bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Od repetitio do poiesis. Afazja i awangarda w twórczości słowno-wizualnej Karoliny Wiktor
Authors: Muca Klaudia
Published: July 2024

W artykule zaprezentowano analizę twórczości słowno-wizualnej Karoliny Wiktor w kontekście wybranych dwudziestowiecznych awangardowych eksperymentów z językiem, w tym z czcionką. Poprzez odwołanie do twórczości Tytusa Czyżewskiego, oparte na treściowym cytacie, artystka dokonuje powtórzenia aktu twórczego oraz nawiązuje do praktyk awangardowej gry z materią języka, uzupełnia jednocześnie tekst utworów Czyżewskiego o nowe elementy wizualne. Praktyka eksperymentu ze słowem i z obrazem pozwala artystce opowiedzieć o przeżywanym doświadczeniu afazji, powodującym ograniczenia twórczej sprawności i sprawczości. Afazja jest w analizowanej twórczości ważnym kontekstem, warunkuje możliwości twórcze, wpływa na tempo pracy i determinuje kierunek intertekstualnej gry. W artykule prześledzony został także proces odchodzenia od strategii powtórzenia na rzecz strategii pojetycznej, której przykładem jest brakująca czcionka. Projekt tego kroju czcionki porównany został do awangardowego alfabetu Władysława Strzemińskiego, co pozwoliło opisać zastosowane przez artystów zabiegi formalne oraz funkcje stworzonych czcionek.
Solarysze
Authors: Mokry Marcin
Published: July 2024

Z hasłem numeru – Literatura jak się patrzy! – w bezpośredniej łączności pozostają teksty literackie, które publikujemy w dziale Prezentacje. Solarysze to zestaw nowych wierszy Marcina Mokrego, autora tomów czytanie. Pisma, Świergot oraz żywe linie nowe usta. W eksperymentalnych formach poezji Mokrego słowo i obraz zawierają nieoczekiwane sojusze. Tekstom towarzyszą „maszynowe” realizacje poezji konkretnej.
REMINISCENCES OF PROFANUM AND SACRUM IN THE POETICS OF SERHII ZHADAN
Authors: Павлов Володимир О.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the transformation of sacred and profane motifs in Serhii Zhadan’s creative work. In particular, a comparative analysis of early poems and modern poetry was carried out. The key sacred and profane images are revealed, which acquire a new meaning in the author’s authentic reading. Philosophical and intimate lyrics resonate with the Bible and profane space as a canvas of being. Serhii Zhadan’s early poems are full of hope and love and retain a fractal structure. The poet's modern poems illustrate the artist’s maturity and poise. On the other hand, modern Zhadan becomes more straightforward and uncompromising. Sacrum and profanum are not always opposite, but always complementary concepts in Serhii Zhadan’s work. Today, Serhii Zhadan addresses not only his contemporaries, but also the dead and the unborn, as Taras Shevchenko once did. The figure of Serhii Zhadan should be considered comprehensively through the prism of his activities. After all, volunteering and participation in a large number of public initiatives with the aim of enlightenment, the revival of the Ukrainian nation not only affects the artist's creativity, but also brings him to the forefront of the cultural and military front.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Materials Science
Authors: Stuckner Joshua , Taheri-Mousavi S. Mohadeseh , Saal James E.
Published: July 2024

This article provides a brief overview of the many ways that artificial intelligence and machine learning are being used for materials and manufacturing research. Several case studies show how the discovery, development, and deployment of novel materials are being dramatically accelerated through automation and data-driven models.
Língua e relações de poder: a polêmica relativamente arbitrária da linguagem não-binária
Authors: Paiva Rodrigo Sérgio Ferreira de , Sobral Priscylla Helena Alencar Falcão , Moraes Antonio Henrique Coutelo de
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo propõe a reflexão acerca da língua portuguesa e as concernentes relações de poder que a constituem, tomando como objeto de ponderação a linguagem não-binária e seus pontos de convergência possíveis com o texto A língua – instruindo novos mundos/novas palavras, publicado na obra Ensinando a transgredir: a educação como prática da liberdade, de Hooks (2013). Para tanto, costura-se um diálogo com outros autores que se dedicam ao tema, com a intenção de contribuir para os movimentos teóricos de ruptura com a maculada compreensão única da língua – a hegemônica – e reforçar a necessidade de mudarmos nosso modo de pensar no que compete à maneira como manipulamos certos léxicos no lócus social. Baseiam-se argumentos no conceito epistemológico de Foucault (1979), atinente às noções de poder, partidas do “apagamento” da multiformidade humana congênita de convicções conservadoras, perpetuantes em atos imanentes ao pensamento colonial. Soma-se às contribuições de Kilomba (2019), que ressignificam a forma sistemática como enxergamos a discursivização e seu peso semiótico, na efígie de vanguardas menosprezadas por instituições que são, por conjectura, majoritárias. Com o propósito de agregar aos estudos linguísticos, o artigo se dispõe a aferir a valia da chamada linguagem não-binária na lei brasileira e suas reverberações no ambiente escolar, assentada nas mobilizações de validação e paralisação de políticas públicas destinadas ao seu controle. Por fim, fala-se da parcialidade midiática, proposital ou contingente, correlata à “ideologia de gênero” e seu impacto na evolução de acordos societários pertinentes para o pluriculturalismo.
Memória, identidade e aprendizagem de leitura: narrativas sobre a trajetória de constituição do sujeito leitor surdo
Authors: Loyola Franco Thiago , Maciel de Araújo Ribeiro Maria Clara
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tematiza a constituição do sujeito leitor surdo, membro de uma comunidade linguística historicamente posta à margem do sistema letrado, norteando-se pelas noções de memória, identidade e aprendizagem de leitura. Objetiva-se, nesta investigação, compreender, a partir de relatos de três surdos experientes em leitura, a trajetória de aprendizagem da leitura e quais acontecimentos deixaram marcas na memória dos sujeitos em sua constituição como leitor. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa narrativa de abordagem qualitativa, em uma perspectiva interpretativa, classifica-se como um estudo bibliográfico e de campo. Com os participantes da pesquisa – três sujeitos surdos pré-linguais que possuem a titulação de doutores –, realizamos entrevistas narrativas (Jovchelovitch; Bauer, 2002, pp. 90-113) em Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais) por vídeo que, posteriormente, foram traduzidas para o português escrito para análise. Os resultados indicam, nas narrativas, dois pontos relativos a memória, afirmação identitária, uso da Libras e subjetividade: i) práticas de aprendizagem de leitura desenvolvidas dentro e fora da escola e ii) acontecimentos epifânicos, que fizeram com que os entrevistados despertassem o interesse pela aprendizagem de leitura. A constituição do sujeito leitor, com base nas narrativas, portanto, acontece encarnada nas histórias dos indivíduos que narram, abarcando questões cognitivas, culturais e sociais.
Considerações sobre a diversidade linguística da Libras: uma língua minoritária
Authors: De Castro Júnior Gláucio , Da S. Amorim Mendes Francisco Gildete , Prometi Daniela
Published: July 2024

A Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) apresenta uma rica diversidade linguística, refletindo variações regionais, sociais e culturais dentro da Comunidade Surda brasileira. Essa diversidade é observada nas diferenças de sinais, gestos e expressões faciais utilizados em diferentes regiões do país, assim como nas influências sociais e culturais que moldam a linguagem. Essa diversidade linguística é uma característica das línguas minoritárias, ressaltando a importância de reconhecer, valorizar e promover a inclusão da Libras como uma língua independente e completa. A compreensão da diversidade linguística da Libras contribui para uma comunicação mais efetiva e respeitosa com a Comunidade Surda, promovendo uma sociedade mais inclusiva e valorizando a riqueza da diversidade linguística.
Qual(is) língua(s) você fala? Investigando crenças e atitudes linguísticas entre os Palikur-Arukwayene
Authors: Barros Elissandra , Batista Lenise Felício
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as crenças e atitudes linguísticas da comunidade Palikur-Arukwayene em relação às línguas presentes em seu contexto– parikwaki, português, kheuol e francês –, considerando dinâmicas de poder, influências linguísticas e processos de estigmatização ou valorização linguística (Frosi, 2010; Faggion, 2010). O estudo está inserido no campo teórico da Sociolinguística e trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, de abordagem mista, combinando elementos qualitativos e quantitativos. A investigação foi conduzida na Aldeia Kumenê, Terra Indígena Uaçá, Oiapoque, e visou compreender como os participantes avaliam e conferem valor às modalidades orais e escritas das línguas parikwaki, português, kheuol e francês, considerando contextos de uso e funções comunicativas. A análise das atitudes linguísticas dos sujeitos nos permitiu mapear relações de prestígio e desprestígio linguístico na comunidade, enquanto a compreensão do valor atribuído às modalidades orais e escritas nos possibilitou investigar padrões de uso em diferentes situações comunicativas. A pesquisa foi realizada através de questionários, aplicados a alunos, professores e membros da comunidade do Kumenê. Os resultados revelaram a influência do contexto social e educacional na (des)valorização das línguas sob análise, ressaltando a importância de políticas linguísticas que promovam a preservação e o desenvolvimento das línguas locais em ambientes educacionais e sociais diversos.
Fauna sinantrópica e silvestre no ciclo da leptospirose e impactos legais e forenses na “Saúde Única”
Authors: Amaral Jackson Barros do , Nogueira Vinícius José Moreira , Dallari Júnior José Alfredo , Garcia-Oliveros Laura Nataly
Published: July 2024

The term “synanthropic” qualifies animals that have adapted to living alongside humans, often involuntarily. Synanthropy is characterized by the potential transmission of diseases to humans. The One Health approach increasingly emphasizes the importance of veterinary medicine in animal and environmental healthcare, with a focus on human health. This review aims to identify, understand and discuss the impacts of synanthropic and wild fauna on animal, public and environmental health, as well as legal and forensic aspects within the framework of One Health. The challenges encompassing One Health challenge both veterinary medicine and the law. Veterinary expertise is a resource that can assist in legal matters relating to the environmental management of synanthropic and wild fauna. Humans exposed to synanthropic and wild animals are considered a risk factor for disease transmission. The presence of rodents in urban and rural areas generates economic and health problems as they transmit diseases directly or indirectly. The rodents involved in the transmission of leptospirosis are Rattus rattus, Rattus norvergicus and Mus musculus. Leptospirosis is a neglected disease transmitted both by rodents and wild animals. The understanding of this issue must communicate actions to public authorities to develop health and environmental education policies regarding this fauna in order to reduce, control or eliminate the risks of disease transmission. This review bases its information on the Pubmed platform, Google Scholar, articles and textbooks. Despite existing legislation, leptospirosis is still considered a neglected disease, and synanthropic and wild fauna represent a significant challenge to the One Health concept due to the lack of basic sanitation and poor urban infrastructure that facilitates the presence of this fauna, which cause health and economic problems for the population.
APPLICATION OF ETIOLATION OF GRAPE EXPLANTS IN VITRO CULTURE
Authors: Zelenyanska N. М. , Gogulinska О. I. , Artiukh М. М. , Borun V. V.
Published: July 2024

Micropropagation of grapes is used to obtain original and certified planting material for planting mother plants. The decrease in the efficiency of microclonal reproduction is associated with difficulties at the stages of introducing explants into in vitro culture and rooting. The method of etiolation is simple to use and allows you to prevent phenolic oxidation of explants, has a positive effect on increasing the length of shoots and the number of roots. The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of etiolation at the stages of introducing explants and rooting microcuttings in in vitro culture. The work was carried out in the laboratory of in vitro grape culture of the department of grape nursery, propagation and biotechnology of the National Scientific Centre «V.Ye. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking» NAAS of Ukraine according to the generally accepted method on table, technical and grafted varieties of grapes. Etiolation was applied in two stages: introduction of initial grape explants into in vitro culture (for 7, 15, and 25 days) and rooting of grape microcuttings (for 7 and 15 days). The survival and proliferation of explants, the main biometric indicators of growth and development of microclones were determined. It was established that at the stage of introduction of initial explants of grapes into in vitro culture, the use of etiolation for 15 days, and at the stage of micropropagation - for 7 days, had a positive effect on rooting, proliferation of axillary buds and further development of explants and microcuttings. The height of the stem of the experimental microclones was 0.6-2.6 cm higher, and the number of leaves was 0.4-0.9 more than that of the control plants. Also, etiolation had a positive effect on the increase in the length and biomass of roots in microcuttings. In the future, it is planned to analyze changes in the in vitro reproduction coefficient of various grape varieties under the influence of etiolation.
PRODUCTIVITY OF TURKEYS AT DIFFERENT RATIOS OF LYSINE AND METHIONINE IN COMPOUND FEED
Authors: Tymoshchuk O.I. , Gryshchenko S.M.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the effect of using complete ration compound feed with different ratios of lysine and methionine on the productivity of turkeys. Experimental studies were performed on turkeys of the BIG 6 cross-breeding meat direction. Five experimental groups of birds were formed by the method of analog groups at the age of one day. The experiment lasted 126 days and was divided into two periods: comparative (7 days) and main (119 days). During the comparative period, the experimental turkeys consumed feed of the control group. In the main period of the experiment, the proportion of methionine relative to lysine decreased or increased by 5 or 10% according to growing periods.

It was established that the different ratio of lysine and methionine in compound feed for turkeys affects its productivity in different ways. In particular, at the end of the experiment, at the age of 126 days, the highest live weight was achieved by turkeys that consumed compound feed with an increase in the proportion of methionine relative to lysine by 5 and 10% - they outnumbered the counterparts of the control group, respectively, by 5.9 (p<0.05) and 3.6%. Poultry that received compound feed with a reduced proportion of methionine relative to lysine by 10 and 5% were inferior to control peers by 4.4 (p<0.05) and 2.2%, respectively, according to the mentioned indicator. The description of the growth of turkeys using mathematical methods confirmed the S-shaped ascending shape of the growth curve with high coefficients of determination for each experimental group.

It was found that in almost all periods of the experiment, turkeys that consumed compound feed with a higher level of methionine relative to lysine prevailed in terms of average daily live weight gains of their counterparts fed compound feed with a lower proportion of methionine relative to lysine. In general, turkeys that consumed compound feed with an increase in the proportion of methionine relative to lysine by 5 and 10% were characterized by higher average daily live weight gains - it exceeded the control analogues by the mentioned indicator by an average of 4.6 and 2.2%, respectively. Turkeys that received combined feed with a reduced proportion of methionine relative to lysine by 10 and 5% were inferior to peers of the 1st group by 4.3 and 2.1%, respectively.

It was established that the relationship between the ratio of lysine and methionine in compound feed for young turkeys and its average daily weight gain is described by a polynomial line with a reliable approximation coefficient R2=1. At the same time, the correlation analysis showed that there is a direct average relationship between these phenomena (rs =0.64, p˂0.05).
ANALYTICITY OF MARKOV PROCESSES FOR DESCRIPTION OF COEFFICIENT OF TECHNICAL READINESS OF GRAIN HARVESTERS COMBINES
Authors: Nichay I. M.
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of operating conditions and modes on the technical condition of grain harvesters. The grain harvester gradually loses its performance during operation. To ensure stable operation of the fleet of agricultural machines, maintain its technical condition and increase operational reliability, technical control of grain harvesters is carried out. The analysis of the technical condition of combine harvesters showed that there remains a high percentage of defective combine harvesters, downtime for all types of repairs and the number of unplanned repairs. One of the main reasons for this condition is the low level of organization and quality of technical control, insufficient mechanization of technological processes. The basic element of the technological preparation of repair production is the development of a technological process that ensures the availability of a complete set of technological documentation at the enterprise for organizing and carrying out technical maintenance and repairs of traction rolling stock. During the development of technological processes of repair, the selection of technological operations and means of their technological equipment, normative documents of requirements for tolerances, clearances, forces of landings, pressings, threaded connections, processing quality, assembly accuracy, etc. is carried out. Technical conditions for the development of non-standard technological equipment are determined from the developed technological operations. As a target function, the rational periodicity of maintenance of grain harvesters was taken, namely, the rational time between services. The analysis of the results of known works on mathematical modeling and periodicity of repair and maintenance of complex technical systems based on Markov and semi-Markov processes allowed us to propose complex criteria as criteria for modeling the objective function: the functional of readiness, which is used to estimate the allowable time, and the functional of technical use, which allows determining the value of the optimal time between services of the combine harvester according to the technical parameter at the maximum point.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR PREDICTING THE NUMBER OF FIELD CROP PESTS
Authors: Dolia M. M. , Lysenko V. P. , Lendiel T. I. , Nakonechna K. V. , Vorokh V. I.
Published: July 2024

Every year, farms face the problem of ensuring the necessary development and growth of field crops due to the high probability of field crops being affected by certain types of pests. Pests can significantly impair the development of crops if their population is not controlled. This will reduce the harvest. To ensure a certain level of field crop production, it is necessary to take a series of measures to reduce the risk of harvest losses and optimize the costs of protecting plant growth. A key element of effective farmland management is the reliable prediction of the number of pests using artificial neural networks and their appropriate configuration. This approach will reduce harvest losses and preserve the ecosystem of a particular region. Reliable forecasting of pest numbers is guaranteed to create conditions for minimizing the cost of growing crops.

However, machine learning can only be implemented if there are relevant results of monitoring the number of pests and the factors that influence changes. These factors include solar activity, temperature, and humidity. Such studies were conducted and samples were formed. Neural networks of different structures were used for forecasting, such as the radial basis function and the multilayer perceptron. The results of the forecasting show a sufficiently high accuracy, which will significantly improve production efficiency.
The role of zoophilic flies Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in the spread of myiasis in mammals
Authors: Melnychuk Serhii , Dubovyi Andrew , Soroka Nataliia , Honcharov Serhii
Published: July 2024

The relevance of investigating the distribution, biology, and role of zoophilic flies Hermetia illucens of the family Stratiomyidae in the occurrence of myiasis in mammals lies in the ability of these flies to parasitise animals, which poses a threat to their health and life. The purpose of this review was to analyse scientific research on the possible spread of Hermetia illucens flies as a potential pathogen of parasitic diseases in Ukraine. The study employed the methods of analysis, comparison, and synthesis of scientific sources. It was found that the natural habitat of these flies is the countries of South and North America with tropical and subtropical climates. However, these flies are also found in European countries, namely: Portugal, Spain, Malta, France, Albania, Croatia, Slovenia, and Switzerland. To intensify biotechnology in the agricultural sector, the larvae of Hermetia illucens flies are used as an ecological utiliser of organic agricultural residues. It is believed that the main reason for the emergence of Hermetia illucens flies in Europe is their importation into seaports and subsequent introduction into coastal areas. Considering the above, it is possible that Hermetia illucens flies may also appear in Ukraine (in the southwestern regions). Cases of larval parasitism of these flies in mammals have been established. They were mostly detected as parasites in the gastrointestinal tract. Their ability to cause typical enteric myiasis has been confirmed. Larval parasitism is non-specific: diarrhoea (faeces with blood and mucus), flatulence, vomiting, loss of consciousness, etc. The larvae can also parasitise under the skin, forming boils. A frequent cause of human infestation is the consumption of unwashed, overripe fruit and vegetables on which these flies lay their eggs. The results of the review can be used to develop methods for controlling the spread and reproduction of Hermetia illucens flies, as a species whose larvae are capable of parasitising mammals
The influence of towing links on the handling of tractor self-propelled chassis
Authors: Podrigalo Mikhail , Krasnokutskyi Volodymyr
Published: July 2024

An analysis of methods for calculating the distribution of normal reactions of the road between the axles of the tractor unit was carried out. It is shown that they are based on the misconception that traction forces and rolling resistance forces are applied in the spots of contact of the wheels with the road. The research shows that installing a towing link on a tractor self-propelled chassis through the rear suspension system at a level below the axis of the rear wheels (the diameter of which is larger in relation to the diameter of the front wheels) allows reducing the additional unloading of the front wheels. A more correct scheme of the tractor unit with the application of the traction force and the rolling resistance force on the wheel axles is calculated, which determines the increase in the total normal reaction on the front wheels of the tractor self-propelled chassis when working with the towing link. It is shown that an increase in the difference in the dynamic radii of the front and rear wheels, a decrease in the vertical coordinate of the center of mass of the tractor unit leads to an increase in the normal reaction of the road on the front wheels. Since the controllability of wheeled machines increases with the growth of the normal reaction on the front wheels, the presence of towing links with the attachment point located below the axis of the rear driving wheel increases the controllability of the tractor unit based on the self-propelled chassis. The problem of determining the total normal reaction of the road on the front wheels of a tractor self-propelled chassis with a trailing link in the case of application of the traction force and the force of movement resistance on the wheel axles has been solved. To increase the accuracy of finding the total normal reaction of the road on the front wheels of the tractor self-propelled chassis, which will allow to clarify the assessment of the controllability of the latter when moving with a towed link. Increasing the difference in the dynamic radii of the wheels and reducing the base of the tractor self-propelled chassis allows you to increase the value of the total normal reaction of the road on the wheels in relation to the horizontal reaction in the hinge of the axle of the trailer link. It was determined that the operation of the tractor self-propelled chassis with trailing links is characterized by a higher efficiency factor of its chassis compared to a universal tractor of class 0.6 and higher efforts under the condition that its front platform is loaded.
Improvement of the method of assessment of software for the control of vehicle parameters
Authors: Volkov Volodymyr , Gritsuk Igor , Kuzhel Volodymyr , Volkova Tetiana , Pliekhova Ganna
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the conducted research is to improve the method of evaluating the performance of the vehicle parameter control software. It is stated that a new technique for road transport in the field of monitoring its working condition is the creation of information systems for organizational and functional support of rolling stock operation processes with the help of information integration, namely the stages of the life cycle of rolling stock and systems for its technical control and diagnostics. It is shown that nowadays in road transport the basis of life cycle information support can be CALS or IPV/CALS/PLM - technologies (continuous support of the life cycle of vehicles), which are sometimes called product information support systems and are a part of intelligent transport systems. The analysis and clarification of the structure of the intelligent vehicle monitoring system was carried out on the example of the assessment of its environmental safety and its engine parameters. In the work, it is also planned to obtain experimental data from vehicle, the results of processing of which will allow to prove the existence of a real possibility of using the diagnostic complex on a modern automatic transmission system. It should be noted that the system for monitoring environmental safety indicators of vehicle, which is proposed by the authors, also contains in its composition the subsystem of intelligent processing of primary information, which can be used precisely in the role of "intelligent monitoring system". The data obtained and analyzed in the work indicate the need to also improve the efficiency of the neutralization of harmful substances in the engine warm-up mode, which can be implemented by reducing the engine warm-up time and more effective control of the injection/ignition process in transient modes, as well as by introducing an improvement algorithm of the control subsystem composition of the mixture precisely with feedback.
The main diagnostic parameters of the vehicle engine during the start-up and warm-up processes, which affect the composition of harmful substances in the exhaust gases, were obtained experimentally. The proposed scheme for monitoring pollution of the roadside environment by traffic flows in the city.
Increasing the efficiency of ensuring the performance of vehicles
Authors: Savin Yuri , Sokolenko Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

Accidental failures, leading to unplanned repairs, significantly increase the cost of their elimination compared to planned measures. A significant part of such failures are not sudden in nature. Gradual failure is preceded by a gradual change in some parameters. The impact of gradual failures on the efficient operation of road freight transport is increasing. Despite the fact that the failure of the engine, clutch or automatic transmission is not dangerous to the life and health of people, their impact on the economic condition of the enterprise is significant. There is a trend of decreasing the size of the rolling stock fleet for most of the country's motor transport enterprises. Therefore, the importance of keeping each car in working condition increases. To increase the accuracy of the prevention of gradual and sudden-gradual failures, a forecasting method based on the diagnosis of trucks with a specialized diagnostic car scanner TEXA Navigator MULTIHUB is proposed. The selection of diagnostic parameters was carried out in accordance with the requirements for compliance with the accuracy, efficiency, and informativeness of the diagnostic parameters. The research was carried out on MAN TG-X, MAN TGA, VOLVO FH 12, DAF 105 XF, and DAF 106 cars. A sequential cylinder shutdown test was conducted to determine the compression and efficiency of all cylinders. A gradual change in the operating parameter is determined based on the obtained decrease in revolutions. In the next test, the correction of the injectors for the amount of fuel injected into the cylinders is checked. The reference value is taken as 0. The correction tolerance for increasing or decreasing the fuel supply time should be within +1 or –1. Based on the received data, the nozzle is determined, in the correction gradually increases, which signals a problem with the nozzle's operation. For the clutch, a test of the position of the start of switching on and off was carried out. By reducing the percentage of idling, you can determine the gradual engagement of the clutch. All the conducted tests make it possible to graphically display a change in a parameter or property and, using extrapolation, to predict the moment of failure. All cars carry out freight transportation in international traffic. Control parameters and data extrapolation made it possible to predict engine, clutch, and automatic transmission failures. Selected diagnostic parameters can be used to predict and prevent failures.
Study of the influence of external factors on the operational properties of an electric vehicle
Authors: Sakno Olha , Sakno Olena , Medvediev Ievgen , Tsymbal Serhii
Published: July 2024

Many factors affect the range of an electric vehicle: speed, driving style and ambient temperature can reduce the range of a full charge. Cold weather poses two main problems for electric vehicles: cold air limits battery performance, and the robo-heater significantly drains the battery. Studies have shown that 21.5 degrees is the optimal temperature for the operation of an electric car battery. Because an average of 21.5 degrees Celsius is the most optimal temperature when it comes to the range of an electric car. This actually prolongs its operation. At 21.5 degrees, the electric car's temperature system does not work, so energy is used for its movement. At -20°C, an electric car loses an average of 50% of its battery charge range. At -10 – 40%, at 0 – 20%. When the temperature is +10o C, the real driving distance of the electric car corresponds to 100% charging of the battery. At +21 o C, the real distance can be increased to 15%. When it is +40oC, the performance of the battery drops significantly to 80%, and the rate of charge rapidly decreases as the temperature increases. The energy consumption of electric vehicles is largely influenced by weather factors. Studies have shown the influence of ambient temperature and wind speed on energy consumption. The results show that at low speeds (30 km/h) the relative influence of ambient temperature is extremely high. The lowest energy consumption is achieved at a temperature of 20° C. At higher speeds (130 km/h), the relative influence of the temperature of the external environment is much lower. It has been proven that 21.5 degrees is the optimal ambient temperature for the operation of an electric car battery during operation, a decrease or increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the efficiency of electric car operation.
Study of the influence of honing process parameters with silicate bars on the quality of the treated surface
Authors: Vynogradov Мykola , Makarova Tamara , Mastepan Mykola , Savenok Dmytro
Published: July 2024

Numerous studies have shown that the kinematics of the honing process, which determines the trajectory of the cutting grain during machining, has a major impact on the parameters of macro- and microrelief. The complex working movement during honing of holes creates favourable conditions for the fuller use of the cutting capacity of the bars and uniform wear of the tool, which positively affects the machining performance and accuracy of the geometric shape of the surface. It is shown that, in this regard, there is a need to investigate the influence of the parameters of the honing process with silicate bars on the quality of the machined surface.
The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of the contact pressure of the bars and the axial and circumferential speeds on the quality of the treated surface. The study was performed on a vertical single-spindle honing machine. The samples used were cylinder liners of car engines made of grey alloy cast iron. The evaluation was based on the roughness of the machined surface and the mass removal of metal during machining. The best performance was achieved by those bars that resulted in the lowest roughness of the samples.
It was found that with an increase in the circumferential speed, the surface quality improves, and with an increase in the axial speed, it deteriorates after processing with diamond, abrasive and silicate stones. With an increase in the contact pressure of the bars, the surface quality deteriorates after machining with diamond bars and improves after machining with abrasive and silicate bars.
It has been proven that the high surface quality after treatment with silicate blocks is due to the formation of amorphous silica during honing, which, under the influence of abrasive grains, falls into the cavities of the treated surface and adheres to the surface, thus saturating the treated surface with silicon oxide.
It has been established that with an increase in the axial speed of the bars, metal removal increases, and with an increase in the circumferential speed, it decreases after machining with diamond, abrasive and silicate bars. With an increase in the contact pressure of the stones, metal removal increases after machining with diamond stones and gradually decreases after honing with abrasive and silicate stones.
It was found that the metal removal after machining with silicate stones is 2 times less than after honing with diamond stones.
It is proposed to set the allowance for finishing honing with silicate stones for cylinder liners made of alloy cast iron (HB 240) within 0.01-0.02 mm.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИКЛАДАННЯ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ ТЕОРІЯ І МЕТОДИКА ВИКЛАДАННЯ ЛЕГКОЇ АТЛЕТИКИ НА ОСНОВІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Адамчук Вадим , Дідик Тетяна , Кульчицька Ірина , Поляк Вадим , Квасниця Олег
Published: July 2024

Relevance of the topic. In the modern educational environment, characterised by the rapid development of technology and the growing need for distance learning, there is a need to find effective innovative approaches to teaching disciplines in higher education institutions. There is a problem of introducing modern technologies into the educational process in order to improve the quality of learning and engage students in active practical activities. Purpose: to investigate and test the effectiveness of using online applications and innovative approaches in the educational process in teaching the discipline "Theory and Methods of Teaching Athletics" to university students. Material and methods. The study was conducted within the framework of classes in the discipline "Theory and Methods of Teaching Athletics" during the 6th semester of 2024. Classes were held 2 times a week for 2 hours for a total of 44 hours. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature and Internet resources, surveys, content analysis, systematisation, sociological methods, pedagogical methods, methods  of  mathematical  statistics.  Research results and key conclusions. In the course of our study, it was found that the use of innovative approaches to teaching the discipline "Theory and Methods of Teaching Athletics" significantly increased the level of students' knowledge and their interest in this discipline. In particular, in the test tasks offered to the 3rd year full-time students, there was a significant increase in the results in the experimental group, in contrast to the students of the control group who were engaged in traditional teaching methods. On average, the test results of the experimental group are 36.7 % higher than those of the control group.
КОМПЛЕКСНЕ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЗАСОБІВ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ В РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ДІТЕЙ ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З ПОРУШЕННЯМИ ПОСТАВИ
Authors: Нестерова Світлана , Скірка Ірина-Емілія
Published: July 2024

Relevance of the research topic. The problem of using physical therapy means in rehabilitation of school-age children with posture disorders becomes especially relevant in the context of the threat of serious spinal diseases, which can negatively affect the health and physical development of children in the future.Purpose and methods of the study. The aim of the work is to reveal the essence of complex use of physical therapy means in rehabilitation of school- age children with posture disorders. The research consisted of the analysis of scientists' works and description of the use of therapy for correction of school-age children's posture. Research methods and statistical analysis. We used both general scientific and special methods of research, namely: analysis, synthesis, structural-functional, description, generalization.Results. The article presents an analysis of the integrated use of physical therapy in the rehabilitation of school-age children with postural disorders. Various methods and techniques of physical therapy aimed at restoring optimal physical functioning and correcting postural defects are described. It is described that the main methods of physical therapy used in rehabilitation are therapeutic physical culture, correction of body position, therapeutic   massage,         hardening, hydrokinesitherapy and physiotherapy. Particular attention is paid to physical exercises that specialize in correcting specific types of posture disorders. Key findings. It has been shown that symmetrical and asymmetrical exercises, known as corrective exercises, are used to equalize the tone of the trunk muscles and strengthen relaxed muscles, helping to return the spine to its correct position. It has been proven that therapeutic massage, as an effective means of functional therapy, is used at all stages of medical and physical therapy to treat various diseases and injuries. The article analyzes the effectiveness of these methods and their role in achieving positive results in the rehabilitation of children with postural disorders.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕКСПРЕС-РЕЛАКСАЦІЇ ПРИ ПЕРЕНАВАНТАЖЕННІ РУХОВОГО АПАРАТУ ОКА
Authors: Чаланова Раїса , Ломинога Сергій , Бекас Ольга
Published: July 2024

The work is devoted to determining the peculiarities of applying muscle express relaxation technique in cases of ocular motor apparatus overload. Variants of endurance of the convergent- accommodative apparatus of the eye in the subjects were identified. A correlation between the results of relaxation exercises and the type of endurance of the ocular motor apparatus was established. Positive results of applying the proposed exercises with palming according to the method of M.S. Norbekov were observed in individuals with active and moderate types of ocular motor apparatus endurance. Unsatisfactory results of applying the proposed relaxation method in cases of ocular apparatus overload were determined in individuals with slow endurance of the convergent-accommodative apparatus.Conclusions: 1. Evaluation of the endurance of the convergent-accommodative apparatus of the eye is an informative indicator of the functional state of the visual organ. 2. Determining the endurance of the convergent-accommodative apparatus of the eye is advisable for assessing the effectiveness of exercises aimed at improving the functional ability of the visual organ. 3. Applying muscle express relaxation to alleviate 60-minute ocular apparatus overload with palming according to the method of M. Norbekov has a 50 per cent positive effect.4. The effectiveness of applying the proposed relaxation exercises depends on the level of endurance of the visual apparatus
МІСЦЕ АДАПТИВНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ В ПРОЦЕСІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ З ФІЗИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ВЗАРУБІЖНИХ КРАЇНАХ
Authors: Щепотіна Наталя
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the research was to analyze the place and content of adaptive physical culture in the programs of training bachelors in physical education in foreign countries (based on the material of English-speaking countries). Material and methods. We searched for educational programs for obtaining a bachelor's degree in physical education available in 2024 in the USA, Great Britain and Ireland using the online service. The search was carried out by setting the following filters: Field of study - "Education", in particular, "Teaching", "Physical education"; Location - USA, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Ireland; Degree type – "Bachelor", "Bachelor of Science", "Bachelor of Arts". In total,8 educational programs were analyzed, in particular, 6 in the USA and 1 each in Great Britain and Ireland. The following methods were used in the research process: summarization of data from scientific and methodical literature and Internet sources, analysis and synthesis of the obtained information. Results and key conclusions. The vast majority of bachelor's degree programs in the USA, Great Britain and Ireland are designed for 2, 3 or 4 years of higher education and include at least 120 credits. At least 2.5 % of ECTS credits from the total volume of the educational program are allocated to the study of adaptive physical culture (between 3 and 6 ECTS credits). The content of educational programs in English-speaking countries (USA, Great Britain, Ireland) includes the study of adaptive physical culture by students within such disciplines as "Adaptive physical education", "Physical education for students with disabilities", "Introduction to adaptive physical education", "Adaptive physical culture and sport", "Assessment and Program Evaluation in Adapted Physical Education", "Inclusive sport and physicalactivity", "Adaptive physical education and physical activity".
Impact of Priority Sector Lending in Agriculture: A Study on Select Districts in West Bengal
Authors: Sen Nityalal , Sana Ashish Kumar
Published: July 2024

In India, until the late sixties, commercial banks mainly provided loans to big trade houses for commerce, trade, and business. The stream of loans toward priority sectors, primarily agriculture, weaker segments, and small businesses, is scarce. However, India cannot achieve balanced, equitable, and sustainable growth and development without developing the agriculture sector, given that over 50% of the population is involved. After the nationalization of commercial banks, the broad categories under priority sectors were agriculture, small-scale industry, and exports. The paper relies on primary data about priority sector lending in the agricultural industry of selected blocks in West Bengal to assess the effectiveness of PSL in this sector. The paper employs suitable statistical tools to measure the efficacy. Based on the analysis, results, and findings, the paper offers suggestions to improve the situation of small and marginal farmers and landless farmers, the central portion (around 85% of the agriculture sector) in West Bengal.
Identifying Critical Factors of Work-Life Imbalances among Employees in the Newspaper Industry
Authors: L Kavitha
Published: July 2024

This study attempts to identify the reasons that lead to problems in work and personal life using PCA and confirmatory factor analysis. The present study uses the scientific method to identify a few variables that influence the WLB of employees in the newspaper industry. The study focuses on the responses to 10 WLB statements from 385 respondents selected from various newspaper establishments in Kerala, a state in India. The survey method was used for data collection, using a structured questionnaire on a 5-point scale. The principal component analysis with varimax rotation and ordinal regression has been performed to identify various problems affecting the WLB and their impact on their personal lives. The study found all ten statements statistically valid based on Cronbach’s internal consistency alpha. Thus, all ten statements can be considered valid for assessing employees' problems. The present study will benefit newspaper organizations in designing an effective workplace with an effective work-life balance and minimum work interference in employees' personal lives.
History of apple breeding and breeding achievements at FSBSO ARHCBAN
Authors: Feshchenko E. M.
Published: July 2024

New apple varieties should possess a set of adaptive traits that provide yield, stable fruiting, and highly marketable fruits with a long period of postharvest storage, thus ensuring the profitability of their use in industrial plantings. According to the State Register, the central region of the Russian Federation is one of the leading regions in terms of the number of apple varieties approved for use. Long-term research of scientists and specialists from FSBSO ARHCBAN has greatly contributed to the development and improvement of the assortment both in the region and beyond. The key directions for apple breeding at the institution include improving winter hardiness, resistance to scab, and the columnar shape of the crown. The review article presents the history of shaping the directions for breeding work and modern achievements of FSBSO ARHCBAN in apple breeding, as well as an analysis of the long-term focused scientific activity of breeders. The most significant breeding results were achieved by Prof. V. Kichina, who, together with his students and followers, was the first in Russia to create several columnar apple varieties that offer high winter hardiness, resistance to scab, and marketable qualities of fruits (‘Dialog’, ‘Lukomor’, ‘Malyukha’, ‘Ostankino’, ‘President’, and ‘Chervonets’), as well as fundamentally new high-yielding varieties with a conventional crown shape that possess high adaptability and resistance to pathogens (‘Arkadik’, ‘Legendа’, ‘Marat Busurin’, and ‘Mayak Zagorye’). The article presents the main characteristics of breeding achievements of the last decades: tree crown shape; ripening time of fruits and their qualitative and quantitative indicators (tasting evaluation, average weight, shape, etc.); yield; resistance to abiotic and biotic factors. Data are presented on the use of apple varieties bred by FSBSO ARHCBAN both in agricultural production (on the basis of license agreements) and in scientific and technological cooperation with Russian National Research Universities (inclusion in breeding programs). The apple breeding activities conducted at FSBSO ARHCBAN are described, and the main directions for breeding work are outlined.