bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de ecuaciones alometricas sobre ArcGis para el cálculo de biomasa: Aplicación para la medición de la biomasa del Pinus Halepensis Mill de la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: Peris-Fajarnés Guillermo , Aparisi-Navarro Silvia , Lengua Lengua Ismael , Moncho-Santonja María
Published: October 2020

La medición de la biomasa es clave para la planificación, gestión y estimación de los recursos biológicos de una determinada zona. Éstos se encuentran relacionados directamente con los aspectos medioambientales de la zona analizada. En la actualidad el proceso de estimación o medición de la biomasa se realiza a partir de los datos recogidos en campo,  sumado a una serie de operaciones posteriores que consumen una gran cantidad de tiempo y recursos manuales pese al uso de herramientas como las hojas de cálculo. En este trabajo precisamente se integran las experiencias y procedimientos de cálculo de biomasa de autores como Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado dentro del conocido software ArcGis. Se ha desarrollado una herramienta en el entorno de este software para la automatización de la estimación de biomasa del Pinus halepensis Mill a partir de ecuaciones alométricas y datos del Inventario Forestal Nacional (IFN), ya que es una especie muy representativa de la Comunidad Valenciana, figurando como especie dominante en el 62 por ciento de la superficie arbolada de la misma. Esta herramienta, permitirá un ahorro de tiempo considerable para la obtención del dato, y su adaptación para el cálculo de biomasa de otras especies.  El resultado de ésta herramienta es una tabla base de datos, cuya unidad mínima es la parcela forestal (según el IFN) de la cual obtenemos los datos de: recuento de Pinos carrascos de la parcela, pies por hectárea, alturas máximas y medias, área basimétrica, indicé de Hart-Becking y biomasa en kg por hectárea y toneladas por hectárea.
Perceptions and behaviour of cruise tourists during their visit to a port of call
Authors: Sanz-Blas Silvia , Buzova Daniela , Garrigos-Simon Fernando J.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the present research is to assess the perceptions of authenticity and crowding of cruise tourists visiting a port of call and its influence on their future behavioural intentions. The research was carried out in the city of Valencia, because it is one of the main Spanish cruise ports and is a representative city of the Mediterranean ports of call for the cruise business. A total of 467 valid interviews were obtained. For the analysis of data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 22.0) was used. The findings reveal that Valencia is perceived as an authentic destination with moderate levels of human and spatial crowding. The analysis also demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between the assessed perceptions and the post-visit behavioural intentions, although, in the case of crowding, the association varies depending on the nature of crowding.
Postural behavior of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range
Authors: Urbani Bernardo , Youlatos Dionisios , Kowalewski Martín M.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Sleep is the longest and most continuous behavioral phase in the 24 h cycle of mammals. However, selection of postures, substrates, and tree parts during sleep has not been adequately explored, as well as their evolutionary consequences. The present study investigates postural behavior, substrate, and tree part use during sleep in three howler species (A. palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) in Nicaragua, French Guiana, and Argentina. All three species were consistent in the use of a crouched ball-like sit-in posture on large, horizontal, unramified, or bifurcated substrates, and in avoiding the periphery of tree crowns. The regularities of these sleeping patterns are very likely functionally associated with protection from potential predators and extreme weather conditions, biomechanical stability, thermoregulation, and enhancement of the digestive process of hard-to-decompose plant material.
LibKey Nomad
Authors: Hoy Matthew B.
Published: October 2020

LibKey Nomad is a browser extension that quickly finds full-text copies of journal article portable document format files (PDFs) as users browse the Internet.
Bring the past to the future: adapting stereoscope images for use in the Oculus Go
Authors: Ogdon Dorothy C. , Crumpton Stefanie
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this project was to explore methods for adapting images originally created for the analog stereoscope to use in contemporary virtual reality headsets. The Alabama Museum of the Health Sciences holds in its collections a set of medical images for the stereoscope published by Dr. S.I. Rainforth in 1910. We scanned 3 stereoscope cards from the collection at a resolution of 1200 dots per inch, then adapted the images for use in virtual reality using Adobe Photoshop and Unity. We successfully created a working application for the Oculus Go that displays the images stereoscopically in the headset. The current application allows only static display of the images. Our next steps in developing this project will be to add images from the collection to the virtual reality application, optimize parameters related to image display, and develop scripting that would allow users to dynamically select images from the collection. More information on this project is available on the Alabama Museum of the Health Sciences Virtual Exhibits website, and a short video demonstration is available on Vimeo.Virtual Projects are published on an annual basis in the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) following an annual call for virtual projects in MLAConnect and announcements to encourage submissions from all types of libraries. An advisory committee of recognized technology experts selects project entries based on their currency, innovation, and contribution to health sciences librarianship.
OpenStreetMap mapathons support critical data and visual literacy instruction
Authors: McGowan Bethany Sheriese
Published: October 2020

OpenStreetMap (OSM) mapathons can offer a learner-centered means for critical data literacy and visual literacy instruction. Mapathons have been used as coordinated humanitarian mapping events in which participants use geographic information system (GIS) data and satellite imagery to create open-source maps for humanitarian support. Visual mapping is an effective learning activity because it encourages students to use big data to create a deliverable—an open-source map—that allows instructors to engage learners in data literacy and visual literacy at the highest cognitive level.Virtual Projects are published on an annual basis in the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) following an annual call for virtual projects in MLAConnect and announcements to encourage submissions from all types of libraries. An advisory committee of recognized technology experts selects project entries based on their currency, innovation, and contribution to health sciences librarianship.
The state of the journal: the Journal of the Medical Library Association in 2020
Authors: Akers Katherine G. , Barr-Walker Jill , Amos Kathleen
Published: October 2020

As the premier journal in health sciences librarianship, the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) continuously strives to publish high-quality work that advances research and practice and to provide irreplaceable value for readers, authors, and reviewers. This editorial reflects on the state of JMLA in 2020 by describing our editorial team and volume of submissions, highlighting recent initiatives that strengthen the journal’s position in the profession, and sharing future plans to enrich JMLA’s content and promote open science. Committed to ending structural racism and other inequities in the field, we also issue an ongoing call for submissions pertaining to social justice and critical perspectives on health sciences librarianship.
Recipes for Mindfulness in Your Library: Supporting Resilience and Community Engagement
Authors: Meeks Kim K.
Published: October 2020

Recipes for Mindfulness in Your Library: Supporting Resilience and Community Engagement offers insightful information not only for librarians, but also for anyone who is looking to provide mindfulness programming to groups or organizations and for those who want to find ways to improve themselves through mindfulness techniques.
The National Library of Medicine Global Health Events web archive, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic collecting
Authors: Speaker Susan L. , Moffatt Christie
Published: October 2020

Since January 30, 2020, when the World Health Organization declared the SARS CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) to be a public health emergency of international concern, the National Library of Medicine’s (NLM’s) Web Collecting and Archiving Working Group has been collecting a broad range of web-based content about the emerging pandemic for preservation in an Internet archive. Like NLM’s other Global Health Events web collections, this content will have enduring value as a multifaceted historical record for future study and understanding of this event. This article describes the scope of the COVID-19 project; some of the content captured from websites, blogs, and social media; collecting criteria and methods; and related COVID-19 collecting efforts by other groups. The growing collection—2,500 items as of June 30, 2020—chronicles the many facets of the pandemic: epidemiology; vaccine and drug research; disease control measures and resistance to them; effects of the pandemic on health care institutions and workers, education, commerce, and many aspects of social life; effects for especially vulnerable groups; role of health disparities in infection and mortality; and recognition of racism as a public health emergency.
Health sciences librarians supporting health and nutrition education in a culinary medicine curriculum
Authors: Lemley Trey , Fenske Rachel Finch
Published: October 2020

Background: Culinary medicine is an innovative approach to teaching health sciences students and other health professionals the basics of healthy eating, food preparation, and nutrition through applied instruction. It is hoped these professionals will, in turn, share their knowledge with patients. The University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute licensed the Tulane University’s Goldring Center for Culinary Medicine curriculum and began teaching medical, nursing, and other health sciences students as well as community members in 2017. The authors describe a collaboration between librarians and health professionals to connect with underserved community members by teaching the basics of good nutrition and healthy meal preparation.Case Presentation: Two health sciences librarians provided instruction to community members in the use of quality health information resources during various modules of the culinary medicine curriculum. Demonstrations of the use of MedlinePlus and ChooseMyPlate were conducted using topics from module content. Evaluations were distributed after each module to evaluate the effectiveness of the library component, the results of which enabled librarians to subsequently increase their instruction time and implement iPad use for more engaging participation.Conclusion: Librarians were seen as invaluable partners in this innovative program and became an integral part of the curriculum. Evaluation results helped librarians advocate for more instructional time. As a result of their involvement, librarians were given additional outreach opportunities to educate younger populations at risk of developing chronic health diseases.
Which are the most sensitive search filters to identify randomized controlled trials in MEDLINE?
Authors: Glanville Julie , Kotas Eleanor , Featherstone Robin , Dooley Gordon
Published: October 2020

Objective: The Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews contains search filters to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Ovid MEDLINE: one maximizing sensitivity and another balancing sensitivity and precision. These filters were originally published in 1994 and were adapted and updated in 2008. To determine the performance of these filters, the authors tested them and thirty-six other MEDLINE filters against a large new gold standard set of relevant records.Methods: We identified a gold standard set of RCT reports published in 2016 from the Cochrane CENTRAL database of controlled clinical trials. We retrieved the records in Ovid MEDLINE and combined these with each RCT filter. We calculated their sensitivity, relative precision, and f-scores.Results: The gold standard comprised 27,617 records. MEDLINE searches were run on July 16, 2019. The most sensitive RCT filter was Duggan et al. (sensitivity=0.99). The Cochrane sensitivity-maximizing RCT filter had a sensitivity of 0.96 but was more precise than Duggan et al. (0.14 compared to 0.04 for Duggan). The most precise RCT filters had 0.97 relative precision and 0.83 sensitivity.Conclusions: The Cochrane Ovid MEDLINE sensitivity-maximizing RCT filter can continue to be used by Cochrane reviewers and to populate CENTRAL, as it has very high sensitivity and a slightly better precision relative to more sensitive filters. The results of this study, which used a very large gold standard to compare the performance of all known RCT filters, allows searchers to make better informed decisions about which filters to use for their work.
Educational interventions to improve literature searching skills in the health sciences: a scoping review
Authors: Hirt Julian , Nordhausen Thomas , Meichlinger Jasmin , Braun Volker , Zeller Adelheid , Meyer Gabriele
Published: October 2020

Objective: The authors reviewed educational interventions for improving literature searching skills in the health sciences.Methods: We performed a scoping review of experimental and quasi-experimental studies published in English and German, irrespective of publication year. Targeted outcomes were objectively measurable literature searching skills (e.g., quality of search strategy, study retrieval, precision). The search methods consisted of searching databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science), tracking citations, free web searching, and contacting experts. Two reviewers performed screening and data extraction. To evaluate the completeness of reporting, the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) was applied.Results: We included 6 controlled trials and 8 pre-post trials from the 8,484 references that we screened. Study participants were students in various health professions and physicians. The educational formats of the interventions varied. Outcomes clustered into 2 categories: (1) developing search strategies (e.g., identifying search concepts, selecting databases, applying Boolean operators) and (2) database searching skills (e.g., searching PubMed, MEDLINE, or CINAHL). In addition to baseline and post-intervention measurement, 5 studies reported follow-up. Almost all studies adequately described their intervention procedures and delivery but did not provide access to the educational material. The expertise of the intervention facilitators was described in only 3 studies.Conclusions: The results showed a wide range of study populations, interventions, and outcomes. Studies often lacked information about educational material and facilitators’ expertise. Further research should focus on intervention effectiveness using controlled study designs and long-term follow-up. To ensure transparency, replication, and comparability, studies should rigorously describe their intervention. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
Influence of library relocation and marketing: examining zip codes and health disparities to serve consumers in East Tennessee
Authors: Petersen David W. , Earl Martha , Watson Cameron , Grabeel Kelsey
Published: October 2020

Background: In 2014, the Preston Medical Library underwent a radical change, moving from an academic office building to the main floor of a regional medical center. While the library had previously served the public, health information requests have substantially increased in volume due to the new location. Researchers analyzed request data to see if the service’s reach has expanded to counties that previously had not used the service, to see which counties have requested the most health information, and to ascertain whether more requests are from counties with higher poverty rates.Case Presentation: Each health information request is logged with the subject nature and patron contact information. Consumer health request data were downloaded from the library database. Names and other identifying data were removed. Request forms were sorted and reviewed by zip code and county, comparing number of requests as well as poverty levels. Tableau was utilized to create maps, visually showing patron concentrations and poverty levels.Conclusions: There were 3,141 health information requests from September 21, 2014, to May 31, 2019. The majority of requests were from local counties. Requests were also received from counties that had not been previously reached and counties with elevated poverty levels. Collecting data on patron interactions is not only critical for institutional reporting, but also for community outreach. Understanding that data require taking additional steps to filter the information, assess local demographics, and customize library services. Researchers anticipate being able to better tailor services to the community based on the results.
Golia di Beppe Fenoglio: lingue e Resistenza
Authors: Torrent Davide
Published: October 2020

In questo contributo viene esaminato il racconto Golia di Beppe Fenoglio con l’obiettivo di individuare particolari scelte linguistiche e stilistiche finalizzate alla rappresentazione della comunicazione tra italiani e tedeschi. In particolare, si analizza l’uso del tedesco da parte degli italiani e viceversa. Grande risalto, inoltre, è dato ai procedimenti di semplificazione linguistica tipica dei discenti di una lingua sconosciuta. Dopo un confronto con altri testi di argomento simile, l’analisi si chiude con alcune proposte interpretative circa le scelte linguistiche determinate dalla concezione fenogliana della Resistenza.
Ma propone y però dispone: Algo más que aumento de intensidad
Authors: Ángeles Patricia , Maldonado Soto Ricardo
Published: October 2020

La tradición gramatical italiana ha sostenido que ma y però son intercambiables en la zona de adversatividad parcial, puesto que la única diferencia entre ellos es la fuerza adversativa (De Mauro 2000). Apoyados en la Teoría de la argumentación (Anscombre / Ducrot 1983), la Gramática cognoscitiva y la Teoría de la subjetivización (Langacker 1985) proponemos que ambas conjunciones operan en contextos distintos y designan significados diferenciables (relacionados con la restricción en el caso de ma, y la objeción en el caso de però) y con activaciones pragmáticas distintas que rebasan la generalmente reconocida diferencia de intensidad. Los nexos contrastan en términos de alcance (scope) restringido para ma, amplio para però. Con base en la observación de 600 casos de però (oral), mostraremos que este se centra en soportes informativos más amplios que los de ma. El scope de però incorpora la relación de los participantes tanto del evento como de la interacción discursiva y resalta la mirada (auto)-evaluativa del hablante, quien recupera todas las asociaciones relacionadas con el evento. Ma opera con un scope restringido. La subjetividad de però presupone un scope abierto que licencia la incorporación de inferencias de corte enciclopédico asociadas al mundo del hablante y eventualmente del oyente, que están fuera del alcance de ma.
Libri, lettere, scritte e testamenti: magia e pericoli della scrittura nelle raccolte di racconti popolari siciliani dell’Ottocento
Authors: Sanfilippo Marina
Published: October 2020

In questo lavoro analizzo la presenza multiforme di elementi e riferimenti al mondo della scrittura in racconti siciliani orali raccolti tra la seconda metà del XIX secolo e i primissimi anni del XX, con il duplice scopo di, in primo luogo, sottolineare il complesso rapporto esistente tra oralità e scrittura e, in secondo luogo, capire quali funzioni e caratteristiche attribuirono allo scritto la cultura popolare e i suoi interpreti, per lo meno nel contesto preso in esame.
Madama Pace cumple cien años: a vueltas con Seis personajes en busca de autor 1921-2021
Authors: De Miguel y Canuto Juan Carlos
Published: October 2020

En la conmemoración del primer centenario de Seis personajes en busca de autor (1921), de Luigi Pirandello, se analizan sus núcleos semánticos más relevantes. Tras breves menciones a su cartelera inmediata en el tiempo, incluidas Barcelona y Madrid, se señalan las dos variantes textuales principales de autor (1921, 1925) y el Prefacio de la segunda. Se aborda el personaje aparentemente secundario, pero en realidad clave, de Madama Pace, que está vinculado a una serie de preguntas y cuestiones medulares (teatro / vida / arte, Actores / Personajes, realidad / ficción…) a las que se intenta dar respuesta, buscando el sentido último de esta obra maestra, necesariamente inserto en su contexto histórico y artístico.
AIDS infrastructures, queer networks: Architecting the critical path
Authors: Lubin Joan , Vaccaro Jeanne
Published: October 2020

This essay pursues how HIV/AIDS and digital media transform one another’s historiographies. Working with the archive of activist Kiyoshi Kuromiya (1943–2000), the essay considers the role of AIDS organizing in the history of the Internet, and in establishing recursive relations between media formats. Kuromiya’s early adoption of Internet technology centered the needs of people living with HIV/AIDS, incarcerated people, and people of color to access vital information for community formation and survival. Tracing the unlikely collaboration between Kuromiya and techno-futurist architect R. Buckminster Fuller (1885–1983), which culminated in Kuromiya’s founding of the Critical Path AIDS Project, this essay interrogates the term “adjuvant,” which Fuller borrowed from immunological discourse to describe their co-authorship. Anchored in a critical engagement with the metaphor of the adjuvant — an agent aiding immunological response — this essay elaborates the digital infrastructures underwriting a blueprint for community building, offering a prehistory of digital queer care networks. In conclusion, the essay meditates on the role of curation in theorizing the temporality of AIDS and its ongoing histories.
Reclaiming HIV/AIDS in digital media studies
Authors: Cifor Marika , McKinney Cait
Published: October 2020

This article puts forward an argument for the importance of HIV/AIDS to digital studies, focusing, focusing on the North American context. Tracing conjoined histories and presents makes clear that an HIV-informed approach to digital media studies offers methods for attuning to marginalized media practices that should be central to interrogating the politics, relations, and aesthetics of digital media. Artist Kia LaBeija’s #Undetectable (2016) is closely analyzed in order to explicate some of HIV’s potential resonances for digital studies, including viral media and justice-based responses to surveillance. We then propose a methodological framework for centering HIV in understandings of three key concepts for the field: (1) networks; (2) social media and platforms; and, (3) digital history. We argue that HIV-positive users bring expertise to navigating digital infrastructures that can surveil and harm while also facilitating pleasure and connection. Such tension provides models of response that publics need to insist upon more just digital tools and structures for our unfolding present.
As mídias sociais na prática do professor
Authors: De Paulo Moura Késsia Mileny , Oliveira de Carvalho Luciele
Published: October 2020

As novas tecnologias digitais modificam não só a visão de mundo de seus usuários, mas também as suas habilidades cognitivas, instaurando novas relações sociais e formas de

aprender. Este trabalho é sobre a utilização de mídias sociais, especificamente as redes sociais, em favor do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, e sobre como o professor se vale

destas ferramentas em sua prática pedagógica. Por se constituir um espaço de interação e compartilhamento de informações e conhecimentos entre diferentes usuários, as redes sociais vêm se tornando cada vez mais significativas na vida das pessoas e uma prática bastante comum na sociedade tecnológica. Partindo desses enunciados, definiu-se como objetivo geral investigar a utilização das redes sociais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem mais interativo e colaborativo. Para tanto, foram aplicados questionários com 45 alunos e realizada entrevista com uma professora de uma turma de ensino médio de uma escola particular de Imperatriz (MA). As possibilidades de ensino são multiplicadas quando se utilizam essas ferramentas digitais, e, com o estudo de caso, foi possível constatar a presença, a aceitação e o potencial da utilização das redes sociais no desenvolvimento de competências nos alunos.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Learning, Vol. 9, No. 5
Authors: Lin Grace
Published: October 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Learning, Vol. 9, No. 5, 2020
Construções sustentáveis: aplicações para a cidade de Uberaba - MG
Authors: Franco Maria Antonia Macedo , De Sousa Joyce Silvestre
Published: October 2020

Objetivo do Estudo: Indicar possíveis adequações para construções sustentáveis na cidade de Uberaba/MG, auxiliando em escolhas de alternativas para uma melhor qualidade ambiental do meio urbano. Foram elencados a percolação, o retardo e infiltração de águas pluviais e telhados com cobertura verde.Metodologia/Abordagem: Tanto as metrópoles quanto as cidades do interior do nosso País estão enfrentando vários problemas ambientais, demonstrando a necessidade de se repensar sua configuração urbana, colocando como desafio ao conjunto do poder público e privado a necessidade de garantir uma cidade sustentável nos aspectos ambiental, social e econômico. Devido a esse desequilíbrio no tripé da sustentabilidade, as instituições públicas e privadas buscaram a criação de planos e ações voltadas ao macro e micro ambiente em que a sociedade está inserida, como, por exemplo, as Agendas Sustentáveis. Além disso, contam com o auxílio de sistemas e dispositivos sustentáveis na redução do consumo de recursos naturais e diminuição dos impactos ambientais.Originalidade/Relevância: Por meio de revisões de literaturas buscamos indicadores como sugestão para a sustentabilidade que possam se enquadrar para a malha urbana de Uberaba, obtendo como resultado algumas análises locais e contrastando com os estudos sobre sustentabilidade.Resultados: Foi observada a presença de ações que auxiliam na sustentabilidade e se mostram como alternativas sustentáveis tanto para o governo quanto para a própria comunidade, como, por exemplo, nas de vias e calçadas: o aumento das áreas permeáveis e da infiltração para diminuição da percolação em período de chuvas.Contribuições teórico-metodológicas: Os resultados deste estudo identificam como pequenas mudanças locais nas residências e na área coletiva urbana podem auxiliar para a minimização de danos causados por catástrofes urbanas, que surgem por meio de uma intervenção humana sem estudo adequado do meio, sugerindo contribuições para o aumento da qualidade ambiental da cidade.Conclusão: O uso do pavimento de blocos de concreto intertravados foi o indicador escolhido para sugestão de sustentabilidade. Apesar da análise econômica não ser totalmente viável, devido ao elevado custo do pavimento de concreto para o passeio, levando-se em conta o critério de desempenho para auxílio da percolação de água pluvial, sua escolha é a mais assertiva. No quesito sustentabilidade, são necessários vários critérios de escolha para cada ação específica.
Processing of Genetic Data under GDPR: Unresolved Conflict of Interests
Authors: Sukhorolskyi Petro , Hutsaliuk Valeriia
Published: October 2020

Over the last decades, developments in the fields of genetics and bioinformatics caused a marked increase in the processing of human genetic data by various companies and institutions. This results in the adoption of several international documents and the emergence of legal norms on the protection of genetic data. The paper examines how and to what extent the interests and rights of the data subject with regard to the processing of genetic data are protected in the European Union. It is concluded that under the GDPR this task is implemented through classifying genetic data as sensitive, reliance on anonymisation and pseudonymisation, as well as introduction of the procedure of data protection impact assessment. Nevertheless, given the unique characteristics of genetic data distinguishing them from other categories of personal data, these measures cannot be regarded as sufficient and effective. The paper argues that current EU data protection legislation creates favourable conditions for genetic research, thereby ensuring particular public interests, but does not establish a special regime for genetic data processing appropriate to potential threats in this field and risks to the rights of data subjects.
Law Applicable to Liability for Damages due to Traffic Accidents Involving Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Swierczynski Marek , Żarnowiec Łukasz
Published: October 2020

The authors examine the problem of the law applicable to liability for damages due to traffic accidents involving autonomous vehicles. Existing conflict-of-laws regulation adopted in the Rome II Regulation and both Hague Conventions of 1971 and 1973 is criticized. Upon examination of these legal instruments, it becomes clear that existing regulation is very complex and complicated. In effect authors recommend revisions to the legal framework. Proposed solutions are balanced and take into consideration both the interests of the injured persons, as well the persons claimed to be liable. New approach allows for more individual consideration of specific cases and direct to better outcome of the disputes. The findings may be useful in handling the cases related to use of algorithms of artificial intelligence in private international law.
Electronic Evidence in Intellectual Property Disputes under the Council of Europe’s Guidelines
Authors: Swierczynski Marek , Jokubauskas Remigijus
Published: October 2020

On 30 January 2019 the Council of Europe adopted guidelines on electronic evidence in civil and administrative law accompanied by the Explanatory Memorandum. The authors summarize and analyse this soft law instrument with respect to intellectual property (hereinafter “IP”) disputes. They explain why its creation is important for the proper administration of justice and how it addresses and reflects technological developments, new business models and evolving case-law. Several conclusions have been identified regarding how use of the Guidelines will address current practical problems for courts in IP disputes. Both authors took active part in the preparatory works and believe it is in the interest of justice and effective IP protection that these guidelines are publicly available in the member states and widely disseminated among professionals dealing with electronic evidence.
Kant über Sein und Zeit und Denken und Sein. Selbsterkenntnis durch Selbstaffektion
Authors: Enskat R.
Published: October 2020

In the Cartesian tradition of discussing the structure of the micro-judgement “I think” Kant‘s treatment deserves extraordinary attention. Under the idiomatic heading of self-affection he delivers a micro-analysis of this judgment, contributing in a unique way to the clarification of a singular case of self-knowledge: In this case the thinking subject 1. thematises the act of judging “I think” by conferring on this act the specific logical, categorical form, 2. intuits this act under the temporal form of successively using “I ...” as subject and “… think” as predicate, 3. identifies him-/herself — at the same time — with the subject logically structuring this act as well as with the subject intuiting the successively existing subject of this judging act, and 4. recognises him-/herself as identical in these two different cognitive roles. By this very analysis Kant shows that the eminent micro-judgement-act “I think” has the complex, though paradigmatic substructure of each human subject recog­nising his/her identity as thinking / judging and temporally existing while thinking / judging.
The Problem of the Relationship between Apperception, Self-Consciousness and Consciousness in Kant’s Critical Philosophy
Authors: Andriianov I. E.
Published: October 2020

Kant does not provide clear-cut definitions of apperception, consciousness, and self-consciousness and everywhere uses these terms as synonyms, which creates the problem of the relationship between these faculties. The importance of this problem stems from the colossal significance of each of the above-mentioned faculties which are intimately connected with Kant’s formulation of the key tasks of transcendental philosophy. The prime task is to discover the categories of understanding and to prove the legitimacy of their use, a task that is further complicated by the difference between the editions of the Critique of Pure Reason in terms of the argumentation in the section on the deduction of categories and Kant’s concept of apperception. Accordingly, the author seeks to clarify the purpose of each of the above-mentioned faculties and to establish their inter-relationship. To this end the author analyses the functional roles of consciousness, self-consciousness and apperception in solving the main tasks of the first Critique. It turns out that consciousness is a reflexive cognitive capacity which provides access to representations in our soul and allows us to distinguish them and to connect them. Self-consciousness is the mode of the functioning of consciousness which makes it possible to study three objects of consciousness: internal and external representations of the subject, the synthetic activity of understanding and our soul. Apperception is the Latin synonym of the concept of Selbstbewußtsein and is aimed at studying the unity of our representations. Because Kant distinguishes multiple kinds of unity, there are different names for apperception. Kant uses the concept of Apperzeption as a synonym of self-consciousness because his concept of consciousness follows the Leibniz-Wolffian tradition.
Design de uma proposta participativa comunicacional, didática e cultural no contexto do ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Miklos Jorge , Iuama Tadeu Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo objetiva discutir as características pertinentes para o desenvolvimentode um modelo participativo nos âmbitos comunicacional, didático e cultural. Para isso, fazuso da pesquisa bibliográfica, orientada por um olhar fenomenológico, ressonante com umaforma de expressão ensaística. Toma como aporte olhares distintos, dos quais se destacamMartin Buber, Paulo Freire, Juan Bustos, Vicente Romano, Victor Ventosa, Kristoffer Haggrene Vilém Flusser – este último, responsável pela lente teórica pela qual olhamos para os processosde design. Como resultados, indica a necessidade de uma comunicação dialógicae horizontalizada, pautada por um modelo que eduque para a participação, celebrante doengajamento e da discussão dos acordos e dos estímulos necessários para os contextos deensino-aprendizagem.
Kulturudvikling gennem strategisk kompetenceudvikling - KUSK
Authors: Sørensen Dorrit , Bloch Rene Nordin , Theibel Jørgen , Jensen Henrik Hersom
Published: October 2020

Kulturudvikling gennem strategisk kompetenceudvikling, forkortet KUSK, samles her i et koncept, der skal give ledere og lærere på erhvervsskolerne inspiration og ideer til at samarbejde og samskabe om pædagogisk og didaktisk udvikling.Kultur er det, vi gør i organisationen - på godt og ondt. Kultur er måden, vi samarbejder på, måden vi taler sammen, sproget vi anvender og hvordan vi forstår alt det, der rammesætter en organisation – det være sig organisering, strategi, handleplaner, målinger, evalueringer, budgetter og regnskaber, med mere. Grundlaget for at forstå kulturudvikling i sammenhæng med uddannelsesudvikling er, at det er noget, som skabes i samspil mellem de aktører, der er involveret.Tilgangen til kulturudvikling i dette koncept handler om at skabe en kultur i fællesskab ved at have forestillinger om, hvordan en praksis fremadrettet skal tage sig ud - og for hvem - og så få forestillingen om en fremtidig praksis til at blive til virkelighed. Vi benævner det ”kulturudvikling gennem samskabelse ”, altså, at man skaber en praksis sammen gennem fremadrettet handling og løbende refleksion over handlinger.Kulturudvikling er i denne forståelse forbundet med uddannelsesudvikling, hvilket betyder, at det er måden, vi udvikler praksis på og anvender vores kompetencer i den sammenhæng, som er genstand for denne tilgang. Formålet er at skabe veje til kulturforandringer på skoler, gennem en eksperimenterende tilgang samt fornyelse af den måde ledere og lærere samarbejder om udvikling af nye pædagogiske og didaktiske initiativer i forbindelse til undervisningen.Bæredygtig kulturudvikling bygger på nedenstående antagelser:At dilemmaer har et stort læringspotentialeAt samarbejde mellem ledere og lærere om udvikling forstærker muligheden for kulturforandringerAt formel kompetenceudvikling skal kobles til skole- og praksisudviklingAt udviklingsarbejde skal skabe meget mere værdi for den eksisterende praksis
Lærerstuderendes valg af undervisningsfag med fokus på valg af ”natur/teknologi”, ”biologi”, ”geografi” og ”fysik/kemi”
Authors: Hyllested Trine
Published: October 2020

Flere unge i Danmark skal vælge en naturfaglig ungdomsuddannelse. Danmark har brug for veluddannede personer med kompetencer inden for de naturvidenskabelige fagområder. Dels er det vigtigt at uddanne borgere, der kan være med til at afgøre fremtidige naturfaglige og teknologiske spørgsmål, dels er det vigtigt at kunne forsyne Danmarks virksomheder med uddannet arbejdskraft. Sidst, men ikke mindst er naturfag et spændende fagligt felt, som giver stor personlig tilfredsstillelse at beskæftige sig med
Słownictwo tiuremno-łagrowe dotyczące denuncjacji (w kontekście rozważań o faktograficznej wartości historyzmów okresu sowieckiego)
Authors: Pacuła Jarosław Grzegorz
Published: October 2020

W artykule odniesiono się do zagadnienia polszczyzny tiuremno-łagrowej. Autor skupił się na prezentacji słownictwa należącego do kategorii tematycznej „denuncjacja”. Materiał wyekscerpowano z polskojęzycznych relacji i wspomnień Polaków przebywających w więzieniach i obozach sowieckich. Na jego podstawie zaprezentowano faktograficzny charakter leksyki – dosadnego dowodu zbrodniczego systemu totalitarnego, mechanizmów nim rządzących. W tekście omówiono źródła poszczególnych historyzmów (z reguły będących pożyczkami z ruszczyzny), ich sensy zilustrowano cytatami ze wspomnień więźniarskich. Wywodowi językoznawczemu towarzyszą komentarze odnoszące się do społeczno-politycznych uwarunkowań zachowań językowych w okresie stalinowskim i związanych z donosicielstwem. Autor zwrócił uwagę na fakt, że postawy więźniów są wiernym odzwierciedleniem działań i ich motywacji spotykanych w świecie pozawięziennym i pozaobozowym.
Low-cost air pollution monitoring system—an opportunity for reducing the health risk associated with physical activity in polluted air
Authors: Nieckarz Zenon , Zoladz Jerzy A.
Published: October 2020

The issue of air pollution by particulate matter (PM) concerns many places in the world. At the same time, many residents undertake physical activity (recreation, rehabilitation, sport) in the open air. Generally, the amount of dust concentration depends on both the place (center or periphery of the city) and the time of day. In the present study we describe the outcome of monitoring of the state of air pollution by particle matter (PM10) in the Kraków agglomeration area in order to show that it can provide information concerning air quality in the area where people practice varied kinds of sports in the open air. The measurements of PM10 have been made by a few stations with identical construction working as one network. The details of the air pollution monitoring system and its data quality verification have been described. The network stations made multipoint observations across the Kraków Metropolitan Area during the year 2017 in eight locations. The locations selected represent a diverse spectrum of terrain conditions in which the Kraków agglomeration community undertakes physical activity. For most months of 2017, the minimum monthly average 4-hour PM10 concentrations were recorded between 10–14 h, regardless of location, whereas the maximum was between 18–22. We also noticed a huge differences in the average monthly value of PM10 in some locations within the Kraków agglomeration—ranging between 4.9–339.0 µg m−3. This indicates that some regions of the city are more suitable for performance of physical activity in the open air than others. In conclusion, we postulate that a low-cost air pollution monitoring system is capable of providing valuable information concerning air quality in a given region, which seems to be of importance also to people who practice varied sports activities in the open air.
Differential effects of cisplatin on cybrid cells with varying mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
Authors: Abedi Sina , Yung Gregory , Atilano Shari R. , Thaker Kunal , Chang Steven , Chwa Marilyn , Schneider Kevin , Udar Nitin , Bota Daniela , Kenney M. Cristina
Published: October 2020

Background

Drug therapy yields different results depending on its recipient population. Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent, causes different levels of resistance and side effects for different patients, but the mechanism(s) are presently unknown. It has been assumed that this variation is a consequence of differences in nuclear (n) DNA, epigenetics, or some external factor(s). There is accumulating evidence that an individual’s mitochondrial (mt) DNA may play a role in their response to medications. Variations within mtDNA can be observed, and an individual’s mtDNA can be categorized into haplogroups that are defined by accumulations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing different ethnic populations.

Methods

The present study was conducted on transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) that possess different maternal-origin haplogroup mtDNA from African (L), Hispanic [A+B], or Asian (D) backgrounds. Cybrids were created by fusing Rho0 ARPE-19 cells (lacking mtDNA) with platelets, which contain numerous mitochondria but no nuclei. These cybrid cells were cultured to passage five, treated with cisplatin, incubated for 48 h, then analyzed for cell metabolic activity (tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay), mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1 assay), cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay), and gene expression levels forALK,BRCA1,EGFR, andERBB2/HER2.

Results

Results indicated that untreated cybrids with varying mtDNA haplogroups had similar relative metabolic activity before cisplatin treatment. When treated with cisplatin, (1) the decline in metabolic activity was greatest in L (27.4%,p < 0.012) < D (24.86%,p = 0.0001) and [A+B] cybrids (24.67%,p = 0.0285) compared to untreated cybrids; (2) mitochondrial membrane potential remained unchanged in all cybrids (3) LDH production varied between cybrids (L >[A+B],p = 0.0270). (4) The expression levels decreased forALKin L (p < 0.0001) and [A+B] (p = 0.0001) cybrids but not in D cybrids (p = 0.285); and decreased forEGFRin [A+B] cybrids (p = 0.0246) compared to untreated cybrids.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that an individual’s mtDNA background may be associated with variations in their response to cisplatin treatment, thereby affecting the efficiency and the severity of side effects from the treatment.
Connectivity of bacterial assemblages along the Loa River in the Atacama Desert, Chile
Authors: Zárate Ana , Dorador Cristina , Araya Ruben , Guajardo Mariela , Z. Florez July , Icaza Gonzalo , Cornejo Diego , Valdés Jorge
Published: October 2020

The Loa River is the only perennial artery that crosses the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. It plays an important role in the ecological and economic development of the most water-stressed region, revealing the impact of the mining industry, which exacerbate regional water shortages for many organisms and ecological processes. Despite this, the river system has remained understudied. To our knowledge, this study provides the first effort to attempt to compare the microbial communities at spatial scale along the Loa River, as well as investigate the physicochemical factors that could modulate this important biological component that still remains largely unexplored. The analysis of the spatial bacterial distribution and their interconnections in the water column and sediment samples from eight sites located in three sections along the river catchment (upper, middle and lower) was conducted using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Among a total of 543 ASVs identified at the family level, over 40.5% were cosmopolitan in the river and distributed within a preference pattern by the sediment substrate with 162 unique ASVs, while only 87 were specific to the column water. Bacterial diversity gradually decreased from the headwaters, where the upper section had the largest number of unique families. Distinct groupings of bacterial communities often associated with anthropogenic disturbance, including Burkholderiaceae and Flavobacteriaceae families were predominant in the less-impacted upstream section. Members of the Arcobacteraceae and Marinomonadaceae were prominent in the agriculturally and mining-impacted middle sector while Rhodobacteraceae and Coxiellaceae were most abundant families in downstream sites. Such shifts in the community structure were also related to the influence of salinity, chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen and redox potential. Network analyses corroborated the strong connectivity and modular structure of bacterial communities across this desert river, shedding light on taxonomic relatedness of co-occurring species and highlighting the need for planning the integral conservation of this basin.
A simple method for the genetic identification of commercially important species in the Opisthonema genus Gill, 1861 in the southern Gulf of California
Authors: Pérez-Quiñonez Carlos Iván , Quiñonez-Velázquez Casimiro , García-Rodríguez Francisco Javier
Published: October 2020

The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to identify 3 species in the genus Opisthonema (Opisthonema bulleri, Opisthonema medirastre, and Opisthonema libertate) in the southern Gulf of California. Two specific primer pairs were designed to amplify the COI mitochondrial gene and 3 restriction enzymes (HpaII, RsaI, and AvaII) were selected to compare the RFLP patterns among the species. Different polymorphism levels were detected among samples. Easily analyzed specific restriction profiles were created, which differentiated unequivocally among the 3 target species. The approach undertaken here using PCR-RFLP is relatively cheap, fast, and robust, providing a useful technique for the identification of species in the genus Opisthonema.
LEITURA, ESCRITA E VIDA PROFISSIONAL APÓS A PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO: RECONHECIMENTO DO IMPACTO DA FORMAÇÃO POR EGRESSOS EM EDUCAÇÃO, LINGUAGEM E PSICOLOGIA (2007-2017)
Authors: Riolfi Claudia Rosa , Andrade Emari
Published: October 2020

Tomamos como objeto o reconhecimento das alterações na vida profissional potencialmente experimentadas por parte de 271 egressos de um programa de Pós-graduação em Educação, formados entre 2007 e 2017, após a conclusão de seus cursos. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram: a) Mapear o perfil profissional da população; b) Estudar o reconhecimento das alterações em sua vida profissional após a formação; e c) Analisar como esse reconhecimento incide, especificamente, na maneira como descrevem os impactos da conclusão da pós-graduação em seus modos de ler, escrever e pesquisar. Concluiu-se que a formação obtida foi eficaz em termos de ser reconhecido, podendo ainda ser potencializada em se fazer reconhecer, em especial no que tange a publicações qualificadas.