bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of disease free seed potato tuber through optimization of planting and haulm pulling time
Authors: Huda M S Huda , Hossain S M M , Islam A T M S , Hannan A , Hossain J , Islam M R
Published: June 2023

The time for planting and haulm pulling is very crucial for production of quality of seed potato tuber. Thus, the different planting times i.e., 15th  October, 4th  November, 24th  November, and 14th  December, and haulm pulling (HP) at 68, 75, 82, and 89 days after planting (DAP) were evaluated to find out the suitable planting time and haulm pulling time for disease-free potato seed production. This study was conducted in the research field of the Plant Pathology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during 2016-2017. The maximum seed potato tuber yield (23.9 ton/ha) was recorded from 4th  November planting time with haulm pulling at 82 days after planting. The findings also exhibited that the minimum disease infestation was observed in the same treatment combinations which enhanced the maximum photosynthesis and growth for the plants resulting in higher seed potato yield. Farmers of subtropical regions would be benefitted if they practice these methods.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2023, 48(1): 19-39
Effects of cyanobacteria on soil properties in forest and cultivated lands of Madhupur tract
Authors: Hossain M S , Islam A S M Z , Islam M G , Kumar D , Mahmud M H , Mahato D K
Published: June 2023

A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Department of Soil Science of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the effect of cyanobacteria on soil properties of cultivated and forest lands of Madhupur Tract. The population of cyanobacteria in two soils from Madhupur and one fromfrom BAU farm was counted followed by their identification up to genera level by fluorescence microscope. A marked variation was observed in cyanobacterial population among the soils: 27.8x105 g-1 in BAU farm soil, 2.70x105 g-1 in Madhupur cultivated soil and 1.62x105 g-1 in Madhupur forest soil. A total of 21 isolates were identified from all the soils taking eight isolates from each of Madhupur cultivated and BAU farm soils, and five from Madhupur forest soil . Of the 21 isolates, six isolates taking two from each soil were inoculated into all the three soils to see their effect on soil properties. These were Fischerella Mc and Aulosira Mc from Madhurpur cultivated soil; Calothrix Mf and Scytonema Mf from Madhurpur forest soil; Anabaena Bf and Nostoc Bf from BAU farm soil. The results reveal that there was an increase of soil pH, organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable Ca, available S and CEC and a decrease in exchangeable K and exchangeable Na concentrations. The impact of different isolates on most of the soil properties was significant except their effect on exchangeable K for all soils, exchangeable Na for BAU farm soil and CEC for Madhurpur cultivated soil. Usually isolates showed better performance in their native soils than in other soils and cyanobacteria inoculation showed a positive indication towards improving fertility of soils.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2023, 48(1): 112-122
Tác động của tự chủ và cường độ công việc đến hành vi làm việc đổi mới của giáo viên bậc phổ thông trên địa bàn Hà Nội
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Quân
Published: June 2023

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá tác động của hai yếu tố tự chủ công việc và cường độ công việc đến hành vi làm việc đổi mới của giáo viên bậc phổ thông trên địa bàn Hà Nội, Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu định lượng thông qua việc khảo sát 388 giáo viên đang giảng dạy bậc phổ thông trên địa bàn Hà Nội. Tác giả sử dụng SPSS 25 để thực hiện phân tích dữ liệu bao gồm phân tích độ tin cậy thang đo, phân tích nhân tố khám phá, kiểm tra mối tương quan, phân tích hồi quy và kiểm tra sự phù hợp của mô hình. Các phát hiện chỉ ra rằng tự chủ về phương pháp và kế hoạch; cường độ tinh thần và thể chất đều thúc đẩy hành vi làm việc đổi mới của giáo viên. Tuy nhiên, không có đủ bằng chứng để chứng minh rằng tự chủ về tiêu chuẩn có tác động tích cực đến năng lực đổi mới này của giáo viên.
EL TURISMO Y EL INTERNET POST COVID!19
Authors: Limones cepeda Paulette , Pacheco Prado Diego
Published: June 2023

La pandemia por COVID-19 causó un gran impacto a nivel mundial y debido a ello el internet empezó a tomar un mayor protagonismo  en la comunicación, entretenimiento y alcance en la información. En la ciudad de Cuenca (Ecuador), el sector turísticotambién se vio afectado y tuvo que aprender a adaptarse a todos estos cambios, es por ello que esta investigación analizó la importancia del internet para el sector turístico desde la perspectiva del prestador de servicios y del consumidor, postconfinamiento por la COVID-19. Para ello se usaron dos tipos de encuestas: la primera enfocada en la percepción ciudadana (consumidor) y la segunda a los establecimientos de servicios turísticos como hoteles, restaurantes, agencias turísticas, entreotros. Los resultados indicaron que un 81% del sector turístico usó el internet como una herramienta para mejorar la comunicación con sus consumidores durante el confinamiento y que, a través de sus experiencias, este fuera visto como un instrumentodigital esencial para los establecimientos de servicio turístico. Junto a esto, el 89,3% indicó que el internet también había servido como una herramienta para brindar información a sus consumidores, porque había sido capaz de difundir su marketing correspondiente de forma más sencilla.

Palabras clave: Turismo, COVID-19, Cuenca, internet, redes sociales, tecnología

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused a great impact worldwide. For this reason, the internet began to take a greater relevance in  communication, entertainment, and information reach. In the city of Cuenca (Ecuador), the tourism sector was also affected and had to learn to adapt to all these changes, which is why this research analyzed the importance of the Internet for the tourism sectorfrom the perspective of the service provider and of the consumer, post confinement to Covid-19. For this, two types of surveys were used: the first focused on citizen perception (consumer) and the second on tourist service establishments such as hotels,restaurants, and tourist agencies, among others. The results indicated that 81% of the tourism sector used the Internet as a tool to improve communication with its consumers during confinement and that, through their experiences, it was seen as an essentialdigital instrument for tourist service establishments. Along with this, 89.3% indicated that the internet has also served as a tool to provide information to its consumers because it had been able to spread their corresponding marketing more easily. Keywords: Tourism, COVID-19, Cuenca, internet, social networks, technology
ANTOLOGÍAS DE POESÍA CUENCANA 1930-2020. SEÑALES DE RELEVAMIENTO
Authors: Verdugo Cárdenas Jaqueline , Petroff Rojas Iván
Published: June 2023

Las antologías son textos-discursos intertextuales que, desde sus estructuras y su función, aseguran estrategias estéticas de continuidad y cambio en la constitución de tradiciones estéticas, cánones o patrimonios literarios. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio es el relevamiento de las antologías de poesía cuencanas, editadas entre 1930-2020, proceso que muestra una relativa constancia en la circulación de estos libros plurales. Además, intenta mostrar cómo los soportes antológicos visibilizan las condiciones de recepción de la poesía cuencana en las muestras de poetas y poemas que se han generado durante,  proximadamente, nueve décadas del quehacer literario lírico cuencano. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. La muestra para el relevamiento es de 21 antologías, en las cuales se registran 468 poetas y 2789 poemas. Las variables que organizan los resultados son: año y década de publicación de las antologías, tipo, muestras de autores y de poemas, y principales tendencias estéticas que guardan las mismas. Los resultados descritos en la discusión evidencian que no existe una tradición literaria sistematizada desde la constitución de los libros colectivos, por lo que el presente estudio asume la función de pionero, en el intento de visibilizar el legado lírico de Cuenca y la región desde los artefactos culturales, denominados antologías.

Palabras clave: relevamiento, antologías líricas, muestras de poetas, muestras de poemas, tradición literaria.

AbstractAnthologies are intertextual texts-discourses that from their structures and their function ensure esthetic strategies of continuity and change in the constitution of aesthetic traditions, canons or literary patrimonies. In this sense, the objective of this study is the survey of the poetry anthologies published in Cuenca between 1930 and 2010 to make visible the relative constancy in the circulation of these plural books. In addition, it attempts to show how the anthological supports make visible the conditions of reception of Cuenca’s poetry in the samples of poets and poems that have been recorded for approximately nine decades of Cuenca’s lyrical literary work. This is an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The sample for the survey is 21 anthologies, of which 468 poets and 2789 poems are recorded. The variables that organize the results are: the year and decade of publication of the anthologies, type, samples of authors and poems, and main aesthetic trends that keep the anthologies. The results described in the discussion show that there is no systematized literary tradition since the constitution of collective books, so this study assumes the role of a pioneer in the attempt to make visible the lyrical legacy of Cuenca and the Region from the cultural artifacts, called anthologies.

Keywords: survey, lyrical anthologies, samples of poets, samples of poems, literary tradition.
PRÁTICA DE ENSINO LITERATURA INFANTIL E ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: ANÁLISE E AVALIAÇÃO DOS CONTRIBUTIVOS EDUCATIVOS E FORMATIVOS
Authors: Bono Vicente Andressa , Tavares Ujiie Nájela
Published: June 2023

Este estudo está alinhado à formação inicial de professores em Pedagogia a partir de uma prática de ensino desenvolvida nas turmas do 1° ano do curso em 2020 e 2021, vinculada à disciplina de Metodologia do Ensino de Ciências e Meio Ambiente e ao Projeto Interdisciplinar de Literatura Infantil e Ensino de Ciências. Tem por objetivo avaliar a contribuição dessa prática de ensino aos acadêmicos e examinar a concepção construída entre teoria e prática visando à formação de professores. A metodologia utilizada configura-se numa pesquisa-ação colaborativa com respaldo na formação de professores em contexto (UJIIE, 2019).  Os resultados obtidos fomentaram a criação de um banco de obras literárias e a construção de sequências didáticas, e a partir disso concluímos que as habilidades construídas pela prática de ensino tiveram resultado positivo na vida dos acadêmicos de maneira a propor uma fonte inovadora para a ação docente. 
Palavras-chave: Formação Inicial de Professores. Pedagogia. Ensino de Ciências. Literatura Infantil.
 
ABSTRACT
This study is aligned with the pre-service primary teacher education from a teaching practice developed in the 1st year classes of the course in 2020 and 2021, linked to the discipline of Science and Environment Teaching Methodology and the Interdisciplinary Project of Children Literature and Science Teaching. It aims to evaluate the contribution of this teaching practice to the students, and to examine the concept built between theory and practice aiming at teacher training. The methodology used is a collaborative action-research supported by the teacher education in context (UJIIE, 2019). Thus, the results obtained fostered the creation of a bank of literary works and the construction of didactic sequences, from which we concluded that the skills built by the teaching practice had a positive result in the lives of students in order to propose an innovative source for teaching action.
Keywords: Pre-service Teacher Education. Pedagogy. Science teaching. Literature.
A influência do estilo de vida saudável no câncer de mama: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Meneses Laura Meira de , Silva Sarah Ladeira , Garcia Paloma Popov Custódio
Published: June 2023

O câncer vem sendo uma das patologias mais estudadas e discutidas no mundo. Diante disso, o estudo em questão, teve por objetivo analisar qual o impacto da alimentação e o estilo de vida na doença. Para tanto, apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa, sendo abordado de forma aprofundada e analítica a influência do estilo de vida relacionado ao câncer de mama (CM), que é um dos tipos de tumores que mais afetam as mulheres hoje em dia no Brasil, e sendo o estilo de vida associado à alimentação fatores determinantes para o surgimento ou a progressão da patologia em questão. São considerados risco para o câncer de mama tanto o baixo consumo dos alimentos in natura, como o excesso de ingestão de alimentos altamente industrializados. Praticar atividades físicas regularmente e dar prioridade a alimentos saudáveis, colaboram para a diminuição de risco do câncer de mama. No estudo apresentado, foram discutidos sobre o que é o câncer de mama, alimentação saudável para mulheres, estilo de vida e os pontos positivos e negativos que foram encontrados. Conclui-se diante do exposto que para a prevenção, e para a diminuição da progressão da doença, é imprescindível o cuidado com a alimentação e melhorias de hábitos, sendo de suma importância um estilo de vida saudável.
ANALYSIS OF HYPERACTIVE CHILD BEHAVIOR AND HANDLING EFFORTS IN EDUCATION
Authors: Abidin Mustika
Published: June 2023

Abstract: This study discusses the analysis of hyperactive children's behavior and efforts to handle it in education through the literature review method. The behavior of hyperactive children is a child who experiences attention deficit disorder which is characterized by frequent movements and this can affect the child's psychological, physical, and social problems. The impact of hyperactive behavior has an impact on the children themselves and the environment. Handling in overcoming the behavior of hyperactive children is by doing therapy such as drug therapy, music therapy, play therapy, consulting with child psychologists, taking time for children, providing adequate and appropriate affection, not always meeting the child's demands, giving adequate attention. adequate for children, monitor children at all times, and guide them in learning, parents and teachers must examine and understand children, be patient in caring for children, train their focus and raise children's confidence. The need to establish good communication relationships between parents, teachers, and schools by assigning tasks that ensure the success of children.Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas analisis mengenai perilaku anak hiperaktif dan upaya penanganannya dalam pendidikan melalui metode tinjauan literatur. Perilaku anak hiperaktif adalah anak yang mengalami gangguan pemusatan perhatian yang ditandai dengan seringnya melakukan gerakan dan hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi psikis, fisik, maupun masalah sosial anak. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari perilaku hiperaktif yaitu berdampak bagi diri anak sendiri maupun lingkungan. Penanganan dalam mengatasi perilaku anak hiperaktif yaitu dengan melakukan terapi seperti terapi obat-obatan, terapi musik, terapi bermain, berkonsultasi dengan ahli psikolog anak, meluangkan waktu untuk anak, memberikan kasih sayang yang memadai dan tepat, tidak selalu memenuhi tuntutan anak, memberikan perhatian yang memadai kepada anak, memantau anak setiap saat, dan membimbing mereka dalam belajar, orang tua dan guru harus memeriksa dan memahami anak, sabar dalam merawat anak, melatih fokusnya dan membangkitkan kepercayaan diri anak. Perlunya menjalin hubungan komunikasi yang baik antara orang tua, guru, dan sekolah dengan memberikan tugas-tugas yang menjamin keberhasilan anak-anak.
THE CONCEPT OF CULTIVATING A SINCERE ATTITUDE FOR AN EDUCATOR IN THE CONTEXT OF SELF-DEVOTION TO BIRTH AN ISLAMIC GENERATION
Authors: Muttaqin M. Imamul , Sholihah Tsaniyatus , Atsaniyah Filosofia , 'Asyiroh Nahdliana 'Aisyatul , Khudin Ahmad Mifta , Muttaqien Muhammad Faizul
Published: June 2023

Lately, many people have been known to get jobs as educators because they think that teaching is a profession that is easy to get and only needs to teach. So they carry out their work without full sincerity, do not know the true meaning of self-devotion, and are only concerned with the salary they get. For this reason, this research is intended to examine the concept of cultivating a sincere attitude for educators to give birth to an Islamic generation. The research method used is Library Research by taking from various journals and books related to the above problems. The result of this research is that in order to instill a sincere attitude in every educator, an understanding of the importance of awareness of the teaching profession as a form of self-devotion should be instilled first. If an educator is sincere, there will be several things he can get, such as being a lucky person, having an eternal investment, and being a noble person in the sight of Allah SWT.
Proyecciones demográficas para Argentina como base para el diseño de la política migratoria
Authors: Mussini Agustin , Biderbost Pablo Nicolas
Published: June 2023

The world is aging as the population has fewer children and lives longer. This situation poses numerous challenges in several countries, not only to maintain stable population levels but also the standards of economic growth. In this context, migrations are presented as a possible solution by collaborating in maintaining welfare systems and vegetative balances of the increasingly aging countries. Argentina is no stranger to this reality. Projections show that the country has started to move towards this demographic scenario and that it will reach the end of the century seeing its population reduced. This article analyzes the country’s migration policies and some concrete measures that could strengthen the opportunities that migration presents in this demographic horizon.
Electrostatic quantum dark energy in a seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: June 2023

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in the hidden dimensions which provides the basis and background for the gravitational force through the curvature of space-time. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is considered a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, which makes the universe seven-dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between the Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space. Mathematically, this electrostatic repulsion is related to the Hubble constant to explain the accelerated expansion, dark energy, and the increase in cosmological potential energy of the matter.
Mass-Energy Equivalence: Light Energy
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: June 2023

The paper focuses on the mass-energy equivalence that is not defined in Einstein’s special theory of relativity. The kinetic energy defined in the classical mechanics plays a vital role in the energy-mass equation and its applications. In this article, the author discusses about two bodies relating to the mass-energy equivalence: one is a rigid body in motion and another is a body like rocket fully filled with fuel and moving in vacuum.
The Einstein’s Mass-Energy Equivalence and the Relativistic Mass and Momentum derived from the Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: June 2023

In the Einstein’s theory of special relativity, the relativistic mechanics is concerned with the motion of bodies whose velocities approach the speed of light. It is understood the velocity of a moving particle with mass is less than the speed of velocity and velocity of a massless particle like photon is equal to the speed of light. This paper presents the Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence and the equations of relativistic mass, momentum and energy from the Newton’s second law of motion.
The improved 2DoFs-PLL for MMC-HVDC transmission system
Authors: Wenhong Wang , Wei Pan , Cencen Hong , Baiqun Ren , Guobing Liu
Published: June 2023

The performance of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) is highly related to the three-phase phase-locked loop (PLL). The presence of the DC component, the harmonic component, and the negative sequence component results in the poor dynamic and steady-state performance of the PLL, such as fundamental frequency oscillations in the phase estimated by the PLL. In order to suppress the influence of parameters variation and disturbance of the three-phase grid voltage, an improved PLL with a moving average filter with two degrees of freedom PID (2DoFs-PID) is proposed. Moreover, to improve the phase margin and gain margin, an extra compensator with a pole and a zero is introduced into the 2DoFs-PLL. The improved 2DoFs-PLL can track the frequency and phase with superior accuracy, stability, and rapidity. Furthermore, the methodology for the parameters design of the 2DoFs PID controller is introduced, based on the index of integrated time and absolute error. A simulated model and experimental platform are established to verify the performance of the improved 2DoFs-PLL. The results show that the improved 2DoFs-PLL can meet the needs of both steady-state performance and dynamic performance by employing the 2DoFs-PID controllers.
Inhibitory NKG2A+ and absent activating NKG2C+ NK cell responses are associated with the development of EBV+ lymphomas
Authors: Vietzen Hannes , Staber Philipp B. , Berger Sarah M. , Furlano Philippe L. , Kühner Laura M. , Lubowitzki Simone , Pichler Alexander , Strassl Robert , Cornelissen Jan J. , Puchhammer-Stöckl Elisabeth
Published: June 2023

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus, which infects over 90% of the adult human population worldwide. After primary infections, EBV is recurrently reactivating in most adult individuals. It is, however, unclear, why these EBV reactivations progress to EBV+ Hodgkin (EBV+HL) or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (EBV+nHL) only in a minority of EBV-infected individuals. The EBV LMP-1 protein encodes for a highly polymorphic peptide, which upregulates the immunomodulatory HLA-E in EBV-infected cells, thereby stimulating the inhibitory NKG2A-, but also the activating NKG2C-receptor on natural killer (NK) cells. Using a genetic-association approach and functional NK cell analyses, we now investigated, whether these HLA-E-restricted immune responses impact the development of EBV+HL and EBV+nHL. Therefore, we recruited a study cohort of 63 EBV+HL and EBV+nHL patients and 192 controls with confirmed EBV reactivations, but without lymphomas. Here, we demonstrate that in EBV+ lymphoma patients exclusively the high-affine LMP-1 GGDPHLPTL peptide variant-encoding EBV-strains reactivate. In EBV+HL and EBV+nHL patients, the high-expressing HLA-E*0103/0103 genetic variant was significantly overrepresented. Combined, the LMP-1 GGDPHLPTL and HLA-E*0103/0103 variants efficiently inhibited NKG2A+ NK cells, thereby facilitating the in vitro spread of EBV-infected tumor cells. In addition, EBV+HL and EBV+nHL patients, showed impaired pro-inflammatory NKG2C+ NK cell responses, which accelerated the in vitro EBV-infected tumor cells spread. In contrast, the blocking of NKG2A by monoclonal antibodies (Monalizumab) resulted in efficient control of EBV-infected tumor cell growth, especially by NKG2A+NKG2C+ NK cells. Thus, the HLA-E/LMP-1/NKG2A pathway and individual NKG2C+ NK cell responses are associated with the progression toward EBV+ lymphomas.
Reduction in size of the calcifying phytoplankton Calcidiscus leptoporus to environmental changes between the Holocene and modern Subantarctic Southern Ocean
Authors: Rigual-Hernández Andrés S. , Langer Gerald , Sierro Francisco Javier , Bostock Helen , Sánchez-Santos José Manuel , Nodder Scott Davidson , Trull Tom W. , Ballegeer Anne Marie , Moy Andrew D. , Eriksen Ruth , Makowka Laura , Béjard Thibauld M. , Rigal-Muñoz Francisco Henri , Hernández-Martín Alberto , Zorita-Viota María , Flores José Abel
Published: June 2023

The Subantarctic Zone of the Southern Ocean plays a disproportionally large role on the Earth system. Model projections predict rapid environmental change in the coming decades, including ocean acidification, warming, and changes in nutrient supply which pose a serious risk for marine ecosystems. Yet despite the importance of the Subantarctic Zone, annual and inter-annual time series are extremely rare, leading to important uncertainties about the current state of its ecosystems and hindering predictions of future response to climate change. Moreover, as the longest observational time series available are only a few decades long, it remains unknown whether marine pelagic ecosystems have already responded to ongoing environmental change during the industrial era. Here, we take advantage of multiple sampling efforts – monitoring of surface layer water properties together with sediment trap, seafloor sediment and sediment core sampling – to reconstruct the modern and pre-industrial state of the keystone calcifying phytoplanktonCalcidiscus leptoporus, central to the global marine carbonate cycle. Morphometric measurements reveal that modernC. leptoporuscoccoliths are 15% lighter and 25% smaller than those preserved in the underlying Holocene-aged sediments. The cumulative effect of multiple environmental factors appears responsible for the coccolith size variations since the Last Deglaciation, with warming and ocean acidification most likely playing a predominant role during the industrial era. Notably, extrapolation of our results suggests a future reduction in cell and coccolith size which will have a negative impact on the efficiency of the biological pump in the Southern Ocean through a reduction of carbonate ballasting. Lastly, our results tentatively suggest thatC. leptoporuscoccolith size could be used as a palaeo-proxy for growth rate. Future culture experiments will be needed to test this hypothesis.
Metatranscriptomics unmasks Mollusca virome with a remarkable presence of rhabdovirus in cephalopods
Authors: Rey-Campos Magalí , González-Vázquez Luis Daniel , Novoa Beatriz , Figueras Antonio
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Mollusks play a significant role in marine ecosystems and have economic value for aquaculture. Sometimes, unexpected and unexplained mortalities among mollusks have been described. The role of potential pathogens such as viruses remains unknown due to the lack of molluscan cell cultures, which is one of the major drawbacks to determining the viral role in such mortalities. Several oceanographic studies have suggested a high abundance of viruses in the oceans. Virus identification and understanding of viral interaction with organisms in marine ecosystems are in their infancy. Metatranscriptomics could become a useful tool to identify viruses using a shotgun approach and the growing number of viral genomes and sequences deposited in public databases.

Methods

In this work, several bioinformatics approaches were set up to screen Mollusca RNA sequences to find and confirm viral traces in their transcriptomes. This meta-analysis included an extensive search of SRA datasets belonging to mollusks available in the NCBI database, selecting a total of 55 SRA datasets that were further analyzed searching for viral sequences.

Results

Twenty-two bivalves, 19 cephalopods and 16 gastropods from 16 geographical origins and 17 different tissues were considered. The domain search approach was the most productive method to find viral sequences. This virus search showed that Cephalopoda samples (Idiosepius notoides and Amphioctopus fangsiao) exhibited the highest number of virus identifications. Some of the detected viral sequences were similar or identical to others previously identified. However, 33 putative new viruses were identified and analyzed phylogenetically when the RdRp domain was available. Specifically, Cephalopoda samples showed a considerable number of viruses belonging to the Rhabdoviridae family.
Phenotyping cardiogenic shock that showed different clinical outcomes and responses to vasopressor use: a latent profile analysis from MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Yu Yue , Rao Jin , Xu Qiumeng , Xiao Jian , Cheng Pengchao , Wang Junnan , Xi Wang , Wang Pei , Zhang Yufeng , Wang Zhinong
Published: June 2023

Background

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is increasingly recognized as heterogeneous in its severity and response to therapies. This study aimed to identify CS phenotypes and their responses to the use of vasopressors.

Method

The current study included patients with CS complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at the time of admission from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Laboratory and clinical variables were collected and used to conduct latent profile (LPA) analysis. Furthermore, we used a multivariable logistic regression (LR) model to explore the independent association between the use of vasopressors and endpoints.

Result

A total of 630 eligible patients with CS after AMI were enrolled in the study. The LPA identified three profiles of CS: profile 1 (n = 259, 37.5%) was considered as the baseline group; profile 2 (n = 261, 37.8%) was characterized by advanced age, more comorbidities, and worse renal function; and profile 3 (n = 170, 24.6%) was characterized by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)-related indexes and acid–base balance disturbance. Profile 3 showed the highest all-cause in-hospital mortality rate (45.9%), followed by profile 2 (43.3%), and profile 1 (16.6%). The LR analyses showed that the phenotype of CS was an independent prognostic factor for outcomes, and profiles 2 and 3 were significantly associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality (profile 2: odds ratio [OR] 3.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.61–5.97, p < 0.001; profile 3: OR 3.90, 95%CI 2.48–6.13, p < 0.001) compared with profile 1. Vasopressor use was associated with an improved risk of in-hospital mortality for profile 2 (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.15–3.60, p = 0.015) and profile 3 (OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 1.02–8.32, p = 0.047), respectively. The results of vasopressor use showed no significance for profile 1.

Conclusion

Three phenotypes of CS were identified, which showed different outcomes and responses to vasopressor use.
Impact of Electronic Chronic Pain Questions on patient-reported outcomes and healthcare utilization, and attitudes toward eCPQ use among patients and physicians: prospective pragmatic study in a US general practice setting
Authors: Lamerato Lois , Shah Vinay , Abraham Lucy , Cappelleri Joseph C. , DeLor Bonnie , Ellsworth Stacy R. , Hegeman-Dingle Rozelle , Park Peter W.
Published: June 2023

Objective

The Electronic Chronic Pain Questions (eCPQ) has been developed to help healthcare providers systematically capture chronic pain data. This study evaluated the impact of using the eCPQ on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) in a primary care setting, and patient and physician perceptions regarding use of, and satisfaction with, the eCPQ.

Methods

This was a prospective pragmatic study conducted at the Internal Medicine clinic within the Henry Ford Health (HFH) Detroit campus between June 2017 and April 2020. Patients (aged ≥18 years) attending the clinic for chronic pain were allocated to an Intervention Group to complete the eCPQ in addition to regular care, or a control group to receive regular care only. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and a Patient Global Assessment were assessed at baseline, 6-months, and 12-months study visits. HCRU data were extracted from the HFH database. Telephone qualitative interviews were conducted with randomly selected patients and physicians who used the eCPQ.

Results

Two hundred patients were enrolled, 79 in each treatment group completed all 3 study visits. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in PROs and HCRU between the 2 groups. In qualitative interviews, physicians and patients reported the eCPQ as useful, and using the eCPQ improved patient-clinician interactions.

Conclusion

Adding the eCPQ to regular care for patients with chronic pain did not significantly impact the PROs assessed in this study. However, qualitative interviews suggested that the eCPQ was a well-accepted and potentially useful tool from a patient and physician perspective. By using the eCPQ, patients were better prepared when they attended a primary care visit for their chronic pain and the quality of patient-physician communication was increased.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus in a non-endemic area: a single institution study
Authors: Gang Margery , Gao Feng , Poondru Sneha , Thomas Theodore , Ratner Lee
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Understanding of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) remains largely based on epidemiologic and clinical data from endemic areas. Globalization has resulted in migration of persons living with HTLV (PLHTLV) from endemic to non-endemic areas, and a rise of HTLV infection in the United States. Yet, due to the historical rarity of this disease, affected patients are often under- and mis-diagnosed. Thus, we sought to characterize the epidemiology, clinical features, comorbidities, and survival of HTLV-1- or HTLV-2-positive individuals identified in a non-endemic area.

Methods

Our study was a single institution, retrospective case–control analysis of HTLV-1 or HTLV-2 patients between 1998 and 2020. We utilized two HTLV-negative controls, matched for age, sex, and ethnicity, for each HTLV-positive case. We evaluated associations between HTLV infection and several hematologic, neurologic, infectious, and rheumatologic covariates. Finally, clinical factors predictive of overall survival (OS) were assessed.

Results

We identified 38 cases of HTLV infection, of whom 23 were HTLV-1 and 15 were HTLV-2 positive. The majority (~54%) of patients in our control group received HTLV testing for transplant evaluation, compared to ~24% of HTLV-seropositive patients. Co-morbidities associated with HTLV, hepatitis C seropositivity were higher in HTLV-seropositive patients compared to controls (OR 10.7, 95% CI = 3.2–59.0, p < 0.001). Hepatitis C and HTLV co-infection resulted in decreased OS, compared to no infection, hepatitis C infection alone, or HTLV infection alone. Patients with any cancer diagnosis and HTLV infection had worse OS compared to patients with cancer or HTLV alone. HTLV-1 positive patients had lower median OS compared to HTLV-2 patients (47.7 months vs. 77.4 months). In univariate analysis, the hazard for 1-year all-cause mortality was increased among patients with HTLV-seropositivity, adult T-cell leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and hepatitis C infection. When corrected, multivariate analysis showed that HTLV seropositivity was no longer associated with 1 year all-cause mortality; however association with AML and hepatitis C infection remained significant.

Conclusion

HTLV-seropositivity was not associated with increased 1 year mortality in multivariate analysis. However, our study is limited by our small patient sample size, as well as the biased patient control population due to selection factors for HTLV testing.
Physiological variations in hypovirus-infected wild and model long-term laboratory strains of Cryphonectria parasitica
Authors: Popović Maja , Nuskern Lucija , Peranić Karla , Vuković Rosemary , Katanić Zorana , Krstin Ljiljana , Ćurković-Perica Mirna , Leigh Deborah Marie , Poljak Igor , Idžojtić Marilena , Rigling Daniel , Ježić Marin
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Forest ecosystems are highly threatened by the simultaneous effects of climate change and invasive pathogens. Chestnut blight, caused by the invasive phytopathogenic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, has caused severe damage to European chestnut groves and catastrophic dieback of American chestnut in North America. Within Europe, the impacts of the fungus are widely mitigated through biological control that utilizes the RNA mycovirus: Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1). Viral infections, similarly to abiotic factors, can cause oxidative stress in their hosts leading to physiological attrition through stimulating ROS (reactive oxygen species) and NOx production.

Methods

To fully understand the interactions leading to the biocontrol of chestnut blight, it is vital to determine oxidative stress damage arising during CHV1 infection, especially considering that other abiotic factors, like long-term cultivation of model fungal strains, can also impact oxidative stress. Our study compared CHV1-infected C. parasitica isolates from two Croatian wild populations with CHV1-infected model strains (EP713, Euro7 and CR23) that have experienced long-term laboratory cultivation.

Results and Discussion

We determined the level of oxidative stress in the samples by measuring stress enzymes’ activity and oxidative stress biomarkers. Furthermore, for the wild populations, we studied the activity of fungal laccases, expression of the laccase gene lac1, and a possible effect of CHV1 intra-host diversity on the observed biochemical responses. Relative to the wild isolates, the long-term model strains had lower enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and higher content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total non-protein thiols. This indicated generally higher oxidative stress, likely arising from their decades-long history of subculturing and freeze–thaw cycles. When comparing the two wild populations, differences between them in stress resilience and levels of oxidative stress were also observed, as evident from the different MDA content. The intra-host genetic diversity of the CHV1 had no discernible effect on the stress levels of the virus-infected fungal cultures. Our research indicated that an important determinant modulating both lac1 expression and laccase enzyme activity is intrinsic to the fungus itself, possibly related to the vc type of the fungus, i.e., vegetative incompatibility genotype.
Prenatal lead exposure is negatively associated with the gut microbiome in childhood
Authors: Eggers Shoshannah , Midya Vishal , Bixby Moira , Gennings Chris , Torres-Olascoaga Libni A. , Walker Ryan W. , Wright Robert O. , Arora Manish , Téllez-Rojo Martha María
Published: June 2023

Background

Metal exposures are associated with gut microbiome (GM) composition and function, and exposures early in development may be particularly important. Considering the role of the GM in association with many adverse health outcomes, understanding the relationship between prenatal metal exposures and the GM is critically important. However, there is sparse knowledge of the association between prenatal metal exposure and GM later in childhood.

Objectives

This analysis aims to identify associations between prenatal lead (Pb) exposure and GM composition and function in children 9–11 years old.

Methods

Data come from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort based in Mexico City, Mexico. Prenatal metal concentrations were measured in maternal whole blood drawn during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Stool samples collected at 9–11 years old underwent metagenomic sequencing to assess the GM. This analysis uses multiple statistical modeling approaches, including linear regression, permutational analysis of variance, weighted quantile sum regression (WQS), and individual taxa regressions, to estimate the association between maternal blood Pb during pregnancy and multiple aspects of the child GM at 9–11 years old, adjusting for relevant confounders.

Results

Of the 123 child participants in this pilot data analysis, 74 were male and 49 were female. Mean prenatal maternal blood Pb was 33.6 (SE = 2.1) ug/L and 34.9 (SE = 2.1) ug/L at second and third trimesters, respectively. Analysis suggests a consistent negative relationship between prenatal maternal blood Pb and the GM at age 9–11, including measures of alpha and beta diversity, microbiome mixture analysis, and individual taxa. The WQS analysis showed a negative association between prenatal Pb exposure and the gut microbiome, for both second and third trimester exposures (2Tβ = −0.17, 95%CI = [−0.46,0.11]; 3Tβ = −0.17, 95%CI = [−0.44,0.10]). Ruminococcus gnavus, Bifidobacterium longum, Alistipes indistinctus, Bacteroides caccae, and Bifidobacterium bifidum all had weights above the importance threshold from 80% or more of the WQS repeated holdouts in association with both second and third trimester Pb exposure.

Discussion

Pilot data analysis suggests a negative association between prenatal Pb exposure and the gut microbiome later in childhood; however, additional investigation is needed.
Genetic characterization and whole-genome sequencing-based genetic analysis of influenza virus in Jining City during 2021–2022
Authors: Li Libo , Liu Tiantian , Wang Qingchuan , Ding Yi , Jiang Yajuan , Wu Zengding , Wang Xiaoyu , Dou Huixin , Jia Yongjian , Jiao Boyan
Published: June 2023

Background

The influenza virus poses a significant threat to global public health due to its high mutation rate. Continuous surveillance, development of new vaccines, and public health measures are crucial in managing and mitigating the impact of influenza outbreaks.

Methods

Nasal swabs were collected from individuals with influenza-like symptoms in Jining City during 2021-2022. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect influenza A viruses, followed by isolation using MDCK cells. Additionally, nucleic acid detection was performed to identify influenza A H1N1, seasonal H3N2, B/Victoria, and B/Yamagata strains. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on 24 influenza virus strains, and subsequent analyses included characterization, phylogenetic construction, mutation analysis, and assessment of nucleotide diversity.

Results

A total of 1,543 throat swab samples were collected. The study revealed the dominance of the B/Victoria influenza virus in Jining during 2021-2022. Whole-genome sequencing showed co-prevalence of B/Victoria influenza viruses in the branches of Victoria clade 1A.3a.1 and Victoria clade 1A.3a.2, with a higher incidence observed in winter and spring. Comparative analysis demonstrated lower similarity in the HA, MP, and PB2 gene segments of the 24 sequenced influenza virus strains compared to the Northern Hemisphere vaccine strain B/Washington/02/2019. Mutations were identified in all antigenic epitopes of the HA protein at R133G, N150K, and N197D, and the 17-sequence antigenic epitopes exhibited more than 4 amino acid variation sites, resulting in antigenic drift. Moreover, one sequence had a D197N mutation in the NA protein, while seven sequences had a K338R mutation in the PA protein.

Conclusion

This study highlights the predominant presence of B/Victoria influenza strain in Jining from 2021 to 2022. The analysis also identified amino acid site variations in the antigenic epitopes, contributing to antigenic drift.
Diet and obesity effects on cue-driven food-seeking: insights from studies of Pavlovian-instrumental transfer in rodents and humans
Authors: Gladding Joanne M. , Bradfield Laura A. , Kendig Michael D.
Published: June 2023

Our modern environment is said to be obesogenic, promoting the consumption of calorically dense foods and reducing energy expenditure. One factor thought to drive excess energy intake is the abundance of cues signaling the availability of highly palatable foods. Indeed, these cues exert powerful influences over food-related decision-making. Although obesity is associated with changes to several cognitive domains, the specific role of cues in producing this shift and on decision-making more generally, remains poorly understood. Here we review the literature examining how obesity and palatable diets affect the ability of Pavlovian cues to influence instrumental food-seeking behaviors by examining rodent and human studies incorporating Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) protocols. There are two types of PIT: (a) general PIT that tests whether cues can energize actions elicited in the pursuit of food generally, and (b) specific PIT which tests whether cues can elicit an action that earns a specific food outcome when faced with a choice. Both types of PIT have been shown to be vulnerable to alterations as a result of changes to diet and obesity. However, effects appear to be driven less by increases in body fat and more by palatable diet exposure per se. We discuss the limitations and implications of the current findings. The challenges for future research are to uncover the mechanisms underlying these alterations to PIT, which appear unrelated to excess weight itself, and to better model the complex determinants of food choice in humans.
Modalities of sequential human robot collaboration trigger different modifications of trunk oscillations
Authors: Ranaldi Simone , Bibbo Daniele , Corvini Giovanni , Schmid Maurizio , Conforto Silvia
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Human robot collaboration is quickly gaining importance in the robotics and ergonomics fields due to its ability to reduce biomechanical risk on the human operator while increasing task efficiency. The performance of the collaboration is typically managed by the introduction of complex algorithms in the robot control schemes to ensure optimality of its behavior; however, a set of tools for characterizing the response of the human operator to the movement of the robot has yet to be developed.

Methods

Trunk acceleration was measured and used to define descriptive metrics during various human robot collaboration strategies. Recurrence quantification analysis was used to build a compact description of trunk oscillations.

Results and discussion

The results show that a thorough description can be easily developed using such methods; moreover, the obtained values highlight that, when designing strategies for human robot collaboration, ensuring that the subject maintains control of the rhythm of the task allows to maximize comfort in task execution, without affecting efficiency.
Group identity modulates bidding behavior in repeated lottery contest: neural signatures from event-related potentials and electroencephalography oscillations
Authors: Hao Su , Jiali Pan , Xiaomin Zhang , Xiaoqin Wang , Lina Lu , Xin Qing , Qin Liu
Published: June 2023

A contest usually involves expenditures, termed “overbidding,” exceeding the theoretical Nash equilibrium. A considerable number of studies have shown that group identity can affect decision-making and competitive behavior, thus providing a new perspective on alleviating the overbidding problem. How group identity influences brain activity when competitors bid in different groups is not yet clear, however. In this study, we implemented group identity manipulation into the lottery contest game and we recorded behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) data at the same time. Two experimental treatments were conducted to study the effect of group identity on bidding behavior. The event-related potentials (ERP) and event-related oscillations (ERO) techniques were utilized to explore brain activity differences caused by participants’ different bidding behaviors under in-group and out-group conditions. Behavioral results showed that individual expenditure was significantly lower when bidding with in-group opponents than with out-group opponents. Analyses of EEG results revealed that compared to in-group conditions, greater N2 amplitudes and theta power were found under out-group conditions. To extend previous studies, we performed supplementary analysis to explore whether enhancement of group identity had effects on conflict alleviation. Behavioral results indicated that individual expenditure was significantly lower after enhancing group identity when bidding with in-group, and EEG results showed more negative N2 amplitudes, smaller P3 amplitudes and larger theta power after enhancing group identity. Collectively, these findings indicate that group identity modulated bidding behavior, and they provide insight into a mechanism to de-escalate group conflict by enhancing group identity.