bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O PRINCÍPIO DA LEGALIDADE PENAL: UMA RELEITURA INEVITÁVEL QUANTO À SUA VERTENTE DA LEI CERTA
Authors: Mendonça Jorge André de Carvalho
Published: November 2020

No Brasil geralmente nós somos ensinados que a lei penal deve ser certa, porque isso é uma das exigências do princípio da legalidade. Mas nos perguntamos se o legislador é realmente capaz de prever regras precisas, suficientes para resolver de forma clara todos os problemas que surjam no futuro. Para responder à questão, apresentamos uma forma particular de ver a relação entre o civil law a lei, afirmamos que a certeza do texto penal é um mito a ser reestudado e sustentamos não ser possível que os magistrados criminais se limitem a aplicar o direito, possuindo função criativa mesmo no sistema de justiça criminal. Finalmente, concluímos que a imprecisão inerente à linguagem deve ser reduzida pela teoria dos precedentes obrigatórios, não pela cobrança ao legislador por algo que ele não é capaz de oferecer.
A rhetorical perspective on youth environmental activism
Authors: Feldman Hannah R.
Published: November 2020

As “alternative” [Maeseele, 2009] science communicators, young people (of pre-voting age) have an important role to play in the climate communication arena. Youth have access to rhetorical resources associated with evidence-based and emotional appeals. However, they are challenged by political, media and public entities on their ability to effectively engage with politicised scientific issues. Their credibility and authority to speak on climate issues are challenged. This piece takes a rhetorical lens to a current youth climate change advocacy case study, the ‘School Strike for Climate’. I argue that Australian youth are criticised for being politically inexperienced in attempts to silence them from speaking out about Australian climate change policy. Implications for science communicators working in the climate change space, and the ‘Strike’ participants themselves are discussed.
Pedagogical Praxis: Muslim-Filipino Madrasah Teachers’ Conceptuality of Instructional Process
Authors: Sali Abdul Haiy A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze the conceptuality of Muslim-Filipino Madrasah teachers or the Asatidz on instructional processes anchored in their pedagogical praxis. This study employed a qualitative research design using a transcendental phenomenological approach. In-depth interviews were initiated to understand the essence of the participants’ lived experiences. The author used purposive sampling with five research participants who implement the Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education program in selected schools in the Philippines. There were four major themes identified in the study: pedagogical amalgamation of traditional and non-traditional teaching practices; collaborative learning practices; effective classroom management; and reflective practice in teaching. The results of the study provide a clear description of Madrasah teachers’ conceptualization of instructional processes especially in teaching and learning. However, the study is limited to five selected Asatidz. These results may be useful in guiding education stakeholders in evidence-based policymaking particularly, in the field of teacher development, which seeks to create comprehensive and well-thought pedagogical programs for the Asatidz. These programs should better suit and complement Madrasah teachers’ pedagogical needs anchored to their pedagogical praxis. The results provide baseline data for instructional and educational enrichment among Filipino Madrasah teachers.
How do Principals of High Performing Schools Achieve Sustained Improvement Results?
Authors: Peddell Lewes , Lynch David , Waters Richard , Boyd Wendy , Willis Royce
Published: November 2020

Education systems across the globe have enacted national testing regimes to monitor and report student achievement progress as an outcome of teaching performance. This paper reports on an investigation of strategies that Principals of high achieving schools use to achieve school results, based on NAPLAN reports (the National Assessment Program in Australia) and interpreted via the Alignment, Capability and Engagement (ACE) model of organisational readiness. Our findings identified specific Principal behaviours, actions and attitudes as necessary for effective school-wide improvement programs, as well as the existence of commonly shared strategies and approaches that help to explain why these particular Principals have been successful in their pursuit of school improvement. These include a shared vision for improvement, use of data-driven decision making, and building positive, “transparent” relationships to encourage teacher buy-in. Importantly, these findings identified “organisational readiness”, a foundational principle of the ACE model, as a fundamental requisite to effective school improvement.
Synergistic community responses of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to extreme droughts in a cold-temperate grassland
Authors: Fu Wei , Chen Baodong , Rillig Matthias , Ma Wang , Xu Chong , Luo Wentao , Wu Honghui , Hao Zhipeng , Wu Hui , Zhao Aihua , Yu Qiang , Han Xingguo
Published: November 2020

Mutualistic associations between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)
fungi may have profound influences on their response to climate changes.
Existing theories evaluate the effects of interdependency and
environmental filtering on plant-AM fungal community dynamics
separately; however, abrupt environmental changes such as climate
extremes can provoke duo-impacts on the metacommunity simultaneously.
Here, we experimentally tested the relevance of plant and AM fungal
community responses to extreme drought (chronic or intense) in a cold
temperate grassland. Irrespective of drought intensities, plant species
richness and productivity responses were significantly and positively
correlated with AM fungal richness and also served as best predictors of
AM fungal community shifts. Notably, the robustness of this community
synergism increased with drought intensity, likely reflecting increased
community interdependence. Network analysis showed a key role of
Glomerales in AM fungal interaction with plants, suggesting specific
plant-AM fungal pairing. Thus, community interdependence may underpin
climate change impact on plant-AM fungal diversity patterns in
grasslands.
Respiratory syncytial virus and airway microbiota -- A complex interplay and its reflection on morbidity
Authors: Rossi Giovanni , Ballarini Stefania , Silvestri Michela , Sacco Oliviero , Colin Andrew
Published: November 2020

The immunopathology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, the
most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in the
pediatric population, with severe disease being the exception. The
variability of the clinical presentation is incompletely explained by
host, viral and environmental factors but, in infants and young
children, disease severity is certainly linked to the physiological
immune immaturity. There is evidence that the maturation of the host
immune response is, at least in part, promoted by the composition of the
nasopharyngeal microbiome that, modulating excessive inflammation, can
counteract the predisposition to develop viral respiratory infections
and lower the risk of disease severity. However, interaction between the
nasopharyngeal microbiota and respiratory viruses can be bidirectional.
Microbial dysbiosis can drive disease pathogenesis but may also
represents a reflection of the disease-induced alterations of the local
milieu. Moreover, viruses like RSV, can also increase the virulence of
potential pathogens in nasopharynx, which is a main reservoir of
bacteria, and therefore promote their spread to the lower airways
causing superinfection. Negative changes in microbial community
composition in early life may constitute a heightened risk towards
severe RSV respiratory infection and bacterial superinfection, whilst
specific groups of microorganisms can be associated with protection. A
better understanding into the potential negative and positive role of
the different nasopharyngeal bacterial species in disease prevention as
well as into the possible benefits of microbiome therapeutic
manipulation, may improve patient outcomes.
Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland: a forgotten diagnosis about a case!
Authors: BENAISSA ELMOSTAFA , BAHALOU MOHAMED HABIB , SAFI YASSINE , BSAIBISS FATNA , BENLAHLOU YASSINE , CHADLI MARIAMA , MALEB ADIL , ELOUENNASS MOSTAFA
Published: November 2020

Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland is rare even in endemic
countries. the clinical manifestations are polymorphic and non-specific.
it is important for clinicians to be aware of this pathology.
Complicated delivery in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome on Coronavirus disease 2019 infection
Authors: Bikfalvi Alexis , Dabetic Aleksandar , Robertson Moira
Published: November 2020

A 39-year-old parturient contracted COVID-19 at 28 weeks of gestation
and later developed ARDS requiring emergent caesarean section,
intubation and 11 days of invasive ventilation. Her infant also required
intubation due to hyaline membrane disease, he was not infected by
COVID-19. Both evolved well and could return home.
Vertical variations of soil moisture in response to vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Qiu dexun , Gao Peng , Mu Xingmin , ZHao Baili
Published: November 2020

Soil moisture is essential for vegetation restoration in arid and
semi-arid regions. Ascertaining the vertical distribution and
transportation of soil moisture under different vegetation restoration
types has a profound impact on the ecological construction. In this
study, the soil moisture at a depth of 500 cm for four typical
vegetation types, including R. pseudoacacia (forestland), C. korshinskii
(shrubland), S. bungeana (abandoned land), and corn (cropland) were
investigated and compared in the Zhifanggou watershed of Loess plateau,
China. Additionally, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes were detected
to identify and reflect the characteristics of soil water. The results
showed vertical distribution and transportation of soil moisture have
different variations under different vegetation types. Depth-averaged
soil moisture under S. bungeana and corn increased along the profile as
a whole, while C. korshinskii and R. pseudoacacia showing a trend of
weakly increasing and relatively stable state after an obvious
decreasing trend (0–40 cm). The mean soil moisture under R.
pseudoacacia is lower than other types, especially in deeper layers. In
addition, it was observed that the longer vegetation age, the lower mean
soil moisture, while this phenomenon was unobvious in S. bungeana.
Planting arbor species such as R. pseudoacacia intensified the decline
of soil moisture in the Loess Plateau, this limited the growth of arbor
species in turn. The capacity of evaporation fractionation of soil
moisture followed the sequence: corn > S. bungeana
> R. pseudoacacia > C. korshinskii. Profiles
of δ18O values of soil moisture under different vegetation types are
quite different. On the whole, the δ18O values varied greatly in upper
soil layers and tend to be consistent with the increase of soil depth.
We estimate that piston flow is the main mode of precipitation
infiltration, and the occurrence of preferential flow is related to
vegetation types. These results are expected to help improve the
understanding of the response of deep soil moisture to vegetation
restoration and inform practices for sustainable water management.
A Preliminary Study of Tinnitus Subgroups based on Self-reported Presbyacusis and Noise Induced Hearing Loss
Authors: Wang Yu , Pan Tao , Tyler Richard
Published: November 2020

Objective: To compare some characteristics of two subgroups of tinnitus,
noise-induced tinnitus and age-related tinnitus. Design: An online
survey from the Iowa Tinnitus Website was reviewed. The participants
were divided into two subgroups according to their reported cause of
tinnitus—noise or aging. Their answers to the questions about
loudness, qualities, worsening and reducing factors of tinnitus were
analyzed. Study sample: There were 16 patients of age-related tinnitus
and 147 of noise-induced tinnitus. Results: Two groups did not differ
significantly in loudness (U = 887.5, p > 0.05), qualities
(X2 = 1.164, p > 0.05) or reducing factors (X2 = 1.984, p
> 0.05). Ringing/whistling was the most common quality of
both age-related (37.5%) and noise-induced tinnitus (51.7%). 42.9% of
participants of noise-induced tinnitus and 31.3% of age-related
tinnitus felt that nothing made tinnitus better. The main worsening
factors for noise-induced tinnitus included being in a noisy place
(44.2%) and lack of sleep (42.9%) , which differed from the
age-related group (X2 = 6.169, p < 0.05). Conclusions: There
was a great deal of overlap between two subgroups, with some differences
in worsening factors, including noise environment and lack of sleep.
This is an important ‘red flag’ in counseling, and should be considered
by doctors when choosing therapy.
Is this artificial intelligence?
Authors: Devedzic Vladan
Published: November 2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most frequently used
terms in the technical jargon (and often in not-so-technical jargon). Recent
advancements in the field of AI have certainly contributed to the AI hype,
and so have numerous applications and results of using AI technology in
practice. Still, just like with any other hype, the AI hype has its
controversies. This paper critically examines developments in the field of
AI from multiple perspectives - research, technological, social and
pragmatic. Part of the controversies of the AI hype stem from the fact that
people use the term AI differently, often without a deep understanding of
the wider context in which AI as a field has been developing since its
inception in Mid 1950s.
Higher-order structural constraints for improved optimization of nonuniform helical antennas
Authors: Innes Graeme
Published: November 2020

The objective is to improve the linear constraints for optimizing the helical
structure (radius and pitch of the conductor winding) of nonuniform helical
antennas for desired characteristics such as signal gain or bandwidth.
Presented below are equations that allow various higher-order structural
constraints to be used in such optimizations. Their efficacy is demonstrated
by analogy, using data for a fully optimized Yagi-Uda antenna, before being
applied to data available for helical designs. The comparisons confirm the
general validity of the higher-order equations to model some of the most
advanced antennas produced to date. A simple calculus-of-variations test
confirms that an improved optimization is possible by adding curvature terms
to previously published linear constraints.
Computation of per-unit-length internal impedance of a multilayer cylindrical conductor with possible dielectric layers
Authors: Lovric Dino , Vujevic Slavko , Krolo Ivan
Published: November 2020

In this manuscript, a novel method for computation of per-unit-length
internal impedance of a cylindrical multilayer conductor with conductive and
dielectric layers is presented in detail. In addition to this, formulas for
computation of electric and magnetic field distribution throughout the
entire multilayer conductor (including dielectric layers) have been derived.
The presented formulas for electric and magnetic field in conductive layers
have been directly derived from Maxwell equations using modified Bessel
functions. However, electric and magnetic field in dielectric layers has
been computed indirectly from the electric and magnetic fields in contiguous
conductive layers which reduces the total number of unknowns in the system
of equations. Displacement currents have been disregarded in both conductive
and dielectric layers. This is justifiable if the conductive layers are good
conductors. The validity of introducing these approximations is tested in
the paper versus a model that takes into account displacement currents in
all types of layers.
Distributed multi-hop routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Zanjireh Morteza , Gadban Jaafar
Published: November 2020

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), routing is the process of finding a
cost effective route in terms of power consumption. As an evaluation
criterion for the WSN performance, network lifetime is directly affected by
the routing method. In a wide variety of WSNs, different techniques are used
as routing methods, such as shortest distance path. In this paper, we
propose a novel algorithm, optimizing power consumption in WSN nodes, based
on the shortest path algorithm. In this approach, the energy level of nodes
and their geographical distance from each other contribute to the weight of
the connecting path. The proposed algorithm is used as a data dissemination
method in WSNs with randomly scattered nodes. We also apply Dijkstra?s
shortest path algorithm to the same networks. The results showed that the
proposed algorithm increases the network lifetime up to 30 % by preventing
nodes with low charge levels from early disconnection.
A new anomalous text detection approach using unsupervised methods
Authors: Amouee Elham , Zanjireh Morteza , Bahaghighat Mahdi , Ghorbani Mohsen
Published: November 2020

Increasing size of text data in databases requires appropriate classification
and analysis in order to acquire knowledge and improve the quality of
decision-making in organizations. The process of discovering the hidden
patterns in the data set, called data mining, requires access to quality
data in order to receive a valid response from the system. Detecting and
removing anomalous data is one of the pre-processing steps and cleaning data
in this process. Methods for anomalous data detection are generally
classified into three groups including supervised, semi-supervised, and
unsupervised. This research tried to offer an unsupervised approach for
spotting the anomalous data in text collections. In the proposed method, a
combination of two approaches (i.e., clustering-based and distance-based) is
used for detecting anomaly in the text data. In order to evaluate the
efficiency of the proposed approach, this method is applied on four labeled
data sets. The accuracy of Na?ve Bayes classification algorithms and
decision tree are compared before and after removal of anomalous data with
the proposed method and some other methods such as Density-based spatial
clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN). Our proposed method shows
that accuracy of more than 92.39% can be achieved. In general, the results
revealed that in most cases the proposed method has a good performance.
A review of real time smart systems developed at University of Nis
Authors: Dankovic Danijel , Djordjevic Milos
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the bibliographic review of smart systems implemented so
far and their application. Also this paper is dedicated to new smart mobile
system developed for monitoring microclimatic parameters. This system is
primarily intended for monitoring real-time microclimatic parameters, such
as air quality where the presence of carbon monoxide (CO) is monitored, as
well as other microclimatic parameters. The mobile system which will be
described in this manuscript can be installed in public transport (to obtain
information on microclimatic parameters on a known route). Also, to obtain
information on microclimatic parameters from a random route, it is possible
to install the system in a taxi vehicle. This system provides the ability to
generate a map using the data provided by the system based on GPS
coordinates. The system is based on a group of embedded sensors, GPS module,
PIC microcontroller as a core and server system, and wireless internet using
Global System for Mobile Telecommunications (GSM) module with General Packet
Radio Service (GPRS) as a communication protocol.
Thermal infrared characteristics of rock strata fracture in steeply inclined and extra thick coal seam
Authors: Yang Yan-Bin , Cui Feng
Published: November 2020

In view of the complexity of the rules of rock strata fracture in steeply
inclined and extra thick coal seam, the mining method of horizontal section
top coal caving was put forward. In this paper, the physical similarity
simulation model is established to analyze the movement rules of rock
strata. The relationship between the form of rock strata fracture and the
thermal infrared radiation is analyzed according to studying the
characteristics of the thermal infrared radiation temperature of the rock
strata fracture. Meanwhile, the changes characteristics of abnormal area of
thermal infrared radiation were mastered, and the precursors of thermal
infrared radiation of rock strata fracture were predicted. The results
showed that the rock strata fracture form of steeply inclined and extra
thick coal seam is related to the mining depth.
Effect of acid-base corrosion on the tensile strength of shale under different temperature
Authors: Liang Xin , Hou Peng , Zhai Ya-Yu , Jiao Xuan-Ye
Published: November 2020

In this study, we mainly investigate the impact of the acid-base corrosion on
the tensile strength of the shale under different concentration and water
bath temperature of acid-base solutions. Based on the X-ray diffractometry,
the SEM and Brazilian splitting tests, the changes of the composition,
macro-surface morphology, micro-structure and tensile strength of shale
before and after acid-base corrosion are systematically analyzed. The
results show that acid-base corrosion would cause chemical damage to shale
as a result of the removal of the high hardness minerals and the generation
of the dissolved pores and microfractures, resulting in the reduction in its
tensile strength. Meanwhile, higher concentration and water bath temperature
can promote acid- or alkali-shale interactions and increase the weakening
degree of the shale tensile strength.
A comparative analysis of the efficacy of moxifloxacin and cefixime in the reduction of postoperative inflammatory sequelae after mandibular third molar surgery
Authors: Stosic Branimir , Sarcev Ivan , Mirkovic Sinisa , Bajkin Branislav , Soldatovic Ivan
Published: November 2020

Background/Aim. There is no scientific evidence that the prophylactic use of antibiotics as a part of the mandibular third molar surgery is effective in suppressing postoperative pain, edema, trismus, and dry socket. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone (moxifloxacin) and cephalosporin (cefixime) groups in reducing postoperative inflammatory sequelae (pain, edema, and trismus), as well as in possibly reducing the incidence of dry socket after mandibular third molar surgery. Methods. This double-blind study was completed by 157 subjects, comprising two study groups (who received the aforementioned antibiotics) and a control group, who received placebo tablets. Subjects were assessed on the first, second, and seventh day following surgery. In the postoperative course, patients were monitored for the occurrence, intensity, and duration of postoperative inflammatory sequelae and dry socket. Results. Both antibiotics, especially moxifloxacin, had a pronounced effect on reducing all inflammatory sequelae (pain, edema, and trismus) as the most common postoperative complaints following mandibular third molar surgery, and also contributed to reducing the incidence of dry socket. Conclusion. Antibiotic prophylaxis with cefixime and, especially moxifloxacin, reduced the occurrence of postoperative inflammatory sequelae and alleviated discomfort. It is interesting, that both antibiotics, especially moxifloxacin, also contributed to reducing the incidence of postoperative dry socket, which is not provoked by inflammation. Therefore, further research into the underlying mechanisms behind such an effect is warranted.
COVID-19 in Southeast Asia Problems and Solutions
Authors: Rogozhin A. A. , Rogozhina N. G.
Published: November 2020

The countries of Southeast Asia, like the rest of the world, have suffered substantial damage from the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, which is assessed not only in human losses, but also in significant economic and political costs. Their assessment is the main object of the article, in which the authors made an attempt to analyze the response of the countries of Southeast Asia to the emerging epidemiological threat, underscoring both general and specific in their approaches to the implementation of anti- epidemiological and adaptation measures. It is not possible to draw a single picture of the COVID-19 in the region, since the countries of Southeast Asia differ from each other both in the number of confirmed cases of infected and dead persons and in the approach to managing the pandemic. The adoption by the country of one or another set of restrictive sanitary meas ures is dictated by the severity of the epidemiological situation, economic and political interests. Evaluation of the effectiveness of actions taken to manage the pandemic and its consequences testifies, according to the authors, that the best results were shown by countries that, firstly, took proactive measures, and secondly, demonstrated the coherence of the work of all levels of government system and transparency in the provision of information thirdly, they were able to win the confidence of the population in the fight against the pandemic, which has resulted in human sacrifice and amendments to the country’s political governance and its economic development. The political consequence of COVID-19 has been the strengthening of authoritarian tendencies in governance in several Southeast Asian countries with the consequences to the weakening of the opposition and curtailment of civil liberties. The authors concluded that the pandemic has exposed the weakness of the government administration system in a crisis, which supports the analysis of the measures taken to minimize the economic consequences of the pandemic. The article assesses the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the economies of Southeast Asia and promises government policies to support its hardest hit sectors and populations. The authors concluded that today it is not possible to assess the entire scale of the losses incurred, as well as the measures taken to minimize them. But it is evident that the pandemic has become a challenge for governments and a test of their ability to govern a country in a crisis.
Human Rights in a Pandemic
Authors: Zhebit A.
Published: November 2020

The article is focused on the problem of human rights (HRs), limited or derogated from, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. While addressing some HRs limitations, derogations and even abuses, and their consequent problems, the aim is to try to analyze policy, social, moral and personal dilemmas of HRs restrictions as well as motivations behind the types of public and social behavior, in the course of the pandemic, in response to the public measures of sanitation, social distancing and confinement, travel restrictions and social assistance, recommended by the WHO and selectively followed by governments. Learning from some old experience and deriving new lessons from the pandemic, as well as from public and social actions and reactions, the purpose of the present article is to assess whether or not public health policies in this context, implemented nationally or internationally, can promote change in the HRs paradigm in the face of the existing dilemmas and dichotomies in HRs, aggravated by the pandemic. The conclusion is that the extant HRs paradigm should be redefined to address better the political, social, economic, environmental and, especially, existential exigencies of “rainy times”, thus leading to the creation of a new universal HRs code or to harmonizing the existing one.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UJI BIOMASSA UNTUK MENGETAHUI EMISI GAS BUANG SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: Santosa Aa , Suci Farradina Choria
Published: November 2020

Terdapat alat yang diperlukan agar mampu memberikan informasi mengenai karakteristik dari emisi gas buang pada pembakaran biomassa sehingga bisa menentukan jenis kayu yang paling efektif untuk digunakan sebagai bentuk energy alternative dan terbarukan terbarukan. Pada kajian ini dirancang dan dibuat sebuah alat untuk memberikan informasi emisi gas buang kayu, yaitu sebuah tungku (furcane) dengan menggunakan material semen tahan api untuk ruang bakar yang dilapisi bata tahan api, dan casing plat baja sebagai isolator. Tungku dilengkapi tambahan komponen kipas pada pintu depan untuk membantu mengalirkan udara saat pembakaran langsung dan sensor gas analyzer untuk mendapatkan data emisi gas buang yang dipasang pada saluran keluar udara. Tungku (furnace) yang dibuat mampu mencapai suhu 800oC dari temperatur 32oC dalam waktu 360 menit. Pengujian dilakukan untuk melihat karakteristik emisi gas buang dengan menggunakan jenis kayu Mahoni, Nangka dan Jati, karena jenis kayu ini banyak sekali tumbuh di Indonesia. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kayu Mahoni memiliki kadar air 12,24 %, kadar zat terbang 83,5 %, kadar abu 0,57 %, dan kadar karbon terikat 3,69 %. Kayu Nangka memiliki kadar air 13,34 %, kadar zat terbang 82,5 %, kadar abu 0,25 %, dan kadar karbon terikat 3,64 %. Kayu Jati memiliki kadar air 42,22 %, kadar zat terbang 71,6 %, kadar abu 0,35 %, dan kadar karbon terikat 3,71 %. Berdasarkan pengujian ini, didapatkan bahwa kayu Mahoni ini mudah menyala jika dibakar, dengan kadar air paling sedikit dihasilkan.
Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Management of Chronic Endometritis Treatment in Women with Reproductive Health Disorders
Authors: Sklyarova V. O , Shatylovich K. L. , Filipyuk A. L. , Sklyarov P. O. , Chajkivskyj R. A.
Published: November 2020

Background: Chronic endometritis (CE) is one of aggressive factor of infertility and reproductive losses.

Objective: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) treatment in women with infertility (PI) and recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL).

Material and methods: In this non-randomized clinical trial, women aged 22-45 years with CE diagnosed by positive CD 138 between February 2017 and December 2019 were included. Were investigated 65 women - 30 patients with RPL and 35 women with PI and unsuccessful attempts at IVF. PRP therapy was performed paracervical ( 6 ml) and intrauterus ( 1,5 ml) once a week for 4 -8 weeks. Control of the treatment of CE was performed by endometrial biopsy pipelines 15-20 days after the last PRP.

Results: After carrying out 4 procedures of combined paracervical and intrauterine PRP, CE was cured in 70-77% of women (p <0.05); after 8 procedures - 97% (p <0.01).

Conclusions: Combined intrauterine and paracervical PRP therapy is an effective treatment for CE in women with PI and RPL.
“Don’t Distribute Free Food … Improve Our Dietary Diversification Knowledge and Skills”: Borderlanders’ Perceived Root Causes of Malnutrition in Kagera Border Region, Tanzania
Authors: Kamazima Switbert R. , Kazaura Method , Mlimbila Jane S.
Published: November 2020

Nutrition is a very important component for the growth and development of any society, specifically for the prevention and control of a range of diseases. In Tanzania, despite a great variability of nutrition status by different characteristics, generally the majority of the populations have poor nutrition. Kagera is among the 26 regions of mainland Tanzania with a total projected population of about 2.5 million. The nutrition status among residents is poor with multifactorial determinants. In this paper, we present qualitative data collected using in-depth interviews with key adult men and women informants in the four Tanzania-Uganda border districts. The main objective was to establish possible causes of the reported low nutrition in Kagera Region. Majority of study participants were affirmative of the availability and plenty of food; the main problem being poor dietary diversification knowledge, attitudes, skills, and practices. They recommend various measures that could improve the current nutrition status. These measures include nutrition education at primary, secondary and tertiary levels; health education at health facility level that will include nutrition topics and peer education at community level; introduction of nutrition bylaws in the community and vitalizing peer education social groups among males and females about the importance of dietary diversification. Therefore, future nutrition research should include culture, religion, and traditional indicators to inform food and nutrition interventions and policy in similar populations to the Tanzania-Uganda borderlanders.
Cardiac Rehabilitation Services during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dave Bhargav , Jagtap Abhishek
Published: November 2020

Cardiac rehabilitation is a much appreciated but underutilized treatment strategy for cardiovascular disease. Traditional center-based cardiac rehabilitation program has been suspended due to the concrete measures adopted to flatten the COVID-19 pandemic curve. The current situation of emphasis the need of alternative approach for cardiac rehabilitation. This review shed light on consequences of COVID-19 disease on cardiac rehabilitation, the alternative approaches of cardiac rehabilitation, its potential advantages, and limitations as well as future directions.
STATE OF MUCOSAL IMMUNITY IN CHILDREN WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF REDUCED BODY’S RESISTANCE
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Malanicheva T.G. , Mizernitskiy Yu.L. ,   Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics named after Academician Yuri Veltischev of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Agafonova E.V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia,   Kazan Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (KNIIEM) with the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Mozhgina S.S. ,   Children's Republican Clinical Hospital with the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
Published: November 2020

Objective of the research: in-depth study of local immunity indices in children with recurrent respiratory diseases (RRD) who fell ill with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) to optimize immunotherapy. Materials and methods: 83 children aged 3 to 7 years with CAP were under observation. The main group included 50 children with RRD who fell ill with CAP. The comparison group included 33 preschool children with good body's resistance (not belonging to the group of frequently ill children with IR values of 0,2–0,3) who fell ill with CAP. Methods: the indicators of mucosal immunity of induced sputum with an assessment of its cellular composition, the severity of destructive changes in the neutrophil population and phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes were studied. Intraleukocyte microbicidal system of neutrophil, the level of main classes immunoglobulins and sIgA were assessed. The local cytokine profile was studied by the content of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, IFNγ). Results: the study revealed a pronounced imbalance between different functional characteristics of neutrophilic granulocytes – along with depression of neutrophil release in children with RRD, there is an increase in the number of neutrophils with signs of nucleus and cytoplasm destruction. Inhibition of cytotoxic activity, manifested by a decrease in oxygen-dependent biocidal activity and inhibition of the intraleukocytic microbicidal system of neutrophils was revealed. It was shown that inhibition of immunoglobulins synthesis and imbalance in the system of local synthesis of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are important factors in the disorders of local mucosal profile. Against the background of the revealed disorders of mucosal immunity, there is a longer dynamics of relief of main CAP clinical and radiological symptoms in children with RRD, which provides a scientific justification for the including of immunocorrective therapy in the treatment complex for these patients.
NATURAL COSMETICS IN THE CARE OF YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Tamrazova O.B. ,   Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital (I.M. Osmanov, Managing Director, Prof.), Moscow, Russia, Seleznev S.P. ,   M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Oblast Regional Scientific and Research Clinical Institute (MONIKI), Moscow, Russia, Tamrazova A.V. ,   FSBI of Additional Professional Education "Central State Medical Academy" with the Office of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2020

The article provides general information about the skin physiology of newborns and infants. Structural features of the skin and main adaptive shifts in newborns, are described. Тhe child has an increase in the skin barrier function of the skin, which prevents transepidermal water loss; active synthesis of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) components that control skin hydration; shift of pH to acidic environment; normalization of thermoregulatory functions; enhancement of the photoprotective function; immune restructuring for antimicrobial protection; formation of a normal microbiome. The article describes the consequences of improper skin care of a newborn, using the example of diaper dermatitis, irritant dermatitis, prickly heat and vesiculopustulosis. The importance of using specialized children's cosmetics in caring for an infant is assessed. The basic recommendations for the choice of these products are presented, where the main emphasis is on the choice of products consisting of natural ingredients. Giving preference to natural cosmetics, everyone should carefully study the composition of these products and trust the manufacturers who can guarantee safety of care products for the youngest children.
VACCINE PROPHYLAXIS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. SPECIFIC PREVENTION OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors:   Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Infections of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Iosefovich O.V.
Published: November 2020

Today, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a decrease in the coverage of preventive vaccinations of the population in the world, which can cause outbreaks of vaccine-preventable infections, lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality in young children. According to WHO recommendations, potential contact with an infectious disease, including COVID-19, is not a contraindication for routine immunization. Therefore, it is possible and necessary to carry out routine vaccination in accordance with the vaccination schedule, even during a pandemic. There is a danger that COVID-19 could become a seasonal disease, so vaccine development is the most pressing problem of our time. Vaccines are currently being developed on numerous technology platforms, including RNA and DNA vaccines, subunit recombinant, live-attenuated and viral vectors vaccines.
Porovnání dvou technických variant pro virtuální trénink
Authors: Krákora David , Hořejší Petr
Published: November 2020

Tento článek se zabývá srovnáním dvou technologií z hlediska využití pro virtuální trénink. Vychází z konceptu digitalizace podnikových dat, které jsou zaměřené na školení a výrobní postupy. Cílem je porovnat dvě technologie, které je možné využívat pro školení a trénování nových zaměstnanců. Pro objektivní porovnání byla vytvořena pilotní studie, ve které se obě varianty testovaly na vybrané skupině. Výsledkem je vizualizace porovnání a výběr efektivnější varianty pro virtuální tréninky.
Adaptace a vzdělávání pracovníků v prostředí výrobních podniků - nové trendy
Authors: Lochmanová Alena
Published: November 2020

Příspěvek je výsledkem rešeršní činnosti v prvním ročníku studia doktorského studijního programu a jako takový představuje první dílčí podklad pro zpracování vlastní disertační práce. Zabývá se problematikou adaptace a vzdělávání zaměstnanců ve specifických podmínkách s využitím virtuální reality, přičemž především představuje případové studie se zdůrazněním nového využití virtuální reality pro zapracování, adaptaci, ukotvení a následný rozvoj zaměstnanců.
Mathematical Support of Automatic Power Equalization Systems for Modular Power Source
Authors:   Rybinsk State Aviation Technical University named after P.A. Solovyov, Yudin Aleksey V. , Eliseichev Evgeniy A. ,   Rybinsk State Aviation Technical University named after P.A. Solovyov, Yudin Viktor V. ,   Rybinsk State Aviation Technical University named after P.A. Solovyov,
Published: November 2020

An algorithm for controlling the modules of a power supply source of vacuum electric furnaces intended for growing artificial monocrystals of leucosapphire according to the Kyropoulos method is considered. Since the modules from which a source with the required capacity is assembled by connecting them in parallel are not exactly identical with one another, and so are the current conducting buses used to interconnect them, a situation may occur in which some of the modules are underloaded, while others are overloaded. Therefore, in addition to stabilizing the total power produced by the source, the automatic control system must minimize the power difference among the modules. An algorithm ensuring balanced operation of the modules is developed, which is based on modeling the processes in an electrical system consisting of power supply modules and current supply buses that take into account their parameters — resistance, inductance, and mutual inductance. The algorithm has been implemented in the MatLab environment. The algorithm testing results have shown that the power difference among the power supply modules is decreased by more than a factor of two.
Extra Concepts and Domains of Truth Values in Interpreting Logical Languages in Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors:   NRU MPEI, Falk Vadim N.
Published: November 2020

So-called extra concepts introduced to represent structurally defined objects and structures with unlimited complexity in their traditional understanding are suggested. The concepts of extra-word, extra-regular expression, context-free extra-grammar, and context-free extra-language are extensions of the well-known concepts used in the theory of formal languages. Extra words are a special case of symbol sequences; however, the set of all extra words in any alphabet is countable, whereas the set of all symbol sequences is not countable. The periodic codes of rational number representations in some positional numeration system are in fact extra words in this terminology. The concept of an extra-tuple is a generalization of the tuple concept, which implies the possibility of interpreting extra-tuples both as finite and as the indicated type of infinite sequences of elements of an arbitrary, not more than countable set, and it should be noted that the set of all possible sequences of such sort remains countable. By using the introduced concepts, a countable family of the domains of truth values has been specified for multivalued and countable-valued logics, each of which is a bounded lattice of finite or countable power with the traditional definition of basic logical operations of negation, conjunction, and disjunction. The hierarchical construction of the proposed truth domains makes it possible to introduce new logical operations in consideration that do not have analogues in the classical logic.
Prospects for Combined Generation of Heat and Electricity at a Combined Heat and Power Plant in a Modern Power System
Authors:   Vice-President of NP «Energy Efficient city», Beloborodov Sergey S. , Dudolin Aleksey A. ,   NRU «MPEI»
Published: November 2020

Given the climatic and geographical conditions of the Russian Federation, the development of cogeneration should become the main line of measures aimed at increasing the energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the country. However, the implementation of programs for development of renewable energy sources (RES) and nuclear power plants (NPP) entails risks of decreasing the amount of combined generation of electricity and heat by combined heat and power plants (CHPP) in the daily load curve base part. The current state of the wholesale market of electric power is characterized by critical conditions for the existing CHPPs in the first price zone of the wholesale market. The electric power cost formed from competitive power bid (CPB) results is such that the incomes earned by heat generating facilities are insufficient for fully covering the costs of their overhauls and modernization of their equipment. The “old” heat generation facilities, including CHPPs, subsidize the development of combined cycle power plants (CCPPs), RES, hydroelectric power plants (HPPs), and NPPs. The Russian Federation energy system development projects must be elaborated taking into account the results from a multivariate analysis of operational, technical, technological, economic, environmental, and social aspects. The heat supply schemes for cities and municipalities are developed subject to ensuring the preset level of reliability with minimizing its cost for the end customer. The minimum cost of heat supply can only be achieved for the optimal structure of heat and electricity generation capacities. This structure must incorporate equipment able to operate in the base, semi-peak, and peak parts of the daily electric load curve, and provide a power margin for passing seasonal maximums in the consumption of electricity and heat. The main milestones of the establishment and evolution of the energy system of Russia are considered. The main trends are shown along with the problems that have arisen in the operation of cogeneration power facilities in connection with the influence of new energy sources. The experience gained in leading foreign countries that have introduced RES is analyzed, and the influence of these sources on the power system balance is studied. The prospects of using combined electricity and heat generating facilities represented by highly maneuverable small- and medium-capacity gas turbine-based CHPPs in the semi-peak and peak parts of the daily electric load curve are analyzed.