bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF MEDICAL EVENTS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO CIVIL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Kopeć Mirosław
Published: April 2024

The article presents the proceedings before the voivodship commission for adjudicating on medical events as an alternative to civil proceedings conducted before a civil court. The analyzed proceedings are characterized by independence in the voivodeship commission, and this independence can be assessed at a satisfactory level. Undoubtedly, the main advantages of the discussed procedure are its speed, low cost and attractive distribution of the burden of command. It is worth noting that even in the case of a negative judgment, the initiated proceedings do not create res judicata and do not close the court’s way of pursuing one’s claims.
Effectiveness of Electoral Violence Prevention Mechanisms: Insights from Malawi
Authors: Henry Rodrick
Published: April 2024

Elections are vital to democracy and democratic consolidation. Ideally, they are peaceful endeavours, allowing voters to express their preferences and winners to take office. However, elections in the Third Wave of democracy often exhibit violence. Election Violence Prevention (EVP) mechanisms have been employed to address conflicts between various actors. Nevertheless, their effectiveness in curbing electoral violence varies across African countries. This paper examines the effectiveness of EVP mechanisms in Malawi, focusing on the Public Affairs Committee, National Initiative for Civic Education, and Multi-party Liaison Committees. The paper argues that EVP mechanisms have been effective in preventing electoral violence. The effectiveness of these mechanisms relates to their origin, design, composition and operation methodology.
Public Sector Reform in Tanzania: Implementation of the National Five-Year Development Plan Towards Social Service Provision
Authors: Rubakula Gelas
Published: April 2024

Since independence, Tanzania has had a tradition of formulating and implementing long-term and medium-term development plans including the Five-Year Development Plan II (FYDP II) of 2016/17-2020/21. This article aims to assess the implementation of the FYDP II in relation to the provision of social services such as water, health, and education. The empirical question however is whether or not, and to what extent this plan has been implemented. The study thematically analysed secondary data to assess the implementation process. The results show that, to some extent, the implementation was affected by the continued financial dependence on foreign aid and loans, limited awareness of taxpayers on tax education, poor use of Electrical Fiscal Devices (EFDs), and corruption. This article suggests that the government should strengthen and create a better business environment and improve tax education while enhancing the use of EFDs to increase tax collection so that it depends less on foreign aid and concessional loans. The public sector should also be transformed and strengthened to curb all forms of corruption. The desire to see public sectors transformed into a modern administrative panache will undoubtedly lead to significant development and poverty alleviation.
The Implication of Mothers’ Full-Time Labour Force Participation on Early Childcare and Outcome: A Case Study of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Paskal Mbatta Ignasia
Published: April 2024

In the last two decades, in Tanzania, female labour force participation outside the home has grown significantly along with their male counterparts challenging the traditional view that women are reproducers and producers in the home-based economy. Full-time employment leads to higher levels of self-esteem, autonomy, and independence, which may influence sensitivity in caregiving. Many mothers also participate in multiple roles which might limit exclusive time for childcare necessary for the development of healthy children. Qualitative methods were used to collect data both from workplaces and homes. Purposive sampling was utilized to identify 42 full-time working mothers with children under the age of five. In-depth interviews, non-participant observation and documentary reviews were used to gather data which was then analysed thematically. The findings indicate that employment imbues women self-esteem, autonomy and independence which improve sensitivity. Children gain from improved nutrition, health services, and access to better secondary care services. However, balancing family demands was difficult, and this affected the nature of maternal care of children. Work-family conflict demands were the main source of stress in mothers, which was detrimental on children's wellbeing. The study recommends that families should devise mechanisms for investing quality time with children, and develop crèches for early childcare in order to mitigate the rising challenges of working and raising healthy and secure children in an urban setting.
Challenges of Online Dating among the Youths in the Contemporary World: Experiences of Undergraduates
Authors: F.N Bolu-Steve , A.O Nasiru , L.O Agubosi
Published: April 2024

Online dating has gained prominence among students seeking life partners, with dynamics and challenges varying across cultural contexts. This study investigates the challenges of online dating among contemporary youth, specifically focusing on undergraduate experiences. Employing a descriptive survey design, the study surveyed 210 undergraduates from the University of Ilorin, utilizing a researcher-designed questionnaire named "Challenges of Online Dating Questionnaire (CODQ)." The instrument demonstrated validity and reliability (coefficient of 0.70). Data analysis involved frequency count, mean, rank order analysis, t-test, and ANOVA at a 0.05 significance level. Results identified electronic abuse, disappointment after in-person meetings, and disrespect for partner opinions as primary challenges. Hypotheses testing revealed no significant gender, age, or religious differences, except for educational levels. The findings underscore the importance of understanding and addressing online dating challenges in educational settings, where diverse experiences converge. Recommendations include counselor-led awareness programs to help undergraduates navigate challenges, particularly electronic abuse and mistreatment issues.
The Psychosocial Experiences of Unintended Pregnancies among University Students: A Case of University of Dar as Salaam Female Students
Authors: Ismael Maphie Emanuel
Published: April 2024

Unexpected pregnancies have been reported to increase among youths particularly those in universities. The increase of unintended pregnancies among university students has culminated in a number of challenges including psychological problems.  Several studies have been done on the matter but no one has trapped the psychosocial experiences particularly among university female students. The current study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the psychological experiences of unintended pregnancy among female students at the University of Dar as Salaam in Tanzania. A socio-ecological theory applied to sketch and lead the study. To achieve this, the research study used qualitative techniques particularly interviews, focused group discussion as well as documentary review to gather data from 25 participants. The sample generated using three sampling techniques which are snowball, convenience and purposive sampling. The study findings revealed a number of psychosocial experiences faced by female students after they acquire unintended pregnancies. They experience stigmatization, social isolation and exclusion, limited support systems as well as societal negative judgments.  The study suggests that in addressing the experiences of female students with unexpected pregnancies, universities are required to create supportive and inclusive environments that prioritize their well-being. This includes implementing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education, improving access to quality reproductive healthcare services, establishing support systems for pregnant female students and addressing societal attitudes and norms that perpetuate stigma and discrimination.
From De-Emphasizing Public Health and Social Measures for Covid-19 to Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis of Two Tanzanian Administration’s Responses to Covid-19
Authors: Mutebi Simon
Published: April 2024

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing on document analysis and in-depth interviews, argument is built on the concept of ‘Contested Truths’ and geopolitics of power and knowledge to argue that the approach taken by President Magufuli’s administration in curbing the spread of COVID-19 appeared as progressive because it articulated a decolonial turn, and gave people moral and practical orientation to navigate a highly uncertain time in their lives. However, it lacked the robustness for controlling the pandemic as it drew on a non-evidence-based approach. The intervention of President Hassan’s administration, instead, drew on evidence-based medicine and public health measures to curb the spread of COVID-19, as championed by global North epistemologies. This article emphasizes the significance of considering diverse COVID-19 responses and the various aspirations these responses serve within a nation and internationally.
Mediating Role of Dividend Policy on the Effect of Profitability, Company Size, and Capital Structure on the Value of Manufacturing Companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Simanjuntak Yuliana Efriani Kristianingsih , Sihotang Ronny Buha , Hutabarat Francis
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze and prove (1) the effect of Profitability, company size, and capital structure partially and simultaneously on the value of Manufacturing companies on the IDX. The problem in manufacturing companies is that there is still an uneven distribution of dividends, which can affect company value. The population of this study were all manufacturing companies on the IDX using purposive sampling technique, namely sample withdrawal based on specific criteria. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research, which aims to describe or describe the properties (characteristics) of a situation or research object, carried out through quantitative data collection and analysis and statistical testing. This research test tool uses multiple linear regression models, such as the t-test and F-test. The results of this study prove that Profitability, company size, capital structure, and dividend policy simultaneously affect the value of manufacturing companies on the IDX. Partial test results prove that company size and capital structure affect the value of manufacturing companies on the IDX, while profitability and dividend policy do not affect the value of manufacturing companies on the IDX. The results of path analysis testing prove that Profitability through dividend policy affects firm value. Company size through dividend policy does not affect firm value. Capital structure through dividend policy does not affect firm value.
Tratado de Cirugía General en Atención Primaria en Salud Tomo 20
Authors: López López Sandra Catalina , Salgado Muñoz Francisco Fernando , García Moran José Daniel , Salazar Beckert Narcisa Verónica , Martillo Villamar John Alexis , Ceballos Antequera Edwuard Reinaldo , Moreira Cusme Karen Gissela , Morán López James Abraham , Mosquera Almeida Melany Nicole , Aviles Villavicencio Juan José , Yagual Lucas Gonzalo Mauricio , García Intriago Gregorio Gabriel , Guerrero Icaza María Gabriela , Guerrero Icaza Francisco Xavier , Zambrano Vélez Jazmín Jinmabel , Burbano Juela Ruben Santiago , Tambo Tomarema Walter Estalin , Aguirre Campoverde Gabriela Stefania , Cedillo Noblecilla Karla Andrea , Carrión Carpio Gonzalo Efrén
Published: April 2024

La cirugía general desempeña un papel crucial en la atención primaria de la salud, abordando una amplia variedad de condiciones médicas que requieren intervención quirúrgica. En este contexto, el libro "Tratado de Cirugía General en Atención Primaria en Salud Tomo 20" se presenta como una obra de referencia completa y actualizada que ofrece orientación clara y práctica para los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en el ámbito de la atención primaria.
Dermatología en la Práctica Médica General Vol. 10
Authors: Morán López James Abraham , Mosquera Almeida Melany Nicole , Apolo Bustamante Mary del Carmen , Galarza Rodas Carolina Estefanía , Cedeño Álava Abraham Oswaldo , Guanopatin Vargas Delcy Andreina , Contreras Cano Katiuska Katherine , Aviles Villavicencio Juan José , Castro Miño María Isabel , García Lago Maria Gabriela , Chilan Cedeño Linda Nerina , Alvarez Vasquez Michelle Carolina , Yanza Sasig María José
Published: April 2024

La dermatología es una disciplina médica que aborda una amplia gama de trastornos cutáneos, desde los más comunes hasta los más raros y complejos. En este contexto, el libro "Dermatología en la Práctica Médica General Vol. 10" emerge como una herramienta esencial para los médicos generales y otros profesionales de la salud que se enfrentan a desafíos dermatológicos en su práctica diaria.
Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 9
Authors: Arellano Cobo Francisco Camilo , Castro Miño María Isabel , Yagual Gutiérrez Diana Raquel , Gaibor Tomalá Carlos Alberto , Vasquez Ramirez Rubén Dario , Rodriguez Plaza Gabriela Rosa , Bustamante Guerrero Rayner Andrés , García Moran José Daniel , Peña Sanchez Julio Necker , Vargas Borbor Raul Alejandro , Verá Tarira Jhon Roosevelt , Llerena Ripalda Denisse Patricia , Reyes Melo Christian Alexander , Jiménez Correa Dayana Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

El avance tecnológico en el campo de la imagenología médica ha revolucionado la forma en que diagnosticamos y tratamos una amplia variedad de enfermedades. En este contexto, el libro "Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 9" emerge como una obra esencial que aborda de manera integral los temas más relevantes en este campo en constante evolución.
Guía Esencial de Medicina Interna en el Primer Nivel de Atención Tomo 15
Authors: Martillo Villamar John Alexis , Neira Verduga Jaime Andrés , Neira Verduga Maria de Fatima , Morán López James Abraham , Mosquera Almeida Melany Nicole , Cedeño Álava Abraham Oswaldo , Aviles Villavicencio Juan José , Bastidas Caiza Abel Mesias , Zabala Chico Mayra Jacqueline , Canales Taylor David Elias , Madrid Peralta Erika Adriana , Gaibor Tomalá Carlos Alberto , Macias Montoya Mariam Maholy , Rodríguez Jiménez José Luis , Tuza Bazurto Vanessa del Pilar , Rodriguez Plaza Gabriela Rosa , Gallegos Caldas Estuardo Miguel , Guamán Barrezueta Angélica Thaís
Published: April 2024

La medicina interna en el primer nivel de atención despliega un papel crucial en la detección, manejo y prevención de una amplia variedad de enfermedades. En esta línea, el libro "Guía Esencial de Medicina Interna en el Primer Nivel de Atención Tomo 15" emerge como una herramienta invaluable para los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en este ámbito, ofreciendo una guía clara y concisa para la atención integral de los pacientes.
Temas Selectos en Oncología
Authors: García Moran José Daniel , Monroy Angulo Sugey Berenisse , Salazar Beckert Narcisa Verónica , Cedeño Álava Abraham Oswaldo , Yagual Gutiérrez Diana Raquel , Madrid Peralta Erika Adriana , Gaibor Tomalá Carlos Alberto , Rodriguez Plaza Gabriela Rosa
Published: April 2024

La lucha contra el cáncer demanda un conocimiento profundo y actualizado de los desarrollos más recientes en el campo de la oncología. En respuesta a esta necesidad, el libro "Temas Selectos en Oncología" emerge como una obra crucial que aborda de manera integral los aspectos más relevantes y avanzados en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y manejo integral del cáncer.
ZİYA GÖKALP’İN DEVLET ANLAYIŞI
Authors: Altan İzzeddin
Published: April 2024

Türk sosyolojisinin önde gelen simalarından olan Ziya Gökalp, Osmanlı Devleti’nin çöküşüne, Millî Mücadele döneminin çalkantılarına ve yeni Türk devletinin kuruluşuna şahitlik etmiş bir düşünürdür. Yaşadığı dönem, Osmanlıcılık, İslamcılık ve Türkçülük akımları arasında büyük tartışmaların yaşandığı ve Türk milletinin istikbali hususunda derin bir belirsizliğin hemen bütün zihinlerde hissedildiği bir dönem olmuştur. Bu durum düşünürün sosyolojiye bakışını şekillendirdiği gibi, devlet hakkındaki düşüncelerini de etkilemiş ve şekillendirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Gökalp’in devlet kavramına bakışının, Türk devlet geleneği hakkındaki görüşlerinin ve yeni Türk devletinin nitelikleri ve istikbali hakkındaki öneri ve öngörülerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede öncelikle Gökalp’in genel olarak devlet kavramına ilişkin kabulleri ve görüşleri ortaya koyduğu kavram setleriyle birlikte incelenmiştir. Ardından Gökalp’in Türk devlet geleneği ve teşkilatının ortaya çıkışı ve gelişimine ilişkin görüşleri ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. Son olarak ise yeni kurulan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin, Gökalp’in görüşlerindeki maddi ve manevi unsurların ışığında incelenmesine çalışılmıştır. Sonuç itibariyle Gökalp tarafından devletin toplumsal, hukuki ve iktisadi süreçlerle şekillendiğinin düşünüldüğü, siyasal irade ile hayat bulan bir araç olarak tanımlandığı ve toplum hayatı üzerinde tek başına belirleyici olarak görülmediği kanaatine varılmıştır. Gökalp’in devlet düşüncesinde milli kültüre asli ve merkezi bir konum atfettiği ve bu meseleyi evrimsel bir bakışla ele aldığı neticesine ulaşılmıştır. Gökalp’e göre Türk devlet geleneği oldukça kadim bir örgütlenme tecrübesine dayanmaktadır. Bunun zemininde ise Türklerin milli kültürleri, dayanışma kabiliyetleri ve hukuk düzenine sahip olmaları yatmaktadır. Gökalp, Türk devletinin sahip olması gereken nitelikleri ise Türk kültürünün, İslam dininin ve Batı medeniyetinin uyumluluk arz ettiğini düşündüğü unsurlarının milli bir hassasiyet taşıyan senteziyle ortaya koymuştur.
ÖMER LÜTFİ BARKAN’DA DEVLET VE TÜRK DEVLET GELENEĞİ
Authors: Erkıpçak Akseki Ayşe Eylem
Published: April 2024

Devlet, siyasi, sosyal ve iktisadi yapıyla ilgili “tarihsel bir kategoridir”. Daha çok tarihçi yönüyle bilinen Barkan da iktisat tarihi, hukuk tarihi, toprak siyaseti çalışmalarında aslında Türk devlet geleneğine özgün bakışını ortaya koyar. Devleti düzenleyen ve denetleyen bir kurum olarak insanlık tarihinin seyrinde elzem bir noktaya oturtur. Barkan’ın düşüncelerinin şekillenmesinde gerek Keynesyen dönemin gerek yeni kurulan Türk devletinin şartları düşüncelerinin önemli rol oynamış, fikirleri nedeniyle akademik ve siyasi olarak oldukça ağır eleştirilere maruz kalmıştır. Türk tarihçiliğinin bugün sıkıştığı “belgeciliğin” yükü Barkan’ın üzerine bırakılmış, teorileri “kendine özgücülük” ve “biz bize benzerizcilik” söylemleriyle küçümsenmiştir. Türk devlet geleneği üzerine yapılan üç esaslı tartışmaya dâhil olan Barkan, Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinin tercümesi ve tasnifini sağlamasının yanında, bu belgelerin dayanağıyla önemli tezler ortaya sunmuştur. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun kuruluşu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun üretim tarzı ve İmparatorluk hukukunun şer’iliği meselelerindeki tezleri ve çok disiplinli çalışma tarzı devlet kuramı ve yönetim bilimi alanları için önemli birikim sağlamaktadır.
NİYAZİ BERKES’İN DÜŞÜNCESİNDE DEVLET VE TÜRK DEVLETİ
Authors: Kılıç Bekir
Published: April 2024

Cumhuriyetin ilk kuşak toplumbilimcileri arasında yer alan Niyazi Berkes, Türk düşünce hayatına ekonomik ve sosyal tarih, toplumsal yapı, çağdaşlaşma, din-devlet ilişkisi ve batı düşüncesi gibi konularda katkıda bulunmuştur. Berkes, eserlerinde devleti doğrudan bir inceleme nesnesi olarak ele almamıştır. Fakat toplumsal ve ekonomik yapıya ilişkin tarihsel çalışmaları ile din-devlet ilişkisine yönelik çalışmalarında Berkes’in devleti önemli bir olgu olarak incelediğini görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada Berkes’in genel devlet teorisi ve Türk devlet teorisi incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Berkes’in devlet teorisinde Batı devletleri için geçerli gördüğü devlet tanımı Doğu devletlerinde geçerlilik göstermemektedir. Genel devlet teorisini klasik Marksist tanımlar ile ele alan Berkes, Türk devlet teorisini kurarken Weberyan açıklamaları kullanmaktadır. Osmanlı devleti üzerinden kurduğu Türk devlet teorisi, Batı düşüncesinin ürünü olan despotik devlet nitelemesidir. Berkes için despotik devlet tam anlamıyla Osmanlı’da karşılık bulmuştur. Böylelikle Berkes’in devlet teorisini Batı merkezli bakış açısıyla kurduğu görülmektedir.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE MONKEYPOX DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Martins Marcelo Rodrigues , Trigueiro Gustavo Machado , Costa Carla Danielle Dias
Published: April 2024

O Monkeypox, identificado pela primeira vez na Europa em 2022, é uma zoonose de grande importância mundial. No Brasil, o primeiro caso foi registrado no Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter transversal, descritivo e ecológico, com ênfase na análise quantitativa. Utilizando-se de banco de dados secundários, observou-se que, no período analisado, uma prevalência de casos em Goiânia, principalmente em homens jovens, não tendo registros de óbitos. Os dados apontam para rápida disseminação do Monkeypox em Goiás, enfocando a necessidade de monitoramento contínuo e estratégias eficazes de prevenção e controle.
Thrombolysis in acute retinal ischemia treated with tenecteplase
Authors: Kalaga Sreevishnu Venkata Phanipawan , Krishnan Pramod , A Lakshmi Krupa , Riyaz Alfa , Vemula Ramya
Published: April 2024

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), a type of acute retinal arterial ischemia, analogous to an ocular stroke, is a medical emergency that warrants immediate diagnosis and treatment. CRAO usually presents with sudden, painless, monocular vision loss. Ipsilateral carotid artery disease is an important associated finding in these patients. The primary limitation to effective treatment of CRAO is that patients are rarely seen in the acute stage. Moreover, there are no guidelines for effective treatment. We report a patient with right CRAO whose treatment with intravenous thrombolysis with tenecteplase and anterior chamber paracentesis with ocular massage resulted in a good clinical outcome.
Impact of Student Engagement in Language Support Classes Through Cooperative Learning: A Study of Pakistani Educational Institutions
Authors: Sarwat Samina , Iftikhar Iqra , Sahito Jam Khan Muhammad , Shahzad Waheed
Published: April 2024

Cooperative learning represents a pedagogical approach where students of varying abilities collaborate in small groups to achieve common goals. It involves the implementation of diverse learning activities to deepen understanding of the subject matter. Within these groups, learners engage in discussions, exchange ideas and knowledge, seek additional information, and present their findings to the class. Notably, cooperative learning prioritizes student-centeredness over teacher-centeredness, placing greater emphasis on learning objectives rather than performance targets. This shift also diminishes the focus on competitive assessments, urging educators to embrace alternative evaluation methods. Pressel (1992) asserts that cooperative learning enhances learning outcomes and retention, bolsters confidence and intrinsic motivation, and cultivates a more positive attitude toward academic and social abilities.
Shariah Compliance and Ownership as Moderators of Board Characteristics and Firm Performance: A Moderated Moderation Model
Authors: Zaigham Hina , Tariq Yasir Bin
Published: April 2024

The purpose of research is to study how the board characteristics conditionally impact firm performance with primary moderator ownership concentration and secondary moderator shariah compliance in the Pakistani equity market from 2010 to 2021. The study entails board characteristics, including the size of the board, women's directorship, independent audit committees, and independent non-executive directors. It employs Tobin’s Q (TQ) as a measure for firm value and the moderated moderation model 3 of Hayes (2017) to determine the conditional effect. The results show significant negative conditional effect of board size and positive significant conditional effect of female representation on TQ, and insignificant conditional effects of independent audit committees and independent directors on TQ.
Detecting Pathogenic Agents in Mechanically-Ventilated, Critically-Ill COVID-19 Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Abdollahi Alireza , Salehi Mohammadreza , Ahmadi Ali , Khodavaisy Sadegh , Dehghan Manshadi Seyed Ali , Norouzi Mehdi , Afarinesh Khaki Pegah , Norouzi Shadehi Mahsa , Shadkam Maryam , Abdorahimi Mahsa , Keikhaei Reza , Shiralipour Ehsan , Bakhtiari Ronak
Published: April 2024

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global shock since its initial spread in 2019. Medically, patients with coronavirus disease, especially those with pneumonitis, face serious life-threatening risks and often require mechanical ventilation and intensive care. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a significant concern for critical care providers. Recent reports have highlighted the susceptibility of patients with confirmed COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation to nosocomial pneumonia (NP). Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (IKHC) in Tehran, Iran, within April 2020 to April 2021. The study focused on critically ill COVID-19 patients who required mechanical ventilation and met the criteria for VAP. Standard biochemical assays were used to identify pure colonies in patients’ sample cultures, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted to assess antimicrobial resistance profiles. The findings were analyzed statistically using SPSS software (version 23.0). Results: Out of 93 endotracheal aspirate samples, 64 samples tested positive for bacteria. Among the 64 eligible patients with positive cultures, 42 (65.6%) and 22 (34.4%) patients were male and female, respectively, with a mean age of 60.56 ± 13.58 years. A total of 52 patients (81.25%) had underlying conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, and kidney or heart diseases. According to the study results, the most common pathogens were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (23%). Additionally, 80% of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 90% of Acinetobacter baumannii were observed to be multi-drug resistant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant risks to critically ill patients, often necessitating mechanical ventilation and intensive care. Furthermore, VAP remains a serious challenge in this context, with high rates of XDR K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii. Effective infection control measures and surveillance are critical to mitigating the risk of NP in these vulnerable patients.
Milwaukee’s Swing Park: Guerrilla Urbanism at the Intersection of Public Space, Community, and Urban Planning
Authors: McCarthy Linda
Published: April 2024

Guerrilla urbanism involves citizen-led bottom-up unsanctioned temporary efforts. This kind of temporary urbanism may offer unique opportunities not possible through traditional planning approaches. This paper is a case study of the Swing Park in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. It began as an effort to temporarily enliven an area at one end of a pedestrian walkway – the Marsupial Bridge – suspended under a viaduct across the Milwaukee River. What started as an illegal temporary installation of swings made of used tires was embraced physically and emotionally as part of the everyday life of the pedestrian bridge by the local community who wanted the swings to stay. The guerrilla urbanism group found itself in conflict with the City’s Department of Public Works over concerns about safety and legal liability, aside from budgetary constraints on permanently upgrading and maintaining the swings. This paper conceptualizes the case study within a three-part framework of public space, community, and urban planning. It examines how the Swing Park has been seen to have both succeeded and failed, while problematizing it within the context of the interdisciplinary literature on temporary urbanism.
Modern methods of development and diagnostics of the level of socialisation of the younger generation
Authors: Самедов М.Н. , Шурыгин В.Ю.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: статья посвящена анализу проблемы повышения уровня социализации детей и учащейся молодежи в современном обществе. Обозначено, что одним из действенных путей организации работы в данном направлении может стать более активное создание специализированных научных лабораторий, учебных центров и инновационных парков с ярко выраженной естественно – научной, технической и компьютерной направленностью. Рассмотрены и систематизированы также традиционные и инновационные методы диагностики уровня социализации подрастающего поколения.

Abstract: the article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of increasing the level of socialization of children and students in modern society. It is stated that one of the effective ways of organizing work in this direction can be a more active creation of specialized scientific laboratories, training centers and innovation parks with a pronounced natural-scientific, technical and computer orientation. Traditional and innovative methods of diagnosing the level of socialization of the younger generation are also considered and systematized.
Assessment of physical development of children with weak health
Authors: Ярлыкова О.В.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: в статье рассматривается особенность физического и психического развития младших школьников; эффективность физических упражнений для коррекции моторики и недостатков физического развития младших школьников с ослабленным здоровьем. За последние годы резко ухудшилось состояние здоровья обучающихся первых семи лет жизни. На здоровье обучающихся оказывает влияние целый ряд факторов: наследственность, воздействие окружающей среды (экологические и природно-климатические факторы), влияние факторов организации медицинского обслуживания, социально-экономические факторы и образ жизни. Правильный подбор и применение средств физического воспитания и диагностики помогут вырастить здоровое подрастающее поколение. Правильно организованные занятия физической культурой с детьми с ослабленным здоровьем будут способствовать укреплению здоровья. Получение детьми с ослабленным здоровьем образования является одним из основных и неотъемлемых условий их успешной социализации, обеспечения их полноценного участия в жизни общества, эффективной самореализации в различных видах профессиональной и социальной деятельности. В связи с этим обеспечение реализации права детей на образование рассматривается как одна из важнейших задач государственной политики не только в области образования, но и в области демографического и социально-экономического развития Российской Федерации.

Abstract: the article examines the peculiarities of the physical and mental development of younger schoolchildren; the effectiveness of physical exercises for correcting motor skills and physical development deficiencies in younger schoolchildren with poor health. In recent years, the health status of students in the first seven years of life has sharply deteriorated. The health of students is influenced by a number of factors: heredity, environmental influences (ecological and climatic factors), the influence of factors in the organization of medical care, socio-economic factors and lifestyle. The correct selection and use of physical education and diagnostic tools will help raise a healthy younger generation. Properly organized physical education classes for children with poor health will help improve health. Receiving education for children with poor health is one of the main and integral conditions for their successful socialization, ensuring their full participation in the life of society, and effective self-realization in various types of professional and social activities. In this regard, ensuring the realization of children's right to education is considered one of the most important tasks of state policy not only in the field of education, but also in the field of demographic and socio-economic development of the Russian Federation.
The image of a modern teacher (based on the results of a sociological survey)
Authors: Файзуллина Г.Ч. , Гусева П.С.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: в научной статье проведен анализ результатов социологического опроса, посвященного исследованию образа современного педагога. Автор рассматривает основные составляющие образа педагога: внутренний мир, внешний образ и процессуальные качества, а также их компоненты. Целью исследования является изучение образа современного учителя в профессорско-педагогической и студенческой среде. Методами научного исследования выступают социологический опрос, метод статических подсчётов, описание, анализ и синтез. Социологический опрос представляет собой тридцать вопросов, которые можно разделить на несколько блоков: первый – теоретический; второй направлен на определение умения правильно носить и сочетать между собой аксессуары, использовать соответствующие тона и оттенки макияжа и маникюра; третий – на выявление предпочтений, реакции и ассоциации в цветовой палитре одежды. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что у студентов, учителей и педагогов среднего профессионального и высшего образования сложилось уникальное для каждой группы видение. В статье подводятся итоги реконструкции идеального образа педагога. Исследование носит практический характер и может быть рекомендован будущим и действующим педагогам для формирования и развития своего педагогического имиджа.

Abstract: the scientific article analyzes the results of a sociological survey devoted to the study of the image of a modern teacher. The author examines the main components of the teacher's image: the inner world, the external image and procedural qualities, as well as their components. The purpose of the study is to study the image of a modern teacher in the teaching and student environment. The methods of scientific research are a sociological survey, the method of static calculations, description, analysis and synthesis. The sociological survey consists of thirty questions that can be divided into several blocks: the first is theoretical; the second is aimed at determining the ability to properly wear and combine accessories, use appropriate tones and shades of makeup and manicure; the third is to identify preferences, reactions and associations in the color palette of clothing. The authors conclude that students, teachers and educators of secondary vocational and higher education have a unique vision for each group. The article summarizes the results of the reconstruction of the ideal image of a teacher. The research is of a practical nature and can be recommended to future and current teachers for the formation and development of their pedagogical image.
Physical training as a component of the effectiveness of specialist training (using the example of a civil engineer)
Authors: Морев Д.Г. , Ткаченко А.И. , Белоглазов М.В. , Щербакова Е.Е.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: представленный материал посвящен анализу необходимости физической культуры в подготовке к предстоящей трудовой деятельности специалистов строительного профиля. Необходимость повышения эффективности подготовки к предстоящей трудовой деятельности было и является актуальным, так как только от подготовленного в полном объеме и обладающего хорошим здоровьем специалиста зависит эффективность трудовой деятельности и соответственно экономический рост государства. Проблема подготовки современной молодежи к предстоящей трудовой деятельности, в том числе и с недостаточным уровнем подготовленности решается в стенах учебного заведения в процессе освоения учебной дисциплины «Физическая культура» и профессионально-прикладной подготовки. В процессе исследования решилась следующие задачи: - оценка состояния физической подготовленности студенческой молодежи; - особенности трудовой деятельности инженера строительного профиля; - требования к физической подготовленности на современном производстве; - определение направлений повышения эффективности подготовки специалиста строительного профиля. Полученные в ходе исследования результаты могут быть использованы при организации профессионально-прикладной подготовки студентов к предстоящей трудовой деятельности в учебных заведениях.

Abstract: the presented material is devoted to the analysis of the need for physical education in preparation for the upcoming work of construction specialists. The need to improve the effectiveness of preparation for the upcoming work was and is relevant, since only a fully trained and well-healthy specialist determines the effectiveness of labor activity and, accordingly, the economic growth of the state. The problem of preparing modern youth for the upcoming work activity, including those with an insufficient level of preparedness, is solved within the walls of an educational institution in the process of mastering the discipline "Physical Education" and professionally applied training. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: - assessment of the state of physical fitness of students; - features of the work of a construction engineer; - requirements for physical fitness in modern production; - determination of directions for improving the effectiveness of training a specialist in the construction profile. The results obtained in the course of the study can be used in the organization of professional and applied training of students for the upcoming work in educational institutions.
On the question of the use of pinyin in the formation of lexical skills at the initial stage of teaching the Chinese language
Authors: Чарчоглян Т.Г.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: в настоящей статье рассматривается проблема освоения лексики китайского языка в условиях наличия особого вида письменности – иероглифики, представляющей собой зрительное выражение смысла слова; обосновывается использование в процессе обучения китайскому языку фонетического алфавита китайского языка – пиньиня как вспомогательной письменной системы. Целью работы сталоисследование уровня сформированности лексических навыков у студентов первого курса лингвистического факультета педагогического вуза на предмет его корреляции с параллельным использованием фонетического алфавита китайского языка – пиньинем. В качестве методов исследования были выбраны как теоретические (изучение и анализ научно-методических работ российских и зарубежных авторов, сравнение, обобщение и синтез актуальных для данной работы результатов научных исследований), так и эмпирически (тестирование и опрос обучающихся с последующей декомпозицией и статистической обработкой результатов) методы. Результаты исследования подтвердили выдвинутую гипотезу о негативном влиянии сопровождения фонографическим вариантом письменности приводимых в иероглифической записи текстов УМК на формирование начальных лексических навыков студентов в части оперирования основным (иероглифическим) вариантом на продуктивном и рецептивном уровнях. Автором предлагается в обучении китайскому языку даже на начальном этапе ограничить традиционное дублирование текстов пиньинем, для чего при необходимости внести изменения в материалы УМК.

Abstract: this article researches the problem of mastering the vocabulary of the Chinese language in the presence of a special type of writing – Chinese characters, which is a visual expression of the meaning of a word; the use of the Chinese phonetic alphabet, Pinyin, as an auxiliary writing system in the process of teaching Chinese is substantiated. The purpose of the work is to study the level of development of lexical skills among first-year students of the linguistic faculty of a pedagogical university for its correlation with the parallel use of the phonetic alphabet of the Chinese language – pinyin. The research methods chosen are both theoretical (study and analysis of scientific and methodological works of Russian and foreign authors, comparison, generalization and synthesis of scientific research results relevant to this work) and empirical (testing and survey of students with subsequent decomposition and statistical processing of the results) methods. The results of the study confirm the hypothesis put forward about the negative impact of accompanying the phonographic version of writing of teaching texts given in hieroglyphic notation on the formation of students’ initial lexical skills in terms of operating with the main (characters) version at the productive and receptive levels. The author proposes to limit the traditional duplication of texts in pinyin in teaching the Chinese language, even at the initial stage, for which, if necessary, make changes to the teaching materials.
A communication-oriented approach to teaching practical English grammar at a university using online resources and technologies
Authors: Агамурадова Р.Ш. , Гаджиева Н.А. , Гусейнова Д.Ш.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: статья представляет результаты анализа эффективности использования цифровых технологий онлайн обучения в рамках коммуникативно-ориентированного обучения практической грамматике английского языка в вузе. Проблема внедрения цифровых технологий в процесс преподавания иностранных языков представляется особенно актуальной в последние годы. Цель исследования - разработать и внедрить цифровые технологии онлайн обучения для изучения английской грамматики для эффективного межкультурного общения в различных коммуникативных ситуациях. Внедрение в образовательный процесс высокотехнологичных технологий в комплексе с системой интерактивных тренировочных и контрольных упражнений в рамках коммуникативного подхода подтвердило свою эффективность. Положительными результатами использования цифровых технологий при обучении практической грамматике является совершенствование грамматических и коммуникативных навыков, развитие способности к самообучению и активному применению полученных знаний, умений и навыков.

Abstract: the article presents the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of using digital online learning technologies within the framework of communicative-oriented teaching of practical English grammar at a university. The problem of introducing digital technologies into the process of teaching foreign languages seems to be especially relevant in recent years. The purpose of the study is to develop and implement online digital learning technologies for learning English grammar for effective intercultural communication in various communicative situations. The introduction of high-tech technologies into the educational process in combination with a system of interactive training and control exercises within the framework of a communicative approach has confirmed its effectiveness. The positive results of using digital technologies in teaching practical grammar are the improvement of grammatical and communication skills, the development of the ability to self-learn and actively use acquired knowledge, skills and abilities.
Physical education as a necessary factor of physical fitness and health promotion
Authors: Гончарук Я.А. , Ильин А.В. , Чуканова Е.К. , Черкасова Е.В.
Published: April 2024

Аннотация: представленный материал посвящен учебной дисциплине «Физическая культура» как фактору улучшения состояния физической подготовленности и здоровья. Данный факт возможен только с ответственным отношением занимающихся к своему здоровью, физической подготовленности и повышением эффективности обозначенной учебной дисциплины. Соответственно подъём ее эффективности является актуальным, так как современная молодежь отличается низким уровнем физической подготовленности, увеличивающимся уровнем заболеваемости. Рассматриваются вопросы направлений в повышении эффективности учебной дисциплины «Физическая культура», а также определены факторы, снижающие ее эффективность. Проблема низкой эффективности учебной дисциплины «Физическая культура» является ведущим фактором низкой физической подготовленности современной молодежи. Цель исследования. Целью исследования являлось определение направлений в повышении эффективности учебной дисциплины «Физическая культура». Задачи исследования. В процессе исследования решались следующие задачи: - анализ уровня физической подготовленности студентов вузов; - определение направления повышения эффективности учебной дисциплины «Физическая культура» в вузах; Полученные в ходе исследования результаты могут быть использованы при организации учебной дисциплины «Физическая культура» и «Элективные курсы по физической культуре» в учебных заведениях.

Abstract: the presented material is devoted to the academic discipline "Physical education" as a factor in improving the state of physical fitness and health promotion. Improving the effectiveness of the discipline "Physical education" is relevant, since modern youth is characterized by a low level of physical fitness, increasing the incidence rate. The issues of directions in improving the effectiveness of the discipline "Physical education" are considered, as well as the factors that reduce its effectiveness are identified. The problem of low efficiency of the discipline "Physical education" is a leading factor in the low physical fitness of modern youth. Various authors point out that in order to increase the effectiveness of academic discipline, including elective physical education and sports classes, they should be directly related to motivation and a responsible attitude to one's health. The purpose of the study. The purpose of the study was to identify areas for improving the effectiveness of the discipline "Physical education". Research objectives. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: - analysis of the level of physical fitness of university students; - determining the direction of improving the effectiveness of the discipline "Physical culture" in universities; The results obtained in the course of the study can be used in the organization of the academic discipline "Physical education" and "Elective courses in physical education" in educational institutions.