bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postsurgical Presentation of Zollinger–Ellison Syndrome After Resection of Endometrioid Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Almuhaidb Aymen , Davidson Nicholas O.
Published: May 2021

Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is a functional neuroendocrine tumor with inappropriate gastrin secretion and hyperchlorhydria causing severe peptic ulcer disease and chronic diarrhea. Although 70% of primary gastrinomas occur in the region of the duodenum, the diagnosis and localization of gastrinomas can be challenging because of small lesions that may arise functionally as lymph node metastases at initial presentation. We report a 76-year-old woman presenting with Zollinger–Ellison syndrome several months after surgical resection of endometrioid small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and endometrioid adenocarcinoma.
Endoscopic Mucosectomy: A Novel Technique for Management of Polypoidal Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome
Authors: Jha Ashish Kumar , Purkayastha Subham , Dayal Vishwa Mohan
Published: May 2021

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is an uncommon disorder often challenging to treat. Surgical treatment is associated with suboptimal outcomes and postoperative complications. Argon plasma coagulation helps control rectal bleeding and healing of ulcers, but more extended follow-up data are not available. The macroscopic appearance of SRUS can be polypoid in 17%–25% of cases. Here, we describe a novel endoscopic technique for treating symptomatic patients with polypoidal variant of SRUS after failed medical and endoscopic argon plasma coagulation treatments.
Schistosoma japonicum Associated With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Almoghrabi Anas , Mzaik Obaie , Attar Bashar
Published: May 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with increasing prevalence in Asian countries with a crude incidence of 21.1 per 100,000. Schistosoma is a genus of trematodes that infect millions of humans, affecting multiple organs, notably the intestines, liver, and bladder. Those trematodes may cause chronic inflammation in the affected organ leading to long-term complications such as fibrosis and neoplasia. There is rising evidence that infection with Schistosoma japonicum is correlated with the liver and CRC in endemic Asian countries. It is reported that chronic infection with Schistosomiasis raises the risk of CRC by 3 times. Less commonly seen outside of endemic areas, we present a case of S. japonicum-associated CRC in the United States in a woman with sigmoid adenocarcinoma and Schistosoma japonicum infection.
Microbiome Responses to Vancomycin Treatment in a Child With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Britto Savini Lanka , Hoffman Kristi Louise , Tessier Mary Elizabeth , Petrosino Joseph , Miloh Tamir , Kellermayer Richard
Published: May 2021

The therapeutic effects of off-label oral vancomycin in pediatric and adult primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)-inflammatory bowel disease, more commonly PSC-ulcerative colitis (UC), indicate the translational relevance of disease-associated microbiome findings. This is the first report on longitudinal salivary and fecal microbiome changes in a pediatric PSC-UC patient over the first 90 days of vancomycin therapy. Increase in bacterial diversity and abundance changes in Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, and Neisseria were observed. Our findings highlight the importance of longitudinal microbiome sampling in PSC-UC and serve as a nidus for larger-scale observations toward advancing microbial therapeutics for PSC.
Prevalencia del Síndrome de Combinación y sus factores asociados en la Clínica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca, periodo 2015-2016
Authors: García Orellana Brian Andrés , León Vintimilla María de Lourdes , Cornejo Córdova Martha Alejandra , Chamba Montaño Verónica Cecibel
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: The set of pathological changes in the stomatognathic system in the presence of a total maxillary prosthesis and a removable partial mandibular prosthesis has been described as the Combi-nation Syndrome. The main purpose of this study was to determine its prevalence and if features such as age, sex or type of mandibular edentulism are associated with the syndrome in the patients of the Odon-tologic Clinic of the of Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Cuenca during the academic period 2015-2016. METhODS: Cuantitative, cross sectional descriptive and correlational study. The sample consisted of 312 edentulous patients. The diagnosis of the syndrome in this study was determined by the presence of a minimum of three associated signs. We determine the prevalence of combiantion syndrome and the association between sex, age and edentulism type and combination syndrome. RESUlTS: The prevalence of combination syndrome is 21.8%. Adults 60 years or older (1.8 times higher probability) and patients who suffer from Kennedy class I partial edentulism (3.6 times higher probability than other types of edentulism), have a higher probability for developing the syndrome. CONClUSiON: The prevalence of CS was 21.8%, age and suffering from Kennedy class I partial edentulism should be considered as risk factors for developing the syndrome. KEYWORDS: PARTIAL DENTURE, COMPLETE DENTURE, PREVALENCE, EDENTULOUS JAW.
Knowledge on Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Behavior among Working Mothers and Housewives : A Cohort Study
Authors: Nandini Nurhasmadiar , Handayani Novia , Chalidyanto Djazuly , Pudjirahardjo Widodo Jatim , Putri Nuzulul Kusuma
Published: May 2021

Background : Surabaya is one of the cities with low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in East Java. The average rate of babies who got exclusive breastfeeding in Surabaya from 2012 to 2015 was 63.13% (target 80%). Decision about whether to breastfeed or not is a challenge for every mother, especially for working mothers. This research aimed to identify breastfeeding behavior among working mothers and housewives.Methods : This was descriptive observational research with prospective cohort study design.The sample size was 79 mothers in the eastern part of Surabaya chosen by purposive sampling technique.Results : Result showed that 56.6% of housewives have low knowledge on breastfeeding. Both working mothers (100%) and housewives (90.6%) already give colostrum right after baby born. However, There were 54.7% of housewives and 46.2% of working mothers already give formula milk during the first month after baby born.Conclusion : There were not much difference between working mothers and housewives in knowledge, feeding colostrum and skin to skin contact aspects. But, working mothers mostly give formula milk during the first month of baby born than housewives.
Resistensi Perempuan Dalam Film For Sama: Kajian Timur Tengah Perspektif Feminisme Naomi Wolf
Authors: Maghfiroh Devi Laila , - Moh. Zawawi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk resistensi perempuan perspektif Naomi Wolf dalam film. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada konsep feminisme Naomi Wolf, yaitu spesifik pada feminisme kekuasaan. Objek penelitian ini adalah film dokumenter bersubtitle bahasa Inggris berjudul For Sama yang disutradarai oleh Wa’ad Al-Khateab dan Edward Watts. Film ini mengungkap realitas konflik Suriah tepatnya di kota Aleppo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dan studi pustaka (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tonton, teknik simak, teknik baca, dan teknik catat. Analisis data melalui tahapan reduksi data, pemaparan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa bentuk resistensi perempuan dalam Film For Sama perspektif Naomi Wolf terdiri atas enam bentuk, yaitu: (1) independensi; (2) altruisme; (3) persistensi; (4) chauvinisme; (5) revolusioner; (6) ketangguhan.
Preface
Authors: Sztajer Sławomir
Published: May 2021

Preface
Geleit, Geleitsrecht und Juden im Mittelalter
Authors: Wenninger Markus J.
Published: May 2021

Safe conduct functioned in the Middle Ages and in the Early Modern period to provide a particular safety to travelers with proper protection on the one hand; on the other, it was practiced as an authoritative tool for the establishment of income and the control over travelers. Since the 13th century, a development of particular safe-conduct evolved, to which also tax-like dues were inherent. From its beginning, Jews, too, were integrated into this system – both as those receiving safe conduct and, especially in the 14th century, also investors, who leased tax revenues from local lords. Receiving safe-conduct was imperative to Jews in the later periods of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern age because of their mobility for trade and moneylending businesses. From the 14th century on, the social position of the Jews in Germany significantly worsened, and they were increasingly expelled from many cities and territories. Hence, Jews were only allowed to enter specific cities if they paid for the specific safe conduct. Contrary to earlier times, this did not include protection anymore, but merely the permission to enter the city. This essay describes this development by examining several case studies from the 13th to the early 16th centuries. One focus rests on the reign of Emperor Maximilian I, from which stem several revealing cases. From the safe conduct, which was granted to Jews, the term »Judengeleit« (safe-conduct for Jews, often simply called »safe-conduct/Geleit«) was developed in the 14th century, determining the acceptance and the right of abode for Jews in the cities and territories, which were common especially in the western regions of Germany. This phenomenon is discussed in this essay only concerning its formation and not regarding its further development.
The Effects of Oral Liposomal Glutathione and In Vitro Everolimus in Altering the Immune Responses against Mycobacterium bovis BCG Strain in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: To Kimberly , Cao Ruoqiong , Yegiazaryan Aram , Owens James , Sasaninia Kayvan , Vaughn Charles , Singh Mohkam , Truong Edward , Sathananthan Airani , Venketaraman Vishwanath
Published: May 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) still remains a devastating infectious disease in the world. There has been a daunting increase in the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) worldwide. T2DM patients are three times more vulnerable to M. tb infection compared to healthy individuals. TB-T2DM coincidence is a challenge for global health control. Despite some progress in the research, M. tb still has unexplored characteristics in successfully evading host defenses. The lengthy duration of treatment, the emergence of multi-drug-resistant strains and extensive-drug-resistant strains of M. tb have made TB treatment very challenging. Previously, we have tested the antimycobacterial effects of everolimus within in vitro granulomas generated from immune cells derived from peripheral blood of healthy subjects. However, the effectiveness of everolimus treatment against mycobacterial infection in individuals with T2DM is unknown. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the combination of in vivo glutathione (GSH) supplementation in individuals with T2DM along with in vitro treatment of isolated immune cells with everolimus against mycobacterial infection has never been tested. Therefore, we postulated that liposomal glutathione (L-GSH) and everolimus would offer great hope for developing adjunctive therapy for mycobacterial infection. L-GSH or placebo was administered to T2DM individuals orally for three months. Study subjects’ blood was drawn pre- and post-L-GSH/or placebo supplementation, where Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood to conduct in vitro studies with everolimus. We found that in vitro treatment with everolimus, an mTOR (membrane target of rapamycin) inhibitor, significantly reduced intracellular M. bovis BCG infection alone and in conjunction with L-GSH supplementation. Furthermore, we found L-GSH supplementation coupled with in vitro everolimus treatment produced a greater effect in inhibiting the growth of intracellular Mycobacterium bovis BCG, than with the everolimus treatment alone. We also demonstrated the functions of L-GSH along with in vitro everolimus treatment in modulating the levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 and IL-6, in favor of improving control of the mycobacterial infection. In summary, in vitro everolimus-treatment alone and in combination with oral L-GSH supplementation for three months in individuals with T2DM, was able to increase the levels of T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 as well as enhance the abilities of granulomas from individuals with T2DM to improve control of a mycobacterial infection.
Investigations of the intrinsic corrosion and hydrogen susceptibility of metals and alloys using density functional theory
Authors: Taylor Christopher D. , Ke Huibin
Published: May 2021

Mechanisms for materials degradation are usually inferred from electrochemical measurements and characterization performed before, during, and after exposure testing and/or failure analysis of service materials. Predicting corrosion and other materials degradation modes, such as hydrogen-assisted cracking, from first-principles has generally been limited to thermodynamic predictions from Pourbaix or Ellingham diagrams and the Galvanic series. Using electronic structure calculations, modern first-principles methods can predict ab initio the key rate-controlling processes for corrosion and hydrogen susceptibility as a function of pH, potential, and solution chemistry, and materials composition and microstructure. Herein we review density functional theory (DFT) approaches for studying the electrochemical reactions occurring on fresh metal and alloy surfaces related to environmentally assisted cracking and localized corrosion/pitting. Predicted changes in surface chemistry as a function of the environment were correlated against experimental crack growth rate data obtained for alloys 718, 725, and pipeline steel under electrochemical control. We also review the application of the method to study the effects of alloying on the chloride susceptibility of stainless steels and Ni–Cr-based corrosion-resistant alloys. Perspectives for improving the model are given, and extending it to future fields of application in corrosion science and engineering.
Modular symbols for Teichmüller curves
Authors: McMullen Curtis T.
Published: May 2021

This paper introduces a space of nonabelian modular symbols𝒮⁢(V){{\mathcal{S}}(V)}attached to any hyperbolic Riemann surfaceV, and applies it to obtain new results on polygonal billiards and holomorphic 1-forms. In particular, it shows the scarring behavior of periodic trajectories for billiards in a regular polygon is governed by a countable set of measures homeomorphic toωω+1{\omega^{\omega}+1}.
Pragmatic failures in public-sign translation: an eco-pragma-translatology analysis of environmental signage in Quanzhou
Authors: Wang Caiying , Hou Guojin
Published: May 2021

This study proposes an integrated model called the Eco-Pragma-Translatology Model (EPTM) with four Kernel Guidelines for accounting for translation of public (environmental protection) signs. An EPTM analysis of pragmatic failures in public environmental protection signs (from the database) demonstrates that the ubiquitous errors and mistakes of rendering come under the rubric of pragmalinguistic failures of translation, sociopragmatic failures, or pragmatic failures straddling boundaries and leads to the conclusion that translators should correspondingly enhance their pragmalinguistic and/or sociopragmatic competence. EPTM is a new, interdisciplinary theoretical approach that largely applies to issues of poor translation of public signs.
Study on the synthesis and application of BaTiO3 nanospheres
Authors: On Do Viet , Vuong Le Dai , Chuong Truong Van , Quang Dao Anh , Tung Vo Thanh
Published: May 2021

In the present study, BaTiO3 nanospheres with a uniform particle size of around 100 nm were prepared by a hydrothermal route using Ba(OH)2.8H2O and TiO2 nanoparticles. Experimental results revealed that the main influencing factors for the formation of BaTiO3 nanospheres were molar Ba/Ti ratio (R
Ba/Ti), hydrothermal temperature, and time. Highly-dispersed BaTiO3 nanospheres (100 nm) were obtained under the optimum hydrothermal conditions at temperature = 200°C, time = 12 h, and R
Ba/Ti = 1.5. Under these optimum conditions, BaTiO3 ceramics were synthesized from the as-prepared BaTiO3 nanospheres, and their structural, microstructural, and electrical properties were investigated. The BaTiO3 ceramics exhibited a high dielectric constant of 7300 at a Curie temperature of 125 °C, great density (ρ), 5.83 g cm–3; large dielectric constant at room temperature er = 3586 and tan d = 0.03, high remanant polarization P
r = 10.6 μC cm–2, low coercive field E
c = 4.5 kVcm–1.
Influence of Clerodendrum volubile leaf extract on doxorubicin-induced toxicity and inhibition of carbonyl reductase mediated metabolism
Authors: Molehin Olorunfemi R. , Idowu Kehinde A. , Olaoye Ayonposi B. , Fakayode Aderonke E. , Adesua Oluwatumininu O.
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug. However, its non-target organ toxicities pose a serious problem. This study is to assess the protective role of Clerodendrum volubile leaf extract (CVE) against DOX-induced toxicities in rats. In addition, the inhibitory activities of three phytochemical compounds (Rutin, Gallic acid and Rosmarinic acid) from CVE against Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) were examined.

Methods

Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (a) Control group rats were given 0.9% NaCl as vehicle, (b) DOX group: A single dose of DOX (25 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered and rats were sacrificed 4 days after DOX injection, while groups (c–e) CVE-treated DOX rat groups were given 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight of extracts orally for 12 consecutive days; 8 days before, and 4 days after the DOX administration. Computational techniques were used to determine the inhibitory activities of the compounds against CBR1.

Results

DOX intoxication caused a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum marker enzymes: ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, CK activities. The levels of liver and heart tissues antioxidant parameters: GPx, SOD, CAT, and GSH were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in DOX-intoxicated rats with concomitant elevation of malondialdehyde levels. Pretreatment with CVE reversed the above trends. From the structural analysis, Rutin and RSA exhibited the highest binding free energies against CBR1, and also exhibited structural stability when bound with CBR1.

Conclusions

Our study indicates the protective effect of CVE when used in combination with doxorubicin thus improving its chemotherapeutic application via inhibition of CBR-mediated metabolism.
Effects of co-administration of Unani pharmacopoeia formulations Qurs Tabasheer Sartani and Arq Hara Bhara with CAT-I antitubercular drugs in rats
Authors: Ahmed Noor Zaheer , Agibothu Kupparam Hemanth Kumar , Akbar Seema , Hissar Syed , Anwar Noman , Thiruvengadam Kannan , Anjum Nighat , Khan Asim Ali , Dar Showkat , Natarajan Saravanan
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem globally, despite incredible advancements in healthcare system. In Unani system of medicine, Qurs Tabasheer Sarthani (QTS) and Arq Hara Bhara (AHB) have been traditionally used for tuberculosis like conditions. The study was aimed to investigate the effects of co-administration of QTS and AHB with category I first line antitubercular drugs (CAT-I) on the indices of liver and kidney function in rats.

Methods

QTS and AHB were prepared individually and mixed to achieve final compound Unani pharmacopoeia formulation (UPF). The human equivalent doses for rats were calculated and administered with and without CAT-I. The effects of the formulations on serum indices of kidney and liver function, hematological markers and plasma CAT-I drug levels were estimated at 14th, 60th & 180th days of treatment.

Results

The administration of UPF, CAT-I and UPF + CAT-I altered the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and haematological markers. These alterations were within permissible range and randomly distributed among groups during various time points. Administration of CAT-I alone resulted in moderate histopathological changes which were completely abrogated in CAT-I + UPF co-administered animals. The co-administration of UPF with CAT-I improved the plasma peak rifampicin (RIF) levels, without altering the liver and kidney functions.

Conclusions

The co-administration of UPF with ATT improved liver and kidney functions and increased the plasma levels of RIF. These beneficial findings provide a scope to evaluate the pharmacokinetic studies in humans.
Uterine contractile activity and fetal outcome in rats treated with vitamin C during late gestational variable stress exposure
Authors: Salami Shakiru A. , Salahdeen Hussein M. , Obafemi Abidemi E. , Murtala Babatunde A.
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Stress responses vary throughout pregnancy and impact of late gestational variable stress (LGVS) with vitamin C supplementation on uterine contractility is barely explored. This study investigates fetal weight outcome and in-vitro uterine contractile responses to pharmacological agents during LGVS exposure.

Methods

Twenty four nulliparous pregnant rats were divided into four groups of six. During gestation days 10–19, groups 1 & 2 received normal saline and vitamin C (10 mg/kg) respectively. Groups 3 and 4 were exposed to stress (sleep deprivation, predator exposure, immobility, rapid cage changes, noise, and foreign object) with group 4 concurrently supplemented with vitamin C (10 mg/kg). Serum cortisol, oxidative bio-markers, fetal weights and in-vitro contractile responses of excised uterine tissue to acetylcholine (Ach), oxytocin, calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium chloride (KCl), diclofenac, and magnesium ions were determined.

Results

Malondialdehyde activity and cortisol were significantly increased in variable stress only exposed group when compared with control and vitamin C supplemented groups. Fetal body weights, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were significantly reduced in variable stress only exposed group. Significantly impaired contractile responses to Ach, CaCl2 & KCl in variable stress only exposed group were modulated in vitamin C supplemented groups. Impaired contractile response to oxytocin was however not reversed. Relaxation responses to diclofenac and magnesium ions were statistically unaltered across groups.

Conclusions

Impaired fetal weights and uterine contractile activity to Ach, CaCl2 and KCl during LGVS was modulated by vitamin C supplementation. Impaired oxytocin contractile activity was however unreversed.
Identification of common features within massage therapists’ professional identity
Authors: Baskwill Amanda , Vanstone Meredith , Harnish Del , Dore Kelly
Published: May 2021

Objectives

In Ontario, Canada, MTs are regulated and have a common scope of practice. However, diverse practice settings and approaches to care create a need for MTs to articulate their professional identity. This study sought to answer, “what common features are foundational to the professional identity of MTs in Ontario?”

Methods

This quantitative research study was a part of a larger exploratory sequential mixed methods study. An online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted based on previous qualitative findings. MTs in Ontario, who held an active certificate, were invited to participate. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results

The analysis revealed 17 common features that were endorsed by most respondents. Participants also reported thinking of themselves as healthcare professionals, rather than service providers, a feeling that was held across practice settings. Interesting and unexpected differences were noted in statements regarding the perception of MTs, areas of profession-specific knowledge, and the establishment of the therapeutic relationship.

Conclusions

This study furthers an understanding of MTs’ identity. Specifically, MTs consider themselves to be HCPs who are confident in their knowledge and abilities, especially their communication skills. They believe in providing individualized care and empowering their patients to take charge of their own health. Despite areas of overwhelming agreement, disagreement in endorsement was seen in areas such as MTs perception of their external image, use of evidence in practice, and the establishment of professional boundaries. These areas provide an opportunity for future research to continue to develop a body of knowledge regarding MTs professionalism and identity.
Antilithiatic activity of a non-pharmacopoeial Unani formulation in chemically induced urolithiasis in rats
Authors: Parveen Rehana , Wadud Abdul , Shamsi Shariq , Parveen Shaista
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Parshioshan (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.), Duqu (Peucedanum grande C.B. Clarke), Kaknaj (Physalis alkekengi L.) and Kharekhasak (Tribulus terresteris L.) have been selected for this study as they have been associated with medicinal actions for litholytic activity.

Methods

The experiment was carried out in Sprague Dawley rats divided into seven groups, serving as plain control, disease control, standard control, curative A and B and preventive A and B groups. Animals of plain control received distilled water. Remaining six groups received Ethylene glycol 0.75% and Ammonium chloride 1% by adding in the drinking water for the first three days followed by 0.75% Ethylene glycol for 18 days. From 8th day till 21st day, standard control received Cystone in the dose of 750 mg/kg. Preventive and curative test groups were treated with hydroalcoholic extract of the test drug in the dose of 132 mg/kg and 264 mg/kg from 1st to 21st day and 8th to 21st day of calculi induction.

Results

Test drug reduced the number of calcium oxalate crystals in the urine; the level of urinary calcium, creatinine, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium and chloride decreased significantly in standard and test groups. The urine volume increased significantly in all the test groups. The level of serum calcium, urea, phosphorus and creatinine were significantly reduced in all the test groups.

Conclusions

These results indicated that the test drug reduced and prevented the growth of urinary stones. Moreover, the test drug also possessed significant antiurolithiatic activity. However, the protective effect was found more than its curative effect.
Void-hole aware and reliable data forwarding strategy for underwater wireless sensor networks
Authors: Mahdi Omar Adil , Ghazi Ahmed Basil , Al-Mayouf Yusor Rafid Bahar
Published: May 2021

Reliable data transfer and energy efficiency are the essential considerations for network performance in resource-constrained underwater environments. One of the efficient approaches for data routing in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is clustering, in which the data packets are transferred from sensor nodes to the cluster head (CH). Data packets are then forwarded to a sink node in a single or multiple hops manners, which can possibly increase energy depletion of the CH as compared to other nodes. While several mechanisms have been proposed for cluster formation and CH selection to ensure efficient delivery of data packets, less attention has been given to massive data communication processes with sink node. As such, failure in communicating nodes would lead to a significant network void-holes problem. Considering the limited energy resources of nodes in UWSNs along with the heavy load of CHs in the routing process, this paper proposes a void-holes aware and reliable data forwarding strategy (VHARD-FS) in a proactive mode to control data packets delivery from CH nodes to the sink in UWSNs. In the proposed strategy, each CH node is aware of its neighbor’s performance ranking index to conduct a reliable packet transmission to the sink via the most energy-efficient route. Extensive simulation results indicate that the VHARD-FS outperforms existing routing approaches while comparing energy efficiency and network throughput. This study helps to effectively alleviate the resource limitations associated with UWSNs by extending network life and increasing service availability even in a harsh underwater environment.
An empirical study on vulnerability assessment and penetration detection for highly sensitive networks
Authors: Wang Liwei , Abbas Robert , Almansour Fahad M. , Gaba Gurjot Singh , Alroobaea Roobaea , Masud Mehedi
Published: May 2021

With the advancement of internet and the emergence of network globalization, security has always been a major concern. During the trial operation, the management control platform discussed in this article included more than 600 network security vulnerabilities in the industry, with dozens of incidents, which were promptly dealt with and rectified, effectively improving the level of network security management and protection in the industry. As networks are very much vulnerable to denial of service attacks, much more emphasis has been given to security. By improving their network security, network administrators have often tried their best. To attempt penetration testing, it is the best way of ensuring the system security. With the development of information technology, the security requirement of information system is increasing day by day. The use of penetration testing technology is conducive to the realization of accurate positioning, accurate detection, and active alarm of security vulnerabilities, and the optimization of monitoring and rectification of the combination of network security management control system. Taking penetration testing technology as one of the core elements of management and control, the risk index model is optimized to make network security management controllable and efficient, and effectively achieve management and control objectives.
Fractional metric dimension of metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Raza Mohsin , Javaid Muhammad , Saleem Naeem
Published: May 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF(n)) are organic-inorganic hybrid crystalline porous materials that consist of a regular array of positively charged metal ions surrounded by organic ‘linker’ molecules. The metal ions form nodes that bind the arms of the linkers together to form a repeating, cage-like structure. Moreover, in a chemical structure or molecular graph, edges and vertices are known as bonds and atoms, respectively. Metric dimension being a subsets of atoms with minimum cardinality is used in the substrcturing of the chemical compounds in the molecular structures. Fractional metric dimension is weighted version of metric dimension that associate a numeric value to the identified subset of atoms. In this paper, we have computed the fractional metric dimension of metal organic framework (MOF(n)) for n ≡ 0(mod)2.
Hard and soft Lewis-base behavior for efficient and stable CsPbBr3 perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Sun Changjiu , Wei Junli , Zhao Jian , Jiang Yuanzhi , Wang Yilong , Hu Haiqing , Wang Xin , Zhang Yongqin , Yuan Mingjian
Published: May 2021

All-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite is an attractive emission material for high-stability perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), due to the high thermal and chemical stability. However, the external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of CsPbBr3 based PeLEDs are still far behind their organic–inorganic congeners. Massive defect states on the surface of CsPbBr3 perovskite grains should be the main reason. Lewis base additives have been widely used to passivate surface defects. However, systematic investigations which relate to improving the passivation effect via rational molecule design are still lacking. Here, we demonstrate that the CsPbBr3 film’s optical and electrical properties can be significantly boosted by tailoring the hardness–softness of the Lewis base additives. Three carboxylate Lewis bases with different tail groups are selected to in-situ passivate CsPbBr3 perovskite films. Our research indicates that 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoate acid anion (TBA−) with the powerful electron-withdrawing group trifluoromethyl and benzene ring possesses the softest COO− bonding head. TBA− thus acts as a soft Lewis base and possesses a robust combination with unsaturated lead atoms caused by halogen vacancies. Based on this, the all-inorganic CsPbBr3 PeLEDs with a maximum EQE up to 16.75% and a half-lifetime over 129 h at an initial brightness of 100 cd m−2 is thus delivered.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[aqua-(4-iodopyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ3
N,O,O′)-(μ2-4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2
N:N′) copper(II)], C9H8N5O5CuI
Authors: Lv Benlian
Published: May 2021

C9H8N5O5CuI, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 11.0801(4) Å, b = 6.8489(3) Å, c = 35.3975(13) Å, Z = 8, V = 2686.20(18) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0325, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0707, T = 292 K.
Comparative study on interface morphology and tensile property of CFRTP/Ti6Al4V laser joining joint under various groove dimensions
Authors: Xu Ying , Zhan Xiaohong , Yang Hongyan , Bu Hengchang , Wang Feiyun
Published: May 2021

Laser joining merges as a novel technique for the connection of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics composite (CFRTP) and metal. Besides, machining grooves on the metal surface presents a surface pre-treating method to enhance the strength of laser joining joint between CFRTP and metal. In this study, the laser joining of CFRTP and Ti6Al4V alloy is performed with different groove dimensions. The effect of groove dimension on interface morphology and failure load is analyzed. In addition, the formation mechanism of the interface and the fracture mode of the joint are further elucidated. The results indicate that the structurally sound connection and maximum failure load are attained with an appropriate groove dimension (groove width: 0.7 mm, groove depth: 0.25 mm, and aspect ratio: 0.36). At a narrower groove, the bubbles inside the resin caused by thermal decomposition of the matrix resin are obtained, while at a deeper groove, the gaps and holes are observed in the interface of the joint, both resulting in a lower failure load.
Production of elastomer-based highly conductive hybrid nanocomposites and treatment with sulfuric acid
Authors: Yetisgin Abuzer Alp , Sakar Hazal , Bermek Hakan , Trabzon Levent
Published: May 2021

As an elastomer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is used in various applications such as wearable technology and sealants, and is especially preferred in microelectromechanical device production due to its advantage in fabrication of microstructures. However, some of its applications such as sensor-based or electrode-based are limited due to its insulator aspect. Various conductive nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, graphite, carbon black, and silver nanoparticles were incorporated into the PDMS matrix for the production of conductive nanocomposites. In this study, we produced highly conductive PDMS nanocomposites by addition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in a three-dimensional network. Due to the synergistic effect between CNTs and GNPs inside a polymeric matrix, we expected to obtain PDMS nanocomposites more conductive than nanocomposites with only CNTs. Additionally, we investigated the effect of sulfuric acid treatment on the electrical conductivity and surface composition of prepared PDMS/MWCNT/GNP nanocomposites. Results indicated that the electrical conductivity in sulfuric acid-treated samples was significantly higher than in untreated samples. Levels of conductivity in the range of 270.7–1074.8 S/m were achieved; the higher ones were the samples treated with sulfuric acid solution.
Is there any relationship between C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and clinical severity of childhood community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Bekis Bozkurt Hayrunnisa
Published: May 2021

Objectives

To investigate the relationship between the ratios of C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin, neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), mean platelet volume (MPV)/platelet and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)/albumin in pediatric patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia based on the severity of the disease.

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study included 52 patients with mild pneumonia, 30 with severe pneumonia, and 46 healthy controls. Whole blood parameters, CRP, ESR, and albumin values and ratios were recorded at the time of admission. The multivariate regression analysis, Pearson’s correlation and ROC curve analyses were performed.

Results

The CRP/albumin, ESR/albumin, NLR and CRP values were significantly higher in the severe pneumonia group compared to both the other pneumonia group and the control group (p<0.005). According to the regression and correlation analyses, these values were positively correlated (p<0.001). For CRP/Albumin ratio, ESR/albumin ratio calculated OR were 2.103 (CI: 1.675–2.639); 1.907 (CI: 1.552–2.344); respectively.

Conclusions

The data presented can be a guide in the follow-up and treatment of this patient group.
Recent Developments on Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Han Xu , Lu Ming , Fan Yixuan , Li Yuxi , Holmberg Krister
Published: May 2021

This review discusses surfactants used for chemical flooding, including surfactant-polymer flooding and alkali-surfactant-polymer flooding. The review, unlike most previous reviews in the field, has a surfactant focus, not a focus on the flooding process. It deals with recent results, mainly from 2010 and onward. Older literature is referred to when needed in order to put more recent findings into a perspective.
Culture-Creation Component of Architectonics of Humanities Information and Education Spaces: Value Context of Postmodern Era
Authors:   Novosibirsk Institute of Professional Skills Improvement and Vocational Retraining of Education Workers, Bulankina Nadezhda Efimovna
Published: May 2021

There is no shortage of research materials intended to meet the teachers’ need for continuing/life-learning professional development as a creator of the social and educational activities in the national public school spaces in terms of Pedagogy and Knowledge Content Efficacy. The purpose of this manuscript is to stand back from the surface detail of formal education of the teacher and to provide an overall perspective on the teacher’s creative mission as a communicator, a person of high language and communication culture, for harmony and psychological balance within intercultural communication created via different devices. Concept and methodology of this research, based in the main on the principles of humanism which reflect on the ideas of axiological and process approaches that concern the concepts of engaging teachers in a process of recurrent professional development. Results of this research include the comprehensive model that consists of three value concepts for a) creating the humanities educational spaces via acculturation; b) teaching the four skills and spoken communication skills via current devices of language teaching and ideological trend of acculturation; c) involving participants into ‘genuine’ communication via bringing social oriented and language learning activities reflected on the creative mission of national public school education that works its way up through culture experience in the classroom. In conclusion this article presents a handful of arguments of the significance of the growth and level of multilingual culture to affect the diversity of the personality’s vital forces, its development providing opportunities for professional and social self-realization, adaptation, and increasing creative potential in the process of critical thinking and creative communication via Technology, Pedagogy, and Knowledge Content Efficacy of current methodology of teaching and learning in the classroom. By the same token we have grounds for clarifying and verifying our vision on the Concept of “Humanities environment/spaces” in the frameworks of the comprehensive model of its architectonics, i.e. a harmony of the culture-creation elements via languages of education, the polyphony of knowledge, technology, spheres of recurrent professional development of a current educator.
The formation of the senior school students’ economic culture in conditions of development of digital economy
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, Petrishchev Vladimir Innokentievich , Grass Tatiana Petrovna ,   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, Lomasko Pavel Sergeevich ,   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafyev
Published: May 2021

The article analyses the formation of senior school students in the educational school setting which reflects modern market tendencies. One of the priorities of directions in Russia has become the process of digitalization of the education of late. It creates the digital educational setting and the use of the possibilities of digital technologies in implementing the improvement of education quality. The authors underline that in modern conditionsthe necessity to form the senior school students’ economic culture is actualized by the fact that the economic education is created in school built on the proactive principals which are taking place in the society and closely connected with the fact that the school is becoming digital. In this connection exactly digital technologies which are mentioned by the government of Russia as a way to solve the educational tasks which are not solved or badly solved on the basis of traditional technologies. To find out how to carry out the formation of the senior school students’ economic culture under conditions of digital economy. Method and methodology of work performance: scientific-pedagogical grounds for research served as a set of initial theoretical justifications: key provisions of cultural and learner centered approach for the description of characters and types of teaching and learning activities of school students; provisions of competency based approach to describe the essence of competency being in the structure of senior school students economic culture; ideas of individually oriented education to find out patterns of senior school students’ economic culture’s formation in conditions of development of digital economy. Results: The development of the education system under condition of the digital economy presents new approaches to comprehension and the formation of new economic culture. The field of application of results: results of the study may be applied in the scientific research and in the teaching of courses of pedagogy, social pedagogy, comparative pedagogy and in career guidance in pedagogical higher and secondary institutions as well as in the system of staff training.
Interactive Text Techniques at English Lessons
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kretova Larisa Nikolaevna , Knurenko Valentina Alexandrovna ,   secondary school № 187
Published: May 2021

The problem of perceiving textual information remains one of the most relevant at the present time due to the fact that with the increased volume of information, most of it is not extracted from the text for a number of reasons. The article discusses interactive techniques for working with text as one of the ways of active perception and processing of text information. The purpose of the article is a theoretical analysis of interactive methods and techniques of teaching, as well as the implementation of classes in English using interactive techniques of teaching students reading to improve their reading competence. Research methodology and methods. The article is written using a descriptive method by means of collecting, summarizing and analyzing the literature on the problem; the authors employ an experimental method to identify the effectiveness of interactive techniques for teaching reading. The material for the work was based on the results of research by Russian and foreign authors devoted to the problem of interactive learning. Conclusion. It is worth noting the role of interactive methods of teaching students reading not only in the development of their reading competence, but also in the development of their intercultural competence and communicative competence, which allows us to consider them as techniques that increase the activity of students.
Theoretical Foundations of Methodological Support for Network Learning in Secondary Vocational Education
Authors:   Institute of Education Development Strategy, Russian Academy of Education, Aksenova Tatiana Gennadievna
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Representatives of the scientific school S. Ya. Batyshev – A. M. Novikov introduced the concept of a network approach that underlies network learning. Purpose of the article is to consider the network learning subjects typology in secondary vocational education; to determine the research concept; to get new knowledge about the distinctive characteristics and methodological support types for network learning; to designate the secondary vocational education new staff duties. Methodology and Research Methods. The methodological support novelty is associated with the transition from traditional methodological associations of teachers and methodists of secondary vocational education to the methodological support of the quality of the network educational process with many subjects participation. Research methods: theoretical (problem statement, conceptual apparatus concretization, formalization of the polysubject interaction of participants in the network educational process); empirical (study of the scientific literature on the research subject). Research results. The typology of the participants in the polysubject network interaction is considered. The concepts of “network methodist” and “methodological support of network learning” are defined. The methodological support types that need to be developed and implemented are indicated. New staff duties for the development of various types of methodological support to ensure network learning have been determined. Conclusion. The development and implementation of methodological support for network learning will reduce the time and improve the quality of training for secondary vocational education specialists for the development of the digital (network) economy.