bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast Food and Junk Food
Authors: Smith Andrew F.
Published: September 2024

This fascinating and revealing work examines the incredible power of junk food and fast food—how nostalgic we are about them, the influence of the companies that manufacture or sell them, and their alarming effect on our country's state of health.

In the last half century, junk food and fast food have come to play an extremely important role in American economic, historical, cultural, and social life. Today, they have a major influence on what Americans eat—and how healthy we are (or aren't).Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of What We Love to Eattells the intriguing, fun, and incredible stories behind the successes of these commercial food products and documents the numerous health-related, environmental, cultural, and politico-economic issues associated with them.

With more than 700 alphabetically arranged entries, this two-volume encyclopedia contains enough listings to allow readers to research a wide range of fascinating topics. The author treats the massive amount of subject material within this reference title in a fair and balanced manner. A secondary focus of this encyclopedia is to chart the spread of some American fast food chains and commercially produced junk foods internationally.
Fifty Southern Writers After 1900
Authors: Bain Michael A. , Brigman Robin B. , Flora Joseph M. , McClanahan Susan
Published: September 2024

Product information not available.
Freshwater Issues
Authors: Smith Zachary A. , Thomassey Grenetta
Published: September 2024

A compelling look at the challenges of freshwater conservation and management issues facing the United States at the start of the new millennium.

Battles have been fought, lives have been lost, countries divided-and all for one reason-water.Freshwater Issuesprovides a quick education in the basics and essential issues of freshwater management. From water supply and resource information to the role of water in ecosystems, the coverage also provides global water data, examines uncertainties about future water supplies, and addresses technological advances in the development of water resources and environmental safeguards.

Thorough treatment is given to water rights, allocation issues, and U.S. water laws and their many regional variations. This is followed by an explanation of the economics of water, from ownership and pricing to social impact and discussions of often-conflicting public, environmental, and private interests. The war over water has just begun.
Greenwood Encyclopedia of Love, Courtship, and Sexuality through History
Authors: Howell James W.
Published: September 2024

Sex and love are central to daily life and to all nations. But despite the universality of these sentiments, their expression is largely shaped by the cultures in which they occur. Thus the ancient Greek understanding of love and sexuality is very different from the modern American one, for example, and even within particular cultures there is a great deal of variation. This massive set gives students and general readers a sweeping survey of love and sexuality across periods, places, and cultures. Entries cover a wide range of subjects, including customs and practices, authors and works, concepts and institutions, and various other topics. Thus the Encyclopedia defines love and sexuality in terms of cultural contexts.
Immigration in New York
Authors: Bogen Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

In this comprehensive and lively study (the second trait a most welcome change from most demographic analyses), Bogen, Director of the Office of Immigrant Affairs, provides a summary of the legislative history of immigration to the city and extensive quantitative data on the new arrivals. She also discusses the character and quality of human and legal services for immigrants and refugees, reviews monetary and social costs and benefits, sets forth a series of recommendations for social policy, and ends with a thoughtful Paean to the Lady, the one with the lamp held high beside the Golden Door. In addition to its general contents, Bogen's book includes a most useful glossary of terms and acronyms so that readers, too, may know what it means to adjust one's status, understand the oxymoron called conditional permanent residence, take courses in ESL, and look to a volag for assistance.Choice

This insightful volume is a comprehensive discussion of immigration patterns in New York City today. Providing the reader with a history of immigration, the book examines the composition of the city's immigrant population and the various public and private social agencies that affect it, such as the city's health and education agencies, the refugee resettlement network, the Catholic Church, and the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service. The book challenges the popular but contradictory notion that immigrants cause unemployment for native-born Americans by accepting work at lower wages, while they raise taxes by living on welfare.
America's Military Adversaries
Authors: Fredriksen John C.
Published: September 2024

This work chronicles the lives and accomplishments of over 200 enemies who have fought, plotted, spied on, and in some instances defeated U.S. forces over the past three centuries.

Books on American military heroes abound. But this book is the first to focus on America's talentedenemies—the generals, admirals, Indian chiefs and warriors, submarine captains, fighter pilots, and spies who opposed the United States with military force or other means. Often these military leaders were among the best minds of their times.

For more than two centuries, the new nation's most constant military opponents were the Native Americans, led by such capable chiefs as American Horse and Little Wolf. Under D'Iberville, Canada's French colonialists became formidable foes, but they were soon surpassed by the rigorously disciplined redcoats of Great Britain under Howe and Cornwallis. Ironically, the most effective enemies in the history of the United States were not the leaders of foreign military forces—like Mexico's Santa Anna, Japan's Yamamoto, or Vietnam's Vo Nguyen Giap. They arose from among its own citizens during the Civil War, the bloodiest conflict in American history.
American Military Leaders
Authors: Fredriksen John C.
Published: September 2024

A comprehensive collection of biographies of the most prominent military leaders in American history.

American Military Leaderscontains over 400 A–Z biographies of individuals such as Admiral Elmo Zumwalt, who ended hundreds of years of tradition by allowing women to serve on Navy ships; and, Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox, whose rules of clandestine warfare are still followed by the U.S. Special Forces.

Coverage centers on the outstanding generals, sergeants, fighter aces, militiamen, theorists, doctors, and nurses who make up America's military history. This volume presents their backgrounds, contributions, and significance to America's fortunes in war. This title also cites works for further research, includes a list of leaders organized by their military titles, and a comprehensive index.
Anthropology of Globalization
Authors: Lewellen Ted C.
Published: September 2024

Lewellen gives us the first analytic overview of an important new subject area in a field that has long been identified with the study of relatively bounded communities. Globalization refers to the increasing flows of trade, finance, culture, ideas, and people brought about by the sophisticated technology of communications and travel and by the worldwide spread of neoliberal capitalism. Unlike dependency theory and world systems analysis, which tended to assume a bird's-eye perspective, globalization offers a down-and-dirty, ground-up approach in which ethnographic research is not marginal but essential.

Through multiple examples, selected from the latest ethnographic research from all over the world, Lewellen examines the ways that globalization impacts migrants and stay-at-homes, peasants and tribal peoples, men and women. A crucial theme is that the global/local nexus is one of unpredictable interaction and creative adaptation, not of top-down determinism. Theoretically, globalization studies have become the focal point for the convergence of interpretive anthropology, critical anthropology, postmodernism, and poststructuralism, which are combined with a tough empiricism. For the casual reader or the classroom, this work draws together the ethnographic studies and cutting-edge theories that comprise the anthropology of globalization.
Biographical Dictionary of Modern American Educators
Authors: Ohles Frederik , Ohles Shirley M. , Ramsay John G.
Published: September 2024

Widely praised, Greenwood'sBiographical Dictionary of American Educators(Greenwood, 1978) quickly became a standard reference work for students and scholars of American education. This new volume includes biographical sketches of more than 400 notable researchers, leaders, reformers, critics, and practitioners from all major fields of education and extends the coverage of its predecessor to the mid-20th century. Its topical range encompasses such diverse areas as psychology, music, health, measurement and evaluation, science, special education, history, and administration. It treats education at all levels, including early childhood, elementary and secondary, higher, and adult. Most of the educators profiled were active in the 20th century, but several dozen have been included from the 19th century. A special effort has been made to include women and educators of color whose contributions have often been overlooked in the past.

Each biographical sketch includes information on family background, a description of the educator's accomplishments, and a digest of the person's education and career, professional and civic service, major publications, and principal honors. Each profile ends with a list of references, and the volume closes with appendices listing birth places, states of major service, fields of work, a chronological listing of educators, and a list of important dates in American education. A comprehensive index concludes the volume. Educators are included from all fifty states and were selected from numerous suggested candidates for inclusion. Most of the educators profiled were active in the 20th century, but several dozen have been included from the 19th century. A special effort has been made to include women and educators of color whose contributions have often been overlooked in the past.
Changing Federal Role in U.S. Health Care Policy
Authors: Kronenfeld Jennie Jacobs
Published: September 2024

Health care in the United States at the end of the 20th century occupies a completely different place in the economy, in the public consciousness, and in its impact on government, than it did at the beginning of the century, or even in the early years of the Clinton Administration. Health care is now a multi-billion dollar industry; one that consumes more than 15 percent of the nation's GNP. Citizens now regard health care as essential to the quality of their lives, and a steady stream of new medications and procedures point to ways to extend the lives of our aging population and restore those injured on or off the job. At the same time, the changing patterns of health care have stirred a national debate over the growth of managed care and the role that government can play in providing solid health care standards—a medical safety net—within tightening budgetary restraints. This book explores the role of the federal government in health care policy development from the years of the Founding Fathers to the present.

Kronenfeld reviews the key features of the American health care system, its infrastructure, and federal legislative process and outcomes in the health care arena. The current situation in health care is examined, with particular attention given to the attempt at major reform in the first Clinton administration, and to the modest changes that were ultimately passed. She closes with an examination of the future of health care and the role of government, emphasizing how current health care issues and concerns may set the stage for a changed federal role in funding and delivery of health care services in the next century. This comprehensive examination of the role of government in the health care system will be of great interest to students and researchers of public policy and the social aspects of American health care.
Churchill's Horses and the Myths of American Corporations
Authors: Bogie Mord
Published: September 2024

The large public corporations powering the U.S. economy—Churchill's Horses, in Bogie's metaphor—are underachievers, and all of us are paying the price. Why? The reasons are shrouded in the myths that these corporations use to mask their great power and disguise the interests it serves.Myth: the shareholders who own a public corporation control it by electing the directors who govern it.Anti-Myth(fact): shareholders of a public corporation don't elect the directors, and the directors don't govern the corporation. Shareholders don't even own the corporation in any meaningful sense of the word. Yet Churchill's Horses spend billions propping up the current price of their shares rather than invest the money in their (and our) future prosperity. Using many voices from current and recent business literature, Bogie leads you through myths and anti-myths to understand how public corporations have lost focus and ignored their most important stakeholders. Few readers will emerge with all their assumptions and beliefs intact.
Comprehensive Name Index for The American Slave
Authors: Potts   Jr Howard E.
Published: September 2024

In the 1930s, the Works Progress Administration began interviewing former slaves for their side of history, a project that would become one of the largest oral research projects on slavery. Forty years later, George P. Rawick compiled the thousands of interviews into the multi-volume seriesThe American Slave. Published by Greenwood Press in the 1970s, the slave narratives have provided a valuable resource for historians and researchers, but they lacked a comprehensive name index. This volume indexes the slaves according to where they lived (as opposed to where they were interviewed), enabling researchers to locate slaves by state, county, or region, as well as by their master's name, their age, and the interviewer.

The ease of access provided by this index will aid researchers who wish to consider the slave experience in specific states or regions. It will help scholars trace migratory patterns from one region to another and enable genealogical researchers to locate specific individuals.
Crash Course in Genealogy
Authors: Dowell David R.
Published: September 2024

A basic, how-to book written primarily to prepare librarians to assist genealogy researchers, this guide can also be used by those who wish to discover and document their family histories.

There has been an explosion of interest in genealogy recently, with popular series running on PBS (Faces of America), NBC (Who Do You Think You Are?) and BYU-TV (The Generations Project). Even Lisa Simpson did a genealogy project for school. Part of the popularCrash Courseseries,Crash Course in Genealogywill help librarians feel more comfortable as they work with the increasing number of patrons looking for assistance in researching their family trees.

Beginning with library genealogical services policies, the guide moves on to cover genealogical research principles and most-used sources. It also illustrates how one can perform a search backward in time through American family history. The book includes information on researching people of color, taking research to another country, and adding DNA information to genealogical research. Examples from the author's decades-long experience as a genealogist enrich the text, while illustrations of census records and the like help readers understand the research process.
Ethnic and Border Music
Authors: Cohen Norman
Published: September 2024

Just as American culture has been constructed by people of many ethnicities, roots music in America is multicultural in nature. Native American music resonates from Indigenous traditions of the Great Plains and the American West. Hispanic culture has spawned Border Music styles such as Conjunto and Tejano, while Cajun and Zydeco grew from cultural cross-pollination in the American South. In northern regions, Polish-American musicians popularized Polka, while Irish-American music holds a rich tradition throughout many regions in the East. This unique volume presents influential musical cultures from throughout the multicultural history of American vernacular song.

Series blurb: This series presents five volumes on genres of music that have evolved in distinctly regional styles throughout the nation. With volumes authored by leading music scholars, the series traces the growth of Blues, Country, Folk, and Jazz in their many regional variations, as well as Ethnic and Border music traditions throughout America. Each volume presents an accessible analysis of the genre in its many regional forms, examining the musical elements and, when applicable, lyrical subjects as tied to specific cultures throughout the United States.
Eugenics Movement
Authors: Engs Ruth Clifford
Published: September 2024

Eugenics—the theory that we can improve future generations of humans through selective breeding—was one of the most controversial movements of the early 20th century. Often tied to racist beliefs and nativist desires to limit immigration, the eugenics movement attracted some of the most prominent scientists and social reformers of the day. This encyclopedia brings into one place concise descriptions of the leading figures, organizations, events, legislation, publications, concepts, and terms of this vitally important period historical movement. Although focused on the United States during the heyday of the movement, the encyclopedia includes material on international event as well as connections to important contemporary issues such as genetic engineering, family balancing, and the possibility of human cloning.
Faiths across Time
Authors: Melton J. Gordon
Published: September 2024

This monumental, four-volume reference overviews significant events and developments in religious history over the course of more than five millennia.

Written for high school students, undergraduates, and general readers interested in the history of world religions, this massive reference chronicles developments in religious history from 3500 BCE through the 21st century. The set comprises four volumes, treating the ancient world from 3500 BCE through 499 CE, 500 through 1399, 1400 through 1849, and 1850 through 2009. Each volume includes hundreds of brief entries, arranged chronologically and then further organized by region and religion. The entries provide fundamental information on topics ranging from the neolithic Ggantija temples near Malta through the election of Mary Douglas Glasspool as bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles in 2009. Global in scope and encyclopedic in breadth, this chronology of world religions is an essential purchase for all libraries concerned with the development of human civilization.
Folk Music
Authors: Cohen Norman
Published: September 2024

American folk music has provided a narrative thread to the fiber of the nation since its earliest days. Folk music scholar Norm Cohen presents a thorough exploration of the many ways in which folk music genres and subgenres have arisen in different regions of America. Chapters on folk song types, folk instrumentation, and the urban folk revival set further context to the discussion, and an itemized summary of noted folksong collections serves as an additional tool for both general readers and folk music scholars.

American folk music has provided a narrative thread to the fiber of the nation since its earliest days. Forms ranging from New England sea chanteys to Pennsylvania Dutch worksongs helped shape life in the Northeast. Appalachian ballads evolved in the South, as did slave spirituals that served as codes for the Underground Railroad. Folk ballads on lumbering and mining grew in the Midwest and Northwest, while cowboy ballads emerged across the Great Plains and the West, and railroad songs accompanied expansion along the American frontier. Folk music scholar Norm Cohen presents a thorough exploration of the many ways in which folk music genres and subgenres have arisen in different regions of America. Chapters on folk song types, folk instrumentation, and the urban folk revival set further context to the discussion, and an itemized summary of noted folksong collections serves as an additional tool for both general readers and folk music scholars.

The Greenwood Guide to American Roots Musicseries includes volumes on musical genres that have pervaded American culture. Each volume explores the different ways that selected genres, such as folk music, have evolved naturally in different regions and scenes thoughout the nation.
Great American Judges
Authors: Vile John R.
Published: September 2024

Inspiring and instructive biographies of the 100 most influential judges from state and federal courts in one easy-to-access volume.

Great American Judgesprofiles 100 outstanding judges and justices in a full sweep of U.S. history. Chosen by lawyers, historians, and political scientists, these men and women laid the foundation of U.S. law. A complement toGreat American Lawyers, together these two volumes create a complete picture of our nation's top legal minds from colonial times to today.

Following an introduction on the role of judges in American history are A–Z biographical entries portraying this diverse group from extraordinarily different backgrounds. Students and history enthusiasts will appreciate the accomplishments of these role models and the connections between their inspiring lives and their far-reaching legal decisions. William Rehnquist, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., and 12 other Supreme Court justices are found alongside federal judges like Skelly Wright, who ordered school desegregation in 1960. Influential state judges such as Rose Elizabeth Bird, California's first woman Supreme Court Chief Justice, are also featured.
Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions
Authors: Greenberg Yudit Kornberg
Published: September 2024

This is the first comprehensive resource on the subject of love in the teachings of the world's major religions, cultures, and philosophies.

Encyclopedia of Love in World Religionsis the first reference work to offer a comprehensive portrait of love in the context of the classic and contemporary literature of Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism, as well as other cultures and philosophies. Like no volume published to date, it reveals the full richness of religious teachings on love in all its many forms, exploring an extensive range of topics that offer philosophical, psychological, and religious perspectives to guide the quest for the meaning of love.

Encyclopedia of Love in World Religionsfeatures approximately 300 subject entries, as well as insightful biographic sketches of preeminent thinkers, all written by a multidisciplinary team of some of the foremost scholars on the subject. Entries examine both general and culture-specific interpretations of love: not just the dichotomy of spiritual and physical love, but the full emotional spectrum of love in relationships and practices. Collectively, they encompass love's integral—and sometimes conflicting—role in shaping beliefs and behavior in a vastly diverse world.
Managing Fairness in Organizations
Authors: Beugré Constant D.
Published: September 2024

The term organizational justice refers to perceptions of fairness within organizations. Justice as a social phenomenon has received a great deal of research attention from social psychologists. With new research on fairness in organizations, scholars in organizational behavior, industrial/organizational psychology, and managers are provided with practical orientations on how to create fair working environments. Although organizational justice is not a panacea for managers, it can help boost employee morale and cooperation. Perceptions of unfairness have been related to several negative reactions such as employee theft, lack of commitment, lawsuits, and recently aggressive behaviors in the workplace. Perceptions of fair treatment, on the other hand, have been related to attitudinal and behavioral outcomes such as employee commitment, trust, and cooperation that are conducive to organizational performance.

The most important asset of any organization is its workforce and the way people are treated shapes attitudes and behaviors such as commitment, trust, performance, turnover, aggression, and all issues of human resources. As we are moving toward a more educated workforce, people want not only better jobs but also to be treated with respect and dignity in the workplace. We are entering an era in which issues of fairness in a diversity of forms will be high on the agenda of corporate management, thus a better understanding of issues of justice in modern organizations is imperative for human resource managers.
Politics, Media, and Modern Democracy
Authors: Swanson David L. , Mancini Paolo
Published: September 2024

This important new text brings together an outstanding group of international scholars to look at the current state of electoral politics around the world. Elements of the modern (or American) model of election campaigning have been adopted in many countries in recent years—including the use of mass media, the personalization of campaigns, use of public opinion polls, and a general professionalization of campaigns—and conditions would seem to favor the spread of that model. Contributors to this volume, from established democracies, new and restored democracies, and democracies facing destabilizing pressure, examine the extent to which electoral politics in their countries have been affected by the emergence of high-tech professional campaigns. Countries examined provide a cross-section of today's democracies, including the United States, Britain, Sweden, Germany, Russia, Poland, Spain, Israel, Italy, Argentina, and Venezuela. The work will be of interest to scholars and students alike in political communication, political parties and elections, and comparative politics.
Genius After Psychoanalysis
Authors: Cho K. Daniel
Published: September 2024

Develops a new psychoanalytic theory of genius, a concept that is often invoked and pervasive in popular culture but which is rarelyscrutinizedin depth.

In the absence of this scrutiny, genius has come to be understood as exceptional talent or intelligence—an elitist notion.Genius After Psychoanalysisintervenes in this debate by offering a new account of genius.

Drawing on the work of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan, K. Daniel Cho argues that genius is not exceptional talent or intelligence but is related to and illuminated by the psychological concept of sublimation, where the unpleasures that arise when our intellectual products fail become themselves pleasurable. Beginning with a close examination of Freud’s work on Leonardo da Vinci, Cho analyzes film, art, our relationship to nature, politics, group psychology, love, and philosophy to demonstrate that genius, far from an elitist notion, is universally available through a different approach to ideas of imperfection, disappointment, and failure.

Genius After Psychoanalysisis a bold new intervention on a culturally central but understudied topic.
Features of early changes in late response in L5 radiculopathy
Authors: Khodulev V. I. , Kabylka A. V.
Published: September 2024

A clinical case of L5 radiculopathy with the onset of pain in the lower leg with subsequent addition of pain in the lower back after one month is presented. In the neurological status, hypoaesthesia and decreased muscle strength in the extensor hallucis longus of the left foot were noted. A serial three-fold electroneuromyographic study was performed. When testing the tibial nerve from the abductor hallucis, an A-wave was detected, which was recorded after the F-wave, whereas two months after the onset of the disease, the A-wave disappeared, but the combined duration of the F-wave was increased. Thus, the analysis of electroneuromyographic data in the form of the presence of the A-wave with its localization after the F-wave and an increase in the combined duration of the entire F-wave complex during the study of the tibial nerve in combination with clinical and neuroimaging data is important for the diagnosis of L5 radiculopathy.
Connection of cirrhosis in the outcome of alcoholic liver disease with the PNPLA3 gene polymorphism rs738409
Authors: Pershenkova O. S. , Mikhailova E. I.
Published: September 2024

Objective. To evaluate the prevalence of PNPLA3 gene variants in patients with liver cirrhosis (CKD) in the outcome of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and the influence of the mutation on the course of the disease in the case of the Belarusian population.

Materials and methods. A total of 260 subjects of Caucasian origin were included in the study and divided into three groups: group I - subjects with ALD with CKD features (n=91), group II - subjects with ALD without CKD (n=51), group III - healthy volunteers (n=118).

Results. The GG genotype was prevalent in persons of group I compared to group II and III (χ2=10.64; p=0.001 and χ2=4.87; p=0.03, respectively). The risk of developing alcoholic liver cirrhosis in persons with the GG genotype is 2.2–2.4 times higher than in those with the CC and CG genotypes.

Conclusion. The study was the first to investigate the prevalence of different genotypes of PNPLA3 gene in patients with CKD in the outcome of ALD and to show a higher risk of disease progression in homozygotes for G allele in the case of the Belarusian population.
Development and justification of the optimal model of acute destructive pancreatitis in an experiment
Authors: Masyukevich A. I. , Garelik P. V.
Published: September 2024

Objective. To develop a new model of acute destructive pancreatitis (ADP) in rats, similar in terms of changes in the human pancreas, characterized by technical simplicity and viceless of known models of experimental ADP, lasting for a long time and allowing the evaluation of the data obtained in early and long-term periods, and suitable for testing new drugs.

Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on 54 cyclic Wistar rats to simulate ADP by introducing a solution of the ionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate into the pancreatic tissue, after which hematological, biochemical and serological studies were performed. The obtained data were subjected to comparative statistical analysis. The rats were divided into 3 groups of 18 individuals, where group №1 was the control group, groups №2 and №3 were modeling ADP by introducing 10% and 20% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, respectively. Mortality rates, inflammatory markers, and end-organ laboratory changes were compared at 24, 96, and 192 hours. Statistical data processing was carried out using the program «Statistica 10».

Results. Control group №1 is characterized by the absence of mortality and minimal laboratory changes, which corresponds to the pancreas response to surgery. In group №2, mortality was 16.67% with statistically significant laboratory changes relative to group №1, which corresponds to moderate ADP. Group №3 has a high mortality rate (66.66%) and statistically significantly higher laboratory markers compared to groups №1 and №2. This group is characterized by severe ADP.

Conclusion. In rats of group №2 moderate ADP developed. This model can be recommended as a universal one for testing new drugs for the treatment of ADP. Hematological, biochemical, and serological tests allow assessing the severity of acute destructive pancreatitis in experiment on rats.
A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of a patient with congenital renal vascular pathology
Authors: Kavalchuk A. N. , Platoshkin E. N. , Shut S. A. , Nikolaeva N. V. , Kniaziuk A. S. , Slaunikau R. V. , Melnikau Emil Yurjevich
Published: September 2024

The article describes a clinical case of hereditary anomaly of the renal vessels with the development of pyeloectasis. This pathology is a risk factor for the development of secondary arterial hypertension and requires both dynamic monitoring and decision-making on the choice of treatment method. Taking into account the psychosomatic background, it was decided to give this patient a course of holistic massage (a method of body-oriented therapy) in order to reduce the influence of sympathicotonia on the general condition of the patient. In terms of control – Holter ECG monitoring, assessment of function and ultrasound of the kidneys (size of the renal pelvis). Knowledge of the individual characteristics of the patient with the involvement of specialists of relevant competencies and correction of treatment taking into account the level of anxiety can affect the quality of life of the patient with concomitant pathology and the duration of the state of compensation.
Generative Artificial Intelligence as a Lifelong Learning Self Efficacy: Usage and Competence Scale
Authors: Arslankara Veysel Bilal , Usta Ertuğrul
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to develop a scale to measure the usage and competence levels of generative artificial intelligence as a lifelong learning self-efficacy among young and adult lifelong learners. Research data were collected from 248 individuals aged between 18 and 55. After a thorough review of the literature and theoretical frameworks such as the Technology Acceptance Model, Self-Efficacy Theory and Connectivism, an item pool for the scale was created. Similar scales in the related field were examined, and the item pool was developed accordingly. The items were reviewed by experts in educational technology, lifelong learning, and scale development. After making the necessary revisions, the trial form of the scale was presented to the participants. To determine the construct validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated that the scale consisted of two factors. The first factor comprises 10 items, while the second factor consists of 9 items. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to reveal the relationships within the factors, the relationships between the variables and the factors, and the explanatory power of the factors on the model. The internal consistency coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha reliability value, was determined to be .833, and the Spearman-Brown coefficient was found to be .711, both of which indicate acceptable reliability. In conclusion, the Generative Artificial Intelligence Usage and Competence (GAIUC) Scale is expected to fill a gap in the literature by providing a validated tool to measure both the usage and competence of lifelong learners in using AI. This scale can serve as a foundation for future studies exploring AI-supported learning in various educational contexts.
Evaluation of Faculty of Health Sciences Students, Perspectives on Art
Authors: Yeşiltaş Aysun , Tekin Hasan H. , Durmuşoğlu Saltalı Neslihan
Published: September 2024

This research aimed to determine the perspectives of health sciences faculty students regarding art. In this context, data was collected through a survey from 393 students in different departments studying at Necmettin Erbakan University Nezahat Keleşoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences in the 2023-2024 academic year. Participants; It was observed that 86.8% were women, 34.6% were sophomores, 28.8% were students of the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, and 46.8% were not interested in any branch of art. The two statements with which the participants agreed at the highest level were "I like going to the movies" (4.32±.74) and "I believe that works of art evoke good feelings in people" (4.24±.73), respectively. The two statements with the lowest arithmetic mean in the scale were determined as "I would love to see myself as a famous artist in the future" and "I dream of my artistic works being exhibited in a museum or gallery one day", respectively. It is seen that the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the scale total score are 3.80±.55. No significant relationship was found between students' attitudes towards art and gender, age, department and class. The overall average of the scale with the sub-dimensions "Necessity of Art", "Valuing Art Education", "Personal Artistic Tendency" is higher for participants who are interested in art than those who are not interested. In line with the research results, it can be recommended to support students' participation in artistic activities and increase such activities in schools.
Implementation of Review Technique and Critical Path Method on Academic Programs among Selected Tertiary Institutions in South-South, Nigeria.
Authors: Udeme Vincent Udok,
Published: September 2024

The study was on the implementation of review technique and critical path method on academic programs among selected tertiary institutions in South-South states of Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to determine the commencement and completion of academic schedules using Critical Path Method forward and backward pass computation, to determine the critical path using Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique, to determine the total duration time for the academic programs among these three institutions in each semester using Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique and to determine the probability of completing academic programs within the stipulated time frame among the selected institutions in south-south states of Nigeria. Descriptive study was used in the description of the selected institutions. Also, accessible sampling was adopted due to the availability of the institutions’ secondary data from the institutions’ portal and academic calendar during the period under review. Analyses were performed on the accessible secondary data. The findings showed that total completion days of School A academic schedule using Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique were 84 and 83 days with the probability of 70%. School B total academic schedule completion days using Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique were 91 and 87 days with the probability of 100% approximately. Also, School C total academic schedule completion days using Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique were 91 and 85 with the probability of 83%. Hence, the implementation of Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique in the scheduling of academic programs is very significant on the academic schedule completion time since their probabilities of program completion were 70% and above. In pursuit of the goals outlined in this seminar project, calculations involving both forward and backward pass were executed in the context of Critical Path Method. This process helped ascertain the earliest event, the latest commencement and completion times for activities across the three institutions. Slack values were also calculated to determine the critical part in the three institutions under study. However, the study recommended that school management and staff should implement Critical Path Method and Project Evaluation and Review Technique in scheduling, planning, coordinating and executing all academic activities to ensure timely and effective completion.
Texture Aware Deep Features for Precise Wrist Fracture Detection
Authors: Butt Muhammad Hassan , Ahmad Wakeel , Shah Syed M. Adnan , Islam Usman
Published: September 2024

Bone fractures are a critical medical condition requiring a thorough and accurate diagnosis to ensure proper treatment and healing. The physical examination of X-ray images by radiologists is time-consuming and subject to human error, indicating the need for an automated solution. This study proposes an advanced deep-learning approach to detect and classify bone fractures from X-ray images. This research aims to improve detection accuracy and streamline the diagnostic process using cutting-edge computer vision methods. Our approach starts with preprocessing the dataset, encompassing image resizing to 50x50 pixels, enhancement, and augmentation to improve diversity. Canny Edge detection is used to emphasize structural edges in the augmented dataset. The dataset is classified into training, testing, and validation subsets. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) automatically extracts deep learning features, obtaining complex patterns that show bone fractures. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (G.L.C.M) is utilized for texture features. These features are arranged to form a comprehensive feature set. The principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to this fused feature set to shrink dimensionality while preserving critical information, which is then used for fracture prediction. Experiments were conducted using a dataset of 14,718 X-ray images covering various bone fractures. The proposed method achieved an incredible classification accuracy of 98%, significantly outperforming traditional diagnostic methods and other contemporary models.
High-resolution greenhouse gas flux inversions using a machine learning surrogate model for atmospheric transport
Authors: Dadheech Nikhil , He Tai-Long , Turner Alexander J.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is critically important for projecting future climate and assessing the impact of environmental policy. Estimating GHG emissions using atmospheric observations is typically done using source-receptor relationships (i.e., "footprints'').  Constructing these footprints can be computationally expensive and is rapidly becoming a computational bottleneck for studying GHG fluxes at high spatio-temporal resolution using dense observations.  Here we demonstrate a computationally efficient GHG flux inversion framework using a machine learning emulator for atmospheric transport (FootNet) as a surrogate for the full-physics model. The footprints generated by FootNet are at approximately one-kilometer resolution. We update the architecture of the deep-learning model to improve the performance in a GHG flux inversion.  Paradoxically, the updated FootNet model out-performs the full-physics model when used in a flux inversion and compared against independent observations. This improved performance is likely because atmospheric transport simulated with a full-physics transport model is not necessarily more accurate. The more simplistic representation of transport in the machine learning model helps to mitigate transport errors. This flux inversion using a machine learning surrogate model only requires meteorological data, GHG measurements, and prior fluxes. Constructing footprints using FootNet is 650× faster than the full-physics atmospheric transport model on similar hardware. This speedup allows for computation of footprints "on-the-fly'' during the GHG flux inversion (i.e., computed as needed, rather than archiving for future use) and makes near-real-time emission monitoring computationally possible. This work alleviates a major computational bottleneck with inferring GHG fluxes with next generation dense observing systems.
High-resolution hydrometeorological and snow data for the Dischma catchment in Switzerland
Authors: Magnusson Jan , Bühler Yves , Quéno Louis , Cluzet Bertrand , Mazzotti Giulia , Webster Clare , Mott Rebecca , Jonas Tobias
Published: September 2024

Abstract. We present a high-resolution hydrometeorological and snow dataset from the alpine Dischma watershed and its surroundings in eastern Switzerland, including station measurements of variables such as snow depth and catchment runoff. This dataset is particularly suited for different modelling experiments using distributed and process-based models, including physics-based snow and hydrological models. Additionally, the data is highly useful for testing various snow data assimilation schemes and for developing models representing snow-forest interactions. The dataset covers seven water years from 1 October 2016 to 30 September 2023. The complete domain spans an area of 333 km² with altitudes ranging from 1250 to 3228 meters. The Dischma basin, with its outlet at 1671 m elevation, occupies 42.9 km². Included in the dataset are high-resolution (100 m) hourly meteorological data (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, precipitation, as well as long- and shortwave radiation), land cover characteristics (primarily forest properties), and a digital elevation model. Noteworthy, the dataset includes snow depth acquisitions obtained from airborne lidar and photogrammetry surveys, constituting the most extensive spatial snow depth dataset in the European Alps. Along with these gridded datasets, we provide daily quality-controlled snow depth recordings from seven sites, biweekly snow water equivalent measurements from two locations, and hourly runoff and stream temperature observations for the Dischma watershed. The data compiled in this study will be useful for further developing our ability to forecast snow and hydrological conditions in high-alpine headwater catchments that are particularly sensitive to ongoing climate change.
Teaching Taboo Topics: Menstruation in a Global Context
Authors: Kushwaha Madhu , Maring Elisabeth Fost
Published: September 2024

Inadequate menstrual health education is a global public health issue. An innovative Global Classroom course, Teaching Menstrual Health: Dispelling Myths and Misconceptions, is situated at the intersection of gender, culture, and health. The course engages students from India and the U.S. in project-based learning on menstrual health and misconceptions that impact individuals and communities. Linking the fields of public health and education, students engage in lectures and discussions that address power imbalances and build cultural competency before working collaboratively on projects to address stigma around menstruation. The course was designed to address colonial narratives that marginalize menstruators and undermine women’s health. Student experiences are quoted to demonstrate how the five course development strategies create action for menstrual and reproductive justice.
Desafíos de la gestión administrativa universitaria ante la agenda del desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Eduardo Espinoza-Solís  , Fabre-Merchán Paolo , Solis-Granda Luis Eduardo , Pérez-Salazar Jazmin Alexandra
Published: September 2024

El contexto actual de la educación superior en Ecuador se ve influenciado por la necesidad de alinear sus prácticas con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), en el marco de la Agenda 2030. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los principales desafíos que afrontan las universidades ecuatorianas ante la Agenda 2030. Se realizó una revisión documental cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria, para lo cual se han utilizado bases de datos académicas para examinar la literatura existente. Los resultados identifican la insuficiencia de recursos financieros como el principal obstáculo, lo que limita la adopción de tecnologías sostenibles y la ejecución de proyectos de infraestructura. Se observa una diversidad en las estrategias adoptadas por las universidades para superar estas barreras, con variaciones en su efectividad según la ubicación geográfica y la estructura institucional. Asimismo, se destaca la carencia de indicadores específicos como una limitación significativa en la medición del avance hacia los ODS. Se concluye que es imperativo un enfoque integrado en la planificación estratégica para mejorar la sostenibilidad institucional y superar la resistencia al cambio organizacional.