bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metronidazole-loaded zinc oxide / graphene nanoparticles: synthesis, analysis, drug delivery, and antibacterial efficiency
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Hammadi Asmaa H. , Abdulmunem Habeeb Saba ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Jibouri Lena Fadhil ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Malik Samir Azzat ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq, Al bdear Fatema Samer ,   College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Adnan Amal ,   College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

In our study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by precipitation (economically and in high quality) at a temperature range of 60°C to 80°C and at pH 8, and were then adorned with graphene (G) plates. To determine its antimicrobial potential, the ZnO/G complex was loaded with metronidazole. The morphology and diameter of the ZnO nanocomposite before and after the loading were validated by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of the ZnO NPs was found to be 20–40 nm, while X-ray diffraction examined how the physical features of these NPs varied from those of its individual components with an average size of 28.1 nm. The assessment of the ZnO/G com¬plex’s antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was the main aim of our work. The agar well diffusion technique was used in order to assess the antibacterial activity of the ZnO/G complex with and without metronidazole. Our study demonstrates that the ZnO/G complex possesses antibacterial activity and might increase the antibiotic action by inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria (more than Gram-negative ones). It is, therefore, concluded that the ZnO/G NPs could be of use in formulating nano-drug conjugates that could act as antimicrobial agents.
Susceptibility to antibiotics and virulence profiling of Proteus mirabilis among foodstuff
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Jabuk Sura I. A. , Al-Maamori Anmar M. K. ,   Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Hussian Raflaa S. H. ,   Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Taee Zahraa M. ,   Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Proteus mirabilis is a genus of bacteria that can cause foodborne diseases. We collected 100 canned food samples from local supermarkets in Hillah (Iraq), including juice (23%), milk products (22%), beef (20%), fish (14%), milk (12%), and tomato paste (9%) samples. We subsequently characterized some virulence factors of P. mirabilis found in these foodstuff, including biofilm formation, protease activity, motility, haemolysis, adhesion, urease production, lipase pro¬duction, and antibiotic susceptibility. In a total of 32 foodstuff samples of positive culture, P. mirabilis was isolated in 15 (46.8%), including 3 juice samples, 4 milk product samples, 2 beef samples, 1 fish sample, 3 milk samples, and 2 tomato paste samples. All isolates exhibited swarming motility (100%) and urease production (100%), while none of the isolates was found to produce haemolysin. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility test revealed a higher re¬sistance against ampicillin (86.6%).
Evaluation of serum cystatin C levels in multiple myeloma: diagnostic significance and clinical implications
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Mousa Mazin J. , Al-Hindy Hayder Abdul-Amir ,   College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Mumin Amir Saheb ,   Hammurabi Medical College, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Cystatin C (CysC) levels in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have been linked to tumour load and outcomes’ prediction. This study aimed at assessing the diagnostic utility of CysC in distinguishing MM patients from controls and advanced stages of MM. In total, 98 MM patients and 57 healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional case-control study. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data were assessed. The study groups exhibited significantly diverse measures of urea, creatinine, CysC, β2-microglobulin, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. β2-Microglobulin was found to be a reliable predictor for both the MM staging and its diagnosis, but CysC was found to only possess a partial capacity of predicting advanced MM stages. Our results highlight the significance of taking into account many biomarkers in the therapy of MM, so as to achieve effective clinical evaluation. More research is required in order to clarify the CysC implication in the prognosis and management of MM.
The impact of human albumin on the activity of some anti-staphylococcal agents in an in vitro pharmacokinetics / pharmacodynamics model
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Jihad Safa ,   Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Saigh Rafal J. ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Humadi Hussam W. ,   College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

The emergence of anti-staphylococcal drug resistance has significantly increased, thereby making it difficult to control the life-threatening staphylococcal infections. A validated two-compartment in vitro pharmacokinetics / pharmacody¬namics (PK/PD) model has been used in order to estimate the efficacies of some anti-staphylococcal drugs - namely, vancomycin (maximum concentration or Cmax of 3 and 5 mg/L), teicoplanin (Cmax of 5 and 10 mg/L), and minocycline (Cmax of 2 and 4 mg/L) – against a mixed staphylococcal infection (S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. epidermidis ATCC 12228), with or without human albumin (2%). The PK profile for each drug was simulated as time-concentration de¬pending on the drug’s half-life. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the relative optical density for bacterial growth, and the exposure / effect relationship (fAUC0-24/MIC) have also been assessed in this study. Our results revealed that minocycline has the best efficacy over other antibiotics against the assessed isolates (single or mixed). Moreover, the addition of albumin exhibited a negative effect on vancomycin and a positive effect on teicoplanin in both the single and the mixed infections. In conclusion, albumin drew a different antibiotic scenario in response to different pathogens.
Real-world data on the effectiveness of the meloxicam and pridinol combination for musculoskeletal pain
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq, Mahtook Marwan , Saadi Maiss ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq, Alhameedawi Saifan ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq, Obaid Noor M. ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq, Alsaraf  Khulood ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Musculoskeletal pain includes several types of discomfort associated with the skeletal system. Pharmaceutically, pridinol was developed in order to relax muscles. No empirical data exist to support the effectiveness of using meloxicam in combination therapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. This study compared pridinol and meloxicam for musculoskeletal pain. The current observational study assessed a total of 82 patients. The study’s participants were divided into three groups: the “meloxicam” group, the “pridinol” group, and the “meloxicam + pridinol” group. Pain levels were measured before and four weeks after giving the drug, by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). We employed a Kruskal-Wallis test in order to evaluate the variations in pain measurement among the groups. The three groups’ VAS and WOMAC scores did not differ before the drug administration. The “meloxicam + pridinol” treatment resulted in significant pain relief based on VAS and WOMAC scores at 1, 2, and 4 weeks (as compared to other groups; p<0.05). At 4 weeks, the VAS and WOMAC ratings exhibited no significant pain relief in the “meloxicam” group when compared to the “pridinol” group. The meloxicam-pridinol combination proved efficacious for musculoskeletal pain, and is recom¬mended for its therapy.
Protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination against a SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in the Babil Province
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Alzubaidi Fatima Adnan , Oubaid Enass Najem ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Shubber Zahraa I. J. ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Humadi Hussam Wahab ,   College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Saigh Rafal J. ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Reinfection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been documented all over the world. Currently, limited evidence exists concerning the protec¬tion afforded by the COVID-19 vaccination against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. This case-control study was per¬formed in order to assess the association between COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in the Babil Province; the study used an electronic questionnaire. The infected patients were 115 (aged ≥18 years) and were confirmed by a positive PCR and/or a CT scan, they were either fully vaccinated or not with a second dose of a (Pfizer, AstraZeneca, or Sinopharm) vaccine before the reinfection date, and they were compared with 300 control partici¬pants. The study’s findings revealed that the unvaccinated individuals had 4.5 times the odds of reinfection compared to those who were fully vaccinated, without preference for the manufacturer of the vaccine. The conclusion suggests that getting fully vaccinated against COVID-19 can significantly reduce the likelihood of reinfection, can enhance overall protection, and can minimize the risk of future infections.
In vitro study of the antibacterial effects of the Cydonia oblonga extract
Authors:   Department of Basic and Medical Science, College of Nursing, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Hindi Nada Khazal Kadhim ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq, Hadi Baraa Hamid ,   Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Shalah Lubna Abdul Muttalib ,   Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Abbas Ahmed Saleem ,   Department of Software, College of Information Technology, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Cydonia oblonga is effective against many infections and has medicinal properties that are useful in the treatment of many other diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the antimicrobial activity (in the form of anti-adherence and anti-biofilm formation) of the aqueous Cydonia oblonga extract. The biological activity of the extract was compared to that of imipenem. All bacterial isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria assessed were found to be susceptible to the Cydonia oblonga extract and the zone of inhibition ranged from 24 to 34 mm. Most bacterial isolates were resistant to the antibiotic, and some bacterial isolates were sensitive to imipenem. The adherence and biofilm formation inhibitory activities in the presence of the aqueous extract of Cydonia oblonga were found to be moderate or elevated in most of the Gram-negative bacteria assessed. According to our findings, the aqueous Cydonia oblonga extract displays great effectiveness (and promise) against many pathogenic bacterial isolates.
Molecular study of KRAS mutations in Iraqi patients with gastrointestinal tract cancer
Authors:   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Aljaryan Hajir B. , Al-Shamari Ataa Khalil ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al-Ameedy Taif Hussein ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Al Sa’ady Amal Talib ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq, Hussain Samir Azzat Malik ,   College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Gastrointestinal cancers, including stomach, liver, oesophageal, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, represent more than a quarter of all cancers. Many abnormal gene expressions and dysregulated signalling pathways have been found in human cancer. Cancer often has activating mutations of the KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma virus) oncogene. Fifty blood samples from gastrointestinal cancer patients were gathered from the Merjan Teaching Hospital in Babylon, Iraq, and were used for a case-control study in the Oncology Center. According to the results, the most common cancers were found in the colon (29%), followed by the liver (27%), pancreas (19%), stomach (13%), and other (12%). In this work, we evaluated the distribution of KRAS mutations across the gastrointestinal tract. Sequencing data re¬vealed a significant regional difference in the frequency of KRAS mutations, while the alignment results revealed the presence of six variations in the analysed samples when compared with the referring reference DNA sequences. Six highly interesting nucleic acid polymorphisms were detected in the investigated samples. When combined with addi¬tional carcinogenic markers such as the patient sex, age, consistent molecular subtypes, and tumour stage, KRAS mutation is not the deterministic carcinogenic factor for gastrointestinal malignancies.
A magyar települési önkormányzatok az államháztartási számvitelben
Authors: Tóth Balázs
Published: May 2024

„A hatékony közszolgálat feltételezi a releváns és korszerű, komplex közpénzügyi és államszámviteli tudás meglétét. A könyvet jó szívvel ajánlom államháztartási, illetve tágabb értelemben vett államháztartási gazdálkodásban tevékenykedő szakembereknek, különösen a hazai egyetemek közpénzügyi stúdiumokat végző hallgatóinak, ugyanakkor a könyv célcsoportja lehet a téma kutatói köre is.” Hegedűs Szilárd lektor A nemzetgazdaság sokszereplős rendszerét átfogja a riportkészítés, beszámolás, továbbá az adatszolgáltatás kötelezettsége. Nincs ez másképp az államháztartás vonatkozásában sem. Kiemelendő, hogy az államháztartás működése során közpénzekkel gazdálkodik, ebből adódóan kiemelt felelőssége van annak elköltésével kapcsolatban. Ennek megfelelően az államháztartási szabályozás lényegesen szigorúbb a vállalati vagy egyéb szervezetekkel összehasonlítva. Az államháztartási szabályozás 2014-től jelentősen átalakult, ennek egyik fontos következménye, hogy a korábbi tisztán pénzforgalmi számvitel mellé az elhatárolás alapú, pénzforgalmi szemléletű számvitel lépett. A reform hatására jelentősen növekedett a rendelkezésre álló információk köre, amely pontosabb döntéshozatalt, feszesebb gazdálkodást tett lehetővé az államháztartási szektorban. A kötetben a szerző a helyi önkormányzatok számviteli rendszerének empirikus kutatási eredményeit mutatja be.
ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA IDEIA E REPRESENTAÇÃO DE POTENCIAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Alexandre Ferreira da , Sá Pedro Franco de , Santos Maria de Lourdes Silva , Lopes Thiago Beirigo
Published: May 2024

Este artigo apresenta momentos históricos que compõem o avanço da representação do que hoje concebemos como o objeto matemático da potenciação. Adotou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica neste estudo. Para tal, utilizamos a classificação proposta inicialmente por Florian Cajori, em 1928, acerca das etapas de desenvolvimento da potenciação, e a vinculamos às fases de transformação da álgebra, aceita por diversos autores. O resultado foi um percurso temporal iniciado nos antigos povos babilônicos e egípcios de milênios atrás, onde foram concebidas as primeiras ideias de potenciação, passando por estudiosos como Arquimedes e Hipócrates na Idade Antiga; Diofanto, al-Khwârizmi e Bhaskara, na Idade Média; Stifel, Viète e, finalmente, em Descartes, na Idade Moderna. Também mostramos algumas das representações da potenciação em linguagens de programação a partir do século XX. Por fim, concluímos que 1) é possível organizar a modificação da notação da potenciação em quatro fases: primeiras representações, planos Abreviado, Indexado e linguagem de programação, as quais têm relação com as fases de mudança da álgebra: retórica, sincopada e simbólica; 2) conhecer a história da formulação de uma ideia ou conceito matemático pode ser importante para desmistificar a concepção de muitos que tudo o que foi proposto ou desenvolvido ao longo da história foi aceito harmonicamente entre estudiosos da área; e que 3) para os profissionais que trabalham com o ensino da matemática é recomendável conhecer esse e outros temas relacionados ao desenvolvimento de conceitos, propriedades e teoremas, para possibilitarem uma prática de ensino mais atrativa e eficaz aos seus alunos.
The Negative Effects of Cultural Identity on Preschool Girls in Bong, Lofa, and Nimba Counties of Liberia
Authors: Forkpah Eric
Published: May 2024

This paper probes into the multifaceted issues surrounding violence against women and challenges to girls' education in Liberia. Coomaraswamy's 2002 research underscored the role of cultural behaviors in family structures contributing significantly to violence against women. King and Winthrop's 2015 study explored factors such as poverty, gender norms, and cultural expectations, contributing to discussions on fair educational opportunities. Cunningham et al.'s 2023 research delved into gender disparities across economic, educational, healthcare, and political spheres, employing a women's empowerment perspective. Theoretical frameworks rooted in gender and social norm theories were employed to understand the impact of cultural identity on preschool girls' education in Liberia. The study focused on evaluating negative effects on preschool girls in Bong, Lofa, and Nimba counties, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to create a supportive environment. Coomaraswamy's 2002 insistence on rejecting the use of cultural considerations to justify violence against girls resonates globally. The study also highlighted disparities in girls' primary school enrollment rates in the region compared to the global average, emphasizing the urgency of addressing educational inequalities. Overall, this paper contributes valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and communities, advocating for positive change in Liberia's educational landscape and women's empowerment.
Relationship Between Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Level and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Authors: Cakmakci Sumeyye Sukran , Demirci Deniz
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fibromyalgia disease activity and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) level in patients with fibromyalgia, as well as TMD-related symptoms of cervical muscle endurance, cervical pain, anxiety and kinesiophobia.
Method: The study comprised 50 participants, consisting of 3 males and 47 females, all diagnosed with TMD and fibromyalgia. The severity of TMD was gauged through the Fonseca Amnestic Questionnaire (FAQ), while the functional status of the subjects was evaluated using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Cervical muscle endurance was measured via the Cervical Flexor Muscle Endurance Test (CFMET). Additionally, cervical pain, kinesiophobia, and anxiety levels were assessed utilizing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), respectively.Formun Üstü
Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the level of  TMD and the functional status of the patients (p < 0.05). Conversely, no statistically significant correlation was discerned between TMD and the variables of VAS, CFMET, TSK, and BAQ (p > 0.05). Notably, a significant correlation was detected between TMD and the disease activity among fibromyalgia patients exhibiting TMD. However, no statistically significant correlation was identified between head and neck complications, kinesiophobia, and anxiety within the fibromyalgia patient cohort.
Conclusion: Although it is recognized that these clinical parameters in the context of fibromyalgia do not depend solely on the level of TMD, it is imperative that they be evaluated collectively when evaluating the patient.
Effect of Thyroid Dysfunction on Tissue Factor Level and Activity in Rats
Authors: Oktay Nihal , Emekli Nesrin
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Tissue factor (TF) is a cellular element that initiates the coagulation cascade. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are the most common thyroid dysfunctions and several coagulation and hemostatic abnormalities occur in thyroid disorders. The study aims to investigate the effects of thyroid dysfunction on TF activity in the tissues, such as brain, liver, and kidney tissues, and on TF levels in sera of rats.
Methods: Thirty rats were divided equally into 3 groups: 1. Controls, 2. Hypothyroid group, 3. Hyperthyroid group. Methimazole (75 mg/100 g diet) was added to the diet of the hypothyroid group, and L-thyroxine (0.4 mg/100 g diet) was added to the diet of the hyperthyroid group to obtain experimental groups. Controls were fed with standard chow. TF activities were determined in brain, liver and kidney tissues, while TF levels were investigated in sera.
Results: In brain, liver, and kidney tissues, significant decreases were observed in TF activities of both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats compared to the controls. Sera TF levels increased significantly in both hypo- and hyperthyroid rats than those of controls.
Conclusion: Coagulation abnormalities can be developed and coronary artery diseases might be triggered by hypo- and hyperthyroidism.
Peran Pemimpin Transformasional Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi : Studi Kasus Pada Industri Manufaktur
Authors: Didik Hadiyatno
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja organisasi dalam konteks industri manufaktur, serta faktor-faktor kontekstual yang memoderasi hubungan tersebut. Melalui analisis literatur dan studi kasus, temuan menunjukkan bahwa pemimpin transformasional memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang dinamis dan memotivasi karyawan untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Dalam industri manufaktur, di mana efisiensi operasional dan inovasi menjadi kunci keberhasilan, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dapat meningkatkan motivasi, komunikasi, dan kinerja keseluruhan perusahaan. Faktor-faktor kontekstual seperti struktur organisasi, budaya perusahaan, dan kondisi pasar dapat memoderasi hubungan antara pemimpin transformasional dan kinerja organisasi. Dengan memahami faktor-faktor ini, pemimpin transformasional dapat mengembangkan strategi kepemimpinan yang lebih efektif dan relevan dengan karakteristik industri manufaktur di mana mereka beroperasi. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga bagi pemimpin dan manajer dalam industri manufaktur untuk meningkatkan kinerja organisasi dan mencapai keunggulan kompetitif dalam pasar yang kompetitif.
Factors affecting the learning process among intermediate pupils at Austrias Elementary School, MBHTE-Sulu
Authors: Zaulda Gee-Gee , Asiri Masnona
Published: May 2024

This quantitative study aims to investigate the factors influencing the learning process among intermediate pupils at Asturias Elementary School, MBHTE- Sulu. The research design employed was descriptive, and a purposive sampling method was used to select 100 student-respondents. The study findings indicate that the majority of student-respondents at Asturias Elementary School are female, aged between 10-11 years old, in grade V, and have parents with a college education. Several factors, including pupils’ attitude, teaching materials, and home-related factors, significantly impact the learning process. Teaching materials emerged as the most influential and variable factor, as evidenced by their highest mean score and standard deviation. The study found no significant differences In the perception of factors affecting the learning process based on gender, age, and parents’ educational attainment. However, a significant difference was observed based on grade level. Correlation analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between pupils’ attitude and teaching materials, a low positive correlation between pupils’ attitude and home-related factors, and a low negative correlation between teaching materials and home-related factors. These correlations were statistically significant, except for the correlation between pupils’ attitude and teaching materials. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the school head of Asturias Elementary School provide teachers with adequate resources and support to address the factors influencing the learning process. Moreover, teachers should utilize diverse teaching methods and materials that are appropriate, relevant, and effective. Parents are encouraged to support their children’s learning process and create a positive home environment. Lastly, students are advised to actively engage in sharing their experiences and perspectives on the learning process with teachers, parents, and peers while respecting and valuing others’ viewpoints and experiences. This study contributes to the understanding of factors affecting the learning process among intermediate pupils and provides recommendations for effective teaching strategies.
Teachers’ feedback and English academic achievement of grade 8 and 9 students at Sulu State College Laboratory High School
Authors: Ignacio Merna Jane , Julhamid Nelson , Asiri Masnona
Published: May 2024

Among students at Sulu State College Laboratory High School in Grades 8 and 9, a study was done to look into the connection between academic achievement in English and instructor feedback. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of instructor feedback methods on students' performance in English classes. Surveys and an analysis of academic records were used to gather information about how well teachers' feedback improved students' learning outcomes. The results showed a strong relationship between students' academic achievement in English in Grades 8 and 9. Students' levels of academic accomplishment and English proficiency were higher when they received timely and constructive feedback from their teachers. Students' academic growth in English was found to be significantly influenced by effective feedback mechanisms, including encouragement, targeted suggestions for improvement, and personalized comments. The study emphasizes the significance of high-quality feedback in promoting student learning and academic development, particularly in English language subjects. To support students' overall academic achievement and English language proficiency at Sulu State College Laboratory High School, recommendations include implementing continuous assessment practices, promoting a feedback-oriented classroom culture, and improving teacher training on feedback strategies.
Factors influencing the success in Nurse Licensure Examination among Bachelor of Science in Nursing graduates in Jolo
Authors: Kuhutan Ferridzque , Jalilul Alijandrina , Asiri Masnona
Published: May 2024

This study evaluated the extent to which Jolo graduates with a bachelor’s degree in nursing are influenced by several factors when taking the Nurse Licensure Examination. After using purposive sampling to obtain 100 samples using the non-probability sampling approach, and utilizing the weighted mean, standard deviation, t-test for independent samples, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s r, The following conclusions are drawn from this study: 1) Of the 100 nurse respondents, the majority are single, between the ages of 23 and 25; 2) On average, nurse respondents are highly satisfied with the contributing factors that enabled them to pass the Nurse Licensure Examination; 3) In general, variables such as age, civil status, and year of graduation do not influence how nurses in Jolo assessed the extent of factors influencing the success of the Nurse Licensure Examination among graduates of Bachelor of Science in Nursing; 4) group of nurse-respondents who generally believed that the school factor and examination factor were the main factors influencing the success of the Nurse Licensure Examination among Bachelor of Science in Nursing Graduates in Jolo, respectively, and the review factor and candidate factor, respectively, were the main factors influencing the success of the examination, may be the same group of nurse-respondents who believed that the factors influencing the success of the examination were the main factors. 5) The study supports Bandura’s social learning theory, arguing that social imitation, influenced by attention, motivation, attitudes, and emotions, is the primary method for teaching activities through observation, imitation, and modeling.
Recepciones en los poblados guaraní tutelados por Jesuitas: La cultura barroca en prácticas rituales y efímeras
Authors: Page Carlos A
Published: May 2024

El artículo se propone estudiar las recepciones que se desarrollaban durante las visitas a las reducciones del Paraguay, desde los misioneros y superiores de la orden hasta los obispos pasando por los gobernadores. El enfoque se hace sobre estas poblaciones indígenas a cargo de los jesuitas desde la creación de las primeras reducciones hasta la expulsión. La pregunta que nos formulamos es en qué medida se modifican las estructuras poblacionales frente a las celebraciones dadas en el entorno propio del barroco donde las ritualidades y el arte efímero juegan un papel preponderante en una interrupción de la cotidianeidad de sus habitantes que pasan a ser partícipes de la fiesta.
CRÓNICA DE UNA EXPULSIÓN (1767). Los Jesuitas en España
Authors: Rodríguez Souquet Carlos A.
Published: May 2024

El año 2023 rememora los 250 años del Breve Pontificio Dominus ac Redemptor, promulgado el 21 de julio de 1773. Este fue el instrumento canónico utilizado por el Papa Clemente XIV para suprimir la Compañía de Jesús en la Iglesia Católica. Por otra parte, el año 2023 también evoca los 256 años de la expulsión de los Jesuitas en España. En general se suele obviar la relación intrínseca que existe entre la expulsión de los Jesuitas en España y el trágico desenlace posterior, como fue la disolución de la Compañía. Para cambiar el paradigma, lo hechos señalados se deben considera como Actos sucesivos de una misma Tragedia. En este contexto general, se quiere recordar la cronología de la expulsión de los Jesuitas españoles. Se trata de un calendario de acciones precisas y bien planificadas hasta el punto de llamar la atención de un lector novel.
Jesuitas: entre desconfianza y aversión Preliminares de una extinción (1773)
Authors: Rodríguez Souquet Carlos A.
Published: May 2024

El año 2023 rememora los 250 años de la publicación del Breve Pontificio Dominus ac Redemptor por el cual se extinguía la Compañía de Jesús en la Iglesia Católica a causa de la presión de la Casa de Borbón sobre el Papa Clemente XIV. Antes de la extinción, los Jesuitas fueron expulsados de España (hace 256 años) como también de otras Monarquías ilustradas del siglo XVIII en Europa. Este artículo se detiene a considerar una serie de documentos “menores” sobre la opinión que progresivamente se formó alrededor de los Jesuitas, para bien o para mal, en los dominios hispanos.
Bibliografía del padre José del Rey Fajardo, s.j.
Authors: Pérez Francisco Javier
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación pretende abarcar, en su gran mayoría, el nutrido repertorio Bibliográfico del R.P. José del Rey Fajardo, s.j. Algunas notas biográficas acompañan la sostenida y amplísima producción creativa.
Utopía y política en la Independencia: el libro el año 2440 en el Correo del Orinoco
Authors: Falcón Fernando
Published: May 2024

El objeto del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar la presencia de la obra L’an deux mille quatre cent quarante. Rêve s’il en fût jamais (“El año 2440. Un sueño como no ha habido otro”) en la prensa de la emancipación de Colombia “la Grande”, más concretamente en el Correo del Orinoco. Se busca con ello modificar los niveles de comprensión acerca de la presencia de ese texto en la América española.
A tales fines, describiré el contenido del texto, así como las innovaciones que tal obra presenta en materia de elaboración de utopías durante la Ilustración francesa y la filiación de su autor verdadero. Por otra parte, examinaré la data de su presencia, tanto en América española como en el Correo del Orinoco, a fin de determinar las vías de circulación y difusión de textos durante la emancipación americana, con especial énfasis en Venezuela y Colombia. Finalmente, presentaré las conclusiones correspondientes.
Three inequalities for quadratic-phase Fourier transform
Authors: Bahri Mawardi
Published: May 2024

In this work, we introduce the one-dimensional quadratic-phase Fourier transform. The relation between one-dimensional quadratic-phase Fourier transform and one-dimensional Fourier transform is discussed in detail. We finally propose several versions of the inequalites related to one-dimensional quadratic-phase Fourier transform.
Comparative analysis of postoperative complications of the open, laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy
Authors: Kadyrov Z. A. , Odilov A. Yu. , Faniev M. V. , Demin N. V.
Published: May 2024

Objective. To compare the postoperative complications of open, laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomies.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 803 patients who underwent open, laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy on the basis of 3 clinics of the Medical Institute of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia and in Republican scientific-clinical center «Urology»; Dushanbe, Tajikistan in the period from 2008 to, 2022. Postoperative complications were recorded and classified according to the Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC). All analyses were performed on SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA).

Results. In the examined groups, no statistically significant differences were found between the operated patients by age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and concomitant diseases. Based on the analysis of the table, it can be concluded that the most significant differences were found for the indicator of intestinal damage in the LN group in relation to the PH and TN groups (2.23% and 1.98 %; p = 0.0345 and p = 0.0127); the indicator «Intestinal paresis» in the LN and TN groups in relation to the PH group (3.43% and 7.9%; p = 0.0422 and p = 0.0077); pneumothorax index in the TN group compared to the LN and PH groups (2.08% and 2.45%; p = 0.0123 and p = 0.0177); wound suppuration index in the PH and TN groups relative to the LN group (6.02%) and 10.60%); p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001); total the rate of complications in the TN group significantly differed in relation to the LN and PH groups (p = 0.0060).

Conclusion. In this study, patients after open surgery had a higher percentage of complications, which is associated not only with traumatic access, but also the predominance in this group of patients with purulentinflammatory complications, as well as a large number of operations in the anamnesis.
Modeling of an automated learning system
Authors:   Non-Government Organization ", Artemenko Olha ,   Academy of Technical Sciences of Ukraine"
Published: May 2024

Розроблено концептуальну модель автоматизованої навчальної системи «Документи аеронавігаційної інформації», описані блоки, функції блоків автоматизованої навчальної системи та предметна область системи. Для формального опису системи застосовано теоретико-множинний опис складних систем та описано набір множин, що характеризують види діяльності користувачів в системі. Проведені теоретичні дослідження стали основою для розробки прототипу автоматизованої навчальної системи «Документи аеронавігаційної інформації».
The influence of information and communication technologies of education quality management on stakeholders as a result of a planned project solution
Authors:   Non-Government Organization ", Kubiavka Mykola ,   Academy of Technical Sciences of Ukraine"
Published: May 2024

Запропоновано використати методи та моделі управління впливами на проекти з проектного менеджменту, так як будь-яке управління персоналом, працівниками чи колективом є прерогативою саме проектного управління, а сам вплив, його оцінка, міра та цілеспрямованість пропонується розглянути у розрізі Теорії несилової взаємодії, так як саме вона дає математичний інструментарій для визначення найбільш ефективних способів щодо використання інформаційних впливів на управління інформаційними взаємодіями. Показано, що для побудови систем управління програмами інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій управління якістю освіти необхідно відхилиться від традиційної схеми управління змінами, як управління якимось процесом, а перейти до управління першоджерелом цих змін – впливами на програму інформатизації до управління якими можна і потрібно підходити з позицій методології управління проектами.
Investigating Online and Physical Retailing with the Perspective of Traditional Economic Geography in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Mosafa Alireza , Folad Farhad , Riazi Hamid
Published: May 2024

It is crucial to understand the needs of consumers, producers, and intermediaries (retailers) in the context of the rapid growth of companies and organizations. The use of a supply chain management system can greatly enhance the efficiency of order transmission and receipt. However, it is unfortunate that management systems, particularly supply chain management, have not fully capitalized on the opportunities offered by today's technology-driven and intelligent world. This presents an interesting challenge for management systems focusing on sustainable development goals, especially during times of crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. The outbreak and global spread of the coronavirus has exposed the vulnerability of the global supply chain. From the initial stages of sourcing raw materials to the production and distribution of goods, every step is susceptible to disruption. In light of this, companies must proactively anticipate potential issues and implement measures to restore and improve their supply chains. To raise awareness about this critical issue, it is important to identify the challenges faced by companies and businesses. This will enable us to develop strategies for improvement and recovery, both in online and physical retail, from the perspective of traditional economic geography. Supply chain recovery is of utmost importance and goes beyond crisis management, as it involves overcoming numerous challenges during the recovery phase. The severity and adverse effects of the pandemic may vary, making it crucial for businesses to carefully navigate the long-term and destructive impacts on their supply chains. Subsequently, the recovery of the supply chain in the post-pandemic era requires a comprehensive approach that encompasses both online and physical retail, taking into account traditional economic geography. Therefore, in the midst of an epidemic, identifying potential challenges in the supply chain and understanding their impact on post-disaster recovery strategies play a vital role. This understanding will inform the development of appropriate strategies to address these challenges, both in online and physical retail, from a traditional geographic perspective.
How could I improve the English knowledge level of the eighth grade students of Esmatiyeh school in Lariyan village in Manoujan city , in Kerman province
Authors: Chaharghonbadi Maryam
Published: May 2024

The current research was conducted in the academic year of 1401 in the eighth grade of Esmatiyeh Middle School, located in Manujan city, in the village of Larian, with 22 students. The language is English, and the purpose of this research is to improve the level of learning of the eighth grade students in the English language course and to improve understanding its concepts through re-teaching them English letters. Based on this, the researcher uses scientific methods from various research sources such as:
The manager, colleagues, students, books, magazines and the internet analyzed them to identify the effective factors in creating the problem and finding proposed solutions. Then she chose several practical ways from among the proposed solutions and after validation Some of them were implemented by the research group, which were: re-teaching the English alphabet, using capital and small letters , flash cards with the names and sounds of the letters, finding letters in the English texts of textbooks, training and repeating and practicing Simple words consisting of the letters taught in each session, making vocabulary flash cards by students and installing them in the classroom, playing alphabet songs during teaching in the class.
It should be noticed that after performing the above solutions, the researcher was able to increase the frequency of students improved in distinguishing alphabets , reading  ,and understanding English language concepts from 10% to 70%. In the end, it was concluded that re-teaching the alphabet in the second grade of high school, and repeating and practicing the letters at the beginning of the school year and strengthening the visual and auditory memory of the students improving learning and understanding the concepts of the second grade book Secondary has been effective.
The challenges of the United Nations about peacekeeping in Cyprus and protecting the human rights of its inhabitants
Authors: Rasi Seyyed Ahmad
Published: May 2024

The peace plan known as the Annan plan was presented by the United Nations and many negotiations between the two sides were held under the supervision of this organization, which failed for several reasons. And the unification of the island has not been achieved. Ethnic conflict and Turkish and Greek nationalism, differences over how to distribute power, demographic, territorial issues, problems, and how Cyprus interacts with the two countries of Greece and Turkey as the guarantors of the island's independence, are among the main obstacles of the Cyprus problem. By relying on military forces, Turkey and Greece, by taking advantage of the historical and cultural scope, are trying to gain more sphere of influence in Cyprus and resolve this issue in their own interest. It is because of this issue that the United Nations has entered the issue and has tried to solve the related challenge with numerous resolutions. Based on this, we intend to pay attention to the subject of the challenges of the United Nations about peacekeeping in Cyprus and protecting the human rights of its inhabitants based on the analytical-descriptive method and in the form of a library. The results of the research show that the relevant organization has not been completely successful in its mission, but it has been able to manage the issue of peacekeeping and manage tension and physical conflict for decades, although the presence of Turkish military forces also provides the necessary balance in the practical field and in the politics.
PROTECTION OF RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS OF MINORS IN EMPLOYMENT
Authors: Hostikvish Stephan
Published: May 2024

The issue of protecting the rights of minors is undoubtedly relevant. There is a tendency in society when the employment of minors in the labor market is growing. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theory and practice of legal regulation of labor of minors under Ukrainian and international law and to find the optimal solution to the problematic issues that exist in this area. The article deals with the legal features of the work of minors at the national and international levels. Universal international legal acts enshrine the fundamentals of protection of the rights of minors from forced labor and oblige states to set a minimum age for employment and prohibit minors from holding certain positions. National legislation extends the norms on the work of minors in accordance with their labor market, clarifies and expands the rights of minors and the employment procedure. Despite the fact that the rights of child workers are clearly regulated, the state should eliminate certain shortcomings to ensure the rights and freedoms of this group of workers. The authors conclude that the term "light work" needs to be clarified, and a detailed classification of child workers depending on their age and state benefits is necessary. It is necessary to take educational measures to inform minors about their rights in the field of employment, and to develop a simplified mechanism for the protection of their rights. Scientific work can contribute to consolidate Ukraine's international relations with that of other countries in terms of developing bilateral relations to protect the rights of underage workers.
Examining evidence to prove the claim in the appeals court
Authors: Daryan Bahar
Published: May 2024

As the evidence is of special importance in different courts, including primary, appeals and appeals، the legal requirements governing the evidence in the appeal stage in legal claims is one of the important topics of the appeal, therefore, in this article, which is prepared and arranged in a descriptive and analytical method, the basic question is which legal requirements govern.
The results of the research show that legal laws such as civil procedure have a special order for presenting and proving evidence in the appeal stage. Also, in the appeal stage, the failure to express the reason in the initial stage and the lack of evaluation of the reason in the initial stage should be observed. It is worth it. It should be noted that in the presentation of evidence at the appeal stage, requirements such as the principle of effectiveness, the principle of relevance, the principle of citation and the power of proof must be observed
A Study on the Aspects of Consumer Buying Behavior in E-Commerce
Authors:   Multimedia Engineering Department, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea, Bharti Preeti , Islam Md. Rakibul ,   Multimedia Engineering Department, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea
Published: May 2024

Technological innovation in the business field has provided a new paradigm commonly known as e-commerce. People can now do professional trading through the Internet. Thus, behavioral research would be beneficial for businesses engaging in this trend and for those who are still planning to do so. This paper deals with a descriptive study of consumer buying behavior in e-commerce. This discusses a brief history of e-commerce, consumer buying behavior, and the processes involved in purchasing decisions. In addition, the various factors and models of consumer buying behavior were enumerated. Furthermore, a collection of literature about e-commerce and elements affecting consumer behavior were discussed.
A Misidentified Image of Bhr̥kuṭī in the National Museum Bangkok
Authors:   Leiden University (Alumna), Sundström Sofia
Published: May 2024

This study delves into the misidentification of a seated female figure in meditation, displayed at the National Museum Bangkok, now identified as Bhr̥kuṭī. The statuette, dating back to approximately 750–850 ce, showcases unique attributes, such as a distinctive stūpa on the deity’s hair topknot. Analyzing its iconography, the notice traces the evolution of Bhr̥kuṭī’s representation from South to Southeast Asia, highlighting her diverse forms and roles in Buddhist art history. The study challenges established norms, proposing a potential import hypothesis, and emphasizes the intricate interplay of regional influences, artistic diversity, and the evolving roles of Buddhist female deities.
In the Footsteps of Wolfgang Franke: Revisiting Chinese Temples in Bangkok
Authors:   Temple University, Bingenheimer Marcus , McBain Paul ,   Pridi Banomyong International College, Thammasat University
Published: May 2024

Online Appendices