bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Intraoperative Vasopressor Use in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lentine Brandon , Vaickus Max , Shewmaker Grant , Niu Ruijia , Son Sung Jun , Mustafa Wissam , Reist Hailee , Smith Eric L.
Published: August 2021

Preoperative optimization and protocols for joint replacement care pathways have led to decreased length of stay (LOS)and narcotic use, and are increasingly important in delivering quality, cost savings, and shifting appropriate cases to an outpatient setting. The intraoperative use of vasopressors is independently associated with increased LOS and risk of adverse postoperative events including death, and in total hip arthroplasty, there is an increased risk for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Our aim is to characterize the patient characteristics associated with vasopressor use specifically in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of a cohort of patients who underwent inpatient primary TKA at a single academic hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Demographics, comorbidities, perioperative factors, and intraoperative medication administration were compared with multivariate regression to identify patients who may require intraoperative vasopressors. Out of these, 748 patients underwent TKA, 439 patients required intraoperative vasopressors, while 307 did not. Significant independent predictors of vasopressor use were older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.08) and history of a prior cerebrovascular accident (CVA; OR = 11.80, CI: 1.48–93.81). While not significant, male sex (OR = 0.72, CI: 0.50–1.04) and regional anesthesia (OR = 0.64, CI: 0.40–1.05) were nearing significance as negative independent predictors of vasopressor use. In a secondary analysis, we did not observe an increase in complications attributable to vasopressor administration intraoperatively. In conclusion, nearly 59% of patients undergoing TKA received intraoperative vasopressor support. History of stroke and older age were significantly associated with increased intraoperative vasopressor use. As the first study to examine vasopressor usage in a TKA patient population, we believe that understanding the association between patient characteristics and intraoperative vasopressor support will help orthopaedic surgeons select the appropriate surgical setting during preoperative optimization.
Severe Asthma Patients Experience and Satisfaction with Virtual Clinics during COVID-19 Period
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ayaz , Rajkumar Rajendram , Hammadi Mohammad , Al-Gamedi Majed , Al-Harbi Abdullah , Al-Jahdali Hamdan
Published: August 2021

Background Enforced social distancing (i.e., lockdowns) greatly facilitated control of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). While access to hospitals was restricted, outpatient care continued remotely. The aim of this study was to determine the satisfaction of patients with severe asthma with telemedicine, and the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on severe asthma patients on biologics therapy.

Methods A cross-sectional survey of patients with severe asthma scheduled to receive biologic therapy at our hospital during the lockdown. The survey had sections about demographic data, asthma history, subjective perception of change in asthma control with biologic agent, the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on access to maintenance therapy for asthma, asthma exacerbation management, and satisfaction with telephone follow-up.

Results Fifty-four patients participated (response rate 93.1%; male 17; mean age 46.7 years). All had been on biologic therapy for over 3 months (mean 38.4 months ± standard deviation 26.5 months). Of the 45 patients living in Riyadh, 9 did not receive biologic therapy. Five of the nine patients living outside Riyadh did not receive biologic therapy. Alarmingly, 16 (29.6%) had insufficient medications, and 27 (50%) had difficulty obtaining medications. Fifty (92.6%) had telephone follow-up, 31 (57.4%) were satisfied with telemedicine.

Conclusion Many patients were satisfied with telemedicine, so this could be used to deliver routine outpatient tertiary care postpandemic. However, logistics around supplying medications and biologics must be considered in plans preparing for the second wave of COVID-19.
Linking Provider Specialty and Outpatient Diagnoses in Medicare Claims Data: Data Quality Implications
Authors: Huser Vojtech , Williams Nick D. , Mayer Craig S.
Published: August 2021

Background With increasing use of real world data in observational health care research, data quality assessment of these data is equally gaining in importance. Electronic health record (EHR) or claims datasets can differ significantly in the spectrum of care covered by the data.

Objective In our study, we link provider specialty with diagnoses (encoded in International Classification of Diseases) with a motivation to characterize data completeness.

Methods We develop a set of measures that determine diagnostic span of a specialty (how many distinct diagnosis codes are generated by a specialty) and specialty span of a diagnosis (how many specialties diagnose a given condition). We also analyze ranked lists for both measures. As use case, we apply these measures to outpatient Medicare claims data from 2016 (3.5 billion diagnosis–specialty pairs). We analyze 82 distinct specialties present in Medicare claims (using Medicare list of specialties derived from level III Healthcare Provider Taxonomy Codes).

Results A typical specialty diagnoses on average 4,046 distinct diagnosis codes. It can range from 33 codes for medical toxicology to 25,475 codes for internal medicine. Specialties with large visit volume tend to have large diagnostic span. Median specialty span of a diagnosis code is 8 specialties with a range from 1 to 82 specialties. In total, 13.5% of all observed diagnoses are generated exclusively by a single specialty. Quantitative cumulative rankings reveal that some diagnosis codes can be dominated by few specialties. Using such diagnoses in cohort or outcome definitions may thus be vulnerable to incomplete specialty coverage of a given dataset.

Conclusion We propose specialty fingerprinting as a method to assess data completeness component of data quality. Datasets covering a full spectrum of care can be used to generate reference benchmark data that can quantify relative importance of a specialty in constructing diagnostic history elements of computable phenotype definitions.
Observation of a highly conductive warm dense state of water with ultrafast pump–probe free-electron-laser measurements
Authors: Chen Z. , Na X. , Curry C. B. , Liang S. , French M. , Descamps A. , DePonte D. P. , Koralek J. D. , Kim J. B. , Lebovitz S. , Nakatsutsumi M. , Ofori-Okai B. K. , Redmer R. , Roedel C. , Schörner M. , Skruszewicz S. , Sperling P. , Toleikis S. , Mo M. Z. , Glenzer S. H.
Published: August 2021

The electrical conductivity of water under extreme temperatures and densities plays a central role in modeling planetary magnetic fields. Experimental data are vital to test theories of high-energy-density water and assess the possible development and presence of extraterrestrial life. These states are also important in biology and chemistry studies when specimens in water are confined and excited using ultrafast optical or free-electron lasers (FELs). Here we utilize femtosecond optical lasers to measure the transient reflection and transmission of ultrathin water sheet samples uniformly heated by a 13.6 nm FEL approaching a highly conducting state at electron temperatures exceeding 20 000 K. The experiment probes the trajectory of water through the high-energy-density phase space and provides insights into changes in the index of refraction, charge carrier densities, and AC electrical conductivity at optical frequencies. At excitation energy densities exceeding 10 MJ/kg, the index of refraction falls to n = 0.7, and the thermally excited free-carrier density reaches ne = 5 × 1027 m−3, which is over an order of magnitude higher than that of the electron carriers produced by direct photoionization. Significant specular reflection is observed owing to critical electron density shielding of electromagnetic waves. The measured optical conductivity reaches 2 × 104 S/m, a value that is one to two orders of magnitude lower than those of simple metals in a liquid state. At electron temperatures below 15 000 K, the experimental results agree well with the theoretical calculations using density-functional theory/molecular-dynamics simulations. With increasing temperature, the electron density increases and the system approaches a Fermi distribution. In this regime, the conductivities agree better with predictions from the Ziman theory of liquid metals.
The origin of the breathing mode in Hall thrusters and its stabilization
Authors: Lafleur T. , Chabert P. , Bourdon A.
Published: August 2021

Using both 0D and 1D fluid models, we revisit the formation of the breathing mode in Hall thrusters and show that it is an ionization instability associated with nonlinearity in the electron power absorption. As the plasma density increases, the axial electric field profile changes and the magnitude of the electric field is enhanced in the ionization zone. This causes a nonlinear increase in the power absorbed by electrons and an increase in the electron temperature and ionization rate factor that is able to partially compensate for the decreasing neutral density to keep the ionization rate high. This sets up a positive feedback mechanism where the electric field continues to be enhanced as the plasma density increases and, consequently, the neutral density needs to decrease even further before plasma growth can be halted. At this point, the neutral density is so low that the plasma can no longer be “sustained,” and time is needed for neutrals to refill the thruster channel before “reignition” can occur and the process repeated. By treating the breathing mode as an AC excitation, a carefully designed external circuit can be used to counteract the change in the axial electric field by appropriately varying the anode voltage to stabilize the discharge.
Particle filter algorithm based on geometric center and likelihood estimation
Authors: Fang Xing , Luo Yin , Wang Lei , Jiang ShuiBin , Xu Nan , Zeng Daniel Dajun
Published: August 2021

The improved particle filter (PF) based on the geometric center and likelihood estimation is proposed in order to solve the problem of particle dilution and degradation. In the resampling stage, the geometric center is used to resample the particles. The particles are filtered according to the distance between the particles and the geometric center, and then the particles are resampled. The resampled particles are composed of newborn particles and non-resampled particles. The former can help alleviate the degradation problem, while the latter can keep the diversity of the particle set. In order to ensure effectiveness of the PF, the positioning error threshold of the particle filter is introduced. In the phase of particle weighting calculation, in view of the problem of low accuracy and divergence of PF state estimation caused by non-stationary and non-Gaussian noise, it adopts non-Gaussian noise parameter estimation based on likelihood to approximately estimate the measurement noise instead of the Gaussian density function. The proposed model is applied to particle weight calculation to avoid particle degradation caused by Gaussian density function approximation. The simulation results show that, after the improved algorithm, the root-mean-square error is reduced to 0.085, the variance is reduced to 0.014, and the running time is shortened by 14.8% compared with the polynomial resampling algorithm, which can effectively alleviate particle degradation and dilution in the traditional PF algorithm, and the positioning accuracy is also improved.
Simulation of polymerization induced phase separation in model thermosets
Authors: Stevens Mark J.
Published: August 2021

Polymerization induced phase separation (PIPS) in a three component thermoset is studied using molecular dynamics simulations of a new coarse-grained thermoset model. The system includes two crosslinker molecules, which differ in their glass transition temperatures (Tg) and chain length and thus have the potential for phase separation. One crosslinker has a high Tg corresponding to a rubbery behavior, and simulations were performed for a short length (4 beads) and a long length (33 beads). The resin and other crosslinker have low Tg. A coarse-grained model is developed with these features and with interaction parameters determined so that for either rubbery crosslinker length, the system is in the liquid state at the cure temperature. For sufficiently slow reaction rates, the long rubbery molecule exhibits PIPS into a bicontinuous array of nanoscale domains, but the short one does not, reproducing recent experimental results. The simulations demonstrate that the reaction rates must be slow enough to allow diffusion to yield phase separation. Particularly, the reaction rate corresponding to the secondary amine must be very slow, else the structure of crosslinked clusters and the substantially increased diffusion time will prevent PIPS.
Ras-like Gem GTPase induced by Npas4 promotes activity-dependent neuronal tolerance for ischemic stroke
Authors: Takahashi Hiroo , Asahina Ryo , Fujioka Masayuki , Matsui Takeshi K. , Kato Shigeki , Mori Eiichiro , Hioki Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Tohru , Kobayashi Kazuto , Tsuboi Akio
Published: August 2021

Significance

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the most frequent cause of disability in adults. After stroke, most ischemic neurons die and a few neurons live, leading to brain dysfunction; yet, genes involved in both neuronal survival and death remain poorly understood. Here, we found that the activity-dependent transcription factor Npas4 is essential for acquisition of neuronal tolerance to ischemia. Moreover, a systematic search for Npas4-downstream genes identified
Gem
, which encodes Ras-related small GTPase that mediates neuroprotective effects of Npas4. Gem suppresses the membrane localization of voltage-gated Ca
2+
channels to inhibit excess Ca
2+
influx, thereby protecting neurons from excitotoxic death. Our findings suggest that Gem expression via Npas4 promotes neuroprotection and neuroplasticity in injured and healthy brains, respectively.
Cloud shadows drive vertical migrations of deep-dwelling marine life
Authors: Omand Melissa M. , Steinberg Deborah K. , Stamieszkin Karen
Published: August 2021

Significance

Our study provides evidence that, in addition to diel vertical migration, zooplankton residing at >300-m depth during the day perform high-frequency, vertical migrations due to light modulation by clouds. Using a water-following framework and measurements and modeling of the twilight zone light field, we isolated the detailed phototactic response and show that some twilight zone animals are considerably more active than previously thought, with a cumulative distance traveled of more than one-third of that for diel migration. The increased movement increases predation risk and has implications for the metabolic requirements of these animals in the food-limited deep sea.
Is ‘more’ really more?
Authors: Rothstein Björn , Staubach Katharina , Ripp Saskia , Waldeyer Julia , Roelle Julian
Published: August 2021

Starting from general problems of teaching grammar in the subject of German language as well as from basic
assumptions of so-called ‘more-is-more’ didactics, we discuss demands to continue teaching grammar after the eighth grade (in
Germany, that is the eighth year of school). We then present a quasi-experimental study which was carried out in
grades 8 to 12 with the same participants for the purpose of finding out whether providing additional and repeated grammar
teaching in the subject of German language even after the eighth grade results in improved and explicit long-term German grammar
knowledge. At least at one measurement time point during the study, N = 821 students from six different schools
were participating. As a crucial result it turned out that additional and repeated grammar teaching resulted in an improvement in
explicit grammar knowledge both during individual grades and across grades. These study results support the demands of
‘more-is-more’ didactics, they however require long-term assessment concerning a number of problems, which are discussed.
Circulating biomarkers associated with performance and resilience during military operational stress
Authors: Beckner Meaghan E. , Main Luana , Tait Jamie L. , Martin Brian J. , Conkright William R. , Nindl Bradley C.
Published: August 2021

Adaptation to military operational stress is a complex physiological response that calls upon the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and immune system, to create a delicate balance between anabolism and catabolism and meet the demands of an ever‐changing environment. As such, resilience, the ability to withstand and overcome the negative impact of stress on military performance, is likely grounded in an appropriate biological adaptation to encountered stressors. Neuroendocrine [i.e. cortisol, epinephrine (EPI), norepinephrine (NE), neuropeptide‐Y (NPY), and brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF)], inflammatory [i.e. interleukin 6 (IL‐6), IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α], as well as growth and anabolic [i.e. insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] biomarkers independently and interactively function in stress adaptations that are associated with a soldier's physical and psychological performance. In this narrative review, we detail biomarkers across neuroendocrine, inflammatory, and growth stimulating domains to better elucidate the biological basis of a resilient soldier. The findings from the reviewed studies indicate that military readiness and resiliency may be enhanced through better homeostatic control, better regulated inflammatory responses, and balanced anabolic/catabolic processes. It is unlikely that one class of biomarkers is better for assessing physiological resilience. Therefore, a biomarker panel that can account for appropriate balance across these domains may be superior in developing monitoring frameworks. Real‐time physiological monitoring to assess biomarkers associated with resilience will be possible pending more sophisticated technologies and provide a field‐expedient application for early identification and intervention of at‐risk soldiers to improve military resiliency.
Auto‐regulatory progressive training compared to linear programming on muscular strength, endurance, and body composition in recreationally active males
Authors: Ghobadi Hamid , Attarzadeh Hosseini Seyyed Reza , Rashidlamir Amir , Forbes Scott C.
Published: August 2021

We compared eight weeks of auto‐regulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) to linear programming resistance exercise (LPRE) on changes in muscular strength and endurance, anaerobic power, and body composition in recreationally active males. Twenty‐four recreationally active males (age: 24 ± 3 y; body mass: 78.3 ± 10.3 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: APRE (n = 12) and LPRE (n = 12). Both groups performed supervised training 3x/week for eight weeks Upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance, anaerobic power, and body composition were assessed at baseline, week 4, and 48 h after the final training session. Repeated measures ANOVA and hedge's g effect sizes (ES) were used to interpret the data. After training, there was a significant increase in absolute leg press (APRE: ES = 2.23; LPRE: ES = 1.35) and chest press strength (APRE: ES = 2.19; LPRE: ES = 0.98), upper (APRE: ES = 2.50; LPRE: ES = 1.074), and lower body peak power (APRE: ES = 0.78; LPRE: ES = 0.39), and upper (APRE: ES = 2.50; LPRE: ES = 1.60) and lower mean power (APRE: ES = 0.99; LPRE: ES = 0.54) over time in both groups compared to baseline. Following APRE, absolute leg press strength was significantly greater compared to LPRE (p = 0.04; ES = 2.41, ES = 1.36), while absolute chest press strength gains were similar between groups (p = 0.08; ES = 2.21, ES = 0.98). Skeletal muscle mass significantly increased similarly in both groups over time (APRE: ES = 0.46; LPRE: ES = 0.21), while there was no change over time or between groups for body fat %. APRE and LPRE were both effective at improving anaerobic power and skeletal muscle mass; however, APRE was more effective at improving lower body muscular strength in recreationally active males.
Transverse confinement of electron beams in a 2D optical lattice for compact coherent x-ray sources
Authors: Fallahi Arya , Kuster Niels , Novotny Lukas
Published: August 2021

Compact coherent x-ray sources have been the focus of extensive research efforts over the past decades. As a result, several novel schemes like optical and nano-undulators for generating x-ray emissions in ‘table-top’ setups are proposed, developed, and assessed. Despite the extensive efforts in the past decades, there exists no operational FEL based on optical or electromagnetic undulators. By combining the particle confinement capability of optical cavities with wiggling motion inside an optical undulator, this paper proposes a new concept for making a compact coherent x-ray source. The full-wave solution of first-principle equations based on finite-difference time-domain and particle-in-cell is performed to simulate inverse-Compton scattering (ICS) off both free and confined electrons. It is shown that the strong space-charge effect in a low-energy electron beam (5 MeV) is the main obstacle in acquiring coherent gain through the ICS mechanism with a 10 micrometer laser. Subsequently, it is shown that by confining the electron beam at the field nodes of an optical cavity, the space-charge effect is compensated, and additionally, the ultrahigh charge density enables high FEL-gain at confinement spots. The full-wave numerical simulations predict enhancement of about three orders of magnitude in the radiation efficiency when ICS is carried out with confined electrons compared to free electrons. These theoretical results show promising potential as a new scheme for implementing a compact coherent x-ray source.
Development of digital mathematics teaching materials in elementary schools using whiteboard animation for primary teacher education students STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau
Authors: Rijal A , Azimi A
Published: August 2021

The problems that arise in the world of education today include the low competence of teachers and lecturers in the era of education 4.0, namely developing teaching materials or digital material therefore a teacher or lecturer must have various skills including skills in developing the right digital mathematics teaching materials in elementary schools using whiteboard animation for primary teacher education students. This study aims to develop digital mathematics teaching materials in elementary schools using whiteboard animation for primary teacher education students for elementary school mathematics, whiteboard animation for elementary school teacher education students of STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau which has been tested valid and practical. This study uses a development research approach from the preliminary analysis stage, the design stage, and the assessment stage. The subjects of this study were students of the fifth semester of elementary school teacher education at STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, observation, or interviews. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive analysis that describes the validity and practicality. The research has a very valid teaching material product with a score of 95% and practical with an average score of 92.5%. Thus, the teaching materials in this study can be used because they have been declared valid and practical.
Computer-based learning: 3D visualization and animation as content development for digital learning materials for traditional Indonesian cloth (Songket Palembang)
Authors: Sari I P , Permana F C , Firmansyah F H , Hernawan A H
Published: August 2021

The animation is currently developing very rapidly, especially in 3D animation. Animated 3D visualization not only develops in the field of film, but also develops in digital-based learning such as interactive applications, presentation slides, e-books, and games, as well as supporting content for immersive technology, such as Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Mix Reality, and others. The development of 3D animation nowadays, but not accompanied by the use of animation as the delivery of information with local cultural content. The young generation’s lack of interest in local cultural arts is accompanied by a lack of digital learning materials and the delivery of interesting information for the younger generation. Therefore, the researcher aims to create 3D animated visualization assets that can motivate students to learn Indonesian cultural arts. Researchers applying the method Subdivision Surface, UV-mapping, 3d Painting, and walk cycle animation in the 3D visualization animation production process. The final result of this research is 3D Visualization and Animation as Content Development for Digital Learning Material for Indonesian Traditional Fabrics: Songket Palembang based on cloud for elementary school students.
A comparative study: Multimedia interactive use on contextual and cooperative approaches in increasing mathematical understanding
Authors: Nasrulloh I , Rahadian D , Hamdani N A , Imania K A N , Rikaldi P B R
Published: August 2021

Students’ abilities are not limited to just knowing the mathematics theory and concepts, but a deeper understanding needs to be had by students. The characteristic of contextual and cooperative approaches have distinct advantages. The study tries to quantify achieving contextual and cooperative approaches by using multimedia interactive in improving student math comprehension. Research shows increased student’s mathematics comprehension over contextual classes 0,71 in the high category and the cooperative class 0,38 in the moderate category. Increased mathematical understanding of students with classes uses a contextual approach higher than the class that uses a cooperative approach. The primary key of the contextual approach can link lesson materials with the real world or student experience. A cooperative approach requires students’ characteristics in high-level activity, learning skills, and great learning motivation.
Comic maker app for enjoyable learning
Authors: Rakhmayanti F
Published: August 2021

Learning in the current era also demands mastery of technology (technological literacy). Students and teachers need to take advantage of technology with various application in it to increase their creativity and quality of learning. Applications that can be used by students and teachers in learning, namely Comic Life and the Make Beliefs Comix application that free to used and accessed. This study applied by using the comic maker application. Furthermore, observation was made during the learning activity of students and teachers who used the app. The results are described in qualitative descriptive based on the observation. Comic maker app was able to elaborate and collaborate on some of the student’s abilities and knowledge at the same time. Then, this activity can be present into a work: visualization of images along with the story. In additional to attracted student and gave new spirit in learning, students are also increasingly skilled in operating computer device. Their language skill about selecting words and making sentences also can be trained. For the teachers, by using this application they can perform with more innovative and contemporary learning, not monotonous.
The development of motion comic storyboard based on digital literacy and elementary school mathematics ability in the new normal era during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Karlimah K , Hamdu G , Pratiwi V , Herdiansah H , Kurniawan D
Published: August 2021

In this Covid-19 pandemic situation, educators are demanded to quickly adapt to a new approach one of which in terms of preparing online learning media that is in line with learning objectives and is digital-based. Motion comics are digital comics that are modified so that the character appears to move on each page; thus, they become more interesting than conventional comics. For this reason, this RnD research was conducted in order to create a representative motion comic. One of the stages in the development of a motion comic is the stage of creating a storyboard. This article will discuss in more depth the stages of making a motion comic storyboard with the learning topic about fractions by paying attention to the principles of excellent educational learning media as well as the characteristics of elementary school students. There are several stages of making a storyboard including conducting research, creating the story, writing scripts, writing the screenplay, drawing characters, creating a design environment, and making a storyboard. This research involved teachers, elementary school mathematicians, IT experts, and elementary school students. This storyboard is a reference in developing a motion comic prototype about fractions to improve the math skills of elementary school students.
The effectiveness of the use of interactive multimedia on the initial mathematics abilities of low grade students in elementary schools
Authors: Suri D , Rachmadtullah R
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine how the effectiveness of the use of interactive multimedia on the initial low-grade mathematics ability in elementary schools. This research method uses a quantitative approach with experimental design, the sample in this study amounted to 40 low-grade students in elementary schools, the results of this study indicate that there is an effective early mathematics ability of low-grade elementary school students, because multimedia has attractiveness such as animated appearances, video appearances, so that students feel happy and interested in learning mathematics. Multimedia plays an important role in student motivation and students easily understand the basic material of elementary school mathematics concepts.
Correlation of self-efficacy on mathematical communication skills for prospective primary school teachers
Authors: Sumartini T S , Maryati I , Sritresna T
Published: August 2021

Self-efficacy and mathematical communication skills are important things for prospective mathematics teachers in elementary schools. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of self-efficacy on the mathematical communication skills of prospective mathematics teachers in elementary schools. The research method used a quasi-experimental with purposive sampling technique. The research sample was students majoring in Elementary School Teacher Education at the Institut Pendidikan Indonesia. The data was collected by giving written tests and questionnaires which were then analyzed using Spearman correlation. The results showed that there was a correlation between self-efficacy and mathematical communication skills of prospective elementary school teachers.
Application of GUI Matlab in physics: Planetary motion (Kepler’s Law)
Authors: Sari L , Guspita N , Srigutomo W , Amalia I F , Adimayuda R
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to create a teaching material using an application with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) provided on MATLAB. This teaching material is intended for Physics subject. Creating a GUI with MATLAB was made using the guide facility provided in MATLAB. The MATLAB GUI has a relatively small file size so that it can speed up the running program commands. This research aimed to create an application that is easy and effective to be used by users without having to understand the complexity of computing MATLAB. The application consists of a main menu, a GUI that can be run according to the materials needed by the users, as well as a menu to close the application. The physical matter contained in it is planetary motion (Kepler’s law). Physics learning materials that can be used as a reference in running the GUI program, e-modules containing procedures for creating the GUI by using MATLAB for learning, as well as the MATLAB source code used in every programming. For further research, the author expects the development of this study by using the e-module contained in the application as a material for creating GUI MATLAB.
The use of Talking Toys in reducing the cognitive loads of elementary school students in science learning
Authors: Nugraha W S , Suryaningrat E F , Widyaningsih Y I , Tetep T
Published: August 2021

This research aimed to reduce the intrinsic cognitive load of student in learning science subject by implementing Talking Toys media. The research conducted in one of the elementary school in Garut by using post-test only control group design. 60 student of class X become the sample of the research that divided into two Classes namely experimental and control class. Students intrinsic load was measured from students capacity in processing information. Data was obtained through essay test which compiled in the form of task complexity worksheet. Students learning result was measured by written test of their reasoning ability. The result shows that students who got treatment by talking toys media has higher ability in processing information compare to students who did not receive it. Research result illustrate that elementary school students intrinsic load while learning science subject in experimental class is lower than in control class. The low level of students intrinsic load has correlation with the high level of students learning result.
Ethnoscience-based science learning in elementary schools
Authors: Suryanti S , Prahani B K , Widodo W , Mintohari M , Istianah F , Julianto J , Yermiandhoko Y
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is rich in cultures encompassing the understanding of various values that must be learned by students. Learning based on a cultural perspective relating to natural phenomena in life is called ethnoscience. Surabaya as a metropolitan city has various cultures including Remo dance, batik, rujak cingur, lontong balap, fish preservation, and semanggi. There are many scientific concepts that can be explored through these cultures. This study aimed to explore scientific concepts through these cultures in elementary schools. This study used descriptive research design with transformative, verification, and knowledge conceptualization stages. Results showed that many scientific concepts extracted from ethnoscience, for instance in rujak cingur, were related to the concepts of friction force, healthy food, and physical and chemical changes. With ethnoscience-based science learning, students are expected to learn happily and master the science concepts easily.
A complex network framework for the efficiency and resilience trade-off in global food trade
Authors: Karakoc Deniz Berfin , Konar Megan
Published: August 2021

Global food trade is crucial for food security and availability. Trade is typically optimized to promote efficiency, whereas resilience is increasingly being recognized as another important objective. However, it is not clear if prioritizing resilience comes at the expense of efficiency or if the two objectives can be promoted simultaneously. We develop a complex network framework to assess the relationship between efficiency and resilience of food trade for the last half century. There is a competitive relationship between efficiency and resilience when only network topology is considered. However, a cooperative relationship between efficiency and resilience exists when the intensity of trade connections is accounted for. Policy makers can use this framework to evaluate the relationship between efficiency and resilience in critical supply chains.
The viability of Rhizopus microsporus APBSMLF19 on different substrates and its application as a starter culture in tempeh fermentation
Authors: Putri M K , Sari A M , Zaman M Z , Nursiwi A , Ishartani D , Lukitawesa
Published: August 2021

In addition to temperature and incubation time, inoculum is one of the key factors contributing to tempeh’s quality. At several regions in Java, usar, a traditional fungal inoculum obtained from teak leaves, is used for tempeh fermentation, however, there are some lacks in its application. Rice, cassava root and flour, as well as tapioca flour, were evaluated for their suitability as a substrate to support Rhizopus microsporus APBSMLF19 growth (fungi isolated from usar in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta). About 100 ml/kg of 107 CFU/ml fungi suspension were inoculated to each substrate and incubated at 30 °C for 48 hours. After dried at 50 °C for ± 20 hours and mashed, the fungi viability was observed on weeks 0, 1, 2, and 4 during storage. The result showed no significant difference in the fungi’s number based on storage time for each starter culture’s type, but the inoculum exhibited different viabilities. However, there were no differences in texture measurements for all tempeh produced by using experimental and commercial starter culture (RAPRIMA®). Increasing the culture’s storage time for viability test is required in future research.
Organic Vegetable Sustainability Strategies of Youth Farmer Groups
Authors: Suswadi  , Kartikasari Ratih Dwi , Harieni Setie
Published: August 2021

Sustainability simply focuses on meeting present needs, while considering future generations. Several organizations are passionate in providing adequate structures to drive this fundamental concept. In agriculture, youth farmer groups play a significant role in promoting sustainable technology adoption and innovation. Moreover, the success of these entities depends greatly on vital accomplishment as local institutions. This study was aimed at examining the internal and external factors influencing youth farmers’ performance and effective development strategies, using IFE, EFE, IE, and SWOT matrix. The results of internal factors showed the greatest contribution of human resources was dominated by productive youth farmers, while inadequate use of technology to disseminate information and promotion occurred as the major weakness. However, the outcomes of external factors reported an above average position, based on EFE matrix analysis, due to increased demand for organic vegetable products. Furthermore, the maximum threat faced by these persons is assuming agriculture as not a lucrative sector. Overall, the conditions of youth farmer groups demonstrated a robust importance in maximizing potential opportunities and minimizing the existing threats.
The Effect of Seaweed Extract (Sargassum sp.) on Growth and Yield Enhancement of Mustard Greens (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Yusuf R , Laude S , kurniawati T , Syakur A , Kalaba Y , Maemunah  , Ramli
Published: August 2021

This research aims to study the effect of applying various seaweed extract concentrations on mustard greens growth and yield (Brassica juncea L.). The study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture Screen House, University Tadulako Palu, and arranged using a randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments. These were, without seaweed extract (E0), as well as 20% (E1), 40% (E2), 60% (E3), 80% (E4), and 100% (E5) seaweed extract concentration. The experiment was repeated four times, thus, there were 24 experimental units. Subsequently, the data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Honest Real Difference at level 5%. The results showed seaweed extract with different concentrations significantly influenced plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight.
The effect of various vegetable oils in diets on the percentage of internal organ weights in local male ducks
Authors: Hadi R F , Sudiyono  , Wati A K , Rahmawati D
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of vegetable oils varieties in diets on the percentage of internal organ weights in 9 weeks old local male ducks. It was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) in a unidirectional pattern with 4 treatments and 6 replications, consisting of 6 ducks each. The treatments used include; P1: (96% basal ration + 4% palm oil); P2: (96% basal ration + 4% canola oil); P3: (96% basal ration + 4% coconut oil) and P4: (96% basal ration + 4% soybean oil). Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) while the, Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) was used to examine significant differences among treatments. The results showed that the percentage of intestinal weights indicated significant results (P < 0.05), while the percentage of heart weights, gizzard weight, intestine length, and percentage of caecum weight were not significant (P > 0.05). Based on the results, the addition of vegetable oils up to level 4% in the ration affect the percentage of intestinal weight. However, it had no effect on the percentage of internal organ weight and intestinal length.
The Effect of Phosphate Enhanced Organic Matter on Fertility and Productivity of Latosol Soil, Bogor Regency
Authors: Arifien Y , Sinurat J , Anggarawati S , Janah A
Published: August 2021

P fertilization and application of organic matter are some of the efforts to increase the P availability in the soil. The application of organic matter enriched with phosphate fertilizer increases the P-available in soil. This study therefore aims to determine the effect of applying organic matter enriched with phosphate fertilizer on several chemical properties as well as productivity of lowland rice fields in Bogor Regency. The study was conducted by UNB’s greenhouse and paddy fields in Darmaga, Kemang and Sukaraja Districts, Bogor Regency. Organic material in the form of cow dung with a dose of five levels was enriched with phosphate fertilizer in the form of H3PO4 in an equal dose, and incubated for 30 days. Subsequently, the phosphate enriched mixture with the best incubation result for fertility level was applied in the paddy fields. The results showed about 60 tons / ha of organic matter 225ppm P of Posfat fertilizer had optimum fertility after 30 days incubation, followed by 40 tons / ha of organic, enriched with the same dose of phosphate fertilizer. In addition, Latosol soil, Bogor Regency, where organic matter enriched with about 225ppm P of phosphate fertilizer in all locations had the same soil fertility and lowland rice productivity, meaning no significant difference was obtained using the same dosage of organic matter. Meanwhile, soil fertility in the form of pH, available CEC and P increased, as well as lowland rice productivity, increased with the application of organic matter (60 tons / ha).
Effect of Harvest Time on Soybean Seed Quality of Detap-1 Variety
Authors: Idaryani  , Rauf A W , Fattah A , Suriany
Published: August 2021

One of the factors responsible for the low soybean yield in Indonesia is low seed quality. Harvesting at the right time is an appropriate method for obtaining quality soybean seeds. Furthermore, harvest age can directly influence the physiological quality of seeds. This research aims to determine the effect of harvest time on the Detap-1 variety soybean seed quality. The experimental design was a randomized block (RBD) with variations in harvest time (R7, R8, R8 + 3, R8 + 6, R8 + 9, R8 + 12 days) as a factor. The observed data were then analyzed with the F test and the DNMRT test at a significance level of 5%. In addition, the variables observed were moisture content at harvest, seed germination and vigour, growth speed, the weight of 100 seeds and weight of seeds per pod. The results showed that the best quality seeds of soybean Detap-1 variety were obtained in the treatment where the harvest was in the R8 + 3-day phase.
Design and Performance Test of Steamer Cabinet for Fish Jelly Products
Authors: Widianto T N. , Wullandari P , Zulfia N , Novianto T D
Published: August 2021

There is need for a detailed assessment of raw material quality during product development. This study focuses on the performance test of steamer cabinet for fish jelly production. The machine was designed in rectangular shape with 46 cm length, 45 cm width, and 110 cm height, comprising steam generator, burner chamber, wall, tray, and channel. In addition, eight baking sheets were vertically incorporated. Performance test was performed to determine temperature distribution of fish jelly/nugget and individual shelves. This process was conducted with/without load conditions, where parameters, including room cabinet and fish nugget temperatures, as well as fuel usage efficiency, were observed. Furthermore, temperature measurements were also recorded at the top (T1), middle (T2 and T3) and bottom (T4) of the sample device. The results showed the room temperature of each tray was extended to 100 °C under 40 minutes. However, no significant heat change was reported, indicating the steam from the generator was evenly distributed. Furthermore, fish nugget temperature was obtained at 80°C in 40 minutes, where at the top (T1), middle (T2 and T3) and bottom of the steamer cabinet, relatively similar occurrences were observed. The resulting vapour was steadily spread across the steam channel to individual shelves. Therefore, the fuel usage efficiency of the steamer cabinet was estimated at 67 %.
Application of “Atung” (Parinarium glaberimum Hassk) Natural Preservative Towards the Quantity and Quality of Enzimatic Fish Sauce of Tuna Loin Production Waste in Parigi Wahai Village, North Seram, Central Maluku District
Authors: Moniharapon T , Pattipeilohy F , Sormin R B D
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of using Atung (Parinarium glaberimum Hassk) on the quantity and quality of the tuna sauce by using pineapple extract. Also, to determine the treatment that produces the best quality of fish sauce with the testing parameters, which consists of yield, protein content, density, viscosity, TPC and sensory. The research is based on a fully randomized design with fermentation of 2, 3, 4 days and a salt concentration of 15 and 20% respectively. The results of the fish sauce applied with atung showed that the duration of fermentation for 2-4 days and concentration of salt 15-20% provided significant difference in α0.05 on the yield, protein content, density, viscosity, TPC and sensory. The highest yield was applied with breath, with 3% salt and 2 days of fermentation, which was about 340%, protein 3.62%, density 1.16, viscosity 17.2 PaS and TPC 1.90 ×; 101 CFU / g or 2.355 (log X). These treatments have a sensory value when the smell has a value of 7.5, the taste has a value of 7.4 and the color has a value of 7.3. The fish sauce treatment is applied for 2 days, fermentation with 20% salt and selected as the treatment with the best product. The Atung treatment may produce the result of the fish sauce and a lower CPR than other treatment.
The kinetics of pesticides and UVC irradiation effect on the rate of shallot (Allium cepa var ascalonicum L. Back) seed quality change during storage
Authors: Siswanto N , Bintoro N , Karyadi JNW , Rahayoe S , Suryanti
Published: August 2021

During storage, shallot seed experiences a decreased quality in the form of weight loss and bulbs damage. Therefore, this study aims to examine the kinetics of pesticides and UVC irradiation effect on the rate of shallot seed bulb quality change during storage. Four different pesticide applications (control, systemic, contact and contact + systemic) and four levels of UVC irradiation time (control, 2, 7 and 12 hours) with 3 replications were used. After being treated, the selected shallot samples were stored for 90 days and continuously monitored. It was found that fungi increase followed first and zero orders with k values between −6 × 106 to 676.190. The damage and weight loss percentages followed zero-order with k values between −0.427 to −0.0233. The pesticides and UVC irradiation affected shallot quality, where the best treatment was systemic pesticides application combined with UVC irradiation for 7 hours. This led to 3.75 × 107 fungal spores (control 1.17 × 109), 1.59% bulbs damage (control 3.4%) and 10.12% weight loss (control 21.05%), with the value of k= −228.571, −0.0233, and −0.0978 as well as R2 = 0.3248, 0.8494, and 0.9924 respectively.