bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student perspective on public health training in speech-language-hearing undergraduate programs at public universities in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Telles Maurício Wiering Pinto , Chaves Letícia Jadsa Lemos , Nascimento Milyane Cardoso do , Abreu Maria Helena Dantas , Noro Luiz Roberto Augusto
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the students’ understanding of public health training in the speech-language-hearing programs at public universities in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: a qualitative, multiple-case study that interviewed key informing students of seven universities in the Northeast to collect data. The analysis was based on the theme content analysis technique, having as theoretical reference the conception of curricula. Results: three categories emerged from the analysis: public health training experiences, influence of the experiences at the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS) on the speech-language-hearing therapist’s training, and potentials and limitations in public health training. Conclusion: the public university students of Northeastern Brazil perceive public health training as a means to prepare them for their future inclusion and professional practice at SUS.
Use of quantitative colorimetry and visual evaluation for color characterization of triticale seeds after phenol reaction
Authors: Buratto Juliana Sawada , Fernandes Carlos Henrique dos Santos , Rosa Jean Carlos Gomes , Vanzo Aline Taiane de Freitas , Caviglione João Henrique
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Quantitative colorimetry can be used to characterize the color of triticale seeds submitted to the phenol test. This study aimed to characterize the color of triticale seeds after the phenol test by visual color evaluation and quantitative colorimetry using the CIELAB color space. The evaluated seeds came from 88 triticale genotypes from the IDR-Paraná Germplasm Bank. The colorimetric data for L (lightness) and chromaticity coordinates a* and b* of the seeds before and after phenol reaction were obtained using a Minolta CR-400 colorimeter. The score scale ranged from 1 (very weak or absent color) to 9 (very dark color) and evaluated visually the seed color after phenol reaction. Seeds classified as score 1 showed mean values of 46.3, 6.6, and 16.4 for L, a*, and b*, respectively. On the other hand, seeds classified as dark or very dark showed values equal to or lower than 28.4 for L, 5.6 for chromaticity a*, and 6.0 for chromaticity b*. The use of colorimetric parameters showed a practical application and low subjectivity in the classification of the color of triticale seeds after phenol reaction.
JUVENTUDE, FORMAÇÃO E TRABALHO: APROXIMANDO AS TEORIAS DE INSERÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E SCHOOL-TO-WORK
Authors: Moraes Jhony Pereira , Rocha-de-Oliveira Sidinei
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Este ensaio apresenta e discute as teorias de inserção profissional francesa e school-to-work. A discussão embasa a exploração dos aspectos de convergência das teorias, buscando ampliar o debate no Brasil, de modo a contemplar as particularidades do país. Em síntese, quatro pontos se destacaram: as reconfigurações do processo de inserção decorrentes das transformações estruturais do Ensino Superior brasileiro; a relação entre o ingresso de diferentes grupos étnicos e econômicos juvenis no Ensino Superior e os impasses ou avanços nas condições laborais; o risco do rebaixamento dos diplomas como consequência da ampliação do número de diplomados e a possível estratificação sócio-ocupacional; e a centralidade das instituições de educação superior na vida laboral dos jovens.
RECONFIGURAÇÃO DO ENSINO SUPERIOR EM TEMPOS DE GLOBALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Martins Carlos Benedito
Published: April 2021

RESUMO O artigo aborda transformações no Ensino Superior contemporâneo em escala internacional, impulsionadas pela globalização. Apoia-se em uma revisão recente da literatura pertinente ao tema abordado. Enfoca um conjunto de ideias recentes, que procura estreitar os vínculos das universidades com as demandas do campo econômico, o qual tende a comprometer sua autonomia diante de forças externas, cujo princípio marcou a trajetória histórica das universidades. Em sua conclusão, o artigo salienta que, apesar de ser pressionada pelo processo de globalização para responder de forma utilitária às demandas do campo econômico, em função do incremento de fluxos de conhecimentos que ocorre no plano mundial, as universidades comportam a possibilidade de produzir um conhecimento crítico com relação à própria dinâmica da globalização.
APROPRIAÇÕES E SENTIDOS NA FORMAÇÃO ON-LINE: CONCEITOS E PRÁTICAS EM QUESTÃO
Authors: Maieski Alessandra , Silva Danilo Garcia da
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar estabilizações sobre as perspectivas e estratégias que sustentam os processos de interação e de mediação em cursos de formação on-line. Utilizamos como metodologia o estudo de caso, em uma perspectiva longitudinal. Os dados foram organizados e trabalhados, considerando a pluralidade de estratégias, técnicas e instrumentos, compondo, assim, três núcleos de entendimento. As reflexões apontam que há uma progressão tanto do acompanhamento quanto dos entendimentos e compreensões sobre a interação e a mediação. Logo, coexistem perspectivas que denotam avanços e consequente estabilização das/nas práticas didático-pedagógicas, coerentes para formação em cursos on-line em contextos de cultura digital que abarquem um trabalho mais colaborativo, cooperativo e de coautoria.
Perfil e percepções de futuras educadoras do campo a partir do ingresso em Universidade Pública
Authors: Gisloti Laura Jane , Santos Dalva Melo dos , Santos Cíntia Melo dos , Silva Sandra Procópio da
Published: April 2021

Resumo O presente estudo teve por objetivo reunir antecedentes, motivações e percepções das futuras professoras formadas no Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo (LEDUC) da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), a partir do ingresso no curso. A partir de instrumentos de pesquisa misto de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo (questionário estruturado com questões abertas e fechadas e entrevista semiestruturada) e da análise de conteúdo dos discursos obtidos, discutimos e refletimos a respeito de duas dimensões fundamentais: o perfil das mulheres estudantes que buscam a Educação do Campo e a percepção delas a respeito do impacto em suas vidas após o ingresso na universidade. O perfil das mulheres é de idade inferior a 28 anos, moradoras do campo, solteiras e sem filhos. Cursaram o ensino médio em escolas do campo e encontraram na LEDUC a possibilidade de ingresso no ensino superior devido a vários fatores, dentre eles, o método da Pedagogia da Alternância, no qual se alterna o processo de ensino-aprendizagem entre o tempo-universidade e o tempo-comunidade, possibilitando, assim, que estudem de acordo com suas condições objetivas. Tais mulheres ainda não estão inseridas profissionalmente nas escolas do campo, se identificam como estudantes, enfrentaram desafios relacionados a questões de gênero e acreditam que o curso propiciou uma mudança na relação com a vida no campo, profissional (35%), doméstica (31%) e socialmente (30%). Refletimos que a inserção dessas mulheres no curso favorece a tomada de outros papéis sociais fazendo com que se reconheçam como sujeitas atuantes na construção da Educação do Campo, na universidade e em suas comunidades, a partir da valorização de seu modo de vida e dos saberes associados, além de contribuir com a transformação da cultura patriarcal tão presente na cultura do campesinato.
Hepatic coccidiosis in Serrasalmus rhombeus Linnaeus, 1766 from the Amazon basin: morphological and histopathological aspects
Authors: Oliveira Jhonata Eduard Farias de , Figueredo Rayline Thaimenne Alves , Sindeaux-Neto José Ledamir , Vilhena Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Progene , Berrêdo José Francisco , Matos Edilson , Velasco Michele
Published: April 2021

Abstract Calyptospora species are coccids that commonly cause liver infections in fish all around the world. This paper describes the morphology and histopathological characteristics of liver infection caused by Calyptospora sp. in black piranha Serrasalmus rhombeus, from the Capim River, in the municipality of Ipixuna do Pará, state of Pará (Brazil). Specimens were collected, analyzed and necropsied and tissue fragments containing parasites were prepared for histology and scanning electron microscopy. Parasitism was detected in 33.0% of the analyzed specimens, which had spherical oocysts in the liver, with four pyriform sporocysts presenting sporozoites internally. A histological examination revealed oocysts positioned close to blood vessels, causing necrosis and degeneration of hepatic parenchyma, while the presence of mononuclear cell infiltrate and melanomacrophages indicated the onset of an inflammatory process. This is the first record of the genus Calyptospora in fish from the Capim River.
The applicability of the best interests principle to children of imprisoned mothers in contemporary Africa: Between hard and soft law
Authors: Miamingi Alina
Published: April 2021

This article argues that article 30(d) of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child in fact, in some instances, may impede the actualisation of the best interests of the children of incarcerated mothers in contemporary Africa, due to its inflexible and generalising formulation. The African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child attempted to address the limitations inherent in article 30 by issuing its first General Comment on 'Children of incarcerated and imprisoned parents and primary caregivers', which promotes an individualised and far more flexible approach to the decision of whether to prohibit or allow children to reside in prison with their mothers. However, the persuasive value of a General Comment is limited by virtue of belonging to the category of soft law. Therefore, the African Children's Committee should explore the possibility of amending article 30(d) in order to preserve the best interests of children whose mothers are incarcerated.
Res interpretata principle: Giving domestic effect to the judgments of the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
Authors: Jonas Obonye
Published: April 2021

The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights is beginning to hand down decisions of constitutional salience and positioning itself as a quasi-constitutional court for Africa. However, as is the case with all regional human rights courts, its decisions lack erga omnes effect, and are binding only on the parties to the case. This means that the other members of the African Union are not required by law to implement rulings that were made by the African Court in cases in which they did not participate. While decisions of the African Court are res inter alios in relation to third parties, at least formally, it is argued that the Court may use the principle of res interpretata to ensure the collective enforcement of human rights commitments emanating from the African Charter.
COVID-19 and the inclusion of learners with disabilities in basic education in South Africa: A critical analysis
Authors: Kamga Serges Djoyou
Published: April 2021

This article examines the extent to which basic education, which is compulsory under international law, was inclusive of learners with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, it examines measures taken by the government to ensure the continuity of basic education and the extent to which these measures are inclusive of learners with disabilities. It argues that moving education to online platforms, and conducting classes via radio and television are not accompanied by related reasonable accommodation measures to ensure the inclusion of leaners with disabilities. Among others, study material and numerous resources, online platforms and media are not in accessible formats, and learners with disabilities do not have access to data or internet broadband. In addition, the parents of these learners with disabilities are not trained to assist their children to study from home. The exclusion from school of learners with special needs is also characterised by a limited number of special schools in the country. In making its case, the article relies on South African and foreign jurisprudence on equality and inclusive education to inform the analysis. Ultimately the article finds that learners with disabilities are not included in the education system in the time of COVID-19. It explores general lessons learned during the pandemic which could be considered as an opportunity to re-think how emergency education planning can be inclusive of children or learners with disabilities in the future. While the discussion focuses on South Africa, lessons learned apply across Africa where persons with disabilities generally are marginalised.
Geloof, gelykheid en die beskeie sistemiese rol van eiendomsreg in die Beloftebos-saak
Authors: du Plessis E
Published: April 2021

Vroeg in 2020 het 'n trou-venue in die Kaapstad-omgewing geweier dat twee vroue met mekaar trou op hul perseel. Dit sal inbreuk maak op hul eie geloofsoortuigings, het die eienaars beweer. Baie mense het ter ondersteuning van die optrede aangevoer dat die besigheid die reg van toegang tot die perseel mag voorbehou. Op grond van sekere inhoudsbevoegdhede wat spruit uit eiendomsreg, soos die bevoegdheid om toegang te weier op grond van geloofsoortuigings, het die eienaars vervolgens geargumenteer dat die uitsluiting regverdigbaar was. Eiendomsreg hou sekere belangrike bevoegdhede vir die eienaar in, soos om iemand van jou eiendom te kan uitsluit. Sommige mense sal redeneer dat 'n kontekstuele benadering vereis dat daar in spesifieke omstandighede bepaal word of - en tot watter mate - uitsluiting geregverdig is. Ander aanvaar dat die reg om mense uit te sluit absoluut en duidelik in reëls vasgevat is, en dat dit die basis van die reg tot eiendom vorm. Meer progressiewe eiendoms-teorieë bied normatiewe argumente wat die beperking van eiendomsreg ondersteun - soos dat menswaardigheid belangrik is, of dat uitsluiting in elk geval onderworpe is aan soveel ander voorwaardes dat 'n eenvoudige reeling van "bly uit!" nie neergelê kan word nie. AJ van der Walt voer egter aan dat eiendomsreg eintlik 'n beskeie sistemiese rol in die reg speel - soos dit hoort. Met ander woorde, in sommige gevalle word verskille wat handel oor eiendomsgebruik besieg deur eerder nie-eiendomsregte, soos die reg op lewe, menswaardigheid, gelykheid en vryheid van spraak, te beskerm. In hierdie gevalle speel eiendomsreg 'n beskeie of ondergeskikte rol. Daar is dikwels belangrike en sistemiese redes hoekom dergelike regte, wat nie regstreeks met eiendom verband hou nie, bo eiendomsregte beskerm moet word. Aan die hand van die bogenoemde teorie beoog hierdie artikel om die rol en plek van eiendomsregreëls te ondersoek in gevalle waar eienaars steun op die inhoudsbevoegdheid van uitsluiting op grond van geloofsoortuigings.
Die Grondwet, kerke en gays se regte: Suid-Afrikaanse gevallestudies
Authors: Dü Pisani K
Published: April 2021

Die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet beskerm gay persone teoreties teen onbillike diskriminasie op grond van seksuele oriëntasie. In die praktyk word die grondwetlike waarborg van beskerming teen diskriminasie gereeld negeer, onder meer in kerke se indiensnemingspraktyke. Hierdie artikel ontleed twee gevallestudies waar werknemers van kerke hul werkgewers hof toe geneem het oor beweerde onbillike diskriminasie op grond van hul seksuele oriëntasie. In beide gevalle was die opweging van grondwetlike regte, spesifiek die reg op gelykheid teenoor die regte op vryheid van godsdiens en van assosiasie, op die spel. Weliswaar het die twee sake uiteenlopende uitkomste gehad, maar in beide gevalle het dit geblyk dat Suid-Afrikaanse howe onwillig bly om in die leerstellings en interne sake van kerke in te meng en verkies om hulle uitsprake te beperk tot die kerke se korrekte en billike toepassing van hul eie beleid en prosedures. Dus is gay persone wat die burgerlike howe nader oor onbillike diskriminasie nie op grond van grondwetlike waarborge vanselfsprekend verseker van sukses nie. Interne skikking binne die kerke bly die voorkeuropsie vir die beslegting van sulke geskille. Internasionaal en in Suid-Afrika is daar 'n positiewe tendens dat houdings ten gunste van gay regte vinnig veld wen in die samelewing, insluitende godsdiensgemeenskappe, en dat selfs in konserwatiewe hoofstroomkerke gelyke regte vir gays spoedig 'n realiteit behoort te wees.
Godsdiens en die reg: Herwaardering van die Hervormde Kerk se Besluit 41 (2016) oor homoseksualiteit
Authors: Janse van Rensburg A , Dreyer W
Published: April 2021

Een van die ingrypende, traumatiese en emosiebelaaide kwessies waaroor kerke in die laaste twee dekades besluite geneem het, is homoseksualiteit en die toelating van gay mense tot die amp van predikant. Hierdie bydrae handel oor Besluit 41 (2016) wat die Algemene Kerkvergadering van die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika (Hervormde Kerk) oor homoseksualiteit geneem het. Besluit 41 (2016) word terugskouend, op grond van tersaaklike kerkregtelike beginsels, beoordeel en herwaardeer, met enkele opmerkinge oor die regsimplikasies daarvan. Tradisioneel moet kerkvergaderings die Bybel, belydenisskrifte, kerkorde, besluite van vorige vergaderings en usansie in gedagte hou wanneer daar oor 'n saak besin en besluit word. In hierdie bydrae word geredeneer dat die beginsel van administratiewe geregtigheid ook ter sake is, nie net uit vrees dat howe 'n kerklike besluit ter syde kan stel nie, maar omdat dit 'n inherente deel van die Christelike kerk is om mense met liefde en billikheid te behandel. Daarbenewens is die plek en die funksie van die kerkorde as onderlinge kontrak ter sake. Dit beteken dat ook die kontraktereg ter sprake kom wanneer die hof kerklike besluite hersien. So voldoen kerklike besluite nie net aan die eise van die Woord nie, maar ook indirek aan die bedoeling van die Grondwet van Suid-Afrika.
De griffier en de evangelist: Verkennende gedachten over methodologische kruisbestuivingen van recht en Bijbelwetenschap
Authors: Judo F
Published: April 2021

Aan de hand van een negental voorbeelden wordt in deze bijdrage onderzocht hoe rechtswetenschap en religiewetenschap, en met name Bijbelwetenschap, tot een bredere interactie kunnen komen, zoals reeds het geval is in de sfeer van recht en literatuur. Daarbij wordt in het bijzonder geprobeerd recente en minder recente debatten uit de Bijbelwetenschap in verband te brengen met pijnpunten in de juridische interpretatieleer. Zo wordt onder meer ingegaan op vraagstukken van het auteurschap, de canonisering, de beoogde lezer, achterliggende polemieken en de aanwezigheid van fictionaliteit in juridische teksten. De stelling van de auteur is dat vooral methodologische vragen aanleiding kunnen geven tot een vruchtbare dialoog tussen recht en religie.
Hendrik van Harclay (ca.1270-1317) se kritiese Skotisme, afgelei uit sy Quaestiones Ordinaire (1312-1317)
Authors: Beükes J
Published: April 2021

Hierdie artikel bied 'n oorsig oor die lewenswerk en 'n interpretasie van die belangrikste uitset van 'n onderbeskrewe denker in die hoogskolastiek aan: Hendrik van Harclay (ca.1270-1317), voormalige kanselier van die Universiteit van Oxford en biskop van Lincoln (vanaf 1312 tot 1317) se geredigeerde nalatenskap, tot op datum nog net byeengebring in die 29 vrae in sy Quaestiones Ordinaire en geskryfjuis in die produktiewe periode tussen 1312 en 1317, word aan die orde gestel met betrekking tot sy ooreenstemmingsteorie (in kritiese verset teen sy andersins vernaamste diskursiewe invloed, Johannes Duns Skotus (ca.1266-1308) se teorie van algemene natuur of natura communis), sy unieke en selfs "Harcliaanse" konseptualisme, sy beskouinge oor die ontologiese status van relasionele toevallighede, sy toepassing daarvan op 'n etiese raamwerk met verwysing na die verhouding tussen deug en wil en sy eg Franciskaanse prioritisering van die wil bo die intellek. Deur Harclay se Skotisme uitdruklik as krities te substansieer, lewer die artikel 'n noemenswaardige bydrae in die betreklik jong resepsie van hierdie ontwykende filosoof-teoloog se bydrae tot hoog skolastiese ontwikkelinge in die vroeë14de eeu.
Burgerschapsonderwijs in Nederland en Zuid-Afria: Een vergelijkende studie
Authors: Broer  , Wolhuter  , van der Walt H
Published: April 2021

Globalisering en internationalisering hebben zelfs landen die geografisch gezien op grote afstand van elkaar liggen dichter bij elkaar gebracht dan ooit tevoren, ook voor wat betreft het wederzijdse kennis nemen van de ontwikkelingen op het gebied van burgerschapsonderwijs. Ontwikkelde Europese landen, waaronder Nederland, en zich ontwikkelende landen in Afrika, waaronder Zuid-Afrika, zijn de afgelopen tijd geconfronteerd met vergelijkbare uitdagingen, zoals een toestroom van migranten, die heeft geleid tot meer multiculturalisme. In deze studie wordt onderzocht hoe het Nederlandse en het Zuid-Afrikaanse onderwijssysteem reageerden op de nieuwe uitdagingen en hoe hun reacties van invloed zijn op burgerschapsonderwijs. Het bleek dat, hoewel de beleidsmakers in deze beide landen het effect van de nieuwe omstandigheden op het maatschappelijk leven erkennen, ze het tot nu toe niet nodig vonden om burgerschapsonderwijs als een zelfstandig schoolvak op te nemen in de schoolcurricula.
Die opstuwende geesteswetenskappe-inskrywings aan Hoëronderwysinstellings wêreldwyd
Authors: Wolhuter C
Published: April 2021

Hierdie artikel bied 'n bestekopname en kritiese, sinsoekende bevraging van die geesteswetenskappe as 'n kollektief aan universiteite en binne die samelewing van die een-en-twintigste eeu. Nadat universiteite vir baie lank op die rand van die samelewing was, het die universiteit as instelling na die middelpunt beweeg sedert die middel van die twintigste eeu, en meer so sedert die aanbreek van die wêreldwye hoëronderwysrevolusie vanaf ongeveer 1990. Deel van die massifikasie wat die hoofkenmerk van hierdie revolusie is, is die toename in geesteswetenskappe-inskrywings. In die lig van die eise wat die huidige eeu se ontvouende samelewing aan hoër onderwys stel, is hierdie tendens te verwelkom. Die grootste leemte is dat daar geen dienooreenkomstige navorsingsaktiwiteit is om hierdie studentekorps of hul dosente te begelei tot die beste onderwys en onderwysstelselpraktyk nie. In die slotgedeelte van hierdie artikel word enkele aanbevelings vir die agenda van so 'n navorsingsprojek gemaak.
Vryheid van uitdrukking: Godslastering en die verbod op godsdienstige haatspraak
Authors: van Culler H
Published: April 2021

Artikel 16 van die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet waarborg die reg op vryheid van uitdrukking. Hierdie reg geld egter nie sonder beperking nie en sekere beperkings is nie hierby ingesluit nie. Artikel 16(2)(c) is die bepaling waarna in die algemeen verwys word as die "haat-spraakbepaling", naamlik uitdrukkinge gerig op die verkondiging van haat wat op godsdiens gebaseer is en wat aanhitsing om leed te doen, insluit. 'n Belangrike aspek van die reg op vryheid van uitdrukking en veral die verbod op haatspraak is die reg op godsdienstige waardigheid, wat insluit om nie op grond van ander se geloof, godsdiens, oortuigings of godsdienstige handelinge geviktimiseer, bespot of belaster te word nie. Ooreenkomstig ons gemenereg is godslastering steeds 'n misdaad wat bestaan uit die wederregtelike, opsetlike publikasie van woorde of optrede waardeur God beledig of belaster word. Tans vorm die gemeenregtelike misdaad van godslastering steeds deel van die Suid-Afrikaanse reg en dit is deur geen wetgewing formeel herroep of selfs ongrondwetlik verklaar nie, hoewel daar verskeie oproepe is wat die bestaansreg van hierdie misdaad in twyfel trek. Met verwysing na verskeie uitsprake van ons howe, is dit duidelik dat die betekenis van die gemeenregtelike misdaad, godslastering, soos dit ook deur ons howe ontwikkel en geïnterpreteer is, ooreenkomstig artikel 39 van die Grondwet aangepas en ontwikkel moet word en binne die raamwerk van die haatspraakbepaling en gevolglike vereistes daarvan verstaan en toegepas moet word.
Prevalence of pathological neck of femur fractures in patients undergoing arthroplasty at a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Khan Suhayl , Wadee Naweed , Burger Marilize , Ferreira Nando , Jordaan Jacobus
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pathological neck of femur (NOF) fractures at a tertiary referral hospital through histological examination of specimens in all NOF fracture patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. A secondary aim was to determine whether the current practice of sending all femoral heads for histological evaluation, to avoid missing unsuspected malignancies, is financially warranted. METHODS: A retrospective folder review of patients who underwent arthroplasty for NOF fractures was conducted. Patients with suspected pathological fractures were managed by the divisional Bone Tumour Unit while fragility traumatic fractures were managed by the Arthroplasty Unit. All femoral heads were sent for histological analysis regardless of suspicion of pathological fracture. Quotes from the public and private sector were sought to determine cost implications of sending femoral head specimens for histology. RESULTS: A total of 311 patients were included. Of these, 11 patients (4%) had suspected pathological fractures, with fragility/traumatic fractures being diagnosed in the remaining 300 patients (97%). Histology results were available for 195 patients (63%), including all the patients with suspected pathological fractures. No unexpected malignant histological results were observed, while nine of the suspected pathological fracture group had pathological fractures, confirmed with histology. CONCLUSION: Pathological lesions were identified in 3% of patients undergoing arthroplasty for NOF fractures in our population, which is higher than other reports in the literature. Routine histological screening of femoral heads to exclude pathological fracture might not be necessary and cost effective, as pathological lesions can accurately be identified by clinical and radiographic evaluation. Level of evidence: Level 4 Keywords: femoral head histology, pathological fracture, neck of femur fracture, metastases, hip arthroplasty
Spatiotemporal processing of broadband signals based on the linear prediction model
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Zima Daria , Sokolova Darya ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Spector Alexander ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

The main developments in the field of radar surveillance systems are aimed at studying their functioning, taking into account the influence of various factors, such as the effect of interference. The most important thing seems to be the detection of a broadband signal, which makes it possible to increase the range and speed resolution. This raises the problem of suppressing broadband interference with existing methods. The paper develops methods for processing broadband signals in the presence of active interference as applied to the use in systems with various variants of spatio-temporal antenna elements, in particular on the example of linear antenna arrays. The approach is based on the representation of signals and interference recorded by a digital antenna array in the form of multidimensional spatiotemporal processes, i.e. functions of spatial and temporal coordinates. This is due to both the spatial distribution of the antenna array elements and the spatial distribution of interference. Bayesian signal detector is the optimal algorithm and has the best characteristics, but at the same time its practical implementation is extremely difficult, carried out in the field of spatiotemporal coordinates. The investigated processing algorithms are based on the linear prediction model, i.e. by using the model of a Markov random process to describe interference on spatially distributed antenna elements. Particular attention is paid to the development of algorithms that can be implemented with limited computing resources and work in real time, which is a problem of statistical methods of signal processing.
Calculation of substitution scheme parameters inductive-conductive heater
Authors:   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Yakutsk, Russian Federation, Elshin Anatoly , Kozhukhov Vyacheslav ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Elshin Petr ,   SibPolymerStroy LLC, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

To reduce production costs in the design and creation of an inductive-conductive heater (ICH), it is necessary to carry out a preliminary calculation as accurately as possible. This is possible when using the most approximate electrical circuit for replacing the ICH to a real object. It becomes possible to assess the work of the ICH in various operating conditions, including emergency conditions, using simpler modeling. An inductive-conductive heater transformertype is a three-rod W-shaped magnetic circuit with primary windings, which are covered by a heat exchanger (HE) of three concentric systems of electrically conductive cylinders with an internal slotted channel for the coolant. The energy from the mains supply is inductively transferred to the heat exchanger through the air gap by means of the primary winding. The secondary circuit of an electromagnetic device is a heat exchanger in which electrical energy is converted into heat. The heat flux from the heated cylindrical walls of the HE conductively heats the coolant circulating in the system to the required temperature. The large surface area of the HE allows you to avoid its overheating in relation to the coolant, which has a positive effect during the operation of the ICH in heating and hot water supply systems, significantly reducing the deposition of water impurities on the walls of the HE. The service life of the device is increased to 100 thousand hours or more. In the work, the synthesis of elements of the ICH equivalent circuit is carried out and the results of calculating the characteristics of the stationary mode of a number of products are presented. The equivalent circuit allows you to simulate electromagnetic processes in devices of different power, voltage and industrial frequencies in the range of 50…1000 Hz. If the configuration of the heating chamber (secondary circuit) is changed, the parameters of the elements of the equivalent circuit are adjusted without changing the general construction algorithm. For new products of inductive-conductive heating, there are no bibliographic data for calculating the elements of the equivalent circuit, especially regarding the formation of the replacement circuit of the secondary circuit, determined by the design of the heating chamber. To fill this gap, the authors have done this work.
Homo Ludens, Machine Ludens: The Way to Ideal Neural Network and Background of Posthumanism
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Ivanchenko Maria , Arkhipov Pavel ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

The article consists of an introduction, a main part with three sections and a conclusion. The purpose of the study is to disclose the content of the concepts of “A Man Playing”, “A Machine Playing”, “Posthumanism” and “Essentiocognitivism”; review current advances in artificial intelligence and neural networks. The article focuses on the philosophy of posthumanism in the context of its application in machine learning, as well as a new philosophical concept called “essentiocognitivism” in its relation to artificial intelligence. The object of the study is the philosophical concept of essentiosocognitivism. The subject of the article is the consideration of certain aspects of this concept related to artificial intelligence as a “playing machine” and the positioning of a human being in the world of posthumanism. In the course of the work, critical methodology was used, on the basis of which the strengths and weaknesses of artificial neural networks were highlighted, the current state of the most famous playing neural networks, such as OpenAI and Alpha series from DeepMind, was analyzed, and the upcoming development of AI is considered in the context of a technological singularity. A philosophical comprehension has been made of certain aspects of essentiocognitivism, which play an important role in the history of the development of posthumanism. It is noted that the future of neural networks is largely determined by the gaming industry and moves towards the creation of a strong artificial intelligence, like the Playing Machine. Scientific novelty consists in examining a fundamentally new concept in the history of philosophy and substantiating the place and role of AI in the evolution of intelligent man. In the course of work, it was revealed that AI and, in particular, promising neural networks allow us to predict the probable future of mankind. As a basic thesis, we use the position derived from biological sciences that the evolution of the species Homo sapiens is not over, and will continue in a technological manner. As a result of the study, a working concept of essentiocognitivism was introduced, and the conclusion was made that trans- and posthumanism can solve many global problems of mankind. It is emphasized that the future lies in the creation of a strong AI.
Non-parametric identification of thermal control system elements
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Sibstrin), Russian Federation, Boeva Vasilisa , Voskoboinikov Yuri ,   Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Sibstrin), Russian Federation,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Mansurov Rustam ,   Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Sibstrin), Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

The thermal control system “Heater-Fan-Room” is represented by three different-type interconnected simpler subsystems. In this paper, a “black-box” whose structure is not specified is used as a mathematical model of the system and subsystems due to complexity of physical processes proceeding in these subsystems. For stationary linear systems, the connection between an input and an output of the “black-box” is defined by the Volterra integral equation of the first kind with an undetermined difference kernel also known as impulse response in the automatic control theory. In such a case, it is necessary to evaluate an unknown impulse response to use the “black-box” model and formulate all subsystems and the system as a whole. This condition complicates significantly the solution search of non-parametric identification problems in the system because an output of one subsystem is an input of another subsystem, so active identification schemes are unappropriated. Formally, an impulse response evaluation is a solution of the integral equation of the first kind for its kernel by registered noise-contaminated discrete input and output values. This problem is ill-posed because of the possible solution instability (impulse response evaluation in this case) relative to measurement noises in initial data. To find a unique stable solution regularizing algorithms are used, but the specificity of the impulse response identification experiment in the “Heater-Fan-Room” system do not allow applying computational methods of these algorithms (a system of linear equations or discrete Fourier transformation). In this paper, the authors propose two specific identification algorithms for complex technical systems. In these algorithms, impulse responses are evaluated using first derivatives of identified system signals that are stably calculated by smoothing cubic splines with an original smoothing parameter algorithm. The results of the complex “Heater-Fan-Room” system modeling and identification prove the efficiency of the algorithms proposed. Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-38-90041.
Growth and physical properties of CaSrBaF6 single crystals
Authors: Ushakov Sergey N. , Uslamina Maria A. , Pynenkov Aleksandr A. , Mishkin Vladimir P. , Nishchev Konstantin N. , Kuznetsov Sergey V. , Chernova Elena V. , Fedorov Pavel P.
Published: April 2021

Using the Bridgman-Stockbarger method, crystals of triple fluoride CaF2-SrF2-BaF2 were grown in a composition range similar to that of CaSrBaF6. The crystals were 10-12 mm in diameter and 50–60 mm in length. The CaSrBaF6 crystal is a new optical material which is transparent in the mid-IR, visible and UV ranges. The uneven distribution of the components along the length of the crystal did not exceed 10 %. The edge of the absorption band in the IR range was 14.3 μm, and the optical absorption at the wavelength of 200 nm did not exceed 18 % (less than 0.2 cm–1). The refraction indices were 1.4527, 1.4488, and 1.4458 for the wavelengths of 633, 969, and 1539 nm respectively. The crystal melts in the temperature range of 1150–1210 °С. The CaSrBaF6 composition is an appropriate matrix for doping with rare-earth ions in order to obtain functional single-crystal and ceramic materials of the visible and IR ranges.
Synthesis and experimental study of liquid dispersions of magnetic fluorescent polystyrene microspheres
Authors: Shalaev Pavel V. , Bondina Ekaterina V. , Sankova Natalya N. , Parkhomchuk Ekaterina V. , Dolgushin Sergey A.
Published: April 2021

Multiplex microsphere-based immunofluorescence assay is a reliable, accurate, and highly sensitive method for the detection of various biomolecules. However, for the moment, the wide application of the method in clinical practice is prevented by the high cost of reagents for analysis - magnetic spectrally encoded microspheres. Therefore, an urgent task is the development of new methods for the synthesis of microspheres with the required properties. The aim of this study was the creation of new magnetic fluorescent microspheres suitable for use in multiplex immunoassay.Samples of magnetic fluorescent polystyrene microspheres were synthesized by dispersion polymerization and two-stage swelling methods. Experimental studies of geometric parameters, fluorescence, magnetic properties of the synthesized microspheres have been carried out.The results of the studies have shown that microspheres synthesized by dispersion polymerization are promising for the use in immunofluorescence analysis. The obtained results can be used for the development of new diagnostic multiplex test systems based on spectrally encoded microspheres.
The Spread of Gig Economy: Trends and Effects
Authors:   Bennett University, Banik Nilanjan , Padalkar Milind ,   Bennett University
Published: April 2021

The development of online communication platforms has given rise to the phenomenon of the gig economy. A new economic model that embraces a variety of forms of short-term employment is rapidly spreading around the world, becoming an everyday reality and transforming the labor market. The article analyzes the factors influencing the dynamics of this process and its main effects. Testing the main hypothesis showed that the development of technological infrastructure, despite its importance, does not fully explain the unevenness of the penetration of the gig economy and the variations in its impact upon different sectors, professions, and skill levels. Gig economy drivers are subject to further study, but already now we can state the need for targeted measures to adapt the economy to the new model, including retraining or creating alternative employment opportunities for “traditional” workers giving up jobs in favor of gig-employed ones.
Determination Of The Characteristics Of Polymer-Containing Electronic Elements Using A Mobile Device
Authors: Et. al. Sharibayev Nosirjon Yusufjanovich,
Published: April 2021

In solar energy, which is one of the main solutions to the problems of alternative energy, the use of low-power solar energy and experiments on sensitive photocells have been planned and improved to create a mobile device that increases efficiency and speed of work.
Role Of Intuition And Mindfulness On Problem - Solving:– A Review
Authors: Et. al. Abirami Swaminathan,
Published: April 2021

The aim of this review was to understand the features and functions of two apparently conflicting constructs “intuition” and “mindfulness” with specific focus on problem solving. Literature published between 2010 and 2020 was searched and retrieved from data bases including Research Gate, PsycINFO, EBSCO, Crossref, Medline, PubMed and Scopus, using the key words “intuition”, “mindfulness”, “intuition and problem solving”, “mindfulness and problem solving” and “intuition and mindfulness” for the study. The relationship between the two constructs was analysed within the dual process system of information processing. It was also investigated whether mindfulness would facilitate access to intuition and contribute to problem solving, or function complementary to each other. Analysis of published literature revealed that while the construct ‘intuition’ could be fitted into non-conscious system of cognitive process, the construct ‘mindfulness’ was related to conscious cognitive processing system, and therefore appeared to be contradictory. A critical evaluation of the relationship between the two constructs revealed a symbiotic relationship and emphasized the need to develop an integrated model to trigger intuition in mindful state with regard to problem-solving or decision-making.
Chaotic Duck Traveler Optimization (cDTO) Algorithm for Feature Selection in Breast Cancer Dataset Problem
Authors: Et. al. Krishnaveni Arumugam,
Published: April 2021

Objective: 1 of every 3 individuals will be determined to have malignancy in the course of their life. Currently, there are more than 3.8 million ladies who have been determined to have breast malignancy in the United States. 2021 is practically around the bend, yet there's still an ideal opportunity to help ladies confronting breast malignancy in 2020. In this paper, chaotic based duck travel optimization (cDTO) meta-heuristic algorithm is introduced to classifying the input images from Mammogram Image Analysis Society (MIAS) database. Methods: Linear Discriminant Analysis is used to extract the mammogram image features. (cDTO-LDA) is an intrinsic algorithm to remove irrelevant features and select the optimal features by using wavelet families Haar (harr), db4 (daubechies), bior4.4 (Biorthogonal), Symlets (SYM8), “Discrete” FIR approximation of Meyer wavelet (dmey) features. Results: These selected features are evaluated by the quality measures such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, error rate that are clearly shows the high exactness of cDTO classifier is 98.5%. CSA-LDA classifier has the minimum exactness. Conclusion: Algorithm efficiency is proved by the promising results achieved by the proposed algorithm for selecting the best feature of breast cancer classification.
Design And Validation Of An Instrument To Assess A Didactic Sequence Directed To Promote The Development Of Critical Thinking
Authors: Et. al. Rodríguez Sandoval, Marco Tulio,
Published: April 2021

The text responds to the validation of an instrument that has been designed to evaluate the quality of an intervention proposal aimed at promoting the development of critical thinking in students of the competence assessment diploma of the degree programs of the Caribbean University Corporation CECAR. The design was subjected to a process that began with the validation of the judges, obtaining data that were subjected to the protocol of Lawshe (1975) modified by Tristán (2008), which allowed calculating the content validity index of the instrument 0.829 or 82 , 9%, which confirms the seven proposed dimensions. Also, some recommendations from the judges regarding the writing of some items were accepted. The instrument was then subjected to the process of statistical validity by doing a pilot test with 20 products, initially calculating Cronbach's alpha of 0.912, which shows a high consistency of the construct items. Subsequently, the Guttman and Spearman-Brown reliability coefficients were determined, obtaining values ​​of the coefficient of the two halves of the construct of 0.998 that show high reliability. And at the end, the goodness of fit test of the model was carried out, estimating the variance error, common variance and true variance, estimated common inter-element correlation, estimated reliability and estimation of unbiased reliability, obtaining values ​​that demonstrate high reliability and internal consistency.
Built Environment Professionals Awareness Towards Crime Prevention Criteria In Malaysian Housing Development
Authors: Et. al. Ilias Said ,
Published: April 2021

The crime rates increase yearly concurrent with the growth of the Malaysian population. Without considering the comfortable and safe environment during the pre-development stage, housing development will increase the Malaysian crime rate. The built environment professionals know well the crime prevention criteria that should consider by housing developers. This paper examines the relationship between crime prevention criteria and awareness of built environment professionals in Malaysian housing development. The crime prevention criteria are layout design, building design, parking, access and walkways, landscape and urban design elements, lighting, safety equipment, management and maintenance, community and occupant attitude. The data collection chose quantitative methodology. In total, 191 built environment professionals working with developers registered under the Real Estate and Housing Developers Association of Malaysia (REHDA) were involved in this study. In total, the further analysis used 191 sets of questionnaires. This study's main findings are the lighting and occupant attitude significantly contribute to crime prevention that built environment professionals considered to implement in Malaysian housing.
Estimation of River Discharge from Satellite Observations
Authors: Et. al. Dhanendra Bahekar,
Published: April 2021

The role of streamflow is very important in any type of hydrologic. For very effective flood routing and hydraulic structure design, it is important to have a large dataset of past years. We now have a conceptual rainfall-runoff model that can predict streamflow based on pre-existing datasets. Because there is no or very little observed data in un-gauged basins, calibrating these models to predict daily streamflow becomes difficult. Nowadays, parameters for example river width can be observed using satellite images, and some studies show a promising associated relation between discharge and river width. The suggested study demonstrates a method for calculating streamflow from river width extracted with the help of satellite imagery. To predict streamflow, hydrological models are calibrated using river width instead of in site observed streamflow, and for estimating uncertainty Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) is used. For validation, the suggested method is implemented in the Kharun river basin situated in the Chhattisgarh state of India. The obtained Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency is 92.6 % for simulated river discharge in 2019-2020 at the 50% quantile, which is promising.
Reliability Sampling Procedure For High Priced Products
Authors: Et. al. V. Jemmy Joyce,
Published: April 2021

Life testing for very high priced products with least of sample size can be done using the procedure of sampling plan designed in this paper. The required sample size for various of operating characteristic function using new design procedure is obtained using program in OCTAVE based on Lomaxdistribution and is compared with sample size obtained based on exponential distribution.