bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Neuroecosocial Perspective on Adolescent Development
Authors: Choudhury Suparna , Piera Pi-Sunyer Blanca , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne
Published: August 2023

Adolescence is a period of life that encompasses biological maturation and profound change in social roles. It is also a period associated with the onset of mental health problems. The field of developmental cognitive neuroscience has advanced our understanding of the development of the brain within its immediate social and cultural context. In a time of rising rates of mental health problems among adolescents across the globe, it is important to understand how the wider societal, structural, and cultural contexts of young people are impacting their biological and social-cognitive maturation. In this article, we review the landscape of youth mental health and brain development during adolescence and consider the potential role of brain research in understanding the effects of current social determinants of adolescent mental health, including socioeconomic inequality, city living, and eco-anxiety about the climate crisis.
Effects of Synthesized Silver Nanoplate Structures on the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2
Authors: Hecker Burkhard , Robens Elisabeth , Valencia Helen E. , Windmüller Anna , Muench Falk , Meledina Maria , Tempel Hermann , Kungl Hans , Mayer Joachim , Eichel Rüdiger-A.
Published: August 2023

Using a tunable electroless nanoplating reaction, different silver structures including two nanoplate-based structures were synthesized, characterized and tested as catalysts to improve the electrochemical reduction of CO2 towards CO. Relative to a planar polycrystalline silver surface, the faradaic efficiency to CO was significantly improved, from 7% to 67% at −0.6 V vs RHE and from 51% to 97% at −1.0 V vs RHE, decreasing the parasitic evolution of hydrogen and formate. By comparing the catalytic performance of three intensively characterized silver structure types, namely high aspect ratio nanoplates, particulate nanoplate clusters, and interconnected grain-like particles, in-depth insights into various effects that influence the observed reactions are presented. In particular, at low potentials and high current densities, the catalytic performance is more related to the electrochemical surface area and local transport effects. The obtained results demonstrate the relevance of structural control in electrocatalysts and the special effects of nanoplate structures. Thus, our findings provide a useful groundwork for the practical design of electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
Covariational reasoning and item context affect language in undergraduate mass balance written explanations
Authors: Shiroda Megan , Doherty Jennifer H. , Scott Emily E. , Haudek Kevin C.
Published: August 2023

This article builds on the work of Scott et al. (Scott EE, Cerchiara J, McFarland JL, Wenderoth MP, Doherty JH. J Res Sci Teach 1: 37, 2023) and Shiroda et al. (Shiroda M, Fleming MP, Haudek KC. Front Educ 8: 989836, 2023) to quantitatively examine student language in written explanations of mass balance across six contexts using constructed response assessments. These results present an evaluation of student mass balance language and provide researchers and practitioners with tools to assist students in constructing scientific mass balance reasoning explanations.
Asymmetry of flow in aortic root and its application in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Authors: Francis Nadine , Hosny Mohammed , Yacoub Magdi H. , Parker Kim H.
Published: August 2023

The aortic root is a vital organ responsible for performing sophisticated functions to regulate the blood flow dynamics during the cardiac cycle. Such synchronized complex performance affects and is affected by the flow symmetry and type of flow reaching the aorta. Here, we report flow asymmetry in the aortic root which could have clinical implications, and we investigate the potential of various quantitative parameters as measures of flow asymmetry in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
Impact of ischemic heart disease and cardiac rehabilitation on cerebrovascular compliance
Authors: Coombs Geoff B. , Al-Khazraji Baraa K. , Suskin Neville , Shoemaker J. Kevin
Published: August 2023

Post-cardiac event cognitive impairment is common and exercise-based rehabilitation may be an effective intervention to mitigate cognitive decline. Microvascular damage due to high blood pressure pulsatility entering the brain is the putative mechanism of vascular dementia. Whether patients with ischemic heart disease exhibit lower cerebrovascular compliance, and if cardiac rehabilitation can improve cerebrovascular compliance is unknown. We observed that patients with ischemic heart disease have paradoxically higher cerebrovascular compliance, which is not affected by cardiac rehabilitation.
Plectranthus barbatus Leaf Extract-Mediated Synthesis of ZnS and Mg-Doped ZnS NPs: Structural, Optical, Morphological, and Antibacterial Studies
Authors: Al-Hammadi A. H. , Alnehia Adnan , Al-Sharabi Annas , Al-Odayni Abdel-Basit , Abdu Naaser A. Y. , Saeed Waseem Sharaf
Published: August 2023

In the current study, the researchers have explored the influence of doped Mg ions on the optical, morphological, and structural properties of zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles (NPs). The green technique was employed to prepare pure and 2% and 5% Mg-doped ZnS NPs using the Plectranthus barbatus leaf extract as a capping agent. XRD, SEM, FTIR, and UV-visible were used in the investigation process. The XRD results showed that all the synthesized materials have a cubic structure with space group F-43m. The Dav was nearly in the range of 2.02–2.20 nm. The SEM images illustrated that NPs were agglomerated. The UV-visible results showed that the optical bandgap increased as Mg2+ ions increased, which was in the range of 3.81–4.42 eV. The absorption shoulder of the prepared NPs is blue-shifted with increasing dopant concentration. The FTIR spectrum gives characteristic peaks for Zn-S bonds and asserts NPs’ formation. The antibacterial check against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains revealed that pure and Mg-doped ZnS NPs have higher activity for both bacterial strains. The results have shown that the prepared materials can be used for antibacterial activities and optoelectronic applications.
Effectiveness of Cyanoacrylate in the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Torres Adriana da Silva , Martins Olga Beatriz Lopes , Otoni Rejane Pereira , Henrique Soares Kaio , Torres Marcelo Guimarães , Firoozi Parsa , Flecha Olga Dumont
Published: August 2023

Objective. To compare the effectiveness of cyanoacrylate to other treatments or placebo in the management of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Materials and Methods. The present review was organized based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The search aimed to answer the following question: is cyanoacrylate effective in the treatment of DH when compared to other treatments or placebo? The following databases were used: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, BVS, Web of Science, Cochrane, Clinicaltrials.gov, Portal Periódicos Capes, Google Scholar, and manual search. The evaluation process started with the information collected from the selected articles according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). Results. Two randomized and five nonrandomized clinical trials were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis. The studies presented different cyanoacrylate formulations, different scales for evaluating pain, and different methods for provoking a painful stimulus. Cyanoacrylate-based products reduce DH in shorter follow-up periods and this reduction persisted throughout the study. The results varied according to the methods used to stimulate the pain. Only two articles showed a low risk of bias and a high level of scientific evidence. Conclusion. Although there is a limited number of studies in the scientific literature with appropriate methodological quality, the available evidence proves the effectiveness of cyanoacrylate in the treatment of DH. Clinical Relevance. Cyanoacrylate is easy to access, effective, easily applicable, and a low-cost product with satisfactory results.
Analysis of the Customer Churn Prediction Project in the Hotel Industry Based on Text Mining and the Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Taherkhani Leila , Daneshvar Amir , Amoozad Khalili Hossein , Sanaei Mohamad Reza
Published: August 2023

The ability of hotels to differentiate themselves from competitors and continue to operate profitably depends on their ability to retain their customers by building long-term and permanent customer relationships. Technological developments in recent years have made it possible for companies to predict their customers’ behavior by accessing their opinions faster and preventing them from churning. Managing customer churn prediction projects has become an important issue today, especially in the hotel industry. Therefore, this research seeks to analyze projects that predict the churn of hotel customers to provide a model to help hotel managers in this field. In this research, an approach based on text mining on customers’ comments in the Persian language is presented, which uses the random forest algorithm for classification that was considered the most effective method to solve this problem. In this model, to increase the efficiency of the proposed method in compare with existing works, the gravitational search algorithm was used to select the useful features, and the differential evolution algorithm was used to adjust the parameters of the classification method. The dataset of this research is the collected data from the customer database on social networks and hotels’ websites, especially the hotels on Kish Island in Iran. The results of this research showed that after the implementation of the preprocessing operations, the method of adjusting the parameters and removing the unimportant features, the model’s accuracy increased significantly. The precision, recall, F1, and accuracy criteria were 0.77, 0.76, 0.76, and 0.77, respectively.
Photobiomodulation at Defined Wavelengths Regulates Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Redox Balance in Skin Fibroblasts
Authors: Baldassarro Vito Antonio , Alastra Giuseppe , Lorenzini Luca , Giardino Luciana , Calzà Laura
Published: August 2023

Starting from the discovery of phototherapy in the beginning of the last century, photobiomodulation (PBM) has been defined in late 1960s and, since then, widely described in different in vitro models. Robust evidence indicates that the effect of light exposure on the oxidative state of the cells and on mitochondrial dynamics, suggesting a great therapeutic potential. The translational scale-up of PBM, however, has often given contrasting and confusing results, mainly due to light exposure protocols which fail to adequately control or define factors such as emitting device features, emitted light characteristics, exposure time, cell target, and readouts. In this in vitro study, we describe the effects of a strictly controlled light-emitting diode (LED)-based PBM protocol on human fibroblasts, one of the main cells involved in skin care, regeneration, and repair. We used six emitter probes at different wavelengths (440, 525, 645, 660, 780, and 900 nm) with the same irradiance value of 0.1 mW/cm2, evenly distributed over the entire surface of the cell culture well. The PBM was analyzed by three main readouts: (i) mitochondrial potential (MitoTracker Orange staining), (ii) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (CellROX staining); and (iii) cell death (nuclear morphology). The assay was also implemented by cell-based high-content screening technology, further increasing the reliability of the data. Different exposure protocols were also tested (one, two, or three subsequent 20 s pulsed exposures at 24 hr intervals), and the 645 nm wavelength and single exposure chosen as the most efficient protocol based on the mitochondrial potential readout, further confirmed by mitochondrial fusion quantification. This protocol was then tested for its potential to prevent H2O2-induced oxidative stress, including modulation of the light wave frequency. Finally, we demonstrated that the controlled PBM induced by the LED light exposure generates a preconditioning stimulation of the mitochondrial potential, which protects the cell from oxidative stress damage.
Vascular and Myocardial Structure and Function in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: The CARDEA Study
Authors: Harnois-Leblanc Soren , McNealis Vanessa , Friedrich Matthias G. , Bigras Jean-Luc , Van Hulst Andraea , Nuyt Anne Monique , Barnett Tracie A. , Benedetti Andrea , Mathieu Marie-Ève , Drapeau Vicky , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Henderson Mélanie
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Despite heightened risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with type 1 diabetes, few studies in this population have investigated the development of CVD using early markers in adolescence. We compared risk factors (blood pressure (BP) and dyslipidemia) and early markers of CVD between adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes and explored effect modification by sex. Methods. Cross-sectional study using data from the CARdiovascular Disease risk in pEdiatric type 1 diAbetes (CARDEA) study. We recruited 100 adolescents with type 1 diabetes at the Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center and 97 adolescents without diabetes (14–18 years). We measured arterial stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, endothelial function by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation test, as well as left ventricular (LV) mass, papillary mass, and wall thickness by cardiac MRI. We used multivariable linear regression models to assess the impact of type 1 diabetes on each outcome adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, adiposity, and familial income. Results. Adolescents with type 1 diabetes had 0.21 standard deviations (SD) (95% CI: 0.04; 0.38) higher diastolic blood pressure z-score (zDBP), 0.21 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.02; 0.40) higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, and 17% (95% CI: 4; 29) higher triglyceride levels and lower endothelial function based on acceleration (−77.4 cm/s2, 95% CI: −133.1; −21.6) compared with adolescents without diabetes. Girls with type 1 diabetes had higher systolic blood pressure z-score (zSBP), and boys with type 1 diabetes had lower LV mass and wall thickness compared to healthy peers. Conclusions. In addition to higher BP and abnormal lipid profiles, adolescents with type 1 diabetes present endothelial dysfunction and alterations in cardiac structure (in boys) compared to adolescents without diabetes, suggesting that CVD prevention should be incorporated into type 1 diabetes management early in the disease.
Management of Neonatal Diabetes due to a KCNJ11 Mutation with Automated Insulin Delivery System and Remote Patient Monitoring
Authors: Lee Ming Yeh , Gloyn Anna L. , Maahs David M. , Prahalad Priya
Published: August 2023

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a monogenic form of diabetes. Management of hyperglycemia in neonates with subcutaneous insulin is challenging because of frequent feeding, variable quantity of milk intake with each feed, low insulin dose requirements, and high risk for hypoglycemia and associated complications in this population. We present a case of NDM in a proband initially presenting with focal seizures and diabetic ketoacidosis due to a pathologic mutation in the beta cell potassium ATP channel gene KCNJ11 c.679G > A (p.E227K). We describe the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), insulin pump, automated insulin delivery system, and remote patient monitoring technologies to facilitate rapid and safe outpatient cross-titration from insulin to oral sulfonylurea. Our case highlights the safety and efficacy of these technologies for infants with diabetes, including improvements in glycemia, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness by shortening hospital stay.
Pro-905, a Novel Purine Antimetabolite, Combines with Glutamine Amidotransferase Inhibition to Suppress Growth of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
Authors: Lemberg Kathryn M. , Ali Eunus S. , Krecmerova Marcela , Aguilar Joanna Marie H. , Alt Jesse , Peters Diane E. , Zhao Liang , Wu Ying , Nuha Naziba , Asara John M. , Staedtke Verena , Pratilas Christine A. , Majer Pavel , Rais Rana , Ben-Sahra Issam , Slusher Barbara S.
Published: August 2023

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are highly aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas that arise from neural tissues and carry a poor prognosis. Previously, we found that the glutamine amidotransferase inhibitor JHU395 partially impeded tumor growth in preclinical models of MPNST. JHU395 inhibits de novo purine synthesis in human MPNST cells and murine tumors with partial decreases in purine monophosphates. On the basis of prior studies showing enhanced efficacy when glutamine amidotransferase inhibition was combined with the antimetabolite 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), we hypothesized that such a combination would be efficacious in MPNST. Given the known toxicity associated with 6-MP, we set out to develop a more efficient and well-tolerated drug that targets the purine salvage pathway. Here, we report the discovery of Pro-905, a phosphoramidate protide that delivered the active nucleotide antimetabolite thioguanosine monophosphate (TGMP) to tumors over 2.5 times better than equimolar 6-MP. Pro-905 effectively prevented the incorporation of purine salvage substrates into nucleic acids and inhibited colony formation of human MPNST cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Pro-905 inhibited MPNST growth and was well-tolerated in both human patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and murine flank MPNST models. When combined with JHU395, Pro-905 enhanced the colony formation inhibitory potency of JHU395 in human MPNST cells and augmented the antitumor efficacy of JHU395 in mice. In summary, the dual inhibition of the de novo and purine salvage pathways in preclinical models may safely be used to enhance therapeutic efficacy against MPNST.
Morbidity and Mortality of Very-Low-Birthweight Twin Infants according to Their Sex and the Sex of the Co-Twin: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: García-Muñoz Rodrigo Fermin , Urquía Martí Lourdes , Zozaya Nieto Carlos , Galán Henríquez Gloria , Reyes Suárez Desiderio , Avila-Alvarez Alejandro , Figueras Aloy Josep , Vento Maximo
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The concept of male disadvantage regarding the prognosis of premature newborns was introduced more than half a century ago, and it has been corroborated over time. However, the influence of the sex of one twin on the outcomes of the other has yielded contradictory results. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if, in twin pregnancies of VLBW infants, the outcomes of one twin are modified by the sex of the co-twin. Methods: A multicentre retrospective study of a cohort of infants admitted to the collaborating units of the Spanish SEN1500 neonatal network was conducted. Liveborn VLBW twin infants, from 23+0 to 31+6 weeks of gestational age (GA), admitted from 2011 to 2020 were included. Outborn patients, infants with major congenital anomalies, and cases with only one twin admitted were excluded. The main outcomes were survival until first hospital discharge, survival without moderate or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), survival without major brain damage (MBD), and survival without major morbidity. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: 2,111 twin pairs were included. Male infants exhibited worse outcomes than females (IRR; 95% CI) regarding survival (0.96; 0.94, 0.98), survival without moderate or severe BPD (0.89; 0.86, 0.93), survival without MBD (0.94; 0.91, 0.97), and survival without major morbidity (0.87; 0.81, 0.93). Differences disappeared when the co-twin was a female infant: survival (1.00; 0.97, 1.03), survival without moderate or severe BPD (0.96; 0.91, 1.01), survival without MBD (0.99; 0.95, 1.04), and survival without major morbidity (0.94; 0.85, 1.03). Results for female infants did not change significantly with co-twin sex. Conclusions: Among VLBW twins from 23+0 to 31+6 weeks of GA, male infants have higher risk of morbidity and mortality overall. In cases of pregnancies with different-sex foetuses, males seem to improve their results, while these do not change for females. The underlying mechanism of this influence deserves further investigation.
Guia de boas práticas para avaliação de efetividade de medidas de mitigação dos impactos sobre a fauna em rodovias
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Gonçalves Larissa Oliveira , Carra Thales Andrés ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Abra Fernanda ,   Centro de Conservação e Sustentabilidade do Smithsonian, Pina Juliana Moreno ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Cavaglieri Vanessa Suzana ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Mengardo Ana Luisa Tondin ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Giorgi Camilo Fragoso ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Bernstein Luna Barreto ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Mendonça Renata Ramos ,   Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, Ferraz Katia Maria P. M. de Barros ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Published: August 2023

Este documento apresenta orientações para a avaliação de efetividade de medidas de mitigação para redução de colisões entre veículos e fauna e manutenção e recuperação da conectividade da paisagem em rodovias. Ele foi baseado em manuais internacionais, fóruns de discussão multisetoriais e na literatura científi ca da área de Ecologia de Rodovias. Além das orientações apresentadas, esse guia traz exemplos e recomendações de cada item orientativo para o contexto de rodovias em operação. Ainda não há, no Brasil, um guia de boas práticas que possa auxiliar o planejamento desse tipo de avaliação em rodovias. Esse guia foi elaborado como parte de um projeto de pós-doutorado, fi nanciado pelo Programa USP Sustentabilidade da Superintendência de Gestão Ambiental da Universidade de São Paulo. Ele teve a colaboração de técnicos da Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo e tem como objetivo servir de subsídio para elaboração de planos de avaliação de efetividade de medidas de mitigação em rodovias.
In Vivo Dynamic and Static Analysis of Lymphatic Dysfunction in Lymphedema Using Near-Infrared Fluorescence Indocyanine Green Lymphangiography
Authors: Cheon Hwayeong , Lee Sang-Hun , Kim Sang Ah , Kim Bumchul , Suh Hyunsuk Peter , Jeon Jae Yong
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Near-infrared fluorescence indocyanine green lymphangiography, a primary modality for detecting lymphedema, which is a disease due to lymphatic obstruction, enables real-time observations of lymphatics and reveals not only the spatial distribution of drainage (static analysis) but also information on the lymphatic contraction (dynamic analysis).

METHODS:

We have produced total lymphatic obstruction in the upper limbs of 18 Sprague-Dawley rats through the dissection of proximal (brachial and axillary) lymph nodes and 20-Gy radiation (dissection limbs). After the model formation for 1 week, 9 animal models were observed for 6 weeks using near-infrared fluorescence indocyanine green lymphangiography by injecting 6-μL ICG-BSA (indocyanine green-bovine serum albumin) solution of 20-μg/mL concentration. The drainage pattern and leakage of lymph fluid were evaluated and time-domain signals of lymphatic contraction were observed in the distal lymphatic vessels. The obtained signals were converted to frequency-domain spectrums using signal processing.

RESULTS:

The results of both static and dynamic analyses proved to be effective in accurately identifying the extent of lymphatic disruption in the dissection limbs. The static analysis showed abnormal drainage patterns and increased leakage of lymph fluid to the periphery of the vessels compared with the control (normal) limbs. Meanwhile, the waveforms were changed and the contractile signal frequency increased by 58% in the dynamic analysis. Specifically, our findings revealed that regular lymphatic contractions, observed at a frequency range of 0.08 to 0.13 Hz in the control limbs, were absent in the dissection limbs. The contractile regularity was not fully restored for the follow-up period, indicating a persistent lymphatic obstruction.

CONCLUSIONS:

The dynamic analysis could detect the abnormalities of lymphatic circulation by observing the characteristics of signals, and it provided additional evaluation indicators that cannot be provided by the static analysis. Our findings may be useful for the early detection of the circulation problem as a functional evaluation indicator of the lymphatic system.
Abnormal Lymphatic Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling Aggravates Lymphatic Dysfunction and Tissue Inflammation
Authors: Kim Dongeon , Tian Wen , Wu Timothy Ting-Hsuan , Xiang Menglan , Vinh Ryan , Chang Jason Lon , Gu Shenbiao , Lee Seunghee , Zhu Yu , Guan Torrey , Schneider Emilie Claire , Bao Evan , Dixon J. Brandon , Kao Peter , Pan Junliang , Rockson Stanley G. , Jiang Xinguo , Nicolls Mark Robert
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Lymphedema is a global health problem with no effective drug treatment. Enhanced T-cell immunity and abnormal lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) signaling are promising therapeutic targets for this condition. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) mediates a key signaling pathway required for normal LEC function, and altered S1P signaling in LECs could lead to lymphatic disease and pathogenic T-cell activation. Characterizing this biology is relevant for developing much needed therapies.

METHODS:

Human and mouse lymphedema was studied. Lymphedema was induced in mice by surgically ligating the tail lymphatics. Lymphedematous dermal tissue was assessed for S1P signaling. To verify the role of altered S1P signaling effects in lymphatic cells, LEC-specific
S1pr1
-deficient (
S1pr1
LECKO
) mice were generated. Disease progression was quantified by tail-volumetric and -histopathologic measurements over time. LECs from mice and humans, with S1P signaling inhibition, were then cocultured with CD4 T cells, followed by an analysis of CD4 T-cell activation and pathway signaling. Last, animals were treated with a monoclonal antibody specific to P-selectin to assess its efficacy in reducing lymphedema and T-cell activation.

RESULTS:

Human and experimental lymphedema tissues exhibited decreased LEC S1P signaling through S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1). LEC
S1pr1
loss-of-function exacerbated lymphatic vascular insufficiency, tail swelling, and increased CD4 T-cell infiltration in mouse lymphedema. LECs, isolated from
S1pr1
LECKO
mice and cocultured with CD4 T cells, resulted in augmented lymphocyte differentiation. Inhibiting S1PR1 signaling in human dermal LECs promoted T-helper type 1 and 2 (Th1 and Th2) cell differentiation through direct cell contact with lymphocytes. Human dermal LECs with dampened S1P signaling exhibited enhanced P-selectin, an important cell adhesion molecule expressed on activated vascular cells. In vitro, P-selectin blockade reduced the activation and differentiation of Th cells cocultured with
shS1PR1
-treated human dermal LECs. P-selectin–directed antibody treatment improved tail swelling and reduced Th1/Th2 immune responses in mouse lymphedema.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study suggests that reduction of the LEC S1P signaling aggravates lymphedema by enhancing LEC adhesion and amplifying pathogenic CD4 T-cell responses. P-selectin inhibitors are suggested as a possible treatment for this pervasive condition.
Going ‘Humean’ on the Flow of Time
Authors: Callender Craig , Aspirichaga Bosco G.
Published: August 2023

We argue that the problem of the flow of time is a special problem, one unlike many other challenges in reconciling temporal phenomena with time in physics. After clarifying this point, we develop a Humean account of the flow of time according to which the psychological stream of experience explains why we think the world is tensed. On our account, the flow of time is not all inferential, as the invitation to think time flows comes from the deepest aspects of human experience, making it an offer we cannot refuse.
Recognition of Haplothrips jordani (Bagnall); one of the oldest names in the insect Order Thysanoptera
Authors: MOUND LAURENCE A.
Published: August 2023

N/A
Funeralaspis n. gen.: a new odontopleurine trilobite from the early Middle Ordovician (Dapingian) of Death Valley, eastern California, USA, and the classification of Ordovician odontopleurines
Authors: ADRAIN JONATHAN M. , PÉREZ-PERIS FRANCESC
Published: August 2023

Funeralaspis n. gen. (type species F. deathvalleyensis n. sp.) is the oldest known formally named odontopleurine trilobite species, described on the basis of abundant secondarily silicified sclerites of all sclerite types except the rostral plate, from the Dapingian of the Antelope Valley Formation, west flank of the Funeral Range, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California. Many Ordovician odontopleurines have been assigned to Diacanthaspis, to the point that it has become something of a taxon of convenience. All of the potential species are listed along with their provenance, preservation, and represented sclerite types. A core group of Diacanthaspis, termed Diacanthaspis (sensu stricto or s.s.) possibly represents a Laurentian clade, consisting of the type species, D. cooperi, and D. lepidus, D. orandensis, D. scitulus, D. secretus, and possibly D. elapsa and D. parvula. This group is characterized by extreme dorsal spinosity, dorsal accessory spines on the base of the genal spine, pygidial spines with lateral fringes of tiny spines, and thoracic and pygidial ring furrows with fringes of tiny spines. Funeralaspis deathvalleyensis has none of the features characteristic of Diacanthaspis and in general scarcely resembles members of this Upper Ordovician group. Remaining species that have been assigned to Diacanthaspis, some of which are very poorly known, should be reclassified as knowledge of Ordovician odontopleurines advances, but for the present are treated as Diacanthaspis (sensu lato or s.l.). A heretofore nearly unknown species described as Ceratocephala maquoketensis from the early Katian of Howard County, Iowa, has not been commented upon in the literature since it was proposed. It is an odontopleurine which in the current state of knowledge should be assigned to the Diacanthaspis (s.l.) group.
The sunny butterflies: new species of high montane pierids of the Catasticta poujadei group from the Peruvian Andes (Pieridae, Pierinae, Aporiina)
Authors: PYRCZ TOMASZ W. , FÅHRAEUS CHRISTER , BOYER PIERRE , MAHECHA-J. OSCAR , LORENC-BRUDECKA JADWIGA , ZAJĄC KAMILA S. , WILLMOTT KEITH R. , PADRÓN SEBASTIÁN
Published: August 2023

The Catasticta poujadei group, within the subgenus Hesperochoia Reissinger, is revised. Two new species, C. copernicus Pyrcz & Fåhraeus sp. nov., and C. buszkoi Boyer & Pyrcz sp. nov. occurring near the timberline in Junín and Apurímac are described. Catasticta eximia Röber is reinstated as a species separate from C. poujadei, and a new subspecies, C. eximia tapuna ssp. nov., is described. The affinities of the species of the C. poujadei group are evaluated based on COI barcodes. Their distribution and habitats are described.
A new species of Bracon (Braconidae: Braconinae) from central Mexico, probable parasitoid of a weevil that feeds on roots of Argemone ochroleuca Sweet (Papaveraceae)
Authors: ROSA JAIME SOLIS-DE LA , MARTÍNEZ JUAN JOSÉ , BENITES PILAR , HERNÁNDEZ-CUMPLIDO JOHNATTAN , ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN ALEJANDRO
Published: August 2023

A new species of the braconine genus Bracon (subgenus Bracon), B. hidalguensis sp. nov., is described from the locality of Tasquillo in the state of Hidalgo, central Mexico. The new species was reared from roots of Argemone ochroleuca Sweet (Papaveraceae), where specimens of the weevil species Conotrachelus leucophaeus (Champion) (Curculionidae) were also obtained and thus probably it represents its host. The new Bracon species was characterised molecularly with DNA barcoding (COI) and a fragment of the variable D2–3 region of the nuclear ribosomal 28S gene.
The morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera): an atlas of scanning electron micrographs. Part 2. Structure of the mesosoma
Authors: HUBER JOHN T. , BOLTE KLAUS , READ JENNIFER D.
Published: August 2023

This is the second in a series of studies that aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the morphological diversity of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) or fairyflies, a monophyletic family of small parasitic wasps postulated to be the sister group of all other Chalcidoidea. The external morphology of the mesosoma of about 65–75 taxa, representing 55–65% of the 115 currently valid described genera and subgenera, is described and illustrated with almost 269 scanning electron micrographs, including 77 micrographs of the dorsal, 71 micrographs of the lateral, 59 micrographs of the ventral, 53 micrographs of the anterior, and 9 micrographs of the posterior views of the mesosoma. Twenty annotated figures of the external and major internal structures are given. Two appendices list the morphological terms used, and names of the 75 genera and subgenera of Mymaridae illustrated. The variety of characters and their features that could be used to help define morphologically the genera, and possibly also the species, of Mymaridae is discussed.
HOX Antisense Intergenic RNA Inhibitor Loaded on Magnetic Nanoparticles Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression Through miR-20a-5p
Authors: Sun Hui , Zhao Qihao , Ma Shuang , Zhu Aoxun , Zhu Ganhong , Zhang Ping , Pan Guangtao
Published: August 2023

Magnetic nanoparticles are easy to operate and highly efficient and acts as ideal molecular carriers. At the same time, research has found that inhibiting Homeotic Complex Gene transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) can inhibit tumor development. Therefore, this study intends to use magnetic
nanoparticles to carry HOTAIR inhibitors to explore its role in gastric cancer progression. Magnetic nanoparticles loaded with HOTAIR inhibitor and mouse model of gastric cancer were constructed. Serum HOTAIR level was detected by ELISA, tumor volume and mass changes in mice were observed,
and histopathology was assessed by HE staining. The effect of HOTAIR inhibitor loaded magnetic nanoparticles on miR-20a-5p expression and downstream apoptosis genes/proteins was also evaluated. (1) si-HOTAIR is the silent gene of HOTAIR. The obtained si-HOTAIR magnetic nanoparticles were used
in various research groups. It was found that HOTAIR was highly expressed in gastric cancer mice. (2) HOTAIR inhibitor intervention reduced tumor mass and volume, and changed gastric histopathological conditions. (3) HOTAIR inhibitors inhibited the activities of gastric cancer MFC cells, promoted
apoptosis, and downregulated miR-20a-5p. (4) Compared with other groups, miR-20a-5p in the cells of si-HOTAIR-loaded magnetic nanoparticles group was reduced and cancer progression was significantly inhibited. Magnetic nanoparticles loaded with HOTAIR inhibitors have a strong anti-tumor effect
and this effect is achieved by inhibiting miR-20a-5p. At the same time, this process is related to Bcl-2.
Baicalein Protects Against Iron Overload Induced Liver Dysfunction in Thalassemic Mice
Authors: Fan Weimin , Chen Diyu , Yang Yinghong , Zhu Lifen , Feng Yao , Sun Xiaofang
Published: August 2023

Liver iron overload is a common and serious organ injury in β-thalassemia patients. Ferroptosis has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathological injury in iron overloaded hepatocytes. In our study, we focused on the protective effects of baicalein, a natural, active
flavone extracted from an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine against RSL3-induced ferroptosis in hepatocytes and high iron diet (HID) induced liver iron-overload in a murine β654-thalassemia model. In vitro, the effects of baicalein on RSL3-induced hepatocyte
ferroptosis were examined by testing ferroptosis related genes, protein, and the GSH, MDA, iron ion level by RT-PCR, Western blot and the commercial kits respectively. The anti-iron overload injury effects of baicalein were assessed in a β654-thalassemia mouse model
of high iron diet induced liver injury by the same method In vitro experiments. Here, we found that baicalein could reverse cell ferroptosis in hepatocytes treated with RSL3. Importantly, changes in the iron ion content, and MDA and GSH levels in β654-thalassemia
mouse livers were significantly restored by baicalein. Mechanistically, baicalein may activated the NRF2 antioxidant pathway and increased the expression of GPX4 in vivo and In vitro. We concluded that baicalein is a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of iron overload
in β-thalassemia.
Advances in Nanopore and Photoelectron-Based High-Throughput Sequencing Technology for Single-Molecule Sequencing
Authors: Huang Yunqi , Lu Yutong , Song Cailing , Wei Yican , Yang Yuxi , Ren Jie , Wang Meiling , Tang Congli , Riaz Aayesha , Shah Muhammad Ali , Deng Yan , Liu Hongna , Pan Wenjing , Li Song
Published: August 2023

Next-Generation sequencing is a widespread technology of sequencing which is used in genomics research and biotechnology, although it comes with many shortcomings such as short read length or polymerase chain reactions (PCR) bias. In this review, a brief introduction is provided to
the Helicos Biosciences true single-molecule sequencing (tSMS), Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing and Oxford Nanopore single-molecule sequencing technologies. In comparison with both first- and second-generation sequencing technologies, third-generation sequencing
such as nanopore and photoelectron high-throughput sequencing technologies have the advantages of ultra-long read length and no PCR bias, which help to study repetitive regions of the genome and complex structural variants, thus correctly identifying potential gene mutations in various diseases,
and are important for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. This paper focuses on the sequencing principles of nanopore and photoelectron high-throughput sequencing technologies as well as their applications in cancer, pathogen detection and genetic diseases.
Interface Between Grey Brick and Lime Mortar: Chemical Reactions and Resulting Microstructure
Authors: Zhao Peng , Zhang Yun-Sheng , Shen Yang , Li Xin-Jian , Zhu Wei-Wei , Liu Guo-Jian , Pang Bo
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the use of lime mortar has garnered a lot of attention due to its sustainability and its ability to renew old architecture. However, there has been a lack of research on the adhesion between lime mortar and grey brick. To clarify the adhesion of lime mortar and grey
brick, we comprehensively investigated a representative sample, which was constructed between 1366 and 1386 CE, using various techniques. The results of our analysis indicated that the calcium from the lime mortar diffused from the surface of the lime mortar through the grey brick matrix in
an approximately 1.5 mm-thick layer. This physical process led to a decrease in the porosity of the grey brick’s appearance, providing a historical explanation for the long-term durability of the partial structure of the adhesive as a load-bearing element.
Carbon Nanotubes/Gold Nanoclusters Based “Turn on” FRET Fluorescent Assay for miRNA Detection
Authors: Chen Lili , Chen Lingling , Yang Qiuhua , Zhang Fengrong , Qu Qinglan
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a “turn on” fluorescent assay with high sensitivity and rapidity for testing miRNA-195 on the basis of a novel FRET pair consisting of Lys-Au NCs (which have been successfully obtained through less than 2.5 min of synthesis via microwave (MW)-assisted
technology) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Based on this FRET pair, given a detection limit set at 0.36 nM, miRNA-195 can be quantified in the range of 1–10000 nM. Moreover, the level of miRNA-195 in human serum was measured by virtue of this method, and a recovery of 98.6%–102.4%
was achieved, demonstrating that the method put forward in this paper was applicable to actual samples for quantitatively examining miRNA-195.
Arctic Sea Ice Melt Onset in the Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea in Association with the Arctic Oscillation and Barents Oscillation
Authors: Liang Hongjie , Zhou Wen
Published: August 2023

Arctic summer sea ice has been declining in recent decades. In this study, we investigate the beginning of the Arctic melting season, i.e., sea ice melt onset (MO), in the Laptev Sea (LS) and East Siberian Sea (ESS) along the Northern Sea route. Three leading modes are identified by EOF decomposition, which we call the LE-mode, L-mode, and E-mode. In positive phases these modes exhibit earlier MO in the two seas, a seesaw-like structure in the southwest–northeast direction with earlier MO in the LS, or in the southeast–northwest direction with earlier MO in the ESS. The LE-mode, L-mode, and E-mode are closely related to the Arctic Oscillation (AO) in April, the Barents Oscillation (BO) in April, and the AO in May, respectively. When the AO in April is positive, a low pressure anomaly northwest of the LS and ESS brings warm, moist air masses from the lower latitudes toward the LS and ESS and causes earlier MO, corresponding to the positive LE-mode. When the BO in April is negative, a cyclonic anomaly around the Barents Sea tends to warm and moisten the LS and cause earlier MO there, corresponding to the positive L-mode. When AO in May is positive, a low pressure anomaly northeast of the LS and ESS brings more warm, moist air toward the ESS and causes earlier MO there, corresponding to the positive E-mode. In the 1980s, the negative LE-mode was prominent whereas in the early 1990s the positive LE-mode was dominant. Since the mid-1990s, the L-mode and E-mode have appeared more frequently.
Atherosclerosis Associated With COVID-19: Acute, Tends to Severely Involve Peripheral Arteries, and May be Reversible
Authors: Mahmoud Eman O. , Elsabagh Yumn A. , Abd El Ghaffar Nagwa , Fawzy Mary Wadie , Hussein Mohamed A.
Published: August 2023

Arterial stiffness was reported with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied atherosclerosis in COVID-19 directly through duplex ultrasound measurements and their relation to co-morbidities, clinical and laboratory severity markers, and serum interleukin (IL) 6 and 17. Serum IL 6 and 17, average carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), diameter and peak systolic velocities (PSV) of tibial, ulnar, radial arteries, and ankle brachial index (ABI) were measured in 44 COVID-19 patients and 44 healthy controls. Serum IL6, IL17, PSV, and cIMT were higher while diameter was lower ( P ≤ .01) in cases. Clinical severity index correlated positively with age, co-morbidities, ferritin, IL6, IL17, cIMT, and PSV ( P ≤ .04) and negatively with diameter and ABI ( P = .04). Patients with severe lymphopenia had higher PSV, IL6, and IL17 and lower diameter ( P < .00001). Ferritin positively correlated with PSV and negatively with diameter and ABI ( P ≤ .01). Those who received an IL6 inhibitor (tocilizumab) showed lower PSV and higher diameter ( P ≤ .01). In multiple regression analysis, IL17 and (age, co-morbidities) were related to (PSV, diameter) and cIMT ( P ≤ .001, ≤0.02), respectively. COVID-19 may be associated with subclinical acute and may be reversible atherosclerosis severely involving peripheral arteries.
Assessing Tongue Strength and Swallowing Function Following Hyoid Bone Resection Surgery
Authors: Sanguanchom Massupa , Keskool Phawin , Sureepong Paiboon , Ongard Sunun
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

The tongue and hyoid bone are responsible for the oral phase of swallowing. The purpose of this study was to assess tongue strength and endurance, and to evaluate swallowing functions in patients who underwent hyoid bone resection surgery.

Material and Methods:

This was an experimental, non-randomized trial. It included participants who underwent hyoid bone resection surgery, divided into 2 groups; post-Sistrunk procedure and post-total laryngectomy. Swallowing problem history was recorded, and tongue strength and endurance were measured using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Post-Sistrunk procedure participants also underwent flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) to assess objective swallowing function. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were used to analyze the association between the tongue strength and endurance, and the type of surgeries.

Results:

The study involved 26 participants, including 16 males and 10 females, with a mean age of 58.4 ± 12.8 years. A total of 10 subjects underwent the Sistrunk procedure and 16 underwent total laryngectomy surgery. The average tongue strength of all participants was 40.8 ± 11.7 kPa and the average tongue endurance was 30.6 ± 13.2 s. The difference in average tongue strength between the post-Sistrunk procedure group and post-total laryngectomy group was not significantly different (37.5 ± 11.6 kPa vs. 44.1 ± 11.3kPa, P = .153). However, there was a statistically significant difference in average tongue strength between male and female participants (46.3 ± 10.0 kPa vs. 32.0 ± 8.5 kPa, P = .001). FEES did not reveal any evidence of objective swallowing abnormalities in the post-Sistrunk group.

Conclusion:

The resection of the hyoid bone, whether partial or total, did not significantly affect tongue strength and swallowing functions.
An Experience Sampling Analysis of the Impact of Video Monitoring Technology and In-Person Sitters on Nurse Burnout: The Moderating Effect of Nurse Commitment and Mediating Effect of Emotional Labor
Authors: Kluemper Donald , Sun Jiaqing , Lee Young Eun , Wayne Sandy J. , Anderson Emily , Billings Crystal M. , Koopman Joel , Rosen Christopher C.
Published: August 2023

Background:

While it is established that video monitoring technology (compared with the use of in-person sitters) is a safe and cost-effective solution for hospitals, little is known about the impact of these approaches on nurses’ stress and well-being.

Purpose:

To compare the use of video monitoring technology and in-person sitters (likely a resource reallocated from nurses) for monitoring patients on nurses’ emotional labor and burnout.

Method:

An experience sampling method was conducted by surveying nurses twice a day for 3 weeks, resulting in 524 survey administrations provided by 74 nurses. The surveys included measures of daily video monitoring technology and in-person sitter use, emotional labor, emotional exhaustion, and nurse career commitment.

Findings:

There were positive effects from video monitoring technology and negative effects of in-person sitters on emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, particularly for nurses lower in commitment.

Discussion:

Hospital adoption of video monitoring technology has a positive impact on nurses compared with in-person sitter use.
Examining the Mediating Effects of Cognitive Style on the Relation Between Music Competence and Creativity
Authors: Dan Yongjun
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of cognitive style on the relationship between music competence and creative thinking. The participants were college students from a university in Eastern China. The categorization between rationality and experientiality (intuition) was adopted to measure students’ cognitive styles. A model was formulated in which music competence predicted cognitive style, which in turn predicted creativity. Structural equation modeling with Mplus 7.4 was utilized to examine the model fit and mediating effects. The result showed that (a) the model fit was acceptable; (b) both rationality and experientiality functioned as significant mediators on the path from music ability to creativity; and (c) the mediating effect of rationality was significantly greater than that of experientiality. The model presented an overall description of the relationships among the four variables; additionally, it revealed that rationality played a more prominent role than intuition did in creative thought.