bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH REGARDING FACEBOOK INFLUENCE OVER THE BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS
Authors: Dobrescu Andra , Radu Anamariacatalina , Stoica Ivona , Orzan Mihai
Published: February 2023

Recently, technological development activity has increased the number of users of the social networks. Many young people have created their own accounts at these sites from the desire to communicate with many people in the same time,. Over time, social networks were not just a communication tool, which offer users a number of benefits such as: the possibility to relax, the entertainment opportunity, the ability to assimilate a lot of information, etc. Some social networks do not use different criteria for selecting future members, while other networks are characterized by the selection of persons based on the language they know, issues of racial, sexual, religious or according to the criterion of nationality. Moreover, there is another difference recorded in the social networks in terms of how they incorporate new information and communication tools such as mobile connectivity, blog and sharing photos and / or videos. From the educational perspective, social networks have become in recent years a very useful tool in school activities. For example, if students wish to conduct research in the educational unit of which they were aimed not only have to access the official websites related to those institutions on social media platforms. The study presented in this paper highlight how social networks influence the behavior of their students. To achieve the objectives referred in the paper, a quantitative study was conducted on a sample of 128 respondents. Information obtained from this analysis were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.
Keywords: online marketing; educational marketing; social networks; web tools and technologies.
WHENEVER, WHEREVER OR... IN THE CLASSROOM ONLY? E-LEARNING -BASED EVALUATION IN MATHEMATICS: INCREASED FLEXIBILITY VERSUS MEETING ETHICS STANDARDS
Authors: Grosu Corina , Grosu Marta
Published: February 2023

A crucial element in teaching Mathematics, either using the classical approach or the e-learning methodology, is the issue of the chosen type of evaluation. Knowledge acquisition and capability of using it in new contexts are the key aspects an adequate revision test would need to verify. Online evaluation systems give the student the opportunity to choose the space and the moment when they take the test, thus enabling them to achieve better mental preparation, increased focus and concentration and most often, overall better results. Nevertheless, it seems that a teacher can accurately judge over the capability of performing a logical argumentation only in a class given traditional paper-based test. In order to depart from such an approach and advocate for incorporating modern forms of examination in a traditional teaching first year university course in Mathematics, we have initialized a large consultation with the beneficiaries, namely the students. The questionnaire we developed and some of the surprising conclusions our research revealed are the main elements on which this paper is based. Since our aim was to cover a wide range of problems related to the design & administration of an online test, students from two different series were asked to provide 5 reasons for using an online testing, along with 5 reasons against this type of testing. In order to stimulate students in giving innovative pro or against reasons, those who made original contributions were publicly praised in the discussion which followed the completion of the initial questionnaire.
The problems raised by students can be grouped in three main categories: technical and software problems, design and implementation issues, and environmental, as well as adaptation and accommodation aspects. Nevertheless these different problems appear to have different weights in students' perception. As such, second in importance, but present in all answers, was the concern for unethical practices and fraud. We are thus considering possible strategies and suggestions aiming at stopping or at least diminishing such practices. Issues such as whether stricter anti-fraud guidelines would decrease the test's accessibility and possible ways of achieving a balance between student's desire for more flexibility and essential evaluation criteria such as fairness and accuracy are also discussed in the present paper.
DIDACTIC COMMUNICATION IN THE ONLINE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ionita Mirela , Pastae Veronica
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Didactic communication is the explanatory dimension of pedagogical communication, and is characterized by its specific goal of facilitating the transfer of knowledge. Thus, the contents are not stated and explained in their purely scientific form: instead, they are rephrased so as to be understood by their recipients, according to certain cognitive and psychological parameters, and are structured following the principles of pedagogical logic. Psychopedagogical communication underlies the formal educational process, and it entails the sharing of didacticized information with educational purposes, irrespective of the contents, levels, forms, or partners involved in it.
The characteristic features of didactic communication in the virtual environment result from the specific character of e- learning. The teacher has a much lower profile in online learning, in comparison to the classical, face-to-face system. Without losing one's authority, the teacher actually takes over the tasks of a moderator, who guides the activities towards effectively reaching the educational goals. Student-centered learning promotes the active participation of students in the process of instruction. As far as e-learning is concerned, didactic communication keeps the convergence, asymmetry, and interactivity parameters; however, these take on a different configuration,which can also be noticed in the different typology of malfunctions that can occur within the e-learning process.
It is obvious that didactic communication within the virtual environment is not achieved directly, as in traditional learning; instead, it is reached through mediation, which means that there inevitably is incomplete communication, as both the nonverbal and paraverbal components, so critical to the emotional learning motivation provided by a committed teacher, are lacking. To make up for this are the digital resources, no less attractive, or effective. The fascinating ways of introducing various contents, as well as the countless possibilities for interaction provided by e-learning, are a viable substitute for digital natives, in terms of human interaction; even so, the teacher's pedagogical qualities cannot be brought into question.
The mediated feedback within online learning can be considered more objective, as it has digital support, and therefore fulfils the self-regulating function of the educational act in a more comprehensive manner, having an impact on both the didactic act proper, and the means, and instruction methods implemented.
Making didactic communication meet the requirements of learning in the virtual environment, particularly the psycho-cognitive premises of the actors involved in the formal educational process, has been an ongoing concern for both educators, and educational soft developers, since it is uniquely the convergence of the two directions, that can ensure the effectiveness of e-learning methods.
DIGITAL LITERACY - ANALYZES AND SUGGESTS CROSS-CURRICULAR TEST MODELS
Authors: Samarescu Nicoleta
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Digital literacy - analyzes and suggests cross-curricular test models
The present study, which is the basis of an extensive research, intends to obtain the key skills using the new technologies for the children enrolled in the development cycle - grade 3 - 4 in the Romanian system or key stage 2(QCDA - Qualification and Curriculum Development Agency), thereby strengthening the idea that "the world requires digital literacy of the children for a total participation in the society" (The Scottish Curriculum for Excellence).
The article chronologically goes through the European Council decisions on digital literacy, analyzes and suggests cross-curricular test models aimed at acquiring basic skills: skill to communicate information, information handling skill, skill of ICT management, skill of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) evaluation (Basic Concepts of Information Technology Microsoft Windows XP, Office software, Communication)).
Given the rapid evolution of technology in all areas, as future citizens, students must obtain the skills needed throughout the school in many situations, such as financial information consulting, calendar statistics in tables, charts, graphs, the reading of monetary transactions, interest calculation etc.
To cover many such concepts, PISA (Key Competencies from Eurydice European Unit) tests use a digital literacy that relate to students' capacity to select appropriate sources, finding information, classification and verification in order to interpret information, how to develop and refine ideas by collecting, organizing and reorganizing text, charts, pictures,cognitiv map, organizer, sound, animation(Basic Concepts of Information Technology Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Office, Communication tools).ICT offers opportunities for: critical thinking, creativity, communication, problem solving, responsibility, synthesizing information, collaboration, self motivation.
ERDF PROJECTS - STARTING POINT TO IMPROVE ICT SKILLS AND DIGITAL LITERACY - STUDY CASE GROWTH POLE BRASOV
Authors: Catana Aida
Published: February 2023

The programmig period 2007-2013 provides a lot of opportunities to build the framework for future intervention in oder to address the topics relevant for Europe 2020. The lack of the ICT skills and digital literacy are the main problems faced by different people looking for a job or for a better connection. The local administrative units form Romania are implementing projects financed both by ESF and ERDF in 2007-2013 programming period aiming both the improvement of the local educational infrastructure and quality of the educational process. In 2008 , growth poles were established in Romania as cores for urban development in compliance with European and national policies and they include an urban nucleus and its rural surroundings. The ERDF financed project in these units could play an essential role in increasing ICT skills for local people and digital literacy as a premise for a better quality of life. The growth pole Brasov has an important project portofolio that could be a starting point to overcome the lack of digital skills. Brasov growth pole study case will present the main projects which are implemented by the local authorities as members of the association managing the growth pole and the future perspective for eLearning activities as well as e-business and e-Government activities. The real challenge for local public authorities will be how to assure an effective management of the these centers in order to provide relevant content for the consumers taking into account the specific assignments of local public authorities. In addition to educational infrastructure and local objectives in line with EU Digital Agenda, an effective management is needed.
CLOUD COMPUTING - AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION FOR E-LEARNING PLATFORMS
Authors: Suicimezov Natalia
Published: February 2023

In its short, but prosperous life cycle, the cloud has always been a source of inspiration and an engine of growth, in aspects of knowledge and nurturing information. Today's society is substantially focused on expanding the boundaries of knowledge and delivering correct, adapted ways of transferring the corpus of knowledge to the beneficiaries, be they students, trainers or business involved participants. It is considered that information is correct when it covers specific needs, when it is delivered on time and in a relevant context. The ways in which these characteristics are covered translate the channels through which information arrives at the destination, customised after each learner. Cloud computing and E-learning will follow the development trend of computational science in general, and information systems and technologies in specific. If we add limited costs, scalable operations and unlimited resources to this equation, we are closely entering the realm of the cloud. In other words, the cloud brings good news for the modern learner, almost limitless possibilities to the e-learning systems and great expectations in terms of the dynamics of knowledge.
This paper introduces the characteristics of the E-Learning, analyse the concept of cloud computing and describes the architecture of cloud computing platform by combining the features of E-Learning. The author tried to introduce cloud computing to E-learning and to develop an active research and exploration for E-learning platforms in Cloud starting from the following aspects: architecture, construction method and external interface with the model.
Let's face it, clouds pave the way for a sunny future.
FROM CLASSIC MATH SCHOOL BOOKS TO INTERACTIVE GAMIFIED ELEARNING
Authors: Butean Alex , Moldoveanu Alin , Morar Anca
Published: February 2023

Technology has reached a level most people could not even imagine a couple of decades ago. "eLearning" has become a hot topic all over the world. However, in many countries, including Romania ,the educational system has not evolved the same way as technology. In most elementary and middle schools, the educational process does not differ much from the one established ten or even twenty years ago. Many students have access to smartphones, tablets, laptops, but they still use traditional paper textbooks and solve classical problems exercises in school. We propose an improvement to the current education system, which solves some major issues in the actual socio-economic context: a modern eLearning interactive math platform. Our team, composed of renowned math teachers and dedicated researchers in the technical field, has developed an online math platform for 5th grade pupils, characterized by attractiveness, interaction, animation, student-centered learning, gamification and originality. A pilot experiment with students from "Cantemir-Voda" National College of Bucharest, Romania, has proven the quality and benefits of such an interactive manual. This paper presents the challenges encountered by our team throughtout the platform development, the pilot experiment, with feedback coming both from students and teachers, as well as some ideas for future exploitation, popularization and integration in the Romanian learning system, in order to achieve large scale performance in education. The last section of the paper highlights the idea that gamified and interactive learning is very intuitive and helpful for students nowadays, and represents the future for a better education system.
MODERN COMMUNICATIONS MODULES IN ELEARNING SYSTEMS
Authors: Daniela Hrimiuc , Gagiu Adrian , Petrica Ciotirnae
Published: February 2023

Modern communication is an accessible way of interacting people from all over the world because communication is used in all the activities of our daily life. Communication is a process of transferring information from one person to another using a medium in which the exchanged information is understood by both parties.
The term of E-learning refers to all internet-based education, which could be anything from a simple lecture for students or a full distance learning course to a part of a mandatory business training.
Latest the web has been used by schools and universities as a means of distributing audiovisual material and course documentation. Some people think the main thrust of e-learning should be to provide free education to disadvantaged people worldwide who don't have access to university. Sometimes it is easier to achieve a one-on-one teaching experience online than in a crowded classroom. Also, online forums and communities allow users to discuss problems in real time with fellow students stuck on the same issue.
There are several benefits to e-learning such as it is cost effective and saves time by reducing the time taken away from the office, by reducing the amount of printed materials, removing travel costs and increase workplace productivity. The users can complete the course when and where they like, because they don't need to travel to specific training centers. It's a discreet system and makes everybody feels comfortable learning in a small group, especially if they find something hard to understand that co-workers have no problem with.
The purpose of this study is to improve the eLearning system by adding two modern communications modules. The first module of synchronous collaboration introduces two new concepts: videoconferencing and web seminars with the purpose of allowing real-time communication. The second module of notification and information is based on an PBX enabling VoIP communications (email to sms).
THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF USING THE BLOGS
Authors: Nicoleta Duta , Cano Elena
Published: February 2023

This article emphasizes the importance of using the new technologies to of university education. Purpose of the study is to present our experiences about using blogs in higher education. Concretely, at the universities of Barcelona (Spain) and Bucharest (Romania). There is no doubt that the emergence of technologies in universities has represented a paradigm change in teaching and an important methodology. The two projects an observed the improvement of the student motivation with the experience and how the use of blogs can deepen the contents of matter and develop certain skills such as digital competence and reflective capacity. However, experience also enables determine lines of future research to enable precisely what features should of having the blog for achieving improving competition thoughtful analysis and / or what can be the role of peers to give formative feedback. The use of ICT in university teaching practice is contemplated as a necessity facing the adaptation to the European Higher Education Area. The implementation of the EHEA has involved great challenges in higher education; particularly challenging is a rethinking of teaching methodology, which centers the objective in the process of active learning and of the student continued where technologies have an important role. The use of ICT in university teaching practice is seen as a necessity facing the adaptation to the European Higher Education Area. Technological development and new forms of communication forced to the university institution to reconsider educational practice. The digital technologies of information and communication are having a growing role in university educational processes, demanding setting up new spaces and learning environments and new roles and job roles in teachers.
NEW ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Radescu Radu , Ismail Birkan , Pupezescu Valentin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to present the process of designing and developing a dynamic interface for an archaeological management system, with advanced possibilities of viewing, adding and modifying standardized sheets, created at a certain place, based on the coordinates extracted from the map.

The main goal of the paper is to present the conception and implementing of the archeological management platform, along with the functionalities behind the composing elements and the classes which help in the process of data manipulation and database connections. This developing process also involved the integration of three modules. The developing process of these modules was based on the Three Layer Architecture and every one of the modules was designed separately.
The database is the foundation of this project, because without it the main functionalities of this website wouldn't work. It was developed using the SQL scripting language with the help of the Microsoft SQL Server 2012 development kit.
The initial design of its components was based on a standardized model of an analytical sheet of inventory, provided by the Architecture, Restoration and Archaeology Association. This analytical sheet is a standardized version which contains certain characteristic information associated with the archaeological site.
The second module which help to the creation of this project is represented by the map, developed with the help of the Google Maps API.
The technology provided by Google is highly complex, it offers us a lot of customizable functionalities, extensive documentation and the process of adding new functionalities is possible with the help of JavaScript in a relative simple way.
The integration of the map within the interface it's possible with the help of a simple link-based reference, in order to get the needed data from the Google servers. Within this link, we have to summon a key, dynamically created in connection with our specified account. This is called an API key and its usage is that of counting the information traffic. If a certain traffic limit is reached or surpassed it is supposed that the application is not used in personal means and thus certain payroll may apply.
In order to use the existing functions or overwrite them, we have to include another link referral to a JavaScript file, where some of the functionalities were already added by a teammate.
Completion of this project involved passing through all the stages related to the development of a suitable software product, from its use planning, maintenance and creation of appropriate documentation, involving theoretical knowledge, technology and development.
The original contribution of the papers consists in its interdisciplinary nature, given the scope of platform developed, able to provide deepen related information, closely related to the archeology, history and cultural heritage study. The application is in its prototype version and has great potential as a major exploit in the future.
INTERACTIVE VISUALISER WITH AUDIO FOR CYSTIC FIBROSIS EDUCATION.
Authors: Vagg Tamara , Plant Barry , Tabirca Sabin , Eustace Joe
Published: February 2023

Despite the growth of e-learning, its methods have yet to be incorporated into all educational modules within the discipline of medicine. As such, its integration into some educational methods for the study of complex diseases may benefit both students and trainees. In particular, the strategies demonstrated in blended, multimedia and web-based interactive platforms may enhance its overall communication.

Cystic Fibrosis is a complex genetic disease which affects various parts of the body. These effects prove difficult to communicate through the written form alone and visual media elements are often incorporated to encourage a better understanding. However this foundational understanding of the disease has the potential to be enhanced further through the utilisation of e-learning techniques.

In this paper, current content and resources in the field of e-learning for the disease Cystic Fibrosis and other complex lung diseases are compared and interrogated for possible areas of improvement and expansion. It was found that there was a lack of e-learning visualisers and simulators that demonstrated the mucus effects caused by Cystic Fibrosis within the lungs. As such, a Cystic Fibrosis visualiser and simulator was created using both 3D and web technologies and presented to medical students for evaluation.

It was found that the visualiser aided in initial primary understanding of the mucus effects on the lungs, however, it was also found that it could not be used for further advanced teaching without improvements. In this way, it was established that the visualiser, in its simplicity, could be used to educate patients and families about Cystic Fibrosis mucus effects on the lungs.
ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY IN DISTRIBUTED DATABASES
Authors: Pupezescu Valentin
Published: February 2023

The Knowledge Discovery in Distributed Databases is the process of extracting useful information from a collection of data stored in distributed databases. A distributed database is a collection of data replicated over a number of different computers. The best suited structures for working with distributed databases are the Distributed Committee-Machines. Distributed Committee-Machines are a combination of neural networks that work in a distributed manner as a group in order to obtain better performance than individual neural networks in solving data mining tasks inside the KDD process. In this paper I aim to study the interaction between Distributed Committee-Machines and distributed databases. The process of replication on multiple machines can become very slow once the number of the machines from the replication topology grows. Such behaviour is explicable because of the complex software that is used in real implementations of the replication process in order to make available the same data on multiple machines. Because of this situation, working with Distributed Committee-Machines in a distributed environment can be very problematic. In this paper I propose a design that overcomes those disadvantages and a new type of approach in storing the neural networks. The developed system stores the entire neural network in a real relational databases. All the neural structures that were used were multilayer perceptrons trained with the backpropagation algorithm.
The non-optimized architecture has the disadvantage of writing all the results on the master system. All the data (TR - training set, TS - testing set, results) are duplicated on each slave machine. This working methods it's time consuming because of the internal functioning of the replication process. With this system, the distributed speedup is below one.
The optimized DCM structure eliminates the problems inherited from replication by writing all the result locally in special tables that won't be replicated on all the distributed machines. Whenever the neural networks finds an optimal result, the neural network will write in the database all the important parameters. Here I used also a new approach which consists of storing the entire neural network in the table as BLOB (Binary Large Object) object. The method can be beneficial also in new types of eLearning technics such as the adaptive eLearning method that uses neural networks.
With the optimized design of DCM structures the speedup in all the experiments is almost equal with the number of distributed machines that were used.
ONTOLOGY BASED EMOTION DETECTION TRAINING TOOL
Authors: Cernian Alexandra , Olteanu Adriana
Published: February 2023

Humans are a complex, emotion-driven machinery. When we communicate, we use not only words, but we also communicate through our body. In fact, we communicate 7% through verbal communication (words), 38% through para-verbal communication (voice) and 55% through nonverbal communication (body language, facial expression). Each emotion is instantly reflected on our faces through micro expressions, which are very short changes mainly on the eyes, lips, nose, chin, eyebrows, and forehead lines. Psychologists have been preoccupied with the universality of emotions and have identified 7 basic human emotions: fear, anger, sadness, surprise, happiness, disgust and contempt.
This paper presents the design and implementation of a training tool for facial expressions detection and interpretation. The application is based on an ontological representation of human emotions and micro expressions. Each emotion is associated with specific changes at facial level, visible for a few micro seconds in the eyes, chin, forehead, nose, eyebrows and mouth. The application is completed with a user interface, where users can test their competencies in detecting human emotions based on facial expressions. The user can upload a photo, analyze it and identify specific facial features and his interpretation regarding the emotions of the person in the photo. The application interrogates the ontology and extracts the emotion displayed and compares it against the user's answer, providing the user with feedback regarding his performance.
The application can be integrated into e-learning systems and can help develop human interaction and emotion detection abilities through effective training. Emotion recognition training will lead to improved results in deception detection and has direct impact in fraud detection and security, forensics, psychology, as well as organizational and interpersonal communication processes.
ONTOLOGY ENGINEERING AND E-LEARNING SYSTEMS
Authors: Niculescu Cristina , Ionita Angela
Published: February 2023

Ontology Engineering and E-learning Systems

by Cristina NICULESCU and Angela IONI??

Ontology engineering has become an effective methodology for knowledge representation and management in many fields of information science, such as cooperative information systems, intelligent integration of information extraction and information retrieval, knowledge representation systems, database management systems and e-learning systems. It allows being a bridge between human knowledge and knowledge bases. Ontology engineering covers a range of activities that are performed during the conceptualization, design, implementation and development of ontologies.
Ontologies in intelligent educational systems can be approached from several points of view: as a common vocabulary for a multi-agent system, as a chain of different heterogeneous educational systems, ontologies for sharing pedagogical resources, or for sharing data and ontologies used in search mediation on the Internet of learning materials.
Ontologies can be used to model educational domains and to build, organize and update specific learning resources: learning objects, learner profiles, learning paths, etc.
One of our use cases concerns a system that uses structured descriptions of measuring instruments existent in an academic laboratory, for generating Web pages with guidelines regarding students' practical work. The combination between a general learning ontology and one specific to the studied domain can leverage students' capability to understand the new lessons, and create the habit to rigorously use the dedicated taxonomy and to perceive the relationships between concepts.
The other use case aims to implement an ontology for personalized e-learning environment that facilitates the sharing and reuse of e-learning materials. ADL SCORM v1.3 application profile was selected to describe the metadata of digital learning materials.
MODELS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MAKING ASPECTS OF THE DOSIMETRY EDUCATION ACCESSIBLE TO NON-SPECIALISTS
Authors: Olteanu Adriana , Ionita Anca daniela , Budu Andrei , Moraru Dominic , Prisecaru Ilie
Published: February 2023

Web technologies allow one to have access to educational resources previously reserved to small groups of people, but this also questions whether specialized knowledge can be understood at a large scale. In the domain of nuclear energy, we propose an educational experiment that considers very specialized measuring devices for differentiation
and detection of radiation sources, and introduces a modeling framework capable to describe them in a generic way, accessible to non-specialists, who may also be interested in the field due to the presence of industrial hazards in their geographical area. The representation is made at a high level of abstraction and it introduces a view driven by a general taxonomy of the measuring instruments, which also facilitates the integration of measured data
into a common database, to be further used for processing and visualization. All the involved steps, from the instrument-specific configuration, to the presentation of the educational materials and the data management activities, are supported by a Web interface and may be used in distance or blended learning environments.

Our study concerns the gamma scintillation probe SG-2, one of the tools used in gamma spectrometry applications, mainly in determining the nature and activity for unknown sources of radiation. For the Nuclear Power Plants Department in the Power Engineering Faculty of the Politehnica University of Bucharest, the Radiation Dosimetry course is one of the main courses included in the curricula for the Nuclear Power Engineering and Technologies and the Environmental
Engineering majors. Beyond the academic scope, we are also interested of understanding such instruments for the assessment of territorial vulnerabilities induced by nuclear facilities, for creating awareness, early warning and decision support.
ON USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN REENGINEERING A SOFTWARE RELIABILITY COURSE FOR UBIQUITOUS LEARNING
Authors: Popentiu vladicescu Florin , Albeanu Grigore
Published: February 2023

Reengineering Science becomes a major goal to support high quality education in the new Information and Communication Technology millennium. Ubiquitous learning becomes a real life necessity. The new gadgets used by students provide access to Servers offering large resources to be used both for entertainment and education. Recently, technical education makes use of new ICT developments. Not only virtual laboratories but accessing resources available on "clouds" are real facts. This paper considers a course in Software Reliability Engineering in order to describe the usage of new technologies to provide a resource available to users connected to servers supporting various formats. Mobile learning is also supported for the mentioned course. The course describes not only fundamentals of the Reliability Engineering, but it presents software reliability models, computer aided software reliability tools (CASRE, SREPT, Frestimate), and case studies. The following formats available to students: HTML5, EPUB and MOBI (to mention only specific formats for ubiquitous learning) make use of various types of objects: text, equations, images, and video. These artifacts were obtained by processing a previous course written in "Microsoft Word" with multimedia attached resources. Old multimedia files will be converted to be embedded in the new formats. Preliminary references: 1. Florin Popentiu-Vladicescu, Software Reliability Engineering, Debrecen, 2012. 2. Albeanu G., Internet Programming Techniques, e-Learning course, Lumina University, 2014. 3. Albeanu G., Popentiu-Vladicescu Fl., On Designing Learning Objects for a Software Reliability Engineering Course, Vol. 1, pp. 105-110, eLSE 2011. 4. Lyu M.R. (ed.) Handbook ofsoftware reliability engineering, McGraw Hill, 1996. 5. Musa J.D., Software Reliability Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1999.
GRAPHICAL VISUALIZATION OF RHETORICAL STRUCTURES IN CHATS
Authors: Allaymoun Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Chat Conversations are now used for different purposes including the " Computer -Supported Collaborative Learning " (CSCL). In their analysis it is very important to identify the discourse threads and the rhetorical structures. In this paper we present an application for graphical visualization of rhetorical structures in chats. This software tool provides structured visualization and analysis of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning chats. In our application, we first use the implemented tools that are based on the ideas of Mikhail Bakhtin's dialog theory and Stefan Trausan-Matu's polyphonic model in order to analyze the chats and identify their topics and discussion threads (repeated words). In addition we identify cue phrases that are used in order to detect rhetorical schemata. As a result we determine the rhetorical relations for each one of the identified cue phrases (Conclusion, Contrast, Extending, Sequence, Explanation, etc), so that the graphics are representing the links between the threads and the cue phrases. The resulting links are differentiated by colors for easing to detect the rhetorical relation between threads. Furthermore we visualize the links between threads with cue phrases that are important for CSCL in order to analyze the involvement of students in the chat, as well as their ability to track threads into the conversation and the extent the coherence among themselves. Additionally, we shall study graphics from the application in order to generate feedback for students. We will notice that the application analyzes various chats from the K-Teams laboratory of University of Politehnica in Bucharest.
AN ATTEMPT OF DEVELOPING AN ENGLISH MILITARY COURSE ONLINE (READING)
Authors: Balagiu Alina , Zechia Dana , Patesan Marioara
Published: February 2023

Developing a course online for the military could be even more difficult than doing the same job for the civilian students because of the difficulties encountered by the author when trying to find material on different sites. It is a lengthy process because not everybody can have access to all military sites and sometimes it happens to find sites that seem to be with potential but you are not allowed to see or use them. One of the shortcomings is the dynamic of the internet where the sites appear and disappear and the links used for exercises may become useless, compromising an important part of the course and making long hours of work useless. In our opinion the teacher should make a compromise between computer-based exercises and links for internet-based exercises, in order to accomplish the goals of the course and the objectives for each part of teaching-learning session. The attempt of developing a military course is exemplified in this paper that is based on a project designed under supervision of two American teachers who guided us into discovering e-learning. Some samples of exercises of mixed skills will be shown, intended for intermediate level students but that can be also used for lower-intermediate and upper-intermediate students. Many other types of exercises can be developed if the teacher is able to find the reliable site containing the right information to be used in a one hundred minute course intended for military students.Sometimes part of the course may be used with other students, too.
INCREASING THE CAPABILITY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION FIELD USING INTEGRATED SIMULATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Badea Dorel , Marinmarian Coman , Barsan Ghita
Published: February 2023

Critical infrastructure protection has become a topic of increasing interest in military and civilian socio-professional communities and, in particular, NATO and the EU, taking in consideration that the threats addressing to security are increasingly complex. In this context, research and education are important actors in the design of advanced integrated solutions for solving the subsumed problems. Besides, in the Horizon Framework Programme 2020' content are set as areas of interest the "smart grid" critical infrastructure protection type and resilience to the "smart meters" threats type. This is the general framework related to the proposed article, with the intention that its approach to become subject for a research project in future competitions, necessity supported by the fact that Land Forces Academy is the only higher education institution organizing a postgraduate course in the field, designed in accordance with existing national occupational standards. Specifically, the paper presents a possible way ahead to be implemented for increasing the functionality of a simulation laboratory for managerial decision on critical infrastructure protection field which helps to assess key points and risks of different infrastructure systems. Primary, we appreciate the need for modeling of interactions that occur between different critical infrastructures. There are highlighted existing software in the field and it is explained the utility of the best of them to be used in relation to the objectives of taken approach. Simulated enterprise represents the same idea that produces beneficial effects in polytechnic education. Similarly, it will be replicated the structures and decision-making areas corresponding to ten types of infrastructure sectors regulated at national level and a crisis management center, aiming to ensure technical, systemic and operational interoperability for scenarios that create cascading effects. Such as, it could be provided modern opportunities for practice of the procedures, for analysis and for designing the appropriate solutions based on tools and techniques of advanced knowledge.
THE REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS IN INFORMATION AGE AND ITS IMPACT ON DEFENSE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE
Authors: Florineduard Grosaru
Published: February 2023

The swift speed of innovation along with the immediate implementation of information technology and communication have unequivocally changed the XXI century world. Hence, radical mutations in all human related areas have occurred under the influence of multinational corporations supported at state level by the new geopolitical and geoeconomic behaviors of the main world powers. Consequently, the management of the new challenges generated by the integrated processes required by the complex communications systems leads to major changes in the behavior of current organization forms. Defense establishments are no exception to this and, what is more, they may be even more sensitive to the quick transformations in technology and information despite their doctrinaire redundancy. As a result of these features and of their interplay, the concept of Revolution in Military Affairs goes through a revival. The management of defense resources, a quite recent concept compared to the latter, is an important part of the military organization and therefore is undergoes the same changes as the overall establishment. One important goal of decision making factors in this respect is the optimization of defense resources as a result of the features underlying the expenditures made for national defense.
All of the above are arguments underpinning the current endeavor that seeks to identify the main aspects triggered by the impact of the current revolution in military affairs in information age on defense resources management performance. Moreover, what is worth underlining is that the current Revolution in Information Affairs is based on the transformation and in depth modernization of the military establishment. These changes are generated by the stringent need to implement and integrate new information technologies.
SIMULATION TECHNIQUES FOR TRAINING AND COACHING OF NAVY OFFICERS IN NAVAL KINEMATICS PROBLEMS AND FLEET FORMATIONS SCENARIOS
Authors: Lupu Sergiu , Pocora Andrei , Katona Cosmin , Boseneagu Romeo
Published: February 2023

A fleet or naval fleet is a large formation of warships. Naval kinematics, as a part of navigation, is mainly used by military ships in solving problems concerning the ship movement for occupying, maintaining or changing of a position compared to a fixed or mobile point, considered as a landmark reference point, or to decide the route to take in different situations, from collision avoidance to searching hostile ships.
By adapting the principles of naval kinematics to naval battles conditions the principles of tactical maneuver of a ship or of a group of ships were generated, aiming to ensure optimal conditions for the use of weapons and combat equipment onboard, by using mathematical methods for occupying, maintaining or changing of a position to the opponent.
Naval tactics play a crucial role in modern battles and wars. ,,Mircea cel B?tr?n" Naval Academy (MBNA), using the Maritime Simulator System "Integrated simulator for driving of watercraft", does the training and coaching of navy officers in naval tactics. The training is done at initial operational level for undergraduate students to solve the clasical naval kinematic problems. The coaching is done at the managerial level for active navy officers during periodical specialized training.
Using ,,Fleet Formation" module, from the "Integrated simulator for driving of watercraft", various naval formations can be created based on several parameters such as distance between the ships in the formation, speed and the tactical diameter for the turning circle of the formation.
This paper aims is to present the rules and methods of the simulator instructors from MBNA in the process of training and coaching using the ,,Fleet Formation" module and simulated naval communications capabilities such as MF/VHF radio or International Code of Signals flags.
HOW DOES TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS' TRAINING?
Authors: Mosoiu Ovidiu , Martin Iulian
Published: February 2023

This article explores the main aspects of using technology and new methods for improving traditional training of intelligence analysts. In a global environment characterized by an unprecedented acceleration of change and an increasing degree of complexity, all members of the intelligence analysis community need the processing capacities updated with relevant scientific benchmarks, and based on learning experiences, they need the new interoperable technologies, in which more institutions or public authorities are involved. Interoperability technologies give to intelligence analysts the possibility to play a key role in shaping the processing capacity of organizations, in order to enable seamless interaction with other public authorities and clients.This article explores the main aspects of using technology and new methods for improving traditional training of intelligence analysts. In a global environment characterized by an unprecedented acceleration of change and an increasing degree of complexity, all members of the intelligence analysis community need the processing capacities updated with relevant scientific benchmarks, and based on learning experiences, they need the new interoperable technologies, in which more institutions or public authorities are involved. Interoperability technologies give to intelligence analysts the possibility to play a key role in shaping the processing capacity of organizations, in order to enable seamless interaction with other public authorities and clients.
This article explores the main aspects of using technology and new methods for improving traditional training of intelligence analysts. In a global environment characterized by an unprecedented acceleration of change and an increasing degree of complexity, all members of the intelligence analysis community need the processing capacities updated with relevant scientific benchmarks, and based on learning experiences, they need the new interoperable technologies, in which more institutions or public authorities are involved. Interoperability technologies give to intelligence analysts the possibility to play a key role in shaping the processing capacity of organizations, in order to enable seamless interaction with other public authorities and clients.intelligence, technology, interoperability, training