bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Angular Speed Distribution of Randomly Moving Particles
Authors: Guo Tao
Published: July 2021

Spin is a common phenomenon in nature, but the detailed statistical principle behind it is seldom discussed. This article aims to inspire people to think about such problems. In this article, probability theory and the corresponding modules of Mathematica software are used to study the distribution of angular speed generated by a population of equal speed particles moving randomly in space. The probability density expression of this distribution is derived successfully, and then its accuracy is verified by simulation data. Finally, it is confirmed that the angular speed follows the Maxwell distribution with a specified scale parameter. This research may be helpful for understanding why most celestial bodies or micro particles in the universe spin.
Improved Urine DNA Methylation Panel for Early Bladder Cancer Detection
Authors: Fang Qixun , Zhang Xu , Nie Qing , Hu Jianqiang , Zhou Shujun , Wang Chaojun
Published: July 2021

PurposeBladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies but the corresponding diagnostic methods are either invasive or limited in specificity and/or sensitivity. Detecting DNA methylation using urine sample has been reported as a potential method for bladder cancer detection. This study aimed to develop a bladder cancer detecting panel by improving published panels and validated the panel performance with clinical samples. Materials and MethodsRelated researches were reviewed and the biomarkers of most potential were selected into a new panel. A total of 92 samples were included in this study, 45 of which had their methylation status measured by RRBS and others measured by qMSP. RRBS data was used to compare performance of the new panel and the panels it derided from while qMSP data was used to validate panel performance in occasions of clinical use. To further investigate panel detection limit and result reproducibility, synthesized samples were repeatedly measured in different time and concentration. ResultsThree biomarkers (PCDH17, POU4F2 and PENK) were selected to construct a new panel P3. P3 panel achieved an accuracy of 0.836 and an AUC of 0.964 with RRBS while the accuracy and AUC with qMSP were 0.915 and 0.948, showing more balanced specificity and sensitivity and higher accuracy compared to individual marker. Detection limit study showed high sensitivity in plasmid sample and the results can be reproduced with acceptable deviations. ConclusionOverall, the P3 panel achieved relatively high sensitivity and accuracy in bladder cancer detection.
A New Integrative Model For The Co-Occurrence of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behaviours and Eating Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Krug Isabel , Arroyo Mercedes Delgado , Giles Sarah , Dang An Binh , Kiropoulos Litza , De Paoli Tara , Buck Kim , Treasure Janet , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz Matthew
Published: July 2021

Objective: The high co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviours and eating disorder (ED) symptoms suggests these conditions share common aetiological processes. We assessed whether insecure attachment and maladaptive schemas were related to NSSI and ED symptoms through affect dysregulation, impulsivity, self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction. Method:123 ED patients and 531 individuals from the community completed an online survey, which included measures assessing the variables of interest. Results: The model was a good fit for the ED group, however only a revised model reached an acceptable fit for the community sample. In the community group, impulsivity was a shared predictor for NSSI and bulimic symptoms, whereas affect dysregulation was a unique predictor for NSSI in both the ED and community groups. No other variables were shared by NSSI and ED symptoms in the two groups. Both attachment and maladaptive schemas were implicated in the pathways leading to ED and NSSI symptoms in the clinical ED and the community sample. The variance explained for NSSI and drive for thinness were highest for the clinical ED sample (29% and 57% respectively). Conclusion: Common factors may underlie NSSI and ED symptoms, however, these factors may become more specific and less prevalent as a function of disorder severity.
The Effect of Educational Intervention on Promotion of Preventive Behavior of Knee Osteoarthritis in Women Over 40 Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior in Sample of Iranian Women
Authors: Jeihooni Ali Khani , Fereidouni Zhila , Bahmandoost Mina , Harsini Pooyan Afzali
Published: July 2021

Objectives. The purpose of this study was designed and conducted so that the educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior be performed in order to promote preventive behaviors of knee osteoarthritis in women over 40 living in, Fars, I.R.IranMethods. This research is a quasi-experimental study. The subjects of the study were 100 women over the age of 40 who were under the coverage of Health Centers. The data collection tool was a questionnaire TPB. The educational intervention program consisted of 8 training sessions on the adoption of preventive behaviors from knee osteoarthritis based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Results. There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the scores for attitude, subjective norms, perceived control behavior, intention and behavior before and after the intervention. However, three months after the intervention, there was a significant increase in each of the constructs in the experimental, but there was no such a significant difference in the control group.Conclusion. With regard to the findings of this study, performing educational intervention based on theories and changing behavior modes particularly the TPB aiming at reducing knee osteoarthritis can lead to its morbidity reduction.
Salvage Treatment of Acute Respiratory Failure after Transcomposite Myocutaneous Flaps Transplantation for Chronic Empyema Combined with Chest wall sinus: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Lei , He Zhongliang
Published: July 2021

BackgroundChronic empyema with chest wall sinus is a complex and refractory disease caused by multiple factors.It may be combined with bronchopleural fistula, residual bone and other necrotic tissue,causing local infection difficult to control, and the disease is a vicious circle.Case presentationThis paper reports a 62-year-old male patient who underwent right pneumonectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung 11 years ago and began to develop empyema with purulent sinus in the anterior chest wall 3 years ago. Therefore, he was admitted to our medical center for further treatment. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed the right pleural effusion with the chest wall rupture sinus. According to his clinical symptoms and imaging examination, he was diagnosed as chronic empyema with chest wall sinus.Due to the large empyema cavity,the patient should be treated with free vastus lateralis musculocutaneous flap combined with pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap transplantation.After the operation, acute respiratory failure occurred due to left lung aspiration pneumonia.ConclusionsAfter a series of treatment measures such as tracheal intubation, tracheotomy, anti-infection, maintenance of circulatory stability, and rehabilitation training, he was finally rescued and cured.Follow-up after discharge showed that the tissue flap survived and empyema was eliminated.
WITHDRAWN: Diagnostic Performance of Immediate Angiography Derived Quantitative Flow Ratio In Patients After Second Generation Drug Eluting Stent And Bioresorable Scaffold Implantation
Authors: Li Zhengwei , Zhan Jiachen , Han Jia , Fu Guosheng , Jin Chongying
Published: July 2021

Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel angiography derived fractional flow reserve (FFR). However, its diagnostic performance has only be validated in native coronary lesion but not yet in vessels after stent implantation. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of QFR in coronary vessels immediately after everolimus eluting stent (EES) and bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) implantation. This is a retrospective, two centers, validation cohort study. 73 stable angina patients who received at least one native vessel EES/BRS implantation with immediate FFR assessment were screened. Cases with aorta-ostial stenoses, bridge vessel at the distal of targated vessel, acute coronary syndrome, previous coronary artery bypass grafting, age < 18 years, lack of ≥ 2 final angiographic projections were excluded. Contrast QFR assessment was performed blinded to FFR assessment. A good correlation (r = 0.680, p < 0.001) was found between QFR and FFR. In the EES implantation cohort, a good correlation (r = 0.769, p < 0.001) was found between QFR and FFR, while moderate correlation (r = 0.446, p = 0.038) was found in the BRS cohort. The area under the ROC curve for detecting FFR ≤ 0.86 was 0.883 for the total subjects. QFR assessment after immediate EES/BRS implantation is feasible, and remains good correlation and agreement with FFR. QFR might be a promising tool for guiding stent implantation optimizing to improve clinical outcomes.
Potential Metal Chelating Ability of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids: A Computational Research
Authors: Varnali Tereza , Bozoflu Mert , Şengönül Hüseyin , Kurt Seher İ.
Published: July 2021

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are low molecular-weight (<400 Da) water soluble secondary metabolites that are attributed many functions such as antioxidants, compatible solutes, nitrogen reservoirs and especially, photostable UV-protectants. Recently, they are attracting attention due to their biotechnological and industrial potential for anti-aging and wound healing properties as well. In this study, we explored the metal chelating capacity of selected MAAs ( 4-deoxygadusol, mycosporine-glycine, mycosporine-taurine, palythine, poryphyra-334, shinorine, mycosporine-2-glycine and euhalothece-362) making use of dft calculations. We report model structures of ferrous and ferric ion-MAA complexes and their binding affinities in relation to their structural differences and multiple sites available for chelation on the MAAs. We also investigated calcium ion complexes for mycosporine-glycine, shinorine, porphyra-334 and mycosporine-2-glycine. Our findings support previous suggestions made to explain some experimental results obtained in earlier studies on MAAs. Lastly, we briefly mention the findings in the context of early life and hence relevance to astrobiology.
Mental Health Classification and Quality of Life of Empty-nest Elderly in China: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Su Hong , Zhou Yuqiu , Cai Yunjiang , Wang Yun
Published: July 2021

Background：Latent profile analysis was used to identify the profiles of empty-nest elderly’s mental health. Associations of the profiles with quality of life were then examined. Methods: Three hundred and fifty empty-nest elderly adults in China were investigated with Elderly Mental Health Questionnaire and the Chinese version of the SF-36. Latent profile analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: A three-profile mental health model provided the best fit to the data. The resulting profiles were low mental health, moderate mental health, and high mental health. There were significant differences in quality of life among different profiles of mental health.Conclusion: The results provide a new and expanded view of empty nesters’ mental health, which may be used to improve empty-nest elderly’s quality of life.
The Impact of An Innovative Summer Camp for Community Older Adults
Authors: Yeh Mei-Hua , Huang Cheng-Hsien , Lin Yu-Chih , Huang Tung-Jung , Chen Mei-Yen
Published: July 2021

Background

Healthy aging with dignity and aging in place are important concepts for most Taiwanese individuals, which can hopefully affect health policies. However, many elders have been encouraged to stay at home during the COVID-19 pandemic since January 2020. Consequently, most elders limited their social participation in a previous regular activity in the community center, which undermined the strategies for healthy aging. Few studies have explored how to promote or maintain holistic health and physical fitness for community elders during the COVID-19 worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to establish and evaluate the impact of an innovative summer camp program for older adults in the rural community.
Methods

A quasi-experimental pre-post-test design was used. The innovative summer camp (ISC) was based on a standardized protocol of modified Baduanjin exercise combined with three recreation breathing games. Participants were recruited from three community centers around the western coastal Yunlin County between June and August 2020. ISC program was designed and demonstrated by the research team and conducted by each community care worker for 90 minutes per day, five days per week, for 12 weeks. The paired t-test was used to measure the physical biomarkers, pulmonary lung function, and health-related fitness changes.
Results

Sixty-eight participants completed this study. The findings indicated that the ISC program significantly improved elderly individuals’ physiological biomarkers and health-related fitness, including reduced body weight, waistline, systolic blood pressure, and increased forced vital capacity, biceps arm flexion, sit and stand from a chair, step with a knee up in situ, and stand on one foot with eyes open. Besides wearing a facemask during the activity, almost all participants reported that they felt happy, satisfied and hoped that this program can be continued in their community center.
Conclusion

This pilot study supported the finding that a three-month ISC program can improve physical biomarkers and health-related fitness. The results strongly suggested that community care workers can employ the proposed ISC program as routine activity for community elders.
Robust Metabolic Transcriptional Components in 34,494 Patient-Derived Samples and Cell Lines
Authors: Leeuwenburgh Vincent Christiaan , Urzúa-Traslaviña Carlos G. , Bhattacharya Arkajyoti , Walvoort Marthe T.C. , Jalving Mathilde , de Jong Steven , Fehrmann Rudolf S.N.
Published: July 2021

Background: Patient-derived bulk expression profiles of cancers can provide insight into transcriptional changes that underlie reprogrammed metabolism in cancer. These profiles represent the average expression pattern of all heterogeneous tumor and non-tumor cells present in biopsies of tumor lesions. Hence, subtle transcriptional footprints of metabolic processes can be concealed by other biological processes and experimental artifacts. However, consensus Independent Component Analyses (c-ICA) can capture statistically independent transcriptional footprints, of both subtle and more pronounced metabolic processes. Methods: We performed c-ICA with 34,494 bulk expression profiles of patient-derived tumor biopsies, non-cancer tissues, and cell lines. Gene set enrichment analysis with 608 gene sets that describe metabolic processes was performed to identify transcriptional components enriched for metabolic processes (mTCs). The activity of these mTCs were determined in all samples to create a metabolic transcriptional landscape. Results: A set of 555 mTCs were identified of which many were robust across different datasets, platforms, and patient-derived tissues and cell lines. We demonstrate how the metabolic transcriptional landscape defined by the activity of these mTCs in samples can be used to explore associations between the metabolic transcriptome and drug sensitivities, patient outcomes, and the composition of the immune tumor microenvironment. Conclusions: To facilitate the use of our transcriptional metabolic landscape, we have provided access to all data via a web portal ( www.themetaboliclandscapeofcancer.com ). We believe this resource will contribute to the formulation of new hypotheses on how to metabolically engage the tumor or its (immune) microenvironment.
Naringenin Regulates FKBP4/NR3C1/TMEM173 Signaling Pathway in Autophagy and Proliferation of Breast Cancer and Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cell Maturation
Authors: Xiong Hanchu , Chen Zihan , Lin Baihua , Chen Cong , Li Zhaoqing , Jia Yongshi , Wang Linbo , Zhou Jichun
Published: July 2021

Background

TMEM173 is a pattern recognition receptor detecting cytoplasmic nucleic acids and transmits cGAS related signals that activate host innate immune responses. It has also been found to be involved in tumor immunity and tumorigenesis.
Methods

Bc-GenExMiner, PROMO and STRING database were used for analyzing clinical features and interplays of FKBP4, TMEM173 and NR3C1. Transient transfection, western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, luciferase reporter assay, immunofluorescence and nuclear and cytoplasmic fractionation were used for regulation of FKBP4, TMEM173 and NR3C1. Both knockdown and overexpression of FKBP4, TMEM173 and NR3C1 were used to analyze effects on autophagy and proliferation of breast cancer (BC) cells. Flow cytometry analysis, cytokine analysis and exosome isolation and identification were utilized to test tumor-infiltrating dendritic cell (TIDC) maturation.
Results

In this study, we firstly identified that FKBP4/NR3C1 axis was a novel negative regulator of TMEM173 in BC cells. The effect of FKBP4 appeared to be at the transcriptional level of TMEM173 since it could suppress the promoter activity of TMEM173, thereby affecting TMEM173 at mRNA and protein levels. Bioinformatics and in vitro experiments further demonstrated that FKBP4 regulated TMEM173 via regulating nuclear translocation of NR3C1. We then reported that naringenin, a flavonoid, could enhance autophagy and suppress proliferation of BC cells through the induction of TMEM173 in vitro and in vivo. Naringenin was also found to promote TIDC maturation through FKBP4/NR3C1/TMEM173 axis of both BC cells exosome and DC itself.
Conclusion

We demonstrated that naringenin could induce cell proliferation inhibition and cytoprotective autophagy of BC cells and enhance TIDC maturation, at least in part, though regulation of FKBP4/NR3C1/TMEM173 signaling pathway. Identification of FKBP4/NR3C1 axis as a novel TMEM173 regulator would provide insights for novel anti-tumor strategy against BC among tumor microenvironment.
Predicting Indian Ocean Cyclone Parameters Using an Artificial Intelligence Technique
Authors: Chand C. Purna , Ali M.M. , Himasri B. , Bourassa Mark A , Zheng Yangxing
Published: July 2021

Precise prediction of a cyclone track with wind speed, pressure, landfall point and the time of crossing the land are very essential for the disaster management and mitigation including the evacuation processes. In this paper, we use an artificial neural network (ANN) approach to estimate the cyclone parameters. For this purpose, these parameters are obtained from the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Since ANN benefits from a large number of data points, each cyclone is divided into different segments. We use the past information to predict the cyclone geophysical parameters. The predicted values are compared with the observations.
Diverse Community Leaders’ Perspectives About Quality Primary Healthcare and Healthcare Measurement: Qualitative Community-based Participatory Research
Authors: Culhane-Pera Kathleen , Pergament Shannon L , Kasouaher Maiyia Y , Pattock Andrew M , Dhore Naima , Kaigama Cindy N , Alison Marcela , Scandrett Michael , Thao Mai See , Satin David J
Published: July 2021

BackgroundHealthcare quality measurements in the United States illustrate disparities by racial/ethnic group, socio-economic class, and geographic location. Redressing healthcare inequities, including measurement of and reimbursement for healthcare quality, requires partnering with communities historically excluded from decision-making. Quality healthcare is measured according to insurers, professional organizations and government agencies, with little input from diverse communities. This community-based participatory research study aimed to amplify the voices of community leaders from seven diverse urban communities in Minneapolis-Saint Paul Minnesota, view quality healthcare and financial reimbursement based on quality metric scores.MethodsA Community Engagement Team consisting of one community member from each of seven urban communities —Black/African American, Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transgender-Queer-Two Spirit, Hmong, Latino/a/x, Native American, Somali, and White—and two community-based researchers conducted listening sessions with 20 community leaders about quality primary healthcare. Transcripts were inductively analyzed and major themes were identified.ResultsListening sessions produced three major themes, with recommended actions for primary care clinics. #1: Quality Clinics Utilize Structures and Processes that Support Healthcare Equity #2: Quality Clinics Offer Effective Relationships, Education, and Health Promotion#3: Funding Based on Current Quality Measures Perpetuates Health InequitiesConclusionCommunity leaders identified ideal characteristics of quality primary healthcare, most of which are not currently measured. They expressed concern that linking clinic payment with quality metrics without considering social and structural determinants of health perpetuates social injustice in healthcare.
Duodenal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour Imitating as Pancreatic Head Tumour: A Typical Case of Whodunit
Authors: Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Nayar Raghav , Khera Sudeep , Yadav Taruna , Varshney Bharti , Bhargava Narendra
Published: July 2021

Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumours (D-GISTs) are rare disease. It may arise commonly from second or third part of the duodenum and can be erroneously diagnosed as a pancreatic head tumour due to proximity and morphology on imaging studies. We present a case of a sixty-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and was diagnosed as a case of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour on radiologic imaging and granulomatous lesion on aspiration cytology. On laparotomy, a ~5x3 cm mass was noted in the pancreatic head and pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. Histopathology reported an exophytic GIST arising from the second part of the duodenum.Hence, D-GIST can invade into the pancreas and mimic pancreatic head tumour; therefore, these tumours should be kept in the differential diagnosis of an atypical pancreatic head mass.
Effect of Xiangbin Prescription in Gastrointestinal Function After Gynecological Abdominal Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wu Yuyan , Lin Jinxuan , Zeng Haiping , Chen Yi , Chen Zhiqiang , Chen Qicheng , Jiang Zhi , Huang Jianling , Cao Lixing
Published: July 2021

Background: Recovery of gastrointestinal function after gynecological abdominal surgery is a major clinical problem. An effective intervention to promote the rapid recovery of gastrointestinal function postoperatively is lacking. This randomized trial investigated whether Xiangbin prescription (XBP) was feasible in terms of efficacy and safety on gastrointestinal function recovery in patients after gynecological abdominal surgery. Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted, in which 190 patients with gynecological abdominal surgery who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. They were assigned randomly to XBP group, chewing gum group or blank control group, and respectively received the following treatments: took the XBP twice a day, chewed a piece of gum for about 15 minutes each 4 hours, or received conventional western basic treatment, starting on postoperative day 1 until defecation. Three groups were compared in terms of primary outcomes including the time of the first defecation and the time of the first flatus and secondary outcomes including the level of Ghrelin (GHRL) and the incidence of postoperative complications. Meanwhile, the safety of this trial was evaluated. Results: There was no statistical difference in baseline characteristics among the three groups. For the time of the first flatus, XBP group (22.33 ± 6.68 h) showed less time compared with the chewing gum group (23.06 ± 7.37 h), while it was shorter than that in the blank control group (25.86 ± 7.93 h) with significant difference (P < 0.05). As for the time of the first defecation, XBP group (38.65 ± 12.96 h) showed shorter time significantly compared with both the chewing gum group (47.29 ± 14.50 h) and the blank control group (54.01 ± 20.32 h) (P < 0.05). For the postoperative GHRL levels, XBP group was higher than that in the chewing gum group with no significant difference and had more significant improvement of the GHRL levels at postoperative day 3 compared with the blank control group (P < 0.05). For postoperative complications, XBP group had lower incidence than the other two groups but with no significant difference. For safety evaluations, no serious adverse events occurred in the three groups. Conclusions: XBP could promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function after gynecological abdominal surgery and it is overall safe. Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered by Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with the identifier number, ChiCTR1900026327, at September 30, 2019. http://www.chictr.org.cn/.
Increased Risk of Malignancy in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Population-based Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Han Jung-Yong , Kim Hyoungyoung , Jung Sun-Young , Jang Eun Jin , Cho Soo-Kyung , Sung Yoon-Kyoung
Published: July 2021

Background This study aimed to evaluate the crude incidence rates and relative risk of malignancy in Korean patients with SLE.Methods We conducted a retrospective nationwide cohort study using databases from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. All prevalent SLE patients aged over 19 were identified from January 2012 to December 2014 and observed until the diagnosis of malignancy, death, or end of the study, December 2015. The crude incidence rates (IRs) and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of overall and site-specific malignancies in SLE patients were estimated.Results We identified 17,854 SLE patients and during the observation period (60,511 person-years [PYs]), 768 solid malignancies (126.9/10,000 PYs) and 68 haematologic malignancies (11.2/10,000 PYs) occurred in SLE patients. In SLE patients, breast and reproductive system and thyroid cancers occurred predominantly, followed by liver and colon cancers. The SIRs of overall, solid, and haematologic malignancies of SLE patients compared to the general population were 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-1.9), 1.7 (95% CI 1.5-1.8), and 5.9 (95% CI 4.8-7.3), respectively. In solid malignancies, head and neck (2.7, 95% CI 1.1-4.2), bladder (2.4, 95% CI 1.1-3.8), liver (1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.3), pancreas (1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), lung (1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.4), colon (1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2), thyroid (1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.8) and breast and reproductive system (1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.7) cancers are at increased risk in SLE patients.Conclusion An increased risk of haematologic and solid malignancies was observed in Korean patients with SLE compared to the general population.
A One-Stage Ensemble Framework based on Convolutional Autoencoder for Remaining Useful Life Estimation
Authors: Park Yong-Keun , Kim Min-Kyung , Um Jumyung
Published: July 2021

The research on predictive maintenance of rotating machines, the most important element in manufacturing facilities, has been very active. The widespread availability of smart factory solutions has led to improved data collection from machines and processes and is able to provide key information. For our purpose, the collected information enables the maintenance system to predict the remaining useful life using deep learning models. The introduction of multi-layer perceptron of signal processing originating from bearings, in time series data, has been discussed in many publications. However, estimating accuracy for the remaining useful life is determined by the selection of the feature domain and the concatenation network model. Herein, we introduce a convolutional Autoencoder based on multi-domain ensemble learning in order to include various feature domains and a concatenation network operated by latent space into a single neural network. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated by using a simple health indicator and a PRONOSTIA dataset and compared with a simple concatenation model, 2-stage Autoencoder, and a recurrent neural network.
Elimination of PRRS Using An Inactivated Vaccine in Combination With A Roll-Over Method in A Hungarian Large-Scale Pig Herd
Authors: Pertich Attila , Barna Zoltán , Makai Orsolya , Farkas János , Molnár Tamás , Bálint Ádám , Szabó István , Albert Mihály
Published: July 2021

Background:Four countries are free from the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Europe, a virus that causes severe economic losses worldwide. A number of countries have initiated eradication programmes against the disease. Among the applied methods, complete depopulation-repopulation is the safest and fastest but at the same time the most expensive process. Another possible way of heard eradication is to replace the infected breading stock by gilts reared PRRSV free on the infected farm. This way maintaining continued farm production. In this paper, the authors present a successful complex method of eradication (including the application of an inactivated vaccine and segregated rearing of offspring) in a Hungarian large scale pig farm. Case presentation:A farm of 1475 sows (Farm A) was infected with PRRSV and the clinical signs of reproductive failure were eliminated by using an inactivated vaccine (Progressis®, Ceva). At the beginning of eradication, gilts selected for breeding were vaccinated at 60 and 90–100 days of age, respectively. The subsequent vaccinations of breeding animals were applied at 6 months of age, on the 60–70th day of pregnancy and at weaning. The 7weeks-old piglets of the vaccinated sows, approximately 1200 piglets were transported in groups of 300 animals to a closed, empty farm (Farm B) after a testing negative with PCR, and they were reared here until 14 weeks of age. These seronegative gilts were subsequently transported to a third, closed, empty farm (Farm C), and (having reached the breeding age) they were inseminated here after a negative serological test (ELISA). At the same time, Farm A was depopulated, cleaned and disinfected. All pregnant gilts were transported from Farm C to Farm A after being tested negative with ELISA, where follow-up was performed after farrowing by two serological tests with an interval of six months. Based on the subsequent negative test results, the competent authority declared the herd PRRSV free. Conclusions:The farm presented in this study was the first in the course of the National PRRS Eradication Programme to eradicate PRRSV successfully by vaccinating the sows with an inactivated vaccine and performing segregated rearing of the offspring. Production was almost continuous during the whole process of the population replacement. Testing for monitoring purposes was also cheaper and simpler because of the use of an inactivated vaccine.
Adaptive CNC Machining Process Optimization of Near- net- shaped Blade based on Machining Error data Flow Control
Authors: Wu Dongbo , hui wang , lei he , Yu Jie
Published: July 2021

Adaptive CNC machining process is one of the efficient processing solution for near- net- shaped blade, this study proposes an adaptive computer numerical control (CNC) machining process optimization scheme based on multi-process machining errors data flow control. The geometric and mechanical models of the multi-process adaptive CNC machining process are firstly constructed. The multi-process machining error data flow and the process system stiffness of near- net- shaped blade are then experimentally explored. The machining error flow collaborative control of the near- net- shaped blade multi-process CNC machining is finally realized by the adaptive CNC machining process under the premise of sufficient stiffness of the blade- fixture system. The results show that the dynamic displacement response of the blade multi-process CNC machining process is controlled within 0.007mm. The optimized adaptive CNC machining process based on the multi-process geometric machining error data flow control and the sufficient stiffness of blade- fixture system can realize the multi-process machining error control and high-precision machining of near- net- shaped blade. The process chain of the optimized adaptive CNC machining process is reduced by 87% compared with the low melting point alloy pouring process and 50% compared with adaptive CNC machining process of the twice on-machine measurement on the blade body.
Prognostic Influence of Spontaneous Tumor Rupture in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatectomy: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Xu Jiaxuan , Gu Lihu , Xu Binbin , Si Yuexiu , He Yujing , Chen Ping
Published: July 2021

Background: This study aims to comprehensively analyze the influence of spontaneous tumor rupture on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients following hepatic resection.Methods: We systematically searched four online electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, for eligible studies published from inception to March 2021. The main endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).Results: This meta-analysis included 21 observational articles with 57241 cases. The results revealed that spontaneous tumor rupture was associated with worse OS (hazard ratio (HR), 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.33-2.05) and DFS (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.12-1.80) in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients. This phenomenon was observed in most subgroups, which were classified by recorded survival time, age, country, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentration, liver cirrhosis, and microvascular invasion. However, in subgroups of macrovascular invasion positive, spontaneous tumor rupture was not a risk factor for OS (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.99-2.42) and DFS (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.91-1.65) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after hepatectomy. For macrovascular invasion negative, compared with non-ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma patients, ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma patients exhibited worse prognosis for OS (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.99-2.42) and DFS (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.91-1.65) following hepatectomy.Conclusions: Spontaneous tumor rupture was a prognostic risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma patients after hepatic resection. However, in macrovascular invasion patients, spontaneous tumor rupture was not a prognostic risk factor.
A Tentative Study of Individual Puncture Path of PVP/ PKP in Treating OVCFs
Authors: Guo Sheng , Xiao Changming , Wang Chenglong , Li Sen
Published: July 2021

Background: The prior objective of this study is to discuss individualized puncture path of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of the elderly with severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Previous studys have compared the clinical efficacy and safety of PVP and PKP. Based on their research results, we will make a further investigation about this two main operations in treating OVCFs and propose a set of original and feasible puncture plan in clinical work, which will improve efficiency and safety of PKP and PVP.Methods: We searched all the articles related to PVP and PKP in treating OVCFs on medicine database. Issues of the selected journals published from 1999 to 2020 were hand-searched by us, including experimental or review articles. Combining conclusions of these researches and clinical cases of our department, we are forged to find more common and preferred treatments for patients with OVCFs under different situations.Results: Most of thees studies revealed that there was no significant difference in relieving the back pain and improving the quality of patients’ life between PVP and PKP surgeries, which generally based on the VAS scores and Oswestry disability index(ODI) scores. However, PKP has a lower rate of bone cement leakage and incidence of adjacent vertebrae fracture than the PVP. Restoring the vertebral height and local kyphotic angle corrections of PKP are much better than that of PVP. On the other hand, more operation time, higher cost and rate of re-surgery of PKP should also be taken into consideration when we make better choice for patients. Therefore, we are forged to find individual methods for patients who are diagnosed as OVCFs.Conclusions: Both the two types of operation can significantly relieve the pain of the patients ,reduce the risk of occurring complication and mortality after OVCFs. There is no so-called best treatment for patients between PVP and PKP. We should take the comprehensive actual conditions into account when choosing surgical methods for patients with OVCFs, which is absolutely vital to us. However, individual puncture path is beneficial for us to make operations including both PKP and PVP.
In-depth Proteomic Profiling Captures Subtype-specific Features of Craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Kim Jung Hee , Kim Hyeyoon , Dan Kisoon , Kim Seong-Ik , Park Sung-Hye , Han Dohyun , Kim Yong Hwy
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Craniopharyngiomas are rare epithelial tumors derived from pituitary gland embryonic tissue. This epithelial tumor can be categorized as an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) or papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) subtype with histopathological and genetic differences. Genomic and transcriptomic profiles of craniopharyngiomas have been investigated; however, the proteomic profile has yet to be elucidated and added to these profiles. Recent improvements in high-throughput quantitative proteomic approaches have introduced new opportunities for a better understanding of these diseases and the efficient discovery of biomarkers. We aimed to confirm subtype-associated proteomic changes between ACP and PCP specimens.Methods: We performed a system-level proteomic study using an integrated approach that combines mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic, statistical, and bioinformatics analyses.Results: The bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins between ACP and PCP were significantly involved in mitochondrial organization, fatty acid metabolic processes, exocytosis, the inflammatory response, the cell cycle, RNA splicing, cell migration, and neuron development. Furthermore, using network analysis, we identified hub proteins that were positively correlated with ACP and PCP phenotypes.Conclusions: Our findings improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of craniopharyngiomas and provide novel insights that may ultimately translate to the development of craniopharyngioma subtype-specific therapeutics.
Comparison of the Posterior-anterior Approach and Lateral-medial Approach for Complex AO/OTA Type C Intra-articular Fractures of Distal Humerus
Authors: Chen Yongchang , Xiao Fei , Chen Jian , Wei Lin , Zheng Guoqing , Wei Zhongsheng , Li Jingpu , Tu Jialei , Wang Gang , Wang Xiao , Xu Haibo
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate clinical effects of the treatment of intra-articular distal humeral fractures via the combined posterior olecranon osteotomy and anterior approach and the combined lateral Kaplan approach associated with the medial approach. Methods: Between July 2010 and September 2019, 28 cases of intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus (AO/OTA type C) were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via the posterior and anterior approach and combined lateral-medial approach, which were divided into the P-A (n = 13) and L-M (n = 15) groups, respectively. The outcomes in terms of function were assessed using the range of motion (ROM) of the elbow and forearm, humerotrochlear (HT) angle, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), and efficacy grade evaluated using the scoring system of Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) at the one-year follow-up. Results: The ﬂexion-extension of elbows and pronation-supination of forearms were respectively 114.1° ± 12.4° and 157.3° ± 9.6° in the P-A group and 117.1° ± 14.5° and 161.3° ± 10.7° in the L-M group. No significant diﬀerence was observed between the two groups for the elbow and forearm ROM (p > 0.05). Furthermore, surgery duration, blood loss volume, HT angle, MEPS, VAS scores, OTA rating, and the morbidity of postoperative complications during the one-year follow-up did not differ between groups. Conclusion: The posterior olecranon osteotomy and anterior approach can be used efficiently for exposure of complex distal humeral injuries with similar clinical efficacy and complications in the treatment of intra-articular distal humeral fractures as compared to the lateral-medial approach.
AGAR a Microbial Colony Dataset for Deep Learning Detection
Authors: Majchrowska Sylwia , Pawlowski Jaroslaw , Gula Grzegorz , Bonus Tomasz , Hanas Agata , Loch Adam , Pawlak Agnieszka , Roszkowiak Justyna , Golan Tomasz , Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna
Published: July 2021

The Annotated Germs for Automated Recognition (AGAR) dataset is an image database of microbial colonies cultured on agar plates. It contains 18 000 photos of five different microorganisms as single or mixed cultures, taken under diverse lighting conditions with two different cameras. All the images are classified into countable, uncountable, and empty, with the countable class labeled by microbiologists with colony location and species identification (336 442 colonies in total). This study describes the dataset itself and the process of its development. In the second part, the performance of selected deep neural network architectures for object detection, namely Faster R-CNN and Cascade R-CNN, was evaluated on the AGAR dataset. The results confirmed the great potential of deep learning methods to automate the process of microbe localization and classification based on Petri dish photos. Moreover, AGAR is the first publicly available dataset of this kind and size and will facilitate the future development of machine learning models. The data used in these studies can be found at https://agar.neurosys.com/.
Integrated Analysis of Dysregulated microRNA and mRNA Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells following Ethanol Intoxication and Burn Injury
Authors: Herrnreiter Caroline , Li Xiaoling , Luck Marisa , Zilliox Michael , Choudhry Mashkoor
Published: July 2021

Gut barrier dysfunction is often implicated in pathology following alcohol intoxication and burn injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are negative regulators of gene expression that play a central role in gut homeostasis, although their role after alcohol and burn injury is poorly understood. We performed an integrated analysis of miRNA and RNA sequencing data to identify a network of interactions within small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) which could promote gut barrier disruption. Mice were gavaged with ~ 2.9 g/Kg ethanol and four hours later given a ~ 12.5% TBSA full thickness scald injury. One day later, IECs were harvested and total RNA extracted for RNA-seq and miRNA-sEq. RNA sequencing showed 712 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (padj < 0.05) in IECs following alcohol and burn injury. Furthermore, miRNA sequencing revealed 17 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) (padj < 0.1). Utilizing the miRNet, miRDB and TargetScan databases, we identified both validated and predicted miRNA gene targets. Integration of small RNA sequencing data with mRNA sequencing results identified correlated changes in miRNA and target expression. Overall, these findings suggest that alcohol and burn injury significantly alters the mRNA and miRNA expression profile of IECs and reveals numerous miRNA-mRNA interactions that regulate critical pathways for gut barrier function after alcohol and burn injury.
Effect of Workplace Stress on the Perceived Health of Resident Doctors Nigeria
Authors: Alao Adegboyega Olalekan , Obimakinde Abimbola , Ogunbode Adetola
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to assess workplace stress among the resident doctors, examine their perceived health status, and determine the effect of workplace stress on their perceived health status.The study was a cross-sectional study conducted among resident doctors at University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan Nigeria across all the specialties over a three-month period, from 1st March to 31st May, 2019. Two hundred and thirty-two eligible and consenting resident doctors were selected by stratified random sampling and data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.Results showed the 144 (62.1%) of the resident doctors experienced workplace stress and 108 (46.6%) resident doctors perceived their health as poor. Workplace stress, years in residency program, designation, and work hours on least busy day at work were all significantly associated with perceived health status of the resident doctors, however, only workplace could independently predict poor perceived health status of the resident doctors.It is therefore important to prevent and mange workplace stress in order to improve the perceived status of resident doctors.
Tunable optical fiber cascade filter by magneto-optical effect
Authors: Younus Shahad I , Al-Dergazly Anwaar A , Abass A K
Published: July 2021

Optical filters based on cascade single mode - multimode - single mode fiber structure (SMS) has considerable attention as a reliable optical device the reliability is due to its simplicity, compactness, low cost, all fiber device, low transmission loss, and can be continuously tune the laser wavelength at a specific spectral range. The principle of the operation is based on self- image and multimode interference (MMI) phenomena. A tunable filter was simulated based on cascade single mode-no core-single mode (SNS) fiber structure surrounded by magneto-optical fluid (MOF) using finite element method (FEM), the influence of the no core fiber (NCF) diameter and length on the tunablility and the bandwidth is investigated and optimized. Two materials were adopted as a MOF. The results show that the tunability of the filter can be improved by decreasing the NCF diameter. A continuous wavelength tunability about 37 nm from 1518 to 1555 nm with a bandwidth about 10 nm is obtained. The device is highly stable, inexpensive, provide wide tuning range compared with other tuning methods. This device can be used in optical communication, fiber sensor, spectroscopy, and in fiber laser technology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first optical fiber MMI tunable filter by magnetic field effect.