , Keismanas de Ávila Livia , Bonfietti Rodrigues Daniela , Gonzaga dos Santos Cardoso Luciana , Costa Soares dos Santos Luciana
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de estudantes de enfermagem com o telemonitoramento de pacientes crônicos durante a pandemia da COVID-19, enfatizando mudanças na prática de enfermagem e o desenvolvimento de habilidades. Método: Relato de experiência de 11 estudantes de enfermagem, que realizaram telemonitoramento em um hospital filantrópico de alta complexidade, com coleta de dados por narrativas descritivas no sistema RedCap®. Resultados: As estudantes aprimoraram habilidades de comunicação e cuidado à distância, enfrentando desafios como coleta incompleta de dados dos pacientes. A experiência destacou a importância do autocuidado profissional e adaptação às condições adversas e isolamento social. Conclusões: A experiência com telemonitoramento foi essencial no preparo das estudantes para desafios emergentes na área de saúde, ressaltando a necessidade de integrar práticas de telemonitoramento na formação de enfermeiros, prepará-los para cenários de crise e demandas crescentes em telemonitoramento e cuidados remotos.
Law and Act in Natural Law Doctrines in Russia in the 19th to the Early 20th Century
Authors: Lukyanova Elena G. ,   Head of the Department of Theory of State and Law Named after G.V. Maltsev of the M.M. Speransky Law Faculty of the Institute
Published: July 2024

The article examines the views of Russian legal scholars and representatives of the natural law doctrine of the 19th — early 20th centuries on the problem of the relationship between law and statute, often contrasted in legal studies of the late 20th — early 21st centuries. The main idea of all representatives of the Russian natural law doctrine is the idea of the legal and objective, and not arbitrary, content of the statute as a state act establishing law; the limitation of state power by the legal nature of the statute and the invalidity of non-legal acts of the state. The thesis about the difference between law and statute, widespread, including in modern jurisprudence, is explained by terminological and methodological inconsistency.
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins by Homology Modeling and Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics Simulations: A Case Study of Amyloid-β42
Authors: Coskuner Weber Orkid
Published: July 2024

Homology modeling emerges as a potent tool unveiling the structural enigma of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), with recent advancements such as AlphaFold2 enhancing the precision of these analyses. The process usually involves identifying homologous proteins with known structures and utilizing their templates to predict the three-dimensional architecture of the target IDP. However, IDPs lack a well-defined three-dimensional structure, and their flexibility makes it difficult to accurately predict their conformations. On the other hand, special sampling molecular dynamics simulations have been shown to be useful in defining the distinct structural properties of IDPs. Here, the structural properties of the disordered amyloid-β42 peptide were predicted using various homology modeling tools including C-I-TASSER, I-TASSER, Phyre2, SwissModel and AlphaFold2. In parallel, extensive replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations of Aβ42 were conducted. Results from homology modeling were compared to our replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations and experiments for gaining insights into the accuracy of homology modeling tools for IDPs used in this work. Based on our findings, none of the homology modeling tools used in this work can capture fully the structural properties of Aβ42. However, C-I-TASSER yields a radius of gyration and tertiary structure properties that are more in accord with the simulations and experimental data rather than I-TASSER, Phyre2, SwissModel and AlphaFold2.
A Method for Developing Process-Based Assessments for Computational Thinking Tasks
Authors: Bhatt Sohum , Verbert Katrien , Van Den Noortgate Wim
Published: July 2024

Computational thinking (CT) is a concept of growing importance to pre-university education. Yet, CT is often assessed through results, rather than by looking at the CT process itself. Process-based assessments, or assessments that model how a student completed a task, could instead investigate the process of CT as a formative assessment. In this work, we proposed an approach for developing process-based assessments using constructionist tasks specifically for CT assessment in K–12 contexts, with a focus on directly connecting programming artifacts to aspects of CT. We then illustrated such an assessment with 29 students who ranged in CT and programming experience. These students completed both a constructionist task and a traditional CT assessment. Data from the constructionist task was used to build a process-based assessment and results were compared between the two assessment methods. The process-based assessment produced groups of students who differed in their approach to the task with varying levels of success. However, there was no difference between groups of students in the scores on the traditional CT assessment. Process-based assessment from our approach may be useful as formative assessment to give process feedback, localized to the task given to students.
Pesticide Usage Pattern by Paddy Growers in Palnadu District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Valluri Jhansi Hima Varsha , Rao CCherukuri Sreenivasa , Ch Chiranjeevi , Rao V. Srinivasa , Varma P. Kishore
Published: July 2024

Background: Over the years, pesticides have been crucial in ensuring food security since novel compounds have been produced in response to changing pest scenarios, environmental concerns and food safety regulations. Methods: The study was carried out on pesticide usage pattern followed in paddy fields of Palnadu district, Andhra Pradesh during rabi 2020-21 in 15 villages of five mandals. Fortnightly observations on pesticide usage pattern in individual farmer field was collected using a questionnaire prepared in the regional language (Telugu). Result: Farmers in the Palnadu district during rabi 2020-21 applied 345 pesticides in 177 applications/sprayings, with an average of 4.32 sprayings/applications per farmer and 8.41 pesticides in each field during the crop season, while ZBNF farmers have not used any pesticide. The commonly used pesticides in the area were acephate, flubendiamide and propineb, out of a total of 34 pesticides, 17 insecticides; 12 fungicides; 4 herbicides and one bio-chemical product were used by the farmers.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DO ZYGOTE BODY COMO RECURSO DE AULAS PRÁTICAS NA DISCIPLINA DE BIOLOGIA E CIÊNCIAS: uma pauta sobre o conteúdo de anatomia humana
Authors: Cardoso Francisco Nivaldo Monteiro , Conceição Filho Antonio da
Published: July 2024

Os Laboratórios são partes essenciais para as disciplinas que estão dentro das Ciências da Natureza. Com a pandemia do novo Coronavírus (COVID-19), os professores dessas áreas precisaram se reinventar, para que os alunos pudessem conciliar teoria com a prática. Assim fazendo a utilização de Laboratórios Virtuais de Aprendizagem (LVA). Diante disso, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar um levantamento na base de dados científicos Google Acadêmico sobre o LVA Zygote Body como recurso para se utilizar na disciplina de Biologia e ou Ciências no recorte de 2018 a 2022. Para tanto utilizou-se o seguinte descritor: “Zygote Body”, em seguida elaborou-se critérios de inclusão para selecionar os trabalhos que fazem parte do presente trabalho. Com a pesquisa encontrou-se 266 trabalhos, que passaram por critérios restando 5 pesquisas. Com a pesquisa, foram compilados detalhes sobre as características desse LVA, além de coletar informações valiosas sobre seus recursos, e conclui-se que ele pode ser usado em sala de aula, abrangendo o conteúdo de anatomia, no ensino básico e superior. Também é importante salientar que, embora possa ser um recurso útil para auxiliar os professores em suas atividades, há escassas pesquisas recentes sobre o presente LVA. Nos últimos cinco anos analisados, foram encontrados apenas cinco estudos relacionados ao tema.
A EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: da relação com o conceito de educação, tendências e função social
Authors: Pandini Carmen Maria Cipriani
Published: July 2024

Este artigo apresenta um recorte da tese de doutoramento em Ciências da Educação, em que situamos a Educação a Distância (EaD) como uma modalidade e a analisamos, a partir do conceito amplo de educação, compreendendo-a como prática social, humana e multidimensional; situada à luz dos aspectos de natureza econômica, histórica, cultural e ideológica. Nessa linha, demarcamos a presença de componentes que fazem parte da estrutura da EaD, identificando aspectos que revelam as formas organizacionais e as bases político-pedagógicas. Dá-se ênfase à EaD sob análise e presença de novos paradigmas, aqueles que levam em conta as tendências globalizantes, a complexidade, a pluralidade social e cultural, cujos fatores interferem na vida em sociedade, que provocam alterações também no campo educacional. Essa ambivalência dos fenômenos que interferem na ciência, na cultura e na educação desvela pensamentos mais complexos, modelos pedagógicos ampliados e flexíveis, os quais exigem novos aportes didáticos e novos enquadramentos conceituais da EaD e exigem, consequentemente, novas práticas e outras pedagogias.
Los futuros profesores y su vinculación con la investigación educativa
Authors: Perines Haylen , Vega-López Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

La relevancia de la investigación educativa en la formación del profesorado es una línea de investigación que está instalada en el debate internacional y que en el contexto iberoamericano ha ido cobrando notoriedad en los últimos años. El presente trabajo se plantea un doble objetivo. El primero es llevar a cabo una experiencia donde se aplican algunos aspectos de la formación en investigación educativa a partir de un modelo teórico. El segundo es conocer las valoraciones de los estudiantes sobre las acciones formativas que han llevado a cabo durante la experiencia y sobre la relevancia de la investigación educativa para la docencia. Para lograrlo se implementaron tres acciones formativas con futuros profesores de una universidad pública de Chile y posteriormente se recogieron datos a través de grupos focales (4). Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes valoran favorablemente el uso de la investigación educativa para acceder a información actualizada sobre educación, para fortalecer la toma de decisiones profesionales y para actualizar los conocimientos docentes. Entre las conclusiones se destaca la importancia de continuar implementando acciones concretas al interior de los programas formativos para que los estudiantes tengan un acercamiento oportuno a la investigación educativa.
Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Iranian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Seyed-Nezhad Maryam , Manzouri Leila , Bazarganipour Fatemeh , Shokohiasl Hajar , Moradi-Joo Mohammad
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:Postpartum depression (PPD) is an important and prevalent disorder that can have short-term and long-term adverse effects on the mother, child, and family. This meta-analysis was conducted with the aim of investigating factors related to PPD in Iran.

METHODS:This systematic review and meta-analysis reviewed observational studies in Iran. Four Persian language databases (Magiran, IranDoc, ISC, and SID) and four English language databases (ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) were searched from their inception to September 20, 2023. Google Scholar search engine was used to find relevant sources and complete the search coverage. The process of searching and selecting studies was drawn using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis diagram. The strength of the association was summarized using the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used RevMan 5.4 software to analyze the data after extraction.

RESULTS:A total of 28 studies involving 11,784 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that cesarean section (OR = 0.77, 95% CI [0.60, 0.98]), history of abortion (OR = 1.48, 95% CI [1.14, 1.92]), unwanted pregnancy (OR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.45, 0.76]), formula feeding (OR = 0.50, 95% CI [0.39, 0.65]), diploma and less education (OR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.08, 1.48]), neonatal hospitalization (OR = 1.77, 95% CI [1.13, 2.76]), more than two deliveries (OR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.67, 0.86]), and low and moderate socioeconomic status (OR = 1.77, 95% CI [1.34, 2.34]) have a significant effect on PPD. Satisfaction of the newborn gender (OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.58, 1.33]), employment (OR = 1.16, 95% CI [0.97, 1.40]), age (OR = 0.89, 95% CI [0.58, 1.39]), previous depression (OR = 1.76, 95% CI [0.88, 3.50]), and gender of the newborn (OR = 0.82, 95% CI [0.42, 1.60]) did not have a significant effect on PPD.

CONCLUSION:The results of this study showed that many factors influence PPD. Most of these factors can be identified during pregnancy, which shows the importance of screening during pregnancy. Therefore, it is necessary to design and use screening tools to identify predisposing variables for PPD according to the social–cultural characteristics of different populations.
Exploring Virtual Reality as an Employment Accommodation for Individuals With Albinism
Authors: Embree Jared A. , Wilson Josephine F. , Harel Assaf , Corn Anne L. , Thompson Richard , Mason Phillip , Thompson Kelsey , Sell Daniel , Trim Jeremy , Taylor Kathryn C.
Published: July 2024

Advances in virtual reality (VR) technology have created a wide range of remote work options. The goal of this study was to explore the experiences of individuals with albinism using VR work environments as a reasonable accommodation for remote work. Four cohorts of five participants each worked for 6 months at their leisure in a variety of virtual environments and met monthly with the research team to discuss positive and negative experiences with the technology and accessibility features. Using inductive thematic qualitative analysis, we followed a three-step coding process to identify themes in recorded transcripts of individual interviews and focus group discussions. The participants spent an average of 3.8 hours per week in VR, with an average session lasting 0.85 hours. From the coding analyses conducted by five coders, four themes were developed including the following: difficulties with VR’s limitations, recommendations for improving accessibility in VR, benefits that VR could bring to the workplace, and navigation practice applications for VR. While VR provided improved visual experiences for nearly all participants, there are needed features that could dramatically improve accessibility. Although individuals with low vision can customize many features of VR to optimize their visual experience, many of these accessibility features are specific to applications and not consistent across developers and hardware ecosystems. Despite its shortcomings, VR shows great promise as an accommodation for people with low vision. In particular, individuals participating in the current study found great utility in VR’s ability to assist with navigation of unfamiliar environments and its potential use in the workplace.
Java Government Gazette: Koleksi Surat Kabar Berbahasa Inggris Abad Ke-19 Di Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia
Authors: Supratman Frial Ramadhan
Published: July 2024

Thomas Stanford Raffles was one of the governors general who ruled Java between 1811 and 1816. His short period of power is often overlooked by historians. Nevertheless, Raffles' reign played an important role in Indonesian history before independence. The first English language newspaper published during Raffles' reign was the Java Government Gazette. This article investigates and analyzes the Java Government Gazette in the collection of the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia. This newspaper was published between 1812 and 1816. The Java Government Gazette newspaper played a significant role as a source for the history of the Dutch East Indies in the early 19th century. In fact, this newspaper also shows how the Dutch East Indies cannot be separated from the global dynamics of the 19th century. This newspaper provides various information, such as the slave trade, ship transportation, buying and selling of assets and products and information regarding the British and French conflict. This research method is a qualitative method that emphasizes the analysis of historical information in the Java Government Gazette newspaper. In this research, the author argues that the Java Government Gazette newspaper is an important historical source for understanding the position of the Dutch East Indies at the beginning of the 19th century from a global historical perspective.
Una breve introducción para "El catalejo aristotélico"
Authors: Ibarra Chávez Fernando ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Published: July 2024

Como portador de un importante apellido, Emanuele Tesauro (1592-1675) dio continuidad al lustre de su familia dedicándose al estudio de la retórica. Su ingreso a la Compañía de Jesús, con apenas 19 años, le permitió adquirir una sólida instrucción. No es casual su participación como profesor en la Academia de Brera, en Milán, donde, además, estudió filosofía. Todavía no cumplía los 30 años cuando ya se había trasladado a Cremona en calidad de preceptor. Entre 1622 y 1629 su actividad se concentró en la escritura de panegíricos. Simultáneamente, redactó su famoso "Arte delle lettere misive" que, como muchos de sus textos, permaneció inédito por varias décadas. Su prestigio como hombre de letras se incrementó en paralelo con sus buenas relaciones con la casa de los Saboya, en particular, con el príncipe Tomaso de Carignano. El contacto con las altas esferas del poder político de Turín desembocó en algunos textos de propaganda política, ya sea exaltando la historia de la ciudad o el heroísmo de los Saboya. Ya como caballero de la Gran Cruz de los santos Mauricio y Lázaro, mandó a la imprenta la primera redacción de "El catalejo aristotélico" ("Il cannocchiale aristotelico") en 1654, en Turín, publicado por Giovanni Sinibaldo. Más tarde, en virtud de sus servicios a la ciudad y por la relevancia de su trabajo en materia retórica, los condes de Grugliasco, regentes del municipio de Turín, gestionaron la edición de su opera omnia. Entre 1669 y 1674 se encargó de la impresión o reedición de su obra. Entre estos textos encontramos, naturalmente, "El catalejo", editado nuevamente bajo la supervisión del autor en 1670. Si bien Tesauro basa todas sus reflexiones en las enseñanzas de los autores clásicos, cuando llega a los símbolos agudos —novedad de sus tiempos—, no encuentra en aquellos ningún andamiaje teórico. Aun así, justifica que los principios reguladores de la agudeza simbólica están aludidos en algún lugar de las obras de Aristóteles, pero que es menester la mirada perspicaz para identificarlos. En estos capítulos el autor demuestra sus sólidos conocimientos sobre las materias, no a partir de los clásicos, sino de los modernos: Alciato, Valeriano, Golzio, Typotius, Ruscelli, Bargagli, Grutero, Menestrier, Pignoria, Mignault, entre otros. Ciertamente, ante la profusión de conceptos y autores tratados, el lector curioso y atento podría sentirse agobiado, sin embargo, Emanuele Tesauro fue lo suficientemente hábil para poner en práctica los mismos elementos que analiza y enseñar deleitando, de modo que en este tratado también hay innumerables momentos de gozo estético que no los podrá entender quien no los prueba. Sirvan, pues, estas breves, brevísimas páginas como un acercamiento somero a esta rebosante cornucopia de la retórica barroca, fruto de la erudición y del ingenio de un hombre que sólo tenía la intención de comunicar una "idea".
Enhancing unmanned aerial vehicle communication through distributed ledger and multi-agent deep reinforcement learning for fairness and scalability
Authors: Ali Farman , Ahtasham Muhammad , Anfaal Zahra
Published: July 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are pivotal in enhancing connectivity in diverse applications such as search and rescue, remote communications, and battlefield networking, especially in environments lacking ground-based infrastructure. This paper introduces a novel approach that harnesses Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning to optimize UAV communication systems. The methodology, centered on the Independent Proximal Policy Optimization technique, significantly improves fairness, throughput, and energy efficiency by enabling UAVs to autonomously adapt their operational strategies based on real-time environmental data and individual performance metrics. Moreover, the integration of Distributed Ledger Technologies with Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning enhances the security and scalability of UAV communications, ensuring robustness against disruptions and adversarial attacks. Extensive simulations demonstrate that this approach surpasses existing benchmarks in critical performance metrics, highlighting its potential implications for future UAV-assisted communication networks. By focusing on these technological advancements, the groundwork is laid for more efficient, fair, and resilient UAV systems.
Tingkat Keberlanjutan Sosial-Ekonomi Desa Pela Kalimantan Timur Berdasarkan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Arsita Ema Dwi , Asikin Demayanti , Titisari Ema Yunita
Published: July 2024

Pela Village is in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, this village is unique in that part of its area is a water area. Pela Village is designated as a lake and river-based tourist village with the Mahakam Pesut ecosystem, this is due to the geographical position of Pela village which is at the mouth of the Mahakam river and Lake Semayang. The challenge of developing tourist attractions in the region is the large tourism potential it has, but the limited capacity of community resources to develop it. The aim of the research is to determine the level of sustainability of Pela Village from social and economic aspects in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using the exploratory descriptive qualitative method. The results of the research explain that the people of Pela Village have a good level of sustainability because they practice environmentally friendly living and are supported by the conservation of the Mahakam Pesut. There needs to be good planning so that the Pela tourist village can continue to develop so as to produce ecotourism and a sustainable built environment.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 20.07.2024 г. по 26.07.2024 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2024

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 20.07.2024 г. по 26.07.2024 г.
RETRACTED: MATLAB-Simulink based framework for testgeneration of analog driven digital blocks
Authors: Kumari Puja , Bhattacharya Rahul
Published: July 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Beyond Tobacco: Genomic Disparities in Lung Cancer Between Smokers and Never-Smokers
Authors: Garrido Javiera , Bernal Yanara , González Evelin , Blanco Alejandro , Sepúlveda-Hermosilla Gonzalo , Freire Matías , Oróstica Karen , Rivas Solange , Marcelain Katherine , Owen Gareth , Ibañez Carolina , Corvalan Alejandro , Garrido Marcelo , Assar Rodrigo , Lizana Rodrigo , Cáceres-Molina Javier , Ampuero Diego , Ramos Liliana , Pérez Paola , Aren Osvaldo , Chernilo Sara , Fernández Cristina , Spencer María Loreto , Aguila Jacqueline Flores , Dossetto Giuliano Bernal , Olea Mónica Ahumada , Rasse Germán , Sánchez Carolina , Amorim Maria Galli , Bartelli Thais F. , Nunes Diana Noronha , Dias-Neto Emmanuel , Armisén Ricardo , Freitas Helano C.
Published: July 2024

Background
Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors for Lung Cancer (LC) development. However, about 10–20% of those diagnosed with the disease are never-smokers. For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) there are clear differences in both the clinical presentation and the tumor genomic profiles between smokers and never-smokers. For example, the Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) histological subtype in never-smokers is predominately found in young women of European, North American, and Asian descent. While the clinical presentation and tumor genomic profiles of smokers have been widely examined, never-smokers are usually underrepresented, especially those of a Latin American (LA) background. In this work, we characterize, for the first time, the difference in the genomic profiles between smokers and never-smokers LC patients from Chile.
Methods
We conduct a comparison by smoking status in the frequencies of genomic alterations (GAs) including somatic mutations and structural variants (fusions) in a total of 10 clinically relevant genes, including the eight most common actionable genes for LC (EGFR, KRAS, ALK, MET, BRAF, RET, ERBB2, and ROS1) and two established driver genes for malignancies other than LC (PI3KCA and MAP2K1). Study participants were grouped as either smokers (current and former, n = 473) or never-smokers (n = 200) according to self-report tobacco use at enrollment.
Results
Our findings indicate a higher overall GA frequency for never-smokers compared to smokers (58 vs. 45.7, p-value < 0.01) with the genes EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA displaying the highest prevalence while ERBB2, RET, and ROS1 the lowest. Never-smokers present higher frequencies in seven out of the 10 genes; however, smokers harbor a more complex genomic profile. The clearest differences between groups are seen for EGFR (15.6 vs. 21.5, p-value:<0.01), PIK3CA (6.8 vs 9.5) and ALK (3.2 vs 7.5) in favor of never-smokers, and KRAS (16.3 vs. 11.5) and MAP2K1 (6.6 vs. 3.5) in favor of smokers. Alterations in these genes are comprised almost exclusively by somatic mutations in EGFR and mainly by fusions in ALK, and only by mutations in PIK3CA, KRAS and MAP2K1.
Conclusions
We found clear differences in the genomic landscape by smoking status in LUAD patients from Chile, with potential implications for clinical management in these limited-resource settings.
Parent-Child Communication and Educational Anxiety: A Longitudinal Analysis Based on the Common Fate Model
Authors: Gao Fengqiang , Xu Chunze , Qing Lv , Zhao Yufei , Han Lei
Published: July 2024

In the study of family relationships, the Common Fate Model (CFM) is a widely used and reliable model that is able to better explain the inherent patterns of interactions that exist in the dichotomous level. Based on the Common Fate Model, this study explored the influence of parent-child communication quality on parental education anxiety, and at the same time deeply analyzed the mediating role of parent-child trust relationship between the two. The study used the questionnaire method to select fathers and mothers from junior high schools in Jinan City to participate in the research by using stratified cluster sampling, collected data in two time periods (T1 and T2, with an interval of one year), and finally analyzed the data from the Parent-Child Communication Quality Questionnaire (T1), the Educational Anxiety Questionnaire (T2), and the Parent-Child Trusting Relationship Questionnaire (T2) from 910 fathers and mothers in 495 families. The results found that (1) based on the Common Fate Model, parent-child communication quality negatively predicted parental educational anxiety; (2) parent-child communication quality positively predicted parent-child trust relationship; (3) parent-child trust relationship negatively predicted parental educational anxiety; and (4) parent-child trust relationship mediated parent-child communication quality and educational anxiety. In conclusion, based on the Common Fate Model, this paper explores the mediating effect of the parent-child trust relationship between communication quality and parental educational anxiety to provide some theoretical support for alleviating parental educational anxiety.
Influence of H3K9 Methylation on Gene Mutation Rates: Advancing Epigenetic Research with Controlled Experimental Design
Authors: Abdalla Ola , Walker Cameron
Published: July 2024

Mutations drive genetic variation, fueling both oncogenesis and species evolution. The mutation rate varies across the genome, potentially influenced by chromatin organization through histone modifications and other factors. However, the precise relationship between chromatin structure and mutation rate remains poorly understood and needs further investigation. One such modification, the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me), is known to form heterochromatin and repress transcription in euchromatin, thereby maintaining genome stability essential for organism survival. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of H3K9 methylation, in isolation from other histone markers, on the mutation rate in fission yeast. Employing fluctuation assays and statistical analysis, our innovative methodology estimates the mutation rates of a single gene under two different conditions within a single experiment using an isogenic clone. Our findings reveal that H3K9me markers significantly increase the phenotypic mutation rate of the same gene. For prospective researchers, this study introduces a new experimental approach that offers unprecedented accuracy in gene analysis, with implications for both genetic research and epigenetic therapy.
Quality of Cerebral Palsy-Related Videos on Chinese Social Media Platforms
Authors: He Wenjie , Tang Dongning , Jin Ya , Zhang Wenyan , Kang Yunyun , Qing Xia
Published: July 2024

Background
A significant research gap exists in evaluating the prevalence and quality of Chinese videos depicting CP on domestic social media platforms. In contrast to studies that focus on online video content concerning CP on YouTube, CP videos on YouTube are largely inaccessible to average citizens in mainland China. This disparity underscores the need for further investigation into the availability and nature of CP videos specifically on Chinese social media platforms.
Methods
The present cross-sectional study examined 344 videos about CP from popular Chinese social media platforms, including TikTok, Kwai, Weibo, Bilibili, and RED. The analysis of these videos involved a detailed assessment of their sources, content, and characteristics. Additionally, quantitative scoring tools such as Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmarks, Global Quality Score (GQS), and DISCERN were utilized to evaluate video quality. Furthermore, the potential relationship between video quality and various attributes such as duration, number of likes, and comments was explored and their impact on the quality of information presented in the videos was analyzed.
Results
The average duration of the 344 videos was 92.12 seconds (SD 105.69). CP rehabilitation training videos comprised 45.64% of the total, followed by expert-contributed videos at 40.70%. Mean scores for JAMA, GQS, and DISCERN were 1.62 (SD 0.60), 2.05 (SD 0.99), and 1.26 (SD 1.26) respectively. RED had the lowest average scores. Videos focusing on disease knowledge scored highest on JAMA and GQS scales. Experts achieved significantly higher GQS and DISCERN scores compared to health-related institutions and amateurs. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between likes and comments (r = 0.87, P < .001).
Conclusion
Enhancing the management of medical content is crucial to address the compromised reliability of Chinese online short videos providing information to families of CP patients. Improving content professionalism and accuracy ensures users access genuinely valuable information.
Valvular Heart Disease And Associated Factors Among Adult Known Cardiac Patients In A Tertiary Hospital In Ethiopia
Authors: Barata Tagese Yakob , Belay Eshetu , Yakob Begidu , Abraham Awoke , Dawit Desalegn , Israel Esknider
Published: July 2024

Background
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, followed by coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure. In Ethiopia, VHD accounts for 40.5% of cardiovascular diseases. However, existing studies from Ethiopia have focused only on the rheumatic cause of VHD. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the burden of VHD risk factors. This study aimed to assess the burden of valvular heart disease (VHD) and its associated factors among adult known cardiac patients in at Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College in Ethiopia.
Methods
A facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out on 422 participants from January 1 to May 30, 2023. Secondary data were extracted from patient records. Finally, sample selection was performed using a simple random system. The data were entered and cleaned by Epi-data 4.6.0.2 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Descriptive characteristics such as frequency, mean, median and percentage were recorded. Model goodness-of-fit was checked by the Hosmer and Lemeshow test (0.272). Logistic regression using a p value of < 0.05 at the 95% CI was used for measuring the associations of variables concerning their AORs.
Results
An overall response rate of 98.8% was achieved with a total of 417 study participants. The mean age (± SD) of the participants was 50.42 (± 0.62) years. The burden of valvular heart disease among the population studied was 73 (17.06%) (95% CI, 14.13–21.47). The burden of VHD was greater for participants from urban areas than for those from urban areas. Rheumatic heart disease (35.90%) was the most commonly reported etiology causing valvular lesions, followed by infective endocarditis (30.77%). Family history of cardiovascular disease (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.76–7.12), history of hypertension (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.48–5.41), thyroid disease (AOR = 3.59, 95% CI: 1.51–8.56), and history of adult malnutrition (AOR = 4.93, 95% CI: 2.04–10.14) are independent predictors of valvular heart disease.
Conclusion
The burden of valvular heart disease (VHD) was high in the population studied. A family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and thyroid disease and the presence of adult malnutrition were significantly associated with depression in patients living with valvular heart disease. Early screening of valvular heart disease by echocardiography among cardiac patients should be strengthened in all public health facilities and all private facilities on board.
Associations of SGLT-2i with Cardiorenal Outcomes Among Diabetics with Prostate Cancer on Hormone Therapy
Authors: Koutroumpakis Efstratios , Patel Rushin , Khadke Sumanth , Bedrosian Aram , Kumar Ashish , Kong Yixin , Connell Brendan , Upadhyay Jagriti , Dani Sourbha S. , Hahn Andrew W. , Logothetis Christopher J. , Al-Kindi Sadeer , Butler Javed , Nohria Anju , Ganatra Sarju , Deswal Anita
Published: July 2024

Background
Studies have reported associations between prostate cancer, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease in the context of treatment with hormone therapy (HT). This study aimed to assess the role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) in preventing adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in diabetics with prostate cancer.
Methods
Patients ≥ 18 years of age with T2DM and prostate cancer who received HT between August 1, 2013, and August 31, 2021, were identified using the TriNetX research network. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on treatment with SGLT2i or alternative antidiabetic therapies. The primary outcome was the composite of all-cause mortality, new onset heart failure (HF), acute myocardial infarction (MI), and peripheral artery disease over two years from HT initiation.
Results
After propensity score matching, 2,155 patients remained in each cohort. The primary composite outcome occurred in 218 patients (16.1%) in the SGLT2i cohort versus 355 patients (26.3%) in the non-SGLT2i cohort (HR 0.689, 95% CI 0.582–0.816; p < 0.001). Furthermore, SGLT2i were associated with significantly lower odds of HF, HF exacerbation, peripheral artery disease, atrial fibrillation/flutter, cardiac arrest, need for renal replacement therapy, overall emergency room visits/hospitalizations and all-cause mortality.
Conclusions
Use of SGLT2i for the treatment of T2DM among patients with prostate cancer on HT is associated with favorable cardiovascular, renal and all-cause mortality outcomes. This observation supports the hypothesis that a therapeutically relevant link exists between HT and cardiovascular disease in the context of prostate cancer.
WITHDRAWN: Is there an association between the serum zonulin concentration and the occurrence of PPROM?
Authors: Mert Sule Atalay
Published: July 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Impact of Work Status on Quality of Life in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease During the First Year of Hemodialysis
Authors: Bodessova S. , Sagandykova N. , Danebek K. , Sultanova B. , Baurzhan M.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Compared with the general population, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have impaired health-related quality of life due to the combined effects of disease and hemodialysis therapy. As a result, poor quality of life increases the risk of mortality and hospitalization and affects general well-being. Although existing rehabilitation programs aim to improve physical activity in hemodialysis patients, the impact of work status, particularly within the first year of treatment, on quality of life (QoL) remains unclear. This study investigated and compared the QoL of working and nonworking patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during their first year on hemodialysis, focusing on two subscales of the SF-36. Materials and methods. The study involved 120 patients with ESRD at the hemodialysis center during their first year of hemodialysis. There were two groups: sixty working patients and sixty nonworking patients. Patients were administered the SF-36 survey to determine their physical and mental health status. Results. It was found that working status was significantly associated with improved quality of life for working patients who reported lower physical function but significantly greater mental health scores (p = 0.009) than for nonworking participants. Conclusion. This study revealed that working ESRD patients who were undergoing hemodialysis during their first year reported better physical and mental health than nonworking patients. These findings suggest that light work during hemodialysis may have a positive impact on patients' quality of life. Further research is warranted to explore the optimal work modalities and their integration into comprehensive rehabilitation programs for ESRD patients.
Clinical & Socio-demographic profile of children receiving Pediatric Palliative Care in a tertiary hospital of a Metropolitan city in India
Authors: Bisen Pratima , Wade Poonam , Talwadekar Pradnya , Malik Sushma , Muckaden Mary Ann , Rathi Surbhi , Deodhar Jayita
Published: July 2024

Introduction/ Background: Pediatric palliative care is a holistic care of children suffering from life threatening or life limiting illnesses and encompasses care of a child’s body, mind, spirit and also involves giving support to the family. According to the Global Atlas of Palliative Care, 6% of the global need for palliative care is in children. In order to provide palliative care, one needs to identify and diagnose the conditions requiring palliative care. There has always been a confusion in identifying pediatric conditions requiring palliative care. There is a lot of inconsistency in diagnosis of such conditions particularly in pre-verbal patients. This study attempts to generate more data about the common palliative care conditions and complaints with which the children present to tertiary care hospitals.
Objectives: To study the socio-demographic details, clinical profile, CCC (complex chronic conditions) designation and the ACT/ RCPCH (Association for Children with Life-threatening or Terminal Conditions and the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health) classification of children suffering from chronic conditions requiring palliative care.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted as a single centre retrospective observational study of pediatric patients enrolled for palliative care at a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city in India from 01.06.2021 to 31.06.2022. The total sample size was 400. The socio-demographic data and the clinical profile was recorded from the case records of all the 400 patients. Classification of the conditions was done as per the CCC as well as the ACT/ RCPCH classification system.
Results: Mean age in our study was 5.15 years and there was slighter male (59.5%) preponderance. They presented in OPD’s with acute symptoms such as fatigue and fever & they had other symptoms like tightness of body, constipation, seizures and difficulty in swallowing. Majority of the children (55%) were suffering from neurologic and neuromuscular conditions as per CCC followed by hematologic and immunologic conditions (10%). Category 4 (Irreversible but non- progressive conditions causing severe disability, leading to susceptibility to health) was reported as most common category according to the ACT/RCPCH.
Conclusion: Childrensuffering from chronic disease conditions requiring palliative care usually suffer from multiple symptoms which affect their daily life. As most of the patients belong to category 4 according to ACT/RCPCH which is irreversible but non-progressive life limiting condition, the course of disease is prolonged; therefore requiring comprehensive care & services for long time. It is necessary to establish more pediatric palliative care units to address the needs of such children.