bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival Time of People Living With HIV: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zuber Jean Fernando Sandeski , Muller Erildo Vicente , Martins Camila Marinelli , Coradassi Carlos Eduardo , Milene Zanoni da Silva
Published: February 2023

1.1. Introduction: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still a global epidemic. More than 40 million people died of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) so far. Antiretroviral treatment (ART), among other health care measures, reversed this fatal outcome. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival time of people living with HIV (PLHIV) through national and international studies in a systematic review with meta-analysis. 1.2. Material and Methods: An electronic search was conducted in three databases PubMed, SciELO and ScienceDirect identify original studies about survival time of PLHIV published until 12/31/2018. 1.3. Results: A total of 2,650 entries were retrieved from which 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The total number of PLHIV included in these studies was 75,020 people. They were performed in 11 countries, with 35.29% of them in Brazil. The overall mean survival time of PLHIV was 6.36 years (95%CI 5.58-7.14; I2=100%; p<0.001). Survival time of PLHIV was higher for those on ART than for those without treatment: an average of 2.4 years and 1,52, respectively. Survival time of PLHIV also increased with higher educational levels and younger age. 1.4. Conclusion: This systematic review with meta-analysis consolidated the scientific evidence that ART increases survival time of PLHIV.
Uji Akurasi Arah Kiblat Menggunakan Azimut Bulan Purnama
Authors: Rahayu Dewi , Ukhti Laiyina
Published: February 2023

The community often faces problems and problems related to the worship of Muslims, Muslims are also required to carry out obligations that are important factors in the Islamic religion, especially the obligation of prayer that leads to the Kakbah. So far, the measurement of the direction of the Qibla in most methods always uses the Sun, the Sun is one of the celestial bodies that can be used as a reference to measure the direction of the Qibla either in the shadow of the Sun or the azimuth of the Sun. In this case, the author wants to test using the azimuth of the full moon, because there are still many who do not know that the measurement of the direction of the Qibla can not only be with the Sun but can also use the Moon. To find out the extent of the accuracy of the results of measuring the direction of the Qibla with the azimuth of the Moon, the authors formulated several research questions. 1 what is the technique of measuring the direction of the qibla using the azimuth of the full moon? 2 what is the accuracy of qibla direction using the azimuth of the full moon? To answer the research question, the author uses a qualitative research method with an astronomical approach, the primary data used are in the form of trial results of measuring the direction of the Qibla during the full Moon, namely the night of the 14th, and 16th which is marked with a lunar illumination value above 95 percent, and night 15 which is marked with a Lunar illumination value of 100 percent. on the first day obtained a value difference of 00° 03' 50", on the second day obtained a difference in value of 0° 02' 20 and on the third day obtained a difference in value of 0° 02' 12 The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method. The results of the study can be concluded that the technique of measuring the direction of the Qibla using the azimuth of the full Moon is the same as the technique of measuring the direction of the Qibla by using the azimuth of the Sun. Meanwhile, the accuracy is still very accurate, where the results of the trial measurement of the direction of the Qibla by using the azimuth of the full Moon only have an average difference of 00 ° 02ʼ 12 " arc from the results of measuring the direction of the Qibla using the Azimuth of the Sun.
Analisis Jadwal Waktu Salat di Dataran Tinggi Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: Mutia Intan , Ismail Ismail
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul Analisis Jadwal Waktu Salat Di Dataran Tinggi Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dan memiliki 2 rumusan masalah yaitu; bagaimana sistem perhitungan jadwal waktu salat dan bagaimana keakurasian jadwal salat di dataran tinggi Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji metode perhitungan jadwal waktu salat dan keakurasian jadwal waktu salat di dataran tinggi. Kajian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dengan survey lokasi. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi dan survei lokasi guna memperoleh jadwal salat dan data lokasi perhitungan untuk keperluan analisis waktu salat di dataran tinggi Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perhitungan jadwal salat di Kecamatan Bebesen data ketinggian tempat tidak digunakan, variasi jadwal salat ada jadwal digital dan manual (print out), beberapa jadwal salat diantaranya menggunakan titik koordinat sosial religius dan menggunakan konversi. Dalam penyusunan jadwal salat perlu diperhatikan kelengkapan data yang digunakan, karena data penyusunan menjadi jaminan kredibilitas akurasi jadwal salat. Perhitungan waktu salat berdasarkan data real lapangan memperoleh hasil berbeda dengan jadwal yang berlaku di lokasi, hasil perhitungan real lapangan lebih diprioritaskan (lebih akurat), karena proses perhitungannya menggunakan data lintang, bujur dan data matahari disesuaikan dengan lokasi dan waktu perhitungan.
Akurasi Jadwal Salat Masjid Baitussalam Gampong Nga Lb Arakeumudi Kecamatan Lhoksukon
Authors: Marzhatillah Marzhatillah , Putri Hasna Tuddar
Published: February 2023

The prayer schedule used at the Baitussalam Mosque is the prayer schedule of all time compiled by Abu Muhammad Isa, an astronomer at the time. This prayer schedule is still used and guided by the community. To make it easier for implementation, the mosque management has also provided digital prayer schedule. But unfortunately, even though these facilities have been completed, it's still can cause confusion for the congregation, which schedule is correct to use. Because the schedule that runs automatically on the digital clock is not according to the schedule stated in the prayer schedule of all times. Therefore It is necessary to analyze the method of determining the prayer schedule at the Baitussalam Mosque, Gampong Nga LB Arakemudi, Lhoksukon District and the accuracy of the prayer schedule. This research belongs to the type of qualitative research. The primary data sources in this study are prayer schedules on the all-time prayer schedule and digital clock schedules. The results of this study are the method used in preparing the prayer schedule for the Baitussalam mosque, Gampong Nga LB Arakemudi, Lhoksukon based on the method of calculating the prayer schedule of all times, which uses the classical method in the sense that the input data calculation is still static while the digital prayer schedule uses dynamic data. This is what causes the Baitussalam mosque prayer schedule in Gampong Nga LB Arakemudi, Lhoksukon, between the all-time prayer schedule and the digital prayer schedule, there are varying differences. The several of differences found, some exceeded the limit and some did not exceed the ihtiyat limit, which is 2-3 minutes from the standard prayer times compiled by the Ministry of Religion.
Pengamatan Hilal Siang Hari di OIF Cabang Barus
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Dimas , Putraga Hariyadi , Hidayat Muhammad , Rakhmadi Arwin Juli
Published: February 2023

Crescent observation as one of the practices carried out within the scope of falak science has an escalation in methods to adapt  the development of science and technology. The development of crescent observation method has an impact on the observation time. In the past, observing crescent only focused when the sun had set, but now observing crescent can be done since the sun is still above the horizon. OIF UMSU as an institution engaged in the field of falak science also conducts crescent observations every month from noon. On November 25, 2022, OIF Barus Team managed to capture the new moon crescent at noon at 13:49 WIB with an elongation of 18°25'. This observation could maximizing existing instruments to obtain crescent images with smaller elongation.
POLÍTICAS DE INTERIORIZAÇÃO DAS UNIDADES DE UTI, EFETIVIDADE, AVALIAÇÃO, IMPLANTAÇÃO E MONITORAMENTO DA TELE-UTI NA LITERATURA NACIONAL, INTERNACIONAL E LITERATURA CINZENTA: PROTOCOLO REVISÃO DE ESCOPO
Authors: De Oliveira Coelho Pedro Henrique , Garcia Filho Carlos
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: o presente trabalho tem por objetivo elaborar uma revisão de escopo para avaliar a política de expansão das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) no Brasil, assim como o papel da Tele-UTI nesse processo. Metodologia: A Prática Baseada em Evidencias (PBE) servirá como base para o método do estudo, e, de acordo com os preceitos do Manual do Instituto Joana Briggs (JBI), o protocolo de revisão de escopo será por meio de suas etapas de elaboração, utilizando, para a busca de artigos, estratégia com os critérios P(população) = Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, C(conceito) = Tele-UTI e C(contexto) = Interiorização das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, utilizando as bases de dados Lilacs via BVS, PUBMED, SciELO, e fonte de Literatura Cinzenta – Google Acadêmico, para a busca de artigos, sendo selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão.  Resultados: As informações extraídas serão explicitadas através de tabelas, fluxos, gráficos, análises comparativas e percentuais que apresentarão os resultados, conforme é proposto por Bardin.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NA PREVENÇÃO DE LESÕES POR PRESSÃO
Authors: Lins Jordão Jailton , Ruam Nascimento Thiago , Gomes Neto João , Amorim Barbosa Mariana , Lemes Ferreira Carine Vitória , Alves de Medeiros Joelma , Silva de Oliveira Letícia Carolina , Angieuski Camacho Beatriz , Costa de Santana Marttem , Godoy Rocha Claudia Aparecida
Published: February 2023

Uma lesão por pressão (LPP) é uma lesão localizada na pele ou tecido subjacente, geralmente sobre uma proeminência óssea, como resultado de pressão não aliviada. Os fatores predisponentes são classificados como intrínsecos, como por exemplo, mobilidade limitada, má nutrição, comorbidades e envelhecimento da pele, ou extrínsecos, sendo eles: pressão, fricção, cisalhamento, umidade. O presente artigo é uma revisão sistemática, no qual tem como objetivo identificar a atuação do enfermeiro no cuidado da LPP. O estudo é uma revisão de literatura sistemática, cuja pesquisa é do tipo bibliográfica, descritiva. Foram utilizados para o levantamento das pesquisas, as bases de dados: Base de Dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e Biblioteca Eletrônica da SCIELO. Foram realizados, também, cruzamentos dos descritores “Lesão Por Pressão”, “Equipe de enfermagem” e “Prevenção” da base de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DecS). Feitas as associações dos descritores nas bases de dados, foram selecionados 13 artigos científicos, nos quais foram organizados em uma tabela para leitura de seus conteúdos: autor e ano de publicação, título, objetivo e síntese das considerações, dispostos na tabela 01. Em suma, é possível concluir que os enfermeiros são os profissionais responsáveis pelos cuidados e prevenção das LPP, no qual cabe aos mesmos, promover conhecimentos técnicos para ofertar as principais medidas de prevenção. Como exemplo, temos: a mudança de decúbito, a hidratação da pele e a higiene do paciente.
APLICABILIDADE DO POLICIAMENTO VELADO NA ATIVIDADE DE INTELIGÊNCIA DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA: UM ESTUDO DOUTRINÁRIO NA POLÍCIA MILITAR DO PARANÁ
Authors: Lopes Dias Alexandre , Euclides Dias Netto Alfredo
Published: February 2023

A atividade de inteligência desenvolvida no Brasil vem evoluindo significativamente desde a instituição do atual Sistema Brasileiro de Inteligência e a criação do Subsistema de Inteligência de Segurança Pública, atribuindo aos seus integrantes a competência para combate efetivo a crimes de qualquer natureza. A Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR), acompanhando essa evolução, definiu uma doutrina própria para as atividades de inteligência por ela desenvolvidas e, consequentemente, remodelou sua estrutura organizacional criando a sua Diretoria de Inteligência. Dentro dessa doutrina estabelecida, observa-se a possibilidade da aplicação do Policiamento Velado por iniciativa dos comandantes, dentro dos diversos níveis de comando que a corporação possui. Essa modalidade colabora e subsidia diretamente para a execução de um planejamento eficaz e eficiente ao policiamento ostensivo preventivo e, se necessário, repressivo. Este trabalho objetivou, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, demonstrar, dentro da doutrina de inteligência definida na PMPR, a importância do policiamento velado para a preservação da ordem pública em um contexto da atividade de inteligência de Segurança Pública desenvolvida pela corporação.
PARENTS - FOUNDERS OF ALTERNATIVE SCHOOLS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Authors: Maras Andrej , Marinac Ana Maria , Pongračić Luka
Published: February 2023

The traditional school system has not met the needs of students for
many years. Parents, in order to allow their children to move away from
the rigid class-subject-hour system, established schools. The founders
of alternative schools can be citizens, parents and teachers, religious
communities as well as other legal entities. These are the so-called free
schools, civic educational initiatives, reform pedagogical attempts, educational boarding schools, etc. The aim of this paper is to present the
pedagogical concepts and ideas of schools in the Republic of Croatia
whose founders are parents. The paper presents the basic pedagogical
principles and aspects of teaching Waldorf and Montessori pedagogy
based on educational pluralism, a brief overview of partnership between
parents and schools in Croatia and the educational model of primary
Catholic schools “Ružičnjak” and “Lotrščak”. The observed schools are
located in Zagreb and have only one goal - to adapt the school to the
child. An effort is made to provide each student with an individual approach. The starting points are the child’s needs and interests. These are
the schools where students have freedom of choice. The goal of ing and education is the holistic development of the child. The emphasis is on active learning methods and abandoning didactic scenarios in which the child is only a passive observer.
Keywords: alternative schools; catholic schools; educational pluralism;
partnership; parents
Câmeras 360 graus e Jornalismo. Indexação de pesquisas teórico e práticas do Brasil
Authors: Silva Rodrigues Ligia Coeli , Firmino da Silva Fernando , Do Espírito Santo da Cunha Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

O objetivo do artigo é contribuir com a agenda de pesquisa de práticas jornalísticas que usam câmeras 360 graus, realidade aumentada e virtual. Após o boom de estudos sobre jornalismo imersivo e expectativas relacionadas às inovações tecnológicas, identificamos uma lacuna. Não há um inventário que sistematize investigações brasileiras na área. Por isso propomos a indexação de informações sobre a produção de laboratórios, grupos de pesquisa e núcleos de estudo de universidades do Brasil. A metodologia usou pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, visando a localização dessas produções em repositórios, sites e redes oficiais dos agrupamentos de estudos. O levantamento reúne iniciativas de 16 instituições do Brasil, que somam 97 produções. Entre os resultados, a baixa ocorrência de iniciativas práticas; regiões Sul e Nordeste como as mais sistemáticas na produção teórica e a pausa em atividades durante a pandemia por Covid-19.
Onde estão os corpos dos nossos mortos? Um questionamento a partir da construção imagética da pandemia
Authors: Silva Lopes Leandro
Published: February 2023

Pensando a partir da construção imagética da atual pandemia, propomos uma reflexão sobre a cena do reconhecimento do luto em parte da cobertura midiática brasileira. Afinal, onde estão os corpos dos nossos mortos? O que realmente significam mais de 670 mil mortos quando isso é um número? Recorrendo à Judith Butler, Susan Sontag e Michael Hardt, realizaremos um gesto de discutir dicotomias a respeito das produções de subjetividade como um ato de esfacelamento das comoções que o luto público é capaz de produzir. Trazemos alguns exemplos dessa construção imagética a partir do Jornal Nacional, da Rede Globo de Televisão, e também do documentário A 13ª Emenda, de Ava DuVernay (2016).
Jornalistas, assédios e violências nos ambientes digital e físico: o cenário brasileiro
Authors: Osvald Ramos Daniela , Nicolau Saad Corrêa Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Assédios e violências contra o jornalismo e seus profissionais têm sido uma constante na sociedade brasileira. A evolução destes processos e a própria transformação dos atores sociais   ganha dimensões significativa com a digitalização e com eventos político-eleitorais e de crise pandêmica. Objetivamos apresentar um olhar exploratório-analítico de como vem ocorrendo a violência contra jornalistas brasileiros entre 2020 e 2021, momento central de tais ocorrências. O construto conceitual parte das abordagens sobre o fazer jornalístico na esfera pública digitalizada baseado em Burgress & Hurcombe (2019), e dos aspectos focados nas abordagens sociológicas da violência a partir de Busquets (2019) e Galtung (1969, 1990). A pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa e qualitativa resulta de um processo de triangulação constituído pelo construto teórico-conceitual; pelos dados produzidos por fontes legitimadas: FENAJ, ABRAJI, Repórteres Sem Fronteiras; e por um levantamento de registros sobre violência a jornalistas via Google.
Jornalismo e etnografia: confluências, discrepâncias e alguns equívocos
Authors: Santana Alex Sander Alcântara Lopes de
Published: February 2023

O artigo define conceitos para o jornalismo e esclarece o que é etnografia, apontando semelhanças, diferenças e alguns equívocos recorrentes nos estudos de jornalismo que adotam a abordagem antropológica. Nas pesquisas que mantêm um diálogo com a antropologia, “observação participante”, “trabalho de campo” e “etnografia” aparecem como práticas sinônimas. Empregada frequentemente de forma instrumentalizada, etnografia é definida recorrentemente nessas pesquisas como uma “descrição densa” e confundida com a ideia de descritivismo. O artigo parte da premissa de que o jornalismo não se define por uma técnica, mas por uma ética e que a etnografia, definida como método, é o resultado de processos de observação e seleção, associada a um esforço intelectual para compreensão de contextos e arranjos sociais. Diferentemente do jornalismo, no qual os acontecimentos são noticiados e comentados, na antropologia, os fatos etnográficos não existem.
criança em processo de alfabetização: quando a criança teoriza a vida vivida pela linguagem
Authors: Bortolotto Nelita , Giovani Fabiana
Published: February 2023

Neste trabalho pontuamos implicações do mundo da vida (atos cotidianos) e da cultura (práticas sociais) pela perspectiva da criança na altura de experiências discursivas, ao abraçar instâncias formais de ensino. A abordagem dialógica da linguagem de que trata Bakhtin e seu Círculo são referências para as reflexões aqui movimentadas, abrindo vias à escuta da voz da criança, no que esta tem a dizer – e diz.   O paradigma indiciário de Ginzburg foi base à busca de possíveis vestígios à produção de sentidos. Analisa-se, particularmente, a vivência de Lucca quando desafiado à escrita de poema, conhecimento mobilizado na esfera escolar e fora dela. Ao ver-se diante de embate de vozes (sua professora, sua mãe-pesquisadora, autores de livros (escrita), narrativas orais), o alfabetizando se posiciona discursivamente diante do outro e pela memória da vida vivida no grande tempo, teoriza sobre o gênero em aprendizagem, seguindo e revertendo regras pelo critério da sua compreensão criadora da relação dialógica e pela fantasia, humaniza o ato de conviver.
Principais contribuições da linguística para a alfabetização
Authors: Scliar-Cabral Leonor , Heinig Otília Lizete de Oliveira Martins
Published: February 2023

Os conhecimentos linguísticos são fundamentais para o campo da alfabetização, uma vez que fundamentam metodologias, formação de professores e a atuação em sala de aula. Por isso, o objetivo do artigo é apresentar as principais contribuições da linguística à alfabetização. Examina-se, inicialmente, o princípio da economia linguística e como ele funciona, somando a isso as contribuições da linguística ao princípio da economia e o conceito de zero ou ausência. Em seguida, são definidas e apresentadas as unidades de processamento do português do Brasil nos níveis mais baixos, tanto no sistema oral, quanto no escrito. Detalha-se também a diferença entre fonema e som e letra e grafema para, finalmente, discorrer sobre a invariância. Ao longo do texto se explica como os princípios apresentados podem ser aplicados ao processo de alfabetização.
Education in North Borneo: An Overview
Authors: Ishak Mohd Zaki
Published: February 2023

This introductory Volume I presents six chapters of articles related to research in education, in particular North Borneo from the three countries: Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam. It is essential that the focus of research in education is to improve practice in the teaching and learning (Mohd. Zaki, 2009) in any curriculum. The practice is not only, about content knowledge, but also, issues related to pedagogy, psychology, sociology, and assessment. Other than practice, Millar (2003) emphasizes the importance of insights that a teacher can see the familiar in a new way, by sharpening thinking, by directing attention to important issues, by clarifying problems, challenging established views, encouraging debate and stimulating curiosity. The focus, practice and insights, are reflected in these six articles.
Reviewing Science Education Research in Socioculture Perspective
Authors: Shafiah Abdul Rashid  , Zanaton H. Iksan  , Khadijah Abdul Razak  , Azman Yusof  , Mariati Mohd. Salleh
Published: February 2023

In order to ensure that our country is able to provide enough human capital in the future, Malaysia is striving hard to improve the quality of its science education system. Various strategies have been regulated but still, the percentage of students taking science stream keeps dropping each year. Thus, science education scholars need to focus their attention by examining the impact of socioculture factor on students' interest in science. This article reviews a few socioculture point of views which affect science education progress. It discusses the pros and contras that arise when modern science that originates from the west clashes with the culture, traditions and beliefs of non-western students. This study is important to ensure that the human capital produced by our education system is capable of competing at the global stage without sacrificing our identity, beliefs and cultural heritage.
An investigation into difficulties in designing lesson plans experienced by pre-service teachers at the University of Foreign Language Studies – The University of Danang
Authors: Phan Thi Thanh Nga
Published: February 2023

It is indisputable that developing pre-service teachers’ lesson-planning skills plays a key role in the language teacher training program. However, lesson planning is currently inadequately evaluated as a laborious task to many pre-service teachers, and they encounter a host of difficulties in tailoring a meticulous lesson plan. Since there is not much research into this subject in Vietnam, this paper is carried out with the purpose of investigating the difficulties in designing lesson plans experienced by pre-service teachers at the University of Foreign Language Studies – the University of Danang. This research employs qualitative approach of the data collected from questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The subject involves in the research are pre-service teachers majoring in English Language Teacher Education. Seventy (70) trainee teachers took part in the questionnaire at the first stage of data collection. Among these participants, at the second stage for semi-structured interview, the recording was administered to a population of ten (10) pre-service teachers who were chosen randomly with convenience. Hopefully, the research would serve as a source of reference for trainee teachers, in particular and teachers of English in general.
A needs analysis study in developing quantum physics instructional module for secondary school with an integrated stem education approach
Authors: Laurah Markus
Published: February 2023

Effective instructional strategies have been highlighted in teaching Quantum physics (QP) since this topic is theoretically complex and different from classical physics. In addressing this issue, a needs analysis (NA) was carried out to identify the anticipated challenges in QP learning and facilitation (L&F) and the integration of STEM education in a physics classroom. This research is a qualitative study where a semi-structured interview was conducted with two experts in physics education and two physics teachers selected under a purposive sampling approach. The interview was one-on-one through online platforms, held during the Covid-19 pandemic’s mobility control order (MCO). The data from the semi-structured interview was analysed using thematic analysis, and the findings were presented as thematic maps. Two major themes emerged from the thematic analysis: 1) the expectation in QP L&F based on experts’ and teachers’ views and 2) the discrepancies in SSQP-STEM L&F gathered from the teachers’ opinions and perspectives. The first theme denotes 1.1) teachers’ professional development, 1.2) pedagogical content knowledge, 1.3) instructional strategy, and 1.4) QP L&F resources. The second theme describes the discrepancies of SSQP-STEM L&F in terms of 2.1) QP nature, 2.2) insufficiency of resources in QP L&F, and 2.3) teachers’ perceptions of students’ characteristics in the physics classroom, and 2.4) the teachers’ competencies issues in teaching QP. Overall, the finding shows that a practical instructional module needs to be developed to cater to the physics teachers' demands.
A Narrative Review on Technology-enhanced Learning in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: May Honey Ohn  , Chan Zhi Wei  , Bareth Ravindran  , Tamilasari Sugumarn  , Khin Maung Ohn  , Constance Liew  , Alvin Oliver
Published: February 2023

Technology-enhanced learning (TEL) in medical education is becoming increasingly popular because it reorganizes teaching and learning dynamics, incorporates various learning media for content delivery, and provides synchronous and non-synchronousinteractions in group and individual learning. This article aimed to evaluate the usefulness of TEL models in undergraduate medical teaching. In our review of TEL in medical education, we posed three research questions to analyse its effectiveness in undergraduate medical education, which are: (a) What are the TEL modalities used in undergraduate medical education? (b) How does technology-enhanced blended learning impact students’ engagement, knowledge gain, skills acquisition, and changes in perception and attitudes? (c) Is e-learning (Moodle) more effective than other technology-assisted online learning platforms in medical education? In the review, we have seen the evolution and development of TEL; its advantages and strength over traditional learning, especially in medical education, have been reiterated. As the various modalities undergo further research and develop more sophisticatedly, TEL learning would play a bigger role as mainstream later to replace the full traditional learning. Thus, educators, institutions and policymakers must be prepared and invested in the necessary financial, time and manpower resources to embrace the coming tide, to ensure successful incorporation.
Rubrik Pembangunan Pekan Sempadan Malaysia-Kalimantan: Tawau-pulau Nunukan
Authors: Anuar Abdul Rahim
Published: February 2023

Antara kawasan desa-bandar atau pinggiran-pusat, lazimnya terdapat jurang pembangunan yang membezakan kedua-duanya. Kawasan desa selalu dikaitkan dengan kemunduran dan kemiskinan berbanding dengan kawasan bandar yang disinonimkan dengan kemajuan dan penduduknya berpendapatan tinggi. Pekan di sepanjang sempadan Malaysia-Indonesia selalunya berada di kawasan pedalaman dan juga dikaitkan dengan kemunduran, dan penduduknya berpendapatan rendah serta miskin. Konsep pembangunan di kawasan sempadan masih bersifat tradisional berteraskan pertahanan dan keselamatan,dan tidak kepada pembangunan ekonomi. Justeru, pembangunan di kawasan perbatasan perlu dibangunkan kearah status ekonomi lestari berpendapatan tinggi dengan tujuan mengeluarkannya daripada perangkap ekonomi mundur dan miskin. Sekalig usia juga membantu pembangunan yang lebih berimbang antara kawasan desa-bandar atau pinggir-pusat. Sehubungan itu, pekan sempadan Tawau (Sabah) dan Nunukan (Kalimantan Timur) dijadikan sebagai kajian kes. Latar belakang sosio-ekonomi di kedua-dua pecan itu dikaji untuk menilai tahap pembangunan ekonomi masing-masing. Wujud jurang pembangunan antara Tawau dan Nunukan. Oleh itu, pelaburan di kawasan sempadan menerusi inisiatif kerajaan dan swasta adalah diperlukan untuk menjana aktiviti ekonomi rentas sempadan, misalnya menerusi pembangunan dan peluang pekerjaan. Hal ini disebabkan Tawau-Nunukan adalah pintu masuk utama ke pasaran Malaysia bagi penduduk di Kalimantan Timur dan Filipina Selatan dan sebaliknya bagi penduduk Sabah. Rubrik pembangunan di pecan sempadan akan mengambilkira pertimbangan ekonomi, di samping mengekalkan pendekatan pertahanan dan keselamatan bagi meningkatkan pembangunan ekonomi di kawasan sempadan.
PENYERTAAN KOMUNITI TEMPATAN DALAM PEMULIHARAAN EKOSISTEM SUNGAI MANSAHABAN BERASASKAN SISTEM BOMBON DI KG. MARAKAU, RANAU.
Authors: Dg Nur Fairuzzimah  , Jurry Foo
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

 Community participation in the conservation of biosphere systems based on bombon systems is important to assist in increasing the value of ecosystem services. Conservation of ecosystems is done to maintain ecosystem balance, minimize waste and prevent environmental damage. The bombon system requires the participation of the village community in particular, to assist in determining the direction and produce results throughout the implementation  of this system. Bombon is an ecosystem management method practiced by the community of Kg. Marakau in managing river resources. River ecosystems are important because there are a variety of ecosystem services for human consumption including food, medical and recreational services. Next, this study is to identify the factors and forms of community participation in the implementation of the bombon system to achieve its goals in food security, ecosystem safety and tourism products. Data were collected through interviews with active communities and observations and were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study found that the participation of local communities in the conservation of the biosphere system is active and there are three main forms of participation and community participation is influenced by the benefits from the implementation of the bombon system to the value of the ecosystem in Kg. Marakau.

 

ABSTRAK

Penyertaan komuniti dalam pemuliharaan ekosistem berasaskan sistem bombon penting untuk membantu dalam meningkatkan nilai perkhidmatan ekosistem. Pemuliharaan ekosistem dilakukan adalah untuk mengekalkan keseimbangan ekosistem, meminimumkan pembaziran dan mengelakkan kerosakan persekitaran. Sistem bombon memerlukan penyertaan komunti setempat atau komuniti kampung khususnya, bagi membantu dalam menentukan hala tuju dan menghasilkan keputusan disepanjang tempoh pelaksanaan sistem ini. Bombon merupakan kaedah pengurusan ekosistem yang diamalkan komuniti Kg. Marakau dalam menguruskan sumber sungai. Ekosistem sungai penting kerana terdapat pelbagai perkhidmatan ekosistem untuk kegunaan manusia termasuk makanan, perkhidmatan perubatan dan rekreasi. Seterusnya kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti faktor dan bentuk penyertaan komuniti dalam pelaksanaan sistem bombon bagi mencapai tujuannya dalam keselamatan makanan, kesalamatan ekosistem dan produk pelancongan.  Data dikumpul melalui temu bual terhadap komuniti aktif dan pemerhatian serta dianalisis secara diskriptif. Hasil kajian mendapati penyertaan komuniti tempatan dalam pemuliharaan sistem ekosistem adalah secara aktif dan terdapat tiga bentuk penyertaan utama dan penyertaan komuniti dipengaruhi oleh manfaat daripada pelaksana sistem bombon kepada nilai ekosistem di Kg. Marakau.
PENDEKATAN KESEIMBANGAN DAN KEADILAN DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG ADAT MASYARAKAT KIMARAGANG DI SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Jikat @ Binol Darimbang
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

 For the Kimaragang community, Customary Law has existed since human existence, it has been formed by the community itself and it is recognized by the Sabah state government before independence and after independence. The Kimaragang community is close to nature and every offense committed by its community will cause an imbalance not only to individuals, groups, but also to the villagers. Therefore it also describes the results of primary data collection studies in the field obtained directly from interview sources and secondary data obtained from past research writings to advance the theory of balance and justice in relation to moral offense in accordance with customary law of Kimaragang society: balance in deciding the sentence in the Kota Marudu Native Court; assessment of the two methods of Customary Law and restoration of justice through pardon and mediation related to serious offender offenses, interactive and two-way communication are also discussed. In this paper also discussed the implications of customary policy as an approach of balance and restoration of justice to provide the well -being of justice to victims, offenders and society.

 

ABSTRAK

 Bagi masyarakat Kimaragang Undang-undang Adat sudah ada sejak manusia ada, ia telah dibentuk oleh masyarakat itu sendiri dan ianya diiktiraf oleh kerajaan negeri Sabah sebelum merdeka dan selepas merdeka. Masyarakat Kimaragang dekat dengan alam dan setiap kesalahan yang ditimbulkan oleh masyarakatnya akan menyebabkan ketidak seimbangan bukan sahaja kepada individu, kumpulan, juga kepada penduduk kampung. Oleh kerana itu ia juga menggambarkan hasil kajian pengumpulan data primer di lapangan  yang diperolehi secara langsung dari sumber temubual dan data sekunder yang diperolehi hasil tulisan kajian yang lalu untuk memajukan teori keseimbangan dan keadilan berhubung dengan kesalahan moral selaras dengan undang-undang adat masyarakat Kimaragang: keseimbangan dalam memutuskan hukuman di Mahkamah Anak Negeri Kota Marudu; penilaian terhadap dua kaedah Undang-Undang Adat dan pemulihan keadilan melalui pengampunan dan pengantaraan berkaitan dengan kesalahan pesalah serius, komunikasi interaktif dan dua hala juga dibincangkan. Dalam tulisan ini juga dibincangkan implikasi dasar adat sebagai pendekatan keseimbangan dan pemulihan keadilan untuk memberi kesejahteraan keadilan kepada mangsa, pesalah dan masyarakat.
IMPAK AKTIVITI PELANCONGAN KE ATAS KOMUNITI SETEMPAT: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
Authors: James Jessica , Hussin Rosazman
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

 The writing of this article is based on literature reviews in discussing the issue of the impact of tourism activities on the local community in the Malaysian context recently. There are many tourism activities that have been conducted by tour operators whether they are local community members or investors from outside the villages or residences. In circumstances, tourism activities involve the local community members directly whether as entrepreneurs or employees. Therefore, this article attempts to understand the impact of tourism activities on the local community in terms of economic, social, cultural, and environmental aspects. Currently, there is a growing trend in the development of tourism activities in urban and rural areas.  These trends had a clear impact on the local communities near the tourist area. The main data collection method for writing up this article was obtained through secondary data resources such as the journal article online, conference papers, reference books, and theses. The findings of the reviews indicate that tourism development in Malaysia recently has had a positive impact rather than a negative one particular before the time of Movement Control Order (MCO) Covid 19. This is because many local community members realized that tourism activities or industry would benefit them in terms of income generated and would uplift their quality of everyday life status and conditions.

 

ABSTRAK

Penulisan artikel ini adalah berasaskan tinjauan literatur dalam membincangkan isu impak aktiviti pelancongan yang dijalankan oleh pengusaha-pengusaha pelancongan dari luar tetapi beroperasi dalam kawasan pelancongan yang berhampiran dengan kampung atau penempatan komuniti setempat di Malaysia. Aktiviti pelancongan tersebut dalam situasi tertentu memberi impak ke atas ahli komuniti setempat secara langsung samada sebagai pengusaha ataupun pekerja. Penulisan artikel ini cuba untuk memahami isu impak pelancongan ke atas komuniti setempat samada dari aspek ekonomi, sosial, budaya, serta alam sekitar berdasarkan sumber data tinjauan lietratur. Pada masa ini, dapat dilihat ‘trend’ pembangunan sektor dan aktiviti pelancongan semakin meningkat di kawasan bandar serta luar bandar. Keadaan ini telah memberi impak jelas samada positif mahupun negatif terhadap komuniti berhampiran atau dalam kawasan pelancongan tersebut. Kaedah kutipan  data  artikel ini adalah berasaskan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui artikel jurnal, sumber atas talian (internet), kertas kerja persidangan dan tesis. Hasil kajian literatur ini menunjukan bahawa perkembangan pesat pelancongan di Malaysia terutama sebelum fasa Perentah Kawalan Pergerakan Covid 19 memberi kesan positif yang lebih ketara berbanding kesan negatif ke atas komuniti setempat. Ini kerana ramai ahli komuniti setempat samada di bandar dan di luar bandar menyedari bahawa pelancongan merupakan aktiviti ekonomi yang boleh menjana pendapatan dan meningkatkan kualiti taraf hidup mereka.
New Mitochondrial CO1 Haplotypes and Genetic Diversity in the Honeybee Apis Koschevnikovi of The Crocker Range Park, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Suka Takeshi , Tanaka Hiroyuki
Published: February 2023

The distribution of the Saban honeybee,
A New Species of Kenyirus (Pulmonata, Camaenidae) from Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Foon Junn Kitt , Tan Siong Kiat , Clements Gopalasamy Reuben
Published: February 2023

We describe a new land snail species of the family Camaenidae from the Belum-Temengor Forest Complex in the State of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. Kenyirus sheema, sp. nov., is compared with its congener Kenyirus sodhii (Clements & Tan, 2012), which shares similar conchological characteristics such as a depressed apex, convex base, sub-triangular peristome, angulated lip periphery and partially-covered umbilicus through columellar margin dilation. The shell of the new species differs from K. sodhii by being more globular, having rounded whorls with a less prominent peripheral keel and a distinctly rostrate outer lip is absent.
Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Four Species of Bamboo Genus Schizostachyum
Authors: Vairappan Charles Santhanaraju , Nagappan Thilahgavani , Hui Liow Ting , Kulip Julius
Published: February 2023

Volatile chemical constituents of four species of local bamboo (Schizostachyum blumei Nees., Schizostachyum brachycladum Nees., Schizostachyum lima (Blanco) Merrill and Schizostachyum pilosum S.Dransf.) were investigated. The oils were obtained from bamboo culm through steam distillation and profiled using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A total of 59 volatile constituents were identified, and these contained oxygenated sesquiterpene, Î±-elemol (8.2~21.1 %), coumaran (6.7~32.3 %), guaiacol-4-vinyl (0.6~0.9 %), palmitic acid (1.5~25.6 %), pentacosane (0.1~0.2 %), phytol (1.0~12.6 %), phytol acetate (0.5~1.7 %) and trans-squalene (0.2~1.6 %) consistently in the specimens studied. Based on the observation, S. pilosum exhibited wider diameter of inhibition against Escherchia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to the other species of Schizostachyum essential oil.
SRAP Markers Based Genetic Analysis of Silene Species
Authors: Bargish Tahereh Aghaee , Rahmani Fatemeh
Published: February 2023

Plant genetic resources are an essential part of the worldâ€™s natural resources, and knowledge of genetic diversity and its distribution is essential for plant conservation. In the present work, the genetic variation was studied among thirteen species of Silene genus. Samples were collected from different locations of West Azarbijan and Khorasan provinces in Iran. This investigation, for the first time, has studied sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker to assess the genetic diversity and genetic similarity among 13 species of Silene in Iran. These species belonge to eight sections including Sclerocalycinae, Melandriforms, Lychnidiforms, Inflatae, Lasiocalycinae, Spergolifoliae, Auriculatae and Conoimorpha. Fifteen SRAP primer combinations generated 62 fragments, of which 46 (71.90 %) were polymorphic. Percentage of polymorphism ranged from 50 % to a maximum of 100 % and Jaccardâ€™s similarity coefficient ranged from 0.48 to 0.91. Minimum Evolution analysis revealed four main clusters. The study indicates that SRAP markers with targeting ORFs, high reproducibility and optimal marker distribution could be good candidates for assessing genetic variation in Silene.
Ethnobotanical Study of Sasak Ethnic, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Rahayu Mulyati , Rustiami Himmah , . Rugayah
Published: February 2023

The ethnobotany study of the Sasak ethnic group who live in three villages in East Lombok, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara is intended to reveal their knowledge about the diversity of useful plants including their utilization. This study was conducted through interviews and direct observation. The study recorded 103 species of plants which were used as food, traditional medicine, natural dyes and woven handicrafts. Plants collected were mostly from the wild and some were domesticated. Interviews showed that these days local communities rarely use uncultivated plants as food sources.
Brief Mist-netting and Update of New Record of Bats at Tumunong Hallu in Silam Coast Conservation Area (SCCA), Lahad Datu, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Pounsin Grace , Lagundi Simon , Azhar Isham , Abdullah Mohd. Tajuddin
Published: February 2023

A bat survey was conducted at Tumunong Hallu in Silam Coast Conservation Area (SCCA), Lahad Datu, Sabahfollowing the Silam Scientific Expedition 2015 from 7th July until 5th August 2015. A total of nine bat species belonging to two families were captured at SCCA. Among the noteworthy species recorded from this survey were Rhinolophus sedulus and Pteropus vampyrus, which are listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List.
A Note on Selliguea murudensis (C. Chr.) Parris (Polypodiaceae), a New Record of Fern for Mount Alab, Crocker Range Park, Sabah
Authors: Majuakim Luiza , Anthony Florina
Published: February 2023

A rare fern species, Selliguea murudensis was found in the lower montane forest of Mount Alab. The species was previously observed in several localities, on Mount Kinabalu in Sabah and on Mount Mulu and Mount Murud in Sarawak. Mount Alab is the second locality of Selliguea murudensis to be recorded in Sabah, making it a new record for Mount Alab. Coincidentally, this was also the first record of the species to occur in higher altitude at 1,725 - 1900 m asl. The species is an epiphytic fern and was found growing on the trunk of a fallen tree. A single elongated fertile frond was observed with one series of sori on either side of the midvein. It thrives in cool, moist and shaded environment with air temperature and relative humidity of 15.5 Â± 0.6 o C and 99.0 Â± 2.1 %, respectively. The fern is believed to occur in abundance at Mount Alab and in the other localities of its limited distribution.
Diversity and Geographical Ranges of Insects in Crocker Range Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Chung Arthur Y. C. , Bosuang Steven , Majapun Richard , Nilus Reuben
Published: February 2023

An insect diversity survey was carried out in May, 2011 in the Crocker Range Forest Reserve. This is a Class VI Forest Reserve (Virgin Jungle Reserve), gazetted in 1967 and then regazetted in 1984. It comprises an area of 3,279 ha. The nocturnal insect diversity was very high, with an average of 148 insect species from 207 individuals in a square metre of the light-trapping cloth. The mean Shannon, Simpson and Fisher Alpha indices are Hâ€™ = 4.77 (>3.0), D = 322.49 and S = 417.04 respectively. Apart from having the highest diversity of nocturnal insects in all the 20 forest reserves surveyed within the Heart of Borneo area in Sabah, it has also recorded a number of endemic species. Some beetles are hyper-endemics, such as Cyclommatus chewi, Odontolabis schenki and Odontolabis katsurai (all Lucanidae beetles) which are found only in Mt. Alab of the Crocker Range F.R. At least 10 butterfly species are known to be confined to the Crocker Range, including the Kinabalu Tiger, Parantica crowleyi, which was sampled during the survey. A stick insect, Orthonecrosia felix, was recorded and it is only confined to the Crocker Range. New species are still being described. Such interesting scientific insect data from this survey and also from past records support the need to enhance biodiversity conservation in this Virgin Forest Reserve. In view of the high diversity and intriguing insect fauna, Crocker Range F.R. has potential in nature tourism for special interest tourists who contribute to Sabahâ€™s economy. A private initiative, Kipandi Park set up adjacent to the forest reserve, not only showcases the diversity of insects in Sabah but is also doing its part in studying the life cycle of rare and endemic insects which contributes towards insect conservation. The park also cooperates with government agencies in promoting conservation of biodiversity. In this paper, some of the issues pertaining to insect diversity and conservation are discussed.
Nest density of the Black-and-Red Broadbill (Cymbirhynchus macrorhyncos) along the Kinabatangan River, in Relation to Riverine Habitat Reduction
Authors: Van Kolfschoten Lisette , Selveno Salani , Stark Danica J. , Schilthuizen Menno
Published: February 2023

In Borneo, the forest type that supports the largest number of species, the tropical lowland rainforest, is decreasing rapidly. To estimate what is the general effect of this habitat degradation and loss on birds, this study looks at the easily visible Black-and-Red Broadbill nests that were surveyed along the Kinabatangan river in eastern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, and answers the following questions: (i) what is the current density of the population of the Black-and-Red Broadbill between Batu Putih and Bilit, along the Kinabatangan river, (ii) is the abundance of nests correlated with the surrounding habitat type (forest or disturbed area), and (iii) do Black-and-Red Broadbills need and/or use the riparian zone at the riverbank for nesting sites. During this study, a 55.6 kilometre river transect was surveyed for 3 days, and nests that were found were recorded. This study found that Black-and-Red Broadbills nests were significantly more often located in areas with a higher proportion of forest habitat type (compared to disturbed habitat type). Furthermore, this study shows that Black-and-Red Broadbills need branches and sticks at the riverâ€™s edge to build their nest on, so they are profiting from the riparian zones along the river. Therefore we recommend enhancement of nesting opportunity by artificially providing above-water nesting sites along the river edge.