bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normalisation et singularisation dans les institutions : pour une clinique non enfermée
Authors: Saules Ignacio Paula
Published: October 2021

Nous partons des travaux généalogiques de Michel Foucault et de la pensée clinico-institutionnelle de François Tosquelles et de Jean Oury pour développer les rapports étroits qu’entretiennent la pratique clinique et la manière de diriger les services de santé. Cette idée implique que, pour changer les pratiques cliniques, il est essentiel de changer les pratiques d’appropriation du travail. La manière de s’approprier le travail en psychothérapie institutionnelle remet en question les processus de normation et de normalisation tels qu’ils sont décrits par Michel Foucault, notamment en repensant les structures hiérarchiques et de cloisonnements portées par les « statuts ». Notre problématique est de réfléchir sur l’articulation entre clinique et institution. Nous postulons que ce n’est qu’à travers sa manière de penser l’institution que la psychothérapie institutionnelle, peut aboutir à une clinique de la singularité. L’institution, au service de la clinique, est ainsi tournée vers l’émergence des processus de singularisation qui se déploient par l’idée d’une constellation transférentielle, par l’expérimentation de cogestion du club thérapeutique par les usagers et les professionnels et par la tentative permanente d’analyse institutionnelle.
Modèle humanimal de pratique en médiation animale – zoothérapie. Où mettre nos pas dans l’empreinte de leurs pattes ouvre sur de nouveaux possibles
Authors: Fournier Chouinard Emmanuelle
Published: October 2021

Dans certaines pratiques anthropocentrées en médiation animale, l’animal non-humain est encore considéré comme un « outil au service de l’Homme » plutôt qu’un partenaire à l’intervention. Cette instrumentalisation le met à risque de vivre de l’abus en plus de possiblement limiter la portée de l’intervention. La reconnaissance de l’agentivité de l’animal non-humain semble donc nécessaire pour libérer le véritable potentiel et ainsi accéder à la richesse de la médiation animale. À l’aide d’illustrations cliniques, l’auteur présente le Modèle humanimal de pratique en médiation animale – zoothérapie qu’elle a développé, un dispositif permettant d’embrasser ce changement de paradigme.
Défendre les libertés publiques au sein des armées : la Ligue des droits de l’homme et le comité droits et libertés dans l’institution militaire
Authors: Launay Maxime
Published: October 2021

La LDH mettait en place en 1978 un comité permanent de surveillance des droits et libertés dans l’institution militaire (CDLIM). Sa mission était de rappeler à l’institution militaire le respect des principes fondamentaux d’une démocratie, sans pratiquer un antimilitarisme systématique. Centré sur la défense des libertés publiques, ce comité a fait du droit une arme politique. Après 1981 la victoire de la gauche à l’élection présidentielle en a fait une vigie face au nouveau pouvoir.
Compte rendu des journées d’étude Pratiques contemporaines de l’histoire orale. De l’entretien aux archives orales , 11-13 avril 2019, EHESS, Paris
Authors: Kasapi Ioanna
Published: October 2021

L’article rend compte des journées d’étude Pratiques contemporaines de l’histoire orale. De l’entretien aux archives orales organisées par Ariane Mak (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales) et Carine Lemouneau (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne), les 11-13 avril 2019, EHESS, Paris.
Jacques Delors et les États-Unis : la politique américaine active d’un président de la Commission européenne (1989-1995)
Authors: Barbaroux Julien
Published: October 2021

Cet article propose d’étudier la politique américaine qu’élabore Jacques Delors à la tête de la Commission européenne. Il cherche à normaliser les relations transatlantiques et à en faire un instrument pour l’Europe de l’après-Guerre froide. Cette politique lui coûte en influence et produit peu de résultats concrets mais la Commission en sort renforcée au sein de la CEE et à l’international.
Bristol, « ville accueillante » : gouvernance locale, mythe de la « diversité » et leadership du maire
Authors: Salomon Marie-Aude
Published: October 2021

Cet article analyse le processus de construction d’une politique locale d’accueil et d’intégration des populations migrantes, à partir d’une enquête de terrain menée à Bristol en 2020 auprès d’acteurs municipaux, associatifs, privés, universitaires et de citoyens ordinaires. Dans un contexte national britannique hostile à l’immigration et marqué par des mesures d’austérité, cette politique émerge graduellement à la croisée de prises de position municipales, d’engagements associatifs et d’une stratégie de développement du territoire orchestrée par les acteurs publics locaux. En eﬀet, la politique d’accueil de Bristol en tant que « ville accueillante » s’appuie concrètement sur une mobilisation associative financée de plus en plus par le secteur privé, et sur l’engagement de la municipalité. Nous montrons comment, tout en initiant des dispositifs institutionnels temporaires qui s’appuient sur une expertise externe, la municipalité de Bristol mobilise le mythe et l’image d’une ville « cosmopolite » et d’une grande diversité ethnique et culturelle, ainsi que le leadership politique de certains élus sur les questions migratoires, pour faire de Bristol une « ville accueillante ».
Métapsychologie de la haine et constructions de genre
Authors: Touati Anaïs
Published: October 2021

Cet article a pour visée de traiter la violence propre aux constructions de genre. L’actualité ainsi que l’analyse étymologique et historique du terme « violence » nous engagent sur la voie du pouvoir et des normes dominantes. Le pouvoir chargé de discriminer et ségréguer une majorité d’une minorité n’est pas sans avoir certains effets sur la psyché et sur les constructions genrées. C’est précisément ce que tente de mettre en lumière le concept de « mélancolie de genre » de Judith Butler. À partir de la dialectique du désir et de l’interdit incorporés dans la psyché, Butler situe l’origine du sujet genré. Le genre procéderait d’une figure de retournement en soi ou plutôt contre soi. En effet, en faisant régresser l’investissement d’objet – ici homosexuel primaire – à l’identification dans le moi, le genre s’apparente à la figure du trope, propre à la mélancolie. Ce tour de force n’est pas sans ramener la conflictualité qui avait cours avec l’objet dans l’intériorité de la psyché. Nous tenterons, par ce retournement, d’éclairer les manifestations d’agressivité à l’encontre de ce moi « genré », désormais déguisé sous les traits de l’objet. Nous voulons, par cette recherche, mettre en exergue la violence inhérente aux constructions de genre, et montrer, qui plus est, que la haine et la destructivité créent le genre.
Pour un dialogue fécond entre Études décoloniales et Pychanalyse
Authors: Boutebal Salima
Published: October 2021

À travers les études décoloniales, il est question d’inventer un pluriversel susceptible de considérer le divers, la différence, de penser l’être en commun plutôt que le faire communauté. Dans la rupture épistémique proposée par les chercheurs décoloniaux, se rejoue quelque chose du positionnement théorique défendu par la théorie psychanalytique, dans la réalité contemporaine des corps minorisés. Pour que l’histoire singulière puisse devenir appui théorique, le chercheur décolonial doit, comme le psychanalyste, se déprendre de ses préjugés. Plus précisément, un tel positionnement, en dépit de l’écart réflexif qu’il suppose, ne peut tenir sans une réelle prise en considération de sa subjectivité et un travail visant à transformer la violence inhérente à la traversée de son histoire singulière.
Aux côtés d’un travail de survie
Authors: Younes Mira
Published: October 2021

Cet article se fait l’écho d’une expérience de recherche auprès de travailleuses domestiques migrantes à Beyrouth (Liban) insérées dans un dispositif de travail non libre. Il présente une analyse de processus mélancoliques perceptibles dans la rencontre avec les participantes à la recherche, tout en décrivant le « travail de survie » qu’elles mettent en œuvre. Au-delà du contexte initial de la recherche, cette contribution vise à présenter les implications du « travail de survie » dans une pratique clinique qui s’affronte aux expériences de la déshumanisation. Ce concept suppose, en effet, une levée du déni du réel social, ainsi qu’une attention particulière envers les relations vivantes et les pratiques subjectivantes qui permettent la fabrication d’un monde vivable.
Un manuscrit de Philippe le Bon et la Danse Macabré du cimetière des Saints-Innocents
Authors: Wijsman Hanno
Published: October 2021

La reconstitution d’un manuscrit de la Librairie des ducs de Bourgogne que l’on croyait perdu permet de jeter une nouvelle lumière sur son contenu très varié, dont un témoin de la Danse Macabré . Grâce à des descriptions du xv e et du xviii e  siècle, les trois morceaux de ce manuscrit, aujourd’hui dispersés entre Paris et Besançon, ont pu être retrouvés. L’analyse codicologique permet d’en dater l’origine dans les années 1420–1430, soit les années au cours desquelles furent exécutés les peintures du cimetière des Saints-Innocents à Paris, alors sous domination anglo-bourguignonne. Ainsi, nous pouvons démontrer que la cour de Philippe le Bon a été encore plus importante que l’on croyait pour la genèse, la réception et la diffusion du texte de la Danse Macabré de Paris et des danses macabres en général.
La corrélation poétique du miracle marial et de la Passion de Jésus dans le codex Vatican , BAV, Pal. Lat. 1969
Authors: Nuh Ilsiona
Published: October 2021

Les premiers mystères de la Passion en langue vernaculaire posent avec acuité la question du genre dramatique et de son éventuelle performance. Reprenant la question des vers dits narratifs insérés dans une forme dialoguée coulée dans le moule de l’octosyllabe, l’article interroge la poétique du théâtre en inscrivant dans son analyse le support matériel où est consignée la Passion du Palatinus ( Vatican , BAV, Pal. Lat. 1969) et son contexte littéraire interne où le miracle marial précède la Passion. Du fait de sa composition dramatique et de sa trame versificatoire, plusieurs caractéristiques formelles rapprochent le mystère de la Passion du roman, comme la brisure du couplet octosyllabique, frayant ainsi la voie à leur corrélation poétique cristallisée dans le personnage de Marie qui conjugue tradition spirituelle et filiation textuelle par l’intermédiaire des romans cycliques à sujet sacré où la Passion des jongleurs , l’hypotexte du drame, s’insère, et dont la forme marque l’écriture des premiers jeux religieux du xiv e  siècle.
Exploring edible insects’ acceptance through subjective perceptions: a visual Q study
Authors: Mandolesi S. , Naspetti S. , Zanoli R.
Published: October 2021

The practice of eating insects, known as entomophagy, is part of a regular diet for millions of people in Asia, Latin America and Africa. However, the use of insects as food is relatively new in Western countries. The present paper explores the willingness to adopt edible insects as food among Italian consumers using Q methodology. A sample of ‘experts’ (e.g. entomologists) and ‘non-experts’ (e.g. students and other researchers) formed the participant sample (P sample). Participants were asked to rank-order a set of 36 images of food dishes prepared using insects (Q sample). Results showed that visual appearance plays an important role in influencing consumers acceptance of insects as food. The Q analysis identified three distinct viewpoints or consumer profiles: Factor 1 ‘The Traditionalist’; Factor 2 ‘The Fast Food Addicted’; and Factor 3 ‘The Insectivore’. This study confirms that visible insects in food may be problematic for the more traditional viewpoint, while results for the other two factors identify possible avenues for better communicating insect-based food.
Effect of geographical location, insect type and cooking method on the nutritional composition of insects consumed in South Africa
Authors: Hlongwane Z.T. , Siwela M. , Slotow R. , Munyai T.C.
Published: October 2021

Edible insects may be a sustainable source of protein and some other nutrients, especially for low economic status communities. The current study determined the influence of insect type, geographic location and cooking method on the nutritional composition of insects. The investigation would contribute to maximal derivation of the nutritional benefits of insects. Dried samples of four insect types, Gonimbrasia belina (mopani worm), Gynanisa caterpillar, termite soldiers/workers, and termite alates, were procured from different street vendors across Vhembe district in Limpopo Province, South Africa. G. belina samples were cooked by frying, boiling with and without salt addition. Generally, nutrient content varied significantly with insect type and geographic location (P<0.05). Protein content varied from 40 g/100 g in termite alates to 69.75 g/100 g in termite soldiers/workers. Termite soldiers/workers had the highest iron content (range: 545-629.5 mg/kg), whilst Gynanisa caterpillar had the highest zinc content (range: 122.14-150.33 mg/kg). Similarly, Gynanisa caterpillar had the highest levels of lysine (range: 0.80-4.53 g/100 g), threonine (range: 0.79-2.64 g/100 g) and isoleucine (range: 0.63-2.33). On the other hand termite soldiers/workers had the highest levels of valine (range: 2.20-3.47 g/100 g), leucine (range: 2.49-3.87 g/100 g) and phenylalanine (range: 1.38-3.55 g/100 g). Cooking method significantly affected nutrient retention. Boiling with salt added resulted in the highest retention of protein and total mineral content (ash), and, therefore, seems a suitable method for cooking insects. The findings indicate that, if optimally selected and cooked, edible insects can contribute significantly to the alleviation of protein, zinc, and iron deficiencies in target communities.
Legislative landscape of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as feed
Authors: Alagappan S. , Rowland D. , Barwell R. , Mantilla S.M.O. , Mikkelsen D. , James P. , Yarger O. , Hoffman L.C.
Published: October 2021

The demand for animal-based protein sources is increasing rapidly. The rearing of insects on bioproducts and their subsequent use as feedstock for animals has been receiving a lot of attention lately.Hermetia illucens, black soldier flies are highly investigated insects owing to their ability to reduce and transform different types of wastes, such as agricultural, household, municipal wastes, and human sludge. The nutritional composition and amino acid profile of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) raised on these organic wastes is similar to that of several feed constituents making it a suitable material for feed. However, the commercialisation of BSFL is limited due to prevailing unclear legislative requirements regarding their use as feed. In this paper, the legislative landscape involved in using BSFL as feed in different regions is addressed. European Union, Australia, Canada and USA specifically allow the trade and manufacture of BSFL as feed under specific conditions. Interestingly, most countries where entomophagy is a tradition, lack specific regulations concerning their use as feed and are currently drafting regulatory frameworks. Understanding the legislative layout is essential for harmonising the industrial upscaling of BSFL as animal feed.
Advanced Certification in Nursing Professional Development
Authors: Harper Mary G.
Published: October 2021

Advanced certification in nursing professional development is scheduled to launch fall 2021. This column delineates the eligibility, submission, and recertification requirements and shares lessons learned about portfolio development from the nursing professional development specialists who developed the certification processes.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(10):449–451.]
Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention With High-Fidelity Clinical Simulation to Improve Attitudes Toward Teamwork Among Health Professionals
Authors: Muñoz de Morales-Romero Laura , Bermejo-Cantarero Alberto , Martínez-Arce Alejandro , González-Pinilla Juan A. , Rodriguez-Guzman Juan , Baladrón-González Victor , Redondo-Sánchez Jorge , Redondo-Calvo Francisco Javier
Published: October 2021

Background:

Failures in teamwork are a common reason for adverse medical events. The goals of this study are to evaluate attitudes toward teamwork among an interprofessional group of health professionals and to analyze the effectiveness of an educational intervention with high-fidelity clinical simulation to improve these attitudes.

Method:

An educational intervention was developed that used a 6-hour session that included three simulated clinical cases. The Attitudes Toward Health Care Teams Scale was used for assessment. Mean difference before and after the intervention was calculated with the Wilcoxon test.

Results:

Positive attitude toward teamwork after completion of the training activities was measured. The health care professionals who showed the most positive attitude toward teamwork were physicians (93.92,SD= 6.58) and resident physicians (95.01,SD= 6.33). The greatest increase was observed among orderlies (p< .001) and nursing assistants (p< .001).

Conclusion:

The use of clinical simulation for interprofessional training of health care professionals showed a positive effect on attitudes toward teamwork.[J Contin Educ Nurs.2021;52(10):457–467.]
Weathering the Storm of Uncertainty: Transitioning Clinical Specialties as an Experienced Nurse
Authors: Chicca Jennifer
Published: October 2021

Background:

Changing jobs is very stressful for new and experienced nurses alike. However, the focus is usually placed on new graduate nurses. Processes that experienced nurses who transition clinical specialties (new-to-setting nurses) undertake are absent from the literature, threatening negative outcomes.

Method:

Constructivist grounded theory guided discovery of the transition process for new-to-setting nurses, and a trustworthiness protocol was used to augment rigor.

Results:

Experienced nurses who transitioned clinical specialties shared their experiences via 11 in-depth interviews, resulting in the middle range theory: weathering the storm of uncertainty. Nurses detached, encountered uncertainty, and established practice and place as they changed specialties. Nurses continuously handle change, but as they weather such storms, they can not only survive but also thrive.

Conclusion:

This framework provides a structure for nurse leaders (e.g., staff development professionals) as they support experienced nurses at times of change. These leaders can help nurses to successfully navigate changes to improve the safety, quality, and outcomes of health care.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2021;52(10):471–481.]
Triple-hierarchical problems with variational inequality
Authors: JItpeera Thanyarat , Tanaka Tamaki , Kumam Poom
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we suggest and analyze an iterative scheme for finding the triple-hierarchical problem in a real Hilbert space. We also consider the strong convergence for the proposed method under some assumptions. Our results extend ones of Ceng et. al (2011) [2], Yao et. al (2011) [24].
Evaluation Results of an Online Teacher Training Course Specialized in Engineering Education
Authors: Gormaz-Lobos Diego , Galarce-Miranda Claudia , Kersten Steffen
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to present the results of the evaluation of the imple-mentation of a teaching training course in Engineering Pedagogy (EP) at a Chilean university of applied sciences. The research questions that guided the research process were: (i) How do the participants evaluate the course in general? (ii) How do the participants evaluate the didactic design of the course? (iii) How do they evaluate the teaching competencies? (iv) How do they value the usefulness of the learning outcomes for their teaching practice? (v) How they self-evaluate their participation and their learning process? Based on different authors a questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions was developed and implemented online. For the statistical analysis was applied an exploratory-descriptive analysis. The training course consists of two online modules with 90 working hours in LMS, and was designed by the Center of Engineering Education (CIEI) at the University of Talca, according to the IGIP Curricula of the IGIP center at the Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden, Germany). From the first results of the pilot project, it can be noted that there is a high level of motivation and interest to participate in a teaching training course based on EP, which has been specially oriented and designed to meet the specific requirements of the academic staff of engineering schools.
Massive Open Online Courses Model with Self-directed Learning to Enhance Digital Literacy Skills
Authors: Chatwattana Pinanta
Published: October 2021

The massive open online courses model with self-directed learning was developed by the researcher as a tool to promote learning out-side the classroom for the learners in digital age. The concept is based on the combination of new technologies and teaching methods with an attempt to create new ideas and innovations that can promote learning for the modern learners, and meanwhile can directly respond to their learning experiences. Thereby, the instructors are responsible for organizing the environment and creating teaching materials appropriate for the learners by making use of existing technology, which can lead to learning society in digital universities. In reference to the development of this research, the researcher has applied the new principles, the new concepts, the new theories and the new teaching

innovations of the Era 4.0 in order to respond to and accommodate the cur-rent situations of learning in order that they can learn by their own any-where and anytime. The objectives of these learning styles are to encourage the learners to have self-learning experiences, skills, and capability to set up learning plans and evaluate their learning by themselves, with the aid of instructional activities to promote their learning and mutual interaction through the social networks.
Taking Netflix to the Cinema: National Cinema Value Chain Disruptions in the Age of Streaming
Authors: Burgess Diane , Stevens Kirsten
Published: October 2021

This article explores how international over-the-top services impact the national feature film value chain in Canada and Australia. The main objective of this exploration is to interrogate the tendency to classify Netflix as television—whether in the context of broadcasting policy or in light of disciplinary biases that tend to separate media industry studies from the more cinephilic text-focused approaches of film studies. By equating entertainment services like Netflix with television, the discussion of how feature films will sustain themselves in a rapidly changing market becomes sidelined. Examining examples from Canada and Australia, we seek to draw attention to the ways in which film sustains and develops its industry and how services like Netflix relate to policy mechanisms designed to foster national cinema. This article offers an intervention into the developing discourse around Netflix as television to ask the question: what does it mean to consider Netflix as cinema?
El relato europeo de Felipe González en la transición a la democracia : un estudio de narrativa digital
Authors: Sanz Díaz Carlos , Moreno Juste Antonio
Published: October 2021

Dans l'analyse du récit numérique de l'histoire européenne en Espagne, Felipe González est l'une des figures les plus importantes. Son parcours politique le place comme l'un des protagonistes de la grande relance européenne des années 80 et 90. Felipe González fait également partie de la lecture canonique de la transition, dans laquelle la question européenne était très importante. Les documents numériques, et notamment ceux déposés à la Fondation Felipe González, permettent d’analyser à la fois cette histoire et de réfléchir sur les stratégies narratives utilisées par les acteurs politiques dans la politisation de « l'Europe ».
Una historia hecha de cartas. La serie documental « Cartas en el tiempo » de La 2 de TVE
Authors: Blas Verónica Sierra , Carreras-Candi Blanca Flaquer , Gómez Antonio Castillo , Gómez Nuria Barreiro
Published: October 2021

Entre 2018 et 2019, furent diffusées sur la 2 de TVE, les deux saisons de la série documentaire Cartas en el tiempo. A travers une sélection de lettres conservées dans différents types d´archives, écrites à des époques diverses par des personnes de tout genre et de toute condition, les 24 épisodes qui la composaient, servaient à divulguer l´histoire d´Espagne au grand public, de manière originale et plaisante. Le programme avait l´intention également de mettre l´accent sur la valeur de la correspondance comme source historique et sensibiliser la société sur l´importance de sa conservation dans les archives familiales et/ou personnelles. Dans cet article, nous voulons faire connaître le travail réalisé et l´expérience vécue par l'équipe de la série, à partir des lettres qui furent sélectionnées pour décrire la Transition et la démocratie. De plus, nous réfléchirons sur l´impact du programme, grâce aux chiffres de l’audimat, dont nous disposons, et grâce aux différentes informations enregistrées, pendant et après l´émission, sur notre page web et sur nos réseaux sociaux.
Translanguaging Practices in Bilingual Adolescents’ Conversations in Haparanda, Stockholm and Helsinki
Authors: Kolu Jaana
Published: October 2021

Cet article se propose de décrire et de comparer les pratiques langagières d’adolescents bilingues suédois-finnois originaires de Haparanda, Stockholm et Helsinki dans trois situations sociolinguistiques différentes entre 2014 et 2017. Nous analysons ces pratiques par le biais du « translanguaging », un courant théorique qui se définit comme l’utilisation simultanée de ressources linguistiques diverses en situation informelle. Une approche translangagière présente l’avantage d’explorer l’utilisation et les fonctions de l’alternance de ressources en interaction plutôt que de se focaliser sur les langues en elles-mêmes. Une attention particulière est portée aux pratiques translangagières des jeunes bilingues originaires de Haparanda, une ville suédoise située au nord-est de la frontière avec la Finlande, en raison de la rareté des données dans cette zone pourtant connue pour son bilinguisme. Nous démontrons que les adolescents utilisent couramment et avec souplesse des ressources linguistiques diverses telles que le suédois et finnois « standard », l’anglais, le meänkieli1, les dialectes locaux ou encore l’argot des jeunes à des fins communicationnelles. Le contexte sociolinguistique joue un impact considérable pour comprendre l’utilisation de ces ressources.
Nordisk dialektkorpus : introduction aux recherches sur les parlers dans le Norden
Authors: Søfteland Åshild
Published: October 2021

L’article fait découvrir le Corpus des dialectes nordiques aux étudiants en langues scandinaves. Nous décrivons d’abord comment établir un corpus d’énoncés spontanés, en y incluant des détails sur la collecte des données, leur transcription et leur étiquetage. Toutes les langues nordiques sont représentées dans le corpus, mais cet article traite surtout le norvégien. Il donne en outre des conseils basiques sur les possibilités de formuler des recherches dans le corpus, simples aussi bien qu’avancées. Nous fournissons en supplément un tutoriel qui illustre, avec commentaires, les différentes recherches mentionnées dans le texte. La dernière section évoque des cas concrets, et discute comment le corpus peut être mis en œuvre pour les rechercher et les enseigner.
Systematic review of aquatic physical exercise programs on functional fitness in older adults
Authors: Fuentes-Lopez Jose , Vidal-Espinoza Ruben , Alvear-Vasquez Fernando , Sanchez-Macedo Lucila , Mamani Velasquez Dony , Rivera Pacco Wily , Cossio-Bolaños Marco , Gomez Campos Rossana
Published: October 2021

The practice of physical exercise is recommended in the prevention of the deterioration of neuromuscular functions in aging. The objectives of this systematic review were to describe the protocols used and the functional fitness indicators evaluated in aquatic exercise programs in adults aged 50 to 80 years. The Pubmed database was used. The keywords were: 1) Physical exercise program or protocols or duration or type of exercise or aquatic exercise, frequency or intensity or indicators; 2) Adults or older adults; 3) Training or indicators, functional fitness, physical fitness. The search strategy considered the components of the Population, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, and Study design (PICOS) tool. Nine experimental studies were identified. These studies developed protocols to improve functional fitness in adults aged 50 to 80 years. They were based on sessions of 2 to 5 per week, the work time per session was 30 to 60min, intensities varied between 50 to 95% and totaled between 4 to 24 weeks of intervention. The activities were based on aquatic gymnastic exercises aimed at muscular strengthening of the upper and lower extremities, as well as coordination, balance, agility, cycling and walking exercises submerged in water. The protocols developed to improve functional fitness in adults aged 50 to 80 years were based on general physical exercise prescription guidelines (frequency, duration, intensity and type of activity). The application of aquatic exercises based on gymnastic exercises can provoke positive responses on functional fitness if worked at least 2 to 5 times per week, 30 to 60min/day and at intensities of 50 to 95%. These systematized indicators can be used by professionals working with adults to create and promote aquatic programs to improve functional fitness.
Parents living with a child afflicted by a life-limiting medical condition: Typology of their narrative identity
Authors: Lafrenaye Sylvie , Dumas Marc , Gosselin Émilie , Duhamel André , Bourgault Patricia
Published: October 2021

Parents of children suffering from a life-limiting medical condition struggle with difficult existential questions. Our objective was to understand why those parents’ interactions with the medical world were so different, ranging from hostile to collaborative, with the themes of identity, spirituality and serenity. A grounded theory design based on the narrative identity framework was used to interview sixteen parents. Three categories emerged: i) Parents in the Almighty category delegate all their power to God or medicine and are the most suffering parents as they do not author their life; ii) Parents in the Me category make every decision on their own causing much anxiety, and they become rebarbative to the medical world; iii) Parents in the Guide category take advice from others, while remaining the authors of their stories and are the most serene parents. Understanding and recognizing these categories can have a major impact on communication with those families.
Domestic violence in the Old Testament and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A question of identity
Authors: Bosman Tiana
Published: October 2021

With the global COVID-19 pandemic and different levels of lockdown being enforced across the world, domestic violence has escalated at an alarming rate. The restrictions on movement that lockdown has placed on countless women forced them to share a confined space with their abusers and the effects of this abuse are devastating. These women’s identities are at stake. In a space dominated by their male perpetrators, they are at risk of becoming mere shadows of their former selves. All too often, they also lose their lives. This dire state of affairs brings to mind two women in the Old Testament, Tamar of Genesis 38 and Tamar of 2 Samuel 13, and how they were subjected to domestic violence. This article studies the plight of these women. Through the exegesis of these narratives, I highlight the similarities between the accounts of domestic violence and what we see globally today. The aim of this study is to add the names of the biblical Tamars to our collective list of names of women for whom we unite weekly against gender-based violence in the #ThursdaysInBlack campaign.Contribution: This is a contribution from the field of biblical studies. The exegesis of two Old Testament narratives highlights the similarities between ancient accounts of domestic violence in situations of lockdown and what we see globally today. It calls for a recognition of women spanning the course of history who have suffered domestic violence.
Promoting moderate Islam in a global community through the ‘English for Ulama’ programme
Authors: Safei Agus Ahmad
Published: October 2021

The rise of religious conservatism following the 1998 reformasi has altered the face of Indonesian Islam, which has historically been regarded as peaceful and inclusive, which is why the Indonesian government has advocated for moderate Islam on a regional, national and even a global scale. Using West Java as a case study, this article presents the 2019 ‘English for Ulama’ (EFU) initiative, which intends to train ulama in West Java about the concept of moderate Islam before sending them to the United Kingdom to promote moderate Islamic discourse in a global setting. This study demonstrates that the EFU programme is a strategic project that not only benefits West Javanese ulama regionally, where they may develop networks with other Muslims on a worldwide scale, but also benefits from the national development of moderate Islamic discourse. On a global scale, this programme is one of the best examples of moderate Islamic discourse diplomacy as the nature of Indonesian Islam. Furthermore, supporting moderate Islam on a worldwide scale is likely to influence Western society’s view of Islamophobia.Contribution: Although the EFU programme is a local government initiative, it has contributed to the promotion of moderate Islam at the world level and is framed as global diplomacy.
Clinical Profile of Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Bawri Satish , Goswami Munindra , Kayal Ashok Kumar , Das Moromi
Published: October 2021

Background:

Autoimmune encephalitis causes subacute deficits of memory and cognition, often followed by suppressed level of consciousness or coma. It is a difficult clinical situation due to the similarities in the clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings with many forms of other encephalitides.

Materials and Methods:

The aim of this article is to study the clinical profile of autoimmune encephalitis. This is a prospective observational study and conducted from August 2014 to July 2017 at Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati. Detailed neurological evaluation along with investigation was done in all the patients.

Results and Observation:

All patients are diagnosed and categorized as per diagnosis criteria led done by Graus et al. A total of 18 patients were included among which 13 (72%) patients were definite, 3 (16.66%) on probable, and 2 (11%) were possible. Out of the 18 patients, 8 (44%) were males and 10 (56%) were females. The average mean age was 31 ± 4 years and the duration of symptom was 7 weeks ± 4 days. Most common findings were psychiatric symptoms 16 (89%), cognitive decline and short-term memory loss 15 (83%), seizure 14 (78%), movement disorders (hyperkinetic) 13(72%), speech abnormalities 12 (67%), and autonomic dysfunction 4 (22%). Baseline investigations and cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis along with neural autoantibodies positive in 13 (72%) patients. Electroencephalogram showed epileptiform discharges along with slowing. Magnetic resonance imaging is done in every patient and consistent with the finding of autoimmune encephalitis.

Discussion and Conclusion:

In the present study, patients presented with varied clinical features with positive neural autoantibodies. A broad approach to testing for infectious diseases and various autoantibodies can lead to the correct diagnosis.
Postoperative cardiorespiratory complications and continuous positive airway pressure efficacy in obese patients undergoing noncardiac surgery
Authors: Gobindram Avinash , Yek Jia Lin Jacklyn , Tan Alvin Kah Leong , Chan Yiong Huak , Lee Joyce Lai Ying , Hsu Pon Poh
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

One in six Singaporeans has obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) due to obesity compounded by inherent craniofacial features. We assessed the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications and the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in minimising such complications within an obese population.

Methods:

A retrospective study of elective noncardiac surgical patients with a body mass index ≥32 kg/m2was conducted. Patients at moderate to severe risk of OSA were offered CPAP therapy. CPAP therapy adherence, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and type of anaesthesia were analysed.

Results:

In total, 1400 patients comprising 174 with low risk of OSA (L-OSA) and 1226 with moderate to high risk of OSA were included. Of these, 332 were started on CPAP therapy (C-OSA) while 894 declined CPAP use (R-OSA). There were 10 (0.05%) cardiac events – one (0.6%) in the L-OSA group, six (0.6%) in the R-OSA group and three (0.9%) in the C-OSA group. There were 37 (2.6%) respiratory events – 2 (1.1%) in the L-OSA group, 23 (2.6%) in the R-OSA group, and 12 (3.6%) in the C-OSA group. Multivariate analysis showed no statistical significance in CPAP therapy minimising cardiac (P= 0.147) and respiratory (P= 0.255) complications, when analysed by intention-to-treat. CPAP therapy adherence was 13.6 and 10.2% pre- and postoperatively, respectively. When analysed per protocol, none of the nine patients compliant with both pre- and postoperative CPAP therapy developed cardiopulmonary complications.

Conclusions:

Amongst patients with moderate to severe risk of OSA, those who were compliant to perioperative CPAP therapy demonstrated a reduction in cardiopulmonary complications.
Understanding the changes in practice patterns in ophthalmology following COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Porwal Amit C , Jethani Jitendra N , Honavar Santosh G
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus 2 pandemic has brought the world to a halt. We performed a questionnaire-based survey to know more about these issues which affected them due to this pandemic and resultant lockdown.

Methods:

A questionnaire-based survey (53 questions) was conducted online among Indian ophthalmologists with a 2-week response time. The invitation to participate was also circulated widely among various ophthalmologists as members on different social media platforms and emails. It was mandatory to answer all the questions in the questionnaire to make it a valid response.

Results:

A total of 903 responses were received across the country. A majority of these responses, 403 (44.6%), were from private practitioners. Almost 876 (97%) of the responders had either kept the daily working hours as same as pre-COVID-19 era or had reduced the actual working hours. Overall, 547 (60.6%) responders did not downsize their staff and 569 (63%) did not reduce the staff salary. Consultation charges were not revised by a majority (659, 73%) of responders. Total of 663 (73.4%) were following the appointment system and 702 (77.7%) responders had reduced the number of patients to less than 6 an hour. Only 106 (11.7%) were doing a mandatory RT-PCR test before surgery, whereas 567 (62.8%) did on the basis of suspicious symptoms.

Conclusion:

Our survey gives valuable inputs regarding the changes made by different ophthalmologist groups during the times of COVID-19 and lockdown.
Correlation of aqueous humor electrolytes with serum electrolytes in cataract patients
Authors: Bansal Amol , Amin Hrishikesh , Rekha R
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To correlate the aqueous humor electrolytes with serum electrolytes in patients with cataract.

Methods:

In this study, 348 eyes of patients undergoing cataract surgery, who had presented between 1st January 2019 and 30th June 2020, were included. Serum electrolytes were obtained and 0.15 ml of aqueous humor was obtained during surgery using an insulin syringe via the side port incision. Mean and standard deviation was used to analyze all the categorical and continuous data including all the electrolytes levels. Pearson’s correlation of coefficient was used to analyze the comparison between serum and aqueous humor electrolytes. Student T-test was used to compare electrolyte values between the serum and aqueous humor.

Results:

We observed a significant correlation of the aqueous humor electrolytes with their serum counterparts. The coefficient of correlation is 0.155, 0.44, and 0.405 for Na+, K+, and Cl−, respectively. There is also a significant increase in the aqueous humor electrolytes as compared to the serum levels.

Conclusion:

A significant increase in electrolytes levels in the aqueous humor of cataract patients possibly could have a role in the etiology of cataract.
A practical continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis self-training system
Authors: Dong Jing , Wang Xiaogang , Wang Xiaoliang , Li Junhong
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To describe a practical, self-assembled continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) self-training system to facilitate resident self-training and shorten the CCC learning curve.

Methods:

This was a prospective experimental study that included a total of 600 capsulorhexis cases. A device for CCC practice was self-assembled and used for training and testing. Based on capsulorhexis manipulation experience, three main groups of residents (A, capsulorhexis experience with <50 cases; B, capsulorhexis experience with 400–500 cases; and C, capsulorhexis experience with >1000 cases) were created. Furthermore, based on different capsulorhexis conditions, each main group was divided into four subgroups (1, CCC without an anterior chamber cover and capsulorhexis marker; 2, CCC with an anterior chamber cover without a capsulorhexis marker; 3, CCC with an anterior chamber cover and a capsulorhexis marker; and 4, CCC with an anterior chamber cover and a capsulorhexis marker under 2.5 times magnification). Three CCC-related parameters, including acircularity index (AI), axis ratio (AR), and capsulorhexis time, were statistically evaluated.

Results:

We compared the differences in study parameters among 50 consecutively completed capsulorhexis cases by one trainee with different capsulorhexis experience in each subgroup. The CCC-related parameter values in subgroups 1 and 4 were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.001). The capsulorhexis time in subgroup 2 was significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.001). The capsulorhexis time and AI in subgroup 3 were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.001). Moreover, with increasing manipulation experience (from group A–C), the capsulorhexis time, the AI, and AR tended to decrease. With the help of the CCC marker, in subgroups 3 and 4, the AI and AR were closer to 1.0.

Conclusion:

This self-assembled CCC self-training system is practical. The CCC marker seems helpful for size specification and centration during self-training.
Impact of COVID-19 nationwide lockdown on retinoblastoma treatment and outcome: A study of 476 eyes of 326 children
Authors: Bansal Rolika , Aishwarya Ankita , Rao Raksha , Christy Marem C , Sen Mrittika , Regani Harika , Bagai Poonam , Reddy Vijay A , Mulay Kaustubh , Bongoni Pramila , Honavar Santosh G
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and the resultant nationwide lockdown and travel restrictions led to difficulty in providing timely and regular treatment to patients with childhood cancers such as retinoblastoma. This study is aimed at assessing the demography, clinical presentation, treatment strategies, and outcome of treatment defaulters due to the lockdown.

Methods:

Cross-sectional, observational study of retinoblastoma patients at a tertiary care ocular oncology center during the first wave of COVID-19 and the resulting nationwide lockdown.

Results:

Of the 476 eyes of 326 patients undergoing active management with a median age of 57 months (range: 4–214 months), 205 (63%) patients returned for follow-up after a mean delay of 45.8 ± 24.3 weeks (range: 8–80 weeks) and 121 (37%) were defaulters according to the data analyzed till June 30, 2021. Distance of residence was ≥1000 km for 148 patients (46%). In terms of need for active treatment, the number of emergent cases was 2 (<1%), 11 (3%) were urgent, and 313 (96%) were semi-urgent. International classification groups D (n = 107 eyes, 23%) and E (n = 173 eyes, 36%) were in majority, and 13 eyes (4%) and 4 eyes (1%) were at stages 3 and 4, respectively. Prior to lockdown, 86 eyes (18%) had active tumor, which remained unchanged (n = 26, 30%) or worsened (n = 49, 60%) after failure to follow-up. Vision (47%), eye (92%), and life salvage (98%) were achieved by individualized protocol-based management after the patients returned for further management. Five children succumbed to intracranial extension.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19-related nationwide lockdown has deprived retinoblastoma patients of optimal and timely management, leading to prolonged treatment interruptions, delays, permanent default, and death. It is of paramount importance for all the stakeholders to increase awareness, make necessary travel and logistic arrangements, and ensure continuity of care for children with retinoblastoma.
Long-term perimetric stabilization with a management algorithm of set target intraocular pressure in different severities of primary angle-closure glaucoma
Authors: Sihota Ramanjit , Shakrawal Jyoti , Sharma Ajay K , Gupta Amisha , Dada Tanuj , Pandey Veena
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate long-term perimetric stabilization at set Target (IOPs) in primary angle-closure glaucoma with visual field defects.

Methods:

Two hundred forty-eight eyes, of 124 primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients on medical treatment, and 124 eyes, of 95 patients after trabeculectomy performed at least 5 years prior were evaluated. One hundred eighty-five eyes had a follow-up of ≥10 years. Target IOPs for mild, moderate, and severe glaucomatous optic neuropathy were set at ≤18, ≤15, and ≤12 mmHg, respectively. Progression was evaluated by event-based changes on guided progression analysis. Primary outcome measure was therapy required to achieve individualized Target IOP. Secondary outcome measure was assessment of perimetric change over time.

Results:

Mean baseline IOP was 23.34 ± 6.16 mmHg in medically treated and 36.08 ± 9.73 mmHg in surgically treated eyes (P = 0.0001). All eyes with a baseline IOP of <25 mmHg were on medications alone, 65.33%, of those with a baseline IOP of 25–30 mmHg were on medications, while 34.67% required trabeculectomy. In total, 91.4% of eyes with a baseline IOP of >30 mmHg underwent a trabeculectomy for achieving Target IOP. Perimetric stabilization was achieved in 98.17% of PACG eyes. “Target” IOP was achieved for mild, moderate, and severe glaucomatous optic neuropathy, medically in 90.2, 73.9, and 29.7%, and surgery was required in 9.8, 26.1, and 70.3%, respectively. Overall analysis found that percentage reduction in IOP was significantly more after trabeculectomy than medical treatment, 64.16 ± 14.91 and 43.61 ± 13.73%, P = 0.0001. Decrease in IOP was significantly greater 5–9 years after trabeculectomy, in comparison to ≥10 years, P = 0.001.

Conclusion:

Medications controlled IOP to “Target” in PACG eyes with mild and moderate glaucoma for over ≥10 years, when the baseline IOP off treatment was <30 mmHg. Trabeculectomy was necessary in PACG eyes having severe glaucomatous optic neuropathy, or with a baseline IOP of >30 mmHg to achieve Target IOP. These appropriate initial therapeutic interventions and Target IOPs are therefore suggested as a clinically validated algorithm of care for different severities of PACG.