bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Geological Map and Description of the Himalaya-Karakorum Junction in Chogo Lungma to Turmik Area (Baltistan, Northern Pakistan)
Authors: Fort Patrick Le , Lemennicier Yves , Lombardo Bruno , Pecher Arnaud , Pertusati Piero , Pognante Ugo , Rolfo Franco
Published: April 2021

Some 800 km2 of the area lying between the Hararnosh Spur of the Himalaya and the Southern Karakorum Complex, centered on the Chogo Lungma glacier system, is presented on a preliminary geological map, after three expeditions. It includes three major units from SW to NE: the High Himalayan Nanga Parbat - Haramosh Crystallines (HHC), the Ladakh Paleo Island Arc, and the Karakorum Metamorphic Complex intruded by granitoids. The three units are thrust to the south. The High-Himalayan ortho- and para-gneisses are metamorphosed to granulite facies and migmatised. The Ladakh Arc is made up of two groups of formation, the Askore Amphibolite to the SW and the Greenstone Complex to the NE, separated by a screen of serpentinized ultramafics. It is intruded by numerous granitoids including a leuco-trondhjemite body cutting the Himalaya-Ladakh contact. The rnetasedimentary and metavolcanic sequences of the Greenstone Complex include limestone horizons that have yielded post-Valanginian fossils. The Karakorum Metamorphic Complex includes orthogneiss domes of granitoids intruded into the surrounding metasedimentary formations. A syenitic dome of granitoid at Hemasil is apparently syntectonic. Two phases of deformation are observed in Karakorum and Ladakh and seem to correspond, but with different grades of metamorphism. The late doming structures are characteristic of the Karakorum. The Himalaya-Karakorum contact varies from south to north, from a normal fault to a strike-slip shear zone, and finally a thrust fault. The original Ladakh­ Karakorum contact (Shyok Suture) is folded and reactivated by late brittle thrusting, possibly the latest large-scale deformation of the region. The closure of the Ladakh-Kohistan back-arc basin followed by the collision of India is mostly overprinted by the recent structures.
Tectonic Evolution of the Altun and Karakorum Mountains
Authors: Jiandong Zheng
Published: April 2021

The Altun and Karakorum Mountains lie on the northwestern edge of Tibet. Because of their remote setting these regions were essentially unknown. Recently the author took part in the field investigations in the Altun Mountains and surrounding areas, such as Tarim and Qaidam Basins, and West Kunlun Mountains. Based on the practical data, this paper briefly deals with geological background of the Altun and Karakorum Mountains and discusses an intracontinental subduction or A-type subduction along southwestern margin of the Tarim Basin.
Placer gold occurrences along the major rivers of Nepal Himalaya and their possible primary sources
Authors: Kaphle K. P. , Joshi P. R. , Khan H. R.
Published: April 2021

Recent exploration in Lungri Khola area, Rolpa district, midwestern Nepal helped to delineate a discontinuous 1.5 to 40 m thick and about 30 km long primary gold mineralization zone in the Precambrian greenschists and Lower Paleozoic micaceous marbles of the Lesser Himalaya. The gold content in these lodes vary from 0.01 to 6.7 ppm.

In eastern Nepal occurrences of primary gold is recorded in quartz-biotiteschist, amphibolite and pegmatite bodies in Sunmai and Bering Khola of Ilam district. Fine flakes of gold also occur in the pyritiferous quartz beds/lenses in chlorite-sericite phyllite and quartzite of Bamangaon polymetallic prospect, Dadeldhura district, far western Nepal. In this prospect the gold content is from 0.2 to 0.8 ppm, and one sample showed up to 14 ppm. Primary gold occurrences are also detected in few irregular quartz-pyrite veins and iron-copper sulphide bearing quartzite lying close to the amphibolite bodies. Some pyrite bearing radioactive quartzite beds in Banku Quartzite of Purchauni Crystalline Complex exposed at Boregad, Bangabagar, Baggoth and Jamari Gad area in Darchula and Baitadi districts, far western Nepal also contain gold. The gold content in the radioactive quartzite varies from 0.2 to 1.2 ppm and in some pyritiferous radioactive quartzite floats it reaches up to 5.06 ppm.

The primary gold appears to be of synsedimentary, hydrothermal and possibly volcanogenic in origin. Placer gold is derived from primary sources and deposited at favourable locations along the river flood plains. Further investigations in similar geological terrain may help to identify economically viable primary as well as placer gold deposits in the Nepal Himalaya.
Engineering geological study of the Kali Gandaki 'A' hydroelectric project area, western Nepal Lesser Himalaya
Authors: Kafle K. N.
Published: April 2021

The Kali Gandaki 'A' hydroelectric project area lies in the Lesser Himalayan Zone of the Syangja district of western Nepal. The rocks are characterised by highly deformed, thick sequences of the elastic rocks belonging to the Andhi Khola Formation and the carbonates of Darsing Dolomite, both belonging to the Kali Gandaki Supergroup. The dark bluish grey, brecciated and highly fractured dolomite is exposed on the abutments of the proposed diversion dam site area. It also forms steep cliffs to the north of the dam site. The contact between the dolomite and the overlying phyllite is a tectonized zone. This contact exposed along the exploratory audit and test trenches gives evidence of a fault dipping steeply towards the east. The phyllites exposed along the proposed headrace tunnel alignment and in the powerhouse site are variable in composition and rock strength. At the powerhouse area thin bands of limestone are intercalated in phyllites with sheared contacts. The headrace tunnel alignment makes acute angle with the foliation along most of the length and some sections passes parallel to the foliation. An inferred fault at about 1 km chainage, shear zones with varying thickness and a syncline at about 4 km from the intake portal are the main geological structures along the tunnel alignment which have to be carefully dealt with during the design and construction phase of the project.
The Cenozoic of Nepal: mountain elevation and vertebrate evolution
Authors: West R. M.
Published: April 2021

The Cenozoic of Nepal was a time of great activity, in terms of both the establishment and uplift of the Himalaya and the development of a vertebrate fauna which changed through time in response to the environmental events caused by the elevation of the mountains. Field work conducted over the past twenty years has generated a body of data which brings together palaeontological, ecological, and tectonic interpretations of the Cenozoic history of Nepal Himalaya.

Palaeontological data from Nepal are geographically limited. At this time, the early Cenozoic is represented by modest marine and terrestrial mammal remains found near Tansen. The middle and late Cenozoic is also documented from abundant materials found in the Siwaliks in a broad band of Sub-Himalayan sedimentary rocks between Butwal and Nepalganj and north of Jaleswar. Ice Age in Nepal may be interpreted from several Pleistocene localities in the Kathmandu Valley.

Nepal's Cenozoic palaeoenvironments are interpreted in large from the fossils found in the areas mentioned above, by analogy to India and Pakistan, and by study of the sedimentology of the enclosing rocks. It is possible to document the arrival of the Indian tectonic plate in South Asia in the early Cenozoic using palaeontologic, sedimentologic and tectonic data. At this time the broad open seaway (the remnant of Tethys) which occupied much of Nepal until the early Cenozoic closed and terrestrial communication with other areas became possible. By the middle Cenozoic, Nepal was the site of major erosional deposition from the rising Himalaya. This palaeoenvironment is indicated by both the terrestrial elastic sedimentary rocks which dominate the Nepal middle and late Cenozoic sequences as well as by the particular vertebrate taxa which have been recovered from the Siwaliks in western Nepal. Nepal's Pleistocene was a time of cool and dry environments; Kathmandu Valley deposits have yielded vertebrate remains which are indicative of this environment.

Of particular interest are efforts to relate Himalayan Cenozoic tectonics to the palaeobiological record of Nepalese environments. There are strong indications that the primary elevation of the Himalaya was a mid to late Cenozoic event; this correlates well with the environmental evidence from the fossil assemblages. This paper is devoted to review of palaeontologic, sedimentologic and tectonic data which are used to interpret the Cenozoic history of Nepal Himalaya.
Engineering properties of fine grained soils of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Katel T. P. , Upreti B. N. , Pokharel G. S.
Published: April 2021

This paper primarily deals with the distribution, and engineering and geotechnical properties of fine grained soils in the Kathmandu Valley. Not much studies have been done on these soils in the past except at some engineering construction sites such as bridges and heavy buildings. Very little data are available on the engineering and geotechnical properties of soils of the valley (IOE, 1983a, 1983b, 1986a, 1986b, 1986c; Koirala et al., 1993; Sadaula, 1993; Shakya, 1987; Soil Test, 1990a, 1990b). The authors conducted detailed laboratory studies on the soils of the Thapathali and Ratnapark areas in the central part of the Kathmandu Valley and the results are presented and discussed. An attempt is also made to broadly evaluate the soil conditions of the valley based on the available data from previous studies conducted by various agencies.

The soils of the Kathmandu Valley are mainly produced by weathering of rocks within its watershed boundary. They are in most part lacustrine and fluvial in origin and composed of clayey, silty, sandy and gravely sediments. The maximum thickness of the sediment is found in the central part (550 m at Bhrikutimandap) and southern part (>457m at Harishidhi) of the valley.

The engineering properties, basically the index properties such as grain size, natural moisture content specific gravity, Atterberg limits; and the mechanical properties such as penetration resistance, cohesion, unconfined compressive strength, compressibility as well as angle of shearing resistance of fine grained soils were determined and found to vary considerably both in horizontal and vertical directions. The bearing capacity and settlement values of the soils were also determined.

It is commonly found that most of the buildings in the Kathmandu Valley are founded on isolated or strip types of foundations and the foundation depth is between 1 and 1.5 m. The study of soil properties of the Kathmandu Valley indicates that the heavy loaded structures should be founded on either raft, mat or pile types of foundation.
Fossil wood of Duabanga from the Siwaliks of Sindhuli area, eastern Nepal
Authors: Prasad M. , Pradhan U. M. S. , KC Shyam
Published: April 2021

A fossil wood belonging to the extant genus Duabanga Buch-Ham of Sonneratiaceae has been represented the collection from the Siwaliks of the Sindhuli district, eastern Nepal. As the modem equivalents of the fossil wood grow now in the Indo-Malayan region, its presence in the Siwaliks of Nepal is phytogeographically important and indicates more humid climate at the time of deposition.
Transverse faults and block movements in Nepal Himalaya: results from satellite interpretation
Authors: Hoppe P.
Published: April 2021

The study of aerial photographs and satellite images has revealed the youngest tectonic history of Nepal Himalaya. The nappes and thrust sheets piled up during the Alpinie orogeny are now breaking into smaller blocks and slide aside the northward pushing and subducting Indian Plate. Since the Pleistocene, faults are opening perpendicularly or obliquely to the regional trend, and blocks are moving laterally. Local pressure structures were developed by these movements. There is selective erosion in the regional synclines and anticlines of the Lesser Himalaya. The upper sections of the Higher Himalayan Crystalline and Tibetan Series are generally preserved in depressions on top of the Lesser Himalaya. The Lesser Himalayan rocks themselves are mainly outcrop in the antlclinal areas.
Geomorphological and depositional features around Thulagi Glacial Lake in Manaslu Himal,	central Nepal
Authors: Volk Hellmut
Published: April 2021

Several glaciers in the Higher Himalaya of Nepal show a high rate of ablation resulting in their recession and thereby giving rise to large glacial lakes on the site of former glacier tongues. The Thulagi Glacier at the southwestern foot of the Manaslu Peak (8156 m) represents one of those quickly shrinking valley glaciers whose ice tongue has been converted into a large lake of 2 km length at an elevation of 3960 m.

No till fabric occurs in the inner moraine ridges that surround and dam the lake. As these moraine deposits lack fine constituents as silt and clay, exhibit stratification as well as tilted layers, and are composed of subrounded pebbles, it is concluded that these moraine ridges represent push moraines having originated from kame terraces. A low hummocky terrain inside the high terminal push moraine at the downstream end of the lake is interpreted as a younger ice-cored push moraine still being in a collapsing state.

The Thulagi Glacier appears to have oscillated in length and volume several times in the late Pleistocene and Holocene earth history.
Primary gold mineralization in the Pre-Cambrian and lower Paleozoic rocks, Lungri Khola region, Rolpa district
Authors: Joshi P. R.
Published: April 2021

Primary gold mineralization occurring in the Lungri Khola region is observed in the Pre­ Cambrian green schist facies and Lower Paleozoic micaceous marble and limestone. The Pre-Cambrian green schist facies comprising mainly of sericite and chloritic quartzite, chlorite schist, quartz-chlorite schist, chlorite phyllite and schistose pebble beds include a discontinuous auriferous zone which persists laterally for about 30 km extension from the Gajul khola in the west to the upper reaches of Gam khola in the east. The auriferous host rocks are found confined close to the contact with the overlying Lower Paleozoic carbonates. Eight distinct auriferous hosts are encountered in the Pre-Cambrian green schists facies. Occurrence of auriferous host in the Lower Paleozoic limestone and marble is rather irregular and insignificant So far minor quartz-carbonate veins have indicated the presence of gold. Finely disseminated gold with minor amount of pyrite, chalcopyrite and rarely arsenopyrite occurs in the above hosts. Visible gold ranging from 0.08 to 2 mm dimension has been recovered. Gold content of upto 6.7 gm/ton has been recorded but in general they show 0.1 gm/ton gold which is significantly 30 to 60 times higher in magnitude than the background value. Depending upon the type of the hosts, three possible models, namely (1) volcanogenic (2) hydrothermal and (3) syn-sedimentary, could be suggested for the origin of the primary gold mineralization which has later undergone remobilisation after the initial deposition.
Geology and structural evolution in the Bheri river region, southwest Nepal
Authors: Kansakar D. R.
Published: April 2021

The rocks of the Lesser Himalaya in the Bheri River region have been divided into five stratigraphic groups. The meso-grade metamorphic rocks of the Chaurjhari Group is the oldest rock group in the area and is occurring as a klippen in the north. The Kunchha Group and the Nawakot Group are the incipiently metamorphosed sedimentary rocks while the Gondwana Group and Daban Group rocks are generally unmetamorphosed sedimentary sequences.

In the frontal part of the thrust-fold belt of the Himalaya, leading imbricate fan structure is developed in the rocks of Daban Group with the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) as the sole thrust, and the Kumak Thrust as the roof thrust. In the region further north, a complex of hinterland dipping duplex structure is envisioned between the Kumak Thrust (main sole thrust) and the Chaurjhari Thrust (main roof thrust) with a number of intermittent thrust-faults which acted as roof thrust to the underlying duplex and as sole thrust to the overlying duplex. The major planes of detachment for the generation of duplex are postulated along the incompetent basal rock members of the Nawakot Group, the Kunchha Group and the Chaurjhari Group respectively. As against the view of some of the earlier workers, a "piggy-back" sequence of thrust from higher to lower (hinterland towards the foreland) is proposed.
Differential thermal analysis of Kharidhunga magnesite
Authors: Dangol Vishnu
Published: April 2021

The DTA curves of seven representative samples from the Kharidhunga Magnesite Deposit arc asymmetric and show a sharp rise after attaining the maxima between 670 and 700 oC, which indicates the siliceous nature of the magnesite. The overlapped endothermic peaks al 770 oC and 860 oC characterize the presence of calcite and dolomite respectively as the other impurities. The results of DTA and TG are also compared with the available data of chemical analysis.
The Siwalik Group of Sediments at Surai Khola in Western Nepal and its Palaeontological Record
Authors: Corvinus G.
Published: April 2021

The Siwalik Group is a sequence of molasse sediment consisting of claystones, siltstones, sandstones and conglomerates deposited in the foredeep in the front of the Himalaya from later Miocene to Pleistocene times. An almost complete sequence of Siwalik Group of rocks having a thickness of about 5,500 m have been recorded in the Surai Khola area in the Western Nepal. This group of rocks have been divided into five lithological units, which show a gradual coarsening of the deposits upwards. The lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Siwalik Group of sediments occurring in the Surai Khola area have been established. Their detailed investigation yielded abundant palaeontological and environmental records which have provided much insight into the understanding of the geologic evolution and the palaeoenvironment during the deposition of the Siwalik Group.
Fall Armyworm Incursion in Nepal - What Can be Done with the Lessons from Other Countries
Authors: GC Y.D.
Published: April 2021

Abstract available with the full text.
A Brief Account of Two Decades of Farmer Field School Implementation in Nepal
Authors: Jha R.K. , Bharal S. , Saha B.
Published: April 2021

Absract available with the full text.
Monitoring of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Cucurbit Vegetables in Sindhuli, Nepal
Authors: Bhusal N.R. , Kafle K. , Bhattarai S.S. , Adhikari D.
Published: April 2021

Abstract available with full text.
Filozofia nowokrytyczna w rozumieniu Stanisława Kobyłeckiego i Mariana Massoniusa
Authors: Szotek Barbara
Published: April 2021

Kwestia neokantyzmu i nowokrytycyzmu stanowi jeden z tych problemów, o których dyskutowali przedstawiciele różnych nurtów filozoficznych w Polsce pod koniec XIX i na początku XX wieku. Neokantyzm bowiem — ze swoją heteronomicznością i z kłopotami z rozgraniczeniem w nim poszczególnych stanowisk — a w szczególności mocno niedookreślony nowokrytycyzm, niewykazujący właściwie żadnej ideowej jedności, skłaniały do poglądu, że mogli znaleźć w nich miejsce wszyscy, którzy bądź „poczuwali się do obowiązku karności naukowej”, czyli w jakiś sposób głosili potrzebę unaukowienia filozofii, bądź zgłaszali jedynie powierzchowny akces lub akceptację ogólnego stanowiska, bądź wreszcie tylko jakiegoś jego elementu. Znamienne jest, że i dzisiaj niełatwo jest się uporać z tym problemem. Z jednej strony bowiem wydaje się, że neokantyzm i nowokrytycyzm — przede wszystkim w filozofii polskiej przełomu XIX i XX wieku — w zasadzie traktować można synonimicznie, a z drugiej strony — że stanowią opcje pod jednym względem wykluczające się, natomiast pod innym — dopełniające (zbliżają się wówczas — jak się twierdzi — w swoich podstawowych treściach do krytycyzmu pozytywistycznego).

W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia, głównie na przykładzie stanowisk dwóch przedstawicieli myśli filozoficznej tego czasu, a mianowicie księdza Stanisława Kobyłeckiego i Mariana Massoniusa, podobieństw i różnic, jakie uwidoczniły się w rozumieniu nowokrytycyzmu w związku z wydaniem przez „Przegląd Filozoficzny” prospektu zatytułowanego Filozofia nowokrytyczna, w którym „zwrot do Kanta” ujęty został wręcz w formułę „nowokrytycyzmu”.
Lyrics in The Dolalak Dance Purworejo Central Java as a Form of Islamic Folk Songs
Authors: Santosa Djarot Heru , Haryono Timbul , Soedarsono RM
Published: April 2021

Dolalak dance is highly dependent on the power of the song lyrics, so it can be called a lyrical dance. The dancers will not be able to do perfect dance moventents only by musical accompaniment; the displacement and combination of dance movements are characterized by lyrics that accompany the songs. Thus, song lyrics have a very dominant role in the arrangement of the dance movements. Dolalak dance has approximately 64 types of movements. A one-night staging, as an illustration, usually begins with 13 types of movements, followed by a trance dance, and ends with 7 types of movements as the closing. Song lyrics in the Dolalak dance are mostly influenced by the nuances of Islamic teachings. This is proven by the presence of a lot of words and/ or terms in the song lyrics which are very close to the. Arabic words in Islamic teachings. More interestingly, as a form of folk songs used in the performance of traditional Javanese arts, the Arabic words are widely adapted to the speech or pronunciation of the local language, especially the Javanese one. As a result, the origin and meaning of certain words or terms in the lyrics are difficult to trace. However, it is understandable since sometimes words in the song lyrics are preferred to adjust particular sounds.
Cultural Strategies of Abdi Dalem in The Global Era in Achieving Welfare
Authors: Sulistyowati Sulistyowati
Published: April 2021

The article aims at examining cultural strategies of Javanese community, particularly those of the abdi dalem (royal official), in achieving welfare. It is inevitable for the abdi dalem, who has existed for more than one century in Javanese community, to face the changes of era (global era). Javanese cultural values which are believed and accepted as the guidance in daily behaviour are opposed to the values in globalization that worship material as the highest value. The behaviour of abdi dalem as cultural actors holding thight to Javanese cultural values or Javanese logic (logika kejawen) in their evervdav lives will be understood in context to see their fiexibilties in responding to any changes accured around them. Through this understanding, the research is aimed to uncover the functions of cultural values as cultural identity and strategic function in promoting the sustainability of public support (abdi dalem) within the globalization challenges. Hopefully, the result of this research will be useful for the policy makers as well as the community to reveal the positive values of Javanese culture to adapt to the changing era. To obtain the objectives of the research, qualitative method is adopted. Methods of data collection used are participant observation and in-depth interviews. The informants selected in this study are the abdi dalem of Yogyakarta Palace. Through the interpretative approach of the symbols of abdi dalem behavior inexpressible that devotion to the king for ngalap berkah, simple lifestyles and the harmony principle is offered by abdi dalem to achieve welfare within the globalization challenges.
The Role of Indonesian National Library in Preserving and Disseminating Manuscripts
Authors: Alfida Alfida
Published: April 2021

Indonesian National Library has preserved Indonesian manuscripts by collecting and digitizing manuscripts in some areas of Indonesia, such as Yogyakarta, East Sumatera, Cirebon, and Pulau Penyengat. However, a lot of work should be done compared with the number of manuscripts in Indonesia.  Ironically, the same thing does not happen with national library. Disseminating is even worse. The library has provided online catalog for the manuscripts. However, the entry of online catalog is lesser than the printed ones, and the electronic file is always not there. This paper duscusses on; firstly, manuscripts in Indonesia; Secondly, the intended role of the national library in preserving and disseminating the manuscripts; thirdly, the problematic aspect of the collection itself and the state of the manuscripts and above all, the unfulfilled manuscripts offers for researching purpose; fourthly, possibility to collaborate to have a portal or virtual manuscripts on Southeast Asia in a regional setting.
Misinterpretation of Qur'anic Verses on the “Islamic” Jihad
Authors: Yusuf Choirul Fuad
Published: April 2021

The word jihad has been understood various way according to motive, objective, paradigm, perspective and the historical background, including political and doctrinal interests of the users. Jihad becomes an equivocal concept resulting the conceptual debates and doctrinal dispute. Response to this condition, it is necessary to redefine and reformulate such concepts seen from the Qur’anic perspective. This study endevours to explicate how Al-Qur’an as the Muslim’s holy book views the jihad as one of fundamental teachings in one side, and of how the Muslims as the followers implement such teachings of jihad in daily life accordingly. The article highlights that, in nature, jihad has any positive and constructive meaning as the struggle for improving the life-quality of the human beings as a whole.
Manaqib Writing in the Circle of the Tariqa Qadiriyya wa Naqsyabandiyyah: A Study on Muhammad Siddiq al-Salihi’s Nayl al-Amani
Authors: Widiyanto Asfa
Published: April 2021

The manaqib of ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani is of particular importance in the circle of the Tariqa Qadiriyya wa Naqsyabandiyyah (TQN). Some leaders of the TQN have done their best to give a translation and explanation of this manaqib. For instance, Muhammad Siddiq al-Salihi composed a work titled Nayl al-amānī fī dhikr manaqib al-quṭb al-rabbānī sayyidinā al-shaykh ‘Abd al-Qādir al-Jīlanī. Another leader, Muslih ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Maraqi, wrote a treatise titled al-Nūr al-burhānī fī tarjamat al-lujayn al-dānī fī dhikr nubdhah min manaqib al-shaykh ‘Abd al-Qādir al-Jīlanī. The TQN master Nawawi Siddiq al-Zarkashi wrote a treatise titled Fuyuḍāt al-rabbānī fī kayfīyāt qirā’at manaqib sulṭān al-awliyā’ al-shaykh muḥyī al-dīn ‘Abd al-Qādir al-Jīlanī. This paper will pay particular attention to the Nayl al-amani, since this work is relatively unknown in Indonesian academia. This book is written in standard Arabic, something which is nowadays rare in the Pesantren and tariqa scholarship. This book is read during the monthly communal ritual of the TQN in the Pesantren Manba’ al-Falah, Dawe, Kudus, Central Java. This paper strives to unravel the narratives of hagiography in Nayl al-amani and also highlight the uniqueness of Nayl al-amani, most particularly in comparison with the two manaqib writings in the circle of the TQN in Central Java.
A Review of the Little Known Ethnic Religious Art and Culture of Arunachal Pradesh, North-East India
Authors: Deori Bina Gandhi
Published: April 2021

Arunachal Pradesh, the north-easternmost state of India is a mountainous terrain inhabited by a number of ethnic communities. Due to its geographical isolation, it is still cut off from mainstream India and has limited interaction with the rest of India. There are as many as 26 major tribes and several hundred sub-tribes. They have their own distinct culture, tradition and religious belief system. Some of the ethnic communities namely, Apatani, Nyishi, Galo, Tagin, Tangsa, Wancho, Mishmi etc. have their indigenous religious practices with well-defined belief system but due to limited research there is a paucity of data which fails to present a clear picture of the culture and tradition of the ethnic communities of the region. In many ways, their indigenous religion plays an important role in influencing the peoples’ arts and culture. This paper is an attempt to review the ethnic religious art and culture of the people of Arunachal Pradesh in an effort to highlight and preserve their ethnic cultural identity.
Benefits of Giving (A Book Review Using Islamic Perspective)
Authors: Arraiyyah M. Hamdar
Published: April 2021

This writing is a book review. It discusses a book entitled Give and Take. The book introduces a new approach to success. It makes three categories of people in doing interaction or communication. They are takers, matchers, and givers. The writer of the book, Adam Grant, explains the principles and characteristics of each category. He shows a lot of facts to prove that being a giver brings benefits for people and the doer as well. The objects of giving here comprise different kinds help like wealth, ideas, knowledge, skills and information. Therefore, he motivates people to become givers. In this connection, the reviewer would like to show that Islamic religion also motivates its followers to give helps to others. Though, there are some similarities and differences between the benefits of giving mentioned in the book and the verses of the Holy Qur’an and the sayings of Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon him.
Ṭuruq Ta’līm Kutub at-Turāṡ fi al-Ma’had al-Islāmī at-Taqlīdī al-Madīnah ad-Dīniyyah Aceh Dār al-Hudā Paloh Gadeng Syimāliyyah
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal
Published: April 2021

This paper describes the method used by the teacher in teaching the book of monotheism, the obstacles faced by the teacher and the solution, finding the weaknesses and strengths of the teaching method, and knowing the possibility of developing the teaching method of the book in Darul Huda Paloh Gadeng North Aceh traditional Islamic School. Based on the results of field research using interview, observation and documentation techniques, the research findings are the methods used by the teacher in the teaching of the books al-'aqīdah al-islāmiyah, tījan ad-durari, and hud hudi in general, namely the method of reading, translation, lecture, question and answer, repetition, and conclusion.

The teacher's constraints in the use of teaching methods in each book of monotheism are different. This is due to differences in the ability of students to learn the teaching of the book al-'Aqīdah al-Islāmiyah, Tījan ad-Durari, and Hud Hudi. Those differences have their own advantages and disadvantages. The methods of teaching the tauhid book in the traditional Islamic School in Aceh still need development and renewal in accordance with the times and technological advances.

Keywords: Teaching Method, Book of Tawheed, Traditional Islamic School Darul Huda Paloh Gadeng
The Concept of Environmental Ethics in The Manuscript of La Galigo
Authors: Aaisyah Sitti
Published: April 2021

The main object of this research is the episode of Ritumpanna Walenrengnge (the cut down of Walenreng tree) from the manuscript of La Galigo. The mentioned manuscript then analyzed by using environmental ethics approach. This study aims to explain the concept of relations between humans and nature in the manuscript, and also to find environmental ethics view within the manuscript. This study was conducted through library research using descriptive, verstehen, hermeneutic, and heuristic methods. The study process started from preparing the research materials, followed by data gathering, research data systematization, results analysis and concluded with critical reflection. The manuscript of La Galigo contains cosmological explanation of Buginese people. Similar to other Eastern cultural features, the mythology of La Galigo also shows strong attachment between humans and nature. This feature is pictured by Sawerigading’s ritual and persuasive effort to cut down Welenreng tree for noble and important cause. It is generally explained that, Ritumpanna Welenrengnge has an anthropocentrism pattern. In environmental ethics discourse, anthropocentrism is considered as the cause of every environment exploitation. This study draws different line from negative understanding of anthropocentrism, and focusing on important spiritually enlightened human aspect so that they are able to do positive fundamental changes for the sake of environment.

Keywords: La Galigo, environmental ethics, anthroposentrism.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Khairunnisah Endi Dwi Saputra Dan
Published: April 2021

The crime of defamation that often occurs in cyberspace is an act that attacks the good name. Offensive reputation is to convey words (words or a series of words / sentences) by accusing certain acts of being committed, and those aimed at the honor and good name of a person which can result in a person's sense of dignity, shame, or humiliation. Someone proven guilty of disseminating electronic information containing defamation as referred to in the elements of Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law number 19 of 2016 concerning amendments to Law number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions This type of research used in this study is a type of empirical legal research, which is a legal research method that uses empirical facts taken from human behavior, with a qualitative approach.The results of the research showed that the perpetrators' violation was a violation of the provisions of Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law number 19 of 2016 concerning amendments to Law number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions to be charged with Article 45 Paragraph (1) of the ITE Law which states : Every person who fulfills the elements referred to in Article 27 paragraph (1), paragraph (2), paragraph (3), or paragraph (4) shall be sentenced to a maximum imprisonment of 4 (six) years and / or a maximum fine of Rp 650,000 .000.00 (Six Hundred Fifty Million Rupiah).
EKSEKUSI IKRAR TALAK MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 50 TAHUN 2009 PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 1989 TENTANG PERADILAN AGAMA
Authors: Abdul Rokhim Latifatul Fajriyah Dan
Published: April 2021

This study aims to find out why the decision on divorce application submitted by the husband is not final and how the role of Judges of the Religious Court in the execution of the divorce pledge. This type of research used in this study uses the Normative Juridical research method, namely by analyzing the articles in the legislation regarding the problem under study.The results of the research show that the final decision of a judge regarding divorce divorce is when all the procedures in filing for divorce divorce have been fulfilled legally. That is still in need of the pronunciation of divorce pledge made by the husband in front of the trial of the Religious Court. If the husband has pledged his divorce then the marriage is broken with all the legal consequences. In divorce divorce cases the judge's role is to guide the petitioner in pledging his divorce to the respondent, as well as witnessing the pronouncement of the divorce pledge.
KETENTUAN PENGATURAN KAWIN KONTRAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sukindar Sukindar
Published: April 2021

Contract marriages are one of the 3 types of marriages known in Indonesia. As it is known that contract marriages are marriages made by certain parties with specific aims and objectives and within a certain period of time. So the marriage is actually a marriage that is not appropriate and deviates from the noble purpose of the actual marriage, which is to form an eternal household and only seek the pleasure of God, in accordance with the provisions as regulated in applicable laws in Indonesia.Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to find out the actual arrangements related to the practice of contract marriages which are still widely practiced in Indonesia.This type of research used in this study is normative juridical type of research, namely research conducted based on the legal scientific character of the normative side.The results of the study showed that the practice of contract marriages that were carried out was not appropriate and violated the provisions of the legislation that acted as positive law in Indonesia. This is due to the contract marriage there are several things that were promised such as, a number of assets that must be issued and the deadline for the end of the marriage has been determined, then obviously such a marriage is a marriage arranged by the parties themselves and ignores the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. While the regulations that specifically regulate contract marriages have not yet existed in Indonesia.
AKIBAT HUKUM TERHADAP PIHAK YANG TIDAK BERITIKAD BAIK DALAM PROSES JUAL BELI
Authors: Sukindar Norma Dan
Published: April 2021

Buying and selling is an activity carried out by two or more people to produce a mutual agreement, but there is often a sale and purchase which causes various problems. The existence of buying and selling with object agreements contain hidden defects. The situation is actually known consciously by the seller, but did not inform the buyer about it, so the buyer feels disadvantaged. Such events occur because of bad intentions or dishonest attitudes about information and the condition of an item. As a result of dishonest acts, the interests of one party have been violated. The problem raised in this paper is what the legal consequences are for parties who have no good intentions in the buying and selling process and what are the factors causing the parties to set aside good faith in the buying and selling process.This type of research is normative juridical research, library research with the problem approach used in writing this thesis is the statute approach.The results showed that with the enactment of legislation governing the buying and selling process of parties who do not have good intentions will cause legal consequences, namely the agreement becomes invalid and null and void and compensates for damages. But the reality on the ground, that the replacement of losses can be done if the parties agree. The factor causing the parties to set aside good faith in the buying and selling process is the lack of careful buyer or consumer to look for more detailed information related to the items they want to buy. While the seller or business actor, because of the opportunity to have bad intentions, in addition to that because of dishonesty.
Integração de recursos educacionais digitais pelos estudantes-estagiários do curso de formação de professores para a educação profissional
Authors: Aguiar Deliane Costa de , Abegg Ilse
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa sobre a utilização dos Recursos Educacionais Digitais (RED) pelos estagiários do Curso de Formação de Professores para a Educação Profissional (FPEP) nas práticas escolares no Estágio Supervisionado de Ensino (ESE) III. O foco centrou nas práticas escolares implementadas pelos estudantes-estagiários do curso de formação de professores para o ensino técnico. O objetivo geral foi investigar se os estudantes-estagiários, integravam ou não os  RED disponíveis em portais públicos, nas aulas do ensino médio técnico onde atuam como docentes estagiários. A perspectiva metodológica foi a pesquisa-ação realizada em três ciclos: no primeiro, realizou um diagnóstico inicial por meio de análise documental dos relatórios de ESE. No segundo, uma observação participante na disciplina ESE II, examinamos as sequências didáticas (conjuntos de planejamentos) para verificar quais recursos eram escolhidos para mediar as práticas no ESE III realizado no semestre subsequente. No terceiro ciclo uma intervenção educacional em uma turma de ESE III, de forma a incentivar a utilização de recursos digitais oriundos de portais públicos. Ainda neste ciclo, implementou-se um questionário com todos os estudantes-estagiários matriculados no semestre em ESE III, utilizando a plataforma ProfTest. O objetivo foi mapear os demais recursos digitais utilizados pelos estagiários e, também, os motivos pelos quais alguns não integravam tais tecnologias no ensino. Como conclusões destaca-se que os estudantes-estagiários preferem buscar os recursos educacionais digitais no youtube e google. Os dados revelaram que os estudantes-estagiários estão integrando, em sua maioria, apenas vídeos e imagens em suas práticas educativas.
A contribuição dos periódicos científicos para o avanço da ciência e o papel da Revista Educitec
Authors: Coelho Iandra Maria Weirich da Silva
Published: April 2021

Editorial 2021 - Revista Educitec
Pengalaman Ibu Usia Remaja Melahirkan Anak di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Padila Padila , Panzilion Panzilion , Andri Juli , Nurhayati Nurhayati , J Harsismanto
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman ibu usia remaja saat melahirkan anak di masa pandemi. Desain penelitian menggunakan jenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Dalam penelitian ini didapat tujuh partisipan ibu remaja yang berusia antara 19-21 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu pedoman wawancara mendalam terkait pengalaman persalinan di masa pandemi COVID-19 ini. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan teknik desain triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan 11 tema yaitu: usia dan pendidikan terakhir ibu, definisi persalinan, tahap persalinan, perasaan ibu ketika melahirkan, tindakan yang dilakukan ketika ibu usia remaja merasa cemas, perlakukan keluarga yang diberikan untuk perawatan bayi, pendapat tentang sikap yang diberikan keluarga kepada ibu, reaksi ibu dalam menghadapi perlakuan keluarga, pola yang ibu terapkan dalam proses menghadapi persalinan di masa pandemi COVID-19 dan dukungan yang diperoleh ibu muda dalam perawatan bayi ketika sakit. Simpulan, ibu usia remaja yang melahirkan selama pandemi COVID-19 menderita cemas tingkat sedang dan minimnya dukungan keluarga saat melahirkan serta menerima perlakuan dengan kualitas akses pelayanan kesehatan yang kurang.

Kata Kunci: Fenomenologi, Pandemi COVID-19, Pengalaman, Persalinan, Remaja
Studi Fenomenologi: Pengalaman Klien Lansia dalam Melakukan Perawatan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Nadirawati Nadirawati , Pratama Irfan
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang makna perawatan Diabetes Melitus (DM) tipe 2 untuk klien lansia di wilayah kerja puskesmas Cimahi Selatan dan bagaimana mereka memaknai pengalaman tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi deskriptif dengan metode wawancara mendalam. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah klien lansia dengan DM tipe 2. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa hasil rekaman wawancara dan catatan lapangan yang dianalisis dengan teknik Collaizi. Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi enam tema, diantaranya yaitu; 1) respon fisik yang dialami penderita DM; 2) respon psikologis yang dialami penderita DM; 3) kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan; 4) kepatuhan terhadap diet; 5) upaya untuk mencapai kesembuhan; 6) harapan penyandang DM. Simpulan, dari enam informan yang mengalami DM, mereka mengalami beberapa masalah fisik dan psikologis, ada yang tidak patuh dengan diet dan cara parisipan mengatasi masalah ada yang menggunakan obat farmakologis dan juga non farmakologis. Selain itu, walaupun sudah lama menderita DM, hampir semua partisipan berharap untuk sembuh dari penyakitnya.

Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2,  Kualitiatif, Merawat
Edukasi Diabetes terhadap Penurunan Glukosa Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Rismayanti I Dewa Ayu , Sundayana I Made , Ariana Putu Agus , Heri Mochamad
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi diabetes terhadap kadar glukosa darah pada pasien DM tipe 2. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimental dengan one group pre-post-test design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar glukosa darah setelah dilakukan intervensi berupa edukasi diabetes dengan p-value = 0,000. Kadar gula darah rata-rata (mean) sebelum intervensi adalah sebesar 244,19 dan setelah intervensi sebesar 166,06. Simpulan, pemberian edukasi diabetes sebagai salah satu penatalaksanaan diabetes dapat mempengaruhi manajemen diri pasien DM tipe 2, salah satunya dengan monitoring gula darah. Keberhasilan pemberian edukasi dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, seperti faktor pasien, pendidik atau pemberi edukasi dan lamanya edukasi yang diberikan.

Kata Kunci:  Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, Edukasi, Glukosa Darah, Manajemen Diri
Pemberian Posisi Semi Fowler Meningkatkan Saturasi Oksigen Pasien PPOK
Authors: Astriani Ni Made Dwi Yunica , Sandy Putu Wahyu Sri Juniantari , Putra Made Mahaguna , Heri Mochamad
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan pemberian posisi Semi Fowler terhadap saturasi oksigen pada pasien PPOK. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan One Group Pre-Post Test Design. Hasil penelitian pada 30 responden PPOK menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai saturasi oksigen sebelum diberikan posisi Semi Fowler yaitu 89,47. Setelah diberikan posisi Semi Fowler selama 30 menit, rata-rata nilai saturasi oksigen pasien PPOK mengalami peningkatan yaitu 95,83. Berdasarkan hasil dari uji paired t-test menunjukkan bahwa hasil sig (2-tailed) atau nilai r = 0,0001. Simpulan, terdapat peningkatan antara nilai saturasi oksigen setelah diberikan posisi Semi Fowler.

Kata Kunci: PPOK, Saturasi Oksigen, Semi Fowler
Pola Shift Perawat di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Sugianto Kartika Mawar Sari , Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri , Galleryzki Annisa Rahmi
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola shift yang digunakan rumah sakit selama masa pandemi. Desain penelitian menggunakan sistematik review melalui database online seperti Science direct, EBSCOhost, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar dan sumber pencarian lainnya. Proses pemilihan artikel menggunakan metode PRISMA. Jumlah artikel yang diperoleh adalah 795, kemudian hanya 11 yang digunakan dalam tinjauan ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola shift selama masa pandemi meliputi (1) 12 jam per shift; (2) 6 jam per shift; (3) 4-8 jam dengan pembagian waktu dalam shift; (4) pola 7-7-10; (5) jadwal kerja fleksibel, interval pendek; (6) tiga tahap rotasi dan rencana karantina 14 hari. Simpulan, pola shift 12 atau 6 jam tanpa istirahat  berdampak tidak baik bagi kesehatan perawat, sedangkan pola shift lain cenderung memperhatikan kesehatan dan keselamatan perawat di masa pandemi.

Kata Kunci: Pandemi COVID-19, Pola Shift Perawat
Making Of Classification Land Cover Through Result Of Visual Data Satellite Image Analysis Landsat 8 OLI : Case Study in Tapaktuan District, South Aceh District
Authors: Audah Safridatul , Rizky Muharratul Mina , Lindawati
Published: April 2021

Tapaktuan is the capital and administrative center of South Aceh Regency, which is a sub-district level city area known as Naga City. Tapaktuan is designated as a sub-district to be used for the expansion of the capital's land. Consideration of land suitability is needed so that the development of settlements in Tapaktuan District is directed. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of land use change from 2014 to 2018 by using remote sensing technology in the form of Landsat-8 OLI satellite data through image classification methods by determining the training area of the image which then automatically categorizes all pixels in the image into land cover class. The results obtained are the results of the two image classification tests stating the accuracy of the interpretation of more than 80% and the results of the classification of land cover divided into seven forms of land use, namely plantations, forests, settlements, open land, and clouds. From these classes, the area of land cover change in Tapaktuan is increasing in size from year to year.