bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine elicited broad immune responses and protection against Omicron subvariants infection
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Li , Kurtesi Alexandra , Budylowski Patrick , Potts Kyle G. , Menon Haritha , Tan Yilin , Samaan Philip , Liu Xinan , Wang Yisen , Hu Queenie , Samson Reuben , Qi Freda , Evseev Danyel , John Cini , Ellestad Kristofor K. , Fan Yue , Budiman Frans , Tohan Ellaine Riczly , Udayakumar Suji , Yang Jennifer , Marcusson Eric G. , Gingras Anne-Claude , Mahoney Douglas J. , Ostrowski Mario A. , Martin-Orozco Natalia
Published: January 2025

Continuously emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants pose a threat thwarting the effectiveness of approved COVID-19 vaccines. Especially, the protection breadth and degree of these vaccines against antigenically distant Omicron subvariants is unclear. Here, we report the immunogenicity and efficacy of a bivalent mRNA vaccine, PTX-COVID19-M1.2 (M1.2), which encodes native spike proteins from Wuhan-Hu-1 (D614G) and Omicron BA.2.12.1, in mouse and hamster models. Both primary series and booster vaccination using M1.2 elicited potent and broad nAbs against Wuhan-Hu-1 (D614G) and some Omicron subvariants. Strong spike-specific T cell responses against Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron subvariants, including JN.1, were also induced. Vaccination with M1.2 protected animals from Wuhan-Hu-1 and multiple Omicron subvariants challenges. Interestingly, protection against XBB.1.5 lung infection did not correlate with nAb levels. These results indicate that M1.2 generated a broadly protective immune response against antigenically distant Omicron subvariants, and spike-specific T cells probably contributed to the breadth of the protection.
Metabolic and transcriptional analysis of tuber expansion in Curcuma kwangsiensis
Authors: Zhou Yunyi , Yao Lixiang , Xie Yueying , Huang Baoyou , Li Ying , Huang Xueyan , Yu Liying , Pan Chunliu
Published: January 2025

The tubers of Curcuma kwangsiensis are regarded as an important medicinal material in China. In C. kwangsiensis cultivation, tuber expansion is key to yield and quality, but the regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to elucidate the mechanism underlying tuber expansion development. The results showed that auxin (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellin (GA3), ethylene (ETH), and brassinolide (BR) levels increased during tuber expansion development. Metabolomic analysis showed that 197 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) accumulated during tuber expansion development and these also play important roles in the accumulation of carbohydrates and secondary metabolites. 6962 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, MAPK signaling pathway as well as sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis. Comprehensive analysis revealed that DEGs and DAMs of plant hormone signal transduction, ABC transporters and biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and terpenoids are critical pathways in regulating tuber expansion. In addition, some transcription factors (ARF, C2H2, C3H, NAC, bHLH, GRAS and WRKY) as well as hub genes (HDS, HMGR, ARF7, PP2CA, PAL and CCOMT) are also involved in this process. This study lays a theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of tuber expansion in C. kwangsiensis.
Exploring the comorbidity mechanisms between atherosclerosis and hashimoto’s thyroiditis based on microarray and single-cell sequencing analysis
Authors: Ma Yirong , Wu Shuguang , Lai Junyu , Wan Qiang , Hu Jingxuan , Liu Yanhong , Zhou Ziyi , Wu Jianguang
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic vascular disease characterized by inflammation of the arterial wall and the formation of cholesterol plaques. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder marked by chronic inflammation and destruction of thyroid tissue. Although previous studies have identified common risk factors between AS and HT, the specific etiology and pathogenic mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear. We obtained relevant datasets for AS and HT from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). By employing the Limma package, we pinpointed common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and discerned co-expression modules linked to AS and HT via Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). We elucidated gene functions and regulatory networks across various biological scenarios through enrichment and pathway analysis using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Core genes were identified using Cytoscape software and further validated with external datasets. We also conducted immune infiltration analysis on these core genes utilizing the CIBERSORT method. Lastly, Single-cell analysis was instrumental in uncovering common diagnostic markers. Based on differential analysis and WGCNA, we identified 119 candidate genes within the cohorts for AS and HT. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses indicate that these genes are significantly involved in antigen processing and presentation, along with various immune-inflammatory pathways. Two pivotal genes, PTPRC and TYROBP, were identified using five algorithms from the cytoHubba plugin. Validation through external datasets confirmed their substantial diagnostic value for AS and HT. Moreover, the results of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated that these core genes are significantly enriched in various receptor interactions and signaling pathways. Immune infiltration analysis revealed a strong association of lymphocytes and macrophages with the pathogenesis of AS and HT. Single-cell analysis demonstrated predominant expression of the core genes in macrophages, monocytes, T cells and Common Myeloid Progenitor (CMP). This study proposes that an aberrant immune response might represent a shared pathogenic mechanism in AS and HT. The genes PTPRC and TYROBP are identified as critical potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these comorbid conditions. Furthermore, the core genes and their interactions with immune cells could serve as promising targets for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
High Ano1 expression as key driver of resistance to radiation and cisplatin in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Bourdier Solenne , Fisch Anne-Sophie , Alp Keziban Merve , Das Ridhima , Mertins Philipp , Tinhofer Ingeborg
Published: January 2025

Human papilloma virus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) frequently harbors 11q13 amplifications. Among the oncogenes at this locus, CCND1 and ANO1 are linked to poor prognosis; however, their individual roles in treatment resistance remain unclear. The impact of Cyclin D1 and Ano1 overexpression on survival was analyzed using the TCGA HNSCC dataset and a Charité cohort treated with cisplatin (CDDP)-based radiochemotherapy. High Ano1 expression was primarily associated with poor overall survival in both datasets. The effects of CCND1 and ANO1 knockdown (KD) on radio- and drug sensitivity, along with changes in global protein expression, cell viability, growth, and DNA repair, were studied in an 11q13-amplified HNSCC cell line model of primary cisplatin resistance. Unique pathway alterations– VEGF in CCND1 KD and the Rho GTPase cycle in ANO1 KD– were observed, along with shared changes like DNA damage and cell cycle dysregulation. Silencing CCND1 or ANO1 increased CDDP sensitivity, while only ANO1 silencing increased radiosensitivity. Copanlisib and afatinib were identified as promising candidates for combination therapy of 11q13-amplified HNSCC tumors. We demonstrated a predominant role for Ano1 in treatment resistance in Cyclin D1highAno1high HNSCC tumors and identified novel potential treatment combinations for this high-risk patient group.
Highly viable gastrointestinal Chlamydia trachomatis in women abstaining from receptive anal intercourse
Authors: Karlsson Philip A. , Wänn Mimmi , Wang Helen , Falk Lars , Herrmann Björn
Published: January 2025

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) may employ persistence to evade antimicrobial clearance, possibly residing in the gastrointestinal tract. This study assessed the reliability of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in CT detection, its functionality in viability assessment, and predictions on CT transmission dynamics by combining viability PCR (vPCR) and clinical data from 52 infected women. The ddPCR showed 94% positive and 100% negative agreement with Abbott Alinity STI-M for endocervical samples, and 92% positive and 87% negative agreement in rectal samples. Viability was higher in endocervical samples (89.1%) than in rectal samples (69.4%). Samples from participants not engaging in anal intercourse, and with non-concordant multi-locus sequence typing between rectum and endocervix, had on average the highest viability in rectum, indicating a persistent population residing in the gastrointestinal tract. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of ddPCR in detecting CT, especially in samples with high inhibition or low bacterial load, suggesting its superiority over quantitative real-time PCR. These findings support that rectal CT infection can occur independently of anal intercourse, possibly through vaginorectal contamination or oral routes. High rectal CT viability, independent of endocervical infection, indicates potential gastrointestinal establishment. Understanding CT dynamics in various infection sites can provide insights into the epidemiology and pathogenesis of CT.
Titin fragment is a sensitive biomarker in Duchenne muscular dystrophy model mice carrying full-length human dystrophin gene on human artificial chromosome
Authors: Hiramuki Yosuke , Hosokawa Miwa , Osawa Kayo , Shirakawa Taku , Watanabe Yasuhiro , Hanajima Ritsuko , Kugoh Hiroyuki , Awano Hiroyuki , Matsuo Masafumi , Kazuki Yasuhiro
Published: January 2025

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations of the dystrophin gene, which spans 2.4 Mb on the X chromosome. Creatine kinase (CK) activity in blood and titin fragment levels in urine have been identified as biomarkers in DMD to monitor disease progression and evaluate therapeutic intervention. However, the difference in the sensitivity of these biomarkers in DMD remains unclear. Previously, we generated transchromosomic mice carrying the full-length human dystrophin gene on a human artificial chromosome (DYS-HAC1) vector. The human dystrophin derived from DYS-HAC1 improved pathological phenotypes observed in DMD-null mice, which lack the entire 2.4 Mb of the dystrophin gene. In this study, we compared the values of plasma CK activity and urine/plasma titin fragment levels in wild-type (WT), DYS-HAC1, DMD-null, and DYS-HAC1; DMD-null mice. Plasma CK activity and urine/plasma titin fragment levels in DMD-null mice were significantly higher than those in WT mice. Although plasma CK activity showed no significant difference between WT and DYS-HAC1; DMD-null mice, urine/plasma titin fragment levels in DYS-HAC1; DMD-null mice were higher than those in WT mice. Human dystrophin in DYS-HAC1; DMD-null mice drastically improved muscular dystrophy phenotypes seen in DMD-null mice; however, the proportion of myofibers with central nuclei in DYS-HAC1; DMD-null mice had a tendency to be slightly higher than that in WT mice. These results suggest that urine/plasma titin fragment levels could be a more sensitive biomarker than plasma CK activity.
Comparative effective dose of ciprofol and propofol in suppressing cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation
Authors: Liao Min , Wu Xiao-Ru , Hu Jia-Ning , Lin Xing-Zhou , Zhao Tang‑yuan‑meng , Sun Hu
Published: January 2025

Ciprofol, a novel γ-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, outperforms propofol with minimal cardiovascular effects, higher potency, reduced injection pain, and a broader safety margin. Despite these advantages, ciprofol’s clinical research is still emerging. This study compares the median effective dose (ED50) and adverse reactions of ciprofol and propofol, in conjunction with sufentanil, for suppressing cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation. Fifty-three adult patients scheduled for tracheal intubation under general anesthesia were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either ciprofol (Group C) or propofol (Group P), according to a random number table. Tracheal intubation was performed using a standardized laryngoscope and endotracheal tube. The Dixon’s up-and-down method was employed to determine the ED50 and 95% effective dose (ED95) of ciprofol and propofol in inhibiting cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation. Based on the pilot study, the initial dose for ciprofol was set at 0.35 mg/kg (with a 0.01 mg/kg increment) and for propofol at 2.0 mg/kg (with a 0.1 mg/kg increment). Probit analysis was applied to derive dose-response curves, while adverse reactions were continuously monitored. A total of 54 participants were included, with 24 in group C (1 excluded) and 30 in group P. Probit analysis revealed that the ED50 of ciprofol for inhibiting cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation were 0.326 mg/kg (95% CI 0.304–0.337 mg/kg), and for propofol, 1.541 mg/kg (95% CI 1.481–1.599 mg/kg). The heart rate in group P was significantly higher than the group C at 1 minute (p = 0.026) and 3 minutes (p = 0.016) post-intubation. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) decreased significantly before and after intubation compared to baseline values in both groups (p< 0.05). Group C experienced significantly less injection pain (p = 0.001), although the incidence of other adverse effects was not statistically different between groups (p > 0.05).

Clinical Trial Registration: hppts://ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier: NCT06095570(18/10/2023).
Future large-scale atmospheric circulation changes and Greenland precipitation
Authors: Huai Baojuan , Ding Minghu , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Reijmer Carleen H. , Noël Brice , Sun Weijun , Wang Yetang
Published: January 2025

In this work, we examine connections between patterns of future Greenland precipitation and large-scale atmospheric circulation changes over the Northern Hemisphere. In the last three decades of the 21st century, CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensemble mean precipitation significantly decreases over the northern part of the North Atlantic Ocean with respect to 1951–1980. This drying signal extends from the ocean to the southeastern margin of Greenland. The 500 hPa geopotential height change shows a clear pattern including a widespread increase across the Arctic with a negative anomaly centered over Iceland and surrounding regions. To identify the mechanisms linking atmospheric circulation variability with Greenland precipitation, we perform a singular value decomposition (SVD) and center of action (COA) analysis. We find that a northeastward shift of the Icelandic Low (IL) under the SSP5‐8.5 warming scenario leads to the drying signal found in southeast Greenland. This implies that the IL location will have a strong influence on precipitation changes over southeast Greenland in the future, impacting projections of Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance.
From video to vital signs: a new method for contactless multichannel seismocardiography
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Muntasir , Kakavand Bahram , Van Wurm William , Holman William L. , Movahed Mohammad Reza , Taebi Amirtahà
Published: January 2025

Seismocardiography (SCG) is a technique that non-invasively measures the chest wall’s local vibrations caused by the heart’s mechanical activity. Traditionally, SCG signals have been recorded using accelerometers placed at a single location on the chest wall. This study presents an innovative, cost-effective SCG method that utilizes standard smartphone videos to capture data from multiple chest locations. The analysis of vibrations from multiple points can offer a more thorough understanding of the heart’s mechanical activity compared to signals obtained solely from a single chest location. Our approach employs computer vision and deep learning techniques to extract and improve the resolution of multichannel SCG maps obtained by video capture of chest movement. We attached a grid of patterned stickers to the chest surface and recorded videos of chest movements during different respiratory phases. Using a deep learning-based object detector and a template tracking method, we tracked the stickers across video frames and extracted the corresponding SCG signals from sticker displacements. We also developed a robust algorithm to estimate heart rate (HR) from these chest videos and identify the optimal chest location for HR estimation. The method was tested on 28 chest videos captured from 14 healthy participants. The results demonstrated that our method effectively extracted multichannel SCG maps and enhanced their resolution with a mean squared error of 0.1078 and 0.0418 for right-to-left and head-to-foot SCG signals, respectively. We observed intersubject chest vibration patterns corresponding to cardiac events including opening and closure of the heart valves. Moreover, our algorithm accurately estimated HR from 1968 SCG signals extracted from the videos compared to the gold-standard HR measured from each subject’s electrocardiogram (bias ± 1.96 SD = 0.04 ± 2.14 bpm; r = 0.99, p < 0.001). The findings from this study underscore the potential of our approach in developing a cardiac monitoring tool using a smartphone that would be widely accessible to the general public and might provide more timely detection of diseases.
Revealing the CO2 adsorption blocking mechanism in flexible low-silica small-pore zeolites via three-dimensional electron diffraction
Authors: Guo Jian , Nie Chenyang , Li Shitai , Yan Nana , Guo Peng , Liu Zhongmin
Published: January 2025

3D-ED reveals that small-pore Na-form flexible zeolites hinder CO2 diffusion with narrow 8-rings, while the K-form enhances adsorption through wider 8-rings.
Yb3+ dopant concentration dependence in Yb:CaGdAlO4 bulk crystals
Authors: Liu Xiaohu , Li Jianfu , Zhu Zhaojie , Tu Chaoyang , Lakshminarayana G. , Wang Yan
Published: January 2025

A series of high-quality CALGO single crystals with varying Yb3+ doping concentrations were grown and their spectroscopic properties were presented.
Mechanism investigation on the solid–solid phase transition of CL-20 induced by water vapor
Authors: Guo Ya , Cai Xuetong , Jiao Fangbao , Guo Zhicheng , Huang Qi , Zhang Qi
Published: January 2025

The solid–solid phase transition behavior and mechanism of ε-CL-20 to α-CL-20 induced by H2O have been elucidated experimentally and theoretically.
General data management workflow to process tabular data in automated and high-throughput heterogeneous catalysis research
Authors: Lam Erwin , Maury Tanguy , Preiss Sebastian , Hou Yuhui , Frey Hannes , Barillari Caterina , Laveille Paco
Published: January 2025

Standardized data management is enabled by a Python library to query, merge and process data files and combine them into a dataset with a focus on automated high-throughput heterogeneous catalysis R&D and accessing an electronic laboratory notebook.
AI agents in chemical research: GVIM – an intelligent research assistant system
Authors: Ma Kangyong
Published: January 2025

This work developed a multi-agent based chemical research assistance system that operates through collaboration between intelligent agents with different professional roles, offering new development approaches for chemical research.
Homochiral layered indium phosphonates: solvent modulation of morphology and chiral discrimination adsorption
Authors: Teng Qian , Bao Song-Song , Gao Ran , Zheng Li-Min
Published: January 2025

A solvothermal reaction of In(NO3)3 and R-, S-pempH2 in isopropanol/water solvent results in compounds R-, S-[In2(pempH)2(μ2-OH)2(H2O)2](NO3)2 with a spiral microflower structure, which show enantioselective adsorption behaviour.
Preliminary insight into the intracellular behaviour of rare earths and other technology-critical elements (TCEs) in northern pike liver: study of TCE-binding biomolecules via size-exclusion HPLC-ICP-MS
Authors: Dragun Zrinka , Kiralj Zoran , Fiket Željka , Ivanković Dušica
Published: January 2025

Due to their binding to possibly important high/medium-molecular mass intracellular proteins, technology-critical elements, actinides and other nonessential metals could pose a risk for aquatic organisms in highly contaminated aquatic environments.
A review on research progress of double perovskite oxides for oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts and supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Liangdong , Ding Jie , Zhu Xinhua
Published: January 2025

This work summarizes the research progress of double perovskite oxides toward oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts and supercapacitors, which covers their synthesis, electrochemical properties, structural characterization and applications.
Layered double hydroxide modified bismuth vanadate as an efficient photoanode for enhancing photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Billah Md. Masum , Kawamura Go
Published: January 2025

This review highlights the functions of layered double hydroxide-modified bismuth vanadate photoanodes in solar water splitting. Future outlook on the photoanode is also summarized.
Engineering Au single-atom sites embedded in TiO2 nanostructures for boosting photocatalytic methane oxidation
Authors: Hoai Ta Qui Thanh , Nhiem Ly Tan
Published: January 2025

Photocatalytic methane oxidation under mild conditions using single-atom catalysts remains an advanced technology.
Stabilizing the cathode–electrolyte interphase and enhancing Na+ kinetics by a boron-based anion receptor additive
Authors: Li Jie , Long Yufan , Li Lei , Pu Fan , Liao Wei , Yu Xiaowen , Liao Hongxin , Hu Xuebu
Published: January 2025

TTFEB promotes the dissociation of NaCIO4, facilitating the transfer and diffusion of Na+. TTFEB as an additive improves the stability of the electrode–electrolyte interface.
Photocatalyst-free formate-mediated C–O cleavage by the EDA complex and SCS strategy for the synthesis of diaryl 1,4-diketone in air
Authors: Zhao Molai , Liu Yutong , Chen Xueqin , Peng Min , Wang Yawen , Liu Xiangwei , Jiang Hezhong , Tan Rui , Li Jiahong
Published: January 2025

Under visible light, formates enable C–O cleavage via the EDA complex and SCS strategy, generating α-carbonyl alkyl radicals that react with olefins to form diaryl 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds. α-Formyloxy ketone is formed in situ from α-brominated acetophenone and formates.
Palladium-catalyzed allylic C–H alkylation of terminal olefins with 3-carboxamide oxindoles
Authors: Zhang Ning , Liang Guojuan , Zhang Dexin , Liu Gaochen , Liu Xing , Zhou Pengfei , Zhang Dong , Zhou Hui , Zhou Jing
Published: January 2025

A palladium-catalyzed allylic C–H alkylation of terminal olefins with 3-carboxamide oxindoles was developed to construct 3-carboxamide-3-allylation oxindoles in excellent yields.
DNA-compatible one-pot synthesis of multi-substituted dihydrofuran via pyridinium ylide-mediated cyclization
Authors: Fang Xianfu , Ning Xianguo , Li Yangfeng , Zhang Gong , Fan Xiaohong , Li Yizhou
Published: January 2025

A one-pot synthetic strategy to assemble multi-substituted 2,3-dihydrofuran scaffolds via pyridinium ylide-mediated cyclization for DNA-encoded library construction was reported, featuring mild reaction conditions and broad substrate scope.
Upcycling polyethersulfones to luminescent materials by aminolysis
Authors: Liotier Johan , Issoufou Alfari Leila , Mahler Benoit , Niehaus Thomas , Dujardin Christophe , Guelen Simon , Schanen Vincent , Dufaud Véronique , Raynaud Jean , Monteil Vincent
Published: January 2025

The upcycling of polyethersulfone (PES), a high-performance polymer based on aromatic aryl-ether backbone, can yield both the starting comonomer bisphenol S and valuable OLED derivatives, providing a complete atom valorization strategy for PES waste.
Construction of full-color room-temperature afterglow materials using dicyanomethylene-4H-pyrans based on an alkene conjugated bridge as the third component
Authors: Qian Jiayin , Dai Wenbo , Qiu Xiaoyu , Xia Shuai , Lei Yunxiang , Liu Miaochang , Guan Yan , Huang Xiaobo , Wu Huayue
Published: January 2025

Using dicyanomethylene-4H-pyran derivatives with an alkene bond bridge as the third component leads to full-color emissions of multi-component doped room-temperature afterglow materials.
Preparation of a CNF porous membrane and in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)
Authors: Fukui Yuuka , Baba Eriko , Fujimoto Keiji
Published: January 2025

We fabricated cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-based porous materials with an anisotropic cellular structure. They exhibited high specific surface area and water resistance, which allowed for loading of dyes and in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
Construction of a self-assembled duplexed aptasensor for the simultaneous detection of haemoglobin and glycated haemoglobin
Authors: Feng Xue-Qing , Su Yi-Ning , Li Qing , Jin Zhong-Gan , Wang Ming , Hu Xi-Le , Zou Lei , Ju Yi , He Xiao-Peng , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: January 2025

A duplexed aptasensor was developed for the simultaneous determination of haemoglobin and glycated haemoglobin in calibration samples.
Spatiotemporal pattern formation of membranes induced by surface molecular binding/unbinding
Authors: Noguchi Hiroshi
Published: January 2025

We studied spiral waves, homogenous cycling, biphasic domain locomotion, and time-irreversible domain fluctuations of membranes with three states using coarse-grained membrane simulations.
Materials with the barocaloric effect for solid-state refrigeration
Authors: Sun Ying , An Shihai , Gao Yihong , Yu Zibing , Yuan Xiuliang , Ma Zhijie , Shi Kewen , Hu Fengxia , Wang Cong
Published: January 2025

This review classifies barocaloric materials into four categories, analyzing their unique properties and discussing barocaloric mechanisms to explore low-pressure, large entropy change materials and provide new insights into material design.
Preparation of platinum nanocatalysts from mixed-valence precursors: investigation on the size effects of complete oxidation of propene
Authors: Liu Chaoli , Wu Peng , Dai Xin , Yang Weinan , Chang Shiying , Zhao Yunkun
Published: January 2025

Changes in Pt particle size result in varied surface valence states, altering the reaction pathways for C3H6 oxidation.
Tailoring intraband transition via composition in self-doped Ag2SxSey alloy nanocrystals
Authors: Choi Youngjo , Song Haemin , Song Gyu Ho , Kim Hee Kwon , Jung Yoon Seo , Kang Hyeong Seok , Kim Woong , Jeong Kwang Seob
Published: January 2025

This study demonstrates that intraband transitions in Ag2SxSey alloy colloidal quantum dots can be modulated by altering their composition. This capability expands material options, offering new prospects for infrared optoelectronic device design.
Retraction: Heteroatoms chemical tailoring of aluminum nitrite nanotubes as biosensors for 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (a biomarker for carcinoid tumors): insights from a computational study
Authors: Ubah Chioma B. , Akem Martilda U. , Benjamin Innocent , Edet Henry O. , Adeyinka Adedapo S. , Louis Hitler
Published: January 2025

Retraction of ‘Heteroatoms chemical tailoring of aluminum nitrite nanotubes as biosensors for 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (a biomarker for carcinoid tumors): insights from a computational study’ by Chioma B. Ubah et al., Mol. Syst. Des. Eng., 2024, 9, 832–846, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4ME00019F.
Correction: Nanocellulose/wood ash-reinforced starch–chitosan hydrogel composites for soil conditioning and their impact on pea plant growth
Authors: Iqbal Dure Najaf , Tariq Zaryab , Philips Boiz , Sadiqa Ayesha , Ahmad Muhammad , Al-Ahmary Khairia Mohammed , Ali Ijaz , Ahmed Mahmood
Published: January 2025

Correction for ‘Nanocellulose/wood ash-reinforced starch–chitosan hydrogel composites for soil conditioning and their impact on pea plant growth’ by Dure Najaf Iqbal et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 8652–8664, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA08725E.
Noncanonical RGS14 structural determinants control hormone-sensitive NPT2A-mediated phosphate transport
Authors: Sneddon W. Bruce , Ramineni Suneela , Van Doorn G. Emme , Hepler John R. , Friedman Peter A.
Published: January 2025

The sodium phosphate cotransporter-2A (NPT2A) mediates basal and parathyroid hormone (PTH)- and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23)-regulated phosphate transport in proximal tubule cells of the kidney. Both basal and hormone-sensitive transport require sodium hydrogen exchanger regulatory factor-1 (NHERF1), a scaffold protein with tandem PDZ domains, PDZ1 and PDZ2. NPT2A binds to PDZ1. RGS14 persistently represses hormone action by binding to PDZ2. The RGS14 canonical RGS domain, Ras/Rap-binding domains, and G protein regulatory motif cannot explain its regulatory effects on hormone-sensitive phosphate transport because these actions are mediated not only by the PTH receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), but also by the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is not governed by G protein activity. Here, we identify the structural elements of RGS14 that mutually control the action of PTH and FGF23. RGS14 truncation constructs lacking upstream sequence and the RGS domain were fully functional. Removing the linker sequence between the RGS and RBD1 domains abolished RGS14 action. Examination of the α-helical linker region suggested candidate serine residues that might facilitate regulatory activities. RGS14 Ser266 and Ser269 are phosphorylated in response to PTH and FGF23, and replacement of these residues by Ala eliminated the actions of RGS14 on hormone-sensitive phosphate transport. PTH and FGF23 stimulated the phosphorylation of a peptide construct harboring the sites of purported phosphorylation and full-length RGS14. Mutating Ser266Ala and Ser269Ala abolished phosphorylation. The results establish that RGS14 regulation of phosphate transport requires targeted phosphorylation within the linker and an intact PDZ ligand.
Innovative distribution network design using GAN‐based distributionally robust optimization for DG planning
Authors: Li Peijin , Shen Yichen , Shang Yitong , Alhazmi Mohannad
Published: January 2025

The integration of renewable energy sources and the increasing demand for reliable power have posed significant challenges in the design and operation of distribution networks under uncertain conditions. The inherent variability in renewable energy generation and fluctuating consumer load demand requires advanced strategies for Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) allocation and sizing to enhance grid resilience and operational efficiency. This article introduces an innovative framework for optimizing distribution network design under these uncertainties. The approach integrates deep learning‐assisted Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) with Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to dynamically model and manage the inherent variability in renewable sources and demand fluctuations. Employing a combination of nonlinear optimization techniques and advanced statistical methods, the framework robustly optimizes network configurations to minimize losses and improve voltage stability. The model's efficacy is rigorously tested on the IEEE 33‐bus system, achieving a 15% reduction in power distribution losses and a 20% improvement in voltage stability compared to traditional models. Utilizing open‐source computational tools, the method not only boosts operational reliability and efficiency but also adapts effectively to the increasing integration of volatile renewable energy sources. These results underscore the framework's potential as a scalable and robust solution for modern power network design challenges.
Seamless augmented reality integration in arthroscopy: a pipeline for articular reconstruction and guidance
Authors: Shu Hongchao , Liu Mingxu , Seenivasan Lalithkumar , Gu Suxi , Ku Ping‐Cheng , Knopf Jonathan , Taylor Russell , Unberath Mathias
Published: January 2025

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat joint problems. The clinical workflow of arthroscopy typically involves inserting an arthroscope into the joint through a small incision, during which surgeons navigate and operate largely by relying on their visual assessment through the arthroscope. However, the arthroscope's restricted field of view and lack of depth perception pose challenges in navigating complex articular structures and achieving surgical precision during procedures. Aiming at enhancing intraoperative awareness, a robust pipeline that incorporates simultaneous localization and mapping, depth estimation, and 3D Gaussian splatting (3D GS) is presented to realistically reconstruct intra‐articular structures solely based on monocular arthroscope video. Extending 3D reconstruction to augmented reality (AR) applications, the solution offers AR assistance for articular notch measurement and annotation anchoring in a human‐in‐the‐loop manner. Compared to traditional structure‐from‐motion and neural radiance field‐based methods, the pipeline achieves dense 3D reconstruction and competitive rendering fidelity with explicit 3D representation in 7 min on average. When evaluated on four phantom datasets, our method achieves root‐mean‐square‐error reconstruction error, peak signal‐to‐noise ratio and structure similarity index measure on average. Because the pipeline enables AR reconstruction and guidance directly from monocular arthroscopy without any additional data and/or hardware, the solution may hold the potential for enhancing intraoperative awareness and facilitating surgical precision in arthroscopy. The AR measurement tool achieves accuracy within and the AR annotation tool achieves a mIoU of 0.721.
Timing and spectral studies of the Be/X-ray binary EXO 2030+375 using Insight-HXMT observations
Authors: Du Yu-Jia , Ducci Lorenzo , Ji Long , Bu Qing-Cui , Kong Ling-Da , Wang Peng-Ju , Tuo Youli , Santangelo Andrea
Published: January 2025

We report the results of a X-ray spectral and timing analysis of the high mass X-ray binary EXO 2030+375 during the 2021 type-II outburst based on Insight-HXMT observations. We confirm that pulsations can be detected in the energy band of 1−150 keV. The pulse profile shows both energy and luminosity dependence and variability. We observed transitions in the pulse profile shape during the rising and the decaying phase of the outburst. The pulse fraction (PF) exhibits an anti-correlation with the luminosity and a non-monotonic energy dependence, with a possible dip near 30 keV during the outburst peak. The hardness-intensity diagrams (7−10 keV/4−7 keV) suggests transitions in state during the early and late phases of the outburst. These transitions are consistent with the luminosity at which the pulse profile shape changes occur, revealing the source reached a critical luminosity and transitioned between super-critical and sub-critical accretion regimes. We performed an average and phase-resolved spectral analysis, where the flux-resolved average spectra show a stable spectral evolution with luminosity. The phase-resolved spectral analysis reveals that the dependence of spectral parameters on the pulse phase varies with changing luminosities.
JWST photometry and astrometry of 47 Tucanæ
Authors: Scalco M. , Gerasimov R. , Bedin L. R. , Vesperini E. , Correnti M. , Nardiello D. , Burgasser A. , Richer H. , Caiazzo I. , Heyl J. , Libralato M. , Anderson J. , Griggio M.
Published: January 2025

Using JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) images of the globular cluster 47 Tucanæ (or NGC 104), taken at two epochs just 7 months apart, we derived proper-motion membership down to mF322W2 ∼ 27. We identified an intriguing feature at the very low-mass end of the main sequence, around ∼0.08 M⋅, at magnitudes mF322W2 ∼ 24 and mF150W2 ∼ 25. This feature, dubbed ‘kink’, is characterized by a prominent discontinuity in the slope of the main sequence. A similar discontinuity is seen in theoretical isochrones with oxygen-poor chemistries, related to the rapid onset of CH4 absorption. We therefore hypothesize that the cluster hosts disproportionately more oxygen-poor stars near the bottom of the main sequence compared to the upper main sequence and the red giant branch. Our results show no strong or conclusive evidence of a rise in the brown dwarf luminosity function at faint magnitudes, in contrast to previous findings likely affected by faint red background galaxies. In our analysis, we accounted for this contamination by using proper motion membership.
The elderly among the oldest: new evidence for extremely metal-poor RR Lyrae stars
Authors: D’Orazi V. , Braga V. , Bono G. , Fabrizio M. , Fiorentino G. , Storm N. , Pietrinferni A. , Sneden C. , Sánchez-Benavente M. , Monelli M. , Sestito F. , Jönsson H. , Buder S. , Bobrick A. , Iorio G. , Matsunaga N. , Marconi M. , Marengo M. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Mullen J. , Takayama M. , Testa V. , Cusano F. , Crestani J.
Published: January 2025

We performed a detailed spectroscopic analysis of three extremely metal-poor RR Lyrae stars, exploring uncharted territories at these low metallicities for this class of stars. Using high-resolution spectra acquired with HARPS-N at TNG, UVES at VLT, and PEPSI at LBT, and employing Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (NLTE) spectral synthesis calculations, we provide abundance measurements for Fe, Al, Mg, Ca, Ti, Mn, and Sr. Our findings indicate that the stars have metallicities of [Fe/H] = −3.40 ± 0.05, −3.28 ± 0.02, and −2.77 ± 0.05 for HD 331986, DO Hya, and BPS CS 30317-056, respectively. Additionally, we derived their kinematic and dynamical properties to gain insights into their origins. Interestingly, the kinematics of one star (HD 331986) is consistent with the Galactic disc, while the others exhibit Galactic halo kinematics, albeit with distinct chemical signatures. We compared the [Al/Fe] and [Mg/Mn] ratios of the current targets with recent literature estimates to determine whether these stars were either accreted or formed in situ, finding that the adopted chemical diagnostics are ineffective at low metallicities ([Fe/H] ≲ −1.5). Finally, the established horizontal branch evolutionary models, indicating that these stars arrive at hotter temperatures on the Zero-Age Horizontal Branch (ZAHB) and then transition into RR Lyrae stars as they evolve, fully support the existence of such low-metallicity RR Lyrae stars. As a consequence, we can anticipate detecting more of them when larger samples of spectra become available from upcoming extensive observational campaigns.
Comprehensive Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic System Defects and Inspection Techniques in Tropical Environments Using Thermal UAV: Study Case in Marang, Terengganu
Authors: Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza , Wan Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina , Abu Bakar Nurul Asyiqin , Chew Kelvin , Khairi Anuar Nazarul Ikram , Anuar Alif Izzuddin , Mat Som Ahmad Fikrie , Mohamad Zamri Sofiah , Hafiz Zainorzuli Muhammad Zahirul
Published: January 2025

Solar power plays a key role in sustainable energy development. However, tropical climates pose challenges such as high temperatures and humidity, requiring a deep understanding of PV system defects. This study uses unmanned aerial vehicle thermographic inspection techniques to assess defects in solar farms in Marang, Terengganu, aiming to improve solar energy reliability in tropical environments. Results show that Bypass Diode issues are the most common defect, making up 75.70% of occurrences, indicating a critical area for remediation. Clusters of Thermal Anomalies (CTA) defects follow at 13.20%, necessitating detailed examination of abnormal thermal patterns. Faulty Interconnections are less frequent at 1.90%, highlighting the need for proper electrical connections. Hot spots and Overheating Component defects account for 8.70% and 0.40% respectively, pointing to localized overheating and potential malfunctions. The study also examines the correlation between solar irradiance patterns and PV defects, with irradiance levels ranging from 700.6 W/m² to 1073.1 W/m², showing how sunlight intensity fluctuations impact PV system performance. This analysis helps prioritize resources and develop targeted maintenance strategies, enhancing the reliability and performance of solar energy systems in tropical climates. The findings offer practical insights for advancing renewable energy infrastructure in tropical regions, promoting the sustainable adoption of solar energy worldwide.
Angiotensin-converting gene and hypoxic exercise tolerance: a
randomized crossover trial
Authors: Muramoto Yuki , Momoi Mizuki , Nakashima Daisuke , Omae Kakeru , Sugai Kazuhisa , Daigo Kyohei , Iwasawa Yuji , Ichihara Genki , Okawara Hiroki , Sawada Tomonori , Kinoda Akira , Yamada Yuichi , Kimura Takeshi , Sato Kazuki , Katsumata Yoshinori
Published: January 2025

Hypoxic training enhances endurance sports tolerance. However, individual responses vary
due to physiological differences. This study investigated the relationship between
genetic factors and exercise tolerance in hypoxic conditions. This randomized crossover
study included 22 male university students (age 20.8±1.3 years, peak oxygen uptake
54.5±6.5 mL/min/kg). Incremental load tests were conducted to assess the symptomatic
limit on separate days under normoxic and hypoxic conditions (oxygen concentration
15.4±0.8%) using an ergometer. The initial test environment was randomized. The peak
oxygen uptake and blood lactate were monitored every minute, and Δ peak oxygen uptake
(peak oxygen uptake under hypoxia – peak oxygen uptake under normoxia) was calculated.
Sixteen genotypes linked to exercise tolerance (such as angiotensin-converting enzyme
[ACE]) were examined. Peak oxygen uptake significantly decreased under hypoxia
(p<0.01). Δ peak oxygen uptake varied among individuals (minimum: 0.7 and maximum:
− 18.9). Among analyzed genetic polymorphisms, ACE-II genotypes showed significantly
greater Δ peak oxygen uptake than ACE-ID/ACE-DD genotypes (p=0.02). ACE-II genotypes
exhibited lower blood lactate elevation at peak exercise in normoxic (p=0.01) and
hypoxic (p=0.03) conditions. Participants with the ACE-II genotype had lower lactate
concentrations and greater reductions in peak oxygen uptake under hypoxic conditions.
Optimizing hypoxic training requires individualized programs incorporating genetic
analysis.
Description of the Uncinate Process: A Computed Tomography Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: El-Anwar Mohammad Waheed , Alawady Mohamed Kamel , El-Hussiny Ashraf , Albasiouny Mohamed Talaat , Alloush Hany , Abdelhamid Hoda Ismail
Published: January 2025

Introduction The uncinate process (UP) is the most important and constant landmark in the ostiomeatal complex and the middle meatus.

Objective To identify the UP variations that have not been published before and establish a categorization using computed tomography (CT).

Methods The current study was carried out on 110 paranasal CT scans (220 sides). Axial images were acquired with multiplanar reformats to capture delicate details in other planes.

Results Out of 120 CT scans (220 sides), the UP was found to be of type 1 in 84.5%, type 2 in 12.3%, and type 3 in 3.2%, without significant diferences between genders, and it was found to be medialized in 81.9%, vertical in 16.3%, lateralized in 0.9%, and absent in 0.9%, without significant differences between genders. A total of 8.63% of the UPs were pneumatized.

Conclusion The present study improves surgeons' and radiologists' knowledge of the UP, while creating a standard classification and description to be used as a common language between otorhinolaryngologists and radiologists, which could also be used for training.
Moringa oleifera L. Nanosuspension Extract Administration Affects Heat Shock Protein-10 and -70 under Orthodontics Mechanical Force In Vivo
Authors: Triwardhani Ari , Alida Alida , Winoto Ervina Restiwulan , Pramusita Adya , Putranti Nurul Aisyah Rizki , Ariadi Kristian Satrio , Pribadi Okso Brillian , Anwar Amelia Aisyiah , Purnamasari Alqomariyah Eka , Mappananrang Rifqah Ananda , Situmorang Putri Cahaya , Riawan Wibi , Noor Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad , Nugraha Albertus Putera , Nugraha Alexander Patera
Published: January 2025

Objective The mechanical stimulation known as orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) causes biological reactions in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) needs pro-inflammatory cytokines to trigger bone resorption in OTM; nevertheless, heat shock protein-10 (HSP-10), a “Alarmin” cytokine, should control these pro-inflammatory cytokines to get the best alveolar bone remodeling (ABR). Moringa oleifera L. nanosuspension extract (MONE) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and ABR-stimulating properties. The aim of the study was to examine in vivo HSP-10 and HSP-70 expressions under OMF following MONE application in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Material and Methods A total of 36 Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) were split up into eight groups: one for treatment (OMF + MONE) and one for control (OMF + MONE administration for days 1, 7, 14, and 21). By employing nickel–titanium coil springs and using 10 g of light force per millimeter to implant the orthodontic device, the OMF was completed. According to the day of observation, all of the samples were sacrificed. To perform an immunohistochemistry investigation, the premaxilla of the sample was isolated. Tukey's Honest Significant Different (HSD) test (p < 0.05) was performed after an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) analysis of the data.

Results In both the OMF and MONE groups, HSP-70 peaked on day 14 and began to fall on day 21. HSP-10 peaked on day 21, but along with MONE, it also began to progressively decline on days 14 and 21, with significant differences (p < 0.05).

Conclusion According to immunohistochemistry evidence, postadministration of MONE markedly elevated HSP-10 but lowered HSP-70 expression in the alveolar bone of Wistar rats under OMF.
Cerebellar Mutism/Posterior Fossa Syndrome Following Resection of Posterior Fossa Tumor in Pediatric Patients: Assessing Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Neuroradiographic Features
Authors: Setia Vikrant , Zeya Monirah , Srivastava Arvind Kumar , Jagetia Anita
Published: January 2025

Background Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is a postoperative syndrome of decreased speech seen in children associated with neurobehavioral abnormalities, the incidence of which is up to 40%.

Objective To evaluate pediatric patients with posterior fossa tumors for incidence, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, risk factors, and neuroradiographic features of this syndrome.

Materials and Methods The study included 60 pediatric patients with a posterior fossa tumor who underwent surgery by a telovelar approach. Detailed pre- and postoperative clinical and radiological evaluations were done. Patients with CMS were analyzed and compared with those without mutism to find risk factors for CMS. The presentation and characteristics of cerebellar mutism were studied along with the following risk factors:

The preoperative, immediate postoperative, and 1-year postoperative imaging results were reviewed to assess the neuroradiographic features in the two groups.

Results The incidence of this syndrome was 20%. The mutism was accompanied by some neurobehavioral abnormalities (p-value = 0.05). The most significant finding was the presence of a period of cerebellar dysarthria after the resolution of the muteness (p-value < 0.001) in all cases. Brainstem and related structures' involvement was the most significant risk factor (p-value = 0.03). The presence of brainstem and peduncular edema in the immediate postoperative period (p-value = 0.04) and gross atrophy of posterior fossa structures at 1 year (p-value = 0.01) showed significance toward the development of CMS. There was delayed neurological recovery in patients with CMS with a poor Glasgow Outcome Score at 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusion The clinical presentation of this syndrome in context with neuroradiographic features suggests that it results from transient impairment of the afferent and/or efferent pathways of dentate nuclei that are involved in initiating complex volitional movements and are associated with brainstem involvement of tumor and poor functional outcome.