bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online grocery shopping: the customers´ perspective in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bartók Ottó , Kozák Vratislav , Bauerová Radka
Published: October 2021

Research background: Online shopping is becoming popular among most customers thanks to quickness and easy shopping, and also due the COVID pandemic. Companies are aware of the great interest of customers and, as a consequence, e-commerce is expanding. There has been a significant increase in online grocery purchases due to economic growth in the past few years. Online shopping attracts a lot of research interest, individual authors and this is a widely discussed topic. It should be borne in mind that online purchasing of food has its own peculiarities compared to the segment of electronics or fashion from the perspective of everyday needs.

Purpose of the article: The aim of the study is to analyze specific consumer behaviour in online purchasing of groceries. This study takes into account the age and purchasing preferences of online grocery purchasers.

Methods: The study was conducted using quantitative research. Data (n = 171) was obtained by using a questionnaire survey done in the Czech Republic. The questionnaire survey contained 17 questions. For the statistical evaluation, Chi-square test and Pearson's correlation test were used. For the statistical evaluation, Chi-square test and Pearson´s correlation test were used.

Findings & value added: The results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between the age of customers and online purchase in the grocery field. However, customers who use the         e-shop for grocery purchase are still reluctant to buy perishable goods (meat, pastries) and prefer goods that are packed directly by the manufacturer. The study sheds light on understanding the customers? purchasing behaviour and their preferences in terms of quality of service, payment terms, delivery conditions, and range of assortment.
The impact of human capital on innovative development of the region
Authors: Dorokhov M. V.
Published: October 2021

The article provides an analytical assessment of the impact of human capital on the pace of economic development of the state. Human capital acts as a key production and social factor in the development of the economy. The main factors contributing to the development of human capital are identified: health care and education, culture and sports, social security.
Tellurocratic strategies in the modern world
Authors: Novozhilov A. M.
Published: October 2021

Global contradictions are forming in the world, among such contradictions one can single out the confrontation between tellurocratic and thalassocratic states, land states and sea states. An alternative to globalization can be multipolarity, that is, a situation where different civilizations persist. Russia will be able to become a pole of a multipolar world when it realizes itself as a civilization with a certain set of cultural and other values based on history, culture, fundamental traditions of the ideals of universality and conciliarity.
Futuristic Marketing and its application in Russia and foreign countries
Authors: Shcherbinina A. V. , Shcherbinin A. A.
Published: October 2021

In connection with the widespread removal of the «coronavirus» restrictions on free movement, the problem of attracting consumers to their sales areas has become especially urgent for brands. It seems that this problem can be solved, including using elements of futuristic marketing. The author, using the example of Russia and foreign countries, examines already existing examples of the implementation of elements of futuristic marketing in the strategy of an enterprise, and also proposes models for increasing the effectiveness of such implementation.
Political regionalism and regional aspects of transport development in Russia
Authors: Novozhilov A. M.
Published: October 2021

The upward development of the Russian economy determines the growth ofproduction, a change in the specialization of economic activity both in Russia as a whole and inits regions. The scale and problems of the formation of the economy and transport system ofthe Russian Federation should be considered in the system of territorial and economic divisionof the country. Integral development of all elements of the national transport infrastructure inthe sectoral and spatial dimensions is necessary.
Analysis of Reading Habits in Secondary Education in Extremadura
Authors: Soto-Vázquez José , Jaraíz-Cabanillas Francisco Javier , Gutiérrez-Gallego José Antonio , Pérez-Parejo Ramón
Published: October 2021

This study aims to discern the reading habits of secondary education students of the autonomous community of Extremadura (Spain). A survey was conducted with 4,392 students throughout the region. Their reading habits were analyzed in relation to time spent reading, book purchases, preferred literary genres, and other variables that may influence reading habits. By determining the geographic location of respondents, it became possible to map the variables. Key conclusions include clear differences between geographical areas, together with the following findings: women read somewhat more than men; students enrolled in bilingual programs read more; following specific reading plans has no impact on achieving better reading outcomes; despite the increase in digital reading, paper books are still read more; and reading is not perceived as a leisure activity.
Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Police Personnel during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study in North India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, World College of Medical Sciences and Research and Hospital, Jhajjar, Haryana, India, Mital Amit Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has posed a public health threat to the whole world. The frontline line workers including police personnel involved in COVID-19 management and containment are at risk of mental health problems. Aims: To estimate mental health problems like stress, anxiety, and depression in police personnel and to determine their underlying drivers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among police personnel of city Rohtak in April 2020. 8 police stations and 13 check-posts were selected randomly by lottery method. Depression, Anxiety and Stress-21 Scale was used. Statistical analyses were undertaken using MS Excel, Epi Info, and R software. Results: 298 policemen were screened for mental problems. Their mean age was 39 ± 9.7 years. 20.1%, 13.8%, and 3.4% had stress, anxiety, and depression respectively. 172 (57.7%) respondents were not satisfied with their COVID duty hours. 239 (80.2%) subjects believed that they are at risk of getting the infection due to their duties in COVID-19 containment zones. About 68.8% of participants believed that their families were at risk of getting the infection because of their COVID-19 duty. The study subjects who were not satisfied with their duty hours had 2.4 and 3.5 times more risk of stress and anxiety as compared with those who were satisfied with them. Conclusion: Policemen are at significant risk for stress, anxiety, and depression due to COVID related duties. Identifiable risk factors were number of working hours per day, dissatisfaction with duty hours, and risk of contracting corona infection due to COVID-19 duty.
Effects of forelimb instrumentation on lameness detection in horses using a portable inertial sensor–based system
Authors: Lopes Marco A. F. , Nichols Jeremiah T. , Dearo Antonio Cezar O. , Nelson Shanna R.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of a small sensor attached to the pastern region of a forelimb on lameness detection and quantification with a portable inertial sensor–based system (PISBS) for lameness detection and quantification in horses.

ANIMALS

20 adult horses (body weight, 410 to 650 kg) with no visible lameness at the walk.

PROCEDURES

In a crossover study design, horses were evaluated at the trot twice using the PISBS with the gyroscope alternately attached to the right forelimb pastern region (as recommended by the manufacturer) or to the left forelimb pastern region (with the sensor flipped 180° on the frontal plane relative to the standard position). Agreement between the 2 instrumentation approaches was investigated graphically and by repeated-measures ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and Bland-Altman analysis.

RESULTS

No effects of instrumentation of a forelimb with the gyroscope were detected on the lame limb or limbs or on lameness severity. Attachment of the gyroscope to a forelimb had no effect on forelimb or hind limb lameness (ie, did not cause or mask lameness) as measured with the PISBS.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Instrumentation of a forelimb with a lightweight gyroscope for lameness evaluations with a PISBS had no effects on lameness measurements in horses. Results suggested that, when indicated, the gyroscope can be attached (while flipped 180° on the frontal plane relative to the standard position) to the left forelimb (rather than the right forelimb).
Evaluation of the reticulorumen pH throughout the feeding period for beef feedlot steers maintained in a commercial feedlot and its association with liver abscesses
Authors: Theurer Miles E. , Fox J. Trent , McCarty Travis M. , McCollum Ryan M. , Jones Tom M. , Simpson Jim , Martin Teresa
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the reticulorumen pH of beef feedlot steers throughout the feeding period and to assess the association between the respective durations that the reticulorumen pH was ≤ 5.6 (subacute ruminal acidosis) and ≤ 5.2 (acute ruminal acidosis) and liver abscess severity.

ANIMALS

59 feedlot steers (mean body weight, 349.5 kg).

PROCEDURES

On day 0, each steer was orally administered an electronic bolus that monitored the reticulorumen pH every 10 minutes for 150 days. Steers were transitioned from a starter to intermediate ration on day 8 (transition 1) and from the intermediate to finish ration on day 19 (transition 2). The ration carbohydrate and megacalorie contents increased with each transition. During each transition, the lower megacalorie ration was fed at the 8:00 AM feeding and the higher megacalorie ration was fed at the 2:00 PM feeding for 3 days before the higher megacalorie ration was fed extensively. Steers were sent to slaughter after 182 days; each carcass was assessed for liver abscesses.

RESULTS

The diurnal reticulorumen pH pattern was characterized by a peak at 7:00 AM and nadir at 8:00 PM. The mean percentages of time that the reticulorumen pH was ≤ 5.6 and ≤ 5.2 were more than 10-fold greater during transition 1, compared with during transition 2, and were significantly greater for steers with extensive liver abscesses than for steers without extensive liver abscesses.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Efforts to minimize the duration that the reticulorumen pH is ≤ 5.6 might mitigate liver abscess formation in feedlot cattle.
Survey of self-reported radiation safety practices among North American veterinary technicians involved in equine radiography using portable x-ray equipment
Authors: Belotta Alexandra F. , Mayer Monique N. , Koehncke Niels K. , Carmalt James , Freitas Fernando P. , Waldner Cheryl L.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES

To describe self-reported radiation safety practices by equine veterinary technicians in North America and identify factors associated with these practices.

SAMPLE

154 equine technicians.

PROCEDURES

An electronic questionnaire regarding radiation safety practices during the use of portable x-ray equipment was sent to 884 members of the American Association of Equine Veterinary Technicians and Assistants. Data were summarized, and various factors were evaluated for associations with reported safety practices.

RESULTS

221 of 884 (25.0%) questionnaires were completed, including 154 by equine technicians who had been involved in equine radiography as x-ray tube operators, cassette holders, or both in the previous year. Lead apron use was suboptimal, reported as “always” for 80.0% (104/130) of tube operators and 83.1% (123/148) of cassette holders. Approximately 20% of participants never wore thyroid shields, and approximately 90% never wore lead eyeglasses. Almost 50% of participants did not have lead eyeglasses available. Although > 55% of participants always held the x-ray equipment by hand, 58.4% (73/125) of tube operators and 25.0% (35/140) of cassette holders never wore gloves. Cassette holders wore lead gloves and personal radiation dose–monitoring devices significantly more frequently than did tube operators.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Compliance of North American equine technicians with radiation safety recommendations by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements was suboptimal. Improvements in radiation safety training and education, strengthening the connection between academic institutions and private practices, and greater availability and requirement of personal protective equipment use by senior clinicians and employers might aid in improving safety practices.
The “New Normal” in Mortgage Lending and Its Impact on Default Probabilities
Authors: Rauterkus Andreas
Published: October 2021

The paper analyses the evolution of the use of subprime loans and the availability of credit to different classes of borrowers. It examines the time period from 1980 to 2008 as a whole, as well as the changes in credit profiles in five sub-periods. By tracking borrower characteristics and their impact on foreclosure probability over time it determines what went wrong and how policy can be developed that prevents a repeat of the housing crisis that began at the end of 2006. The findings suggest that over the sample period debt to income, FICO score and loan-to-value are significant determinants for the probability of foreclosure and their importance increases over time. Furthermore, some borrowers are three times more likely to default on a loan originated between 2001 and 2006 than a loan originated between 1980 and 1994 indicating a distinct difference in lending terms and the general lending environment over time.
Taiwanese Identity – Past Factors and Present Circumstances
Authors: Sendyka Pawel
Published: October 2021

Taiwan is an island that off the coast of China. To say that Taiwan is a country is to offend the Communist People’s Republic of China which claims sovereignty over the island and markets it to the world as a “renegade province” which must be re-united with the mainland, by force, if necessary. For people who know very little about Taiwan and its big neighbour across the Taiwan Strait this may even sound convincing, but the truth is more complex. In 1949 the nationalist government (Kuomintang or KMT) having lost the Chinese Civil War retreated from the mainland; the communists have never ruled the island.

The settling of the Republic of China’s government in Taiwan and the era of “White Terror” was another one in a series of historical events that were fundamental in forming the modern Taiwanese identity. Whatever the proponents of “one China” claim, the truth of the matter is that there is a shift in attitudes of the inhabitants of Taiwan in how they feel about themselves (Taiwanese, Chinese or both). This is a crucial fact that will have to be acknowledged in the cross-strait relations. The identity argument as such, is independent of any historical claims. And this Taiwanese identity has been evolving and will continue to do so, shaped by the past and the most recent events like the Hong Kong protests, the pandemic, politics and the military aggression and intimidation by the People’s Republic of China. This article will examine these factors in turn.
HUBUNGAN SENAM LANSIA DENGAN DAYA TAHAN KARDIORESPIRASI PADA LANSIA DI BANJAR SENGGUAN DESA PENARUNGAN
Authors: Nugraha I Kadek Adi Satya , Widnyana M. , Wahyuni Nila , Sutadarma I Wayan Gede
Published: October 2021

Lanjut usia merupakan fase yang pasti akan dialami oleh setiap orang, yang mana seluruh fungsi tubuh akan mengalami penurunan. Sistem kardiorespirasi merupakan sistem tubuh yang paling banyak mengalami perubahan serta paling terlihat nyata. Daya tahan kardiorespirasi yang menurun pada lansia menyebabkan lansia menjadi cepat lelah sehingga produktivitas menjadi menurun. Latihan senam lansia secara rutin memiliki dampak terhadap peningkatan kemampuan jantung dan paru secara efisien serta dapat mempertahankan daya tahan kardiorespirasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan senam lansia dengan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada lansia di Banjar Sengguan, Desa Penarungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode studi potong lintang serta sampel berjumlah 59 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengukur tingkat daya tahan kardiorespirasi melalui Six Minute Walking Test (6MWT) pada lansia dan melihat data kehadiran untuk menentukan kategori status senam lansia. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan yakni chi-square dalam mengetahui hubungan senam lansia dengan daya tahan kardiorespirasi. Analisis data mendapatkan hasil yaitu nilai p = 0,037 (p<0,05) dan nilai r = 0,331. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara senam lansia dengan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada lansia di Banjar Sengguan, Desa Penarungan. Lansia yang semakin aktif mengikuti senam lansia memiliki daya tahan kardiorespirasi yang semakin baik.
Cantor’s paradise from the perspective of non‐revisionist Wittgensteinianism
Authors: Gomułka Jakub
Published: October 2021

Cantor’s paradise from the perspective of non‐revisionist Wittgensteinianism: Ludwig Wittgenstein is known for his criticism of transfinite set theory. He forwards the claim that we tend to conceptualise infinity as an object due to the systematic confusion of extension with in‐ tension. There can be no mathematical symbol that directly refers to infinity: a rule is the only form by which the latter can appear in our symbolic operations. In consequence, Wittgenstein rejects such ideas as infinite cardinals, the Cantorian understanding of non‐denumerability, and the view of real numbers as a continuous sequence of points on a number line. Moreover, as he understands mathematics to be an anthropological phenomenon, he rejects set theory due to its lack of application. As I argue here, it is possible to defend Georg Cantor’s theory by taking a standpoint I call quietistic conventionalism. The standpoint broadly resembles Wittgenstein’s formalist middle period and allows us to view transfinite set theory as a result of a series of definitions established by arbitrary decisions that have no ontological consequences. I point to the fact that we are inclined to accept such definitions because of certain psycho‐ logical mechanisms such as the hypothetical Basic Metaphor of Infinity proposed by George Lakoff and Rafael E. Núñez. Regarding Wittgenstein’s criterion of applicability, I argue that it presupposes a static view of science. Therefore, we should not rely on it because we are unable to foresee what will turn out to be useful in the future.
Psychoanaliza i patriarchalizm. Uwagi na temat emancypacyjnego przesłania teorii Freuda w kontekście dziejów psychoanalizy w Polsce 1900–1939
Authors: Dybel Paweł
Published: October 2021

Psychoanalysis and patriarchalism. Comments on the emancipation claim of Freud’s theory within the history of psychoanalysis in Poland 1900–1939: The article is a polemic with how Eli Zaretsky captures the role of Freud’s psychoanalysis in transforming the self-knowledge of modern societies in his Secrets of the soul. According to Zaretsky, in Central European countries, Poland included, psychoanalysis then served in the democratization of social life and led to the destruction of the patriarchal order; while in Western countries it became medicated, becoming a tool of social control. The author considers both of these claims to be problematic. In the first case, this is due to the limited social impact of Freud’s theory until 1939, in the second, basing this theory on patients’ personal unconscious, it supported their release from the influence of tradition and served them in making free life decisions. This was because in the period up to 1939, in the countries of Central Europe, the second industrial revolution was not as advanced as in the developed countries of Western Europe and the United States. So only in these last countries has psychoanalysis become socially popular and one has witnessed the dynamic development of the psychoanalytic movement.
Pengaruh Konsumsi Sari Buah Jambu Merah dan Madu terhadap Kenaikan Nilai HB pada Ibu Hamil di Tempat Praktek Mandiri Bidan Muarofah Surabaya
Authors: Indriyani Ratna , Aulia Aulia , Andrian Maulana Widi , Suprayitno Emdat
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK

Pregnancy is one of the Physiology things but, in the process of pregnancy not a little pregnant mothers that experienced the problem like Anemia disease.  The Aim of the research is To Known the effect in giving the red Guava juice and honey into the e  knhancement  HB level for the Pregnant Women in semester two and semester Three by the Light anemia. The method employed in this research was Experimental Quasy by Up Design Non equivalent Control Group pre test and post test design . the instrument or the sample of this research is the pregnant mothers in semester two and semester three consists of 32 as informants and they are will divide into the two groups as follows: 16 Respondent in treatment groups and 16 respondent in control groups. The technique that used in this research was accidental sampling. The data was collected by using observation task. The data will analyse by using Wilcoxon test. The result of the research that the level of Pregnant mother’s HB before Giving the Red Guava Juice and honey is in the average level of 9,81. The HB level of pregnant mother’s after Giving the Red Guava Juice and honey most of the levels of Pregnant Mother’s HB was increased in the treatment group in the average level of 10,25 gr %, while in the control group have no found the differentiated of the HB level before and after the treatment in average level of 9,81 gr % by the result of the Wilcoxon test analyse p=0,000 (p<0,05).  Based on the previous analysis above writer would like to draw some conclusion as follows: the sicnificant influence in giving the Red Guava Juice and honey to increase the HB levels of pregnan mother’s. its expected all the pregnant women to Check up routine about the HB level to knowing early the Anemia’s effect in Pregnancy so that it cawill be taken by the Preventive treatment

Keyword: Anemia, Hb, pregnant mother
Implementasi Dukungan Spiritual Berbasis Budaya Menurunkan Kecemasan pada Pasien Stroke
Authors: Arif Ahmad Zaini
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Stroke is generally known as an attacking disease, crippling and even able to kill humans. Besides having physical and psychological problems, stroke patients also have psychospiritual problems. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of Transcultural Theory (ISST) spiritual support implementation on the level of anxiety in Stroke Patients.

The design of this study was Quasi-Experimental approach with pre post test control group design, the sample was 36 patients, divided into 2, treatment groups and controls were taken by simple random sampling technique. Data analysis using the t test with 2 free samples with α = 0.05.

The results showed that the results of the difference in the anxiety level of the intervention group were ± (SD) = -4.61 ± (1.94) and the control group namely ± (SD) = 0.22 ± (3.38). The results of independent t test, P = 0.007, meaning that there is the effect of transcultural theory (ISST) spiritual support implementation on the level of anxiety.

Giving Implementation of spiritual support based on transcultural theory (ISST) can reduce anxiety levels. Nurses can provide spiritual support based on transcultural theory (ISST) in stroke patients as an intervention in spiritual nursing care.
Efektifitas Latihan Range Of Motion (ROM) Aktif terhadap Tonus Otot Ekstrimitas bawah dan Rentang Gerak Sendi pada Lansia
Authors: Nindawi Nindawi , Susilawati Endang Fauziyah , Iszakiyah Nur
Published: October 2021

Masalah kesehatan pada Lansia dapat terjadi pada beberapa bagian tubuh termasuk sistem  muskuloskletal antara lain persendian dan kekuatan otot. Perubahan pada jaringan ikat sekitar sendi seperti tendon, ligamen, dan fasia yang mengalami penurunan elastisitas. Latihan ROM merupakan salah satu bentuk latihan dalam proses rehabilitasi yang dinilai masih sangat efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh latihan ROM aktif terhadap peningkatan rentang gerak sendi dan kekuatan otot kaki pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kowel Pamekasan. Penelitian kuantitatif, dengan desain pre eksperimen pre dan post test design group. Teknik pengambilan sampel non probability purposive sampling dan sampel 30 orang. Data diperoleh melalui observasi awal dan akhir luas rentang gerak sendi dan kekuatan otot kaki yang diberikan latihan ROM aktif  selama 2 minggu. Analisis statistiknya univariat dengan uji distribusi frekuensi dan bivariate dengan paired t test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan peningkatan rentang gerak sendi kaki pada Lansia yaitu lutut fleksi-ekstensi rata-rata meningkat 4,570  p value 0,000, ankle plantar fleksi rata-rata meningkat 4.530 p value 0,000,  ankle dorsal fleksi rata-rata meningkat 2.270  p value 0,000, dan rata-rata meningkat 0,76 untuk kekuatan otot tungkai p value 0,000 (<0,05), artinya terdapat pengauh latihan ROM aktif terhadap rentang gerak sendi kaki dan kekuatan otot pada Lansia. Latihan ROM yang dilakukan sedini mungkin dan dilakukan dengan benar dan secara terus menerus akan memberikan dampak pada kekuatan otot dan rentang gerak sendi. Responden perlu mendapat pendidikan kesehatan untuk dapat menerapkan latihan ROM di rumah secara rutin dan berkelanjutan. ROM mengurangi kondisi ketidakmampuan untuk mencapai derajat sehat optimal, potensial dan produktif.

kata kunci: Range Of Motion (ROM) aktif, Rentang Gerak Sendi, Kekuatan otot kaki, Lanjut Usia.
Ibu Hamil pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia : Pengetahuan, Kecemasan dan Motivasi
Authors: Nugraheni Angesti , Mulyani Sri , Sukamto Ika Sumiyarsi , Musfiroh Mujahidatul , Argaheni Niken Bayu , Cahyono Erindra Budi , Soetrisno Soetrisno , Novika Revi Gama Hatta
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 pandemic threatens the entire population. However, there are special populations such as pregnant women who are predicted to be at higher risk and more susceptible to exposure to infectious diseases. Knowledge and understanding of Covid-19 is very important to be able to deal with the pandemic properly and minimize anxiety coming to health care facilities. Efforts to check pregnancy from every pregnant woman can be achieved if the individual has the motivation to achieve the desired pregnancy target. The purpose of this study was to find out the knowledge and anxiety about COVID-19 among pregnant women and how their motivation is to keep doing prenatal check-ups. This research is a correlational quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. Researchers collaborated with SEKOCI (Sekolah Komplementer Cinta Ibu) to provide online counseling to its members consisting of 69 pregnant women from various cities every 7 days for 1 month, then an evaluation was carried out with an online questionnaire how the knowledge gained, the anxiety that felt and motivated to monitor pregnancy for health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Testing the relationship of the three variables with multiple linear regression analysis. This study showed that the majority of respondents had good knowledge about COVID-19 (76%), experienced moderate levels of anxiety (69%), and had motivation to monitor pregnancy (93%). Based on the results of the analysis obtained there is a significant relationship between knowledge and motivation (p = 0.039). There is a significant relationship between anxiety and motivation (p=0.004). There is a relationship between knowledge and anxiety with motivation (p=0.004). Pregnant women in Indonesia have good knowledge about COVID-19, their knowledge can reduce anxiety levels and remain motivated to come to health workers to monitor pregnancy.Conclusion: Pregnant women in Indonesia have good knowledge about COVID-19, the knowledge they have that can reduce the number of victims and still have the motivation to come to health workers to do the condition..
Customized Facial Protection Shield during COVID-19 Pandemic to Protect Surgeons Wearing Surgical Loupes While Performing Surgical Procedures
Authors:   Atodaria Hair Transplant & Cosmetic Surgery Center, R Atodaria Pradipkumar
Published: October 2021

The novel Corona Virus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) was identified in early December 2019 in Wuhan, China. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the elective surgeries were discontinued completely as per the Government directive and advisory from the state medical councils.
An Analysis of the 50 Most Viewed Shoulder-Related Video Postings
Authors:   Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, S Lanham Nathan
Published: October 2021

While traditional resources have included didactic lectures, clinical settings, operating room experience, as well as texts and journals, recent resources such as electronic and web-based platforms have become more available.
Simplified Creatinine Index as a New Tool for Monitoring Protein Energy Malnutrition and Predict Outcome Risk in Hemodialysis Patients: Recent Findings and Perspectives
Authors:   Montpellier University, Canaud Bernard
Published: October 2021

Simplified Creatinine Index (SCI) based on readily available parameters (i.e., patients’ demographics, single-pool Kt/V and pre-HD Serum Creatinine) has been developed.
Flipped Classroom: An Effective Modality in Nephrology Education
Authors:   Zhejiang University School Of Medicine, Yang Fuye
Published: October 2021

Kidney disease is a major health care problem in the world. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is growing, especially in an aging population, which will cause an increasing demand for nephrologists
Salicylic acid and thiourea ameliorate the negative impact of salt stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings by up-regulating photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, and antioxidant defense system
Authors: Farzana Sumaiya , Rasel Md. , Tahjib Ul Arif Md. , Hossain Mohammad Anwar , Azam Md. Golam , Al Galib Md. Asadulla , Mahamud A.G.M. Sofi Uddin , Hossain Mohammad Afzal
Published: October 2021

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress inhibiting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and development. Therefore, finding efficient strategies to prevent salt-induced growth retardation and yield loss is critical for modern agriculture to sustain production. The role of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and thiourea (TU) in regulating salt tolerance was investigated by evaluating morpho-physiological characteristics and antioxidant response in two wheat genotypes at the seedling stage. In both wheat genotypes, salt stress reduced growth characteristics and leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, while simultaneously increasing the Na+/K+ ratio, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). In contrast, exogenous application of SA and/or TU alone in the salt-stressed plants significantly reduced the negative effects of salt stress and improved the growth performance by up-regulating photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, and proline content in both genotypes. Besides, when compared to seedlings treated only with salt stress, SA and TU played an important role in maintaining lower Na+/K+ levels and reducing oxidative stress by lowering MDA and H2O2 levels in salt-stressed plants through boosting the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase. In addition, hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis revealed a significant interaction among growth characteristics, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content and antioxidant activity with the salt, SA, and/or TU treatments. The findings suggested that exogenous application of SA or TU could be a useful technique for reducing the negative effects of salinity on wheat growth and development.
Evaluation of long-term stability of curve of Spee levelled with continuous archwires in two different retention protocol
Authors: Radia Mansi , Trivedi Kalyani , Shah Alap , Parikh Tilak , Panchal Hemangi
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess the long-term stability of the curve of Spee leveled with continuous archwire in subjects with two different retention protocols.

Materials and Methods:

The study sample consisted of 20 patients (mean age 18 ± 2 years) presenting with curve of Spee depth of =/> 3 mm. For each subject, lateral cephalograms and dental casts were available before treatment (T1), at the end of orthodontic therapy (T2), and 1 year after the end of treatment (T3). All subjects were divided into two groups according to their retention protocol – fixed retainer group (Group-1) and Essix retainer group (Group-2). Cephalometric parameters were used to evaluate the dental movements after treatment. Curve of Spee depth was measured on standardized digital images of casts.

Results:

In multicomparison table, it shows that there was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.032) between Spee-T2 and Spee-T3 and there was no statistical difference (P = 0.159) between L1MP-T2 and L1MP-T3 in fixed retainer group. In Essix retainer group, no changes were observed from L1MP-T2 to L1MP-T3 and there was a non-significant difference found between Spee-T2 and Spee-T3.

Conclusion:

In Group-1 (fixed retainer), there is some amount of relapse or extrusion of lower incisor. In Group-2 (Essix retainer), there was not any change in the position of the lower incisor, which suggests that occlusal coverage of the Essix retainer does not allow any extrusion and retains the curve of Spee.
Custom fabrication of cast splint microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion appliances for treatment of maxillary deficiency in young adults
Authors: Almaqrami Bushra Sufyan , Saireke Huwate , Xiying Wang , Ngan Peter , Hui Cao , Xiong Hui , He Hong
Published: October 2021

Background:

The objective of this article was to illustrate the process in the fabrication of a custom cast splint Microimplant-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) appliance for treatment of maxillary deficiency in young adults.

Findings:

The fabrication of a custom-made MARPE appliance allows the casting base to design according to the shape of the patient’s palate close to the palatal mucosa. In this new design, one end consists of a casting body, inserting hole, and teeth retention device (circumferential rings) connected to the other end by a jackscrew. Connection of all parts in the integral casting unit increases the strength of the expansion appliance and avoids distortion, deformation, or damage to the palatal mucosa due to increased resistance from the oromaxillofacial area.

Conclusion:

This custom design can improve the clinical outcome of maxillary expansion, especially in patients with narrow and high-arched palates.
Do we know how much force we apply with latex intermaxillary elastics?
Authors: Yilmaz Berza Sen , Kara Mihriban , Seker Elif Dilara , Yenidünya Deniz
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

The aim of our study was to evaluate the variation of the forces provided by different branded elastics and to compare the force diminution that occurs after 24-h of use in wet environment.

Materials and Methods:

Elastics from four different manufacturer (American Orthodontics [AO], USA; Dentaurum [DENT], Germany; Ormco, USA; RMO, USA) with 3/16-inch (4.8 mm) lumen diameter, and two different force degrees (medium/heavy) were included in the study with a total of eight groups of elastics. First force measurements were performed with 50 elastics of each group at various stretching distances; lumen diameter ×2 (9.52 mm), ×3 (14.28 mm), the average canine-first molar length (22.3 mm), and the canine-second molar length (38.7 mm) under room temperature and dry air conditions. In addition, ten the elastics from each group were stretched at 22.3 mm distance in a custom-made plate and kept in 37°C distilled water. Twenty-four hours later, the force measurements were repeated.

Results:

Regardless of the brand and type (medium-heavy), all the tested elastics showed variations in matter of generated forces at different stretching distances. The variation amount increased as the length of elongation increased. The lowest standard deviation values were observed for both medium and heavy DENT elastic groups. When stretched to 3 times of their lumen size, the medium and heavy elastics both produced either lower or higher forces compared to the levels of force indicated by the manufacturers. The closest mean force to the force level stated by the manufacturer was provided with medium AO (3.6 g difference) elastics and heavy RMO counterparts (7.9 g difference). A significant 20–23% reduction of force was observed in all brands, both in medium and heavy elastics after passing 24-h in aqueous environment. No significant difference was observed in matter of force degradation between groups for both medium and heavy elastics (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The forces exerted by intermaxillary elastics were not found to be standard and the force stated on the package is not always provided precisely. A significant force loss around 20% was observed with all the elastics after 24-h of use in wet environment at 37°C.
Tips and pitfalls of reduction and fixation in displaced supracondylar fractures in children
Authors: Kim Joon-Woo , Park Kyeong-Hyeon , Oh Chang-Wug
Published: October 2021

Supracondylar humeral fractures are the most common injury of the elbow in children. Compared to flexion type fractures, extension type fractures are more common, up to 98%. Gartland classification has been used to guide the management of this injury, which is based on the extent of the displacement. If not adequately managed, completely displaced (type III) fractures may have a higher incidence of concomitant injury or complications, including neurovascular injury, compartment syndrome, or cubitus varus. Closed reduction followed by percutaneous pinning has been suggested as the standard operative method for the displaced supracondylar humeral fractures. However, these fractures can be challenging to reduce, with the traditional technique of closed reduction. Lateral-entry pinning is known as a sufficient method of fixation for this injury. However, the lateral pin only fixation technique may also result in loss of reduction in some particular patterns of fractures, such as fractures with medial column comminution. We discuss and describe the reduction techniques of completely displaced supracondylar humeral fractures, including technical tips and pitfalls for closed reduction and open reduction. We also discuss indications of medial pinning, and its safe method, when the lateral-entry pins may not achieve adequate stability.
Современные интервальные подходы к вычислению решений непрерывных игр
Authors: Kubica B.J.
Published: October 2021

Computing Nash equilibria in continuous games is a difficult problem, but interval
methods have already been applied to its solution quite successfully. The purpose
of this paper is to briefly survey previous efforts and achievements of the author related
to the topic, and to consider some advanced tools for accelerating the interval
branch-and-bound-type methods. In particular, we discuss computing eigenvalues of
interval matrices, use of algorithmic (automatic) differentiation, memory management
techniques as well as advanced parallelization in both shared-memory and distributedmemory
environments.

Дан краткий анализ результатов исследований по применению интервальных методов для вычисления равновесия по Нэшу в непрерывных играх. Рассмотрены некоторые современные подходы к ускорению интервальных методов типа ветвей и границ. В частности, обсуждаются такие вопросы, как вычисление собственных значений интервальных матриц, использование алгоритмического(автоматического) дифференцирования, методы управления памятью, инструменты распараллеливания в средах с разделяемой и распределенной памятью.
The use of a stationary hypoplastic model for modelling the motion of granular medium
Authors: Потапов И.И. , Решетникова О.В.
Published: October 2021

Для моделирования движения гранулированной среды предложен вариант стационарной гипопластической модели. С целью решения задачи выбран метод сглаженных частиц, особенностью реализации которого является использование в расчетах комбинированного ядра, с малым параметром сглаживания. Выполнен расчет процесса обрушения песчаного столба и проведено сравнение полученных численных результатов моделирования с известными экспериментальными данными.

Purpose. The aim of this study is а development of mathematical models that describe the complex motion of a granular medium in the process of its disintegration that allows evaluating the possibility of using a simplified stationary hypoplastic model to describe this process. Methodology. To describe the motion of a granular medium, the classical equations of motion and mass conservation were used. The calculation of the deviator of the stress tensor is performed within the framework of a simplified hypoplastic model. The work uses the hypothesis of a linear relationship between the pressure function and the density of the granular medium. This hypothesis is typical for smoothed particle methods, one of the variants of which is proposed for the numerical implementation of the problem. Results. A new mathematical model of the problem of the motion of a granular medium in the process of its disintegration is formulated. An algorithm for solving the problem based on the method of smoothed particles is proposed. The problem of disintegration of a sand pillar is solved numerically. A comparative analysis of the obtained solutions with experimental data is accomplished. Findings. Using the assumption that the propagation velocity of elastic waves that determine the stress-strain state in sand particles is much higher than the velocities of particles arising from sand shedding, an approximate model for calculating the stress state of a moving granular medium based on a stationary hypoplastic model is presented. To solve the problem, the method of smoothed particles with a small smoothing parameter was implemented with the help of a new combined interpolation core in the calculations. To verify the mathematical model and the selected method, the implementation of the smoothed particle method was performed and the problem of disintegration of the sand column was solved. The obtained solution of the problem shows satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
Численный анализ законов сгущения сеток для задач со степенными погранслоями первого типа
Authors: Liseikin V.D. , Karasuljic S.
Published: October 2021

This paper demonstrates results of numerical experiments on some popular and new layer-resolving grids applied for solving one-dimensional singularly-perturbed problems having power of the first type boundary layers.

В статье приведены результаты численных расчетов обыкновенных сингулярно-возмущенных задач, решения которых имеют степенные, первого типа, пограничные слои. Расчеты проведены с использованием как известных адаптивных сеток, сгущающихся в слоях, так и новых. Численные эксперименты демонстрируют преимущество новых сеток.
Расчеты сверхзвукового пограничного слоя в полной и локально автомодельной постановках
Authors: Grigoryev Y.N. , Gorobchuk A.G. , Ershov I.V.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the possibility of using locally self-similar solutions of a stationary boundary layer in linear stability problems. These solutions are compared with various boundary conditions for a vibrationally excited gas with finite-difference calculations of the corresponding flows. The initial system of equations for a plane boundary layer of a vibrationally excited gas was obtained from the complete equations of two-temperature relaxation aerodynamics. The relaxation of vibrational modes of gas molecules is described in the framework of the LandauTeller equation. Transfer coefficients depend on the static flow temperature. It is shown that in all considered cases the convergence of profiles of hydrodynamic variables to some limit values takes place for the longitudinal coordinate 8 . . . 15. In parallel, the same flows were calculated using the full formulation based on the finite-difference KrankNicholson type scheme. It is shown that for all considered boundary and initial conditions the limiting locally self-similar profiles coincide with the profiles calculated within the full formulation. The obtained result substantiates the use of locally self-similar solutions in problems of the linear theory of stability of boundary layer flows of vibrationally excited gas.

Проведены расчеты течения в плоском пограничном слое сжимаемого колебательно возбужденного газа в локально автомодельной постановке для ряда характерных условий внешнего потока и теплообмена на границе. Показано, что во всех рассмотренных случаях имеет место сходимость профилей гидродинамических переменных к некоторым предельным значениям для продольной координаты x> 8 . . . 15. Параллельно те же течения рассчитывались в полной постановке на основе конечно-разностной схемы типа Кранка-Николсон. Показано, что для всех рассмотренных граничных и начальных условий предельные локально автомодельные профили совпадают с профилями, рассчитанными в полной постановке. Это позволяет обоснованно использовать легко рассчитываемые локально автомодельные профили в задачах линейной теории устойчивости.