bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ear problems and COVID-19
Authors: Ghadeer Raad Darweesh Fadhil , Khalaf Usama Zidan , Bahjat Mohammed Abdulwahab
Published: August 2022

Background: Tinnitus and hearing loss are frequent otological symptoms seen in the outpatient Otorhinolaryngology department. There have been reports of hearing loss and tinnitus among patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). There was a lack of interest in studying these symptoms among researchers patients infected with COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of hearing loss and tinnitus in those who suffer fromA hospital has been infected with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: It's an ongoing, descriptive research that includes 96 COVID-19 patients. Hearing loss and tinnitus were investigated as possible side effects of the illnesses. Patients with COVID-19 (22.91 percent) were found.Infections that cause ringing in the ears and ringing in the ears. They all tested positive for COVID-19.By using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the swab, an infection might be detected. For the evaluation of hearing loss, a thorough history and clinical examination of the ear were conducted.and the effects of tinnitus were examined. Results: Out of a total of 22 patients, 45.45 percent had tinnitus and 36.36 percent had hearing loss.18.18 percent of those surveyed had both hearing loss and tinnitus, which is the most common combination.
effectiveness of Oscillatoria limnetica for the removal of water high salinity under various environmental conditions
Authors: Al-Maliki Mohammed Salam , Al-Mayaly Ithar Kamil
Published: August 2022

Oscillatoria limnetica alga was tested for its extent to control water`s high salinity stresses, through sets of laboratory batch experiments during five initial salinity concentrations; 10ppt , 15ppt, 25ppt, 30ppt, and 35ppt were applied to aqueous solution  under different operational conditions; water temperature and pH. Three water temperatures; 25, 30, and 35 ᵒC, and three pH values; 5, 7, and 9, were applied interchangeably to operate for 10 successive days, at the end of each the optical density and salinity concentration were measured via the spectrophotometer and the Flame atomizer spectrophotometer successively. The main result was the gain of very good performance in the removal of salinity stress under almost all tested operational conditions. The salinity removal efficiencies ranged from 80-94%, especially at the temperature of 30 C and pH value of 7. That in addition to a very good durability to withstand high salinity stresses in almost all experimental conditions during which. Also, it was found that the salinity removal efficiency increases as the initial salinity concentration increase for almost all tested sets.
Study the efficacy of intralesional pentoxifylline versus triamcinolone acetonide in keloid scars patients
Authors: Redha Zainab M. , Abdali Samara , Tahir A F
Published: August 2022

Keloids are prevalent fibro-proliferative tumors, and treating them is still a challenge although intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) are effective, they have frequently linked adverse effects. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is an anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory, and vasodilator. It has not yet been tested for intralesional injection in keloids. The aim of the study is to study the efficacy of intralesional pentoxifylline versus triamcinolone acetonide in keloid scars of 40 patients. In this study, 40 patients with keloid scars regardless of the cause of keloid born, 20 patients have injected with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide, and 20 patients with intralesional pentoxifylline every two weeks until the lesion flatted or a maximum 6 sessions. Evaluation of Patient response to treatment was done by utilizing the verbal rating scale and Vancouver scar scale. Between groups A& B there is no statistically significant difference in height, color, the surface of the keloid, pigmentation consistency, verbal rating scale, visual analog scale (improvement in keloid), patient satisfaction, and several sessions for best results.
Assessment of the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on glycemic control
Authors: Aldabbagh Hijran Kamal Salih , Ali Waleed Mohammed
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to know the effects of COVID-19 on blood sugar control where the designed study was based on a retrospective cross-sectional study by collected 400 patients with COVID-19 from several different hospitals, and it was found that the prevalence of diabetes is high. In Covid, 19 patients reaches 30%. It is considered one of the most prevalent comorbidities, and it was also revealed that diabetic patients are the most vulnerable group to hospitalization. It was also noted that the number of deaths increased compared to non-diabetic patients where The results revealed males were more exposed compared to females, as (110 were with 27.5% females, 290 males with 72.5% males) with no statistical difference was found in terms of previous and last visits, where the p-value was 0.78, and no difference was found between the two study groups with respect to FPG mg/dl, but different results were detected at HbA1c, where the results were significantly higher 7.4 ± 5.1 after lockdown when compared with HbA1c levels before lockdown.
Physiological and histological Study on liver of male albino rats treated with retinol drug (retain)
Authors: Abass Zainab Mohammed , Al-Harbi Hussein Jasim
Published: August 2022

Isotretinoin, commonly known as 13-cis-retinoic acid, is a vitamin derivative used to treat severe acne and several types of skin, head, and neck cancer. According to certain research, isotretinoin causes apoptosis in a number of different types of bodily cells. In instances of clinically obvious acute liver injury with jaundice, isotretinoin has not been definitively linked. It is unknown how isotretinoin elevates serum aminotransferase levels, however, given that this effect seems to occur more frequently with a greater dose of medication, it may be a direct harmful impact. Methods: This study was conducted in the animal house in the College of Science / University of Babylon for the period from 22/11/2021 to 22/12/2021. The study included 40 white male albino rats (Rattus rattus) aged 2-3 months, weighing 100 to 150 g, and at a temperature of (25+3C) and 12 u (light-dark cycle) and then divided into eight groups, each group containing five rats. The animals were left before treatment for two weeks to acclimatize. After that, the rats were treated with Isotretinoin and they were given free water and a ration.
Urban and culture management in eventful cities
Authors: Chokur Marwah Fadihl Salih , Al-Khafaji Saba J.
Published: August 2022

Today events have become a new way for cities to identify themselves and their presence. It seeks to change its approach towards investing the idea of events and developing their platforms by developing the event program in a comprehensive way, whether at the level of its organization or its results. The event management process is complex and integrated, requiring that functions be segmented according to the system's dedicated department by sight the different circumstances and contexts for cities and their available potential. Dimensions and indicators varied in many aspects, especially in cities with cultural events. The research problem has been identified in the absence of a clear vision about the indicators of urban cultural management and its role in activating the dimensions of urban development of the event cities. The aim of the research was to limit the methods and enhance knowledge of how urban management systems work that contribute to improving the management of the cultural environment of the event cities.
Overview on scope and advancement in regenerative medicine
Authors: Rane Meenal M. , Ahuja Riddhi , Parmar Urvashi , Balsara Mohnishh , Bafna Priyanka
Published: August 2022

Regenerative medicine is the science of replacing engineering, regenerating human cells, tissues, or organs to restore or establish normal function and has now reached its potential due to its ability to deliver cell and tissue constructs to the human body thus providing therapeutic assistance of its innate healing responses. It further comprehends the cellular and molecular differences between regenerating and non-regenerating tissues thus resulting in restoring tissue structure and function in damaged, non-regenerating tissues. Replaced or repaired tissues should be indistinguishable from normal, healthy tissues in structure and function. Cellular therapy is one such strategy wherein various cell types are isolated and used that help in understanding their mechanism of action as well as their regenerative properties when they are utilized with different biomaterials as an extracellular matrix. As scaffolds provide targeted cell growth, stem cell delivery through scaffolding technology is another regenerative therapy that is used. The process of electrospinning is used for the generation of scaffolds. Problems like the unavailability of organs for transplantation prevails and thus regenerative medicine therapy has proved to be applicable in such cases.
ISO urban quality to measure the level of efficiency of urban transport
Authors: Al-Ani Abdulkareem Adil , Al-Rawai Moheeb Kamel
Published: August 2022

Providing and improving city services is critical to local governments, decision-makers, planners, and international and civil society organizations. Therefore, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) sought to develop the standard specification 37120 under the name (Sustainable Cities and Communities - Indicators of city services and quality of life) to measure the efficiency of services for cities and to grant it the ISO certificate in urban quality through a set of indicators for various areas of life in the city. Including the field of urban transport is the basis of development and is directly related to the lives and jobs of the city's residents, where the efficiency of urban transport in the study area (the city of Fallujah) will be known in light of the ISO 37120:2018 standard and compared with the cities (Amman and Toronto) using statistical analysis programs, where the results showed fairly equal between the two cities (Fallujah and Amman) and a large gap between the two cities (Fallujah and Toronto). The research suggested making improvements to the transportation network in the study area.
The effect of special exercises in developing some physical abilities and basic skills in basketball under 16 years old
Authors: Karim Mustafa Mohamed Abdel , Kharkan Anmar Atshan
Published: August 2022

Hence the role of sports training in applying its principles, rules and scientific foundations in building the necessary training curricula in every sporting game and activity, including basketball, which has the specificity of special physical requirements and high-level technical performance, in addition to that of its practitioners from age groups compared to other sports. Assistive training is one of the most important factors that achieve this in basketball because it is one of the accelerating factors in the learning and training process if it is used well through the researcher’s experience as a basketball player and watching most of the tournaments in Iraq. During the match, as a result of the weak physical abilities of the players and the team represented by individual differences, which does not fit the nature of the basketball game, which depends on rapid performance, and this weakness may be caused by the lack of focus on the use of special exercises that help players in developing abilities and skills.
Carbohydrate intake after high effort and its effect on antioxidants to eliminate free radicals in terms of catalase enzyme and achieve 400m sprint for youth
Authors: Nasir Amer Mohammed , Mohammed Mohammed Salih , Mohammad Haider Kadhem
Published: August 2022

The development of the physiology of sports training and the continuous studies and research in this field in order to raise the level of achievement to the highest levels and the search for the best ways is what our research has found in the use of proper sports nutrition, which is the intake of liquid carbohydrates after high physical exertion in the period of rest or recovery after training, which Stimulates the enzyme catalase and its reaction to get rid of free radicals and develop the oxidation system in the runner. It will quickly build the cells that were destroyed during training and quickly replace the energy stores with glycogen that have been depleted as a result of training loads of high intensity and rid the body of these free radicals and free radicals. Helps in the performance of the training units as required upgrading to high intensity and adapting to it raises the level of achievement for young runners in the 400m event.
The status of oriental women in the eyes of the American orientalist will durant in his book (The Story of Civilization)
Authors: Daoud Sarah Anwar , Mirjan Zainab Fadhil
Published: August 2022

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Seal of the Prophets and Messengers, Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, and upon his family and his pure and good companions, and after: Addressing the issue of oriental women in oriental studies and trying to seek correct information about the life of women in the east is a topic of importance, because it is one of the most popular studies on orientalists, in addition to the importance of the same role that women play in the family and oriental society, and as a result of the contents of the orientalist vision From different, disparate and sometimes biased information about women in the East, so it is necessary to look at those studies to get to the real information, and to try to correct the misunderstanding about the situation of women in the East and their position in ancient societies, and their position between ancient and heavenly religions.
Genesis of the Island Gold Deposit, Ontario, Canada: Implications for Gold Mineralization in the Wawa Subprovince of the Superior Province
Authors: Jellicoe Katia , Ciufo Tyler J. , Lin Shoufa , Wodicka Natasha , Wu Nanping , Mercier-Langevin Patrick , Yakymchuk Chris
Published: August 2022

The Island Gold deposit represents an uncommon example of known economic mineralization in the Wawa subprovince, which has been tectonically correlated with the neighboring Abitibi subprovince that hosts worldclass orogenic gold deposits. The Island Gold deposit is hosted in dacite, gabbro, and tonalite-trondhjemite, and accompanied D2 deformation. The main ore zone dips steeply toward the south and consists of early shear-hosted laminated quartz veins and late extensional veinlets; both vein sets host gold mineralization. A set of shallowly dipping extensional quartz veins in the Goudreau zone located north of the main ore zones also host economic gold mineralization. Multiple sulfur isotope analysis of pyrite associated with gold-bearing alteration envelopes in the main ore zone indicates no involvement of sulfur affected by mass-independent fractionation, which rules out sulfur (± gold) sourced from nearby banded iron formation or metasedimentary material. However, a single analysis of pyrite from an auriferous Goudreau zone vein indicates the involvement of sulfur that underwent mass-independent fractionation, which suggests a different fluid source. Zircon U-Pb geochronology of pre- and postmineralization rock samples at Island Gold restricts the timing of mineralization to between ca. 2724 and 2672 Ma. Including previous results of detrital zircon geochronology, gold mineralization occurred between ca. 2680 and 2672 Ma. This age range is similar to the timing of gold mineralization at the Hemlo deposit in the Wawa subprovince but is slightly older than the bulk of orogenic gold mineralization in the neighboring southern part of the Abitibi subprovince. Multiple sulfur isotopes indicate that gold mineralization at Island Gold results from fluids of igneous affinity associated with second-generation transpressional deformation. The ore-controlling structures were developed in bends in regional shear zones focused around relatively competent premineralization plutons.
Rationale of Employee Turnover: An Analysis of Banking Sectors in Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj Kumar
Published: August 2022

The main purpose of this study is to elaborate the reasons of employee turnover in the banking sector of Nepal. The study has opted both primary and secondary source of data to achieve the objective of the study. The structured questionnaires were used to collect the data from the sample banks. Meanwhile, different published and unpublished reports of the selected banks were used for the analysis. The collected data are analyzed with the help of MS-excel, SPSS descriptive statistics.  The finding of the study emphasized that employee tends to leave the current job due to the lack of proper environment and facilities provided by the banks. This study concludes that manager in sample banks to some extent lack awareness regarding to which job embeddedness predict employee turnover intentions. Hence, it is recommended to have a proper plan and policies with reference to the effective payment & reward schemes and motivational strategies to minimize the employees’ turnover.
Sensitivity of Stock Returns Volatility and Money Market Rates: Insight from Nigeria
Authors: Aleke Stephen Friday , Obidike Paul C. , Okeke Frankline C. S. A. , Echeonwu Sandra Ijeoma , Emineke Kalu O.
Published: August 2022

The study focused on how money market factors affected the stock returnfluctuations in the Nigerian setting. The study specifically looked at the impact of Treasury bill rates and monetary policy rates on the return fluctuations in Nigeria from2002 - 2016 over the study period. Financial econometrics study was performed using descriptive statistics, unit root test, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, GARCH (1.1), and GARCH-X (1.1) models. The series' stationarity was confirmed using the PP test and the Equally Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test. Additionally, a Benchmark GARCH (1.1) model was estimated to study the volatility. A diagnostic test was run using the Ljung-Box Q-Statistics to determine the robustness of the calculated GARCH model. The overall finding indicated that there was significant volatility clustering that was still present in the Nigerian exchange group, suggesting that it would take some time for the market's reaction to volatility shocks from the prior period to be completely eliminated. The study also discovered that changes in treasury bill rates and monetary policy rates significantly reduce the volatility of returns on the stock in Nigeria, supporting the idea that there is an inverse link between the value of money and the value of capital markets.
Prospects of Sharia Governance in Islamic Finance Industry: Jurisdictions, Standards, and Implications
Authors: Wani Athar Shahbaz , Dar Showkat Hussain
Published: August 2022

The paper aims to explore the establishment, organizational setup, and relevance of the international regulatory/standard setting institutions as Sharī‘ah governance platforms primarily AAOIFI (Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Finance Institutions) and IFSB (Islamic Financial Services Board). The role of IIFA (International Islamic Fiqh Academy Jeddah) IFC (Islamic Fiqh Council of Muslim World League MWL) and ISRA (International Sharī‘ah Research Academy for Islamic Finance) and supportive Shari ‘ah compliance platforms for Islamic Finance Industry (IFI) in the corporate and academic dimensions. The study is qualitative analysis of related Guiding Principles, which enshrine the Sharī‘ah governance framework (SGF) in IFI. The discussion highlights that the (SGF) is the particular aspect in the Islamic Finance Industry (IFI), which embodies the legitimacy of instruments, and generates the trust of stakeholders and shareholders in Islamic finance. The paper shows that analysis will support the understanding of Sharī‘ah governance and jurisdiction of the Islamic finance industry in the contemporary Banking and finance sector. The outcome of the predicted hypothesis will enable to suggest and modify the ongoing banking practices in Islamic corporate with strict adherence to the sharīa standards.
The Impact of Aromatherapy in Psychiatry – An Investigation on Natural Neroli Oil as Depressant Towards Senior Citizen
Authors:   Department of Mental Health Nursing, V.M. College of Nursing, Bishrampur, India, Sathiya Preethi Sathiya Nesan
Published: August 2022

An investigation has been made on evaluating the effectiveness of aromatherapy on depression among senior citizens residing in selected old age homes. Pre experimental one group pre-test and post-test designs were used for this study. The data collection was carried out over a period of 30 days. About 40 senior citizen subjects were selected through the convenience sampling technique. In the pre-test, the Geriatric depression scale was used for assessing the level of depression among senior citizens. Aromatherapy was given by means of applying 5 drops of Neroli oil with 10ml of coconut oil to the forehead of all the subjects once a day for 15 days. After completion of the intervention, the post-test has been conducted among subjects. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the findings of the study. It has been observed that a significant difference (P<0.01) in the mean score level of depression among senior citizens exists. The mean score was pretest 19.7 [± 4.22] and post test15.95 [± 4.74]. There was a significant association (P<0.05) was found between the depression score and selected demographic variables like gender, education, previous occupation, chronic health problems, marital status, and support system. Henceforth, it has been claimed that aromatherapy helps to reduce the level of depression among senior citizens
Derivatives: A Comprehensive Study of Rate of Change
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Amity School of Applied Science, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India, Pandey Ambrish Kr. , Singh Samkach ,   Department of Mathematics, Amity School of Applied Science, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
Published: August 2022

In mathematics, derivatives are the rate of change of a function with respect to a variable, and they are necessary for answering complex mathematical problems and differential equations. In this paper, a detailed study on the use and concept of derivative that how it comes into existence, how it can be used to calculate the differential coefficients of a function at a particular point in an effective manner, and what are the applications of the rate of change of functions in mathematics as well as in real-life situations is presented. This study will help to understand the in-depth concept of calculus to the new researchers and students of mathematics.
Study of Some Properties on Almost Para Contact Metric Manifolds with Certain Connection
Authors:   B.S.N.V.P.G. College, Lucknow, India, Singh Jai Pratap , Prasad Kripa Sindhu ,   Department of Mathematics, Thakur Ram Multiple Campus, Birgunj, Tribhuvan Univeristy, Nepal, Verma Aparna ,   Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India
Published: August 2022

Many differential geometers studied different types of manifolds with a semi-symmetric metric connection. In the present paper, we study semi-symmetric nonmetric connections on an almost para-contact manifold in relation to semi-symmetric nonmetric connections. In another section of the work, we have studied the curvature tensor and Nijenhuis tensor.
Handling Uncertainty, Noise and Fake News Problem in Big Data
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India, Singh Yuvraj , Singh Pawan ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India
Published: August 2022

A tremendous store of terabytes of information is produced every day from present-day data frameworks and computerized innovations. Examination of this monstrous information requires plenty of endeavors at different levels to separate information for dynamic. In a computerized world, information is created from different sources and the quick progress from advanced advances has prompted the development of Big Data. It furnishes a transformative leap forward in many fields with an assortment of enormous datasets. As a rule, it alludes to the assortment of enormous and complex datasets which are hard to handle utilizing conventional data set administration apparatuses or information handling applications. The majority of the introduced approaches in information mining are not normally ready to deal with the enormous datasets effectively. The critical issue in the examination of Big Data is the absence of coordination between information base frameworks just as with investigation instruments like information mining and factual examination. These difficulties by and large emerge when we wish to perform information disclosure and portrayal for its viable applications. A crucial issue is how to quantitatively portray the fundamental qualities of Big Data. There is a requirement for epistemological ramifications in portraying information upheaval. Also, the review on the intricacy hypothesis of Big Data will assist with understanding fundamental attributes and arrangement of complicated examples in Big Data, improve its portrayal, improve information reflection, and guide the plan of registering models and calculations on Big Data.
Studies on seed germination of an indian Ginseng (Panax assamicus Ban. spec. nov.) for successful cultivation and conservation
Authors: Basnet Dewan , Dey Kalyan
Published: August 2022

A study was conducted for production of high-quality seedlings for domestication and large-scale commercial cultivation of Panax assamicus. The germination behaviour of graded seeds and post germination growth under different growing media were different. The results of germination percentage in highest to lowest order were in sand and leaf mould sand in 1:1 ratio. The effect of graded fruits containing double seeds showed highest germination per cent than fruits containing only one seed. Similarly, depulped seeds with darker brown seed coat showed higher than seeds with light brown seed coat. The post germination growth of seedling germinated out of two seeded fruit was highest among all the treatment.
The Hybrid Transtibial Technique for Femoral Tunnel Drilling in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Finite Element Analysis Model of Graft Bending Angles and Peak Graft Stresses in Comparison With Transtibial and Anteromedial Portal Techniques
Authors: Saltzman Bryan M. , Wang Shangcheng , Habet Nahir A. , Hong Ian S. , Trofa David P. , Meade Joshua D. , Fleischli James E. , Piasecki Dana P.
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this finite element analysis was to compare femoral tunnel length; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction graft bending angle; and peak graft stress, contact force, and contact area created by the transtibial, anteromedial portal (AMP), and hybrid transtibial techniques.

Methods:

Finite element analysis modeling was used to examine anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction models based on transtibial, AMP, and hybrid transtibial femoral tunnel drilling techniques. An evaluation of femoral tunnel length, graft bending angle, peak graft stress, contact force, and contact area was done in comparison of these techniques.

Results:

The femoral tunnel created with the hybrid transtibial technique was 45.3 mm, which was 13.3% longer than that achieved with the AMP technique but 15.2% shorter than that with the transtibial technique. The femoral graft bending angle with the hybrid transtibial technique (105°) was less acute than that with the AMP technique (102°), but more acute than that with the transtibial technique (109°). At 11° knee flexion, the hybrid transtibial technique had 22% less femoral contact force, 21% less tibial contact force, 21% less graft tension than the AMP technique. Yet, the hybrid transtibial technique had 41% greater femoral contact force, 39% greater tibial contact force, 33% greater graft tension, and 6% greater graft von Mises stress than the transtibial technique. A similar trend was found for the anterior knee drawer test. At both 6-mm anterior tibial displacement and 11° knee flexion, the hybrid transtibial and AMP techniques had at least 51% more femoral contact area than the transtibial technique.

Conclusion:

This finite element analysis highlights that the hybrid transtibial technique is a true hybrid between the AMP and transtibial techniques for femoral tunnel drilling regarding femoral tunnel length, graft bending angle, and peak graft stress.
Effect of high night temperature and CO2 on yield and seed quality of summer green gram (Vigna radiata) under soil plant atmospheric research (SPAR)
Authors: GUNA M  , SP. RAMANATHAN  , V. GEETHALAKSHMI  , K. CHANDRAKUMAR  , S. KOKILAVANI  , M. DJANAGUIRAMAN
Published: August 2022

An experiment was designed in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu during two successive summer seasons, 2021 and 2022, to investigate the effects of high night temperature (HNT) (ambient+3oC) and CO2 (600ppm) on the yield and seed quality parameters of green gram under ten treatments in SPAR (Soil Plant Atmospheric Research) and ambient conditions. The objective of this research was to i) quantify the short-term effects of HNT and CO2 on yield contribution factors and (ii) quantify seed quality parameters employing biochemical analysis. Green gram yield and quality parameters were significantly reduced under HNT and CO2 when compared to ambient condition. Pooled data from two successive summer seasons revealed that when stress was imposed from (i) 43 to 49 DAS (Day After Sowing), the number of flowers dropped per plant significantly increased by 41.3% (ii) 29 to 35 DAS, pod setting percentage decreased by 18.5% (iii) 36 to 42 DAS, grain yield and biomass/plant decreased by 26.9 % and 29.3%respectively. In aspects of seed quality parameters, data revealed that under stress (i) Seed protein decreased by 20.5% from 50 to 56 DAS. (ii) Total sugars, polyphenols, calcium and iron decreased by 17.7, 19.9, 19.9 and 37.3%, respectively from 43 to 49 DAS. (iii) Seed moisture was reduced by 19.7% during 57 to 63 DAS. (iv) The levels of proline and phytic acid increased by 64.3 and 33.8%, respectively, from 50 to 56 DAS and 43 to 49 DAS. Overall, green gram yield was adversely affected on three treatments from 35 to 56 DAS (flower initiation stage to pod filling stage) and seed quality parameters such as protein, total sugars, polyphenols, seed moisture, proline, phytic acid, calcium and iron were reduced under HNT and CO2 from 50% flowering to pod development stage (42 to 56 DAS).
Lifestyle that is Shared by "Silasaasanam"
Authors: S.P Salavanisree
Published: August 2022

Inscriptions found in the temples of Tamil Nadu help us to understand the ancient culture and lifestyle of the Tamils as well as how the literature and archaeological records can be used to understand the same. Inscriptions in temples are a source of global discussion and Tamil religion's contribution to Asian culture. There is also a word for a stone called "Silai" (idol). A notification is called an 'Uttharavu Saasanam' (charter). Hence, the inscription is also called Silasaasanam (Silai+Saasanam = Silasaasanam). Based on the data found in the inscriptions of the temples found in the Ponneri circle, the study of the necessity of the religious needs between the temples and the social organisations associated with them becomes the field of study. The inscriptions present the existence of this temple through the History of Inscriptions, Inscription Literature, Religion through Inscriptions, Ponneri Circular Inscriptions, the Lighting of Lamps in Temples, Penalties, Offerings, and Worship Expenses, Grants for Special Worships, Wages to Employees, Taxes, Dance Women's Contributions, and Special Treatises.
"Anganam" in Semantic Perspective
Authors: N Sulochana
Published: August 2022

Tamil is a dual-dialect language, written and spoken. It can be seen that the variety of a word differs depending on race and region. Linguists call this dialectical research. Although the meaning of the language spoken in one place is the same in another place, we see that the words and phonetics differ. A dialect is classified as a regional dialect depending on the place where it is spoken and as a social dialect based on the social status of the people who speak it. The purpose of this article is to investigate the word and meaning of the word “Anganam'' from semantic point of view. Semantics and lexicology are branches of linguistics.
Changes in Lifestyle in a Contemporary Environment-Communication
Authors: M Selvakumar , M Mahalakshmi
Published: August 2022

In today's era, if the world stops itself at one central point and directs itself along its path, then it must be said that it is information. Information is an easy-to-understand format, ranging from everyday applications of information to objects with an industrial background. Information is a form of notification of a specific message. Every action in our daily life has a history, and its beginning is also coming into our life. If we look back and relate it, today's days are moving as a result of the action taken. In this way, in today's contemporary situation, the changes in lifestyle due to information communication and the changes in communication in previous times can be seen in detail in this article. Through this article, we can see what kind of connection the king's majesty and the witness of the life of the monitor have made in today's contemporary environment.
Cooking Vessels in Ancient Literature
Authors: P Selvamary
Published: August 2022

The lives of the Sangam people are recorded in the literature of that time. The elements of the lives of people vary in many ways due to factors such as climate, politics, economy, religion, language, race, etc. The goods which are in circulation, i.e., in use in people's lives, are called "utility vessels." Utility vessels can be classified on the basis of their uses as cooking, eating, storage, or consumables. There are many utility vessels available at home. It is noteworthy that most of the items are related to cooking and food. "Cooking Vessel" refers to the vessels used in the kitchen or the cooking house. From the Sangam period till the 16th and 17th centuries, stoves like stone stoves, wood stoves, and husk stoves were mostly used. Mada (Large earthen vessel), Thudupu (Spatula), Talam (Tray), Kaal (Firewood), Naarari (Sieve), Matthu (churning rod), Ammi (grinding stone), Ural (Mortar), Ulakkai (Pestle), Trikai (quern), Sulaku (winnowing fan), etc. are traces of civilization. The mortar is a combination of two things: stone tools that are something to hold in the hand and a base. The use of many utility vessels for cooking can be determined based on their usage. Many of the cooking vessels used by the Sangam people have become scarce today. The vessels used in the kitchen are now lined up in the hall as decorative items. This study researches such utility vessels that are used in the kitchen or cooking houses.
Batticaloa, Tamil People and Music
Authors: Gopinath Thangarasa
Published: August 2022

The Batticaloa district is home to many folk music traditions. They were seen interwoven with all aspects of life, like worldliness, worship, entertainment, and business. Due to migration, urbanization, development of modern technology, continuous war, colonial rule, etc., the rich traditions of folk music such as kombumuri songs, dance drama songs, and midwifery songs have disappeared from the learning level and become obsolete. Some of these musical traditions, like dance drama songs, are being revived through universities. Also, due to the change of time, Western music, melodies (film songs), and Carnatic music gradually entered Batticaloa, Tamil Nadu. As a result, many of the main classical folk music traditions have become obsolete. The purpose of writing this research paper is that there are many musical traditions found in Batticaloa, Tamil Nadu, and its current status is to inform the youth and the world about the old musical traditions.
Life-Changing Communication in a Contemporary Context
Authors: D Anitha
Published: August 2022

Based on the method shown by nature the communication methods, that mankind uses today in many different ways, are obtained through science using the sixth sense of man. From the time when caves were used as homes to today when we are exploring ways of living in the sky, communication has been the basic need of mankind. During the Sangam era, there was a practise of announcing news by playing Murushu (drum). Based on this, it is known that the Tamils acquired the ideas of the elements of public communication in the Sangam period itself. In the classical period, there was a sharing of internal and external life messages. This article aims to examine how communication has played a role in the changes in life in the contemporary environment from then to today.
Education that Elevates Society
Authors: K.M Panbarasi
Published: August 2022

Education is what makes man. Social changes take place only through education. Education is the most important factor in the development of an improved society. In ancient Tamil Nadu, there have been changes in the teaching system of education, accountant's school, sangam period, Vedic education, Christian priests, Macaulay education system, today's education system, computer education, education technology, modern teaching methods, media role in teaching, television, internet, postal education, open universities and distance education, the role of the government. This article deals with the changes in learning in teaching from ancient times to this period.
The Virtue of Hospitality in "Perumpanatrupatai"
Authors: B Beula , N.R Shibaja
Published: August 2022

The civilization and lifestyle of the Sangam period created the trait of hospitality. People of that time prepared food for the newcomers who came to their town when there was no facility or opportunity to buy and eat food. The people of five types of land, namely Kurinji, Mullai, Marutham, Neythal, and Palai, showed hospitality according to their land structure, economic status, and customs. They welcomed the guests with pleasant words and fed them with joy. Since time immemorial, people have been seen as caring for the well-being of others. They had the best quality of entertaining guests. The people of ancient Tamil consider it a misfortune to see others hungry, even if they do not have food, and the idea of giving them their food and living is special. The women served the guests with what appeared to be rice food, curry food, and liquid food. Such lofty qualities are the ideals found among the people of ancient Tamil.
Bio-Cultural Changes in the Contemporary Environment
Authors: R Lakshmi
Published: August 2022

Culture is based on tradition. Changes in life refer to changes that occur over time. One represents antiquity and the other is modern. What is culturally appropriate is that the glory of the old is not changed by the new. According to the evidence of "Saandror Senra Neri" (Principle of wise men) in Puranaanuru, culture is an expression of the individuality of a race. Humanity is a practise of the adage "where all places are ours; all are our relatives." The human race, which started life in harmony with nature, has today destroyed nature for its own selfish interests. An immoral way of life is the reason for the destruction of the human race in the future. So let's respect the warning that nature gives us today and protect virtue.
Chathuragiri Hills Kunduruti Paliyars’ Herbal Medicine
Authors: K Kamaraj
Published: August 2022

Chathuragiri Hill is a hill in the Western Ghats located in the village of Chaptoor in Peraiyur Taluk of Madurai District. Chathuragiri is considered to be one of the highest mountains in India. It is noted that the second highest mountain is Nilgiri and the third highest is Chathuragiri. Also on Chathuragiri hill, there are temples called Sandhana Mahalingam and Sundhara Mahalingam. Special worships are held in these temples on Aadi New Moon days. People from various districts of Tamil Nadu participate in these rituals and worship. Chathuragiri Hill is also referred to as the hill where the eighteen Siddhas lived. Various rare types of herbal plants are also found on this hill. It is on such a special hill that the Kunduruti Paliyars live. The purpose of the study is to explain the medical methods and medicinal herbs used by the nomadic people living in the forest for the issues arising from a few insects living in the forest and sudden physical problems. The purpose of this study is to explain which herbal plants are used by Paliyar people for which diseases and how.
Management Competencies and Supervisory Practices of School Heads
Authors:   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7608-3012, P. Mallari Nesther ,   Tarlac State University San Vicente, Tarlac City, Philippines
Published: August 2022

This descriptive-correlational study aimed to assess and find out the relationship of management competencies and supervisory practices of non-principal school heads in public schools in Tarlac Province. The study found out that the domains of management competence in Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading, Controlling, Decision-making, and Motivation have significant relationship to their supervisory practices. Based on the findings of the study, the level of management competencies and supervisory practices among non-principal school heads in the public secondary schools in Tarlac Province is Proficient which makes them competent in managing and supervising the teachers. The limited trainings on new trends of management and supervisory practices and Lack of funds and resources to support the implementation of projects, programs, and activities, were Often found the most common problem encountered by the school heads. An action plan was proposed to help the non-principal school heads improve and enhance their teaching competence. It is recommended that the Department of Education may conduct different trainings to improve the management competencies and supervisory practices of the school heads. For future researchers, the results of the study could also be used as reference for parallel studies. Keywords: Supervisory Practices, Supervision, Management Competencies, Competency, Curriculum, Planning, Controlling, Staffing, Motivating, Decision Making
Portrait of the Best Practices of Public School Heads in Establishing School-Community Partnerships
Authors:   Tarlac State University, Tarlac City, Philippines, S. Tomajin Judea ,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3076-8531
Published: August 2022

Case analyses were conducted to identify the best practices of public elementary and secondary school heads of the Division of Tarlac City and Province regarding school-community partnerships. This study was focused on the best practices of the school heads in establishing and sustaining school-community partnerships as well as the challenges encountered. Data were gathered using interview and documentary analysis. All participants were awarded for having strong school-community partnerships and were evaluated with Level III (Advanced) Practice for School-Based Management during the school year 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. Results showed that school heads established successful strong school-community partnerships by constantly involving the stakeholders in decision-making and planning of all the activities of the school, soliciting feedbacks from them, assessing the needs of the school and the community, having shared vision, delegating tasks with the stakeholders, having constant communication, showcasing the school’s achievements, adhering to No Collection Policy, establishing clear organizational structure, signing of Memorandum of Agreement, and being transparent at all times. Data also revealed the challenges encountered by the school heads in establishing school-community partnerships which include low socioeconomic status of the members of the community, gaining the trust of the community and other stakeholders, negative notions about school-community partnerships, adjusting to the changes brought about by the pandemic, having individual differences, and being situated in a far-flung area. Inconsistent communication with stakeholders, difficulty with time management due to overlapping tasks, responding to changes, and the notion that an award-winning school no longer needs support were also challenges for school heads in sustaining partnerships. Despite these challenges, the cases maintained the motivation of their stakeholders by keeping constant communication with them, tapping all the stakeholders not just for financial support, but also for their skills, keeping all the partners updated on the school’s programs, activities, and projects, recognizing and awarding dedicated partners, and practicing shared leadership and governance. An Action Plan was proposed to address these concerns. Based on the findings and conclusions, schools should promote increased collaboration and cooperation among partners. School’s dedication plus community commitment equals successful learning. Keywords: School-Community Partnerships, Best Practices, Case Study, Department of Education-Tarlac, Philippines
The benefit-risk ratio of wearing face masks during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Kaiss Fatima , Rochd Tarik
Published: August 2022

In December 2019, the world has seen the appearance of a new respiratory virus that belongs to the Coronavirus family called SARS Cov2. This virus is highly contagious and at that point, there was no treatment or vaccine available against it.
The medical staff resorted to the use of personal protective equipment such as face masks to protect against Covid-19.
Soon, the use of facemasks became mandatory for individuals in many countries around the world and it is no longer restricted to medical personnel only.
However, in the light of the use of facemasks, which seems to be necessary, several questions arise concerning the benefits and risks associated with wearing these masks.
This review aims to clarify the protective role of facemasks against the spread of Sars-cov-2 and to focus on the risks that may pose to humans.
Our study shows that wearing protective masks is beneficial to protect against the spread of covid-19 in two ways, directly by limiting the diffusion of aerosols, and indirectly by reducing the face touching.
On the other hand, wearing face masks for long periods of time can affect the cardiopulmonary activity, lead to skin problems, such as(itching, rashes, burns, acne), or ocular problems, and headache, not to mention the impact on interpersonal communication by affecting the perception of voices on one side and the perception of faces and emotions on the other side.
In order to benefit from the advantages of masks while avoiding the risks that may be associated with their use, the general population must be educated on the proper way to wear these medical devices.