bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistical meta-analysis to investigate the association between the Interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene polymorphisms and cancer risk
Authors: Harun-Or-Roshid Md. , Ali Md. Borqat , Jesmin  , Mollah Md. Nurul Haque
Published: March 2021

A good number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including meta-analyses, reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-6 gene are significantly associated with various types of cancer risks, though some other studies reported insignificant association with cancers, in the literature. These contradictory results may be due to variations in sample sizes and/or deficiency of statistical modeling. Therefore, an attempt is made to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the association between the IL-6 gene SNPs (rs1800795, rs1800796, rs1800797) and different cancer risks, giving the weight on a large sample size, including different cancer types and appropriate statistical modeling with the meta-dataset. In order to attain a more reliable consensus decision about the association between the IL-6 gene polymorphisms and different cancer risks, in this study, we performed a multi-case statistical meta-analysis based on the collected information of 118 GWAS studies comprising of 50053 cases and 65204 control samples. Results from this Meta-analysis indicated a significant association (p-value < 0.05) of the IL-6 gene rs1800796 polymorphism with an overall increased cancer risk. The subgroup analysis data based on cancer types exhibited significant association (p-value < 0.05) of the rs1800795 polymorphism with an overall increased risk of cervical, liver and prostate cancers; the rs1800796 polymorphism with lung, prostate and stomach cancers; and the rs1800797 polymorphism with cervical cancer. The subgroup analysis of ethnicity data showed a significant association (p-value < 0.05) of an overall cancer risk with the rs1800795 polymorphism for the African and Asian populations, the rs1800796 polymorphism for the Asian only and the rs1800797 polymorphism in the African population. Comparative discussion showed that our multi-case meta-analyses received more support than any previously reported individual meta-analysis about the association between the IL-6 gene polymorphisms and cancer risks. Results from this study, more confidently showed that the IL-6 gene SNPs (rs1800795, rs1800796 and rs1800797) in humans are associated with increased cancer risks. Therefore, these three polymorphisms of the IL-6 gene have the potential to be evaluated as a population based rapid, low-cost PCR prognostic biomarkers for different types of cancers diagnosis and research.
Epidemiological and clinical burden of EGFR Exon 20 insertion in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic literature review
Authors: Burnett Heather , Emich Helena , Carroll Chris , Stapleton Naomi , Mahadevia Parthiv , Li Tracy
Published: March 2021

Objectives

The burden of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutation (Exon 20ins) in non-small cell lung cancer is not well understood. A systematic review was conducted to identify evidence on mutation frequency, prognostic impact, clinical, patient-reported, and economic outcomes associated with Exon 20ins.

Materials and methods

Searches were conducted in Embase and Medline and supplemented with recent conference proceedings. Included studies were not limited by intervention, geography, or publication year.

Results

Seventy-eight unique studies were included; 53 reporting mutation frequency, 13 prognostic impact, 36 clinical outcomes, and one humanistic burden. No economic burden data were identified. The frequency of Exon 20ins mutation ranged from 0.1% to 4% of all NSCLC cases and 1% to 12% of allEGFRmutations. Data on the prognostic impact of Exon 20ins were heterogeneous but highlighted poorer outcomes in patients with Exon 20ins mutation compared with patients with otherEGFRmutations andEGFRwildtype across a wide range of therapies and treatment lines. Comparative evidence on the clinical efficacy and safety of currently available therapies were limited, as were sample sizes of studies reporting on real-world effectiveness. Nine single-arm trials and 27 observational studies reported clinical outcomes for patients with Exon 20ins. Trends towards better survival and response were observed for chemotherapy compared with TKIs as first-line treatments. For subsequent treatment lines, novel targeted therapies provided encouraging preliminary responses while results for chemotherapy were less favorable. Limited safety data were reported. One conference abstract described the symptom burden for Exon 20ins patients with fatigue and pain being most common.

Conclusion

Findings of the systematic review show a high unmet need for safe and efficacious treatments for patients with Exon 20ins as well and need for further evidence generation to better understand the patient-level and economic impact for these patients.
Incidence and surgical care of retinal detachment during the first SARS-CoV-2 lockdown period at a tertiary referral center in Austria
Authors: Schranz Markus , Georgopoulos Michael , Sacu Stefan , Reumueller Adrian , Reiter Gregor S. , Mylonas Georgios , Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Pollreisz Andreas
Published: March 2021

Purpose

To assess the influence of the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in spring on frequency, severity and quality of care of rhegmatogeneous retinal detachments (RRD) in a tertiary referral center in Vienna, Austria.

Methods

Single center, consecutive case series with historical controls. Patients presenting with primary RRD during the first Austrian SARS-CoV-2 lockdown (March 16th–May 3rd 2020) and a corresponding control group consisting of the same time period of the preceding 3 years.

Results

The mean number of patients with RD in the reference group (RG) was 22 (± 1) and in the lockdown group (LG) 15. Median total delay, defined as onset of symptoms until surgery, in the RG was 5 (lower quartile: 3.0; upper quartile: 8.0) compared to 7 (3.0; 12.0) days in the LG, (p = 0.740). During the lockdown 67% of patients were referred from an external ophthalmologist compared to 52% in the RG, (p = 0.395). 34% of patients in the RG presented with an attached macula compared to 33% in the LG (p = 0.597). PVR was present in 49% of cases in the RG compared to 73% in the LG. Single surgery success (SSS) rates were lower in the LG (73.3%) compared to the RG (85.3%), (p = 0.275).

Conclusion

Patients with RRD during the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown presented and were treated within acceptable time limits, showed the same macula-on ratios but a higher PVR rate and a tendency towards worse SSS rates compared to the time period of the preceding 3 years.
Proposed cut-off points for anthropometric and bioelectrical measures based on overweight and obesity criteria in Spanish institutionalised elderly people
Authors: Alvero-Cruz Jose Ramon , Fernandez Vazquez Rosalia , Martinez Blanco Javier , Rosety Ignacio , Diaz Antonio Jesus , Rosety Miguel Angel , Rosety-Rodriguez Manuel , Ordonez Francisco Javier
Published: March 2021

The increasing prevalence of obesity among the institutionalised elderly population and its severe consequences on health requires an early and accurate diagnosis that can be easily achieved in any clinical setting. This study aimed to determine new cut-off values for anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measures that are superior to body mass index criteria for overweight and obesity status in a sample of Spanish institutionalised elderly population. A total of 211 institutionalised older adults (132 women, aged 84.3±7.3 years; 79 men, aged 81.5±7.3 years) were enrolled in the current cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measures included the body mass index, waist circumference, gluteal circumference, waist-hip ratio, sagittal-abdominal diameter, trunk fat, and visceral-fat ratio. In women, the waist circumference, gluteal circumference, sagittal-abdominal diameter, trunk fat, and visceral-fat index presented strongly significant specificity and sensitivity (area under the curve [AUC], p<0.0001) and elevated discriminative values (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curves: 0.827 to 0.867) for overweight and obesity status. In men, the waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, gluteal circumference, sagittal-abdominal diameter, trunk fat, and visceral-fat ratio were strongly significant AUC (p<0.0001), with moderate-to-high values (ROC curves: 0.757–0.871). In conclusion, our findings suggest that gluteal circumference, waist circumference, and sagittal-abdominal diameter in women and trunk fat, visceral-fat ratio, and waist circumference in men may represent more suitable cut-off values superior to body mass index criteria for overweight and obesity in the Spanish institutionalised elderly population.
Type I IFNs facilitate innate immune control of the opportunistic bacteria Burkholderia cenocepacia in the macrophage cytosol
Authors: Dorrington Michael G. , Bradfield Clinton J. , Lack Justin B. , Lin Bin , Liang Jonathan J. , Starr Tregei , Ernst Orna , Gross Julia L. , Sun Jing , Miller Alexandra H. , Steele-Mortimer Olivia , Fraser Iain D. C.
Published: March 2021

The mammalian immune system is constantly challenged by signals from both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes. Many of these non-pathogenic microbes have pathogenic potential if the immune system is compromised. The importance of type I interferons (IFNs) in orchestrating innate immune responses to pathogenic microbes has become clear in recent years. However, the control of opportunistic pathogens–and especially intracellular bacteria–by type I IFNs remains less appreciated. In this study, we use the opportunistic, Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia (Bc) to show that type I IFNs are capable of limiting bacterial replication in macrophages, preventing illness in immunocompetent mice. Sustained type I IFN signaling through cytosolic receptors allows for increased expression of autophagy and linear ubiquitination mediators, which slows bacterial replication. Transcriptomic analyses and in vivo studies also show that LPS stimulation does not replicate the conditions of intracellular Gram-negative bacterial infection as it pertains to type I IFN stimulation or signaling. This study highlights the importance of type I IFNs in protection against opportunistic pathogens through innate immunity, without the need for damaging inflammatory responses.
#BlackRepresentationsMatter: Viewing digital activism through symbology
Authors: Shealey Alaundra
Published: March 2021

Digital activism has become a new and pervasive way by which today’s diverse youth synthesize agency from virtually anywhere. While there are criticisms that the digital infrastructure constructs pseudo-mobilization, the purpose of this article is to refute this belief, showing that online practices can manifest themselves in physical agency. It aims to show that customers can dictate the narrative that they want and appreciate about their identities and will seek out products that reflect the type of individual they believe they are. This aligns with the postmodern view of rejecting a metanarrative and creating discourses that are not one-size-fits-all concerning Black community(ies).
Modelo comunitario de convivencia en educación primaria
Authors: Carbonell Sevilla Sara , Cantero Rodríguez Nuria , Navarro Sánchez Maria , Melgar Alcantud Patricia
Published: March 2021

Las escuelas que son comunidades de aprendizaje trabajan por la superación de la violencia de género siguiendo la línea de socialización preventiva y desarrollando el modelo dialógico de resolución de conflictos. En este artículo, a través de la realización de un estudio de caso en un aula de segundo de primaria, identificamos algunas de las interacciones sociales que están contribuyendo a afrontar situaciones de violencia que ocurren en la escuela, así como transformar las relaciones entre el alumnado. Estas interacciones han sido reflexionadas en el marco de las tertulias literarias dialógicas. Su análisis ha puesto de relieve, como estrategias efectivas para la mejora de la convivencia en las escuelas, romper el silencio frente a la violencia y potenciar la implicación de todo el alumnado en su denuncia y abordaje.
Bonnie and Clyde Revisited: A Conceptual Model of the Behavior of the Instigators of the GameStop Short Squeeze of 2021
Authors: Samsa Greg
Published: March 2021

The efficient market hypothesis assumes that investors act independently, but social-media-enabled behavior among amateur investors demonstrably violates this assumption.  This was dramatically illustrated by a recent short squeeze in the shares of GameStop.  By analogy with conceptual models in the behavioral sciences, we outline a conceptual model attempting to explain the behavior of the participants, and explore some of the implications of this conceptual model for investors.  This case study illustrates a systematic inefficiency in option pricing which only become apparent when extreme market conditions are encountered.  Although the cognitive biases of amateur investors are of little importance for understanding stock prices, this is a special case where their cognitive biases do matter.
Concerning the latent content of psychoanalytic concepts: Some con-jectures
Authors: Zepf Siegfried , Seel Dietmar
Published: March 2021

Many psychoanalysts understand their concepts as metaphors, yet they do not question what is expressed metaphorically in these concepts. Based on the view that the real cognitive subject is society and the cognizing individual is their individual existence, the authors show by means of some of these concepts that such metaphors are mystified expressions of the socially unconscious as described by Marx & Engels.
Comparison of Algorithms of Individual and Group Behavior
Authors: Kopsov Igor
Published: March 2021

It has been suggested that the functionality of matter, life, and mind can be described by algorithms containing a sequence of steps and feedback mechanisms. Social processes were until now not considered. Consequently, we examine algorithms of behavior of groups of various kinds, identify their common parameters, and undertake a comparative analysis to the algorithm of individual behavior. We conclude, that despite some application-specific differences, groups operate in accordance with a unified algorithm and, furthermore, this algorithm is the same as the generic algorithm of individual behavior. We demonstrate that in the generally perceived progression matter-life-mind-culture/society, the latter transition cannot be validated. Homogeneity of algorithms of individual and group behavior leads to the proposition that the human mind/psyche and social processes belong to the same level of complexity of nature. This challenges the commonly held perception that society/culture is a standalone perspective of reality separate from the mind.
Singularity analysis and analytic solutions for the Benney–Gjevik equations
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos , Leon Genly , Leach P. G. L.
Published: March 2021

We apply the Painlevé test for the Benney and the Benney–Gjevik equations, which describe waves in falling liquids. We prove that these two nonlinear 1 + 1 evolution equations pass the singularity test for the travelling-wave solutions. The algebraic solutions in terms of Laurent expansions are presented.
Thermo-Responsive Shape Memory Behavior of Methyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber/Olefin Block Copolymer Blends via Co-Crosslinking
Authors: Ren Q. , Wang X. J. , Zhao Y. Q. , Xu L. Q. , Yu H. W. , Ma A. J. , Zheng W. G.
Published: March 2021

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are developed by blending and cross-linking polymers which include crystalline domains and cross-linked networks. In this paper, we describe the morphology, thermal and shape memory behavior of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVMQ)/olefin block copolymer (OBC) blends prepared by a melt-blending and chemical cross-linking method. MVMQ without crystalline domains could not hold its temporary shape. After introducing the OBC, the obtained blends exhibited excellent dual shape memory properties. The cross-linking networks of MVMQ acted as reversible domains, while crystalline regions of OBC worked as fixed domains. When the blending ratio of MVMQ/OBC was 50/ 50, the blend had both a high shape fixity ratio and shape recovery ratio.
The Effect of Silica Nanofiller on the Physical and Thermal Characteristics of Rubber-Based Composites
Authors: Chelli A. , Hemmouche L. , Ait-Sadi H. , Trache D. , Benziane M. , Ait-Sadi R.
Published: March 2021

The use of nano composites in elastomer blends gives outstanding mechanical properties compared to the use of micro and macro composites, even with very low nano filler content. In this paper, we studied the influence of varying proportions of natural rubber (NR) and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) reinforced with nano silica on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of the rubber. Mechanical characterizations were carried out with hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength, modulus and toughness. For thermal analyses, we used differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). In most cases, the increase in the percentage of NBR with the presence of nano silica enhances hardness, modulus and toughness, however, it reduces tensile strength, tear strength and elongation at break. It was found that nano silica has a catalytic effect on the mixture, and NBR has a catalytic effect on the decomposition of NR.
Examensklausur Aktien- und Kapitalmarktrecht
Authors: Nazari-Khanachayi Arian , Kohler Julia Rebecca
Published: March 2021

Börsennotierte Aktiengesellschaft – vereinfachter Bezugsrechtsausschluss beim Ausnutzen des genehmigten Kapitals – Feststellungsklage gegen das Verwaltungshandeln – rechtzeitige Klageerhebung – Gleichbehandlungsgrundsatz
Separation of bio-products by liquid–liquid extraction
Authors: Antony Fiona Mary , Pal Dharm , Wasewar Kailas
Published: March 2021

Solvent extraction one of the oldest approaches of separation known, remains one of the most well-known methods operating on an industrial scale. With the availability of variety of solvents as well as commercial equipment, liquid–liquid extractions finds applications in fields like chemicals and bio-products, food, polymer, pharmaceutical industry etc. Liquid–liquid extraction process is particularly suitable for biorefinery process (through conversion using microorganisms), featuring mild operational conditions and ease of control of process. The principles, types, equipment and applications of liquid–liquid extraction for bioproducts are discussed. Currently various intensification techniques are being applied in the field of liquid–liquid extraction for improving the process efficiency like hybrid processes, reactive extraction, use of ionic liquids etc, which are gaining importance due to the cost associated with the downstream processing of the fermentation products (20–50% of total production cost).
Chopin's Album Leaves and the Aesthetics of Musical Album Inscription
Authors: Goldberg Halina
Published: March 2021

During the nineteenth century, major composers—such as Schubert, Schumann, Wieck Schumann, Mendelssohn, Mendelssohn Hensel, Liszt, and Chopin—contributed musical compositions to a kind of volume known as a friendship album (also keepsake album, album amicorum, or Stammbüch). Album inscriptions penned by Fryderyk Chopin provide a lens through which we can study these compositions, thereby gaining an understanding of the ways in which musical meaning, genre, and text were governed by conventions of gift exchange. Complete compositions, musical fragments, and performative flourishes left in albums by music lovers as well as professional composers and performers took on the function of secular relics that were understood to preserve metaphysical traces of the inscribers, while handwriting was believed to represent the writer's character or momentary state of mind. These ideas intersect with a broader Romantic culture of collectorship. To invoke experiences and memories shared by the inscriber and the dedicatee, some composers engaged in dialogic relationships with mementos inscribed by others or employed intertextual references. An examination of these forms of interplay adds to our knowledge of the way context can shape the use and meaning of musical borrowing and allusion. The authors of inscriptions also employed intrinsically musical vocabulary to impart the sense distortions that neuroscientists and scholars of memory describe as typical of a recalled experience. Moreover, albums provided a censorship-free private venue for political and national discourses. These musical texts constitute a separate class of presentation manuscripts that serve a specific social function and audience.
An unusual case of struma ovarii
Authors: Koehler Viktoria F , Keller Patrick , Waldmann Elisa , Schwenk Nathalie , Kitzberger Carolin , Schmohl Kathrin A , Knösel Thomas , Stief Christian Georg , Spitzweg Christine
Published: March 2021

Struma ovarii is a teratoma of the ovaries predominantly composed of thyroid tissue. Hyperthyroidism associated with struma ovarii is rare, occurring in approximately 8% of cases. Due to the rarity of struma ovarii, available data are limited to case reports and small case series.We report on a 61-year-old female patient with known Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on levothyroxine replacement therapy for years with transition to clinical and biochemical hyperthyroidism despite antithyroid medication with carbimazole (10 mg/day), new diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma and an adnexal mass suspicious of ovarian cancer. The patient underwent resection of the adnexal mass and histopathology revealed a mature teratoma predominantly composed of thyroid tissue showing high levels of sodium iodide symporter protein expression. Following struma ovarii resection and disappearance of autonomous production of thyroid hormones, the patient developed hypothyroidism with severely decreased thyroid hormone levels fT4 and fT3 (fT4 0.4 ng/dL, reference interval 0.9–1.7 and fT3 < 1.0 pg/mL, reference interval 2.0–4.4). This has previously been masked by continued thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression due to long-term hyperthyroidism pre-surgery indicating secondary hypothyroidism, in addition to primary hypothyroidism based on the known co-existing chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis of the orthotopic thyroid gland. Levothyroxine administration was started immediately restoring euthyroidism.This case illustrates possible diagnostic pitfalls in a patient with two concurrent causes of abnormal thyroid function.

Learning points:

Struma ovarii is an ovarian tumor containing either entirely or predominantly thyroid tissue and accounts for approximately 5% of all ovarian teratomas.

In rare cases, both benign and malignant struma ovarii can secrete thyroid hormones, causing clinical and biochemical features of hyperthyroidism.

Biochemical features of patients with struma ovarii and hyperthyroidism are similar to those of patients with primary hyperthyroidism. In such cases, thyroid scintigraphy should reveal low or absent radioiodine uptake in the thyroid gland, but the presence of radioiodine uptake in the pelvis in a whole body radioiodine scintigraphy.

We give advice on possible diagnostic pitfalls in a case with two simultaneous causes of abnormal thyroid function due to the co-existence of struma ovarii.
Evaluation of the association between natural mold resistance and chemical components of nine wood species
Authors: Feng Jing , Li Chengbin , Chen Juan , Chen Mingjie , Shu Xiulin , Shi Qingshan
Published: March 2021

The association between natural mold resistance and the wood’s chemical components was studied for nine wood species. The mold resistance of the different wood species was tested by artificially accelerated tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results indicated that the sequence of mold resistance of different wood flours was as follows, from greatest to least resistance: spruce, Mongolian pine and camphor, toon and teak, eucalyptus (E. urophylla and E. grandis × E. urophylla), sweetgum, and castor straw fiber. GC-MS analysis indicated that the total contents of the antifungal compounds present in all wood flour extractives were consistent with the sequence of mold resistance of wood flour. This suggested that the natural durability of wood flour against molds was affected by its chemical components.
High-value utilization of citrus peel: Efficient extraction of essential oil and preparation of activated carbon
Authors: Weng Jie , Wei Mi-Mi , Wu Shao-Ji , Liu Yun-Quan , Li Shui-Rong , Ye Yue-Yuan , Wang Meng , Wang Duo
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the high-value utilization of citrus peel waste, in which potassium carbonate (K2CO3) was used to assist the extraction of essential oils and served as the activating agent for the further preparation of activated carbons. A common alkali metal salt, K2CO3, was confirmed to be effective in promoting the extraction of essential oils from citrus peel. Compared to the 2.4 wt% extraction rate of essential oils obtained using regular steam distillation, a 6.2 wt% extraction rate was achieved when the citrus peel was pretreated with a K2CO3 solution. Meanwhile, its chemical composition remained stable, indicating that these additional essential oils can also be directly used in areas that have already been developed in the perfume industry. The solid residue collected after essential oil extraction was further used as the precursor for activated carbons. The specific surface area of activated carbons reached up to 1846 m2/g at a carbonization temperature of 800 ºC, and it exhibited a highly developed microporous structure.
„Establishment of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth” – a philological commentary to the 1569 Union of Lublin act
Authors: Dubisz Stanisław
Published: March 2021

The Union signed at the Sejm of 1569 in Lublin established common institutions for the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, creating the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth which lasted till 1795. Apart from the monarch elected by the nobility of both states, it established a common legislature (Sejm), foreign and defense policy and currency. The armies, treasuries, law systems, state offices and judiciaries remained separate. The philological aspects important of the characterization of the Union comprise of the fact it was written in Polish and it’s stylistic affilation, the document’s signatories name form diversity, the way the text is composed and official and rhetoric style determinants included, which imply both informative and persuasive functions.
Marian Zdziechowski and the Russian students at the Stefan Batory University in Wilno
Authors: Lavrinec Pavel
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between Professor Marian Zdziechowski and the students of Russian nationality at the Polish University of Stefan Batory. This scientist and thinker was the curator of the Russian Student Union and the student corporation “Ruthenia Vilnensis”. Zdziechowski’s participation in the activities of Russian student organizations and involvement in the fate of individual students is explored in the context of the scholar’s attention to Russian religious philosophy and his goodwill towards the Russian emigrates and minorities in Poland, and the rejection of communism. The main research material consisted of archival documents and publications in Vilnius interwar periodical press in Polish and Russian. The study showed that Zdziechowski was an ideological leader, a highest authority and a role model for Russian students in Wilno.
Letters of Remigian Korwin Kossakowski (Remigijus Korvin Kosakovskis 1730–1780) in the Vilnius University Library
Authors: Girininkaitė Veronika
Published: March 2021

In this article it is aimed to tell about a person, which was unduly forgotten in the history of the Vilnius University, though among his other activities, he did a lot to support and help the astronomers, coming to Paris and London from Vilnius. A former jesuit, talented preacher, professor of Rhetorics and other disciplines in Vilnius academy, Remigian Korwin Kossakowski (1730–1780) wrote a lot of letters to Vilnius (and perhaps to Warsaw too), from 1774 on, while working in Paris as the representative of the National Comission of Education of the Commonwealth of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The letters which are kept in Vilnius university library, mainly addressed to the astronomers Marcin Poczobut and Andrzej Strzecki (1737–1797) are mainly connected with the scientific journey of Strzecki in 1778 to Paris and London and the circumstances of election of Poczobut as a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris. Letters are filled with digressions, reminding of gawenda literary genre, providing the researcher with data on the details of everyday life in the second half of XVIII century, political and ideological views of the addressee, his nostalgy for the Grand Duchy and Poland and his exceptional gift of expressing his feelings. The style of these letters show us that the human who wrote them was well educated, highly critical, curious and well-spoken, and the contents testify the not so well known side of the history of science relations between Vilnius, Warsaw and Paris.
Vilnius and Polock. Two centers of Polish culture on the threshold of the 19th century
Authors: Romanowski Andrzej
Published: March 2021

At the beginning of 19th century Vilnius and Polock were the only towns on the territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania in which Polish publications, newspapers, theatres and high schools existed. Enlightenment ideas and liberal trends played an important part in the Vilnius community. On the contrary, ideological climate in Polock was created by Jesuits – the order dissolved by the Pope, but existing in the Russian territory. The Author indicates the differences between these two communities and also draws attention to Lithuanian poems written in Vilnius by Antanas Strazdas and Byelorussian poems written there in the Philomaths community by Jan Czeczot. He also considers how big was the influence of Polock environment on the literary activities and attitude of Jan Barszczewski, a student of Polock college and future leading representative of Polish-Byelorussian literary borderland.
Trakai Castle Court Acts of 1660–1661: Typological and Language Characteristics
Authors: Ušinskienė Viktorija
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with the local court records of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) from the collection of Vilnius University. The study of Trakai Castle Court documentation of 1660‒1661 (F7–TPT, 1660‒1661) allows us to conclude that the chancery work in local courts in the GDL was highly developed at the time. The system of documents’ drawing up and registering was clearly regulated and structured, taking into account the needs of state and public life. Almost all types of court records were composed according to well-defined canons, owing to which we can speak about certain genres of legal documentation that had developed apparently by the end of the 16th and the middle of the 17th centuries. The manuscript written in Polish and Ruthenian languages is important for research of Lithuanian, Polish and Byelorussian history. The abundance of accumulated information enables us to consider it as unique reference book that reflects changing sociolinguistic situation of the GDL. From the middle of the 17th century, Polish starts to significantly dominate in legal documentation, thus forces Ruthenian out of court by the end of the century.
Características de personalidad, hábitos alimentarios y diagnóstico nutricional. Estudio en adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad en Monteros, Argentina
Authors: Fernández Noelia Natalia , Lacunza Ana Betina
Published: March 2021

Objetivo Identificar las relaciones entre las características de personalidad, los hábitos alimentarios y el diagnóstico nutricional de adolescentes escolarizados de Monteros, Tucumán, Argentina.Material y Método Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, comparativo transversal, con una muestra no probabilística de 172 adolescentes (edad promedio = 13,5 ± 1,0). Se tomaron mediciones individuales de peso y talla para calcular el índice de masa corporal y dividirlos en dos grupos: clínico (sobrepesos/obesos) y control (peso normal). Además, se les aplicó un cuestionario de personalidad y un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos adaptado para el presente estudio.Resultados El 41,9% de los adolescentes presentaban sobrepeso, obesidad y obesidad mórbida. La frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y los hábitos alimentarios fueron adecuados en ambos grupos, mientras que la actividad física y estilo de vida fueron poco adecuados en el grupo control y adecuado en el grupo clínico. Se encontraron asociaciones estadísticas bajas entre los rasgos de personalidad, los hábitos alimentarios y la actividad física y estilo de vida; mientras que no se pudo comprobar la relación entre la personalidad, el diagnóstico nutricional y la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos.Conclusión Los resultados evidenciaron un importante aumento de sobrepeso y obesidad respecto a estudios locales previos como la vinculación entre los rasgos de personalidad, los hábitos alimentarios y la actividad física y estilo de vida.
Riesgos, contaminación y prevención frente al COVID-19 en el quehacer odontológico: una revisión
Authors: Herrera-Plasencia Paul Martin , Enoki-Miñano Erika Raquel , Ruiz-Barrueto Miguel Angel
Published: March 2021

Introducción En abril del 2020, la pandemia del COVID-19 ha causado más de un millón de contagios y 54 600 muertes a nivel mundial. El contagio del SARS-CoV-2 es rápido y su transmisión se da a través de gotas de saliva. De allí su importancia en la odontología.Objetivo Identificar los principales riesgos, vías de transmisión y medidas de prevención frente al COVID-19.Métodos Se realizó una revisión de literatura científica de los últimos dos años sobre el tema, en las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar y Research Gate. Los descriptores utilizados fueron los siguientes: “coronavirus”, “COVID-19”, “dental”, “dentistry”, “oral”, “stomatology” y “aerosol”. Se encontraron 350 artículos, de lo que se seleccionaron 50 por su actualidad, relación y enfoque. La transmisión del COVID-19 se da principalmente a través de gotas de saliva, aerosoles y fómites. El virus puede subsistir por un tiempo en el ambiente y en las superficies. Los odontólogos son trabajadores de la salud con peligro de contagiarse debido que varios de sus procedimientos liberan aerosoles. La bioseguridad en el ejercicio de esta profesión debe ser estricta y extrema, también la limpieza y desinfección del ambiente y superficies de contacto.Conclusiones En la profesión odontológica el riesgo potencial de contaminación entre operados, asistentes y pacientes es alto. El conocimiento del agente causal y de la enfermedad permitirá reducir la posibilidad de contagio. El odontólogo debe considerar a los pacientes como sospechosos de COVID-19 y aplicar la bioseguridad a todo nivel.
Rurality as an analytic category: implications for public health
Authors: Montoya-Sanabria Sandra-Milena
Published: March 2021

Rurality as a concept was originated within the framework of the migration phenomena of the nineteenth century. During the post-war period, a dichotomic approach was established for this concept, along with the emerging notion of growth, which influenced the economic models of multiple countries worldwide. However, during the last 50 years, the rurality concept acquired a polysemic nature. Thus, the main objective of this article is analyzing several definitions of rurality from the perspective of some subdisciplines of the social sciences and their lines of thought to evaluate their implications for public health within different contexts.
Inserção profissional da/o psicóloga/o escolar em Instituições Públicas do Piauí: Georreferenciamento e políticas educacionais
Authors: Negreiros Fauston , Araújo da Silva Rafaela Brenda , Rocha Janaina Oliveira , Fonseca Thaisa Da Silva , Carvalho Leilanir De Sousa , Oliveira Fernanda Maria de
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de identificar e georreferenciar a inserção da/o psicóloga/o escolar em instituições públicas de ensino – de âmbito municipal, estadual e federal – junto às políticas públicas educacionais no estado do Piauí. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados como instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico, formulário de análise documental, formulário de políticas públicas e roteiro de entrevistas. A pesquisa contou com a participação de 72 psicólogas/os atuantes em instituições públicas de ensino. O perfil do participante compôs-se predominantemente por profissionais do sexo feminino (84,7%) com média de idade de 35-59 anos, distribuídas/os em 21 municípios piauienses, sendo a maioria atuante na capital do estado, Teresina. Em relação à atuação das/os psicólogas/os em políticas públicas educacionais, os resultados apontam para a inserção nos seguintes perfis de políticas: Políticas de Melhoramento da Educação (60,9%), Políticas para a Educação Inclusiva (15,6%), Políticas de Formação de Professores (9,4%), Políticas Intersetoriais (6,3%), Políticas de Formação e Atuação da/o Psicóloga/o Escolar (4,7%), Políticas de Atendimento à Diversidade (3,1%). Em suma, pôde-se identificar a massiva inserção da/do profissional da psicologia escolar nas regiões mais abastadas e próximas à capital do referido estado, bem como a sua maior articulação com as políticas que objetivam a melhoria da qualidade da educação, tanto em relação ao acesso e permanência, quanto ao enfrentamento de problemas no processo de escolarização.
Ética e moral na escola: o que os documentos regulares dizem a respeito?
Authors: Deolindo Karina Luciane Silva , Caetano Luciana Maria , Veiga Betânia  Alves
Published: March 2021

Objetiva-se identificar quais são os documentos legais que orientam ética e moralmente as práticas pedagógicas dos educadores escolares e quais seriam essas orientações dentro da concepção de educação vigente em nosso país. Conceitua-se o que é moral e o que é ética em nossa sociedade, com base na obra de Piaget. Compreendemos que um ambiente moral na escola, pode favorecer o convívio coletivo, pois a moral autônoma pode ser desenvolvida com mais facilidade. Escolhemos os seguintes documentos para estudo: Diretrizes Curriculares do Curso de Pedagogia (2006), dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (1997), e do Plano Nacional de Educação (2014). Após a análise dos documentos fizemos uma breve discussão a respeito do papel do professor e da educação moral dos alunos. Por fim, pudemos concluir com base nos documentos estudados e no referencial teórico escolhido, que quando o ambiente educacional e profissional se organiza a partir da adoção da ética e da moral nos processos pedagógicos, os resultados tendem a ser positivos, pois, além de valorizar e desenvolver a competência do professor, a ênfase se faz sobre relações cooperativas, que podem promover o desenvolvimento moral autônomo do aluno.
Vantagens e desvantagens percebidas pelas populações chaves no uso da profilaxia pré-exposição
Authors: Batista Amanda Trajano , Saldanha Ana Alayde Werba , Furtado Francisca Marina Freire
Published: March 2021

Para entender o impacto da PrEP na prevenção do HIV, além dos dados de eficácia clínica, precisamos compreender as crenças que subjazem a aceitabilidade da PrEP, uma vez que, para ser segura e eficaz é importante, que esteja em sintonia com as necessidades e preocupações dos usuários. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar as crenças comportamentais quanto às vantagens e desvantagens do uso de PrEP. A amostra foi composta por 31 participantes de quatro populações-chaves, que já estão uso de PrEP. Os participantes foram contactados de forma online. Como instrumento de coleta utilizou-se um questionário tendo por base a Teoria da ação racional, composto por quatro perguntas abertas, além dos dados sociodemográficos. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por estatísticas descritivas, enquanto os qualitativos por meio de análise categorial temática. No tocante as vantagens de usar a PrEP obtiveram-se 84 crenças, sendo as principais: 1)Dupla proteção, 2)Não uso do preservativo, 3)Diminuir a contaminação, 4)Diminuir as ISTs, 5) Autonomia na prevenção. Já em relação às desvantagens, obtiveram-se 95 crenças: 1) Efeitos colaterais, 2)Não eficácia, 3)Não uso do preservativo, 4) Foco no HIV, 5) Tomar diariamente. A análise das crenças possibilitou a identificação dos fatores que podem influenciar positivamente ou negativamente a adoção do comportamento preventivo, apontando que embora a PrEP encoraje estratégias de cuidado, ainda há um desconhecimento sobre sua real eficácia.
Percepção sobre uso de substâncias psicoativas em estudantes universitários: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lins Emerson Feitosa , Barbosa Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega , Ribeiro Mara Cristina
Published: March 2021

A pesquisa buscou integrar o conhecimento relativo à percepção dos estudantes universitários em relação aos riscos no uso e abuso de substâncias psicoativas. Objetivou-se verificar se a percepção em relação ao risco poderia ser um fator que contribui para o uso, bem como a proximidade com os colegas e o pertencimento a grupos que façam uso dessas substâncias. Foram seguidos os passos de uma revisão integrativa. 27 estudos foram incluídos por estarem de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos. Os achados sugerem que há uma associação significativa entre a maneira como o estudante universitário percebe os riscos e o seu padrão de consumo de drogas, bem como a relação que ele estabelece com os pares e demais colegas. Outro aspecto relevante foi a evidência sobre o uso de substâncias que só podem ser adquiridas com prescrição médica e que são utilizadas de forma indiscriminada para o aumento do desempenho acadêmico.
Effectiveness of Focused Water Conservation Messaging in the Clackamas River, OR
Authors: Oden Rikki
Published: March 2021

The Clackamas River in Oregon is a drinking water source for upwards of 300,000 people living in the Portland metro region. This river experiences seasonal low flow during the annual dry season throughout summer and early fall when endangered salmon species return to the river to spawn. This dry season also coincides with the highest period of urban water use. Since precipitation is minimal at this time, water users choose to water their lawns to make up for the lack of rain which contributes to water use tripling during the driest part of the year. To promote local water conservation, the Clackamas River Water Providers (CRWP)—who manage source water protection and public outreach and education around watershed issues, drinking water, and water conservation for the eight water providers on the river—have created a water conservation campaign that they intend to promote each dry season for the next several years. First promoted during the dry season of 2019, the messaging focuses on the flow needs of endangered salmon and asks water users to cease outdoor watering altogether. Through focus group discussion and a survey of water users, this research investigates public perception and opinion of the CRWP’s summer water conservation messaging campaign with the goal of improving the effectiveness of the messaging in future dry seasons.
Nanocoatings in modern construction
Authors: Falikman V.R.
Published: March 2021

The review analyzes the state of the nanocoating market, shows main types of nanocoatings, as well as drivers and barriers to their development and application. Modern progress in the field of nanotechnology allows us to attribute nanocoating to high performance materials, the structure and properties of which can be “designed” according to specific functional criteria and the level of environmental impact. They present unique remarkable characteristics compared to conventional coating materials in construction industry. The government’s grandiose plans to commission new housing and road infrastructure, as well as ambitious projects to develop the Arctic and ensure national security, should lead to the growth of the industry as a whole, as well as to an increase in demand for more efficient, innovative building materials, including nanocoatings and nanopaints
Variability and genetic structure in fragments of Eugenia involucrata De Candolle established through microsatellite markers
Authors: Stefanel Charlene Moro , Reiniger Lia Rejane Silveira , Serrote Caetano Miguel Lemos , Stefenon Valdir Marcos , Lemos Rafael Plá Matielo
Published: March 2021

ABSCTRACT: Eugenia involucrata DC. is a forest species with high environmental and economic potential. The objective of this study was to quantify the genetic variability and analyzed the genetic structure of three natural fragments located in the central region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. We used four microsatellite loci developed for the congener species Eugenia uniflora and using GenAlEx 6.5 software, parameters of genetic variability and its partition among and within fragments were estimated for each locus. We observed high levels of genetic variability (3.67 alleles per locus; HO = 0.815; HE = 0.625; FIS = −0.294), most of which (93%) were distributed within the fragments, suggesting that these individuals came from a single original population. Gene flow between fragments was high (2.35 to 4.56 migrants per generation), resulting in low genetic differentiation indexes (FST values ranging from 0.052 to 0.096). The fragments showed high genetic variability, distributed within the remnants themselves, and low genetic differentiation. Our results have repercussions for planning locally adapted germplasm collections for forest restoration programs, thereby avoiding the implantation of populations with an exogamous depression.
A Terra como corpo: a “economia do cuidado” contra as cinzas do “povo da mercadoria”
Authors: Cernicchiaro Ana Carolina
Published: March 2021

Resumo O presente trabalho propõe pensar a agência política da literatura ameríndia diante de uma guerra entre concepções de mundo, terra, ser e pessoa, uma guerra entre a “economia do cuidado” - que sabe que existir é sempre co-existir com pessoas de diferentes espécies e matérias - e o solipsismo do “povo da mercadoria”. Busca-se debater de que forma a resistência indígena e a luta pela terra são imanentes à poética dos povos originários. A literatura como forma de tensionar os limites de nossa ontologia, colocar nosso etnocentrismo e antropocentrismo em questão, abrir nosso mundo tão fechado em si mesmo para outros mundos.
Extrações e fragmentos no discurso latino-americano: arquivo, leitura, pedagogia
Authors: Ximenes Vinícius
Published: March 2021

Resumo Quando Silviano Santiago publica seu ensaio sobre a discursividade latino-americana na década de 1970, a conjuntura teórica e política está marcada por uma crítica do estruturalismo e pela formação de um bloco histórico que, na década seguinte, participaria do processo constituinte: início de um ciclo. A intenção deste artigo é repensar tal discursividade tendo em vista que a conjuntura de 2020 atualiza alguns daqueles debates vinculados à dependência geoeconômica. Passando pelo arquivo recente da Casa de Rui Barbosa e por poemas de Marília Garcia, Ana Estaregui e Priscilla Menezes, proponho interrogar uma relação entre modos de ler o arquivo e a terra, ou entre as pedagogias de leitura e as práticas extrativas. Nas trilhas dos debates de Santiago, lidas com Josefina Ludmer, podemos posicionar a emergência de um conceito ampliado de extração que permite pensar algumas variações no discurso latino-americano.