bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basic principles of risk score formulation in medicine
Authors: Ronsoni Rafael , Predabon Bruna , Leiria Tiago , Lima Gustavo de
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY Risk models play a vital role in monitoring health care performance. Despite extensive research and the widespread use of risk models in medicine, there are methodologic problems. We reviewed the methodology used for risk models in medicine. The findings suggest that many risk models are developed in an ad hoc manner. Important aspects such as the selection of risk factors, handling of missing values, and size of the data sample used for model development are not dealt with adequately. Methodologic details presented in publications are often sparse and unclear. Model development and validation processes are not always linked to the clinical aim of the model, which may affect their clinical validity. We make some suggestions in this review for improving methodology and reporting.
Beyond ventilatory support: challenges in general practice and in the treatment of critically Ill children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Ferranti Juliana Ferreira , Rodriguez Isadora Souza , Motta Emiliana , Johnston Cíntia , Carvalho Werther Brunow de B. , Delgado Artur Figueiredo
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2 infection) is a new challenge for all countries, and children are predisposed to acquire this disease. Some studies have demonstrated more severe diseases in adults, but critically ill pediatric patients have been described in all ages. Pulmonary involvement is the major feature, and ventilatory support is common in critical cases. Nevertheless, other very important therapeutic approaches must be considered. In this article, we reviewed extensively all recent medical literature to point out the main clinical attitudes to support these pediatric patients during their period in respiratory support. Radiologic findings, fluid therapy, hemodynamic support, use of inotropic/vasopressors, nutritional therapy, antiviral therapy, corticosteroids, antithrombotic therapy, and immunoglobulins are analyzed to guide all professionals during hospitalization. We emphasize the importance of a multi-professional approach for adequate recovery.
What do we know about COVID-19? A review article
Authors: Vieira Júlia Maggi , Ricardo Olívia Moura de Paula , Hannas Carolina Miranda , Kanadani Tereza Cristina Moreira , Prata Tiago dos Santos , Kanadani Fábio Nishimura
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To bring summarized information about what has been published so far regarding Covid-19, facilitating the access to information and a better understanding of this pandemic, and to contribute to the medical community in the decision-making against this virus. METHODS This review article brings collected information from different articles published since the beginning of the pandemic of the 2019 novel coronavirus. KEY RESULTS This paper aggregates and consolidates some epidemiological parameters and clinical knowledge about the novel coronavirus and brings what is new in the search for pandemic control. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Governments and health authorities are under increased pressure to control the COVID-19 spreading. In this scenario, the scientific community is working hard to produce relevant papers which will help in the next steps against coronavirus. Our review summarized the latest news about SARS-CoV2, evidencing what we know about COVID-19 until now.
Sars-CoV-2: A clinical update - II
Authors: Cespedes Mateus da Silveira , Souza José Carlos Rosa Pires de
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION A covid-19 pandemic decreed by WHO has raised greater awareness of it. EPIDEMIOLOGY The infection, reached the mark of 2,000,000 patients in 33 countries and caused the risk of the presence of comorbidities and advanced age. TRANSMISSIBILITY The transmissibility calculated so far is similar to the H1N1 epidemic, but with lower mortality rates. PHYSIOPATHOLOGY The SARS-CoV-2 virus, of the Coronaviridae family, has the capacity for cellular invasion through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 does not have a lower respiratory epithelium and in the cells of the small intestine mucosa. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS a presentation can be divided into mild (fever, fatigue, cough, myalgia, and sputum) and severe (cyanosis, dyspnoea, tachypnea, chest pain, hypoxemia and need for clinical measurement) and has an estimated estimate of 2%. DIAGNOSIS allows the detection of viral load in CRP-TR of patients with high clinical suspicion. TREATMENT based on supportive measures and infection control. In severe cases, the use of medications such as hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin or medication can be promising. Take care to avoid the use of corticosteroids. There are no restrictions on the use of resources and IECAs / BRAs.
A Revisão de Programa de Pós-Graduação e o Desenvolvimento Institucional: Uma Experiência na Faculdade de Medicina do Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Reis Maria das Graças , Santos Vitorino Modesto dos , Lopes Edison Reis , Teixeira Vicente de Paula Antunes
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho de pesquisa avaliativa foi obter dados e informações referentes ao programa de pós-graduação em patologia da Faculdade de Medicina do Triângulo Mineiro (CPGP/FMTM) em Uberaba (MG) e avaliar a eficiência, eficácia e qualidade, além de suas relações com o desenvolvimento institucional. Foi realizado um levantamento de dados referente a história de vida, proposta do programa, recursos docente e discente, teses, linhas de pesquisa, espaço físico e infra-estrutura de apoio acadêmico. Na análise dos dados obtidos, foram enfocados o contexto e o produto-resultado, utilizando-se os critérios de avaliação de programa, eficiência e eficácia. Com respeito à qualidade do programa, foram considerados na avaliação a reputação, recursos, resultados e valor agregado, tendo sido estabelecida sua correlação com o desenvolvimento institucional. Os resultados deste trabalho favorecem a importância de uma revisão regular dos programas de pós-graduação das instituições de ensino superior em geral e, em particular, do CPGP/FMTM.
OS ESTUDOS DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL E A ECONOMIA DE VISIBILIDADES DO DESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Teixeira Raquel Oliveira Santos , Zhouri Andréa , Motta Luana Dias
Published: June 2020

RESUMOS A realização de grandes projetos de infraestrutura é fomentada e justificada por meio da retórica do desenvolvimento, categoria que produz efeitos de sentidos que atribuem aos projetos uma inexorabilidade frente às “exigências” do mercado. Contudo, embora tratada sob a rubrica impactos no âmbito do licenciamento ambiental das grandes obras, a produção de violências diversas, e da expropriação em particular, é inerente a tais projetos. A partir de pesquisas de campo que analisam as políticas das afetações provocadas por duas barragens no Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, e da análise do EIA-RIMA de um complexo minerário na bacia do Rio Santo Antônio, sub-bacia do rio Doce, este texto aborda os limites e implicações das categorias tradicionalmente mobilizadas nas Avaliações de Impacto Ambiental. Discutimos a economia de visibilidades produzida no âmbito dos licenciamentos e como ela elide a multiplicidade de deslocamentos compulsórios e a violência rotinizada no âmbito da gestão técnica dos impactos.
Maize Response to Trinexapac-Ethyl and Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: SANGOI L. , DURLI M.M. , SOUZA C.A. , LEOLATO L.S. , KUNESKI H.F. , COELHO A.E.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: High nitrogen rates favor maize vegetative growth and grain yield losses due to stem lodging. The use of growth regulators can mitigate such effect. This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the effect of trinexapac ethyl on maize hybrids response to side-dress nitrogen rates. The experiment was carried out in Lages, Santa Catarina State, South of Brazil, during two growing seasons with two hybrids (P1680 and P30F53), and four nitrogen rates (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg N ha-1) were tested, with and without the presence of trinexapac ethyl. The experimental design was in randomized blocks arranged in split-split plots, with three replications per treatment. The plants height and ear insertion height, plant lodging and breaking, grain yield and yield components were evaluated. Grain yield increased in a quadratic way with increased nitrogen rate. The highest grain yields were 15,784 and 15,257 kg ha-1, in 2014/15 and 2015/16, respectively. Application rates higher than 150 kg of N ha-1, regardless of the use of the plant growth regulator, promoted maximum grain yield increases, ranging from 14.7 to 18.1%. The application of trinexapac-ethyl reduced the upper stem internode length, 1000-grain dry weight and did not affect the percentage of lodged plants and grain yield of both hybrids. Therefore, the use of trinexapac-ethyl did not enhance the maize grain yield response to increased rates of side-dress nitrogen.
Relative Competitiveness Between Cultivated and Weedy Rice under Full and Low Light
Authors: SCHAEDLER C.E. , LUBIAN W. , LIMA P.C. , CHIAPINOTTO D.M.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Cultivated and weedy rice biotypes exhibit morphophysiological variations under low light, affecting competition between plants. The aim of this study was to assess relative competitiveness between cultivated and weedy rice under full and low light. Three experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The treatments in the experiment I were arranged in additive series while in the experiments II and III treatments were arranged in replacement series. Experiments II and III were carried out concomitantly to assess coexistence between the rice cultivar and weedy rice. The treatments consisted of different plants proportions: 100:0 (cultivated rice monoculture), 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 (weedy rice monoculture), keeping the total plant population obtained in experiment I (240 plants m-2) constant. Experiment II was conducted with full solar radiation and III under 50% light. The variables analyzed were shoot dry weight and plant height, 35 days after emergence (DAE). Competition among plants was evaluated via graphs and by interpreting competition indices. Concerning shoot dry weight, mutual losses were recorded between competitors, whereas equal competition for resources was observed for plant height. Weedy rice was more competitive than cultivated rice regardless of the light environment assessed, indicating the need for integrated methods to control this weed.
Cactus Pear: a Weed of Dry-Lands for Supplementing Food Security Under Changing Climate
Authors: IQBAL M.A. , HAMID A. , IMTIAZ H. , RIZWAN M. , IMRAN M. , SHEIKH U.A.A. , SAIRA I.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Climate change characterized by global warming and frequent occurrence of prolonged drought spells has necessitated the cultivation of multi-purpose crops which are temperature and drought hardy. This paper evaluates the production potential of cactus pear [Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill.] as an alternate and low-cost forage crop along with the recent advancements in its cultivation and utilization as food crop for supplementing the food security of rapidly increasing populace. The botanical, ecological and physiological traits enabling cactus pear to survive under harsh agro-climatic conditions have been objectively elaborated. A variety of impediments hampering its wide-scale cultivation and future breeding needs for improving the biomass production and nutritional quality have also been identified. The potential of cactus pear to reduce desertification along with imparting sustainability to modern, commercial and profitable agriculture in dry-lands makes it an exceptional plant. Its annual biomass (stems called cladodes) yield of 40-50 t ha-1 with an appropriate agronomic management may sustain 5-6 adult cows supporting a family of 12-16 people. However, its slow growth, less fruit yield, poor nutritional quality of forage and the fear of cactus pear becoming a noxious weed restricts its popularized cultivation and thus demands a comprehensive genetic improvement and agronomic technology package.
Weed Interference in Soybean Crop Affects Soil Microbial Activity and Biomass
Authors: FIALHO C.M.T. , SILVA A.A. , MELO C.A.D. , COSTA M.D. , SOUZA M.W.R. , REIS L.A.C.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Weeds and microorganisms interacting with their rhizosphere may influence nutrient absorption, which is an important factor for plant competition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microbiological activity, inorganic phosphorus solubilization (Pi) and acid phosphatase in the cultivated soil, in a combination of soybean (Glycine max) plants and weeds. Soybeans were cultivated in monoculture and in competition with Bidens pilosa, Brachiaria decumbens (Syn. Urochloa decumbens) and Eleusine indica, under two conditions: a) plants competing without contact between the roots b) plants competing with contact between the roots. A nylon screen with a 50 µm mesh was added to prevent contact between the roots of the species in competition so that the substratum could be separated in the vase. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, with four replications. The soybeans in competition with weeds led to lower oxidation of organic matter per unit of microbial biomass, resulting in a lower metabolic quotient, compared with the soybean monoculture. The contact between soybean roots and B. pilosa, B. decumbens and E. indica maintained a strong influence, raising the solubilization of Pi, respectively valued at 51, 39 and 31% in relation to the cultivation of each species with a nylon screen. Microbiological activity, inorganic phosphorus solubilization and acid phosphatase were altered by plant species, combinations of weeds and soybean plants in competition; by root contact in some cases. Thus, the microbiological activity of the soil can influence competition strategies and plant development.
Germination of Solanum nigrum L. (Black Nightshade) in Response to Different Abiotic Factors
Authors: DONG H. , MA Y. , WU H. , JIANG W. , MA X.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: Solanum nigrum L. (black nightshade), an annual to short-lived perennial weed, has become a problem weed in farming systems in central China. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine the influence of various abiotic factors on seed germination of black nightshade to develop effective weed control programs. Seeds germinated at a range of constant temperatures from 15 to 30 oC, but no germination occurred at temperatures below 10 oC or above 35 oC. Seeds also germinated at alternating temperature regimes from 15/5 to 40/30 oC, with maximum germination (> 93.5%) at the alternating temperatures of 25/15 and 30/20 oC. Germination decreased as osmotic potential became more negative, and no germination was observed at ≤ -0.8 MPa. Moreover, germination was reduced by saline and alkaline stresses and no germination occurred at ≥ 200 mM NaCl or ≥ 150 mM NaHCO3 concentrations. Seed germination was not significantly affected by pH values from 5 to 10. Seedling emergence was significantly affected by burial depth with maximum emergence (93.1%) at 1 cm depth.
Método Canguru: como garantir e ampliar em tempos de Covid-19.
Authors: Custodio Zaira Ap. de Oliveira , Morsch Denise Streit , Marba Sérgio Tadeu Martins , Gomes Maria Auxiliadora Mendes , Machado Luiza Geaquinto , Lamy Zeni Carvalho
Published: June 2020

A baixa contaminação pelo SARS-CoV-2 em gestantes, puérperas e mesmo nos recém-nascidos (RN), não impede a presença de preocupação nas famílias e nas equipes de saúde da Unidades Neonatais (UN). É preciso estarmos atentos às diferentes solicitações que surgem diante das ameaças da Covid-19, neste espaço hospitalar. Entendemos que, aliadas ao temor de contaminação, as restrições impostas pelo isolamento e distanciamento social, com a consequente retirada das redes de apoio familiares e sociais, uma importante sustentação aos pais dos RN durante a internação, cria espaço para o surgimento de insegurança e até desassossego em muitas famílias. Não podendo contar com este suporte na formação da parentalidade, os pais possuem apenas o filho, ainda bebê, e a equipe de saúde para ajudá-los neste processo. Diante disto, as propostas da Atenção Humanizada ao Recém-Nascido - Método Canguru, no Brasil, avaliou a indicação de adaptações em suas orientações, garantindo a proteção de todos fenômenos psíquicos/emocionais/biológicos que percorrem esta criança e sua família neste momento evolutivo. Assim, o cuidado integral e individualizado a esta população passa a contar ainda mais com o apoio das redes internas presentes nas UN, facilitadas pelos profissionais da equipe de psicologia. O apoio às narrativas das diferentes histórias familiares que descobrem novos percursos para a formação de seus laços afetivos, neste momento tão especial, recebe um olhar mais cuidadoso no período desta pandemia. São apresentadas propostas de manejos psico-afetivos para com o recém-nascido e sua família, garantindo o contato pele a pele, o acolhimento diferenciado aos pais, especialmente da figura materna, e a interação com a equipe de saúde no momento presente das rotinas das unidades neonatais estabelecendo proteção para momentos futuros desta história familiar.
Can Forecast Errors Predict Financial Crises? Exploring the Properties of a New Multivariate Credit Gap
Authors: Afanasyeva Elena
Published: June 2020

Yes, they can. I propose a new method to detect credit booms and busts from multivariate systems -- monetary Bayesian vector autoregressions. When observed credit is systematically higher than credit forecasts justified by real economic activity variables, a positive credit gap emerges. The methodology is tested for 31 advanced and emerging market economies. The resulting credit gaps fit historical evidence well and detect turning points earlier, outperforming the credit-to-GDP gaps in signaling financial crises, especially at longer horizons. The results survive in real time and can shed light on the drivers of credit booms.
Yeni Medya ile Yeni Gazetecilik Anlayışı: Haber Ajanslarının Sosyal Medya Gazeteciliği Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: TUTGUN-ÜNAL Aylin
Published: June 2020

Günümüzde haber almak için ilk başvurulan kaynağın sosyal medya olması ile vatandaşların, haber ajanslarının, politikacıların ve pek çok meslek alanındaki profesyonel kişilerin sıklıkla sosyal medya hesaplarından haber yayını yapması gazeteciliği farklı bir boyuta taşımıştır. Önceleri internet gazeteciliği için bahsedilen pek çok avantajlı özelliğin şimdilerde sosyal medya platformlarına taşınması ve sosyal ağların kendine özgü doğasıyla birleşmesi sonucunda sosyal medya gazeteciliği kavramı tartışılmaya başlamıştır. Böylece haber kuruluşlarının sosyal medya ölçümleme sitelerine kaydolarak performans takibi yapmaları ve sosyal medya hesaplarından günlük haberleri paylaşmaları yeni bir gazetecilik alanının ve çalışma şeklinin doğacağının sinyalini vermiştir. Twitter gazeteciliği, Instagram gazeteciliği, YouTube gazeteciliği ve hatta hikâye gazeteciliği gibi sosyal medya gazetecilik türlerinin toplumun haber alma ihtiyacını karşılamada yeni bir alan yarattığı görülmektedir. Bu araştırmada ülkemizde popülerliği ile bilinen üç haber ajansının sosyal medya gazeteciliği yönünden incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Genel tarama modeline göre yürütülen araştırmada, üç haber ajansının Facebook, Instagram, Twitter ve YouTube hesaplarındaki takipçi sayıları, haber paylaşım sıklıkları, takipçi artış oranları ve paylaştıkları ileti türleri incelenerek sosyal medya gazeteciliği açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylece haber ajanslarının yeni gazetecilik anlayışına yönelik tutumlarının ileriye dönük yapacakları çalışmalara yön vereceği düşünülmektedir.
AUTHOR’S POSITION OF I. NECHUY-LEVYTSKY IN THE FAIRY TALE “THE OFFENDED AND THE NON-OFFENDED”
Authors: Kononchuk Mykhaylo
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the fairy tale of I.S. Nechuy-Levytsky’s “The Offended and The Non-offended”, the history of its writing, printing and ideological content. It is deduced that in a fairy tale the author reveals his civic position.
REPRESENTATIVES OF CHURCH IN FICTION INTERPRETATION BY I. NECHUI-LEVYTSKYI
Authors: Prylipko Iryna
Published: June 2020

In the article exposes the peculiaritys of representation the clergy in I. Nechui-Levytskyi’s prose. Elucidates the specification of modeling the images, artistic means and style of texts. In the context of analysis of images system outlines the problematic and church-religious context of representation.

The artistic interpretation the clergy in I. Nechui-Levytskyi’s prose conditions of personal experience by author, his observations and conclusions, bases on the realistic principle of representations. Realistic and satiric reception of clergy forming the variegated of representation the images of clergy, exposes their in the private, social, church-religious contexts. Important roles in the expose characters of clergy in I. Nechui-Levytskyi’s prose plays the contrast’s representation, portrait, connection typical and original features. The writer exposes positive and negative sides of activities of then clergy, accents on the depreciation of moral-ethical, spiritual factors in life and activities of clergy, exposes the causes of bad relations between clergy and people.
FINANCIAL IMPACT OF REAL ESTATE TAX ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT TAX REVENUE
Authors: Kriviņa Anita
Published: June 2020

The real estate tax is one of the direct taxes administered by municipalities and it is the only one tax in Latvia that is fully credited to the local government budget. The research object of the article is the financial impact of real estate tax on budgets tax revenue of local governments. The aim of the research is to analyse the impact of real estate tax revenue on municipal budget in the administration context of tax expenditure. In the frames of the research following hypothesis was formulated - real estate tax has a relatively small impact on revenue of municipal budget, but it has relatively high administration costs. In order to analyse the financial impact, it was researched the expenses of real estate tax administration. As the basis for the study the estimated and actual tax administration expenses of one municipality was used.
MARKETING TOOL “ZORGE” AND ITS USE IN ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
Authors: Nikolajeva Anna
Published: June 2020

The aim of the research was to develop a marketing strategy of the Zorge marketing tool and describe its usage in e-commerce. Zorge web application will be an automatic marketing tool that will use cloud computing technology. The main benefits of the tool will be its multiuse and ability to display adverts to users who use ad blockers and create an interaction of all ads, allowing users to show relevant advertising to their website visitors. Zorge web application will be used for advert construction - pop-ups, push notifications and inner website banners, that can be placed on a clients website. It can be done by pasting short JavaScript code in their website HTML file after users will be able to manage their adverts inside their Zorge web application. The author examined several topics to develop the web application architecture - digital marketing technology current developments, competitor home pages, competitor web applications and an economic embodiment were explored. Within the research was developed a marketing strategy for the Zorge web application.
CONCEPT OF BABY BOX AND IT’S HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Daukule Inese
Published: June 2020

Baby box-place for child’s life, place where mothers can insert newborn baby and be sure that child will be safely. Need for baby box in every region of the country is justly required not only as a preventive measure, but also as a real mechanism for protecting children. The topicality of the subject is justified by that, that in practice, baby box exist and work well, but they don’t have normative regulation.
CONVICTS AND PRISONERS PERSON UNDERSTRANDING AND SCAPE OF RIGHTS
Authors: Keiša Santa
Published: June 2020

Convicts and prisoners person human rights in imprisonment places are decidedly violated, it is demonstrated by administrative Court and European Court of Human Rights judgments. Exist accepted juridical acts, which some norms are contrary to human rights guaranteed in the constitution Court. The aim of the semester work is to find out the standard of human rights in imprisonment paces and how Latvian imprisonment places guarantee human right. The work task is to find out imprisonments, prisons and human right development. Explore imprisonment places and human right concept. To find out convicts and prisoners person legal status, its regulation and improvement possibilities. Following the analysis made by the author, has shown some suggestions how imprisonment places can to do raise standard of human rights, as well as were analysed actual problems.
PUBLIC CONTRACTS
Authors: Krampuža Ilga
Published: June 2020

Public law contracts are used as a means for regulating administrative legal relationships. Understanding the form of public administration activities - public contracts - has evolved considerably in the recent years, however there is still a lack of clarity about the application of public law contracts, their distinguishing, contract components. The study updates the most well-known public law contract: aspects of mutual use and distinguishing between the administrative contract, co-operation contract, participation contract and the delegation contract. For the purpose of the use of the contracts, it is suggested to distinguish between the purpose of the use of public law contracts, their subject-matter, the overall nature of the contract and the main points to be included in the contracts.
THE LEGAL NATURE OF COMPENSATION FROM THE MEDICAL TREATMENT RISK FUND
Authors: Stikute Sanda
Published: June 2020

Nowadays the number of submitted applications with an aim of getting compensations from the Medical Treatment Risk Fund continues to increase. The foreign practice is indicative of existing detailed guidelines, ensuring preconditions for determination of causal relationship between a mistake made by a physician and the suffered health damage. Furthermore, the things that are considered as the negligence of a medical person and the duty to prove the damage are clearly defined. In its turn, the Latvian laws and regulations provide a superficial regulation of mechanism for compensation granting; however, the current court practice demonstrates reference to lack of knowledge in the medical field, thus leaving decision making for the Health Inspectorate. The Article analyses foreign examples and the relevant case law for decision making concerning issues of compensation granting from the budget of the Medical Treatment Risk Fund.
THE CONCEPT AND MEANING OF THE QUALIFICATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCES
Authors: Zykin Boris
Published: June 2020

In this article, the author focuses attention on problematic problems of qualification of administrative crimes. The author also pays attention to the requirement of improvement of methods of qualification of administrative crimes. Article is relevant as the choice of a measure of punishment depends on qualification of administrative crime. The correct qualification does possible release from administrative responsibility, depends on it. Thus, the mistake in qualification of crime can entail the wrong decision on case of administrative crime. Such error noticed by superior court involves change or cancellation of the resolution. The novelty of a subject is explained with the aspect chosen by the author.
VARAKLANI HEALTH CARE RESOURCES IN LNA FUNDS (1945-1991): ARCHIVAL VALUE OF DOCUMENTS
Authors: Ikaunieks Arturs
Published: June 2020

Aim of the research: to analyse the value of these documents in archival material, to promote the use of these documents. The study identified documents on Varaklani city health care between 1945 and 1991. Until now, the topic was almost unexplored. The work was complicated by the fact that Varaklani had been in different territorial formations, the documents were in several archives, and some of the documents had not been preserved at the beginning of the research.
LATVIAN SSR ARCHIVE REORGANIZATION IN 1961
Authors: Reča Marta
Published: June 2020

This paper reveals on the Latvian SSR archiving reorganization in 1961, when control of the Archiving Administration passed from the Interior Ministry to the Council of Ministers. The paper analyses processes and outcomes of reorganization as well as essential issues in archiving from 1961 up to 1964
Clinical and laboratory assessment of the application efficacy of antibacterial combinations in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis
Authors: Puri-Zahidan S V
Published: June 2020

Aim. To determine the efficacy of the combination of metronidazole and co-trimoxazole in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis.

Methods. The studies included patients with slight and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis without concomitant pathology. Patients were divided into two groups with similar age and severity of periodontal diseases. In the first group, metronidazole was administered into the periodontal pocket; in the second group co-trimoxazole and metronidazole combination was used. Oral fluid testing was used to detect ureolytic and glycolytic activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, conjugated dienes, catalase activity, Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin (SIgA) and Lysozyme. Changes in periodontal disease were assessed before and after treatment. The duration of treatment was 12 days.

Results. Co-trimoxazole and metronidazole combination more effectively stimulated ureolytic activity and reduced glycolytic effect. It had a more effective antioxidant effect that manifested in: a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels by 32.8% (p 0.01) and by 36.6% (p 0.01) in patients with slight and moderate periodontitis, respectively; decrease in diene conjugates by 25.0% (p 0.001) and 37.7% (p 0.001); and increased catalase activity 2.6 and 2.9 times (p 0.001). After treatment, it was revealed an increase in lysozyme activity by 11.3% and 17.6% (р 0,001) in patients with slight and moderate periodontitis, respectively, and increase secretory IgA levels by 37.4% (p 0.001) and 53.2% (p 0.001). In the first group, the amount of SIgA in the oral fluid increases by 35.8% (p 0.001), and by 45.6% (p 0.001) compared to the value before treatment in patients with slight and moderate periodontitis, and in the second group by 37.4% (p 0.001) and 53.2% (p 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion. The combined treatment with co-trimoxazole + metronidazole leads to the positive changes in the studied parameters causes rapid disappearance of the symptoms characteristic of chronic generalized periodontitis; this 2-drug combination is recommended to be included in the complex therapeutic measures for inflammatory periodontal diseases.
The results of a subjective assessment of the organization of inpatient care for newborn parents and neonatologists
Authors: Moiseeva K E , Berezkina E N , Kirilenko V V
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study the opinion of mothers of newborns and neonatologists about the organization of inpatient care for newborns in St. Petersburg.

Methods. An anonymous survey of 2123 mothers of newborns and 172 neonatologists of St. Petersburg was conducted. The representativeness of the sample was checked by using the method of Professor A.M. Merkov, with the errors do not exceed 4 and 3%, respectively. Mathematical processing and data analysis were carried out by using the statistical software package PASW STATISTICS.

Results. 28.9% of mothers were partially or completely unsatisfied with the organization of inpatient care for newborns, in most cases due to the unfriendly and inattentive attitude by the medical staff (22.4%), the unsatisfactory provision by child care products (12.8%) and poor material and technical equipment of a medical organization (12.5%). On average, the human qualities of neonatologists were rated quite high by mothers at 4.630.09 (out of 5) points, and in mid-level practitioners were significantly lower 3.910.08 points (p 0.05). In general, staying a newborn in a medical organization required financial costs for 37.3% of women, and 13.9% of respondents who received help through compulsory medical insurance paid for individual laboratory and other tests on their own. Mothers rated the organization of inpatient care for newborns on average 4.010.09 points. Compared to mothers, neonatologists rated it higher in the medical organization they work for and lower overall in St. Petersburg (M=4.110.10 points and M=3.780.12 points; p 0.05). According to the doctors, the main disadvantages of organizing inpatient care for newborns are poor material and technical equipment and problems associated with the staffing and qualifications of medical personnel.

Conclusion. There is a need to improve the process of providing inpatient care to newborns.
Diagnostic difficulties of lichen planus: how to avoid medical error
Authors: Fayzullina E V , Yusupova Z T , Khismatulina I M , Zinatulina G M
Published: June 2020

The article presents a clinical case of lichen planus, misdiagnosed as psoriasis in the elderly patient. The case demonstrates difficulties in the differentiation of papulosquamous disorder experienced by dermatovenereologists, both dermatology residents and specialists with practical experience in the clinic of skin conditions. There are difficult to compare the clinical symptoms and histological conclusion of pathologists when diagnosing psoriasis and lichen planus. A variety of lichen planus according to 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, L43.8Other lichen planus, a pigmented form presents a particular difficulty. Clinical and pathomorphological criteria for the diagnosis of psoriasis and lichen planus have been developed.
First experience of one and two-step endoscopic submucosal dissection of colorectal neoplasms
Authors: Sayfutdinov I M , Slavin L E , Khayrullin R N , Mukharyamov M S , Zimagulov R T , Ivanov A I , Panasyuk M V , Sayfutdinova D I , Ivanov I A
Published: June 2020

Aim. To analyze the results of one and two-step endoscopic submucosal dissection in the treatment of colorectal neoplasms.

Methods. Between 2018 and 2019, 17 patients (6 men and 11 women) aged 33 to 79 years underwent 21 endoscopic submucosal dissections of colorectal neoplasms ranging in size from 1.0 to 6.0 cm. Submucosal fibrosis was identified in 2 (11.8%) patients, epithelial neoplasms in 15 (88.2%) patients including laterally spreading tumors in 9 (60%), and large sessile colorectal polyps in 6 (40%) patients. Histological examination revealed a carcinoid tumor (11.8%), adenoma with low-grade (64.7%) and high-grade (23.5%) intraepithelial neoplasia. 13 patients were subjected to the one-step operation, and 4 patients required the two-step operation with a 1-day interval. Follow-up examinations after the operation were performed, on average, between 2 and 6 months.

Results. En bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed in 11 (64.7%) patients, 4 of them in combination with mucosal resection. Endoscopic piecemeal resection of the neoplasia was performed in 6 (35.3%) patients. The average operative time was 15573 minutes (range 40320 min). Intraoperative complications, which were eliminated endoscopically, occurred during 8 (38.1%) of 21 operations: intensive bleeding in 6 (75%) patients, diastasis of muscle fibers in 1 (12.5%) patient, perforation of the intestinal wall in 1 (12.5%) patient. At the follow-up at 6 months, all patients formed the scar at the surgical area, while 3 patients required endoscopic removal of residual adenoma 2 months after the operation.

Conclusion. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is an effective method for removing colorectal neoplasms, while two-step dissection is a promising approach to the development of the technique.Keywords: one and two-step dissection, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), colorectal neoplasms.
Child Infectious Morbidity in the USSR during the World War II
Authors: Sher S A , Albitskiy V Yu , Baranov A A
Published: June 2020

This article presents the results of a historical and medical research reflecting infectious morbidity among children during the Second World War (the Great Patriotic War 19411945). The research, based on archival and literary sources, aims to highlight the situation with infectious morbidity of children in the USSR during the war. The study is relevant because the majority of historical and medical research devoted to the war had been carried out in the Soviet epoch and did not always depict an objective image due to the ideological concepts of that time, which often prohibited the publication of certain information. Inconsiderable in number studies have been conducted on this topic in post-Soviet Russia, yet are selective or localized. A review of a wide range of sources provides an independent perspective on the dramatic situation concerning the significant increase of childhood infections during the war both in the occupied territory and in the regions of childrens evacuation. As a result of systemic control measures carried out by central and regional public health services, childhood infections had not become endemic. Despite the rising number of tuberculosis cases, sexually transmitted diseases, and malaria in the early years of the war, further spread of the socially significant pathologies was prevented.
For the 90th anniversary of Davydov Vasily Yakovlevich — doctor, scientist, teacher
Authors: Nikolaeva I V , Zagidullina A I , Gilmullina F S , Galeeva N V , Sozinova J M
Published: June 2020

The article presents the course of life, personality formation and becoming a doctor of Vasily Yakovlevich Davydov and dedicated to the 90th anniversary of his birth. Vasily Yakovlevich Davydov (13.02.193015.07.2016) anoutstanding representative of the Kazan school of infectious diseases, associate Professor of the Department of infectious diseases, Kazan state medical University, person with special clinical thinking, who trained more than agenerations of doctors. He was awarded the Excellence in Healthcare prize by the USSR People's Commissariat of Health, Honored Doctor of the Republic of Tatarstan. He was awarded the medals: For valiant and dedicated work in the Great Patriotic War of 19411945, Veteran of Labor, Winner in Social Competition, Millennium of RT, five anniversary medals For Victory over Fascist Germany. The life course of V.Ya.Davydov is an incentive for the younger generation of doctors. His philanthropy, dedication and high professionalism should be aworthy example of the ministry of his profession.
Teacher Self-Perceptions of Skills and Beliefs Using Technology in Classroom Practice
Authors: Gillespy Geri R.
Published: June 2020

New technology and innovations over the last decade have created a global economy that
incorporates people communicating and making connections all over the world, twenty-four
hours a day. With this continuous drive in society, there is added pressure to integrate
more technology in the classroom and into the hands of students. Although there is a great
push to add technology in education, studies demonstrate that teachers are reluctant to
modify and change their current practice. Educational leaders, politicians, and district
administration are spending valuable resources on devices to drive daily instruction in
schools where teachers tend to have more of a traditional attitude and seem more reluctant
when it comes to integrating technology in the classroom. Billions of dollars are being spent
on technology that appears underutilized and/or used ineffectively because of a lack of teacher
confidence in skills or knowledge, or personal view of importance in education. Using a
quantitative approach, this study used a self-reported questionnaire to examine current teachers'
perceptions of knowledge and skills, as well as rating of value using technology for communication
and collaboration, compared to their reported practice.
Role of hsCRP as a marker in assessing severity of asthma
Authors: Mathanraj S , Balaji K , Praveenraj
Published: June 2020

Asthma is usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation along with respiratory manifestations like, shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness and variable expiratory airflow limitation. Studies have indicated increased levels of systemic markers high sensitivity C-reactive protein in patients with bronchial asthma.

Assessment of the levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in asthmatic patients.

It is a comparative-descriptive and observational study, done during the study period April 2014 – June 2015, and the number of asthmatic patients was 80 and 24 healthy controls.

High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels increased in asthmatic patients irrespective of the use of Inhaled corticosteroids. The mean high sensitivity C-reactive protein level of group A (steroid naïve) is 3.9085 which is higher than that of group B (steroid using patients) 2.7575 and healthy controls 0.5138. Although using Inhaled corticosteroids lead to decrease in hsCRP levels, the difference between the means of hsCRP among the two groups A and B was not statistically significant (p=0.093). But when hsCRP levels of group A and group B are compared with the controls, there was high statistical significance (p=0.001). In Pulmonary function test results, the relationship between hsCRP and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume) showed a negative correlation of hs CRP with FEV1%, and it had even more significant negative correlation in patients who are steroid naïve than patients using steroids.

Diminished pulmonary function is related with raise serum hsCRP level more in steroid naive patients. Serum hsCRP can be used as one of the indirect parameters for the assessment of degree of severity in the airways manifestation.
Management of tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern part of India
Authors: Arpita Sahoo Krishna , SSundar Ray Chinmaya
Published: June 2020

Accidental Foreign body aspiration is common in children presenting to emergency outpatient department. Early diagnosis from clinical and radiological investigations is pivotal for successful removal of aspirated foreign body. We here report 35 cases of foreign body aspiration with respect to clinical features, type and location of foreign body, complications during bronchoscopy.

To evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnosis & management of tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies in a tertiary care hospital

This was a retrospective study of 35 cases of foreign body removal done between January2018to January2020. We included those cases that had history of aspiration, sudden onset of breathlessness or choking sensation in a healthy person, recurrent respiratory infections with clinical or radiological evidence, and suspicion of foreign body. Every case was documented with respect to age, sex, nature, site of foreign body lodgement, duration between inhalation or symptoms and admission in a hospital, clinical symptoms and signs, chest radiography findings, results and complications of bronchoscopy.

The most common age group was between 1-6 years. Most of the patients attended hospital after 7 days of aspiration without any emergencies. History of aspiration and respiratory distress were the common presentation. Fever was present in those who presented late to the emergency department. About 25 cases (71.4%) had diminished or absent breath sounds followed by 12 cases (50%) of stridor, 15 cases (42.8%) diminished percussion notes. The common radiographic finding is obstructive emphysema and commonest site was right bronchus. Most of the foreign bodies were vegetative in nature.

Early investigation with bronchoscopy is warranted when a strong clinical suspicion exists for foreign body aspiration, since bronchoscopy helps to resolve the symptoms quickly and prevent further complications
Historical Overview of Pastoral Care in Prison in Poland (1550-1956)
Authors: Czelny Michał
Published: June 2020

Przegląd historyczny opieki duszpasterskiej w więzieniu

W Polsce (1550-1956)Historia opieki duszpasterskiej w więzieniu przedstawiona w niniejszym artykule dotyczy dwóch wymiarów: sytuacji prawnej więźnia (jego prawa i obowiązki) oraz sytuacji prawnej kapelana więziennego. Do 1918 r. kapelan więzienny koncentrował swoje wysiłki na pomocy religijnej i budowie nowych kaplic więziennych. Następnie w drugim okresie (1918-1939) na podstawie rozporządzenia Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej z dnia 7 marca 1928 r. w sprawie organizacji więziennictwa, polscy więźniowie uzyskali prawo do uczestnictwa w nabożeństwach. Na mocy kolejnego aktu normatywnego wydanego w 1931 r. rozstrzygnięte zostały kwestie dostępu więźniów różnych wyznań do posługi religijnej w kaplicy więziennej. Istotną rolę odegrała ustawa z 26 lipca 1939 r. o organizacji więziennictwa. W artykule przedstawiona została również ewolucja kapelaństwa więziennego w czasie okupacji sowieckiej i niemieckiej. Wreszcie uwagę zwrócono także na porozumienie z dnia 14 kwietnia 1950 r. zawarte między rządem komunistycznym a Episkopatem Polski.
English title is no available.
Authors: احمد الدلیمی ا.د. محمد دلف , عبدون الحصانی وا.د. نسرین عواد
Published: June 2020

This study considers the urban characteristics of the old city of Fallujah and the impact of the prevailing climatic characteristics on its construction. In particular this study focuses on the suitability of the construction methods and materials for a desert region characterized by high temperatures and a lack of rain. The researcher relied on the analytical and descriptive methodology to reach the research objective. This study concludes that the bot arid conditions encouraged the construction of converging residential dwellings and narrow, twisted streets, designed to produce the largest area of shadows and thereby reduce the air temperature in these areas. The same purpose also contributed to the height of roofs and the selection of building materials used in the construction of walls and ceilings, as well as the distribution of spaces within the housing units.
Keywords: Not Available
Fallujah and its location from the migration of the Shammari community in 1118 AD/1706 AH
Authors: Abbas al-Shaman al-Samarrai Qasim Hassan
Published: June 2020

In the eleventh and twelfth centuries (AH), or seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (CE), Iraq witnessed the entry of a large group of immigrant tribes from the Arabian Peninsula, moving from Najd and Hail towards Iraq. Iraqi historians called them ‘Shammar’. The tribes entered Iraq in three batches, the first was in 1050 and the second was 1118 and the third was 1206 (AH). The largest of these migrations occurred in 1118, led by Ghanem al-Hassan al-Khawari, and a huge number of immigrants swept through the Iraqi valleys and caused significant anxiety amongst some Iraqi tribes and arousing the anger of the Ottomans. Hassan Pasha, the Ottoman minister of Baghdad, led an army to subdue the immigrant tribes. He crossed the Radwani bridge south of Falluja and eventually met them at their gathering site in the al-Mshahid area near Fallujah. There was a major battle which led to the dispersion of the immigrant community throughout Iraq, as well as the Levant and the Mesopotamia. A large proportion of them ended up in the area now known as the Anbar governorate. Many of the people of this immigrant community settled in these large areas from the outskirts of Fallujah to the Syrian Bawadi, and undermined the control of some of the forces known to these areas such as the Mawali. The fact that the battle occured near Fallujah is of great importance, marking the point when the city becomes more widely known. The dispersal of the Al-Ashraf and other migrations were a key development in preserving Arabian Iraq against the attempts to make it Persian.
Keywords: (Al-Radwany bridge , Hassan Pasha , Al-Falluja , Al-Mshahid).