bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marine vertebrates from the Santonian coastal carbonates ofnorthwestern Germany – a tool for the reconstruction of a Proto-North Sea Basin intertidal dinosaur-exchange bridge
Authors: Diedrich Cajus G. , Scheer Udo
Published: September 2015

A diverse vertebrate fauna, dominated by sharkteeth, is recorded from conglomerates within the limestonesof the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) BurgsteinfurtFormation of northwestern Germany. The conglomeratebeds comprise carbonatic, glauconitic and phosphatenodules, as well as Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous extraclasts.The Burgsteinfurt Formation conglomerates containfining-upwards parasequences 2–20 cm in thickness,interpreted as tempestite layers within a unit formed bylarger-scale Milankovitch Cycles. The presence of the inoceramidSphenoceramus patootensis and belemnite Gonioteuthisgranulata indicate a late Santonian age for theunit. The studied vertebrate fauna from the Weiner Eschlocality consists of 20 selachian species (14 macroselachiansand 6 microselachians), a few teleosts, rare marinemosasaur remains, and one tooth from a theropod dinosaur.95% of the vertebrates in the assemblage are depositionallyautochthonous, with the remaining materialreworked from older underlying Cenomanian–Coniacian(lower Upper Cretaceous) limestones. On the basis of observedsedimentary structures, the scarcity of deep-seaselachians, and the dominance of the Mitsukurinidae(59% of the preserved shark fauna) in the fossil assemblage,the unit is interpreted as a shallow (0–3 metresdeep), subtidal, nearshore environment, or even subaerialcarbonate-sand islands, located on the southern marginof a submarine swell. The presence of a Santonian theropodin this deposit, and other dinosaur records in northernGermany, together support the interpretation of ashort-lived uplift event with strong upwelling influence forthe Northwestphalian-Lippe submarine swell north of theRhenish Massif in the southern Proto- North Sea Basin. Anew migration model for dinosaurs moving along carbonatecoasts or intertidal zones of shallow carbonate-sand islandsin Central Europe is presented, which may explainthe scattered distribution of dinosaur remains across Europein the Upper Cretaceous.
A role for NGF and its receptors TrKA and p75NTR in the progression of COPD
Authors: Stabile Anna , Pistilli Alessandra , Crispoltoni Lucia , Montagnoli Claudia , Tiribuzi Roberto , Casali Lucio , Rende Mario
Published: September 2015

Nerve growth factor and its receptors, TrkA and p75NTR, are involved in inflammation and airways diseases, but their role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is still unclear and not well investigated. our data indicate the stage dependent variation of nerve growth factor and its receptors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease progression. In fact, for the first time, this study evaluates the presence of nerve growth factor and its receptors in serum and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with different stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to healthy subjects, non-smoker and current smoker. Serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-10 and forced expiratory volume in 1 s were also analyzed. Compared to healthy subjects, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients presented a staging-dependent increase in serum nerve growth factor, negatively correlated to forced expiratory volume in 1 s and positively to monocyte chemoattractant Protein-1. The percentage of p75NTR+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells increased in early stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (I–II), while TrKA+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells increased in late stages (III–IV). Our data demonstrate the involvement and modulation of nerve growth factor and its receptors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in its staging.
Differenzialdiagnose BCR-ABL1-negativer myeloproliferativer Neoplasien
Authors: Kvasnicka Hans Michael , Grießhammer Martin
Published: September 2015

Die myeloproliferativen Neoplasien (MPN) gehen auf klonale Stammzellveränderungen zurück und zeigen eine unterschiedliche Knochenmarksmorphologie. Die Differenzialdiagnose zwischen den drei BCR-ABL1-negativen Entitäten essentielle Thrombozythämie, Polyzythaemia vera und primäre Myelofibrose ist häufig schwierig und sollte nach aktuellen Erkenntnissen auf den Kriterien der WHO basieren. Die Entdeckung neuer molekulare Marker wie Calreticulin (CALR) erlaubt eine bessere Abgrenzung einer MPN von reaktiven Veränderungen, wobei der alleinige Mutationsnachweis für die differenzialdiagnostische Abgrenzung der einzelnen Subtypen aber meist nicht ausreichend ist. Insofern ist insbesondere in frühen Stadien der MPN, die oftmals mit einer anhaltenden Thrombozytose einhergehen, eine gemeinsame Betrachtung hämatologischer, molekulargenetischer, zytologischer und vor allem histomorphologischer Befunde notwendig.
Identity of Innovative Multifunctional Material Manufacturing Business in Latvia / Inovatīvu Daudzfunkcionālo Materiālu Ražotāju Identitāte Latvijā
Authors: Geipele I. , Staube T. , Ciemleja G. , Zeltins N. , Ekmanis Yu.
Published: September 2015

The publication comprises the results from the practical scientific investigation to define the profile and distinctions of the Latvian innovative multifunctional material manufacturing industry. The research is carried out by a holistic approach, including expert interviews, qualitative analysis of the official register data, practical survey, and financial data analysis. The paper seeks to give the detailed data on a technological profile of the mentioned representative companies, if there is a synergy or tough competition in the Latvian market. The current research is topical, because it is unique and does not have analogues in Latvia, and the research is timely due to correspondence with recently stated Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation in Latvia. The main findings are associated with recognition of the factors that make impact on commercialisation of the finished goods, obtained financial results and planned directions of development of the respondent companies.
Graphene synthesis: a Review
Authors: Shams S. Saqib , Zhang Ruoyu , Zhu Jin
Published: September 2015

Graphene has achieved a great amount of popularity and interest from the science world because of its extraordinary physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, having one-atom-thick planar sheets of sp2 bonded carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. Many methods to synthesize graphene have been developed over a short period and we believe it is necessary to create a list of the most notable approaches. This article focuses on the methods to synthesize graphene in an attempt to summarize and document advancements in the synthesis of graphene research and future prospects.
The influence of VO2(B) nanobelts on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Authors: Zhang Yifu , Tan Xianfang , Meng Changgong
Published: September 2015

The influence of vanadium dioxide VO2(B) on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) has not been reported before. In this contribution, the effect of VO2(B) nanobelts on the thermal decomposition of AP was investigated by the Thermo- Gravimetric Analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA). VO2(B) nanobelts were hydrothermally prepared using peroxovanadium (V) complexes, ethanol and water as starting materials. The thermal decomposition temperatures of AP in the presence of I wt.%, 3 wt.% and 6 wt.% of as-obtained VO2<B) nanobelts were reduced by 39 °C. 62 °C and 74 °C, respectively. The results indicated that VO2(B) nanobelts had a great influence on the thermal decomposition temperature of AP Furthermore, the influence of the corresponding V2Os, which was obtained by thermal treatment of VO2(B) nanobelts, on the thermal decomposition of AP was also investigated. The resufs showed that VO2(B) nanobelts had a greater influence on the thermal decomposition temperature of AP than that of V2Os.
Diesel Engine performance improvement in a 1-D engine model using Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Karra Prashanth
Published: September 2015

A particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique was implemented to improve the engine development and optimization process to simultaneously reduce emissions and improve the fuel efficiency. The optimization was performed on a 4-stroke 4-cylinder GT-Power based 1-D diesel engine model. To achieve the multi-objective optimization, a merit function was defined which included the parameters to be optimized: Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Nonmethyl hydro carbons (NMHC), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC). EPA Tier 3 emissions standards for non-road diesel engines between 37 and 75 kW of output were chosen as targets for the optimization. The combustion parameters analyzed in this study include: Start of main Injection, Start of Pilot Injection, Pilot fuel quantity, Swirl, and Tumble. The PSO was found to be very effective in quickly arriving at a solution that met the target criteria as defined in the merit function. The optimization took around 40-50 runs to find the most favourable engine operating condition under the constraints specified in the optimization. In a favourable case with a high merit function values, the NOx+NMHC and CO values were reduced to as low as 2.9 and 0.014 g/kWh, respectively. The operating conditions at this point were: 10 ATDC Main SOI, -25 ATDC Pilot SOI, 0.25 mg of pilot fuel, 0.45 Swirl and 0.85 tumble. These results indicate that late main injections preceded by a close, small pilot injection are most favourable conditions at the operating condition tested.
Relationship of cyanobacterial and algal assemblages with vegetation in the high Arctic tundra (West Spitsbergen, Svalbard Archipelago)
Authors: Richter Dorota , Pietryka Mirosława , Matuła Jan
Published: September 2015

The paper presents the results of a study of cyanobacteria and green algae assemblages occurring in various tundra types determined on the basis of mosses and vascular plants and habitat conditions. The research was carried out during summer in the years 2009-2013 on the north sea-coast of Hornsund fjord (West Spitsbergen, Svalbard Archipelago). 58 sites were studied in various tundra types differing in composition of vascular plants, mosses and in trophy and humidity. 141 cyanobacteria and green algae were noted in the research area in total. Cyanobacteria and green algae flora is a significant element of many tundra types and sometimes even dominate there. Despite its importance, it has not been hitherto taken into account in the description and classification of tundra. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the legitimacy of using phycoflora in supplementing the descriptions of hitherto described tundra and distinguishing new tundra types. Numeric hierarchical-accumulative classification (MVSP 3.1 software) methods were used to analyze the cyanobacterial and algal assemblages and their co-relations with particular tundra types. The analysis determined dominant and distinctive species in the communities in concordance with ecologically diverse types of tundra. The results show the importance of these organisms in the composition of the vegetation of tundra types and their role in the ecosystems of this part of the Arctic.
Review and selection criteria of classical thermodynamic models for acid gas absorption in aqueous alkanolamines
Authors: Suleman Humbul , Maulud Abdulhalim Shah , Man Zakaria
Published: September 2015

The knowledge of vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) and thermodynamic properties plays a pivotal role in the process development of absorption systems for acid gas capture in precombustion and postcombustion streams. A large number of thermodynamic modelling approaches for acid gas absorption in aqueous alkanolamine solutions are published in the literature. However, the reviews of these modelling techniques are limited and scattered. Moreover, poor guidelines exist for the selection of an appropriate modelling approach for the VLE prediction of the aforementioned system. Therefore, the current study presents a concise classification and review of classical thermodynamic models for acid gas absorption in aqueous alkanolamine solutions since their inception. The article systematically details the chronological development and highlights the major capabilities and limitations of classical thermodynamic approaches, namely, semiempirical models, activity coefficient models, and equation of state (and equation of state/excess Gibbs energy) models. A graphical comparison of VLE prediction by each classical approach is presented to form a general guideline in the selection of a suitable approach for process development studies. The review precisely discusses the issues, challenges, and future prospects of each classical thermodynamic approach in the context of application, complexity, and development.
Spotting psychopaths using technology
Authors: Hulbert Sarah , Adeli Hojjat
Published: September 2015

For the past three and a half decades, the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and the self-report Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) have been the standard measures for the diagnosis of psychopathy. Technological approaches can enhance these diagnostic methodologies. The purpose of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of various technological approaches for spotting psychopathy, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and other measures. Results of EEG event-related potential (ERP) experiments support the theory that impaired amygdala function may be responsible for abnormal fear processing in psychopathy, which can ultimately manifest as psychopathic traits, as outlined by the PCL-R or PPI-R. Imaging studies, in general, point to reduced fear processing capabilities in psychopathic individuals. While the human element, introduced through researcher/participant interactions, can be argued as unequivocally necessary for diagnosis, these purely objective technological approaches have proven to be useful in conjunction with the subjective interviewing and questionnaire methods for differentiating psychopaths from non-psychopaths. Furthermore, these technologies are more robust than behavioral measures, which have been shown to fail.
The Utility of Glycated Hemoglobin, Determined in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy, in Diagnosing Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Vereș Monica , Crăiuț Doru Ioan , Trutz Johann , Babeș Aurel
Published: September 2015

Background and Aims: Gestational diabetes (GD) identifies a pregnancy with high obstetrical risk due to the possible complications that may appear and which are associated with significant perinatal mortality and morbidity. The role of HbA1c in diagnosing GD is still debatable. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of HbA1c assessed in the second trimester of pregnancy (before performing the oral glucose tolerance test - OGTT) in establishing the macrosomia risk, and also for diagnosing GD. Material and methods: This was an observational study on a group of 165 pregnant women followed from the first trimester of pregnancy in whom we measured HbA1c in the second trimester, before running an OGTT with 100 grams of glucose and who delivered at term (37 - 41 weeks of pregnancy). Finally, HbA1c and OGTT were performed only in 132 women, these being the subjects of our study. Results: The average value of HbA1c was 4.85±1.23%. HbA1c was higher in the group having gestational diabetes (6.58±0.74%) in comparison to the group not having GD (4.52±0,80%). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for HbA1c determined in the second trimester, for diagnosis of GD, has an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.939. Conclusions: HbA1c value could be considered as a sensitive and specific predictive factor in appreciating the macrosomia risk and could be set as an extra criterion in GD diagnosis.
The Influence of Goat Milk and Soybean Milk Kefir On IL-6 and Crp Levels in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sunarti  , Nurliyani  , Tyas Agatha Swasti Ayuning , Kristian Scolastika Dita , Prasetyastuti
Published: September 2015

Background and Aims: Hyperglycemia increases inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Goat and soybean milks have been known to reduce inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of goat milk and soybean milk kefir on IL-6 and CRP levels in diabetic rats. Materials and Method: A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: 1) normal rats; 2) diabetic rats; 3) diabetic rats with intake of goat milk kefir; 4) diabetic rats with intake of soybean milk kefir; and 5) diabetic rats with combination of both types of kefir. Before kefir administration for 4 weeks, plasma glucose was measured. After treatment, plasma glucose, CRP and IL-6 levels were assessed. Results: There was a significant decline of plasma glucose in diabetic rats with goat milk kefir (p=0.021), and in diabetic rats with the combination of both goat milk and soybean milk kefir (p<0.001). After treatment, CRP level in diabetic rats was significantly higher when compared with those that had goat milk kefir (p=0.043). All of diabetic rats with kefir had IL-6 values significantly lower than diabetic rats without it (p=0.021). Conclusion: Both goat milk and soybean milk kefir can reduce IL-6 level, but only goat milk kefir can reduce CRP in diabetic rats.
Blood Pressure Variability and Risk for Progression of Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zaharie Sorin Ioan , Maria Teodora Daniela , Zaharie Mirela , Moţa Maria , Moţa Eugen
Published: September 2015

Accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) and evaluation of global cardiovascular risk is crucial for diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive patients. When hypertension and diabetes mellitus are associated, the risk for cardiovascular events is bigger than the sum of the components. Beyond systolic and diastolic BP values as targets for antihypertensive treatment, recent guidelines recognize BP variability as an independent predictor for future cardiovascular events. 24 hours ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and home BP monitoring (HBPM) are two methods used in patient day to day life conditions for BP measurements. Increased variability of systolic and/or diastolic BP within one day (“short-term BP variability”) and also over longer periods (“long-term BP variability”) showed by ABPM and/or HBPM is associated with target-organ damage and cardiovascular events. This review is focused on the prognostic importance of BP variability in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus.
The Bertrand Russell Research Centre
Authors: Griffin Nicholas
Published: September 2015

The creation, components and mission of The Bertrand Russell Research Centre ("BRRC") at McMaster University are described. The components are Russell, the Russell Editorial Project's Collected Papers and Russell-l. Plans are being laid to incorporate other activities relevant to Russell Studies.
Russell, Einstein and the Philosophy of Non-Absolute Pacifism
Authors: Blitz David
Published: September 2015

Russell and Einstein shared a commitment to a form of pacifism which Russell termed "non-absolute pacifism", or "relative political pacifism". Despite a 1947 disagreement on the roles of the United States, the Soviet Union and the immediate measures to be taken for world peace, Russell and Einstein were able to collaborate again in 1955 due to their shared philosophy. Newly discovered annotations by Einstein on a 1947 Russell article are used to analyze their disagreement, while their later statements are used to illustrate their shared commitment to a type of pacifism which allowed, exceptionally, for a justified war in the special circumstance of an enemy opposed to "life as such".
Bertrand Russell's Writings and Reflections on History
Authors: Stunkel Kenneth R.
Published: September 2015

This essay examines Russell's historical writing, views on historical knowledge, and what history meant to him. In addition to frequent historical references in writing on ethics, religion, social issues, education and politics, and some half- dozen works mostly historical in character, he wrote four reflective essays on history and its uses. They are "On History" (1904), "The Materialistic Theory of History" (1920), "How to Read and Understand History" (1943) and "History as an Art" (1954). There are additional scattered, brief examples of historical exposition and interpretation in works for the popular press, but these 80 pages or so stand out from an enormous body of work from about 1895 to 1970.
The Substitutional Paradox in Russell's 1907 Letter to Hawtrey [corrected reprint]
Authors: Linsky Bernard
Published: September 2015

This note presents a transcription of Russell's letter to Hawtrey of 22 January 1907 accompanied by some proposed emendations. In that letter Russell describes the paradox that he says "pilled" the "substitutional theory" developed just before he turned to the theory of types. A close paraphrase of the derivation of the paradox in a contemporary Lemmon-style natural deduction system shows which axioms the theory must assume to govern its characteristic notion of substituting individuals and propositions for each other in other propositions. Other discussions of this paradox in the literature are mentioned. I conclude with remarks about the significance of the paradox for Russell.
Russell and Vagueness
Authors: Faulkner Nadine
Published: September 2015

In this paper I present the philosophical backdrop to Russell's 1923 "Vagueness" paper. I argue that his view of vagueness in 1923 is the result of a rise in the importance of symbolism in his thinking coupled with a new interest in psychology. I show how these new interests are related to concerns he had with his theory of judgment as well as his logicist project. I attend to the two major complaints against his view of vagueness: that all language is vague and his purported conflation of vagueness with generality. I lastly show how Russell's view is distinct from modern approaches to vagueness in so far as he is not concerned with truth-value gaps but instead sees vagueness as applying primarily to what is cognitive and as a transitory position between ignorance and knowledge.
Wittgenstein's Tractarian Apprenticeship
Authors: Landini Gregory
Published: September 2015

The years since the publication of Wittgenstein's Tractatus have produced a good many interpretations of its central tenets. Time has produced something of a consensus concerning the nature of the Tractarian criticisms of Russell's philosophy. Recent work on Russell's philosophy of logic reveals, however, that the agreed account of Tractarian criticisms relies upon characterizing Russell with positions he did not hold.
Russell's Pennsylvania
Authors: Trainer Chad
Published: September 2015

"Russell's Pennsylvania" focuses on Bertrand Russell's days residing in Pennsylvania during the Second World War. It draws from contemporary local newspaper accounts, published memoirs of authors who visited Russell and his family then, as well as reminiscences from people with first-hand accounts who were able to be contacted recently.
A Sudden Passion
Authors: MacDonald Scott
Published: September 2015

How can we account for the fact that, out of the blue, a short, seemingly simple video can move us so deeply that for a time we cannot not look at it? In the case of Brazilian filmmaker Carlos Adriano’s short video Sem Titulo #1:Dance of Leitfossil (“Untitled #1: Dance of Leitfossil,” 2014) it’s the fact that the considerable pleasure of Adriano’s combination of his reworking of an Astaire-Rogers dance routine with Ana Moura’s popular song, “Desfado,” is only the invitation to this “dance.” Several subtle details make clear that the video is a celebration of Bernardo Vorobow, who until his death in 2009 was the Amos Vogel of Brazil—as well as Adriano’s long-time partner in filmmaking and in life. Sem Titulo #1 is an exhilarating tribute to their 27-year relationship and to the revival of Adriano’s creative passion after a period of mourning.
Cannes 2015
Authors: Dupont Joan
Published: September 2015

The venerable Joan Dupont provides FQ readers with her round up of the best, worst, and what to watch from Cannes 2015.
Hyperthyroidism is associated with work disability and loss of labour market income. A Danish register-based study in singletons and disease-discordant twin pairs
Authors: Brandt Frans , Thvilum Marianne , Hegedüs Laszlo , Brix Thomas Heiberg
Published: September 2015

Objective

To examine the risk of disability pension and changes in labour market income in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Methods

From a 5% random sample of the Danish population and twins from the Danish Twin Registry we identified 1942 hyperthyroid singletons and 7768 non-hyperthyroid (matched 1:4) controls as well as 584 same-sex twin pairs discordant for hyperthyroidism. Singletons and twins were followed for a mean of 9 years (range 1–20). Cox regression analysis was used to examine the risk of disability pension and a difference-in-differences model was used to evaluate changes in labour market income.

Results

Hyperthyroid individuals had an increased risk of receiving disability pension: hazard ratio (HR) was 1.88, (95% CI: 1.57–2.24). Subdividing as to the cause of hyperthyroidism did not change this finding: Graves’ disease (GD) HR was 1.51 (95% CI: 0.87–2.63) and toxic nodular goitre (TNG) HR was 2.10 (95% CI: 1.02–4.36). With respect to labour market income, the income of hyperthyroid individuals increased on average 1189 € less than their controls (P<0.001). This difference in income was more pronounced in GD (2539 €) than in TNG (132 €). Essentially similar results, with respect to disability pension and labour market income, were seen within monozygotic twin pairs discordant for hyperthyroidism.

Conclusion

Hyperthyroidism is associated with severe work disability as reflected by an 88% increased risk of receiving disability pension and a significant loss of labour market income. Similar results in monozygotic twins discordant for hyperthyroidism suggest that genetic confounding is unlikely.
De Novo Assembly and Characterization of Four Anthozoan (Phylum Cnidaria) Transcriptomes
Authors: Kitchen Sheila A , Crowder Camerron M , Poole Angela Z , Weis Virginia M , Meyer Eli
Published: September 2015

Many nonmodel species exemplify important biological questions but lack the sequence resources required to study the genes and genomic regions underlying traits of interest. Reef-building corals are famously sensitive to rising seawater temperatures, motivating ongoing research into their stress responses and long-term prospects in a changing climate. A comprehensive understanding of these processes will require extending beyond the sequenced coral genome (Acropora digitifera) to encompass diverse coral species and related anthozoans. Toward that end, we have assembled and annotated reference transcriptomes to develop catalogs of gene sequences for three scleractinian corals (Fungia scutaria, Montastraea cavernosa, Seriatopora hystrix) and a temperate anemone (Anthopleura elegantissima). High-throughput sequencing of cDNA libraries produced ∼20–30 million reads per sample, and de novo assembly of these reads produced ∼75,000–110,000 transcripts from each sample with size distributions (mean ∼1.4 kb, N50 ∼2 kb), comparable to the distribution of gene models from the coral genome (mean ∼1.7 kb, N50 ∼2.2 kb). Each assembly includes matches for more than half the gene models from A. digitifera (54–67%) and many reasonably complete transcripts (∼5300–6700) spanning nearly the entire gene (ortholog hit ratios ≥0.75). The catalogs of gene sequences developed in this study made it possible to identify hundreds to thousands of orthologs across diverse scleractinian species and related taxa. We used these sequences for phylogenetic inference, recovering known relationships and demonstrating superior performance over phylogenetic trees constructed using single mitochondrial loci. The resources developed in this study provide gene sequences and genetic markers for several anthozoan species. To enhance the utility of these resources for the research community, we developed searchable databases enabling researchers to rapidly recover sequences for genes of interest. Our analysis of de novo assembly quality highlights metrics that we expect will be useful for evaluating the relative quality of other de novo transcriptome assemblies. The identification of orthologous sequences and phylogenetic reconstruction demonstrates the feasibility of these methods for clarifying the substantial uncertainties in the existing scleractinian phylogeny.
LinkImpute: Fast and Accurate Genotype Imputation for Nonmodel Organisms
Authors: Money Daniel , Gardner Kyle , Migicovsky Zoë , Schwaninger Heidi , Zhong Gan-Yuan , Myles Sean
Published: September 2015

Obtaining genome-wide genotype data from a set of individuals is the first step in many genomic studies, including genome-wide association and genomic selection. All genotyping methods suffer from some level of missing data, and genotype imputation can be used to fill in the missing data and improve the power of downstream analyses. Model organisms like human and cattle benefit from high-quality reference genomes and panels of reference genotypes that aid in imputation accuracy. In nonmodel organisms, however, genetic and physical maps often are either of poor quality or are completely absent, and there are no panels of reference genotypes available. There is therefore a need for imputation methods designed specifically for nonmodel organisms in which genomic resources are poorly developed and marker order is unreliable or unknown. Here we introduce LinkImpute, a software package based on a k-nearest neighbor genotype imputation method, LD-kNNi, which is designed for unordered markers. No physical or genetic maps are required, and it is designed to work on unphased genotype data from heterozygous species. It exploits the fact that markers useful for imputation often are not physically close to the missing genotype but rather distributed throughout the genome. Using genotyping-by-sequencing data from diverse and heterozygous accessions of apples, grapes, and maize, we compare LD-kNNi with several genotype imputation methods and show that LD-kNNi is fast, comparable in accuracy to the best-existing methods, and exhibits the least bias in allele frequency estimates.
Kaɨmakɨ guiye fɨnuafue: Preparación de los alimentos de nuestra gente
Authors: Candre Yamacuri Anastasia
Published: September 2015

Este texto bilingüe (uitoto-español) sobre la chagra y los alimentos contiene tres partes. La primera trata sobre los procesos de trabajo de la chagra: tumba, quema, selección de semillas, siembra, cuidado de la chagra, e importancia de la chagra para la alimentación y para la construcción de hombres y mujeres verdaderos. La segunda parte contiene varios relatos autobiográficos narrados desde el punto de vista de los alimentos: el ingreso de Anastasia Candre al internado de Chorrera (1969-1975), lo que comían y cómo eras las chagras de la gente y los productos que vendían al internado; el “tiempo de mafia” (1980-1983) cuando, por el auge de la coca, la gente dejó de hacer chagras y llegaron nuevos productos; la llegada de Anastasia a Leticia (1983-1985), los nuevos productos que vio y los paisanos que conoció y cómo tenían sus chagras; y la visita de Anastasia, cuando regresa a La Chorrera (2013) a la chagra a su hermana y su crítica a lo que ve allí sembrado. La tercera parte contiene los procesos de preparación de casabe seco, arepa de yuca, tamales de yuca, fariña, casabe grueso, ají negro y almidón.
Percepción de la imagen en la poética indígena
Authors: Sepúlveda Betsimar
Published: September 2015

Palabras de Betsimar Sepúlveda en conferencia en la Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá, 2012) sobre la imagen poética a partir de los textos de Anastasia Candre y sobre los escritores y escritoras indígenas que levantan su voz propia de la memoria y la tierra. Incluye un poema de Betsimar dedicado a Anastasia Candre y dos poemas de Juan Rivas y Vicente Arreaza, poetas pemones de Venezuela.
Anastasia Candre Yamacuri: cantora de vida, mujer de palabra
Authors: Rocha Vivas Miguel
Published: September 2015

En estas palabras en homenaje a Anastasia Candre, se evocan experiencias del autor en eventos culturales y académicos, en los que Anastasia transmitía los valores de su pueblo (canto, baile) a través de su creación poética y artística. 
Tɨnuango moniya uai: La palabra de abundancia de Anastasia Candre Yamacuri
Authors: Vivas Hurtado Selnich
Published: September 2015

Este artículo desarrolla el concepto moniya uai de tres maneras: como crítica a la cultura hegemónica, como método de investigación y como proceso creativo. Creemos que estas tres fases se pueden encontrar en la obra poética y pictórica de la escritora e investigadora uitoto-okaina Anastasia Candre Yamacuri.
Anastasia Candre... tɨinide, fia jagɨyɨna ite: No muere, perdurará como el viento
Authors: Tobón Marco Alejandro
Published: September 2015

Homenaje a Anastasia Candre. El autor recuerda algunas anécdotas de la experiencia de Anastasia en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y en Leticia. 
Joomɨ fíivo gaaja kaatɨi aame - La ciencia de vida escrita en las aves. Cuarta parte: Kɨɨñu “Gallineta” (Crypturellus undulatus)
Authors: Nejedeka (Numeyɨ) Aniceto
Published: September 2015

Texto bilingüe muinane-español sobre el ave kɨɨñu, “gallineta” (Crypturellus undulatus), elaborado por Aniceto Nejedeka a partir del conocimiento de los mayores de la etnia muinane. Este texto es la cuarta parte de un libro que hemos venido publicando por fascículos, titulado La ciencia de vida escrita en las aves. El muinane es una lengua de la familia lingüística bora.
A mi pintura le gustaría llegar a la textura de la piedra, de un árbol o del agua
Authors: Llajtu Kindi
Published: September 2015

Kindi Llajtu viene trabajando con las huellas que encuentra y las que él mismo produce y deja atrás por medio de intervenciones en el espacio, los cuerpos y las superficies. Recuperar los rastros del pueblo Inga al que pertenece, sus antiguos objetos, sus comidas, sus fiestas, para darles nueva vivacidad o hacerlos desvanecer de una nueva manera, tiene por finalidad generar y jugar con las texturas del recuerdo que cubre y descubre todo; hacer texturas que evidencian el paso del tiempo y sus fantasmas que lo van puliendo, tejiendo y transformando todo.
Nosotros aprendemos escuchando a los sabedores: ahí está toda mi inspiración
Authors: Moreno Fabián
Published: September 2015

Fabián Moreno explica como su padre le transmitió la historia oral de su pueblo, los Nonuya, haciendo que él soñase con todo lo que había escuchado. Cuando las historias se mostraron en sus sueños como si estuviesen siendo actuadas en un teatro mental, el conocimiento de los seres y de los acontecimientos narrados se hizo suyo, para nunca más olvidarlo. Así fue como el saber recibido de su padre se volvió su fuente inagotable de inspiración.
Así es como se empezó a enseñar, a sacar la figura de lo que se conoce
Authors: Rodríguez Abel
Published: September 2015

Abel Rodríguez cuenta como sus pinturas se inscriben en los procesos de reactualización de la creación cósmica narrada en la historia oral del pueblo nonuya. Esta reactualización se efectúa en la vida cotidiana, iniciándose con la enseñanza nocturna de las palabras del creador y desarrollándose durante el día, gracias al trabajo y el sudor de la gente que transforma las palabras en figuras y las materializa haciendo chagras, malocas y cuerpos de parientes reunidos en las fiestas. Las pinturas de Abel muestran diversos momentos de estos procesos.
Characterizations of essentially self-adjoint and skew-adjoint operators
Authors: Sebestyén Zoltán , Tarcsay Zsigmond
Published: September 2015

An extension of von Neumann’s characterization of essentially selfadjoint operators is given among not necessarily densely defined symmetric operators which are assumed to be closable. Our arguments are of algebraic nature and follow the idea of [1].
A separation theorem for totally-sewn 4-polytopes
Authors: Bisztriczky T. , Fodor F.
Published: September 2015

The Separation Problem, originally posed by K. Bezdek in [1], asks for the minimum number s(O, K) of hyperplanes needed to strictly separate an interior point O in a convex body K from all faces of K. It is conjectured that s(O, K) ≦ 2d in d-dimensional Euclidean space. We prove this conjecture for the class of all totally-sewn neighbourly 4-dimensional polytopes.
Corrections to sea level anomalies data due to geocenter motion
Authors: Kosek Wiesław , Wnęk Agnieszka , Zbylut-Górska Maria
Published: September 2015

The objective of this paper is computation of the corrections to sea level anomaly data due to center of Earth mass variations. The geocenter motion model was computed from the center of mass
coordinates data determined from observations of space geodetic techniques such as Satellite
Laser Ranging (SLR), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Doppler Orbitography
and Radiopositionig Integrated on Satellite (DORIS). In order to compute the geocenter motion
model the center of mass coordinates data were filtered using wavelet based semblance filtering
which allows computing a common signal in two time series. Based on determined geocenter
motion model a correction to sea level anomalies (SLA) data due to geocenter motion was determined. This kind of correction to sea level anomaly data is of the order of few millimetres
and should be applied to altimetric measurements to refer them to the International Terrestrial
Reference Frame (ITRF) Origin considered as the center of figure.
The possibilities of using chosen jquery javascript components in creating interactive maps
Authors: Król Karol , Szomorova Lenka
Published: September 2015

The availability, functionality and usability of interactive maps and digital representations of
environment in Internet are on the rise. Their popularity results mainly form the technological
progress and development of programming tools available as open source, and from the growing
demands of users who are looking for specialist geoinformation services in Internet. The goal of
this study is to analyse the possibilities of using chosen programming techniques and tools such
as jQuery JavaScript components to creating interactive maps. JQuery was chosen because it is
one of the most popular technology of making web applications.
The analysis was possible thanks to tests of three web applications created on the basis of chosen
scripts, available under open source licence. The research showed that jQuery library can be
used to creating web map applications but in a limited scope.
Influence of time of concentration on variation of runoff from a small urbanized watershed
Authors: Amatya Devendra M. , Cupak Agnieszka , Wałęga Andrzej
Published: September 2015

The main objective of the paper is to estimate the influence of time of concentration (TC) on
maximum flow in an urbanized watershed. The calculations of maximum flow have been carried out using the Rational method, Technical Release 55 (TR55) procedure based on NRCS
(National Resources Conservation Services) guidelines, and NRCS-UH rainfall-runoff model.
Similarly, three methods were used to calculate the overland flow component of the TC: the
Kerby method, the Morgali and Linsley method and the NRCS travel time method.
The TC was calculated in a watershed located in Krakow city in Poland, małopolskie voivodeship. Total area of the watershed has about 180 ha. It’s a highly urbanized watershed with a significant land cover (29.6% of total area) influencing the runoff, in the form of an impervious
industrial area.
The highest value of time of concentration was achieved for Morgali and Lindley method in
case of the subwatershed with dominant pervious areas, as opposed to the NRCS method for the
subwatershed with dominant impervious areas. The highest value of TC was obtained for NRCS
method. With reference to the whole watershed, the highest values of the time of concentration
were obtained for the MorgaliandLindley method and the lowest for the Kerby formula. Based
on this study, authors recomended the Kerby method for estimating TC for overland surface
dominated areas because this method requires only a small number of input parameters, that
are straightforward to estimate.
Revitalization — definition, genesis, examples
Authors: Wilczkiewicz Małgorzata , Wilkosz-Mamcarczyk Magdalena
Published: September 2015

In the paper a definition of revitalization and the term’ origins in practical use are presented. The
examples of cities, districts, post-industrial areas are given, which, thanks to revitalization processes, have been changed from vacant places and wastelands into objects with new, attractive
functions. Among the objects described in the article are: Berlin’s districts Kreuzberg, Nature
Park Schöneberg Südgelände, Promenade plantée of Paris and American: High Line Park,
Brooklyn Bridge Park and Freshkills Park. Moreover the paper addresses the issue of Detroit,
the city which is being subjected to comprehensive revitalization. The presented examples have
confirmed that urban centres are degraded by manifold factors, mainly social and economic,
and that their revitalization requires the use of specific, individualized solutions compatible with
the need of a given object.
Population-Based Study of Prevalence of Cleft Lip/Palate in Southern Thailand
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Somchit , Chicharoen Vichai , Chakranon Manunya , Sriplung Hutcha , Limpitikul Wannee , Dissaneevate Pathikan , Intharasangkanawin Nitthakarn , Tantichantakarun Pongsak , Sattapanyo Atchara
Published: September 2015

Introduction

Oral cleft is a common craniofacial birth defect that leads to long-lasting adverse outcomes. In Thailand, there have been two studies of the prevalence of oral clefts using data from university hospitals during 1969 through 1978 and 1988 through 1999, which found prevalence rates of 1.23 and 1.22 per 1000 live births, respectively.

Objective

The primary outcome was to assess the prevalence of oral clefts from the birth defects registry during 2009 through 2013 in three provinces in southern Thailand. The secondary outcomes were to correlate the risk of oral cleft and maternal age.

Design

Population-based study.

Setting

Four hundred sixty-seven hospitals in three provinces in southern Thailand.

Participants

Oral cleft cases and maternal data—including live births, stillbirths, and termination of pregnancy following a prenatal diagnosis—were collected from the birth defects registry.

Results

Of the total 186,393 births, there were 269 oral cleft cases, giving an average prevalence of 1.44 per 1000 births (95% CI, 1.22-1.63). The most common cleft type was cleft lip and palate (45.0%), followed by cleft palate (29.0%), with 15.6% syndromic cleft. The mean maternal age was 28.0 ± 6.4 years. There were no differences in prevalence of oral clefts among the different maternal age groups. However, advanced maternal age 35+ years was associated with syndromic cleft children.

Conclusions

The prevalence of oral clefts was 1.44 per 1000 live births, with 15% of cases having an associated congenital anomaly or a recognized syndrome. Increased maternal age was associated with a higher prevalence of syndromic cleft.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of Mucosal Thickening in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Maxillary Sinuses
Authors: Kula Katherine , Hale Lindsay N. , Ghoneima Ahmed , Tholpady Sunil , Starbuck John M.
Published: September 2015

Objective

To compare maxillary mucosal thickening and sinus volumes of unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects (UCLP) with noncleft (nonCLP) controls.

Design

Randomized, retrospective study of cone-beam computed tomographs (CBCT).

Setting

University.

Patients

Fifteen UCLP subjects and 15 sex- and age-matched non-CLP controls, aged 8 to 14 years.

Main Outcome Measure

Following institutional review board approval and reliability tests, Dolphin three-dimensional imaging software was used to segment and slice maxillary sinuses on randomly selected CBCTs. The surface area (SA) of bony sinus and airspace on all sinus slices was determined using Dolphin and multiplied by slice thickness (0.4 mm) to calculate volume. Mucosal thickening was the difference between bony sinus and airspace volumes. The number of slices with bony sinus and airspace outlines was totaled. Right and left sinus values for each group were pooled ( t tests, P > .05; n = 30 each group). All measures were compared (principal components analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, analysis of variance) by group and age ( P ≤ .016 was considered significant).

Results

Principal components analysis axis 1 and 2 explained 89.6% of sample variance. Principal components analysis showed complete separation based on the sample on axis 1 only. Age groups showed some separation on axis 2. Unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects had significantly smaller bony sinus and airspace volumes, fewer bony and airspace slices, and greater mucosal thickening and percentage mucosal thickening when compared with controls. Older subjects had significantly greater bony sinus and airspace volumes than younger subjects.

Conclusions

Children with UCLP have significantly more maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and smaller sinuses than controls.
What Can the Data Tell Us About the Equilibrium Real Interest Rate?
Authors: Kiley Michael T.
Published: September 2015

The equilibrium real interest rate (r*) is the short-term real interest rate that, in the long run, is consistent with aggregate production at potential and stable inflation. Estimation of r* faces considerable econometric and empirical challenges. On the econometric front, classical inference confronts the “pile-up” problem. Empirically, the co-movement of output, inflation, unemployment, and real interest rates is too weak to yield precise estimates of r*. These challenges are addressed by applying Bayesian methods and examining the role of several “demand shifters”, including asset prices, fiscal policy, and credit conditions. We find that the data provide relatively little information on the r* data-generating process, as the posterior distribution of this process lies very close to its prior. This result contrasts sharply with those for the trend growth or natural rate of unemployment processes. Second, credit spreads are very important for the estimated links between output and interest rates and hence for estimates of r*. Estimates of r* that account for this range of considerations are more stable than other estimates, with r* at the end of 2014 equal to approximately 1-1/4 percent.
Optimal Monetary and Macroprudential Policies: Gains and Pitfalls in a Model of Financial Intermediation
Authors: Kiley Michael T. , Sim Jae
Published: September 2015

We estimate a quantitative general equilibrium model with nominal rigidities and financial intermediation to examine the interaction of monetary and macroprudential stabilization policies. The estimation procedure uses credit spreads to help identify the role of financial shocks amenable to stabilization via monetary or macroprudential instruments. The estimated model implies that monetary policy should not respond strongly to the credit cycle and can only partially insulate the economy from the distortionary effects of financial frictions/shocks. A counter-cyclical macroprudential instrument can enhance welfare, but faces important implementation challenges. In particular, a Ramsey planner who adjusts a leverage tax in an optimal way can largely insulate the economy from shocks to intermediation, but a simple-rule approach must be cautious not to limit credit expansions associated with effcient investment opportunities. These results demonstrate the importance of considering both optimal Ramsey policies and simpler, but more practical, approaches in an empirically grounded model.