bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aurous Isolated from Nasal Swabs to Natural Honey
Authors: Molanaei A , Seyedoshohadaei SA , Hasani S , Sharifi P , Rashidian M , Taherpour A , TozandehJani S , Hasani S
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents is a very serious threat to public health. Where some antibacterial agents prove ineffective, the antibacterial properties of honey have been shown to be highly efficacious against several human bacterial pathogens. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the nursing staff of a hospital to natural honey.
Methods: In this study, 35 strains of methicillin-resistant S. aurous samples were selected from hospital staff's nasal swabs. Two strains were vancomycin-resistant. The serial dilution tube test methodwas used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) .The susceptibility of each strain of staph bacteria to natural honey without wax was determined and compared with that of a glucose solution with the same density.
Results: In all strains, except for the two strains resistant to vancomycin, MIC level was < 8.3% (v/v). The MIC of glucose as dense as honey was four times higher. The two vancomycin-resistant strains were completely resistant to natural honey.
Conclusions: This study has therefore demonstrated that inhibiting bacterial growth is not merely done by purely natural honey not because of osmolality, but vancomycin-resistant bacteria are not sensitive to natural honey.
Keywords: sensitivity, Staphylococcus aurous, natural honey, minimum inhibitory concentration
The chemical composition and age of monazite and kularite from titanium ore of Pizhemskoye and Yarega deposits (Middle and Southern Timan)
Authors: Makeyev Alexander B. , Borisovsky Sergey E. , Krasotkina Anna O.
Published: March 2020

A study on the typomorphic characteristics and age of the monazite the two giant titanium deposits of the Timan – Pizhemskoye and Yarega, which revealed differences in morphology in the species composition of the inclusions, the grain size, distribution of chemical types of a mineral associated with conditions of crystallization and different sources of the substance. The isochronous Th-Pb monazite age was calculated using the «CHIME» method. For Yarega monazite built three isochrone with age 1301, 1105 and 778 Ma; for Pizhemsky monazite-kularite one isochrone with age 782 Ma. Source of hith-Th monazite Yarega oil-titanium deposit could be ancient granite batholith and the origin Yarega less-Th monazite and Nd-Ce-monazite-kularite Pizhemskoye deposit with an age of ~ 780 Ma could be related to the hydrothermal conversion of the weathering crusts on lamprophyres close in age with lamprophyre (spessartite and kersantite) of Chetlassky Kamen.
ЭЛЕМЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ ЛИШАЙНИКА Rhizocarpon НА КАМНЕ КАК ИНДИКАТОР ПЕРЕНОСА ЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИЮ АЛТАЯ
Authors: Робертус Юрий Владимирович , Рихванов Леонид Петрович , Юсупов Дмитрий Валерьевич , Любимов Роман Владимирович , Кивацкая Анна Васильевна , Ситникова Валентина Александровна , Большунова Татьяна Сергеевна
Published: March 2020

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью изучения экологических последствий многолетнего трансграничного переноса загрязняющих веществ из индустриальных центров Восточного Казахстана на территорию Алтайского края и Республики Алтай. Цель: определить элементный состав и особенности распределения химических элементов в эпилитном лишайнике Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. на камне как биогеохимическом индикаторе специфики и интенсивности трансграничного переноса загрязняющих веществ на территорию Алтая. Методы: отбор образцов лишайника Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. на скальных обнажениях нижнепалеозойских терригенных пород для определения содержания в них ртути методом атомной абсорбции и 28 химических элементов методом инструментального нейтронно-активационного анализа, обработка полученных данных методами прикладной статистики. Результаты. Впервые получены данные об уровнях содержания и особенностях распределения комплекса химических элементов в лишайнике Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. на камне на территории Алтая. Проведено сравнение данных с региональным фоном и кларком в биосфере. Установлено наличие двух групп элементов в лишайнике – микроэлементов неорганической пыли и ассоциации химических элементов полиметаллических руд (Zn, As, Sb, Br, Hg, Au). Приведена аргументация в пользу преобладающего поступления элементов второй ассоциации в лишайник Rhizocarpon из атмосферных выпадений, переносимых с территории Восточного Казахстана. Выявлена обширная площадь повышенных концентраций изученных элементов в лишайнике Rhizocarpon, пространственно совпадающая с ранее установленной областью загрязнения снежного и растительного покрова на территории региона. Сделан вывод о пригодности элементного состава эпилитного лишайника Rhizocarpon на камне в качестве биогеохимического индикатора специфики и интенсивности трансграничного переноса загрязняющих веществ на территорию Алтая.
ОЦЕНКА ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ПРИРОДНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ ПРИ ГОРНОПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ ТЕХНОГЕНЕЗЕ
Authors: Шабанов Михаил Викторович , Маричев Максим Сергеевич
Published: March 2020

Актуальность. Структуризация и формирование природно-территориальных комплексов происходит на протяжении длительного времени. За весь период преобразования и установления стабильно устойчивых территорий ландшафты претерпевают значительные изменения. Одним из факторов аналогичной трансформации является техногенная деятельность горнопромышленной отрасли, в связи с чем проводится оценка преобразованности, изучение процессов и схем преобразованности ландшафтов под действием техногенеза как одного из главных критериев, учитывающих месторасположение и расширение данных отраслей промышленности, что и обуславливает актуальность данной работы. Цель: произвести оценку экологической напряженности и видоизмененности ландшафтов, подверженных интенсивной техногенной нагрузке, в районе деятельности медеплавильного комбината. Объекты: компоненты ландшафтного комплекса и почвенный покров в районе интенсивной техногенной нагрузки, расположенные в окрестностях города Красноуральск, Свердловской области. Методы: оценка экологической напряженности территории; расчет коэффициента экологической защищенности ландшафтов по методике Б.И. Кочурова; расчет коэффициента радиальной дифференциации мышьяка в почвенном покрове в зоне интенсивной техногенной нагрузки. Результаты. Произведен анализ отдельных компонентов ландшафтных комплексов. Выявлены характеристики процессов видоизменения территорий, подверженных техногенной нагрузке. После расчетов коэффициента экологической стабильности по методике Б.И. Кочурова выявлено, что исследуемые ландшафты имеют острую экологическую ситуацию и обладают малой стабильностью. В качестве подтверждения техногенной нагрузки измерялась концентрация мышьяка в почвах исследуемых территорий, в результате чего зафиксированы превышения предельно допустимой концентрации в видоизмененных ландшафтах. В ходе подсчета коэффициента радиальной миграции мышьяка в почве объясняются процессы техногенной нагрузки.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ СПОСОБОВ ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ ТЕПЛОПЕРЕДАЧИ В ТРУБЧАТОМ ТЕПЛООБМЕННИКЕ
Authors: Кустов Борислав Олегович , Бальчугов Алексей Валерьевич , Бадеников Артем Викторович , Герасимчук Михаил Владимирович , Захаров Кирилл Дмитриевич
Published: March 2020

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью повышения интенсивности теплоотдачи в аппаратах трубчатого типа химической и нефтехимической промышленности. Аппараты данного типа, как правило, громоздки, характеризуются высокой металлоемкостью, занимают большие производственные площади. Интенсификация теплоотдачи позволит снизить габариты теплообменного оборудования, уменьшить потери теплоты в окружающую среду и повысить технико-экономические показатели производства. Экспериментально полученные критериальные уравнения могут быть использованы при разработке интенсифицированных теплообменников. Цель: экспериментально определить зависимость критерия Nu от критерия Re в лабораторных теплообменникахтипа «труба в трубе», реализующих следующие способы интенсификации теплоотдачи: 1) использование сетчатого и спирального турбулизаторов; 2) использование псевдоожиженного слоя сферических металлических частиц; 3) вращение теплообменной трубы за счет кинетической энергии потока теплоносителя. Методы: экспериментальное определение зависимости критерия Nu от критерия Re в лабораторных интенсифицированных теплообменниках типа «труба в трубе», инструментальное определение температуры и расхода жидкости, высоты псевдоожиженного слоя; видеосъемка. Результаты. Экспериментально определена зависимость критерия Nu от критерия Re в лабораторных интенсифицированных теплообменниках типа «труба в трубе». Для исследованных турбулизаторов при 10000<Re<25000 получены эмпирические критериальные зависимости в пределах погрешности ±5%. Исследование способа интенсификации теплоотдачи за счет использования псевдоожиженного слоя в вертикальной теплообменной трубе показало, что наилучшие гидродинамические условия для интенсификации теплоотдачи достигаются в псевдоожиженном слое из свинцовых сферических частиц диаметром d=0,002м. Для псевдоожиженного слоя сферических свинцовых частиц d=0,002м при 5000<Re<15000 получена эмпирическая критериальная зависимость в пределах погрешности ±6%. Установлено, что во вращающейся охлаждаемой горизонтальной теплообменной трубе с постоянной частотой 2,0 об/с повышается критерий Nu в среднем 1,24 раза в интервале 10000<Re<40000. Анализ показал, что увеличение интенсивности теплоотдачи в исследованных теплообменниках обеспечено за счет улучшения перемешивания потока жидкости, а также за счет турбулизации пристеночного слоя. Результаты экспериментальных исследований позволяют сделать вывод, что рассмотренные методы интенсификации процесса теплоотдачи являются перспективными для дальнейшего исследования и использования на химическом и нефтехимическом производстве.
The Utilization of Robo-Advisors by Individual Investors: An Analysis Using Diffusion of Innovation and Information Search Frameworks
Authors: Fan Lu , Chatterjee Swarn
Published: March 2020

This study examines the roles of internal and external search characteristics and attitudinal factors in investors' decisions to utilize robo-advisor-based platforms. Using the 2015 state-by-state National Financial Capability Study and Investor Survey, this study finds that the need to free up time, higher risk tolerance, higher subjective financial knowledge, and higher amounts of investable assets were positively associated with individual investors' adoption of robo-advisors. Additionally, the results from the interaction model indicates that individuals under 65 with a higher risk tolerance and greater perceived investment knowledge were more likely to use robo-advisors. Implications of the key findings for scholars, practitioners, and industry leaders are included.
Características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes evaluados por primera vez en el Servicio de Glaucoma en Hospital del Estado de México
Authors: Mejía Jaime Jaime , Osorio Miranda Antonio , Bernal Díaz Zaira del Carmen
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: describir las características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes evaluados por primera vez en el Servicio de Glaucoma del Hospital Especializado Mexiquense de Salud Visual, en Naucalpan, Estado de México. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional de tipo transversal que incluyó a todos los pacientes de primer contacto en el Departamento de Glaucoma entre agosto de 2015 y julio de 2016. Posteriormente se analizaron los datos recabados con el programa Excel 2011, realizando para las variables cuantitativas todas las medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión y para las variables cualitativas frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: de 17.206 consultas de primer contacto, 1613 sujetos fueron referidos al servicio de glaucoma, y en 569 casos logró integrarse el diagnóstico de algún tipo de glaucoma, lo que representa el 3,30 % de la población. El 58 % de los sujetos pertenecían al sexo femenino (n = 383). El promedio de edad fue 62,9 años (DE ± 14,17, IC 95 %: 61,73-64,07). La distribución de los diagnósticos integrados durante la evaluación inicial fue la siguiente: glaucoma primario ángulo abierto (GPAA), 274 sujetos (48,15 %); sospecha de glaucoma, 180 sujetos (31,63 %); glaucoma de ángulo cerrado (GAC), 43 sujetos (7,46 %); glaucoma neovascular (GNV), 32 sujetos (5,62 %), y 40 sujetos con otros tipos de glaucoma (7,02 %). Conclusiones: en este estudio se encontró que el tipo de glaucoma con mayor incidencia fue el GPAA, seguido de los pacientes sospechosos de glaucoma; en ambos casos el sexo femenino fue el de mayor frecuencia
Validity of Techniques to Evaluate Near Phoria
Authors: Bernal Escalante Jaime , Rosenfield Mark , Casillas Casillas Elizabeth , Barba Gallardo Luis Fernando , Ramírez González Sergio
Published: March 2020

Background: While a number of previous studies have investigated the repeatability of techniques designed to measure heterophoria, there have been few studies of their validity. Accordingly, the present study examined the ability of 3 standard techniques; Von Graefe (VG), Maddox Rod (MR) and Modified Thorington (MT) tests to quantify a known change in heterophoria. Methods:The study was performed on 30 young subjects using each of the 3 procedures listed above. Near (40 cm) heterophoria was quantified both without and with an additional base-out prism. Five possible values were available, namely 2, 4, 6, 8 and 9Δ. After a period of 24 hours, the heterophoria measurement was repeated using the same technique with one of these prisms added to the refractive correction. Results:The mean heterophoria value measured before the introduction of prism using the VG procedure was significantly more exophoric than the findings obtained using the other 2 techniques (p = 0.035). No significant difference was observed between the measured and predicted change in heterophoria following the introduction of the prism for the VG and MT procedures, but a significant difference was found with the MR technique (p0.001). Conclusions:The ability to measure a known change in oculomotor deviation was significantly poorer with the MR technique, when compared with the VG and MT procedures. Given that the mean pre-prism measurement was significantly more exophoric when using the VG procedure, we recommend that MT be adopted as the technique of choice for the subjective measurement of oculomotor deviations in the clinical setting
Percepción estudiantil sobre el cambio curricular en la carrera de Optometría de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Authors: Valera Mota Myrna Miriam , Alonso Trujillo Javier , Alonso Ricardez Abraham
Published: March 2020

Introducción: el nuevo plan de estudios del licenciado en Optometría tiene seriación indicativa en todas las asignaturas. Permite la movilidad intra- e interinstitucionalmente. Es flexible. Abarca tiempos, espacios, relaciones para aprender nuevas habilidades, ajustes en estructuras, procesos y normas de desempeño de los actores. Se vincula con la sociedad. En la Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala se han realizado investigaciones que analizan planes de estudios y su implementación respecto al contenido de las asignaturas y al número de horas, pero desde la perspectiva del cuerpo académico, no de los alumnos. Por esto es muy importante conocer la perspectiva de los estudiantes, puesto que ellos son uno de los actores principales en la esencia del currículo. Objetivo: analizar la percepción estudiantil sobre el cambio curricular de la carrera de Optometría a tres años de la implementación del nuevo plan de estudios. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se hicieron encuestas con cuatro instrumentos aplicados a alumnos del antiguo y del nuevo plan de estudios, que incluyen categorías sobre experiencia con el nuevo plan de estudios, profesores, clínica y expectativas laborales. Resultados: los alumnos del nuevo plan refieren dificultad en el área biomédica, opinión desfavorable del instrumental en clínica; sus expectativas laborales perfilan hacia hospitales e investigación; destacan la congruencia del plan en teoría y práctica. Conclusiones: para los alumnos de los dos planes el nuevo plan mejorará la calidad del egresado de Optometría. Sin embargo, los del antiguo plan indican mejor trato de los profesores hacia los alumnos del nuevo plan
Organizational and Methodological Aspects of Remote Research of Problems of Digitalization of Regions with Different Level of Sociocultural Modernization. Part II
Authors: Bogdanov Vladimir S.
Published: March 2020

This is the second part of the article, devoted to the study of the issues relating to the control of digitalization processes in Russian regions with different levels of sociocultural modernization. In the first part of the article, the theoretical and methodological and organizational aspects of remote study of these issues were presented. In particular, in the context of socioeconomic transformations outlined and approved by state authorities in strategic “breakthrough” plans, the necessity of conceptualizing digitalization as a process was explicated. Digitalization and the digital economy have become new markers in the power and political discourse quite recently, but the national “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” project has already been launched, which, according to its developers, should ensure the high-quality achievement of the goals of digitalization with regard to the primary elements of management (training of personnel and development of organizational and technological infrastructures). However, the role of digitalization in the modernization of regions is not fully understood. The social effects that the population may experience from the introduction of “breakthrough” design choices are not clear. Today, the population is compulsorily involved in rigorous algorithms and procedures of information technology interactions, in which the rules are initially established by technocratic subsystems, and not by the people, who would at least have the right to a wider degree of feedback from government agencies and its contractors, with well-defined guarantees for resolving their problems. In this regard, we actualize the problem of the transition from technocratic smart “regulation” involving technical methods of one-way communication to the search for ways to organize feedback based on socially-oriented management. In the framework of the industrial scientific and educational discipline of management sociology, we continue to study these issues and suggest getting acquainted with the results of an empirical study of the readiness of residents of 17 regions of the Russian Federation for digital transformations in their life and work. For clarification of the associated issues, we conducted a survey of experts. We used the data collected to determine the general preparedness of regional organizations and enterprises for digital transformation and to evaluate their inclusion in the digitalization management process. In particular, an assessment of the available resources for the implementation of “breakthrough” projects was made, and the attitude of residents of the regions toward the implementation of the national “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” project was determined. The article also touches on the prospects for the implementation of the “Smart City” project as an essential aspect of the “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” strategic project.
POLITIK KEBUDAYAAN DALAM NOVEL SINDEN KARYA PURWADMADI ADMADIPURWA: KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES
Authors: Vindriana Nuri Dwi , Mustamar Sunarti , Mariati Sri
Published: March 2020

This study relies on cultural political issues in the Sinden novel to be analyzed using the concept of Roland Barthes mythology. The mythology looks at the form of speech, including a literary work that reflects and reduces social discourse, cultural, ideological and historical. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. The analysis has two stages of the sign system. The first system is the sign of denotative sign reading that takes the structural data covering themes, characters, conflicts, and settings that will produce signs. The results mark the first sign of the system as a new marker for a myth reading on both sign system. The reading of the myth in the Sinden novel generates political discourse cultures that reflect events in Indonesia with 1960s background. This study aims to describe the cultural issues covered by political interests and reveal the impact of cultural-political events experienced by the grassroots and increase appreciation of the reader in understanding the Sinden novel.
MODEL AKTAN GREIMAS DALAM NOVEL MENCARI PEREMPUAN YANG HILANG KARYA IMAD ZAKI
Authors: Megawati Erna
Published: March 2020

The aim of this research is to discover the structure of fabula within the novel of Mencari Perempuan Yang Hilang. The method used in the research was narratology. Data is collected using library. Research  is analyzed based on the theory of actantial model by Greimas. The result shows if the novel has six actants as suggested by Greimas which are subject, object, sender, receiver, helper, and opponent.
EKSPRESI PENOLAKAN PRAGMATIK ANAK USIA 2—3 TAHUN
Authors: Rosita Farida Yufarlina , Kuniasih Dwi
Published: March 2020

This study aims to explore the forms of expression of pragmataik rejection in children aged 2—3  years. In addition, this study also aims to explain the factors that influence the acquisition of the language of the child so as to act pragmatic speech. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. Qualitative descriptive method is a method that attempts to describe and interpret objects as they are. Data collection methods are carried out with several techniques, namely, see, record, and note. The results of this study indicate the existence of two forms of expression of rejection that is explicit and implicit. The form of exclusion is classified into nonverbal and declarative rejection. There are several forms of implicit refusal: implicit refusal by reason of, interrogative implicit refusal, alternative implicit rejection, implicit declarative rejection, implicit rejection with demand. In addition, the results of this study indicate a factor that affects the pragmatic ability of children 2—3 years, namely natural factors, cognitive development, socioeconomic, and family.
Efek Ekstrak Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) Terhadap Murine Sepsis Score (MSS) Mencit Sepsis yang Diinduksi Shigella dysenteriae
Authors: Syahruna Pradipta Reza , Mustika Arifa , Faizi Muhammad
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek terapi ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana) terhadap sepsis yang diinduksi Shigella dysenteriae. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, menggunakan 30 mencit dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Masing-masing mencit diinjeksi S. dysenteriae secara intraperitoneal. Perlakuan hari pertama post injeksi kontrol positif diberi Azithromycin 246 mg/kgBB, kontrol negatif diberi akuades, kelompok perlakuan diberi ekstra kulit manggis dengan dosis sebagai berikut: K1= 100 mg/kgBB, K2= 200 mg/kgBB, dan K3= 400 mg/kgBB. Perlakuan hari kedua post injeksi sesuai masa inkubasi bakteri skor MSS tiap mencit dihitung. Terdapat korelasi antara pemberian ekstrak kulit manggis dengan skor MSS mencit (p<0.05), tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara pemberian ekstrak 200 mg/KgBB dan 400 mg/kgBB dengan Azithromycin.
A RESPOSTA DE THOMAS REID AO CETICISMO
Authors: Freitas Vinícius França
Published: March 2020

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar e discutir o modo como a filosofia do senso comum de Thomas Reid responde ao ceticismo sobre a fiabilidade epistêmica das faculdades da mente. A hipótese aqui apresentada estabelece que a resposta reidiana possui três argumentos. Em primeiro lugar, Reid mostra porque é impossível provar a fiabilidade das faculdades da mente e porque os filósofos podem começar suas investigações aceitando a verdade das crenças devidas a estas faculdades. Em segundo lugar, Reid mostra que é inconsistente escolher uma destas faculdades como única fonte de crenças verdadeiras. Isto é arbitrário. Aqueles autores que escolhem, por exemplo, a consciência como única fonte de conhecimento fiável, apenas reforçam a defesa de que todas as faculdades da mente são igualmente fiáveis. Em terceiro lugar, se as faculdades da mente operam apropriadamente, isto é, quando a mente não é afetada por uma desordem ou doença, não há boas razões para colocar em questão sua fia­bilidade e, portanto, questionar a verdade das crenças devidas a elas.
O ARGUMENTO BAYESIANO DA EXPERIÊNCIA RELIGIOSA EM FAVOR DO TEÍSMO
Authors: Portugal Agnaldo Cuoco
Published: March 2020

O artigo apresenta e discute criticamente o argumento da experiência religiosa proposto por Richard Swinburne na obra The Existence of God (2004), uma das mais importantes da filosofia analítica da religião contemporânea. Além de introduzir conceitos de teoria da indução probabilística, que servem de base para o argumento proposto, são também explicados os elementos de teoria da percepção e da justificação de crenças perceptuais que Swinburne supõe. Em seguida, são discutidos quatro questionamentos possíveis contra o argumento da experiência religiosa. Por fim, consideram-se duas respostas possíveis aos questionamentos feitos na parte anterior, de modo a se poder ainda empregar o fenômeno da experiência religiosa no debate acerca da existência de Deus de modo argumentativo.
Growth, Yield and Resistance Responses of Three Cultivars on True Seed Shallots to Twisted Disease with Salicylic Acid Application
Authors: Wijoyo Rachmanto Bambang , Sulistyaningsih Endang , Wibowo Arif
Published: March 2020

Twisted disease is one of the main diseases on shallot caused by Fusarium sp. One method to increase the resistance of shallot cultivars to the twisted disease can be performed by using True Seed Shallot (TSS) combining with a salicylic acid application. TSS is known as free pathogen. The objective of the research was to examine the effects of a salicylic acid application to the growth, yield and resistance responses of TSS on Tuktuk, Sanren and Lokananta cultivars to the twisted disease. The research was arranged in factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of two factors with three replications. The first factor included Tuktuk, Sanren and Lokananta cultivars and the second factor comprised salicylic acid applications (without salicylic acid and inoculation, without salicylic acid with inoculation, immersion treatment of salicylic acid with inoculation, spray treatment with inoculation as well as immersion and spray treatment with inoculation). The results showed that the application of salicylic acid in different treatments had the same effects on the growth, yield and resistance of TSS. An interesting result is found, in which the application of salicylic acid by immersing and spraying could reduce the incidence of twisted disease by 12.5% in TSS. Therefore, the application of salicylic acid by immersing and spraying can be one of the recommended twisted disease management.
The Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium on the Growth and Quality of Viola (Viola cornuta L.) Seed Production
Authors: Saputra Alfa Sada , Suprihati Suprihati , Pudjihartati Endang
Published: March 2020

Viola cornuta L. is an ornamental plant that is primarily propagated by high-quality seeds that have high demand in subtropical countries. The use of fertilizers according to recommendations results in the growth of parent plants below the standard. Furthermore, seed production is generated below 2 g per plant and the seed germination capacity is below 80%. In addition, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrients can increase the growth and seed production of the plants, including ornamental plants. The study aimed to determine the influence of P and K nutrients on growth and seed production of V. cornuta L. Research was carried out in November 2018 - January 2019 at PT. Selektani Horticulture, Ngablak, Magelang. There were seven treatments with four replications. Experiments were arranged according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Plants were grown in 5l volume-polybags. Fertilization was done by watering the planting media. Analysis of variance was performed at 95% accuracy. The study shows that P and K nutrients have a highly significant effect on height, number of flowers, number of seed per capsule, seed production and germination energy and significantly affected the number of leaves. The addition of both P and K fertilizers in the vegetative and P in the generative stage (P6) can result in the productivity of 3.28 g plant-1 and produce germination energy ≥90%. It is recommended for increasing growth and seed production.
Statistical Optimization of Parameters for the Enhancement of Lipase Activity
Authors: Das Prama , Chattopadhyay Soham
Published: March 2020

In this present study, lipase producing bacteria were isolated and screened from an indigenous soil sample and was used for lipase production with high enzyme activity. Different production media were screened and lipase production was found to be induced by olive oil, 14 mL/L, in the production medium. It was observed from Luedeking and Piret model that the lipase production was mixed growth associated with its maximum activity at 37 °C and pH 7. To understand the interaction of different parameters, statistical optimization using Response Surface Methodology was performed and the standardized conditions obtained were as follows: Peptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 7.5 g/L and olive oil 14 mL/L. The predicted data were validated and the model predicted was significant with maximum specific activity of 1.1 µmole/min/mg proteins. The lipase specific activity was found to be enhanced by 10% and 23% after a single parameter and statistical optimization respectively.
Early prodromal sensory neuropathy in Pink1-SNCA double mutant Parkinson mice
Authors: Valek Lucie , Tran Bao , Wilken-Schmitz Annett , Trautmann Sandra , Heidler Juliana , Schmid Tobias , Brüne Bernhard , Thomas Dominique , Deller Thomas , Geisslinger Gerd , Auburger Georg , Tegeder Irmgard
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is frequently associated with a prodromal sensory neuropathy, which manifests as sensory loss and eventually chronic pain. METHODS: The present study assessed somatosensory functions and the pathology of somatosensory neurons in Pink1-/-SNCAA53T double mutant mice (Pink1SNCA) who develop a PD-like disease > 15 months of age. RESULTS: Pink1SNCA mice showed the first manifestations of sensory dysfunctions at 6 months of age, which were characterized by a loss of thermal sensitivity but sparing of mechanical sensation, and decline of olfactory perception of pleasant odors. Mechanistically, the loss of thermal sensitivity was attributed to a strong reduction of transient receptor potential TRPV and TRPA channels at mRNA, protein and functional levels in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Primary sensory neurons responded much less to stimulations with capsaicin, formalin or depolarization as assessed by calcium imaging. RNA sequencing pointed to additional deregulations of voltage dependent potassium channel subtypes, lowering of acidic fibroblast growth factor driven support, and alterations of sphingolipid metabolism. Analyses of sphingolipids of multiple classes revealed an accumulation of glucosylceramides mainly in the DRGs and loss of sphingosines and sphinganines in the sciatic nerve. Transmission electron microscopy of the DRGs revealed a higher frequency of neurons with swollen mitochondria, which was associated with a decrease of mitochondrial respiration in sensory ganglia, but not in the brain. CONCLUSION: The data support the view of a prodromal sensory disease in PD resulting from a combination of lipid allostasis and mitochondrial damage. Hence, Pink1SNCA mice phenocopy the PD-associated prodromal sensory neuropathy and reveal novel mechanistic insight.
Global analysis insights into coupling relationship between lignan and lignin metabolism of flax
Authors: Xie Dongwei , Dai Zhigang , Yang Zemao , Tang Qing , Sun Jian , Su Jianguang
Published: March 2020

Background: Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important economic crops in the world. The lignin content of flax stems directly determines the quality of flax fibers. Flax seeds contain lignans of highly beneficial for human health.Results: To elucidate the metabolic relationship between these compounds and the regulatory nodes of their metabolic processes, third generation (PacBio Iso-Seq) and second generation (Illumina) sequencing technologies were used to sequence the transcriptomes of a pair of flax cultivars with significant differences in lignan content. It was discovered that the differential expressed genes (DEGs) are significantly enriched in the lignin and lignan biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, there are seven genes with significant differences in expression that were annotated as UDP-glucosyl transferases ( UGTs ). We found that lignan and lignin content is significantly negatively correlated with each other. SEM observations on flax bast fibers provided further evidence of this relationship.Conclusions: This is the first full-length transcriptome analysis on flax plants using third-generation sequencing technologies, and it is also the first study to observe a negative correlation between lignin and lignan content of flax plants. Furthermore, it was found that UGTs are likely to be regulatory node genes for lignan and lignin metabolism.
The mechanistic investigation on hydrogen donation performance of bio-acids over bi-functional carbon nanotube catalysts
Authors: Zhang Jiajun , Zhang Xiaolei , Shen Dekui
Published: March 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to erroneous posting.
The miRNA COMPLEXES AGAINST CORONAVIRUSES COVID-19, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV
Authors: Ivashchenko Anatoliy , Rakhmetullina Aizhan , Akimniyazova Aigul , Aisina Dana , Pyrkova Anna
Published: March 2020

The possibility of using miRNA (mRNA-inhibiting RNA) to inhibit infections caused by the coronaviruses COVID-19, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV has been shown. Using bioinformatics approaches, completely complementary miRNA (cc-miRNA) complexes were predicted to be able to bind and inhibit the translation of coronavirus proteins and the replication of COVID-19, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV genomes. For complexes of seven cc-miRc for COVID-19, seven cc-miRs for SARS-CoV, and eight cc-miRm for MERS-CoV, the interactions with the RNA genomes (gRNAs) of the corresponding coronaviruses was evaluated. The free energy of the interactions of cc-miRNAs with binding sites was significantly higher than the free energy of the interactions with other regions in gRNA, which ensures high selectivity of the binding of cc-miRNAs. Weak binding of cc-miRNAs to the mRNAs of 17508 human genes was shown, which suggests the absence of side effects of the cc-miRNAs in humans. A feature of this method is the simultaneous inhibition of translation and replication by several cc-miRNAs binding from the 5' end to the 3' end of gRNA. The use of several cc-miRNAs to suppress infections allows each of them to be used at a lower concentration to avoid side effects when one cc-miRNA is introduced into humans at a high concentration.
Prognostic Implications of Preoperative Pneumonia to Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery or Arthroplasty
Authors: Shen Jiawei , Zhang Peixun , An Youzhong , Jiang Baoguo
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Preoperative pneumonia is one of the underlying comorbidities of patients undergoing hip fracture surgery or arthroplasty, which had been reported with an increased 30-day mortality. However, the influences that preoperative pneumonia or its different severity had to long term survival were hardly been reported. METHODS: In this retrospective observational study, we reported outcomes of patients undergoing hip fracture surgery or arthroplasty with or without a diagnosis of preoperative pneumonia. We analyzed risk factors of 1-year mortality for patients with preoperative pneumonia and calculated the adjusted risk of 1-year mortality that stratified for pneumonia severity evaluated with CURB-65 score. Survival rates of patients free of pneumonia or with different pneumonia severity were also reported with COX regression. RESULTS: The incidence of preoperative pneumonia was 7.86% in our cohort. Compared to patients without preoperative pneumonia, patients with this condition had longer hospital stay (15 vs. 12, p<0.001）and ICU length of stay (7 vs. 0, p<0.001), higher 30-day mortality (11.9% vs. 5%, p=0.002) and 1-year mortality(33.9% vs. 16.3%, p<0.001). BMI<18.5 kg/m 2 , CURB-65 score ≥3 were risk factors of 1-year mortality in patients with preoperative pneumonia, while regional anesthesia was a protective factor for 1-year mortality. There was a linear trend of CURB-65 score to 1-year mortality after adjustment for BMI and anesthesia type (p for trend = 0.006). when CURB-65 score ≥3, patients had significant risk of 1-year mortality (OR: 3.85-7.87). COX regression reveals a higher risk of mortality over time in patient with preoperative pneumonia, as severity increases (CURB-65 score ≥3), the difference of risk to patients without preoperative pneumonia became significant. CONCLUSION: In this single center retrospective study that consists of patients undergoing hip fracture surgery or arthroplasty, patients with preoperative pneumonia had worse prognoses than patients without this condition. BMI<18.5 kg/m 2 , CURB-65 score ≥3 were risk factors of 1-year mortality in patients with preoperative pneumonia, while regional anesthesia was a protective factor for 1-year mortality. In patients with preoperative pneumonia, CURB-65 score ≥3 indicated higher risk of mortality over time.
Associated factors with reaching a scientific publication during medical training: evidence from 40 medical schools surveyed in Latin America.
Authors: Valladares-Garrido Mario J. , Mejia Christian R. , Rojas-Alvarado Annel B. , Araujo-Chumacero Mary M. , Córdova-Agurto Jhacksson S. , Fiestas Jessica , Rojas-Vilar Feeder J. , Culquichicon Carlos
Published: March 2020

Background

Scientific publication during medical training is key to promote an enduring cutting-edge knowledge. The promotion of science among medical students in Latin America is a multi-sphere issue hampered by the unawareness of governments to invest in national research, as well as a lack of support from local universities. This study aims to determine the factors associated to reach a scientific publication during medical training among Latin American medical students of local scientific societies.

Methods

This is a secondary-data-analysis of a study conducted in 2016 to evaluate the use of information and communications technologies (TICs) among medical students of 40 local scientific societies of medical students affiliated to the Latin American Federation of Medical Students Scientific Societies (FELSOCEM, in Spanish). Local teams in each local scientific society surveyed self-reported scientific publications and explored its association with socioeconomic, academic, and research training conditions. We included medical students enrolled in the 2016-I term and excluded medical interns. We implemented nested models to identify covariates associated with self-reported scientific publication until reaching a parsimonious mixed-effect multilevel model clustered by medical scientific society.

Results

We surveyed 11,587 medical students. The prevalence of scientific publications increased in 36% among medical students affiliated to a Scientific Society of Medical Students [parsimonious prevalence ratio (PRp)=1.36, 95%CI=1.16–1.59], 51% among medical students with advanced English proficiency [PRp=1.51, 95%CI=1.21 – 1.87], 85% among medical students who attended a scientific writing skills course [PRp=1.85, 95%CI=1.59–2.15], 81% among medical students who use Sci-hub [PRp=1.81, 95%CI=1.50–2.20], and 108% among medical students who have access to a pirated academic account [PRp=2.08, 95%CI=1.83–2.36].

Conclusions

Reaching a scientific publication among medical students is associated with being affiliated to a Scientific Society of Medical Students, English proficiency, training in scientific writing, use of Sci-Hub, and pirated academic accounts.
Mitigation of train-induced vibrations on nearby high-rise buildings by open or geofoam-filled trenches
Authors: Kontoni Denise-Penelope N. , Farghaly Ahmed Abdelraheem
Published: March 2020

The vibrations induced by moving trains especially in close distances with high-rise buildings can be destructive. The high technology of wilding rails induced a high train velocity which is associated with high vibrations. The buildings near the railways suffer from the train-induced vibrations. In this paper, a 3D FEM model was constructed to study the train-induced vibrations on a nearby high-rise building (HRB), show its response and investigate the most suitable technique to mitigate the effect of the train-induced vibrations by an open trench or a geofoam-filled trench. Three trench parameters were investigated to enhance the mitigation performance, the distance from the trench to the HRB, the trench depth and the use of either open (empty) trench or geofoam-filled trench. The geofoam-filled trench technique improved the dynamic response of the structure. Thus, trenches filled with geofoam can be considered a protection technique for high-rise buildings constructed near moving trains.
Theoretical and experimental analysis of an unbalanced and cracked cardan shaft in the vicinity of the critical speed
Authors: Tchomeni Bernard Xavier , Alugongo Alfayo
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental analysis of a coupled lateral and torsional vibrations of two identical rotors interconnected by a flexible Hooke’s joint and modelled as a multibody system with a small misalignment angle. Using energy principle and a Lagrangian transformation, the governing equation of the propeller shaft system is established by considering a nonlinear elastic shaft time-dependent perturbation. To study the sensitivity of the crack for a rotating shaft, the model is enriched by considering the periodical feature of the time-varying stiffness deriving from the crack breathing model. The nonstationary response of a cracked rotor system in the presence of unbalance has been evaluated using orbit patterns and Fast Fourier Transform. The highly oscillated feature of the rotors system is theoretically obtained and experimentally analysed. The analysis demonstrated that the crack parameters in the input shaft tend to inhibit the occurrence of unstable oscillations in lateral deflection, orbit and frequency spectrum of the secondary response. It is also found that the passage of the cracked primary shaft near to an integral multiple of the critical speed leads to the phenomenon of sup-harmonic resonance. Subsequently, the experimental analysis conducted equally indicated that the quantitative relation between the faults and the performance of the transmission is impacted by the time-varying stiffness and is the main cause of the frequency-modulated feature in the Cardan shaft system. Finally, the experimental results were informative for the transient response exploration and comparable to the theoretical findings for validating the proposed twin-rotor model.
Antiradical and chelating ability of (+)-catechin, procyanidin B1, and a procyanidin-rich fraction isolated from brown sorghum bran
Authors: Carmelo Luna Francisco Javier , Mendoza Wilson Ana María , Balandrán-Quintana René Renato
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Sorghum varieties of brown pericarp are a rich source of natural antioxidants, among which procyanidins stand out. Currently there is little information on the relationship between the degree of polymerization of sorghum procyanidins and their antioxidant activity against certain free radicals, enzymes, and metals involved in the oxidation processes. For this reason, the present work intends to broaden the knowledge of the antioxidant profile of sorghum procyanidins, considering their degree of polymerization, through the determination of the antiradical (DPPH, ABTS, lipid peroxidation) and chelating ability (copper, zinc) of (+)-catechin (C), procyanidin B1 (PB1), and a procyanidin-rich fraction (PRF) isolated from brown sorghum bran.Method: The monomer of (+)-catechin (C) and the dimer of procyanidin B1 (PB1) were acquired from chemical suppliers, while the sorghum procyanidin-rich fraction (PRF) was isolated through a Sephadex LH-20 column, employing solvent mixtures of methanol/water and aqueous acetone. The PRF was analyzed in an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography system (UHPLC), equipped with a UV-Vis diode array detector (DAD), as well as electrospray ionization (ESI) and quadruple time of flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry (MS) detectors. Subsequently, the following analysis were determined for the monomer C, dimer PB1 and PRF: Second-order rate constants (Ks), considering the initial stage and the overall reaction with DPPH, using a stopped-flow system; the easiness to reduce the peroxidase-generated free radicals (ABTS); inhibition of lipid peroxidation in a linoleic acid emulsion, as well as the ability to chelate Cu(II) and Zn(II).Results: The dimer PB1 and PRF (mixture of oligomers from trimer to decamer), showed higher Ks to directly inhibit DPPH than the monomer C, and also were more effective to decrease the rates of formation of ABTS in the presence of peroxidase. However, the degree of polymerization was not a determining factor in the behavior of procyanidins to inhibit the free radicals formed during the peroxidation of linoleic acid in an emulsion system. Sorghum procyanidins showed greater ability to chelate copper than zinc, and their chelating ability was greater as the degree of polymerization increased.Conclusions: The kinetic behavior of sorghum procyanidins revealed that PRF possess great potential to inhibit different free radicals, as well as for chelating copper.
Indicadores de uso sustentable del agua en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua
Authors: Cervera Gómez Luis Ernesto
Published: March 2020

Este trabajo propone la generación de indicadores que permitan un avance en la evaluación del uso sustentable del agua en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. Para la medición de sustentabilidad se propone un modelo sistemático que involucra a la sociedad, la infraestructura, las instituciones y el medio ambiente. Se logra avanzar en la generación y medición de indicadores que tienen que ver con la calidad de vida de la sociedad, el estado actual de la infraestructura de agua potable y la respuesta en materia de tratamiento. Estos indicadores son: 1. acceso al agua segura; 2. acceso a instalaciones sanitarias adecuadas; 3. conexiones domiciliarias; 4. precio del agua; 5. consumo del agua; y 6. aguas residuales tratadas. Los resultados indican que en Ciudad Juárez el sistema municipal de agua y saneamiento presenta buenos indicadores de uso sustentable del agua; esto sin considerar la tasa de extracción-recarga del acuífero y la calidad del agua potable. Quedan por trabajar los indicadores sobre las instituciones o el marco legal (gobernabilidad del agua), sobre participación ciudadana y sobre impacto al medio ambiente.