bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The “focus on aneurysm” principle: Classification and surgical principles of management of concurrent arterial aneurysm with arteriovenous malformation causing intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Jha Vikas , Behari Sanjay , Jaiswal Awadhesh , Bhaisora Kamlesh , Shende Yogesh , Phadke Rajendra
Published: November 2014

Context: Concurrent arterial aneurysms (AAs) occurring in 2.7-16.7% patients harboring an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) aggravate the risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Aim: We evaluate the variations of aneurysms simultaneously coexisting with AVMs. A classification-based management strategy and an abbreviated nomenclature that describes their radiological features is also proposed.
Setting: Tertiary care academic institute.
Statistics: Test of significance applied to determine the factors causing rebleeding in the groups of patients with concurrent AVM and aneurysm and those with only AVMs. Subjects and Methods: Sixteen patients (5 with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 11 with intracerebral/intraventricular hemorrhage; 10 with low flow [LF] and 6 with high flow [HF] AVMs) underwent radiological assessment of Spetzler Martin (SM) grading and flow status of AA + AVM. Their modified Rankin's score (mRS) at admission was compared with their follow-up (F/U) score. Results: Pre-operative mRS was 0 in 5, 2 in 6, 3 in 1, 4 in 3 and 5 in 1; and, SM grade I in 5, II in 3, III in 3, IV in 4 and V in 1 patients, respectively. AA associated AVMs were classified as: (I) Flow-related proximal (n = 2); (II) flow-related distal (n = 3); (III) intranidal (n = 5); (IV) extra-intranidal (n = 2); (V) remote major ipsilateral (n = 1); (VI) remote major contralateral (n = 1); (VII) deep perforator related (n = 1); (VIII) superficial (n = 1); and (IX) distal (n = 0). Their treatment strategy included: Flow related AA, SM I-III LF AVM: aneurysm clipping with AVM excision; nidal-extranidal AA, SM I-III LF AVM: Excision or embolization of both AA + AVM; nidal-extranidal and perforator-related AA, SM IV-V HF AVM: Only endovascular embolization or radiosurgery. Surgical decision-making for remote AA took into account their ipsilateral/contralateral filling status and vessel dominance; and, for AA associated with SM III HF AVM, it varied in each patient based on diffuseness of AVM nidus, flow across arteriovenous fistula and eloquence of cortex. Follow up (F/U) (23.29 months; range: 1.5-69 months) mRS scores were 0 in 12, 2 in 2, 3 in 1 and 6 in 1 patients, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with intracranial AVMs should be screened for concurrent AAs. Further grading, management protocols and prognostication should particularly “focus on the aneurysm.”
Abdominal schwannoma in a case of neurofibromatosis type 2: A report of a rare combination
Authors: Kawsar Khandkar , Haque Md , Chowdhury Forhad
Published: November 2014

Neurofibromatosis-2 (NF2) is an autosomal-dominant disease, which is characterized by vestibular schwannomas (VSs) (acoustic neurinoma) as well as tumours of the peripheral and central nervous system, demonstrating a variety of expression. A 12-year-old girl presented to us with headache and ataxia for four months. We examined and found a lump in the right side of her abdomen. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain, a bilateral VS at the cerebellopontine (CP) angle was detected, and on computerized tomography (CT) scan and ultrasonography of her abdomen a large retroperitoneal schwannoma was revealed in the right side of her abdomen. At first, the right-sided CP angle tumour and two months later, the left-sided lesion was operated. After some days, she became mute and incontinent, and was found to have hydrocephalus on CT scan. We introduced a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Then we operated the abdominal lump, which was histologically proven as schwannoma. The association of these three tumours is rare and untiring surgical approaches made her better. The patient recovered well except bilateral mild facial and vestibulocochlear deficit.
Phase II Clinical Trial of Gefitinib for the Treatment of Chemonaïve Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Poor Performance Status
Authors: Karim Nagla Abdel , Musaad Salma , Zarzour Ahmad , Patil Sadanand , Jazieh Abdul Rahman
Published: November 2014

Background

Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have no curative treatment options; therefore, improving their quality of life (QOL) is an important goal. Gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, is a safe oral agent that may be of benefit to a specific population of NSCLC.

Patients and Methods

A Phase II clinical trial included chemonaïve patients with advanced NSCLC and poor performance status (PS). Response rate, progression-free survival, overall survival, QOL using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Lung (FACT-L) questionnaire, and Trial Outcome Index (TOI) were evaluated.

Results

Twelve out of 19 enrolled patients were evaluable. The median age for the evaluable patients was 68.8 years (59.7–74.6). Out of all the patients, 7 (58.3%) had adenocarcinoma and 5 (41.7%) had squamous cell carcinoma. The median duration of treatment was 62.5 days (26.5–115.0) in the evaluable patients. Grade 3/4 toxicities included fatigue, rash, diarrhea, and nausea. One patient had partial response, eight patients had stable disease (SD), and three patients progressed. The median overall survival for the evaluable population was 4.9 months (2.3–16). The median progression-free survival was 3.7 months (1.9–6.6). TOI was marginally associated with the overall survival, with a hazard ratio of 0.92 (95% confidence interval: 0.84, 1.0) ( P = 0.061). FACT-L score and the TOI were highly correlated ( r = 0.96, P < 0.0001). TOI scores were higher in African Americans compared to Caucasians and increased with age.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that gefitinib use in patients with NSCLC and poor PS may improve the QOL of older patients and African American patients.
Countable Dense Homogeneity in Powers of Zero-dimensional Definable Spaces
Authors: Medini Andrea
Published: November 2014

We show that for a coanalytic subspace X of 2ω, the countable dense homogeneity of Xω is equivalent to X being Polish. This strengthens a result of Hruˇs´ak and Zamora Avilés. Then, inspired by results of Hernández-Guti´errez, Hruˇs´ak, and van Mill, using a technique of Medvedev, we construct a non-Polish subspace X of 2ω such that Xω is countable dense homogeneous. This gives the ûrst ZFC answer to a question of Hruˇs´ak and Zamora Avil´es. Furthermore, since our example is consistently analytic, the equivalence result mentioned above is sharp. Our results also answer a question of Medini and Milovich. Finally, we show that if every countable subset of a zero-dimensional separable metrizable space X is included in a Polish subspace of X, then Xω is countable dense homogeneous.
Spectral theory for the Weil–Petersson Laplacian on the Riemann moduli space
Authors: Ji Lizhen , Mazzeo Rafe , Müller Werner , Vasy András
Published: November 2014

We study the spectral geometric properties of the scalar Laplace–Beltrami operator associated to the Weil–Petersson metric

g_{\mathrm{WP}}

on

\mathcal M_\gamma

, the Riemann moduli space of surfaces of genus

\gamma > 1

. This space has a singular compactification with respect to

g_{\mathrm{WP}}

, and this metric has crossing cusp-edge singularities along a finite collection of simple normal crossing divisors. We prove first that the scalar Laplacian is essentially self-adjoint, which then implies that its spectrum is discrete. The second theorem is a Weyl asymptotic formula for the counting function for this spectrum.
A $\Gamma$-structure on Lagrangian Grassmannians
Authors: Albers Peter , Frauenfelder Urs , Solomon Jake P.
Published: November 2014

For

n

odd the Lagrangian Grassmannian of

\mathbb{R}^{2n}

is a

\Gamma

-manifold.
Analytic uniquely ergodic volume preserving maps on odd spheres
Authors: Fayad Bassam , Katok Anatole
Published: November 2014

We construct examples of volume-preserving uniquely ergodic (and hence minimal) real-analytic diffeomorphisms on odd-dimensional spheres.
Sampling Host-Seeking Anthropophilic Mosquito Vectors in West Africa: Comparisons of an Active Human-Baited Tent-Trap Against Gold Standard Methods
Authors: Krajacich Benjamin J. , Slade Jeremiah R. , Mulligan Robert F. , LaBrecque Brendan , Alout Haoues , Grubaugh Nathan D. , Meyers Jacob I. , Fakoli Lawrence S. , Bolay Fatorma K. , Brackney Doug E. , Burton Timothy A. , Seaman Jonathan A. , Diclaro Joseph W. , Dabiré Roch K. , Foy Brian D.
Published: November 2014

In this study, we characterize the ability of the previously described Infoscitex tent (IST) to capture mosquitoes in comparison to either the Centers for Disease Control Light Trap hung next to individuals under a bed net (LTC) or to human landing catches (HLC). In Senegal, the IST caught 6.14 times the number of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.), and 8.78 times the Culex group V mosquitoes as LTC. In one of two locations in Burkina Faso, the IST caught An. gambiae at a rate not significantly different than HLC. Of importance, 9.1–36.1% of HLC caught An. gambiae were blood fed, mostly with fresh blood, suggesting they fed upon the collector, whereas only 0.5–5.0% from the IST had partial or old blood. The IST also caught outdoor biting species in proportions comparable to HLC. The results show this tent provides a safer and effective alternative to the skill-dependent, risky, and laborious HLC method.
Angelic Troublemakers
Authors: Wiley A. Terrance
Published: November 2014

Angelic Troublemakers is the first detailed account of what happens when religious ethics, political philosophy, and the anarchist spirit intermingle. Wiley deftly captures the ideals that inspired three revered heroes of nonviolent disobedience—Henry Thoreau, Dorothy Day, and Bayard Rustin. Resistance to slavery, empire, and capital is a way of life, a transnational tradition of thought and action. This book is a must read for anyone interested in religion, ethics, politics, or law.
Improving HelioClim-3 estimates of surface solar irradiance using the McClear clear-sky model and recent advances in atmosphere composition
Authors: Qu Z. , Gschwind B. , Lefevre M. , Wald L.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The HelioClim-3 database (HC3v3) provides records of surface solar irradiation every 15 min, estimated by processing images from the geostationary meteorological Meteosat satellites using climatological data sets of the atmospheric Linke turbidity factor. This technical note proposes a method to improve a posteriori HC3v3 by combining it with data records of the irradiation under clear skies from the new McClear clear-sky model, whose inputs are the advanced global aerosol property forecasts and physically consistent total column content in water vapour and ozone produced by the MACC (Monitoring Atmosphere Composition and Climate) projects. The method is validated by comparison with a series of ground measurements for 15 min and 1 h for 6 stations and for daily irradiation for 23 stations. The correlation coefficient is large, greater than respectively 0.92, 0.94, and 0.97, for 15 min, 1 h and daily irradiation. The bias ranges from −4 to 4% of the mean observed irradiation for most sites. The relative root mean square difference (RMSD) varies between 14 and 38% for 15 min, 12 and 33% for 1 h irradiation, and 6 and 20% for daily irradiation. As a rule of thumb, the farther from the nadir of the Meteosat satellite located at latitude 0° and longitude 0°, and the greater the occurrence of fragmented cloud cover, the greater the relative RMSD. The method improves HC3v3 in most cases, and with no degradation in the others. A systematic correction of HC3v3 with McClear is recommended.
First-year sea ice melt pond fraction estimation from dual-polarisation C-band SAR – Part 2: Scaling in situ to Radarsat-2
Authors: Scharien R. K. , Hochheim K. , Landy J. , Barber D. G.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Sea ice melt pond fraction (fp), linked with lower sea ice surface albedo and increased light transmittance to the ocean, is inadequately parameterised in sea ice models due to a lack of observations. In this paper, results from a multi-scale remote-sensing program dedicated to the retrieval of level first-year sea ice (FYI) fp from dual co- and cross-polarisation C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter are detailed. Models which utilise the dominant effect of free-water melt ponds on the VV / HH (vertical transmit and vertical receive / horizontal transmit and horizontal receive) polarisation ratio at high incidence angles are tested for their ability to provide estimates of the subscale fp. Retrieved fp from noise-corrected Radarsat-2 quad-polarisation scenes are in good agreement with observations from coincident aerial survey data, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 0.05–0.07 obtained during intermediate and late stages of ponding. Weak model performance is attributed to the presence of wet snow and slush during initial ponding, and a synoptically driven freezing event causing ice lids to form on ponds. The HV / HH (horizontal transmit and vertical receive / horizontal transmit and horizontal receive) ratio explains a greater portion of variability in fp, compared to VV / HH, when ice lids are present. Generally low HV channel intensity suggests limited applications using dual cross-polarisation data, except with systems that have exceptionally low noise floors. Results demonstrate the overall potential of dual-polarisation SAR for standalone or complementary observations of fp for process-scale studies and improvements to model parameterisations.
Pandora's Fireworks; or, Questions Concerning Femininity, Technology, and the Limits of the Human
Authors: Marder Elissa
Published: November 2014

According to the legend from two ancient Greek texts by Hesiod, Pandora, the first woman, was artificially produced rather than naturally born. Drawing on the philological expertise of some of Hesiod's best readers, this article explores how Pandora renders the concept of the human unfamiliar and unnatural in ways that surprisingly resonate with contemporary challenges to androcentric models of life and death. As an amalgam of divine, bestial, and duplicitous qualities, Pandora simultaneously represents the category of the human and is excluded from it. Neither mere machine nor static image, Pandora is living machine. After Pandora, the human can no longer be thought in merely human or even humanizing terms: to be human is to bear a primal relation to artifice, imitation, technology, rhetoric, and death.
Canned Laughter
Authors: Gunn Joshua
Published: November 2014

This article argues that the example of (canned) laughter continues to trouble the human/machine binary that so many have troubled, from Descartes to Zupančič. Sounding various objects of “recorded” laughter through psychoanalytic tweeters, deconstructive warps, and object-oriented woofers implicates ontology as so much noise for the projection of certainty. Derivatively speaking, I argue for the primacy of a rhetorical ethics.
Regarding the Dead
Authors: Ballif Michelle
Published: November 2014

Arguing that the foundational relation that constitutes the (rhetorical) address is that between the living and the dead, this article calls on rhetorical studies to reconceive rhetoric as a (non)visual relation between the “invisible” (specter) and the “visible” (living). I then complicate this relation—and the easy distinction between the two—and argue that regarding the dead, guarding them, mourning them, is the ethical relation that makes any rhetorical address possible.
The association between the anatomical features of renal tumours and the functional outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy
Authors: Lee Jeong Woo , Cho Sung Yong , Jeon Chanhoo , Ko Kyungtae , Kim Hyeon Hoe
Published: November 2014

Introduction: We evaluated the the association between PADUA scores and postoperative renal function (after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy [RAPN]) and between PADUA scores and warm ischemic time (during RAPN).Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 106 patients who underwent RAPN for a single localized renal tumour between April 2009 and June 2012. Postoperative renal function was evaluated using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in 85 patients who were followed for at least 6 months. PADUA scores for renal tumours were calculated using contrast-enhanced computed tomography images, if needed, along with magnetic resonance images in some cases.Results: A PADUA score ≥10 and WIT ≥30 minutes were observed in 18 (17.0%) and 51 (48.1%) cases, respectively. PADUA scores were significantly correlated with WIT (p = 0.019) and percent change in eGFR at 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.005). PADUA score (continuous variable, odds ratio [OR] 1.694, p = 0.007) and the high-risk group (PADUA score ≥10) (OR 5.429; p = 0.020) were significantly associated with a WIT of ≥30 minutes by multivariate analysis. A 1-point increase in the PADUA score was associated with an eGFR decrease of >20% at 6 months after RAPN (OR 1.799; p = 0.076). In addition, a PADUA score ≥10, or high risk, (OR 13.965; p = 0.003) was an independent predictor of an eGFR decrease of >20% at 6 months after RAPN.Conclusions: The PADUA classification can reliably predict WIT and postoperative renal functional outcome after RAPN. Furthermore, the study suggests that anatomical aspects of renal tumours are associated with functional outcome after RAPN.
Pure laparoscopic unilateral nephrectomy for a patient with a polycystic horseshoe kidney
Authors: Dason Shawn , Allard Christopher B , Shayegan Bobby , Piercey Kevin
Published: November 2014

A 45-year-old female patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and a horseshoe kidney underwent right laparoscopic nephrectomy. The indication for nephrectomy was to create space within the right iliac fossa for renal transplantation. The operation proceeded as routine for laparoscopic nephrectomy for ADPKD, but was uniquely challenging due to the large size and extensive vasculature of the polycystic horseshoe kidney. In addition to documenting the feasibility of the pure laparoscopic approach for nephrectomy in patients with ADPKD and horseshoe kidney, this case highlights the abnormal location and vasculature encountered when operating on horseshoe kidneys.
Optimizing a frail elderly patient for radical cystectomy with a prehabilitation program
Authors: Carli Francesco , Awasthi Rashami , Gillis Chelsia , Kassouf Wassim
Published: November 2014

The purpose of this case report is to discuss the positive impact of a multimodal prehabilitation program on postoperative recovery of a frail patient undergoing radical cystectomy. An 85-year-old man with significant history for poorly controlled type II diabetes, anemia, chronic renal failure, and glaucoma was found to have muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with hydronephrosis. He was scheduled for elective radical cystoprostatectomy and ileal conduit diversion. He was enrolled in a multimodal prehabilitation program in view of his frailty (Fried score = 5), 15% body weight loss, weak grip strength, severe depression and moderate anxiety, poor nutritional status (patient-generated subjective global assessment [PG-SGA] = B), low functional walking capacity (6-minute walking test [6MWT] = 210 metres, predicted 621 metres). The 4-week program included moderate aerobic and resistant exercises, nutritional counselling with whey protein supplementation (20 g/day), and relaxation exercises. Surgery and the postoperative period were uneventful, although he required treatment of his hyperglycemia and hypomagnesemia. He left the hospital on postoperative day 7 and returned home where he continued the multimodal program for 8 weeks. Measurements of 6MWT, Health-Related Quality of Life (SF-36), physical activity, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), were conducted at baseline, before surgery and at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. These tests revealed a progressive remarkable improvement before surgery that continued after surgery.
American trends in expectant management utilization for prostate cancer from 2000 to 2009
Authors: Maurice Matthew J. , Abouassaly Robert , Zhu Hui
Published: November 2014

Introduction: The overtreatment of early prostate cancer has become a major public health concern. Expectant management (EM) is a strategy to minimize overtreatment, but little is known about its pattern of use. We sought to examine national EM utilization over the preceding decade.Methods: We examined prostate cancer treatment utilization from 2000 to 2009 using the National Cancer Database. EM use was analyzed in relation to other treatments and by cancer stage, age group, Charlson score, and hospital practice setting.Results: Overall, 109 997 (8.2%) men were managed initially with EM. EM usage remained stable at 7.6% to 9.5% from 2000 to 2009 with no appreciable increase for low-stage cancers. Usage was only slightly higher in elderly patients and in patients with multiple comorbidities. Veterans Affairs and low-volume hospitals had a much higher and increasing EM rate (range: 18.8%-29.8% and 15.1%-24.2%, respectively), compared to community hospitals, comprehensive cancer centres, and teaching hospitals, which showed no increased adoption. On further analysis, EM use remained high for low-stage cancers at Veterans Affairs and low-volume hospitals (24.0% and 19.1%, respectively), regardless of age or comorbidity, a pattern not shared by other practice settings.Conclusions: EM utilization remained low and stable last decade, regardless of disease or patient characteristics. Conversely, Veterans Affairs and low-volume hospitals led the trend in national EM adoption, particularly in men with low-stage cancers and limited life expectancies. The limitations of this dataset preclude any determination of the appropriateness of EM utilization. Nonetheless, further study is needed to identify factors influencing EM adoption to ensure its proper use in the future.
Intraprostatic hematoma with active bleeding post-prostate biopsy
Authors: Guo Lan Qian Lancia , So Benny Chi-Bun , Gray Robin R.
Published: November 2014

To the best of our knowledge, we report the first known case of a large intraprostatic hematoma with active bleeding following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.
Effect of dutasteride in men receiving intermittent androgen ablation therapy: The AVIAS trial
Authors: Klotz Laurence , Nabid Abdenour , Higano Celestia , Ryan Chris , Kebabdjian Marlene , Chin Joseph
Published: November 2014

Introduction: We studied the effect of dutasteride on the length of the off-treatment period in prostate cancer patients on intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) therapy.Methods: We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled Phase II trial in men with localized prostate cancer and a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level post-primary treatment. Patients were randomized to dutasteride (0.5 mg/day) or placebo. All patients received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which was stopped at month 9 if the PSA level was <1.0 ng/mL. ADT was resumed when PSA increased to ≥5.0 ng/mL. End points included time off treatment, PSA nadir after 9 months of ADT, serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels, and time to castrate-resistant prostate cancer (rising PSA while testosterone levels remain <50 ng/mL).Results: There were 87 evaluable patients: 49 dutasteride, 38 placebo. In total, 80 patients completed one treatment cycle: 45 dutasteride, 35 placebo. The median time off treatment for patients reaching ≥5 ng/mL was 18.6 and 16.7 months for dutasteride and placebo, respectively (p = 0.7600). The median PSA nadir at 9 months was 0.1 and 0.075 ng/mL, respectively (p = 0.4486). There were no cases of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Our study limitations include its short duration with only one treatment cycle evaluated.Conclusions: This small-scale Phase II randomized controlled trial showed no benefit to the addition of dutasteride to an IAD regimen.
Spin representations with negative indices
Authors: Al-Tahan Madline , Abdulrahim Mohammad N. , Habre Samer S.
Published: November 2014

We consider the spin representation of Artin's braid group, which has a negative index of one and was originally given by D. D. Long and explicitly computed by J.P.Tian. In our work, we find sufficient conditions under which the complex specialization of that representation, namely $\alpha :B_{n}\to GL_{n^{2}}(\mathbb C)$, is unitary relative to a nonsingular hermitian matrix.
The degree of approximation of functions, and their conjugates, belonging to several general Lipschitz classes, by Hausdorff matrix means of their Fourier series and conjugate series of their Fourier series
Authors: Rhoades B. E.
Published: November 2014

In this paper Hausdorff matrix approximations are obtained for a function and its conjugate belonging to any one of several generalized Lipschitz classes.
Composite functions with Allen determinants and their applications to production models in economics
Authors: Aydin Muhittin Evren , Ergut Mahut
Published: November 2014

In this paper, we derive an explicit formula for the Allen determinants of composite functions of the form:% \[ f\left( \mathbf{x}\right) =F\left( h_{1}\left( x_{1}\right) \times\cdots\times h_{n}\left( x_{n}\right) \right) . \] We completely classify the composite functions by using their Allen determinants. Some applications of Allen determinants to production models are also given.
The Ordered Network Structure and Prediction Summary for M≥7 Earthquakes in Xinjiang Region of China
Authors: Men Ke-Pei , Zhao Kai
Published: November 2014

M ≥7 earthquakes have showed an obvious commensurability and orderliness in Xinjiang of China and its adjacent region since 1800. The main orderly values are 30 a × k (k = 1,2,3), 11 ~ 12 a, 41 ~ 43 a, 18 ~ 19 a, and 5 ~ 6 a. In the guidance of the information forecasting theory of Wen-Bo Weng, based on previous research results, combining ordered network structure analysis with complex network technology, we focus on the prediction summary of M ≥ 7 earthquakes by using the ordered network structure, and add new information to further optimize network, hence construct the 2D- and 3D-ordered network structure of M ≥ 7 earthquakes. In this paper, the network structure revealed fully the regularity of seismic activity of M ≥ 7 earthquakes in the study region during the past 210 years. Based on this, the Karakorum M7.1 earthquake in 1996, the M7.9 earthquake on the frontier of Russia, Mongol, and China in 2003, and two Yutian M7.3 earthquakes in 2008 and 2014 were predicted successfully. At the same time, a new prediction opinion is presented that the future two M ≥ 7 earthquakes will probably occur around 2019 - 2020 and 2025 - 2026 in this region. The results show that large earthquake occurred in defined region can be predicted. The method of ordered network structure analysis produces satisfactory results for the mid-and-long term prediction of M ≥ 7 earthquakes.
Results of limited scale trial of Sulfmonzol 5%
Authors: Enkhtogtokh B , Burenbaatar B
Published: November 2014

Results of experiments on the use of anthelminthic drug agianst helminths in sheep, goats and cattle reveal that preparation "Sulfmonzol 5%" has relatively higher effectiveness (98.8-100.00%) against helminths eggs in sheep and cattle at day 21 of the trial, while it is highly effective (98.1-100.0%) against goat helminths at day 14 of the trial. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.212 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.30-32
Results of study on changes in the body of livestock castrated by unopened method
Authors: Alimaa D , Byambatsogt S , Enkhbaatar TS
Published: November 2014

"Tartu-SHAB" emasculator for unopened castration of male calf, lamb and kids is used to break ductus deferens and blood vessels and damage cremaster muscle after detecting outside the spermatic cord via palpation of scrotal neck skin. Movement of castrated animal becomes slower, hind legs are slightly spread, animal steps on frontal wall of its hind leg hooves and lifts one of hind legs in turn, and superficial, small, painful, differently sized, and warmer swelling appears. Cremaster fascia of testicle tissue castrated animals (at day 30) divides testicle parenchyma into lobules and there are epithelial cells producing spermatozoa at various stages of development in the wall of seminiferous tubules, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in reticular and soft connective tissues between seminiferous tubules. But at day 60, thickened outer layer of testicle, larger gaps between tubules, structural change of primary and secondary spermatozoa, ceased cellular division cellular division and absence of Leydig cells reveal the process of atrophy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.215 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.43-48
Study on sanitary microbiological properties and genotoxic properties of Darhan City soil
Authors: Dorjkhand B , Battsetseg Ch , Tuul N
Published: November 2014

The world population rising very fast and it has resulted in increasing the area of polluted soil, water and air. In order to cater to the demands of the people, the rapid expansion of industries, vehicles, etc. is necessary. But all of these developments make our world, especially urban area, heavily polluted. And many kind of contaminant substances showing bad effects to human health. Our research work aimed to evaluate Darhan city soil contamination using genetoxicological studies. Genotoxicological effect of soil contaminant substances or ability to cause a mutation to living organisms was determined by Eims test and DNA damaging experiment on test strain Salmonella thyphimurium TA-100 (his G46, rfa B, bio pKm 101) and Escherichia coli (wp, uvr, pol). The result revealed that Darhan city soil samples have inhibition effect to test strain growth rate. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.221 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.73-76
Results of experimental study to investigate the effect of fertilizers with enzyme-active strains of microorganisms in biological rehabilitation of mining projects in Gobi region of Mongolia
Authors: Zaya Ch , Batdelger B , Saijaa N , Erdenetuya B
Published: November 2014

Mining extraction operations of bigger mining projects in the Gobi region are causing significant environmental pollution including soil erosion and degradation in the surrounding areas of the mine sites. Therefore, there is a crucial need for soil rehabilitation and re-vegetation of native/aboriginal plants when efforts are made to rehabilitate mines and restore them to comparable natural pristine conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.222 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.77-78
Comparison of different maturity period to increasing yield and quality of soyabean
Authors: Munkhjargal O , Sergelen B
Published: November 2014

Crop physiology is one of the important subjects to understand biological processes and functions. Through the science of crop physiology, it is possible to understand crop growth and development, components of plant yield, and their interactions.The Yukihomare is early flowering variety and takes about 35 days , Tachinagaha variety is medium flowering and takes 40 days, and Fukuyutaka variety is late flowering and takes 56 days from sowing respectively. Yukihomare variety is highest by 100 seed weight for soybean and its weight was measured as 34.2g. Tachinagaha variety is highest by total yield and harvested 1.62 t/ha. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.223 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.79-82
Result of plum growth development of different plum varieties in Altai region
Authors: Saikhantsetseg N , Ninj B
Published: November 2014

Due to global warming and Mongolian climate change air temperature has increased by 1, 56 degree in last 60 years. 25 percent of desertification covers once in 2-3 years whereas more than 50 percent of desertification occurs once in 4-5 years in Mongolian territory. Dust storm increased 3-4 times in Gobi and step regions in comparison to 1960s (Desertification UB 2009).Studying perennial trees, bushes and fruit tree cultivation, its adaptability and yield increasement is a stable way to reduce desertification, restore land degradation, increase yield and improve soil fertility. Plum is easily adaptable plant to cultivate in any type of soil and climate of Mongolia.Plum specificities are highly adaptable, yields in short period after planting, tolerant during winter, disease infected condition is comparably low, later uses of plum fruits are diverse and economically valuable.Plum is also planted for medicinal and ornamental use. Increasing interests and demand on making home garden and to plant diverse of fruit trees are primary reason to conduct this study. Experiment was done in Khovd branch of Agricultural State University in fruit experimental station. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.224 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.83-86
Energy consumption and household’s wealthy: case of herder household in Mongolia
Authors: Ganchimeg Gombodorj
Published: November 2014

More than half the world's population lives in rural areas, nearly 90 percent of them - some 2.8 billion - in the developing countries. Most of today's 2 billion people without adequate energy services are in rural areas. Currently, share of herder households in Mongolia with electricity sources accounts 82.7 per cent of total 160.2 thousand herder households (NSO, 2011). This study estimates the herder household’s energy consumption based on theory of energy ladder hypothesis, Engle curves and Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model as demand system analysis. The results of the study illustrate that the Energy Ladder hypothesis fits to herder households in Mongolia. They mostly use dung, wood, forest and grass waste and coal in regard to their income and energy source availability. The share of energy expenditure estimation shows that energy is necessity goods for herders. Total household expenditure inversely related to the energy expenditure share. The study results conclude that the herder’s energy consumption is on a very low level and some policy interventions are necessary for improving herder´s livelihood. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.229 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.103-109
Sheep, camel wool market perspectives and government policy
Authors: Nansalmaa Ts , Otgonjargal L , Altantuya D
Published: November 2014

Sheep, camel wool, and woolen products are the main livestock products in Mongolia that satisfy population need and contribute certain amount of export revenue from international market. There is loss of possibility to produce ecologically clean safe, warm products [4] as only 10% of total wool is being processed. We tried to convince audience that it is required to support wool processing industry by right policy hence in ordinary weather conditions livestock number/ and wool production/ increases constantly and there are favorable circumstances established to supply products to China, Korea, South Eastern Asia and Russia with the ongoing process of market extension. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.231 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.120-124
Method of compensations evaluation in Ulaanbaatar
Authors: Nyamsuren O , Gerelkhuu T
Published: November 2014

It is significant to make evaluation of ger area, determine market price of compensation, process evaluation procedure of compensation evaluation, transfer land for need of capital city and determine compensation using methods in international evaluation standards of land and cadastre evaluations methods. Land of Ulaanbaatar city is divided in 65 regions for evaluation, market price per a square meters of land is 156063 Tugrugs. In making adjustment on regional market price using factors to impact on land in accordance with certain methods, price of land per square meter reached 220049 Tugrugs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.233 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.129-132
Economical and ecological efficiencies of energy saving technology in wheat production
Authors: Jalbiidandariin Suvdaa
Published: November 2014

Energy saving technologies in wheat production are necessitated by nowadays requirements. Research revealed the minimum tillage is the most economical and ecological efficient technology in wheat production in Mongolia. Therefore, structure of technical park should to be changed through government policy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.235 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.138-141
Development and evaluation of a microbial agent capable of organic compounds degradation for bioremediation of nearshore wetland
Authors: Yundendorj Khorloo , Shin Seyeon , Lee Samg-Suk , Kang Kyoung-Ho , Kahng Hyung-Yeel
Published: November 2014

A microbial agent was developed for the bioremediation of near shore wetland using a microbial consortium composed of Rhodoccus sp. EBht1 and Pseudomonas sp. EBht3 for the industrial use of the microbial consortium as a bioremediation agent. Marine Broth (MB) medium used for growth of the consortium was modified with addition of new component or deletion of some components of the medium for the purpose of lowering the cost of production, resulting in the discovery of an optimized and modified MB medium. Using the optimized medium, the constructed microbial consortium was cultured in a large scale through batch and fed-batch culture method. A liquid microbial agent was made using the consortium cells produced in a large scale and it was evaluated for the removal of organic compounds. Furthermore, a powered microbial agent was also developed through the formulation process after freeze-drying of the consortium cells. The formulated microbial agent was evaluated for the removal of organic compounds under various environmental conditions and found to work an effective role as a bioremediation agent. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.237 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.146-149
Acute asthma exacerbations: an overview
Authors: Urso Domenico Lorenzo
Published: November 2014

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. All patient with asthma are at risk of having exacerbations characterized by worsening symptoms, airflow obstruction, and an increased requirement for rescue bronchodilators. Asthma exacerbations can be classified as mild, moderate, severe, or life threatening. The goals of treatment are correction of severe hypoxemia, rapid reversal of airflow obstruction, and reduction of the risk of relapse.
The first hours of traumatic brain injury. Evaluation and management in emergency room
Authors: Piñero Gustavo René , Ferrari Azul , Cruzado Nicolás Muñoz , Godoy Daniel Agustin
Published: November 2014

The traumatic brain injury is a common disease worldwide and it represents the leading cause of death and disability in different age groups, with an incidence of particular concern in adolescents and young adults. The Glasgow Coma Scale remains the best method for the initial classification of these patients and to define the route of administration. Since many deaths occur within the first two weeks of the event, it is necessary to optimize the training of health professionals to improve the management of patients with traumatic brain injury and reduce the morbidity and mortality. The primary objective of the first approach is to prevent secondary brain injury and to identify any intracranial lesions that require urgent treatment. The present review aimed to show how to approach to the patients with TBI in Emergency Room.
Prognostic stratification of pulmonary embolism: what does it change from 2014 European Society of Cardiology guidelines?
Authors: Masotti Luca , Landini Giancarlo , Lorenzini Gianni , Chiti Irene , Panigada Grazia
Published: November 2014

Prognostic stratification is of utmost importance for clinical management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Clinical presentation, echocardiography and biomarkers represented the key points on which recommendations of European Society of Cardiology (ESC) released in 2008 were based. In fact, in 2008 the ESC prognostic model suggested to divide acute PE in high risk, heamodynamically unstable, based on presentation with shock or hypotension, and non high risk, haemodynamically stable. The non high risk PE was divided in intermediate rand low risk PE based on echocardiographicand biomarkers signs of right heart dysfunction (RHD) and myocardial damage. This approach was not an academic speculation but permitted to define the early mortality risk (>15% in high risk, 3-15% in intermediate risk, <1% in low risk) and bring the most appropriate treatment. Over the years it became clear that co-morbidity influenced the early mortality risk and may define better the low mortality risk. Practical clinical scores, such as the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index, PESI, in its original or simplified version, demonstrated to have high prognostic power to identify high (early mortality risk over 10%) and low risk (early mortality risk ≤ 1%) patients. Furthermore, it has become clear that the combination of ESC prognostic model, based on haemodynamics, and clinical prognostic scores may improve the prognostic stratification of acute PE, especially for patients with intermediate risk in whom the range of early mortality risk is wide The latest version of ESC recommendations on management of acute PE released in August 2014 go toward this direction and suggest to divide the non high risk PE in low or intermediate risk taking in account the PESI score. In this review we describe the prognostic strategy of acute PE suggested from the latest version of ESC recommendations.
Entropie et néguentropie de la traduction
Authors: Samain Didier
Published: November 2014

En s’appuyant sur une expérience de traducteur et d’historien, l’auteur aborde la spécificité des concepts en sciences humaines et donc leur traduction ou reformulation. À l’aide de métaconcepts descriptifs (troncation cognitive, effet de seuil), il montre qu’elle s’y accompagne tout à la fois de pertes et de gains d’information. Sans nier l’intérêt des analyses culturalistes, il propose donc une approche plus historique et formelle, qui abandonne le topos de l’équivalence entre un original et sa copie pour lui substituer une conception métadiscursive des mécanismes de reformulation. L’analyse souligne simultanément l’ambiguïté de la notion de « traduction », illustrée entre autres par la notion quinienne de traduction radicale.
Babel et le marché. Un programme de « littérature mondiale » à l’épreuve du marché de la traduction
Authors: Dugonjić Leonora , Richard de Latour Raphaëlle
Published: November 2014

Que signifie l’établissement d’une liste de « littérature mondiale » rassemblant une sélection d’oeuvres en traduction? Cette question sera abordée à partir de données quantitatives et qualitatives sur le programme d’enseignement de la littérature élaboré par l’Organisation du baccalauréat international. Depuis près d’un demi-siècle, l’émergence progressive de cette ONG comme autorité légitime en matière d’« éducation internationale » pose la question de l’autonomie de l’action pédagogique à l’échelle mondiale. S’appuyer sur la recherche actuelle en sociologie de la traduction nous permettra de reconstruire les rapports de force dissimulés par l’opération de sélection et d’en appréhender la mise en pratique.
Translating research findings into educational policy and practice: the virtues and vices of a metaphor
Authors: Hammersley Martyn
Published: November 2014

A variety of metaphors have been used in seeking to conceptualise the relationship between social and educational research, on the one hand, and policymaking and practice, on the other. One influential analogy is the idea that research findings can and should be translatable into policy, and thereby into practice. This article will provide a conceptual analysis of the source meaning of «translation», and what is involved in this metaphorical use of it. It will be argued that many of the issues that arise in relation to translating text from one language into another have parallels in the task of communicating research findings to policymakers or practitioners. However, the idea that research findings can then be «translated» into policy and practice is much more problematic.
La comparaison comme politique : le tournant du début du 21e siècle
Authors: Nóvoa António , Carvalho Luís Miguel , Yanes Cristina
Published: November 2014

Notre texte se pose en essai, libre, cherchant à ouvrir un débat d’idées bien plus qu’à démontrer empiriquement certaines thèses. L’argument central que nous y développons concerne l’émergence, à partir de l’an 2000, date symbolique que nous avons retenue, d’une série de changements majeurs dans la manière dont les « données internationales et comparées » sont incorporées dans les politiques éducatives nationales ou, autrement dit, dans la manière dont ces données induisent des politiques de traduction qui se distinguent, très nettement, de celles qui ont caractérisé le 20e siècle.
Spontaneous symbiotic reprogramming of plant roots triggered by receptor-like kinases
Authors: Ried Martina Katharina , Antolín-Llovera Meritxell , Parniske Martin
Published: November 2014

Symbiosis Receptor-like Kinase (SYMRK) is indispensable for the development of phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) as well as nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis, but the mechanisms that discriminate between the two distinct symbiotic developmental fates have been enigmatic. In this study, we show that upon ectopic expression, the receptor-like kinase genes Nod Factor Receptor 1 (NFR1), NFR5, and SYMRK initiate spontaneous nodule organogenesis and nodulation-related gene expression in the absence of rhizobia. Furthermore, overexpressed NFR1 or NFR5 associated with endogenous SYMRK in roots of the legume Lotus japonicus. Epistasis tests revealed that the dominant active SYMRK allele initiates signalling independently of either the NFR1 or NFR5 gene and upstream of a set of genes required for the generation or decoding of calcium-spiking in both symbioses. Only SYMRK but not NFR overexpression triggered the expression of AM-related genes, indicating that the receptors play a key role in the decision between AM- or root nodule symbiosis-development.