bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint Enhancement and Classification Constraints for Noisy Speech Emotion Recognition
Authors: SUN Linhui , WANG Shun , CHEN Shuaitong , ZHAO Min , LI Pingan
Published: May 2023

In the natural environment, the received speech signal is often interfered by noise, which reduces the performance of speech emotion recognition (SER) system. To this end, a noisy SER method based on joint constraints, including enhancement constraint and arousal-valence classification constraint (EC-AVCC), is proposed. This method extracts multi-domain statistical feature (MDSF) to input the SER model based on joint EC-AVCC using convolution neural network and long short-term memory-attention (CNN-ALSTM). The model is jointly constrained by speech enhancement (SE) and arousal-valence classification (AVC) to get robust features suitable for SER in noisy environment. Besides, in the auxiliary SE task, a joint loss function simultaneously constrains the error of ideal ratio mask and the error of the corresponding MDSF to obtain more robust features. The proposed method does not need to carry out noise reduction preprocessing. Under the joint constraints, it can obtain robust and discriminative deep emotion features, which can improve the emotion recognition performance in noisy environment. The experimental results on the CASIA and EMO-DB datasets show that compared with the baseline, the proposed method improves the accuracy of SER in white noise and babble noise by 4.7%-9.9%.
The value of CT-based radiomics in predicting hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke patients without recanalization therapy
Authors: Huang Yin-Hui , Chen Ya-Fang , Cai Chi , Lin You-Yu , Lin Zhi-Qiang , Chen Chun-Nuan , Yang Mei-Li , Wang Yi , Li Yuan-Zhe
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTo investigate the clinical value of radiomics based on non-enhanced head CT in the prediction of hemorrhage transformation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Materials and methodsThe radiomic features of infarcted areas on non-enhanced CT images were extracted using ITK-SNAP. The Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to select features. The radiomics signature was then constructed by multiple logistic regression. The clinicoradiomics nomogram was constructed by combining radiomics signature and clinical characteristics. All predictive models were constructed in the training group, and these were verified in the validation group. All models were evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsThe radiomics signature was constructed by 10 radiomics features. The clinicoradiomics nomogram was constructed by combining radiomics signature and atrial fibrillation. The area under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the clinical model, radiomics signature, and clinicoradiomics nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in the training group were 0.64, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical model, radiomics signature, and clinicoradiomics nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in the validation group were 0.63, 0.90, and 0.90, respectively. DCA curves showed that the radiomics signature performed well as well as the clinicoradiomics nomogram. DCA curve showed the clinical application value of radiomics signature is similar to that of clinicoradiomics nomogram.ConclusionRadiomics signature which was constructed without clinical characteristics can independently predict the hemorrhagic transformation of AIS well.
Nanobodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD from a Two-step Phage Screening of Universal and Focused Synthetic Libraries
Authors: Chen Fangfang , Liu Zhihong , Kang Wei , Jiang Fan , Yang Xixiao , Yin Feng , Li Zigang
Published: May 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving global pandemic, and nanobody (Nb) is recognized as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool for infectious disease. Here, we designed and synthesized a humanized and highly diverse phage Nbs library hsNb-U (Humanized synthetic Nbs Library - Universal). We expressed and purified the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), and screened this univeral library against the RBD protein target. Then, the CDR1 and CDR2 sequences of five leads obtained from the hsNb-U phage panning were combined with randomly mutated CDR3 to construct a targeted (focused) phage display library, hsNb-RBD, for subsequent phage panning and screening. From the obtained sequences, we expressed 45 unique anti-RBD candidate Nbs. Among the selected Nbs, eight were found to be highly expressed, and five of these show high-affinity to RBD (EC50 less than 100nM). Finally, we found that Nb39 can compete with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for binding to RBD. Overall, this two-step strategy of synthetic phage display libraries enables rapid selection of SARS-CoV-2 RBD nanobodies with potential therapeutic activity, and this two-step strategy can potentially be used for rapid discovery of Nbs against other targets.
ITC-6102RO, A Novel B7-H3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Exhibits Potent Therapeutic Effects against B7-H3 Expressing Solid Tumors
Authors: Shin Seol Hwa , Ju Eun Jin , Park Jin , Ko Eun Jung , Kwon Mi Ri , Lee Hye Won , Son Ga Won , Kim Yeon Joo , Song Si Yeol , Lee Sangkwang , Seo Beom Seok , Song Jin-A , Lim Sangbin , Jung Doohwan , Kim Sunyoung , Lee Hyangsook , Park Seok Soon , Jeong Seong-Yun , Choi Eun Kyung
Published: May 2023

Background
The B7-H3 protein, encoded by the CD276 gene, is a member of the B7 family of proteins and a transmembrane glycoprotein. It is highly expressed in various solid tumors, such as lung and breast cancer, and has been associated with limited expression in normal tissues and poor clinical outcomes across different malignancies. Additionally, B7-H3 plays a crucial role in anticancer immune responses. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising therapeutic modality, utilizing antibodies targeting tumor antigens to selectively and effectively deliver potent cytotoxic agents to tumors.
Methods
In this study, we demonstrate the potential of a novel B7-H3-targeting ADC, ITC-6102RO, for B7-H3-targeted therapy. ITC-6102RO was developed and conjugated with dHBD, a soluble derivative of pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD), using Ortho Hydroxy-Protected Aryl Sulfate (OHPAS) linkers with high biostability. We assessed the cytotoxicity and internalization of ITC-6102RO in B7-H3 overexpressing cell lines in vitro and evaluated its anticancer efficacy and mode of action in B7-H3 overexpressing cell-derived and patient-derived xenograft models in vivo.
Results
ITC-6102RO inhibited cell viability in B7-H3-positive lung and breast cancer cell lines, inducing cell cycle arrest in the S phase, DNA damage, and apoptosis in vitro. The binding activity and selectivity of ITC-6102RO with B7-H3 were comparable to those of the unconjugated anti-B7-H3 antibody. Furthermore, ITC-6102RO proved effective in B7-H3-positive JIMT-1 subcutaneously xenografted mice and exhibited a potent antitumor effect on B7-H3-positive lung cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The mode of action, including S phase arrest and DNA damage induced by dHBD, was confirmed in JIMT-1 tumor tissues.
Conclusions
Our preclinical data indicate that ITC-6102RO is a promising therapeutic agent for B7-H3-targeted therapy. Moreover, we anticipate that OHPAS linkers will serve as a valuable platform for developing novel ADCs targeting a wide range of targets.
The correlation between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors among adults in regional China
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Zhou Hairong , Qi Shengxiang , Yang Huafeng , Wang Chenchen , Hong Xin
Published: May 2023

Objectives
The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors in adults from Nanjing, China.
Methods
A representative cohort involving 60 283 participants aged 18 years and older was enrolled by the multistage stratified cluster sampling in Nanjing municipality of China in this cross-sectional survey in 2017. The primary outcomes were the correlation between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors determined by the multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjusted potential confounders. An additive interaction between physical activities and dietary habits was evaluated by calculating the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (S).
Results
After adjusting potential confounders, cardiovascular risk factors were significantly correlated with the combination of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet, with the highest odds ratios (ORs) for low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HLDL-c) (1.64, 95% CI [1.47, 1.84]) and hypertension (1.55, 95% CI [1.46, 1.64]). Additive interactions between physical inactive inactivity and unhealthy diet were found in on cardiovascular risk factors of hypertension (S, 1.46; 95% CI [1.12, 1.89]), type 2 diabetes (T2D) (S, 1.96; 95% CI [1.23, 3.13]), higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HLDL-c) (S, 2.57; 95% CI [1.27, 5.21]) and dyslipidemia (S, 1.69; 95% CI [1.08, 2.66]). Their RERI was 0.17 (95% CI [0.06, 0.28]), 0.22 (95% CI [0.09, 0.35]), 0.39 (95% CI [0.18, 0.60]) and 0.11 (95% CI [0.03, 0.19]), respectively. OR of being hypertension, T2D, HLDL-c and dyslipidemia in participants of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet was 11%, 15%, 24% and 8.3%, respectively. Multiplicative interaction was detected in obesity, hypertension T2D and HLDL-c.
Conclusion
Both unhealthy diets and physical inactivity were significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, there was an additive interaction between physical inactivity combined with unhealthy diet and hypertension, T2D, HLDL-c and dyslipidemia. In conclusion, sufficient physical activities or healthy diet habits are an important protective factor for cardiovascular events, especially their combination.
Does response lag affect travelers’ stated preference? Evidence from a real-time stated adaptation survey
Authors: Fujiwara Keishi , Varghese Varun , Chikaraishi Makoto , Maruyama Takuya , Fujiwara Akimasa
Published: May 2023

Stated preference (SP) surveys typically ask respondents to make a choice under a hypothetical situation. However, the choice context is often unrealistic, leading to errors and biases in the response. To overcome this, revealed preference (RP) data has been used to create a more realistic choice context for generating SP questions. For instance, in stated adaptation (SA) surveys, users are asked to answer SP questions based on a specific RP context they actually experienced. One challenge in SA surveys is that it is difficult for the respondents to precisely recall the RP context, especially when there is a longer time gap between RP behavior and SP response (response lag). However, no empirical studies have been conducted to test how elicited preferences vary in response to changes in the response lag. This study empirically examines the impact of response lag on SP responses using real-time SA survey data collected from Kumamoto and Hiroshima, Japan. To accomplish this, we developed a survey tool that enables respondents to answer SP questions in real time, i.e., immediately after their RP behavior. The empirical results confirmed that systematic bias increases with an increase in response lag. Additionally, the results showed that the greater the response lag, the more respondents tended to focus on the SP attributes rather than the RP attributes. These findings indicate that the timing of responses is an important survey design parameter when conducting a SA survey.
Transcranial transmission ultrasound allows for reliable non-invasive exclusion of intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Krieg Sandro M. , Schwendner Maximilian , Kram Leonie , Zhang Haosu , Liang Raimunde , Negwer Chiara , Tetschke Florian , Meyer Bernhard
Published: May 2023

Background
Non-invasive measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) has failed for decades. Yet, it would allow for proper evaluation of unconscious patients suffering from non-penetrating traumatic brain injury (TBI). Transcranial transmission ultrasound (TTUS) measurements provided promising experimental data via brain pulsatility. This study investigates its potential for the detection of elevated ICPs via machine learning-based analysis.
Methods
Patients with severe TBI and invasive ICP monitoring were prospectively enrolled in our intensive care unit. ICP, arterial blood pressure, heart rate and TTUS measurements were simultaneously recorded in situations with and without elevated ICP. A classification model was implemented based on measurements derived from 9 patients with 387 episodes of increased ICP (> 15 mmHg) and 345 episodes of normal ICP (< 10 mmHg). The model was validated in a leave-one-subject-out procedure.
Results
25 patients aged 61·6 ± 17·6 years were enrolled from October 2021 to October 2022. 279 data sets with a mean ICP of 11·3 mmHg (1st quartile 6·1 mmHg; 3rd quartile 14·8 mmHg) were acquired and analyzed. Automated analysis of the TTUS measurements successfully identified increased ICP values > 15 mmHg with a sensitivity 100% and a specificity 47%. A negative predictive value of 100% was achieved, the positive predictive value was 14% for the test set.
Conclusions
TTUS can precisely exclude elevated ICP in TBI patients with a negative predictive value of 100%. Despite low specificity, exclusion of raised ICP can already partially identify patients in the field requiring immediate imaging and potentially neurosurgical intervention. Worth mentioning, this is the very first approach achieving such a high reliability.
Efficacy of Dietary Arginine: Lysine Ratio on Cardiometabolic and Nephrological Hypertension Transcriptional Marker in Wistar Rats
Authors: Vallabha Vishwanath Singanodi , Kumar Varun , Sukhdeo Shinde Vijay , Tiku Purnima Kaul
Published: May 2023

The research looked at the effects of high arginine and high lysine on the expression of transcriptional cardiometabolic indicators and nephrological hypertension markers in Wistar rats. Hypertensive Wistar rats were administered diets supplemented with two dietary amino acids, arginine and lysine. Biochemical indicators, as well as molecular indicators of vasodilator, nephrotoxic, and lipid-lowering, were studied. After 6 weeks of supplementing with high arginine (HA), the group's systolic blood pressure dropped by 25.0 mmHg. The effects of high arginine and high lysine treatment were measured using mRNA of vasodilator markers nephrotoxic markers, and lipid-lowering markers in Wistar rats. Our findings show that dietary supplementation with high arginine reduces nephrotoxicity and influences the metabolic pathways of cardiometabolic markers, hypercholesterolemia markers, and high lysine markers. Hypertension is the multifactorial ailment that affects over one billion individuals, cardiovascular disease, roughly one-third of world population, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an ignored medical basis of resistant hypertension with roughly 490 million CKD patients. In our present investigation, we hypothesise a profound effect of the dietary amino acids, arginine, and lysine, on hypertension, nephrotoxicity, and hypercholesterolemia. Hypercholesterolemia would result from an increase in lysine in the hepatic indicators of cholesterol, fatty acids, and TAG homeostasis. The high arg: lys ratio has a prominent influence in the effective regulation of the hypertension molecular markers in combating systolic blood pressure and controlling the hypercholesterolemia, and biomarkers of renal impairment recovery.
Microbial profile, antibiotic sensitivity pattern and empirical antibiotic therapy in acute cholecystitis. A Retrospective observational study
Authors: Xu Liming , Xu Yingge , Wang Tianpeng , Zhou Shengang , Jiang Chengxing , Zheng Yueliang , Cai Wenwei , Pan Yixiang , Wang Ziguang
Published: May 2023

Background
In moderate or severe acute cholecystitis, effective antibiotic therapy is important. We aimed to analyze microorganisms isolated from the bile of patients treated with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns to assess empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with acute cholecystitis.
Methods
A retrospective descriptive study of clinical data from patients with acute cholecystitis treated with PTGBD at Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022.
Results
Totally, 127 patients' clinical data were collected. 82 patients yielded positive for bile culture and 16 patients yielded positive for blood bacterial culture for at least 1 organism. A total of 124 microorganisms were isolated 19 bacterial and 1 fungal species. Escherichia coli (31.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (24.4%), Enterococcus faecium (8.9%), and Enterococcus faecalis(5.6%) were the most frequently isolated pathogenic organisms. Drug sensitivity studies have shown that Gram-negative bacteria are less susceptible to quinolones and cephalosporins, while Gram-positive bacteria are more resistant to erythromycin, and Streptomycin. Long-term nursing home stays are a risk factor for the generation of drug-resistant bacteria.
Conclusions
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterococcus are common causative agents of acute cholecystitis and they are highly resistant to clinically used antibiotics such as quinolones, cephalosporins, erythromycin, and Streptomycin. Empirical antibiotic use should cover both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, with triple-cephalosporins in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenem antibiotics such as imipenem and ertapenem preferred, and may be downgraded when the source of infection is controlled. Nursing facility patients should be aware of multi-drug-resistant bacteria.
Investigation on the effect of reinforcement compositions on the properties of Aluminum LM 25/h-BN/B 4 C hybrid composites
Authors: Katla Rajendar , K Eswaraiah
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the effect of the compositions of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and boron carbide (B4C) reinforcements on the properties of aluminum matrix composites (AMC). The compositions of both the reinforcements in the Aluminum LM 25(A 356) alloy metal matrix are varied from 0 to 10% by volume. Based on the mixture design of experiment, ten AMCs are fabricated with different reinforcement compositions by the stir casting process. The microstructure, density, porosity, and hardness of these AMCs are analyzed and compared with that of unreinforced base aluminum alloy to study the effects of reinforcement composition. Microstructure analysis revealed that the reinforcements were uniformly distributed in the matrix phase with minimal agglomeration for the composites with up to 6% reinforcements. The density was found to decrease with the increase in the reinforcements due to the presence of porosities in the matrix and the addition of low-density reinforcements. With the increase in the volume percentage of reinforcements in hybrid composites, there was an increase in hardness. BC10BN0 mono composites exhibited the highest hardness value of 78.8 BHN due to the presence of hard B4C ceramic particles, whereas BC10BN0 demonstrated the lowest hardness of 57.13 BHN because of the h-BN particles having lower hardness than B4C particles. Among the hybrid composites, BC5BN5 resulted in the highest hardness, which was 26.3% higher than the base aluminum alloy. From the desirability analysis, 94.194% of LM 25, 2.389% of h-BN, and 3.417% of B4C were found to be the optimal conditions for minimizing porosity and maximizing hardness. The hybrid aluminum matrix composites developed in the present study can be utilized for automobile and aerospace applications.
Focus shaping of cylindrically polarized higher-order Generalized Spiraling Bessel beams
Authors: Halba E. M. El , Hricha Z. , Belafhal A.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the focusing properties of the cylindrically polarized higher-order Generalized Spiraling Bessel beams (GSBB) by a high numerical aperture (NA) lens system are investigated based on the Richards and Wolf vectorial diffraction method. Intensity distribution of the cylindrically polarized higher-order GSBB at the focal region is derived and analyzed with numerical examples. It is shown that tailored focal patterns with a multi-ringed dark hollow profile and a flat-top profile can be achieved. The central dark region's width, the multi-ringed structure, and the peak intensity and width of the flat-topped profile can be controlled by adjusting properly the polarization rotation angle, the topological charge, the axicon base angle, and the order of the beam. The focusing properties of the beam may find applications in laser scanning microscopy, optical micro-particle trapping, and optical data storage.
Initial Experience of Thoracoscopic Segmentectomy of Basal Segment Through the Inferior Pulmonary Ligament Approach in Treating Congenital Lung Malformations in Children
Authors: Guo Rui , Liu Jike , Zhai Yunpeng , Zhao Huashan , Xu Hongxiu , Lv Longfei , Zhang Shisong
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and limitations of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the basal segment (S10).
Methods
Clinical data of 15 children with congenital lung malformations (CLM) who underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy of S10 via the inferior pulmonary ligament approach from January to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The demographics, clinical presentation, intraoperative time, blood loss, postoperative events, and follow-up duration were assessed.
Results
All the surgeries went well. Fourteen patients underwent S10 segmentectomy, with one undergoing right S10 segmentectomy and right S6 partial wedge resection. The surgical time was 57–125 min (median, 80 min), intraoperative bleeding volume (5–20 ml; median, 10 ml), postoperative drainage tube indwelling (2–4 d; median, 3 d), and postoperative hospitalization time (4–7 d; median, 5 d). No intraoperative conversions, surgical mortalities, or major complications were observed among these patients. Subcutaneous emphysema appeared in three patients; however, it disappeared following conservative observation without pneumothorax or bronchopleural fistula occurrence.
Conclusions
Thoracoscopic segmentectomy of S10 via the inferior pulmonary ligament approach is technically feasible for treating CLM; however, this surgical approach may have certain limitations for CLM with large cysts.
Transport of Maxwell fluid in a cylindrical tube under the influence of wave amplitude
Authors: Shukla Vijay Kumar , Chandra Subhash , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: May 2023

In this article, we investigate the flow of a Maxwell fluid induced by peristaltic waves with progressively dilating wave amplitude and examine its impact on the swallowing of a single food bolus through the oesophagus. The effect of distinct parameters on the pressure is studied under the theory of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations. And it is concluded that the pressure, wall shear stress and reflux increses with increasing dilation parameter.
DNA aptamers target PD-L1 and conjugate gemcitabine as a novel therapeutic strategy α β γ chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for bladder cancer....
Authors: Hu Xing , Zeng Hongliang , Peng Yongbo , Deng Minhua , Xiang Wei , Liu Biao , Liu Jiahao , Fu Yunlong , Hu Zhiqiang , Hou Weibin , Liu Xuewen , Tang Jin , Long Zhi , Wang Long , Liu Jianye
Published: May 2023

Due to the poor stability and adverse effects of chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine, the current effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy is minimal. Some patients also show a low response rate to immunotherapy. Therefore, we have designed and synthesized a novel material PD-L1-GEMs with targeted specificity. PD-L1-GEMs specifically bound to bladder cancer cells. Free gemcitabine cleaved by a phosphatase entered bladder cancer cells through the macropinocytosis pathway and induced cytotoxicity. PD-L1-GEMs showed good stability, binding specificity and significant inhibitory effects in vitro. Two bladder tumor models (subcutaneous model and in-situ model) showed inhibition of growth and progression in PD-L1-GEMs treatment, as well as good biosafety in vivo. The PD-L1 aptamer blocked the binding of PD-L1 on the tumor cell surface to PD-1 on T lymphocytes, restoring their immune function, inducing cytokine production and aggregation, and exerting an immune killing role on bladder cancer cells. PD-L1-GEMs represent a successful chemotherapy-immunotherapy strategy for bladder cancer.
Ethnic spatial dispersion and immigrant identity
Authors: Constant Amelie F. , Schüller Simone , Zimmermann Klaus F.
Published: May 2023

The role of ethnic clustering in ethnic identity formation has remained unexplored, mainly due to missing detailed data. This study closes the knowledge gap for Germany by employing a unique combination of datasets, the survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and disaggregated information at low geographical levels from the last two but still unexploited full German censuses, 1970 and 1987. Utilizing the exogenous placement of immigrants during the recruitment era in the 1960s and 1970s we find that local co-ethnic concentration affects immigrants’ ethnic identity. While residential ethnic clustering strengthens immigrants’ retention of an affiliation with their origin (minority identity), it weakens identification with the host society (majority identity). The effects are nonlinear and become significant only at relatively high levels of co-ethnic concentration for the minority identity and at very low levels of local concentration for the majority identity. The findings are robust to an instrumental variable approach.
JEL Codes: J15; R23; Z10
Digitale Medien zur Unterstützung eines sprachsensiblen (inklusiven) Sportunterrichts
Authors: Kehm Svenja , Wirths Hannah , Tiemann Heike , Glück Christian
Published: May 2023

Sprache ist ein wesentlicher Aspekt für die erfolgreiche Partizipation in Schule und Unterricht. Obgleich das Unterrichtsfach Sport sehr bewegungs- und handlungsorientiert ist, ergeben sich auch dort besondere sprachliche Herausforderungen, welche die Teilhabe von Schüler*innen mit Deutsch als Zweit- oder Fremdsprache, mit Förderbedarf oder aus einem sprachlich wenig anregenden Umfeld behindern können. Diese können sich z. B. durch die vorrangige Verwendung der Lautsprache ohne unterstützende Schriftsprache, ungünstige räumlich-akustische Gegebenheiten, durch die sprachliche Komplexität von Instruktionen sowie durch die Verwendung von Bildungs- und Fach- bzw. Sportsprache ergeben. Jene sprachlichen Barrieren werden im vorliegenden Artikel charakterisiert und unter Einbezug der Kriterien und Methoden des Konzepts zum sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht näher beleuchtet. Als eine Möglichkeit, den Barrieren im (inklusiven) Sportunterricht zu begegnen, wird der Einsatz digitaler Medien und Technologien hervorgehoben. Im Anschluss wird anhand eines Praxisbeispiels aus der universitären Ausbildung von Sportlehrkräften aufgezeigt, wie sprachlichen Barrieren unter Einbezug digitaler Medien begegnet werden kann. Es wird diskutiert, wie ein sprachsensibler (inklusiver) Sportunterricht mit digitalen Medien Teilhabe und Inklusion fördern sowie potenzielle Barrieren abbauen kann.
 
Abstract
Language is an essential aspect for successful participation in school and thus also in physical education. Although physical education is primarily oriented towards movement and action, there are also special linguistic challenges that can hinder the participation of pupils with German as a second or foreign language, with special needs or from a linguistically little stimulating environment. These can result e. g. from the predominant use of spoken language without supporting written language, poor spatial-acoustic conditions, the linguistic complexity of instructions and the use of educational and subject language. In this article these linguistic barriers are characterised and examined in more detail within the language-sensitive teaching approach and its methods. The use of digital technologies is emphasised as one way of counteracting these barriers in (inclusive) physical education. Subsequently, a practical example from the university training of physical education teachers illustrates how language barriers can be countered using digital technologies. It will be discussed how language-sensitive physical education with digital technologies can enable participation and inclusion, break down potential barriers and create positive experiences.
An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of Residential Satisfaction in Purchased Rental Housing : Focusing on the Case of Purchased Rental Housing in Incheon
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Jung Won-Jae , Choi Min-Seob
Published: May 2023

The results of the empirical analysis showed that ‘economic factors’ were the most important influencing factors on the ‘residential satisfaction’ of purchased rental housing tenants. Next, ‘external housing factors’, ‘management factors’, and ‘location factors’ were analyzed to have a significant impact on ‘residential satisfaction’. However, ‘social factors’ and ‘internal housing factors’ were found to be insignificant.
The policy implications are as follows: The most important variable is ‘economic factors’, which means that it is urgent for the government to provide support policies for purchased rental housing tenants who have become more burdened with housing costs due to the aftermath of COVID-19 and the recent global triple-dip recession. In addition, the importance of ‘external housing factors’ and ‘location factors’ suggests a change in the existing housing purchase process for business owners to more actively develop indicators that improve the quality of life of tenants. Finally, the importance of the “management factors” suggests that owners of new purchased rental housing also need to establish a management system to proactively respond to housing deterioration.
Recent Synthetic Developments of Asymmetric Multicomponent Transformations: Strecker, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi Reactions
Authors: Carvalho Marcelo , Amarante Giovanni , de Castro Pedro
Published: May 2023

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are important transformations, which allow the attainment of structurally complex derivatives in a single step, starting from three or more compounds with relatively simple structures. These reactions are generally associated with the principles of green chemistry, allowing the incorporation of most (or all) atoms of the starting materials in the products (atom economy) and reducing purification steps (and, consequently, the need for solvents and waste production). For a long time, asymmetric methodologies (in special enantioselective protocols) for most multicomponent transformations remained a gap in the literature, limiting the use of these reactions to produce derivatives only as racemates or in low diastereoselectivities. Over the last two decades, a better comprehension of the mechanisms associated with these transformations allowed the development of efficient enantio- and diastereoselective procedures, attracting the interest of both academia and industry. In this review, selected examples of four important multicomponent reactions (Strecker, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi) will be discussed, presenting a general overview of the development of this field and pointing out possible advantages and limitations of the above mentioned methodologies. In some cases, discussions around mechanisms, proposed transition states and activation modes will be detailed disclosed.
Assessing drainage water quality for irrigation using the water quality index and DataFit software
Authors: Abbas Jabir Al-humairi Basima , Shamkhi Rahal Nadhum
Published: May 2023

In this research, the quality of drainage water was studied by using the water quality index (WQI). Water samples were taken from the Al-Dujaila River and Al-Dujaila drainage. Drainage water was diluted to different ratios with river water to decrease its salinity and increase its potential for agricultural uses. The diluted samples contained between 0 and 100% drainage water, and between 100 and 0% river water, in 10% steps – i.e., 0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, and 5:5. After dilution of water, chemical properties, ion activities, electrical conductivity (EC), soil reaction (pH), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), and total dissolved solid (TDS)) were measured in the laboratory of the University of Wasit/College of Agriculture, for computing the drainage water quality index (DWQI), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and soluble magnesium percentage (Mg%). Mathematical models were generated to predict the DWQI using DataFit software, depending on the water's chemical properties, and to find the best dilution ratio, which was 9:1. Model 2 includes the DWQI with SAR, ESP gave the best results (R2 = 99.99%, relative error (RE) = 0.0007, mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.425, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.6, and standard error of estimate (SEE) = 1.992). The diluted drainage water used in this study was not suitable for either irrigation or human use.
Monitoring and prediction of land use/land cover changes and water requirements in the basin of the Urmia Lake, Iran
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Aalami Mohammad Taghi , Golmohammadi Hassan , Shahnazi Saman
Published: May 2023

As one of the largest super-saline lakes in the world, Lake Urmia in northwestern Iran has been facing severe drying in recent years. Drought and rapid expansion of agricultural activities are considered to be the main driving factors in the shrinking of the lake. To address this problem, an analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) is important. This research implemented a multi-source satellite image analysis through support vector machine (SVM) for mapping LULC distributions for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020. Cellular automata (CA)–Markov was prepared for modeling the future landscape changes for 2030 and 2040. In the last step, the water requirement of agriculture in the catchment area of the Urmia Lake was simulated through the NETWAT model. Through the employed future LULC modeling, it was found that the areas covered by irrigated agriculture and gardens will grow from 1,450 and 395 km2 to 3,600 and 1,650 km2 in 2040, respectively, as deduced from the changes that occurred from 2000 to 2020. This will increase the water requirement of agriculture from 1.5 billion cubic metres in 2000 to more than 4.1 billion cubic metres in 2040.
On new methods for measuring and identifying dust microparticles in ambient air
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskiy Ave., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Kokoulin А.N. , May I.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 6140045, Russian Federation, Zagorodnov S.Yu. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 6140045, Russian Federation, Yuzhakov А.А. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskiy Ave., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

Established health hazards posed by dust microparticles require automated and mobile devices for their assessment. Such devices should provide an opportunity to analyze component and disperse structures of the solid component in ambient air pollution operatively and in real time. In future, they will replace labor-consuming sampling and separate identification of fraction structure and chemical composition of dusts. The aim of this study was to develop and test new methodical, procedural and instrumental approaches to monitoring of solid particles in ambient air. We suggest a hardware and software complex that implements a two-stage scheme for identifying solid particles sampled in ambient air according to the from-coarse-to-fine principle. The first stage involves identifying the total concentration of solid particles by laser diffraction. Microphotographs are taken with iMicro Q2 mini portable microscope with magnification x800. The microscope lens is connected to a camera, which is linked to nVidia Jetson Nano micro PC. The micro PC classifies particles, identifies their contours by using a neural network and deals with image segmentation. The second stage relies on using computer vision that makes it possible to automate routine recognition of particle images created by the microscope in order to calculate levels of different substances in a sample. All the data are analyzed by the second neural network that performs preset calculations in accordance with mathematical logic (model). The network is trained using a library that contains attributed microphotographs of dusts with different qualitative and disperse structures. The algorithm has been tested with some promising results. Identified disperse structures and chemical composition of dusts turn out to be quite similar to those identified by conventional approaches and measurement methods. The method has been shown to offer wide opportunities to identify dust composition and structure, to create dust pollution profiles, and to estimate a contribution made by a specific source to overall pollution. The study results ensure more correct and precise health risk assessment under exposure to dusts in ambient air.
Patriarchal Subordination of Women and Nature in Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing and Margaret Atwood’s The Edible Woman
Authors: Ağır Barış
Published: May 2023

By challenging patriarchal worldviews and anthropocentric ideology and advocating for new, more harmonious relationships among humans, non-humans, and the natural world, ecofeminism tries to understand the connection between genders and environmental degradation. Anthropocentrism and patriarchy are shown to be the primary causes of the oppression of women and the natural world by men, and a biocentric worldview is advocated as a solution. This study, which compares Doris Lessing's The Grass is Singing and Margaret Atwood's The Edible Woman, focuses on the tragic endings shared by women and the natural world in both novels. When reexamined via the lens of ecofeminism, the two works reveal a shared concern for the welfare of women and the natural world, as well as a critique of patriarchal society's destructive effects on both.
The First Application of Leximetric Analysis on the Drug Law in Italy
Authors: De Marinis Francesca
Published: May 2023

The leximetric is a quantitative analysis method that can be applied to any
law, with the aim of evaluating the policy objectives of the study and its effects. It is
also used to compare policies adopted in the same state over the years or in different
states and the different impacts they have on social factors.
In the present work, we apply this methodology for the first time to the laws on the sale
and consumption of psychotropic substances to quantitatively assess the a priori level
of repression that they express.
The subjects of this study are the three different ‘anti-drug’ laws in force in Italy in the
period 1991-2018. We first choose the variable that can express in the abstract the
degree of severity of these laws, then we elaborate a neutral scale in which we explain
how we assign every score (on a decimal or binary system) and lastly, we evaluate the
laws using the variable chosen.
A Review of the NERA Model Applied to the Recreational Use of Marijuana in the State of Washington
Authors: Ruhomally Yusra Bibi , Zaid Dauhoo Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Given that the legalization of marijuana is escalating in many parts of the
world, the impact of Initiative-502 (I-502) in the state of Washington is appraised using
the NERA model (N: Nonuser, E: Experimental user, R: Recreational user, A: Addict).
Data available [12-15], on the prevalence of marijuana use, are used for analysis. To
calibrate the model, genetic algorithm is performed for the periods prior to and post I 502. A rise in the peer pressure that recreational and experimental users exert on
nonusers to try drugs in the post legalization period, is noted. The simulations show
good agreement with the observed data, depicting the efficiency of NERA. Additional
numerical investigations are conducted and the experiments show a growing tendency
towards the population of marijuana users post I-502. The concept of targeted
campaigns of prevention is explained and the effect of implementing such campaigns
of prevention 1 year before I-502 on both the experimental and recreational users is
examined. The numerical illustrations demonstrate a decline in the proportion of
marijuana users when such campaigns of prevention are enacted 1 year prior to I-502.
The present study provides a more feasible insight into the impact of I-502 and
furnishes valuable perspectives to assist the health authorities in addressing the
complex issue related to the rise of marijuana consumption. These findings can be
useful to other states and countries considering changing the legality of marijuana use. 
Evaluating Treatment Outcomes from Drug Policies and Practices
Authors: Maria Comiskey Catherine , Mary McCarthy Elizabeth , Swithenbank Zoe , Hay Gordon
Published: May 2023

Although the human right of individuals around the world has been
recognised and enshrined in the United Nations 1966 Convention, global drug policies
continue to debate the prevailing philosophies of treatment and practice and often fail
to monitor, evaluate, and inform these policies with the best international evidence on
what works, for whom, and when.
This chapter will introduce the need to evaluate treatment policy with an overview of
treatment philosophies; discuss methodological considerations; measure outcomes and
implementation; and finally, outline the future of treatment policy evaluation.
There is a widespread availability of a diverse range of drugs worldwide that are
increasing in potency and purity with adverse consequences for individuals, families,
communities, and societies. Due to the prevalence and complexity of drug use and
marketing globally, along with the rights of individuals to receive appropriate
treatment, there is a need for evidence-based information and research to develop the
best international practice to ensure good treatment evaluation and outcomes.
Methodological considerations were discussed and examples of case studies, across a
range of countries that measured outcomes were outlined, highlighting the importance
of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of treatment modalities and
philosophies.
Drug treatment policies and philosophies vary across countries due to practice,
finances, resources, vested interests, resistance to change, and other constraints.
Current practices need ongoing evaluation in terms of needs, process, outcome, client
satisfaction, and economics in order to ensure that treatments are ethical and person centred, meeting the goals of individuals rather than imposing perceived successful
outcomes. 
Synthesis and Characterization of Cerium-based Nanomaterials
Authors: Atri Shalu , Sangeeta Bentham Science Publisher
Published: May 2023

Pristine ceria is an extensively explored nanomaterial. In order to improve
physiochemical properties of ceria and ceria based materials, a different synthetic
strategy has been employed which has been highlighted in the current chapter. The
high stability of pristine ceria offers an opportunity to utilize it as a host lattice against
the doping/substitution of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, rare
earth and noble metals. This way incorporation of different valence metals ion into
ceria causes structural distortion which further facilitates alteration of the physical and
chemical properties of host lattice. Diverse synthetic conditions are used to stabilize
ceria and ceria-based materials in nano-resime having morphologies such as nanowires,
nanocubes, nanospheres, nanotubes and many more. Thus, different morphologies of
ceria and ceria-based materials are mainly applicable for their high technological
importance. The synthesized samples can be characterized by using powder X-ray
diffraction, Raman scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy,
transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 
Photocatalytic Application of Cerium-based Nanomaterials
Authors: Amo Nande , Dhoble Sanjay J.
Published: May 2023

This chapter pivots on Ce-based catalysts’ employment in numerous
catalytic applications glancing at the foremost commercial technologies due to their
high abundance in the earth's crust. Ceria - CeO2
is considered the most stable oxide
which confirms that Ce3+ prefers the oxidation state than the Ce4+ oxidation state. This
is also known as oxygen - storage capacity. CeO2
shows good photocatalytic activity.
This chapter explores the important properties of Ce and CeO2
with a comparison of
their bulk properties with their properties at the nanoscale. Further, different synthesis
processes of Ce and CeO2
nanoparticles have been discussed. Later, the chapter
addresses the mechanism of photocatalysis using CeO2
nanoparticles. Further, the
chapter discusses applications and studies of doped CeO2
based photocatalysts, and we
will try to display a brief rundown of emerging technologies in the ongoing field to
encourage further reading. 
Biological, Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Application of Cerium-based Materials
Authors: Awasthi Amardeep , Agarwal Yashi , Chandra Ramesh
Published: May 2023

Cerium-based materials have established themselves as biologically active
materials with a wide range of pharmacological benefits. In particular, Nanoceria has
been proven to be the most versatile and effective therapeutic agent due to its surface
area-to-volume ratio. In this chapter, we made an attempt to discuss all important
therapeutic applications of Cerium based materials. Also, the mechanistic course of
action of cerium-based materials has been emphasized in this chapter. Moreover, the
possible toxicity of cerium-based materials in the biological system has been reviewed
in the later section of this chapter. 
Modeling and Parametric Study of Electric Vehicle Charging via WiTricity. A Multiple Harmonic Analysis
Authors: Som Trina , Jain Pragati
Published: May 2023

Technological challenges to the widespread adoption of battery-powered devices contain substantial weight with a high cost and low power density. To bring an improvement in over-dependency on batteries, wireless power transfer is a ray of hope in energizing electric-driven devices. Moreover, for high voltage transmission lines, optimization of natural frequency plays an important role in efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) considering dc to load supply. In consideration of different aspects of wireless power transfer technology, a completely optimized method should be adapted for monitoring. In the present work, a model of an electric car vehicle has been developed based on WiTricity. This concept of wireless power transfer has been realized in this work as a small-scale simulated model, which can be used to charge batteries, mobile, door locks, and propeller clocks, Further, the evolving wireless power transfer technologies often face difficulty in asymmetrical variable-frequency pulse-width-modulated (WPT) systems. To deal with these multiple harmonics as inherently generated by variable frequency amplitude pulse width modulation (VFAPWM), a multiple harmonics analysis technique has been adopted in this work. Different parameters like loads and duty cycle have been varied with varying frequencies, to study the charging current harmonic distortion and voltage harmonic distortions. The difference in voltage observed was essentially nonexistent, with a 1.8 to 3 times variation in switching frequency. Moreover, the pattern of deviation has been noticed for output voltage when the load was varied from 20% to 100%. Additionally, a comparative study has also been performed in evaluating the charging current distortion pattern by the implementation of both MHA techniques and conventional first harmonic approximation (FMA). 