bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BEYOND THE ENDOTHELIUM: THE ROLE OF MURAL CELLS IN VASCULAR BIOLOGY: In vitro systems to study endothelial/pericyte cell interactions
Authors: Warren Emily , Gerecht Sharon
Published: January 2023

The vasculature is crucial for tissue development and survival, and the stability of blood vessels to perform these functions relies on the interplay between endothelial cells (ECs) and mural cells. Pericytes are a subtype of mural cells found in the microvasculature that extend their processes to wrap around the endothelial monolayer. Pericytes are recruited during vessel growth through the excretion of soluble factors from ECs where they stabilize angiogenic sprouts and induce maturation of the resident cells. Alterations in these interactions between ECs and pericytes are associated with aberrant vessel growth and disrupted vasculature function characteristic of numerous diseases. Therefore, deeper understanding of the cross-talk between these cell types has numerous implications for understanding morphogenesis and elucidating disease mechanisms. In this review, we highlight recent advances and current trends studying the interactions between ECs and pericytes in vitro. We begin by analyzing three-dimensional hydrogel platforms that mimic the tissue extracellular matrix to investigate signaling pathways and altered vascular function in disease-specific cells. We next examine how microfluidic vasculature-on-a-chip platforms have elucidated the interplay of these vascular cells during angiogenesis and vascular network formation under controlled physiochemical cues and interstitial flow. Additionally, studies have utilized microvessels to measure the effect of shear stress on barrier function through the control of luminal flow and the impact of inflammation on these vascular cell interactions. Finally, we briefly highlight self-assembling human blood vessel organoids, an emerging high-throughput platform to study ECs and pericyte interactions.
Anatomical features of branchwood and stemwood of Betula costata Trautv. from natural secondary forests in China
Authors: Zhao Xiping , Guo Pingping , Zhang Zhaolin , Peng Haixin
Published: January 2023

To enhance effective wood utilization, knowledge of the anatomical features that impact its service behavior is indispensable. The anatomical features of branchwood and stemwood of Betula costata Trautv. from natural secondary forests in central (Muzhaling mountain) and northeast (Maoershan mountain) China were studied to provide adequate information to enhance their efficient utilization, especially branchwood, whose use could widen the raw material base of the timber industry. Microtomed sections were employed to determine the tissue dimensions and proportions. Analyses of variance were used to test the anatomical feature differences between the two different sites, between the stemwood and branchwood, and between the heartwood and sapwood. The results showed that B. costata wood is diffuse-porous with more but narrower vessels located in the branch than in the stem. The branchwood also had a significantly higher fiber proportion than the stemwood. The sapwood exhibited significantly longer fibers than the heartwood. B. costata from Maoershan had significantly longer fibers, lower fiber proportions, larger fiber lumen diameter, and higher vessel density than that from Muzhaling. The results suggested that B. costata branchwood from Maoershan is suitable for papermaking and glued plates, while stemwood can be used for light construction purposes.
Effects of different polypropylene and ammonium lignosulfonate contents on the crystallization behavior, rheological behaviors, and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer/ polypropylene/ ammonium lignosulfonate composites
Authors: Gou Rui , Guo Minghui
Published: January 2023

Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), made from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP) based on reactive blending, has excellent processing performance and characteristics and a wide range of applications. However, there are currently no reports in the literature regarding the usage of TPE in making composite boards. In this paper, EPDM, PP, and ammonium lignosulfonate (AL) were used as the raw materials, polyethylene wax was used as the plasticizer, and a dicumyl peroxide vulcanization system with dynamic vulcanization was used to make a new kind of composite material. This research studied the influences of the PP and AL contents on the crystallization behavior, mechanical properties, and rheological properties of the composites. The results showed that the PP content had a noticeable impact on the performance of the composites. The AL content had a major impact on the modulus of elasticity of the composite board. Accordingly, this kind of composite material can be used as an elastomer material for the core layer of laminated flooring.
Experimental investigation into the flexural behavior of hollow, full, and intermittently stiffened (bamboo-like) glulam beams from larch wood
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Luo Lisheng , Fu Haiyan , Sun Youfu , Hui Xiran
Published: January 2023

Bamboo-like glulam beams with hollow section units and intermittent internal reinforcement pieces were produced with small-diameter larch-wood pieces and one-component polyurethane. To better understand the design reliability, the failure mode, ultimate bearing capacity, and application potential were evaluated. Three types of beams (solid glulam, hollow glulam, and bamboo-like rectangular glulam beams) were compared and analyzed in this work. Stiffener pieces glued inside the bamboo-like beam were found to increase the bearing capacity and improve the failure mode relative to the hollow glulam beam. Comparison of the hollow section with a similar outside diameter showed that the ultimate bearing capacity increased by approximately 12.3% when the spacing between the stiffeners was 270 mm, and the ultimate bearing capacity increased by approximately 18.0% when the spacing between the stiffeners was 135 mm. Compared with the solid timber beams, wood consumption was reduced by 26.4% and 25.7% for the hollow and bamboo-like glulam beams, respectively. Also, a parameter analysis of the reasonable spacing and thickness of the stiffener was proposed by the finite element method.
Green production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides via enzymatic hydrolysis from xylan black liquor of oil palm frond
Authors: Ahmad Sobri Nur Syahirah , Harun Shuhaida , Jahim Jamaliah Md , Masdar Mohd Shahbudin , Takriff Mohd Sobri , Mohammad Abdul Wahab , Manaf Mastura Abd
Published: January 2023

The black liquor generated from the alkaline pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is usually disposed of into wastewater, which could lead to environmental pollution. Alkaline black liquor (ALBL) contains a large amount of xylan with a small fraction of lignin, making it a promising raw material for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS). In this study, xylan was extracted from the ALBL generated upon treating the oil palm frond (OPF) with sodium hydroxide via two-stage precipitation for the separation of lignin and recovery of xylan. As a result, approximately 84.0% of xylan retrieved from the ALBL was recovered. Subsequently, enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized to recover the maximum amount of XOS from xylan. The results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis produced the highest XOS (62.5%) under optimal conditions of 50 °C, 4 U/mL xylanase, and 3% xylan loading for 48 h. The study provides insight for maximizing utilization of ALBL of OPF for future biorefinery economy.
Optical properties and lampshade design applications of PLA 3D printing materials
Authors: Wang Chen , Zhou Zhi-yi
Published: January 2023

The optical properties of PLA 3D printing materials and their influencing factors were considered relative to the manufacture of personalized 3D printing PLA lampshades. Rectangular PLA 3D printing specimens were designed, and their light transmittance and haze were analyzed in terms of color, layer height, and wall thickness using UV spectrophotometer. Using the preferred molding parameters for 3D printing of PLA lampshade, three lampshades were designed and completed via 3D printing model fabrication. The results revealed that the milky white specimen had stronger light scattering and better luminous uniformity than the colorless specimen, making it more suitable for the manufacturing of 3D printing lampshades. Among the 3D printing molding parameters, the effect of layer height on the light transmittance and haze of the specimen was not significant. Considering the factors such as time and cost, a 0.3 mm layer height was selected as the preferred molding parameter. The effect of wall thickness on the light transmittance and haze of the specimen was significant. As the wall thickness of the specimen increased, the light transmittance of the specimen decreased, and the haze increased. Considering the factors such as optical performance, time, and cost, a 0.8 mm wall thickness was selected as the preferred molding parameter.
Inteligencia emocional y compra compulsiva en alumnos de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 2020
Authors: Espinoza Urbina Carlos Alfredo
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this article was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and compulsive shopping. The Meta-humor trait scale (TMMS-24), adapted by Fernández Berrocal, Extremera and Ramos, and the Compulsion Purchase survey by Valence, Fortier and Astous, were administered to 97 undergraduate Psychological Sciences students from a national college in Lima (32 men and 65 women), between 19 and 34 years old. A negative and significant correlation was obtained between both variables (r = -.301, p <.1). No statistically significant differences were found according to gender for emotional intelligence; however, differences were found in terms of compulsive shopping, with a slight tendency towards women, with a frequency of 29, compared to men of 8. The descriptive results for the indices regarding emotional intelligence showed a higher incidence in the category of "adequate" with a percentage of 74.2%, "excellent" 13.4% and "needs improvement" 12.4% respectively; for the levels of compulsive buying, there is a higher percentage for the category of "Non-compulsive" with 61.9% and "compulsive" with 38.1%. It is concluded that the higher the emotion perception indices, the lower the level of compulsive buying.
Keywords: Emotional intelligence; compulsive shopping; students.
Formación académica y capacidad de emprendimiento empresarial de estudiantes en una Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
Authors: Alarcón Cerna Jorge Luis
Published: January 2023

The present research work focused on the analysis of university academic training in the Faculty of Administrative Sciences from the Major National University of San Marcos, and how it influences the business entrepreneurship capacity of students, from the third to the tenth cycle, the study was based on the population that amounts to 1632 students with a sample of 315 students, a data collection instrument was developed, which was previously validated with a good rating, this research responds to the research hypothesis, where concludes that there is a significant link between the study variables, establishing the capacity for business entrepreneurship as a dependent variable and the academic training variable as an independent variable, the approach is quantitative, the research is of a causal correlational descriptive type, it is based on a hypothesis that you want to contrast. Finally, recommendations are presented for teachers and students to follow.
Gestión municipal y calidad de servicio público en la municipalidad de Pueblo Libre, 2021
Authors: Ruiz Gutierrez Miguel Stefano
Published: January 2023

Este artículo tiene por objetivo explorar la relación que existe entre gestión municipal y calidad de servicio que presta la Municipalidad Distrital de Pueblo Libre, Lima-Perú, en el periodo de gestión 2019-2021. Esta investigación fue de alcance correlacional, descriptivo, diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. La población y muestra estaba constituido por 31 directivos municipales y 31 representantes de juntas vecinales, estos elegidos por vecinos del distrito; a quienes se aplicó dos cuestionarios por separado para recopilar información, un primer cuestionario se aplicó a los 31 directivos para evaluar la que tenía sobre la gestión municipal y otro cuestionario a los 31 representantes de las juntas vecinales para evaluar la calidad del servicio municipal basa en el modelo Serviqual.  Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y la estadística inferencial mediante el uso del software estadístico SPSS 25. Los resultados muestran que existe relación directa y significativa entre la gestión municipal y calidad de servicio público con un p=0.000 y r=0.928. Entre los resultados más significativos hallados fueron que el nivel de gestión municipal se percibe como muy deficiente en 0%, deficiente en 6.5%, aceptable en un 35.5%, buena en un 41% y excelente en un 5%; respecto al nivel de calidad de servicio como muy deficiente en un 10.1%, deficiente en un 40.6% aceptable en un 34%, buena en 12.8% y excelente en 2.5%. Los resultados evidencian la existencia de una brecha entre las percepciones del trabajo de los funcionarios públicos y las expectativas de los ciudadanos, brecha que determinó la calidad del servicio público municipal.
Gobierno corporativo, influye en la rentabilidad y preservación de empresas del mercado de valores, 2014-2018
Authors: Monteagudo Gamarra Wilver Efren
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Demostrar que las prácticas del gobierno corporativo relacionados con el involucramiento del directorio y el Chief Executive Officer (CEO) en la estrategia del negocio y el ambiente de control, influyen en la rentabilidad de las empresas; de igual forma demostrar que las prácticas vinculadas con el acceso a la información inciden en la preservación del valor de las acciones de las empresas que cotizan en la Bolsa de Valores de Lima, 2014-2018. Método: El diseño de la investigación es no experimental debido a que no hubo manipulación de las variables; y longitudinal, pues se observó el fenómeno tal como sucedió en su contexto natural, siendo su alcance descriptivo con lo cual se creó una instantánea de la situación; es correlacional para explicar el nivel de asociación entre las variables y, exploratorio, para indagar sobre una realidad poco investigada. Los datos fueron obtenidos de la información pública habiéndose seleccionado 10 empresas de las 284 que cotizan en el mercado local. Resultados: Se obtuvieron procesando los datos en una hoja excel; para demostrar que las prácticas vinculadas con la estrategia del negocio y las que corresponden al ambiente de control, influyen de forma directa (positiva) en la rentabilidad financiera con una correlación de 17.8% y 16.7%, y un R² de 3.18% y 2.77%,  respectivamente; y a su vez indican que las prácticas relacionadas con el acceso a la información afectan de forma inversa (negativa) en la preservación del valor de las empresas con una correlación negativa de -58.6% y un R² 34.3%.
Intraemprendimiento: factores facilitadores y limitantes para su desarrollo en las organizaciones
Authors: Aranibar Ramos Edgar Romario
Published: January 2023

Intrapreneurship represents the initiative of employees in organizations, and for the sake of sustainability, its analysis is relevant. Due to this, this work intends to delve into the main facilitating and limiting factors of the development of intrapreneurship in organizations, using for such purposes a qualitative, descriptive, non-experimental methodology based on a review of primary and secondary, national and international sources. It was concluded from them that both facilitating and limiting factors can be segmented into four types: personal, social-environmental, economic-financial and technological. Thus, within the facilitating factors, there was found a positive link and compatibility with the organization, a good work environment, assertive communication and recognition, availability of resources, possession of digital devices and technical knowledge. On the other hand, there was found personal and organizational incompatibility, bureaucracy, difficulty in accessing resources and lack of tangible technology and technical knowledge. Additionally, some intrapreneurship contributions were recognized as a result of the factors addressed. Finally, intrapreneurship studies are recommended from a local, regional and gender perspective.
La vivienda informal y el impuesto predial
Authors: Marquez Valdez Joaquin Ernesto
Published: January 2023

This article seeks to clarify the positive relationship between the inclusion of informal organizations under a registry that allows the collection of property tax in response to assistance in the delivery of proof of possession for access to basic services. The methodology has been carried out under a non-experimental and descriptive investigation, which has shown a lack of state capacities to prevent invasions. In addition, there is a weakness in the tax collection capacity for a private group already titled and registered, so an attempt is made to solve a social problem alleging the need, but without a planned municipal management that can mitigate basic care such as health, safety and others. from effective tax collection. The figure of the passive subject of the property tax is adjusted to a literal interpretation. However, reality shows that there is an important and considerable mass that lives under a situation of possession. The conclusions show that passivity in the collection approach will generate greater damage in the future, since it has been shown that the absence already established both in the inspection and in the restriction of invasions has led to these actions being maintained and prospering.
Procesos de contratación del Estado y gestión institucional: Policía Nacional del Perú
Authors: Saba Castañeda Segundo Felix
Published: January 2023

The objective of this article was to analyze the incidence of State contracting processes in the institutional management of the National Police of Peru (PNP), 2014-2018. The research design was non-experimental, applied, correlational and analytical. The population consisted of 370 administrative and police personnel of the PNP Logistics Directorate. The sample comprised 188 workers of the PNP Logistics Directorate. The survey technique made data collection possible. The questionnaire was the fundamental tool together with the observation form instrument.  The research concludes that the contracting processes have a significant influence on the institutional management of the unit studied, which shows the relationship between the variables. In addition, it was shown that the contracting methods of the unit studied are efficient at a medium level due to the incidence of some procedures of regulations, norms, actions, laws, police personnel with little training and also, scarce intervention of the operative personnel.
Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Mental-Emotional Status in Children during Their First 1000 Days of Life
Authors: Rusli Maryam , Susanah Susi , Rahayuningsih Sri Endah , Risan Nelly Amalia , Wulandari Diah Asri , Dhamayanti Meita
Published: January 2023

Vitamin D receptors are widely expressed in brain tissue, including in the limbic system that plays a role in children's mental and emotional development. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between 25-(OH)-D level and children's mental-emotional development during their first 1000 days of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted on children aged ≤2 years old in Waled and Sukabumi regions using secondary data from previous cohort investigations entitled "The Role of Vitamin D in Efforts to Reduce Maternal and Infant mortality". The measurement of 25-(OH)-D concentration and assessment of the mental-emotional development were performed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ-SE) questionnaire. Other child and maternal characteristics, and several laboratory results, were also obtained. Statistical analyses were performed using the Spearman rank, Pearson correlation test, and multivariate linear regression analysis. A total of ninety-two children were included, and the median vitamin D level of the population was 20.17 ng/mL (IQR 4.43–49.97). The correlation analysis showed that no significant relationship between children's mental-emotional scores and the parameters tested, including the concentration of 25-(OH)-D (correlation coefficient 0.08; p=0.446). There was no relationship between the vitamin D concentration and mental-emotional development. Based on these results, it is concluded that there is no correlation between 25-(OH)-D concentration and children’s mental-emotional development during the first 1000 days of life. However, further investigations are recommended to eliminate various confounding factors.
DETERMINATION OF CONDITIONS FOR REDUCING ENERGY ACCUMULATION IN THE OUTPUT CIRCUITS OF POWER SOURCES OF POWERFUL GAS-DISCHARGE INSTALLATIONS
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Peremohy Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Martynov V.V.
Published: January 2023

The energy intensity of the output circuit of a high-voltage pulse source for a gas-discharge load is determined by the totality of energies accumulated in its reactive elements in operating or transient modes. During breakdowns in the output circuit of high-voltage power supplies, the accumulated energy can be released uncontrollably and lead to ele-ment failures or technological defects. The relationship between the magnitude of the output voltage ripple, the load resistance, the parameters of the inductive-capacitive output filter, the power of the power source and the frequency of its conversion has been established. Analytical expressions are obtained that make it possible to calculate the parame-ters of the output filter of a high-voltage powerful power supply based on the allowable energy that can accumulate in the output filter while providing allowable voltage ripples at the output of the converter. It has been established that the lower the attenuation coefficient of transient processes, the more energy must be accumulated in the filter elements to ensure the required quality of the output energy. On a calculated example of a power supply with a voltage of 30 kV, a power of 450 kW, a conversion frequency of 20 kHz and output ripples of less than 1%, it is shown that for implementa-tion without oscillatory transients with significant changes in load current, the energy intensity of the output filter can exceed 1 J/kW. With an increase in the equivalent conversion frequency, this indicator can be significantly reduced. References 13, figures 4.
OPTIMIZATION OF CONSUMPTION OF PRIMARY FUEL IN LOCAL ELECTRICITY MARKETS FOR SYSTEMS USING DIESEL GENERATORS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Peremohy Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Denysiuk S.P. , Bielokha H.S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Peremohy Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Derevianko D.G. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Peremohy Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: January 2023

Local energy markets represent a separate distribution system with several sources of distributed generation and with its own network-independent operator. The cost of electricity in local systems depends on many criteria. They include the consumption of primary fuel for diesel generators, which depend on their capacity. Equal distribution of power on generators running in parallel leads to an increase in primary fuel consumption. An algorithm for optimizing fuel consumption, which calculates the power distribution of generators connected in parallel, has been developed. These capacities correspond to the minimum value of fuel consumption. The system using three diesel generators and the option of replacing one generator with a solar electric installation was considered. The use of the optimal algorithm allows for reducing the price by an average of 9 to 20% if compared to the uniform distribution. The introduction of a photovoltaic system with a rechargeable battery allowed to increase energy efficiency and reduce the price due to lower running costs of the solar installation. References 10, figures 3, tables 1.
Development of transesterification model for safe technology of chemical modification of oxidized fats
Authors: Korchak Mykola , Bragin Oleksandr , Petrova Olena , Shevchuk Natalia , Strikha Liudmyla , Stankevych Serhii , Svishchova Yana , Khimenko Natalia , Filenko Olesya , Petukhova Olena
Published: January 2023

The object of research is the process of chemical transesterification of palm olein with increased oxidation indicators in the presence of potassium glyceroxide catalyst.
Transesterification is an important method of fat modification. The use of fats with increased oxidation indicators leads to the deactivation of common catalysts and a decrease in the efficiency of the process. There is a need to increase the dosage of catalysts, increase the process temperature, which negatively affects the product quality.
An alternative transesterification catalyst (potassium glyceroxide) was used for the transesterification of palm olein with increased oxidation indicators.
Palm olein (CAS Number 93334-39-5) with standard indicators was used: melting point 22.4 °C, peroxide value 0.8 ½ O mmol/kg, anisidine value 0.3 c. u. Olein was subjected to heating at a temperature of 90 °C in order to increase oxidation indicators, after which it underwent  transesterification. The difference in melting points of the initial and transesterified palm olein was used as a parameter of process efficiency.
The maximum limit values of the oxidation indicators at which the process is effective are: peroxide value 12.7 ½ O mmol/kg, anisidine value 10.4 c. u. The difference in melting points is 12.1 °C, which indicates the efficiency of the process. The qualitative indicators of the obtained transesterified fat indicate compliance with DSTU 4336 (CAS Number 97593-46-9): melting point 34.5 °C, peroxide value 1.2 ½ O mmol/kg, anisidine value 1.0 c. u.
The results of the research make it possible to use fat with increased oxidation indicators without pretreatment and predict the efficiency of transesterification depending on the fat indicators. This will increase profitability and reduce production waste.
Constructions of the experimental-estimation model for releasing combustion products at thermal pulse processing
Authors: Tryfonov Oleg , Shypul Olga , Plankovsky Sergiy , Garin Vadym
Published: January 2023

The object of this study are ways to ensure the speed and repeatability of the valve for the release of combustion products from the thermal-pulse unit, which are the most important parameters that enable the precision of the finishing treatment with detonating gas mixtures. The study is aimed at analyzing the process of releasing combustion products in the valve of the proposed design; identification of factors that affect the speed of its opening; establishing the nature of the change in gas dynamic parameters in the combustion chamber. Experimental studies were carried out on a specialized bench simulating the operation of a valve with pressure measurement in gas cavities and controlling the movement of a movable glass of the valve with an incremental encoder. Information on the position of the movable cup is obtained in real time with a decisive ability of 3 microns. The experimental study showed that an increase in the response rate of the valve of the design under consideration to the values required for precision thermal pulse treatment (0.01 s) is possible subject to the use of compressed air. To study the flow processes of high-temperature gases during the operation of the controlled outlet valve, partially immersed in water, a numerical model has been built. A feature of the model is to take into account the real values of the friction force acting on the moving part of the valve, due to the introduction of resistance force acting on the movable glass. The magnitude of this force under the specified initial conditions is assigned from the condition of ensuring the coincidence between the estimated opening time of the valve and its average value obtained from full-scale experiments. For the range of design conditions, based on the lower limit of the working pressure of the combustion products, the water level is determined in the chamber of the thermal pulse equipment, on which the valve must be partially immersed for safe operation
Numerical solutions for crack problems during elastomer forming
Authors: Kamoon Badr , O. Dahi Salam , Kadhim Hamzah
Published: January 2023

Generically, thermoset elastomers are often referred to as rubber. It is characterized by the chemical bonding between polymer chains. One of the important problems that plague elastomer manufacturing and rubber parts under service is cracks. Predicting the main factors affecting crack propagation trajectories during forming and after curing time is an important challenge. For this purpose, numerical analysis was implemented by using the commercial ABAQUS/CAE software package. A three-dimensional model was established to predict the important factors that affect this process. During the analysis, the effect of forming velocity and the amount of kinetic energy on the distortion of rubber material and crack propagation is explored in detail by using different forming punch velocities. The drop velocity of the upper insert (punch) on the rubber pad was taken as 10 m/s, 7 m/s, and 5 m/s, respectively. Consequently, while each forming velocity will generate different kinetic energy between the interaction surfaces, the change in crack behavior and the normal stress can be monitored in different positions. As a result, among these velocities, it was found that the low forming velocity of the upper insert (punch) is better than the others in forming rubber where cracks and distortions were at minimum values. Also, the amount of kinetic energy is low enough in the case of low speeds and can affect the results significantly. In addition, it was found that the generated stresses have a significant impact on the crack development in a specific area, especially near the fillets and sharp edges. It was concluded that calculating the parameters affecting the crack growth and predicting the crack propagation trajectories using the finite element method is a significant method for predicting and solving crack problems before tool fabrication
Construction of a model for an enclosing structure with a heat-accumulating material with phase transition taking into account the process of solar energy accumulation
Authors: Kudabayev Ruslan , Mizamov Nursultan , Zhangabay Nurlan , Suleimenov Ulanbator , Kostikov Andrii , Vorontsova Anna , Buganova Svetlana , Umbitaliyev Altynsary , Kalshabekovа Elmira , Aldiyarov Zhumadilla
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes a mathematical model and a procedure for calculating the thermal state of the enclosing structure of the building, which includes an energy-active panel that accumulates solar radiation due to the phase transition of the heat-accumulating material. The mathematical model is based on a two-dimensional non-stationary nonlinear equation of thermal conductivity, which describes the process of heat transfer in the bearing layer of the enclosing structure and the energy-active panel. The model also includes equations describing radiant heat transfer between opaque and translucent bodies. To correctly describe solar insolation, the ASHRAE 2009 model was used in conjunction with the daily change in the position of the Sun in the sky.
To solve the system of equations that make up the mathematical model, an iterative procedure has been developed, which involves alternating solution at each time step of the two-dimensional equation of thermal conductivity and a set of algebraic equations of convective and radiant heat transfer.
The study’s result established that the amount of accumulated energy in the heat-accumulating material of the phase transition during daylight hours increases significantly, from 15 to 35 %. At night, the surface temperature of the heat-accumulating element in structures using a material with a phase transition is greater than in the case of heat accumulation only in the bearing layer. As a result, it is possible to select from 70 to 120 % more accumulated heat while the presence of high-thermal partitions in a heat-accumulating material with a phase transition contributes to an increase in accumulated heat and usable heat
Development of technology of snacks with different types of breading for fast food enterprises
Authors: Andrieieva Svitlana , Kolesnikova Maryna , Grinchenko Olha , Iurchenko Svitlana , Dikhtyar Aliona
Published: January 2023

The object of this study is snack technologies for various types of gluten-free breading for "Fast food" ERI format.
It has been determined that snacks are gaining more and more demand in restaurants of the "Fast food" format. From the point of view of a balanced diet, snack products for fast food are rich in cholesterol with increased amounts of sugar, salt, and gluten protein. In the course of technological testing, components for dry breading were selected: rice flour, extruded oatmeal and corn flakes, sesame seeds. For the manufacture of snacks, the main raw material was chosen – shrimp meat, poultry, soft cheese "Brie". To give the snacks more refined and rich tastes, spices were used: turmeric and ground paprika.
For the most part, the technologies are designed for freezing and subsequent heat treatment (deep-frying). According to this, the specificity of the development of two-layer breading was investigated, namely the development of the "Klyar" semi-finished product and dry breading. The composition of the "Klyar" semi-finished product includes cold-swollen starch "Cold Swell", which is able to quickly swell and form a colloidal suspension.
Due to the functional properties of starch "Cold Swell", the cycle "freezing – heat treatment" took place without significant heat loss. With a starch content of 3.5 % in the breading composition, during their cutting, homogeneity of the main product and breading was observed. Carrying out technological testing, it was determined that the starch content is 3.5 %, the losses during heat treatment are up to 8.0 %, thereby confirming that the properties of starch do not only bind but also hold  moisture.
During the study of microbiological indicators, it was determined that frozen snacks are capable of withstanding long-term storage for up to 90 days at a temperature of 18...– 24 °C.
Development of a model of combination of solar concentrators and agricultural fields
Authors: Kussul Ernst , Baydyk Tetyana , Mammadova Masuma , Rodriguez Jorge Luis
Published: January 2023

We have developed several prototypes of solar concentrators that are compact, light, and inexpensive. As an example of solar concentrators, we selected parabolic solar concentrators with plane mirrors that approximate the parabolic surface. The green energy is very important in modern world because of global climate change, which has caused disproportion in the ecological balance, population growth rates, an increase in demand for food and electricity against the backdrop of a decrease in arable land. They are now the main challenges to the development of agriculture and ensuring sustainable food security of many countries. In this paper, as one of the ways to address these challenges, the problems of combining crops with agrivoltaics are studied using the example of two countries – Mexico and Azerbaijan. The economy of both countries is based on oil production, relief and climate have many common features, which are expressed particularly in the abundance of solar radiation, the predominance of mountainous regions with remote and hard-to-reach settlements that need to create autonomous life support systems. A methodology is proposed for the evaluation of the impact of combinations of solar concentrators together with certain agricultural crops. The proposed mathematical model is simple and applicable for different cases of combination of solar concentrators and agricultural fields. The main problem for proposed solar concentrators is the automatization of the assembly process of these solar concentrators. We proposed two methods of assembly that is, using a parabolic rule and using a robotic arm with a stereoscopic vision system. Both methods are described in this article. The simulation of these processes was made with using software of SolidWorks
Implementation of convolutional neural network for predicting glaucoma from fundus images
Authors: Rakhmetulayeva Sabina , Syrymbet Zarina
Published: January 2023

The contributions of this paper are two-fold. First, it uses machine learning tools to detect and monitor glaucoma. Second, it provides insight into medicine, which can assist healthcare professionals in improving disease diagnostic accuracy and help to reduce the progression and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in patients. Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, which can cause vision loss and blindness at any age. The main symptom of glaucoma in the early stages is high internal eye pressure. It is still unknown what causes these diseases to develop, but if not treated, they result in optic nerve atrophy. For this reason, in this paper we propose a novel deep learning system for the automatic diagnosis of glaucoma using a convolutional neural network for classification, which demonstrates improved performance and records computation time for fundus images. The results showed an accuracy of 94 % and a loss value of only 0.27. The model we have created to investigate with Keras helped us achieve good results in our training and testing process. These study results demonstrate the ability of a deep learning model to identify glaucoma from fundus images. Increasing the filter size and training the model resulted in a higher accuracy rate. A population survey that was conducted in 2019 shows that most patients with glaucoma become aware of their disease late, after the disease causes a high level of optic nerve damage and a high percentage of vision loss. Early diagnosis and detection of glaucoma using optic nerve imaging technology have gained wide clinical interest in stopping or slowing the progression of the disease, allowing the development of new algorithms to automate the diagnosis of eye diseases
Development of the recipe composition of gluten-free flour confectionery products based on chickpea flour
Authors: Omaraliyeva Aigul , Botbayeva Zhanar , Agedilova Mereke , Abilova Meruyert , Nurtayeva Ainur , Baishugulova Shyryn
Published: January 2023

The object of this study was gluten-free flour confectionery. In order to improve the structure of the assortment and create products for specialized purposes, the hypothesis was tested that ultra-high-frequency processing can help reduce the microbiological contamination of raw materials and improve the organoleptic characteristics of finished products. For this purpose, recipes for gluten-free flour confectionery products were developed, making it possible to obtain the best values of the specific volume of finished products – custard semi-finished products and gluten-free cupcake. Based on the implementation of second-order rotatable plans, regression models were built, and the resulting response surfaces were transformed to the canonical form. Based on this, it was established that the rational ratios of the components of the cupcake in the formulation are: 80 % flour from ultra-high-frequency processed chickpea flour, 15 % rice, and 5 % amaranth flour. The ratio of components of the custard semi-finished product from ultra-high-frequency processed chickpea flour and corn flour was approximately 50:50 %.
Prototypes of gluten-free flour confectionery products were produced, and the main quality indicators were determined. It was found that when flour from ultra-high-frequency processed chickpeas was introduced into the recipe of a cupcake from rice and amaranth flour, the amount of limiting amino acid lysine increased by 1.08 times compared to unprocessed chickpea flour. In the custard semi-finished product, the amount of the limiting amino acid arginine increased by 1.97 times compared to unprocessed chickpea flour. In general, the biological value of enriched cupcake and custard semi-finished product on average exceeds the control sample by 1.5 times.
In terms of safety, the developed gluten-free flour confectionery products meet the requirements of regulatory documentation.
The effectiveness of cytoprotection in the treatment of stable angina in patients with arterial hypertension and hyperuricemia, taking into account the peculiarities of the course of coronary artery disease in wartime
Authors: Iablonska Victoriia , Kholopov Leonid , Khyzhnyak Olena , Batashova-Halinska Viktoriia
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study is to establish the effectiveness of treatment of severe angina pectoris in patients with hyperuricemia, taking into consideration the peculiarities of the course of coronary artery disease (CAD) in wartime, using ranolazine – a selective inhibitor of the late sodium flow in combined pharmacotherapy.

Materials and methods. We studied the anti-anginal effect of ranolazine in 14 patients with CAD, stable angina pectoris III-IV functional class (FC), hyperuricemia and arterial hypertension (AH) during 6 months of the 2022 year. The effectiveness of the study drug on the clinical course of angina pectoris was assessed by questionnaire and clinical examination after three months of treatment.

The results. At the end of the second week of ranolazine use, angina attacks at rest, which were registered before the start of the observation, stopped in all patients with angina pectoris III FC and 50 % with angina pectoris IV FC. In 78.6 %, the number of angina attacks and the use of nitrates decreased by more than 2 times; 21.4 % no longer had angina attacks.

At the end of the first month, anginal attacks were not observed in all patients with angina pectoris III FC and 50 % with angina pectoris FC IV. In 2 patients with angina pectoris IV FC (50 %), anginal attacks continued to be registered during physical exertion and emotional stress, but no more than once a week. At the same time, there were no angina attacks at rest. The same results were obtained during the survey of patients at the end of three months of observation.

Conclusions. Ranolazine is an effective component of anti-anginal therapy, significantly affecting the patient's quality of life. Therefore, we can recommend ranolazine for patients with hyperuricemia in angina attacks that persist with insufficient effectiveness of zasic therapy with first-line drugs, especially during military conflicts
Preparation and evaluation of lipid matrix microencapsulation for drug delivery of azilsartan kamedoxomil
Authors: Rahi Firas Aziz , Ameen Muath Sheet Mohammed , Jawad Krar Kadhim Mohammed
Published: January 2023

The aim of the work is to consolidate azilsartan-kamedoxomil (AZM) into lipid matrix controlled-release microparticles to enhance its permeability because AZM belongs to Biopharmaceutical classification (BCS) IV which characterized by poor permeability and to protect AZM from light and humidity and execute a prolonged release profile.

Materials and methods. A reversed-phase HPLC method was created and validated to estimate the drug. AZM microparticles formulations were invented using melt dispersion technique and waxy materials such as carnuba wax, beeswax, stearic acid in the ratio of waxy-substance: drug ranging from 0.25: 1 to 1:1 and stabilizer namely; tween 80 and Poloxamer 407 in ratio of stabilizer: drug ranging from 0.5:1 to 1:1. Azilsartan formulations were assessed for azilsartan-medoxomil content, loading, entrapment efficiency, the zeta potential,the particle size, the morphology by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and in-vitro release profile.

Results. Zeta potential results for microparticle formulations using beeswax and carnuba range from -21.1 mV to -26.6 mV and -20.6 mV to -26.7 mV, respectively. This difference indicates that the azilsartan microparticles containing stearic acid are better stabilized with zeta potential of 25.3 - 29.7 mV. Furthermore, the release from azilsartan microparticle formulations containing stearic acid exceeded 80 % after 8 h and remained for 24 h while release from beeswax did not exceed 65 % after the same period and less than 60 % in case of carnuba formulations

Conclusions. The formulation (AZSP4) exhibited the highest zeta potential and released exceeding 80 % of AZM over the course of 8 hours and remained over a day. AZSP4 microparticles formulation containing, poloxamer 407, in a 0.8:0.8:1 drug: stearic acid: poloxamer ratio proved the ability of stearic acid microencapsulation employing poloxamer as stabilizer in a certain ratio can prolong the release of AZM
The effect of information and communication technologies on gender equality at a selected university in South Africa
Authors: Naicker Visvanathan , Mbengo Ivy
Published: January 2023

In today’s technological environment, it is essential to make technological advancements. This requires both men and women to have equal information, communication, and technology opportunities. Various efforts have been made to address the issue of gender equality in the workplace. It can be noted that even though equal opportunities between men and women may exist, discrimination against women is still immanent in the workplace, for example, gender bias, inequalities, and underrepresentation. Thus, the object of research is the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on gender equality in the workplace in today’s digital age.
An empirical investigation was carried out at a selected higher education institution in South Africa. Purposive sampling was used, and 19 participants were interviewed. Mixed methods were used for this study, with the qualitative findings used in the preliminary discussions. The collected data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and NVIVO.
The study’s findings show that ICTs play an important role in promoting gender equality. ICTs enable women to be empowered, educated, independent, and autonomous, enabling them to acquire top positions as men in the workplace.
This study adds to the body of knowledge on how ICTs have been proven to be a valuable tool in promoting gender equality by giving a voice to the voiceless and empowering women. This study also informs stakeholders about how women bring diversity to the workplace and why it is essential to give them equal opportunities with men.