bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Nanoscale Imaging of SiO2 Nanofiller in Styrene-Butadiene Rubber with High-Resolution and High-Sensitivity Ptychographic X-ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Okawa Naru , Ishiguro Nozomu , Takazawa Shuntaro , Uematsu Hideshi , Sasaki Yuhei , Abe Masaki , Ozaki Kyosuke , Honjo Yoshiaki , Nishino Haruki , Joti Yasumasa , Hatsui Takaki , Takahashi Yukio
Published: September 2024

SiO2 aggregates in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were observed using ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT). The rubber composites were illuminated with X-rays focused by total reflection focusing mirrors, and the ptychographic diffraction patterns were collected using a CITIUS detector in the range of −75° to +75° angle of incidence. The projection images of the rubber composites were reconstructed with a two-dimensional resolution of 76 nm, and no significant structural changes were observed during the PXCT measurements. A three-dimensional image of the rubber composite was reconstructed with an isotropic resolution of 98 nm. Segmentation of SiO2 from the SBR, based on a histogram analysis of the phase shift, revealed a fragmented network structure of interconnected SiO2 aggregates.
Uncovering tidal treasures: automated classification of faint tidal features in DECaLS data
Authors: Gordon Alexander J , Ferguson Annette M N , Mann Robert G
Published: September 2024

Tidal features are a key observable prediction of the hierarchical model of galaxy formation and contain a wealth of information about the properties and history of a galaxy. Modern wide-field surveys such as LSST and Euclid will revolutionize the study of tidal features. However, the volume of data will prohibit visual inspection to identify features, thereby motivating a need to develop automated detection methods. This paper presents a visual classification of ∼2000 galaxies from the DECaLS survey into different tidal feature categories: arms, streams, shells, and diffuse. We trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to reproduce the assigned visual classifications using these labels. Evaluated on a testing set where galaxies with tidal features were outnumbered $\sim 1:10$, our network performed very well and retrieved a median $98.7\pm 0.3$, $99.1\pm 0.5$, $97.0\pm 0.8$, and $99.4^{+0.2}_{-0.6}$ per  cent of the actual instances of arm, stream, shell, and diffuse features respectively for just 20 per cent contamination. A modified version that identified galaxies with any feature against those without achieved scores of $0.981^{+0.001}_{-0.003}$, $0.834^{+0.014}_{-0.026}$, $0.974^{+0.008}_{-0.004}$, and $0.900^{+0.073}_{-0.015}$ for the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 metrics, respectively. We used a gradient-weighted class activation mapping analysis to highlight important regions on images for a given classification to verify the network was classifying the galaxies correctly. This is the first demonstration of using CNNs to classify tidal features into sub-categories, and it will pave the way for the identification of different categories of tidal features in the vast samples of galaxies that forthcoming wide-field surveys will deliver.
The imprint of the first stars on the faint end of the white dwarf luminosity function
Authors: Dzięcioł Bartosz , Hartwig Tilman , Yoshida Naoki
Published: September 2024

Population III stars are characterized by extremely low metallicities as they are thought to be formed from a pristine gas in the early Universe. Although the existence of Population III stars is widely accepted, the lack of direct observational evidence hampers the study of the nature of the putative stars. In this article, we explore the possibilities of constraining the nature of the oldest stars by using the luminosity function of their remnants – white dwarfs. We study the formation and evolution of white dwarf populations by following star formation in a Milky Way-like galaxy using the semi-analytic model a-sloth. We derive the white dwarf luminosity function by applying a linear initial-final mass relation and Mestel’s cooling model. The obtained luminosity function is generally in agreement with available observations and theoretical predictions – with an exponential increase to a maximum of $M_{\mathrm{abs}} = 16$ and a sudden drop for $M_{\mathrm{abs}} \gt 16$. We explore the uncertainties of our model and compare them to the observational estimates. We adopt two different models of the initial mass function of Population III stars to show that the faint end of the luminosity function imprints the signature of Population III remnants. If the feature is detected in future observations, it would provide a clue to Population III stars and would also be an indirect evidence of low- to intermediate-mass Population III stars. We discuss the challenges and prospects for detecting the signatures.
Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma in northern Portugal: a woodworker’s occupational hazard
Authors: Teixeira-Marques F , Pacheco I , Pinheiro-Guedes L , Estêvão R , Lousan N
Published: September 2024

Background

Sinonasal carcinomas (SNC) constitute about 3% of all head and neck carcinomas, squamous cell carcinoma being the most common histologic subtype. Some geographical patterns in incidence are observed, as occupational exposure to wood dust is associated with intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC).

Aims

This study aims to describe the prevalence and characteristics of sinonasal ITAC cases in a region of northern Portugal with a robust wood industry.

Methods

A retrospective study of all sinonasal malignancies diagnosed over 5 years, in a tertiary hospital, primarily focused on ITAC subtypes. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected through electronic medical records and telephonic assessments.

Results

Of all 33 cases, 85% were ITAC. ITAC predominantly affected males (96%) with a mean age of 66.2 years. Most patients diagnosed with sinonasal ITAC had occupational wood dust exposure (96%), particularly to hardwoods. Initial symptoms included unilateral nasal obstruction (75%) and epistaxis (71%). Despite a median time of 3 months from symptoms to consultation, 50% presented at an advanced stage, with a 29% mortality rate.

Conclusions

Sinonasal ITAC is an occupational hazard of woodworkers and represents the vast majority of SNC in the region. This study advocates for targeted community interventions, emphasizing occupational safety measures and healthcare awareness to reduce morbimortality associated with this occupational cancer.
Food Craving in Food Addiction
Authors: Meule Adrian
Published: September 2024

Food craving refers to an intense desire to consume a specific type of food. This chapter describes features of food craving (such as the type of foods craved, sex and cultural differences, its distinctiveness from hunger, and psychological theories on the emergence of food cravings) and their role in addiction-like eating behavior. It also discusses strategies for regulating food craving such as psychotherapeutic and technology-assisted approaches. The chapter concludes with an examination of the pivotal role of food craving during eating disorder and obesity treatment, including a discussion of the complex relationship of food craving with dieting and restrained eating.
Fructose, Fatty Liver, and Addiction
Authors: Lustig Robert H.
Published: September 2024

The Western Diet, consisting of ultra-processed foods, has supplanted traditional diets globally, with an attendant global increase in obesity, diabetes, and most notably a new disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Ultra-processed foods are extremely high in added sugar, which is converted by the liver via de novo lipogenesis into fat. Fatty liver occurs due to the detrimental effects of fructose on mitochondrial function, resulting in hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia. Insulin and triglyceride inhibit leptin signaling in the brain, which would normally extinguish the dopamine signal in the brain’s reward center, thereby fomenting the drive to excess consumption and further insulin resistance and liver fat. Thus, fatty liver disease is an intermediate in a vicious cycle connecting sugar in processed foods to addiction.
The Tempests of Margaret Fuller
Authors: Fuller Randall
Published: September 2024

Margaret Fuller (1810–50) was a dazzling presence in the transcendental movement. She hosted conversations that led women to reconsider their role in society, published important works by Emerson and Thoreau while editing the Dial, and, in 1845, wrote Woman in the Nineteenth Century, a landmark work of feminism. But she chafed at the constrictions placed on women by Emerson and his followers, who focused on the free and unfettered self from a male perspective. Fuller understood that to be a woman in the first half of the nineteenth century was by definition to be dependent—to rely on others instead of the self. Frustrated by transcendentalism, she left Boston for New York, where she worked as a newspaper journalist and exposed the plight of poor women. Then, as a foreign correspondent, she traveled to Italy, where she secretly married and gave birth to a son.
Mother Remembered
Authors: Roberts Michèle
Published: September 2024

This considers the novel Break of Day, which mixes letters, memoir, and fiction to create a story circling around a woman of 50, based on Colette herself, spending a summer at her house near St Tropez, musing on love and ageing, haunted by the memory of her beloved mother. Rapturous, sensual descriptions of food, flowers, the sea and animals underscore an exploration of desire and loss. The novel has a slight, understated plot, sketching the development of a possible love affair between the narrator and a younger man, but in reality is more like an extended poem, working through connected images. Colette includes attractive portraits of bohemian life around St Tropez, picturing her artist friends meeting for suppers outside and going dancing in the local music halls. Dialogue is succinct and witty.
Anger in Edgar Allan Poe’s ‘The Black Cat’
Authors: Eastman Christine A.
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines anger, a searing and destructive emotion, and one that, from many people’s experiences, is probably the most visible of the deadly sins in the workplace. It uses an analysis of Edgar Allan Poe’s 1843 macabre short story ‘The Black Cat’ in order to illuminate anger. In addition to illustrating the destructive nature of anger, ‘The Black Cat’ prompts the kind of deep, self-reflective thought necessary to inspire today’s business leaders and to equip them with the cognitive and emotional resources they need to grapple with the challenges faced in organizational life. Prompting an examination of the self, Poe’s writing obliges us to consider the link between our own childhood experiences and our behaviour in our subsequent working lives. Engaging with Poe’s short story can bring about the kinds of insights into working practices that will help businesses meet the demands of sustainability as they look beyond the oxygen of profit for a different kind of nourishment to drive organizational development. The chapter subsequently expands the analysis of Poe’s fiction with an exploration of spirituality in organizational life informed by the work of cultural anthropologist Ernest Becker.
Bounded Meaning
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew
Published: September 2024

‘Bounded Meaning’ is a monograph on the dynamics of interpretation: how and why the interpretation of the building blocks of human language is sensitive, not just to the context in which the expression is used, but also to the expression’s linguistic environment---in other words, how and why interpretation depends not just on global information, but also on local information. The book motivates a range of generalizations about the dynamics of interpretation, some known and some novel, involving modals, conditionals, and anaphora. It then provides an overview of the best extant theory of those patterns, dynamic semantics. After bringing out the striking motivations and successes of that framework, the book goes on to criticize dynamic semantics, focusing on its puzzling predictions about the logic of natural language. In response to these problems, the book develops a novel framework for explaining dynamic phenomena without dynamic semantics: the bounded theory of meaning. On the bounded theory, dynamic phenomena arise from the interaction of two dimensions of meaning. One dimension is a standard truth-conditional layer, which, relative to a context of use, associates each sentence with a proposition. The second dimension, the dimension of bounds, limits the admissible interpretations of an expression, relative to the expression’s context of use and its local information. Bounds thus play an essential role in coordinating on the resolution of context-sensitive language, explaining dynamic effects in natural language while avoiding a variety of problematic predictions of dynamic semantics.
Against Dynamic Semantics
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew
Published: September 2024

This chapter develops a sustained criticism of the dynamic treatment of modals and conditionals. It focuses on three problems. First, dynamic semantics makes a variety of peculiar predictions about the logic of natural language, which do not match reality. Second, dynamic semantics makes incorrect predictions about order effects, predicting order asymmetries in the interpretation of modality which do not exist. Finally, dynamic semantics does not have a natural story about the pragmatics of modal and conditional language.
Quantification and Subordination
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew
Published: September 2024

This chapter further develops the bounded theory of anaphora to account for the interaction of quantification, modality, and anaphora. When indefinites and corresponding definites are introduced in the scope of a quantifier, they can give rise to a covarying reading; so, for instance, ‘Everyone who has a donkey loves it’ means, roughly, that in every pair of a donkey-owner and donkey, the owner loves the donkey. Importantly, the same phenomenon arises when the indefinites and definites are distributed across distinct quantifiers, as in ‘Everyone in this town has a donkey. Everyone in the town loves it.’ Similar phenomena arise with indefinite/definite pairs distributed across modal constructions, as in ‘If your father agrees, we’ll get a donkey. We would keep it in the living room.’ The chapter generalizes the treatment of anaphora from the previous chapter so that variables correspond to individual concepts, and shows how to incorporate quantification and modality into this picture in order to account for these patterns.
Local Contexts
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew
Published: September 2024

This chapter discusses the theoretical apparatus of local contexts which plays a central role in the bounded theory, exploring the prospects for a more explanatory, less stipulative treatment of local contexts and raising a number of puzzles for any such approach.
Reorganizing Menstruation
Authors: Owen Lara
Published: September 2024

This book explores what happens when menstrual practices change and what is revealed and made possible when longstanding menstrual stigma is disrupted. Menstruation matters: how it is perceived and practised gives us important information about society and how people and bodies are treated. Menstrual norms tell us whether cultures value or dismiss the female reproductive body, women’s pain and suffering, sustainability concerns, and the cyclical rhythms that underpin life on Earth. Despite menstruation being a culturally complicated and ubiquitous experience of female embodiment, few feminist theorists have tackled the topic directly. The book develops feminist theory and methodology to offer an innovative socioeconomic perspective on the everyday experiences of managing menstrual blood and menstruating at work, based on empirical research conducted in Australia and the UK on the menstrual cup and the menstrual workplace policy. The core argument of the book is that while contemporary menstrual innovations are often aligned with neoliberal capitalist values of individualism and efficiency, they also demonstrate a challenge to these same values in radical ways, away from profit-driven enclosure of the female body and towards a ‘menstrual commons’. Menstrual innovations therefore offer information about how we might reshape—or be already in the process of reshaping—current norms of commodification, capitalization, and embodiment more broadly.
Introduction
Authors: Owen Lara
Published: September 2024

The Introduction discusses the concept of menstrual stigma and how it has adversely impacted menstrual experience, not just in personal terms but also in public contexts including career development and sense of embodied rightness when out in the world. The introduction sets the historical context in terms of how things used to be, what has changed, and where this is heading. Specific influences that came into play around 2008–2010—the Global Financial Crisis, the sudden ubiquity of social media via the smartphone, the rise in activism and accompanying reaffirmation of feminist values, and the neoliberal collapse of taboos—have together allowed menstruation to come out of the shadows, and for new practices to develop that address fundamental needs around the management of menstrual blood and menstrual time. But how are these changing practices and perspectives affecting individual menstruators, and the organizational contexts and broader society they live and work within? Then follows a description of the empirical research on which the book is based, and the theoretical stream of feminist socioeconomics with which this book is engaged. An outline of the chapters and a reference to the book’s contribution completes the Introduction.
Disembodiment
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

Disembodiment examines self-destruction, self-injury, and radical self-endangerment as unconventional performances of refusal that are erased, marginalized, and distorted by metanarratives of history as progress and agency as freedom. From the death acts of enslaved Africans, hunger strikes of woman suffragists, and Gandhian fasting practices to the self-incineration of Bouazizi, hunger and thirst strikes in the Maze and Guantánamo, and lip-sewing practices of migrants and asylum seekers at the borders of the Global North today, Bargu traces a bleak repertoire of contention performed by the oppressed. As a work in global critical theory whose normative compass is the suffering body, Disembodiment brings together corporeal enactments of defiance from the Global South with major thinkers of Western modernity and prominent critical-theoretical traditions of the twentieth century. Disembodiment offers a materialist theory of corporeal agency that unfolds a stark critique of the present and upholds the body’s powers as fundamentally rebellious and undomesticable.
A Theology of Mormon Art
Authors: Givens Terryl
Published: September 2024

This chapter brings Terryl Givens’s theory of paradox to bear on Latter-day Saint aesthetics within a larger context of Western artistic and religious philosophy. The chapter outlines the theological and hermeneutical difficulties of sketching a Latter-day Saint aesthetic in artistic expression by first acknowledging its diverse roots of influence. It must be rooted in irresolvable contradictions. That tension might underpin Mormon culture and the artistic expressions coming from its fold. These are best grouped as two tensions: first, a collapsing of sacred and profane, and second, the relationship between gathering Saints and assimilating with others. Mormon art might emerge from Mormon theology and explore the ways the sacred is inextricably linked with, even located within, the profane. Mormon art might also tease out the faith in labor—both physical work and the emotional work of suffering—to develop a feeling peculiar to progress.
Temple Art Renewal, 2000–2022
Authors: McDannell Colleen
Published: September 2024

This chapter argues that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints made a concerted effort in the first two decades of the twenty-first century to update and improve the artwork adorning temple interiors. After the Temple Art Committee was created, it soon quietly swapped out old paintings for newer, more inclusive, and global ones. By doing so, it also supported artists who could benefit from developments in the wider art world that led to an appreciation of contemporary realism. The trend coincided with, perhaps even helped furnish, the church’s need for art that communicated spiritual ideas and subsequent modernization of temple artwork.
Promoting Resilience and Empowerment in Group Work PracticeCore Principles and Considerations
Authors: Knight Carolyn , Greif Geoffrey L.
Published: September 2024

In this chapter the authors identify and expand upon issues and skills discussed previously in Chapters 1 and 2. Every group is unique and will reflect the distinctive style of the leader(s), the needs of the members, and the context within which the modality is offered. There are, however, issues common to any group that leaders should consider that enhance the likelihood that the experience will be beneficial to and will meet the needs and foster the growth and empowerment of its members. These include understanding how a group’s purpose and structure are influenced by agency context, the importance of addressing cultural differences promoting inclusion, and cultural humility, creating a group culture that promotes members’ work. Activities thus will help members achieve individual and collective goals.
Online Group Work with Young Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Nau Erin
Published: September 2024

Young women diagnosed with breast cancer express more psycho-emotional concerns than their older counterparts. Young women are facing problems with fertility, disruption to their young families, disruption to their careers, and lower libido during a time of higher sexual activity. Support groups create a place for young women diagnosed with breast cancer to give and receive mutual aid. To meet the needs of these specific breast cancer clients, an online support group for young women was created. The group facilitator created a comfortable and confidential space through embracing the needs of the clients, including the need of a flexible virtual meeting space.
Group Work with Individuals Who Are Incarcerated
Authors: Stuthmann Jane
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines the use of the group modality in a correctional facility where individuals are incarcerated for violent crimes. The overall goal of the group intervention is to reduce the risk of recidivism and promote prosocial behavior. It discusses important considerations when forming a group, including determining characteristics of individuals who are most and least likely be amenable to and benefit from treatment, the most important of which are indications of psychopathy and patterns of manipulation. This chapter identifies core components to both process-oriented and psychoeducational groups and examines the different ways in which men and women who are incarcerated interact with one another and themes that emerge with both populations. These themes include substance abuse histories, adverse childhood experiences and trauma, interpersonal relationships, and anger. The need for leaders to address issues associated with diversity, equity, and inclusion is discussed.
Group Work with Older Adults Grieving Loss
Authors: Kane Donna , Greif Geoffrey L.
Published: September 2024

This chapter describes a group approach for working with older adults who are grieving the loss of a spouse/partner. The Grief Support Group is an eight-week closed group that, over a 15-year period, has served more than 300 people. Week 1 is introductions. In week 2 the members share a picture of their loved one. In week 3 the facilitator educates the group about the grief process. In week 4 members begin to open up more about their experiences dealing with death. Weeks 5–7 focus on adjusting to the “new normal” and steps to assist members with moving on. Week 8 centers on termination and whether members should continue meeting without the leader, as some groups do. Clinical interventions and case examples are included.
Group Work with Children Who Have Experienced Abuse, Neglect, and Loss
Authors: Coholic Diana
Published: September 2024

A 12-week strengths- and arts-based mindfulness group program is described. The program is feasible, suitable, and beneficial for children in the child welfare and mental health systems, helping them discover and strengthen their resilience and well-being. Mindfulness-based interventions are emerging as beneficial for children, and an arts-based approach enables young people to engage with methods that they find enjoyable, meaningful, and helpful for self-expression and learning. Group cohesion, belonging, and mutual aid are important program processes, and the learning in sessions builds week to week so that, as the group progresses, children develop, practice, and refine skills. Key themes in the group work often include low self-esteem, negative self-judgment, behavioral challenges, social inclusion and belonging, and having fun.
Violence Prevention Group for Men Who Have Been Targets of Community Violence
Authors: Ross David
Published: September 2024

This chapter addresses the complex traumas that many African American men endure daily, and the ongoing threat of poly-victimization that occurs throughout their lives. The author describes a violence prevention group offered to men who have been hospitalized in a trauma unit as a result of community-typically gun-violence. The author discusses selection criteria and describes the role of the leader and themes that surface in the group. Case examples illustrate common dynamics that emerge and intervention techniques that promote interconnectedness among survivors through mutual aid, psychoeducation workshops, and peer-led discussions. The author also identifies strategies needed to deescalate tensions that surface between members due to pre-existing conflicts and discusses the role that power, privilege, and systemic marginalization play in group members’ interactions with one another and with the leader.
Group Work with Boys and Young Men of Color
Authors: Gilgoff Jon , Rosas Francisco J. Alvarado , Griffith Haydn
Published: September 2024

This chapter describes a gender and culturally responsive approach to group work that helps participants to develop a healthy view of masculinity within the context of myriad challenges faced by boys and young men of color (BYMOC). The chapter presents strength-based counseling and youth development models created by the nonprofit Brothers on the Rise (BOTR). These models emphasize manhood development, media literacy, arts education, sportsmanship, and fitness. The chapter offers ways to engage BYMOC and foster mutual support that, when combined with leadership development, critical consciousness raising, and male mentoring, promote resiliency attributes of confidence, problem-solving, and purpose. The chapter also shares examples of ways to facilitate youth-led community service and social action projects that help support the next generation of BYMOC and catalyze needed social change to address injustice.
Mapping the Path of Moral Adversity
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton
Published: September 2024

An alternative path for addressing moral adversity and the resultant moral suffering engages the focal points in a cycle of imperiled integrity in response to moral harms, wrongs, failures, or other forms of moral adversity. Initially moral stress, a neutral state of readiness to respond that will eventually involve an appraisal as positive or negative, may be experienced. Depending on this appraisal and individual capabilities, moral stress may be re-balanced, released, or resolved, engaging our moral resilience to proactively or prospectively respond to moral adversity. Alternatively, when the moral stress of imperiled integrity exceeds the individual’s capacities and becomes overwhelming, it can lead to moral suffering that includes moral distress and injury, moral apathy, outrage, or disengagement. In some instances, moral suffering leads to recalcitrant or persistent forms of moral decline. When moral resilience including a process of moral repair is leveraged, integrity can be restored.
Integrity
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton
Published: September 2024

Integrity or moral wholeness is the foundation of moral resilience. Integrity arises when intentions, words, thoughts, and actions align and there is fidelity in adherence to ethical commitments, norms, and conscience. It includes a robust notion of moral agency that includes considerations of the congruence of intentions, character, choices, behavior, and actions as well as responsibility for them. It requires a well-honed conscience; moral sensitivity, perception, and imagination; self-regulatory capacities; ongoing reflection to evaluate one’s intentions, motivations, and actions; cognitive judgement; the ability to devise reasonable solutions to internal conflicts; and steadfast commitment to responsibly enact considered decisions. clinicians have dual obligations to those served and to themselves. Personal and relational integrity are fundamental considerations for clinicians. This dynamic interplay requires attunement to the issues of personal and relational integrity that are at play in clinical practice including relationships with patients, families, colleagues, leaders, organizations and the broader society.
The Many Faces of Resilience
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton , Mealer Meredith
Published: September 2024

Resilience is the ability to withstand, adapt, recover, or grow in response to adversity, trauma, or stress. Studies of moral action by nurses confronted by ethical challenges suggest there are methods of positive action and sense-making that can support this adaptation rather than imperil it. By definition, when one is morally resilient, it is possible to find ways of addressing moral suffering and distress that overcome their negative, debilitating aspects. It is presumed that humans have an innate potential to overcome difficulties that can be influenced and includes a process that unfolds in response to diverse types of adversity. Resilience is a multi-faceted construct that has been applied in various contexts, including neuro-biology, psychology, social ecology, and clinical practice. Each of these contexts is examined and its implications for the conceptualizing of moral resilience is highlighted. The application of resilience to clinicians is examined, and empirical and conceptual questions are explored.
Designing Sustainable Systems for Ethical Practice
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton , Sharma Monica
Published: September 2024

A conceptual basis for designing individual, team, and system interventions to cultivate individual moral resilience and a culture that enables ethical practice is necessary to design sustainable solutions for addressing moral adversity. It broadens the lens of inquiry to focus on culture, inviting a more robust view of the elements that support ethical practice as well as individual, team, and organizational integrity. Responses to moral adversity are typically partial; the Conscious Full Spectrum Response attends to diverse conditions that cause moral adversity to help people innovate, generate breakthroughs, and sustain the specific change that is needed to establish the desired result. It helps who we essentially are to recognize patterns, create alternatives, and design tactics, programs, or initiatives that cultivate moral resilience and foster a culture of ethical practice. Individual, team, and organizational interventions are vital in shifting culture.
The Double-Edged Sword of Being Called to Work
Authors: Ecklund Elaine Howard , Daniels Denise , Scheitle Christopher P
Published: September 2024

Experiencing a calling at work is a beneficial component of work. People who feel called to their work are more likely to have a sense of purpose, commitment, and satisfaction in their jobs. Workplace leaders should concentrate on creating environments where workers in all roles and levels have opportunities to experience feeling called to their work. Organizations can help cultivate calling in lower-level positions by encouraging adaptive coping responses and facilitating organizational changes that provide fair and equitable working conditions. Organizations can also help cultivate a sense of calling in their workers by helping workers identify their gifts and interests, and putting them in roles in which these skills and propensities can be used to serve others. Workers are more likely to experience a sense of calling when they believe their job resonates with their identity, taps into their sense of self, and meets needs beyond their own.
Supply
Authors: Heathershaw John , Prelec Tena , Mayne and Tom
Published: September 2024

Chapter 4 explores the supply of professional services and postulates that an enabler effect of third parties largely in the private sector is more important in explaining the indulgence of kleptocracy than rival explanations of geopolitics (the alliance effect) and domestic politics in kleptocracies (the incumbency advantage). The enabler effect is the largely legal work done by professionals in the service of kleptocrats. The chapter outlines enabling in terms of upstream and downstream, wilful and unwitting, and compliant and noncompliant. It argues that while the supply side of the problem is complex and varied, it is possible to identify a common pattern and evaluate the power of the enabler effect across many professional service sectors.
Hiding the Money
Authors: Heathershaw John , Prelec Tena , Mayne and Tom
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores how kleptocracies siphon money abroad, and how enablers in the UK play a key role. The chapter focuses on a case study which features a US-based public communications firm, APCO, which helped the largest bank in Kyrgyz Republic clean up its reputation by hiring several former US Senators to its board. The bank, AsiaUniversalBank, was later shown to be a money-laundering vehicle which used shell companies to transfer hundreds of millions of dollars out of the country under the corrupt presidency of Kurmanbek Bakiyev. The chapter shows how the PR firm’s hiring of the former Senators helped the bank gain legitimacy and embed itself in the global financial system.
Purchasing Property
Authors: Heathershaw John , Prelec Tena , Mayne and Tom
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines how real estate in the UK is a prime target for wealth corruptly acquired in kleptocracies. The case study features Gulnara Karimova, the daughter of Uzbekistan’s first president, who received over $1 billion in bribes from telecoms companies, most notably the Scandinavian firm Telia. Karimova invested almost a quarter of these bribes in real estate around the world, including five luxury properties in the UK. Although three were later seized by the UK authorities, two had been sold at a profit despite details of the bribery scandal being reported by the media, including the names of one of her accomplices, in whose name the properties were bought. The chapter raises questions as to the due diligence performed by the solicitor responsible for the sale and queries the effectiveness of anti-money-laundering regulations as a whole.
Selling Status
Authors: Heathershaw John , Prelec Tena , Mayne and Tom
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines donations to UK universities and educational institutions from kleptocratic sources, raising questions of academic freedom and integrity. The main case study focuses on Oxford University’s Nizami Ganjavi centre, which features the Azerbaijani president’s sister-in-law on its board and received an anonymous donation of £10 million. The chapter explores the potential for authoritarian regimes to launder their reputation through such partnerships, while considering their potential impact on academic freedom. Additionally, it highlights the lack of transparency and accountability in these transactions. In the absence of professional enablers, it is universities themselves that are prepared to sell their status.
The Lupus Book
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Lupus erythematosus is a spectrum of disorders that affects several hundred thousand patients in the United States. The Lupus Book is the seventh edition of the definitive description of the disease, first published in 1995 with sales exceeding nearly 200,000 copies. It succinctly explains the etiology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of the disorder and covers appropriate symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings. The latter sections overview management and emphasize new treatments. This monograph is written at a college level and is aimed at patients, allied health professionals, and physicians. It has been described as thorough, comprehensive, and detailed, yet simple to digest and understand.
Pants and Pulses: The Lungs and Heart
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Lupus patients frequently complain of chest pain that may or may not be related to heart disease. Myocardial disease, which involves the heart muscle, is often serious and may include inflammation in the form of heart muscle dysfunction, occasionally producing congestive heart failure. In patients with antiphospholipid antibodies, the inner surface of the heart is predisposed to developing vegetations. This may lead to valve damage or stroke. Coronary artery disease and high blood pressure appear prematurely in patients taking steroids for the long-term treatment of lupus. The pacing mechanism of the heart can be impaired by scarring from previous inflammation or by the presence of autoantibodies that settle in pacing tissue.
The Blood and Lymphatic Systems
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Anemia, the most common blood abnormality in lupus patients, can cause fatigue and pallor. It can result from a nonimmunological cause—iron deficiency or chronic disease—or directly from immunological conditions caused by lupus. Immune-mediated anemias are serious and potentially life threatening. They often mandate high doses of steroids and other immunosuppressive therapies. Low white blood cell counts are commonly observed and result from antilymphocyte antibodies. White blood cells (neutrophils) do not kill bacteria as well as they should in SLE, and this increases the risk of infection. Antibodies to platelets lower platelet counts, especially in patients with the lupus anticoagulant. Very low platelet counts can result in serious internal bleeding and must be managed with steroids and other immunosuppressive therapies. Lymph glands swell with active lupus, but this can be treated. The spleen also enlarges when its filtering capacities are overwhelmed, but treatment can resolve this problem as well.
Lupus through the Ages: Lupus in Children and the Elderly
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Lupus in newborns is very rare. Cutaneous neonatal lupus disappears spontaneously. Sometimes the presence of congenital heart block may require permanent treatment with a pacemaker or medication that controls the heart’s rhythm, but this condition usually has a favorable outcome. Recent reports suggest that a minority of neonatal lupus patients may develop lupus during adolescence. Childhood lupus is frequently serious and organ threatening. Aggressive management increases the chances for a good quality of life during adulthood. The teen years are fraught with compliance problems and psychosocial complications that require special attention. For those who develop symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after age 60, drug-induced lupus and other forms of inflammatory arthritis must be ruled out first as possible culprits. Senior citizens with lupus usually have mild, nonprogressive disease.
Taming Inflammation: Anti-Inflammatory Therapies
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

leSalicylates have been used for more than 100 years, and other nonsteroidals have been used more than 40 years. They are effective in treating fevers, headaches, arthritis, arthralgia, muscle aches, and serositis. None of these agents has any disease-modifying properties in lupus and has no place in treating serious systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without disease-modifying drugs. The choice of a particular drug depends on the medical history; several agents are usually tried before one is found that is effective and safe. Call your doctor if you encounter any problems with these drugs. All the preparations listed in this section require regular blood testing and a rectal examination with a stool smear for blood at least once a year. With appropriate monitoring, NSAIDs can be given concurrently with other antilupus medications.
Connecting Musical Concepts With Games
Authors: Lesser Andrew
Published: September 2024

The games presented in Chapter 6 concentrate on Connecting, or the synthesizing and relation of musical work to personal experiences. The ability to relate content knowledge to students’ individual experiences has the potential for greater understanding of how to apply what is taught in the classroom to their everyday lives. The standard of Connecting also relates to understanding music in relation to other subjects both within and outside of arts domains. The games outlined in this chapter are organized into individual lesson templates that include learning objectives, detailed game descriptions, procedures for multiple classroom environments, differentiated instruction, assessments, and extensions. Instructional tutorial videos of each game are also available on the OUP website.
Why We Vote
Authors: Fiss Owen
Published: September 2024

Why We Vote is a bold and inspiring reconstruction of judicial doctrine giving expression to the democratic aspirations of the U.S. Constitution. It shifts the focus from equal protection and free speech to the freedom that democracy generates—the right of those who are ruled to choose their rulers. It explains why that right, derived from a reading of the Constitution as a whole, requires the extension of the franchise to all citizens. It provides the grounds for the rules that facilitate, as a purely practical matter, the exercise of the right to vote, ensure that the vote of one is equal to that of another, and guarantees feasible access to the ballot for independent candidates and new political parties.
The Book of Job in Wonderland
Authors: Armstrong Ryan M.
Published: September 2024

The book of Job and Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland may not seem like natural bedfellows at first, but both have become literary classics by lifting a voice of protest against injustice. They employ similar techniques to mock self-assured moralists: nonce-formation, unique orthography, frame tales, episodic plot structure, and parodies of religious songs. Both culminate in a chaotic trial that remains unresolved. At every turn, these books subvert conventions of genre and even language itself. Job and Alice become curiouser and curiouser as their most foundational beliefs are challenged. In this creative new study, Ryan Armstrong explores mediation in Job’s land of Uz with insights gained from Wonderland. It turns out that Job and Alice must both learn the value of honest protest, a lesson intensified by their would-be mediators. Readers throughout history have been mesmerized by Job’s search for a “redeemer,” a mediator that will stand between him and God. But few have noted the pervasiveness of mediation throughout the book, which opens and closes with mediatory acts. The author turns attention to the mediation (and un-mediation) of Job’s primary interlocutors. Like Wonderland’s Queen of Hearts, God thunders into Job’s life and reminds him that few mediators are willing to stand up to authority. Like the King of Hearts, Job’s three friends take the side of the most powerful disputant. Like Wonderland’s Gryphon, Elihu creates a cliffhanger before the denouement and offers a moment of reflection. In the end, Job, like Alice, clings to his honesty and refuses to flatter authority.
Introduction
Authors: Reeve W. Paul , Rich Christopher B. , Carruth LaJean Purcell
Published: September 2024

The 1852 Utah territorial legislature grappled with the fact that African American and Native American slavery existed in the territory, and lawmakers had to determine what to legally do about it. They crafted two laws, An Act in Relation to Service and An Act for the Relief of Indian Slaves and Prisoners. It was an all Latter-day Saint (Mormon) legislative body with significant overlap between religious and political positions. This study is based on a significant body of new evidence that includes newly transcribed speeches and debates. It offers the first historical analysis of these sources and situates the debates in Utah Territory within a national antebellum context.
Slavery among the Latter-day Saints, 1830–1847
Authors: Reeve W. Paul , Rich Christopher B. , Carruth LaJean Purcell
Published: September 2024

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was born into a fraught racial and religious context. They had to contend with questions regarding slavery and abolitionism, both of which were prominent national issues at the time. In doing so they adopted an approach grounded in political expediency more than in a theology of moral compunction against slavery. Their approach toward slavery influenced their experiences in Missouri, Ohio, and Illinois, before fleeing the United States in 1846. Joseph Smith, as leader of the faith, modified his views on slavery over the course of his short life. In Missouri, he adopted a conciliatory stance toward enslavers, especially after Latter-day Saints were driven from Jackson County because outsiders accused them of promoting slave rebellion and race mixing. In Illinois, however, Smith espoused ideals grounded in the commonality of all human beings and advocated a government funded gradual emancipation plan.
Slavery, Priesthood Denial, and Brigham Young versus Orson Pratt
Authors: Reeve W. Paul , Rich Christopher B. , Carruth LaJean Purcell
Published: September 2024

In 1856, Latter-day Saint leaders made a second application for statehood and debated a proposal to apply as a slave state. Delegates soundly defeated that proposal, but it indicated the strength of the pro-slavery faction in the territory. Latter-day Saint leaders also began to publicly defend the faith’s newly articulated racial priesthood restriction and offered a variety of rationales to justify it. In the end, Latter-day Saint leaders Brigham Young and Orson Pratt represented two competing strands of thought in the antebellum period. Brigham Young looked backward to various unfree labor categories from the early decades of the nineteenth century, and Orson Pratt looked forward to advocate a free labor ideal. In the long sweep of history, Pratt’s vision won out.