bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stability of HIV Frameshift Site RNA Correlates with Frameshift Efficiency and Decreased Virus Infectivity
Authors: Garcia-Miranda Pablo , Becker Jordan T. , Benner Bayleigh E. , Blume Alexander , Sherer Nathan M. , Butcher Samuel E.
Published: May 2016

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication is strongly dependent upon a programmed ribosomal frameshift. Here we investigate the relationships between the thermodynamic stability of the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA frameshift site stem-loop, frameshift efficiency, and infectivity, using pseudotyped HIV-1 and HEK293T cells. The data reveal a strong correlation between frameshift efficiency and local, but not overall, RNA thermodynamic stability. Mutations that modestly increase the local stability of the frameshift site RNA stem-loop structure increase frameshift efficiency 2-fold to 3-fold in cells. Thus, frameshift efficiency is determined by the strength of the thermodynamic barrier encountered by the ribosome. These data agree with previous
in vitro
measurements, suggesting that there are no virus- or host-specific factors that modulate frameshifting. The data also indicate that there are no sequence-specific requirements for the frameshift site stem-loop. A linear correlation between Gag-polymerase (Gag-Pol) levels in cells and levels in virions supports the idea of a stochastic virion assembly mechanism. We further demonstrate that the surrounding genomic RNA secondary structure influences frameshift efficiency and that a mutation that commonly arises in response to protease inhibitor therapy creates a functional but inefficient secondary slippery site. Finally, HIV-1 mutants with enhanced frameshift efficiencies are significantly less infectious, suggesting that compounds that increase frameshift efficiency by as little as 2-fold may be effective at suppressing HIV-1 replication.

IMPORTANCE
HIV, like many retroviruses, utilizes a −1 programmed ribosomal frameshift to generate viral enzymes in the form of a Gag-Pol polyprotein precursor. Thus, frameshifting is essential for viral replication. Here, we utilized a panel of mutant HIV strains to demonstrate that in cells, frameshifting efficiency is correlated with the stability of the local thermodynamic barrier to ribosomal translocation. Increasing the stability of the frameshift site RNA increases the frameshift efficiency 2-fold to 3-fold. Mutant viruses with increased frameshift efficiencies have significantly reduced infectivity. These data suggest that this effect might be exploited in the development of novel antiviral strategies.
Functional Incompatibility between the Generic NF-κB Motif and a Subtype-Specific Sp1III Element Drives the Formation of the HIV-1 Subtype C Viral Promoter
Authors: Verma Anjali , Rajagopalan Pavithra , Lotke Rishikesh , Varghese Rebu , Selvam Deepak , Kundu Tapas K. , Ranga Udaykumar
Published: May 2016

Of the various genetic subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), only in subtype C of HIV-1 is a genetically variant NF-κB binding site found at the core of the viral promoter in association with a subtype-specific Sp1III motif. How the subtype-associated variations in the core transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) influence gene expression from the viral promoter has not been examined previously. Using panels of infectious viral molecular clones, we demonstrate that subtype-specific NF-κB and Sp1III motifs have evolved for optimal gene expression, and neither of the motifs can be replaced by a corresponding TFBS variant. The variant NF-κB motif binds NF-κB with an affinity 2-fold higher than that of the generic NF-κB site. Importantly, in the context of an infectious virus, the subtype-specific Sp1III motif demonstrates a profound loss of function in association with the generic NF-κB motif. An additional substitution of the Sp1III motif fully restores viral replication, suggesting that the subtype C-specific Sp1III has evolved to function with the variant, but not generic, NF-κB motif. A change of only two base pairs in the central NF-κB motif completely suppresses viral transcription from the provirus and converts the promoter into heterochromatin refractory to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induction. The present work represents the first demonstration of functional incompatibility between an otherwise functional NF-κB motif and a unique Sp1 site in the context of an HIV-1 promoter. Our work provides important leads as to the evolution of the HIV-1 subtype C viral promoter with relevance for gene expression regulation and viral latency.

IMPORTANCE
Subtype-specific genetic variations provide a powerful tool to examine how these variations offer a replication advantage to specific viral subtypes, if any. Only in subtype C of HIV-1 are two genetically distinct transcription factor binding sites positioned at the most critical location of the viral promoter. Since a single promoter regulates viral gene expression, the promoter variations can play a critical role in determining the replication fitness of the viral strains. Our work for the first time provides a scientific explanation for the presence of a unique NF-κB binding motif in subtype C, a major HIV-1 genetic family responsible for half of the global HIV-1 infections. The results offer compelling evidence that the subtype C viral promoter not only is stronger but also is endowed with a qualitative gain-of-function advantage. The genetically variant NF-κB and the Sp1III motifs may be respond differently to specific cell signal pathways, and these mechanisms must be examined.
Nodular pulmonary light chain deposition disease: an entity associated with Sjögren syndrome or marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Arrossi A V , Merzianu M , Farver C , Yuan C , Wang S H , Nakashima M O , Cotta C V
Published: May 2016

Background

Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is usually a systemic disorder characterised by non-amyloid monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain deposition in tissues. Localised nodular pulmonary (NP) LCDD is a rare and poorly characterised entity and, owing to the difficulties in diagnosis, limited data are available.

Methods

We investigated the clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics of a series of six confidently diagnosed cases of NPLCDD.

Results

There were three men and three women with ages ranging from 33 to 74 years. In all cases there were single or multiple pulmonary nodules, in one case associated with cysts. Two patients had no previous history of a lymphoproliferative or autoimmune disorder, two had Sjögren syndrome (SS) and two had extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). Lung biopsies led to diagnoses of MALT lymphoma in four patients, including both of those with a previous history of lymphoma and one with SS. In five cases the diagnosis was confirmed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and in one by electron microscopy. There was no evidence of systemic LCDD in any of the cases. Five patients had an indolent course in spite of limited therapeutic intervention while, in the patient who died, the cause of death was related to the spread of the lymphoma and was not due to the pulmonary lesions.

Conclusions

NPLCDD is an indolent disease, in most cases associated with MALT lymphoma or autoimmune disease.
Design and Analysis of Multiple Parameters Optimized n-Bit Reversible Magnitude Comparators
Authors: Nagamani A. N. , Ashwin S. , Abhishek B. , Arjun K. V. , Agrawal V. K.
Published: May 2016

Reversible logic has gained its importance in the field of low power digital design. In any digital system, the comparator plays an important role in determining whether the two referenced numbers are either equal, greater or lesser. This work deals with optimization of existing reversible comparator designs and also proposes a new multiplexer-based logic for the design of reversible comparator along with design methodology for [Formula: see text]-bit comparators. The proposed design is optimized for multiple performance parameters compared to the existing state-of-the-art designs. The proposed multiplexer-based design has 51.9% improvement in quantum cost, 50% in garbage outputs and 62% in ancilla inputs. These optimized designs find application predominantly in the field of quantum computing for low power signal processing, parallel computing, memories, digital system design and multi-processing.
Analysis of entropy extraction efficiencies in random number generation systems
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Shuang , Chen Wei , Yin Zhen-Qiang , Han Zheng-Fu
Published: May 2016

Random numbers (RNs) have applications in many areas: lottery games, gambling, computer simulation, and, most importantly, cryptography [N. Gisin et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 (2002) 145]. In cryptography theory, the theoretical security of the system calls for high quality RNs. Therefore, developing methods for producing unpredictable RNs with adequate speed is an attractive topic. Early on, despite the lack of theoretical support, pseudo RNs generated by algorithmic methods performed well and satisfied reasonable statistical requirements. However, as implemented, those pseudorandom sequences were completely determined by mathematical formulas and initial seeds, which cannot introduce extra entropy or information. In these cases, “random” bits are generated that are not at all random. Physical random number generators (RNGs), which, in contrast to algorithmic methods, are based on unpredictable physical random phenomena, have attracted considerable research interest. However, the way that we extract random bits from those physical entropy sources has a large influence on the efficiency and performance of the system. In this manuscript, we will review and discuss several randomness extraction schemes that are based on radiation or photon arrival times. We analyze the robustness, post-processing requirements and, in particular, the extraction efficiency of those methods to aid in the construction of efficient, compact and robust physical RNG systems.
An Artificially Designed Interfering lncRNA Expressed by Oncolytic Adenovirus Competitively Consumes OncomiRs to Exert Antitumor Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Su Yinghan , Sun Bin , Ji Weidan , Peng Zhangxiao , Xu Yang , Wu Mengchao , Su Changqing
Published: May 2016

Endogenous miRNAs, especially oncogenic miRNAs (OncomiR), have been molecular targets for cancer therapy. We generated an artificially designed interfering long noncoding RNA (lncRNAi), which contains the sequences that can complementarily bind to multiple OncomiRs and is expressed by cancer-selectively replicating adenovirus. The adenovirus-expressed lncRNAi with high levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells competes with OncomiR target genes to bind to and consume OncomiRs, thereby achieving the targeted anti-HCC efficacy. With the targeting replication of adenovirus in HCC cells, lncRNAi was highly expressed and resulted in decreased abilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion, induced cell-cycle changes and apoptosis, and markedly changed the cellular mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in HCC cells. The optimal antitumor effect was also demonstrated on HCC cell line xenograft models and HCC patient–derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models in nude mice. This strategy has established a technology platform with a reliable therapeutic effect for HCC therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1436–51. ©2016 AACR.
Caracterização molecular dos fatores de virulência de estirpes de Escherichia coli isoladas de papagaios com colibacilose aviária
Authors: Knöbl Terezinha , Godoy Silvia Nery , Matushima Eliana Reiko , Guimarães Marta Brito , Ferreira Antonio José Piantino
Published: May 2016

Oito amostras de Escherichia coli isoladas de papagaios com colibacilose aviária foram sorogrupadas e investigadas para a presença dos fatores de virulência: pili associado a pielonefrite (pap), fímbria S (sfa), adesina afimbrial (afa), cápsula K1 (neu), curli (crl, csgA), hemaglutinina termosensível (tsh), enterotoxinas termo-lábil (LT) e termo-estável (STa e STb), Shiga-like toxinas (Stx1 e Stx2), Fator citotóxico necrotizante (cnf1), hemolisina (hly), aerobactina (iuc) e resistência sérica (iss). Os resultados mostraram que os isolados pertenciam a seis sorogrupos: O23; O54; O64; O76; O128 e O152. Os genes de virulência detectados foram: crl+ em todos os isolados; pap+; iss+ e iuc+ em três isolados, tsh+ em dois isolados. Todas as amostras foram negativas para os genes neu, csgA, sfa, afa, hly, cnf e para as toxinas LT, STa, STb, Stx1 e Stx2. Estes resultados sugerem que amostras de E. coli isoladas de papagaios apresentam alguns fatores de virulência das amostras do patotipo de E. coli patogênica para aves (APEC).
Animal geographies I
Authors: Hovorka Alice J.
Published: May 2016

Globalizing animal geographies scholarship illuminates the complexity of human-animal relations and the variety of topical realms and contexts in which interspecies encounters take place. This report highlights the multitude of ways in which humans think about, place and interact with animals around the world, as well as the range of circumstances, experiences and lives of animals themselves. Decolonizing animal geographies raises questions regarding sub-disciplinary tendencies, practices and assumptions, and encourages alternative paths for knowledge construction. This report argues for investigating further the implications of colonial, racial and cultural dynamics for human-animal relations, and embracing subaltern perspectives – both human and nonhuman – to ensure a diverse global community of animal geographies.
Time course of large ribosomal subunit assembly in E. coli cells overexpressing a helicase inactive DbpA protein
Authors: Gentry Riley C. , Childs Jared J. , Gevorkyan Jirair , Gerasimova Yulia V. , Koculi Eda
Published: May 2016

DbpA is a DEAD-box RNA helicase implicated in Escherichia coli large ribosomal subunit assembly. Previous studies have shown that when the ATPase and helicase inactive DbpA construct, R331A, is expressed in E. coli cells, a large ribosomal subunit intermediate accumulates. The large subunit intermediate migrates as a 45S particle in a sucrose gradient. Here, using a number of structural and fluorescent assays, we investigate the ribosome profiles of cells lacking wild-type DbpA and overexpressing the R331A DbpA construct. Our data show that in addition to the 45S particle previously described, 27S and 35S particles are also present in the ribosome profiles of cells overexpressing R331A DbpA. The 27S, 35S, and 45S independently convert to the 50S subunit, suggesting that ribosome assembly in the presence of R331A and the absence of wild-type DbpA occurs via multiple pathways.
Entropy in the evaluation of tremor parameters from the position of the chaos theory and self-organization
Authors: Черников  , Chernikov N. , Горбунов  , Gorbunov D. , Берестин  , Berestin D. , Стрельцова  , Streltsova T.
Published: May 2016

The evolution of biological systems on the example of measuring the parameters of tremor and values of the Shannon entropy of the same test (15 measurements on 15 samples) was carried out. Changes tremor pa-rameters observed both in the same subject or a group of subjects. The statistical parameters are unique, they are specific to a particular time interval Δt. In the framework of the theory of chaos, self-organization and for this reason it is always calculated in the two-dimensional quasi-attractor tremorograms or three-dimensional phase space of states. Calculation of entropy values Shannon showed that statistically the sample entropy does not vary, but the result of the matrix pairwise comparison of samples of entropy is similar to the result of the matrix pairwise comparison of samples from a random generator. The article demonstrates that the method of calculating the Shannon entropy E can be used in assessing the homeostasis parameters tremor regulation sys-tem, but it has low sensitivity.
The condition of the production of cytokines, soluble co-stimulatory molecules, intracellular signaling pathways and nitric oxide in patients with coronary heart disease on the background of low-intensity microwave therapy
Authors: Аржников  , Arzhnikov V. , Логаткина  , Logatkina A. , Бондарь  , Bondar S. , Терехов  , Terekhov I.
Published: May 2016

The concentration of cytokines of the family IL-10 (IL-10, IL-22, IL-24), interferon-gamma, soluble forms of co-stimulatory molecules CD28, CD80, CD152, as well as NO was investigated in patients with coronary heart disease in interstitial fluid. In addition, the level of caspase-1, inducible and endothelial forms of NO synthasis (eNOS, iNOS), protein kinase AKT1 and AMPK and the total antioxidant activity from the cell culture supernantat were evaluatedin the agranulocytic patients.

In the current study (in vitro) the impact on production of these mediators of low-intensity microwave radiation frequency of 1000 MHz, generated by an apparatus of low-intensity physiotherapy "Aquaton" was evaluated. Material of this study was whole venous blood of patients with angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome. The analysis of the results revealed a reduced level of NO, IL-24, as well as increased production of IL-10, IL-22 and the concentration of soluble forms of CD28, CD80, CD152 in patients with coronary artery disease in the interstitial fluid in comparison with practically healthy persons.

At a single irradiation of cell cultures whole blood by low-intensity microwave radiation frequency of 1000 MHz in patients with angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome there were an increasing of NO production by 20,6 and 25,5‰, IL-24 by 18,6 and 33,6‰, and a reduction in intracellular caspase-1 by 32,5 and 25,8‰, as well as increasing of the levels of IL-10 by 3,5 and 3,1‰, IL-22 by 28,7 and 26,5‰ and reduction of the levels of CD28 by 3,6 and 3,9‰, CD80 6,8 and 5,7‰, CD152 by 9,4 and 11,3‰, respectively. In addition, in terms of irradiation there is an increase in interstitial fluid levels of antioxidants by 37,1 and 49,2‰.
Data preparation for multivariante analysis in medecine and biology by algebraic model of constructive logic
Authors: Хадарцев  , Khadartsev Aleksandr , Китанина  , Kitanina K. , Хромушин  , Khromushin O. , Ластовецкий  , Lastovetskiy A.
Published: May 2016

An algebraic model of constructive logic is intended to build multivariate non-linear logical mathematical model and is widely used in analytical studies in medicine and biology. An important stage of its construction is the data preparation in accordance with the following requirements:

▪ The optimal choice of the analyzed factors with the following features: the pursuit of the researcher to involve the largest possible number of factors is a common mistake; factors must be independent; it is advisable to select only those factors that meet the research objectives; the ability of the algorithm to exclude certain fac-tors from the resulting mathematical model, it is observed, when the array of data input is sufficiently complete; the ability to use both continuous variables and discrete; the mathematical model is a more compact, if less factors are used, this model is easier to analyze and identify the characteristics of the test process.

▪ Verification of the data is the identification and correction of errors at the stage of entering the informa-tion into the database; using the built-in intelligent tools that facilitate the process of correct coding of medical information; additional data verification by using special techniques, such as the analytical testing method in the database records.

▪ Selecting of objective study with the following features: the goal can be represented not only two dis-crete (the goal is achieved or not achieved), but also a large number of them; the more discrete, the amount of base should be larger; possibility to use calculated target value by using various criteria.

▪ Presence of the necessary number of entries for a full analysis, it is necessary to ensure compliance with each of the target case (corresponding to the goal) at least two cases of non-target (not corresponding to the goal).

▪ Choice of software options is adequate available data.

These requirements will allow to performing the analytical studies in accordance with the required relia-bility.
Beyond museum walls: Visual narratives through images and history
Authors: de Alencar Valeria Peixoto
Published: May 2016

This article presents the analysis of visual narratives produced by 13–14-year-old students after visiting a historical exhibition at Museu Paulista of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Our goal was to understand which memories and reflections remained latent after the educational visit. In order to do so, we proceeded with a follow-up activity at the school the students attend. The discussion we propose concerning the relationship between image and history was mainly introduced by Burke, whereas Hooper-Greenhill focused on the images in a history museum context. Furthermore, we analyse to what extent a display designed 90 years ago can impact the production of these students. In addition, there was considerable effort by the museum educators to help them develop critical interpreting skills. The idea of ‘real learning’ of Atkinson also contributed to my considerations on the students’ work.
Emotional competence: a key leadership competence for university students
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Ma Cecilia M.S.
Published: May 2016

In the leadership literature, emotional competence is commonly regarded as an important quality of an effective leader. In this paper, the basic concepts and theories of emotional competence are introduced. The role of emotional competence in positive youth development and effective leadership is described. To help students appreciate the importance of emotional competence, a lecture on emotional competence was developed in a subject entitled “Tomorrow’s Leaders” at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The objectives, intended learning outcomes, lecture outline and lecture materials are presented in this paper. Issues regarding the teaching of emotional competence are discussed.
Socio-demographic and family determinants of emotional competence of high school students in Hong Kong: a 6-year longitudinal study
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Leung Janet T.Y.
Published: May 2016

To understand adolescent development in the Chinese context, developmental trajectories of adolescent emotional competence over time and the related socio-demographic and family determinants were examined in a 6-year longitudinal study. Over six waves of data collection, students were invited to complete a questionnaire measuring emotional competence, paternal and maternal control, father-child and mother-child relationship, family functioning and socio-demographic characteristics. Results showed that adolescent emotional competence showed a linear increase across time. At the initial stage, gender, paternal and maternal control, father-child and mother-child relationship and family functioning influenced adolescent emotional competence. Over time, maternal control, mother-child relationship and family functioning predicted changes in the trajectory of adolescent emotional competence. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IMPROVEMENT MODEL ON THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION SERVICES
Authors: Munizu Musra , Hamid Nurdjanah
Published: May 2016

This study analyzes the influences of students’ perceptions about the quality of higher education services to satisfaction; high quality of education services to the loyalty; and student satisfaction to the loyalty on private universities (PTS) in Makassar. The population used in this study was all students of economics faculty that have been studied over four semesters at big four PTS in Makassar. The sampling method used in this study was simple random sampling. The number of samples is 114 people. Both Descriptive Statistics and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used as method of analysis. The data processed by using IBM SPSS and AMOS 20. The result shows that the quality of higher education services significantly influence student satisfaction, the quality of higher education services significantly influence student loyalty, and student satisfaction significantly influences student loyalty. Loyalty is more determined by student satisfaction rather than the quality of higher education services.
The Impact of Deferred Tax Assets, Discretionary Accrual, Leverage, Company Size and Tax Planning Onearnings Management Practices
Authors: Widiatmoko Jacobus , Mayangsari Ika
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze and provide empirical evidence of the influence of deferred tax asset, discretionary accrual, leverage, company size, and tax planning on earnings management. Financial performance is an indicator that is required by company management to measure the effectiveness of company performance. This research used secondary data that was got from annual report published in www.idx.co.id and data from Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD). Populations of the research are manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2011-2013. Samples were selected by using purposive sampling method. There are 208 observations that will examined by logistic regression analysis. The result shows that deferred tax asset has negative and not significant effect to the earnings management, discretionary accrual has negative and not significant effect to the earnings management, leverage has negative and significant effect to the earnings management, company size has positive and significant effect to the earnings management, tax planning has positive and not significant effect to the earnings management.

Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh asset pajak tangguhan, discretionary accrual, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, dan perencanaan pajak terhadap manajemen laba. Kinerja keuangan adalah indikator untuk mengukur efektivitas perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari www.idx.co.id serta data dari Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD). Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2011-2013. Sampel dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Terdapat 208 observasi yang akan diuji dengan model analisis regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa asset pajak tangguhan memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap praktik manajemen laba, discretionary accrual memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap praktik manajemen laba, leverage memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap praktik manajemen laba, ukuran perusahaan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap praktik manajemen laba, perencanaan pajak memiliki pengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap praktik manajemen laba.

JEL Classification: G3, G32
The Promising Role of Dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT in Diagnosing Symptomatic Joint Prosthesis
Authors: Adesanya Olu , Foguet Pedro , Hutchinson Charles
Published: May 2016

Our purpose was to establish proof of principle case study for the use of dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT in the assessment of knee and hip prostheses. Approval was granted by the research ethics committee and informed
consent was obtained. This is a case study investigating the role of dynamic 18F NaF PET-CT in a patient with ilateral knee prostheses (1 symptomatic/painful and 1 asymptomatic). Both knees were studied with dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT technique to demonstrate the different pattern of uptake in normal/asymptomatic joint as well as painful joints with aseptic loosening. In addition, a knee aspirate was obtained from the symptomatic knee and serum C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sediment rate levels as well as a peripheral white cell count were
obtained in addition to 12 month clinical follow up. Images were obtained with multi-sequential dynamic image acquisition in list mode using GE HealthcareÂ® volume imaging protocol (ViP) after an intravenous injection of 250 MBq 18F-NaF. The images were interpreted as normal, loosening or septic loosening based on the graphical pattern of tracer uptake produced at the bone-prosthesis interface. A final diagnosis was made by a combination of joint aspiration microbiology and clinical follow-up for 1 year; in addition to C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sediment rate levels as well as peripheral white cell count. NaF PET results were compared with 3-phase dynamic bone scan results and plain radiographs. The degree of uptake in the symptomatic joint exceeded background
levels and also levels of uptake in the asymptomatic knee. The pattern of uptake and curve slope in both the asymptomatic and symptomatic joints matched the pattern of uptake in our hypothesis. Dynamic 18F-NaF PET-CT is a useful imaging modality for assessing painful joint prosthesis. It can differentiate between asymptomatic joints and aseptic loosening. However, more work is required for the detection of septic loosening.
Effect of genetic and non genetic factors on first lactation traits in Gir cows
Authors: Sawant* Pushkraj , Singh Basdev , Sawant1 Dhruvaraj , Yadav Satya Prakash , Bhinchhar Basant Kumar
Published: May 2016

A total record of 113 Gir individuals spread over a period of 18 years from 1995 to 2012, were analyzed to estimate the effect of genetic and non genetic factors on first lactation period, first lactation milk yield and first dry period. The overall means for first lactation period (FLP), first lactation milk yield (FLMY) and first dry period (FDP), were 343.58± 10.37 days, 1664.95± 280.72 litres and 177.29± 10.59 days respectively. The heritability estimates for FLP, FLMY and FDP were 0.168± 0.238, 0.112± 0.252 and 0.419± 0.234 respectively. The genetic correlation between FLP and FLMY was positive and significant, while it was low and negative between FLP and FDP. The genetic correlation between FLMY and FDP was positive and highly significant. The phenotypic correlations between all traits were high and positive.
Mechanized and profitable intercropping of legumes in autumn planted sugarcane
Authors: Khippal*1 Anil , Singh2 Samar , Chand2 Mehar , Sheokand3 Rajender , Singh3 Jasbir , Verma3 Ramesh , Kumar4 Rakesh
Published: May 2016

To increase the area, production and productivity of sugarcane and legumes/oilseeds for increasing the profit of the farmers’, field experiments were conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Karnal during 2005-06 and 2006-07 followed by demonstrations on intercropping of legumes/oilseed with sugarcane at farmers’ field in Kaithal district during 2009-10 and 2010-11. Cane yield did not reduce significantly due to intercropping except raya during 2005 -06. The percent incidence of pink borer, shoot borer, top borer and root borer remained below economical threshold level (ETL). In all intercropping systems, total land equivalent ratio (LERt) was greater than unity, indicated yield advantage for the intercropped plots. Land equivalent coefficient (LEC) followed the same pattern as LERt. Total area time equivalent ratio (ATERt) values showed an advantage (22-28 %) with all intercropping systems than sole cropping with maximum advantage from sugarcane + chickpea. Sugarcane was more competitive than pea and lentil intercrops, whereas, raya and chickpea were more competitive than sugarcane. Higher competitive ratio values for the intercrops (CRi) indicated that all the intercrops were more competitive than sugarcane. Total values of actual yield loss (AYL) showed an advantage of 22-38% from intercropping compared to sole cropping. Highest monetary advantage index (MAI) value was obtained from sugarcane + pea intercropping system (75779). However, the minimum MAI was obtained from sugarcane + lentil intercropping system (62382). Demonstrations on intercropping at farmers’ field also resulted in higher gross returns, returns over variable cost and benefit: cost ratio.
PENDUGAAN KEDALAMAN AIR TANAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK KONFIGURASI SCHLUMBERGER DI DESA BOJONGSARI, KECAMATAN ALIAN, KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Sehah Sehah , Aziz Abdullah Nur
Published: May 2016

Pendugaan kedalaman air tanah di Desa Bojongsari, Kecamatan Alian, Kabupaten Kebumen menggunakan metode Geolistrik konfigurasi Schlumberger telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 9 Oktober 2015. Pengukuran geolistrik dilaksanakan dengan cara menginjeksikan arus listrik ke dalam bumi dan mengukur beda potensial yang terjadi di tiga titik lokasi yaitu Bojongsari 01, Bojongsari 02, dan Bojongsari 03. Pengolahan data dan pemodelan dilakukan hingga diperoleh data resistivitas yang merepresentasikan jenis-jenis lapisan batuan bawah permukaan di daerah penelitian. Pada titik Bojongsari 01 lapisan akuiferair tanah dangkal diperkirakan tersusun atas pasir berbutir halus (0,85 Wm) dengan kedalaman 7,35–10,78 m dan lempung pasiran (13,25 Wm) dengan kedalaman 10,78–29,44 m, sedangkan lapisanakuifer dalam tersusun atas pasir berbutir halus (0,44 Wm) pada kedalaman 33,72 – 85,76 m. Pada titik Bojongsari 02 lapisan akuifer dangkal diperkirakan tersusun atas lempung pasiran (19,43 Wm) pada kedalaman 7,61–26,65 m dan pasir lempungan (3,18 Wm) pada kedalaman 26,65–43,32 m, sedangkan lapisan akuifer dalam tersusun atas pasir lempungan (5,97 Wm) pada kedalaman 53,94 m. Pada titik Bojongsari 03 lapisan akuifer dangkal diperkirakan tersusun atas pasir berbutir halus (1,18 Wm) dengan kedalaman 11,28–38,25 m, sedangkan lapisan akuifer dalam tersusun atas lempungpasiran berbutir kasar (28,02 Wm) dengan kedalaman 77,25 m. Berdasarkan hasil pemodelan di atas, lapisan akuifer yang diperkirakan paling cocok dimanfaatkan untuk proyek pengadaan air bersih di Desa Bojongsari, Kecamatan Alian, Kabupaten Kebumen adalah lapisan akuiferair tanah dalam untuk titik Bojongsari 01.
Induction Chemotherapy Followed By Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Versus Radiotherapy Alone In Locally Advanced HNSCC – An Experience From Medical College In West Bengal, India
Authors: Dasgupta Dr. Partha , Acharyya Dr. Santanu , Choudhury Dr. Debangshu Bhanja , Chakrabarty Dr. Amitabha , Choudhury Dr. Kakali , Choudhury Dr. Krishnangshu Bhanja
Published: May 2016

Introduction:

Locally advanced Head and neck cancers (LAHNSCCs) are emerging as an important public health issue in India. Our study was designed to provide NACT to LAHNSCC patients followed by comparison between chemoradiation versus only radiation in rural medical college.

Material and Method:

Histopathologically proven non-metastatic LAHNSCC were randomized into 2 arms. Patients in both arms initially received 3 cycles of NACT (inj Paclitaxel 175mg/m2 and inj Carboplation AUC 6, i.v, q 21 days). Thereafter they received definitive treatment accordingly: arm A (control arm) received conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT), 70 Gy in 35 # and in arm B (study arm) received conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT), 70 Gy in 35 # with concomitant 3 weekly cisplatin 100mg/m2. A RECIST v1.0 criterion was used for response assessment and toxicities evaluated by RTOG Acute and late Morbidity scorings.

Results:

Between July 2013 to December 2015, 140 patients were randomized into arms. Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal subsites together accounted for 36.4% patients. 70% of patients were in AJCC TNM 7th edition stage IV. 87.8% of patients completed the planned 3 cycles of NACT. Response assessment using RECIST v1.0 criteria after NACT were comparable in both arms with CR in 25% patients and PR in another 60% patients, p value 0.963. After completion of full treatment, 68.57% (48/70) patients in concurrent arm had CR against 55.72% patients (39/70) in only radiation arm, p value 0.241. At the end of study, 38 patients in arm A and 46 patients in arm B were eligible for response assessment. 24 patients (63.2%) in arm A were in complete response against 32 patients (69.6%) in concurrent chemoradiation arm, p value 0.535. Gastrointestinal and mucositis grade 3 toxicities were significantly increased in concomitant chemoradiation arm.

Conclusion:

Our study failed to show any statistical significant improvement in CR in favour of CTRT arm in our subset of patients. Yet definitive conclusion regarding use of only radiation cannot be made for LAHNSCC especially when combined with induction chemotherapy.
Synthesis and Electrophoretic Properties of Novel Nanoparticles for Colored Electronic Ink and e-Paper Applications
Authors: Jablonski Christelle , Grundler Gerhard , Pieles Uwe , Stebler Simon , Oehrlein Reinhold , Szamel Zbigniew
Published: May 2016

A new approach based on non-pigmented, stable colored nanoparticles able to migrate upon application of an electrical field (10–60 V) has been developed for the improvement of the color brightness of e-displays. The scientific challenges comprised the development of efficient
syntheses of tri- and bifunctional dendrimers including branching points for further extension and individual decoration with dye (yellow, magenta, cyan). The covalent attachment of these scaffolds to silica nanoparticles was performed via hydrosilylation and final in situ charging generated attractive silica shells for the substractive CMY color space model.
Biosorption at the HES-SO Valais-Wallis Sion Looking for Partners to Implement Innovative Technologies
Authors: Heinzelmann Elsbeth
Published: May 2016

Water pollution contributes to a number of health problems and disorders in humans, and dramatically affects wild animals and the environment as a whole. Biosorption is a sound and sustainable way to remove pollutants like metals, dyes, phenols, pesticides or drug metabolites from liquid
effluents. But despite active research worldwide, technical limitations still impede its widespread use. At HES-SO Valais-Wallis in Sion, Prof. Simon Crelier is working on the development of efficient, economically viable and scalable biosorption processes.
Les Britanniques et l’invention du Moyen-Orient : essai sur des géographies plurielles
Authors: Crouzet Guillemette
Published: May 2016

Cet espace stratégique d’échanges entre l’Orient et l’Occident fut inventé pour assurer la prospérité de l’empire des Indes, notamment sous l’administration britannique. Ses frontières bougent selon les intérêts géopolitiques, révélant la cartographie comme instrument de pouvoir.
Des sociétés brutalisées
Authors: Insel Ahmet , Kawakibi Salam , Bujon Anne-Lorraine , Bozarslan Hamit
Published: May 2016

L’insurrection syrienne contre la dictature a été réprimée dans le sang. L’opposition, loin de s’organiser, est récupérée par un discours religieux. La crise syrienne est compliquée par la guerre civile larvée qui sévit en Turquie et par la démission de l’Europe. Il y a pourtant une vitalité de la société civile syrienne.
« Courtisanes et femmes honnêtes »
Authors: Machiels Christine
Published: May 2016

Les premières résistances féministes à l’égard du contrôle de la prostitution posent la question des droits des femmes (y compris le droit à l’autonomie et à la liberté) sur le marché sexuel et matrimonial. Déclinée à l’envi ces dernières décennies, la comparaison entre prostitution et mariage jalonne en réalité les textes féministes depuis la fin du XIX e siècle. Cette contribution porte sur l’étude, dans une perspective d’histoire croisée, des différentes dimensions de l’analogie. Le débat féministe sur la prostitution illustre la diversité des projections réformistes, étroitement dépendantes des cultures politiques et des convictions personnelles différentes, sur le rôle moral de l’État (régulation des sexualités) dans la société moderne.
La question des quartiers dits « sensibles » à l’épreuve du ghetto
Authors: Avenel Cyprien
Published: May 2016

Dans cet article, nous discutons la notion de ghetto et son utilisation dans les travaux sociologiques en France pour caractériser l’évolution de certains quartiers d’habitat populaire. Nous proposons une mise en perspective critique des principaux courants de la littérature sociologique, notamment ceux qui se réfèrent à une analyse comparative avec le ghetto américain. Nous procédons dans cette optique à un examen des débats et des enjeux en les ordonnant autour de trois grands axes : le premier interroge la nature des mécanismes de ségrégation et ses dimensions « sociale », « urbaine » et « ethnique », afin d’évaluer la pertinence de l’application du terme « ghetto » ; le second concerne les conséquences de la ségrégation sur les modes de vie et les types de lien sociaux à l’œuvre ; enfin, le troisième analyse la place et le rôle des interventions publiques dans les dynamiques de ségrégation. La notion de ghetto pose en définitive beaucoup plus de problèmes qu’elle n’en résout. Elle se focalise sur les situations extrêmes et masque une réalité hétérogène et dynamique, là où d’autres pistes scientifiques plus sensibles aux contrastes et aux possibilités d’initiative et de construction des parcours de vie invitent à renouveler l’objet d’étude.
Résider en zus influe-t-il sur la mobilité quotidienne des actifs ?
Authors: Bouzouina Louafi , Havet Nathalie , Pochet Pascal
Published: May 2016

Cet article s’intéresse à la question de l’enclavement des zones urbaines sensibles, que la politique de la ville a pour objectif de réduire. Il propose une évaluation de l’impact du lieu de résidence des actifs occupés de l’aire urbaine de Lyon sur l’ensemble de leur mobilité quotidienne et sur celle liée au travail, en tentant en particulier d’isoler l’impact propre du fait de résider en zus . L’analyse repose sur la dernière enquête Ménages déplacements lyonnaise de 2006 enrichie d’autres sources de données spatialisées. À une résidence dans un quartier zus correspondent un nombre total de déplacements plus faible, des distances et des durées de mobilité quotidienne plus courtes. La contribution de l’effet propre du lieu de résidence, net de l’influence de toute autre caractéristique, est de l’ordre de 2 km et de 7 minutes de moins par jour. En revanche, pour les seuls allers-retours domicile-travail, l’effet propre «  zus  » opère dans le sens opposé : toutes choses égales par ailleurs, les actifs résidant dans un quartier avec zus parcourent 1,5 km de plus par jour que les actifs résidant dans d’autres quartiers, soit 10 % de temps en plus. Ces différences, modérées mais statistiquement significatives, corroborent plutôt les hypothèses d’enclavement et de mauvais appariement spatial des actifs des quartiers défavorisés et incitent à poursuivre ce type d’analyses sur d’autres contextes urbains.
Temporalité et élaboration mémorielle du nazisme en Allemagne
Authors: Sœur Marielle
Published: May 2016

L’auteur suit le processus d’élaboration mémorielle du nazisme engagé par l’Allemagne depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale et en dégage quatre temps : d’abord le temps de la mémoire des crimes avec l’urgence à édifier la vérité, juger, condamner, indemniser, puis le temps de la mémoire des victimes et du devoir de mémoire avec la construction de mé-moriaux permettant l’amorce d’un travail d’élaboration mémorielle, suivi du temps de la mémoire et de la pédagogie avec les centres de documentation et la transmission du travail de mémoire, et enfin le temps nécessairement inachevé de l’élaboration mémorielle pour le travail de civilisation.
From Utilitarianism to Paternalism: When Behavioral Economics meets Moral Philosophy
Authors: Hédoin Cyril
Published: May 2016

La plupart des économistes comportementaux considèrent que leurs résultats expérimentaux ont des implications normatives de nature paternalistes . Ces derniers tendent en effet à défendre l’idée que les résultats de l’économie comportementale impliquent logiquement l’extension du champ d’intervention de l’État dans le fonctionnement de l’économie de marché. Cet article montre que cette conclusion dépend d’un raisonnement normatif implicite difficilement défendable en raison de l’adhésion de l’économie comportementale à l’économie du bien-être standard. On propose une reconstruction de la défense du paternalisme par les économistes comportementaux en termes de fonction de bien-être social comportementale à maximiser et tenant compte du fait que les individus font des choix incohérents. Cependant, cette défense nécessite une théorie des préférences rationnelles dont l’économie comportementale est dépourvue. Il est de plus montré que la défense du paternalisme dans un cadre welfariste amène à ignorer la dimension de la personne en tant qu’agent. D’autres défenses du paternalisme sont envisageables mais elles impliquent en toute probabilité l’abandon par l’économie comportementale normative du welfarisme.
Parameter Analysis of the Reinforcement for the Width and Spacing Control of the Early-Age Cracks in Concrete
Authors: Sonnenschein Robert , Bilčík Juraj , Gajdošová Katarína
Published: May 2016

Early-age volume changes in concrete induced by temperature change, hydration, autogenous and drying shrinkage can lead to concrete cracking and this can have lasting effects on serviceability, durability or aesthetics of the structure. The restraint to thermal movement is the product of the coefficient of the temperature fall from a peak level during cement hydration and a restraint factor. In most cases it is not necessary and also not economical to avoid cracks. In these cases, crack widths are limited due to water tightness, durability or aesthetic reasons. If early-age thermal cracking cannot be prevented, crack width can be controlled with reinforcement. The reinforcement distributes cracks and consequently reduces their widths and spacing. As a result, there forms a large number of smaller cracks instead of a few through-cracks. This means, that due to the formation of fine cracks, the strain capacity of a reinforced concrete element before the occurrence of through cracks can be increased with the help of skin reinforcement. This paper discusses the parameters of reinforcement affecting the width and spacing of early-age cracks in concrete. The effect of reinforcement on early-age cracking in concrete was investigated on numerical simulation and in full-scale experiments. The test variables were the reinforcement ratio and the cover thickness of the longitudinal reinforcing bars.
Analysis of the Effect of Elevated Temperature on Reliability of Shear Strengthened Concrete Beams
Authors: Sabol Peter , Priganc Sergej
Published: May 2016

This article presents the results of experimental research focused on the shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with one of the latest and most promising method: NSM - Near surface mounted reinforcement. In recent years, research in this area focuses on combination of epoxy and FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) materials suitable for strengthening concrete elements. A traditional material: stainless steel was also used in this study but in non-traditional T-cross section in terms of strengthening of concrete members. Structural epoxy adhesives offer excellent properties but are very sensitive to elevated temperatures. Effect of increasing temperature gradually degrade their properties and subsequently decreased bond strength, whereas during cooling may acquire significant parts of the original strength. The influences of these factors were investigated in shear resistance of NSM strengthened concrete beams under four point bending at ambient temperature, at elevated temperature and after cooling to ambient temperature.
Deterioration of Concrete by Leaching in Conditions of Long-Term Bending Performance - Simplified Theoretical Approach
Authors: Paulík Peter
Published: May 2016

Based on the results of previous research it could be stated that the deterioration of concrete elements by leaching process could be described by the simplified diffusion function. However the results of Schneider and Chen showed that the deterioration of concrete elements by leaching could differ significantly if they are subjected to permanent bending performance. Their experimental data pointed out that after a certain time the deterioration course of loaded concrete elements significantly changes and these elements lose their strength faster than the unloaded control specimens.Article outlines the possible theoretical solution of this phenomenon. The developed theoretical models where applied to the experimental results of Schneider and Chen [3], [2]. The main task was to find a simplified engineering solution to the problem of the stress corrosion of the concrete in ammonium nitrate solution.