bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mudanças climáticas e a necessidade de uma agricultura familiar de baixo carbono no Brasil
Authors: Garcia Junior Ruiz , Buainain Antônio Márcio
Published: December 2024

As emissões antrópicas de gases de efeito estufa afetam a dinâmica climática. Para auxiliar na mitigação das suas emissões, o Brasil lançou o Plano Agricultura de Baixo Carbono (ABC) 2010-2020. Apesar dos avanços, a participação da agricultura familiar foi marginal. Com o fim do primeiro ciclo do Plano ABC, o Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento apresentou em 2021 o Plano ABC+, estabelecendo o ciclo 2020-2030, em que se reforçou a intenção de promover a inserção da agricultura familiar. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a importância e os desafios para o desenvolvimento de uma agricultura familiar de baixa emissão de carbono no Brasil.
Opinião: Resposta emergencial com dados limitados : capacidades e necessidades do planejamento estadual em face dos desastres naturais no Rio Grande do Sul em 2024
Authors: Fiori Tomás Pinheiro , Pessoa Mariana Lisboa
Published: December 2024

O artigo resume o desafio de produzir evidências para a intervenção emergencial durante os desastres naturais ocorridos no Rio Grande do Sul em 2024, a partir da experiência do Departamento de Economia e Estatística da Secretaria de Planejamento, Governança e Gestão do estado, indicando algumas limitações importantes e os passos seguintes que estão sendo gestados para superar essas restrições em eventos futuros. Primeiramente, é descrita a evolução do método de definição da área diretamente atingida (ADA) oficial do estado, experiência iniciada em 2023 que ganhou infraestrutura técnica para chegar no resultado de 2024, quando 6,1% do território gaúcho foi atingido diretamente. A seguir, o texto apresenta as complexidades envolvidas na organização e no georreferenciamento de bases de dados de qualidade heterogênea, sendo possível identificar mais de 970 mil pessoas diretamente atingidas, das quais 450 mil em famílias que, de alguma forma, estão ou estiveram em situação de vulnerabilidade social e ambiental. No que se refere aos serviços públicos, foram 1.247 equipamentos diretamente atingidos, sendo 782 de educação e 243 de saúde, além de 11.572 km de malha rodoviária, 108.296 empresas ativas e 9.837 estabelecimentos agropecuários.
Efeito gotejamento na migração de médicos nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Gomes Bruno Silva de Moraes , Bastos Suzana Quinet de Andrade , Almeida Eduardo Simões de
Published: December 2024

O artigo busca analisar a migração médica, identificando o efeito gotejamento nos municípios brasileiros para médicos generalistas e especialistas. Para este fim, utiliza dados dos Censos 2000 e 2010 e o modelo hierárquico de dois níveis: o primeiro com os dados individuais e o segundo com os dados municipais (incorporando as defasagens espaciais). Como resultados, verifica-se a inexistência do efeito de gotejamento para migração médica tanto de generalistas (que estão dispersos pelos municípios aleatoriamente) quanto de especialistas. A variância explicada do intercepto confirma, entretanto, a importância da inclusão das variáveis individuais, municipais e espaciais. Os médicos generalistas buscam regiões com carência de mão de obra médica. Regiões essas marcadas pela falta de infraestrutura, como baixo número de leitos, fraca urbanização e menor densidade demográfica. Este resultado é positivo, pois ajuda a aumentar o atendimento dos mais pobres e diminuir as desigualdades regionais
Obesidade e salário: uma análise para o mercado de trabalho brasileiro
Authors: Silva Maria Eduarda de Lima e , Souza Wallace Patrick Santos de Farias , Balbinotto Neto Giácomo
Published: December 2024

O estudo analisou o efeito da obesidade nos diferenciais de rendimentos do trabalho por gênero. Dados antropométricos e socioeconômicos foram obtidos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013. Adotaram-se duas estratégias de identificação. A primeira utilizou o índice de massa corporal (IMC) de forma contínua e regressão quantílica. A segunda construiu dummies para o IMC segundo graus de obesidade e efeito de tratamento. Para as mulheres, a obesidade é punida em termos de menores salários; por sua vez, os homens recebem acréscimos nos rendimentos. Há indícios de que a aparência é o fator que conduz os resultados. O sobrepeso para os homens é um ativo, enquanto as mulheres são penalizadas pelo não enquadramento nos padrões de beleza socialmente desejáveis.
Enhanced digital twin development for a conveyor belt system: integrating PLC control, CNN decision-making, Gradio-based HMI, and fuzzy logic
Authors: Aniba Yehya , Bouhedda Mounir , Bachene Mourad , Seddiki Mahdi , Tobbal Abdelhafid , Hamrani Abdelmoumin , Benyezza Hamza
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces an advanced Digital Twin (DT) of a conveyor belt system, designed to enhance industrial automation and decision-making in the context of Industry 4.0. Built using Factory I/O, the DT simulates the physical conveyor's behavior, integrating seamlessly with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) for real-time control. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) enhances decision-making by analyzing conveyor activity, such as defect detection and sorting optimization. A Fuzzy Logic (FL) system also refines CNN outputs, improving reliability by incorporating factors like confidence scores and operational parameters. A Gradio-based Human-Machine Interface (HMI) offers an intuitive platform for real-time monitoring, interaction, and manual control. The system demonstrates robust synchronization between virtual and physical components, showcasing its ability to improve efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability in industrial processes. This work contributes to smart manufacturing advancements by combining  DT technology, intelligent algorithms, and adaptive control for enhanced industrial supervision.
Analisis Pergerakan Lengan Tari Bedoyo Majapahit Berbasis Motion Capture
Authors: Anang Kukuh Adisusilo  , Wahyuningtyas Emmy , Untoro FX. Wisnu Yudo
Published: December 2024

The Bedoyo Majapahit dance is an Indonesian cultural heritage that combines elegance and meaning in every movement, particularly in its signature arm movements. This study focuses on exploring and analyzing arm movement patterns in this traditional dance using motion capture technology, aiming to document, understand, and scientifically reveal the beauty and dynamics of these movements. Positional data of the shoulders, elbows, and wrists from both sides were analyzed to calculate speed and elbow angles. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and K-Means clustering were applied to identify dominant patterns. The results indicate a positive correlation between shoulder and elbow speeds on both sides, with correlation values of 0.71 and 0.84, highlighting symmetrical movements. Three movement clusters were identified: low, medium, and high, with the low cluster being the most dominant. The average speeds in the low cluster were 0.097 m/s for the shoulders, 0.092 m/s for the elbows, and 0.091 m/s for the wrists, reflecting the gentle characteristics of the dance. Meanwhile, the medium and high clusters exhibited higher speed values, particularly for the wrists in the high cluster at 1.888 m/s, indicating more dynamic movements. This study provides a quantitative understanding of the smooth and symmetrical movements in Bedoyo Majapahit dance, supporting cultural preservation through data-driven analytical approaches.
Traffic mortality of wild forest reindeer Rangifer tarandus fennicus in Finland
Authors: Niemi Milla , Cunningham Sari C. , Serrouya Robert , Väänänen Veli-Matti , Mykrä-Pohja Sakari
Published: December 2024

Vehicle collisions kill at least one million ungulates annually in Europe. The number of traffic-killed individuals is usually relatively low for managed species, compared to the annual harvest quota. Therefore, traffic mortality in common ungulate species has historically been seen as a management and traffic safety problem, rather than a conservation issue. However, rare ungulate species, such as European wild forest reindeer (WFR) Rangifer tarandus fennicus, challenge this paradigm. The global population of WFR is approximately 5 300 individuals, divided into three main subpopulations: Suomenselkä and Kainuu in Finland, and N-W Russia. WFR females generally produce only one calf per year, which makes this species particularly vulnerable to any additional source of mortality. Here, we investigate traffic mortality of WFR in Finland. For both Finnish WFR subpopulations we estimated a kill rate (the proportion of individuals killed/struck) and, in relation to their winter population sizes, the collision and traffic mortality rates. Our collision data was collected during 2017–2022 by volunteer hunters and consisted of 390 road traffic collisions (407 WFR individuals), with supplementary data on railway collisions. In total, 259 individuals were killed directly in road traffic collisions or euthanized later after tracking (kill rate 64%). An age class (adult/juvenile) was determined for 265 animals (65%), and the results indicated that noticeably more adults than juveniles were killed. In relation to wintering subpopulation sizes, there were higher collision and traffic mortality rates in Suomenselkä (3.0% and 2.0% of the winter population, respectively) than in Kainuu (1.8% and 1.3%). WFR-train collisions occurred in both subpopulations. In Suomenselkä, a railway mortality rate of 0.2% was recorded, while in Kainuu it was 0.7%. We found collision and traffic mortality rates that were relatively low and comparable with those of other ungulate species. However, the relatively high proportion of adults observed among road-killed individuals lends support for further studies to develop species-specific mitigation measures for WFR.
« Aujourd’hui rien que des bois ». À la découverte de la Basse Vallée d’Aoste à travers la toponymie (le projet DE‑TOURS)
Authors: Pons Aline
Published: December 2024

Cette contribution est issue du projet DE‑TOURS, déclinaison valdôtaine du projet plus large PNRR NODES – Nord Ovest Digitale e Sostenibile. Ce projet a pour objectif, entre autres, d’identifier et de décrire des itinéraires de randonnée toponymique dans le territoire de la Basse Vallée d’Aoste. Environ un an après le début du travail, j’ai jugé intéressant de vérifier dans quelle mesure les types toponymiques mis en évidence dans chaque itinéraire sont représentatifs de l’ensemble du territoire de la Basse Vallée. Il en résulte une collection de types toponymiques ordonnés en fonction des différents domaines culturels auxquels ils se réfèrent : la culture de la châtaigne, de la vigne et du chanvre, l’irrigation des champs et des prés, l’exploitation minière, la production de charbon, la présence de forêts interdites et de terrains domaniaux où la récolte du foin sauvage était autorisée. Cette collection permet donc de faire quelques considérations sur la diffusion des différents types toponymiques sur le territoire des 17 communes participant au projet, ainsi que de mettre en évidence l’utilité de la toponymie pour raconter le paysage culturel d’une région.
Dater Bellechaise. Chroniques du Mont Saint-Michel et chronologie architecturale
Authors: Gallet Yves
Published: December 2024

Le bâtiment de Bellechaise, qui, depuis sa construction au XIIIe siècle, garde l’entrée de l’abbaye du Mont Saint-Michel, n’a jamais été étudié ni daté de manière satisfaisante. L’étude présentée ici porte sur la chronologie des travaux, et sur la relation de ce chantier avec celui de la Merveille, sur le flanc nord de l’abbaye. Alors que les historiens de l’abbaye, depuis le XVIIe siècle jusqu’à Édouard Corroyer, Paul Gout et leurs successeurs, y ont vu une œuvre de 1257 et un chantier autonome de l’édification de la Merveille, le réexamen du dossier textuel, combiné à l’étude des techniques de construction et du style architectural, conduit à proposer une date plus haute, contemporaine des travaux de la Merveille et de la création du nouveau portail de l’abbatiale. Contemporains, ces trois chantiers apparaissent liés sur le plan fonctionnel : ils s’intègrent dans un programme de reconfiguration des circulations qui prend corps peu de temps après l’ouverture du chantier de la Merveille. L’analyse du bâtiment de Bellechaise engage ainsi à porter un nouveau regard sur la restauration de l’abbaye du Mont Saint-Michel après l’incendie de 1204.
Chevaux désultoires : écrire la voltige à la Renaissance
Authors: Menini Romain
Published: December 2024

Le premier en français, Rabelais parle des « chevaux désultoires », ces destriers qui animaient les spectacles de voltige à Rome, durant les jeux du cirque. L’article étudie la remarquable fortune de ce motif antique (et des mots pour le dire : desultorii equi, desultores) chez les érudits qui ont précédé Rabelais, de Béroalde l’Ancien à Guillaume Budé, avant d’en suivre la trace jusqu’à Montaigne. L’entente métaphorique du mot desultorius sert de fil conducteur à une enquête à la fois philologique et herméneutique.
Les savoirs équestres dans la poésie de Scève, Du Bartas et Gamon
Authors: Raulier Marie
Published: December 2024

Cet article retrace la relation entretenue par trois extraits de poèmes didactiques (Microcosme de Maurice Scève, la Seconde semaine de Guillaume de Saluste du Bartas et la Semaine de Christofle de Gamon) traitant de la première expérience de dressage du cheval par l’homme. Il permet de voir comment leur poésie est informée par le savoir équestre à travers l’utilisation d’un lexique spécifique et l’imitation de l’organisation des traités équestres, dont le genre est en pleine émergence en France dans la deuxième moitié du xvie siècle. La mise en vers d’un savoir-faire permet de saisir la transformation du regard porté sur le cheval pendant la Renaissance : d’animal à conquérir, il devient un animal à raisonner.
L’art équestre ou la redéfinition gionienne du héros romanesque
Authors: Camproger Diane de
Published: December 2024

Cet article s’intéresse à la réutilisation par Jean Giono de la figure du héros à cheval dans trois de ses récits de l’après-guerre : Le Hussard sur le toit (1951), Deux Cavaliers de l’Orage (1965) et Les Récits de la demi-brigade (1972). En basant la supériorité de ses héros sur leur grande maîtrise de l’art équestre, Giono se livre autant à un jeu intertextuel et langagier qu’à un processus de redéfinition de l’œuvre romanesque, par la construction d’une figure de héros recyclant tout un imaginaire mythique et guerrier. En cela, il dresse aussi un parallèle entre le héros romanesque idéal et l’idéal du cavalier d’art équestre né au xvie siècle.
De l’eau, de l’air et de la soie
Authors: Ducourneau Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

La modélisation topographique du processus de création, production et diffusion du Carré Hermès révèle des processus techniques et cognitifs artisanaux profondément enracinés dans la biosphère. Le teinturier consulte la pression atmosphérique par le truchement de ses veines pour ajuster le point d’ébullition d’un bain de teinture, « touche l’eau » pour évaluer sa dureté (±2 °f) et sa température (±2 °C). L’imprimeur ressent le comportement de ses poils et de sa peau pour se connecter à l’orage et anticiper le changement de viscosité d’une couleur. Ces hypersensibilités sont l’excellence des savoir-faire Hermès. Que deviennent-elles lorsque les métiers s’automatisent et que les franges de la biosphère s’abîment ?
Natures mortes
Authors: Ronsin Gaëlle
Published: December 2024

Dans le désert du Sonora, en Arizona (États-Unis), les cactus Saguaros mettent très longtemps à se décomposer. Ils restent dans le paysage, en dévoilant au fur et à mesure leur structure. Ces vestiges visuels témoignent des menaces de l’Anthropocène, du dépeuplement de ce désert mais surtout des ressorts biopolitiques de l’extinction du vivant.
Images de l'ayahuasca
Authors: Dupuis David
Published: December 2024

Cet article explore, à partir d'œuvres montrées au sein de l'exposition "Visions chamaniques. Arts de l'ayahuasca en Amazonie péruvienne" au Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac, la relation entre les images mentales perçues au cours de l'expérience hallucinogène et les représentations graphiques et iconographiques. L'art associé à l'ayahuasca, breuvage traditionnellement utilisé par les populations autochtones d'Amazonie occidentale dont l'usage s'est récemment mondialisé, est abordé comme un objet privilégié pour penser les statuts sociaux de ces images et leurs dynamiques de circulation interculturelle, dans le cadre de l'émergence du tourisme chamanique et de l'intégration croissante de l'art visionnaire autochtone au marché international.
Politico-Theological Debates in Ghadames between the 1770s and the 1850s from a Global Perspective
Authors: Duymus Kerem
Published: December 2024

This article aims to shed light on the history of politico-theological debates in Ghadames, focusing on two distinct case studies through discourse analysis. The particular geographical location of Ghadames, situated between two prominent states—Morocco and the Ottoman Empire—each with their respective caliphal claims, has historically enabled the scholars of the city to formulate and substantiate their own political stances. As a result, a substantial body of written materials, including chronicles, biographies, and letters, has emerged from Ghadames, reflecting the political discourse as articulated by its scholars, who adapted their perspectives in response to shifts in regional power dynamics. Notably, this adaptation was facilitated by the active intellectual engagement of the city’s scholars. In this context, the article investigates the politico-theological discussions in Ghadames from the 1750s to the 1850s, analysing the persistent yet varied arguments and justifications, as well as the intellectual milieu that intersected with them.
Antes de la heterogeneidad. Formulaciones desde la literatura jurídica a principios de la contemporaneidad, con especial atención a Nueva España
Authors: Galante Mirian
Published: December 2024

Términos como “heterogeneidad” y “diagnóstico” solo fueron formalmente recogidos por los diccionarios de la lengua castellana en las primeras décadas del siglo XIX. Aunque probablemente su uso ya era relativamente común en la lengua hablada, quizá no resulte casual que dichas nociones fueran reconocidas por los léxicos justo cuando empezaba a cobrar fuerza la representación de un nuevo colectivo referido como Sociedad, Público, Pueblo u Opinión Pública, en estrecha relación, además, con el surgimiento de inéditas entidades políticas. Este artículo analiza una muestra de textos anteriores a ese momento con el fin de explorar la complejidad y variabilidad de los dispositivos terminológicos y retóricos – así como sus inflexiones en las narrativas de esta coyuntura – con los que se intentó caracterizar el estado de la sociedad indiana, y novohispana más concretamente. Para ello se toman algunas fuentes de la literatura jurídica a partir de las cuales poder historiar las posibles torsiones del discurso largamente consolidado acerca de la diversidad y diferencia de las sociedades indianas y de las consecuencias, o no, de dicha particular constitución natural de las mismas. Este artículo solo perfila algunas reflexiones, cuya ponderación queda a la espera de posibles investigaciones futuras.
La educación patriótica en los cuarteles. Heterogeneidad, democracia y nación en las campañas para conscriptos “ineducados” en la Argentina, 1890-1930
Authors: Sillitti Nicolas
Published: December 2024

Este artículo explora las campañas de alfabetización para conscriptos lanzadas por el estado nacional en la Argentina entre las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras del siglo XIX. A través del análisis los debates en El Monitor de Educación Común, los informes de inspectores escolares y los materiales utilizados en las escuelas para reclutas, indaga en la conformación de los cuarteles en un ámbito privilegiado para la educación patriótica de adultos varones jóvenes considerados como “analfabetos” o “ineducados”. De este modo, se destacan aquí las profundas conexiones entre los diagnósticos sobre el estado de la cultura de la población y las nociones de heterogeneidad, nación y democracia.
Profesionales de la heterogeneidad: diagnósticos médicos-sociales en América Indígena, 1940-1961
Authors: Giraudo Laura
Published: December 2024

Esta contribución se propone averiguar y discutir las características de la expertise indigenista en el ámbito médico, acudiendo a los temas y a los debates que aparecieron en las páginas de América Indígena, órgano oficial del Instituto Indigenista Interamericano. El enfoque indigenista defendía la necesidad de conocimientos especiales para poder apreciar la “condición cultural” de los indígenas, diagnosticar adecuadamente su situación sanitaria y diseñar campañas médicas. Analizando los diagnósticos médico-sociales que circularon y se debatieron en la revista, reconstruyo cómo se va configurando la figura del experto indigenista y, al mismo tiempo, la de los sujetos indígenas, imprescindibles, ambos, para delimitar y legitimar el ámbito indigenista. Dos figuras que no necesariamente permanecieron separadas y que incluso podían superponerse, cuando se reconocía el poder de diagnosticar.
Gestão e legitimação do patrimônio fundiário municipal: notas sobre os direitos de propriedade à terra urbana a partir do caso de Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul, segunda metade do século XIX)
Authors: Becker Neto Octávio
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre a origem e os usos da terra urbana de Santa Maria/RS a partir de alguns pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da História Social da Propriedade. Parte-se do contexto de gestão das terras pela Câmara Municipal para visualizar interpretações possíveis para os direitos de propriedade sobre a terra urbana. Privilegia-se a observação por meio dos agentes e das práticas sociais diretamente envolvidas na questão fundiária urbana local. São utilizados, para tanto, documentos de origens diversas, além de leis nacionais e provinciais e de bibliografia especializada. Entende-se que a terra urbana santa-mariense se originou de direitos de propriedade não absolutos e que a sua gestão ao longo do período imperial brasileiro ocorreu pela manutenção desses mesmos direitos.
“No grande teatro da história”
Authors: Santos Magno Francisco de Jesus
Published: December 2024

Francisco Inácio Marcondes Homem de Mello (1837-1918) foi um importante pensador da História no Brasil oitocentista. Em sua trajetória profissional, atuou como sócio do IHGB, docente de História em instituições como o Imperial Colégio Pedro II, a Escola Nacional de Belas Artes e o Colégio Militar, além de ter exercido o cargo político de presidente das províncias de São Paulo, Bahia e Rio Grande do Sul. Neste artigo, analiso os fazeres historiográficos do autor em questão a partir de seus primeiros escritos que possibilitam a compreensão de sua concepção de História no âmbito da pesquisa e do ensino.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Authors: Mustafa Syed Muhammad Nabeel
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming part and parcel of every subject of the world and is greatly influencing all the sectors of the world. AI has found vast applications in the healthcare field where it has changed the landscape of diagnosis, improving treatments and precise predictions, bringing a more digitized healthcare system, and enhancing medical research and development. Healthcare is a sensitive issue and when it comes to collaboration with AI, it alleviates the risk of exploitation of Human Rights. United Nations (UN) has laid down basic human rights, including healthcare, that everyone enjoys. The use of AI can greatly risk human rights in healthcare. In this chapter, we focus on the policies and steps that a State must take to protect and safeguard human rights in health care. The State must roll down a comprehensive plan to implement AI in healthcare by devising adequate policies to diffuse AI in healthcare and resolve the legal issues that might hinder the peaceful adoption of AI.
Artificial Intelligence in Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Çela Eriona , Vajjhala Narasimha Rao , Eappen Philip , Vedishchev Alexey
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Vocational Education and Training (VET), highlighting its potential to revolutionize teaching and learning processes while preparing students for the evolving demands of an AI-driven workforce. It examines the diverse applications of AI technologies, including Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Machine Learning (ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT), and their role in enhancing personalized learning, skill development, and workplace readiness. The chapter also addresses the challenges of integrating AI into VET, such as algorithmic bias, the digital divide, and data privacy concerns, while offering mitigation strategies to ensure equitable and effective implementation. Ethical considerations are discussed, emphasizing the balance between leveraging AI innovations and preserving critical human interaction and ethical integrity.
AI-Driven Digital Marketing in Kazakhstan
Authors: Potluri Rajasekhara Mouly , Mukashev Erzhan Bulatovich , Abdykhalykov Kairzhan S. , Potluri Lohith Sekhar
Published: December 2024

This chapter examines Kazakhstan's distinctive digital marketing scene and the transformative potential of artificial intelligence technologies in reshaping vocational education and training. Over the past five years, the rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has opened up unprecedented opportunities for vocational education. This book chapter not only explores the promise of artificial intelligence in vocational education through the lens of digital marketing but also emphasizes the transformative power of artificial intelligence. The present artificial intelligence technology introduces innovative application models, such as assisted teaching and learning, which empower teachers to craft personalized instruction and offer real-time support to students. The contemporary artificial intelligence-driven digital marketing for vocational education delivers a hopeful glimpse into the future of vocational education enriched by technology, instilling a sense of optimism and excitement about the possibilities.
Transformation of Quality Education Through E-Learning for Sustainable Development
Authors: Pathak Sumit , Jain Vishal
Published: December 2024

Education is already hovering on the edge of the Education 4.0 revolution fueled by technology integration and student participation. Therefore, Education 4.0 eliminates rigid structures, lectures and focuses on teachers as Education 4.0 is meant for digital generation providing a flexible learning process that is continuous. Central to this shift is the Smart Hybrid Learning System, which brings together models such as the Challenge Based learning and the Case Based learning in dynamic online environments. Enhancing learning solution; online learning platforms, LMS, AI, IoT provide rich engagement solutions. Today's school structures fail to capture such changing needs, which puts emphasis on old fashioned approaches. Such classroom practices as the flipped and smart classroom helps overcome these gaps but issues with implementation is still an issue with issues to do with infrastructure and digital divide. Education 4.0 is the strategic direction towards mass, choice and flexibility for learning in the era of volatility.
Effect of Cu Additive on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Fe-6.5wt%Si High Silicon Steel by Induction Melting Method
Authors: Dong Zhong Qi , Pan En Bao , Zhang Xue
Published: December 2024

Fe-6.5wt%Si high silicon steel alloy was prepared using the vacuum induction melting method. Ordered phase formation in Fe-6.5wt%Si alloy was inhibited by adding trace Cu and induction cycle heating purification treatment. The microstructure and magnetic properties of high silicon steel were investigated. The results show that with the increase of Cu content, the alloy microstructure first changed from coarse grain to fine isoaxial crystal, followed by strip dendrite, with ordered cracking. The saturated polarization strength of the alloy decreased from 25.1 emu of the sample without adding Cu and heating once to 21.5 emu for seven cycles, the residual magnetic polarization increased from 0.0255 emu to 0.048 emu, the slope of the magnetization curve slowed down, and the coercive force increased from 2.4 Oe to 4.0 Oe. With the increase of cyclic heating times, the microstructure of the alloy without added Cu refined and transitioned from columnar to equiaxial crystals, from isoaxial dendrite to strip with the addition of 0.03 wt%Cu, and from strip to isoaxial structure with the addition of 0.05 wt%Cu. With the increase of cycle heating times, the saturation magnetization strength of the alloy without Cu and with 0.03 wt%Cu alloy increased, while the recalcitrant force reduced. Conversely, the saturation polarization strength decreased for the alloy with 0.05 wt% Cu, and the coercive force was also reduced.
Effect of Adding Mg(OH)2 Additives to Polyethersulfone (PES) Hydrophobic Membranes
Authors: Abubakar Abubakar , Fathanah Umi , Lubis Mirna Rahmah , Muchtar Syawaliah , Rahmania Thiara Puspa , Syarwani Intan
Published: December 2024

Polyether sulfone (PES) stands as a widely utilized polymeric membrane in separation technology. However, due to certain undesirable drawbacks encountered in its application, researchers consistently strive to enhance its characteristics and performance. In this study, we delve into the effects of Mg(OH)2 addition on the characteristics and performance of PES membranes employed for humic acid removal from water. The membrane fabrication involves PES as the primary polymer, NMP as the solvent, and a blend of ethanol and water as non-solvents. Characterization of the membranes encompasses the assessment of functional groups via FTIR, morphological structure through SEM imaging, and porosity evaluation. Notably, the Mg(OH)2 additive exerted a positive influence on the prepared PES membranes, leading to discernible alterations in the morphological structure, as evident in SEM cross-sectional images. The augmentation of Mg(OH)2 concentration resulted in increased membrane porosity. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of water derived from Mg(OH)2 crystals. The research yielded notable results, with the most outstanding membrane exhibiting a pure water flux of 41.6 L/m2·h and a rejection rate of 71%. Furthermore, it displayed a Water Flux Recovery Ratio (FRR) of 72%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of incorporating Mg(OH)2 as an additive in enhancing the performance of PES membranes for humic acid removal, with promising implications for water purification applications.
The Effect of Nanosilica on the Fresh Properties of Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Papatzani Styliani , Hloupis Georgios , Giatra Pantochara , Aslanis Georgios
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the current investigation was to lower the CO2 footprint of an industrial self-compacting concrete mix, which currently consists of CEMI 42.5R solely, without any natural pozzolanas or supplementary cementitious materials. The target compressive strength of the industrial mix needed to exceed 55 MPa at 28 days of curing. In the present study we attempted a 20% reduction of CEMI 42.5R (by total mass of solids) by adding 20% of limestone filler and subsequently added 1% of colloidal nanosilica, aiming (i) at leveraging strength loss due to the reduction of Portland cement, (ii) at providing early strength and (iii) at enhancing the microstructure. A water to binder ratio of 0.42 was selected and superplasticizers were added. Fresh properties were studied in terms of slump-flow test, density and 1-day strength. In addition, the 28 day compressive strength was also tested, meeting the mix design strength requirement. Interestingly, the slump flow was improved, indicating better packing effect, however the compressive strength of the control formulations was higher than that of the nanoenhanced formulation. Further insights are also provided.
Critical factors affecting digital resilience in the Sri Lankan banking sector: a systematic review
Authors: Jayasundara Harini , Wickramarachchi A. P. R.
Published: December 2024

Digitalizing the Sri Lankan banking sector has heightened its vulnerability to cyber threats and operational disruptions, making digital resilience critical for maintaining continuity. This systematic literature review (SLR) employs the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to explore and categorize the factors affecting digital resilience in the Sri Lankan Banking Sector. A review of 45 studies from 2016 to 2024 highlights three major categories: technological factors (e.g., cybersecurity measures, IT infrastructure, and emerging technologies like AI and blockchain), organizational factors (e.g., leadership, employee training, and strategic planning), and environmental factors (e.g., regulatory compliance, customer trust, and vendor management). The findings suggest that a holistic and integrated approach is necessary for enhancing digital resilience, specifically balancing technological innovation, organizational agility, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Moreover, the review identifies significant gaps in the current literature regarding Sri Lanka-specific empirical studies, recommending future research into the application of emerging technologies such as AI and blockchain to enhance resilience in developing economies. Additionally, the study proposes strategies to improve digital resilience, including strengthening cybersecurity infrastructure, fostering leadership-driven digital initiatives, updating business continuity plans, and advocating for flexible regulatory frameworks that balance innovation with security. The study underscores the need for an integrated approach to digital resilience. It suggests that future research should focus on targeted interventions to enhance resilience within the Sri Lankan banking sector and broader financial domain.
Modular and fractal patterns in Pascal’s Triangle provide insights into age-related developmental cycles and aging: an observational study
Authors: Sacco Rob G.
Published: December 2024

This study explored the hypothesis that modular and fractal patterns in Pascal’s Triangle correspond to human age-related developmental milestones. Pascal’s Triangle, known for its applications in combinatorics, reveals self-similar and fractal patterns, especially under modular transformations such as modulus 2 (forming the Sierpiński triangle). Previous research has linked these patterns to biological rhythms and developmental processes. Therefore, the present research investigated whether these mathematical symmetries align with key human developmental stages, such as growth and cognitive transitions. The study focused on (1) analyzing modular patterns under moduli 2 through 9, (2) calculating entropy and classifying modular sequences by complexity, (3) mapping these patterns to developmental stages, and (4) exploring correlations between entropy levels and stable or transitional phases. These findings suggest that the modular and fractal structures in Pascal’s Triangle may provide insights into developmental transitions and aging, with potential applications in predicting biological changes.
Potential of natural senolytic compounds in eliminating senescent cells and alleviating age-related skin deterioration: a narrative review
Authors: Ramirez Gabriel Athayde , Viel Tania Araujo
Published: December 2024

Cellular senescence is one of the entirely accepted biological theories for the aging process. It is related to physiological limitations of damaged cells, proliferation, and some diseases in old adults. This review explores the mechanisms underlying skin aging, emphasizing the role of cellular senescence and its impact on dermal health, focusing on the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its contribution to systemic inflammation, cancer development, and age-related diseases. The effects of ultraviolet-induced cellular senescence in carcinogenesis are addressed, relating the oxidative damage caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation with the premature acquisition of senescent-like characteristics in cells that ultimately lead to photocarcinogenesis. In addition, this review highlights the potential of natural senolytic compounds for developing novel treatment options for age-related diseases in the skin. In vitro research has shown promising results for some natural compounds applied to treating skin diseases together with nanocarriers that can better deliver these compounds. However, many aspects of their use in vivo are still unknown. Future research on describing the natural compound’s interactions on an organism and efficient nanocarriers is still needed if these products are ever to be of use in the research of new senolytic formulations.
Brazilin-rich extract from Sappan wood attenuates neuroinflammation through the restoration of the gut microbiota: improving cognitive function in mice with age-related Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sun Quancheng , Cui Zhan , Li Jinbi , Zhang Qingfu , Zheng Jie , Lu Fuping , Liu Fufeng
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β accumulation, which leads to memory impairment, neuroinflammation, and imbalance in the gut microbiota. Targeting neuroinflammation and correcting the imbalance in the gut microbiota may be promising strategies for treating age-related Alzheimer’s disease. Sappan wood, a traditional Chinese medicine known for its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, has not been extensively studied for its effects on cognitive function in age-related Alzheimer’s disease and neuroinflammation. In this study, we demonstrated that Sappan wood extract, brazilin, is nontoxic and reduces the degree of cytotoxicity induced by amyloid-β oligomers in PC12 cells. Sappan wood extract can alleviate cognitive deficits and protect hippocampal neurons in the mouse model of age-related Alzheimer’s disease by reducing neuroinflammation caused by amyloid-β42 oligomers. Furthermore, Sappan wood extract significantly reverses the imbalance in the gut microbiota caused by amyloid-β oligomers, enhancing resistance to inflammatory damage and age-related Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, Sappan wood extract shows significant potential for combating age-related Alzheimer’s disease by improving cognitive impairment and inhibiting neuroinflammation through the modulation of the gut microbiota.
The P2Y11–14 receptor is a double-edged regulator in stress-induced cellular senescence and aging: a narrative review
Authors: Shatat Abdel-Aziz S.
Published: December 2024

Cellular senescence is a process where cells reach the Hayflick number of divisions, leading to telomere dysfunction and genetic aberrations. Telomeres are bound by shelterin, preventing DNA repair proteins from accessing them, resulting in DNA damage and cellular senescence or apoptosis. Human telomerase deficiency is linked to various diseases, including aplastic anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, and early pulmonary fibrosis. Aging is characterized by a decline in cellular maintenance and repair processes, leading to the loss of hemostasis and functionality of tissues and organs over time. Purinergic receptors are essential for controlling healthy and diseased processes, activating adenosine 5′-triphosphate, and causing long-term and short-term processes. P2Y receptors, G protein coupled, have seven transmembrane-domain metabotropic receptors. Eight mammalian P2Y receptors have been cloned, with the earliest identified subtypes linked to Gq proteins, initiating the signaling pathway between phospholipase C and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, and releasing Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Most interestingly, P2Y11 receptors activate and P2Y12 receptors, P2Y13 receptors, P2Y14 receptors inactivate adenylate cyclase via Gs and Gi proteins, respectively. In this review, we discuss the involvement of purinergic receptors, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13 and P2Y14, in cellular senescence and aging.
Association of AMP-activated protein kinase and uncoupling protein 2 gene expressions with hypertension in obese patients
Authors: Kelany Mariem M. , Afify Mie , Abdelmaksoud Mohamed D.E. , Mahdy El Sayed , El Mezyen Hatem , Hamimy Waleed I , Hassan Amgad K. , Mageed Lamiaa , Gouda Weaam
Published: December 2024

Background

Obesity is a multifactorial metabolic disease resulting from behavioral and genetic factors, which are linked to hypertension.

Objective

The study aimed to examine the association of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) gene expressions in obesity and hypertension, to explore their potential roles in human obesity and hypertension. Moreover, their associations with lipid profiles were determined.

Patients and methods

Subcutaneous adipose tissues were collected from 131 participants, including 45 nonobese and nonhypertensive controls, 86 obese participants (51 obese only and 35 patients with hypertension also). Utilizing real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, expressions of the UCP2 and AMPK genes were determined.

Results and conclusion

AMPK and UCP2 gene expressions were statistically significant when comparing obese and hypertension groups to controls. In addition, UCP2 and AMPK expression levels revealed high sensitivity and specificity using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Significant negative correlations were found between AMPK gene expression and cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in hypertension and obese patients. However, UCP2 expression showed a positive correlation with LDL and cholesterol in obese. These results indicated that UCP2 and AMPK gene expressions could play major roles as candidate genes for the development of obesity and hypertension. Correspondingly, their correlations with cholesterol and LDL implicated their roles in lipid metabolism. Correlations of the AMPK and UCP2 genes with hypertension and obesity may provide an alternative approach for managing obesity and its associated hypertension.
Genetic diversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from different feed sources: applications and implications for biotechnological animal health
Authors: Magdy Nadine , Ahmed Dalia S. , El-Moghazi Gehan , Moghaieb Reda E.A.
Published: December 2024

Background

Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were isolated from various sources and studied due to their significant potential as probiotics for treating different diseases. They act as adjuvants against gastrointestinal tract disorders, including bowel disease and various types of diarrhea in humans and animals. Consequently, identifying different strains of S. cerevisiae and confirming their safe consumption by humans and animals became crucial.

Objective

This study aims to isolate, identify, and characterize 36 S. cerevisiae isolates from different animal feed sources. The primary goal is to examine the diversity among these isolates.

Materials and methods

Yeast isolation from feed involved using Rose Bengal agar, which was incubated at a temperature of 30°C for 48 h. Isolate identification was performed using an internal transcribed spacer and S. cerevisiae-specific primers. Molecular markers, specifically sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), were used to determine the genetic diversity. Polymorphic information content was estimated, and genotype-specific markers were detected. A phylogenetic relationship was established based on data obtained from the molecular markers.

Results and conclusion

S. cerevisiae-specific primers confirmed that all 36 yeast isolates belonged to the S. cerevisiae species. Molecular identification was achieved through amplification of internal transcribed spacer sequences, followed by sequencing and database matching. Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed their classification as S. cerevisiae. Genetic diversity among the 36 strains was assessed using SRAP and ISSR markers, which show 23.4 and 30 polymorphism percentages, respectively. The results revealed that 26 SRAP and 18 ISSR genotype-specific markers were identified for the 36 S. cerevisiae isolates. The cluster analyses indicated that the strains were separated into 20 distinct clusters based on their genetic similarities. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of S. cerevisiae-specific primers, molecular identification techniques, and genetic marker analyses in characterizing and understanding the genetic diversity and relatedness within a population of S. cerevisiae isolates.
Sodium alginate-based nanoformulation: optimistic approach for enhancing the anti-obesogenic effect of rutin
Authors: Kotob Soheir E. , Ahmed Hanaa H. , Mohawed Ola A.M. , Mahmoud Khaled F. , Aglan Hadeer A.
Published: December 2024

Background

Obesity is a global epidemic that affects all age groups and social classes. Prevention and treatment strategies against obesity have gained little long-term success. Obesity has been shown to be increased rapidly in the last few decades. It is anticipated that by 2030, up to half of the human population will be classified as obese or overweight.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a polymeric nanoformulation for the oral delivery of rutin in an obese rat model and to explore the anti-obesogenic impact of this nanosized rutin versus free rutin to provide insightful information for understanding the mechanism of action.

Materials and methods

Sodium alginate-based nanorutin was prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscope and Zetasizer. The obtained rutin nanoformulation and its free form were applied for obesity management in rats fed a high-fat diet.

Results and conclusion

The data demonstrated that rutin nanoparticles are made up of single spherical units with a diameter that ranged between 96.1 and 157 nm and exhibited negative zeta potential at −16.6 mV. Treatment of obese rats with chitocal, free rutin, or rutin nanoformulation provoked significant reduction in the body weight, thoracic circumference, BMI, and Lee index. Also, they elicited a significant drop in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor kappa B, and leptin levels associated with a significant rise in serum adiponectin and spexin levels. Furthermore, treatment of obese rats with chitocal or rutin nanoformulation elicited significant reduction in body length and abdominal circumference along with significant enhancement in serum high-density lipoprotein level. In conclusion, this approach provides a sparkling proof for the anti-obesogenic potential of rutin nanoformulation through its hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory effects as well as its inhibitory action on hyperleptinemia and adipogenesis. The superior antiobesity impact of the formulated nanorutin than its free form may be attributed to the enhancement of the solubility and bioavailability by nanoencapsulation.