bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELEVANCE OF ADOLESCENT EDUCATION ON HARMFUL EFFECTS OF DRUGS
Authors: DELIBAŠIĆ VELJKO
Published: May 2021

Following the introductory part in which it is stated that current results of the fight against drug abuse have been unsatisfactory, the paper defines the term “narcotic drugs”. It is suggested that it is an obsolete, outdated, and certainly inadequate term, with suggestion that the term “narcotic drugs” should be replaced by the adequate term “psychoactive controlled substances”. Then, classifications of narcotic drugs are given, describing the effects that arise from the abuse of narcotics. The paper indicates the general characteristics of criminal offenses related to narcotic drugs, and points to some changes and amendments from 2019, which relate to existing qualified forms of criminal offenses, including the case when the basic form of the crime is being committed in an educational institution or in its immediate vicinity. Afterward, the term of adolescence is defined, emphasizing the need for adolescents education as the most important and most effective way of fighting drug abuse, together with certain ideas what that education should be like. Finally, concluding remarks are made.
PREVENTION OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES THROUGH LEARNING ABOUT SAFETY CULTURE
Authors: MERDOVIĆ BORO , ŽIVALJEVIĆ DRAGAN
Published: May 2021

Addiction diseases are a serious global problem of modern society, with a special negative impact on the health of children and adolescents. Addiction has devastating effects on the physical and mental health of the consumer, but also on his narrower and wider social environment. The aim of this paper is to analyze all types and forms of addiction with possible implications for the health of young people. Also, the paper will point out the possibilities of wider preventive action, especially by learning about the safety culture of young people through school programs. Measures to combat addiction diseases and their consequences require a multidisciplinary approach in the study and creation of prevention measures, as well as the integration of all existing knowledge and experiences of relevant subjects. Only on the basis of scientifically verified information on the harmfulness of addiction, it is possible to create purposeful and effective prevention programs. The dominant and key role in this process is played by primary prevention, which is impossible to implement without the entire society and institutions of the system, with special emphasis on those in the field of upbringing and education.
MODERN AND POSTMODERN CONCEPT OF CHILDHOOD IN THE LIGHT OF ENSURING CHILD SAFETY IN DIGITAL SOCIETY
Authors: STOJŠIĆ DABETIĆ JELENA
Published: May 2021

The context of this paper is the position of children in the digital environment, with a special emphasis on the risks to child safety that arise in this context and how it creates modern concepts of childhood. New mobile and internet technologies create new opportunities for children's development, but at the same time create new risks. This creates a framework in which the socio-technological context influences the creation of security policy, and vice versa. The paper points out several aspects of modern, digital society, which significantly change the current postulates on which society's care for children is based - special treatment and content of children's human rights as users of digital technology, then additional mechanisms of legal regime of personal data protection, as well as the culture of control as the primary narrative in creating public policies for child safety in the digital environment. Without intending to go into the details of legal regimes, the paper emphasizes a kind of juxtaposition of the aspirations of modern society, that wants to achieve security through control and at the same time enable free development of children into adults.
ADAPTATION AS A CRITERION OF MENTAL HEALTH OF YOUNG SPECIALISTS
Authors:   Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tapalova O.B. , Abisheva E.D. ,   Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zhaparov E.Z. ,   Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai Almaty, Kazakhstan, Grunskaya A.L. ,   Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2021

This article examines the importance of socio-psychological adaptation as an urgent psychological problem among young professionals of the XXI century. The study identified the psychological characteristics of young professionals in modern conditions. The states and personality traits characteristic of young specialists with the presence of maladjustment are highlighted. The research methods used: questionnaires, methods of express diagnostics of neurosis by K. Heck and H. Hess, multifactorial personality questionnaire FPI.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF ONLINE EDUCATION
Authors:   Silkway International University, Baibekova M. M. , Kumisbek Z. ZH. ,   Silkway International University, Makhmudova S. L. ,   Silkway International University
Published: May 2021

In this article, the current situation in the field of Education, which occupies the last place in the field of online distance education, will reveal in detail the current problems of online distance education.It took place all over the world.In the context of the epidemiological situation, all of us will have to serve and live in a new way. Today, there are almost no people who are not affected by these changes. Each of us must adapt to these changes and switch to a habitual way of life. First of all,the education system for children, including the entire population, will have to be transformed and transformed. Distance learning will have to be transformed not only from a technical point of view, but also from a pedagogical and psychological point of view. Teachers, students, and parents-all participants in the relationship of the education system, even the distance learning system, need psychological support.Coronavirus-the word was a word that took place in the language and mind of every inhabitant of the planet. The pandemic, which has engulfed the entire world, has not only destroyed the usual daily lifestyle, but also caused fear and anxiety in people's lives. In this article, we will discuss in detail and in detail the current problems of online education in universities
PSYCHO-PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN A PRIMARY SCHOOL BASED MANAGEMEN
Authors:   H. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau state University Atyrau, Kazakhstan, Zhumasheva N. S. , Sundetova Zh. ,   H. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau state University Atyrau, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2021

This article examines the importance of leadership and management and discusses their role in the education system.The importance of leadership and management provides the foundation for building and engaging in education. After considering the issues of teaching and research, the article outlines the future needs and directions of leadership and education management.A more systematic approach to developing the necessary skills to take on leadership and management roles may be useful. Whether the teacher is in a formal leadership position or not, acquiring these skills can help improve classroom performance.Also, a systematic approach to developing the necessary skills to take on leadership and management roles can be useful for leading a class, a group of staff. The increase in classroom performance will grow if the teacher acquires leadership and management skills.Everything we have: knowledge, family, payments, material and spiritual riches of culture, all of them have some information that we need. Information has a huge impact on everything people do. This is the main form of discussion of people, negotiations, communication, actions and profits. All this is necessary for good management and leadership. As international experience shows, an important part of this change is understanding the science and art of management
WAYS TO INCREASE THE PSYCHOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS IN DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors:   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Barakova A. Sh. , Zhussipekova Sh. E. ,   Аbai Kazakh National Pedagogical University Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to the actual problem of modern education – distance learning. Today, the only way to develop the country is to introduce new innovations using information technologies. In this article, the most important components of the Medical University are considered, including the work of teachers and students in the electronic community. In addition, the advantages and features of distance learning technologies and topical issues of distance learning development in Kazakhstan were identified. Distance learning contributes to the creation of a new model of Education. The main task of the article is to justify and prove distance learning as a new type of learning. The article analyzes the forms of training, shows the main directions of development of distance learning and the differences between distance learning and traditional training. The problems that students and teachers solve in distance learning are identified. The effectiveness of distance learning is determined by the use of pedagogical technologies that form the basis for the design and implementation of training courses.
THE PROBLEM OF SEPARATION OF STUDENTS FROM THE PARENTAL FAMILY
Authors:   Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi,(Almaty, Kazakhstan), Nazarova A.E. , Manarbekova Zh.K. ,   Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi,(Almaty, Kazakhstan), Kabakova M.P. ,   Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi,(Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: May 2021

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of separation, reveals the struc-ture, types, and styles, and describes the process of separating young people from the parental family. Since young people, in particular, students must adapt tothe new standards of education, the requirements of the labor market, and the rhythm of life in general. And one of the main character traits in demand today is independence. This also implies separation from the parental family for the formation of self-reliance in a person, the habit of taking responsibility for their decisions. The process of separating a personality, however, does not always pass easily and painlessly due to the influence of many factors. This phenomenon and its features are well covered in foreign, more often Western, and Russian studies. Also, the topic of separation of student youth was touched upon by Russian psychologists in the framework of dissertations and scientific articles in various disciplines. In domestic science, unfortunately, the issue was practically not considered. Based on this, we carried out an analysis of various sources on the issue of psychological separation of adolescents, which allowed us to build our own research on this topic. The results of the theoretical analysis of the special literature showed that the parental family retains its significance to this day. In particular, emotional closeness, trusting relationships within the family, and parents' acceptance of the fact that children are growing up are factors in the painless transition of young people to autonomy. The empirical part of the article provides data from our own survey of 256 undergraduate students of Kazakhstani universities, conducted in November 2020. The results showed a high percentage of successful relationships with the parental family in a sample of Kazakhstani students: in most cases, the psychological distance is comfortable, and the personal boundaries and opinions of respondents are respected.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF FORMATION OF THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM OF THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE IN EARLY AND PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors:   National Scientific and Practical Center a of Correctional pedagogi National Scientific and Practical Center  Development of special and inclusive education, Taszhurekova Zh. T. , Seisenova A. D. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center a of Correctional pedagogi National Scientific and Practical Center  Development of special and inclusive education, Оspanova А.S. ,   Kazakh national women's pedagogical University
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problems of forming the language system of the Kazakh (native) language in preschool age. The importance of studying the regularities and features of the formation of components of the language system in the course of speech ontogenesis of children of early and preschool age is revealed. It is emphasized that in the course of scientific research, as close as possible to touch the speech-motor potential of each child, while ensuring not only a tolerant attitude to children's innovations and children's speech style, but also to pay maximum attention to the natural process of mastering the native language and the features of the structure of the speech-language mechanism.The authors identified effective ways to study and explain the ontogenesis of speech –the process of learning the native language by children. Scientific approaches to the consideration of language phenomena in the child's speech and the prospects for conducting ontolinguistic research are also identified
PERSONALITIES OF PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS DYNAMIC FEATURES OF SELF-EFFICIENCY
Authors:   Turan University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Kudusheva N. A. , Amanova I. K. ,   Turan University (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problem of the dynamics of personal self-efficacy of psychology students during their studies at the University. Theoretical approaches to understanding the term "self-efficacy" and its relation to related concepts related to psychological confidence and personal potential are analyzed.The actual problem of personal self-efficacy of psychology students is discussed.The results of an empirical study of the dynamic characteristics of self-efficacy of a sample of 80 students are presented, and statistical indicators of subject self-efficacy and development of self-efficacy in communication, their relationship with the motivation for choosing a profession and the level of self-attitude are determined.Dynamism, integrity and multicomponent nature of self-efficacy; non-linear nature of its development at different stages of training; the relationship between the level of self-efficacy development and the experience of independent work.
LA RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL PARA LA INFORMACIÓN FINANCIERA EN LAS UNIVERSIDADES.
Authors: Miranda Sánchez Yanet , Llanes Montes Aleida , Torres Mora Inés Josefina
Published: May 2021

La relación entre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad, ocupan un lugar importante en la vida del hombre, en su pensamiento, intereses, necesidades y valores. El objetivo del artículo es valorar el modelo de responsabilidad social en la información financiera para las universidades, desde una perspectiva de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. Se conceptualiza a la Contabilidad como una ciencia y su relación con otras disciplinas del saber, ya sea transdiciplinar e interdisciplinar. Se determinan las condicionantes sociales partiendo de los problemas sociales, las políticas, la infraestructura y las repercusiones, entre otros aspectos. Se define la importancia, conceptos, los principales autores que han escrito sobre la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, así como se determinan los problemas sociales y se caracteriza en Cuba cuales son los avances en esta temática, llegando a las repercusiones tanto teóricas como prácticas que se esperan en un futuro obtenga este trabajo, pues está insertado en el Proyecto Contabilidad, control interno y responsabilidad social, para la sostenibilidad de la integración e innovación en las universidades cubanas, constituyendo el cliente o usuario la Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz.Es importante destacar el interés en desarrollar la temática desde las universidades cubanas en aras de fortalecer la contabilidad y los procesos en la entidad seleccionada
Anthropogenic Aerosol effects on Tropospheric Circulation and Sea Surface Temperature (1980–2020): Separating the role of Zonally Asymmetric Forcings
Authors: Diao Chenrui , Xu Yangyang , Xie Shang-Ping
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Anthropogenic Aerosols (AA) induce global and regional tropospheric circulation adjustments due to the radiative energy perturbations. The overall cooling effects of AA since the pre-industrial (PI) era, to mask a portion of global warming, have been the subject of many studies with large uncertainty remaining. The interhemispheric contrast in AA forcing has also been demonstrated to induce a major shift in atmospheric circulation. The zonally heterogeneous changes in AA emissions since the late 20th century, with a notable decline in the Western Hemisphere and continuous increase in the Eastern Hemisphere, received less attention. Here we utilize four sets of single-model initial-condition large-ensemble simulations with various combinations of external forcings to quantify the different radiative and circulation responses due to aerosol emissions changes during 1980-2020. In particular, we focus on the distinct climate responses to Fossil-Fuel (FF) related aerosol from Western Hemisphere (WH) versus Eastern Hemisphere (EH). The zonal and meridional redistribution of FF aerosols from WH to EH results in negative radiative forcing over Asia and positive radiative forcing over North America and Europe. This leads to a counterclockwise anomaly of zonal mean stream function over the tropics (i.e. a northward shift of Hadley cell) and stronger equatorward shift of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) jet stream, consistent with the thermal wind argument with the gradient of surface air temperature (SAT) as a predictive metric. Two sets of regional FF simulations (Fix_EastFF1920 and Fix_WestFF1920) are performed and reveals the dominating role of WH forcing due to aerosol reduction in the NH. The Aerosol reduction over WH mid-to-high latitudes dominates the warming over NH mid-to-high latitudes. The increased aerosol over the EH low-to-mid latitudes is confined more locally but also induces slight warming over the northeastern Pacific and North Atlantic. The competing role of FF forcing originating from EH and WH in shaping tropospheric circulation and surface climate response indicates the importance of both zonal and meridional distribution of aerosol forcing within the NH, and previous idealized models that only consider the zonal difference of aerosol emission may oversimplify the real aerosol forcing.
Increase in secondary organic aerosol in an urban environment
Authors: Via Marta , Minguillón María Cruz , Reche Cristina , Querol Xavier , Alastuey Andrés
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The evolution of fine aerosol (PM1) species as well as the
contribution of potential sources to the total organic aerosol (OA) at an
urban background site in Barcelona, in the western Mediterranean basin (WMB) was investigated. For this purpose, a quadrupole aerosol chemical speciation
monitor (Q-ACSM) was deployed to acquire real-time measurements for two
1-year periods: May 2014–May 2015 (period A) and September 2017–October 2018
(period B). Total PM1 concentrations showed a slight decrease (from
10.1 to 9.6 µg m−3 from A to B), although the
relative contribution of inorganic and organic compounds varied
significantly. Regarding inorganic compounds, SO42-, black carbon (BC) and
NH4+ showed a significant decrease from period A to B (−21 %,
−18 % and −9 %, respectively), whilst NO3- concentrations were
higher in B (+8 %). Source apportionment revealed OA contained 46 %
and 70 % secondary OA (SOA) in periods A and B, respectively. Two
secondary oxygenated OA sources (OOA) were differentiated by their oxidation
status (i.e. ageing): less oxidized (LO-OOA) and more oxidized (MO-OOA).
Disregarding winter periods, when LO-OOA production was not favoured, LO-OOA
transformation into MO-OOA was found to be more effective in period B. The lowest
LO-OOA-to-MO-OOA ratio, excluding winter, was in September–October 2018
(0.65), implying an accumulation of aged OA after the high temperature and
solar radiation conditions in the summer season. In addition to temperature,
SOA (sum of OOA factors) was enhanced by exposure to NOx-polluted
ambient and other pollutants, especially to O3 and during
afternoon hours. The anthropogenic primary OA sources identified,
cooking-related OA (COA), hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), and biomass burning OA
(BBOA), decreased from period A to B in both absolute concentrations and
relative contribution (as a whole, 44 % and 30 %, respectively).
However, their concentrations and proportion to OA grew rapidly during
highly polluted episodes. The influence of certain atmospheric episodes on OA sources was also
assessed. Both SOA factors were boosted with long- and medium-range
circulations, especially those coming from inland Europe and the
Mediterranean (triggering mainly MO-OOA) and summer breeze-driven regional
circulation (mainly LO-OOA). In contrast, POA was enhanced either during
air-renewal episodes or stagnation anticyclonic events.
Error analyses of a multistatic meteor radar system to obtain a three-dimensional spatial-resolution distribution
Authors: Zhong Wei , Xue Xianghui , Yi Wen , Reid Iain M. , Chen Tingdi , Dou Xiankang
Published: May 2021

Abstract. In recent years, the concept of multistatic meteor radar systems has attracted the attention of the atmospheric radar community, focusing on the
mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. Recently, there have been some notable experiments using such multistatic meteor radar systems. Good
spatial resolution is vital for meteor radars because nearly all parameter inversion processes rely on the accurate location of the meteor trail
specular point. It is timely then for a careful discussion focused on the error distribution of multistatic meteor radar systems. In this study, we
discuss the measurement errors that affect the spatial resolution and obtain the spatial-resolution distribution in three-dimensional space for the
first time. The spatial-resolution distribution can both help design a multistatic meteor radar system and improve the performance of existing radar
systems. Moreover, the spatial-resolution distribution allows the accuracy of retrieved parameters such as the wind field to be determined.
ANEMI_Yangtze v1.0: An Integrated Assessment Model of the Yangtze Economic Belt - Model Description
Authors: Jiang Haiyan , Simonovic Slobodan P. , Yu Zhongbo
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Yangtze Economic Belt is one of the most dynamic regions in China in terms of population growth, economic progress, industrialization, and urbanization. It faces many resource constraints (food, energy) and environmental challenges (pollution, biodiversity loss) under rapid population growth and economic development. Interactions between human and natural systems are at the heart of the challenges facing the sustainable development of the Yangtze Economic Belt. Understanding these interactions poses challenges because human and natural systems evolve in response to a wide range of influences. Accounting for these complex dynamics requires a system tool that can represent the fundamental drivers of change and responses of the individual system as well as how different systems interact and co-evolve. By adopting the system thinking and the methodology of system dynamics simulation, an integrated assessment model for the Yangtze Economic Belt, named ANEMI_Yangtze, is developed based on the third version of the global integrated assessment model, ANEMI. Nine sectors of population, economy, land, food, energy, water, carbon, nutrients, and fish are currently included in ANEMI_Yangtze. This paper identifies the opportunities and challenges facing the Yangtze Economic Belt and presents the ANEMI_Yangtze model structure. It also includes: (i) the identification of the cross-sectoral interactions and feedbacks involved in shaping Yangtze Economic Belt’s system behaviour over time; (ii) the identification of the feedbacks within each sector that drive the state variables in that sector; and (iii) the explanation of the theoretical and mathematical basis for those feedbacks. ANEMI_Yangtze was developed and calibrated sector by sector before coupling them together into complete ANEMI_Yangtze model. After the validation and robustness test, the ANEMI_Yangtze model can be used to support decision making, policy assessment, and scenario development. This study aims to improve the understanding of the complex interactions among human and natural systems in the Yangtze Economic Belt to provide foundation for science-based policies for the sustainable development of the economic belt.
A Simplified Chemistry-Dynamical Model
Authors: Hong Hao-Jhe , Reichler Thomas
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Recent observational and modeling studies show that variations of stratospheric ozone and the resulting interaction between ozone and the stratospheric circulation play an important role for surface weather and climate. However, in many cases computationally expensive coupled chemistry models have been used to study these effects. Here, we demonstrate how a much simpler idealized general circulation model (GCM) can be used for studying the impact of interactive stratospheric ozone on the circulation. The model, named simplified chemistry-dynamical model (SCDM), is constructed from a preexisting idealized GCM, into which a simplified linear ozone scheme and a parameterization for the shortwave radiative effects of ozone are implemented. The distribution and variability of stratospheric ozone simulated by the new model are in good agreement with the MERRA2 reanalysis, even for extreme circulation events such as Arctic stratospheric sudden warmings. The model thus represents a promising new tool for the study of ozone-circulation interaction in the stratosphere and its associated effects on tropospheric weather and climate.
Depth to water table correction for initial carbon-14 activities in groundwater mean residence time estimation
Authors: Irvine Dylan , Wood Cameron , Cartwright Ian , Oliver Tanya
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Carbon-14 (14C) is routinely used to determine mean residence times (MRTs) of groundwater. 14C-based MRT calculations typically assume that the unsaturated zone is in equilibrium with the atmosphere, controlling the input 14C activity. However, multiple studies have shown that unsaturated zone 14C activities are lower than atmospheric values. Despite the availability of unsaturated zone 14C data, no attempt has been made to generalise initial 14C activities with depth to the water table. We utilise measurements of unsaturated zone 14C activities from 13 studies to produce a 14C-depth relationship to estimate initial 14C activities. The technique only requires the depth to the water table at the time of sampling, or an estimate of depth to water in the recharge zone to determine the input 14C activity, making it straightforward to apply. Applying this new relationship to two Australian datasets (113 14C measurements in groundwater) shows that MRT estimates were up to 9250 years younger when the 14C-depth correction was applied relative to conventional MRTs. These findings may have important implications for groundwater samples that suggest the mixing of young and old waters and the determination of the relative proportions of young and waters, whereby the estimated fraction of older water may be much younger than previously assumed. Owing to the simplicity of the application of the technique, this approach can be easily incorporated into existing correction schemes to assess the sensitivity of 14Cuz to MRTs derived from 14C data.
Estimation of groundwater recharge from groundwater levels using nonlinear transfer function noise models and comparison to lysimeter data
Authors: Collenteur Raoul A. , Bakker Mark , Klammler Gernot , Birk Steffen
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The estimation of groundwater recharge is of paramount importance to assess the sustainability of groundwater use in aquifers around the world. Estimation of the recharge flux, however, remains notoriously difficult. In this study the application of nonlinear transfer function noise (TFN) models using impulse response functions is explored to simulate groundwater levels and estimate groundwater recharge. A nonlinear root zone model that simulates recharge is developed and implemented in a TFN model and is compared to a more commonly used linear recharge model. An additional novel aspect of this study is the use of an autoregressive–moving-average noise model so that the remaining noise fulfills the statistical conditions to reliably estimate parameter uncertainties and compute the confidence intervals of the recharge estimates. The models are calibrated on groundwater-level data observed at the Wagna hydrological research station in the southeastern part of Austria. The nonlinear model improves the simulation of groundwater levels compared to the linear model. The annual recharge rates estimated with the nonlinear model are comparable to the average seepage rates observed with two lysimeters. The recharges estimates from the nonlinear model are also in reasonably good agreement with the lysimeter data at the smaller timescale of recharge per 10 d. This is an improvement over previous studies that used comparable methods but only reported annual recharge rates. The presented framework requires limited input data (precipitation, potential evaporation, and groundwater levels) and can easily be extended to support applications in different hydrogeological settings than those presented here.
Changes in drought features at the European level over the last 120 years
Authors: Ionita Monica , Nagavciuc Viorica
Published: May 2021

Abstract. In this study we analyze drought features at the European level over the
period 1901–2019 using three drought indices: the standardized
precipitation index (SPI), the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and the self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI). The results based on the SPEI and scPDSI point to the fact that Central Europe (CEU) and the Mediterranean region (MED) are becoming dryer due to an increase in the potential evapotranspiration and mean air temperature, while North Europe (NEU) is becoming wetter. By contrast, the SPI drought does not reveal these changes in the drought variability, mainly due to the fact that the precipitation does not exhibit a significant change, especially over CEU. The SPEI12 indicates a significant increase both in the drought frequency and area over the last three decades for MED and CEU, while SPI12 does not capture these features. Thus, the performance of the SPI may be insufficient for drought analysis studies over regions where there is a strong warming signal. By analyzing the frequency of compound events (e.g., high temperatures and droughts), we show that the potential evapotranspiration and the mean air temperature are becoming essential components for drought occurrence over CEU and MED. This, together with the projected increase in the potential evapotranspiration under a warming climate, has significant implications concerning the future occurrence of drought events, especially for the MED and CEU regions.
Looking beyond kinematics: 3D thermo-mechanical modelling reveals the dynamics of transform margins
Authors: Jourdon Anthony , Kergaravat Charlie , Duclaux Guillaume , Huguen Caroline
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Transform margins represent ∼ 30 % of non-convergent margins worldwide. Their formation and evolution have traditionally been
addressed through kinematic models that do not account for the mechanical behaviour of the lithosphere. In this study, we use high-resolution 3D
numerical thermo-mechanical modelling to simulate and investigate the evolution of intra-continental strain localization under oblique
extension. The obliquity is set through velocity boundary conditions that range from 15∘ (high obliquity) to 75∘ (low obliquity)
every 15∘ for rheologies of strong and weak lower continental crust. Numerical models show that the formation of localized strike-slip shear
zones leading to transform continental margins always follows a thinning phase during which the lithosphere is thermally and mechanically
weakened. For low- (75∘) to intermediate-obliquity (45∘) cases, the strike-slip faults are not parallel to the extension direction
but form an angle of 20∘ to 40∘ with the plate motion vector, while for higher obliquities (30∘ to 15∘) the
strike-slip faults develop parallel to the extension direction. Numerical models also show that during the thinning of the lithosphere, the stress
and strain re-orient while boundary conditions are kept constant. This evolution, due to the weakening of the lithosphere, leads to a strain
localization process in three major phases: (1) initiation of strain in a rigid plate where structures are sub-perpendicular to the extension direction;
(2) distributed deformation with local stress field variations and formation of transtensional and strike-slip structures; (3) formation of highly
localized plate boundaries stopping the intra-continental deformation. Our results call for a thorough re-evaluation of the kinematic approach to
studying transform margins.
Miocene high elevation and high relief in the Central Alps
Authors: Krsnik Emilija , Methner Katharina , Campani Marion , Botsyun Svetlana , Mutz Sebastian G. , Ehlers Todd A. , Kempf Oliver , Fiebig Jens , Schlunegger Fritz , Mulch Andreas
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Reconstructing Oligocene-Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth’s surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation history of the European Alps, however, remain scarce. Here we present stable and clumped isotope geochemistry measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for the mid-Miocene (~14.5 Ma) European Central Alps. We apply stable isotope δ-δ paleoaltimetry on near sea level pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (δD) records from the Simplon Fault Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate stable (δ18O, δ13C) and clumped (Δ47) isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic carbonate δ18O values and Δ47 temperatures (30 ± 5 °C) yield a near sea level precipitation δ18Ow value of −5.8 ± 0.2 ‰ and in conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate δD record suggest that the region surrounding the SFZ attained surface elevations of > 4000 m no later than the mid-Miocene. Our near sea level δ18Ow estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM Echam5-wiso) modeled δ18O values, which vary between −4.2 and −7.6 ‰ for the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.
Recent contrasting behaviour of mountain glaciers across the European High Arctic revealed by ArcticDEM data
Authors: Małecki Jakub
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Small land-terminating mountain glaciers are a widespread and important element of Arctic ecosystems, influencing local hydrology, microclimate, and ecology, among others. Due to little ice volumes, this class of ice masses is very sensitive to climate warming, the latter of which is extremely well manifested in the European sector of the Arctic, i.e. in the Barents Sea area. Archipelagos surrounding the Barents Sea, i.e. Svalbard (SV), Novaya Zemlya (NZ), and Franz Josef Land (FJ), host numerous populations of mountain glaciers, but their response to recent strong warming remains understudied in most locations. This paper aims to obtain a snapshot of their state by utilizing high-resolution elevation data (ArcticDEM) to investigate the recent (ca. 2011–2017) elevation and volume changes of 382 small glaciers across SV, NZ, and FJ. The study concludes that many mountain glacier sites across the Barents Sea have been in a critical imbalance with the recent climate and might melt away within the coming several decades. However, deviations from the general trend exist, e.g. a cluster of small glaciers in north SV experiencing thickening. The findings reveal that near-stagnant glaciers might exhibit contrasting behaviours (fast thinning vs. thickening) over relatively short distances, being a challenge for climate models, but also an opportunity to test their reliability.
LOTE learning motivation in multilingual workplace
Authors: Cheng 程倩 Qian , Wang Yawen , Zhao 赵珂 Ke
Published: May 2021

This study aims to investigate the LOTE learning motivation profiles of adult learners at a multilingual workplace and the interplay of multilevel factors affecting LOTE learning motivation. To address the research objectives, we undertook this case study on a Spanish bank subsidiary in China by conducting semi-structured interviews with three senior managers at varying LOTE language proficiency levels. Premised on a person-in-context relational perspective, interview data analysis revealed the participants LOTE motivation change trajectories resulting from the dynamic interplay of related factors. Further analysis of the narratives identified the interplay between key contextual and individual factors affecting the participants’ LOTE learning motivation at different levels, namely social cultural and institutional. The results emphasise the person-in-institutional context relation and the significance of team climate, language beliefs and identity in influencing LOTE learning motivation
Discursive practice of Chinese criminal adjudication: A genre perspective
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Han Zhengrui , Chen Haiqing , Ren Wei
Published: May 2021

Different from ordinary discourse, the institutional nature of courtroom discourse has attracted much scholarly attention in the field of applied linguistics and professional discourse studies. Previous studies have examined the lexico-grammatical features and asymmetric power relations inherent in courtroom communication. However, little research has investigated the hybridizing construction of judges’ discourse and the contextual clues that may shape such discursive construction. Under the framework of Critical Genre Analysis (Bhatia, 2017), this study examines 25 video recordings of criminal court trials in the Chinese mainland. The findings indicate a reciprocal relationship between the interdiscursive mechanism of judges’ discourse in criminal trials and the relevant social, cultural, and institutional background. The study also discusses the constituents of the overall courtroom discourse against the background of the social and political realities of the Chinese mainland
Being “geek” in digital communication: The case of Chinese online customer reviews
Authors: Long Chen , Hongqiang Zhu
Published: May 2021

In popular culture, the stereotypically iconized “geek” can be identified in different media narratives from mainstream television to magazines. Drawing upon insights from sociolinguistics and business communication studies, this paper attempts to identify the discursive constructs of “being geek” in Chinese digital business communication. By collecting the discourse data of online customer reviews from amazon.cn and analyzing the data based on the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, the study investigates how linguistic mechanisms operate in the shaping of geek culture and the construction of “being geek” in the participatory communication of business. The results revealed lexical variables and generic intertextuality are prominent in the discourse construction of “being geek”, to create a stimulus for a promotional culture in business communication.
Pragmatic functions of anglicisms in the Montenegrin language
Authors: Đurčević Jovana , Kostić Nataša
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with the traditional distinction between necessary and unnecessary loanwords as a problematic one because it marginalises the functions of so-called unnecessary loanwords. By adopting a cognitive-linguistic approach, this paper aims to highlight the importance of both types of loanwords from a language user’s point of view. To this end, we examine anglicisms in Montenegrin on the basis of a new pragmatic model which distinguishes between catachrestic and non-catachrestic loanwords (Onysko, Winter-Froemel 2011). Our study has shown that the pragmatic distinction of anglicisms is possible in Montenegrin, thereby proving it is unacceptable to divide them into necessary and unnecessary ones. The results also show that anglicisms do not always have all the characteristics typical of their categories, which brings us back to the cognitive-linguistic approach we have taken in our study.
Observar la publicidad con perspectiva de género: ocio, belleza y cultura de la violación
Authors: Ordóñez Laclé Camila
Published: May 2021

Entre 2017 y 2019 ingresaron 148 quejas ciudadanas válidas y casos especiales al Observatorio de la Imagen de las Mujeres en la Publicidad, lo que pone en evidencia la permanencia de discursos discriminatorios en la publicidad con base en el género. Las categorías con mayor índice de malas prácticas publicitarias fueron: alimentos y bebidas, ocio y entretenimiento, y belleza/moda/estética. El análisis crítico de contenido efectuado, con perspectiva feminista e interseccional, sobre los anuncios de estas categorías lleva a la conclusión de que el discurso publicitario difundido refuerza dañinos estándares de belleza para las mujeres, se acompañan de otros sesgos que las colocan en posición de subordinación, a la vez que se nutre la cultura de la violación; esto último por medio de su tratamiento como objetos sexuales, la minimización del consentimiento para la interacción sexual y fomentando el consumo de alcohol como medida válida para beneficiar dicha interacción en los espacios de ocio, principalmente nocturno. Se destaca la necesidad de seguir contando con mecanismos de observación de las narrativas publicitarias que involucren la participación ciudadana, implementar acciones diversas, sobre todo educativas, para la prevención de esta problemática, así como la sensibilización y capacitación del sector anunciante.
La comunicación estratégica y la responsabilidad social corporativa
Authors: Torres-Roma Emma , García-Mirón Silvia
Published: May 2021

Los contenidos vinculados a la responsabilidad social de las empresas llevan décadas estando presentes en las estrategias publicitarias de las empresas. De esta forma, el argumento específico de las mismas ha evolucionado según han cambiado las demandas o necesidades sociales de cada momento por lo que, coincidiendo con los avances en las investigaciones sobre el impacto del cambio climático en el mundo, los mensajes de concienciación sobre el cuidado del medio ambiente consiguieron tener un importante protagonismo. Sin embargo, la crisis económica de 2008 supuso un importante freno en esta tendencia, sin que se observe una recuperación hasta el año 2017. En esta investigación realizamos un seguimiento de los mensajes publicitarios de los grandes anunciantes españoles entre 2008 y 2020 identificando los contenidos vinculados con el cambio climático y estableciendo cómo se articulan estos en las estrategias publicitarias. Nuestro objetivo es, por tanto, identificar la finalidad de las marcas y empresas con el empleo de este tipo de contenidos y, sobre todo, los niveles de eficacia conseguidos por este tipo de estrategias.
La pérdida de anunciantes en la radio deportiva española como consecuencia del coronavirus: el caso de Carrusel Deportivo
Authors: De Sola Pueyo Javier
Published: May 2021

La pandemia del coronavirus generó un nuevo escenario en los medios de comunicación españoles, y no solo desde el punto de vista del contenido y las rutinas profesionales, sino que también en lo que se refiere a sus fuentes de financiación. Esta investigación analiza la presencia de anunciantes en los espacios de deportes y, en concreto, en el programa líder de la radio española, Carrusel Deportivo, de la Cadena SER, antes y durante la crisis sanitaria, cuando en el marco del estado de alarma el Gobierno de España reguló la presencia en la radio de los anuncios de las casas de apuestas, hasta entonces los más habituales en las retransmisiones deportivas. El estudio combina el análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo y revela que, en efecto, la presencia de anunciantes se redujo de manera sustancial en este contexto y que, además, las marcas que decidieron seguir anunciándose lo hicieron desde una perspectiva muy diferente a la que empleaban antes del estallido de la crisis sanitaria. Los anuncios fueron, durante la pandemia, más breves, menos diversos y menos creativos, y provocaron cambios en el propio programa deportivo. Esta situación abre un escenario de incertidumbre sobre los mecanismos de financiación de la radio deportiva en el corto y medio plazo.
Calculative assessment of the quantity of rehabilitators for realization of the process of interaction of calcium oxide with ceronic sulfur
Authors: Manachin I.A. , Shevchenko A.F. , Petrusha V.P. , Rudenko A.L.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the work is to study the amount of reducing agents required for reactions of the interaction of calcium oxide with sulfur in the desulphurization of pig iron. The possible reactions of the interaction of calcium oxide with pig iron are given. Required amounts of reducing agents ([Si], Mg, Al) are calculated for providing interaction of calcium oxide with sulfur iron. It was shown that the cost of reducing agents is in the range of 0,044 - 1,004 kg / t of pig iron, depending on the change in the input and final content of sulfur in the pig iron and the type of reducing agent - the participant in the process of pig iron desulphurisation with calcium oxide. The dependence of their expenses on the type of recovery and sulfur content is obtained. The specific costs of reducing agents significantly increase with the increase in the amount of sequestered sulfur, the dependence is linear. It is shown that magnesium monoindex is a logical and rational way of its application and does not require the use of a mixture of magnesium and lime. When using lime deuxulphurants, the most reasonable use of aluminum, which is also more technologically and cheap reagent for deoxidizing the melt. The diagrams and dependences of the cost of [Si], Mg and Al in the reaction of interaction of calcium oxide with sulfur dioxide on the amount of withdrawn sulfur [S] are given. Analysis of the calculated and actual results of off-stage pig iron desulphurization shows that the parameters of the resulting calculation chart are an integral part of the technological factors in the substantiation or evaluation of the process.