bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educar en la Diversidad: La Importancia de la Alfabetización en Lengua Indígena en el Contexto de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana
Authors: Baeza Piña Carmen Sac Nicte Haa , Flores Mendoza Jessica Berenice
Published: April 2024

En el contexto de la educación indígena, la alfabetización en lengua materna se erige como un pilar fundamental para la preservación de la identidad cultural. Este escrito aborda la importancia de educar a través del derecho lingüístico de las niñas y niños indígenas maya hablantes de Quintana Roo, centrándose en la relevancia de la alfabetización en lengua materna en el aula. Actualmente, muchos docentes de este nivel educativo han pasado por alto este aspecto, optando por implementar prácticas de castellanización, es decir, la enseñanza de la lengua nacional en detrimento de la lengua vernácula. El objetivo principal del presente manuscrito es describir el impacto de las prácticas educativas de los docentes de educación indígena que muestran una tendencia al uso exclusivo del español como lengua de alfabetización, a través de una crítica reflexiva fundamentada en evidencia.
Desafíos en la Enseñanza de la Física: Análisis a partir de una Revisión Bibliográfica
Authors: Bohórquez Guevara Victor Manuel
Published: April 2024

En Colombia, se destaca la importancia de incluir la enseñanza de la física como parte del currículo de ciencias naturales en la educación básica de los colegios. Sin embargo, esta enfrenta desafíos como la comprensión de contenidos, calidad docente y acceso educativo. Esta revisión bibliográfica se centra en estrategias que consideren las ideas previas de los estudiantes y el aprovechamiento de TIC para adaptarse a las nuevas necesidades educativas. A nivel internacional, se evidencian deficiencias en la formación en ciencias naturales, con desafíos similares en diferentes regiones, como la baja participación de mujeres en STEM y la escasa inversión en educación científica en Latinoamérica. Se destaca la importancia de reformar las metodologías de enseñanza para integrar mejor los conceptos con la vida cotidiana y de aprovechar las TIC para mejorar el aprendizaje. Además, se resalta la relevancia de la enseñanza contextualizada de la física, que busca vincular los conceptos con la vida diaria y promover una comprensión profunda de la disciplina, utilizando herramientas como documentales y películas sobre ciencia para enriquecer la experiencia educativa y comunicar efectivamente la importancia de la ciencia en la sociedad.
Factores socioculturales que influyen en el abandono de la vacuna Difteria y Tétanos en Mujeres en edad fértil
Authors: Guerrero Solorzano Cindy Carolina , Pérez Cardoso Carmen Natacha
Published: April 2024

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, correlacional durante los meses de marzo a junio 2023, en el Centro de Salud el Progreso con el objetivo de analizar la influencia de los factores socioculturales en el abandono de la vacuna difteria y tétanos en mujeres en edad fértil de esta unidad asistencia. Se trabajó con 305 mujeres en edad fértil, a las que se aplicó el cuestionario utilizado por Chambilla y Mamani que consta de 16 ítems. Se analizó las causas del incumplimiento en el esquema de vacunación y las variables socioculturales de las mujeres. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva con el programa SPSSv24. Los resultados ofrecen que el 55 % conoce los beneficios del esquema de vacunación, los límites de edad fueron 16 a 26 años, el 81 % afirmó ser católica y las creencias más arraigadas fueron los microchips en las vacunas, que causan enfermedades, entre otros. El nivel de conocimiento sobre las ventajas de las vacunas es básico, pues existen todavía factores socioculturales como la religión y mitos que influyen en la decisión de inmunizarse. Se concluye que componentes como la edad, escolaridad, religión creencias o mitos sobre las vacunas Difteria y Tétanos, son factores socioculturales relevantes a la hora de considerar la inmunización que influyen negativamente en completar el esquema de vacunación, es imperante ampliar los programas o campañas para informar sobre los beneficios de la vacunación y erradicar la transmisión de mitos falsos.
La Utilización del Modelo Constructivista Dentro Del Proceso Enseñanza-Aprendizaje
Authors: Vega Vega Aracely Lucy , Analuisa González Andrea Fernanda , Tinitana Castillo Vanessa del Carmen
Published: April 2024

Actualmente, el desarrollo de la educación es claro, se observan diversos tipos de problemas, por lo que este trabajo de investigación examina el conocimiento y aplicabilidad del modelo de aprendizaje constructivista en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje según el cual los profesores tienen evidentes carencias de métodos y técnicas constructivistas en el conocimiento y la innovación, por lo que el proceso de aprendizaje evidentemente no es beneficioso para los estudiantes y por tanto sigue el tradicionalismo. El modelo de aprendizaje constructivista es posiblemente uno de los modelos de enseñanza más importantes y relevantes, ya que inspira a los estudiantes a construir conocimientos a través del razonamiento, el análisis, la participación y el pensamiento crítico. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo motivar al docente a prepararse y formarse pedagógicamente, para mejorar el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, sus conocimientos, su crítica, su sentido humanista, es decir, una educación integral. La parte principal de la educación son los estudiantes, y este trabajo es beneficioso para los estudiantes porque los profesores pueden practicar las técnicas y métodos del modelo constructivista para mejorar la enseñanza y hacer que cada estudiante se interese más en cada materia y mejorar su rendimiento académico.
Polifarmacia en Pacientes Adultos Mayores y el Papel de Enfermería en el Primer Nivel de Atención en Salud de Santa Rosa. 2023
Authors: Jumbo Valarezo Dayana Milena , Valdiviezo Pinto Jennifer Carla , Calderón González Diana Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El paciente geriátrico tienden a presentar polifarmacia por sus diversas patologías convirtiéndose en un grupo de alto riesgo en cuanto al consumo excesivo de medicamentos, por ello es indispensable que el profesional de enfermería cumpa con su papel de educador para asegurar que el paciente tenga una correcta adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico. Objetivo: Analizar la polifarmacia en pacientes adultos mayores y el papel de Enfermería en el Primer Nivel de Atención. Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo, con diseño transversal. El muestreo fue de tipo no probabilístico por conveniencia obteniendo la participación de 100 adultos mayores de ambos sexos. Resultados: Se evidencia una prevalencia de polifarmacia de 49% en los pacientes encuestados, estadísticamente relacionado al sexo femenino con un 60% y se pudo constatar con un 100% que el profesional de enfermería no le brinda información al paciente acerca de los medicamentos a consumir. Conclusiones: Se evidenció que el profesional de enfermería no cumple con su papel de educador en la post-consulta generando mayor inconformidad y desconocimiento en el paciente adulto mayor, quienes, como consecuencia, no hacen el uso adecuado de los fármacos que consumen.
Las TIC en la Educación Inclusiva: Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA)
Authors: Guanotuña Balladares Galo Estuardo , Mera Viteri Gabriel Alexander , Sosa Caiza Nancy Elizabeth , Andino Córdova Andrea Alexandra , Asimbaya Pilaguano Sebastian Mario , Saransig Singo Alex Marcelo
Published: April 2024

La tecnología despliega diversas utilidades, abarcando una amplia gama de servicios, con aplicaciones destacadas en el ámbito educativo. Diversos modelos teóricos se han dedicado al análisis de su implementación en entornos didácticos. Cuando se emplea desde una perspectiva pedagógica, la tecnología tiene el propósito de potenciar el aprendizaje de todos los estudiantes, siguiendo los estándares de accesibilidad digital. La accesibilidad al aprendizaje se respalda en los tres principios del Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA): representación, implicación y acción y expresión. La tecnología aporta una variedad de recursos y acciones tanto específicas para cada principio como integradas para los tres. El objetivo de este trabajo se basa en analizar el aporte de las TIC en la educación inclusiva como recurso de apoyo en la implementación del Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje. Se realiza un tipo de investigación descriptiva de carácter mixto con datos cuantitativos y recopilación de información para el análisis de corte cualitativo, el cual permitió conocer la percepción de un grupo de docentes frente al nivel de competencia en el que se encontraban, se tabajó con una muestra de 16 docentes de la Carrera de Informática de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Como resultado de esta investigación, se obtuvo como resultado la percepción de los docentes quienes manifiestan tener un conocimiento claro del DUA, sin embargo existe el reto de la implementación de las TIC para el fortalecimiento de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en materia de inclusión educativa.
A data-driven approach for studying tribology based on experimentation and artificial intelligence coupling tools
Authors: Kchaou Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Tribology problems generally, and particularly high-temperature tribology (HTT), is a critical and complex topic based on the interaction between several intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. This involved complex phenomena, resulting in synergistic effects between mechanical, physical, chemical, and thermal solicitations. Introducing artificial intelligence tools, coupled with the design of the experiment, is an original approach to implement a successful transition from traditional "experimental guidance" to "experimental guidance associated with a data-driven" approach. The current study delves into the utilization of machine learning (ML) with simulation to help in the choice of the parameters for experimentation, and the development of predictive models. A detailed framework that takes into account the coupling between such tools is presented. Different scenarios are discussed to data drive the collaborative schema between the design of experiment, numerical development, and ML algorithms. This approach gives several opportunities such as the identification of the well-impacted parameters, optimization of the experimental design, and the proposition of predictive models. With the suitable proposed model, time loss, production costs, precision results, and man-hours could be saved or improved.
АНАЛИЗ РЕНТАБЕЛЬНОСТИ ОХОТНИЧЬИХ ХОЗЯЙСТВ АЛМАТИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Хамчукова Анна , Плахов Константин , Туганбеков Айтуар , Кентбаева Ботагоз
Published: April 2024

Понимание экономики охотничьего хозяйства в современных условиях необходимо для эффективного управления этой отраслью со стороны государства и формирования рынков потребления продукции охотничьего хозяйства (внутреннего и внешнего). Проводимые государством в этой сфере преобразования направлены на повышение рентабельности и социальной роли охотничьего хозяйства. Успех этого процесса зависит от совокупного понимания биологических, правовых и экономических составляющих ведения охотничьего хозяйства.  В статье дана характеристика охотэкономических показателей субъектов охотничьего хозяйства за охотничий сезон 2021 г. на примере Алматинской области, и приведены результаты анализа их рентабельности. Для проведения анализа были использованы сведения из отчетов об охотхозяйственной деятельности за 2021 г., подаваемые охотпользователями в государственный орган, уполномоченный в области охраны, воспроизводства и использования животного мира - Комитет лесного хозяйства и животного мира Министерства экологии и природных ресурсов Республики Казахстан. Показана также динамика численности видов животных, являющихся объектами охоты в регионе, за трёхлетний период – как возобновляемого ресурса, на устойчивом использовании которого базируется охотничье хозяйство. На сновании полученных данных предложена классификация охотничьих хозяйств по экономическим показателям. Было установлено, что прибыль даже высокорентабельных охотничьих хозяйств формируется за счет экономии на содержании егерской службы, охране диких животных, проведении необходимых охотхозяйственных и биотехнических мероприятий. Такой способ ведения охотничьего хозяйства является экстенсивным и может повлечь за собой нежелательные последствия, среди которых деградация угодий и сокращение числа охотничьих животных. Знание экономической составляющей ведения охотничьего хозяйства важно, как для эффективного управления этой отраслью со стороны государства, так и для снижения рисков, связанных с его ведением, обеспечения его окупаемости и повышения привлекательности для потенциальных инвесторов.
ARQUIVO VERDE: COMO PROMOVER A SUSTENTABILIDADE NAS INSTITUIÇÕES ARQUIVÍSTICAS
Authors: Rodrigues Nathalia Tereza Matia Lins , Nogueira Viviane Barreto Motta , Barrancos Jacqueline Echeverría , Sousa Francinete Fernandes de
Published: April 2024

Objetivou-se no presente estudo demonstrar a importância das ações sustentáveis no arquivo, bem como sugerir ações que possam contribuir com o desenvolvimento sustentável. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e fez uso da pesquisa bibliográfica para o levantamento de dados, por meio de uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Através de proposta que visa ações sustentáveis no arquivo nas instituições públicas, tais como: racionalização na produção documental, orientações nos diversos setores da instituição sobre organização dos documentos, diminuição do consumo de papel, racionalização de uso de equipamentos e mídias eletrônicas, disseminação de boas práticas, são medidas propostas facilmente aplicáveis. Conclui-se, que os aspectos abordados neste trabalho consistem apenas em uma primeira aproximação com relação a esse tema relevante. Ficou bastante clara a importância de que se comece a refletir sobre a urgência de buscar meios e adotar ações que venham ser sustentáveis no arquivo.
ANÁLISE DAS FEIÇÕES MORFOLÓGICAS,EROSÕES, ILHAS E BARRAS AO LONGO DORIO PARAGUAI: UM ESTUDO DE CAMPO DAPONTE DE CÁCERES, MT, ATÉ A FOZ DO RIOJAURU
Authors: Ferreira Meire Cardoso , Ferreira Evaldo
Published: April 2024

Este estudo investiga as feições morfológicas do rio Paraguai, partindo da ponte Marechal Rondon, em Cáceres, MT, até a foz do rio Jauru, analisando sua relação com a dinâmica fluvial. Coletou se dados de seção transversal, velocidade da corrente e sedimentos, buscando compreender a influência dos fatores como relevo, vegetação e característica das margens. Os resultados revelam a importância dessas características na formação de ilhas, barras e erosões. Essas informações contribuem para o entendimento do sistema fluvial do rio Paraguai nessa área, fornecendo subsídios para estudos futuros sobre a evolução do rio e sua interação com o meio ambiente
Kandungan Bakteri (Escherichia coli) Protein Dan Total Asam Laktat Pada Pembuatan Fermentasi Rusip Ikan Teri (Stolephorus sp.)
Authors: Kurniawan Kurniawan , Syila Susilowati
Published: April 2024

Rusip merupakan produk olahan ikan yang terbuat dari ikan teri melalui proses fermentasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh waktu fermentasi terhadap kandungan bakteri eschericia coli, protein dan total asam laktat pada rusip. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Data yang diambil yaitu data primer dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil uji kadar protein dan total asam laktat pada rusip selama fermentasi 7 hari, 14 hari dan 21 hari, menunjukkan bahwa lama waktu fermentasi memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap kandungan protein dan total asam laktat pada rusip ikan teri Stolephorus sp.), dan hasil uji total bakteri Eschericia coli didapatkan hasil 3,0% yang mana menunjukkan bahwa rusip ikan teri aman untuk dikonsumsi oleh tubuh.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Antibakteri Sedian Edible Kompleks Kitosan-Ekstrak Buah Mangrove Sonneratia alba
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Sulistijowati Rieny
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri pada sediaan edible kompleks kitosan-ekstrak buah mangrove Sonneratia alba. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH, pengujian antibakteri yaitu uji diameter zona hambat (DZH) menggunakan metode difusi agar. Data hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif, uji aktivitas antibakteri mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor perlakuan adalah konsentrasi ekstrak buah mangrove yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu 1%, 2%, 3% dengan lima kali pengulangan. Hasil penelitian aktivitas antioksidan edible kitosan tanpa ekstrak S.alba memiliki IC50 sebesar 397.00 ppm, edible kompleks kitosan ekstrak S.alba masing-masing konsentrasi ekstrak 1% memiliki IC50 sebesar 198.02 ppm, konsentrasi ekstrak 2% memiliki IC50 sebesar 123.05 ppm dan konsentrasi ekstrak 3% memiliki IC50 sebesar 98.00 ppm. Hasil analisis uji Duncan menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi 1% tidak berbeda nyata dengan 2% namun berbeda nyata dengan konsentrasi 3% dan konsentrasi 2% tidak berbeda nyata dengan konsentrasi 3%.
Karakteristik Biskuit Tepung Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) Subtitusi Tepung Tetelan Ikan Tuna (Thunnus sp.)
Authors: Damisi Sartika , Husain Rahim , Yusuf Nikmawatisusanti
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan tepung ubi kayu dengan tepung tetelan ikan tuna terhadap karakteristik mutu hedonik dan kandungan proksimat biskuit. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah tepung ubi kayu yang disubtitusi tepung tetelan ikan tuna berbeda yaitu 0%, 20%, 35%, 50%. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan metode uji Kruskal-Wallis untuk uji mutu hedonik dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk analisis proksimat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subtitusi tepung ubi kayu dengan tepung tetelan ikan tuna memberikan pengaruh nyata (p0,05) terhadap semua karakteristik organoleptik mutu hedonik dan kandungan proksimat biskuit. Karakteristik biskuit memiliki kriteria warna cokelat, rasa manis tidak terasa tepung ikan tidak terasa tepung ubi kayu, aroma harum tidak beraroma ikan dan ubi kayu dengan tekstur renyah. Nilai proksimat biskuit yaitu kadar air 14,34% - 17,86%; kadar lemak 5,44% - 5,86%; kadar protein 18.12% - 25.14%.
Studi Pendahuluan Pembuatan Bioplastik Dari Alga Caulerpa sp. Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Asetat
Authors: Putnarubun Cenny , Ngabalin Daniel , Bugis Musli
Published: April 2024

Bioplastik adalah plastik yang dapat digunakan seperti plastik konvensional lainnya namun memilki keunggulan cepat terurai atau hancur oleh mikroorganisme menjadi air dan gas karbondioksida ketika habis dipergunakan dan dibuang ke lingkungan tanpa meninggalkan zat beracun. Bioplastik ini secara global sudah dikenal dan telah dikembangkan termasuk di Indonesia dan dikenal dengan plastic biodegradable. Rumput laut salah yang dapat  dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku dalam industri pangan, farmasi, kosmetik dan bioteknologi. Karaginan dari rumput laut dapat digunakan untuk memproduksi bioplastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis kualitas  bioplastic dan pengaruh variasi konsetrasi asam asetat terhadap bioplastic alga Caulerpa sp. Metode dalam penelitian eksperimental meliputi tiga tahapan yakni preparasi sampel, ekstraksi rumput laut dan pembuatan bioplastik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan variasi asam asetat terbaik  adalah konsetrasi 1% asam asetat memberikan pengaruh terhadap pembentukan bioplastik.
Application Of Foam-Mat Drying Technology On Production Of Indo-Pacific Tarpon (Megalops cyprinoides) Flavor Enhancer
Authors: Cahyani Reni Tri , Maudi Sarita Elda , Hasmini Hasmini , Nadia Laode Muhamad Hazairin
Published: April 2024

Fish have the potential to be a natural source of flavor. Hence, they can be used as the main ingredient in flavor enhancers. This research examines the characteristics of flavor enhancers made from Indo-pacific tarpon produced using foam-mat drying technology. The formulations were the ratio between the weight of fish fleshes and additives namely 30:70 (A); 40:60 (B); 50:50 (C); 60:40 (D); and 70:30 (E). The test parameters included yield, pH, Maillard reaction product, sensory (preference) and proximate value. The best formulation was based on proximate value. The results showed that the different formulations significantly affected the yield, pH, and Maillard reaction product (p0,05). The lower the fish flesh used in the formulation, the higher the yield and Maillard reaction product, while the pH decreased. The effectiveness index test based on sensory value (preference) showed that the formulation D (60:40) was the best formulation that contained water of 8.49 ± 0.30%; ash of 33.03 ± 0.10%; protein of 29.67 ± 0.26%; total fat of 2.00 ± 0.15% and carbohydrates of 26.74 ± 0.10%.
Formulasi Tepung Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) Dalam Pembuatan Biskuit Sebagai Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI)
Authors: Husain Rahim , Umar Nabila Salsabila , Suherman Sutianto Pratama
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis formulasi, kandungan gizi dan organoleptik biskuit MP-ASI substitusi tepung Ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, 4 taraf perlakuan dengan 2 kali ulangan yaitu F0 (tepung ikan bandeng 0 gr : tepung terigu 100 gr),  F1 (tepung ikan bandeng 10 gr : tepung terigu 90 gr), F2 (tepung ikan bandeng 15 gr : tepung terigu 85 gr),  F3 (tepung ikan bandeng 20 gr : tepung terigu 80 gr). Parameter yang diuji meliputi organoleptik (warna aroma, rasa, tekstur), kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar serat, kadar protein dan kadar karbohidrat by difference. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formulasi biskuit MP-ASI memberikan pengaruh nyata (0,05) terhadap kadar proksimat.Kandungan gizi biskuit MP-ASI yang memenuhi standar SN I 01-7111.2-2005 adalah kadar air 1,80%-3,19%, kadar abu 0,54%-1,09%, kadar serat 3,61%-4,51% dan kadar protein 11,04%-25,81%. Sedangkan kandungan gizi yang belum memenuhi standar adalah lemak 2,44%-4,59% dan karbohidrat 63,31%-83,04%.Berdasarkan uji organoleptik (hedonik) biskuit MP-ASI tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter organoleptik yang diuji, dengan kriteria penerimaan suka.
Quality Changes Of Kappaphycus alvarezii Jelly Candy Coated With Gelatin-Chitosan-Nanochitin Composites-Edible Film During Storage
Authors: Cahyani Sri Rahayu , Naiu Asri Silvana , Yusuf Nikmawatisusanti
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze changes in the quality of Kappaphycusalvarezii seaweed jelly candy packaged in edible film based on chitosan-nano chitin gelatin composite during storage. The research method used was a laboratory experimental method. The research stage consisted of preliminary research aimed at determining the formula for edible film gelatin-chitosan enriched with nanochitin. The main research was applying the best formulation of edible film gelatin- chitosan-nanochitin to seaweed jelly candy which was then stored for 60 days that was converted to 15 days in a climatic chamber at 40 °C and 75% humidity. The chemical characteristics tested were water content and reducing sugar content, microbiological tests including TPC and molds-yeasts and sensory characteristics were tested every 3 days. The design of data analysis used linear regression. The results of the preliminary study showed that the best edible film formula was composed of 2% gelatin, 2% chitosan and 0.2% nanochitin, which resulted in a water vapor transmission rate of 15.25 g/m2/day and has an attractive appearance. Based on the standard SNI (2008), the moisture content of jelly candy packaged in edible film gelatin-chitosan-nanochitin can be maintained until the 36th day of storage, which is 19.25%, the reducing sugar content up to the 60th day of storage is 20.5%, TPC up to 20.5%. the 60th day of storage is log 3.5 CFU/g, and the sensory quality can be maintained until the 36th day. The molds and yeasts were not visible during storage.
Perkembangan Konsumsi Ikan Di Kabupaten Pesawaran Tahun 2019-2022
Authors: Kharisma Atisya
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui angka konsumsi ikan (AKI) di Kabupaten Pesawaran. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah konsumsi ikan tahun 2019-2021. Jumlah konsumsi ikan tertinggi dalam rumah tangga pada tahun 2021 sebesar 25,02 kg dan terendah pada tahun 2019 sebesar 18,98 kg. Konsumsi ikan di luar rumah tangga tahun 2019 dan 2020 sebesar 3,14 kg dan tahun 2021 sebesar 4,28 kg. Konsumsi ikan tidak tercatat, tertinggi pada tahun 2020 sebesar 2,79 kg dan terendah pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 1,65 kg. Angka konsumsi ikan tahun 2019 merupakan yang tertinggi yaitu pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 30,95 kg/kapita/tahun dan terendah pada tahun 2019 sebanyak 29,86 kg/kapita/tahun. Data kebutuhan ikan total tertinggi pada tahun 2021 sebesar 14.908,86 ton dan terendah pada tahun 2019 yaitu permintaan ikan tahunan sebesar 13.269,18 ton.
Penerapan Sistem Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) Pada Proses Pembekuan Ikan Layur DI CV. Sinar Harapan Berau
Authors: Surya Dwi Agus Ade , Zuraida Ita , Pamungkas Bagus Fajar , Irawan Irman , Kusumaningrum Indrati
Published: April 2024

The freezing industry requires a basic eligibility program to provide guarantees for a food safety system. The application of GMP or Good Manufacturing Practices in the food industry is a requirement to produce products that are safe for consumption. The aim of the study was to examine the application of GMP in freezing layur fish at CV. Sinar Harapan Berau and identify non-compliance factors in the implementation of GMP. The results showed that the application of GMP in CV. Sinar Harapan Berau has largely complied with the CPPOB guideline requirements. Based on the analysis of non-conformity, there are 14 aspects that are suitable and 4 aspects that are not suitable with the percentages of 77.8% and 22.2%, respectively. Several factors cause non-compliance with GMP, namely puddles of water on the road leading to the production site, the road has not been cemented, and without laying stones. There are no washing facilities in the toilet area, there is still rust on the tables and pans in the production area. CV. Sinar Harapan also does not yet have laboratory facilities for quality control and safety of raw materials, but only inspects organoleptically.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Udang (Litopenaeus vannamei) Dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) Dalam Pembuatan Kaldu Bubuk
Authors: Saman Widya Rahmawaty , Lapamona Oktaningsih
Published: April 2024

Most of the shrimp waste generated by shrimp processing activities come from the head, skin, and tail. Shrimp skin contains protein (25% - 40%), chitin (15% - 20%), and calcium carbonate (45% - 50%). Additionally, shrimp meat is a good source of minerals, especially calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc. The amount of shrimp waste remains a problem that needs to be addressed for utilization efforts. This research aims to determine the influence of different concentrations of turmeric extract on the broth powder of shrimp waste. Shrimp waste can be an alternative ingredient to replace seasoning additives in cooking. The study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with one factor, namely the concentration of turmeric extract. The research was conducted with one control and three treatments. The test parameters conducted included solubility testing, water content testing, and antioxidant testing. Based on the results obtained, the highest solubility value was found in broth powder without the addition of turmeric extract, which was 25.0%. The highest water content was found in shrimp waste broth powder with the addition of 15% turmeric extract, which was 61.44%, and the strongest antioxidant was found in shrimp waste broth powder with the addition of 15% turmeric extract, which was 46.44 ppm.
Analisis Mutu Organoleptik Ikan Tuna (Thunnus spp.) Di Kota Gorontalo Berdasarkan Rantai Distribusi
Authors: Lantu Iin Susilawati , Sulistijowati Rieny , Ibrahim Pradipa Putra
Published: April 2024

The quality and distribution chain of tuna that is landed on the coast of Gorontalo from the fishermen's catch, the fish auction place (TPI) to the consumer is currently unknown, so there is a need for further information regarding the quality of the fish that is landed or that has been distributed which is of good quality. The aim of this research is to determine the organoleptic value of tuna (Thunnus spp.) based on the distribution chain, namely from fishermen's catches to fish auction sites (TPI) and fish retailers. The method used was tuna fish samples taken from three different places, namely fishermen, TPI and fish retailers, organoleptic tests and analyzed using Kruskal-wallis. Based on the results of the analysis of the fisherman sample, the highest score was 8, the TPI sample with a score of 7, and the lowest score was obtained for the PENGECER IKAN sample with a score of 6.43. Tuna fish samples from fishermen's catches and fish auction sites (TPI) meet the established standards for fresh fish raw materials, namely 7 (SNI 2013).
Biodegradable, Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Banana Peel (Musa Paradisiaca) for Bio-plastics Polymer Composites
Authors: Izzah Aqilah Arifin  , Noraini Marsi  , Anika Zafiah Mohd Rus  , Iylia Izzati Jamal  , Asmadi Md Said
Published: April 2024

Bioplastics became to meet high demand in plastic industries as its ability in performing biodegradable properties. Apart from that, this bioplastic particularly derived from banana peel and corn starch as to develop starch/biomass polymer composite. Thus, other commercial plastic takes a long time to fully or partially degraded. As a result, banana peel is chosen because of its abundant quantities to be obtained in Malaysia. The objective is to formulate TPS/BP polymer composites with different concentrations of BP and assess their mechanical and physical properties. The sample preparation involves multiple steps, including extracting BP through a maceration process and incorporating it into the TPS matrix to form the TPS/BP polymer complex. The findings reveal that TPS/BP composites with 10 wt% BP exhibit the highest tensile and tear strengths, reaching up to 39.303 MPa and 66.388 N/mm, respectively. In terms of biodegradability, the 40 wt% BP composite exhibits a higher degradation rate compared to the 5 wt% BP composites, with an average weight loss of 65.1% over 8 weeks, as opposed to the average weight loss of 45.2% in the latter case. Overall, TPS/BP polymer composites have shown significantly superior physical and mechanical performance, positioning them as a promising alternative to existing biodegradable polymers.
A Comprehensive Design and Performance Assessment of a Reel-Type Blade Organic Waste Chopper Machine
Authors: Wahyu Sugandi  , Edy Suryadi  , Mohd Nizam Lani  , Sophia Dwiratna  , Nadia Razali
Published: April 2024

The global issue of organic waste poses a serious threat to the environment and public health. With the increasing production of organic waste driven by population growth and urbanization, waste management systems worldwide are confronted with inevitable pressures. The decomposition process of organic waste generates methane gas, contributing not only to global climate change through the greenhouse gas effect but also posing risks of air and water pollution. The primary function of organic waste lies in its ability to become a valuable resource through recycling and composting processes. The potential use of organic waste as a source of renewable energy through biogas or biomass production also presents promising prospects. The objective of this research is to design a reel-type chopper machine for more optimal waste processing. The research method employed is engineering, involving non-routine design activities to create something new in both process and form. The results of the study show that the designed reel-type organic waste shredder has dimensions of 800 mm in length, 750 mm in width, and 1042 mm in height. The machine consists of four main components: the frame hopper, shredding cylinder, and discharge hole. The chopper machine has a power of 2.2 kW, a chopper capacity of 1 ton/hour, and a cutting length of 2–5 cm. The advantages of the shredded output from this reel-type chopper machine can accelerate the decomposition and fermentation processes of organic waste. The smaller and uniformly shredded particles provide a larger surface area for the activities of decomposing microorganisms. Additionally, reel-type machines are more efficient in processing materials with high moisture levels, such as wet branches or leaves. By ensuring optimal particle size, reel-type machines also enhance the efficiency of composting, as well as the production of compost briquettes and briquettes fueled by organic waste. Therefore, the role of reel-type organic waste shredder machines is crucial in maximizing the value of organic waste, accelerating the recycling cycle, and effectively reducing environmental impact.
Mechanical Properties of Bricks Containing Sago Fine Waste as Cement Replacement Material
Authors: Suraya Hani Adnan  , Norhayati Abdul Wahab  , Ezatul Syazwana Turiman  , Mohamad Hairi Osman  , Wan Amizah Wan Jusoh  , Nurain Izzati Mohd Yassin  , Mia Soejoso  , Mohamad Nor Akasyah Wahee Anuar
Published: April 2024

Due to the country's expanding population and the resulting growth of the building industry, brick is one of the most crucial materials used in construction projects in Malaysia. Producing large amounts of bricks requires a lot of cement yet this method has environmental consequences due to increasing carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Therefore, this study aims to use partial Sago Fine Waste (SFW) to replace the cement. About 60 tonnes of sago trash are dumped into the closest river every day during the production of sago starch. To protect the environment and contributing to sustainable development, this study has been conducted on the production of bricks from waste materials. For this study, the brick specimens were prepared using 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% of SFW with a water-cement ratio of 0.6 fixed at 1:3 sand cement ratio. The total specimens that were produced for testing are 72 bricks. The water curing for concrete has been conducted at 7 and 28 days. The overall results revealed that both density and compressive strength are decreases as the percentages of SFW increases. The initial rate of absorption increases due to the increasing percentage of SFW. However, all the results obtained are still met the requirements. Based on the findings, the optimum percentage SFW are SFW1W0.6 with strength 5.18 MPa. The optimum brick properties of SFW1W0.6 is normal weight with density 2092.86 kg/m3 and lowest initial rate absorption with 0.91 kg/m3.min.
Characteristics of Sand-Waste Tyre Rubber Composite as Backfill Material
Authors: Siti Nur Fathiha Abdul Jalil  , Nur Faezah Yahya  , Chan Chee Ming  , Salina Sani  , Mudzaffar Syah Kamarudin  , Nik Normunira Mat Hassan
Published: April 2024

Waste tyre rubber offers an alternative to natural sand as a backfill material, potentially reducing the dependency on natural sand usage in construction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the properties of waste rubber as a potential backfill material for retaining walls and to assess the shear strength characteristics of the sand-rubber composite when used as a backfill for retaining walls, ultimately identifying the optimal sand-rubber composite ratio for effective backfill application. This study employed sieve analysis and specific gravity testing to identify the physical attributes of waste tyre rubber. Subsequently, direct shear box tests were conducted utilizing ratios of 100%, 50%, 75%, and 25%. Two types of rubber were utilized in this study Granulated Rubber (GR) with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 5 mm, and Mulch (MR) with particle sizes exceeding 25 mm. The findings reveal that the Cu value for waste rubber is less than 2.50 and the Gs value is less than 1.5, indicating favourable characteristics. Moreover, the 25% GR and MR compositions exhibit the highest shear stress values at 0.0347 N/m² and 0.0296 N/m², respectively. In conclusion, it has been determined that the optimal proportion of waste rubber for the application of the sand-waste tyre rubber composite as a backfill material is 25%.
Smart IoT Approach for Renewable Energy Monitoring System
Authors: Mc Lister Daniel
Published: April 2024

Numerous factories, commercial establishments, and private residences require an uninterrupted power supply. The primary source of this supply is often the grid. Industries, businesses, and residential areas needing 24-hour power inevitably require backup systems to ensure continuous operation of essential electronic devices. Typically, diesel generators are employed as backup power sources, utilizing diesel oil to generate electrical energy. While this approach has been successfully employed for many years, it carries a significant drawback. Diesel oil falls under the category of non-renewable energy sources, unable to be regenerated and requiring an extensive period for renewal. Furthermore, diesel generators emit substantial amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to air pollution in the vicinity. To address these challenges, a prototype implementing a smart Internet of Things (IoT) approach has been developed. This study introduces the utilization of an Arduino Nano microcontroller, allowing users to control their power supply source, choosing between the grid, solar panels, or water generation. This control process is facilitated through a smartphone application, granting users the ability to manage it remotely, enhancing monitoring capabilities. The system incorporates two environmentally friendly power sources: solar panels and a mini water turbine, both considered safe for ecological balance. The outcomes of this research demonstrate that users can effectively utilize the generated electricity supply for approximately 12 hours, thereby reducing reliance on the grid and harnessing the potential of renewable energy sources.
Theoretical Investigation of New Possible Fatty Hydrazides Corrosion Inhibitors Via Density Functional Theory
Authors: Almila Hassan  , Khairulazhar Jumbri  , Mohd Sofi Numin  , Kok Eng Kee
Published: April 2024

In this study, two new possible corrosion inhibitors derived from fatty hydrazides were investigated via the density functional theory (DFT) to measure the quantum chemical calculation of these new molecules and analyse their corrosion inhibition ability. The quantum calculation parameters included the calculation for the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO. Other chemical descriptors were also measured, including the global hardness, electronegativity, and the fraction of transferred electrons. The results revealed that both new possible corrosion inhibitors, TADHS11 and TADHS12, showed excellent chemical reactivity and inhibition efficiency based on the calculation of electronic properties, with band gap energy of 4.35 eV for TADHS10 and 4.18 eV for TADHS11. The other chemical descriptor also revealed similar observations, which agree that these two compounds exhibit excellent corrosion inhibitor properties. Overall, all data were consistent with previously reported findings, proving the ability of these new possible fatty hydrazide derivatives as effective corrosion inhibitors.
Comparative Analysis of LiCo0.6Sr0.4O2 Cathode Electrochemical Performance in Oxide- and Proton-Conducting Intermediate-Temperature Solid Fuel Oxide Cells
Authors: Nur Nadhihah Mohd Tahir  , Nurul Akidah Baharuddin  , Mahendra Rao Somalu  , Andanastuti Muchtar  , Abdullah Abd Samat  , Lai Jian Wei
Published: April 2024

Solid fuel oxide cells (SOFCs) are made up of three main parts: anode, electrolyte, and cathode. The main challenge in SOFCs is their high operating temperature, which can reach 1000 °C and lead to cell degradation issues. To address this, the utilization of lithium-based materials is suggested for the cathode component, facilitating intermediate-temperature SOFC operation within the temperature range of 500 to 800 °C. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of producing high-quality lithium-based cathode ink using a triple-roll mill (TRM). By employing the fabrication parameters recommended in these studies, the lithium-based cathode (LCSO) was tested in different working environments, specifically the oxide-conducting SOFC and proton-conducting SOFC. The LCSO inks were screen-printed on SDC for oxide-conducting SOFC and BCZY for proton-conducting SOFC electrolyte before the analysis. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize the electrochemical performance and morphology of the LCSO cathode. Based on the results, the LCSO cathode is found to respond well in oxide-conducting SOFC environment with an area-specific resistance (ASR) value of 0.75 ohms-cm2 compared to proton-conducting SOFC which shows an ASR value higher by 11.45 ohms-cm2.
Physical Characterization of Modified Palm Oil with Hybrid Additives Nanofluids
Authors: Ainaa Mardhiah Sabri  , Norfazillah Talib  , Zulkhairul Abdul Karim  , Amiril Sahab Abdul Sani  , Kamaruddin Kamdani  , Sandip Kunar  , Nooriskandar Sani
Published: April 2024

The common use of petroleum-based metalworking fluids (MWFs) in industry harms the environment and human beings. The biggest disadvantage of RBD palm oil is its low thermal-oxidative stability. As a result, the goal of this research is to create an innovation for palm oil based MWFs. The new creation of modified palm oils (MPOs) has been produced by a transesterification process with palm methyl ester to trimethylolpropane molar ratios of 3.5:1. Later, at a concentration of 0.025wt.%, the MPOs were mixed with single and hybrid additives such as activated carbon (AC) (MPOa), tungsten disulphide (WS2) (MPOw) and hybrid AC with WS2 (MPOaw). The physicochemical parameters of MPOs were studied, including viscosity, and acid value. The physicochemical properties were evaluated as per ASTM standards over a period of 4 weeks to check the state of lubricant and observable changes in the properties during this period According to the findings, MPOaw shows enhanced thermal (high viscosity index 365-387) and oxidative stability (lubricant storage). Moreover, MPOaw recorded has higher antioxidant properties that can help prevent or slow down the oxidation process, reducing the production of acids and subsequently lowering the acid value (0.14 -0.19 mg NaOH/g). In conclusion, it has been proven that MPOaw has the best performance and the potential to have a positive effect on the industry as a sustainable MWF for machining processes.
Computational Investigation of Brownian Motion and Thermophoresis Effect on Blood-based Casson Nanofluid on a Non-linearly Stretching Sheet
Authors: Haris Alam Zuberi  , Madan Lal  , Shivangi Verma  , Nurul Amira Zainal
Published: April 2024

The present article investigates numerically the impacts of thermophoresis and Brownian motion on boundary layer nanofluid flow across a porous, non-linearly stretching sheet at a fixed temperature of the surface and under partial slip. Using the similarity variables, non-linear ordinary differential equations are obtained from the dictating partial differential equations, and then these non-linear ordinary differential equations are converted to a first order system of differential equations. The obtained first order system is then executed using bvp4c module in MATLAB along with the shooting technique. The numerical solutions obtained are scrutinized through graphs. It is observed that, as Nt and Nb levels rise, the temperature rises, and the thermal boundary layer thickens. Additionally, it has been found that the energy distribution expands, and nanoparticle concentration falls with rising values of the thermophoresis parameter.
Aligned Magnetohydrodynamics and Thermal Radiation Effects on Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids Over Vertical Plate with Nanoparticles Shape Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms
Authors: Siti Shuhada Ishak  , Mohd Rijal Ilias  , Seripah Awang Kechil  , Fazillah Bosli
Published: April 2024

Nowadays, challenges in development of heat transfer for various engineering fields including heat exchangers, electronics, chemical and bio-industry and others are crucial. Ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNF) as a new heat transfer liquids can be considered as effective medium for increment of heat and energy transport. In the case of THNF when three nanoparticles are added in the based fluid to enhance the transport processes. Dissimilar to the nanofluids (NF) and hybrid nanofluids (HNF) model that considers two types of nanoparticles, this studied consider the three types of nanoparticles in this work which are Aluminium Oxide (AI2O3), Copper (Cu), and Carbon Nanotube (CNT) with different shapes containing gyrotactic microorganisms. The objective is to find the effect of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and radiation to the steady of THNF flow past the vertical plate. The mathematical model has been formulated based on a combination Tiwari-Das and Buongiorno nanofluids model. The governing flow and heat transfer equations are simplified to the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the adaptation of conventional similarity transformations which are then evaluated by the bvp4c solver (MATLAB) to generate the numerical solutions. The solutions are visually represented through graphs and table to be easily observed. The results indicated that the effect of magnetic field parameter decrease the velocity and contrary in concentration, and microorganism profile while the temperature is increased in magnetic but contrary in radiation parameter . The concentration and density microorganism of THNF is increase with higher value in and but decrease in velocity and temperature. The spherical nanoparticle shape has a higher density, causing the skin friction of THNF to be lower compared to NF and HNF.
Evaluation of pushout bond strength of surface-treated glass fiber posts using universal adhesives with and without Silanization: an in vitro study
Authors: Sai Vinitha Chundi , Praharshin Yadapalli , Lakshmi Reddy Sampathi Naga , Gopi Krishna Moosani , Reddy E Sujayeendranath , Meenakshi Meher
Published: April 2024

Background: Endodontically treated teeth that lack coronal tooth structure may require the placement of a post to provide adequate retention of a core foundation followed by a crown. Glass fiber posts have become one of the most popular because of the similar modulus of elasticity to dentin.Aim: To evaluate the push-out bond strength of surface-treated glass fiber posts to intraradicular dentin using universal adhesives with and without silanization.Materials and methods: Thirty single-rooted teeth were prepared up to the working length in a step-back technique and obturated. Post space was prepared to the length of 10 mm. Based on silanization specimens were divided into two groups of 15 each. Clearfil Tri-S bond universalwas used as a bonding agent. The two groups including, Group 1 (without Silanization) (CTSBU):post-treatment -only 9%HF, and Group 2 (With Silanization) (CTSBU+S): post-treatment -9%HF followed by silane.RelyxU200 was used to lute the posts, and thesamples were divided into three parts (cervical, middle, and apical) and subjected to push-out bond strength analysis. Overall comparisons were done by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and pairwise comparisons were done by student t-test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 for all tests.Results: In all the root regions, group 2 (CTSBU+S) showed the highest pushout bond strength with statistical significance (p<0.05) when compared to other groups. In all the groups, the cervical region showed the highest bond strength when compared to the middle and apical regions which were significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: It can be concluded that the Silanization of the glass fiber posts showed to improve the bond strength and the cervical region has better bond strength among the three regions of the post