bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Double Layer Potential in Regularized Stokeslet Models of Self-Propulsion
Authors: Smith David John , Gallagher Meurig Thomas , Schuech Rudi , Montenegro-Johnson Thomas Douglas
Published: September 2021

The method of regularized stokeslets is widely-used to model microscale biological propulsion. The method is usually implemented with only the single layer potential, with the double layer potential being neglected, despite this formulation often not being justified a priori due to non-rigid surface deformation. We describe a meshless approach enabling inclusion of the double layer which is applied to several Stokes flow problems in which neglect of the double layer is not strictly valid: the drag on a spherical droplet with partial slip boundary condition, swimming velocity and rate of working of a force-free spherical squirmer, and trajectory, swimmer-generated flow and rate of working of undulatory swimmers of varying slenderness. The resistance problem is solved accurately with modest discretization on a notebook computer with the inclusion of the double layer ranging from no-slip to free slip limits; neglect of the double layer potential results in up to 24% error, confirming the importance of the double layer in applications such as nanofluidics, in which partial slip may occur. The squirming swimmer problem is also solved for both velocity and rate of working to within a few percent error when the double layer potential is included, but the error in the rate of working is above 250% when the double layer is neglected. The undulating swimmer problem by contrast produces a very similar value of the velocity and rate of working for both slender and non-slender swimmers, whether or not the double layer is included, which may be due to the deformation’s `locally rigid body’ nature, providing empirical evidence that its neglect may be reasonable in many problems of interest. Inclusion of the double layer enables us to confirm robustly that slenderness provides major advantages in efficient motility despite minimal qualitative changes to the flow field and force distribution.
Relationships Between Mitochondrial Function, AMPK and TORC1 Signalling in Lymphoblasts with Premutation Alleles of the FMR1 Gene
Authors: Fisher Paul , Allan Claire Y , Sanislav Oana , Atkinson Anna , Ngoie Kevin , Kemp Bruce , Storey Elsdon , Loesch Danuta , Annesley Sarah J
Published: September 2021

The X-linked FMR1 gene contains a non-coding trinucleotide repeat in its 5’ region that in normal, healthy individuals contains 20-44 copies. Large expansions of this region (>200 copies) cause fragile X syndrome (FXS), but expansions of 55-199 copies (referred to as premutation alleles) predispose carriers to a neurodegenerative disease called fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). The cytopathological mechanisms underlying FXTAS are poorly understood, but abnormalities in mitochondrial function are believed to play a role. We previously reported that lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs, or lymphoblasts) of premutation carriers have elevated mitochondrial respiratory activities. In the carriers, especially those not clinically affected with FXTAS, AMPK activity was shown to be elevated. In the FXTAS patients, however, it was negatively correlated with brain white matter lesions, suggesting a protective role in the molecular mechanisms. Here we report an enlarged and extended study of mitochondrial function and associated cellular stress-signalling pathways in lymphoblasts isolated from male and female premutation carriers, regardless of their clinical status, and healthy controls. The results confirmed the elevation of AMPK and mitochondrial respiratory activities and reduction of reactive O2 species (ROS) levels in premutation cells and revealed for the first time that TORC1 activities are reduced. Extensive correlation, multiple regression and Principal Components analysis revealed the best fitting statistical explanations of these changes in terms of the other variables measured. These suggested which variables might be the most “proximal” regulators of the others in the extensive network of known causal interactions amongst the measured parameters of mitochondrial function and cellular stress signalling. In the resulting model, the premutation alleles activate AMPK and inhibit both TORC1 and ROS production, the reduced TORC1 activity contributes to activation of AMPK activation and of nonmitochondrial metabolism, and the higher AMPK activity results in elevated catabolic metabolism, mitochondrial respiration and ATP steady state levels. In addition the results suggest a separate CGG repeat number-dependent elevation of TORC1 activity that is insufficient to overcome the inhibition of TORC1 in premutation cells, but may presage the previously reported activation of TORC1 in FXS cells.
ELTD1 Activation Induces an Endothelial-EMT Transition to a Myofibroblast Phenotype
Authors: Sheldon Helen , Alexander John , Bridges Esther M. , Moreira Lucia , Reilly Svetlana , Ang Koon Hwee , Wang Dian , Lin Salwa , Haider Syed , Banham Alison H. , Harris Adrian L.
Published: September 2021

ELTD1 is expressed in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and has a role in angiogenesis. It has been classified as an adhesion GPCR, but as yet, no ligand has been identified and its function remains unknown. To establish its role, ELTD1 was overexpressed in endothelial cells. Expression and consequently ligand independent activation of ELTD1 results in EndMT with a loss of cell-cell contact, formation of stress fibres and mature focal adhesions and an increased expression of smooth muscle actin. The effect was pro-angiogenic, increasing Matrigel network formation and endothelial sprouting. RNA-Seq analysis after the cells had undergone EndMT revealed large increases in chemokines and cytokines involved in regulating immune response. Gene set enrichment analysis of the data identified a number of pathways involved in myofibroblast biology suggesting that the endothelial cells had undergone a type II EMT. This type of EMT is involved in wound repair and is closely associated with inflammation implicating ELTD1 in these processes.
Identity Evolutions, Models of Using Internet and Bonding Social Capital in Iran (A Step in the Direction of Presenting a Structural Model (Path Model) with Case Study of Kerman City)
Authors: Sanatkhah Alireza
Published: September 2021

In this research, we are attempting to review the relationship between users' models of using internet and bonding social capitals in Iran. The theoretical framework of the research are based on theoretical approaches of Dearnly and Feder, Velleman, Katz in the field of internet and models of using it and views of Putnam, Woolcock regarding social capital. The method used in this research is a qualitative – quantitative mixed method and the sampling method which has been used in the qualitative method is the purposive sampling method (theoretical sampling) and in the quantitative method, a combination of clustering, systematic and stratified sampling method in proportion with age and gender has been used. The statistical population of all persons who are 15 years old and more in Kerman city has been estimated to be 515114 persons in 2019 and the research sample has been estimated to be about 400 persons. Research results indicate that the rate of citizens' usage of internet in Kerman city is very low (less than 5 hours per week). Other results of the research indicate that regarding the model based on information associated with news, mostly filtered and unpermitted news sites such as VOA, BBC and other networks have been used. Research data regarding social identity is indicative of formation of identity evolutions in the contemporary society of Iran. The results of the path model test of the research indicate that news and economic information based models have about (0.11) direct and positive impact and ethnic identity has a direct and positive impact (0.189) and group identity has about (-0.131) impact and entertainment based model has about (0.130) impact on social capital. The results of variables' indirect impacts have also been expressed in the research
An Analysis of COVID-19 in Europe Based on Fractal Dimension and Meteorological Data
Authors: Pacurar Cristina Maria , Păcurar Victor Dan , Paun Marius
Published: September 2021

The present paper proposes a fractal analysis of the Covid-19 dynamics in 45 European countries. We introduce a new idea of using the box-counting dimension of the epidemiologic curves as a means of classifying the Covid-19 pandemic in the countries taken into consideration. The classification can be a useful tool in deciding upon the quality and accuracy of the data available. We also investigated the reproduction rate, which proves to have significant fractal features, thus enabling another perspective on this epidemic characteristic. Moreover, we studied the correlation between two meteorological parameters: global radiation and daily mean temperature and two Covid-19 indicators: daily new cases and reproduction rate. The fractal dimension differences between the analysed time series graphs could represent a preliminary analysis criterion, increasing research efficiency. Daily global radiation was found to be stronger linked with Covid-19 new cases than air temperature (with a greater correlation coefficient -0.386, as compared with -0.318), and consequently it is recommended as the first-choice meteorological variable for prediction models.
Leveraging Japanese Sado Island Farmers’ GIAHS Inclusivity by Understanding Their Perceived Involvement
Authors: Maharjan Keshav Lall , Gonzalvo Clarisse , Aala Wilson Jr.
Published: September 2021

Sado island in Niigata prefecture is among the first GIAHS designated sites in Japan and among developed countries worldwide. Recent studies have pointed out the need to incorporate culture and farmer opinions to further strengthen GIAHS inclusivity in rural farming. In connection to this, the study explored whether farmer visibility, which is highlighted by GIAHS designation, actually translates to farmers’ actual perception of GIAHS involvement. A survey was conducted among Sado island farmers to determine their knowledge and perception of their GIAHS involvement, in connection to their perspectives on youth involvement, Sado island branding, and tourism management. Results showed that 56.3% of Sado island farmers feel uninvolved or unsure towards GIAHS, which is in stark contrast with the prevalent farming method in the area which is special farming (complies with GIAHS regulations). Further analyses revealed that farmers who feel that GIAHS does not promote youth involvement, Sado island branding, and tourism management have higher predisposition to perceive themselves as uninvolved towards GIAHS. This study highlights the need for careful reevaluation and integration of farmer insights and needs to the current GIAHS implementation in Sado island and in other GIAHS as well.
Statistical Analysis of Dynamic Subgrid Modeling Approaches in Large Eddy Simulation
Authors: Hossen Mohammad Khalid , Mulayath Variyath Asokan , Alam Jahrul M
Published: September 2021

In large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flows, the most critical dynamical processes to be considered by dynamic subgrid models to account for an average cascade of kinetic energy from the largest to the smallest scales of the flow is not fully clear. Furthermore, evidence of vortex stretching being the primary mechanism of the cascade is not out of the question. In this article, we study some essential statistical characteristics of vortex stretching and its role in dynamic approaches of modeling subgrid-scale turbulence. We have compared the interaction of subgrid stresses with the filtered quantities among four models using invariants of the velocity gradient tensor. This technique is a single unified approach to studying a wide range of length scales in the turbulent flow. In addition, it also provides a rational basis for the statistical characteristics a subgrid model must serve in physical space to ensure an appropriate cascade of kinetic energy. Results indicate that the stretching mechanism extracts energy from the large-scale straining motion and passes it onto small-scale stretched vortices.
Genomic Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ramachandran Dhanya , Dörk Thilo
Published: September 2021

Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer amongst women worldwide. Environmental factors such as smoking and obesity, and recurrent infection by high-risk human papillomavirus subtypes are known to promote progression towards invasive cervical disease. Infection by high-risk HPV is necessary in most cases but not sufficient to develop invasive cervical cancer. Despite a predicted genetic heritability of between 27-36%, known genetic susceptibility loci that may be tumorigenic or influence host response to infection, only account for a small fraction of heritable risk factors so far. Various biobank-driven population based studies and meta-analyses have found corroborative evidence for several risk variants at the 6p21.3 locus (HLA), while many reports of variants outside the HLA region remain to be validated in other cohorts. Here, we review cervical cancer susceptibility variants arising from recent genome-wide association studies and meta-analysis in large cohorts and propose 2q14 (PAX8), 17q12 (GSDMB), and 5p15.33 (CLPTM1L) as consistently replicated non-HLA cervical cancer susceptibility loci. We further discuss the available evidence for these loci, knowledge gaps, future perspectives, and the potential impact of these findings on precision medicine strategies to combat cervical cancer.
THE EFFECT OF JOB INVOLVMENT, TRAINING AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES ON BUREAU HUMAN RESOURCES ORGANIZATIONS AND LAW INDONESIAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AERONANTICS AND SPACE
Authors: Ayu Gultom Merry , Dewi Susita  , Christian Wiradendi Wolor
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of job involvement, training, and career development on the performance of Bureau Human Resources, Organization and Law LAPAN. The population in this study were employees of the Environment Bureau Human Resources, Organization and Law LAPAN. The sampling technique with the probability sample technique used cluster sampling and the respondents in the study were 40 respondents. The data collection tool used is a questionnaire with a likert scale and data processing using SPSS 24. The research method uses multiple linear regression analysis. Research results and hypotheses indicate that partially or simultaneously job involvement, training, and career development affect the performance of  Bureau Human Resources, Organization and Law LAPAN.

Keywords: Work engangment, career development, training, performance
The Effect of Situational Factor, Visual Merchandising, and Electronic Word of Mouth on Impulsive Buying Behavior on Video on Demand Services Current The Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Saif Furqan Abdullah Muhammad , Artanti Yessy
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic situation makes people tend to consume video on demand as an alternative for home entertainment. This makes video on demand service providers compete by taking advantage of this situation. Sometimes the existing stimulus can lead people to buy products impulsively. This study aims to examine the effect of situational factor, visual merchandising, and electronic word of mouth on impulse buying behavior. This study used non-probability sampling techniques and the method used was judgmental sampling. This study focuses on Netflix consumers aged 18-39 who bought Netflix products impulsively during the COVID-19 pandemic. 200 respondents collected using the online bilingual questionnaire in English and Indonesian and spread over 32 countries. Data were analyzed using a multiple linear regression method. The results showed that situational factor and electronic word of mouth significantly influence on impulse buying behavior. Meanwhile, visual merchandising has no influence on impulse buying behavior. This can be used as a reference in increasing sales by maximizing consumer impulse buying behavior.
Patellar Fractures
Authors: Howatt Jonathan , Liew Allan S. , Wilkin Geoffrey
Published: September 2021

➤ A preoperative computed tomography scan may be considered to improve surgical planning, as secondary fracture lines are poorly visualized on radiographs.

➤ Oblique internal and external rotation fluoroscopic views may be used intraoperatively to fully evaluate the medial and lateral facet articular reduction if direct assessment by visualization or palpation is not completed.

➤ Partial patellectomy for inferior pole fractures should be avoided, and bone-preserving procedures are recommended.

➤ A lateral arthrotomy may be used for direct visualization of the articular reduction for multifragmentary fractures. An inferomedial arthrotomy should be avoided to protect the dominant blood supply of the patella.

➤ Tension band fixation with cannulated screws yields a lower reoperation rate, improved functional outcome scores, and better performance in biomechanical studies than Kirschner wire-based tension band fixation.

➤ Preliminary studies of novel plate and screw constructs for osteosynthesis have shown promising results.
An evaluation of soil phosphorus storage capacity (SPSC) at proposed wetland restoration locations in the western Lake Erie Basin
Authors: Berkowitz Jacob , VanZomeren Christine , Hurst Nia , Sebastian Kristina
Published: September 2021

Historical loss of wetlands coupled with excess phosphorus (P) loading at watershed scales have degraded water quality in portions of the western Lake Erie Basin (WLEB). In response, efforts are underway to restore wetlands and decrease P loading to surface waters. Because wetlands have a finite capacity to retain P, researchers have developed techniques to determine whether wetlands function as P sources or sinks. The following technical report evaluates the soil P storage capacity (SPSC) at locations under consideration for wetland restoration in collaboration with the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) and the H2Ohio initiative. Results indicate that the examined soils display a range of P retention capacities, reflecting historic land-use patterns and management regimes. However, the majority of study locations exhibited some capacity to sequester additional P. The analysis supports development of rankings and comparative analyses of areas within a specific land parcel, informing management through design, avoidance, removal, or remediation of potential legacy P sources. Additionally, the approaches described herein support relative comparisons between multiple potential wetland development properties. These results, in conjunction with other data sources, can be used to target, prioritize, justify, and improve decision-making for wetland management activities in the WLEB.
Efectos de los factores de riesgo sobre la interrupción de los estudios en jóvenes universitarios durante la covid-19
Authors: Miranda Rodríguez Víctor José , Alarcón Diaz Henry Hugo
Published: September 2021

La situación del estudiantado universitario, en la coyuntura actual de la pandemia, necesita desplegar esfuerzos para mantenerse como estudiantes y no seguir el destino que tuvieron los compañeros que abandonaron sus estudios. El objetivo de este artículo fue conocer los efectos de los factores de riesgo sobre la interrupción de los estudios en estudiantes universitarios durante la emergencia sanitaria por la covid-19. La unidad de análisis fueron estudiantes del cuarto ciclo de una universidad privada, y los resultados concluyentes arrojan que la deserción estudiantil se relaciona con cuatro factores: familiar, motivacional, institucional y económico. El factor institucional resultó influyente, al no ajustar su apoyo con el tema económico; sin embargo, el factor de riesgo económico fue el más relevante para que se tome la decisión de abandonar los estudios, ya sea de manera temporal o parcial, o también, como ocurre en muchas ocasiones, de manera definitiva.
Challenges and Results of the First Ultra-High-Speed ESP Rental Project – A Case Study. Hyper Speed ESP 15,000 rpm as the Next Step to the Future
Authors: Alexeev Yaroslav , Shakirov Anton , Yamilov Rishat
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the results of an ongoing rental project at Slavneft (a company belonging on a parity basis to Gazpromneft and Rosneft) within 13 Licence Areas. The main target of Ultra-High-Speed ESP implementation was to address challenges where traditional technologies become inefficient, with the main priority given to production gain. The paper scope is focused on how production gain and power savings were achieved.

Ultra-High-Speed ESP (UHS ESP) Systems have grown in popularity in recent years due to a set of advantages, including power efficiency, wide operating range, robust design, etc. Once the technology reached a level where equipment runlife became superior to standard ESPs (STD ESP), it opened new prospects for exploring various types of business models with lease being one of them. Project scope at Slavneft group of field required solutions for depleting reservoirs in slim casing (5.5" and 5.75"). Since production gain was given high priority, deeper ESP installation was required.

Target KPI's uncovered the benefit of short UHS downhole string length, which allows for deeper installation, where dogleg severity becomes critical and traditional ESP cannot be set. Preliminary results of a three-year project with one-year qualification are as follows:

Net production gain of 13,846 tons of oil (103,200 stb) achieved through deeper installation, average daily production gain 23.9 %; Flowing bottom hole pressure reduced by 11.8 bar (24.6 %) on average; UHS ESPs installed deeper by average 252 m (827 ft) than previously installed standard ESP; Average specific power consumption optimized by 6.1 kW*h/m3 (liquid) or 23.5 %; Total power saved is over 1,685,553 kW*h.

This case study touches on broader aspects of the rental project, demonstrating specific topics within the area of UHS ESP application. As technology benefits become more apparent and they offer tremendous opportunities for production optimization, with time, the UHS ESP may completely replace standard approach.

The results of this study and a number of other successful projects all over the world have paved the way for a more advanced approach in Artificial Lift. Taking a step forward towards unlocking potential of every well, the final chapter of this paper presents the results of a 7-year long project, aimed at bringing to life a Hyper Speed ESP system, with its speed rating reaching 15,000 rpm. The Hyper Speed ESP designed to provide ultimate solution for ESP lifted wells:

Ready for practically any downhole conditions Benchmark reliability & efficiency Rigless live-well deployment Inexpensive intervention, compact & slim

Paper scope covers technological hurdles and corresponding engineering solutions.
Extensive Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Francone Anibal , Charles Martin
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical outcomes of Brilliant Blue G (BBG)–assisted extensive internal limiting membrane peeling (eILMp) for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) under three-dimensional (3D) visualization. Methods: This study constitutes a retrospective case series conducted in a private retina practice, of 14 consecutive patients (14 eyes) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) complicated by PVR who underwent pars plana vitrectomy between January 2019 and January 2020. The internal limiting membrane (ILM) was selectively stained with BBG, and perspectives were enhanced with a 3D visualization system. We peeled off the ILM beyond the vascular arcades up to the periphery. The main outcome was anatomical success, defined as persistent retinal reattachment after removal of the silicone oil tamponade.Results: Anatomic success was achieved with a single surgery in 11 of 14 (78.6%) eyes, and eventual success was achieved in all eyes. The mean patient follow-up time was 12.3 months (range, 7–16 months). The mean preoperative logMAR BCVA was 2.09 (range, 2.8–1.3), which decreased to 1.54 (range, 2.8–0.6) at the last follow-up. Conclusion: This technique allowed the creation of a cleavage plane underlying the PVR membranes that facilitated its complete ILM removal, thereby reducing the risk of recurrence of retinal detachment.
A Two-sided Matching Decision-making Approach based on PROMETHEE Under the Probabilistic Linguistic Environment
Authors: Jia Xiang , Wang Yingming
Published: September 2021

Matching problems in daily life can be effectively solved by two-sided matching decision-making (TSMDM) approaches. The involved matching intermediary is to match two sides of subjects. This paper proposes a TSMDM approach based on preference ranking organization method (PROMETHEE) under the probabilistic linguistic environment. The probabilistic linguistic evaluations are firstly normalized and transformed to the benefit types. Then, the preference degrees of a subject over other subjects from the same side are obtained by using six types of preference function. Afterwards, groups of preference degrees of a subject are aggregated to the preference indexes by considering the weights of criteria. Hereafter, the preference degrees of a subject over other subjects from the same side are aggregated to the outgoing flow, while the preference degrees of other subjects from the same side over this subject are aggregated to the incoming flow. Furthermore, the net-flows, which is recognized as the satisfaction degrees are calculated by using outgoing flows to minus incoming flows. On the basis of this, the multi-objectives TSMDM model is built by considering the matching aspirations. A model with respect to the matching aspirations is built and solved by using the Lagrange function. The multi-objectives TSMDM model is further transformed to the single-objective model, the solution of which is the matching scheme. A matching problem related to the intelligent technology intermediary is solved to verify the effectiveness and the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Comparison of Laparoscopic Single-Incision Surgery with Hangt-Port Approach and Multiport Approach for Ovary Mature Cystic Teratoma
Authors: Gu Dingqian , Wei Xiuqing , He Li
Published: September 2021

Objective

To compare the safety and clinical outcomes of transumbilical laparoscopic single-incision Hangt-port approach with multiport approach surgery for mature cystic teratoma of ovary.
Methods

A total of 94 patients with unilateral ovarian maturity cystic teratoma underwent cystectomy in our hospital from February 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analysed. All the patients were treated with single incision surgery by Hangt-port approach (n = 45) and multiport approach (n = 49). Baseline characteristics were presented, and perioperative outcomes were followed-up and compared. Primary outcome measures were incision related complications.
Results

Baseline characteristics were comparable within the groups. During 1 year follow-up, the incidence of incision related complications of Hangt-port approach were more than that in the multiport group ( 8/45 v.s.1/49, P = 0.013). A total of 2 cases suffered postoperative umbilical hernia and 7 case was delayed incision wound healing. Compared with multiport group, post-operative VAS scores during 12 hours were significantly increased in Hangt-port group (3.62 ± 0.91 v.s. 2.92 ± 1.13, P = 0.001). Also, the Hangt-port group had significantly shorter operative time for patients with cyst size > 6cm (77.77 ± 16.31 v.s. 92.33 ± 25.65, P = 0.031), while showed significantly prolonged post-operative hospital stay for patients with cyst size ≤ 6cm (4.13 ± 1.01 v.s. 3.32 ± 0.82, P = 0.003).
Conclusions

Both multiport and Hangt-port approach were safe in laparoscopic single incision surgery. Hangt-port approach was likely to be recommended for patients with cyst size > 6 cm, but incision-related follow-up complications should be concerned.while this finding still need to be explored by further large-scale study.
An effective step for evaluating of the sexual function: Developing and Standardizing Sexual Intelligence Scale
Authors: Dehkordi Mahnaz Aliakbari , Kharaman Azita , Mohtashami Tayebeh , Karimi Zahra
Published: September 2021

Background

Sexual intelligence is one of the most vital topics in research and clinical fields. Therefore, the existence of a suitable instrument for measuring these structures is an inevitable necessity. This study designed a valid and reliable sexual intelligence scale.
Methods

In this instrumental research, 225 students of Payame Noor University were selected by purposeful sampling and answered the questionnaire. A baseline questionnaire with 36 questions was provided to the participants. SPSS software, statistical analysis of factor analysis and correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.
Results

In an exploratory factor analysis that was done on 19 materials of this test, results revealed 4 factors. Initial examination in this test showed that 4 important and prominent factors were found after rotation and by considering the sloping line diagram.
Conclusion

The present study showed that the designed tool is of sufficient competence and can be used in clinical research and diagnosis.
CAV1 and VCL are Downregulated in Atherosclerotic Aortic Endothelial
Authors: Zhang Wei , WU Jianping , Dong Jinyun , LI Wenwen , Wang Xinjie , Hou Yingying
Published: September 2021

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common atherosclerotic vascular disease, and is one of the important factors leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.So far, the specific etiology and pathogenesis of AS have not been clarified, and further research is needed.Methods: Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the data set of GSE57691 and GSE137578 in normal and atherosclerotic arterial endothelial cells from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).Results: There are a total of 300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the GSE57691 and GSE137578 datasets, which are mainly enriched in the focal adhesion signaling pathway (adj P<0.05).We identified 10 hub genes (ACTG2, CAV1, CALD1, CDC42, CCT2, CCT3, VCL, PPARG, POLR2F and TPM3) in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, of which 3 (CAV1, CDC42 and VCL) Significantly enriched in the adhesion signaling pathway.In addition, a search in the BIOGPS database found that CAV1 and VCL are highly expressed in coronary arteries.Conclusions: In conclusion, bioinformatics technology has proved to be useful for screening and identifying novel biomarkers of diseases.300 DEGs and 10 hub genes were significantly enriched in atherosclerotic aortic endothelial cells, especially CAV1 and VCL genes.
High Birth Weight Increases the Chance of Mortality in Girolando Calves 2 Conceived Through in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Weiller Maria Amélia Agnes , Schmoeller Evandro , Barbosa Antônio Amaral , de Matos Adriane Dalla Costa , Correa Marcio Nunes , Brauner Cassio Cassal , Rabassa Viviane Rohrig , Pino Francisco Augusto Burkert Del
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to determine zootechnical and health performance of Girolando calves born with high or low birth weight, and compare metabolic parameters between groups. The study was carried out on a commercial dairy farm located in Passos, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this sense, a hundred Girolando calves were divided into 2 groups: Control, which consisted of calves that were born weighing ≤ 35 kg; and HBW, calves that were born weighing > 35 kg. Calves were monitored for zootechnical parameters; epidemiological indexes such as morbidity, mortality, recurrence of diarrhea, pneumonia; as well as serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, cholesterol, triglycerides, paraoxonase1, albumin, urea and globulin). Calves from the HBW group had a higher mortality rate as well as a tendency to more cases of pneumonia, but no effect on zootechnical performance was seen. The reasons for the differences in mortality need to be clarified since our study found no changes in biochemical parameters between the groups. The results allow us to conclude that Girolando calves from in vitro fertilization that are born heavier have a greater chance of clinical complications and a higher mortality rate, but the birth weight does not influence the zootechnical performance.
Linking Unfolded Protein Response to Ovarian Cancer Cell Fusion
Authors: Yart Lucile , Bastida-Ruiz Daniel , Allard Mathilde , Dietrich Pierre-Yves , Petignat Patrick , Cohen Marie
Published: September 2021

Background: Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) have been observed in epithelial ovarian tumors. They can resist antimitotic drugs, thus participating in tumor maintenance and recurrence. Despite their origin remains unclear, PGCC formation seems to be enhanced by conditions that trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR) such as hypoxia or chemotherapeutic treatments. Hypoxia has been shown to promote the formation of ovarian PGCCs by cell fusion. These PGCCs can undergo bursting and budding, contributing to generate cancer stem-like cells with more aggressive phenotypes than the parental cells.Methods: The UPR was induced in two ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and COV318). UPR activation was assessed by western blot and polyploidy indexes were calculated. Then, to confirm the implication of cell fusion in PGCCs formation, two populations of SKOV3 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding for two distinct nuclear fluorescent proteins (GFP and mCherry) associated with different antibiotic resistance genes, and the two cell populations were mixed in co-culture. The co-culture was submitted to a double-antibiotic selection. The resulting cell population was characterized for its morphology, cyclicity, and proliferative and tumorigenic capacities, in addition to a transcriptomic characterization.Results: We demonstrated that cell fusion could be involved in ovarian PGCCs generation and this process was promoted by unfolded protein response activation. Double-antibiotic treatment of PGCCs led to the selection of a pure population of cells containing both GFP- and mCherry-positive nuclei. Interestingly, after three weeks of selection, we observed that these cells were no longer polynucleated but displayed single nucleus positive for both fluorescent proteins, suggesting that genetic material mixing had occurred. These cells had restarted normal cell cycles, acquired an increased invasive capacity, and can form ovarian tumors in ovo.Conclusions: UPR activation increased the in vitro formation of PGCCs by cell fusion, further leading to the acquisition of new properties for the newly generated cells. UPR modulation in ovarian cancer patients could be an interesting therapeutic strategy to avoid the formation of PGCCs and therefore limit cancer relapse and drug resistance.
Implementation of Mass Customization for competitive advantage in Indian industries: a structural equation model
Authors: Jain Piu , Garg Suresh , Kansal Gayatri
Published: September 2021

The enduring fluctuations in market demand, exemplified by exceedingly unpredictable customer requirements have given rise to Mass customization, which is acquiring increasing prominence in production and operations management. Fostering on the foundation laid by erstwhile researcher Hart[1], who developed an analytical framework of four pillars of mass customization for organizations, the objectives of this research are to obtain additional discernments on the nature of linkage between the four pillars and MC, in addition to their impact on competitive advantage. The current work is an attempt to explore the mass customization ability of manufacturing organizations of Indian origin and its impact on organisational performance and to propose a comprehensive assessment and decision-making model for manufacturers to implement mass customization for competitive benefits. Literature support is expanded and validated using data collected through survey conducted among managers of various divisions of organization of Indian origin. The final sample contains 276 usable observations. Data analysis was performed expending structural equation modelling(Amos Graphics).
Predictors of Access To Sexual And Reproductive Health Services By Urban Refugees In Kampala City, Uganda
Authors: Christopher Mukama Semei , Nakubulwa Susan , Nyirabega Esperance , Mugabe Pallen , Odiit Mary , Snelgrove-Clarke Erna , MacDonald Noni , Bortolussi Robert , Baluku Joseph , Graham Janice , Mukasa Barbara
Published: September 2021

Background: The influx of over 1.3 million refugees in Uganda, with over 10% settling in the capital city Kampala, challenges the ability of urban refugees to access Sexual and Reproductive Health services (SRH) and family planning (FP) amidst the multiple uncertainties of a precarious everyday life. Utilization of SRH services remains low among urban refugees despite the fact that these services are essential to those of reproductive age and vulnerable to unwanted pregnancies and its consequences and contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV. Mildmay Uganda conducted a multimethod outreach program to establish the predictors of access to SRH services by urban refugees in Kampala city. This paper reports on social demographic characteristics that influenced the uptake of SRH services by urban refugees.Methods: A participatory, gender based, community-led, empowerment approach known as Gender Action Learning Systems (GALS) was employed to deliver SRH including family planning services to urban refugees in Kampala between March 2018 and September 2019. Urban refugees enrolled in GALS were interviewed at the beginning and end of the GALS intervention, where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine social demographic factors influencing the uptake of SRH services by urban refugees.Results: The​ ​study enrolled 867 participants, with 605 remaining to the end. Median age was 29 (IQR:22-36) years with a standard deviation of 10.7, 52% of the participants had never married. Retention in the study of the sexually active age cohort of primary interest (15 -34) was higher than the 35-54 cohort for both men and women. There were significant associations between SRH use and age, religion and education level among the urban refugees. Pentecostal religion (Adjusted OR 7.9; 3.5-18) and education level of primary (Adjusted OR 3.4; 1.1-11) were associated with uptake of SRH and FP. Conclusion: The participatory, peer-led community approach to delivering SRH services to urban refugees in this research project boosted uptake by the refugees and supported its successful completion and ability to address previously unknown predictors. A continuous awareness campaign using tested models such as GALS to promote services to refugees is needed to successfully integrate newcomers into Uganda’s general healthcare services.
Differences in the Composition, Source, and Stability of Suspended Particulate Matter and Sediment Organic Matter in Hulun Lake, China
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Chen Junyi , Wang Shuhang , Li Wei
Published: September 2021

Sediment (SOM) and suspended particulate (SPOM) organic matters are two important organic matters in water. Their occurrence, migration and transformation, and stability have important effects on the environmental behaviors of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other pollutants in a water environment. The content, composition, fluorescence characteristics, source, and stability of SOM and SPOM in Hulun Lake, a typical lake in cold and arid region of China, were compared by sequential extraction, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, parallel factor technique, carbon–nitrogen ratio, and stable carbon isotope. SOM and SPOM in north and west were higher than those in east and south. The average content of SPOM (24.70 ± 4.63 g/kg) was slightly higher than that of SOM (23.04 ± 10.27 g/kg), but the difference was not significant. Humin was the dominant component in SOM and SPOM, accounting for 73.7% and 61.2%, respectively. Humus was the main fluorescence component of water-extractable organic matter in SOM and SPOM, accounting for 79.9% and 70.4%, respectively, of the total fluorescence intensity. SOM and SPOM were derived from terrestrial sources with relative contribution rate of about 70%. SPOM was more influenced by autochthonous sources and had significantly lower humification degree and stability than SOM. Effects of climate changes on migration, transformation, stability, and bioavailability of organic matters and endogenous pollutants closely related to organic matters in lakes of cold and arid regions should be paid attention in the future.
Intelligent Highway Traffic Detection Algorithm based on Deep Learning
Authors: ji ming , Sun Chuanxia , Hu Yinglei
Published: September 2021

In order to solve the increasingly serious traffic congestion problem, an intelligent transportation system is widely used in dynamic traffic management, which effectively alleviates traffic congestion and improves road traffic efficiency. With the continuous development of traffic data acquisition technology, it is possible to obtain real-time traffic data in the road network in time. A large amount of traffic information provides a data guarantee for the analysis and prediction of road network traffic state. Based on the deep learning framework, this paper studies the vehicle recognition algorithm and road environment discrimination algorithm, which greatly improves the accuracy of highway vehicle recognition. Collect highway video surveillance images in different environments, establish a complete original database, build a deep learning model of environment discrimination, and train the classification model to realize real-time environment recognition of highway, as the basic condition of vehicle recognition and traffic event discrimination, and provide basic information for vehicle detection model selection. To improve the accuracy of road vehicle detection, the vehicle target labeling and sample preprocessing of different environment samples are carried out. On this basis, the vehicle recognition algorithm is studied, and the vehicle detection algorithm based on weather environment recognition and fast RCNN model is proposed. Then, the performance of the vehicle detection algorithm described in this paper is verified by comparing the detection accuracy differences between different environment dataset models and overall dataset models, different network structures and deep learning methods, and other methods.
The Effects of Moderate Neuromuscular Blockade Combined with Transverse Abdominal Plane Block on Surgical Space Conditions During Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Ke Fang , Shen Zijin , Wu Cheng , Zhang Lin , Dong Rong
Published: September 2021

Background
Deep neuromuscular blockade may be beneficial on surgical space conditions during laparoscopic surgery. The effects of moderate neuromuscular blockade combined with transverse abdominal plane block (TAPB) on the surgical space conditions during laparoscopic surgery has not been described. We investigated if moderate neuromuscular blockade combined with TAPB would be associated with similar surgical space conditions compared with deep neuromuscular blockade.
Methods
Eighty patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group was treated with moderate neuromuscular blockade (train-of-four (TOF) count between 1 and 3) combined with TAPB (M group), while the control group was treated with deep neuromuscular blockade (D group), with a TOF count of 0 and a post-tetanic count (PTC) ≥ 1. Both groups received the same anesthesia management. The distance between the sacral promontory and the umbilical skin during the operation was compared between the two groups. The surgeon scored the surgical space conditions according to a five-point ordinal scale. Patients’ pain scores were evaluated eight hours after the operation.
Results
The 95% confidence intervals of the difference in the distance from the sacral promontory to the umbilical skin between the groups were − 1.45–0.77cm. According to the preset non-inferior standard of 1.5cm, (-1.45, ∞) completely fell within (-1.50, ∞), and the non-inferior effect test was qualified. There was no significant difference in the surgical rating score between the two groups. The dosage of rocuronium in group D was significantly higher than that in group M (P < 0.01). The M group had significantly lower pain scores than the D group eight hours after the operation (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
In laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, moderate neuromuscular blockade combined with TAPB can provide surgical space conditions similar to those of deep neuromuscular blockade, and at the same time, reduces the use of muscle relaxants, relieves postoperative pain within 4 hours after operation, shorten the time to extubation and stay in PACU.
Trial registration:
chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2000034621), registered on 12, July, 2020
Improving Smoking Cessation After Myocardial Infarction by Systematically Implementing Evidence-Based Treatment Methods: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Leosdottir Margret , Wärjerstam Sanne , Michelsen Halldora , Schlyter Mona , Hag Emma , Wallert John , Larsson Matz
Published: September 2021

We compared the odds of smoking cessation at 2-months post-myocardial infarction (MI) before and after implementing routines, optimizing the use of evidence-based methods for smoking cessation, with start during admission. The following routines were implemented at six hospitals in Sweden: cardiac rehabilitation nurses offering smokers short consultation during admission, optimizing nicotine replacement therapy, increasing prescription of varenicline, and contacting patients by telephone during the 1st week post-discharge. Using logistic regression, odds for smoking cessation at 2-months post-MI before (n = 188) and after (n = 195) routine implementation were compared. Secondary outcomes included adherence to implemented routines. After implementation, a larger proportion of patients (65% vs 54%) were abstinent at 2-months (OR 1.60 [1.04–2.48], p = 0.034). Including only those counselled during admission, 74% were abstinent (OR 2.50 [1.42–4.41], p = 0.002). After implementation patients were more often counselled during admission (50% vs 6%, p < 0.001), prescribed varenicline (23% vs 7%, p < 0.001), and contacted by telephone post-discharge (18% vs 2%, p < 0.001). Being prescribed varenicline had the strongest association with smoking abstinence at 2-months (adjusted OR 4.09 [1.68-10.00], p = 0.002). In conclusion, readily available methods for aiding smoking cessation can be implemented effectively in routine practice, with beneficial effects on smoking cessation for the high-risk group of smoking MI patients.