bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seleção de metodologia de mensuração de retrabalho através da utilização do método AHP
Authors: Mello Luiz Carlos Brasil de Brito , Bandeira Renata Albergaria de Mello , Brandalise Nilson
Published: September 2017

Resumo A construção civil apresenta altos índices de retrabalho, o que acarreta em custos adicionais e atrasos nos prazos dos projetos. Deste modo, diversos autores e entidades têm estudado o problema e buscado soluções para tentar quantificar e minimizar as consequências do retrabalho, tendo sido desenvolvidas diversas metodologias para mensuração de retrabalho: Reduction Rework Program do Construction Industry Institute; Best Productivity Practices Implementation Index do Construction Industry Institute; Metodologia do Construction Owners Association of Alberta; e Measuring and Classifying Construction Field Rework . Neste contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo propor um procedimento, com base no método de análise multicritério Analytic Hierarchy Process – AHP, para auxiliar no processo de seleção da metodologia de mensuração de retrabalho mais indicada a ser adotada em subsetores da indústria da construção civil. O procedimento proposto foi aplicado no segmento de montagem industrial, e a metodologia Rework Reduction Program apresentou os melhores resultados em relação à medição de retrabalho conforme cinco critérios selecionados para análise (abrangência, implantação, custos, entrada de dados e operação do sistema), sendo assim a mais indicada a ser adotada.
Formação de imagens na óptica geométrica por meio do método gráfico de Pierre Lucie
Authors: Barroso Fábio F. , Carvalho Silvânia A. , Huguenin José A. O. , Tort Alexandre C.
Published: September 2017

Neste trabalho resgatamos e modernizamos o método gráfico de Pierre Lucie (1917 – 1985) para o estudo de formação de imagens a partir de lentes delgadas, no contexto de óptica geométrica. Associamos a este método o uso de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) por meio do simulador PhET - Simulações Interativas, para visualização da formação de imagens e obtenção de pontos conjugados, bem como o uso do software GeoGebra para analisar os dados e chegar à equação de Gauss. Tendo por base a Teoria de Aprendizagem Significativa de Ausubel, uma sequência didática para ensino de formação de imagens por lentes delgadas foi elaborada e aplicada em turmas do ensino médio. Os resultados da aplicação são também apresentados neste trabalho e indicam que o uso de TIC associada ao método gráfico de Pierre Lucie pode ser potencialmente significativo.
Proposta experimental do estudo de colisões entre bolas de borracha e superfície plana
Authors: Arnold Francisco José , Godeny Alan Gabriel , Costa Murilo Matoso , Viana João Francisco , Ximenes Rodrigo Luiz
Published: September 2017

O estudo sobre a conservação do momento linear e as forças impulsivas nos cursos introdutórios de física tem abordagem baseada na colisão de objetos que se comportam como partículas. Neste trabalho busca-se por um aprofundamento no tema, introduzindo-se atividades experimentais direcionadas para laboratórios de ensino de física em que se considera a colisão entre uma bola de borracha e uma superfície rígida e plana. Estes experimentos permitem investigar características da colisão, tais como o tempo de impacto, a força impulsiva, a área de contato e o coeficiente de restituição. A modelagem, baseada na teoria de Hertz, inclui as propriedades elásticas da bola. Os resultados experimentais são comparados com valores teóricos provenientes do tratamento convencional (desconsiderando a deformação dos corpos) e da teoria de Hertz. Também são fornecidas indicações sobre a elaboração de experimentos visando aprimoramentos por parte de professores e alunos.
Estudo da relação entre o movimento circular uniforme e o movimento harmônico simples utilizando a videoanálise de uma roda de bicicleta
Authors: Silva E. S.
Published: September 2017

Neste artigo são discutidos os resultados de uma videoanálise que permite estudar a relação entre o movimento circular uniforme (MCU) e o movimento harmônico simples (MHS), a partir da filmagem do movimento circular de uma roda de bicicleta. Considerando um ponto P fixo na borda da roda, em movimento circular de raio R e coordenada angular φ, podemos obter suas componentes cartesianas x e y por meio da videoanálise, observando que elas oscilam ao longo do tempo. Assumindo o movimento de P como sendo um MCU, obtemos analiticamente as coordenadas x e y, comparando-as com as coordenadas obtidas pela videoanálise. O modelo permite estudar explicitamente a relação entre MCU e MHS, além de fornecer o raio da bicicleta com precisão de 1%.
Gastric cancer with lesion extending to spleen and perforation into free peritoneum
Authors: Gonçalves Roberto , Saad Jr Roberto , Malheiros Carlos Alberto , Kassab Paulo , Vieira Nathália Lins Pontes
Published: September 2017

Summary Perforated gastric carcinoma is a rare condition that is hard to diagnose preoperatively. It is associated with advanced cancer stages and has a high mortality, particularly in cases presenting preoperative shock. Few studies have investigated the presentation and adequate management of these carcinomas. In addition, there are no reports in the literature on perforations extending to the spleen, as described in this case, making the management of these lesions challenging. Our article reports a case of gastric tumor perforation extending to the spleen, which presented as a perforated acute abdomen. The patient was treated with total gastrectomy and D2 lymph node resection with splenectomy and progressed well with current survival of one year at disease stage IV.
Thrombosed aneurysm of saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Queiroz Rodolfo Mendes , Nastri Filho Rogério , Ferez Marcus Antônio , Costa Mauro José Brandão da , Laguna Claudio Benedini , Valentin Marcus Vinicius Nascimento
Published: September 2017

Summary We describe the case of a male patient, aged 76 years, referred for cardiac investigation due to retrosternal chest pain and dyspnea. He had a history of acute myocardial infarction and angioplasties in the last 30 years, including a saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafting (SVCABG). Echocardiogram showed hypoechoic oval formation near the right ventricle, suggesting a pericardial cyst. Computed angiotomography revealed a predominantly fusiform and thrombosed aneurysmal dilation of the SVCABG to the right coronary artery. SVCABG aneurysms are very rare and potentially fatal. They usually appear in the late postoperative period, and patients are often asymptomatic. On radiography, it is frequently presented as enlargement of the mediastinum, with echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging being very useful for diagnosis. Coronary angiography is the gold standard to detect these cases. Our report illustrates a rare situation arising late from a relatively common surgery. Due to its severity, proper recognition in the routine assessment of patients with a similar history is essential.
Concomitant testicular infection by Zika virus and Schistosoma mansoni in a Brazilian young boy
Authors: Alves Leonardo Souza , Estanislau Cesar , Barreto Lucio , Batista Francisco , Toppa Nivaldo
Published: September 2017

Sumary The identification of a escrotal mass without pain or report of trauma should be investigated to rule out scrotal cancer. We report the case of a young Brazilian boy who underwent orchiectomy after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and duplex scan (DS) indicating a high possibility of cancer. Blood exams ruled out the possibility of cancer. Testicular biopsy was not indicated. After surgery the diagnostic was extensive orchiepididymitis by Schistosoma. In endemic areas orchiepididymis by Schistosoma should be investigate to avoid unnecessary surgeries. This patient was also infected with Zika virus.
Factors associated with burnout syndrome in medical residents of a university hospital
Authors: Gouveia Pedro Alves da Cruz , Ribeiro Neta Maria Hosana Chaves , Aschoff Carlos Alberto de Moura , Gomes Doris Pires , Silva Nadine Anita Fonseca da , Cavalcanti Helton Alexsandro Firmino
Published: September 2017

Summary Objective: To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome among resident physicians of various specialties and to evaluate associated factors. Method: The Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used to evaluate factors associated with the syndrome. Burnout was defined as the association of high emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional achievement. Multivariate analysis was performed after adjustment of the Poisson model with the identification of risk factors and calculation of prevalence ratios (PR). Of the 250 resident physicians registered with Hospital das Clínicas of Pernambuco, 129 participated in the study. Results: In the three domains that characterize burnout syndrome, we found a low level of professional achievement in 94.6% of resident physicians interviewed, a high level of depersonalization in 31.8%, and 59.7% with a high level of emotional exhaustion. The prevalence of burnout was 27.9%. Having suffered a stressful event in the last six months (PR: 8.10; 95CI 1.2-57.2) and being a student of surgical specialty (PR: 1.99; 95CI 1.2-3.3) were independently associated with burnout. Conclusion: The prevalence of burnout found in resident physicians is in accordance with previous Brazilian studies. Residents of surgical specialties and those who suffered some stressful event were identified as susceptible in this study. The early identification of risk factors is fundamental for the implementation of preventive measures against burnout syndrome.
Thrombocytopenia as a marker of liver steatosis in a low-endemic area for schistosomiasis mansoni
Authors: Otoni Alba , Antunes Carlos Mauricio de Figueiredo , Tavares Fernanda Ferreira , Araújo Débora Heloísa Quadros , Pereira Thiago de Almeida , Queiroz Leonardo Campos de , Amâncio Frederico Figueiredo , Lambertucci José Roberto
Published: September 2017

Summary Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is commonly found in patients living in highly endemic areas for Schistosoma mansoni. Recently, different degrees of liver steatosis have also been associated with low platelet counts worldwide. We investigated the association of platelet counts with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and with liver steatosis in an area of low prevalence of schistosomiasis in Brazil. Method: Pains, a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, had a population of 8,307 inhabitants and a schistosomiasis prevalence of 8%. Four micro-areas comprising 1,045 inhabitants were selected for this study. Blood sample was collected and a complete blood count (CBC) was performed. Eighty-seven (87) patients had low platelet counts (group 1 - 8.3%) and 94 volunteers presenting normal CBC were randomized (group 2 - 8.9%). They underwent clinical and ultrasound examinations. Liver steatosis was determined as either present or absent using abdominal ultrasound. A spleen > 12 cm in length, measured by ultrasound (US), was considered to be increased. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS software version 19.0. Results: Twenty-two patients (22/25.3%) in group 1 had liver steatosis compared with 11 volunteers (11.7%) in group 2 (p=0.02). Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis was diagnosed in two patients (p>0.05). Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia was not a good marker of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni in a low prevalence area in Brazil. Liver steatosis was associated with thrombocytopenia in our study.
Hospitalization due to exacerbation of COPD: "Real-life" outcomes
Authors: Camargo Lilia Azzi Collet da Rocha , Castellano Maria Vera Oliveira , Ferreira Fábio Checchia , Faria Flávio Vieira de , Carvas Jr Nelson
Published: September 2017

Summary Introduction: Hospitalization due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation (eCOPD) may indicate worse prognosis. It is important to know the profile of hospitalized patients and their outcome of hospitalization to customize and optimize treatment. Method: Evaluation of patients hospitalized for eCOPD, with ≥ 10 pack/years and ≥ 1 previous spirometry with airway obstruction over the course of one year at the pulmonology service of a general hospital, applying: COPD assessment test (CAT); mMRc and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for dyspnea; hospitalized anxiety and depression questionnaire (HAD); Divo's comorbidities and Cote index; spirometry; and laboratory tests including number of eosinophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), brain natriuretic protein (BNP). Patient progression, number of days of hospitalization and hospitalization outcomes were observed. Results: There were 75 (12%) hospitalizations for eCOPD, with 27 readmissions, nine of which during a period ≤ 30 days after hospital discharge. The main outcomes were: number of days of hospitalization (17±16.5 [2-75]); hospital discharge (30 [62.5%] patients); discharge/rehospitalization (18 [37.5%] patients), eight of them more than once; death (7 [14.5%] patients), five during rehospitalization. We analyzed 48 patients in their first hospitalization. The sample comprised a heterogeneous group separated in three clusters according to age, FEV1, body mass index (BMI) and CAT. The clusters did not correlate with the main outcomes. Conclusion: Hospitalization for eCOPD is frequent. The number of readmissions was high and associated with death as an outcome. Patients hospitalized for eCOPD were a heterogeneous group separated in three clusters with different degrees of disease severity and no correlation with hospitalization outcomes.
Association between physical activity and vitamin D: A narrative literature review
Authors: Fernandes Marcos Rassi , Barreto Junior Waldivino dos Reis
Published: September 2017

Summary This narrative review of the medical literature assessed whether outdoor and indoor physical activity would increase the plasma levels of vitamin D. Synthesis of this liposoluble vitamin is mainly mediated by sunlight on the skin, where it is activated to perform its main action, which is to control the serum levels of calcium as soon as the element is absorbed in the intestines, assisting in the regulation of bone metabolism. Physical activity is any body movement that results in energy expenditure, while outdoor physical activity refers to physical activity carried out at public parks or other open spaces, as is the case of the popular practice of taking walks. Exercising outdoors would have both the benefits of physical activity and of sun exposure, namely the synthesis of vitamin D. However, according to the studies analyzed, increased plasma concentration of vitamin D occurs with physical activity both indoors and outdoors.
Comparação das propriedades anestésicas em duas técnicas anestésicas distintas para molares inferiores
Authors: MELO Rangel Cyrilo Lima de , OLIVEIRA Allan Carlos Araújo de , AMORIM Klinger de Souza , GROPPO Francisco Carlos , SOUZA Liane Maciel de Almeida
Published: September 2017

Resumo Introdução O medo de sentir dor é um dos principais motivos pelos quais muitos pacientes evitam submeter-se a tratamento dentário. Em vários procedimentos odontológicos, o uso de anestésicos locais se faz necessário. O aparelho Morpheus® propõe a introdução da agulha sem dor e anestesia satisfatória, com uso de menor volume de anestésico local. Quando há necessidade de intervenção em molares e pré-molares inferiores, é preconizado o uso deste aparelho para técnica intrasseptal CaZOE, substituindo o bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior tradicional (BNAI). Objetivo O presente trabalho de pesquisa configurou-se como um estudo randomizado, duplo cego e cruzado, cujo objetivo foi avaliar as propriedades anestésicas através da técnica intrasseptal CaZOE e da técnica convencional do bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (BNAI). Material e método Os procedimentos anestésicos foram realizados em duas sessões, por um único operador previamente treinado. Assim, foram avaliados parâmetros físicos, saturação periférica de O2, ansiedade, sensibilidade dolorosa, eficácia, tempo de latência e duração da anestesia em cada uma das técnicas, sendo então os respectivos dados comparados. Resultado Não houve diferenças significativas quanto aos parâmetros físicos e à saturação periférica de O2. A técnica intrasseptal CaZOE apresentou maior taxa de sucesso anestésico, menor tempo de latência, menor tempo de duração e menor desconforto na execução, quando comparada ao BNAI. Conclusão Inserir a injeção eletrônica na rotina da clínica odontológica pode proporcionar maior conforto aos pacientes submetidos à anestesia local e diminuir o abandono dos tratamentos odontológicos por medo e ansiedade associados à anestesia local.
Análise de dois métodos de desinfecção de condutos radiculares após preparo para pinos: proposta de protocolo protético: estudo in vitro
Authors: ROCHA Isaac José Peixoto Batinga , SILVA Letícia Del Rio , SANTA MARIA Sybelle Lopes de , OLIVEIRA Daniel Pinto de , PORFÍRIO Zenaldo
Published: September 2017

Resumo Introdução Quando existe perda de suporte coronário e ainda desgaste adicional devido a tratamento endodôntico, muitas vezes, é necessária a utilização de um retentor intrarradicular que devolva a retenção para a restauração, reestabelecendo estética e função às estruturas dentárias perdidas. A cadeia asséptica mantida durante a endodontia pode ser quebrada com alguns procedimentos clínicos. Objetivo Testar um protocolo de desinfecção por E. faecalis dos condutos radiculares, nas etapas de confecção de um retentor intrarradicular, desmistificando que a quebra da cadeia asséptica e o surgimento de infecções radiculares sejam provenientes da reabilitação protética. Material e método 50 dentes unirradiculares com endodontia concluída foram desobturados, tiveram seus condutos preparados para retentor intrarradicular e foram contaminados por Enterococcus faecalis. Os dentes foram separados em três grupos de acordo com a substância desinfectante: G1-solução fisiológica (n=10), G2- hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% (n=20), G3- clorexidina 2% (n=20). Em seguida, foi feita a desinfecção do conduto, secagem e análise da eficácia da solução. A avaliação da presença da bactéria foi feita através do cultivo em caldo Brain Heart Infusion, pelo método da turvação, e posterior identificação pelo meio Ágar Bílis-Esculina. A análise estatística foi feita pelo método do quiquadrado em tabulação cruzada, onde p<0,0001. Resultado Observou-se a inibição bacteriana de 100% em G2 e G3 e crescimento bacteriano de 100% em G1. Conclusão O emprego das substâncias avaliadas nas etapas protéticas de finalização de um retentor intrarradicular, como protocolado por esta pesquisa, é capaz de manter a cadeia asséptica sem interferir no sucesso da reabilitação protética.
Variables associated with the life satisfaction of elderly caregivers of chronically ill and dependent elderly relatives
Authors: Caldeira Rebeca de Barros , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Batistoni Samila Sathler Tavares , Cachioni Meire
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: to compare the life satisfaction of family caregivers, taking into account their gender, age, time since starting care, health, religion, perceived burden and quality of life, and the level of physical and cognitive dependence of the elderly person receiving care, and to investigate the associations between these variables and low life satisfaction. Methods: a total of 148 caregivers in Indaiatuba and Campinas, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, selected using the convenience method, were interviewed at home, in private medical clinics and outpatient units, using questionnaires about the sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, time since starting care, scales of life satisfaction, religiosity, perceived burden and quality of life of the caregiver, and the physical and mental health of the elderly person receiving care. Descriptive, Multivariate and Univariate Logistic Regression analysis were used. Results: caregivers who exhibited low life satisfaction included more frail individuals, with three or more chronic diseases and depression, greater perceived burden and lower self-fulfillment and pleasure, and control and autonomy, scores, which are factors of the Perceived Quality of Life Scale. Elderly caregivers who scored low in self-fulfillment factor and pleasure (OR=101.29; CI=28.68 - 357.73) and who scored high in perceived burden (OR=5.89, CI=2.13 to 16.24) had a greater chance of having low life satisfaction scores. Conclusions: The assessment of caregivers of their satisfaction with life is more influenced by subjective than objective variables, and low satisfaction seems to be strongly associated with poor quality of life, high burden, and caregiver frailty.
Effect of traditional resistance training on blood pressure in normotensive elderly persons: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses
Authors: Schiavoni Durcelina , Pereira Ligia Maxwell , Pereira Hugo Maxwell , Cyrino Edilson Serpeloni , Cardoso Jefferson Rosa
Published: September 2017

Abstract The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the regular practice of traditional resistance training (RT) on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in normotensive elderly persons. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses was performed. Searches were performed without language restrictions in different databases. Randomized clinical trials published from 1966 to 2010 that assessed the effects of traditional RT on resting blood pressure (BP) and/or for the treatment of high BP were included. Only studies that assessed the effects of traditional RT on elderly adults, regardless of the number of exercises, with the presence of a control group and comparisons between groups, were included. Twenty-nine studies were found, but only six met the inclusion criteria. The mean difference was used for meta-analysis, using a 95% confidence interval and a random effect model. Traditional RT induced a significant decrease in SBP (-6.63 mmHg; p=0.02) but not in DBP (-3.34 mmHg; p=0.11). These results suggest that traditional RT may be a non-pharmacological strategy for the control of BP in the elderly.
University of the Third Age: the impact of continuing education on the quality of life of the elderly
Authors: Adamo Chadi Emil , Esper Marina Tomaz , Bastos Gabriela Cunha Fialho Cantarelli , Sousa Ivone Félix de , Almeida Rogério José de
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: To verify, among elderly participants of the University of the Third Age (UnATI) of PUC Goiás, Goiania, Brazil, whether quality of life was higher or lower among veteran or first-year participants of the UnATI, and to evaluate if there was a statistically significant difference between the quality of life of men and women or first-years and veterans. Method: An observational case-control study with a quantitative approach was performed with 100 elderly individuals from the UnATI. Fifty first-years and fifty veterans were involved. Two questionnaires were applied, one with sociodemographic data and the other using the World Health Organization Quality of Life - Old (WHOQOL-OLD) scale, which evaluates the quality of life of the elderly. Variance analysis (ANOVA) and multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) were performed, with p≤0.05 applied to the relevant statistics. Result: The vast majority of the sample were women (90%), aged between 60 and 86 years old (average of 68.37±5.28 years old). The overall quality of life score was 3.68±0.50 (first-years) and 3.87±0.55 (veterans). There was a statistically significant difference in the areas: sensory functioning (veterans =4.28±0.65 and first-years =3.95±0.80) (p=0.025) and past, present and future activity (veterans =4.0±0.72 and first-years =3.59±0.79) (p=0.008). Multivariate variance analysis identified that the overall quality of life scores of both men (veterans =3.15 and first-years =4.21) and women (veterans =3.78 and first-years =3.86), were highest after they became veteran students (p=0.007). Conclusion: Veterans had a higher quality of life than first-years. The continuing education provided by UnATI has a positive impact on the quality of life of the elderly.
Nutritional therapy in the treatment of pressure injuries: a systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Karina Díaz Leyva de , Haack Adriana , Fortes Renata Costa
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: to review literature on the use of nutritional therapy in the treatment of pressure injuries. Methods: a systematic review of the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases was performed, with studies in the English and Portuguese languages published in the last five years selected. Result: three articles that investigated the use of different doses of arginine, a mixture of amino acids and nutritional supplements enriched with arginine, zinc and antioxidants were analyzed. The studies found that there was a reduction in the area of wounds in the intervention groups, although the difference in size was not significant in all the articles. Conclusion: nutritional intervention should be considered an integral part of the treatment of pressure injuries. The use of certain nutrients may positively affect the healing process of such injuries. Due to the heterogeneity of the methodologies used, the small sample size and the range of intervention times and nutrients used, more scientifically rigorous studies are recommended to create an evidence based nutritional intervention model for the treatment of pressure injuries.
Factors associated with overactive bladder syndrome in the elderly community: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bontempo Albênica Paulino dos Santos , Alves Aline Teixeira , Martins Gabriela de Sousa , Jácomo Raquel Henriques , Malschik Danieli Coeli , Menezes Ruth Losada de
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: to identify risk factors related to overactive bladder syndrome. Method: a cross-sectional study was performed with elderly women (>60 years) from the community of Ceilândia, in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, with or without symptoms of OBS, who were evaluated through interviews and questionnaires. The clinical and sociodemographic variables analyzed were: age; body mass index (BMI); parity, schooling, previous abdominal and urogynecologic surgeries, physical activity, smoking, constipation, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus; depression and anxiety. The questionnaires applied were the Overactive Bladder Awareness Tool (OAB-V8), the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Beck Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed descriptively. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the significant associations between the independent variables and the outcome of interest. Risk ratios were calculated for each independent variable with 95% confidence intervals. Result: A total of 372 volunteers were recruited, 292 of whom were eligible. Of these, 172 were allocated to the case group (58.9%) and 120 (41.1%) were control subjects. The two groups were homogeneous between one another. There was a high prevalence of OBS in the study population and significant differences for the variables presence of SAH, abdominal surgery and pelvic surgery, with the case group presenting a higher frequency of these events. In multivariate analysis, it was observed that an active sexual life reduces the chance of having OBS by 70.8%, while urogynecologic surgeries increase this risk 3.098 times. Conclusion: In univariate logistic regression analysis, BMI, SAH, a previous history of abdominal and urogynecologic surgery, number of abortions and the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety, were found to be factors associated with OBS.
How to avoid bias in systematic reviews of observational studies
Authors: Almeida Carlos Podalirio Borges de , Goulart Bárbara Niegia Garcia de
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Although systematic reviews have numerous advantages, they are vulnerable to biases that can mask the true results of the study and therefore should be interpreted with caution. This article aims at critically reviewing the literature about systematic reviews of observational studies, emphasizing the errors that can affect this type of study design and possible strategies to overcome these errors. This is an integrative literature review whose search was conducted in the databases States National Library of Medicine, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Google Scholar. The following descriptors were used: review, bias (epidemiology) and observational studies as the subject, including relevant books and documents which were consulted. Data collection was conducted between June and July 2016. The most known errors present in the design of systematic reviews were those related to the selection and publication. Although this type of study is subject to possible errors, preventive measures used during the planning of systematic reviews and even during and after their implementation can help ensure scientific rigor. This literature can serve as an important tool for the development and interpretation of systematic reviews of observational studies.
Oral communication and auditory skills of hearing impaired children and adolescents and the speech therapy rehabilitation process
Authors: Bicas Rafaela da Silva , Guijo Laura Mochiatti , Delgado-Pinheiro Eliane Maria Carrit
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze auditory and oral communication behaviors in a group of children and adolescents, users of cochlear implants and to establish a relationship with factors that interfere with aural rehabilitation. Methods: participants were 13 children or adolescents with profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Standardized procedures were applied to check: the auditory and oral communication behaviors of participants and their relationships with the child's age at diagnosis period; the interval between diagnosis and intervention, adaptation onset of the cochlear implant; the hearing age and aural rehabilitation period. Results: statistically significant data were found to correlate the interval between diagnosis and intervention with the scores in the evaluation procedures of oral communication. Conclusion: there was a significant impact on the development of oral communication when the period elapsed between the diagnosis and intervention was analyzed, in such way that the faster the intervention time, the better the results. It was also evident that the earlier the beginning of the use of cochlear implants, the greater the hearing age, and the longer the rehabilitation period, the better the scores in the procedures that evaluated auditory and verbal development.
Contributions of neuroimaging in singing voice studies: a systematic review
Authors: Amorim Geová Oliveira de , Albuquerque Lucas Carvalho Aragão , Pernambuco Leandro de Araujo , Balata Patricia Maria Mendes , Luckwü-Lucena Brunna Thaís , Silva Hilton Justino da
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT It is assumed that singing is a highly complex activity, which requires the activation and interconnection of sensorimotor areas. The aim of the current research was to present the evidence from neuroimaging studies in the performance of the motor and sensory system in the process of singing. Research articles on the characteristics of human singing analyzed by neuroimaging, which were published between 1990 and 2016, and indexed and listed in databases such as PubMed, BIREME, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO were chosen for this systematic review. A total of 9 articles, employing magnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and electrocorticography were chosen. These neuroimaging approaches enabled the identification of a neural network interconnecting the spoken and singing voice, to identify, modulate, and correct pitch. This network changed with the singer's training, variations in melodic structure and harmonized singing, amusia, and the relationship among the brain areas that are responsible for speech, singing, and the persistence of musicality. Since knowledge of the neural networks that control singing is still scarce, the use of neuroimaging methods to elucidate these pathways should be a focus of future research.
Content evidence of a spectrographic analysis protocol
Authors: Lopes Leonardo Wanderley , Alves Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos , Melo Matheus Leão de
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the content evidence of a spectrographic analysis protocol. Methods: a methodological study in which five speech therapists who assessed the clarity and the relevance of the protocol were selected. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to investigate the level of agreement among judges regarding overall aspects, items and domains of the protocol. Results: most judges considered the overall aspects of the protocol as comprehensive. As for clarity, 17 items showed an excellent content validity (CVI ≥ 0.78), three showed a good content validity (0.60 ≤ CVI ≤ 0.77) and two items were judged as poor (CVI ≤ 0.59). As for relevance, 19 items obtained an excellent content validity (CVI ≥ 0.78) and three had a good content validity (0.60 ≤ CVI ≤ 0.77). The judges suggested adding items related to vocal signal normality in all domains. After the analysis, 18 items required no reformulation, five items were added, three were reformulated and one was excluded. Conclusion: the proposed protocol was regarded as a comprehensive one. The items presented a good to excellent content validity as for clarity and relevance. After this validation step, the protocol ended up presenting 25 items distributed into five domains.
Augmentative and alternative communication: from qualification to speech, language and hearing science clinical practice
Authors: Cesa Carla Ciceri , Mota Helena Bolli
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the qualification of the speech language and hearing therapists and their clinical performance with Augmentative and Alternative Communication. Methods: a descriptive, transversal, individual and contemporary study. Data were collected through a questionnaire, filled by twenty-four speech therapists, selected by a convenience sample. Content analysis was chosen for data study. Results: regarding access to the information media, all speech therapists in the sample presented the initiative to supply the absence of language training with Augmentative and Alternative Communication by different means. Regarding the dual focus on intervention, all speech therapists were favorable to this practice. However, according to experience, they reported resistance from the family, school and other therapists. The results showed two different types of introduction implementation and use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication, predominantly formed by strategies contemplating the pragmatic use of language through the contextualization of significant activities for the user. The other way used the Picture Exchange Communication System. Conclusion: the speech-language and hearing therapists in the present study inserted different interlocutors in the intervention, guided by implicit or explicit linguistic principles, by theoretical frameworks specific to the area of Augmentative and Alternative Communication knowledge, by global neuromotor elements and, finally, by principles of functionality and general wellness.
Associativism and quality of life among undergraduate students in dentistry
Authors: Kovaleski Douglas Francisco , Grimm Neto Onésio , Spieger Vinícius , Massignam Fernando Mendes
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between student participation in associations and the way they perceive their quality of life. Methods: a study of one hundred and sixty students of Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Dentistry course belonging to the first, fifth, eighth and tenth semesters in Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. The theoretical basis is the Public Health approach, that, under the wider concept of health, considers associations as health promoters. A sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on associativism and the WHOQOL-Bref were used for data collection. Results: the results indicate that the participation of Dentistry students in associations improves self-evaluation of quality of life, satisfaction in personal relationships and reduces the frequency of negative feelings. Conclusion: students who participate in voluntary associations are associated with a better quality of life, promoting a more adequate professional formation. In this way, the participation of students in associations should be stimulated by the University. This perspective of analysis values social aspects in the perspective of health and can be a pioneering study in a field where there is still much to be studied, and can bring substantial contributions to the field of collective health and health as a whole.
Health care networks: the role of the family health team in child hearing loss
Authors: Silva Jullyane Florencio Pachêco da , Teixeira Cleide Fernandes , Lima Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de , Nascimento Cynthia Maria Barboza do , Sousa Fabiana de Oliveira Silva , Griz Silvana Maria Sobral
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to understand the network performance of family health staff on child hearing loss. Methods: a qualitative case-study research. Data collection consisted in three focus groups of family health staff from district IV in the city of Recife. Data were analyzed by meaning condensation. Results: most professionals perform their functions individually, which might weaken the comprehensive health care. Additionally, the lack of interaction with other complexity levels to meet the various actions and the absence of counter-reference required by the staff prevents the child's ongoing care. Conclusion: the teams’ organization and their relationships with other health care services are surrounded by weaknesses that make assistance ineffective regarding hearing health.
Insalubrity in speech therapy and audiology: a brief review
Authors: Ribeiro Gabriella de Oliveira , Villalobos Maria Isabel de Oliveira e Britto , Tomáz Francisnele Maria de Aquino Fraporti , Taitson Paulo Franco , Britto Ana Teresa Brandão de Oliveira e
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to expose in a brief discussion the questions about the insalubrity pertinent to speech therapists and audiologists’ performance. Methods: a review of the Portal of Legislation of the Brazilian Federal Government about labor laws, health and health professionals was carried out. Results: according to NR-15, activities that are above the level of tolerance foreseen in the regulations are considered unhealthy activities, in which the performance of speech-language therapists and audiologists is directly related to the tolerance limits for biological agents. Conclusion: speech therapists and audiologists as well as several other health professionals present occupational risks in their work. The Brazilian legislation is broad, however, it is necessary to analyze these professionals more deeply with regard to their health.
Interface between psychoanalysis and speech language and hearing sciences: a literature review
Authors: Nascimento Edinalva Neves , Ferreira Dayse Mayara Oliveira , Santos Flávia Rodrigues dos , Silva Nayra Neri da , Oliveira Sabrina Alves de , Carrer Joyra da Silva , Riato Letícia Alvieri , Gozzer Marina Mendes
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to verify the Brazilian and international scientific productions by correlating Speech Language and Hearing Sciences and Psychoanalysis. A literature review was performed using the databases BVS, Scielo, Scopus and PubMed. The used descriptors were “Fonoaudiologia”, “Psicanálise”, “Comunicação”, “Speech Therapy”, “Psychoanalysis” and “Communication”, identifying 65 full articles between the years 1980 and 2015. The analysis was performed using a “Protocol for article classification”. It was verified that Original Articles are the most published type, SCOPUS and BVS being the most common databases. There is a predominance of articles in the Portuguese language, followed by English, French and German. Several specialties of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences presented interface with Psychoanalysis, especially Language and Neuropsychology. The studies were published mainly in Psychology journals, also found in the area of audiology and interdisciplinary area. This review showed the psychoanalytic interference in speech language and hearing clinic, highlighting the need for further studies correlating both areas that may contribute to the work of these professionals and, consequently, enable an improvement in the quality of life of psychic subjects.
Development of feeding skills in preterm infants: a critical literature review
Authors: Fernández Gallardo María Angélica , Rojas Contreras Daniela Paz , Vargas Keith Javiera Francisca
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Infants born prematurely have problems in developing feeding skills due to their immaturity. To describe this, a critical review of national and international literature was carried out from May to September 2016. The information was reviewed from Scielo, Pubmed and Cochrane, and also specialized journals using the following key words: “Feeding development preterm”, “feeding skills preterm infants”, “feeding transition preterm”, “lumpy food babies”, “solid food preterm”, “transition solid food infant”, “preterm children weaning food”, “solids in preterm infants”, also searched in Spanish and Portuguese. Publications were included if they shared similar purpose as the present revision, and published in the last 5 years, encompassing articles of systematic literature review or researches which studied preterm children aged between 0 and 10. Studies showed that transition food started earlier in preterm infants, who also showed more feeding problems. It is necessary to have common criteria in terms of assessment methodologies in order to be able to characterize this group in a better way. Parents of preterm infants would benefit from advise and information about developing eating skills, resulting in earlier intervention and management of feeding and eating problems.
Proposal for an augmentative and alternative communication conversational analysis protocol
Authors: Cesa Carla Ciceri , Mota Helena Bolli , Brandão Lenisa
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to propose an assessment of communication that includes the conversational analysis of children who have cerebral palsy, with complex communication needs and their interlocutors. Methods: a propositional study type of a speech language and hearing science assessment tool whose methodological flowchart was divided into five phases. Results: the final version of the protocol consisted of fifty-four items divided into three parts: (a) communicative means, acts of speech, topic maintenance and dialogue turn-taking, common to the dyads; (b) acts of child speech, use of resource, thematic maintenance and dialogue turn-taking and (c) speaker speech acts, encouragement of the use of the communication resource, theme maintenance and dialogue turn-taking. All assessment items receive a score by the assessment record according to presented linguistic behavior. Conclusion: this study showed the development and creation of a conversation evaluation protocol for children with cerebral palsy and their interlocutors. It can be used to evaluate the means, the communicative acts and adjacent-pairs observed in conversational contexts, leading the initial clinical speech language and hearing assessment process to the introduction, maintenance and general use of the Augmentative and Alternative Communication with different interlocutors and environments.
Uso Pessoal das Tecnologias no Trabalho: Motivadores e Efeitos à Distração Profissional
Authors: Cappellozza Alexandre , Moraes Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de , Muniz Leonardo Mairene
Published: September 2017

Resumo Apesar dos inúmeros benefícios que as Tecnologias de Informação (TI) - proporcionam a seus usuários, os efeitos adversos da utilização indiscriminada dos dispositivos tecnológicos pessoais no ambiente de trabalho é um tema pouco explorado. Este estudo analisa os aspectos individuais motivadores do uso particular de Tecnologias de Informação no trabalho e a relação da Distração Digital como um componente significativo sobre a perda de atenção dos profissionais durante a execução de suas atividades. A pesquisa evidencia que os aspectos ligados à dependência tecnológica são as principais causas do Uso Pessoal das Tecnologias no ambiente de trabalho. Entre esses motivadores, a perda do Controle do Impulso de uso da TI é o fator mais significativo ao Uso Pessoal das Tecnologias em ambientes profissionais, comparada a outros fatores analisados. A pesquisa também revela que a Distração Digital provoca significativa perda de concentração dos profissionais e que a Utilização Pessoal da TI no ambiente de trabalho é reflexo direto da redução do Engajamento do profissional no seu trabalho. Além disso, o estudo revela que o uso particular das aplicações que promovem interação social não é subterfúgio dos profissionais que manifestaram fraco Suporte Social dos seus pares no local de atuação profissional.
Disputas Discursivas sobre Corrupção no Brasil: Uma Análise Discursivo-Crítica no Twitter
Authors: Paiva André Luiz de , Garcia André Spuri , Alcântara Valderí de Castro
Published: September 2017

Resumo Objetivamos analisar quais e como as representações dos discursos sobre corrupção no Brasil, publicizados no Twitter, são mobilizadas em disputas discursivas. Para tanto, utilizamos a análise crítica do discurso, com destaque para o significado representacional deste, e o conceito de disputas discursivas operacionalizadas em três instâncias. Metodologicamente, delimitamos dois escândalos de corrupção de grande repercussão nacional e buscamos enunciados publicados no Twitter, durante os meses de agosto de 2014 e fevereiro de 2016. Assim, coletamos tweets das revistas Veja e CartaCapital, e de usuários/leitores que responderam a estes enunciados. Percebemos que o Twitter configura-se atualmente, no Brasil, como um espaço de disputas sobre os significados da corrupção marcados por dinâmicas de naturalizações, seletividade dos media, expurgo do outro, inclusão/exclusão, nomeação e estratégias de racionalização e avaliação moral. Observamos, também, que os discursos sobre a corrupção se intensificaram recentemente, sobretudo devido ao clima político-partidário nacional. Finalmente, os resultados apontam que a construção da corrupção é o resultado de processos de produção de sentidos inseridos em um contexto de campos sociais e políticos, com o papel marcante da mídia na construção de escândalos.
Socializar para Adequar-se: Como Redes Sociais Intraorganizacionais Podem Influenciar a Adequação Indivíduo-Organização
Authors: Miranda Maria Gabriela de Cássia , Liboreiro Karla Rocha , Borges Renata
Published: September 2017

Resumo A adequação indivíduo-organização refere-se à congruência dos valores individuais do funcionário aos valores organizacionais. Essa adequação é explorada em diversos resultados individuais e organizacionais, tais como: desempenho, comprometimento, motivação, etc. Embora vários fatores tenham sido identificados como responsáveis por essa adequação, poucos estudos brasileiros exploraram quantitativamente o papel das redes sociais dentro das empresas. Esses relacionamentos construídos e mantidos dentro da organização são identificados pelos padrões de comunicação e interação entre os indivíduos, e podem interferir no nível de adequação indivíduo-organização. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender como as características das redes sociais, tais como grau de relacionamento, proximidade entre os atores e nível de intermediação, podem influenciar o nível de adequação indivíduo-organização. Realizou-se um survey com 116 funcionários de micro e pequenas empresas do setor de serviços. Os resultados da análise Partial Least Squares (PLS) indicam que o grau de relacionamento entre os funcionários influencia o nível de adequação indivíduo-organização. Ou seja, quanto mais o funcionário interage com seus colegas de trabalho, maior a probabilidade de adequação dos valores do indivíduo com os da organização.