bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer-Aided Polyps Classification from Colonoscopy Using Deep Learning Models
Authors: Gangrade Shweta , Sharma Prakash Chandra , Sharma Akhilesh Kumar , Singh Yadvendra , Salehi Ahmeed Waleed
Published: October 2023

Medical imaging has advanced to the extent that conditions including stomach ulcers, bleeding, and polyps can be diagnosed using video endoscopy. It takes a lot of time for doctors to follow up on all the images produced by medical video endoscopy. This complicates the use of labor. Automated diagnosis through computer aided approaches to analyze all the resulting images rapidly and accurately. The proposed methodology is innovative in that it seeks to create a system for diagnosing gastrointestinal disorders. The images that are sent into the deep learning networks have all been improved and have had the noise removed. The 5000 images in the Kvasir dataset are evenly split between five different categories affecting the digestive tract: dye-lifted polyps, dyed resection margins, normal cecum, polyps, and ulcerative coliti. Five finely tuned deep convolutional neural network architectures (Xception, ResNet-101, VGG-19, EfficientNetB2v3, and MobineNetV2) with weights from the ImageNet dataset. EffecientNetV2B3 outperformed and achieved accuracy of 96.0%.
Analysis of a Novel Virtual Pediatric Concussion Clinic in a Rural Setting
Authors: Bales Natalie J. , Perera Dinukie-Chantal , Foerster Ruth , Poirier Leanne , Ducis Katrina
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Children and adolescents who sustain concussion in rural communities are lost to follow-up after initial evaluation more often than their urban counterparts. Thus, this study aims to determine the feasibility and accessibility of a novel virtual pediatric concussion clinic in a rural setting.
Methods: Data regarding patients referred to a virtual concussion clinic at a rural Pediatric Level 2 Trauma Center over a 16-month period was prospectively collected. Patients experiencing concussive symptoms were referred to the pediatric neurosurgery clinical registered nurse and received a phone call following an injury. Referrals to therapy were made based on symptoms reported.
Results: Data from 44 patients was collected: 9 did not follow-up in concussion clinic despite leaving a voicemail. 43 were referred from the emergency department. The median time from referral placed to completing a virtual follow up was 4.5 days. Among the referrals, 3 (8.6%) were to pediatric neurology, 10 (28.6%) to occupational therapy (OT), 6 (17.1%) to physical therapy (PT), 4 (11.4%) to speech-language pathology, and 25 (71.4%) did not receive referrals as their symptoms had abated. Patients followed with pediatric neurology post-injury for an average of 75.9 days, OT for an average of 52.7 days, and PT for an average of 2.3 days.
Conclusion: This is a feasible model to follow patients and place referrals for additional therapeutic services in a rural community. With 79.5% of patients completing a follow-up, the clinic demonstrates easy accessibility and reliable adherence.
Effect of Si Doping and Active Carbon Surface Modifications on the Electrical and Structure Performance of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Kuang Huan , Xiao Li , Lai Yuan , Shen Li , Zhou Anni , Wu Juan , Zhu Yirong
Published: October 2023

Li4Ti5O12, as a spinel lithium-ion batteries anode material , exhibits stable cycling and is less prone to lithium dendrites and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) films. However, its theoretical capacity and conductivity are low within the electrochemical window of 1.0-2.5 V. In this study, active carbon coated and Silicon-doped Li4Ti5O12 crystals were used, and an electrochemical window of 0.01-3.0 V was applied during cycling to enhance the material’s capacity and conductivity. The investigation revealed that the capacity of bare Li4Ti5O12 samples and those with single silicon doping or carbon coating exhibited rapid decay during high-rate long cycling. By contrast, the capacity of composite LSiAC samples (comprising 87 wt% Li4Ti5O12+3 wt% AC+10 wt% Si) after 1000 cycles at a 5C rate reached 196.56 mAh/g, with a great capacity retention rate (89.37%). This improvement can be attributed to two factors. Firstly, the active carbon coating enhances material conductivity and simultaneously acts as a barrier isolating Li4Ti5O12 from the electrolyte LiPF6, thereby preventing structural degradation. Secondly, Si doping between Li4Ti5O12 crystals leads to an appropriate amount of Si expansion during cycling, effectively increasing the crystal plane spacing and facilitating lithium-ion migration. The proposed modification process is both simple and environmentally friendly, making it suitable for industrial-scale production. This approach holds promise in bolstering the competitiveness of spinel Li4Ti5O12 as an anode material in the lithium-ion battery market.
A pilot study of pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms concomitant with coeliac artery stenosis: Using computational haemodynamics to better understand a rare disease
Authors: Blom Dirk , Chidambaram Rama , Caddy Harrison , Soares Julian , Bappoo Nikhilesh , Kelsey Lachlan , Jansen Shirley , Doyle Barry
Published: October 2023

Pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms have been associated with coeliac artery stenosis or occlusion. These aneurysms are rare, and their size may not be predictive of rupture risk. Wall shear stress has a potential role in the initiation, development and rupture of aneurysms. We investigated the influence of coeliac artery stenosis on wall shear stress in developing PDA aneurysm and in both ruptured and intact aneurysms to determine if ruptured aneurysms experience low WSS compared to intact cases. Computed tomography imaging was retrospectively collected and reconstructed into three-dimensional geometries with which blood flow simulations were performed to compare aneurysm wall shear stress between ruptured vs intact groups. Aneurysm initiation was investigated by digitally augmenting a case to represent a healthy geometry, with incremental coeliac artery stenosis then virtually applied. Coeliac artery stenosis resulted in gastroduodenal artery flow reversal and increased wall shear stress in the inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, where wall shear stress reached reaching 7.55 Pa at 80% stenosis. Wall shear stress was lower in ruptured aneurysms compared to intact cases (0.23(0.25) Pa vs. 0.37(0.26) Pa). Aneurysm WSS was not correlated to diameter (rs = 0.196, p = .564). Our results suggest 70% to 80% CA stenosis as a threshold for flow reversal through the inferior PDA and GDA, with corresponding high levels of WSS in the IPDA which may be responsible for the aneurysm initiation.
Association between motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and swallowing disorders
Authors: Nakamori Masahiro , Toko Megumi , Yamada Hidetada , Hayashi Yuki , Ushio Kai , Yoshikawa Kohei , Haruta Azusa , Hiraoka Aya , Yoshikawa Mineka , Nagasaki Toshikazu , Mikami Yukio , Maruyama Hirofumi
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD) presents with motor symptoms that hinder physical activity. This study thoroughly investigated swallowing dysfunction in patients with PD using videofluoroscopy (VF) and the Movement Disorder Society (MDS)-Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) sub-scores.
Methods: This study was part of an intervention project to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation in patients with Hoehn and Yahr stages 2–4 PD. Baseline data, including swallowing-related indicators such as VF, were obtained and compared to the MDS-UPDRS sub-scores including rigidity, tremor, postural instability/gait difficulty, and limb scores.
Results: Twenty-seven patients were included in this study. In the VF analysis, laryngeal penetration/aspiration, oral cavity residue, epiglottic vallecular residue, and pharyngeal residue were observed with remarkable frequency. The multivariate analysis revealed that the mean rigidity score of UPDRS was an independent and significantly correlated factor with laryngeal penetration/aspiration during the ingestion of 10 mL of water (odds ratio 1.294, 95% confidence interval 1.035–1.617; p = 0.024).
Conclusion: This study revealed a correlation between muscle rigidity and laryngeal penetration or aspiration risk. The detailed comparative analysis of various individual PD symptoms and swallowing disorders was substantial, which enables early detection of the risk of swallowing disorder and the implementation of appropriate measures.
Trial Registration number: jRCTs062220013
Designing, Docking, Molecular Dynamics of Several Aminocoumarin Analogues to Predict Solution of Aminocoumarin Derivatives Issues: Poor Oral-Bioavailability, Low Solubility, and Toxicity
Authors: Al-Amin Md. , Haque Md. Anawarul
Published: October 2023

Aminocoumarin derivatives such as Novobiocin, Coumermycin, and Clorobiocin have several issues: poor oral bioavailability, low solubility, and toxicity. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew Novobiocin sodium from the market for safety and efficacy issues in 2009. Adding selective moieties to the aminocoumarin skeleton may make it possible to design effective aminocoumarin analogues that will solve the issues of the aminocoumarin derivatives. Based on the drug design criterion, we designed several aminocoumarin analogues by adding alicyclic and aliphatic moieties at the modifiable positions of the aminocoumarin skeleton, trifluoroethylamine as bioisosteres of the amide bond of the aminocoumarin skeleton, and added fluorine to the metabolic sites of the aminocoumarin skeleton. After docking, it was understood that the designed aminocoumarin analogues effectively blocked the active site's amino acids such as Asn54, Asp81, and Arg84 of the DNA gyrase of Staphylococcus aureus.
Moreover, molecular dynamics data suggested that the designed analogue-3 had good stability compared to Novobiocin. In addition, the designed analogues-2 and 3 followed Lipinski's rule of five, which predicts that they will contain an excellent oral bioavailability profile. Furthermore, the solubility and toxicity analysis indicated that the designed analogues had good solubility and less toxicity.
A novel nomogram for the prediction of perforation during endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasms
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Liu Xun , Gu Fang , Ding Shigang
Published: October 2023

Purpose
High perforation risk hinders the widespread adoption of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal neoplasms. This study was performed to determine the predictors of colorectal ESD-induced perforation and develop a predictive model.
Methods
A total of 1020 colorectal neoplasms in 963 patients were retrospectively enrolled from January 2011 to December 2021 in a single tertiary center as the derivation cohort. We identified independent risk factors for perforation using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram was developed based on the logistic regression model and prospectively applied to 266 colorectal neoplasms as the validation cohort. The performance of the predictive model was evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis.
Results
Independent predictors for colorectal ESD-induced perforation were tumor located in the colon (left colon, odds ratio [OR] 2.96, P = 0.006; right colon, OR 2.14, P = 0.040), tumor size ≥ 40 mm (OR 2.27, P = 0.012), LST type (OR 2.57, P = 0.016), submucosal fibrosis (OR 2.96, P < 0.001) and procedure time ≥ 60 min (OR 3.05, P = 0.001). The nomogram model incorporating the above predictors performed well in both the derivation and validation cohorts (area under the curve of 0.796 and 0.797, respectively). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the clinical benefit of the nomogram was favorable.
Conclusions
The novel nomogram, developed and prospectively validated, incorporating tumor size, location, morphology, submucosal fibrosis, and procedure time, can successfully predict perforation during endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasms.
Global boundedness and asymptotic behavior of solutions to a three-dimensional immune chemotaxis system
Authors: Gao Xiaoyan , Miao Liangying
Published: October 2023

In a bounded smooth domain Ω ⊂ R 3 and with a positive parameter χ > 0, this paper is devoted to investigate the global boundedness and asymptotic behavior of solutions to a immune-chemotaxis system. By establishing the uniform boundedness of L ∞-norm for immune cells and the uniform boundedness of L q-norm with q ∈ (3, ∞) for the chemokines gradient, it is possible to identify a smallness condition on chemosensitivity χ that ensures global existence of classical solution to the model in a three-dimensional bounded domain. Moreover, building on this boundedness property, it is proved that if χ is appropriately small, as time tends to infinity, all the solution will decay exponentially to the spatially constant nontrivial equilibria in an appropriate sense.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 35B40, 35B65, 35K57, 35Q92, 92C17.
The genetic homogeneity of Uganda's East African Highland bananas does not match the extensive morphological variation identified in this group
Authors: Pillay Michael
Published: October 2023

The East African Highland banana (EAHB) is a triploid (AAA) group of about 120 cooking and beer banana varieties that are adapted to the high altitudes of the Great Lakes region of East Africa. Banana production is affected by several biotic and abiotic factors. Breeding opportunities in bananas are limited due to female sterility and parthenocarpy. The genetic diversity of crops enables breeders to develop new germplasm. Molecular markers have been used widely to dissect crop plants' genetic diversity. This study assessed the genetic variation in 27 EAHB varieties using Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). No genetic variation was observed among the banana varieties, and the 18 ten-mer primers produced monomorphic banding profiles. The genetic homogeneity of the EAHBs is not congruent with the extensive morphological variation found in this banana group. Domestication and the bottleneck effect are often cited as the cause of reduced diversity in crop plants. On the other hand, several mechanisms, including somatic mutations, transposable elements, polyploidy, genome plasticity and epigenetic mechanisms, are known to increase plant phenotypic variability. Further in-depth research is needed to explain the puzzle between the genetic and morphological diversity in the East African Highland banana.
Identifying quality indicators for home care services: a modified Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process study
Authors: Zheng Qiu-Lan , Kong Ling-Na , Hu Ping , Liu Dun-Xiu
Published: October 2023

Background
As the recipients of home care services, patients have the most direct and profound experience of service quality. There is no knowledge as to quality indicators for home care services from the patients’ perspective. This study aimed to identify quality indicators for home care services based on Service Quality model, and determine the weight of these indicators.
Methods
A two-round online Delphi survey and Analytic Hierarchy Process consultation were conducted to gather opinions from national experts on quality indicators for home care services developed on the basis of the Service Quality model. Consensus was defined as at least 80% agreement on the importance (important and very important) of indicators and among experts. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to determine the relative importance of the identified indicators.
Results
The response rate was 95% in the first and 97.4% in the second round. After round two, five first-level and 23 second-level indicators were identified. The Kendall’s W values were 0.54 and 0.40 for the first-level and second-level indicators (p < 0.001). The weight coefficients for the first-level and second-level indicators were 0.110–0.298 and 0.019–0.088, respectively.
Conclusion
The quality indicators for home care services were developed based on the Service Quality model. These indicators will be useful to evaluate and improve the quality of home care services.
A self-printing Turing machine program with the possibility of containing any other program
Authors: Kicsiny Richárd , Varga Zoltán
Published: October 2023

Despite of the primary theoretical and practical importance of self-replication and the Turing machine (TM), which is essentially the most basic/fundamental mathematical machine being able to realize/simulate any algorithm (and thus to model algorithmic mental processes), self-replication has not been realized yet in pure TM environment. In particular, the reproduction/printing of a TM program by itself (starting with the blank tape) has not been realized yet, despite of that the self-reproduction of a program is one of the key steps in the whole process of self-replication. Although, there exists so-called self-describing machines/automata, they print not their (full) program itself, only some unique (abbreviated) representation of it.
Our present work is to fill this gap by means of proposing a new kind of TM that we call self-printing TM. In addition to printing their own program (starting with the blank tape), the possibility of printing any (other) TM program is built in the proposed self-printing TMs. It means that the self-printing TMs are able to print the program of any (other) TM as a part of their own program. As a practical contribution, a particular self-printing TM program is provided.
In the future, apart from the theoretical/mathematical and technological respects, the proposed self-printing TM may serve as a practical tool for studying fundamental life-like phenomena (like not only self-reproduction, but also mutation and evolution) in their pure (most direct) form, in the field of artificial and biological life. In the Conclusions, this important research possibility is detailed.
Human tripartite cortical network model for temporal assessment of alpha-synuclein aggregation and propagation in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kapucu Fikret Emre , Tujula Iisa , Kulta Oskari , Sukki Lassi , Ryynänen Tomi , Gram Hjalte , Vuolanto Valtteri , Vinogradov Andrey , Kreutzer Joose , Jensen Poul Henning , Kallio Pasi , Narkilahti Susanna
Published: October 2023

Previously, several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD), malicious strains of alpha-synuclein (α-s) protein, are transferred between cells via different routes, thus participating in disease progression. The amplification of α-s and propagation of its aggregated forms are described as prion-like propagation widely supported by in vitro rodent and human cell studies. In this study, our focus was on temporal assessment of functional changes during α-s aggregation and propagation in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neuronal cultures and in engineered networks. Here, we report for the first time an engineered circular tripartite human neuronal network model in a microfluidic chip integrated with microelectrode arrays (MEAs) as a platform to study functional markers during α-s aggregation and propagation. We showed a progressive aggregation of α-s in conventional neuronal cultures and in the exposed (proximal) compartments of circular tripartite networks after we preformed α-s fibril (PFF) exposure. Moreover, aggregated forms propagated through axonal transportation to distal compartments of the circular tripartite networks. We observed impacts of α-s aggregation on both the structure and function of neuronal cells, such as in presynaptic proteins, mitochondrial motility, receptor channel expression, calcium oscillations and neuronal activity. The model enabled an assessment of the early, middle, and late phases of α-s aggregation and its propagation during a 13-day follow-up period. Taken together, this temporal analysis suggested a complex interplay of structural and functional changes during the in vitro propagation of α-s aggregates.
Masting ontogeny: the largest masting benefits accrue to the largest trees
Authors: Szymkowiak Jakub , Hacket-Pain Andrew , Kelly Dave , Foest Jessie , Kondrat Katarzyna , Thomas Peter , Lageard Jonathan , Gratzer Georg , Pesendorfer Mario , Bogdziewicz Michał
Published: October 2023

Masting, variable and synchronized seed production across years by a population of perennial plants, enhances reproductive efficiency through increasing pollination efficiency and decreasing seed predation. Masting represents a population-level phenomenon generated from individual plant behaviors. While the developmental trajectory of individual plants influences their masting behavior, the translation of such changes into benefits derived from masting remains unexplored. We used 43 years of seed production monitoring in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) to address that gap. The largest improvements in reproductive efficiency from masting happen in the largest trees. Masting leads to a 49-fold reduction in seed predation in large, compared to 20-fold in small trees. Masting yields an 8-fold increase in pollination efficiency in large, compared to 1.8-fold in small trees. Paradoxically, although the largest trees show the biggest reproductive efficiency benefits from masting, large trees mast less strongly than small trees. That apparently suboptimal allocation of effort across years by large plants may be a consequence of anatomical constraints or bet-hedging. Ontogenetic shifts in individual masting behavior and associated variable benefits have implications for the reproductive potential of plant populations as their age distribution changes, with applications in plant conservation and management.
Methodological Rigor and Quality of Reporting of Clinical Trials Published with Physical Activity Interventions: A Report from the Strengthening the Evidence in Exercise Sciences Initiative (SEES Initiative)
Authors: Ignacio Andresa Conrado , Oliveira Nórton Luís , Silva Larissa Xavier Neves da , Leite Jayne Santos , De Nardi Angélica Trevisan , Helal Lucas , Santos Marcelo Rodrigues dos , Soares Douglas dos Santos , Galliano Leony Morgana , Alano Tainá Silveira , Umpierre Daniel
Published: October 2023

Background
In response to the growing number of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs), efforts have been made to promote transparent and reproducible research practices. However, limited evidence exists to demonstrate the level of adherence to established reporting and methodological standards. This study aimed to evaluate the methodological standards and quality of reporting in RCTs of physical activity (PA) interventions. We aimed to present Strengthening the Evidence in Exercise Sciences Initiative (SEES Initiative) 2020 assessments results.
Methods
RCTs of PA advice or exercise interventions published in 2020 were selected. Monthly searches were conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE targeting six top-tier exercise science journals. Assessments were conducted by two independent authors, based on 44 items originally from CONSORT and TIDieR reporting guidelines. These items were divided into seven domains: transparency, completeness, participants, intervention, rigor methodology, outcomes and critical analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies, and exploratory analysis was done by comparing proportions using the X2^test (α = 0.05).
Results
Out of 1,766 RCTs evaluated for eligibility, 53 were included. The median adherence to recommended items included among the studies was 30, ranging from 18 (41%) to 44 (100%) items in individual study assessments. The items presenting full adherence among the studies were related to intervention description, justification, outcome measurement, effect sizes, and statistical analysis. The least reported item referred to mentioning unplanned modifications during trials, appearing in 6 (11.3%) studies. Out of the 53 RCTs, 36 (67.9%) reported having a registration, and these studies demonstrated higher adherence to the assessed items compared to non-registered studies.
Conclusions
In general, items related to critical analysis were more thoroughly described, such as hypotheses and statistical analyses. However, aspects more related to transparency aspects, such as protocol registrations/modifications and intervention descriptions, were suboptimally reported. Finally, this study highlights the need to promote the existing resources concerning quality of reporting and transparent research practices for investigators and editors in the exercise sciences discipline.
On-surface synthesis and characterization of anti-aromatic cyclo[20]carbon
Authors: Xu Wei , Sun Luye , Zheng Wei , Kang Faming
Published: October 2023

Molecular carbon allotropes, cyclo[n]carbons (Cn) have attracted significant attention from both experimentalists and theoreticians due to their extraordinary properties1-9. Nevertheless, their synthesis in condensed phase is hardly achieved due to the high reactivity, resulting in the geometric and electronic structures of these species remaining largely unexplored. Recently, on-surface synthesis has emerged as an efficient method for the fabrication of various cyclocarbons, including C1810,11, C1612, C1413, C1013. However, endeavors to synthesize larger cyclocarbons (e.g., C20 or C24) have encountered difficulties owing to the unstability of precursor molecules12. Herein, we design a molecular precursor of a fully halogenated dibenzo[b,h]biphenylene (C20Cl12), and successfully produce the anti-aromatic cyclo[20]carbon (C20), via tip-induced dehalogenation and accompanied ring-opening reactions on a bilayer NaCl/Au(111) surface at 4.7 kelvin. The polyynic structure of C20 was revealed by bond-resolved atomic force microscopy (AFM) and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, by subtly positioning the C20 molecule into an “atomic fence” (i.e., formed by Cl atoms) to block its diffusion, we have achieved to experimentally probe the frontier molecular orbitals of C20, with a measured bandgap of 3.8 eV. Our work demonstrates the versatility of such an on-surface synthesis strategy for the generation of cyclocarbons in the condensed phase, and for further characterizing their precise geometric and electronic structures.
Multiplicity results for some quasilinear elliptic problems with concave nonlinearities
Authors: Pei Ruichang
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence of five nontrivial solutions and the existence of infinitely many nontrivial solutions for a class of (p, 2)-Laplacian equations with subcritical polynomial growth and subcritical (critical) exponential growth. Some existence results for nontrivial solutions are established by using the variational methods.
Prediction of Defects in the Structure of Non-Metallic Heterogeneous Materials
Authors: Tonkonogyi Vladimir , Holofieieva Maryna , Holofieiev Yurii , Klimov Sergii , Naumenko Yevheniia , Dašić Predrag
Published: October 2023

Heterogeneous media can be represented as specially organized heterogeneous materials. The complex process of forming heterogeneous materials and media as systems is realized by gradually transitioning from one state to another. The presence of many one-time transformations of space-time structures causes the latter. When simulating damage such as cracks and fractures in products made of non-metallic heterogeneous materials, which consists of “assigning” the place of damage to the product at a specific moment in time, neither the method of random selection from the previously compiled list of “dangerous” places, nor the method of transfer to the object can be used, which is modeled, the results of field and operational tests of other products of a similar class or even other products of the same class. Therefore, it is proposed to use a combined method of obtaining a stream of quasi-random numbers, that is, a stream of random numbers that are “modulated” by information about defects in the structure of the material of the product, which was obtained because of field tests of the products or during their operation.
Study of Co-operative Dynamics in Cyclohexanol-Xylene Solutions using Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy
Authors:   School of Physical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India, Birajdar Sangameshwar Sanjivan , Kumbharkhane Ashok Champatrao ,   School of Physical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India, Suryawanshi Deelip Baliram ,   Department of Physics and Electronics, Shri Havagiswami Mahavidyalaya, Udgir 413517, Maharashtra, India
Published: October 2023

Cooperative dynamics in pure cyclohexanol (CYN), xylene and their binary solutions have been studied using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) in 10 MHz to 30 GHz microwave frequency range. The dynamics in CYN-CYN, CYN-xylene molecules have been explained using concept of cooperative domains (CDs). Deviations in CYN-xylene binary solutions exist due to braking and making of bonds as well as selfassociation among the molecules. Kirkwood correlation factor authenticates CDs with diverse exchanges through hydrogen bonding. Luzar model offers moderately decent qualitative values of εo such that the theoretically calculated values found relatively good in comparison with experimental results.
Прогностическое значение соматических мутаций в генах эпигенетической регуляции при острых миелоидных лейкозах в реальной клинической практике: результаты наблюдательного неинтервенционного проспективного межрегионального исследования
Authors: Шатилова Алексина Алексеевна , Будаева И. Г. , Петухов А. В. , Силонов С. А. , Ершова А. Е. , Никулина Т. С. , Матвиенко Ю. Д. , Миролюбова Ю. В. , Богданов К. В. , Анчукова Л. В. , Нередько Ю. С. , Тяско С. Ю. , Очирова О. Е. , Карпова А. Г. , Васильева Э. Р. , Сердюк О. Д. , Яскульский Д. А. , Букин Д. В. , Алексеева Ю. А. , Ломаиа Е. Г. , Гиршова Л. Л.
Published: October 2023

Aim. To assess the rate of DNMT3A, IDH1, IDH2, and ASXL1 gene mutations and their effect on the prognosis both as isolated findings and in combination with well-known chromosomal aberrations and gene mutations in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients from some regions of the Russian Federation.

Materials & Methods. The study enrolled 83 patients with newly diagnosed AML from 22 regions of the Russian Federation, who underwent molecular genetic examination for detecting IDH1 (R132), IDH2 (R140), ASXL1, and DNMT3A gene mutations with droplet digital PCR and Sanger sequencing methods.

Results. The mutation rate in DNMT3A was 16.7 %, in IDH1 (R132) it was 6 %, in IDH2 (R140) it was 9.6 %, and in ASXL1 it was 6 %. The R140 mutation in IDH2 correlated with the older age of patients. The mutations in IDH1 (R132), IDH2 (R140), and DNMT3A showed a significant association with mutated NPM1. The mutations in IDH1 (R132), IDH2 (R140) were reported to occur significantly more often in patients with normal karyotype. The IDH1 (R132) and IDH2 (R140) mutations appeared to have a favorable effect on AML prognosis, which is most likely to be associated with a high rate of their compatibility with NPM1 mutation. The mutated type of DNMT3A had a negative effect on overall survival of patients with NPM1 mutation. The mutation in ASXL1 also appeared to be an unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival of patients with wild type NPM1.

Conclusion. A high rate of mutation occurrence in epigenetic regulation genes as well as the prognostic potential of these mutations in AML necessitate the need for determining the mutation status of DNMT3A, IDH1, IDH2, and ASXL1 in the context of primary diagnosis in real-world clinical practice.
Weak vs. strong breaking of integrability in interacting scalar quantum field theories
Authors: Fitos Bence , Takács Gábor
Published: October 2023

The recently proposed classification of integrability-breaking perturbations according to their strength is studied in the context of quantum field theories. Using random matrix methods to diagnose the resulting quantum chaotic behaviour, we investigate the \phi^4ϕ4 and \phi^6ϕ6 interactions of a massive scalar, by considering the crossover between Poissonian and Wigner-Dyson distributions in systems truncated to a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. We find that a naive extension of the scaling of crossover coupling with the volume observed in spin chains does not give satisfactory results for quantum field theory. Instead, we demonstrate that considering the scaling of the crossover coupling with the number of particles yields robust signatures, and is able to distinguish between the strengths of integrability breaking in the \phi^4ϕ4 and \phi^6ϕ6 quantum field theories.
Photon pumping, photodissociation and dissipation at interplay for the fluorescence of a molecule in a cavity
Authors: Gopalakrishna Megha , Viñas Boström Emil , Verdozzi Claudio
Published: October 2023

We introduce a model description of a diatomic molecule in an optical cavity, with pump and fluorescent fields, and electron and nuclear motion are treated on equal footing and exactly. The model accounts for several optical response temporal scenarios: A Mollow spectrum hindered by electron correlations, a competition of harmonic generation and molecular dissociation, a dependence of fluorescence on photon pumping rate and dissipation. It is thus a general and flexible template for insight into experiments where quantum photon confinement, leakage, nuclear motion and electronic correlations are at interplay.
Isolated flat bands in 2D lattices based on a novel path-exchange symmetry
Authors: Bae Jun-Hyung , Sedrakyan Tigran , Maiti Saurabh
Published: October 2023

The increased ability to engineer two-dimensional (2D) systems, either using materials, photonic lattices, or cold atoms, has led to the search for 2D structures with interesting properties. One such property is the presence of flat bands. Typically, the presence of these requires long-ranged hoppings, fine-tuning of nearest neighbor hoppings, or breaking time-reversal symmetry by using a staggered flux distribution in the unit cell. We provide a prescription based on carrying out projections from a parent system to generate different flat band systems. We identify the conditions for maintaining the flatness and identify a path-exchange symmetry in such systems that cause the flat band to be degenerate with the other dispersive ones. Breaking this symmetry leads to lifting the degeneracy while still preserving the flatness of the band. This technique does not require changing the topology nor breaking time-reversal symmetry as was suggested earlier in the literature. The prescription also eliminates the need for any fine-tuning. Moreover, it is shown that the subsequent projected systems inherit the precise fine-tuning conditions that were discussed in the literature for similar systems, in order to have and isolate a flat band. As examples, we demonstrate the use of our prescription to arrive at the flat band conditions for popular systems like the Kagomé, the Lieb, and the Dice lattices. Finally, we are also able to show that a flat band exists in a recently proposed chiral spin-liquid state of the Kagomé lattice only if it is associated with a gauge field that produces a flux modulation of the Chern-Simons type.
Some markers of authorial conflict intention in Internet comments during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Pyatigorsk State University, Gukosyants Olga Yu.
Published: October 2023

The range of conflict markers in confrontational interaction is determined largely both by the situation provoking the collision and by the conditions for the communication implementation. The context of the conflict in this work was the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The conditions for the conflict implementation became the virtual environment; Internet comment. The purpose of this reseach is to calculate the verbal and non-verbal markers of conflict speech behavior observed in Internet comments during the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this goal the methods of complex communicative-pragmatic analysis, linguostylistic analysis and contextual analysis were used. With the methods of statistical analysis the frequency of the indicated verbal and non-verbal markers manifestation was determined and the preferred speech means to implement authorial conflicting intention in the designated time period was established. The verbal markers are some pejoratives, colloquies, jargon, occasional words, zoo-metaphors, English-language intersperses, phraseological units, lexemes with negative connotation which characterize human mental development, contain an expressive negative assessment of health, level of education, ethnic, racial, national, social affiliation of the characterized person, negative nomination of persons from the point of view of the profession, origin, socially condemned activities, persons with non-actual behavior, dissonant views, ideas and positions, language tools with the semantic meaning of threat, isolation, vaccination, imperatives, parceled constructions, subjunctive, multiple questions, repetitions, incomplete sentences, parallel constructions. Non-verbal markers include text in capital letters, strikethrough text, erratives, Internet memes. These verbal and non-verbal markers ensure the implementation of strategies and tactics of the conflict speech behavior of communicants of this period; they are the key factors in constructing attitude among the audience.
When understanding becomes an insult — to the question of semantics and the role of the neologism “Putinversteher” in the political media discourse
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Petrova Maria V.
Published: October 2023

The study is devoted to the political neologism “Putinversteher”. A comprehensive analysis of the language material was carried out: in addition to content analysis, the work contains wordformation, stylistic and semantic types of analysis of neologism based on media publications from the end of 2013 to 2018. In order to double-check and complete the data, in addition to the archival materials of the publications, corpora of news texts were used, primarily the Leipzig Corpora Collection and the corpora of the digital dictionary of the German language (Korpora im DWDS). The chronological framework of the study is determined by the historical and political context and the maximum frequency of mentions of the word and its derivatives in this time period. The selection of sources was carried out on the basis of the principles of media relevance in the system of the mass press and the number of mentions of the word. As part of the semantic analysis, the cognitive and pragmatic components of the meaning of the lexeme “Putinversteher” were determined and the interpretative field of the concept “understanding” was characterized. The study showed that the neologism “Putinversteher” is found mainly in the artistic and journalistic and analytical genres of journalism. The nominative function of the lexeme “Putinversteher” is complemented by significative, evaluative and expressive functions, which allows us to consider neologism as a metaphorical frame that conceptualizes a certain political vision. The use of neologism in a media text serves not only to enhance the expressiveness of the text, but also is a tool for shaping public opinion, when complex socio-political processes are “compressed” to a pre-established judgment, fixed in the meaning of the newly formed word. An inevitable consequence of the widespread use of such neologisms is the simplification of complex political phenomena, the creation and consolidation of certain stereotypes (frames) in relation to socio-political actors and the establishment of a legitimate ideology.
An Occasional Amnesty. How the Siberian Bolsheviks Granted Amnesty to Kolchak Ministers
Authors:   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Savin A. I. , Zhuravlev V. V. ,   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2023

The article analyses the history of the amnesty granted by the Bolsheviks in 1921–1923 to nine Kolchak ministers led by P. I. Preobrazhensky, G. A. Krasnov, A. A. Gratsianov and N. Ya. Novombergsky, prominent figures of the anti-Bolshevik governments, convicted by the Extraordinary Siberian Revolutionary Tribunal at the open trial in Omsk on 20–30 May, 1920. Based on a wide range of archival sources, the authors have reconstructed the entire pardon process, from the improvements in conditions of detention to the official decision of the VTsIK. Amnesty is considered as a political tool of the Soviet power, which allowed the communist leadership of the country to effectively correct the cruel punitive policy, play the card of restoration of social justice, and win the victims over to its side. It is concluded that the pardon of the Kolchak ministers was an individual but significant component of the process of restoring civil peace in Russia at the end of the internal military-political confrontation. What made this amnesty unusual among the many similar acts announced by the Bolsheviks in 1922–1923 was that not the rank-and-file members of the anti-Soviet struggle were pardoned, but its immediate leaders. The main reason for the rehumanization of former enemies were their personal ties and contacts in the upper echelon of the Soviet leadership in Siberia, which were formed primarily in the course of joint activities. The main criterion for applying the amnesty was the high quality work of the Kolchak ministers in the economic departments of the Siberian Revolutionary Committee under the conditions of severe labor shortage.
German Influence and the Creation of Ukrainian Nationalist Organizations in 1920–1940
Authors:   Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mozokhin O. B.
Published: October 2023

The article reflects the process of influence of the German special services on the formation of numerous Ukrainian nationalist organizations. With the coming to power of Hitler, the ties of the OUN with the fascists are strengthening, while the leaders of the Ukrainian nationalists widely advertise not only their practical cooperation with fascism, but also their spiritual kinship with it. The Berlin center of the OUN becomes the body coordinating its work against the USSR. The establishment of Soviet power in Western Ukraine led to the defeat of the OUN, the leaders and most active members of nationalist organizations were forced to flee to the territory occupied by Germany, where the Germans created the most privileged position for them. The Germans began to use Ukrainian nationalists in conducting political and administrative events in occupied Poland. At the same time, measures are being taken to train military personnel from among the Ukrainian nationalists, espionage-terrorist and sabotage-insurgent activities are being intensified in case of intervention by the USSR. With the direct participation and assistance of the German command, Ukrainian nationalist-minded youth are trained in various military schools, training centers of the Abwehr. Under the patronage of Germany, the Ukrainian Uniate Greek Catholic Church operates in the General Government, which was used as a tribune through which nationalism was propagandized. Her plans included the unification of churches and the expansion of her influence not only in Ukraine, but also in the long term in the whole of Russia. A great influence on the Ukrainian population was exerted by various Ukrainian institutions and schools, where the Ukrainian nationalist ideology was formed.
Conversations, Dreams and Desires of the Inhabitants of Besieged Leningrad. 1941–1944
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Piankevich V. L. ,   St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2023

The author explores non-classical sources on the social history of besieged Leningrad — conversations, dreams and desires of the inhabitants of the city. Conversations, dreams and desires testify what is passionately desired, illusory and at the same time the most important for people. In relation to the history of the Siege of Leningrad, this has a special meaning, since it is a study of the fears, aspirations and hopes of a person in a catastrophe. The sources of studying of such specific forms of communication and auto-communication are reflections recorded in diaries, letters, memoirs, interviews. The author concludes that the dreams and desires of the inhabitants of besieged Leningrad, often remaining unfulfilled, reflected obvious and secret thoughts, fears, aspirations. Leningraders often told each other about their dreams, which were a bright moment of salvation to overcome the aching loneliness and stress. Thinking, speaking, dreaming about food, many have experienced or deliberately aroused in themselves a blissful, ecstatic state, returning with incredible pain to a deadly hungry reality. Men, women, children, people of different levels of education and culture were prone to daydreaming. The blockade present was so unbearable that the imagination painted a picture of well-being, comfort, satiety, peace in the past, which was experienced, familiar and sometimes seemed more real than the present and the future. The danger, often the practical impossibility of evacuation, transferred the physical movement to the space of sleep and dreams, where only the blockade could “act”. Such escapism allowed a person to escape the tyranny of blockaded reality. A very personal, private space which is a dream with the beginning of the war and especially the blockade, shrank to a very limited circle, the main ones in which were the lifting of the blockade and food.
The Image of the Enemy During the Initial period of the Great Patriotic War and the Rethinking of the Stereotypes of Soviet Propaganda of the Pre-War Period
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Makarova O. S.
Published: October 2023

The article notes that in the public consciousness and state propaganda, the image of the enemy was not clearly defined, which led to a blurred perception of external danger. The political leadership of the USSR understood that it was necessary to turn the thinking of the Soviet people, i. e. the need has ripened for the birth of a new image of the enemy, which should be different from what was formed in previous wars. The old propaganda dogmas about the international solidarity of workers and peasants have been shattered against harsh reality. The propagandists of the USSR at the beginning of the war did not need a special search for documentary evidence of the atrocities committed by the invaders. Until the end of the counter-offensive near Moscow on December 5, 1941 — January 7, 1942, bewilderment and fear were frequent in the minds of Soviet soldiers. The mobilized soldiers who were at the front for the first time had no idea about the enemy. The enemy, who conquered many states of Europe, and approached the walls of the capital, was perceived as a machine that could not be stopped. In 1942, Soviet agitators entered with numerous photographic materials and film documents, in which there was evidence of reprisals against children, women, and the elderly. The negative characterization of the enemy was expressed in the epithet — “animals”, the Soviet people learned to hate the enemy.