bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Renal Risk Prediction in Cardiac Surgery using traditional Methods of Acute Kidney Injury prediction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jolliffe Jarrod , Sharma Varun , Thungathurthi Kaushik , Leow Kevin , Seevanayagam Siven
Published: February 2024

Objectives
Acute Kidney Injury following Cardiac Surgery (CS-AKI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. To assist early recognition, risk prediction models have been developed over the last two decades. This review evaluates the current body of evidence for non-machine learning renal risk prediction models.
Methodology
A systematic review of 4 databases was undertaken according to PRISMA guidelines. Included studies were those that had derived and validated a renal risk prediction model in cardiac surgery patients. Machine learning models were excluded. Outcomes measured were pre, intra or post-operative variable use within the models and metrics for prediction. The PROBAST was used to evaluate for risk of bias.
Results
44 studies were finally selected in a pooled population of 907,993. 24 developed renal risk prediction models whilst 31 externally validated these. When externally validated In Caucasian populations (N= 19), pre-operative prediction models offered reliable prediction for dialysis and severe AKI with area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) between 0.7-0.93. Models using intra-operative or post-operative variables (N=14) had acceptable prediction of severe stage AKI and dialysis with AUCs between 0.7-0.81. Pre-operative predictor models were the most externally validated. AKI prediction worsened with reducing severity of AKI. Validation of non-Caucasian populations was limited with 11 (25%) of studies undertaken in this group.
Conclusion
Pre-operative renal risk prediction models offer the most validated, accurate prediction for dialysis and severe CS-AKI. External validation of prediction tools for less-severe AKI and in non-Caucasian populations is required.
The COVID-19 pandemic and well-being in Switzerland - worse for young people?
Authors: Gondek D. , Vandecasteele L. , Sánchez-Mira N. , Steinmetz S. , Mehmeti T. , Voorpostel M.
Published: February 2024

Background
The key objective of our study was to describe the population-average trajectories of wellbeing, spanning the period of 2017-2022, comparing young people with other age groups. Additionally, we aimed to describe population-average trajectories of stress and psychosomatic symptoms among young people in 2017-2022 and to identify subgroups who experienced disproportionate changes in wellbeing, stress or psychosomatic symptoms.
Methods
We used longitudinal data from six waves (2017-2022) of the Swiss Household Panel (n individuals = 11,224; n observations = 49,032). We described the trajectories employing piecewise growth curve analysis.
Results
Young people (age 14-25) experienced a steady decline in positive affect and life satisfaction throughout the entire period, with the greatest change occurring before the pandemic (2017-2019). The trajectories in this outcome were largely stable in other age groups. Moreover, young individuals showed a more pronounced increase in negative affect, particularly in the pre-pandemic years, compared to older groups. Negative affect increased during the pandemic, followed by a subsequent decline post-pandemic, observed similarly across all age groups. Among young people specifically, stress followed as similar trajectory as in negative affect. However, issues such as sleep problems, weakness, weariness, and headaches continued to increase in this population from 2017 to 2022. We also found evidence for a greater increase in negative affect during the pandemic in young women and those not in employment or education.
Conclusions
Given the fact that the decline in young people's well-being in Switzerland started two years before the pandemic, our study emphasises the importance of to consideing their well-being within a broader systemic context beyond pandemic-related changes.
Circulating endocannabinoidome signatures of disease activity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Dubbioso Raffaele , Iannotti Fabio Arturo , Senerchia Gianmaria , Verde Roberta , Iuzzolino Valentina Virginia , Spisto Myriam , Fasolino Ines , Manganelli Fiore , Marzo Vincenzo Di , Piscitelli Fabiana
Published: February 2024

Objectives
Preclinical studies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have shown altered endocannabinoid (eCB) signalling that may contribute to the disease. Results from human studies are sparse and inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the association between serum levels of eCBs or their congeners, the so-called endocannabinoidome, and disease status and activity in ALS patients.
Methods
Serum concentrations of the eCBs 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA), and AEA congeners, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA), eicosapentaenoylethanolamide (EPEA), 2-docosahexaenoylglycerol (2-DHG) and docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA) were measured in samples from 65 ALS patients, 32 healthy controls (HC) and 16 neurological disease controls (NALS). A subset of 46 ALS patients underwent a longitudinal study. Disease activity and progression were correlated with eCB and congener levels.
Results
Most circulating mediators were higher in ALS than HC (all p < 0.001), but not NALS. Across clinical stages, ALS patients showed increased levels of PEA, OEA, and EPEA (all p < 0.02), which were confirmed by the longitudinal study (all p < 0.03). Serum PEA and OEA levels were independent predictors of survival and OEA levels were higher in patients complaining of appetite loss. Cluster analysis revealed two distinct profiles of circulating mediators associated with corresponding patterns of disease activity (severe vs. mild). Patients belonging to the “severe” cluster showed significantly higher levels of OEA, PEA and lower levels of 2-DHG compared to NALS and HC.
Interpretation
Circulating endocannabinoidome profiles are indicative of disease activity, thus possibly paving the way to personalised, rather than a “one-fit-all”, therapeutic approaches targeting the endocannabinoidome.
Establishing a Prognostic Model in Prostate Adenocarcinoma through Comprehensive scRNA-Seq and Bulk RNA-Seq Analysis and Validation
Authors: Hao Lin , Chen Xiangqiu , Zhou Qingchun , Wu Tao , Wen Zhiqiang , Ji Ziliang , Zheng Xichun , Zheng Qingyou , Sun Donglin
Published: February 2024

Background
The prognostic management of Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) presents a considerable challenge to healthcare professionals. However, it fails to accurately capture the fundamental cellular and molecular functions within tumor cells.
Methods
The data for PRAD scRNA-seq were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The limma program was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PRAD patients that exert an influence on overall survival (OS). For the identification of key modules associated with PRAD, Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) was employed. The intersection of core cell marker genes, PRAD key module genes, and DEGs was utilized to build a predictive model using univariate Cox and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analyses. Furthermore, we conducted experimental validation by collecting patient samples.
Results
Analysis of 162,897 scRNA-seq datasets and identified 7 central cell types. From the scRNA-seq dataset, 1805 marker genes were identified, while the bulk RNA-seq dataset yielded 1086 DEGs. Additionally, 2545 genes were linked to a key module identified through WGCNA. A predictive model was derived from the expression levels of 21 signature genes following intersection, univariate Cox, and LASSO analyses. And we confirmed the accuracy of our analysis through the patient samples we collected.
Conclusion
This study developed a unique prognosis-predictive model to predict the survival condition of individuals with PRAD through the integration of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data. The risk score emerges as a potential independent predictive indicator, demonstrating a strong relationship with the immunological microenvironment.
A Case of Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy mimicking neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Fang Yanan , Liu Gang , He Xiaomei , Zhang Yanqi , Wang Zhicheng
Published: February 2024

Background
Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which affects various regions in the CNS, presenting by variable clinical manifestations. Diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of CSF immunoglobulin-G (IgG) against GFAP. The pathogenesis of GFAP-A is poorly understood. This report has enriched the disease spectrum of GFAP-A.
Case presentation
We describe a 58-year-old woman Who suffered acute neurological symptoms, including right upper limb paresthesia and right limb weakness. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed enhancement pattern in the cerebellum, CSF was tested for GFAP IgG antibodies and serum was tested for AQP4 IgG antibodies which were positive, and GFAP-A was finally diagnosed. She responded well to high-dose glucocorticoids. Sequential treatment with oral prednisone was prescribed. The right limb numbness of the patient recovered well, the right limb weakness returned to normal. So far, after 8 months, the patient still has no recurrence.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the provision of an accurate early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy.
The Dynamics of Exchange Traded Funds: A Geometrical and Topological Approach
Authors: Carvalho Lucas Paiva , de Araújo Tanya Vianna
Published: February 2024

Using a metric related to the returns correlation, a method is applied to the reconstruction of an economic space from Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) data. In the past, the same method was used in a geometrical analysis of times series of stock returns implying that the most of the systematic information of that market is contained in a space of small dimension. Here we have worked with ten years of daily returns of 85 ETF securities and the same dimensional reduction was obtained. Having a metric defined in the space of ETF securities, a topological approach is used to define a complete network of ETFs and its corresponding Minimum Spanning Tree (MST). An outstanding separation of the two main classes of securities over the MST is uncovered. The dimensional reduction as well as the uncovered pattern in the topological structure, they both emerge from the data itself rather than from any modelling resolution.
Xylooligosaccharides production by an immobilized recombinant fungal xylanase
Authors: Fernandes Letícia Persilva , Ventorim Rafaela Zandonade , de Oliveira Micael Garcia , Almeida Lucas Filipe , Guimarães Valéria Monteze , Maitan-Alfenas Gabriela
Published: February 2024

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are potential prebiotic ingredients for food industries, mainly obtained after xylan hydrolysis by endoxylanases. Enzyme immobilization possibilities recovery and reuse, in addition to improving its physical-chemical characteristics, such as stability and catalytic efficiency. This work aimed to immobilize the SM2 xylanase derived from the XynA gene from Orpinomyces sp. PC-2 and to evaluate its potential for XOS production. For this, SM2 xylanase was immobilized using the cross-linking methodology. The free and immobilized enzymes were characterized regarding the effect of pH, temperature, and thermostability. The cross-linked enzyme aggregate was evaluated for reuse and storage conditions and used for xylooligosaccharides production. Both free and immobilized SM2 xylanase showed maximal activity at 60 ºC. The immobilized enzyme was more active at acidic and neutral conditions, and the free enzyme showed greater activity at basic conditions. The half-life of the free and immobilized xylanase was 30 h and 216 h, respectively. In reuse tests, enzymatic activity increased with each cycle, and there was no statistical difference in the activity of SM2 xylanase aggregate stored at 4 and 25 ºC. After saccharification, xylobiose (0.903 g/L), xylotriose (0.487 g/L), and xylohexose (0.809 g/L) were detected. As a result, immobilization enhanced thermostability, shifted the pH of maximum activity to 5, facilitated reuse, and eliminated the need for refrigerated packaging. Finally, the xylooligosaccharides produced by the SM2 xylanase are known for their prebiotic role, providing potential application of the immobilized enzyme in the food industry.
Biaxial stretching of single cells using a compliant micromechanism
Authors: Marwah Himanshu , Fartyal Neeraj , Bhatt Hetarth , Nautiyal Rohit , Balakrishnan Sreenath
Published: February 2024

Biological cells are exposed to a variety of mechanical stimuli from their environment. Cells convert these mechanical stimuli to specific biochemical signals through a process known as mechanotransduction, which is necessary for proper functioning of cells. Biaxial stretching is one such stimuli observed in tissues such as lung alveoli, pericardium, blood vessels and urinary bladder. To study the effect of biaxial stretching on cell function, or any other mechanotransduction process, it is essential to develop tools capable of manipulating cells in the respective deformation mode. Here, we report the design, fabrication and actuation of a compliant micromechanism for in-plane, biaxial stretching of single cells. Further, we demonstrate biaxial stretching of NIH-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) using this micromechanism. Our device is an amalgam of a gripper mechanism and an auxetic structure, which can be actuated using a mechanical probe. Cells can be stretched equibiaxially or with any non-equibiaxial stretch ratio, by altering the mechanism geometry. The device is made of SU-8 using a two-layer lithography process. Since SU-8 is transparent and biocompatible, we could attach cells to the mechanism, stretch them and continuously image during stretching. Our device could be useful for elucidating the biological response of cells to biaxial stretching and for characterising the anisotropic mechanical properties of single cells.
In-situ SEM Microrobotics for Versatile Force/Deformation Characterization: Application to Third-Body MoS2 Wear Particles
Authors: Hannouch Ralf , Reynaud Valentin , Colas Guillaume , Rauch Jean-Yves , Agnus Joel , Lehmann Olivier , Marionnet François , Clevy Cedric
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This article explores the challenges and solutions in the physical characterization of materials at the microscale using robots, with a specific focus on manipulating and characterizing micrometer-sized particles with different and complex 3D shapes and internal sub-micrometer structures. Particles considered as case-study in this paper are made of Molybdenum diSulfide (MoS2) based materials generated within the contact interface during friction. These particles are of high interest for friction reduction and energy saving, but they are dispersed randomly inside the contact and have complex sub-micrometer structures.
Methods: Characterization demands precise manipulation techniques in an in-situ Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) environment. To address these challenges, existing commercial micro and nanomanipulation tools are integrated within a vacuum SEM chamber, and robotics strategies are investigated to enable the whole process from particle preparation, and manipulation setup definition, to effective MoS2 particle characterization all in-situ SEM.
Results: A set of several complementary experimental investigations are done and involve force measurement and deformation estimation studies, leading to the first qualitative results on MoS2 based particles directly from the friction track. The work contributes to advancements in both microscale manipulation and characterization. It also has implications for lubrication research.
Adsorption behavior and antimicrobial activity of new chitosan based functionalized nanocomposites: A case study
Authors: Hamad Nora A. , Salem Fatma M. , Abdel-Rahman Adel A.-H. , Hassan Nasser A.
Published: February 2024

Two new functionalized sorbents EPC@MC and ENC@MC were synthesized by the grafting of two amino ester derivatives EPC and ENC on magnetic chitosan nanoparticles respectively. The prepared sorbents were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and SEM-EDX facilities, TEM, SEAD pattern, and TGA analysis. The sorption process was investigated for three fresh contaminated water samples; sewage wastewater, iron and steel wastewater, and tannery wastewater respectively. The obtained data illustrated that EPC@MC and ENC@MC are highly selective for some heavy metals removal from the different samples of industrial wastewater. The sorption process was performed under different pH values. To complete our case study, the antimicrobial properties of the functionalized sorbents as well as that of the corresponding amino esters were characterized by determining the inhibition zone values against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), as well as a yeast species (Candida albicans) and fungi including one filamentous fungus (Aspergillus fumigatus) and by using a well-modified diffusion method.
How a Medically Tailored Meal Intervention with Intensive Nutrition Counseling Created Active Coping with Behavior Change for Vulnerable Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Rothpletz-Puglia Pamela , Smith Jade , Pavuk Chloe , Leotta Jana , Pike Kimberli , Presley Carolyn J. , Krok-Schoen Jessica , Braun Ashlea , Cohen Mary Kathryn , Rogers Gail T , Kwan Ho Kenneth Chui , Zhang Fang Fang , Spees Colleen
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess participants’ perceptions and experiences while participating in a Food is Medicine medically tailored meal plus nutrition counseling intervention to create a theoretical explanation about how the intervention worked.
Methods
This interpretive qualitative study included the use of semi-structured interviews with active intervention participants. Purposeful sampling included vulnerable (uninsured, rural zip code residency, racial/ethnic minority, 65 years old, and/or low-income) individuals with lung cancer treated at four cancer centers across the United States. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using conventional content analysis with principles of grounded theory.
Results
Twenty individuals participated. Data analysis resulted in a theoretical explanation of the intervention’s mechanism of action. The explanatory process includes 3 linked and propositional categories leading to patient resilience: engaging in treatment, adjusting to diagnosis, and active coping. The medically tailored meals plus intensive nutrition counseling engaged participants throughout treatment, which helped participants adjust to their diagnosis, leading to active coping through intentional self-care, behavior change, and improved quality of life.
Conclusions
These findings provide evidence that a food is medicine intervention may buffer some of the adversity related to the diagnosis of lung cancer and create a pathway for participants to experience post-traumatic growth, develop resilience, and change behaviors to actively cope with lung cancer. Medically tailored meals plus intensive nutrition counseling informed by motivational interviewing supported individuals’ adjustment to their diagnosis and resulted in perceived positive behavior change.
Early experience of uniportal robotic assisted anatomic resection in lung cancer patients: Is it safe and feasible direct transition from uniportal video thoracoscopic assisted surgery to uniportal robotic assisted surgery?
Authors: Wu Ching Feng , Hsieh Ming Ju , Gonzalez-Rivas Diego , Yang Tzu Yi , Lin Yi Yu , Wu Ching Yang
Published: February 2024

Background
To share our experience and short outcome of uniportal robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (U-RATS) hybrid method in lung cancer patients
Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted to compare the feasibility of U-RATS in lung cancer patients. From August 2023 to December 2023, 15 patients with 16 lung cancers were enrolled in this study. The perioperative and 30-day short term outcomeresults were collected.
Results:
Perioperative outcomes were gathered in this study, including the length of hospital stay and the rate of post-operative (post-op) complications. The mean docking time of URATS was , mean intraoperative blood loss was mL, mean post-op hospital stay was 3.05 days, and the thoracic drainage of the first day after surgery were 230.9 vs. 207.1 mL. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scales after surgery and on the discharge day were 2.4 ±0.6 and 1.6±1.3. No perioperative and 30-day mortality occurred in our retrospective study. There was no conversion case to multiport robotic assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) or thoracotomy in our series.
Conclusion:
U-RATS is a feasible treatment option for lung cancer patients as long as Console surgeon and cart surgeon with excellent communication skills and extensive training experience in uniport video -assisted thoracoscopic surgery (U-VATS) and comprehensive RATS training.
Improving accuracy and reliability of an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy aptamer-based biosensor
Authors: de Amorim Renê Santos , Serrano Pablo A. , Nunes Gisele E. , Bechtold Ivan H.
Published: February 2024

Impedance-based biosensors are effective tools for rapid and specific detection. However, they often rely solely on charge transfer resistance as an indicator of surface structural changes upon analyte binding and other valuable data are constantly ignored. In this work we explore different data obtained for a biosensor designed for water toxin (Saxitoxin) detection using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We established a safe potential range for ensuring sensor stability using cyclic voltammetry and determined the potential where the constant phase element values were more pronounced. The data showed that capacitance values could not reliably evaluate the system due to their high deviations. The impedance modulus (Z) revealed the highest number of acceptable frequencies and the values of the imaginary impedance (-Z") exhibited signal differences exceeding 30%, indicating their potential for signal enhancement during saxitoxin detection. The relative standard deviation can be reduced by increasing the concentration of the redox probe. The obtained results highlight the importance of carefully selecting parameters for characterizing the electrochemical behavior of the system to identify the most reliable and informative parameters for detection. This research contributes to broader electrochemistry sensing applications, opening new horizons for improving the accuracy and reliability of electrochemical analysis.
Analysis of water losses in seven small and medium-sized water distribution networks in the south region of Cameroon (Central Africa)
Authors: Mvongo Victor Dang , Defo Celestin , Nguema Paul Fabrice , Efon Boniface , Mbeyi Jeanne Gabriella Ondigui
Published: February 2024

This paper analyzes and evaluates water losses in seven small and medium-sized water supply networks in the south region of Cameroon in order to contribute to improving the most effective approaches to reducing water losses in Sub-Saharan Africa's water supply networks. Water losses were analyzed using a variety of indices as well as indices recommended by the International Water Association. The results lead to the conclusion that all the water supply networks achieved mixed results compared to national data and very weak results compared to international standards. The failure intensity index didn’t perform well for all the analyzed water supply networks, leading to the conclusion that the water supply networks studied are not technically in good condition. The percentage water loss indices for all the water supply networks range from 6.06–87.25%. Only the Ambam water supply network performed well in terms of unit water loss. The non-revenue water basic index values in all the studied water supply networks range from 18.37–92.21%. The real leakage balance index in all the studied water supply networks ranges from 27.31 to 2,916.30 dm3/connection/day. Results also suggest that the infrastructure leakage index ranged from 0.02 to 122.65 and that there is a need for improvement to enhance profitability with better network pressure management, active leakage control, and network maintenance. This assessment, however, offers only a current snapshot of the status of water loss in the water supply networks analyzed and should be repeated at regular intervals to follow changes in general and local conditions.
A mixed methods UTAUT2-based approach to understanding unified payments interface adoption among low-income users
Authors: Joshi Rohit
Published: February 2024

The Unified Payments Interface (UPI) represents a revolutionary advancement in mobile payment systems and has been primarily embraced by the middle and high-income segments of the Indian population. Its uptake among the low-income or those at the bottom-of-the-pyramid (BOP), characterized by individuals with an annual income less than USD 3,175, remains notably low, necessitating prompt investigation. This study endeavors to explore and validate contextual determinants influencing the development of behavioral intention to use UPI among BOP users. Under the mixed method approach, 26 interviews with active UPI users were conducted in the first phase. The collected data were subjected to deductive thematic analysis and the resulting factors were fused with the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model to adapt it to the BOP requirements. In the second phase, responses from 423 potential UPI users were collected and scrutinized using structural equation modelling. The data analysis unveiled that the path coefficients for social influence (0.527), performance expectancy (0.242), perceived security risk (–0.166), knowledge (0.138), price value (0.123), facilitating conditions (0.119), and social benefits (0.096) were statistically significant in impacting user intentions. The model fit measures of the structural model fell within an acceptable range, and collectively, these factors elucidated 52% of the variance in behavioral intentions. It is recommended that marketers should leverage the interconnected nature of BOP communities to enhance awareness on functionality, subjective utility, social benefits, word-of-mouth, and security issues. This strategy aims to overcome barriers and boost UPI adoption among the BOP.
Determinants affecting trust, satisfaction, and loyalty: A case study of low-cost airlines in Indonesia
Authors: Daulay Raihanah , Hafni Roswita , Mirsya Affandy Nasution Satria , Jufrizen  , Irfan Nasution Muhammad
Published: February 2024

A low-cost carrier is an airline that offers lower rates but at a lesser cost, sacrificing some convenience. This study aims to determine the effect of service quality and brand image on trust, satisfaction, and passenger loyalty to low-cost airlines in Indonesia. Primary data were collected through Google Forms and submitted via WhatsApp with the criteria of having previously used the services of Indonesian low-cost airlines. Of the 300 respondents who received the questionnaire, only 242 filled it out accurately. The data were analyzed with the help of the SmartPLS program and structural equation modeling. The findings show that service quality and brand image positively and significantly affect passenger trust, satisfaction, and loyalty (p < 0.05). Trust positively and significantly affects satisfaction (p < 0.05). Trust and satisfaction positively and significantly affect loyalty (p < 0.05). Service quality and brand image affect satisfaction through trust (p < 0.05). Service quality and brand image affect loyalty through satisfaction (p < 0.05), and trust affects loyalty through satisfaction (p < 0.05).
AcknowledgmentsThe research funding for this study was provided by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia under the Basic Research for Higher Education Excellence (PDUPT) category in 2022. Additionally, gratitude is extended to the various levels of leadership at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, including the leadership of the Faculty of Economics and Business and the personnel of the Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.
A Neural Network Approach to Predict Oil Volume Production Considering Porous Media Images
Authors: Calderano Pedro , Ayala Helon , Carvalho Márcio
Published: February 2024

Two-phase flow through porous media is a complex problem since changes in the porous media geometry can cause a significant impact on the fluid flow. The geometry change affects the system permeability of each phase, which is the coefficient linking the flow rate response to an imposed pressure differential. The phase permeability is also a function of the system saturation (ratio between the phases). This flow is costly to predict through direct simulation methods. Moreover, it is tricky to compute the two-phase flow behavior by simpler methods due to the high variability associated with geometry and fluid properties. In this work, we take 2D porous media images as input. We consider the porous media to be initially fully saturated with oil. Water is injected on a porous media side to displace the oil to the opposite extreme. We assembled a neural network system using the DeepONet concept to predict the volume of oil produced over time. The networks demonstrate to calculate the total oil produced presenting a small relative error.
The Use of Elements of Fairy Tale Therapy and Health-Saving Technologies in Speech Therapy Classes
Authors: Stepanenko Alina Andreevna
Published: February 2024

The article describes the principle of fairy tale therapy in speech therapy classes. The author provide examples of exercises.
The Ethnic Composition of the Population of the Arctic Zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and it’s Natural Habitat
Authors: Bragina Dariia Grigorevna
Published: February 2024

Currently, the Arctic, as it is known, is of strategic importance for Russia, therefore, in this regard, the problems of sustainable development of ethnic groups inhabiting the Arctic zone are also being actualized. In this regard, scientific research of various spheres of life in the Arctic zone of Russia, including Yakutia, is becoming important. Great attention is paid to the problems of the Arctic zone: environmental protection, socio-economic development of the region, creation of favorable living conditions for the population, etc. In this regard, the Russian government has approved the Concept of the Russian Federation's Chairmanship in the Arctic Council, as well as an action plan, during which various issues will be discussed, including strengthening trade ties between states, melting permafrost, global warming, combating environmental pollution, and human capital development. This article is devoted to the territorial development and numerical ratio of ethnic groups living in the Arctic.
Clases medias, mestizos y migrantes: estrategias de elección de residencia en asociados de clubes departamentales durante las décadas de 1970-1980 en Lima
Authors: Gago Hidalgo Danilo
Published: February 2024

Este artículo explora dos grandes asuntos en Lima: las clases sociales y los vecindarios de clases medias. En un contexto de imprevisibilidad urbana, aborda las estrategias de elección de residencia realizadas por ancashinos, puneños y huancaínos durante las décadas de 1970 y 1980 en Lima. Haciendo una revisión de los criterios de elección de residencia, como las condiciones materiales del vecindario, la ubicación en el entramado urbano y las características de las familias residentes, se identificó que la «clase social», el «grupo étnico» y la «procedencia social» fueron categorías fundamentales para inclinar la balanza de uno u otro lado al elegir vecindario. Las estrategias de elección de residencia permitieron ahondar en la homogeneidad del área central de la ciudad, así como explorar las diferencias en el interior de las clases medias.
Predictores individuales para la detección y difusión de desinformación sobre COVID-19 a través de WhatsApp
Authors: Brenes Peralta Carlos , Pérez Sánchez Rolando , Siles Ignacio
Published: February 2024

Este estudio examina predictores cognitivos, ideológicos y sociodemográficos de la detección e intención de compartir desinformación sobre el COVID-19 vía WhatsApp. Mediante una encuesta en línea, una muestra convencional de 553 adultos costarricenses fue expuestos a contenidos desinformativos sobre vacunas y la respuesta estatal a la pandemia. Los resultados muestran que las personas que apoyan ideologías autoritarias, conservadora y pro-Estado, y personas con bajo pensamiento reflexivo, fueron más proclives a aceptar y compartir desinformación. Además, entre personas con bajo pensamiento reflexivo, aquellas con mayor edad mostraron una mayor detección de desinformación. Finalmente, las personas muy religiosas y conservadores jóvenes con menor nivel educativo, mostraron mayor intención de compartir desinformación.
Faith as the Foundation of the Renewal of the Consecrated Persons’ Life in the Light of the Thought of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI
Authors: Pagacz Małgorzata
Published: February 2024

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie wiary w życiu osób konsekrowanych. Jego celem jest stwierdzenie, w jakim sensie – w świetle myśli Josepha Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI – wiara jest podstawą odnowy życia osób poświęconych na własność Bogu. Artykuł wskazuje, że ich zadanie to umacnianie wiary, oraz wyjaśnia, jakie konsekwencje niesie ze sobą to posłannictwo. Benedykt XVI podkreśla, że życie konsekrowane nie rozmija się ze swoją istotą jedynie wtedy, gdy jest przeżywane w wierze. Oczekuje od osób całkowicie oddanych Bogu, by żyły głęboką wiarą, intensywną i żywą więzią osobową z Chrystusem, w dynamice ciągłego poszukiwania Oblicza Pana, a od konkretnej realizacji tych postaw uzależniona jest odnowa ich życia. Analiza papieskiej myśli pozwala wyciągnąć ważne wnioski wyznaczające kierunek wyjścia z kryzysowej sytuacji, w której współcześnie znajduje się życie konsekrowane.
Czy piękno może być źródłem katechezy? Wskazania nowego Dyrektorium o katechizacji
Authors: Panuś Tadeusz
Published: February 2024

Współczesny Kościół dostrzega konieczność wzbogacenia przekazu wiary o drogę piękna (via pulchritudinis). Postuluje to nowe Dyrektorium o katechizacji z 2020 roku. Przedstawiając źródła katechezy, wskazuje, iż są nimi nie tylko słowo Boże w Piśmie Świętym i w świętej Tradycji, Magisterium Kościoła, liturgia, świadectwo świętych i męczenników, teologia i kultura chrześcijańska, ale także piękno. Temu ostatniemu poświęca cztery akapity (nr 106–109). Artykuł dokonuje szczegółowej analizy tego tekstu. Odpowiada na pytanie, kto jest źródłem piękna. Ukazuje trzy transcendentalia: prawdę (verum), dobro (bonum) i piękno (pulchrum), które muszą rozbłysnąć, aby przepowiadanie Zmartwychwstałego mogło dotrzeć do głębi ludzkiego serca. W końcu stawia tezę o konieczności wprowadzenia współczesnej katechizacji na drogę piękna. Podkreślenie piękna jako źródła katechezy jest ważnym elementem refleksji podjętej w nowym Dyrektorium. Wiara rodzi się bowiem nie tylko ex auditu, ale także ex visu. Stąd też droga piękna jest bardzo pomocna we współczesnej formacji katechetycznej głęboko osadzonej w kulturze medialnej i cyfrowej.
Therapeutic Effect of Resveratrol and its Novel Formulations on
Lung Cancer: Focus on Biological Aspects and Underlying Pathways
Authors: Poortalebi Hamidreza , ZareDini Mahta , Foroughi-Nematollahi Sima , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samarghandian Saeed , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein
Published: February 2024

Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Due to
significant advances in therapeutic strategies, patients' survival and life quality have
been improved, however there is still an urgent requirement for developing more effective
therapeutic methods. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol with numerous biological potentials,
has been widely studied. It has shown therapeutic potetial in various diseases including
neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and cancers through the
regulation of key cellular signaling such as apoptosis, as well as molecular pathways
such as microRNA modulation. It has been reported that resveratrol acts as an anticancer
agent against lung cancer in vivo and in vitro. Resveratrol could combat against
lung cancer by modulating various molecular targets and signaling pathways involved in
oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autoghagy and also microRNAs expression.
Moreover, novel delivery systems and analogs have recently been introduced to
promote the anticancer impacts of resveratrol. In this article, we review current evidence
on the anticancer effects of resveratrol and its novel formulations in the treatment of
lung cancer with a focus on underlying mechanisms.
N-Acylhydrazone Pharmacophore's Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Profile:
Recent Advancements during the Past Ten Years
Authors: Kassab Asmaa E.
Published: February 2024

Due to its important biological and pharmacological properties, in the field of medicinal chemistry
and drug discovery, the N-acylhydrazone motif has shown to be extremely adaptable and promising. This scaffold
has become a crucial component in the synthesis of numerous bioactive agents. N-Acylhydrazones are also
interesting biological and synthetic tools due to their easy and straightforward synthesis. The current review
provides a summary of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of N-acylhydrazone derivatives over the
past ten years. A brief discussion of structure-activity relationships is also provided which may guide researchers
in medicinal chemistry to develop derivatives based on N-acylhydrazone scaffold as potent anti-inflammatory
candidates.
Green Methodologies for Tetrazole Synthesis from Different Starting Materials: A
Recent Update
Authors: Jaiswal Shivangi , Dwivedi Jaya , Kishore Dharma , Sharma Swapnil
Published: February 2024

Tetrazole is a most versatile pharmacophore of which more than twenty FDAapproved
drugs have been marketed globally for the management of various diseases. In
spite of many remarkable and consistent efforts having been made by the chemists towards
the development of greener and sustainable strategies for the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives,
this approach still needs more attention. The present review focuses on the green synthetic
approach for the preparation of tetrazole derivatives from different starting materials
such as nitrile, isonitrile, carbonyl, amine, amide, oxime and terminal alkyne functions. The
mechanism of tetrazole synthesis from different substrates is discussed. In addition to this, a
four component Ugi-azide reaction to the tetrazole synthesis is also described. Of note, the
present articles exploited several water-mediated and solvent-free methodologies for tetrazole
synthesis. The important key features of tetrazole synthesis were pinpointing in each synthetic scheme
which provides excellent guide to those searching for selective procedure to achieve the desired transformation.
This review seeks to present a timely account (2011-2023) on the splendid array of ecofriendly procedures of
synthesis known today for the preparation of tetrazole derivatives from different starting materials. The rational
of this review is to enlighten recent advancements in the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives from different substrates.
Metal-Free Selective para-Tosyloxylation of N-Arylbenzamides using [Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene
Authors: Rani Neha , Aneja Deepak Kumar , Kinger Mayank , Soni Rinku , Sihag Monika , Malik Sandeep
Published: February 2024

An efficient approach for the tosyloxyl group transfer in several N-arylbenzamides has been
achieved using HTIB (Koser’s reagent) under mild reaction conditions. Its simplicity, efficiency, and
reduced reliance on hazardous reagents make it an attractive choice for chemists seeking sustainable
alternatives. The proposed methodology offered single-step para-selective tosyloxylation, ensuring the
prevention of the synthesis of mixtures of ortho and meta-isomers. The corresponding products were
obtained with moderate to excellent efficiency. The current approach eliminated the need for harsh,
acidic, and toxic metals, ensuring safer handling and minimizing environmental impact. A plausible
mechanism for tosyloxylation of N-arylbenzamides involving iodonium ylide has been proposed.
Clinical Analysis of Resemblance and Dissimilarities of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Therapeutic Approach Towards the Management of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sashi  , Rani Kajal , Rani Komal , Ankita  , Mittal Vineet , Kaushik Deepak , Dhall Manish , Bamrah Prabhjeet Kaur , Kumar Tarun , Pandey Manisha , Jain Neha , Arya Ashwani
Published: February 2024

One of the classes of injective antidiabetic agents includes Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
agonists (GLP-1RA) which ameliorate glycemia and numerous atherosclerosis-related factors in
individuals prone to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) disorder.

Methods:

The review paper targeted the role of GLP-1RA in managing DM. The literature published
during the last decades in several data-based searches (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect) was reviewed
and compiled the therapeutic uses of GLP-1 RA in the management of DM. In this review,
we have discussed GLP-1RA and its role in the management of diabetes mellitus.

Results and Discussion:

Disrupted homeostasis marks insulin resistance and β-cell deterioration as
two major indications of T2-DM. β-cells failure (~80% of functioning of β-cell) and insulin resistance
in the liver and muscles are primarily susceptive to physiological defects. GLP-1RAs if administered
for a prolonged period also cause a loss in weight through the activation of receptors of GLP-1 found
in hypothalamic satiety centers which control appetite and decrease intake of calories. They not only
assist in controlling blood glucose but also improve β- cell function and post–diabetic conditions
namely hyperlipidemia, obesity, and hypertension.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that GLP-1RA has a new therapeutic approach to the management of
DM. Hence, GLP-1RA provides distinctive and innovative evolution for the treatment of T2-DM.
Role of Chronotherapy in the Management of Hypertension: An Overview
Authors: Raj Ritik , Mazumder Rupa , Mishra Rakhi , Mishra Rashmi , Singh Baghel Dileep
Published: February 2024

:

The rise in age-adjusted mortality rates from hypertension and hypertensive diseases over
the last several years suggests that hypertension is one of the main risk factors for heart disease. As a
result, managing hypertension, both via preventive and therapeutic medicine, involves a heavy socioeconomic
burden. This review paper's objective is to summarize information on chronotherapy techniques,
which can make it possible for an active component to be distributed predictably and at a pace
that may also minimize the patient’s illness symptoms. To incorporate published research and review
papers, a comprehensive review of the literature from many sources during the past 25 years was
conducted. This paper summarizes the principle and method of the chronotherapy technique. The
review also throws light on different approaches that could be used to meet the need for medication
for the hypertensive patient according to the circadian cycle. From the study, it was concluded that
different formulation approaches are there that can work according to the principle of chronotherapy
with improvement in drug bioavailability and patient compliance. To encourage future researchers to
include chronotherapy in the creation of additional formulations, this review study intends to shed
light on various benefits and methods of chronotherapy.
Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning
and Cellular Assays for Promising Results
Authors: Baysal Ömür , Genç Deniz , Silme Ragıp Soner , Kırboğa Kevser Kübra , Çoban Dilek , Ghafoor Naeem Abdul , Tekin Leyla , Bulut Osman
Published: February 2024

Background:

Breast cancer is a common cancer with high mortality rates. Early diagnosis is crucial
for reducing the prognosis and mortality rates. Therefore, the development of alternative treatment options is
necessary.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (D-GlcNAc) on breast
cancer using a machine learning method. The findings were further confirmed through assays on breast cancer
cell lines.

Methods:

MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines (ATCC) were cultured in the presence and absence of varying concentrations
of D-GlcNAc (0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, and 4 mM) for 72 hours. A xenograft mouse model for breast cancer was
established by injecting 4T1 cells into mammary glands. D-GlcNAc (2 mM) was administered intraperitoneally to
mice daily for 28 days, and histopathological effects were evaluated at pre-tumoral and post-tumoral stages.

Results:

Treatment with 2 mM and 4 mM D-GlcNAc significantly decreased cell proliferation rates in MCF-7
and 4T1 cell lines and increased Fas expression. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher than
untreated cell cultures (p < 0.01 - p < 0.0001). D-GlcNAc administration also considerably reduced tumour size,
mitosis, and angiogenesis in the post-treatment group compared to the control breast cancer group (p < 0.01 - p <
0.0001). Additionally, molecular docking/dynamic analysis revealed a high binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to the
marker protein HER2, which is involved in tumour progression and cell signalling.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated the positive effect of D-GlcNAc administration on breast cancer cells,
leading to increased apoptosis and Fas expression in the malignant phenotype. The binding affinity of D-GlcNAc
to HER2 suggests a potential mechanism of action. These findings contribute to understanding D-GlcNAc as a
potential anti-tumour agent for breast cancer treatment.
Synthesis of a Novel Gold(I) Complex and Evaluation of Its Anticancer Properties in
Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Khan Haseeb Ahmad , Isab Anvarhusein Abdulkadir , Alhomida Abdullah Saleh , Gatasheh Mansour Khalil , Alhoshani Ali Rashid , Aldhafeeri Bashayr Ahmed , Prasad N Rajendra
Published: February 2024

Background:

Platinum complexes are commonly used for cancer chemotherapy; however, they are not
only highly-priced but also have various side effects. It is, therefore, important to design affordable anticancer
drugs with minimal side effects.

Methods:

We synthesized a new gold(I) complex, PF6{(BDPEA)(TPPMS) digold(I)} (abbreviated as PBTDG)
and tested its cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We also evaluated the effects of PBTDG on mitochondrial
membrane potential, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

Results:

The IC50 values for PBTDG and sorafenib were found to be 1.48 μM and 4.45 μM, respectively. Exposure
to PBTDG caused significant and concentration-dependent depletion of ATP and disruption of mitochondrial
membrane potential. PBTDG induced 2.6, 3.6, and 5.7-fold apoptosis for 1 μM, 3 μM, and 10 μM concentrations,
respectively. The induction of apoptosis by the same concentrations of sorafenib was 1.2, 1.3, and 1.6-fold, respectively.
The low concentration of PBTDG (1 μM) induced the generation of ROS by 99.83%, which was
significantly higher than the ROS generation caused by the same concentration of sorafenib (73.76%). The ROS
induction caused by higher concentrations (5 μM) of PBTDG and sorafenib were 104.95% and 122.11%, respectively.

Conclusion:

The lower concentration of PBTDG produced similar cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects that were
caused by a comparatively higher concentration of known anticancer drug (sorafenib). The anticancer effects of
PBTDG are attributed to its tendency to disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential, induction of apoptosis and
generation of ROS. Further studies are warranted to test the anticancer effects of PBTDG in animal models of
cancer.