bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HEAT PUMP SYSTEM OF HOT WATER SUPPLY AND AIR COOLING BASED ON THE INTEGRATED ENERGY OF COLD WATER AND AIR FLOWS
Authors: Petrash V.D. , Makarov V.O. , Khomenko A.A. , Titlov A.S. , Shevchenko L.F. , Holubenko A.V.
Published: December 2024

With the increasing cost of traditional fuel and energy resources all over the world, the problem of significantly increasing the efficiency of heating and cooling systems for buildings for various purposes with the improvement of environmental performance based on the use of new and improvement of traditional renewable and secondary low-temperature sources becomes relevant. Based on the results of the analysis of known developments of heat and cooling supply systems and methods of their calculation, the authors justified an improved version of the system in which the low-temperature source is source water, removed and supply ventilation air. The subsystem of two-level hot water supply with air cooling of premises in the warm period of the year of civil buildings located in the Southern regions of Ukraine was considered. On the basis of analytical study of heat and energy efficiency of the improved heat pump system of hot water supply and air cooling, the dependence of the actual conversion factor has been established, which represents a multifactor interrelation of initial and mode parameters, as well as modes of operation of structural subsystems of selection, conversion and subscriber heat consumption. Mode conditions are determined that ensure highly efficient heat recovery from cold water and ventilation air for hot water supply in the building and its cooling in the warm period of the year. The results of the analytical study have established the feasibility of using cold water and ventilation air as an integrated low-temperature source in the proposed system of heat and cold supply. The conversion efficiency of energy flows significantly exceeds similar values in traditionally applied systems, for example, with a characteristic low-potential source in the form of soil. Bibl. 25, Fig. 5.
Enhanced Multivariate Time Series Analysis Using LSTM: A Comparative Study of Min-Max and Z-Score Normalization Techniques
Authors: Pranolo Andri , Setyaputri Faradini Usha , Paramarta Andien Khansa’a Iffat , Triono Alfiansyah Putra Pertama , Fadhilla Akhmad Fanny , Akbari Ade Kurnia Ganesh , Utama Agung Bella Putra , Wibawa Aji Prasetya , Uriu Wako
Published: December 2024

The primary objective of this study is to analyze multivariate time series data by employing the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model. Deep learning models often face issues when dealing with multivariate time series data, which is defined by several variables that have diverse value ranges. These challenges arise owing to the potential biases present in the data. In order to tackle this issue, it is crucial to employ normalization techniques such as min-max and z-score to guarantee that the qualities are standardized and can be compared effectively. This study assesses the effectiveness of the LSTM model by applying two normalizing techniques in five distinct attribute selection scenarios. The aim of this study is to ascertain the normalization strategy that produces the most precise outcomes when employed in the LSTM model for the analysis of multivariate time series. The evaluation measures employed in this study comprise Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and R-Squared (R2). The results suggest that the min-max normalization method regularly yields superior outcomes in comparison to the z-score method. Min-max normalization specifically resulted in a decreased mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE), as well as an increased R-squared (R2) value. These improvements indicate enhanced accuracy and performance of the model. This paper makes a significant contribution by doing a thorough comparison analysis of normalizing procedures. It offers vital insights for researchers and practitioners in choosing suitable preprocessing strategies to improve the performance of deep learning models. The study's findings underscore the importance of selecting the appropriate normalization strategy to enhance the precision and dependability of multivariate time series predictions using LSTM models. To summarize, the results indicate that min-max normalization is superior to z-score normalization for this particular use case. This provides a useful suggestion for further studies and practical applications in the field. This study emphasizes the significance of normalization in analyzing multivariate time series and contributes to the larger comprehension of data preprocessing in deep learning models
LoRaWAN-Based Communication for Autonomous Vehicles: Performance and Development
Authors: Saharuna Saharuna , Adiprabowo Tjahjo , Yassir Muhammad , Nurdiana Dian , Adi Puput Dani Prasetyo , Kitagawa Akio , Satyawan Arief Suryadi
Published: December 2024

Automotive technology in the future continues to develop with a variety of sophistication, especially in vehicles that can move on their own, this research is new from previous developments, intelligent vehicles can be seen from various system developments ranging from the ability to find parking positions, have the right navigation system, and are equipped with various artificial senses such as LiDAR, Smart Camera, Artificial Intelligence, and various components for telecommunications. A small part that will be discussed in this research is in terms of data communication. The development of intelligent vehicles in a broader scope can be included in one of the categories to build a Smart City. In the analysis system, this research develops in terms of analyzing the possibility of data collisions or how to avoid them, with various methods that can be developed and approached comprehensively using LoRaWAN, so that a method can be determined using LoRaWAN Communication and LoRa Modules that can have an important impact in the development of intelligent vehicles or autonomous vehicles for Smart City. In this paper, the LoRa data transmission approach is to use the GPS Module, the GPS Module data is sent from each car to the nearest LoRaWAN Gateway, the car can automatically select the nearest Gateway for data optimization, reducing Packet Loss and Signal Attenuation due to LoRa data communication in the NLOS area, This article still uses data transmission simulation using MATLAB and is planned to be applied to Smart vehicles directly, the contribution of this research is the discovery of a new method in terms of LoRaWAN-based multi-point data transmission that can avoid data collisions from the position of intelligent vehicles in Mobile or moving, in building Smart City technology in the future.
COORDINATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE ENTERPRISE STRATEGY COMPLEX
Authors: Smolin Andrii
Published: December 2024

The essence and role of the planning methodology in developing enterprise strategies are defined. Its differentiated role in developing corporate, competitive, functional, and operational strategies is proven. The peculiarities of the formation process for different types of strategies are shown, depending on their hierarchical level and the nature of interactions with other complex components. The substantive characteristics of the hierarchical-subordinate and cause-and-effect processes of strategy formation are outlined. A description of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the differentiation of the components of the enterprise strategy complex is provided. Factors influencing the variability of the quantitative characteristics of enterprise strategic development tasks are identified. A typology of strategy complexes is proposed based on the diversification level and the scope of enterprise activities. The classification of managerial coordination actions within the enterprise’s complex strategy framework is presented. It considers the type of coordination, the object of coordination influence, the method of determining agreed parameters of strategic tasks, and the form of their representation. The rationality of two organizational levels of enterprise strategy coordination—corporate-business and functional-operational—is substantiated. The characteristic types of coordination actions for these levels, which have vertical or horizontal managerial purposes, are identified.
STRATEGY OF TRANSFORMATION OF METALLURGICAL ENTERPRISES: IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFICIENCY EVALUATION
Authors: Mazur Volodymyr , Hao Jiang
Published: December 2024

This article explores the management transformation of capital iron and steel, which implements scientific management methods and innovations. The company has aligned its operations with beijing’s development goals, prioritizing technological innovation and sustainable production practices. Through organizational restructuring, skill development programs, and strategic investments in advanced technologies, the company has developed a modern production system capable of addressing environmental challenges. the transformation success of capital iron and steel offers valuable insights for other enterprises, enabling them to enhance competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. This case study offers insights into effective corporate management planning, execution, and evaluation.
DATA VALIDATION IN THE RESEARCH OF LOGISTIC SYSTEMS OF AGRO-TRADING IN UKRAINE
Authors: Sadovnyk Oleksandr , Kyryliuk Oksana , Lavrenenko Valentyna
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the pressing issue of developing validation data sets to assess the state of the logistics system in Ukrainian agro-trading under turbulent conditions. The study explores the concept of «validation» as it applies across various domains, such as law, manufacturing, and programming, emphasizing its critical role as a mechanism for verifying information quality. The principles and procedural stages of forming validation data sets are substantiated, starting with collecting primary and secondary statistical data, followed by systematization, analysis, and interpretation. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the reliability and representativeness of information, with detailed approaches to identifying errors in data registration and implementing source monitoring practices. The article also emphasizes the importance of accurate and systematic data validation in improving analytical models. Valid data sets enable precise risk assessment and provide actionable insights, supporting robust management decision-making. Given agro-tradingʼs dynamic and often volatile environment, integrating reliable data is a key factor in addressing challenges such as supply chain disruptions, resource allocation inefficiencies, and external economic pressures. Furthermore, the article underscores the role of validation in enhancing the transparency and accountability of logistics processes, contributing to the overall resilience of agro-trading enterprises. By adhering to validated information frameworks, stakeholders can better anticipate risks, optimize operations, and align with international standards. The proposed methodological approaches and validation criteria provide a practical basis for improving decision-making in the logistics systems of Ukrainian agro-trading, fostering sustainable growth and competitive advantage under challenging conditions.
Evolució de l’espai periurbà de la ciutat de Baetulo entre el segle II a. de la n. e. al segle VI d. de la n. e.
Authors: Forn Perramon Clara
Published: December 2024

Baetulo va ser una fundació ex novo del segon quart del segle i aC. que perdurà fins al segle vii dC. El seu emplaçament, en un promontori en mig de dues rieres entre la plana deltaica del riu Besòs i la plataforma litoral de la Serralada de Marina, oferia grans possibilitats agrícoles i una posició estratègica de control de la costa central laietana. Les intervencions arqueològiques de les últimes dues dècades a les immediacions de Baetulo, han documentat una ocupació prèvia a la fundació de la ciutat, la seva conversió en espais suburbials a l’època augustea, i la transformació del seu poblament durant el baix imperi i l’antiguitat tardana. L’anàlisi de l’espai periurbà ha permès estudiar diferents estructures organitzatives del territori, vil·les, espais artesanals, àrees agrícoles i productives relacionades majoritàriament amb la indústria vinària, així com també, usos funeraris. El seu desenvolupament en paral·lel al de la ciutat ens permet abordar les relacions d’interdependència entre el món urbà i el rural.
State Budget Execution under Martial Law
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zaburanna Lesia
Published: December 2024

In martial law conditions, the needs are different, and accordingly, budget policy priorities regarding the direction of budget funds change dramatically. The issues of defending the country, forming funds to support internally displaced persons, and providing humanitarian aid become paramount. Therefore, the need to find additional sources of budget funding and objectively review budget indicators, both in terms of income and expenditure, becomes more acute. This article aims to analyze the features of the mobilization and use of funds from the state budget of Ukraine in conditions of war, particularly in 2024. Budget legislation changes that regulate the distribution and redistribution of financial resources under martial law conditions were disclosed. Budget indicators of the consolidated budget for recent years were analyzed, as well as indicators of state and local budgets by income and expenditure in the general structure of the consolidated budget. The analysis results indicate an increase in the share of the state budget in the general structure of Ukraine's consolidated budget. The implementation of the state budget was complicated by its significant deficit, as well as the need to service the state debt. The growth of the state debt has taken on significant proportions and almost led to a default in August 2024. According to the study results, the main burden of the country's defence needs falls on the state budget since half of the expenditures aim to ensure the country's defence capability. In addition, expenditures on public order, security and the judiciary, as well as social security for the population are also quite large. A significant amount of state budget expenditures is directed at payments on state derivatives and servicing the state debt. In such conditions, the rational distribution of budget expenditures remains relevant, with a special emphasis on the efficiency of their use to strengthen the armed forces' capabilities, restore critical infrastructure facilities destroyed by the war, and provide social support to the population.
Materiality Level in the Audit of Financial Statements and Its Impact on the Auditor's Professional Judgment
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ostapenko Yuliia
Published: December 2024

When developing a general audit strategy, the auditor determines the materiality of the financial statements as a whole. In addition, the auditor must determine the materiality of the results of the activity to assess the risks of material misstatement and determine the nature, timing and scope of further audit procedures. The article aims to summarize the basic principles of establishing the materiality level in the audit of financial statements and determine its impact on the auditor's professional judgment application. The use of the concept of materiality is an integral part of the general methodology that determines the procedure for conducting an audit of financial statements. The article reveals approaches to assessing the materiality level in an audit based on an analysis of the provisions of international auditing standards. It was revealed that the complexity of determining materiality lies in that each user has their own interests, which determine what material is to them in the financial information received. The article presents an algorithm for determining materiality in an audit based on applying the auditor's professional judgment. Considerable attention in the study was paid to the features of the regulatory regulation of the mechanism for calculating materiality at the level of financial reporting as a whole and for performing audit procedures. At the same time, there are no unified rules and methods for determining the materiality level today. Instead, in audit practice, the working materiality level is set as a percentage of materiality for financial reporting as a whole according to the auditor's professional judgment, depending on the assessment of the risks of material misstatement: low – 75-80%; medium – 60-70%; high – 40-65%. The article presents typical financial reporting misstatements and the reasons for their occurrence. The study's results will allow auditors to better understand the impact of material errors on the reliability of financial reporting and audit results, as well as the relationship between audit risk and the materiality indicator for performing audit procedures.
Geodynamic, metallographic and geochemical characteristics of the Jbel Klakh copper deposit, Eastern High Atlas, Morocco
Authors: Сhoukrad Jaouad , Mounir Souhail , Charroud Mohammed , Mhamdi Hicham Si , Saoud Naoufal , Moutaouakkil Nacir El , Ali Abdelkhiar Ait
Published: December 2024

Purpose. This paper aims to make a metallographic and geochemical geological study of the Jbel Klakh copper deposit located in the northern part of the Eastern High Atlas of Morocco, and make a detailed inventory of the mining indices of this area and emphasizing their modes of formation, linking them to the different geological phenomena and specifying the kinematics of their placement.

Methods. To achieve our objectives, we have conducted a series of geological reconnaissance surveys in the Jbel Klakh area, and we have identified the former mining areas with strong copper mineralization. We have carried out a geological mapping of the main structures hosting the mineralization, with a detailed representation of the mineralization families. We carried out structural measurements and surveys to determine the tectonic regimes that led to the formation and development of the mineralization, to identify the relationship between fracturing and mineralization, and collected several samples that were subject of geochemical studies by ICP-MS, petrographic analyses, scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Findings. The research proposes a new approach to mineral exploration based on fieldwork and laboratory work that aims to study the formation of copper mineralization in the Meso-Cenozoic cover, and to show the role of the geological texture and structural control in the migration and formation of this mineralization, and finally to give a new idea for the discovery of new deposits of supergene copper that can highlight the economic importance of this type of deposits.

Originality. The most economically exploitable copper deposits in Morocco are of the Basement porphyry type, there is no economically exploitable Jbel Klakh type deposit, recognized in Morocco, our paper therefore aims to highlight the deposits of the supergene sedimentary type, by giving a geological, structural, geochemical and geodynamic explanation of their occurrence.

Practical implications. This research therefore highlights the copper deposits of the supergene type and explains the link between the mineralization and the different geological, structural and geodynamic phenomena that contribute to the formation of this mineralization, and through this work opens the door for a future discovery of a large copper deposit of the same type around the world.
Enhancing slope failure forecasting model by implementing Archimedean copula to model the error-term
Authors: Dwinagara Barlian , Vergiagara Vega , Uğurlu Ömer F , Saptono Singgih , Salsabila Rania , Ardian Aldin
Published: December 2024

Purpose. In the open-pit mining, monitoring slope failure is a crucial activity. Many mining projects used a manual approach to measure the slope displacement, but an advanced technology (e.g., slope stability radar) offers more precise data collection. Despite these technological strides, accurately predicting slope failure remains essential to prevent costly incidents and interrupted production. Simple linear regression is commonly and widely used with time on the x-axis and inverse-velocity on y-axis, is a prevalent method. However, it often fails to forecast slope failure accurately, as the events tend to occur sooner than predicted. This misprediction might be attributed to the oversight of error-term within the model.

Methods. The error-term distinct structure was analyzed to improve the accuracy of the existing linear regression model. To address this, copula models were employed, as they effectively capture the complex dependence patterns among random variables, providing a robust method for incorporating the error-term analysis into the model.

Findings. The proposed approach showed its powerful technique to predict slope failure more accurately than the existing simple linear regression model. According to the slope failure datasets, the linear regression model was y = 50475.270 – 1.123 x. Furthermore, the error-term was modeled through Reversed Gumbel-Hougaard (GH-RR) copula model under parameter θ = 1.12. As a result, the prediction missed by 86.4 seconds, compared to 277.284 seconds when using the existing approach (i.e., linear regression without copula-based error-term modeling).

Originality. This approach emphasizes the analysis and incorporation of the error-term in the model, which is often overlooked in the simple linear regression method commonly used.

Practical implications. Implementing the error-term copula-based model could significantly improve the accuracy of slope failure predictions, thereby preventing costly incidents and ensuring uninterrupted production in mining projects.
Assessment of the using a mobile crushing and sorting plant investment attractiveness at the development of construction material quarries
Authors: Sobko Borys , Lozhnikov Oleksii , Kriachek Vitalii
Published: December 2024

Purpose. To establish the influence of the quarry depth at the construction materials deposit mining on the payback period of investments when using the haulage mining system (HMS), cyclic flow technology (CFT), and mobile crushing and sorting plant (MCSP) with a comparison of its efficiency.

Methods. The research used discounted value of cash flow methods to determine the company’s net present value (NPV) and the investment payback period. When establishing a mining enterprise’s technical and economic performance indicators, the present value factor of future costs and profits was considered.

Findings. According to the total discounted cash flow value indicator, the technological scheme using a mobile crushing and sorting plant is the most attractive in the quarry depth range of 50-150 m. According to this indicator, it was established that it is better in comparison with the schemes of the haulage mining system and cyclic flow technology, respectively, by 19 and 26% at a quarry depth of 50 m. When the quarry depth increases from 100 to 150 m, the efficiency of the MCSP scheme in terms of the indicator of total cash flow will be 5.2 and 5.8 times exceeding the indicators of the CFT and HMS schemes, respectively.

Originality. The impact of the quarry depth mining on the indicators of the cash flow discounted value, the net income of the enterprise NPV, and the payback period of the investment was determined, which allowed to determine the most effective technological scheme at the given quarry productivity of 1.6 million m3/year. It was determined that using a scheme with a mobile crushing and sorting plant compared to other schemes in the cash flow total cost indicator is more effective by 17-28% at a quarry development depth of 50 m. At the same time, at a quarry depth of 150 m, the effectiveness of the technological scheme of MCSP by the enterprise total profit indicator increases significantly to 2.0 and 3.5 times superior to the CFT and HMS schemes, respectively.

Practical implications. The conducted research is essential when choosing technological schemes for exploiting construction raw materials quarries when their development depth increases. This result is especially relevant for mining companies that produce crushed stone, where mobile crushing and sorting plants can significantly improve economic efficiency.
Clay content estimation and its impact on reservoir properties using well logging, Sijan Field, Syria
Authors: Abudeif Abdelbaset M , Alhussain Ayoub Y , Mohammed Mohammed A , Masoud Marwa M
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clay content and petrophysical characteristics of the Rutbah Formation in the Sijan Field and their impact on production. This involves analyzing various borehole measurements to assess reservoir quality and predict fluid flow behaviour. Additionally, the study aims to compare wells in the Sejan field to show the differences in petrophysical properties, especially hydrocarbon saturation in the Rutbah sand formation.

Methods. Methods include gamma-ray measurements to determine rock lithology and calculate shale volume. Permeability is analyzed using equations relating permeability and porosity. Porosity determination involves acoustic, neutron, and density porosity measurements. The Archie equation was used to calculate water and hydrocarbon saturations.

Findings. Gamma-ray measurements delineated the Rutbah Formation’s upper and lower sections. The upper Rutbah exhibits higher gamma-ray anomalies and shale volumes compared to the lower Rutbah. Shale in the upper Rutbah leads to ineffective porosity, while the lower Rutbah, dominated by sandstone with minimal shale, shows higher permeability suitable for hydrocarbon production.

Originality. The study highlights the significance of well logging data as a cost-effective alternative to traditional methods for estimating clay content and assessing reservoir quality in real-time. It contributes to literature by investigating influence of clay content variations on reservoir properties, enhancing reservoir characterization and production forecasting.

Practical implications. The study provides insights for oil exploration and production strategies in the Rutbah Formation within the Euphrates Graben region. Understanding the distribution of clay minerals and their effects on reservoir properties can guide exploration and development efforts, optimizing hydrocarbon recovery.
Ar-Ar ages and ore-forming material sources of the Na Bop-Pu Sap Pb-Zn Deposit in the Cho Don Area, Northeastern Vietnam
Authors: Hung Khuong The , Hieu Pham Trung , Dac Ngo Xuan , Hung Nguyen Duy
Published: December 2024

Purpose. This study aims to investigate the ore mineralization characteristics and genesis models and assess the mineral potential of the Na Bop-Pu Sap lead-zinc deposit, which represents a novel deposit type in northeastern Vietnam.

Methods. This research employs several analytical methods, including microscopic analysis of ore minerals, sulfur and lead isotope analysis of ore sulfide minerals, Ar-Ar dating of sericite samples contemporaneous with sulfide ores, and fluid inclusion studies to determine ore-forming temperatures.

Findings. Field observations suggest that the ore deposits manifest as Pb-Zn-bearing veins along faults and as strata-bound ore types within early Devonian sedimentary carbonate rocks. Microscopic analysis identifies galena, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite as ore minerals, accompanied by gangue minerals such as quartz, calcite, and dolomite. Sulfur-isotope values (δ34S) of galena, sphalerite, and pyrite range from +0.10 to +8.49‰ (mean = +4.48‰), suggesting a magmatic origin with a deep source. Lead isotope ratios of galena (206Pb/204Pb: 18.451-18.651, 207Pb/204Pb: 15.685-15.836, 208Pb/204Pb: 38.909-39.501) point to an upper crustal source. Ar-Ar dating of sericite yields plateau ages of 237.1 ± 2.3 Ma and 242.6 ± 2.4 Ma, correlating with the timing of lead-zinc mineralization, as indicated by the syntectonic texture between sericite minerals and sulfide ores. Fluid inclusion studies on calcite from galena-hosted veins suggest moderate temperatures (201-245°C) and salinities (4.65-8.00 wt.% NaCl equiv.), indicative of evolving 2O – NaCl systems and variable physicochemical conditions. These findings classify the Na Bop-Pu Sap deposit as an epithermal-type deposit.

Originality. The Na Bop-Pu Sap Pb-Zn deposit in northern Bac Kan Province, Vietnam, is one of the largest deposits in the Cho Don area. It is notable for its significant reserves and unique metal combination. Despite extensive knowledge of Pb-Zn mineralization, the timing and origin of ore-forming fluids remain poorly understood.

Practical implications. This study provides insights into the genesis and spatio-temporal evolution of Pb-Zn mineralization in the Na Bop-Pu Sap deposit within the Cho Don area.
Research into mass stress and failure zone parameters during blasting of fractured high benches using blasthole charges
Authors: Serdaliyev Yerdulla , Iskakov Yerkin
Published: December 2024

Purpose.The paper focuses on the study of the stress distribution patterns in fractured rock masses during rock breaking on high benches using blasthole explosive charges. The research aims to optimize the parameters of drilling-blasting operations through detailed analysis of stress distribution and formation of failure zones on high benches. This will significantly improve the handling equipment operating efficiency, as well as develop economically feasible blasting patterns tailored to quarry geometry.

Methods. The research is based on theoretical modeling of stress propagation caused by detonating the blasthole explosive charges in fractured rock masses. The stress distribution around the charge is calculated using equations derived from elastic deformation and surface wave theory, taking into account the particular characteristics of fractured high benches. The model includes stress propagation, wave transformation, and rock fracture behavior to identify rock crushing zones.

Findings. The results have revealed that the main factor of rock failure is tensile stress waves resulting from the reflection of compression waves. The degree of rock crushing and the volume of failure zones depend on the length and diameter of the blasthole explosive charge, the properties of the explosive agent, as well as the network of pre-existing fractures.

Originality. A new approach to studying the stress distribution in fractured rock masses during blasting operations is presented. This paper takes into account the influence of existing fractures and the interaction of stress waves with natural disturbances in the rock, thus allowing more accurate prediction of rock crushing. For the mining conditions of the Pustynnoye Deposit, the ratios between the radii of failure zones and the value of breaking stresses have been found, and a function for determining the failure radius has been proposed.

Practical implications. The results of this research can be used to optimize the parameters of blasting operations in quarries with fractured high benches. By determining the optimal sizes and placement of charges, it is possible to achieve more efficient rock crushing, reduce equipment wear and improve overall production efficiency.
Numerical simulation of carbonaceous raw material combustion in a coal seam channel
Authors: Lozynskyi Vasyl
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The research aims to investigate the combustion behavior of carbonaceous raw materials, specifically pulverized coal, in a cylindrical channel within a coal seam. The research focuses on understanding the temperature field dynamics, the distribution of combustion products, and the stabilization of the combustion process over time.

Methods. The research uses advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling using non-premixed combustion and the k-epsilon turbulence model. A cylindrical channel with a length of 30 m and a diameter of 1 m is selected, reflecting optimal conditions for co-gasification based on previous studies. Heat transfer processes are incorporated by activating the energy equation, accounting for heat generation from chemical reactions and its transfer via convection, conduction, and radiation. These considerations accurately represent the thermal and flow dynamics in the confined geometry.

Findings. The simulation indicates the temperature field stabilization, with a peak of 1540°C achieved in the combustion zone after 24 hours, gradually decreasing to approximately 520°C further downstream. Oxidation reactions are most active within the first 6 m of the channel, producing CO2 as the primary combustion product. The flow velocity analysis indicates intense turbulence near the inlet, enabling efficient mixing of fuel and oxidizer. As the process progresses, turbulence intensity decreases, maintaining a steady distribution of thermal energy and stable downstream flow behavior.

Originality. The research has resulted in the development of a comprehensive methodology for modeling pulverized coal combustion process in geometrically constrained coal seam channels, representing the staged progression of the process (early, mid, and final stages). Patterns of temperature field stabilization and the distribution of chemical species along the channel have been identified.

Practical implications. TThe findings provide a foundation for optimizing underground coal combustion and co-gasification processes to improve geo-reactor systems’ efficiency.
Substantiation and selection of parameters for supporting mine workings at deep levels
Authors: Matayev Azamat , Uakhitova Bagdagul , Kaumetova Dinara , Imangazin Marat , Sarkulova Zhadyrassyn , Issengaliyeva Gulya , Orazbekova Riza
Published: December 2024

Purpose.The research aims to conduct a comprehensive study on substantiation and selection of optimal parameters for supporting mine workings at deep levels by analyzing the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rock mass, modeling geomechanical processes and developing effective strengthening technologies in difficult geological conditions.

Methods. The research includes modeling of the stress-strain state of the rock mass using ANSYS, Phase2 and Prorock software packages. To assess and predict the stress-strain state of the mass in the area of stope blocks, a series of numerical experiments have been conducted to analyze the near-contour rock mass stability. The physical-mechanical characteristics of ores and host rocks are used as input data for modeling.

Findings. The mass SSS analysis has confirmed that increasing the number of cable bolts up to four provides mine wor-king stability, but is accompanied by intensive fracture formation beyond the contour, as well as convergence up to 14 cm, which requires the use of reinforcing mesh and reinforcing frame in two layers. The mining system elements have been found to provide the necessary safety factor for end ore drawing (ks ≥ 3.0) and slicing mining with hardening backfill (ks ≥ 5.0).

Originality. The parameters for supporting mine workings have been substantiated, which ensures safe mining of deep levels. It has been revealed that when backfilling, the height of the caving zone is 125 m and the fracture zone is 60 m. For mining systems with caving, these figures reach 280 and 470 m, respectively.

Practical implications. The technology has been developed for supporting capital mine workings with the use of reinforced combined support and roof bolts. The results obtained contribute to the improvement of reliability and efficiency of mining operations by providing accurate prediction of rock behavior under conditions of changing stresses and reduction of their strength characteristics.
Hydro-ecological monitoring of heavy metal pollution of water bodies in the Western Bug River basin within the mining-industrial region
Authors: Popovych Vasyl , Skrobala Viktor , Tyndyk Oleh , Kaspruk Olesya
Published: December 2024

Purpose. This research aims to explore the peculiarities of chemical pollution with heavy metals of water in rivers and water bodies in the Chervonohrad mining-industrial region depending on the distance to the source of pollution and the type of landscape, as well as to analyze the general trends in the seasonal dynamics of chemical element concentration.

Methods. The paper uses statistical processing of the chemical pollution parameters of water and soil, such as correlation analysis and Data Mining methods. The similarity of ecotopes and grouping of chemical elements is assessed using cluster analysis. Multidimensional spatial ordination of ecotopes is described using geochemical indicators and graphical visualization based on Principle Component Analysis.

Findings. The highest level of pollution during the entire monitoring season was observed in water bodies at the foot of the Mezhyrichanska Mine waste heap near the city of Chervonohrad. Among the river bodies, the worst water condition in terms of heavy metal pollution was found in the Rata River (Silets village), which is located in the zone of influence of mining enterprises. The maximum excess of heavy metal content in water in seasonal dynamics in all sites is characterized by April variant of water samples. The analysis of the dependence between the concentrations of chemical elements indicates the presence of a close relationship between many parameters.

Originality. For the first time, it has been found that the multidimensional ordination of water bodies on the axes of complex geochemical gradients of the environment reflects the seasonal dynamics of the pollution level of natural water bodies with heavy metals within the mining-industrial region.

Practical implications. Based on the data obtained on the heavy metal content in water of natural water bodies, it is possible to predict the pollution level and implement measures to prevent the impact of negative factors on water quality. Knowing the geochemical conditions of ecotopes in a certain period of time, it is possible to determine their position in the ecological space on complex gradients of the medium, to predict the stability and possible changes in vegetation, fauna and microflora due to environmental pollution.
Population structure analysis and molecular characterization of duckweed genotypes using ipbs and issr markers
Authors: Coskun Omer Faruk , Aydin Didem
Published: December 2024

The duckweed subfamily, Lemnoideae, is the smallest group of flowering plants. It is considered a vegetable since duckweeds are used for human nutrition, and there are species in this plant group with high potential for minor vegetables. Genetic diversity and molecular characterization of duckweed genotypes grown in different ecosystems were determined in this study. Using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) and iPBS (Inter-Primer Binding Site) markers, 67 genotypes of five duckweed species were characterized. ISSR and iPBS methods identified 100% polymorphism, with genetic similarity coefficients between Spirodela and Lemna species ranging from 0.17 to 0.56. Structure analysis conducted according to K=6 calculation revealed that L. minor species had the most homogeneous and diverse populations. Duckweed genotypes and species displayed a wide range of genetic diversity. Using various marker techniques, we determined the genetic structure of duckweed and characterized it as an alternative cheap, sustainable, and cheap source of protein, vegetables, and biofuel. As a result of this study, data obtained from duckweed genotypes will be useful for understanding molecular mechanisms in future genetic improvements of duckweed species.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(4): 871-880, 2024 (December)
Influence of different nutrient sources on growth, yield and nutritive value of fodder maize
Authors: Safi Mohibullah , Bishist Rohit , Dr Bhardwaj  , Cl Thakur  , Prakash Prem , Gautam Krishan Lal , Dogra Rushal , Sharma Harish , Kishore Kamal , Kengoo Ngahanyui
Published: December 2024

A study was carried out to assess the effects of two types of organic manure i.e., FYM (20 t ha-1) and Jeevamrut (500 L ha-1) and inorganic fertilizer (60 N kg ha-1) on growth and yield performance of fodder maize. The application of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (T3) significantly increased fodder maize plant height (170.03 cm), number of leaves per plant (12.40), leaf length (92.76 cm), leaf width (8.00 cm), stem girth (5.93 cm), green fodder yield (29.20 t ha-1) and dry matter yield (7.99 t ha-1). The nutritional parameters were also better on the application of RDF with CP 8.40, EE 0.98, TA 8.08, AIA 1.09, NFE 52.38, DM 27.37, CF 30.15, NDF 55.37, and ADF 35.29 %. The application of RDF resulted in better plant growth parameters as compared to FYM and Jeevamrut.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(4): 923-929, 2024 (December)
Influence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria And organic manures on yield of okra (abelmoschus esculentus (l.) Moench)
Authors: Dhiman Shivali , Kumari Santosh , Dogra Balbir Singh , Sohi Anuj , Chaudhary Parveen , Saini Anubha
Published: December 2024

The investigation revealed that different growth and yield parameters viz., minimum days to first flowering, earliest first flowering node, minimum days to first fruit harvest and maximum plant height, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per plot and harvest duration were recorded in treatment combination of FYM + Vermicompost + Jeevamrit + Pseudomonas fluorescens. Therefore, supply of plant nutrients through organic sources like vermicompost, FYM, jeevamrit and Pseudomonas fluorescens enhance plant growth and development, increase soil nutrient status and maintain sustainable crop production.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 53(4): 1021-1025, 2024 (December)
Evaluating Musculoskeletal Health and Ergonomics Awareness Among Bank Employees in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Musa Abu Mohammad , Hossain Md Shahadat , Islam Md Samiul , Lira Dilshad Noor , Shaikh Abdul Kader , Rouf Abu Shara Shamsur
Published: December 2024

Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is a significant occupational health concern, particularly in sedentary professions like banking. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of Work-related Musculo Skeletal Disorders (WMSDs) among bank workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data was collected with a standardized and pre-validated questionnaire from 300 bank employees of 35 branches of different public, private and international banks. The study revealed a high prevalence of WMSDs among bank workers, where significant risk factors are age, increased body mass index (BMI), longer working hours, extended job tenure, low knowledge of ergonomic training, poor awareness of good working posture, inadequate understanding of physiotherapy management for WMSDs, higher psychosocial stress, and increased activity levels. The study finally underscored several proactive measures. Ergonomic interventions are proposed as a preventive measure, emphasizing the importance of proper workstation design, posture, and regular exercise programs to mitigate the risk of WMSDs. Furthermore, the study advocates for the inclusion of occupational health physiotherapists within the banking sector to provide training, treatment, and rehabilitation, ultimately enhancing the well-being of bank workers and reducing the economic burden associated with WMSDs. It is necessary to implement comprehensive strategies to prevent WMSDs, emphasizing the importance of ergonomics, awareness, and specialized healthcare support in creating a healthier work environment for this vital sector of the economy.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(2): 103-112, 2024 (December)
Phytochemical and Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation of Diospyros blancoi Fruits
Authors: Das Sreedam Chandra , Hossain Md Sabbir , Tabassum Nazifa , Rahman Mohammad Sharifur , Bachar Sitesh Chandra , Islam Md Saiful
Published: December 2024

Diospyros blancoi, a member of the Ebenaceae family known as ‘Bilati gab’ in Bangla, is traditionally used in treating a number of diseases. The study was aimed to isolate secondary metabolites from the fruits of D. blancoi and exploring the various pharmacological activities of the methanolic extract and its petroleum ether, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride fractions. Three compounds were obtained through phytochemical examination and identified as stigmasterol (1), lupeol (2) and betulinic acid (3) from the petroleum ether soluble fraction. In the castor oil-induced diarrhea model, methanolic extract and the petroleum ether fraction exhibited potent antidiarrheal activity with 42.04% (p < 0.001) and 36.94% (p < 0.001) defecation inhibition, respectively. The petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride fraction showed mild to moderate efficacy in the hypoglycemic activity assay. In the tail flicking analgesic assay, methanol extracts and other fractions showed considerable central analgesic activity. In the acetic acid-induced writhing model, the petroleum ether fraction produced maximal (p < 0.001) peripheral analgesic properties. It is apparent from this study that D. blancoi fruits serve as a reservoir of potential bioactive molecules that might have novel analgesic or antidiarrheal activities, and further considerable investigations to find possible lead candidates are suggestive of this study.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci, 23(2): 113-122, 2024 (December)
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antioxidant Capacity of Some Traditional Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Khan Md Shahinul , Rahman Md Hafizur , Mosihuzzaman M , Rokeya Begum
Published: December 2024

Abstract not available
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 23(2): 205-209, 2024 (December)
The frequency and pattern of thyroid disorders in pregnant women during the first antenatal visit
Authors: Khan Murshed Ahamed , Alam Md Jahangir , Goit Sitesh Kumar , Fariduddin Md
Published: December 2024

Background: Maternal thyroid problems have been attributed to a spectrum of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Considering iodine deficiency in our population, screening for thyroid disorders during the first prenatal visit is important because early detection reduces the risk of complications for both mother and child by proper management.
Objective: To determine the frequency and pattern of dysfunction in pregnant women who appeared to be in good health during their first antenatal visit, regardless of gestational age.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was used in this study. A total of 1102 apparently healthy pregnant women were recruited during their first antenatal visit. Women with known thyroid disorders, chronic diseases, e.g., chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic liver disease (CLD), or a history of taking drugs that interfere with thyroid function were excluded. TSH and FT4 levels were measured and evaluated according to reference intervals for thyroid hormones based on gestational age recommended by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) and according to conventional criteria. The Department of Microbiology and Immunology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) investigated lab variables.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 25.7±5.0 years. The most frequent thyroid dysfunction was subclinical hypothyroidism, which was 50.5% in the second trimester, 28.8% in the first trimester, and 18.7% in the third trimester. According to ATA and conventional criteria, dysfunction was detected in 32.8% and 18.9% of participants, respectively. Goiter was present among 39.6% of participants. The odds for thyroid dysfunction in women with goiter were 2.5-fold in comparison to those without goiter (95% CI: 1.93-3.24; p<0.05).
Conclusion: Clinically euthyroid pregnant women frequently have laboratory evidence of thyroid disease. So, thyroid function should be assessed in all pregnant women during the initial antenatal visit, regardless of gestational age.
J Assoc Clin Endocrinol Diabetol Bangladesh, July 2023;3(2): 40-46