bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Conventional Cold Dissection and Coblation Method of Tonsillectomy
Authors: Nelson Jyolsna , Varghese Nevil , Joseph Andrews Chakramakal , Menon Arjun Gopinathan , Antony Rosemol
Published: February 2023

Background:

Various tonsillectomy techniques are available to improve intraoperative and postoperative morbidity. Conventional cold dissection tonsillectomy is a time-tested technique while coblation tonsillectomy is a relatively newer method. This study aimed to compare the difference in intraoperative and postoperative morbidity and the surgical time between cold dissection and the coblation method of tonsillectomy.

Methodology:

We performed a comparative study among patients (4–35 years) who underwent tonsillectomy either by conventional cold dissection or by coblation method by the same surgeon. Intraoperative parameters such as surgical time and hemorrhage; postoperative parameters such as hemorrhage, pain (using pain score at 6th h, 1st, and 7th postoperative day), healing of tonsillar fossa (percentage of slough covered area), and return to normal diet were determined.

Results:

Surgical time for the coblation method (26.42 min) was significantly (P = 0.002) less than the conventional method (34.88 min). Similarly, intraoperative blood loss was significantly less for the coblation method when compared to the conventional method (7.3 ml vs. 18.5 ml, respectively, P < 0.001). The postoperative pain on the 1st day was significantly less in the coblation technique than in the conventional method (score 4.42 vs. 5.73, respectively, P = 0.001). Slough covered area on the tonsillar fossa on the 1st postoperative day was significantly more in the coblation technique than the conventional method (67% vs. 51%, respectively, P = 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage and resumption of diet.

Conclusion:

Coblation tonsillectomy is superior to conventional tonsillectomy in terms of surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative pain.
Adjustment disorder among first year medical students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2020
Authors: Alhussain Fahad A. , Onayq Abdulhakim I. Bin , Ismail Dawood H. , Alduayj Mohammed A. , Alawbathani Turki A. , Aljaffer Mohammed A.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The general health and well-being of medical students has become a matter of concern, as medical students have higher levels of stress than their nonmedical peers. Long-standing stress may lead to serious outcomes, such as depression, anxiety, poor quality of life, or adjustment disorders. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of first year medical students who have adjustment disorder and explore possible risk factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among all first-year medical students at King Saud University, College of Medicine, Saudi Arabia. The adjustment disorder-new model 20 (ADNM-20) was used to assess adjustment disorder with the stressor and item lists. The item list scores were summed and a cutoff point >47.5 was designated as a high risk of developing the disorder. Descriptive analysis included computing mean and standard deviation for continuous variable while frequency and percentages for categorical variables. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis determined risk factors for having an adjustment disorder and the stress of attending a medical school.

RESULTS:

The study enrolled 267 students but only 128 completed the ADNM-20 survey. Out of 267 students, the most commonly reported recent stressor was too much/too little work, and 52.8% reported having difficulty in meeting deadlines. The most common core symptom expressed by the medical students was avoidance behavior with a mean score of 10.91 ± 3.12, followed by preoccupation with stressors with a mean score of 10.66 ± 3.10. The factors significantly associated with having adjustment disorder were being female, younger age, recent illness of a loved one, having family conflicts, and having too much or too little work.

CONCLUSION:

First year medical students are at increased risk of adjustment disorder. Screening and awareness programs may be considered for preventing adjustment disorder. Increased student-staff interactions may provide support to adapt to their new environment and help reduce social adjustment difficulties.
The Prevalence, Classification, and Potential Clinical Implications of Anatomical Variations of First Cervical Vertebra
Authors: Pandey Priyanka , Yadav Swati , Pasricha Navbir , Narayan Shamrendra
Published: February 2023

Background:

First cervical vertebra has different anatomical features than other cervical vertebrae. It holds globe of skull and lacks body and spine. It is composed of 2 lateral masses linked by anterior and posterior arches. Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane is attached to posterior arch whose lateral edge sometimes ossifies thus converting groove into canal. Consequently, neurovascular groove gets converted into a bony ring “ponticulus posticus”. It can cause of neck pain and headache. Knowledge of this variation is important during various orthopedic procedures involving atlas including C1 lateral mass screw placement. Congenital defects of atlantal arch a developmental failure of chondrogenesis is a rare anomaly. These defects are a benign variation discovered incidentally. Detection of these anomalies is clinically important as they can cause acute neurologic deficits, which is associated with neck extension.

Study was done:

To determine the prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus and to report the frequency of various types of congenital malformations of the atlantal arch.

Methodology:

250 computerized tomography (CT) head and neck in axial and sagittal sections from Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) of Dr RMLIMS, Lucknow was studied as CT is the best method to study the bony landmarks and any anomaly. Prevalence of variations was calculated. Data was analyzed statistically using SPSS version 21 by Chi-square test.

Result:

Prevalence of ponticulus posticus was 32.4%. Males had higher prevalence (20.4%) than females (12%). Incomplete ponticulus posticus (24.4%) was more than complete variant (8%). There was predominance of left sided ponticulus posticus(12% vs 8.4%) Deficient posterior arch was found in 9(3.6%) cases. 6 were of type A 3 were of type B.

Conclusion:

This study will help in determining cause of neurological deficit in patients due to presence of above variations.
Development of the Submucosa and Musculature in the Human Fetal Stomach
Authors: Roy Nivedita , Roy Sagnik
Published: February 2023

Background:

Development of the human fetal stomach starts at the 4th week of intrauterine life. The knowledge of histogenesis of the musculature of the stomach is important for understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of gastric adenomyoma, congenital anomalies like congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, and abnormalities in the development of the enteric nervous system. The aim of this study was to find out the histogenesis of the submucosa (SM), muscularis mucosa (MM), and muscularis externa (ME) in the human fetal stomach.

Methodology:

Sixty-three freshly aborted fetuses which were free from any gross abnormality were collected from the obstetrics and gynecology department and studied for 2 years. The fetuses were dissected, the stomach was removed, and the tissue was processed for a histological study. Staining was done by hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Van Gieson's stain. Slides were studied under Zeiss branded light microscope using ×10 and ×40 objectives.

Results:

MM was discontinuous initially and became well defined by 21 weeks in the fundus and body and by the 23rd week in the pyloric region. The density of collagen fibers increased gradually in SM and was seen in bundles from the 23rd week onward. The thickness of SM was more than ME till 22 weeks, and after 27 weeks, it was less than that of ME. In the fundus and body of the stomach, till 18 weeks, ME consisted of two layers, with the inner oblique layer being thicker than the circular layer. The circular layer thickened gradually, and the longitudinal layer appeared by the 25th week. In the pyloric region, initially, there was only a circular layer. The oblique and longitudinal muscle layers appeared at 17–18 weeks and 25th week, respectively. The thickness of the circular layer was found to be more than that of the body from the 21st week onward and became much thicker at around the 27th week. The histological feature of MM, ME, and SM of the stomach resembled an adult pattern by the 28th week of gestational age.

Conclusion:

The findings of the present study about the time of appearance and further development of MM and ME and the thickness and formation of SM of the human fetal stomach are quite comprehensive. These findings are expected to aid in the knowledge of histogenesis of the stomach in the human fetuses and help in the diagnosis and treatment of various congenital anomalies and clinical conditions involving gastric connective tissue and musculature.
Effects of head posture on intraocular pressure and heart rate of human beings
Authors: Kumar Aalok , Srivastav Tanmay
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The study analyzed the association of head posture on intraocular pressure (IOP). The study aimed to evaluate and measure the changes in IOP and heart rate (HR) of human beings on head-down posture. The study included 105 patients at the department of ophthalmology of a tertiary care center in India.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Patients underwent applanation tonometry and HR variability (HRV) analysis before and after 20 min of head-down posture (approximately 20°). The IOP and HRV were measured.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

The statistical methods of Paired t-test and linear regression analysis were applied. P < 0.05 was defined as statistically significant.

RESULTS:

After 20 min of the 20° head-down position, an increase in IOP was significant from 15.0 ± 2.0 mmHg to 18.0 ± 2.3 mmHg (P < 0.001). A decrease in HR was also significant from 78 ± 10.48 bpm to 72 ± 10.52 bpm after the head-down position for 20 min (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

These outcomes presented the first evidence of the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system in the head-down position which might cause decreased HR and the collapse of Schlemm's canal lumen, which in turn leads to the increased IOP.
Atypical corneal clouding in mucopolysaccharidoses
Authors: Stephen Mary , Loganathan M , Swathi S , Priyavadhana B
Published: February 2023

The etiology for corneal clouding from the birth is varied and includes conditions such as sclerocornea, birth trauma, corneal ulcer, Peters anomaly, and rare causes like mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). The lysosomal storage disorders are associated with a varied ocular manifestation including bilateral corneal clouding which is often mild and stippled except in few cases like Hunter syndrome where cornea is often clear. We report a case of MPS Type I S (MPS 1) with near-normal visual acuity and bilateral dense corneal clouding with sparing of central 3 mm of cornea. The patient also had typical facial and skeletal abnormalities of lysosomal storage disorder. To our best knowledge, MPS 1 with marked corneal clouding with sparing of central cornea is very rare and has not been reported. This case report emphasizes on the atypical ocular presentation of MPS and the need for ophthalmological screening in the storage disorders.
Visual outcome and complications of small-incision cataract surgery
Authors: Jha Rupak Kumar , Priya Bhadra , Solu Trupti M. , Patel Isha
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Small-incision cataract surgery (SICS) is a commonly performed procedure in developing countries. It does not require expensive machines and can be safely done in high-volume centers also yielding good visual outcomes in the majority of patients. The objective of our study was to assess visual outcomes after SICS conducted at a tertiary care center in South Gujarat and also assessment of various complications responsible for poor visual outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Three hundred and fifteen cataract patients were included in the study. An assessment of intraoperative and postoperative complications was done. Postoperative visual acuity assessment was done and compared with preoperative visual acuity of the patient and factors responsible for poor visual outcomes were assessed. A follow-up examination was done on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30.

RESULTS:

The mean age group of patients was 59.3 years. Females were slightly more (53.3%) in number as compared to males. The most common surgical complication encountered were striate keratopathy (6.35%), followed by iris damage (5.71%), posterior capsular rent (PCR) with vitreous loss (3.14%), hypotony (0.63%), intraocular lens decentration (0.63%), surgery-induced astigmatism (0.63%), choroidal detachment (0.32%), endophthalmitis (0.32%), and hyphema (0.32%). About 95.87% of patients had vision better than 6/18. Complications associated with poor visual outcome (<6/18) were PCR, endophthalmitis, choroidal detachment, and surgical-induced astigmatism.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although SICS can have a significant chance of complications, good visual outcomes can be attained in the majority of patients.
Healing pattern of subfoveal retinal pigment epithelium rip and aperture in central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Manayath George Joseph , Khanna Amishi , Ranjan Ratnesh , Venkatapathy Narendran
Published: February 2023

This report describes a rare case of spontaneous Grade-4 retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) rip of serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and RPE aperture in the fellow eye, with favorable long-term outcomes. A 38-year-old man presented with defective vision (20/30) in the left eye (LE) due to bullous CSC associated with a large extramacular RPE rip located temporally and inferior exudative retinal detachment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed a subfoveal serous PED with RPE aperture, subretinal fluid (SRF) and fibrinous exudation, and a large extramacular RPE rip temporally. The right eye (RE) had an asymptomatic large serous PED. The LE was treated with low-fluence photodynamic therapy, which resulted in the closure of RPE aperture and complete resolution of PED and SRF. Six-month later, the patient presented with sudden defective vision (20/120) in the RE secondary to a large fovea-involving (Grade-4) RPE rip with SRF as confirmed on OCT. Fluorescein angiography showed two extrafoveal active point leaks, which were treated with focal photocoagulation. He was also started on oral eplerenone. On subsequent serial follow-ups over 1 year, OCT showed SRF resolution and patchy reorganization of the subfoveal RPE-photoreceptor complex with good visual outcome (20/30).
Topical cyclosporine A and interferon alpha-2b as adjuvants to surgery to decrease pterygium recurrence
Authors: Raina Usha K. , Pavitra Banu , Bhattacharya Shruti , Ravinesh Kumar , Goel Ruchi
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Pterygium is very common in India and is usually removed by limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation (LCAT), which, despite being the first-line therapy, is still associated with recurrences of up to 18%.

OBJECTIVES:

To compare the safety and efficacy of topical cyclosporine A (CsA) and interferon (IFN) alpha-2b in the prevention of postoperative recurrence of pterygium.

METHODS:

A total of 40 patients with primary pterygium were randomized into two equal groups, Group C and Group I. Both the groups underwent LCAT, with Group C kept on topical cyclosporine 0.05% (CsA) 4 times daily and Group I on topical IFN alpha 2b 0.2 million IU 4 times daily postoperatively for 3 months. Pre- and posttreatment best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), recurrence, and complications were assessed at day 1, week 1, 1 month, and 3 months.

RESULTS:

The mean preoperative BCVA of 0.51 ± 0.18 and 0.51 ± 0.23 improved to 0.13 ± 0.13 and 0.13 ± 0.13 in Group C and Group I, respectively, after 3 months of treatment (P < 0.0001). Recurrence was seen in 2 cases in Group C and in 1 case in Group I at 3 months. No significant complications occurred in either of the groups.

CONCLUSION:

Topical CsA and IFN Alpha-2b are newer efficacious adjuvants with LCAT for prevention of postoperative pterygium recurrence.
Evaluation of changes in ocular surface disease index score and meibomian gland parameters in primary pterygium
Authors: Mathur Radha , Ashish Chander , Suman Rastogi Priye
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Pterygium is a commonly occurring ocular pathology, characterized by a benign proliferation of conjunctiva which extends onto the corneal surface. Abnormal tear film and meibomian gland (MG) dysfunction have been linked to pterygium development.

AIMS:

This study was done to evaluate the changes taking place in the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score and other tear film parameters with MG parameters in patients of primary pterygium as well as evaluation of the relation between them in pterygium.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This was a case–control study, done in a tertiary care hospital in North India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department with a diagnosis of pterygium were enrolled in the pterygium study group along with their gender- and age-matched controls. Both groups were evaluated for OSDI score and other tear films and MG parameters were compared.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

The results were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

The OSDI score was significant among the study groups with a P = 0.006 and the MG parameters of MG expression score, lid margin abnormality, and meiboscore were also significant with a P = 0.002, 0.002, and < 0.01, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is a positive association between pterygium, tear film abnormality, and MG disease (MGD). A strong association was also established between MGD and dry eye. Any alteration in one will aggravate the other.
De novo choroidal osteoma after laser photocoagulation of a peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane
Authors: Salehi Omar , Harper C. Alex , Guymer Robyn , O'Day Roderick
Published: February 2023

We describe the case of a 76-year-old man who developed an asymptomatic choroidal osteoma in the left eye 10 years after receiving retinal laser photocoagulation for treatment of a peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane. The choroidal osteoma presented as a progressively enlarging, well-circumscribed yellow lesion adjacent to the region of retinal fibrosis. Optical coherence tomography showed a choroidal lesion with superficial lamellations and ultrasonography demonstrated increased echogenicity. The choroidal osteoma was not encroaching on the fovea and is currently being monitored. This is only the third report of a de novo choroidal osteoma developing subsequent to retinal laser photocoagulation.
The differences in the adrenergic receptors of proximal urethra between sexes
Authors: Hsieh Po-Chun , Chang Shang-Jen , Chang Hsi-Hsien , Yang Stephen Shei-Dei
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

The bladder and urethra work as a physiologically functional unit to facilitate continence in the storage and voiding phase. Sex differences have been found in the urethral contraction in response to α-adrenergic receptor activation. This study aimed to investigate the role of adrenergic receptors in the proximal urethra of male and female mice.

Materials and Methods:

Urinary bladder and proximal urethral smooth muscle (USM) samples from male and female C57BL/6 mice were isolated and mounted in an organ bath.

Results:

Acetylcholine-induced contraction of the urinary bladder was compared in male and female mice. Phenylephrine and norepinephrine (NE) induced little contraction at a lower concentration, but a relaxing phase of female proximal USM was observed at a higher concentration. This contraction profile was inhibited by NG-nitro-L-arginine, lidocaine, and capsaicin. In addition, the NE-induced contraction was greater in the incubation of propranolol than that of L-NNA or lidocaine. These results suggested that the β-adrenoceptor may be the dominant receptor of female proximal USM, and the activity of calcitonin gene-related peptide sensory nerves and nitrergic nerves may pose an anti-contraction effect on the proximal urethra in female mice.

Conclusion:

β-adrenoceptor may be the dominant receptor of female proximal USM. The use of β-adrenergic receptor blocker agents might have the potential for the treatment of female voiding dysfunction.
Least squares decoding in binomial frequency division multiplexing
Authors: Kim Myungsup , Jung Jiwon , Kim Ki‐Man
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes a method that can reduce the complexity of a system matrix by analyzing the characteristics of a pseudoinverse matrix to receive a binomial frequency division multiplexing (BFDM) signal and decode it using the least squares (LS) method. The system matrix of BFDM can be expressed as a band matrix, and as this matrix contains many zeros, its amount of calculation when generating a transmission signal is quite small. The LS solution can be obtained by multiplying the received signal by the pseudoinverse matrix of the system matrix. The singular value decomposition of the system matrix indicates that the pseudoinverse matrix is a band matrix. The signal‐to‐interference ratio is obtained from their eigenvalues. Meanwhile, entries that do not contribute to signal generation are erased to enhance calculation efficiency. We decode the received signal using the pseudoinverse matrix and the removed pseudoinverse matrix to obtain the bit error rate performance and to analyze the difference.
Weill, Kurt (1900–1950)
Authors: Cahn Geoffrey S.
Published: February 2023

Kurt Weill was one of the most inventive and prominent composers for musical theatre during the first half of the twentieth century. He wrote for the German stage during the turbulent years of the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and for Broadway, after he emigrated to the United States (1935–1950). His stage works written on both sides of the Atlantic display remarkably versatile styles, including classicism and jazz. Best known for his collaborative efforts with dramatist-poet Bertolt Brecht for Die Dreigroschenoper (The Threepenny Opera, 1928) and Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny (Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny, 1930), Weill enjoyed additional success with other playwrights and librettists who also conveyed the despair of Germany during the 1920s and early 1930s. A number of successful and innovative Broadway shows added to his reputation as the paramount composer active in modern theatre during the 1940s.
Black God, White Devil (1964)
Authors: Barrenechea Antonio
Published: February 2023

Black God, White Devil is a 1964 film directed by Brazilian auteur Glauber Rocha. Shot on location in the Brazilian sertão, it launched the cinema novo movement and embodied the aspirations of a new political cinema, as outlined in Rocha’s 1965 essay ‘An Esthetic of Hunger.’ Black God, White Devil forms a trilogy with Terra em Transe (1967) and Antonio das Mortes (1969). It revolutionized the national film industry by merging the European avant-garde cinema (Soviet montage, Italian Neorealism, French New Wave) and Brazilian folk traditions.

In the film, a couple fleeing from poverty and law enforcement explore two ways of feeding their physical and spiritual hunger. Both of these prove unfulfilling. The first is by joining the messianic cult of a beato or saint (the black God). The second is by following a cangaceiro, an archetypal bandit from the sertão (the white Devil). Black God, White Devil shifted attention away from the dominant chanchada musical comedy in favour of an epic drama set on Brazil’s northeastern backlands. The highly symbolic plot fuses poetically with a soundtrack punctuated by Heitor Villa-Lobos’s Bachianas Brasileiras. Stylized performances, handheld camera shots, elliptical editing, and nonsynchronous sound disrupt traditional viewing habits, while also culminating in the dialectical fulfilment of a filmic refrain: ‘The sertão will become sea, and the sea sertão.’
al-Shidyāq, Aḥmad Fāris (c.1805–1887)
Authors: Junge Christian
Published: February 2023

Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq was a Lebanese writer and journalist and one of the most provocative figures of the Nahḍa (‘awakening’), an intellectual current in the long nineteenth century for the renewal of Arab culture. With a life on the move, religious conversions and public controversies, he appears as an idiosyncratic, uncompromising critic of Arab and Western societies and cultures alike. His deep knowledge of the Arabic language made him both a skilful moderniser and a passionate defender of the classical Arabic language. His masterpiece al-Sāq ʿalā l-sāq (Leg Over Leg), published in 1855 in Paris, is a dazzling experimental work that conveys an unprecedented critique of his age. In Istanbul, al-Shidyāq founded in 1861 al-Jawāʾib (The Traversing News), the first independent newspaper in the Arabic language, which made him into an influential yet controversial public intellectual.
Mandel, Eli (1922–1992)
Authors: Dalgleish Melissa
Published: February 2023

Eli Mandel was a Canadian poet, anthologist, professor, and literary critic. He was born into a Russian-Jewish family and grew up on the Prairies during the Depression. After serving in the army during the Second World War, he earned a BA (1949) and MA (1950) from the University of Saskatchewan and a PhD from the University of Toronto (1957). He authored nine volumes of poetry, edited numerous anthologies, and published two volumes of literary essays, Another Time (1977) and The Family Romance (1986). His first collection was published alongside work by Gael Turnbull and Phyllis Webb in Trio in 1954.
Richards, I. A. (1893–1979)
Authors: Smith Dale M.
Published: February 2023

Ivor Armstrong Richards was a leading British critic of the twentieth century. Born in Cheshire and educated at Cambridge, Richards founded his reputation on his ability to evaluate problems of meaning in communicative acts. His contributions led to the development of modern literary criticism, especially New Criticism. He drew on philosophy, rhetoric, semantics, semiotics, and aesthetic theory to illustrate how language works by usage, rather than by prescriptive rules. While taking forms of poetry as the basis of his study in the 1920s, he developed with C. K. Ogden (1889–1957) methods of close reading that brought attention to contexts of interpretation.
Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig (1880–1938)
Authors: Moseman Eleanor
Published: February 2023

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner was one of the major visual artists of the avant-garde in Germany in the first half of the twentieth century and is regarded as a cornerstone of first-generation Expressionism. Raised in a conservative Protestant family in provincial Chemnitz, he rejected the ideals and morality of his educated bourgeois upbringing and chose the bohemian life of a modern artist. As a young architecture student at the Technische Hochschule in Dresden (1901–5), Kirchner mastered naturalistic rendering, perspectival drawing, and colour theory. In his Expressionist work he exploited these skills while simultaneously challenging their necessity for modern representation.
Contemporáneos
Authors: Murrieta Flores David A.J.
Published: February 2023

Contemporáneos: Mexican Magazine of Culture, edited from 1928 to 1931 in Mexico City, Mexico, was a literary journal founded by several writers whose formative context was post-revolutionary Mexico of the 1920s, and who were mainly identified as a group, in their own time, by their detractors, and later on by critics and scholars. The main ‘members’ were Xavier Villaurrutia, Jaime Torres Bodet, Carlos Pellicer, Bernardo Ortiz de Montellano, Salvador Novo, Enrique González Rojo, José Gorostiza, Gilberto Owen, and Jorge Cuesta, although the network in which they developed their poetic and prose work was sufficiently extensive to reach other genres such as theatre and essay. Nevertheless, José Gorostiza characterised the group as an ‘irreducible sum of individualities’ that produced a multiple and distinct oeuvre; the principal overarching commonality shared among them was the deeply held belief in the autonomy of art, understood within the historical current of Western Modernism in terms of its radical modification of tradition, as well as against the Mexican avant-garde’s demands to commit to the nationalist political programme outlined by the state after the revolution. Closer to an ideal of art as a rational expression of the universal as emerging from the particular, the Contemporáneos found kinship in the writings of James Joyce, André Gide, D.H. Lawrence, T.S. Eliot, Jorge Luis Borges, Vicente Huidobro, among other representatives of international literary Modernism in the first half of the twentieth century.
Claudel, Paul (1868–1955)
Authors: Bush Christopher
Published: February 2023

Both the power of Paul Claudel’s writing and the controversial character of his politics were so well known in their time that Auden, in the original 1939 version of ‘In Memory of W.B. Yeats’, could assume his readers’ knowledge of them: ‘Time that with this strange excuse/ Pardoned Kipling and his views,/ And will pardon Paul Claudel,/ Pardons him [Yeats] for writing well.’ While still read today and taught, especially in France, Claudel has not entirely been pardoned and indeed is often remembered only for the ways in which the intense devotion to Catholicism that defined his life and work fed conservative, sometimes intensely nationalist, political views, which included support for French imperialism and, in his youth, anti-Semitism.
De Casseres, Benjamin (1873–1945)
Authors: Stratton Matthew
Published: February 2023

Benjamin De Casseres was an American poet, literary and cultural critic, and satirist whose career spanned four decades and two countries. Born in Philadelphia on 3 April 1873, De Casseres left the public school system at thirteen and at sixteen began a lifelong career in journalism. However, he always conceived of himself less as a journalist than as a singularly misunderstood literary and philosophical genius whose full recognition was thwarted by incompetent publishers, cultural devolution, and pervasive imbecility. As a literary and philosophical provocateur and early promoter of the aesthetic avant-garde, he wrote reams of essays and poems for publications ranging from now-forgotten little magazines to national magazines and newspapers.
Diseño de Sistema de Almacenamiento de Aire Comprimido para la Generación Distribuida en Zonas Residenciales de México
Authors: Bristol Echeverria Carlos Abraham , Ruelas Amezcua Jaime Alonso , González López Juan Miguel , Jiménez Betancourt Ramón O , Pérez González Marco Antonio
Published: February 2023

Los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía están teniendo un auge significativo en la actualidad para mitigar algunos efectos negativos ocasionados en el sistema eléctrico de distribución y de potencia por la intermitencia en la generación de energía de los sistemas alternativos principalmente por el uso de la fotovoltaica y eólica. Debido a esto se han analizado diversas formas de almacenar energía para utilizarse cuando se presenten estas intermitencias, entre estas otras formas de almacenamiento se encuentran la química, térmica, electroquímica y mecánica. Los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía mecánico por aire comprimido se han analizado a gran escala y recientemente se han hecho estudios a pequeña escala. En este trabajo se presenta una idea de utilizar estos sistemas en el contexto de generación distribuida y utilizarlas en zonas residenciales de acuerdo a las características de construcción de las casas de México. Por tal motivo se presentan todos los elementos de un sistema micro-CAES en SOLIDWorks y se presenta la propuesta de cómo se integrarían en la construcción de zonas residenciales. Adicionalmente se realizan algunas pruebas de almacenamiento en un tanque con aire comprimido.
Prevalencia de Somnolencia en Estudiantes Universitarios de Fisioterapia
Authors: Zarza García Addy Leticia , Cante Cuevas Xochilt Candelaria , Javier Rivera Leidy Sofia , Vásquez Gutiérrez Mauricia Guadalupe , Kent Sulú Martha Patricia
Published: February 2023

La somnolencia es la interacción del total del “deseo de estar dormido” y de “estar despierto”, es una sensación subjetiva de sueño a una hora o en una situación inapropiada a diario, afecta el estado de ánimo, deteriora las relaciones interpersonales, el rendimiento laboral y académico. El estudio es cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, se determinó la prevalencia de somnolencia en estudiantes de la Universidad Autónoma de ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, mediante la escala de EPWORTH (ESE). Se compararon edad y género de las diferentes categorías (peso, talla, IMC, semestre, niveles de somnolencias) mediante el análisis de frecuencias y correlaciones simples, identificándose las diferencias, y análisis por ANCOVA para las calificaciones de los grupos en la ESE. Se aplicó la prueba Kolmogorov Smirnov para la normalidad de los datos. En los porcentajes de alteración del sueño, prevaleció la somnolencia normal (73.6%), siendo mujeres (74.4%). El exceso de peso tuvo una media y desviación estándar de 15.60 ± 2.60 con somnolencia excesiva. Los resultados muestran que la somnolencia normal fue del 73.6% y la somnolencia marginal de 17.4% y somnolencia excesiva 9.1%. Es significativo diagnosticar y canalizar los casos de somnolencia, considerando el efecto adverso del déficit del sueño en los estudiantes.
El Género en la Agenda Política de Sonora
Authors: Lizárraga Caro Francisca , García Moraga Reyna Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

En las últimas décadas México ha sido escenario de la incansable lucha de grupos de personas que exigen el derecho de igualdad consagrado en la constitución política de los estados unidos mexicanos, en todos los ámbitos en donde existe una disparidad de género. El tema de género ha sido abordado en innumerables estudios generados a partir de los compromisos asumidos por las naciones derivados de la Cuarta Conferencia Mundial, celebrada en 1995 en Beijing, en donde se posiciono y empodero a la mujer, definiéndose objetivos y mecanismos para asegurar la igualdad entre éstas y los hombres, y así eliminar los obstáculos que impidieran ese fin. México forma parte de los países que se obligó a promover la igualdad sustantiva entre los hombres y las mujeres, y acabar con esas malas prácticas que afectan a la sociedad ante la discriminación en diversos aspectos de la vida de las mujeres, por cuestión de género. En Sonora, ha sido contemplado en la agenda política ese deber adoptado por el estado mexicano, por ello se ha incluido esta temática como eje central en el quehacer gubernamental; aunque la problemática sigue presente en nuestros días, pero los esfuerzos por combatir la discriminación continúan.
Interfaces de Usuario en Aplicaciones de Apoyo Didácticas para Niños con TDAH. Hacia el Análisis de la Carga Cognitiva en IHC
Authors: Ponce Mendoza Ulises , García Gorrostieta Miguel , Madrid Monteverde David
Published: February 2023

Para los niños con Transtorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH de ahora en adelante) la atención temprana de los sintomas es muy relevante para una integración existosa con su entorno, especialmente en el entorno educativo tradicional. El área de IHC ha abordado la problemática a través de la investigación de mecanismos, mediante software, de apoyo a la educación en actividades de intervención y/o mitigación de los síntomas. En este trabajo se propone iniciar de forma inversa a partir de las premisas del DCU y desde el enfoque de la carga cognitiva asumiendo que la usabilidad de las interfaces, la estructura y la carga cognitiva con la que se diseñan estos softwares de apoyo no están basadas en el conocimiento profundo del usuario. Por lo tanto, para iniciar con ese proceso de descubrimiento se propone un experimento para describir la carga cognitiva manifestada por niños con TDAH en el uso de apps didácticas mediante diferentes interfaces tales como las táctiles, jostick, control de consola y teclado ratón. Se utiliza el instrumento NASA-TLX con una adaptación en la escala de valoración por el entrevistado y se contrasta con un grupo control.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM WALK THRU PADA PELAYANAN PEMBAYARAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KANTOR BERSAMA SAMSAT KOTA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Rahmadi Andhi Nur , Wahyuni Risza Ulfia
Published: February 2023

Samsat merupakan singkatan dari Sistem Administrasi Manunggal di Bawah Satu Atap, yang merupakan suatu sistem kerjasama secara terpadu antara Polri, Bapedda dan PT. Jasa Raharja (Persero). Samsat memberikan pelayanan dalam perpanjangan STNK. Untuk memberikan pelayanan tersebut khususnya pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) pihak Kantor Bersama Samsat Kota Probolinggo membentuk program Walk Thru. Program walk thru dalam pelayanan pembayaran pajak kendaraan bermotor dapat mempermudah masyarakat sehingga lebih efektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas program walk thru pada pelayanan pajak kendaraan bermotor sehingga akan mempermudah suatu pelayanan bagi wajib pajak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Fokus penelitian ini didasarkan pada teori Efektivitas Menurut Duncan (dalam Steers 1985:53) yaitu ada 3 indikator adanya pencapaian Tujuan adanya Integrasi dan Adaptasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Efektivitas Program Walk Thru pada Pelayanan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Kantor Bersama Samsat Kota Probolinggo dapat dikategorikan berjalan dengan efektif, dapat dikategorikan efektif karena dua dari tiga indikator sudah dinyatakan efektif. Meskipun sedikit hambatan yang terjadi dalam program walkthru. Kekurangan atau hambatan dari program walkthru dapat dilihat dari indikator adaptasi pada sub indikator tenaga kerja. Kekurangan pada tenaga kerja pada pelayanan pembayaran program walk thru di Kantor Bersama Samsat Kota Probolinggo masih memiliki antrian yang panjang. Meskipun waktu pelayanan yang cepat dan efektif tetapi program walk thru masih dilakukan oleh satu tenaga kerja dalam pelayanan.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM KARTU SMART MADANI DI DINAS KOMUNIKASI INFORMATIKA STASTITIK DAN PERSANDIAN KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Sari Suci Indah , Maya Mayarni
Published: February 2023

han daerah daIam bab XXI bertajuk Inovasi daerah pasaI 386-pasal390. Pemerintah kota Pekanbaru dalam master plan Pekanbaru Smart City Tahun 2018-2025 bertujuan untukomemberikan arahanopercepatan strategi, kebijakan dan program pembangunan kota Pekanbaru. MeIaIui Dinas Komunikasi Informatika. Statistik dan Persandian kota Pekanbaru, pemerintah kota mempelopori programokartu smart madani. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari program kartu smart madani di Dinas Komunikasi Informatika Statistik dan Persandian Kota Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data yang diperlukan baik data primer maupun data sekunder dari hasil wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis sehingga ditarik kesimpulan dari masalah penelitian. Temuan dari penelitian ini yaitu program kartu smart madani ini masih belum berjalan dengan baik. Adapun hambatan program kartu smart madani ini ialah kondisi pandemi yang menghalangi perkembangan dari program-program kartu smart madani serta perhatian pemerintah terhadap program kartu smart madani ini.
EVALUASI PROGRAM CETAK SAWAH DI KABUPATEN LINGGA PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Hasril Ardian , Muhammad Adji Suradji , Prastya Imam Yudhi
Published: February 2023

Kebijakan cetak sawah bertujuan untuk menjadikan Kabupaten Lingga sebagai lumbung padi di wilayah perbatasan dan sekaligus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat Kabupaten Lingga. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode purposive sampling dalam memilih responden. Menggunakan teori Willian N Dunn maka terdapat 6 indkator yang digunakan untuk melakukan evaluasi program yaitu Efektivitas, Efesiensi, Kecukupan, Keadilan, Responsivitas, dan Ketepatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program cetak sawah di Kabupaten Lingga belum optimal. Ditemukan beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaan program, diantaranya saluran irigasi yang masih belum memadai, Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) khususnya petani yang belum memiliki keyakinan atas usaha barunya dan Sumber Daya Alam (SDA) khususnya kualitas tanah dan iklim.
DYNAMIC GOVERNANCE DALAM UPAYA DESA TOAPAYA SELATAN MEWUJUDKAN DESA MANDIRI DI TAHUN 2023.
Authors: Ompusunggu Christina , Edison Edison , Setiawan Ramadhani Setiawan
Published: February 2023

Desa mandiri menunjukkan bahwa desa mempunyai kekuatan secara sosial, ekonomi dan budaya melalui pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan. Salah satu desa unggul dan memiliki target untuk menjadi desa mandiri adalah desa Toapaya Selatan, dengan berbagai upaya yang dinamis dilakukan untuk mewujudkannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dinamika/praktik dynamic governance dalam upaya Desa Toapaya Selatan mewujudkan desa mandiri, serta hambatan-hambatan yang dialami dalam mewujudkannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil peneltian ini menunjukkan bahwa Desa Toapaya Selatan memiliki potensi dan melakukan kemampuan yang dinamis.  Masih ada hambatan di beberapa indikator seperti kesehatan, pendidikan dan ekonomi. Kini berupaya mengoptimalkannya melalui penyediaan fasilitas, menjalankan desa wisata yang tertunda, pengembangan pasar desa dan PADes. Able people, adanya berbagai prestasi hingga dikancah nasional dibawah kepemimpinan Kepala Desa, bersama unsur-unsur desa lainnya, agile process, adanya proses kerja yang baik untuk desa wisata maupun di Bumdes sehingga sudah dapat berkontribusi terhadap PAD, thinking ahead,  Desa Toapaya Selatan melakukan hal-hal yang dianalisis dan direncanakan kedepan memberi dampak terhadap kemandirian desa. Thinking again, untuk mencapai keberhasilan suatu kegiatan, dilakukannya pemetaan terhadap produk dan sumberdaya serta modal yang tersedia. Thinking across, dengan  belajar dari desa mandiri lainnya seperti Bali dan Jogja, Ponggok, desa aktif berinovasi, melirik hal-hal baru yang dapat dikembangkan dan memaksimalkan potensi desa untuk menjadi mandiri.
MENGKONSTRUKSI AKSES, PENDAMPINGAN, DAN INOVASI SEBAGAI FORMULA KEBIJAKAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM PERHUTANAN SOSIAL
Authors: Lawasi Moh. Andika
Published: February 2023

Tujuan mendasar kebijakan Perhutanan Sosial (PS) adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat petani hutan melalui pengelolaan kawasan hutan secara partisipatif.  Dengan target alokasi lahan seluas 12.7 Ha, program ini pun diharapkan dapat lebih berkontribusi meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat petani hutan yang umumnya hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Namun dalam perjalanannya, program ini dilaporkan belum banyak memberi arti yang signifikan bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat petani hutan, kecuali hanya sedikit saja kasus yang terbukti berhasil mencapai target tersebut. Untuk memahami bagaimana beberapa kasus perhutanan sosial tersebut mampu berhasil sehingga dapat dijadikan teladan untuk  perbaikan pelaksanaannya di masa depan, peneliti telah mengkaji secara mendalam terhadap berbagai artikel dan laporan ilmiah yang memuat sejarah perjalanan program tersebut dengan menggunakan metode penelitian desk study. Hasil pengkajian ini mengungkap bahwa sedikitnya ada 3 pola yang diduga merupakan kunci utama keberhasilannya, yaitu akses yang komprehensif, pendampingan kelembagaan yang memadai, dan prakarsa  inovasi usaha.  Akses, pendampingan, dan inovasi dengan demikian perlu dipertimbangkan sebagai formula kebijakan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam konteks perhutanan sosial sehingga pelaksanaan program tersebut benar-benar mampu berkontribusi nyata bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat petani hutan.
Stability, Discretization, and Bifurcation Analysis for a Chemical Reaction System
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Pakistan, Din Qamar , Saeed Umer ,   School of Civil & Environmental Engineering (SCEE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Pakistan
Published: February 2023

Chemical reactions reveal all types of exotic behavior, that is, multistability, oscillation, chaos, or multistationarity. The mathematical framework of rate equations enables us to discuss steadystates, stability and oscillatory behavior of a chemical reaction. A planar cubic dynamical system governed by nonlinear differential equations induced by kinetic differential equations for a two-species chemical reaction is studied. It is investigated that system has unique positive steady state. Moreover, local dynamics of system is studied around its positive steady state. Existence and direction of Hopf bifurcation about positive equilibrium are carried out. In order to modify the bifurcating behavior, bifurcation control is investigated. Keeping in mind, a consistency preserving discretization for continuous chemical reaction system, a discrete counterpart is proposed, and its qualitative behavior is investigated. Numerical simulation along with bifurcation diagrams are provided to illustrate the mathematical investigations.
Time Series Analysis in American Stock Market Recovering in Post COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors:   Dept. of Statistical Science, University of Toronto. 700 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X6,, Fu Weilin , Li Zhuoran ,   Dept. of Statistical Science, University of Toronto. 700 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X6,, Zhang Yupeng ,   Dept. of Statistical Science, University of Toronto. 700 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X6,, Zhou Xingyou ,   Dept. of Statistical Science, University of Toronto. 700 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X6,
Published: February 2023

: Every financial crisis has caused a dual shock to the global economy. The shortage of market liquidity, such as default in debt and bonds, has led to the spread of bankruptcies, such as Lehman Brothers in 2008. Using the data for the ETFs of the S&P 500, Nasdaq 100, and Dow Jones Industrial Average collected from Yahoo Finance, this study implemented Deep Learning, Neuro Network, and Time-series to analyze the trend of the American Stock Market in the post-COVID-19 period. LSTM model in Neuro Network to predict the future trend, which suggests the US stock market keeps falling for the post-COVID-19 period. This study reveals a reasonable allocation method of Long Short-Term Memory for which there is strong evidence