bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid biofabrication of neurosecretory structures as a model for neurosecretion
Authors: Dai Xingliang , Tian Xuefeng , Gu Shengcai , Yang Yafei , Li Huaixu , Gao Peng , Lan Qing , Cheng Hongwei
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to combine extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting and polymer nanofiber electrospinning technology to fabricate tissuelike structures with neurosecretory function in vitro. Using neurosecretory cells as cell resources, sodium alginate/gelatin/fibrinogen as matrix, polylactic acid/gelatin electrospun nanofibers as diaphragm, and neurosecretory cells-loaded 3D hydrogel scaffolds were bioprinted and then covered with electrospun nanofibers layerby-layer. The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the mechanical characteristics and cytotoxicity of the hybrid biofabricated scaffold structure were evaluated. The 3D-bioprinted tissue activity, including cell death and proliferation, was verified. Western blotting and ELISA experiments were used to confirm the cell phenotype and secretory function, while animal in vivo transplantation experiments confirmed the histocompatibility, inflammatory reaction, and tissue remodeling ability of the heterozygous tissue structures. Neurosecretory structures with 3D structures were successfully prepared by hybrid biofabrication in vitro. The mechanical strength of the composite biofabricated structures was significantly higher than that of the hydrogel system (P < 0.05). The survival rate of PC12 cells in the 3D-bioprinted model was 92.849 ± 2.995%. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained pathological sections showed that the cells grew in clumps, and there was no significant difference in the expression of MAP2 and tubulin-β between 3D organoids and PC12 cells. The results of ELISA showed that the PC12 cells in 3D structures retained the ability to continuously secrete noradrenaline and met-enkephalin, and the secretory vesicles around and within the cells could be observed by TEM. In in vivo transplantation, PC12 cells gathered and grew in clusters, maintained high activity, neovascularization, and tissue remodeling in 3D structures. The neurosecretory structures were biofabricated by 3D bioprinting and nanofiber electrospinning in vitro, which had high activity and neurosecretory function. In vivo transplantation of neurosecretory structures showed active proliferation of cells and potential for tissue remodeling. Our research provides a new method for biological manufacture of neurosecretory structures in vitro, which maintains neurosecretory function and lays the foundation for the clinical application of neuroendocrine tissues.
Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Biphenyl Derivatives with Central Unit Based on 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Oligomers
Authors: Gorbachev Stanislav A. , Zuev yacheslav V.
Published: December 2022

A number of compounds with biphenyl as a mesogenic fragment and a structure simulating LC dimers, polymers with mesogenic side chain groups and a star-shaped structure have been synthesized. An approach for the synthesis of such compounds under mild conditions and without a complex purification procedure with a quantitative yield, has been developed. The approach is the implementation of “click chemistry” methods for the synthesis of LC compounds. It has been shown that the LC state is observed only if there are three biphenyls in one molecule, i.e., the compounds appear to be similar to polyesters with biphenyl as a mesogenic moiety. The determining factor in the formation of the LC state and particularly smectic mesomorphism of compounds with such a potentially “weak” mesogen as biphenyl is the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Photo-Induced Anisotropy of Methyl Red Azo Dye in Polymer Film
Authors: Kozenkov Vladimir M. , Belyaev Viktor V. , Chausov Denis N.
Published: December 2022

A photo-induced anisotropy (PIA) of Methyl Red (MR) azo dye embedded in PMMA polymer solid films was investigated by studying dichroic spectra and photo-induced birefringence. The reversible PIA of MR dye was measured in situ during photoactive irradiation process. Photoinduced order increases with the rise of exposure power. It is shown that PIA dark relaxation slows down at higher exposure energy. The MR rotational diffusion was evaluated at different exposure modes. These data are useful for the characterization of Methyl Red azo dye as a liquid crystal photo-aligning material.
Field-Induced Stratification of Goethite Particles in Nematic Matrix
Authors: Petrov Danil A. , Khannanov Rifat R.
Published: December 2022

Within the continuum theory, the stratification of colloidal goethite particles in a nematic matrix induced by magnetic and gravitational fields has been studied. The case of a magnetically compensated suspension, which is a liquid crystal analogue of an antiferromagnet, is considered. For a twist structure, the spatial distributions of the fields of the director of the liquid crystal medium and the dispersed phase are studied. The distributions of goethite impurity particles over the layer thickness are calculated for different values of the magnetic field. The obtained equations of orientational and magnetic equilibrium of suspensions of goethite particles in a nematic have a general form and, in limiting cases, can be used to describe liquid crystal suspensions of anisometric ferromagnetic particles and carbon nanotubes.
Analysis of Some Tribological Properties of Hazelnut Oil in Gasoline Engines
Authors: KEVEN Arzu , KARAALİ Rabi
Published: December 2022

In this article, oil obtained from vegetable was used to lubricate a single-cylinder 2-stroke gasoline engine as lubricating oil, and tribological function of the obtained oil was investigated. To investigate the tribological functions of the lubricating oils, a 2-stroke single-cylinder gasoline engine was used. For mineral oil and hazelnut oil, the test engine was run for 100 hours for each one and were used to lubricate in the test engine as lubricating oils. Samples were prepared for the aim of the determining the wear on the cylinder surface, and also EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrograph) analysis were obtained. The results of the analyses showed that, the wear on the cylinder surface were increased in the studies using hazelnut oil and the C content of the cylinder sample increased compared to the study with mineral oil. Al element was detected in the cylinder sample in the hazelnut study, that the reason for this, is the transport of the Al element during the friction event in the piston material to the cylinder surface.
Knowledge and attitude regarding coronavirus disease-2019: an online survey of nursing staff from a tertiary care centre
Authors: Ukey Ujwala , Sharma Sarita W. , Rathod Pragati , Patil Sonali , Narlawar Uday , Ughade Suresh , Simon Sophie
Published: December 2022

Background: Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment and preventive vaccine against COVID-19. Stringent practice of preventive measures is recommended as the only way out for protecting oneself. However, uncertainties galore and the prevention cannot be guaranteed due to paucity of knowledge about the epidemiology of COVID-19. Nurses are in an ideal position to participate or play a key role in taking initiatives to enhance patient safety during COVID-19 pandemic. Their knowledge will help to break the transmission chain.Methods: In the present cross-sectional study an online questionnaire was used for data collection from nursing staff employed in a tertiary care centre/dedicated COVID hospital in central India. Universal sampling was done and the final sample size attained was 932. Data was cleaned, coded and analysis was done with statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Percentages, means and standard deviations (SD) were calculated and statistical tests in the form of t test and Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test were applied.Results: Social-media and television (TV) were the main sources of knowledge about COVID-19 for the study participants as reported by 76.82% and 74.25% respectively. Study participants were aware about the common symptom of COVID-19 like cough, 127 (13.63%), fever 30 (3.22%), and diarrhoea 80 (8.58%).Conclusions: Irrespective of their age and gender study participants had a fairly good knowledge about symptoms and prevention of COVID-19. Most of them were optimistic and had a positive attitude towards COVID-19 pandemic and resultant situation.
Public health risk analysis due to consuming Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) containing heavy metals in Bakan village, Lolayan district, Bolaang Mongondow regency
Authors: Maddusa Sri Seprianto , Asrifuddin Afnal , Mantjoro Eva Mariane
Published: December 2022

Background: Gold mining activities, both legal or illegal, as well as public activities that live around Bakan River influenced the quality of water. These activities produce waste that contains heavy metals from gold production and derivative impacts of these activities. The waste then flows into the water and pollute the water and biota. People that use the water feel the impact like health problems. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the fish in Bakan river that often consumed by people. Consuming fish that exposed to heavy metals in certain concentration is very dangerous for public health. A public health risk analysis is needed to estimate the magnitude of the impact. The research location is in the river on Bakan village, Lolayan district, Bolaang Mongondow regency. The aim of the study is to determine the levels of heavy metals Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)’s organs.Methods: The type of this study is observational with Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach, where the number of respondents is 100 people.Results: The results showed that the concentration of Cd (0.01<0.10), Cr (<0.1) and Pb (0.1<0.20) in fish is still below quality standard based on BPOM No. 23 of 2017. Health risk estimates obtained RQ>1 for metal As and Hg.Conclusions: This study has proven that consuming Tilapia is not safe for health.
Individual factors affecting compliance with standard infection prevention precautions on the use of personal protective equipment among community health practitioners in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Dotimi Doris A. , Odongo Alfred O. , Atei Kerochi
Published: December 2022

Background: Individual factors may have an impact on how well healthcare workers adhere to standards for infection prevention. The aim of the study was to identify individual factors affecting compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) use among community health practitioners in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.Methods: Three hundred and fifty-four (354) self-structured questionnaires were manually distributed among community health practitioners who worked at government-owned primary health care facilities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Item mean analysis with a criterion mean set at 2.0 was used to analyze the quantitative data of the 3-Likert scale and results were presented in tables, item mean, and percentages.Results: Individual factors affecting compliance with standard infection prevention precautions on the use of PPE were difficulty to feel veins while wearing PPE (x=2.7), some level of discomfort while performing skills using the PPE (x=2.0), and lack of knowledge of how to use the PPE (x=2.9). It was also revealed that those who complied with the standard infection prevention precaution do so because they understand that the use of PPE prevents them from being infected (x=2.9).Conclusions: Individual factors that affect compliance with standard infection prevention precautions on the use of PPE among community health practitioners can be modified. It is recommended that community health practitioners should have a positive attitude towards compliance with standard infection prevention precautions, especially in this post-COVID-19 era. The government should conduct continuous in-service training and regular supportive supervision on compliance with standard infection prevention precautions among health workers in the primary health care setting.
Association of orthodontic treatment and aspiration pneumonia
Authors: Sawas Mohamed Ali , Alenezi Nada Murdi , Alshahrani Ayesha Nasser , Al-Hammoud Salma Taher , Asiri Mohammed Abdullah , Alodan Yara Abdulaziz , Alghamdi Ali Mohammed , Alghamdi Meteb Abdullah , Alsharif Omar Abdoullah , Assiri Mohammad Yahya , Fayyumi Shahad Hassan
Published: December 2022

Foreign body aspiration or ingestion is an uncommon potential complication during orthodontic dentistry, and it can produce a medical emergency. Obstruction of the airways can be life-threatening, and delayed recognition and management can result in pulmonary complications such as recurrent pneumonia. Dental treatment has been identified as an important cause of the misplacement of foreign bodies in the airway. Objects used in orthodontic treatment are mainly used due to their manufacturing limitations, such as their shape and size, and because they are made of radiolucent materials, which make them easy to aspirate or ingest and difficult to detect with a radiograph. However, few reports have been published on orthodontic dentistry-related foreign body aspiration and pulmonary complications. Furthermore, micro-aspiration due to poor oral hygiene in patients undergoing orthodontic procedures has been investigated in this review since poor oral hygiene is a well-established risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in the elderly population. The association between the aspiration of orthodontic material and aspiration pneumonia is not well established. Aspiration pneumonia is a secondary symptom of misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of dental material aspiration. Additionally, poor oral hygiene can also increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients since poor oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment leads to plaque retention, which can lead to increased development of hyperplastic gingivitis and periodontal breakdown, established risk factor for aspiration pneumonia.
Categorization and complication of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Alharbi Samar A. , Alhayki Ammar H. , Alghamdi Ahmed A. , Althobaiti Abdulrahman S. , Alkhalfan Fatema F. , Muaddi Nawaf A. , Almabouth Mohammad S. , Alfaraj Zainab M. , Almajed Mohammed H. , Alkhiri Ali A. , Altharmani Basmah A.
Published: December 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most prevalent liver disease with a global prevalence of 25%. The frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the percentage of people with severe liver disease are expected to rise given the ongoing obesity pandemic, the rise in diabetes, and other factors. This will have a significant effect on health care expenditure and the need for liver transplantation, for which non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is already on track to overtake alcoholic steatohepatitis as the most prevalent reason. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by the triglyceride accumulation in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease who have advanced fibrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are at much higher risk of negative outcomes, such as overall mortality and liver-specific morbidity and death. It is a multisystemic clinical illness entity that manifests extrahepatic conditions like polycystic ovarian syndrome, type 2 diabetes, chronic renal disease, hypothyroidism, and psoriasis. In fact, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and liver-related problems are the three leading causes of death in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, in that order. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is further divided into two subtypes hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ranging from milder to more aggressive form of the disease.
Planning and setting up of a patient health record system for patients with non-communicable diseases in a primary healthcare setting
Authors: Nongkynrih Baridalyne , Chandra Ankit , Rai Sanjay Kumar
Published: December 2022

India has a high burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). For NCD surveillance, there are national and international targets. However, India lacks good quality data for NCD surveillance. Maintenance of the NCD record improves the quality of care and helps a treating physician in making a clinical decision. Most of the patients with NCDs seek care at the primary level and these facilities lack NCD record management. Through this paper, we share our experience of planning and setting up of a paper-based NCD health record system at a primary health care setting. We developed a system to generate and maintain patient health records which consisted of unique ID generation, index register, NCD record file and NCD passbook (Dhirghayu card) for each patient. We reorientated the process and devised a mechanism for record-keeping and data management. We faced several challenges during its implementation and overcame those with the mentioned solutions. Findings from this paper can be used to develop a similar system for patient health records at primary health care facilities, which can be used for NCD surveillance and patient monitoring purposes.
The Temple Baroque of Totma and Baikal Region at the End of the 18th Century as a Result of the Synthesis of Cultures and the Dividends of “Kyakhta Fair”
Authors: Goloviznin Mark
Published: December 2022

The paper reviews the socio-cultural consequences of the border trade between Russia and China in Kyakhta in 18th century, the formation of two regional architectural schools: the temple baroque style in Totma and the similar one in Baikal region. The development of Russо-Chinese confessional and cultural contacts including the origin of so called Russо-Chinese architectural style, the “cultural dialogue” between Orthodoxy and Buddhism in the Baikal region and its reflection in the architecture of the Siberian Baroque are also discussed in present work. We try to prove the point of view that the expansion of “Kyakhta fair”, the movement of Chinese and Siberian goods (as well as aesthetic influences) to the West, resulted in “re-export” of the architectural techniques of the Siberian Baroque to the Russian North.
The League of Arab States: Utopia or Reality?
Authors: Melkumyan Elena S.
Published: December 2022

The article attempts to examine the question of the reasons that led to the League of Arab States (LAS) to be in crisis, and to what extent the ideological basis — Arab unity — was realistic. The author analyses the various elements that define the concept and show their contradictory nature. The author examines the activities of the LAS, which did not achieve its main goal — the Arab unity, and only realized a relative consolidation of the Arab member states on the basis of confrontation with Israel and upholding the rights of the Arab people of Palestine. Noting the gradual weakening of the LAS role, the author considers it as a result of the inefficiency demonstrated by this organization during the aggravation of the Middle East situation after “the Arab Spring”. According to the author, the normalization of relations between a number of Arab states and Israel, as well as the conclusion of The Abraham Accords, was the blow that finally undermined its prestige.
Beginnings of Modern Christian Aristotelism
Authors: Swieżawski Stefan
Published: December 2022

This is an English translation of Swieżawski’s original article titled “Początki nowożytnego arystotelizmu chrześcijańskiego,” published in Roczniki Filozoficzne 19 (1971): 41–56.

The paper focuses on four main topics: (a) increased theological standing of Aristotle in the 15th century; (b) critical concerns over the compatibility of Aristotle’s philosophy with Christianity, as well as over its interpretation by Averroes; (c) search for the “historical Aristotle” and an objective assessment of the resultant interpretations of Aristotle’s philosophy; (d) identification of Thomism with Christian Aristotelianism.
Konsekwencje wojny na Ukrainie w wymiarze żywnościowym, ekonomicznym i energetycznym
Authors: Krzykowski Piotr
Published: December 2022

Rosyjska inwazja na Ukrainę była punktem zwrotnym dla światowego bezpieczeństwa, międzynarodowej gospodarki i globalnej architektury energetycznej. W zglobalizowanym świecie, uzależnionym wzajemnie od siebie, nie da się zawęzić wojny, takiej jak ta, do jednego regionu. Nie możemy utrzymać jej oddziaływania w granicach jednego kraju ani wyeliminować jednego państwa z kruchości łańcuchów dostaw. Ten nowy rodzaj wojny hybrydowej, w tym poważny kryzys humanitarny, trudności gospodarcze, a także kampanie dezinformacyjne i propagandowe, napięcia geopolityczne dotyczące dostaw surowców energetycznych oraz groźba wojny nuklearnej, będą miały dalekosiężne skutki. Artykuł stanowi próbę wskazania, że rosyjska inwazja na Ukrainę będzie miała daleko idące konsekwencje w różnych obszarach: sytuacja przekształciła się w kryzys humanitarny, spowodowała niestabilność bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego i energetycznego, oraz rodzi pytanie o architekturę bezpieczeństwa globalnego. Zdaniem autora wyzwania te nie ograniczą się jedynie do Ukrainy, ale ze względu na zglobalizowany świat, w którym żyjemy, będą stanowić wyzwania na całym świecie.
Od idei do faktu – droga Szwecji do NATO
Authors: Grzela Joanna , Bieniek Barbara
Published: December 2022

Szwedzka polityka bezpieczeństwa i obrony zmieniła się w ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat. Od silnego nacisku na krajową obronę terytorialną, przez uczestnictwo w międzynarodowych misjach zarządzania kryzysowego i powrót do koncepcji obrony całkowitej aż do decyzji o przystąpieniu do NATO. Jedną z pierwszych, istotnych zmian w szwedzkiej polityce bezpieczeństwa i obrony była deklaracja solidarności z 2009 roku, która została powtórzona w 2014 roku. Rząd podkreślił w niej, że Szwecja nie pozostanie bierna, gdy inne państwo zostanie dotknięte przez katastrofę lub zaatakowane. Prawdziwa „rewolucja” w szwedzkiej doktrynie bezpieczeństwa nastąpiła jednak po inwazji Rosji na Ukrainę w lutym 2022 roku. Wojna w najbliższym sąsiedztwie zmusiła Szwecję do dokonania przeglądu swojej polityki bezpieczeństwa, w efekcie którego rząd uznał, że państwo nie będzie dłużej bezpieczne pozostając poza NATO. Decyzja Szwecji o przystąpieniu do Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego jest historyczna i zrywa z jej długą tradycją neutralności i niezaangażowania.
Percepções de Homens sobre o Atendimento na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Interior do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: De Lima Bruno Manoel Menezes , Gomes Maria Fernanda Pereira , Santos Mariana Souza , Bravo Daiane Suele , Valverde Vanessa Ramos Lopes , Fracolli Lislaine Aparecida
Published: December 2022

RESUMOObjetivo: Conhecer a percepção de homens com idade igual e/ou superior a 50 anos sobre o atendimento à saúde sexual e reprodutiva e acolhimento ofertado pela Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com homens com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos no município de Sandovalina-SP. As entrevistas foram realizadas com a ajuda de um questionário sociodemográfico e roteiro semiestruturado, ocorreram nos domicílios dos participantes. As informações sociodemográficas coletadas foram organizadas e analisadas percentualmente com a ajuda do Microsoft Excel e o conteúdo das respostas foi analisado com base na análise qualitativa proposta por Minayo. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 11 homens com média de idade de 54 anos, a maioria casado, com ensino médio completo. 7 (63,63%) dos entrevistados disseram que vão ao médico mesmo quando não estão doentes para avaliação de rotina. Em relação a vida sexual ativa, 6 (54,54%) disseram ser frequente. 5 (45,45%) disseram que conhecem como funciona os serviços de saúde da APS e 9 (81,81%) acreditam que aumentaria a procura dos serviços de saúde pelos homens se houvesse um número maior de campanhas sobre a saúde do homem. Considerações finais: Os homens são sujeitos que devem ser acompanhados e incluídos na agenda das ações de saúde da APS do município. Nesta perspectiva, é necessário sensibilizar e atrair a população masculina por meio da realização de ações de promoção da saúde em diferentes espaços, que favoreçam sua participação e adesão aos cuidados de saúde.Descritores: Saúde Sexual; Acolhimento; Saúde do Homem.
Atuação do Fonoaudiólogo na Gestão em Saúde Pública em um Estado do sul do Brasil
Authors: Torbes Thayze Maria Marques , Santos Marília Ache Carlotto Brum , Turra Giovana Sasso
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Documentar as atividades do fonoaudiólogo na gestão em saúde, apresentando o perfil dos profissionais e suas atribuições nos setores em que atuam.  Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal de investigação quantitativa e qualitativa, realizado através de um questionário virtual e autoaplicável.  Resultados: Participaram do estudo 20 profissionais, todas do sexo feminino, a maioria na faixa etária entre 31 e 40 anos, com vínculo empregatício de concursada. A inserção das profissionais iniciou em 1998, concentrando-se nos anos de 2014 e 2015. A maior parte iniciou na Macrorregião Metropolitana, sem experiência prévia no âmbito da gestão em saúde pública. Quanto às atribuições das fonoaudiólogas no cargo de gestão em saúde, citaram a regulação de exames e consultas em especialidades, o trabalho interdisciplinar e intersetorial, a realização de educação em saúde para profissionais e usuários, a coordenação de políticas públicas em saúde, o planejamento e monitoramento das ações de saúde. A política pública citada com maior frequência foi a Saúde da Pessoa com Deficiência, especialmente, na área de Reabilitação Auditiva.  Conclusões: Pode-se considerar que a presença deste profissional na equipe gestora é essencial para fomentar e trazer visibilidade para a Fonoaudiologia no âmbito da Saúde Pública.
Centrais de Regulação e Consórcios Intermunicipais de Saúde: a Percepção de Gestores Catarinenses
Authors: Klima Felipe Leticia , Zaneripe de Souza Nunes Rafael , Borges Demarch Hexael , Antônio Ceretta Renan , Bisognin Ceretta Luciane , Pereira Corrêa Vanessa , Tuon Lisiane
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a percepção dos gestores dos consórcios intermunicipais de saúde e das comissões intergestores regionais do sul de Santa Catarina sobre a incorporação das centrais de regulação nos procedimentos eletivos de média e alta complexidade, inseridos nos consórcios intermunicipais de saúde do estado. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivocom abordagem mista, realizado com representantes legais de consórcios intermunicipais de saúde e gestores municipais representantes da Comissão Intergestores Regional do sul de Santa Catarina, totalizando 6 participantes. A coleta de dados se deu através de entrevista semiestruturada. A análise ocorreu por método de condensação de significados com auxílio do programa SPSS versão 23.0. Resultados: Foi possível obter a percepção dos representantes legais e gestores acerca dos mecanismos de regulação, legislação vigente, sua eficácia e seu conhecimento prévio a respeito dos mesmos. Além disso, conseguiu-se traçar as características do perfil profissional dos respectivos indivíduos. Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos apontam uma percepção positiva dos gestores acercada regulação e o auxílio que a mesma trouxe aos municípios em relação à continuidade na linha de cuidado e a garantia do acesso aos pacientes com critérios clínicos mais graves. Evidenciou-se também a necessidade de melhorias na eficiência e fiscalização das legislações vigentes além da necessidade dos gestores receberem capacitações acerca de características pontuais dos mecanismos legais.
Disputas e narrativas sobre o marco da geração distribuída no Brasil: retrocessos para a Agenda 2030 e o Acordo de Paris
Authors: Soares Alexsandra Maria de Almeida , Barreto Cristiane Gomes
Published: December 2022

A centralização e a baixa diversificação da matriz elétrica brasileira aumentaram a sensação de insegurança energética no País, um problema que ganha proporções ainda maiores diante das mudanças globais do clima. Esta pesquisa analisou a arena política em torno da regulamentação da geração distribuída de energia elétrica afim de elucidar os entraves a sua expansão. Para tanto, foram analisados documentos, discursos, entrevistas, apresentações, material audiovisual e publicações na imprensa sobre a geração distribuída e a fonte solar no País. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que, apesar do grande potencial de desenvolvimento da fonte no País, e dos compromissos internacionais firmados, as coalizões identificadas disputam narrativas que resultam em retrocessos para as agendas do clima e do desenvolvimento sustentável.
Anxiety and Depression Among Sudanese Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: A. Fadlalmola Hammad , A. Abdelmalik Mohammed , Kh. Masaad Huda , A. Mariod Abdalbasit , MA. Osman Abdalla , G. Osman Eyas , I.Yousif Kalthoum , M. Adam Aisha , A. Ebrahim Sahar , M. Elhusein Amal
Published: December 2022

Background: While treating patients during a pandemic, nurses are at risk of mental health issues caused by the stress they face. This study aimed to examine the degree of anxiety and depression among Sudanese nurses throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and demographic features and their association with depression and anxiety. Methods: An online-based cross-sectional study was conducted on Sudanese nurses. Data were collected from eligible nurses using a three-part questionnaire: demographic questions, the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the major depression index (MDI). We used the Chi-square test and Spearman or point biserial correlation to assess the association between demographics, anxiety, and depression. Results: Two hundred and forty-six nurses from Sudan participated in this study. Around 69.5% of participants experienced mild to severe anxiety, while 26.4% revealed mild to severe depression. We found a significant association between depression and anxiety (P < 0.001). However, we did not find a significant association between depression or anxiety categories and the baseline characteristics of participants. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates high rates of anxiety and depression among Sudanese nurses throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. As we found no association between anxiety and depression with personal characteristics, psychological support should be given to all nurses’ categories as all of them nearly have the same risk for anxiety and depression.
Skovorodynstvo and skovorodyntsi as an Alternative Sociocultural Trend (the End of the 18th and the First Half of the 19th Centuries)
Authors: Okarynskyi Volodymyr
Published: December 2022

The article examines the skovorodynstvo as the socio-cultural trend of the educated class of followers of philosophical views and, most of all, the lifestyle of Ukrainian travelling philosopher Hryhorii Skovoroda (1722–1794). Common to the skovorodyntsi was the fascination with the person of Skovoroda. The skovorodynstvo was in agreement with some other nonconformist trends of that time, had a connection with the Ukrainian national movement. Thus, is it a coincidence that the initiators of the Ukrainian cultural and national revival such as Ivan Kotliarevskyi, Hryhorii Kvitka-Osnovianenko and their followers are included in this movement? What features of Skovoroda’s way of life did attract his followers, and what did they bring on their own? The nonconformism of Ukrainian pre-romanticism and early romanticism coincided with the nonconformist lifestyle of the philosopher, noticeable and attractive during his lifetime and especially after his death. The skovorodynstvo can be divided into two trends: popular (among the general public) and intellectual. Skovorodyntsi from intellectual movement (intellectuals) found themselves in literary work, discovering or propagandizing the ideas of the skovorodynstvo, as well as giving the image of the skovorodynets. During the period between 1790 and 1850, the skovorodynstvo remained as a marker of the alternatives. The intellectual moods of the 19th century perceived or rejected the skovorodynstvo, oscillating between realistic materialism and idealistic mysticism, but such a trend to some extent continued, thus enriching other alternative socio-cultural or intellectual-aesthetic moves (tolstovstvo, modernism etc).
Multitude of Images of Hryhorii Skovoroda in the Works of Kyiv Theological Academy Teachers and Students (19th – early 20th Century)
Authors: Pastushenko Liudmyla
Published: December 2022

This is the first article recreating the full history of research on the Ukrainian philosopher Hryhorii Skovoroda made by students and teachers of the Kyiv Theological Academy in the second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century. The analysis highlights the qualitative diversity of research interpretations of Skovoroda’s figure and his creative work in cultural, historical, and biographical contexts, while identifying common features that unite those different scientific perceptions. The article demonstrates that the academic research interest in Skovoroda’s heritage was both due to the desire to introduce this little-known at that time figure of the Ukrainian thinker by creating a variety of attractive images, and to prove that idealistic direction prevailed in local philosophy since the beginning of its formation. Disclosing the multilayered structure of interpretations of Skovoroda present in the scientific studies of theological academic researchers, enabled the author to show simultaneous unity and diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches found within the national academic interpretational field and determined by different philosophical, scientific, cultural, educational, and sociopolitical priorities of researchers.
Assessment of Student leadership Training program based on Student Leaders Perceptions: Case of a Private Secondary School in Zimbabwe.
Authors: Chifamba Constance , Zimunya Florence , Nembaware Tafadzwa , Dimairo Naume
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this was to evaluated the effectiveness of Student Leadership training program carried out for the newly elected student leaders of a private secondary school in Zimbabwe. A qualitative descriptive case study was used in this study. Ten 10 student leaders were purposively selected from a total of 24 student leaders. In-depth interviews were used to solicit the student leaders’ perceptions on the effectiveness of the student leadership training offered to the newly elected student leaders. Data collected was analysed using thematic Analysis. Findings of the study indicate that the student leadership program was deemed effective as it became an eye opener for most of the student leaders as it helped some to change their attitudes for better. The major strengths of the training program that were highlighted include that firstly the timing was very appropriate, coming soon after the installation and inauguration of the new leaders, before they assumed duties so they could be adequately equipped so as to avoid making blunders. Secondly, the training included team building activities and thirdly, that it was grounded on Christian principles such as honesty, integrity and Commitment to serve and uphold the school rules in an exemplary way. This equipped the budding leaders with key leadership skills and competencies such as interpersonal skills, effective communication skills, decision making strategies, problem solving skills as well as collaborative skills. Most participants opined that they got to understand their duties and responsibilities better and could feel confident to function as liaison between student body and faculty. On the other hand, the student leadership training had a major limitation of time constraint. Hence some of the topics were scantly covered and others such as issues of punishment were not covered at all. In conclusion, student leadership training should be considered seriously as an essential training not only of student leaders but as an opportunity to nurture and groom budding leaders for tomorrow. The study recommends that in future, the training could be more effective if it is carried out for 2-3 consecutive days of if it is split into 2 distinct phases, thus allowing for more interactive team building activities.
The Effect of Tax, Exchange Rate, and Leverage on Transfer Pricing Policy with Foreign Ownership as Moderating Variables
Authors: Solihin  , Utami* Wiwik
Published: December 2022

Abstract; In general, multinational companies that have affiliated relationships make transfer pricing policies. There are various motivations related to the transfer pricing policy This research aims to analyze the causal correlation of tax, exchange rate, and leverage on transfer pricing with foreign ownership as moderator. The research population is companies from manufacturing sector that listed on the IDX year 2017 until 2019. The sample of this research is 52 companies from manufacturing sector that were chosen based on purposive sampling, with the criteria of companies that have foreign ownership. The method of this research is a quantitative method, with panel data regression analysis. The results of this research are exchange rate and leverage have positive effect on transfer pricing, while tax has no effect on transfer pricing. Foreign ownership as a moderator wasn’t able to moderate the effect of tax, exchange rate, and leverage on transfer pricing. The implication of the research  is that the dominant motives that trigger companies to do transfer pricing are exchange rates and leverage, not tax incentives. If the exchange rate increases, the company will sell to countries whose currency exchange rates strengthen so that the price of products/services will be cheaper and able to compete.

Keywords: Tax, Exchange Rate, Leverage, Transfer Pricing, Foreign Ownership
La agenda feminista en la propuesta de una nueva Constitución para Chile
Authors: Guzmán Virginia
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo analiza las relaciones que se entablan entre procesos socioculturales contestatarios y el establecimiento de normas jurídicas dentro del contexto de elaboración de una nueva Constitución en Chile (2019-2022). Se pregunta por los acontecimientos que convergieron en el estallido social en Chile en octubre de 2019 y que dieron lugar, en un contexto de gran inestabilidad política, a una salida institucional demandada desde los movimientos sociales: la elaboración de una nueva Constitución a través de instancias democráticas y participativas. El análisis esclarece el papel de los movimientos feministas como fuerza transformadora democrática, su incidencia en la institucionalización de la Convención Constitucional y en la incorporación de las demandas feministas en la propuesta de nueva Constitución. Las fuentes de este análisis son la participación en el proceso constituyente y la observación participante del mismo, la realización de entrevistas en profundidad, la intervención en articulaciones feministas y en plataformas digitales, y la información producida por la Convención Constitucional y los observatorios de seguimiento.Palabras clave: Acceso a la vivienda, inmigrantes, actitudes racistas, discursos racistas, precariedad económica, relaciones intergrupales.

Recibido: 20 junio 2022 Aceptado: 07 noviembre 2022
Ortiz, Isabel et al. 2022. World Protests. A Study of Key Protest. Issues in the 21st Century. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 185 p. Eyal, Nadav. Revolt. 2021. The Worldwide Uprising Against Globalization. Londres: Picador. 515 p.
Authors: Aguirre Mariano
Published: December 2022

Durante los últimos 20 años la protesta social ha tenido un papel relevante en más de 100 países.  La mayor parte de estas protestas han sido pacíficas y han tenido como objetivo movilizar a los Estados para contar con más justicia y tener acceso a cuestiones que se enmarcan en los derechos humanos denominados de segunda generación (económicos, sociales y culturales). Aunque hay una dura respuesta por parte de gobiernos autoritarios, la protesta parece haberse instalado como una forma de vida de numerosos grupos sociales.
Demanding what is rightfully theirs. The link between social justice protests and economic, cultural, and social rights
Authors: Berrada Mohamed
Published: December 2022

The right to peaceful assembly and association have been central to the notion of human rights since their very first iterations. A selection of key peaceful protest movements in the 21st century shows that the movements themselves are expressing demands that are in line with the human rights approach (Ortiz et al. 2022). Among the main findings is that over half of protest movements incorporate some economic or social justice demand (higher wages, jobs, housing, healthcare, pensions…). This article looks at protest movements that have demands that are linked to rights expressed by the UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (United Nations 1966). Though protesters do not express their demands in the language of human rights, their demands for social justice are mostly already enshrined in the declaration. The author compares demands of economic justice to their counterpart in terms of rights, stressing the need for countries to reexamine their own policies considering these protests or potentially face escalating social unrest.

Received: 20 July 2022 Accepted: 30 November 2022
Energia Armazenada no Dossel Urbano, Ilha de Calor e Consumo Energético de Edifícios em Clima Tropical
Authors: Julio Apolonio Callejas Ivan , Durante Luciane Cleonice , Lalesca Aparecida da Guarda Emeli , Carlos Machado Sanches João
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar as relações entre a energia armazenada no dossel, a ilha de calor (ICU) e o consumo energético de edificações localizadas em sítios urbano e rural, em clima tropical. Foram utilizadas estações meteorológicas para coletar dados de saldo de energia, fluxo de calor armazenado no solo, temperatura e umidade absoluta do ar, nas estações climáticas seca e chuvosa. O fluxo de calor no solo foi medido por meio de fluxímetro e a energia armazenada no dossel urbano foi estimada. Utilizou-se o parâmetro de Graus-Hora de Resfriamento para derivar o consumo de energia para refrigeração dos dormitórios de uma edificação hipotética, localizada nos sítios urbano e rural. Os resultados indicaram diferenças entre o saldo de energia disponível e a energia armazenada nos sítios urbano e rural, bem como entre a temperatura e umidade do ar. A diferença de 0,3MJ m-2dia-1 de energia estocada a mais no meio urbano em relação ao rural, no mês seco, corroborou para elevar a intensidade da ICU de 2,2°C, em média, no dossel urbano. No período chuvoso, a diferença foi de 0,8MJ m-2dia-1 e observou-se elevação de 1,4°C na ICU. Os dormitórios da edificação localizada no meio urbano demandaram 4,6kW/(m2mês) a mais no mês de setembro, para manter as mesmas condições térmicas do mês de fevereiro, que demandou 1,4kW/(m2mês). Os resultados demonstram que as edificações sob o efeito do fenômeno de ilha de calor urbana requerem maior demanda de energia para a manutenção de condições similares de habitabilidade que no meio rural.
Linguagem poética e moda
Authors: Kempinska Olga
Published: December 2022

A presente reflexão se volta para os diferentes sentidos da noção de concretude manifestos no trabalho teórico dos concretistas brasileiros, que chegaram à procura pelo realismo da palavra poética, que desafia a visão da linguagem enquanto um sistema autônomo em relação à realidade e à cultura de consumo. Criticada no contexto do consumismo por Zygmunt Bauman, a moda não deixa, com efeito, de desvelar algumas ambiguidades potencialmente subversivas. A concretude da palavra poética pode ser, de fato, encontrada nos textos que valorizam o visível fotográfico, o inatingível, assim como a moda e o silêncio. Como o demonstra a perspectiva comparatista e a interpretação dos textos de Natasha Trethewey, de Henri Michaux e de Miron Białoszewski, o concretismo afirma também a prática de uma intertextualidade subversiva, assim como a crítica do fonocentrismo.
Alalia (zaburzenie) a opóźnienie rozwoju mowy. Czy, jak i kiedy możliwe jest ich rozróżnienie?
Authors: Bielenda‑Mazur Ewa
Published: December 2022

W artykule podjęto temat diagnozy różnicowej pomiędzy opóźnieniem w rozwoju mowy, niemającym konsekwencji w przyszłości, a sytuacją, gdy jest ono symptomem zaburzenia towarzyszącego człowiekowi przez całe życie, czyli alalii. Autorka postuluje podjęcie diagnozy dziecka niezależnie od jego wieku, traktowanie każdego dziecka z opóźnionym rozwojem mowy jako zagrożonego alalią oraz przystąpienie do odpowiedniego postępowania rewalidacyjnego na wczesnym etapie rozwoju.
Podstawowe aspekty diagnozy dziecka z zaburzeniem językowym
Authors: Paluch Anna , Drewniak- Wołosz Elżbieta
Published: December 2022

Diagnozowanie dziecka z DLD wymaga czasu, stanowi proces i ma charakter interdyscy­plinarny. Szczególnie dotyczy to różnicowania między opóźnieniem a zaburzeniem rozwoju mowy i języka. Z uwagi na wielość terminów diagnostycznych istotna jest diagnoza funk­cjonalna. Diagnoza nominalna (klasyfikująca) powinna dać podstawy do objęcia dziecka formalną opieką terapeutyczną i edukacyjną. Z punktu widzenia praktyki diagnostycznej istotne jest opracowanie zasad współpracy specjalistów zaangażowanych w diagnozę.
Ocena słuchu fonematycznego dziecka z alalią prolongatą. Studium przypadku
Authors: Sobańska Julita
Published: December 2022

Słuch fonematyczny pozwala właściwie dekodować znaczenie wyrazów, rozpoznawać sylaby i różnicować głoski, zapewniając odbiór dźwięków mowy na podstawie czynności recepcji, rozróżniania, różnicowania i pamięci słuchowej. Zaprezentowane w artykule wyniki testu słuchu fonematycznego sześcioletniego dziecka z alalią prolongatą wskazują podstawowe trudności, wyznaczają potrzeby programowe, a jednocześnie nakreślają perspektywę zadań edukacyjnych i terapeutycznych. Utrzymujące się deficyty w rozwoju mowy i artykulacji wraz z zaburzeniami słuchu fonematycznego mogą mieć decydujący wpływ na ocenę goto­wości szkolnej, a następnie pomyślny start na etapie edukacji wczesnoszkolnej.
Spektrum autyzmu a afazja rozwojowa. Porównanie rozwoju języka
Authors: Tarkowski Zbigniew , Wójcik Monika , Lech Magdalena
Published: December 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, w których uczestniczyło 37 dzieci ze spektrum autyzmu oraz 12 dzieci z afazją rozwojową wieku od 2,6 do 8,1 lat. Zostały one ocenione za pomocą Testu Rozumienia Zdań, Przesiewowego Testu Logopedycznego oraz Skali Inte­ligencji Stanford‑Binet. Okazało się, że badane dzieci autystyczne oraz dzieci afatyczne mają inteligencję na pograniczu niepełnosprawności intelektualnej oraz są opóźnione w rozwoju mowy. Nie stwierdzono między nimi istotnych statystycznie różnic w zakresie rozumienia języka. Dzieci autystyczne uzyskały znacznie wyższe wyniki niż dzieci afatyczne w próbach oceniających słownik, gramatykę i wymowę. Stwierdzono także wysoką zależność między wynikami w Teście Rozumienia Zdań oraz Przesiewowym Teście Logopedycznym. Nato­miast korelacja między rozumieniem języka a inteligencją niewerbalną okazała się nieistot­na statystycznie.
Instrument validation of perceived organizational support (POS) indonesian version: A rasch model analysis
Authors: Syahputra Wahyu , Yundianto Devie , Indrawardhana Edwin
Published: December 2022

The Perceived Organizational Support scale developed by Eisenberg is still quite widespread in Indonesia. The POS scale precisely measures how employees perceive organizational support. On the other hand, analysis of items on the POS scale continues. However, this scale analysis has yet to be found using the Rasch Model with a sample of Indonesian people. One of the advantages of the Rasch model is objectivity-specific, i.e., item parameters do not depend on individual characteristics, and vice versa. So this study aims to analyze the validity of the items using the Rasch model. The sample in this study consisted of 325 people consisting of 175 men (52.31%) and 150 women (47.69%). The age range of 18 years – to 68 years. From the item validation test, this scale has good unidimensionality, a standardized reliability index so that the scale is reliable enough, and has items that fall into the fit proper test criteria. The conclusion is that the POS scale has good potential to measure Perceived Organizational Support in Indonesia.