bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRUKTUR GENETIK PUISI MODERN JEPANG JINRUI NO IZUMI (人類の泉) KARYA TAKAMURA KŌTARŌ
Authors: Penyka Penyka
Published: July 2017

Puisi lahir bukan dari kekosongan. Ia ada karena pengarang yang terkait erat dengan lingkungan dan karyanya yang disebut  struktur genetik. Penelitian puisi Jinrui no Izumi (人類の泉) karya Takamura Kōtarō ini menggunakan teori teori strukturalisme genetik menurut Kinayati Djojosuroto. Sumber data diperoleh dari kumpulan puisi Takamura Kōtarō dalam buku yang berjudul  高村光太郎詩集 (Takamura Kōtarō Shishuu) karya伊藤信吉(Itou Shinkira) (1950). Analisis penelitian strukturalisme genetik puisi dilakukan dengan mengkalsifikasikan data berdasarkan struktur fisik, batin, kemudian dikaitkan dengan genetiknya. Dari gabungan struktur tersebut, dapat disimpulkan struktur genetik dalam puisi tersebut.  Kata Kunci: Struktur Genetik, Puisi Modern, Jinrui no Izumi, Takamura Kōtarō
De la “desaparición” a la reemergencia: Continuidades y rupturas del movimiento de pobladores en Chile
Authors: Angelcos Nicolás , Pérez Miguel
Published: July 2017

En los últimos treinta años, la asignación masiva de soluciones habitacionales vía subsidios estatales ha redefinido la relación entre los pobladores (pobres urbanos) chilenos y el Estado. Dichas transformaciones han tensionado los enfoques tradicionales sobre las movilizaciones por la vivienda, erigidas fundamentalmente desde el examen del llamado “Movimiento de Pobladores”, que tuvo lugar en los años sesenta e inicios de los setenta. Usando material etnográfico recabado entre 2010 y 2014, buscamos subsanar tales vacíos analíticos mediante el examen de la reconfiguración histórica de las protestas por derecho a la vivienda y, en este marco, la rearticulación delpobladorcomo subjetividad política; y la relación de la demanda por vivienda digna con la reivindicación del derecho a la ciudad y la vida digna. Así, mostramos cómo el carácter subsidiario y segregador de las políticas de vivienda desarrolladas durante las últimas décadas es cuestionado por la acción colectiva de los pobladores y los procesos de subjetivación política asociados.
Performance of Students Admitted through Affirmative Action in Brazil
Authors: Valente Rubia R. , Berry Brian J. L.
Published: July 2017

Following the implementation of the Lei das Cotas (Affirmative Action Law) in Brazil, there has been debate as to whether students who were admitted through affirmative action perform at the same level as students admitted through traditional methods. This article examines the results of the Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (ENADE) from 2009 to 2012 to determine whether there is a relationship between students’ performance at the university level and the manner of their admittance. We find that students admitted to public universities under affirmative action perform at similar levels to students who were not, whereas quota students in private universities perform slightly better than students admitted through traditional methods.
Undesired Presences: Samba, Improvisation, and Afro-politics in 1970s Brazil
Authors: Bocskay Stephen
Published: July 2017

This article explores the role of the samba subgenre partido alto as a mode of resistance to modernization and the Brazilian military regime’s disfiguration of samba music in the 1970s. This resistance ultimately led a handful of samba musicians to create the Grêmio Recreativo de Arte Negra Escola de Samba Quilombo in 1975. While it is true that Quilombo nurtured Afro-Brazilian music and culture, the author demonstrates that its leader and cofounder, Antônio Candeia Filho, acted as a samba preservationist and a pioneer, referencing music of the African diaspora, but also as someone who drew the line when it came to espousing Pan-Africanism. The aversion to Pan-Africanism in Rio de Janeiro’s samba community heightened in the late 1970s, as Black Soul, among other foreign sounds and cultural presences, was perceived as a threat to the primacy of samba.
The Emerging Non-State Sector in Cuba’s Economy
Authors: Mesa-Lago Carmelo
Published: July 2017

This essay reviews the following works:

Open for Business: Building the New Cuban Economy. By Richard E. Feinberg. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2016. Pp. vii + 264. $22.00 cloth. ISBN: 9780815727675.

Miradas a la economía cubana: Análisis del sector no estatal. Edited by Omar Everleny Pérez Villanueva and Ricardo Torres. La Habana: Editorial Caminos, 2015. Pp. 163. $5, paper. ISBN: 9789593031080.

Entrepreneurial Cuba: The Changing Policy Landscape. By Archibald R. M. Ritter and Ted A. Henken. Boulder, CO: First Forum Press, 2015. Pp. xiv + 374. $79.95 cloth. ISBN: 9781626371637.

Retos para la equidad social en el proceso de actualización del modelo económico cubano. Edited by María del Carmen Zavala et al. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Sociales, 2015. Pp. vi + 362. $20 paper. ISBN: 9789590616105.
Sports Culture and the Varieties of Latin American Identity
Authors: Bocketti Gregg
Published: July 2017

This essay reviews the following works:

Sports and Nationalism in Latin/o America. Edited by Héctor Fernández L’Hoeste, Robert McKee Irwin, and Juan Poblete. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. Pp. xiii + 307. $95.00 cloth. ISBN: 9781137487186.

Muscling in on New Worlds: Jews, Sport, and the Making of the Americas. Edited by Raanan Rein and David M. K. Sheinin. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2014. Pp. x + 196. $135.00 cloth. ISBN: 9789004284487.

Sports Culture in Latin American History. Edited by David M. K. Sheinin. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2015. Pp. ix + 239. $25.95 paper. ISBN: 9780822963370.

The Sovereign Colony: Olympic Sport, National Identity, and International Politics in Puerto Rico. By Antonio Sotomayor. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2016. Pp. xix + 360. $60.00 cloth. ISBN: 9780803278813.
Spaces, Sites, and the Art of Memory
Authors: Hite Katherine
Published: July 2017

This essay reviews the following works:

Sites of Memory in Spain and Latin America: Trauma, Politics, and Resistance. Edited by Aída Díaz de León, Llorente Marina , and Marcella Salvi. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2015. Pp. vi + 177. ISBN: 9781498507806.

La consagración de la memoria: Una etnografía acerca de la institucionalización del recuerdo sobre los crímenes del terrorismo de Estado en la Argentina. By Ana Guglielmucci. Buenos Aires: Antropofagia, 2013. Pp. 398. ISBN: 9789871238996.

Art from a Fractured Past: Memory and Truth-Telling in Post-Shining Path Peru. Edited by Cynthia E. Milton. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2014. Pp. xi + 307. ISBN: 9780822355304.

Ni tan elefante, ni tan blanco: Arquitectura, urbanismo y política en la trayectoria del Estadio Nacional. By Valentina Rozas Krause. Santiago, Chile: RIL Editores, 2014. Pp. 342. ISBN: 9789560100641.

Memorials in Berlin and Buenos Aires: Balancing Memory, Architecture, and Tourism. By Brigitte Sion. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2015. Pp. xix + 129. ISBN: 9780739176306.
Overpowered: Control and Contingence in Haiti
Authors: Smith Matthew J.
Published: July 2017

This essay reviews the following works:

Contrary Destinies: A Century of America’s Occupation, Deoccupation, and Reoccupation of Haiti. By Léon Pamphile. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 2015. Pp. xviii + 203. ISBN: 9780813061023.

Politics and Power in Haiti. Edited by Kate Quinn and Paul Sutton. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Pp. xi + 202. ISBN: 9781137311993.

Haiti: Trapped in the Outer Periphery. By Robert Fatton Jr. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2014. Pp. ix + 227. ISBN: 9781626370364.
AIRPORT RAMP RISK ANALYSIS AT HALIM PERDANAKUSUMA
Authors: Effendi Mustika Sari , Arubusman Dian Artanti , Abbas Syaiful
Published: July 2017

In the last ten years airline industry has grown rapidly and has made airport ramp or apron busier with its activities. The work time in this area is relatively short, causing the work pressure higher than other areas. It is not surprising that accidents and incidents are more potential to happen here. By identifying the hazard and risk, and then doing a risk analysis, the level of risk can be known using a qualitative method referring to the Australian/New Zealand Standard or AS/NZS 4360:2004. It is clear that the highest risks of ramp activities are noise, being struck by operational vehicles, and being squeezed by GSE equipment. Meanwhile, the activities with high risk include fatique, dust, being squeezed by hydraulic during preparation, being scratched by iron, improper body position when putting mannual GSE, being struck down by things, falling down, and getting lavatory water splashed on.
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND HUMAN NEEDS IN A FAMILY
Authors: Kadarisman Muh
Published: July 2017

Depok City as the main supporting area for the capital of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, is facing various problems of transportation mode. Some policies have been made to overcome the problems of transportation, especially traffic jam. Although the system is well developed, it will not succeed as long as it is not sufficiently improved. The aim of this research is to analyze the transportation system and human being’s needs in a family in Depok City. The method of research used here is descriptive-qualitative. The results of research show that to achieve sustainable and environmentally sound development in Depok City, transportation system has an important and strategic position. However, efficient, competitive, cheap transportation services have not been well developed so that it has potential to destruct the environment and cause traffic jam. Such a condition shows the 'trade-off' the Government of Depok City should face. The enhancement of mobility through providing road infrastructures has supported the economic growth and human being’s needs in a family.
AIRPORT FACTOR IN FLIGHT DELAYS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Setiawan Indra , Majid Suharto Abdul , Yuliantini Yuliantini
Published: July 2017

Airport is a vital subsystem in the air transport system which has an important and strategic role in smoothening air traffic, so that an airport must be designed to be always ready in all situations and conditions to serve airline flights securely, orderly, smoothly, and quickly. The frequent delay faced by Indonesian domestic scheduled airlines is not fully caused by internal factor of the companies. Instead, it can be caused by the airport factor. The problems faced by airports in Indonesia which have impacts on the performance of flight punctuality among other things are capacity, slot time, quality of flight navigation devices, accessibility, professionalism of  airport and ATC human resources, infrastructure, facilities, equipment, and the human resources handling security and safety of flights in airport. This article recommends that an in-depth study should be carried out to map the interrelations between the airport factor in the flight delay related to facilities integration and the airport authority in the flight activities in Indonesia.
Historical-Anthropological Ethno-Genesis of Albanian Society Development, Especially the Gjakovar with Surrounding One
Authors: Avdiaj Bekim , Avdiaj Lumnije
Published: July 2017

Albanian society inherits an ethno-genesis since ancient ages. Part of this, is also the Gjakovar society with surrounding. Through development phases, as many other societies, this one faced with challenges from the most different. Among the main ones was the war for surviving from numerous invaders, and that until the last decade of the 20th century. Of course that all of them who had claims toward these lands, they tried through different ways, to make the history of this society as their own, alluding that this population wasn't existent in this land. However, the Albanian society managed to survive all historical periods and that by keeping its genesis clear. It had been achieved through 'inherits' guides of traditions and culture over generations, and that, leaving deep footprints not only for itself, but even for the stories of neighbor societies. So, through this study, we will try to tell how the society of Gjakova region has kept its ethno-genesis, proving that it was a unique part of Albanian society and that was one of the very first in Europe. We will prove it through showing historical-anthropological fact since the antiquity to the newest artifacts. To clarify that this population is really autochthonous in this land, it is told also by saving and taking-after the cultural heritage. As an argument it is also the keeping of surnames based on cultivated artisans through ages, which are still being held by a part of this population.
The Importance of the Convergence of Legal Cultures for Modern Trends of Integration
Authors: Jakimko Hanna Duszka
Published: July 2017

Reflections on the importance of cultural convergence and integration in the European countries of the region are still present in the social, economic and legal discourse. Converging trends, in most general terms, mean strengthening, consolidation and merging international political, economic and cultural cooperation. A contribution to this is given by processes widely discussed in the literature like globalization, economic liberalization and political, ideological and moral pluralism. The phenomenon of convergence applies to law as such. The above mentioned factors are fostering the convergence of law. However, one can indicate conditions shaping legal integration in a specific way. An adhesive joining the European legal culture tends to be a common legal tradition of states of the relevant cultural area, constitutional tradition, ethical values - humanity, freedom, justice and equality - defining the legal thinking and interpretation of the law. These considerations aim to illustrate the importance of the convergence of legal cultures to seek answers about the role and importance of law and changes in the way of understanding of the law within globalization and integration processes. For this purpose, the concept of globalization will be reconstructed as well as the idea of integration, culture and legal culture, and then described the impact of converging trends on the processes of creation, interpretation and application of the law.
The Necessity / Need of Strengthening the Applicative Character in the Scientific Research in Geography
Authors: Hoti Mahir , Ziu Majlinda
Published: July 2017

The revolution of research, precisely, the revolution of knowledge has been transforming the role of modern universities in Europe and farther. Nowadays, it is emphasized the need to revise the whole process of research – technology – production. The enhancement of human knowledge is a consequence of the changes and transformations being done in all aspects of the practical life of the society. A quick development has accompanied the direct or indirect geographical group sciences. Among the widespread fields of study introduced nowadays, it is hard to find another field of study, which is more interdisciplinary than the one being discussed. Albania is trespassing another stage of social and economical transformations, and this is due to political changes undergone in the years 1990-1991. This stage is followed by other new changes which require further scientific studies based on specific topics. An important step has been done in the regional tackling of problems, where it was estimated the interdependence between the geographic environment and the demographic and economic development of specific regions. Such studies have been done in the field of tourism, a field much explored in the aspects of natural and cultural inheritance. The scientific research in Geography needs to be developed through detailed analysis, which is based on primary and secondary data. These data should be well interpreted from a contemporary point of view, characterized also from physical and geographical transformations, as well as social and economical ones. Although the curricula of Geography in Albanian universities has undergone several changes, (a lot of subjects have been added to the curricula), their effect on the scientific research has not been so much reflected. The field of the applicative scientific research in Geography is broad, because the object of Geography is broad. The applicative scientific research of Geography in Albania will give importance to the role of the geographer, especially in different levels of decisions. The paper will show concrete arguments for the necessity of strengthening the applicative character in the scientific research of Geography in our country.
Young Communities and the Impact of Wars and Conflicts on the Healthy Growth of Young People: Middle East as a Model Study
Authors: Snoubar Yaser , Hawal Hamed
Published: July 2017

Wars and armed conflicts throughout history is the most serious and the biggest factor on demographic changes of human societies, especially those that live in a state of constant conflict over different time periods or continuously. The world has witnessed many wars and conflicts that led to the deaths of millions of people, mostly children and youth. Despite the presence of many local and international agreements to protect the civilians in times of conflict and war, however it loses its effectiveness since the first day of the war. The society called Middle East, is one of societies that deserve special study. A society worthy of studying the impact of wars on it because from the beginning it has been a young society witnessing wars and conflicts continuously for decades. Despite the impact of the war on all segments of society, however, the young people deserve a special study since it is run by the conflict and are consequentially affected directly and indirectly in its sustainability. The young people are most likely to be killed, disabled, imprisoned or engaged in terrorist organizations, and militias. All of this in an atmosphere of instability and the absence of physical, psychological and social rehabilitation and the consequent chronic problems lead to improperly growth of the largest class in the society. This paper will address the impact of war and conflict on young people in the Middle East, including discussing topics of youth unemployment and participation in wars and conflicts and its impact on the healthy growth of the younger generation in the Middle East in general. In light of this study, there will be thrown many proposals that could contribute to the healthy growth of the younger generation within the Middle East region in the long term.
Injustice: Revealing Human Rights Issues in Ali Akbar Navis's Short Fiction
Authors: Ferdinal Ferdinal
Published: July 2017

Ali Akbar Navis was among satirical writers in Indonesian literature. He was concerned about what his nation had struggled with its democratization process. Navis's works are generally his responses to what was directly going on around him. They mostly represent his concerns about sociopolitical problems, which were significant at the time, he wrote them. They serve for Navis as a tool to protest against injustice and a way of communicating his disagreement with any elements that violate such rights, including the government. This study elucidates what sociopolitical events he disagrees and how he delivers his disagreement.
Modernization of tax structure in Kosovo
Authors: Smajli Remzi
Published: July 2017

An advantage in stabile economic balance in different countries is undoubtedly the form of fiscal system. Transformation towards modernization of the tax administration can undoubtedly bring favor the development of the economy with special emphasis on small business and middle. Fundamental changes that must occur in the tax structure redistribution of the tax burden and broaden the tax base. However leaders in this area requires special attention because this hypothesis is quite challenging because of the possible consequences. The main directions should have the right tax policy orientation; change in structure between direct and indirect taxes and tax structure right from the central or local level decentralization of tax power. Efficient functioning of the tax administration services and providing suitable conditions for fulfillment by taxpayers is the challenge of the tax system in Kosovo. One of the prerequisites of the efficiency of the tax system, in addition to organizational activities is the provision of modern information system, on which the tax administration of Kosovo should be on the cutting edge. This will simultaneously be the topic of discussion in my next paper for the Conference
Digital Generation - Analysis of the Use of ICT by Young Poles
Authors: Stanimir Agnieszka
Published: July 2017

In the Europe 2020 strategy in area of smart growth one of the flagship initiatives is Digital Agenda for Europe. Implementation of this initiative will lead to wide-availability of ICT solutions to society. Young people belonging to Generation Y most often treat the computer as a natural household equipment. Regular use of the Internet is very popular among them. They increasingly use mobile solutions in the field of ICT. The intelligent use of information technology possibilities will lead to sustainable economic growth. The purpose of the study was to cheque changes in the use of ICT among young Poles, and whether related behavioural patterns are similar in other countries of the European Union. The paper concludes with main reasons differencing generations in Poland due to the using the Internet.
Problems Associated with the Legal Substance of Real Estate Encumbrances
Authors: Kudeikina Inga
Published: July 2017

The article is devoted to the problems pertaining to the establishment of encumbrances on real estate. Encumbrances that are created on the basis of law have a different legal substance. As a rule, encumbrances by law are significant and bring benefits to an unlimited number of rightholders. This type of encumbrances includes various protection zones, roads, nature reserves, etc. It is assumed that these encumbrances are for the common good; therefore, the rights of an owner may be restricted. Legislation allows establishing encumbrances without any authorisation from the real estate owner. The objective of the thesis is to analyse the legitimacy of encumbrances based on law in the context of the impairment of owner's property rights. To this end, both descriptive and analytical methods have been employed to analyse the legal grounds for encumbrances and related case-law. The study has relied on both legislation and case-law. The results of the study give strong grounds to conclude that a special procedure could be applied to the establishment of encumbrances in situations when those are intended to meet the needs of the entire society or individual communities of certain regions. Like any other encumbrances, those established by law restrict owner's property rights. A real estate encumbrance should be recognised as a restriction on owner's property rights. Certain remedies should be introduced with a view to balancing the rights and interests of the society and the owner and minimising the adverse effects of encumbrances. Such remedies could comprise an owner's right to claim reasonable compensation, challenge the establishment of encumbrances and initiate their annulment.
Synchronization Possibilities and Features in Java
Authors: Hamidi Beqir , Hamidi Lindita
Published: July 2017

In this paper we have discussed one of the greatest features of the general purpose computer programming language –Java. This paper represents concepts of Synchronization possibilities and features in Java. Today's operating systems support concept of "Multitasking". Multitasking achieved by executing more than one task at a same time. Tasks runs on threads. Multitasking runs more than one task at a same time. Multitasking which means doing many things at the same time is one of the most fundamental concepts in computer engineering and computer science because the processor execute given tasks in parallel so it makes me think that are executing simultaneously. Multitasking is related to other fundamental concepts like processes and threads. A process is a computer program that is executing in a processor, while a thread is a part of a process that has a way of execution: it is a thread of execution. Every process has at least one thread of execution. There are two types of multitasking: process – based and thread – based. Process-based multitasking, means that on a given computer there can be more than one program or process that is executing, while thread-based multitasking, which is also known as multithreading, means that within a process, there can be more than one thread of execution, each of them doing a job and so accomplishing the job of their process. When there are many processes or many threads within processes, they may have to cooperate with each other or concurrently try to get access to some shared computer resources like: processor, memory and input/output devices. They may have to, for example: print a file in a printer or write and/or read to the same file. We need a way of setting an order, where processes and/or threads could do their jobs (user jobs) without any problem, we need to synchronize them. Java has built-in support for process and thread synchronization, there are some constructs that we can use when we need to do synchronization.This paper, a first phase discussed the concept of Parall Programming, threads, how to create a thread, using a thread, working with more than one thread. Second phase is about synchronization, what is in general and in the end we disscused the synchronization possibilities and feautures in Java.
Slum Kampong Tourism “Jakarta Hidden Tour”: Designing Eco-Cultural Based Pro-Poor Tourism
Authors: Prasetyanti Retnayu
Published: July 2017

Forecasts of high tourism development in Jakarta, Indonesia, where massive poverty cases also exist, has directed tourism as a way of alleviating poverty; this is usually termed “pro-poor tourism” which involves multi variant stakeholders and interests. Jakarta has widespread poor areas called “slum Kampongs”, where government and business sectors are supported by international development agencies have tried to tackle down poverty by economy-community (eco-community) based development programs. However, distinguished from those programs, slum kampong development based pro-poor tourism is yet unsupported by bureaucracy agencies. “Jakarta Hidden Tour” (see “Jakarta Hidden Tour” in Trip Advisor) a “wild” tour activity which is promoted by community movement led by Ronny Poluan indicates a term of economy and cultural (eco-cultural) based slum kampong tourism that basically can pursue a better community development and economy condition through a unique culture and real life portrait experience. This paper analyses the dilemma of “Jakarta Hidden Tour” which is claimed as a poor exhibition while in another hand tries to offer a new design and approach of pro-poor tourism by utilizing thematic Kampong development with local culture excellences as such “Green Slum Kampong in Ciliwung river”, or “Sailor Slum Kampong in North Jakarta”. Key learn from Brazil with slum kampong tourism in Santa Marta is a motivation for government to live a recognition, that like any other global/industrial policies, tourism is highly driven by political interest. By conducting a system thinking perspective base, this paper analyses how “Jakarta Hidden Tour” and government’s supporting policy will ensure eco-cultural pro-poor tourism development and how stakeholders as a system’s element need to uphold poverty alleviation towards sustainability
Importance of Video Aids’ Usage in Teaching and Learning Process of English Language Classes
Authors: Vrapi Eriselda , Zekaj Xhevdet
Published: July 2017

This study aims to explore the use of video in English language teaching (ELT) elementary school (grades 8 to 9)... In addition, the thesis aims to find out how videos in English lessons helped to achieve the goals of English curriculum. The main hypothesis was that teaching with video would develop pupils’ communicative skills and, therefore, was appropriate for the communicative approach to ELT. The study addressed five research questions regarding the use of videos in English lessons in the case study school: why the teachers used videos in ELT, what kinds of videos were used in English lessons, how and how often videos were used, what was taught and learned through the use of videos and, finally, what the teachers’ and pupils’ attitudes to lessons with videos were. The research was performed as a case study at an Elbasan elementary school. The data for the research was obtained through the use of mixed methods: qualitative, in the form of interviews with four English teachers and observations of three of the interviewed teachers’ lessons with videos, and quantitative, in the form of a pupil questionnaire answered by 105 pupils from two 8th grade and two 9th grade classes.
Public Spaces in the Focus of Citizen’s Right - Case Study – Urban Spaces Tirana
Authors: Guri Sazan
Published: July 2017

Syndrome of built environment and civil perception. The article pays attention to solving the problems of natural environments, as well as altered and/or artificial ones taking Tirana as a case study. It reviews the application of practical solutions to everyday problems of environment, where theory, research and application are integrated, but mostly using their unification as the eclectic model in order to show the interaction between man and environment. The article reviews the way we are a product of our environment, our biology or the interaction of both. It shares the way we are affected by physical environment, such as noise and built environment. In addition, it also examines the way we may modify our environment through design principles, such as aesthetics, and the way we change our environment, when we disregard the impact that people and/or elements have in our ecological system. It provides ideas on the impact of micro and macro-environment of Tirana metropolis, including their short-term and long-term effects. Firstly, a historical context is provided and central methods of discipline research are presented. Then, its is presented the position of environment in Tirana, the values, ethics and principles that apply to environmental assessment, models of perception and knowledge, including the way we process and maintain environmental information, and the main theories of man-environment interaction. Then, a variety of environmental impacts, such as: noise, urban design, urban construction (including pollution effects), collection (overpopulation) and city life are examined, as well as the way they influence us. In the end, considerations are given on the way that these principles of psychology may be applied at home, in institutions (i.e. schools), at work and at leisure premises, by concluding with the concepts of the way we may change our attitude which harms environment[1].
Pharmaceutical Uses of Chitosan in the Medical Field
Authors: Mustafa Alef , Cadar Emin
Published: July 2017

Two of the considerably versatile and promising biomaterials are chitin and chitosan. Chitin is known to be the most abundant natural amino mucopolysaccharide, produced annually almost as much as cellulose, and it is found in the structure of a wide number of intervertebrates ( crustaceans’ exoskeleton, insects’ cuticles) functioning as a structural component that provides strenght and protection to the organisms, and the cell walls of fungi, among others. On the other hand, chitosan only occurs naturally in some fungi (mucoraceae). The composition of chitin is based on ?(1à4)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-?-D-glucose (N-acetylglucosamine). Due to their natural origin, both chitin and chitosan are defined as a family of polymers which present a high variability in their chemical and biological properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesion, anticholesterolemic, antitumoral, hemostatic and antimicrobial effect. These characteristics of chitin and chitosan have a major influence on the their properties and depending on the DD (degree of dezacetilation) and Mw (molecular weight), they are used in a variety of medical applications such ascosmetics, artificial skin, wound-dressings, water engeneering, opthalmology, drug-delivery system. The aim of this review is to highlight the physicochemical properties of chitin and chitosan used in the wound healing process.It is known that in the last years, the number of pacients suffering from wounds and burns difficult to treat and heal has increased. During the wound healing process, the dressing protects the injury and contributes to the recovery of dermal and epidermal tissues. Due to their high biocompatibility, biodegradability and similarity to the human body macromolecules these natural polysacharides (chitin and chitosan) are extensively used in wounds and burns management.
The Patient – The Most Important Point of Medical System
Authors: Paris Stelian , Sîrbu Rodica , Cadar Emin , Tomescu Aneta , Erimia Cristina Luiza
Published: July 2017

The patient status is the main concern of doctors and the entire health system. The present paper shows more issues starting from the quality of a healthcare consumer and reaching patient behavior induced by the disease.
European Patients' Rights to Be Protected Against Counterfeit Medicines
Authors: Erimia Cristina Luiza , Sîrbu Rodica , Cazacincu Radu George , Cadar Emin , Tomescu Aneta , Paris Stelian
Published: July 2017

Because the falsification of medicines is a global problem, requires increased and effective international coordination and cooperation to ensure the effectiveness of the strategies to combat counterfeiting, especially in relation to the sale of such products on the Internet. In the context of people’s health and life rank foremost among the values and interests protected by the TFEU, this article examines the evolution of the legislative process regulating the internal market for medicinal products in order to ensure a high level of protection of public health against falsified medicines and to present the legislative initiatives that have been taken at EU level taking account of new risk profiles, measures meant to ensure, at the same time, the functioning of the internal market of medicinal products. However, this article aims to address consumers’ right to have access to safe, effective, quality and innovative medicinal products as a right of the European patient. Ensuring the free movement of medicinal products on the EU market must not violate or restrict this fundamental right of thepatient.The threat that falsified medicines pose to public health is also recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), which has established the International Medical Products Anti-Counterfeiting Taskforce ("IMPACT").IMPACT has developed the Principles and Elements for National Legislation against Counterfeit Medical Products, which were endorsed by the IMPACT General Meeting in Lisbon on 12 December 2007.
Self Presentation of Communist Albania Through the Antagonist Discourse
Authors: Muka Romira
Published: July 2017

Given the fact that totalitarian systems use the media as the most powerful tool to produce and disseminate the ideology, the text of this paper is the printed press of that period. I especially selected the journal Zëri i Popullit (Voice of People), as it was the main representative press organ of Communist Party which would later become the Labor Party. Understanding the past discourses paves the ground for understanding their continuity or their change during the new systems of governance as it will be after 1990's in Albania. The methodology of this paper is Critical Discourse Analyze. I will use Critical Discourse Analyze at the same time as theory for this study. Since the totalitarian system ruled Albania during that period, the study will be focused on analyzing the hegemonic discourse, seeing antagonism as the basic form of power’s self presentation. Also to understand the key moments of self presentation I have selected the articles during the national holidays such as 1st of May the Labor Day 28th of November the Independence Day and 29th of November the Liberation Day. The articles of press during national holidays are selected as key data, because these dates have always been important to deliver messages. This paper aims to establish discursive categories seeing antagonism as main feature of power legitimacy. Based on this argument the research question of this paper is; which are the elements used by printed press for its self presentation to legitimize the power?
Migration as an Early European Reality
Authors: Gjipali Dorina
Published: July 2017

The contemporary phenomenon of migration has already reached global dimensions and differs from the early migrations for the reasons as well as for the course of migration flows. This article aims to provide an overview of the historical evolution that has characterized migration in the European Continent. Passing in different historical stages it explains how Europe as a place of migrant’s departure returns into migration destination. Migration occurs for many different reasons. An analysis of the reasons explains the value that they have been throughout history and how the motives that push entire populations to migrate are the deep needs, fear of war, fear of persecution, torture, till to the desire to improve the social status and the living conditions. And so that migration is not a simply free choice but a necessity. The fact that migration is a constant presence in our society, an ever-evolving phenomenon and that directly affects our societies, have been working impetus to this article.
Chitosan Applications Used in Medical Therapy of Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Mustafa Alef , Ionescu Ana Maria , Cherim Melat , Sîrbu Rodica
Published: July 2017

Chitosan is an unique natural biopolymer that has great potential in tissue engineering applications and over the past several decades, it has emerged as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications. Due to its various properties such as controllable biodegradability, biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity and functionalizability, chitosan can be used to form chitosan-based scaffolds and in different scaffold fabrication techniques. Over the years a great number of studies have been performed to evaluate the cytocompatibility of chitosan using a variety off cell types such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, nucleus pulposus cells, neutral and endothelial cells. It was shown that chitosan is biocompatible with these cell types and has the potential to be used for bone, cartilage, skin, intervertebral disc, ligament and tendon, and nerve and vascular tissue engineering. The flexibility of the processing conditions of chitosan aids in the fabrication of versatile substrates as scaffolds for tissue regeneration or carriers for biological molecules. It is critical to synthesize medical grade chitosan materials with controllable structure and properties that will allow the development of chitosan-based medical devices and it is beneficial to chemically design chitosan derivatives with molecular and biological specificity through bulk material modification. Despite all the challenges, chitosan holds great promise as a biomaterial for developing medical products and medical therapies.
Homogenization and Mass Identity vs. Individual Identity. An Analysis in the Light of the Theory of “The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense
Authors: Aparicio Miriam
Published: July 2017

This study tests some hypotheses included in the psycho-social-communicational paradigm, which emphasizes the cognitive effects of the media and the role of the psychosocial subject as the recipient
Microbiological Comparison of Royal Jelly and Chlorhexidine 0.2%
Authors: Meto Aida , Meto Agron , Xhajanka Edit
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the antibacterial property of royal jelly and chlorhexidine 0.2%. As a methodology, in our study, we used piastres in blood agar, where the holes in the agar field were made through a glass pipette, sterile "Paster", in a diameter of 7 mm. Used a bacterial culture of Streptococcus gr. D (Enterococcus faecalis) in a concentration of 105, which was distributed in sterile condition, using a sterile tampon, according to the method of diffusion in agar. As a result, we used a ruler for the measurement of inhibition areas: -in the royal jelly’s hole, the radius of inhibition resulted 14 mm, -in the chlorhexidine’s hole, the radius of inhibition resulted 20 mm. Based on the results obtained from our study, presented facts to use the royal jelly and chlorhexidine 0.2% in the dental practice. As a conclusion, we can say that the royal jelly contains important elements with antibacterial action compared to the chlorhexidine one.
Why Do Albania Doctors Migrate?
Authors: Koduzi Gazment , Kongjonaj Ardita , Lazarevik Vladimir
Published: July 2017

Migration has become a very topical political and economic concern over the past few years, with particular reference to human migration from developing countries to more developed countries. Health workforce migration from the countries in Western Balkans, especially from Albania to more developed countries is increasing during the past few years according to official statement of medical associations. So, last three years 400 doctors have asked for certificate of “Good standing” in order to apply for a job abroad. Thus, the migration of healthcare personnel in Albania is becoming a phenomenon that might risk the stability of the healthcare system with its upgrading intensity. It also contributes to lowering the quality of services rendered and at the same time reduces the necessary transfer of knowledge to the younger generations. Quantitative research performed during 2014, outlines and frames the problems and causes for the migration in five basic categories: economic, professional, political, personal and social factors for migration, including questions concerning the index of satisfaction for the profession. In order to respond to the objective of the study, doctors were invited by email to fill online the questionnaire in Survey Monkey webpage. The aim of this paper is to understand the “push” factors which affect the mobility of Albanian healthcare personnel. The needs for higher income, living and working conditions are the main causes of the expansive trend of migration of healthcare workers from Albania in the past several years. Still, the reasons behind migration of health workforce are multifold, ranging from economic and professional, to political and personal factors. The lack of job satisfaction and possibilities for further education and career development, poor working conditions, political pressure, the exposure to verbal and physical violence, are also the factors that stimulate the migration.
Implementation of U.S. Immigration Policies
Authors: Gündal Burçak , Öztekin Sıddıka
Published: July 2017

Immigration and refugees are sets of global flows of people who are seeking information, technology, economic stability, and military, political, and social asylum. Immigrants and refugees, which is one of the categories of migrants, represent only one of many global exchanges in an increasingly independent world. As the number of immigrants increases, the national, demographic, and socio-economic composition of the foreign residents in a host country are impacted by the immigration and immigrant policies of the receiving country. Immigration is inseparably part of the American national identity and always will be, and the United States would not continue to grow without immigration. In setting immigration policy in the United States, policymakers must be sensitive to both the U.S. vulnerabilities and the effects of American policies on the countries of origin. Since the post 9/11 period in the United States, immigration, immigration policy and implementation have been debated issues. Especially after Donald Trump was elected, the debate about migrants and immigration issues has increased even more. The purpose of this study is to show the development of immigration in American history, the positive and negative effects of immigrants on American economy and social life, and the question of the effects of social inclusion policies on the immigrant problem.
Bureaucratic Dominance in European Higher Agricultural Education
Authors: Flores Emmanuel Soriano
Published: July 2017

The present research work is a project of doctoral thesis of correlational type. The main objective was to demonstrate the relationship between the university bureaucracy of European Agricultural Education as a sociological phenomenon of the domain of domination according to Weber, particulary the Escuela Superior de Agricultura de Barcelona (ESAB) of the Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC) in Spain and its impact on organizational performance, as a reference and example for mexican agricultural education, particularly the Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (UACh). The results of the research validate the hypothesis: a better bureaucratic management in the context of the Spanish Higher Agricultural Education (SHAE), particularly the ESAB of the UPC, better organizational performance. Some research findings are that: students appreciate more characteristics of a leader related to legal domination, compared to traditional and charismatic; show a clear rejection towards the charismatic domination, when of politics and government is treated; validate more the practices of legal domination, compared to traditional or charismatic, when of choice of positions in the university is concerned; they reject more the bad practices related to the charismatic domination, than those related to the legal or traditional domination; and value respect, as a representative value of legal domination, in comparison with other values, such as loyalty and humility, related to traditional and charismatic domination respectively.
Friendship, Dreaming and Invention as a path to Maturation shown in the novel “Clever Inventors” by Violeta Martinovska
Authors: Denkova Jovanka
Published: July 2017

In this paper is processed topic of adolescence shown in the novel 'Clever inventors' time as a transition from one stage of life, a time of research, impatience, ingenuity, curiosity, looking for something new and unique so far unknown to the children of Magyar neighborhood. Adolescence is the period when the young man begins to mature in their own way, live in their own world, each of them individually accept this time and knows how to passes through it. Amongst novel “Umnite izmisluvaci” (“Smart inventors”) by Violeta Martinovska childhood and adolescence are nailed together, they are complementing and rely. Childhood in persons does not stop, it takes until they dream and feel like children. Children's spirit is present everywhere in the novel, child temperament, but the child maturity is one that leaves a great impression on the reader. In no case is emphasized children's game that will leave irreparable damage, inventors really succeed with their imagination and restless spirit to reach out to the reader and to present the real environment in which they live.
Maritime English Language – General Features
Authors: Pejaković Sanela Kovačević
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to point out at the real role of English for specific purposes and its importance for the development of modern society (where English for specific purposes is accepted as the international language) and that the essential characteristics of English of maritime profession - as simultaneously creative and limited professional language are clearly and accurately defined. Under the linguistic creativity is primarily implied the ability of any natural language to create from a limited resource of linguistic units an unlimited number of linguistic units at all levels- the phonetic, phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactic and semantic level. Thus, limitation of linguistic units accompanied by linguistic unlimited creativity allows linguistic functionality, respectively the ability of language to respond to all challenges of civilization, man and society. With its creativity language transcends all boundaries and is ready to respond to any new accomplishment, invention or appearance of the modern age.