bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Analysis of the Association of Smoking with Cardiometabolic Risk
Authors: Sultan Samar , Lesloom Fouzy
Published: May 2023

Background This study aimed to explore the possible effects of cigarette smoking on the cardiometabolic risk of apparently healthy Saudi individuals in Jeddah City.Methods A blood sample was withdrawn from each participant (100 smokers [60 males and 40 females] and 60 nonsmokers [36 males and 24 females]) for the assessment of their cardiometabolic functions (lipid profile, von Willebrand factor (vWF), Troponin I) and liver function tests using an automated enzymatic method.Results Among participant smokers, 80% smoked one pack daily, while 20% smoked more than one pack daily. Smokers had significantly higher vWF functional activity and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (p < 0.001 for both), but significantly lower albumin and total bilirubin levels than nonsmokers (p = 0.026, and p < 0.001, respectively). The number of daily cigarettes consumed correlated positively and significantly with plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.225, p = 0.004), non-HDL cholesterol (r = 0.220, p = 0.005), vWF function activity (r = 410, p < 0.001), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (r = 0.686, p < 0.001), but negatively correlated with total bilirubin (r=-0.459, p < 0.001). Moreover, heavy smokers had a significantly higher BMI (p = 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio among male smokers compared to control non- smokers (p = 0.003). Thus,Conclusions Cigarette smoking is associated with increased dyslipidemia, body mass index, and central obesity, in addition to higher vWF functional activity. Increased hs-cTnI levels in smokers, indicating a higher susceptibility to heart failure and cardiovascular mortality among smokers.
Analysis of GPS flex power based on global grid
Authors: Han Qi , Fan Jiachen , Xu Yong , Hu Caibo , Zhu Kejia , Guo Siyuan
Published: May 2023

GPS IIR-M and IIF satellites have the capability to achieve flex power by distributing transmitting power between different signals, and in general, the power of P(Y) signal is typically improved. Since February 2020, with observations from IGS and iGMAS stations, the IIR-M and IIF satellites of the GPS system have activated flex power almost daily, most of which are regional in nature. To obtain the selected center points of GPS flex power, this paper proposes a method to divide the grid globally, calculate the satellite elevation angles, and perform statistical analysis. This paper verifies the correctness of the proposed method by using simulated data and previous literature data. Moreover, data from February 2020, April 2020, and March 2021 are analyzed and verified in this study. The study of flex power in different periods reveals that the locations of the center points and the way of application are constantly changed, leading to changes in the global availability of flex power.
Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation Involving Ecap of Aluminum 2024 Alloy Beryl Composites on the Mechanical Properties
Authors: G SAGAR K , P Sampthakumar
Published: May 2023

The adoption of Aluminum Metal Matrix composites has gained popularity and widespread application in view of their light weight and superior mechanical strength compared to the un-reinforced alloy system. Much improved characteristics have been derived based on the adoption of secondary processes such as rolling, forming, drawing and plastic deformation. In this context, the preparation of Al2024 alloy, containing Beryl particles as reinforcement is envisaged for getting better properties in terms of strength and hardness for structural use in aerospace industry. Further enhancement in properties to strengthen the alloy may be possible by subjecting it to severe plastic deformation, especially Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process. The present work focuses on developing Al 2024 alloy composites containing Beryl particles at 6 wt.%, through stir cast method. This is followed by ECAP process carried out in the annealed condition. This facility has been designed and developed in house. Following this, the mechanical properties, involving tensile strength, % elongation & hardness have been evaluated for the ECAP processed Al2024 Beryl samples and the values thus obtained are compared with those derived on samples without Beryl additions. The microstructures of the samples, for key stages of the work, have been recorded. Further, the fracture morphology of ECAP processed samples have been examined and analyzed using SEM/EDAX and correlated with the tensile strength data. The ECAP with pass II processed samples have shown higher tensile strength and hardness as well as good grain refinement in the matrix compared to annealed Al alloy sample.
Genetic causal relationship between COVID-19 and valvular heart diseaseidentified by a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Rao Jin , Yu Yue , Wang Zhinong
Published: May 2023

Background Many COVID-19-infected patients have been observed to develop unexplained valvular heart disease (VHD), and the association between COVID-19 and VHD remains inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to infer causality between COVID-19 and VHD from a genetic perspective using COVID-19 genetic tools.Methods This study used genetic variables and summary statistics from COVID-19 and VHD genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected based on the assumption of instrumental variables (IVs). The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis method to summarize the causal effects between exposure and outcome, while the weighted median and weighted mode methods were used as secondary methods. MR-Egger was used to test for horizontal pleiotropy, and the Q-test was used to test for heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using leave-one-out method. Scatterplots, forest plots, and funnel plots were used to visualize the results of MR analysis.Results In this study, seven COVID-19-related SNPs were selected as IVs, and the IVW [odds ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04 − 1.28, P = 0.008], weighted median (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06 − 1.39, P = 0.006), and weighted mode (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.05 − 1.54, P = 0.047) analysis methods suggested a causal effect of COVID-19 on CHD. MR-Egger indicated no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (P = 0.589), and the Q-test suggested no heterogeneity (IVW, P = 0.349). Sensitivity analysis indicated robustness of the MR analysis results.Conclusions MR analysis revealed a causal effect of COVID-19 infection on the occurrence of VHD, indicating that patients with COVID-19 had a higher risk of VHD.
VESCA’s variable precision: Determining the accuracy of adjustment for examiner differences in distributed OSCEs
Authors: Yeates Peter , McCray Gareth
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Ensuring examiner equivalence across assessment locations is a priority within distributed Objective Structured Clinical Exams (OSCEs) but is challenging due to lack of overlap in performances judged by different groups of examiners. Yeates et al have develop a methodology (Video-based Examiner Score Comparison and Adjustment (VESCA)) to compare and (potentially) adjust for the influence of different groups of examiners within OSCEs. Whilst initial research has been promising, the accuracy of the adjusted scores produced by VESCA is unknown. As this is critical to VESCA’s utility, we aimed to investigate the accuracy of adjusted scores produced by VESCA under a range of plausible operational parameters.
Methods: using statistical simulation, we investigated how: 1/proportion of participating examiners, 2/ number of linking videos, 3/baseline differences in examiner stringency between schools, 4/number of OSCE stations and 5/different degrees of random error within examiners’ judgements influenced accuracy of adjusted scores. We generated distributions of students’ “true” performances across several stations, added examiner error, and simulated linking through crossed video-scoring, before using Many Facet Rasch Modelling to produce adjusted scores, replicating 1000 times for each permutation, to determine average error reduction and the proportion of students whose scores became more accurate.
Results: Under all conditions where no baseline difference existed between groups of examiners (i.e. random rather than systematic variance), score adjustment minimally improved or worsened score accuracy. Conversely, as modelled (systematic) baseline differences between schools increased, adjustment accuracy increased, reducing error by up to 71% and making scores more accurate for up to 93% of students in the 20% baseline-difference condition.
Conclusions: score adjustment through VESCA will substantially enhance equivalence for candidates in distributed OSCEs when 10–20% baseline differences exist between examiners in different schools. As such differences are plausible in practice, consideration should be given to use of VESCA in large scale/national exams.
Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Mortality in Septic Shock: a Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (DecatSepsis)
Authors: Al-regal Ahmed Ragab Ezz , Ramzy Eyad Ahmed , Atia Amer Abd Allah , Emara Moataz Maher
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Sepsis is a global problem, which has a high mortality in cases of shock. Sepsis and its complications have been linked to acute stress response. Therefore, we hypothesized that decatecholaminization (i.e., reducing adrenergic stress) with dexmedetomidine would reduce mortality and improve the outcomes of septic shock.
Methods and Analysis:
This is a protocol for an open-label randomized controlled trial that aims to study the impact of heart rate (HR)-calibrated dexmedetomidine infusion on inhospital mortality, which is the study primary outcome, in cases of septic shock. We will use a dose range of 0.2–0.7 mcg/kg/h for 48 hours to keep the HR between 60 and 90 beats per minute (bpm). In ventilated patients, we will use the least conventional sedation that will enable the patients in both groups to tolerate the tube and ventilation. We plan to include 90 patients with sepsis and HR of > 90 bpm while on norepinephrine infusion. The main secondary outcomes are the mean dose of norepinephrine and the mean hemodynamic parameters over the first three days of inclusion or death. We will perform per-protocol and intension-to-treat analyses. The primary outcome will be analyzed using the Chi-square test, and we will report the risk ratio and 95% confidence interval. Thereafter, we will adjust for the confounders (i.e., age, sex, mechanical ventilation, and comorbidities) in a logistic regression. The level of statistical significance will be a p-value ≤ 0.05.
Ethics and dissemination:
We obtained the institutional review board approval (MS:22.02.1889) on March 19, 2022 at the Mansoura University, Faculty of Medicine. Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients or their relatives. We will publish the study results in a preprint registry and in conferences, with attempt to publish the report in a peer-reviewed journal.
Trial registration:
Clinical trial registration (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05283083) on March 16, 2022
Properties of conically stable polynomials and imaginary projections
Authors:   , Gardoll Stephan
Published: May 2023

We thoroughly study the properties of conically stable polynomials and imaginary projections. A multivariate complex polynomial is called stable if its nonzero whenever all coordinates of the respective argument have a positive imaginary part. In this dissertation we consider the generalized notion of K-stability. A multivariate complex polynomial is called K-stable if its non-zero whenever the imaginary part of the respective argument lies in the relative interior of the cone K. We study connections to various other objects, including imaginary projections as well as preservers and combinatorial criteria for conically stable polynomials.
Formation of α,β-Unsaturated Imines in Apolar Aprotic Solvent: Effect of Hidden Acid Catalysts Analyzed by Theoretical Calculations
Authors: Rufino Virginia , Pliego Jr. Josefredo
Published: May 2023

A theoretical investigation of the 1,2-additon and 1,4-addition reactions of benzylamine to crotonaldehyde in toluene solution is reported in this study, including the effect of trace amounts of acetic acid (AcOH) and methanesulfonic acid (CH3SO2OH). We have determined the reaction free energy profile and performed a detailed microkinetic analysis. Our results point out that this reaction system needs catalysis to take place and it was found that CH3SO2OH is a powerful catalyst, outperforming AcOH in lowering the free energy barrier for the 1,2-addition reaction, which leads to the formation of a,b-unsaturated imine. On the other hand, the 1,4-addition reaction has the direct nucleophilic attack of benzylamine to the b-carbon of s-cis conformation of crotonaldehyde as the rate-determining step, corresponding to slow kinetics. Our results suggest that the experimentally observed formation of the imine can be explained by the presence of hidden acid catalysts present in the reaction medium.
Agrotóxicos ilegais no Rio Grande do Sul: onde estão, para quem e o porquê?
Authors: Falcão Fernando Antônio Ribeiro , Soares Wagner Lopes
Published: May 2023

Esse artigo introduz o tema dos agrotóxicos ilegais ao debate acadêmico que atualmente, se circunscreve às instituições responsáveis pelo controle fiscal e proteção ambiental e sanitária. Propõe-se uma metodologia para construir uma variável proxy da “quantidade de agrotóxicos contrabandeada” por município. Em seguida, é realizada uma regressão logística associada às características que fazem com que os municípios tenham maiores chances de consumo de agrotóxicos ilegais. O resultado sugere uma “pulverização” espacial dos ilegais no Estado e um maior risco de uso dos produtores de menor escala, que tem como principais motivos: menor custo de aquisição aliado à pequenos ganhos de escala; e maior vulnerabilidade à uma espécie de indústria da agroilegalidade, extremamente organizada, capilarizada e que movimenta um mercado bilionário no país.
Encapsulation of rat brain slices in agar gel solution for long-term and reversible cryopreservation
Authors: Mokrushin Anatoly
Published: May 2023

Earlier there was found activity of glutamatergic ionotropic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPAR) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) disturbed after prolonged cryopreservation of brain slices at temperature of -10 оС. To eliminate cryodamage of AMPAR and NMDAR, the slices were encapsulated in the special freezing solution (SFS). SFS consisted of agar at various concentrations (33, 44 and 50 %) and artificial cerebrospinal fluid (67, 56 and 50 %, respectively). This solution was used for long-term cryopreservation of slices (52 days, -10 оС). Alterations in amplitudes of AMPA and NMDA potentials in the slices after rewarming were studied. Recovery of AMPAR and NMDAR after cryopreservation of the slices in SFS was the most optimal when the agar concentration in SFS was 50 %. Cryopreservation of the slices in SFS with different agar concentrations predominantly promoted the development of long-term potentiation in 78 % of the tested slices. Thus, the encapsulation of brain slices in SFS contributes to the preservation of AMPAR and NMDAR activity during long-term and reversible cryopreservation.
Comparative analysis of methods for batch correction in proteomics — a two-batch case
Authors: Danko Katerina , Danilov Lavrentii , Malashicheva Anna , Lobov Arseniy
Published: May 2023

A proper study design is vital for life science. Any effects unrelated to the studied ones (batch effects) should be avoided. Still, it is not always possible to exclude all batch effects in a complicated omics study. Here we discuss an appropriate way for analysis of proteomics data with an enormous technical batch effect. We re-analyzed the published dataset (PXD032212) with two batches of samples analyzed in two different years. Each batch includes control and differentiated cells. Control and differentiated cells form separate clusters with 209 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Nevertheless, the differences between the batches were higher than between the cell types. Therefore, the analysis of only one of the batches gives 276 or 290 DEPs. Then we compared the efficiency of five methods for batch correction. ComBat was the most effective method for batch effect correction, and the analysis of the corrected dataset revealed 406 DEPs.
Programa Brasil alfabetizado: uma análise à luz da teoria dos múltiplos fluxos de Kingdon
Authors: Motta Santana Abrahan Jaíne , Rostas Guilherme Ribeiro
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho busca analisar o Programa Brasil Alfabetizado (PBA) à luz da Teoria dos Múltiplos Fluxos de Kingdon (2003), procurando verificar como este programa se estrutura e vem passando por modificações ao longo da sua oferta. Para isso, metodologicamente, adota-se uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva fazendo-se uso de análise documental por meio da legislação que regula o PBA. Foram selecionados o Decreto nº 6.093 e a Resolução nº 32 devido aos dados disponibilizados serem os mais recentes no momento de execução da pesquisa. Como resultados, pode-se perceber que, a partir da teoria adotada para análise, abordando as questões referentes ao fluxo dos problemas, ao fluxo das alternativas e soluções e ao fluxo político, foi possível verificar as condições prévias para a instituição do PBA e como ele se estrutura. Quanto aos processos de modificação, a análise foi limitada, visto que a Teoria dos Múltiplos Fluxos se destaca mais especificamente na parte de preconcepção de políticas públicas.
estratégias do Brasil e de Portugal para lidar com a pandemia no contexto educacional
Authors: Paiva Celina Maria Linhares , Jucá Gisafran Nazareno Mota
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo se propõe a analisar como Brasil e Portugal, países que guardam relações históricas, se posicionaram no enfrentamento da pandemia do coronavírus no contexto educacional. Comparando as estratégias adotadas pelos dois países, se busca responder ao seguinte questionamento: as estratégias adotadas pelos gestores da educação brasileira foram eficientes para enfrentar o momento de crise? Era possível ter seguido outro caminho? Para efetuar tal análise, adotou-se um levantamento bibliográfico, com o detalhamento das ações implementadas pelos dois países para enfrentar o maior desafio educacional do século XXI. Os resultados da análise demonstram que o Brasil, de maneira equivocada, apostou apenas no Ensino Remoto Emergencial, sendo que não havia infraestrutura adequada para fazê-lo, o que prejudicou milhões de estudantes no país. Portugal mesclou formatos e conseguiu melhores resultados, o que acarretou consequências bem visíveis, como um menor tempo de fechamento dos estabelecimentos de ensino.
Perfil sociodemográfico de mulheres em cesáreas do município do Rio de Janeiro (2007 a 2018)
Authors: Lima Paola de Andrade , Mota Cristina Portela da , Silva Jorge Luiz Lima da , Mouta Ricardo José de Oliveira , Sousa Antonia Aline Rocha de , Messias Cláudia Maria
Published: May 2023

Nos últimos anos, tem sido observado um aumento progressivo das taxas de partos do tipo cesáreas em quase todos os países, embora não de forma homogênea. O Brasil é apontado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como um dos líderes em cesáreas no mundo, e alerta que o aumento se transformou em uma epidemia. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o perfil sociodemográfico de mulheres submetidas ao parto cesárea, no município do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), no período de 2007 a 2018. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal de abordagem quantitativa realizada a partir de dados obtidos nas Declarações de Nascidos Vivos (DNVs) do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc). Os dados foram retirados do sistema do Ministério da Saúde (Estado do Rio de Janeiro), Datasus/Tabnet e do sistema da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Ao analisar os dados referentes ao período de 2007 a 2018, foi possível observar que os números de partos desse tipo aumentaram gradativamente na cidade entre os anos de 2007 e 2012, chegando a atingir o índice de 57,42%.  No município, a maioria dos procedimentos foi realizada em mulheres adultas, com idade entre 25 e 39 anos, brancas, com maior instrução e solteiras.
Palavras-chave: Partos Cesáreos; Mulher; Enfermagem.
Cárie na primeira infância e o impacto na qualidade de vida
Authors: Castilho Cristiane de Oliveira Santos , Barbosa Carla Cristina Neves , Mello Carla Minozzo , Barbosa Oswaldo Luíz Cecilio
Published: May 2023

A cárie precoce na primeira infância (CPI) é uma doença infecciosa, complexa, transmissível, multifatorial que pode acometer principalmente a dentição decídua. Sua fisiopatologia resulta do desequilíbrio de vários fatores: das propriedades minerais do dente, do fluido do biofilme, envolve a ação da bactéria Streptococcus mutans, como também uma alimentação rica em carboidratos, superfície dentária suceptível,  associada a má higiene bucal. Constitui um grande problema de saúde pública nos países subdesenvolvidos e até mesmo nos desenvolvidos. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo consiste em uma revisão de literatura para compreender a CPI, bem como seus efeitos, tratamento, prevenção e o impacto na qualidade de vida. Pesquisou-se artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed e BVS utilizando os termos: “Cárie de Mamadeira”; “Cárie de Primeira Infância”; “Cárie precoce na infância”; “Cárie de acometimento precoce”, “Tratamento da cárie precoce”; “Acometimento da cárie precoce”; “Qualidade de Vida”; “Odontopediatria”; “Sáude Bucal”; “Cárie Dental”, “Cárie precoce na primeira infância”. As consequências da CPI são: algia, subnutrição, alterações na ordem cronólogica de erupção dos dentes, alterações na fonação e na mastigação,  mudança no comportamento escolar e social e alterações do ciclo sono e vigilía. Sendo assim realizar intervenção nessa população é importante e para isto a abordagem de medidas educacionais, palestras sobre a patologia, como também escovações supervisionadas nas escolas juntamente com o atendimento odontológico no primeiro ano de vida da criança possibilitam orientar os familiares e responsáveis sobre os malefícios que a doença ocasiona, mostrando a importância da higienização bucal e a manutenção da qualidade de vida.
Palavras-Chave: Cárie Dental; Odontopediatria; Saúde Bucal.
Assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal de gestantes com trombofilia na Atenção Primária de Saúde
Authors: Biage Karolyne Xavier , Silva Geísa Sereno Velloso da , Ricci Adiel Queiroz , Souza Alessandra da Silva , Gomes Elisângela do Nascimento Ferreira , Silva Jannaína Sther Leite Godinho
Published: May 2023

Introdução: O diagnóstico precoce da trombofilia gestacional é de suma importância para a saúde materno-fetal podendo garantir sobrevida a ambos em casos mais graves por meio de tratamentos adequados. Este estudo nos evidenciou que há pouca literatura relacionada ao tema em questão e sobretudo sobre a assistência de enfermagem às gestantes portadoras de trombofilia, tendo como objetivo identificar o conhecimento dos profissionais enfermeiros que atuam e realizam pré-natais na Atenção Primária de Saúde sobre trombofilia gestacional. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo quali-quantitativo, com pesquisa de campo realizada nas Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) do município de Vassouras. Os dados coletados foram examinados sob a luz da Análise de Conteúdo do Método de Bardin, seguindo as etapas de pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados obtidos e interpretação. Resultados e discussão: Acerca do conhecimento geral e específico da trombofilia gestacional, existem dois pontos a serem observados: há possibilidade de um baixo índice de notificação de mulheres com diagnóstico de trombofilia gestacional na região; como também chances que gestantes com a patologia não estão sendo diagnosticadas corretamente devido à falta de fundamentação teórica dos profissionais enfermeiros que realizam o pré-natal. Em ambos os casos há risco dessas gestantes padecerem devido complicações graves da doença. Conclusão: há uma fragilidade no conhecimento teórico dos enfermeiros atuantes na Atenção Primária de Saúde sobre o tema em questão, como apontado pelas próprias entrevistadas, notando que a qualificação dos profissionais enfermeiros é de extrema importância para ofertarmos melhor assistência às gestantes durante o pré-natal.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem; Trombofilia; Gestação.
complicações atuais da varíola do macaco no cenário brasileiro e os aspectos epidemiológicos
Authors: Souza Érica Motta Moreira de , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Neves Keila do Carmo , Fassarella Bruna Porath Azevedo , De Paula Enimar , Alves Ana Lúcia Naves
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A frequência e a quantidade das doenças Infecciosas emergentes acresceram muito, sendo entendidas como uma ameaça para a saúde pública mundial. Já as doenças reemergentes sugerem uma modificação no procedimento epidemiológico de doenças que já haviam sido refreadas, mas voltaram a conformar uma advertência à saúde humana, como o surto da varíola dos macacos. Os casos brasileiros confirmados até o momento demonstram o mesmo perfil do atual surto de MPX, tendo em vista, a existência de um surto envolvendo países não endêmicos, onde a doença desafia as vigilâncias no conhecimento dos aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e de prevenção. Objetivos: Analisar e elucidar aspectos importantes sobre a monkeypox no cenário mundial, dando ênfase para a epidemiologia histórica, etiologia, prevenção, quadro clínico, diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico. Resultados: Conforme os estudos, os resultados foram identificados situações relacionadas sobre o perfil epidemiológico da MPX, além de suas consequências para a saúde pública e para os países de baixa renda. Assim, o diagnóstico da doença já se encontra em mais de 96 países, com 41,5 mil casos confirmados. Considerações Finais: Aconselha-se ás equipes de enfermagem no caso dos HSH afetados pela doença, que as mesmas se capacitem para agir diante de uma doença com alta carga de estigma, requerendo maior atenção para as intervenções norteadas ao enfrentamento ineficaz nas relações determinadas entre os usuários e as equipes, devendo ser construída uma nova epistemologia de cuidado voltada à população de HSH.
Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem; Varíola dos Macacos; Epidemiologia.
Autenticidade e ambiguidade de mulheres bombeiras profissionais da saúde no planejamento reprodutivo
Authors: Elias Elayne Arantes , Paiva Andyara do Carmo Pinto Coelho , Souza Ívis Emília de Oliveira
Published: May 2023

Introdução: Para muitas mulheres, a maternidade pode estar atrelada ao planejamento da carreira profissional. O objetivo do estudo é desvelar os sentidos do planejamento reprodutivo no vivido de mulheres militares profissionais de saúde do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem fenomenológica estruturada no referencial heideggeriano, realizada com 21 mulheres militares da equipe multidisciplinar de saúde. Resultados: O vivido das mulheres no planejamento reprodutivo significou: Sempre sonhar e querer ser mãe, planejar a vida e o melhor momento para a gravidez; Não pretender ter filhos porque não tem mais tempo, tem medo por causa da idade e por outros motivos... estar satisfeita em já ter; e Não ter planejado o filho, ter ficado chocada e ter sido um susto quando soube que estava grávida. Discussão: A decisão de mulheres sobre ser mãe ocorreu com a interrupção de métodos contraceptivos para a concepção e a continuação do uso dos métodos foi evidenciada quando não havia o desejo de ser mãe. A gravidez não planejada foi demonstrada pelo uso inadequado desses métodos. Considerações finais: O planejamento reprodutivo foi demonstrado como uma decisão das mulheres, revelada no movimento da autenticidade, mas ao mesmo tempo, foi revelado no sentido da ambiguidade da mulher que se surpreendeu com a descoberta da gravidez não planejada, evidenciando fragilidades no cuidado de si mesma e a necessidade de receber uma assistência de qualidade no contexto da atenção primária à saúde.
Palavras-Chave: Mulheres; Reprodução; Enfermagem; Pesquisa Qualitativa.
Reflexão racial sobre Saúde Mental a partir do relato “Lia Gabriel” de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Ferreira Matheus , Tavares Cláudia Mara de Melo
Published: May 2023

Surgindo no campo da literatura afro-brasileira, a escrevivência de Conceição Evaristo destaca-se pelo protagonismo de histórias negras, com foco nas mulheres negras. Em seu livro: Insubmissas Lágrimas de Mulheres (2020) encontra-se o relato de Lia. Mulher negra que sofrendo diversos atravessamentos sociorraciais se vê inserida no circuito de tratamento psiquiátrico após uma longa crise de seu filho Gabriel. O objetivo deste texto é discutir as questões sociais que atravessam os corpos de mulheres negras, como também, refletir sobre a potencialidade da política de saúde mental e do cuidado em liberdade, sob a política territorial do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), na vida da família de Lia. Metodologia: artigo reflexivo a partir da escrevivência de Conceição Evaristo sobre a vida-experiência de Lia Gabriel. Para tanto, utilizaremos referenciais teóricos como Jurandir Freire (2006), Conceição Evaristo (2008), Bell Hooks (2015) e Rafael Tassotti (2020). Resultados e Discussão: Discute-se a outra condução do cuidado de Gabriel sob a perspectiva da saúde mental pós-reforma psiquiátrica e seus impactos na vida de toda a família, que extrapolariam o campo da saúde. Conclusão: A escrevivência de Lia Gabriel apresenta determinantes sociais que auxiliam na compreensão dos corpos mais vulneráveis. A reforma psiquiátrica é um componente fundamental e ordenador da lógica de cuidado em saúde mental, evitando lógicas separatistas, higienistas e racistas.
Palavras-Chave: Escrevivência; Saúde Mental; Reforma Psiquiátrica; Raça; Gênero; Classe.
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Simantiris Spyridon , Papastamos Charalampos , Antonopoulos Alexios S. , Theofilis Panagiotis , Sagris Marios , Bounta Martha , Konisti Georgia , Galiatsatos Nikolaos , Xanthaki Anna , Tsioufis Konstantinos , Tousoulis Dimitris
Published: May 2023

Oxidative stress plays a central role in atherogenesis, implicated in endothelial dysfunc-tion, coronary plaque formation, and destabilization. Therefore, identifying oxidative stress in the vascular wall by reliable biomarkers could aid in early diagnosis and better coronary artery disease (CAD) prognostication. Because of the short half-life of reactive oxygen species, the current ap-proach is to measure stable products generated by the oxidation of macromolecules in plasma or urine. Most popular oxidative stress biomarkers are oxidized low-density lipoprotein, myeloperoxi-dase and lipid peroxidation biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde and F2-isoprostanes. Oxidative protein modification biomarkers and oxidized phospholipids have also been studied and discussed in the present review. Most of these biomarkers are associated with the presence and extent of CAD, are elevated in patients with acute coronary syndromes, and may predict outcomes independ-ent of traditional CAD risk factors. However, further standardization of measurement methods and assessment in large randomized clinical trials are required to integrate these biomarkers into clinical practice. In addition, evidence that these biomarkers detect oxidative stress in the vascular wall lacks and more specific biomarkers should be developed to identify vascular oxidative stress. Con-sequently, several oxidative stress biomarkers have been developed, most of which can be associat-ed with the presence and extent of CAD and event prognosis. However, they still have significant limitations that hinder their integration into clinical practice.
Nutritional Fuelling for Microgravity Environment of Space Missions
Authors: Chopra Sneha , Singh Som Nath , Mathur Pulkit
Published: May 2023

Since the beginning of space missions, the food systems have undergone a sea change
with prolonged manned missions and permanent space habitats. We have a better understanding
of physiological changes which happen in humans in space and help in adaptation to the space
environment. Yet, much remains underexplored and warrants further research.

:

Space missions today involve a considerable number of individuals operating in a microgravity
environment for both short and long periods. The provision of food for such missions and managing
the physio-pathological changes that affect nutritional requirements continue to be challenging.
Food systems (food and beverages) used during every program to date have been shelf‐stable
and were composed primarily of rehydratable or thermostabilized food items. Such foods usually
have a lower hedonic value than fresh or frozen foods. Consequently, a reliable food system must
provide a wide range of palatable and attractive foods as well as the tools to prepare them
(through rehydration, heating, and cooling) to enhance the taste sensation of the crew. Adequate
nutrition with easily accessible food is essential to this effort. To deliver nutritional recommendations
to crew members for long-duration space missions, it is important to understand how nutritional
status and general physiology are linked and affected by microgravity exposure. In view of
this, it has been pointed out that nutritional countermeasures could rectify the physiological and
behavioural anomalies during microgravity exposure. In this comprehensive narrative review, we
have provided an overview of a few recent advances such as silkworm protein, good mood-vegan
diet, 3-D food printing, and space garden’s produce for onboard support to food systems. It has
also been found that exercise could be an addition to nutritional interventions. Areas of space exploration
that require more in-depth research using ground-based bed rest models, as well as inflight
microgravity conditions, are highlighted.
Surface Modification of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles for the Sustained in
vitro Release and the Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Chelidonine
Authors: Hamidia Zahra , Shahanipour Kahin , Talebian Nasrin , Monajemi Ramesh
Published: May 2023

Background:

Chelidonine is a potent anticancer against several cell lines. However, low bioavailability and
water solubility restrict the clinical applications of this compound.

Objective:

The aim of this research was to develop a novel formulation of chelidonine encapsulated in the nanoparticles
of poly(d l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) employing vitamin E D-α-tocopherol acid polyethylene glycol 1000
succinate (E TPGS) as a modifier to increase bioavailability

Methods:

Chelidonine-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles were fabricated using a single emulsion method and modified
by various concentrations of E TPGS. Nanoparticles were recognized in terms of morphology, surface charge,
drug release, size, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency to obtain the optimized formulation. The cytotoxicity of
different nanoformulations in HT-29 cells was evaluated using the MTT assay. The cells were stained with propidium
iodide and annexin V solution to evaluate apoptosis using flow cytometry.

Results:

Spherical nanoparticles prepared with 2% (w/v) of E TPGS had the optimum formulation in the nanometer
size range (153 ± 12.3 nm), with a surface charge of -14.06 ± 2.21 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 95.58 ± 3.47%,
drug loading of 33.13 ± 0.19%, and drug release profile of 73.54 ± 2.33. In comparison with non-modified nanoparticles
and free chelidonine, E TPGS-modified nanoformulations improved anti-cancer capability even after three-months
storage.

Conclusion:

Our results showed that E TPGS is an effective biomaterial for surface modification of nanoparticles,
which can serve as a potential treatment for cancer.
Chinese Medicine Supplementing Qi and Activating Blood Circulation
Relieves the Progression of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tong Ruxi , Wu Tianmin , Chen Jinshui
Published: May 2023

Background:

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of diabetic death as the final occurrence of heart failure and arrhythmia. Traditional Chinese medicine is usually used to treat various diseases including diabetes.

Objective:

This study sought to investigate the effects of Traditional Chinese medicine supplement-ing Qi and activating blood circulation (SAC) in DCM.

Methods:

After the construction of the DCM model by streptozotocin (STZ) injection and high glucose/fat diet feeding, rats were administered intragastrically with SAC. Then, cardiac systolic/di-astolic function was evaluated by detecting left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximal rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+LVdp/dtmax), and fall (-LVdp/dtmax), heart rate (HR), left ven-tricular ejection fraction (EF), LV fractional shortening (FS) and left ventricular end-diastolic pres-sure (LVEDP). Masson’s and TUNEL staining were used to assess fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Results:

DCM rats exhibited impaired cardiac systolic/diastolic function manifested by decreasing LVSP, + LVdp/dtmax, -LVdp/dtmax, HR, EF and FS, and increasing LVEDP. Intriguingly, tradi-tional Chinese medicine SAC alleviated the above-mentioned symptoms, indicating a potential role in improving cardiac function. Masson’s staining substantiated that SAC antagonized the increased collagen deposition and interstitial fibrosis area and the elevations in protein expression of fibrosis-related collagen I and fibronectin in heart tissues of DCM rats. Furthermore, TUNEL staining con-firmed that traditional Chinese medicine SAC also attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis in DCM rats. Mechanically, DCM rats showed the aberrant activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling, which was inhibited after SAC.

Conclusion:

SAC may exert cardiac protective efficacy in DCM rats via the TGF-β/Smad signaling, indicating a new promising therapeutic approach for DCM.
The Emulsion Stability, Antioxidant and Color L, a, b Content on Reduced Fat Mayonnaise Using Virgin Coconut Oil
Authors: Agustin Citravia , Kusuma Ilvan Dian , Thohari Imam
Published: May 2023

Mayonnaise is the most favorite product that made from yolk and vegetable oil so it contain of 70-80% fat. The risk of high fat intake is deteriorating health so the percentage oil on mayonnaise have to decrease as reduced fat mayonnaise (RFM). Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is one of the various type vegetable oil that can used to make mayonnaise, and there have been several reports describing health benefit. This study was to determine the best percentage of the VCO based on emulsion stability, antioxidant and color L,a,b. The method used experimental laboratory and Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with fourth treatments and fourth replication. It consisted using VCO 70%, 60%, 50% and 40%. The result of this research gave significantly effect (P<0.01) on emulsion of stability, antioxidant and color test. The conclusion of this research was best formulation of RFM using VCO based emulsion stability, antioxidant and color test is 60% it was 80.50±0.57; and 20.65±0.55.
Pengaruh Penambahan Feed Additive Berupa Sari Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) dan Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) untuk Sapi Peranakan Simmental di Departemen Riset PT. Petrokimia Gresik
Authors: Khurun'in Alfani , Kristanti Novita Dewi , Sutoyo Sutoyo
Published: May 2023

Departemen Riset PT. Petrokimia Gresik memiliki prinsip untuk selalu mengoptimalkan biaya produksi, tercapainya tujuan yang diinginkan salah satunya selalu berinovasi pada produk yang dibuat. Temulawak dan kunyit merupakan salah satu jenis akar-akaran yang mengandung minyak atsiri dan kurkumin. Minyak atsiri itu sendiri berfungsi untuk mencerna bahan kimia beracun di dalam tubuh, meningkatkan pembentukan sel dan menyediakan oksigen (O2) yang dibutuhkan, dapat merangsang sistem imun (kekebalan tubuh), sedangkan kurkumin berperan sebagai zat yang dapat membangkitkan nafsu makan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan feed additive berupa sari kunyit dan temulawak pada Sapi Peranakan Simmental terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum, konsumsi hijauan, efisiensi penggunaan ransum dan feed cost per gain. Perlakuan yang diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini meliputi kontrol dan feed additive berupa sari kunyit dan temulawak sebanyak 200 ml. Data hasil penelitian ditabulasi menggunakan Ms. Excel kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji paired sample t-test dengan taraf 5%. Peubah yang diamati meliputi pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum, konsumsi hijauan, efisiensi penggunaan ransum dan feed cost per gain. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan feed additive berupa sari kunyit dan temulawak sebanyak 200 ml tidak mempengaruhi pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum, konsumsi hijauan, efisiensi penggunaan ransum dan feed cost per gain ternak Sapi Peranakan Simmental.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tributyrin dan Vitamin D dalam Pakan Terhadap Performen dan Kualitas Telur Ayam Petelur
Authors: Tistiana Heli , Pratama Heaven Nila Nanda
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penambahan tributyrin dan vitamin D dalam pakan adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh terhadap performen dan kualitas telur ayam petelur. Materi yang digunakan adalah ayam petelur strain Isa Brown umur 76 minggu dengan bobot rata-rata 2 kg sebanyak 384 ekor, tributyrin, vitamin D, dan pakan basal. Pengambilan data dilakukan selama 8 minggu. Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan kontrol (P0) menggunakan pakan kontrol; P1: ditambah 0,4% tributyrin + 0,6% vitamin D3:P2; + 0,5% tributyrin + 0,5% vitamin D3; P3: ditambah 0,6% tributyrin + 0,4% vitamin D3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan tributyrin dan vitamin D tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, HDP, berat telur, eggmass, HHP, Haugh Unit (HU), indeks putih telur, indeks kuning telur, warna kuning telur, dan tebal cangkang; namun berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap berat cangkang. Data konsumsi pakan berturut-turut dari P0, P1, P2 dan P3 adalah 115,65; 109,86; 116,04 dan 111,97 g/ekor/hari. Nilai HDP tertinggi pada P3 (67,01%) dimana lebih tinggi sekitar 3% dibanding P0 (64,02%). Berat telur pada P1 (65,77 g), P2 (67,73 g) dan P3 (65,01 g) lebih tinggi dibanding P0 (64,35 g). Egg mass tertinggi pada P3 (53,56 g), sedangkan P0 (41,18 g); dan HHP tertinggi pada P3 (65%) dibanding P0 (61,09%). Indeks albumin sekitar 0,08 hingga 0,09 mm dan indeks kuning sekitar 0,41-0,43 mm. Warna kuning rata-rata sekitar 8,9 hingga 9,28 dan haugh unit 83,3 hingga 92,15. Tebal cangkang 0,46 hingga 0,48 mm, sedangkan berat cangkang ini tertinggi pada P2 (8,6 g) dan terendah pada P3 (7,9 g). Kesimpulan dari pengaruh penambahan tributyrin dan vitamin D dalam pakan ayam petelur mendekati afkir menunjukkan peningkatan terhadap performan, yakni HDP, berat telur, egg mass, HHP dan berat serta tebal cangkang. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik pada penggunaan tributyrin 0,6% dan vitamin D 0,4% yang mampu meningkatkan perfomans ayam petelur.
Developing a Forest City in a New Capital City: A Thematic Analysis of the Indonesian Government’s Plans
Authors: Ibrahim Abdul Halil Hi , Baharuddin Tawakkal , Wance Marno
Published: May 2023

This study analyzes the Indonesian government's plans to develop a forest city in the new capital (IKN). This study uses a qualitative approach by examining several relevant official government documents. It is done by thematic analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the forest city development plan in IKN is based on the principles; of conservation of natural resources and wildlife habitats, connected with nature, low carbon development, development of water resources, controlled development, and community involvement. In addition, the government has also calculated the benefits gained from the development of the forest city economically, socially, and environmentally. However, the government cannot only calculate the benefits but also considers other negative aspects that could occur, such as forest ecosystem problems. Development that is not carried out carefully can cause environmental damage and threaten survival. This study encourages the government to act following an orientation towards quality and sustainable environmental management. This can only be done if the government implements strong and strict regulations. The government also needs to consider financial problems and socio-economic challenges. This is useful for ensuring sustainable development can run harmoniously between the government, the environment, and the social community.
Parental practices exercised in the childhood of authors of sexual assault
Authors: Daniela Baldez Diniz  , Lília Iêda Chaves Cavalcante  , Daniela Castro dos Reis
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to identify positive and negative parenting practices carried out in childhood based on the reports of perpetrators of sexual assault. Therefore, we used a database consisting of 20 interviews with these individuals, whose textual content was submitted to exploratory reading, organization of a system of categories and subsequent evaluation by judges. From the Kappa value, it was verified of the presence of at least three categories to analyse the interviewees' reports, two negative and one positive. Positive follow-up was associated with school and leisure time, which emphasizes the concern of parents for the education of their children and their well-being, even though the use of physical and psychological punishments has been reported in the process of guidance and supervision. Negligence was present in the report of authors of sexual assault researched, associating this practice with the experience of being left alone at home.
A promoção de estudos críticos da infância para tempos incertos
Authors: Spyros Spyros
Published: May 2023

This paper takes the theme of uncertainty as a starting point to argue for a critical childhood studies which does not only wish to produce knowledge about children and childhood but is also responsive to the calls of our uncertain times and seeks to produce knowledge that matters for children’s lives. To do this, the paper argues, it is important to critique and deconstruct the current conditions of children’s lives but to also produce the kind of knowledge which would have the capacity to offer us new insights into the possibilities for crafting alternative futures for children—with children—that address the uncertainties and difficulties which lie ahead. Developing a critical childhood studies will ultimately help the field move towards decolonizing itself by becoming more inclusive and democratic as well as becoming more socially relevant by engaging with its diverse publics.