bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposed stress block for no coarse-aggregate concrete
Authors: Christianto Daniel , Tavio  , Yoana Metta , Utami Tiara Amira , Patrick  , Lenita Helga
Published: September 2023

Concrete is one of the materials in construction that continues to develop in strength and efficiency. Since most areas in Indonesia are vulnerable to earthquakes, the building structures must be more resistant to seismic forces. Increasing the concrete's strength might reduce the building structure's dimensions and weight, which will also reduced the earthquake force. One example of high-strength concrete is reactive powder concrete (RPC), an innovative concrete with small particle materials to fill in the space within the concrete so it can strengthen the concrete. Despite the advantage, there is still a lack of design provisions for this type of concrete. This research was conducted to analyze the stress-strain diagram curve and the compressive stress block for no-coarse aggregtae concrete. In this research, compression tests have been carried out on 100 mm × 200 mm cylinder samples with concrete compressive strength ranges from 28 to 76 N/mm2. Test results indicate that the actual curve of the stress-strain relationship for concrete without coarse aggregate is almost linear and shaped like a triangle with the maximum strain ranges from 0.006 to 0.008. The energy per unit volume ranges from 0.1175 to 0.3658 N/mm2 and the average force capture point is 0.62626 units. Based on the test results, compression stress block for no-coarse aggregtae concrete are proposed.
Physical and mechanical properties of synthetic beams from high density polyethylene waste
Authors: Faizah Restu , Harsoyo Yoga Aprianto , Pratama Wahyu Arif , Fathiya Raihan Nur , Budiyantoro Cahyo
Published: September 2023

Improper processing of plastic waste can cause several environmental problems, such as air pollution, soil damage, respiratory diseases, and others. This research utilizes high density polyethylene (HDPE) waste as a basic material for synthetic beams. The manufacture of synthetic beams goes through several stages, such as washing, drying, crushing, chopping, and melting HDPE waste, as well as moulding into a block. The physical properties examined in this study include compressive strength, flexural strength, density, and ductility which refer to SNI 03-3958-1995 and SNI 03-3959-1995 codes. From the test results, it was obtained that the average compressive strength and flexural strength of synthetic beams were 1.52 – 2.53 MPa and 0.61 – 0.95 MPa, respectively. Synthetic beams have an average modulus of elasticity of 109.4 MPa, and a density of 834.8 kg/m3. The test results from this study indicate that the strength of synthetic beams from HDPE is low and does not meet the requirements for use as a construction material. In further research, innovation is needed to obtain stronger synthetic beams.
Capacity analysis of exterior beam-column reinforced concrete joints using Midas FEA software
Authors: Hartantio William , Leman Sunarjo
Published: September 2023

One of the main parts in the planning of reinforced concrete structures lies in the beam column joint (BCJ) connection. The beam-column connection consists of interior, exterior, and knee joints. In this study an analysis has been carried out regarding the behavior of the joints on the exterior of the beam-column joints and look for the capacity of the structural strength of the beam-column using conventional methods. The connection type component will be carried out based on the results of laboratory test results and modifying the connection type based on the data search obtained, then compared with the Midas FEA Software. The results of the analysis of the capacity of beam-column joints based on ASCE 41 and finite elements in the yield condition yield smaller values with a difference of 1.34% - 4%. In the inside hook modification using laboratory and finite element test methods, the difference in capacity values is greater, namely 2.91% - 8.12%. The behavior of the beam-column joints capacity when two U-bar joint shear reinforcement was added did not increase significantly by 2.77% and the behavior of the beam-column joints when four U-bar joint shear reinforcement was added showed a high increase by 95.26%.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and a new Enterocytozoon sp. in pet hairless guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) from China
Authors: Lv Chaochao , Li Chen , Wang Jingsong , Qian Weifeng
Published: September 2023

Enterocytozoon bieneusi, the most common microsporidian species, has been detected in humans and a variety of animals worldwide. However, limited information is available on the prevalence and molecular characterization of this parasite in guinea pigs. In this study, we conducted the first investigation of E. bieneusi infection in hairless guinea pigs recently introduced into China as new exotic pets. A total of 324 fecal samples were collected from hairless guinea pigs from a pet market and four breeding facilities in China. Sequence alignment of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) revealed an infection rate of 14.2% (46/324) and two known ITS genotypes, S7 and PGP. Genotype S7 was the dominant genotype in these animals (42/46, 91.3%). Due to significant ITS sequence divergence, four and two PGP isolates from hairless and regular guinea pigs, respectively were further identified by PCR and phylogenetic analysis based on the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, as well as phylogenetic analysis of the ITS locus using E. hepatopenaei and two related genera Enterospora and Nucleospora as the outgroup. Three out of the six PGP isolates were successfully sequenced and generated the same sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of SSU rRNA and ITS loci revealed that PGP isolates formed a separate clade that was distinct and far away from E. bieneusi, suggesting that they represent a new species of Enterocytozoon. These findings indicate the dominance of zoonotic E. bieneusi genotype S7 in hairless guinea pigs and the existence of a cryptic Enterocytozoon species in guinea pigs.
Forecasting solar energetic proton integral fluxes with bi-directional long short-term memory neural networks
Authors: Nedal Mohamed , Kozarev Kamen , Arsenov Nestor , Zhang Peijin
Published: September 2023

Solar energetic particles are mainly protons and originate from the Sun during solar flares or coronal shock waves. Forecasting the Solar Energetic Protons (SEP) flux is critical for several operational sectors, such as communication and navigation systems, space exploration missions, and aviation flights, as the hazardous radiation may endanger astronauts’, aviation crew, and passengers’ health, the delicate electronic components of satellites, space stations, and ground power stations. Therefore, the prediction of the SEP flux is of high importance to our lives and may help mitigate the negative impacts of one of the serious space weather transient phenomena on the near-Earth space environment. Numerous SEP prediction models are being developed with a variety of approaches, such as empirical models, probabilistic models, physics-based models, and AI-based models. In this work, we use the bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network model architecture to train SEP forecasting models for three standard integral GOES channels (>10 MeV, >30 MeV, >60 MeV) with three forecast windows (1-day, 2-day, and 3-day ahead) based on daily data obtained from the OMNIWeb database from 1976 to 2019. As the SEP variability is modulated by the solar cycle, we select input parameters that capture the short-term, typically within a span of a few hours, and long-term, typically spanning several days, fluctuations in solar activity. We take the F10.7 index, the sunspot number, the time series of the logarithm of the X-ray flux, the solar wind speed, and the average strength of the interplanetary magnetic field as input parameters to our model. The results are validated with an out-of-sample testing set and benchmarked with other types of models.
The Correlation between Oral Lichen Planus and Thyroid Pathologies: A Retrospective Study in a Sample of Italian Population
Authors: Piloni Sara , Ferragina Francesco , Barca Ida , Kallaverja Elvis , Cristofaro Maria Giulia
Published: September 2023

Objectives The association between oral lichen planus and thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, has been discussed in current literature with conflicting outcomes.

Materials and Methods The study retrospectively evaluated the thyroid status in patients diagnosed with oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions. A case–control approach was used to prove that thyroid disorders were statistically significant risk factors for oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions.

Statistical Analysis To evaluate these associations, odds ratios (ORs) were used. ORs precision and statistical significance were estimated using a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value, respectively.

Results A total of 307 patients were involved in the study: 158 females and 149 males. OR, 95% CIs, and p-values were analyzed. Patients with thyroid diseases showed an increased risk of developing oral lichen planus (OR: 4.29, 95% CI: 1.85–9.96, p-value: 0.0007) and oral lichenoid lesions (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.24–6.13, p-value: 0.0129). This association was maintained in patients with oral lichen planus, while also considering hypothyroidism (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 1.46–9.58, p-value: 0.0059) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (OR: 4.57, 95% CI: 1.58–13.23, p-value: 0.005) alone. The correlation of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking status with oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions was also evaluated but no statistical significance was found.

Conclusion Even if further investigations are needed, the association between oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions with thyroid pathologies should be taken into consideration by endocrinologists due to the potential malignancy of these disorders.
Deciduous Molars Complexity Anatomy Reveled by Computed Microtomography
Authors: Teixeira Tais Fernandes , da Silva Alexandre Marques Paes , Coutinho Thais Machado de Carvalho , Marceliano Eduardo Fagury Videira , dos Santos Miranda Ana Raquel Lopes , Ferreira Dennis de Carvalho , Provenzano José Claudio , Marceliano-Alves Marilia Fagury Videira
Published: September 2023

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the internal morphology of deciduous molars through the use of computed microtomography in a sample from Rio de Janeiro.

Material and Methods Thirty maxillary and 30 mandibular deciduous molars (n = 60), divided in first and second primary molars, were scanned by computed microtomography. The teeth were evaluated for root number, root canals, Vertucci classification, root curvature, presence of lateral canals, furcation dentin thickness, structure model index (SMI), volume, and canal surface area.

Results The results showed 100% of maxillary molars had three roots and Vertucci type I canal was more prevalent in this group. In the mandibular ones, type IV was more frequent in the mesial root and class I in the distal root and the cavo-interradicular canal occurred in 2 specimens. Dentin thickness in the furcation region measured 1.53 and 1.59 mm in the maxillary and mandibular, respectively. Volume and area parameters varied according to the evaluated canals and SMI demonstrated that all canals had a cylindrical shape.

Conclusion More detailed information about the internal anatomy of the primary molars has been described, which may help strategies in the preparation of these root canals.
Flexural Strength of Two Multilayered and Monochromatic High Yttria Containing Zirconia Materials Following Different Sintering Parameters
Authors: Juntavee Niwut , Juntavee Apa , Jaralpong Chutikarn
Published: September 2023

Objectives Sintering parameters influence the properties of zirconia. This study examined the effect of altering sintering temperature and time of monochrome and multilayer 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) on flexural strength.

Materials and Methods Three hundred specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared from monolayer (ZX) and multilayer (ZM) 5Y-PSZ and randomly sintered at decreasing (TD: 1,450°C), regular (TR: 1,500°C), and increasing (TI: 1,550°C) sintering temperature, with extremely short (HE: 10 minutes), ultrashort (HU: 15 minutes), short (HS: 30 minutes), and regular (HR: 135 minutes) sintering time (n = 15/group). The precrack was induced on the tension side before testing for flexural strength (σ).

Statistical Analysis Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used for significant differences of σ at p < 0.05. The microstructure and crystalline (monoclinic; m, tetragonal; t, cubic; c) phase were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).

Results ZXTIHS indicated the highest σ for ZX (315.81 ± 18.91 MPa), whereas ZMTIHS indicated the highest σ for ZM (335.21 ± 36.18 MPa). There was no significant difference for σ between ZX and ZM (p > 0.05). Sintering zirconia at TI or HR indicated significantly higher σ than sintering at TD or TR or with HS, HE, or HU for both ZX and ZM (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference for σ between TRHR and TIHS, TIHU, and TIHE (p > 0.05). SEM indicated intergranular and transgranular fractures. XRD revealed predominately c- and t-phases and minor amounts of m-phase.

Conclusion Increasing sintered temperature with decreasing time offers acceptable strength to regular sintering. Raising sintering temperature with decreasing time is suggested to facilitate chairside restorative reconstruction.
Surgery and Anesthesia in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Condliffe Robin , Newton Ruth , Bauchmuller Kris , Bonnett Tessa , Kerry Robert , Mannings Alexa , Nair Amanda , Selby Karen , Skinner Paul P. , Wilson Victoria J. , Kiely David G.
Published: September 2023

Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by right ventricular impairment and a reduced ability to compensate for hemodynamic insults. Consequently, surgery can be challenging but is increasingly considered in view of available specific therapies and improved longer term survival. Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary patient-centered approach involving surgeons, anesthetists, pulmonary hypertension clinicians, and intensivists. The optimal pathway involves risk:benefit assessment for the proposed operation, optimization of pulmonary hypertension and any comorbidities, the appropriate anesthetic approach for the specific procedure and patient, and careful monitoring and management in the postoperative period. Where patients are carefully selected and meticulously managed, good outcomes can be achieved.
Papillon Flap—Design Modification of ALT Flap for Circumferential Laryngopharyngeal Defect
Authors: Singh Sukhdeep , Brajesh Vimalendu , Aggarwal Aditya
Published: September 2023

Anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap is a commonly used flap for reconstruction of circumferential laryngopharyngeal defects. The flap is harvested as an ellipse and tubed along its length. We would like to present a design modification of the ALT flap where the tubing of the flap is done along the width of the flap. This design has advantages as it allows for a two-layered closure without the harvest of additional tissue and provides skin for neck coverage also. After inset, the flap resembles a butterfly, hence the name “Papillon Flap.”
An underwater solution to a hypersonic communication problem
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: September 2023

Low-frequency signals, like those used in underwater communications, can mitigate the communication blackout experienced by hypersonic vehicles in near space.
Machine learning-based splash prediction model for drops impact on dry solid surfaces
Authors: Ye Han , Qian Shangtuo , Zhu David Z. , Feng Jiangang , Xu Hui , Qiao Xuyang , Zeng Qin
Published: September 2023

The impact of drops on dry solid surfaces has important applications in engineering. The post-impact behavior of drops can be classified into non-splash and splash, and there is a lack of splash prediction models that well consider the independent and coupled effects of liquid properties, drop impact characteristics, and surface properties. In this study, machine learning methods of Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are applied to build splash prediction models and analyze the effects of different features. The RF model achieves good prediction accuracy and identifies the roughness R*, Weber number We, Reynolds number Re, and contact angle θeq as the most influential parameters, with decreasing importance. The interpretability analysis shows the increasing splashing tendency with increasing We, Re, and R* and decreasing cos θeq, and a special case of non-splash by drops impact on hydrophobic surfaces with cos θeq ≈ −0.45 is found, which can be explained by the coupled effects of drop and surface features. The classical splash prediction model, K-parameter model, is improved by SVM in an explicit form and considering the effects of liquid properties, drop impact characteristics, and surface properties. The improved K-parameter model has good performance for surfaces with various roughness and wettability, and its prediction accuracy reaches 86.49%, which is significantly higher than 67.57% of the K-parameter model, 46.49% of the Riboux and Gordillo model, and 66.10% of the Zhang model. This study is expected to provide valuable insight into the control of non-splash or splash of drops according to different requirements during applications.
Colloid transport by an oscillatory electroosmotic flow between microelectrodes of axially variable shape
Authors: Vargas C. , Méndez F. , Docoslis A. , Escobedo C.
Published: September 2023

In this work, an analytic solution for the hydrodynamic dispersion of silver colloidal nanoparticles released into an oscillatory electroosmotic flow between microelectrodes of axially variable shape is presented. The long-time colloid concentration response is derived using the homogenization method together with multiple-scale analysis. The results indicate that the deposition of nanoparticles onto the surface of the microelectrodes depends on the rate constant β of solute reaction at the wall, on the angular frequency ω, and mainly on the induced pressure gradient that arises due to the variable geometrical shape of the walls. For suitable values of the previous parameters, we show that colloidal nanoparticle concentration can be enhanced as well as choosing the location where it will happen.
Cox–Merz rules from general rigid bead-rod theory
Authors: Kanso M. A. , Pak Myong Chol , Giacomin A. J.
Published: September 2023

The value of this work is in its macromolecular explanations of both Cox–Merz rules, thus of when to expect them to work. For polymeric liquids and their solutions, the measured values of the steady shear viscosity and the magnitude of the complex viscosity often equate, within experimental error, when compared at common shear rate (in units of t−1) and angular frequency (in units of rad t−1). Called the first Cox–Merz rule, this remarkable empiricism, with one exception, has defied most macromolecular explanations. This one exception is the suspension of multi-bead rods and its special case of rigid dumbbells. The second Cox–Merz rule equates approximately the slope of the first derivative of steady shear viscosity with respect to shear rate with the real part of the complex viscosity when compared at common shear rate (in units of t−1) and angular frequency (in units of rad t−1). In this paper, we explain both Cox–Merz rules for all axisymmetric macromolecules, be they prolate or oblate, of almost any lopsidedness. Furthermore, through the lens of general rigid bead-rod theory, we define under what conditions these rules do not apply. Specifically, the first Cox–Merz rule fails when the macromolecules are too oblate.
Production routes analysis of PET agent 72As from alpha and proton induced reaction using different level density models
Authors: Rahman A. K. M. Rezaur , Amin Md. Nurul
Published: September 2023

This study evaluated the production routes of the medically essential radioisotope 72As from the stable isotopes of gallium, germanium, arsenic, and selenium, where four alpha-induced reactions: 69Ga(α, n)72As, 71Ga(α, 3n)72As, 70Ge(α, np)72As, and 72Ge(α, nt)72As and five proton-induced reactions: 72Ge(p, n)72As, 73Ge(p, 2n)72As, 74Ge(p, 3n)72As, 75As(p, nt)72As, and 74Se(p, 2np)72As are evaluated using three phenomenological and one microscopic nuclear level density models in different energy ranges. The investigation compares the calculated results based on the chosen models and the experimental data collected from the EXFOR data library. Statistical factors H, D, and R were also computed to determine the level density model with the best fit to the experimental data. Some level density parameters were adjusted to enrich the fits further, and integral yield vs energy was calculated using the best-fitted models.
Small mammal succession following low severity planned burns with different fire intervals
Authors: Driessen Michael M.
Published: September 2023

Understanding how mammal species respond to planned burns can assist managers of protected areas to better implement fire regimes for mammal conservation. I investigated the response of three small mammal species (Rattus lutreola, Mastcomys fuscus and Antechinus minimus) to low severity, consecutive planned burns with different fire intervals (6–9 and 22 years) over 17 years, using live-trapping in montane moorland. Following the burns, vegetation density decreased by 71–83% and the small mammal species were largely absent for at least 2 years. Vegetation recovery to pre-burn levels was slower (7–10+ years versus 4–5 years) following burns with short fire intervals (6–9 years) than long fire intervals (22 years), and this was associated with a slower and reduced recovery for A. minimus but not for R. lutreola and M. fuscus. This study suggests that these species are resilient to small scale, low severity planned burns in montane moorlands on moderate productivity soils provided fire intervals are not too short (<10 years). Further studies are required to augment these findings and to investigate small mammal responses in moorlands on less productive soils than those studied here, where recovery times are expected to occur over longer timeframes.
LST-1 is a bifunctional regulator that feeds back on Notch-dependent transcription to regulate
C. elegans
germline stem cells
Authors: Ferdous Ahlan S. , Lynch Tina R. , Costa Dos Santos Stephany J. , Kapadia Deep H. , Crittenden Sarah L. , Kimble Judith
Published: September 2023

Notch signaling regulates stem cells across animal phylogeny.
C. elegans
Notch signaling activates transcription of two genes,
lst-1
and
sygl-1
, that encode potent regulators of germline stem cells. The LST-1 protein regulates stem cells in two distinct ways: It promotes self-renewal posttranscriptionally and also restricts self-renewal by a poorly understood mechanism. Its self-renewal promoting activity resides in its N-terminal region, while its self-renewal restricting activity resides in its C-terminal region and requires the Zn finger. Here, we report that LST-1 limits self-renewal by down-regulating Notch-dependent transcription. We detect LST-1 in the nucleus, in addition to its previously known cytoplasmic localization. LST-1 lowers nascent transcript levels at both
lst-1
and
sygl-1
loci but not at
let-858
, a Notch-independent locus. LST-1 also lowers levels of two key components of the Notch activation complex, the LAG-1 DNA binding protein and Notch intracellular domain (NICD). Genetically, an LST-1 Zn finger mutant increases Notch signaling strength in both gain- and loss-of-function GLP-1/Notch receptor mutants. Biochemically, LST-1 co-immunoprecipitates with LAG-1 from nematode extracts, suggesting a direct effect. LST-1 is thus a bifunctional regulator that coordinates posttranscriptional and transcriptional mechanisms in a single protein. This LST-1 bifunctionality relies on its bipartite protein architecture and is bolstered by generation of two LST-1 isoforms, one specialized for Notch downregulation. A conserved theme from worms to human is the coupling of PUF-mediated RNA repression together with Notch feedback in the same protein.
Are Hostility, Anger, and Aggression Involved in the Social Anxiety of Forensic Psychiatric Outpatients Convicted of a Violent Crime?
Authors: Kraaimaat Floris W. , Hornsveld Ruud H. J.
Published: September 2023

There is limited evidence in the literature that hostility, anger, and aggression are involved with social anxiety. The present study examined the relationship of personality traits and aggression with social anxiety and social skills in forensic psychiatric outpatients convicted of a violent crime. Social anxiety was mainly contributed to by neuroticism, state anger, and social skills, while neuroticism and social anxiety were the main contributors to social skills. Anger, next to neuroticism and social skills, appeared to be involved in the outpatients’ social anxiety. Neuroticism and social anxiety were found to be the main contributors to social skills.
Mechanical Characterization of Broadband Achromatic Optical Vortex Metalens
Authors: Lu 陆 Zhechun 哲淳 , Deng 邓 Yuehua 越华 , Yu 于 Yang 洋 , Huang 黄 Chengzhi 承志 , Yang 杨 Junbo 俊波
Published: September 2023

Metalenses, which may effectively manipulate the wavefront of incident light, have been proposed and extensively utilized in the development of various planar optical devices for specialized purposes. However, similar to traditional lenses, the metalens suffers from chromatic aberration problems due to the significant phase dispersion in each unit structure and the limited operational bandwidth. To mitigate the impact of chromatic aberration, we integrate a phase compensation approach with a novel utilization of a phase shift function to define the adjusted phase criterion satisfied by each α-Si resonance unit. This approach may lead to development of an innovative optical tweezer known as an achromatic optical vortex metalens (AOVM), offering reliable focusing capabilities across the 1300 nm and 1600 nm incident light range. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the optical properties of 200 nm diameter SiO2 particles at the focal plane of the AOVM. The trapping ability of the AOVM is successfully validated, exhibiting favorable characteristics including constant optical force, stable kinematic state of trapped particles, and consistent capture positions, surpassing those of the optical vortex metalens.
An efficient magnetothermal actuation setup for fast heating/cooling cycles or long-term induction heating of different magnetic nanoparticle classes
Authors: Kuckla Daniel Alexander , Brand Julia-Sarita , Czech Bastian , Asharion Amirarsalan , Jüttner Jan Vinzenz , Novoselova Iuliia Pavlovna , Neusch Andreas , Hagemann Philipp , Getzlaff Mathias , Monzel Cornelia
Published: September 2023

Alternating magnetic fields (AMFs) in the ∼100 kHz frequency regime cause magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to dissipate heat to their nanoscale environment. This mechanism is beneficial for a variety of applications in biomedicine and nanotechnology, such as localized heating of cancer tissue, actuation of drug release, or inducing conformational changes of molecules. However, engineering electromagnetic resonant circuits which generate fields to efficiently heat MNPs over long time scales, remains a challenge. In addition, many applications require fast heating/cooling cycles over ΔT= 5 °C–10 °C to switch the sample between different states. Here, we present a home-built magnetothermal actuation setup maximized in its efficiency to deliver stable AMFs as well as to enable fast heating/cooling cycles of MNP samples. The setup satisfies various demands, such as an elaborate cooling system to control heating of the circuit components as well as of the sample due to inductive losses. Fast cycles of remote sample heating/cooling (up to ±15 °C min−1) as well as long-term induction heating were monitored via contact-free thermal image recording at sub-mm resolution. Next to characterizing the improved hyperthermia setup, we demonstrate its applicability to heat different types of MNPs: ‘nanoflower’-shaped multicore iron oxide nanoparticles, core shell magnetite MNPs, as well as magnetosomes from magnetotactic bacteria (Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense). MNPs are directly compared in their structure, surface charge, magnetic properties as well as heating response. Our work provides practical guidelines for AMF engineering and the monitoring of MNP heating for biomedical or nano-/biotechnological applications.
An accurate novel circular hole inspection method for sheet metal parts using edge-guided robust multi-view stereo
Authors: Wu Haitao , Dong Yanzhen , Cao Xianfeng , Ma Jiyong , Xi Juntong
Published: September 2023

Sheet metal parts are frequently used in the industrial field, and the circular holes on these parts are commonly employed as assembly references. Therefore, precise measurement of these circular holes is essential. Because of the scratches, rust, and complex reflection around the edges, the measurement of circular holes on sheet metal parts is a challenging task. In this research, an accurate circular hole inspection method for sheet metal parts is proposed to realize online inspection using a multi-camera system. After capturing images in a single shot, edge detection is adopted to obtain sub-pixel circular hole contours. A new adaptive matching cost based on the descriptor of binary robust independent elementary features and bilinear normalized cross-correlation is introduced to the PatchMatch-based multi-view stereo method to obtain dense and accurate point clouds. To improve the accuracy and integrity of circular hole measurement, a new edge-guided multi-scale geometric consistency matching strategy is proposed accompanied by depth detail restoration. Finally, the points around the circular hole in a spherical range are sampled using the trinocular constraint principle and fitted with the circular equation. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs well, with an error of approximately 0.04 mm, and improves the measurement accuracy compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms.
The path of a light ray in a semicircular cavity
Authors: Luca R De
Published: September 2023

It is well known that the path of a light ray incident on the inner reflecting wall of a circular cavity can be constructed by geometric means. Analogous to what is done in this more common geometric configuration, trajectories of light rays in a semicircular closed region with perfectly reflecting inner walls are found. A ruler-and-compass method for obtaining these trajectories is illustrated.
Slonczewski-spin-current driven dynamics of 180∘ domain walls in spin valves with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Du Jiaxin , Li Mei , Zhang Xue , Xi Bin , Liu Yong-Jun , Duan Chun-Gui , Lu Jie
Published: September 2023

Steady-flow dynamics of ferromagnetic 180∘ domain walls (180DWs) in long and narrow spin valves (LNSVs) with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (IDMI) under spin currents with Slonczewski

g
−

factor are examined. Depending on the magnetization orientation of polarizers (pinned layers of LNSVs), dynamics of 180DWs in free layers of LNSVs are subtly manipulated: (i) for parallel polarizers, stronger spin polarization leads to higher Walker limit thus ensures the longevity of faster steady flows. Meantime, IDMI induces both the stable-region flapping and its width enlargement. (ii) For perpendicular polarizers, a wandering of 180DWs between bi- and tri-stability persists with the criticality adjusted by the IDMI. (iii) For planar-transverse polarizers, IDMI makes the stable region of steady flows completely asymmetric and further imparts a high saturation wall velocity under large current density. Under the last two polarizers, the ultrahigh differential mobility of 180DWs survives. The combination of Slonczewski spin current and IDMI provides various possibilities of fine controlling on 180DW dynamics, hence opens avenues for magnetic nanodevices with rich functionality and high robustness.
Development and evaluation of a standard for absorbed dose to water from alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides
Authors: Khan Ahtesham Ullah , Radtke Jeff , Palmer Benjamin , Hull Jennifer , Kunugi Keith , DeWerd Larry
Published: September 2023

Targeted radionuclide therapy and brachytherapy with alpha particles has gained significant clinical relevance recently. Absorbed dose traceability to a standard is currently lacking in the dosimetry chain. The short range of alpha particles in water of <100 μm complicates the absorbed dose measurements in the form of significant attenuation and perturbation effects. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a standard for absorbed dose to water from alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides. A dosimetric formalism to realize surface absorbed dose to water per unit activity using a windowless cylindrical parallel-plate ion chamber (IC) was introduced. IC-based and Monte Carlo (MC)-based correction factors were calculated for a planar circular 210Po alpha-particle emitter. The measured absorbed dose to air was compared to the MC-calculated absorbed dose. A parallel-plate IC with a nominal 4 mm collector diameter composed of polystyrene-equivalent material was utilized as a standard. MC simulations were performed using the TOPAS MC code and finite source size, backscatter, and emission angle divergence correction factors were calculated by modeling the IC and the source. Multiple measurement trials were performed to measure ionization current at air gaps in the 0.3 mm to 0.525 mm range. The proposed dosimetric formalism was employed to calculate the surface absorbed dose to water from a point-like 210Po source. The recombination and polarity correction factors were measured to be <0.50% when a 150 V mm−1 electric field strength was applied. The MC-calculated and measured absorbed dose to air agreed within 2.05%. The finite source size and backscatter corrections were <10% with the emission angle divergence correction being in the 93%–239% range. The surface absorbed dose to water was measured to be 2.8913 × 10−6 Gy s−1 Bq−1 with a combined uncertainty of 4.23% at k = 1. This work demonstrated the ability of a windowless parallel-plate IC as a standard for absorbed dose from alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides.
Dominance of palm oil plantation utilization on peatlands in Riau Province
Authors: Suwondo  , Wulandari S , Darmadi  , Haryanto R , Ramdani I
Published: September 2023

Oil palm plantations have a positive impact in the form of increasing economic and social value for people in Riau Province. The area of oil palm plantations continues to increase. The limited mineral land in Riau Province has triggered the opening of oil palm plantations on peatlands. The study was conducted to obtain information on the dominance of the use of oil palm plantations in peatlands in Riau Province in this decade. The study was conducted with a descriptive approach based on analysis of changes in peatland use and increased production of oil palm plantations. The analysis was carried out spatially with the overlay technique. The analysis results were strengthened descriptively based on a literature review. The results study found that the area of oil palm plantations on peatlands in Riau Province reached 44.48%. The total production of FFE increased from 127 tons in 2010 to 193 tons in 2020. The estimated was number of people who depend on the oil palm plantation sector is 51.93%. The concluded that oil palm plantation activities have dominated the utilization of peatlands in Riau Province. The increase in oil palm plantations supports increasing production and becomes a leading commodity. The dominance of oil palm plantations has contributed to social and economic aspects as the mayor source of livelihood and increasing income.
Development of strategic plan for palm sugar agro-industry using SWOT analysis and business model canvas: Case study in Lombo Village, Sidrap District
Authors: Fitriwati  , Makkarennu  , Syahid M
Published: September 2023

Agro-industry is the fundamental part of a development of the agricultural sector. One form of promising agro-industry to be developed in Indonesia is the development of products from palm sugar commodities. The purpose of this research is to determine how to develop a business strategy and increase the potential of the palm sugar industri in Lombo Village, Sidrap District. This study aims to: 1. determine external and internal factors; 2. formulate and analyze internal and external factors, which include strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, from the development of palm sugar agribusiness. 3. Determine strategic priorities based on existing potentials, capabilities, and constraints. 4. Define a business model canvas.The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. This study used an accidental sampling method with a total sample size of 40 palm sugar farmers. Data analysis was performed using SWOT matrix analysis and the Business Model Canvas (BMC). The conclusion from the internal matrix analysis is that the Strategic Factor (IFAS) 5.295 and the External Strategic Factor (EFAS) 4.89. This illustrates that the palm sugar industry in Lombo Village, Sidrap District has strengths that can be developed further. The advice to palm sugar farmers in this area is to maintain product taste, as well as carrying out various innovations in diversifying palm sugar products and making product packaging attractive so that it will increase added value.
Application of coconut shell liquid smoke on dried skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) quality
Authors: Botutihe F , Laboko A I , Novitasari E , Winanda E , Adiko R , Andriani I , Rahmi H , Nurhafsah
Published: September 2023

Liquid smoke is produced from incomplete combustion, contains various compounds with functional properties that can provide aroma, taste, and color. Liquid smoke can be used as a preservative because it contains phenols and acids as anti-bacterial and antioxidant. Application of liquid smoke as a preservative can be done in the drying process using an oven. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of liquid smoke on the quality and organoleptic of dried skipjack tuna. The use of liquid smoke in the study was 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% consisting of 3 replications. Using a completely randomized design (CRD) and the smallest real test (BNJ). Parameters observed include water content, protein content, ash content and organoleptic test consisting of 25 panellists. The results showed that the lowest water content and the highest protein were found in the A2 treatment (use of liquid smoke 1%) at 47.7% and 50.71%, respectively. The highest ash content was found in treatment A1 (0.5% liquid smoke) at 4.56%. While the highest overall organoleptic assessment of color, taste, texture and aroma were the dried Skipjack Tuna with 1,5% liquid smoke with a score of 4.4.
Potential development and utilization of sweet potato flour as a raw material for the food industry
Authors: Histifarina D , Purnamasari N R , Rahmat R
Published: September 2023

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one type of tuber that has an important role in food diversification programs. Each 100g of sweet potato contains 27.9 g of carbohydrates, 7000 SI of vitamin A, 30 mg of vitamin C, 30 mg of mineral Ca and an energy value of 123 calories. Its carbohydrate content ranges from 64.83 to 66.90% which is a potential energy source to meet basic food needs other than rice. Sweet potato is considered as a raw material for the food industry, because it has good nutritional content, short plant life, and high production. Its vitamin B6 and folic acid is needed to optimize brain work, rich in fiber and complex carbohydrates but low in calories which is very good for diabetics. However, the soft texture of sweet potatoes and the high of its water content make sweet potatoes easy to damage due to mechanical influences. Processing into flour is one of the efforts to preserve sweet potatoes and increase their usefulness. Ingredients composition, drying method, use of chemicals, and steaming process are factors that can affect flour quality, especially its color and functional characteristics. Drying methods that can be used are spray drying, drum drying and oven dryer. The aim of this review is to explore the opportunities and potential of sweet potato flour (SPF) as an industrial raw material for processed food industries in Indonesia. The review method used is the reference collection method, which is taken from several research results related to SPF and its application to food products such as beverages, fructose syrup, noodles, flakes, cookies, ice cream, yogurt, jams, dyes, and others. Through the preservation of sweet potato into flour and its use as industrial raw material, it is hoped that it can increase the diversity of functional foods needed by the Indonesian community.
Intellectual property right protection of Bantaeng Robusta Coffee through geographical indications
Authors: Kusnaedi  , Hasbir  , Marwah
Published: September 2023

Based on the Trade Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) agreement, manufacturers are prohibited from using labels or brands on their production goods that do not comply with geographical indications. Member countries must provide legal means prohibiting signs on goods that can mislead the public that the goods in question originate from other regions than the actual origin of the goods. The primary purpose of registering geographic indications is to protect producers and consumers from product counterfeiting specific to the region. In addition, the registration of geographical indications also aims to increase the income of the business community for typical regional products. This research is an empirical law study to identify the potential of Robusta Coffee in Bantaeng to obtain Geographical Indication protection. The study results found that Robusta Coffee of Bantaeng has qualifications in the premium grade category, with a final score of 81.92. Therefore, the Regional Government of Bantaeng Regency can apply for registration of geographical indications because Bantaeng Robusta Coffee has a reputation and characteristics influenced by geographical and human factors.
Development strategy of seaweed innovation product and marketing at UTARI cooperative, Bulukumba regency
Authors: Busthanul N , Diansari P , Demmallino E B , Syafiuddin M , Sulianderi N M V , Sabaniah H , Istianingsih V , Syam S H , Rahmawati N
Published: September 2023

Bulukumba Regency is one of the centers for seaweed (Euchema cottonii) development commodities in South Sulawesi. Seaweed has benefits for humans, among others, can be used as food, drink and even medicine. Therefore, the main focus of innovation or the aim of this research is creating new ideas which in turn will be implemented into new products and new processes using technology. This research was conducted from May to July 2022 in Bulukumba Regency. The approach method used in This research was descriptive qualitative in nature, involving 15 members of UTARI cooperative that produced seaweed products. Seaweed innovation products produced include seaweed meatballs, brownies, seaweed dodol, seaweed candies and seaweed drinks. Marketing of seaweed products was still local, mostly purchased by neighbors and motorcycles/cars passing by. Inter-regional marketing has not been carried out go out. Average sales/day of 10 cups of seaweed meatballs for IDR 10,000 - 6 pcs of seaweed brownies for a price of IDR 30,000 - 10 bottles of seaweed drink for IDR 8,000 - 5 pcs of seaweed dodol for IDR 10,000, and seaweed candy 5 pcs for IDR 10,000. The strategies that can be carried out by the UTARI Cooperative to develop processed seaweed product innovations in Bulukumba are increasing collaboration between UTARI cooperatives and stakeholders, improving the marketing system through digital marketing (social media), recruiting additional employees or members of the UTARI cooperative, and making processed grass sea products as special souvenir products in Bulukumba.
Analysis of corn marketing efficiency in sribatara village buton district
Authors: Azizu A M , Azizu M N
Published: September 2023

Corn in Indonesia is grown by farmers with a narrow area of land and different marketing channels. The type of marketing channels chosen by farmers will have an impact on marketing margins and efficiency. Therefore this research was conducted with the aim of 1) analyzing the types of corn marketing channels in Sribatara Village and 2) analyzing marketing margins and corn marketing efficiency in Sribatara Village. The research method used is a survey method with the aim (sampling purpose) of interviewing traders directly. There are two marketing channels for corn, namely type I starts from farmers to village collectors and continues to wholesalers in Baubau city, while type II starts from farmers and continues directly to wholesalers in Baubau city. Collector traders perform the functions of buying, selling, transporting, and financing as well as market information functions. The results of the analysis of marketing margins, costs, and profits in type I and type II marketing channels each provide different benefits. Both marketing channels provide the same total margin of Rp. 3,000/Kg. The selling price at the farmer level is Rp. 4,000/Kg, while the selling price at the wholesaler level is Rp. 7,000/Kg. The difference between the two marketing channels is that there is a long marketing chain before the corn reaches the wholesalers in Baubau City. The results of the analysis of marketing efficiency for this type obtained a value of 57%, and marketing efficiency for type II marketing channels was 57%. This efficiency value indicates that the corn marketing system in Sribatara Village is efficient.
Volatility analysis of chili price at Bengkulu Province using ARIMA approach
Authors: Wibowo H E , Novanda R R , Khaliqi M , Sinaga F H , Darmansyah D , Amiruddin A , Sari I R M
Published: September 2023

Chili is an inflation-forming commodity (volatile food). Prediction of chili price time series data using the ARIMA model approach has good performance for predicting chili prices in the future. The second highest average per capita consumption of chili for a month is Bengkulu Province, below West Sumatra Province. This shows that the level of consumption and demand for chili is relatively high in Bengkulu Province. High demand has an impact on the price volatility of chili. The volatility analysis illustrates the standard deviation or diversity of chili prices that fluctuate over a certain period. Based on the description above, it is necessary to conduct research on the analysis of chili price volatility in Bengkulu Province. This research uses data sourced from the National Strategic Food Price Information Center. chili price volatility analysis using the ARIMA model with the help of R studio software. ARIMA models are suitable for time series data. The stages in this study were stationarity test, building the ARIMA model, selecting the best model, evaluating the model, identifying the ARCH effect and building the ARCH GARCH model, and calculating the volatility value. If there is no ARCH effect, there is no need to create an ARCH GARCH Model. the output of this research was the form of an international conference. The results of the data forecast using the ARIMA model (1,1,2) show prices that are relatively stable but have an upward trend. This shows that the level of volatility can be controlled and this is reinforced by the results that the model has no ARCH effect. The absence of an ARCH effect means that the data is still considered to have relatively the same diversity of variance and is in line with a relatively small volatility.