bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic test of thorax computed tomography scanning in lung tumors against cytopathological results at Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia period June - August 2018
Authors: Iqbalawaty Indrita , Yani Muhammad , Machillah Nurul , Fajriah Fajriah , Abdullah Asnawi , Ilzana Teuku Muhammad , Rahmi Cut Rizka , Khaled Teuku Muhammad , Purnamasari Dara
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Lung cancer which is a major cause of cancer deaths provides a perspective on the importance of the diagnosis of cancer since there is suspicion that influences the clinical diagnosis of lung cancer. Imaging modalities such as the use of contrast CT-Scan are very helpful in giving initial imaging before confirming cytopathological examination. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the diagnostic tests possessed by CT-Scan compared to the gold standard cytopathological examination in patients with clinical diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods: This study used a diagnostic study design with a retrospective approach at Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh-Indonesia during the period June - August 2018. Analysis of diagnostic tests using cross-tabulation then calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive calculations value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR +), negative likelihood ratio (LR-), and accuracy were performed.Results: Most CT-scan findings were pulmonary mass (59.3%) and the most cytopathological findings were squamous cell carcinoma (47.5%). The CT-Scan diagnostic test value compared with the gold standard cytopathological examination in the form of sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, LR +, LR-, and accuracy was 75%, 30.4%, 64.4%, 50%, 0.054, 0.822 and 61% respectively.Conclusion: Lung cancer could manifest as a wide spectrum of radiological presentations. CT-Scan provide a high sensitivity and accuracy of diagnostic in person with clinical presentation of lung cancer.Â
Albumin and leukocyte: pre-operative factors for advanced management in pleural empyema?
Authors: Habibie Yopie Afriandi , Hamdani Khalis
Published: April 2020

Background: Surgical intervention such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has shown the benefit of reducing morbidity and mortality in the management of pleural empyema. The objective of the study was to investigate preoperative factors that could predict the need for VATS rather than chest tube thoracostomy.Methods: This is retrospective observational study of consecutive patients diagnosed with pleural empyema admitted to the Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh in period of 2015 to 2017. The demographic, clinical dan laboratory data of the patients were evaluated from hospital medical records.Results: A total of 48 consecutive patients were identified. The mean age of the patients was 34.3 Â± 20.4 years; and 31 (64.6%) were male. Twenty-six patients underwent VATS decortication and twenty-two patients underwent chest tube thoracostomy. Patient demographics were similar between VATS decortication and chest tube thoracostomy group. The significant preoperative factors associated with the VATS were serum albumin level and leukocytes (p <0.05). The mean serum albumin level was 2.81 Â± 0.44 g/dL for the VATS decortication group vs 3.06 Â± 0.41 g/dL for the chest tube thoracostomy group (p = 0.047). In addition, serum leukocyte level was higher in VATS decortication group compared to chest tube thoracostomy group (21,600 mm-3 vs 12,900 mm-3; p = 0.024).Conclusion: We demonstrate that a low serum albumin level or an elevated leukocyte level may represent as preoperative factors in which surgical treatment may be required in the management of pleural empyema.
The out of pocket payments in low and middle-income countries and the affecting factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nemati Esmat , Nosratnejad Shirin , Doshmangir Leila , Zarea Gavgani Vahideh
Published: April 2020

Introduction:Â The out of pocket (OOP) payment is the most important source of health system financial support in low and middle-income countriesÂ (LMICs); therefore, considering and controlling health expenses are pivotal issues. The present study aimed to determine the households OOP payments inÂ LMICs.Method:Â Electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were searched systematically in September 2015. Relevant papers on OOP payment inÂ LMICsÂ were included in the study. OOP payment was estimated as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and household final consumption expenditureÂ per capita in every country.Results:Â Seventeen papers out of 3714 were included in the study. Eight studies were conducted in low-income countries, eight in middle-income countries, and one in both low and middle-income countries. The mean OOP payment as a percentage of households final consumption expenditureÂ inÂ LMICsÂ was 0.67(Î±= 0.000, CI: 0.35-1.003) and the mean of OOP payment as a percentage of GDP in these countries was 1.65(Î±=0.000, CI: 1.57-1.72).Conclusion:Â The households inÂ LMICsÂ face high levels of OOP payment. Therefore, many challenges must be overcome in financial support of health sectors. Health system policies and strategies are necessary to reform interventions in financing resources and purchasing health care services.
Ulama Network of North Sumatera in Developing Islam in North Sumatera
Authors: Tarigan Azhari Akmal , Nurhayati N. , Nasution M. Syukri Albani
Published: April 2020

North Sumatera Islam is often left out of Nusantara Islāmic studies. North Sumatera has not become a serious concern of the reviewers of the Islāmic history of the archipelago due to several things. First, North Sumatera Islam is understood as a continuation of Aceh Islam. Secondly, it could be that there is a suspicion that North Sumatera has been identified as a Christian territory from the beginning, although this argument is not strong. This study aims to find out about the communication between fellow scholars in developing science in North Sumatera. Then researchers will look at the role of educational institutions in the development of Islam in North Sumatera. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research, which aims to understand social problems, events, the role of interaction, and community groups. The qualitative approach is used by focusing on the social conditions surrounding the existence of the Ulama, who lived in his day, which became the basis in compiling the historical events of the ulama network in the development of Islam in North Sumatera in the XX century. The results of this study are; first, the scientific network among fellow North Sumatera scholars is very good; it shows from the shape of the education system. This can be seen in connection with his teachers in the Middle East. Secondly, the role of Islāmic boarding schools Musthafawiyah and Maktab  Islamiyah is very important, including as a producer of scholars in North Sumatera and a center for the study and development of Islamic Law studies in the midst of society.
Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation Surgery With BioOss Mixed With Enamel Matrix Derivative: A Human Randomized Controlled Clinical and Histologic Study
Authors: Vincent-Bugnas Séverine , Charbit Yves , Charbit Mathieu , Dard Michel , Pippenger Benjamin
Published: April 2020

Xenograft bone substitutes are commonly used to increase bone volume and height in the deficient posterior maxilla. The addition of enamel matrix derivate (Emdogain) could increase the efficiency of the bone healing process. The aim of this prospective randomized, controlled split-mouth design study was to compare the percentage of newly formed bone in sinus floor augmentation with deproteinized bovine bone mineral with or without the addition of enamel matrix derivative after 6 months of healing. Sixteen bilateral sinus floor augmentation procedures were performed. Deproteinized bovine bone mineral combined with enamel matrix derivative (test) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral alone (control) groups were randomly allocated within each patient. Six months after augmentation and concurrent to implant placement, bone biopsies were taken for histomorphometric analysis. Additionally, implant survival and peri-implant bone levels were radiographically assessed at baseline and 24 months after functional loading. Histomorphometric analysis revealed a significantly higher amount of newly formed bone in the test group compared with the control group (22.6% and 15.5%, respectively; P = .033). No significant differences in the amount of remaining graft or connective tissue was found. Enamel matrix derivative added to deproteinized bovine bone mineral particles significantly increased new bone formation in sinus lift procedures in edentulous or partially edentulous patients with deficient bilateral posterior alveolar ridges requiring augmentation for implant placement.
The Effectiveness of Waist-Shaped and Straight-Shaped Interdental Brushes in Cleaning Implant Overdenture Attachments: A Self-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Chen Qiuwen , Ge Yanjun , Chai Jinyou , Feng Hailan , Liu Jianzhang , Pan Shaoxia
Published: April 2020

Elderly patients often find it challenging to remove plaque accumulated on the attachments of implant overdentures (IODs) using conventional cleaning instruments. Further, excessive plaque accumulation can lead to peri-implant diseases and occasionally to respiratory diseases. Therefore, here, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of waist-shaped interdental brushes (WIBs) with that of straight-shaped interdental brushes (SIBs) in plaque removal from the locator attachments of IODs. Twenty participants with 2 locator attachments retaining mandibular IODs participated in this study. After the baseline cleaning, the participants refrained from oral hygiene maintenance for 3 days. A dentist cleaned 1 of the attachments using the WIB and the other attachment using the SIB. The pre- and post-cleaning modified plaque index (mPLI) scores were recorded. After another 3 days free from oral hygiene maintenance, the trained participants repeated the same cleaning procedure using the WIB and SIB. Pre- and post-cleaning mPLI scores were recorded. Regardless of the type of brush used, the post-cleaning mPLI scores were lower than the pre-cleaning scores. After the cleaning procedure, the overall mean mPLI score was lower in the WIB group than in the SIB group. The post-cleaning mPLI scores at the line angles and on the axial surfaces of the attachments were also lower in the WIB group than in the SIB group. There was no difference in the cleaning effectiveness between the dentist and participants when they used the same type of interdental brush. The WIB was significantly more efficient in plaque removal than the SIB, especially at the line-angle sites.
Modern Approaches to Implementing Change Strategies in Scientific Organizations
Authors: Maltseva Anna , Klyushnikova Elena , Bedenko Nadezhda
Published: April 2020

The article describes the procedure for planning organizational changes and strategies for their implementation with regard to a special group of economic entities – scientific organizations. The goal of the paper is to identify the most acceptable approaches and techniques for scientific organizations to implement strategic changes based on the systematization of theoretical sources on the issues under study. The authors’ contribution is in transmitting classical and modern approaches to implementing change strategies on the specifics of scientific organizations. The work shows the most common methods of changes in the organization as well as their formats that applied both separately or in combination to implement these strategies. In addition, the article presents proposed in literature approaches to the development of strategic documents and their practical implementation. Taking into account the specific nature of scientific organizations’ activities the appropriate methods for implementing organizational changes are recommended. To evaluate the success of the changes the special criteria are proposed for assessing the success of changes. It was established that most of the listed aspects of development programs are included in the structure proposed in accordance with the requirements of the procedure for creating the Development Program of a scientific organization subordinate to the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations of Russia (in present – to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation).
Strategic Risk Management in Design Companies (Based on LLC Giprosintez)
Authors: Borisova Irina
Published: April 2020

The article reviews the risks that affect design activities with reference to and critical analysis of existing publications on risk management efficiency. As a result of systematization of risks, the most common problems in the field of design are characterized and a program for managing strategic risks is compiled. Thestrategic risk management program describes the existing categories of strategic risks that design companies tend to face, the design company’s strategic risk analysis, the strategic risk protection policy, strategic risk management scenarios and the organizational breakdown structure for evaluating and managing strategic risks, and the strategic risk management program monitoring procedures. The risk systematization identifies some risk categories, such as operational strategic risks (production risks including personnel-, technology-, planning-, industry- and financerelated, and commercial risks) and strategy-inherent risks. The author suggests a method for risk assessment by expert evaluation. The strategic risk management scenarios presented herein outline the measures that, being properly implemented, decrease the probability of risk occurrence and thus enable to make the risks more controllable and promptly respond to external and internal challenges. The strategic risk management program suggested by the author helps configure the potential strategic approaches to ensure financial stability of a design company.
Digitalization in Public Finance Management
Authors: Glazunova Olga , Glazunova Viktorija
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the development of information technologies in the field of public finance management. The purpose of the work is to detail the functioning of “Electronic Budget” state integrated information system of public finance management, to justify its creation and development. In order to achieve the goal, the functionality of the information system is disclosed, its purpose is to be able to familiarize citizens with the activities of organizations of the public administration sector and public legal entities for monitoring and, as a result, to improve the quality of financial management. Regulatory legal documents regulating the operation of “Electronic Budget” State Integrated Information System (SIIS) and establishing the powers of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Federal Treasury as operators of the information system, topical issues of information publication by participants of the information system, importance of filling the integrated portal of the budget system of the Russian Federation with information are considered. The results of analyzing the completeness and relevance of publishing relevant information on the integrated portal of the budget system by chief administrators of budget funds of the federal budget as of October 1, 2019, financial bodies of subjects of the Russian Federation and management bodies of territorial state extrabudgetary funds as of May 1, 2019 and October 1, 2019 in terms of publication forms, as well as prospects of publication in 2020 are shown. The analysis shows the lack of informational system participants’ activity in publishing information established by normative legal acts, as well as the existing shortcomings of the “Electronic Budget” SIIS. The results of the study can be used both by specialists in the field of finance, participants of “Electronic Budget” SIIS of public finance management, and citizens interested in the budget process of the Russian Federation and implementing national projects in the country.
Trends in the Development of the External Environment of Entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Mishulina Olga , Panina Galina , Baranova Natalya , Gorelova Natalya
Published: April 2020

This article is devoted to the impact of the external environment on the development of entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan. The aim of the study is to identify current trends in the external environment of indirect effects on entrepreneurship based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis. The authors analyze strengths and weaknesses of small and medium enterprises, contribution of this sector to the development of the economy of Kazakhstan. The paper reveals advantages and disadvantages of the state and integration subsystem of the external environment of entrepreneurship, providing financial and non-financial support measures that are factors of sustainable economic development of Kazakhstan. The authors use the data of the Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, annual reports of “Damu Entrepreneurship Development Fund” JSC. Methods of scientific knowledge, comparison, analysis, and systematic approach are applied as the main research methods. The main result of the study is formulating modern trends in the state and development of the external environment of entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan. Unfavorable trends identified by the authors will help substantiate the main directions of increasing the efficiency of small and medium enterprises. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the state and integrated subsystem of the external environment of entrepreneurship, the authors draw conclusions about its impact on the state and development of small and medium enterprises.
Methodical Aspects of Evaluating the Effectiveness of Network Interaction in the Field of Tourist and Recreational Services in a Region
Authors: Rubtsova Natalia
Published: April 2020

The issues of assessing the synergistic effects of networking in the area of tourism and recreation services at the regional level are only at the initial stage of discussion. The article presents a critical review of methods for assessing the synergistic effects of the interaction between subjects in socio-economic systems. Theauthor makes the conclusion that the overwhelming majority of the available tools are focused on calculating purely economic (quantitative) synergistic effect and economic efficiency. Besides, the article proves significant limitations in terms of the practical use of methods, including in the area of tourist and recreational services, have been proven. The paper presents the author’s methodology for assessing the effectiveness of networking in the area of tourism and recreation services at the regional level. The author also points out characteristics of the components of the cumulative effect of network interaction in the area of tourist and recreational services in the region. Theauthor methodology is for evaluating both synergistic and cumulative effects of network interaction. The paper presents the list of possible indicators. The method was tested on the example of Irkutsk region. The proposed method promotes the development of methodological grounds for studying the effectiveness of networking in the field of tourism and recreation services at the regional level.
Religious Tourism in a Region: Current State and Prospects of Development (Based on Volgograd Region)
Authors: Balabeykina Olga
Published: April 2020

Religious tourism has gained an increasing role throughout the world. Due to its initial component, pilgrimage, it is often considered the oldest form of tourism, dating thousands of years back. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects of the religious tourism development within the framework of the Orthodox doctrine on the example of Volgograd region. Using statistical and mathematical-economic methods, the author makes an assessment of the level of development of the industry and identifies strengths and weaknesses in the current economic system. In addition, the work investigates the unique infrastructural complex comprising numerous places of high religious importance. The choice of key and peripheral directions of a possible tourist flow is justified based on regional statistical data (including the number of cultural objects). The main reasons determining the development of the industry are also explained. The author defines the most important factors of attracting pilgrims and tourists for each large object of Volgograd region. Based on the SWOT-analysis method the author assesses the potential of the tourism development and finds promising and limiting aspects that can affect the future of the industry. The existing offer of tourist services is considered, and on the basis of unique qualities of Volgograd region the author points out alternatives and expansion possibilities for the existing religious tourism services.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF DEAD-END MINE WORKING VENTILATION
Authors: Biliaieva V. V. , Kirichenko P. S. , Gunko E. Y. , Bondarenko I. O. , Mashykhina P. B. , Yakubovska Z. M.
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The important problem in the field of ecological safety and industrial safety is providing of normal microclimate in dead-end mine working. In these regions of the mine methane gas can be accumulated and as a result explosion may take place. So, to avoid these accidents it is important to ventilate appropriately dead-end mine working. The purpose of the work is development of quick computing mathematical model to obtain information about dead-end mine working ventilation process. Methodology. The process of dead-end mine working ventilation computing is separated in two stages. At the first stage the velocity flow field is computed in the dead-end mine working. We consider the situation when the suction tube is situated in this region. To solve this problem the fluid dynamics model of inviscid gas flow was used. At the second stage of the computational modeling the convective- diffusive equation of admixture transfer was used. The equation takes into account non-uniform flow field in the dead end mine workings. Findings. The developed numerical model was coded using FORTRAN language. The developed computer code allows to perform numerical experiment to assess the efficiency of suction tube implementation to decrease methane gas concentration in dead-end mine working. Originality. The developed numerical model takes into account physical factors, which are not considered nowadays in the empirical models, which are used for solving the problems of dead-end mine working ventilation. It allows taking into account the geometrical form of the dead-end mine working. Practical value. The developed computer program allows to perform calculations to assess the efficiency of suction system used for the ventilation of the dead-end mine working.
THE ROLE OF UKRAINIAN RAILWAY TRANSPORT IN MODERN LOGISTIC PROCESSES
Authors: Lomotko D. V. , Prymachenko H. O. , Hryhorova Y. I.
Published: April 2020

Purpose. As Ukraine actively develops its transport and logistics network taking into account the modern changes, the ever-increasing trade volume between the Europe and Asia, presents a good opportunity for increasing interoperability for the networks of international railway transportations. The study is aimed to consider in detail main components of railway interoperability and possible ways for achievement of their interaction. Methodology. The idea of interoperability was taken as a basis as a part of logistic system at railway. The crossing of different types of gauges was analyzed on the example of collaboration of Ukraine with European and Asian countries due to the increased freight traffic volume between them. Findings. Taking into account the basic technical parameters unifying the railway operation we found out the following principles: to agree upon a set of technical parameters, essential for the interoperability of the entire region; to determine the values and methods for agreement of the technical parameters to achieve technical interoperability; to decide on gradual implementation of technical interoperability, starting from the international corridors in a coordinated way depending on the priorities of international transportations. Originality. We considered the value of interoperability as a part of railway logistic systems. Practical value. The obtained results of search can be used during implementation of common platform of Ukraine`s collaboration with other countries related to the railway interoperability by establishing common base for work in prospective collaboration.
Accuracy of the clinical indicators of ineffective health management in celiac people
Authors: Silva Leonardo Alexandrino da , Bessa Cristina Costa , Guedes Nirla Gomes , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Silva Viviane Martins da , Santos Jorgiana Cavalcanti dos , Chaves Patricia Fernandes
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the accuracy of clinical indicators of “Ineffective health management” in celiac patients and to verify associations between sociodemographic characteristics and clinical indicators. Method: a cross-sectional study, conducted from May to September 2017, with 83 celiac patients, through an interview. Accuracy measures were defined by latent class model. Results: there was a prevalence of “Ineffective health management” of 55.69%. “Failure to take action to reduce risk factor” and “Failure to include treatment regimen in daily living” better predict this diagnosis. Paid occupation reduces the chance of the presence of “Difficulty with prescribed regimen”. Participation in support association reduces the chance of the presence of “Difficulty with prescribed regimen”, “Ineffective choices in daily living for meeting health goal” and “Failure to take action to reduce risk factor”. Conclusion: accurate clinical indicators identification assists clinical reasoning for diagnostic inference in specific health contexts.
Geospatial analysis of births with congenital disorders, Paraná, 2008-2015: ecological study
Authors: Freire Márcia Helena de Souza , Barros Ana Paula de Morais Maia , Andrade Luciano de , Nihei Oscar Kenji , Fontes Kátia Biagio
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: analyze the pattern of spatial distribution of the prevalence rate of births with congenital disorders and its relationship with social, economic, health care and environmental indicators in Paraná, Brazil, from 2008 to 2015. Method: ecological study with variables extracted from secondary banks, related to the births of children of mothers residing in Paraná, in two quadrennial (2008-2011 and 2012-2015). The analysis of the rates was performed with univariate spatial (Moran) and multivariate approach (Ordinary Least Squares and Geographically Weighted Regression). Results: the occurrence of congenital disorders presented a significant association (p<0.05) with: registration in primary care of pregnant women over 20 years of age; urbanization degree; consumption of pesticides; and balance of female formal employment. Conclusion/Final considerations: social, health care and environmental variables showed a non-stationary spatial pattern in the analyzed period and influenced positively and negatively the rates.
En torno de la noción de subjetivación en psicoanálisis: entre dinámica pulsional, identificación y objeto
Authors: Bilbao Alejandro , Jofré Daniel
Published: April 2020

El artículo brinda un detenido análisis sobre el concepto de subjetivación en psicoanálisis, evidenciando la relevancia que esta categoría adquiere para comprender el carácter psíquico y relacional de las dinámicas pulsionales supuestas por la teoría psicoanalítica. Sin ser una categoría de análisis trabajada directamente por Freud en sus estudios clínicos o metapsicológicos, la subjetivación puede actuar como una hipótesis derivada del trabajo historizante que las pulsiones inconscientes cumplen en el devenir de la vida psíquica. Junto con especificar el vínculo que guardan nociones tales como: sujeto, pulsión, identificación, objeto y trasferencia, la subjetivación permite comprender de mejor manera la acción clínica realizada por el ejercicio del psicoanalista. El carácter psíquico y relacional puesto en juego por la noción de subjetivación es finalmente ilustrado por medio de un caso clínico.
Oficinas Pedagógicas na Formação Inicial de Professores de Ciências e Biologia: Espaço para Formação Intercultural
Authors: Rédua Laís de Souza , Kato Danilo Seithi
Published: April 2020

Resumo Este trabalho consiste em analisar as interações do sujeito na posição de futuro professor de ciências e biologia no desenvolvimento de oficinas pedagógicas como espaços de formação intercultural. A oficina pedagógica foi construída a partir de observações nos cursos de Educação do Campo e Ciências Biológicas, contou com cinco situações-problemas e foi desenvolvida em disciplinas da área pedagógica desses cursos. Com a materialidade dos dados a análise do discurso evidenciou três momentos principais de discussão: (i) Posicionamentos performáticos: parâmetros científicos que validam outras culturas; (ii) Tensões nas posições de enunciação: frestas do etnocentrismo no ensino de ciências e formação docente; (iii) Mobilização dos saberes relacionados aos contextos socioculturais e identidades dos sujeitos: deslocamentos das posições enunciativas. As situações-problemas possibilitaram a formação de pontes e cruzamentos interculturais e, a partir desse formato, repensar questões inerentes à existência desses sujeitos por meio das frestas que dissolveram a performance esperada e reproduzida em uma perspectiva etnocêntrica.
Avaliação da combinação de poli (ácido láctico-co-glicólico) e poli-isopreno (Cellprene®): estudo histológico em ratos
Authors: SANTOS Isabella Fernanda dos , SANTOS Luis Alberto Loureiro dos , SCARDUELI Cassio Rocha , SPOLIDORIO Luis Carlos , MARCANTONIO-JUNIOR Elcio , MARCANTONIO Camila Chiérici , MARCANTONIO Rosemary Adriana Chiérici
Published: April 2020

Resumo Introdução A quantidade e qualidade óssea na implantodontia é um fator de alta relevância quando se tem por objetivo instalar implantes e reabilitar pacientes. No entanto, essa disponibilidade é comprometida na maioria dos casos, havendo a necessidade da busca de novos biomateriais, membranas e substâncias para uma regeneração mais favorável. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta da neoformação óssea em defeitos críticos em calvárias de ratos utilizando scaffolds de fibras de blenda polimérica a partir de poli (ácido láctico-co-glicólico) e poli-isopreno (Cellprene®). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Experimentação Animal. Material e método Neste estudo, foram utilizados 36 ratos (Rattus Norvegicus), variação albinus, Holtzman, adultos. Os animais foram submetidos à tricotomia na região da calota craniana e à confecção de defeitos ósseos circulares bilaterais com 5 mm de diâmetro. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos: GC – defeito sem colocação de biomaterial; GCol – scaffolds de colágeno (Bio-Gide, da empresa Geistlich Pharma Ag – Biomaterials); GPoli – scaffolds de fibras de blenda polimérica a partir de poli (ácido láctico-co-glicólico - Cellprene®). Cada grupo foi avaliado em quatro períodos experimentais (7, 15, 30 e 60 dias). Após esses períodos, os animais foram sacrificados, e as peças passaram por tramitação laboratorial de rotina e inclusão em parafina. Foram obtidos cortes semisseriados e corados pela técnica de hematoxilina e eosina para análise histométrica e histológica. Foi executada análise histométrica para avaliar a composição do tecido ósseo reparado (% osso). Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente com nível de significância de 95%. Resultado Foi verificado que o GCol apresentou maior preenchimento do defeito nos períodos de 30 e 60 dias em comparação aos GC e GPoli. Conclusão Os scaffolds de fibras de blenda polimérica a partir de poli (ácido láctico-co-glicólico) e poli-isopreno (Cellprene®) não apresentaram vantagens quando utilizados em defeitos críticos.
Experiências em Buscas de Informações por Residentes de Medicina
Authors: Lima Helena Maria da Costa
Published: April 2020

Resumo: Identíficamos as experiências e necessidade dos médicos residentes matriculados no Programa de Residência Médica da Famema em 2003 quanto ao uso de fontes de informaçõess e bibliotecas durante a graduação. O grupo estudado foi composto por médicos formados por várias escolas de medicina do País e nas metodologias de ensino tradicional e aprendizagem baseada em problemas (ABP). Os resultados mostraram que menos da metade (44,15%) dos médicos está saindo da graduação sem capacitação em buscas de informações. Frente aos resultados sugerimos que as bibliotecas pertencentes às instituições que mantêm cursos de residência médica ofereçam esse serviço aos médicos residentes, como uma forma de sanar as dificuldades daqueles que ainda não contam com essa capacitação durante a graduação.
Cinema para o Estudante de Medicina: um Recurso Afetivo/Efetivo na Educação Humanística
Authors: Biasco Pablo González , Gallian Dante M. C. , Roncoletta Adriana F. T. , Moreto Graziela
Published: April 2020

Resumo: O Humanismo é parte da formação do médico para construir-se como um profissional capaz de entender e cuidar de seus pacientes. As humanidades e as artes são recursos educacionais para promover o humanismo nos futuros médicos. O cinema é particular mente útil para educar a afetividade do estudante. Educar as emoções requer estratégias inovadoras modernas que não ao encontro das necessidades do estudante. O processo vai além do ensino teórico de atitudes para, utilizando a cultura da emoção e da imagem na qual o estudante está imerso, promover a reflexão vital. A abordagem metodológica trabalha as emoções do estudante como ponto de partida para, através de grupos de reflexão, possibilitar a construção de conceitos na relação médico-paciente e criar o hábito da reflexão habitual que pode ser transportada para as atividades do cotidiano. O objetivo deste aprendizado é promover no futuro médico exercício da reflexão, base do compromisso vocacional profissional. A metodologia pode ser usada em vários cenários de educação médica, sempre que os professores tenham familiaridade e gosto pelas humanidades e priorizem o aprendizado centrado no aluno.
A educação médica nos cenários de práticas em anos iniciais da formação: sentidos tecidos pelo photovoice
Authors: Touso Maíra Ferro de Sousa , Figueiredo Glória Lúcia Alves de
Published: April 2020

Como estratégia para formação de profissionais aptos a promoverem assistência integral à saúde, na contemporaneidade, o ensino médico prevê inserção do acadêmico no campo de atenção, desde os anos iniciais da graduação. Objetivou-se analisar a dimensão formativa desta imersão em cenários da saúde mental a partir de imagens captadas pelo photovoice e reflexões em grupo focal. Participaram seis estudantes de uma disciplina de graduação que promove a integração desses nos equipamentos de saúde do município, no período de 2017 a 2018. Pela interpretação dos sentidos do material produzido, duas categorias temáticas se sobressaíram: a inserção nos cenários de práticas e a educação médica em ação. Esses núcleos de sentido foram descritos, estabelecendo-se um diálogo com a literatura pertinente. A experiência fotografada, relatada e discutida no grupo trouxe vitalidade à formação, aproximando-os do humano que há neles e nos outros, favorecendo a integralidade do cuidado.
Estudo comparativo das inovações sobre condições crônicas na atenção primária em Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil e Ferrara, Itália
Authors: Silocchi Cassiane , Junges José Roque , Martino Ardigò
Published: April 2020

Resumo Este estudo visa comparar os principais desafios referentes às inovações na atenção às condições crônicas percebidos por profissionais de atenção primária de Porto Alegre, Brasil, e Ferrara, Itália. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória descritiva de abordagem qualitativa realizada em unidades da atenção primária, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais da Unidade Sanitária Local de Ferrara e grupos focais e entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadores do Serviço de Saúde Comunitária do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição de Porto Alegre. Os dados foram discutidos por meio de análise temática. Colocando em análise os dois casos, destaca-se como desafios, a resistência tanto dos profissionais, quanto dos usuários diante das práticas inovadoras, dificuldades na gestão do cuidado e deficiência no processo de formação, que ainda não prepara o profissional para o novo modelo de atenção. Conclui-se que estes desafios influenciam claramente no dia a dia dos serviços e desestimulam a incorporação de práticas inovadoras no cuidado das pessoas com condições crônicas.
A cultura de avaliação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS): entre a avaliação externa e a autoavaliação
Authors: Magalhães Nara Maria Emanuelli , Rodrigues Cláudia Medianeira Cruz
Published: April 2020

Resumo Este artigo propõe-se a realizar uma análise da trajetória da avaliação na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), a partir de entrevistas com os gestores que estiveram à frente da Secretaria de Avaliação Institucional (SAI), desde o seu surgimento nos anos 2000 até 2016 (ou seja, quatro gestores). Destacam-se do contexto mais geral de avaliação nacional as iniciativas locais que foram sendo adaptadas para atender às demandas por uma avaliação mais global, passando pelas diferentes gestões e o respectivo foco de sua atuação durante o processo. Procura-se compreender o modo como a UFRGS, ao longo do tempo, vai constituindo uma cultura de avaliação.
Research Updates from the Deployed Applications of the 2018 Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference (IAAI‐18): Editorial Introduction to the Special Articles on Innovative AI Applications
Authors: Youngblood G. Michael , Myers Karen
Published: April 2020

This editorial introduces several of the deployed applications that were described at the 2018 Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence conference, held in New Orleans, Louisiana, in February 2018.
How particle shape affects the critical state, triggering of instability and dilatancy of granular materials – results from a DEM study
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Bao Khoi , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Fourie Andy B.
Published: April 2020

The discrete-element method (DEM) has gained popularity for developing a qualitative understanding of soil behaviour under a critical state soil mechanics (CSSM) framework. Most studies with a three-dimensional assembly of particles have used spheres as representative granular material to reduce computational demands. However, most granular materials – for example, sands – are not rounded, but possess features of angularity. Therefore, ellipsoid and cluster particles with different degrees of eccentricity were used in this study to evaluate the effect of the particle shape on the drained and undrained triaxial loading behaviour after isotropic and K0 consolidation. The particle numerical properties and grain size distributions were kept the same for all specimens, irrespective of particle shape. The critical state data points for spheres and ellipsoids plotted on almost the same critical state line (CSL) in e–log(p′) space, whereas the CSLs of clusters plotted above them. Additionally, M lines shifted downward with increasing sphericity. It was also found that the stress ratio at the triggering of static liquefaction (ηIS = q/p′) in ηIS–ψ space was affected by particle shape and consolidation path. The dilatancy (d = dεvp/dεqp) was also affected by particle shape. It was found that dilatancy parameters for the SANISAND constitutive model are affected by particle shape, which may contribute to an improved understanding of particle shape in constitutive modelling.
The controllable magnetic properties of Nico/C nanocomposites
Authors: Yakushko E. V. , Kozhitov L. V. , Muratov D. G. , Karpenkov D. Yu. , Popkova A. V.
Published: April 2020

The NiCo/C metal-carbon nanocomposites based on the NiCl2/CoCl2/Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors were synthesized using IR heating. The results of studies of NiCo/C nanocomposites by X-ray phase analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and vibration magnetometry showed the dependence of the structure and properties of NiCo/C nanocomposites on the synthesis temperature, concentration, and metal ratio in the precursor. According to the results of the X-ray phase analysis, it was found that during the IR pyrolysis of the precursor, NiCo metal nanoparticles are stabilized in the carbon matrix, an increase in the synthesis temperature from 350 to 800 °C leads to an increase in the average size of nio nanoparticles from 10 to 80 nm, it is established that the formation of the alloy occurs due to the gradual dissolution of cobalt in nickel with the simultaneous transition of cobalt from the hcp modification to FCC. The structure of nanocomposites was shown by transmission electron microscopy of samples synthesized at 600 °C. It was found that with an increase in the metal concentration in the precursor from 10 to 40 wt.%, the average size of NiCo nanoparticles increases and the concentration of nanoparticles in the carbon matrix increases. The study of the magnetic properties of nanocomposites showed that with an increase in the content of metals in the precursor from 10 to 40 wt.%, an almost linear increase in the saturation magnetization from 5.94 to 25.7 A · m2/kg is observed. A change in the ratio of metals from Ni : Co = 4 : 1 to Ni : Co = 1 : 4 causes an increase in magnetization from 11.46 to 23.3 A · m2/kg.
Protocol for sampling and preparing samples of benthic macroinvertebrates v1
Authors: Santos Jhenifer , Lazzarini Wolff Luciano , Thais Baldan Lucíola , Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães Ana
Published: April 2020

This protocol presents the sampling methodology of benthic macroinvertebrates. It was developed in two steps. The first, called "sampling of macroinvertebrates" refers to field collections. The second, "preparing samples of macroinvertebrates" involves laboratory processing, sorting of samples, identification and storage of the organisms. This protocol was described for sampling, which uses Surber sampler. It is indicated for use in streams of up to 3rd order (small size). We improved the sampling design, using different categories of bottom substrate (fine, coarse and leaf litter) as sampling units. The sampling took into account the criterion of a minimum distance of 5 m between each sample substrate, to eliminate dependence on the dataset.
Bridging the Gap for English Language Testing Study in Fiji: Proposing an Evaluation of the Writing Proficiency Level of Pre-first Year and Post-first Year Undergraduate Students
Authors: Goundar Prashneel Ravisan
Published: April 2020

Language testing is a complex field of study as there are various factors that need to be taken into account when preparing and assessing the students’ language proficiency. However, it plays a pivotal role in society. With the results of language tests used for immigration purposes, university entrance qualifications as well as employment opportunities. Scholars attest that it is obligatory for language teachers to constantly ‘assess their students’ oral and written performances’, and the Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR) offers a variety of oral and writing scales which provide the ‘opportunity for a common standard’. This paper argues the significant gaps that are yet to be address in a language testing research and highlights why a study needs to be conducted in Fiji with the university students. The article discusses applying a quantitative methodology thus, a longitudinal research design to conduct a language testing study on writing proficiency levels of undergraduate students; compare the writing proficiency levels of pre-first year and post-first year university students by using academic essay tests of the same cohort; and finally determine undergraduate students’ progress (or lack of) in written English over the course of their program.
Research on the Flipped College English Class Based on “Knowledge Internalization”
Authors: Deng Fei
Published: April 2020

In author’s Literature Review of the Flipped Classroom, it introduces the brief history, the definition, the theoretical basis of the Flipped Classroom. While in this paper, it firstly introduces the definition, characteristics, the new interpretation and three stages of knowledge internalization in the Flipped Classroom. After that the paper makes an analysis that how to construct the Flipped Classroom teaching model in College English, together with some problems. At last it gives out suggestions on the Flipped College English class based on “Knowledge Internalization”.
The Study and Application of Corpus Linguistics to Create Content-based Materials for Pedagogical Purposes
Authors: Yang Zhenyu
Published: April 2020

It has long been proved that content-based instruction affects the overall academic progress of ESL students. With the development of research and application of corpus linguistics, such materials can be better collected and sorted for pedagogical purposes. In this project, a creation of a corpus of business language was used for developing materials for the ESL class. After a process of piloting, experimenting and revising, the materials were developed based on the collected corpus. As a result, the course turned out to be effective and well received by both the instructor and the students. We believe this project could be replicated for other academic disciplines as well.
Research on the Employment-oriented College English Teaching Reform in Medical Colleges
Authors: Sun Yuefang
Published: April 2020

In order to meet the increasing demand of our society for inter-disciplinary talents (people who have got training in more than one professional field and do excellent in them), English teaching activities of medical schools in China should be employment-oriented, and the new teaching method should be found out to achieve the goal of talent training. Guided by the concept of employment-oriented education and after analyzing the problems existing in present college English teaching , this essay did a research on the reform of the employment-oriented college English teaching in medical colleges and universities.
PENGARUH METODE PROYEK TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN ANAK
Authors: Tani Juliawati , Setiasih Ocih , Mariyana Rita
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena tingkat kemandirian anak beragam termasuk anak-anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak Negeri Centeh, penulis melihat kemandirian anak kelompok B Taman Kanak-Kanak tersebut belum terstimulasi secara optimal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode proyek terhadap kemandirian anak. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Taman Kanak-Kanak Negeri Centeh Bandung. Kecamatan Batu Nunggal, Kota Bandung, dengan subjek penelitian 40 anak kelompok B. metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian nonequivalent control group desain. Data penelitian diperoleh menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa pedoman observasi. Hasil penelitian data pretes pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol menunjukan tingkat kemandirian anak 100% masih dalam proses berkembang. Setelah dilakukan treatment hasil akhir pada data postes kelompok eksperimen menunjukan kemandirian anak meningkat 80%, anak dalam kategori sudah berkembang dan anak dalam kategori dalam proses berkembang 20%. Sedangkan pada kelas kontrol menunjukan 65% anak berada dalam kategori sudah berkembang, dan anak dalam proses berkembang 35%. Dengan perolehan uji t 0,036 0,05 maka Ha diterima, yang artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada kemandirian anak antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol sesudah pembelajaran dilaksanakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian peneliti merekomendasikan kepada pendidik anak usia dini agar pembelajaran dengan penggunaan metode proyek mampu dijadikan sebagai salah satu pembelajaran untuk mengembangkan kemandirian anak.