bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Histopathologic Types of Gingival Lesions in the Iranian Population: A 22‐Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Shamloo Nafiseh , Alam Mostafa , Khaleghi Armin
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Gingiva is one of the supporting tissues around the teeth that can be affected by various neoplastic or nonneoplastic lesions. Previous studies have examined several types of gingival lesions, but the lack of a standardized classification system has hindered meaningful comparisons. Additionally, many studies focused primarily on reactive lesions. Our study aims to contribute to the understanding of gingival lesions by investigating their prevalence across age groups, genders, sites, and by their clinical presentation. This research could lead to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study explores the prevalence of gingival lesions based on biopsies during a 22‐year span. The patient's demographic details, including age, gender, and lesion's clinical presentation were systematically collected. These lesions were categorized into six groups. Descriptive statistics, χ2 test of independence, and one‐way ANOVA were used for data analysis.

Results

Among the 7668 biopsied lesions, 684 (8.9%) lesions were located in the gingiva, with a greater occurrence in women (63.5%). Soft tissue tumors represented the most prevalent group in the gingival lesions (72.1%), and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) was the most frequent lesion (21.2%), followed by, pyogenic granuloma (19.3%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (17.8%) and focal fibrous hyperplasia (7.6%); all of which predominantly affected women, with mean ages falling in the fourth decade of life. Squamous cell carcinoma was recognized as the most common malignancy.

Conclusion

In this study, PGCG was found to be the most common lesion in the gingiva in Iranian population. Further analysis using a unanimous categorization is required to confirm these results.
Synergy of 6G technology and IoT networks for transformative applications
Authors: Das Moupriya , Nag Anindya , Hassan Md. Mehedi , Santra Arkya , Chand Nisarga , Yasmin Farhana , Sinha Anurag , Bairagi Anupam Kumar , Alkhayyat Ahmed
Published: June 2024

The rapid growth of Wi‐Fi networking and intelligent systems, fueled by the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), has enabled significant transformative advancements. The imminent arrival of sixth‐generation (6G) wireless networks offers more opportunities as fifth‐generation (5G) wireless networks improve IoT connections. This study explores the potential advantages of 6G technology and IoT networks, focusing on edge intelligence, reconfigurable smart surfaces, Terahertz communications, and blockchain integration. The study examines potential implementation challenges and highlights the potential impact of 6G on IoT device usage. This research outlines potential applications of 6G in many sectors like the internet of vehicles, healthcare, autonomous driving, unmanned aerial vehicles, satellite television, and industrial IoT. This research elaborates on specific research topics related to 6G‐IoT technologies to enhance understanding and practical applicability.
Experimental and numerical studies on the seismic performance of fully cast‐in‐situ concrete exterior walls
Authors: Jiang Qing , Su Wenji , Chong Xun , Liang Jiahui , Yin Bo , Song Pengcheng , Feng Yulong
Published: June 2024

To investigate differences in the seismic performance of the main structure between a window sill wall and a coupling beam under two different flexible connections, two coupled shear wall specimens with concrete window sill walls and one counterpart specimen without infill walls (S‐1) were designed for quasistatic tests. The test results indicated the following: In specimen S‐2, fully disconnected by polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes, the coupling beam and window sill wall formed a double coupling beam working mode. The failure mode of the main structure of specimens S‐1 and S‐2 was the beam‐hinge mechanism. In specimen S‐3, which was partially disconnected by extruded polystyrene board strips, the coupling beam and the window sill wall worked together as an integral beam and underwent shear failure, revealing significant differences in failure mode compared to S‐1. In addition, the relative deformation between the first‐floor window wall and the main structure of specimen S‐2 could occur, and the interaction between the two was relatively small compared with that of specimen S‐3. Similarly, compared with those of specimen S‐1, the peak loads of specimens S‐2 and S‐3 were approximately 52.37% and 79.99% greater, respectively. The ductility coefficient of S‐2 was equivalent to that of S‐1, while the displacement ductility coefficient of S‐3 decreased by approximately 41.95% compared to that of S‐1. The connection between the main structure and the concrete infill wall with PVC effectively reduced the interaction between the two components and reduced the damage. Finally, MSC. Marc software was used to establish a solid model and simplified model of the equivalent compression bars of all the specimens, and the results were compared with the test results.
Seismic fragility analysis of human perception in high‐rise buildings subjected to far‐field long‐period earthquake ground motions: A case study for Shanghai tower
Authors: Ning Chao‐Lie , Samit Shrestha , Ji Kun
Published: June 2024

Human perception in high‐rise buildings during far‐field long‐period earthquake ground motions often induces psychological discomfort, including fear and anxiety. A comprehensive understanding on human perception of seismic events is vital for city planning and emergency management, facilitating effective evacuation plans and minimizing stampede risks. This study addresses a gap by employing the seismic fragility analysis method to delineate how human perception in high‐rise buildings is affected during far‐field long‐period ground motions. The methodology involves several key steps. First, the far‐field long‐period earthquake ground motion was identified by detecting the later‐arriving surface waves, and a series of records were selected from the next generation attenuation (NGA) West‐2 ground motion database of the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research center. Then, a high‐rise building in Shanghai, China was modeled using ETABS 20. Through the linear‐elastic time history analysis, the structural seismic response at each floor was computed. Furthermore, human perception thresholds to vibration were introduced to assess the degree of human perception at each floor, illustrating the difference of human perception to seismic tremor at different floors. Finally, a novel earthquake intensity measure (IM), namely average response spectrum intensity (ARSI) within the vibration period ranging from 0.1 s to 10 s was introduced to generate seismic fragility curves for human perception. According to the investigation, it was found that the corner frequency and the associated energy ratio are useful indicators to identify the far‐field long‐period earthquake ground motions. The ARSI is an effective parameter to assess human perception to seismic tremor compared to the spectral acceleration at a given fundamental period. The generated seismic fragility analysis can provide a complete and thorough understanding on the probability of people that should be evacuated under different earthquake intensity levels. The probability of human perception at different floors varies along the building height, demonstrating the difficulty to make crowd evacuation plan in practice. This insight is vital for understanding and mitigating seismic concerns in high‐rise buildings, particularly in low‐to‐moderate seismicity regions.
Organocatalytic Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Michael Addition of α‐Aryl Isocyanoacetates to Aurone‐Derived Azadienes
Authors: Laviós Adrián , Sanz‐Marco Amparo , Vila Carlos , Blay Gonzalo
Published: June 2024

A highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective organocatalytic Michael addition of α‐aryl isocyanoacetates to aurone‐derived azadienes under mild conditions has been developed. This efficient methodology enables access to chiral α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino ester derivatives with two adjacent stereocenters, one of them quaternary, bearing a benzofuran scaffold in their structure in high yields and stereocontrol. Furthermore, the reaction product can be readily converted into an α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino acid in high yield via hydrolysis of the isocyano group without compromising enantioselectivity.
Organocatalytic Activation of Unsymmetrical 2,3‐Diketones Towards Catalytic Asymmetric Domino Michael–Henry Reaction
Authors: Adam Włoszczak Łukasz , Górecki Marcin , Mlynarski Jacek
Published: June 2024

In this study, we explored a method to distinguish between both enolizable regions of unsymmetrical 2,3‐diketones in organocatalytic domino reactions involving nitroalkenes. The selective formation of an enamine from only one side of the molecule was made possible by the use of optically pure 2‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidine. This catalyst, remarkably enhancing the reaction, owes its efficacy to a unique interplay between basicity and nucleophilicity. These features caused the enolization of the substrate at the second possible site to be omitted. The approach resulted in excellent regio‐ diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity (91–99 % ee) across various nitroalkenes, leading to the synthesis of novel cyclopentanone derivatives with three contiguous stereogenic center.
Water exchange across the blood–brain barrier and epilepsy: Review on pathophysiology and neuroimaging
Authors: Abdennadher Myriam , Jacobellis Sara , Václavů Lena , Juttukonda Meher , Inati Sara , Goldstein Lee , van Osch Matthias J. P. , Rosen Bruce , Hua Ning , Theodore William
Published: June 2024

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a barrier protecting the brain and a milieu of continuous exchanges between blood and brain. There is emerging evidence that the BBB plays a major role in epileptogenesis and drug‐resistant epilepsy, through several mechanisms, such as water homeostasis dysregulation, overexpression of drug transporters, and inflammation. Studies have shown abnormal water homeostasis in epileptic tissue and altered aquaporin‐4 water channel expression in animal epilepsy models. This review focuses on abnormal water exchange in epilepsy and describes recent non‐invasive MRI methods of quantifying water exchange.

Plain Language Summary

Abnormal exchange between blood and brain contribute to seizures and epilepsy. The authors describe why correct water balance is necessary for healthy brain functioning and how it is impacted in epilepsy. This review also presents recent MRI methods to measure water exchange in human brain. These measures would improve our understanding of factors leading to seizures.
Thermoeconomic analysis of the IWERS system for steam heat recovery from bakery ovens
Authors: Ríos‐Fernández Juan Carlos
Published: June 2024

The integrated waste energy recovery system (IWERS) recovers heat from bakery ovens in supermarkets and other commercial facilities to heat domestic hot water, resulting in energy savings. This article presents a thermoeconomic analysis of the system's operation in a supermarket over the course of 1 year. The study shows that exergy destruction in IWERS is directly proportional to ambient temperature. During the hottest months of the year, IWERS experiences a 4% decrease in exergy performance, while the exergy unit cost of the product increases by up to 4.2%. Additionally, the steam condenser is responsible for the highest relative exergy destruction, reaching almost 45%. Moreover, the addition of equipment upstream of the process increases the exergy cost of production due to the destruction of exergy in the equipment. These results provide valuable information with important implications for energy efficiency, economic savings, and sustainability. Improving system efficiency would generate substantial benefits in energy savings, economic savings, and environmental impact for all commercial and industrial establishments that use bakery ovens.
Survey respondents' inflation forecasts and the COVID period
Authors: Clements Michael P.
Published: June 2024

How do professionals forecast in uncertain times, when the relationships between variables that held in the past may no longer be useful for forecasting the future? For inflation forecasting, we answer this question by measuring survey respondents' adherence to their pre‐COVID‐19 Phillips curve models during the pandemic. We also ask whether professionals ought to have put their trust in their Phillips curve models over the COVID‐19 period. We address these questions allowing for heterogeneity in respondents' forecasts and in their perceptions of the Phillips curve relationship.
In vitro digestion and culture in Caco‐2 cells to assess the bioavailability of fatty acids: A case study in meat matrix enriched with ω‐3 microcapsules
Authors: Solomando Juan Carlos , Antequera Teresa , Estaras Matías , González Antonio , Perez‐Palacios Trinidad
Published: June 2024

This work aimed to evaluate the Caco‐2 cells as a model to study the epithelial transport of intestinal lipid extracts subjected to in vitro digestion, to establish a standard protocol for the determination of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of fatty acids in meat matrix, especially in those enriched with ω‐3 (eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA)). Samples were first subjected to in vitro digestion, and then, the intestinal extract was incubated with Caco‐2 cells. A first trial was conducted to select the most influencing variables on the fatty acid transport during Caco‐2 cell incubation: fat quantity on the intestinal extract, incubation time, and shaking. Then, a second experiment was carried out to determine the influence of these variables, being the fat quantity and the incubation time the most influencing factors on the transport and bioavailability of fatty acids. The effect of shaking was not so marked but seemed to improve the bioavailability of saturated fatty acids. This study also allows establishing the most suitable conditions: intestinal extracts with 30 mg of fat, longer incubation times (8 h), and shaking, achieving active and passive fatty acid transport without compromising the integrity of the Caco‐2 cell monolayer. The accurate results obtained for major and minor fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA are remarkable, due to the interest in these bioactive compounds. Thus, this study provides a combined protocol based on static in vitro digestion followed by Caco‐2 cell incubation to assess the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of fatty acids in meat samples.
Detection of pathogenic bacteria in retailed shrimp from Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Murshida , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Paul Sulav Indra , Lively Julie Anderson
Published: June 2024

The presence of pathogenic bacteria is a problem that might be present in farmed shrimp due to exposure in the environment or post‐harvest handling. Retail farmed shrimp in Bangladesh (Penaeus monodon and Macrobrachium rosenbergii) were tested for common pathogenic bacteria namely Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, Vibrio spp., and E. coli. None of these bacteria were found and instead Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia fergusonii, Proteus penneri, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, and Aeromonas dhakensis were detected. Pathogenic bacteria found in Bangladeshi shrimp may be due to the farm environment, poor handling during harvest or post‐harvest, or unhygienic market conditions. The results indicate that retail shrimp from Bangladesh have food safety concerns. Proper laws and policies need to be enforced and implemented to ensure food safety related to fish and shrimp.
Rethinking counterfeit medical supply chains: A critical review of the current literature
Authors: Syed Iffath U. , Milburn Travis W.
Published: June 2024

The medical device and pharmaceutical industries include a range of drugs, machines, instruments, and apparatuses used to prevent, diagnose, treat disease and illness, or aid in rehabilitation for patients, and are expected to grow substantially in the coming years. However, they are often targets of criminal organizations who manufacture and profit from fraudulent products, infiltrating the market with counterfeit medical supply chains. In this paper, we discuss and analyze the extent and nature of this problem and make suggestions for mitigation and prevention of this worldwide challenge. Ultimately, we argue that a holistic approach is essential to addressing this problem, including the creation and dissemination of reliable and good quality data, developing healthcare systems to be more robust, establishing/enhancing intra‐ and international cooperation around this issue, and employing effective technological solutions, such as digital tracing.
Comparative analysis of viscous dissipation effects on Prandtl fluid including contraction and relaxation phenomena
Authors: Shaheen Aqila , Siddique Imran , Huma Zile , Ahsan Muhammad , Khalid Zainab
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the effects of magnetohydrodynamics and heat transfer on the peristaltic transport of Prandtl fluid in a vertical endoscopic tube. The reduction of the complexity of the equations governing the flow of Prandtl fluid entails the use of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations. These complex equations for the pressure gradient and velocity profile are handled analytically using the perturbation technique with convective boundary conditions, and the temperature and concentration profiles are carefully solved for the exact solution. The frictional forces and pressure rise are also simulated with numerical integration. The resulting formulas for velocity, temperature, concentration, pressure rise, and pressure gradient are graphed using the MATLAB and MATHMATICA software, and the effects of all the different physical parameters are investigated and assessed. The streamlines with five distinct wave types are sketched at the conclusion to show the phenomenon of trapping. It is investigated that the velocity profile rises due to buoyancy forces and falls due to the influence of magnetic forces.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of intact egg orientation and yolk positions on heat transfer and cold point location
Authors: Wantha Channarong
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the effects of egg orientation and yolk position during thermal processing using computational fluid dynamics simulation and experimentation. A carboxymethyl cellulose suspension was used to simulate the egg white, and a two‐dimensional model incorporated an air cell near the larger end. The simulation included four cases: two focused on vertical orientation with the yolk at the rear shell and the geometric center, and two on horizontal orientation with similar yolk positions. Repositioning the yolk in a horizontal orientation near the eggshell resulted in significant temperature variations. The findings show that a horizontal egg position, especially with the yolk near the eggshell, led to a significant 8%–16% reduction in heating times. This configuration also improved pasteurization efficiency, assessed by the F value, by about 13.8%. The study also revealed distinct flow patterns influenced by buoyancy forces, significantly related to temperature distribution inside the egg.
Expanding the Scope of Ribosome‐Mediated Biosynthesis in vitro using tRNA‐Aminoacylating Ribozyme
Authors: Cho Namjin , Jin Haneul , Jeon Hyewon , Lee Kanghun , Lee Joongoo
Published: June 2024

Proteins are synthesized within ribosomes through the polymerization of amino acids (AAs). This process requires prior activation of AAs through aminoacylation that attaches them to their corresponding transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Within cells, this attachment is facilitated by aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase, resulting in a tRNA:AA conjugate. A set of ribozymes developed to acylate tRNA with non‐canonical substrates enables this process outside the confines of living cells, thereby facilitating the synthesis of novel bio‐based products. In modern biotechnology, aminoacylating ribozymes contribute to the production of innovative bio‐based materials bearing functional non‐canonical chemical substrates (NCSs) and fill the gaps in synthesizing unique polymeric backbones, extending the scope beyond traditional peptide bonds. This review summarizes current understanding of flexizymes at the molecular level and their application in generating exceptional polymeric backbones through ribosome‐mediated synthesis in vitro.
Anionic Calixarenes in Biomembrane Transport of Peptides
Authors: Neumann Justin , Hennig Andreas
Published: June 2024

Biomembranes function as hydrophobic barriers for hydrophilic substances enabling compartmentalization in biological systems. This poses, however, a problem for the targeted introduction of cargo into cells. The result is a high demand for delivery pathways into cells with the goal to investigate biological processes or to treat diseases by improved delivery. Polycationic cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) are interesting as they can cross cell membranes and transport attached cargos directly into the cytosol. Their efficiency can be improved by anionic amphiphilic counterion activators, which bind to the CPPs to form charge‐neutralized counterion‐CPP complexes with sufficient hydrophobicity to cross the lipid bilayer membrane. This review summarizes recent results, which establish amphiphilic calixarenes as a new class of biocompatible and non‐cytotoxic counterion activators with very high transport activities at nanomolar concentrations. We also include a brief summary of fluorescence‐based assays with large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) to investigate counterion‐activated transport. Current methods use liposome‐encapsulated, supramolecular host‐dye reporter pairs including calixarenes, which provide new mechanistic insights and enable rapid in vitro identification of suitable activators. Taken together, amphiphilic calixarenes are currently emerging as prime candidates for counterion activation of membrane transport, which are highly modifiable and can be specifically tailored towards different cargoes and membrane types.
Treatment outcomes of obstetrical fistula surgical repair in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Zeleke Liknaw Bewket , Welsh Alec , Abeje Gedefaw , Khajehei Marjan
Published: June 2024

Background

Obstetrical fistula is an abnormal opening between the reproductive tract and lower urinary and/or gastrointestinal tract resulting from obstetrical complications, affecting nearly two million women worldwide. It imposes physical, economic, social, and mental consequences on the affected women. Treatment outcomes vary and, mostly, surgical treatment results in improved quality of life and successful subsequent pregnancy for survivors.

Objectives

The review aimed to chart and examine the treatment outcomes of obstetrical fistula surgical repair in low‐ and middle‐income countries.

Search Strategy

This is a scoping review study to identify treatment outcomes of obstetrical fistula surgical repair in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The search was conducted from databases (PUBMED, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science), and gray literature (Google Scholar, Google, and conference proceedings).

Selection Criteria

The eligibility criteria were constructed using a participant, concept, and context framework and included study types of primary research, reviews, and reports. Studies without full text and in languages other than English were excluded.

Data Collection and Analysis

The relevant characteristics of the included studies were extracted on an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed to chart treatment outcomes.

Main Findings

The review examined the full text of 57 studies on the treatment outcomes of obstetrical fistula. The findings were grouped into two themes: early and late outcomes. The early outcomes included incontinence, surgical‐site infection, urine retention, hemorrhage, and retained catheter. The late outcomes included fistula recurrence, residual incontinence, quality of life, reproductive issues, mental health, family and social support, and financial status.

Conclusion

The treatment outcomes of obstetrical fistula can be grouped into short‐term and long‐term outcomes. Although this review found adequate studies for the analysis, most study designs were poor. Stronger studies are recommended in the future to guide policy and decision‐making. We would like to suggest that researchers conduct systematic reviews and meta‐analyses independently for short‐term and long‐term outcomes.
Interpregnancy interval after vacuum delivery and subsequent perinatal outcomes
Authors: Bachar Gal , Farago Naama , Weissman Amir , Khatib Nizar , Ginsberg Yuval , Vitner Dana , Beloosesky Ron , Weiner Zeev , Zipori Yaniv
Published: June 2024

Objective

To evaluate whether a short interpregnancy interval (IPI) after vacuum extraction (VE), poses similar perinatal risks in a subsequent pregnancy.

Methods

This was a retrospective, single‐center cohort study between 2011 and 2021. Nulliparous women with term, singleton VE deliveries and with known pregnancy outcomes in their subsequent pregnancy were eligible for inclusion in the study. Each woman was allocated into one of two groups based on the IPI, <18 months and between 18 and 60 months. The primary outcome was the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) <37 weeks in the consecutive birth.

Results

We included 1094 pregnancies: 212 (19.4%) with IPI <18 months and 882 (80.6%) with IPI between 18 and 60 months following the previous VE delivery. The VE characteristics were comparable between the groups. Young maternal age was a risk factor for a short IPI (28.0 ± 4.8 vs 30.3 ± 4 years, P < 0.01). Spontaneous PTB <37 weeks was significantly higher in the IPI <18 months group with 18–60 months (7.1% vs 2.6%, P = 0.002). Polynomial regression analysis also confirmed a significantly increased risk of preterm birth <37 weeks (P < 0.01). Short IPI <18 months was also associated with an increase in the risk of low birthweight <2500 g (6.1% vs 2.8%, P = 0.02) and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (6.1% vs 2.6%, P = 0.013). The incidence of recurrent VE, albeit significant (2.3% vs 4.9%, P = 0.049), was low in both groups. No differences were noted in any of the other secondary outcomes.

Conclusion

Short IPI (<18 months) following term VE delivery is associated with higher neonatal risks, particularly PTB, in the subsequent pregnancy. These findings are particularly important when counseling women planning an optimal IPI.
Vesicovaginal fistula and bladder calculus formation secondary to long‐term retention of an intrauterine device
Authors: Goto Masahiro , Kaneko Tomoyuki , Yamamine Naoki , Yanagida Kazuki , Noda Michio , Tokura Yuumi , Yoshimura Itsuki , Kawai Taketo , Nakagawa Tohru
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Although uterine perforation is a rare but serious complication, intrauterine devices are globally popular and effective contraceptive methods.

Case presentation

A 76‐year‐old female patient manifesting symptoms of vaginal leakage and lower abdominal discomfort was admitted to our hospital. Diagnostic imaging identified a vesicovaginal fistula and bladder calculi attributable to perforation of the bladder by an intrauterine device that had been inserted over four decades ago. The patient underwent open surgery for cystolith removal and vesicovaginal fistula repair.

Conclusions

If a patient with an intrauterine device complains of bladder stones or ongoing lower urinary tract symptoms, bladder perforation caused by the device should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Accuracy evaluation of Roche Accu‐Chek Performa blood glucose meters at low glucose concentrations: A nine‐year retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Zhipeng , Li Runqing , Zhao Xiuying , Zhang Lina , Wang Tengjiao , Yang Song , Han Ning , Zhu Dong
Published: June 2024

Objective

To evaluate the accuracy of Roche Accu‐Chek Performa glucose meters at a low glucose concentration of <5.55 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) over a 9‐year period.

Methods

The accuracy of the Roche Accu‐Chek Performa glucose meters at low glucose concentrations was evaluated using annual comparison data for 9 consecutive years from 2015 to 2023, according to the acceptability criteria specified in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 15197:2013. Blood samples with low glucose concentrations of <5.55 mmol/L were prepared by incubation and glycolysis. The glucose concentration was detected using Roche Accu‐Chek Performa glucose meters and a biochemical analyzer in the central laboratory.

Results

A total of 2978 pairs of comparison results from 211 glucose meters at a low glucose concentration of <5.55 mmol/L were retrospectively analyzed from 2015 to 2023. The clinical use duration spanned from 1 to 9 years and 40.76% (86 out of 211 glucose meters) had been used for more than 2 years. The correlation coefficient r between glucose meter measurements and laboratory reference values was 0.98 (p < 0.001). The mean according to Roche Accu‐Chek Performa glucose meters was 0.05 mmol/L (0.9 mg/dL) higher than that of the biochemical analyzer (Z = −13.82, p < 0.0001). The results showed that 100.00% (211 out of 211) of the Roche Accu‐Chek Performa glucose meters met the acceptability criteria specified in ISO 15197:2013. At a low glucose concentration of <5.55 mmol/L, 99.90% (2975 out of 2978) of the comparative data pairs in the error distribution fell within the range of ±0.83 mmol/L (15 mg/dL). Parkes consensus error grid analysis showed that 100.00% (2978 out of 2978) of comparative data pairs fell within region A.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that Roche Accu‐Chek Performa glucose meters successfully met the accuracy standards of ISO 15197:2013 for measuring blood glucose within the hypoglycemic range. Greater attention should be given to the performance of blood glucose monitoring systems in the low glycemic range, especially for patients with diabetes who are prone to hypoglycemia and require precise measurements.
Centering and counselor empathy: Examining the moderating effects of nondual awareness
Authors: Gutierrez Daniel , Dorais Stephanie , Niles Jennifer
Published: June 2024

Centering is a contemplative practice derived from centering prayer. In the context of counseling, our study explores centering as an intervention to enhance counselors’ empathy. Additionally, we investigate the moderating influence of nonduality, particularly bliss, on the changes in empathy over time. Through a randomized controlled trial involving counseling graduate students across the United States, we measured empathy and nonduality. Following a 4‐week centering meditation treatment, the initial growth curve model revealed a statistically significant and sustained increase in empathy (p < 0.001). The second model underscored the significance of the three‐way interaction between group, time, and nondual bliss, indicating a time‐varying moderating effect on empathy. This research has practical implications for counseling and counselor training, endorsing centering meditation as a valuable tool for grounding counselors pre‐ and post‐sessions and providing avenues for future exploration and application.
In Silico Prediction of Potential Inhibitors for Targeting RNA CAG Repeats via Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation: A Drug Discovery Approach
Authors: Singh Surbhi , Singh Suchitra , Joshi Deepika , Mohanty Chhandamayee , Singh Royana
Published: June 2024

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a rare neurological illness inherited dominantly that causes severe impairment and premature mortality. While each rare disease may affect individuals infrequently, collectively they pose a significant healthcare challenge. It is mainly carried out due to the expansion of RNA triplet (CAG) repeats, although missense or point mutations can also be induced. Unfortunately, there is no cure; only symptomatic treatments are available. To date, SCA has about 48 subtypes, the most common of these being SCA 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 12, and 17 having CAG repeats. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, this study seeks to investigate effective natural herbal neuroprotective compounds against CAG repeats, which are therapeutically significant in treating SCA. Initially, virtual screening followed by molecular docking was used to estimate the binding affinity of neuroprotective natural compounds toward CAG repeats. The compound with the highest binding affinity, somniferine, was then chosen for MD simulation. The structural stability, interaction mechanism, and conformational dynamics of CAG repeats and somniferine were investigated via MD simulation. The MD study revealed that during the simulation period, the interaction between CAG repeats and somniferine stabilizes and results in fewer conformational variations. This in silico study suggests that Somniferine can be used as a therapeutic medication against RNA CAG repeats in SCA.
Exosomes From Muscle‐Derived Stem Cells Repair Peripheral Nerve Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via the Keap1‐Nrf2‐Ho‐1 Axis
Authors: Liu Ziwen , Zeng Xiangyu , Bian Wei , Li Haoze , Tegeleqi Bu , Gao Zewei , Liu Jianyu
Published: June 2024

Currently, the clinical outcomes of peripheral nerve injuries are suboptimal, highlighting the urgent need to understand the mechanisms of nerve injury to enhance treatment strategies. Muscle‐derived stem cells (MDSCs) are a diverse group of multipotent cells that hold promise for peripheral nerve regeneration due to their strong antioxidant and regenerative properties. Our research has revealed that severe ferroptosis occurs in the sciatic nerve and ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion following sciatic nerve injury. Interestingly, we have observed that MDSC‐derived exosomes effectively suppress cell ferroptosis and enhance cell viability in Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion cells. Treatment with exosomes led to increased expression of BDNF and P62 in Schwann cells, decreased expression of Keap1, Nrf2, and HO‐1 in Schwann cells, and upregulated dorsal root ganglion cells. Rats treated with exosomes exhibited improvements in sciatic nerve function, sensitivity to stimuli, and reduced muscle atrophy, indicating a positive impact on post‐injury recovery. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the occurrence of ferroptosis in the sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglion post‐injury, with MDSC exosomes offering a potential therapeutic strategy by inhibiting ferroptosis, activating the Keap1‐Nrf2‐HO‐1 pathway, and optimizing the post‐injury repair environment.
Mutual incidence matrix of two balanced incomplete block designs
Authors: Shramchenko Alexander , Shramchenko Vasilisa
Published: June 2024

We propose to consider a mutual incidence matrix of two balanced incomplete block designs built on the same finite set. In the simplest case, this matrix reduces to the standard incidence matrix of one block design. We find all eigenvalues of the matrices and and their eigenspaces.
Revealing tick diversity: Chemical profiling and dynamics in scanning microscopy and molecular phylogenetics
Authors: Malik Ayesha , Afshan Kiran , Okla Mohammad K. , Saleh Ibrahim A. , Razzaq Abdul , Hussain Munib , Firasat Sabika , Lika Erinda , Fuentes Màrius Vicent
Published: June 2024

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the evolutionary trajectories of Rhipicephalus ticks (Ixodidae) through the interpretation of molecular phylogenetics, elucidating their chromatographic spectrum. The use of advanced chromatographic tools in this study explored the dynamics chemical profiling, providing valuable insights into the evolutionary history and ecological adaptations. Prevalence of Rhipicephalus ticks was 4.5% in sheep and 3.9% in goats. The ITS2 sequence of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus (OK642408) and Rhipicephalus microplus (OK642409) form a distinct clade with sequences from other countries. The 16S rRNA sequences of R. sanguineus (OK560870) clustered with sequences form three lineages, tropical, temperate, and south‐eastern. The Cox I gene‐identified Rhipicephalus turanicus (OK623472) and R. microplus (OK623463) form separate clades with sequences. The HPLC chromatogram of tick samples reveals a diverse array of identified hydrocarbons, explained the complex chemical composition of their exoskeletons. This analytical approach provides valuable insights into the specific hydrocarbon profiles, allowing for potential applications in species differentiation, ecological studies, and a deeper understanding of the functional roles played by hydrocarbon compounds in tick physiology. The findings revealed the potential of applying molecular phylogenetics tools with chromatography not only to enhance our understanding of tick evolution but also to inform strategies for disease control and management in regions where Rhipicephalus ticks (Ixodidae) are endemic.

Research Highlights

Chemical mapping utilizing advanced chromatographic techniques.

Scanning microscopic insights high‐resolution scanning tool to observe structural and morphological features of ticks at a molecular level.

Molecular phylogeny data elucidate the evolutionary relationships among tick species.
The use of antimicrobial dressings for the management of diabetic foot ulcers: A survey of podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Ma Skye , Frecklington Mike , Stewart Sarah
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are commonly contaminated with pathogenic organisms and precede most diabetes‐related amputations. Antimicrobial dressings are used in the treatment of DFUs; however, recent guidelines do not support their use. There are no data describing the experience of antimicrobial dressing use among podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ). This study aimed to (i) determine which antimicrobial dressings podiatrists in AoNZ use for the management of diabetic foot ulcers; and (ii) determine what factors influence AoNZ podiatrists' use of antimicrobial dressing when managing DFUs.

Methods

An anonymous cross‐sectional web‐based survey was undertaken. Participants were AoNZ registered podiatrists who managed DFUs in their practice. The survey included questions relating to personal and professional demographic characteristics and DFU management and dressing practices. Descriptive statistics were computed to address the research aims.

Results

Responses from 43 AoNZ podiatrists were included. Participants reported both cadexomer iodine and silver dressings were the most common antimicrobial dressings used, with honey dressings being the least frequently used. The most influential factors in choosing antimicrobial dressings when managing DFUs were the presence of current infection, ulcer exudate and ability to prevent future infection. The least influential factors in choosing antimicrobial dressings when managing DFUs were patient preferences, cost of dressings and comfort of dressing/pain on removal.

Conclusions

AoNZ podiatrists managing DFUs primarily use antimicrobial dressings containing cadexomer iodine or silver as active ingredients, while lower‐cost options, such as honey and povidone iodine are less often used. Current recommendations highlight the lack of evidence to support positive outcomes from any particular antimicrobial dressing over another and advocate that exudate control, comfort and cost be prioritised in decision‐making. As cost has been an increasing burden to our healthcare funding, clinicians and organisations may consider this before purchasing and stocking expensive dressings.
Sequential treatment with valemetostat and conventional anti‐cancer drugs for refractory aggressive adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma: A case report
Authors: Obama Kosuke , Yamamoto Hana , Inoue Hirosaka
Published: June 2024

A 79‐year‐old man presented with respiratory distress associated with a mediastinal mass and pleural effusion, and was diagnosed as having adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma. The patient was highly refractory to anticancer drugs and radiotherapy from the time of onset and had progressive respiratory deterioration. However, his condition became stable with the administration of valemetostat for 11 days, and subsequent low‐dose‐anticancer agents led to a rapid improvement accompanied by high fever and a surge in C‐reactive protein. In this case, the in vivo priming effect of valemetostat on tumor cells may have increased the sensitivity of these cells to conventional anti‐cancer drugs.
Effective treatment of refractory monoclonal gammopathy‐associated pure red cell aplasia with isatuximab, pomalidomide and dexamethasone
Authors: Michel Christian Sebastian , Fehr Eva Marie , Nolte Hildegard , Beck Joachim , Kreft Andreas , Rauschkolb‐Olk Katharina Theresa , Jacobi Bjoern , Theobald Matthias , Munder Markus
Published: June 2024

Monoclonal gammopathy‐associated pure red cell aplasia (MG‐PRCA) is characterized by the absence or pronounced hypoplasia of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow, causing reticulocytopenia and a normocytic, normochromic anaemia in a patient with a monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia. We report here on the successful treatment of MG‐PRCA with isatuximab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone after multiple lines of immunosuppressive and anti‐plasma cell‐directed treatments.
Advances in human papillomavirus detection and molecular understanding in head and neck cancers: Implications for clinical management
Authors: Tran Ngoc Ha , Sais Dayna , Tran Nham
Published: June 2024

Head and neck cancers (HNCs), primarily head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), are associated with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), notably HPV16 and HPV18. HPV status guides treatment and predicts outcomes, with distinct molecular pathways in HPV‐driven HNSCC influencing survival rates. HNC incidence is rising globally, with regional variations reflecting diverse risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, and HPV infection. Oropharyngeal cancers attributed to HPV have significantly increased, particularly in regions like the United States. The HPV16 genome, characterized by oncoproteins E6 and E7, disrupts crucial cell cycle regulators, including tumor protein p53 (TP53) and retinoblastoma (Rb), contributing to HNSCC pathogenesis. P16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a reliable surrogate marker for HPV16 positivity, while in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, notably reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR), offer sensitive HPV detection. Liquid‐based RT‐qPCR, especially in saliva, shows promise for noninvasive HPV detection, offering simplicity, cost‐effectiveness, and patient compliance. These molecular advancements enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide treatment decisions, and improve patient outcomes in HNC management. In conclusion, advances in HPV detection and molecular understanding have significant clinical management implications. Integrating these advancements into routine practice could ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Resurgence of seasonal influenza driven by A/H3N2 and B/Victoria in succession during the 2023–2024 season in Beijing showing increased population susceptibility
Authors: Zhu Wentao , Gu Li
Published: June 2024

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, non‐pharmaceutical interventions were introduced to reduce exposure to respiratory viruses. However, these measures may have led to an “immunity debt” that could make the population more vulnerable. The goal of this study was to examine the transmission dynamics of seasonal influenza in the years 2023–2024. Respiratory samples from patients with influenza‐like illness were collected and tested for influenza A and B viruses. The electronic medical records of index cases from October 2023 to March 2024 were analyzed to determine their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. A total of 48984 positive cases were detected, with a pooled prevalence of 46.9% (95% CI 46.3–47.5). This season saw bimodal peaks of influenza activity, with influenza A peaked in week 48, 2023, and influenza B peaked in week 1, 2024. The pooled positive rates were 28.6% (95% CI 55.4–59.6) and 18.3% (95% CI 18.0–18.7) for influenza A and B viruses, respectively. The median values of instantaneous reproduction number were 5.5 (IQR 3.0–6.7) and 4.6 (IQR 2.4–5.5), respectively. The hospitalization rate for influenza A virus (2.2%, 95% CI 2.0–2.5) was significantly higher than that of influenza B virus (1.1%, 95% CI 0.9–1.4). Among the 17 clinical symptoms studied, odds ratios of 15 symptoms were below 1 when comparing influenza A and B positive inpatients, with headache, weakness, and myalgia showing significant differences. This study provides an overview of influenza dynamics and clinical symptoms, highlighting the importance for individuals to receive an annual influenza vaccine.
Automated quantitative assessment of bone contusions and overlying articular cartilage following anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Champagne Allen A. , Zuleger Taylor M. , Warren Shayla M. , Smith Daniel R. , Lamplot Joseph D. , Xerogeanes John W. , Slutsky‐Ganesh Alexis B. , Jayaram Prathap , Patel Jay M. , Myer Gregory D. , Diekfuss Jed A.
Published: June 2024

Quantitative methods to characterize bone contusions and associated cartilage injury remain limited. We combined standardized voxelwise normalization and 3D mapping to automate bone contusion segmentation post‐anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and evaluate anomalies in articular cartilage overlying bone contusions. Forty‐five patients (54% female, 26.4 ± 11.8 days post‐injury) with an ACL tear underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging of their involved and uninvolved knees. A novel method for voxelwise normalization and 3D anatomical mapping was used to automate segmentation, labeling, and localization of bone contusions in the involved knee. The same mapping system was used to identify the associated articular cartilage overlying bone lesions. Mean regional T1ρ was extracted from articular cartilage regions in both the involved and uninvolved knees for quantitative paired analysis against ipsilateral cartilage within the same compartment outside of the localized bone contusion. At least one bone contusion lesion was detected in the involved knee within the femur and/or tibia following ACL injury in 42 participants. Elevated T1ρ (p = 0.033) signal were documented within the articular cartilage overlying the bone contusions resulting from ACL injury. In contrast, the same cartilaginous regions deprojected onto the uninvolved knees showed no ipsilateral differences (p = 0.795). Automated bone contusion segmentation using standardized voxelwise normalization and 3D mapping deprojection identified altered cartilage overlying bone contusions in the setting of knee ACL injury.