bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whole-Body Vibration Affects Hippocampal Choline Acetyltransferase and Synaptophysin Expression and Improves Spatial Memory in Young Adult Mice
Authors: Oroszi Tamás , Huiting Wouter , Keijser Jan N. , Nyakas Csaba , van Heuvelen Marieke J. G. , van der Zee Eddy A.
Published: September 2024

Background: Beneficial effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on brain and musculoskeletal health in mice have been demonstrated, but underlying mechanisms remain relatively unrevealed. WBV improves attention and memory performance in mice, putatively through stimulation of the cholinergic system. Here, we investigated the effects of WBV on the septo-hippocampal cholinergic system. Methods: Young C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old) were subjected to 10 min WBV/day (mechanical vibration: 30 Hz; ~0.1-μm peak-to-peak displacement), 5X/week for 5 weeks. In Experiment 1, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-immunoreactivity in the septum and hippocampus was analyzed either 2 or 24 h after the last WBV session. Pseudo-WBV-treated mice (same handling procedure as WBV, but no vibrations) served as controls. In Experiment 2, the longitudinal profile of ChAT-immunoreactivity was analyzed in the hippocampus after 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 weeks of WBV. In addition, synaptophysin immunostaining was performed at either 2 and 5 weeks of WBV. Mice housed 1/cage during the entire experiment served as controls. The balance-beam test was used to monitor the functional impact of WBV. In Experiment 3, a Y-maze reference-memory test was performed after 5 weeks of WBV to obtain a functional cognitive outcome measure of WBV. Pseudo-WBV treated mice served as controls. Results: In Experiment 1, ChAT-immunoreactivity was significantly enhanced after the last WBV session of the 5-week period. This was found in the septum, Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1), CA3, and dentate gyrus, and was dependent on layer and time-point (2 or 24 h). Experiment 2 revealed that, ChAT-immunoreactivity was lower after 2 weeks of WBV, whereas it was significantly higher after 5 weeks (similar to in Experiment 1). Immunostaining for synaptophysin, a marker for synaptic density, was also significantly higher after 5 weeks of WBV, but not significantly lower after 2 weeks, as was ChAT. WBV-treated groups performed significantly better than did controls on the balance beam from week 3 onwards. Experiment 3 showed that WBV-treated mice had better spatial-reference memory performance in the Y-maze test than did pseudo-WBV controls. Conclusions: Our results indicate that WBV stimulates the septo-hippocampal cholinergic system in a gradual and dynamic way that may contribute to improved spatial-memory performance. This finding suggests that WBV, by upregulation of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic system, may be considered a valuable therapeutic strategy to enhance brain functions in aging, neurodegenerative, and other brain diseases.
Lectin YKL-40 Level and Telomere Length are Indicators of Insomnia Disorder
Authors: Li Jing , Liu Pei-Pei , Wang Yan , Ren Chong-Yang , Zhang Mei
Published: September 2024

Objective: To explore the relationship between YKL-40 level, telomere length, and different subtypes of insomnia disorder. Methods: A total of 145 individuals suffering from insomnia were enrolled and divided into four groups according to the insomniac subtypes: difficulty initiating sleep, early morning awakening, difficulty maintaining sleep, and mixed symptoms. Eighty healthy controls were also collected at the same time. Peripheral leukocyte genomic DNA was extracted, relative telomere lengths were measured using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method, and YKL-40 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Logistic regression modeling was used to analyze the correlation between different insomnia subtypes, YKL-40 level, and telomere length. Results: People with telomere lengths in the lowest tertile were more likely to have trouble falling asleep (odds ratio (OR) 2.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–3.63; p = 0.03) and had a higher frequency of mixed symptoms (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.30–2.81; p = 0.04). People in the highest tertile of YKL-40 level had an increased chance of waking up early (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.54–5.33; p = 0.01) and more mixed symptoms (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.22–2.79; p = 0.02). Furthermore, using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve of YKL-40 level and telomere length was 0.806 and 0.746, respectively. Conclusions: Telomere length in patients with difficulty initiating sleep and mixed symptoms was significantly shortened and the level of YKL-40 in people who have early morning awakening and mixed symptoms was significantly increased. Our findings provide the first evidence that leukocyte telomere length and YKL-40 level are individually linked to mixed symptoms.
Possibilities of cholangioscopy in the diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Kurdanova M. Yu. , Malikhova O. A. , Timofeev M. E. , Imaraliev O. T.
Published: September 2024

Diagnosis of the genesis of bile duct strictures is a complex task facing clinicians. The use of cholangioscopy, in particular, the SpyGlass system, is becoming increasingly relevant among oncological patients in case of unsuccessful attempts at previous morphological verification. The presented clinical case demonstrates the capabilities of cholangioscopy as a method of direct visualization of the duct system with the ability to perform a biopsy under vision control in the verification of such a pathology as primary sclerosing cholangitis. Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a rare disease of the biliary tract that requires a systematic approach to diagnosis. The primary task is to identify the etiology of strictures and early diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma.
Nurse’s role in the children’s Endoscopy department
Authors: Shumovskaya E. A. , Smetanina Y. A. , Kryshova E. V. , Solovyova L. A. , Rassadkina O. V. , Koshurnikova A. S.
Published: September 2024

Modern endoscopic possibilities in pediatric practice and the relevance of the work of the nurse of the endoscopic department are presented. The role of a nurse in assisting a doctor in endoscopic examinations and operations, ensuring the quality and safety of endoscopy, working with expensive equipment, data recording and patient monitoring is emphasized.
Stenting of the trachea with cicatricial stenosis, immediate and long-term results
Authors: Drobyazgin E. A. , Chikinev Yu. V.
Published: September 2024

The aim of study Evaluation of the results of stenting in the treatment of cicatricial stenosis of the trachea. Materials and methods During the period from 1995 to 2023, 154 patients with cicatricial stenosis of the trachea were treated (men - 109 (70.77%), women - 45 (29.22%). The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 83 years. Patients of working age (from 20 to 50 years old) were 102 (66, 23%). The causes of stenosis were: tracheostomy and / or prolonged mechanical lung ventilation through a tracheostomy tube (106-68.83%), mechanical ventilation through the orotracheal tube (38-24.67%), in 6 (3.89%) after circular resection of the trachea, in 3 (1.94%) recurrence of stenosis after tracheolaryngoplasty, in 1 (0.64%) after radiation therapy for primary tracheal cancer in the area of tumor stenosis. Results. In 69 (44.80%) patients, tracheal stenting was performed. Indications for stenting: the impossibility of performing circular resection of the trachea due to the severity of the condition (64-92.75%), preoperative preparation (2-2.89%), cicatricial narrowing of the tracheal anastomosis after circular resection of the trachea (2-2.89%), stenosis of the trachea after long-term treatment of staged treatment (tracheolaryngoplasty with the introduction of a T-shaped tube) (1-1.44%). In 67 patients silicone stents of the Dumont type were inserted, in 2 - stents made of an endotracheal tube and fixed to the neck tissues with a non-absorbable ligature. Complications in the postoperative period occurred in 22 (31,88%) patients. There were no lethal outcomes. It was possible to form a lumen sufficient for breathing in 46 (66.66%) patients. Conclusions. Tracheal stenting in patients with cicatricial tracheal stenosis is a safe and highly effective method that can be used both independently and for preoperative preparation. Restenosis that occurs after the stent removing can be corrected by stent reinsertion by circular resection of the trachea performing, if the patient’s condition allows it.
Method of endoscopic treatment of diverticulum Zenker. Clinical observation
Authors: Shapovalov A. V. , Tereshchenko S. G. , Vakurova E. S. , Verbovsky A. N.
Published: September 2024

Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) develops mainly in old age, and in general, is a rather rare disease and accounts for 1.5-5% of all esophageal diverticula. Latent course of ZD can lead to rare but severe consequences, such as swallowing disorders, regurgitation and aspiration of food, development of diverticulitis, malignancy, bleeding, and perforation during forced endoscopic examination.
First results of using percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG): indications, technique, complications and results
Authors: Potekhina E. V. , Vasilenko O. Yu. , Golikova Z. N.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (CEG) is the gold standard when it is necessary to carry out long-term (more than four weeks) enteral probe feeding or decompression of the stomach Materials and methods: During the period from 2012 to 2021, CHEG was performed in 47 patients. There were 29 men (62%) and 18 women (38%) in the study group, the average age was 74 years. The indications, contraindications, the method of setting the ECG, complications are described and analyzed. Results and discussion: During the observation, no unsuccessful attempts to install the CEG were registered. The duration of the CHEG was from 3 to 18 months. In total, 3 complications were noted - this was 6.3%, which is comparable to the literature data, where, according to various sources, the complication rate ranges from 3.7 to 35%. Conclusions: Endoscopic percutaneous gastrostomy is an affordable minimally invasive method, low-traumatic, technically simple and short-term intervention, accompanied by minimal postoperative complications. CHEG creates opportunities for an earlier start of nutrition and does not require repeated surgery to close the gastrostomy, which determines its advantages over traditional surgical access methods for enteral nutrition.
Bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Vakurova E. S. , Mokrysheva N. G. , Setdikova G. R. , Shikina V. E.
Published: September 2024

This publication examines the endoscopic semiotics of non-small cell lung cancer. It presents many years of experience in bronchoscopic studies of various forms of central lung cancer growth, the nuances of endoscopic diagnostics, interpretation of the detected changes, and discusses options for performing a biopsy.
Collegial discussion of the formation of informed voluntary consent of the Association of Medical Experts on the Quality of Medical Care on complications and adverse events during diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic interventions on the upper gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Burdyukov M. S. , Nechipay A. M. , Kuvaev R. O. , Semenova N. S. , Alekseev A. V. , Petrov S. P. , Vatolin V. M. , Nikonov E. L. , Duvansky V. A. , Korzheva I. Yu. , Belova G. V. , Zavyalov M. O. , Pirogov S. S. , Prikhodchenko A. O. , Filin A. A.
Published: September 2024

Informed voluntary consent (IVC) for endoscopic intervention is a medical and legal document, the purpose of which is to regulate the relationship between the patient, doctor and clinic. This is an information document that reveals the essence and risks for the patient of a specific endoscopic intervention. Such information and details of the risks associated with the provision of medical care should be a mandatory element of the IVC (Federal Law of 21.11.2011 No. 323-FZ "On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation"). The reason for organizing and holding a series of events under the auspices of the Association of Medical Experts in the Quality of Medical Care in order to form versions of "Informed Voluntary Consent ..." in the specialty of "endoscopy" that meet modern legal standards was their absence, as such. The result of these events was the creation of IVC in the main areas of endoscopy, including endoscopic interventions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The principles of formation and filling of the IDS with standardized information related to the nature of diagnostic/therapeutic interventions in the upper gastrointestinal tract and their possible complications form the basis of this report.
VIII season of the UralEndo forum Tobolsk plenary session, April 26-27, 2024
Authors: Ivantsova M. A.
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the plenum of the leaders of the UralEndo forum, held on April 26-27, 2024 in Tobolsk - the city that is rightfully the spiritual heart of the Urals and western Siberia, the cultural and historical center of Russia, where the current state tasks of primary health care development are closely intertwined with the tasks of preserving the best traditions of domestic medicine for the benefit of patients and our native country! In brief overview of the plenum events, the main topics are briefly presented, the achievements and problems of endoscopy in the huge Ural region are summarized, the main working tasks of the forum for the near future are formulated with reference to modern promising methods of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment based on advanced Russian and international experience of their introduction into broad clinical practice at all levels of medical care, starting from the primary level.
2024 Assessment of Virginia’s Information Ecology of the Disability Services System
Authors: Lee Myeong , Abubakr Latifah , Shrivastava Tulsi , Hsu Julia Hsin-ping , Whitman Samantha A , Kim Pyeonghwa
Published: September 2024

Access to disability services information depends on many factors, from an individual’s digital literacy, social connections and physical mobility to the interface design of websites. However, it is also true that the availability of disability services information (e.g., how to apply for a Medicaid Waiver) and how such information is managed and provided to end users in Virginia are also critical factors that shape people’s information access. This assessment focuses on understanding the latter, namely, the “information ecology” of disability services in Virginia. Specifically, we examine how service providers, both governmental and non-governmental agencies, manage information about disability services, the challenges staff face in providing information, and how different types of information are communicated and shared across different providers.Findings based on survey and interview data analysis suggest that service providers in different sectors face common challenges in managing and providing information to people with disabilities and their family members. Still, providers also must deal with unique challenges specific to their service sectors. For example, common challenges in managing and providing information include language barriers, community outreach to underrepresented groups, misinformation and resource constraints. Meanwhile, state agencies reported that they found it difficult to manage and provide information consistently due to staff turnover, inconsistent workflows and varying use of information systems. Local agencies, such as Community Services Boards (CSBs), often took on additional work as they provided information to people from other jurisdictions or states. Non-governmental agencies, such as nonprofits and advocacy organizations, often became a first-stop shop for any informational queries, as many people found it easier to contact non-governmental agencies rather than go directly to governmental agencies.Within the information ecology of disability services, diverse providers play different roles in providing information about disability services while sometimes being disconnected from each other, creating “information silos.” We developed recommendations to reduce the managerial and ecological issues hindering people’s information access. Implementing these recommendations would help the Commonwealth continue to improve the management of key information in Virginia, allowing people to have consistent access to information through diverse channels.
UKRN Local Network Lead Guidebook
Authors: Westwood Samuel James , Hird Diane L , Ballou Nick , Belyk Michel , Bokhove Christian , Chester-Jones Mae , Cipora Krzysztof , Conner Alden F , Crump Andrew , Crüwell Sophia , Ellis David Alexander , Gawned Will , Gray Helen , Hellon Victoria , Jordan Crispin Yves , Lahart Ian M , Lukose Cecil Cherian , Makin Alexis David James , Norris Emma , Orben Amy , Pennington Charlotte , Rinke Eike Mark , Soliman Nadia , Stewart Suzanne L. K. , Zloteanu Mircea
Published: September 2024

A short guidebook developed by UKRN Local Network Leads (LNLs) to enable new and current LNLs to understand their role, plan objectives and activities, and be aware of the many benefits of being an LNL.
Large Language Models
Authors: Gruber Johannes B. , Votta Fabio
Published: September 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a significant advancement for the field of political communication. Their capabilities for the study of language vastly surpass previous approaches, enabling a wider and more generalized array of applications. The introduction of models like BERT revolutionized political communication research by enhancing the accuracy of text classification tasks. However, it was the release of ChatGPT that captured widespread public attention, establishing LLMs as a cornerstone of artificial intelligence in public perception.This entry examines the role of LLMs in political communication research, tracing their development, key concepts, and discussing opportunities and challenges. LLMs can reduce costs while improving accuracy compared to traditional methods of content analysis. Generative LLMs (gLLMs), such as those developed by OpenAI, have pushed the boundaries of text understanding and generation. Besides these advancements, significant concerns remain regarding biases, reproducibility, and ethical considerations. Addressing these challenges is crucial for harnessing the potential of LLMs.
Neural correlates of the sense of agency in free and coerced moral decision-making among civilians and military personnel
Authors: Caspar Emilie A. , Rovai Antonin , Lo Bue Salvatore , Cleeremans Axel
Published: September 2024

The sense of agency (SoA), the feeling of being the author for one’s actions and their outcomes, is a critical factor in decision-making, particularly in moral contexts. While prior research has explored its neural correlates, most studies have focused on neutral tasks and convenience samples, overlooking the impact of moral decision-making. In addition, previous studies mostly focused on classic convenience samples, ignoring that some social environments may influence how authorship in moral decision-making is processed, such as the military. This study investigated the neural correlates of SoA in civilians and military personnel during moral decision-making, examining free and coerced choices in both agent and commander roles. Using an fMRI paradigm where participants could either freely choose or follow orders to inflict a mild shock on a victim, we assessed SoA through temporal binding (TB)—a temporal distortion that occurs when individuals make voluntary compared to less voluntary decisions. Our findings suggested that SoA is reduced when following orders compared to acting freely in both the agent role and the commander role. Several brain regions correlated with TB, notably the occipital lobe, the superior frontal gyrus, the middle frontal gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the precuneus, and the lateral occipital cortex. Importantly, no differences emerged between military and civilians at corrected thresholds, suggesting that the daily environment has only a small influence on the neural basis involved in moral decision-making, opening the path to a greater generalizability of the findings.
Examining the impact of a brief compassion focused intervention on everyday experiences of compassion in autistic adults through psychophysiology and experience sampling
Authors: Sherwell Chase Samuel , Varley Deanna , Kinnane Claudia , Turner Wesley , Zimmerman David , Kirby James N.
Published: September 2024

Autistic adults experience greater rates of anxiety and depression compared to the general population. Compassion-focused therapy interventions, aimed at promoting self-compassion capabilities, have shown efficacy in improving mental health outcomes in autistic and non- autistic samples suffering from self-criticism that contribute to difficulties in emotion regulation. We explored the experiences of autistic adults during a brief one-week online self- compassion exercise to evaluate it’s feasibility and acceptability through self-report, experience sampling, and parasympathetic activity measured via HRV. Pre- to post- intervention comparisons showed significant improvement in trait self-compassion and fears of self-compassion, but this did not extend to acute measures of psychological distress1(depression, anxiety, and stress) nor difficulties in emotion regulation. HRV measures displayed significant increases during self-compassionate practice, although there were no significant changes in physiological reactivity pre- to post-intervention. Experience sampling measures found that whether participants acted on opportunities to be self-compassionate was predictive of concurrent evaluations of affective system activation, whereby acting self- compassionately was associated with greater reported activation of drive and soothing affective systems, and reduced activation of the threat affective system. Together, our findings support the use of multimodal approaches to investigating the accessibility and efficacy of compassion-focused approaches to resolving emotional difficulties experienced by autistic adults.
On Some Multivariate Analysis
Authors: K.C. Bal Kumar
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
Global Population Growth and Nepal
Authors: Gurung Harka
Published: September 2024

Not available.
Improvement Needed in Nepalese Banking Activities
Authors: Pradhanang Aishwarya Lal
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
Population Policy in Nepal: A Multi Sectoral Approach
Authors: Pudasaini Som
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
(De)Bordering between Human and Non-Human Bodies in Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun
Authors: Thapa Hukum
Published: September 2024

This research paper explores various circumstances of de bordering between human and non-human bodies in Ishiguru’s Klara and the Sun. In this novel, Klara represents non-human body whereas Josie, her family members and others embody human bodies. The article investigates the ways in which Klara, the Artificial Friend or Robot, behaves similarly to human beings and serves to conflate the roles of AI and human bodies. It goes on to examine the various settings in which human and non-human bodies border and de-border inside the storytelling. It contends that AI’s emotional complexity, interaction with human beings and perceptions of the world reinforce to unfold the bordering and de bordering between human and non- human bodies. For this purpose, this study primarily employs the perspectives of Donna Haraway and N.K. Hayles about cyborgs and post human. It expects to open up a new approach for further research on boundaries of human and non-human bodies in
Factors Influencing Attitude towards Adaptation of AI among Business Students
Authors: Bati Sanjeevani , Rokaya Ngima Sangmo , Sherpa Nyima Choezom , Gupta Rishi
Published: September 2024

This study examines the attitudes of business students in the Kathmandu Valley towards the adaptation of Artificial Intelligence (AI). A sample of 185 respondents participated in the study. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The research focused on business education due to the critical importance of skills such as critical thinking, research proficiency, and effective communication. The study assessed five factors influencing student attitudes towards AI adaptation: exposure to AI, trust in AI technology, awareness and knowledge of AI, behavioral intentions towards AI use, and personal experiences with AI. The findings confirm a positive relationship between business students’ attitudes toward using AI and the identified influencing factors. The study suggests conducting future research through longitudinal studies to track attitude changes after students enter the workforce. It also recommends expanding the participant pool to include diverse disciplines and universities across Nepal for better generalizability. Additionally, exploring how negative AI experiences impact attitudes, addressing selection bias through varied data collection methods, and assessing AI's effects on psychomotor and critical thinking skills are advised.
Effect of Loyalty, Awareness, Social Media Platforms, and Social Influencers on the Growth of the Fashion Industry in Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Selina , Tamrakar Sujal , Gurung Tenzing , Shrestha Sushant
Published: September 2024

This research paper investigates the various factors contributing to the overall growth of the Nepalese fashion industry, focusing on the roles of customer loyalty, brand awareness, social media platforms, and social influencers. A quantitative analysis was conducted using data collected from 100 respondents residing in the Kathmandu Valley. The respondents, primarily fashion consumers and social media users, completed a set of questionnaires utilizing a 5-point Likert Scale. The data was analyzed using ANOVA, regression analysis, and correlation analysis to identify the specific factors driving the expansion of the fashion sector in Nepal. The findings reveal that brand awareness, the use of social media platforms, and the influence of social influencers significantly contribute to the growth of the Nepalese fashion industry. In contrast, customer loyalty was found to have no significant effect on this growth. Understanding these contributing factors allows brands and retailers to better comprehend consumer behavior and formulate effective strategies to enhance their market presence in the fashion industry. The study suggests that fashion brands should focus on increasing brand awareness and leveraging social media platforms and influencers to engage consumers effectively. Future research could explore the long-term effects of these factors on consumer behavior and industry growth.
The Effect of Social Media Influencer on Brand Switching Behavior of Millennial and Generation Z
Authors: Singh Sirjana , Bajracharya Shrija , Rijal Samragyee , Shrestha Srista , Singh Shivanth
Published: September 2024

This study examines the effect of social media influencers on brand switching behaviors among Millennials and Generation Z in urban areas of Nepal, specifically focusing on the major cities of Kathmandu and Lalitpur. A sample size of 150 respondents was determined using the rule of 1:10. Data were analyzed using regression analysis to assess the relationships between social media influencers and brand switching. The findings indicate that social media influencers play a significant role in influencing customer decisions regarding brand switching. In contrast, opinion leaders and celebrities did not show any significant influence on this behavior. This suggests that social network users, particularly younger consumers, have a substantial impact on brand switching behaviors. The study also highlights the prevalent use of social media among younger demographics, particularly on platforms like Instagram, reinforcing the importance of social media in shaping consumer choices and opinions. The results have important implications for businesses operating in the digital age. By effectively leveraging social media influencers, companies can better tap into the preferences and motivations of Millennials and Generation Z, ultimately fostering brand loyalty and trust. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of the dynamics between social media influencers and consumer behavior, emphasizing the need for businesses to adapt their marketing strategies to engage effectively with younger consumers in an increasingly digital marketplace.
Ethical Challenges Faced by Social Work Trainee During Fieldwork Practice: Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Woli Lokendra
Published: September 2024

Fieldwork practice is included and explained in social work education to develop and expand the social work profession. The most important aspect of the fieldwork practice for producing competent, effective, and ethical social workers is fieldwork discipline. The main objective of this study is to seek the ethical challenges for social work students in fieldwork practice the social work discipline in the context of Nepal. The theoretical portion of social work discipline is instructing in the classroom, and field-based practice combines the academic and practical components. The cornerstone of social work education is the fieldwork practicum; it currently faces various ethical challenges, including relying on different methodologies, methods, and tactics. For the study, descriptive qualitative research design was used, and secondary sources of data like journal articles, books, and reports were used in the research. Content analysis was used to draw the themes and results, primary theme investigated the ethical challenges faced by the fieldwork practice social work education in Nepal. To discuss the findings, content analysis on the themes was employed. By applying a relational ethics framework, the research can comprehensively investigate the moral dilemmas that social work candidates confront, considering the impact of relationships and contextual elements on moral judgment. This perspective offers a solid framework for examining and resolving ethical issues in fieldwork practice, consistent with the social work profession’s emphasis on the value of relationships.
Clinical Application of CT Imaging Grading System in Upper Urinary Tract Calculi with Kidney Infection
Authors: Zhang Jianping , Zhu Lingfeng , Wu Xiaoxia , Chen Haiying , Pan Runyang , Hong Zihuang , Lin Rongkai
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

This study aimed to establish a CT imaging grading system and explore its value in evaluating upper urinary tract calculi associated with kidney infections.

Methods:

CT images of 126 patients with kidney infections caused by upper urinary tract calculi were retrospectively analyzed. The CT grading system was developed based on CT images. CT images were classified into 4 grades. General information, symptoms, and clinical findings of patients in different CT grades were analyzed. With the occurrence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) as the endpoint, univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors of SIRS.

Results:

Patients with fever or diabetes had higher CT grades, and the following examination data revealed significant differences across the various CT grades ( P < 0.05): the white blood cell count, urine leucocytes count, CT1, CT2, maximum body temperature, duration of disease, the proportion of blood neutrophils, the size of stones, and levels of the C-reactive protein and procalcitonin. Only CT grading was statistically significant after multivariate analysis. According to the values of the partial regression coefficient (B), the higher the CT grade, the greater the risk of SIRS. The risk of SIRS was 4.472 times higher with each increment of the CT grade.

Conclusions:

The CT grade is directly associated with clinical symptoms and the risk of SIRS.
The Importance Characteristics for Veterinary Workplace Clinical Training (WCT) in a Distributive Curriculum, from the Perspectives of Students, Academics, and Clinical Supervisors
Authors: Routh Jennifer , Paramasivam Sharmini Julita , Cockcroft Peter , Nadarajah Vishna Devi , Jeevaratnam Kamalan
Published: September 2024

Veterinary students, academics, and clinical supervisors are likely to have different perspectives on what it takes to be prepared for workplace clinical training (WCT). Differing expectations could confuse students if they receive conflicting messages about the skills and attributes to which they should aspire. Furthermore, they may struggle to engage with the affordances that workplaces provide for learning if unprepared. Using a survey, we ranked 91 preparedness characteristics and seven preparedness themes for WCT for importance, according to clinical supervisors, academics, and final-year veterinary students before and after undergoing WCT in a UK veterinary school employing a distributive model of WCT. Statistical analyses were used to determine 1) rank alignment and 2) significant differences in characteristic and theme rank among groups. The correlation among characteristic rankings was strongest between students and clinical supervisors, and weakest between clinical supervisors and academics. Honesty, integrity and dependability was the most important characteristic for students and clinical supervisors, whereas students’ awareness that perfection is not expected was the most important characteristic for academics. The “knowledge” theme was ranked as significantly more important for academics compared to students pre-WCT. Therefore, differences in the expectations of students starting WCT have been demonstrated in this study. As the educational setting transitions from “classroom to clinic”, academics and students must adapt their notions of preparedness to align with conceptions of learning and teaching in the workplace, while supervisors should be mindful of students’ pre-existing expectations. Continuous communication and expectation alignment are necessary for a cohesive curriculum strategy.
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT WORKING CONDITIONS ON ASCENTS AND DESCENTS OF HIGHWAYS
Authors: Mozhovyi Volodymyr Vasylovych  , Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Kushnir  , Levkivska Liydmyla Volodymyrivna  , Kutsman Oleksandr Mykhailovych  , Hrynchak Ilona Illivna
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the peculiarities of the operation of asphalt concrete layers of non-rigid pavement in the ascent and descent zones.It has been established that on ascents and descents of roads, where the speed of vehicles most often changes, the pavement is subjected to more intensive wear than on straight sections. In addition, changes in temperature, water and frost effects, as well as the effects of salt and other chemicals, negatively affect the operational condition of the asphalt pavement and its overhaul period. Premature and more intense destruction of the asphalt pavement creates dangerous situations for road users due to the formation of cracks, pits and frequent repairs.In addition, it is often forgotten, but pavement repairs and traffic congestion cause changes in the traffic regime on the roads, which is often not taken into account when calculating non-rigid pavements.
The article deals with a spatial finite element model that allows describing the stress-strain state of each element of the pavement structure under the influence of traffic load. The deformations, displacements, and stresses in the asphalt concrete layers of the pavement structure are analyzed. The circumstances that may affect the premature formation of cracks and lead to a decrease in the durability of asphalt pavement and pavement structures in general were identified.The conducted research allows us to identify and eliminate potential hazards that arise during the operation of pavement. The obtained results can be implemented in the design of pavements in areas with difficult traffic in the ascent and descent zones.
تقدير الفنون في بلجيكا في رواية "عازف الغيوم:" تحليل السرد والحقائق الإنسانية
Authors: Luhuringbudi Teguh , Asnawi Tb. Ade , Liza Fitri
Published: September 2024

الأهداف: يهدف هذا البحث إلى إجراء فحص شامل لمستوى تقدير أنواع مختلفة من الفنون التي تهم الجمهور والسلطات البلجيكية. المنهجية: المصدر الأساسي لهذا البحث النوعي والمكتبي هو رواية عازف الغيوم لعلي بدر. يستخدم هذا البحث مقاربة وسائل الاتصال كمقاربة أولى، حيث تستخدم العملية التحليلية منظورًا سرديًا روجا له خبيران هما جيل برانستون وروي ستافورد. ويغرض المنظور السردي إلى التسجيل النصي للقصص والحبكات والمؤسسات التي تلعب دورًا في القضايا الفنية في رواية عازف الغيوم. إن مقاربة علم الإجتماع الأدبي هي المقاربة الثانية التي تستخدم عملية تحليله منظور الحقائق الإنسانية الذي روج له لوسيان جولدمان. ويتم استخدام منظور الحقائق الإنسانية لوضع سياق الأنشطة الجماعية التي لها أهمية تاريخية في بلجيكا. خلاصة الدرسة: توصل هذا البحث إلى معنيين: أولًا، مسألة الموسيقى والرومانسية كتوازن أخلاقي يمكن رؤيته من المؤسسات الرمزية التي تمتلك "ذكريات" جوهرية عن الحياة. ثانيًا: يمكن فهم مسألة استقطاب القيم الفنية المعتدلة من خلال تعاون عناصر الأدوات، والمؤدين، والمنتديات، وأهداف الأداء والمسرح، وأنواع الموسيقى. يخلص هذا البحث إلى أن القبول التقديري للمجتمع البلجيكي يستهدف الفروق الدقيقة المعتدلة، والتي تتكون من الحنين إلى ذكريات جوهرية وقيمة الفن التعاوني.
التّناص القصصي في شعر يوسف النبهاني
Authors: الجرادات بركات أمين , الشيخ قاضي
Published: September 2024

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة المقتضبة إلى الكشف عن مشاهد التناص القصصي في شعر يوسف النبهاني كمشاهد تتجلى في القصص القرآني والسيرة النبوية، إذ يندرج التناص القصصي تحت التناص الديني والتناص الأدبي معًا، وكونه أخذ طريقًا واسعًا في النوعين الرئيسين فقد استحق التفرد باعتباره نوعًا من أنواع التناص الفرعية التي تستحق الدراسة والتعمق فيها، وذلك لأن القصص وظاهرة السرد من أقرب الظواهر إلى العاطفة الوجدانية الإنسانية، وأكثرها إثارة، وجذبًا وانسجامًا، وربما تكون القصة أقدر على ترسيخ مفهوم أو فكرة أو برهان على ما يطرح من قضايا، ولذلك وجدنا مشاهد التناص القصصي في قصائد النبهاني الطويلة تأخذ منحى سرديًا متسلسلًا، وكأنها نقلت من مصدرها نثرًا إلى تفاصيلها شعرًا، ومن هنا تطلب الأمر إفراد نوع جديد من أنواع التناص مستقلًا بذاته اسمه (التناص القصصي)، مع الاحتفاظ بارتباطه ببقية أنواع التناص الأساسية المعروفة. المنهجية: انتهجت الدراسة المنهج الاستقصائي التحليلي في جمع المعلومات واختيار أهمها وأعمقها في التعريف بالتناص والتناص القصصي وأنواعهما، كما ركزت على تحليل النصوص الشعرية واستخراج التناص القصصي فيها. خلاصة الدرسة: خلصت الدراسة إلى أهمية التعمق في تحليل النصوص القصصية ومعرفة ما فيها من تناص في شعر النبهاني كشاعر غزير الشعر، ويتميز بطول قصائده التي تعتبر أراجيز دينية قصصية، ولذلك آثرنا أن نعرف بشخصية الشاعر الفلسطيني الذي لم ينل حظه من التعريف كغيره من شعراء فلسطين.
Dextrocardia with Situs Solitus
Authors: Peixoto Oliveira Ricardo
Published: September 2024

Congenital cardiac diseases are responsible for about 1% of the whole of this organ’s illness. Until recently, they were conditions related to pediatric care, since few patients grew up to adulthood. The human aging added to improvement of recognition and treatment on childhood shifts it towards a number of adults with congenital pathologies. It is necessary to the adult cardiologist being prepared to recognize congenital conditions and care of population with these conditions associated to aging diseases. This phenomenon is challenging and demands to the cardiologist new knowledgements. In this article, it is reviewed a rare situation: dextrocardia with situs solitus.
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Haider Rehan
Published: September 2024

Peripheral vascular disease comprises diseases of the arteries and veins outside the thoracic region.: peripheral arterial disease (PAD), carotid artery disease (CAD), and aortic aneurysmatic disorder (AAA). Other rare manifestations of atherosclerotic disorders (e.g., renovascular high blood pressure, abdominal angina, and ischemia of the top extremity) were briefly noted. Special concerns in patients with diabetes are addressed in relevant sections; for instance, infection in an ischemic foot in an affected person with diabetes is described within the phase of critical limb ischemia. Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of peripheral arterial vascular ailments. It is vital to appreciate that the pathogenic mechanisms of clinical atherosclerosis are dual: chronic obstruction and biotic. The chronic obstructive mechanism is the primary purpose of lower limb ischemia, and in patients with diabetes, it is far more regularly preceded by a thrombotic occasion. An affected person with moderate clay diction abruptly studies significantly shortening of walking distance or surprising onset of rest ache. Alternatively, the seemingly wholesome character develops claudication. A coronary period heart attack or stroke in an affected person with claudication is also a thrombotic event in a patient with chronic obstructive disorder. In general, patients with diabetes greater frequently develop symptoms of atherosclerotic headaches, they do it at a younger age and it may be greater difficult to treat and feature greater headaches with treatment (in particular with invasive treatment.
Pheochromocytoma: An Often-Overlooked Differential in Patients with Syncope and Hypertension
Authors: Duggal Kunal
Published: September 2024

Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma is often overlooked in elderly presenting with uncontrolled hypertension, palpitations, syncope or other cardiovascular emergencies. The first patient presented with recurrent syncope, which is a rare presentation of pheochromocytoma, and the second patient was misdiagnosed as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and uncontrolled hypertension. Timely recognition of atypical presentations can have a profound impact on patient outcomes, such as preventing stroke and other life-threatening complications. Through the presentation of these cases, we hope to emphasize the importance of considering uncommon etiologies in cardiovascular complaints among the elderly population.
Association Between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Kurdish Adult: Result from RANCD Cohort Study
Authors: Pasdar Yahya
Published: September 2024

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a consistent content for insulin resistance, has been related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to perused the relationship between the TyG index and development of CVD in Kurdish adults. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data was used from the Ravansar Noncommunicable Diseases (RaNCD) Cohort Study. Subjects with a history of stroke, myocardial infarction, or coronary artery disease, or who were currently receiving medications for these conditions, were classified as CVD patients. Results: The research comprised 9723 individuals overall (51.76% of whom were female, mean age 47.3 ±8.26 year). We found that the TyG index in CVD patients (8.82±0.81) was substantially higher than that in non-CVD patients (P=0.001), and the top quartile of the TyG had significantly more BMI (28.73±4.20), TG (239.45±103.30), and FBS (117.85±50.36) values than the lowest quartiles (P=0.001). The TyG and CVD showed a positive association according to the cohort data. The chances of CVD were 2.54 (95% CI: 2.16-2.98) times higher in the fourth tertile of the TYG index than in the first tertile. After controlling for confounding factors, their association was still significant (OR: 1.58, 95%Ci: 1.35-1.95). The predictive value of the TYG score was 63% for females and 57% for males, according to ROC curve research. Conclusion: According to the findings, risk of cardiovascular disease was linearly correlated with the triglyceride glucose index. Moreover, the TyG may be more accurate predictor of CVD in female.
Congestive Coronary Heart Failure
Authors: Haider Rehan
Published: September 2024

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a continual condition characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood efficiently, which is essential for the buildup of fluid within the lungs and distinctive components of the body. It is a critical and regular health problem globally, affecting hundreds of thousands of people, primarily the elderly. CHF can cease owing to several underlying reasons, including coronary artery sickness, excessive blood strain, heart valve troubles, and cardiomyopathy. This summary aims to define CHF together with its pathophysiology, threat elements, clinical manifestations, analysis, and control. The pathophysiology of CHF includes weakening of the coronary heart muscle, which can also occur because of harm from preceding coronary heart attacks, extended high blood pressure, or special elements affecting coronary heart features. Because the pumping ability of the heart diminishes, blood glide in critical organs becomes inadequate, leading to symptoms, shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Numerous risk factors contribute to the development of CHF, including age, coronary heart sickness, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Early diagnosis of CHF is critical for saving the patient from improving and decorating consequences. Diagnostic methods may additionally include medical records, physical examinations, imaging checks such as echocardiography, and blood tests to evaluate coronary heart characteristics and discover the underlying functionality. CHF control aims to alleviate signs and symptoms, sluggish sickness development, and enhance the pleasantness of life. Treatment strategies usually involve lifestyle changes such as adopting a coronary heart-wholesome diet, engaging in regular exercise, and quitting smoking. Medicinal pills such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and angiotensin receptor blockers are prescribed to enhance coronary heart characteristics and decrease signs and signs. In severe cases, surgical interventions, such as coronary artery pass grafting or coronary heart transplantation, can be considered. As CHF is a continual condition, affected individual education and regular compliance with healthcare carriers are vital to display the ailment's improvement and regulate remedies. With improvements in scientific treatment plans and early detection, CHF analysis has advanced over the years. However, it remains a vast public health challenge, necessitating continuous research and cognizance efforts to beautify affected person consequences and decrease the load of this situation on affected human beings and healthcare systems.
Analysis of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Mei Xiaofei
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: This study aims to detect the structure of gut microbiota in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients complicated with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) through high-throughput sequencing and LC–MS Based Metabolomics so as to explore the characteristic changes of gut microbiota in these patients. Methods and Results: This prospective research recruited AMI patients, in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Patients who underwent physical examination were also included in this study. The characteristic of gut microbiota was conducted by high-throughput sequencing and LC–MS Based Metabolomics. At genus classification level, the abundance of Prevotella (P=0.009), Parabacteroides (P=0.036) in AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF were lower than that in AMI patients, while the abundance of Bifidobacterium (P=0.018), Dorea (P=0.036) Eggerthella (P=0.013), Peptoniphilus (P=0.039), Acinetobacter (P=0.016) tended to be higher. The species diversity of AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF was lower than that of AMI patients (P=0.037). Beta diversity analysis revealed a highly significant separation. The results of correlation analysis between differential metabolites and differential microbiota showed that the decrease of Prevotella and Parabacteroides in AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF may lead to an increase in some metabolites such as N-Acetyltyrosine, L-Isoleucine, 7-Methylguanine, L-Tyrosine, Sphingosine, 6-methoxyquinoline and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. These changes will influence multiple metabolic pathways, thus affecting the prognosis of patients. Conclusions: There was an imbalance of gut microbiota in AMI patients, including AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF.