bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID-19 on individual income in tourism and hospitality industry in India: A difference-in-differences approach
Authors: Maiti Abhradeep
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates the impact of COVID-19 (or Novel Coronavirus) pandemic on the income and wage of individuals working in tourism and hospitality industry in India. As the tourism and hospitality industry is a labor-intensive industry, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic-induced economic downturn is expected to be particularly severe here. To estimate this impact, I use a large, representative panel survey from India, and employ difference-in-differences method in this study. The estimated decline in total income ranges between 3.12 and 6.39%, and wage fall ranges between 3.21 and 5.98%, for the sample with individuals who are still earning a non-zero income from this industry. Once I include the individuals who have completely lost their livelihood (zero income) due to COVID-19 pandemic in the sample, impact on income is estimated to be a fall of 58.69% and impact on wage is estimated to be a decline of 58.59%. I also discuss the recommendations made by UNWTO to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on tourism and hospitality industry, and map Indian government’s policy measures to those recommendations.
Telemedicine utilization and perceived quality of virtual care among pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Davis Ann , Bradley Dani
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The aim of this research was to examine the association between perceived quality of care during the COVID-19 pandemic and the modality of maternity care visits, virtual or in-person.

Methods

This study utilized an online nationwide survey about experiences in prenatal and postpartum care between 18 April and 6 August 2020. Perceived quality of care was categorized into worse care, better, or the same care as compared to before the pandemic. Barriers were categorized into five groups: (1) concern for the privacy of health information, (2) not having a private or quiet place, (3) lack of physical exam or measurements, (4) quality of care, and (5) technology issues. Data analyses included bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

The majority (75.3%) of modified visits utilized telemedicine. Over half of the women took at-home measurements and the majority were successful. Barriers to care included a lack of a quiet or private space to conduct their visit. Women expressed concerns about a lack of measurements and a lower quality of care. Women who received telemedicine visits perceived worse care as compared to women who received in-person care visits (OR = 5.62; 95% CI 5.01–6.31).

Discussion

Previous studies have shown that pregnant patients are generally satisfied with virtual care during the pandemic. This study provides insight from a large nationwide sample of women and geographic variation in satisfaction and perceived quality. These findings highlight barriers and potential solutions to improving patients’ perceived quality of virtual maternity care, and thus future uptake of high-quality, virtual care.
The economic evaluation of an Internet-based parental wellbeing intervention
Authors: Lee Peter , Sanders Davina , Milgrom Jeannette , Kavanagh David J , Scuffham Paul A
Published: November 2022

Background

Internet-based parental programmes may improve parental wellbeing and mitigate the burden of mental health issues during the perinatal period. However, few studies have explored the cost and clinical impacts of such interventions. In the present study, we sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness associated with an online cognitive behaviour therapy intervention ( Baby Steps Wellbeing) to an information-only programme (Baby Care).

Methods

An alongside-trial cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken using data from a randomised clinical trial comparing the Baby Steps Wellbeing intervention to Baby Care. Direct healthcare costs, as well as indirect costs attributed to income loss, were considered. The Assessment of Quality of Life-8 Dimensions multi-attribute utility instrument was used to estimate participant utilities, and subsequently calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated to assess the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. The economic evaluation adopted a societal perspective.

Results

In total, 496 parents were randomised to either the Baby Steps Wellbeing intervention or the Baby Care control arm. No significant differences in costs (−$27, 95% confidence interval (CI): −$1189–$1134) or QALYs (0.051, 95% CI: −0.097–0.200) were identified. Bootstrapped results showed that the Baby Steps Wellbeing programme was cost-saving and health improving in 38% of simulations and cost-effective in another 37% of simulations.

Conclusions

The Baby Steps Wellbeing programme was slightly cost-saving with slightly improved health outcomes compared with Baby Care. Bootstrapped results indicate the Baby Steps Wellbeing was cost-effective in 75% of simulations. Overall, the Baby Steps Wellbeing programme is an online programme that is cost-effective.

Trial registration

Australian & New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ANZCTR12614001256662.
Letermovir use to treat complex cytomegalovirus reactivations in two heart transplant recipients
Authors: Boignard Aude , Augier Caroline , Kheng Mathilde , Epaulard Olivier , Germi Raphaele
Published: November 2022

Letermovir, an anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) drug, is recommended as a prophylactic agent in patients at risk of CMV infection/reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. We report the curative and pre-emptive use of letermovir in two heart transplant recipients. In one patient with ganciclovir-resistant CMV, letermovir was successfully used to treat CMV colitis. In the second patient, letermovir was used as pre-emptive therapy for CMV reactivation, but did not prevent CMV esophagitis. In both cases, letermovir was successful for secondary prophylaxis. Curative use of letermovir may be considered if resistance or major adverse effect of other antivirals therapy is suspected.
Identification and characterization of selected silyl substituted silyl anions by liquid injection field desorption ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Lainer Thomas , Fischer Roland C , Haas Michael
Published: November 2022

Silyl anions are crucial building blocks in silicon chemistry and are frequently used in organosilicon chemistry. These so-called silanides are negatively charged three-coordinate species, isoelectronic to carbanions. In this contribution, we synthesized already literature known and unknown anionic silicon species. Here we focused on silyl substituted silyl anions with different substituted silicon atoms like hydrogen, methyl, and methoxy groups. Furthermore, we investigated these species with liquid injection field desorption ionization mass spectrometry.
Tales from the crypt: A psychoanalytic approach to disability representation in advertising
Authors: Södergren Jonatan , Hietanen Joel , Vallström Niklas
Published: November 2022

Representation is key in the politics of mass-mediated consumer society. Although previous research has noted that representation in advertising generates greater societal visibility for people with disabilities, focus has largely been on negative unintended consequences from a psychological or socio-cultural perspective. The purpose of this study is to explore the complexities involved in the making of a collective psyche related to disability, pointing instead to how the psychic and the social are mutually constitutive. By focusing on market-mediated representation in the form of advertising campaigns, we highlight both potentials and pitfalls of social transformation such as reducing stigma. We use, as revelatory cases, two relatively recent campaigns that sought to include people with disabilities on the Swedish market. We build upon Abraham and Torok’s psychoanalytic theorizing to offer a novel approach of studying market inclusion in the context of disability representation. By delineating the “social crypt,” we elucidate two processes by which stigmatized narratives enter the public consciousness: incorporation (i.e., a process by which stigma is reproduced in the collective unconscious) and introjection (i.e., a form of gradual awareness leading to destigmatization). We find that the inclusion of disability in advertising can potentially work to reduce stigma, but also to inadvertently serve as a subtler form of market exclusion by intensifying the cultural semiotics of capitalized ableism.
Practices of thrift among high cultural capital consumers. When economic status gets in the way of ethics
Authors: Bargain-Darrigues Gaëlle
Published: November 2022

Practices and preferences of high cultural capital consumers are being reconfigured as a consequence of their incorporated ecological and social concerns. Yet, while their status and tastes are primarily influenced by their cultural position, their consumption logics also reflect their economic situation, which tends to be relatively secure and comfortable. As the limits of ethically-labeled substitution strategies are being exposed, high cultural capital consumers are forced to reconsider their living standards. In this context, the spread of online gifting communities in rather well-off and highly-educated neighborhoods suggests that thrift practices are popularizing, while being ethicized, among advantaged individuals. How does thrift fit into these consumers’ lifestyles? To what extent does it contribute to alleviate the tensions between their ethical principles and material standards? Through an analysis of thirty-five semi-structured interviews with participants in online gifting communities, this study finds that the adoption of thrift practices by high cultural capital consumers is indeed largely motivated by anti-consumerist concerns. Yet, the extent to which these consumers incorporate them in their everyday lives is conditioned by their position within the dominant consumption field, itself partially determined by their economic status. While trash-avoiding practices are highly consistent among respondents and align with their declared aversion to material waste, consumption reduction strategies vary by income level and are influenced by conventional logics of consumption. By adapting critically-motivated practices to their existing consumption patterns, these high cultural capital consumers redefine ethical consumption from within the broader field of consumption, not simply opposing it. At the same time, they legitimize its contesting dimension, revealing a dialectical relation between ethical and conventional consumption.
An Arendtian perspective on responsibilized heroes: Why marketing needs a new model of heroic action
Authors: Go Jefferies Josephine
Published: November 2022

This paper explains how disadvantaged consumers challenge their subjugated positioning through self-discipline, recursive reflexivity and narration. Although it is possible to interpret their agency as complicit with their responsibilization, viewing responsibilized consumers’ entanglement in dynamic market formation as complicity in their disadvantage forecloses on their ability to resist. Instead, this paper argues resistance at the human level involves subjectivation processes according to different spatiotemporal logics. This means resistance paradoxically resembles conformity within a heroic path of resistance against their social disadvantage. Drawing on Arendt’s (1958) categorization of human activities helps surface the politics of resistance at the human level from self-interest to collective interest and social change. The findings suggest theoretical realignment is needed to (1) delineate the limits of responsibilization to adequately explain heterogeneous types of self-discipline within subjectivation processes; and (2) expose the spatiotemporal and political nature of compliance and resistance to market and non-market forces.
Challenges and opportunities in providing dementia care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples living in rural and remote areas
Authors: Haydon Helen M , Smith Anthony C , Gleed Lauren , Neuhaus Maike , Lawton Sheryl , Caffery Liam J
Published: November 2022

Dementia rates within Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations are estimated to be three to five times higher than non-Indigenous populations. Geographical and cultural barriers demand creative ways of delivering culturally appropriate effective dementia care. Focus groups and interviews with people ( N = 73) from three Aboriginal Medical Services and communities explored attitudes toward, and experiences of dementia care and services. A thematic analysis highlighted the juxtaposition between biomedical and culturally appropriate models of dementia care. Services at the cultural interface can be adapted to facilitate appropriate dementia care at a local level allowing people to stay on Country, supported by people within one’s own Community.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test With Comorbidity Index Before Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Yeon Sang Hoon , Lee Myung-Won , Thuy Duong Pham Thi , Kang Sora , Jee Sungju , Ahn So-Young , Ryu Hyewon , Lee Hyo-Jin , Kwon Jung Hye , Yun Hwan-Jung , Jo Deog-Yeon , Song Ik-Chan
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the role of the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with comorbidity index as a predictor of overall survival (OS) and non-relapse mortality (NRM) in patients with hematological malignancies who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed consecutive adult patients with hematological malignancies who underwent HLA-matched donor-HSCT at Chungnam National University Hospital (Daejeon, South Korea) between January 2014 and December 2020. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was classified using the recommendations of the Mayo Clinic database.

Results:

Of 72 patients, 38 (52.8%) had VO2max values lower than the 25th percentile (VO2max ≤ 25th) of an age- and sex-matched normal population. Patients with VO2max ≤ 25th had no significant differences both OS and NRM (30 month OS 29.8% vs 41%, P = .328; and 30 month NRM 16% vs 3.3%, P = .222), compared with other patients. VO2max ≤ 25th was assigned a weight of 1 when added to the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-specific Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) to form a composite comorbidity/CPET index (HCT-CI/CPET). Patients with HCT-CI/CPET scores of 0 to 1 demonstrated significantly better OS and NRM than did patients with HCT-CI/CPET scores ≥2 [median OS not reached vs 6 months, P < .001 and 30 month NRM 7.4% vs 33.3%, P = .006]. An HCT-CI/CPET score ≥2 was the only adverse risk factor for NRM on multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR) of NRM 10.36 (95% CI 1.486-2.25, P = .018)].

Conclusion:

The composite HCT-CI/CPET score can predict the survival and mortality of patients with hematological malignancies who undergo allogeneic HSCT.
Trans-Cervical Endovascular Management of Saccular Aneurysm of the Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Using a Self-Expanding Nitinol Base ePTFE Covered Stent
Authors: LAI Wai Yin , CHAN Yiu Che , CHENG Stephen W.
Published: November 2022

Saccular aneurysm of the extracranial internal carotid artery is rare. We present a 56-year-old lady presented with a progressively enlarging pulsatile swelling over the right neck, and the right internal carotid artery aneurysm was successfully treated with trans-carotid endovascular stenting of right common to right carotid artery using a self-expanding nitinol base ePTFE covered stent (COVERA Plus™ stent, Bard, Tempe, USA). The external carotid artery was prophylactically embolised to prevent back bleeding. New generation covered stents have consistently improved flexibility and conformability, and this is to our knowledge the first reported case in the world’s literature of using this type of self-expanding nitinol base ePTFE covered stent in endovascular stenting of carotid artery aneurysms, with excellent short-term results.
The Interleaving Trails of Lifestyle and Wilderness
Authors: Moore Michael S.
Published: November 2022

Wilderness medicine (WM) and lifestyle medicine (LM) both aim to use creative methods to promote health. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the effects of wilderness environments on health and elaborate on the intersections of WM and LM. The three theories describing potential mechanisms of health promotion in the wilderness environment—biophilia theory, stress reduction theory (SRT), and attention restoration theory (ART)—are presented. Activity in the wilderness environment is associated with improved cardiovascular fitness and cognitive performance, better sleep/wake cycles when not at altitude or extremely cold weather, better stress management, positive social interactions, and avoidance of risky substances. Wilderness is medicine and may be used as such to promote vigor and vitality in our patients.
Technical and clinical success after venous sinus stenting for treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension using a novel guide catheter for access: Case series and initial multi-center experience
Authors: Zyck Stephanie , Malik Muhammad , Webb Matthew , Mohammed Marwa , Powers Ciaran J , Birnbaum Lee , Hawk Harris , Brinjikji Waleed , Nimjee Shahid M.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Venous sinus stenting is a well established alternative to cerebrospinal fluid diversion for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) with associated venous sinus stenosis. During this procedure, distal guide catheter placement within the venous sinuses may be desirable to facilitate stent delivery. We report our initial experience using the TracStar LDP™ (Imperative Care, Campbell, USA, 0.088-inch inner diameter) as the guide catheter for intracranial access during venous sinus stenting.

Methods

A multi-institutional retrospective chart review of a prospectively maintained IRB-approved database was performed. Consecutive patients who underwent venous sinus stenting from 1/1/2020-9/6/2021 for IIH were included. Patient characteristics, procedural details, TracStar distal reach, outcomes, and complications were collected and analyzed.

Results

Fifty-eight patients were included. The mean age was 33.8 years and 93.1% of patients were female. Visual changes prompted evaluation in 86.2% of patients. Stent placement was successful in all patients. The TracStar LDP catheter was advanced to the location of stent placement in 97.9% of cases in which it was attempted. The large 0.088-inch inner diameter lumen enabled compatibility with all desired stent sizes ranging from six to 10 millimeters. Gradient pressure across transverse sinus stenosis dropped from an average of 19.5 mmHg pre-procedure to 1.7 mmHg post-stent placement (p < 0.001). Clinical improvement was achieved in 87.9% (51/58) of patients. There were no catheter-related complications.

Conclusion

The TracStar LDP is a safe and effective access platform for reaching treatment locations in patients who present with idiopathic intracranial hypertension and who are candidates for venous sinus stent placement.
An Analytical Tool for Visual Data Analysis: Application to the Mmogo-Method®
Authors: Baart Andries , Roos Vera
Published: November 2022

An analytical tool that enables experienced researchers and non-experts to analyse participant-created visual data has so far remained underexplored. Existing frameworks to analyse participant-generated visual data tend to use selected theoretical frameworks, guided by participants’ interpretations, to generalise results, test hypotheses, or to identify representational meanings. Analyses of visual data as separate units employ mainly content analysis or (social) semiotic analysis. This article presents a tool for conducting a systematic and transparent analysis of image-based research data by adopting an empiricist and pragmatist approach. We designed a step-by-step procedure to guide researchers individually or in a group to conduct an analysis of such data. Our prototype—which we named Created-Image Data Analysis (CIDA)—was developed by applying design-based research. The CIDA tool consists of five phases, each with an analytical focus and operational questions. Phase 1 covers the basic information; Phase 2 examines the elements and organisation of the visual representation; Phase 3 analyses its logic or cohesion; Phase 4 interprets meaning; and Phase 5 concludes with an evaluation. We applied CIDA to an example of visual data obtained by applying the Mmogo-method in which participants use materials such as clay, dried grass stalks, and beads of different sizes and colours to respond to a researcher-introduced prompt. The CIDA tool is applicable to all static participant-created visual data obtained during research, but it has not yet been tested for analysing moving image-based data. The tool qualifies as heuristic; it offers a systematic procedure to guide an analysis with data-grounded interpretations. The analysis is replicable and open to scrutiny. When the findings from the textual data are considered in combination with the participant-created visual data, the trustworthiness of the interpretations of these datasets is enhanced. This analytical tool enables a rigorous procedure applicable to visual data across subject disciplines and for different research purposes.
Study of Educational Trajectories Through Biograms and Semantic Exploration, an Approach to Narrative Studies
Authors: Bernárdez Gómez Abraham , Portela Pruaño Antonio , Nieto Cano José Miguel , Rodríguez Entrena María Jesús
Published: November 2022

The aim of this paper is to describe an approach to the study of the educational trajectories of students at risk of exclusion and to discuss the suitability of this methodological procedure for a narrative approach. In this research, the theory of the life course by reconstructing life stories has been used to observe how the different experiences in the educational trajectory of these students develop and how these affect their involvement with their studies and school. Through this paper, the research process will be exposed, from the epistemological foundation of research to the method employed for the analysis and discussion of results. A way to delve into an insufficiently explored form of research will be proposed. The application of Barton and Lazarsfeld’s qualitative analysis procedures is novel in the paper; not only for the depth achieved in the analysis of the trajectories of the subjects, but also for the possibility of its integral application in the data analysis software ATLAS.ti. The main conclusions reached in this text are: (1) the full validity of the analysis procedures established by Barton and Lazarsfeld; (2) the progress that supposes its application with the support of the software ATLAS.ti; (3) Semantic exploration through the tools available facilitates the deepening of the development of biographical-narrative research.
First case of relining an aortic bifurcated bypass graft with the Altura endograft to treat anastomotic aneurysms
Authors: Georgakarakos Efstratios , Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Georgiadis George S
Published: November 2022

Objective

Use of classic bifurcated endografts for relining of bifurcated aortic bypass grafts with aneurysms is usually precluded by the short distance between the lowermost renal artery and the aneurysmatic bifurcation, rendering their management challenging.

Methods

We present the use of the Altura endograft in a case of a 75-year old male with large anastomotic aneurysms in the proximal and the left iliac amastomosis of a bifurcated aortic bypass graft. The Altura endograft consists of two separate components with a proximal D-shaped design. Its braided nitinol endoskeleton is attached only at the proximal and distal ends of the inner surface of the polyester fabric and results in adjustable lengths of the components according to the vessel diameters where they are deployed.

Results

A 24 mm Altura sealed successfully at the native infarenal aortic segment covering the entire distance between the lowermost renal artery and the upper end of external iliac artery, providing successful exclusion of the aneurysms. No iliac extensions were used. The completion angiography showed no endoleaks.

Conclusions

The unique design of Altura makes it ideal for treatment of anastomotic aneurysms of bifurcated bypass grafts, overcoming anatomic limitations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report addressing this crucial issue.
The Trouble with Diversity: The Cultural Sector and Ethnic Inequality
Authors: Ali Roaa , Byrne Bridget
Published: November 2022

Diversity has increasingly become coveted in the Creative and Cultural Industries (CCIs), with a significant presence in institutional and policy vocabularies. The concern to employ diverse staff and cater to diverse audiences is driven by socio-economic rationales and in terms of ethnicity, the focus of this article, is justified by the levels of ethnic inequality within CCIs. This article argues that the painfully slow progress in advancing ethnic equality in CCIs pertains to the discursive conceptualisation of diversity, which translates into practices lacking in efficacy and legacy. It traces the evolution of the diversity discourse in CCIs from impassioned calls against racial inequality to a less politically conscious multicultural vision of society, and shifts to a discourse on creative diversity. Focusing on the production of, rather than representation in, culture, the article draws uniquely on an intensive institutional ethnography and interviews in two organisations in the museum and TV production sectors, both of which had committed to diversifying their workforce and practice. With a recognition of the historical and contextual differences in the two sectors’ approaches to diversity, we present an analysis of the micro institutional ways in which diversity is performed as a way of understanding the macro workings of diversity in CCIs at large. Our empirical discussion examines Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) policy as one of the more institutionally entrenched and visible practices of diversity and explores diversity schemes as a ‘quick fix’ that cultural organisations have increasingly pursued. While examining these practices, we centre the experiences of ethnically diverse cultural workers as the bearers of diversity work in the context of what we term white institutional benevolence. Those accounts reveal a complex web of intersecting institutional and socio-cultural barriers that need to be urgently addressed for a future cultural sector that is purposely anti-racist, equal and representative.
Radiological imaging of the trapeziometacarpal joint: a historical and clinical perspective
Authors: Van Royen Kjell , Van Royen Arn , Vanmierlo Bert , Goorens Chul Ki , De Vos Joris , Goubau Jean
Published: November 2022

The opposable thumb provides both stability and mobility and is needed to accomplish different prehensile tasks. The trapezium is a complex bone, with a distal articular surface that is convex in the sagittal plane of the thumb and concave in the coronal plane of the thumb. The numerous additional articulations with the carpus and the oblique orientation to the main plane of the hand makes it difficult to evaluate the trapeziometacarpal joint using standard hand or wrist radiographic views. This review gives an overview of the different radiological views that have been described for the thumb with an emphasis on their historical origin and positioning during radiography. We also describe different measurements and classifications that can be obtained using different thumb radiographs.
The ipsilateral olecranon tip is a suitable anatomic autograft for unrepairable coronoid fractures: A comparative three-dimensional mapping analysis
Authors: Putman Stephen A , Farooq Hassan , Chauhan Aakash , Jiang Feifei , Chen Jie , Hastings Hill , Merrell Gregory A
Published: November 2022

Background

Perform computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional (3D) mapping analysis of the ipsilateral olecranon tip to determine its suitability as an autograft for unrepairable coronoid fractures.

Methods

CT was evaluated using Mimics 13.0 and 3-matic software (Materialise, Inc., Leuven, Belgium). Coronoid fracture fragment was measured from the medial sublime tubercle to the halfway point of the proximal radioulnar joint. Ipsilateral olecranon tip graft was measured at the equivalent height of the coronoid fragment and the angle of graft “cut” necessary to match the coronoid fragment was measured. The overall width of each graft site was measured in thirds and the congruity of surface geometry was measured by overlapping both fragments. The ipsilateral olecranon tip lateral facet which rotates to become the coronoid medial facet was also measured.

Results

The olecranon tip and coronoid fragments were similar in average maximum height and width. The average angle of graft cut needed to match the coronoid fragment was 86°. The average difference between the medial facet of the coronoid and lateral facet of the olecranon was <2 mm.

Discussion

The ipsilateral olecranon tip can be harvested through the same surgical incision and function as a local autograft during reconstruction of unrepairable coronoid fractures.
‘We’re not useless, we know stuff!’ Gathering children’s voices to inform policy
Authors: Barblett Lennie , Bobongie-Harris Francis , Cartmel Jennifer , Hadley Fay , Harrison Linda , Irvine Susan , Lavina Leanne
Published: November 2022

‘We’re not useless, we know stuff!’, said a four-year-old when asked why adults should ask him what he thinks about his experiences at his early learning centre. This paper describes the literature and methods used to gather children’s voices in early childhood and education (ECEC) settings across Stage 1 and 2 of the 3 stage national Learning Frameworks Update project. Asking children about their ideas and experiences was undertaken by familiar educators using research tools designed and supported by the research team. The methods of dialogic drawing, talking circles and visual elicitation were described and further explained to enable educators to gather children’s perspectives on their learning experiences in ECEC contexts. We reflect on the efficacy of these methods, approaches and strategies to support meaning-making from a diverse representation of children and how this can influence policy decision-making.
New Visions of the Good Life: Entrepreneurial Pursuits of Chinese Elite University Students
Authors: Hjortshøj Naja Morell
Published: November 2022

In recent years, efforts to promote entrepreneurship as a possible career path for Chinese university students have intensified alongside the implementation of the official campaign of “mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation” (大众创业, 万众创新, dazhong chuangye, wanzhong chuangxin). Based on semi-structured interviews and long-term ethnographic fieldwork conducted at two Chinese elite universities, this article examines what motivates young Chinese to become entrepreneurs. It is argued that Chinese students imagine entrepreneurship as an alternative to ceaseless striving for high-paying jobs. They believe that becoming entrepreneurs will enable them to pursue their own interests, engage in meaningful projects, experience a life of excitement and variation, and become masters of their own time. This notion of the good life ties in with broader discourses of well-being that are currently proliferating among youth in urban China.
COVID-19 smart surveillance: Examination of Knowledge of Apps and mobile thermometer detectors (MTDs) in a high-risk society
Authors: Sayibu Muhideen , Chu Jianxun , Tosin Yinka Akintunde , Rufai Olayemi Hafeez , Shahani Riffat , Jin MA
Published: November 2022

Background

Technological innovations gained momentum and supported COVID-19 intelligence surveillance among high-risk populations globally. We examined technology surveillance using mobile thermometer detectors (MTDs), knowledge of App, and self-efficacy as a means of sensing body temperature as a measure of COVID-19 risk mitigation. In a cross-sectional survey, we explored COVID-19 risk mitigation, mobile temperature detectable by network syndromic surveillance mobility, detachable from clinicians, and laboratory diagnoses to elucidate the magnitude of community monitoring.

Materials and Methods

In a cross-sectional survey, we create in-depth comprehension of risk mitigation, mobile temperature Thermometer detector, and other variables for surveillance and monitoring among 850 university students and healthcare workers. An applied structural equation model was adopted for analysis with Amos v.24. We established that mobile usability knowledge of APP could effectively aid in COVID-19 intelligence risk mitigation. Moreover, both self-efficacy and mobile temperature positively strengthened data visualization for public health decision-making.

Results

The algorithms utilize a validated point-of-center test to ascertain the HealthCode scanning system for a positive or negative COVID-19 notification. The MTD is an alternative personal self-testing procedure used to verify temperature rates based on previous SARS-CoV-2 and future mobility digital health. Personal self-care of MTD mobility and knowledge of mHealth apps can specifically manage COVID-19 mitigation in high or low terrestrial areas. We found mobile usability, mobile self-efficacy, and app knowledge were statistically significant to COVID-19 mitigation. Additionally, interaction strengthened the positive relationship between self-efficacy and COVID-19. Data aggregation is entrusted with government database agencies, using natural language processing and machine learning mechanisms to validate and analyze.

Conclusion

The study shows that temperature thermometer detectors, mobile usability, and knowledge of App enhanced COVID-19 risk mitigation in a high or low-risk environment. The standardizing dataset is necessary to ensure privacy and security preservation of data ethics.
The Relationship of Family and School Environments with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Jordanian Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rayan Ahmad , Harb Alaa Mohamad , Baqeas Manal Hassan , Al.Khashashneh Osama Zuhair , Harb Eman
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Depression, anxiety, and stress are highly prevalent among adolescents. The role of impaired family and school environments in adolescents’ depression, anxiety, and stress in Jordan has yet to be established.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore the association of family and school environments with the depression, anxiety, and stress of adolescents in Jordan.

Methods

A cross-sectional correlational survey was used. A sample of 220 adolescents aged 12–18 years completed the study. Data were collected about family and school environments and adolescents’ depression, anxiety, and stress.

Results

School climate had a strong significant relationship with both general family functioning ( r = .53, p < 0.01) and family process ( r  = .58, p  < 0.01). General family functioning and school climate were uniquely associated with stress, anxiety, and depression ( Β = −.280 or higher), p < 0.05, controlling for demographics.

Conclusion

The general family functioning and overall school climate were shown to play important role in adolescents’ depression, anxiety, and stress. School nurses and psychiatric nurses may want to respond to the needs of adolescents with depression, anxiety, and stress through campaigns, lectures, and conferences and encourage them to access professional psychological counseling.
Epidemiology of Isolated Ankle Dislocations in the United States
Authors: Ortiz-Babilonia Carlos D. , Gupta Arjun , Badin Daniel , Mo Kevin C. , Aiyer Amiethab A.
Published: November 2022

Category:

Trauma; Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

Isolated ankle dislocations (IADs) are rare type of dislocation associated with significant morbidity. Prompt reduction is indicated to prevent negative sequelae. Considering the potential negative outcomes associated with this injury, we sought to identify populations at increased risk.

Methods:

The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried to identify patients who presented to Emergency Departments (EDs) in the U.S. for IADs between 2001-2019. NEISS codes indicating ankle dislocation as the primary diagnosis were utilized. Population estimates were derived from the U.S. Census Bureau for calculation of incidence in person- years. Chi-square analysis and Wald chi-square tests were performed to assess differences between subgroups.

Results:

An estimated 52,520 IADs (2,862 per year) were identified among a population at risk of 5,853,993,882 person-years. The estimated incidence of IADs in the general population presenting to EDs was 0.90 per 100,000 person-years. Patients with IADs were most commonly male (61.6%), white (71.9%), and between 15-35 years old (60.1%). Patients aged 15-20 years comprised the highest proportion of IADs (19.6%). Surprisingly, sport-related activities accounted for a minority of injuries (38.2%), with most of these occurring during basketball (47.8%), football (12.9%), and soccer (9.8%). Most IADs were due to non- athletic activity, with falls from stairs (30.8%) and ladders (13.4%), and skateboarding (5.0%) being the most common mechanisms. When comparing injured male and female patients, female patients were older (45.2 vs 32.0 years; P<0.001), more likely to be injured during non-athletic activities (83.9% vs 48.1%; P<0.001), and more likely to be hospitalized after ED visit (27.3% vs 17.6%; P<0.001).

Conclusion:

IADs are extremely rare. They occur most frequently during non-athletic activities in young-to-middle-aged Caucasian men. Although more common in males, females with IADs tend to be older, more likely to be injured during non- athletic activities compared to sports, and more likely to be hospitalized. This suggests that, when IADs do occur in women, they may be at higher risk for negative outcomes.
Trends in Ankle Sprains Presenting to Emergency Departments During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ortiz-Babilonia Carlos D. , Gupta Arjun , Mo Kevin C. , Aiyer Amiethab A.
Published: November 2022

Category:

Trauma; Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

It has been suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to patients deferring evaluation and treatment of injuries due to fear of contagion. This, in addition to lockdowns and avoidance of outside activities, may have led to a decrease in the recorded incidence of activity-related injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the 2020 COVID-19 period on Emergency Department (ED) visits for ankle sprains in the United States, including incidence, demographics, and etiology.

Methods:

The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried to identify patients who presented to EDs in the U.S. for ankle sprains between 2001-2020. Population estimates were derived from the U.S. Census Bureau from 2001- 2020 for calculation of incidence in person-years. Chi-square analysis and Wald chi-square tests were performed to assess differences between pre-pandemic (2001-2019) and during-pandemic (2020) periods.

Results:

Between 2001 and 2020, a total of 315,545 actual ankle sprains were identified in the NEISS database for an estimated 11,904,243 ankle sprains (610,445.2 per year) among a population at risk of 6,185,494,962 person-years. The estimated incidence of ankle sprains in the general population presenting to EDs was 1.92 per 1000 person-years. When analyzing pre- and during- pandemic cohorts, ankle sprain incidence was significantly lower during-pandemic (1.98 vs 0.89 per 1000 person-years; P<0.001). Additionally, patients that visited EDs for ankle sprains during the pandemic were older (30.5% vs 27.0%; P<0.001), more likely to be female (57.8% vs 51.8%; P<0.001), and more likely to be Asian (0.83% vs 0.44%; P=0.047), Native American (0.62% vs 0.18%; P=0.001), or of Pacific Islander race (0.13% vs 0.04%; P=0.008). Ankle sprains were due to sport-related activities in 38% of patients pre-pandemic, as opposed to 29% of patients during-pandemic (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

The incidence of ankle sprains decreased 65% in 2020, probably owing to activity restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was further supported by a significant decrease in the proportion of ankle sprains due to sport-related activities. Finally, changes in age, gender, and racial patterns were also identified for this injury type.
Rates of Complications and Readmissions: In-Patient vs Outpatient ORIF of Calcaneus Fractures
Authors: Patch David A. , Andrews Nicholas A. , Butler Reed , Campbell Collier , Byrd William , Devine Lee T. , Spitler Clay A. , Johnson Michael D.
Published: November 2022

Category:

Hindfoot; Trauma

Introduction/Purpose:

Calcaneus fractures are common injuries to the hindfoot. The safety of in-patient versus outpatient treatment in patients with calcaneus fractures remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to assess differences in wound complications and readmissions in operative calcaneus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in an in- patient versus outpatient setting.

Methods:

Patients undergoing ORIF for calcaneus fractures from 2012 to 2020 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were age greater than 18 years and an operative calcaneus fracture treated with the sinus tarsi approach (STA). Exclusion criteria consisted of a minimum of three months follow-up, open calcaneal fractures or fracture dislocations, inpatients with polytrauma, and patients without a preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. A total of 113 patients met inclusion criteria with 24 (21%) managed inpatient and 89 (79%) managed as outpatient. The primary outcomes were deep infection defined as return to the operating room for debridement with positive cultures and readmissions. Secondary outcomes included implant related pain and unplanned return to the operating room.

Results:

Inpatients had a higher percentage of ASA classification 3&4 patients (58.3% vs 29.2%, p=0.008). Outpatients had a longer delay in days between injury and definitive fixation (mean 8 (8.9 SD, 0-31 range) vs. 14 (12.4 SD, 0-91 range) days, p=0.009). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of deep infections (8.3% vs. 4.5%, p=.606), implant related pain (8.3% vs. 15.7%, p=.516), return to the operating room (16.7% vs. 15.7%, p=1.0) or readmissions (4.2% vs. 3.4%, p=1.0) between inpatient and outpatient groups including in binary logistic regression models (p>.3 for all). In our retrospective study of patients undergoing operative repair of isolated calcaneus fractures with STA, there was no increased risk of wound complications or readmissions when calcaneus fractures were treated in an outpatient setting.

Conclusion:

In our retrospective study of patients undergoing operative repair of isolated calcaneus fractures with STA, there was no increased risk of wound complications or readmissions when calcaneus fractures were treated in an outpatient setting.
Resection of a Symptomatic Os Vesalianum with Peroneus Brevis Reattachment: A Report of 3 Cases and Literature Review of 100 Years
Authors: Rammelt Stefan , Neumann Annika Pauline
Published: November 2022

Category:

Midfoot/Forefoot; Sports

Introduction/Purpose:

Os vesalianum is a very rare accessory foot bone located adjacent to the fifth metatarsal base. The estimated prevalence is below 1 %. In most cases it remains asymptomatic and is diagnosed as an incidental radiographic finding. Rarely the os vesalianum causes pain in the lateral midfoot. Therefore, only a few case reports about a symptomatic os vesalianum were published in the past. Here, we present what we believe to be the first small case series on that subject together with a review of the literature.

Methods:

Over a course of 10 years, we have treated three female patients (aged 18-36 years) who presented with pain on exercise in their lateral midfoot over the fifth metatarsal base. All of them had been diagnosed having a nonunion of the fifth metatarsal base, two after having sustained a direct or indirect trauma to the foot. The diagnosis of an accessory bone (os vesalianum) adjacent to the fifth metatarsal base fracture and with a joint facet to the cuboid bone could be made in retrospect in all cases by critically evaluating the initial radiographs. Technetium bone scans revealed an isolated increased uptake at the fifth metatarsal base. Upon surgical exploration, an irritation of the lateral facet of the cuboid with focal cartilage lesion through the accessory bone was noted in all 3 cases as a potential source of pain.

Results:

In all three cases, resection of the symptomatic os vesalianum and reinsertion of the peroneus brevis tendon into the fifth metatarsal base with a suture anchor was performed an led to a complete relief of pain within 3 months. At a minimum of 12 months follow-up all three patients fully returned to all previous activities including sports. The foot function index (FFI-D) improved from an average of 25.7 to an average of 3.67 at follow-up. One patient had a prominent subcutaneous suture knot removed, otherwise no complications were seen and no revision surgeries were needed in the further course. A systematic review of the literature revealed just 20 reported cases of a symptomatic os versalianum over 100 years (between 1922 and 2021). Previous treatment included observation, rest, resection with or without tendon reattachment, internal fixation and bone grafting.

Conclusion:

The knowledge of the location and morphology of accessory bones is indispensable when searching for rare causes of chronic foot pain. An os vesalianum may become symptomatic after direct and indirect trauma. The differential diagnosis must include an acute fifth metatarsal base fracture, non-union, or apophysitis (Iselin's disease), a distal peroneus brevis tendon lesion and lateral plantar fasciopathy. Resection of a symptomatic os vesalianum with reattachment of the peroneus brevis tendon to the 5th metatarsal base leads to a foot that is pain free and fully functional in most reported cases including the present series.