bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Opportunities in Sustainable Serverless Computing
Authors: Sharma Prateek
Published: October 2023

Serverless computing has rapidly emerged as a popular deployment model. However, its energy and carbon implications are unclear and require exploration. This paper takes a look at the fundamental distinguishing attributes of serverless functions, and shows how some of them make energy-efficiency challenging. The programming model and deployment requirements of serverless functions makes them terribly energy inefficient---consuming more than 15× energy compared to conventional web services. On the bright side, FaaS is still actively expanding, and there is also an opportunity for rethinking FaaS resource management and deployment models, and make carbon efficiency a primary consideration. We present a few such techniques: moving functions to energy-friendly locations in distributed edge clouds; machine learning based modeling and control; and function-level demand response that combines ideas from approximate computing. Together, these represent a possible path forward to making serverless cloud computing sustainable.
MPEG Column: 137th MPEG Meeting (Virtual/Online)
Authors: Timmerer Christian
Published: October 2023

The original blog post can be found at the Bitmovin Techblog and has been modified/updated here to focus on and highlight research aspects.
Diversity and Inclusion in Focus at ACM IMX '22 and MMSys '22
Authors: De Moor Katrien , Farias Mylene , Vinayagamoorthy Vinoba , Daly Mark , Collingwoode-William Tara
Published: October 2023

The 13th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (and its associated workshops: MMVE 2022, NOSSDAV 2022, and GameSys 2022) took place from the 14th -- 17th of June 2022 in Athlone, Ireland. The week after, the ACM International Conference on Interactive Media Experiences took place in Aveiro, Portugal from the 22nd -- 24th of June. Both conferences are strongly committed to creating a diverse, inclusive and accessible forum to discuss the latest research on multimedia systems and the technology experiences they enable and have been actively working towards this goal over the last number of years.

While this is challenging in itself, demanding systematic and continuous efforts at various levels, the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic introduced even more challenges. As it has repeatedly been coined (and shown), restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on many scholars, such as female academics [1,2], caregivers [3], young scientists [4] and may have exacerbated existing inequalities [5], despite the increased participation possibilities introduced by fully online conferences.

The diversity and inclusion chairs of both IMX and MMSys were therefore highly motivated to adopt a set of measures aimed at stimulating the inclusion of underrepresented groups, offering various possibilities for participation, and raising awareness of diversity (and implications of a lack of diversity) for community development and research activities.
Sr2FeNi0.4Mo0.6O6−δ
Evolution for SOFC and SOEC Applications
Authors: Felli A. , Duranti L. , Marelli M. , Dosa M. , Di Bartolomeo E. , Piumetti M. , Boaro M.
Published: October 2023

Solid Oxide Cell electrode engineering is of paramount importance to obtain high performing, versatile and reliable devices. In this work, the structural and morphological evolution of Sr2FeNi0.4Mo0.6O6-δ
(SFNM) is investigated and fully characterized over subsequent temperature programmed reductions. Comparison of the results of X-ray diffraction, high transmission electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses confirms how metallic phase exsolution upon reduction endows the perovskite with highly active Ni-Fe-based catalytic sites for applications in hydrogen-fueled SOFCs. As a novelty, this study presents voltage-induced reduction of SFNM at 1.6 V as a fast and reliable way to induce morphological and structural changes of the SFMN-derivate exsolved-perovskite. This enhances its catalytic activity towards CO2 electrolysis in SOEC configuration, providing SFNM with a high versatility in solid oxide cells applications.
A DFT-based FD-KMC Simulation for Electrodeposition of Copper Nanoparticles on Carbon Electrode Surface
Authors: Ma Qiang , Mao Chaowei , Shi Hui , Chen Zhenqian , Zhang Hong , Su Huaneng , Xu Qian
Published: October 2023

Electrodeposition is often used to load catalysts onto electrode surfaces to enhance their electrochemical activity, thereby improving the performance of redox flow batteries. The kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method was used to successfully simulate the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles during the electrodeposition process. However, the reliability of KMC simulation results is closely related to the atomic kinetic parameters derived from quantum-scale calculations. Meanwhile, the electrochemical reaction behaviors during electrodeposition rely on the mass transport of electroactive ions near the electrode surface. To address these issues, density functional theory (DFT) was introduced to obtain the energy barriers required in the calculation of KMC. Simultaneously, the finite difference (FD) method was integrated into the KMC algorithm to provide the transient concentration distribution of the diffusion layer near the electrode surface. This DFT-based FD-KMC method was used to simulate the early stage of electrodeposition of copper (Cu) nanoparticles on carbon electrode surfaces and investigate the effects of bulk concentration and applied potential on the characteristics of deposition morphology of Cu nanoparticles. Additionally, carbon electrode surfaces with different defect site numbers were generated to reveal the influence of surface defect sites on the morphology of the deposited Cu nanoparticles during electrodeposition process.
Nanostructure of Si-Sn Thick-Film Electrodes to Improve the Energy Density of Oxide-Based All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Sugimoto Ryosuke , Inaba Minoru , Doi Takayuki
Published: October 2023

Charge and discharge characteristics of Si-Sn composite thick-film electrodes on a garnet-type solid electrolyte were studied systematically. Charge/discharge cycle performance of 0.1 μm-thick Si-Sn thin-film electrodes simply depended on the Si:Sn composition ratio, while the thick-film electrodes with a thickness of 1 μm delivered the most outstanding performance at a specific Si/Sn atomic ratio of 7:3. The Si7-Sn3 composite film had a unique nanostructure to promote the charge/discharge reactions of Si and to maintain the interfacial contact with the solid electrolyte. These results can provide a clue to the design of Si-based negative electrodes for all-solid-state lithium ion batteries with high energy density.
Muscle fiber phenotype: a culprit of abnormal metabolism and function in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity
Authors: Serrano Nathan , Hyatt Jon-Philippe K. , Houmard Joseph A. , Murgia Marta , Katsanos Christos S.
Published: October 2023

The proportion of the different types of fibers in a given skeletal muscle contributes to its overall metabolic and functional characteristics. Greater proportion of type I muscle fibers is associated with favorable oxidative metabolism and function of the muscle. Humans with obesity have a lower proportion of type I muscle fibers. We discuss how lower proportion of type I fibers in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity may explain metabolic and functional abnormalities reported in these individuals. These include lower muscle glucose disposal rate, mitochondrial content, protein synthesis, and quality/contractile function, as well as increased risk for heart disease, lower levels of physical activity, and propensity for weight gain/resistance to weight loss. We delineate future research directions and the need to examine hybrid muscle fiber populations, which are indicative of a transitory state of fiber phenotype within skeletal muscle. We also describe methodologies for precisely characterizing muscle fibers and gene expression at the single muscle fiber level to enhance our understanding of the regulation of muscle fiber phenotype in obesity. By contextualizing research in the field of muscle fiber type in obesity, we lay a foundation for future advancements and pave the way for translation of this knowledge to address impaired metabolism and function in obesity.
Phasic modulation of beta power at movement-related frequencies during visuomotor conflict
Authors: Wang Peng , Limanowski Jakub
Published: October 2023

Our results reveal an increased spectral power at movement frequencies in a rhythmic hand-target phase matching task under visuomotor conflict; this effect was strongest when incongruent visual movement feedback was required to guide action. Moreover, the phase of these slow frequencies coupled with the momentary power beta oscillations; again, this coupling was selectively strengthened when incongruent vision was task relevant.
Neuromuscular adaptations of swallowing and speech in unilateral cerebral palsy: shared and distinctive traits
Authors: Hahn Arkenberg Rachel E. , Mitchell Samantha S. , Craig Bruce Α. , Brown Barbara , Burdo-Hartman Wendy , Lundine Jennifer P. , Goffman Lisa , Smith Anne , Malandraki Georgia A.
Published: October 2023

Systematically studying the swallowing and speech of children with UCP is new and noteworthy. We found that they demonstrate neuromuscular adaptations for swallowing and speech compared with typically developing peers. We examined swallowing and speech using carefully designed tasks, similar in motor complexity, which allowed us to directly compare patterns. We found shared and distinctive neuromuscular patterns between swallowing and speech.
Identifying Effective Rock-Breaking Ratio Based on Rock Chip Information for Rock-Breaking Efficiency Evaluation of TBM
Authors: Zeng Chuigang , Yan Changbin , Li Gaoliu , Xu Xiao , Yang Fengwei , Su Weilin
Published: October 2023

The rock chip information (shape, size, and particle size distribution) could comprehensively reflect the characteristics of rock mass and rock-breaking efficiency of TBM. This study is aimed at defining a novel index (effective rock-breaking ratio,

P

r

) to identify the rock-breaking efficiency of TBM based on the rock chip information. To evaluate this approach, a series of field sieving and measuring tests of rock chips was conducted at the water conveyance tunnel construction projects of China. The rock-breaking efficiency evaluation and tunneling parameter improvement of TBM were researched based on

P

r

index. The results showed as follows: (1) from the perspective of energy conversion, the rock chip surface area was calculated through the rock chip cumulative volume distribution model.

P

r

is used to evaluate the rock-breaking efficiency of TBM based on the proportion of surface area of rock chips with particle size larger than 5 mm; (2)

P

r

has a good linear correlation with coarseness index (CI) and specific energy (SE), the higher the TBM tunneling efficiency, the larger

P

r

and CI values, the less SE values; (3)

P

r

increases at first and then decreases with the rise of thrust force of TBM. The optimal thrust force intervals for grade II and III surrounding rocks can be determined to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of TBM. Findings from this study are insightful in terms of accurately evaluating the excavation efficiency and improving the tunneling parameters of TBM.
Posture Risk Assessment and Workload Estimation for Material Handling by Computer Vision
Authors: Wang Ziao , Wang Weixing , Chen Jingxi , Zhang Xuzhuang , Miao Ziheng
Published: October 2023

Workers in material handling tasks often suffer from work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) caused by inaccurate work postures or the lifting of excessively heavy loads. Therefore, effective ergonomic assessment of workers is needed to improve worker productivity while reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This paper proposes a noninvasive method for evaluating posture risks and load analysis in manual material handling tasks. The study focuses on three main aspects: first, using 3D pose recognition technology to extract the 3D coordinates and joint angles of the human body. Second, the REBA method was improved by using fuzzy logic theory to more effectively capture the slow transition features of continuous movement by humans without abruptly altering risk scores, as well as to increase the accuracy and consistency of posture risk evaluation. Third, joint torque and workloads were estimated using biomechanical calculations by integrating pressure insoles and 3D joint coordinate data. Experiments show that this method can effectively evaluate posture risks and workloads in manual material handling tasks, with a correlation coefficient of 0.817 (p < 0.01) between fuzzy logic REBA and REBA and an error rate of 15% in estimating workloads of eight joints. This method can help reduce occupational health risks for workers and industries and improve work efficiency.
Improvement in the Stability of Cation (Si)/Anion (F or N) Codoped ZnO Thin-Film Transistors Formed via Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Hong Chaeseon , Kim Minjae , Lim Byeong-Min , Moon Sunil , Kang Keonwook , Kymissis Ioannis , Lee Hong-Sub , Park Hyung-Ho
Published: October 2023

The characteristics of cation (Si) and anion (F or N) codoped ZnO thin films formed via atomic layer deposition and corresponding device properties were investigated for different anion doping concentrations with a fixed Si doping amount. All films exhibited the (100) primary diffraction peak, indicating a hexagonal wurtzite structure. All codoped ZnO films exhibited the same effect of oxygen vacancy passivation, i.e., reduced oxygen vacancy. However, the electrical and optical characteristics of the films exhibited contrasting tendencies depending on the type of anion element. The optimized device properties, i.e., the subthreshold swing, field-effect mobility, threshold voltage, and bias stability were

6.62
E
−
01

 V/dec, 5.10 cm2/V·s, -11.16 V, and 6.32 V in the Si/F-19 condition and

5.98
E
−
01

 V/dec, 16.60 cm2/V·s, 1.07 V, and 0.14 V in the Si/N-19 condition, respectively. These characteristics were attributable to the correlation effects of the reduced interfacial trap density from Si doping and oxygen vacancy passivation from anion doping. Notably, the behavior of each anion was different in terms of the charge carrier concentration. First-principles calculations based on the density functional theory using the Vienna ab initio simulation package (VASP) code were performed to obtain valuable insights into the energy band structure in terms of the performance of the codoped ZnO films.
Protective Effect of Alkaline Mineral Water on Calcium Oxalate‐Induced Kidney Injury in Mice
Authors: Liu Lei , Lin Chen , Li Xiu , Cheng Yulan , Wang Rui , Luo Chao , Zhao Xinyuan , Jiang Zhitao
Published: October 2023

Background. Kidney stone disease induces chronic renal insufficiency by crystal‐induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury. It has been reported that the prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing, accompanied by the high recurrence rate. Alkaline mineral water has been reported to possess beneficial effects to attenuate inflammation. Here, we explored the potential protective effects and underlying mechanisms of alkaline mineral water against calcium oxalate‐induced kidney injury. Methods. We performed the mice kidney stone model by administering glyoxylate at 100 mg/kg once daily for 7 days. To assess the effects of alkaline mineral water on oxalate‐induced kidney injury, mice drank different water (distilled water, natural mineral water at pH = 8.0, as well as natural mineral water at pH = 9.3) for 7 days, respectively, followed by glyoxylate exposure. After collection, crystal formation, kidney injury and cell apoptosis, fibrosis, oxidative stress, as well as inflammation were measured. Results. Our results showed that glyoxylate treatment led to kidney crystal formation and fibrosis, which can be attenuated by drinking alkaline mineral water. Furthermore, alkaline mineral water also reduced kidney injury and cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Conclusion. Alkaline mineral water supplement prevents progression of glyoxylate‐induced kidney stones through alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation.
A Study of Deep Learning Neural Network Algorithms and Genetic Algorithms for FJSP
Authors: Shang Xiaofeng
Published: October 2023

Flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is a new research hotspot in the field of production scheduling. To solve the multiobjective FJSP problem, the production of flexible job shop can run normally and quickly. This research takes into account various characteristics of FJSP problems, such as the need to ensure the continuity and stability of processing, the existence of multiple objectives in the whole process, and the constant complexity of changes. It starts with deep learning neural networks and genetic algorithms. Long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) are combined in deep learning neural networks. The new improved algorithm is based on the combination of deep learning neural networks LSTM and CNN with genetic algorithm (GA), namely, CNN-LSTM-GA algorithm. Simulation results showed that the accuracy of the CNN-LSTM-GA algorithm was between 85.2% and 95.3% in the test set. In the verification set, the minimum accuracy of the CNN-LSTM-GA algorithm was 84.6%, both of which were higher than the maximum accuracy of the other two algorithms. In the FJSP simulation experiment, the AUC value of the CNN-LSTM-GA algorithm was 0.92. After 40 iterations, the F1 value of the CNN-LSTM-GA algorithm remained above 0.8, which was significantly higher than the other two algorithms. CNN-LSTM-GA is superior to the other two algorithms in terms of prediction accuracy and overall performance of FJSP. It is more suitable for solving the discrete manufacturing job scheduling problem with FJSP characteristics. This study significantly raises the utilisation rate of the assembly shop’s equipment, optimises the scheduling of FJSP, and fully utilises each processing device’s versatile characteristics, which are quite useful for the production processes of domestic vehicle manufacturing companies.
Investigation of the Impact of Leaching Agent Concentration and pH on the Stability of Agglomeration of Ion-Absorbed Rare Earth Deposits
Authors: Gao Zhongquan , Rao Yunzhang , Shi Liang , Zhang Xiaoming , Xiang Run
Published: October 2023

Ion-absorbed rare earth deposits react with the leaching agent during the in situ leaching process through ion exchange and hydration, which change the stability of ore agglomerates and even result in mining slopes or landslides. Indoor simulated column leaching assays were conducted on ion-absorbed rare earth deposit samples by using magnesium sulfate solution as the leaching solution. Surface zeta potential, double electric layer thickness, particle gradation, and pore structure were analyzed to measure the different concentrations and pHs of leaching solutions’ impact on the stability of ore agglomerates. Results show that the critical magnesium sulfate solution concentration and pH affecting the stability of deposit sample agglomerates are 3.5% and 4, respectively. The chemical replacement reaction between the leaching agent and rare earth ions occurs during column leaching when it reaches its zero-point potential at a pH of 3.5168. This breaks the balance between the van der Waals gravitational force and double-layer repulsion in clay particles and induces the disruption of agglomerates, which causes the difference in the pore radius ratio of the ore samples before and after column leaching. It is of great engineering guidance to solve the problems of slope instability and landslides that may occur in the ore body during the mining process of ionic rare earth ore.
Disparities in Glycemic Outcomes Persist in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes and High-Technology Use
Authors: Nath Meryl C. , Frey Blake , Atchison Joycelyn , Schmitt Jessica A.
Published: October 2023

Background. Racial disparities are well described in glycemic outcomes in youth with Type 1 diabetes mellites (T1D). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has some limitations in comparing glycemia across patient groups as there are individual variations in mean glucose and HbA1c. Objective. This study aimed to compare glycemic metrics obtained from (Dexcom G6) continuous glucose monitor (CGM) device with HbA1c levels controlling for race, age, duration of diabetes, race, insurance status, and insulin pump use with glycemic control. Subjects and Methods. Data analyzed included 188 patients, majority non-Hispanic White (NHW) (n = 147, 78.2%) and majority privately insured (n = 147, 78.2%). Half of the patients were using insulin pumps, (n = 94, 50.0%) and approximately half were female. Median age was 16.6 (interquartile range: 14.2–18.2) years old with a median age of diabetes diagnosis at 9.3-years old. Results. Significant differences were observed between NHW and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients in terms of HbA1c, 90-day mean glucose, and 90-day time >250 mg/dL (>13.9 mmol/L) (7.6% vs. 9.2%, 181 mg/dL vs. 220 mg/dL, and 16.3% vs. 34.7%, respectively,

p
<
0.001

for all comparisons). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict the influence of age, duration of diabetes, race, insurance status, and insulin administration on glycemic outcomes. Regression analysis revealed significant equations for all glycemic outcomes, demonstrating a strong correlation (

p
<
0.0001

,

p
=
0.0001

, and

p
<
0.0001

, respectively). However, after controlling for these variables, only race and duration of diabetes remained independently associated with glycemic outcomes, suggesting that these factors strongly influence glycemic control independent of age, sex, insurance, and pump use. Conclusion. Even in a subset of youth with T1D using CGM with high rates of insulin pump use, disparities in glycemic outcomes persist. When evaluating glycemic outcomes, race remained a significant cofactor despite controlling for age, duration of diabetes, sex, insurance status, and insulin administration type. These results add to the existing literature, and demonstrate race remains strong predictor of glycemic outcomes.
Forged Video Detection Using Deep Learning: A SLR
Authors: Munawar Maryam , Noreen Iram , Alharthi Raed S. , Sarwar Nadeem
Published: October 2023

In today’s digital landscape, video and image data have emerged as pivotal and widely adopted means of communication. They serve not only as a ubiquitous mode of conveying information but also as indispensable evidential and substantiating elements across diverse domains, encompassing law enforcement, forensic investigations, media, and numerous others. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology to meticulously investigate the existing body of knowledge. An exhaustive review and analysis of precisely 90 primary research studies were conducted, unveiling a range of research methodologies instrumental in detecting forged videos. The study’s findings shed light on several research methodologies integral to the detection of forged videos, including deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks, Deepfake analysis, watermarking networks, and clustering, amongst others. This array of techniques highlights the field and emphasizes the need to combat the evolving challenges posed by forged video content. The study shows that videos are susceptible to an array of manipulations, with key issues including frame insertion, deletion, and duplication due to their dynamic nature. The main limitations of the domain are copy-move forgery, object-based forgery, and frame-based forgery. This study serves as a comprehensive repository of the latest advancements and techniques, structured, and summarized to benefit researchers and practitioners in the field. It elucidates the complex challenges inherent to video forensics.
Assessing Predictive Ability of Dynamic Time Warping Functional Connectivity for ASD Classification
Authors: Liu Christopher , Fan Juanjuan , Bailey Barbara , Müller Ralph-Axel , Linke Annika
Published: October 2023

Functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) is a technique used to study the functional connectedness of distinct regions of the brain by measuring the temporal correlation between their blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals. fcMRI is typically measured with the Pearson correlation (PC), which assumes that there is no lag between time series. Dynamic time warping (DTW) is an alternative measure of similarity between time series that is robust to such time lags. We used PC fcMRI data and DTW fcMRI data as predictors in machine learning models for classifying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). When combined with dimension reduction techniques, such as principal component analysis, functional connectivity estimated with DTW showed greater predictive ability than functional connectivity estimated with PC. Our results suggest that DTW fcMRI can be a suitable alternative measure that may be characterizing fcMRI in a different, but complementary, way to PC fcMRI that is worth continued investigation. In studying different variants of cross validation (CV), our results suggest that, when it is necessary to tune model hyperparameters and assess model performance at the same time, a

K

-fold CV nested within leave-one-out CV may be a competitive contender in terms of performance and computational speed, especially when sample size is not large.
Advancing Pandemic Preparedness in Healthcare 5.0: A Survey of Federated Learning Applications
Authors: Hamood Alsamhi Saeed , Hawbani Ammar , Shvetsov Alexey V. , Kumar Santosh
Published: October 2023

The intersection of Federated Learning (FL) and Healthcare 5.0 promises a transformative shift towards a more resilient future, particularly concerning pandemic preparedness. Within this context, Healthcare 5.0 signifies a holistic approach to healthcare delivery, where interconnected technologies enable data-driven decision-making, patient-centric care, and enhanced efficiency. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of FL’s role within the framework of Healthcare 5.0 and its implications for the pandemic response. Specifically, FL offers the potential to revolutionize pandemic preparedness within Healthcare 5.0 in several vital ways: it enables collaborative learning from distributed data sources without compromising individual data privacy, facilitates decentralized decision-making by empowering local healthcare institutions to contribute to a collective knowledge pool, and enhances real-time surveillance, enabling early detection of outbreaks and informed responses. We start by laying out the concepts of FL and Healthcare 5.0, followed by an analysis of current pandemic preparedness and response mechanisms. We delve into FL’s applications and case studies in healthcare, highlighting its potential benefits, including privacy protection, decentralized decision-making, and implementation challenges. By articulating how FL fits into Healthcare 5.0, we envisage future applications in a technologically integrated health system. By examining current applications and case studies of FL in healthcare, we highlight its potential benefits, including enhanced privacy protection and more effective decision support systems. Our findings demonstrate that FL can significantly improve pandemic response times and accuracy. Moreover, we speculate on the potential scenarios where FL could enhance pandemic preparedness and make healthcare more resilient. Finally, we recommend that policymakers, technologists, and educators address potential challenges and maximize the benefits of FL in Healthcare 5.0. This paper aims to contribute to the discourse on next-generation healthcare technologies, emphasizing FL’s potential to shape a more resilient healthcare future.
Supplementary Figure S2 from High In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of BI-847325, a Dual MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor, in Human Solid and Hematologic Cancer Models
Authors: Vuaroqueaux Vincent , Musch Alexandra , Peille Anne-Lise , Kelter Gerhard , Weichert Loreen , Metz Thomas , Hendriks Hans R. , Fiebig Heinz-Herbert
Published: October 2023

Supplementary Figure S2 shows the relative body weights of the mice treated with BI-847325 as monotherapy (first in vivo experiment).
FIGURE 5 from High In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of BI-847325, a Dual MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor, in Human Solid and Hematologic Cancer Models
Authors: Vuaroqueaux Vincent , Musch Alexandra , Peille Anne-Lise , Kelter Gerhard , Weichert Loreen , Metz Thomas , Hendriks Hans R. , Fiebig Heinz-Herbert
Published: October 2023

In vivo antitumor growth efficacy of BI-847325 in combination with capecitabine. Combinations (simultaneously or sequentially) were compared with both monotherapies. A, Tumor growth curves are represented as the relative tumor volume (%) over time (days). Black curves: control vehicle 10 mL/kg/day on days 1–7. Blue curves: BI-847325 administered at 80 mg/kg/day on days 1, 8, and 15. Green curves: capecitabine 150 mg/kg/day on days 1–7. Red curves: BI-847325 administered at 80 mg/kg/day on days 1, 8, and 15 (h:1), plus capecitabine administered at 150 mg/kg/day on days 1–7 (h:0). Purple curves: capecitabine 150 mg/kg/day on day 1–7 plus BI-847325 80 mg/kg/day on days 8, 15, and 22. CXF 1103, colorectal cancer; GXA 3011 and GXA 3023, gastric cancer; MAXFTN 401, triple-negative mammary cancer. B, T/C values (%), relative tumor volume (RTV, %), and synergism index based on RTV. Rating of BI-847325 antitumor activity is defined in the Materials and Methods section.
Poroid Hidradenoma: Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Brooks Arrin , Morris Mariah , Cuda Jonathan , Rahimpour Armein , Munie Semeret
Published: October 2023

Poroid hidradenoma (PH) is a rare benign adnexal tumor of eccrine differentiation. It is the rarest of the four described variants of poroid neoplasms. PHs characteristically share a hybrid of the architectural features of the hidradenoma, namely, tumor cells are entirely intradermal with both solid and cystic components, and the cytologic characteristics of the poroid neoplasms, containing predominantly poroid and cuticular cells. Many published reports of PH since its original discovery in 1990 state that “very few” cases of PH can be found in the literature. Here, we have identified a total of 75 published accounts of PH, including the case presented here, as well as the associated patient demographics, lesion characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. We suggest that while uncommon, PH is likely not exceptionally rare and could be an underreported diagnosis.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Unilateral Deep Brain Stimulation Targeting the Caudal Zona Incerta in 13 Patients with Parkinsonian Tremor
Authors: Stenmark Persson Rasmus , Fytagoridis Anders , Ryzhkov Maxim , Hariz Marwan , Blomstedt Patric
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and other movement disorders. The ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus is considered as the target of choice for tremor disorders, including tremor-dominant PD not suitable for DBS in the subthalamic nucleus (STN). In the last decade, several studies have shown promising results on tremor from DBS in the posterior subthalamic area (PSA), including the caudal zona incerta (cZi) located posteromedial to the STN. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of unilateral cZi/PSA-DBS in patients with tremor-dominant PD. Methods: Thirteen patients with PD with medically refractory tremor were included. The patients were evaluated using the motor part of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) off/on medication before surgery and off/on medication and stimulation 1–2 years (short-term) after surgery and at a minimum of 3 years after surgery (long-term). Results: At short-term follow-up, DBS improved contralateral tremor by 88% in the off-medication state. This improvement persisted after a mean of 62 months. Contralateral bradykinesia was improved by 40% at short-term and 20% at long-term follow-up, and the total UPDRS-III by 33% at short-term and by 22% at long-term follow-up with stimulation alone. Conclusions: Unilateral cZi/PSA-DBS seems to remain an effective treatment for patients with severe Parkinsonian tremor several years after surgery. There was also a modest improvement on bradykinesia.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Prostate Treated with Frozen-Section Supported Robot-Assisted Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Stolzenbach Lara Franziska , Fankhauser Christian D. , Mattei Agostino , Würnschimmel Christoph
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) of the prostate are extremely rare. We report on a 60-year-old man who was diagnosed with prostatic SFT through transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate, and we provide a narrative literature review to put the case into perspective. We looked into multiple databases for articles published before June 2022. Case Report: A 60-year-old man without comorbidities presented with acute urinary retention and significant macrohematuria. Due to recurrent bladder tamponades and relevant blood loss despite irrigation, an emergency endoscopic transurethral evaluation was initiated. Intraoperatively, diffuse venous hemorrhage from prostatic vessels around the bladder neck was detected, as well as significant hemorrhage from a grossly enlarged and tumor-suspicious prostate middle lobe. Within the framework of extensive bipolar coagulation, parts of the suspicious middle lobe were removed via TUR. The final histopathology report showed incompletely resected SFT of the prostate. Due to the extremely rare SFT diagnosis, the case was discussed in an interdisciplinary tumor board and further diagnostic workup, including thoracoabdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis, was performed, which revealed no secondary tumors or signs of metastasis. According to the tumor board recommendation, robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with bilateral nerve sparing was performed, supported by intraoperative frozen section. The final histopathology confirmed the SFT that had developed from the transition zone. The SFT was resected with negative frozen section result and negative surgical margins (R0). No intra- and perioperative complications occurred, and in the short-term follow-up, the patient presented in excellent general status with full continence. From 1997 to June 2022, we identified a total of 12 publications reporting on treatment for prostatic SFT (11 case reports and 2 patient series), with none performing bilateral nerve sparing, frozen section, or robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. No common survival endpoints were accessible. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the exceedingly rare case of SFT of the prostate, which has been described in the literature in only 23 men worldwide. Here, we were the first to demonstrate the feasibility of bilateral nerve-sparing RARP supported by frozen section. A systematic review was not possible due to the lack of common endpoints.
HER2+ Early Breast Cancer: From Escalation via Targeted and Post-Neoadjuvant Treatment to De-Escalation
Authors: Graeser Monika , Gluz Oleg
Published: October 2023

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+, also referred to as ERBB2+) breast cancer is a subtype, historically associated with a particularly poor prognosis. Research into biological and molecular pathomechanisms of breast cancer has resulted in the development and adoption of several therapies targeting HER2. In parallel, various escalation/de-escalation strategies have been examined to further optimize patient outcomes and care. Summary: In this review, we highlighted the landmark trials in the evolution of treatment and management of HER2+ early breast cancer (eBC). Key Messages: Continuous research over the last two decades has gradually prolonged survival in patients with early HER2+ eBC. Incorporation of post-neoadjuvant setting into clinical practice improved long-term outcomes in high-risk patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy. In parallel, use of modern anti-HER2 agents may potentially allow omission of chemotherapy without compromising the survival in a significant number of selected patients. Current research focused on exploring the molecular heterogeneity of HER2+ breast cancer resulted in identification of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers which could pave the way toward the development of truly personalized therapy.
Evaluation of Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Clinical Research: A Systematic Review
Authors: Li Sara J. , Xia Eric , Drake Lara , Erickson Katherine , Ortega-Loayza Alex G. , Mostaghimi Arash
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, inflammatory dermatologic disease that, as a diagnosis of exclusion with nonspecific histologic features, is difficult to diagnose. As pharmaceutical interest in potential treatments for PG increases, the need for standardized diagnostic criteria to ensure reproducibility, comparability, and external validity of PG research is required. In this study, we aim to characterize the inclusion and exclusion criteria used in the diagnosis of PG in clinical research studies as well as the eligibility of PG in clinical trials. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to characterize the PG inclusion and exclusion criteria in research studies. An additional search of the USA and international clinical trials databases was conducted as well to capture eligibility criteria for PG trials. Results: Our study revealed a broad range of inclusion and exclusion criteria used to establish the presence or absence of PG. Based on eight distinct categories used to characterize inclusion criteria for research studies, diagnosis by a dermatologist (n = 25, 31.6%), no inclusion criteria listed (n = 21, 26.6%), and clinical and histopathologic features consistent with PG (n = 20, 25.3%) were most common. For current clinical trials, six categories were used to characterize inclusion criteria, of which clinical and histopathologic features consistent with PG (n = 5, 31.3%), identification based on diagnosis of PG (n = 4, 25.0%), and clinical features consistent with PG (n = 3, 18.8%) were the most common. Conclusion: This systematic literature review highlights the range of heterogeneity in diagnostic and eligibility criteria used in PG-directed clinical research and current clinical trials and illustrates the need for the development of consensus guidelines and a rigorous framework to enable high-quality future trials for PG.
KONTRIBUSI PEREMPUAN DALAM PERTANIAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN DAN PENGELOLAAN EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA MONCONGLOE BULU, KECAMATAN MONCONGLOE, KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Busthanul Nurbaya , Rukmana Didi , Mappatunru Wulan Ramadhani , Nadja Rahmawaty A , Saadah Saadah
Published: October 2023

Dalam upaya mewujudkan pertanian yang lebih baik, terdapat empat subsistem dalam agribisnis; subsistem input, subsistem on farm, subsistem output, dan subsistem penunjang, yang harus dijalankan secara maksimal. Salah satu pelaku pertanian yang posisinya kadang tersubordinasi dari kegiatan pertanian adalah perempuan. Keterlibatan perempuan memiliki peran yang besar dalam keluarga baik untuk kegiatan rumah tangga maupun kegiatan ekonomi yang menunjang pendapatan rumah tangga. Perempuan atau istri secara langsung maupun tidak langsung ikut terlibat dan bertanggung jawab dalam mengelola kegiatan usaha yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan kesejahteraan keluarga. Namun, perempuan umumnya dihargai dengan upah yang lebih rendah dibandingkan laki-laki. Seringkali upah yang dihasilkan perempuan untuk keluarga dianggap sebagai hasil kontribusi suami terhadap pendapatan keluarga. Hal ini dikarenakan perempuan seringkali dipandang sebagai orang kedua yang hanya membantu pasangan, berpendidikan rendah, dan memiliki keterbatasan keterampilan untuk menghasilkan kontribusi ekonomi bagi keluarga. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 48 pasangan suami istri yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi dan keterlibatan petani perempuan pada pendapatan dan pengelolaan ekonomi rumah tangga tani di Desa Moncongloe Bulu, Kabupaten Maros. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua domain; Sumberdaya dan Pendapatan, pada 5 Domains and 10 Indicators dari Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (5DE of WEAI) dengan data yang akan dihasilkan yaitu berupa data kualitatif dan kemudian akan di lanjutkan dengan perhitungan IKKG atau Indeks Kesetaraan dan Keadilan Gender dengan data yang dihasilkan berupa data kuantitatif agar data yang dihasilkan dapat lebih terukur. Pada indikator pertama dalam domain sumberdaya, kepemilikan atas aset, sebanyak 87,5% suami dan 81,33% istri yang terberdayakan, dan nilai IKKG<1. Indikator kedua pada domain sumberdaya, pembelian, penjualan, dan pengalihan aset, sebanyak 96,875% suami dan 62,5% istri yang terberdayakan, dan nilai IKKG<1. Indikator terakhir pada domain sumberdaya, akses dan keputusan mengenai kredit, sebanyak 87,5% suami dan 81,33% istri yang terberdayakan, dan nilai IKKG<1. Sedangkan pada indikator tunggal pada domain pendapatan, kontrol atas penggunaan pendapatan, sebanyak 96,875% suami dan 62,5% istri yang terberdayakan, dan nilai IKKG<1.
Separable processes for live “in-person” and live “zoom-like” faces
Authors: Zhao Nan , Zhang Xian , Noah J. Adam , Tiede Mark , Hirsch Joy
Published: October 2023

It has long been understood that the ventral visual stream of the human brain processes features of simulated human faces. Recently, specificity for real and interactive faces has been reported in lateral and dorsal visual streams, raising new questions regarding neural coding of interactive faces and lateral and dorsal face-processing mechanisms. We compare neural activity during two live interactive face-to-face conditions where facial features and tasks remain constant while the social contexts (in-person or on-line conditions) are varied. Current models of face processing do not predict differences in these two conditions as features do not vary. However, behavioral eye-tracking measures showed longer visual dwell times on the real face and also increased arousal as indicated by pupil diameters for the real face condition. Consistent with the behavioral findings, signal increases with functional near infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS, were observed in dorsal-parietal regions for the real faces and increased cross-brain synchrony was also found within these dorsal-parietal regions for the real In-person Face condition. Simultaneously, acquired electroencephalography, EEG, also showed increased theta power in real conditions. These neural and behavioral differences highlight the importance of natural, in-person, paradigms and social context for understanding live and interactive face processing in humans.
Gender and Civic Harmony in Erasmus’ Senatulus (The Council of Women)
Authors: Leushuis Reinier
Published: October 2023

The colloquy Senatulus (The Council of Women, 1529) depicts a group of women assembled in imitation of the female senate conducted by the mother of the emperor Heliogabalus. While the proclaimed goal is to correct gender inequality, they spend a disproportionate amount of time on seemingly trivial procedures of speaking and on matters of dress and etiquette. The colloquy seems another example of Erasmus’ ambiguous views on women, oscillating between clichés on female inferiority and advocacy for women’s education. This essay revisits this elusive question of Erasmus and gender. First, a comparison with Erasmus’ discussion of Heliogabalus’ female senate in Lingua (1525) and a reflection on the gender-blurring figure of Heliogabalus reveal how Erasmus challenges deceptively simple gender biases (female speaking as garrulous and excessive concern with appearance and decorum). Next, I show that by exploiting the dialogical strategies of speaking together in a political or social body and by rethinking the regulation of dress and etiquette accordingly, Erasmus reframes the woman’s role in the social fabric to account for a gender diversity that benefits a well-functioning polis while avoiding excesses that threaten civic harmony.
Four new species of anthuroids (Peracarida: Isopoda) from the temperate-tropical transition zone of the western coast of Baja California Peninsula, Mexico
Authors: JARQUÍN-MARTÍNEZ UBALDO , GÁLVEZ-ZEFERINO NEYSI , MORALES-ZÁRATE MARÍA VERÓNICA , SALINAS-ZAVALA CÉSAR AUGUSTO
Published: October 2023

In the Baja California Peninsula (BCP), the anthuroid fauna is little known, with six species reported from the western part. This study increases the taxonomic knowledge of Anthuroidea in a coastal lagoon in the temperate-tropical climate transition oceanic zone in the Mexican Pacific. A total of 18 samples were collected, fixed in 5% formalin, and preserved in 70% alcohol. Four new species were described, belonging to two families: Anthuridae, Amakusanthura lucinae sp. nov., Cortezura lluchbeldai sp. nov., Mesanthura cocoae sp. nov., and Paranthuridae, Colanthura guerreronegroensis sp. nov. This is an important contribution to the knowledge of the anthuroids of Mexico, but it also clearly shows the lack of knowledge of the group, as has been demonstrated in other taxonomic groups.
A catalog of Nemestrinidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Nemestrinoidea) from Chile
Authors: GONZÁLEZ CHRISTIAN R. , ELGUETA MARIO , CARVACHO CAMILA , PAÑINAO-MONSÁLVEZ LAURA , BARAHONA-SEGOVIA RODRIGO M.
Published: October 2023

A catalog of the Nemestrinidae from Chile is provided. Included are all valid names and synonyms for the 37 species and four genera from Chile, including information about the name, author, year of publication, page number, type species, type locality, and references. Trichophthalma Westwood is the most species-rich genus in Chile, with eighteen species, followed by Hyrmophlaeba Rondani, with twelve species. The geographical distribution of species was recorded from the examination of bibliographic data, label data on specimens in collections, and records of citizen science. Biological interactions are provided for each species when possible.
On a small collection of mysids (Crustacea, Peracarida, Mysida) from the southern Gulf of California, western Mexico, with the description of new species of Mysidium and Cubanomysis
Authors: HENDRICKX MICHEL E. , HERNÁNDEZ-PAYÁN JOSÉ CARLOS , GÓMEZ-GUTIERREZ JAIME
Published: October 2023

Four species of Mysida were collected in the southwestern Gulf of California, Mexico, including a new species of Mysidium (Mysidium), Metamysidopsis frankfiersi, Siriella gracilis, and a new species of Cubanomysis. The new species of Mysidium is the eleventh species in this genus, with species represented along both coasts of the Americas. It is the third species occurring in the eastern Pacific. The new species of Cubanomysis is the third species in this genus; the other two occur in California and in the western Atlantic.