bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O ENSINO DE GRAMÁTICA: UMA PRÁTICA SEM SENTIDO?
Authors: Lopes Ribeiro Marinalva
Published: September 2023

Este artigo objetiva descrever analiticamente a situação do ensino de gramática na escola de 1º grau, buscando detectar o sentido que tem assumido esse ensino. Constata-se que a prática pedagógica dos professores se constitui no cumprimento de tarefas automáticas e rotineiras sem a realização da essência criadora do seu trabalho, que implicaria e desenvolvimento da iniciativa, da capacidade de pensar e de tomar decisão.
CRIAÇÃO LITERÁRIA
Authors: Cerqueira Anne , Freitas Filho Assis , Públio Araylton , Quadros Gusmão Eliane , Miranda Iderval , Magalhães Jorge , Santos Silva Mirian , Lopes Raymundo Luiz , Nery Anchiêta
Published: September 2023

A palavra é sonâmbula.Procurada,

ela se concentra intuída

do próprio mistério.

E aguarda até ser orvalhadapela névoa da criação.

Carvalho Filho
IRMANDADE NEGRA E RESISTÊNCIA ESCRAVA
Authors: Silva Elizete
Published: September 2023

À resistência escrava tem sido pesquisada, recentemente, por vários cientistas sociais. O presente artigo quer ser uma tentativa de contribuição ao estudo das relações que se estabeleceram entre a religião e o escravismo no Brasil.
PARÂMETROS DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Britto de Queiroz Creuza Maria , Silva Servo Maria da Lucia , Araújo Assis Marluce Maria , Correia Mélo Marisa Leal
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho é um relato de experiências vivenciadas no projeto de extensão "Parâmetros da Assistência de Enfermagem" desenvolvido em duas instituições de saúde da cidade de Feira de Santana, utilizadas como campo de estágio pelo Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. As autoras pretendem, numa ação conjunta com os enfermeiros das instituições-campo, contribuir para a retomada da prática profissional, através da implantação de uma metodologia da assistência de Enfermagem.
EXPRESSÃO DO GENE DE A-AMILASE DE BACILLUS SUBTILIS EM ESCHERICHIA COLI SOB CONTROLE DE DIVERSOS PROMOTORES
Authors: Almeida Vasconcelos Barboni Suzi
Published: September 2023

Objetivando analisar experimentalmente a expressão do gene de a-amilase de B, subtilis sob o controle de diferentes promotores e comparar à produção da enzima por diferentes linhagens de E. coli (HBIOI, TG1, K5272 e KS303), recombinantes, iniciamos este estudo. Vetores de expressão carreando o fragmento do gene de a-amilase (Ami 2,4kb ou Ami* 1,9kb) sob controle eu dopromotor lac ou do promotor tac, foram introduzides nas diversas linhagens de E. coli. os clones transformantes obtidos e os ensaios enzimáticos indicaram que o gene Ami apresenta diferença na expressão, quando diminuído 500 pb de sua extremidade 3'(Ami*), favorecendo aparecimento de maior quantidade de a-amilase em sobrenadantes de culturas contendo E. coli KS272, transformada com o plasmídio pPAASS, sobre as demais.
CAMPOS DE SAÚDE COLETIVA
Authors: Lopes Nascimento Sobrinho Carlito
Published: September 2023

A constituição da medicina científica, no século XIX, delineou a problemática da saúde nos registros individual e social. O saber o médico configura-se como discurso sobre o corpo singular e o discurso sanitário sobre o espaço social. Com a emergência da sociedade capitalista industrial, a saúde individual passa a incluir necessariamente as condições coletivas de organização, não sendo mais possível conceber a existência da saúde dos sujeitos separada das condições sanitárias do espaço social. Para a construção desse modelo conceitual, várias etapas foram percorridas, do século XIX aos nossos dias. Nesse contexto este ensaio busca resgatar esses momentos de construção do modelo teórico e do campo de ação da hoje conhecida “Saúde Coletiva”, recompondo seus momentos históricos. Dentre esses momentos, destaca-se o advento da Medicina Científica, a Medicina Preventiva, a emergência da Medicina Comunitária, culminando com a formação da Medicina Social.
TEORIA GERATIVA E AQUISIÇÃO DA LINGUAGEM
Authors: Augusto Marina
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar as relações e pressupostos assumidos em relação à aquisição da linguagem dentro de uma abordagem gerativista. Embora o programa, desde sua primeira versão, tenha se preocu- pado com a questão, é somente a partir da abordagem princípios-e-parâmetros que a teoria pôde fornecer respostas tanto a nível conceitual como em relação ao aspecto do desenvolvimento no processo de aquisição da linguagem.
MODELAGEM MOLECULAR CLÁSSICA USANDO O MÉTODO ESTOCÁSTICO: SIMULAÇÃO POR TERMALIZAÇÃO - GSA (GENERALIZED SIMULATED ANNEALING)
Authors: Moret Simões Gonçalves Marcelo Albano
Published: September 2023

Propomos, neste trabalho, uma estratégia estocástica para a determinação dos estados de equilíbrio, de sistemas moleculares semiclássicos, com base no método de Simulação por Termalização Generalizada (GSA). As geometrias conformacionais de equilíbrio são obtidas, fazendo um acoplamento entre um campo clássico de força (programa THOR) e o método estocástico GSA. A aplicabilidade do método foi testada em diferentes sistemas moleculares, cujo número de átomos, nas moléculas, variou significativamente. Os resultados obtidos, utilizando a termoestatística de Tsallis, mostram que o procedimento computacional torna-se mais rápido e eficiente do que aqueles baseados nas máquinas de Boltzmann e Cauchy.
BIODIVERSIDADE DE MIXOMICETOS E FUNGOS MACROSCÓPICOS DA RESERVA BIOLÓGICA DE UNA E ÁREAS ADJACENTES (BAHIA, BRASIL)
Authors: Góes Neto Aristóteles
Published: September 2023

Efetuou-se um levantamento de mixemicetos fungos macroscópicos em região de Floresta Ombrófila Densa na Reserva Biológica de Una e áreas adjacentes no Estado da Bahia. Foram realizadas excursões, em diferentes estações, em um período de um ano (1993-1994) nº área estudada, Os espécimes foram então examinados e descritos segundo as técnicas taxionômicos tradicionais, encontrando-se depositados no Herbário ALCB (UFRA, Salvador - BA) com duplicatas no Herbário CEPEC Ilhéus - BA). Registrou-se um total de 20 táxons, sendo 6 mixemicetos e 14 fungos macroscópicos - 3 da Subdivisão Ascomyeotina e EL da Subdivisão Rasidiomycotina QOllo espécies são referidas pela primeira vez para o Estado da Bahia: Cooke suleipes (Brerk.) Kunize, Cookeina tmcholomae (Mont) Kunize, Artania telfosil (Trerky Tr,, Pseudobvdnan gelotinosum (Fr) Karl, Canodermoa aff trullifiorme Steyart, Pleifima all. piptedenioe Teix., P. all. soneticgenegão (Pat) Eye, P. uvilribergii (Fr) Reid.
COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DAS FOLHAS DE AVICENNIA GERMINANS (L.) STEARN, LAGUNCULARIA RACEMOSA (L.) GAERTN. F. E RHIZOPHORA MANGLE L. E SOLO DO MANGUEZAL DO RIO MUCURI-BA, SOB AÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS INDUSTRIAIS.
Authors: Sales de Oliveira Sonia , M. Freitas Hermínia , Costa Accioly Miguel
Published: September 2023

Foram coletadas folhas novas, senescentes e sedimento, em intervalos trimestrais, de três áreas do manguezal do estuário do rio Mucuri-Ba no período de 1992 a 1994 para avaliar a distribuição de macro e micronutrientes na planta e no sedimento sob efeito de resíduos industriais. Dosaram-se nas folhas e sedimentos os elementos químicos Ca, Mg, K, P, N, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ainda no sedimento determinaram-se o teor de matéria orgânica (MO), capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC) e soma das bases (S) Foi feita análise granulométrica pelo método da pipeta. Os resultados revelaram diferenças significativas (p< 0.05) nas concentrações de Ca, Mg, K, Mn, Cu e Mo entre as espécies vegetais, bem como entre os solos associados, também para os valores de CTC e S dos solos. Distinta variação sazonal foi observada na composição iônica das plantas e dos solos. Essa variação encontra-se dentro de um padrão normal observado nos ecossistemas naturais.
O PAPEL DOS INVESTIMENTOS FERROVIÁRIOS INGLESES NO NORDESTE, 1852-1902 (NOTAS PARA UM ESTUDO DA HISTORIA FERROVIÁRIA)
Authors: Melo Josemir Camilo
Published: September 2023

O objetivo gera! deste estudo é examinar os efeitos causados pelas ferrovias inglesas construídas no Nordeste açucareiro ealgodoeiro (de Alagoas ao Rio Grande do Norte), desde a primeira lei ferroviária, em 1852, até a expropriação e subsequente formação da rede sob o controle de the Great Western of Brasil Railway, no começo de 1900. Por que os investimentos ingleses foram para uma região onde seu principal produto, a cana de açúcar, não era mais rentável, como antes no mercado internacional? À resposta pode ser encontrada nos mecanismos externos, tanto quanto domésticos, como o processo ferroviário na Grã Bretanha e a política brasileira para atrair capital estrangeiro. A idéia é analisar basicamente o impacto das ferrovias sobre a exportação da produção agrícola, bem como o sistema fundiário e as relações de produção, na formação das classes sociais, no Nordeste, no século XIX.
TEORES DE ÓLEO E COMPOSIÇÃO DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS DE SEMENTES DE CEREUS JAMACARU DC. (CACTACEAE), ZIZYPHUS JOAZEIRO MART. (RHAMNACEAE) E ANADENANTHERA COLUBRINA (BENTH) BRENAN VAR. CEBIL (GRISEB.) VON ALTSCHUL. (MIMOSACEAE).
Authors: Sivero Mayworm Marco Aurélio , Salatino Antonio
Published: September 2023

Os teores de óleo e a composição de ácidos graxos de sementes de Ceretis jamacart DOC. (Cactaceae), Zizvphus joazeiro Mart. (Rhamnaceae) e Anadenanthera colubrina (Benth) Brenan var. cebil (Grisch.) von Altschul. (Mimosaceae) provenientes da área de inselbergs, no município de Milagres, I3ahia foram analisados por técnica de cromatografia gasosa. O melhor rendimento de óleo foi encontrado nas sementes de CC. jamacait (25,4%). Quanto a composição de ácidos graxos, em C. jamacain. e Anadenanthera colnbrina var. cebil predominaram C1I8:1 e CI18:2. No óleo das sementes de Z. joazeiro predominaram CI18:0 e 18:1.
DESENHO LINGUAGEM E FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Dias Ferreira Edson , Costa Trinchão Gláucia Maria , Gomes dos Santos Robérico C.
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho, fruto de algumas reflexões acerca do desenho, conceitos e concepções, busca evidenciar aspectos da formação do profissional dessa área de conhecimento como definidores de sua postura na prática de ensino da matéria desenho. Nesse sentido, tomaram-se como referencial cento e vinte e cinco profissionais de mais de quarenta e cinco instituições de ensino no país, participantes que foram do 110 Simpósio Nacional de Geometria Descritiva e Desenho Técnico, aos quais foram aplicados questionários com o propósito de perceber a diversidade de formação e atuação desses profissionais. Todo este trabalho tem por objetivo maior entender como o desenho é visto dentro da diversidade profissional em que ele se insere.
É DE SONHO E DE PÓ BRASIL, NORDESTE – TRAVESSIAS
Authors: Alves Pereira Rubens
Published: September 2023

Para falar da literatura e da vida nordestinas, preciso ter em mente algumas questões básicas, linhas de força que vão dar consistência à síntese poética e ficcional, como a dinâmica entre o saber popular e o saber erudito (suas tensões, seus cruzamentos, suas mistificações). Outra grande questão dessa literatura é determinada pelo que poderíamos chamar (não sem o arrepio teórico que os termos evocam) de jogo entre forma e conteúdo, ou seja, entre o enquadramento estético (que busca originalidade e força formal) e a representação de uma realidade regional que seja convincente em seus pressupostos contextuais, sistêmicos. Enfim, o homem em seu habitat, a arte em seu tempo e lugar.
PROJETO MEMÓRIA DA FEIRA LIVRE DE FEIRA DE SANTANA
Authors: Moreira Vicente Deocleciano
Published: September 2023

A Revista Sitientibus, número 14, publicou o texto n.2 desta nova fase do Projeto Memória da Feira Livre de Feira de Santana, intitulada OUTRAS PALAVRAS. No primeiro texto, esta revista publicou depoimentos de professores, estudantes, feirantes, autoridades... publicados pela Imprensa em 1976 e 1977, sobre a feira livre de Feira de Santana — extinta em 10 de janeiro de 1977 por Decreto Municipal, na gestão do então prefeito de Feira de Santana, Dr. José Falcão (falecido em 5l8l97). No segundo, o noticiário sobre a feira no ano de 1975 (Sitientibus, Feira de Santana, n.14, p.205-215, 1996). Este número expõe a produção hemerográfica referente aos anos 1976 e 1977. Trata-se de um momento especial do Projeto porque, neste ano de 1997, estamos registrando 20 anos de extermínio da velha feira livre, mãe da cidade. O próximo número de Sitientibus trará a segunda parte do ano de 1977.
SOBRE A CRÍTICA DA RAZÃO MODERNA E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NA TEORIA DA ORGANIZAÇÃO
Authors: Duarte Bomfim Juarez
Published: September 2023

A razão foi descoberta pelos filósofos místicos da Grécia, onde se dá, então, início a um período de formação da alma humana. Com essa descoberta, a alma do homem tem acesso a um nível de autocompreensão com a qual rompeu os limites da visão compacta da realidade articulada no mito. Na verdade, o evento não mudou a estrutura da alma humana: representa, antes, um momento culminante em que a consciência do homem em relação à própria alma ganha em luminosidade e diferenciação (VOEGELIN, in RA- MOS, 1990). No sentido antigo, a razão era entendida como força ativa na psique humana, que habilita o indivíduo a distinguir entre o bem e o mal, entre o conhecimento falso e o verdadeiro e, assim, a ordenar sua vida pessoal e social. Há uma teoria da razão objetiva, oriunda de Platão e Aristóteles, que enfatiza os fins de preferência aos meios e as implicações éticas da vida da razão para a existência humana (HORKHEIMER, In RAMOS, 1990). Hobbes vê a razão como uma capacidade que o indivíduo adquire “pelo esforço” e que o habilita a nada mais do que fazer o “cálculo utilitário de conseqüências”.
Sensibility, Understanding, and Kant’s Transcendental Deduction: From Epistemic Compositionalism to Epistemic Hylomorphism
Authors: Tegtmeyer Maximilian
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Can sensibility, as our capacity to be sensibly presented with objects, be understood independently of the understanding, as the capacity to form judgments about those objects? It is a truism that for judgments to be empirical knowledge they must agree with what sensibility presents. Moreover, it is a familiar thought that objectivity involves absolute independence from intellectual acts. The author argues that together these thoughts motivate a common reading of Kant on which operations of sensibility are conceived as intelligible independently of acts of the understanding, so that their supposed objectivity can validate judgments as empirical knowledge. He contends that there are two reasons why this epistemic compositionalism is implausible both as a reading of Kant and in itself. First, read compositionally, Kant’s Transcendental Deduction is unable to fulfill its stated aim of showing that the categories are objectively valid, that is, exemplified by the objects that sensibility presents. Second, Kant sees that sensibility by itself cannot be understood to even purport to present objects, thus undermining the very intelligibility of compositionalism. The author argues that, given these challenges, Kant’s Deduction develops an alternative account, on which operations of sensibility and acts of the understanding can be understood only together. He contends that this epistemic hylomorphism transforms the familiar thought underlying compositionalism: objectivity simultaneously involves formal agreement with intellectual acts in general and material independence from any specific such act. He thus shows how Kant reconceives our conception of objectivity by overcoming compositionalism in favor of hylomorphism.
“The Fact of Reason”: The Axiomatic Model in Kant’s Moral Philosophy
Authors: Willert Kristoffer
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the epicenter of his attempt to justify the “objective validity” of morality and freedom in the Critique of Practical Reason , Kant introduces a so-called fact of reason, which is rendered as the fact that human beings are consciou s of the moral ought’s categorical authority. However, few parts of Kant’s thinking have bemused commentators as much as this. In this article, the author explores a set of intersecting problems related to the fact of reason: (1) the problem of its general argumentative role in Kant’s practical philosophy, (2) the problem of the fact as a brute fact . He argues that both problems can be understood and resolved only if we regard Kant’s introduction of the fact of reason as an implicit attempt to articulate intrinsic problems with reductive explanations of morality. His main claim, which has been surprisingly absent in most interpretations of Kant’s fact of reason, will be that the fact of reason functions as an undeniable yet improvable fact (similar to mathematical principles) from which other practical truths (such as the objective reality of freedom) can be derived. As Kant says unambiguously in the Jäsche-Logic : the “reality” of the moral law “is an axiom.”
Understanding the World Holistically: Heidegger’s Practical Philosophy and the Rethinking of Transcendentality
Authors: Keane Niall
Published: September 2023

Abstract: For Heidegger, world is constitutively bound up with human being’s way of being. Yet after Being and Time he criticizes an excessively one-sided pragmatic reading of his concept of world, insisting that world is more than a referential totality of use involvements, tools, or existential projections. This article examines how Heidegger’s phenomenological analysis should be understood to promote both a practical orientation as well as a more transcendental dimension. The centrality of praxis in Heidegger’s work will not be contested. What will be explored is whether what Heidegger calls “worldliness” or the “phenomenon of world” can be reduced to contexts of use relations or social practices and projects. The argument is made that world, for Heidegger, should be understood as an open space of meaning emergence through which diverse activities, some of which are practical, first become accessible to the human being. The claim will be advanced that world is more than the human being’s disclosive understanding and that an overly pragmatic interpretation circumvents the surpassive dimension of world.
Optoelectronic optimization of graded-bandgap thin-film AlGaAs solar cells. Part II: optimal antireflection front-surface texturing
Authors: Ahmad Faiz , Monk Peter B. , Lakhtakia Akhlesh
Published: September 2023

In Part I [Appl.
Opt. 59, 1018
(2020).APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.381246], we used a coupled
optoelectronic model to optimize a thin-film AlGaAs solar cell with a
graded-bandgap photon-absorbing layer and a periodically corrugated Ag
backreflector combined with localized ohmic Pd–Ge–Au backcontacts,
because both strategies help to improve the performance of AlGaAs
solar cells. However, the results in Part I were affected by a
normalization error, which came to light when we replaced the
hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin scheme for electrical computation
by the faster finite-difference scheme. Therefore, we re-optimized the
solar cells containing an n-AlGaAs photon-absorbing layer with
either a (i) homogeneous, (ii) linearly graded, or (iii) nonlinearly
graded bandgap. Another way to improve the power conversion efficiency
is by using a surface antireflection texturing on the wavelength
scale, so we also optimized four different types of 1D periodic
surface texturing: (i) rectangular, (ii) convex hemi-elliptical, (iii)
triangular, and (iv) concave hemi-elliptical. Our new results show
that the optimal nonlinear bandgap grading enhances the efficiency by
as much as 3.31% when the n-AlGaAs layer is 400 nm thick
and 1.14% when that layer is 2000 nm thick. A hundredfold
concentration of sunlight can enhance the efficiency by a factor of
11.6%. Periodic texturing of the front surface on the scale of 0.5–2
free-space wavelengths provides a small relative enhancement in
efficiency over the AlGaAs solar cells with a planar front surface;
however, the enhancement is lower when the n-AlGaAs layer is thicker.
Image Enhancement of Clinical Cardiac Angiograms using MATLAB
Authors: Amin Naima , Yousaf M , Shams Faisal , Alghamdia Eman , Bano Nargis , Asad M
Published: September 2023

The main objective of this work is to carry out image enhancement of clinical cardiac angiograms of real-life patients. Methods: In this research, we have applied three noise removal techniques comprising of six different image enhancement methods to existing angiograms obtained from a patient's angiography. A group of cardiologists having relevant expertise in angiography were consulted for their expert opinion. Results: Three noise removal approaches were applied to the current angiograms, comprising six distinct methods. Angiogram image comparisons were drawn on the basis of before and after applying techniques on images. These comparative angiography images were presented to a group of cardiologists to determine the percentage of improvement/degradation achieved. The noise removal technique is applied using Adaptive Filtering (Wiener2) method which yields -10% degradation of an original angiogram. Secondly, the noise reduction approach, which produces results of +10%, +10%, 0%, and +25%, respectively, utilizing the four de-convolution methods Weiner, Regularized, Lucy Richardson, and Blind Filters. Finally, the proposed noise removal methodology, which combines several methods, results in +35% improved images. Conclusion: Digital images obtained from angiography have inherent noise. Image enhancement up to 35% is obtained using the suggested noise removal technique. This research can benefit cardiologists as well as angiography equipment manufacturers.
Systematic characterization of photoperiodic gene expression patterns reveals diverse seasonal transcriptional systems in Arabidopsis
Authors: Leung Chun Chung , Tarté Daniel A. , Oliver Lilijana S. , Wang Qingqing , Gendron Joshua M.
Published: September 2023

Photoperiod is an annual cue measured by biological systems to align growth and reproduction with the seasons. In plants, photoperiodic flowering has been intensively studied for over 100 years, but we lack a complete picture of the transcriptional networks and cellular processes that are photoperiodic. We performed a transcriptomics experiment onArabidopsisplants grown in 3 different photoperiods and found that thousands of genes show photoperiodic alteration in gene expression. Gene clustering, daily expression integral calculations, andcis-element analysis then separate photoperiodic genes into co-expression subgroups that display 19 diverse seasonal expression patterns, opening the possibility that many photoperiod measurement systems work in parallel inArabidopsis. Then, functional enrichment analysis predicts co-expression of important cellular pathways. To test these predictions, we generated a comprehensive catalog of genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, overlaid gene expression data, and demonstrated that photoperiod intersects with 2 major phenylpropanoid pathways differentially, controlling flavonoids but not lignin. Finally, we describe the development of a new app that visualizes photoperiod transcriptomic data for the wider community.
Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and convenience store shopping as mediators of the food insecurity–Tooth decay relationship among low-income children in Washington state
Authors: Hill Courtney M. , Chi Donald L. , Mancl Lloyd A. , Jones-Smith Jessica C. , Chan Nadine , Saelens Brian E. , McKinney Christy M.
Published: September 2023

Introduction

There are oral health disparities in the U.S. and children in food-insecure households have a higher burden of tooth decay. Identifying the mechanisms underlying the food insecurity–tooth decay relationship could inform public health interventions. This study examined how sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and frequent convenience store shopping mediated the food insecurity–tooth decay relationship for lower-income children.

Materials and methods

Cross-sectional study data included a household survey, beverage questionnaire, and dental examination. The sample included 452 lower-income, racially-diverse, child-caregiver dyads in 2018 from King County in Washington state. The exposure was household food insecurity, the outcome was untreated decayed tooth surfaces, and the proposed mediators were SSB intake and frequent convenience store shopping (≥2 times/week). Causal mediation analyses via the potential outcomes framework was used to estimate natural indirect and direct effects.

Results

Fifty-five percent of participants were in food-insecure households, the mean number of decayed tooth surfaces among children was 0.87 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.99), the mean SSB intake was 17 fluid ounces (fl/oz)/day (SD = 35), and 18% of households frequently shopped at a convenience store. After adjusting for confounders, household food insecurity and log-transformed SSB intake (fluid ounces/day) were positively associated with decayed tooth surfaces, but not at the a α = 0.05 level (mean ratio [MR] 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89, 2.88; p = .12 and MR 1.16; 95% CI 0.93, 1.46; p = .19, respectively). Frequent convenience store shopping was associated with 2.75 times more decayed tooth surfaces (95% CI 1.61, 4.67; p < .001). SSB intake mediated 10% of the food insecurity–tooth decay relationship (p = .35) and frequent convenience store shopping mediated 22% (p = .33).

Conclusions

Interventions aimed at addressing oral health disparities in children in food-insecure households could potentially focus on reducing intake of SSBs and improving access to healthful foods in lower-income communities.
Barriers and facilitators to ART adherence among ART non-adherence people living with HIV in Cameroon: A qualitative phenomenological study
Authors: Buh Amos , Deonandan Raywat , Gomes James , Krentel Alison , Oladimeji Olanrewaju , Yaya Sanni
Published: September 2023

Background

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) needs to be taken for life with near perfect levels of adherence for it to be effective. Nonetheless, ART non-adherence is still observed in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries such as Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the factors influencing non-adherence and or adherence among people living with HIV (PLWH) who have experienced non-adherence to ART in Cameroon.

Methods

A descriptive qualitative study of PLWH who have experienced non-adherence with ART in Cameroon was conducted. Data were collected using in-depth interviews. Collected data were analyzed using the NVIVO 12 software.

Results

In total, 43 participants participated in this study. The Southwest and Littoral regions each contributed 15 (34.88%) of participants, participants’ mean age was 37.1 years (SD: 9.81) and majority 34 (82.93%) were females. ART adherence barriers include those related to patient (forgetfulness, business with other things, unwillingness to swallow drugs daily), medication (side effects), health service (arrogance of caregivers, occasional drug shortages at treatment centre, poor counseling of patient), stigma (fear of status disclosure), use of alternative treatment (traditional medicine, prayers and deliverance), resource limitation (limited food, limited finances), environmental/social (limited or no home support), and political instability (disruption of free circulation by ghost towns, roadblocks and gunshots in some regions). ART adherence facilitators include social support (family and peer support), aligning treatment with patient’s daily routines (align ART with schedule of family members), use of reminders (phone alarm, sound of church bell), health sector/caregiver support (messages to patient, financial support, proper counseling), and patient’s awareness of HIV status/ART knowledge (awareness of HIV positive status, Knowledge of ART benefits).

Conclusion

ART adherence barriers in Cameroon include those related to patient, medication, health service, stigma, use of alternative treatment, resource limitation, environmental/social, and political instability. ART adherence facilitators include social support, aligning treatment with patient’s daily routines, use of reminders, health sector/caregiver support, and patient’s awareness of HIV status/ART knowledge. Given these barriers and facilitators, continuous information provision and consistent support both from patients’ families and caregivers are needed to improve adherence among patients. Further studies including many regions and larger samples using both in-depth and focused group discussions as well as quantitative approaches are required to uncover the burden related to ART non-adherence.
Effects of membrane potentials on the electroporation of giant unilamellar vesicles
Authors: Wadud Md. Abdul , Karal Mohammad Abu Sayem , Moniruzzaman Md. , Rashid Md. Mamun Or
Published: September 2023

Living organisms maintain a resting membrane potential, which plays an important role in various biophysical and biological processes. In the context of medical applications, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal and minimally invasive technique that utilizes precisely controlled electric field pulses of micro- to millisecond durations to effectively ablate cancer and tumor cells. Previous studies on IRE-induced rupture of cell-mimetic giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) have primarily been conducted in the absence of membrane potentials. In this study, we investigated the electroporation of GUVs, including parameters such as the rate constant of rupture and the probability of rupture, in the presence of various negative membrane potentials. The membranes of GUVs were prepared using lipids and channel forming proteins. As the membrane potential increased from 0 to −90 mV, the rate constant of rupture showed a significant increase from (7.5 ± 1.6)×10−3 to (35.6 ± 5.5)×10−3 s-1. The corresponding probability of rupture also exhibited a notable increase from 0.40 ± 0.05 to 0.68 ± 0.05. To estimate the pore edge tension, the electric tension-dependent logarithm of the rate constant was fitted with the Arrhenius equation for different membrane potentials. The presence of membrane potential did not lead to any significant changes in the pore edge tension. The increase in electroporation is reasonably explained by the decrease in the prepore free energy barrier. The choice of buffer used in GUVs can significantly influence the kinetics of electroporation. This study provides valuable insights that can contribute to the application of electroporation techniques in the biomedical field.
Primary school children voicing their own concerns: Practising Participatory Citizenship as experiential learning
Authors: Kalekin-Fishman Devorah , Hagoel Lea
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, there has been growing pressure to prepare students for citizenship with an orientation to equality and participation. To engage students’ interest, it is generally recommended that teachers provide experiences of simulations, games and themed projects. There are, however, philosophical, legal, empirical and pedagogical justifications for basing citizenship education on experiential learning in which students actually perform as citizens, giving voice to their own concerns and taking appropriate action. A qualitative study introduced students in an Israeli elementary school to experiential learning of active citizenship – complete rounds of observing, thinking, doing and feeling – with the help of the model for Practising Participatory Citizenship (PPC). Students were encouraged to make suggestions for improving everyday life at school. With the guidance of PPC, small groups voiced their views, decided what needs were most urgent, planned changes and carried out their plans. Data show that the structure of PPC enabled students in groups with members of diverse ages to communicate respectfully, present reasoned arguments, take collaborative action and reflect on their accomplishments. Students acting as participating citizens were enthusiastic about the process and acquired sensitivity to the diversity of group members’ needs. There are indications that practising participation and voice throughout the years of schooling can ensure the internalization of a habitus that augers well for good citizenship in adulthood. Their teachers, however, found it difficult to stick to the role of facilitators. To enable potential facilitators to make the necessary adaptive change in their perspective, future implementations of PPC with school children could be preceded by facilitators’ intensive practice of participation and voice.
O projeto Encontro de Saberes nas universidades brasileiras como ação afirmativa
Authors: Leal Aida Brandão , Silva Sandro José da , Alves Lion Granier , Coutinho Edson Lima
Published: September 2023

Trata-se de revisão bibliográfica acerca do Encontro de Saberes, que se caracteriza pela inserção de mestres tradicionais no ensino superior na condição de docentes em disciplinas curriculares. Pretende-se analisar esse projeto como parte e desdobramento das políticas de ações afirmativas. O acesso aos saberes e às práticas tradicionais na relação direta com os mestres compõe e aprofunda o processo que almeja não somente o ingresso de discentes de descendência afro-brasileira e indígena, mas também a inclusão dos seus conhecimentos, metodologias, epistemologias, tendo em vista a superação das abordagens colonizadoras a respeito dos saberes dos povos tradicionais, bem como o enfrentamento do modelo eurocêntrico, colonial e excludente que estrutura as universidades. Mediante o estudo da bibliografia encontrada, é possível inferir que, no contexto brasileiro, o Encontro de Saberes tem se tornado um campo de produção acadêmica e referência para a formação de práticas pedagógicas, de ensino e pesquisa, em uma perspectiva pluriepistêmica e contra colonizadora, em razão das fissuras étnico-racial, política, pedagógica, linguística, institucional e epistêmica. A outorga do título de notório saber aos mestres e às mestras tradicionais nas universidades brasileiras é grande expressão dessas fissuras no modelo acadêmico eurocêntrico, e reflete o atual contexto de enraizamento e amadurecimento do Encontro de Saberes.
La educación emocional en el marco de las políticas neoliberales: Reflexiones teórico-epistemológicas a partir de un estudio exploratorio sobre discursos de educadoras/es en secundarias del AMBA
Authors: Sorondo Juana
Published: September 2023

La educación emocional en el marco de las políticas neoliberales: Reflexiones teórico-epistemológicas a partir de un estudio exploratorio con docentes de secundarias del AMBA. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo aportar una reflexión teórico-epistemológica en sobre las prácticas discursivas de educación emocional en el marco de las políticas educativas neoliberales. Usando un marco teórico-interpretativo sobre la escuela neoliberal, y un diseño de investigación cualitativa exploratoria, se entrevistaron  15 educadoras/es que llevaban adelante prácticas de Educación Emocional en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Se busca interrogar el interés heurístico de este modelo para la comprensión del fenómeno, y, al mismo tiempo, complejizar y profundizar la teoría, atendiendo a las tensiones e hibridaciones de sentidos que se dan en las prácticas. Se advierte la heterogeneidad del discurso del poder, y la multiplicidad normativa que legitima y naturaliza el orden social dominante.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik Menjadi Energi Alternatif Biogas
Authors: Rahmat Firdaus Nur
Published: September 2023

AbstrakSampah adalah masalah yang utama dialami oleh Sebagian masyarakat diindonesia. Populasi yang semakin tinggi dalam kurun waktu setahun. Tidak dapat dengan kehadiran sampah yang terdiri berbagai jenis – jenis sampah, permasalahan ini dapat dirasakan yaitu dampak negatif kepada lingkungan sekitar misal lingkungan kumuh, menjadi sumber sarang penyakit, dan menjadi pemicu pemanasan global yang disebabkan oleh sampah. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu menganalisis pemanfaatan jenis sampah organik yang digunakan untuk energi alternatif yaitu Biogas. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur. Pendekatan yang serupa dengan yang digunakan di sini digunakan untuk mengumpulkan berbagai data dari penelitian yang dilakukan sebelumnya tentang topik yang terkait dengan yang sedang dibahas di sini. Kotoran hewan, kotoran buah dan sayuran, serta bentuk sampah organik lainnya dapat diubah menjadi biogas lebih cepat daripada sampah anorganik. Untuk produksi biogas, mencampur sayuran menjadi satu lebih baik daripada memotongnya. Biogas yang sudah diolah dapat dijadikan energi alternatif yang bisa menguntungkan berbagai sektor. Adanya pemanfaatan sampah organic menjadi biogas ini bisa mengurangi permasalah sampah yang ada diindonesia.
Dekarbonisasi Sektor Ketenagalistrikan Sampai 2050 Dalam Kerangka Kebijakan Energi Nasional
Authors: Yudiartono Yudiartono , Jaka Windarta , Adiarso Adiarso
Published: September 2023

Dekarbonisasi sektor ketenagalistrikan akan bertumpu pada pembangkit EBT jenis PLTS, PLTA dan PLTA pumped storage, PLTP, PLTBm serta PLTN. Pada tahun 2025, produksi listrik dari EBT pada skenario transisi energi (TE) maupun nuklir (NK) diperkirakan  sebesar 145,35 TWh, lebih tinggi 28% dibanding skenario BAU. Pembangkit EBT  yang berkontribusi adalah PLTA dan PLTA pumped storage (62,24 TWh), PLTS (12,26 TWh), PLTP (29,76 TWh) dan EBT lainnya (41,09 TWh). Adapun PLTN akan mulai berkontribusi pada tahun 2035. Pada tahun 2050 diprediksi produksi listrik EBT pada skenario TE dan NK berturut-turut akan mencapai 566,93 TWh dan 722,33 TWh, masing-masing lebih tinggi 77% dan 126% dibanding skenario BAU yang hanya sebesar 319,44 TWh. Khusus untuk PLTN, pada skenario TE, total energi listrik yang akan dihasilkan pada tahun 2050 tersebut adalah sebesar 29,78 TWh. Sedangkan pada skenario NK, kontribusi dari PLTN naik signifikan menjadi 186,15 TWh. Selanjutnya, proyeksi bauran energi primer EBT  pada tahun 2025 dan 2050, untuk skenario BAU, pangsanya berturut turut sebesar 18,17% dan 19,48%, jauh lebih rendah dari target KEN. Namun hal yang berbeda terjadi pada skenario TE, dimana kontribusi EBT mencapai 23,09% (2025) dan 31,33% (2050), sesuai dengan target KEN. Pada skenario NK, dimana penerapan PLTN mencapai 25 GW pada tahun 2050, bauran energi primer berbasis EBT naik signifikan menjadi 36,69%, serta emisi GRK turun menjadi 695,28 juta metric ton CO2eq , lebih rendah berturut turut sebesar 7% dan 17% dibanding dengan skenario BAU dan skenario TE.
PRAKIRAAN PENGGUNAAN ENERGI LISTRIK DENGAN MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN ASPEK GREEN BUILDING PADA GEDUNG SERBA GUNA (GSG) UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
Authors: Zihni Muhammad Amin
Published: September 2023

Green Building tidak hanya mengatur bangunan yang tampak hijau, tetapi juga mengenai konservasi energi, konservasi air, managemen lingkungan pada bangunan. Pada Greenship Rating Tools v1.2 konservasi dan efesiensi energi yang perlu dilakukan pada perancangan bangunan adalah membandingkan konsumsi energi pada desain perencanaan dan desain rekomendasi perencanaan ulang bangunan. Pada Tugas Akhir ini dilakukan konservasi dan efesiensi energi dengan perhitungan konsumsi energi dan simulasi menggunakan software bantu Sefaira plugin pada perencanaan Gedung Serba Guna (GSG) Universitas Diponegoro. Perwal Kota Semarang No.24 tahun 2019 dan Permen PUPR No.2 Tahun 2015 menjadi standar acuan utama yang digunakan. Nilai Over Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) pada bangunan semula 69,95 Watt/m2 menjadi 33,65 Watt/m2, nilai tersebut telah memenuhi standar green building sebesar 35 Watt/m2. Penurunan nilai OTTV ini disebabkan adanya perencanaan ulang selubung bangunan pada jenis kaca, penambahan peneduh, dan pengurangan luasan kaca. Hasil perhitungan Intensitas Konsumsi Energi (IKE) semula sebesar 113,78 kWh/m2/Tahun, turun menjadi 91,27 kWh/m2/Tahun, setelah menerapkan semua rekomendasi perencanaan ulang. Hal ini sejalan dengan simulasi menggunakan Sefaira plugin, dimana nilai IKE berubah semula 110 kWh/m2/Tahun menjadi 97 kWh/m2/Tahun.
Upgrading the durability of perishable wood species using extractives from side streams of durable wood sawmill operations: a review
Authors: Manhiça Alberto António , Uetimane Júnior Ernesto , Jebrane Mohamed , Gillah Peter R.
Published: September 2023

Natural durability is one of the most rated features in wood end-use applications. In fact, several precious native tropical wood species produce timber of high natural durability, which is also related to long service life even for the highest hazard classes. However, selective logging is driving the existing volume of this group of species to near extinction. The remainder of the alternative species produces perishable timbers, which require synthetic chemical protection to prolong their service life but with detrimental effects on humans and the environment. Therefore, transferable durability has emerged as an alternative to gradually substitute traditional wood preservatives. From this approach, extractives from naturally durable wood species are removed and transferred to the non-durable wood species as an alternative environmental-friendly option for wood protection. Indeed, extractives from durable wood species have proven to have a deterrent effect on fungi, bacteria and termites and could be used to protect perishable wood species. Thus, this review aims to assess the prospects of developing environmentally friendly wood preservatives based on extractives sourced from highly natural, durable wood species to treat and add value to the group of perishable timbers. A step-wise analysis offers insights and challenges on (i) potential sources of extractives; (ii) effective extraction methods; (iii) extractive-based preservative formulation; and (iv) effective treatment methods for better preservative fixation for better wood protection. Accounts about the way forward for the development of extractive-based wood preservatives are also presented.
Similarity solutions for cylindrical shock wave in a self-gravitating and rotating gas under the influence of monochromatic radiation and azimuthal or axial magnetic field by using Lie invariance method
Authors: Vats Vidit K. , Singh Dheerendra B. , Amin Danish
Published: September 2023

The group invariance technique is used to investigate the similarity solution of one-dimensional, unsteady motion of cylindrically symmetric shock waves propagating in a rotating, axisymmetric perfect gas permeated with an azimuthal or axial magnetic field, under the effect of monochromatic radiation, with or without self-gravitational effects. The density is considered to be varying with radiation flux moving through the gas. Considering the absorption coefficient to be variable and choosing different values for the arbitrary constants appearing in infinitesimal generators, all possible cases of similarity solutions with shock paths following the power law and exponential law are discussed in detail, and numerical solutions for both the power law and exponential law path is obtained. The effect of changes in the Alfven–Mach number, density exponent, adiabatic index, gravitational, and rotational parameters on shock formation and shock strength has been obtained for both the power law and the exponential law. Further, the effect of all these parameters on the behaviour of flow variables behind the shock is investigated in detail and the results are depicted graphically via figures. It has been found during the study that, the strength of the shock reduces considerably with an increase in the Alfven–Mach number, rotational parameter and adiabatic index, and it increases with increase in density index and gravitational parameter. Various computations involved in this article are carried out by using the MATLAB software.
Media Vs. Law: Which Acts as a Tool of Social Engineering?
Authors: Hamdani Fathul , Fauzia Ana , Mardhiyana Rezka , Kusuma Lalu Aria Nata
Published: September 2023

According to Roscoe Pound, law is viewed as a tool for social engineering. However, the situation in Indonesia reveals that the law has not effectively fulfilled its role as a tool for social engineering and development, as envisioned by Mochtar Kusumaatmadja. This is evident in various law enforcement cases in Indonesia, where the process tends to be sluggish and only gains attention after it becomes viral in the mass media. This study aims to explore the underlying factors behind the influence of mass media on law enforcement in Indonesia and investigate whether both the media and the law can function as tools for social engineering simultaneously. The article adopts a normative legal research methodology, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches. The research findings demonstrate that while the mass media has a positive impact, there are still areas for improvement within the Indonesian legal system, particularly concerning the suboptimal performance of law enforcement officials and state authorities. Despite the potential for mutual support between the media and the law, the current scenario highlights the need for the media to serve as an information disseminator, supervisor, social control, and shaper of public opinion, while the coercive nature of the law can exert pressure on law enforcers and government officials to fulfill their duties and responsibilities.
The Urgency for Enactment of Digital Wallet Regulation (Study Case on South Korea Regulation)
Authors: Hadi Kurniawan Sutrisno
Published: September 2023

In the digital era, the payment system has experienced transformations. Currently, transferring money or payment can be conducted through online and online methods. A digital wallet offers a financial service through online methods. However, there is no designated law or act that regulates digital wallet services in Indonesia. Indonesia has regulated digital wallet services under the Bank Indonesian Regulation (central bank) and Financial Services Authority (OJK) Regulation. This study aims to examine and analyze the urgency for enacting digital wallet regulation in Indonesia and provide a precise regulation about digital wallets from South Korean regulations. This type of research is normative research using a statutory approach to examine the urgency of enacting digital wallet regulation in Indonesia and using a comparative approach to provide a precise regulation about digital wallets from the study of South Korean regulations. The results of this study indicate that regulation at the law or act level concerning digital wallets is needed. There are several elements that must be governed in the digital wallet regulation, such as general provision; consumer protection; registration and license; supervision; obligations and prohibitions; and penalty provisions.
Implementation of Law Number 16 of 2011 Concerning Legal Aid as a Form of Implementation of the Welfare Law State Concept
Authors: Huda Muhammad Wahyu Saiful , Astrovanapoe Syahlila Umaya , Amalia Tia , Latifiani Dian
Published: September 2023

The law that regulates all lines of life is included in regulating legal aid. Indonesia as a rule of law country certainly regulates the implementation of legal aid. However, in practice, legal aid in Indonesia is considered not to have run optimally because many people find it difficult to get legal assistance when they experience problems related to law from a civil-criminal perspective as well as state administration. This of course causes misery to the community and it can be judged that the community does not experience prosperity. Therefore, the author wants to examine this problem using normative juridical research methods. And found that there are problems juridically from Law Number 16 of 2011 Concerning Legal Aid, the community, and executors providing legal aid. especially oversight of funds for the provision of legal aid. Therefore it is necessary to change from a juridical and implementation perspective to be regulated again in order to meet the needs of the Indonesian people.