bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Implications of Sarcopenia in the Treatment and Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon, W/Africa, Patrick Weledji Elroy , Gianotti Luca ,   Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicococca, Italy, Oldani Massimo ,   Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicococca, Italy, Uggeri Fabio ,   Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicococca, Italy
Published: March 2024

Sarcopenia is the subclinical loss of skeletal muscle and strength and has been extensively studied in both cancer and surgical patients. Patients with sarcopenia are particularly vulnerable to major physiological stressors including surgery and surgical complications. Sarcopenia has thus gained significant recognition as an important prognostic factor for both complications and survival in cancer patients. The aim of this review was to evaluate the current literature on the effect of sarcopenia on the treatment and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. The prevalence of sarcopenia in pancreatic cancer patients range between 20% to 65% due to the heterogeneous groups of patients, difference in disease stage, and the different methods of measuring sarcopenia. Sarcopenia would be more accurately assessed by utilizing both imaging and clinical data, such as frailty. Although malnutrition could be responsible for the attenuated healing process of pancreatic anastomosis the relationship between sarcopenia and outcome following pancreaticoduodenectomy is debated. Most studies showed a higher risk of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula (POPF) formation in patients with concurrent sarcopenia and high fat mass (sarcopenic obesity). Sarcopenia seems generally to be associated with lower survival. The assessment of sarcopenia can therefore lead to changes in management strategy, patient selection, and improved informed consent prior to surgical resection of pancreatic cancer. An improved prediction of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula formation after pancreatic surgery using preoperative Computed Tomography (CT) scan, including a fistula risk score using sarcopenic obesity and subcutaneous fat area will be useful. Although treatment for sarcopenia still remains an area of research a protocol to improve nutrition and fitness preoperatively may improve sarcopenia and surgical outcome.
Insights of Validating Death Certificates through Clinical Autopsies
Authors:   Medical Training Center, Department of Medicine, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany, D Schubert , H Christ ,   Institute for Medical Statistic, Informatic and Epidemiology (IMSIE), University of Koeln, Koeln, Germany, JWU Fries ,   Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Koeln, Koeln, Germany
Published: March 2024

Background: With decreasing autopsy numbers, the cause of death listed in the death certificate is only based on an external inspection, which is increasingly criticized as insufficient. This investigation analyses 447 death certificates from the archives of the University Hospital of Koeln, Germany and their corresponding autopsy reports from the Institute of Pathology. Methods: For this analysis, quality assurance protocols, death certificates, clinical/autopsy notes, and final autopsy reports were used. Cases were categorized: 1. in four validation classes (Goldman criteria, identifying unknown diseases with therapeutic relevance as cause of death); 2) in four nosological causal chains (WHO ICD10; type: linear/ divergent/ convergent/ complex). Results: Differences in diagnoses between death certificate and autopsy report occurred in 32% (143/447 cases). In 7%, only the autopsy identified the cause of death (Goldman, type 2a). Nosological causal chains were established in 21% (linear/divergent) vs 28% (convergent/complex). Myocardial infarct, septicemia and cardiac insufficiency caused death in more than two thirds of cases. Diabetes and obesity did not play a major role as cause of death. Conclusion: Autopsies are highly advisable if death occurs within 48 hrs. of admission and as sudden death in the hospital setting. Regular interdisciplinary autopsy conferences are important for quality control, assessing cases of the convergent/ complex type. The position of an autopsy commissioner as mediator between relatives, clinicians and pathologists seems recommendable in a hospital setting. While an electronic patient file is still controversial, medical data collection as source of information in emergencies by the patient’s medical practitioner seems advantageous.
Headache, Vertigo in a Teenage Dental Patient
Authors:   Ziva Dental, Clinical Practice, San Antonio, Texas, USA, Gupta Shreya , Ali Munira ,   Department of Radiology, Thumbay Hospital, Ajman, UAE
Published: March 2024

A 13-year-old female patient presented to the dental office for routine dental checkup and correction of her proclined teeth through braces. Patient’s medical history suggested that the patient suffers from frequent episodes of headache, vertigo, dizziness and confusion. These episodes are random and have begun after the onset of menarche. Her physician diagnosed it as migraine and had prescribed medications which are helping with the headache but the episodes still happen at random. Routine lateral cephalometric x-ray done for orthodontic diagnosis, revealed a bony bridge on the posterosuperior articular process of atlas (C1 vertebra).
Global Map of Skeletal and Dental Malocclusion Prevalence: From Classes to Continents
Authors:   Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel, M Lone Iqbal , Midlej Kareem ,   Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel, Zohud Osayd ,   Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel, Paddenberg Eva ,   University Hospital of Regensburg, Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Germany, Krohn Sebastian ,   University Hospital of Regensburg, Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Germany, Kirschneck Christian ,   Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, D-53111 Bonn, Germany, Proff Peter ,   University Hospital of Regensburg, Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Germany, Watted Nezar ,   Gathering for Prosperity initiative, Israel., A Iraqi Fuad ,   Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
Published: March 2024

Malocclusion, ranked by the WHO as the third most critical oral health concern, impacts 39% to 93% of adolescents and teenagers worldwide, exhibiting variations influenced by age and ethnicity. Across sagittal, transverse, and vertical orientations, malocclusion poses physiological and social challenges, with 46% experiencing negative lifestyle impacts. To assess global prevalence and characteristics, Authors reviewed articles on skeletal abnormalities and malocclusions from the early 1990s to September 2023. Criteria included English-language research studies or meta-analyses focusing on Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions, malocclusion incidence, and dental anomalies such as open bite, deep bite, overjet, crowding, spacing, and crossbite. Prevalence globally varied for Class I (1.7-93.6%), Class II (7.4-84.0%), Class III (0.8-72.1%), and Angle Class I (0.5- 31 39.1%). Deep bite incidence ranged from 8.4% to 51.5%, influenced by ethnic and gender cofounders. Geographic variations were attributed to genetic and environmental factors, alongside methodological disparities, and categorization issues. Ambiguities in malocclusion prevalence arose from diverse research methodologies. Orthodontic epidemiology urgently requires standardized guidelines accepted by academia and professional groups to provide reliable data for healthcare recommendations. Geographic variations, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, contribute to the diverse prevalence of malocclusion globally. Methodological disparities and categorization issues create challenges, necessitating urgent development of standardized guidelines for orthodontic epidemiology. These guidelines, embraced by academia and professional groups, are crucial for providing accurate data to inform healthcare recommendations.
Three-Year Efficacy and Safety Outcomes of the Second-Generation Trabecular Micro-Bypass Stents in Conjunction with Cataract Surgery in Ocular Hypertension and Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada, Liu Jiaru , Bouhout Soumaya ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada, Massicotte Erika ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada, F FRCSC ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada, Desgroseilliers Anik ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Canada, Lord Frederic ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada, Singh Harmanjit ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Canada
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the iStent Inject in conjunction with phacoemulsification in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Design: Prospective, non-randomized, single-center, consecutive case series Participants: Patients with primary and secondary open angle glaucoma undergoing cataract surgery and iStent Inject Main outcomes: The primary outcome of efficacy is postoperative reduction in mean Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and number of anti-glaucomatous drop classes. A primary endpoint is the achievement of =20% IOP reduction from baseline. Secondary outcome measures include visual acuity, visual field parameters, cup-to-disk ratio, and average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Results: 150 eyes were included with a mean follow-up of 2.28 years (standard deviation 1.18). IOP significantly decreased at nearly all timepoints and remains significantly reduced from baseline at 36 months. IOP reduction is modest and ranges between 5.6 to 11.7 %, with IOP being stably maintained lower than baseline throughout the observation period. IOP reduction is greatest in the mild glaucoma group. The primary endpoint of an over 20% IOP reduction being achieved in overall 32% of eyes. The burden of glaucoma drops was significantly reduced by 13% at 12 months post-op (p<0.005). There was no statistically significant change in visual field parameters, although they improved after cataract surgery. The rate of additional glaucoma interventions needed were very low at <1%. Conclusion: The combined cataract surgery and iStent Inject procedure is safe and effective at long-term with a low rate of serious complications. It offers good visual outcomes and reasonable glaucoma control long-term.
Assessing the activity of benzodioxol, phenol and aniline derivatives as radical trapping antioxidants that inhibit ferroptosis
Authors: Schricker Helene B. E. , Mouzayek Mohamed M. , Wanninger Jonas , Zahran Hala , Lützel Kyra , Milton Anna V. , Mishima Eikan , Nakamura Toshitaka , Proneth Bettina , Conrad Marcus , Konrad David B.
Published: March 2024

A small molecule screen has identified a benzodioxol anilide as a ferroptosis inhibitor. To determine the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of this compound class, we have synthesized a library of 35 derivatives followed by testing their ability to inhibit cell death that was induced via RSL3, an inhibitor of the main ferroptosis regulator glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), in the mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line Pfa-1. Choosing 12 representative structures, rescue experiments were performed following the tamoxifen-induced deletion of GPX4 in Pfa-1 cells to complement the pharmacological induction of ferroptosis with a genetic induction and the experiments were extended to the human epithelial lung adenocarcinoma cell line HCC827. To assess if the compounds act as radical trapping antioxidants (RTAs) that scavenge peroxy radicals which drive lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of ferroptotic cell death, we have used a fluorescence-enabled inhibited autoxidation (Fenix) assay. Mitochondria were identified as the site-of-action using an alkynylated benzodioxol probe together with a copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC)-based Alexa Fluor 488 imaging kit. Our SAR study has yielded insights into the substitution-dependent activity of benzodioxol, aniline and phenol groups as RTAs that inhibit ferroptosis which led to the design of MM-12-Urea as a new broadly applicable chemical probe. Since the investigated functional groups are common motifs in small molecule ligands or natural products, we highlight that it is worth testing their ability to act as RTAs to avoid a potentially compounding factor in their bioactivities.
Study of corrosion and its preventive measures
Authors: Tusharika Singh , Santosh Kumar , Rakesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

Corrosion is one of the primary causes of wear and tear on machine parts and is responsible for reducing the life of machinery parts. Several industrial accidents occur because of pipeline corrosion. There are various methods to protect the materials from oxidation, wear and corrosion. These preventive measures include pretreatments of metals, proper design and selection of right selection, sacrificial method, cathodic protection, barrier protection, electroplating, zinc galvanizing by hot dipping and thermal spray coatings. However among various preventive measures thermal spray coating offered high resistance against erosion, corrosion and oxidation. Therefore, providing an overview of the various types of corrosion, their causes, mechanisms, costs, and related preventive measures is the aim of this study. This information aims to enable proactive measures in mitigating the impact of corrosion-related issues.
Economic impact of river tourism: evidence of Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Badruddoza Talukder , Fahmida Kaiser
Published: March 2024

This study takes a significant look at river tourism and the impact that it has on the economy from a variety of perspectives. There is a distinction between river tourism and the more typical definition of tourism. The success of Bangladesh is already well-known for its uncommon tourist places, and an astounding number of tourists are engaged in tourismproducing activities. Tourism along rivers can bring enormous economic benefits for the development of the economy. However, the country's river tourism potential is still not fully realized due to several obstacles. As a result, this study has analyzed the economic effects and challenges this sector poses. The current river tourism industry is investigated in this paper, along with its potential benefits and potential risks. As a result of the investigation, it was determined that the development of river tourism will not be without its difficulties. There are disadvantages in addition to the tremendous economic benefits that are available. This paper has provided several suggestions for river tourism based on the data obtained through a qualitative method based on secondary data and its findings. Rivers have not been able to successfully market themselves as tourist destinations due to the presence of several laws. In this study, the relevance of tourism to the country's economy is highlighted, along with the many available river-based tourist spots. The fundamental objective of the organization is to continually pay attention to the potential economic benefits of river tourism and make it one of the most popular river-based vacation destinations in the world.
Clinical Analysis and Red Flag Signs in Pediatric Headache According to Age
Authors: Jo Yoon Hee , Lee Yoo Jung , Shin Donghyun , Lyu Soo Young , Kong Juhyun , Lee Yun-Jin , Nam Sang Ook , Kim Young Mi
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The clinical characteristics of headaches vary by age among pediatric patients. Red flag signs are key factors in differentiating secondary headaches and should be considered in the context of the patient’s age.Methods: This study involved a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients presenting with headaches. Patients were categorized by age into three groups: pre-school age (under 6 years), school-age (6 to 12 years), and adolescence (over 12 years). Demographic data, headache characteristics, laboratory findings, and neuroimaging results were evaluated. Overall, 17 potential red flags were assessed.Results: A total of 687 patients were included, of whom 102 were of pre-school age, 314 were school-aged, and 271 were adolescents. The frequency of overweight/obesity was found to increase with age. The pre-school age group experienced a shorter period from symptom onset to presentation and a briefer duration of pain. In contrast, adolescents displayed a longer period from symptom onset, a greater frequency of headaches occurring at least three times per week, and a higher rate of headache episodes lasting over 3 days. Children under 6 years old were more commonly diagnosed with secondary headaches than older children. Across age groups, secondary headaches were suspected when systemic symptoms such as fever were present, when the headache had a sudden onset, when the patient responded poorly to medication, or when abnormal neurological signs and symptoms were observed.Conclusion: The clinical features of pediatric patients vary by age group. Clinicians should consider red flag signs in the context of patient age and individual characteristics.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik pada Pembelajaran Kimia dalam Pokok Bahasan Laju Reaksi di SMA Negeri 1 Bantarbolang
Authors: Setianingsih Retno , Novita Mega , Patonah Siti
Published: March 2024

This study aims to describe students' critical thinking skills in the subject of reaction rates. The research subjects were 180 class XI students and 36 students were taken as samples at SMA Negeri 1 Bantarbolang. In this study using qualitative methods, data were collected using 10 critical thinking skills test questions that represent 4 aspects of critical thinking, including aspects of providing explanations, building basic skills, managing strategies and tactics, and concluding. Students who have been taught this material to spell according to their abilities. Through the google form that has been sent students work on these questions. The results show that the overall thinking ability of students is 36.87 including the low category.
Implementasi Blended Learning pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di SD Kebon Dalem 2 Semarang Tahun Akademik 2021/2022
Authors: Suwarti Tarcisia Sri , Lestari Siti , Widiyanto M. Wahyu
Published: March 2024

Learning activities during pandemic covid-19 were implemented using online learning. However, many adjutsments have occured in learning policies during this pandemic. The Ministry of education introducing new learning system namely the blended learning method. This method encourages the digitization of teaching and learning activities. Blended learning involves offline class accompanied by online activities (online class). The problems of this research are 1) How do teachers implement blended learning in teaching English at SD Kebon Dalem 2 Semarang? 2) how do students respond to learning English with blended learning? 3) what are the obstacles teachers and students faced in learning English with blended learning? This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The subject of the research are the English teacher and  students of SD Kebon Dalem 2 Semarang. The stages of research method are data collection, data classification and data analysis conducted at SD Kebon Dalem 2 Semarang. The output of this research are National ISSN Journal and Prosiding of SNHP UPGRIS. The conclusions of the research are: 1) Blended learning occurs before English learning class preceded by giving instructions via Google classroom and continued by offline class which is held  with online class via Gmeet attended by 50% of students at the same time 2) Students give positive responds about learning English using blended learning which can be seen in the enthusiasm and activeness of students in class, 3) the obstacle faced by the English teacher and students only occur when there is power outage which make the internet connection and the learning process stopped for a moment.
Pengaruh Penerapan Pola Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom Terhadap Kemandirian dan Hasil Belajar Biologi
Authors: Thalib Munawwarah , Ismail Ismail , Wiharto Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This study aims to: (1) Find out the biology  learning outcomes of class VIII MTsN Takalar students through flipped classroom learning patterns. (2) Knowing the independence of learning biology for students of class VIII MTsN Takalar through flipped classroom learning patterns. (3) Knowing the influence of the application of flipped classroom learning patterns  on the learning outcomes of students of class VIII MTsN Takalar.  (4) Knowing the influence of the application of flipped classroom learning patterns  on the learning independence of  class VII I MTsN Takalar students.  This research is Quasi experimental. The population in this study was all students of class VIII, for the 2022/2023 school year at MTsN Takalar, totaling  103 students  divided into  four study groups, then sampling  was carried out   randomly  and  two study groups were selected, namely class VIII C with 27 people and class VIII B with 26 people.  The results showed that: (1) The learning independence of students of class VIII MTsN Takalar through flipped classroom learning patterns  is in the high category and the learning independence of students taught through conventional learning isin the sufficient category. (2) The learning outcomes of students of class VIII MTsN Takalar through the flipped classroom learning pattern  are in the very high category and the learning outcomes of students who are taught using conventiononal berada learning in the high category. (3) There is  an influence on the application of flipped classroom learning patterns  on the  independence and  learning outcomes of class VIII MTsN Takalar students.
Pengembangan Mobile Learning “Detektif Siput” Kelas X SMK
Authors: Rindiani Rindiani , Hasanah Fitria Nur
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to develop and determine the feasibility of learning media, in the form of mobile learning with the name "Snail Detective" for class X students majoring in Computer and Network Engineering at Dian Indonesia Vocational High School Sidoarjo. The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model which consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The subjects in this study were students of class X majoring in Computer and Networking Engineering. The research instrument used is in the form of a questionnaire. The data obtained will then be analyzed using the likert scale. “Detective Snail” mobile learning was validated by media experts, material experts, and tested on groups with a limited scale. Based on the results of the development, it was found that the development of "Snail Detective" mobile learning in class X SMK Dian Indonesia Sidoarjo was declared very feasible as a learning support tool. The validation results from media experts get a score percentage of 94% with a very decent category, the results of material expert validation get a score percentage of 87% with a very decent category and trials to students get an average score percentage of 91.2% with a very decent category . So it is concluded that the “Snail Detective” mobile learning is very feasible to use and can be implemented for the learning process.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Guided Discovery Learning dengan Laboratorium Virtual terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa
Authors: Seftriana Sofia Mega , Hadi Wiwin Puspita , Wulandari Ana Yuniasti Retno , Rosidi Irsad , Yasir Mochammad
Published: March 2024

The low level of science process skills, lack of variety of learning models, and limited laboratory facilities are the problems that underlie this research. This research uses quantitative research with the pre-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest research design. The sampling technique used was a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling type with the sample used in this study was 32 students of class VIII C UPT SMP Negeri 22 Gresik in the 2021-2022 academic year. Data collection techniques through science process skills tests, student response questionnaires, and observation of learning implementation. The result showed that: 1) the paired sample t-test analysis obtained a significance of 0.000 < 0.05 and t count < -t table with (-64,266 < -2,0395), indicating that there were differences in students' science process skills before and after the application of the guided discovery learning model with a virtual laboratory on students' science process skills. 2) The test of students' science process skills after the application of the guided discovery learning model with a virtual laboratory was 71% in the high category. Based on these results, it can be conclution that there are differences in students' science process skills before and after the application of guided discovery learning with virtual laboratories.
Pelaksanaan Supervisi Pembelajaran sebagai Potret Kinerja Guru dalam Mengajar
Authors: Amanati Farida , Bakar Abu , Windarti Sulistyo
Published: March 2024

The implementation of education was inseparable from the existence and important role of the teacher. The teacher was a determining factor in the success of education, so various educational innovations, especially in curriculum development and improving human resources, were always carried out as in Madrasah Tsanawiyyah Mazro'atul Huda Karanganyar Demak. For the quality of education to be optimally achieved, the implementation of the teacher's performance tasks must receive supervision, both from the Supervisor and the Principal. Supervision of the learning process was a form of quality assurance carried out internally to provide services for an effective and efficient learning process which was generally carried out by the principal regularly. The principal acts as a supervisor in supervising the learning process to create or develop better teaching and learning situations. Based on the results of the supervision that had been carried out, the average achievement score for the implementation of teacher learning was 92.59, categorized as very good. However, some indicators need to be improved because they had values below the average. These indicators were the delivery of competencies and activity plans including the involvement of students in learning. Furthermore, the assessment of learning academic documents averaged 90.47, categorized as very very. However, the availability of learning academic documents needs to be increased in the document section of the question grid, assessment instruments, records of assessment results, documents of results of analysis of competence achievements and documents of teacher professional development activities.
APPLE TREE RESISTANCE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, UPADISHEV M.T.
Published: March 2024

Under unstable climatic conditions, the resistance of apple trees to high temperatures is an important varietal trait. The aim of the research is to identify heat resistance indicators of different apple varieties in a heat chamber for dry air treatment. The heat treatment of the varieties Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Lobo, Rozhdestvenskoe, Bolotovskoe, Kandil Orlovskiy, Imrus was carried out in a heat chamber at the temperature of +38°С and air humidity of 40% for 90 days. For the heat treatment, 2-year-old apple plants were used. Higher heat resistance was observed in the Lobo variety compared to the other varieties studied. The apple varieties were characterized by medium (Lobo, Rozhdestvenskoe) and high (Bolotovskoe, Imrus, Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Kandil Orlovskiy) water content, high water losses after a simulated heat shock, increased (Kandil Orlovskiy) and high (Bolotovskoe, Imrus, Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Lobo, Rozhdestvenskoe) wa- ter deficit, high degree of restoration of leaf water content. The proposed heat resistance coefficient was characterized by a strong degree of association with water loss (r = –0.97) and a moderate degree of association with water content restoration (r = 0.65). Apple plants had a high survival rate after thermotherapy, which was 92.3%.
DETECTION OF THE SOYBEAN BACTERIAL BLIGHT PATHOGEN PSEUDOMONAS SAVASTANOI PV. GLYCINEA IN SEEDS BY THE PCR
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, TARAKANOV R.I.
Published: March 2024

This article describes the application of the classical PCR method for the diagnosis of the soybean bacterial blight pathogen Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. glycinea in seeds. Two methods for pathogen isolation from infected soybean seeds, five methods for DNA extraction and two master mixes for preparation of reaction mixture were investigated. The use of a PCR-based test system with oligonucleotides specific for the coronaphacate ligase (cfl) gene allowed the diagnosis of the soybean bacterial blight pathogen in seeds at a concentration of 2 × 103 CFU/ml. The analytical sensitivity of the protocol was 97.4% of 37 closely related and other bacteria tested. Product yield (amplicon peak area) was shown to be highest (645.0 units) when DNA was isolated using the Proba-GS kit, the master mix 5x MasDDDTaqMIX-2025 and the primers PsgFOR-1 and PsgREV-2 were used at 10 pM per reaction (25 μL).
PPLE TREE RESISTANCE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, UPADISHEV M.T.
Published: March 2024

Under unstable climatic conditions, the resistance of apple trees to high temperatures is an important varietal trait. The aim of the research is to identify heat resistance indicators of different apple varieties in a heat chamber for dry air treatment. The heat treatment of the varieties Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Lobo, Rozhdestvenskoe, Bolotovskoe, Kandil Orlovskiy, Imrus was carried out in a heat chamber at the temperature of +38°С and air humidity of 40% for 90 days. For the heat treatment, 2-year-old apple plants were used. Higher heat resistance was observed in the Lobo variety compared to the other varieties studied. The apple varieties were characterized by medium (Lobo, Rozhdestvenskoe) and high (Bolotovskoe, Imrus, Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Kandil Orlovskiy) water content, high water losses after a simulated heat shock, increased (Kandil Orlovskiy) and high (Bolotovskoe, Imrus, Antonovka Obyknovennaya, Lobo, Rozhdestvenskoe) wa- ter deficit, high degree of restoration of leaf water content. The proposed heat resistance coefficient was characterized by a strong degree of association with water loss (r = –0.97) and a moderate degree of association with water content restoration (r = 0.65). Apple plants had a high survival rate after thermotherapy, which was 92.3%.
A Systematic Review Comparing Opioid-Free and Opioid-Inclusive Anesthesia for Pain Control in Adults After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Lam Pamila
Published: March 2024

In the United States, over 12 months, from June 2019 to May 2020, 81, 230 lives were lost to opioid overdose. As a nation, addressing opioid misuse should take priority (National Safety Council, December 2020). Opioid addiction can occur following routine general surgical admission and as healthcare providers strive to adequately manage perioperative pain, the over-use and over-prescription of opioids have contributed to the opioid epidemic. Utilizing nonopioid analgesics that have a lower addiction potential and fewer side effects can greatly enhance patient recovery and perioperative outcomes (Chia et al., 2020). This systematic review examined the effectiveness of opioid-free anesthesia compared to opioid-inclusive anesthesia in reducing postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

A thorough literature review was performed focusing on cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, pain, postoperative pain, and management following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, multimodal general anesthesia, opioid-free, and opioid-inclusive anesthetic techniques. The framework that guided this systematic review was Good’s middle-range theory of acute pain management. A total of six randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. This systematic review provides promising evidence that opioid-free anesthesia can be an effective and safer alternative to opioid-inclusive anesthesia in reducing side effects, postoperative pain, and opioid consumption in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Objectified Body Consciousness in the Context of Gender Roles
Authors: BİNGÖL Batuhan
Published: March 2024

Bireylerde nesneleştirilmiş beden bilinci gelişimi, toplumsal etkileşimin başlaması ile birlikte çocukluğun ilk yıllarında başlar ve yaşamında sonraki evrelerinde de gelişimini sürdürür. Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri yetişkinlik döneminde
yoğun şekilde ortaya konur. Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, geleneksel bir yaklaşımla, erkeği kadına göre daha üstün olarak ele almakta; bunun sonucunda da erkeklere daha olumlu anlamlar yüklemekte ve kadını görece pasif ve erkeğe
bağımlı bir nesne olarak temsil etmektedir. Bu temsil biyolojik bir farklılıktan ötürü değil, toplumsal etkileşimlerin sonucunda inşa edilmektedir. Toplumsal etkileşimlerin sonucunda oluşan bu temsiller, gündelik hayatın bir parçası
haline gelmekte ve cinsiyete özgü yapılar yaratmaktadır. Dolayısıyla toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, her iki biyolojik cinsiyette de kişilerin hayatlarını yönlendirmede aktif rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma ile toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri
kapsamında nesneleştirilmiş beden bilinci kavramlarını ele alan çalışmaları değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmış bir derlemedir. Bedeni nesneleştirme deneyiminin sonuçları olarak beden izleme, beden utancı ve dış görünüşü kontrol inancı
da araştırmada alt başlıklar halinde incelenmek istenmektedir.
The Role of Drama and Theater in Improving The Listening Skills of Arabic Language Learners
Authors: Mohammed MUODAN Norah , POLAT İbrahim Ethem
Published: March 2024

Araştırma, yabancı dil olarak Arapça öğrenenlerin dinleme becerilerini geliştirmede drama ve tiyatronun rolünü belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Betimleyici yaklaşım, drama ve tiyatro kavramları ve öğrencilerin dinleme becerisindeki dilsel
başarılarındaki dilsel yeterlilikleri ve dili öğrenme hedefine ulaşabilecek eğitim çıktıları ile tanımlanan konularını ele almanın bir yolunu izlemiştir. Araştırmanın ulaştığı sonuçlar arasında: Drama ve tiyatro dil öğretiminde
izlenebilecek modern eğitim yöntemlerindendir. Dil öğretiminin amacı işlevsel ise öğrencilerin dil becerilerinin, bunları doğru biçimde pratik olarak uygulamalarını sağlayarak elde edilmesidir. Drama, öğrencilere kendi ihtiyaçları
ve ilgileriyle ilgili çeşitli yaşamsal durumlarda dili kullanma fırsatı verir. Tiyatro aynı zamanda bir yandan stresi ve kaygıyı azaltmada, diğer yandan da dil yeterliliğini doğal ve bağlamsal bir şekilde geliştirmede önemli bir
rol oynar. Drama ve tiyatro, öğrencileri motive etmeye çalışan ve öğrenme sürecine eşlik eden eğlence ve eğlence sağlayan özgün, iletişimsel edebi metinlerdir. Araştırma şunları önermektedir: Öğretmede, kavramları basitleştirmede,
bilgiyi kolay ve rahat bir şekilde aktarmada drama ve tiyatronun eğitim aracı olarak kullanılmasının gerekliliği, Arap dili öğretimini geliştirmek için, öğretim yöntemlerini çeşitlendirmek ve burada önemli bir rol üstlenmesi gereken,
pasif ve alıcı değil, aktif ve etkileşimli öğrenciye odaklanmak gerekir. يهدف البحث تعرُّف دور الدراما، والمسرح في تنمية مهارة الاستماع لدى متعلمي العربية الناطقين بغيرها، وقد اتخذ المنهج الوصفي طريقاً لتناول موضوعاته التي تحددت
بمفاهيم الدراما، والمسرح وكفاءتها اللغوية في تحصيلات المتعلمين اللغوية في مهارة الاستماع وما يمكن لها من مخرجات تعليمية تحقق الهدف من تعلم اللغة وتكسب متعلميها مهارة الاستماع. ومن النتائج التي توصل اليها البحث: تُعدُّ الدراما،
والمسرح من الأساليب التعليمية الحديثة التي يمكن اتباعها في تدريس اللغة فإذا كان الهدف من تعليم اللغة وظيفياً؛ هو تحقيق القدرات اللغوية عند المتعلمين وذلك بتمكنهم من ممارستها عملياً بشكلها الصحيح، فإن الدراما تعطي فرصة للمتعلمين
أن يستخدموا اللغة في مواقف حيوية متنوعة ترتبط بحاجاتهم واهتماماتهم، كما أن للمسرح دوراً كبيراً في التقليل من التوتر والقلق من ناحية، وتعزيز الكفاءة اللغوية من ناحية اخرى بطريقة سياقية طبيعية، وتعد الدراما والمسرح من النصوص الأدبية
التواصلية الأصيلة التي تعمل على تحفيز الدارسين وتوفير المتعة والتسلية المرافقة لعملية التعلم، ومما وصى بها البحث؛ ضرورة استخدام الدراما، والمسرح كوسيلة تعليمية في التدريس وتبسيط المفاهيم وتوصيل المعلومة بسهولة ويسر، ولأجل تطوير
تدريس اللغة العربية لابد من تنويع طرائق التدريس والتركيز على المتعلم الذي ينبغي أن يأخذ دوراً رئيساً فيها فاعلاً ومتفاعلاً لا سلبياً متلقياً.
Linguistic Interactıon Is an Approach to Developing the Communicative Skills Of Foreign Language Learners
Authors: İbrahim Mousa ALJASİM Hussein , POLAT İbrahim Ethem
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırma aynı din, tarih ve coğrafyanın bir çatı altında toplandığı komşu ülkelerin halklarının dil etkileşimlerini, sonuçlarını ve başka diller öğrenmekteki görevini çalışmaktadır. Bunu da kendisinin var olan bir gerçek ve başka
dilleri öğrenmekte kabul edilen sonuçlara ulaşmak için öğrenilmesi gereken bir şey olduğu itibari ile yapmaktadır. Arapça dili bölgede ve dünyada eski, önemli ve komşu dillere etki edip ve onlardan etkilenen dillerden sayılmaktadır.
Türkçe ortak din ve tarih ve coğrafi etkenler sebebiyle fasih Arapçadan birçok kelimeyi alması ile coğrafi yönden Arapçadan etkilenmiştir. Yüzyıllarca süren Arapça ve Türkçe arasındaki etkileşim aşamalarından sonra Türkçe de Arapçayı
özellikle de Irak lehçesi özel ve görünür bir biçimde etkilemiştir Türkçenin Irak lehçesi üzerindeki tesiri lafızlar ile sınır kalmamış bilakis cümle yapısına da sirayet etmiştir. تسعى هذهِ الدراسةُ إلى كشفِ التفاعلاتِ اللغوية
لشعوبِ دولٍ متجاورةٍ يجمعها دين وتاريخ وجغرافية مشتركة واستثمارها وتوظيفها في تعليم اللغات الاجنبية ، باعتبارها واقعاً حياً وأمراً لا بُدَ مِن تعلمه ِ للوصول إلى نتائج مقبولة في تعلم اللغات ، و تعد اللغة العربيّة من اللغاتِ القديمةِ
والمهمة في المنطقة والعالم، والتي أثرت وتأثرت باللغات المجاورةِ ومنها وحسب الموقع الجغرافي اللغة التركية التي تأثرت بدخول العديد من مفردات اللغة العربيّة الفصحى بسب العوامل الدينية والتاريخية والجغرافية المشتركة وبعد مرحلة التفاعل
بين اللغة التركية واللغة العربية لقرون عديدة كان للغة التركية أيضاً تأثيراً على اللغة العربية واللهجة العراقية بصورةٍ خاصةٍ واضحًةٍ وكبيرةٍ ، ولم يقتصر أثر اللغة التركية في اللهجة العراقية على الألفاظِ ، بل تعداها إلى تراكيبها
.
Comparative Analysis of Mosque Spatial Features in Turkey and Indonesia
Authors: Walad NASUTİON Irham , DEMİRARSLAN Deniz
Published: March 2024

This study aims to compare the spatial features of mosques in Turkey and Indonesia, both predominantly Muslim countries. The introduction provides a general definition of religion and highlights the significance of religious structures.
It explains that religion is a belief system and emphasizes the importance of religious structures for societies. The formation and development of religious buildings often rely on sacred texts, rituals, moral principles, and societal
rules. Mosques are significant religious spaces where Muslims gather for collective worship. They contribute significantly to areas such as culture, architecture, and art. However, this study scrutinizes and reviews the differences
and similarities in the design, implementation, and use of mosques in Turkey and Indonesia, taking into account academic studies on the subject. In both countries, mosques are built in two different styles: Classical and modern.
The study examines well-known mosques in Turkey, including the Sultan Ahmet Mosque and the Suleymaniye Mosque (classical style) and the Şakirin Mosque and the Sancaklar Mosque (modern style). The study includes classical style
mosques such as the Al Mahsun Grand Mosque and the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque, as well as modern style mosques like the Istiqlal Mosque and the Babuttaqwa Utama Mosque in Indonesia. These mosques were chosen as prominent examples
based on the time periods they were built, their purposes of construction, their current uses, and their impact on their respective contexts. Although there have been numerous academic studies on mosque architecture in Turkey and
Indonesia, there is a lack of literature that comparatively examines mosque architecture formation in the context of cultural and spatial differences between these two cultures. This gap highlights the importance of the current
study.
Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Equisetum arvense and Baccharis trimera Fractions
Authors: Carolina Ferreira Vaz , Alan Fernandes Mariano , Júlia Amanda Rodrigues Fracasso , Marcus Vinicius Vieitas Ramos , Lucineia dos Santos , Herbert Júnior Dias
Published: March 2024

Inflammation is a natural response of the body to defend itself against potential threats and can be reduced through physical activity, proper nutrition, and the use of herbal medicines, which are medicinal plants. In the study, we aim to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of the volatile and ethanolic fractions of two commonly used medicinal plants, Equisetum arvense, and Baccharis trimera. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the fresh leaves of the plants, while the ethanolic extracts were obtained using classical methodologies. All fractions were tested for anti-inflammatory activity, evaluating their ability to stabilize the red blood cell membrane and inhibit the spreading, and phagocytosis by macrophages, at concentrations varying from 200 to 600 µg mL-1. The results of the experiments suggest that the ethanolic fraction of B. trimera shows promising results compared to the positive controls. Our investigations thus contribute to the specialized literature on the use of herbal medicines around nutrition, providing guidance for future studies on these fractions.
Is Being In The Geriatric Age Group An Additional Risk Factor Or Contraindication For Living Donor Liver Transplantation?
Authors: ANILIR Ender
Published: March 2024

Introduction: While advanced age was once a contraindication for liver transplantation, it is now routinely performed for individuals over (≥) 65. This study aimed to analyze preoperative findings, preoperative findings, perioperative graft-related and surgical factors, and postoperative complications in geriatric recipients (≥65 years) to assess the feasibility and outcomes of living-donor liver transplantation in this age group. Materials and Method: Data regarding sex, model for end-stage liver disease score, Child score, body mass index, blood type, graft type (right or left lobe), ascites, esophageal variceal hemorrhage, hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, preoperative INR, platelet, sodium, albumin, total bilirubin and creatinine, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, anhepatic phase, cold ischemia time, operation time, blood products transfusion rates, graft-to-recipient weight ratio, intensive care unit and hospital stay, biliary complications, hepatic vein thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis, postoperative hemorrhage, sepsis, and primary graft dysfunction were analyzed statistically in geriatric patients. Results: The use of the right lobe was significantly higher in the ≥65 age group (p=0.036). Additionally, body mass index (p=0.039) and creatinine (p=0.018) were statistically higher in the group. Conclusion: Living-donor liver transplantation can be safely performed in patients aged ≥65 years. Keywords: Liver; Survival; Transplantation.
Ideas about the stressfulness of the parental role in potential parents: objective and subjective determinants
Authors: Tikhonova I. V. , Shipova N. S. , Misiyuk Yu. V.
Published: March 2024

Studying stress factors of childbirth intentions is an important parameter in population development policy making. There is no data on the comparison of the relative importance of different types of determinants and stress inducing factors of parenting in the scientific literature.

The aim. To study the factors determining the ideas about the stressfulness of the parental role among modern youth.

Methods. The  sample consisted of  364  students with no  parenting experience. Three groups were identified, differing in their orientation towards having children: a group with a focus on single-child parenting (257 people); group with childfree focus (32 people); group with a focus on multi-child parenting (75 people). The following methods were used: socio-demographic questionnaire; “Parental Stress Scale” (J.O. Berry, W. Jones, 1995; adapted by Yu.V. Misiyuk, I.V. Tikhonova, 2022); “Intensive Parenting Attitudes Questionnaire (M. Liss, H.H. Schiffrin, V.H. Mackintosh, H. Miles-McLean, M.J. Erchull, 2013; adapted by Yu.V. Misiyuk, 2022); express version of the “World Assumptions Scale” (R. Yanoff-Bulman; modified by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova; author’s semi-structured interview.

Results. We  analyzed the  ideas about  the  stress that  is  associated with fulfilling the  parental role. Parameters that potentially act as  the  factors determining the stressfulness of parenthood are considered. The specificity of ideas on parental stress and its determinants is analyzed in accordance with the dominant orientation towards childbearing.

Conclusion. Ideas about the stressfulness of the parental role are determined by objective (age, status of personal relationships, education) and subjective (assessment of family relationship, attitudes towards the need to stimulate the child’s development, essentialism and  satisfaction from  raising children) factors, but  subjective ones have the greatest weight. The specificity of the determination of ideas about parental stress depending on the orientation towards childbearing has been revealed.
Effect of subchronic exposure to manganese on mineral metabolism in Wistar rats
Authors: Kazakova T. V. , Marshinskaia O. V. , Notova S. V.
Published: March 2024

Background. The presence of increased manganese concentrations in soils and water intakes areas for drinking and household purposes in a number of the Russian Federation subjects indicates the  chronic influence of this metal on all segments of the population. This situation is aggravated by violation of the optimal nutrition principles, which leads to changes in the organism absorption of micronutrients. In this regard, the study of the elemental status of an organism against the background of manganese exposure is of particular importance.

The aim. To study the effects of subchronic exposure to manganese on the mineral status of Wistar rats.

Materials and methods. To  conduct the study, 20  mature rats were selected, from which two groups were formed – control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 10). Animals in the control group received a general diet, animals in the experimental group received a diet with additional administration of manganese sulfate at a dose of 1433 mg/kg for 28 days. At the end of the preparatory period, blood and brain samples were taken to determine the content of chemical elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and of metal-ligand manganese forms using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results. It has been established that subchronic oral exposure to manganese leads to an increase in the content of this microelement in the blood serum and to a decrease in the levels of calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron and copper. In the cerebral cortex, the level of manganese, lead, mercury and strontium increases against the background of a decrease in iron and iodine levels. An increase in the gross content of manganese in blood serum leads to an overload of the main high-molecular carriers and initiates the formation of low-molecular forms of manganese.

Conclusion. Subchronic oral exposure to manganese leads to the accumulation of this microelement in the body of animals and to the development of an imbalance of a number of macro- and microelements.