bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress Hyperglycemia Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Subsequent Development of Diabetes Among Bacteremic and Nonbacteremic Patients
Authors: Wang Xiansong , Cheng Frankie T.F. , Lam Thomas Y.T. , Liu Yingzhi , Huang Dan , Liu Xiaodong , Chen Huarong , Zhang Lin , Ali Yusuf , Wang Maggie H.T. , Yu Jun , Gin Tony , Chan Matthew T.V. , Wu William K.K. , Wong Sunny H.
Published: March 2022

Objective: Stress hyperglycemia
is associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) among survivors
of critical illness. We investigated
whether non-diabetic patients hospitalized for bacteremia or non-bacteremic
diseases with transient stress hyperglycemia would have a higher risk of subsequent
DM development, compared to those who remained normoglycemic.

Research design
and methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted on 224,534 in-patients
with blood culture records. Stress hyperglycemia was defined based on the
highest random glucose level ≥ 7.8 mmol/L during the index admission period. Diagnosis of DM, as the primary endpoint of
interest, was defined
based on diagnostic codes, blood test results or medication records. Differences
in cumulative incidence and hazard ratios (HRs) of DM between groups were assessed
using Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox regression.

Results: After exclusion of patients with pre-existing or undiagnosed
DM or indeterminate DM status and propensity score-matching, bacteremic
patients with stress hyperglycemia had a significantly higher cumulative
incidence of DM (HR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2 – 2.4), as compared with those who remained
normoglycemic. Stress hyperglycemia was further confirmed to be a DM predictor independent
of age, sex, comorbidity, and other serological markers. For the non-bacteremic
patients, stress hyperglycemia was similarly associated with a higher
cumulative incidence of DM (HR: 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2 – 1.7).

Conclusions: Hospitalized patients
with transient stress hyperglycemia had a higher risk of subsequent DM development,
compared to the normoglycemic counterparts. Recognition of an increased risk of
DM in these patients can allow early detection and monitoring in their
subsequent follow-ups.
The program of enteral correction of homeostasis disorders and its effect on intestinal permeability in acute poisoning
Authors: Potskhveriya M. M. , Matkevich V. A. , Goldfarb Yu. S. , Simonova A. Yu. , Stolbova N. E. , Tyurin I. A. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: March 2022

Background. The problem of pathologically increased permeability of the intestinal wall is actualized with the accumulation of information about the correlation of this phenomenon with complications of an inflammatory nature and multiple organ failure in critical conditions, including acute poisoning.Aim of study. To assess the effect of the program of enteral correction of homeostasis disorders on intestinal permeability in acute poisoning.Material and methods. 40 patients (67.5% of women and 32.5% of men) admitted at the Intensive Care Unit as part of the Scientific Department of Acute Poisonings and Somatopsychiatric Disorders of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine were examined, 20 of them (group I) with severe acute oral poisoning with corrosive substances: acetic acid 35.6% and alkali (sodium hydroxide) 64.4 %, as well as 20 patients (group II) with severe acute oral poisoning with psychopharmacological agents. Both groups were divided into two subgroups: I-a and II-a – (10 patients in each), in whom an enteral correction program was used in addition to the standard treatment, and I-b and II-b comparison groups (10 patients in each each) who received only standard therapy.Results. It was found that in all observed patients with severe acute oral poisoning with corrosive substances, as well as psychopharmacological agents, the ratio of lactulose / mannitol concentration in urine as an indicator of intestinal permeability was increased before the start of treatment in relation to its reference value of 3.8-4.9 times.After 5 days, in patients who received the enteral correction program, the lactulose/mannitol ratio decreased by 15.4% in cases of poisoning with corrosive substances, and by 19.8% in cases of poisoning with psychopharmacological agents. At the same time, in patients with poisoning with corrosive substances, who received standard treatment, this parameter decreased by only 1%. Attention was drawn to the fact that in patients with psychopharmacological agents poisoning who received standard therapy, the intestinal permeability index after 5 days did not decrease, but continued to increase and exceeded the initial value by 11.4%.Conclusion. With the help of the enteral correction program, it is possible to reduce the permeability of the intestinal wall in acute poisoning with corrosive substances and psychopharmacological agents.
Available methods to enhance regenerative potential of plastic materials for bone defects replacement in orthopedics. Part 1. Autologous platelet rich plasma
Authors: Fayn A. M. , Vaza A. Yu. , Gnetetskiy S. F. , Skuratovskaya K. I. , Bondarev V. B. , Bogolyubskiy Yu. A. , Titov R. S. , Sergeev A. Yu.
Published: March 2022

The main method of surgical treatment of patients with post-traumatic disorders of bone regeneration is the use of bone grafting. Until now, the optimal plastic material has been a bone autograft, which use involves additional trauma to the patient. Alternative materials that are used for grafting have only an osteoconductive effect, of varying effectiveness. To optimize the properties of plastic materials, giving them an osteostimulating effect, they can be used in combination with biologically active substances. A source of biologically active substances can be platelet-rich plasma, platelet lysate and red bone marrow. This literature review includes a description of three main methods to stimulate osteogenesis. The first part examines the mechanism of action of platelet-rich plasma, indications and contraindications for its use, describes the results of treatment when platelet-rich plasma is used to stimulate osteogenesis. Platelet-rich plasma is a product of a human native blood obtained by centrifugation. The output is a high concentration of platelets in a small volume of plasma, which contain growth factors and cytokines that have a direct effect on the regeneration process. Local platelet-rich plasma therapy is performed to stimulate osteogenesis. Autologous platelet-rich plasma with growth factors contained in α-granules of platelets is injected into an allogeneic graft or into a fracture zone. The aim of this article is to summarize the results of treatment using platelet-rich plasma to improve bone regenerative potential in orthopaedics.
ЗАСОБИ ВИЯВЛЕННЯ КІБЕРНЕТИЧНИХ АТАК НА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ СИСТЕМИ
Authors:   Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, Толюпа С. , Лукова-Чуйко Н. , Шестяк Я.
Published: March 2022

Системи виявлення мережевих вторгнень і виявлення ознак кібератак на інформаційні системи вже давно застосовують як один із необхідних рубежів оборони інформаційних систем. Сьогодні системи виявлення вторгнень і атак – це зазвичай програмні або апаратно-програмні рішення, які автоматизують процес контролю подій, що відбуваються в інформаційній системі або мережі, а також самостійно аналізують ці події в пошуках ознак проблем безпеки. Оскільки кількість різних типів і способів організації несанкціонованих проникнень у чужі мережі за останні роки значно збільшилася, системи виявлення атак (СВА) стали необхідним компо- нентом інфраструктури безпеки більшості організацій. Незважаючи на існування численних методів виявлення аномалій, їхня слабка стійкість, відсутність верифікації, велика кількість хибних спрацьовувань, вузька спеціалізація та дослідницький характер не дають змоги широко їх використовувати. Одним із найпоширеніших типів атак є DDoS-атака – атака типу “відмова в обслуговуванні”, яка за допомогою переривання або призупинення обслуговування хост- сервера робить онлайн-сервіс недоступним для користувачів. У статті запропоновано аналіз такої атаки, можливості її виявлення та реалізації.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ АНАЛІЗУ СЕСІЙ З ПРИСТРОЯМИ ІОТ ДЛЯ БОРОТЬБИ ІЗ БОТНЕТАМИ
Authors:   Національний університет ", Шпур Ольга ,   Львівська політехніка", Тукало С. , Костів О.
Published: March 2022

Розроблено систему аналізу сесій із пристроями ІоТ для боротьби із ботнетами і, як наслідок, – захисту пристроїв мережі Інтернету речей від проникнення зловмисних мереж ботів. Для її реалізації запропоновано власний ботнет на основі протоколу SSH. Задля забезпечення високої надійності та децентралізованості ботнет здійснює керування через окремий сервер баз даних, в якому міститься інформація про стан ботів, а також загальна інформація про кожного з них. Запропонована система аналізу сесій реалізована за принципом Honeynet мереж, але по суті є гібридною, оскільки використовує модель автоном- них агентів, модель моніторингу мережі та модель виявлення вторгнень на основі поведінки. Командний сервер може викрадати файли із зараженого бота, виконувати будь-які операції від імені адміністратора, а також вражати розумні пристрої. Для дослідження використано смарт-годинник, який працює за допомогою Bluetooth LE. Як результат створено власну систему захисту від ботнетів, яка дає змогу аналізувати хост та виявляти основні ознаки наявності цього хоста в мережі ботів. Це дозволяє оперативно зреагувати та почати проти- діяти такому зараженню. Система дає змогу отримати дані про встановлені активні з’єднання SSH, команди, які віддалено запускаються на цьому хості, а також автоматично заблокувати встановлені з’єднання та не допустити проникнення нових. У результаті тестування запро- понованої системи здійснено атаку на пристрій ІоТ та заблоковано зловмисника, що під- тверджує ефективність розробки.
Algorithm forming randomized system of iterative functions by based cantor structure
Authors:   Lviv Polytechniс National University, Yunak О. , Shpur O. , Klymash M. , Strykhaliuk B.
Published: March 2022

This paper has been considered the results of the development of the randomized system of iterated functions (RSIF) formation algorithm from the existing fractal image of the “Fractal Dust” type (the Cantor set). The mathematical formulas and patterns for calculating the RSIF coefficients have been derived. This algorithm is to find the formulas of functions relative to the center of the first iteration of the fractal structure. This makes it possible to determine a randomized system of iterative functions from an existing fractal image. The construction algorithm does not use recursive functions and the entry of the loop into the loop, which allows without spending a lot of computing power, and is quite optimized. The algorithm will allow you to make direct and inverse transformations without involving additional software and hardware resources. The use of forward and inverse transformations will allow in the future to form a source data set for neural networks, which will form the basis of object recognition systems.
Bayesian Meta-Analysis to Validate Correlate of Protection for High Vaccine Efficacy Clinical Trials
Authors: Enweonye Igwebuike , Umeh Edith Uzoma
Published: March 2022

In clinical trials, a correlate (surrogate) of protection (CoP) endpoint must be properly validated through rigorous sound methods before it may be approved for use. The validation of surrogate in the context of high vaccine efficacy trials, however, poses great challenge due to sparse data; and conventional methods for statistical validation of surrogate are no longer adequate. Although idea of surrogacy was developed in the context of a single trial, the meta-analytic approach, which allows both individual and trial level surrogacy, has become well accepted. However, the meta-analytic joint bivariate full models suffer computational issues. To ease the challenge, aggregate data may be used but it leads to loss of information. In this manuscript the direct application of individual level (instead of aggregate) data in a Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling framework was proposed. The proposed method uses reduced bivariate models with trial specific random effects of treatment on the endpoints and no correlated residuals. Simulated data consist several scenarios, each of which has 5000 participants data, 50 subgroups (used as trials) characterised by size of 100 participants per trial randomised in the ratio 1:1 to vaccinated and unvaccinated treatment groups. The meta-analysis showed improved quality of the CoP compared to literature based on aggregate data. There were no computational issues with the proposed hierarchical model.

2.11.0.0
Effects of Shoot Apex Removal on Growth and Yield Attributes of Cotton
Authors: Awan Z. A. , Saleem M. , Khan L. A. , Imran A. U.
Published: March 2022

The current study was designed to investigate the effect of shoot apex removal on the growth and yield attributes of the cotton crop. A field experiment was conducted in the cotton-growing season (2020-2021) at Muzaffargarh, district of South Punjab. The field trial was comprised of two acres of land where one acre of land was considered as treatment (cotton plants with shoot apex removal) and the other acre of land served as a control plot (cotton plants without shoot apex removal). The data were collected fortnightly (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th times) from the randomly selected cotton plants (n=50) from the treated and control plot after fifteen days of treatment (shoot apex removal). The data were comprised of vegetative parameters (i.e., plant height, no. of nodes and leaves), reproductive parameters (i.e., no. of squares, flowers, immature/mature bolls, the opening of bolls and boll weight) and cotton fiber quality parameters [i.e., fiber length, strength, finesse and GOT (ginning outturn)]. Descriptive analysis was employed on all data recorded through an independent two-sample t-test to evaluate the positive effect of shoot apex removal in cotton production. Our results indicated that after removing the top shoot of the cotton plants, greater effects had started to occur in the treated plants such as vegetative growth had become significantly (at p≤0.001) slow down and reproductive growth considerably (at p≤0.01) enhanced. Besides, removal of the shoot apex in cotton plants has developed resistance against the sucking pest i.e., pink bollworm infestation significantly reduced by 50% and whitefly population has lessened by 11%. The results also indicated that this treatment significantly augmented (at p≤0.01) the boll weight by 12%, as well as improved the cotton fiber length, strength and fineness by 7% as compared to the normal cotton plant. It was concluded that shoot apex removal caused cotton plants to produce numerous lateral shoots to develop more branches to carry more cotton bolls on them eventually significantly enhancing the cotton yield by 13% (18 monds acre-1) as compared to the control plot. It can be suggested that the practical implementation of removing the shoot apex of the cotton plant would act as a promising technique to enhance the cotton yield.
Synthesis and Applications of β–cyclodextrin Incorporated Carica Papaya Leaf Extract Electrospun Nanofibers
Authors: Afinisha Deepam L. S. , Guja J. B. , Aswathy Sudhakar S. , Paul Raj L. S.
Published: March 2022

Electrospinning is an easier and more useful technique that uses electrostatic forces to yield very thin fibers of polymer enriched substances in the nanometer range. So many other techniques are used for the synthesis of nanofibers, yet electrospinning has proven to be an efficient method that has a significant effect on their properties. In the present study, the production of polymer enhanced nanofibers of Carica papaya leaf extracts was done using Electrospinning. The supra molecular cyclodextrin incorporated Carica papaya leaf extract nanofibers were also prepared using Electrospinning method. The nanofiber mats were subjected to UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, FT-IR, FESEM and Anti-Bacterial analysis. The studies showed the supramolecular incorporated extract is having more effect as a drug than the normal extract alone.
The Effects of Various Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Density of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Symbiont
Authors: Downs Gabby , Upadhyay Devang , Mandjiny Sivanadane , Holmes Leonard
Published: March 2022

Entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and their bacterial symbionts Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus luminescens (P. luminescens), represent a specific agricultural niche. The successful integration of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) as regular use biological control agents require specific knowledge and understanding of the adaptation and establishment of applied biological control agents in agricultural ecosystems. For many years, the pest management capabilities of these pathogenic partnerships have been implemented in biological control settings. In this study, ten fertilizers were examined to explore the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) on the production of entomopathogenic bacteria Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus luminescens. Laboratory exposure to fertilizer concentrations (0.5-2.5%) was used to determine the production of each bacterial species. Results conclude that P. luminescens are generally more sensitive to fertilizer than X. nematophila. Moreover, fertilizers containing high nitrogen suppressed bacterial densities more readily than those with lesser amounts. This paper summarizes the effects of the three important nutrients found in various concentrations of organic and inorganic fertilizers on entomopathogenic bacteria production.
E-Learning: A successful Methodology and Enhancement in English Language Teaching and Learning During Covid-19 pandemic: The Case of King Khalid University in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Dhanapal Chitra
Published: March 2022

Most of the institutions changed to fulltime eLearning method during Covid-19 pandemic but eLearning methodology helped the educational process with interruption. This paper shows the efficiency of eLearning in Science and Arts College for Girls, King Khalid University. Another view of this study is focused on how eLearning methodologies and its tools functioned during Covid-19 pandemic in teaching and learning English language. To find out the result, quantitative survey was conducted among the English departments’ faculties and students from King Khalid University, Al-Majadra branch.
Effects of Cholesterol and Treatment on Drug Concentration in the Blood Stream and Stomach
Authors: Bunonyo K. W. , Ebiwareme L. , Awomi P. Z.
Published: March 2022

This paper aimed to investigate the effect of cholesterol on drug concentration and transportation from one region to another in the human body, especially to a targeted site. In this article, we performed a reformulation and incorporated constant cholesterol growth exponentially, as well as introduced the treatment in an attempt to understand the behavior of a drug administered in the human body over time. The modified models were solved using the Laplace method, where analytical results were obtained for the drug concentration in the bloodstream and that of the stomach, respectively. The Wolfram Mathematica software was used to simulate the analytical results where the entering parameters, such as the treatment parameter and the cholesterol parameter, were investigated by varying them, and the result revealed the following: (1). The cholesterol intake into the bloodstream inhibits drug diffusion from one region to another. (2). The drug concentration in the stomach steadily decreases from the initial injected concentration of 500 to 0.375998 units between 0 and 20 hours. (3). With the treatment as a control, the concentration delays attaining a peak of its activity before fading. (4). The drug concentration attains peaks in the same time frame of 0–4 hours with the rate of drug movement from the stomach to the bloodstream as 0.7448 and the rate of drug elimination from the body as 0.2213.
New Series for Construction of Second Order Rotatable Designs
Authors: Bhatra Charyulu N. Ch. , Saheb Shaik A. , Jayasree G.
Published: March 2022

Second order Rotatable designs have good significance in response surface methodology. In this paper, two new seriesfor the construction the same using Binary Ternary Designs were presented with illustrated examples.
The Psychology of a Spy: Cicero (Elyesa Bazna, 1904-1970)
Authors: Bostock William Walter
Published: March 2022

Cicero was one of the most important spies of World War II. As valet to the British Ambassador to neutral Turkey, he was able to photograph many Top Secret documents, including detailed plans for the Allied D Day Landing in France, and sell them to the Germans. Using his autobiography and the published account of his handler, it is possible to note that Cicero did not display symptoms of psychiatric disorder, but his personality and character were complicated and in conformity with a model of the psychology of the spy that has been proposed. In over all assessment, Cicero’s spying activities brought little benefit to the Germans as they did not accept as genuine what was being presented to them, and no benefit to Cicero himself as he was mainly paid in counterfeit bank notes.
Development of 11 kV and 33 kV Electrical Distribution Networks in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Htut Myat Ye , Shvedov Galaktion V. ,   NRU MPEI
Published: March 2022

A drastic (by about a factor of three) increase of electricity demand is predicted for the next decade in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. It is planned to connect all households to the country’s national power grid. These electrical load growth rates will require, first of all, a significant development of the 11 kV and 33 kV electrical distribution networks. The load curves of 33 kV substations are given. The results of the first load measurements in 11 kV electrical distribution networks are presented. Based on the load curves and load measurement results, the loading patterns of 11 kV and 33 kV power lines and 33/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV transformers were analyzed for the studied electrical networks of the Republic of Myanmar Mandalay district. In most cases, the existing load of 33/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV transformers does not exceed 65%, which allows their loading to be doubled without exceeding the permissible systematic overload capacity. The 33 kV lines also have at least a 100% transmission capacity margin. Most of 11 kV lines have no more than 40% capacity margin. The load of some 11 kV lines has reached the maximum level. Based on the obtained analysis results, the development lines of distribution networks in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar have been determined.
The Founders of the Mechanical-Mathematical Disciplines at the MPEI Power Machinery Engineering Faculty
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Merkuryev Igor V. , Khromatov Vasiliy E. ,   NRU MPEI
Published: March 2022

The article describes the historical stages through which disciplines of the mechanical and mathematical profile were formed and developed at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute. The scientific activities of V.V. Bolotin, I.V. Novozhilov, and Yu.G. Martynenko, who were the founders of these scientific schools, are outlined.
Continuity and maximal quasimonotonicity of normal cone operators
Authors:   ", Bianchi Monica ,   Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano, Dipartimento di Matematica per le Scienze Economiche, Finanziarie ed Attuariali, Via Necchi 9, Milano, Italy e-mail: monica.bianchi@unicatt.it", Hadjisavvas Nicolas ,   "University of the Aegean, Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering, Konstantinoupoleos 1, Ermoupoli, Syros, Greece e-mail: nhad@aegean.gr", Pini Rita ,   "Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milano, Italy e-mail: rita.pini@unimib.it"
Published: March 2022

In this paper we study some properties of the adjusted normal cone operator of quasiconvex functions. In particular, we introduce a new notion of maximal quasimotonicity for set-valued maps different from similar ones recently appeared in the literature, and we show that it is enjoyed by this operator. Moreover, we prove the $s\times w^*$ cone upper semicontinuity of the normal cone operator in the domain of $f$ in case the set of global minima has non empty interior.
Suseptibilitas Magnetik Tanah Sebagai Indikator Bencana Longsor Daerah Sitinjau Lauik
Authors: Dhani Alvan , Afdal Afdal , Budiman Arif
Published: March 2022

Pengukuran nilai suseptibilitas magnetik tanah untuk memprediksi longsor pada daerah Sitinjau Lauik telah dilakukan menggunakan metoda kemagneta batuan .Â  Sampel tanah diambil berdasarkan daerah yang diduga belum terjadi longsor (L2 dan L3) dan daerah telah terjadi longsor (L1 dan L4) sebanyak empat daerah, sampel diambil dengan variasi kemiringan (atas, tengah, bawah) dan kedalaman 25, 50, dan 75 cm sebanyak 36 titik sampel.Â  Pengukuran suseptibilitas magnetik mengunakan alat Bartington Susceptibility Meter MS2B.Â  Pada daerah diduga belum terjadi longsor nilai Ï‡LF Â rata-rata yaitu 405,9Ã—10-8 m3kg-1, sedangkan pada daerah telah terjadi longsor nilai Ï‡LFÂ  rata-rata yaitu 285,2 Ã—10-8 m3kg-1.Â  Hasil pengukuran nilai suseptibilitas magnetik menunjukkan bahwa tanah yang terkandung di daerah sitinjau lauik mengandung lempung, dengan ditemukannya mineral magnetik seperti illite, montmorillonite, dan hematit yang merupakan mineral penyusun dari lempung. Â Daerah L3 lebih rentan terjadi longsor karena memiliki nilai Ï‡FD (%) berkisar (1,79-7,65)% dengan rata-rata 4,08 %, yang menunjukkan tanah pada L3 telah dipengaruhi oleh perubahan suhu dan cuaca yang akan menyebabkan sifat magnetik dari tanah tersebut melemah dan terjadilah pelapukan pada tanah sehingga memicu pergerakan tanah.Â Measurement of soil magnetic susceptibility to predict landslides in Sitinjau Lauik has been happened by using the rock magnetism method.Â  Sample were taken from four areas based on area that has not happened landslide (L2 and L3) and area where landslide had occurred (L1 and L4). Sample were taken with slope variation ( top, middle, and bottom) and depth of 25, 50, 75 cm for 36 samples.Â  The magnetic susceptibility measurement was performed with Bartington Susceptibility Meter MS2B.Â  The results of measuring the magnetic susceptibility value show that the soil contained in the lauik site contains clay, with the discovery of magnetic minerals such as illite, montmorillonite, and hematite which are the constituent minerals of clay. The L3 area is more prone to landslides because it has a value of Ï‡FD (%) ranging (1.79-7.65)% with an average of 4.08%, which indicates that the soil at L3 has been affected by changes in temperature and weather which will cause magnetic properties from the soil weakens and there is weathering of the soil, which triggers soil movement.
Identifikasi Pencemaran Logam Berat pada Sedimen Sungai Batang Arau Kota Padang Berdasarkan Nilai Suseptibilitas Magnetik
Authors: Yanti Ridha Putri , Afdal Afdal
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan identifikasi pencemaran logam berat pada sedimen Sungai Batang Arau Kota Padang berdasarkan nilai suseptibilitas magnetik. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan mulai dari hulu hingga hilir pada 20 titik dengan kedalaman 10 cm. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan nilai suseptibilitas magnetikÂ  berkisar antara 116,6Ã—10-8 kg-1m3 sampai 914,0Ã—10-8 kg-1m3. Pola Ï‡FD (%) pada scattergram menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh sampel memiliki nilai Ï‡FD (%) < 5%. Hal ini menunjukkan ukuran bulir di lokasi penelitian yaitu bulir non-SP campuran halus dan kasar yang banyak dihasilkan dari proses-proses pencemaran. Berdasarkan nilai suseptibilitas magnetik Â dan pola Ï‡FD (%) pada scattergram daerah penelitian telah mengalami pencemaran dari kategori tercemar rendah hingga tercemar sangat tinggi. Sedimen yang terletak di zona perumahan padat penduduk di kawasan tengah sungai cenderung memiliki nilai suseptibilitas yang lebih tinggi daripada di zona perumahan non-padat penduduk di kawasan hulu. Dapat dikatakan sumber dari pencemaran ini adalah sumber antropogenik.Â Â Identification of heavy metal pollution in the sediments of the Batang Arau River, Padang City based on the magnetic susceptibility value has been carried out. Sampling was collected from upstream to downstream at 20 points with 10 cm depth. The results shows that magnetic susceptibility values range from 116.6Ã— 10-8 kg-1m3 to 914.0 Ã— 10-8 kg-1m3. The pattern of Ï‡FD (%) in the scattergram shows that almost all samples have a value of Ï‡FD (%) <5%. This shows the grain size in the research location, namely the fine and coarse mixture of non-SP grains which are mostly produced from pollution processes. Based on the magnetic susceptibility value and the Ï‡FD(%) patternÂ  in the scattergram, the research area has experienced pollution from low to very high polluted categories. Sediments located in densely populated residential zones in the midstream area Â to have a higher susceptibility value than in non-densely populated residential zones in the upstream area. It can be said that the source of this pollution is an anthropogenic source.
Identifikasi Air Tanah di Daerah Pesisir Pantai Kolbano
Authors: Boimau Yanti , Lestari Anastasia Kadek Dety
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian identifikasi air tanah di wilayah pesisir Kolbano yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menentukan kedalaman air tanah di lokasi penelitian. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode geolistrik dengan konfigurasi Schlumberger. Data yang diperoleh di lokasi penelitian diolah menggunakan software Res2dinv untuk mendapatkan nilai resistivitas batuan di lapangan. Hasil inversi menunjukkan nilai resistivitas batuan terukur pada 3 lintasan yaitu 17,1-27,626 Î©m. Berdasarkan nilai resistivitas yang diperoleh, diasumsikan terdapat 3 jenis lapisan batuan di lapangan, yaitu lempung dengan resistivitas (10-100) Î©m dan aluvium dengan resistivitas (101â€“800 Î©m) dan batugamping (101â€“27.626 Î©m). Potensi batuan sebagai batuan akuifer adalah alluvium. Air tanah yang tersimpan di batuan aluvium terletak pada kedalaman (12-20 m)Â Research on groundwater identification in the coastal area of Kolbano has been carried out, which aims to determine and determine the depth of groundwater at the research location. The method used is the geoelectric method with a schlumberger configuration. The data obtained at the research location were processed using res2dinv software to obtain the rock resistivity value in the field. The inversion results show the measured rock resistivity value on 3 measurement line, namely 17.1-27.626 Î©m Based on the resistivity value obtained, it is assumed that there are 3 types of rock layers in the field, consisting of clay with resistivity (10-100 Î©m) and alluvium with resistivity (101-800 Î©m) and limestone (101-27.626Î©m). Rocks Potential as aquifer rocks is alluvium. Groundwater stored in alluvium rocks lies at a depth (12-20 meters).
Struktur Kristal dan Sifat Kemagnetan Nanopartikel Mn-Ferrite yang Disintesis dari Bahan Alam Pasir Besi
Authors: Kiswanto Heri , Prima Yuniarto Abdul Hakim , Istiqomah Nurul Imani , Suharyadi Edi
Published: March 2022

Nanopartikel Mn-Ferrite berbasis bahan alam pasir besi telah berhasil disintesis dengan metode kopresipitasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh nanopartikel Mn-Ferrite dari pasir besi dan menganalisis struktur kristal serta sifat kemagnetannya. Sampel disintesis dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi NaOH yaitu 3 M, 6 M, dan 9 M. Karakterisasi sampel dilakukan dengan X-ray diffractometer (XRD), tunneling electron microscopy (TEM), dan vibration sample magnetometer (VSM). Pola XRD menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel Mn-ferrite telah berhasil disintesis yang ditandai dengan munculnya puncak difraksi khas spinel ferit. Pola XRD juga mendeteksi beberapa puncak difraksi lain yang diidentifikasi sebagai Î±-Fe2O3 (hematite). Parameter kisi ditemukan meningkat dari 8,32 hingga 8,38 Ã… seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi NaOH. Ukuran kristalit diestimasi dengan persamaan Scherrer yang ditemukan antara 20 hingga 26 nm. Hasil TEM menunjukkan sampel mengalami aglomerasi akibat interaksi magnetik serta tingginya tegangan permukaan antar-butir nanopartikel. Kurva histeresis magnetik menunjukan bahwa sampel bersifat soft-magnetic. Magnetisasi saturasi terukur antara 11,2 emu/gram hingga 12,5 emu/gram, sedangkan koersivitas antara 98 Oe hingga 106 Oe. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan fase impuritas yang bersifat anti-ferromagnetik dengan persentase berbeda-beda untuk masing-masing sampel.
Pemisahan Anomali Regional dan Residual Data Gravitasi Gunung Semeru Jawa Timur
Authors: Anggraeni Firdha Kusuma Ayu
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemisahan anomali regional dan residual pada metode gravitasi studi kasus Gunung Semeru Jawa Timur dengan menggunakan data citra satelit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan yang ada di sekitar lokasi. Pemisahan anomali Bouguer lengkap menjadi anomali regional dan residual menggunakan metode polinomial orde dua. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh hasil anomali residual denga nilai rendah yang diperkirakan sebagai kantung magma dari kawah Jonggring Seloko yang berada di sebelah tenggara Gunung Semeru dan anomali tinggi diperkirakan sebagai batuan beku atau material erupsi dari Gunung Semeru yang berada di sebelah timur dengan arah menuju barat laut, sebelah tenggara dengan arah menuju timur, dan di sebelah utara.
Analisis Akurasi Sistem Sensor IR MLX90614 dan Sensor Ultrasonik berbasis Arduino terhadap Termometer Standar
Authors: Inayah Inayatul
Published: March 2022

Studi uji perbandingan suhu tubuh telah dilakukan menggunakan sensor IR MLX90614 dengan termometer standar. Sistem dirancang menggunakan sensor IR MLX90614 dan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 berbasis arduino. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja sensor IR MLX90614 berdasarkan jarak dan membandingkan hasil pengukurannya dengan termometer standar model: AD80. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan metode perbandingan langsung antara sensor IR MLX90614 dan termometer standar. Pengujian dilakukan dengan metode repeatabilty sebanyak 3 kali pada variasi jarak 10 â€“ 60 cm. Pengujian ini dilakukan pada telapak tangan 3 orang dewasa yang berbeda. Berdasarkan data sheet sensor IR MLX90614, sistem memiliki akurasi yang baik jika sistem memiliki nilai error Â±0.3oC. Akurasi ini terdapat pada pengujian dengan jarak 10, 20, dan 30 cm dengan rata-rata akurasi yaitu 99.7%, 99.5%, dan 99.7%.
Prototipe Rancang Bangun Alat Geolistrik Menggunakan Arduino Uno R3 dan Transceiver nRF24L01+
Authors: Huda Fajrul , Harmadi Harmadi , Pohan Ahmad Fauzi
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan perancangan prototipe alat geolistrik menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino uno r3 dan transceiver nRF24L01+. Sinstem ini dirancang dari beberapa unit yaitu sensor ACS712 sebagai pendeteksi arus yang diinjeksikan dan sensor tegangan sebagai pengukur tegangan pada elektroda potensial. Data yang didapat dikirimkan melalui transceiver nRF24L01+ sebagai alat transmisi data. Karakterisasi sensor ACS712 dilakukan dengan memvariasikan arus terhadap tegangan. Karakterisasi keluaran sensor tegangan dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan dengan voltmeter. Jarak maksimum pengiriman data oleh transceiver nRF24L01+ adalah 480 m tanpa penghalang dan 260 m dengan penghalang. Hasil pengukuran alat geolistrik dibandingkan dengan alat resistivity meter dengan kesalahan rata-rata sebesar 9,53% untuk pengujian pasir, 18,80% untuk pengujian tanah humus, 14,10% untuk pengujian pada tanah liat dan 29,40% pada pengujian lapangan.
Prediksi El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Menggunakan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan (JST)-Backpropagation
Authors: Aprilia Bunga , Marzuki Marzuki , Taufiq Imam
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi nilai indeks ENSO yaituÂ Sea Surface TemperatureÂ (Nino 1.2, Nino 3, Nino 3.4 dan Nino 4),Â Southern Oscillation IndexÂ (SOI) danÂ Multivariate ENSO Index versi 2Â (MEI.v2) yang diambil dari tahun 1979-2018. Prediksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode JST-backpropagationÂ dengan memvariasikanÂ learning rateÂ dan momentum. Semua indeks menghasilkan nilai akurasi prediksi ENSO yang tinggi,Â namun indeks Nino 4 merupakan indeks yang memiliki akurasi tertinggi karena nilaiÂ Mean Square ErrorÂ (MSE) pelatihan dan pengujiannya yang relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan indeks lainnya. Indeks Nino 4 memiliki MSE pelatihan 0,0072739 yang berhenti padaÂ epochÂ ke-69 dan MSE pengujian 0,0085917 dengan akurasi prediksi 99,9989%. Hasil ini diperoleh dari arsitektur JST-backpropagationÂ 12-10-1 dengan nilaiÂ learning rateÂ 0,10 dan momentum 0,40.Â  Prediksi ENSO berdasarkan indeks Nino 4 untuk tahun 2021 menunjukkan keadaan iklim dunia dalam kondisi normal.Â This study aims to predict ENSO index using Sea Surface Temperature (Nino 1.2, Nino 3, Nino 3.4 and Nino 4 indexes), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and Multivariate ENSO Index version 2 (MEI.v2) during Â 1979 - 2018. The prediction was carried out using the ANN-backpropagation method by varying the learning rate and momentum. All indices produce high ENSO prediction accuracy values, but the Nino 4 index is the best one because the Mean Square Error (MSE) for training and testing steps are relatively smaller than other indexes. The Nino 4 index has a training MSE of 0.0072739 which stops at the 69th epoch and a testing MSE of 0.0085917 with a predictive accuracy of 99.9989%. These results were obtained from the back-propagation architecture ANN 12-10-1 with a learning rate of 0.10 and a momentum of 0.40. The prediction of ENSO in 2021 based on the Nino 4 index shows that the world climate condition is under normal conditions.
Identifikasi Karakteristik Mata Air Panas Bumi di Sibanggor Tonga Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Menggunakan Diagram Segitiga Fluida
Authors: Jasmita Murda , Putra Ardian
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang identifikasi karakteristik fluida mata air panas tipe fluida, kesetimbangan, asal usul sumber fluida dan pengenceran mata air panas bumi di Sibanggor Tonga Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Sampel penelitian diambil dari lima sumber mata air dengan volume sampel di setiap lokasi sebanyak 500 ml. Nilai pH dari 5 titik mata air panas berkisarÂ  dari 0,6 sampai 6,3 dan pengukuran temperatur permukaan diperoleh mulai dari 37,6 oC hingga 95,3 oC. Konsentrasi unsur Na, K, Mg, K, B dan Li diukur menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Pengukuran konsentrasi unsur Cl diperoleh dari persamaan konduktivitas yang didapatkan dari alat conductivity meter dan pengukuran konsentrasi SO4 dengan metode visible spectroscopy. Pengukuran konsentrasi HCO3 diukur dengan metode titrasi asam basa. Diagram Cl-HCO3-SO4 menunjukkan semua fluida bertipe sulfat-klorida dan diagram Na-K-Mg menunjukkan semua fluida berada pada immature water yang mengindikasikan fluida telah mengalami reaksi dengan unsur lain saat menuju permukaan. Asal sumber fluida berada jauh dari reservoir atau aliran fluida bergerak secara lateral saat menuju permukaan, yang terlihat dari diagram Cl-B-Li.Â Â Research has been carried out on the identification of the characteristics of the hot spring fluid type, equilibrium, the origin of the fluid source and the dilution of the geothermal springs in Sibanggor Tonga, Mandailing Natal Regency. The research sample was taken from five springs with a sample volume of 500 ml at each location. The pH values of the 5 hot springs ranged from 0.6 to 6.3 and surface temperature measurements were obtained from 37.6Â°C to 95.3Â°C. The concentrations of Na, K, Mg, K, B and Li were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Measurement of the element concentration of Cl is obtained from the conductivity equation obtained from a conductivity meter and measurement of SO4 concentrations using the visible spectroscopy method. HCO3 concentration measurements were measured by the acid-base titration method. The Cl-HCO3-SO4 diagram shows all sulfate-chloride type fluids and the Na-K-Mg diagram shows all fluids are in immature water which indicates that the fluid has undergone a reaction with other elements when it reaches the surface. As long as the fluid source is far from the reservoir or the fluid flow moves laterally towards the surface, as seen from the Cl-B-Li diagram.
Tomografi Kecepatan Seismik 3D Daerah Danau Toba Menggunakan SimulPS12
Authors: Anggraini Novia , Pujiastuti Dwi , Aulia Atin Nur
Published: March 2022

Gunung Toba adalah salah satu gunung purba di Indonesia yang berada di Sumatera Utara. Terdapat dua aktivitas yang mempengaruhi gunung tersebut, yaitu aktivitas vulkanik yang berasal dari magma di bawahnya dan aktivitas tektonik yang berasal dari subduksi Lempang Indo-australia. Meskipun sudah lebih dari 70.000 tahun sejak terakhir kali erupsi dan menyebabkan terbentuknya kaldera vulkano-tektonik tersebar di dunia, yaitu Kaldera Toba, aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut masih ada. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengetahui keadaan di bawahnya adalah dengan melakukan tomografi kecepatan seismik 3D. Pada penelitian ini, program yang digunakan adalah SimulPS12 dan menghasilkan tomogram anomali Vp, Vs dan rasio Vp/Vs.Â  Berdasarkan hasil tomografi tersebut diketahui bahwa zona lemah terdapat pada kedalaman 30 km di bagian tengah Danau Toba dan kedalaman 50 km. Adapun proses partial melting terjadi pada kedalaman sekitar 130 km hingga 50 km yang berasal dari slab subduksi di bawah Danau Toba.Â  Pada kedalaman 30 km, selain anomali negatif, juga terlihat pola anomali Vp dan Vs positif yang mengindikasikan keberadaan bekas konduit dari intrusi magma yang membeku. Selain itu, aktivitas seismik juga terlihat tersebar pada beberapa titik di sekitar Kaldera Toba seperti di Gunung Pusuk Buhit dan Gunung Pardepur.Â Toba volcano is one of the ancient volcanoes in Indonesia located in Northern Sumatera.Â  There were two activities having an affect on the volcano, the volcanic activity from the magma chamber beneath the Toba caldera complex and the tectonic activity from the subduction of Indo-Australia Plate. Despite the last eruption of Toba was about 70.000 years ago, the activities were still exist.Â  The 3D seismic tomography could be carried out to understand the conditions beneath Toba Caldera.Â  In this research, the data was processed using the SimulPS12 program, and tomography images obtained were from Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs ratio. Â The results showed that the weak zones were found in the depth of 30 km in the middle part of Toba Caldera and the depth of 50 km. The partial melting process was in the depth of about 130 km to 50 km beneath Toba Caldera. The depth of 30 km was also found the high anomaly of Vp and Vs which indicated the existence of the remnant conduit of solidified magma.Â  In addition, the other seismic activities could also be found in its vicinity, i. e., in Pusuk Buhit Volcano and Pardepur Volcano.
Pembuatan Karbon Aktif dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit sebagai Elektroda Superkapasitor
Authors: Hardi Amelina Dwika , Joni Rahma , Syukri Syukri , Aziz Hermansyah
Published: March 2022

Pembuatan karbon aktif dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKS) sebagai elektroda superkapasitor sudah diteliti. Karbon aktif dibuat dari proses karbonisasi dan aktivasi menggunakan Kalium Hidroksida (KOH). Karbon aktif TKS dikarbonisasi melalui pembakaran sampel pada suhu 400Â°C dan diaktivasi dengan KOH pada suhu 800Â°C dalam lingkungan gas nitrogen. Karbon aktif TKS dikarakterisasi menggunakan Energi Dispersive X-Ray (EDX),Â  X-Ray Difraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Miscroscopy (SEM), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA).Â  Komposisi unsur karbon yang dihasilkan dari karbon aktif TKS adalah sebesar 88,93 %wt.Â  Struktur kristalit dariÂ  karbon aktif TKS menunjukkan struktur amorf pada sudut 2Î¸ 26,20Â° dan 43,08Â°. Hasil analisis SAA dengan metode Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) didapatkan luas permukaan karbon aktif TKS sebesar 898,229 m2/g. Pengukuran sifat listrik karbon Aktif TKS sebagai elektroda superkapasitor menggunakan larutan elktrolit H2SO4 1M dengan metoda Cyclic Voltametry (CV) didapatkan nilai kapasitansi spesifik sebesar 107,83 F/g.Â Preparation of activated carbon from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (TKS) as a supercapacitor electrode has been investigated. Activated carbon is made from carbonization and activation processes using Potassium Hydroxide (KOH). Activated carbon TKS is carbonized by burning the sample at 400Â°C and activated with KOH at 800Â°C in a nitrogen gas environment. Activated carbon TKS was characterized using Energi Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), X-Ray Difraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Miscroscopy (SEM), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). The composition of the element carbon produced from activated carbon TKS is 88.93% wt. The crystallite structure of TKS activated carbon shows an amorphous structure at an angle of 2Î¸ 26,20Â° and 43,08Â°. The results of the SAA analysis by the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method showed that the surface area of the TKS activated carbon was 898.229 m2/g. Measurement of electrical properties of activated carbon TKS as a supercapacitor electrode using a 1M H2SO4 electrolyte solution with the Cyclic Voltametry (CV) method obtained specific capacitance values of 107.83 F /g.
Manifestações psiquiátricas na reumatologia
Authors: Costa Silvia Poliana Guedes Alcoforado , Araujo Camila Farias , Ramos Taís Simplício , Urquiza Philip Azevedo Costa , Cantilino Amaury
Published: March 2022

A presente revisão de literatura investigou sintomas relacionados à Artrite Reumatoide e ao Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico. Entendemos que um novo paradigma deve ser estabelecido na psiquiatria, ao considerar que a correlação das doenças reumatológicas com sintomas psiquiátricos deve ser valorizada e deve servir de auxílio para o aprimoramento de propostas terapêuticas e diagnósticas na saúde mental. Assim, buscamos traçar indícios de protótipos de condições psiquiátricas mais caracteristicamente associadas às condições reumatológicas citadas. Sintomas relacionados a transtornos de humor, principalmente depressão, foram bastante correlacionados à maior incidência e morbidade na Artrite Reumatoide. Os déficits cognitivos, especialmente moderados, são os sintomas neuropsiquiátricos mais prevalentes no Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico. O tratamento da doença reumatológica de base se mostra primordial para que haja melhora da condição psiquiátrica associada, seja por influência direta ou indireta. Quanto ao Lúpus, as atuais estratégias terapêuticas são, em grande parte, empíricas, realizadas através dos mecanismos imunopatogênicos conhecidos e do que foi observado a partir do tratamento de manifestações graves em outros órgãos. Quanto à Artrite Reumatóiode, o tratamento farmacológico específico da condição psiquiátrica se faz essencial de acordo com a demanda individual de cada paciente, valorizando sempre a intersubjetividade e os aspectos psicossomáticos apresentados.
Elaboración de brownies con chocolate moca a partir de pasta de macambo (Theobroma bicolor) y tres variedades de café (Coffea arabica)
Authors: Goicochea Trauco Elizabeth , Granda Santos Milagros Sadith , Chavez Quintana Segundo Grimaldo
Published: March 2022

El macambo (Theobroma bicolor) es una especie hermana de Theobroma cacao llamado también pataxte o bacau. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar un análisis sensorial y de textura de brownies elaborados con chocolate moca a partir de pasta de macambo y tres variedades de café (Typica, Geisha y Maragogipe). Se inició con la elaboración de la masa, luego el horneado de los brownies y finalmente se realizó el análisis de textura y análisis sensorial. Para la elaboración de los brownies se emplearon chocolates moca de macambo con café con distintas formulaciones: 45, 42 ó 39% de pasta de macambo, y 3, 6 ó 9% de café. Los brownies se hornearon a 180 °C en un tiempo de 35 a 40 min. Los brownies a base de macambo y café obtuvieron una mejor textura según las pruebas de instrumento (Tuckey, p<0,05). En cuanto a la evaluación sensorial todos los tratamientos fueron aceptados por los panelistas en cuanto a los atributos de aroma, color, sabor y textura (Escala hedónica mayor a 5). Se concluye, que la elaboración de brownies con chocolate moca a base de pasta de macambo y café, puede ser un producto nuevo para el consumidor, ya que presenta adecuada textura y son aceptables sensorialmente.