bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and awareness of breast cancer risk factors and screening methods amongst undergraduate pharmacy students of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Saulawa H.T. , Auwal F.I. , Danjuma N.M.
Published: July 2022

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Breast cancer screening modalities help in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.Objective: This study aimed at assessing knowledge and awareness of breast cancer risk factors and screening methods amongst undergraduate pharmacy students of Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Zaria, Nigeria.Methods: The study was carried out on 235 conveniently sampled fourth- and fifth-year undergraduate pharmacy students. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire that assessed the students’ knowledge and awareness of breast cancer risk factors, breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography. Each correct response was scored one (1) point and each wrong response was scored zero (0). Respondents with scores 0–2 were considered to have poor knowledge, those with 3-5 points had fair knowledge while those with 6-8 points had good knowledge. SPSS was used to analyze the data, knowledge was described by frequencies and percentages while chi-square test was used to compare responses between 400 and 500 level students, p<0.05 was considered significant in all the analyses.Results: Of the 228 students that participated in the study, 69 (30.3%) were fourth year students while the remaining 159 (69.7%) were fifth year students. Mean age of the participants was 24±3.14. Majority were males 139 (61%) and single 210 (92.1%). Knowledge and awareness scores were; good 24 (10.5%), fair 137 (60.1%), poor 67 (29.4%) for breast cancer risk factors, good 96 (42.1%), fair 90 (39.5%), poor 42 (18.4%) for BSE, good 16 (7%), fair 144 (63.2%), poor 68 (29.8%) for CBE and good 5 (2.2%), fair 165 (72.4%), poor 58 (25.4%) for mammography respectively. When the scores were compared between the levels, a significant difference was obtained (p< 0.0001) for knowledge and awareness of BSE.Conclusion: The study revealed a fair level of knowledge and awareness of breast cancer risk factors and screening methods amongst undergraduate pharmacy students of ABU Zaria.
C-reactive protein Lymphocyte Ratio in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: KOÇ İbrahim , GULLU Yusuf Taha
Published: July 2022

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is still a severe problem in underdeveloped and developing countries. Diagnostic tests are unavailable in every health institution, and TB culture can take up to 45 days. Therefore, there is a need for cheaper, faster, and easily accessible diagnostic methods that can guide the diagnosis. This study aimed to determine whether red blood cell distribution width (RDW), C-reactive protein (CRP)-lymphocyte ratio (CLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) can be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in patients with no comorbidities.

Material and Methods: Files of microbiologically confirmed 122 patients with pulmonary TB and 153 patients in whom pulmonary TB was excluded were retrospectively reviewed. Out of them, patients with comorbidities were excluded from the study. Eighty-one patients with TB and 100 controls were included in the study.

Results: The lymphocyte, eosinophil, and LMR levels remained significantly lower in the TB group, while neutrophil, monocyte, RDW, platelet, and PLR levels were higher in the same group.

Conclusion: In those patients suspicious of pulmonary TB, higher levels of RDW, PLR, and CLR, whereas lower levels of eosinophil, PDW, and LMR may predict the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in previously healthy individuals.
HIV-Associated Opportunistic Pneumonia Case Mimicking Covid-19 Pneumonia
Authors: ÇELİKÇİ Sedat , YİLMAZ Emel
Published: July 2022

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a rare opportunistic infection in the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Also, COVID-19 has been named a pandemic since the beginning of 2020. During this period, physicians were exposed to many COVID-19 cases, and it was challenged to consider different diagnoses in patients who applied to the emergency room with lung complaints and bilateral pneumonia. Here we reported a 30-year-old man diagnosed with HIV- associated opportunistic CMV pneumonia mimicking COVID-19. The diagnosis of CMV pneumonia was obtained through consistent clinical, radiological, microbiological and cytologic examinations. The patient made a complete clinical recovery after being initialized on anti-CMV treatment.
The Effects of Short Films About Mental Health and Diseases Shot by Nursing Students on Their Attitudes Towards Psychiatric Patients
Authors: DURGU Nihan , NEHİR Sevgi , AYDEMİR Ömer
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of short films about mental health and diseases shot by nursing students on their attitudes towards psychiatric patients.

Material and Method: The population of the semi-experimental research in pre-test and post-test design consisted of 196 nursing students. The sample selection method was not used, and the research was completed with a total of 126 nursing students who were at school on the date the data was collected and volunteered to participate in the research. This number is the sample of the research at the same time. Information Form and Attitudes Towards Mentally Ills Scale was used. The number, percentage distribution, and paired samples were evaluated by using a t-test.

Results: There were eleven short films made in the first academic semester and nine short films made in the second academic semester. Most of the films were about mental disorders related to psychopathology. The pre-test mean score of the Attitudes Towards Mentally Ills Scale was 64.50±13.77, and the post-test score of the scale was 72.50±14.72. The difference between the pre-test and post-test scale scores of the students was found to be significant.

Conclusion: This study concluded that short films about mental health disorders made by students have a positive effect on nursing students’ attitudes towards psychiatric patients.
Policy Recommendations ebook. Migrations, Gender and Inclusion from an International Perspective
Authors: Terrón-Caro María Teresa , Cárdenas-Rodríguez Rocío , Ortega-de-Mora Fabiola , Aleksic Kassia , Bergano Sofía , Biligha Patience , Chiappelli Tiziana , Di Grigoli Antonio Raimondo , Díaz Jiménez Rosa M. , Fouskas Theodoros , Frelih Mojca , Girón Teresa , Guo Wenjing , Koulierakis George , Lapov Zoran , Lyberopoulou Lola , Mancaniello Maria Rita , Martins Cristina , Moreira Benilde , Rebolledo-Gámez Teresa , Rodrigues Maria José , Rodríguez Casado María del Rocío , Selim Monique
Published: July 2022

This publication is the third product of the Erasmus + Project entitled Voices of Immigrant Women (Project Number: 2020-1-ES01-KA203-082364). This product is based on a set of policy recommendations that provides practical guidance on intervention proposals to those with political responsibilities in governance on migration management and policies for integration and social inclusion, as well as to policy makers in the governance of training in Higher Education (University) at all levels. This is intended to promote the development of practical strategies that allow overcoming the obstacles encountered by migrant women during the integration process, favoring the construction of institutions, administrations and, ultimately, more inclusive societies. The content presented in this book proposes recommendations and intervention proposals oriented to practice to: - Improve Higher Education study plans by promoting the training of students as future active protagonists who are aware of social interventions. This will promote equity, diversity and the integration of migrant women. - Strengthen cooperation and creation of networks between academic organizations, the third sector and public administrations that are responsible for promoting the integration and inclusion of migrant women. - Promote dialogue and the exchange of knowledge to, firstly, raise awareness of human mobility and gender in Europe and, secondly, promote the participation and social, labor and civic integration of the migrant population. All this is developed through 4 areas in which this book is articulated. The first area entitled "Migrant women needs and successful integration interventions"; the second area entitled "Promoting University students awareness and civic and social responsibility towards migrant women integration"; the third area entitled "Cooperation between Higher Education institutions and third sector"; the fourth and last area, entitled "Inclusive Higher Education".
ENERGETSKI UGROŽENI KUPAC
Authors:   University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Pavlović Zoran , Dakić Milan
Published: July 2022

This paper is primarily focused onto the legal framework analysis in the Republic of Serbia, as well as the measures undertaken in order to ensure the protection of the electric-energy vulnerable customers. The acceptance of the protective mechanisms’ relocation from the competitive environment – necessitated by the free market circulation of this energy resource – has initiated their implementation within the social protection system, given the crucial importance of electricity in fulfilling some of the basic needs in the standard of living. Although duly recognized as an adequate protective environment to this consumer category, social protection faces the usual problems (lack of resources and the sustainability issues), as well as the new challenges in regard to the energy poverty and its relation to the established definitions of social vulnerability. The rules that manage contractual relations between consumers and energy providers cannot be eliminated by delegating the concerns about a sufficient energy provision to the certain consumer categories. The domestic energy is being regulated through a rigid legal framework where the public provider guarantees service under de facto preferential conditions that often result in consumer rights’ violations; therefore, the legal system is being additionally challenged in its efforts to ensure a thorough protection to the energy- vulnerable customers.
ODGOVORNOST TREĆIH LICA ZA KRŠENjE KARTELNE ZABRANE U PRAVU KONKURENCIJE EVROPSKE UNIJE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Šokinjov Stefan
Published: July 2022

Since decision in Italian cast glass case of 17th December 1980 European Commission considers independent service providers liable for facilitation of cartel implementation. Such legal stance of European Commission was confirmed by the judgment of Court of European Union brought in Heat stabilizers case (C-194/14 P so called Treuhand II). This way the scope of cartel prohibition is noticeable extended. Striving to penalize and to prevent creation of new forms of collusion with assistance of undertakings which are not active on the markets concerned by the restriction of competition the Court extensively interpreted elements of cartel prohibition conception especially the notions of undertaking, agreement between undertakings and distortion of competition by object and concluded that nothing in the Article 81(1) EC (now Art. 101(1) of TFEU) limits the scope of cartel prohibition to “(i) the undertakings operating on the market affected by the restrictions of competition or indeed the markets upstream or downstream of that market or neighbouring markets or (ii) undertakings which restrict their freedom of action on a particular market under an agreement or as a result of a concerted practice” (rec. 34). Providing that an agreement between undertakings is the expression of the concurrence of wills of at least two parties, the form in which the concurrence is expressed not being by itself decisive (rec. 28), it follows that scope of cartel prohibition embraces “all agreements and concerted practices which, in either horizontal or vertical relationships, distort competition on the common market, irrespective of the market on which parties operate, and that only the commercial conduct of one of the parties need be affected by the terms of arrangements in question” (rec. 35). Whereas the liability of independent third person is not explicitly prescribed, such judiciary interpretation can be challenged from several reasons. First, it is generally accepted that (Community) legislation, in particular where there is а possibility of imposition of penalties must be clear and precise. With regard to opponent opinions given by Advocate General Wahl and scholars as well, independent service providers’ responsibility for facilitation of cartel implementation is obviously not laid down clearly and precisely. The second objection concerns the accessorial nature of a service agreement to a cartel agreement. Liability of independent service providers should not be dependent on market behavior of cartel participants. It must be regulated as an autonomous infringement. And third, activity of cartel facilitators cannot cause circumvention of the Anti-trust law. Complication of cartel detectability yes but circumvention of Anti-trust law no because the prohibition of the basic anti-trust conduct remains untouched.
POSEBNA ZAŠTITA KORISNIKA FINANSIJSKIH USLUGA KOD UGOVARANjA NA DALjINU
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Law, Radović Mirjana
Published: July 2022

In this paper the author analyzes the new legal regime regarding the distance marketing of financial services, that was introduced into Serbian law by the Law on Protection of Financial Service Users in Case of Distance Marketing from 2018. Bearing in mind that this law was enacted under the direct influence of the Directive 2002/65/EC concerning the distance marketing of consumer financial services, the first part of the paper presents the development of regulation in this field at the EU level and in Serbia. The second part of the paper deals with determining the scope of new rules, through defining the meaning of financial services and distance contracts. Thereafter, the author explains what types of financial service users are specifically protected in case of distance marketing. The following part of the paper examines specific rights of financial service users in case of distance marketing, and in particular: the information right, the right of withdrawal and the right to cancel the contract. Finally, the last part of the paper explores the user’s position in a civil litigation procedure against the financial service provider, and regulatory response to this problem, which specifically regulates the burden of proof in such cases.
Türk Şiirinde Bir Derkenar: Recep Küpçü ve Şiirlerinin Tematik Tahlili
Authors: YAVUZ Yasin
Published: July 2022

Türk edebiyatının Bulgaristan’daki temsilcilerinden olan Recep Küpçü, çok bilinme-mekle birlikte oldukça önemli bir isimdir. Şairin; Ötesi Var ve Ötesi Düş Değil adlı iki kitabı dört yıl arayla yayımlanmıştır. Bu eserlerine dâhil olmayan birkaç şiirle birlikte Küpçü’nün bugün elimizdeki şiirlerinin çok hacimli olduğunu söylemek güçtür. Fakat eldeki şiirler şairin poetikasını çıkartmak için yeterli sayılabilir. Bu çalışma onun şiirle-rindeki temaların tahlil ve tasnifinin yapılması için yapılmıştır. Bilindiği üzere bir şiirde tema ve yapı birbiriyle ilişkilidir. Tema, yapıyla birlikte var olur ve bu nedenle de tema-tik tahliller önem arz eder. Kaldı ki Küpçü gibi pek bilinmeyen, göz ardı edilen bir şairin şiirleri için bu çözümlemenin yapılması daha da önemlidir. Bu çalışmada amaç, Küpçü’ nün şiirlerinde nasıl bir anlam evreni kurduğunu ortaya koymak ve onun sanatı-nın bileşenlerini açığa çıkartmaktır. Yapılan incelemede de şairin hem bireysel hem top-lumsal temalar kullandığı görülmüştür. Bireysel temalar arasında aşk, doğa, özlem, umut, karamsarlık ve dostluk gibi kavramlar yer alırken toplumsal temalar arasında bağımsızlık, rejim baskısı ve anavatan duygusu gibi kavramlar bulunur. Şair, sanatsal kaygılarını öncelediği şiirlerinde hayli romantik bir üsluba bürünür. Bu şiirlerinde doğayı ve aşkı yüceltir. Fakat toplumsal içerikli şiirlerinde oldukça gerçekçi bir sosyal atmosfer yaratır ve egemen ideolojinin baskılarını, sansürü ve bütün bir halkın makûs talihini yazar.
The Study of Working Engagement and Working Environment towards Job Happiness in the Malaysian Hotel Industry
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Lahap Johanudin
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a study on work engagement and working environment towards job happiness among 3 to 5 stars hotel employees in Penang. The main purpose of the study is to broaden and deepen the understanding of job happiness among hotel employees especially within the hospitality industry in Malaysia. Working engagement can be defined as when an employee feels strongly engaged with the organization due to several reasons. The work place, surrounding, company system, policies, structure and procedure is called working environment. Job happiness is an essential aspect to any organization, because it impacting employee job performance, job satisfaction and job productivity. In this research stratified sampling was employ and of total number of 370 questionnaires were distributed via online, as a result 280 usable questionnaires were successfully gathered with the return rate of 75.6 percent. The raw data were analysed by using linear regressions. To conclude, it can be proposed that this research will benefit the practitioner, academician and researcher for the purpose of daily operation and future research. In conclusion, this study further confirmed that working engagement, working environment and job happiness was proven to have a strong relationship.
Proposed A Loyalty Program 3.0. Case Study: Morinaga Rewards Club
Authors:   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung, Napilih Abdi Praja Pratama
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is predicted to become the fourth largest country by world GDP in 2050 by PWC. Human resources on the skills of Indonesian workers are essential factors. Individual workers must be in good health and not lacking in nutrients to achieve optimal productivity. Nutritional intake should start early or in the first thousand days of life. Unfortunately, the rate of stunting or malnutrition in children under five in Indonesia is still above the WHO standard average. The government has made several efforts, including prioritizing breastfeeding for children under one year of age. Baby milk nutrition companies such as Kalbe Nutritional, through the Morinaga brand, support government regulations and participate in nutrition education for babies under five years old. Through the Morinaga Rewards Club loyalty program on a digital application-based platform, Morinaga focuses on the target market of millennial mothers to provide nutrition education and child development. In order to provide a good user experience, the consumer journey at Morinaga is divided into acquisition, activation, and retention. The system integration approach with retail partners and retention modeling Loyalty 3.0 will be applied to increase the number of active users and consumer retention using the Morinaga Rewards Club application.
Pyogenic Liver Abscess
Authors:   Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr Juan I Menchaca, Departamento de cirugía, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, Orozco Cesar Alberto Ortiz
Published: July 2022

They predominate between the fifth and sixth decade of life, due to the higher incidence of neoplasms and complex biliary diseases, with higher incidence in countries with temperate climate. Most are secondary to biliary or gastrointestinal tract infection. It is often preceded by symptoms that vary from days to two to three weeks, with fever in 90% of patients, followed by hepatomegaly, attack of the general condition, weight loss, anorexia and vomiting and finally hepatodynia. Mortality rates vary in various series from 5 to 10% in North America and Europe to 3 to 30% worldwide. The difference probably lies in the pathology responsible for the condition. Mortality has been shown to be higher in older patients with multiple comorbidities, including cirrhosis, renal failure, sepsis and cancer. Patients treated with aspiration or percutaneous drainage have half the mortality of those treated with antibiotic therapy alone.
Proper Rac1 Required for Ang2 - AT2 Activities for Cardiomyocytes and ECs Where Tyr TAT and TAC Kinases Required for Preventing Glycoprotein Storage and Glycogen Accumulation
Authors:   Biomedical Molecular Studies, Toronto Canada and Cairo Egypt, El Tantawi Ashraf Marzouk
Published: July 2022

Active Rac1 are so imp for improving cytoskeletal systems and necessary for activating IFN-beta & Plcγ2 (which are necessary for regulating TXA2 Synthesis), and are playing imp role for activating CMs and endothelial cells through Ang1 synthesis (mediated by Gp GTP subunits synthesis) then followed by tyrosine kinases function (contain TAT and TAC codons) for Ang2-AT2 productions for adjusting heart contractions and preventing collagen, glycoproteins, and cholesterol accumulations. Angiotensin II type 2 receptors (AT2 receptors) play a modulatory role in blood pressure regulation but produced from Ang1-AT1 by ACE regulated functions , where Tyr codons are playing imp roles in AT1 and AT2 activities and can play so important roles in protecting heart and blood vessels from accumulated cholesterol and glycopeptides and from accumulated glycogen. AT1 receptors promotes the adjustment of various intracellular signaling pathways through Ang2-AT2 production resulting in hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and recovering the cellular damage.
Atypical Case of Hookworm Infestation in Chronic Anaemic Patient in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India, Banerjee Gopa
Published: July 2022

The hookworm infection is the leading neglected tropical disease among the 20 diseases listed by WHO. Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus are two principal species of hookworm known to infect humans. A. duodenale is a soil transmitted helminths which enters through skin penetration in humans. Its infection lead to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), tiredness, etc. Case presented with chief complaint of breathlessness and anaemia. Investigations were done where on endoscopy few worm like structure was found in duodenum which on microscopy was confirmed as Ancylostoma duodenale. Followup and complete treatment was done. Hookworm infection is still an important issue for community health. Education programs on health and early intervention can help to tackle future complications.
Improving resilience: a longitudinal analysis of land-use policy and planning for earthquakes in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2000–16
Authors: Sullivan-Taylor Bridgette , Gunnell Sarah , Becker Julia
Published: July 2022

Given New Zealand’s susceptibility to a range of natural hazards, reducing exposure is an important step towards strengthening community resilience and reducing potential social, environmental and economic consequences. Land-use planning has long been recognised as a contributor to achieving this goal. Focusing on earthquake hazards, this paper examines the evolution of risk reduction measures in local government land-use planning documents for 3 earthquake-prone regions of New Zealand in 2000 and again in 2016. While some progress has been made in planning for earthquake hazards, overall the planning documents in these regions remain inadequate. As such, resilience from a land-use planning perspective has not significantly improved. This is surprising in the context of major seismic events in New Zealand over the last decade that have caused considerable damage and loss of life. Future anticipated changes to the planning systems in the country provide opportunities for improvements to be included in documentation.
Instruments for disaster preparedness evaluation: a scoping review
Authors: Lorenzoni Nina , Kainrath Stephanie , Unterholzner Maria , Stummer Harald
Published: July 2022

Measuring disaster preparedness has been a challenge as there is no consensus on a standardised approach to evaluation. This lack of clear definitions and performance metrics makes it difficult to determine whether past investments in preparedness have made sense or to see what is missing. This scoping review presents publications addressing the evaluation of disaster preparedness at the governmental level. A literature search was performed to identify relevant journal articles from 5 major scientific databases (Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Business Source Premier and SocINDEX). Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed. The review considered the multi-disciplinarily of disaster management and offers a broad overview of the concepts for preparedness evaluation offered in the literature. The results reveal a focus on all-hazards approach as well as local authority level in preparedness evaluation. Variation in the types of instruments used to measure preparedness and the diversity of questions and topics covered in the publications suggest little consensus on what constitutes preparedness and how it should be measured. Many assessment instruments seem to lack use in the field, which limits feedback on them from experts and practitioners. In addition, tools that are easy to use and ready for use by practitioners seem scarce.
PPRR and AIIMS: a whole-of-government strategy in NSW
Authors: Holley Allan , McArthur Tony
Published: July 2022

This paper explores the relationship between the common Prevent/Mitigate, Prepare, Respond, Recover (PPRR) framework and the Australasian Inter-service Incident Management System (AIIMS) in NSW. The bushfire experience in Australia during 2019–20 revealed the limitations of existing approaches to 3 of the 4 PPRR phases: prevention/mitigation, preparation and recovery. A lack of coordination across agencies, as identified in the Final Report of the NSW Bushfire Inquiry (Owen & O’Kane 2020), reduced the value of much good work. A whole-of-government strategy using AIIMS structures is recommended to promote effective coordination across agencies rather than relying on current collaborative committees that are constrained by agency priorities. AIIMS provides a means of coordinating the work of agencies in prevention/mitigation, preparedness and recovery by working across agencies to enhance the safety of communities.
Incidence of sports injuries and their association with training characteristics of football referees in Türkiye
Authors: Şenışık Seçkin , Köyağasıoğlu Ogün , Denerel Nevzad , Emre Meydanal Yunus
Published: July 2022

Objective: There is an abundant number of studies that investigated injuries of football players. However, injuries of football referees remains under-researched. This cohort study aims to determine the sports injuries of Turkish football referees and also to investigate the relationship between the injury and demographic characteristics and the referees’training patterns.

Materials and Methods: At the onset of the season, a questionnaire involving personal characteristics, training content, and injury characteristics was administered to the referees. Then, the referees kept injury diaries throughout the season. Injury logs were analyzed at the end of the season.

Results: From 335 referees who were approached, a total of 286 completed the study. During the 2018-2019 football season, 134 injuries were reported from 94 (32.9%) referees, with more injuries during training than matches (n=114 vs 20; 85.1% vs 14.9%). Injuries were classified as acute injuries (n=36; 26.9%) and chronic/overuse injuries (n=86; 64.2%), while 12 (9%) injuries did not receive any clinical diagnosis. The most common injured body part was the lower leg (n=40, 29.9%). A significant difference was found between injured and non-injured referees for their ages, years of refereeing, the leagues they refereed, and the intensity of running training. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age groups affected the injury status with a variance of 12.4% with an odds ratio of 70.3% and %95 CI. The risk of injury for the referees in the 22-25 age group was 73% lower than those in the 30-year-old age group.

Conclusions: Our findings present the demographic profile and training characteristics of Turkish referees, and highlights the possible role of age, league level, years of refereeing and training planning in injury prevention.
Implementation of open-heart surgery in Dong Nai General Hospital: A preliminary result
Authors: Tai Le Trung Duc , Tien Nguyen Cong , Dũng Nguyen Anh , An Nguyen Thai , Anh Vo Tuan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Implementation of open-heart surgery in local hospitals might be necessary to help economize the treatment, improve the quality of the local medical staff and unload central hospitals. Since 2018, Dong Nai General Hospital, such a program with the assistance from Cho Ray Hospital. After 4 years, a research was conducted to assess the efficacy of this program

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of the cardiac surgery program in Dong Nai general hospital. Demographic characteristics, the preoperative cardiac lesions, comorbidities, early postoperative results, mid-term outcome were collected and analyzed.

Results: From May 2018 to May 2022, a total of 62 patients underwent cardiac surgery at Dong Nai General Hospital. 33.9% were male, mean age was 45.6 ± 15.5. 47 cases were operated in the first phase and 15 underwent surgery in the second phase. The overall short-term mortality was 1.6% (1 patient), early complications rate was 9.7%. These complications did not lead to prolonged sequelae.

Conclusion: Implementing cardiac surgery program in Dong Nai General Hospital under the assistance of Cho Ray hospital was proved safe and efficient in terms of short-term result. The success of this program should encourage other regional hospitals to start a new field and ameliorate the capacity of local healthcare system.
Bir Siyasi Hiciv Örneği Olarak Terry Pratchett’ın İlginç Zamanlar Romanı
Authors: ÖZBAY Emrah
Published: July 2022

Toplumu bulunduğu yerden daha ileriye götürmek amacıyla yapılan nükteli eleştiriler olan hiciv yüzyıllardır edebiyat ile iç içe geçmiş bir gelenek olarak tanımlanabilir. Hicvin önemli bir parçası olan siyasi hicvin ise toplumsal eleştirilerin ön plana çıkmasıyla karakterize olan modern hicivle geliştiği düşünülmektedir. Siyasete ve dolasıyla topluma yapılan eleştirilerin edebi metinler aracılığıyla insanlara ulaşması edebiyatın bu noktadaki önemini vurgular niteliktedir. Eleştirilerin fantastik bir dünyada yapılması ise okuyucuların kendilerini romandan soyutlamaları sebebiyle onların ilgilisini daha çok çekebilir ve verilen mesajlar çok daha net anlaşılabilir. Okuyucular fantastik bir dünyada meydana gelen olayları gerçek dünyamıza ait önyargılar, inanışlar ve siyasi ideolojilerin etkisi altında kalmadan değerlendirme imkânı bulabilirler ve bu sayede gerçek dünyamıza ilişkin konulara da daha farklı bir pencereden eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla bakabilirler. Günümüzde hiciv ve fantezi edebiyatı bir arada anıldığında akla gelen ilk isimlerin başında İngiliz yazar Terry Pratchett bulunmaktadır. Kırk bir romandan oluşan Diskdünya romanları serisinde bir yandan fantastik ögeleri kullanıp ilgi çekici hikayelerini anlatırken diğer yandan onun topluma, siyasete, çevreye ve ekonomiye yönelik hicivlerini içeren mesajlarını romanlarının satır aralarında bulmak mümkündür. Bu çalışmada yazarın Diskdünya serisinden seçilen İlginç Zamanlar adlı romanındaki siyasi hicvin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu incelemeleri yaparken Feinberg’in ileri sürdüğü hiciv tekniklerinden beklenmedik dürüstlük, beklenmedik olay ve ironi gibi teknikler kullanılmış, yazarın kelime seçimi göz önünde bulundurulmuş ve romandan verilen alıntılar ile bu tekniklerin romanda nasıl kullanıldığı gözler önüne serilmiştir.
Effectiveness of EUA colour Coding system in Urological Procedures during COVID-19: Experience at Institute of Kidney Diseases Peshawar Pakistan
Authors: Ali Liaqat , Asiya Hassan  , Faiza Hayat  , NasIr Orakzai
Published: July 2022

Objective: To study effectiveness of EUA colour coding system in performingÂ  Â urological procedures during COVID-19
Methodology:Â It is descriptive Study during three waves of COVID 19, Â conducted Â in Department of Urology Â at Institute of Kidney Diseases Hayatabad Peshawar, Pakistan from March 24, 2020 till March 30, 2021. Total numbers of 3066 operated patients were included in the study. We followed the EUA guidelines of color coding for prioritization of surgical procedures.Â  All the data of the patients and doctors were recorded on structured proforma and was analyzed on SPSS version 20.
Results" Total numbers of 3066 surgeries were performed during three waves of COVID 19, that included 937 (30.5 %)) emergency Procedures with code black , 1272 (59.74%) high Priority labeled as code red,Â  636 (29.8%)Â  as code yellow in intermediate priority and 221 (10.3%) as code green in. Regarding emergency surgeries code black, Obstructive uropathy remained high with 566 patients (60.4 %) patients, Pyonephrosis in 187(19.9%),Â  Genito-urinary trauma in 93 (9.9%), miscellaneous in 91 (9.7%).Â  The 1272 patients with high priority were dominated by Complicated Urolithiasis and High grade Urooncology. The preoperative nasopharyngeal PCR of 206 patients (22 %) in emergency procedures came positive for COVID-19. The rate of positive Â seroconvesrion was recorded in Â 82(6%) in high and 9 (1.5%)in Â intermediate priority and no seroconvesrion was recorded in code green .
Conclusion:The EUA guidelines is a useful tool in prioritization of urological procedure.
Association of Microalbuminuria with the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus.
Authors: Wajid Nida , Babar Zaheer , Niazi Khizar , Saeed Muhammad Kamran , Ghazanfar Qurat ul ain , Usman shah Sobia
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the association of microalbuminuria with the severity of diabetic retinopathy.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore from Dec 2019 to Dec 2020. All Patients having type II diabetes mellitus fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for this study. All patients underwent complete ocular examination including fundoscopy to grade the stage of diabetic retinopathy using the ETDRS chart. To assess the extent of microalbuminuria, a urine albumin to creatinine ratio was carried out using the urine spot test and classified as mild, moderate and severe according to KIDGO 2012 clinical practice guidelines.
Results: Â Â Out of 300 patients 104 (34.6%) had some stage of diabetic retinopathy. Â Microalbuminuria was present in all (104) patients with diabetic retinopathy and in 55 (28.06%) patients with no diabetic retinopathy. The severity of microalbuminuria correlates with the advancement in stages of retinopathy with Â  as the number of patients with moderate and severe microalbuminuria had higher stages of diabetic retinopathy. None of the patients with very mild diabetic retinopathy had moderately or severely increased microalbuminuria whereas 88% of patients with advanced diabetic retinopathy had moderately increased microalbuminuria and 4% had severely increased microalbuminuria.Â  Furthermore, 76% of the patients had moderately increased and 12% had severely increased microalbuminuria in patients >7 HbA1c and only 28% of patients had moderately increased microalbuminuria and none had severely increased microalbuminuria in patients with â‰¤ 7 HbA1c.
Conclusion: This study showed that the degree of microalbuminuria increases with each higher stage of diabetic retinopathy.Â
Effect of Addition of Nebulized Magnesium Sulphate to Standard Therapy in Children with Severe Asthma
Authors: Tehreem Afzal  , Naveed Butt  , Shahzad Munir
Published: July 2022

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Objective: To compare the outcome of addition of nebulized magnesium sulphate to the standard treatment in children with acute severe asthma.
Methodology: The trial was undertaken at the emergency of Paediatrics Department, Federal Government Polyclinic (Post Graduate Medical Institute), Islamabad from 1st April to 30th September 2019.Children between 1 to 12 years of age with acute severe asthma were initially nebulized with salbutamol thrice and ipratropium once.All the patients were also given intravenous steroid.Those not responding to this treatment and still classified as acute severe asthma were randomly divided into two groups each having 38 patients.Each patient in Group A received 2.5 ml (150 mg) of isotonic magnesium sulphate via nebulizer, thrice20 minutes apart, while group B received 2.5 ml of isotonic saline via nebulizer, thrice20 minutes apart.Each nebulization also contained salbutamol. Yung Asthma Severity Score (ASS) was determined at the start of treatment, at30 minutes and at 60 minutes of treatment.
Results: After 60 minutes, the mean Asthma Severity Score of children in group A was 6.95 Â± 1.29 and 7.63 Â± 1.03 in group B (p < 0.05). In group A, 18 (47.4%) children were discharged and 20 (52.6%) were admitted in the hospital. In group B, 7 (18.4%) children were discharged while 31 (81.6%) were admitted in the hospital (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: It is concluded that nebulized magnesium sulphate along with salbutamol can give a better outcome than salbutamol alone in children with acute severe asthma.
Covid Prognostic Score (CoPs) to predict prognostic outcome in Patients with Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Rizwan Aziz Qazi  , Saad Shakil  , Hafsa Atique
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To assess the degree of medical intervention needed for treatment and its application in areas with low resources and testing facilities.
Methodology: A Retrospective Cohort study was conducted on 141 patients from June 2020 to May 2021. All PCR positive covid patients were included; excluding those who died or left within 24 hours of admission. Data was obtained from hospital record. (HIMS), incorporating sociodemographic details, history of co-morbids and presenting complaints.
A Covid-Prognostic Score was developed to predict hospital outcome and severity of covid disease. It comprised of age, comorbidity (diabetes and ischemic heart disease), chest-x ray score, neutrophil- lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and ferritin score.
Using SPSS version 23, descriptive means were analyzed; Chi-square test was applied along with Mann- Whitney U and linear regression. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A significant association was found between health status (i.e., alive or dead) and diabetes (p=0.045) and ischemic heart disease (p=0.004), which reinforced their importance in the CoPS score. Association between CoPS and gender health status was highly significant; (p=0.003) (p=0.000) respectively. A positive correlation was found between CoPS and duration of hospital stay (R = 0.495) (p=0.216).
Conclusion: The continuous surge of Covid-19 is causing hospital resource and facility burn out. The CoPS score aims to pave way for triage therapy from the point of admission. A multi-center approach and scoring of â€œseverity strataâ€ of disease would further corroborate the relevance of the CoPS scoring system.
360 DERECE FİLM MİZANSENİ NEDİR? TASARIM VE YAPIM SÜRECİNE DAİR TEMEL AÇIKLAMALAR
Authors: HARMANDA Ahmet , TAŞDEMİR Babacan
Published: July 2022

Bu yazı 360-VR filmi konu almaktadır. 360-VR video tarihsel gelişimi 1960’lara kadar geri götürülebilecek görece yeni bir film kayıt teknolojisidir. Bununla birlikte, dijital iletişim piyasasının sanal gerçeklik uygulamaları özellikle yakın zamanda kamusal ortamda yaygınlaştıkça bu yeni teknolojinin bir geleceği olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu yazı 360-VR film yapımının hangi açılardan yerleşik sinema pratiklerinden ayrıldığını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlayan bir görgül araştırma üzerine temellenmiştir ve bu açıdan konunun teorileştirilmesine bir katkı sunma amacı taşımaktadır. Ayrıca araştırma 360-VR filmin ne olduğunu kavramsal olarak açıklamak ve 360-VR film yapımı üzerine temel bulgulara ulaşmayı ve söz konusu yeni film yapım biçimi ve teknolojisinin niteleyici özelliklerine ilişkin bir kavramsal tartışma yürütmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, araştırmacılar konuya dair gelişmekte olan bir literatürden ve 360-VR video tekniği ile çekilmiş bazı başarılı film örneklerinin betimsel analizinden faydalanmaktadırlar. Genel bir sonuç olarak, savunulabilir ki 360-VR film yapımı yerleşik sinema pratiklerinden özellikle montaj, yönetim, senaryo ve izleme deneyimleri açısından temel farklılıklara sahiptir. Ayrıca çalışma kapsamında, filme alınan aksiyonun görüldüğü sınırların ve derinliğin belirlenmesi açısından filmin yönetmeninin ve izleyicilerinin ortak katkılarına gönderme yapacak şekilde yeni bir terim olarak “co-optional kadraj” terimi önerilmektedir.
RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL E DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOECONÔMICO
Authors: De Oliveira Emerson Dias
Published: July 2022

Considerando o amplo cenário de discussões científicas que a responsabilidade social apresenta atualmente, o presente estudo se esforça em esclarecer algumas exposições desta temática no interior das ciências administrativas, inserindo sua importância no cotidiano das instituições empresariais e seus respectivos stakeholders. Foi realizado um breve debate da importância que o assunto apresenta nas interações sociais de forma a posicionar sua realização instruída no contrato social entre a empresa e sua vinculação com seu respectivo envoltório territorial de abrangência, uma análise que tem recebido cada vez mais um sentido estratégico em seus planos e políticas operacionais. Para tanto, utilizou-se de um embasamento teórico obtido por meio de uma ampla revisão da bibliografia existente acerca do tema, pontuando posicionamentos de forma a evidenciar a falta de coesão e coerência conceitual sob o assunto. Está colocada também uma discussão acerca da percepção de desenvolvimento socioeconômico, pois seu entendimento nunca se coloca com o mesmo sentido para distintos agentes sociais, fazendo-se assim essencial a sua teorização para que possa efetivamente incluir nessa questão as considerações e aplicabilidades da responsabilidade social nos ambientes empresariais.
DO DELITO DE EVASÃO DE DIVISAS FRENTE AOS PRINCÍPIOS DA CONSUNÇÃO E DA ESPECIALIDADE
Authors: Almeida Jéssica de Jesus
Published: July 2022

A Lei dos Crimes Contra o Sistema Financeiro - Lei nº 7.492/1986 – vulgarmente chamada de “Lei do Colarinho Branco”, regula parte do grupo dos Crimes contra o Sistema Econômico Nacional. Dentre estes, destaca-se o crime de evasão de divisas, tipificado ao teor do artigo 22 da referida norma. Ocorre que, passados cerca de 30 (trinta) anos desde a promulgação da lei nº 7.492/1986, é indubitável que houve certo amadurecimento legislativo, bem como a consequente criação de novas figuras delitivas em razão das mudanças sociais, políticas e jurídicas ocorridas ao longo dos anos. Diante disso, o cenário jurídico econômico-financeiro foi afetado pelo fenômeno do conflito aparente de normais penais, causado em razão da proximidade das figuras típicas regulamentadoras da matéria. Frente a esta problemática, o presente estudo objetivou analisar o crime de evasão de divisas à luz dos princípios da consunção e da especialidade, como meio de resolução de eventual conflito normativo. O levantamento de informações foi realizado mediante pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, através do emprego do método dedutivo, com caráter qualitativo, e à luz de ditames principiológicos, realizando-se, ainda, abordagem jurisprudencial como forma de demonstrar a aplicação prática da temática em voga.
O Direito Penal Moderno entre a expansão e o punitivismo: a necessidade de reconstruir a racionalidade.
Authors: Santos Igor Gomide
Published: July 2022

O direito penal, desenhado modernamente como instrumento de atuação estatal em ultima ratio, ou seja, em última instância, tem sofrido diversas mutações. Seja pela expansão do direito penal (por meio da proteção de bens jurídicos não-essenciais à sociedade) ou pelo punitivismo (pelo aumento da aflição das penas cominadas aos crimes já existentes), a persecução penal - e o clamor popular por ela - tem se afastado de suas características originárias. Tais mutações, frutos de grandes alterações sociais, tem se fortalecido pela forma espetacularizada de atuação dos poderes do estado. Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário se tornaram reféns de estratégias populistas que lançaram mão para mobilização social.  O direito penal, inserido como protagonista neste espetáculo, aprofunda-se e expande-se, em um sistema contraproducente e contraditório. Tal espetáculo e as emoções por ele catalisadas, afastaram a racionalidade penal moderna que, embora extremamente criticável, ainda detinha uma lógica interna. É necessário reconstruir o Direito Penal para reencontrar a racionalidade, voltando aos seus fundamentos e reestabelecendo os critérios racionais de cominação de crimes, para que nem toda criação de tipos seja tida como expansão e nem toda comoção social seja causa de tipificação. A partir desta ótica, buscou-se mostrar que a tipificação da homofobia, embora seja uma nova proteção no sistema penal, não é resultado da expansão deste, mas reconhecimento (um tanto quanto tardio) da igualdade de sexualidade como um bem jurídico que necessita ser protegido.
GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF A PEAKLESS CUTTING TOOL IN THE INSTRUMENTAL COORDINATE SYSTEM
Authors: M. K. Ospantaev
Published: July 2022

Processing of external surfaces with turning tools is the most common in the total mass of tools, and occupies a special place in the technological process of manufacturing machine parts. The issues of increasing productivity, accuracy and reliability of the processing process have always been and remain relevant and effective for metalworking. The aim of the study is to improve the quality of processing of external cylindrical surfaces with the development of a new processing method and the design of a peakless turning through-hole cutter. The idea of the work is to develop a new design of a lathe cutter for finishing and a new processing method. The analysis of methods and methods of processing external cylindrical surfaces, parameters of the cut layer during cutting, geometry and designs of turning cutting tools, led to the development of a new metal-cutting tool – a peakless turning cutting tool for finishing. The new design improves cutting conditions and minimizes the impact of adverse factors accompanying the cutting process. Thus, a pass-through peakless cutter has one cutting edge, is simpler due to the absence of an auxiliary back surface and top, has less complexity of manufacturing and sharpening, and therefore requires less operating costs.
РАЗРАБОТКА УЧЕБНОГО СТЕНДА ДИАГНОСТИКИ РУЛЕВОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ПОДВЕСКИ АВТОМОБИЛЯ
Authors: Р. Ю. Зарипов  , Н. С. Сембаев  , Ә. С. Машим  , Б. С. Калияшев  , Э. Р. Абильдинов
Published: July 2022

В данной работе рассматривается вопрос диагностики рулевого управления и подвески легкового автомобиля в условиях учебной лаборатории с целью проведения научно-исследовательских работ студентов. В качестве базы для сборки учебного стенда выбрана передняя подвеска с рулевым управлением автомобиля Ford Scorpio. На разрабатываемом стенде в учебных целях планируется проводить лабораторные и практические работы по определению люфта рулевого колеса, работы гидроусилителя, развал-схождения ходовой части автомобиля, имитации и исследований влияния качества дорожного покрытия на надежность подвески и рулевого механизма. Определены основные компоненты для сборки учебного лабораторного стенда. На данном этапе установлены группы параметров, которые должны диагностироваться на разрабатываемом стенде. Отражены материалы, используемые на первоначальном этапе работы в рамках комплексной магистерской диссертации.