bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Filmes mistos de alginato de sódio e cera de abelha: preparação, caracterização e aplicação em embalagens para mel de abelha (apis mellifera l.)
Authors:   , Oliveira Brenda Nathália Fernandes
Published: January 2025

As embalagens plásticas desempenham função primordial na comercialização de alimentos, pois são fundamentais na preservação e manutenção das características dos produtos pelo maior tempo possível. As mais utilizadas no mundo, até o presente momento, são biorecalcitrantes e provenientes de polímeros derivados do petróleo, ou seja, oriundas de fontes não renováveis e que acabam gerando um acúmulo de resíduos sólidos não-degradáveis no meio ambiente. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo obter e caracterizar filmes biodegradáveis de alginato de sódio e cera de abelha adequados à confecção de embalagens para mel de abelha Apis mellifera L. Para tanto, este se deu em duas etapas: sendo a primeira a obtenção e caracterização de filmes mistos de alginato de sódio e cera de abelha em quatro composições (Alginato de sódio 2%; Alginato de sódio 2% com 5% de cera de abelha; Alginato de sódio 2% com 10% de cera de abelha; Alginato de sódio 2% com 15% de cera de abelha). Na segunda etapa foi realizada a confecção das embalagens que foram utilizadas para acondicionar o mel por 60 dias, sendo realizadas análises físico-químicas nos méis nos dias 0, 7, 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à ANOVA e comparação das médias pelo teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Quanto à caracterização dos filmes: aqueles que continham cera na composição apresentaram menor permeabilidade ao vapor de água/taxa de permeabilidade ao vapor de água (PVA/TPVA) em comparação aos demais, coloração mais amarelada e maior opacidade. Nas propriedades mecânicas avaliadas, foi possível observar que em níveis mais altos de cera houve menor resistência à tração, além de maior elasticidade. Nos resultados de solubilidade, verificou-se que filmes com 5 e 10% de cera reduziram significativamente a solubilidade em comparação ao filme somente de alginato. Em relação ao ângulo de contato, os resultados não apresentaram diferença significativa. Em diferentes UR%, filmes com cera absorveram menos água. Nas características físico-químicas do mel, embalagens com cera mantiveram as propriedades do mel dentro das recomendações por mais tempo. Quanto à durabilidade das embalagens, após 30 dias de experimento, todas as embalagens sem cera, apenas de alginato de sódio, apresentaram problemas, principalmente relacionados a vazamentos e dissoluções das embalagens. Sendo a embalagem com 10% de cera a mais durável dentre todas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a incorporação de cera nas embalagens de alginato de sódio, especialmente na concentração de 10%, foi eficaz para manter as características físico-químicas do mel dentro das recomendações pelo tempo pesquisado, além de ter sido a que apresentou o menor percentual de defeitos durante todo o experimento.
Revestimentos comestíveis de alginato com gel de aloe vera aplicados em camarões refrigerados
Authors:   , Almeida Heithor Syro Anacleto de
Published: January 2025

Há uma crescente demanda entre os consumidores por alimentos frescos, ou
minimamente processados, como também em relação a sustentabilidade dos produtos que
consomem. Nessa perspectiva, a utilização de revestimentos comestíveis vem sendo estudadas,
devido aos seus promissores resultados com efeitos verificados no controle e manutenção da
qualidade de produtos frescos, ou minimamente processados. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho
foi avaliar o desempenho de revestimentos comestíveis de alginato com gel de aloe vera em
camarões frescos armazenados sob refrigeração. Nos ensaios foram estudados os efeitos de
quatro composições de revestimentos foram preparados, AAv 1 (1% Alginato, 35% Aloe vera),
AAv 2 (1% Alginato, 50% Aloe vera), AAv 3 (2% Alginato, 35% Aloe vera), AAv 4 (2%
Alginato, 50% Aloe vera) em análises de Contagem de Mesófilos Aeróbios Totais, pH, Acidez
Titulável e avaliação de cor nos camarões revestidos (L*, a* e b*). Diferenças estatísticas
significativas (p < 0,05) foram encontradas em todas as análises, com exceção da Luminosidade
(L*). Foi observada a redução do crescimento microbiano nos camarões revestidos, o
tratamento AAv 4 exibiu a menor taxa de crescimento microbiano entre os tratamentos. Na
avaliação do pH, o tratamento AAv 4 apresentou menores variações, seguido do tratamento
AAv 3. Foi observado o aumento da concentração de ácidos totais em todos os tratamentos. O
tratamento AAv 4 teve destaque positivo na manutenção da estabilidade desses indicadores de
qualidade. Assim, a aplicação dos revestimentos comestíveis de alginato combinado com gel
de Aloe vera demonstrou-se promissora na preservação da qualidade de camarões armazenados
sob refrigeração.
Patogenicidade e diversidade genética de isolados de Lasiodiplodia theobromae associados ao meloeiro
Authors:   , Silva Rosecleide Maia da
Published: January 2025

A espécie Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. causadora de resinose
e podridão de cancro, foi coletada em diferentes áreas produtoras de melão do Rio Grande
do Norte, durante as safras de 2019 e 2020, caracterizando risco em potencial à cultura.
Diante disso, os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a patogenicidade de isolados de L.
theobromae de variedades comerciais de melão Amarelo e Cantaloupe, verificando sua
interação como agente casual de podridão radicular em meloeiro e avaliar sua
variabilidade genética. Na análise da patagenicidade, 10 isolados foram testados por meio
dos métodos de palito tipo de “dente” e infestação de arroz colonizado com estruturas
fúngicas em cultivar de melão do tipo Goldex Yellow. Foram avaliadas incidência e a
severidade da doença. Todos os isolados apresentaram sintomas e causaram doença, em
ambos os métodos. Entretanto, houve variação entre a agressividade manifestada. O
isolado LT 03 se mostrou mais agressivo pelo método do palito, e o isolado LT 10, mais
agressivo, produzindo tombamento pré-emergencial pelo método do arroz. Em ambos os
métodos, o isolado LT 08, foi menos agressivo. O fungo foi reisolado com sucesso das
lesões de plantas com sintomas nos dois ensaios, confirmando os postulados de Robert
Koch. A espécie foi identificada por meio de análise de sequenciamento do DNA. Para
análise de diversidade genética, os isolados foram submetidos a técnicas moleculares
utilizando 13 marcadores de DNA do tipo Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) e 13
marcadores Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Ambos os marcadores
mostraram eficacia na avaliação da similaridade genética dos isolados, com valores da
correlação cofenética de r=0,95 e 0,96, respectivamente. O coeficiente de similaridade de
Jaccard variou de 0,056 a 0,80 entre os isolados, indicando alta variabilidade genética
intraespecífica. A análise do dendograma gerado pelo método UPGMA produziu uma
distribuição em cinco grupos. As maiores distâncias geneticas foram verificadas entre os
isolados LT 01 e LT 08, com 86% de distância, e 83% entre os isolados LT 08 e LT 10,
respectivamente. A construção da árvore filogenética permitiu verificar que todos os
isolados ficaram no clado de L. theobromae, pertecendo a uma única espécie.Os
resultados desse estudo fornecem informações importantes aos produtores mundiais de
melão, podendo auxiliar no desenvolvimento de métodos de controle ao Lasiodiplodia
theobromae, uma vez que não se há conhecimento sobre esse fitopatógeno atuando
diretamente como causador de podridão radicular em meloeiro no Brasil.
Uma análise crítica em relação à arquitetura e ao acesso à informação do website da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
Authors: Santos Letícia Crisóstomo dos , Melo Filho Mário Jorge de , Dias de Melo Maytê Luanna
Published: January 2025

Com o avanço das tecnologias digitais, é essencial que os canais de comunicação dos órgãos governamentais sejam respaldados por mecanismos que garantam aos cidadãos o acesso eficiente às informações desejadas. Nos sites institucionais, a organização do conteúdo desempenha um papel crucial para garantir a acessibilidade à informação e fomentar uma democracia mais participativa. Este é um estudo que analisa a estrutura de navegação do site da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas (Fapeal), utilizando princípios de arquitetura da informação para avaliar critérios de acessibilidade e transparência.
The Pelagian Controversy and Augustine's View of Salvation
Authors:   The Society of Theology and Thought, Choe Wono
Published: January 2025

Pelagianism stripped Christianity of its essence, which centers on Christ the Savior, and reduced it to mere humanism. Themes such as grace and free will, salvation, and predestination—subjects to which Augustine dedicated himself until his death—represent the theological core where his understanding of salvation is most vividly encountered. Pope Francis has repeatedly warned against “new Pelagians,” urging vigilance against their influence. In opposition to spiritual worldliness, which excessively emphasizes human effort and achievement, Augustine underscored that grace and mercy are gifts freely given by God. According to Augustine, predestination is God’s prescience and preparation for the grace He will bestow. While God can save all if He wills, Augustine’s soteriological perspective highlights that God respects human freedom. Grace is not a reward for human effort or merit but an unmerited gift, the “res Dei” (thing of God). This truth forms the essence of Christian faith, which Augustine steadfastly defended against Pelagianism until his final days. Standing against the elitist idealism promoted by the Pelagians, Augustine guided the people of God to the fountain of grace freely accessible to all. His decisive contribution as the “Doctor of Grace” led the Church to deeply reflect and firmly affirm that the grace of salvation is not a privilege earned by morally perfect individuals through their own strength, but a free and unconditional gift from God offered to everyone. However, Augustine’s legacy is not without its complexities. His intricate interpretations of God’s universal salvific will and the doctrine of predestination sparked excessive and often exhausting theological debates, becoming a source of prolonged contention in Christian thought.
Transforming Alzheimer's Treatment: Unveiling New Potential with Drug Repurposing Strategies
Authors: Mishra Ashish Sriram , Vasantham Manimaran , Ghosh Bhavna , Malliappan Sivakumar Ponnurengam
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a significant challenge in neurology,
marked by progressive cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Despite extensive research
efforts, effective treatments are still lacking. Traditional drug discovery is often
slow and costly, frequently resulting in limited success. Drug repurposing, which identifies
new therapeutic uses for existing medications, has emerged as a promising approach
to expedite AD treatment development. This review examines the potential of drug repurposing
to transform AD therapy by utilizing the established safety profiles and
known mechanisms of current drugs. We explore various repurposed drugs under investigation
for AD, originally intended for cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric conditions.
Detailed discussions include how these drugs provide neuroprotective benefits by
inhibiting amyloid-beta aggregation, reducing tau phosphorylation, and modulating neuroinflammation.
Additionally, we emphasize the benefits of drug repurposing, such as
shortened development timelines, lower costs, and increased chances of clinical success.
By integrating current research findings, this review offers a thorough overview of the
most promising repurposed drug candidates and their potential impact on AD treatment
strategies. It stresses the importance of innovative approaches in AD research and calls
for greater investment in drug repurposing initiatives. Through these strategies, we aim
to accelerate the availability of effective treatments, providing renewed hope and a
brighter future for those affected by this devastating disease.
CERVIXNET: An Efficient Approach for the Detection and Classifications of the Cervigram Images Using Modified Deep Learning Architecture
Authors: Karthikeyan N. , Chandrasekaran Gokul , Sudha S.
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The earlier detection of cervical cancer in women patients can save human life. This article proposes a novel methodology for detecting abnormal
cervigram images from healthy cervigram images and segments the cancer regions in the abnormal cervigram images using the deep learning
method. The conventional deep learning architecture has been modified into the proposed CervixNet architecture to improve the cervical cancer
detection rate.

Methods:

This methodology is constituted of a training and testing process, where the training process generates the training sequences individually for
healthy cervigram images and the cancer case cervigram images. The testing process tests the cervigram images into either a healthy or cancer
cases using the training sequences generated through the training process. During the testing process of the proposed system, the cancer
segmentation algorithm was applied on the abnormal cervigram image to detect and segment the pixels belonging to cancer. Finally, the
performance has been carried out on the segmented cancer cervical images for the ground truth images. This proposed methodology has been
evaluated on the cervigrams on IMODT and Guanacaste databases. Its performance has been analyzed concerning cancer pixel sensitivity, cancer
pixel specificity and cancer pixel accuracy.

Results:

This research work obtains 98.69% Cancer Pixel Sensitivity (CPS), 98.76% Cancer Pixel Specificity (CPSP), and 99.27% Cancer Pixel Accuracy
(CPA) for the set of cervigram images in the IMODT database. This research work obtains 99.22% CPS, 99.03% CPSP, and 99.01% CPA for the
set of cervigram images in Guanacaste database.

Conclusion:

These experimental results of the proposed work have been significantly compared with the state-of-the-art methods and show the significance and
novelty of the proposed works.
Synthetic Strategies for the Development of Novel Heterocycles as Larvicides Targeting Aedes aegypti Linn.
Authors: Brito Thaysnara Batista , Oliveira Luana Marília Santos , Nunes Rafaela Karolina Viana , Maistro Edson Luis , Cavalcanti Socrates Cabral de Holanda
Published: January 2025

Background:

Owing to their extensive utilization as pesticides, heterocycles assume a
fundamental role in the management of vector-borne diseases. Despite the presence of numerous
heterocyclic compounds in commercial insecticides and larvicides, resistance to pesticides still
demands novel strategies to current pest control methods. Considering these facts, this review
aims to survey the synthesis and SAR of heterocyclic molecules with larvicidal activity against
Aedes aegypti Linn.

Methods:

Comprehensive searches across the major databases were conducted to identify heterocyclic
compounds exhibiting larvicidal efficacy against Ae. aegypti with the goal to unveil the
main characteristics that are essential for exhibiting larvicidal activity.

Results:

Active compounds display LC50 values varying from 0.36 to 2907 μM. Fifteen heterocyclic
compounds displayed larvicidal activities below 20 μM. Five-membered ring molecules containing
nitrogen and oxygen have displayed larvicidal activity according to the position of heteroatoms
in the ring. Molecules bearing 1,2,4-oxadiazole and 1,2-oxazole moieties have been
shown to be more active than 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. Compounds possessing the indole
scaffold have proven to be more potent than isatin and pyrimidine derivatives. Structural characteristics
other than a heterocyclic moiety, such as the presence of halogens and less ionized and
polar molecules, may also play a role in determining the final larvicidal activity.

Conclusion:

The rationale behind this review is to stimulate the discovery of innovative heterocyclic
larvicides. Thus, it is important to continue synthesizing new scaffolds to comprehensively
elucidate the structure-activity relationship for each heterocyclic moiety outlined in this investigation.
Exploring 1-Azaaurones: A Concise Overview of Synthetic Strategies and Biological Activities
Authors: Chauhan Naveen , Kumar Suresh
Published: January 2025

Azaaurones are formed by the replacement of intra-cyclic oxygen of the central core of a
five-membered furan ring or any other carbon of aurones by a nitrogen atom. However, 1-
azaaurone obtained by the replacement of intra-cyclic oxygen is the most prominent and desirable.
They are the bioactive compounds acting as potential anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial,
and antiviral agents. They comprise relatively less explored, pharmacologically active compounds
exhibiting diverse biological activities that can act as potential lead compounds in the context of
drug development. This review represents a comprehensive and updated overview of the synthetic
protocols and biological activities of 1-azaaurones and their derivatives, enabling the readers to
know about the vast medicinal potential of azaaurones and their derivatives in different areas and
prompt the medicinal chemists to emphasize their further exploration. Furthermore, this review also
covers some important Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR), highlighting the most potential
compounds in each series, providing pivotal scope for further improvisation.
Anti-arthritic Effects of Undifferentiated and Chondrogenic Differentiated MSCs in MIA-induced Osteoarthritis in Wistar Rats: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Immune Modulation
Authors: Saleh Ablaa S. , Abdel-Gabbar Mohammed , Gabr Hala , Shams Anwar , Tamur Shadi , Mahdi Emad A. , Ahmed Osama M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that can affect the
many tissues of the joint. There are no officially recognized disease-modifying therapies for clinical
use at this time probably due to a lack of complete comprehension of the pathogenesis of the
disease. In recent years, emerging regenerative therapy and treatments with stem cells both undifferentiated
and differentiated cells have gained much attention as they can efficiently promote tissue
repair and regeneration.

Methods:

To determine how bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and
chondrogenic differentiated MSCs (CD-MSCs) can treat OA in rats, OA was induced in Wistar
rats by injecting three doses of 100 μL physiological saline containing 1 mg of MIA into rat ankle
joint of the right hind leg for three consecutive days. Following the induction, the osteoarthritic
rats were injected weekly with BM-MSCs or CD-MSCs at a dose of 1x106 cells/rat/dose for three
weeks. In addition to morphological and histological investigations of the ankle, spectrophotometric,
ELISA, and Western blot analyses were applied to detect various immunological and molecular
parameters in serum and ankle.

Results:

The results of the study showed that in osteoarthritic rats, BM-MSCs and CD-MSCs significantly
reduced right hind paw circumference, total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte
count (DLC) of neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils, serum rheumatoid factor
(RF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin (IL-) 1β levels, while they elevated serum
IL-10 level. Additionally, BM-MSCs and CD-MSCs markedly reduced lipid peroxides (LPO) levels
while they elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities.
The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) level was significantly downregulated in
ankle joint articular tissues by treatment with BM-MSCs or CD-MSCs while nuclear factor erythroid
2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was upregulated; CD-MSCs treatment was more effective.

Conclusion:

According to these findings, it can be inferred that BM-MSCs and CD-MSCs have
anti-arthritic potential in MIA-induced OA; CD-MSCs therapy is more effective than MSCs. The
ameliorative anti-arthritic effects may be mediated by suppressing inflammation and oxidative
stress through the downregulation of MCP-1 and upregulation of Nrf2. Based on the obtained results,
BM-MSCs and CD-MSCs therapies are promising new options that can be associated with
other clinical treatments to improve cartilage regeneration and joint healing. However, more preclinical
and clinical research is required to assess the benefits and safety of treating osteoarthritic
patients with BM-MSCs and CD-MSCs.
Inflammation and Cancer Development: Basic Mechanisms and Evidence
of its Regulation by Hibiscus sabdariffa Natural Extracts
Authors: Espinosa-Sánchez Astrid , López-Santillán Iris Cristina , Duarte José Antonio Estefes , García-Cordero Antonio Luis , Muñóz-Pérez Victor Manuel , Castro-Rosas Javier
Published: January 2025

Background:

Hibiscus sabdariffa is a plant used in traditional medicine for intestinal
treatments and nowadays for critical diseases like hypertension, diabetes, and cancer. Multidisciplinary
approaches have demonstrated, through Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts, anti-inflammation and
anti-cancer beneficial properties from compounds like phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins that are
ubiquitously distributed in whole plants.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to identify the bioactive compounds and their underlying
mechanisms of action that drive the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa
extracts

Methods:

We searched databases for publications in English from all years that reported beneficial
anti-inflammation and anti-cancer properties from Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts and their proposed
mechanism of action. We used Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for original
articles that included different Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts evaluated for their anti-inflammation, and
anti-cancer properties, using the following search terms: “H. sabdariffa”, “H. sabdariffa extracts”,
“H. sabdariffa and inflammation”, and “H. sabdariffa and cancer”. Some articles from the reference
list were used to collect additional information, and we used 73 articles in total.

Results:

In general, extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa are obtained by different methods that affect
the final concentration of the compounds. Several in vivo and in vitro experiments show their antiinflammatory
and anti-cancer properties.

Conclusion:

Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts have the potential bioactivity to modulate inflammation
and cancer in several cellular and molecular mechanisms of action involving the downregulation of
key signaling pathways such as NFκB, MAPK, BCL-2, p53, among others, and the upregulation of
protective pathways such as Nrf2. However, research needs to be further evaluated on the exact
compounds that have this effect, in order to know if the extracts work individually or synergistically.
A Review on Therapeutic Potential of Plumbago zeylanica Extracts and Sustainable Production Methods
Authors: Tripathi Chetana , Jain Sachin Kumar , Vengurlekar Sudha
Published: January 2025

Herbal medicines have earned a timeless place in healthcare, valued for their biocompatibility and widespread use in treating cancer and related conditions. Plumbago zeylanica, widely recognized as white leadwort or doctorbush, holds a prominent place in traditional medicine systems worldwide, revered for its diverse therapeutic properties. This widespread use, however, coupled with unsustainable harvesting practices, has raised con-cerns about the plant's long-term survival in its natural habitat. Their enduring presence is particularly evident in countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Australia, where they are deeply rooted in ethnomedical traditions. P. zeylanica stands out as a rich source of bioactive compounds, including naphthoquinones, flavonoids, alkaloids, and ter-penoids, with plumbagin identified as a key driver of its medicinal properties. Plumbagin exhibits a remarkable pharmacological profile, demonstrating significant efficacy as an an-ticancer, antidiabetic, antimalarial, and antimicrobial agent, making it a promising candidate for drug development. The literature reveals that the root and root bark also have a wider claim in traditional medicines against various diseases as a memory enhancer, anti-inflam-matory, wound healing, anti-infertility, blood coagulation, and anti-oxidant activities. This review provides a comprehensive overview of P. zeylanica, encompassing its traditional uses, phytochemical composition, and the pharmacological activities of its key bioactive constituents, with a particular focus on plumbagin. We delve into the scientific evidence supporting its therapeutic applications, highlighting its potential in treating a wide range of diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the progress made in developing sustainable production methods for plumbagin for medicinal purposes from P. zeylanica.
Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Cu2O Nano Hollow Arrays in RingExpansion Aromatization Reactions
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Farzaneh
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Aromatization of dithioacetal derivatives is essential for the synthesis of
bioactive compounds and drug design, playing a key role in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and
materials science. This study explores the synthesis and catalytic application of Cu2O nano hollow
arrays in ring-expansion aromatization reactions of cyclic dithioacetal derivatives obtained from
cyclohexanones.

Methods:

By using Cu2O nano hollow arrays prepared through molecular templates and a simple
hydrothermal process, the electrophilicity of N-bromosaccharin was enhanced, allowing for efficient and selective production of aromatic compounds with yields ranging from 63-96%. Copper
acetate is transformed into Cu2O nano hollow arrays in aqueous media, with polyvinylpyrrolidone
acting as a capping agent and (+)-L-tartaric acid as a structure-directing surfactant and multidentate
ligand.

Results:

The synthesized Cu2O nano hollow arrays were characterized using transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to
verify their morphology, structure, and composition.

Conclusion:

This method not only offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to
synthesizing Cu2O with unique nano hollow structures, but also demonstrates their efficacy as catalysts in organic synthesis, particularly in the rarely reported ring-expansion aromatization of cyclic
dithioacetal derivatives of cyclohexanone, emphasizing their broader applicability in materials science and catalysis.
Advancements in Anti-Diabetic Therapy: A Review of Enhanced Efficacy and Bioavailability of Voglibose Nanoformulations
Authors: Kalita Parimita , Jesudasan Rajesh E , pathak kalyani
Published: January 2025

The global incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is escalating, with projections
indicating that 440 million individuals will be affected by 2030. T2DM accounts for 85-95% of all
diabetes cases in affluent nations and an even higher proportion in less developed countries. This
widespread disease is influenced by numerous factors including cultural shifts, aging populations,
urbanization, dietary changes, reduced physical activity, and other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors.
Pathophysiologically, T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, increased
hepatic glucose production, and decreased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) levels. Management
challenges such as suboptimal medication regimens, poor patient adherence, and inadequate treatment
strategies contribute to the prevalence of diabetes-related complications. Alpha-glucosidase
inhibitors (α-GIs) like acarbose, voglibose, and miglitol, which primarily act in the gastrointestinal
tract to reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia, have been identified as beneficial in managing these
issues. Particularly, voglibose has shown superior efficacy and tolerance compared to other α-
GIs. Despite their effectiveness, α-GIs are sometimes limited by gastrointestinal side effects, affecting
long-term treatment adherence. Recent advancements in nanotechnology offer promising
enhancements in the delivery and efficacy of these medications. Nano-formulations, ranging from
10 to 100 nm, can protect drugs from environmental degradation and improve bioavailability by
optimizing the dissolution rate and increasing the saturation solubility of poorly soluble drugs.
The development of nanoparticle formulations is emerging as a critical strategy to enhance the
oral bioavailability of α-GIs, potentially revolutionizing T2DM management by improving drug
absorption and minimizing side effects.
Ricinus Communis: Unlocking the Potential of a Medicinal Powerhouse
Authors: Goel Vrinda , Kumar Vijay , Bajaj Sakshi , Garg Kalpana , Kamboj Mohit , Chopra Bhawna
Published: January 2025

Background:

The Euphorbiaceae family comprises over 7,500 species and 300 gen-era, with the castor bean plant, Ricinus communis, being one of the most valuable traditional and medicinal plants. Phytochemical assessments have shown that R. communis possesses a broad variety of chemical compounds with interesting pharmacological properties. This plant exhibits numerous beneficial properties, including effects against implantation failure, anti-fertility, antinociceptive, anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, antiulcer, insecticidal, molluscicidal and larvicidal, bone regeneration, central analgesic, antihistaminic, antiasthmatic, cytotoxic, lipolytic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities.

Objective:

The review aims to examine the pharmacological properties, phytochemical com-position, and potential applications of Ricinus communis as a plant source. Given its diverse range of phytochemicals and pharmacological activities, R. communis may be a promising option for the discovery of innovative complementary medicines.

Methods:

This review will involve an extensive analysis of existing literature on Ricinus com-munis. Sources will include peer-reviewed journals, clinical studies, and traditional medicine texts. The focus will be on identifying the pharmacological properties, therapeutic potential, and safety profile of the plant, along with its phytochemical composition.

Result:

The pharmacological, therapeutic, and safety potential of Ricinus communis and its phytochemicals as herbal and complementary medicine for treating various illnesses and dis-orders require further investigation through advanced clinical and experimental research.

Conclusion:

This review underscores the need for continued exploration of R. communis to unlock its full potential as a source of innovative medicinal therapies.
The Effects of Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk, And Capital on Profitability in State-Owned Bank Association with Credit Restructuring as The Moderator
Authors: Aghata Christy Cahya Widhi Andini  , Indraswari Citra Rahayu
Published: January 2025

Credit restructuring is an important things for managing credit risk and improving bank financial stability. However, the effect on profitability varies depending on the context and how this process affects credit risk, liquidity risk, and capital adequacy. This research aims to determine how the new policy of Indonesian Financial Accounting Standard 71 (PSAK 71) which regulates Allowance for Impairment Losses (CKPN) helps in supporting optimal credit restructuring, so that the variables analyzed include NPL, LDR, and CAR which affect ROA with credit restructuring as a moderation. The data analysis technique used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The data used is secondary data from Himbara's financial reports covering data from 2016 to 2023 on a quarterly basis. The research results found that partially NPL and CAR had an effect on ROA while LDR had no effect on ROA. While credit restructuring weakens the influence of NPL and CAR on ROA, credit restructuring strengthens the influence of LDR on ROA. In this research, credit restructuring acts as a pure moderator.
 
Abstrak
Restrukturisasi kredit adalah alat penting untuk mengelola risiko kredit dan meningkatkan stabilitas keuangan bank. Namun, efeknya terhadap profitabilitas bervariasi tergantung pada konteks dan bagaimana proses ini mempengaruhi resiko kredit, resiko likuiditas, dan kecukupan modal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan baru Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Indonesia 71 (PSAK 71) yang mengatur tentang Cadangan Kerugian Penurunan Nilai (CKPN) membantu dalam mendukung restrukturisasi kredit yang optimal, sehingga variabel yang dianalisis meliputi NPL, LDR, dan CAR yang mempengaruhi ROA dengan restrukturisasi kredit sebagai moderasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder laporan keuangan Himbara mencakup data dari tahun 2016 hingga 2023 secara triwulan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa secara parsial NPL dan CAR berpengaruh terhadap ROA sedangkan LDR tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA. Serta restrukturisasi kredit memperlemah pengaruh NPL dan CAR terhadap ROA, namun restrukturisasi kredit memperkuat pengaruh LDR terhadap ROA. Dalam penelitian ini restrukturisasi kredit berperan sebagai moderator murni.
Investigating the integration of prayer in family counseling among Muslim counselors in Malaysia
Authors:   Guidance and Counseling Department, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, Ahmad Mazita , Rusdin Norazlin Mohd ,   Department of Education, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, Abu Bakar Noor Insyiraah ,   Department of Education, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, Md Yusof Hapsah ,   Guidance and Counseling Department, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, Mohd Daud Nurul Ain binti ,   Guidance and Counseling Department, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, Ahmad Norazani ,   Guidance and Counseling Department, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

Prayer is an intentional way of connecting with the sacred through thoughts, attitudes, and actions. Counselors often use prayer as part of therapeutic interventions to seek spiritual guidance. However, its use in family counseling raises questions about the methods and reasoning behind its application. This study explores how Muslim counselors in Malaysia incorporate prayer in family counseling to address various issues. A qualitative case study approach was used, with data collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 counselors from three counseling centers. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify key themes in the data. The findings highlight two main roles of prayer in family counseling: (i) as a source of support for counselors and (ii) as a tool to empower clients. The counselors reported that prayer helps reduce stress, promote hope, and build inner strength. The results suggest that counselors view the integration of prayer positively, reflecting their spiritual and religious values. This study offers important insights into the ethical aspects of using prayer in counseling and emphasizes the need for further research in this area.
The state and development trends of the creative economy
Authors: Polishchuk O. A. , Gracheva N. A. , Dushkina V. A. , Kovaleva M. V.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. In the modern world, due to the development of digital technologies and artificial intelligence, jobs are being cut. One of the ways to save jobs and create new ones is creative industries related to human creative activity, which cannot be automated.

The relevance of creative industries is also expressed in expanding the tax base, by entering international and regional markets of high-quality products with higher added value; in reducing the imbalances of socio-economic development, increasing the comfort level of the urban environment, by using the potential of creative industries.

The purpose of the article is to study the impact of the creative sector on the economy of the country and its regions.

Objectives. To study the regulatory framework for regulating creative industries; to assess interest in creative industries; to consider the history of the formation of the creative economy; to study foreign experience; to analyze the state of development of creative industries in Russia and the regions of the Black Earth region; to consider the opinions of experts on the prospects for the development of the creative economy in the country and regions.

Methodology. During the scientific research empirical, theoretical, statistical methods and methods of graphical representation were used.

Results: the theoretical aspects of the development of the creative economy were studied, and the popularity of this sector in the modern world was shown. The state and development trends of creative industries in general in Russia and individual regions are analyzed. Foreign experience in the development of the creative economy has also been studied. Examples of the positive effect of the development of the creative sector are shown.

Conclusions. The article highlights the relevance and importance of the topic under consideration, taking into account current trends and development prospects. The possibilities offered by the development of the creative economy, which is the engine of the rest of the economy, are considered. The successful development of creative industries requires a comprehensive government policy aimed at creating favorable conditions for creative activity, financing creative projects and training specialists.
Peculiarities of the development of the digital twins market
Authors: Kravchenko A. A.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The current state and prospects for further diffusion of digital twins into the business processes of industrial companies indicate a growing interest in the digital twin technology market. First of all, this is due to scientific and technological progress, increasing the maturity of technological solutions themselves, which opens up new business opportunities. Secondly, due to the expansion of the competencies of managers in the field of extracting commercial benefits, achieving social, environmental and technological effects, solutions in the form of twins contribute to the growth of the company's competitiveness in the context of digital transformation.

The purpose of the study is to identify the features inherent in the digital twin’s market.

Objectives: to study the digital twins’ market; to analyze the cases of the introduction of digital twins in the global and Russian markets; to identify trends in the digital twins’ market

Methodology. The research methodology includes the analysis of market dynamics data, analytical reports, methods of systematization, graphical representation of data.

Results. The peculiarities in the development of the digital twins’ market were identified both at the global level and in Russia. When analyzing the financial indicators of the DT market, there is a positive increase year-on-year, which highlights not only the great potential of the technology, but also the growing demand for digital solutions based on twins. The analysis revealed a growing trend of companies to introduce “holistic digital twins”, which increases dependence on a single supplier.

Conclusions. The global digital twin technology market is represented by industrial digital giants. The Russian market is currently very dependent on government orders, private business does not generate much demand. However, Russian CD's have great export potential. There is a trend in the market to move from installing separate data center elements from different providers to implementing a single platform data center from one supplier and integrating all corporate systems into it
Occupational Infections Among Workers in Europe: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Dini Guglielmo , Curti Stefania , Rahmani Alborz , Durando Paolo , Mattioli Stefano
Published: January 2025

Background

Workers may be exposed to different infectious agents, putting them at risk of developing occupational diseases. This can occur in many ways, through deliberate use of speciﬁc microorganisms or through potential exposure from close contact with biological material. Infection prevention and control measures against biohazards can reduce the risk of infection among workers. During the last few decades, an increasing proportion of workers in Europe have been exposed to infectious biological agents in their workplace. Knowledge gaps on this topic in Europe have limited our understanding of the overall phenomenon in occupational settings.

Objective

This study aims to understand the extent and type of evidence on the epidemiology of occupational or work-related infections caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitical agents in European countries, the factors affecting their occurrence among workers, and the burden of disease among workers due to occupational risk.

Methods

The review will be conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. This review will consider studies that include data on the epidemiology of occupational infections, risk factors and determinants, and burden of disease among workers employed in specific occupational sectors in European countries in the period 2010-2023. The search will include MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Independent reviewers (including GD, SC, AR, PD, and SM) will screen the titles, abstracts, and full texts of the selected studies. Data extraction will be performed using a tool developed by the researchers. The data will be mapped and analyzed according to the type of extracted data.

Results

The literature search through different scientific databases started in April 2024 and is expected to be completed by December 2024. The findings will be extracted using an ad hoc data extraction tool, and relevant results will be presented in narrative and tabular form.

Conclusions

This scoping review aims to provide rigorous evidence to fill the knowledge gap in the epidemiology of occupational or work-related infections in European countries, the factors affecting their occurrence, and the burden of disease in different professional settings. Such findings could improve the understanding of this complex occupational phenomenon in the European context, enabling more accurate and up-to-date surveillance of infections incurred in the workplace.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/59606
Privacy Concerns Regarding Personal Health Information in Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Survey in a Least Developed Country (Preprint)
Authors: Htwe Khaing Zin Zin , Lawpoolsri Saranath , Soonthornworasiri Ngamphol , Thammawijaya Panithee , Kaewkungwal Jaranit
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Protecting personal health information (PHI) has long been a key ethical concern in healthcare, but with the rise of eHealth systems, privacy concerns have intensified. In least developed countries (LDCs) like Myanmar, where digital literacy is low, public and governmental awareness of privacy issues is limited, and data protection laws are lacking, PHI privacy challenges remain largely unaddressed and understudied.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the extent of privacy concerns related to PHI (PHIPC) in Myanmar and identify the factors influencing these concerns.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study design was employed, using a questionnaire to measure PHIPC across six domains: Collection, Errors, Unauthorized Secondary Use, Improper Access, Control, and Awareness. The survey was distributed via social media and shared with patients, attendants, and healthcare staff at two clinics in Myanmar. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the questionnaire, and logistic regression identified factors associated with PHIPC.

RESULTS

A total of 424 valid responses were collected. PHIPC was rated at moderate level across all domains, except for Collection, which was rated at a lower level. Respondents were more concerned about data management—such as errors, misuse, and access control than about data collection itself. The most significant factors influencing PHIPC were individuals' perceived health status and health concerns. Those with higher health concerns and those who viewed themselves as healthier tended to report higher PHIPC. Sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, education level, and urban versus rural residence did not significantly influence overall PHIPC. However, they played a role in certain domains. Furthermore, individuals who had heard of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) but lacked a clear understanding of them were less likely to express high concerns about data errors compared to those who were unaware of EMRs.

CONCLUSIONS

The study underscores the need for strong privacy protections and trust-building in Myanmar’s eHealth platforms. The findings serve as a crucial foundation for shaping future eHealth technologies in Myanmar once the country achieves stability. To ensure the effective development, adoption, and implementation of these systems, it is imperative to address privacy concerns through well-defined policies, open communication, and strong data management practices. These insights extend beyond Myanmar, providing valuable lessons for other nations navigating similar challenges in the digital health sector.
SUMMER SCHOOL 2004: RIGHT TO EQUALITY AND PREVENTION OF DISCRIMINATION
Authors: Stojanović Stefan
Published: January 2025

This reports presents the program activities of the Kopaonik Summer School 2024: Right to Equality and Prevention of Discrimination, organized by the Faculty of Law, University of Niš, and the OSCE Mission to Serbia, in the period 18-21 August 2024. The Summer School 2024 was aimed at promoting the participants knowledge about the right to equality, causes of discrimination and its manifestations, relevant legal framework, domestic and international regulation standards, and mechanisms for combating discrimination. The Summer School participants were students of the Law Faculty, University of Niš. The lecturers who participated in the implementation of the Summer School were prominent experts in their fields: an advisers in the OSCE Mission to Serbia, independent experts involved in protection against discrimination, a prosecutor the Special Anti-Corruption Department at the Higher Public Prosecutor's Office in Niš, and professors of the Law Faculty in Niš. During the four-day education, students had a chance to attend eight lectures/workshops, covering a range of topics: Human rights, equality in dignity and rights; Prejudices, stereotypes and discrimination, similarities and differences; Concept, elements and types of discrimination; Legal framework for combating discrimination; Right to freedom of speech and hate speech; Hate crimes; Discrimination of convicted persons, Position of members of the Roma national minority in Serbia; and Role of the Commissioner for Protection against Discrimination. The lectures were very interactive, providing students with the opportunity to express their opinion on the given topics, ask questions, and actively participate in related workshops. Upon the successful completion of the Summer School 2024, the participants were awarded certificates of completion, which were officially presented in the closing ceremony by the Dean of the Faculty of Law in Niš, prof. dr. Nebojša Raičević, and Head of the Department for Democratization in the OSCE Mission in Serbia, Mr. Vladimir Valdes García.
BANACH AND CARISTI TYPE THEOREMS IN B-METRIC-LIKE SPACES
Authors: Hamaizia Taieb , Radenović Stojan
Published: January 2025

The aim of this paper is to introduce new contractive mappings in the setting of b-metric-like spaces. We establish a new fixed point result by extending the famous Caristi fixed point result from the framework of b-metric spaces. An example illustrates and supports this result.