bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL ROLE OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 60, 70, AND 90 IN THE AGING AMONG POPULATION OF PUNJAB-PAKISTAN
Authors: RIAZ A , NOREEN B , QAISER A , BILAL N , ANWAR MZ , HADI F , MAQBOOL T , INAMULLAH . , SHAKOORI TA , MUSTAFA I , KHURSHID S
Published: April 2023

Aging can be characterized as the collision of cellular and organ-destructive processes over the years with actions that maintain homeostasis, vitality, and longevity. The current study was based on an assessment of various indicators of stress, Heat shock proteins and antioxidants in elderly subjects to identifying their significance in ageing. It was aimed to increase the heat shock proteins, decreased antioxidants and vitamins responsible for ageing. A total of 100 individuals were recruited in the current study consisting of 50 young control and 50 older people. The significance of HSPs (60, 70, 90) and oxidative and antioxidant markers, were analyzed through laboratory tests and ELIZA kits using serum samples. The results were evaluated through an independent t-test in SPSS version 16. Elder group showed a significantly higher level of HSP-60, HSP-70, and HSP-90 than the control group. According to study results, the anti-oxidant profile, which includes SOD, CAT, and GSH, exhibited a dramatically declining trend in the aged population. MDA and NO, which are indicators of oxidative stress, were also higher in the elderly population than in the young. The study also showed that the elderly had lower vitamin A, C, D, and E levels than the young. The results reflect the increased level of inflammatory markers specifically heat shock proteins in old people compared to healthy control. It is indication that increased level of heat shock proteins are responsible for aging. It can be cured by limiting the heat shock proteins.
EFFICACY OF ORAL PREDNISOLONE IN MANAGEMENT OF BRONCHIOLITIS: A PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY
Authors: TAJ F , BATOOL M , KHIZER M
Published: April 2023

Acute bronchiolitis is a common and deadly condition in infants described as a respiratory infection due to inflammatory obstruction of bronchioles. This study was designed to assess prednisolone's efficacy in treating bronchiolitis in children aged >2 years.

A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of peadiatrics in different hospitals from February 2022- February 2023. A total of 80 children aged > 2 years with acute bronchiolitis were included in the study. The patients were divided into groups A and B. Group A (n=40) was administered salbutamol combined with prednisolone, and Group B (n=40) was administered salbutamol alone. The outcomes of both treatments were evaluated.

The average age in group A and B was 6.9± 4.5 months and 5.5 ± 3.9 months, respectively. 65 patients (81.2%) belonged to middle-class families, and 20 (25%) came from crowded households. 10 patients (12.5%) had a preterm delivery, and 12 (15%) had low birth weight. A significant difference was observed in Group A after 3 days of treatment (p <0.05), and a reduction in hospital stay was also noted (p<0.001) in contrast with Group B. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the prednisolone is an effective drug in the management of bronchiolitis by reducing hospital stay and disease severity in children > 2 years.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RADIAL VERSUS FEMORAL ACCESS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE
Authors: KHAN B , KHAN AT , MUHAMMAD A , SAWAR S , RAHMAN F , HASSAN MU
Published: April 2023

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a medical condition in which the blood vessels outside the heart and brain were affected. The study's main objective is to compare the effectiveness of radial versus femoral access for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in patients with peripheral arterial disease. The research article aimed to compare the effectiveness of radial and femoral access for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in patients with the peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The study was conducted in two hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan - Hayatabad Medical Complex and Lady Reading Hospital. The study duration was from January 2020 to December 2020. A total of 384 patients were enrolled in the study, with 192 randomly assigned to the radial access group and 192 to the femoral access group. The study found that RA was associated with a significantly lower risk of major bleeding and access site complications compared to FA. Specifically, the incidence of major bleeding was 1.56% in the radial access group and 5.73% in the femoral access group (p=0.02), and the incidence of access site complications was 2.6% in the radial access group, 8.3% in the femoral access group (p=0.01). In conclusion, our study suggests that radial access is a safe and effective alternative to femoral access for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Radial access is associated with lower rates of major bleeding and access site complications, particularly for diagnostic procedures, and may offer advantages such as faster patient ambulation and improved patient comfort.
How are California school districts planning for universal prekindergarten? Results from a 2022 survey
Authors: Leung-Gagné Melanie , Wang Victoria , Melnick Hanna , Mauerman Chris
Published: April 2023

In 2021, California committed to providing universal prekindergarten (UPK) for all 4-year-olds and income-eligible 3-year-olds by 2025–26. UPK includes several early learning programs, including transitional kindergarten (TK), the California State Preschool Program (CSPP), Head Start, and expanded learning opportunities to provide full-day early learning and care. TK is the only UPK program that is free and universally available as part of California’s public education system. Offered by local education agencies (LEAs), TK currently serves all 4-year-olds who turn 5 between September 2 and December 2 and will expand to all 4-year-olds by 2025–26. The legislature also made new investments in CSPP, a program for income-eligible 3- and 4-year-old children. Funding for CSPP is provided by the state through grants to both LEAs and community-based organizations. This report provides a snapshot of 1,108 LEAs’ initial plans for UPK expansion through the analysis of a survey administered by the California Department of Education in August 2022. Key findings provide insights into LEA plans for service delivery models, facilities and transportation, instruction and assessment, workforce development, school leader development, and technical assistance needs.
A System Dynamics Model to Enhance the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority's Approach to Reduce Unauthorized Drug Sales in West Sumatra Province
Authors: Gusrianto Putra , Sunitiyoso Yos
Published: April 2023

Indonesia has a high rate of violation of prescription drug sales by unauthorized facilities such as drug stores, retail stores, as well as by doctors and other health professionals. Based on Government Regulation No. 51 of 2009 on Pharmacy Profession, prescription drugs, psychotropics, and narcotics cannot be obtained freely. These drugs can only be obtained with a doctor's prescription and are administered by a pharmacist. Inappropriate prescription drug sales result in drug misuse and irrational use, reducing the quality of drug therapy, increasing morbidity and mortality, wasting resources, reducing drug availability, increasing costs, increasing the risk of side effects, and accelerating the emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance. Between 2018 and 2020, the number of criminal cases handled by the Indonesian FDA (BPOM) related to this issue increased from 8.94% to 14.48%, and the number of violations increased from 39.85% to 68.35% in the Province of West Sumatra. Prescription drug sales violations are complicated, as it involves many factors/variables and parties. This study intends to produce recommendations for reducing violations associated with the sale of prescription drug in West Sumatra Province. This study applied a system dynamic approach to analyze and simulate the variables affecting the sale of prescription drugs at unauthorized facilities. As a result, 31 factors were discovered and 10 scenarios were simulated, showing that the pharmacist's role has a significant impact on the system. Increased public perception and understanding, pharmacists’ and other health workers' responsibilities, and legal enforcement are variables that must be intervened to reduce these violations.
Sedentary Lifestyle Associated Hyperventilation Syndrome among Students of Karachi Quarantined Amidst COVID Out Break: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Nadeem Anika , Qazi Ramesha , Zafar Anum , Batool Sadia , Naseer Rizmi
Published: April 2023

Sedentary activity has been related to poor physical health outcomes in both adults and youth in previous studies. While there is growing evidence of a correlation between sedentary behavior and mental health outcomes, little is known about the risk of hyperventilation syndrome. Objective: To find out the prevalence of hyperventilation syndrome due to sedentary lifestyle among students of Karachi quarantined amidst COVID outbreak. Methods: A cross sectional online survey based questionnaire which included IPAQ (International physical activity questionnaire) to access sedentary behavior and Nijmegen questionnaire to rule out hyperventilation syndrome was used to collect data from 214 students from Karachi, Pakistan. Results: Out of the total 214 subjects, 128(59.5%) developed a sedentary behavior and 86(40%) were found non sedentary. These 128(59.5%) students were further assessed for hyperventilation out of which 114(53%) were found to be positive. Conclusions: The study concluded that 53% students of Karachi with sedentary lifestyle developed hyperventilation syndrome amidst COVID outbreak.
Role of plasma calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid ‎hormone in the prediction of vitamin D deficiency‎
Authors: Hashim Raid , Nathir Israa , Ghazy Esraa , Timimi Ihsan , Hameed Tiba , Ali Mayssam
Published: April 2023

Vitamin D deficiency is a highly prevalent medical condition associated with various clinical and biochemical outcomes although these outcomes might be absent in a significant percentage of patients. Altered serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase activity are expected but not proven by many research. The current study aims to investigate the possibility of these biomarkers to be used as indicators of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The study enrolled 150 randomly selected participants who have no acute or chronic medical condition with various levels of serum vitamin D ranging from normal to severely deficient. They were investigated for serum total calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase activity. The results were statistically compared among the studied groups and correlated with serum vitamin D levels. There was no significant difference in mean serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase activity among the groups with poor correlation with vitamin D. Mean serum parathyroid hormone has shown a significant difference among the studied groups with a strong negative correlation with vitamin D. This difference was apparent even in patients with vitamin D insufficiency. Serum calcium, PO4 and ALP activity seem to have a poor correlation with vitamin D concentration. In addition, serum PTH might be considered a sensitive marker of both vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency.
Determining the Effect of Preparation Period Trainings on the Physical Parameters of Tennis Players
Authors: uk Muzaffer
Published: April 2023

This research was carried out to determine the effects of tennis training applied during the preparation period on some physical parameters of the athletes. The research group consists of 24 male volunteer athletes licensed in the tennis branch. Athletes in the research group were trained for endurance and tennis, three days a week and 85 minutes a day for eight weeks. Height, body weight, leg strength, hand grip strength, vertical jump, speed, flexibility and agility values were measured for the research group at the beginning and end of the training. SPSS statistical package program was used in the analysis of the data. Significance was accepted as p>0.05. As a result of the research, tennis players; It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the leg strength, hand grip strength, vertical jump, flexibility, agility, ten and thirty meters values (p<0.05). As a result, it has been seen that regular and planned tennis and endurance trainings during the preparation period affect the physical parameters of the athletes positively. In this context, it is thought that if the trainings to be applied at early ages are designed considering the physical characteristics of the athletes, they will positively affect the performance of the athletes.
Herpes zoster subsequent to COVID-19 vaccination: A case series
Authors: Thukral Kudrat , Narang Ranchit , Mehrishi Priya , Singh Rajwinder , Gujrathi Ajinkya , Faujdar Sameer , Gupta Pratibha
Published: April 2023

It is now evident that COVID-19 not only affects respiratory system but is a multisystemic disease including skin where lesions have a wide spectrum of presentation. Even though the focus of attention has now changed to vaccines for achieving herd immunity to COVID-19, the detrimental effects of these vaccines must be highlighted because they have a bearing on their widespread acceptance. Moreover, the approved vaccines have not been studied thoroughly, thereby leaving lacunae in its literature. Immunomodulation brought on by the vaccine, particularly T-cell dysregulation that allowed the varicella-zoster virus to escape from the dorsal root ganglia, is likely to cause Herpes-Zoster infection in Covishield-vaccinated immunocompetent people. This study demonstrates such kind of an immunomodulation in two young immunocompetent individuals, which is a rare entity.
A clinico-dermoscopic study of melasma in men in a tertiary care center in North India
Authors: Puri Neerja , Gill Sukhpreet , Brar Balvinder
Published: April 2023

Background: Melasma comprises a major group in all dermatology clinics causing cosmetic disfigurement. Usually, it has a predilection for females but can affect both sexes. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive imaging modality that can help to visualize skin structures not visible to unaided eye.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine clinical as well as dermoscopic findings of melasma after evaluating them based on clinical examination and to correlate each clinical picture with dermoscopic findings.

Materials and Methods: Various male patients of melasma from January 2020 to June 2021 are enrolled from outpatient department. Detailed history is taken. Dermoscopic examination and photographic documentation of clinical as well as dermoscopic picture are done and findings are noted.

Results: We enrolled 50 patients in the study. Mean age of melasma in men in our study was 29.28 years. The most common precipitating factor was sun exposure (52%) followed by the use of mustard oil (34%) and over the counter creams 18%. Positive family history was reported in 25% of patients. 29 patients on clinical examination along with wood’s lamp showed epidermal pattern, 13 patients showed mixed pattern, and 8 patients had dermal pattern. On dermoscopy, melasma showed almost similar findings in epidermal, dermal, as well as mixed melasma-perifollicular sparing was seen in all patients, granular pattern in 42 patients, globular pattern in 48 patients, Blotches in 47 patients, telangiectasias in 30 patients, arcuate pattern in 32 patients, and annular in 12 patients.

Conclusion: The frequency of findings was similar in all three types except for arcuate and annular pattern which were more in dermal type of melasma.
Efecto de las sesiones demostrativas sobre cuidados en salud en madres con niños menores de dos años inscritas en el programa Juntos del puesto de salud Santa Ana, Huancavelica 2019
Authors: Reginaldo Huamaní Rafael , Tapia Camargo Marisol Susana , Carhuachuco Rojas Elsy Sara , Núñez Martínez Aldhair Paulino , Mancha Chahuayo Mabel
Published: April 2023

Objetivo determinar el efecto de las sesiones demostrativas sobre cuidados en salud en madres con niños menores de dos años inscritos en el programa juntos del puesto de salud santa Ana, Huancavelica 2019. Metodología, Nivel de investigación correlacional, la muestra estuvo conformada por 20 madres de niños menores de 2 años, diseño preexperimental, transversal correlacional Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron: un cuestionario y guía de observación antes y después de las sesiones demostrativas que fueron en total 6 sesiones, Resultados. Antes de la capacitación el 75% (15) madres presentaron una baja percepción del cuidado y después de la capacitación el 100,0% alcanzaron buenas prácticas sobre el cuidado del menor de 2 años; así mismo sus características sociodemográficas indicaron que el 50.0% (10) madres pertenecen a la etapa de vida joven, asimismo son de estado civil conviviente, el 40.0% (8) de madres tienen grado de instrucción de primaria, el 70.0% (14) de madres tuvieron un conocimiento adecuado y el 30% (6) un conocimiento en proceso, con estos resultados se puede evidenciar que existe una influencia positiva de asimilación de los cuidados en salud en madres de niños menores de 2 años. Conclusión: Existe la influencia de las sesiones demostrativas en el conocimiento sobre cuidado en salud en madres de niños menores de dos años, con un p value de 0.000.
Alkalmas-e az előválasztási rendszer a megfelelő elnökjelölt kiválasztására?
Authors: Yaro Patrice
Published: April 2023

Az USA-ban működő előválasztási rendszer az elmúlt években egyre több kritikát kapott. Donald Trump 2016-os elnökké választása felerősítette a kétségeket, hogy széles választói rétegek bevonásával a pártok képesek-e kompetens politikusokat jelölni. A jelenleg ismert előválasztási rendszer előtt – mint ahogy más országokban, az USA-ban bennfentesek döntötték el kit indítsanak a pártok az elnökválasztáson. Az 1970-es évekre a két párt demokratizálta a jelöltállítási rendszerét. Ez a tanulmány azt mutatja be, hogy az előválasztási rendszer lényegében nem változtatta meg, hogy a pártok milyen hátterű és képességű politikusokat jelölnek elnöknek. Továbbá kitér arra, hogy a párt bennfentesek formális szerepe ugyan jelentősen csökkent, de továbbra is képesek befolyásolni az előválasztási folyamatot.
Analisis Pemicu Ketegangan Antara Kaum Mutafaqqih Terhadap Kaum Sufi Tentang Fiqih Dan Agama
Authors: Hosen Hosen
Published: April 2023

One of the problems that occur in Islamic civilization is the conflict and debate among Muslims. This is because there is a difference in perception between the Sufis whose views are spiritual in nature and the mutafaqqih who are external in nature. However, the difference in principle between the two mutafaqqih and the Sufis is only at an empirical level. Due to the fact that fiqh is symbolic, legalistic, exoteric and formalistic in nature so that it tends to see an action from conditions and pillars, legal and illegal. This research will only examine the differences in the views of the mutafaqqih towards the Sufis in matters of jurisprudence and religion from a historical perspective. This research concludes that among the reasons for the disagreement between the Sufis and the mutafaqqih regarding fiqh and religion is the existence of a disagreement between the two. The difference is in the outer and inner aspects, if the mutafaqqih focus on practicing the shari'ah, while the Sufis focus on the inner side so that they continue to remember Allah SWT and feel pleasure with him. Since the beginning of history, Sufism has not tolerated Sufis and their teachings. The mutafaqqih accuse the Sufis of rejecting formal worship or ritual aspects of Islam, while the mutafaqqih accuse the Sufis of only dealing with inner development, so they are accused of ignoring the outward laws of the Shari'a.

Keywords: Mutafaqqih, Sufi, Fiqh, Religion
KONSEPSI HADIS MUKHTALIF DAN METODE PENYELESAIANNYA DI KALANGAN ULAMA FIQH
Authors: Amil Hikam Assaaf Muhammad , Putri Kurnia Febriyanti Putri Kurnia
Published: April 2023

This article contains the concept of mukhtalif hadith and its method of completion among fiqh scholars. Among the sunnah that is quite difficult to understand is the sunnah or hadith that are contradictory or mukhtalif. For ordinary people who do not have the power of faith will have negative thoughts and maybe accusations against the sunnah of the prophet Muhammad SAW. Therefore, the scholars of hadith do not remain silent on these accusations. Likewise Fiqh Ulama, the approach of Fiqh Ulama in completing collaborative hadiths is no different from what is done by Hadith Ulama. However, the scholars of hadith generally refer to the aspects of the hadith of the Prophet as role models. While the scholars of fiqh are more important in the interests of the law. In addition, hadith scholars are more likely to understand the Prophet's hadith textually, while fiqh scholars tend to understand contextually in order to take the legal basis.
المسئولية الجنائية عن انتهاك الخصوصية المعلوماتية عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي
Authors: سامي عرابي سامح
Published: April 2023

أتاحت شبكة الإنترنت إنشاء مجموعة من المواقع الإلكترونية المخصصة للتفاعل والتبادل الاجتماعي عرفت بوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، وكان الهدف منها تبسيط عملية التواصل بين روادها دون تكلفة مادية، ومن ثم مساعدتهم علي تبادل المعارف والأفكار والآراء للانفتاح علي مختلف الثقافات العالمية.
 بيد أنه ظهرت أفعالاً في أروقة هذه البيئات الرقمية شكلت انتهاكاً لخصوصية رواد مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي، مما استدعي تدخل المشرع الجنائي في مصر وفرنسا لتقرير المسئولية عن هذه الانتهاكات، والتي تنوعت بحسب الدور الذي يشغله الكيان المعتدي، فقد يضطلع بدور المتحكم في البيانات الشخصية، أو المعالج لها، أو حائزها.
وقد تمثلت إشكالية هذه الدراسة في اتساع نطاق المسئولية الجنائية عن انتهاك الخصوصية المعلوماتية لرواد مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي، وهدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد نطاق مسئولية مشغلو وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي عن انتهاك الخصوصية المعلوماتية لروادها.
وقد حرصت الدراسة على تتبع خطى قانون حماية البيانات الشخصية المصري وأيضًا قانون مكافحة جرائم تقنية المعلومات رقم 175 لسنة 2018، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج القانوني المقارن، من خلال دراسة الوضع في النظام القانوني الفرنسي، بهدف بيان أوجه الاختلاف والتباين بين هذا النظام والنظام القانوني المصري. 
وفي سبيل تحقيق الدراسة لأهدافها تناولت، في المطلب الأول، ماهية الخصوصية المعلوماتية عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي. وخصصت المطلب الثاني لبيان نطاق المسئولية الجنائية الناشئة عن انتهاك الخصوصية المعلوماتية عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Protection of Personal Data
Authors: Eissa Heidi
Published: April 2023

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) has caused tremendous amount of challenges all over the world in various areas, particularly the legal area. One of the prominent areas affected by COVID-19 is the protection of personal data of international travelers upon violation of national quarantine laws.
This paper will discuss, through a real-life example, the extent of protection of personal data of international travelers. It will also explain the legal relations between an international traveler and the country in which the violation takes place. Moreover, the paper will compare the stances of three states in terms of protection of personal data of travelers. It will also shed some light on the issue of conflict of laws.
Finally, the paper will tackle the scope of national quarantine laws, the law applicable to international travelers violating these laws, and overriding mandatory rules.
The legal protection of Egyptian antiquities in light of digital transformation
Authors: Michail Marc
Published: April 2023

Historical and cultural heritage serve as a bridge between a country's history and present and serve to define its identity. Egypt therefore takes all necessary steps to safeguard its historical treasures and antiquities by passing laws that serve this objective. There are, however, gaps in each of these laws and regulation that preclude a strict and thorough protection of the Egyptian antiquities. Utilizing contemporary technology has made it easier to sell illicit Egyptian artefacts. Therefore, the Egyptian antiquities cannot get full protection under the laws in place at this time for their protection. As a result, these laws need to be amended to accommodate the digital revolution period. This study tries to examine and identify all difficulties and barriers that come into contact with the stipulations of existing Egyptian antiquities laws and regulations protecting Egyptian antiquities. It outlines the required changes that must be made to several Egyptian laws and regulations in order to keep up with the digital age while also protecting Egyptian national heritage to the fullest extent possible.
Формування маркетингової стратегії та шляхи її імплементації в систему управління аграрних підприємств
Authors: Багорка М. О. , Устік Т. В. , Юрченко Н. І.
Published: April 2023

В статті дослідженні особливості маркетингової стратегії, проведений аналіз факторів зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовища діяльності аграрних підприємств, здійснено обґрунтування необхідності її реалізації та запропоновані шляхи імплементації в систему управління аграрних підприємств. В статті представлені результати PEST і SWOT- аналізу основних факторів зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовища діяльності аграрних підприємств. Отримані результати підтверджують, що для досягнення успішного функціонування аграрних підприємств необхідно в практичній діяльності використовувати оптимальні маркетингові стратегії розвитку, які сприяють завоюванню нових позицій на ринку. За результатами даного дослідження, ми визначили ключові стратегічні напрями маркетингової стратегії, що дозволило сформувати комплексне бачення проблем аграрних підприємств та чітко визначити напрями їх розвитку на аграрному ринку. Рекомендуємо впровадження в діяльність аграрних підприємств маркетингову стратегію диференціації, яка буде включати диференціацію товарну, цінову, збутову та просування товарів та послуг. Головною умовою імплементації даної стратегії є кращі, а головне відмінні характеристики заходів ніж конкуренти. Сформовані пропозицій з удосконалення напрямів розвитку маркетингової стратегії на основі глибокого проникнення на ринок та кооперування агровиробників.
Тенденції розвитку сучасної кондитерської галузі України
Authors: Сорокіна А. М.
Published: April 2023

Дана стаття присвячується тенденціям розвитку сучасної кондитерської галузі України. Виділено основні етапи розвитку ринку кондитерської галузі України. Досліджено, що кількість виробників цього ринку коливається від 200 до 800 підприємств завдяки значної присутності малих виробників на прикладі кондитерських та булочних закладів, але основна діяльність цих підприємств не вважається виробництво кондитерських товарів. Хоча близько 40% ринку кондитерської галузі України займає виробництво шоколаду, какао та кондитерських виробів з цукру. Досліджуючи кондитерську галузь України, а саме якість вироблених товарів, можна стверджувати, що вона знаходиться на високому рівні. Виокремлено основних виробників кондитерського ринку України. Проведено аналіз та визначено, що близько 80% ринку кондитерської галузі займають основні виробники, тобто на ринку можна чітко спостерігати олігополію. Досліджено переваги конкурентів, що є основними у виробництві кондитерській галузі України. Окреслено ключові проблеми розвитку кондитерської промисловості України. Наразі спостерігається досить висока ймовірність використання кондитерських товарів замінників замість якісних. Виходячи з цього багато виробників у своїй діяльності використовують замінники у складі товару, задля збереження ціни та якості. Виокремлено перспективні шляхи підвищення ефективності функціонування підприємств в кондитерській галузі. В результаті проведеного дослідження визначено, що широкий асортимент виробів, вітчизняний та зарубіжний ринок збуту, кваліфікований персонал та місце на ринку, а саме репутація, є головними перевагами серед виробників кондитерської галузі України.
Особливості забезпечення економічної спроможності територіальних громад України в умовах воєнного стану
Authors: Струк Н. П.
Published: April 2023

Досліджено теоретико-прикладні засади функціонування територіальних громад в Україні. Уточнено сутнісну характеристику та зміст поняття “економічна спроможність територіальної громади”, визначено її складові. Конкретизовано особливості забезпечення бюджетної спроможності територіальних громад в умовах воєнного стану. Проаналізовано особливості посилення бюджетної спроможності окремих територіальних громад України у 2022 році. Використано для аналізу економіко-статистичні показники топ-10 громад із найбільшим приростами доходів загального фонду бюджету. Проаналізовано структуру бюджетів громад за доходами. Визначено податки, які складають найбільшу питому вагу у податкових надходженнях до бюджету аналізованих громад. Досліджено структуру надходжень від податку на доходи фізичних осіб.  Зроблено висновок, що воєнний стан в Україні вплинув на величину податкових надходжень та ділову активність громади. Перспективи подальшого дослідження полягають у комплексному дослідженні усіх складових економічної спроможності територіальних громад, що дозволить більш ефективно виявляти причини економічної неспроможності окремих громад та створювати можливості та умови підвищення їх спроможності.
COST EFFICIENT AND AFFORDABLE HOUSING
Authors: Joshil J Anton
Published: April 2023

Housing in India remains a great challenge even after 75 ears of independence. There are various reasons for this. People building their houses are following the same trabeated system and that too in concrete throughout the country which has several variations in landform, climate and culture. This paper aims to deliver few techniques that are worthy to employ in construction, making the houses cost efficient. Key Words: Affordable, building, construction, cost efficient, housing.
RESEARCH ON APPLICATION OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS SOFTWARE
Authors: Madan M
Published: April 2023

Computer graphics software has become an integral part of the digital age, transforming the way we create and interact with visual media. The software allows users to create stunning visual content that can be used in a variety of industries. One such industry is the film industry, where computer graphics software is extensively used to create realistic visual effects and animations that are immersive and visually appealing to audiences. The gaming industry is another industry where computer graphics software plays a crucial role. Game developers use computer graphics software to create 3D models, animations, and environments for video games. The development of game engines such as Unity and Unreal Engine has led to the creation of visually stunning games that have revolutionized the gaming industry. Advertising and marketing are other industries that have significantly benefitted from computer graphics software. Digital advertisements, product designs, and marketing campaigns can be created with ease, making them more visually appealing and engaging to potential customers. The software allows advertisers to create unique and compelling content that stands out from their competitors. The architecture and engineering industries also rely heavily on computer graphics software to create 3D models of buildings and structures. The software allows designers to create accurate and realistic designs that can be used for presentations and proposals. It has become an essential tool in the architecture and engineering industries, enabling designers to visualize their ideas and present them to clients with more clarity. Advancements in computer graphics software have made it easier for users to create stunning visual content. The development of new tools and techniques has improved the user experience and enhanced the quality of graphics. For instance, machine learning algorithms have been integrated into the software, enabling users to create more realistic images and animations. The future of computer graphics software is bright, with new technologies and innovations constantly being developed. The development of augmented and virtual reality has revolutionized the way we experience visual content, and software developers are working on tools and techniques to create even more immersive experiences for users. With the continuous development of technology, we can only expect to see even more exciting developments in the world of computer graphics software.
COMPARARITIVE STUDY OF CAB AGGREGATORS
Authors: Journal ISJEM
Published: April 2023

In the research paper we have covered various aspects related to car Aggregators. Our main objects were to analyse and understand the various aspects that are consider by the car Aggregators in the course of enhancing the quality of the service they provide and that of the customers that opt for the cabs. Along with this a comparative study is conducted between Ola and Uber to understand the level of competition they possess. Car Aggregators is one of the growing markets where there are two major players - Ola and Uber. We conducted the research in order to understand the level of competition and conduct a comparative study. Keywords - Car, aggregator, pricing, comparative, market, study, cab, available.
STARTUPS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS THE GROWTH OF INDIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Kukreja Megha , Makhija Dr. Priya
Published: April 2023

With an estimated 26,000 startups, India is the third largest startup ecosystem in the world and has seen consolidated inflows of over $36 billion in the last three years, with 26 "unicorns" - startups valued at over $1 billion. The paper is intended to present an analysis of new theories regarding the startups and their contribution to the growth of the Indian economy and to promote new concepts. For ages, different startups have been a subject of much debate and deliberation and how it’s contribution towards the growth of the Indian economy evoked different responses from followers. This section centers on the main startup, The Hammerlock company with significant styles free enterprise, value-based and ground-breaking ideas, and their relationship to achieve the initiative results (additional work, viability, and fulfilment). We at hammerlock bring tomorrow's technology into your hands by providing you with infrared heat-resistant glassware, made of highly durable materials. Providing customer convenience while delivering a flexible style to the product, this unique container helps determine the temperature of the on-screen, integrated products (or in the app available to both Android and iOS users) while providing incredible durability with aesthetic and style. In recent years, due to factors such as massive funding, consolidation activities, evolving technologies, and a burgeoning domestic market, the Indian startup ecosystem has taken off and become a real success. Figures suggest that the number of startups will increase from 3,100 in 2014 to more than 11,500 in 2020 - this is certainly not a passing trend. It's a revolution. And it'll change the way markets work in India today. The complexity of managing the diversity of thought, process and people in India is well known. Startup Indians' plan is to thrive in an ocean of change in mindset and thinking. It gives momentum to the wings of the unstoppable Indian. The world is struggling to avoid another meltdown.
District Cooling – assessment of price models supporting the efficiency
Authors: Jangsten Maria , Lindholm Torbjörn , Dalenbäck Jan-Olof
Published: April 2023

The global cooling demand in buildings is expected to threefold by the year 2050. Compared to individual building cooling equipment, district cooling is a more energy efficient technology to supply this increased cooling demand. However, many district cooling systems suffer from low return temperatures, which usually originate from the buildings’ systems and substations and cause increased operating costs for the district cooling company. Previous studies have identified the need to provide economic incentives to district cooling customers for them to improve the return temperatures from their substations and buildings. The aim of this study is therefore to assess district cooling price models which reward customers who achieve high return temperatures. The study is based on operational data from an actual district cooling system located in Gothenburg, Sweden and 26 of its connected buildings. The current price model of the district cooling system, comprising the three price components energy, power, and flow, was evaluated for the 26 buildings for the years 2018-2020. The results showed the shares of the current price model’s components ranged from 19-63% energy, 28-78% power and 3-21% flow for the different buildings, based on average values for the three analyzed years. This demonstrates the individual variations for the shares of each price component are very large, primarily dependent on the total energy use of the building. It was also seen buildings with a low cost share of the flow component not necessarily had high return temperatures. Based on the current price model assessment, some incentives to maintain well-functioning substations achieving high return temperatures are provided, although the incentives are rather low. Altered price models, for example adjusting the relative cost of the flow component or changing to a return temperature component, are compared with the current price model to find which one is more favorable for customers with high return temperatures. The outcome of this assessment provides district cooling companies with guidance on how to design their price models.
Measuring feet length: A psoriatic arthritis case study
Authors: Polastri Massimiliano , Cantagalli Stefano
Published: April 2023

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a rheumatologic disease occurring in about 30% of patients with cutaneous psoriasis. PsA is an inflammatory arthropathy whose symptom presentation is heterogeneous, including dactylitis, enthesitis, and spondylitis. The primary purpose of this report was to illustrate different feet length in an adult with PsA. A 51-year-old man complained about the difficulty of using shoes of the same size for both feet. It was found that the right foot (26 cm) was 1 cm shorter than the left. Hammertoes, second to fifth, were evident in the right foot. The evaluation of foot deformities –even if not producing specific symptoms– is of significant support to assist clinicians in recommending appropriate shoewear to enhance comfort in athletic and non-athletic users.
Charcot neuroarthropathy in a non-diabetic patient with renal failure: A case study
Authors: Renier Edee , Bennett John
Published: April 2023

Charcot Neuroarthropathy (CN), a limb threatening disease, has previously been documented and studied extensively in the diabetic population. Within this population most individuals who suffer from CN also have documented peripheral neuropathy secondary to their diabetes. While many patients with CN are diabetic, there remains a small population of non-diabetic patients. Etiology in these non-diabetic cases has been attributed to other causes of neuroarthropathy such as leprosy, spina bifida, rheumatoid arthritis, glucocorticoid use, and simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Non-diabetic individuals are reported mainly in case studies and remain an enigma in the Charcot population. The purpose of this case study is to document a non-diabetic patient with end stage renal disease suffering from CN. In an extensive literature review no such case study has been documented in recent history. Although kidney failure has been noted in many Charcot patients, the correlation remains understudied. The Charcot event in this case was monitored through serial radiographs and treated conservatively. Corresponding bloodwork from periods of prolonged hospitalization due to unrelated coinciding events confirm normal serum glucose measurements and monitor the status of renal failure. Although this patient does not represent the majority of patients who suffer from CN, much remains to be learned from the study of outlying cases like this one.
Citizenship Education Study of Illegal Parking in Abepura, Jayapura City
Authors: Willius Kogoya  , Nikson E Aronggear
Published: April 2023

Good citizens will not do anything that can harm the State even though it is related to personal needs. This study examines the citizenship review of illegal parking in the city of Jayapura, which is detrimental to the state because parking fees are not included in regional income but for personal interests, and this shows the low awareness of being a good citizen. With a qualitative method, this study aims to reveal the causes of rampant illegal parking, the problems that arise, and how local governments respond to them. The sample selected was ten people consisting of five illegal parking officers, three official parking officers, and two officers from the Jayapura City Regional Revenue Service. From the results of the study obtained information that illegal parking in the city of Jayapura is caused by factors: urgent needs, lack of job opportunities, and lack of human resource skills. The impact is a decrease in regional income and inconvenience in the parking area. There are no less illegal parking attendants who act arrogantly, asking for money by force in excess of the parking fee that should have been even though he did not carry out his duties to regulate vehicles that were parked properly. The Regional Government has taken several actions, including controlling parking locations, providing counseling to illegal parking officers, placing official parking officers, and inviting illegal parking officers to register themselves as official parking officers.
Contribution of Circular Economy on Achieving Sustainable Development
Authors: Elimam Haga
Published: April 2023

Being the world’s largest oil states and highest per capita income recorded, Qatar and Kuwait are the two most developing countries in the world but the situation of the Circular Economy and its implementation is not taken into consideration. The study aims to estimate the impact of the contribution of the circular economy (CE) on sustainability development. In this research, A self-generated questionnaire was sent to 300 companies situated in Qatar and Kuwait. This is a closed-ended survey. A Random Sampling technique is used to collect the data. The findings indicate that awareness on the subject of circular economy policies is not sufficient while the policies and laws to maintain sustainability are present. The communities are sufficiently using some of the strategies to implement CE for maintaining sustainability but recycling is not done properly. The study implies that the betterment of law-and-order situations in the community is required and awareness campaigns and tactics should be focused on.
Adoption of Climate Smart Agricultural Technologies among Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Ghana
Authors: Odoom Ekua S. , Afful Rose , Mensah Adelina Maria , Nukpezah Daniel , Shaibu Mohammed T. , Sibanda Darlington
Published: April 2023

The evidence of climate change and variability in semi-arid Ghana is glaring and the adverse impact is being felt mostly by smallholder farmers because of their over dependence on agriculture for livelihood and subsistence. As a solution to building the resilience of the smallholder farmers, the Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) concept was introduced a decade ago by the Food and Agriculture Organization, guided by three key principles of adaptation to climate change, greenhouse gas emissions reduction and promotion of food security. The paper sought to assess the level of awareness of climate smart agriculture practices and the respective rate of adoption of these practices. Moreso, this paper established how Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) affects the adoption rate of CSA practices or technologies. The study employed the explanatory sequential mixed research methods. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 300 smallholder farmers and 16 focus group discussions were conducted, with a total of 180 persons taking part in the focus group discussions. Key informant interviews were also conducted for 11 relevant stakeholders from governmental and non-governmental institutions. Findings from this study reveal that CSA practices such as intercropping, manure management and mulching had a 100% adoption rate, and the least adopted practice was irrigation followed by dry season gardening. The NDWI and LST analysis concluded that Nandom is the most viable among the two municipals to support irrigation projects since it has more capacity to retain surface water during the dry and wet seasons.
ExoSilva - ein Multi­-Sensor­-Ansatz für ein räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöstes Monitoring des Waldzustandes
Authors: Leiterer Reik , Milani Gillian , Wegner Jan Dirk , Ginzler Christian
Published: April 2023

Die Veränderungen der klimatischen Bedingungen sind auch zunehmend in den Waldökosystemen der Schweiz sichtbar. Dies nicht nur in Hinblick auf die langfristigen Auswirkungen auf den Waldzustand durch die zunehmenden Temperaturen und die sich regional verändernden Wasserverfügbarkeiten, sondern auch in Bezug auf das erhöhte Risiko von unmittelbaren Waldschäden durch biotische und abiotische Faktoren. Mit ExoSilva, einem satellitengestützten Ansatz, der zusammen mit der ETHZ, der WSL und dem UZH Spin-off ExoLabs entwickelt wurde, können sowohl langfristige Trends als auch kurzfristige Veränderungen des Waldzustandes in der Schweiz erfasst werden. Dabei ermöglicht, neben der Erfassung des Waldzustandes in einer hohen räumlichen Auflösung von 20 × 20 m Pixelgrösse und einer wöchentlichen Aktualisierung, vor allem der pixel-basierte Abgleich mit der langjährigen Dynamik neue Ansätze für das Waldmonitoring. In diesem Beitrag wird die Datenaufbereitung, die Evaluierung der Ergebnisse sowie das Anwendungspotenzial der entwickelten Methodik präsentiert.
Landesweite Datensätze zum Wald mittels Fernerkundung - der Beginn einer neuen Ära
Authors: Waser Lars , Ginzler Christian
Published: April 2023

Regelmässig erhobene, aktuelle Informationen zu verschiedenen Waldparametern auf landesweiter Ebene erfuhren in den letzten Jahren eine steigende praktische und wissenschaftliche Relevanz. Neueste Technologien aus der Fernerkundung und dem maschinellen Lernen haben eine neue Ära eingeläutet und ermöglichen eine genaue, reproduzierbare und flächige Erstellung der gewünschten Datensätze. Sie dienen als zuverlässige Basis zur Beschreibung des heutigen Zustandes sowie der zukünftigen Entwicklung des Waldes. Im folgenden Artikel werden die im Rahmen des Schweiz. Landesforstinventars (LFI) landesweit verfügbaren Datensätze Vegetationshöhenmodell, Waldmischungsgrad, Gebüschwald und Holzvorrat vorgestellt. Es wird aufgezeigt, was heutzutage mit Fernerkundungs- und Modellierungstechniken möglich ist und wo aber auch die Grenzen liegen. Neben einer kurzen Beschreibung der verschiedenen Datensätze, wird ein spezielles Augenmerk auf die Interpretation der Resultate und deren Anwendung gelegt. Anhand des Waldmischungsgrads LFI wird der Unterschied zwischen Modellgenauigkeit und Produktegenauigkeit erklärt. Ein wichtiger Punkt ist die korrekte und solide Validierung, mit unabhängigen Daten und auch Vor-Ort-Begehungen. Zudem wird aufgezeigt, dass ein Austausch zwischen der Praxis und Forschung wichtiger denn je ist.