bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Ethical Leadership, Teacher Capacity Building, and School Culture on the Performance of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Teachers
Authors: Ananda Rusydi , Sukoco Sugeng , Khairuddin
Published: September 2024

This research is based on problems related to teacher performance seen from the perspective of the influence of ethical leadership, teacher capacity building, and school culture. The research objective is to describe: and school culture on teacher performance. (1) ethical leadership has a significant effect on school culture, (2) teacher capacity building has a significant effect on school culture (3) ethical leadership has a significant effect on teacher performance, (4) teacher capacity building leadership has a significant effect on teacher performance, ( 5) school culture has a significant effect on teacher performance, (6) ethical leadership has a significant effect on teacher performance through school culture (7) teacher capacity building has a significant effect on teacher performance through school culture and (8) the simultaneous influence of ethical leadership, teacher capacity building on teacher performance. The research method used is quantitative research using an expostfacto approach. The research population was 757 madrasah tsanawiyah teachers in Batubara Regency with a selected sample of 238 spread across 53 madrasas. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire designed with a Likert scale. The research hypothesis was tested using path analyst data analysis techniques. The research results show: (1) ethical leadership has a significant effect on school culture by 45.00%, (2) teacher capacity building has a significant effect on school culture by 66.90%, (3) ethical leadership has a significant effect on teacher performance of 33.00%, (4) teacher capacity building has a significant effect on teacher performance of 59.80%, (5) school culture has a significant effect on teacher performance of 37.50%, (6) ethical leadership has a significant effect on teacher performance through school culture was 61.40%, (7) teacher capacity building had a significant effect on teacher performance through school culture by 65.60%, and (8) ethical leadership, teacher capacity building, school culture simultaneously had an effect on performance Teacher. The findings of this research have the implication that efforts to improve teacher school culture can be done by increasing teacher capacity building among Madrasah Tsanawiyah teachers.
The Leadership of Shaikh H. Bahruddin Talib Lubis in the Education Sector
Authors: Simatupang Wandana , Mesiono  , Asnil Aida Ritonga  , Selamat Pasaribu
Published: September 2024

This research aims to answer the problems: (1) To comprehensively analyze the history and struggle of H. Syaikh Bahruddin Talib Lubis in establishing and carrying out his leadership in the field of education in madrasas in particular and the relevance of the education system in North Sumatra to date, (2) Providing color in the education system and development across generations of different ages and periods, as well as providing learning lessons for the importance of strengthening the foundations of educational leadership that cadres and regenerates. This research method uses qualitative library research with a semantic approach, which means that language studies consist of structures to reveal meaning, when meaning is connected to objects in human experience. Meanwhile, the qualitative approach emphasizes descriptive analysis techniques in the qualitative comparison process of literature, regarding the dynamics of relationships between observed phenomena using scientific logic based on observation data, interviews and documentation . Based on the qualitative comparative research process of literature, this research produces results; 1) Implementation of the Leadership of Shaikh H. Bahruddin Talib Lubis in the Education Sector; a) The Shaikh is descended from a prominent and respected family with a strong Islamic religious knowledge by emulating his predecessors, and is loved by the public and admired by his contemporary ulama. b) The Shaikh has visionary leadership, characterized by an education system that is implemented beyond his time. 2) Influence and Leadership Reputation of Sheikh H. Bahruddin Talib Lubis in the Education Sector; a) The Shaykh has a very broad scientific caliber and exceeds the scientific knowledge of the average person of his contemporaries, b) The Shaykh has a firm, consistent and disciplined character. Be tough on those who are wrong and deceitful, soft on people who are committed to education and Islamic teachings. 3) Community Support for the Leadership of Shaikh H. Bahruddin Talib Lubis in the Education Sector; a) The Shaikh is very tolerant and open to accepting suggestions and criticism from society, b) The Shaikh focuses on da'wah and education. preaching personally and organizationally. Educated culturally and institutionally. 4) Strengths and Weaknesses of Sheikh H. Bahruddin Talib's Leadership in the Education Sector; a) Strength, positive character, consistent focus in the mission of preaching and education. Resilient and never giving up from being hit by the problems of the social order of life, b) Weaknesses, cadre formation and regeneration in sustainable education.
Patient Factors Associated with 10-Year Survival After Arthroplasty for Hip Fracture
Authors: Tohidi Mina , Grammatopoulos George , Mann Stephen M. , Pysklywec Alexandra , Groome Patti A.
Published: September 2024

Background:

The aim of this study was to describe long-term (10-year) patient survival after arthroplasty for hip fracture and to determine what patient factors are associated with that outcome.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients ≥60 years old who underwent either hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture between 2002 and 2009. We used routinely collected, validated health-care databases linked through ICES (formerly known as the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences). We estimated the association between baseline variables and survival 10 years post-fracture using Poisson regression. Restricted cubic spline functions modeled the probability of 10-year survival by age and tested whether there was an inflection point after which the probability of 10-year survival decreased more rapidly. We estimated 10-year survival probabilities for different patient groups.

Results:

There were 19,659 patients in the final cohort. Eighteen percent (3,564) of the patients were alive at 10 years postoperatively. Factors associated with a higher likelihood of 10-year survival included younger age, female sex (risk ratio [RR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46 to 1.68), lower American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class (ASA I or II versus IV or V: RR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.76 to 2.19), independent living status (RR = 2.68, 95% CI = 2.23 to 3.22), and fewer specific comorbidities. A threshold age of 73 years was the inflection point after which the probability of 10-year survival decreased more rapidly in females. Estimated 10-year survival probabilities ranged from 79.0% (95% CI = 75.5% to 82.5%) to 0.8% (95% CI = 0.6% to 1.0%).

Conclusions:

Approximately 1 in 6 patients live at least 10 years following a hip fracture. This study identifies baseline characteristics that predict survival greater than 10 years, including an age of <75 years, an ASA class of I or II, and independent living status prior to the hip fracture. Results can inform discussions around treatment choices, anticipated outcomes, and the natural history of hip fractures.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa pada Soal Cerita Matematika dalam Pembelajaran Missouri Mathematic Project
Authors: Marsitin Retno , Elmantoro Yohanes , Susilo Djoko Adi
Published: September 2024

Kondisi yang saat ini dialami siswa, terjadi berbagai kesalahan- dilakukan saat menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika. Akibat dari kesalahan siswa, tidak banyak siswa yang dapat mengerjakan soal cerita matematika dengan tepat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan pada soal cerita matematika dalam pembelajaran Missouri Mathematic Project (MMP). Penelitiam dilakukan di SMP Negeri 4 Jangkang Kabupaten Sanggau Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif  dengan analisis data yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan pengecekan data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, tes dan wawancara. Keabsahan data menggunakan trianggulasi metode. Hasil penelitian bahwa kesalahan membaca tidak menemukan kesalahan pada subjek penelitian yang menunjukan tidak ada indikasi kesalahan membaca pada siswa. Kesalahan memahami ditemukan ada empat subjek melakukan kesalahan yang mengindikasikan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita ada kesalahan siswa. Kesalahan tranformasi ditemukan dua subjek yaitu tidak menuliskan rumus yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan soal, dan aspek keterampilan ditemukan bahwa tidak ada siswa yang melakukan kesalahan. Kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir ditemukan siswa dominan melakukan keslahan pada akhir jawaban soal. Disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran Missouri Mathematic Project (MMP) berhasil dan memenuhi KKM sekolah. Peneliti selanjutnya, sebaiknya pertanyaan yang diajukan dapat menggali letak kesalahan siswa agar mengetahui lebih lengkap jenis kesalahan berdasarkan kriteria Newman.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Inkuiri untuk Literasi Matematika
Authors: Aprilia Budiarti Ika , Suwanti Vivi , Adi Susilo Djoko
Published: September 2024

Pendidikan di Indonesia kini semakin menggalakkan budaya literasi di sekolah. Salah satu literasi yang banyak dikembangkan saat ini adalah literasi matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangakan E-LKPD berbasis inkuiri yang valid, layak, dan efektif untuk membangun kemampuan literasi matematika peserta didik. E-LKPD ini dikembangkan dalam cakupan materi bangun ruang kubus, balok dan prisma. Model penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Untuk mengukur kevalidan E-LKPD, dilakukan validasi oleh 3 ahli yaitu ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli pembelajaran. Pengukuran kelayakan dan keefektifan dilakukan pada subjek penelitian sebanyak 27 peserta didik kelas VII. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa 1) tingkat kevalidan media 85,71%, materi 93,75%, dan pembelajaran 92,42%, 2) tingkat uji kelompok kecil 86,90% dan kelompok besar diperoleh 77,63%, dan 3) tingkat keefektifan kelompok kecil 74,44% dan kelompok besar 76,34%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahawa E-LKPD berbasis inkuiri untuk literasi matematika valid, layak dan efektif digunakan sebagai bahan ajar.
Opportunities for Upper Mississippi River system sand to support coastal beach nourishment
Authors: Emery Benjamin , Theiling Charles , Conover Suzzanne , Popkin Breann , Asborno Magdalena
Published: September 2024

This research presents an opportunity to review the concept, status, and cost of using Upper Mississippi River (UMR) riverine dredged sand to nourish coastal beaches for increased resilience. Several dredged placement sites, transport modes, commercial and industrial uses, and end-point destinations will be identified in regional assessments and several specific UMR sediment to Great Lakes beneficial use projects will be reviewed here and assessed in greater detail during this research investigation.
Features of using SLA‑technology in the manufacture of molds for lost wax casting
Authors: Nikitin K. V. , Dyachkov V. N. , Kharchenko S. V. , Yudin D. M. , Yudina K. A.
Published: September 2024

The results of using SLA‑technology in the manufacture of molds for obtaining wax models in lost wax casting are presented. 3D printing modes of molds have been developed to ensure the required roughness of the working surfaces and durability of the resulting molds. The optimal parameters for pressing the wax composition into molds made using SLA technology have been established. It is shown that the use of SLA technology for the manufacture of molds makes it possible to obtain wax models and castings of the required quality. An experimental technology has been developed for the production of castings from bronze by casting according to smelted models.
Structural heredity in the casting of eutectic cast iron
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: September 2024

It has been shown that the effect of structural inheritance in casting eutectic cast irons can be explained from the standpoint of nanostructured crystallization of foundry alloys. Proposed is a mechanism of structural heredity when casting eutectic cast irons. This mechanism is determined by the stability of the crystallization centers of microcrystals of austenite, graphite, cementite. This stability has been shown to depend on the concentration of adsorbed oxygen atoms. The higher this concentration, the less stable the centers of crystallization of microcrystals of austenite, graphite, cementite in melts of eutectic cast irons, and vice versa. With an increase in overheating and (or) the holding time of melts, the concentration of adsorbed oxygen atoms in them increases. As a result, structural stability during remelting of eutectic cast irons is reduced and the effect of structural heredity is disturbed.
About the structure of water
Authors: Stetsenko V. Yu.
Published: September 2024

It is shown that during 10–10–10–11s, only clusters consisting of 4 or 3 water molecules can statistically form in water. It is shown that Brownian motion in water occurs as a result of collision of ice nanocrystals with Brownian particles. Brownian motion is an experimental confirmation of the nanocrystalline structure of water. It is shown that water consists of 13 % molecules and 87 % ice nanocrystals. Such a two‑phase structure provides water with structural properties, high fluidity and elasticity of steam.
DESIGN OF A NOVEL DEW POINT INDERECT EVAPORATVE COOLER: PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Urso Alessandra , Velasco Gómez Eloy , Tejero González Ana , Nocera Francesco , Evola Gianpiero , Costanzo Vincenzo , Andrés Chicote Manuel
Published: September 2024

Evaporative coolers may represent a promising alternative to conventional cooling technologies based on vapor compression systems. Indeed, they present lower production and operative costs, as well as lower environmental impact. The present study aims to develop a novel Dew Point Indirect Evaporative Cooler (DPIEC), by combining simplicity, hence low production costs, and higher cooling performance. The design proposed has mixed flow configuration and is made of polycarbonate plate covered with cotton cloth as wicking material. Two prototypes with different length are experimentally tested for two different water distributors. The performance of the novel DPIEC is evaluated and compared in terms of temperature drop, dew-point effectiveness, cooling capacity and compactness. The results show that the long prototype performs better in terms of temperature drop and dew point effectiveness, but  yields lower cooling capacity and is less compact. In addition, it is observed that the distributor that supplies water over the system performs better, independently on the prototype. These results can serve as reference for future designs of mixed-flow DPIEC.
ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING PARAMETERS ON AN OFF-DESIGN INDIRECT EVAPORATIVE COOLING MODEL
Authors: Andrés Chicote Manuel , Tejero González Ana , Velasco Gómez Eloy
Published: September 2024

Evaporative cooling has been considered for sustainable and efficient air-conditioning since ancient times. Nowadays, improved concepts have led to a large variety of applications from direct conditioning of indoor and outdoor environments up to sensible air-cooling through different configurations of Indirect Evaporative Cooling (IEC) schemes. However, better understanding and mathematical modelling of the process is still needed for design and operational optimization of such systems. This work addresses a MATLAB implementation of an off-design model for a crossflow IEC unit based on previous literature work. Then, multiple parametric runs are conducted to identify the influence of critical process characteristics and modelling aspects such as heat and mass transfer coefficients and surface wettability. Results provide insight to further modelling and simulation research, also extending the approach to other system designs and flow configurations.
DESARROLLO DE CANALES FABRICADOS CON MATERIALES FOAM PARA ENFRIAMIENTO EVAPORATIVO
Authors: Conrat Estonllo Paula , Comino Francisco , Castillo-González Jesús , Navas-Martos Francisco J. , Ruiz de Adana Manuel
Published: September 2024

El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de enfriamiento evaporativo de un canal de aire fabricado con materiales foam mediante técnicas de fabricación aditiva. Este canal, tiene el mismo comportamiento energético que el de un módulo de enfriamiento evaporativo directo (DEC) o los canales húmedos de un módulo de enfriamiento evaporativo indirecto (IEC). El canal fue fabricado mediante un filamento compuesto por ácido poliláctico (PLA) y un agente químico de soplado, el cual permite generar porosidad. La técnica de fabricación aditiva usada fue Fabricación por Filamento Fundido (FFF). Diversos ensayos experimentales fueron realizados para el canal bajo condiciones de laboratorio, con diferentes velocidades (V1 =4,2 m/s, V2 = 9,4 m/s, V3 = 14,6 m/s, V4 = 19,8 m/s), y altos valores de temperatura de bulbo seco (40 ºC). Los resultados experimentales mostraron alta capacidad de enfriamiento, con reducciones de temperatura de aire entrada-salida de hasta 23,6 ºC y una eficiencia de bulbo húmedo hasta 0,86.
SCRUM METHODOLOGY FOR LEARNING: APPLICATION ON REFRIGERATION COURSE
Authors: Hassan Abdelrahman H. , Marchante-Avellaneda Javier , Barceló-Ruescas Francisco
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the applicability of an agile project management methodology called "Scrum" in postgraduate engineering studies, specifically for managing a refrigeration project. The main objective is to convert an educative project into a real-life project with different challenges and objectives. In this scenario, the teacher plays the role of the product owner, who creates a product backlog containing the main requirements for reaching an ultimate goal by groups of students called "development teams." The team leader, or Scrum master, organizes meetings, controls the workflow, and acts as a link between the team and the product owner. Within the Scrum framework, the project is divided into short work cycles of two weeks named "sprints." After each sprint, an intermediate result should be released and reviewed in accordance with the objectives established. This innovative methodology is expected to teach the students many values, such as awareness, focus, commitment, courage, and respect, besides promoting many soft, hard, and metacognition skills inside them.
EVALUACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL DEL R455A COMO SUSTITUTO AL R410A EN UNA BOMBA DE CALOR GLICOL-AGUA
Authors: Ortega Ignacio , Sieres Atienza Jaime , Cerdeira Fernando , Santos José Manuel
Published: September 2024

El R410A es un refrigerante ampliamente utilizado en bombas de calor domésticas. Sin embargo, el potencial de calentamiento atmosférico (PCA) del R410A es de 1924, por lo que, en los últimos años, y ligado a políticas medioambientales, se han venido proponiendo distintos refrigerantes alternativos con valores inferiores del PCA. Una posible alternativa al R410A es el refrigerante R455A, que tiene un PCA inferior a 150.
Este artículo presenta un estudio experimental de sustitución directa del R410A por R455A en una bomba de calor glicol-agua. Los componentes principales de la bomba de calor son un compresor tipo scroll, dos intercambiadores de calor de placas soldadas (condensador y evaporador) y una válvula de expansión electrónica. A partir de mediciones experimentales, se calculan parámetros como el COP, la potencia calorífica, la temperatura de descarga del compresor o el consumo de energía eléctrica del compresor para los dos refrigerantes.
Nueva red de distrito frío y calor 100% renovable. Descarbonización de edificios en el Campus Universitario de Rabanales de la Universidad de Córdoba
Authors: Ruiz de Adana Santiago Manuel , Romero-Lara María Jesús , Comino Francisco , Hidalgo-Moreno Rafael , Sanromán Claudia , Herrador Miguel , Martínez Jon
Published: September 2024

En el marco del proyecto H2020 Wedistrict (UE) se ha desarrollado una instalación demostrativa de red de distrito frío y calor 100% renovable en el Campus Universitario de Rabanales de la Universidad de Córdoba. La instalación demostrativa cubrirá la demanda de calefacción y refrigeración de los edificios Da Vinci I, II y III y la demanda de calefacción delEstadio Deportivo Monte Cronos. Se pretende descarbonizar el consumo energético de climatización de un conjunto de edificios mediante soluciones innovadoras de calefacción y refrigeración renovables. En la instalación se integran tres tecnologías solares diferentes, doscalderas de biomasa, una enfriadora de absorción y una unidad de enfriamiento de aire renovable (RACU) además de una Plataforma de Digitalización Avanzada. Esta instalación puede operar con seis modos básicos en frío y otros seis modos básicos en calor, combi nandodistintas tecnologías para cubrir la demanda energética de los edificios. La instalación permitirá identificar la combinación de tecnologías renovables más ventajosa en redes de distrito frío y calor desde el punto de vista energético, económico, social y medioambiental.
ANÁLISIS TERMODINÁMICO A UN COMPRESOR ENFRIADO MEDIANTE CHILLER Y ENFRIAMIENTO EVAPORATIVO
Authors: González Peto Eduardo , Lugo Leyte Raúl , Torres Aldaco Alejandro , Ambriz García Juan Jose , Lugo Méndez Helen Denise
Published: September 2024

Las condiciones del medio ambiente son fundamentales para analizar correctamente los sistemas energéticos, el cambio en ellas representa un cambio en los recursos. Para un sistema de generación de potencia, cuando la humedad relativa aumenta y la temperatura del medio ambiente disminuye, el trabajo suministrado al compresor disminuye. Existen diferentes sistemas capaces de enfriar el aire aspirado por el compresor, como los sistemas de compresión de vapor (chillers) y los enfriadores evaporativos, mostrados en la Figura 1. Los chillers se pueden utilizar en ambientes con humedades relativas altas y los sistemas de enfriamiento evaporativo en ambientes secos. En este trabajo se realiza la comparación termodinámica de ambos sistemas aplicados al compresor de una turbina de gas a condiciones de P=1atm, T=25°C y f=0.6.  El aire aspirado por el compresor se enfría a 19.62°C; la humedad relativa y la eficiencia exergética obtenida en el VC1 son de 0.84 y 6%; mientras que, para el VC2 son de 1 y 79%. El recurso del VC1 y del VC2 es una potencia de 478kW y un flujo másico de agua de 0.3127 kg/s, respectivamente. El compresor requiere una potencia de 55.83MW en el VC1 y 55.52 MW en el VC2.
Reliability analysis of steel plate welded joints considering uncertain data
Authors: Rane Suraj Surendra , Chopra Vinay
Published: September 2024

Fatigue reliability analysis based upon limited and uncertain data brings uncertainties in the inputs such as probability distributions and their respective parameters. However, in practice, the data is compiled by conducting physical tests. The uncertainties based on limited physical test data need to be carefully evaluated. Underestimation or overestimation of the reliability based upon uncertain data and the variability in experimental conditions needs to be evaluated. The uncertainties pertaining to distribution are mitigated using statistical tools. Literature is available wherein either parametric or non-parametric distributions are used to estimate Reliability for uncertain data. However, this paper attempts to use both parametric as well as non-parametric distributions on a set of uncertain data and tries to compare the Reliability. First, the experimental data is assumed to follow the Weibull and Lognormal distribution. The fit of these distributions with the assumed distributions are evaluated and then the reliability is estimated for these distributions. Since the data is limited and uncertain, a non-parametric estimator such as the Kaplan-Meier estimate is used to compute reliability. This paper attempts to fit appropriate failure distribution to uncertain data. The approach is applied on steel plate welded joints and the data on a number of cycles up to failure was studied.
Efficacy of acupuncture in improving ovarian function in patients with Poor Ovarian Response: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yuan Rongli , Wang Mengjing , Wang Tianyu , Li Zhi , Wu Jie
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Poor Ovarian Response(POR) is a serious and intractable clinical problem that reduces egg success and pregnancy outcomes in assisted reproduction, so there is an urgent need to find an effective treatment in addition to pharmacological therapies. Several studies have shown that acupuncture has the ability to improve ovarian function in women, but there is a paucity of research on acupuncture in ovarian POR, and it is worth exploring the clinical protocol and mechanisms of efficacy of acupuncture.
Methods and analysis: This is a randomised controlled clinical trial protocol and the participants in this study will be female patients aged 30-45 years old undergoing IVF assisted reproduction for POR. Patients will be randomly assigned to trial and control groups by computer-generated sequences, and the groups in this study are: trial group: acupuncture + COS group (Group A), control group: non-meridian, non-acupuncture point placebo acupuncture + COS group (Group B) and COS alone group (Group C). All three groups received the same ovulation induction treatment. In addition, Group A received 8 weeks of real acupuncture treatment, Group B received 8 weeks of non-menstrual, non-acupoint comfort acupuncture treatment, and Group C did not receive any treatment before ovulation promotion. Sex hormone 6 was measured on the second day of menstruation in the month of registration and on the second day of menstruation in the month of the ovulation promotion cycle, and the number of sinus follicles was examined by transvaginal ultrasound in the three groups, respectively. The main observations of this trial will be the number of eggs retrieved and embryological parameters, and the patients' peripheral blood, follicular fluid and stool will be tested. The final data will be analysed by t-test or non-parametric test.
Ethics and dissemination: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ethics Approval No. 2023KL-019) and registered in a publicly accessible database. This study was supported by an institutional grant from Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The results of the study will be presented through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2300077441
A study on the impact of perceived financial constraints on Chinese consumer preferences for livestreaming scenarios
Authors: Zhan Ying , Deng Xin , Xu Junfei
Published: September 2024

In recent years, China’s economic growth rate has slowed down, the consumption level has increased, the financial pressures on people have risen, and more and more consumers feel financial constraints. Through two experiments, this study explored the impact of the sense of financial constraint on consumers’ livestreaming scene preferences and the dual roles of mediation and moderation of their flow experience. Experiment 1 used a one-way completely randomized design to measure the sense of financial constraint and initially verified that consumers in a state of financial constraint reduce their browsing preferences for artificially constructed types of livestreaming scenes. Experiment 2 used a two-by-two completely randomized design to confirm that a sense of financial constraint reduces consumers’ browsing preference for artificially constructed livestreaming scenes and reduces the mediating and moderating roles of flow experience on the sense of financial constraint and consumers’ browsing preference for artificially constructed scenes. This study not only enriches the related research on the sense of financial constraint in the field of consumer psychology but also complements and improves the research on e-commerce livestreaming and provides certain reference suggestions for e-commerce enterprises’ scene selection and consumers’ pursuit of individual happiness.
Subvoxel control of fiber orientation via multidirectional shearing in 3D printing
Authors: Seta Berin , Brander Marco , Sandberg Michael , Mollah Md. Tusher , Kumar Vipin , Spangenberg Jon
Published: September 2024

Anisotropy, the characteristic of materials exhibiting different properties based on their direction1,2,3,4, is widespread in nature. Conventional manufacturing techniques5 often fall short in recreating such complex, localized anisotropy6,7,8. On the other hand, 3D printing allows for precise fiber deposition when producing anisotropic composites9,10,11,12. However, current methods are not able to produce fiber configurations in all three directions on a strand level, preventing full replication of the intricate anisotropy found in natural materials. To address this, we present a novel technique that provides subvoxel control using multidirectional shearing through nozzle rotation and inclination in the material extrusion additive manufacturing process. This approach allows for uniquely manipulated microstructures within a strand, indistinguishable to the naked eye. We outline the re-orientation mechanisms of fibers and demonstrate through experiments and computational simulations the effects of different process parameters on fiber configurations. This includes scenarios with fibers transversal to the print direction and local near-isotropic regions. Replicating such complex anisotropy holds potential across several fields, including wearables13,14 and biomedical implants15, lightweight composite structures16, and energy storage technologies such as batteries and supercapacitors17,18.
Clinical Genetic Services in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy: Current Activity and Open Issues. A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Godino Lea , Ambrosini Enrico , Barili Valeria , Graziano Claudio , Garavelli Livia , Calabrese Olga , Neri Marcella , Sangiorgi Luca , Bertonazzi Benedetta , Innella Giovanni , Turchetti Daniela , Percesepe Antonio
Published: September 2024

Purpose
In 2002, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy, a comprehensive strategic plan was developed with the aim of improving the integration and efficiency of the genetic services. Two decades later, this report aims to explore the current functioning of the regional network, with special focus on clinical genetics in the evolving scenarios. To this aim, we analyzed the activity data of the medical genetics services in the region, to identify critical issues and to propose possible improvements.
Method
This is a mixed-method study, analyzing quantitatively and qualitatively the activities of seven medical genetics services in Emilia-Romagna region. Quantitative analysis considered the number of consultations and the composition of the staff in the year 2021. Qualitative analysis examined a focus group of directors of the services through reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
A total of 14,925 counseling sessions have been delivered by the medical genetics services, staffed with 22.4 full-time equivalent clinical geneticists. A physician performed an average of 14.5 consultations per week and approximately 1166 hours of patient care per year. The clinical geneticists/inhabitants ratio was 0.54, and it is estimated that one every 278 inhabitants, on average, underwent a genetic counseling session in 2021. Qualitative analysis highlighted issues concerning patients' access to service, general organization and staff composition.
Conclusions
In order to meet the growing demand for genetic counseling services, expansion of the workforce and adjustment of current practice models are required to increase the access to genetic services and the application of test results to clinical management.
Evaluating the Role of Conservative Therapy in Cervical Spondylodiscitis: Efficacy of Medical Versus Interventional Pain Treatments
Authors: Yalçın Çiğdem , Çelik Ali Kutta , Demirtaş Oğuz Kağan
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
Spondylodiscitis is a severe infection of the spinal discs, often leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The cervical spine is a rare site for this condition due to better blood and lymphatic supply. The primary treatment goal is infection control through long-term antibiotherapy, followed by pain and functional restoration via medical, physical, and interventional therapies. Surgery is reserved for cases with progressive neurologic deficits or severe instability.
Methods
This retrospective study, approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee, included patients diagnosed with cervical spondylodiscitis from December 2017 to January 2023. Exclusions were thoracic/lumbar spondylodiscitis, malignancy history, severe deformities, progressive neurologic deficits, or incomplete data. Diagnosis was based on multidisciplinary evaluations, clinical history, physical examination, and various laboratory and imaging tests. Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving interventional pain treatments (Group 1) and those receiving medical pain treatments (Group 2).
Results
Out of 132 patients, 21 met inclusion criteria. The average age was 58.33 years, with a mean follow-up of 28.80 months. Interventional treatments showed superior pain reduction (NRS: 1.11 vs. 2.33, p = 0.017) and greater improvement in Neck Disability Index (NDI: 76% vs. 56.66%, p = 0.0009) compared to medical treatments. Both groups showed significant improvements in SF-12 scores and disability percentages, with no significant difference in cervical lordosis angles post-treatment.
Conclusion
Both medical and interventional pain treatments post-antibiotic therapy effectively improve pain, disability, and quality of life in cervical spondylodiscitis patients. Interventional treatments, targeting the pain source, may offer greater benefits. Further prospective studies are necessary to validate these findings and refine treatment approaches. Surgery remains crucial for select patients with specific indications.
Clinical outcomes of a minimally invasive isolated medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction technique without considering bone anatomical factors in patients with patellar instability
Authors: Zhang Yongqiang , Wu Meng , Zhou Yadong , Wang Bo , Shen Yong , Yang Yalong , Li Yang , Liu Junliang , Hu Na , Yin Zhanhai , Zhang Zhao
Published: September 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinical results of a minimally invasive anatomic reconstruction technique for isolated MPFL in cases of recurrent patellar instability, without consideration of Patella alta, TT-TG distance, and trochlear dysplasia.
Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on prospectively collected data from patients who underwent minimally invasive isolated MPFL reconstructive surgery at Norinco General Hospital between 2014 and 2019. Preoperative evaluation included assessment of the J-sign, trochlear dysplasia according to Dejour classification, patellar height using the Caton-Deschamps index (CDI), and tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance. Postoperatively, Kujala score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, and Tegner score were assessed. Complications such as re-dislocation of the patella, patellar fracture, hematoma formation, and knee stiffness were recorded as failure if they severely affected knee function after MPFL reconstruction.
Results: A total of 106 patients (Average age, 21.5 ±5.9 years; 68% females; mean follow-up, 7.2±1.6 years) were included. 28 individuals (26%) presented with a preoperative positive J-sign, trochlear dysplasia was observed in 102 cases (A,48%; B,22%; C,18%; D,8%). The mean CDI value was 1.18±0.16 (range,0.9-1.5); average TT-TG distance, 21.0±3.8 mm (range,10-26 mm). The final follow-up mean Kujala score was 83.2 ± 14.6 (range 40-100); mean IKDC score, 77.8 ± 12.6 (range 24 - 93); mean Tegner score, 4.0 ± 1.8 (range 1-9). Postoperative patellar instability and re-dislocation were observed in 5 patients (5%). Knee pain emerged as the most prevalent postoperative complication (17%). Joint release surgery was required for two patients experiencing postoperative knee stiffness. The Kujala score of 70 patients was ≥80, and the clinical excellent rate reached 66%. Patients with positive J-sign and severe trochlear dysplasia before surgery are more likely to have unsatisfactory results（Kujala score＜80）, and both have significant differences. However, the two anatomical factors, CDI and TT-TG value, had no statistical significance on the satisfied and unsatisfied results of Kujala scores.
Conclusion: The reconstruction of the isolated medial patellofemoral ligament has shown positive clinical results in treating patellar instability. Especially for young female patients, a minimally invasive MPFL reconstruction technique with minimal scarring leads to increased patient satisfaction. However, in cases where preoperative assessment shows a positive J-Sign and severe trochlear dysplasia, it may be necessary to consider incorporating bony procedures such as tibial tubercle osteotomy or trochleoplasty.
Directional deficits in reactive postural control during perturbations among groups of chronic ankle instability, ankle sprain coper, and healthy control
Authors: Kim Minjun , Kim Sehee , Kim Junyoung , Hopkins J. Ty , Choi Wiha , Oh Sehoon , Son S. Jun
Published: September 2024

Unanticipated postural control measures may better identify mechanisms of ankle sprains in real-life situations. The purpose of this study was to identify directional deficits in reactive postural control during horizontal perturbations among groups of chronic ankle instability (CAI), ankle sprain coper, and healthy control. Sixty-eight volunteers (24 CAI patients, 23 ankle sprain copers, and 21 healthy controls) participated in this study. The participants performed a single-leg stance with unanticipated horizontal perturbations in four random directions of anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral. Anterior-posterior time to stabilization (APTTS) and medial-lateral time to stabilization (MLTTS) were calculated as an indicator of reactive postural control during horizontal perturbations. A significant interaction effect of the group x perturbation directions (3 x 4) was found. Both CAI and coper groups showed longer APTTS and MLTTS during medial and lateral horizontal perturbations compared to the control group. However, no difference was found in APTTS and MLTTS during anterior and posterior horizontal perturbations between three groups. Directional deficits in reactive postural control during medial and lateral perturbations could result from reflexive sensorimotor deficits as consequences of lateral ankle sprains in the coper and CAI groups.
Efficient Resource Allocation Algorithm for Maximizing Operator Profit in 5G Edge Computing network
Authors: Liu Jing , huang yuting , Deng Chunhua , Zhang Longxin , Chen Cen , Li Keqin
Published: September 2024

Resource allocation in edge computing is a research hotspot and difficulty in academia and Industry. The nature like urgency and the priority of tasks are not taken into account, which is adverse to obtain a good solution. Meanwhile, 5G has the characteristics of higher network speed, high reliability, low latency, and low-power massive connections. In this article, we present a novel algorithm to solve the multi-objective resource allocation problem in 5G edge computing (EC) network, aiming to maximize the operator profit and minimize the total completion time of tasks with priorities from the perspective of service operators under time and workload constraints. The algorithm is based on the beluga whale optimization algorithm, and it utilizes three methods to update the positions of beluga whales by swimming, predating, and migrating. In addition, to enhance the ability to escape from local optima during searching the best beluga whale position, it uses centroid information to improve the process of searching the optimal position, and adds the mutation operation in the process of position updating. Simulated results show that the proposed algorithm is high efficient in terms of reducing total task completion time and improving the revenue for operators, compared with existing strategies.
How trait-based interactions shape the stability and structure of mutualistic networks
Authors: Bachmann Jan Timo , Drossel Barbara
Published: September 2024

Mutualistic interactions including pollination are essential for the functioning of ecosystems, but increasingly endangered due to anthropogenic disturbances. Understanding factors that affect their stability is therefore essential. We use a population dynamics model in combination with a trait-based network architecture to investigate the stability and structure of bipartite mutualistic networks. We find that pollinator specialisation increases robustness, i.e.~the proportion of surviving species, when survival is limited by pollinator competition, by low interaction strengths, or by high mortality rates. In the opposite situations, networks with more generalists are more robust. When plant-pollinator interactions depend in an asymmetric way on their trait difference, nestedness is increased compared to a model with symmetric interactions, and specialists and generalists show a different distribution in trait space. Increased nestedness is only in some situations correlated with a higher robustness, while in other situations the correlation is negative or neutral.
Diversity of hirudin and hirudin-like factor genes in the North-African medicinal leech, Hirudo troctina
Authors: Ahmed Raja Ben , Abilov Amina , Müller Christian
Published: September 2024

Medicinal leeches of the genus Hirudo inhabit large areas of the Palaearctic realm. The distribution range of Hirudo troctina includes the southern Iberian peninsula and the northwestern regions of Africa. H. troctina is used for medical purposes, but only very little is known about the components of its salivary gland secretion. Hirudins, bivalent inhibitors of thrombin, are probably the best known leech-derived bioactive factors. Hirudin-like factors (HLFs) represent another class of salivary gland components that share characteristic genetic and structural markers with hirudins. Some HLFs are potent thrombin inhibitors as well, whereas the biological targets of others remain obscure. Hirudin is not a single entity, but exists in at least four different variants, namely hirudin variant (HV) 1 (VV), HV2 (IT) and two subvariants of HV3 (PAYD and PAFN). Strikingly, Hirudo medicinalis comprises genes for all four variants, whereas Hirudo verbana lacks the gene for HV2 and Hirudo orientalis contains genes for both HV3 subvariants only. Differences were also observed for the distribution patterns of the HLF genes. Here we describe the identification and molecular cloning of 11 genes that encode for several putative hirudin and HLF variants in H. troctina. Three of the genes consist of exons and introns that originate from different "archetype" genes and are likely the result of recombination events. The diversity of hirudin and HLF genes in H. troctina outnumbers all other Hirudo species. The putative hirudin variants and representatives of the HLFs were expressed, purified and functionally characterized for their thrombin-inhibiting potencies.
A Cognitive-Behavioral and Exercise Intervention to Reduce Fear of Falling in Older Adults in Long-Term Care: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lenouvel Eric , Biedermann Andreas , Bruhin Lena , Peyneshki Iliya Petkov , Schweizer Claudia , Krebs Christine , Alpiger Patrick , Kloeppel Stefan
Published: September 2024

Objective
This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and exercise intervention (AGES) to reduce fear of falling (FoF) in older adults in long-term care (LTC) facilities.
Method
A single-arm, non-randomized pilot study was conducted in three LTC facilities with 19 participants (17 women, 2 men, mean age = 84 years). The intervention consisted of 8 weekly one-hour group sessions led by trained leaders, combining CBT discussions and exercises targeting FoF. Outcome measures included the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Gait analysis was performed using a Lidar-based method, developed for this pilot study.
Results
The intervention did not significantly reduce FoF (FES-I: pre = 27.28, post = 25.67, p = 0.411) or improve well-being (WHO-5: p = 0.125). However, significant improvement in mobility was observed (TUG: pre = 14.68, post = 13.40, p = 0.032). Gait analysis showed marginal improvements in gait parameters. Implementation challenges included recruitment and leader engagement.
Discussion
The AGES intervention Pilot trial demonstrated feasibility in LTC settings and improved mobility among participants. The small sample size might have limited the detection of significant changes in FoF and well-being. Future studies should aim for larger sample sizes and address recruitment challenges to validate the intervention's effectiveness. Further refinement of gait analysis methods for participants using walking aids is necessary.
The Visual Pathway: A Valuable Biomarker of Disease Duration and Cognitive Function in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Zhao Yali , Yang Yuan , Liu Mao , Ba Li , Ding Fengfei , Wu Hongyu , Tang Jiahui , Gong Zhenxiang , Li Zehui , Zhang Jing , Zhang Min
Published: September 2024

Objectives
To investigate the relationship between visual pathway and disease duration and cognitive function in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Methods
31 ALS patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. Patients were categorized into the ALS-early and ALS-late groups according to disease duration. Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS) was performed for all patients. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness via optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of the optic nerve (ON), optic tract (OT), and optic radiation (OR) via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were compared between three groups. Associations between OCT or DTI parameters and clinical parameters were assessed by correlation analysis for patients.
Results
RNFL thickness was increased in ALS-early (106.95 ± 10.52µm, P = 0.008) but not in ALS-late (102.67 ± 11.70µm, P = 0.510) compared to controls (98.23 ± 14.41µm). FA and MD of ON were similar between three groups. OT-FA was decreased in both ALS-early (0.4784 ± 0.0508, P < 0.001) and ALS-late (0.4785 ± 0.0572, P < 0.001) compared to controls (0.5304 ± 0.0496). OR-MD was higher in ALS-late than controls (0.9672[0.9417–1.0735] vs. 0.9241[0.8777–0.9810], P = 0.027). Executive domain of ECAS was negatively correlated with ON-FA (r=-0.326, P = 0.010) and positively correlated with ON-MD (r = 0.353, P = 0.005), OT-FA (r = 0.269, P = 0.034), and OR-FA (r = 0.291, P = 0.022).
Conclusions
Changes in the anterior and posterior visual pathway occurred in an earlier and later disease stage, respectively. DTI parameters of individual segments of the visual pathway were correlated with cognitive parameters, suggesting the mechanism of trans-synaptic degeneration in the cognitive dysfunction in ALS.