bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intra-Tester Reliability and Concurrent Validity of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound and Vernier Calipre in Quantifying the Anteroposterior Diameter of the Common Extensor Origin of the Forearm and the Radial Nerve: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Dones Valentine , Aguinaldo Ian , Aycardo Svetlana , Apepe Buena
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The literature reports an increase in anteroposterior diameter of the common extensor origin (CEO) of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) or the radial nerve in painful elbows diagnosed with lateral epicondylalgia (LE) or supinator syndrome. The edge-to-edge measurements of these anatomical structures are quantified using musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS). However, in the current literature, reports on the reliability and validity of MSUS measurements of the CEO (of ECRB and EDC) and the radial nerve are not found. In this study, reliability was measured for three testers in determining the anteroposterior diameter of the CEO (of ECRB and EDC) and the radial nerve. Moreover, the concurrent validity was determined of MSUS measurements with Vernier calipre measurements using formalin preserved elbows of human cadavers. Methodology: Cadaver measurements of the CEO (of ECRB and EDC) and the radial nerve were performed. Initially, the sonologist measured the anteroposterior diameter of the CEO (of ECRB and EDC) and the radial nerve. A month after scan, the formalin preserved cadavers were dissected. Consequently, the anteroposterior diameter of the exposed CEO (of ECRB and EDC) and the radial nerve was measured using the Vernier calipre. Results: Eight upper extremities of four embalmed Filipino cadavers (2 males: 2 females) were dissected. A total of seven (7) CEO of EDC, seven (7) CEO of ECRB, and eight (8) radial nerves at the level of the radial head in the elbows of four (4) cadavers were measured using the MSUS and the Vernier calipre. The MSUS and Vernier calipre protocol used in this study was found to be reliable, p > 0.05. However, in all three levels of interest, the MSUS measurements were statistically different from the Vernier calipre measurements, p < 0.05. Conclusion: MSUS and Vernier calipre measurements are reliable methods in measuring the CEO (of ECRB and EDC) and the radial nerve. While each of these methods is reliable in measuring the anteroposterior dimensions of the CEO (of the EDC and ECRB) and the radial nerve, substituting one for the other yielded statistically different measurement results.
Decision Making About Rural Physiotherapy Service Provision Varies With Sector, Size and Rurality
Authors: Adams Robyn , Jones Anne , Lefmann Sophie , Sheppard Lorraine
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Decisions about physiotherapy service provision occur within the context of organisations, locations, and settings. The uniqueness of rural communities means it is important to consider contextual factors when making decisions about rural health services. As literature describing decision making about rural physiotherapy services is limited, this study sought perspectives on service level decision making (SLDM) from a range of stakeholders. The research approach needed to support consideration of both location and the broader health system. Method: A sequential mixed methods approach within a systems theory-case study heuristic provided the framework to explore rural physiotherapy SLDM. The investigation site, a large area of one Australian state, contained a mix of regional, rural, and remote communities. Perspectives on SLDM were obtained through surveys of physiotherapists, colleagues, and managers, with follow up interviews of a purposeful sample of participants. Results: Responses from physiotherapists, colleagues, manager surveys (n=34), and in-depth interviews (n=19) revealed commonalities and differences between sites and sectors. Available skill and expertise were common considerations across sites. Decisions about prioritisation of services occurred in both public and private settings; however, organisational priorities were a greater influence in the public sector and financial viability in the private sector. Service size influenced the perceived degree of autonomy of physiotherapists in SLDM, with physiotherapists in smaller sites having more independence. Directions from health facility management and the increasing need to prioritise services were reflected in physiotherapy responses from larger facilities. National health reforms and state level priorities were noted as influencing factors, as were connection to community, rurality, and the distance from decision makers. Conclusion: This study provides insight into decisions informing rural physiotherapy service provision. Understanding context and diversity is important to understanding local health service decisions. System level influences from macro and meso level decision makers provide the framework within which micro level physiotherapy SLDM occurs. Service sector, size and rurality then further qualify local service options and influence SLDM. Decisions about service provision need to take into consideration the current availability of services, the context of each location and skill mix required.
Implementation of an Exercise Program in Breast Cancer Rehabilitation to Improve Shoulder Outcomes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ceprnja Dragana , Maka Katherine
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To examine the effects of a group exercise program on shoulder pain, disability, range of motion, and strength. Method: This was an observational study of twenty-six patients who had undergone breast cancer surgery and were receiving physiotherapy intervention. The intervention was a supervised 8-week exercise group program. The primary outcome measure was shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). Secondary outcome measures were shoulder range of motion of flexion and abduction and strength of shoulder flexion and abduction. Results: The average age of patients referred to the group was 56-years (range of 29 to 71 years). The average time since surgery was 6-9 months (range of 2 to 16 months). The exercise group intervention resulted in small reductions in SPADI scores (pConclusion: An 8-week group exercise program can be effectively implemented in the clinic without any seen side effects. There were improvements in shoulder range of motion and strength, and a reduction in pain and disability although not clinically significant. This pilot study assists clinicians with incorporating an exercise program for patients in breast cancer rehabilitation.
Commentary: Considering Educational Perspectives and their Relevance to Allied Health Professional Education: Using Physical Therapy as an Example
Authors: Audette Jennifer , Roush Susan
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to introduce readers to three educational perspectives: progressive, critical, and professional, and explain their relevance to allied health professional education. Faculty in allied health professional education are often solely educated as clinicians and not as teachers, entering academia with limited background in educational theory. Professional organizations and accrediting bodies, however, are highlighting the need for evidence and theory-based pedagogy and practice in educational settings. Method: An overview of three educational perspectives is provided, as is a discussion of their relevance to allied health professional education, using physical therapist education as an example. Conclusion: The three perspectives presented provide diverse, yet complimentary, ways of thinking about enhancing teaching and learning, program development, faculty development, and the overall student experience. Consideration of key educational theoretical perspectives can inform program development and enhance teaching and learning. These theoretical perspectives are presented to inform rather than advocate for any one theoretical frame.
TWO DIPOLE MAGNETIC SYSTEMS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL ELECTRON ACCELERATOR
Authors: Bovda V.А. , Bovda А.М. , Guk I.S. , Dovbnya А.N. , Kononenko S.G. , Lyashchenko V.N. , Mytsykov А.О. , Onishchenko L.V.
Published: September 2021

For a 10 MeV technological accelerator, a dipole magnet with a permanent magnetic field was created using the SmCo alloy. The maximum magnetic field in the magnet gap was 0.3 T. The magnet is designed to measure the energy of the beam and to adjust the accelerator for a given energy. For a linear accelerator with an energy of 23 MeV, a dipole magnet based on the Nd-Fe-B alloy was developed and fabricated. It was designed to rotate the electron beam at a 90 degrees. The magnetic field in the dipole magnet along the path of the beam was 0.5 T. The effective length of the magnet was 242 mm.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF SWITCHING STANDS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE LUE MODULATORS
Authors: Beloglazov V.I. , Kosoy O.I. , Mats V.A. , Romasko V.P. , Chertischev I.A. , Tytov V.Yu. , Chaika I.O. , Titarenko Yu.A. , Tur Yu.D.
Published: September 2021

The results of the development, operation and improvements of switch racks are presented. Particular attention is paid to the control and protection systems of both the thyratrons themselves and the control units of the switches. The main characteristics and the degree of reliability of switching racks and thyratrons of various types are compared. The development and implementation of switching racks based on six types of thyratrons was carried out: TGI1-1000/25, TGI1-2500/35, TGI1-5000/50, TGI1-5k/50 (Russia), TGI1-2500/50 (Ukraine) and CX 1525 A (England).
ACCELERATION OF PARTICLES BY THE FIELDS OF WAVE PACKETS
Authors: Buts V.А. , Kuzmin V.V. , Tolstoluzhsky A.P.
Published: September 2021

The dynamics of particles in the field of a wave packet excited in a plasma is considered. The conditions are found under which such dynamics is regular, and when it becomes chaotic. It was found that the well-known (phenomenological) criterion for the emergence of dynamic chaos − the criterion for overlapping Chirikov nonlinear resonances − requires careful use.
CHERENKOV RADIATION OF THE RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON BUNCH IN ION DIELECTRIC MEDIA
Authors: Balakirev V.A. , Onishchenko I.N.
Published: September 2021

The process of wakefields excitation by the relativistic electron bunch in dielectric media with ion type of chemical bond is studied. The spatio-temporal structure of the excited wakefield in ion dielectric waveguide is obtained and investigated. It is shown that the excited wakefield in the infrared and longer wavelength ranges consists of the field of longitudinal optical phonons and Cherenkov radiation as a set of eigen electromagnetic waves of the dielectric waveguide.
PROPAGATION OF OPTICAL FEMTOSECOND PULSES THROUGH QUARTZ AND GLASS ВК-7
Authors: Leshchenko V.P. , Povrozin A.I. , Sotnikov G.V. , Vasiliev A.V. , Galaydych K.V. , Karelin S.Yu.
Published: September 2021

In the approximation of dispersion theory to the fourth order inclusive, a theoretical study of the propagation of optical femtosecond pulses of a Gaussian profile and a profile proportional to the hyperbolic secant through quartz and BK-7 glass was carried out. Based on the solutions of the equations for the propagation of pulses of various initial durations through optical materials, dependencies “material length − pulse duration” are obtained. It is shown that, compared with the second approximation of dispersion theory, the fourth approximation gives a slightly lengthy pulse duration. Peculiarities of various time pulse profiles on the pulses duration are also shown. Analytical consideration is confirmed by numerical calculations.
ION BEAM PROPAGATION STABILITY IN A LINAC ACCELERATING CHANNEL BASED ON COMBINED RF-FOCUSING
Authors: Tishkin S.S. , Shulika M.G. , Shulika O.M.
Published: September 2021

The issue of simultaneous longitudinal and transverse particle propagation stability in a linear ion accelerator channel based on combined RF-focusing is investigated. Values for RFQ field gradient to provide transverse propagation stability for all the particles in an acceleration mode are calculated. It is also shown that electrical strength of the electrodes influences the gradient value. Much attention is given to modeling of an accelerating-focusing channel which provides the minimal growth in beam emittance.
ATTAINABLE ELECTRON ENERGY IN DIODE WITH PLASMA CATHODE AT THE GIVEN VOLTAGE
Authors: Ostroushko V. , Pashchenko A. , Pashchenko I.
Published: September 2021

It is considered an acceleration of electrons in a one-dimensional interval, part of which is filled by ions initially compensated by electrons. For the stages of forward motion and backward motion of a part of electrons, the problem is reduced to a numerical solution of ordinary differential equations for some set of time-dependent quantities. The ratio of attainable energy to the energy corresponding to the voltage is maximum and near to 1.87475 for relatively small values of the width of the space without ions when applying a certain voltage, which, as the width is reduced, has to be reduced as a width cube.
ELECTRON BEAM DYNAMICS AT OUTPUT MAGNETRON GUN IN GRADIENT MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Mazmanishvili A.S. , Reshetnyak N.G.
Published: September 2021

The results of numerical calculations based on the electron beam dynamics generated by a magnetron gun in the transport channel in a gradient magnetic field are presented. The dependence of the final transverse distribution on a target on the amplitude and gradient of the magnetic field was investigated. The possibility of controlling the transverse dimensions of the beam has been studied. It was found that the electron flux undergoes radial compression, the magnitude of which is determined by the form of the gradient magnetic field. The main dependences of the electron beam motion in a given magnetic field are modeled. The possibility of adjusting the beam diameter by varying the magnetic field is shown.
APPLICATION OF THE SPECTRAL METHOD TO STOCHASTIC FILTER ANALYSIS
Authors: Kharchenko O.I.
Published: September 2021

The problem of standing out a signal from an additive mixture of a harmonic signal and white Gaussian noise is considered. The analysis is based on the phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR), which consists in amplifying a periodic signal under the influence of noise of a certain power. SR is a universal physical phenomenon that is typical of some nonlinear systems, and is came out not only in technical, but also in biological and social systems. When calculating the spectral characteristics of the output signal, Volterra series were used. The problem is solved using the transfer functions of Volterra without the initial definition of kernels. Volterra transfer functions are obtained by the harmonic input signal method. The influence of the input signal parameters, in particular the amplitude and frequency of the harmonic signal and the noise power, on the spectral power density of the output signal is studied. Optimal parameters values are determined. Criteria are formulated for using a stochastic filter to standing out a harmonic signal on the background white Gaussian noise.
INTERVAL ESTIMATION OF DISTRIBUTION PARAMETER BY STATISTICAL TRIALS OF EXPECTED VALUE
Authors: Barannik V.O.
Published: September 2021

The distribution parameter interval estimators are obtained by direct numerical approximation of the expected value for infinite and finite populations under the known upper and lower bounds of the random variable domain. Like in Bayesian approach, the distribution parameters are treated as random variables, and their uncertainty is described as a distribution. The Monte Carlo procedure is involved to get the correspondent confidence interval endpoints. The model does not impose any restrictions on the type of distributions. In contrast to other nonparametric interval assessments of distribution parameters, the model is operable for samples of any size.
OPERATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL ELECTRON ACCELERATOR IN A DOUBLE-BEAM e,X-MODE
Authors: Shevchenko V.A. , Tenishev A.Eh. , Uvarov V.L. , Zakharchenko A.A.
Published: September 2021

Analysis of mixed e,X-radiation formation in output devices of an industrial electron accelerator is conducted. The possibility is demonstrated to obtain an extra radiation channel on the basis of a practically free source of Xrays simultaneously with the main channel of product processing with electron beam. The conditions of production of the secondary radiation in the state of electronic equilibrium at product treatment with scanning electron beam in the main radiation channel are studied by means of computer simulation. The dependence of spatial radiant characteristics of the X-ray radiation on the spectrum of a primary electron beam and surface density of a treated load has been established. For an industrial accelerator LU-10 of NSC KIPT, the regime of object processing in the extra radiation channel is examined. The results of calculation of the X-ray dose rate and its spatial distribution are in good agreement with the experimental data. The comparative capacity of both radiation channels of the plant is analyzed. The extra radiation source can be used for the execution of non-commercial programs like sanitation of cultural artefacts.
SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND SPUTTERING OF FeCrAl COATING ON STEEL EXPOSED TO LOW-ENERGY DEUTERIUM PLASMAS
Authors: Voyevodin V.N. , Tolstolutskaya G.D. , Nikitin A.V. , Vasilenko R.L. , Kuprin A.S. , Belous V.A. , Ovcharenko V.D.
Published: September 2021

Processes of sputtering and surface modification of FeCrAl coatings deposited on steel by vacuum arc was studied under the influence of low-energy (500 eV) deuterium plasma with fluence (4⋅1024) D+/m2 at room temperature. It was determined the composition of coatings by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer allowed to establish that the elements in the coatings are distributed more evenly when it coated in a nitrogen atmosphere. Results of erosion studies indicated that the sputtering yields for deuterium on coatings are 1.3…0.45 at./ion and at least two-three times less in comparison with initial alloys and published data for pure iron and chromium. For coatings deposited in a nitrogen atmosphere found that the obtained sputtering coefficients are almost an order of magnitude smaller in comparison with published data for pure iron and chromium and only 1.8 times higher compared to tungsten.
Uso del modelo AMMI para el análisis de la interacción genotipo ambiente en variedades de maíz amiláceo de Tayacaja, Perú
Authors: García Mendoza Pedro José , Medina Castro Darío Emiliano , Prieto Rosales Gino Paul , Manayay Sánchez Damián , Ortecho Llanos Ronald
Published: September 2021

La interacción genotipo por ambiente (IGA) resulta la principal limitante para seleccionar los mejores genotipos para diversos ambientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue utilizar el modelo de efectos principales aditivos e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI) para evaluar la IGA de 25 variedades de maíz amiláceo. La información fue generada en cuatro ensayos establecidos en ambientes contrastantes de la provincia de Tayacaja, Perú, en el ciclo del cultivo 2019 – 2020. Se utilizó el diseño alfa látice 5x5, con tres repeticiones, en donde las unidades experimentales estuvieron constituidas por dos hileras de 4 m de longitud, con arreglos espaciales de 0,80 m entre hileras y 0,20 m entre puntos de siembra. La IGA se midió a través del rendimiento de grano, ajustado a 15 % de humedad. Una vez comprobada la importancia de la IGA en los experimentos, se realizó el análisis multivariado, para obtener los valores singulares de los términos AMMI que resultaron significativos para genotipos y ambientes. La IGA resultó altamente significativa y explicó alrededor del 33 % de la variación fenotípica del rendimiento. El modelo AMMI explicó alrededor del 92 % de la variación debida a la IGA, en donde los dos primeros ejes concentraron toda esta variación y permitieron identificar variedades con adaptación específica y otras con amplia adaptación a los ambientes de prueba. Los resultados sugieren que el modelo AMMI fue apropiado para evaluar la IGA y para identificar las mejores variedades para cada ambiente de prueba.
Gestión integrada para la cuenca transfronteriza del Chinchipe en el norte peruano
Authors: Dilas-Jiménez Josué Otoniel
Published: September 2021

La gestión integrada de la cuenca debe ser analizada desde un punto de vista complejo y desde las distintas ópticas que lo abordan. La implementación de acciones y planes de gestión integrada de cuencas no es sencillo, dada la alta variabilidad del territorio en el caso peruano, sobre todo cuando se trata de cuencas transfronterizas. La cuenca del Chinchipe, cuenca transfronteriza Perú-Ecuador, es parte de la vertiente amazónica, se ubica en una zona estratégica y productiva del norte peruano principalmente en territorio de la región Cajamarca, predomina la actividad agrícola con cultivo de café en la cuenca media y cultivos de arroz, cacao, otros cultivos en la cuenca baja. Entre sus principales debilidades para la gestión integrada se destaca la no conformación del Consejo de Recurso Hídricos de la Cuenca como actor institucional básico del sistema según la Ley peruana, el limitado empoderamiento de la Autoridad Local del Agua Chinchipe-Chamaya, la escasa integración de los actores de la cuenca, entre otros. Sin embargo, se ha analizado que esta cuenca tiene un alto potencial para contribuir al desarrollo del territorio, por ello, en este documento se desarrolla una propuesta de gestión integrada de la cuenca del Chinchipe.
Screening of rice proteins using 2-d gels after inoculation with Rhizotonia solani
Authors: Morela Delgado Fuchs , Fernández Marisol , Pérez-Almeida Iris
Published: September 2021

Sheath blight caused by Rhizotonia solani is described as the second major disease affecting rice. Genetic resistance to R. solani the ideal control measure is hampered because of the difficulty in identifying adequate resistance sources under typical selection conditions. Proteomic analysis techniques using two-dimensional gels (2D-PAGE) allow the study or monitoring of global changes in protein expression under normal and stress conditions. In this work, we compared rice leaves protein expression patterns of two Venezuelan varieties 12, 24 and 48 h after inoculation with R. solani. Approximately 400 and 300 protein spots stained with Sypro Ruby were reproducibly resolved across gel replicates, for PALMAR and FONAIAP-2000, respectively. Forty proteins out of a total 49 were identified for PALMAR variety, with thirty-two up-regulated protein spots and 8 down-regulated. Twenty-six proteins out of a total 33 were identified for FONAIAP-2000 variety, with seven up-regulated protein spots and 19 down-regulated. RuBisCo was the protein most identified (48% and 82% of the detected proteins for PALMAR and FONAIAP-2000, respectively). Other identified proteins showing variations were ATPase beta subunit, UDP-glucose anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase, RNA-binding protein, putative transkelotase 1, putative ferredoxin-NAPD(H) oxide-reductase, and putative 33kDa oxygen evolving protein photosystem II. Based on our results, rice response to R. solani could be described where energy is required to induce a defense and it is supplied by proteins involved in energy metabolism. According to this, proteomic could provide information and insights on the response of rice to challenge with R. solani and other pathogens.
Efecto de la temperatura de extrusión en la mezcla de harinas de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) y arroz Orysa sativa) para la producción de un Snack
Authors: Aranda Tarazona Jair Jol , Bocanegra Reyes Glimer Idan , Pantoja-Tirado Lucia , Prieto Rosales Gino Paul , Rodriguez-Paucar Gilbert , Aguirre Vargas Elza
Published: September 2021

Los granos de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis S.) poseen un elevado contenido proteico, siendo además muy ricos en algunos aminoácidos esenciales, tales como la lisina. Sin embargo, los parámetros de extrusión afectan de manera significativa los contenidos proteicos de los productos generados. El objetivo principal del estudio fue determinar la mejor temperatura de extrusión en un snack elaborado a partir de harinas de tarwi y arroz. Para la producción del snack se utilizó la harina de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet), en tres concentraciones (8, 10 y 12 %) y tres proporciones de la harina de arroz (Orysa sativa) (88, 90 y 92 %). Los parámetros de extrusión fueron: temperatura de extrusión (100, 110, 115) °C, velocidad de rotación del tornillo 1560 rpm, velocidad de alimentación 1kg/min, velocidad de cuchilla 630 rpm, caudal de agua 19.5 ml/min y diámetro de la boquilla de salida 0,6 mm. Se utilizó un diseño factorial multinivel, consiguiendo 9 corridas experimentales. Los resultados de los análisis sensorial y químico proximal determinaron que la mejor formulación del snack se obtuvo con el 90 % del contenido de arroz y 10 % del contenido de tarwi; además se determinó que la temperatura de extrusión fue de 110°C. El snack elaborado resultó con un contenido proteico de 13.11 %, 4.03 % de fibra y su tiempo de vida útil fue de 25 días; resultando un producto de alto contenido proteico, de alta aceptación organoléptica y apto para el consumo.
ULUSLARARASI GÖÇÜN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZİ: GÖÇMEN KAÇAKÇILIĞI SUÇU ÜZERİNE TESPİTLER
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Aykut
Published: September 2021

Göçün dinamik ve süregelen yapısı, ülkelerin sosyo-mekânsal durumlarından etkilenerek göç sürecine karar veren bireylerin tercihlerini optimize etmektedir. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte yaşanan toplumsal değişimler nüfus hareketliliğine ivme kazandırırken, cazibe merkezleri olarak görülen yerleşim yerlerine göç sürecini de hızlandırmıştır. Yaşanan bu gelişmeler ülkelerin göçü idare etmelerinin yanı sıra göçün nesne konumunda yer aldığı bir suçla da mücadele etmelerine neden olmuştur.

Amaç: Bu çalışma Avrupa Birliğinde göç oranlarının yüksek olduğu ülkelere ilişkin eurostat üzerinden temin edilen veriler sayesinde uluslararası göç kavramını sosyal politika araçları arasında yer alan minimum (asgari) ücret üzerinden analiz etmektedir. Böylesine bir amaç göç sürecine karar veren bireylerin ekonomik ideal arayışına yanıt ararken, Türkiye’de son yıllarda artış gösteren göçmen kaçakçılığı suçuna ışık tutmaktadır.

Yöntem/Tasarım / Metodoloji / Yaklaşım: Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemi çerçevesinde ikincil veri analiz tekniği kullanılmış, kümülatif olarak yıllara göre artış gösterdiği anlaşılan göç değişkeni ülkelerin ulusal para birimleri esas alınarak minimum ücret üzerine etkisi test edilmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye özelinde göçmen kaçakçılığı suçunun düzensiz göçmen sayısı üzerinden ilişkisel durumu araştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Parametrik olmayan test sonuçlarına göre göç yoğunluğu ile ülkelerin minimum ücretleri arasında negatif düzeyde bir ilişkiye rastlanmıştır. Bununla beraber İspanya ve Türkiye’nin 2015 yılından sonra artan göç oranlarının karşılığı ise coğrafi açıdan göç rotasını ve sosyal ağların önemini bizlere göstermiştir. Türkiye’de son on yıllık süreçte göçmen kaçakçılığı suçun artış gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır.

Özgünlük: Göçmen kavramının sosyal ağlar nedeniyle Türkiye özelinde göçmen kaçakçılığı suçu açısından ilişkisel rolü yıllara göre artan suç istatistiklerine yansımış ve organize suç teorileri açısından önemi yeniden sorgulanmıştır.
GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE NOS DOCUMENTOS CURRICULARES: REPRESENTAÇÕES E SIGNIFICADOS NO ÂMBITO DAS CIÊNCIAS E BIOLOGIA
Authors: Leite Vinícius Souza Magalhães , Meirelles Rosane Moreira Silva de
Published: September 2021

Debates sobre gênero e sexualidade no campo educacional vem apresentando notável crescimento, sendo essencial pensar a temática para além dos aspectos normativos, contextualizando aspectos históricos, subjetivos, socioculturais e curriculares. Os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) constituíram o corpus de análise dessa pesquisa, que objetivou caracterizar as abordagens de gênero e sexualidade no âmbito das ciências e biologia. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental com posterior análise de conteúdo a partir da leitura flutuante com os descritores “gênero” e “sexualidade” nos volumes relativos à Ciências e Biologia, em ambos documentos. Os PCN apresentaram concepções reducionistas, mas também abordagens críticas voltadas para a promoção da igualdade e valorização da diversidade, em relação aos dois descritores utilizados. Entretanto, em relação à BNCC, os dados mostraram que não houve resultado foi obtido com a busca pelo descritor “gênero. Quanto ao descritor “sexualidade”, apenas um resultado foi visto, relacionado ao viés biologizante e reducionista.
RELAÇÃO CONCEITUAL DOS ALUNOS E CONTEXTO ESCOLAR NA PERCEPÇÃO DE DIREITOS E REPRESENTATIVIDADE LGBTQIA+
Authors: Santos Danilo
Published: September 2021

A escola faz parte do dia a dia dos alunos e possui um importante papel na construção de valores morais e cidadãos, o que inclui a temática relacionada à diversidade sexual. Este trabalho apresenta atividades de estágio com pesquisa sobre esse tema em uma disciplina da Universidade de São Paulo, realizadas de modo remoto em 2020, durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Foi desenvolvida uma aula interativa sobre diversidade sexual e de gênero, aplicada no Ensino Médio de uma escola particular em São Paulo. Um dia antes da aula, aplicamos um questionário para alunos do 1º, 2º e 3º anos do Ensino Médio, com objetivo de conhecer a familiaridade dos alunos com conceitos ligados ao contexto LGBTQIA+ político e social. Os resultados mostram que os alunos possuem um olhar crítico com relação à luta LGBTQIA+, apesar de certa confusão quanto aos conceitos abordados no questionário, como gênero e orientação sexual.
Impacto de la mercadotecnia en las ventas de las micro y pequeñas empresas en México
Authors: Abarca Otero Mario , Alvarado González Oscar , Lozano Tapia Omar , Castro Solís José Ángel
Published: September 2021

Este estudio analiza el impacto de la mercadotecnia en las ventas de las micro y pequeñas empresas (MyPES) en México.El concepto de mercadotecnia implica la comprensión y utilización de tres funciones por parte de las empresas: orientación al cliente, sistemas de operación y utilidades. Barragán, et al. (2005/2002:59). Los resultados muestran que, los directoresde las micro y pequeñas empresas en México, no están haciendo un uso apropiado de la mercadotecnia; es decir, la aplicación de la mercadotecnia está limitada, y por ende las ventas siguen manteniéndose iguales. La muestra nacional fue 25,750 micro y pequeñas empresas, ubicadas en 145 municipios del país y agrupados en 53 zonas.
AbstractThis research analyzes the impact of marketing on sales of micro and small businesses in Mexico.The concept of marketing implies the understanding and use of three functions by the companies: customer orientation, operating systems and profits. Barragán et al. (2005/2002:59).The results show that managers from micro and small businesses in Mexico are not making an appropriate use of marketing; That is, the application of marketing is limited, and therefore sales remain the same.The national sample was 25,750 micro andsmall businesses, located in 145 municipalities of the country and grouped in 53 zones.
Cómo influye la mercadotecnia en las ventas de las micro y pequeñas empresas de León, Guanajuato
Authors: Leal Lucio Graciela Susana
Published: September 2021

Cada país considera para la clasificación de las empresas, su experiencia y características propias, sus necesidadessingulares y los intereses generados. Con base en la clasificación que se determine se generan las políticas, medidas y estrategias económicas para apoyar y fomentar el desarrollo de dichas organizaciones. El término marketing es un anglicismo que en español suele traducirse como mercadotecnia o mercadeo. Doble meta del Maketing consiste en atraer a nuevos clientes prometiéndoles un valor superior y mantener y hacer crecer los clientes actuales satisfaciendo sus necesidades. Los mercadólogos necesitan comprender las necesidades y deseos de los clientes y del mercado en el cual operan. En todo momento se debe ser consciente de la estrategia de diferenciación basada en el servicio aumentado o valor añadido y actuar consecuentemente.
AbstractEach country considers for the classification of the companies, their experience and own characteristics, their singular needs and the generated interests. Based on the classification that is determined, the policies, measures and economic strategies are generated to support and encourage the development of said organizations. The term marketing is an Anglicism that in Spanish is usually translated as marketing or marketing. Maketing's double goal is to attract new clients by promising them superior value and to maintain and grow current clients by satisfying their needs. Marketers need to understand the needs and desires of customers and the market in which they operate. At all times we must be aware of the differentiation strategy based on the increased service or added value and act accordingly.
estrés percibido por género y sus factores condicionantes: caso de estudio en los directivos de Valle de Santiago, Guanajuato
Authors: Ramírez Lemus Lidia , Uribe Plaza María Guadalupe , Bravo Andrade Bibiano , Mendoza García Patricia del Carmen
Published: September 2021

En el país 99% de las empresas son clasificadas como micro y pequeñas, donde el 26% de los empresarios opta por emprender un negocio para complementar el ingreso familiar, el 25% de los problemas que enfrentan las mypes es por la cuestión de bajas ventas. (Aguilar, Posada, & Peña, 2016).En el caso del municipio de Valle de Santiago, tiene una población de 141058 habitantes (INEGI, 2015), en la investigación llevada a cabo en el año 2016, se realizaron 520 encuestas a mypes. De las cuales el perfil del empresario considera que por género el 54% son mujeres, 45% son hombres, con una edad de 46 a 55 años por un 28% y el 70% de ellos se encuentran casados (Mendoza, Uribe, Ramírez , & Bravo, 2016).El trabajo arduo, las responsabilidades, el control, el tomar decisiones, el tener las cosas en tiempo y forma son algunos de los factores condicionantes en el estudio para determinar el estrés percibido y la correlación que existe de acuerdo al género en los directivos de las mypes.De esta manera se observa que los hombres están sometidos al estrés cuando se presentan algunos de los factores como: controlar lo inesperado, lo cual hace difícil superar las dificultades generando molestia en ellos; aun así afrontan los cambios importantes y son positivos, por otro lado, las mujeres perciben un mayor estrés con las cosas importantes, se preocupan más por las cosas que tienen que hacer pero tienen una mayor capacidad para manejar los problemas.
AbstractIn the country 99% of companies are classified as micro and small, where 26% of entrepreneurs opt to start a business to supplement family income, 25% of the problems facing mypes is due to the issue of low sales. (Aguilar, Posada, & Peña, 2016).In the case of the municipality of Valle de Santiago, it has a population of 141058 habitants (INEGI, 2015), in the investigation carried out in 2016, 520 surveys were carried out to mypes. The profile of the entrepreneur considers that by gender, 54% are women, 45% are men, with an age of 46-55 years by28% and 70% of them are married (Mendoza, Uribe, Ramírez, & Bravo, 2016).Hard work, responsibilities, control, making decisions, having things in time and form are some of the conditioning factors in the study to determine the perceived stress and correlation that exists according to gender in the managers of the Mypes.In this way, it is observed that men are subjected to stress when they present some of the factors like: control the unexpected, which makes it difficult to overcome difficulties causing discomfort in them; Yet they face important changes and are positive, on the other hand, women perceive greater stress with important things, care more about the things they must do, but they have a greater capacity to handle problems.
Management of Kaphaja Yoni Vyapat by Panchavalkala Arka w.s.r to Vuvlovaginal Candidiasis- A Case Report
Authors: Deepthi.G.B  , Gayathri. Bhat.N.V
Published: September 2021

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is caused due to different candida species, most commonly C.albicans. It occurs in 1-14% of all women of reproductive age throughout the world and its prevalence in India is estimated to be 30% It may be physiological condition but when turns into pathological, produces associated symptoms such as pruritus, backache, white discharge with foul smell and alters the PH of the vaginal flora. This can be correlated to the Lakshanas of Kaphaja yoni vyapat, where there will be Kaphavrudhi all over the body. Management of this condition is by using Ruksha, Katu, Ushna dravyas. Sthanika Chikitsa such as Yoni Prakshalana (douching), Yoni Pichu (tamponing per vagina), Yoni Varti (local use of pessaries) and Yoni Dhoopana (fumigation) have been mentioned and these modalities are found effective in treating Kaphaja Yoni Vyapat. During the current era, many vaginal washes is available easily over the counter and women prefers using such preparation, when they come across vaginal itching and discomfort and abnormal vaginal discharge. Here is an effort to prepare a colorless, odorless solution, adopting the principals of Ayurveda which can be convenient for washing easily at home for women. Methodology: Here is a case report of a patient with complaints of Kaphaja Yoni Vyapat diagnosed vaginal candidiasis by swab smear test selected from outpatient department of SDM Ayurveda hospital Hassan. Panchavalkala Arka will be given to the pts and advised to wash it twice a day for 7 days. Results: Local therapies such as Sthanika Chikitsa have lot of potential in treating Yoni Vyapad and in Panchavalkala Arka the drugs with its Guna Karma helps in breaking the Samprapti of Kaphaja Yoni Vyapat. Discussion: PVQ Arka is a liquid preparation obtained using Arkayantra which contains the 5 Ksheeravrukshadravyas and indicated for Shotha. The Dravyas by its Guna Karma Vranashodana, Ropana, Yonidoshahara, Kandugna properties which helps to treatment of Kaphaja Yoni Vyapat. Hence here is an attempt to use Panchavalkala in Arka form and help the women kind as an easily available Ayurvedic vaginal wash in treating Vuvlo Vaginal Candidiasis.
A Clinical Study on the Effect of Vaitaran Basti in the Management of Amavata vis-a-vis Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Gulhane Harshad  , Bhople Sunanda  , Sangita Vidhale  , Anjali Deshmukh  , Anup Pande
Published: September 2021

The disease Amavata described in classical Ayurvedic literature is closely mimic with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in modern medical science. Amavata is the challenging problem for medical science with different treatment protocol. In this clinical study 15 patients were included having typical symptoms. All the included patients treated with Vaitaran Basti (medicated enema) to evaluate its efficacy in said disease. The patients were diagnosed on the basis of American criteria of Rheumatoid Arthritis as well as signs and symptoms mentioned in the classics.
Aim: To assess the efficacy of Vaitaran Basti in the patients of Amavata, reveal the probable action of Vaitarana Basti in the management of Amavata. Materials and Methods: In the present study 15 patients of Amavata were studied. These patients were selected irrespective of sex, religion and economical status. The patients were diagnosed on the basis of American criteria of Rheumatoid Arthritis as well as signs and symptoms mentioned in the classics. American is mentioned criteria of Rheumatoid. Result: Paired t test was applied to this BT and AT scores as these grades are accepted as per international norms. It showed that administered therapy reduced degree of disease activity significantly as P < 0.001. Conclusion: It showed that administered therapy reduced degree of disease activity significantly as P < 0.001.
Ayurveda Medicinal Plant Bala (Sida Cordifolia Linn.) from Vedas, Samhitas and Nighantus: A Literary Review
Authors: Sukha Ram  , Neetu Sharma  , Mita Kotecha  , Krutika Chaudhary
Published: September 2021

Background: Sida cordifolia (Linn.) commonly known as Bala, belonging to a family malvaceae is a very important medicinal plant since long in a traditional remedy of India. The drug is given many vernacular names i.e. Kharethi in Hindi, Baladana in Gujarati and Chikana in Malayalam etc. Medicinal plant Bala review is very helpful to achieve Ayurveda literature. Data Source: The information has been collected from many research articles, Vedas, Samhitas and Nighanus and internet sources etc. to the concept of medicinal uses of Bala. Conclusion: Bala in different Vedas and Samhitas we find it’s different to indicate Vishaghna, Brihmana, Kantikarka, Grahi, Vrishya, Ojhovardhaka, Balya, Rasayan properties and in all Nighantus its Madhura Rasa, Snigdha Guna, Shita Virya, Madhura Vipaka have been mentioned excluding Raja Nighantu which have not indication its Guna and Virya. Various types of Bala are clear by Samahitas and Nighantus under groups of Baladvaya, Balatraya, Balachatushtaya and Balapanchaya. The review displays that Bala is used in many disorders like Vatarakta, Jwara, Vyanga, Vata-Vyadhi and Nilika etc. in Samhitas it is used in different forms of drug i.e. Basti, Peya, Shaka, Yavagu, Ghrita, Taila, Pralepa, Kashaya, Sweda and Lepa etc. and many synonyms are presents various Nighantus. This study review highlights its description in Vedas, Samhitas and Nighantus.
Kuchala (Strychnous Nuxvomica Linn) - Known as Toxic and Less Known as an Effective Medicinal Herb
Authors: Rita Kumari
Published: September 2021

Strychnous nuxvomica Linn, known as Kuchala in Ayurveda is a well known poisonous herb that consists of multiple health benefits in Indian system of medicine. In Ayurveda, it is said as Upavisha and used as a popular folk medicine from ancient times. This Kuchala is still being used in rural India in the medicinal form. Strychnine is a main contain of Kuchala which was first used in 1540 for the purpose of medicine and continued to be used in many stimulants, tonics and cathartics. It includes constituents like alkaloids with flavonoids, iridoids and phenolic glycosides. Research studies have reported its anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antipyretic, gastroprotective, antidiabetic, antialcoholic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-snake venom and neuropharmacological properties. Though considered as an extremely poisonous plant, but has enormous medicinal properties.
Peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell pool in individuals chronically exposed to radiation over a long-term period
Authors: Kotikova AI , Blinova EA , Akleyev AV
Published: September 2021

Changes in the peripheral blood cellular composition were observed in the long term period in the residents of the Techa riverside villages chronically exposed to radiation, which may be the consequence of structural and functional disorders in the pool of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and progenitor cells. Therefore, the study was aimed to quantify peripheral blood CD34+ cell pool in individuals chronically exposed to radiation over a long-term period. Sixty years after the onset of exposure, a total of 153 individuals were examined, who were divided into four groups: individuals exposed in utero and postnatally (the average postnatal absorbed dose was 570 mGy); individuals exposed only postnatally (the average postnatal absorbed dose was 790 mGy), and two comparison groups, in which the average postnatal absorbed dose to red bone marrow did not exceed 70 mGy. Absolute and relative peripheral blood CD34+ cell counts in chronically exposed individuals were assessed by flow cytometry. No changes in CD34+ cell counts compared to comparison group were revealed in the group of individuals exposed in utero and postnatally; no age-related changes were registered as well. However, a significant decline in absolute HSC and progenitor cell counts with increased absorbed dose to red bone marrow was observed. In the group of individuals exposed only postnatally, there was a significant increase in peripheral blood CD34+ cell counts compared to comparison group (p = 0.004 for absolute cell count; p = 0.009 for relative cell count), dose-dependent increase in peripheral blood HSC and precursor cell counts (p = 0.02 for absolute cell count; p = 0.03 for relative cell count), along with age-related decline in these cells’ counts (р = 0.02 for absolute cell count; p = 0.04 for relative cell count).
As formas de resistência dos trabalhadores no contexto da indústria 4.0 e da inteligência artifical
Authors: Lazzareschi Noêmia , Graglia Marcelo Augusto Vieira , Huelsen Patricia
Published: September 2021

Este artigo procura demonstrar as reações políticas dos trabalhadores às transformações tecnológicas e organizacionais, isto é, à reestruturação do processo de produção e de prestação de serviços, que acompanha as transformações do cenário histórico mundial, como frutos dos seus condicionantes tecnocientíficos, econômicos, políticos, sociais, culturais, nacionais e internacionais. Embora não se abrace a tese do dedterminismo tecnológico, as novas condições de trabalho são aqui consideradas como um dos fatores determinantes das formas de resistência dos trabalhadores e da orientação política dos movimentos sindicais em todos os países do mundo. Surge dessa compreensão, com fundamento na vasta literatura sobre os movimentos sindicais no Brasil, a relação entre taulorismo;fordismo e sindicalismo de confronto; toyotismo e sindicalismo de negociação; quarta revolução tecnológica e tendência à independência dos sindicatos e das centrais sindicais, graças aos meios tecnológicos de comunicação direta entre os pares, para a apresentação, organização e luta por novas reivindicações.
(In)visíveis e essenciais: migração de trabalhadores rurais na pandemia
Authors: Ramalho Claudilene da Costa , Apostolos Gustavo Giovanny dos Reis , Reis Tainá
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta um estudo preliminar sobre o processo de migração de trabalhadores para atividades agrícolas da região dos “Vales” e norte de Minas Gerais, durante o período de pandemia. Foi elaborado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e de informações obtidas no  Relatório para a Comissão Pastoral da Terra sobre o tema, que apresenta dados sobre a migração trabalhadores da região em tela, no período de abril a maio de 2020. Foi possível perceber que, como resultado do modelo de desenvolvimento agrícola construído ao longo dos últimos cinquenta anos, forja-se um contínuo processo de migração temporária para cadeias do agronegócio, que permanece mesmo durante a pandemia, revelando que esses trabalhadores permanecem (in)visibilizados pelas relações capitalistas, com quase nenhuma política de proteção social e/ou trabalhista.