bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN RENSTRA RUMAH SAKIT: TREND WATCHING ANALYSIS
Authors: Pribadi Firman , Arini Merita
Published: March 2021

Rencana strategis (renstra) adalah bagian vital dalam manajemen rumah sakit. Penyusunan renstra saat ini bukanlah hal mudah sehinggs banyak rumah sakit yang menyusunkan renstranya melalui konsultan manajemen dan berbiaya tinggi mulai dari puluhan juta hingga ratusan juta rupiah, tergantung pada tingkat kesulitan dan kedalaman renstra yang dibuat.Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah melatih staf dan pimpinan rumah sakit yang terlibat dalam penyusunan renstra untuk belajar cara mengumpulkan data, mengolah data, dan menyimpulkan data eksternal dan internal guna melakukan trend watching analysis. Metode pelatihan dilaksanakan secara online melalui media zoom, sedangkan metode trend watching analisis dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode proses analisis lingkungan, analisis persaingan industri, dan five forces Michael Porter. Hasil pelatihan menunjukan bahwa peserta pelatihan merasa puas karena mendapatkan pencerahan dan pemahaman yang baik dan komprehensif tentang cara mengolah data dan menyimpulkan hasil pengolahan data lingkungan ekternal dan internal dalam trend watching analysis. Implikasi dari pelatihan ini diharapkan rumah sakit dapat menyusun renstra sendiri terutama terkait trend watching analysis. Setelah pelatihan dilakukan, terdapat peningkatan skill peserta dalam melakukan trend watching analysis sehingga penyusunan renstra sesuai yang dengan persyaratan akreditasi rumah sakit dapat dilakukan.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS GENERASI SADAR KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PUTRI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH I BANTUL
Authors: Hayati Nur , Wahyuni Alfaina , Dhiya An Alfun
Published: March 2021

Kesehatan reproduksi sangat penting untuk dipahami oleh semua orang, khususnya remaja putri. Banyak remaja mendapatkan pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dari media sosial yang tidak terjamin kebenarannya. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesadaran remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi. Mitra kegiatan ini adalah remaja putri siswi SMA yang rentan terhadap pengaruh negatif dari media sosial maupun lingkungannya. Metode pengabdian masyarakat dengan mengadakan webinar yang diikuti oleh siswa SMA. Pembicara menyampaikan materi mengenai kesehatan reproduksi melalui webinar dan membuat poster-poster untuk dibaca oleh mitra. Sebelum mengikuti webinar siswa diuji pengetahuannya mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dengan pretest. Setelah mendapatkan pemaparan materi, dilakukan postest. Hasil analisis pretest dan postest menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan siswa mengenai kesehatan reproduksi. Pengabdian masyarakat dengan webinar dan pembuatan poster dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa mengenai kesehatan reproduksi.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI FASILITATOR DALAM MEWUJUDKAN DESA MUNTUK SEBAGAI DESA WISATA DAN BERBUDAYA
Authors: Musjtari Dewi Nurul , Hamsin M. Khaeruddin , Nurmawati Nurmawati
Published: March 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi fasilitator perangkat dusun dalam mewujudkan Desa Muntuk sebagai Desa Sadar Wisata dan Berbudaya.  Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan pengabdian adalah sosialisasi, penyuluhan hukum dan ekonomi tentang penyelesaian sengketa kemasyarakatan, pelatihan mitigasi bencana, pelatihan bagi fasilitator penyelesaian sengketa keasyarakatan dan lingkungan. Hasil pengabdian pada masyarakat diperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan dari aparat dusun, ibu-ibu PKK, anggota masyarakat tentang Desa Wisata dan Budaya, Digital Marketing, dan Mitigasi Bencana. Setiap kegiatan diikuti oleh 30 peserta dengan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini sebagai berikut. Kegiatan PPDM yang dilaksanakan di Desa Muntuk memberikan peningkatan kompetensi bagi 30 (tiga puluh) fasilitator terkait Desa Wisata dan Budaya. Permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat mengenai perselisihan ekonomi, budaya dan teknologi teratasi dan munculnya kemauan masyarakat untuk terus belajar dan bekerja sama dalam meningkatkan kompetensi sebagai fasilitator. Harapannya, terwujudnya Desa Muntuk sebagai Desa Wisata dan Budaya dilaksanakan bersama antara Kepala Desa, Kepala Dusun, ibu-ibu PKK dan warga masyarakat.
PEMANFAATAN LAHAN SEMPIT MELALUI BUDIDAYA SAYURAN DI DUKUH TANGKILAN SLEMAN
Authors: Rineksane Innaka Ageng Rineksane , Prabasari Indira
Published: March 2021

Dasa Wisma Alamanda berada di Dukuh Tangkilan, RT 7 dan RW 23, Desa Sidoarum, Kecamatan Godean, Kabupaten Sleman.  Permasalahan yang dihadapi anggota Dasa Wisma Alamanda diantaranya pemahaman dan keterampilan yang kurang untuk budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit.  Selain itu kondisi rumah dengan halaman terbatas karena berada di area perumahan juga menjadi masalah dalam budidaya sayuran.  Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah penyuluhan serta praktik budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan, demonstrasi, dan pendampingan budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit. Hasil penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan praktik budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman anggota Dasa Wisma Alamanda terhadap pengetahuan dan praktik budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit mencapai 84,4% sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan, pelatihan serta praktik budidaya sayuran.  Pemahaman tersebut meningkat menjadi 98,3% setelah mengikuti penyuluhan, pelatihan dan praktik budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit.  Seluruh peserta melakukan praktik budidaya sayuran di halaman rumah masing-masing dan menyatakan senang serta terkesan setelah mengikuti pelatihan dan praktik penanaman sayuran tersebut.  Sebanyak 30% dari total peserta bahkan telah berkreasi melakukan penanaman sayuran di halaman rumahnya dengan variasi wadah tanam selain yang digunakan pada saat pelatihan melalui pemanfaatan barang bekas.  Pengabdian masyarakat telah meningkatkan pemahaman dan praktik budidaya sayuran di lahan sempit bagi anggota Dasa Wisma Alamanda.
PENGUATAN KAPASITAS PENYUSUNAN DOKUMEN RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN DESA
Authors: Arifuddin Arifuddin , Anto La Ode , Nur Syamsir , Mirosea Nitri
Published: March 2021

Pandemi global membawa perubahan tatanan pada sektor perekonomian dan kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Kecamatan Konda (Sulawesi Tenggara) merupakan sentra UMKM disektor perdagangan hasil tanaman pangan, perkebunan serta industri olahan bahan makanan (BPS Konawe Selatan, 2019). Daerah ini merupakan rantai nilai utama dalam penyediaan bahan pangan, artinya warga desa yang berkarakter semi-urban sangat rawan dalam rantai penyebaran virus. Ruang intervensi pemerintah daerah hingga di level desa dalam pencegahan dan penanganan dampak Covid-19 dilakukan melalui refocusing dan realokasi anggaran termasuk dana desa. Tujuan dan output kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk membantu menyusun rencana pembangunan desa yang mengintegrasikan risiko ekonomi (kelangsungan usaha masyarakat desa) akibat pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Learning and Action. Hasil analisis situasi sosial melalui metode survei lapangan terdapat keterbatasan kemampuan aparatur desa menyusun rencana pembangunan jangka menengah desa (RPJMDes) serta anggaran  pendapatan desa (APBDes) dalam upaya memitigasi risiko bencana dalam kondisi pandemi Covid-19. Fokus pembangunan desa pada infrastruktur seperti pengerasan jalan dan duiker sedangkan fasilitas kesehatan masih minim. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui knowledge sharing dan pelatihan penyusunan rencana anggaran pembangunan desa yang diikuti oleh aparatur dari 15 desa.
PENDAMPINGAN PROGRAM PILAH SAMPAH DI KELOMPOK PENGELOLA SAMPAH NGUDI RESIK DESA POTORONO, BANGUNTAPAN, BANTUL
Authors: Widodo Aris Slamet , Nurjanah Adhianty
Published: March 2021

Tujuan pengabdian di Pedukuhan Banjardadap, Desa Potorono, Kecamatan Banguntapan, Kabupaten Bantul adalah melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat agar terjadi perubahan kesadaran serta perilaku masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga. Kelembagaan masyarakat pengelola sampah yaitu Ngudi Resik Barokah merupakan kelompok sasaran utama pendampingan ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan pendekatan PRA (participatory rural appraisal) dengan teknik FGD (focus group discussion). Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan adalah penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan meningkatnya komitmen dan terjadi perubahan sikap terhadap pentingnya pengelolaan sampah. Meningkatnya kemampuan pengurus dalam pengelolaan sampah organik rumah tangga dan teknik pemilahan sampah (3R). Terbentuknya inisiasi lembaga Pilah Sampah di Pedukuhan Banjardadap. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian menunjukan bahwa target dari pengabdian telah tercapai yaitu meningkatnya kesadaran warga terkait pentingnya pengelolaan sampah sehingga terjadi perubahan perilaku masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah serta penguatan kelembagaan Pilah Sampah.
PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA KECELAKAAN DI KELUARGA
Authors: Noor Hafni Zuchra
Published: March 2021

Cedera karena kecelakaan, yang bisa meliputi apa saja mulai dari jatuh dan terbakar hingga luka, sering terjadi di rumah. Tingkat pengetahuan tentang kecelakaan yang dapat terjadi di keluarga, dapat memengaruhi sikap dan tindakan pertolongan pertama di rumah. Oleh karena itu, edukasi tentang pertolongan pertama kecelakaan di keluarga sangatlah penting, tidak hanya kepada ibu saja, tetapi kepada seluruh anggota keluarga. Diharapkan dengan pemberian bekal pengetahuan tentang pertolongan pertama kecelakaan di keluarga dapat menurunkan tingkat kesalahan dan keparahan dari kejadian kecelakaan di rumah dan juga dapat mencegah terjadinya hal tersebut. Pengabdian dilakukan dengan cara virtual melalui whatsapp group (WAG) dan memberikan paparan edukasi melalui video edukasi di youtube. Tiga puluh delapan peserta mengikuti edukasi dengan baik dan peserta diberikan sepuluh soal sebelum dan sesudah edukasi. Hasil kegiatan berupa meningkatnya kepahaman peserta pengabdian terhadap pertolongan pertama kecelakaan di keluarga atau rumah tangga.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGANGGULANGAN TANAH LONGSOR DI DUSUN SONYO
Authors: Iswanto Iswanto , Nugroho Guntur , Shomad Muhammad Abdus , Raharja Nia Maharani , Ma'arif Alfian
Published: March 2021

Dukuh Sonyo dipimpin oleh Bapak Suranto sebagai kepala dukuh. Pedukuhan tersebut terdiri atas delapan RT dengan jumlah kepala keluarga adalah 173. Pedukuhan tersebut terletak di daerah pegunungan di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Dukuh Sonyo berbatasan dengan Dukuh Sidomulyo dan Dukuh Gunung Kelir. Pedukuhan Sonyo yang terletak di daerah pegunungan memiliki banyak permasalahan. Salah satu permasalah yang menjadi perhatian khusus yaitu permasalahan tentang rawannya terjadi bencana alam. Bencana alam yang sering terjadi di dusun tersebut yaitu tanah longsor. Dikhawatirkan pada musim hujan disertai terjadi hujan lebat dapat mengakibatkan tanah longsor. Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas maka pengabdian masyarakat ini mendesain dan menerapkan alat peringatan dini tanah longsor. Alat ini dibuat dengan menggunakan komponen utamanya mikrokontroller yang digunakan sebagai pengolah data, sensor menggunakan potensiometer untuk mendeteksi pergerakkan tanah, dan sirine. Selain pemasangan alat tanah longsor, pengabdian masyarakat ini juga memberikan pelajaran tentang pengangulangan tanah longsor.
PENDAMPINGAN PENILAIAN MANDIRI BANGUNAN SEKOLAH MUHAMMADIYAH AMAN GEMPA BUMI DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rosyidi Sri Atmaja P. , Pujianto As’at , Harsoyo Yoga A. , Lesmana Surya Budi , Suryanto Arwan , Faizah Restu , Santoso Budi
Published: March 2021

Sejalan dengan semangat untuk melindungi hak-hak anak atas perlindungan, keamanan, dan kelangsungan hidup, Pemerintah telah menerbitkan Perka BNPB No. 4 tahun 2012 tentang Pedoman Penerapan Sekolah Aman Bencana terhadap Kerangka Kerja Sekolah Aman yaitu fasilitas sekolah aman, manajemen bencana di sekolah dan pendidikan pencegahan dan pengurangan risiko bencana. MDMC dan Majelis Dikdasmen Muhammadiyah sudah menerapkan konsep-konsep dan implementasi sekolah siaga bencana di sekolah-sekolah Muhammadiyah dengan membentuk Sistem Pendidikan Aman Bencana (SPAB). Namun, MDMC dan Majelis dikdasmen PMW DIY masih memerlukan tindak lanjut yang berkaitan dengan penilaian bangunan sekolah Muhammadiyah aman bencana dari sisi struktural, yaitu bagaimana sekolah diberdayakan untuk mampu menilai secara mandiri kondisi bangunan yang aman terhadap gempa bumi untuk langkah mitigasi yang sesuai. Penguatan kapasitas sekolah dilakukan dengan pendampingan dan FGD melalui webinar yang dilaksanakan dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu pengenalan dasar-dasar kebencanaan, penilaian bangunan untuk sekolah aman bencana dan praktek pelaksanaan penilaian bangunan sekolah secara mandiri. Luaran kegiatan ini adaah terususnya pedoman penilaian sekolah aman bencana alam gempa bumi dan tindak lanjut dengan penyusunan tim evaluator sekolah aman dari MDMC, Majelis Dikdasmen dan tim penilai bangunan yang ditunjuk dari masing-masing sekolah Muhammadiyah di wilayah DIY.
Determine the frequency of peripartum hystrectomy in placenta previa
Authors: Usman Amna , Shabbir Quratulain , Naz Falak , Yasmeen Attiya , Naz Mubashra , Faisal Sanober
Published: March 2021

Background: Peripartum hysterectomy is one of the life saving procedure performed after vaginal delivery or caesarean birth or in the immediate postpartum period in cases of intractable haemorrhage due to uterine atony, rupture uterus and placental disorders and it is usually reserved for the situations where conservative measures fail to control the haemorrhage. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of peripartum hysterectomy in placenta praevia.Methods: The study was cross-sectional. It was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Punjab Medical College and affiliated Hospital, Faisalabad. Study was carried out over a period of six months from October 2010 to March 2011. Total 130 cases of placenta praevia undergone caesarean section were included in this study. In cases of primary postpartum haemorrhage conservative management was done first in the form of intramuscular syntometrine (Oxytocin 5 IU/ergometrine 0.5 mg). Intravenous infusion syntocinon (40 IU in 500ml 0.9% saline over 4-6 hours).Results: Mean age of the patients was found to be 30.9±6.7 years. Distribution of cases by gestational age shows, 52 (40.0%) patients had gestation of 28-36 weeks and 78 (60.0%) patients had gestation of 37-41. Mean gestational age was observed 37.5±3.4 weeks. Parity distribution was as follows: 76 (58.5%) patients had parity 0-3, 34 (26.1%) patients had parity 4-6 and 20 (15.4%) patients had parity > 6 with mean parity of 3.2±1.9. Conservative management was done in 129 patients (99.3%). Peripartum hysterectomy was found to be in 1 patient (0.7%).Conclusions: Placental pathology is the leading cause of postpartum hemorrhage and the main indications of peripartum hysterectomy. Timely operation minimizes the morbidity and mortality.
The association between medication adherence and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients attending a tertiary hospital in south-south Nigeria
Authors: Ozumba Lillian N. , Ndukwu Geraldine U.
Published: March 2021

Background: Hypertension is a common disease among adults. It is a global health condition that requires drugs and lifestyle changes for its management and control. Despite this, the rate of hypertension related deaths has been increasing in prevalence across the world. The purpose of this paper is to determine the association between medication adherence and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients in Family Medicine Clinic, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in Family Medicine Clinic, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Systematic sampling method was used to select 400 participants. A structured questionnaire namely Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-4 was adapted and used for data collection in this study. Bivariate analysis was done using Chi square test and odd ratio.Results: A total of 400 (118 males and 282 females) adult hypertensive patients participated in this study. Majority of the participants had poor adherence to medication treatment 71.2% (n=285), whereas the remaining ones 28.8% (n=115) had good adherence. Similarly, most of the participants, 77.2% (n=309) had poor blood pressure control while the remainder 22.8% (n=91) experienced the opposite. The bivariate analysis showed that good medication adherence was significantly associated with good blood pressure control.Conclusions: Medication adherence was low especially among those with poor blood pressure control. This link was statistically significant therefore doctor-patient interaction with emphasis on medication adherence is advocated.
Hemodialysis duration and underweight as a risk factors of renal osteodystrophy (chronic kidney disease - mineral bone disorder) on regular hemodialysis patient
Authors: Andika Gde Dedy , Kawiyana I. Ketut Siki , Wiratnaya I. Gede Eka , Kandarini Yenny
Published: March 2021

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related to systemic disorders affecting multiple organs, including the bone, known as osteoporosis or renal osteodystrophy. Long duration of hemodialysis and underweight based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) is thought to be risk factors for renal osteodystrophy. This study aims to determine the risk factors in the form of hemodialysis duration and underweight in the incidence of renal osteodystrophy in patients with CKD stage 5.Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with case and control group involving 26 patients. In each group, anamnesis, anthropometric examination and bone mass density (BMD) examination with DEXA were performed. Analysis using Chi-squared test, and an odds ratio (OR) calculation were performed to determine the effect of hemodialysis duration and underweight as risk factors for renal osteodystrophy in CKD patientsResults: There is a significant difference in the duration of hemodialysis (p=0.047, 95% CI=0.97-29.39) and underweight (p=0.011, 95% CI=1.39-141.49) between the CKD patient group. In addition, it was also found that the duration of HD (OR=5.33) and underweight (OR=14) were significant risk factors for renal osteodystrophy in CKD patients.Conclusions: There is significant differences in the duration of hemodialysis and underweight between CKD patients with renal osteodystrophy and without renal osteodystrophy. Hemodialysis duration and underweight are also a significant risk factors for renal osteodystrophy in patients with CKD.
Clinical profile of malignancies of groin region in our area: a combined retrospective and prospective study
Authors: Bashir Arshad , Rather Shabir Hussain , Bhat Showket Ali , Nabi Naveed , Zaman Muzzafar
Published: March 2021

Background: This study involved various malignancies affecting the groin area in all age group of patients and both genders. The aim of the study was to study the various types of malignancies affecting groin, viz. primary or metastatic, and to project their clinical profile.Methods: In this observational study, a total of 145 patients of groin malignancies were studied in department of General and Minimal Invasive Surgery and allied specialties in a tertiary care hospital. The study was retrospective from January 2005 to April 2012 and prospective from May 2012 till 2014. Results: Out of the total of 145 cases almost 95% were metastatic in the groin and primary groin cancers constituted only 4.9% of the cases. Out of 138 tumors that were metastatic in the groin 108 were squamous cell carcinomas followed by malignant melanoma in 28 cases. Most common predisposing factor for development of groin malignancy was use of kangri in our area.Conclusions: Most of the groin malignancies are metastatic to groin and primary cancers at groin are very rare. Kangri use in our part of the world, is the most important predisposing factor leading to squamous cell carcinoma. The management protocol followed in order to treat groin malignancy is surgery of the primary lesion and block dissection of groin.
Blood urea nitrogen as an early predictor of severity in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Shah Syed Mushtaq A. , Andrabi Syed Aadil S. , Quraishi Azhar-un-Nisa , Kumar Ravi , Khan Tahir S. , Shah Aadil P. , Bhat Bilal A. , Wani Tajdin , Wani Yaser H. , Bashir Younis , Lone Bilal A.
Published: March 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis presents as acute abdominal pain and is usually associated with raised pancreatic enzyme levels in the blood or urine. Aims and objectives of the study was to evaluate the role of serial BUN measurement as an early prognostic marker of acute pancreatitis.Methods: From each patient detailed history was taken, general and systemic examination were done and relevant investigations were conducted. BUN was repeated after 24 hours and the change in the level of BUN was noted. Imaging in the form of CT after 72 hours of admission were performed in each patient. The severity of acute pancreatitis was gauged by modified CTSI and the same was compared to the change in BUN values over first 24 hours of admission.Results: Mean BUN values at ‘0’ hour in severe acute pancreatitis and non-severe acute pancreatitis were 31.91±6.79 and 15.44±5.95 mg/dl, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant with p value of <0.001. Similarly, the difference in BUN values at ‘24’ hours between the two groups was statistically significant. BUN value ≥23 mg/dl at ‘0’ hour was found to be the optimal cut off for determining the severity of pancreatitis with sensitivity of 91.3%. BUN ≥25 mg/dl at 24 hours was found to be the optimal cut-off for determining the severity of acute pancreatitis with sensitivity of 95.7%.Conclusions: BUN as a single marker for acute pancreatitis can be useful as it is easy to perform and cheap marker to predict severity without the need for complex calculations.
Post-operative wound infiltration with dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate as adjuvant to levobupivacaine for lumbar laminectomy: a prospective, double blinded, randomized controlled study
Authors: Bhatnagar Neelesh , Rathore Vikram S. , Jadeja Malavsinh , Chhabra Alka , Partani Seema , Singh Tarun
Published: March 2021

Background: Wound infiltration with local anaesthetic is safe and effective technique for providing postoperative analgesia following lumbar laminectomy. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of local wound infiltration on postoperative analgesia with levobupivacaine, levobupivacaine plus magnesium sulphate and levobupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine in patient undergoing lumbar laminectomy.Methods: Ninety adult patients were randomly allocated into three groups. After the completion of lumbar laminectomy, the drug was locally infiltrated into the paravertebral muscles on either side. Group L received 10 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 10 ml normal saline, group LM received 10 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 500 mg magnesium sulphate (1 ml) plus 9 ml normal saline, group LD received 10 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 50 µg dexmedetomidine (0.5 ml) plus 9.5 ml normal saline. Postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours, time to first rescue analgesic drug and its total dose, quality of recovery score (QoR) and side effects were noted.Results: Postoperative VAS was significantly higher in group L as compared to group LM and LD (p<0.05). The time to first rescue analgesic drug was significantly longer in group LD (11.07±7.20 hr) than group LM (6.20±2.64 hr) and group L (3.93±2.70 hr) (p<0.001). The QoR score was significantly better in group LD as compared to group LM and L postoperatively (<0.01).Conclusions: Addition of magnesium sulphate or dexmedetomidine to levobupivacaine for local wound infiltration demonstrated enhanced postoperative analgesia.
Efficacy of vaginal dilator use in preventing vaginal stenosis among cervical and endometrial cancer patients underwent radiotherapy
Authors: K. Varghese Mathew , C. Raphael Jomon , Febin Antony , Malini Mohan , Paul Gopu
Published: March 2021

Background: Vaginal dilators (VD) are effective in the prevention of vaginal stenosis in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for gynaecological malignancies. This study was aimed to assess the efficacy of VD use in preventing post radiotherapy vaginal stenosis in cervical and endometrial cancer patients.Methods: A cohort study was designed among patients (20-70 years) with biopsy proven endometrial and cervical carcinoma who underwent pelvic radiotherapy were included. Patients with cervical carcinoma (FIGO stage-IA to IVA), endometrial carcinoma (FIGO stage IB grade III, FIGO stage II), histology of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and performance score-ECOG 1 were included in the study. Assessment included clinical history, general examination, pelvic examination at 3 monthly intervals till 1 year. Grading of vaginal stenosis was assessed using LENT SOMA grading system.Results: A total of 42 patients with 20 patients using vaginal dilators and 22 patients who refused to use VD were assigned. It was effective for 60% of VD users compared to 20% of nonusers (p=0.007) at 9 months follow up. While at 12 months follow up, it was effective for 58% of VD users compared to 16.6% of nonusers (p=0.066). Percent adherence was maximum in the 1st and 2ndquarter and declined to 61% by the 4th quarter. The total adherence was 97%.Conclusions: There was 55% vs 22.7% effectiveness to prevent the vaginal stenosis among VD users.  All patients need proper counselling, motivation and support for regular usage of VD which will ultimately help in reducing the incidence of vaginal stenosis.
The comparative effects of oral famotidine and lansoprazole in prophylaxis of aspirin induced peptic ulcer in albino rat
Authors: Bhushan Rabi , Kumar Ratan , Chandra Akash , Singh Haribansh Kumar
Published: March 2021

Background: Peptic ulcer is defined as any break in the continuity of gastric or duodenal epithelial layer. There are mainly three factors which are responsible for peptic ulcer disease which are Helicobacter pylori infections, NSAIDs and stress. Famotidine is H2 receptor blocker and Lansoprazole is proton pump inhibitor which are used prophylactically in aspirin induced peptic ulcer.Methods: The experimental work was carried out on albino rat. Experiment was carried out with two ulcer protecting agents e.g-famotidine, lansoprazole and one ulcer producing agent Aspirin. Each ulcer protecting drug was used separately but simultaneously with aspirin to see their ulcer protecting efficacy. There was three groups of animals each consisting of ten albino rats. Ist group was control group which was given aspirin only.2nd group was given aspirin+famotidine, 3rd group was given aspirin+lansoprazole.Results: The prophylactically ulcer preventing activity was the most with lansoprazole and least with famotidine.Conclusions: Finally, all the two drugs like famotidine, lansoprazole prevented the ulcerogenic effects of Aspirin effectively, although not completely.
Cytology of Paediatric lesions: a tertiary care centre experience during COVID-19
Authors: Balakrishnan Padmapriya , Midhuna Bhatta , Lahari Pujari , Nandini Jampa , Uma Prasad , Atla Bhagyalakshmi
Published: March 2021

Background: Paediatric lesions are worrisome and need immediate attention with early diagnosis. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is safe, cost effective, minimally invasive method which helps in diagnosis and guides for treatment of various paediatric lesions.Methods: This was an observational study done during the pandemic of COVID-19 at department of pathology in Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam from March 2020 to October 2020 .The total number of cases were 91 who underwent fine needle aspiration (FNA) during this period. USG guided aspiration and fluids are also included in the study. Slides were fixed in 95% isopropyl alcohol and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. May Grunwald Giemsa stain, CBNAAT for acid fast bacilli and correlation with histopathology was done wherever required and results were tabulated.Results: In the present study the lesions were more common in female children (68.13%) and in the age group of 11-15 years (35.16%).Benign lesions (80.91%) were more common than malignant lesions. Majority of benign lesions were reactive lymphadenitis (32.5%) followed by tuberculous lymphadenitis (23.75%). The common malignant lesions were lymphoblastic and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST), Langerhans cell Histiocytosis and Ewing’s sarcoma.Conclusions: Extra pulmonary tuberculosis in children is highly variable in severity and rate of progression with long term sequelae. The spectrum of malignancies in children is variable and region based. FNAC helped in early diagnosis and management of these cases.
Incidence of depression among nurses in Kashmir valley
Authors: Yousuf Saleem , Dilawar Tabasum , Iliyas Ifshana
Published: March 2021

Background: In 2017, 197 million Indians were suffering from mental disorders, of whom 46 million had depression. In Kashmir, 41% have been identified as having probable depression. Depression is one of the most frequently diagnosed mental illness which is characterized by feelings of sadness, loss of energy, motivation, concentration, changes in appetite, changes in sleep, etc. Depression is known to impact work performance, their colleagues and potentially on the quality of care provided to patients. Nursing, a loyal profession, is considered as one of the most susceptible profession to depression. This study was conducted with the aim of finding the incidence of depression among Nurses.Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on 200 Nurses collected by using convenient sampling from different hospitals in Srinagar district of Kashmir Valley in order to assess the incidence of Depression among them. Depression was diagnosed by following Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) criteria and assessment was done on the bases of age, gender, marital status, family type and residence.Results: Majority of the Nurses were found to be females (68%), above 30 years (64%), belonged to nuclear family (69%), married (71%) and residing in rural areas (64%). As for as incidence of depression is concerned, 134 (67%) Nurses were found to be having symptoms of depression.Conclusions: Most of the Nurses were diagnosed with depression that has a negative impact on the patient care. Thus, there is a dire need for screening of the Nurses and thus early detection of affected one's.
Histopathological evaluation of ovarian tumours in southern part of Assam
Authors: Choudhury Madhusmita , Deka Monoj K. , Sheikh Shah A.
Published: March 2021

Background: Ovarian malignancy is the second most common cancer of the female reproductive system and the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy. With increase in longevity, the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer is increasing and its etiopathology remains unknown. A female’s risk at birth of having ovarian tumour sometime in her life is 6-7%. Two third of ovarian tumours occur in women of reproductive age group. The aim was to study the distribution of morphological pattern of benign, malignant, and nonneoplastic lesions of the ovary in different age groups and to determine the likelihood of bilateral involvement in different morphologic subtypes.Methods: A retrospective study from January 2018 to December 2020 was undertaken. A total of 210 surgical specimens were obtained. Detailed clinical information and radiological findings were recorded from the case sheets. Grossing of the surgical specimens was done in the pathology department, followed by histological examination.Results: Of 210 cases, benign cases were 140 (66.7%), malignant cases were 70 (33.3%). Surface epithelial tumors were most common (116/55.2%) followed by germ cell tumors (76, 36.1%) followed by others. Serous cystadenoma was commonest benign tumor (58, 41.4%). Serous adenocarinoma was commonest malignant tumor (19, 27.1%). Benign tumours were more common in the younger age group i.e. <40 years of age whereas malignant tumours were supervenes with increase in age. Most benign ovarian tumors (54, 38.6%) were seen between 31-40 years whereas most malignant tumors (24, 34.3%) were seen above 40 years. In 1st two decades, germ cell tumors were more common than other tumours.Conclusions: The prognosis and varying therapeutic strategies of ovarian tumours necessitate an accurate pathological evaluation. Histopathological study is still the gold standard in diagnosing most of these tumours.
Evaluation of prevalence, clinical presentation and risk factors of coronary slow flow phenomenon: a single-center study
Authors: Patil Shaileshkumar , Sarkar Achyut , Patil Manisha , Ahmed Imran , Pande Arindam
Published: March 2021

Background: The coronary slow flow phenomenon has been revealed to be associated with life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Currently, clinical features and risk factors of patients with the coronary slow flow phenomenon are incompletely understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, clinical presentation, risk factors and evidence of ischemia in patients with coronary slow flow.Methods: This observational study was conducted at a tertiary-care center in India between February 2013 and August 2014.  A total of 60 consecutive patients whose coronary angiogram revealed coronary slow flow were included in the study. According to the number of blood vessels involved, patients were divided into group-1 (29 patients with single-vessel disease), group-2 (22 patients with double-vessel disease), and group-3 (9 patients with triple-vessel disease). Clinical presentation and risk factors were compared among groups.Results: Prevalence of coronary slow flow was 2.97% with greater prevalence amongst male patients (p=0.030). Unstable angina was the most common presentation (p=0.030). Among the traditional risk factors, there was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking (p=0.036), family history of coronary artery disease (p=0.049) and dyslipidemia (p=0.045) in group-3 patients compared to other groups. Among all groups, triglycerides (p=0.020), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.046), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (p=0.007) levels, homocysteine (p=0.481), and patterns of ECG abnormalities were significantly different between the three groups. In addition, mean frame counts with coronary slow flow phenomenon in left anterior descending artery (p<0.001), left circumflex artery (p<0.001) and right coronary artery (p=0.005) increased significantly with increase in number of vessels involved.Conclusions: Coronary slow flow was relatively common among patients who presented with unstable angina. Male sex, smoking, and dyslipidemia can be considered as independent risk factors for this phenomenon.
Histopathological study of nasal masses, a one year retrospective study in a tertiary care centre of Assam
Authors: Alam Nurul , Ahmed S. K. Abdullah , Deka Monoj K. , Sheikh Shah Alam
Published: March 2021

Background: Prolapsed lining of the nasal sinuses are defined as nasal polyp. Diseases of the nasal cavity include viral, bacterial and fungal infections, nasal cavity tumors (benign and malignant) as well as inflammations of the nasal mucosa. This study was undertaken to note the various histopathological patterns of nasal masses, their classification and relative distribution of various lesions with regard to age and sex in our setting.Methods: The study is done for a period of 1 year (July 2018 to June 2019). In this study, 30 patients are selected who presented in our hospital with nasal masses and having multiple types of clinical presentations.Results: Total 30 cases presented as nasal mass. Overall male to female ratio was 2.3:1. Nonneoplastic nasal masses formed the largest group of lesions; 24 cases (80%), followed by 6 cases (20%) of neoplastic nasal masses. Inflammatory polyp was the commonest non neoplastic lesion constituting 22 cases followed by rhinosporidiosis with 2 cases. Out of the 6 neoplastic nasal masses, 5 were benign and 1 was malignant. Out of the benign neoplastic masses, inverted papilloma constituted 3 cases and nasopharyngeal angiofibroma constituted 2 cases. Malignant neoplastic mass was embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.Conclusions: Nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea are the most common symptoms of presentation. Simple inflammatory nasal polyps are the most common histological pattern seen in our environment, and surgery is the best modality of treatment.
Critical analysis of disaster management plan in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gupta Ravi Kumar , Mehra Aditi , Shamdasani Sonali
Published: March 2021

Background: Disaster in hospital is when the resources of the hospitals (infrastructure, trained manpower and organization) are over-whelmed beyond its normal capacity and additional contingency measures are required to control the event. The calculation of hospital treatment capacity provides a baseline for Hospital Administration to plan accordingly. Critical anaylsis of the disaster management strategies as per the hospital emergency response checklist – an all hazards tool for hospital administrators and emergency managers helps in identifying the gaps and strengthening the disaster management plan.Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of the response of a tertiary care hospital vis a vis hospital emergency response checklist.Results: The disaster preparedness was analyzed according to the hospital emergency response checklist and gaps were identified.Conclusions: The need for a comprehensive and easily deployable disaster management plan cannot be emphasized enough. The tools of continuous quality improvement can be used and analysis may be used to further strengthen the plan.
Colposcopic and microbiological correlation in patients with vaginal infections: a prospective study
Authors: Sharma Reena , Mohi Manjit Kaur , Kaur Khush Preet , Walia Geeta
Published: March 2021

Background: Objective of the study was to evaluate the association of abnormal vaginal flora with pathological colposcopic and microbiological findings.Methods: The present study was conducted in outpatient’s department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Patiala. We studied 300 cases with symptoms and signs of vaginal infections in reproductive age group (15-49 years). After taking detailed history and examination, samples of vaginal discharge were collected for microbiological analysis and patients were subjected to colposcopy. Recorded data was analysed to find out any association of abnormal vaginal flora with pathological colposcopic and microbiological analysis.Results: The prevalence rate of vaginal infections was 31% among patients who reported to us with symptoms and signs of vaginal infections. The most common micro-organism detected was B. vaginosis (BV) in 14%, C. albicans (C) in 12% and T. vaginalis (T) in 3.33%. The normal colposcopic findings were observed in 81.33% and abnormal colposcopic findings were noted in 18.67% of the patients which were vaginal hyperaemia in 9%, chronic cervicitis in 5.33%, small iodine negative area in 2.33%, keratosis in 1.33% and cervical polyp in 0.67% of the patients.Conclusions: We concluded that vaginal discharge is a common gynaecological complaint and vaginal infections are an important cause of the vaginal discharge thus leading to significant proportion of female morbidity in reproductive age group. So, vaginitis and vaginal discharge highlights the importance of microbiological investigations to find out the causative organisms and the specific findings due to particular micro-organism can be correlated colposcopically and specific treatment can be provided.
Water and sanitation hygiene practices among household members living in urban slum in Gwalior city: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sarswat Swati , Saraswat Satender
Published: March 2021

Background: Population inhabit in urban slum of developing countries face sanitation, water supply and cleanliness related issues. We contemplated knowledge, attitudes and practices identified with drinking water and sanitation offices among urban slum populace of Gwalior city, Madhya Pradesh, India.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study comprising of individuals over 18 years of age residing at Muriya Pahar and Awadpura, Urban Slum, Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) from September 2019 to December 2019. Total 120 individuals were interviewed using simple random sampling technique. Basic information about socio-demographic profile and existing drinking water and sanitation related knowledge, attitude, and practices was collected using a modified version of previously validated questionnaire and analysed.Results: Thirty five percent (35%) of the participants were following bleach/chlorine methods of water treatment while twenty five percent (25%) of the participants felt that water available to them was clean and did not require any additional treatment. Forty percent (40%) of the participants surveyed, did not have access to toilets inside their households.Conclusions: There is a requirement for mediation to instruct people about drinking water treatment techniques, sanitation, and hand washing rehearses.
Streptococcus anginosus bacteremia: a septic IVC thrombus and a large empyema requiring decortication
Authors: Shaikh Niaz A. , Alshamsi Ayesha H. , Alattar Khalid O. , Mobushar Jehangir A. , Pradeep Ranjana , AlQasmi Asma , Mustafa Naima , Sabri Hebah M.
Published: March 2021

A previously healthy 39 year old male presented with complaints of cough, fever, abdominal pain and chills. The patient was found to be in active sepsis with hypotension on presentation so was resuscitated while a full septic work-up was ordered. Initial chest X-ray showed only increased broncho-alveolar markings and no consolidations, but blood cultures eventually revealed Streptococcus anginosus bacteremia. Intravenous antibiotics were started and infective endocarditis was ruled out. Computerized tomography scan of the abdomen with contrast revealed findings suggestive of a septic hepatic inferior vena cava thrombus and right lower lung findings suggestive of septic embolization and an empyema. Later on during admission, CT scan of the chest with contrast revealed a moderate-sized empyema of the right lung which eventually required decortication. Discovering such findings concurrently in a single patient is extremely rare, particularly an embolizing septic IVC thrombus with confirmed bacteremia. For this reason it is described in the following case presentation
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: an unusual presentation
Authors: Sandal Shivali , Kumar Surender
Published: March 2021

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex immunologic pulmonary disorder caused by hypersensitivity to fungus, Aspergillus fumigates. It clinically manifests with non-specific respiratory and systemic symptoms. ABPA is typically seen in patients with long-standing asthma or cystic fibrosis. Pleural involvement in ABPA is uncommon and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is very rare. Herein, we report a case of 33 years old male patient presented with dyspnoea, low grade fever and productive cough. High Resolution Computed tomography (HRCT) scan of thorax was suggestive of ABPA with secondary pneumothorax.
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the colon: a rare diagnosis
Authors: Chundru Swaroopa , Nandennavar Manjunath , Karpurmath Shashidhar V. , Angadi Veerendra
Published: March 2021

Report of a rare colon tumor treated successfully using conventional chemotherapy regimen.
Vestibular neuronitis of idiopathi origin: a case report
Authors: Kola Savitha , Janga Akhila , Allam Kartheek
Published: March 2021

Vestibular Neuronitis is a neuronal condition characterized by spontaneous and unilateral vestibular loss suddenly with preserved hearing and no signs of brain stem dysfunction. According to large population studies, it is the sixth cause of vertigo with an incidence of 8%. Here is the case report of VN which was observed in a super speciality hospital. A 42 years old male patient was admitted in a private super speciality hospital with the chief complaints of history of vomiting 4 episodes, neck pain, mild headache and gaint imbalance since 5 days. Complete analysis of diagnostic reports was done and appropriate treatment given. This case emphasizes the importance of periodic evaluation and reporting of vestibular neuritis cases accumulating clinical knowledge. In this particular type of cases it is difficult to identify the etiology and pathophysiology, hence it is vitally important to conduct such studies.
A prospective observational study on thyroid malignancy
Authors: V. Bharath S. , Lakshminarayana Badareesh , Mehta Rishabh
Published: March 2021

Background: Thyroid cancers are a complex group of tumours with wide variety of histological presentation and biological behaviour, and prognosis range. In their early stages, they behave like other benign conditions of the thyroid. The success of treatment lies upon early diagnosis and proper management. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the modes of presentation, the incidence of various pathological types, and assess their clinical, behaviour and surgical management.Methods: The present study is observational, time-bound, consists of patients prospectively and consecutively diagnosed and histologically confirmed thyroid malignancy.Results: This study showed females 80.66% are commonly affected than males 19.44%. The most frequent malignancy is papillary 86.11%, followed by follicular carcinoma 11.11%, medullary carcinoma 2.78%. Cervical lymph nodes are involved in four 13.88% of patients. In patients undergone iodine ablation, 5.56% of them had a recurrence. Mortality at two years was 2.7%. In this study, Thyroid cancer is commonly seen between twenty-one to thirty years.Conclusions: The incidence of thyroid malignancies is more common among women (80.66%) than men. Papillary carcinoma (86.11%) is the common differentiated thyroid cancer. The prevalence of distant metastasis is 2.78% to the vertebral body. In our study, 41.66% of patients belongs to less than 30 years of age; this may be due to the trend of overdiagnosis due to the introduction of ultrasonography guided Fine needle aspiration study.
Intraoperative strategies to overcome difficulties in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for chronic calculous cholecystitis
Authors: Singh Mohinder , Goel Dipesh
Published: March 2021

Background: Surgery in chronic cholecystitis is very challenging because of inability to hold the gall bladder, dense adhesions, frozen Calot’s triangle and difficulty in applying clips. Precise and meticulous dissection is required to establish critical view of safety. There is no consensus among surgeons about appropriate intraoperative steps in difficult gall bladder (GB) surgery. The authors aim to present various intraoperative difficulties and strategies to overcome them.  Methods: A prospective study of 81 patients of chronic cholecystitis was done in our institution. They were divided in two groups. Group A in which surgery could be done easily. Group B in which surgery was difficult and different intraoperative strategies were applied to overcome them. Results: Total 42 patients were included in group A and 39 patients in group B. Various difficulties encountered while performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in group B were adhesions (53.8 %), inability to grasp the fundus of GB (15.3%), frozen Calot’s triangle (15.3%), inability to grasp the Hartmann’s pouch (12.8%) and cystic duct edema (2.5%).  Conclusions: Intraoperative technique of identification of Rouviere′s sulcus first, followed by high peritoneal incision on the GB body. Subsequently blunt dissection of Calot’s triangle using gauze piece and hydro dissection by suction irrigation canula ventral to the sulcus. It created a retro gall bladder tunnel safely. It established the critical view of safety in all our cases.