bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF CULTIVAR ON THE EFFICIENCY OF FUNGICIDES IN CONTROLLING POWDERY MILDEW OF FLAX AND RELATIONSHIP OF AGRONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAITS TO DISEASE SEVERITY
Authors: Alghuthaymi Mousa Abdullah , Aly ALy , Amal Asran , Abd-Elsalam Kamel
Published: April 2021

A two-year field study was conducted at El-Ismailiya, Egypt, to evaluate the fungicides Bellis and Sulphurs applied as a foliar sprays for controlling powdery mildew on six flax cultivars. Disease severity, straw yield, and seed yield were used as criteria for evaluating the performance of fungicide on the tested cultivars. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that each of the fungicides and cultivar was highly significant source of variation (p = 0.000), in disease severity, strae yield, and seed yieled. ANOVA also showed that fungicide x cultivars interaction was a highly significant source of variation (p = 0.000) in disease severity, while it was insignificant in straw and seed yields. Both fungicides were effective in reducing disease severity; however, sulphur surpassed Bellis in increasing straw yield and seed yield. Therefore, linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between agronomic or technological traits and powdery mildew severity (PMS). All traits showed significant negative correlations with PMS after the appliction of fungicides, which suggest that control of late-season powdery mildew could be economically important when PMS on flax cultivars is high.
CYTOLOGICAL STUDY ON RAT ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES AND POSSIBLE PROTECTION OF GINGER (EXTRACT AND NANOPARTICLES) AGAINST ACETAMINOPHEN TOXICITY
Authors: Abdelgayed Sherein Saied , Bakr Alaa F. , EL-Tawil Osama S. , Bakeer Adel M.
Published: April 2021

Ginger is one of most important medicinal plants which used in variable diseases. Recently, ginger nanoparticles have been isolated from ginger extract and exhibited anti-apoptotic activity, hepatoprotective effect against alcohol and may effectively reduce colitis. Our study aimed to compare between the effect of ginger extract and ginger nanoparticles at concentration of 60 µg/ml against hepatotoxicity caused by acetaminophen (APAP; N-acetyl-para-aminophenol) at concentration of 0.1 mg/ml using primary isolated rat hepatocytes. Cytotoxicity was determined by assessing cell viability and leakage of cytosolic enzymes, such as (ALT& AST). Oxidative stress was investigated by measuring levels of MDA and catalase enzymes. The cytopathological lesions were detected by light microscope. Exposure of isolated rat hepatocytes to APAP caused cytotoxicity and oxidative injury, manifested by loss of cell viability and significant increase of enzymes leakages. Also, APAP caused progressive depletion of catalase content and increase in intracellular MDA accumulation, in addition to alteration in histological structures of the cells. Pretreatment of hepatocytes with either GE or GNPs ameliorated the hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and enzymatic leakage induced by APAP. However, GNPs were more effective compared to ginger extract pre-treated hepatocytes.
ANTI-QUORUM SENSING AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF PRUNELLA VULGARIS, SAMBUCUS NIGRA, CALENDULA OFFICINALIS: potential use in food industry
Authors: Tosun Melike Nur , Demirel Zorba Nükhet Nilüfer , Yüceer Yonca
Published: April 2021

With the emergence of health related side effects of synthetic substances, the trend towards natural products has increased and has directed researchers to determine their pharmacological properties. At the same time, the resistance of the microorganisms to the antibiotics used in the treatment revealed that they should be controlled without allowing them to gain resistance. In this study, the total phenolic content, volatile composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-quorum sensing and antitumor activities of Prunella vulgaris, Sambucus nigra and Calendula officinalis extracts were determined. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined by the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) method, volatile component analyses were determined by GC-MS, and antimicrobial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method. Chromobacterium violaceum 026 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens A136 were used to determine the anti-quorum sensing activity. Additionally, the antitumor potential of the extracts was determined by the potato disc method. Prunella vulgaris was the plant with the highest antioxidant capacity, while the extract with the highest antimicrobial activity was determined to be Sambucus nigra against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The results showed that all extracts have anti-quorum sensing properties. Prunella vulgaris was the plant with the highest anti-quorum sensing properties. There was a correlation between the extract concentration and tumor inhibition. The Prunella vulgaris extract was found to have the highest antitumor activity. As a result, it was determined that the plants used in the study have the potential to be used in alternative medicine treatment and can be utilized for the control of microorganisms.
MICROARRAY-BASED ANALYSIS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES FROM NON-CLINICAL SOURCE
Authors: Momoh-Zekeri Asabe Halimat , Kwaga J.K.P , Bello Mohammed , Sackey A.K.B , Larsen A.R
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed to genotyped virulence, toxin and resistance genes of 30 S. aureus isolates from pigs using DNA microarray. The 30 isolates analyzed in this study all belonged to clonal complexes (CC) CC1 (3; 10%), CC5 (3; 10%), CC15 (16; 53.33%) and CC152 (8; 26.66%), respectively. Of antibiotic resistance-associated genes reported; Twenty out of 30 isolates (66.66%) carried the beta-lactamase operon (blaZ/I/R) and the tetracycline resistance gene (tetK), respectively. Also, the macrolide resistance gene (ermA/msrA) were detected in ten isolates (33.33%), the multidrug efflux pump resistance gene (sdrM) was detected in seven isolates (23.33%) and one isolates (3.33%) harboured the chloramphenicol resistance gene (cat). None of the isolates harboured genes conferring methicillin resistance. In terms of genes encoding enterotoxins; seb was detected among all isolates of CC15 while the enterotoxin gene cluster egc and a distinct variant of the enterotoxin A (sea-N315) were detected among isolates of CC5 and CC152, respectively. Two CC152 isolate was positive for genes encoding the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (lukF-PV+lukS-PV). In addition, all the isolates harboured the genes encoding for intracellular adhesion proteins (icaA/C/D) and the biofilm-associated genes (clfA and clfB) except for CC1 isolates. The capsular genes cap5 and cap8 were detected in isolates of CC5 and CC15 while only cap5 was present in CC152 isolates. The study provides detailed genotyping data on the population structure, presence of toxins and antibiotic resistance markers of S. aureus isolates and indicates the importance of the microarray technique in analyzing multiple gene contents of bacteria.
DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PREPARATION AND STORAGE OF VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS FROM KENDU (DIOSPYROS MELANOXYLON ROXB.) FRUIT
Authors: Vivek Kambhampati , Zanthanupuii Baby , Sabyasachi Mishra
Published: April 2021

Kendu is a highly nutritious seasonal fruit widely grown in India. It is a rich source of antioxidants, β-carotene, and phenols. Due to the lack of national recognition, this fruit remains underutilized. A significant portion of the fruit is lost due to its short shelf life and lack of processing technology. In the present work, the development and standardization of technology for various value-added products from kendu were explored to avoid spoilage and wastage of the fruit. Products like kendu nectar, jam, powder, and bar were developed, and the process was developed and optimized for extended shelf life. Chemical preservatives such as sodium benzoate (356.01 ppm) and potassium-meta bisulfate (602.81 ppm) were optimized for pulp preservation. Maximum consumer acceptability and microbial stability of the value-added products were obtained till 90 days of storage when stored at 4±2° C. Effect of microbial, sensorial, and physicochemical properties of products were also investigated for each of their storage conditions. A significant (p< 0.05) decrease in the total phenolic content was observed for all the products during the storage period. The results obtained from consumer acceptability and microbial load revealed that all products remained acceptable for consumption till the end of the storage period. Therefore, kendu fruit can be converted to value-added products during the available season to improve the variety of fruit-based products on the market shelf. This value-addition improves the commercial cultivation of the fruit, nutritional requirements of the people and enhances the livelihood of the locals in terms of economic sustainability.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALLY INTERESTERIFIED VEGETABLE OILS
Authors: Aslam Farhan , Iqbal Sanaullah , Ariq Hafiza Bushra T , Imran Muhammad , Rebezov Maksim , Chumakov Vladimir , Kenijz Nadezhda , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2021

Interesterification is an alternative to partial hydrogenation that helps to manufacture products of a variety of melting properties. When the process is applied to different blends of vegetable oils, redistribution of fatty acids between and within triacyglycerol occurs that changes the physical properties especially the melting characteristics of the vegetable oil blends. For chemical interesterification process, unrefined vegetable oils (soybean oil and cottonseed oils) were obtained from the local industry (United Industries Faisalabad, Pakistan). Different blends of soybean and cottonseed oils were prepared ranging from 100% soybean oil to 100% cottonseed oil in 25% increments (w/w) with different ratios of (100% : 0%, 75% : 25%, 50% : 50%, 25% : 75%, 0% : 100%) respectively. The blended oil portions (500mL) were neutralized and dried. For chemical interesterification sodium methoxide was used as catalyst. At the end of reaction, the catalyst was inactivated and reaction was stopped by the addition of citric acid solution and at the end by the addition of warm water (70-80°C). Interesterified oils were bleached by heating them to 110°C and mixing with bleaching earth and then the hot interesterified oils were filtered and cooled. Physico-chemical properties (refractive index, specific gravity, colour, melting point, free fatty acids, iodine value, peroxide value, saponification value and rancidity) and sensory evaluation (appearance, odor and overall acceptability) of the final product was conducted at 0, 15 and 30 days of interval. The results revealed that refractive index, specific gravity, color, melting point, free fatty acids value, peroxide value and saponification value increased while iodine value decreased with the passage of time. Further studies showed that storage had a highly significant effect on color, melting point, free fatty acids value, iodine value, peroxide value and saponification value. The effect of storage was non-significant for parameters like specific gravity and refractive index.
New data on geology of the Rybalsky Quarry, unique object of geological heritage of Global Significance
Authors: Manyuk Volodymyr V.
Published: April 2021

Among the great variety of geological relics of Ukraine, one of the most attractive is the Rybalsky Quarry, located in the city of Dnipro, and well known outside Ukraine. First of all, it is famous for the Mandrykivski Layers exposed in one of the ridges of the Quarry back in the 1970s, although there are many other important peculiarities of the geological structure of the Quarry which attract scientists from Ukraine, Germany, France, Netherlands, Russia and other countries. There are full data on the history of discovery and survey of the Mandrykivski Layers from their discovery by Valerian Domger in 1882 to current studies that reveal various aspects of geological structure of the Quarry, the results of study of different groups of fossil fauna, compare them with the fauna of the Paris Upper Eocene basin and other well- known locations. Particularly in the Rybalsky Quarry, thanks to the author`s efforts, the Layers received the status of “layers with geographic name”, as confirmed by the decision of Cenozoic Commission of the National Stratigraphic Committee of Ukraine in 2001. New fragments of the section of subaerial and subaqueous deposits of the Quaternary deposits were found and their composition, structure and complete stratigraphic content were studied. The research allows us to consider it typical for the Middle Prydniprovia. Fluvioglacial and lake-glacial deposits of the Dnipro glaciations in the Quarry exposed for the second time in 25 years, but this is the first time when their genetic origin, position in the section and lithological-facies peculiarities were determined. Thick layer of sands embedded on the roof of the Mandrykivski Layers were identified to the fifth or Hadzhybeiska terrace of the Dnipro, in the upper part of which there were notable siliceous-clayey-ferruginous formations or lateral crust (ferruginous crusts). The studies of the layer of brown-green and red-brown clays in the roof of the Mandrykivski layers allows us to presume their marine origin. In this case, they are underwater weathering crust (terra rossa) developed in the process of halmyrolysis or are the product of dissolution of carbonate silt enriched with detritus of mollusks, corals and other inhabitants of the warm Mandrykivske Sea.
Teologia, cultura e literatura: uma análise da hamartiologia implícita na obra Hamlet, de Shakespeare, a partir da teologia da fronteira de Paul Tillich
Authors: Santos Samuel Rodrigues dos , Lages Brayan De Souza
Published: April 2021

Analisar seletas questões hamartiológicas contidas em Hamlet – a partir de uma abordagem dialógica entre Teologia, Cultura e Literatura – é o objetivo central do artigo em tela. Desse modo, o mesmo se inicia com caráter preambular – ou antes de andar – elencando e esclarecendo alguns fatores que construíram o background  do cenário em que vivia Shakespeare. Num segundo momento, este artigo se projeta á delinear a teologia tillichiana, aclarando, sumariamente, dois conceitos clássicos de seu labor – Teologia da Cultura e Coragem de Ser –; chegando ao fim, onde se propõe correlações entre as ansiedades ou angustias de Hamlet e as respostas de Tillich, como também se argui, sobre o problemático suicídio de Ofélia.
Jizo Bosatsu, Protetor das Crianças
Authors: De Souza Vitor Chaves , Tada Elton Sadao , Muller Verônica Regina
Published: April 2021

O artigo resgata credos da tradição budista japonesa sobre Jizo Bosatsu, o protetor das crianças, a fim de interpretar, inicialmente, o lugar da infância na religião e na cultura japonesa. Para isso, o texto apresenta a origem e o conceito de Jizo Bosatsu, sua história e o nascimento da Terra Pura do Buda Amida como projeto salvífico de um dos ramos mais populares do budismo no Japão. Para entender o papel de Jizo Bosatsu, a pesquisa, portanto, utilizou o referencial filosófico de Paul Tillich a respeito da aproximação necessária entre religião e cultura enquanto chave hermenêutica para o tema. Conclui, ao final, que as crianças, enquanto seres sencientes, também possuem igual importância daqueles que já dominam a linguagem e a confissão religiosa, encontrando, assim, um lugar digno para a infância na sociedade.
Teologia das religiões em perspectiva protestante
Authors: Gonçalves Alonso
Published: April 2021

O artigo tem como preocupação a temática da Teologia das Religiões a partir da perspectiva protestante como uma contribuição do debate para o contexto latino-americano. A abordagem se faz necessária, quando há uma constatação de uma quase ausência do tema na reflexão teológica protestante na América Latina, havendo, por outro lado, o desenvolvimento da temática por teólogos e teólogas católicas com um certo dinamismo e produção acadêmica de qualidade. Ainda que o protestantismo tenha contribuído para a reflexão teológica das religiões, constatamos uma maior disseminação do conteúdo teológico de autores que forneceram caminhos para se pensar uma Teologia das Religiões que tenha como ponto de partida a tradição protestante. É nesse sentido que esse artigo se faz pertinente, quando procura fornecer alguns temas trabalhados por teólogos protestantes visando uma melhor aproximação teológica e dialógica com as demais tradições religiosas.
Outcomes of liver transplantation in the era of modern antiviral therapy for hepatitis C
Authors: Kokina K. Yu. , Malinovskaya Yu. O. , Moysyuk Ya. G.
Published: April 2021

The emergence of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has become the basis for a new potential treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, who previously had no other alternative than liver transplantation (LT). However, optimal timing of antiviral therapy (AVT) remains an issue. Objective: to present a spectrum of clinical outcomes in LT waitlisted patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, who received and did not receive DAA therapy. Materials and methods. Enrolled for the study were 49 waitlisted patients with HCV-related end-stage liver diseases. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included 40 patients who received DAA therapy before LT, while Group 2 consisted of 9 patients who did not receive antiviral treatment while on the LT waiting list. Results. The sample was represented in most cases by patients who had MELD/Na score <20. Only six had MELD/Na score >20, but <25. At the time of analysis, 38 patients had reached 12 weeks post AVT. Of these, 35 (92.1%) had sustained virologic response (SVR). Of these, 51.4% (n = 18) of cases showed decreased MELD/Na. There were no changes in 22.9% (n = 8). Increased MELD/Na was noted in 25.7% (n = 9). In 42.8% (n = 15) of cases, sustained elimination of HCV infection led to delisting. Among patients without SVR, increased MELD/Na was observed in all cases (n = 3). In the non-AVT group, one patient showed improved liver function (11.1%); in the rest, MELD/Na either remained stable or continued to increase - 44.5% (n = 4). A comparison of the frequency of deaths depending on AVT showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001, V = 0.728). Among the non-AVT patients, the likelihood of waitlist death increased 66.5 times (95% CI: 7.99-554). Conclusion: DAA therapy carries significant advantages for waitlisted patients with MELD/Na score <25.
Implantation of a cardiac contractility modulator in chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation: results of a 6-month follow-up of one hundred patients
Authors: Uskach T. M. , Sapelnikov O. V. , Safiullina A. A. , Grishin I. R. , Amanatova V. A. , Akchurin R. S. , Tereshchenko S. N.
Published: April 2021

Aim: to study the effect of cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and methods. In a group of 100 patients with CHF and AF, the following studies were performed before implantation of the CCM and after 6 months of follow-up: 12-channel ECG, transthoracic Echocardiography, 6-minute walk test, determination of the level of pro-natriuretic N-terminal peptide (NT-proBNP), and a questionnaire based on the Minnesota quality of life questionnaire for patients with CHF (MHFLQ). All patients received long-term optimal medication therapy for CHF before surgery. Results. The results show a positive effect of the use of MCC in patients with CHF and AF on reverse LV remodeling, functional class of CHF, and levels of NT-pro-BNP regardless of the form of AF. Conclusion. The use of MCC may be a promising treatment method in addition to optimal medication therapy in patients with CHF and AF.
In vivo assessment of the biocompatible properties of resorbable porous materials for pleural implantation
Authors: Vasileva I. A. , Sevastianov V. I. , Tokaev K. V. , Zyuza Yu. R. , Grigoriev T. E. , Tokaev T. K. , Bikbaev A. S. , Tokaev V. K. , Zagoskin Yu. D. , Lukanina K. I. , Chvalun S. N.
Published: April 2021

Correcting the pleural cavity space or filling large residual cavities (up to 500-700 cm3), arising as a result of extensive combined resections of the lung or extrapleural pneumolysis in tuberculosis and other lung diseases, still remains a challenging issue. The surgical methods used to correct the pleural cavity space are traumatic in nature. Moreover, various biological and synthetic materials used are not effective enough. Objective: to conduct an in vivo study of the biocompatible properties of laboratory samples of porous materials based on polylactide (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) as potential materials for pleural implants development, as part of the general problem of developing a resorbable porous implant for intra- and extrapleural implantation and in situ formation of a «biological filling» to correct the volume of the pleural cavity. Materials and methods. In vivo subcutaneous implantation was performed in Wistar rats. The experiment involved the following samples: No. 1 - 3.0%; No. 2 - 4.0%; No. 3 - 1.7%. The ratio of the polymers in the solution was, respectively: 3/1, 1/3 and 1/1 PLA/PCL. Highly porous implants were obtained by lyophilization. The porosity of the samples ranged from 96.0% to 98.3%. The Young's modulus was from 100 to 1800 kPa. In the control group, a Mentor silicone implant shell was used. The explantation time was 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, 14 weeks. Histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of explants and surrounding local tissues were conducted. Results. Reaction of local tissues to the implantation of three types of samples of different composition from PLA/PCL, accompanied by material resorption processes, replacement by fibrous tissue, vascularization and encapsulation, without perifocal inflammation and reactive changes, indicates the biocompatibility of the materials studied. In control samples with silicone implant, a long-lasting perifocal reaction from eosinophilic leukocytes was revealed, which prevents us from excluding the possibility of an allergic reaction to the implant material in the surrounding tissues. Conclusion. In vivo experiments on the small animals show the biosafety and high biocompatibility of laboratory samples of bioresorbable highly porous matrices based on polylactide and polycaprolatcon as potential materials for development of pleural implants. Further studies with scaling of laboratory samples and a detailed study of the dynamics of biodegradation of porous matrices in vivo in large animals are required. The need for further improvement in laboratory samples of bioresorbable pleural implants is associated with giving the porous matrices antibacterial, bioactive and X-ray contrast properties.
Severe coral bleaching of Siderastrea stellata at the only atoll in the South Atlantic driven by sequential Marine Heatwaves
Authors: Gaspar Tainá L. , Quimbayo Juan P. , Ozekoski Renan , Nunes Lucas T. , Aued Anaide W. , Mendes Thiago C. , Garrido Amana G. , Segal Bárbara
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Threatened by global warming and extreme climatic events, such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Marine Heatwaves (MHW), coral reefs worldwide faced the worst bleaching and mortality event between 2014 and 2017, induced by the 2015/2016 ENSO. We evaluated the impacts of ENSO and MHW episodes on bleaching and mortality frequencies of Siderastrea stellata at Rocas Atoll, Southwestern Atlantic, using visual censuses conducted in 2016, 2017 and 2019. Bleaching rate varied significantly along the sampling period (11.71% in 2016, 1.52% in 2017, and 88% in 2019), but mortality was always less than 4%. Bleaching events in Atlantic reefs have been constantly associated with ENSO, until these recent events of the last two years. We suggest that MHW were probably the primary driver of the observed bleaching, especially in 2019, when much higher bleaching rates were observed than in ENSO periods. Although Southwestern Atlantic massive corals are considered more resistant to thermal stress than reefs corals worldwide, the strong events registered since 2019 highlight the need for continuous monitoring to better understand coral bleaching dynamics and improve predictions on the effects of global change in the region.
Lizards from the Alto Sertão region of Sergipe state, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Rocha Stéphanie Menezes , De-Carvalho Crizanto Brito , Freitas Evellyn Borges de , Santos Rafael Alves , Santana Daniel Oliveira , Borzani Anna Carolina Nogueira , Faria Renato Gomes , Colli Guarino Rinaldi , Mesquita Daniel Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Abstract We present the first detailed inventory of the lizard fauna of Alto Sertão region, west of Sergipe state, based on three field expeditions carried out by the authors and specimens deposited at the Herpetological Collection of Universidade Federal de Sergipe. The three inventories were carried out between 2010 and 2016, in the municipalities of Canindé de São Francisco, Poço Redondo, Monte Alegre de Sergipe, Nossa Senhora da Glória, and Porto da Folha. In total, we sampled 9,485 lizards of 19 species (10 families) of which 10 are new records for the study area. The most abundant species were Ameivula ocellifera, Tropidurus hispidus and T. semitaeniatus. Thirteen species were considered as widely distributed in Caatinga, five presented a relictual distribution and one was exotic. We suggest that future research focus mainly on non-sampled areas and should prioritize the municipalities of Gararu, Nossa Senhora da Glória and Nossa Senhora de Lourdes since they are localities with little or no sampling records.
Association between failure in otoacoustic emissions and risk indicator for hearing loss
Authors: Botasso Kátia de Cássia , Lima Maria Cecília Pinheiro Marconi , Correa Carlos Roberto Silveira
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the results of a neonatal hearing health program and verify whether there is an association between the presence of risk indicators for hearing loss and failure in the tests and diagnosis. Methods: a one-cohort, observational, retrospective study with secondary data contained in a spreadsheet concerning the family’s sociodemographic condition, clinical history, and examination results of 7,800 participants who were submitted to hearing screening between 2010 and 2016. Absolute frequency and percentages were used in the description of the first and second stages. In the association between risk indicators and failures in the otoacoustic emissions, the odds ratio, confidence interval, and significance level at 0.5% were used. Results: the risk indicators in 8 out of the 12 infants presented with hearing loss were ototoxic medication and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, whereas the likelihood of failure in the otoacoustic emissions occurred along with 11 indicators. The likelihood of a diagnosis of hearing loss was 13 times greater when there was a risk indicator, 18 times greater when an ototoxic medication had been used, and 16.62 times greater when they stayed in ICUs. Conclusion: the results show that knowing the indicators leads to considering the actions the team in charge should take.
Proposal for a body balance training program for children through an integrative literature review
Authors: Romero Marta de Vargas , Mota Helena Bolli , Nóro Letícia Arruda , Santos Filha Valdete Alves Valentins dos
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify, in the literature, the proposals to rehabilitate the vestibular function, so as to propose a training program for body balance for children. Methods: this article sought studies that proposed to rehabilitate or train body balance in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) databases, in addition to digital sources from Brazilian public universities. As descriptors, the terms “rehabilitation”, “balance” and “child” were used, combined with the Boolean operator AND. The variables analyzed were: public submitted to the intervention, number of subjects and age group, number and frequency of sessions, number and/or time of execution of the exercise, duration of the session and the program. Results: 17 (60.74%) articles were Brazilian, 14 (50%) used the Cawthorne and Cooksey protocol, 9 (32.14%) studied children, and the majority (67.85%) organized the program in weeks. A body balance training program, stimulating the three body balance systems, consisting of 30-minute sessions twice a week for 7 weeks, totaling 14 sessions, was developed. Conclusion: the analysis of the variable related to the protocol/strategy to rehabilitate the vestibular function indicated that no study proposed the stimulation of the three body balance systems, with no standardization for children, adults and the elderly. A vestibular function rehabilitation program was developed for children, with stimulation of these three systems, expanding the therapeutic possibilities in this area.
Photobiomodulation in speech-language-hearing therapy: a profile of professional practice and the level of information of Brazilian speech-language-hearing therapists
Authors: Correia Paula Rayana Batista , Coêlho Julyane Feitoza , Freire Maria Louize Justino , Almeida Larissa Nadjara Alves , Pernambuco Leandro de Araújo , Alves Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: to know the profile of Brazilian speech-language-hearing (SLH) therapists and their level of information on the use of low-level laser photobiomodulation. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted with a self-administered online questionnaire related to the professional education, work, and knowledge of SLH therapists on low-level laser photobiomodulation. Two hundred sixty-one speech-language-hearing therapists of both sexes participated in the research. The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the speech-language-hearing therapists had graduated predominantly 10 to 20 years before, their highest degree was mainly specialization, and most of them worked in the fields of oral-motor functions, dysphagia, voice, language, and audiology. Most of them knew photobiomodulation and its use in SLH therapists; also, they agreed on using a low-level laser as a therapeutic resource. Even so, most did not use it in clinical practice, although those who did, reported greater patient adherence. Statistical significance was verified for the association between laser use and access to resolution number 541 of the Federal Speech-Language-Hearing Council, time in the profession, main specialization, and required qualification. Conclusion: the participating speech-language-hearing therapists showed knowledge on low-level laser photobiomodulation and its applicability. However, most of these professionals did not use the resource yet.
Latent structure evidence of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales - Short Form
Authors: ROCHA Luiz Fellipe Dias da , HERNANDEZ José Augusto Evangelho , FALCONE Eliane Mary de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales - Short Form in a Brazilian sample. The instrument was answered online by 250 university students. The following models were tested through Confirmatory Factor Analysis: one-dimensional, three oblique factors, hierarchical, and bifactor. The estimated indices showed a better adjustment for a bifactor model composed of three specific factors and one global factor. Additional statistical analysis, such as explained common variance and omega hierarchical estimates, indicated that the measure is predominantly one-dimensional. The results also indicated evidence of convergent validity (Average Extracted Variance between 0.48 and 0.60), internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha between 0.87 and 0.94) and temporal reliability of the instrument (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient between 0.64 and 0.74).
A Metodologia Mora no Tema: infância e cultura em pesquisa
Authors: Pereira Rita Ribes
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Este texto tem por objetivo problematizar a relevância do tema na atividade de pesquisa, mais especificamente, na construção da metodologia. As Ciências Humanas e Sociais são ciências discursivas e a voz dos interlocutores - o pesquisador e a criança - têm ocupado a centralidade na construção metodológica. A proposta deste texto é ampliar esse debate deslocando o foco para um terceiro elemento crucial na constituição dessa alteridade e que, muitas vezes, é pensado de forma apartada da metodologia: o tema. A problematização é feita a partir da análise de cinco pesquisas do campo interdisciplinar dos estudos da infância e assenta-se na filosofia da Linguagem de Walter Benjamin e do círculo de Mikhail Bakhtin e Valentin Volochnov.
Morpho-physiological performance of Mikania glomerata Spreng. and Mikania laevigata Sch. Bip ex Baker plants under different light conditions
Authors: Contin Daniele Ribeiro , Habermann Eduardo , Alves Vani Maria , Martinez Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT (Morpho-physiological performance of Mikania glomerata Spreng. and Mikania laevigata Sch. Bip ex Baker plants under different light conditions). In tropical and subtropical zones, lianas play important roles in the process of ecological succession. This study aims to evaluate the photosynthetic and morpho-physiological performance between two lianas species from Mikania genus in response to different levels of radiation: full sun (I0), 25% (I25), 50% (I50), and 75% (I75) retention of solar radiation flux. Plants grown under I75 showed a reduced net photosynthetic rate (A). We observed dynamic photoinhibition at I0 during hours of high irradiation and temperature. The highest and lowest leaf chlorophyll content occurred at I75 and I0, respectively, while carotenoids/total chlorophyll and leaf thickness increased under I0. Total dry mass was higher in plants grown at I0 and I25. However, A values and biomass production of Mikania laevigata were higher at I25, while for Mikania glomerata greater biomass accumulation was observed between I0-I50. Therefore, we concluded that M. laevigata and M. glomerata have different morpho-physiological performances under same the radiation conditions.
Brioflora do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina, de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Lima Jéssica Soares de , Peralta Denilson Fernandes
Published: April 2021

RESUMO (Brioflora do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil). O Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina está localizado entre os Estados de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro, sendo o único PARNA do Estado de São Paulo. Foram encontradas 485 espécies de briófitas, sendo Lejeuneaceae a família com a maior riqueza encontrada, com 93 espécies. Para os musgos, a família Bryaceae apresentou 23 espécies. Encontramos 47 espécies como novas ocorrências para o Estado de São Paulo. Dentre todas as espécies coletadas, 43% possuem ocorrência restrita à Mata Atlântica, 31% são endêmicas do Brasil e 155 espécies apresentam ocorrência rara no Brasil. Estes números mostram a importância deste Parque para a preservação das espécies de briófitas do país e para a realização de futuros trabalhos na área.
Validade baseada nos processos de resposta do trilhar – instrumento de triagem do vocabulário infantil
Authors: Barbosa Alexandre Lucas de Araújo , Azoni Cíntia Alves Salgado
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar as evidências de validade baseadas nos processos de resposta de um instrumento de triagem do vocabulário. Método Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, aplicado em uma amostra de 133 crianças entre 3 e 7 anos de idade, subdivididos em cinco grupos de acordo a faixa etária. O instrumento sobre o qual se trata a pesquisa é o TRILHAR, que visa a triagem do vocabulário receptivo e expressivo, composto por dez fichas de atividades para cada idade-alvo. Os dados coletados focaram no tempo de aplicação em minutos e segundos, compreensão das instruções do teste e comportamento do escolar durante a aplicação. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente em relação a média, desvio-padrão e porcentagem por meio do software IBM SPSS Statistics. Resultados O tempo de aplicação foi curto e diminuiu de acordo com a progressão da idade. O tempo médio de aplicação foi de 05m19s para o G1, 04m29s para o G2, 04m11s para o G3, 03m40s para o G4 e 02m13s para o G5. Apenas um sujeito (4,8%) do G2 necessitou de repetição das instruções no vocabulário receptivo e dois (6,3%) do G4 no vocabulário expressivo. Foi verificada pequena ocorrência de comportamentos como desinteresse, desatenção e agitação. Conclusão Foi verificado que o tempo de aplicação do instrumento necessita de um curto período de tempo, sendo mais dispendiosa no grupo de crianças com três anos de idade. A baixa necessidade de repetição das instruções indica que o instrumento apresenta fácil compreensão por parte da criança.
Determining the healthy lifestyle behaviors and e-health literacy levels in adolescents
Authors: Eyimaya Aslihan Öztürk , Özdemir Funda , Tezel Ayfer , Apay Serap Ejder
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study is to determine the healthy lifestyle behaviors and e-health literacy levels of adolescents. Method A descriptive research design was used in this study. It was conducted with a total of 390 students in the Faculty of Health Sciences. The data were collected using a personal information form, the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II and the e-Health Literacy Scale for Adolescents. For data analysis, descriptive analyses, t-test, variance, Kruskal-Wallis, the Mann-Whitney U and Pearson Correlation tests were used. Necessary approvals were obtained to conduct this study. Results The present study found that the e-Health Literacy Scale mean score of adolescents was 27.51 and their HLBS-II mean score was 129.01. A positive significant relationship was found between the e-health literacy and healthy lifestyle behavior in adolescents. Conclusion This study emphasizes the importance of e-health literacy in developing nursing procedures designed to increase the healthy lifestyle behaviors of adolescents.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS: PERCEPÇÃO E PRÁTICAS DOS PROFESSORES EM ESCOLAS SUSTENTÁVEIS
Authors: Oliveira Neyla Cristiane Rodrigues de , Oliveira Francisca Carla Silva de , Carvalho Denis Barros de
Published: April 2021

A Educação Ambiental (EA) emerge como um dos caminhos para fomentar discussões sobre as Mudanças Climáticas (MC) no contexto escolar. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se investigar como professores da educação básica, em um contexto socioambiental, trabalham as MC e percebem seus impactos, assim como o potencial da EA sobre a problemática climática. Esta pesquisa possui natureza qualitativa, realizada com 24 professores de 12 instituições da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Teresina (RMET), participantes do Programa Nacional de Escolas Sustentáveis (PNES). Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados e os dados categorizados conforme Análise de Conteúdo. Constatou-se que os educadores relacionam MC às alterações no clima, e a elevação da temperatura foi o impacto mais percebido (54,2%), seguidos de perda da biodiversidade e fluxos migratórios. Apresentaram conceitos naturalistas de EA, vinculação do termo “Mudanças Climáticas” às disciplinas de Ciências e Geografia; 71% dos docentes utilizam atividades de sensibilização ambiental nas aulas para abordar as MC e a interdisciplinaridade tem promovido mudanças nas práticas pedagógicas. Com relação ao Fridays For Future, 62,5% dos docentes desconheciam o movimento, mas demonstraram interesse em conhecê-lo e 83,3% dos professores estão dispostos a apoiar eventos como este na escola. Portanto, é importante desenvolver ações de EA que instiguem o pensamento crítico dos alunos, contribuam para mudanças de comportamento e tomada de decisão frente a problemática ambiental. Isso deve ocorrer não apenas em escolas sustentáveis, mas de forma integral e continuada em todas as escolas.
Empagliflozin Inhibits Proximal Tubule NHE3 Activity, Preserves GFR, and Restores Euvolemia in Nondiabetic Rats with Induced Heart Failure
Authors: Borges-Júnior Flávio A. , Silva dos Santos Danúbia , Benetti Acaris , Polidoro Juliano Z. , Wisnivesky Aline C.T. , Crajoinas Renato O. , Antônio Ednei L. , Jensen Leonardo , Caramelli Bruno , Malnic Gerhard , Tucci Paulo J. , Girardi Adriana C.C.
Published: April 2021

Significance Statement

SGLT2 inhibitors represent a class of drugs that were originally developed for improving glycemic control. Cardiovascular outcome trials designed to evaluate cardiovascular safety yielded unexpected and unprecedented evidence of the cardiorenal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms underlying these effects. Our study demonstrates that SGLT2 inhibition is associated with the restoration of euvolemia in nondiabetic heart failure (HF) rats by preserving GFR and renal mass and inhibiting proximal tubule NHE3-mediated sodium reabsorption. The attenuation of kidney dysfunction may constitute an essential mechanism by which SGLT2 inhibitors attenuate HF development and progression in either the presence or absence of diabetes.

Background

SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of heart failure (HF) mortality and morbidity, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying this benefit remain unclear. Experiments with nondiabetic HF rats tested the hypothesis that the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin (EMPA) inhibits proximal tubule (PT) NHE3 activity and improves renal salt and water handling.

Methods

Male Wistar rats were subjected to myocardial infarction or sham operation. After 4 weeks, rats that developed HF and sham rats were treated with EMPA or untreated for an additional 4 weeks. Immunoblotting and quantitative RT-PCR evaluated SGLT2 and NHE3 expression. Stationary in vivo microperfusion measured PT NHE3 activity.

Results

EMPA-treated HF rats displayed lower serum B-type natriuretic peptide levels and lower right ventricle and lung weight to tibia length than untreated HF rats. Upon saline challenge, the diuretic and natriuretic responses of EMPA-treated HF rats were similar to those of sham rats and were higher than those of untreated HF rats. Additionally, EMPA treatment prevented GFR decline and renal atrophy in HF rats. PT NHE3 activity was higher in HF rats than in sham rats, whereas treatment with EMPA markedly reduced NHE3 activity. Unexpectedly, SGLT2 protein and mRNA abundance were upregulated in the PT of HF rats.

Conclusions

Prevention of HF progression by EMPA is associated with reduced PT NHE3 activity, restoration of euvolemia, and preservation of renal mass. Moreover, dysregulation of PT SGLT2 may be involved in the pathophysiology of nondiabetic HF.
El Yapımı Patlayıcıların ve Patlayıcı Maddelerin Tespitinde Kullanılan Spektroskopi Tabanlı Yöntemlerin Karşılaştırılmasına İlişkin Bir İnceleme
Authors: YÜKSEL Seniha Esen , KÜÇÜK Sefa , TEKELİ Vedat , KILIÇ Birol , KARAKAYA R.hamza , ZEKA Murat Berkay
Published: April 2021

El Yapımı Patlayıcılar (EYP) ve patlayıcı maddeler nedeniyle her yıl binlerce kişi ölmekte, yaralanmakta ve psikolojik olarak zarar görmektedir. Ülkeler ulusal güvenliklerini sağlamak maksadıyla muazzam çaba sarf etmekte ve EYP’lere karşı tedbirler geliştirebilmek için hatırı sayılır harcamalar yapmaktadırlar. En güçlü orduların bile tespiti için çözüm geliştirmekte zorlandığı EYP’ler, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri için de büyük bir problem oluşturmaktadır. Son yıllarda ülkemizdeki terör eylemlerinde de sıklıkla kullanılması nedeniyle EYP ile mücadele her geçen gün daha çok önem kazanmaktadır. Satıh altına gömülmüş bir patlayıcı maddenin tespit edilmesi; arazi yapısı, çevre koşulları, iklim yapısı ve gömülü maddenin özellikleri hakkında bilgi edinilmesini gerektiren zorlu bir süreçtir. Tespit yönteminin kullanılacağı arazi şartları, ihtiyaç duyulan uzaklık, hassasiyet ve süre gibi pek çok değişken sebebiyle standart bir EYP tespit yöntemi bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle dünyada çok çeşitli yöntemler üzerine birçok çalışma yürümektedir. Fakat patlayıcı maddeleri tespit ederken kullanılan her teknik ve usul faydalı olamamakta ve doğru sonuç vermemektedir. Tespit edilmesi arzulanan patlayıcı maddenin cinsine, çevresel etkenlerine, mesafesine, zemin altındaki derinliğine, kimyasal bileşenlerine vb. faktörlere göre en uygun tekniğin seçilmesi icap etmektedir. Bu makalede, önce patlayıcı ve EYP’ler hakkında genel bilgi verilmiş, kimyasal yapıları ve tespit teknolojileri incelenmiştir. Daha sonra da EYP tespitinde kullanılan spektroskopi tabanlı dört yöntem ele alınmış, hangi durumlarda kullanılabilir olacakları, avantajları ve dezavantajları incelenmiştir. Otomatik ve temassız olarak kullanabilecek ve elektromanyetik spektrumun (EM) farklı alanlarına yoğunlaşarak patlayıcı tespitine farklı pencerelerden bakan bu yöntemler şunlardır: (i) Hiperspektral Görüntüleme, (ii) Fourier Dönüşüm Kızılötesi (FT-IR) Spektroskopisi, (iii) Terahertz Teknolojisi, (iv) Lazer Etkileşimli Plazma Spektroskopisi (LIBS). Bu yöntemler, yığın veya iz patlayıcı bulmadaki başarıları, laboratuvar ortamında veya operasyonel olarak kullanımları ve insan sağlığına etkileri açısından değerlendirilmişlerdir. Son olarak da patlayıcı ve EYP’lerin otomatik tespitinde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar verilmiş ve bu alandaki gelişmelerin geleceği tartışılmıştır.
Involvement of International Organizations for Ending the Syrian Civil War
Authors: SOYDEMİR Abdullah
Published: April 2021

This article has been prepared in the light of a current tragedy with global impact: Syrian Civil War. The rationale and importance of this research lie on the requirement to study the involvement of some international organizations for ending the crisis. This can make a significant contribution to the literature as it addresses a substantial topic in the field. The purpose of this study is to make analyses and assessments about the practicality of some scenarios into the civil war. In this regard, total six scenarios (UN Only, NATO Only, NATO-UN Together, NATO-EU Together, Coalition Forces (TUR, the US, Russian Federation (RF) and Regional Organizations) have been clarified. Upon these scenarios, qualitative research method and comparative design have been followed. Conclusions could be drawn on whether any possible related scenarios would be reasonable, decisive and coherent with regional realities, current capabilities and international dynamics. At the end of the research, it has been concluded that most of these scenarios would not be applicable, reasonable and successful in Syria and could even worsen the current situation and trigger wider conflicts in the Middle East. However, a coalition of Turkey, the US and RF, although it is difficult to establish, comes out as the best scenario to end the civil war. This scenario covers most of the conditions required to end the civil war, establish a unified, democratic and peaceful Syria and restore peace, order and stability in post-civil war environment in the Middle East.