bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TİP 2 DİYABETES MELLİTUSLU BİREYLERDE SAĞLIK ALGISI VE AİLE DESTEĞİNİN TEDAVİYE UYUM DÜZEYİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇORAK Beyza , UYSAL Neşe
Published: August 2022

AMAÇ: Bu araştırma, tip 2 diyabetes mellituslu bireylerde sağlık algısı ve aile desteğinin tedaviye uyum düzeyleri ile ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yürütülmüştür.

GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM: Araştırmanın yürütüldüğü devlet hastanesine başvuran tip 2 diyabetes mellitus tanılı 210 birey araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, kişisel bilgi formu, Morisky Tedavi Uyum Ölçeği, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği ve Tip 2 Diyabette Aile Desteği ve Çatışma Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.

BULGULAR: Tip 2 diyabetes mellituslu bireylerin, %45,2’sinin düşük uyum düzeyine sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Sağlık algısı ölçeği toplam puanları, sağlığın önemi ve aile desteği alt boyutu puan ortalamalarının tedaviye uyum düzeylerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır (p
Linfoma de Hodgkin clássico: perfil de duas décadas em hospital de referência de uma cidade do nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Mesquita Juliene Lima , Rosales Yensy Mariana Zelaya , Garcia Yhasmine Delles Oliveira , Pitombeira Maria da Silva , Quixadá Acy Telles de Souza , Souza Jacqueline Holanda de , Duarte Fernando Barroso , Fonteles Marta Maria de França , Lemes Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves
Published: August 2022

Objetivos: descrever o perfil epidemiológico e clínico dos pacientes com Linfoma de Hodgkin Clássico (LHc) tratados com o protocolo ABVD (doxorrubicina, bleomicina, vimblastina e dacarbazina) associando-os aos fatores que interferem na mortalidade e na sobrevida global (SG). Metodologia: estudo descritivo e retrospectivo dos pacientes diagnosticados com LHc, atendidos no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC) no período de 2000 a 2018. As análises univariada e multivariada foram realizadas para estabelecer a associação entre os fatores prognósticos e o desfecho óbito. A SG foi determinada usando o método Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: População com predominância do sexo masculino (50,64%), idade menor ou igual a 45 anos (88,54%), subtipo histológico Esclerose Nodular (EN) (74,52%) e tratamento com ciclos de ABVD (56,37%). Na análise dos fatores preditivos de proteção ao óbito foram significativos, para idade menor ou igual a 45 anos (OR 3,152; IC95% 1,198–8,292; p=0,02), utilização da radioterapia (RT) (OR 0,345; IC95% 0,158-0,753; p=0,008) e a Resposta Completa (RC) (OR 0,090; IC95% 0,038-0,216; p=0,000) ao tratamento. As variáveis que apresentaram associação a uma maior SG estão relacionadas a idade menor ou igual de 45 anos (IC95% 85,61-89,02; p=0,0252), utilização da RT (IC95% 92,37; p=0,0002), RC ao tratamento (IC95% 94,51-95,43; p<0,0001) e tempo menor ou igual a 1 ano do diagnóstico (IC95% 92,55-96,25; p<0,0001). Conclusão: Os pacientes com LHc no serviço eram predominantemente homens jovens com subtipo EN. Os fatores associados a proteção ao óbito foram a idade menor ou igual a 45 anos, utilização da RT e a RC ao tratamento. Fatores que proporcionaram melhor SG foram a idade menor ou igual a 45 anos, utilização da radioterapia, resposta completa ao tratamento e tempo de diagnóstico menor ou igual a 1 ano.
ZnO/MgZnO heterostructure membrane with type II band alignment for ceramic fuel cells
Authors: Shah M.A.K. Yousaf , Lu Yuzheng , Mushtaq Naveed , Singh Manish , Rauf Sajid , Yousaf Muhammad , Zhu Bin
Published: August 2022

Semiconductor membrane fuel cells are a new promising R&D for solid oxide fuel cells and proton ceramic fuel cells. There is a challenge of the electronic short circuit issue by using semiconductor to replace conventional electrolyte membrane. In this work, type II band alignment of the semiconductor heterostructure based on Mg-doped ZnO and ZnO can, on one hand, block electrons passing through the junction, and on the other hand, trigger the ionic properties of membrane to boost the fuel cell performance. The Mg doping into ZnO creates more oxygen vacancies at the surface of ZnO, leading to enhanced ionic transport, and meaningful fuel cell performance of 673 mW/cm2; while the Mg-doped ZnO/ZnO heterostructure fuel cell has delivered 997 mW/cm2 and OCV 1.04 V at 520 oC. It is worth highlighting that the constructed heterostructure interface, especially the band bending and constituted build-in electric field, plays a pivotal role in enhancing the ionic transport and suppressing the electron passing through the internal device. First principal calculations using density functional theory confirmed the doping of Mg and the formation of heterostructure with ZnO to help for enhancing charge carriers and separations. This work suggests that the constructed type II band alignment or the semiconductor heterostructure is useful for developing advanced fuel cells.
Has the Timing of the Surgery a Major Role in Influencing Outcome in Elderly Patients with Acute Subdural Hematomas?
Authors: Trevisi Gianluca , Scerrati Alba , Rustemi Oriela , Ricciardi Luca , Ius Tamara , Auricchio Anna Maria , De Bonis Pasquale , Albanese Alessio , Mangiola Annunziato , Maugeri Rosario , Nicolosi Federico , Sturiale Carmelo Lucio
Published: August 2022

Background: The incidence of traumatic acute subdural hematomas (ASDH) in elderly is increasing. Despite surgical evacuation, these patients have poor survival and low rate of functional outcome, and surgical timing plays a no clear role as predictor. We investigated if the timing of surgery has a major role in influencing outcome in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively retrieved clinical and radiological data of all patients ≥70 years operated on for post-traumatic ASDH in a 3 years period in 5 Italian Hospitals. Patients were divided in 3 surgical timing groups from hospital arrival: ultra-early (within 6h); early (6-24h); delayed (after 24h). Outcome was measured at discharge using two endpoints: survival (alive/dead) and functional outcome at Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Univariate and multivariate predictor models were constructed.Results: We included 136 patients. About 33% died for consequences of ASDH and among the survivors only 24% were in good functional outcome at discharge. Surgical timing groups appeared different according to presenting GCS, which was on average lower in ultra-early surgery group, and radiological findings, which appeared worse in the same group. Delayed surgery was more frequent in patients with subacute clinical deterioration. Surgical timing appeared associated neither with survival nor with functional outcome also after stratification for preoperative GCS. Preoperative midline shift was the strongest outcome predictor. Conclusions: An earlier surgery was offered to patients with worse clinical-radiological findings. Also after stratification for GCS it was not associated with better outcome. Among the radiological markers, preoperative midline shift was the strongest outcome predictor.
Capturing household structure and mobility within and between remote Aboriginal communities in northern Australia using longitudinal data: A pilot study
Authors: Goldsmith Jessie J , Campbell Patricia T , Villanueva Cabezas Juan Pablo , Chisholm Rebecca H , McKinnon Melita , Gurruwiwi George G , Dhurrkay Roslyn G , Dockery Alfred M , Geard Nicholas , Tong Steven YC , McVernon Jodie , Gibney Katherine B
Published: August 2022

Cultural practices and development level can influence a population’s household structures and mixing patterns. Within some populations households can be organized across multiple dwellings. This likely affects the spread of infectious disease spreads through these communities, however, current demographic data collection tools do not record these data. Methods: Between June–October 2018, the Contact And Mobility Patterns in remote Aboriginal Australian communities (CAMP-remote) pilot study recruited Aboriginal mothers with infants in a remote northern Australian community to complete a monthly iPad-based contact survey. Results: Thirteen mother-infant pairs (participants) completed 69 study visits between recruitment and the end of May 2019. Participants reported they and their other children slept in 28 dwellings during the study. The median dwelling occupancy, defined as people sleeping in the same dwelling on the previous night, was nine (range: 3.5–25). Participants who completed at least three responses (n=8) slept in a median of three dwellings (range: 2–9). Each month a median of 28% (range: 0%–63%) of the participants travelled out of the community. Including these data in disease transmission models amplified estimates of infectious disease spread in the study community, compared to models parameterized using census data. Conclusions: The lack of data on mixing patterns in populations where households can be organized across dwellings may negatively impact the accuracy of infectious disease models for these communities and the efficacy of public health actions they inform.
A Review on the Technological Advances and Future Perspectives of Axon Guidance and Regeneration in Peripheral Nerve Repair
Authors: Tiwari Arjun Prasad , Lokai Taylor , Albin Bayne , Yang In Hong
Published: August 2022

Despite a significant advance in the pathophysiological understanding of peripheral nerve damage, the successful treatment of large nerve defects remains an unmet medical need. In this article, axon growth guidance for peripheral nerve regeneration is systematically reviewed and discussed mainly from the engineering perspective. In addition, the common approach to surgery, bioengineering approaches to emerging technologies (i.e. optogenetic stimulation and magnetic stimulation) for functional recovery are discussed, with pros and cons. Alternatively, clear future perspectives of axon guidance and nerve regeneration are addressed.
Older Physical Education Teachers’ Wellbeing at Work and its Challenges
Authors: Lipponen Henry , Hirvensalo Mirja , Salin Kasper
Published: August 2022

This article examines older physical education (PE) teachers’ wellbeing over the course of their career in Finland. The study highlights challenges to physical and mental functioning as well as how teachers respond to these challenges. The six interviewees were over 55-year-old PE teachers, whose career had lasted for more than 30 years. Qualitative methods were used in the collection, transcription and analysis of the research data. The qualitative analysis consisted of a series of interpretations that visualised the world described by the interviewees. All the research participants had physical problems that affected their teaching and make teachers consider a potential career change. To be able to teach, teachers adapted their ways of working according to the challenges brought by age and injuries. The research participants found that the challenges caused by musculoskeletal problems and ageing were an inevitable part of the profession. They emphasised the positive sides of the work: the profession permits varied workdays. In addition, the teachers noted that their work provides them with opportunities to remain physically fit. Teaching health education is a means to lighten the workload of older teachers. PE teachers enjoy their profession and are dedicated to it, despite all the challenges. The interviewed participants clearly experienced work engagement. Our development proposal for teacher education is that future PE teachers be informed about the risks involved in the profession. Such activity helps young teachers reflect proactively on the measures taken to maintain their functioning during their career and on perspectives related to the ways of working.
Multi-View and Shift Rasterization Algorithm (MVSR) for Effective Identification of Ground in Dense Point Clouds
Authors: Štroner Martin , Urban Rudolf , Línková Lenka
Published: August 2022

With the ever-increasing popularity of unmanned aerial vehicles and other platforms providing dense point clouds, filters for identification of ground points in such dense clouds are needed. Many filters have been proposed and are widely used, usually based on the determination of an original surface approximation and subsequent identification of points within a predefined dis-tance from such surface. We present a new filter, Multi-view and shift rasterization algorithm (MVSR) is based on a different principle, i.e., on the identification of just the lowest points in in-dividual grid cells, shifting the grid along both planar axis and subsequent tilting of the entire grid. The principle is presented in detail and compared both visually and numerically to other commonly used ground filters (PMF, SMRF, CSF, ATIN) on three sites with different ruggedness and vegetation density. Visually, the MVSR filter showed the smoothest and thinnest ground profiles, with ATIN the only filter performing comparably. The same was confirmed when comparing ground filtered by other filters with the MVSR-based surface. The goodness of fit with the original cloud is demonstrated by the root mean square deviations (RMSD) of the points from the original cloud found below the MVSR-generated surface (ranging, depending on site, between 0.6-2.5 cm). The MVSR filter performed outstandingly at all sites, identifying the ground points with great accuracy while filtering out the maximum of vegetation/above-ground points. The filter dilutes the cloud somewhat; in such dense point clouds, however, this can be perceived rather as a benefit than as a disadvantage.
McMurdo Snow Roads and Transportation : final program summary
Authors: Shoop Sally , Wieder Wendy , Melendy Terry
Published: August 2022

The snow roads at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, are the primary transportation corridors for moving personnel and material to and from the airfields servicing intra- and intercontinental air traffic. The majority of the road system is made of snow overlying a snow, firn, and icy subsurface and is particularly susceptible to deterioration during the warmest parts of the austral summer when above-freezing temperatures can occur for several days at a time. Poor snow-road conditions can seriously limit payloads for all types of ground vehicles. The US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) studied the McMurdo snow roads for the National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs as part of the Snow Roads and Transportation (SRT) program. The goals of the SRT program was to improve construction, maintenance, and use of the McMurdo’s snow roads, with particular attention on minimizing warm-season deterioration. This is the final report of the SRT program, summarizing the program’s activities and findings and emphasizing those parts of the program not previously documented in CRREL Reports, conference papers, or journal articles.
CHARACTERIZING MODERN AND HOLOCENE BARRIER-ISLAND ENVIRONMENTS WITH FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES: AN EXAMPLE FROM A WAVE-DOMINATED, MICROTIDAL BARRIER-ISLAND SYSTEM, NORTH CAROLINA, USA
Authors: SHMORHUN NINA MARIA-ELENA , CULVER STEPHEN J. , MALLINSON DAVID J. , FARRELL KATHLEEN M. , CRESSMAN AMY , GROVE ALISSON , HOWIE LILLIAN , LYNN ASHLEY , SUTTON SETH , TWAROG MICHAEL , RIGGS STANLEY R.
Published: August 2022

Recent research has shown that sedimentological information in barrier-island settings may provide more detailed interpretations of some past coastal environments than interpretations based upon foraminifera. This research investigates whether targeted documentation of modern foraminifera in specific coastal environments can result in higher resolution micropaleontology-based paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Bear Island, North Carolina, characterized by little human disturbance, was chosen for detailed documentation of foraminifera in modern barrier-island-related environments. Modern sediments in all subenvironments were predominantly siliciclastic (< 30 % clastic carbonate debris) in composition: clastic carbonate allochems (e.g., mollusk shell fragments, echinoid spines) were admixed with fine- to medium-grained quartz sand. The hypothesis that modern foraminiferal assemblages of 26 modern coastal subenvironments can be distinguished based upon their foraminiferal assemblages was tested by discriminant analysis and resulted in the recognition of four environmental supergroups: shoreface, ebb-tidal delta, flood-tidal delta/inlet channel, and “barrier-combined” (foreshore, washover, dune, sandflat, spit, longshore bar, and trough). Holocene paleoenvironments represented by foraminiferal assemblages in 16 vibracores collected from the modern inner shelf, shoreface, ebb-tidal delta, and inlet environments of Bogue Banks, immediately adjacent to Bear Island, were interpreted, via discriminant analysis, based upon the modern dataset. Holocene and modern foraminiferal assemblages were similar but variations in species abundance and species diversity allowed for alternative paleoenvironmental classification of core samples at varying levels of probability. The methodology of this research is widely applicable to other coastal environments.
A deep learning approach for plate circular hole detection on composite parts
Authors: Gan Zhong , Ling Zihao , Shi Wangxing , Yang Le , Ma Boyv , Xue Chao
Published: August 2022

In the aviation field, most parts represented by composite materials have a complex background. How to quickly measure and locate the circular hole of this type of part through visual measurement technology has become a key problem in the industrial field. In view of the difficulties of circular hole segmentation for composite plate parts, such as texture noise interference and the low accuracy of circular hole segmentation. This paper presents a circular hole segmentation method based on deep learning. The U-net network was used to realize the segmentation of the inner and outer textures of the round hole. Then, to solve the problem of missing information in the prediction results of the U-net model, the network model is improved by introducing a dilated convolution and BN layer. The accuracy of the improved model is improved by approximately 2% in the test set. Finally, this paper proposes Zernike moment sub-pixel edge detection of a 7×7 template coefficient to realize the edge sub-pixel location. Finally, the pixel equivalent is solved, and the circular hole contour is fitted using the least-squares method. The measurement accuracy of the improved U-net model in the circular hole of the composite plate ∅(4mm-5mm) reached 0.046mm.
Expert consensus on a standardized training curriculum for robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer using Delphi process
Authors: Obama Kazutaka , Collins Justin W , Han Sang-Uk , Suda Koichi , Hyung Woo Jin , Terashima Masanori , Song Kyo Young , Noshiro Hirokazu , Son Taeil , Park Do Joong , Uyama Ichiro
Published: August 2022

Background
With the widespread use of surgical robots, surgeons are performing increasing number of robotic gastrectomy (RG) cases. Establishing a standardized training curriculum (TC) is a pressing need for the safe implementation of RG for gastric cancer. This paper aims to obtain an experts’ consensus on a standardized TC for RG through the Delphi process.
Methods
An expert panel involving 10 expert gastric surgeons formulated a consensus on the TC of RG for gastric cancer. A three-round survey using the Delphi method was conducted to reach an agreement regarding the essential domains of training. A cutoff value of 80% was set to determine a consensus on each question.
Results
The expert panel reached a consensus on the following points. A TC for RG should be divided into stages, and trainees should be evaluated and certified before proceeding to the next stage. The basic TC should include basic e-learning, simulation-based training, and case observation, whereas the advanced TC should include learning expert videos, and modular console training. Simulator-based evaluation and certification are necessary before performing actual RG, and the first 3–5 cases should be supervised by proctors. To become independent surgeons, they should be certified by reviewing surgical videos. In addition, when using new robotic systems, even experts should undergo technical evaluation and certification.
Conclusion
Through consensus building by the expert panel, a foundational concept was developed for an RG TC and certification. Surgeons learning RG should benefit from a highly effective modular TC and the guidance of certified proctors.
Analysis of the trend in Oral Anticoagulation Overdose from 2010 to 2020 – Ireland
Authors: Ali Osama , O’Reilly Aisling , Bacha Sohail , Canning Meghann , Stenson Claire , Williams David , Duggan Edel
Published: August 2022

Background
Warfarin and Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOAC) are commonly prescribed for thromboembolic disease. Enquires to a poison centre can help identify toxicity of these agents.
Aim
The aim of this study is to observe trends in enquiries to the National Poisons Information Centre (NPIC) concerning oral anticoagulants over the past eleven years.
Methods
A retrospective review of all recorded cases involving anticoagulation enquiries to the NPIC from 2010 to 2020, inclusive, was conducted. Data included: name, type, patient demographics, location of incident, enquiry source, type of incident, symptoms, poison severity score, and treatment.
Results
Four hundred and seventy-three (n = 473) oral anticoagulation enquiries were registered with NPIC from 2010 to 2020. Enquiries concerning anticoagulants occurred most frequently in the elderly age group (> 65 years) in 47%. Most enquiries were from GP services at 46%. 1 in 10 calls involved a polypharmacy overdose. Accidental ingestion was more frequent (n = 105) in toddlers whereas therapeutic error occurred more frequently in elderly patients (n = 166). There was a downward trend of warfarin and an upward trend of DOAC overdoses over the study period. Majority of the cases (83%) had no symptoms at the time of the call. Only 44 cases received treatment of which 7.8% received an antidote. Less than 4% required follow-up.
Conclusion
Anticoagulant overdose, especially in elderly population is of concern due to increase vulnerability to major bleeding. Rising number of DOAC overdose’s is concerning as specific antidotes are not widely available. Measures should be taken to reduce the risk of polypharmacy overdose.
Quality of sleep and Factors Associated with Sleep Pattern Disturbance among Patients in Critical Care Units: Mixed Method study
Authors: kalal Nipin , Kumar Ashok , Rana Nimarta , kothari Nikhil
Published: August 2022

Background Sleep disturbances are amongst one of the most common problems reported for critically ill patients admitted to ICU. Sleep disturbances have a negative impact on physiological parameters of the patients, which may delay their recovery, raise health care cost, and increases the length of hospital stay. Methods A mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) study was conducted with the use of a convergent parallel research design. The study was conducted in critical care units and 72 patients were included by the nested sampling technique. Two tools were used for data collection; a Modified Sleep disturbing scale and Semi-structured questionnaire with an in-depth interview on patient’s experiences regarding the quality of sleep. Result It showed that the most considerable factors which affect sleep were the pain (1.27 ± 0.61), the routine care before sleep (1.31 ± 1.03), alarms (1.29 ± 0.70) followed by lighting (1.15 ± 0.59). The environmental factors were found significantly associated with participants age. Further, marital status was found significantly associated with patient’s factors (0.002*), staff (0.009*), and environmental factors (0.001*). Whereas, exceptionally there was no remarkable association established between these factors and participant’s gender, education, or previous history of addiction to sedative or hypnotic drugs. Conclusion Sleep disturbance is a major problem identified among hospitalized patients. Majority of patients who experience disturbance in sleep pattern and quality of life is ascribed to pain, routine care, alarms and lighting. Education regarding different strategies could be considered as an important aspect for uninterrupted sleep pattern and also aids the patient to get better sleep.
Comparison of Telebehavioral Health Outcomes from Rural Populations Across America
Authors: McCord Carly , Ullrich Fred , Merchant Kimberly , Bhagianadh Divya , Nelson EveLynn , Marcin James , Law Kari Beth , Neufeld Jonathan , Giovanetti Annaleis , Ward Marcia , Carter Knute
Published: August 2022

Background
This study investigates outcomes from two federal grant programs: the Evidence-Based Tele-Behavioral Health Network Program (EB THNP) funded from September 2018 to August 2021 and the Substance Abuse Treatment Telehealth Network Grant Program (SAT TNGP) funded from September 2017 to August 2020. As part of the health services implementation program, the aims of this study were to evaluate outcomes in patient symptoms of depression and anxiety across the programs’ 17 grantees and 95 associated sites, with each program having data from telehealth patients and from an in-person comparison group. The evaluation compares outcomes between the group of patients seen in-person and the group of patients seen viatelehealth.
Methods
The study design is a nonrandomized convenience sample across telehealth and in-person groups from sites with similar rural characteristics and during the same time period. Patient characteristics were to be collected at treatment initiation, and clinical outcome measures were to be collected at baseline and monthly on patients where clinically appropriate. The validated clinical outcome measure instruments included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression symptoms and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale for anxiety-related symptoms.
Results
Across a total of 1,514 patients, one-month change scores were improved indicating that PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores decreased from baseline to the one month follow-up at similar rates in both the in-person and telehealth groups. Reduction in scores averaged 2.8 for the telehealth treatment group and 2.9 for the in-person treatment group in the PHQ-9 subsample and 2.0 for the telehealth treatment group and 2.4 for the in-person treatment group in the GAD-7 subsample. There was no statistically significant association between the modality of care (telehealth treatment group versus in-person comparison group) and the one-month change scores for either PHQ-9 or GAD-7. Individuals with higher baseline scores demonstrated the greatest decrease in scores for both measures. Upon adjusting for baseline scores and clustering within grantee program, patient demographics were not found to be significantly associated with change in anxiety or depression symptoms.
Conclusions
In our very large pragmatic study comparing behavioral health treatment delivered to a population of patients in rural, underserved communities, we found no clinical or statistical differences in improvements in depression or anxiety symptoms as measured by the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 between patients treated via telehealth or in-person.
Robotic radical distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer using the soft coagulation scissors technique
Authors: Yamashita Yoshito , Tatsubayashi Taichi , Okumura Koichi , Sakura Yusuke , Miyamoto Takumi
Published: August 2022

We developed a new technique for safe and precise lymph node dissection in robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer using monopolar curved scissors with soft coagulation, called the “soft coagulation scissors technique.” Its technical details are as follows: a long bipolar grasper in the first arm and monopolar curved scissors in the third arm are mainly used for D2 lymph node dissection, maximizing robotic arm articulation usage. The monopolar curved scissors were energized in the soft coagulation mode of the Valleylab™ FT10 energy platform (group A; n = 29) or in the forced coagulation mode with an effect1/power limit of 15 W of the ERBE VIO®dV (group B; n = 9), which was confirmed to be equivalent to the soft coagulation mode, and the tissue was dissected with scissors while being energized. Large blood vessels were precoagulated with a long bipolar grasper and dissected with monopolar curved scissors. Therefore, a wide surgical field was developed using Cadiere forceps in the fourth arm and an internal organ retractor, enabling quick precoagulation with the relatively free long bipolar grasper. Thirty-seven patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent robotic distal gastrectomy using this technique. There was no difference in surgical outcomes between group A and group B. The median volume of estimated blood loss was 10 g, and none of the patients had intra-abdominal infections, including pancreatic fistula. The soft coagulation scissors technique enables safe and precise lymph node dissection in robotic distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer and could be a standard surgical technique for robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Spatio-temporal variations and drought of spring maize in Northeast China since 2002
Authors: Ji Lin , Wu Yongfeng , Ma Juncheng , Song Chenxi , Zhu Zhicheng , Zhao Aiping
Published: August 2022

A lot of maize is grown in Northeast China (Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang), however, this area is highly susceptible to drought. NDVI, LSWI, LST, and TVDI datasets from 2002 to 2020 were studied using the 8-day surface reflectance (SR) and land surface temperature (LST) of MODIS in this study. Spring maize distribution data were extracted using a decision tree classification method to reveal spatio-temporal patterns. The occurrences of mild, moderate, and severe droughts were investigated under spatio-temporal variations. The overall accuracy of verifying the spring maize distribution in 2018–2020 was above 85%. The stable, fluctuating, and low-frequency planting areas of spring maize accounted for 11.86%, 17.41%, and 34.86% of the study area, respectively. In the ‘Liandaowan’ region of Northeast China, the government directed to reduce the planting area in 2015. Distribution variations were characterized by continuous growth in the pre-adjustment stage (2002–2014), adjustment and reduction during the in-adjustment stage (2015–2017), and optimization and recovery in the post-adjustment stage (2018–2020). Compared with the fluctuating and low-frequency planting areas, moderate and severe droughts were higher in stable planting areas, accounting for 33.62% and 19.83%, respectively. There were more droughts in the pre-adjustment stage in the expanded planting area with a gradual decrease in the latter two stages. This rapid and large-scale monitoring of spatio-temporal variations and drought of spring maize lays the foundation for improved strategies to maintain field area and improve grain yield. This method could be easily applied to the study of other areas and could be combined with high-resolution and hyperspectral satellite data to improve monitoring accuracy.
In-situ stability assessment and remediation mechanism of typical antimony (Sb) tailings by combined organic-inorganic solid waste in Southwest China
Authors: Yang Chengya , Han Zhiwei , Luo Guangfei , He Yinpin
Published: August 2022

To explore the feasibility of reusing solid waste to stabilize high-content antimony ore arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) tailings, red mud, fly ash, dried sludge, ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), and rice husk ash were used as the stabilizer. Different combinations of stabilizers were used to stabilize the Sb tailings in Qinglong and Dushan. The morphological transformation and leaching characteristics of As and Sb in the treated tailing samples were determined. The results showed that the stabilizer was beneficial for adjusting the pH of the tailings and increasing the organic matter content. The combined treatment with 5% red mud, 10% fly ash, 5% dried sludge, 1% FeSO4, and 1% rice husk ash had the best stabilization effects on As and Sb. The best stabilization efficiencies of As and Sb in Dushan were 86.97% and 79.11%, respectively, and in Qinglong were 87.42% and 70.36%, respectively. The leaching concentrations of As and Sb decreased considerably under neutral conditions, promoting the transformation of As and Sb from exchangeable, oxidizable, and reducible states to the residue state. Furthermore, “Correlation heat maps” and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were undertaken to evaluate the best performance of the stabilized samples, which is related to (1) the adsorption and precipitation mechanism of iron-aluminum (hydroxide) compounds in red mud and fly ash; (2) complexation and chelation of the rich organic matter; (3) the main hydration products calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), the As/Sb precipitation process and (4) the mechanism of pH inhibition by FeSO4.
Metabolic engineering of Clostridium autoethanogenum for ethyl acetate production from CO
Authors: Dykstra James C. , Oort Jelle van , Yazdi Ali Tafazoli , Vossen Eric , Patinios Constantinos , Oost John van der , Sousa Diana Z. , Kengen Servé W. M.
Published: August 2022

Background
Ethyl acetate is a bulk chemical which is traditionally produced via energy intensive chemical esterification. Microbial production of this compound offers promise as a more sustainable alternative. So far, efforts have focused on using sugar-based feedstocks for microbial ester production, but extension to one-carbon substrates, such as CO and CO2/H2, is desirable. Acetogens such as Clostridium autoethanogenum present a promising microbial platform for biochemical production from one-carbon substrates.
Results
We engineered C. autoethanogenum to produce ethyl acetate from CO by heterologous expression of an alcohol acetyltransferase (AAT) that catalyzes the formation of ethyl acetate from acetyl-CoA and ethanol. Two AATs, Eat1 and Atf1 were expressed in C. autoethanogenum, and ethyl acetate was successfully produced by strains expressing Atf1. Production of ethyl acetate reached 0.2 mM when grown on CO. Supplementation of ethanol was investigated as potential boost for ethyl acetate production but resulted only in a 1.5-fold increase (0.3 mM ethyl acetate). Besides ethyl acetate, C. autoethanogenum expressing Atf1 could produce 4.5 mM of butyl acetate, when butanol was supplemented to the growth medium.
Conclusions
This work offers for the first time a proof-of-principle that autotrophic short chain ester production from C1 carbon feedstocks is possible and offers leads on how this approach can be optimized in the future.
Nano-Metals Forming Bacteria in Egypt. II. Efficacy towards Biomolecules, Ultrastructure, Growth Parameters, and Eco-Friendly Therapeutic of Soft Rot/Blackleg Genera
Authors: Shoeib Alia A. , Ashmawy Nader A. , Kamal Ayman , Zaki Sahar Abd El Fatah
Published: August 2022

The nanoparticles (NPs) formed by Enterococcus thailandicus, Pseudomonas putida, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, and P. geniculate were tested against soft rot/blackleg genera. The effects of NPs recorded on bacterial DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates concentration of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, Enterobacter cloacae (soft rot), and Dickeya solani (soft rot/blackleg). Treated cells showed degradation in isolated DNA and decreased proteins and carbohydrates concentration compared with untreated cells. Using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the treated cells showed collapsed and small pits in the cell wall. Using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), internal changes showed penetration of NPs inside the tested bacterial cells, the appearance of periplasmic space, formation of vacuoles, and condensation of cytoplasm.
Disease severity ex vivo of potato tuber infected with tested genera demonstrated that NPs treatment didn't show any rotted tissue compared with untreated. The ability to uptake and accumulate FeNPs from the soil in potato (Solanum tuberosum) seedlings; Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used. ICP-OES recorded an increase in iron content of treated potato (Solanum tuberosum) seedlings with NPs, compared with untreated. FeNPs can be used to control soft rot/blackleg diseases; instead of copper pesticides. It could be a new, and alternative approach to traditional disease management methods and increase the plant's nutritional value.
Chilling and Heat requirements for woody taxa in Tétouan (NW Morocco)
Authors: Boullayali Asmaa , Galán Carmen , Martínez-Bracero Moisés , Bouziane Hassan
Published: August 2022

Impact of climate change affects chilling and heat accumulation that phenological development of plant needs, air temperature being determinant for flowering, pollination, and fruit production; but few knowledges are available in the winter and spring climate of Tétouan. The physiological mechanisms of the reproductive cycle that control pollen emission are related with temperature, and different environmental factors regulate strongly the reproductive phases of the plant’s life cycle. However, from an empirical point of view, the alternance between endodormancy and ecodormancy is not well detectable. Our work focuses on determining the heat accumulation periods associated to the thermal balance needed to fulfill the chilling and heat required for budbreak and bloom timing. To evaluate Morus, Pistacia, Quercus and Olea response to changes in chill and heat accumulation rates, the Dynamic Model and the Growing Degree Days Method were used. Regression analyses identified the chilling and forcing periods for these taxa. Over the past 12 years, chill accumulation during tree dormancy increased significantly for most of woody taxa studied, while heat accumulation decreased not significantly for all taxa. Heat accumulation was the main driver of bloom timing, with effects of variation in chill accumulation.
Multi-focus light-field microscopy for high-speed large-volume imaging
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wang Yuling , Wang Mingrui , Guo Yuduo , Li Xinyang , Chen Yifan , Lu Zhi , Wu Jiamin , Ji Xiangyang , Dai Qionghai
Published: August 2022

High-speed visualization of three-dimensional (3D) processes across a large field of view with cellular resolution is essential for understanding living systems. Light-field microscopy (LFM) has emerged as a powerful tool for fast volumetric imaging. However, one inherent limitation of LFM is that the achievable lateral resolution degrades rapidly with the increase of the distance from the focal plane, which hinders the applications in observing thick samples. Here, we propose Spherical-Aberration-assisted scanning LFM (SAsLFM), a hardware-modification-free method that modulates the phase-space point-spread-functions (PSFs) to extend the effective high-resolution range along the z-axis by ~ 3 times. By transferring the foci to different depths, we take full advantage of the redundant light-field data to preserve finer details over an extended depth range and reduce artifacts near the original focal plane. Experiments on a USAF-resolution chart and zebrafish vasculatures were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the method. We further investigated the capability of SAsLFM in dynamic samples by imaging large-scale calcium transients in the mouse brain, tracking freely-moving jellyfish, and recording the development of Drosophila embryos. In addition, combined with deep-learning approaches, we accelerated the three-dimensional reconstruction of SAsLFM by three orders of magnitude. Our method is compatible with various phase-space imaging techniques without increasing system complexity and can facilitate high-speed large-scale volumetric imaging in thick samples.
Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Peste des Petits Ruminants Among Ovine and Caprine in Selected Districts of Afar Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Dubie Teshager , Dagnew Betelhem , Gelo Esrael , Negash Wossene , Hussein Fentaw , Woldehana Mulatu
Published: August 2022

Background: Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious and economically important transboundary viral disease of small ruminants. Despite the fact that FAO and OIE plan to eradicate the disease by 2030, some studies indicated an increasing seropositivity of the PPR infection in sheep and goats in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was employed to estimate the seroprevalence of PPR and to assess risk factors during the study period, February to April, 2020. A total of 384 serum samples were collected from apparently healthy sheep and goats. Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to detect the presence of antibodies against PPR at national veterinary institute. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi‑square (X2) and logistic regression analysis were used is this study.Results: The overall animal level seroprevalence of PPR virus was found to be 60.15% (n=231/384) and species level prevalence rate was found to be 38.18% (n= 42) in sheep and 68.98% (n= 189) in goats in the study areas. Among the associated risk factors considered; species, sex, age and herd sizes were significantly associated (P<0.05) with PPR disease occurrence. Among the associated risk factors considered in this study, species, sex, age and herd size were found to be statistically associated with the seropositivity of PPR infection. There was no statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence of the disease between study areas and body condition score in this study. Conclusion: The present study finding revealed that a higher seroprevalence of PPR virus infection and this confirms PPR virus is widely prevalent in small ruminants and circulating in Afar region. Further studies should be carried out on the entire region to determine PPR seroprevalence and to develop appropriate control and eradication strategies of PPR disease.
Metal-Organic Framework-Based Oxygen Carriers with Antioxidant Activity Resulting from the Incorporation of Gold-Based Nanozymes
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Domingues Nency P. , Oveisi Emad , Smit Berend , Hosta-Rigau Leticia
Published: August 2022

Blood transfusions are a life-saving procedure since they can preserve the body’s oxygen levels in patients suffering from acute trauma, undergoing surgery, receiving chemotherapy or affected by severe blood disorders. Due to the central role of haemoglobin (Hb) in oxygen transport, the so-called Hb-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) are currently being developed for situations where donor blood is not available. In this context, an important challenge to be addressed is the oxidation of Hb into methaemoglobin (metHb) which is unable to bind and release oxygen. Since within red blood cells, this process is prevented by a set of protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, several research groups have considered incorporating these enzymes to create HBOCs with antioxidant properties. However, the use of biological enzymes has important limitations related to their high cost, potential immunogenicity or low stability in vivo. Thus, nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties (i.e., nanozymes (NZs)) have emerged as a promising alternative. In this work, we evaluate the antioxidant properties of gold (Au)-based NZs following incorporation within a type of HBOC previously reported by our group (i.e., Hb-loaded metal organic framework (MOF)-based nanocarriers (NCs)). We first prepare Au-loaded Au@MOF-NCs and demonstrate their ability to catalytically deplete two prominent reactive oxygen species (ROS) (i.e., hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical) which exacerbate Hb’s autoxidation. Furthermore, these catalytic properties are retained over several cycles. Following loading with Hb, we show how the ROS-scavenging properties resulting from the Au-based NZs, translate into a decrease in metHb content. All in all, these results highlight the potential of NZs to create novel HBOCs with antioxidant protection which may find applications as a blood substitute in the future.
IsoTools – a ﬂexible workﬂow for long-read transcriptome sequencing analysis
Authors: Lienhard Matthias , Beucken Twan van den , Timmermann Bernd , Hochradel Myriam , Boerno Stefan , Caiment Florian , Vingron Martin , Herwig Ralf
Published: August 2022

Long-read transcriptome sequencing (LRTS) holds the promise to
reﬁne our understanding of alternative splicing, however, the nature of splicing is highly complex, and computational tools need to cope with this complexity by maximum ﬂexibility at diﬀerent steps of the work-ﬂow. For this purpose we developed IsoTools, a Python-based LRTS analysis package. IsoTools provides broad functionality for transcriptome reconstruction and quantiﬁcation of isoforms. Additionally, we implemented a graph-based method for the identiﬁcation of alternative
splicing events and a statistical approach based on the beta-binomial distribution for the detection of diﬀerential events. To demonstrate our methods, we generated PacBio LRTS data of human hepatocytes treated with the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid. Contrasted with short read RNA-seq, this analysis shows that LRTS provides valuable additional insights for a better understanding of alternative splicing, in particular with respect to complex novel and diﬀerential splicing patterns.
IsoTools is available at https://github.com/MatthiasLienhard/isotools.
Gastric Cancer Secreted miR-214-3p Inhibits the Anti-Angiogenesis Effect of Apatinib by Suppressing Ferroptosis in Vascular Endothelial Cells.
Authors: Ba Yi , wang Tongtong , Yang Changliang , Wang Weixue , Zhang Yan , Zhu Qihang , Zhang Haiyang
Published: August 2022

Different from necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy and other forms of cell death, ferroptosis is a mechanism that catalyzes lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids under the action of iron divalent or lipoxygenase, leading to cell death. Apatinib is currently used in the third-line standard treatment of advanced gastric cancer, targeting the anti-angiogenesis pathway. However, Apatinib-mediated ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells has not been reported yet. Tumor-secreted exosomes can be taken up into target cells to regulate tumor development, but the mechanism related to vascular endothelial cell ferroptosis has not yet been discovered. Here, we show that exosomes secreted by gastric cancer cells carry miR-214-3p into vascular endothelial cells and directly target zinc finger protein A20 to negatively regulate ACSL4, a key enzyme of lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells and reducing the efficiency of Apatinib. In conclusion, inhibition of miR-214-3p can increase the sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells to Apatinib, thereby promoting the antiangiogenic effect of Apatinib, suggesting a potential combination therapy for advanced gastric cancer.
pSuc-EDBAM: Predicting lysine succinylation sites in proteins based on ensemble dense blocks and an attention module
Authors: Jia Jianhua , Wu Genqiang , Li Meifang , Qiu Wangren
Published: August 2022

Background
Lysine succinylation is a newly discovered protein post-translational modifications. Predicting succinylation sites helps investigate the metabolic disease treatments. However, the biological experimental approaches are costly and inefficient, it is necessary to develop efficient computational approaches.
Results
In this paper, we proposed a novel predictor based on ensemble dense blocks and an attention module, called as pSuc-EDBAM, which adopted one hot encoding to derive the feature maps of protein sequences. Afterward, the ensemble dense blocks were used to capture feature information at different levels in the process of feature learning. We also introduced an attention module to evaluate the importance degrees of different features. The experimental results show that Acc reaches 74.25%, and MCC reaches 0.2927 on the testing dataset, which suggest that the pSuc-EDBAM outperforms the existing predictors. To make the convenience of the experimental scientists, a user-friendly web server has been established (http://bioinfo.wugenqiang.top/pSuc-EDBAM/), by which the desired results can be easily obtained.
Conclusions
The experimental results of 10-fold cross-validation on the training dataset and independent test on the testing dataset showed that pSuc-EDBAM outperforms the existing succinylation site predictors and can predict potential succinylation sites effectively. The pSuc-EDBAM is feasible and obtains the credible predictive results, which may also provide valuable references for other related research.