bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of a combination of oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine derivative molecule S-1 on expression levels of IL-9 and CysLTR-1 in a rat model of colon cancer
Authors: Li Yan , Huang Bin , Zou Xiangcai , Guo Xiongbo , Lin Yikun
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of a combination of oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine derivative molecule S-1 on the expression levels of IL-9 and CysLTR-1 in rats with colon cancer.

Methods: One hundred and eighty healthy Spraque Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups A (healthy control), B (model), and C (treatment) with 60 rats in each group. Western blotting was used to determine contents of CysLTR-1 and related pathway proteins, while the levels of IL-9 and IFN-γ were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine cell proliferation, while cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry.

Results: Tumor volume was larger and tumor diameter was longer in group B than in group C (p < 0.05). The expression levels of CysLTR-1, LTD4, β-catenin, COX-2, IL-9 and IFN-γ were significantly up-regulated in groups B and C, relative to group A (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation was also significantly faster in groups B and C than in group A, while apoptotic rate was lower (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Combined use of OX and S-1 inhibits CysLTR-1 expression level in colon cancer rats. Furthermore, it down-regulates IL-9 expression, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. Therefore, the combination treatment has potentials for development as a therapeutic strategy for the management of colon cancer.

Keywords: Oxaliplatin; Fluoropyrimidine derivative molecule; Colon cancer; CysLTR-1
Neuroprotective effects of delavatine A on LPS-induced activation of microglia in vitro and in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Xing Huijuan , Sun Qiang
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effects of deloratine A on liposaccharide (LPS)-induced microglia activation in vitro and in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: LPS-induced microglial activation was successfully established in mouse microglia BV2 cell line. Then, the cells were randomly divided into model group, 2.5 μM delavatine A group, 5 μM delavatine A group, and 10 μM delavatine A group. The effect of delavatine A on the release of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in BV2 cells was determined. In the vivo studies, 21 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury, and effect of delavatine A on neural function and cerebral infarction area was determined.

Results: The NO content was significantly higher in LPS-induced microglial activation model than in blank control, but it was significantly lower in the 3 delavatine A groups than in model group (p < 0.05). The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly higher in model group than in blank control group, but they were significantly and dose-dependently lower in delavatine A groups than in model group (p < 0.05). In the in vivo rat studies, neural function score and cerebral infarction area in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham group, while cerebral infarction area in delavatine A groups were significantly lower than that in the model group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Delavatine A significantly reduces the inflammation associated with LPS-induced microglial activation, mitigates loss of neural function, and reduces cerebral infarction area in rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury. These findings may lead to the development of new neuroprotective drugs.

Keywords: Delavatine A; LPS; Microglia activation; Ischemia-reperfusion injury; Neural function; Cerebral infarction area
Network pharmacology approach to screen hypoglycemic extracts from Coptidis rhizoma and study their targets and pathways
Authors: Xiao Liu , Li Yi , Liu Xin-guo , Yang Quan-wei , Yang Lei , Huang He-gui , Huang Lei , Wei Ming
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To screen the hypoglycemic active ingredients of Coptidis rhizoma, and study their targets as well as signal pathways via network pharmacology.

Methods: Fifty-nine ingredients of Coptidis rhizoma were screened. Their targets were confirmed by comparing with the hypoglycemic targets in DrugBank databases. The relationship between ingredients and targets was revealed through String database. The ingredient-target-passageway network was constructed. Coptidis rhizoma was soaked in boiling water and concentrated. Rat models were rendered diabetic by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. The hyperglycemic rats received Coptidis rhizoma extract (0.40 g/kg, once a day by gavage).

Results: After four weeks of treatment, the blood glucose levels (BG) of all treated hyperglycemic rats decreased (p < 0.05). Twenty-four hypoglycemic active compounds were obtained after screening the extract of Coptidis rhizome via network pharmacology. These active compounds activated 13 targets, including D (2) dopamine receptor (DRD2), Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), 5- hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (HTR2C), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A (HTR3A) and sodiumdependent noradrenaline transporter (SLC6A2). These targets were involved in 141 pathways, e.g., cAMP signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, and apelin signaling pathway.

Conclusion: Coptidis rhizoma contains several active compounds that exhibit good hypoglycemic effects. Thus, there is a need for human studies on the hypoglycemic effects of Coptidis rhizome extracts.

Keywords: Coptidis rhizome; Hypoglycemic effects; Network pharmacology; D (2) dopamine receptor (DRD2); Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
Effect of Ferula elaeochytris root extract on smooth muscle contraction of vas deferens gland in rat
Authors: Cimentepe Ozge Ozturk , Gocmen Cemil , Eser Nadire , Buyuknacar Hacer Sinem , Cimentepe Mehmet
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Ferula elaeochytris (FE) at the prostatic and epididymal ends of rat vas deferens.

Methods: The effects of cumulative concentrations of FE (10 μL; 31.25 mg/μL and 20 μL; 62.5 mg/μL) were investigated on prostatic and epididymal ends of rat vas deferens in the presence of prazosin (0.3 μM), suramin (100 μM), atropine (10 nM) and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NOARG; 100 μM). The muscle contractions were induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS; 4 Hz, 50 V, 0.15 ms). Calcium (3 and 6 mM) was added into the bath medium while electrical field stimulation (EFS) was in progress.

Results: Ferula elaeochytris significantly inhibited the muscle contractions induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in a concentration-dependent manner. In the presence of prazosin or suramin, the contractile responses to EFS were significantly inhibited by FE at the prostatic and epididymal ends of vas deferens (p < 0.05). However, this inhibition was not affected by atropine and L- NOARG, suggesting that there is no direct interaction of FE with cholinergic and nitrergic responses. However, in the presence of prazosin or suramin, Ca2+ addition to the organ bath significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of FE at the prostatic and epididymal ends of vas deferens (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: These results show an inhibitory effect for the extract of FE on neurogenic contractile activity of prostatic and epididymal ends of vas deferens. This effect of FE may be associated with Ca2+ channels.

Keywords: Contractile activity; Electrical Field Stimulation (EFS); Ferula elaeochytris; Rat; Vas deferens
Effect of combined treatment with linezolid and ulinastatin on respiratory function and serum inflammatory factors in elderly patients with severe pneumonia
Authors: He Zhengqiong , Wu Xi , Zhang Wei , Li Yan , Zeng Zhiyou , Zhang Yan , Du Guipeng
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the clinical effect of linezolid in combination with ulinastatin on respiratory function and serum inflammatory factors in elderly patients with severe pneumonia.

Methods: Ninety-eight (98) elderly patients with severe pneumonia in Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital (January 2019 - January 2020) were equally randomized into group M and group N. Group M patients received linezolid alone, while those in group N received linezolid in combination with ulinastatin. Indices related to respiratory function such as maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMF), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax), maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax), as well as serum inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were determined.

Results: Total treatment effectiveness, pulmonary function indexes and arterial blood gas indices were higher in group N, while serum inflammatory factors and CPIS and APACHE II scores were lower, when compared with group M (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in both groups was comparable (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Combined use of linezolid and ulinastatin produces marked therapeutic effect in elderly patients with severe pneumonia. It effectively lowers serum inflammatory factor levels, elevates arterial blood gas indices and improves pulmonary function. However, further clinical trials are required prior to its introduction in clinical practice.

Keywords: Severe pneumonia; Respiratory function; Serum inflammatory factor; Linezolid; Ulinastatin
Clinical effectiveness of a combination of oxiracetam and traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation program in the treatment of early stroke patients with hemiplegia
Authors: Zhang Xiangli , Mao Haiyu
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a combination of oxiracetam and traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation program on early stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Methods: 120 patients with early stroke hemiplegia admitted to Wuhu Fifth People's Hospital from March 2019 to July 2020 were recruited. They were equally and randomly assigned to either a control group or a study group, using the random number table method. The control group received oxiracetam, while the study group received oxiracetam plus a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation program. Outcome measures included treatment effectiveness, motor function, neurological function, TCM symptom scores, and patient satisfaction.

Results: There was significantly higher treatment effectiveness in the study group versus the control group (p < 0.05). The Fugl-Meyer score of the control group was lower than that of the study group (52.49 ± 4.73 vs 74.73 ± 5.92; p < 0.001). After treatment, patients in the study group showed lower neurological function and TCM scores than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the study group showed higher satisfaction than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of oxiracetam and TCM rehabilitation program produce good treatment effectiveness in early stroke hemiplegia patients, and also boosts motor and neurological functions when compared to the use of oxiracetam alone. However, the combination treatment should be subjected to further clinical trials prior to application in clinical practice.

Keywords: Chinese medicine rehabilitation program; Early stroke hemiplegia; Oxiracetam; Motor function; Nerve function
Effects of SOCS3 on the development of colon cancer via regulation of HIF-1α
Authors: Chen Fang , Long Yifan , Guo Cuiyun , Zou Hui , Wang Yingying , Dong Kunbo
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the influence of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) on rats with colon cancer (CC).

Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into CC group and control group, and then CC rat model was constructed. The expression of SOCS3 in CC tissues was determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) was used to examine colon tissue morphology. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining assay was performed to determine the expression of SOCS3 protein in colon tissues. The contents of HIF-1α, phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (p-PI3K), and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) proteins were determined by Western blotting (WB).

Results: Compared with that in the control group, the number of tumors in CC group was significantly increased (p < 0.05). 2). On the other hand, protein and message ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions of SOCS3 were down-regulated in CC group (p < 0.05). 3), while protein expressions of p-PI3K, p-AKT and HIF-1α were raised in CC group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: SOCS3 is lowly expressed in CC rats, and promotes the expression of HIF-1α by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, SOCS3 provides a therapeutic strategy for the management of colon cancer.

Keywords: Colon cancer; Suppressor of cytokine signaling protein 3 (SOCS3); Hypoxia inducible factor-1α
Synergetic effect of poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor and cisplatin on ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Yanyi , Shan Ying , Duan Yingchun , Jiang Cui , A Jisaihan , Ohno Yuko
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of the combination of poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, talazoparib (BMN673), and cisplatin on the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and on xenograft tumors of ovarian cancer cells in vivo.

Methods: Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay, while cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed using colony formation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. Western blot assay was used to measure the expression levels of proliferation- and apoptosis-related proteins.

Results: The PARP inhibitor, BMN673, produced a dose-dependent synergistic effect with cisplatin (p < 0.05). Compared with when cisplatin or BMN673 was used alone, the combination of cisplatin and BMN673 significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that cisplatin and BMN673 treatment increased the number of cells positive for TUNEL, but reduced the population of cells positive for Ki67.

Conclusion: Thus, BMN673 and cisplatin are synergistic against ovarian cancer cells, and therefore, should be subjected to further investigations, including clinical trials, to determine the potentials of the combination for the management of ovarian carcinoma.

Keywords: PARP inhibitor; Ovarian cancer; Xenografted tumor; Cisplatin
Dexmedetomidine protects gastric mucosal epithelial cells against ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Liu Tianpin , Wang Bing , Han Qiong , Gong Wansheng , Ye Juan
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the role of dexmedetomidine in gastric ischemia/reperfusion injury using gastric mucosal epithelial cell (GES-1) model.

Methods: GES-1 were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions, followed by increasing dexmedetomidine concentrations (0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 μM) for 4 h of reoxygenation. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide and flow cytometry, respectively. Oxidative stress and inflammation were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions induced cytotoxicity in GES-1 by decreasing cell viability and increasing apoptosis. Dexmedetomidine treatment significantly increased the cell viability of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced GES-1 (p < 0.01) but reduced apoptosis. Dexmedetomidine also attenuated the hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced increase in malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase, but the decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione in GES-1. Moreover, upregulated tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced GES-1 was downregulated by dexmedetomidine treatment. Dexmedetomidine also enhanced IL-10 levels and inhibited proinflammatory factor production (p < 0.01). High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in GES-1 was upregulated by hypoxia/reoxygenation but decreased by dexmedetomidine. HMGB1 over-expression attenuated the dexmedetomidine-induced increase in cell viability and the decrease in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced GES-1 (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine protects GES-1 against ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress by inhibiting HMGB1, thus providing a potential strategy for treating gastric ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Keywords: Dexmedetomidine; gastric mucosal epithelial cells; Ischemia/reperfusion; Apoptosis; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)
The Factor of Knowledge Implementation and the Development Status of Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Situma Joseph , Mutsotso Beneah M.
Published: August 2022

Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have generally remained relatively poor for many decades, despite various internal and external measures. Every year, African governments conceive and implement poverty reduction and eradication policies, and multi-lateral agencies and developed countries provide development assistance to enable SSA countries achieve their development goals. This article utilises systems theory to advance the thesis that sub-Saharan countries’ failure to develop is, to a significant extent, a consequence of poor knowledge utilisation. The significance of knowledge utilisation arises from the fact that in modern society, differentiation is pronounced and each sphere requires special knowledge for optimal outcomes. However, in sub-Saharan countries, knowledge is largely utilised to secure the vulgar goals of the political elite. When knowledge is perceived to require policies that are in disharmony with those goals, it is not utilised. This paper demonstrates that the selective under-utilisation of knowledge accounts for the failure of sub-Saharan countries to realise their development goals. The analysis concludes that while in his Social Systems Niklas Luhmann conceived society to be a constituent of systems and sub-systems that work to enable it to maintain and renew itself, in SSA countries dysfunctional political systems impede the process of self-maintenance and self-renewal. As such, Sub-Saharan states must re-orient to utilise knowledge correctly.

 

Keywords

Knowledge, modern society, differentiation, political elite, development
Abundance, spatial distribution and threats to Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in an Important Marine Mammal Area in Tanzania
Authors: Kasuga Magreth P. , Varisanga Modest D. , Davenport Tim R.B. , Jiddawi Narriman , Braulik Gill T.
Published: August 2022

Abundance estimates of cetaceans in the western Indian Ocean are rare, but important, as many cetacean populations are under threat, especially those in coastal habitats.  This study aimed to generate first estimates of abundance for Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus), assessed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List, in an area identified by the Marine Mammal Protected Area Task Force as an ‘Important Marine Mammal Area’.  Two study sites were surveyed along the east and west coastlines of the Pemba Channel, Tanzania.  In west Pemba, between 2014 and 2016 four boat-based visual surveys conducted a total of 2467 km of survey effort sighting a total of 16 groups of T. aduncus. Abundance was estimated using mark-recapture models of photo-identified individuals as 83 animals (CV 7.8%, 95% CI 72-97) in the 1084km2 study area.  In the Tanga study area in 2016 two boat-based visual surveys covered 1254 km of effort during which 15 groups of T. aduncus were sighted, resulting in a photo-ID based mark-recapture abundance estimate of 196 (CV 8.9%, 95% CI 165-233) individuals in the 1562 km2 study site. Group encounter rate for this species in Tanga was double that recorded in the Pemba study site. A total of 23% of identified dolphins bore the scars of interactions with fishing gear.
Assessment of vertical and horizontal distribution of meiobenthos along a salinity gradient in the Tana and Sabaki Estuaries, north coast Kenya
Authors: Amisi Joel , Munga Cosmas , Wambiji Nina , Kimani Edward
Published: August 2022

Meiobenthos respond to variability in salinity gradients in estuarine habitats and are thus suitable organisms for ecological studies. The vertical and horizontal distribution of the meiofauna community structure of two major estuaries (Sabaki and Tana) on the north coast of Kenya were compared. The aim was to draw a meiofaunal dataset inventory of the two estuaries and to examine how salinity gradient, seasonality and sediment characteristics influence their structure. Replicate samples were collected from three sampling stations along the salinity gradient of each river estuary. A total of 3,556 individuals belonging to 26 taxa were recorded. Based on seasons and across stations, the upper surface (0-5 cm) layer recorded the highest meiobenthic density (90 ± 42 ind.10 cm-2), followed by 46 ± 23 ind.10 cm-2 (5-10 cm) and 30 ± 8 ind.10 cm-2 in the deepest sediment layer (10-15 cm) studied. The southeast monsoon season recorded the highest mean density (160 ± 22 ind.10 cm-2) compared to the northeast monsoon season (22 ± 12 ind.10 cm-2) for both estuaries. Results of the non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling technique revealed distinct seasonal composition in meiobenthos but not between the estuaries. Results of the 2-way ANOSIM test confirmed no significant differences in meiobenthic composition between the estuaries (p = 0.712). However, seasonal difference was significant (p = 0.001) with higher densities for nematoda (166 ± 99 ind.10 cm-2 and 56 ± 29 ind.10 cm-2) recorded in Tana and Sabaki, respectively during the southeast monsoon season. At least 7 taxa out of a total of 26 were present in both estuaries. Salinity gradient, season and sediment depth were found to influence the meiobenthic densities and taxa composition.
Phytoplankton distribution along a salinity gradient in two Kenyan saltworks (Tana and Kurawa)
Authors: Hinzano Sheban M. , Okalo Francis A. , Ngarari Morine M. , Opiyo Mary A. , Ogello Erick O. , Fulanda Alexander M. , Odiwour Dan O. , Nyonje Betty
Published: August 2022

The current study assessed the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton genera in two Kenyan saltworks (Tana and Kurawa) in March and September 2021. Water samples were obtained from ponds with salinities ranging from 30 to 200 ppt by filtering 40 l of water using a 20-μm phytoplankton net. Seventy-six genera of phytoplankton were identified. Genera richness, evenness and diversity decreased with increasing salinity while phytoplankton abundance increased with increasing salinity. Higher phytoplankton densities were observed in the Tana than in the Kurawa saltworks. Ponds of <100 ppt were dominated by Dinophyceae and Bacillariophyceae which accounted for >90 % of the phytoplankton community. Ponds of salinities >100 ppt were dominated by Cyanophyceae which accounted for >90 % of the phytoplankton community. From the results it was concluded that Kenyan saltworks host diverse phytoplankton genera whose richness decreases with increasing salinity and varies with seasons. The present data describes variation of phytoplankton assemblages in salt ponds between two selected seasons, but several samplings throughout the year would be more appropriate to describe variations of phytoplankton with season in these salt ponds.
Peningkatan Literasi Zakat Dan Wakaf Dalam Rangka Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Desa Sukadamai Tanah Sereal Bogor Jawa Barat
Authors: Windianingsih Agustin , Darmawan Muhamad Wawang , Najih Akhmad
Published: August 2022

Pemahaman akan fungsi dana zakat dan wakaf perlu disosialisasikan sebagai gerakan kolektif nasional untuk meningkatkan perekonomian rakyat. Kemiskinan merupakan problematika yang menjadi persoalan yang sangat serius dalam Islam. Oleh karena itu Islam berupaya untuk dapat mengatasi kemiskinan dan mencari jalan keluarnya, sehingga seseorang dapat terhindar dari kemiskinan yang dapat berdampak pada rusaknya akidah, syariah dan akhlak seseorang Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan peningkatan literasi zakat dan wakaf dalam rangka pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Sukadamai Tanah Sereal Bogor Jawa Barat. Metode pelaksanaan dengan teknik penyuluhan yang diselenggarakan secara langsung di Majelis Ta’lim Al Mubarak Kampung Situpete Desa Sukadamai Tanah Sereal Bogor Jawa Barat dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang peserta. Dari hasil kegiatan yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Kampung Situpete Desa Sukadamai masih tergolong awam dalam memahami hukum dan manajemen zakat dan wakaf produktif. Pemahaman umum masyarakat masih seputar kewajiban zakat fitrah dan pemanfaatan wakaf untuk lahan sarana ibadah dan pendidikan serta masih sangat sedikit pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan zakat dan wakaf produktif.
Gerçekliğin Yitimi: Don't Look Up Filminde Siyasi Mizah
Authors: COŞKUN Aziz , KAYMAK Aydın
Published: August 2022

Post-truth, hakikatin halk kitlelerine kişisel duygular ya da çeşitli çıkar ilişkileri sonucunda gerçek dışı olarak aktarılmasıdır. Türkçeye hakikat sonrası olarak çevrilen kavram, kitlelerin hakikati/gerçeği aramak yerine hazır bulduğu ham bilgiyi sorgulamaksızın kabul ettiklerine vurgu yapmaktadır. Siyaset ile yakından ilişkili olan post-truth, yanlış bilginin yeni medya ortamlarında hızlıca bireylere ulaşabilmesiyle daha da dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Bu durum, büyük halk kitlelerinin oluşan bilgi kirliliği ortamında; doğruyu, hakikati, gerçeği bulmasını zorlaştırmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gerçekliğin Don’t Look Up filmi özelinde nasıl manipüle edildiğinin incelenmesidir. Siyasi mizah bağlamında adı geçen filmde başkanlık algısının nasıl yaratıldığını ortaya koymak, elde edilen verilerden hareketle ne tür mesajların verildiğini tespit etmek de amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın önemi, adı geçen filmin hem vizyona yeni girmiş olması hem de literatürde ele alınan konuya benzer bir çalışmaya rastlanmamış olmasıdır. Film, Roland Barthes’in düz anlam, yan anlam kavramları esas alınarak gösterge bilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; filmde mizah bağlamında, temel olarak siyasi ve bireysel çıkarcılık, vurdumduymazlık, bilim adamlarına ve bilimsel bulgulara yönelik karşıtlık, gerçeğin çarpıtılması şeklindeki olgulara sıklıkla vurgu yapıldığı görülmüştür.
The Use of Language Function in Maybelline New York Cosmetic Advertisements
Authors: Septiana Ayu Kartika
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the use of language function in Maybelline New York Cosmetic advertisements. The theory which was applied inanalysing the data and used as the main theory is taken from the book proposed by Roman Jakobson entitled The Framework of Language published in 1980. The data were taken from the advertisements of Maybelline New York Cosmeticaround 2015 until 2019 which was downloaded from YouTube. The analyse method that is used in this paper is descriptive qualitative method. Based on the result of the analysis, there are five from six kinds of language function found in Maybelline New York cosmetic advertisements, they are referential, emotive, conative, phatic, and poetic function but there’s no metalingual function.
EMPATHY TRAINING AS A MEANS OF PREVENTING BULLYING IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS: ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: Ola George Tayo , Adetunde Christiana , Agboola Oluwamumibori Victoria
Published: August 2022

Bullying is a maladaptive behaviour that children and adolescents face daily in schools all around the world. It is prevalent in today's schools and is commonly found in secondary schools. It is a complicated social problem that can have serious negative implications for both bullies and victims, especially when the victim is physically or psychologically harmed. The study, therefore, examines empathy training among students to prevent bullying behaviour in selected secondary schools in Alimosho local government area of Lagos state. A survey method was utilized using the structured questionnaire as an instrument of data collection. Utilizing a simple random sampling, three hundred and seventy-six copies of the questionnaire were administered to students in the four secondary schools. However, three hundred and thirty were retrieved which were used for the analysis. Quantitative data were tested using Quantitative data was analysed utilizing the descriptive statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23. A descriptive analysis was used with the use of frequency counts and percentages for the analysis of the data. Findings of the study shows that many victims of bullying get involved in substance abuse and lose interest in schooling. Therefore, empathy training and encouraging victims to make timely reports on incidences of bullying are crucial to mitigating bullying and its consequences in secondary schools in Lags State. Keywords: Bullying, Empathy training, prevention of bullying, Secondary schools
Challenges of Early Modern Diplomacy
Authors: Jonas Bechtold
Published: August 2022

A Diet was an assembly of the Estates of the Holy Roman Empire, summoned by the Emperor to deliberate on political and judicial matters. As a multilateral forum of deliberation and communication within the Holy Roman Empire, Emperors, and Estates, Diets also attracted the attention of foreign princes, who thus sent their envoys to these Estate assemblies. Because of the variety and quantity of these foreign envoys, Diets developed into specific multilateral spaces of early modern diplomacy. The formal exclusion of the envoys from the Diets’ negotiations and meetings built up challenges and required strategies of “diplomatic” communication beyond the formal process. By comparing two envoys sent by Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603), Christopher Mundt (1559/1566) and George Gilpin (1582), this paper shows what impact dispositive factors, such as expertise or confessional inclination, could have on an envoy’s status, his recognition by hostile and allied partners, and his assertiveness at a Diet. Furthermore, these factors mainly influenced and drove cooperation and conflict between England and the Habsburg Emperors and the Imperial Estates, and socontribute to further understanding ‘diplomatic relations’ in the 16th century.
Baroque “Spin-Doctoring”: The Manipulative Use of Caprara’s Reports from Constantinople in 1682
Authors: Höbelt Lothar
Published: August 2022

Before the Second Siege of Vienna in 1683, there was a famous tug-of-war between “Easterners” and “Westerners” at Leopold I’s court. At that time, the Habsburg monarchy did not yet boast a “Foreign Office”. The institution in charge of relations with the Ottoman Empire was the Aulic War Council. Its president, Margrave Hermann von Baden, was the leading “Westerner”, and clearly thought that Louis XIV posed a greater menace to the monarchy than the Ottomans did. That is why, when the ambassador extraordinary to Constantinople, Conte Alberto Caprara, started sending alarmist reports in the summer of 1682, Baden manipulated them in a rather breathtaking fashion, almost turning their meaning on its head. The episode poses a fascinating question about the nature of “absolutism”: Was Baden’s “spin doctoring” designed to delude the Emperor himself – or was it part of a complex game enacted with Leopold’s approval?
An Informal Approach to Interest-based Negotiations – Paul Anton Esterhazy and the “Cottage Coterie”
Authors: Schrek Katalin
Published: August 2022

Paul Anton Esterhazy was a prominent figure of the Hungarian aristocracy and a leading AustroHungarian politician, as well as a highly qualified and internationally recognised diplomat, with an extensive network of personal relations within the British elite. Esterhazy was an ambassador of Austria to London from 1815 to 1842 and represented the interests of the Central European state. In the mid-1820s he was a member of the so-called “Cottage Coterie”, a group created by King George IV and inspired by the aim of counterbalancing the political influence of the new secretary of the Foreign Office, George Canning. The meetings of the group were political and social events as well. Esterhazy was connected with close (family and political) ties to George IV, and thus he was a well trusted person in the royal court. My paper focuses on the activity and role of Esterhazy within the Cottage Coterie.
Masks, Mosques and Lockdowns: Islamic Organisations Navigating the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany
Authors: Emmerich Arndt
Published: August 2022

The article investigates COVID-19 related responses by Islamic associations and local mosques based on fieldwork in the German state of Lower Saxony. The inquiry focuses on the time prior to the first lockdown, during mosque closures, and around the opening phase, covering the months between February 2020 and November 2020. Drawing on organisational sociology, Islamic studies, and research on pandemics, the article contributes to the debate on the contested nature of Islamic representation and the institutionalisation of Islam in Germany by analysing internal and relational dynamics, different and converging strategies, external challenges, and cooperation by Islamic authorities during the first COVID-19 wave. By taking into account Germany’s multilevel political system including the national, state, and municipal level as well as transnational dimensions, the analysis integrates external expectations on Islamic organisations and local mosques and internal discussions within these institutions to relate their responses and navigation to the contested representations of Islamic organisations in public discourse as well as to the current debate on Islam in Germany.
НА РАСКРШЋУ ИЗМЕЂУ ТРАДИЦИОНАЛНЕ И САВРЕМЕНЕ НАСТАВЕ
Authors: Живковић Милица
Published: August 2022

The paper presents good examples of practice that imply syncretism of modern and traditional methods. The focus of the paper is on the analysis of the realization of the outcomes of modern teaching applied in Serbian language and literature along with the definitions of the following terms: modern, modernteaching, modern teacher and modern student.
АЛЕКСИНАЧКА ПОДРУЖИНА И ЖЕНСКА ЗАНАТСКА ШКОЛА У АЛЕКСИНЦУ У МЕЂУРАТНОМ ПЕРИОДУ (1918–1941)
Authors: Ђурђевић Светлана
Published: August 2022

At the end of the First World War, the Aleksinac branch and the Women’s Craft School continued their work. Bin accordance with the law from 1922, the Women’s Craft School in Aleksinac became semi-state, so that it had a craft school at lower and extended levels. The school principals were mostly administrative members of the branch. In such schools, the Ministry of Trade and Industry appointed permanent and part-time staff, financed part of the needs and activities of the schools and monitored their work, but the main support of the school stemmed from the branch itself. The significance of this school for the town of Aleksinac was great, which was understood by the residents themselves. Almost all the female children who lived in the town itself attended this school. The Aleksinac family played a significant role in the educational, cultural, charitable and social life of Aleksinac in the first half of the 20th century. It marked the engagement of the residents of Aleksinac and their inclusion in public life. The members included women’s youth in numerous activities, thus developing their social spirit; in this way, the family achieved many valuable results. The most important of all is that they worked exclusively for women in the way of raising awareness of their important role in the progress of Serbian society.
Teacher's Emotional Intelligence, Class Management, and School Organizational Climate, on Interaction Behavior among Teachers and Students
Authors: Listiyawati Listiyawati , Sari Eliana , Hanafi Ivan
Published: August 2022

The problems of classroom interaction among teachers and students arise in conditions of academic demands that assume the practice of teachers' social competence in class. This paper aims to study the effect of teachers' emotional intelligence, classroom management, and school organization climate on interaction behavior among teachers and students in SPK High School. A survey method with path analysis was applied to test the hypothesis and conduct interviews among 105 teachers and students by proportional random sampling technique. Upon this research, the conclusion is obtained. (1) A teacher's emotional intelligence, class management, and school organization climate positively affect teacher and student interaction behavior. (2) A teacher's emotional intelligence has a positive direct effect on school organization climate. Class management has a positive direct effect on the school organization climate. (3) A teacher's emotional intelligence has a positive direct effect on class management. (4) A teacher's emotional intelligence positively affects teacher and student interaction behavior through the school organization climate. (5) Class management positively impacts teacher and student interaction behavior through the school organization climate. The conclusion is that the teacher and student interaction behavior is affected by the teacher's emotional intelligence, class management, and school organization climate
Modelación numérica de un experimento de drenaje agrícola subterráneo
Authors: Trejo Manuel Zavala , Rojas Heber Saucedo
Published: August 2022

Se realizó un estudio sobre las transferencias de masa y energía que se desarrollan en una parcela agrícola que cuenta con un sistema de drenaje subterráneo. La parcela que se analiza está afectada por manto freático somero y salinidad y forma parte del módulo VII-1 Juncos del distrito de riego 075, Río Fuerte Sinaloa. Se ha planteado un modelo mecanicista de simulación para describir la dinámica del agua en este tipo de parcelas, que se basa en la ecuación de Boussinesq unidimensional de los acuíferos libres con coeficiente de almacenamiento variable sujeta en los drenes a condiciones de frontera de radiación fractal. Considerando la información experimental se aplicó el modelo de simulación y se realizó la caracterización hidráulica de la parcela. Este proceso es la base para, en una siguiente etapa, programar la operación hidráulica de la parcela con el modelo de simulación.
Evaluación de la Intervención Instruccional-Emotiva PIELE adaptada de Hernández y García a través de la medición de autoestima aplicada a los alumnos de la Escuela Primaria Lic. Benito Juárez de Santo Domingo Ingenio, Oaxaca
Authors: Tarin Jesus Eduardo Leon , Martinez Gladis Villalobos
Published: August 2022

Se adaptó, implementó y evaluó una intervención instruccional emotiva del Programa Instruccional para la Educación y Liberación Emocional PIELE adaptada de Hernández y García (1992) a través de la medición de autoestima (Miranda et. al. 2011) aplicada a los alumnos de la Escuela Primaria Lic. Benito Juárez de Santo Domingo Ingenio, Oaxaca, caracterizados por sus bajos niveles en los dos componentes principales en que se disoció la autoestima manifestada en el diagnóstico. Los resultados muestran claramente un incremento significativo de la autoestima general, social y escolar en todos sus componentes en que la divide Miranda Esquer (2011), salvo la autoestima del hogar que no es incrementada por la intervención. Se recomienda escalar esta intervención con un grupo de maestros, sus respectivos alumnos y padres para medir el efecto a lo largo de un año escolar.
Barriers to telepsychiatry in the geriatric Asian American population during COVID-19
Authors: Wang Jami , Kato Brian , Agustines Davin A.
Published: August 2022

Due to the increase in anti-Asian discrimination during COVID-19, there has been a decline in mental health in the Asian community, particularly in the geriatric population.  Although the current literature tends to focus on the underutilization of telemedicine in the Asian American population due to cultural barriers, our research found that the barrier to access heavily contributed to this inequity. In this study, we discuss the limited language options for the geriatric Asian American population on a few large telepsychiatry platforms, including “Teladoc and BetterHelp”, during COVID-19.
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Early Detection Software for Diabetes Retinopathy
Authors: Waleed Roua , Waleed Aseel
Published: August 2022

It has been claimed that technology utilized in laboratories does not directly translate to healthcare. Over the last few years, research into the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) has exploded, but little of that information has been translated into practice to aid people in need.One argument is that it is a new area with untested technologies that is changing far too quickly. Furthermore, the Real Healthcare situation can be extremely difficult, posing several challenges ranging from rigorous restrictions to population heterogeneity. A workable solution must meet all of these issues, including ethics, standards, and any security risks. It's also worth noting that existing AI is limited to a few restricted applications and may struggle to grow when faced with problems of varying complexity. A patient with DR, for example, may have other health issues such as glaucoma or cataracts. DR has been a primary cause of blindness for millions of people around the world, and because it is difficult to diagnose when it is treatable, early eye screening is the cure. In this study, we aim to combine Artificial Intelligence with other technologies to provide a low-cost Diabetic Retinopathy diagnosis while also attempting to overcome existing barriers to widespread eye screening adoption
Exploring What Determines Value For The Ocean
Authors: Joshi Sabhyata , Kapoor Srishti
Published: August 2022

Housing 15% of the world's species, regulating climate, and providing half of human oxygen, the ocean is quite literally mankind’s lifeline. Unfortunately, this lifeline is dying. It is predicted that by 2050, over 1 million of the ocean’s species will be lost to plastic, which makes up a greater percent of the ocean than fish. Hong Kong’s flourishing marine trade and abundant use of plastic makes it especially susceptible to this threat. The problem, of course, is not limited to this. Brain biases prevent humans from assessing the dangers of the long term threat, and along with echo chambers they serve to spread these limiting views. To address the issue, this study aims to assess what factors generate value (internalized care) for the ocean and consequently lead to action in a largely young adult population. In the study, 81 participants were presented with a 15 question survey about their experience with the ocean and results were analyzed using qualitative analysis. It was found that the two major value generation factors were proximity to the ocean and experiencing life below water. The findings pose implications in supporting the increase of workplace and school efforts to augment proximity to the ocean as well as of advocacy missions which bring the ocean and its threats to the individual, allowing them to experience the underworld without restriction.
The Willing of Humans to Settle on Mars, and the Factors that Affect it
Authors: Aggarwal Savyan , Rathore Himani
Published: August 2022

The willingness of humans to go to Mars is one of the most important facets of a successful human colony on Martian soil and is also arguably the most neglected since even if all the technological and logistical issues of the mission were to be perfected, it would be meaningless if no one were willing to go to Mars. The aim of this study is to study people’s willingness to go to Mars, and the factors that affect it most, both positively and negatively. A pre-post study design with a survey was used for the primary data collection and analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively to derive conclusions from a total sample of 93 respondents. The results showed that the factors that most affected humans’ willingness to settle on Mars were the advancement of research and innovation and the impacts on their body as a result of radiation and microgravity, closely followed by quality of life. The findings of this research study can be utilised by firms or even states in the future to determine how to promote their Mars missions, even if they do not involve settlements.
Pendidikan Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Strategi, Adaptasi dan Transformasi
Authors: Shofan Moh.
Published: August 2022

Artikel-artikel dalam jurnal ini mencoba untuk melihat fenomena wajah pendidikan yang berubah drastis akibat pandemi covid-19. Selama ini guru lebih cenderung mengajar dengan bertatap muka, baik di kelas maupun di luar ruang kelas. Hal lain yang perlu diperhatikan adalah bahwa sangat tidak mungkin institusi pendidikan bisa menciptakan karakter siswanya jika pembelajaran tidak dengan bertatap muka. Tentu, banyak kendala yang dihadapi guru dan siswa yang muncul dalam pembelajaran metode daring yang tidak bisa dihindari. Sebagaimana dijelaskan di atas, banyak satuan pendidikan yang terkendala dengan koneksi jaringan internet yang tidak ada.
Kecskemét, mint Eurázsia „kapuja” – az új eurázsiai kapuvárosok kialakulásának elmélete : Kecskemét lehetőségei
Authors: Bernek Ágnes
Published: August 2022

Milyen helyzete van, illetve milyen helyzete lehetne Kecskemétnek a most formálódó eurázsiai kontinensen. Lesz-e Kecskemét a közeljövőben Eurázsia kapuvárosa? A tanulmány először a kapuváros és a kaputérség fogalmait elméletileg értelmezi, majd a kínai „Egy Övezet Egy Út” program tengeri és szárazföldi infrastrukturális útvonalait elemzi, s ezek mentén pozícionálja újra Kecskemét közlekedésföldrajzi helyzetét. A tanulmány fő javaslata az, hogy Kecskemét új eurázsiai kapuvárosi szerepkörének kialakításakor először pontosan meg kell határozni azt, hogy a városnak milyen egyedi, speciális szerepköre lehetne a jelenleg formálódó eurázsiai erőtérben.
Kecskeméti vállalkozások a belső városgyűrűben
Authors: Korompai Attila
Published: August 2022

Kecskemét a magyar településrendszer belső városgyűrűjének kiemelkedő súlypontja mind a lakónépesség, mind a vállalkozások száma és teljesítőképessége alapján. Ezt igazolják a belső városgyűrű megyeszékhelyeivel történő összehasonlító arányszámok, melyek a vállalkozások 1992 és 2020 közötti adataira épülnek. A rendszerváltást követő visszaesés és stagnálás után 2010 óta a város gazdaságszerkezetének megújulása viszonylag dinamikus növekedést eredményez, ami több területi szinten megváltoztatja a város súlyát, szerepét. Ezek az előzetes kutatási eredmények indokolják a hatótényezők és következmények további feltárását.
Kecskemét versenypozíciói a globális és az európai gazdasági térben : Kérdések és gondolat vázlatok
Authors: Forman Balázs
Published: August 2022

Kecskemét Magyarország egyik legjobb helyzetben lévő, legerősebb gazdasági potenciállal rendelkező városa. Kecskemét gazdaságának legerősebb szereplője ma a DaimlerBenz csoporthoz tartozó Mercedes autógyár és a hozzá kapcsolódó autóalkatrész gyártó beszállítók. A jövő itt van, és Kecskeméten már megkezdődött az elektromos autók gyártása is. Kecskemét ezzel együtt egy sokoldalú gazdasággal, élelmiszeriparral, építőiparral, szolgáltatásokkal rendelkező, lakosságát növelni képes magyar nagyváros. Gazdasága négy csoportra osztható. Az első csoportba tartoznak a globális piacra termelő autógyártás és a hozzá kapcsolódó beszállítók 90%-ot meghaladó export értékesítési aránnyal. A második csoportba tartoznak a nemzetközi piacokon is versenyképes, de nagy részben a hazai piacra termelő élelmiszeripari cégek 50-70% közötti export értékesítési hányaddal. A harmadik csoportba a hazai piacra termelő és szolgáltató nagyvállalatok tartoznak, jellemzően 10% körüli vagy az alatti export értékesítési hányaddal. A negyedik csoportba a helyi piacra termelő és szolgáltató kisvállalkozások sokasága tartozik.
Az influencer marketing növekvő szerepe a városmárkázásban : Inspiráló nemzetközi példák Kecskemét városának
Authors: Papp-Váry Árpád Ferenc
Published: August 2022

Az influencer marketing az elmúlt évek egyik marketing „hot topic”-ja lett, külföldön és itthon egyaránt. Nem véletlen, hogy a turizmusmarketingben, illetve a városmarketingben is egyre gyakrabban élnek ezzel az eszközzel. Jelen cikk bemutatja a terület hátterét, majd javaslatokat tesz Kecskemét városa számára a konkrét esetek, nemzetközi jó gyakorlatok alapján.