bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND STRUCTURE ON THE FORMABILITY OF STEELS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SEAMLESS TUBES
Authors: RUSZ Stanislav , SCHINDLER Ivo , TUROŇ Rostislav , TUROŇOVÁ Petra , KUKUCZKA Pavel , CIESLAR Radek , KAWULOK Petr , KAWULOK Rostislav , OPĚLA Petr , SAUER Michal
Published: November 2022

The aim of the paper was to determine the temperature dependence of formability of investigated steels by uniaxial tensile fracture tests under thermomechanical conditions corresponding to punching (1340–1395 °C) and pilger rolling (800–1050 °C) in The Tube Mill TŘINECKÉ ŽELEZÁRNY a.s. The deformation behavior of N1 and 42CrMo4 steels was investigated. In both cases, the effect of the structure on formability was taken into account. In the case of high-temperature examination corresponding to the punching process, the tests were performed on samples taken from the area of the column crystals (i.e. closer to the outer surface of the continuously cast semi-finished product) and also from the area below the column crystals closer to the center. In the case of low-temperature tests corresponding to pilger rolling, the strength-plastic properties were evaluated from an area closer to the inner or closer to the outer surface of the roll after punching. Uniaxial tensile tests to the fracture were performed on the HDS-20 simulator.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF GEOMETRIC DIMENSIONS OF COLD DRAWN TUBES USING FEM SIMULATION
Authors: SOBOTA Róbert , MOROVIČ Ladislav , KAPUSTOVÁ Mária , BÍLIK Jozef , BELLA Peter , MOJŽIŠ Milan
Published: November 2022

The paper focuses on the analysis and comparison of tube wall thickness after cold drawing. The tube wall thickness obtained by the experiment was compared with the wall thickness obtained using finite element method (FEM) simulation in the simulation software DEFORM-3D. For the experiment the tube sinking technology was performed and all tubes were made of steel E235. Tubes were the outer diameter of Ø14, Ø16, Ø18 mm and the tube wall thickness was 1 and 2 mm. All tubes were drawn by single-pass tube sinking technology to the final diameter of Ø12 mm. Tube sinking process is a tube drawing technology through a drawing die without the use of a mandrel. Tube sinking is used as a final drawing operation, especially in the production of precision tubes of smaller diameter. The resulting comparison showed that the tube wall thickness obtained by the simulation in the DEFORM software very well matches with tube wall thickness obtained in the experiments. Based on the results, it can be stated that in the future it will be possible to replace some of the real experiments with FEM simulation in the DEFORM software.
Controvérsias jurídico- legais da sobretaxa na proteção da indústria açucareira em Moçambique
Authors: Alfredo Benjamim
Published: November 2022

Moçambique está a desenvolver esforços visando relançar a sua economia e a valorizar as suas capacidades económicas e empresariais, através da implementação de diversas políticas macroeconómicas. Uma das políticas adotadas é a aplicação da sobretaxa na importação do açúcar branco refinado, como medida de proteção à indústria açucareira, e que suscita diversas controvérsias e um impacto negativo no desempenho da indústria utilizadora do referido açúcar como matéria prima. A forma como o Governo instituiu os Decretos, Diplomas Ministeriais, Ordens de Serviço e Avisos das Alfândegas de Moçambique para a implementação da referida sobretaxa, suscita controvérsias jurídico-legais, em virtude de tais instrumentos legais não terem obedecido os preceitos constitucionais e legais, enfermando, por isso, de vícios de inconstitucionalidade e de ilegalidade sujeitos a anulabilidade dos atos praticados. Além disso, a medida adotada afeta de certa forma o doing business, ou seja, o ambiente de negócios, fato que contraria os objetivos de recuperação da economia e do desenvolvimento do País. São estes, os aspectos fundamentais que levam a apresentação do presente artigo, na base de uma reflexão técnica jurídica -fiscal, que, embora não esgota o tema em apreço, podem ajudar a compreender o efeito da medida de protecção adotada e os aspectos jurídico- legais suscitados pela implementação da referida sobretaxa. A metodologia usada para a pesquisa no âmbito do presente trabalho, baseou-se na recolha de informação documental, legal e doutrinária pertinente, e nos conhecimentos técnicos jurídico – fiscais que o autor possui.
AS CARTAS EXTRAVIADAS ENTRE A UNIVERSIDADE E A HISTÉRICA
Authors: Prates Vinicius
Published: November 2022

Neste artigo propomos uma análise dos problemas da enunciação das fakenews sobre meio ambiente circulantes nas redes sociotécnicas de comunicação a partir da teoria lacaniana dos Quatro Discursos. Para isso, analisamos dez checagens de uma agência especializada na detecção de notícias falsas sobre questões ecológicas. Ao final, propomos a seguinte fórmula: a) enunciados são produzidos por locutores aderidos ao Discurso da Universidade; b) são denegados pelos locutores das fakenews, que lhes atribuem o lugar de produção do Discurso do Mestre, e lhe contrapõem com o Discurso da Histérica; c) as agências de checagem buscam retomar a força performativa do Discurso da Universidade.
A COBERTURA CLIMÁTICA PODE LEVAR À AÇÃO?
Authors: Beling Loose Eloisa , Fante Eliege Maria , Maldaner Jacobi Caroline , Thiesen Lásaro José
Published: November 2022

Este artigo analisa as percepções de ativistas brasileiros sobre a cobertura climática e sua contribuição para mobilização social. Considerando o alcance e a credibilidade associados ao jornalismo, assim como seu papel de mediação entre ciência, política e sociedade, realizaram-se grupos focais virtuais (Gatti, 2005) com ativistas, de até 35 anos, das cinco regiões do País, para discussão sobre as articulações entre engajamento e jornalismo climático. As respostas foram categorizadas a partir de suas recorrências e adesão à literatura da área, a partir da Análise de Conteúdo (Bardin, 1979). Os resultados revelam que os ativistas observam distanciamento da pauta com o cotidiano das pessoas, dificuldade de compreensão de termos científicos, ausência da apresentação de soluções, mas também dos responsáveis pela crise climática; e reivindicam mais espaço para aqueles que já vivenciam os efeitos e/ou atuam localmente em alternativas para seu enfrentamento. Além disso, afirmam que isso já é feito em alguns veículos especializados e alternativos, mas que é preciso que a imprensa hegemônica participe desse processo.
O NEGACIONISMO DO AQUECIMENTO GLOBAL NO YOUTUBE
Authors: Emergente Loiola Daniel Felipe
Published: November 2022

Partindo de um contexto maior de desinformação científica sobre as mudanças climáticas e o aquecimento global, o presente artigo busca analisar a presença de vídeos contendo negacionismo climático dentro do YouTube, criando um panorama geral sobre como tal conteúdo circula na plataforma. Utilizamos uma ferramenta de coleta de dados via API para encontrar vídeos sobre o tema partindo de uma busca por “aquecimento global” e coletando os resultados da busca e os seus vídeos relacionados. Utilizamos a análise de redes para observar qual o papel eles desempenham dentro do debate sobre as questões climáticas no YouTube, e quais são os principais influenciadores no meio. Observamos que há uma grande quantidade de vídeos negacionistas, em sua maioria com a presença de pesquisadores e cientistas de universidades brasileiras, muitas vezes reapropriados de canais de TV e conferências, e que são frequentemente recomendados pelo algoritmo da plataforma.
SCREENING AND PHYSIOTHERAPY SERVICES FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL COMPLAINTS IN THE ELDERLY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT TRESNA WERDHA WANA SOCIAL ORIGINAL SERAYA
Authors: Tri Adi Suparwati Komang , Dhita Prianthara I Made , Paramurthi I.A Pascha , Astrawan I Putu , Ayu Astiti Suadnyana Ida , Prisa Jaya I Putu , Sri Wahyuni Novianti I Gusti Ayu
Published: November 2022

The number of elderly people in Indonesia from year to year continues to increase. With the increasing amount of elderly, it is followed by an increase in musculoskeletal complaints. The outbreak of Covid-19 has resulted in limited and disrupted physical activity and health services for the elderly. The elderly are a group at risk of death if infected with Covid-19 because there is a degenerative process and there are co-morbidities. Community service activities carried out at the Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Social Home in Ketalanggu Village aims to provide health services so that during the Covid-19 pandemic the quality of life for the elderly will be better. Activities carried out using blood pressure screening methods and examination of musculoskeletal complaints as well as providing physiotherapy services related to musculoskeletal complaints such as exercise and infrared therapy for free to the elderly. The participation in this community service activity was 34 people with the most aged 66-70 years. The results of this activity are the presence of the elderly, and the results of blood pressure screening and services for musculoskeletal complaints in the elderly at the Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Social Institution during the Covid-19 pandemic.
ACUPRESSURE TRAINING USING AROMATHERAPY AS AN EFFORT TO OVERCOME DYSMENORRHEA IN ADOLESCENTS IN PEGADINGAN VILLAGE KRAMATWATU DISTRICT SERANG REGENCY
Authors: Khotimah Husnul , Utami Subagio Sri
Published: November 2022

One of the complaints during menstruation is dysmenorrhea. The way of healing to reduce the symptoms of dysmenorrhea in addition to pharmacological therapy is by giving acupressure using aromatherapy. This community service activity uses the Community Development method (community empowerment). The activity will be held in April 2022. The location of the activity is in Pegadingan Village, Kramatwatu District, Serang Regency. The target of this community service activity is 26 teenagers. This activity is an outreach and training on acupressure using aromatherapy. The pretest and post-test scores showed a change in the form of an increase in the number of participants who understood from 20 participants (77%) at the time of the pre-test then an increase in the number of participants who understood as many as 26 people (100%). There is an increase in post-test results showing that training on acupressure using aromatherapy can improve adolescents' knowledge and skills about acupressure using aromatherapy to treat dysmenorrhea.
EDUCATION ON HYPERTENSION FOR EARLY PREVENTION IN BEACH LABUBAR VILLAGE
Authors: Aidha Zuhrina , Kartika Widia , Dwanti Pane Shahrani , Mahardika Rangga
Published: November 2022

Generally, hypertension occurs in the elderly, but some observations prove that hypertension can grow since adolescence and its prevalence increases over a certain period of time. The causes of hypertension, including unhealthy lifestyles, environment, education, and the lack of public insight regarding the management of hypertension sufferers. The target of this service is the Labu Baru Beach community, the procedures carried out by community service are surveys and advocacy. The survey was conducted to determine the indicators of public knowledge of Labu Baru Beach about Hypertension. Advocacy is carried out in three stages, namely: 1) Providing information about hypertension problems that occur. 2) Make joint efforts to solve the problem of hypertension for the community by involving the village head, village secretary, village officials, village midwives and village cadres to provide or explain hypertension. 3) Socialization of hypertension to mothers or the local community. 4) Insight about hypertension to the local community.
INTRODUCTION OF INTERACTIVE SCIENCE LEARNING IN COMMUNITY SERVICE AT KASIH ENDE ORPHANAGE
Authors: Paoki Rouna , Leorina Evinita Lenny
Published: November 2022

Education is a process to improve, to educate people's skills, attitudes, and behavior; and to govern a person or group in an effort to educate human life through teaching, training  and guidance activities. Based on the situation in Ende district, there are social problems, one of which is the number of children dropping out of school due to several factors, such as the family condition. Through the Community Program , the community in Ende Orphanage was invited and involved in improving children's education. Based on the results, the community service found the children of the Naungan Kasih Orphanage participated in activities and gained knowledge based on the activities that had been carried out. The activity is how to increase knowledge with tutoring, such as waste classification and processing, clean and healthy lifestyle, character building, and education about the slogans and symbols of the Republic of Indonesia
EMPOWERMENT OF MIDWIVES AS DIGITAL HEALTH INFORMATION AGENTS AS AN EFFORT TO SAVE MOTHERS AND NEWBORN BABIES
Authors: Nursanti Siti , Tayo Yanti , Setyastuti Yuanita , Yunidharta Firdaus , Sulistiyowati Nina
Published: November 2022

The advancement of communication and information technology in Indonesia has become one of its strengths for handling maternal and infant mortality in Indonesia; with good skills in managing information using advanced technology and information sources from a midwife, the public will more easily recognize the signs of an emergency felt by pregnant women. and will give birth. This community service activity is carried out to increase the knowledge and ability of midwives to manage sources of maternal and newborn health information. The activity was carried out in Waluya District, Karawang Regency, and was attended by 20 midwives in the area. The activity found an increase in the knowledge and ability of midwives to manage digital information by 40%.
EDUCATION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES IN ADOLESCENTS AT SMKS KARYA RUTENG
Authors: Sriana Banul Maria , Elsidianastika Trisnawati Reineldis , Octaviani Laput Dionesia , Sedista Manggul Makrina , Angela Norce Halu Silfia , Bening Isabela
Published: November 2022

The phenomenon of free sex has spread among teenagers, and has an impact on the increase in sexually transmitted diseases, so education on reproductive health, especially Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD), should be informed to children, especially teenagers, both through formal and informal education. The activity was carried out at Vocational High School Karya Ruteng. The number of participants is 61 people. This activity aims to increase adolescents' knowledge at Vocational High School Karya Ruteng about Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) in the good, enough, and fewer categories. The method is to provide counseling, question and answer, and discussion with the participants. The level of adolescent knowledge at Vocational High School Karya Ruteng was assessed through the results of filling out questionnaires filled out by participants before and after the activity as well as the results of questions and answers at the end of the activities. The knowledge of participants after participating in this activity has increased. The increase in knowledge expecting to shape adolescent behavior to avoid free sex among adolescents so that unwanted pregnancies and increased transmission of sexually transmitted diseases do not occur.
WASTE BANK MANAGEMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT BOGOR RAYA PERMAI HOUSING
Authors: Raharyanti Fenny , Ariyo Bimo Widhi , Azmia Nora
Published: November 2022

Household waste, not only removes it from the view of its inhabitants, but if it is managed better, it will bring benefits. Starting with general sorting based on organic and inorganic types, then it is necessary to practice separating inorganic waste by paying attention to its composition, whether paper, plastic, cans, styrofoam and other types. Waste bank is one solution in the management of inorganic waste. Community Service Activities from Faculty of Health Sciences and the Faculty of Economics and Business, Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, provided support to the Baitussalaam Bogor Raya Permai Waste Bank, Curug Village, West Bogor City in November 2021 in the form of socializing the implementation of Waste Bank activities during the COVID pandemic. The method is picking up or visiting people who have difficulty accessing the segregated waste collection site. Due to human activities will continue to produce waste even during a pandemic, while health protocols must still be observed. In addition, the support of the students in data collection and weighing is very important in the success of this activity. The results of this activity become a learning platform for the importance of sorting household waste which can be converted into rupiah based on weight, so that the community can feel the economic and environmental health benefits.
Plant traits poorly predict winner and loser shrub species in a warming tundra biome
Authors: García Criado Mariana , Myers-Smith Isla , Bjorkman Anne , Normand Signe , Blach-Overgaard Anne , Thomas Haydn , Eskelinen Anu , Happonen Konsta , Alatalo Juha , Anadon-Rosell Alba , Aubin Isabelle , te Beest Mariska , Betway-May Katlyn , Blok Daan , Buras Allan , Cerabolini Bruno , Christie Katherine , Cornelissen J. Hans , Forbes Bruce , Frei Esther , Grogan Paul , Hermanutz Luise , Hollister Robert , Hudson James , Iturrate-Garcia Maitane , Kaarlejärvi Elina , Kleyer Michael , Lamarque Laurent , Lembrechts Jonas , Lévesque Esther , Luoto Miska , Macek Petr , May Jeremy , Prevéy Janet , Schaepman-Strub Gabriela , Sheremetiev Serge , Siegwart Collier Laura , Soudzilovskaia Nadia , Trant Andrew , Venn Susanna , Virkkala Anna-Maria
Published: November 2022

Climate change is leading to a species redistributions. In the tundra biome, many shrub species are expanding into new areas, a process known as shrubification. However, not all tundra shrub species will benefit from warming. Winner and loser species (those projected to expand and contract their ranges, and/or those that have increased or decreased in cover over time), and the characteristics that may determine success or failure, have not been fully identified. Here, we investigate whether current range sizes are related to plant trait values and intraspecific trait variation by combining 17,921 trait records and distribution data from 62 shrub species across three continents (>30 degrees north). In addition, we determine which traits are associated with species projected by species distribution models to expand or contract their ranges under climate change, and species that have undergone past cover changes over time. Winner and loser shrub species identified from projected range shifts generally differed from those identified from observed past cover change. We found that greater variation in seed mass and specific leaf area were related to larger projected range shifts. Projected winner species generally had greater seed mass values than ‘no change’ and loser species. However, contrary to our expectations, traits’ values and variation were not consistently related to current and projected ranges, and depended upon the future climate scenarios considered in range projections. There were no clear relationships either between cover change over time and trait values or variation. Overall, our findings indicate that abundance changes and projected range shifts will not lead to directional modifications in shrub trait composition or variation with future warming, since winner and loser species share relatively similar trait spaces based on commonly measured traits. Future research could investigate other morpho-physiological traits underpinning climatic preferences, which might better predict future range and abundance changes.
Rothman-Zecher, Moriel. Before All the World: A Novel. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2022.
Authors: Margolin Elaine
Published: November 2022

Review of Rothman-Zecher, Moriel. Before All the World: A Novel. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2022.
Teller, Matthew. Nine Quarters of Jerusalem: A New Biography of the Old City. New York, NY: Other Press, 2022.
Authors: Margolin Elaine
Published: November 2022

Review of Teller, Matthew. Nine Quarters of Jerusalem: A New Biography of the Old City. New York, NY: Other Press, 2022.
Finding Dark Patterns in Casual Mobile Games Using Heuristic Evaluation
Authors: Dahlan Refal Pradama , Susanty Meredita
Published: November 2022

The popularity and monetary success of casual games are owed to many factors, but some of them that are not entirely honest and ethical. One of them comes in the form of the implementation of a dark pattern, a design pattern that negatively affects the experience of playing the game they are implemented. This research unveils the dark patterns most commonly used in popular and profitable casual mobile games, using heuristic evaluation conducted by five undergraduate student evaluators that have sufficient domain knowledge and experience of the topic at hand. Three of those dark patterns are (1) Pay to Skip:When the game sells various game elements that allow the players to skip some of its core challenges, (2) Grinding: When the game forces the players to sit through repetitive mechanics to make progress in the game, and (3) Playing by Appointment; When the game forces the player to play it during a specific time,through the use of rewards or punishments. The findings of this research should act as a counter-guideline on developing a casual game, as well as and provide the basis on future discussions on ethical game design.
Pengaturan Pitch Angle Turbin Angin Menggunakan Metode Particle Swarm Optimization dan Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Nugroho Herminarto , Mongan Cintikhe Allo , Ignatius Rejanta Pesaher
Published: November 2022

Energi baru terbarukan merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menggantikan bahan bakar fosil yang mulai terbatas. Negara di seluruh dunia kini berlomba-lomba mengembangkan energi baru terbarukan termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu energi baru terbarukan yang dikembangkan oleh Indonesia adalah energi angin. Namun, potensi energi angin di Indonesia tidak sebaik di negara Belanda contohnya, sehingga optimalisasi sangat dibutuhkan untuk memaksimalkan energi yang ada. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penentuan Pitch Angle yang sesuai untuk mengasilkan daya maksimum dengan memvariasikan kecepatan angin menggunakan metode optimasi Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dan Genetic Algorithm (GA). Hasil analisis menunjukan kecepatan angin memepengaruhi besar pitch angle dan koefisien daya yang dihasilkan. Ketika koefisien daya mencapai rated, koefisien daya akan menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya kecepatan angin, sedangkan pitch angle akan konstan ketika mencapai sudut maksimum. Dengan menggunakan metode PSO dan GA diketahui pitch angle yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai yang sama. Perbedaan kedua metode terlihat pada jumlah dan waktu komputasi untuk mendapatkan nilai optimumnya.
Karelian Dialect of Kolvitsa, Kola Peninsula
Authors: Kehayov Petar , Kuzmin Denis
Published: November 2022

Kolvitsa is the only surviving Karelian village on the Kola Peninsula, and the northern­most Karelian village in the world. Its inhabitants speak a mixed migrant vernacular, which developed in isolation from the Karelian Proper dialect continuum. This study uses linguistic-ethnographic insights from the region to investigate the lexical and grammatical structure of receding Kolvitsa Karelian. The last generation of speakers manifests a profusion of alternative forms, not only across but also within idiolects, and the study explores different factors giving rise to this variation.
Kolvičča on viimeni karjalaini kylä Kuolan niemimualla ta šamoin muajilman pohjosin karjalaini kylä. Šen eläjät ollah eri Vienan Karjalan paikka­kunnilta tulle­hien šiirtolaisien jälkiläisie ta paissah šekamurrehta, kumpani on kehittyn erikseh varšinaiskarjalan murrehjatkumošta. Kirjašša tutkitah rappeutujan Kolvičan murtehen šanaštuo ta kielioppie alove­helta šuatujen lingvistis-etnografisien tietojen avulla. Karjalua taitajien viimesen šukupolven kieleššä rikeneh tulou ilmi vaihtoehtosie muotoja šekä idio­lektien välillä jotta idiolektien šiämeššä, ta tutkimukšešša punnitah eri šyitä, kumpaset šuahah aikah tätä variatijuo.
Energyscapes: Helios y Eolo
Authors: García-Sánchez José Francisco
Published: November 2022

El texto aborda una reflexión como contribución al debate 'Paisaje y energías alternativas'. Tomando como inicio del hilo argumental la exposición Art in a Changing World: 1884-1964: Twentieth Century Engineering, celebrada en el Museo de Arte Moderno de New York (MoMA) en 1964, donde se defendía la belleza de las infraestructuras y su voluntad de fundar unos nuevos paisajes de la energía (Energyscapes). En el texto se enumeran algunos ejemplos donde los molinos de viento (aerogeneradores) o los espejos de las centrales solares (placas fotovoltaicas) han sido objeto de interés por diferentes artistas en la pintura, en la fotografía o en el land-art contemporáneo. Finalmente se advierte de la contradicción que acompaña a estas instalaciones energéticas dispuestas sobre el territorio: por un lado su disposición de forma controlada refuerza la idea de paisaje, y por otro, su implantación descontrolada puede convertirse en una amenaza más para este planeta cada vez más antropizado.
Monikielisissä toimitustiimeissä syntyy juttuja, joita kukaan ei voisi tehdä yksin
Authors: Leppäjärvi Anne , Nousiainen Reetta
Published: November 2022

Vuoden 2022 vuorovaikutusteko -kunniamaininta myönnettiin Anne Leppäjärvelle ja Haaga-Helian maahanmuuttajataustaisten journalistien koulutustiimille.
Problems of Applying Film Coatings During Scale-up Technology
Authors: Strelkova A. V. , Flisyuk E. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Technology transfer is an integral part of the life cycle of any drug. The coating is a critical step in the production of coated tablets. The transfer of the film coating application process is often accompanied by the rejection of a part of the drug series due to various defects in the target surface.

Aim. To classify the types of defects formed at the stage of “Application of the film shell” in the devices of the “Coater” drum type, to identify the causes of occurrence, to develop ways to eliminate these defects.

Materials and methods. Film-coated tablets with INN diosmin, sildenafil, dipyridamole, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin as the object of the study were selected. The samples were obtained on a single-punch tablet press EP-1 (ERWEKA GmbH, Germany) and coated with a film shell in a coating unit of the type "copper" BGB-1 (Chongqing Jinggong Pharmaceutical Machinery Co., Ltd., China).

Results and discussion. Appearance defects are classified according to the degree of criticality: critical (influx, chipping, recess, rupture, delamination, breaking, rubbing, sticking, pigmentation, discoloration, scratches, crack), significant (build-up, inclusion), minor defect. The main causes of the defect have been established: the property of the core tablet (for example, poor adhesive properties, hydrophobicity), technological parameters of the process (the speed of rotation of the drum, the speed of spraying, the pressure on the spray, the pressure on the formation of the torch, the temperature of the incoming air. The main consequences of the occurrence of each type of defect are considered, among which are insignificant (not affecting the quality) and critical (affecting the quality indicators of "dissolution").

Conclusion. In the course of the study, the types of critical and significant defects, the causes of occurrence and ways to eliminate these defects are considered.
Phytochemical Analysis of Lysimachia vulgaris L. Aerial Part: Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Kripak Е. М. , Ponkratova A. O. , Whaley A. K. , Zhokhova Е. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Natural sources, especially plants, have been used in folk medicine of various countries for many centuries and appears as rich sources of natural compounds. One of the interesting plants for study is the yellow loosestrife (Lysimachia vulgaris L.), the information on the chemical composition of which is scarce.

Aim. Carry out a phytochemical research of the L. vulgaris aerial part, by isolation of individual secondary metabolites and elucidation of their structure.

Material and methods. Aerial part of L. vulgaris, was collected in the Leningrad region (Vsevolozhsk district, Morozov village, the shore of Lake Ladoga) in July 2021. Fraction analysis was performed through analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a LC-20 Prominence (Shimadzu corp., Japan) equipped with a SPD-M20A diode-array detector. The isolation of compounds was carried out by open column chromatography using sorbent Dianion HP-20, as well as by preparative HPLC using a Smartline system (Knauer, Germany) equipped with a spectrophotometric detector. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by NMR experiments (Bruker Avance III 400 MHz, Germany).

Results and discussion. As a result of L. vulgaris aerial part phytochemical research, the structures of seven individual compounds (1–7) were elucidated. Compounds 1 and 2 are luteolin and quercetin, respectively, while compounds 3–7 are glycosides of quercetin, myricitin and kaempferol, namely myricetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (3), myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (rutin) (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7).

Conclusion. As a result of L. vulgaris aerial part phytochemical research, seven individual compounds were isolated. Compounds 1 and 4 have been found in the aerial part of L. vulgaris for the first time, and all compounds (1–7) have been isolated for the first time from the yellow loosestrife herb.
Isolation of Individual Compounds from the Aerial Part of Comarum palustre L. and Their Structure Elucidation Using Spectroscopic Methods
Authors: Strugar Y. , Orlova A. A. , Ponkratova A. A. , Whaley A. K. , Povydysh M. N.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Medicinal plants are a rich, almost inexhaustible source of medicinal substances, and due to their large chemical diversity of metabolites available for isolation their research is always an important task. One of the promising medicinal plants for research is marsh cinquefoil (Comarum palustre L.), widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Aim. Isolation of individual secondary metabolites from the aerial part of C. palustre and their subsequent structural elucidation by NMR experiments.

Materials and methods. The aerial parts of the marsh cinquefoil, were collected next to the Saint Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical University Nursery Garden of Medicinal Plants (Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsky district, Priozerskoe highway, 38 km) in July 2021. Fraction analysis was performed through analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a LC-20 Prominence (Shimadzu corp., Japan) equipped with a SPD-M20A diode-array detector. The isolation of compounds was carried out by open column chromatography using sorbents with different selectivity, as well as by preparative HPLC using a Smartline system (Knauer, Germany) equipped with a spectrophotometric detector. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by 1D NMR experiments (Bruker Avance III 400 MHz, Germany).

Results and discussion. Seven individual compounds (1–7) were isolated and their structures elucidated. Two compounds (1 and 2) are derivatives of ellagic acid, namely 4-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside ellagic acid (1) and 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ellagic acid (2), while the other five compounds are derivatives of flavonoids: kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (3), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-(6’’-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-(2’’-galloyl)-glucopyranoside (6) and (+)-catechin (7).

Conclusion. As a result of the current research, seven individual compounds were isolated from the aerial part of the marsh cinquefoil and their structure were elucidated. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 were found and isolated from the aerial part of C. palustre L. for the first time.
Research on the Creation of Dental Gel with Acyzol
Authors: Golovanenko A. L. , Alekseeva I. V. , Berezina E. S. , Flisyuk E. V. , Nogaeva U. V. , Titovich I. A.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. An urgent trend in pharmacy is the development of application dosage forms with high bioavailability and long-term effect for use in dentistry. Medicinal preparations in the form of gels have a number of advantages over other traditionally used dosage forms for the prevention and treatment of caries. Acyzol, containing zinc in an ionized state, which is part of such preparations, reduces the risk of caries by suppressing the aggressive properties of soft dental deposits.

Aim. On the basis of a step-by-step complex of studies, to develop a dental gel with acisol.

Materials and methods. For the study, we used gels with an active pharmaceutical substance – acisol-bis – (1 – vinylimidazole) zinc diacetate (FC 000286-191211.2011, LLC "Makiz-Pharma", Moscow, Russia, series 101218, shelf life 3 years); basic and gel-forming components – Na-KMC C75 (TU 2231-002-50277563-2000, Base of chemical products "Yugreaktiv", Russia, series 151118, shelf life 3 years), methylcellulose – 35 (TU 2231-107-57684455-2003, JSC "UZPH", Russia, series 221218, shelf life 3 years), sodium alginate (TU 15-02-544-83, Base of chemical products "Yugreaktiv", Russia, series 151018, shelf life 3 years) glycerol (FS.2.2.0006.15 "Glycerin", JSC "Kupavnareaktiv", Russia, series 082018, shelf life 3 years), purified water (FS.2.2.0020.18 "Purified water"). During the research, technological, chemical, physicochemical, physical and biopharmaceutical methods were used.

Results and discussion. As a result of a complex of experimental studies, a composition was developed, a rational technology was proposed, quality indicators were determined, standardization was carried out and a preliminary shelf life of a new dental gel with acisol was established. In the process of gel standardization, methods have been modified and tested, which can be used to establish the good quality of the gel during its manufacture and storage. The degree of release of acyzol from the gel was determined by the conductometric method, informative, fast and easy to perform. The stability of the gel during storage was investigated and a packaging material was selected that allows keeping the quality indicators within the normal range.

Conclusion. The studies carried out have shown the prospects for the development of a gel with acisol. The proposed methods of analysis can be recommended for use to assess the good quality of the gel in the process of manufacturing and storage, as well as for inclusion in regulatory documents.
Antimicrobial Activity of Water-alcoholic Extracts of Representatives of the Genus Potentilla L.
Authors: Savelyeva E. E. , Bulgakova N. A. , Lapkina E. Z. , Chernaya V. V. , Kurbatsky V. I.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The emerging resistance of bacteria to drugs is one of the serious problems of medicine, which stimulates the constant search for new antimicrobial drugs, also of natural origin. Researchers widely address representatives of various families and genus of the plant world, using various morphological groups of plant raw materials, studying the effect of both the sum of extracted substances and individual compounds.

Aim. Investigation of antimicrobial activity of water-alcohol extracts of some representatives of the genus Potentilla in the search for new antimicrobial medicines of plant origin.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were extracts on 40 and 70 % ethyl alcohol from the aboveground part of Potentilla anserinа L., P. erecta (L.) Raeusch, P. argentea L., P. paradoxa Nutt. ex Torr. et Gray, P. goldbachii Rupr., P. approximate Bunge, P. chrysantha Trevir. Antimicrobial activity was determined by diffusion into agar using paper disks. Collection strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 29 strains of MSSA isolated from biomaterial from patients were used as test cultures. The sensitivity of MSSA strains to antibiotics was characterized by an antibioticogram.

Results and discussion. The strain of Escherichia coli turned out to be insensitive to all extracts of the paws. The strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is minimally sensitive to extracts of 40 % ethyl alcohol of P. anserinа and P. argentea, to 40 and 70 % extracts of P. approximata. All strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) are sensitive to all extracts of the paws to varying degrees. Among 40 % of the extracts, the most active are P. anserinа, P. paradoxa and P. erecta extracts, among 70 % of the extracts are P. paradoxa and P. argentea extracts.

Conclusion. The studied extracts of seven Potentilla species showed antimicrobial activity against both sensitive and insensitive to antibiotic strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) to a close or comparable degree, while extracts on 40 % ethyl alcohol are slightly more active compared toextracts on 70 % ethyl alcohol. The results indicate that the studied Potentilla species are promising for further research.
Prognostic and Predictive Significance of mRNA Expression of ABC-transporter Genes in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tsyganov M. M. , Ibragimova M. K. , Rodionov E. O. , Frolova A. A. , Miller S. V. , Cheremisina O. V. , Tuzikov S. A. , Litvyakov N. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. To date, one of the reasons for the ineffectiveness of chemotherapy in various malignant neoplasms, including lung cancer, is the formation of the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in tumor cells, which is caused by the expression of ABC transporter genes.

Aim. The aim of this work was to assess the expression of ABC-transporter genes during chemotherapy and to analyze the relationship with the effectiveness of chemotherapy and prognosis of the disease.

Materials and methods. We used biopsy and surgical material from 91 patients with stage IIB–IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The treatment regimen included: 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), surgery and 3 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) with platinum doublets. RNA was isolated from the samples, followed by quantitative PCR to assess the expression of genes ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC5, ABCG1, ABCG2.

Results and discussion. It was shown that the level of expression of the studied genes was not associated with the effect of NAC in patients with lung cancer, except for the ABCC5 gene, which showed a relationship at the level of a pronounced trend (p = 0.07). It was also shown that in the group of patients with an objective response to chemotherapy, the frequency of decreased expression of the ABCC1 (p = 0.01) and ABCC5 (p = 0.004) genes was statistically significantly higher than in the group of patients with stabilization. Further, using the Kaplan – Meier method, it was found that a decrease in expression is associated with high rates of metastatic-free survival (MFS). The highest rates of 5-year MFS (more than 85 %) are observed in patients with a decrease in the expression of the ABCB1 and ABCG2 genes, log-rank test p = 0.0007 and p = 0.002, respectively.

Conclusion. Thus, it has been shown that changes in the expression of ABC transporter genes are associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy and the prognosis of the disease. The data obtained can be used as a basis for the detection of potential drug targets.
A Regenerative Biology View on Artificial Tissue Construction and Three-Dimensional Bioprinting: What May We Learn from Natural Regenerative Phenomena?
Authors: Lauridsen Henrik
Published: November 2022

The implications of the low tissue regenerative potential in humans are severe and widespread. Several of our major diseases are direct results of this deficiency that leaves us vulnerable to events of tissue damage. This is opposed to some animal groups, such as the urodele amphibians (salamanders), that display distinct tissue regeneration after injury. An important goal of biomedical engineering is the construction of artificial tissue that can ultimately be transplanted into patients, however, such constructs are still in their infancy for more complex structures. Approaches of constructing artificial organ structures by decellularisation/recellularisation procedures and recently with three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting show promising results in obtaining anatomically accurate constructs, however, the function of these artificial tissues is still lacking compared to natural tissues. This review will highlight how the relatively mature fields of regenerative biology and medicine can have potential usage in the younger bioengineering field of artificial tissue construction by drawing on the knowledge of how intrinsic tissue regeneration takes place in nature.
Four-Dimensional Bioprinting for Regenerative Medicine: Mechanisms to Induce Shape Variation and Potential Applications
Authors: Morouço Pedro , Gil João
Published: November 2022

Regenerative medicine is an exciting field of research, in which significant steps are being taken that are leading to the translation of the technique into clinical practice. In the near future, it is expected that clinicians will have the opportunity to bioprint tissues and organs that closely mimic native human tissues. To do so, imaging of patients must be translated to digital models and then fabricated in a layer-by-layer fashion. The main aim of this review is to elaborate on the possible mechanisms that support four-dimensional bioprinting, as well as provide examples of current and future applications of the technology. This technology, considering time as the fourth dimension, emerged with the aim to develop bioactive functional constructs with programmed stimuli responses. The main idea is to have three-dimensional-printed constructs that are responsive to preplanned stimuli. With this review, the authors aim to provoke creative thinking, highlighting several issues that need to be addressed when reproducing such a complex network as the human body. The authors envision that there are some key features that need to be studied in the near future: printed constructs should be able to respond to different types of stimuli in a timely manner, bioreactors must be developed combining different types of automated stimuli and aiming to replicate the in vivo ecology, and adequate testing procedures must be developed to obtain a proper assessment of the constructs. The effective development of a printed construct that supports tissue maturation according to the anticipated stimuli will significantly advance this promising approach to regenerative medicine.
Patient–Physician Interaction on Social Media: The Physician’s Point of View
Authors: Nikiphorou Elena , Berenbaum Francis
Published: November 2022

The use of social media (SM) in healthcare has provided a novel means of communication in line with a more modernised approach to care. For physicians, SM provides opportunities for enhancing professional development, networking, public health, and organisational promotion, among others. For patients, SM provides potential for taking a more active role in health, sharing information, and building virtual communities, especially in the case of chronic and/or rare diseases. SM has the potential to bring patients and physicians closer together, beyond the walls of clinics; however, the interaction between physicians and patients on SM has received mixed feelings, especially from the physicians’ perspective. On the one hand, the potential for a more enhanced, albeit remote, communication has been viewed positively, especially in an era where digital technologies are fast expanding. Conversely, concerns around breaches in professional boundaries and ethical conduct, such as mishandling of patient-sensitive information on these platforms, have fuelled heavy criticism around its use. From this viewpoint, issues arising from the use of SM in healthcare, with a focus on the patient–physician interaction, discussing the potential benefits and pitfalls are covered in this article.
Automated Item Generation: The Future of Medical Education Assessment
Authors: Royal Kenneth D. , Hedgpeth Mari-Wells , Jeon Tae , Colford Cristin M.
Published: November 2022

A major innovation in psychometric science, termed automated item generation (AIG), holds the potential to revolutionise assessment in medical education. In short, AIG involves leveraging the expertise of content specialists, item templates, and computer algorithms to create a variety of item permutations, often resulting in hundreds or thousands of new items based on a single item model. AIG may significantly improve item writing capabilities, reduce human error, streamline efficiencies, and reduce costs for individuals in the medical and health professions. Thus, the purpose of this work is to provide readers with a current overview of AIG and discuss its potential advantages, future possibilities, and current limitations.
A Transition from Disease-Centred to Goal-Directed Individualised Care of Patients with Multiple Morbidities: A Journey to Goal-Orientated Patient Healthcare
Authors: Rygiel Katarzyna
Published: November 2022

Goal-orientated healthcare is multi-level strategic planning of medical care in which the patient’s goals are set first and, thereafter, their operationalisation is implemented into clinical practice. This is a novel approach to the management of patients with multiple morbidities. In this care model, the patients are treated as partners participating in a therapy process that is focussed on improving quality of life and health outcomes. This approach also facilitates the achievement of individually desired therapeutic targets by patients, their families, and/or their caregivers. The aim of this review is to present the concept of goal-orientated care based on current research from the medical literature and to describe some serious concerns related to the disease-centred model commonly used for patients with complex medical and/or mental conditions, such as the elderly. To illustrate the advantages and limitations of the goal-orientated patient care model, two exemplary cases of patients often seen in practice, such as primary care, cardiology, or geriatrics, are briefly described. The principles of goal-orientated patient care and available solutions to common problems should be useful to both the medical practitioners and their patients, in many contexts of multidisciplinary collaboration.
Breaking Down Silos in Asthma Research: The Case for an Integrated Approach
Authors: Haider Sadia , Custovic Adnan
Published: November 2022

Asthma is a complex condition with heterogeneous patterns of symptoms underpinned by different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment responses. Analyses of data from birth cohorts and patient studies, from the subjective hypothesis-testing approach to the data-driven hypothesis-generating approach, have improved the current understanding of asthma’s heterogeneity. Despite the rapid proliferation of new sources of data and increasingly sophisticated methods for data mining and revealing structure, relatively few findings have been translated into clinically actionable solutions for targeted therapeutics or improved patient care. This review focusses on why an integrated approach may be a more powerful catalyst for improved patient outcomes compared with the artificial and imposed dichotomy of hypothesis-generating versus investigator-led subjective approaches. As the factors shaping the development and control of asthma affect individuals dynamically in response to treatment or environmental factors, deeper insights can be garnered through the integration of data with human expertise and experience. The authors describe how integrative approaches may have greater power to provide a more holistic understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms driving asthma heterogeneity, discussing some of the key methodological challenges that limit the clinical use of findings from asthma research, and highlighting how recent examples of integrative approaches are building bridges to ensure that the power of emerging sources of data, coupled with rigorous scientific scrutiny, can lead to a more nuanced understanding of asthma.