bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthcare-associated pneumonia: a prospective study in Spain
Authors: Arnaíz de las Revillas Francisco , Sousa Dolores , Ardanuy Carmen , García-Vidal Carolina , Montejo Miguel , Rodríguez-Álvarez Regino , Pasquau Juan , Bouza Emilio , Oteo José A. , Balseiro César , Méndez Cristina , Lwoff Nadia , Llinares Pedro , Fariñas María Carmen ,   Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Coruña , Spain,   Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
Published: July 2020

Objective. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and factors related to outcome in Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP).
Patients and method. A 3-year prospective observational epidemiological case study of HCAP was conducted in seven Spanish hospitals. Microbiological and patient characteristics and outcomes were collected and classified by causative pathogen into 4 categories: “S. pneumoniae”, “MRSA”, “Others” and “Unknown”. Patients were followed up 30 days after discharge.
Results. A total of 258 (84.6%) patients were enrolled (170 were men [65.9%]). Mean age was 72.4 years ± 15 years (95% CI [70.54-74.25]). The etiology of pneumonia was identified in 73 cases (28.3%): S. pneumoniae in 35 patients (13.6%), MRSA in 8 (3.1%), and other microorganisms in 30 patients (11.6%). Significant differences in rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p < 0.05), previous antibiotic treatment (p< 0.05), other chronic respiratory diseases, inhaled corticosteroids (p < 0.01), and lymphoma (p < 0.05) were observed among the four groups. Patients with MRSA pneumonia had received more previous antibiotic treatment (87.5%). Thirty-three (12.8%) patients died during hospitalisation; death in 27 (81.2%) was related to pneumonia.
Conclusions. The etiology of HCAP was identified in only one quarter of patients, with S. pneumoniae being the most prevalent microorganism. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases more frequently presented HCAP due to MRSA than to S. pneumoniae. Death at hospital discharge was related in most cases to pneumonia.
Near-Native Sociolinguistic Competence in French: Evidence from Variable Future-Time Expression
Authors: Gudmestad Aarnes , Edmonds Amanda , Donaldson Bryan , Carmichael Katie
Published: July 2020

This study aims to advance the understanding of sociolinguistic competence among near-native speakers and to further knowledge about the acquisition of variable structures. We conduct a quantitative analysis of variable future-time expression in informal conversations between near-native and native speakers of French. In addition to examining linguistic constraints that have been investigated in previous research, we build on prior work by introducing a new factor that enables us to consider the role that formality of the variants plays in the use of variable future-time expression. We conclude by comparing these new findings to those for the same dataset and other variable structures (namely, negation and interrogatives, Donaldson, 2016, 2017) and by advocating for more research that consists of multiple, complementary analyses of the same dataset.
Review of Wen, Z. & Ahmadian, M. J. (Eds.). (2019). Researching L2 task performance and pedagogy: In honour of Peter Skehan. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Authors: Kartchava Eva
Published: July 2020

Book review: Wen, Z. & Ahmadian, M. J. (Eds.). (2019). Researching L2 task performance and pedagogy: In honour of Peter Skehan. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tblt.13
Linear Codes Obtained from Projective and Grassmann Bundles on Curves
Authors: Ballico Edoardo
Published: July 2020

We use split vector bundles on an arbitrary smooth curve defined over Fq to get linear codes (following the general set-up considered by S. H. Hansen and T. Nakashima), generalizing two quoted results by T. Nakashima. If p ≠ 2 for all integers d, g ≥ 2, r > 0 such that either r is odd or d is even we prove the existence of a smooth curve C of genus g defined over Fq and a p-semistable vector bundle E on C such that rank(E) = r, deg(E) = d and E is defined over Fq. Most results for particular curves are obtained taking double coverings or triple coverings of elliptic curves.
دور لغة الجسد في تعليم اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها من خلال درس المفردات نموذجا
Authors: Ridha Fahmi
Published: July 2020

This research aims to reveal and know the importance of the role of body language in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, especially in teaching vocabulary. This research depends on the qualitative and descriptive approach, where data is collected by looking at some books that contain topics of body language and vocabulary education as being from the primary sources, as well as all references related to this research from scientific research, refereed journals, articles and periodicals, and others as secondary sources. And the researcher may resort to some considered addresses documented in the international network of additional information. The result of this study was a The role of body language in teaching vocabulary is very important, through which the student can understand the meanings of the targeted vocabulary easily and these meanings are firmly established in his mind. The importance of body language in actual teaching using the non-linguistic method is shown in explaining the meanings of the targeted vocabulary in one of the following methods: meaning representation, role representation, position and context, reference and presentation, and direct experience. In applying this method, the following basic principles should be observed : An appropriate method in a statement meaningful significant words, not to explain more than one word at the same time, one word target recording on the blackboard by typing clear and the size of a large, repeat target words identical to the statement of movements, signs and gestures, and others, attention attracted students to focus on the statement and try to explain the desired meaning, not to increase the non-targeted alien word when making the statement, using the method of explanation as it suits the type of target words, giving the learner the opportunity to repeat the targeted words in accordance with the statement of movements, signs, gestures, etc.
دراسة نظرية ونماذج تطبيقية معاصرة
Authors: ABDUL JABBAR MUSTAFA
Published: July 2020

إن علم القواعد الفقهية من أهم الاجتهادات الفكرية والعلمية التي وصل إليها فقهاؤنا والتي تنم عن روح الإسلام ومقاصده العظمى ، ومرونته وتيسيره. وهذا مستخلص في علم القواعد الفقهية، القصد منه عرض أهمّ المباحث المتعلقة بالقواعد الفقهية وما قدمته وتقدمه من حلول لمشكلات الحياة البشرية حيث جاء في مقدمة وثلاث مباحث وخاتمة.حيث عرضت في المقدمة أهمية البحث والإشكالية، وأهداف البحث، والدراسات السابقة، ومنهج البحث . والمبحث الأول وشمل: معنى القاعدة اللغوي والاصطلاحي والألفاظ ذات الصلة، وجاء المبحث الثاني حول حقيقة علم القواعد الفقهية، وشمل: مفهومها وأنواعها، والمصطلحات ذا الصلة وهي القاعدة الأصولية والنظرية الفقهية، والضابط الفقهي والفروق والأشباة والنظائر، ثم المبحث الثالث والذي شمل: نماذج تطبيقية معاصرة لبعض القواعد الفقهية، ثم الخاتمة حيث ذكرت فيها النتائج والتوصيات.
Shifted Cubic Spline Wavelets with Two Vanishing Moments on the Interval and a Splitting Algorithm
Authors: Shumilov Boris
Published: July 2020

This paper deals with the use of the first two vanishing moments for constructing cubic spline-wavelets orthogonal to polynomials of the first degree. A decrease in the supports of these wavelets is shown in comparison with the classical semiorthogonal wavelets. For splines with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions of the second order, an algorithm of the shifted wavelet transform is obtained in the form of a solution of a tridiagonal system of linear equations with a strict diagonal dominance
PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK KASCING DAN NITROGEN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELADA (LACTVCA SATIVA L.) VAR GEORGIA
Authors: Winten Ketut Turaini Indra
Published: July 2020

The low of growth and yield of lettuce is quite often caused by the low of soil fertility, especially nitrogen and C-organic content. Poor soil physical properties also contribute to the cause of low yield of lettuce. Improved soil physical and chemical properties by adding casting fertilizers and nitrogen are expected to be able to increase the yields of lettuce. The field experiment was conducted in Candikuning village, district of Baturiti, Tabanan regency, from October 2005 to January 2006. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of casting fertilizer and nitrogen rates on the growth and yields of lettuce. A randomized complete block design was used in this experiment and two treatment factors were imposed. Those two treatment factors were rates of casting fertilizers (i.e. 0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha"1 ) and rates of N (i.e. 0, 92, 138 and 184 kg N ha"1), which were arranged factorially and repeated three times. Results of the experiment indicated that interaction between casting fertilizer and nitrogen rates did not significantly affect the yields of lettuce. The rates of N only significantly affected several growth variables and the oven-dry weight of heads plant-1. Increased rates of N from 0 to 92 kg N ha-1 significantly resulted in the oven-dry weight of heads of 2.798 g plant-1 which was 13.9% higher than that of 0 kg N ha-1. Rates of casting fertilizer significantly affected head diameter and the oven-dry weight of heads plant"1 and ha-1. Increased rates of casting fertilizer from 0 to 10 t ha-1 gave the oven-dry weight of heads as much as 0.232 t ha"1 or 9.43% higher than the weight given by the rate of 0 t ha-1. The effects of rates of casting fertilizer and N were only significant on several soil physical properties. The relationship between rates of casting fertilizer and yields of lettuce was quadratic (Y = 0.21135 + 0.0032 X - 0.001 X2 ; R2 = 0.981). The optimum rate of casting fertilizer was 16.0 t ha-1 with the maximum oven-dry weight of heads of 0.237 t ha-1, meanwhile, the optimum rate of N had not obtained in this experiment.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH ORGANIK DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BIOFUND UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Murdaningsih Murdaningsih
Published: July 2020

Organic waste comes from pigswill livestock can used as a plant nutrient source. Organic material has a significant influence on agriculture productivity. Organic material added continually was an effective way to maintain soil health, it will provide soil organisms food, increasing available nutrient and maintain soil physic characteristic. Otherwise, organic waste added still not get an optimal result. That's why organic waste added from pigswill livestock and bio fund as activator was one of the alternative ways. This study was aimed to know pigswill livestock waste potential as organic material added on nutrient availability in order to improve plant productivity and the influence on plant production. This study consisted of two stages; i.e. the first study was soil incubation for 20 days, and the second was maize plant application. The method used was Complete Factorial Randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replicates. The results showed that pigswill livestock organic waste and bio fund will increase soil  C,  N,  P,  and K exchange. It happened especially on FIBl and F1B3  treatment;  it marks with the increasing trend on every week.  The highest production was found on  F1B3  (256.63 plants"')  and the lowest on  FIBO (I I7.U plant').
UPAYA MEMINIMALISIR DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN DARI PENGGUNAAN PESTISIDA DALAM PERTANIAN (DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN DAN PENANGGULANGANNYA)
Authors: Jayanti Hadis , Suprapta Dewa Ngurah
Published: July 2020

Utilization of synthetic pesticide seems up to now remains to be one of the methods in controlling pest and plant disease because it plays a role in determining the quality and quantity of the crops. Improver of synthetic pesticide in agriculture can adversely affect the ecosystem such as water and soil pollution. The occurrence of pest resistance, the outbreak of secondary pest, the resurgence of pest, the death of predators, the residue of pesticide in food, and the pesticide residue that affects man's health. Although it has been widely known that pesticide has a bad impact on the environment, the use of pesticide is still needed in agricultural practice. Its use needs to pay attention to the concept of Integrated Pest Management in which the use of pesticide is only made when it is absolutely necessary, that is, when the population of pest increases and lies above one level of the pest population, the Economic Threshold (Untung, 1993). To know the safety level of pesticide, evaluation of toxicity of a pesticide is needed and it is commonly tested in the animal of high level. This is done in such a way that the toxicity and safety level of the pesticide can be known by farmers, users of pesticide, and the environment. Based on the information on the toxicity level, it is expected that the steps of environmental management can be taken to minimize the negative impact of pesticide. The effort of minimizing the negative impact of pesticide can be done in a variety of ways. For example, the direction was given to the users in terms of giving the dosage, application time, safe working procedure, choosing pesticide with the precise target, choosing a pesticide that can decompose easily, application target, a time before harvest, tool and exact application technique, keeping as small pollution as possible. In the future, it is hoped that the use of pesticide will decrease and will be more selective, and supported by new inventions in the technology of processing pesticide disposal and the technology of utilizing botanical pesticide which is all expected to be effective in overcoming the disturbance of pest and plant disease at the same time minimizing environmental degradation.
PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN PENUTUP TANAH DALAM SISTEM USAHA TANI
Authors: Erniyani Kristina
Published: July 2020

An intensive agriculture activity, especially that done on dry land, will result in a decrease in productivity. The land will get easily eroted, slopy, sour and poor in nutrition. Sustainable agricultural development needs technologies of conservation of land and water. One of such technologies is the technology of vegetation conservation. This refers to the planting of trees, bush, grass or land covering crops. The planting of land covering crops functions to: 1) minimize erosion; 2) minimize the growth of weeds; 3) change the microclimate and the land temperature; 4) to make sources of livestock food available; 5) increase the land organism; 6) improve the physical and chemical nature of the land. The findings of some researches show that the land covering crops can minimize the speed of erosion 40 %, increase the land fertility by 30 % and minimize the growth of weeds by 50 %.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MESOFAUNA TANAH PEROMBAK BAHAN ORGANIK PADA VEGETASI KOPI DAN KAKAO
Authors: Erniyani Kristina , Wahyuni Sri , Puu Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga
Published: July 2020

The use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides can change the agroecosystem gradually. These changes may result in a decrease in the diversity of soil organisms. These organisms are very important in the decomposition process of reforming the organic matter into compounds that are readily absorbed by plants. Other changes include a change in the soil structure which will affect the soil chemical and physical characteristic and ultimately affect the soil productivity leading to a decreased agricultural product. The return of the remains from harvest, litter and crop residues from coffee and cocoa crops to the soil will provide energy for soil organisms and it will help maintain the soil environment that supports the life of other organisms. This research aimed at identifying the composition and diversity of mesofauna formed by the composted organic matter in cocoa and coffee plantations. Soil sampling was conducted on coffee and cocoa plantations in the Onelako village of Ndona District. Soil sampling was conducted in September 2010. Soil sampling used Neuman method of 0-15 cm and 16-30 cm depth. Each soil sample was taken to the laboratory. The separation of mesofauna from soil used Berlese-tullgran method that had been modified for 4 days. The separated Meso fauna was identified under the light microscope. The result of this research showed that the highest composition of mesofauna decomposer of organic matter in cocoa and coffee vegetation is Collembola. Collembola is very tolerant to acidic soil condition and they are dominant in the soil and surface habitats that contain lots of litter. Collembola is microarthropods that have large distribution both in quantity and diversity. The highest diversity of mesofauna on coffee vegetation is 1.525 and on cocoa, vegetation is 1.273. It was also noted that at a depth of 0-15 cm there was a higher concentration of mesofauna in the coffee vegetation area, which was about 7.3960, while in the cocoa vegetation there where 3.6376. The high level of the diversity index caused an increase in decomposition and therefore better soil fertility.
PENYEBARAN HAMA KUTU PUTIH PEPAYA PARACOCCUS MARGINATUS Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) PADA BERBAGAI TANAMAN INANG DI KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Puu Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga
Published: July 2020

Papaya is one of the many horticultural commodities grown by farmers. In mid-2008, thousands of trees in the District Sukaraga papaya, Bogor Regency pest infestation papaya white and whole tree has been attacked. P. marginatus is a prolific insect that attack several host plants, including tropical fruit crops and ornamental plants. This research aims to determine the spread of lice infestation in White Paracoccus marginatus Ende and type of host plants are attacked by pest Mite White Paracoccus marginatus. This study is useful to obtain information about the spread of pest P. marginatus in the district of Ende as a step in taking control measures, information to relevant agencies and farmer about the existence pf pest P. marginatus in Ende district, and continued research on the existence of natural enemies and pest bioecology O. Marginatus. Sampling study conducted in 21 sub-district in NTT Propinsis Ende. The study was conducted from March-August 2011. Materials used in this study plant pest Paracoccus marginatus, Alcohol 95%. The tools used are a collection of bottles, brushes, a microscope, transparent plastic, paper labels, Thermo-Hygrometer, coo box, stationery and literature. The result showe that the spread of pest P. marginatus was observed in 21 sub-district in Ende found only in the District 2 District East Ende and Ndona. Papaya is attacked by P. marginatus have chlorotic leaves, young leaves to fall and prospective fruits and fruit and leaves are covered by this pest by stacking layers of wax until the drought ends up dead. The intensity of damage caused by pest P. marginatus in the District of East Ende of 33.33% and 16.67% for Ndona District. The spread of pest P. marginatus in the district of Ende found at two locations namely Ende District East and District Ndona. Types of host plants are attacked by pest P. marginatus is Papaya plants.
PENGGUNAAN PUPUK ORGANIK RIBON ATOM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TOMAT
Authors: Murdaningsih Murdaningsih
Published: July 2020

Growth and tomato crop production influenced by the fertility of the land, which represents media grow the crop. Result of research indicates that usage of Ribon atom with the make-up of dose has an effect on positive to component growth of the crop, component produce and also fertility of the land. At the growth of crop posed at by is a high crop, wide leaf, PGR, LAI, LAD, and of LAR but dose 4 lt/ha not differ reality with dose 5 lt/ha and 6 lt/Ha. While component product that is the amount of fruit, heavy crop pear and pear weight set of wide, where dose 2 lt/ha does not differ reality with dose 3 lt/ha, 4/lt ha, 5 lt/ha and 6 lt/ha. As for its influence to the fertility of the land that is happened the make-up of contact of P available inland become to mount (Veri High).
PENGARUH WAKTU PERENDAMAN STEK BATANG VANILI DALAM ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH ROTOONE – F TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VANILI (VANILLA PLANIFOLIA ANDREWS)
Authors: Supardi Philipus.N. , Seda Sivester
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of immersion time with the vanilla stem cuttings of plan growth regulators Rotoone – F of credit for the growth of roots and shoots of vanilla cuttings. The treatment used in this study is A0 (without immersion), A1 (immersion time 5 min), A2 (soaking time 10 min), and A3 (soaking time 15 min) variable observation in this study is the number of shoots, root number, number of The firs day of growing shoots, shoots length, root length, root diameter, wet weight and dry weight of cuttings of vanilla. The result showed that root growth best to treatment with the immersion time of 15 min (A3) is indicated by the highest number of roots, root length and diameter to treatment with the highest root of soaking time 15 min (A3) in 14 to 28 HST HST. The result showed that the growth of shoots best to treatment with the immersion time of 15 min (A3) is indicated by a number of days the first shoots to grow the fastest, most number of shoots, shoot length, wet weight and dry weight of the highest in treatments with soaking time 15 (A3) in 14 HST to 28 HST.
PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN PEDESAAN BERBASIS AGRIBISNIS DI KECAMATAN KELIMUTU, KABUPATEN ENDE, PROPINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Leha Ernesta
Published: July 2020

The sector of agriculture experienced significant growth at the national level during 2008. This lead to the betterment of rural society or urban society. So does the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur. The development of the sector of agriculture is significant enough but it is not quite optimal. It could be seen from the decreasing capability of absorbing manpower. This is the strong reason why rural areas need developing as agribusiness based-areas because the majority of the people who live in a rural area are a farmer. Knowing the prospect of an area if developed as an agribusiness based-areas needs specific research which can formulate priority of right strategies to develop agribusiness-based rural areas. This research was performed in the sub-district of Kelimutu, the regency of Ende, Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur. The internal factors which constitute the strength and the weakness are the availability of resources and land, farmer group, agricultural extension doer, cooperation, government official, human resources, socio-culture, technology, management, constitute the chance and barrier are tourism, stakeholder cooperation, foreign people, marketing, strategic location, the emergence of the new agricultural centre area, transportation problems, partnership, public demand, social problems, opposition, and rivalry. This research was used was qualitative ones which are obtained by in-depth interview, observation, questionnaire and document analysis. Meanwhile, the method and analysis technique which was used were (1) Matrix analysis of EFAS and EFAS; (2) SWOT analysis and (3) analysis of QSPM. From the research, formulations of alternative strategy aggressive which could be applied in the village of Kelimutu are (a) To increase the quality of human resource of Kelimutu in working out agribusiness-based natural resources and land, (b) To elevate the cooperation of stakeholder in developing the sub-district of Kelimutu because this area is a tourism area having a great potency of agribusiness and (c) To increase the capability of farmer management in the effort of agriculture, the processing and marketing of the agricultural stuff. Meanwhile, strategic priorities of intensive growth which could be applied are (a) Market penetration strategy to increase the market share of the agricultural product of the area through an extensive marketing effort, (b) Market Development Strategy which is intended to introduce agricultural product (from sub-district of Kelimutu) to new areas and in a global perspective, as well as the development of the international-scale market and (c) Product development strategy which is intended to increase sale by improving or modifying the existing product.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Kirinyu (Chromolaena odorata) Sebagai Sumber Bahan Organik Dalam Peningkatan Produksi Wortel (Daucus carota)
Authors: Murdaningsih Murdaningsih
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to understand the benefits of ‘kirinyu’ as a resource of organic matter in the growth and production of carrots and determine the optimum quantities required. The study used a random group design method using K0 (without kirinyu), K1 (kirinyu 5 ton/ha), K2 (kirinyu10 ton/ha), K3 K3 (Kirinyu 15 ton/ha), and K4 (Kirinyu 20 ton/ha). The variables measured in this study were; plant height, the total number of leaves, length of tubers, the diameter of tubers and weight of fresh tubers per plant per plot and per ha. The results of this study indicate that the use of ‘kirinyu’ as a source of organic matter has a definite influence in the plant height in the ages of  4 MST, 8 MST, 10 MST, 12 MST, and total leaves in the ages of 6 MST, 8 MST. Also, it influences the length of tubers, the weight of tubers per plant per plot and per ha. It was determined that optimum growth of carrots; that is plant height (32.51 cm) total leaves (5.78 cm) length of tubers (10.71 cm) was attained with the use of 20 ton/ha weight of fresh tubers per plant (48.19 grams), per plot (7,93 kg) and per ha (21089,29 kg).
PEMANFAATAN ATRAKTAN NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN LALAT BUAH Bactrocera sp PADA TAANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Puu Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga
Published: July 2020

The research aimed to know the use of vegetable attractants for monitoring  fruit flies (bactrocera sp) and to know the most effective attractant on trapping fruit flies of chilli plant (Capsicum annum L). The method used in this study was Randomized Block Design namely treatment without attractan (A0), Steiner + guava attractan (A1), steiner + custard apple attractan (A2), steiner + banana attractan (A3), steiner +papaya attractan (A4). The variable is a population of fruit flies, the number of rotten fruit, and rotten intensity of fruit. The result showed that the use of vegetable attractan is effective in monitoring fruit flies pest, in which population of fruit flies pest was trapped about 27.74  %, a number of rotten fruit is 23,38 % and rotten intensity is 18,64 %. Custard apple attraction gave the highest influence on all observed variables.
PENINGKATAN KETERSEDIAAN DAN SERAPAN NPK SERTA HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG BISI-16 MELALUI INOKULASI MIKORIZA DAN PUPUK NPK PADA ALFISOL
Authors: Bolly Yovita Yasintha
Published: July 2020

This study is to investigate the influence of mycorrhiza isolates with different origin rhizosphere and fertilizer NPK with different dosage to the availability and absorption of NPK as well as the corn yield and to determine the optimum dosage of fertilizer NPK in each mycorrhiza isolate with different origin rhizosphere and availability and uptake of NPK and corn yields and to determine the optimum dosage of fertilizer NPK for each different origin rhizosphere of isolates mycorrhizal inoculated against corn yield. This study used complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) consisting of 20 treatment combinations with three replications, they are without mycorrhiza and without fertilizer (m0p0) without mycorrhiza + 25% dose of NPK (m0p1) without mycorrhiza + 50% dose of NPK (m0p2) without mycorrhiza + 75% dose of NPK (m1p3) without mycorrhiza + 100% dose of NPK (m1p4), origin rhizosphere mycorrhiza of the of corn plants +  100% dose of NPK (m2p2) without fertilizer (m1p0) mycorrhiza origin of the rhizosphere of corn plants+ 25% dose of NPK (m1p1) mycorrhiza origin rhizosphere of plants corn + 50% dose of NPK (m1p2) origin rhizosphereof mycorrhiza the corn plants+ 75% dose of NPK (m1p3), mycorrhiza origin of the rhizosphere of corn plants+ 100% dose of NPK (m1p4), origin rhizosphere of mycorrhiza the cassava + without fertilizers ( m2p0), origin of mycorrhiza of the cassava + 25% dose of NPK  (m2p1), origin rhizosphere of mycorrhiza of cassava + 50% dose of NPK (m2p2), origin rhizosphere  of mycorrhiza of cassava + 75% dose of NPK (m2p3), origin rhizosphere  of mycorrhiza of cassava + 100% dose of NPK (m2p4) mycorrhizal from serpong + without fertilizer (m3p0), mycorrhiza from serpong + 25% dose of NPK (m3p1), mycorrhiza from serpong + 50% dose of NPK (m3p2), mycorrhiza from serpong + 75% dose of NPK (m3p3), mycorrhiza from serpong + 100% dose of NPK (m3p4). The results showed that mycorrhiza treatment and dosage of fertilizer NPK can increase the availability of NPK, NPK uptake, dry weight of plant and dry weight of seed. Regression test showed the optimum dosage of NPK on m0 treatment cannot be determined because it is linear, while the optimum dosage of NPK fertilizer on the treatment of inoculated mycorrhizal of origin rhizosphere of corn (m1) is 50.66% the recommended dose, in the treatment of native mycorrhiza rhizosphere of cassava (m2 ) is 45.11%, and the treatment of mycorrhiza from serpong (m3) is 46.10%.
PENGARUH DOSIS PUUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERBAIKAN BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIK, KIMIA DAN BIOLOGI TANAH PADA KONDISI JENUH AIR DAN KAPSITAS LAPANG
Authors: Correia Julio
Published: July 2020

Soils are the main media for the growth of crops, the low yield of crops is always related to soil physical, chemical and biological soil conditions. Cattle manure is an organic fertilizer known well before chemical fertilizer. Many types of research on the use of cattle manure to ameliorate physical, chemical and biological soil properties have been conducted, but the optimum rates of cattle manure especially on sandy soil have never been found. This fact may be caused by leaching of organic materials and nutrients to deeper soil layer unreachable by roots. An experiment was conducted in a plastic house using sandy soils from the district of Kubu, Karangasem regency, with the objectives of studying the effects of rates of cattle manure on physical, chemical and biological properties f soils and the effects of inundated and water field capacity of soils on leaching of nutrients in the soils. The experiment was conducted from June until August 2010. The design used was a split-plot design consisted of four rates of cattle manure (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha-1) as main plots and two water status of soils (inundated and water capacity) as subplots, with three replications. The results of the experiment indicated that cattle manure is able to ameliorate some of the soil physical properties as bulk densities (g cm-3), soil water status (%), soil permeability (cm hour-1) and total soil pores (%), and increased soil pH, C-organic content (%), C/N ratio, NPK and biological properties of soils of low nutrients status of sandy loam brown regosol soils derived from Vulcan intermediary. The results of the experiment also indicated the occurrence of leaching of organic materials and NPK nutrients to 20-40 cm layer. Based on the experiment results it is to suggest to the farmers that the use of cattle manure should be combined with synthetic chemical fertilizer in several applications during growth periods, but this required further researches.
PENGARUH PUPUK HAYATI CAIR TIENS GOLDEN HERVERST TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN CENGKEH (Eugenia aromatica L.)
Authors: Hutubessy Josina Irene Brigetha
Published: July 2020

The study aims at revealing the impact of Tiens Golden Harvest organic liquid fertilizer on the growth and the yield of clove seed and optimum dose of Tiens Golden Harvest liquid fertilizer leading to the growth and the optimal yield of clove seed. The design used in this study was random block design with the treatment of T0 = Tiens Golden Harvest fertilizer 0 g/seed T1 = Tiens Golden Harvest 45 ml/seed, T2 = Tiens Golden Harvest fertilizer 90 ml/seed, T3 = Tiens Golden Harvest fertilizer 135 ml/seed, T4 = Tiens Golden Harvest fertilizer 180 ml/seed. Observation variables in this study were plant height, total leaves, leaf width, total fresh weight of brangkasan plant-1 and total dry oven weight of plant-1. The analysis result indicated that giving a different dose of Tiens Golden Harvest fertilizer may impact the plant height of 44,27%, fresh weight of plant-1of 32,58%, dry oven weight of plant-1of 48,92%. The optimum dose of Tiens Golden Harvest fertilizer contributing to the optimal growth of the clove seed is 180ml seed-1.
PROFIL MUTU KOMODITI UNGGULAN PERKEBUNAN KABUPATEN ENDE (KOMODITI KAKAO)
Authors: Wangge Emilia S.A.
Published: July 2020

The study of the quality profile of plantation excellent commodity in Ende Regency (hazelnut commodity) is to provide information about the degree composition of water and fat on hazelnut commodity in Ende Regency. Hazelnut commodity profile benefits for the provision of trade opportunity information and the investment of hazelnut cultivation to both foreign and domestic investors, as well as business persons, in order to boost the investment growth in Ende Regency. This study was conducted in the Agriculture Technology Laboratory of the Udayana University of Denpasar. The presentation of hazelnut commodity profile in EndeRegency of East Nusa Tenggara Province apparently reveals that this region has great potential to be further developed viewed from the quality content aspect.
PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus florida)
Authors: Murdaningsih Murdaningsih , Lue Modesta
Published: July 2020

This study aims at revealing the impact of plant media on the growth and yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotusflorida) and finding out what plant media that can give the optimal growth and yield.        The design uses in this study was random block design with the treatment of Mbayam (Bayam wood powder), Mmeranti (Meranti wood powder), Mkemiri (Hazelnut wood powder), Mjerami (straw). The observation variables used in this study were the prime emergence of the fruit, the number of fruit clumps, number of fruits per clump, harvesting age, the diameter of fruit, the length of fruit stalk, harvesting interval, the weight of the fruit, and REB value. The result of the study indicated that straw planting media was not able to grow mushroom and was contaminated. Planting media of bayam wood powder with Meranti wood powder, Bayam wood powder with hazelnut wood powder, and Bayam wood powder with straw makes a difference respectively, as follows: the primary emergence of fruit was 54:58 HST, 54:57 HST, and 54:0 HST, the number of fruit clumps were18,1%, 28,8%, and 100%, the number of fruit per clump were 4,0%, 13,9%, and 100%, and harvesting age were 4,1:4,9, 4,1:4,1, and 4,1:0.  Planting media of Bayam wood powder provided the high average in the primary emergence of the fruit of 54 HST, 118.7 of fruit clumps, 15.1 of fruit/clump,6cm of fruit diameter, 2.9cm  length of fruit stalk, 6.6 days of harvesting interval, 68.9gram of fruit weight and 0.68 of REB value.
Peran kepala sekolah sebagai pimpinan tentunya memiliki pengaruh yang besar dalam menumbuhkan sikap demokrasi di sekolah. Dampaknya adalah terhadap sikap guru pada peserta didik dan lingkungan sekitar dan tentunya sangat dibutuhkan sebagai tenaga profesi kependidikan. Oleh karena itu, studi ini dilakukan untuk tujuan mengetahui peranan kepala sekolah dalam menumbuhkan sikap demokrasi guru. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Mekarjaya Depok dengan metode deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis datanya dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain: 1) peran kepala sekolah dapat dijadikan teladan bagi para guru dalam menumbuhkan sikap demokrasi, hal ini dapat dilihat dari gaya kempemimpinan demokrasi yang dilihat dari tindakan kepala sekolah dalam memahami segala perbedaan yang ada antar guru, karyawan dan warga sekolah, selalu berdialog dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dan menjaga hubungan yang baik antar guru; 2) sikap demokrasi guru dapat ditunjukkan dari sikap guru pada saat mengajar di dalam kelas, mengambil keputusan serta menjaga hubungan kerjasama yang baik dengan orang tua murid, serta menghargai hak asasi individu.
Authors: Brahma Ismail Akbar
Published: July 2020

Peran kepala sekolah sebagai pimpinan tentunya memiliki pengaruh yang besar dalam menumbuhkan sikap demokrasi di sekolah. Dampaknya adalah terhadap sikap guru pada peserta didik dan lingkungan sekitar dan tentunya sangat dibutuhkan sebagai tenaga profesi kependidikan. Oleh karena itu, studi ini dilakukan untuk tujuan mengetahui peranan kepala sekolah dalam menumbuhkan sikap demokrasi guru. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Mekarjaya Depok dengan metode deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis datanya dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain:  1) peran kepala sekolah dapat dijadikan teladan bagi para guru dalam menumbuhkan sikap demokrasi, hal ini dapat dilihat dari gaya kempemimpinan demokrasi yang dilihat dari tindakan kepala sekolah dalam memahami segala perbedaan yang ada antar guru, karyawan dan warga sekolah, selalu berdialog dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dan menjaga hubungan yang baik antar guru; 2) sikap demokrasi  guru dapat ditunjukkan dari sikap guru pada saat mengajar di dalam kelas, mengambil keputusan serta menjaga hubungan kerjasama yang baik dengan orang tua murid, serta menghargai hak asasi individu.
Think Pair Share Technique to Promote Students' Reading Comprehension
Authors: Dwigustini Retno , Widiya Jenika
Published: July 2020

The objective of the research is to promote students’ reading comprehension through Think Pair Share technique. The present research employed qualitative approach with Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. The participants involved were one class of seventh graders consisting of 22 students. The research was conducted in three cycles. Observation, test and interview were used to collect the data. The result revealed that 1) students’ score of reading comprehension  increases after the implementation of Think Pair Share technique (in cycle I, only 36% students passed the passing grade, in cycle II 73% of them passed the passing grade, and in cycle III, 100% students passed the passing grade; and 2) students’ motivation and learning excitement improve. The findings lead to a conclusion that this technique can promote students’ reading comprehension. It is then recommended for English teachers to keep using this technique as a solution to assist them in teaching reading comprehension and to motivate their students to be more active in learning.
Penerapan Model Inkuiri Sosial terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mata Pelajaran IPS di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Astuti Dini Widya
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh penerapan model Inkuiri sosial terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik mata pelajaran IPS Kelas IV SD Negeri Pakulonan 01 Kota Tangerang Selatan. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi Eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan berbentuk Nonequivalent Control Grup Design. Sampel yang diteliti adalah peserta didik kelas IVA sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 25 orang peserta didik dan kelas IVB sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 25 peserta. Teknik analisis pada penelitian ini adalah Uji-T. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji-T diperoleh thitung sebesar 4,5814 dan ttabel 2,01063. Dengan demikian memenuhi kriteria pengujian thitung > ttabel Maka Ha diterima Ho ditolak pada taraf Signifikan 5%. Maka terdapat adanya pengaruh penerapan model inkuiri sosial terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas IV Sekolah dasar pada mata pelajaran IPS, pada materi (1) kegiatan ekonomi produksi, distribusi dan konsumsi (2) jenis-jenis pekerjaan yang berhubungan dengan corak kehidupan masyarakat sekitar (3) jenis-jenis pekerjaan menghasilkan barang dan jasa.
The Effectiveness of the Application of the Kumon-Based English Learning Model to Improve Student Reading Ability
Authors: O Oktariyani , O Oktariyana
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the application of Kumon-based English reading learning models compared with conventional methods of English reading skills of PGSD students and Management classes at Trilogy University 2018/2019 school year. This study uses a post-test-only control group design. The focus under study is the process and learning outcomes of students' reading comprehension (cognitive) results. This research uses documentation, observation, and test data collection techniques and analyzed with percentage descriptive techniques, and statistical tests. The ability of experimental class students viewed from the overall learning process is more capable (73.3%) compared to the control class (70%). Based on the percentage of students' post-test results, the control class obtained a percentage of (86.9%) in the excellent category, while in the control class the percentage of post-test scores was (68.33%) in the sufficient category. Thus the Kumon-based learning model is effective in improving students' reading ability in English both in terms of process and results compared to conventional methods.
A strategy for a sustainable tourism development of the Greek Island of Chios
Authors: Lopes Vânia , Moreno Pires Sara , Costa Rui
Published: July 2020

Despite several advances to
comprehend tourism impacts and its relationship with sustainable development
challenges, there is still a lack of worldwide examples of strategies for
sustainable tourism development of destinations. Particularly in less developed
European regions, tourism development strategies are still poorly implemented,
emphasising the need to support them towards more balanced policies and actions
that can effectively promote a sustainable tourism destination. The Island of Chios in Greece faces several
challenges in order to develop such a strategy. Besides being a region
particularly affected by the financial and refugee crisis of the last years, the Island does not have a Land Use Plan
approved so far or any Strategy or Plan for Tourism. As such, the main goal of
this paper is to propose a planning framework for sustainable
tourism development of the Island of Chios considering the United Nations
Agenda 2030 and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. To accomplish such goal,
the research involved a serious of different steps through an action-research
approach based on a three-month internship at the local municipality. The
qualitative and quantitative methodology was developed with the input of local
key stakeholders and it enabled to identify the critical need for developing a
sustainable tourism strategy for the territory. Results show that Chios is a
destination with potential growth and increased competitiveness and
attractiveness for visitors but major steps would have to be taken for the
establishment of a participatory sustainable tourism strategic plan that could
involve all the stakeholders and promote a sustainable growth and a more
balanced development of the region.
Assessment of the potential of Varna City as a smart tourist destination
Authors: Kostadinova Popova Katina , Malinova Malcheva Miroslava
Published: July 2020

In recent years digitalization became a mainstream
factor for socio-economic development and improvement of quality of life. The
concepts of “smart cities” and “smart tourist destinations” are real
consequences of the global urbanization process. Nowadays, digitalization is a
privilege for every destination oriented towards young people and innovation
initiatives. Intelligent destinations require development of optimal urban
management models bound by considerable investments. The current study examines
the potential of the Sea capital of Bulgaria – Varna to become a smart tourism
destination. The used methodology is based on the selection of three scientific
tools – PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis and Delphi method. The major findings
showed that the need of digitalization will become an important feature of the
tourist supply in Varna. The city is a fast-growing academic destination and an
attractive center for many young people. The tendency to use innovative
technologies before and during the stay in a destination, typical for every
young person, creates numerous opportunities for Varna. The introduction of ICT
in the modern life of the residents and the guests of the city should be done
through a precise assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of the
digitalization process
A Ouvidoria como ferramenta de gestão do SUS no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Gonçalves Gehres Luana , Campos De Cesaro Bruna
Published: July 2020

A Ouvidoria do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) é o canal de atendimento ao cidadão para recebimento de elogios, sugestões, solicitações, reclamações, denúncias e informações do SUS, sendo um dos espaços para o exercício da cidadania, participação e controle social. Tem a finalidade de identificar áreas deficitárias, subsidiando as tomadas de decisão dos gestores para melhoria da qualidade dos serviços de saúde. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os assuntos recorrentes nos protocolos gerados na Ouvidoria do SUS do Rio Grande do Sul, a fim de gerar impacto na avaliação e planejamento em saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa realizada a partir dos dados disponíveis no sistema informatizado por meio da análise e categorização dos assuntos mais recorrentes nas manifestações dos cidadãos. No ano de 2016 se obteve o registro de 6.096 manifestações. A partir da identificação dos assuntos de maior recorrência, é possível influenciar no estabelecimento de metas e pactuações em saúde, para que as ações de planejamento reflitam efetiva e concretamente os anseios dos usuários, de modo que possa influenciar, inclusive, na elaboração do Plano Estadual de Saúde e na pactuação de indicadores e metas da saúde nos Municípios. Palavras-chave: Defesa do paciente. Sistema Único de Saúde. Saúde Pública
OUVIDORIA: FERRAMENTA ORGANIZACIONAL ESTRATÉGICA
Authors: Andréa Atalla Pereira Aline , de Oliveira Silva Priscilla , Soares do Vale Amorim Riane
Published: July 2020

Nos hospitais, com a introdução dos sistemas de Gestão de Qualidade e a busca pelos selos de acreditação, tendência mercadológica e competitiva, percebeu-se a necessidade de um canal para ouvir o cliente, haja vista a gama de informações extraídas das manifestações que possibilitam a melhoria dos processos, visando a segurança tanto dos pacientes quanto de colaboradores. Ouvir é importante e necessário, pois é uma fonte valiosa de informações para as organizações que querem garantir uma boa fatia do mercado e, consequentemente, a sua sustentabilidade. O setor foi estruturado com o modelo habitualmente utilizado nas Ouvidorias e implantado em 2014. Prevê uma Ficha de Análise de Manifestação, que recebe o registro da manifestação dos diversos canais de comunicação, como Sua Opinião (formulário disponível aos clientes), Fale Conosco (via site do hospital), Reclame Aqui, Telefone, Presencial, as Seguradoras e as Redes Sociais. Posteriormente, a manifestação recebe uma classificação “inicial”: Reclamação, Elogio, Sugestão, Solicitação, Informação, Denúncia, Expressão Livre; e também uma classificação “técnica”, quando relacionada a Estrutura, Pessoas, Processo, e outras denominações ajustadas à demanda da instituição.