bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital smartpen technology and revitalization of the Myaamia language
Authors: Obonyo Victor , Troy Douglas , Baldwin Daryl , Clarke James
Published: December 2011

The article reports the results of a usability test applying digital smartpen technology and interactive audio booklets to assist the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma in revitalization of the Myaamia language and culture. The usability test was conducted to determine if computer technology such as smartpens can provide an effective tool in the Tribe's home-based education initiative. Previous efforts in the use of computer technology language revitalization are reviewed and found to offer promise. The smartpen technology is reviewed, the interactive booklets and programmed smartpen are described, and usability test results are analyzed. Encouraging findings have led to interest in further development of additional technological tools that could be incorporated into “home learning kits.” Additionally, by interchanging sound files, the smartpen software can be adapted easily to support language revitalization work by other communities.
FPGA technology mapping with encoded libraries and staged priority cuts
Authors: Kennings Andrew , Vorwerk Kristofer , Kundu Arun , Pevzner Val , Fox Andy
Published: December 2011

Technology mapping is an important step in the FPGA CAD flow in which a network of simple gates is converted into a network of logic blocks. This article considers enhancements to a traditional LUT-based mapping algorithm for an FPGA comprised of logic blocks which implement only a subset of functions of up to
k
variables; specifically, the logic block is a partial LUT, but it possesses more inputs than a typical LUT. An analysis of the logic block is presented, and techniques for postmapping area recovery and timing-driven buffer insertion are also described. Numerical results are put forth which substantiate the efficacy of the proposed methods using real circuits mapped to a commercial FPGA architecture.
Compressor tree synthesis on commercial high-performance FPGAs
Authors: Parandeh-Afshar Hadi , Neogy Arkosnato , Brisk Philip , Ienne Paolo
Published: December 2011

Compressor trees are a class of circuits that generalizes multioperand addition and the partial product reduction trees of parallel multipliers using carry-save arithmetic. Compressor trees naturally occur in many DSP applications, such as FIR filters, and, in the more general case, their use can be maximized through the application of high-level transformations to arithmetically intensive data flow graphs. Due to the presence of carry-chains, it has long been thought that trees of 2- or 3-input carry-propagate adders are more efficient than compressor trees for FPGA synthesis; however, this is not the case. This article presents a heuristic for FPGA synthesis of compressor trees that outperforms adder trees and exploits carry-chains when possible. The experimental results show that, on average, the use of compressor trees can reduce critical path delay by 33% and 45% respectively, compared to adder trees synthesized on the Xilinx Virtex-5 and Altera Stratix III FPGAs.
Nrityakosha
Authors: Mallik Anupama , Chaudhury Santanu , Ghosh Hiranmay
Published: December 2011

Preservation of intangible cultural heritage, such as music and dance, requires encoding of background knowledge together with digitized records of the performances. We present an ontology-based approach for designing a cultural heritage repository for that purpose. Since dance and music are recorded in multimedia format, we use Multimedia Web Ontology Language (MOWL) to encode the domain knowledge. We propose an architectural framework that includes a method to construct the ontology with a labeled set of training data and use of the ontology to automatically annotate new instances of digital heritage artifacts. The annotations enable creation of a semantic navigation environment in a cultural heritage repository. We have demonstrated the efficacy of our approach by constructing an ontology for the cultural heritage domain of Indian classical dance, and have developed a browsing application for semantic access to the heritage collection of Indian dance videos.
GPU accelerated CAE using open solvers and the cloud
Authors: Georgescu Serban , Chow Peter
Published: December 2011

After more than five years since GPUs were first used as accelerators for general scientific computations, the field of General Purpose GPU computing or GPGPU has finally reached mainstream. Developers have now access to a mature hardware and software ecosystem. On the software side, several major open-source packages now support GPU acceleration while on the hardware side cloud-based solutions provide a simple way to access powerful machines with the latest GPUs at low cost. In this context, we look at the GPU acceleration of CAE, with a focus on the matrix solvers. We compare the performance that can be achieved using the open-source solver package PETSc ran on GPU-enabled Amazon EC2 hardware with that of an optimized legacy FEM code ran on a last generation 12-core blade server. Our results show that, although good performance can be achieved, some development is still needed to achieve peak performance.
An FPGA-based scalable simulation accelerator for tile architectures
Authors: Takamaeda-Yamazaki Shinya , Sasakawa Ryosuke , Sakaguchi Yoshito , Kise Kenji
Published: December 2011

FPGA-based simulation systems can simulate processor behavior in realistic time. In order to practically simulate tile many-core architectures, we propose ScalableCore for prototyping system development using multiple FPGAs. In this paper, we present an FPGA-based platform called ScalableCore system 1.1, which consists of several simulation tiles named ScalableCore Units. Each tile is connected to four neighbor tiles via interface boards called ScalableCore Boards, and so increasing the target number of cores is easy. We also describe useful techniques by which to achieve high scalability of simulation and to implement complicated hardware functions on an FPGA. The developed system simulates the behavior of a tile architecture with DMA communications and NoC 14.2 times faster than a corresponding software-based functional simulator running on a standard computer with an Intel Core2Duo processor. We verified that the ScalableCore system is cycle-accurate by comparing the simulation behavior on a software-based simulator.
Surviving the end of frequency scaling with reconfigurable dataflow computing
Authors: Pell Oliver , Mencer Oskar
Published: December 2011

Over the past decade x86 processors have come to dominate the world's largest supercomputers. However in the future conventional multicore processors are unlikely to be able to deliver the necessary performance per $ and per W to achieve exascale performance. Heterogeneous computing is emerging as a powerful alternative to conventional multi-core to help address these challenges. In this paper we describe our approach to Maximum Performance Computing - building applicationspecific computers which complement conventional x86 processors with high performance dataflow engines implemented on FPGA to provide 10-100x improvements in performance and performance/W. We describe the MaxCompiler programming system which allows software engineers to create dataflow engines optimized for their particular applications, and discuss an example application that has been accelerated using this methodology.
High speed CRC with 64-bit generator polynomial on an FPGA
Authors: Akagić Amila , Amano Hideharu
Published: December 2011

Deployment of jumbo frame sizes beyond 9000 bytes for storage systems is limited by 32-bit Cyclic Redundancy Checks used by a network protocol. In order to overcome this limitation we study possibility of using 64-bit polynomials in software and hardware, by using fastest multiple lookup tables algorithms for generating CRCs. CRC is a sequential process, thus the software based solutions are limited in throughput by speed and architectural improvements of a single CPU. We study tradeoff between using distributed LUTs and embedded BRAM in hardware implementations. Our results show that BRAM-based approach is the fastest hardware implementation, reaching maximum of 347.37 Gbps while processing 1024 bits at a time, which is 606x faster than the software implementation of the same algorithm running on Xeon 3.2 GHz with 2 MB of L2 cache. The proposed architectures have been implemented on Xilinx Virtex 6 LX550T prototyping device, requiring less than 1% of the device's resources. Our research show that throughput will continue to increase when we increase the number of processed bits at a time.
A biologically plausible real-time spiking neuron simulation environment based on a multiple-FPGA platform
Authors: Yang Shufan , McGinnity T. M.
Published: December 2011

Neurological research has revealed that neurons encode information in the timing of spikes. Spiking neural network simulations are a flexible and powerful method for investigating the behaviour of such neuronal systems. The spiking neuron models which are used in simulations can be described mathematically, but the continuous time involved in mathematical models needs to be replaced by discrete time steps. An alternative approach, hardware implementation, provides the possibility of generating independent spikes precisely and simultaneously output spike waves in real biological time, under the premise that the spiking neural network implemented in hardware can take full advantage of hardware-timed speed and reliability. In this work we propose a multi-layered biologically plausible real-time spiking neural network simulation platform that can be used to emulate the operation of biological neural systems (such as elements of the visual cortex) and computational models of such systems. The implementation of a layered spiking neural network using the Xilinx Virtex-4 family of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is presented.
Augmenting DR-ASIP flexibility through multi-mode custom instructions
Authors: Trouve Antoine , Murakami Kazuaki
Published: December 2011

This paper introduces a simple method called multimode custom instructions, which aims at reducing the power consumption of the register file of tightly coupled dynamically reconfigurable application specific instruction set processors (DR-ASIPs). To this end, it proposes to divide custom instructions into two sets depending on criteria related to their size, distribution and reuse rate. Performance is measured on a RISC DR-ASIP with a subset of MiBench using an original automatic custom instruction generator from assembly based on the dancing link algorithm. The results show that this method makes it possible to drop the accesses to the register file made by CIs by up to 47 % with no performance hit, and to reduce the use of the context memory by up to 40 % compared to a reference architecture.
A discussion on calculating eigenvalues of real symmetric tridiagonal matrices on a GPU
Authors: Matsunobu Kohei , Dohi Keisuke , Shibata Yuichiro , Oguri Kiyoshi
Published: December 2011

While GPUs are attracting attention as an accelerator in wide-ranged application areas, compatibility between the architecture and selected algorithm is important to effectively bring out their potential performance. This paper focuses on eigenvalue calculation from a given real symmetric tridiagonal matrix and compares GPU implementations for the QR method and the bisection method. Implementation for a total of four different GPU architectures are shown and compared to reveal the affinity between algorithms and architectures.
Parallelism Level Impact on Energy Consumption in Reconfigurable Devices
Authors: Bonamy Robin , Chillet Daniel , Sentieys Olivier , Bilavarn Sebastien
Published: December 2011

Nowadays, System-on-Chip architectures are composed of several execution resources which support complex applications. As it shares silicon area and limits the cost of the global circuit, the embedding of a reconfigurable resource in these SoC provides flexibility to the hardware. In this case, several implementations of the same algorithm, offering different characteristics, can be considered in order to optimize performances. In general, the tasks mapped on reconfigurable resources are algorithms that can be defined through several levels of parallelism. Clearly, parallelism directly affects the area and the execution time, this paper shows that the energy consumption is not constant, and decreases when the parallelism grows up.
Invertible syntax descriptions
Authors: Rendel Tillmann , Ostermann Klaus
Published: December 2011

Parsers and pretty-printers for a language are often quite similar, yet both are typically implemented separately, leading to redundancy and potential inconsistency. We propose a new interface of
syntactic descriptions
, with which both parser and pretty-printer can be described as a single program. Whether a syntactic description is used as a parser or as a pretty-printer is determined by the implementation of the interface. Syntactic descriptions enable programmers to describe the connection between concrete and abstract syntax once and for all, and use these descriptions for parsing or pretty-printing as needed. We also discuss the generalization of our programming technique towards an algebra of partial isomorphisms.
A systematic derivation of the STG machine verified in Coq
Authors: Pirog Maciej , Biernacki Dariusz
Published: December 2011

Shared Term Graph (STG) is a lazy functional language used as an intermediate language in the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC). In this article, we present a natural operational semantics for STG and we mechanically derive a lazy abstract machine from this semantics, which turns out to coincide with Peyton-Jones and Salkild's Spineless Tagless G-machine (STG machine) used in GHC. Unlike other constructions of STG-like machines present in the literature, ours is based on a systematic and scalable derivation method (inspired by Danvy et al.'s functional correspondence between evaluators and abstract machines) and it leads to an abstract machine that differs from the original STG machine only in inessential details. In particular, it handles non-trivial update scenarios and partial applications identically as the STG machine.

The entire derivation has been formalized in the Coq proof assistant. Thus, in effect, we provide a machine checkable proof of the correctness of the STG machine with respect to the natural semantics.
Concurrent orchestration in Haskell
Authors: Launchbury John , Elliott Trevor
Published: December 2011

We present a concurrent scripting language embedded in Haskell, emulating the functionality of the Orc orchestration language by providing many-valued (real) non-determinism in the context of concurrent effects. We provide many examples of its use, as well as a brief description of how we use the embedded Orc DSL in practice. We describe the abstraction layers of the implementation, and use the fact that we have a layered approach to demonstrate algebraic properties satisfied by the combinators.
Structural characterization of anhydrous and bishydrated calcium hexafluorosilicate by powder diffraction methods
Authors: Frisoni Simone , Brenna Stefano , Masciocchi Norberto
Published: December 2011

The synthesis and X-ray powder diffraction data for the long-known CaSiF6 and CaSiF6·2H2O species are reported. Their crystal structures have been determined from laboratory powder diffraction data by simulated annealing and full-profile Rietveld refinement methods. CaSiF6·2H2O was found to crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n space group with unit-cell parameters: a = 10.48107(9), b = 9.18272(7), c = 5.72973(5) Å, β = 98.9560(6)°, V = 544.733(8) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure of CaSiF6·2H2O, eventually found to be isomorphous with SrSiF6·2H2O (but not with the Mg analogue—a hexahydrate phase), contains centrosymmetric [Ca(μ-H2O)2Ca]4+ dimers, interconnected by hexafluorosilicate anions, in a dense 3D framework. The crystal structure is completed by a further water molecule, terminally bound to the Ca2+ ion, which, consequently, attains a F5O3 octacoordination. Thermodiffractometric measurements allowed the determination of the linear and volumetric thermal expansion coefficients of CaSiF6·2H2O, which showed a minor contraction, along a, on heating. CaSiF6 is trigonal, space group R-3, a = 5.3497(3), c = 13.5831(11) Å, V = 336.66(5) Å3, and Z = 3, and isomorphous with several other species of MIIAIVF6 or MIAVF6 formulation, among which several silicates, germanates, and stannates.
X-ray powder diffraction data for (1R, 5S, 7R)-7-[(S)-4-tert-Butyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole-2-yl] -1,5,7-trimethyl-3-azabicyclo-[3.3.1]-nonane-2,4-dione, a new chiral Kemp’s acid diamide
Authors: Pažout R. , Maixner J. , Přech J. , Kačer P.
Published: December 2011

X-ray powder diffraction data, unit-cell parameters and space group for a new chiral Kemp’s acid diamide, C18H28N2O3, are reported [a = 12.456(2) Å, b = 12.471(2) Å, c = 12.088(2) Å, β = 99.003(2)°, unit-cell volume V = 1854,48 Å3, Z = 4, space group P21]. All measured lines were indexed and are consistent with the P21 space group. No detectable impurity was observed.
Synthesis and X-ray diffraction data of 6,8-dimethyl-cis-2-vinyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-4-ol and 8-chloro-9-methyl-cis-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-4-ol
Authors: Macías M. A. , Henao J. A. , Acosta Lina María , Palma Alirio
Published: December 2011

The 6,8-dimethyl-cis-2-vinyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-4-ol (2a) (Chemical formula C14H19NO) and 8-chloro-9-methyl-cis-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-4-ol (2b) (Chemical formula C14H18ClNO) were prepared via the reductive cleavage of the bridged N-O bond of the corresponding 1,4-epoxytetrahydro-1-benzazepines. The X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the new compounds were obtained. The compound 2a was found to crystallize in an orthorhombic system with space group Pmn21 (No. 31), refined unit-cell parameters a = 19.422(6) Å, b = 6.512(3) Å, c = 9.757(4) Å and V = 1234.0(5) Å3. The compound 2b was found to crystallize in a monoclinic system with space group P21/m (No. 11), refined unit-cell parameters a = 17.570(4) Å, b = 8.952(3) Å, c = 14.985(4) Å, β = 101.66(2)°, and V = 2308.3(9) Å3.
The anion-excess fluorite structure of β-Pb1−xFexF2+x(0.25 ≤ x ≤ 0.27)
Authors: Bail A. Le
Published: December 2011

The fluorite-related anion-excess β-Pb1−xFexF2+x (0.25 ≤ x ≤ 0.27) orthorhombic crystal structure is approached from powder diffraction data. A 1 × 1 × 2 fluorite supercell is found to describe the main aspects of the structure, which would have ideally the Pb3FeF9 formula (x = 0.25) (space group Cmmm, a = 5.9926(1), b = 5.5781(1), c = 11.5208(3) Å), and would include a complete [FeF4]∝−1 perovskite plane, orthogonal to the c axis. However, there is large Pb substitution (44%) on the perovskite Fe site as well as Fe substitution (∼25%) on one of the two main Pb sites. A strong relationship with the fully ordered crystal structure of Pb8MnFe2F24, which can be expressed as Pb1−xMxF2+2/3x (x = 0.273), is discussed, suggesting that both phases may have infinite [M3F14]∝ ribbons in common.
Crystal structure determination of the silver carboxylate dimer [Ag(O2C22H43)]2, silver behenate, using powder X-ray diffraction methods
Authors: Blanton Thomas N. , Rajeswaran Manju , Stephens Peter W. , Whitcomb David R. , Misture Scott T. , Kaduk James A.
Published: December 2011

High-resolution powder X-ray diffraction has been used to determine the crystal structure of silver behenate, [Ag(O2C(CH2)20CH3]2. Using CASTEP density functional plane wave pseudopotential techniques to obtain an optimized structural model, Rietveld refinement of the structure givesRwp= 8.66%. The unit cell is triclinic, space groupP1, with cell dimensions ofa= 4.1769(2) Å,b= 4.7218(2) Å,c= 58.3385(1) Å, α = 89.440(3)°,β= 89.634(3)°,γ= 75.854(1)°. The structure is characterized by an 8-membered ring dimer of Ag atoms and carboxyl groups with a fully extended all-trans configuration of the alkyl side chains. The dimers are joined by four-membered Ag-O rings creating a polymeric network, giving rise to one-dimensional chains along theb-axis. This structure is supported by EXAFS measurements of the local structure around the silver atoms and IR measurements.
Charaterisation of function spaces via mollification; fractal quantities for distributions
Authors: Triebel Hans
Published: December 2011

The aim of this paper is twofold. First we characterise elements f belonging to the Besov spaces with s ∈ ℝ,   0 < p ≤ ∞,   0 < q ≤ ∞, in terms of their mollifications. Secondly we use these results to study multifractal quantities for distributions generalising well‐known corresponding quantities for Radon measures.
A trace inequality for generalized potentials in Lebesgue spaces with variable exponent
Authors: Edmunds David E. , Kokilashvili Vakhtang , Meskhi Alexander
Published: December 2011

A trace inequality for the generalized Riesz potentials Iα(x) is established in spaces Lp(x) defined on spaces of homogeneous type. The results are new even in the case of Euclidean spaces. As a corollary a criterion for a two‐weighted inequality in classical Lebesgue spaces for potentials Iα(x) defined on fractal sets is derived.
Note on the paper “Regulated domains and Bergman type projections”
Authors: Taskinen Jari
Published: December 2011

We show that the sufficient condition of the above mentioned paper is also necessary for the boundedness of Bergman type projections on a class of regulated domains.
Pseudodifferential operators on α‐modulation spaces
Authors: Borup Lasse
Published: December 2011

We study expansions of pseudodifferential operators from the Hörmander class in a special family of functions called brushlets. We prove that such operators have a sparse representation in a brushlet system. Using this sparsity, we show that a pseudodifferential operator extends to a bounded operator between α‐modulation spaces. These spaces were introduced by Gröbner in [15]. They are, in some sense, intermediate spaces between the classical Besov and Modulation spaces.
On the measure of non‐compactness of maximal operators
Authors: Oniani Georgi G.
Published: December 2011

In one of the previous articles of the author it was proved that if B is a convex quasi‐density measurable basis and E is a symmetric space on with respect to the Lebesgue measure, then there do not exist non‐orthogonal weights w and v for which the maximal operator MB corresponding to B acts compactly from the weight space Ew to the weight space Ev. Here it is given the generalization of this result, in particular, it is estimated from below the measure of non‐compactness of the mentioned operators.
On small Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Capone Claudia , Fiorenza Alberto
Published: December 2011

We consider a generalized version of the small Lebesgue spaces, introduced in [5] as the associate spaces of the grand Lebesgue spaces. We find a simplified expression for the norm, prove relevant properties, compute the fundamental function and discuss the comparison with the Orlicz spaces.
The random Wigner distribution of Gaussian stochastic processes with covariance in S0(ℝ2d)
Authors: Wahlberg Patrik
Published: December 2011

The paper treats time‐frequency analysis of scalar‐valued zero mean Gaussian stochastic processes on ℝd. We prove that if the covariance function belongs to the Feichtinger algebra S0(ℝ2d) then: (i) the Wigner distribution and the ambiguity function of the process exist as finite variance stochastic Riemann integrals, each of which defines a stochastic process on ℝ2d, (ii) these stochastic processes on ℝ2d are Fourier transform pairs in a certain sense, and (iii) Cohen′s class, ie convolution of the Wigner process by a deterministic function Φ ∈ C(ℝ2d), gives a finite variance process, and if Φ ∈ S0(ℝ2d) then W∗Φ can be expressed multiplicatively in the Fourier domain.
Infinite‐dimensional projected dynamics and the 1‐dimensional obstacle problem
Authors: Cojocaru Monica-Gabriela
Published: December 2011

In this paper we present a direct application of the theory of infinite‐dimensional projected dynamical systems (PDS) related to the well‐known obstacle problem, i.e., the problem of determining the shape of an elastic string stretched over a body (obstacle). While the obstacle problem is static in nature and is solved via variational inequalities theory, we show here that the dynamic problem of describing the vibration movement of the string around the obstacle is solved via the infinite‐dimensional theory of projected dynamical systems.
Characterizations of inner product spaces by orthogonal vectors
Authors: Baronti Marco , Casini Emanuele
Published: December 2011

Let X be a real normed space with unit closed ball B. We prove that X is an inner product space if and only if it is true that whenever x, y are
points in ?B such that the line through x and y supports B then x?y in
the sense of Birkhoff.
Generalized weighted Besov spaces on the Bessel hypergroup
Authors: Assal Miloud , Ben Abdallah Hacen
Published: December 2011

In this paper we study generalized weighted Besov type spaces on the Bessel‐Kingman hypergroup. We give different characterizations of these spaces in terms of generalized convolution with a kind of smooth functions and by means of generalized translation operators. Also a discrete norm is given to obtain more general properties on these spaces.
On the uniform exponential stability of linear skew‐product semiflows
Authors: Preda Ciprian
Published: December 2011

The problem of uniform exponential stability of linear skew‐product semiflows on locally compact metric space with Banach fibers, is discussed. It is established a connection between the uniform exponential stability of linear skewproduct semiflows and some admissibility‐type condition. This approach is based on the method of “test functions”, using a very large class of function spaces, the so‐called Orlicz spaces.
A description of the Stone space of Banach lattice C(K,E)
Authors: Ercan Zafer
Published: December 2011

We give a topological description of the Stone space of C(K,E), Banach lattices of continuous functions from a compact Hausdorff space K into a Banach lattice E.
Bloch spaces of holomorphic functions in the polydisk
Authors: Harutyunyan Anahit
Published: December 2011

This work is an introduction to anisotropic spaces of holomorphic functions, which have ω‐weight and are generalizations of Bloch spaces to a polydisc. We prove that these classes form an algebra and are invariant with respect to monomial multiplication. Some theorems on projection and diagonal mapping are proved. We establish a description of (or via the Bloch classes for all 0 < p ≤ 1.
Trace theorems for Sobolev‐Slobodeckij spaces with or without weights
Authors: Kim Doyoon
Published: December 2011

We prove that the well‐known trace theorem for weighted Sobolev spaces holds true under minimal regularity assumptions on the domain. Using this result, we prove the existence of a bounded linear right inverse of the trace operator for Sobolev‐Slobodeckij spaces when s − 1/p is an integer.
On an abstract nonlinear second order integrodifferential equation
Authors: Dhakne M. B. , Lamb G. B.
Published: December 2011

The aim of the present paper is to study the global existence of solutions of nonlinear second order integrodifferential equation in Banach space. Our analysis is based on an application of the Leray‐Schauder alternative and rely on a priori bounds of solutions.
A convolution type characterization for Lp ‐ multipliers for the Heisenberg group
Authors: Radha R. , Vijayarajan A.K.
Published: December 2011

It is well known that if m is an Lp ‐ multiplier for the Fourier transform on ℝn(1 < p < ∞) , then there exists a pseudomeasure σ such that Tmf   = σ*f. A similar result is proved for the group Fourier transform on the Heisenberg group Hn. Though this result is already known in generality for amenable groups, a simple proof is provided in this paper.
The maximal operator in weighted variable spaces Lp(⋅)
Authors: Kokilashvili Vakhtang , Samko Natasha , Samko Stefan
Published: December 2011

We study the boundedness of the maximal operator in the weighted spaces Lp(⋅)(ρ) over a bounded open set Ω in the Euclidean space ℝn or a Carleson curve Γ in a complex plane. The weight function may belong to a certain version of a general Muckenhoupt‐type condition, which is narrower than the expected Muckenhoupt condition for variable exponent, but coincides with the usual Muckenhoupt class Ap in the case of constant p. In the case of Carleson curves there is also considered another class of weights of radial type of the form , tk ∈ Γ, where wk has the property that , where is a certain Zygmund‐Bari‐Stechkin‐type class. It is assumed that the exponent p(t) satisfies the Dini–Lipschitz condition. For such radial type weights the final statement on the boundedness is given in terms of the index numbers of the functions wk (similar in a sense to the Boyd indices for the Young functions defining Orlich spaces).
Initial value problems for first order impulsive integro‐differential equations of Volterra type in Banach spaces
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Yu Yajuan , Postolică Vasile
Published: December 2011

In this paper, we use a new method and combining the partial ordering method to study the existence of the solutions for the first order nonlinear impulsive integro‐differential equations of Volterra type on finite interval in Banach spaces and for the first order nonlinear impulsive integro‐differential equations of Volterra type on infinite interval with infinite number impulsive times in Banach spaces. By introducing an interim space and using progressive estimation method, some restrictive conditions on impulsive terms, used before, such as, prior estimation, noncompactness measure estimations are deleted.
On anisotropic Triebel‐Lizorkin type spaces, with applications to the study of pseudo‐differential operators
Authors: Borup Lasse , Nielsen Morten
Published: December 2011

A construction of Triebel‐Lizorkin type spaces associated with flexible decompositions of the frequency space ℝd is considered. The class of admissible frequency decompositions is generated by a one parameter group of (anisotropic) dilations on ℝd and a suitable decomposition function. The decomposition function governs the structure of the decomposition of the frequency space, and for a very particular choice of decomposition function the spaces are reduced to classical (anisotropic) Triebel‐Lizorkin spaces. An explicit atomic decomposition of the Triebel‐Lizorkin type spaces is provided, and their interpolation properties are studied. As the main application, we consider Hörmander type classes of pseudo‐differential operators adapted to the anisotropy and boundedness of such operators between corresponding Triebel‐Lizorkin type spaces is proved.
An estimate for the best constant in the Lp‐Wirtinger inequality with weights
Authors: Giova Raffaella
Published: December 2011

We prove an estimate for the best constant C in the following Wirtinger type inequality .
Boundedness of several operators on weighted Herz spaces
Authors: Komori Yasuo , Matsuoka Katsuo
Published: December 2011

We consider the boundedness of singular integral operators and
fractional integral operators on weighted Herz spaces. For this purpose we
introduce generalized Herz space. Our results are the best possible.
On Bellman‐Golubov theorems for the Riemann‐Liouville operators
Authors: Zung Pham Tien
Published: December 2011

Superposition of Fourier transform with the Riemann ‐ Liouville operators is studied.
A Beurling‐Helson type theorem for modulation spaces
Authors: Okoudjou Kasso A.
Published: December 2011

We prove a Beurling‐Helson type theorem on modulation spaces.
More precisely, we show that the only 𝒞1 changes of variables that leave invariant
the modulation spaces ℳp,q(ℝd) are affine functions on ℝd. A special case of our
result involving the Sjöstrand algebra was considered earlier by A. Boulkhemair.
Summability of a Tchebysheff system of functions
Authors: Abdikalikova Z. T. , Kalybay A. A.
Published: December 2011

We consider a special type of Tchebysheff systems of functions and defined on the intervals (0, 1] and [1,+∞), respectively, such that and . We find necessary and sufficient conditions under which functions from the investigated systems belong to the corresponding Lebesgue spaces Lp(0, 1) and Lp(1,+∞). In order to prove the main results we obtain lower and upper estimates of these functions that are of independent interest.
On Hilbert extensions of Weierstrass′ theorem with weights
Authors: Quintana Yamilet
Published: December 2011

In this paper we study the set of ℊ‐valued functions which can be approximated by ℊ‐valued continuous functions in the norm , where I ⊂ ℝ is a compact interval, ℊ is a separable real Hilbert space and w is a certain ℊ‐valued weakly measurable weight. Thus, we obtain a new extension of the celebrated Weierstrass approximation theorem.
Cytoprotective Effect ofMorinda tinctoriaRoxb. against Surgical and Chemical Factor Induced Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers in Rats
Authors: Sivaraman D. , Muralidharan P.
Published: December 2011

The present paper relates to the pharmacological validation of the antiulcer efficacy of ethanol leaf extract ofMorinda tinctoriaRoxb. (EEMT) against aspirin pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer model and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in Wistar rats. Oral administration of EEMT at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly prevented the occurrence of aspirin pyloric ligation and cysteamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration. The volume and acidity of gastric juice in pyloric ligated rats were significantly () reduced by EEMT. There was a significant decrease in the number of ulcers, and its severity in both the models proved the ulcer protective activity of EEMT. Administration of extract at both dose levels has shown a significant increase in potassium and sodium ion concentration in the gastric juice of pylorus ligation group. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that EEMT possessing antiulcer activity may be due to the modulation of defensive factors by improvement in gastric cytoprotection.
Autism in Developing Countries: Lessons from Iran
Authors: Samadi Sayyed Ali , McConkey Roy
Published: December 2011

Most research into Autism Spectrum Disorders has been conducted in affluent English-speaking countries which have extensive professional support services. This paper describes a series of investigations that was undertaken in Iran, and these findings, together with reviews of research in other low-income countries, are used to identify key lessons in three areas of service provision of particular relevance to developing countries with scarce professional resources: first, the issues to be considered in establishing the prevalence of the condition nationally; second, identification of parental understanding of ASD and the impact it has on them as carers; third, the education and training that could be provided to families when professional supports are sparse. It is concluded that culturally sensitive, parental support strategies must be central to the planning and development of services. Moreover, future research should further elucidate the needs of families and evaluate the impact of culturally tailored interventions designed to promote the children’s development and overall family quality of life.
A Fubini Theorem in Riesz spaces for the Kurzweil‐Henstock Integral
Authors: Boccuto A. , Candeloro D. , Sambucini A. R.
Published: December 2011

A Fubini‐type theorem is proved, for the Kurzweil‐Henstock integral of Riesz‐space‐valued functions defined on (not necessarily bounded) subrectangles of the “extended” real plane.
Preparation of hcp and fcc Ni and Ni/NiO Nanoparticles Using a Citric Acid Assisted Pechini-Type Method
Authors: García-Cerda L. A. , Bernal-Ramos K. M. , Montemayor Sagrario M. , Quevedo-López M. A. , Betancourt-Galindo R. , Bueno-Báques D.
Published: December 2011

The preparation and characterization of hcp and fcc Ni and Ni/NiO nanoparticles is reported. Ni and Ni/NiO nanoparticles were obtained starting from a precursor material prepared using a citric assisted Pechini-type method and, then, followed by a calcination of the precursor in air at either 400 or 600°C for different times. The precursor was analyzed using thermogravimetric and differential thermal methods (TGA-DTA), and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and vibrational sample magnetometry. Nanoparticles showed a phase transformation for Ni from hcp to fcc and/or to fcc NiO structure as the calcination time increased. The influence of the phase transition and the formation of NiO on the magnetic properties of the samples are discussed.
A New Approach to the Design of Helical Shape Memory Alloy Spring Actuators
Authors: Khan Esuff , Srinivasan Sivakumar M.
Published: December 2011

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are smart materials that have the ability to recover their original shape by eliminating residual deformations, when subjected to adequate temperature rise (Shape memory effect). This special behavior attracts the use of SMAs as efficient stroke/force actuators. Most of the engineering applications require helical springs as actuators and proper design of SMA helical spring actuators is very important. In the traditional design approach of SMA spring (Waram, 1993), only strain between linear zones was considered in order to simplify the design and to improve the fatigue life. Only modulus difference between high-temperature and low-temperature phase was utilized, and the transformation strain was not considered as the total transformation strain will be more and will degrade the performance of actuator. In the present design, we have shown that transformation strain can be restricted by using hard stops and the partial transformation strain can be used to improving the capacity of SMA spring actuator. A comparison of the traditional design approach of SMA spring and the proposed design procedure has been made to give an idea of its effect on the design and the related parameters.
Malnutrition in Patients with Acute Stroke
Authors: Bouziana Stella D. , Tziomalos Konstantinos
Published: December 2011

Stroke is a devastating event that carries a potential for long-term disability. Malnutrition is frequently observed in patients with stroke, and dysphagia contributes to malnutrition risk. During both the acute phase of stroke and rehabilitation, specific nutritional interventions in the context of a multidisciplinary team effort can enhance the recovery of neurocognitive function. Early identification and management of malnutrition with dietary modifications or specific therapeutic strategies to ensure adequate nutritional intake should receive more attention, since poor nutritional status appears to exacerbate brain damage and to contribute to adverse outcome. The main purpose of nutritional intervention should be the prevention or treatment of complications resulting from energy-protein deficit. This paper reviews the evaluation and management of malnutrition and the use of specialized nutrition support in patients with stroke. Emphasis is given to enteral tube and oral feeding and to strategies to wean from tube feeding.
A K-Band RF-MEMS-Enabled Reconfigurable and Multifunctional Low-Noise Amplifier Hybrid Circuit
Authors: Malmqvist R. , Samuelsson C. , Gustafsson A. , Rantakari P. , Reyaz S. , Vähä-Heikkilä T. , Rydberg A. , Varis J. , Smith D. , Baggen R.
Published: December 2011

A K-band (18–26.5 GHz) RF-MEMS-enabled reconfigurable and multifunctional dual-path LNA hybrid circuit (optimised for lowest/highest possible noise figure/linearity, resp.) is presented, together with its subcircuit parts. The two MEMS-switched low-NF (higher gain) and high-linearity (lower gain) LNA circuits (paths) present 16.0 dB/8.2 dB, 2.8 dB/4.9 dB and 15 dBm/20 dBm of small-signal gain, noise figure, and 1 dB compression point at 24 GHz, respectively. Compared with the two (fixed) LNA subcircuits used within this design, the MEMS-switched LNA circuit functions show minimum 0.6–1.3 dB higher NF together with similar values ofP1 dBat 18–25 GHz. The gain of one LNA circuit path is reduced by 25–30 dB when the MEMS switch and active circuitry used within in the same switching branch are switched off to select the other LNA path and minimise power consumption.
Existence of Solutions of a Riccati Differential System from a General Cumulant Control Problem
Authors: Liberty Stanley R. , Mou Libin
Published: December 2011

We study a system of infinitely many Riccati equations that arise from a cumulant control problem, which is a generalization of regulator problems, risk‐sensitive controls, minimal cost variance controls, and k‐cumulant controls. We obtain estimates for the existence intervals of solutions of the system. In particular, new existence conditions are derived for solutions on the horizon of the cumulant control problem.
Masquerade Syndrome of Multicentre Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Authors: Guerriero Silvana , Giancipoli Ermete , Ciracì Lorenza , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Prete Marcella , Di Leo Elisabetta , Cimmino Antonietta , Cardascia Nicola
Published: December 2011

Purpose. In Italy we say that the most unlucky things can happen to physicians when they get sick, despite the attention of colleagues. To confirm this rumor, we report the sad story of a surgeon with bilateral vitreitis and glaucoma unresponsive to traditional therapies.Methods/Design. Case report.Results. After one year of steroidal and immunosuppressive therapy, a vitrectomy, and a trabeculectomy for unresponsive bilateral vitreitis and glaucoma, MRI showed a multicentre primary central nervous system lymphoma, which was the underlying cause of the masquerade syndrome.Conclusions. All ophthalmologists and clinicians must be aware of masquerade syndromes, in order to avoid delays in diagnosis.
A New High-Performance Digital FM Modulator and Demodulator for Software-Defined Radio and Its FPGA Implementation
Authors: Hatai Indranil , Chakrabarti Indrajit
Published: December 2011

This paper deals with an FPGA implementation of a high performance FM modulator and demodulator for software defined radio (SDR) system. The individual component of proposed FM modulator and demodulator has been optimized in such a way that the overall design consists of a high-speed, area optimized and low-power features. The modulator and demodulator contain an optimized direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) based on quarter-wave symmetry technique for generating the carrier frequency with spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of more than 64 dB. The FM modulator uses pipelined version of the DDFS to support the up conversion in the digital domain. The proposed FM modulator and demodulator has been implemented and tested using XC2VP30-7ff896 FPGA as a target device and can operate at a maximum frequency of 334.5 MHz and 131 MHz involving around 1.93 K and 6.4 K equivalent gates for FM modulator and FM demodulator respectively. After applying a 10 KHz triangular wave input and by setting the system clock frequency to 100 MHz using Xpower the power has been calculated. The FM modulator consumes 107.67 mW power while FM demodulator consumes 108.67 mW power for the same input running at same data rate.
Gait Rehabilitation Device in Central Nervous System Disease: A Review
Authors: Kubo Kazuya , Miyoshi Takanori , Kanai Akira , Terashima Kazuhiko
Published: December 2011

Central nervous system diseases cause the gait disorder. Early rehabilitation of a patient with central nervous system disease is shown to be benefit. However, early gait training is difficult because of muscular weakness and those elderly patients who lose of leg muscular power. In the patient's walking training, therapists assist the movement of patient's lower limbs and control the movement of patient's lower limbs. However the assistance for the movement of the lower limbs is a serious hard labor for therapists. Therefore, research into and development of various gait rehabilitation devices is currently underway to identify methods to alleviate the physical burden on therapists. In this paper, we introduced the about gait rehabilitation devices in central nervous system disease.
The C‐Version Segal‐Bargmann Transform for Finite Coxeter Groups Defined by the Restriction Principle
Authors: Sontz Stephen Bruce
Published: December 2011

We apply a special case, the restriction principle (for which we give a definition simpler than the usual one), of a basic result in functional analysis (the polar decomposition of an operator) in order to define Cμ,t, the C‐version of the Segal‐Bargmann transform, associated with a finite Coxeter group acting in ℝN and a given value t > 0 of Planck′s constant, where μ is a multiplicity function on the roots defining the Coxeter group. Then we immediately prove that Cμ,t is a unitary isomorphism. To accomplish this we identify the reproducing kernel function of the appropriate Hilbert space of holomorphic functions. As a consequence we prove that the Segal‐Bargmann transforms for Versions A, B, and D are also unitary isomorphisms though not by a direct application of the restriction principle. The point is that the C‐version is the only version where a restriction principle, in our definition of this method, applies directly. This reinforces the idea that the C‐version is the most fundamental, most natural version of the Segal‐Bargmann transform.
Free Vibration of Laminated Composite Hypar Shell Roofs with Cutouts
Authors: Sahoo Sarmila
Published: December 2011

Use of laminated composites in civil engineering structural components including shell roofs is increasing day by day due to their light weight, high specific strength, and stiffness properties. In the present paper, laminated composite hypar shell (hyperbolic paraboloidal shells bounded by straight edges) roofs with cutouts are analyzed for their free vibration characteristics using finite element method. An eight‐noded curved shell element is used for modeling the shell. Specific numerical problems of earlier investigators are solved to compare their results with the present formulation. A number of problems are further solved where the size of the cutouts and their positions with respect to the shell centre are varied for different edge constraints. The results are furnished in the form of figures and tables. The results are examined thoroughly to arrive at some meaningful conclusions useful to designers.
Role of Mindin in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Murakoshi Maki , Gohda Tomohito , Tanimoto Mitsuo , Funabiki Kazuhiko , Horikoshi Satoshi , Tomino Yasuhiko
Published: December 2011

A number of studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines have important roles in determining the development of microvascular diabetic complications, including nephropathy. Inflammatory biomarkers should be useful for diagnosis or monitoring of diabetic nephropathy. Mindin (spondin 2) is a member of the mindin-/F-spondin family of secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Recent studies showed that mindin is essential for initiation of innate immune response and represents a unique pattern-recognition molecule in the ECM. Previously, we demonstrated that the levels of urinary mindin in patients with type 2 diabetes were higher than those in healthy individuals. We propose that urinary mindin is a potent biomarker for the development of diabetic nephropathy.
Organic Solid Acid/NaNO2: An Efficient System for the Oxidation of Urazoles and Bis-Urazoles under Mild and Heterogeneous Conditions
Authors: Chehardoli Gholamabbas , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Rasouli Mohsen , Mallakpour Shadpour
Published: December 2011

Various organic solid acids/NaNO2 were used as effective oxidizing agents for the oxidation of urazoles and bis-urazoles to their corresponding triazolinediones under mild and heterogeneous conditions at room temperature with good-to-excellent yields.