bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Borxpten: A phase II study of bortezomib (B) in patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with PTEN deletion.
Authors: Mathew Thomas Vinay , Moynier Colin , Boucher Kenneth M. , Nordblad Blake , Clement Susan , Esplin Michelle , Kohli Manish , Gupta Sumati , Maughan Benjamin L. , Agarwal Neeraj , Swami Umang
Published: January 2024

TPS258

Background: Despite recent therapeutic advancements, there is an unmet need for effective treatment options in mCRPC. The tumor suppressor gene PTEN maps to chromosome region 10q23 and is deleted in 30% of primary and 60% of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Approximately 40 kb upstream of PTEN is ATAD1, which encodes an ATPase involved in mitochondrial protein homeostasis on the outer mitochondrial membrane. ATAD1 is frequently co-deleted with PTEN, with the highest occurrence in prostate cancer (25%). Winter et al. demonstrated that cells harboring a Chr10q23 deletion highly depend on the ubiquitin-proteasome system and were exquisitely sensitive to the proteasome inhibitor, B (PMID: 36409067). Treatment of pts with mCRPC enriched for PTEN and ATAD1 co-deleted tumors with B could lead to an effective treatment approach in mCRPC. Herein we evaluate the efficacy of B in pts with mCRPC with PTEN deletion. Methods: This investigator-initiated, phase II, single-arm, single-center study will enroll 22 pts. Treatment: B will be administered at 1.3 mg/m2 of the body-surface area subcutaneously on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 in a 21-day cycle. Key inclusion criteria: ≥18 years of age, mCRPC with histologically/cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma without small cell histology, PTEN deletion on next generation sequencing, prior treatment with one androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI), no other treatment for mCRPC (except ARPI if not used in castration sensitive stage), ECOG performance status ≤ 2, adequate organ function. Key exclusion criteria: grade ≥ 2 neuropathy, untreated brain metastases or any spinal cord compression. Primary objective: To evaluate the antitumor activity of B in pts with mCRPC with PTEN deletion as assessed by PSA 30% response rate. Simon’s two-stage design will be used. The null hypothesis is that the true response rate is 20% which will be tested against a one-sided alternative. In the first stage, 10 pts will be accrued. If there are ≤2 responses, the study will be stopped. Otherwise, 12 additional pts will be accrued for a total of 22 pts. The null hypothesis will be rejected if ≥8 responses are observed in 22 pts. This design yields a type I error rate of 0.0492 and a power of 0.8065 when the true response rate is 45%. Secondary Objectives: 1) To assess the antitumor activity of bortezomib in pts with mCRPC with PTEN deletion as assessed by PSA 50% response rate, duration of PSA response, PSA progression free survival (PFS), objective response rate, duration of response, radiographic PFS, PFS, and OS 2.) To assess the safety and tolerability of B in pts with mCRPC with PTEN deletion. Exploratory analysis: Concurrent PTEN and ATAD1 loss will be correlated with treatment responses with B. Clinical trial information: NCT06029998 .
Role of 18F-flotufolastat PET/CT imaging in men with high-risk prostate cancer following conventional imaging and associated changes in medical management: A phase 3b investigator-initiated trial.
Authors: Taylor Zachariah , Zeltser Ilia , Stollman Nachum , Belkoff Laurence
Published: January 2024

TPS347

Background: 18F-Flotufolastat (18F-rhPSMA-7.3) is a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa). It targets the extracellular epitope of the PSMA molecule and is administered as a single intravenous (IV) bolus microdose. The molecular structure comprises a PSMA binding motif, a peptide spacer, an 18F-radiolabeled silicon fluoride acceptor moiety, and a gallium chelator complex. Recent studies have demonstrated the utilization of 18F-flotufolastat in newly diagnosed PCa is beneficial with high specificity for detecting N1 and M1 disease prior to surgery. While the evidence for utilizing PSMA imaging for staging of newly diagnosed PCa is growing, the impact on clinical management is yet to be examined. Here, we evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of 18F-flotufolastat for detection of N1 and M1 disease, with subsequent evaluation of management changes for patients with extraprostatic disease. Methods: This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized study comparing 18F-flotufolastat PET/CT to conventional imaging for staging men with high-risk PCa and the subsequent change in medical management of these men. High-risk patients are defined as grade group ≥3 (primary Gleason grade 4, or any Gleason grade 5), PSA ≥20, or clinical stage ≥T3. Inclusion criteria include males >18y with untreated biopsy-proven PCa with high-risk features as detailed above, and informed consent. Exclusion criteria are as follows: any prior therapy for PCa, previous imaging for staging of PCa, history of other malignancy, and significant comorbidity. All men will undergo conventional imaging techniques to complete staging. Physicians will then record the patients’ treatment plan (surgery, radiation including planned radiation fields, hormonal therapy, or other). The patients will then undergo PET/CT with a single bolus of 296MBq 18F-flotufolastat IV. Results will be reported to the responsible physician who will provide a final management plan. If treatment is planned post-18F-flotufolastat, the patient will receive treatment as follows: Standard of care surgical treatment of PCa, including PLND; or if the 18F-flotufolastat PET detects M1 lesion(s), a biopsy/surgery and/or additional imaging to confirm M1 lesion(s) will be required prior to treatment. The co-primary objectives of this study are the percentage of men with high-risk PCa upstaged to N1 or M1 disease, and the subsequent change in management. Clinical trial information: NCT05799248 .
Daro-PET: A phase 2 trial of darolutamide as a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression enhancer in patients with localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Mota Jose Mauricio , Mosci Camila , Vasconcellos Jéssica , Hemerly Thiago Souto , Silva Neto Deusdedit Cortêz Vieira , Brandao Luis Felipe , Srougi Victor , Ramos Rodrigo Nalio , Cunha Isabela Werneck
Published: January 2024

TPS348

Background: Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been explored as a target in imaging studies using positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) to unveil occult prostate cancer metastasis, and as a target for radioligand therapy. Preclinical and retrospective clinical studies suggest that PSMA expression can be rapidly increased by androgen suppression, which might impact the accuracy of disease detection using PSMA-PET scans and radioligand treatment efficacy. Methods: Daro-PET (NCT05900973) is a single-arm phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy of a limited course of darolutamide as a PSMA expression enhancer in men planned for radical prostatectomy due to high-risk localized prostate cancer as per conventional imaging. PSMA PET/CT scans will be acquired before (PSMA-PET 1) and after (PSMA-PET 2) a 7-day treatment with darolutamide 600 mg PO q12 h. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients achieving an increase in SUVmax of 20% or greater from PSMA-PET 1 to PSMA-PET 2. Key secondary endpoints include other PSMA PET parameters (e.g. SUVmean, Total lesion PSMA), proportion of planned management changes, detection of pelvic or extrapelvic metastatic disease, and safety. Correlative exploratory studies will include PSMA expression by immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and methylation patterns between tissue samples from prostate biopsy and prostatectomy. The trial will enroll up to 16 patients using a Simon’s two-stage design, with a power of 0.80 and a one-sided alpha error of 0.05. As of September 20th, 1 patient was included in the study. Clinical trial information: NCT05900973 .
Efficacy of perioperative pembrolizumab treatment in patients with resectable metastases from kidney cancer: The PE-PE study.
Authors: Iacovelli Roberto , Fantinel Emanuela , Bimbatti Davide , Buti Sebastiano , Bonomi Lucia , Rizzo Mimma , Accettura Caterina , Buttigliero Consuelo , Massari Francesco , Santoni Matteo , Zucali Paolo Andrea , Zanardi Elisa , Mosca Alessandra , Primi Francesca , Spina Francesco , Procopio Giuseppe , Bracarda Sergio , Calabrò Fabio , Antonuzzo Lorenzo , Ciccarese Chiara
Published: January 2024

TPS495

Background: Radical metastasectomy and other local treatment strategies (including definitive radiotherapy, RT) can be carried out instead of systemic therapies for selected metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients (pts) with the aim of healing the patient even in an advanced disease stage. Recent data suggests a potential benefit from perioperative immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as shown by the significant efficacy of adjuvant pembrolizumab in the M1 NED subgroup of the KEYNOTE-564 trial. Moreover, important activity of a short course of pembrolizumab has been demonstrated also in oligometastatic mRCC pts in combination with stereotactic ablative RT in the RAPPORT study. To date, no randomized trial has evaluated the concomitant use of pembrolizumab with surgery or definitive RT in mRCC compared to local therapy alone, which is the aim of our study. Methods: PE-PE study (NCT05578664) is a randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy of pembrolizumab in delaying tumor progression in pts with oligometastatic mRCC who are candidates for radical surgery and/or definitive RT of the metastases. Eligible pts should have undergone previous nephrectomy and have maximum three metastases considered eligible for radical metastasis directed therapy (MDT; either metastasectomy or RT) and new disease must have appeared within 5 years from prior nephrectomy or metastasectomy. Pts will be randomized 2:1 to receive pembrolizumab at flat dose of 400 mg every six weeks for a total of 9 cycles (one year of therapy) and MDT from day 21 to day 42 of the cycle 1 (ARM A); or MDT alone within 42 days from randomization (ARM B). The primary endpoint is to assess the relapse free survival (RFS) defined as the length of time from randomization to the appearance of radiological progression in pts who receive pembrolizumab compared to those who do not. Secondary endpoints include: distant RFS (defined as the time from randomization to the appearance of distant metastases other those treated with surgery or RT), overall survival, and safety. Exploratory biomarkers analysis will be performed. The trial is actively recruiting. Clinical trial information: NCT05578664 .
Guiding adjuvant instillation in intermediate-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer by drug screens in patient-derived organoids.
Authors: Egger Martin , De Menna Marta , Lyatoshinsky Pavel , Blarer Jennifer , Hösli Raphael , Abt Dominik , Seiler Roland
Published: January 2024

TPS711

Background: Recurrence rates in intermediate risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are high and therefore, clinical guidelines recommend adjuvant instillations. However, the exact regimen with an exact number of instillations and the chemotherapeutic agent to be used are not clearly defined. During the last years we have established a standardized pipeline to generate patient-derived organoids (PDO) from cold cup biopsies of NMIBC. We showed that the subsequent organoids maintain key features of the parental tumor and share the molecular landscape. Moreover, our pipeline allows to investigate drug response to different agents in a standardized manner. Methods: In this ongoing, open-label, single center phase II trial, we aim to use drug screens in PDO of patients with intermediate risk NMIBC to guide drug selection for intravesical instillation. Patients with diagnosis of intermediate-risk NMIBC are enrolled. PDO are generated from biopsies prior transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. On the generated PDO drug response is determined to four chemotherapeutic agents that have already been used for bladder instillations in the literature (Epirubicin, Mitomycin C, Gemcitabine and Docetaxel). The most effective drug is selected for adjuvant instillation into the bladder once weekly for 6 instillations. The follow-up thereafter is performed according to European guidelines. The primary endpoint of the study is to determine the proportion of patients for which a specific selection of chemotherapeutic agent for intravesical instillation can be determined by using drug screens in PDOs. Secondary endpoints are recurrence- and, progression free survival, quality of life and translational studies. The null hypothesis, that a drug prediction will only be possible in 65% of patients, will be tested against a one-sided alternative. Assuming that the real proportion is 85%, 31 participants should show a statistically significant result at 5% significance and 80% power (exact binomial test). Due to early termination of 10%, a total number of 34 patients will be included. We are successfully conducting a trial to implement drug screens in PDO into daily routine and to guide patient treatment. This is a novel concept to precise treatment selection in patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC. When the primary endpoint is met, a modification of the trial with larger sample size, novel compounds and a focus oncological outcomes is foreseen. Clinical trial information: NCT05024734 .
Chief Topinabee: Using Tribal Memories to Better Understand American (Indian) History—Nwi Yathmomen—We Will Tell Our Story
Authors: Low John
Published: January 2024

Chief Topinabee was born around 1758 in his father’s village on the Saint Joseph River, in what is now southwest Michigan. He probably died on 29 July 1826 near present-day Niles, Michigan. A complicated leader of his village, he may have fought at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, certainly was a signatory to the Treaty of Greenville the next year, appears to have become an ally of Tecumseh and his intertribal confederacy at Prophetstown, may have been a participant in the Battle of Fort Dearborn in 1812, and served as a leader of strategic resistance to settler domination. The usual narrative is that Topinabee was a great warrior and leader of his people who in the last years of his life degenerated into a hapless drunkard and accommodationist. But is that a fair depiction of him? This essay is a celebration of ethnohistory and the paths it has cleared for the use of nontraditional sources of information. The article is based largely on access to a family archive that provides a counternarrative to the usual biography of Topinabee and allows for a fuller understanding of him as a leader and a person.
The Great Flood of the Eleventh Century and the Migration of the Aztec-Mexica and the Anahuac Peoples
Authors: Morales Erik Damián Reyes
Published: January 2024

This work relies on the proposal that Aztlan was on the same islets of Texcoco Lake where Mexica founded Mexico-Tenochtitlan, that Teocolhuacan was where Iztapalapa town is today and that the Aztec-Mexica migration happened in the context of the great flood of the eleventh century. Based on human geography, this article aims to take a step forward and test this proposal by developing the migration routes that the Aztec-Mexica and the eight peoples that walked with them, according to the Tira de la peregrinación, might have followed. From the analysis carried out, this essay proposes that these peoples walked south and split themselves in the valleys of Cuauhtla or Cuernavaca. From there, this work suggests migration routes for these eight peoples and argues that most of them came back to the Anahuac Valley because of the high political value of this territory. Finally, this article locates the migrations of the Toltec, Colhua, Chichimeca, Acolhua, and Otomi in the context of the flood and provides a general panorama of the migratory process that this natural catastrophe could have caused. This examination reinforces the claim that the Aztec-Mexica were in the Anahuac Valley in Toltec times.
The Nurture of Nature and the Nature of Nurture: How Genes and Investments Interact in the Formation of Skills
Authors: Houmark Mikkel Aagaard , Ronda Victor , Rosholm Michael
Published: January 2024

This paper studies the interplay between genetics and family investments in the process of skill formation. We model and estimate the joint evolution of skills and parental investments throughout early childhood. We document three genetic mechanisms: the direct effect of child genes on skills, the indirect effect of child genes via parental investments, and family genetic influences captured by parental genes. We show that genetic effects are dynamic, increase over time, and operate via environmental channels. Our paper highlights the value of integrating biological and social perspectives into a single unified framework. (JEL I24, I26, J12, J13, J24)
Electronic educational resource Microbiology, virology and immunology
Authors: Sergeev Alexander , Litusov Nikolay , Voroshilina Ekaterina , Kozlov Alexey , Grigoryeva Yulia , Zornikov Danila , Petrov Vasily , Ustyuzhanin Alexander , Nikulina Nelli , Smirnova Tatyana , Proshchenko Daria , Sineva Natalia , Fadeev Fedor , Malchikov Igor
Published: January 2024

"The electronic educational resource has been prepared as information support for the independent work of students, residents and graduate students mastering the main educational programs of higher professional education of the enlarged group of specialties Healthcare, developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education and Professional Standards and providing for the formation of knowledge in microbiology and virology and immunology. The electronic educational resource provides information on the morphology, physiology, genetics, ecology of microorganisms, the basics of infectology and the epidemiology of infectious diseases. Each section is accompanied by control questions and practice tests. The manual contains extensive illustrative material that contributes to the assimilation of the issues under study. The electronic educational resource will help in the work of students, residents and graduate students both directly in practical classes and in preparation for classes, tests and exams."
E-learning course "Chemistry"
Authors: Belokonova Nadezhda , Ermishina Elena , Kataeva Natalya , Naronova Natalia , Golitsyna Kristina
Published: January 2024

The electronic training course ""Chemistry"" was created as an auxiliary resource to accompany the chemistry curriculum for the specialties of General Medicine, Pediatrics, and Dentistry. The purpose of studying the course is to form ideas about the structure and transformations of organic and inorganic substances that underlie life processes and influence these processes, in direct connection with the biological functions of these compounds. Course objectives: - formation of knowledge and skills about the basic laws of thermodynamics and bioenergy; about the structure and chemical properties of bioorganic compounds and their derivatives; - formation of knowledge necessary when considering the physical and chemical essence of processes occurring in the human body at the molecular and cellular levels; - developing the ability to carry out, when necessary, calculations of the parameters of these processes, which will allow a deeper understanding of the functions of individual systems of the body and the body as a whole, as well as its interaction with the environment; - training of a specialist who has a sufficient level of knowledge, skills, abilities, and is able to think independently and be interested in research work. The labor intensity of the course is 108 hours. The course consists of 3 didactic units. Each course topic contains theoretical material, a practice test to test your understanding of the theory, and a final test. Each final test on a topic is equivalent to a control event according to a point-rating system. Laboratory work is presented in the form of a video file and a test for it. In this way, an electronic form of completing a report for laboratory work is carried out. The materials presented in the course can be used by teachers as basic when testing students or as additional to those methodological developments that are currently used at the department.
Electronic educational course Parasite Invasions
Authors: Sabitov Alebai , Khamanova Yuliya , Sharova Anna , Soldatov Dmitriy
Published: January 2024

The Electronic educational course Parasite Invasions was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education in the specialty 31.05.01 General Medicine (specialty level) and taking into account the requirements of the professional standard 02.009 General Practitioner (Local Physician). The purpose of studying the course is for students to master the necessary amount of theoretical and practical knowledge on parasitic infestations necessary for the formation of competencies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education in the specialty General Medicine, the ability and readiness to perform labor functions required by the professional standard of General Practitioner. Course objectives: to study the etiology and pathogenesis of parasitic diseases; train students in the diagnosis of the most important clinical syndromes in parasitic diseases; train students to create a differential diagnostic algorithm if a parasitic disease is suspected; train students in choosing the optimal etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment of major parasitic diseases; training in dispensary observation and rehabilitation of patients during the recovery period; - develop in students the ability to compile a medical history (outpatient card) with a record in it of the rationale for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and epicrisis. The course contains up-to-date information on the epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of parasitic infestations.
Electronic training manual "Acute poisoning with gaseous toxicants"
Authors: Sentcоv Valentin , Reutov Andrei , Kuzmin Vyacheslav
Published: January 2024

The widespread use of dichloroethane, hydrogen tetrachloride, trichlorethylene in various sectors of modern industry and the high (up to 50%) mortality rate in case of poisoning with these toxicants indicate the need for increased attention to the understanding and treatment of poisonings with these toxicants. The very widespread use of chlorine and ammonia in large cities for various activities creates an increased risk to the health of the population of large and small cities and towns. This electronic educational resourse consists of six theoretical educational modules: acute poisoning with dichloroethane, acute poisoning with carbon tetrachloride, acute poisoning with trichlorethylene, acute poisoning with chlorine, acute poisoning with ammonia, acute injuries with irritants. The theoretical block of modules is presented by presentations, the text of lectures with illustrations. Control classes in the form of test control accompany each theoretical module. After studying all modules, the student passes the final test control. Mastering the electronic educational resourse will ensure a high level of readiness to provide specialized toxicological care by doctors of various specialties.
Electronic training manual "Particular issues of toxicology for anesthesiologists and resuscitators"
Authors: Sentcоv Valentin , Reutov Andrei , Kuzmin Vyacheslav
Published: January 2024

This series presents the conditions most frequently encountered in the structure of acute poisoning. The relevance is justified by the high lethality of these poisonings and the frequency of spread among the working population. Competent and timely diagnosis, hospitalization in a specialized hospital and previously started treatment greatly increases the patient’s chances of life and its further quality. This electronic educational resourse consists of nine theoretical educational modules: general issues of clinical toxicology, poisoning with barbituric acid derivatives, opioid poisoning, clonidine poisoning, ethanol poisoning, methanol poisoning, ethylene glycol poisoning, vinegar essence poisoning, positional compression syndrome. The theoretical block of modules is presented by presentations, the text of lectures with illustrations. Control classes in the form of test control accompany each theoretical module. After studying all modules, the student passes the final test control. Mastering the electronic educational resourse will ensure a high level of readiness for the provision of specialized toxicological care by resident anesthesiologists-resuscitators and doctors of various specialties.
Electronic educational resource (EOR) "Module. Diabetes mellitus in children"
Authors: Vakhlova Irina , Zaikova Irina , Kiyaev Alexey , Ibragimova Yulia
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus occupies a leading place in the pathology of the endocrine system in children and adolescents and remains one of the most urgent health problems in most countries. In the last decade, the annual incidence of type 1 diabetes in children has shown a significant increase both in Russia and around the world. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), it is increasing by 3% per year. In addition, in all European countries there is a "phenomenon of rejuvenation of diabetes" - an increase in the proportion of children who first fell ill with type 1 diabetes at a younger age: 25-30% up to 4 years of age; up to 80% - from 6 months to 9 years. The annual incidence of type 1 diabetes in children (0-14 years old) in the Sverdlovsk region over the past decade (2006-2017) has almost doubled: from 12.2 cases per 100 thousand children in 2006 to 23 ,7 in 2017 and occupies one of the leading places in the Russian Federation in this indicator. More than 200 children with type 1 diabetes are diagnosed per year, of which about 75% of children who become ill for the first time are under the age of 9 years. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by complete insulin dependence, severe course, early formation of specific complications that lead to a decrease in the quality and life expectancy. Unfortunately, in more than 70% of cases, DM is diagnosed at the stage of ketoacidosis, which requires urgent measures. The main reason for the late diagnosis of this disease is the lack of "diabetic alertness" among pediatricians and AFP physicians. The foregoing obliges a wide range of doctors, including pediatricians, to know the clinical and laboratory criteria for diagnosis, modern methods of monitoring and managing diabetes, possible complications and outcomes of the disease, and be able to provide emergency care. Timely diagnosis, self-monitoring, regular monitoring, prevention of complications is an opportunity to improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes.
e-learning course "Informatics"
Authors: Sokolovsky Dmitry , Sokolov Sergey , Rezaykin Alexey
Published: January 2024

The e-learning course "Informatics" is compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the specialty 33.05.01 Pharmacy (specialty level), approved by Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 11, 2016 No. 1037, and taking into account the requirements of the professional standard 02.006 "Pharmacist", approved by order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection No. 91n of the Russian Federation dated March 9, 2016. The purpose of the course is to master the necessary amount of theoretical and practical knowledge in computer science for graduates to master competencies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education, capable and ready to perform the work functions required by the professional standard. Course objectives: to provide knowledge about the rules of working with spreadsheets; to provide knowledge about working in medical information systems and the Internet information and telecommunications network; to provide skills in working with computer science software and hardware used at various stages of obtaining and analyzing biomedical information; to learn how to use the knowledge gained to solve problems of pharmaceutical and biomedical content. The labor intensity of the course is 72 hours. The course consists of 12 didactic units.
Information technologies in pedagogy: the information educational environment of the Medical University
Authors: Tkachenko Tatyana , Silchuk Evgeny , Neupokoeva Lidiya , Shestakova Anastasia , Berthold Natalia , Pasko Olesya , Koloman Igor , Shaforostova Anastasia , Syskov Dmitry , Tuzlukova Svetlana
Published: January 2024

The electronic educational resource is designed for teachers to master the theoretical foundations and practical skills of using information technology in the educational process and education management, as well as the application of various models of e-learning (EE) and distance learning technologies (DOT) in teaching practice. The electronic educational resource provides for the study of the regulatory framework governing the use of information and distance learning technologies in the education system. Formation and improvement of skills in using the tools of the digital educational environment of the medical university in the context of the transformation of distance learning. The course contains 2 modules MODULE 1. Information technology in education management. MODULE 2. Information technology in the educational process
True, Untrue, Valid, Invalid, Provable, Unprovable
Authors: Weber Zach
Published: January 2024

There are many approaches to paraconsistency, ranging from the very moderate to the more radical. In this paper I explore and extend the more radical end of the spectrum, where there are truth-value gluts. In particular I will look at paraconsistent metatheory – the machinery of truth, validity, and proof  as developed in a glut-friendly paraconsistent setting. The aim is to evaluate the philosophical and technical tenability of such an approach. I will show that there are very significant technical challenges to face on this sort of radical approach, but that there is good philosophical support for facing these challenges.
Tożsamość laikatu - zadania i wyzwania
Authors: Kurosz Jolanta
Published: January 2024

Tożsamość laikatu, podobnie jak prezbitera ma swoje źródło w Trójcy Świętej i ujawnia się w tajemnicy Kościoła. Tożsamość wiernych jest dla świeckich nieodłącznym elementem tożsamości laikatu – ad extra, zaś dla prezbiterów nieodłącznym elementem tożsamości kapłańskiej – ad intra. Apostolstwo stanowi specyficzny rys tożsamości laikatu, które przejawia się w realizacji powołania w Kościele oraz w świecie. Służba człowiekowi i społeczeństwu oraz uczestnictwo w posługach realizowanych w wymiarze misji kapłańskiej, prorockiej i królewskiej Chrystusa domaga się współpracy świeckich z kapłaństwem hierarchicznym. W obecnych czasach konieczna jest pastoralna promocja laikatu.
Participation vs. Effectiveness in Sponsored Tweet Campaigns: A Quality-Quantity Conundrum
Authors: Peng Jing , Van den Bulte Christophe
Published: January 2024

We investigate the participation and effectiveness of paid endorsers in sponsored tweet campaigns. We manipulate the financial pay rate offered to endorsers on a Chinese paid endorsement platform, where payouts are contingent on participation rather than engagement outcomes. Hence, our design can distinguish between variation in participation and variation in outcomes, even if people select to endorse only specific tweets. Also, the lack of compensation for effort allows one to attribute differences in outcomes to precontractual selection rather than postcontractual behavior. The main finding is that endorsers exhibited adverse selection. Several observed and unobserved endorser characteristics associated with a higher propensity to participate had a negative association with being an effective endorser given participation. This adverse selection results in a conundrum when trying to recruit a sizable number of high-quality endorsers. Only 9.5%–11.8% of the endorsers were above the median in both the propensity to participate and the propensity to be effective compared to a benchmark of 25% in the absence of any association. A simulation analysis of various targeting approaches that leverages our data of actual endorsements and outcomes shows that targeting candidate endorsers by scoring and ranking them using models taking into account adverse selection on observables improves campaign outcomes by 13%–55% compared to models ignoring adverse selection.

This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing.

Funding: This project was made possible by financial support extended to J. Peng through a Penn Lauder Center for International Business Education & Research PhD Grant and a Wharton Baker Retailing Center PhD Research Grant.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.01897 .
Microplastic Contamination of Rainwater on the Highway with Different Elevations in Yogyakarta Province Indonesia
Authors: Gunawan Almaida Khansa , Utami Inggita , Andini Maydiana Ayu , Zahra Safa Auli
Published: January 2024

Abrasion of vehicle tires produced on highways on the imaginary line of Yogyakarta from Bantul up to Sleman Regency with different elevations has the potential to be a source of microplastics in the air and can contaminate rainwater. This study aims to determine the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in rainwater that falls on highways with different elevations in Yogyakarta Province. The study began with determining the sampling point and taking rainwater samples on the highway around Bantul Market, Tugu Monument, and Kaliurang km 14. Eight samples on different days were taken at each sampling point, as much as 250 mL/sample. Rainwater samples were filtered, microplastic abundance was calculated (particles/L), and grouped based on the shape, color, size, and polymer type. The content of microplastics on highways at different elevations in Yogyakarta Province was not significantly different, with an abundance range ranging from 200 to 484 particles/L. Vehicle density, light intensity, air temperature, and wind speed correlated with the abundance of microplastics in rainwater. The dominant characteristic is black fiber, 101-500 µm, and polyisoprene. Microplastics in rainwater that fell on the highways of Yogyakarta Province with varying elevations did not have different abundances but had the same characteristics.
Bedding material for dairy cows: effect on udder health and milk quality
Authors: Manning Al
Published: January 2024

Bedding materials are often considered as part of a mastitis investigation. Dry matter content and bacteriological counts provide useful insight into bedding quality, and coliform counts of >1 000 000 cfu/g are associated with an increased risk of mastitis. Recycled manure solids bedding tends to have lower dry matter content and higher bacterial counts, relative to other organic or inorganic materials. Despite this finding, there is no clear association between bedding type and mastitis risk. This suggests that other management factors are also important in controlling infections on farm. When investigating a mastitis outbreak, bedding analysis may be useful alongside wider assessment of farm management and environment.
Solid rocket motor propellant health monitoring based on oxide-doped curved long-period fiber grating
Authors: Zhang Yunshan , Mu Congying , Fan Li , Wu Dan , Liang Jiqiu , Hu Xiafen , Wang Yunxin , Wang Dayong , Hu Shuyang
Published: January 2024

A kind of curved long-period fiber grating(CLPFG) engraved by CO2 laser based on oxide-doped fiber was designed to monitor the structural integrity of propellant. The mechanical damage characteristics of the propellant were analyzed. The sensor model is constructed and the refractive index modulation characteristics of the CLPFG are analyzed. The strain coupling characteristics and the strain transfer efficiency of the interface between the CLPFG and the propellant are clarified. Propellant modules with implanted CLPFG were fabricated. The novel grating sensor has been effectively coated and structurally packaged. Conducted experiments on strain and temperature of propellant modules. The large strain measurement of propellant from 0 με to 24000 με is realized. Solved the thorny problem of large strain measurement for propellants. In addition, the temperature discrimination measurement in the temperature range of 30 ℃ to 250 ℃ can be realized. Sensor exhibit extremely high stability characteristics and has good compatibility with propellants. The sensor implantation and extraction structure has been designed to improve the survival rate of the sensor inside the solid rocket motors (SRM). Sensors can accurately measure the mechanical and thermal state parameters of propellants, providing effective data support for the health management of SRM.
Enhancing vascular network visualization in 3D photoacoustic imaging: in vivo experiments with a vasculature filter
Authors: Amjadian Mohammadreza , Mostafavi Seyed Masood , Chen Jiangbo , Zhu Jingyi , Ma Jun , Luo Zhengtang , Wang Lidai
Published: January 2024

Filter-based vessel enhancement algorithms facilitate the extraction of vascular networks from medical images. Traditional filter-based algorithms struggle with high noise levels in images with false vessel extraction, and a low standard deviation (σ) value may introduce gaps at the centers of wide vessels. In this paper, a robust technique with less sensitivity to parameter tuning and better noise suppression than other filter-based methods for two-dimensional and three-dimensional images is implemented. In this study, we propose a filter that employs non-local means (NLM) for denoising, applying the vesselness function to suppress blob-like structures and filling the gaps in wide vessels without compromising edge quality or details. Acoustic resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM) systems generate high-resolution volumetric photoacoustic images, but their vascular structure imaging suffers from out-of-focal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and lateral resolution loss. Implementing a synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) based on a virtual detector (VD) improves out-of-focal region resolution and SNR. Combining the proposed filter with the SAFT algorithm enhances vascular structural imaging in AR-PAM systems. The proposed method is robust and applicable for animal tissues with less error of vasculature structure extraction in comparison to traditional fliter-based methods like Frangi and Sato filter. Also, the method is faster in terms of processing speed and less tuning parameters. We applied the method to a digital phantom to validate our approach and conducted in vivo experiments to demonstrate its superiority for real volumetric tissue imaging.
Four-parameter model of thin surface layer contribution to reflectance-absorbance spectroscopy and ellipsometry
Authors: Michailov Alexander , Povolotskiy Alexey , Kuzmin Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The contribution of the surface layer to the reflection coefficients is shown to be determined by four surface integral values, which can be interpreted as real and imaginary parts of two complex permittivity excesses. The reflectance-absorbance spectra are determined by the spectra of these parameters. The spectra of the surface excess integrals cannot be found with the angular measurements of reflection-absorption spectra, which are determined by only three angular dependent terms. To determine these four surface excess integrals, it is necessary to involve the experimental data of spectroscopic ellipsometry or polarization-modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy providing equivalent information about surface. In the case of weakly absorbing bulk medium, the real parts of the excesses can be neglected, permitting calculation of their imaginary parts using the angular dependence of the absorbance. The calculation of these parameters allows to check consistency of the data obtained. Measurements of the angular dependence of the absorbance of p-polarized radiation reflected from the DPPC monolayer upon distilled water were performed. The data obtained turned to be in good agreement with the proposed theoretical analysis.
Enhancing surface sensing performance of cascaded high contrast gratings using bound states in the continuum
Authors: Zhang Chendong , Liu Xiuhong , Hu Jinhua , Han Haiyan
Published: January 2024

We proposed the cascaded high contrast grating (CHCG) structure to enhance surface sensing capabilities through bound states in the continuum (BICs). Utilizing the finite element method (FEM) and rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), we studied the dispersion relations, far-field contribution CHCGs, and near-field distributions of BICs corresponding to resonance peaks at different wavelengths. Results demonstrate the ability to precisely control symmetry-protected BIC (SP-BIC) and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC (FW-BIC) resonance peaks by altering incident angles and structural parameters, enhancing structure robustness and tunability. Significantly, modes 1 and 2 have demonstrated substantial enhancement in surface refractive index sensing, achieving highest sensitivities at 51 nm/RIU and the figure of merit reaching 490.8 RIU-1, indicating notable advancement in detecting subtle surface changes. In contrast, mode 3 has shown robust performance in bulk refractive index sensing, achieving a sensitivity of 602 nm/RIU and a figure of merit of 5189.65 RIU-1. These findings underscore the significant potential of the structure as a high-performance integrated sensor, particularly for precise environmental and biological monitoring in surface refractive index sensing.
Multiconfiguration afocal freeform telescopes
Authors: Bauer Aaron , Zhang Chi , Liu Yuxuan , Rolland Jannick P.
Published: January 2024

An approach to designing multiconfiguration afocal telescopes is developed and demonstrated. Freeform surfaces are used to maximize the achievable diffraction-limited zoom ratio while staying in a compact volume for a two-position multiconfiguration afocal optical system. The limitations of these systems with three-mirror beam paths are discussed and subsequently overcome by introducing an additional degree of freedom. In a four-mirror beam path system, the goal of a 5x zoom ratio is achieved with a compensated exit pupil and diffraction-limited performance. A significant benefit in optical performance when using freeform surfaces is shown compared to more conventional surface types.
Digitization method for a photonic analog-to-digital converter with phase-shifted optical quantization
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Qiu Jifang , Li Qiuyan , He Yijun , Tao Ran , Li Yan , Wu Jian
Published: January 2024

This Letter proposes a novel, to the best of our knowledge, matrix digitization method for a photonic analog-to-digital converter with phase-shifted optical quantization (PSOQ-ADC). This method overcomes the issues of excessive bit width of the output code and the generation of invalid codes encountered by the traditional direct digitization method. A PSOQ-ADC was fabricated on a lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform, and an experimental platform was built. The results show that RF signals at 1/2/5 GHz, which were sampled by a 50GS/s optical pulse train, were digitized successfully with the matrix digitization method, producing 5-bit codes without invalid codes. In comparison, the direct digitization method yields 10-bit codes, and as the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) decreases, the ratio of invalid codes increases in the direct digitization method; even with Hamming distance correction, its effective number of bits (ENOB) remains smaller than that of the matrix digitization.
Saturable absorption properties and ultrafast photonics applications of HfS3
Authors: Li Lu , Xue Ze , Pang Lihui , Xiao Xusheng , Yang Huiran , Zhang Jinniu , Zhang Yaming , Zhao Qiyi , Liu Wenjun
Published: January 2024

In this Letter, we focus on investigating the ultrafast photonics applications of two-layer HfS3 nanosheets. We prepared two-layer HfS3 nanosheets and carried out experiments to study their nonlinear saturable absorption properties. The results showed that the two-layer HfS3-based saturable absorber exhibited a modulation depth of 16.8%. Additionally, we conducted theoretical calculations using first principles to estimate the structural and electronic band properties of the two-layer HfS3 material. Furthermore, we utilized the two-layer HfS3 materials as SAs in an erbium-doped fiber cavity to generate mode-locked laser pulses. We measured a repetition frequency of 8.74 MHz, a pulse duration of 540 fs, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 77 dB. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the two-layer HfS3 material can serve as a reliable saturable absorber, possessing properties comparable to currently used two-dimensional materials. This expands the application fields of HfS3 materials and highlights their potential for advanced optoelectronic devices.
Emergence and spread of the barley net blotch pathogen coincided with crop domestication and cultivation history
Authors: Taliadoros Demetris , Feurtey Alice , Wyatt Nathan , Barrès Benoit , Gladieux Pierre , Friesen Timothy L. , Stukenbrock Eva H.
Published: January 2024

Fungal pathogens cause devastating disease in crops. Understanding the evolutionary origin of pathogens is essential to the prediction of future disease emergence and the potential of pathogens to disperse. The fungusPyrenophora teresf.terescauses net form net blotch (NFNB), an economically significant disease of barley. In this study, we have used 104P.teresf.teresgenomes from four continents to explore the population structure and demographic history of the fungal pathogen. We showed thatP.teresf.teresis structured into populations that tend to be geographically restricted to different regions. Using Multiple Sequentially Markovian Coalescent and machine learning approaches we demonstrated that the demographic history of the pathogen correlates with the history of barley, highlighting the importance of human migration and trade in spreading the pathogen. Exploring signatures of natural selection, we identified several population-specific selective sweeps that colocalized with genomic regions enriched in putative virulence genes, and loci previously identified as determinants of virulence specificities by quantitative trait locus analyses. This reflects rapid adaptation to local hosts and environmental conditions ofP.teresf.teresas it spread with barley. Our research highlights how human activities can contribute to the spread of pathogens that significantly impact the productivity of field crops.