bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observational Evidence for the Origin of High-energy Neutrinos in Parsec-scale Nuclei of Radio-bright Active Galaxies
Authors: Plavin Alexander , Kovalev Yuri Y. , Kovalev Yuri A. , Troitsky Sergey
Published: May 2020

Observational information on high-energy astrophysical neutrinos is being continuously collected by the IceCube observatory. However, the sources of the neutrinos are still unknown. In this study, we use radio very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data for a complete VLBI flux density–limited sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We address the problem of the origin of astrophysical neutrinos with energies above 200 TeV in a statistical manner. It is found that AGNs positionally associated with IceCube events have typically stronger parsec-scale cores than the rest of the sample. The posttrial probability of a chance coincidence is 0.2%. We select the four strongest AGNs as highly probable associations: 3C 279, NRAO 530, PKS 1741−038, and OR 103. Moreover, we find an increase of radio emission at frequencies above 10 GHz around neutrino arrival times for several other VLBI-selected AGNs on the basis of RATAN-600 monitoring. The most pronounced example of such behavior is PKS 1502+106. We conclude that AGNs with bright Doppler-boosted jets constitute an important population of neutrino sources. High-energy neutrinos are produced in their central parsec-scale regions, probably in proton–photon interactions at or around the accretion disk. Radio-bright AGNs that are likely associated with neutrinos have very diverse γ-ray properties, suggesting that γ-rays and neutrinos may be produced in different regions of AGNs and not directly related. A small viewing angle of the jet–disk axis is, however, required to detect either of them.
The H2O Spectrum of the Massive Protostar AFGL 2136 IRS 1 from 2 to 13 μm at High Resolution: Probing the Circumstellar Disk
Authors: Indriolo Nick , Neufeld D. A. , Barr A. G. , Boogert A. C. A. , DeWitt C. N. , Karska A. , Montiel E. J. , Richter M. J. , Tielens A. G. G. M.
Published: May 2020

We have observed the massive protostar AFGL 2136 IRS 1 in multiple wavelength windows in the near- to mid-infrared at high (∼3 km s−1) spectral resolution using VLT+CRIRES, SOFIA+EXES, and Gemini North+TEXES. There is an abundance of H2O absorption lines from the ν
1 and ν
3 vibrational bands at 2.7 μm, from the ν
2 vibrational band at 6.1 μm, and from pure rotational transitions near 10–13 μm. Analysis of state-specific column densities derived from the resolved absorption features reveals that an isothermal absorbing slab model is incapable of explaining the relative depths of different absorption features. In particular, the strongest absorption features are much weaker than expected, indicating optical depth effects resulting from the absorbing gas being well mixed with the warm dust that serves as the “background” continuum source at all observed wavelengths. The velocity at which the strongest H2O absorption occurs coincides with the velocity centroid along the minor axis of the compact disk in Keplerian rotation recently observed in H2O emission with ALMA. We postulate that the warm regions of this dust disk dominate the continuum emission at near- to mid-infrared wavelengths, and that H2O and several other molecules observed in absorption are probing this disk. Absorption line profiles are not symmetric, possibly indicating that the warm dust in the disk that produces the infrared continuum has a nonuniform distribution similar to the substructure observed in 1.3 mm continuum emission.
Is GRB 110715A the Progenitor of FRB 171209?
Authors: Wang Xiang-Gao , Li Long , Yang Yuan-Pei , Luo Jia-Wei , Zhang Bing , Lin Da-Bin , Liang En-Wei , Qin Song-Mei
Published: May 2020

The physical origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is unknown. Young magnetars born from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been suggested as a possible central engine of FRBs. We test such a hypothesis by systematically searching for GRB–FRB spatial associations from 110 FRBs and 1440 GRBs. We find that one FRB event discovered by the Parkes telescope, FRB 171209, is spatially coincident with a historical long-duration GRB 110715A at z = 0.82. The afterglow of GRB 110715A is consistent with being powered by a millisecond magnetar. The extragalactic dispersion measure of FRB 171209 is in excess of that contributed by the intergalactic medium, which can be interpreted as being contributed by a young supernova remnant associated with the GRB. Overall, the significance of the association is (2.28–2.55)σ. If the association is indeed physical, our result suggests that the magnetars associated with long GRBs can be the progenitors of at least some FRBs.
A Common Proper-motion Companion to the Herbig Be Star HD 259431
Authors: van den Ancker Mario
Published: May 2020

We report on new measurements with the SPHERE instrument on the VLT of a companion 3.″117 N (PA = 345.°3) of the Herbig Be star HD 259431 (MWC 147). Comparison with previous literature measurements shows the companion to have a common proper motion with HD 259431. It is likely a 1.2 M
⊙ young star surrounded by a disk.
Key roles and interests of Pakistan and India in Afghanistan
Authors: Havlík Martin
Published: May 2020

This review attempts to analyze in detail the specific roles and interests of the key players represented by Pakistan and India in Afghanistan. The focus of individual actors in the South Asian region was focused on identifying key objectives, defining specific national interests and strategies in Afghanistan. The aim of the article is to find out, analyze, interpret and understand information about the power relations of Pakistan and India in relation to the security situation in Afghanistan. The content focuses on the analysis of Pakistan-India relations and their intertwining in Afghan society. The aim is not to relate the content to a generalized theory or known theoretical paradigm of international relations, but to analyze the aspects of the Afghanistan in relation to Pakistan and India.
Experiment of Using Structured Techniques in Intelligence Analysis
Authors: Vojtek Jozef
Published: May 2020

Research into the use of structured analytical techniques has shown that analysts use specific structured techniques to achieve better analysis results than using traditional intuitive approaches. The experiment was based on solving the analytical tasks of two intelligence scenarios in a set of 32 people. To verify the null hypothesis, a chi-square test of independence was performed at a 5% significance level. In the control/intuitive and experimental/structured technique groups, responses were evaluated in four criteria, in an overall qualitative intelligence analysis, in rank corps, depending on the time of service and education. The number of correct answers was the highest in the experimental group when dealing with the intelligence analysis criteria for both scenarios. Improved analysis of the experimental group in the second scenario solution was statistically significant. The null hypothesis, using structured methodology improves qualitative intelligence analysis, is not rejected. In the experiment, other test criteria are below than the critical value. The results of the research have shown that the success of the problem solution is influenced by the correct use of the Hypothesis Testing technique. The use of structured techniques depends on the level of knowledge and the type of intelligence problem. At the same time, the conduct of research has shown the influence of analysts' cognitive biases.
Requirements for engineer information in water crossing
Authors: Sedláček Martin
Published: May 2020

The work deals with the issue of engineer information, which is necessary for the planning of water crossing, and which can facilitate and speed up the proces of operation planning with the assistance of the staff members of engineer specialization. At present (2019) there is no application software development of engineer support tasks (hereinafter APV ŽEN) within the engineer command and control subsystem AČR, which would take into account the problem of water crossing by troops. The aim of the article is: to analyze the gathering of engineer information for water crossing and to describe it on a specific example of the Morava river, to identify the possibilities of water crossing by forces of AČR, to propose a map base for APV ŽEN, which will be supplemented by engineer information from Povodí s.p. and Motorway and Highway Directorate (hereinafter ŘSD) and to define measures that will support the availability of engineer information in water crossing.
The megascolecid earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) in the Phu Quoc island, Vietnam, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: Nguyen Tung T. , Lam Dang H. , Trinh Binh T. K. , Nguyen Anh D.
Published: May 2020

The megascolecid earthworms of the Phu Quoc island are intensively investigated. Twelve species in three genera (Lampito Kinberg, 1867, Amynthas Kinberg, 1867, and Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972) are recorded. Of these, Metaphire doiphamon Bantaowong & Panha, 2016 is recorded for the first time in Vietnam, and three species are newly described, namely Amynthas catenatussp. nov., A. phuquocensissp. nov., and A. poropapillatussp. nov. An identification key to 12 megascolecid species is provided as well.
Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand
Authors: Ampai Natee , Wood Jr Perry L. , Stuart Bryan L. , Aowphol Anchalee
Published: May 2020

The rock-dwelling gecko genus Cnemaspis is one of the most species-diverse genera of gekkonid in Thailand. Earlier studies relied on morphological data to identify species, but cryptic morphology often obscured species diversity in Cnemaspis. In this study, an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological characters and sequences of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene were used to clarify current taxonomy of the Cnemaspis siamensis complex and delimit a new species from Lan Saka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. Cnemaspis lineatubercularissp. nov. is distinguished from other congeneric species by the combination of morphological characters: (1) maximum snout-vent length (SVL) of 40.6 mm (mean 38.8 ± SD 1.4, N = 12) in adult males and maximum SVL of 41.8 mm (mean 39.5 ± SD 1.9, N = 7) in adult females; (2) 8–9 supralabial and infralabial scales; (3) gular, pectoral, abdominal, and subcaudal scales keeled; (4) rostral, interorbitals, supercilium, palmar scales, and ventral scales of brachia smooth; (5) 5–6 small, subconical spine-like tubercles present on flanks; (6) 19–21 paravertebral tubercles linearly arranged; (7) 27–29 subdigital lamellae under the fourth toe; (8) 4–7 pore-bearing precloacal scales, pores rounded arranged in chevron shape and separated only in males; (9) one postcloacal tubercles each side in males; (10) ventrolateral caudal tubercles present anteriorly; (11) caudal tubercles restricted to a single paravertebral row on each side; (12) single median row of subcaudal scales keeled and lacking enlarged median row; and (13) gular region, abdomen, limbs and subcaudal region yellowish only in males. Genetically, the uncorrected pairwise divergences between the new species and their congeners in the C. siamensis group were between 15.53–28.09%. The new species is currently known only from granitic rocky streams at Wang Mai Pak Waterfall in the Nakhon Si Thammarat mountain range. Its discovery suggests that additional unrecognized species of Cnemaspis may still occur in unexplored areas of southern Thailand.
Paradoxes de la restauration d’une rivière asséchée dans le Sud-Ouest étatsunien : le cas de la Santa Cruz
Authors: Néel Claire , Boyer Anne-Lise , Le Tourneau François-Michel
Published: May 2020

Cet article s’intéresse aux problématiques socio-écologiques soulevées par différents modes de mise en valeur des cours d’eau et révélées par la rivière Santa Cruz, dans le sud de l’Arizona. Asséchée depuis les années 1940 du fait de la surexploitation de la nappe phréatique, et délaissée par les habitants comme par les autorités locales, elle fait aujourd’hui l’objet de multiples efforts pour tenter de la faire renaître, notamment grâce au rejet d’effluents. À travers cet exemple, il s’agit d’interroger les fonctions et la place accordée à un cours d’eau, dans une région semi-aride fortement urbanisée et soumise à des pressions croissantes sur la ressource en eau. Le regain d’intérêt pour la Santa Cruz s’inscrit dans l’évolution des paradigmes de gestion de l’eau, qui cherchent à intégrer de plus en plus de solutions alternatives pour sécuriser l’approvisionnement. Il démontre aussi une logique de renouvellement de l’image d’oasis pour la ville de Tucson, qui prend un tournant plus durable. Sur le plan environnemental, si l’objectif de restauration écologique est irréalisable, la recréation d’un paysage de rivière est pensée comme un outil de reconnexion par l’expérience des habitants à leur environnement, et de restauration du lien société-nature.
Élisée Reclus et George Perkins Marsh, convergence et rupture
Authors: Pelletier Philippe
Published: May 2020

Héritiers de la Naturphilosophie allemande, Élisée Reclus (1830-1905) et George Perkins Marsh (1801-1882), qui échangent une correspondance, dénoncent, au milieu du xix e  siècle, les destructions anthropiques de certains milieux. Mais leur conception du rapport nature-société diverge par la suite. Leur correspondance s’arrête. La position du géographe anarchiste Reclus et celle de l’ambassadeur Marsh, whig et calviniste puritain, sont incompatibles. La vision métaphysique de la nature chez Marsh, qui s’affirme dans les éditions successives de son Man and Nature après 1864 ne correspond plus à l’éthique laïque et à l’esthétique pratique de Reclus. Tous les deux et partagent une conception utilitariste de la nature, tant dans l’exploitation de ses ressources que dans le bénéfice de sa contemplation. Mais l’anthropocentrisme de Marsh s’arrête à la supériorité attribuée à Dieu. Dans le cadre d’un anarchisme social désireux que le progrès profite à tous, Reclus combine protection des paysages, respect pour les espèces animales ou végétales, et aménagement raisonné de l’espace.
Tu quoque mi fili ! Comment faire accepter la régénération stratégique lors d’une succession familiale ?
Authors: Yezza Hedi , Chabaud Didier
Published: May 2020

Lors de la succession familiale, une phase de direction conjointe est fréquemment observée, dans laquelle le successeur et son prédécesseur se partagent les responsabilités. Cette phase permet au successeur de proposer des changements au niveau de l’orientation stratégique et des modes de gestion de l’entreprise familiale. Mais est-il aisé de faire accepter ces choix alors qu’ils peuvent aller à l’encontre des choix effectués par le prédécesseur ? Des conflits sont alors possibles entre le prédécesseur – qui privilégie une certaine stabilité – et le successeur – qui souhaite régénérer l’entreprise. Comment gérer de telles situations ?
Le conjoint de dirigeant, courroie de transmission de l’entreprise familiale
Authors: Denis Valérie , Gillot Eugénie , Mahieu Marie
Published: May 2020

Quels sont les rôles du conjoint de dirigeant d’entreprise familiale ? Une étude de 3 ans s’est penchée sur la question et a analysé l’auto-perception de 42 conjoints et conjointes de dirigeants de 1 re à 12 e génération, actifs ou non dans l’entreprise. Elle l’a ensuite confrontée aux regards de 168 dirigeants d’entreprises familiales et de 169 « Next Gen » 1 . Mettant en lumière une myriade de rôles souvent invisibles ou méconnus, l’étude met aussi en avant la richesse des compétences, savoir-être et tempéraments des conjoints. Trois rôles principaux émergent : vis-à-vis du dirigeant, le soutien émotionnel à toute épreuve ; vis-à-vis de la famille, la facilitation de la communication ; et vis-à-vis de la Next Gen, la transmission de l’esprit d’entreprendre. Au carrefour des interactions et des enjeux individuels, familiaux et entrepreneuriaux, le conjoint est donc une pièce indispensable de la mécanique de l’entreprise familiale, et ce contrairement à sa propre perception. Telle la courroie de transmission qui perpétue le mouvement, le conjoint de dirigeant est un véritable passeur de modèle qui perpétue le mouvement entrepreneurial et familial.
Une succession familiale, que d’émotions !
Authors: Sfeir Soumaya
Published: May 2020

L’aspect émotionnel est omniprésent dans l’entreprise familiale. Il dicte son mode de fonctionnement, autant que son évolution dans le temps. Alors en quoi les émotions peuvent-elles nous permettre de mieux comprendre le processus de succession dans les entreprises familiales ? Les recherches académiques ont pourtant peu examiné de manière empirique les émotions dans le cadre de la succession, notamment celles ressenties par le prédécesseur lors du choix de son successeur. À travers l’examen de deux cas de succession, cet article souhaite apporter un premier éclairage sur les émotions ressenties par le cédant au moment cette importante prise de décision. Nous mettons en évidence les émotions ressenties et montrons comment elles influencent le comportement et les décisions du prédécesseur. Enfin, nous soulignons l’importance de l’accompagnement des cédants familiaux lors de la succession, afin de leur permettre de mieux gérer leurs émotions pour qu’elles ne soient pas un frein à l’action.
Le rôle de l’exemplarité pour favoriser l’esprit entrepreneurial dans les entreprises familiales
Authors: Wang Léa Zhe , Gouëdard Marine
Published: May 2020

La capacité à perpétuer un esprit d’entreprendre chez les dirigeants des entreprises familiales est essentielle pour la croissance et le développement de ces entreprises. Les spécificités d’une entreprise familiale peuvent à la fois faciliter et entraver la transmission de l’esprit d’entreprendre. Le facteur déterminant de cette transmission est la qualité de l’interaction entre le cédant et le repreneur. Nous nous inspirons de la littérature sur l’exemplarité du leader pour discuter les différentes manières pour un dirigeant de renforcer cette transmission en direction de son successeur et, ce faisant, œuvrer au service de la pérennité et de la croissance de l’entreprise familiale.
The STEP project: an international network for business families run by academics
Authors: Barrédy Céline , Basco Rodrigo
Published: May 2020

Fondé en 2005 par le Babson College (États-Unis) en collaboration avec six institutions académiques en Europe, le projet STEP (Successful Transgenerational Entrepreneurship Practices) est un réseau mondial de chercheurs et de professionnels dont l’objectif est d’assister les entreprises familiales dans la mise en œuvre de la transmission transgénérationnelle. Le projet permet de centrer le travail de recherche sur la création d’un esprit d’entrepreneur au sein des familles et sur le développement de capacités permettant aux nouvelles générations de développer et de pérenniser l’entreprise sur le long terme. Ce projet examine également les capacités innovantes des familles au sein des entreprises familiales. Le Dr Rodrigo Basco, titulaire d’un doctorat de sciences de gestion de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en Espagne et professeur de management et entrepreneuriat à l’ American University of Sharjah aux Emirat Arabes Unis, est l’un des membres les plus actifs du projet. Nous l’avons interrogé sur le fonctionnement de STEP et ses contributions pour la recherche sur les entreprises familiales et pour les familles en affaires.
Un moment d’exception
Authors: Garapon Antoine
Published: May 2020

La vaste prescription médicale face à l’épidémie suspend l’État de droit, les lois de l’économie et les engagements internationaux. Le retour à l’ordre ne doit pas négliger l’idéal démocratique.
Culture vive
Authors: Allard Sébastien , Cohn Danièle
Published: May 2020

L’usage du numérique permet d’élargir le public, mais une culture vive est nécessaire pour réparer une société blessée, ce qui requiert à son tour un engagement fort de l’État.
L’autre visage du Tout-monde
Authors: Lauro Raphaël
Published: May 2020

Selon la pensée du Tout-monde proposée par Édouard Glissant, la mondialisation rend insoutenable la relation organique entre le monde et la Terre. Mais il est encore possible de recourir à l’imaginaire.
Corps en colère, corps en fragments
Authors: Jaber Hana
Published: May 2020

Comment le corps peut-il nous informer sur les contestations de 2011 en Syrie qui ont dégénéré en conflit sanglant ? Ce papier s’inscrit dans l’approche théorique foucaldienne de la biopolitique du pouvoir. Il décrit la manière dont l’affranchissement individuel de la peur a basculé dans une dénonciation collective de la dictature. Il révèle à quel point la structure totalitaire du régime syrien a infiltré les peurs et comportements individuels, et s’est disséminé à travers le corps social. Le papier décrit les différentes étapes d’affranchissement de la terreur, les mécanismes de répression étatiques pour étouffer les manifestations, ainsi que le chaos et la violence corollaires qui ont fragmenté la société syrienne.
Quelle parole au travail ?
Authors: Rodrigues Lucie , Victoria Bernard , Chiha Sami
Published: May 2020

Le développement des théories de la communication a donné lieu à un investissement massif des institutions et des entreprises dans les technologies de la communication. Si la technologie est souvent présentée comme un moyen de faciliter le travail, la clinique contemporaine témoigne d’une réelle souffrance devant la part grandissante du numérique dans les métiers. Cet article éclaire les soubassements causaux de ce malaise, en questionnant la place laissée à la parole dans la sphère du travail.
Le chômage, symptôme du sujet contemporain ?
Authors: Gérard Sophie , Combres Laurent
Published: May 2020

En France, des mesures sont créées pour l’accès à l’emploi des personnes en difficulté. Le questionnement avec la psychanalyse de ces dispositifs permet de constater que si ces difficultés et le chômage affectent les sujets au cas par cas, les mesures d’accompagnement peuvent aussi les mettre en difficulté psychiquement. Si chacun a à inscrire sa singularité dans le lien social, le chômage peut en constituer une modalité d’inscription, telle une résistance inconsciente à la commande sociale.
Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Intervention for Adolescents With Problematic Internet Use
Authors: Mathew Preeti , Krishnan Raman , Bhaskar Adhin
Published: May 2020

The current study assessed the effect of an intervention on problematic internet use (PIU), biopsychosocial functioning, and academic performance in 100 adolescents with PIU in grades 9 and 11 in Ernakulam District, Kerala, India. Students from four comparable schools were randomly assigned to experimental and wait-list control groups after being screened for PIU. The experimental group participated in a 10-week intervention and parents of these adolescents were provided with two sessions. The wait-list control group received the intervention after the posttest. A PIU questionnaire, sociodemographic data, internet usage pattern, a biopsychosocial functioning tool, and academic performance were used to assess participants at baseline and immediately after and 3 months postintervention. Findings revealed significant differences in PIU; physical, psychological, and social functioning; and academic performance immediately and 3 months postintervention (
p
< 0.05). Thus, the intervention was effective in reducing PIU among adolescents and improved their physical, psychological, and social functioning and academic performance. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58
(7), 16–26.]
Visual and Refractive Outcomes Following Laser Blended Vision Using Non-linear Aspheric Micro-monovision
Authors: Ganesh Sri , Brar Sheetal , Gautam Megha , Sriprakash Karthik
Published: May 2020

PURPOSE:

To report 1-year visual and refractive outcomes following PRESBYOND Laser Blended Vision using non-linear aspheric micro-monovision with the MEL 90 platform (Carl Zeiss Meditec GmbH).

METHODS:

Data were collected retrospectively for all patients who underwent treatment for simultaneous correction of refractive error and presbyopia from June 2015 to June 2018. Only those patients who completed at least 6 months of follow-up were included in the study.

RESULTS:

A total of 101 patients with a mean age of 51.05 ± 5.15 years (range: 40 to 65 years), of whom 38 patients had myopic and 63 patients had hyperopic refractive error with or without astigmatism, were included in the study. Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was −3.36 ± 1.86 diopters (D) in the myopia group and +1.75 ± 0.99 D in the hyperopia group. At 1 year, the mean spherical equivalent refraction was +0.13 ± 0.32 D in the distance eye and −1.42 ± 0.33 D (range: −0.88 to −2.50 D) in the near eye in the myopia group and −0.13 ± 0.24 D in the distance eye and −1.28 ± 0.31 D (range: −0.63 to −2.00 D) in the near eye in the hyperopia group. Two eyes in the hyperopia group underwent early enhancement for the near eye at 3 months. Ninety-seven percent of the patients in the myopia group and 96% in the hyperopia group were satisfied with their distance vision. Near vision satisfaction score was 95% for the myopia group and 89% for the hyperopia group.

CONCLUSIONS:

At 1 year, the aspheric micro-monovision protocol resulted in satisfactory and fairly stable visual outcomes in both myopic and hyperopic individuals.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(5):300–307.]
$ H^2 $ blowup result for a Schrödinger equation with nonlinear source term
Authors: Liu Xuan , Zhang Ting
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $ \mathbb{R}^N, N\ge1 $,

   $ \partial_tu = i\Delta u+\lambda|u|^\alpha u , $

with $ H^2 $-subcritical nonlinearities: $ \alpha>0, (N-4)\alpha<4 $ and Re$ \lambda>0 $. For any given compact set $ K\subset\mathbb{R}^N $, we construct $ H^2 $ solutions that are defined on $ (-T, 0) $ for some $ T>0 $, and blow up exactly on $ K $ at $ t = 0 $. We generalize the range of the power $ \alpha $ in the result of Cazenave, Han and Martel [5]. The proof is based on the energy estimates and compactness arguments.
Numerical simulation for 3D flow in flow channel of aeroengine turbine fan based on dimension splitting method
Authors: Ju Guoliang , Chen Can , Chen Rongliang , Li Jingzhi , Li Kaitai , Zhang Shaohui
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we introduce a dimension splitting method for simulating the air flow state of the aeroengine turbine fan. Based on the geometric model of the fan blade, the dimension splitting method establishes a semi-geodesic coordinate system. Under such coordinate system, the Navier-Stokes equations are reformulated into the combination of membrane operator equations on two-dimensional manifolds and bending operator equations along the hub circle. Using Euler central difference scheme to approximate the third variable, the new form of Navier-Stokes equations is splitting into a set of two-dimensional sub-problems. Solving these sub-problems by alternate iteration, it follows an approximate solution to Navier-Stokes equations. Furthermore, we conduct a numerical experiment to show that the dimension splitting method has a good performance by comparing with the traditional methods. Finally, we give the simulation results of the pressure and flow state of the fan blade.
Analysis of dynamic properties on forest restoration-population pressure model
Authors: Qu Mingzhu ,   Department of Mathematics, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China, Zhang Chunrui , Wang Xingjian ,   College of Information and Computer Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Published: May 2020

On the basis of logistic models of forest restoration, we consider the influence of population pressure on forest restoration and establish a reaction diffusion model with Holling Ⅱ functional responses. We study this reaction diffusion model under Dirichlet boundary conditions and obtain a positive equilibrium. In the square region, we analyze the existence of Turing instability and Hopf bifurcation near this point. The square patterns and mixed patterns are obtained when steady-state bifurcation occurs, the hyperhexagonal patterns appears in Hopf bifurcation.
Topic-based automatic summarization algorithm for Chinese short text
Authors: Ma Tinghuai ,   Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China, Wang Hongmei , Zhao Yuwei , Tian Yuan , Al-Nabhan Najla ,   Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China,   King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2020

Most current automatic summarization methods are for English texts. The distinction between words in Chinese text is large, the types of parts of speech are many and complex, and polysemy or ambiguous words appear frequently. Therefore, compared with English text, Chinese text is more difficult to extract useful feature words. Due to the complex syntax of Chinese, there are currently relatively few automatic summarization methods for Chinese text. In the past, only the important sentences in the original text can be selected and simply arranged to obtain a summary with chaotic sentences and insufficient coherence. Meanwhile, because Chinese short text usually contains more redundant information and the sentence structure is not neat, we propose a topic-based automatic summary method for Chinese short text. Firstly, a key sentence selection method is proposed combining topic words and TF-IDF to obtain the score of each text corresponding to the topic in the original text data. Then the sentence with the highest score as the topic sentence of the topic is selected. Considering that the short text of Weibo may contain a lot of irrelevant information and sometimes even lack some important components of topic, three retouching mechanisms are proposed to improve the conciseness, richness and readability of topic sentence extraction results. We validate our approach on natural disaster and social hot event datasets from Sina Weibo. The experimental results show that the polished topic summary not only reflects the exact relationship between topic sentences and natural disasters or social hot events, but also has rich semantic information. More importantly, we can almost grasp the basic elements of natural disaster or social hot event from the topic sentence, so as to help the government guide disaster relief or meet the needs of users for quickly obtaining information of social hot events.
Selling Personal Data
Authors: Samara Konstantina
Published: May 2020

The prevalent and currently unanimous European legal system regarding personal data comprises a set of protective rules, enshrining, amongst others, the prerequisites for lawful processing. The venture of the ensuing aims to examine, under the scope of both constitutional rules and the ius cogens provisions of the Regulation (EU) 2016/679, the validity of a transaction pertaining to the processing of personal data. The objective of the herein argumentation specifically focuses on the juridical act of selling personal data, in accordance with the principle of contractual freedom and its compatibility with the core of constitutional provisions, which safeguard human value. The correlations examined below are referred to the contractual interaction between the subject of the personal data and the data controller under the scope of a double facet approach of GDPR, as a legal system both personal and property oriented.
Raising Children in Cantonese, English, and Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese) Within Non-Trilingual Families
Authors: Chan Yanis Yin Lam , Martín Cristina Díaz
Published: May 2020

This chapter explores trilingual teaching in Hong Kong, a city where the ‘trilingual and biliterate' policy was officially enacted for more than two decades. A brief introduction of Hong Kong's language climate was illustrated to provide a clearer idea why trilingualism is a significant topic that should be explored. The two purposes of this study are to understand more about how non-trilingual parents raise their trilingual children and to compare the findings between families of different socioeconomic and cultural background. Case studies were conducted with four families: two bilingual local families, one bilingual family from mainland China, and one monolingual family from Nepal. The work provides viewpoints regarding the motivation, attitude, expectations, and strategies of these four families in raising trilingual children in Hong Kong.
Assessment of Language Learning Strategies in Technology-Enhanced Learning Environment
Authors: Bin-Hady Wagdi Rashad Ali , Al-kadi Abdu , Alzubi Ali Abbas Falah , Mahdi Hassan Saleh
Published: May 2020

This chapter reports on the Yemeni and Saudi EFL learners' use of language learning strategies (LLSs) in technology-mediated language learning contexts. The study examines whether nationality and gender play a significant role in using LLSs on electronic platforms. The study adopted a correlative design in which 100 Yemeni and Saudi university students were recruited to respond to an online close-ended questionnaire. Drawing on Oxford's classification of learning strategies, the findings of this study showed that metacognitive and cognitive strategies were used more frequently compared to the other LLSs. Moreover, the findings of t-test showed a significant difference in the use of LLSs attributed to nationality in favor of the Saudi learners and no significant difference in the choice of LLSs attributed to gender. The study provided some suggestions for EFL learners to benefit from technology in their English language learning.
A Digital Ecosystem for Teaching-Learning English in Higher Education
Authors: Pinto-Llorente Ana María
Published: May 2020

The aim of the research is to analyse pre-service teachers' perceptions about the effectiveness of the digital ecosystem implemented in the area of English morphosyntax in b-learning modality. Based on this goal, a qualitative research approach was adopted. One hundred forty-three learners were enrolled in the subject, and a total of 43 participated in the study. The instrument used to collect data was unstructured individual interviews. The findings suggested students' positive attitudes towards the implemented digital ecosystem. It highlighted that the students were active participants and knew how to manage their learning and how to collaborate with their classmates. The flexibility and accessibility provided by the technological tools available in the model allowed students to combine their personal and professional obligations with lifelong learning. It overcame all the spatial and temporal barriers and developed a kind of learning just-in-time, just-for-students, anytime and anywhere.
Silent Observation
Authors: Khan Mohd Javed
Published: May 2020

With the growth of information communication technology, new technologies are emerging, and their applications in learning are increasing. Emerging technologies that may produce effective learning outcomes include 5G technology to have efficient and effective learning, artificial intelligence – imitating human-like behaviour, voice searches, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). Research in the field of emerging technologies reflects that they are able to engage learners and grab their attention. Learners must be assessed to measure learning gains. Learner assessment using Bloom's taxonomy has been proved effective. Algorithm “Silent Observation,” proposed to assess learners, is found to be effective in its idea of conception stage. The algorithm has sound footing in micro-research findings on formative assessment and emerging technologies. Assessment using this algorithm will be an iterative process and will refine itself using AI techniques. “Silent Observation” has a strong pedagogical framework interweaving emerging technologies.
Use of Big Data Analytics by Tax Authorities
Authors: Walker-Munro Brendan
Published: May 2020

This chapter provides a thematic analysis for the Australian context of the legality and challenges to the use of big data analytics to identify risk, conduct compliance action, and make decisions within the tax administration space. Recent federal court jurisprudence and research is discussed to identify common themes (i.e., privacy/opacity, inaccuracy/bias, and fairness/due process) currently influencing the legal treatment of big data analytics within the tax administration and compliance environment in Australia.
Regulating AI
Authors: Jackson Margaret A.
Published: May 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) is already being used in many different sectors and industries globally. These areas include government (help desks, sending demand letters), health (predicative diagnosis), law (predicative policing and sentencing), education (facial recognition), finance (for share trading), advertising (social media), retail (recommendations), transport (drones), smart services (like electricity meters), and so on. At this stage, the AI in use or being proposed is ‘narrow' AI and not ‘general' AI, which means that it has been designed for a specific purpose, say, to advise on sentencing levels or to select potential candidates for interview, rather than being designed to learn and do new things, like a human. The question we need to explore is not whether regulation of AI is needed but how such regulation can be achieved. This chapter examines which existing regulations can apply to AI, which will need to be amended, and which areas might need new regulation to be introduced. Both national and international regulation will be discussed; Australia is the main focus.
Analysis of the Fictional Elements and Their Connection With Gender Stereotypes in EFL Learners' Productions
Authors: Guadamillas Gómez María Victoria
Published: May 2020

This contribution analyses short biographies written by pre-service infant and primary school teachers about fictional women in history. The pieces of writing were produced by upper-intermediate English learners within a project carried out in two different classes, and in which reading, storytelling, and creative writing were combined with the main purpose of contributing to women's empowerment and visibility in society as well as writing and oral skills' development. In this regard, students read a selected group of biographies, and, later, they created their own fictional biography in which language use, drama—storytelling—and arts were utilised. For the analysis of the stories, attention is paid to the fictional elements introduced (validity of the story, interiority in the main character/s, and narrative congruence, among others), and the presence of adjectives which tend to be attached to female characteristics. In general, the results have shown that there is not a direct relationship between fictional elements and female stereotypes in the stories.
From Learning to Read Ancient Greek to Understanding Ancient Greek Literature
Authors: Mañas Mónica Durán
Published: May 2020

This chapter is a didactic proposal for the teaching of Ancient Greek language and literature under an innovative and interdisciplinary approach. The history of teaching Ancient Greek shows different language acquisition methods that respond to the demands of their times, each of them with its advantages and disadvantages. The author combines diverse approaches to offer a new method for beginners in which students get involved in a stimulating practice that enables them to progress at the rhythm of their choice. The teaching materials are focused on real texts of Ancient Greek literature that work as starting point for an innovative and challenging language teaching for specific purposes approach. The final goal is to achieve student learning of Ancient Greek language through contextualized literary texts in order to get a better understanding of what Ancient Greek culture meant and why it has survived until today.
The Support From Industry 4.0 to the Management of Change (MoC)
Authors: Demichela Micaela , Camuncoli Gianfranco
Published: May 2020

Dealing with maintenance activities in complex systems often configures the so-called management of change (MoC). MoC is a process for evaluating and controlling modifications to facility design, operation, organization, or activities—prior to implementation—to be sure no new hazards are introduced. Traditionally, MoC is related to technical changes. Safety implications from organizational changes have recently led to proposed integrated management of both types. An inadequate MoC is recognized as a recurring cause of accidents, often resulting in major accidents, mainly in the process industry. Despite this recognised criticality, the MoC workflow in many companies is still far from being mature and there are still evident shortcomings in its application that have to be compensated. The technical solutions composed by the enabling technologies within Industry 4.0 can offer a valid support to overcome the MoC shortcomings, as will be discussed within this chapter.
Role of Additive Manufacturing in Industry 4.0 for Maintenance Engineering
Authors: Kumar Arun , Singh Gurminder , Singh Ravinder Pal , Pandey Pulak Mohan
Published: May 2020

The chapter describes the role of additive manufacturing (AM) in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) for maintenance engineering. A brief introduction of the fourth industrial revolution and related technologies has been included. The different AM processes with significant contributions in the relevant industry sectors have been discussed along with suitable examples. Difference between the manufacturing capabilities of conventional and AM technologies has also been presented. Owing to its high degree of design freedom, AM helps to reduce the spare parts inventory cost, component assembly cost, and can replace the discontinued parts easily. A case study presenting these key distinctive features of AM, which make it an indispensable technology for I4.0, are also discussed. Furthermore, the barriers to the adoption of AM technology by manufacturers and possible remedial actions are also discussed in brief. The knowledge gaps in terms of materials and design tools for AM have been identified and a probable road ahead has been discussed.
Implementation of Autonomous Library Assistants Using RFID Technology
Authors: Nambobi Mutwalibi , Ssemwogerere Rajab , Ramadhan Badru K.
Published: May 2020

This is an interesting time to innovate around disruptive technologies like the internet of things (IoT), machine learning, blockchain. Autonomous assistants (IoT) are the electro-mechanical system that performs any prescribed task automatically with no human intervention through self-learning and adaptation to changing environments. This means that by acknowledging autonomy, the system has to perceive environments, actuate a movement, and perform tasks with a high degree of autonomy. This means the ability to make their own decisions in a given set of the environment. It is important to note that autonomous IoT using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is used in educational sectors to boost the research the arena, improve customer service, ease book identification and traceability of items in the library. This chapter discusses the role, importance, the critical tools, applicability, and challenges of autonomous IoT in the library using RFID technology.
Augmented Reality Gamifies the Library
Authors: Heffernan Karin L. , Chartier Shana
Published: May 2020

Two librarians at a University in New Hampshire attempted to integrate gamification and mobile technologies into the exploration of, and orientation to, the library's services and resources. From augmented reality to virtual escape rooms and finally an in-house app created by undergraduate, campus-based, game design students, the library team learned much about the triumphs and challenges that come with attempting to utilize new technologies to reach users in the 21st century. This chapter is a narrative describing years of various attempts, innovation, and iteration, which have led to the library team being on the verge of introducing an app that could revolutionize campus discovery and engagement.
Social Movements Taking Place in the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Mexico
Authors: Pradilla Cobos Emilio , Moreno Galván Felipe de Jesús , García López Ernesto
Published: May 2020

This idea compels the authors, at least, to take a quick look, with limitations by the length of the text, to some of the manifestations of the crisis situation prevailing in the country during the period of imposition of the neoliberal pattern of capital accumulation and to the essential features and the contradictions that it has printed to the great metropolis and national capital. From this outline, in the central part of this work, they analyze the specific characteristics of the social movements and the actions that they have developed in the metropolis, between 2011 and 2018, registered in the Laboratory of Urban Conflicts of the Autonomous Metropolitan University, Unit Xochimilco.
Methodological Framework for Defining the Sustainability Management Process for Urban Mobility Systems Based on System Engineering
Authors: Ngossaha Justin Moskolai , Ngouna Raymond Houé , Archimède Bernard , Patrascu Radu Gabriel , Petrisor Alexandru-Ionut , Ndjodo Marcel Fouda
Published: May 2020

Current urban mobility trends go beyond infrastructure investments and integrating new technologies, reflecting new user requirements and regulations, and the increasingly rigorous and sustainable governance. Designing an urban mobility system and assessing its sustainability require a flexible holistic approach considering the complete life cycle of the system and interdependencies between its components. This paper proposes a novel methodological framework based on system engineering tools, aimed at helping public authorities designing and deploying new urban projects, accounting for the entire life cycle of the mobility system, evolving requirements of users, and sustainability. The main goal is to validate the proposed framework by simulations. A realistic case study employing the new framework showed its advantages, consisting of solving problems in a manner comparable to other methodologies, but adding flexibility in managing different data inaccessible to urban managers before allowing for defining effective urban mobility policies.
Effects of Human Culture Among AEC Professionals Towards Adaptation of Collaborative Technology in Industrialized Project Delivery
Authors: Ghafar Maszura Abdul , Ibrahim Rahinah
Published: May 2020

Collaborative technology would change how AEC professionals instill their work culture when using BIM-enabled visualization applications during industrialized projects. This desktop study is to identify the base line communication preferences that can help building stakeholders to prepare themselves to export their professional services in delivering transdisciplinary global project implementation. The study found AEC's professional culture, method of knowledge transfer, and educational programs could affect several dimensions of their beliefs and values in ways of delivering global transdisciplinary projects. This study is limited to understanding and documenting the effects of human factors during the integrated project delivery phase. These contributions would support developing countries' professionals to collaborate effectively with developed countries' professionals. Future development of supportive communication systems in integrated design studio education programs is recommended to prepare future Malaysian AEC transdisciplinary global practices.