bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultura do cuidado no ensino superior: A universidade, as políticas públicas e o Promove-Universitários
Authors: Oliveira Taize de , Santana Franciele Ariene Lopes , Belei-Martins Giovanna , Bolsoni-Silva Alessandra Turini
Published: April 2023

Apesar de a graduação ter como foco a promoção de desenvolvimento do estudante, estes enfrentam desafios que podem se desdobrar em vivência de dificuldades, sofrimento e até mesmo adoecimento. Por isso, é necessário que o estudante seja compreendido como pessoa em um período contextualizado, tanto para seu futuro como para a sociedade, o que exige a construção de um valor ético do cuidado pela comunidade acadêmica. Tal valor pode dirigir e amparar práticas culturais relacionadas às decisões no campo da política pública voltada a este público. Há mudanças importantes na democratização da universidade brasileira que embasam políticas de saúde e permanência estudantil, mas ainda há desafios quanto à busca por efetivas mudanças e o aspecto do cuidado com as diferentes pessoas que adentram a universidade ainda está sendo construído. Considerando as intervenções voltadas para a promoção de habilidades e repertórios que contribuem para mudanças interpessoais e acadêmicas, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura, por meio de análises de materiais já publicados sobre o programa Promove-Universitários, identificados no Scholar Google. Foram identificados 14 estudos, com publicações desde 2005 a 2022, na modalidade individual e grupal, virtual e presencial, com quantidade de sessões que variaram de 12 a 48. Os resultados identificam a intervenção como instrumento que promove mudanças em habilidades sociais e saúde mental dos universitários, indicando a necessidade de práticas interventivas voltadas ao desenvolvimento de habilidades e promoção de saúde nessa população.
Supervivencia de las élites y explotación de recursos naturales en Nigeria y Níger
Authors: Guichaoua Yvan
Published: April 2023

Este capítulo discute algunas de las características institucionales de dos países africanos ricos en recursos naturales, Nigeria y Níger. Específicamente, estudia el comportamiento de las élites políticas de estos dos países durante el periodo post-colonial que coincidió, respectivamente, con la extracción industrial de petróleo y uranio. Nuestra decisión de concentrarnos en el comportamiento de las élites proviene de nuestro interés en incorporar al análisis elementos de las principales contribuciones de la literatura africanista a la discusión sobre la institucionalidad post-colonial en África subsahariana. En nuestra opinión, estos aportes han sido omitidos en los debates sobre recursos naturales. Con algunas pocas excepciones, los Estados africanos post-coloniales han sido caracterizados como regímenes neo patrimoniales en los que el poder se encuentra altamente personalizado y concentrado en las manos de gobernantes que se aferran a su rol de cabezas de Estado. Esta observación se aplica a los casos que estudiamos, con algunas variaciones importantes que discutiremos más adelante.
La estela del 98 : la diplomacia española y el frustrado arbitraje de la Corona en el conflicto Perú-Chile (1892-1906)
Authors: Martínez Riaza Ascensión
Published: April 2023

Al romper la década de 1890, la soberanía española en América quedaba reducida a los territorios antillanos. Sin proponérselo como objetivo prioritario de su política exterior, la antigua metrópoli va a hacer, sin embargo, diversos intentos por recuperar espacios perdidos.
Guano y salitre
Authors: Palacios Moreyra Carlos
Published: April 2023

El uso del guano como abono era conocido en el Perú desde tiempos inmemoriales. Lo que no se conocía generalmente era el porqué de los beneficios que aportaba a la agricultura ni por cierto su composición química. Esto, aun cuando Alexander von Humboldt había llevado a Europa muestras que fueron examinadas en 1806 en Francia habiéndose determinado su relativamente alto contenido de nitrógeno y fósforo. Tampoco había sido probado fuera del Perú a escala suficiente ni estudiado su mercadeo y precio posible. Se trataba pues de abrir un mercado, de introducir un producto desconocido situado a tres o cuatro meses de navegación del punto de donde debía ser vendido. Toda una aventura comercial que si tarde o temprano hubiese de ser emprendida, tenía que esperar su hora (Mathew 1981: 23).
Origen y desarrollo de la industria de aguas gaseosas en el Perú, 1869-1948
Authors: Seiner Lizárraga Lizardo
Published: April 2023

La industria apareció tardíamente en el Perú republicano. Muchos autores coinciden en señalar la tardía experiencia industrial peruana durante la república, identificando los primeros esfuerzos de industrialización a mediados del siglo pasado y llegando estos a consolidarse solo entre 1890 y 1920.
Acerca de las posibilidades de encontrar huellas de una larga tradición histórica en las fuentes del siglo XVI y XVII
Authors: Szeminski Jan
Published: April 2023

UNO DE LOS PROBLEMAS MÁS GRAVES en la historia del Tawantin Suyu (Pusi Suu) en general y del Qulla Suyu en particular es el problema de la larga tradición: ¿existió una tradición que describía acontecimientos anteriores a la conquista cuzqueña de todo el área? Y si existió, ¿dónde pueden encontrarse sus huellas?
Manuel Bautista Pérez : un exemple d' ambigueté marrane
Authors: Wachtel Nathan
Published: April 2023

LORS DE L'AUTODAFÉ DU 23 JANVIER 1639, a Lima, figuraient 73 condamnés, parmi lesquels 63 judai'sants, dont l l étaient destinés au bucher. La répression de ce qui fut appelé la «Grande Complicité» avait commencé en avril 1635, a la suite d'une dénonciation ponctuelle qui ne concernait, al' origine, que deux ou trois accusés.
ARE SHARIA FINANCING SCHEMES PROFITABLE? THE CASE OF ISLAMIC RURAL BANKS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Karimah Nur Akhlaqul
Published: April 2023

Some studies find that Profit and Loss Sharing/PLS (mudharabah and musyarakah) and non-PLS (murabahah) financing positively affect Islamic banks' profitability, while other studies have found a negative relationship. This study aims to analyze the effect of PLS and non-PLS financing on the performance of Islamic banks, as proxied by the profitability ratio of ROA (Return on Assets) with the Non-Performing Finance (NPF) as a moderating variable on six Islamic Rural Banks (IRBs) using panel regression and moderated regression analysis. It finds that the PLS and non-PLS financing positively and significantly influence the IRBs' profitability. NPF as a moderating variable has weakened the effect of PLS financing on the IRBs' profitability. Meanwhile, NPF strengthens the effect of non-PLS financing on the IRBs' profitability. PLS financing with NPF can reduce the IRBs' profitability, and non-PLS financing with NPF can increase the IRBs' profitability. These findings explain why murabahah is still the dominant financing in Islamic banks. Islamic banks should strive to achieve their ideal form as a profit-sharing financial intermediary to respond to the criticism that there is no substantial difference between Islamic and conventional banks as both rely on fixed returns in the financing, perceived as similar to riba, prohibited in Islam.
EFFECT OF COLLAGEN CONCENTRATION ON MORPHOLOGY OF PVA/CHITOSAN FIBERS MADE BY ELECTROSPINNING METHOD
Authors: Rupiasih Ni Nyoman , Sukma Pranastia Dewa Ayu , Sumadiyasa Made , Vidyasagar P. B.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the addition of collagen concentration on morphology of PVA/chitosan nanofiber. The research was conducted by making 10% PVA solution, 2% chitosan solution, and collagen solutions with various concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 8%. The PVA/chitosan/collagen nanofibers were made with ratios of 8:2:2, 8:2:4, and 8:2:8 and were named P8/Ch2/C2, P8/Ch2/C4, and P8/Ch2/C8. As a control was PVA/chitosan with a ratio of 8:2, which was named P8/Ch2/C0. The nanofiber was made by electrospinning method with the following parameters: a voltage of 10 kV, a distance from the spinneret tip to the collector of 10 cm, and a flow rate of 1.00 µl/h. Nanofiber characterization was carried out using FTIR and SEM. SEM images were analyzed using ImageJ and Origin to measure the diameter and length of the fibers. It obtained that, the best ratio of PVA/chitosan/collagen to make a good nanofiber is 8:2:2, with the characteristics are the least number of beads and solution droplets, the most continuous fiber, and the average diameter is 145.55±8.64 nm. This result showed that, the addition of collagen can improve the morphology of PVA/chitosan nanofibers, where the characteristics of fibers made depending on the concentration of collagen added.
Measuring the Impact of Clinic Participation on Law Graduates: A Small Case Study
Authors: Donnelly Larry
Published: April 2023

In an academic environment where there is an increasing emphasis on impact, it is rather surprising that there is a paucity of studies on the effect (if any) of participation in a clinical legal education programme on the career trajectory of law graduates. In this article, after considering the methodologies behind and outcomes of two such studies conducted in North America, the author describes how he devised a survey, which was sent to a group of law students at the University of Galway’s externship-based clinical programme it its pilot year, and analyses the responses. In short, this study – like the other two – suggests that clinic participation has a marked impact on lawyers in terms of enhancing practical legal skills, but a less significant impact when it comes to inspiring graduates to embark upon public interest-oriented legal careers or undertake pro bono work. The article acknowledges that there are myriad factors influencing these choices and that it is foolish to extrapolate excessively from these studies. It concludes by arguing that, no matter these “failings” with respect to the social justice imperative that helps define clinical legal education, the capacity of programmes to equip future lawyers with key skills and to instil in them, at the very least, a cognisance of the shortcomings of the law and legal system means that our work is still eminently worthwhile.
Clinical Legal Education for Gender Justice in Europe
Authors: Saeidzadeh Zara , Cuckovic Bojana , Vujidanovic Dragica
Published: April 2023

Generated directly from the field, this paper elaborates on the knowledge shared during the process of a research project called LAWGEM (New Quality in Education for Gender Equality – Strategic Partnership for the Development of Master’s Study Program on LAW and GENDER) in an effort to develop a Gender Equality Legal Clinic to sensitise students about gender issues within legal education in Europe. The paper elaborates on the experience of two countries, Sweden and Serbia through discussing the challenges in achieving gender justice. Finally, it introduces Gender Equality Legal Clinic as a learning outcome of LAWGEM project for legal pedagogical purposes.
The Power of Teaching Police through the Prism of Human Rights
Authors: Molloy Sean
Published: April 2023

As part of their training in England and Wales, police recruits are required to engage with a complex mix of law, often with no prior background in legal education. In addition, they must learn, understand, and apply the content of a highly descriptive national police curriculum (NPC). The combination of these tasks, amongst other things, can limit the extent to which police training can cultivate critical thinking, a central objective of efforts to professionalise the police in recent times. In this article and based on the author’s experience of teaching law to police recruits, the challenges of the current approach to police training are explored through Freire’s pedagogy of the oppressed and what he terms the banking model of education. After drawing connections between this model and the current approach to police training, a human rights-based approach to police teaching is offered as an example of Freire’s preferred problem-solving method. Central to this model is utilising the views of recruits regarding the role of the police in balancing rights to help understand the law as it exists.
The health/power/criminality-nexus in the state of exception
Authors: Ahearne Gemma , Freudenthal Robert
Published: April 2023

The positioning of the ‘other’ as a dangerous vector of disease is a long-standing trope. This has existed both in racial terms, such as the 1905 Aliens Act, and for others positioned as on the outliers of society, such as sex workers, under the Contagious Diseases Acts 1864, 1866, 1869 (Hamilton, 1978). The public health system has long been used as a system of control, alongside its self-described role as existing for the betterment of population health.  Similarly, other aspects of our health system have long functioned both as a foundational part of the welfare state, and as key perpetrators of racial injustice and part of the carceral state.  This is most obvious in the psychiatric system, where there continues to be a disproportionate detention of black men (Singh, 2007).  Injustice, surveillance, and even mass detention, that is enacted within a health systems framework is rarely given the same critical focus as other systems of power, such as the criminal justice system – which has been highlighted by the reality that various recent reports into racial discrimination only give a brief mention to the role of healthcare systems in perpetrating various injustices (Equality and Human Rights Commission, 2016).  During the pandemic the healthcare system has increasingly been used as a justification for advancing a state apparatus of biopower, and has experienced little resistance from the organised left.
A política do silêncio digital
Authors: Carreon Renata de Oliveira
Published: April 2023

Ao compreender as fake news como uma torção discursiva ou uma mentira discursivizada, objetivamos observar de que forma, na materialidade digital, elas têm alcançado estatuto de verdade nas lives do presidente Jair Bolsonaro, mas, por outro lado, têm sido banidas como mentirosas e incorretas das plataformas. Tal empreendimento justifica-se pela necessidade de compreender e analisar fatos de linguagem contemporâneos que têm sido evidenciados no enfrentamento distópico da pandemia por parte do Presidente da República e que se materializam pelo digital. Por isso, analisaremos o funcionamento do silenciamento digital a partir do banimento da live de 21 de outubro de 2021 do YouTube e da interrupção da de 16 de setembro, observando: (i) os dizeres considerados mentirosos pela plataforma; (ii) a mensagem de violação; (iii) diretrizes do YouTube sobre informações médicas incorretas. Para isso, disporemos do arcabouço teórico-metodológico da Análise do discurso teorizada por Cristiane Dias (2018, 2019) e Eni Orlandi (2007, 2008, 2017, 2020a, 2020b), além dos escritos recentes da francesa Marie-Anne Paveau (2021).
Assessment of future primary school teachers' development of creative competence: A case study
Authors: Astambayeva Zhupat , Kenzhetaeva Roza , Zhumash Zhanara , Sagidoldа Nagima , Italmassova Raushan
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to assess future primary school teachers' learning outcomes, their achievement goals, support for the development of their creative competence and the appropriate methodological and technological processes that take place. The data was analyzed using a mixed research approach. The participants of the study are 160 students from Abai University and Auezov University (Kazakhstan). The results showed that students found their university education mostly uncreative indicating the need to determine a new and effective way to form students' creative competence. The research findings suggest that special training improved the creative capacity of the aspiring participants in the study and had an effect on the experimental group. The findings of this study have implications for policy to transform higher education, further research as well as methodological and technological approaches for the assessment of primary school teachers' development of creative competencies in Kazakhstan.
ETNOMEDISIN TUMBUHAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens) OLEH SUKU DAYAK DAN SUKU BANJAR DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Sari Sasi Gendro , Rahmawati Rimaa , Rusmiati Rusmiati , Susi Susi
Published: April 2023

Sungkai Peronema canescens is well known as a medicinal plant at Central Kalimantan. Indiginous people of Dayak and Banjar tribes who are living in East Kotawaringin Regency consume Sungkai plant into traditional medicine. The potential use of sungkai as medicine was identified from three selected villages of East Kotawaringin Regency namely Bagendang Permai, Bagendang Hulu and Bagendang Hilir. Ethnomedicine of sungkai leaves was investigated using a semi structured questionnaire technique and 180 respondents were selected by a purposive sampling. The interviewees were divided into gender and four groups based on their ages to identify knowledge level in using sungkai leaves as a medicinal plant. Their knowledge was analyzed based on gender and ages using Kruskal Wallis test and then Mann Whitney U-test was used to decide the difference of knowledge level. The results showed leaves are the main part to be utilized as medicine. Leaves were preferably boiled by respondents to increase their immune system and to cure fever and some used for puerperal mother bath mixture. The indiginous knowledge level was 82.57 categorized as a high knowledge level. Moreover, both gender and ages had no difference knowledge level on using sungkai as medicine.
KAJIAN BIOINDIKATOR LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR LOKASI PENAMBANGAN PASIR DI SUNGAI LUK ULO DESA KARANGSAMBUNG KECAMATAN KARAGSAMBUNG KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Arumsari Novita , Hadisusanto Suwarno , Sudarmadji Sudarmadji
Published: April 2023

The life of living beings depends largely on the river. Likewise, human life can not be separated from the river. Humans use the material in the riverbed, namely sand for building materials. Sand mining activities along the Luk Ulo River, Karangsambung Village are activities that take place continuously. If this is left unattended, sand mining activities will damage a river ecosystem that is a living place for biota communities including macrozoobenthos. On the other hand, macrozoobenthos have an important role in the sustainability of river ecosystems. Based on this, it is necessary to conduct research related to riverbed substrates and macrozoobenthos. This study intends to examine the composition of the riverbed substrate around the sand mining site, and examine the diversity and abundance of macrozoobenthos communities around the sand mining site. The survey method is the method used in this study. Selection of study objects through purposive sampling. The data are presented quantitatively and qualitatively. There are three stages to the study. These stages are extracting and preparing samples of riverbed substrates and macrozoobenthos, then identifying samples, and the last is the measurement of physico-chemical parameters. Sand mining activities on the Luk Ulo River, Karangsambung Village have changed the composition of the bottom substrate of the Luk Ulo River. The diversity and abundance of macrozoobenthos are reduced around the sand mining site with the most abundant at the site, namely the species Tarebia granifera and Melanoides sp. Around the sand mining site, the physical and chemical parameters of water, namely turbidity, and TSS, have the highest values compared to other points.
KEBERHASILAN REKLAMASI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA STUDI KASUS IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN DI KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Gunawan Cecep , Badaruddin Badaruddin , Kissinger Kissinger , Susanti Hilda
Published: April 2023

The assessment of the success rate of reclamation uses a reference assessment of PERMENHUT 60 of 2009 with scoring of three criteria, namely: Land arrangement with a score of 30%, control of erosion and sedimentation with a score of 20%, and revegetation with a score of 50%. The reclamation success rate assessment result based on the total score is both >80, medium 60-80, and ugly <60. The implementation of reclamation of mining business permits based on the calculation of the total value obtained a value of 48.5 which shows that the reclamation results are included in the ugly criteria (reclamation results are unacceptable and intensive maintenance is needed), so it is necessary to carry out reclamation repairs. The reclamation criteria that received a less assessment was the implementation of revegetation which had the lowest value, namely, 14 out of 50 weights and erosion and sedimentation control had a value of 12 out of 20, while land management had a value of 22.5 out of a weight of 30. Activities that can be carried out to improve reclamation on former mining business permit land are land management, reducing landslides, erosion, and sedimentation, improving the quality of physical and chemical soil properties with regular fertilization and liming, spraying pesticides, cleaning cover crop windings on plants periodically carried out, reselecting cover crops, selecting sengon plants as pioneer plants, selection of jackfruit plants as local insert crops, then the commitment of policymakers in the implementation of reclamation, fulfillment of labor competencies, remaking of erosion and sedimentation control facilities, and providing facilities and infrastructure for breeding diverse plants.
Al2O3 Nanorod With Rich Pentacoordinate Al3+ Sites Stabilizing Co2+ for Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Zhao Zhiping , Tong Yanbing , Sun Jinru , Ke Ming , Song Weiyu
Published: April 2023

Co-based catalysts have gained significant attention in recent years due to their excellent ability to activate C-H bonds and high selectivity towards olefins, despite being a non-noble and environmentally unfriendly metal. However, further improvements are necessary for practical utilization, particularly in terms of activity and anti-carbon deposition capacity. In this study, we synthesized Al2O3 nanorods with abundant pentacoordinated Al3+ (Al3+penta) sites. The supported Co on the Al2O3 nanorod (Co/Al2O3-NR) exhibited higher selectivity (>96% propylene selectivity) and stability (deactivation rate 0.15 h-1), compared to Co supported on an Al2O3 nanosheet with fewer pentacoordinated Al3+ sites. Various characterizations confirmed that Co(II) mainly exists as CoAl2O4 rather than Co3O4 in the form of Co/Al2O3-NR, which inhibits the reduction of Co(II) to Co0 and improves catalyst stability accordingly.
Neonatal Drug Formularies: a Global Scope
Authors: Shaniv Dotan , Bolisetty Srinivas , Young Thomas E. , Mangum Barry , Ainsworth Sean , Elbers Linda , Schultz Petra , Cucchi Melanie , De Wildt Saskia N , Van der Zanden Tjitske M , Caldwell Neil , Smits Anne , Allegaert Karel
Published: April 2023

Neonatal drug information (DI) is essential for safe and effective pharmacotherapy in (pre)term neonates. Such information is usually absent from drug labels, making formularies a crucial part of the neonatal clinician’s toolbox. Several formularies exist worldwide, but they have never been fully mapped nor compared for content, structure and workflow. The objective of this review was to identify neonatal formularies, explore (dis)similarities, and raise awareness of their existence.Neonatal formularies were identified through self-acquaintance, experts and structured search. A questionnaire was sent to all identified formularies to provide details on formulary function. An original extraction tool was employed to collect DI from the formularies on the 10 most commonly used drugs in pre(term) neonates.Eight different neonatal formularies were identified worldwide (Europe, USA, Australia-New Zealand, Middle East). Six responded to the questionnaire and were compared for structure and content. Each formulary has its own workflow, monograph template and style, and update routine. Focus on certain aspects of DI also varies, as well as the type of initiative and funding.Clinicians should be aware of the various formularies available and their differences in characteristics and content to use them properly for the benefit of their patients.
PKM RELAWAN PEDULI LINGKUNGAN DALAM MENUMBUHKAN SOCIALPRENEURSHIP BERBASIS BAHAN AJAR DIGITAL
Authors: Budiaman  , Kustandi Cecep , Jumhur Aam Amaningsih , Andaryati Arenarita Peni , Susanti Astri Febry
Published: April 2023

Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Terintegrasi Kuliah Kerja Nyata ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan jiwa socialpreneurship Relawan Peduli Lingkungan di SMPN 9 dan SMPN 21 Kota Bekasi. Jiwa socialpreneurship diharapkan dapat dipahami oleh siswa sekaligus diaplikasikan dalam pengelolaan sampah non organik sehari-hari, baik sampah rumah tangga, maupun sekolah. Prioritas permasalahan mitra yang akan ditangani dalam program ini adalah permasalahan dalam sistem pemilahan dan produksi sampah yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi, permasalahan dalam pemasaran ketika produksi bijih plastik dari berbagai jenis botol plastik sudah dikelompokan. Kegiatan ini dirancang dengan selalu memperhatikan keterlibatan mitra. Metode pelaksanaan berupa observasi dan FGD yang dilakukan di sekolah mitra yaituSMP Negeri 9 dan SMP Negeri 21 Kota Bekasi. Selain itu dilakukan simulasi pemilahan dan pencacahan botol plastik dengan menggunakan mesin insenerator. Solusi yang dapat diberikan dari setiap permasalahan adalah se agai berikut: (1) Memberikan pendampingan untuk pembina ekstrakulikuler lingkungan dalam menumbuhkan socialpreneurship siswa., (2) Memberdayakan relawan peduli lingkungan dalam memilah sampah non organik yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi, dan (3) Melakukan simulasi pengolahan sampah di Bank Sampah mitra dalam rangka menumbuhkan socialpreneurship.
Advanced cementitious materials for blast protection
Authors: Groeneveld Andrew , Crane C.
Published: April 2023

Advanced cementitious materials, commonly referred to as ultra-high performance concretes (UHPCs), are developing rapidly and show promise for civil infrastructure and protective construction applications. Structures exposed to blasts experience strain rates on the order of 102 s-1 or more. While a great deal of research has been published on the durability and the static properties of UHPC, there is less information on its dynamic properties. The purpose of this report is to (1) compile existing dynamic property data—including compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, and energy absorption—for six proprietary and research UHPCs and (2) implement a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) model for axisymmetric UHPC panels under blast loading as a means of comparing the UHPCs. Although simplified, the model allows identification of key material properties and promising materials for physical testing. Model results indicate that tensile strength has the greatest effect on panel deflection, with unit weight and elastic modulus having a moderate effect. CEMTECmultiscale® deflected least in the simulation. Lafarge Ductal®, a commonly available UHPC in North America, performed in the middle of the five UHPCs considered.
An economic evaluation of presymptomatic Sars-Cov-2 (COVID-19) detection using anomaly detection models in the COVID-RED Trial
Authors: Korkmaz Serkan , Hansen Paul Lynggård , Kjellberg Jakob
Published: April 2023

Background: There is an average 5 day delay between a COVID-19 infection and symptom onset. Evidence suggests between 35% and 50% of all transmissions occur within this time-frame. Presymptomatic COVID-19 detection, therefore, serves a crucial role in containing the spread of COVID-19. An early COVID-19 detection algorithm were developed in the COVID-Red trial, which based on anomalies in biophysical markers, measured via a bracelet, predicts COVID-19 infection.
Method: This paper is an economic evaluation of the anomaly detection model developed in the COVID-Red trial with a health sector perspective. The primary outcome is the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER), where the effectiveness is measured as early COVID-19 detection. Data on healthcare utilisation and COVID-19 testing are collected through biweekly surveys, structured phone interviews and a daily symptom diary. All data is self reported.
Results: COVID-19 can be detected 3.50 days earlier using an anomaly detection model, as opposed to a deterministic approach. The associated costs are ­≈54€ and ≈50€, on average, in the intervention and control group respectively. The ICER is 1.15€, and implies a marginal cost of 1.15€ per days of early detection.
Conclusion: The anomaly detection model detects COVID-19 3.5 earlier than otherwise possible, with a marginal cost of 4€. The ICER is 1.15€. Compared to the existing test strategies, the bracelet and algorithm combination is expensive. It can be considered inexpensive amongst, for example, healthcare workers where structured COVID-19 screenings are common.
Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register, NL9320. Registered 18/02/2021, https://clinicaltrialregister.nl/en/trial/23180
Health Care Team and Patient Perspectives to Peri-Discharge Care in COPD and OSA Overlap
Authors: Stewart Nancy H. , Koza Anya L. , Chen Maggie Y. , Press Valerie G. , Castro Mario , Hughes Dorothy
Published: April 2023

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is highly prevalent with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (20–65%). Patients with combined COPD/OSA overlap are at higher risk for readmission and death compared to patients with COPD or OSA alone. COPD readmission reduction programs exist, yet optimal approaches exist. Current readmission programs for COPD rarely address co-morbid health conditions, such as OSA.Objective The aim of this study was to determine peri-discharge barriers in COPD/OSA overlap from the perspective of the acute health care team and patient.Methods Participants were recruited via word of mouth and by in-hospital acute care team members. Patient participants had diagnoses of COPD and OSA confirmed by chart review of pulmonary function studies and in-lab sleep polysomnogram by study team members. Patient consent was performed prior to hospital discharge, and study conducted 72 hours post-discharge via video-conference. Acute care team members were consented via video conference just prior to study participation. All participants were asked to comment on barriers and solutions concerning COPD/OSA acute care and peri-discharge experiences. Interviews were conducted at an urban academic medical center from November 2020 - February 2021.Results There were 35 participants, which included 27 acute care team members representing 6 practice areas, and 8 patients. Of the acute health care workers, most were < 50 years old (81.5%), female (74.1%), White (81.5%), and non-Hispanic (100%). The patient respondents were > 50 years old (100%), male (62.5%), White (62.5%), non-Hispanic (87.5%), and had an average number of Emergency Department (ED) visits in the 2020 calendar year of ~ 8, and ~ 8 hospitalizations. Emerging barrier themes included coordination and communication, efficiency, access and experience, increasing specialty knowledge, and team consensus and management.Conclusions The interprofessional healthcare team should recognize these areas as opportunities for improvement of knowledge and care. Given the medical complexity of patients with COPD and co-morbid conditions such as OSA, including frequency of readmissions, healthcare systems should value these acute care team insights as focus opportunities for change and improvement.
Research on dynamic characteristics of transient deployment mechanism with translational clearance joint under large eccentric load
Authors: Zhai Guangqing , Xiao Hong , Yang Guang , Guo Hongwei , Tao Jianguo , Liu Rongqiang , Deng Zongquan
Published: April 2023

In this paper, in order to obtain the influence of translational clearance joint on the dynamic characteristics transient of deployment mechanism underload large unbalance, the contact state and relative motion of slider and guide rail are firstly analyzed to illustrate the dynamics of slider and guide rail during the transient motion of the multi-output mechanism under eccentric load. The relative position change and the existing contact form; and based on the existing contact force model, an improved contact force model is proposed. The improved model is sensitive to the material recovery coefficient, the clearance size between the slider and the guide rail, and the initial collision velocity. A certain accuracy is still maintained when the contact collision speed is high; then, based on the improved contact force model, a dynamic model of a large eccentric load transient mechanism with translational clearance joint is established, and the dynamic characteristics are analyzed for it, compared with the ideal state, the transient output angular acceleration oscillates violently, the maximum value is 1.5 times of the ideal state. The transient impact contact force has a sudden increase, and the maximum value is 20 times of the ideal state; and then obtain the influence law of the transient motion speed, eccentric load, the clearance size and contact stiffness on the transient dynamic characteristics of transient deployment mechanism under large eccentric load through calculation. Finally, it is verified by experiments that under a certain gap size, the faster the transient motion speed, the more severe the output angular acceleration oscillation of the mechanism. The law is used to optimization design of similar transient mechanisms with moving pairs and partial load.
Characterizing Shear Modulus by Torsional Pendulum Test Based on Different Theoretical Torsional Rigidities
Authors: Wang Chih Hsing
Published: April 2023

The shear modulus of an isotropic material is usually calculated using Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, which are normally obtained by the tension test. This work applies the torsional pendulum test with a much simpler process to characterize the shear modulus of rectangular bars. The periods of the torsional pendulum for the tested bars are measured to calculate their torsional rigidities using only a homemade fixture consisting of a pendulum weight and two cell phones. The shear moduli of each bar are calculated based on different theoretical torsional rigidities and compared with those calculated via Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. The theoretical torsional rigidities include those proposed by Timoshenko, Tsai and Daniel, Tsai and Wang et al. and thin plate simplification.
Analysis of Climate Factors on Suicide Cases in East Java Province Indonesia in 2015-2018
Authors: Perwira Satria , Yudianto Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Background Suicide is a health problem in developing countries like Indonesia, especially in East Java Province. Some reports suggest that there is a link between suicide and climatic conditions. This implies evidence that climatic conditions tend to influence suicide rates. So far, little is known about the correlation between suicide and climatic conditions, especially in Indonesia, which has two seasons.Methods The research aims to determine the relationship between rainfall, air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed on the incidence of suicides in East Java Province. This study uses a time trend ecological study design where the unit of analysis is months and years for four years. Univariate analysis using the normality test, bivariate analysis using the Pearson correlation test. Data analysis using secondary data. Climate data uses data from the Central Statistics Agency for East Java Province, while data on suicide cases uses data from the General Hospital of Doctor Soetomo Surabaya and the Bhayangkara Hospital.Results There was a relationship between rainfall and suicide cases per month (p = 0.000) and a strong relationship (r = 0.846) with a positive pattern. There is a relationship between air humidity and suicide cases per month (p = 0.028) and a strong relationship (r = 0.634) with a positive pattern. Monthly air temperature, monthly wind speed, annual rainfall, annual air temperature, yearly air humidity, and annual wind speed are unrelated to suicide cases.Conclusions It is concluded that monthly precipitation and monthly air humidity are associated with monthly suicide cases. It needs the cooperation of the East Java Provincial Health Office, related agencies, and the community in utilizing climate data to prevent suicide cases in the future.
Similarities and difference of cardiac function, structure, myocardial deformation, myocardial fibrosis between symptomatic peripartum cardiomyopathy at different clinical stage and dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fu Hang , Sun Ran , Zhang Heng , Xu Huayan , Wen Lingyi , Xu Hong , Xu Rong , Xie Linjun , Zhang Kun , Zhou Zhongqin , Zhang Lu , Xu Ke , Yang Zhigang , Zhao Lei , Zhao Shihua , Guo Yingkun
Published: April 2023

Background Similarities and differences in imaging phenotype between symptomatic peripartum cardiomyopathy(SPPCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) haven’t been fully understood. This study aimed to compare cardiac structure, function, deformation, and myocardial fibrosis between SPPCM at different clinical stage and DCM, and to explore the uniformity of segmental deformation dysfunction furtherly.Methods In this study, 58 acute SPPCM patients(Cardiac Magnetic Resonance(CMR) performed within 6 months), 29 chronic SPPCM(CMR performed beyond 6 months), 45 female DCM patients were retrospectively enrolled parameters of cardiac function, structure, deformation, and fibrosis were compared among them.Results Left ventricle(LV) volume and structure were similar between acute SPPCM and female DCM(all p > 0.05). Chronic SPPCM had higher LV volume(all p < 0.05) and larger transverse LV diameter(70.0 ± 9.2 mm, p < 0.001) than acute SPPCM and female DCM despite LVEF was similar among the three groups. Additionally, female DCM had better right ventricle stroke volume(32.0 ± 10.5 ml/m2, p < 0.001) and ejection fraction(37.1 ± 20.6%, p = 0.006) compared with acute and chronic SPPCM. In terms of myocardial deformation, female DCM tended to had higher global strain indexes than acute and chronic SPPCM, and some segmental strain indexes in female DCM were significantly higher. Prevalence of LGE was significantly lower in acute SPPCM(25.9%) than chronic SPPCM(58.6%) and female DCM(51.1%), p = 0.004. After quantification of LGE, we found that global LGE extent tended to increase in acute PPCM, chronic PPCM, and female DCM gradually(p = 0.581). Female DCM had a more extensive LGE in AHA 9 segments than acute SPPCM. LGE mainly located in basal and middle part of left ventricle.Conclusion Acute SPPCM had similar LV structure and function with female DCM. Chronic SPPCM had a more dilated LV than acute SPPCM. RV systolic function in female DCM was better than acute and chronic SPPCM. Some segmental strain indexes in female DCM were significantly higher. Acute SPPCM patients have lower prevalence of LGE compared with chronic SPPCM and female DCM patients.
Humanin activates integrin αV-TGFβ axis and leads to glioblastoma progression
Authors: Jeong Yangsik , Hua Tuyen , Vo Vu , Om Jiyeon , Han Sangwon , Cha Seung-Kuy , Park Kyu-Sang , Ha Cuong
Published: April 2023

The molecular mechanism of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) spread in the brain remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying intracranial GBM progression. We found that the mitochondria-derived peptide, humanin, enhances GBM progression via intra-tumoral activation of the integrin alpha V (ITGAV)–TGF beta (TGFβ) signaling axis. In GBM tissues, humanin was significantly upregulated in the tumor area relative to the corresponding normal region. Multiple in vitro pharmacological and genetic approaches revealed that humanin activates the ITGAV pathway, inducing cellular attachment and filopodia formation, aiding the subsequent migration of attached glioblastoma cells via intracellular TGFβR signaling activation. Furthermore, our in vivo orthotopic GBM model supports the pro-tumoral function of humanin, showing a correlation between poor survival and aggressive invasiveness. Tumor protrusions and induced angiogenesis were noted in the humanin-treated group compared with the control. Public databases analysis revealed that genes in the ITGAV–TGFβR axis were significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with GBM. Collectively, these findings provide evidence of humanin as a pro-tumoral factor, making it a novel biological target for treating GBM.
Radial shearing interferometry with in-built polarization phase shifting for three-dimensional imaging and quantitative phase analysis of transparent phase objects in macro and microscopic order
Authors: Sengupta Chandan , Bhattacharya Kallol
Published: April 2023

In this exploration, we present a compact and easy-to-set imaging system to analyze the quantitative phase information of macroscopic and microscopic transparent phase samples (TPS) using a Radial shearing interferometric (RSI) design. The proposed setup introduces a wire grid polarizer (WGP) as a beam-splitting optical element in a triangular cyclic configuration to render the two counter-propagating beams linearly polarized in orthogonal directions. These beams are made to pass through the samples in a counter direction. The focusing lens to image the sample is aligned in such a way that either the p-polarized beam illuminates the phase sample in a focused position with respect to the imaging lens position and the remaining s-polarized beam is far apart from its focal length or vice-versa. So polarization phase shifting (PPS) is implemented to generate a three-dimensional (3-D) phase pattern which is digitally captured in a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to yield the sample phase. The proposed setup is robust, sufficiently tolerant to ambient vibrations, and shows encouraging experimental results using the minimum optics.
Talin1 promotes HCC progression by regulating NRG1/PI3K/AKT axis
Authors: Liu Jialong , Lu Yao , Zheng Bowen , Huang Deng , Song Juxian , Wang Baolin , Zheng Shuguo
Published: April 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the world's third leading cause of cancer death, with metastasis being the predominant cause of treatment failure. We aim to explore the role of Talin1 in HCC and its underlying mechanism. We conducted bioinformatic analysis, qRT-PCR, Immunohistochemical staining, and western blot to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of Talin1 in HCC tissues and adjacent samples from databases and our clinical center. Cell viability assays (CCK8 assay), transwell assays, and Xenograft tumor models were used to assess the effect of Talin1 on HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration both in vitro and in vivo. We also investigated the NRG1 protein, which is known to activate the PI3K/AKT pathway, to further elucidate the mechanism. Our results indicate that Talin1 is substantially more expressed in HCC tissues than in tumor-adjacent tissues in terms of both mRNA and protein levels. High expression levels of Talin1 were linked to poorer prognosis in HCC patients. Downregulation of Talin1 inhibited HCC cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Further, we found that Talin1 regulates NRG1, which activates the downstream PI3K/AKT pathway to facilitate HCC progression. Our findings suggest that Talin1 is an oncogene that regulates NRG1/ PI3K/AKT pathway to promote HCC progression. These findings provide new insight into HCC development and may offer novel treatment strategies for HCC.
A CAR-T response prediction model for r/r B-NHL patients based on a T-cell subset nomogram
Authors: Zhang Xiaomei , Sun Rui , Zhao Yifan , Cao Xinping , Guo Ruiting , Zhang Yi , Zhao Mingfeng
Published: April 2023

Background
Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cells (CAR-T) have shown good clinical benefit in the treatment of patients with refractory or relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). However, the factors that influence the clinical response to CAR-T therapy are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the independent influencing factors of the efficacy of CAR-T cell infusion in the treatment of r/r B-NHL and to establish an early prediction model.
Methods
A total of 43 r/r B-NHL patients were enrolled in this retrospective study to develop and verify the accuracy of the predictive model for CAR-T treatment response. The patients’ pre-treatment baseline data, hematological indicators, T-cell collection baseline indicators, and other general data were recorded, and the patients’ treatment response was mainly observed. The independent factors of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) were investigated by univariate and binary logistic regression analysis, and the prediction model of the probability of CR was constructed according to the determined independent factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration plot were used to assess the discrimination and calibration of the established model.
Results
Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis of 43 patients showed that the ratio of Tcm and Tn in Tc cells was an independent risk factor for response to CAR-T cell therapy in r/r B-NHL. The AUC of Tcm in Tc and Tn in Tc nomogram model was 0.914 (95%CI 0.832-0.996), the sensitivity was 83% and the specificity was 74.2%, which had excellent predictive value.
Conclusions
The ratio of central memory T cells (Tcm) and naïve T cells (Tn) in cytotoxic T cells (Tc) was found to be able to predict the treatment response of CAR-T cells in r/r B-NHL, we have established a nomogram model for the assessment of CD19 CAR-T therapy response which presented a high specificity and sensitivity.
Preoperative CT semantic features predict lymph node metastasis of part-solid nodules in non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Jian , Niu Zhongfeng , Mao Guoqun , Zhu Xiandi , Xu Zhihua , Yang Dengfa , Wang Hui , Xu Maosheng , Xie Zongyu
Published: April 2023

Background Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is the most common way of metastasis of lung cancer, and it is an independent risk factor for long-term survival and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of preoperative computed tomography (CT) semantic features in differential diagnosis of LNM in part-solid nodules of NSCLC.Methods A total of 955 NSCLC patients confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively enrolled from January 2019 to March 2023. The clinical, pathological data and preoperative CT images of these patients were investigated and statistically analyzed in order to explore the risk factors of LNM. Multivariate logistic regression was used to select independent risk factors and establish different prediction models. 10-fold cross-validation was used for model training and validation. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was calculated and the Delong test was performed to compare the predictive performance between models.Results LNM occurred in 68 of 955 patients. After univariate analysis and adjustment for confounding factors, smoking history, pulmonary disease, solid component proportion, pleural contact type, and mean diameter were screened as independent risk factors for differential LNM. The image predictors model established by four independent factors of CT semantic features except smoking history showed a good diagnostic efficiency for LNM. Its AUC in the validation group was 0.857, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the model were all 77.6%.Conclusions Preoperative CT semantic features have good diagnostic value for LNM of NSCLC. The image predictors model based on pulmonary disease, solid component proportion, pleural contact type and mean diameter has excellent diagnostic efficacy, and can provide non-invasive evaluation for clinical practice.