bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Journal Reflections in Student Learning: Morgan State FCS Students Share During the Pandemic
Authors: Dickerson Cassandra
Published: September 2021

The following are journal reflections written by Morgan State University Family and Consumer Sciences-Fashion Merchandising students in 2020, during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. As we navigated through a semester that should have had students completing practicum credits,
they instead wrote about recouping the time and identifying alternative endeavors that would still meet course objectives.
Many emotions were shared through these journal entries—fear, discouragement, disappointment—but they weren't all negative emotions. Some included
hope and perseverance. There was even a journal entry written on a successful costume designer (guest speaker) who challenged them to think of innovative ways to design for a post-COVID-19 apparel industry. The entries below, written during the spring semester—January 2020 thru May 2020—are
in chronological order, listed by date. They were written by 13 different students.
 It is my hope that readers experience a level of empathy and acceptance for themselves after going through this pandemic. It has been an unprecedented year. Hopefully, you will be encouraged by the
freedom of expression that is evident in the entries below.
Lessons for Managing Academic Excellence in a Crisis: Experiential Learning
Authors: Harden Amy J. , Earhart Carla , Webster Craig , Hji-Avgoustis Sotiris
Published: September 2021

Family and consumer sciences (FCS) has a long history in embracing the value of hands-on, project-based learning in the classroom. The value of this learning style extends beyond the classroom through internships and other types of experiential learning. FCS literature is replete with
examples from the early years of the profession to more recent years (e.g., Bell & Haley, 1995; Branegan & Spafford, 1949; Brooks & Simpson, 2014; Dobbs-Oates, 2019; Hurst et al., 2014; Olson & Montgomery, 2000). Internships are traditionally one of the most popular ways to
try out a potential career path and get real-life work experience. For many academic programs, internships are part of the curriculum. In many programs that are aligned with an FCS curriculum, there is a requirement to have an internship experience. However, the recent pandemic has illustrated
that the ability to complete an internship may be dependent upon the predictability of the business environment in which such educational experiences can take place.
Optimal Regularization Method Based on the L-Curve for Solving Rational Function Model Parameters
Authors: Zhou Guoqing , Yuan Man , Li Xiaozhu , Sha Hongjun , Xu Jiasheng , Song Bo , Wang Feng
Published: September 2021

Rational polynomial coefficients in a rational function model (RFM) have high correlation and redundancy, especially in high-order RFMs, which results in ill-posed problems of the normal equation. For this reason, this article presents
an optimal regularization method with the L-curve for solving rational polynomial coefficients. This method estimates the rational polynomial coefficients of an RFM using the L-curve and finds the optimal regularization parameter with the minimum mean square error,
then solves the parameters of the RFM by the Tikhonov method based on the optimal regularization parameter. The proposed method is validated in both terrain-dependent and terrain-independent cases using Gaofen-1 and aerial images, respectively, and compared with
the least-squares method, L-curve method, and generalized cross-validation method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can solve the  RFM parameters effectively, and their accuracy is increased by more than 85% on average relative to the
other methods.
La vie chromatique des objets. Une anthropologie de la couleur de l’art contemporain - Arnaud Dubois, 2019
Authors: Barré Sandra
Published: September 2021

Recensé : Arnaud Dubois, La vie chromatique des objets. Une anthropologie de la couleur de l’art contemporain, Turnhout, Brepols, 2019 (« Techne »), 260 p.
Estrategia socialista versus dominación del capital : notas críticas a propósito de américa latina.
Authors: Bermejo Santos Antonio , Zurbano Cobas Lilian
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta las tensiones dialécticas entre la necesidad de una estrategia socialista mundial y el hecho cierto que representa el dominio creciente del capital. Se llama la atención sobre el proceso paulatino y diverso de la conformación teórico-política de una estrategia socialista frente a la dominación del capital, lo referido a las relaciones dialécticas entre los principios, la práctica política y la elaboración creativa. Asimismo, se considera que las relaciones democráticas populares en Venezuela, Bolivia y Ecuador siguen teniendo ante sí el reto insoslayable de ir fracturando, desde la noción de ritmo revolucionario permanente, la lógica del capital. Acerca de la cuestión política, se enfatiza en la urgencia de una concepción en torno a la utilización revolucionaria de la democracia burguesa, lo que resulta incompatible con la percepción simplista del “juego democrático”, no se trata de adecuarse a dicha democracia, legitimando sus derroteros, sino de trascenderla.
¿Son las mujeres una clase social? : reflexiones sobre la relación entre mujeres, raza y clase.
Authors: Cavaliere Anna
Published: September 2021

El artículo analiza algunas etapas fundamentales en la batalla por los derechos de los hombres y de las mujeres afroamericanas en los Estados Unidos de América, evidenciando las dificultades a las que se enfrentaron, sobre todo como consecuencia de los prejuicios transversalmente difundidos en la sociedad. El artículo se concentra en la originalidad de las posiciones del feminismo negro, mostrando cuánto han sido menospreciadas y malentendidas sus batallas. A partir del texto de Angela Davis, Women, Race & Class, en el artículo se reflexiona sobre el alcance universalista de las reivindicaciones del feminismo hegemónico, y se propone la pregunta; ¿es posible llevar a cabo una lucha en nombre y por cuenta de todas las mujeres, creando un puente entre las diversas clases sociales, o, más aún, asumiendo que las mujeres sean una única clase?
Incidencia de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil latinoamericana (OSCL) en la creación de ambientes habilitantes para su deliberación.
Authors: Artamonov Alexander , Marín Aranguren Erli Margarita
Published: September 2021

En el financiamiento al desarrollo, las Organizaciones de Sociedad Civil fueron reconocidas como actores por derecho propio; y los involucrados se comprometieron a crear ambientes habilitantes. El artículo discute los efectos de participación de Sociedad Civil en Agenda de Eficacia de Ayuda sobre sus capacidades de incidencia dirigida a la creación de ambientes propicios para su deliberación. Como hallazgo, se puede constatar el aumento en la capacidad de incidencia de organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil dirigida a la creación de ambientes propicios como resultado de su participación en Agenda de Eficacia de Ayuda.
A sketch of a negro code : Edmund Burke and the regulation of slavery.
Authors: Vantin Serena
Published: September 2021

This paper analyses Edmund Burke’s view of slavery, focusing in particular on his Sketch of a Negro Code and its legal background. Two forces in tension will be identified: the first one takes imperial economic necessities seriously, within a concept of a legal order based on an “organic” premise; the second one leads to a view of moral equality between human beings that does not exclude black people.
Sobre el populismo de Villacañas.
Authors: Preterossi Geminello
Published: September 2021

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Methodological individualism versus class analysis : the “great recession” as a test case.
Authors: Brancaccio Emiliano , Paul Gabriella
Published: September 2021

While the mainstream economic analysis relates with the other branches of social sciences in an “imperialistic” perspective, an alternative paradigm of social reproduction can contribute to develop an interdisciplinary approach to political economy. Originated in the contributions of Classical economists and Marx and currently developed by the critical schools of economic thought, the paradigm of social reproduction rejects the individualistic foundations of mainstream economics and recognize social classes and related conflicts on production and distribution as essential elements to make economic analysis consistent with the current reality of capitalist development and crisis. In this sense, the alternative paradigm suggests an interpretation of the recent “Great Recession” based on the specific anthropology of consumption of social classes within capitalism and its implications on the pace of aggregate expenditure. Empirical evidence gives support to this interpretation, which also offers some insights about the possible relations between the complex spatial and temporal dynamics of capitalist crisis and the international development of progressive social movements.
La búsqueda imposible de un pueblo.
Authors: Tucci Antonio
Published: September 2021

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Pecados mortales : populismo e instituciones en la tercera ola de disciplinamiento.
Authors: Cappelli Guido
Published: September 2021

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La teoría de las élites y la lucha de la clase global.
Authors: Azzolini Giulio
Published: September 2021

Al acabar la Guerra Fría y derrumbarse la Unión Soviética, se difundió la tesis de que había finalizado la época de la clase y, aún más, la lucha de clase. En este ensayo nos proponemos hacer algunas consideraciones sobre el problema que Luciano Gallino llamaba “la lucha de clase desde arriba”. El período histórico considerado es aquel que empezó en los años setenta del siglo XX como resultado de una voluntad política neoliberista. La perspectiva científica empleada se relaciona con la teoría de la élite en sentido lato. En primer lugar, el ensayo intenta aclarar las ventajas que este enfoque podría facilitar a la hora de redefinir la cuestión general de la lucha de clase. En segundo lugar, se centra en las formas de subjetivación de las minorías organizadas en la “clase capitalista transnacional”. En tercer lugar, traza las principales formas de poder ejercidas por las minorías capitalistas organizadas, enfocándose sobre todo en lo que Charles Lindblom definió “poder estructural”. Finalmente, muestra cómo y porqué el poder estructural es causa y efecto de la erosión de los “espacios políticos” que ordenaron el mundo moderno hasta los llamados “Treinta gloriosos”.
Status of the class in the critque of political economy and politics.
Authors: Basso Luca
Published: September 2021

This essay is centered on the element of the class, often removed in these years, focusing on its conceptual status, its relationship with reality and its critical potential. To address this theoretical plexus, the reference to Marx remains crucial. My essay, which tries to make reflection of Marx (and some Marxist theorists) interact with the contemporary debate, is divided into three parts. The first deals with the relationship between the critique of political economy and politics. The second focuses on the consequences of this approach on the status of the class. In the third part I try to highlight strengths and open problems in the investigated approach. What is at stake is to understand how we can relaunch this question in today’s scenario, changed with respect to the Marxian context, and on the basis of an interaction between the lines of class and race.
Class and party : Daniel Bensaïd’s philosophy of strategy against the randomization of politics.
Authors: Mascat Jamila M.H.
Published: September 2021

This article argues for the centrality of the notion of class struggle in both political theory and praxis in order to counter what E. M. Wood, echoing P. Anderson (1983), has referred to as the «randomization of politics» (1986), namely a politics reduced to pure contingency where no causality between the social and the political is allowed. It suggests that class struggle is precisely the lost cause of radical politics, since class struggle operates as a synthetic principle informing a concept of society as a whole and a view of antagonism as a systemic and totalistic instance. Drawing on Daniel Bensaïd’s «philosophy of strategy» and its critical reading of Marx’s class theory (Bensaïd, 1995; 2002; 2011; 2016), the article suggests that class struggle be rethought as a new «strategic universalism» across the international division of labor. Along the lines of Bensaïd’s understanding of politics as a «strategic art» of recommencement (Bensaïd, 1995), it will be argued here that radical politics cannot do without class struggle or without the party
Verdad y rigorismo de la verdad.
Authors: Villacañas Berlanga José Luis
Published: September 2021

En este artículo trataré de esbozar la evolución de la idea de verdad en la experiencia moderna. Al hacerlo, trataré con tres autores: Koselleck, Weber y Blumenberg. Analizaré la idea de verdad en estrecha relación con la cuestión de la política, es decir, con la cuestión de la res publica, de la formación de la comunidad, de la totalidad social, pero también con el espacio cada vez mayor de la técnica en nuestra condición actual.
The art of truth : remarks made between political and legal discourse.
Authors: Condello Angela
Published: September 2021

In 1873, Nietzsche claimed that a generally and uniformly valid designation is invented for things. This designation has normative force: as a matter of fact, the «linguistic» legislation dominating the practice of language establishes the first laws of truth (On Truth and Lies in a Nonmoral Sense). In other words, for Nietzsche the artificial nature of truth, given the artificial nature of language itself, was out of discussion. In this paper, I approach the contemporary debate on post-truth by juxtaposing it with the idea of «artificial» or «conventional» truth typical of legal discourse and by showing the aporia behind each search for truth. In order to do so, I focus on the specific nature of «legal» truth and I invite to consider the centrality of the performative force of truth-making procedures – crucial for lawyers and legal practice – in order to underline the importance played by technology in the construction of truth also in the political discourse.
Populismo “a la rusa” : una aproximación histórica.
Authors: Scocozza Carmen
Published: September 2021

El artículo quiere ofrecer una reflexión sobre la peculiaridad del populismo ruso que, a lo largo de los años, ha perdido la originaria connotación para afirmarse como un fenómeno híbrido que une elementos propios del populismo contemporáneo con aspectos específicos de la tradición rusa. La escasa participación de cuerpos intermedios, el uso de un discurso mesiánico para justificar nuevos proyectos políticos, y la afirmación de líderes carismáticos que actúan en nombre de un pueblo visto como una masa indistinta incapaz de hacer oír su voz, son condiciones propias de fenómenos populistas que han caracterizado la historia de Rusia también. El mismo Putin, a pesar de no haber surgido de una plataforma populista, se ha convertido en un modelo de referencia para los populistas del siglo XXI perpetuando en su país un sistema que impide la consolidación de una democracia sustancial en favor de un poder autoritario fuertemente personalizado.
¿Cómo se argumenta? : una aproximación pragmático-dialéctica.
Authors: Conza Giusy
Published: September 2021

En el presente ensayo intento demostrar, partiendo del rol que el “derecho viviente” está adquiriendo en el complejo panorama jurídico, la centralidad de la argumentación jurídica. Al mismo tiempo, teniendo en cuenta la importante contribución que Atienza le ha dado a la teoría de la argumentación jurídica, aclararé cómo se argumenta un caso práctico siguiendo un enfoque pragma-dialéctico. El objetivo será demostrar cómo esta lectura puede constituir una base teórica de resoluciones de conflictos jurídicos.
Joy to the world : the satisfaction of post-truth.
Authors: Kalpokas Ignas
Published: September 2021

This article aims to uncover the key preconditions and characteristics of post-truth as well as the contextual factors explaining its appeal. The key factor appears to be posttruth’s ability to incite pleasure, in terms of both it being unconstrained by veracity and the advance and the capacity to know what the necessary pleasure-inciting variables are through big data analysis. That neatly corresponds with the general rise to prominence of satisfaction and affective mobilisation in competition over increasingly scarce audience attention, making post-truth a distinctly contemporary phenomenon.
From motherhood to the symbolic order of the mother : feminist routes starting from “the undecidable imprint”.
Authors: Cavaliere Anna
Published: September 2021

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Simone Regazzoni, Iperomanzo : filosofia come narrazione complessa, Il Melangolo, Genova 2018, pp. 110.
Authors: Cucco Ishvarananda
Published: September 2021

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About postverità e altri enigmi, by Maurizio Ferraris, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2017.
Authors: Jellamo Anna
Published: September 2021

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The ground trembling under our feet : truth, politics and solitude.
Authors: Alagna Mirko
Published: September 2021

Fake news, Post-Truth are now entries into the ordinary language of contemporary politics to denote - with anxiety and concern - the definitive rupture of the relationship between truth and politics. A relationship that has never been idyllic and that cannot be, constitutively, idyllic, but which now seems to have reached a point of no return. Glossing the reflections of Hannah Arendt in Truth and Politics and pointing out two areas of “political licence” - that is, two areas where, inevitably, politics cannot be judged on parameters of truth - this contribution aims to treat the weakness of shared truths not as a cause of the crisis of democracies, but as a symptom of a more radical problem, an extreme subjectivism that leads to loneliness and intolerance towards any relationship based on trust.
The real of fake news.
Authors: Bazzicalupo Laura
Published: September 2021

Fake news generated nowadays broad debates. The spread of fake news intertwines with the phenomenon of populism and the crisis of democracy. Indeed, the cornerstone of democracy, the freedom of public opinion, is the assumption that authenticity of facts is not altered. The separation of opinions from facts as the basis of democratic participation in political scene is the emblematic position of Hannah Arendt. But If it is acceptable that fake news must be countered by correct realism, we must be aware of the mutual implication of both terms at stake: subjects and reality. What is the real of fake news?
Stress management intervention to enhance adolescent resilience: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kallianta Maria-Despoina K. , Katsira Xrysoula E. , Tsitsika Artemis K. , Vlachakis Dimitrios , Chrousos George , Darviri Christina , Bacopoulou Flora
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week stress management intervention to enhance resilience and coping techniques and decrease stress in adolescent students. Teenagers, 11 to 17 years old, recruited from two tertiary Adolescent Medicine Centers of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, were randomly assigned into two groups: the stress management group (n=24) and the control group (n=25). Resilience, stress, anxiety, everyday use of social media, school performance and cognitive skills were measured in adolescents of both groups, pre- and post-intervention. Post-intervention, the stress management group had significantly higher resilience scores and school performance self-evaluation scores, lower scores of stress, anxiety and everyday use of social media and better cognitive skills than the control group. Regarding cognitive skills, the stress management group significantly improved the speed of information processing and memory. Adolescents following stress management experienced significantly reduced stress from interacting with teachers/parents, from peer pressure, from school/leisure conflict as well as compulsive behaviours. With respect to resilience, the intervention improved adolescents’ individual skills and resources, relationships with primary caregivers, and environmental factors that facilitated the sense of belonging. Future studies of large adolescent samples are required to evaluate the long-term benefits of stress management techniques on adolescents' health and resilience, as well as the need of continued support to preserve these benefits throughout transition to adulthood.
Identification of intracellular glycosaminoglycan-interacting proteins by affinity purification mass spectrometry
Authors: Großkopf Henning , Vogel Sarah , Müller Claudia Damaris , Köhling Sebastian , Dürig Jan-Niklas , Möller Stephanie , Schnabelrauch Matthias , Rademann Jörg , Hempel Ute , von Bergen Martin , Schubert Kristin
Published: September 2021

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are essential functional components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Artificial GAGs like sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) exhibit pro-osteogenic properties and boost healing processes. Hence, they are of high interest for supporting bone regeneration and wound healing. Although sulfated GAGs (sGAGs) appear intracellularly, the knowledge about intracellular effects and putative interaction partners is scarce. Here we used an affinity-purification mass spectrometry-based (AP-MS) approach to identify novel and particularly intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). Overall, 477 proteins were found interacting with at least one of four distinct sGAGs. Enrichment analysis for protein localization showed that mainly intracellular and cell-associated interacting proteins were identified. The interaction of sGAG with α2-macroglobulin receptor-associated protein (LRPAP1), exportin-1 (XPO1), and serine protease HTRA1 (HTRA1) was confirmed in reverse assays. Consecutive pathway and cluster analysis led to the identification of biological processes, namely processes involving binding and processing of nucleic acids, LRP1-dependent endocytosis, and exosome formation. Respecting the preferentially intracellular localization of sGAG in vesicle-like structures, also the interaction data indicate sGAG-specific modulation of vesicle-based transport processes. By identifying many sGAG-specific interacting proteins, our data provide a resource for upcoming studies aimed at molecular mechanisms and understanding of sGAG cellular effects.
Pandemics and the Anti-vaccination Movement: Analyzing Anti-Vaxxers’ Privacy Rights During a Global Pandemic
Authors: Wier Harrison
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a resurgence of questions regarding individual freedoms and the anti-vaccination movement. In this article, I address those questions and what specific rights individuals have during a global pandemic.
Variables are valuable: making a case for deductive modeling
Authors: Tizón-Couto David , Lorenz David
Published: September 2021

Following the quantitative turn in linguistics, the field appears to be in a methodological “wild west” state where much is possible and new frontiers are being explored, but there is relatively little guidance in terms of firm rules or conventions. In this article, we focus on the issue of variable selection in regression modeling. It is common to aim for a “minimal adequate model” and eliminate “non-significant” variables by statistical procedures. We advocate an alternative, “deductive modeling” approach that retains a “full” model of variables generated from our research questions and objectives. Comparing the statistical model to a camera, i.e., a tool to produce an image of reality, we contrast the deductive and predictive (minimal) modeling approaches on a dataset from a corpus study. While a minimal adequate model is more parsimonious, its selection procedure is blind to the research aim and may conceal relevant information. Deductive models, by contrast, are grounded in theory, have higher transparency (all relevant variables are reported) and potentially a greater accuracy of the reported effects. They are useful for answering research questions more directly, as they rely explicitly on prior knowledge and hypotheses, and allow for estimation and comparison across datasets.
Baicalin improves podocyte injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Ou Yi , Zhang Wenjuan , Chen Shaopeng , Deng Haihua
Published: September 2021

Objective

To investigate the effect of baicalin on diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and podocytes and its mechanism.

Methods

The rat models with DN were established by high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and weight of rats in each group were measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. Their biochemical indicators, expression of inflammatory, and antioxidant factors were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer together with ELISA. Hematoxylin–eosin staining and periodic acid-schiff staining were used to observe the morphological changes in the kidneys of rats in each group. Finally, the expressions of related molecules and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway proteins in renal tissues and podocytes were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot.

Results

Compared with the DN group, the FBG and weight, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, microalbumin, and albumin/creatinine ratio were all significantly decreased in the Baicalin treatment groups in a concentration-dependent manner. The levels of inflammatory factors in kidney tissue and podocytes were decreased. In addition, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde in tissue were decreased, while the superoxide dismutase was increased. The pathological sections showed that glomerular atrophy and glomerular basement membrane thickening caused by hyperglycemia were improved in the Baicalin treatment groups. Meanwhile, baicalin inhibited the downregulation of Nephrin and Podocin expressions and upregulation of Desmin expression caused by DN, and inhibited the expressions of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR proteins.

Conclusion

Baicalin slows down podocyte injury caused by DN by inhibiting the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Hurdle in taxonomy: A case of malaria parasites and other Haemosporidia
Authors: Mandal Fatik Baran
Published: September 2021

A crucial progress in taxonomy matches with the growth of various branches of biological sciences. This validates the taxonomic positions of many organisms.Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium,the members of the Haemosporidia, are the well recognized parasitic genera. Revisiting the progress in animal taxonomy appears to be important to evaluate our studies. Haemosporidia being microscopic, their taxonomy specially the morphotaxonomy has sometimes created confusion. Therefore, analysis of progression of the taxonomy of the avian Haemosporidia demands special attention. Modern phylogenetic analyses revealed a wealth of information, which is undoubtedly useful for protozoology and other related sciences. Techniques of molecular taxonomy are applied to draw the phylogeny covering members of Haemosporidia. The study of the life cycles of both hosts and parasites are absorbing. Besides, analysis of their evolution through molecular phylogenetics appears to be vital in studying haemosporidians and to gain insight for basic and applied sciences. This article examines the potential of molecular phylogenetics in refining systematics of avian Haemosporidia and to explain a holistic view of the group.
The influence of gas purification and addition of macro amounts of metal-carbonyl complexes on the formation of single-atom metal-carbonyl-complexes
Authors: Wittwer Yves , Eichler Robert , Zingg Ronald , Herrmann Dominik , Türler Andreas
Published: September 2021

Using the Fast On-line Reaction Apparatus (FORA), the influence of various gas-purification columns onto the formation of metal carbonyl complexes (MCCs) under single-atom chemistry conditions was investigated. MCCs were synthesized from single atoms of Mo, Tc, Ru and Rh being produced by the spontaneous fission of252Cf and recoiling into a CO-gas containing carrier gas atmosphere. Thein-situsynthesized MCCs were volatile enough to be transported by the carrier gas to a charcoal trap where they were adsorbed and their subsequent decay was registered byγ-spectrometry. It was found that the type and combination of purification columns used to clean the applied CO-gas strongly influences the obtained formation and transport yields for all MCCs. With the exception of Rh-carbonyl, intense gas-purification strategies resulted in reduced formation and transport yields for MCCs in comparison with less efficient or even completely missing purification setups. It was postulated that the observed reduction in yield might depend on the content of Fe(CO)5and Ni(CO)4, as well as potentially other MCCs, in the CO-gas, being formed by the interaction between CO and the steel-surfaces of FORA as well as from impurities in the used charcoal traps. Subsequently, it was shown that macro amounts of Fe(CO)5, Ni(CO)4, Mo(CO)6and Re2(CO)10added to the used process gas indeed increase significantly the overall yields for MCCs produced by252Cf fission products. Ni(CO)4appeared the most potent to increase the yield. Therefore, it was used in more detailed investigations. Using isothermal chromatography, it was shown that Ni(CO)4 does not affect the speciation of carbonyl species produced by the 252Cf fission product 104Mo. For 107Tc, 110Ru and 111Rh a speciation change cannot be excluded. For111Rh a speciation change cannot be excluded. An inter-carbonyl transfer mechanism is suggested boosting the formation of MCCs. The current discovery might allow for new opportunities in various research fields, which are currently restricted by the low overall yields for MCCs produced under single-atom chemistry conditions. Examples are the chemical investigation of transactinides or the generation of radioactive ion beams from refractory metals at accelerators.
A bonus ec diligens pater familias 20. századi alakulása a német családjogban
Authors: Dujic Dejan
Published: September 2021

The process of women’s emancipation in European legal culture can be divided into three major periods according to their defining issues and objectives. The findings of the following study refer to the period from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day, which is usually identified in the literature as the second wave, and then as the third wave from the 1990s onwards. The turning point between these two stages is the thirty years after 1950, when the social, personal and family legal status of women changed significantly in Europe. The demands of the third wave, the ’modern emancipation movement’, which are still ongoing today, are of a different nature and are primarily sociological rather than legal nature. Although the topic of feminism is popular and has been dealt with in many ways in the Hungarian social science literature too, this study is nevertheless suppletory as I present the German marriage and family law reforms by means of the historical legal analysis, which will be supplemented in later studies by a comparison of Austrian and Hungarian law for the same period.
A szórvány magyar tanköteles gyermekek családon kívüli elhelyezése Baranyában az 1941–1942-es tanévben
Authors: Niklai Patrícia Dominika
Published: September 2021

The framework for the placing of Hungarian compulsory school children outside the family was based on the 25.360/1941. Religion and Public Education Ministerial decree, which constituted new provisions from the 1941/1942 school year for the education of native Hungarian children living in non-Hungarian environment. The reason for issuing the decree was the growing demand of the nationalities for education in their native language, which the Hungarian state – after the failure of the unified education system introduced in 1935 – made available to them in 1941. This measure was supported by nationalities as well, but at the same time we must not forget that the Horthy-era represented a strong national policy, and the patriotic, national education began in elementary school. Thus, the education of Hungarian children could not be neglected while striving to fulfil the needs of nationalities. According to paragraph 1 of the 25.360/1941. Religion and Public Education Ministerial decree on the education of Hungarian children: ‘A native Hungarian compulsory school child living in Hungary, who stays in a not native Hungarian environment must be educated in a Hungarian school or class, by a traveling teacher, in a Hungarian boarding school, or in another native Hungarian environment.’ The placing of children outside the family was only necessary if there was no school with Hungarian educational language in the municipality, because in that case ‘a native Hungarian child living in the municipality (city) can only be sent by his or her tutelary to such a school, until reaching the age of compulsory schooling.’ In accordance with the decree, from the summer of 1941 the Education Inspectorate collected data on the native Hungarian compulsory school children who lived in a non-Hungarian environment to provide them enrolment elsewhere. The first version of the options listed in the decree (Hungarian school or class in municipality) is not the subject of the study, since in that case, the child remains in the family. The second version – a traveling teacher – would not cause change either, but I did not find any example of this in the archives anyway. What may be more interesting in the terms of Family law is the placing in a boarding school or with a family of a relative or acquaintance in native Hungarian environment - this is indicated by the phrase in an otherwise ‘native Hungarian environment’. I give examples of these cases – boarding school and placement in Hungarian families – from practice based on archival records.
Seizure Phenotype and Underlying Cellular Defects inDrosophilaKnock-In Models of DS (R1648C) and GEFS+ (R1648H)SCN1AEpilepsy
Authors: Roemmich Alexa Joanna , Vu Thy , Lukacsovich Tamas , Hawkins Charlesice , Schutte Soleil S. , O’Dowd Diane K.
Published: September 2021

Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel geneSCN1Aare associated with human epilepsy disorders, but how most of these mutations alter channel properties and result in seizures is unknown. This study focuses on two different mutations occurring at one position withinSCN1A. R1648C (R-C) is associated with the severe disorder Dravet syndrome, and R1648H (R-H), with the milder disorder GEFS+. To explore how these different mutations contribute to distinct seizure disorders,Drosophilalines with the R-C or R-H mutation, or R1648R (R-R) control substitution in the fly sodium channel geneparawere generated by CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. The R-C and R-H mutations are homozygous lethal. Animals heterozygous for R-C or R-H mutations displayed reduced life spans and spontaneous and temperature-induced seizures not observed in R-R controls. Electrophysiological recordings from adult GABAergic neurons in R-C and R-H mutants revealed the appearance of sustained neuronal depolarizations and altered firing frequency that were exacerbated at elevated temperature. The only significant change observed in underlying sodium currents in both R-C and R-H mutants was a hyperpolarized deactivation threshold at room and elevated temperature compared with R-R controls. Since this change is constitutive, it is likely to interact with heat-induced changes in other cellular properties to result in the heat-induced increase in sustained depolarizations and seizure activity. Further, the similarity of the behavioral and cellular phenotypes in the R-C and R-H fly lines, suggests that disease symptoms of different severity associated with these mutations in humans could be due in large part to differences in genetic background.
μ-Opioid Receptor Stimulation in the Nucleus Accumbens Increases Vocal–Social Interactions in Flocking European Starlings,Sturnus Vulgaris
Authors: Maksimoski Alyse N. , Polzin Brandon J. , Stevenson Sharon A. , Zhao Changjiu , Riters Lauren V.
Published: September 2021

Social connections in gregarious species are vital for safety and survival. For these reasons, many bird species form large flocks outside the breeding season. It has been proposed that such large social groups may be maintained via reward induced by positive interactions with conspecifics and via the reduction of a negative affective state caused by social separation. Moreover, within a flock optimal social spacing between conspecifics is important, indicating that individuals may optimize spacing to be close but not too close to conspecifics. The μ-opioid receptors (MORs) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are well known for their role in both reward and the reduction of negative affective states, suggesting that MOR stimulation in NAc may play a critical role in flock cohesion. To begin to test this hypothesis, social and nonsocial behaviors were examined in male and female European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in nonbreeding flocks after intra-NAc infusion of saline and three doses of the selective MOR agonistd-Ala2-N-Me-Phe4-Glycol5-enkephalin (DAMGO). DAMGO in NAc dose-dependently increased singing behavior and facilitated social approaches while at the same time promoting displacements potentially used to maintain social spacing. These findings support the hypothesis that MORs in NAc promote social interactions important for group cohesion in nonsexual contexts and suggest the possibility that MORs in the NAc play a role in optimizing the pull of joining a flock with the push of potential agonistic encounters.
PD-1/PD-L1 expression in pancreatic cancer and its implication in novel therapies
Authors: Mucileanu Adrian , Chira Romeo , Mircea Petru Adrian
Published: September 2021

Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of death in developed countries and it still has a poor prognosis despite intense research in the last 20 years. Immunotherapy is a relatively new strategy in cancer treatment. The aim of immunotherapy is to block the immunosuppressive effect of tumoral cells. The PD1/PD-L1 axis has an important role in the inhibition of effector T cells and the development of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Blocking these checkpoints, and also inhibitory signals, leads to apoptosis of Tregs and increased immune response of effector T cells against tumoral antigens. Unfortunately, pancreatic cancer is generally considered to be a non-immunogenic tumor. Thus PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors demonstrated poor results in pancreatic cancer, excepting some patients with MSI/dMMR (microsatellite instability/deficient mismatch repair). Furthermore, pancreatic cancer has a particular microenvironment with a strong desmoplastic reaction, increased interstitial fluid pressure, hypoxic conditions, and acidic extracellular pH, which promote tumorigenesis and progression of the tumor. Mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) is correlated with a high level of mutation-associated neoantigens, most recognized by immune cells which could predict a favorable response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. PD-1/PD-L1 molecules could be also found as soluble forms (sPD-1, sPD-L1). These molecules have a potential role in the prognosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
“There is a Time for Departure Even when There’s no Certain Place to Go”: the Twisting Path to Selfhood and Adulthood
Authors: Pivoriūtė Milda
Published: September 2021

In today’s post-industrial societies, young people, compared to previous generations, experience longer and more complex processes of creating professional identity, developing a career or finding “one’s vocation”. They also face difficulties in achieving financial independence, starting a family, and leaving parental homes, which altogether define the status of an adult person. Based on the overview of sociological and psychological scholarly literature, the complexity of young people’s identity formation in the context of a passage towards social maturity is analysed. The most significant tensions related to the question of “who am I and what do I want” are emphasized in the article, together with the circumstances of contemporary society that stimulate them. (Non-)applicability of the concept of the quarter-life crisis is finally highlighted in order to summarise, reflect, and explain some of the experiences and life events of young people. The title of the article is a famous quotation of Tennessee Williams.
Baby’s First Years: Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Poverty Reduction in the United States
Authors: Noble Kimberly G. , Magnuson Katherine , Gennetian Lisa A. , Duncan Greg J. , Yoshikawa Hirokazu , Fox Nathan A. , Halpern-Meekin Sarah
Published: September 2021

Childhood economic disadvantage is associated with lower cognitive and social-emotional skills, reduced educational attainment, and lower earnings in adulthood. Despite these robust correlations, it is unclear whether family income is the cause of differences observed between children growing up in poverty and their more fortunate peers or whether these differences are merely due to the many other aspects of family life that co-occur with poverty. Baby’s First Years is the first randomized controlled trial in the United States designed to identify the causal impact of poverty reduction on children’s early development. A total of 1000 low-income mothers of newborns were enrolled in the study and began receiving a monthly unconditional cash gift for the first several years of their children’s lives. Mothers were randomly assigned to receive either a large monthly cash gift or a nominal monthly cash gift. All monthly gifts are administered via debit card and can be freely spent with no restrictions. Baby’s First Years aims to answer whether poverty reduction in early childhood (1) improves children’s developmental outcomes and promotes healthier brain functioning, and (2) improves family functioning and better enables parents to support child development. Here we present the rationale and design of the study as well as potential implications for science and policy.
Restaurando a Explicação do Anulabilismo Falibilista sobre o Conhecimento a partir de Crença Falsa
Authors: Alves Eduardo
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é responder a duas objeções que podem ser feitas à explicação do anulabilismo falibilista referente à possibilidade de conhecimento inferencial originado em falsidade (KFF). A primeira objeção é que a ausência de restauradores indica a incompletude da explicação anulabilista falibilista de KFF, enquanto a segunda é que o experimento mental de KFF viola o Princípio Resistência à Verdade* (RV*) — a principal tese do anulabilismo falibilista. Na primeira seção, explicarei no que consiste o debate acerca da possibilidade de conhecimento inferencial a partir de falsidade; na segunda seção, explicarei o anulabilismo falibilista, desenvolvida por de Almeida (2017); na última seção, desenvolverei os argumentos que podem ser feitos contra o anulabilismo falibilista e explicarei por que não funcionam.
Testate amoebae (Arcellinida and Euglyphida) from Pantanal dos Marimbús, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state, Brazil, including new occurrences
Authors: Viana Souza Rocha Cínthya , Santos dos Anjos Matheus , Araújo Brandão Deivson , da Silva Nunes Caio Ceza , Amorim Rocha Mariane , Belini Nishiyama Patricia , Evangelista Fraga Ricardo , Mitsuka Patricia Maria , Borba da Silva Márcio
Published: September 2021

Testate amoebae are single-celled protists whose protoplasm is contained within a carapace composed of gelatinous to imbricated chitinous plates having variable chemical compositions. We inventoried the testate amoebae community present in the plankton and periphyton of the Pantanal dos Marimbus swamp in Bahia state, Brazil. Sixty-five samples of plankton and periphyton were analyzed during May and September/2014 and April/2015. We identified 65 taxa of testate amoebae distributed in eight families, 15 genera, 45 species, and 16 varieties. The most representative families were Arcellidae, Centropyxidae, and Difflugiidae, corresponding to 24.6%, 19.7% and 14.8% of the taxa respectively. The periphyton had greater richness (59 taxa) than the plankton (39 taxa). Of the taxa found, 15 represent new records for Bahia and 14 for northeastern Brazil. The Marimbus Pantanal swamp showed an expressive richness of testate amoebae, and our data increases the number of species of these organisms known to Bahia and northeastern Brazil, where work with those organisms is still scarce.
What to make of equivalence testing with a post-specified margin?
Authors: Campbell Harlan , Gustafson Paul
Published: September 2021

In order to determine whether or not an effect is absent based on a statistical test, the recommended frequentist tool is the equivalence test. Typically, it is expected that an appropriate equivalence margin has been specified before any data are observed. Unfortunately, this can be a difficult task. If the margin is too small, then the test's power will be substantially reduced. If the margin is too large, any claims of equivalence will be meaningless. Moreover, it remains unclear how defining the margin afterwards will bias one's results. In this short article, we consider a series of hypothetical scenarios in which the margin is defined post-hoc or is otherwise considered controversial. We also review a number of relevant, potentially problematic actual studies from the clinical trials research, with the aim of motivating a critical discussion as to what is acceptable and desirable in the reporting and interpretation of equivalence tests.
Інженерні методи розрахунку процесу гідратації при обробці олії електромагнітними хвилями
Authors: Осадчук Петро Ігорович , Безбах Ігор Віталійович
Published: September 2021

До основних недоліків стандартних ліній гідратації відносяться висока енергоємність, велика витрата холодної води і пари, що зв'язано з використанням сепараторів, а також жорстким температурними режимами сушіння фосфоліпідної емульсії. Ці лінії не забезпечують ефективність процесу в цілому через високий залишковий зміст фосфоліпідів в олії і низької харчової цінності одержуваних фосфатидних концентратів унаслідок впливу перекису водню, застосовуваної для знебарвлення. Для усунення цих недоліків було запропоновано використання електромагнітних полів в процесі гідратації олій.
В даній роботі запропоновано інженерні методи розрахунку процесу гідратації при обробці олії електромагнітними хвилями. Проведено моделювання процесу.
Використовуючи метод аналізу розмірностей, отримано критеріальне рівняння для розрахунку продуктивності устаткування. Проведено узагальнення експериментальних даних отриманих в результаті досліджень.
Розроблено алгоритм розрахунку степеневих показників та констант в рівнянні у числах подібності, який реалізовано у середовищі Microsoft Excel. Визначено ступінь впливу напруженості магнітного поля на процес гідратації. Враховано залежить коефіцієнту масопередачі від зміни температури. З отриманого рівняння в числах подібності розраховано ряд теоретичних значень числа Стантона та порівняно з експериментальними даними.
Визначено розбіжність між розрахунковими та експериментальними даними  в межах 18%. Отримане рівняння дає змогу розраховувати об’єм установки та швидкість протікання процесу, задаючись різними режимними параметрами: напруженістю магнітного поля, температурою.