bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Relationship Between Creative Attitudes of Secondary School Teachers and Their Professional Competence in Teaching Students with and Without Disabilities
Authors: Gindrich Piotr Alfred
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Teacher professional competence may be an indicator of general, special and inclusive education quality. However, creative attitudes of teachers may contribute to an increase in their motivation, self-awareness and subjective well-being. Furthermore, teachers’ professional competence may constitute grounds for developing creative competence which enables an analysis of the relationship between teachers’ creative attitudes and teachers’ professional skills in working with students with disabilities and without special needs.
Research Aim: The present study aimed to compare the levels of perceived professional competences in teaching students with and without disabilities as well as to examine the relationship between the creative attitudes and the aforementioned competences in a sample of secondary school teachers.
Research Method: A diagnostic survey method as well as the following instruments were used: Creative Behavior Questionnaire KANH by Popek, Teachers’ Perceived Professional Competences Questionnaire by Byra and Kazanowski, a short demographic survey aimed at teachers.
Results: The teachers place greater emphasis on evaluative and innovative competence in teaching students with disabilities. However, psychological and communicative competence in working with students without special needs are rated higher. There is a relationship between teachers’ creative attitudes and the self-reported professional competences in teaching students with and without disabilities. The interdependencies are more recognizable regarding the students
without special needs. The hypothesis was partially verified.
Conclusions: The findings prove that fostering teachers’ creative attitudes may improve teachers’ professional competences in special, mainstream and inclusive education. Pedagogically, it is important to promote both student and teacher creativity.
Exposing Civic Normativity: Applying the Persona-Based Walkthrough Method to the Dutch Happiness Meter
Authors: Smit Alexander , de Winkel Tim , Wieringa Maranke
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the Dutch Happiness Meter (HM) – a digital tool employed by the government to quantify citizens’ happiness – through the lens of critical data studies. We introduce the “persona-based walkthrough method” to explore the HM’s algorithmic underpinnings and its socio technical construction of happiness. By navigating diverse personas through the HM’s interface, we answer the following questions: RQ1: How does the Dutch Happiness Meter (HM) embed socio-cultural norms and biases within its algorithmic design, and how do these translate to the quantification and representation of citizen happiness across diverse demographic groups? RQ2: How does the persona-based walkthrough method reveal the limitations and exclusions of black-boxed e-government applications such as the Happiness Meter, and how can this method contribute to algorithmic accountability and transparency in digital governance? and RQ3: What are the implications of datafying subjective well-being through tools like the Happiness Meter on public perceptions of happiness, and how does algorithmic governance influence the epistemologies of well-being in the context of policy-making and societal inclusion? The analysis untangles cultural and computational synergies, examining their influence on civic normativity and quantified well-being. Our contribution shows how such data-driven systems construct a normative understanding of happiness which impacts governmental strategies and public accountability. The findings reveal critical insights into the underlying assumptions and biases in the HM, particularly how socio-technical systems shape user experience and influence perceptions of well-being. By employing personas, especially “anti-personas”, the study exposes civic normativity as mechanisms of exclusions and inequality. This study aims to contribute to discussions on digital governance’s role in shaping societal perceptions of well-being, highlighting the need for algorithmic accountability, transparency and inclusivity in algorithmic e-governmental infrastructures.
Board of Directors
Authors: Building Healthy Academic Communities BHAC Journal
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
BHAC Journal Reviewers
Authors: Building Healthy Academic Communities BHAC Journal
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
Gaussian pulse generator with independent control of charge accumulation and dissolution time
Authors: Velichkina A.S. , Elfimov A.E. , Uskov G.K. , Bobreshov A.M.
Published: February 2025

The paper proposes an algorithm for independent accumulation and resorption of charge in a step recovery diode (SRD), which makes it possible to improve the shape of the resulting pulse and reduce the level of subsequent distortion, also called ringing. This turns out to be especially important when forming a Gaussian monocycle and doublet using adders of the Wilkinson design. The proposed solution is based on the ability to control the duration of the processes of accumulation and resorption of charges in the structure of the DNC, which ultimately affects the shape of the generator pulse. The control algorithm includes changing the duration of the triggering pulses and their start time relative to each other.

The proposed electrical circuit diagram includes two field-effect transistors: one for each control channel. Rectangular pulse generators are connected to the gates of the transistors, which generate trigger signals. Pumping and absorption pulses for diodes are formed at the sources of field-effect transistors; constant power sources of different polarities are connected to the drains of the transistors: 5 V to generate the absorption current and -3 V in the pump channel. The circuit uses two series-connected diodes to increase the amplitude of the generated pulse and an inductance to accumulate the energy of the generated pulse.

A full-scale experiment was conducted to test the operation of the described video pulse generator circuit. A sample of the pulse generator was manufactured; Rogers RO4350D textolite with a dielectric constant of 3.48 and a dielectric thickness of 0.76 mm was used as the substrate material. During installation, unpackaged transistors from Ampleon model BLF574 and charge storage diodes Macom-MAVR-044769-12790T were used. The measurements were carried out using an Agilent DCA-X 86100D four-channel stroboscopic oscilloscope. Two Agilent 81104A were used as trigger pulse generators.

The study confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed circuit solution. At the output of the generator, a bell video pulse with an amplitude of 38 V and a half-maximum duration of 200 ps was obtained. A comparison was made of the level of after-effect distortion with pulses received from generators using one control channel. The “ringing” level, calculated as the ratio of the peak-to-peak interference after the end of the pulse, is about 4.2% of the pulse amplitude. This indicator improved three times relative to the solutions with which the comparison was made.

The ability to control the shape of the resulting bell video pulse was also demonstrated. The dependence of the amplitude and duration of the pulse pulse on the delay time between pumping pulses and charge resorption in the discrepancy zone was shown. The duration tuning range was 160-315 ns, and the amplitude tuning range was 36-52.7 V. Thus, the possible tuning range for duration was 97%, for amplitude 46%. This property can be used to modulate a signal.
Analysis of the problems of predicting the behavior of cognitive radio systems
Authors: Golovskoy V.A.
Published: February 2025

The intellectualization of information technology systems is an urgent direction in the development of society, and one example is cognitive radio systems with the ability to self-study. The paper examines the features of cognitive radio systems that cause a change in approaches to their modeling and test planning, which is of critical importance for radio systems designed to function in conditions of electronic conflict.

The purpose of the work is to analyze the problems of modeling and forecasting the knowledge-based behavior of cognitive radio systems in order to identify fundamental differences in the content of their testing system.

A hypothesis is formulated about the influence of the ability of unlimited self-learning of cattle on the potential possibility of modeling its behavior in a real non-deterministic environment. The mass forecasting problem inherent in information technology systems with unlimited self-learning abilities has been formalized. To test the hypothesis, a theorem on the algorithmic insolubility of the mass problem of predicting the behavior of cattle based on an unlimited set of generated knowledge, with the non-deterministic nature of the real environment, is formulated and proved. The necessity of developing requirements for the data on which the cattle will be tested is shown. A number of tasks have been proposed that must be solved to ensure effective cattle testing.

The theoretical significance of the work lies in the fact that a massive problem has been formulated that is of interest to researchers involved in the creation of self-learning information technology systems.

A number of tasks proposed as a result of the analysis that should be solved to ensure the testing of cognitive radio systems are of practical importance.
X-ray tubes: current applications and research
Authors: Sheshin E.P. , Alyabyev A.A. , Kibirsky A.D. , Fun D.M.
Published: February 2025

Applications of X-ray tubes covers a large number of problems in modern science, industry, medicine, and agriculture. Modern advances in the construction of various X-ray tubes make it possible to solve a wide range of problems: from studying the mechanism of formation of chemical bonds to obtaining images of human organs. This paper provides an overview of modern areas of application of X-ray tubes, as well as the main directions for improving X-ray tubes through a patent search. Review modern applications of X-ray tubes. We have analyzed some areas for the use of X-ray tubes, and also characterized the main directions for improving the designs of X-ray tubes. X-ray tubes are used everywhere, and their areas of application are increasing. The work provides an analysis of the application and creation of X-ray tubes.
Outline of goat farming in the municipality of Anajatuba, Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Gonçalves Luciele , Lima Franscisco Carneiro
Published: February 2025

Goat farming has been present in Brazil since the colonial period, currently the Northeast has the largest contingent of these animals, where they are exploited to obtain meat, milk and leather. The objective of this work was to analyze the profile of goat farming in the municipality of Anajatuba, Maranhão (MA), highlighting the characteristics of the management of the creation and the preponderant socioeconomic aspects involving the activity. For this, eight goat farmers from four villages in the municipality of Anajatuba-MA were interviewed. A pre-structured questionnaire was used with data associated with the owner, property, herd, general management and commercialization of the products. Data were tabulated and presented as percentage averages. The results showed a production chain based on subsistence, with a prevalence of men with an average age of 46 years and low level of education, without planning and technological resources, prevalence of the extensive system of creation dedicated to meat exploitation, with deficient sanitary and reproductive management. There is an inefficiency in the complex that forms the dynamism of the goat production chain in the municipality of Anajatuba-MA.
Pyroligneous extract for production of Pinus taeda L. seedlings
Authors: Angelo Natalia Maria Martinazzo , Gaboardi Guilherme Gava , Almeida Renan Acácio , Grando Lucas Smaha , Cruz Sonia Purin da
Published: February 2025

Production of well-developed Pinus taeda L. seedlings is essential for satisfactory development of planted forests. Biostimulant compounds, such as pyroligneous extract, have shown great potential to improve plant growth of some agronomic crops, and therefore should be tested in forestry species as well. Hence, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of pyroligneous extract on P. taeda seedlings under nursery conditions. The experiment was carried out under completely randomized conditions, studying three concentrations of extract added to the substrate. Plant height and diameter were measured monthly, and data regarding plant biomass and development were collected after six months. Pyroligneous extract had no effect on seed germination. Plant height was improved in 12.5% only at 30 days after sowing with 2.5% extract added to the substrate. Fresh mass or volume of roots, as well as shoot mass, were not affected by pyroligneous extract. However, root dry mass was increased from 0.258g to 0.335g with 1.0% pyroligneous extract. Root production by Pinus taeda seedlings is significantly improved by adding 1.0% pyroligneous extract in the substrate before sowing. Therefore, addition of 1.0% pyroligneous extract to substrate is recommended to improve root development of Pinus taeda seedlings at nursery.
Economic feasibility analysis of rock-basalt dust for soybean production in the Dourados/MS
Authors: Almeida Risely Ferraz , Gomes Willian Lange
Published: February 2025

With the hypothesis that the use of rock dust is an economically viable alternative for supplementary fertilization in the soybean crop in the region of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), this study evaluated the use of rock dust in the soybean crop, taking into account the relationship between productivity and cost of production. The experiment was installed with the application of rock dust (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 Mg ha-1) in soybean cultivation. Productivity, production cost, and economic viability indicators were monitored and calculated. Results showed that the application of rock dust positively influenced the total revenue, as well as the gross margin and net margin of the treatments, allowing a higher rate of return on the producer's investments. With the application of doses greater than 2.5 Mg ha-1 of rock dust, a higher total revenue could be obtained, however, there was a lower value of gross margin, net margin, leveling price, and leveling point components. Therefore, conclude that the application of up to 2.5 Mg ha-1 is a viable alternative to increase soybean profitability in the region of Dourados/MS.
Microbiological and pH of ground beef sold in supermarkets in Southern Bahia
Authors: Deminicis Renata Gomes da Silveira , Deminicis Bruno Borges
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality and pH of fresh ground beef sold in supermarkets in southern Bahia. Samples were collected and prepared from “ground beef” in which pH was measured and microbiological analyzes were performed, with techniques for identification of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, mold and yeast. The microbiological quality of meat, the most likely number of total coliforms ranged from 21 to 2.7 x 104 MLN/g (average 3.5x103 MLN/g), and coliforms at 45 ºC or thermotolerant <3 to 5 x 103 MLN/g (average 1.3x103 MLN/ g). The presence of Escherichia coli was confirmed in 70% of the samples. No Salmonella was detected in any of the samples.
Allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray
Authors: Henzel Ana Beatriz Devantier , Moreira da Luz Real Isadora , Guarino Ernestino Souza Gomes , Schiedeck Gustavo , Mauch Carlos Rogério
Published: February 2025

Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray has been recommended as a fertilizer species and its liquid extract as a biofertilizer in organic agroforestry systems. However, studies indicate that plant extracts have inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of several plant species, acting as allelopathic. In this sense, the work aims to evaluate, on a laboratory scale, the biological effect of concentrations of aqueous extract of T. diversifolia on the germination and initial development of seeds, using lettuce as an indicator species. Aqueous extracts were produced at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, using distilled water as a control. Lettuce seeds were arranged in Gerbox boxes, on filter paper, in the amount of 25 seeds per box, under a constant temperature of 20°C and natural light, for seven days. The percentage of final germination, mean germination time (MGT), germination speed index (GSI), and phytosanitary status of the seed on the seventh day were evaluated. The aqueous extracts of T. diversifolia in concentrations between 5% and 20% do not affect the final germination of the seeds, however, they reduce the germination speed; affect seedling size, and induce a higher percentage of abnormalities in germinated seeds. The results suggest that extracts of T. diversifolia have allelopathic potential for the germination of species.
Agronomic potential of blueberry cultivars in an organic cropping system in the Brazilian subtropics
Authors: Chiomento José Luís Trevizan , Bittencourt Tobias Furtado , Tortelli Brenda , Trentin Thomas dos Santos , Silveira Diógenes Cecchin , Nienow Alexandre Augusto
Published: February 2025

The lack of information on the agronomic potential of blueberry cultivars in response to edaphoclimatic and biogeographical characteristics limits the establishment of commercial orchards in the producing regions of southern Brazil. Thus, the research objective was to investigate whether the agronomic potential differs among blueberry cultivars in an organic cultivation system in the Brazilian subtropics. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Lagoa Vermelha, Brazil, from August 2021 to January 2022, in a commercial orchard. The treatments were three blueberry cultivars belonging to the rabbiteye group (‘Bluegem’, ‘Clímax’ and ‘Florida’), arranged in a completely randomized design, with eight replications. Fruit production and quality were evaluated. ‘Florida’ produced the highest number of fruits and had the highest blueberry production and yield. ‘Bluegem’ and ‘Clímax’ stood out in terms of fruiting rate. ‘Bluegem’ and ‘Florida’ had fruits with greater longitudinal diameter. ‘Clímax’ stood out for its larger cross-sectional fruit diameter and for producing blueberries with higher sugar content, lower citric acid content and better palatability. In conclusion, the three blueberry cultivars in organic cultivation system in the Brazilian subtropics differ in terms of their productive potential and fruit quality. ‘Florida’ has the best yield potential and ‘Clímax’ produces blueberries with the best chemical quality.
Alexandria’s Paradiplomacy: Leveraging Cultural Heritage and Economic Strategies for Mediterranean Leadership
Authors: Idrus Malik Yusuf , Kwei Haliday Nyingchia
Published: February 2025

Alexandria, historically known as a nexus of trade and culture, is emerging as a prominent subnational actor in Mediterranean diplomacy through a process known as paradiplomacy. This article explores the mechanisms by which Alexandria harnesses its cultural heritage, strategic positioning, and economic initiatives to strengthen its global influence. Employing a qualitative descriptive methodology, the study drew on secondary data from academic literature, municipal policy documents, and practical case studies of Alexandria’s international collaborations. The findings indicate that Alexandria successfully integrated cultural diplomacy—exemplified by heritage preservation, city branding, and membership in organizations such as the Union for the Mediterranean—with targeted economic strategies to attract foreign investment and expand port infrastructure. These multifaceted efforts bolster Alexandria’s regional standing as a hub of both cultural exchange and commercial activity. However, challenges persist in balancing heritage conservation with modernization demands, including urban development and the maintenance of sustainable economic growth. Overall, this research underscores that Alexandria’s paradiplomatic endeavors not only elevate its role as a cultural ambassador but also enhance its economic competitiveness. By carefully negotiating between historical preservation and forward-looking economic policies, the city demonstrates that local governments can serve as influential agents on the international stage. The article concludes that Alexandria’s experience provides a compelling model for understanding how culturally rich and strategically located cities can leverage paradiplomacy to achieve comprehensive development and greater global engagement.
Cooperation and interoperability between public security services and medical service in the aspect of CBRN threats in the territory of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Konieczny Marcin
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the issue of cooperation and interoperability between the services responsible for public security and medical entities, including emergency medical units. The topic seems interesting due to the growing problem of threats resulting from a possible use of CBRN agents. As a general rule, toxic chemicals, pathogens of all kinds, and radioactive and nuclear substances can get out of control at random, but they can also be used deliberately – in terrorist attacks. Regardless of the cause, they pose a serious threat to life and health, as well as to the environment. The author puts forward the thesis that in the context of this type
of threat, cooperation between the entities designated to save lives and health is insufficient and it absolutely requires the implementation of methods ensuring better coordination of activities. Based on the available relevant literature, the article describes the concepts of public security, health safety and threats. The aim of the study is to analyze common training, methods and systems of cooperation between services responsible for public security, in particular the principles of notifying and informing about threats related to the possible use of CBRN, particularly in terms of preventing such threats, responding to them, counteracting and taking relevant protective measures. The article addresses the issue of the duties, scope of responsibility and competences of individual formations in the light of legal regulations in force. It also addresses the unresolved issue of insufficient coordination and the deficit in the area of rapid information exchange. The study indicates solutions and recommendations that could fill this gap for the benefit of public security and state authorities. The research method adopted for the purposes of this study is the analysis of the relevant literature.
The child tax credit as an example of the state’s family policy
Authors: Mańczyk Paweł , Wróblewska Dominika
Published: February 2025

Ulga na dzieci jest ulgą podatkową w podatku dochodowym od osób fizycznych. Celem artykułu było przybliżenie tej preferencji podatkowej. Autorzy, dokonując szczegółowej analizy odnośnych przepisów prawnych oraz przeglądu orzecznictwa sądowego, podjęli próbę oceny, czy ulga na dzieci realizuje założenia, jakie przyświecały ustawodawcy przy jej wprowadzeniu. W podsumowaniu wskazano cztery mankamenty ulgi na dzieci:
1. Ulga dostępna jest jedynie dla podatników rozliczających podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych na zasadach ogólnych.
2. Prawo do ulgi przy wychowywaniu jednego dziecka uzależnione jest od kryterium dochodowego, które od 2013 roku nie było waloryzowane.
3. Wartość ulgi na dzieci jest znikoma, a jej wysokość nie zmieniła się od 2015 roku.
4. Prawa do ulgi nie mają osoby sprawujące faktyczną opiekę nad niespokrewnionymi, pełnoletnimi osobami wymagającymi takiej opieki z uwagi na wąskie rozumienie obowiązku alimentacyjnego.
Autorzy sformułowali propozycje rozwiązania ww. mankamentów.
W opracowaniu jako podstawową metodę badawczą zastosowano metodę dogmatyczno-prawną obejmującą analizę aktów prawnych, literatury przedmiotu oraz orzecznictwa sądów
The European Union and humanitarian crises
Authors: Marcisz-Dynia Anna
Published: February 2025

Celem i założeniem niniejszego opracowania jest wskazanie ewolucji i mechanizmów udzielania pomocy humanitarnej przez Unię Europejską. Nie ulega wątpliwości, że jest to problematyka istotna, jednak dopiero w Traktacie z Lizbony doczekała się bezpośredniej podstawy prawnej odnoszącej się do pomocy humanitarnej i stała się przedmiotem odrębnej polityki. Jej założenia, struktura i mechanizmy finansowania zostały uściślone na mocy unifikacji, jak i harmonizacji aktów prawa pochodnego, w tym również aktów sui generis, które wywarły określony wpływ na obszar działań zewnętrznych w omawianym aspekcie. Zasadniczym
celem niniejszej pracy jest przybliżenie ram prawnych i politycznych pomocy humanitarnej wraz z przykładami dotyczącymi praktycznych aspektów niesienia pomocy. W pracy posłużono się metodą formalno-dogmatyczną i prawnoporównawczą polegającą m.in. na próbie poszukiwania adekwatnych rozwiązań prawnych dla szeroko pojętej pomocy humanitarnej udzielanej przez Unię Europejską.
What does law have in common with a folk tale? Perspectives of application of Propp’s method in jurisprudence
Authors: Mirocha Łukasz
Published: February 2025

Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu przybliżenie czytelnikowi dokonań rosyjskiego literaturoznawcy Włodzimierza Proppa oraz analizę możliwości ich zastosowania w prawoznawstwie. Propp zajmował się badaniem utworów z gatunku bajki magicznej, dochodząc do wniosku, że fabuła tych utworów składa się z 31 powtarzalnych funkcji, które wykonywane są przez 7 typów bohaterów. Propp ukazywał, że pomimo zmian nazw czynności, postaci, atrybutów na powierzchownym poziomie tekstu w różnych bajkach głęboki poziom tekstu pozwala dostrzec tożsamości między poszczególnymi utworami. Główne dzieło Proppa Morfologia bajki
wraz z myślą antropologa Clauda Lévi-Straussa oraz odkryciami Noama Chomsky’ego stały się inspiracją dla rozwoju francuskiej szkoły strukturalizmu oraz badań narratologicznych. Rozważania zawarte w artykule wpisują się w nurt badań określany mianem law and literature, zwłaszcza w jego narratologiczną gałąź. Opracowanie w syntetyczny sposób prezentuje dotychczasowy stan badań z zakresu narratologii prawnej oraz przedstawia możliwe zastosowania myśli Proppa w tej dziedzinie i ich ograniczenia. Praca nie ma charakteru dogmatycznoprawnego, stąd zbędne jest odwoływanie się do metod formalno-dogmatycznej czy historycznoprawnej, zasadniczą rolę odgrywa w niej analiza dyskursu. W artykule ukazano, że z uwagi na różnice zachodzące między prawem a literaturą dokonania Proppa mogą przede wszystkim być inspiracją dla prawoznawstwa, niemniej istnieją także płaszczyzny, na których metoda Proppa może być zastosowana wprost.
Associated production of J/ψ and direct photon in the parton Reggeization approach
Authors: Alimov L. E. , Karpishkov A. V. , Saleev V. A.
Published: February 2025

We study the associated J/ψ and direct photon production in the high energy factorization, as it is formulated in the parton Reggeization approach, using two different models for the hadronization of a heavy quark-antiquark pair into a heavy quarkonium, namely the non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD) and the improved color evaporation model (ICEM). We find essential differences in predictions for cross section and transverse momenta spectra obtained using the NRQCD and the ICEM, which can be used for the discrimination between these models. Our prediction for cross sections of the associated J/ψ and direct photon production at the LHC energies slightly overestimate the results early obtained in the next-to-leading order (NLO) calculation in the collinear parton model (CPM). We predict different two-particle correlation spectra in the associated J/ψ and direct photon production which may be interesting for an experimental study
Solution of the Föppl – von Kármán equations for square plates
Authors: Digilov A. V. , Lychev S. A.
Published: February 2025

The present paper develops an approach to obtaining solutions of the Föppl – von Kármán equations for square plates, which are based on direct algebraisation of the boundary-value problem. The solution is obtained in term of expansion into basis of the space of square-integrable function. The system of eigenfunction of a linear self-adjoined operator is used as the basis. The expansion coefficients are defined by the reduction method from an infinite-dimensional system of cubic equations. It allows one to consider the proposed solution as non-linear generalisation of classic Galerkin method
Numerical simulation of the oil pipeline temperature field for the thermal method of measuring the thickness of paraffin deposits taken into account of oil movement
Authors: Artur M. Kh. , Ryzhova E. A. , Yaroslavkina E. E.
Published: February 2025

The article provides an analysis of the problems of precipitation of asphaltresin-paraffin deposits on the inner surface of the walls pipelines. The problem of numerical modeling of the temperature field of the heated oil pipeline in the ANSYS software product is considered. The process of heating and cooling the pipeline at different sediment thicknesses and oil velocities is investigated. A two-dimensional numerical model of the oil pipeline has been developed, which allows studying the behavior of its temperature field during heating and cooling. The research developed in the article helps to reduce the cost of maintaining oil pipelines.
A Study on the Role of LPA and ATX in Breast Cancer in Iraq
Authors: Taha Anfal Akeel , Jasim Hind Salman , Hamad Wafaa Fadhil
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Early detection is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. This study investigates the roles of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and autotaxin (ATX) in the early diagnosis of breast cancer among Iraqi women. A case-control study was conducted involving 75 women diagnosed with breast cancer and 75 healthy controls. Blood samples were collected, and biochemical parameters, including LPA and ATX levels, were measured using the ELISA technique. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 24, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic capabilities. The majority of breast cancer patients were aged 50-59 years (33.3%). Histologically, invasive ductal carcinoma was the most prevalent subtype (82.6%). Biochemical analysis revealed significant differences in alanine aminotransferase, total serum bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase levels between patients and controls. LPA levels were significantly elevated in the patient group (868.48±142.11 pg/ml) compared to controls (212.01±54.94 pg/ml), while ATX levels were also higher (2252.20±399.46 pg/ml vs. 951.40±209.21 pg/ml). ROC analysis indicated that both LPA and ATX exhibited high diagnostic sensitivity (98%) and specificity (100%). In Iraqi women, elevated serum levels of LPA and ATX may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer, highlighting their role in disease progression. Further studies are warranted to explore their clinical applications in breast cancer diagnosis and management
A Case Report of Gastric Diverticulum-An Uncommon Cause of Dyspepsia
Authors: Amzar Muhamad , Mohamad Ikhwan Sani , Syed Aziz Syed Hassan , Mokhter Wan Mokhzani Wan , Hashim Isa Merican Siti Rahmah
Published: February 2025

Gastric diverticulum is a rare anatomic abnormality which resulted from abnormal outpouching of the stomach wall. It is known to cause symptoms from asymptomatic to life threatening conditions. The management mainly depends on the severity of the disease and the size of the diverticulum and there is no specific treatment for an asymptomatic patient. We reported a case of 58-year-old gentleman who presented with dyspepsia secondary to gastric diverticulum. The diagnosis was made based on medical history and an outpatient Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS). Patient was treated non surgically with proton pump inhibitors and prokinetics.
Incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in central iran
Authors: Andishmand Abbas , Namayandah Seyedeh Mahdiah , Ziafat Mehraban
Published: February 2025

Objectives: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a critical form of acute coronary syndrome that requires immediate myocardial reperfusion to reduce infarct size and enhance patient outcomes. Despite improvements in the management of STEMI, it continues to be a global contributor to mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term prognosis and outcomes of STEMI patients by investigating the incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).
Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 305 patients diagnosed with STEMI between March 2016 and February 2017 in Afshar Hospital, a tertiary cardiac hospital in central Iran. The researchers performed Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug-eluting stents (DES), and patients received standard medical therapy. Data on major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), demographic characteristics, clinical factors, and procedural details were collected through patient interviews, medical records, and the myocardial infarction registry database.
Results: The overall success rate of primary PCI was 92.8%. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for coronary artery disease (41.1%). During the one-year follow-up, the incidence of MACCE was 15.1% (46 patients), with death being the most common occurring in 33 patients (10.8%). Mortality rates were highest within the first six months. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (P=0.001) and stent length exceeding 30 mm (P=0.036) were significant predictors of mortality.
Conclusions: This study provides important insights into primary PCI outcomes in STEMI patients in central Iran. The findings indicate a high success rate for PCI and emphasize the necessity for timely and appropriate management. MACCE incidence, especially mortality, highlights the importance of ongoing surveillance and comprehensive follow-up care.
Predictors of in hospital mortality in cardiogenic shock following ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
Authors: Andishmand Abbas , Kalantari Fahimah
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe complication of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and is associated with high mortality rates. This study aimed to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients experiencing cardiogenic shock following STEMI.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Afshar Hospital in Yazd from 2018 to 2023, analyzing clinical data from 62 STEMI patients diagnosed with CS. The mean age of the cohort was 64.9 ± 13.5 years, with a male predominance of 69.5%. Key variables assessed included left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), comorbidities, and treatment interventions. Survival analysis and Cox regression were employed to evaluate mortality outcomes.
Results: LVEF less than 30% emerged as a significant predictor of in-hospital mortality, with a hazard ratio of 11.1 (95% CI: 2.6–47.4; p < 0.001). The mean survival time was 7.0 days (95% CI: 5.8–8.3). Additionally, hyperlipidemia was associated with increased mortality, presenting an odds ratio of 11.3 (95% CI: 1.1–114.1; p = 0.040). The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was notably higher in the deceased cohort (28.0% vs. 8.1%; p = 0.042). Although urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in the majority of cases, mortality remained significant.
Conclusions: This study highlights that LVEF and hyperlipidemia are critical predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock following STEMI. Other studies also suggest the prognostic value of LVEF in various cardiac conditions, particularly in the context of acute coronary syndromes [14, 15]. Also, the combination of renal dysfunction left ventricular ejection fraction, and advanced age has been proposed as a predictor of in-hospital mortality [18]. These findings underscore the importance of early identification and targeted management strategies to improve patient outcomes in this high-risk population.
Current Control in Field-Excited Flux Switching Machines: No-Load Induced Voltage Impact Based on the Winding Connection
Authors: Galo Diogo P. V. , Maia Thales A. C. , Cardoso Filho Braz de J.
Published: February 2025

Micro and mild hybrid electric vehicles can make a significant contribution to reducing emissions and mitigating the environmental impact. Electric machine designs with fewer or no rare-earth permanent magnets will play an important role in the adoption of hybrid solutions. Doubly salient reluctance machines exhibit a simple structure, robust mechanical strength, excellent fault tolerance, and a wide range of speed regulation, which makes them suitable for in-wheel applications. Particular emphasis should be placed on flux-switching machines with wound-field excitation, which offer great operating flexibility, efficient heat dissipation, and power density of up to 4.8 kW/kg. This paper introduces a wound-field flux-switching machine designed for in-wheel applications, featuring individual field current control. The machine has individual access to each of the field coils. The primary objective of this research is to enhance the machine's operational versatility by enabling multiple configurations of the machine, adjusting the way the field-coils are connected. Firstly, a comparison of the armature no-load induced voltage is made for field coils connected in both series and parallel. Additionally, an assessment of the impact of open-circuit failures in one and two adjacent field coils is conducted. Finally, a current control strategy is proposed to effectively manage each individual field coil.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DENGAN METODE 3R PADA ANAK DI KAMPUNG SEPEDA AIR KENJERAN SURABAYA
Authors: Afifah Silvi Nur , Tobing Angelica Gracekezia Bornok Lumban , Ariyanti Alista Debby , Nafiahtin Dyah , Annisa Nur Hany
Published: February 2025

3R-based waste management emphasizes the concepts of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle, starting from the source, especially for household waste. This study aims to provide assistance to children in proper waste management, such as separating waste before being disposed of in landfills, as well as the importance of washing hands properly. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method, which aims to produce certain products and test their feasibility. 3R education and action programs, as planned in humanitarian projects, are strategic steps to address this problem. Activities such as waste management workshops, recycling creativity competitions, can help increase public awareness and participation, especially children in the area.
ABSTRAK
Pengolahan sampah berbasis 3R menekankan pada konsep Reduce (mengurangi), Reuse (menggunakan kembali), dan Recycle (mendaur ulang), yang dimulai dari sumbernya, khususnya pada sampah rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan kepada anak-anak di pengolahan sampah yang benar, seperti memisahkan sampah sebelum dibuang ke tempat pembuangan sampah, serta pentingnya mencuci tangan dengan benar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D), yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk tertentu dan menguji kelayakannya. Program edukasi dan aksi 3R, seperti yang direncanakan dalam proyek kemanusiaan, menjadi langkah strategis untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini. Kegiatan seperti lokakarya pengelolaan sampah, lomba kreatifitas daur ulang, dapat membantu meningkatkan kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat terutama anak-anak di daerah tersebut.
A review of Yulgok’s criticism of Hoejae(2)
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, LIM Yong-Gyun
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on Yulgok Yi I’s(1536~1584) criticism of Hoejae Yi Eon-jeok(1491~1553) in the latter half of “Hoejaedaehakboyuhuui” 晦齋大學補遺後議. Yulgok, a figure who was active after Hoejae’s death, consistently maintained a critical tone toward Hoejae in various writings. “Hoejaedaehakboyuhuui” is a text written in 1581, three years before Yulgok’s death. Therefore, there is no material that directly rebuts Hoejae’s criticism of Yulgok. However, it is fully possible to respond to Yulgok’s criticism because there are works left behind by Hoejae during his lifetime. The core of the second half of “Hoejaedaehakboyuhuui” is Yulgok’s criticism of Hoejae’s remarks regarding “investigation of thing” (格物致知) and “in” 仁. Hoejae’s theory of “Investigation of thing” has been the subject of numerous studies, leading to the formation of a substantial body of discourse. However, research on Hoejae’s concept of “in” remains relatively undeveloped. Regarding the former, this paper seeks to reinterpret Hoejae’s “investigation of thing” from a perspective distinct from existing discourses which share similarities to Yulgok’s position. And regarding the latter, it summarizes and compares the positions of the two figures concerning “in” as comprehensively as possible. Through this process, the limitations of Yulgok’s criticism of Hoejae have been identified.
Gu sou’s Violence, Shun’s Resentment: Examining Violence within Family Relations in Confucianism
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Kim Seonhee
Published: February 2025

This study examines the structure of violence within familial relationships and its justification in Confucianism. While violence is inherently evil in its essential context, certain forms of violence can be structurally justified depending on the context and the relationship between the subject and object. In Eastern traditions, the concept of ‘righteous killing’ (義殺) has existed since ancient times. Violence related to family members shows multilayered dynamics, particularly due to the unique concept of ‘filial piety’ (孝) which functions beyond blood relations as a political grammar. This research attempts to examine how violence by or against parents has been justified through various logic and pretexts in Confucian discourse. In China and Joseon, there were moral aberrations where people mutilated their own or their children’s bodies, or killed others in revenge for their parents, all in the name of filial piety. How does Confucian discourse justify these unfilial attempts that occur in the process of performing filial duty? Is the Confucian justification of violence related to filial piety valid or meaningful? Through examining cases of family-related violence in China and Joseon, this study aims to investigate how violence derived from the performance of filial piety or the embodiment of righteousness was justified or denied within Confucianism.
Espiritismo y literatura femenina latinoamericana (1874-1920): estrategias de inserción y comercialización editorial en Josefa Díaz y Zilda Gama
Authors: Sanoja Cáceres Ronald
Published: February 2025

A finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX, en el contexto de renovación espiritual que se vive en Occidente y que enmarca el auge de heterodoxias esotéricas, como el ocultismo o la teosofía, aparecen en la literatura latinoamericana una serie de obras vinculadas con prácticas espiritistas como la mediumnidad o la escritura psicográfica, caracterizadas por atribuir la autoría del texto no a quien escribe, sino a la voz de los espectros que dictan, en sesiones de “mesas parlantes”, poemas o relatos de la más diversa índole. Tal particularidad creadora es signo distintivo de obras como Flores del espiritismo, de la cubana Josefa Díaz, o Na sombra e na luz, de la brasileña Zilda Gama, textos que propician una serie de ambigüedades respecto a nociones teóricas clásicas, como la figura del autor. Pero más allá de sus influencias en el discurso literario, la mediumnidad finisecular, sobre todo en lo que se refiere a las médiums mujeres, parece operar de dos formas específicas en torno a los procesos editoriales de la época: por un lado, funciona como una estrategia de comercialización desde la que se fetichiza el talante de los textos publicados (independientemente de su calidad); por el otro, representa una especie de salvoconducto discursivo desde el que se pueden ofrecer sin censuras opiniones de carácter político o ideológico. Como se intentará demostrar con los casos de Josefa Díaz y Zilda Gama, la mediumnidad socava las inclinaciones discursivas de la literatura latinoamericana de entre siglos, al mismo tiempo que propicia un lugar de enunciación a partir del cual las escritoras pueden insertar sus obras en los mercados editoriales emergentes.
Experimentais e a distância
Authors: Santos Clarissa Tagliari , Sampaio Helena , Caseiro Luiz Carlos Zalaf
Published: February 2025

O artigo realiza um primeiro mapeamento de uma nova leva de cursos superiores no Brasil que a regulação denomina “experimentais”. Em diálogo com a literatura que identifica nas várias ondas de criação de cursos de graduação uma estratégia recorrente de expansão do ensino superior privado no País desde a década de 1970, o artigo apresenta as principais características dos cursos experimentais e o contexto de seu crescimento recente. Com base em dados descritivos do Censo da Educação Superior e em dados extraídos do cadastro de cursos disponibilizados no e-MEC, o estudo conclui que o fenômeno inscreve-se na estratégia maior das instituições de educação superior (IES) para diversificar a oferta de cursos de graduação com foco no atendimento de novas demandas da sociedade. A expansão desses cursos é concentrada, especialmente, no setor privado e na modalidade de educação a distância (EaD), seguindo duas direções: de um lado, a reedição de cursos de nível médio profissionalizantes em áreas gerencial e afins e, de outro, a emulação de cursos que evocam especializações acadêmicas em nível de pós-graduação (lato e stricto sensu). No setor público, observam-se nichos distintos de expansão dos cursos experimentais para as IES estaduais e federais.