bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Criteria and Modeling of Cyclic Strength of Elements of Structures
Authors: Dobrovolsky D S
Published: October 2018

Многие элементы конструкций подвергаются при эксплуатации воздействию переменных случайных нагрузок и разрушаются, как правило, в зонах концентрации местных напряжений, упругопластических деформаций и энергий. Накопление усталостных повреждений в зонах концентрации элементов конструкций принято оценивать по экспериментальным кривым усталости модельных элементов, представленным в номинальных напряжениях, определяемых без учета влияния концентрации, или местных условных напряжениях, вычисляемых как произведение номинальных напряжений и теоретического коэффициента концентрации напряжений в предположении местного упругого деформирования. Использование указанных критериев для получения кривых усталости вносит дополнительные погрешности при оценке повреждаемости и прогнозировании долговечности в условиях случайного нагружения конструкций. В этой связи более совершенной представляется методика оценки повреждаемости в зонах концентрации при прогнозировании долговечности в условиях случайного нагружения конструкций, если использовать экспериментальные кривые усталости моделей, представленные в интенсивностях местных напряжений (силовой подход), упругопластических деформаций (деформационная трактовка) или удельных энергиях изменения формы (энергетическая концепция), которые учитывают объемность напряженно-деформированного состояния и его кинетику по числу нагружений. Для получения указанных кривых усталости в работе предлагается решение циклической упругопластической задачи для определения указанных выше силового, деформационного и энергетического локальных критериев прочности. Приводятся результаты применения локальных критериев для экспериментального и аналитического моделирования циклической прочности при изгибе с вращением валов с кольцевым надрезом. Использование локальных критериев прочности позволило более достоверно оценить повреждаемость валов при характерных в условиях эксплуатации перегрузках.
Introduction of Controlling in the Industrial Park Management System to Improve the Efficiency of Resident Enterprises
Authors: Simchenko O L
Published: October 2018

В настоящее время контроллинг в экономике является современным инструментом, позволяющим повысить эффективность управления производством любого хозяйствующего субъекта различных отраслей, включая промышленность. Интеграция контроллинга в систему управления индустриальным парком побуждает оптимизировать и сбалансировать, опираясь на функцию координации, процесс достижения целей, стоящих перед предприятиями-резидентами, повысить эффективность их деятельности. В статье обоснована целесообразность внедрения контроллинга в систему управления индустриальным парком для решения задач повышения эффективности деятельности промышленных предприятий-резидентов. Для этого осуществляется обзор и обобщение существующих подходов к определению понятия «контроллинг» на основе различных отечественных и зарубежных источников, в соответствии с которыми выявляются основные целевые форматы, делается вывод, что в постоянно меняющейся среде контроллинг претерпевает изменения и постоянно развивается. Особое внимание в работе уделяется определению основных задач направлений контроллинга внешней и внутренней среды индустриального парка. Схематично представлены направления контроллинга внутренней среды индустриального парка. Определены основные критерии контроллинга, позволяющие измерять эффективность функционирования его процессов, на основании которых сформулированы функции, выполняемые контроллингом. В целях достижения перед индустриальным парком и в частности функционирующих в них предприятий перспективных форматов их развития, включая повышение эффективности их производственной деятельности в изменяющихся условиях рынка, автором разработана структура контроллинга системы управления индустриальным парком.
The Possibility and Effectiveness of Using Drones When Performing Cadastral Works
Authors: Anikeeva I.A. , Babashkin N.M. , Kadnichanskiy S.A. , Nekhin S.S.
Published: October 2018

The analysis of the capabilities and effectiveness of the aerial survey using a drone for determining the coordinate points of the real estate objects’ boundaries with photogrammetric method in doing cadastral works basing on established requirements is given. The matters of coordinates’ definition accuracy are considered basing on the results of research trials of hardware and software systems of digital aerial photography and photogrammetric processing based on using drones and the aerial photos of the polygon. The results of a comparative analysis of the aerial survey effectiveness using drones of various types and traditional aerial survey with manned aircraft are given. The factors affecting the efficiency are analyzed. Issues of creating the legislation base for aerial survey with drones are discussed. The conclusion is made about possibility of aerial survey using unmanned aircraft to determine the coordinates of the real estate objects’ boundaries with precision meeting the established requirements. Planning aerial surveys with drones for cadastral tasks should be primarily based on economic factors (time and cost), taking into account the specific conditions of the subject and used hardware and software.
Estudio comparativo de técnicas PWM de banda de histéresis para el control de corriente en filtros activos de potencia paralelos
Authors: Murillo-Yarce Duberney , Marulanda-Durango Jesser J. , Escobar-Mejía Andrés
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo evalúa el desempeño de un filtro activo empleando tres diferentes técnicas de control de corriente de banda de histéresis: banda fija, banda adaptativa y con modulación por vector espacial. En la comparación se estudian las características de cada técnica y mediante simulación se evalúa su desempeño y operación. En todos los casos se emplea la teoría pq para el cálculo de las corrientes de referencia y se emplea un controlador proporcional para regular la tensión del bus de continua. De acuerdo con los resultados, las técnicas PWM evaluadas permiten una reducción del contenido armónico de la corriente de la red de alimentación de 31 % sin compensación, a un 6 %, considerando el filtro activo de potencia. La técnica de banda adaptativa de histéresis presenta el más bajo desempeño en la reducción de armónicos en las corrientes de la red. Además, se tiene que el método de banda fija de histéresis es el más recomendado para aplicaciones de filtros paralelo debido a que posee una estructura más simple que permite su implementación. Los resultados tambien muestran que la técnica de banda adaptativa de histéresis es la que presenta mayor reducción en las variaciones de la frecuencia de conmutación, requiriendo mayor número de operaciones, ya que requiere calcular el ancho de banda en cada iteración. Mientras que la técnica de modulación por vector espacial y banda de histéresis presenta frecuencias de conmutación altamente variables y mayor complejidad en su implementación.
Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) con aditivos bituminosos
Authors: Darío Cañola Hernán , Builes-Jaramillo Alejandro , Medina Carlos Andrés , González-Castañeda Gustavo Enrique
Published: October 2018

Los muros en tierra, presentan lesiones patológicas debido a su exposición al agua lluvia, y al agua proveniente del suelo. Además, por sus características de higroscopicidad los Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) presentan bajas resistencias a la penetración del agua y altos coeficientes de absorción capilar. Como alternativa para la reducción del coeficiente de absorción capilar e incremento de la resistencia a la penetración de agua se analizaron experimentalmente bloques de tierra comprimida adicionados con emulsión asfáltica en frío en proporciones del 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % y 100 %, respecto al peso del agua. Se estudió para cada una de las muestras la absorción capilar, resistencias a la compresión y penetración de humedad con el fin de evaluar la proporción optima de adición. Como resultado de la experimentación se determinó que los BTC adicionados con un 50 % de emulsión asfáltica presentan las mejores características de protección contra la humedad garantizando la resistencia a compresión necesaria para su uso en la construcción.
Influencia de los valores locales en los diseños cD-óptimos para el modelo logístico
Authors: López-Ríos Víctor Ignacio , Sosa-Palacio David Felipe
Published: October 2018

En el diseño de experimentos es común el no uso de criterios para determinar los tratamientos y el número de réplicas que se deben realizar para la obtención de una buena estimación de los parámetros del modelo, debido principalmente al desconocimiento de estos y en muchas otras ocasiones por la dificultad en implementarlos. Los diseños óptimos tratan de resolver esta falencia al dar condiciones experimentales óptimas y los niveles de los factores donde se debe medir la respuesta, con el fin de obtener una mejora en la calidad de la inferencia estadística a un menor costo. En la búsqueda de diseños óptimos se utilizan criterios de optimalidad, los cuales son función de la matriz de información de Fisher. Uno de los problemas de estimación más frecuente en los modelos no lineales es la especificación de los valores locales para los parámetros del modelo, necesarios para la optimización del criterio de optimalidad. En este artículo se realiza un estudio de robustez de los diseños óptimos obtenidos en el modelo logístico, al considerar perturbaciones en los valores locales de los parámetros, con el fin de proporcionar al investigador un rango de maniobrabilidad en la selección de los valores locales y garantizando que el diseño óptimo resultante no pierda una eficiencia considerable con respecto al valor de referencia. Para ello, a partir de los datos de un ejemplo, se encuentran las eficiencias de cada uno de los diseños obtenidos con relación al valor sin perturbar; se construyen los diseños cD-óptimos locales para la estimación de la varianza del logit, se determinó que la magnitud de la perturbación en los diseños cD-óptimos locales obtenidos alcanzan una eficiencia alrededor de un 70 %, con un radio de 0.04 de perturbación sobre el valor de referencia.
Desarrollo de un prototipo de micro-red residencial a baja escala
Authors: Guacaneme Wilmer , Rodríguez Andrés F. , Gómez Luis M. , Santamaría Francisco , Trujillo César
Published: October 2018

Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de un emulador de una Micro-Red (MR) eléctrica residencial aislada, que incluye generación distribuida, en este caso fotovoltaica, almacenamiento de energía mediante baterías, y tecnología de vehículos eléctricos que permite suministrar energía a la red eléctrica (V2G). Se realizó un estudio para establecer las principales cargas en una instalación residencial y la prioridad que los usuarios le dan a cada una de ellas. Adicionalmente, se implementó un Sistema de Gestión Energética (SGE), el cual establece los criterios y parámetros de selección para determinar la fuente de energía adecuada en un momento dado y la operación de las cargas dependiendo de los recursos energéticos disponibles. Además, se presenta el diseño y dimensionamiento de los elementos de potencia que permiten suministrar energía a las cargas de la vivienda. Una vez implementado el emulador de micro-red residencial aislada, se realizaron diferentes pruebas, las cuales permiten verificar el correcto desempeño de los elementos del prototipo y del sistema de gestión de energía implementado. Los resultados permiten evidenciar que el emulador desarrollado es una poderosa herramienta académica y de investigación que permite la ejecución de múltiples pruebas y montajes experimentales que facilitan la comprensión y validación de cálculos y aproximaciones teóricas en el campo de micro-redes eléctricas aisladas.
Knowledge and attitudes on medical waste management among Belgrade medical and dental students
Authors: Ilic-Zivojinovic Jelena , Ilic Branislav , Backovic Dusan , Tomanic Milena , Gavrilovic Aleksandar , Bogdanovic Ljiljana
Published: October 2018

Introduction/Objective. Knowledge and practical skills in medical waste (MW) management are of equal importance for medical and dental doctors. The first comparative study on the knowledge and skills in the field of MW management among Belgrade students was conducted with the goal of examining whether students of medicine and dentistry are equally familiar with this extremely important field. Methods. A cross-sectional study included 558 students of the sixth year of studies (430 medical and 128 dental students) who completed an anonymous semi-structured questionnaire to determine attitudes and knowledge on MW management. Results. The majority of medical and dental students had no training in MW management (79.5% and 74.6%, respectively). Dental students use protective equipment more frequently than medical students (94.5% vs. 42%, p < 0.001). However, full vaccinal protection against hepatitis B is better among medical students compared to dental students (57.7% vs. 39.1%, p < 0.001). Complete knowledge on postexposal prophylaxis is better among medical students compared to dental students (44.5% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001). However, dental students are more disciplined in reporting injuries (63.1% vs. 52.4%, p = 0.038). The students? knowledge on primary separation of infectious waste (93% vs. 77.8%, p < 0.001) and used needles (80.3% vs. 70.4%, p = 0.007) is better among dental students compared to medical students? correct answers. Conclusion. Dental students show better knowledge on MW management and are more disciplined in using personal infection protection compared to medical students. The students support continued training on MW management and investigations on this topic.
Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
Authors: Pandrc Milena , Ristic Andjelka , Kostovski Vanja , Randjelovic-Krstic Violeta , Milin-Lazovic Jelena , Nedeljkovic-Beleslin Biljana , Ciric Jasmina
Published: October 2018

Background/Aim. Although subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is frequently a biochemical diagnosis, some symptoms and signs of overt disease may be present, influencing our decision to start the treatment with levothyroxine (LT4). The aim of this study was to examine the effect a 3- month LT4 treatment on clinical presentation and quality of life in symptomatic SCH with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) < 10 mIU/L. We also considered whether treatment discontinuation additionally improves reliability of these findings. Methods. Clinical parameters (disease-specific score) and quality of life (Short Form-36 questionnaire) were measured in 35 patients with persistent symptomatic SCH (TSH 7.0 ? 2.1 mIU/L) before the intervention (LT4 substitution), 3 months after the euthyroid state had been achieved and 3 months after cessation of LT4 substitution. Results. The median of the Zulewski index significantly decreased after the treatment with LT4: 5.0 (4.0?7.0) vs. 3.0 (2.0?5.0) (p < 0.001) representing a reduction of symptoms. The most common ailments before the treatment were dry skin (71.4%), hoarseness (65.7%) and rough skin (54.3 %). After the treatment, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of constipation (p = 0.004), dry skin (p = 0.022), hoarseness (p = 0.002), decreased sweating (p = 0.006), and delayed Achilles reflex (p = 0.002). Quality of life was not changed significantly after LT4 treatment. In the group of 18 patients who discontinued the treatment, many symptoms and signs reappeared with the TSH increasing (6.8 ? 1.1 mIU/L): periorbital edema, constipation, weight gain, decreased sweating, slow motion and delayed Achilles reflex. The median of the ?ulewski index after discontinuation of LT4 was 6.0 (4.0?9.0) (p = 0.010). Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in the general health score, and vitality, role emotional and mental health scores. Conclusions. Clinical score, based on symptoms and signs, is a sensitive and reproducible test for objective estimation of LT4 treatment effects in symptomatic SCH patients with TSH <10 mIU/L and supports individually adjusted treatment. Symptomatic SCH is not necessarily associated with a quality of life impairment that may be significantly improved by LT4 treatment. Changes in general health, vitality, mental health and emotional role after LT4 cessation suggest that some aspects of life quality can be affected by subtle variations in thyroxine availability.
IL-32 expression associated with lymph vessel invasion in intestinal type of gastric cancer
Authors: Pavlovic Mladen , Jurisevic Milena , Gajovic Nevena , Mitrovic Slobodanka , Jovanovic Milan , Radosavljevic Gordana , Pantic Jelena , Radovanovic Dragce , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Jovanovic Ivan
Published: October 2018

Background/Aim. Gastric cancer (GC) is fourth most frequent malignant tumor worldwide, frequently diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prognosis. The aim of study was to determine expression of interleukin (IL)-32, proinflammatory and angiogenic mediators in the tumor, peritumor and healthy tissue, in patients with intestinal gastric cancer and the relationship with the disease severity. Methods. The tissue samples of intestinal type of the tumor of 60 patients with GC were analyzed. Expression of IL-32, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-17 and CD31 were measured by immunohistochemistry. Results. IL-32, VEGF and IL-17 expression as well as microvascular density (MVD) were diminished in adjacent tumor tissues compared with the tumor ones. Further, more intense expression of IL-32 and VEGF and enhanced MVD were noticed in patients with severe (TNM stages III and IV) and more progressive GC (lymph vessel invasion). Conclusion. Higher expression of IL-32, VEGF and intense MVD in the tumor tissue of GC patients with detectable lymph vessel invasion may be considered as a sign of the tumor?s malignant progression. This indicates a protumorogenic and proangiogenic role of IL-32 in biology of intestinal type of gastric cancer.
Adaptive β-Cell Neogenesis in the Adult Mouse in Response to Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Courty Emilie , Besseiche Adrien , Do Thi Thu Huong , Liboz Alexandrine , Aguid Fatima Mohamed , Quilichini Evans , Buscato Melissa , Gourdy Pierre , Gautier Jean-François , Riveline Jean-Pierre , Haumaitre Cécile , Buyse Marion , Fève Bruno , Guillemain Ghislaine , Blondeau Bertrand
Published: October 2018

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by deficient insulin secretion and decreased β-cell mass. Thus, regenerative strategies to increase β-cell mass need to be developed. To characterize mechanisms of β-cell plasticity, we studied a model of severe insulin resistance in the adult mouse and defined how β-cells adapt. Chronic corticosterone (CORT) treatment was given to adult mice and led to rapid insulin resistance and adaptive increased insulin secretion. Adaptive and massive increase of β-cell mass was observed during treatment up to 8 weeks. β-Cell mass increase was partially reversible upon treatment cessation and reinduced upon subsequent treatment. β-Cell neogenesis was suggested by an increased number of islets, mainly close to ducts, and increased Sox9 and Ngn3 mRNA levels in islets, but lineage-tracing experiments revealed that neoformed β-cells did not derive from Sox9- or Ngn3-expressing cells. CORT treatment after β-cell depletion partially restored β-cells. Finally, β-cell neogenesis was shown to be indirectly stimulated by CORT because serum from CORT-treated mice increased β-cell differentiation in in vitro cultures of pancreatic buds. Altogether, the results present a novel model of β-cell neogenesis in the adult mouse and identify the presence of neogenic factors in the serum of CORT-treated mice.
Prolonged Prothrombotic Effects of Antecedent Hypoglycemia in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chow Elaine , Iqbal Ahmed , Walkinshaw Emma , Phoenix Fladia , Macdonald Ian A. , Storey Robert F. , Ajjan Ramzi , Heller Simon R.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

Hypoglycemia has been linked to persistent increases in cardiovascular (CV) mortality in type 2 diabetes after the event. Our aim was to examine acute and downstream effects of hypoglycemia on markers of thrombosis risk and inflammation in type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Twelve individuals with type 2 diabetes with no history of CV disease and 11 age- and BMI-matched volunteers without diabetes underwent paired hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic (glucose 6 mmol/L for two 60-min periods) and hypoglycemic (glucose 2.5 mmol/L for two 60-min periods) clamps on separate occasions on day 0. Fibrin clot properties, platelet reactivity, and inflammatory markers were measured at baseline, end of and after recovery from the initial clamp, day 1, and day 7 using validated assays and electron microscopy.

RESULTS

Euglycemic hyperinsulinemia reduced platelet reactivity, decreased fibrin clot density, and improved fibrinolytic efficiency in both groups. Platelet reactivity and aggregation increased during acute hypoglycemia in both groups, resolving at recovery. In type 2 diabetes, clot lysis times and clot maximum absorbance increased up to day 7 (P = 0.002 and 0.001 vs. euglycemia, respectively), but clots from control subjects without diabetes showed limited changes. Fibrin network density increased Δ 1.15 ± 0.28 fibers/μm2 at day 7 after the hypoglycemic clamp (P < 0.01 for glycemic arm), whereas fibrinogen and complement C3 increased after hypoglycemia up to day 7 in type 2 diabetes only.

CONCLUSIONS

Antecedent hypoglycemia has acute and persistent prothrombotic effects, lasting at least 7 days, that were enhanced in individuals with type 2 diabetes. These findings identify mechanisms by which hypoglycemia might increase short- and medium-term risk of CV mortality.
Area Deprivation and Regional Disparities in Treatment and Outcome Quality of 29,284 Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes in Germany: A Cross-sectional Multicenter DPV Analysis
Authors: Auzanneau Marie , Lanzinger Stefanie , Bohn Barbara , Kroschwald Peter , Kuhnle-Krahl Ursula , Holterhus Paul Martin , Placzek Kerstin , Hamann Johannes , Bachran Rainer , Rosenbauer Joachim , Maier Werner
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

This study analyzed whether area deprivation is associated with disparities in health care of pediatric type 1 diabetes in Germany.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We selected patients <20 years of age with type 1 diabetes and German residence documented in the “diabetes patient follow-up” (Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation [DPV]) registry for 2015/2016. Area deprivation was assessed by quintiles of the German Index of Multiple Deprivation (GIMD 2010) at the district level and was assigned to patients. To investigate associations between GIMD 2010 and indicators of diabetes care, we used multivariable regression models (linear, logistic, and Poisson) adjusting for sex, age, migration background, diabetes duration, and German federal state.

RESULTS

We analyzed data from 29,284 patients. From the least to the most deprived quintile, use of continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) decreased from 6.3 to 3.4% and use of long-acting insulin analogs from 80.8 to 64.3%, whereas use of rapid-acting insulin analogs increased from 74.7 to 79.0%; average HbA1c increased from 7.84 to 8.07% (62 to 65 mmol/mol), and the prevalence of overweight from 11.8 to 15.5%, but the rate of severe hypoglycemia decreased from 12.1 to 6.9 events/100 patient-years. Associations with other parameters showed a more complex pattern (use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]) or were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Area deprivation was associated not only with key outcomes in pediatric type 1 diabetes but also with treatment modalities. Our results show, in particular, that the access to CGMS and CSII could be improved in the most deprived regions in Germany.
Prediabetes Is Associated With Structural Brain Abnormalities: The Maastricht Study
Authors: van Agtmaal Marnix J.M. , Houben Alfons J.H.M. , de Wit Vera , Henry Ronald M.A. , Schaper Nicolaas C. , Dagnelie Pieter C. , van der Kallen Carla J. , Koster Annemarie , Sep Simone J. , Kroon Abraham A. , Jansen Jacobus F.A. , Hofman Paul A. , Backes Walter H. , Schram Miranda T. , Stehouwer Coen D.A.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

Structural brain abnormalities are key risk factors for brain diseases, such as dementia, stroke, and depression, in type 2 diabetes. It is unknown whether structural brain abnormalities already occur in prediabetes. Therefore, we investigated whether both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are associated with lacunar infarcts (LIs), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and brain atrophy.

RESEARCH DESIGN and METHODS

We used data from 2,228 participants (1,373 with normal glucose metabolism [NGM], 347 with prediabetes, and 508 with type 2 diabetes (oversampled); mean age 59.2 ± 8.2 years; 48.3% women) of the Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study. Diabetes status was determined with an oral glucose tolerance test. Brain imaging was performed with 3 Tesla MRI. Results were analyzed with multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses.

RESULTS

Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes were associated with the presence of LIs (odds ratio 1.61 [95% CI 0.98–2.63] and 1.67 [1.04–2.68], respectively; Ptrend = 0.027), larger WMH (β 0.07 log10-transformed mL [log-mL] [95% CI 0.00–0.15] and 0.21 log-mL [0.14–0.28], respectively; Ptrend <0.001), and smaller white matter volumes (β −4.0 mL [−7.3 to −0.6] and −7.2 mL [−10.4 to −4.0], respectively; Ptrend <0.001) compared with NGM. Prediabetes was not associated with gray matter volumes or the presence of CMBs.

CONCLUSIONS

Prediabetes is associated with structural brain abnormalities, with further deterioration in type 2 diabetes. These results indicate that, in middle-aged populations, structural brain abnormalities already occur in prediabetes, which may suggest that the treatment of early dysglycemia may contribute to the prevention of brain diseases.
Increased Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes–Related Complications in Combined Type 2 Diabetes and Sickle Cell Trait
Authors: Skinner Sarah C. , Diaw Mor , Pialoux Vincent , Mbaye Maïmouna Ndour , Mury Pauline , Lopez Philomène , Bousquet Delphine , Gueye Fatou , Diedhiou Demba , Joly Philippe , Renoux Céline , Sow Djiby , Diop Saliou , Ranque Brigitte , Vinet Agnès , Samb Abdoulaye , Guillot Nicolas , Connes Philippe
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, where sickle cell trait (SCT) is also frequent. Although SCT is generally considered a benign condition, evidence suggests that SCT could exaggerate vascular dysfunction in T2D. However, it remains unclear whether SCT could increase the risk of the development of T2D complications. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether T2D complications were more prevalent among Senegalese individuals with SCT and T2D than among those with T2D only.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Rates of hypertension, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease, and impaired renal function as well as arterial stiffness, blood rheology, and concentrations of plasma advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and cytokines were compared between groups of Senegalese individuals with combined SCT and T2D (T2D-SCT) (n = 60), T2D (n = 52), SCT (n = 53), and neither T2D nor SCT (control) (n = 56). Human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) expression of inflammatory and adhesion factors was measured after treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α and subjects’ plasma. Effects of AGE inhibition or tiron on HAEC expression of E-selectin were measured.

RESULTS

Retinopathy, hypertension, and reduced renal function were more prevalent, and arterial stiffness, blood viscosity at high shear rates, and thixotropic index were higher, in the T2D-SCT group compared with the other groups. Multivariable analysis showed that plasma AGE concentration was significantly associated with arterial stiffness. E-selectin expression was elevated in HAECs treated with T2D-SCT plasma compared with the other groups, but AGE inhibition reversed this.

CONCLUSIONS

SCT could potentially augment the risk of the development of T2D-related complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and hypertension.
Model Tabanlı Tasarım Metotları Kullanılarak Gerçek Zamanlı Bir Görüntü İşleme Sisteminin Tasarımı ve Gerçeklemesi
Authors: DEMİRCİ Mustafa Yusuf , YABANOVA İsmail
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmada gerçek zamanlı bir görüntü işleme sisteminin tasarımı Zynq mimarisi ve model tabanlı tasarım araçları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemde FPGA ve mikroişlemci birleşiminden oluşan yeni bir mimari olan Zynq-7000 yongasını barındıran bir geliştirme kartı kullanılmış ve bu sisteme uyumlu olan yüksek çözünürlüklü bir kamera ile alınan görüntü üzerinde gri ton dönüşümü, kenar bulma, gürültü giderme ve keskinleştirme filtreleri uygulanarak gerçek zamanlı bir biçimde işlenmiş olan görüntü monitöre aktarılmıştır. Sistemde kullanılan filtre donanım tasarımları HDL kodu yazılmadan Matlab/Simulink ortamında HDL Coder aracı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kameradan görüntü alan sistemin donanım tasarımı Xilinx firmasının geliştirdiği Vivado Suite isimli araçla yine model tabanlı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Son olarak tasarlanan donanıma uygun yazılımın geliştirilmesi yapılarak sonuçlar ve sistemin kaynak kullanımı incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda sistemin gerçek zamanlı olarak başarıyla çalıştığı görülmüştür.
fCDN:A Novel-Energy Efficient Content Delivery Architecture over Next Generation Systems
Authors: OZTOPRAK Kasim
Published: October 2018

Content Delivery in
mobile networks are gaining popularity with an increasing demand by new mobile
subscriptions. Reduction of the outgoing traffic is becoming an important
issue, which is proposed to be reduced by a futuristic Content Delivery System
(fCDN) for Mobile Operators. The proposed system utilizes the idea
Device-to-Device Communication (D2D), with a dynamic resource allocation
support of SDN-NFV based systems and the locating of a content. The approach is
to use the content of a node as close as possible to a mobile user, which may
reduce the cost of communication, and power consumption while increasing the
Quality of Experience. The energy consumption can be reduced by proposed model  up to 8 fold. When enabling the users to use
5G based systems, it reduces the energy consumption by a factor of 50 fold. The
simulation results demonstrate that the use of proposed method outperforms the
current state of the art systems in power consumption.
Språk teller! Om hvordan elever løser, tenker rundt og skriver om et regnestykke
Authors: Ulland Gro , Røskeland Marianne , Herheim Rune
Published: October 2018

I denne artikkelen undersøker vi potensielle sammenhenger mellom skriving og forståelse i matematikkfaget. Materialet består av 28 elevtekster der elever fra 7. og 10. trinn løser en regneoppgave og skriver om hvordan de tenker og går frem for å løse den. Ved å analysere elevtekster har vi søkt innsikt i hva elever vektlegger når de individuelt løser en oppgave skriftlig. Artikkelen har utspring i erfaringer fra satsingen på Ungdomstrinn i utvikling, særlig med kunnskapsområdet skriving som grunnleggende ferdighet. Der viste det seg at et fåtall av matematikklærerne ser på seg selv som skrivelærere, noe som også støttes i forskningslitteraturen. Analysene av elevtekstene viser hvordan elever posisjonerer seg som skrivere i matematikk gjennom språk, forklaringsmåte og utregning, og hvordan de anvender ulike representasjoner. Avslutningsvis diskuteres forholdet mellom å forklare og å tenke i elevtekstene. Vi finner at en kombinasjon av utregning og forklarende tekst gir mer informasjon om elevens matematikkforståelse og holdning til faget enn utregningen med tall alene. Skrivingen kan dessuten utvikle fagspråk og bidra til læring i matematikk. Vi finner også at selve oppgavedesignet gir føringer for hvordan elevene løser oppgaven. I tillegg kan elevenes skriving gi læreren et bedre utgangspunkt for å veilede elevene i matematikk.
English abstract
Language Counts! On How Pupils Solve, Think and Write About an Arithmetic Problem
In this article, we examine potential relations between writing and understanding in school mathematics.The material consists of 28 student texts in which students from 7th and 10th grade solve a mathematical task and write about how they think and how they proceed in order to solve it. In analyzing the student texts, we seek insight into what students emphasize when they individually solve a written assignment. The article is based on experiences from a national priority program on school development, in particular on the competence area “writing as a basic skill”. We found that few of the mathematics teachers regarded themselves as writing teachers, which is in line with the prevalent research literature. The analyzes of the student texts show how students position themselves as mathematical writers through their use of language, by the way they explain, and calculate, and how they use different representations. Finally, the relation between explaining and thinking in the student texts is discussed. We find that a combination of calculation and explanatory text provides more information about the student’s mathematical understanding and their attitude towards the subject than calculations with numbers alone. In addition, writing can help students develop a professional language and contribute to learning in mathematics. We also document how task design can influence how the students solve a task, and how the students’ writing can provide teachers with a better starting point for helping their students learn mathematics.
Excava(c)tion in Vignale. Archaeology on stage, archaeology on the Web
Authors: Costa Stefano , Ripanti Francesco
Published: October 2018

As an orchestra or a rock star, archaeologists have their audience too. This paper wants to highlight an integrated approach between fieldwork, its account and its dissemination to the public in different ways, including social media. This potential integration has come to life in the 2011 excavation of the Roman mansio of Vignale (Italy) and it has been named “Excava(c)tion”. It doesn’t mean a new way of digging but another way of approaching the excavation, an approach integrated toward and with the public, both on site and on the social Web. “Excava(c)tion” conceives the site as a stage and digging as a performance, through a continuous dialogue between archaeologists and the public. Archaeologists share their work in the form of guided tours (live, theatrical-like performances), communicative diaries and videos (edited, motion-picture performances) and on a blog (www.uominiecoseavignale.it). They receive back comments and oral accounts from the local community about the main themes of common interest. “Excava(c)tion” means engagement both of archaeologists and the public in the pursuit of a global multivocality during archaeological excavation.
Of Pyramids and Dictators: Memory, Work and the Significance of Communist Heritage in Post-Socialist Albania
Authors: Iacono Francesco , Këlliçi Klejd L.
Published: October 2018

The communist regime that governed Albania between 1944 and 1991 has left considerable architectural remains. These however, are rapidly dissapearing, as a result of recent development. This paper explores the perception of the monumental heritage of the socialist regime in current day Albania. In our view, concepts of “unwanted” or “difficult” heritage used in the past to make sense of the heritage of socialist dictatorships, are not able to fully account for the specificities of the Albanian case as aspects other than trauma and pain need to be considered.The perception of the heritage from Albania’s communist past is investigated both through a theoretical discussion, which addresses the relationship between “unwanted heritage” and phenomena of nostalgia for certain aspects of life during communism, as well as through a questionnaire targeted at a sample of the population of the capital city Tirana. As far as this last aspect is concerned, our focus has been on the most iconic communist monument in Tirana, the Pyramid, the former museum dedicated to the dictator Enver Hoxha.In the last part of the paper, we try to make sense of the trends that emerged through the analysis of quantitative data, addressing the role of work and related forms of memory in forging the relationship between Albanians and the material remains of their recent past.
Development and Re-Configuration of Heritage Perception: History Textbooks and Curriculum
Authors: Apaydin Veysel
Published: October 2018

The plundering, looting and neglect of archaeological and heritage sites are quite common in many parts of the world. Turkey is one such country that has a poor record of preservation of archaeological and heritage sites, particularly those of minority ethnic groups and from the prehistoric and ancient periods. In other words, those which are not part of the national/official past of Turkey. The main reason for this is that Turkish formal education neglects the prehistoric and ancient past, and ‘others’ the past of minority groups. This paper will examine and discuss how and to what extent archaeology and heritage related topics are presented in formal education in Turkey, i.e., national, minority groups, prehistoric and ancient pasts and antiquities by analysing the curriculum and textbooks from 2013. Specifically, this paper will demonstrate that history education in schools has a major impact on the development and re-configuration of heritage perception, which can either lead to the protection or neglect of heritage.
Droping the Trowel: Three Discourses and One Creative Archaeology
Authors: Mármol Martínez José Antonio
Published: October 2018

Archaeology offers insight into the values of the contemporary world. From three separate discourses, which address different temporalities and sites, an overarching archaeological narrative has been established, which reflects the role of art and heritage in artistic destruction; education and archaeology as an educational and social tool; and materiality (in the present case, the Chinese pottery sherds in Al-Andalus) in the interpretations and acts of archaeologists. The visual values of archaeology and the role of the archaeological imagination to unify disparate archaeological practices will be explored here. The permeability of the spheres of archaeology and art allow us to explore both archaeological and artistic practices, as well as reflect on universal convictions and on the potentiality of archaeological practice to intervene in social contexts. With all this, archaeology acquires relevance insofar as it is a practice that is able to address the problems of the present day. In line with the so-called ‘creative archaeologies’, with their experimentation and creation of artistic works (in this case photographic), this paper aims to reflect on new ways to ‘see’ archaeology, which has never been more necessary.
Integrating Research, Outreach, and Education at the Gipson Site
Authors: Pierce Greg
Published: October 2018

In the Fall of 2015 the Office of the Wyoming State Archaeologist (OWSA) conducted archaeological investigations at the Gipson site, a historic campsite located in the Laramie Mountains of Wyoming. This project was undertaken at the request of the property owners and successfully synthesized research, outreach, and education. During the field session twelve students and volunteers ranging in age from 10 to 60 conducted survey, metal detecting, and test excavations. Data collected from this work has the ability to give clarity to the nature of the 19th century occupation and will add to the understanding of railroad building activities in the West. However, the benefits of this project extend beyond the informational value the collected data provide. Through the integration of students from the University of Wyoming and local volunteers, including the property owners, the Gipson site investigations proved to be a successful public outreach and archaeological educational tool. This paper will provide background on the project and discuss the challenges and benefits of incorporating outreach and education into a standard research project.
Religious Diplomacy of the Soviet Unionduring the Cold War (the Time of N.S. Khrushchev and L.I. Brezhnev)
Authors: BELYAKOVA N. A. , PIVOVAROV N. Yu.
Published: October 2018

This article will be consider the main areas of cooperation between Soviet departments and religious organizations in international politics from the mid-1950s to the mid-1980s. Contacts of the representatives of the churches of the USSR steadily expanded in geographical and religious terms at that time. The article shows that the establishment of contacts under the religious line, material support and promotion of international relations of religious organizations of the USSR were part of “people’s democracy”. This was used as “soft power” to spread the Soviet ideological project. Religious diplomacy contributed to the reduction of international tension, was a channel of alternative relations between the two opposing superpowers in a bipolar world. At the same time, the Soviet Union continued the ideological struggle against religion and its institutions, and the socially significant activities of Soviet religious leaders were addressed only to foreign audiences.
Shiite Clergy in Iran’s Political Life
Authors: DUNAEVA E. V.
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the role of Shiite clergy in the Islamic revolution and in the political life of Islamic Republic of Iran. The author attempts to analize the possibilities of the Islamic regime’s survival in the context of modernizing society. IRI is a special model of the state system that embodies the idea of the Islamic rule of Imam Khomeini. Its political, socioeconomic, legal spheres are based on Islamic principles. The clergy managed to establish almost absolute control over secular institutions. At the same time, the Iranian regime can not be regarded as the only theocratic. It combines Islamic ideas with republican principles and admits democracy as a form of political participation. Iran’s political system combines elements of the modern Islamic theocracy with republican principles. Over nearly 40-years of its existence (since 1979), the political system underwent certain transformations which were caused by the economic and sociocultural development of the society and external factors. The liberalization of the economic sphere and the development of political parties put on the agenda political changes. Liberal-minded clergy relying on the ideas of religious modernism support the strengthening of democratic elements within the Islamic Republic. Some of them are ready to abandon the principle of “velayat-e faqih” or to reduce the authority of the leader in political sphere. They initiated reforms in political and public sphere.However, the clergy standing on the positions of fundamentalism, is not ready to reduce the Islamic component. They condemn the modernization trends intensified in Iranian society in recent years and are trying to bring the country back to the first post-revolutionary decade. However, the society is not ready to share such approaches. During the recent election campaigns Iranians have supported the liberal forces. The events of early 2018 demonstrated the protest potential of the society.This shows the desire of the citizens for further democratization of the political system and secularization of the public life. Although, there are calls for overthrowing the dictatorship of the clergy among the opposition groups in the West and inside the country. Hopes for the democratisation of the regime have not been lost. If external factors do not have a destructive effect, then the implementation of the Iranian model of modernization can become a reality.
Migration Flows of the “Southern” Christians from the Countries of Tropical Africa to Secular Europe at the Beginning of the 21st Century: The Meeting of “Northern” and “Southern” Christianity
Authors: ANDREEVA L. A.
Published: October 2018

In the 21st century we observe revolutionary changes that happen under the influence of globalization. These changes have covered the whole world. On the one hand, they manifest as a rapid shift of the centre of Christianity from the countries of so-called “global North” to the countries of so-called “global South”. On the other hand, they manifest as migration flows of “Southern” Christians from the countries of Tropical Africa to Europe that bring some archaization not only to modern European Christianity but to secular European civilization itself. This paper presents results of the analysis which has shown that modern European values are secular, and European Christianity is rapidly transforming into culture. In comparison to European values, the values of African Christianity have a genuine religious ground, and the society in countries of the Tropical Africa is traditional and being dominated by community values. Therefore, we can conclude that the “Northern” and the “Southern” Christianity exist in different temporal dimensions from the civilizational point of view. We can make a certain prediction that the meeting of “Southern” and “Northern” Christianity in the environment of modern European civilizational code alien to African Christianity will bring lots of challenges to the both branches of Christianity. In the foreseeable future, the issue of mass migration of “Southern” Christians from the countries of Tropical Africa will not be less acute than extensively discussed Islamization of Europe, although both of these issues have similar origin, namely the Renaissance of archaic in Europe brought about by migration flows.
Russian Orthodoxy Nowadays
Authors: LEKSIN V. N.
Published: October 2018

Russian Orthodoxy is one of the most mythologized and difficult for scientific research fragments of modern Russia’s social life. Thus, the statements still exist on the universal Orthodoxy of the Russian people, because the State statistics does not really characterize a condition of the population or its different groups religiosity (rare exception is few indicators in the reports on periodical population census). Moreover, the researcher constantly faces polar estimates of the same situations in Russian Orthodoxy, both in publications of its irreconcilable opponents and apologists, while analysis of dichotomy “religiosity/ secularism” often goes beyond the boundaries of scientific discussions. At the same time these difficulties shouldn’t be overestimated. Splendid works by domestic sociologists have emerged that characterized actual religiosity of our contemporaries, formation of Church statistics has begun, reliable information on real events in Orthodox life have begun to be published regularly in the materials of cathedral and diocesan assemblies, Orthodox mass-media are becoming more and more informative and analytical (including Internet) and so on. Euphoria in connection with religious life legalization in Russia is passing off, the attitude to what is taking place in the sphere of Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) – the clergy and laity – is becomingmore realistic, while problematic situations are becoming an object of open discussions and for the most part of them appropriate solutions are being found. Along with all the unshakeable fundamentals of Orthodoxy, dynamism of modern Orthodoxy life is very high, as it is shown in the article. Russian Orthodoxy goes far and in various ways beyond Church boundaries. In the article an attempt is made to throw light on just several aspects of this phenomenon. These are estimates of a number of people leading an Orthodox way of life, parameters of rapid expansion of Church institutions and increase of the clergy number, innovations in Church education, ROC’s attitude to non-Orthodoxy and adherence to different faith, problems of real separation of Church and State and the place of Orthodoxy in modern culture. ROC’s role in social and political life of Russia is clearly in contrast with the situation in a number of Western countries and it seems to be one of significant but unfortunately, weakly accented problems of modern politological analysis.