bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and performance evaluation of a superplasticizer prepared from coal-based humic acid
Authors: Wang Zhicai , Zhou Cong , Pan Chunxiu , Yan Jingchong , Li Zhanku , Lei Zhiping , Ren Shibiao , Wang Xiaoling , Shui Hengfu
Published: January 2025

Superplasticizer (SP) are indispensable in modern concrete technology. This study presents a novel, cost-effective method for synthesizing a high-performance SP using coal-based humic acid (CHA) derived from lignite. Through oxidative depolymerization of lignite to prepare CHA, followed by sulfomethylation and condensation reactions, we have successfully developed a CHA-derived SP (SP(CHA)). Structural characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of CHA and its transformation into SP(CHA). Notably, CHA demonstrated superior sulfomethylation reactivity compared to commercially available solidum humate(NaA). Performance evaluations showed that the synthesized SP(CHA) outperformed both FDN (a commercial SP) and SP(NaA) in terms of water reduction efficiency, slump retention, and enhanced long-term compressive strength. Specifically, SP(CHA) achieved a water-reducing rate of 16.4% and a 28 days compressive strength improvement of 23.2%, exceeding the benchmarks for high-efficiency water reducers. By harnessing the abundant and low-cost lignite resource, the approach holds substantial promise for advancing sustainable construction practices.
The development of RL loading for bridges on the London underground network
Authors: Lane John , Bessant Euring Graham
Published: January 2025

The loading due to railway traffic on bridges, has developed over time to suit the evolution of the rolling stock operating on a network and the understanding of dynamic effects. For the ‘London Underground (LU)’ network, the development of loading has been achieved through research work undertaken by the London Transport Executive (LTE) in the 1960s and 1970s. The resulting load models were designated as RL loading which were included in the former British Standard BS 5400-2:2006 and its’s predecessor BS 5400-2:1978. These standards also included load models for bridges on the GB mainline railway. The current loading standard for mainline rail traffic is the Eurocode for ‘Traffic loads on bridges’ (BS EN 1991-2:2003). However, the load models in the Eurocode are only representative of the rail traffic operating on the GB mainline railway and are not appropriate for rail traffic operating on the LU network where mainline traffic is not permitted to run. The inclusion of RL loading in the Eurocode was addressed through amendment of the complementary UK National Annex (NA) (BS EN 1991-2:2003 – UK NA:2020). Background to the development of standards for railway bridge loading in general, but specifically for the RL load model, are further explained.
Brexit and beyond: addressing skills shortage in the UK construction industry
Authors: Merryweather Powell Jayden , Shibeika Amna
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the causes of and responses to skill shortages in the UK construction industry, focusing on the impact of Brexit. This study employs a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with industry professionals, including quantity surveyors and commercial directors. The data were analysed thematically to identify key themes and insights. The study finds that skill shortages in the UK construction industry are exacerbated by both Brexit and long-standing issues such as negative industry perceptions, an aging workforce, technological shifts, and educational barriers. These shortages have far-reaching impacts on project timelines, costs, tendering processes, and shareholder returns. Current strategies, including government initiatives and educational reforms, have had limited success in addressing these issues. This study suggests several strategies to mitigate skill shortages, including enhancing apprenticeship programmes, improving the industry’s public perception, and adjusting immigration policies post-Brexit. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the multi-faceted nature of skill shortages in the UK construction industry, particularly in the post-Brexit context. This study offers practical recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders to develop a more resilient and sustainable workforce.
La Policía administrativa como limitadora de derechos en Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Cepeda Mesa José del Cristo
Published: January 2025

El poder de policía funge como principal herramienta legal y material del que disponen las autoridades administrativas en Colombia cuya finalidad pretenden lograr la convivencia de las personas. Esto se hace real a partir del ejercicio efectivo de las tareas derivadas de las potestades y actividades de policía. Para que esa potestad de policía resulte efectiva y se reconozca legal y socialmente, ha de ser normativizado por el Legislador, cuyas características distingan su carácter de general, abstracto e impersonal. Al hacerse reales la facultad y la acción policial por parte de las autoridades administrativas, se percibe su carácter particular.
Identifying the Research Trend of Sport Biomechanics over the Last 20 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Scopus Journal Database
Authors: Al Ardha Muchamad Arif , Nurhasan  , Kartiko Dwi Cahyo , Yang Chung Bing , Bikalawan Sauqi Sawa , Rizki Ainun Zulfikar , Herista Sevesti Violin Wilujeng
Published: January 2025

Background. Sports biomechanics is an important part of coaching and athlete conditioning. The training process can be maximised through the implementation of sports biomechanics. Research related to sports biomechanics has grown significantly in recent years.
Objectives. This systematic review study aimed to analyse the development trend of sports biomechanics research over the last 20 years.
Materials and Methods. This study used a bibliometric approach and a systematic review of the SCOPUS journal database to analyse research trends in the field of sports biomechanics.
Results. Over a period of twenty years, there were 259 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis results showed a significant increase in the number of published studies over time, with a total of 2215 citations and an average of 1237 citations. The research tends to focus on biomechanical principles in the context of sports, with the keyword “Biomechanics” being the most dominant. The terms “Sport Biomechanics”, “Human”, and “Sports” were also identified as frequently occurring keywords in the research. In addition, these studies cover various aspects related to human body movement, including movement analysis, health aspects, and technology applications in sports.
Conclusions. This study provides insight into the major developments and focal aspects in sports biomechanics over the past two decades, as well as highlighting the diversity of research subjects within this field.
Head-fixed Forelimb Reaching Task in Mice v1
Authors: H. Roth Richard , Sun Yue , Hwang Fuu-Jiun , B. Ding Jun
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes a head-fixed forelimb reaching task used to study motor learning and memory in mice suitable for recording neuronal activity concurrently.
“Things Fall Apart?” Prospects of Solidarity in a Precarious World
Authors: Mabefam Matthew , Mbeva Kennedy , Wumbla Issah
Published: January 2025

In this article, we examine the potential of solidarity to address global challenges in an increasingly precarious world. Solidarity involves individuals or groups supporting causes—whether ideas, people, or contexts—to combat marginalisation and injustice, even as such efforts frequently encounter resistance. This prompts the critical questions: What motivates solidarity, how is it expressed, and how effective is it in resolving the issues it seeks to address? Drawing on illustrative examples from a variety of social movements worldwide, we analyse the diverse forms of solidarity and the tensions that arise when dissent and resistance intersect with collective action. Despite these challenges, we argue that solidarity remains a viable framework for addressing some of today’s most pressing and complex issues. By exploring both the opportunities and obstacles it presents, we highlight solidarity’s enduring relevance and transformative potential in fostering meaningful change.
Commoning Cosmopolitanism: Solidarity Beyond Capital, Borders, and Sameness
Authors: Agustín Óscar García , Jørgensen Martin Bak
Published: January 2025

Approaches to situated and located cosmopolitanism offer the opportunity to think of the formation of a universal community, which demands equality and social justice and is rooted in urban and local practices. This article delves into this perspective by connecting the literature on cosmopolitanism, the commons, and solidarity. Based on a sociospatial conception of solidarity, the notion of “commoning cosmopolitanism” is developed as a framework to understand how solidarity forges relationships where both commonalities and diversity can coexist. Three aspects are important to consider: (a) class struggle, as a response to exclusion and domination and the need to think relations beyond the logic of capital; (b) space, since the relationships are constituted spatially, connecting local and global scales and questioning the logic of borders; and (c) community, opposed to closed identities and “sameness,” and aiming to include previously excluded groups and establish a common ground whilst preserving multiplicity. Several examples are used to show how commoning cosmopolitanism allows us to consider the universal dimension of urban solidarity and the inclusion of migrants as part of the political community (the cosmopolitan “we”).
Evaluation of the effectiveness of cytotherapy in women with early pregnancy loss
Authors: Shengeliia Margarita O. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Zhernakova Tatiana S. , Kornyushina Ekaterina A. , Pachuliia Olga V. , Semenov Vyacheslav A.
Published: January 2025

Background: Cytotherapy, or alloimmunization, with partner lymphocytes is a method of active immunocorrection through artificial immunization with allogeneic paternal or donor leukocytes or their fragments before and in the early stages of pregnancy, as an effective method for correcting immunoregulation, which will increase the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies protocols and the number of successful pregnancies ending in live birth in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory effectiveness of cytotherapy in married couples with a history of reproductive disorders.
Materials and methods: The study included 77 married couples with recurrent miscarriage, primary infertility, and repeated implantation failure during in vitro fertilization. Inclusion criteria were age 20–44 years, 2 implantation failures during in vitro fertilization and more and/or 2 spontaneous abortions before 20 weeks of gestation and more, normal karyotypes of the abortus and partners, HLA (human leukocyte antigen, major histocompatibility complex) class II gene typing at three loci (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1) in the married couple. All women received cytotherapy as monotherapy before a planned pregnancy. To study the immune status, the patients’ blood was examined and the natural killer (NK) cell (CD3−CD16+CD56+) and natural T-killer (NKT) cell (CD3+CD16+CD56+) counts, as well as NK cell activity, were determined by spontaneous or activated expression of CD107a.
Results: Of the 77 women included in the study, 32 individuals did not have 12 months to register their pregnancy, therefore, of the remaining 48 married couples, 32 (66.7%) ones had pregnancy registered within 12 months after immunization. Among patients with recurrent miscarriage, pregnancy occurred in 87.0% of cases, in which in 45.2% of cases it ended in the birth of a healthy full-term newborn, and in 29% of cases, pregnancy is currently developing. Among patients with primary infertility and repeated implantation failure during in vitro fertilization, pregnancy occurred in 35.3% of cases. When comparing the functional activities of NK cells in peripheral blood before and two weeks after the second cytotherapy, we found a decrease in the total NK cell count by 5.1% (p = 0.015).
Conclusions: Cytotherapy is an effective therapy in patients with recurrent early miscarriage and leads to pregnancy in 87% of cases and its prolongation after 13 weeks in 74% of cases. The effect of the procedure is justified by its immunoregulatory functions, which is manifested by a decrease in the total NK cell count.
Reproductive outcomes after different treatment and secondary prevention options for Asherman syndrome
Authors: Bakhtiyarov Kamil R. , Ignatko Irina V. , Zueva Alina S. , Kapyrina Tatyana D.
Published: January 2025

Asherman syndrome is characterized by the appearance of clinical symptoms of pain syndrome, as well as menstrual and reproductive dysfunction, which develop as a result of obliteration of the uterine cavity and/or cervical canal by connective tissue synechiae. It is believed that the leading cause of Asherman syndrome is mechanical damage to the basal layer of the endometrium due to intrauterine interventions performed during pregnancy, the postpartum period, or in the detection of uterine cavity pathologies. They lead to impaired cervico-uterine-tubal sperm transport, fibrotic changes in the endometrium, and resistance to hormonal stimulation.
The primary surgical treatment for Asherman syndrome is hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. It is known that this type of surgical intervention is associated with high risks of synechiae reformation, complicated course of gestation and unsatisfactory reproductive outcomes. For this reason, in the postoperative period, it is advisable to carry out preventive measures aimed at restoring female reproductive function. Most of the currently available methods of secondary prevention have no effect on the pregnancy rate and live birth rate. Low efficacy of the complex therapy creates a need to search for new alternative approaches to the treatment of Asherman syndrome and to develop tactics for postoperative management of patients. Cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells is of particular interest.
This literature review examines the relationship between various treatment and secondary prevention options for Asherman syndrome and their impact on improving reproductive outcomes.
Exploring Continuous Seismic Data at an Industry Facility Using Unsupervised Machine Learning
Authors: Chai Chengping , Marcillo Omar , Maceira Monica , Park Junghyun , Arrowsmith Stephen , Thomas James O. , Cunningham Joshua
Published: January 2025

Seismic data recorded at industrial sites contain valuable information on anthropogenic activities. With advances in machine learning and computing power, new opportunities have emerged to explore the seismic wavefield in these complex environments. We applied two unsupervised machine learning algorithms to analyze continuous seismic data collected from an industrial facility in Texas, United States. The Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction algorithm was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and generate 2D embeddings. Then, the Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise method was employed to automatically group these embeddings into distinct signal clusters. Our analysis of over 1400 hr (around 59 days) of continuous seismic data revealed five and seven signal clusters at two separate stations. At both stations, we identified clusters associated with background noise and vehicle traffic, with the latter’s temporal patterns aligning closely with the facility’s work schedule. Furthermore, the algorithms detected signal clusters from unknown sources and underline the ability of unsupervised machine learning for uncovering previously unrecognized patterns. Our analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of unsupervised approaches in examining continuous seismic data without requiring prior knowledge or pre-existing labels.
Impact of adenomyosis on fertility and obstetric outcomes among women in tertiary care center
Authors: Hoque Luna Farhana , Begum Fatema , Apsara Suraiya , Zinan Aklima Zakaria
Published: January 2025

Background: Adenomyosis is a serious reproductive difficulty caused by aberrant endometrial tissue within the myometrium. It can induce infertility and predispose women to hypertensive problems, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. However, the influence of adenomyosis on fertility and obstetric outcomes has not been extensively explored, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adenomyosis on fertility and obstetric outcomes in women who visited a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods: A case control study was conducted in Shahabuddin Medical College Hospital and one IVF center from June 2023 to May 2024. The study included 100 women divided into two groups: A case group of 50 with adenomyosis and 50 in the control group without. Two groups were compared in terms of baseline characteristics, fertility outcomes, obstetric complications, and delivery outcomes. SPSS software statistical analysis was performed.
Results: Obstetric complications such as hypertensive disorders (32% versus 6%, p=0.001), preeclampsia (16% versus 2%, p=0.01) and preterm delivery (26% versus 8%, p=0.01) were more frequent in the adenomyosis group. The adenomyosis group also had a higher caesarean delivery rate (62% versus 34%), p<0.05. Outcomes in fertility, namely implantation rates and live birth rates were not different (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Early diagnosis and careful management of adenomyosis are important because adenomyosis is associated with increased obstetric complications and higher caesarean delivery.
Caesarean myomectomy in case of anterior wall lower uterine segment myoma: a case report
Authors: Gawande Vasundhara , Kose Varsha
Published: January 2025

Uterine fibroids are common benign tumor among women of the reproductive age group. Pregnancy with uterine myomas is considered high risk due to inherent fetal and maternal complications. Caesarean myomectomy is a safe and economical treatment, particularly when executed by a proficient surgeon in carefully chosen circumstances. We report the case of a 37-year-old G2P1L1 woman at 38+3 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound revealed a singleton live intrauterine pregnancy with an intramural fibroid measuring 5.4×4.7 cm located in the anterior wall, along the lower uterine segment, near the internal os. The patient underwent an elective cesarean section with concurrent myomectomy. A healthy baby was delivered, and the myomectomy was successfully performed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day nine without any complications. The case adds to growing evidence that performing myomectomy during cesarean section, particularly when the surgeon is experienced, is safe and economical for the patient.
Controlador preditivo não linear aplicado ao controle de posição de motores de indução trifásico
Authors: Rosa Fabiano Camargo , Ferreira Gustavo Lima , Asato Osvaldo Luis
Published: January 2025

Motores de indução trifásicos (MIT) são amplamente utilizados em aplicações industriais devido à sua robustez, baixo custo e construção simples. No entanto, estão sujeitos a perturbações externas e variações paramétricas, que podem comprometer seu desempenho em sistemas críticos. Este estudo propõe uma estratégia de controle que vai além do controle de velocidade convencional ao abordar o controle simultâneo do fluxo magnético e da posição angular do eixo do rotor de um motor de indução trifásico. A metodologia emprega a técnica de Controle Preditivo com Conjunto de Controle Contínuo (CCS-NMPC), que se diferencia de outras abordagens preditivas baseadas em conjuntos discretos devido à sua capacidade de lidar com sistemas não lineares de forma mais robusta e impor restrições precisas sobre variáveis de estado e controle. A abordagem proposta foi validada por meio de simulações computacionais, considerando cenários operacionais normais e a influência de perturbações externas, como variações bruscas de torque e condições de carga oscilantes. Os resultados demonstram a eficácia do controlador em atender aos requisitos de desempenho e robustez, mostrando alta precisão de controle com erro de estado estacionário próximo de zero e boa estabilidade. O controlador desenvolvido se aplica a sistemas industriais existentes, como braços robóticos, transportadores e máquinas CNC, exigindo apenas pequenos ajustes no software de controle, ressaltando seu potencial para aplicações industriais avançadas.
Is Russia going to be different after crisis?
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tyurin V. I.
Published: January 2025

This article focuses on the condition of Russian economy before crisis and the point of elite policy. Anti-crisis measures are discussed and also are defined on opportunity to get over of rough dependence.
Gender and Islam through Leila Ahmed’s Lens: Methodology, Social Realities, and Personal Insights
Authors: Hafizah Yulia
Published: January 2025

The study on women and gender in Islam has become an intriguing subject for many scholars over the past few decades. One of these is Leila Ahmed's work entitled "Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots in Modern Debate." This work has made a significant contribution in deconstructing stereotypes and expanding understanding of how religion and culture shape views of women in Muslim societies. This article aims to analyze Leila Ahmed's thoughts on the methodological aspects and approaches she employs. The research utilizes a qualitative literature review method with documentary analysis techniques. The research findings indicate that Leila Ahmed's life experiences, crossing social and cultural boundaries, have had a profound influence on the development of her scholarly identity. She has encountered a personally "lived" Islam, acquired and taught by her mother, as well as a ritualistic and at times oppressive Islam imposed by the state. She has experienced educational opportunities afforded to her by Western influences in Egypt, yet suffered racism and stereotypes from teachers and peers in England. These diverse experiences have imbued meaning into her work and compelled her to provide balanced and sensitive analyses in her book. There, Leila Ahmed does not highlight what is right or wrong but instead portrays a complex situation by presenting multiple possible responses to each question.
Keywords: Cultural and Social Contexts; Islam and Gender; Leila Ahmed; Methodology in Islamic Studies; Women and Gender in Islam
SISTEMAS ALIMENTARES, SUPERMERCADOS E AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: uma investigação bibliográfica nas ciências econômicas e sociais
Authors: Morais João Rafael Gomes de , Miranda Roberto de Sousa
Published: January 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar o surgimento, na literatura das ciências econômicas e sociais, do debate relacionado aos sistemas alimentares, supermercados e agricultura familiar. Os resultados da investigação bibliográfica indicam duas principais convergências entre as pesquisas econômicas e sociológicas. Primeiramente, há uma compreensão compartilhada de que a concepção de sistemas alimentares está diretamente relacionada ao conjunto de agentes, recursos, fluxos, insumos, políticas, símbolos e padrões culturais resultantes dos processos de produção, agroindustrialização, distribuição e consumo alimentar. Em segundo lugar, no que diz respeito à relação entre supermercados e agricultura familiar, observa uma compreensão de que as políticas de compras das grandes redes supermercadistas tendem a prejudicar a inserção e a permanência dos produtos de origem familiar.
Impact of tourist and recreational activities on the indicators of soil-ecological monitoring of the adjacent territory of Lake Teletskoe (Altai Mountains)
Authors: Elchininova Olga A.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The increasing recreational load on the ecosystems of the Lake Teletskoe basin, its related obvious damage and the necessity to quantify the ongoing transformations. Aim. To assess the current state of a soil cover of the adjacent territory of Lake Teletskoe in terms of tourism and recreation impact. Methods. Comparative geographical and chemical as well as soil-ecological monitoring of studied indicators of early, short- and long-term diagnostics. Results and conclusions. Because of the tourist activities in the coastal zone of the mountain-forest belt of Lake Teletskoe, a developed path network transforming its natural ecosystems appeared. Some parameters of soil properties and composition on this path and in the sites not affected by recreation differed significantly. The analysis of water extract showed the decrease in acidity, the reduced content of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, phosphates, a change in the concentration of calcium cations, potassium and magnesium in the top soil layer on the path, as compared to the undisturbed places. Soil trampling by recreants has damaged litter, decreased its thickness or completely destructed the promenade area. Reduction in litter reserves on the moderately developed paths exceeded by more than 2.7–4.0 times, whereas on the well-defined ones (as in the Altai State Biosphere Reserve with the established systemized movement across the territory), litter was absent at all on a few or even single paths. On weakly developed (fresh) paths, litter reserves turned out to be even higher than on the undisturbed areas or on the paths located next to a gravel site. Recreational loads were responsible for the 1.2–1.7 times increase in soil density of the upper (0–5 cm) layer, accompanied by a decrease in soil porosity and air supply. The hardness of soil was 1.3–1.5 times higher on the path than around it. The tourist effect on general physical properties of soil was traced to a depth of 20–30 cm, but maximum changes were noted in its upper (0–5 cm) layer. Recreational loads did not impact essentially on the aggregate soil composition. No significant changes, caused by tourist and recreational activities, were found in the elemental chemical composition of soils. The content of nutrients and lead were within the background and did not exceed the standardized values. The detected high concentrations of arsenic were not associated with the influence of tourist and recreational activities.
Bibliometric Analysis of Studies in The Field of Economics of Education in The Web of Science Database
Authors: YİĞİTTEKİN Murat , CİNGÖZ Orhan , KÖYBAŞİ ŞEMİN Fatma
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to present a critical analysis of the bibliometric analysis of research in the field of economics of education in the Web of Science database between 1970 and 2024, employing the scientific mapping method. To this end, a total of 1,717 studies pertaining to the field of economics of education were retrieved from the Web of Science database. The data were analyzed using the Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software. The distribution of research on the economics of education was examined in terms of the number of articles, the average annual number of citations, the journals, institutions, and prominent authors publishing the most on the subject, the countries and collaboration status of the researchers, the word cloud and the most used keywords, and the current status of this research. Both performance analysis and scientific mapping analysis were employed to examine the data. The results demonstrate that the number of studies in the field of economics of education has increased since 2001. The majority of studies on this subject were conducted in the USA and by authors affiliated with the California State University system. The most prolific researcher in this field was D. Goldhaber, with the highest number of publications being in the journal Economics of Education Review. The author with the highest number of citations is P. Engzell, while the author with the highest number of co-citations and co-references is E. A. Hanushek. Moreover, the most frequently cited journal in this field was the American Economic Review, while the most prevalent keyword was "educational economics." It is anticipated that the research conducted in light of the findings will illuminate the direction of future studies in the field of educational economics and serve as a guiding force.
The Contribution of Muslim Scholars and Islamic Social Organizations in Developing Ḥadith Studies in Indonesia
Authors: Masruhan Masruhan , Hasyim Muh. Fathoni
Published: January 2025

Hadith studies in Indonesia have lagged despite hadith being the second source of Islam. The question is how Muslim scholars and Islamic social organizations have contributed to developing hadith studies in Indonesia. To answer this, library research with an analytical approach was conducted to discover a description of their contributions. Data was gathered through a literature study, analyzing references written by Muslim scholars in Indonesia using inductive and content analysis. The result shows that the lag in hadith studies is due to the lack of attention from Muslim scholars and the limited resources of hadith. However, Hadith studies began to be experienced in the second half of the 19th Century, growing to the early 20th Century. This was, among others, driven by the purification of Islamic teachings and the critique of Orientalists who undermined hadith. In this context, Muslim scholars and Islamic social organizations in Indonesia have significantly contributed to the development of hadith studies, mainly through providing literature on hadith and its sciences. However, their approaches differ. Muslim scholars interpret hadith textually and contextually, while Islamic social organizations, except NU, primarily use a textual approach. NU, in contrast, applies both approaches in its deliberations.
The Controversy of Wujūdīyah Sufism: Muḥammad Zain ibn Faqīh Jalāl al-Dīn's Response to the Doctrine of the Seven Stages in the 18th Century
Authors: Masudi Idris , Saepudin Didin
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the teaching of the seven stages (martabat tujuh) in the 18th century, which had previously developed and became controversial in the Nusantara region since the 17th century. The seven stages are a central topic in philosophical Sufi teachings. The article's primary focus is the response of Muḥammad Zain ibn Faqīh Jalāluddīn al-Āsyī (d. 1783 CE), as articulated in his translation and commentary on the book Umm al-Barāhīn. Although the book he translated and commented on pertains to creed (aqīdah), he interjected his views regarding the seven stages. Using the socio-intellectual and historical approach, this study illustrates how Muḥammad Zain established the Sunni-Ash'ārī creed. The doctrine of the seven stages is complex, and finding competent scholars to explain it is challenging. However, Muḥammad Zain cautiously evaluates the proponents of the doctrine of the unity of existence, which forms the basis of the seven stages, such as Ibn Arabī and ‘Abd Karīm al-Jīlī. He even sharply criticizes those who mislead figures like Ibrāhim al-Kurānī, Aḥmad al-Qushāshī, and ‘Abdurraūf al-Fansūrī. Muḥammad Zain's views also reflect the dominance of the Sunni-Ash'ari creed, indirectly impacting the decline of philosophical Sufi trends in Aceh, particularly and in the Malay territory generally.
The Prebiotic Index of Dried-Growol Made with Different Cassava Varieties and Cooking Methods
Authors: Wariyah Chatarina , Huda Nurul , Slamet Agus
Published: January 2025

Cassava is a staple food source of carbohydrates that contain high starch levels. However, low amylose starch consumption can result in increased postprandial blood sugar. Therefore, it is necessary to provide food based on cassava, such as dried-growol, which gives a feeling of satiety for a long time and has a prebiotic effect. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of cassava varieties and cooking methods on the resistant starch (RS) content and the prebiotic index of dried-growol produced. This research was carried out in a completely randomized factorial design with two factors, namely cassava variety (M = Mentega, L = Lanting, and K = Ketan) and dried-growol cooking method (Au = Autoclave, ST = Steaming, and PC = Pressure cooker). Dried-growol was processed through preparation, fermentation, boiling, cooling, and drying. The cassava and dried-growol were analyzed for their moisture, starch, amylose, and RS content, while the prebiotic index was analyzed on dried-growol. Prebiotic index testing used two cultures of lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus plantarum. The results showed that RS levels were only influenced by cassava varieties. Dried-growols from the Lanting variety, cooked with steaming (L-ST) and with a pressure cooker (L-PC), contain high RS, ranging between 22.51 and 27.03 g 100 g-1 dry matter, and have potential as prebiotic food as indicated by the increased viability of L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum bacteria grown in media with cooked dried-growol supplements of L-ST or L-PC, with a prebiotic index between 0.82 and 0.90. Thus, dried-growol has the potential to be a functional prebiotic food that can serve as a staple food that is beneficial for health.
The Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized with Tannic Acid for Nano-Priming on Zea mays L. Seeds Germination
Authors: Handayani Windri , Tanadi Richard Owen , Umar Aminah
Published: January 2025

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have various benefits for application in the agricultural sector, such as nano-seed priming to enhance seedling growth and development. In this research, the effectiveness of AgNPs sizes and concentration to enhance Zea mays seeds germination has been investigated. The AgNPs were synthesized using various concentrations of tannic acid (0.025, 0.25, and 5 mM) to produce AgNPs with different sizes to know their optimum size and concentration. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the absorption spectrum of AgNPs within 400 to 500 nm. Besides that, a transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to determine the size and shape of the AgNPs, and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentration. The results show AgNPs with sizes of 13.39±2.40, 27.25±4.09, and 46.7±10.75 nm, respectively. Subsequently, AgNPs with concentrations of ~8, ~16, and ~24 mg l-1 were exposed to Z. mays seeds for 24 hours, then germinated for 14 days. The results revealed that AgNPs with a size of ~27 nm and a concentration of ~24 mg l-1 showed the highest germination rate and growth despite the control and other treatments. This indicates that the AgNPs with those properties have the potential as a seed nano-priming agent.
Effectiveness of Antioxidants and Resistance to Diamondback Moth Infestation in Green Mustard Plants Using Ethanol Extracts from Millettia pachyloba Drake Leaves: An In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Nhung Tran Thi Phuong , Quoc Le Pham Tan
Published: January 2025

The growing interest in medicinal plants as sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides has led to the exploration of Millettia pachyloba (MPDE) for pest management. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of MPDE in controlling Diamondback moth (DBM) infestation and enhancing oxidative stress tolerance in green mustard plants. The goal is to determine MPDE’s potential to improve pest resistance and mitigate plant oxidative stress. The experiment involved applying MPDE at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% (w/v) to DBM larvae and green mustard plants, with fipronil 5% SC and water as controls. In vitro, the effects of MPDE on DBM larvae were assessed using bioassays, including oviposition, feeding preferences, and insecticidal activity. In vivo, MPDE was sprayed on green mustard plants infested with DBM larvae, and plant growth, survival, and yield were monitored. Antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and reducing power assays. The results of the study at p < 0.05 showed that MPDE significantly reduced oviposition and feeding by DBM, with higher concentrations demonstrating greater effectiveness. MPDE also increased DBM larval mortality, improved stem bending capacity, and enhanced plant survival, particularly at concentrations of 10%, which were comparable to fipronil. Moreover, MPDE exhibited significant antioxidant activity and reversed DBM-induced inhibition of antioxidant enzymes, reducing oxidative stress. These findings suggest that MPDE is a promising, eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, enhancing pest resistance and oxidative stress tolerance in plants.
Decolorization and Bioelectricity Generation from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by a Photosynthetic Bacterial Consortium
Authors: Chaijak Pimprapa , Kongthong Alisa
Published: January 2025

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the dark brown agricultural wastewater from palm oil extraction factories. It is difficult to decolorize using conventional methods. Melanoidin is a dark-colored polymer formed through the Maillard reaction which is the primary cause of the dark color in POME. This study investigated the potential of a photosynthetic bacterial consortium consisting of Blastochloris sulfoviridis and Lentimicrobium saccharophilum for POME treatment and bioenergy generation. The consortium effectively removed melanoidin content (68.89±0.84%) and color (60.87±1.22%) from POME without the addition of chemicals or culture medium. Additionally, a microbial fuel cell (MFC) integrated with the consortium generated apower output of up to 5.70±1.06 W m-3. The degraded metabolites were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment. The results revealed that melanoidin was converted to 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexane, butylated hydroxytoluene, and stigmasta-3,5-diene. Following treatment, the cell pellet was recovered and analyzed for valuable by-products. Carotenoid and astaxanthin pigments were extracted with yields of 0.32±0.01 and 0.02±0.00 mg g-1, respectively. These findings demonstrate the versatility of the photosynthetic bacterial consortium, which offers a sustainable solution for POME treatment while simultaneously POME decolorization and producing bioenergy and valuable compounds.
Biochar Quality During Slow Pyrolysis from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Its Application as Soil Ameliorant
Authors: Maulana Amsar , Harianti Mimien , Athiyya Salma , Prasetyo Teguh Budi , Monikasari Moli , Darfis Irwan , Rezki Dewi , Herviyanti Herviyanti
Published: January 2025

The optimal utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) waste holds significant potential for biomass bioconversion via slow pyrolysis, presenting a promising alternative for producing high-quality biochar as a soil ameliorant. This study investigates the effects of slow pyrolysis temperatures (≤ 300 °C) on the physicochemical properties of biochar derived from OPEFB and evaluates its efficacy as a soil ameliorant. This study utilized a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications across two experiments. The first experiment assessed the effect of slow pyrolysis temperature on the quality of biochar derived from OPEFB, with treatments set at four temperatures (150, 200, 250, and 300 °C) levels. The second experiment evaluated the impact of the selected biochar on the surface charge of oil palm plantation soil, applying biochar at five different doses (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 tons ha-¹). The potential temperature of 200 °C in slow pyrolysis had a significant effect on the quality of biochar from OPEFB with a yield ratio of 27.84% char; proximate (91.95% volatile matter and 0.81% fixed carbon), cation exchange capacity (CEC) [167.73 cmol(+) kg-1], and macro and micronutrients (e.g., C, N, P, K, Ca, Si, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn). The potential of O-H, N-H, C-H, and C=O functional groups of biochar from OPEFB for nutrient availability and absorption efficiency proven by the effect of 40 tons ha-1 biochar from OPEFB which significantly increased 80% of soil surface charge [pH by 0.80; organic matter (OM) composition by 19.8%, CEC by 11 cmol(+) kg-1] and nutrients [0.93% C; 0.04% N; 17.57 ppm P2O5; 0.65 cmol(+) kg-1 K] on Inceptisols.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MOTOR BAKAR MAHASISWA PRODI PTM FKIP UNS MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN FLIPPED LEARNING
Authors: Maryani Rima Arum , Ranto Ranto , Towip Towip
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah dengan penerapan model pembelajaran flipped learning dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar mahasiswa Prodi PTM FKIP UNS pada mata kuliah motor bakar. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus dengan setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester II Prodi PTM FKIP UNS kelas Motor Bakar A yang berjumlah 42 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi. Validitas data menggunakan validitas isi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif komparatif. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Juli 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan prestasi belajar motor bakar pada mahasiswa Prodi PTM FKIP UNS melalui penerapan model pembelajaran flipped learning. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh persentase nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar berturut-turut pada setiap siklusnya yaitu pra siklus sebesar 9,24%, siklus I sebesar 16%, siklus II sebesar 31,52%, dan siklus III sebesar 58%. Dengan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran flipped learning dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif model pembelajaran.
PENGARUH SUHU TUANG DAN FLUIDITAS ALUMINIUM (Al-9%Si) TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIS DAN FISIS PADA PENGECORAN EVAPORATIF MODEL BIRMINGHAM
Authors: Harjanto Budi , Hirman Hirman
Published: January 2025

The purposes of this study was: To know the difference influence of temperature variations on the rate of flow fluidity castings foundry results with the model evaporative Birmingham on Al-9% Si(1). To know the difference influence of temperature variations on the level of hardness cast evaporative casting model results in Birmingham Al-9% Si(2). To know the difference in the influence of temperature variations on the microstructure of casting Birmingham’s evaporative model in Al-9% Si. This research uses experimental methods. This study used Aluminum alloy ingots (Al-9% Si). Samples from this study is the result of the influence of temperature variations in the metal aluminum alloy castings against mechanical and physical properties. The number of samples for which there are 3 variations of temperature difference of the three 600°C, 700°C, 800°C. The results of this study were: (1)The measurement results obtained the conclusion that the fluidity between the different temperature variations of the highest value is at a temperature of 800°C and pour the fluidity of the lowest rate at a temperature of 600°C. (2)The mechanical properties of a form of violence each different test specimen temperature variation The greater the importance of the conclusion of the pour temperature hardness value to be dropped or small, because at the lowest temperature faster the freezing process that resulted in the material becomes harder. (3)The results of the microstructure obtained the conclusion that the grains are formed at the tip is greater than the base or middle, so the first freeze occurs on the tip of the middle and then later at the base.
Ejes urbanos en proceso de gentrificación: el barrio Franklin, Santiago de Chile como crisol comercial y promotor de turismo
Authors: Pareti Stefania , Rudolph Loreto
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo se enfoca en Barrio Franklin, en Santiago de Chile, se estudia como complejo urbano multifuncional, debido a (1) Las dinámicas de cambio que ha sufrido a lo largo de su existencia (2) la importante transformación que ha experimentado en su uso de suelo (3) es un centro histórico que actúa como crisol comercial y turístico. La problemática recae en la controversia que genera el barrio por estar sometido a un proceso de gentrificación y que a pesar de ello funciona como un crisol comercial y promotor de turismo, es por ello que se plantea el objetivo principal de disminuir la brecha entre el concepto de gentrificación y la identidad local del barrio. Para lograr el objetivo se utiliza una metodología basada en la revisión de antecedentes y un levantamiento fotográfico in situ específicamente en galpones comerciales y turísticos que permite la observación directa y participativa del caso. Se concluye que el proceso de gentrificación genera controversia pero que es un proceso capaz de promover la transformación positiva de una comunidad integrando funciones residenciales, comerciales y turísticas, generando un espacio urbano que impulsa el desarrollo económico y que podría ser promotor de convivencia social.
Uso de los SIG como recurso de innovación docente: Evaluación del conocimiento geoespacial a través de metodologías activas y emergentes
Authors: Alberdi Nieves Virginia
Published: January 2025

Con este trabajo se pretende evaluar una innovación docente basada en el uso de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) para la enseñanza de dos asignaturas Topografía y Sistemas de Información Geográfica, y Expresión Gráfica de la Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales de Badajoz (Grado en Ingeniería Eléctrica y Grado en Ingeniería Química Industrial). Para ello fueron realizados tres seminarios utilizando metodologías activas y emergentes como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP). Con los objetivos de determinar el potencial innovador del uso de los SIG en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje y evaluar el conocimiento geoespacial adquirido a través del ABP. Se utilizó la metodología de investigación basada en técnicas estadísticas a través de la recolección de datos de una muestra de 155 alumnos; fue realizado un cuestionario en el que se detectaron los conocimientos geoespaciales del alumnado para implementación de los seminarios prácticos utilizando el software libre QGIS v. 3.28. Por último, fueron evaluados por la herramienta tecnológica Kahoot a través de un cuestionario. Los resultados mostraron un alto grado de satisfacción con la metodología de aprendizaje utilizando los SIG, con gran utilidad para el desarrollo de proyectos de ingeniería, así lo manifiesta el 80% del alumnado.
Las relaciones intergeneracionales en la educación formal. Una experiencia para el aprendizaje geográfico
Authors: García Hernández Juan Samuel
Published: January 2025

El contacto intergeneracional constituye una fuente de indudable valor para el aprendizaje geográfico. Las relaciones entre personas jóvenes y mayores ofrecen oportunidades didácticas que han sido aprovechadas con cierta frecuencia en contextos formativos informales; sin embargo, el impulso de proyectos educativos que faciliten el vínculo entre generaciones ha sido menos frecuente en el ámbito de la educación formal y es a partir de la última reforma normativa cuando su importancia aparece recogida en los currículos oficiales. La presente propuesta analiza el potencial de la perspectiva intergeneracional en el marco del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Geografía y ofrece una experiencia práctica de su empleo en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO). El proyecto “Cosechando experiencias” ha propiciado el acercamiento del alumnado a su entorno social mediante un proceso de aprendizaje activo, significativo y contextualizado que promueve actitudes de participación y transformación en el ámbito local y comunitario.