bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scale-Up Economics for Cultured Meat: Techno-Economic Analysis and Due Diligence
Authors: Humbird David
Published: December 2020

“Cultured meat” technologies aim to replace conventional meat with analogous or alternative bioproducts from animal cell culture. Developers of these technologies claim their products, also known as “cell-based” or “cultivated” meat, will be safer and more environmentally friendly than conventional meat while offering improved farm-animal welfare. To these ends, Open Philanthropy commissioned this assessment of cultured meat’s potential to measurably displace the consumption of conventional meat.Recognizing that the scalability of any cultured-meat products must in turn depend on the scale and process intensity of animal cell production, this study draws on techno-economic analysis and due-diligence perspectives in industrial fermentation and upstream biopharmaceuticals to assess the extent to which animal cell culture could be scaled like a fermentation process.The analysis identifies a number of significant barriers to the scale-up of animal cell culture. Bioreactor design principles indicate a variety of issues associated with bulk cell growth in culture: Low growth rate, metabolic inefficiency, catabolite and CO2 inhibition, and bubble-induced cell damage will all limit practical bioreactor volume and attainable cell density. With existing bioreactor designs and animal cell lines, a significant engineering effort would be required to address even one of these issues.Economic challenges are further examined. Equipment and facilities with adequate microbial contamination safeguards are expected to have high capital costs. Suitable formulations of amino acids and protein growth factors are not currently produced at scales consistent with food production, and their projected costs at scale are likewise high. The replacement of amino-acid media with plant protein hydrolysates is discussed and requires further study.Capital- and operating-cost analyses of conceptual cell-mass production facilities indicate production economics that would likely preclude the affordability of their products as food. The analysis concludes that metabolic efficiency enhancements and the development of low-cost media from plant hydrolysates are both necessary but insufficient conditions for the measurable displacement of conventional meat by cultured meat.
Noninvasive continuous blood pressure monitoring via superficial temporal artery tonometry
Authors: Jiang Zifan , Zhang Zunming , Fu Zhiqiang , Shi Yue , Strangman Gary , Zhang Quan
Published: December 2020

Abstract— Objective: Arterial blood pressure (BP) is one of the most important physiological indexes monitored in the perioperative period, yet all existing noninvasive monitoring methods are limited in either sampling rate, measuring site or accuracy. In this work, a systematic evaluation was conducted on a novel BP monitoring approach through the use of the superficial temporal artery tonometry (STAT) method and the corresponding developed BP monitoring system. Methods: Twenty-nine sessions of 30-minutes continuous BP monitoring during resting and during handgrips induced BP fluctuation were conducted in human subjects (n=10) simultaneously with the STAT method, Finapres Finometer and Pulse Transit Time (PTT) method. Results: Using Finapres Finometer as the gold standard for continuous BP, our proposed device resulted in 4.8 ± 2.2 mean absolute difference (MAD) during resting and 6.5 ± 3.4 MAD during handgrips, which significantly outperformed PTT, especially in handgrips. Correlation plots and Bland-Altman plots also suggest the same conclusion.Conclusion: BP monitoring via STAT was systematically evaluated and showed better performance than PTT. Significance: Noninvasive and continuous perioperative BP monitoring via STAT may be feasible and appropriate.
Target amplification and distractor inhibition - Theta oscillatory dynamics of selective attention in a flanker task
Authors: Haciahmet Céline C. , Frings Christian , Pastötter Bernhard
Published: December 2020

Selective attention is a key mechanism to monitor conflict-related processing and behaviour, by amplifying task-relevant processing and inhibiting task-irrelevant information. Conflict monitoring and resolution is typically associated with brain oscillatory power increase in the theta frequency range (3-8 Hz), as indexed by increased midfrontal theta power. We expand previous findings of theta power increase related to conflict processing and distractor inhibition by considering attentional target amplification to be represented in theta frequency as well. The present study (N = 41) examined EEG oscillatory activities associated with stimulus and response conflict in a lateralized flanker task. Depending on the perceptual (in)congruency and response (in)compatibility of distractor-target associations, resulting stimulus and response conflicts were examined in behavioural and electrophysiological data analyses. Both response and stimulus conflict emerged in RT analysis. Regarding EEG data, response-locked cluster analysis showed an increase of midfrontal theta power related to response conflict. In addition, stimulus-locked cluster analysis revealed early clusters with increased parietal theta power for non-conflicting compared to conflicting trials, followed by increased midfrontal theta power for both stimulus and response conflict. Our results suggest that conflict resolution in the flanker task relies on a combination of target amplification, depicted by parietal theta power increase, and distractor inhibition, indexed by midfrontal theta power increase, for both stimulus and response conflicts. Attentional amplification of sensory target features is discussed with regard to a domain-general conflict monitoring account.
Navigating Massive Open Online Courses
Authors: Savi Alexander Olof , van der Maas Han , Maris Gunter
Published: December 2020

Ideally, a MOOC would work like the GPS navigation device in your car. You tell it where you want to go, it figures out where you are, and it guides you along the most optimal route.
When can we treat Likert type data as interval?
Authors: Silan Miguel Alejandro
Published: December 2020

This paper lays down key issues in ordinality, summarizing the points of those who argue for and against using standard linear models in analyzing Likert type items/scales. It also presents a proposed broad-sketch approach to data simulation for answering when Likert type data can be considered interval rather than ordinal
Doping prevalence in competitive sport: Evidence synthesis with “best practice” recommendations and reporting guidelines from the WADA Working Group on Doping Prevalence
Authors: Gleaves John , Petroczi Andrea , Folkerts Dirk , de Hon Olivier , Macedo Emmanuel , Saugy Martial , Cruyff Maarten J.L.F.
Published: December 2020

The primary aim of this subject- wide systematic review was to collate and synthesize evidence on doping prevalence from published scientific papers. Secondary aims involved reviewing the reporting accuracy and data quality as evidence for doping behavior to (1) develop quality and bias assessment criteria to facilitate future systematic reviews; and (2) establish recommendations for reporting future research on doping behavior in competitive sports to facilitate better meta-analyses of doping behavior. Using PRISMA guidelines, 105 studies, published between 1975 and 2019, were included. To determine prevalence, the majority (89/205 studies) used self-reported surveys. Doping prevalence rates in competitive sport ranged from 0% to 73% for doping behavior with most falling under 5%. Inconsistencies in data reporting prevented meta-analysis for sport, gender, region, or competition level. Qualitative syntheses were possible and provided for study type, gender, and geographical region. Current knowledge about doping prevalence in competitive sport relies upon weak and disparate evidence. To address this, we offer a comprehensive set of assessment criteria for studies examining doping behavior data as evidence for doping prevalence. To facilitate future evidence syntheses and meta-analyses, we also put forward “best practice” recommendations and reporting guidelines that will improve evidence quality. View-only open access link: https://rdcu.be/cjtAo
Production of Restorer Lines from Segregating Progenies of Brassica napus L. Having Good Agronomic Value
Authors: Islam A. K. M. Aminul , Era F. M. , Chowdhury N. K. Aminul
Published: December 2020

Forty four testcross progenies obtained from crossing between five CMS and forty one candidate lines were evaluated both in field and laboratory condition to identify candidate restorer line(s). Nineteen testcross progenies were recorded as fully fertile with 100% plant fertility by counting the number of fertile plants from the total number of plants per lines. On the other hand from pollen fertility test, 11 testcross progenies [206A × 001(6), 9905A × 030(2), 9905A × 027(6) (0.57), 206A × 37(1) (0.68), 9904A × 027(4) (0.83), 248A × 020(6) (1.08), 248A × 018 (1.12), 248A × 022 (1.13), 248A × 017 (1.58), 248A × 038(2) (1.96) and 248A × 001(6) (2.02)] were found with 0-2.02% pollen sterility that could be mentioned as fertile or restorer lines for making hybrids. Agronomic performances were also satisfactory for these selected test cross progenies. The genotype 248A × 017 took the shortest time (30.00) for first flowering as well as ripening followed by 248A × 007(1). The highest number of pods per plant was observed in the testcross progeny 248A × 022 (649.59) and the highest number of seeds per pod (30.33) in 248A × 020(6). For seed weight per plant, 206A × 001(6) was recorded with maximum value (0.08g) while the lowest (23.33) number of seeds per plant was found in this progeny. In case of seed yield per plant, 248A × 022 gave the highest yield (30.30). The seed yield of the progenies 248A × 017 (23.49), 9905A × 027(6) (20.39), 248A × 001(6) (17.26), 9904A × 027(4) (17.02) and 248A × 038(2) (16.53) were also in the highest level.
Molecular Identity of Subterranean Termites
Authors: Kotilingam Srinivasa Murthy
Published: December 2020

Identification of termites is a challenging task due to variable morphological differences among species and their eusocial behaviour with different caste system. A method for easy and accurate species-level identification at any life stage is required. In this study, a 658-base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was used to explore its utility in the identification of important subterranean termites. Termite specimens collected from 25 locations from various states, were characterized using specific primers for their identification. Sequence analysis and divergence among the species was assessed. The composition of the mitochondrial sequence of the COI gene in the present study was expectedly AT biased. GenBank accession numbers were obtained for the species. Sequence analysis and divergence among the species was assessed, which revealed significantly high percentage of A+T base composition. Molecular sequence information from NCBI revealed relatedness in all the collected termites, accurately as revealed by their morphological characters. The studies indicate the relevance of DNA sequencing to match different forms of termites and address ambiguities in morphological identification. The information on species diversity would help plan strategies for management of termites.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(4): 410-416
Outcome of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Yadav Rohit Prasad , Subedi Kamal Raj , Purbey Bibek Kumar , Gautam Manish , Bhattarai Amit , Koirala Ashok
Published: December 2020

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a technically demanding endoscopic procedure for both diagnostic and therapeutic purpose in treating various pancreaticobiliary diseases. This service is very limited in tertiary care center of our country Nepal mostly limited to Kathmandu valley and Dhulikhel hospital.

Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study patients who underwent ERCP with therapeutic intent in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar from April 2019 to April 2020. Total 148 patients were included in this study for analysis.

Results: The most common finding was choledocholithiasis in 132(89.2%) patients. Benign biliary stricture was found in 7 (4.7%). Biliary obstruction due to periampullary growth was found in 7 (4.7%) patients. Bile duct injury was found in 1(0.7%) and chronic pancreatitis in 1 (0.7%) patient. The therapeutic success of ERCP was for choledocholithiasis, Stone Clearance in 1st attempt 68.9%, in multiple attempts18.2%, failed stone extraction in 3 cases (2.0%) only biliary stenting was done in 15 (10.3%) patients of various biliary disease for therapeutic and palliative reason. Pancreatic stenting was done in1 (0.7%) patient. The most common complication was Acute Pancreatitis in 6(4.1%), Post-Sphincterotomy bleeding in 1 (0.7%), biliary septic shock in 1 (0.7%) and 1 death (0.7%).

Conclusion: ERCP can be continued in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital as it has lots of benefits with minimal acceptable complications.
Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Status and Anti Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Titer among the Health Care Workers of a Hemodialysis Unit
Authors: Shrestha Shailendra , Roy Pratap
Published: December 2020

Background: Health care workers are in high risk of getting infected with hepatitis B virus. A large proportion of them do not receive a 3-dose series of hepatitis B vaccination and have anti hepatitis B surface antibody titer  <10 mIU/ml.

Materials and Methods: Health care workers of the hemodialysis unit were included from March 2019 to March 2020 and were interviewed about hepatitis B vaccination status. Serum samples of the participants were analyzed for anti hepatitis B surface antibody titer. Participants with antibody titer of <10mIU/ml were given a 3-dose series of hepatitis B vaccination and antibody titer was again measured 1-2 months after the last dose.

Results: Among 30 participants, 19 (63.3%) had 3-dose series of hepatitis B vaccination, and all of them had anti hepatitis B antibody titer of >10 mIU/ml. Remaining 11 participants (36.7%), with either partial (6) or no hepatitis B vaccination (5), had antibody titer of <10mIU/ml. The mean ranks of antibody titer was significantly associated with the hepatitis B vaccination status (P<0.001). All 11 participants with antibody titer of <10 mIU/ml received a 3-dose series of hepatitis B vaccine and all of them achieved antibody titer >10 mIU/ml.

Conclusion: Our study shows that a large proportion of health care workers of hemodialysis unit were either partially or not vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccination and were having anti hepatitis B antibody titer of <10 mIU/ml. However, with complete 3-dose series of hepatitis B vaccination all of them achieved a protective antibody titer of ≥10 mIU/ml.
Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Vaccine Induced Tuberculous Lymphadenitis: A Case Report
Authors: Sapkota Kalyan
Published: December 2020

Bacille Calmette-Guérin lymphadenitis is one of the most common complication of this vaccination. We present a case report of infant with this vaccination induced lymphadenitis treated successfully with anti-tubercular therapy. Fine-needle aspiration is the safe and cost-effective method to diagnosis and to manage suppurative Bacille Calmette-Guérin lymphadenitis.
Inverted Papilloma: Our Experience of Endoscopic Medial Maxillectomy and its Outcome in a Tertiary Care Center, Nepal
Authors: Basnet Meenakshi , Thakur Sanjeev Kumar , Ghimire Bibek , Nepal Niraj
Published: December 2020

Background: Inverted Papilloma arises from the lateral wall of nose and is common in maxillary sinus. It is locally invasive, can recur and has malignant potential. Endoscopic medial maxillectomy is the preferred choice.

Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of Otolaryngology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar from June 2015 to June 2018. A total of 26 patients were included in the study, after informed consent and ethical clearance. Staging was done by Krouse method after imaging studies and preoperative endoscopic biopsy was performed. These patients then underwent endoscopic medial maxillectomy. All the data were collected in excel spreadsheet and analyzed in SPSS software.

Results: Out of a total of 26 patients, male: female ratio was 1.6:1, with 16 male and 10female. Average age was 40.5 years (25-72years). According to Krouse staging, 2 patients were in Stage I, 7 patients in Stage II and 17 patients in Stage III. IP mostly involved the lateral wall of nose.  Unilateral nasal obstruction was the commonest presenting symptom. The commonest post-operative complication was nasal crusting. Most of the patients were treated with simple endoscopic medial maxillectomy.

Conclusion: Inverted Papilloma is common in male in their 4th decade of life with lateral wall of the nose being mostly affected. Most patients were in stage III of Krouse’s staging system. Simple endoscopic medial maxillectomy was the commonest procedure.
Assessment Of Human-Wildlife Conflict And Its Implication For Conservation at sundarpur, Udayapur, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Aryal Chandramani , Pokharel Manoj
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out to document the prevailing situation of human-wildlife conflict in Sundarpur of Udayapur district, Nepal where significant numbers of sloth bear along with other troublesome wildlife species occur. Data about conflict and people's perception towards wildlife conservation was collected using household surveys supplemented by key informant interviews and direct observation method. Monkeys (93%) and elephants (86%) were found to be major animals involved in conflict mostly resulting into crop raiding, which was the major form of conflict as reported by (95%) of respondents. Livestock depredation cases were mostly by common leopard (84%) and sloth bear was involved in majority of human attack cases (90%). According to respondents, the trend of conflict was found to be increasing for elephants (63%) and monkeys (73%) while it was found to be decreasing for sloth bear (64%), wild boar (85%), and leopard (46%), where people believed natural attraction of wildlife towards crops/livestock to be the major driving factor of conflict. Despite the prevalence of conflict most of the respondents showed positive attitude towards wildlife conservation in Sundarpur. This implies a better future for wildlife conservation in this area if the issues associated with human-wildlife conflict are addressed effectively.
Customer Satisfaction in Nepalese Cellular Networks
Authors: Dahal Rewan Kumar
Published: December 2020

Now a days identification of responsible factors that influence customer satisfaction is a key concern of marketers and research scholars and it will remain in future too. The purpose of the study was to identify the responsible factors that affect on customer satisfaction with cellular networks in Nepal and analyze them. Nepal Telecom and Ncell were taken as sample organizations where they occupy more than 94 % of market share. The study was based on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire based on the judgmental sampling technique from 816 customers. It examined that price and service quality, brand and loyalty, corporate social responsibilities, network and coverage, and customer care and innovation were the responsible factors in the assessment of customer satisfaction with Nepalese cellular networks services. The study concluded that mobile service providers should concentrate upon the factors responsible on customer satisfaction and care of those factors that have significant influence on promoting customer satisfaction in Nepalese cellular networks industry.
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth of Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Shiva Prasad , Pokharel Bishnu Prasad
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to investigate the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the economic growth of Nepal for the period 2008/09 to 2017/18 A.D. yearly data. It evaluated the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) performance and the trends of FDI and Gross Fix Capital Formation (GFCF) in Nepal. To demonstrate the relationship between Nepalese Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Gross Fix Capital Formation (GFCF) Multiple-Regression-Model has been applied along with various econometrics techniques such as Unit-Root Test, Granger-Causality Test and Ordinary Least Square (OLS). GDP in this model is used as dependent variable whereas FDI and GFCF are measured as independent variables. According to the results, Unit Root Test indicated that all the variables included in the model were not stationary at level except FDI, whereas GDP and GFCF are stationary at first difference. The model is overall significant with the positive and significant relationship of GDP, FDI and GFCF. Result also indicate a good fit for the model with R2=86%. The Granger Causality Test revealed that there was no causality between the variables since all p-value obtained are more than 5%. Based on the empirical result of this paper, policy recommendation proposed that for Nepal to generate more foreign direct investment, hard work should be made at solving problems of government involvement in business; relative closed economy; corruption; weak public institutions; and poor external image, and political instability.
An Exploration on Parent’s Gendered Perception
Authors: Pokharel Samidha Dhungel
Published: December 2020

Perception refers to the social knowledge which influences person’s attitudes and behavior. Though the process of perception is similar, it differs from person to person depending upon the context. Based on the survey study conducted on Kathmandu Metropolitan city, this study explores the parental perception toward stereotypical thinking about sons and daughters. Furthermore, it also explores what factors in regards to religion, gender, ethnicity, education and income is more influential in shaping perception. The study was carried out during the year 2011 to 2013 with total of 269 respondents including father and mother having at least one son and daughter. Data were collected through a set of both structured and unstructured questions. Findings of the study suggest that stereotypical perception about boys and girls are deeply rooted in Nepalese society. Stereotypical perception toward boys is more rigid than girls. It has also been observed that perception is contextual and significantly influenced by gender, religion, ethnicity, education and economy. However educational status and economic condition are the major factors that influence shaping people’s perception mostly. It can be concluded that bringing change in stereotypical perception is possible through improving peoples’ educational status and income.
Factors Affecting Individual Investors’ Stock Investment Decision in Nepal
Authors: Rana Surya Bahadur
Published: December 2020

This paper attempts to explore the factors associated with individual investors’ stock investment decision in the context of stock market in Nepal. The study also aims to examine the relative importance of investment decision factors as perceived by investors based on their demographic characteristics. The study uses a sample responses of 106 individual investors obtained through structured questionnaire survey during the period January to April, 2019. The study employs exploratory factor analysis to extract the common factors affecting stock investment decisions of the sample investors. The results of factor analysis show that six factors, namely Earnings and Image Factors, Corporate Governance and Positioning Factors, Goodwill and Market Share Factors, Industry Competition and Size Factors, Fundamental Market Factors, and Decision Making Factors are the common factors affecting stock investment decision of the sample investors in Nepal. The results also show that among the six factors extracted, Fundamental Market Factors have high relative importance as perceived by the sample investors.
Lingua receptiva. Wyzwania wielojęzycznej komunikacji receptywnej w Europie
Authors: Steciąg Magdalena
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie najnowszych propozycji w ramach badań poświęconych wielojęzyczności receptywnej. Zawiera on bliższe omówienie koncepcji lingua receptiva, czyli receptywnej komunikacji wielojęzycznej opartej na (spokrewnionych) językach rodzimych jej uczestników, zarówno w aspekcie reprezentacyjnym - w stosunku do realnych praktyk multilingwalnych, jak i konfiguracyjnym - w stosunku do innych kategorii w siatce pojęć dyscypliny badawczej. W konkluzji zaznacza się, że współwystępowanie lingua receptiva i lingua franca w komunikacji międzynarodowej w Europie wydaje się istniejącą, choć niewystarczająco rozpoznaną rzeczywistością językową.
Kompetencja fonologiczna w nauczaniu języka polskiego Słowaków. Trudne miejsca w wymowie (i ortografii)
Authors: Zakrzewska-Verdugo Magdalena
Published: December 2020

Artykuł analizuje miejsca trudne dla Słowaków w polskim systemie fonetycznym, a także prezentuje, jak niedostatki w kompetencji fonologicznej mogą rzutować również na poprawność ortograficzną tekstów pisanych przez studentów. Praca ma charakter porównawczy, a więc osobno prezentowane są kwestie problematyczne w polskim systemie wokalicznym, konsonantycznym oraz akcentowym w zestawieniu ze słowackim. W każdej z trzech części przedstawiane są typowe błędy w wymowie i pisowni pojawiające się w wypowiedziach ustnych i pisemnych studentów. Celem przyczynku jest przedstawienie wagi kształcenia kompetencji fonologicznej na lektoracie w taki sposób, aby zminimalizować negatywny transfer językowy.
Tematyka migracyjna na przykładzie filmu Der Junge Siyar / Before snowfall kurdyjskiego autora Hishama Zamana
Authors: Jędrzejewicz Artur Jacek
Published: December 2020

Artykuł jest próbą opisu tekstów kultury kreowanych przez twórców ze współczesnych kręgów migracyjnych. Dzieła te są ważne z kilku powodów: brak stereotypów, klisz i zapośredniczeń, za pomocą autorskiego języka ukazują doświadczenia (często traumy i przeżycia graniczne) oraz świadectwa; w sensie narratologicznym, łączą przekaz dawnej kultury oralnej ze współczesnym językiem autorskim, który pozwala zrozumieć treści nieuchwytne dla form dziennikarskich i skrótowości nowych mediów. Odnotowuje również powstawanie podgatunku refugee story, jaki kształtuje się w początkach XXI w., oraz stosunek kultury polskiej do tego zjawiska.
Queer Fashion and Style: Stories from the Heartland—An Exhibition Catalog
Authors: Reddy-Best Kelly , Goodin Dana , Sanders Eulanda
Published: December 2020

Queer Fashion & Style: Stories from the Heartland—An Exhibition Catalog analyzes the recent history of fashion through a queer lens by examining how queer identities are negotiated in everyday styles by women in the Midwest part of the United States from the late twentieth century to the present.
Detecting functional disabilities in elderly persons with cardiovascular diseases using the self-reporting method
Authors: Babić Dijana , Bertić Želimir , Križanec Niveska , Babić Ljiljana
Published: December 2020

The ability to perform basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) is an essential indicator of the level of functional capacity in old age. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate reliability and validity of the self - reporting method in detecting functional difficulties among elderly persons with cardiovascular diseases. The Groningen Activity Restriction Scale was used to assess the limitations in functional capacity. The sample consisted of patients over the age of 65 with hypertensive disease, angina pectoris, ischaemic heart disease, degenerative valvular disorders, peripheral arterial disease, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated for the total result. Differences in outcome with respect to age, educational level, marital status, and medical diagnoses of participants were compared by means of a t-test or one-way ANOVA. In the group of ADL, participants reported difficulties in climbing stairs (M=2.14, SD=1.07) and caring for feet and toenails (M=2.17, SD=1.27), while in the group of IADL, difficulties were present in performing heavier household chores (M=2.51, SD=1.31) as well as ironing and washing clothes (M=2.20, SD=1.29). Calculation of the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient points to a high degree of internal consistency for this scale on a chosen sample (α=0.95). The use of a validated self-reporting tool may be a valuable and reliable way for assessing the functional capacity of elderly persons with chronic diseases. The findings of this study indicate the possibility of using this method for prognostic purposes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Introduction of instrumental support measures in a timely manner has a crucial role in delaying the progression of functional dependence.
Usporedba percepcije bliskih odnosa roditelja djece s teškoćama u razvoju i roditelja djece normativnog razvoja
Authors: Klarin Mira , Čirjak Višnja , Šimić Šašić Slavica
Published: December 2020

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je usporediti bliske odnose dviju skupina roditelja, roditelja koji imaju dijete normativnog razvoja i roditelja koji imaju dijete s teškoćama u razvoju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 193 roditelja muške djece starosti od četiri do pet godina od čega je 116 roditelja djece normativnog razvoja i 77 roditelja djece s teškoćama. U svrhu dobivanja odgovora na postavljena istraživačka pitanja korišteni su sljedeći mjerni instrumenti: Skala privrženosti kao stanja, Skala kvalitete obiteljskog funkcioniranja i Skala socijalne podrške, a obrada dobivenih podataka provedena je neparametrijskim statističkim postupcima. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da su bliski odnosi roditelja djece s teškoćama obilježeni većim traženjem sigurnosti. Kvaliteta obiteljskog funkcioniranja podjednaka je kod dvije skupine roditelja, dok roditelji djece s teškoćama u razvoju u manjoj mjeri dobivaju podršku prijatelja. Također rezultati ovog istraživanja idu u prilog zaključku da majke koje imaju dijete s teškoćom u većoj mjeri traže prisutnost bliskih osoba u odnosu na očeve iz te skupine roditelja. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na važnost uzimanja u obzir obitelji kao sustava, osobito onih obitelji koji imaju dijete s teškoćom, što može uključivati različite programe s ciljem rada na obiteljskoj dinamici i partnerskim odnosima osobito u ranjivim obiteljima.
Studenti s invaliditetom u visokom obrazovanju – pogled iz kuta formalne podrške
Authors: Milić Babić Marina
Published: December 2020

Visoko obrazovanje važan je segment pripreme za tržište rada svih studenata koji upisujući pojedini fakultet žele steći potrebnu edukaciju za rad u odabranom području. Zemlje Europske Unije, pa tako i Hrvatska, ulažu u razvoj visokog obrazovanja kroz različite operativne programe koji pridonose dostupnosti obrazovanja za sve kategorije građana. Otvorenost visokog obrazovanja svakom članu društva temelj je inkluzivne obrazovne politike Europske Unije. Obrazovne politike postaju područje interesa cijele europske zajednice jer se društvo znanja vidi kao temelj gospodarske konkurentnosti Europe na globalnom tržištu. Cilj je rada ispitati kako stručnjaci koji rade u službama podrške za studente s invaliditetom doživljavaju poštovanje prava na visoko obrazovanje studenata s invaliditetom na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu. Riječ je o kvalitativnom istraživanju provedenom u 2019. godini putem polustrukturiranih intervjua, dok su podaci obrađeni primjenom tematske analize. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 10 stručnjaka koji rade u službama podrške za studente s invaliditetom na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu. Rezultati ukazuju na pozitivne primjere poštovanja prava na visoko obrazovanje, ali identificiraju i postojeće slabe točke koje je potrebno unaprijediti u skladu sa suvremenim postavkama inkluzivnog europskog društva. Promjene u budućnosti potrebne su u područjima standardizacije asistencije i prijevoza, prilagodbe infrastrukture, redovite edukacije nastavnog osoblja, senzibilizacije studenata te u razvoju ljudskih resursa u uredima za studente s invaliditetom.
Autizam i samopercepcija znanja pomoćnika u nastavi
Authors: Jurković Denis , Penić Jurković Anita , Maglić Iva
Published: December 2020

Cilj istraživanja provedenog u šk. god. 2019/2020. na uzorku od 425 pomoćnika u nastavi bio je ustanoviti razinu samoprocijenjenog znanja o inkluziji te radu s učenicima s autizmom među pomoćnicima u nastavi. Također cilj istraživanja bio je i ustanoviti koji od sociodemografskih pokazatelja pridonose samoprocjeni znanja o radu s učenicima s autizmom, ali i inkluziji općenito. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja osmišljen je upitnik Samoprocjene znanja o inkluziji i autizmu (SZIA) koji se sastoji od 2 subskale. Prva subskala, Samoprocjena specifičnih znanja o autizmu, mjeri samoprocijenjeno znanje o radu s učenicima s autizmom, dok druga, Samoprocjena općih znanja o inkluziji, mjeri samoprocijenjeno znanje pomoćnika u nastavi o inkluziji općenito. Sastavljen je i Sociodemografski upitnik kojim su prikupljeni ostali podaci o sudionicima istraživanja. Prema dobivenim rezultatima početni motiv za rad te godine rada s učenicima s autizmom statistički su značajno pozitivno povezane, a završena edukacija za pomoćnika u nastavi te iskustvo rada s ovim učenicima statistički su značajno negativno povezani sa samoprocjenom znanja o radu s učenicima s autizmom, no nemaju bitnu ulogu u samoprocjeni znanja o inkluziji. Također među sudionicima istraživanja postoje statistički značajne razlike pri samoprocjeni znanja o radu s učenicima s autizmom. To se posebice odnosi na početni motiv za rad, završenu edukaciju za pomoćnika u nastavi te iskustvo rada s učenicima s autizmom, dok godine rada u ulozi pomoćnika ne čine statistički značajnu razliku. Na koncu pokazalo se i da samoprocijenjeno znanje o inkluziji statistički značajno pridonosi samoprocijenjenom znanju o radu s učenicima s autizmom. Ovakva istraživanja imaju izuzetan potencijal za dobivanje boljeg uvida u znanja i kompetencije pomoćnika, a samim tim i u kvalitetu rada istih.
ABAS-3 – an instrument for assessing adaptive skills in people with an intellectual disability
Authors: Prokopiak Anna , Kirenko Janusz
Published: December 2020

In its initial part, the article presents an analysis of the definition of intellectual disability and follows its development over the past half century. In order to diagnose an intellectual disability, it is important not only to demonstrate an overall level of intelligence that is at least two standard deviations below the median score, but also to take into account the concurrent criterion of developmental age. Moreover, as discussed in this article, defining an intellectual disability also requires addressing limitations in adaptive behaviour, i.e. cognitive, social and practical functioning skills. These diagnostic criteria are met by the “Adaptive Behavior Assessment System” (ABAS), published originally in 2000 by Harrison and Oakland. Its third edition came out in 2015. ABAS-based evaluations find a wide variety of uses, including assessing adaptive behaviour of people with intellectual disabilities, diagnosing and classifying disabilities and disorders, documenting and monitoring progress over time, and determining entitlement to disability benefits. The instrument has many strengths, but it also exhibits limitations. For example, comprehensive examination is only possible if the localised adaptations of ABAS are suited for people in the age bracket of 0-89 years. The effective use of this instrument is also dependent on its compatibility with the formal disability assessment system and with the strategies for working with students who have intellectual disabilities. The level of this compatibility should be no less than the American variant. Only then will ABAS-3 be fully adaptable to the purpose for which the assessment is developed, and the results obtained will be useful and properly applied.
Primjena koncepta kružnog gospodarstva i industrijske ekologije kao doprinos održivom razvoju i zaštiti okoliša
Authors: Miketić-Curman Sanja
Published: December 2020

Industrijska ekologija bavi se promjenama industrijskih procesa i primjenom linearnih sustava koji su prikazani kao otvorena petlja gdje resursi i kapitalna ulaganja putuju kroz sustav postajući na kraju otpad, na kružne sustave odnosno zatvorenu petlju (eng. Closed-Loop) gdje se otpad upotrebljava u novim procesima. Kružno gospodarstvo je model proizvodnje i potrošnje koji uključuje ponovno korištenje, obnavljanje i recikliranje postojećih proizvoda kako bi im se produljio vijek trajanja uz istovremeno smanjenje količina otpada. Postoje različiti koncepti koji se primarno vežu s konceptom kružnog gospodarstva, a jedan od njih je od kolijevke do kolijevke (eng. „Cradle to Cradle“) koncept koji po uzoru na prirodu i harmoniju ekosustava pokušava potpuno eliminirati otpad. U ovom preglednom radu, primjenom analize sadržaja relevantne znanstvene i stručne literature te dokumentacije, cilj je definirati koncepte industrijske ekologije i kružnog gospodarstva, ukazujući na prednosti koje proizlaze njihovom primjenom, kao što je minimiziranje troškova sirovina, skladištenja i odlaganja prvenstveno industrijskog otpada, s krajnjim ciljem realizacijom održivog razvoja.
ДИАГНОСТИКА ТРУДОВЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ ПЕДАГОГОВ ДЕТСКО-ЮНОШЕСКИХ ЦЕНТРОВ
Authors: Байнова М. С. , Момот А. Г.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the confictological aspects in labor activities of teachers of additional education. The authors consider peculiarities of conflicts related to labor relations, working conditions. Further education organizations have features that distinguish them from schools and pre-school education institutions. The children's and youth centers are customer-oriented and more responsive to the pupil’s preferences. The study of labor conflicts is therefore relevant to additional education for children. Conflicts in education are well studied in terms of teacher-pupil relations. However, the employment relationship in education has features related to scheduling, feedback, motivation and stimulation. Survey and testing based on the methods of K. Thomas and R. Kilmann, and C. Spielberger (Yu. L. Khanina) and interviews with the staff of the center showed possible sources of conflicts in the process of organizing education in the children and youth center. Pay dissatisfaction, inadequate feedback, and off-schedule activities create internal tensions among employees. Pay dissatisfaction, inadequate feedback, and off-schedule activities create internal tensions among employees. Compromise and adaptation are the prevalent employee tactics. At the same time, some employees have high levels of anxiety. Thus, potential conflict situations develop in the team. Hidden conflicts can help reduce teacher loyalty to the organization. Based on the results of the study, the authors offer some recommendations for the diagnosis and prevention of conflicts in children's centers of further education
Establishment of Waqf to Alleviate Poverty Among Muslims in Oyo State South-West, Nigeria: Test of Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Abdulkareem Ibraheem Alani , Mahmud Mohd Sadad , AbdulGaniyy AbdulFattah , Aliu Olanrewaju Atanda
Published: December 2020

Poverty is on the increase in Africa in general and specifically in Nigeria despite the numerous poverty alleviation programs of successive governments. Lamentably, most poverty alleviation initiatives have failed to produce meaningful outcomes despite billions of Naira committed to them. Nigerians and Nigeria still ranked among the poorest, with the poverty rate rising since the 1980s. Base on the theory of planned behavior, this study examines the influences of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, Religiosity, and available information on the intention to establish Waqf in Oyo state, southwestern Nigeria. Survey data from 218 Islamic scholars revealed that all the variables, as mentioned earlier, except available data, have a significant positive influence on the intention to establish Waqf according to the respondents.  Based on the results, the study made relevant policy recommendations regarding how authority can explore Waqf's institution as a formidable alternative to government-driven poverty alleviation programs in the interest of the Nigerian Muslims and the Nigerian Muslims, the larger population cutting across different religions.
Acceleration of Mega Merger of SOE Sharia Banks in Indonesia through Revitalization of Sharia Economic Law in Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Jie Ferry , Harisah Harisah , Sulaiman Zubaidi
Published: December 2020

Generally, we can see that law is all rules of behavior in norms regulating orders among societies. Likewise, sharia economic law regulates policies of the community in economic activities, and the application of this rule in Indonesia can be studied through Islamic boarding schools as a place for Islamic scientific education. The condition of this Indonesian pesantren is no longer only studying classical sciences. Still, also it has developed by studying modern sciences such as studies in several Indonesian pesantren which have revitalized sharia economic law as a study, which is included in the science curriculum and equipped with institutional facilities to support learning in providing an overview of sharia economic practices. Accordingly, the program has become one of the instruments for accelerating the mega-merger of Islamic banks. This research used qualitative methods with data collection through interviews and direct observations in the field. This study found that Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia have provided Islamic economic, scientific facilities, and Islamic microfinance institutions to support learning Islamic economic law to introduce knowledge and provision of Islamic economic practices so that students could apply Islamic economic values. Meanwhile, the existing programs in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools produced reliable students in the sharia economy to support the acceleration of the Islamic Bank's mega-merger through several programs such as the study of muamalah fiqh books, in collaboration with education and training held by financial institutions owned by Islamic boarding schools as well as employment programs for alumni of pesantren and guiding Islamic banking.
Bronze and Iron Age pottery from Metsamor (2018 season)
Authors: Iskra Mateusz , Zakyan Tigran
Published: December 2020

A rich and diverse pottery assemblage from the Middle Bronze Age through the Urartian Red Burnished Ware and local “post-Urartian ware” of the Iron III period comes from occupational deposits discovered within the lower town of Metsamor during fieldwork in 2018. The stone architecture recorded in this sector functioned in the first half of the 1st millennium BC. The pottery finds thus represent periods from Iron Age I to Iron Age III, for the first time producing a detailed sequence for the previously less than satisfactorily documented Iron Age I phase. New types of pottery were also distinguished for the Urartian and post-Urartian phases.
Animal remains from the el-Hamra Christian complex in the el-Ga'ab Depression, West Dongola (Sudan)
Authors: Hamdeen Hamad Mohamed , Tahir Yahia Fadl
Published: December 2020

The animal remains discussed in this paper come from three archaeological sites in the el‑Hamra Christian complex, excavated within the frame of the el‑Ga'ab Depression archaeological, ethnographical and ecological project. During two seasons in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015, a team directed by Yahia Fadl Tahir collected and examined a total of 89 mammal, five ostrich egg and 16 mollusk remains. The bone assemblage was divided into seven groups representing the most and least attractive parts of the carcass in terms of nutritional value. Identified species include sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra hircus), while other animal remains include ostrich egg fragments and mollusk species: Pila ovata, Melanoides tuberculata and Lanistes carinatus. Similarities can be observed in livestock husbandry and subsistence patterns in the early Christian period in the Dongola region, where the economy depended on small mammals like sheep and goats to provide milk and meat.
The 'last' king of Makuria (Dotawo)
Authors: Godlewski Włodzimierz
Published: December 2020

Representations of Makurian Kings and Queens (Mothers of the King), dated from the end of the 8th through the 13th centuries, have been preserved inside several churches of Makuria, but mostly inside the cathedrals of Pachoras. The representation of the king inside the monastery church NB.2.2 in Dongola is the latest one and the most fully preserved with the regalia and late dress.
Energy saving fuel elements with used hydrogen.
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, E. LYUBIMENKO , A. SHTEPA
Published: December 2020

Performed research work to determine the effect on the fuel cells of the temperature and change the shape of the elements (plates) in contact with hydrogen. It has been confirmed that the plate change takes two stages. In the first short time step, the maximum form of plate change is achieved. The temperature-dependence of the maximum bending of the plate obeys the extreme law. In the second, substantially longer phase, the plate is straightened. At low temperatures, the residual stationary bending of the plate is 20-30% of the maximum bending value. With increasing temperature, the bending rate of the plate increases and at 320-350oS the phenomenon becomes completely reversible. The mechanism of changing fuel cell form is discussed. As a result of the study, the experimental regularities of the hydrogen-induced form of change of the palladium plate are established, it is determined that a temporary "metal-hydrogen" gradient material is formed at hydrogen saturation and hydrogen concentration stresses always arise. This, in turn, provides for efficient planning and determination of the time of penetration of hydrogen into the metal, controlling the shape change, and allowing the fuel cell to operate. It is determined that the maximum bending of the plate with increasing temperature changes according to the extreme law and in the temperature range 220-260oS the bending reaches the maximum value. It is shown that the maximum bending of the plate is determined by two fundamental properties of the Pd-H system, namely, the diffusion coefficient and the equilibrium solubility of hydrogen in palladium. The scientific novelty is the use of the known material palladium, which in contact with hydrogen becomes a temporary gradient alloy with variable physical properties. It is established that the heat exchange in the plate and the energy equilibrium around the plate are based on the velocity on the heat flux that occurs during reactions in the fuel cells and the heat losses that occur in the fuel cell. The practical importance of the work lies in the possibility of using the developed algorithm in practice in the manufacture of specific devices operating on the basis of a fuel cell - hydrogen, with the possibility of modeling this process in Matlab. But improving the working conditions of fuel cells and hydrogen sensors, because at low temperatures there is a relatively small residual bending of the plate, and accordingly the shape of the fuel cell.