bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic and prognostic value of the D-dimer test in emergency department patients: secondary analysis of an observational study
Authors: Vögeli Alaadin , Ghasemi Mohammad , Gregoriano Claudia , Hammerer Angelika , Haubitz Sebastian , Koch Daniel , Kutz Alexander , Mueller Beat , Schuetz Philipp
Published: July 2019

Background

D-dimer measurement improves the rule-out of thromboembolic disease. However, little is known about the risk of false positive results for the diagnosis of thromboembolic disease and its prognostic value. Herein, we investigated factors influencing the accuracy of D-dimer and its prognostic value in a large cohort of emergency department (ED) patients.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of a prospective observational single center, cohort study. Consecutive patients, for whom a D-dimer test was requested by the treating physician, were included. Associations of clinical parameters on admission with false positive D-dimer results for the diagnosis of thromboembolic disease were investigated with logistic regression analysis.

Results

A total of 3301 patients were included, of which 203 (6.1%) had confirmed thromboembolic disease. The negative and positive predictive values of the D-dimer test at the 0.5 mg/L cut-off were 99.9% and 11.4%, respectively. Several factors were associated with positive D-dimer results potentially falsely indicating thromboembolic disease in multivariate analysis including advanced age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.05, p < 0.001), congestive heart failure (CHF) (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.77–4.4, p < 0.01), renal failure (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.23–3.24, p = 0.005), history of malignancy (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.57–4.31, p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.02, p < 0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.99–1.00, p = 0.003). Regarding its prognostic value, D-dimer was associated with a 30-day mortality (adjusted OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.09, p = 0.003) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79.

Conclusions

While D-dimer allows an accurate rule-out of thromboembolic disease, its positive predictive value in routine ED patients is limited and largely influenced by age, comorbidities and acute disease factors. The strong prognostic value of D-dimer in this population warrants further investigation.
A review on traditional practice of tooth brushing in Ayurveda and its relevance in current era
Authors: Devi Durgawati , Srivastava Rajeev Kumar
Published: July 2019

Ayurveda recommends sound and healthy life. It basically focuses on prevention rather than treatment. It includes a systematic lifestyle pattern which is composed of several principles and activities. Dinacharya (Daily routine) is one of the important principles. It includes various activities started from just before sunrise. All these activities are necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis of the body. Tooth brushing is one of the essential routines of Ayurveda daily practices. Traditionally it has been advocated with a soft twig of medicinal plants with or without herbal tooth powder. There are so many medicinal plants have been described in this context. Contradictory plants have also been described. Oral hygiene products are so much advanced and globalized nowadays. There are so many types of toothbrushes; dentifrices, dental floss, tongue scrapers, mouthwashes, oral irrigators, etc. are available along with specifications. Contemporary oral hygiene products esp. dentifrices are chemically rich and have their own side effects. No doubt these products have their own advantages like easy availability and adjustability according to current lifestyle. But their safety is questionable on long-term use. Herbal products have additional benefits over it that those are natural and easily adjustable and acceptable with body physiology.
Performance Analysis of Diesel Cycle under Efficient Power Density Condition with Variable Specific Heat of Working Fluid
Authors: Raman Roshan , Kumar Naveen
Published: July 2019

A novel realistic Work Criteria Function (WCF) approach has been used to analyze the ideal air-standard Diesel cycle. The WCF formulation gives rise to a new performance criterion which is termed as efficient power density (EPD). Thermodynamic analysis under maximum efficient power density (MEPD) conditions has been performed and compared with other available performance criteria using variable specific heats of the working fluid. The results obtained from this analysis prove that the engine designed under MEPD conditions is very efficient and the size of the engine is reduced significantly compared to those designed under maximum efficient power (MEP), maximum power density (MPD), and maximum power (MP) criteria. Harmful emissions like

NO

x

{\mathrm{NO}_{\mathrm{x}}}

may decrease considerably at higher values of the maximum cycle temperature ratio (ξ). The effect of variable specific heats of operational fluid on the actual cycle’s performance has a significant impact on engine performance and should be incorporated when evaluating practical cycle engines. The results obtained in the current study have scientific importance and could be an essential guide for the design of real Diesel engines by engine manufacturers.
Optical Scheme of Obtaining Highest Transmission Factor in Case of KDP Based Electro-Optic Crystal by the Adjustment of Suitable Biasing Voltage and Number of Feedback Passing
Authors: Lakshan S. , Saha D. , Mukhopadhyay S.
Published: July 2019

The electro-optic effect becomes prominent when an electric field is applied across the optic axis of a dielectric material inducing the changes in refractive indices of the medium. Kerr and Pockels cells are massively used as optical switches because of their nonlinear electro-optic character. Potassium di-hydrogen Phosphate (KDP) crystal is a very good electro-optic Pockels material as well as has a good switching behavior in optical and opto-electronic domain. The principle of this electro optic effect can be successfully used to develop optical switch based information processing devices. Transmission co-efficient of the polarized light beam have been modulated in a new way by introducing a multi passing scheme across a electro-optic material. Here transmission co-efficient plays a vital role to examine how much output intensity changes for developing feedback one by one in ascending order. In this paper a novel study for the sizable increase of transmission co-efficient of a KDP crystal for a fixed biasing voltage is reported adopting proper feedback mechanism of light. This paper we also observe an theoretical basis for achieving unit transmission coefficient which minimum amount of voltage require for adopting comparatively many large number of feedback.
Performance Analysis of a STBC FDM FSO Communication System with Direct Detection Receiver under Turbulent Condition
Authors: Barua Bobby , Majumder S. P.
Published: July 2019

Weather conditions are severely degraded the performance of FSO communication link. Atmospheric turbulence is one of the important weather conditions that degrade the performance even under clear sky condition. In this paper, we provide a noble analytical approach to evaluate the performance of STBC coded FDM FSO communication system with direct detection optical receiver under turbulent condition. Analysis is carried out to find the channel capacity of RF subcarrier modulation taking into consideration the effect of strong atmospheric turbulence which is modeled as gamma-gamma distribution and the probability density function of the conditional CNR, conditioned on a given turbulence-induced fading is derived considering equal gain receive diversity combining technique with direct detection optical receiver followed by RF synchronous demodulation. Results are evaluated numerically in terms of average CNR, BER and channel capacity for several system parameters like turbulence variance, link distance, data rate, etc.
Mediating Structures: Their Organization in Civil Society
Authors: Harris Margaret , Milofsky Carl
Published: July 2019

This paper explores a counter-weight to anti-democratic trends suggested by civil society theory: mediating structures (also known as ‘intermediate’ or ‘intermediary’ organizations). We look briefly at the range of ways in which the concept has been used in social science and then focus on literature which employs the concept specifically in the context of debates about sustainable democracy We discern from the theoretical literature four distinct functions said to be performed in democracies by mediating structures and we offer case examples of organizations which perform those functions in the contemporary real world. We conclude by providing pointers to how mediating structures might be identified, supported and sustained in the face of anti-democratic trends today.
Knee and Hip Isometric Force Steadiness Are Impaired in Women With Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Ferreira Amanda S. , de Oliveira Silva Danilo , Ferrari Deisi , Magalhães Fernando H. , Pappas Evangelos , Briani Ronaldo V. , Pazzinatto Marcella F. , de Azevedo Fábio M.
Published: July 2019

Ferreira, AS, de Oliveira Silva, D, Ferrari, D, Magalhães, FH, Pappas, E, Briani, RV, Pazzinatto, MF, and de Azevedo, FM. Knee and hip isometric force steadiness are impaired in women with patellofemoral pain. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2878–2885, 2021—The purposes were as follows: to compare knee extension and hip abduction force steadiness and maximal strength between women with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free women; and to investigate whether maximal strength, self-reported pain during force-matching tasks, self-reported knee function, symptoms duration, and physical activity level are associated with knee extension and hip abduction force steadiness. Thirty women with PFP and 30 pain-free women were recruited. Knee extension and hip abduction maximal voluntary isometric contractions and submaximal isometric force-matching tasks were evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer. Subjects were asked to match a target force corresponding to 10% of their maximal isometric voluntary contraction while force steadiness was computed as the coefficient of variation (CV) of the exerted force. Women with PFP had significant 36% lower knee extension and 33% lower hip abduction peak strength. They also had significant 70% lower knee extension force steadiness and 60% lower hip abduction force steadiness (i.e., higher CV) than pain-free women. Self-reported pain and self-reported knee function were significantly associated (r = 0.61, p < 0.001; r = −0.35, p = 0.05) and able to predict 41% of the variance of knee extensor force steadiness. Hip abductor maximum strength was significantly associated (r = −0.57; p = 0.001) and able to predict 32% of the variance of hip abductor force steadiness. These findings indicate that muscle impairments in PFP go beyond only low knee and hip muscle strength because women with PFP also present deficits in knee extension and hip abduction force steadiness. Evidence-based treatments aiming at improving force steadiness may be a promising addition to PFP rehabilitation programs.
Is Ischemic Preconditioning Intervention Occlusion-Dependent to Enhance Resistance Exercise Performance?
Authors: de Souza Hiago L. R. , Arriel Rhaí A. , Hohl Rodrigo , da Mota Gustavo R. , Marocolo Moacir
Published: July 2019

de Souza, HLR, Arriel, RA, Hohl, R, da Mota, GR, and Marocolo, M. Is ischemic preconditioning intervention occlusion-dependent to enhance resistance exercise performance? J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2706–2712, 2021—Ischemic preconditioning is a rising technique with potential to improve performance. Currently, its effects are still controversial, and a placebo effect seems to have a role. In this sense, this study evaluated the effect of high-pressure (HP) and low-pressure (LP) cuffing on resistance exercise performance during repeated 5-day intervention. Twenty healthy trained men (24.0 ± 4.4 years; 80.1 ± 12.2 kg; and 176.9 ± 6.6 cm) performed a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test before interventions. Maximal isometric force test, number of repetitions (75% 1RM), total workload (sets × reps × load), fatigue index (FI) ([set 1 − set 3]/set 1 × 100), and perceived scales were assessed during knee extension preceded by HP (3 × 5-minute unilateral leg occlusion at 50 mm Hg above systolic blood pressure), LP (3 × 5-minute unilateral leg occlusion at 20 mm Hg), or control ([CON] 30-minute resting). The main effect of cuff intervention was significant for total workload (F(1,16) = 4.2, p = 0.03) after adjusting for baseline (analysis of covariance). Adjusted means (confidence interval) and effect sizes (ES) indicate that HP (1778 kg [1,613–1944]; ES: 0.29) and LP (1761 kg [1,590–1932]; ES: 0.34) significantly increased total workload compared with CON (1,452 kg [1,262–1,643]; ES: 0.17). Finally, isometric force and FI were similar for all conditions (HP, LP, and CON) with no difference from baseline performance. In conclusion, the short-term (5-day) intervention of HP and LP cuffing increases the total workload. This effect in muscle endurance performance is nondependent of blood flow occlusion, since LP is not able to obstruct arterial blood flow. A likely motivational effect cannot be ruled out.
Resistance Training for Older Adults: Position Statement From the National Strength and Conditioning Association
Authors: Fragala Maren S. , Cadore Eduardo L. , Dorgo Sandor , Izquierdo Mikel , Kraemer William J. , Peterson Mark D. , Ryan Eric D.
Published: July 2019

Fragala, MS, Cadore, EL, Dorgo, S, Izquierdo, M, Kraemer, WJ, Peterson, MD, and Ryan, ED. Resistance training for older adults: position statement from the national strength and conditioning association.J Strength Cond ResXX(X): 000–000, 2019—Aging, even in the absence of chronic disease, is associated with a variety of biological changes that can contribute to decreases in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function. Such losses decrease physiologic resilience and increase vulnerability to catastrophic events. As such, strategies for both prevention and treatment are necessary for the health and well-being of older adults. The purpose of this Position Statement is to provide an overview of the current and relevant literature and provide evidence-based recommendations for resistance training for older adults. As presented in this Position Statement, current research has demonstrated that countering muscle disuse through resistance training is a powerful intervention to combat the loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, physiological vulnerability, and their debilitating consequences on physical functioning, mobility, independence, chronic disease management, psychological well-being, quality of life, and healthy life expectancy. This Position Statement provides evidence to support recommendations for successful resistance training in older adults related to 4 parts: (a) program design variables, (b) physiological adaptations, (c) functional benefits, and (d) considerations for frailty, sarcopenia, and other chronic conditions. The goal of this Position Statement is to a) help foster a more unified and holistic approach to resistance training for older adults, b) promote the health and functional benefits of resistance training for older adults, and c) prevent or minimize fears and other barriers to implementation of resistance training programs for older adults.
A Genome-Wide Association Study of Sprint Performance in Elite Youth Football Players
Authors: Pickering Craig , Suraci Bruce , Semenova Ekaterina A. , Boulygina Eugenia A. , Kostryukova Elena S. , Kulemin Nickolay A. , Borisov Oleg V. , Khabibova Sofya A. , Larin Andrey K. , Pavlenko Alexander V. , Lyubaeva Ekaterina V. , Popov Daniil V. , Lysenko Evgeny A. , Vepkhvadze Tatiana F. , Lednev Egor M. , Leońska-Duniec Agata , Pająk Beata , Chycki Jakub , Moska Waldemar , Lulińska-Kuklik Ewelina , Dornowski Marcin , Maszczyk Adam , Bradley Ben , Kana-ah Adam , Cięszczyk Pawel , Generozov Edward V. , Ahmetov Ildus I.
Published: July 2019

Pickering, C, Suraci, B, Semenova, EA, Boulygina, EA, Kostryukova, ES, Kulemin, NA, Borisov, OV, Khabibova, SA, Larin, AK, Pavlenko, AV, Lyubaeva, EV, Popov, DV, Lysenko, EA, Vepkhvadze, TF, Lednev, EM, Leońska-Duniec, A, Pająk, B, Chycki, J, Moska, W, Lulińska-Kuklik, E, Dornowski, M, Maszczyk, A, Bradley, B, Kana-ah, A, Cięszczyk, P, Generozov, EV, and Ahmetov, II. A genome-wide association study of sprint performance in elite youth football players. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2344–2351, 2019—Sprint speed is an important component of football performance, with teams often placing a high value on sprint and acceleration ability. The aim of this study was to undertake the first genome-wide association study to identify genetic variants associated with sprint test performance in elite youth football players and to further validate the obtained results in additional studies. Using micro-array data (600 K–1.14 M single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) of 1,206 subjects, we identified 12 SNPs with suggestive significance after passing replication criteria. The polymorphism rs55743914 located in the PTPRK gene was found as the most significant for 5-m sprint test (p = 7.7 × 10−7). Seven of the discovered SNPs were also associated with sprint test performance in a cohort of 126 Polish women, and 4 were associated with power athlete status in a cohort of 399 elite Russian athletes. Six SNPs were associated with muscle fiber type in a cohort of 96 Russian subjects. We also examined genotype distributions and possible associations for 16 SNPs previously linked with sprint performance. Four SNPs (AGT rs699, HSD17B14 rs7247312, IGF2 rs680, and IL6 rs1800795) were associated with sprint test performance in this cohort. In addition, the G alleles of 2 SNPs in ADRB2 (rs1042713 & rs1042714) were significantly over-represented in these players compared with British and European controls. These results suggest that there is a genetic influence on sprint test performance in footballers, and identifies some of the genetic variants that help explain this influence.
Physiological Responses During Female Judo Combats: Impact of Combat Area Size and Effort to Pause Ratio Variations
Authors: Ouergui Ibrahim , Kamzi Sana , Houcine Nizar , Abedelmalek Salma , Bouassida Anissa , Bouhlel Ezdine , Franchini Emerson
Published: July 2019

Ouergui, I, Kamzi, S, Houcine, N, Abedelmalek, S, Bouassida, A, Bouhlel, E, and Franchini, E. Physiological responses during female judo combats: impact of combat area size and effort to pause ratio variations. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1987–1991, 2021—This study investigated the effect of area size (4 × 4, 6 × 6, and 8 × 8 m) and effort-pause ratio (free combat, 2:1 and 3:1) on the physiological and perceptive responses during female judo combats. Twelve female judo athletes (mean ± SD: age: 17.1 ± 0.4 years; height: 160 ± 7 cm; body mass: 59.8 ± 11.5 kg; body fat: 25.7 ± 5.5%; and judo experience: 8.4 ± 0.5 years) volunteered to perform nine 4-minute randoris randomly determined. Blood lactate [La] before and after combats, heart rate before combat (HRpre), mean HR (HRmean), peak HR (HRpeak), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) immediately after the combats were assessed for each condition. Results showed that [La] pre and HR values did not differ according to time structure and area sizes (p > 0.05). However, [La] post was higher on free randori compared with 3:1 ratio (p = 0.006) and in the 4 × 4-m area compared with 6 × 6-m (p < 0.001) and 8 × 8-m (p = 0.036) areas. Moreover, RPE was higher in the 4 × 4 m compared with 8 × 8 m (p = 0.038). In conclusion, combining time structure and area sizes may alter physiological and perceptual responses during female judo randori. Moreover, combat-based exercises may be effective in preparing athletes to cope with physiological and technical demands of the combat by stressing properly the energy systems solicited during official competitions.
Prenatal caffeine exposure induces liver developmental dysfunction in offspring rats
Authors: He Bo , Wen Yinxian , Hu Shuwei , Wang Guihua , Hu Wen , Magdalou Jacques , Chen Liaobin , Wang Hui
Published: July 2019

We previously showed that prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) induces intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and high susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in offspring rats, and the underlying mechanisms are associated with fetal overexposure to maternal glucocorticoids. Herein, we aimed to verify whether PCE disrupts liver development before and after birth and explore its possible programming mechanism. In vivo, reduced fetal weights and increased IUGR rates were accompanied by fetal liver developmental dysfunction in PCE rats. Increased fetal serum corticosterone and decreased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels were observed. Both male and female fetal livers exhibited increased glucocorticoid function-related gene (Gr/C/ebpα) expression and inhibited IGF1 signaling pathway (Igf1/Igf1r/Akt2) expression. At PW6, the levels of serum corticosterone and glucocorticoid function-related genes in PCE offspring livers were decreased, while serum IGF1 and liver IGF1 signaling pathway expression were increased, accompanied by obvious catch-up growth and enhanced liver function. Furthermore, in PCE adult offspring under chronic stress, serum corticosterone and liver Gr/C/ebpα expression levels were elevated, while the serum IGF1 and liver IGF1 signaling pathway levels were decreased. In vitro, cortisol (not caffeine) upregulated GR and C/EBPα expression and downregulated IGF1R expression. The IGF1R expression downregulated by cortisol was partially reversed by GR or C/EBPα knockdown. In conclusion, PCE-induced liver developmental dysfunction in fetal rats and catch-up growth in IUGR offspring. The mechanisms may be closely associated with GR/C/EBPα upregulation and IGF1/IGF1R signaling pathway downregulation in the fetal liver, caused by intrauterine programming of the liver glucocorticoid–IGF1 axis induced by glucocorticoid overexposure.
Transcriptome-Wide Association Supplements Genome-Wide Association in Zea mays
Authors: Kremling Karl A G , Diepenbrock Christine H , Gore Michael A , Buckler Edward S , Bandillo Nonoy B
Published: July 2019

Modern improvement of complex traits in agricultural species relies on successful associations of heritable molecular variation with observable phenotypes. Historically, this pursuit has primarily been based on easily measurable genetic markers. The recent advent of new technologies allows assaying and quantifying biological intermediates (hereafter endophenotypes) which are now readily measurable at a large scale across diverse individuals. The usefulness of endophenotypes for delineating the regulatory landscape of the genome and genetic dissection of complex trait variation remains underexplored in plants. The work presented here illustrated the utility of a large-scale (299-genotype and seven-tissue) gene expression resource to dissect traits across multiple levels of biological organization. Using single-tissue- and multi-tissue-based transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS), we revealed that about half of the functional variation acts through altered transcript abundance for maize kernel traits, including 30 grain carotenoid abundance traits, 20 grain tocochromanol abundance traits, and 22 field-measured agronomic traits. Comparing the efficacy of TWAS with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and an ensemble approach that combines both GWAS and TWAS, we demonstrated that results of TWAS in combination with GWAS increase the power to detect known genes and aid in prioritizing likely causal genes. Using a variance partitioning approach in the largely independent maize Nested Association Mapping (NAM) population, we also showed that the most strongly associated genes identified by combining GWAS and TWAS explain more heritable variance for a majority of traits than the heritability captured by the random genes and the genes identified by GWAS or TWAS alone. This not only improves the ability to link genes to phenotypes, but also highlights the phenotypic consequences of regulatory variation in plants.
Asociación entre embarazo adolescente e hiperbilirrubinemia y bajo peso al nacer: cohorte retrospectiva en un hospital en Perú, 2015-2016
Authors: Hernández Maldonado Cindy , Rosales Rimache Jaime
Published: July 2019

Introducción. El embarazo adolescente en Perú es un problema de salud pública que presenta alta prevalencia en regiones como Ica, y se considera como una causa de ciertos desenlaces adversos a la salud del recién nacido como bajo peso e hiperbilirrubinemia. Métodos. Se diseñó una cohorte retrospectiva constituida por gestantes adolescentes entre 13 y 19 años, las cuales fueron divididas en dos grupos: grupo 1 (<18 años de edad) y grupo 2 (≥18 años de edad). Resultados. Se evaluaron 481 gestantes adolescentes, de las cuales el grupo 1 representó el 65,3%. Se encontró recién nacidos con bajo peso e hiperbilirrubinemia en el 3,3% y 18.9%, respectivamente. El análisis bivariado evidenció diferencias significativas (p<0,001) entre la mediana de edad gestacional entre madres con recién nacidos con peso normal y bajo peso, así como en relación al tipo de parto (cesárea y normal). En cuanto a la hiperbilirrubinemia, tanto el análisis bivariado como el multivariado no evidenciaron diferencias significativas. La regresión de Cox permitió evidenciar que las gestantes adolescentes del grupo 1 tuvieron casi 8 veces más riesgo (HR: 7,95, p<0,05) de tener un recién nacido con bajo peso en comparación a las gestantes del grupo 2. Conclusión. El embarazo adolescente está asociado al bajo peso al nacer, más no a la hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal.
Prácticas maternas de alimentación en niños de 6 a 24 meses atendidos en establecimientos de salud de Lima e Iquitos
Authors: Rojas-Guerrero Nady , Spinoza-Bernardo Sissy
Published: July 2019

Introducción. Las prácticas de alimentación complementaria deficientes tienen un efecto negativo sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de niños en la infancia. El Perú tiene una amplia diversidad cultural y variada idiosincrasia acerca de la alimentación y nutrición de los niños; sin embargo, existen escasas publicaciones sobre las prácticas de alimentación complementaria según región de residencia. Objetivo. Determinar las prácticas maternas de alimentación de niños de 6 a 24 meses atendidos en establecimientos de salud de Lima e Iquitos. Métodos. La unidad de análisis fue la madre de niño de 6 a 24 meses de edad. Se consideró un total de 151 madres en Lima y 168 en Iquitos. Para establecer la relación entre las prácticas de alimentación complementaria y la residencia, se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrado con un nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados. 174 (54,55%) fueron mujeres, 191(59,87%) de los niños tenían entre 12 y 24 meses. Las madres tuvieron una edad mediana de 25 años. Hubo diferencia significativa en el cumplimiento de prácticas de alimentación complementaria entre los niños de ambas comunidades en: lactancia materna exclusiva antes de los 6 meses (p=0,007), dieta mínima aceptable (p=0,000) y en el consumo de multimicronutrientes (p=0,000). Conclusiones. Las diferencias entre las prácticas maternas de alimentación complementaria se evidencian en el incumplimiento de lactancia materna exclusiva y el consumo de multimicronutrientes para niños de Lima, y una mayor frecuencia de incumplimiento de una dieta mínima aceptable para niños de Iquitos.
Percepción del envejecimiento exitoso en docentes de una facultad de medicina
Authors: Martina Martha , Amemiya Isabel , Piscoya Julia , Pereyra Héctor , Moreno Zoila
Published: July 2019

Introducción. En las últimas décadas, en nuestro país se están produciendo cambios en la estructura poblacional por edad, uno de los más importantes es el incremento de la población adulta mayor. Objetivos. Determinar la percepción de vivir un envejecimiento exitoso e identificar algunas variables asociadas con dicha percepción en los docentes adultos mayores de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Métodos. Estudio transversal y correlacional. Muestra de 106 docentes adultos mayores seleccionados por conveniencia, entre septiembre a noviembre 2017. Se utilizó el Inventario de Envejecimiento Exitoso de Meredith Troutman proporcionada por la propia autora. Resultados. La edad media fue de 67,38 ± 5,77 con un rango de 60 a 87 años. El 67% estaban casados; 47,7% vivía con su pareja y familiares, sólo cuatro docentes (3,8%) vivían solos sin ningún apoyo. El 70,1%(74) labora en la universidad 26 o más años; el 46,7%(50) son asociados; el 64,2%(68) es a tiempo parcial; el 46,7%(49) tiene maestría y el 26,4%(28) pertenecen a la ONP Ley 20530. El 76,3% de los docentes adultos mayores declararon que perciben un envejecimiento exitoso. Las dimensiones que más aportan al envejecimiento exitoso fueron mecanismos funcionales de rendimiento (88,7%) seguido de satisfacción con la vida (71,7%) y de los factores intrapsíquicos (69,5%). Conclusiones. El envejecimiento exitoso es mayoritario en los docentes adultos mayores de la facultad de medicina probablemente como consecuencia de un proceso de adaptación a los cambios propios del envejecimiento y a una intensa actividad intelectual previa a esta etapa.
Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal
Authors: Soriano-Lorenzo Jorge , Lima-Pérez Mayte , Soriano-García Jorge , Zaldívar-Blanco Karla , Fleites-Calvo Vilma
Published: July 2019

Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) son neoplasias mesenquimales originadas en el tracto gastrointestinal. Su localización más frecuente es en estómago e intestino delgado. Pueden originarse a cualquier edad, pero más del 80% de los casos son mayores de 50 años sin predilección de sexo, aunque puede observarse en pacientes más jóvenes asociados a síndromes que predisponen el desarrollo de estos tumores. Presentan sintomatología inespecífica. La tomografía axial computarizada está recomendada para realizar el estudio de extensión y seguimiento de estos pacientes. Los marcadores inmunohistoquímicos más sensibles y específicos son el KIT y DOG1. El tratamiento en caso de lesiones primarias localizadas es la resección quirúrgica, con o sin terapia adyuvante con imatinib durante 3 años en dependencia del riesgo de recidiva. En los casos avanzados o metastásicos se recomienda terapia neoadyuvante con imatinib por tiempo indefinido; el tratamiento en casos de progresión o intolerancia a imatinib es el sunitinib.
50° Aniversario del fallecimiento del Prof. Dr. Hugo Pesce Pescetto (1969-2019)
Authors: Burstein Alva Zuño
Published: July 2019

El 26 de julio del presente año 2019, se cumplirán 50 años de la lamentable desaparición fisica, a los 69 años de vida, de uno de los más destacados médicos del Perú, salubrista, leprólogo, intelectual vanguardista y humanista, el Prof. Dr. Hugo Pesce Pescetto (1900-1969). En el presente artículo se presenta una nota recordatoria sobre su destacada trayectoria y los homenajes póstumos que recibió.
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes mayores de 65 años con diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo
Authors: Gutiérrez Cabezas Silvia Elena , Hernandez Ocampo Erwin Martin , Camargo Madrid Victor Hugo , Arteaga Vásquez Carlos Armando , Ramos Tuñoque Manuel
Published: July 2019

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Estimando las participaciones de mercado de largo plazo en el servicio móvil peruano: Una aplicación de las Cadenas de Markov
Authors: Gavilano Aspillaga Manuel , Tovar Soto Nikolai
Published: July 2019

Este breve documento muestra de manera directa y sencilla la estimación de las participaciones de mercado que tendrían las empresas operadoras móviles en el largo plazo, entendiéndose como largo plazo aquella situación en que las participaciones de mercado oscilan en muy pequeñas variaciones. Para cumplir con este objetivo se emplean las denominadas Cadenas de Markov, donde las Matrices de Transición se forman a través de los estados de migraciones de una empresa operadora hacia otra mediante el proceso de Portabilidad Numérica Móvil (PNM). Las conclusiones del trabajo señalan que, en el largo plazo Telefónica del Perú tendría la mayor participación de mercado (36.4 %), seguido de América Móvil (35 %); y finalmente, Entel (17.4 %) y Viettel (11.2 %).
Interoperabilidad de Historias Clínicas Electrónicas en el Perú
Authors: Alarcon-Loayza Luis , Rubio-Ortiz Carlos , Chumán-Soto Maricarmen
Published: July 2019

Currently, our country is in a process of analysis and design for the implementation of an integrated repository of electronic medical records RENHICE by the Ministry of Health - MINSA, through which you can access the medical records of all patients, for this it is important to define how the exchange of same between the different existing health centers is carried out. In this article we will talk about the different types of interoperability, architecture models, the technology used for interoperability and our proposal of interoperability architecture for the RENHICE that complies with what is determined by Law N ° 30024 Creation of the National Registry of Clinical Histories.
Políticas para reducir el problema (no percibido) de las personas ubicadas en Áreas Vulnerables
Authors: Robles Laynes José
Published: July 2019

This research work starts with the question: What would be the reason why our compatriots choose to live in vulnerable areas, exposing their own life and that of their relatives? This question is relevant because it affects millions of compatriots (36% of the population, according to the Ministry of the Environment) and is applicable to any part of Peru.
To answer the question an explanatory model is proposed, indicating variables of analysis, and their possible relationships, to make simulations, from the model. It is necessary to consider that the objective of the simulations is not to provide exact results, but to describe possible future behaviors, considering the actions that we take in the present.
The proposed model considers a horizon of 50 years, and indicates that only if the problem is treated intensively the percentage of people in vulnerable areas could be reduced after a decade. Likewise, it is concluded that if actions are not taken, people located in vulnerable areas would represent 51% of the population in the period analyzed. In that sense, the policies that would contribute to reduce the percentage of people in vulnerable areas are: relocation, education and the improvement in the effectiveness of public spending.
Predictive Validity of the CRAFFT for Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Shenoi Rohit P. , Linakis James G. , Bromberg Julie R. , Casper T. Charles , Richards Rachel , Mello Michael J. , Chun Thomas H. , Spirito Anthony ,   PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE APPLIED RESEARCH NETWORK
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

The utility of CRAFFT (Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble) in identifying current and future problematic substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) in pediatric emergency department (PED) patients is unknown. We conducted a secondary analysis of a study in 16 PEDs to determine the concurrent and predictive validity of CRAFFT with respect to SUD.

METHODS:

At baseline, 4753 participants aged 12 to 17 years completed an assessment battery (CRAFFT and other measures of alcohol, drug use, and risk behaviors). A subsample was readministered the battery at 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up to investigate future SUDs.

RESULTS:

Of 2175 participants assigned to follow-up, 1493 (68.6%) completed 1-year, 1451 (66.7%) completed 2-year, and 1265 (58.1%) completed the 3-year follow-up. A baseline CRAFFT value of ≥2 was significantly associated with problematic substance use or mild or moderate to severe SUD diagnosis on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children at baseline (P < .001). The results persisted after 1, 2, and 3 years (P < .001). The best combined sensitivity and specificity was achieved with a baseline CRAFFT value of ≥1 as a cutoff for predicting problematic substance use and a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnosis of mild SUD at 1, 2, and 3 years. The baseline CRAFFT score that best predicted a moderate to severe SUD at 1 year was ≥2; but at 2 and 3 years, the cutoff score was ≥1.

CONCLUSIONS:

CRAFFT has good concurrent validity for problematic substance use and SUD in PED patients and is useful in predicting SUDs at up to 3 years follow-up but with limited sensitivity.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Ekspresif Dalam Lirik Lagu Ummi Kultsum
Authors: Busyrowi Ahmad , Harianty Tuti , Sanjaya Muhiqbal , Yuliansari Miswati
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini membahas tindak tutur ekspresif dalam liriklagu Ummi Kultsum yang berjudul al-athlal dan Anta Umriy.Permasalahan yang diteliti adalah jenis dan fungsi tindak tuturekspresif. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui jenis dan fungsi tindak tuturekspresif dalam lirik lagu Ummi Kutsum yang berjudul al-athlal danAnta Umriy tersebut, dengan menggunakan teori Yule, dan Wijana.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metodenyamenggunakan metode simak dan pengumpulan datanya dilakukandengan cara menyimak dan mencatat tuturan-tuturan ekspresif dalamlirik lagu tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan34 tindak tutur ekspresif. Berdasarkan jenisnya ada 2 yaitu tindaktutur langsung dan tidak langsung, masing-masing berfungsi sebagaimengungkapkan kekecewaan ada 7 tuturan, ungkapan sedih ada 6tuturan, bahagia ada 3 tuturan, rindu 3 tuturan, menyesal 3 tuturan,berharap 2 tuturan, yakin 2 tuturan, mengungkapkan kekaguman 2tuturan, semangat 2 tuturan, mengungkapkan perasaan khawatir 1tuturan, pasrah 1 tuturan, bangga 1 tuturan dan bingung 1 tuturan.
Medan Makna Morfosemantik kata Auliya dalam Al-Qur’an: Kajian Semantik dengan Pendekatan Analisis Komponensial
Authors: Maksum Maksum , Tafiati Tafiati
Published: July 2019

This research aims to observethe terrain of morpho-semantic meaning of the word auliya’  in the Qur'an; what words are included in the morpho-semantic field of the word auliya’, and how the features are useful. This study aims to gather words that are in the morpho-semantic field of the auliya’ word 'in the Qur'an, find their meaning features, common components of the meaning and components of differentiating meaning (diagnostic communication) so that the meaning can be obtained representative of the word auliya'. The study found 234 words incorporated into the auliya’ 'morpho-semantic field' in 69 forms, spread over 55 letters in 208 verses. All these words come from six basic forms which are classified into three classes of words. The analysis  reveals root meanings (general meaning components), i.e., ASSEMBLING, REDUCING, GOVERNING (action), NEAR / NO DISTANCE, HELP, FULL OF LOVE, RESPONSIBLE, ALWAYS SUPERVISING (characters) and distinguishing components, consisting of the meaning of the basic form, namely, GOD, KING / AUTHORITY / MASTER, RELIGION, HERITAGE OF HERITAGE, CULTURE (perpetrator), TIME AND INSTITUTION (etc.) and grammatical meaning, namely, Al-Syakhsh (pronoun), Al-'Adad (numeral) , Al-Ta'yin (definite) and Al-Nau '(gender), besides the meaning of' ‘time'specifically for the class of verb.
Development of Predict Observe Explain (POE)-based Thematic Teaching Materials
Authors: Rini Amalia Puspha , Suryani Nunuk , Fadhilah Siti Sutarmi
Published: July 2019

The learning process cannot be separated from the use of teaching materials that play a role to achieve the competencies that must be achieved by the learners. The purpose of this research is to identify the developmental stages of Predict Observe Explain (POE)-based thematic teaching materials, quality, and effectiveness of teaching materials to improve the learners' learning outcomes. This is a research and development technique. The development of this product is done through the design model of ADDIE learning system, i.e. (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, (5) and evaluation. The results show that the POE-based thematic teaching materials has excellent quality on aspects of graphics and material with the score 4,52 and score 4,75 respectively from the aspects of readability, linguistic, and presentation according to the learners as the users of the product. Furthermore, the effectiveness test results show that the average class score that does not use POE-based thematic materials is 75,72, whereas that using POE thematic materials is 82,08. Therefore, the average score in the experimental class is higher than the control one. The Sig. shows 0,010 0,05, then H0 is rejected and H1 accepted. It is concluded that there is a significant value difference between the control and experimental class.
Evaluating learning objectives of the pre-school teacher education programme in terms of special field competencies
Authors: Demir Ozden , Kartal Metin , Kaya Halil Ibrahim
Published: July 2019

In Turkey, as in other countries, candidate teachers are expected to achieve the teaching qualifications and competencies outlined by the ministries of education. In Turkey’s case, the Ministry of National Education of Turkey (MoNE) (Yüksek öğretim Kurulu (YÖK), 1998; MoNE, 2006) has developed the general competencies for the teaching profession including six-main competency domains called A-B-C-D-E-F, associated thirty-one sub-domains, and 233 teaching performance indicators for knowledge, skills, and attitudes for the teacher education programmes. More specifically, special field competencies for pre-school teachers have been developed to bring effective-teaching and learning to both public and private schools. This study analysed general competencies and related special field competencies with the aim of determining the extent to which there is a correlation between the general competencies of Pre-School T eacher Education Programmes and the courses’ learning objectives and sub-competencies. Qualitative content analysis methods yield the descriptive frequencies presented. This exploratory approach of these important elements of a teacher education programme will be useful to determine and seek to eliminate the intended and enacted gap between the learning objectives and the special field competencies. This study is offered as an example comparison among these elements that might also be helpful in the evaluation of teacher education programmes in other contexts.
Tagging and Tracking of Persons with Albinism: A Reflection of Some Critical Human Rights & Ethical Issues Arising from the Use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) as Part of a Solution to Cracking Down on Violent Crimes Against Persons with Albinism
Authors: Mswela Mphoeng Maureen
Published: July 2019

Recent years have seen an increase in the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) by both private and public entities for the purpose of tracking and monitoring the location of human beings. The GPS tracking application is used as a locating system to monitor, among other people, children, the elderly who suffer from Alzheimer's, and the mentally ill, for personal protection purposes. This electronic monitoring system has also found application on parolees as a law enforcement measure. In trying to track down a tangible solution to prevent and mitigate brutal attacks on persons with albinism in South Africa, this article proposes the extension of the application of the use of the Global Positioning Tracking System to persons with albinism as a strategy to halt the continued attacks against this population. Although Malawi has pioneered the use of the GPS in the context of fighting violent crimes against persons with albinism, what is unsettling to the author is the fact that no debates have taken place on the ethical and legal concerns arising from electronically tagging and tracking people with albinism; especially in view of the fact that persons with albinism are already a vulnerable and stigmatised population. Could it be that ethical issues and human rights are to be ignored when it is affirmed that technology serves the common good of protecting persons with albinism? My emphasis here is on the need for a debate on what could otherwise be a controversial application of technology. Although the purpose of the GPS is undeniably worthy, sometimes the way these devices are used can be more problematic. More challenging is the desire to justify the encroachment of any rights, as arises through using this crime prevention strategy. The use of the electronic monitoring system to tag and track persons with albinism raises crucial human rights and ethical concerns, particularly relating to the right to privacy, liberty, perhaps equality, and notably, the right to dignity. There is a need to be conscious of the possibility of the misuse of the technology and precautionary measures must be put in place. This article therefore discusses the ethical and legal issues which could arise from the electronic tagging and tracking of persons with albinism
Juventude e participação: PEE/RJ como efeito da prática da política democrática
Authors: Amaral Daniela Patti , Castro Marcela Moraes de
Published: July 2019

Este artigo analisa o efeito da participação da juventude no Plano Estadual de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), em fase de construção. Consideramos que o movimento de ocupação no estado, ocorrido em 2016, atuou como cenário do exercício da democracia, na construção de demandas da juventude para a escola, reestruturando a pauta e a agenda política educacional do RJ, naquele período. Com autores que trazem para a cena democrática a prática da política e os jovens, indagamos sobre a tradução destas demandas no texto da política através do ciclo de políticas, como opção metodológica. Consideramos que o protagonismo juvenil que assumiu relevo no movimento ficou à margem no texto da minuta do plano.
A produção do Ensino Médio como um direito fundamental dos jovens brasileiros a partir das problematizações da juventude
Authors: Goulart Marcos Vinicius da Silva , Traversini Clarice Salete
Published: July 2019

O texto objetiva analisar como as problematizações da juventude constituíram o Ensino Médio como direito fundamental dos jovens brasileiros desde o início da década de 2000. Utilizamos o conceito foucaultiano de  problematização e optamos pela análise documental. O estudo permitiu referir que as problematizações desenvolveram: a) uma visão positiva dos jovens brasileiros; b) a institucionalização a nível governamental das discussões sobre juventude; c) a noção de que os jovens brasileiros são um grupo heterogêneo, que não pode ser enquadrado em um modelo único e ideal. Em síntese, os ditos sobre os jovens, além de instituir uma visão de juventude, também marcam uma disputa política em torno da melhor forma de educá-los.
Subsuelos virtuales. O el desafío al adultocentrismo de una modalidad emergente de lo masivo: los e-sports.
Authors: Rodríguez María Graciela , Russo Martín
Published: July 2019

Este trabajo se propone presentar una de las modalidades emergentes de la masividad: los e-sports. A pesar de que la masividad alcanzada por estas configuraciones lúdicas y agonísticas que se desarrollan en plataformas virtuales excede los criterios cuantitativos utilizados para clasificar fenómenos masivos, no aparecen como preocupaciones del “mundo adulto” (escuela, circuitos académicos, medios de comunicación, progenitores). Primero describimos estos juegos; luego revisamos la categoría de masividad; finalmente desplegamos y desarmamos algunas representaciones de sentido común de un “adultocentrismo” que parecen obturar la posibilidad de conocer una actividad de millones de personas jóvenes que practican y consumen estos juegos.