bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on the “Toxins” of Hemolytic Streptococci
Authors: Ando K. , Ozaki K.
Published: December 2022

Summary and Conclusions

Skin reactions to the nucleoprotein of streptococcus seem to indicate a somewhat nonspecific allergic state of the individuals tested with this substance which seems to be common at least to various streptococci, and are not an indication of a specific relationship with certain streptococci. The fact that the allergy to the N.P. runs parallel to the immunity to the essential toxin is due to the structure of Streptococcus scarlatinae of which the N.P. and the essential toxin are the two components. But that both are not necessarily parallel to each other seems to depend upon the fact that nucloproteins are widely common to various sorts of streptococci while only a limited variety of streptococci can produce essential toxin and that the rapidity of development of immunity to the essential toxin and of allergy to the N.P. does not run parallel to each other. An explanation of many data reported by various authors on the Dick test contrary to the Dicks' theory may be found in the fact that the ordinary Dick toxin (culture filtrate) in addition to the essential toxin contains N.P. which is also capable of evoking allergic reactions on human skins. The culture filtrate which contains a considerable amount of N.P. seems to have given results inconsistent with the toxin-antitoxin theory. For the standardization of the Dick toxin for the Dick test it is not sufficient to determine its skin units, but the nucleoprotein content of it must be considered. In this respect, the Washington standard toxin was very satisfactory, but the use of the purified toxin free fron N.P. is most reasonable. In order to determine skin units of ordinary culture filtrate very young children with strongly positive reaction to the scarlatinal toxin are preferred, as they scarcely have a positive reaction to the nucleoproteins. If we utilize weak positive reactors and place the importance on the percentage of positive reactors, this will likely lead us into error, owing to the positive reactions to the N.P. The divergence of the results reported by many authors on the age distribution of positive reactors seems to depend upon the different content of nucleoproteins in the filtrate used.
The Minimum Blanching Dose and the Unit Value of Scarlatinal Antitoxin Determined by the Skin-Test Method on the White Pig
Authors: Ando K. , Futagi Y.
Published: December 2022

Wadsworth, Cruickshank, O'Brien, Wylie, etc., pointed out the practical difficulties met with in the titration of scarlet fever antitoxin by means of the Schultz-Charlton blanching test. But Friedemann recommends to the clinician the application of this method in selecting serum to be used. They inject two serums to be used in serial dilution intracutaneously into the rash of one and the same patient, at the same time, and compare their endpoint of positive reaction. In the Government Hospital for Infectious Diseases at Dairen the same method has been used as a routine for the same purpose since some years ago.

It was our earnest desire to compare the value determined by the blanching test and the unitage determined by the skin-test method on the white pig.
Studies on the “Toxins” of Streptococcus Hemolyticus
Authors: Ando K. , Kurauchi K.
Published: December 2022

In the previous communications we have pointed out that there are two substances in the so-called Dick toxin with which skin reactions can be elicited in human beings. The first seems to be bacterial protein, which may be considered as the so-called nucleoprotein and the second the essential scarlatinal toxin which is heat-labile and exotoxic in nature. In more recent experiments we have found a toxic component which can not be distinguished from the heat-labile scarlatinal toxin in any way tested except in its heat stability.

Skin reactions were carried out on 61 (60°C.), 45 (70°C.) and 50 (80°C.) individuals (7 to 11 years of age) with 1 S.T.D. of an ordinary Dick toxin both unheated and heated for 30 minutes at various temperatures described above respectively. In this way it was found that the toxin was gradually destroyed by the increasing temperature up to 80°C., at which the destruction was practically complete.
The Relationship Between Complement and Opsonin
Authors: Gordon J.
Published: December 2022

Congo red and similar dyes prevent the bactericidal and hemolytic (complement) activities of normal serum. A serum whose complement has been inactivated by certain concentrations of congo red is still able to exert its opsonic activity.
A Determination of Amounts of Antitoxic Globulin Solution Effective in Sensitizing a Guinea Pig; the Amount of Cross Sensitization between Antitoxic Globulin or Serum Obtained from the Horse, the Goat and the Calf
Authors: Behner Dorothy M.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. In December, 1923, Dr. Sanford Hooker made a report showing that skin sensitiveness to horse proteins was apparently increased after completion of the series of toxin-antitoxin injections then used in immunization against diphtheria. The toxin-antitoxin was a mixture of 3 L + preparation and contained about 0.01 ml. of serum. The test dose demonstrating skin sensitiveness given six months later contained 0.005 ml. of serum (4). Dr. William H. Park partially corroborated this, but found much less difference, stating that in his observations while increased skin sensitiveness was demonstrable, it was only of moderate extent and then not a serious contraindication to serum therapy, since in his experience a larger number of severe results after therapeutic doses of serum had not ensued in children after immunization with the small amount of antitoxin at present used with the 0.1 L + dose in active immunization than in control groups of children who had never received toxin-antitoxin (5).
Immunologic Studies in Blastomycosis
Authors: Dulaney Anna Dean
Published: December 2022

The data to be reported in this paper are results of studies on the immunologic reactions elicited by Blastomyces dermatitis: (a) in response to vaccine treatment in a case of systemic blastomycosis, and (b) in laboratory animals upon injection of the culture isolated from the human case.

In his early observations regarding human infection with blastomyces, Hektoen (1) found that the undiluted serum of a dog which had received successive inoculations of organisms, isolated from a case of cutaneous oidiomycosis, caused gradual clumping of the yeast in bouillon cultures. Christensen and Hektoen (2) were the first to suggest vaccine treatment for blastomycosis. They administered vaccine to several patients, but not for long enough periods to enable them to form conclusions regarding its value.

A few years later, Davis (3) reported an extensive study of the immunologic reactions of oidiomycosis in the guinea pig.
Improvement of the Prophylactic Immunization Against Scarlet Fever by Means of Anatoxin After Ramon's Method
Authors: Futagi Yasuo
Published: December 2022

From the above experiments, I have ascertained that, in order to obtain a scarlet fever anatoxin that will produce a comparatively slight reaction and still retain sufficient antigenic power, the best material to be used is anatoxin II (0.4 per cent formalin, 40°C. for sixty days) or anatoxin III (0.4 per cent formalin, 45°C. for thirty days).
Experiments on the Concentration of Antipneumococcic and Antimeningococcic Horse Sera
Authors: Goodner Kenneth
Published: December 2022

In the course of immunization of horses against the meningococcus and the pneumococcus there is generally an increase in the serum of euglobulin of low solubility. The antibody of the immune serum is associated with this protein. Certain of the solubility characters of this antibody euglobulin are reported and it is shown that in most instances it is unnecessary to concentrate this protein as a whole, for the greater part of the antibody is associated with the least soluble fraction of this protein. A method, based on these studies, is given for the routine concentration of antipneumococcic and antimeningococcic horse sera.
A Study of the Neutralizing Substance of the Pneumococcus
Authors: Felton Lloyd D.
Published: December 2022

In the foregoing paper different strains of highly virulent pneumococci were shown to vary in their ability to render inactive, or to neutralize, the protective power of antipneumococcus serum. In reality, this neutralizing characteristic becomes the significant variable in the pneumococcus culture used in any form of protection test. Although the control of this variable is possible, it is difficult. Consequently this study was made to determine some of the conditions which influence the actual neutralization of protective antibody by pneumococcus antigen, as well as conditions which have to do with the production of neutralizing substance by living pneumococci.

The general procedure in estimating the neutralizing substance (1) in any pneumococcus culture consists in bringing a constant amount of antigen into contact with varying dilutions of serum for a given length of time and then injecting a unit amount of this mixture into mice along with live virulent pneumococci.
Comparative Study between Conventional EBRT Alone and EBRT Followed by Intraluminal Brachytherapy in Local Advanced Cancer Esophagus
Authors: Soni Kapil Kumar , Arora Vansh , Chaudhary Amita , Kumar H. S. , Tanwar Rajendra Kumar , Sharma Neeti , Jakhar Shankar Lal , Purohit Bhuvanesh Narayan
Published: December 2022

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to compare local tumor control, dysphagia-free survival, and complication in patients with locally advanced carcinoma esophagus using external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) alone (Arm A) and EBRT followed by intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) (Arm B).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 50 histopathologically proven patients of locally advanced unresectable cancer esophagus were taken for the study from March 2019 to February 2020 and were divided into two arms, 25 patients each. Arm A was treated by standard concurrent chemotherapy–radiotherapy (CTRT) alone (a total dose of 50 Gray (Gy) in 25 fractions (fr), 2 Gy/fr administered daily 5 days per week with weekly injection cisplatin 40 mg/m2) and Arm B received 44 Gy through two definitive radiation therapies along with computed tomography followed by ILBT (5 Gy/fr; 2 fr 1 week apart). Assessment was done weekly during RT and 3 and 6 months post treatment for local control of disease and dysphagia-free survival and complication.

Results:

The local tumor control was observed 80% and 84% at 6 months in Arm A and Arm B, respectively (P = 0.82). Six-month dysphagia-free survival was 52% versus 68% (P = 0.248) and stricture formation was found 16% and 24% (P = 0.479) in Arm A and Arm B, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study shows comparable results of CTRT-ILBT over CTRT alone in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients.
Misâk-ı Millî Çerçevesinde Atatürk Dönemi Türk Dış Politikası
Authors: YURTSEVER Serdar
Published: December 2022

28 Ocak 1920’de son Osmanlı Meb’ûsan Meclisi’nde kabul edilen ve 17 Şubat 1920 tarihindeki alenî toplantısında Türk ve dünya kamuoyuna duyurulan Misâk-ı Millî’nin esasları, Amasya Tamimi, Erzurum ve Sivas Kongreleri kararları ve bütün bu gelişmeler içinde millî hareket içinde yapılmış tartışmaların bir muhassalası, bir bileşkesi niteliğindedir. Misâk-ı Millî, Birinci Dünya Savaşı içerisindeki bir takım siyasî ve askerî gelişmeleri öne sürerek Osmanlı Devleti’ni parçalara ayırmak ve nihayetinde tarihi şark meselesine son vermek isteyen İtilâf Devletleri’nin Ocak 1919’da başlayan Paris Barış Konferansı sürecinde Türkiye’nin geleceğiyle ilgili bir takım kararlar almaya başladıkları bir ortamda, Türkiye’nin barış şartlarını içeren bir program ve aynı zamanda da İtilâf Devletleri’ne yönelik önemli bir siyasî mesaj olmasının yanında, Millî Mücadele’nin iç ve dış politika hedeflerini de ortaya koyan mühim bir tarihî ve siyasî belge niteliğine sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Misâk-ı Millî’nin altı maddesi tek tek açıklanarak, Atatürk Dönemi’nde ilgili maddelere ilişkin neler yapılabildiği tartışılacaktır.
Tâhir El-Cezâirî’nin İtikadi Eserlerdeki Telif Metodu
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Mustafa , KASIRGA İlhan Selçuk
Published: December 2022

Çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil eden Tâhir el-Cezâirî, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde Suriye bölgesinde yaşamış, ıslahatçı fikirleriyle temayüz etmiş bir âlimdir. Cezâirî’nin ıslahat düşüncesine yönelmesinin en önemli sebebi Müslümanların batı medeniyetinin gerisinde kalması yer almaktadır. Müslümanların yeniden ayağa kalkması için öncelikle onları geride bırakan sorunlarla yüzleşmeye ardından yeniden yükselişe geçmenin anahtarı olarak gördüğü ıslahat metoduna davet etmiştir. Onun pek çok eseri yeni açılan modern okullarda okutulmuştur. Cezâirî bu eserleri yeni bir öğretim metodu ile kaleme almış böylelikle öğrencilerin eğitim sürecinde karşılaştıkları zorluklar yeni yöntemler kullanılarak aşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Onun kelam alanında yazdığı iki eseri bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki Suriye’de iken yazdığı El-Cevâhirü’l-Kelamiyye ve Mısır’daki hicret yıllarında telif ettiği El-Cevheret'ü fi-Kava’idi’l-Akaid adlı eserlerdir. Onun eserleri klasik akaid metinlerinden farklı olarak birtakım yeni metodlar içermektedir. O, bu yöntemlerle itikadi meselelerin kolayca kavranabileceğini öngörmüştür. Cezâirî’nin akide metodunu incelediğimizde temel anlayışının Selef âlimlerini takip etme, itikadi konuları tartışmalardan uzak yalın bir dille okuyucuya aktarma, kelimelerin çokluğundan ziyade anlam yoğunluğuna önem verme ve açıklayıcı misaller verme gibi birtakım temel metotları tercih ettiği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda müellifin itikadi konuların aktarımında takip ettiği bu metot ve yöntemler tespit edilerek ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.
Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (Ahs) Metodu İle Behzat Deresi (Tokat) Havzası Taşkın Risk Analizi
Authors: TAŞ Mehmet Akif , YANIK Muhammet Enes
Published: December 2022

Meteorolojik kökenli afetlerin en önemlilerinden biri olan taşkın (sel), aniden gerçekleşen ve etki derecesi oldukça yüksek olan bir afettir. Bu afete hazırlıksız yakalanmamak, mücadele etmek ve gerekli önlemleri almak için Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılarak uluslararası akademik mecrada kabul görmüş yöntemlerin kullanılması oldukça önemlidir. Bu analiz yöntemlerinden biri de Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) olarak literatüre geçen Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) ya da Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Süreci (ÇKKVS)’dir. Bu çalışmada Tokat’ın Merkez ilçesi güneyinde bulunan, kayıtlarda 1839 yılından 1961 yılına kadar defalarca sel afetine maruz kalarak tarihi süreçte yüzlerce kişinin yaşamını yitirdiği Behzat Deresi Havzası incelenmiştir. SentinelHub, NASA, Corine, HGM, MTA gibi birçok ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluştan elde edilen veriler ışığında AHS oluşturulmuştur. Yaklaşık 25,041 ha yüzölçümüne sahip havzanın güneybatı ve kuzey kesimlerinin yüksek oranda sel afetine kırılgan alanlardan oluştuğu görülmüştür. Yapılan hesaplamalara göre havzanın yaklaşık 9747 ha (%38,9)’lık bölümünün orta derecede, 1372 ha (%5,4)’lık bölümünün ise yüksek derecede sel afetine maruz kalabilecek alanların bulunduğu ortaya konmuştur. Buradan elde edilen sonuçlar dikkate alınarak afet yönetim sürecinde ilgili paydaşların hazırlıklı olmaları amaçlanmıştır.
IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AFTER INCOMPLETE PERCUTANEOUS REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIVESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Navaid , Rehan Shams , Khan Muhammad Nauman , Soomro Najia Aslam , Zada Shakir , Abbas Salman
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Patients with significant multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) are approximately one-half to two-thirds of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in-hospital mortality of incomplete percutaneous revascularization in a patient with multi-vessel CAD presenting with ACS at a single tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology: This descriptive study with 282 included consecutive patients from March 22, 2021, to September 21, 2021, fulfilling the inclusion criteria of aged between 18 and 75 years and of any gender, diagnosed with ACS, multi-vessel diseases, and undergone percutaneous revascularization of culprit artery only. Patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease or cardiogenic shock at presentation were excluded. All patients were kept under observation during the hospital stay for up to one week, and in-hospital mortality was recorded.
Results: Mean age was 55.7±10.8 years with 185 (65.6%) male patients. Types of ACS were noted as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 109 (38.7%), 117 (41.5%) non-STEMI, while unstable angina was noted in 56 (19.9%) patients. Three-vessel disease was noted in 126 (44.7%), 108 (38.3%) were diabetics, 164 (58.2%) were hypertensive, and 128 (45.4%) were smokers. In-hospital mortality was documented in 22 (7.8%) patients.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of in-hospital mortality was observed after incomplete percutaneous revascularization in ACS patients with multi-vessel CAD.
CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN INFANTS WITH A CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA: A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Mottaghi Moghaddam Shahri Hassan , Ghiasi Shirin Sadat , Abbasi Shaye Zahra , Zegheibizadeh Fatemehsoltan
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly and in association with diaphragmatic hernia (DH) develops significant morbidity and mortality outcomes. We aimed to determine the frequency of CHD in patients with DH and the effect of their relationship at our center.
Methodology: This retrospective study considered all patients with congenital DH, who were referred to the pediatric cardiology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital to evaluate for congenital heart disorders from March 2002 and December 2019. Findings were divided into two groups: normal structure heart and minor anomalies and major congenital heart disease that needs follow-up and interferes with surgical planning.
Results: Twenty-five cases of congenital heart disease were identified, 17 patients were male (68%), and the mean age of cases was 5.5 months. Moreover, 17 patients (68%) suffered from CHD which was the major congenital heart disease in 10 cases (40%). Eight patients (32%) were diagnosed with normal echocardiography or minor defects such as patent foramen oval or floppy mitral valve with no mitral regurgitation. The most common CHD was ventricular septal defect, observed in six patients (24%). The most frequent non-cardiac malformations were gastrointestinal anomalies, chest deformity and genitourinary anomalies.
Conclusion: The most common anomaly in the infants with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia is congenital heart diseases, particularly septal defects. Cardiac consultation in in patients with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia is significant, which is recommended for all the patients before surgery.
“Vamos traduzir?” Uma proposta de atividade investigativa sobre síntese proteica
Authors: Pignaton Agostini Jeane , Barreto Teresa Gradella Débora , Borges Corte Viviana , Castro Monteiro Pirovani Juliana
Published: December 2022

O ensino e aprendizagem sobre síntese proteica não é trivial. Considerado assunto abstrato e de difícil compreensão pelos alunos e para os professores é necessário ter um domínio do assunto e recursos didáticos diferenciados. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho é descrever uma sequência de ensino investigativa (SEI) sobre síntese proteica para o ensino médio, e como percurso metodológico a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa e do tipo intervenção pedagógica. A SEI é composta de quatro etapas, baseadas no ensino por investigação:  motivação, problematização e levantamento de hipóteses com uso de kit didático com os componentes da síntese proteica; resolução do problema/investigação; conclusões e sistematização do conhecimento e por fim, o aprofundamento do assunto com uso de um jogo digital sobre os aminoácidos. Dessa forma, a SEI pode ser uma alternativa ao modelo tradicional de ensino da síntese proteica no ensino médio e apresenta como potencialidade o trabalho em equipe, a leitura, resolução de problemas, argumentação, comunicação oral, pensamento científico e crítico.

Palavras-chaves: pesquisa de intervenção pedagógica; ensino por investigação; jogo digital.
Concepções de alunos participantes em atividades de divulgação científica sobre o ciclo de vida das estrelas
Authors: Coelho Yasmin Francisca dos Santos , Teixeira Ricardo Roberto Plaza
Published: December 2022

Este artigo objetiva examinar as concepções de estudantes presentes em atividades de divulgação científica sobre Astrofísica Estelar. Essas ações foram realizadas em 2018 junto a alunos de ensino médio e do ensino fundamental de diferentes escolas públicas localizadas em municípios do litoral norte do estado de São Paulo, tendo como ponto de partida o campus de Caraguatatuba do Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP). A sistematização dos dados obtidos a partir das respostas dadas pelos alunos de duas dessas escolas a um questionário aplicado logo depois das apresentações acontecerem, permitiu conhecer os pontos de vista e as opiniões dos alunos sobre os tópicos abordados. As ações realizadas permitiram concluir que o interesse de muitos jovens por temas de astronomia pode ser usado com sucesso e de modo ativo no processo de aprendizagem de áreas da disciplina de Física. Em particular, pode ser útil neste sentido, o estudo da evolução estelar e da dependência das diferentes etapas finais desta evolução com relação à massa das estrelas envolvidas.
Analisis Kaidah Urf pada Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 54 tentang Syariah Card
Authors: Rizaludin Rizaludin , Susanto Hari , Mubarak Jaih
Published: December 2022

Humans as social beings cannot be separated from interaction with others, especially in fulfilling their daily needs, in economic activities, buying and selling transactions have a large enough portion to be discussed and studied, at the beginning of its development, buying and selling that occurs is still traditional, along with the times, found a medium of exchange called money, either in the form of metal or fiat money, the existence of money makes it easier for humans to make transactions. Innovation in the economic world, especially the banking world, is always dynamic, one of the emerging products is the sharia card or sharia credit card. The Indonesian Ulema Council through the National Sharia Council then provides direction through its fatwa No. 54 regarding sharia cards, in its fatwa sheet one of the arguments used is fiqh rules that discuss urf, so this study aims to discuss the relationship between the emergence of sharia card products and the urf argument that be included. Have the needs of the Islamic economic community in Indonesia reached the urf level and explain the mechanism of the sharia card contract listed on the DSN-MUI fatwa sheet No. 54. This research is a qualitative research based on library research with the main reference being turast books based on ushul fiqh and qawaid fiqhiah. After reviewing and paying attention to the concepts of urf in the two branches of science above, it was found that the needs of the community which were the main reason for the birth of this sharia card product had not yet reached the level of urf or habit, it only reached the level of مَا تَعُمُّ بِهِ الْبَلْوَى which is a condition where the use of credit cards in transactions has become common, but the results of this study do not necessarily result in this fatwa being automatically invalidated, because in its reference, DSN-MUI includes arguments and other rules that aim to strengthen sharia principles that apply to sharia cards. or Islamic credit card. This research is expected to be an example of studying fatwa sheets issued by DSN-MUI, so that it can become additional knowledge for those who want to study a fatwa.

Keywords: Urf, Fatwa, Syariah Card
Implementasi Disiplin Aparatur Sipil Negara Menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil
Authors: Marhendi Marhendi , Garmayu Perliana
Published: December 2022

The position of Civil Servants (PNS) is vital and determines the success of the government's mission. One of the factors considered important is creating a clean and authoritative state apparatus, namely the discipline of civil servants. To discipline Civil Servants, the government issued Government Regulation No. 53/2010 concerning Civil Servant Discipline. The purpose of this study was to determine and study: (1) the implementation of the Discipline of the State Civil Apparatus at the Cakrabhuwana Airport Office in Cirebon, and (2) the inhibiting factors for the implementation of the Discipline of the State Civil Apparatus at the Cakrabhuwana Airport Office in Cirebon. This research approach is a combination of normative legal research with empirical legal research,.Namely, this research examines data based on existing norms regarding the implementation of Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 concerning Civil Servant Discipline. All data obtained from the research results were analyzed qualitatively, then presented descriptively based on the existing problem formulations, and finally, a conclusion was drawn. The results showed that: (1) in implementing the work discipline enforcement of employees at the Cirebon Cakrabhuwana Airport Office refers to Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 concerning Civil Servant Work Discipline. When there are civil servants who violate disciplinary rules, they will be subject to disciplinary sanctions or penalties according to the type of violation committed. The imposition of sanctions or disciplinary penalties for civil servants who violate discipline is carried out by direct superiors as long as they are under their authority, and (2) factors that affect the implementation of discipline enforcement of Civil Servants at the Cirebon Cakrabhuwana Airport Office are divided into 2 (two). First, the supporting factors are the factors of rules (law), facilities and infrastructure, and respect for Civil Servants. Second, the inhibiting factor is the self-awareness of Civil Servants and the budget factor.
Arrhythmia-Induced Cardiomyopathy. A Palestinian Experience
Authors: Janem Abdelrhman , Zazo Aya , Jobran Afnan W. M.
Published: December 2022

A 20 year-old male was admitted with a history of recurrent palpitations from 5 years. Baseline ECG revealed premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) with delta waves. Stress ECG showed short non-sustained Ventricular tachycardia (VT). Echocardiography showed moderate dilation of the left ventricle with mild reduced systolic function and Ejection fraction was estimated to be 42%. Right ventricle was mildly dilated and hypokinetic. Both atria were mildly dilated. The patient referred to CVC for EP study with possible ablation. The ablation of the focus led to complete suppression of the ectopy. Post-procedure ECG and echocardiography showed normalized rhythm and systolic function.
Reorganization Studies on The Organizational Structure of The General Directorate of Forest and Their Effects on Employment in Turkey
Authors: TOLUNAY Ahmet , MALKOÇ Mustafa , ÖZMIŞ Mehmet
Published: December 2022

In this study, the reorganization studies in the organizational structure of the General Directorate of Forestry and their effects on employment are examined. Questionnaire technique was used as data collection method in the study, and 5-point likert scale was used in the survey questions. 500 people participated in the survey study. SPSS 20 statistical package program was used to evaluate the data obtained, and a significance level of 0.05 was taken as a criterion in statistical analysis. Since the data did not have a normal distribution, the data were evaluated with the Kruskal Wallis test, one of the non-parametric tests. The participants replied that "General Directorate of Forestry has made a strategically important reorganization change with the establishment of new forestry unit" as 52% agree and 23.8% strongly agree. Thus, 75.8% of the participants stated that the reorganization studies carried out in the organizational structure of the General Directorate of Forestry are important. Thus, with the reorganization works, a large number of Forest Engineers and Forest Conservation Officers were appointed to the newly established forestry units. As a result of these appointments, there has been a serious decrease in the number of Forest Engineers and Forest Conservation Officers waiting for a job. Seeing that there is no problem in the employment of Forest Engineers and Forest Conservation Officers, university candidates preferred the programs that provide education for these professions in the university exams they entered in 2022 and filled the quotas.
Empirical validation of co-simulation models for adaptive building envelopes
Authors: Borkowski Esther , Luna-Navarro Alessandra , Michael Michalis , Overend Mauro , Rovas Dimitrios , Raslan Rokia
Published: December 2022

The thermal performance of adaptive building envelopes can be evaluated using building performance simulation tools. Simulation capabilities and accuracy in predicting the dynamic behaviour of adaptive building envelopes can be enhanced through co-simulation. However, it is unclear how accurately co-simulation can predict the performance of adaptive building envelopes and how the accuracy of adaptive building envelope models created in co-simulation setups can be assessed and validated. Therefore, this study presents new evidence on the empirical validation of co-simulation setups for adaptive building envelopes by establishing an assessment framework to determine the extent to which they can accurately represent the real world. The framework was applied to a case study to validate a co-simulation setup for a blind automation system using monitored data from MATELab, a full-scale outdoor test facility with realistic indoor and outdoor conditions. The validation of the co-simulation model of MATELab resulted in a median CV-RMSE index, a measure of model accuracy, of 5.9%. This indicates that the simulated data points have a small variance relative to the measured data points, showing a good model fit. In the future, modellers from the façade community can use the assessment framework for their co-simulation setups.
Growth of Coffee Cultivation, Consumption & Production in India – An Overview
Authors: V. A. Namreen Asif , Panakaje Niyaz
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to learn about how in India coffee producers as well as how the country is gaining international recognition, as well as how India's coffee growing integration with the global process has caused major difficulties that arise in the coffee industry's agricultural sector in India and to know how suitable areas for coffee cultivation. To comprehend major issues confronting coffee-producing countries, and the situation is steadily deteriorating. To be aware, coffee is thought to have been cultivated for the longest time outside of the world in India. Objective: The focus of this article is to understand the background of how coffee was discovered and brought to India. Additionally, to understand the many varieties and areas of India that produce coffee utilizing PESTEL analysis Design/Methodology/Approach: The information for the study was obtained from secondary sources like google, journal papers, new stories, literature, reports, magazines and books. Findings: Coffee species that are important for breeding or production are described. Soil preparation, seedling production, harvesting, and post-harvest processing are all discussed as important aspects of coffee cultivation. The most critical technological aspects of this crop are compared, including full sun vs. shaded cultivation systems, arabica vs. Robusta coffee production, and low vs. high technological input. Research limitations/implications: There are few sources for references, few topics are not highlighted, and most of the information is obsolete, thus gathering relevant data was difficult. Originality/Value: This research is unique in that it aims to trace the past of India's coffee industries as well as the various coffee laws implemented as an outcome of coffee growers. Paper type: A Research Case study paper on Growth of Coffee Cultivation on Plantation in India an overview.
“Sua vida amorosa foi diagramada”: bafão nos quadrinhos e cartas de bichas desaforadas
Authors: Zanoni Roseiro Steferson , Thiaghor Lippaus Pires Gonçalves Nahun , Alessana Fialho Lyvia
Published: December 2022

Esse ensaio objetiva gongar com as imagens do corpo em suas relações com a heteronorma. Para tanto, fabula cartas de corpos em desalinho com as sexualidades heterocentradas. Em cada carta, há um diálogo entre uma obra literária do gênero quadrinhos e provocações sobre os possíveis modos de existência de um corpo. Quais, afinal, são os limites dos corpos? Como viver um corpo em suas possibilidades? O descomeço da razão aponta, por fim, na potência nietzscheana de afirmação da vida provocando rupturas nas molduras das imagens.
A Study on the Impact of Social Networking Sites on College Student’s Consumption Pattern
Authors: Salini Dinesh
Published: December 2022

Social media are increasingly being used as sources in mainstream news coverage. Yet, while the research so far has focused mainly on the use of social media in particular situations, such as breaking news coverage, during crisis news events or in times of elections, little attention is paid to journalists' routine, day-to-day monitoring of social media platforms. The aim of this study is to examine the use and selection of social media as sources in routine newspaper coverage. First, it presents a quantitative overview of all the articles published between January 2006 and December 2013 in the print editions of two Flemish (north Belgian) quality newspapers, De Standard and De Morgen that explicitly refer to Facebook, Twitter or YouTube. Next, a content analysis is conducted of a sample of newspaper articles published in 2013 that explicitly mention Facebook, Twitter or YouTube as sources of information. The goal of this content analysis is to examine the different appearances and functions of social media references in the news. The study thus provides a first insight into Belgian newspaper journalists' regular sourcing routines in relation to social media.
Milli Güvenlik Kavramı ve Kavramın Türkiye de Hukuksallaşması Süreci
Authors: Arslan Uğur
Published: December 2022

Bugünkü Millî Güvenlik Kurulunun selefi mahiyetindeki Yüksek Müdafaa Meclisi 24 Nisan 1933 gün ve 14443 sayılı Kararname ile; 10 Ağustos 1933 günü çıkarılan 14819 sayılı Kararnameyle de Yüksek Müdafaa Meclisi Umumi Kâtipliği ihdas olunmuştur. “Devlet işlerinin en başında gelen topyekûn Millî Savunma görevlerini yerine getirmek üzere” 30 Mayıs 1949 tarihinde Millî Savunma Yüksek Kurulu kurulmuş ve Kurul Yüksek Müdafaa Meclisinin yerini almıştır. Anayasal olarak “millî güvenlik” kavramı ise ilk defa 1961 Anayasası ile mümkün olabilmiştir. Temel hak ve hürriyetlerin kısıtlanması bakımından 1961 Anayasası’na kıyasla 1982 Anayasası’nda millî güvenlik kavramı savunma ve güvenlik konularını aşacak biçimde genişleyerek yer almıştır. 1982 Anayasası’nın 118. maddesi gereği 1 Kasım 1983 gün ve 2945 sayılı Millî Güvenlik Kurulu ve Millî Güvenlik Kurulu Genel Sekreterliği Kanunu ile Millî Güvenlik Kurulu kurulmuş ve 2017 yılında yapılan Anayasa değişikliği Kurul bugünkü yapısına kavuşmuştur.
Limited Şirket Sözleşmesinde Zorunlu Kayıtların Düzenlenmesi
Authors: Cengil M. Fatih
Published: December 2022

Limited şirket sözleşmesi, limited şirketin anayasası olarak ifade edilir. Şirket sözleşmesi, limited
şirketler hukukunda çok önemli bir yere sahip bir hukuk kaynağıdır. Limited şirket sözleşmesinde
şirketler hukuku düzleminde etkilerini gösteren iki farklı temel kayıt türü bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan
biri çalışmamızın da konusunu oluşturan ve TTK m. 576’da gösterilen şirket sözleşmesinde yer
alması gereken zorunlu kayıtlar iken diğeri ise TTK m. 577’de ve Kanunun muhtelif hükümlerinde
gösterilen geçerliliği şirket sözleşmesinde öngörülmelerine bağlı olan ihtiyari kayıtlardır.
Türk limited şirketler hukukunda olduğu gibi İsviçre, Alman ve Avusturya limited şirketler
hukukunda da şirket sözleşmesinde zorunlu olarak bulunması gereken hükümler öngörülmüştür.
Mutlak zorunlu hükümler İsviçre hukukunda İsvBK m. 776’da, Alman hukukunda AGmbHG § 3/f.
1’de ve Avusturya hukukunda AvGmbHG § 4/f. 1’de gösterilenlerden ibarettir. Bu hükümler, limited
şirket sözleşmesinin asgari içeriğini oluşturmaktadır.
Çalışmamızda limited şirket sözleşmesinde yer alması gereken zorunlu kayıtların ne şekilde şirket
sözleşmesinde düzenlenebileceği ele alınmaktadır.
Türk Hukukunda Korumalı İşyeri Uygulaması ve Engellilerin Korumalı İşyerlerinde İstihdam Edilmesinin Esasları
Authors: EZER Burcu
Published: December 2022

Çalışma hayatındaki dezavantajlı gruplardan biri olarak kabul edilen engellilerin çalışma hayatına aktif olarak katılımlarını sağlamak ve istihdam oranlarını arttırmak amacıyla engelli istihdamına yönelik çeşitli yöntemler geliştirilmiş olup koruyucu istihdam (korumalı işyerleri) yöntemi bunlardan biridir. Ülkelerin dinamikleri ve ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda uygulama biçimleri ülkeden ülkeye farklılık gösteren koruyucu istihdam yönteminde, çalışma koşulları engellilere özel olarak düzenlenmekte ve rekabetten uzak bir çalışma ortamı oluşturulmaktadır. Korumalı işyeri uygulaması, Türk hukukunda ilk olarak 2005 yılında 5378 sayılı Özürlüler ve Bazı Kanun ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun (şimdiki adıyla Engelliler Hakkında Kanun) ile getirilmiş; korumalı işyerlerinin işleyişine ve denetimine ilişkin usul ve esaslar 27.01.2022 tarihli Resmî Gazete’de yayımlanan Korumalı İşyerleri Hakkında Yönetmelikle düzenlenmiştir. Ayrıca çeşitli mevzuatlarda korumalı işyerlerinde çalışan engellilerin ücretleri ve adlarına ödenecek sosyal sigorta primlerine ilişkin teşvikler, korumalı işyeri işvereninin ödemekle yükümlü olduğu bazı vergiler bakımından indirim ve muafiyetler ve korumalı işyeri proje destekleri düzenlenmiştir. Korumalı işyeri uygulaması ile işgücü piyasasına kazandırılmaları güç olan zihinsel ve ruhsal engelli bireylere, devlet tarafından teknik ve mali yönden desteklenen ve çalışma ortamı özel olarak düzenlenen (korumalı) işyerleri aracılığıyla istihdam oluşturmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, engellilere yönelik düzenlenen bir istihdam yöntemi olarak korumalı işyerlerini ele almak; korumalı işyeri yönteminin uygulama esaslarına ve Türk hukukundaki tarihsel gelişimine değinmek; yürürlükteki düzenlemeler ışığında Türk hukukunda engellilerin korumalı işyerlerinde istihdamına ilişkin usul ve esasları incelemek ve son olarak korumalı istihdam yöntemlerinin Türk hukuku uygulamasındaki işlevselliğini arttırmak adına belli başlı çözüm önerileri sunmak amaçlanmaktadır.
Ceza Hukukunda Genel Kabul Gören; Hukukun Bir Dalında Hukuka Aykırı Olan Fiil Zorunlu Olarak Hukukun Diğer Dalları Bakımından da Hukuka Aykırıdır Önermesine Eleştirel Bir Bakış
Authors: İBA Hasan
Published: December 2022

Türk öğretisinde suçun hukuka aykırılık unsuru ile ilgili olarak ileri sürülen bir görüşe göre, bir fiil bir hukuk dalında hukuka aykırı ise hukukun diğer dalları bakımından da hukuka aykırıdır. Bu önermenin, hukuk düzeninin birliği ve bütünlüğü ilkesinin bir gereği olduğu ileri sürülmektedir.
Hukuk, normların bağımsız ve rastgele bir araya geldiği kaotik bir sistem değildir. Hukukun temel fonksiyonu davranışlara rehber olmadır. Hukukun bu fonksiyonunu yerine getirilebilmesi için aynı davranışın bir hukuk dalına göre hukuka uygun, diğerine göre hukuka aykırı olmaması gerekir. Dolayısıyla bir hukuk dalı bakımından hukuka aykırı olan fiilin diğer hukuk dalları bakımından da hukuka aykırı olduğunu ifade eden önermenin arka planındaki düşünce doğrudur. Hukukun birliği ve bütünlüğü ilkesini ortaya koymak için ileri sürülen önermenin kendisinin ise doğruluk değeri yoktur. Hukukun birliği ve bütünlüğü ilkesi ile uyumlu olan önerme şudur: Hukukun bir dalında hukuka uygun olan bir fiil, hukukun diğer dalları bakımından da hukuka uygundur.
Mandamus Emirnamesi ve Kıbrıs Türk Hukukundaki Yeri
Authors: Gözügüzelli Emete
Published: December 2022

Yargı denetimi, kamu hukukumuzun temel taşıdır. Yargı denetimi yoluyla Yüksek Mahkeme, kamu yönetimine önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Hakları, yükümlülükleri veya çıkarları kanunla korunan veya tanınan herhangi bir mahkeme veya başka bir kamu otoritesinin kararından etkilenen her kişi, kanuna uygun olarak, bu kararın yargısal denetimi için yargıya başvurma hakkına sahiptir. Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde anayasal zeminde öngörülen Emirnameler İlkesi İngiliz Dönemi’nden beri Kıbrıs’ta uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nin 1985 Anayasasında yer alan 151. madde 3. fıkra kapsamında öngörülen Mandamus Emirnamesi incelenmiş ve halen dar çerçevede uygulanma alanı olduğuna değinilmiştir.
An Applicability of Islamic Social Finance for The Ex-Offenders Independence: A Study on Gresik Local Prison
Authors: Hudaifah Ahmad , Albar Maulidy , Tutuko Bambang , Malik Ahmad Dahlan
Published: December 2022

The study attempts to uncover and discuss Islamic social finance focusing on waqf and zakat in elevating and raising the social and economic breakthrough of ex-offenders in the Gresik region. The qualitative ethnography study employs useful and frequent observational method in combination with document analysis and interviews with key informants concentrating on Islamic social finance and ex-prisoners’ life hurdles. The findings concluded that the circle of problematic reoffending, criminality re-entry and its related vulnerability can be overcome and decimated through communal voluntarism action utilizing the benefit of zakat, waqf, and generous expertise contribution to nurture and raise the ex-offenders to be independent professionals and businessperson. Not only does the employment securitization ensure prolonged law obedience but also the wealth and prosperity management and planning ascertain and attain joyful and decent life continuation after a prison sentence.
Analisis Bibliometrik Ke Atas Hisbah Dan Ombudsman Dalam Pangkalan Data Scopus
Authors: Ahmad Fadzila Azni , Ibrahim Azrin
Published: December 2022

Tingkah laku tidak beretika yang semakin berleluasa di setiap peringkat di seluruh dunia adalah membimbangkan. Untuk mengatasinya, undang-undang dan peraturan amat diperlukan. Antara mekanisme yang terkenal untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut ialah hisbah dan ombudsman. Untuk memahami kajian semasa yang berkaitan dengan hisbah dan ombudsman, analisis bibliometrik dalam makalah ini membincangkan kerjasama antarabangsa dan antara institusi, menggambarkan trend penerbitan saintifik, dan mengenal pasti tumpuan utama penyelidikan mengenai hisbah dan ombudsman yang dikenal pasti. Analisis bibliometrik ini juga menilai impak, penyelidik yang terlibat, dan institusi yang menjalankan penyelidikan mengenai hisbah dan ombudsman. Semua penerbitan dalam jurnal berwasit dimasukkan dalam analisis bibliometrik ini yang dikumpulkan dengan teliti daripada pangkalan data Scopus. Tinjauan dalam makalah ini terdiri merangkumi 1176 dokumen. Majoriti penerbitan (58.16%) melibatkan perspektif sains sosial; Majlis Penyelidikan Ekonomi dan Sosial (ESRC) di United Kingdom membiayai paling banyak penyelidikan dalam hisbah dan ombudsman (0.53%); 6.93% penerbitan telah diterbitkan dalam Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law; 2.37% ditulis oleh atau dengan Kirkham, R; 6.5% ditulis oleh penulis dari Niehenke Consulting, Baltimore, Amerika Syarikat; dan penyelidik Amerika Syarikat menghasilkan artikel paling banyak (21.23%). Tumpuan utama sepuluh penerbitan menerima sitasi teratas mengenai penyelidikan hisbah dan ombudsman juga dikemukakan dalam makalah kerja ini.
Pelaksanaan Projek Keusahawanan Sosial Melalui Dana Syubhah: Kajian Kes Sekolah Rendah Agama Bahrul Ulum (SRIBU), Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang
Authors: Mohd Nor Radieah
Published: December 2022

Kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengurusan dana syubhah yang disalurkan untuk kegiatan keusahawanan sosial. Pemilihan projek ini dilaksanakan menggunakan analisis SWOT bagi menilai kekuatan (S), kelemahan (W), peluang (O) dan ancaman (T) dalam sesebuah projek. Penilaian ini penting untuk memilih projek terbaik bagi membelanjakan peruntukan dana dari Maybank Islamic Asset Management Sdn Bhd (MIAM). Kewangan sekolah yang tidak kukuh membuatkan projek penternakan arnab pedagang yang dilaksanakan di sekolah agama swasta iaitu Sekolah Rendah Agama Bahrul Ulum (SRIBU), Pulau Pinang dipilih dengan usaha sama antara agensi perbankan MIAM dengan kerjasama Pusat Kajian Kelestarian Global (CGSS), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Menggunakan agihan dana wang syubhah, projek ini menggunakan konsep keusahawanan sosial yang bertujuan untuk menambah pendapatan sekolah untuk membiayai kos operasi dan kos pembinaan sekolah. Projek ini turut memiliki cabaran dari sudut tenaga kerja dan pemasaran produk. Walau bagaimanapun, cabaran ini telah berjaya diatasi. Projek sebegini juga dilihat berpotensi besar untuk dilakukan di sekolah lain sebagai sumber pendapatan untuk menampung kewangan pihak sekolah.
Islamic Ethics of Trade: A Recipe for Sustainable Business Transactions in The Contemporary World
Authors: Sa'idu SABO Jamilu , Alzubi Saleem Ibrahim , Khalid Zaenal , Zakariya Haulatu Yakubu , Dalhatu Abdullah
Published: December 2022

Trade in human life is a risk that required to delve into, the survival of man and the survival of the world in any society in which worldly life is lived until when Allah (the Almighty) authorizes its annihilation, and what is similar to these risks, is a boat walking amid crashing waves, and what is the most dangerous if not the captain of the boat is skilled in wading the seas. Moreover, a business in this contemporary period needs to have strong ethics and ideas that could halt its pillars and shields it from decline. Unlike contemporary trade which in most cases required only the safety of capital and profit, Islam sees trade as a means of serving humanity, and an act of worship. Islam warned people to be careful when confronting any kind of business transaction. The Prophet said: "O people, fear Allah and be moderate in seeking a living, for no soul will die until it has received all its provision, even if it is slow in coming....” (Ibn Majah 2144). Therefore, this paper using personal observation, perusing, the contents of related literature on the Islamic ethics of Business transactions, and conscientiously discussing how those ethics of trade could serve as pedals of successful business in the contemporary world. Lastly, the paper discovered: good intention, Tolerance, Humbleness, Trustworthiness good habits Generosity in a business transaction, etc. are among the main ethics of trade brought by Islam, those discovered ethics are found to be applicable to both micro and macro economies and a recipe for sustainable business transactions in the contemporary world. The research recommends that each market in the Muslim countries should have an Islamic council chamber well equipped with scholars where the modus operandi of conducting Basic Business transactions should be adequately treated.
Mobilisasi Pemasaran Elektronik Mulut ke Mulut Dalam Keusahawanan Sosial Islam
Authors: Yusoff Murni
Published: December 2022

Pemasaran elektronik mulut ke mulut (eWOMM) merupakan salah satu saluran pemasaran yang semakin popular digunakan dalam platform perniagaan dalam talian pada masa kini. Pemasaran ini telah diiktiraf kepentingannya berdasarkan penyelidikan yang telah dijalankan oleh penyelidik-penyelidik terdahulu. Walaupun eWOMM telah dibincangkan secara meluas dalam literatur, namun eWOMM dalam keusahawanan sosial Islam secara khususnya kurang dibincangkan dalam kalangan penyelidik. Keusahawanan sosial Islam dilihat semakin penting dalam fasa endemik bagi memastikan kebajikan masyarakat terjaga secara keseluruhannya. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti bentuk eWOMM yang sesuai diguna pakai dan dimobilisasikan dalam keusahawanan sosial Islam. Data dikumpul menggunakan data sekunder dan dianalisis secara analisis dokumen, Dapatan kajian menunjukkan dua bentuk eWOMM yang dilihat sesuai untuk diguna pakai dan dimobilisasikan dalam aktiviti keusahawanan sosial Islam bagi meningkatkan keterlihatan dan prestasi perniagaan usahawan-usahawan yang terlibat.