bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein causes aberrant differentiation in human neural progenitor cells
Authors: Sunamura Naohiro , Iwashita Shinzo , Enomoto Kei , Kadoshima Taisuke , Isono Fujio
Published: July 2018

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by transcriptional silencing of the FMR1 gene during embryonic development with the consequent loss of the encoded fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). The pathological mechanisms of FXS have been extensively studied using the Fmr1-knockout mouse, and the findings suggest important roles for FMRP in synaptic plasticity and proper functioning of neural networks. However, the function of FMRP during early development in the human nervous system remains to be confirmed. Here we describe human neural progenitor cells (NPCs) as a model for studying FMRP functions and FXS pathology. Transcriptome analysis of the NPCs derived from FMR1-knockout human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) showed altered expression of neural differentiation markers, particularly a marked induction of the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). When induced to differentiate, FMRP-deficient neurons continued to express GFAP, and showed less spontaneous calcium bursts than the parental iPSC-derived neurons. Interestingly, the aberrant expression of GFAP and the impaired firing was corrected by treatment with the protein kinase inhibitor LX7101. These findings underscore the modulatory roles of FMRP in human neurogenesis, and further demonstrate that the defective phenotype of FXS could be reversed at least partly by small molecule kinase inhibitors.
In-situ ATR-FTIR for dynamic analysis of superhydrophobic breakdown on nanostructured silicon surfaces
Authors: Vrancken Nandi , Li Jiaqi , Sergeant Stefanie , Vereecke Guy , Doumen Geert , Holsteyns Frank , Chen Chang , Terryn Herman , De Gendt Stefan , Xu XiuMei
Published: July 2018

Superhydrophobic surfaces are highly promising for self-cleaning, anti-fouling and anti-corrosion applications. However, accurate assessment of the lifetime and sustainability of super-hydrophobic materials is hindered by the lack of large area characterization of superhydrophobic breakdown. In this work, attenuated total reflectance−Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) is explored for a dynamic study of wetting transitions on immersed superhydrophobic arrays of silicon nanopillars. Spontaneous breakdown of the superhydrophobic state is triggered by in-situ modulation of the liquid surface tension. The high surface sensitivity of ATR-FTIR allows for accurate detection of local liquid infiltration. Experimentally determined wetting transition criteria show significant deviations from predictions by classical wetting models. Breakdown kinetics is found to slow down dramatically when the liquid surface tension approaches the transition criterion, which clearly underlines the importance of more accurate wetting analysis on large-area surfaces. Precise actuation of the superhydrophobic breakdown process is demonstrated for the first time through careful modulation of the liquid surface tension around the transition criterion. The developed ATR-FTIR method can be a promising technique to study wetting transitions and associated dynamics on various types of superhydrophobic surfaces.
Gastrojejunal anastomosis in rats using the magnetic compression technique
Authors: An Yingfeng , Zhang Yanchao , Liu Hao , Ma Sijie , Fu Shan , Lv Yi , Yan Xiaopeng
Published: July 2018

Rats are suitable animal models in which to study the effects of gastric bypass surgery. However, construction of gastrojejunal anastomosis in the rat is technically demanding and is associated with high rate of postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of the magnetic compression technique (MCT) in side-to-side gastrojejunal anastomosis in rats. Thirty male rats underwent gastrojejunal anastomosis using one of three techniques: hand-sewn, magnetic compression using cuboid magnets, and magnetic compression using magnetic rings. The mean anastomosis time using the magnetic compression technique was significantly less than that of the hand-sewn technique (3.6 ± 0.96 and 6.50 ± 1.58 vs. 14.40 ± 2.37 minutes,). The survival rate was highest in animals treated with magnetic compression using cuboid magnets (100%), followed by animals treated with magnetic compression using magnetic rings (90%) and then hand sewing (70%). The mean burst pressure did not differ significantly between the magnetic compression and hand-sewn anastomoses. Anastomoses constructed by magnetic compression were smoother and flatter than hand-sewn anastomoses. The results showed that MCT is a simple and feasible method for gastrojejunal anastomosis in the rat.
High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon
Authors: Butler Emily K. , Rodgers Mary A. , Coller Kelly E. , Barnaby Devin , Krilich Elizabeth , Olivo Ana , Cassidy Michael , Mbanya Dora , Kaptue Lazare , Ndembi Nicaise , Cloherty Gavin
Published: July 2018

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a satellite virus of hepatitis B virus (HBV), infects an estimated 15–20 million people worldwide and confers a greater risk for accelerated progression to liver disease. However, limited HDV surveillance data are available in sub-Saharan Africa where HDV diversity is high. To determine the prevalence and diversity of HDV in Cameroon, serological and molecular characterization was performed on 1928 HBsAg positive specimens selected from retrospective viral surveillance studies conducted in Cameroon from 2010–2016. Samples were screened for HDV antibodies on the Abbott ARCHITECT instrument and for HDV RNA on the Abbott m2000 instrument by research assays. HDV positive specimens with sufficient viral load were selected for genomic sequencing. The seroprevalence of HDV in HBsAg positive samples from Cameroon was 46.73% [95% CI; 44.51–48.96%], with prevalence of active HDV infection being 34.2% [95% CI; 32.09–36.41%]. HDV genotypes 1, 6, 7 and 8 were identified amongst N = 211 sequences, including N = 145 genomes. HDV prevalence is high within the study cohort, indicating that a large portion of HBV infected individuals in Cameroon are at elevated risk for severe hepatitis and death. Collectively, these results emphasize the need for HBV vaccination and HDV testing in HBsAg positive patients in Cameroon.
Slow rewarming improved the neurological outcomes of prolonged mild therapeutic hypothermia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury and an evacuated hematoma
Authors: Kaneko Tadashi , Fujita Motoki , Yamashita Susumu , Oda Yasutaka , Suehiro Eiichi , Dohi Kenji , Kasaoka Shunji , Kuroda Yasuhiro , Kobata Hitoshi , Maekawa Tsuyoshi
Published: July 2018

Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is expected to improve the neurological outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there are no standard protocols for managing the temperature of patients with severe TBI in order to improve their neurological outcomes. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the B-HYPO study, a randomized controlled trial of MTH in patients with TBI in Japan. We evaluated the impact of MTH methods on neurological outcomes. Ninety-seven patients who received MTH were included in the present analyses. The neurological outcomes were compared among subgroups of patients divided by cutoff values for the induction, maintenance, and rewarming times of MTH in all patients, in patients with diffuse injury, and in patients with an evacuated hematoma. The proportion of patients with a good neurological outcome was significantly different between patients with an evacuated hematoma divided into subgroups by the cutoff value of rewarming time of 48 h (>48 h vs. ≤ 48 h: 65% vs. 22%; odds ratio: 6.61; 95% confidence interval: 1.13–38.7, P = 0.0498). Slow rewarming for >48 h might improve the neurological outcomes of prolonged MTH in patients with TBI and an evacuated hematoma. Further studies are needed to investigate the optimal rewarming protocol in patients with TBI.
A platform for phenotypic discovery of therapeutic antibodies and targets applied on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Ljungars A. , Mårtensson L. , Mattsson J. , Kovacek M. , Sundberg A. , Tornberg U-C. , Jansson B. , Persson N. , Emruli V. Kuci , Ek S. , Jerkeman M. , Hansson M. , Juliusson G. , Ohlin M. , Frendéus B. , Teige I. , Mattsson M.
Published: July 2018

Development of antibody drugs against novel targets and pathways offers great opportunities to improve current cancer treatment. We here describe a phenotypic discovery platform enabling efficient identification of therapeutic antibody-target combinations. The platform utilizes primary patient cells throughout the discovery process and includes methods for differential phage display cell panning, high-throughput cell-based specificity screening, phenotypic in vitro screening, target deconvolution, and confirmatory in vivo screening. In this study the platform was applied on cancer cells from patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia resulting in discovery of antibodies with improved cytotoxicity in vitro compared to the standard of care, the CD20-specific monoclonal antibody rituximab. Isolated antibodies were found to target six different receptors on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia cells; CD21, CD23, CD32, CD72, CD200, and HLA-DR of which CD32, CD200, and HLA-DR appeared as the most potent targets for antibody-based cytotoxicity treatment. Enhanced antibody efficacy was confirmed in vivo using a patient-derived xenograft model.
Androgen receptor degradation by the proteolysis-targeting chimera ARCC-4 outperforms enzalutamide in cellular models of prostate cancer drug resistance
Authors: Salami Jemilat , Alabi Shanique , Willard Ryan R. , Vitale Nick J. , Wang Jing , Dong Hanqing , Jin Meizhong , McDonnell Donald P. , Crew Andrew P. , Neklesa Taavi K. , Crews Craig M.
Published: July 2018

The androgen receptor is a major driver of prostate cancer and inhibition of its transcriptional activity using competitive antagonists, such as enzalutamide remains a frontline therapy for prostate cancer management. However, the majority of patients eventually develop drug resistance. We propose that targeting the androgen receptor for degradation via Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) will be a better therapeutic strategy for targeting androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer cells. Here we perform a head-to-head comparison between a currently approved androgen receptor antagonist enzalutamide, and its PROTAC derivative, ARCC-4, across different cellular models of prostate cancer drug resistance. ARCC-4 is a low-nanomolar androgen receptor degrader able to degrade about 95% of cellular androgen receptors. ARCC-4 inhibits prostate tumor cell proliferation, degrades clinically relevant androgen receptor point mutants and unlike enzalutamide, retains antiproliferative effect in a high androgen environment. Thus, ARCC-4 exemplifies how protein degradation can address the drug resistance hurdles of enzalutamide.
Low-temperature, highly selective, highly stable Nb2O5–NiO/Ni-foam catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhao Guofeng , Chai Ruijuan , Zhu Jian , Liu Ye , Lu Yong
Published: July 2018

A Nb2O5–NiO/Ni-foam catalyst engineered from nano- to macro-scale is developed, which is highly active/selective and stable for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene.
A novel sensitive fluorescent probe of S2O82− and Fe3+ based on covalent post-functionalization of a zirconium(iv) metal–organic framework
Authors: Zhu Shu-Yin , Yan Bing
Published: July 2018

A novel sensitive and selective PL probe has been designed and prepared to detect S2O82− and Fe3+ in an aqueous environment by modification of amino groups in the ligand of the MOF UiO-66-NH2 based on a covalent PSM method.
Novel enantiopure monophospholes: synthesis, spatial and electronic structure, photophysical characteristics and conjugation effects
Authors: Oshchepkova Elena , Zagidullin Almaz , Burganov Timur , Katsyuba Sergey , Miluykov Vasily , Lodochnikova Olga
Published: July 2018

A rational and highly efficient method to access lithium 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylphospholide directly from white phosphorus, diphenylacetylene and lithium has been developed.
Polystyrene-heterojunction semiconductor composite spheres prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis process: a recyclable photocatalyst under visible light irradiation for removing organic dyes from aqueous solution
Authors: Guo Xiaofei , Qin Chuanxiang , Zhu Mingyue , Wang Jian-jun , Sun Jun , Dai Lixing
Published: July 2018

The composite photocatalyst can absorb both insoluble and soluble organic dyes and can be recycled easily by filtering.
Unraveling the critical effects of the preoxidation process toward the morphological evolution and intrinsic properties of novel ZnCoMn trimetallic hydroxides
Authors: Vo Truong-Giang , Tai Yian , Chiang Chia-Ying
Published: July 2018

A proof-of-concept aqueous preoxidation-coupled ultrafast electrodeposition is proposed for regulating the electron properties, morphological structure, and catalytic activities of novel trimetallic hydroxides.
Modulation of intestinal epithelium homeostasis by extra virgin olive oil phenolic compounds
Authors: Deiana Monica , Serra Gessica , Corona Giulia
Published: July 2018

Extra virgin olive oil polyphenols concentrate at the intestinal level and, by modulating the microbiota, oxidative status and inflammation, contribute to prevent the onset or delay the progression of inflammatory/degenerative diseases.
Bioinspired hierarchical composite design using machine learning: simulation, additive manufacturing, and experiment
Authors: Gu Grace X. , Chen Chun-Teh , Richmond Deon J. , Buehler Markus J.
Published: July 2018

A new approach to design hierarchical materials using convolutional neural networks is proposed and validated through additive manufacturing and testing.
Re-evaluating how charge transfer modifies the conformation of adsorbed molecules
Authors: Blowey P. J. , Velari S. , Rochford L. A. , Duncan D. A. , Warr D. A. , Lee T.-L. , De Vita A. , Costantini G. , Woodruff D. P.
Published: July 2018

A combined quantitative experimental and theoretical structure determination shows TCNQ is not bent on Ag(111) as expected from conventional wisdom.
Selectfluor-induced C(sp2)–O coupling reaction of N-substituted anilines with hydroxylamine derivatives
Authors: Sun Bin , Yin Shi , Zhuang Xiaohui , Jin Can , Su Weike
Published: July 2018

We developed a novel metal-free method for the construction of C(sp2)–O bonds via oxidative cross-coupling reactions between various N-substituted anilines and hydroxylamine derivatives just using commercially available Selectfluor as an oxidant.
Field-induced slow magnetic relaxation of two 1-D compounds containing six-coordinated cobalt(ii) ions: influence of the coordination geometry
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Yin Lei , Mi Xiuna , Wang Suna , Cao Fan , Wang Zhenxing , Li Yunwu , Lu Jing , Dou Jianmin
Published: July 2018

Two 1-D Co(ii) compounds with different coordination geometries of the same coordination sphere exhibited field-induced slow relaxation magnetization with different D values.
The polysaccharide ofAtractylodes macrocephala koidz(PAMK) alleviates cyclophosphamide-mediated immunosuppression in geese, possibly through novel_mir2 targeting of CTLA4 to upregulate the TCR-NFAT pathway
Authors: Li Wanyan , Xu Danning , Li Bingxin , Cao Nan , Guo Sixuan , Jiang Qingyan , Tian Yunbo
Published: July 2018

The polysaccharide ofAtractylodes macrocephala koidz(PAMK) has been proved to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunity promoting effects.
Surface engineering-modulated porous N-doped rod-like molybdenum phosphide catalysts: towards high activity and stability for hydrogen evolution reaction over a wide pH range
Authors: Chai Liying , Yuan Wenyu , Cui Xue , Jiang Haiying , Tang Junwang , Guo Xiaohui
Published: July 2018

Porous one-dimensional (1D) nitrogen-doped molybdenum phosphide (N-MoP) nanorods can be produced via a two-step synthetic strategy. The prepared N-MoP catalysts show high HER catalytic activities and cyclic stability over a wide pH range.
One-step cathodic electrodeposition of a cobalt hydroxide–graphene nanocomposite and its use as a high performance supercapacitor electrode material
Authors: Rahimi Seyed Abbas , Norouzi Parviz , Ganjali Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2018

In this study, Co(OH)2-reduced graphene oxide has been synthesized using a simple and rapid one-step cathodic electrodeposition method in a two electrode system at a constant current density on a stainless steel plate, and then characterized as a supercapacitive material on Ni foam.
Surface phosphation of 3D mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanowire arrays as bifunctional anodes for lithium and sodium ion batteries
Authors: Qiu Wenda , Xiao Hongbing , He Wenting , Li Juanhua , Luo An , Li Yu , Tong Yexiang
Published: July 2018

A novel surface phosphate strategy was adopted to dramatically improve the charge transport, ion diffusion, electroactive sites, and cycle stability of mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanowire arrays (NWAs), drastically boosting their electrochemical properties.
A new solvothermal method for the synthesis of size-controlled YAG:Ce single-nanocrystals
Authors: Dantelle Géraldine , Testemale Denis , Homeyer Estelle , Cantarano Alexandra , Kodjikian Stéphanie , Dujardin Christophe , Hazemann Jean-Louis , Ibanez Alain
Published: July 2018

This modified solvothermal method, combined with in situ photoluminescence measurements, allows the synthesis of well-crystallized size-controlled YAG:Ce nanocrystals.
One-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MnO2 and g-C3N4/SnO2 hybrid nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Kavil Jithesh , Anjana P. M. , Periyat Pradeepan , Rakhi R. B.
Published: July 2018

Incorporation of MnO2 nanostructures as spacers enhances the electrochemical energy storage performance of g-C3N4. The g-C3N4/MnO2 composite electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 174 F g−1.
Equally probable positive and negative Poisson's ratios in disordered planar systems
Authors: Verstreken Christophe M. , Chalut Kevin J. , Blumenfeld Raphael
Published: July 2018

Disordered systems exhibit positive and negative Poisson's ratios with equal probability on the element and system scales.
A metallic MoS2 nanosheet array on graphene-protected Ni foam as a highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution cathode
Authors: Zhu Peng , Chen Yu , Zhou Yu , Yang Zhixiong , Wu Di , Xiong Xiang , Ouyang Fangping
Published: July 2018

In situ growth of metallic MoS2 nanosheets on G/NF as a high efficient HER electrode.
Increasing the thermoelectric power factor of solvent-treated PEDOT:PSS thin films on PDMS by stretching
Authors: Jeong Myeong Hoon , Sanger Amit , Kang Sung Bum , Jung Yeon Soo , Oh In Seon , Yoo Jung Woo , Kim Gun Ho , Choi Kyoung Jin
Published: July 2018

PEG-treated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) exhibited an enhanced power factor with increased strain.
Atomic layer deposited zinc oxysulfide anodes in Li-ion batteries: an efficient solution for electrochemical instability and low conductivity
Authors: Sinha Soumyadeep , Ramasamy Hari Vignesh , Nandi Dip K. , Didwal Pravin N. , Cho Jae Yu , Park Chan-Jin , Lee Yun-Sung , Kim Soo-Hyun , Heo Jaeyeong
Published: July 2018

Superior performance of ALD-ZnOS anodes in Li-ion batteries with optimum mass loading as compared to both ZnO and ZnS.
Three-dimensional flower-like phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 with a high surface area for visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Haiyong , Zhou Yuming , Wang Yanyun , Hu Saichun , Wang Beibei , Liao Qiang , Li Haifang , Bao Jiehua , Ge Gaoyang , Jia Shukun
Published: July 2018

Flower-like phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 with a high surface area was synthesized using cyanuric acid–melamine supramolecular precursors which were absorbed by phosphoric acid.
Biochemical characterization of Plasmodium complement factors binding protein for its role in immune modulation
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Kumar Gautam , Vashishta Mohit , Pandey Rajan , Rathore Sumit , Chourasia Bishwanath K. , Singhal Jhalak , Deshmukh Arunaditya , Kalamuddin Md , Paul Gourab , Panda Ashutosh , Tatiya Shreyansh , Rawat Khushboo , Gupta Dinesh , Mohmmed Asif , Natarajan Krishnamurthy , Malhotra Pawan
Published: July 2018

Complement system is the first line of human defence against intruding pathogens and is recognized as a potentially useful therapeutic target. Human malaria parasite Plasmodium employs a series of intricate mechanisms that enables it to evade different arms of immune system, including the complement system. Here, we show the expression of a multi-domain Plasmodium Complement Control Protein 1, PfCCp1 at asexual blood stages and its binding affinity with C3b as well as C4b proteins of human complement cascade. Using a biochemical assay, we demonstrate that PfCCp1 binds with complement factors and inhibits complement activation. Active immunization of mice with PfCCp1 followed by challenge with Plasmodium berghei resulted in the loss of biphasic growth of parasites and early death in comparison to the control group. The study also showed a role of PfCCp1 in modulating Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signalling and effector responses on antigen-presenting cells. PfCCp1 binds with dendritic cells that down-regulates the expression of signalling molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby dampening the TLR2-mediated signalling; hence acting as a potent immuno-modulator. In summary, PfCCp1 appears to be an important component of malaria parasite directed immuno-modulating strategies that promote the adaptive fitness of pathogens in the host.
A regulatory circuitry comprising TP53, miR-29 family, and SETDB1 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Bifeng , Wang Jingdong , Wang Jieling , Wang Huan , Gu Xiuli , Tang Liang , Feng Xianhong
Published: July 2018

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high fatality rate and causes great harm to human economic life. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. With the rapid development of epigenetic study in the last decade, the understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer and the development of personalized treatment of lung cancer are picking up pace. Previous studies showed that miR-29 family members (miR-29s; miR-29a, -29b, and -29c) are down-regulated in most human cancers, including NSCLC, but their biological roles in tumorigenesis and their regulation mechanism are still not fully elucidated. Herein, we reported that the miR-29a, -29b and, -29c were coincidently down-regulated in NSCLC, and the histone H3K9 methyltransferase SET domain, bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) was directly targetted by miR-29s. Moreover, SETDB1 negatively regulated the expression of TP53 and overexpression of SETDB1 down-regulating the expression of miR-29s, while TP53 positively regulated the expression of miR-29s and overexpression of TP53 down-regulated the expression of SETDB1. On the other side, as a downstream target of TP53, the H3K9 methyltransferase Suv39h1 was also down-regulated by miR-29s via up-regulating TP53 expression. The further detection of H3K9 methylation status after changes in miR-29s expression revealed that they negatively regulated the levels of H3K9 di- and trimethylation in NSCLC. Collectively, our findings highlight a TP53/miR-29s/SETDB1 regulatory circuitry and assign a role of H3K9 methylation regulator to miR-29s, which may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of NSCLC.
Four winters of photometry with ASTEP South at Dome C, Antarctica
Authors: Crouzet N. , Chapellier E. , Guillot T. , Mékarnia D. , Agabi A. , Fanteï-Caujolle Y. , Abe L. , Rivet J.-P. , Schmider F.-X. , Fressin F. , Bondoux E. , Challita Z. , Pouzenc C. , Valbousquet F. , Bayliss D. , Bonhomme S. , Daban J.-B. , Gouvret C. , Blazit A.
Published: July 2018

Context. Dome C in Antarctica is a promising site for photometric observations thanks to the continuous night during the Antarctic winter and favorable weather conditions.

Aims.We developed instruments to assess the quality of this site for photometry in the visible and to detect and characterize variable objects through the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets (ASTEP) project.

Methods. Here, we present the full analysis of four winters of data collected with ASTEP South, a 10 cm refractor pointing continuously toward the celestial south pole. We improved the instrument over the years and developed specific data reduction methods.

Results. We achieved nearly continuous observations over the winters. We measure an average sky background of 20 mag arcsec−2 in the 579–642 nm bandpass. We built the lightcurves of 6000 stars and developed a model to infer the photometric quality of Dome C from the lightcurves themselves. The weather is photometric 67.1 ± 4.2% of the time and veiled 21.8 ± 2.0% of the time. The remaining time corresponds to poor quality data or winter storms. We analyzed the lightcurves of σ Oct and HD 184465 and find that the amplitude of their main frequency varies by a factor of 3.5 and 6.7 over the four years, respectively. We also identify 34 new variable stars and eight new eclipsing binaries with periods ranging from 0.17 to 81 days.

Conclusion. The phase coverage that we achieved with ASTEP South is exceptional for a ground-based instrument and the data quality enables the detection and study of variable objects. These results demonstrate the high quality of Dome C for photometry in the visible and for time series observations in general.
SPHERE view of Wolf-Rayet 104
Authors: Soulain A. , Millour F. , Lopez B. , Matter A. , Lagadec E. , Carbillet M. , La Camera A. , Lamberts A. , Langlois M. , Milli J. , Avenhaus H. , Magnard Y. , Roux A. , Moulin T. , Carle M. , Sevin A. , Martinez P. , Abe L. , Ramos J.
Published: July 2018

Context. WR104 is an emblematic dusty Wolf-Rayet star and the prototypical member of a sub-group hosting spirals that are mainly observable with high-angular resolution techniques. Previous aperture masking observations showed that WR104 is likely to be an interacting binary star at the end of its life. However, several aspects of the system are still unknown. This includes the opening angle of the spiral, the dust formation locus, and the link between the central binary star and a candidate companion star detected with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) at 1′′.

Aims. Our aim was to directly image the dusty spiral or “pinwheel” structure around WR104 for the first time and determine its physical properties at large spatial scales. We also wanted to address the characteristics of the candidate companion detected by the HST.

Methods. For this purpose, we used SPHERE and VISIR at the Very Large Telescope to image the system in the near- and mid-infrared, respectively. Both instruments furnished an excellent view of the system at the highest angular resolution a single, ground-based telescope can provide. Based on these direct images, we then used analytical and radiative transfer models to determine several physical properties of the system.

Results. Employing a different technique than previously used, our new images have allowed us to confirm the presence of the dust pinwheel around the central star. We have also detected up to five revolutions of the spiral pattern of WR104 in the K band for the first time. The circumstellar dust extends up to 2 arcsec from the central binary star in the N band, corresponding to the past 20 yr of mass loss. Moreover, we found no clear evidence of a shadow of the first spiral coil onto the subsequent ones, which likely points to a dusty environment less massive than inferred in previous studies. We have also confirmed that the stellar candidate companion previously detected by the HST is gravitationally bound to WR104 and herein provide information about its nature and orbital elements.
Searching for the weakest detectable magnetic fields in white dwarfs
Authors: Bagnulo S. , Landstreet J. D.
Published: July 2018

Our knowledge of the magnetism in white dwarfs is based on an observational dataset that is biased in favour of stars with very strong magnetic fields. Most of the field measurements available in the literature have a relatively low sensitivity, while current instruments allow us to detect magnetic fields of white dwarfs with sub-kG precision. With the aim of obtaining a more complete view of the incidence of magnetic fields in degenerate stars, we have started a long-term campaign of high-precision spectropolarimetric observations of white dwarfs. Here we report the results obtained so far with the low-resolution FORS2 instrument of the ESO VLT and the medium-resolution ISIS instrument of the WHT. We have considered a sample of 48 stars, of which five are known magnetic or suspected magnetic stars, and obtained new longitudinal magnetic field measurements with a mean uncertainty of about 0.6 kG. Overall, in the course of our survey (the results of which have been partially published in papers devoted to individual stars) we have discovered one new weak-field magnetic white dwarf, confirmed the magnetic nature of another, found that a suspected magnetic star is not magnetic, and suggested two new candidate magnetic white dwarfs. Even combined with data previously obtained in the literature, our sample is not sufficient yet to reach any final conclusions about the actual incidence of very weak magnetic fields in white dwarfs, but we have set the basis to achieve a homogeneous survey of an unbiased sample of white dwarfs. As a by-product, our survey has also enabled us to carry out a detailed characterisation of the ISIS and the FORS2 instruments for the detection of extremely weak magnetic fields in white dwarfs, and in particular to relate the signal-to-noise ratio to measurement uncertainty for white dwarfs of different spectral types. This study will help the optimisation of future observations.
Aeroelastic Stability of Labyrinth Seal with Different Structure Parameters
Authors: Nengmao Wang , Yanrong Wang
Published: July 2018

Numerical analysis of turbomachinery based on energy method is used to predict the aeroelastic stability of the straight-through labyrinth seal by solving aerodynamic work and damping. The aeroelastic stability of the labyrinth seal under different working conditions and vibration modes has been compared. It's found that the increase of pressure ratio leads to the greater possibility of aeroelastic instability. The periodic distribution of the aerodynamic work in the circumferential direction of the labyrinth seal corresponds to the number of vibrating nodal diameters. In order to investigate the influence of structure parameters, the effect of relative thickness of the tooth tip, the width of the seal cavity and the eccentricity of the rotor on the aeroelastic stability of the labyrinth seal has been studied. The result of numerical calculation shows that the change of the structural parameters can affect the aeroelastic stability of the labyrinth seal to a certain extent, and can be applied in the structural optimization.
Integrated Guidance System of a Commercial Launch Vehicle
Authors: Zosimovych Nickolay , Xiaodong Niu , Raj Alex Noel Joseph , Simeone Alessandro , Peng Xiongbin
Published: July 2018

This paper proposes a concept of integrated on-board navigation systems for commercial launch vehicles in the context of the current task, and provided mathematical models of its elements for different variants of designing structure and composition. Has been set and simulated the technical problem of the conceptual design of an integrated navigation system for the space launch vehicle qualified to insert small artificial Earth satellites into low and medium circular orbits with application of GPS technologies.
Electrodynamics of electric power transmission and losses in devices of electric transport systems
Authors: Kostin Mykola
Published: July 2018

For the first time, the “field” approach for explaining the processes of transmission and generation of electric power losses in devices of electric transport systems is described and theoretically substantiated on the basis of the theory of electromagnetic field. The results of the solution of the system of electromagnetic field equations show that it is energetically appropriate to design low-floor types of electric rolling stock. A qualitative view of electric power flows arriving through the air of the feeder zone from the traction substation and entering to the electric rolling stock through the roof and the front part of its body is presented. It is established that the main flow of energy enters through the roof porcelain insulator. At the same time, the electromagnetic waves partly penetrate into the metal surfaces of roof and frontal part of the body, and partially they are reflected from them creating losses of active power. The results of calculations of these losses, power factor and reactive power factor of the electric locomotive roof are shown. The relation between the standing waves, formed in the feeder zone, and the reactive power consumed by the electric rolling stock is established.
Modelling of operation of a stationary energy storage device in metro rail transport for selection of its parameters
Authors: Radu Petru Valentin , Szeląg Adam
Published: July 2018

The paper presents a Simulink model of a DC metro traction supply system with a stationary energy storage device (SESD). The simulation model consists of traction substations, a train model, and an energy storage device (ESD) with supercapacitors (SC). A new energy management strategy considering the line voltage and current, SC state of charge (SOC) and SC charging and discharging current is proposed. This method can improve the energy savings and manage the remaining energy. Simulation results provided in this paper justify the control method. The proposed model can be used with different ESD, such as batteries.
Batteries in a vehicle – conditions, capabilities and limitations
Authors: Biczel Piotr Julian , Kwiatkowski Maciej
Published: July 2018

Electric buses are now seen as the primary means of public transport in cities. However, their exploitation is associated with a number of limitations. The article presents the problem of battery use in buses. The design differences between the vehicle with the internal combustion engine and the electric motor are discussed. In particular, authors compared the number of passengers that both types of buses can take, as well as the difference in vehicle mass and range, and the reasons for these differences. The types of electrochemical cells that can be used to power vehicles and their basic features are presented. The article focuses on the NMC, LFP, LTO and LIC type cells. Next, the battery pack structure and its components were described. The specific energies of cells and batteries constructed from these cells were compared. Next, the most important features of the vehicle equipped with batteries with various types of cells are discussed. The mass, range, charging time and cycle lifetime of the batteries were compared. The basic dependence was noted: the greater the specific energy, the smaller the number of battery cycles. So if the bus has to take more passengers, it must have light batteries, which should be frequently charged, which requires high cyclic lifetimes.
Experimental verification of visual method for measuring displacements of contact line elements
Authors: Skibicki Jacek
Published: July 2018

The increase of rail vehicles speed, as well as the increase of their power, puts high demands on the power delivery system for traction vehicles The most critical point in the vehicle's power supply circuit is the contact between the current collector and contact wires. Ensuring a reliable co-operation of the current collector and contact line, requires technical development of the contact line and current collector construction, as well as improvement of diagnostic systems of these components. This is translated into the need to develop new measurement methods, which allow for more complete definition of the parameters of these elements of traction vehicle power supply system. Each new measurement method requires verification, performed by calibrating or comparing the results with another measurement method which has already been tested. The article presents results of experimental verification of a visual method for measuring the displacement of contact wires, with a proven method based on short range laser rangefinders and calliper as reference measurement.
Effect of the supply voltage fluctuations on the efficiency of the technique of shaping the current spectrum generated by VSI traction drive
Authors: Steczek Marcin
Published: July 2018

The issue of interfering influence of traction vehicles on railway traffic control systems is a serious problem posing a threat to railway traffic safety. This issue is gaining in importance as more and more vehicles equipped with traction inverters are put into service. Current harmonics generated by traction vehicles equipped with voltage source inverters can be controlled in such a way that they do not exceed the limits imposed by railway operators. One of the current harmonic control techniques, proposed by the authors, is the use of a combination of SHE (Selective Harmonic Elimination) and SHM (Selective Harmonic Mitigation) techniques to control the traction voltage source inverter. In this article, the author present the results of investigations on the influence of supply voltage fluctuations on the efficiency of shaping techniques of the current harmonic spectra taken from the DC network by VSI traction drive system, using the SHE and SHM modulation techniques. Regarding the fact that in 3 kV DC electric traction systems, fluctuations of the vehicle's supplying voltage are accepted in a wide range, it is necessary to determine the influence of voltage changes on the proposed modulation techniques. The research object is a simulation model of traction drive which consisting of an asynchronous motor fed by a voltage source inverter. The simulation model was verified by the means of measurements performed at a low scale laboratory stand. Analysis of the tested techniques when supplying voltage is fluctuating, allows to evaluate their usefulness in real operating conditions. The results obtained for SHE and SHM techniques were compared with SPWM modulation.
Carbonitriding: kinetic modeling of ammonia and acetylene decomposition at high temperature and low pressure
Authors: Vyazmina Elena , Sheng Jie , Jallais Simon , Bustamante-Valencia Lucas , Bruchet Pierre , Richard Frederic P.
Published: July 2018

The process of carbonitriding is similar to the process of carburization yet with additional ammonia to increase the hardness of the metal surface. Carbonitriding is performed at approximately 850 °C–880 °C, which is lower compare to carburizing and low pressure (10–50 mbar). The process consists of two stages: decomposition of ammonia and diffusion of “activated nitrogen”, and decomposition of acetylene and diffusion of carbon. The decomposition of acetylene is a very complex phenomenon, depending on the temperature, pressure and residence time (the time of presence of acetylene in a furnace). Different reaction products form: small molecules (H2, CH4, C2H4, C6H6, etc.), fine-crystalline graphite (the one that diffuses into the metal surface), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), soot etc. The current investigation is based on detailed kinetic modeling (using Chemkin 17.1) of the acetylene decomposition in the atmosphere of a reactor. For this modeling three different comprehensive mechanisms from the literature are considered: the mechanism of K. Norinaga (including 227 species, 827 reactions), the mechanism of T. Bensabath (including 364 species, 1245 reactions) and the mechanism of C. Saggese (including 350 species, more than 10,000 reactions). Comparison of simulation results with experimental data from the literature showed good agreement, demonstrating their applicability for modeling of industrial process. A parametric study suggests the best parameters for acetylene decomposition in a furnace.
La fluidité dans un cabinet d’orthodontie. Pourquoi, pour qui, comment ?
Authors: Race P.
Published: July 2018

La recherche de la fluidité dans un cabinet d’orthodontie doit être un axe de réflexion impératif. La fluidité est une qualité qu’il faut viser car elle est synonyme d’efficacité et de confort et, par voie de conséquence, de rentabilité.

Cette rentabilité n’est pas exclusivement financière. Elle est aussi au niveau de l’humain. Elle permet à chaque membre de l’équipe d’apporter le meilleur de lui même dans sa fonction. Et lorsqu’une équipe est performante, les patients le ressentent. Un patient satisfait est la meilleure publicité qu’un cabinet puisse avoir. Pourquoi s’en priver ?
Démarche éco-responsable : l’orthodontie « Green »
Authors: Pourrat F. , Pourrat F.
Published: July 2018

La démarche éco-responsable dans les cabinets dentaires et plus particulièrement orthodontiques est plutôt discrète, tout comme l’est la participation des PME.

La règlementation actuelle oblige à mettre en place des éléments allant dans le sens de la démarche éco-responsable : ERP, radiations ionisantes, déchets de soins, etc.

Aujourd’hui il nous faut aller plus loin.

Nous donnerons les éléments nécessaires à la mise en place de la démarche ainsi que des exemples d’actions à mettre en oeuvre pour participer au développement durable.
Blood meal identification in the cryptic species Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii using MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Tandina Fatalmoudou , Laroche Maureen , Davoust Bernard , K Doumbo Ogobara , Parola Philippe
Published: July 2018

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has recently emerged in entomology as a technique to identify arthropods and their blood meal source. In this study, female Anopheles gambiae were fed on five host blood sources: ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), binturong (Arctictis binturong), springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), jaguar (Panthera onca) and Hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas), while Anopheles coluzzii were fed on three hosts: dromedary (Camelus dromedarius), Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) and pig (Sus scrofa). We obtained the MS spectra from 240 engorged mosquito abdomens and selected high quality ones from 72 mosquito abdomens to upgrade our home-made database. We excluded from the analysis any spectra of low quality (n = 80), and the remaining 88 specimens were subjected to a blind test analysis against the home-made database. We obtained 100% correct identification of the blood meal source for the specimens collected, 1, 12 and 24 h post-feeding, whereas for the specimens collected 36 h post-feeding, the correct identification rate decreased dramatically. We confirm here that MALDI-TOF MS can be used to identify the blood meal origin of freshly engorged mosquitoes, which opens new perspectives for further studies, including the impact of the mosquito species on blood meal identification.
Prävalenzen von Depressionen bei Erwachsenen – eine vergleichende Analyse bundesweiter Survey- und Routinedaten
Authors: Grobe Thomas G. , Kleine-Budde Katja , Bramesfeld Anke , Thom Julia , Bretschneider Julia , Hapke Ulfert
Published: July 2018

Ziel der Studie Prävalenzschätzungen für Depression zeigen in Primär- vs. Sekundärdaten divergente Ergebnisse. Ursachen liegen u. a. in der Betrachtung verschiedener Indikatoren zu abweichenden Zeitpunkten. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Depressionshäufigkeiten in Survey- und Routinedaten für einen vergleichbaren Erhebungszeitraum und Altersbereich ermittelt. Unterschiede zwischen den Datenquellen und den Depressionsmaßen werden untersucht.

Methodik Drei Indikatoren werden für das Jahr 2010 gegenübergestellt: im Bevölkerungssurvey erhobene a) selbstberichtete ärztliche Diagnosen, b) Diagnosen in standardisiertem klinischen Interview sowie c) in Routinedaten einer gesetzlichen Krankenkasse administrativ erfasste Diagnosen. In Sensitivitätsanalysen werden privat versicherte Surveyteilnehmende sowie Versicherte mit Pflegebedarf aus den Routinedaten ausgeschlossen. Die Definition der administrativen Depressionsdiagnose wird variiert je nach Kodierhäufigkeit und Diagnosespezifität.

Ergebnisse Die höchste Prävalenzrate zeigt sich mit 9,8% für administrativ erfasste Depressionen, die niedrigste mit 5,9% für die selbstberichtete Depressionsdiagnose im Survey. Die Prävalenz der im klinischen Interview erhobenen Depression beträgt 8,4%. Es zeigen sich jeweils spezifische alters- und geschlechtsabhängige Verteilungen. Bleiben unspezifische Depressionsdiagnosen (F3x.8, F3x.9) unberücksichtigt, sinkt die administrative Prävalenzrate deutlich ab.

Schlussfolgerung Je nach Definition der administrativen Depressionsdiagnose reduzieren sich Prävalenzunterschiede im Vergleich zur selbstberichteten Diagnose. Differenzen zu Prävalenzen basierend auf klinischem Interview bleiben hingegen bestehen und weisen auf die Erfassung unterschiedlicher Personengruppen hin.
Separation of the 5- and 6-Carboxy Regioisomers of ROX and JOE Dyes with Examples of N-(3-Azidopropyl)amide Synthesis
Authors: Baleeva Nadezhda , Zagudaylova Marina , Baranov Mikhail
Published: July 2018

Despite the widespread applications of various rhodamine and fluorescein 5- and 6-carboxy derivatives, the preparation of their pure regioisomers, in particular cases, remains a complex task. In the present paper we propose optimized approaches to the synthesis and separation of these isomers of ROX and JOE dyes, and also demonstrate their applicability in the synthesis of the corresponding N-(3-azidopropyl)amides.
Surgical Treatment of Dysphagia Lusoria Caused by Right-Aortic Arch with Kommerell Diverticulum: Left Heart Bypass without Subclavian Revascularization
Authors: Camporrotondo Mariano , Ricapito Paz , Espinoza Juan , Piccinini Fernando , Vrancic Mariano , Avegliano Gustavo , Navia Daniel
Published: July 2018

The authors present the case of a 26-year-old patient suffering from dysphagia because of compression by a Kommerell diverticulum in right aortic arch anomaly. Open surgical arch and descending aorta replacement with left heart bypass without left subclavian artery reimplantation was performed.
Anatomic Revascularization of the Celiac Trunk and the Superior Mesenteric Artery
Authors: Ugurlucan Murat , Aksakal Nihat , Onal Yilmaz , Oztas Didem , Alpagut Ufuk
Published: July 2018

Chronic atherosclerotic mesenteric ischemia is a debilitating disorder. It may cause postprandial abdominal pain leading to severe weight loss. Patients are usually emotionally affected with major depression. The disease can be treated with open surgical and endovascular techniques and both methods have individual risks and benefits. In this report, the authors present anatomical revascularization of the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunk.
Right Iliac Artery—Inferior Vena Cava Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Rossi Umberto , Torcia Pierluca , Rollandi Gian , Cariati Maurizio
Published: July 2018

This report describes a case of elderly patient with right iliac artery fissured pseudoaneurysm, leading to inferior vena cava arteriovenous fistula that was treated by covered stent device deployed at the level of the right iliac pathologic segment.
Endovascular Thoracoabdominal Replacement after Total Abdominal Aortic Debranching
Authors: Ugurlucan Murat , Onal Yilmaz , Sayin Omer , Ekiz Feza , Oztas Didem , Basaran Murat , Acunas Bulent , Alpagut Ufuk
Published: July 2018

Marfan syndrome is an inherited connective tissue disorder affecting mainly eyes and skeletal and cardiovascular systems. Cardiovascular involvement may lead to life-threatening aortic pathologies including aneurysms and/or dissections. In this report, the authors present images of a patient with Marfan syndrome with a history of Bentall-De Bono procedure followed by aortic arch and infrarenal aortoiliac replacements who strongly refused conventional open repair and underwent abdominal debranching followed by thoracoabdominal endovascular stent grafting for the treatment of thoracoabdominal aneurysm.