bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective reservoir identification and sweet spot prediction in Chang 8 Member tight oil reservoirs in Huanjiang area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Qiu Xiangliang , Fu Yuxuan , Yan Zhandong , Zheng XiaoMei , Wang Mingxian , Lan Zheng
Published: April 2024

The Chang 8 reservoir of the Huanjiang Oilfield in the Ordos Basin is a tight sandstone reservoir with poor reservoir physical properties and uneven oil distribution. In this study, the effective reservoirs developed on a large scale under the condition of horizontal well volume fracturing technology of the Chang 8 Member was identified based on the data of core observation, experimental analysis, logging, oil test, and production dynamics, and the identification standard of effective reservoirs in terms of reservoir physical properties, oil content, and comprehensive logging characteristics of gas logging was established. This scheme allows for a thorough identification of the effective reservoirs for horizontal well development in tight sandstone reservoirs. The findings indicate that the study area’s tight oil resources can be successfully produced. The well logging results show that the oil-bearing property of sand bodies with oil stains is better than that of oil spots. The bottom limit of the acoustic wave time difference is 210 μs/m, the permeability is 0.03 mD, the porosity is 6.0%, the rock resistivity is 30 Ω m, and the total hydrocarbon gas measurement value exceeds five times the baseline. At the same time, the total oil thickness is greater than 6 m, and the thickness of a single sand body is above 4 m. We have defined the lower limit standard of high-efficiency reservoir of Chang 8 tight oil in L289 block of Huanjiang oilfield. According to the analysis of oil-bearing property, comprehensive logging display, and reservoir thickness, the geological “sweet spots” is optimized to provide reference for subsequent mining. Through comparative analysis, the rules and trends are found to provide a basis for selecting mining strategies. With the help of technical means such as numerical simulation and geological modeling, the prediction accuracy and decision-making effect are improved. By clarifying the lower limit standard of reservoir, optimizing geological “sweet spots” and avoiding risk areas, the mining efficiency is improved and the cost is reduced, which provides reference for similar oilfield development.
The crystal structure of N,N′-carbonylbis(2,6-difluorobenzamide), C15H8F4N2O3
Authors: Zhang Zhongming , Xu Xiaojuan , Sun Li , Wang Xiaojun , Zhang Huabo
Published: April 2024

C15H8F4N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.2759(7) Å, b = 9.0182(5) Å, c = 14.2235(8) Å, β = 93.834(2)°, V = 1443.13(15) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0391, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1067, T = 273.15 K.
Vladimir Solovyov’s idea of ecclesiastic unity and the Holy See
Authors: Besschetnova Elena V.
Published: April 2024

Vladimir Sergeevich Solovyov (1853–1900) was the central figure of Russian religious thought, which had its heyday at the end of the 19th century and early 20th century, rich in wonderful and deep thinkers such as Pavel Florensky, Sergey Bulgakov, Nikolay Berdyaev, and Simon Frank among many others. Solovyov was the first classical Russian philosopher, in the sense that he had his own philosophical system at a time when systemic philosophy was being abandoned in the West. It was Solovyov who deepened Russian philosophy and firmly entrenched Christian metaphysics in Russian philosophical discourse. He introduced Russian philosophical thought to Europe. His project of a free universal theocracy intended to fundamentally change the course of social history. In fact, the project of a universal free theocracy and the reunification of Christian churches associated with it became the most prominent idea of the philosopher in the Western intellectual environment. Moreover, the question about Solovyov’s pro-Catholic leanings, including his contacts with catholic clergy and theologians, as well as the issue whether Solovyov converted to Catholicism came into prominence after the book of Michel D’Herbigny Vladimir Soloviev: Un Newman russe was published in 1911. This article focuses on the narrow but important issue of reconstructing the historical context of the philosopher’s ideas. The focus is on the history of Solovyov’s contacts with the Holy See. The author analyzes the existing historiography, which testifies to the indirect contacts of the philosopher with the Holy See, the philosopher’s published correspondence, contemporary research articles, as well as materials from the Vatican and Russian archives. As a result, the article presents a new look at the history of the relationship between the Holy See and Russian philosopher, who is currently recognized by most researchers as the ancestor of the ecumenical movement of the 20th century.
Farben und Tiere in Igorlied und Zadonščina in literarhistorischer Sicht
Authors: Drews Peter
Published: April 2024

The study follows the semantics of colour adjectives and the role of animals in Slovo o polku Igoreve (The Tale of Igor’s Campaign), published in 1800 but allegedly originating from about 1200. Special attention is furthermore paid to the Zadonshchina (The Tale of the Battle beyond the River Don) known in versions from the 15.–17. centuries. The frequency, diversity and semantic combination with phenomena from the immediate environment of man as well as the outer animate and inanimate nature do in no way correspond to their use in Old Eastslavic Literature except for 17th century copies of the Zadonshchina, nor do they fit into European literature before 1700. Instead, they reflect 18th century sentimentalism, as do also the anthropomorphic functions of animals, some significant poetic images, auctorial poetical reflections, the inclusion of pre-Christian culture and elements of fairy-tales. Independently of the question of its authenticity the text moreover appears from the point of view of 1800 as a political manifesto calling for social reforms on the basis of Christian conservatism and inspired even by the ideas of freemasonry.
China in 2023
Authors: Piao Long , Cui Yi
Published: April 2024

In 2023, in an effort to revive the sluggish economy after the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chinese government implemented a variety of stimulus measures, such as interest rate cuts, tax cuts for small and medium-sized enterprises, and the issuance of local government bonds. But recovery has been challenging owing to export controls by the United States, lackluster domestic demand, high youth unemployment, and a real estate bubble. Externally, to respond to stronger cooperation between the United States and its allies in Western Europe and Asia, China actively pursued diplomatic activities with its traditional allies, such as Russia, and developing countries.
Japan in 2023
Authors: Catalinac Amy
Published: April 2024

This year saw efforts by Japan’s government, led by prime minister Fumio Kishida, to tackle problems such as the need to arrest the declining birthrate, increase defense spending, deepen security ties with the US and other nations, and safeguard the rights of sexual minorities. Yet despite being in an enviable position domestically, with no national election looming, a decimated opposition, and a coalition partner with the votes to underwrite his administration, Kishida was unable to rally the public behind a tax hike to fund defense spending. Japan’s prime ministers remain sensitive to public opinion, likely due to the precariousness of their position as leader of the Liberal Democratic Party rather than electoral considerations.
Indonesia in 2023
Authors: Kimura Ehito , Anugrah Iqra
Published: April 2024

Jockeying ahead of the 2024 national elections took center stage in Indonesia’s political landscape in 2023. The selection of President Jokowi’s son for a vice-presidential ticket signaled the continuation and intensification of dynastic politics. The economy faced headwinds, but Indonesia’s trade balance remained in surplus and inflation was tamed. The government promoted its green transition agenda while facing pushback from local communities on environmental and labor issues. In foreign policy, the country hosted the ASEAN Summit, and Jokowi engaged in a flurry of diplomatic travels in the twilight of his presidency.
Thailand in 2023
Authors: Kuhonta Erik Martinez
Published: April 2024

On the face of it, Thai politics in 2023 was groundbreaking. The event that encapsulated the year was the stunning electoral victory of a radical party, Move Forward. That party was eventually blocked from forming a government by an alliance that included Pheu Thai and the royalist-conservative elite. With Pheu Thai at the head of government, populist policies, most notably the digital wallet scheme, became the centerpiece for economic development. The marriage of convenience between the supposedly reformist Pheu Thai and the conservative forces, as well as the return of economic populism, gave the impression that not much had changed in Thailand. But compared to past years, 2023 was momentous.
Sri Lanka in 2022 and 2023
Authors: Kelegama Thiruni
Published: April 2024

In the span of two years, Sri Lanka saw one of the biggest protests in South Asia, ousted a president and his government, defaulted on its sovereign debt, declared bankruptcy, appointed an unelected president, went to the IMF for a bailout loan, delayed elections, moved even further away from justice and reconciliation, and celebrated 75 years of independence. While the resignation of president Gotabaya Rajapaksa and his family from government hinted at change for the country, the appointment of Ranil Wickremesinghe demonstrated a firm commitment to lack of reform or accountability. Austerity, intimidation, instability, and further decay followed. These economic and non-economic shocks converged to reveal a country where multiple crises of dissent, debt, decay, and decline were inextricably bound together, with no way forward yet in sight.
Reuse of wooden utility poles through the combination of new and old elements
Authors: Dias Alfredo Manuel Pereira Geraldes , Machado José Saporiti , Mascarenhas Fernando Júnior Resende , Morgado Telmo Filipe Marques , Pedrosa Nelson Gomes , Carneiro Lucas Cardoso Pereira , Marques André Filipe Silva
Published: April 2024

Wooden utility poles are crucial in supporting overhead telecommunication lines in Portugal. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) is the most common wood species used for this purpose. The durability of the poles is typically determined by the deterioration observed in their ground line. Aiming to reduce the use of new sound wooden poles, reducing the economic costs involved, and the environmental impacts, the reuse of those old wooden poles by removing the degraded part is one possible solution. This study aimed to develop and validate solutions with composed poles, specifically for the connections between the wood members, so that it is possible to more efficiently incorporate used parts into the remanufactured poles. Two types of connections were used: members joined by a cylindrical steel tube, and members joined by finger joints. The static bending moduli of elastic and rupture were tested. The mechanical properties of the reused wooden utility poles showed to be in line with the values of new sound wooden poles made of different wood species. Finally, both proposed solutions proved to be practical for use in the production of reused utility poles, which are mostly made from old timber poles.
Climate-affected multi-decadal variations of biogenic volatile organic compounds in Pinus tabuliformis growth rings
Authors: Li Zhenjiang , Wang Ting , Liu Shengyun , Yang Yafeng , Yang Liu , Yu Chenyi , Wang Guanjie , Hui Yi , Li Zongshan , Li Ximei
Published: April 2024

Long-term dynamics of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in trees are rarely reported, despite environmental factors (such as climate change) influencing their growth and the subsequent chemical accumulation. For this, tree growth rings provide a promising biological proxy for the long-time variation and correlation with environmental changes. Therefore, tree rings from Pinus tabuliformis (two stem disks and 40 tree cores) were collected in the Taihang Mountain Macaque National Nature Reserve of China. These samples were divided into seven 5-year resolutions over the 34-year period 1985 to 2018. This enabled analysis of multi-decadal variations of compounds and their correlation with climate variability. A total of 292 BVOCs were detected; however, only 18 compounds were found together across all the 7 growth-periods. Temporal analyses showed decreasing trends for monoterpenes (0.026%/yr) and diterpenes (0.120%/yr), whereas alcohols and oxygenated monoterpenes showed increasing trends at 0.031%/yr and 0.042%/yr, respectively. Correlation analyses showed no obvious link to yearly precipitation, while seasonal temperature had a negative effect on monoterpenes and diterpenes but positive effects on alcohols and oxygenated monoterpenes (all P < 0.05). The present study showed that dendrochronology is a suitable method for re-establishing the biological effects from historical climate variability on key tree species.
Maintaining psychophysical resilience through fitness programs
Authors: Olga Aftimichuk , Svetlana Shablova
Published: April 2024

Physical activity represents the key to a strong and resilient body. A rationally organized regime of physical activity has a number of positive effects on all systems of the body, both at the physical level and at the psychological level. To determine the influence of fitness programs on the physical and psychological state, level and lifestyle, as well as to study the subjective attitude of people to their own psychophysical state and physical condition, an online sociological survey was conducted. The results of the sociological research made it possible to state the positive influence of fitness for the formation of the psychophysical stability of the personality of a modern person.
Synthesis of current data on typhoid fever
Authors: Y Hoinsou , FC Koula , L Gbati , S Poli , A Alognon , MES Montant , T Doumongue , AL Attivor , K Kpoezou , Samadou Tchacondo , EH Gbekley , B Djeri
Published: April 2024

Typhoid fever is an infectious disease that affects millions of people around the world. It is most often encountered in developing countries where hygiene conditions are poor. Mortality is estimated between 1 and 4% in children over 5 years old and in adults. The sources of contamination are varied with several phases contributing to the penetration of the responsible germ into the human body. For adequate management of the infection, the medical biology laboratory remains essential for the isolation and identification of the germ responsible for the disease through increasingly specific examinations. This work aims to make a bibliographical synthesis on the responsible germ, its physiopathology as well as the different laboratory techniques for isolating the bacterium of the genus Salmonella. To do this, a literature review was carried out in scientific databases with keywords for this purpose.
Educational management and schooling in crisis contexts and regulation
Authors: Silva Thiesen Juares da
Published: April 2024

The text highlights the complexity of power relations in educational management and schooling, emphasizing the importance of resisting authoritarian forms of regulation with innovative practices that promote freedom and autonomy in management and schools. Currently, the field of education is under pressure from global political and economic movements that seek to impose a centralized management logic based on objective results, thus affecting the autonomy and creativity of schools. Although schools constitute spaces of freedom and autonomy, they face institutional contradictions and significant challenges in management. Despite these challenges, it is understood that there are still spaces for innovation.
Healing response of cold recycled asphalt mixtures with electric arc furnace slag under microwave heating and re-compaction
Authors: Gulisano Federico , Flores Guillermo , Gallego Juan
Published: April 2024

The objective of the present paper is the assessment of the healing efficiency of a thermomechanical treatment (microwave heating and re-compaction) on cold recycled asphalt mixtures. The asphalt mixture specimens were fabricated with different electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) contents to improve the mixtures' microwave susceptibility. The healing response was then assessed in terms of recovery of their initial indirect tensile strength. Furthermore, statistical analysis was conducted by means of a three-way analysis of variance to determine the influence of temperature, re-compaction energy, and EAFS content on the healing capability of the mixtures. Although re-compaction and heating in the ranges studied do not themselves cause healing, the combination of both produced excellent healing performance. The optimal content of EAFS was established at 5% of EAFS over the weight of the asphalt mixture.
Institution, Major, and Firm-Specific Premia: Evidence from Administrative Data
Authors: Ost Ben , Pan Weixiang , Webber Douglas
Published: April 2024

We examine how a student’s field of degree and institution attended contribute to the labor market outcomes of young graduates. Administrative panel data that combines student transcripts with matched employer-employee records allow us to provide the first decomposition of premia into individual and firm-specific components. We find that both major and institutional premia are more strongly related to the firm-specific component of wages than the individual-specific component of wages. On average, a student’s major is a more important predictor of future wages than the selectivity of the institution attended, but major premia (and their relative ranking) can differ substantially across institutions, suggesting the importance of program-level data for prospective students and their parents.
Tracking Real Time Layoffs with SEC Filings: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Crane Leland D. , Green Emily , Harnish Molly , McClennan Will , Soto Paul E. , Vrankovich Betsy , Williams Jacob
Published: April 2024

We explore a new source of data on layoffs: timely 8-K filings with the Securities and and Exchange Commission. We develop measures of both the number of reported layoff events and the number of affected workers. These series are highly correlated with the business cycle and other layoff indicators. Linking firm-level reported layoff events with WARN notices suggests that 8-K filings are sometimes available before WARN notices, and preliminary regression results suggest our layoff series are useful for forecasting. We also document the industry composition of the data and specific areas where the industry shares diverge.
Activities of daily living with grasp types and force measurements during object manipulation
Authors: Keller Monique M , Barnes Roline Y. , Brandt Corlia
Published: April 2024

Background:
Limited scientific evidence guides hand rehabilitation towards improved hand function, and safe early return to work. Grasp types, the subunits of object manipulation and the forces which may improve functional outcomes, have been identified as missing links that may inform rehabilitation after second to fifth metacarpal fractures, through progression of basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL). The aim of the study was to collect ADL forces through grasp types to inform hand rehabilitation for second to fifth metacarpal fractures.
Methods: This cross-sectional, quantitative study included 32 conveniently sampled healthy adults aged 20 and 59 years. Thirty-one (31) ADLs, both basic and instrumental, each associated with a predominant grasp type, were tested. The participants donned two testing gloves, with force sensing resistors (FSRs) glued to the fingertips, the ADLs were performed, and forces measured. The researcher imported the force data into an Excel spreadsheet for both descriptive and inferential analyses with STATA.
Results: Fourteen males and 18 females, with a mean age of 37 years, participated. Statistically significant differences between genders were found for seven grasp types. Three thumb-adducted power palm grasps, three thumb-abduction precision pad grasps, and one thumb-abduction power palm grasp constituted the testing. Light and heavy ADLs and their associated grasp types were identified.
Conclusion: To ensure optimal hand function, early safe return to ADLs should be the goal of second to fifth metacarpal fracture rehabilitation and may be achieved by incorporating active grasp types as exercises with graded resisted grasp types and ADLs.
Implications for practice
• Occupational therapists can incorporate grasp types in their observation during assessments of individuals who sustained second to fifth metacarpal fractures to determine the subcomponents of functional deficits.
• Hand rehabilitation may be augmented by incorporating grasp types in isolation during unresisted active joint range of motion.
• Occupational therapists, guided by the analysis of hand functioning, can incorporate ADLs with the predominant grasp types which may improve hand function.
• Grasp force data may guide safe and early return to function.
Occupational therapists’ perspectives on knowledge transfer in clinical practice in the Free State, South Africa
Authors: Swanepoel Azette , Janse van Vuuren Elizabeth Cornelia , Nayar Shoba
Published: April 2024

Background: The transfer of all types of knowledge in occupational

therapy practice is complex, and there is little agreement globally on the

most important types of knowledge that inform clinical practice. This

study aimed to uncover the perspectives of occupational therapists in the

Free State, South Africa on knowledge transfer in clinical practice.

Methodology: Q methodology was used to collect data from 14

occupational therapists utilising Q Method Software.

Results: Factor analysis revealed two factors with eigenvalues of greater

than 1. Factor 1 had an eigenvalue of 2.97, and factor 2 had an eigenvalue

of 1.48. These two factors were constructed from six and five participants’

Q Sorts respectively, with the highest factor loads for factor 1 and factor 2.

Thematic content analysis of these two factors identified two themes,

namely: client-centred philosophy and practice informed through clinical

reasoning.

Conclusion: The strategic use of Q methodology presented empirical

evidence of the transfer and utilisation of all types of knowledge in

clinical practice in the Free State, South Africa. The results indicated the

transfer of propositional, procedural, personal, and client knowledge

strengthens client-centred practice and manifests in clinical reasoning.

Furthermore, the results indicate an interdependence between the types

of knowledge, meaning that it is important that therapists utilise all types

of knowledge and not rely on only one form of knowledge when they

work with patients to promote well-being.

Implications for Practice

• Q Methodology is an ideal research method to identify the

subjective perspectives of participants where different opinions on

a topic might exist.

• Clinicians hold a wealth of practice experience and personal

knowledge that should be shared and captured through research.

• The client’s voice needs to be heard more often to ensure clientcentred

practice is not only an idea on paper.
Perceptions on transitioning from impairment-based to occupation-based practice in public healthcare within KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Gumede Phana Lucy , Christopher Chantal Juanita , Naidoo Deshini
Published: April 2024

Introduction:Holistic healthcare service delivery requires rehabilitation personnel to consider all the components of health that influence the client's quality of life. However, there is limited literature on approaches to implementing rehabilitation services within South African public healthcare. This study explored rehabilitation personnel's (such as occupational therapists, speech therapists, physiotherapists) use of occupation-based practice impairment-based practice and the barriers and facilitators associated with their practice choice.

Methods: A qualitative research design was conducted through semi- structured interviews (13 participants), a focus group (4 participants) and community mapping. Purposive sampling was utilised to select participants in the iLembe district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data were analysed using deductive thematic analysis.

Findings: Three themes emerged from the study; Attitudes towards impairment-based practice, Reflections on OBP, and The way forward. The need to focus on all the components of health rather than just the disease and the benefits of using the occupation-based practice approach were highlighted. Additionally, diﬀerent factors required to implement holistic rehabilitation services and the barriers to OBP were identified.

Conclusion: Although the study identified OBP benefits, various barriers associated with its implementation were identified. Rehabilitation personnel, community stakeholders, and clients must work together to improve OBP implementation in public healthcare by combating the barriers identified in the study.

Implications for practice

This study has implications for rehabilitation service implementation in the iLembe district public healthcare sector. OBP was perceived to have more quality of life and health outcomes, which leads to implications for practice. There is a need to transition from the medical model with approaches only focusing on body structures and functions into approaches that consider all the components of health, such as the OBP. Even  though  there  are  barriers  towards  OBP  implementation, rehabilitation personnel can still promote its implementation through inter-professional practice, continuous professional development and health promotion. Furthermore, there are implications for undergraduate programmes to equip undergraduates with the skills to implement OBP within under-resourced facilities.
EC COMICS — PUBLISHING HOUSE THAT ALMOST CONQUERED AMERICA
Authors:   HSE Art and Design School, Kistiakovsky Vassily A.
Published: April 2024

Until recently, comics was virtually absent in Russia, but now it is becoming one of The most dynamically developing forms of art. Such processes have taken place in one way or another in all countries with a developed comics industry, and how medium passes through such periods depends on its social status, genre and presumed reader age etc. Therefore, The study of these crisis periods allows us to explain many features of different comic traditions. At The same time, comics, like many mass culture forms, cannot be analyzed in a vacuum. It is first of all a commercial product that exists and develops thanks to The public’s requests, hopes and fears, even where it is not spoken aloud. The subject of The study is American publisher EC Comics in The early 1950s, when it was at The center of The process of renewal and transformation of The local industry. The object of The study is The unique combination of narratives oriented towards social and political criticism of The existing systems with narratives based on rather superficial emotional and shock factors. Only by looking at them as a whole can we fully appreciate The defining role of EC Comics in shaping The American comics system as a whole. Also, EC Comics is virtually unrepresented in contemporary Russian historiography, although in The United States over The past twenty years several important works devoted its history.
Fixation and Turnover of Exclusive Rights to Copyrighted Works Using Smart Contracts: A Myth or Reality?
Authors: Churilov A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The use of new technologies, including blockchain and NFT, can become a tool to ensure protection of rights and legitimate interests of copyright holders and stimulate innovation in various fields. The paper considers two legal problems related to the deposit and turnover of the results of intellectual activities, including copyrighted works. The first problem is the possibility of using blockchain technology to deposit such works. The paper provides an overview of main methods of fixing the fact of existence of a copyrighted work, including options without depositing and with depositing. The author concludes that depositing an object of copyright, including blockchain, does not mean its use in the sense of civil law. The second problem is the turnover of rights to deposited objects. The author suggests the best way for the copyright holder, i. e., depositing the result of intellectual activity with subsequent transfer of the NFT to the copyright holder. This solution will make it possible to equate the transfer of NFT with the transfer of the exclusive right to the work.
Unity and Differentiation of Procedural Form
Authors: Kulakova V. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses scientific and theoretical issues of the procedural form, analyzes the views of scientists on the essence and features of this legal category, its significance. The position on the existence of two sides of the procedural form — external and internal — is substantiated. The external form is stable and unchanging, the internal form is flexible and adaptive, and can be subject to change under the influence of various circumstances. Considering this, the author crystallizes the external procedural form features and concludes that the flexibility and adaptability of the internal procedural form allows it to be adjusted to the needs of various spheres of society, which are often strikingly different from each other and require special protection mechanisms. As a result of differentiation of the procedural form, the efficiency of procedural activities will be ensured and the goals of legal proceedings will be achieved. Taking this into account, the need to conduct a comprehensive large-scale study of the issue of creating a specialized type of family legal proceedings and the corresponding specialized procedural form is substantiated.
Disputes Arising out of Targeted Training Agreements
Authors: Litvinova T. A.
Published: April 2024

The complex and multi-level nature of legal regulation determines the complexity of law enforcement in resolving cases on disputes arising from targeted training agreements. In addition to the industry attribution of the contractual structure, there are a number of interconnected problems therewith, namely determination of the limitation period, jurisdiction of the dispute, legal assessment and application of liability measures (in particular, a fine paid to the educational organization). The author supports the point of view that targeted training agreements are similar with apprenticeship agreements. At the same time, the author points out that the new model of responsibility under the targeted training agreements is, on the one hand, a prerequisite for the differentiation of these contracts, but on the other, demonstrates some features of a public law nature that are unusual for both civil and labor law. These are expressed in establishing responsibility for violation of a contractual obligation to a third party, namely an educational organization. The author also highlights the uncertainty of the legal assessment of the deadline for paying a fine in connection with failure to fulfill an employment obligation and proposes to consider it a prerequisite for the right to claim in the substantive sense.
Evaluation of a Decade-Long Prospective Earthquake Forecasting Experiment in Italy
Authors: Iturrieta Pablo , Bayona José A. , Werner Maximilian J. , Schorlemmer Danijel , Taroni Matteo , Falcone Giuseppe , Cotton Fabrice , Khawaja Asim M. , Savran William H. , Marzocchi Warner
Published: April 2024

Earthquake forecasting models represent our current understanding of the physics and statistics that govern earthquake occurrence processes. Providing such forecasts as falsifiable statements can help us assess a model’s hypothesis to be, at the least, a plausible conjecture to explain the observations. Prospective testing (i.e., with future data, once the model and experiment have been fully specified) is fundamental in science because it enables confronting a model with completely out-of-sample data and zero degrees of freedom. Testing can also help inform decisions regarding the selection of models, data types, or procedures in practical applications, such as Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis. In 2010, a 10-year earthquake forecasting experiment began in Italy, where researchers collectively agreed on authoritative data sources, testing rules, and formats to independently evaluate a collection of forecasting models. Here, we test these models with ten years of fully prospective data using a multiscore approach to (1) identify the model features that correlate with data-consistent or -inconsistent forecasts; (2) evaluate the stability of the experiment results over time; and (3) quantify the models’ limitations to generate spatial forecasts consistent with earthquake clustering. As each testing metric analyzes only limited properties of a forecast, the proposed synoptic analysis using multiple scores allows drawing more robust conclusions. Our results show that the best-performing models use catalogs that span over 100 yr and incorporate fault information, demonstrating and quantifying the value of these data types. Model rankings are stable over time, suggesting that a 10-year period in Italy can provide sufficient data to discriminate between optimal and suboptimal forecasts. Finally, no model can adequately describe spatial clustering, but those including fault information are less inconsistent with the observations. Prospective testing assesses relevant assumptions and hypotheses of earthquake processes truly out-of-sample, thus guiding model development and decision-making to improve society’s earthquake resilience.
The Potential of Crowdsourced Data for the Rapid Impact Assessment of Large Earthquakes: The 2023 M 7.8 Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık, Türkiye, Earthquake
Authors: Bossu Rémy , Böse Maren , Steed Robert , Wald David J.
Published: April 2024

Reliable and rapid impact assessment for large earthquakes is a challenge because it is difficult to rapidly determine the fault geometry and thus the spatial distribution of shaking intensities. In this retrospective study of the M 7.8 Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık, Türkiye, earthquake, we evaluate how eyewitness observations crowdsourced through the LastQuake system can improve such assessments. These data consist of felt reports describing the local level of shaking or damage and manually validated geolocated imagery. In the first part of this study, the methods used to derive macroseismic intensity values from felt reports, particularly for high values, are validated by comparison with independently determined intensities. This comparison confirms that the maximum intensity that can be derived from felt reports does not generally exceed VIII. A fatality estimate of 3000 could be made within a few hours by evaluating the number of people exposed to high intensities using the felt reports and assuming a point source. However, this estimate was known to be an underestimate because of the point-source approximation; this underestimate was also confirmed by the geolocated imagery showing high levels of damage at epicentral distances well beyond those predicted by circular isoseismals. However, improved estimates could have been derived from the event’s ShakeMaps using the U.S. Geological Survey Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) fatality loss-modeling system, either by incorporating the felt reports into the ShakeMaps computation or using, in addition, a finite-source (here line-source) model derived from the felt reports using the Finite-fault rupture Detector software. The inclusion of fault geometry would have resulted in a fatality estimate with data collected within 10 min of the origin determination, which was consistent with the final PAGER alert level and the reported death toll that were both only known days later. Although more work would be helpful to assess the reliability of the derived fault geometry, in regions where they are collected in large numbers, felt reports collected within 10 min of the earthquake can be used to substantially improve current fatality estimates.
Constitutional Regulation of Local Financial Autonomy in the Visegrad Countries
Authors: Pál Ádám , Radvan Michal
Published: April 2024

In this article, the authors investigate the connection between the level of detail in constitutional regulations of local financial autonomy and its overall quality in Hungary, Slovakia, Poland and the Czech Republic. The article aims to either confirm or refute the hypothesis that more comprehensive constitutional rules result in an enhanced quality of local financial autonomy. To be able to test the hypothesis, the authors first examine the relevant constitutional regulation in these four countries. Thereafter, they employ two different indicators, selected statistical data and the conclusions from the monitoring procedure of the European Charter of Local Self-Government to measure the quality of local financial autonomy in the studied countries. Finally, they compare the results of the quality assessment with the degree of the constitutional framework’s specificity to see if the hypothesis was correct or not.
Legal Implications of In-House Procurement Awarded to Regional Development Funds
Authors: Perkowski Maciej , Jamiołkowska Marta
Published: April 2024

The article has a scientific and research nature and addresses a problem of significant importance for the implementation of statutory tasks by local government units. The authors focus on the implications of awarding in-house procurement to regional development funds. They analyse the prerequisites for the use of in-house mode of public procurement and assume the hypothesis that the scope of the activities of the contractor of an in-house contract, which is a regional development fund, should include the full conducted activities of such an entity, regardless of the type of contract awarded, as long as these activities are within the scope of the tasks entrusted to it by the contracting authority exercising control over it (or by another legal entity over which this contracting authority exercises control). The originality of the research results concerns not only the chosen approach to the subject of in-house procurement, i.e. elaboration on regional development funds as public procurement contractors, but also the argumentation itself, which was based on the current case law and legal doctrine. The above brings a new cognitive value in the sphere of science and practice and has a potential to help local government stakeholders manage municipal property more confidently.
The Concept of Legal Capacity in Private Law and Constitutional Law
Authors: Tőkey Balázs , Somody Bernadette
Published: April 2024

Legal capacity, i.e. being the holder of rights, is an essential legal term, but it does not necessarily mean the same in all areas of law. The article focuses on the concept and regulation of legal capacity in private law and the area of fundamental rights. These two areas deserve attention because their concepts of legal capacity seem to be closely connected even though they have different purposes in the legal system. The article discusses these connections and controversies from two complementary aspects. On a historical and comparative basis, the authors describe how the concept of legal capacity is rooted and evolved in private law and how other areas of law relate to that. Then, from a doctrinal perspective, they point out that the area of fundamental rights often relies on private law doctrines, however, it needs its own concept of legal capacity. The paper concludes with a model to interpret and assess the multifaceted relationship between legal capacity-related norms of the two areas of law.
Judicial Cancellation of Commonality of Author’s Economic Rights as the Proceedings Excluded from the Jurisdiction of the Intellectual Property Courts: Case Study
Authors: Tylec Grzegorz , Kwiecień Sebastian
Published: April 2024

The article is of a scientific and research nature and presents the problem of a possible cancellation of joint ownership of the copyright in non-litigious proceedings during litigation between the same parties concerning the infringement of copyright to an audiovisual work. In connection with the doctrinal dispute regarding the cancellation of commonality of copyright, the authors present arguments in favour for such a possibility in light of the provisions of both copyright law and civil law, and they discuss the procedural provisions related to such cancellation. An important aspect of the problem addressed in this paper is also the impact of the proceedings for the cancellation of commonality of copyright on the ongoing litigation proceedings between the same parties concerning the infringement of the author’s economic rights. As a result of the analysis of the current legal status, taking into account the events of a past court case, the authors present conclusions of the law as it stands with regard to the need for changes in civil procedure – the proceedings in intellectual property cases. It should be emphasized that the addressed research problem concerning the mutual relation between the substantive law provisions and the civil procedure in the scope of cancellation of commonality of the author’s economic rights has not hitherto been described by legal scholars and commentators.
Protective Proceedings against a Person Committing Domestic Violence
Authors: Bodio Joanna
Published: April 2024

The article has a scientific and research character. Its purpose is to discuss the protective proceedings against the perpetrator of domestic violence in the area of Polish civil procedure and to answer questions about the method of such security, its subject, purpose, course of the proceedings and the provision of security. The answers to these questions may have not only doctrinal but also practical value, especially since there are no scientific studies on this topic. Although the basic research method used in the article is a formal and dogmatic analysis, the practice of applying the law was also taken into account, using the analysis of the jurisprudence of common courts and the scientific discussion conducted on the basis of these judgments. This new method of securing non-monetary claims of a novation nature serves to protect people affected by domestic violence and to provide temporary legal protection by isolating the victim from the violence offender in situations where he poses a threat to the life or health of household members. Securing is subject to the prior issuing of an order or prohibition by the competent authority (Police, Military Police or court). If such an order or prohibition has been issued, the court may grant security on the terms set out in Articles 7552 to 7554 of the Civil Procedure Code; if there is no prior order, the security is granted on general terms (Article 755 of the Code).
Dinámica familiar, interacción cuidador-niño y desarrollo infantil en un programa de intervención temprana: estudio transversal
Authors: Pizaña Sanchez Jazmin Monserrat , Torres Velázquez Laura Evelia , Rivera González Iván Rolando
Published: April 2024

OBJETIVO: Examinar las relaciones entre la Dinámica Familiar, la Interacción Cuidador- Niño y el Desarrollo Infantil en infantes de 29 meses o menos de edad, antes de su exposición a un programa de intervención temprana.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Por muestreo no probabilístico, se evaluaron diadas cuidador-niño que acudieron a un centro de promoción del desarrollo infantil en: 1) desarrollo infantil (con la prueba EDI), 2) interacción cuidador-niño (con el instrumento NCAST) o 3) dinámica familiar (con los instrumentos APGAR Familiar y ERI).

RESULTADOS: La disfunción familiar (64%), las dificultades interactivas del cuidador (54.05%) en sensibilidad (no permitir al niño explorar), responder a la angustia del niño (consolar con toques suaves, caricias, besos, etc.), en fomento al crecimiento socio-emocional (demostraciones físicas de afecto) y fomento al desarrollo cognitivo (no describir propiedades perceptibles de los materiales, utilizar lenguaje ambiguo, no usar descripciones verbales y ejemplos al enseñar al niño), y el riesgo de retraso para el desarrollo infantil (70.5%) fueron algo común. Motricidad gruesa y lenguaje fueron las áreas con mayor rezago (27% y 52%, respectivamente). Se encontraron correlaciones de la Dinámica Familiar, con la Interacción Cuidador-Niño y el Desarrollo Infantil.

CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio aporta evidencia inicial sobre la pertinencia de incluir la dinámica familiar como otra variable de evaluación/intervención para potenciar el efecto de los programas de intervención temprana.
NA Tamizaje motor: El estado del arte, lo que el pediatra debe saber
Authors: Flores Robles Claudia , Estrella-Piñón Mayra Patricia
Published: April 2024

La parálisis cerebral (PC) es la causa más frecuente de discapacidad motora en menores de 5 años. La sospecha de alto riesgo de PC antes de los 5 meses es posible con combinación de la evaluación cualitativa de los movimientos generales, la exploración infantil neurológica de Hammersmith y estudios de neuroimagen. La identificación oportuna de neonatos o lactantes con alto riesgo de PC permite establecer estrategias de intervención temprana que mejoren la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
Encefalopatía necrosante aguda como complicación de neumonía por virus Influenza B. Reporte de caso de autopsia
Authors: Ramirez Ristori Alfonso Gilberto
Published: April 2024

La importancia de esta publicación radica en enfatizar el reconocimiento de una enfermedad clínica, radiológica, laboratorial y patológicamente bien descrita y establecida como entidad propia, asociada con una infección viral. La rápida identificación puede permitir una terapéutica adecuada, así mismo explorar el espectro de una enfermedad rara por naturaleza en nuestra población y seguramente muy infradiagnosticada, que nos permita investigar diferencias genéticas si existe predisposición o recurrencia en casos de supervivientes al cuadro inicial, y así contribuir con los casos ya publicados a nivel internacional. Es nuestra obligación convertir el lamentable fallecimiento de un paciente, en una herramienta de utilidad diagnóstica, terapéutica, y de investigación, para usufructo de la población pediátrica y de la comunidad científica.
Sarampión y el riesgo de re introducción a México
Authors: Aguilar Ituarte Felipe
Published: April 2024

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Obesidad. Un problema de salud que requiere una interpretación y solución multisectorial
Authors: Perea Martínez Dr. Arturo , Ríos Gallardo Paul T , Lara Campos Ariadna Guadalupe , Padrón Martínez Miriam Mercedes , González Valadez Ana Lidia , Pecero Hidalgo María José , Suárez Nambo Pablo
Published: April 2024

La obesidad constituye un desafío de salud global que demanda una estrategia multisectorial para su atención. Se origina por interacciones genéticas, ambientales y conductuales. Los factores socioeconómicos y culturales influyen en su prevalencia y en las consecuencias asociadas. Su prevención y tratamiento efectivos requieren enfoques que integren un estilo de vida, un ambiente y un perfil de políticas públicas específicos. La colaboración entre los sectores de la salud, educación, deporte, economía y la políticas es esencial. Un entendimiento holístico y acciones coordinadas son cruciales para mitigar esta epidemia y mejorar la salud poblacional.