bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SARS-COV-2-RELATED MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROMEDISCOVERED IN A CHILD WITH ACUTE ABDOMEN: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Assistant Professor In Pediatric Surgery Faculty Of Medicine of Agadir University Ibn Zohr Morocco., Cherrabi Hind
Published: January 2022

The majority of the authors agree on the frequency of asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic forms of SARS COV 2 infection in children and the rarity of complications. [1] However, the terminology developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization of the Pediatric Multi-Systemic Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with COVID19 has a very heterogeneous symptomatology,non-specific and variable severity. [2,3]We report through this observation the case of a 9-year-old child admitted to paediatric surgical emergencies in a clinical acute abdomen and in which serology covid came back positive to IgG associated with a beam of clinical and biological signs ,The diagnosis of COVID19-associated multi-systemic pediatric inflammatory syndrome was retained.
A CASE REPORT OF TREATMENT COURSE IN A NEGLECTED CLUB FOOT CHILD
Authors: Khalid Bilal , Ayub Ayisha
Published: January 2022

Congenital club foot is among the most common developmental deformities in which affected children have abnormal bone arrangement. The worldwide clubfoot prevalence is around 0.6 to 1.5 per 1000 live births and around 1.4-1.5 per 1,000 live births in Pakistan. The need for this case study was to see the effect of Ponseti technique in a neglected clubfoot case where bony surgical procedures are mostly recommended to improve the deformity. After evaluation, the child was diagnosed with right clubfoot deformity. Conservative treatment using Ponseti method was initiated with weekly follow up followed by soft tissue release and post-operative casting. Now the child can bear her weight and walk properly.
HERBS OF BHAVAPRAKASH NIGHANTU W.S.R. TO MEDOROGA (OBESITY)
Authors:   Associate Professor, P.G. Department of Dravyaguna., Johari Rohit , a Swati ,   P.G. Scholar, P.G. Department of Dravyaguna Dayanand Ayurvedic College, Mahatma Hansraj Marg, G.T. Road, Jalandhar (Punjab) 144008.
Published: January 2022

Obesity is a penalty of the modern era, the world-wide latest report on prevalence of obesity according to W.H.O states that around 250 million cases of obesity are being reported every year. Obesity is considered the most sedentary disorder which has been ranked as the fifth foremost reason for death globally. It is an increasing problem in the developed world and has substantial health effects. In Ayurveda obesity has been described as Medoroga. Acharya charaka mentioned that a person in whom excessive and abnormal increase of fat tissue (meda dhatu) along with mamsa dhatu is found which results in to pendulous appearance of buttocks, belly and breasts and whose increase bulk is not matched by a corresponding increase in energy is called Sthula purusha. There are many Medohardravays mentioned in Bhavprakash Nighantu. Bhavmisra, the author of Bhavprakasha Nighantu which is among one of the treatises in laghutrayi.This present study will be designed to screen the drugs having medohar action mentioned. Bhavaprakash Nighantu on the basis of their rasa, guna, veerya, vipaka and their corresponding actions/karma mentioned.Thisstudy illustrates the drugs which having medohar karma/action described are taken into consideration.
PROMOTING INFLUENZA VACCINATION: INSIGHTS FROM INFLUENZA (H1N1) OUTBREAK IN JHARKHAND
Authors:   Research Scientist - I (Non-Medical), VRDL, Department of Microbiology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand -834009., Sinha Nikesh , Singh Shweta ,   Research Scientist - I (Medical), VRDL, Department of Microbiology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand -834009., Kumar Manoj ,   Professor , Department of Microbiology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand -834009.
Published: January 2022

Background and Objectives: Influenza virus is a typical human pathogen causing serious respiratory illness resulting in significant mortality. In the recent years, increase in number of confirmed cases of influenza virus infection has occurred in different districts of Jharkhand. Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus emerged in 2009 and caused pandemic with high morbidity and mortality in India and worldwide. In Jharkhand, influenza virus infection remains an important health issue, since vaccination is not universal. Aim & objective: The study was conducted at Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, during January 2019- February 2020. Materials and Methods: Samples of clinically suspected cases of influenza-like illness received in the Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, RIMS, Ranchi, from January 2019 to February 2020 were included in the study. Results: During the study period, a total of 150 samples from clinically suspected cases of influenza like illness belonging to Category C as per case definition were received for testing. Of these 150 samples, 23 samples tested positive for influenza A. Of total suspected cases (150), 58 were females and 92 were males. Conclusion: Active surveillance is required from time to time to timely diagnose the disease and manage the complications and take necessary steps to control them.
A STUDY ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTION PATTERNS OF INJECTABLE ANTIBIOTICS REPORTED IN THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE CENTRE OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING INSTITUTE, MANIPUR
Authors:   Post graduate trainee, Department of Pharmacology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India., Zosangpuii Christina , Ningthoujam Geetanjali ,   Post graduate trainee, Department of Pharmacology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India., Gunindro Ngangom ,   Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India., Devi Nameirakpam Meena ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India., Devi Leisangthem Tarinita ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India., Singh Nameirakpam Surjit ,   Pharmacovigilance Associate, Pharmacovigilance Centre, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.
Published: January 2022

Background:Antibioticsare one of the most commonly used drugs in hospitalised patients and are sometimes associated with significant safety concerns. However, there is still insufficient data about the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR) especially in case of injectable antibiotics. This study was done to assess the severity and pattern of different types of adverse drug reaction that occurs with commonly used injectable antibiotics. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done at Pharmacovigilance centre RIMS utilizing data from January 2018 till December 2019. Result: A total of 146patients who presented with antibiotic associated ADR reported during the study period were included in this study. Incidence was higher in males (90) as compared to females (56). The most common injectableantibiotic responsible for ADR was found to be the cephalosporin group (42.6%). A total of 178 different ADRs were observed among 146 patients, out of which the dermatological system (27.4%) was the most commonly affected system. On evaluation of WHO-UMC causality assessment of ADRs, majority were found to be possible (64.4%). Conclusion:Injectable antibioticsare one of the most importantdrugs used for treatment of various clinical conditions and the sheer magnitude of their usage among hospitalised patientsrequires special monitoring especially with respect to the adverse reactions they can cause.A more active pharmacovigilance is needed for better understanding of the types of injectable antibiotics associated ADRs. Active monitoring can also help promoterational use of these important life saving drugs.
MATERNAL GENE POLYMORPHISMS OF VITAMIN B12 METABOLIC PATHWAY AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES
Authors:   Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Telangana, India., T. Sunitha , Gayatri C. Sowmya ,   Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Telangana, India.,   ESIC Superspeciality Hospital, Hyderabad, India., P. Jharna ,   Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Telangana, India., U. Satyanarayana ,   Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Gannavaram, India.
Published: January 2022

Congenital heart disease (CHD) describes a huge set of structural and functional abnormalities that arises during cardio embryogenesis. Low levels of maternal vitamin B12 can disturb the homeostasis of the fetal folate metabolism pathway. The gene CUBN encodes for the intrinsic factorâ€“ cobalamin receptor (cubilin), which acts as a receptor for intrinsic factor to many compounds such as vitamin B12.Main aim of our study was to analyze association of CUBN G253A (rs1801222) variant with maternal serum folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine (Hcy) levels and thereby its link with congenital heart defects. 110 pregnant women with vitamin B12 deficiency and carrying fetuses with CHD and equal number of age matched healthy women were selected as cases and control subjects respectively. Maternal serum folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels as well as genetic polymorphism CUBN G253 â†’ A were assessed. In the present study, it was observed that cases with GA genotype, A allele under the dominant (p=<0.001) and allelic models (p<0.001) respectively and cases with AA genotype under the co-dominant (p<0.01) and recessive models (p<0.001) demonstrated an increased risk of an offspring with CHD. Furthermore, while cases with GA and AA genotypes of CUBN G253A variant showed significantly elevated Homocysteine, it was observed that all the CHD case mothers were vitamin B12 deficient irrespective of the CUBN genotype.
Mitigating Measures and Corona Virus Disease-19 in Bunia Town the Ituri Province Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Debaba Alfred Mawa
Published: January 2022

According to World Health Organization, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The virus COVID-19 is transmitted through droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. The droplets are too heavy to hang in the air and quickly fall on floors or surfaces. A person gets infected by touching a contaminated surface and then his eyes, nose, or mouth (WHO,2020). COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Most infected people develop mild to moderate illness and recover without hospitalization. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, tiredness. The fewer common symptoms are aches and pains, sore throat, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, headache and loss of taste or smell, a rash on the skin, or discoloration of fingers or toes. Most people who fall sick with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment. 80% will recover from the disease without needing special treatment (WHO,2020). Around one in every five people who are infected with COVID-19 develop difficulty in breathing and require hospital care. People aged over 60 years and people who have underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, respiratory disease, or hypertension are among those who are at greater risk. (WHO,2020).
FUNCTIONAL VARIATION OF TRANSLATION AS A FACTOR IN SUCCESSFUL INTERCULTURAL INTERACTION
Authors: KUSHNINA Lyudmila V. , Geykhman Lyubov K.
Published: January 2022

The authors discuss functional variability as an urgent problem of modern cognitive translation studies and consider it both as a natural property of translation activity and as an imperative for successful intercultural interaction of communicants. Kushnina’s synergetic model is the basis for theoretical analysis of translation space alongside with skopos-theory of translation by K. Nord and functional typology of translation by J. Delilah. The leading methods of analysing translation space are the field, Gestalt, interpretative, conceptual and functional methods. The aim of the work is to substantiate the idea of the translation functional variation, which determines its harmony. Hamlet’s monologue from Shakespeare’s immortal work and its translations into Russian and French are used as material for the analysis.
The authors prove that functional variability of translation most clearly can be traced in the two functions of translation: identifying and culture-forming. The identifying function while translating the same meanings into different linguistic cultures manifests itself in the synergetic accretion of new meanings. The meanings are expressed by certain cultural markers, identified by the recipients with perceptions, judgments, associations that are peculiar to their native culture. At the same time, the cultural variability of semantic increments and transfers in the phatic field of translation space acquires the properties of cultural determination. The properties meet the requirements of foreign-language and fo­reign-cultural recipients. And that is the novelty of the research undertaken. As a result of the study, it has been established that the culture-forming function of translation is the leading one: each culture imposes its own imprint on the formation of images, ideas and concepts that are close and understandable to the reader.
The authors conclude that the success of intercultural interaction is due to the addition of new meanings as a prerequisite for translation harmony, whereby the text of the translation naturally integrates into and enriches the host culture.
ANTHROPOMORPHIC METAPHORICAL MODELS IN CONCEPTUAL FIELD “NATURE” IN THE POETRY OF S. YESENIN AND OF HǍI ZI
Authors: KUPCHIK Elena V. , MA Xun
Published: January 2022

The article presents the analysis of metaphorical models that are characterized by nature phenomena’s adaptation of human traits in the poetry of S. Yesenin and of Hǎi Zi (often called “Chinese Yesenin”). The study of cognitive models in their linguacultural representations as well as the research on metaphors as a mean of perception of national worldview persist to appear often in linguistic discourse and are still considered to be a promising area in linguistics. The novelty of the present article is due to the study of anthropomorphic metaphors of these two poets as a cognitive phenomenon and due to its comparative nature. The subject of the research is comparative tropes that are manifestations of metaphorical models in poetic texts of the Russian and Chinese poets. The aim of the work is to reveal and to characterize anthropomorphic metaphors of nature in the poems of S. Yesenin and Hǎi Zi. The research methodology includes the descriptive and the comparative methods as well as the method of quantitative estimation. The research resulted in description of composition of nature objects that are within target domain of anthropomorphic metaphors as well as of objects within source domain. The authors of the research also present topic classification of language material, define nature things reflected in anthropomorphic metaphors that are significant for each of these two poets. In addition, the common and different characteristics of anthropomorphic metaphors of S. Yesenin and Hǎi Zi are highlighted. It was discovered that both of these poets use anthropomorphic metaphors to describe the whole spectrum of nature things related to flora and fauna, natural phenomena, as well as to earth, water and air space. The research is concluded by stating that the expression of individual poetic identity of both poets coexists with the reflection of features of national cultures in anthropomorphic metaphors.
PUNCTUATION MARKS IN THE REGIONAL BUSINESS TEXT OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY: ON THE PROBLEM OF THE FORMATION OF THE RUSSIAN PUNCTUATION SYSTEM
Authors: TROFIMOVA Olga V.
Published: January 2022

The article presents some results of the study of one of the stages of the formation of the Russian punctuation system. The research material is a corpus of handwritten documents of 1762 1796 from the State Archive of the Tyumen region. The research corpus includes business texts which were published by the author in the Tyumen University Publishing House, as well as documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
The study used grammatical-diplomatic, comparative-historical methods and content analysis, using the method of quantitative calculations, presentation of materials and data obtained in the form of tables and diagrams. Trends in the use of punctuation marks depending on the genre of the document are revealed. It is found that punctuation is mostly associated with the design of the boundaries of the initial protocol, as well as with the change of the modality of the text (from narrative to imperative), presented as a prop “Text” in the structure of an abstract form. It has been established that the reason for the use of punctuation marks in the props “Text” may be the need to designate the boundaries of new information that is included in the document in connection with each new subject of speech. At the same time, the genre (type) is indicated and the content of the primary document is retold, from which new information is extracted. The pragmatic part in the form of the document reflects each new stage in the activities of the office, which is due to the need to resolve the current legal extralinguistic situation.
The variants of punctuation design of subordinate explanatory sentences that contain the pronoun what are studied. Such grammatical constructions introduce the indirect speech of another addressee into the text, and therefore they are often included in the structure of written business communication.
A formal grammatical analysis of complex syntactic constructions in two regional documents of 1773 and 1787 was carried out. The principle of selecting texts for research is the presence in the text of punctuation marks in large numbers or their complete absence. This feature of the text may be a consequence of different punctuation literacy of the writer.
The text corpus has a significant volume. The volume of the corpus allows the author of the article to consider that the results obtained on the regional material are objective, and to project conclusions on the history of Russian punctuation as a whole.
Polypharmacy- Purpose, Benefits and Limitations
Authors: Grover Douglas , Tom Michelle , Maguire Gerald , Stahl Stephen
Published: January 2022

With what has become increasingly common among nearly all medical specialties,
the number of patients who have various comorbid diseases both psychiatrically and
mentally challenges the field of psychiatry. As a result, it is not uncommon for physicians
to be imposed with treatment decisions regarding polypharmacy, the use of multiple
medications to treat different diseases, or even the same illness several times. In recent
years, the concept of polypharmacy has been known to have a negative undertone,
implying that its use is inappropriate or causes more harm than the potential benefit. Although
the use of any medication should involve risk versus benefit discussion, when
used with good clinical judgment and pharmacologically sound knowledge, this practice
can be potentially life-altering for patients.
Bibliometric Analysis of Highly Cited Articles on Organic Food Products
Authors: Painuly Poonam , Pachaury Prachi
Published: January 2022

Aim:

The purpose of the present study is to map and address renowned authors, scientific
annual production, collaboration indices, impact factors, and keyword and count objects towards
organic food products.

Methods:

The current analysis examined 140 research articles published in Science Citation Index
(SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) databases from 2002 to 2021. Additionally,
the study conducted a bibliometric review on small but promising literature from the Web of Science
database and included only highly cited articles.

Results and Discussion:

This study investigated that India has secured a position in the world for
single country production and multiple country production. Besides this, the publication trend of
organic food products showed enormous growth in recent times. This study also identified that
“H” indexed authors such as Gracia D.E.A. Magistrist, and Albrecht SE. showed their interest in
organic food products and published many articles in this domain.

Conclusion:

For further research in relation to different aspects of organic food products, such as
proper knowledge and communication of organic food, it defines a preposition for future insight
into the topic. Similarly, it focuses upon the choice experiment of the consumers towards this
domain and also uncovers the preposition in relation to organic food products for future research.
The result also highlights the level of publication and scientific production of organic food products,
which has increased from 2002- 2021.
Cytotoxicity, Molecular Docking, ADMET and DFT Analysis of Alkaloids from the Roots and Fruits ofVepris dainelli
Authors: Anza Mathewos , Endale Milkyas , Cardona Luz , Cortes Diego , Cabedo Nuria , Eswaramoorthy Rajalakshmanan , Abarca Belen , Domingo-Ortí Inés , Palomino-Schätzlein Martina
Published: January 2022

Background:

Vepris dainelli (Rutaceae) is an endemic medicinal plant of Ethiopia, traditionally used for the treatment of abdominal cramps, intestinal worms, skin diseases, and tooth pain.

Methods:

Roots and fruit extracts were subjected to silica gel column chromatographic separation to afford five alkaloids, reported for the first time from the species. The cytotoxic effects of alkaloids (2-4) were evaluated in vitro against the estrogen-responsive MCF-7 and estrogen-unresponsive MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines by MTS assay.

Result:

The results revealed that alkaloids (2-4) induced a significant reduction in cell growth of both breast cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Evodiamine (4) showed the highest potency against the aggressive metastatic MDA-MB-231 cell line at low micromolar concentrations. In addition, it highly arrested the cells in the G2/M phase, especially the MCF-7 cell line. By contrast, evoxanthine (2) and arborinine (3) exhibited higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 than MDA-MB- 231 and influenced the cell cycle in both cell lines by arresting some cells in the G2/M phase, preventing cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis. Molecular docking analysis showed that all alkaloids inhibit human topoisomerase II α, compared with vosaroxin’s anti-cancer agent under clinical trial. The ADMET studies revealed that the alkaloids showed the highest drug-likeness properties, suggesting that these alkaloids act as a drug and exhibit remarkable biological activities, except (5). DFT calculations indicated that the studied alkaloids showed the lowest gap energy and were chemically reactive.

Conclusion:

The results obtained from molecular docking, drug-likeness properties, ADMET analysis, and DFT calculation are in good agreement with experimental studies. Hence, evoxanthine (2), arborinine (3), and evodiamine (4) may serve as lead molecules that could be developed into potent topoisomerase II α inhibitors against human breast cancer cells.
Feasibility Study on Preparation of EN-GJL-250 Rough Microstructure
Hydrophobic Surface by WEDM
Authors: Li Zhaolong , Liu Yingtao , Cao Binren , Zhu Bo , Yang Xiaodong
Published: January 2022

Background:

Preparation of the superhydrophobic surface on the metal substrate can
effectively solve the problems of easy corrosion and easy ice coating of metal materials, and it is
given the functions of self-cleaning, oil-water separation, lubrication and drag reduction. Constructing
micro-nano rough structures and reducing surface potential energy are the key factors in preparingsuperhydrophobic
surfaces. There is no macroscopic cutting force between the electrode and
workpiece in the WEDM process, the surface roughness can be changed by controlling the energy,
and the complex shape can be manufactured by increasing the degree of freedom. The WEDM
method has broad application prospects in the preparation of the superhydrophobic surface.

Objective:

To verify the feasibility of preparing the hydrophobic surface by WEDM, the micro-nano
structure of the EN-GJL-250 (Gray cast iron material) surface was processed by the WEDM method,
and the effect of surface roughness on the hydrophobicity of the surface was studied; Simultaneously，
in the process of WEDM, the effects of peak current and pulse width on the surface roughness
and static contact angle (CAs) of the EN-GJL-250 were studied. The purpose was to improve
and control the surface hydrophobicity of the EN-GJL-250.

Methods:

The micro-nano structure was fabricated on the EN-GJL-250 surface by WEDM. Using
the single factor test, by setting different peak currents and pulse widths, the surface roughness and
CAs of the processed EN-GJL-250 can be measured.

Results:

Using the WEDM machine tool, by inserting set dimensions and regular contour parameters,
the micro-nano structure with hydrophobic properties can be machined on the EN-GJL-250
surface. Different WEDM processing parameters produce rough microstructures of different scales
and affect the hydrophobicity of the EN-GJL-250 surface. Experimental results show that with the
increase of pulse width and peak current, the surface roughness of EN-GJL-250 also increases, and
the number and size of craters in the microstructure increase, which improves the hydrophobicity of
the surface of EN-GJL-250; When the peak current is 16A and the pulse width is 32us, the CAs of
the prepared EN-GJL-250 surface is the highest.

Conclusion:

The surface roughness microstructure of EN-GJL-250 is processed by WEDM, which
can realize the hydrophobicity of the surface. The pulse width and peak current will affect the
roughness of the processed surface, thereby affecting the hydrophobic properties of the surface. The
research data in this paper provides theoretical support for the industrial production of superhydrophobic
EN-GJL-250 surfaces.
effect of high knee running and high knee bounce skips exercises on running speed of 100 meters of athletic extracurricular participants in senior high school
Authors: Listiwikono Eko , Supono Supono , Mustain Ach Zayul , Setiawan Wawan , Mursidi Agus
Published: January 2022

Field tennis is a small ball game that requires a field and the players need a racket with its own string specifications. Like the Wilson NXT brand strings on the Wilson Hyper Hamer 7.5 racket, which has its own tension when it will receive the ball. To find out the tension of the strings, it is necessary to do a test. The experiment was carried out on the Wilson Hyper Hamer 7.5 racket with Wilson NXT brand strings against the Wilson ball and Nassau ball bounce. This research is a quantitative descriptive in which the data are analyzed by performing normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing. The normality test carried out showed that the Wilson XT brand string tension on the Wilson Hyper Homer 7.5 racket against the Dunlop ball and Nassau ball bounce had a significance of 0.05 and was categorized as normal. For the homogeneity test, it can be seen that the results of the Dunlop ball and Nassau ball bounce have a sig value p (0.31) so that the data is homogeneous. From the results of the t-test is 8.133 and the t table is 2.31 with a p significance value of 0.611.
impacts contract farming on cultivation and postharvest practices on red chili farm in Magelang District, Indonesia
Authors: Angreheni Diah , Darma Rahim , Asrul Laode
Published: January 2022

Contract farming refers is to carry out the agreement between the buyer and the farmer to reduce risk for both parties. Red chili is rotten, damaged, and has a large shrinkage, causing production, quality and price risks. The study provide an empirical analysis of the impact of contract farming on chili cultivation and postharvest practice. The field survey was conducted in Magelang District as the one of the production centers of red chillies in West Java. Data collected from  40  farmers for contract and 45 farmers for noncontract. The results of the study indicated that the cultivation and post-harvest practices on contract farmers are better in quality, as well as in quantity compared to non-contract farmers. In contract farming, cultivation and post-harvest practices done by farmers are controlled by growers as representatives of the company. Tight control over the products produced by farmers generates  not only for the better quality,  but also  the increase  chili farm productivity. Contract farming is recomended to apply other agricultural commodities, specially for high risk commodity which has wid price fluctuation, high quality variation, and susceptible to climate changes.
Entre claustro e cátedra São Lourenço Justiniano e as transformações de um modelo de santidade
Authors: Falcão Nuno de Pinho
Published: January 2022

In 1956, the commemoration of the fifth centenary of the death of St Lawrence Justinian, Protopatriarch of Venice, made him the object of interest of historians and theologians. The studies produced at the time, which highlighted his spiritual and reforming dimension, his life journey and his prelatic activity, received ample encouragement from Patriarch Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli.The interest of the future John XXIII in his predecessor in the Patriarchate, and the sense given to the research by the various authors, reveal the appeal that the figure of the first Patriarch of Venice would have for the contemporary world.Between the profile of holiness constructed in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and its recovery by the Venetian Church in the twentieth century, it is possible to discern different visions of Lawrence Justinian, born of the particularities of each era, and the mirroring that each one did on the profile of the Protopatriarch. While at first Lawrence Justinian was praised for the perfection of his life and for being an exemplary prelate, the 20th century focused on his reforming and theological dimension, recovering for the aggiornamento movement of the Church all his exemplary qualities as a pre-Tridentine reforming prelate.
Abade Pierre Fournié (1738-1825) um martinesista convicto
Authors: Rosa Vítor
Published: January 2022

Abbot Pierre Fournié (1738-1825) was secretary to the enigmatic theurgist Martinès de Pasqually (1727-1774), founder of the Ordre des Chevaliers Maçons Élus Coëns de l’Univers in France. He is one of the main actors of the first Martinism. Ignoring beautiful language and a rudimentary culture, he presents himself as a simple being, full of faith and charity, to whom the supernatural world naturally manifests itself. Strange character, with a strange destiny. For some, he was a mediocre vulgarizer of Pasqually’s doctrine, an uneducated, ignorant and almost illiterate. For others, his place was as a visionary, a mystic and an illuminated. This article aims to analyze his life and his work Ce que nous avons été, ce que nous sommes, et ce que nous deviendrons (1801). Pierre Fournié is one of the first actors of martinism in the 18th century and an inescapable figure of Christian mysticism.
A pelagra em Portugal: entre carência nutritiva e intoxicação alimentar
Authors: Ferreira Tânia
Published: January 2022

The improvement in living conditions in recent decades, with reflections on a more diversified and accessible diet to the population, allowed to eradicate some diseases caused by malnutrition, as in the case of pellagra.A nutritional disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin), with serious complications at the dermatological, gastrointestinal and mental level, affected mainly the most disadvantaged populations, whose diet was based on the prolonged and almost exclusive consumption of maize, with an endemic character in several European countries. This article aims to provide a historical and endemiological framework for the disease of the rose, and later to evaluate the effects of knowledge about the disease in Portugal at the beginning of the 20th century.
O Douro Superior, da produção cerealífera à vinhateira: a afirmação do vinho do Porto
Authors: Sequeira Carla , Lage Otília
Published: January 2022

This article focuses on the affirmation and sustainability of vines and wine, articulated with cereal farming in the Douro Superior, and analises three phases of its vineyard evolution: the first, embryonic and of reduced commercial expression, prior to the phylloxera outbreak; the second, of progressive affirmation, from the last quarter of the 19th century to the demarcations of 1907-1908, with the institutional recognition of the enlargement of the Douro Demarcated Region to the border with Spain; the third, in the course of 20th century, corresponding to the development and wine consolidation of this sub-region, which today produces Port wine and high quality DOC wines. It is part of a vast field of research on the process of transformations of the Douro Regional Space2, the expansion of the vineyard with intra-regional differences and the economic and institutional changes in the Port wine sector, during the temporal arc considered
INSTITUCIONALISMO & INOVAÇÃO: A LEI DO BEM COMO INSTITUIÇÃO EXTRATIVISTA NO ECOSSISTEMA INOVATIVO NACIONAL
Authors: Scaff Luma Cavaleiro de Macêdo , Pereira Luiz Felipe da Fonseca
Published: January 2022

A inovação é fundamental para o desenvolvimento econômico e na busca de estimulá-lo o Brasil se utiliza de incentivos fiscais, mas estes devem alcançar o maior número possível de agentes econômicos dentro do ecossistema inovativo nacional. Neste contexto, pretende-se estudar o arranjo jurídico da Lei do Bem sob a perspectiva institucionalista, em especial sob a ótica dos ensinamentos do economista Daron Acemoglu. Adota-se o método hipotético dedutivo e fontes primárias e secundárias mediante coleta de dados e análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Para isto serão apresentados a relação da inovação com Constituição Federal, a definição da escola institucionalista de instituições inclusivas e extrativistas, bem como a apresentação da Lei do Bem no que tange seus incentivos fiscais à inovação. O resultado possibilita concluir que a referida Lei ao adotar a restrição ao regime de lucro real dificulta o alcance dos benefícios as empresas de pequeno porte, bem como limita a utilização dos benefícios por outras condicionantes aos optantes do regime do instituto, favorecendo um pequeno número de empresas, além da ausência de critérios objetivos para controle de resultado, configurando-se como uma instituição extrativista.
O MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO NA FORMULAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Suxberger Antonio Henrique Graciano
Published: January 2022

Qual o papel do Ministério Público na formulação das políticas públicas no campo da segurança pública? A edição da Lei federal nº 13.675, em 2018, estabeleceu o Sistema Único de Segurança Pública (SUSP) como modelagem para as políticas de segurança pública nos níveis federal, estadual e municipal. O presente artigo problematiza a modelagem das atribuições do Ministério Público que se projetam na temática da segurança pública. Para tanto, diferencia o que são políticas públicas de segurança, tema mais amplo que se vincula à noção de desenvolvimento, das políticas públicas de segurança pública. Sustenta que a atuação do Ministério Público deve se dirigir a focos específicos, identificados como etário, social, territorial e repressivo. Na sequência, apresenta os arranjos institucionais das políticas de segurança pública como híbridos e complexos, dado que se operam em coordenação interinstitucional e nos níveis federal, estadual e municipal. Metodologicamente, o artigo se vale de método dedutivo e promove estudo descritivo e exploratório, amparando-se em revisão da literatura e análise de dados (especialmente os diplomas normativos na temática de segurança pública). A contribuição do artigo consiste em discutir atuação político-criminal do Ministério Público a partir do desenho institucional estabelecido pela Lei do Sistema Único de Segurança Pública.
MY LAW AND MODERNIZATION JOURNEY
Authors: Souza Santos Boaventura de
Published: January 2022

History is always written backwards, from the present to the past. Most of the time, this sequence remains hidden in the historical narrative of any given existential experience. In this chapter, I will start by analyzing how I see, today and in retrospect, the historical and political context of the Law and Modernization Program [L&MP]. I will then move to analyze my journey at Yale University in the early 1970s. It will be evident how the turbulence and the excitement of the latter analysis reproduces in a foggy and messy way the greater clarity and assertiveness of the first analysis. Social and political history has a double existence: as macro-history of the large-scale societal forces that shape the social and political processes at national and transnational levels; and as micro-history of individuals and communities as they express their creativity within such processes, managing resources and resistances, opportunities and constraints, often partly or totally unaware of the macro-history of which they are part. The two levels of history do intersect and influence each other in unfathomable ways, but each one has its own dynamic and neither level in isolation can tell the whole story of history. [1] I will conceive the personal journey of the different participants in the L&MP as micro-history, and so as inserted in specific ways in a macro-history, the post-World War II period, Cold War and US international politics, particularly concerning its historically privileged region of influence, Latin America. Even though I will mainly focus on the micro-level history, in the first section I will briefly mention the main facets of the macro-history as I understand it.
A VIABILIDADE CONSTITUCIONAL DA ADOÇÃO DO PARLAMENTARISMO NO BRASIL: O PERENE DILEMA INSTITUCIONAL BRASILEIRO EM SEUS ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS, JURÍDICOS E POLÍTICOS
Authors: Trevisan Leonardo Simchen , De Oliveira Junior José Alcebíades
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo trata da viabilidade de uma mudança no sistema de governo no quadro da vigente Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. Levando em consideração aspectos históricos, jurídicos e políticos, ele busca resgatar o pensamento de autores clássicos da teoria constitucional brasileira acerca do melhor sistema de governo para o país, se o presidencialismo ou o parlamentarismo, e contextualizá-lo na presente conjuntura, expondo um juízo afirmativo a respeito da possibilidade de uma alteração que, por obra do poder constituinte derivado, promova a substituição do atual regime de governo. Sustenta, da mesma forma, que a superação do presidencialismo, modelo institucional anacrônico, rígido e esgotado, e a concomitante adoção do parlamentarismo, sistema muito mais agregador e dinâmico, além de possível juridicamente, é igualmente oportuna do ponto de vista político-institucional. Sua implantação no Brasil poderia, nesse sentido, ser vista como um imperativo de racionalidade das instituições, contribuindo decisivamente para a superação do atual quadro de instabilidade e crise política, de modo a propiciar a consolidação e o aprofundamento da jovem democracia brasileira.Palavras-chave: crise política - parlamentarismo – presidencialismo.
O OBSERVATÓRIO NACIONAL E A COOPERAÇÃO ENTRE CONSELHOS JUDICIAIS E MINISTERIAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Mattos Karina Denari Gomes de , Andrade de Moura Lincoln Antônio , Balbi Guilherme
Published: January 2022

Os Conselhos Nacionais de Justiça (CNJ) e do Ministério Público (CNMP) no Brasil, instituídos por força da Emenda Constitucional nº 45/2004, são parte de um movimento global de fortalecimento dos mecanismos institucionais que visam a ampliação da transparência e efetividade das instituições do sistema de justiça, ao mesmo tempo que garantam sua autonomia e independência face a outros poderes. A criação de Conselhos Judiciais também caminha lado a lado com a tendência cada vez mais forte de aproximação do sistema de justiça com a opinião pública e pela busca de uma maior legitimidade. No Brasil, o Observatório Nacional sobre Questões Ambientais, Econômicas e Sociais de Alta Complexidade e Grande Impacto e Repercussão, criado em 2019 em parceria pelo CNJ e CNMP, se apresenta como uma iniciativa inédita tanto para a consolidação do modelo de atuação dos Conselhos quanto em termos de aproximação estratégica entre Judiciário e Ministério Público e prestação de contas à sociedade. O presente trabalho visa descrever essa instância interinstitucional após dois anos de execução de suas atividades e questionar seus impactos, especialmente em termos de ganho de legitimidade e transparência na prestação de informações à sociedade.
ESTADO, PODER POLÍTICO E DIREITO EM UMA ÉPOCA DE MUDANÇAS: POR QUE LER GRAMSCI?
Authors: Brunet Emiliano
Published: January 2022

Este artigo parte da pergunta sobre a relevância do pensamento de Antonio Gramsci no enfrentamento de problemas clássicos e ainda atuais da teoria do Estado. Adota-se como recorte analítico a noção de hegemonia no pensamento gramsciano, partindo-se da premissa de que, através desta categoria, Gramsci examinou temas sensíveis para a teoria do Estado, tais como unidade, poder e vontade coletiva. Na seção 1, o artigo procura situar o pensamento gramsciano dentro da tradição marxista a fim de assinalar sua originalidade, o que perpassa a concepção de Estado adotada. Em sua seção 2, o artigo examina, a partir da historicização do pensamento gramsciano, como a descoberta do tema da hegemonia no terreno do bolchevismo e o posterior esforço de ‘tradutibilidade’ daquela noção para o contexto italiano descortinaram perspectivas singulares sobre as relações entre unidade estatal, formação da vontade coletiva e do consenso. A seção 3 procura esclarecer como, nos escritos do cárcere, o conceito de hegemonia se reformula e aprofunda e, de forma combinada com a noção de revolução passiva, tenta dar conta de compreender as radicais transformações por que passava o Estado no Ocidente entre o primeiro pós-guerra e os anos 1930. Em sua conclusão, o artigo sustenta que a reflexão gramsciana, por meio da aplicação de categorias como hegemonia e revolução passiva ao estudo do surgimento da economia politicamente programada, nos legou uma contribuição importante para a construção de uma teoria crítica da mudança social e política, em que ao Estado e ao direito são reservados lugares relevantes.
OS TRIBUNAIS COMO MÁQUINAS DE GUERRA DO ESTADO FASCISTA ITALIANO EM ALFREDO ROCCO E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES NO PENSAMENTO E NA ATUAÇÃO POLÍTICA DE FRANCISCO CAMPOS, O JURISTA DO ESTADO NOVO
Authors: Alves Rogério Pacheco
Published: January 2022

O século XX é profundamente marcado pelo fascismo e pelos mais variados tipos de autoritarismo, fenômenos que vão realocar o Estado no campo da filosofia política e produzir alterações em seu interior e em suas concepções teóricas. Os Tribunais cumprem importantes papéis nessa nova arquitetura e funcionam como aparatos legais contra o dissenso político no fascismo italiano de Mussolini e no estadonovismo de Vargas, através da atuação repressora do Tribunal Especial para a Defesa do Estado (Itália) e do Tribunal de Segurança Nacional (Brasil). Como pano de fundo teórico dos novos papéis judiciais tem-se a concepção de um Estado forte baseado na ordem e na unidade e que nega a soberania popular, a criar um tipo de unidade anônima, embora se sirva das massas como plataforma de legitimação do poder que exerce. O Estado forte despreza a separação dos poderes e a democracia liberal, vistas como mitos que apenas enfraquecem a ordem estatal. Além disso, o Estado forte gravita em torno de uma personalidade carismática que produz em si um tipo de unidade espiritual entre o Estado e a sociedade.  Os aparatos judiciários de exceção e a doutrina do Estado forte contam com as contribuições teóricas e práticas de Alfredo Rocco e Francisco Campos, juristas e ideólogos da exceção. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é, no marco de perspectivas críticas sobre a teoria do estado e a problemática relação entre direito e política, contribuir ao aprofundamento das aproximações entre as concepções políticas do Poder Judiciário no fascismo italiano e no Estado Novo brasileiro, indo além das pesquisas que resgatam as relações de filiação entre a legislação criminal italiana da década de trinta e a legislação brasileira produzida pelo Estado Novo. Os temas propostos no presente trabalho nos permitem refletir sobre as relações entre direito e política e sobre o sistema de justiça como antiga e ainda eficiente máquina de guerra voltada à eliminação do dissenso político e da democracia.
Effect of Screen Time on Behavior of Preschoolers in Islamabad: Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Suleman Marriam , Sughra Ume
Published: January 2022

Background

The early years of childhood form the basis of intelligence, personality, social behavior, and the capacity to learn and nurture oneself as an adult. It is increasingly recognized that early and longer exposure to screens has adverse effects on the development of children. This research was significant in finding out the effects of screen time on the behavior of preschoolers, which could provide scientific grounds to the control of digital screen time.

Objective

We aimed to determine the effect of electronic exposure on the behavior, emotional development, and sleep quality of preschoolers and determine the average number of hours preschoolers spend with electronic devices in Islamabad.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 4 private preschools of Islamabad. A sample of 200 children aged 3 to 5 years was selected through multistage random sampling. The sociodemographic characteristics and screen time of the children were acquired by using parental questionnaires. Children were grouped based on a daily screen time of ≤60 minutes or >60 minutes. An analysis was conducted based on the results of the Child Behavior Checklist for children aged 1.5 to 5 years. The Cronbach α coefficient was found to be .925. It was analyzed by using SPSS version 22 (IBM Corporation). A chi-square test, an independent sample t test, and multilinear regression were applied to determine the associations and significance levels between the variables.

Results

The study results indicate that increased screen time was found to be statistically significant with regard to a child’s age, their education level, and the employment status of mothers. It was observed that preschoolers with a screen time of >60 minutes (mean 11.94, SD 3.91; P=.01) tend to more commonly experience withdrawn syndrome than those with a screen time of ≤60 minutes (mean 10.72, SD 3.01). Similarly, sleep problems were also more commonly observed in preschoolers with a screen time of >60 minutes (mean 10.97, SD 3.20; P=.01) when compared to those with a screen time ≤60 minutes (mean 9.90, SD 2.59). It was also observed that increased screen time had an association with autism spectrum problems among preschoolers with a screen time of >60 minutes (mean 17.66, SD 5.89; P=.047) when compared to those among preschoolers with a screen time of ≤60 minutes (mean 16.17, SD 4.58). The strongest predictor of the outcome variable was found to be mothers’ education level (ß=21.53).

Conclusions

The findings reveal that excessive screen time is a deleterious factor associated with the behavioral problems of preschoolers. Parents must also think about their child’s screen time. This requires parents’ active engagement and constant attention, so that the development and growth of their children are not affected adversely.