bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educating pre-service school librarians about race, racism, and whiteness
Authors: Burns Petrella Julia
Published: October 2022

The racial makeup of the field of school librarianship is overwhelmingly white, standing in stark contrast to the racial demographics of today’s K-12 student population in our nation. Studies of white educators working with racially minoritized students show many detrimental effects, including deficits-based thinking and lowered academic expectations, highlighting how vital it is that pre-service school librarians learn about topics of race, racism, and the effects of whiteness in their school library preparation programs. Set within a framework of Critical whiteness Studies, my doctoral research investigates the structural and individual factors that influence the ways that today’s pre-service school librarians are taught about topics of race, racism, and whiteness. My methodology includes interviews with school library program coordinators, course instructors, current school librarianship students, and recent graduates of school library programs, as well as document analysis of course syllabi, educator preparation standards, and other relevant texts.
Canadian Pediatric Intensive Care Adaptations for Critically Ill Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Parchomchuk Evan , Holt Tanya , Hansen Gregory
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed Canadian hospitals with adult admissions. A large number of adult patients required critical care therapies, placing significant strain on hospital resources. In order to decompress adult intensive care units, pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) introduced adapted models of traditional care to lessen these burdens.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to evaluate how PICUs across Canada adapted care for the high volumes of critically ill adults.

METHODS

A survey containing 40 questions was sent to the medical directors of 14 Canadian PICUs where English was the primary clinical language. The survey was designed to gain perspective on the various adaptations that PICUs instituted during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS

Of the 13 PICUs that returned survey responses (response rate: 13/14, 93%), 10 (77%) participated in at least one adaptation to support the influx of admitted adults with COVID-19. The key challenges included disorganization, loss of autonomy, and compromised patient care. The significant advantages of these adaptations included a sense of learning and comradery.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study highlighted an unpreparedness in critical care surge capacity. During the COVID-19 pandemic, adaptations rapidly emerged in Canada that involved PICUs with adult care. In the future, preplanned adaptations for optimizing robust critical care services should be developed based on what has been learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Brown Planthopper Egg Parasitization in Rice Fields with Different Growth Ages
Authors: Sulistyawati Yurista , Trisyono Y. Andi , Witjaksono Witjaksono
Published: October 2022

The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is one of the most important pests attacking rice plants. One of the strategies to control this pest is by using natural enemies, including egg parasitoids. This study aimed to investigate the species of N. lugens egg parasitoids and their parasitism levels in one rice ecosystem with different growth stages. The research was conducted by selecting three rice plots aged 3, 6, and 10 weeks after planting. Potted rice plants with N. lugens eggs were placed in those rice plots for two days and recollected for observations. The same release was repeated 3 weeks later at the same rice plots in the same site. Egg parasitoids of N. lugens found during this study were Oligosita sp. and Anagrus sp. The highest number of egg parasitoids were found at the rice plants aged 6 weeks after planting with 14.50 and 13.50 individuals collected during first and second trapping, respectively. In addition, the level of parasitism ranged from 6.89-22.26% with the highest parasitism was occurred in the 6-week old rice. These findings may suggest that different rice planting dates may benefit the egg parasitoids of N. lugens which could reduce the risk of outbreaks.
Infrastructure REITs Empower “New Infrastructure” during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Chinese Case Study
Authors: Wenwen Zhang
Published: October 2022

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the development of new infrastructure in China. Thus, the term “new infrastructure” appeared for the first time and frequently in official documents at the national level, having become a kind of prescription for China’s move away from policies focused on controlling the disease towards those that promote the resumption of economic growth. The financing of this new infrastructure depends on innovative financial instruments, namely real estate investment trusts (REITs). The focus in this article is on the ways in which REITs make new infrastructure possible using as a case study the country’s first domestic REIT designed for the purpose, the China United Fund-Zheshang Asset Management, Shanghai-Hangzhou, Huizhou- Hangzhou Expressway Asset Support Special Plan, which was successfully issued on the Shanghai Stock Exchange on September 24, 2019. The analysis presented here indicates that infrastructure REITs have laid much of the foundation for economic growth in China and provides a basis for some suggestions for making the most of this financial instrument.
УГЛУБЛЕНИЕ САМОКОНТРОЛЯ КОНТРОЛЬНО-­ПРОВЕРОЧНОЙ АППАРАТУРЫ ИЗДЕЛИЙ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ: УТОЧНЕНИЯ И ДОПОЛНЕНИЯ К ПРЕДЫДУЩИМ МАТЕРИАЛАМ
Authors: Белов С.
Published: October 2022

В статье приведена новая информация, полученная автором в процессе длительной практической работы по углублению самоконтроля КПА изделий систем управления, а также объекты и методы контроля, разработанные на основе этой информации в дополнение к методам, предложенным в ранее опубликованных материалах по этой тематике.
НОВЫЕ КОМПОЗИТНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ ТЕРМОРЕГУЛЯЦИИ МОЩНОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Терешенок А. , Потапов С.
Published: October 2022

Рассмотрены новые композитные материалы для терморегуляции мощной электроники, выпускаемые ООО «НПП «Металл-­Композит» и рядом зарубежных производителей. Приведена информация о составе и характеристиках этих материалов.
РАЗРАБОТКА ОДНОКРИСТАЛЬНОГО ПЕРЕДАЮЩЕГО МОДУЛЯ СО ВСТРОЕННЫМ СИНТЕЗАТОРОМ ЧАСТОТ
Authors: Калёнов А. , Недашковский Л. , Дроздецкий М. , Лосев В. , Чаплыгин Ю.
Published: October 2022

Одним из ключевых трендов развития микроэлектроники сегодня является разработка систем на кристалле малой площади с низким энергопотреблением, выполняющих большое количество задач. В статье представлены результаты разработки однокристального широкополосного передающего модуля со встроенным синтезатором частот для обработки сигналов высокой мощности.
Опыт применения лазерных и аддитивных технологий для изготовления элементов современных промышленных газотурбинных установок
Authors: Земляков Е.В. , Алымов Н.Р. , Вильданов А.М. , Бабкин К.Д. , Иванов С.Ю. , Кислов Н.Г. , Тарасов Д.С. , Мятлев А.С. , Ивановский А.А.
Published: October 2022

Для обеспечения конкурентоспособности
высокотехнологичных производств требуется внедрение новых технологий
обработки материалов. На примере изготовления газосборника камеры сгорания
газотурбинной установки ГТЭ‑65.1 показаны технологические возможности современных лазерных и аддитивных технологий. Описаны
основные стадии подготовки к изготовлению
высокоточных заготовок методом прямого
лазерного выращивания из жаропрочного
никелевого сплава и нержавеющей стали
и их последующей обработки. Приведены
результаты металлографических исследований, механических испытаний и контроля геометрии, подтверждающие высокий уровень качества получаемых изделий. Продемонстрирована возможность комбинации аддитивных технологий, технологий лазерной сварки и резки и технологий термической, механической и электроэрозионной обработки при изготовлении технически сложных узлов
и деталей.
Влияние лазерного легирования и наплавки на механические и триботехнические свой­ства поверхностей сталей
Authors: Бирюков В.П.
Published: October 2022

В работе представлены результаты
металлографических и триботехнических
исследований образцов стали 20Х13
легированной с помощью лазерного луча
порошком Fe-Cr-
V-
W-Mo и с добавлением
в шихту 5 об. % нано-порошка карбида тантала. Элементный анализ показал, что
легирующие элементы, находящиеся в шихте распределены равномерно по глубине слоя. Поперечные колебания лазерного луча
привели к повышению производительности
процесса лазерного легирования. В результате анализа результатов триботехнических испытаний, установлено, что легированные слои имели более низкие коэффициенты трения при добавке в шихту нано карбидов тантала, и более высокую износостойкость по сравнению с основной шихтой и исходной сталью.
СРЕДСТВА БЛОКИРОВКИ НЕКОРРЕКТНОГО ОТКЛЮЧЕНИЯ ШНУРОВ ПРИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯХ КОНФИГУРАЦИИ СКС
Authors: Семенов А.
Published: October 2022

Приведен обзор технических средств поддержки администрирования структурированной кабельной системы, применение которых заметно снижает риски непреднамеренного разрыва действующего тракта передачи при изменении конфигурации. Показано, что эти средства делятся на две основные разновидности. Определены перспективы частичной автоматизации процедур внесения изменений в БД системы администрирования СКС в случае использования техники данного класса.
АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННАЯ СИСТЕМА ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕННОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ БРИЛЛЮЭНОВСКОГО СДВИГА В PM-ВОЛОКНАХ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: Константинов Ю. , Кривошеев А. , Барков Ф.
Published: October 2022

Представлена структура автоматизированной системы измерений, позволяющая комбинировать различные подходы к детектированию сдвига спектра рассеяния Мандельштама – Бриллюэна. Применение разработанной системы позволило повысить точность определения параметров специальных волоконных световодов на величину порядка 10% на действующем промышленном производстве. Как составная и важнейшая часть системы, представлена программная реализация модели, учитывающая возможность распространения излучения по двум поляризационным осям анизотропных оптических волокон (PM-волокон), что позволяет оценить ошибку определения сдвига вынужденного рассеяния Мандельштама – Бриллюэна в РM-волокнах.
ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОМУ МУЗЕЮ СВЯЗИ – 150
Authors: Фролова О.
Published: October 2022

В сентябре 2022 года исполняется 150 лет Центральному музею связи имени А.С.Попова – одному из старейших технических музеев нашей страны. За полтора века в музее сложились богатейшие коллекции по всем отраслям связи: телеграфной, почтовой, телефонной и радиосвязи, телевидению и радиовещанию, спутниковой связи и инфокоммуникационным технологиям.
A Study to Assess the Level of Depression Among Mothers with Postnatal GDM at Nerkundram- OPD
Authors: S Dr. Kala Barathi , S Shalini. , B Kavitha. , S Dr. Kala Barathi.
Published: October 2022

Abstract: The current study aims to assess the level of depression among postnatal mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus at nerkundram. The quantitative approach with Experimental descriptive research design was adopted for the present study. A total of 100 postnatal who metthe inclusion criteria was selected by Non- probability purposive sampling technique. This study has been conducted for a interval of 3 weeks .The demographic and the existing level of depression data was collected by selfstructured questionnaire and the duration of 30 minuteswas given for completing the questionnaire . The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was usedto assess the level of depression and the collected data were tabulated and analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that variable such as religion had significant association with level of depression
Performance and Evaluation of Sewage Treatment Plant Based on MBBR and EBB Technologies
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Goyal Amit , Sharma Sanjay
Published: October 2022

Abstract: The rapid expansion of modern housing and industrialization around the cities has polluted environment. This trend was observed in many developed countries in the beginning of nineteenth century which resulted in the contamination of air, water, soil etc. with pollutants. If the pollutants are released in the environment and left untreated they would cause serious diseases in both humans and animals. Large scale pollution of water bodies around the globe became a major problem due to release of industrial and domestic waste directly in water streams. To prevent the leaching of pollutants in the ground water scientist developed various methods of wastewater treatment based on the hazardous chemicals and microorganisms, which were present in the untreated water. Modern sewage treatment plants were installed in big cities to treat the water released from households. Most STPs were designed based on the stringent criteria to check the pollutants levels in the treated water so that when it is released or recycled it is safe to the environment. Modern day STP plants have a high cost of operation due to huge power consumption. In order to reduce the pollutant levels in the wastewater this study was conducted using a Eco Bio Block (EBB) techniques with aeration and without aeration. A comparison of EBB was also carried out with MBBR technique. Our results show that when EBB technique was applied with aeration it is effective in reducing pollutant levels in the wastewater akin to MBBR. In addition, we tested the EBB without aeration and found that the treated waste water has relatively low levels of BOD, COD and turbidity, suggesting that the treated water can be utilized for landscaping and horticulture activities. Overall, the outcomes from this study are encouraging to adopt EBB in smaller towns and in small housing societies to treat the wastewater prior to release
Brain Tumor Detection Using CNN
Authors: Beatrice S , Thanki Jay Yogesh , Dharia Tushar Ashok , DCosta Clive Jude
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Brain tumors being one of the most fatal illnesses for people across all ages, they make up to 90% of tumors that principally affect the central nervous system. To ensure recovery and highest possible life expectancy for the patient doctors must ensure precise diagnosis and properly plan out treatment courses. Manual screening of tumors of the brain is highly complex. Having a tendency to being misdiagnosed owing to Byzantine structure of the brain and varying characteristics of tumors depending on their location and other factors. With the rise of computer sciences, there are automatic detection and classification solutions available that can outperform manual diagnosis and classification in terms of accuracy using machine learning techniques, Medical Professionals around the globe could use such systems. Comprehensive experiments were conducted by us on the selected datasets and it’s shown that the proposed model is in a position to realize competitive results.
An Overview on Albendazole: Anthelmintic Agent
Authors: Chakraborty Soumallya , Mandal Chiranjit , Bhattacharya Somenath , Pal Rohan , Ghosh Bhaskar , Saha Udita , Roy Dr. Amitava , Bhattacharjee Dr. Arin
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Albendazole is very important drug in medicinal world. It is broad spectrum anthelmintic drug. The drugs which can kill or destroy the worms or parasites in body can be called as anthelmintic drug. Worm or parasitic infections are very serious kinds of infections in human especially in childhood. But it can be seen in adults also. Medications with proper hygiene can control the diseases to spread among the society. The drugs act by inhibiting the microtubule in the parasite. It can damage the DNS in parasites. The growth of parasite is destroyed by albendazole. It is the derivatives of Benzinidazole ring. Benzimidazole is very potent in destruction of worms or having the anthelmintic property. Benzene can be combined with imidazole ring can be classified as benzimidazole derivative. Albendazole, mebedendazole, thiabendazole, etc are the drugs under that classification. Under this albendazole is one of the important drug compared to that class. The study represents the drug structure, mechanism of action, ADMET, side effects, uses of albendazole.
A Machine Learning Model to Protect Privacy Using Federal Learning with Homomorphy Encryption
Authors: Shamim Rejuwan , Arshad Md , Pandey Dr. Vinay
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Machine learning technologies have a marvelous success in emancipating real-world Artificial Intelligence applications. But still, vast numbers of sensitive data are produced every second time in different forms. This data can be in the form of health records, shopping records, internet searching records, mobile and laptop activities, and so on. This data can be used to train our Machine learning /Deep learning models to make Artificial intelligence-based technologies better than their previous generation. However, in today’s world, one of the significant challenges that need to be a concern in machine learning is regarding data breaches while training the model. Since federated learning trains machine learning algorithms in various devices or servers without sharing sample data. This paper discusses the framework of federated learning and homomorphic encryption and how both frameworks work together so that the outcoming data will be more precious and accurate without bothering data breaches. Later, we focus on its futuristic applications in various fields to improve technology.
The Effect of Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maximowicz Extract and Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maximowicz Cheonghyeol Plus on Anti-Inflammatory Factor Expression in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs)
Authors: Kim Hae-yoong , Seol In-chan , Yoo Ho-ryong , Kim Yoon-sik
Published: October 2022

Objective: To examine the effects of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz extract (TE) and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxi mowicz Cheonghyeol Plus Phellinus linteus Cheonghyeol plus (TCP) on anti-inflammatory factor expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods: HUVECs were activated with TNF-α and then treated with TE and TCP. The expression levels were then measured for intracellular genes (KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1), proteins (KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ERK, and JNK, p38), and extracellular biomarkers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1).Results:1. TCP at concentrations of 100 μg/mL or greater significantly increased the expression of KLF2 and eNOS intracellular genes and significantly decreased the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 genes compared to the control group.
2. TCP at concentrations of 100 μg/mL or greater significantly increased the expression of KLF2, eNOS proteins compared to the control group, and significantly reduced the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MCP-1, ERK, and p38 proteins. However, JNK protein phosphorylation showed no significant change compared to the control group.
3. TCP at concentrations of 100 μg/mL or more significantly decreased the production of MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 extracellular biomarkers compared to the control group.
4. TE at a concentration of 100 μg/mL did not cause any significant change in the expression of intracellular genes or proteins, in the production of the extracellular biomarker MCP-1, or in the amount of JNK protein compared to the control group. Other intracellular genes, proteins, and extracellular biomarker expression showed the same trend as observed with TCP exposure.Conclusion: This study experimentally confirmed that TE and TCP could be effective in preventing or inhibiting various inflammatory vascular diseases due to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Effects of Yigong-san for the Treatment of Anorexia in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Bo-ram , Ha Da-jung , Huh Tae-young , Park Sang-eun , Lee Sun-haeng , Chang Gyu-tae
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of Yigong-san on anorexia in children by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Methods: Eleven electronic databases were searched on May 30, 2022 to collect relevant studies. All studies published up to the search date were considered. RCTs reporting the effect of Yigong-san on the treatment of anorexia in children were included. The primary outcome was an improvement in clinical anorexia symptoms after treatment. In this meta-analysis, continuous and binary outcomes were assessed, and the data were presented as the mean difference and risk ratio with their 95% confidence intervals. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool.Results: A total of nine studies were included in this systematic review. The treatment group (Yigong-san only or Yigong-san plus conventional treatment) showed a statistically significant effect compared to the control group (conventional treatment only) in total effective rate (Yigong-san only: RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.17, 1.36, I2=0%; Yigong-san plus conventional treatment: RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.18, 1.47, I2=0%), clinical symptoms, some of the anthropometric outcomes, and biological markers related to appetite and growth in children with anorexia. No serious adverse events related to Yigong-san were reported.Conclusions: Yigong-san showed statistically significant effects as a treatment for anorexia in children. However, the number of studies included in the meta-analysis was insufficient, and the herbs contained in the Yigong-san used in the included studies were not standardized. Future research should focus on the implementation of methodologically robust clinical research.
Herbal Medicine for Liver Cancer: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kwon Seungwon , Song Ga Yeon , Yang Seung-Bo
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence confirming the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of liver cancer.Methods: The review will include randomized clinical trials that compared herbal medicines used as treatments for liver cancer with other therapies, such as placebos and Western medicine. Only randomized controlled trials will be included in this review, and all types of herbal medicine will be evaluated. Eleven electronic databases will be searched from the inception date: the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, one Chinese database (CNKI), and five Korean databases (OASIS, DBpia, RISS, KISS, and NDSL). The selection of studies, data extraction, and management will be performed independently by four researchers. Methodological quality, including the risk of bias, will be assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool.Results: The review of current evidence for the effectiveness of herbal medicine for liver cancer will be summarized and quantitatively analyzed.Conclusions: Our systematic review will provide evidence of the efficacy of herbal medicines as treatments for liver cancer. This evidence will provide useful information for practitioners and patients in the fields of oncology and complementary medicine.
A Review of Clinical Studies for Chinese Medicine Treatment of Idiopathic Edema Using the CNKI Database
Authors: Park Mi-so , Kim Soo-duk , Kong Geon-sik , Choi Yo-sup , Bae Ji-eun , Baek Hye-kyung , Kim Young-jun , Shin Dong-guk
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study investigated the latest clinical studies on Korean medicine treatment of idiopathic edema in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI).Methods: We searched the last 9 years of clinical studies discussing Oriental medicine-based treatments for idiopathic edema in the CNKI database. The search focused on the authors, publication year, type of study, purposes of study, method and duration of treatment, evaluation criteria, and results of the selected articles.Results: The search identified 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 9 others. All studies used oral herbal medicine for treatment. The most commonly used herbs were Poria Sclerotium (茯苓), Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (白朮), and Alismatis Rhizoma (澤瀉), which are the constituent herbs of Oryeong-san (五苓散). All 16 studies confirmed the efficacy of Oriental medicine treatments.Conclusion: More varied and scientifically designed clinical studies are required to develop treatments for idiopathic edema. The results of this study could be used as basic data for further studies on idiopathic edema.
East Asian Traditional Medicine Treatment for Patients after Heart Valve Replacements: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ahn Mu-hyeok , Kim Ji-ho , Shin Bong-jin , Kwon Jung-nam
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and safety of East Asian traditional medicine treatments (EATMT) versus conventional management in patients following heart valve replacement surgery.Methods: We searched several databases, including the Korean Studies Information Service System, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Citation Information by NII. The search range included randomized controlled trials from each first issue until June 27, 2021. Two review authors independently extracted the data. We assessed the risk of systematic errors by evaluating risk domains using the “Risk of bias” tool.Results: We included 5 trials in the review. In the EATMT, the investigators reported significant improvements in reshaping of the heart structure: left ventricular end diastolic diameter (MD -4.43, 95% CI -6.06 to -2.79; 130 participants; 2 studies; high evidence). Comparisons with usual care revealed a significant decrease in gastrointestinal complications rate (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.47; 503 participants; 2 studies; high evidence). We assessed 4 studies as having a low risk of bias and 1 study as having a high risk of bias.Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that East Asian traditional medicine interventions may be effective in preventing and alleviating complications, but we found evidence of important trade-offs between known benefits and known adverse effects in cardiac dysfunction and inflammation following heart valve replacement. Consequently, additional high-quality studies should be conducted.
Clinical and diagnostic observation of transitional cell carcinoma recurrence in the ureteral stump: a case report
Authors: Kotlyarov P. M. , Sergeev N. I. , Aksenova S. P. , Solodky V. A.
Published: October 2022

Urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract is quite rare and accounts for 5–10% of all cases of urothelial cancer. Radiation research methods, primarily computer and magnetic resonance imaging, are leading in monitoring and detecting recurrence after surgery on the organs of the urinary system. A rare clinical case of recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in the ureteral stump is presented. The article, with an emphasis on radiodiagnosis, outlines a step-by-step follow-up of a patient with primary cancer of the upper third of the ureter (рT2N0M0), who was hospitalized in the city clinical hospital for pain in the right lumbar region. During dynamic contrast enhancement multiparametric MRI, a recurrence of the disease was established with a lesion of the non-removed stump of the right ureter. Semiotic MR signs of recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract are described. The recurrent tumor of the ureteral stump was characterized by a moderate hyperintense T2WI MR signal and an isointense T1WI MR signal. Our data indicate lower ADC values in the tumor when measured by a large ROI (937 mm2, versus 796 mm2 ROI with a small size). The dynamic contrast enhancement performed in our study showed intensive accumulation of the contrast by the recurrent tumor.
Cystic transformation of the pineal gland (radiation anatomy and epiphysis cerebri structural variants): a prospective study
Authors: Shilova A. V. , Ananyeva N. I. , Lukinа L. V.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Pineal cysts are a common finding on brain MRI, but their which remains unclear. A theory has been put forward that non-occlusive cysts can compress the deep cerebral veins, leading to intracranial hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: Тo study the variant MRI appearance of the pineal gland.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 48 volunteers underwent an MRI examination using a 1.5 T Toshiba Exelart Vantage device to assess the presence of MRI signs of central venous hypertension, taking into account the morphological variants of the pineal gland structure, and a category was assigned based on the calculated tectum-splenium-cyst ratio and thalamic coefficient. The mean age of men was 41.27±4.63, of women — 31.5±2.58 years. The study participants were divided into three groups: the 1st group — no pineal cyst, the 2nd group — pineal cyst less than 10 mm, the 3rd group —a cyst larger than 10 mm.

RESULTS: Based on the obtained tectum-splenium-cyst ratios and the ADC coefficient, it was found that in the volunteer group with cysts larger than 10 mm, 8 out of 15 people were at increased risk of developing central venous hypertension (categories 3 and 4). Category 4 patients had the narrowest aqueduct (1.1–1.2 mm). In the 2nd group, in persons with a pineal cyst less than 10 mm, there were no signs of aqueductal stenosis or tectal plate compression. In the 3rd group, in persons without a pineal cyst, there were also no signs of aqueductal stenosis or tectal plate compression, however, category 3 was assigned to 8 volunteers, which may be due to other causes of venous outflow impairment.

CONCLUSION: A large pineal cysts occur in younger patients, and in the presence of aqueductal narrowing and an increased risk of venous hypertension may cause clinical manifestations such as headaches, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. When patients present with relevant complaints, categorization based on DWI and SSFP is an additional criterion that reflects the degree of impact of the pineal cyst on adjacent structures.
COVID-19-associated changes in the gastrointestinal tract: a comparison of ultrasound and morphological data: a pilot study
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Boyko M. A. , Nazarenko I. V. , Achinovich S. L. , Stoma I. O.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal tract involvement has been reported in 11.4–61.1% of cases. However, there is no data on the incidence of COVID-19-associated pathology in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, and there’s little understanding about the appearance of COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal lesions on ultrasound diagnostic images.

OBJECTIVE: To study of the radiologic pattern of COVID-19-associated changes in the gastrointestinal tract based on the comparison of ultrasound and morphological autopsy data.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the ethical committee of Gomel State Medical University (protocol № 2 of 24.03.2021). For the purposes of this study gastric and intestinal pathological examination was performed in 11 subjects (average age 64.6±10.1 years) who died of COVID-19 infection and 11 subjects who had no clinical or laboratory confirmed signs of COVID-19 infection (average age 67.2±8.8 уears). Using the ImageJ computer program, we determined the surface area of the whole studied object subject, and the affected areas (foci of hyperemia with fine-point hemorrhages), determined the percentage of organ mucosal lesions and also performed an ultrasound examination of the gastric and intestinal wall samples. Statistic: analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software (StatSoft, Inc., USA).

RESULTS: The incidence of COVID-19-associated lesions in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract was as follows: stomach, 100.0%; duodenum, 25.0%; jejunum, 55.0%; ileum, 35.0%; cecum, 18%; ascending colon, 15%; transverse colon, 15% descending colon, 41% sigmoid colon, 55%; rectum, 75%. The lesion surface area in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract was as follows (%): stomach, 86,0 (75.0; 90.0); duodenum, 48,0 (39.0; 66.0); jejunum, 55.0 (50.0; 59.0); ileum, 35.0 (30.0; 41.0); cecum, 59.0 (55.0; 69.0); ascending colon, 34,0 (29.0; 41.0); transverse colon 36,0 (30.0; 42.0); descending colon 40.0 (34.0; 47.0); sigmoid colon 65,0 (61.0; 71.0); rectum 69.0 (65.0; 73.0). Ultrasound pattern in COVID-19-associated pathology of the gastrointestinal tract was uniform. Most often, foci of reduced echogenicity with indistinct and uneven margins were detected in the mucosa. Histologically, foci of lymphoid infiltration and formation of lymphoid clusters of B-lymphocytes were found in these areas.

CONCLUSION: The most frequent ultrasound pattern in COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal tract involvement is the presence in the mucosa areas of reduced echogenicity with indistinct and uneven margins.
Involvement of the central nervous system in patient with chronic inﬂammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a case report
Authors: Rostovtseva T. M. , Dolgushin M. B. , Lopatina A. V. , Boyko O. V. , Kovrazhkina E. A. , Gulyaev S. A. , Boyko A. N.
Published: October 2022

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an uncommon disease characterized by heterogeneous clinical findings, absence of specific laboratory markers and good response to treatment. Typically CIDP manifests as weakness of varying severity, from minimal paresis to plegia, as well as symmetrical loss of sensitivity in all limbs, a distinctive clinical feature of CDL is the involvement of both proximal and distal parts of extremities. At the same time, there is a large number of atypical CIDP variants, clinically similar to other chronic disimmune neuropathies. Neuroimaging findings typically include involvement of the cauda equina, brachial, and lumbar plexus. The patient sought medical help complaining of weakness and loss of sensation in the extremities. This clinical case illustrates a combined involvement of cranial and spinal nerves, as well as spinal cord and brain in a patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) new radiological features: a case report
Authors: Khalilov V. S. , Kislyakov A. N. , Medvedeva N. A. , Sadykova A. V. , Kopachev D. N. , Kholin А. A.
Published: October 2022

A new form of morphologically and molecularly distinguishable epileptogenic neoplasia with characteristic microscopic findings and a distinct DNA methylation signature as well as frequent genetic anomalies, was revealed in 2017; the tumor was called polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY). Several specific radiological patterns found in PLNTY when compared with the results of a pathomorphological study being useful in differential diagnosis with other epileptogenic tumors were mentioned in certain papers. Our paper is devoted to some particulars of the radiological picture in two children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who underwent epileptic surgery with histological verification of PLNTY.
Upper Urinary Tract Decompression Using Ileal Ureter Replacement (IUR) In Comparison to Endoureteral Thermoexpandable Stent [Memokath® 051]
Authors: Akbarov Ilgar , Al-Mahmid Mustafa , Pfister David , Heidenreich Axel
Published: October 2022

Background and Objective: The usage of permanent thermo-expandable stents and the definitive surgical treatment, like the ileal ureter replacement (IUR), both represent alternatives to repeated endourological stenting of long ureteral strictures.

We aimed to assess the long-term outcomes and complications of the IUR compared to the use of Memokath® 051 for ureteral reconstruction.

Material and Methods: In the last 10 years, two groups of patients with ureteral strictures (benign or malignant) have been followed up retrospectively. The first group presented with ureteral obstruction and was treated with an endoureteral thermo-expandable stent Memokath®, whereas the second group received an IUR as an alternative treatment method. All patients received follow-up examinations on an outpatient basis 3-4 weeks after hospital discharge, annual controls for long-term monitoring, and routine laboratory analysis and imaging of the upper urinary tract. The main outcome measure was the rate of successful upper tract decompression.

Results: Mean patient age for the first group was 59 years and 55 years for the second group. In the first group (17 patients, 27 renal units), long-term upper tract decompression was successful in 6 renal units (35%); the remaining patients required auxiliary measures and further interventions. In the second group (27 patients, 32 renal units), upper tract decompression was achieved in 24 (88.8%) patients. Secondary complications occurred in 4 (14.8%) patients. Renal function remained stable in 25 of the 27 patients, and metabolic acidosis was not observed.

Conclusion: The IUR is an effective reconstructive measure of the upper urinary tract with a low complication rate and decent long-term functional results. The IUR should be preferred to the Memokath, which can be seen as an alternative niche solution.
Saberes de los profesionales de la información para las demandas del mercado laboral
Authors: Nieves Lahaba Yadira R. , León Santos Magda , Rivera Zoia
Published: October 2022

Los continuos cambios en la ciencia de la información, y la creciente tendencia del mercado laboral en el uso de conocimientos y habilidades tecnológicas, suponen una exploración constante de las demandas del mercado laboral para los egresados en esta disciplina. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo examinar la opinión de empleadores de la ciudad de Nuevo León, México, acerca de cuáles son los saberes que demanda el mercado laboral y la práctica profesional de los egresados de licenciaturas en ciencias de la información. La investigación se enmarcó en un tipo de estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, con el uso de la técnica de encuesta y entrevista, donde se abordó el reclutamiento de personal, la aplicación de competencias, el desempeño, los saberes esenciales y las temáticas. Los datos se analizaron mediante funciones de estadística descriptiva y el método de análisis estructural con apoyo del software MicMac. Los resultados concordaron con otros estudios precedentes, enfatizando en la necesidad de que el egresado en ciencia de la información se convierta en un generador de soluciones en su organización, aplicando, de manera intensiva, las tecnologías digitales. Se concluye que las capacidades para la actualización, creatividad y proactividad profesional, es lo que los empleadores demandan como la característica esencial con las que debe contar un profesional de la información.
The role of university programmes in the development of future board members
Authors: Berisha Hajdin , Ismail Yusof , Hoxha Agron
Published: October 2022

Contemporary higher education institutions (HEIs) are extensively oriented toward offering professional and technical programmes but have neglected the significance of instilling ethical and socially responsible values in university students. This study investigates the extent to which HEIs include business ethics (BE) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) courses in the undergraduate curricula and examines the importance of equipping university graduates as prospective corporate board members with ethical values. Involving public and selected private HEIs in the Republic of Kosovo, the study employs a cross-institutional and content analysis approach. The database of the Kosovo Accreditation Agency and structured interviews with relevant staff of academic service units are the primary sources of data used for the study. The findings reveal three significant trends: 1) only fifty-five percent of the institutions offer the course of BE; 2) HEIs offer BE as an elective course and for one semester only, and 3) except for one HEI that offers CSR as a separate course, other institutions have included it as part of other courses. The study contributes to academia and industry by identifying the gaps in the current programmes among HEIs and advocates for the inclusion of BE and CSR courses in their curricula as demanded by corporations.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Based on Fusion Optimization for Fuel Cell Gas Supply System Control
Authors: Yuan Hongyan , Sun Zhendong , Wang Yujie , Chen Zonghai
Published: October 2022

In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system, the flow of the
air and hydrogen is the main factor affecting the output characteristics
of the PEMFC, and there is a coordination problem in the flow control of
both. To ensure the real-time gas supply in the fuel cell and improve
the output power and economic benefits of the system, a deep
reinforcement learning (DRL) controller based on fusion optimization
with deterministic policy gradient and a control optimization strategy
based on net power optimization are proposed in this paper. The
experimental results show that the control algorithm proposed in this
paper can effectively improve the dynamic performance and steady-state
performance of the system, which is embodied in the average 12.5%
increase in the dynamic performance compared with the fuzzy PID control
and average 99.54% increase in the steady-state performance compared
with the traditional DRL control.
Exploring global attention mechanism on Fault Detection and Diagnosis for Complex Engineering Processes
Authors: Zhou Kun , Tong Yi-fan , Li Xintong , Wei Xiaoran , Huang Hao , Song Kai , Chen Xu
Published: October 2022

Considering about slow drift and complicated relationships among process
variables caused by corrosion, fatigue, and so on in complex chemical
engineering processes, an Industrial Process Optimization ViT (IPO-ViT)
method was proposed to explore the global receptive field provided by
self-attention mechanism of Vision Transformer (ViT) on fault detection
and diagnosis (FDD). The applications on data sampled from both a real
industrial process and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process showed
superior performance of the global attention-based method (IPO-ViT) over
other typical local receptive fields deep learning methods without
increasing sample and computation requirements. Moreover, results on six
different variants in combing local, shallow filtering and global
receptive field mechanisms unravel that the local attention explosion,
the information alignment, and the expression capability are three major
challenges for further improvement on industrial applications of complex
deep learning network structures.
Large-scale movement patterns in a social vulture are influenced by seasonality, sex, and breeding region
Authors: Morant Jon , Arrondo Eneko , Sanchez-Zapata Jose , Donázar José Antonio , Cortés-Avizanda Ainara , RIva Manuel de la , Blanco Guillermo , Martínez Félix , Oltra Juan , Carrete Martina , Margalida Antoni , Oliva-Vidal Pilar , Martínez Jose María , Serrano David , Peréz-García Juan
Published: October 2022

Quantifying space use and segregation, as well as the extrinsic and
intrinsic factors affecting them, is crucial to increase our knowledge
of species-specific movement ecology and to design effective management
and conservation measures. This is particularly relevant in the case of
species that are highly mobile and dependent on sparse and unpredictable
trophic resources, such as vultures. Here, we used the GPS-tagged data
of 127 adult Griffon Vultures Gyps fulvus captured at five different
breeding regions in Spain to describe the movement patterns (home-range
size and fidelity, and monthly cumulative distance). We also examined
how individual sex, season and breeding region determined the cumulative
distance travelled and the size and overlap between consecutive monthly
home-ranges. Overall, Griffon Vultures exhibited very large annual
home-range sizes of 5,027 ± 2,123 km2, mean monthly cumulative distances
of 1,776 ± 1,497 km, and showed a monthly home-range fidelity of 67.8 ±
25.5 %. However, individuals from northern breeding regions showed
smaller home-ranges and travelled shorter monthly distances than those
from southern ones. In all cases, home-ranges were larger in spring and
summer than in winter and autumn. Moreover, females showed larger
home-ranges and less monthly fidelity than males, indicating that the
latter tended to use the similar areas throughout the year. Overall, our
results indicate that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors modulate the
home-range the social Griffon Vulture and that spatial segregation
depend on sex and season at the individual level, without relevant
differences between breeding regions in individual site fidelity.
Determining the role of dew in an alpine meadow in northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using hydrogen-oxygen isotope method
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Fawei , Du Yangong , Cao Guangmin , wang Bin , Guo Xiaowei
Published: October 2022

Dew is closely related to the micro-use of water and to large-scale
hydrological processes. Dew formation on grasslands plays a particularly
vital role in maintaining the ecohydrological cycle. Stable isotope
information for dew, ambient water vapor, soil water, plant water, creek
water, and precipitation were tracked to determine the role of dew in
ecohydrological processes in the meadow. The structural equation
modeling was used to investigate how environmental factors affect dew
formation. The Mix SIAR model in R was used to determine the source of
dew, and explore the dew transport route of six species of the
graminoid-Kobresia meadow in an alpine graminoid-Kobresia meadow in
northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Our results showed that the amounts of
dew ranged from 0.002 mm to 0.22 mm, the frequency of dew was
42.86%-45.83% during summer in 2020 and 2021. Both atmospheric
pressure and temperature showed significant positive effects on dew
formation, while wind speed had a negative effect. Evapotranspiration
indirectly affected dew formation. The contribution rates of soil water,
plant water, and ambient water vapor to dew formation were 48.20±5.46%,
38.30±5.07%, and 13.50±1.82%, respectively. The proportion of dew
utilization by graminoid and Kobresia species showed no significant
species differences. Our statistical analysis determines the role of dew
in an alpine graminoid-Kobresia meadow in the northern Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau, which provides an improved understanding of dew formation based
on a stable isotope technology.
Divergence in rates of phenotypic plasticity among ectotherms
Authors: Einum Sigurd , Burton Tim
Published: October 2022

An individual’s fitness cost associated with environmental change likely
depends on the rate of adaptive phenotypic plasticity, and yet our
understanding of plasticity rates in an ecological and evolutionary
context remains limited. We provide the first quantitative synthesis of
existing plasticity rate data, focusing on acclimation of temperature
tolerance in ectothermic animals, where we demonstrate applicability of
a recently proposed analytical approach. The analyses reveal
considerable variation in plasticity rates of this trait among species,
with half-times (how long it takes for the initial deviation from the
acclimated phenotype to be reduced by 50% when individuals are shifted
to a new environment) ranging from 3.7 to 770.2 h. Furthermore, rates
differ among higher taxa, being higher for amphibians and reptiles than
for crustaceans and fishes, and with insects being intermediate. We
argue that a more comprehensive understanding of phenotypic plasticity
will be attained through increased focus on the rate parameter.