bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION OF THE WATER OF THE MOULOUYA MEDIUM
Authors: Ech-Chafay H. , Najy M. , El Ghazouany A. , Akkaoui O. , Lachhab M. , Belghyti D.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This work is part of a program to study and monitor the impact of human activities in the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj on the quality of the surface waters of the average Moulouya (Morocco).The aim of this study is to evaluate in time and space, the degree of metallic pollution of surface water of the average Moulouya during the period (September 2014, January, April and July 2015). The results of this study suggest that the waters of the ten stations in the study area are relatively contaminated with heavy metals. The contents of the analyzed metals are high and variable in the wastewater of the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj and in the waters of the Moulouya average.The anthropogenic impact on the ecosystems selected for this work is highlighted by: the high metallic contamination of the water of the stations located downstream of wastewater discharges of the cities of Missour and Outat El Haj, and the variation of the contents according to an increasing concentration gradient from station M1 to M9.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TSUNAMI HAZARDS IN SOUTH ATLANTIC COAST: CASE OF THE CITY OF AGADIR – MOROCCO: PRELIMINARY RESULT
Authors: Fajri Z. , Outiskt M. , Khouyaoui Y. , El Moussaoui S. , El Talibi H. , Aboumaria K.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The coastal zone is a highly complex area because of its location at the interface between land and sea and as a preferred location for many forms of development. A mega tsunami from the Canary Islands will hit not only the Atlantic coasts of Morocco, but also Spain, Portugal, Great Britain and even reach US shores.A slight earthquake or possible volcanic eruption can trigger one of the most violent natural disasters in history. Indeed, according to Steven Ward and Simon Day (2001) the west flank of the Cumbre Vieja volcano, located on the island of Palma is unstable and could, as a result of a future eruption, collapse into the ocean. It would be in the worst scenario of a huge piece of 25 km long, 15 wide and 1,400 meters thick that would come off, a total of 500 cubic kilometers of land and rocks. This wave could reach 50 meters of height, once arrived on the Moroccan coasts. In this study, a numerical inundation and vulnerability models are used to identify the location and nature of current and future hazards and risk on the Moroccan coast to better understand the tsunami hazard and vulnerability along the Moroccan coast. We have worked on the correction of coastlines from satellite imagery on Google Earth and the digitization of bathymetric and topographic maps, in order to create digital elevation models (DEM). We have also studied the vulnerability assessment of the buildings by using the BTV model (Building Tsunami Vulnerability) such as a combination of tsunami inundation numerical modelling, field survey data and geographic information system.
PRODUCING AND VISUALIZATING 3D BUILDING GEODATABASE AS A PART OF 3D CADASTRE PROJECT
Authors: Guntel A. , Aydinoglu A. C.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Digital data production possibilities have developed with the emerging technologies, and it has become possible to use different data formats together. The usability of three-dimensional (3D) data on various application areas has increased with the multidimensional use of geographic data in established information systems, for 3D visualization, presentation, and analysis. Topography-related analyzes such as digital elevation models, digital terrain models, slope maps and visibility maps can be made from geographic data sets produced in 3D. In addition, the use of 3D data in Building Information Modeling (BIM) has added various innovations for geographic data analysis. In this study, a geographic database was established by taking the vector data produced in the 3D Cadastre project that was carried out by the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre as an example. Data obtained from photogrammetry and architectural projects were used in accordance with the OGC CityGML standard. After creating 3D building database in GIS environment, as result of various visualization and analysis techniques, the contributions of this project to BIM were revealed for various applications such as real estate valuation, disaster management, renewable energy, 3D city models, and smart city projects.
THE ROLE OF GEOMATICS ENGINEER IN SMART CITIES: A VIEW WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF TURKISH 2020–2023 NATIONAL SMART CITIES STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN
Authors: Konur K. , Alkan R. M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The development of technology resulted major revolutions in the cities. With the integration of technological developments into cities, the concept of smart cities began to emerge. Today, applications are made on smart cities in many countries. It is not possible to build a smart city without geographic data. It is one of the main duties of Geomatics Engineers to produce, use, process and finalize the geographic data and present it to the user. In this study, referring to the role of Geomatics Engineer in smart cities across Turkey 2020-2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan framework is made in the investigations. When this plan is examined, it is seen that the importance of geographical/geo-spatial data and geo-information technologies for the realization of smart cities is an undeniable fact. In the 2020–2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan, it has been clearly demonstrated that Geographic Information Systems and Geographic Information Technologies have a great role in creating smart cities.
SECURITY STUDY OF ROUTING ATTACKS IN VEHICULAR AD-HOC NETWORKS (AUTONOMOUS CAR)
Authors: Lahdya S. , Mazri T.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. For the past twenty years, the automotive industry and research organizations have been aiming to put fully autonomous cars on the road. These cars which can be driven without the intervention of a driver, use several sensors and artificial intelligence technologies simultaneously, which allow them to detect the environment in order to merge the information obtained to analyze it, decide on an action, and to implement it. Thus, we are at the dawn of a revolution in the world of transport and mobility, which leads us to ensure the movement of the autonomous car in a safe manner. In this paper, we examine certain attacks on autonomous cars such as the denial of service attack, as well as the impact of these attacks on the last two levels of vehicle autonomy.
DOWNSCALING OF SMAP SOIL MOISTURE PRODUCT BY DATA FUSION WITH VIIRS LST/EVI PRODUCT
Authors: Lei X. , Wang Y. , Guo T.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Soil moisture is an essential variable of environment and climate change, which affects the energy and water exchange between soil and atmosphere. The estimation of soil moisture is thus very important in geoscience, while at same time also challenging. Satellite remote sensing provides an efficient way for large-scale soil moisture distribution mapping, and microwave remote sensing satellites/sensors, such as Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR), and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite, are widely used to retrieve soil moisture in a global scale. However, most microwave products have relatively coarse resolution (tens of kilometres), which limits their application in regional hydrological simulation and disaster prevention. In this study, the SMAP soil moisture product with spatial resolution of 9km is downscaled to 750m by fusing with VIIRS optical products. The LST-EVI triangular space pattern provides the physical foundation for the microwave-optical data fusion, so that the downscaled soil moisture product not only matches well with the original SMAP product, but also presents more detailed distribution patterns compared with the original dataset. The results show a promising prospect to use the triangular method to produce finer soil moisture datasets (within 1 km) from the coarse soil moisture product.
INVESTIGATION OF TEMPORAL CHANGE OF LAND USE IN ELMALI BASIN USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Menteşe H. , Eymen A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The sustainable use of water and soil, which are indispensable for living things, is closely related to the concept of land use. While land use is becoming gradually modern as a necessity of the age, urbanization and industrialization are also gaining great importance. So much so that, in Turkey, where agriculture-based economy was emphasized until the 1980s, interest in exports of industrial products has increased in recent years and industrial investments especially in the Marmara region have increased considerably. This situation has increased job opportunities due to the industrialization developing in the region and has led to an increase in the population in parallel. The structure process has accelerated in order to meet the needs of the increasing population.Basin areas, which contain a wide variety of classes, are among the regions that are highly affected by these changes. Within the scope of the study, Elmalı Basin, which is used to supply potable and utility water to the province of Istanbul, was chosen as the study area. Within the scope of the research, the temporal change of the land use in Elmalı Basin has been investigated by using Landsat-8 satellite with a spatial resolution of 30 meters for the years 2013, 2015, 2018 and 2020 taking advantage of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies. Classification was made with support vector machines, one of the controlled classification methods on satellite images, and the changes in land use were evaluated by comparing the images of working years.
MODELLING IMMOVABLE ASSET IN 3D USING CITYGML 3.0 CONCEPT TO SUPPORT SMART CITY INITIATIVES
Authors: Nasir A. A. M. , Azri S. , Ujang U.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Urbanization phenomenon is a key role that contributes to the smart cities development. The expansion of urban growth requires everything to be smart and controlled by advance technology for efficient urban management. One of the important aspects that often overlooked in realizing smart cities is asset management. Asset management is an approach for managing, monitoring and maintenance of assets. Previous studies showed that there are several efforts in managing asset by integrating the asset with Geographic Information System (GIS). However, several limitations can be seen from the studies such as unavailability of real visualization and limitation on asset descriptions although we believe that 3D offers rich information and real visualization for asset management practice. Therefore, to achieve an effective asset management, we proposed to conceptualize the asset with the latest version of CityGML 3.0. The aim of this paper is to model the immovable asset using CityGML 3.0 concept. We adopted the concept of occupied and unoccupied spaces to model the public hall, owned by Johor Bahru City Council (MBJB). The hall was modelled based on point cloud data set from Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The attribute data for the hall was stored in 3DCityDB for information retrieval and query. The result showed that the hall was successfully visualized and information regarding the asset can be retrieved. With this approach, it is believed that an effective 3D asset management system can be developed in the future, to ensure adequate system performance and effective cost operational.
INVESTIGATION OF POINTNET FOR SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF LARGE-SCALE OUTDOOR POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Nurunnabi A. , Teferle F. N. , Li J. , Lindenbergh R. C. , Parvaz S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Semantic segmentation of point clouds is indispensable for 3D scene understanding. Point clouds have credibility for capturing geometry of objects including shape, size, and orientation. Deep learning (DL) has been recognized as the most successful approach for image semantic segmentation. Applied to point clouds, performance of the many DL algorithms degrades, because point clouds are often sparse and have irregular data format. As a result, point clouds are regularly first transformed into voxel grids or image collections. PointNet was the first promising algorithm that feeds point clouds directly into the DL architecture. Although PointNet achieved remarkable performance on indoor point clouds, its performance has not been extensively studied in large-scale outdoor point clouds. So far, we know, no study on large-scale aerial point clouds investigates the sensitivity of the hyper-parameters used in the PointNet. This paper evaluates PointNet’s performance for semantic segmentation through three large-scale Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) point clouds of urban environments. Reported results show that PointNet has potential in large-scale outdoor scene semantic segmentation. A remarkable limitation of PointNet is that it does not consider local structure induced by the metric space made by its local neighbors. Experiments exhibit PointNet is expressively sensitive to the hyper-parameters like batch-size, block partition and the number of points in a block. For an ALS dataset, we get significant difference between overall accuracies of 67.5% and 72.8%, for the block sizes of 5m × 5m and 10m × 10m, respectively. Results also discover that the performance of PointNet depends on the selection of input vectors.
EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PATCH BASED IMAGE CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE USING HIGH RESOLUTION WORLDVIEW-2 IMAGE
Authors: Ozturk M. Y. , Colkesen I.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the performance of patch-based classification technique in land use/land cover classification and to investigate the effect of patch size in thematic map accuracy. To reach desired goal, recently proposed ensemble learning classifiers (i.e., XGBoost and CatBoost) were utilized to classify produced image patches obtained from high-resolution WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite image. . In order to analyse the effect of varying patch size on classification accuracy, three different window sizes (i.e., 3 × 3, 7 × 7 and 11 × 11) were applied to WV-2 imagery for extracting image patches. Constructed image patches were classified using XGBoost and CatBoost ensemble learning classifiers and thematic maps were constructed for varying patch sizes. Results showed that while XGBoost and CatBoost showed similar classification performances for varying patch size and the estimated highest overall accuracy were %68, %82 and %92 for 11x11, 7 × 7 and 11 × 11 patch sizes, respectively. These findings confirmed that defining class boundaries on the high-resolution image using smaller patches increases the accuracy of thematic maps. In addition, results of patch-based classification were compared the results of LULC maps produced by same classifiers using pixel-based classification method. Overall accuracy of pixel-by-pixel classification of WV-2 image reached to about %94. Furthermore, CatBoost showed superior classification performance in all time compared to XGBoost. All in all, pixel-based CatBoost was found to be more successful in LULC mapping of fine resolution image.
DESIGN OF A SERVERLESS OGC WPS BASED GEOPROCESSING SERVICE SOLUTION
Authors: Pakdil M. E. , Çelik R. N.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Geospatial data and related technologies have increasingly become a crucial part of big data analysis processes and even a prominent player in most of them. Serverless architectures have become today's trending and widely used technology within the cloud computing paradigm. In this paper, we review the serverless paradigm advantages over traditional cloud architecture models and infrastructures. Moreover, we examined the deployment of Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Processing Service (WPS) specification based geoprocessing Application Programming Interface (API) with serverless architecture. In this context, we propose a system design and review it in detail together with the results discussed along with use cases.
REMOTELY SENSED IMAGE FAST CLASSIFICATION AND SMART THEMATIC MAP PRODUCTION
Authors: Alcaras E. , Amoroso P. P. , Parente C. , Prezioso G.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Apps available for Smartphone, as well as software for GNSS/GIS devices, permit to easily mapping the localization and shape of an area by acquiring the vertices coordinates of its contour. This option is useful for remote sensing classification, supporting the detection of representative sample sites of a known cover type to use for algorithm training or to test classification results. This article aims to analyse the possibility to produce smart maps from remotely sensed image classification in rapid way: the attention is focalized on different methods that are compared to identify fast and accurate procedure for producing up-to-date and reliable maps. Landsat 8 OLI multispectral images of northern Sicily (Italy) are submitted to various classification algorithms to distinguish water, bare soil and vegetation. The resulting map is useful for many purposes: appropriately inserted in a larger database aimed at representing the situation in a space-time evolutionary scenario, it is suitable whenever you want to capture the variation induced in a scene, e.g. burnt areas identification, vegetated areas definition for tourist-recreational purposes, etc. Particularly, pixel-based classification approaches are preferred, and experiments are carried out using unsupervised (k-means), vegetation index (NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), supervised (minimum distance, maximum likelihood) methods. Using test sites, confusion matrix is built for each method, and quality indices are calculated to compare the results. Experiments demonstrate that NDVI submitted to k-means algorithm allows the best performance for distinguishing not only vegetation areas but also water bodies and bare soils. The resulting thematic map is converted for web publishing.
IOT-5G USER TRACKING IN A 5G NETWORK USING 60 GHZ MM-WAVES BASED ON AN ABF-ED ALGORITHMS FOR A CLUTTERED INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Adardour H. E. , Kameche S. , Irid S. M. H. , Benmostefa O. , Benamar A. A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a user tracking algorithm in an IoT-5G Network (or IoT-5GN). Hereby, we aim at studying and evaluating the sensing performances of the IoT-5G Access Point (or IoT-5G AP) primary signal by the IoT-5G user in a cluttered indoor environment using an energy detector (or ED) algorithm and an Alpha-&-Beta Filter (ABF or α-β-F) estimator. The 5G primary signal (or 5G-PS) frequency that we would like to detect is: 60 GHz. As a result, the 5G-PS sensing via the proposed ABF-ED algorithm, enabled us to track the IoT-5G user inside of the IoT-5G AP coverage area. The performances of the proposed ABF-ED algorithm in this paper work is evaluated by the probability of total detection error (or PTDE) measure. Through different scenarios simulations, the performances and robustness of the proffered algorithm are demonstrated.
A data-driven prediction model for Fennoscandian wildfires
Authors: Bakke Sigrid Jørgensen , Wanders Niko , van der Wiel Karin , Tallaksen Lena Merete
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Wildfires are recurrent natural hazards that affect terrestrial ecosystems, the carbon cycle, climate and society. They are typically hard to predict, as their exact location and occurrence are driven by a variety of factors. Identifying a selection of dominant controls can ultimately improve predictions and projections of wildfires in both the current and a future climate. In this study, we applied a data-driven machine learning approach to identify dominant hydrometeorological factors determining fire occurrence over Fennoscandia, and produced spatiotemporally resolved fire danger probability maps. A random forest learner was applied to predict fire danger probabilities over space and time, using a monthly 2001–2019 satellite-based fire occurrence dataset at a 0.25° spatial grid as the target variable. The final data-driven model slightly outperformed the established Canadian fire weather index (FWI) used for comparison. Half of the 30 potential predictors included in the study were automatically selected for the model. Shallow volumetric soil water anomaly stood out as the dominant predictor, followed by predictors related to temperature and deep volumetric soil water. Using a local fire occurrence record for Norway as target data in a separate analysis, the test set performance increased considerably. This improvement shows the potential of developing reliable data-driven prediction models for regions with a high quality fire occurrence record, and the limitation of using satellite-based fire occurrence data in regions subject to small fires not picked up by satellites. We conclude that data-driven fire prediction models are promising, both as a tool to identify the dominant predictors and for fire danger probability mapping. The derived relationships between wildfires and its compound predictors can further be used to assess potential changes in fire danger probability under future climate scenarios.
Inferring the instability of a dynamical system from the skill of data assimilation exercises
Authors: Chen Yumeng , Carrassi Alberto , Lucarini Valerio
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Data assimilation (DA) aims at optimally merging observational data and model
outputs to create a coherent statistical and dynamical picture of the system
under investigation. Indeed, DA aims at minimizing the effect of observational
and model error and at distilling the correct ingredients of its dynamics. DA
is of critical importance for the analysis of systems featuring sensitive
dependence on the initial conditions, as chaos wins over any finitely accurate
knowledge of the state of the system, even in absence of model error. Clearly,
the skill of DA is guided by the properties of dynamical system under
investigation, as merging optimally observational data and model outputs is
harder when strong instabilities are present. In this paper we reverse the
usual angle on the problem and show that it is indeed possible to use the
skill of DA to infer some basic properties of the tangent space of the system,
which may be hard to compute in very high-dimensional systems. Here, we focus
our attention on the first Lyapunov exponent and the Kolmogorov–Sinai
entropy and perform numerical experiments on the Vissio–Lucarini 2020 model,
a recently proposed generalization of the Lorenz 1996 model that is able to
describe in a simple yet meaningful way the interplay between dynamical and
thermodynamical variables.
The Mid Atlantic Appalachian Orogen Traverse: a comparison of virtual and on-location field-based capstone experiences
Authors: Whitmeyer Steven , Fichter Lynn , Marshall Anita , Liddle Hannah
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The Stratigraphy, Structure, Tectonics (SST) course at James Madison
University incorporates a capstone project that traverses the Mid Atlantic
region of the Appalachian Orogen and includes several all-day field trips.
In the Fall 2020 semester, the SST field trips transitioned to a virtual
format, due to restrictions from the COVID pandemic. The virtual field trip
projects were developed in web-based Google Earth and incorporated other
supplemental PowerPoint and PDF files. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the virtual field experiences in comparison with traditional on-location field trips, an online survey was sent to SST
students that took the course virtually in Fall 2020 and to students that
took the course in person in previous years. Instructors and students alike
recognized that some aspects of on-location field learning, especially those with a tactile component, were not possible or effective in virtual field experiences. However, students recognized the value of virtual field experiences for reviewing and revisiting outcrops as well as noting the
improved access to virtual outcrops for students with disabilities and the
generally more inclusive experience of virtual field trips. Students
highlighted the potential benefits for hybrid field experiences that
incorporate both on-location outcrop investigations and virtual field trips, which is the preferred model for SST field experiences in Fall 2021 and into the future.
Süt Keçisi Islahı Damızlık Değer Tahmininde Ekonomik Ağırlıklar
Authors: ŞEN Ercan , SAVAŞ Türker
Published: December 2021

Hayvan ıslahında ekonomik öneme sahip özellikler bakımından hayvanların genetik değerlerinin isabetli bir şekilde tahmin edilmesi önemlidir. Bu derlemede kümülatif damızlık değerin hesaplanmasında kullanılan ekonomik katsayıların kuramsal altyapısı verilmiş; söz konusu katsayıların oluşturulmasında kullanılan yöntem süt keçiciliği özelinde örneklendirilmiştir. Seleksiyon indeksi kuramına göre tüm özellikler seleksiyona konu olacak kümülatif damızlık değerinin tahmininde “ekonomik ağırlıkları” oranında dikkate alınırlar. Seleksiyon indeksini oluşturan fenotiplerin her biri için ekonomik katsayıya ihtiyaç vardır. Ekonomik katsayıların bulunabilmesi için ekonomik değerlerin hesaplanması gerekir. Ekonomik değer (ED), diğer özellikler sabit kalmak koşulu ile seleksiyona konu bir özellikteki hayvan başına bir birim artışın ekonomik getirisini ifade etmektedir. Ekonomik değerlerin hesaplanabilmesi için gerekli olan biyolojik parametrelerin belirlenmesinde ıslah programının uygulanacağı üretim sistemine özgü “ortalamalar”, ekonomik değerlerin tahmininin isabeti açısından oldukça önemlidir. Islah çalışmalarının sonuçlarının gelecekte görüleceği göz önünde bulundurularak uygun istatistiksel yöntemlerle ekonomik parametrelerin gelecekteki durumları tahmin edilerek özelliklere ilişkin ekonomik değerlerin belirlenmesinde bu öngörülerden yararlanmak daha doğru olacaktır. Süt keçisi üretim sistemleri için ekonomik değerleri konu edinen az sayıda literatür bulunmaktadır. Konuya ilişkin çalışmaların artması ıslah programlarının daha etkili planlanmasını sağlayacaktır.
¿Revolución o golpe de Estado? El relato sobre el cambio sociopolítico egipcio en la prensa española (2011-2013)
Authors: Corral Alfonso , García-Ortega Carmela , Fernández Romero Cayetano
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación estudia y compara la cobertura de la prensa española en torno a los eventos determinantes de la primavera egipcia para conocer si se entendió como una revolución o como una sucesión de golpes de Estado. En concreto, por medio de un análisis de contenido cualitativo, se examinan los 128 editoriales que ABC, El Mundo, El País y La Vanguardia ofrecieron entre 2011 y 2013. Los principales hallazgos manifiestan que no existe un discurso mediático uniforme, aunque aparezcan acuerdos concretos como culpabilizar al islamismo por el naufragio sociopolítico o no condenar abiertamente el golpe de Estado de julio de 2013. Con matices, la lectura final que prevalece es que la revolución de 2011 culminó con un golpe de Estado social para salvaguardar la democracia.
Informaciones, crónicas y relaciones del siglo XVI como antecedentes de las fake news. El caso de la "invención" de San Segundo
Authors: Fernández Fernández Maximiliano
Published: December 2021

Informaciones, relaciones y crónicas del siglo XVI son formas protoperiodísticas que entran de lleno en la Historia de la Comunicación, pero cuando construyen o recrean ficciones pueden considerarse antecedentes de las fake news. En este texto se analizan varios relatos sobre el descubrimiento en 1519 y translación en 1594, de los restos atribuidos a San Segundo, considerado primer obispo de Ávila; en concreto un documento de 1574 titulado “Informaciones”, de Melchor Nieto, y una crónica sobre el traslado, incluida en un libro de 1595, publicado por Antonio Cianca. La aproximación sociológica permite observar repercusiones de los hechos de tipo social, cultural, religioso y festivo que ratifican la relevancia del descubrimiento de los restos.
TSF radio live - the journalistic coverage of the Chiado fire in Lisbon (1988)
Authors: Bonixe Luís
Published: December 2021

On 25 August 1988, a fire broke out in the Chiado area of Lisbon. It is considered one of the biggest fires in an urban area in Portugal, having destroyed a vast built historical heritage and caused several victims. The Portuguese news radio, TSF, was the first media outlet to report the news by starting a long special live emission putting into practice an innovative model of radio journalism for that time in Portugal which was based on the priority given to live informative reporting. The experience of this long live report was replicated in the following years by TSF in the coverage of other events. In this article, we analyse TSF's live coverage of the fire and reflect on the role of this experience in the journalistic model implemented by the radio in the following years.
Áreas marinas protegidas en Argentina. Evolución jurídica y contexto internacional.
Authors: Damián Ferro Mariano , Odriozola Facundo , Torres Cintia
Published: December 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la legislación sobre las áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) en Argentina, en el nivel nacional y en el provincial, en el contexto internacional. Metodológicamente se ha recurrido al análisis de contenido de las normas y documentos internacionales, nacionales y provinciales, y la consulta a testigos clave. El análisis de la legislación permitió identificar la congruencia con las tendencias internacionales de ampliación de superficie marina protegida y la mayor concentración de AMP en el mar territorial. Se identificaron proyectos en curso que permitirían cumplir con las metas fijadas por el Convenio para la Biodiversidad. Sin embargo, a pesar de estos avances queda pendiente la creación de planes de manejo para muchas AMP; evaluar la eficacia de su gestión y la sanción de normativa sobre la protección de servicios ecosistémicos.
El refugiado climático
Authors: García Reyes Ruth
Published: December 2021

Con el paso de los años, la cifra de los conocidos como “refugiados climáticos” no ha hecho más que aumentar de una forma descontrolada, y los científicos avisan de que esta seguirá haciéndolo hasta llegar a cifras tan alarmantes como unos 200 Millones para el año 2050. Pese a que ya han pasado varios años desde la primera vez que se oyó hablar de ellos, y que en la actualidad es un problema que no se puede negar, hoy en día siguen sin tener ningún marco jurídico que los proteja y reconozca. No obstante, ciertos países están empezando a hacer historia con algunas leyes individuales, y/o sentencias que pueden marcar un antes y después. Este trabajo se centra en analizar el porqué de ese vacío legal, así como en cuáles son las causas que provocan que estas personas tengan que desplazarse de sus hogares, y en todas las consecuencias que esto conlleva, como pueden ser la comisión de delitos o el acabar en manos de bandas terroristas. Revisaremos cuáles son los países más afectados, y cuáles son los que más contribuyen de una forma directa o indirecta a estos desplazamientos, así como las cifras a lo largo del tiempo, y analizaremos los avances concretos de algunos países relacionados con este tema que nos atañe.
Impacto ambiental del puerto de Granadilla: de incumplir las Directivas UE a imperioso interés público.
Authors: Llanos Castro Ángel
Published: December 2021

El puerto de Granadilla de Abona en Tenerife (el primero de nueva planta construido en España desde 2012), es el más vigilado de la red portuaria española tras ser una de las obras que más protestas medioambientales ha recibido en la historia de la Unión Europea. Su inauguración en 2018, con catorce años de retraso y tras trescientos millones de euros de inversión pública, conllevó una reducción de dos tercios sobre sus dimensiones iniciales y la puesta en marcha de novedosas medidas para compensar el impacto ambiental previsto, incluida la creación de un observatorio científico permanente. El análisis realizado en este artículo de la afección que el puerto y las obras ha generado sobre el entorno natural de la zona, indica que no fueron correctas las previsiones del impacto ambiental previsto sobre los tres elementos que mayor alarma social generaron durante su planificación, con un error superior al 90% en el cálculo de la acumulación de arena que produciría su instalación, así como manteniéndose las praderas submarinas que se creía que desaparecerían y sin producirse tampoco el basculamiento anunciado en las playas de la zona.
A pandemia da COVID-19 e o seu impacto na indústria do livro no Brasil
Authors: Endo Whaner
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender o impacto que a pandemia trouxe para o mercado editorial no Brasil. Por meio de uma metodologia qualitativa, foram levantados dados secundários sobre a produção e as vendas de livros no período; mudanças nas estratégias na gestão das editoras, em especial, as independentes; o crescimento das publicações no formato digital e as alterações nas relações entre livros e leitores. Foram identificados desafios e oportunidades que o ano de 2020 ofereceu aos principais personagens da cadeia de produção editorial, passando pelas editoras, mercado de distribuição, influenciadores e leitores.
PEMBUATAN JIG PROSES PRE DRILL MODEL B74 GUNA MENURUNKAN REJECT CONCENTRIC PADA LINI PRODUKSI PENGECORAN OUTER TUBE DI PT KAYABA INDONESIA
Authors: Syaifullah Herry
Published: December 2021

Salah satu produk PT Kayaba Indonesia adalah front fork assy yang mana didalamnya terdapat part yaitu outer tube. Proses awal pembuatan outer tube adalah proses pengecoran. Ada 2 macam mesin pengecoran gravitasi yang digunakan oleh PT Kayaba Indonesia yaitu mesin pengecoran gravitasi existing tipe core dan mesin pengecoran gravitasi tilting tipe solid. Model B74 salah satu produk yang menggunakan mesin pengecoran gravitasi tilting sehingga model B74 termasuk ke dalam tipe solid. Sebelum masuk ke proses machining, outer tube model B74 harus melewati proses Pre drill untuk membuat diameter dalam agar memudahkan proses selanjutnya pada lini pemesinan. Saat ini proses Pre drill model B74 memiliki masalah reject concentric yang cukup tinggi, yaitu 7%. Proses penurunkan reject concentric proses Pre-drill model B74 telah dilakukan Penulis bersama tim mekanik proses pengecoran meliputi upaya memindahkan proses Pre-drill model B74 ke mesin macod dan pembuatan jig untuk mendukung proses tersebut. Perbaikan yang dilakukan berhasil menurunkan reject yang terjadi, dari 7% dari 8.812 set menjadi 1,4% dari 3.360 set. Selain itu perbaikan ini juga menaikan kuantitas produksi sehingga yang awalnya membutuhkan 2 shift untuk mencapai target menjadi cukup hanya 1 shift dengan hari kerja normal.
Reciprocity between financials and Social Performance in Microfinance Institutions: Transparency and Ownership Structure used as Moderating Variables
Authors: Saifullah Shakir  , Ghulam Abbas  , Rashid Hayat  , Mohsin Ali  , Muhammad Kamran
Published: December 2021

The objective is to check performance of microfinance loan in context of social performance and its various dimensions i.e health, education, clean water and women empowerment. Likewise study also test moderating effect of loan transparency and ownership structure between micro-finance loan and social performance. The survey-based approach was used with a sample size of 350. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires from the client of a microfinance institution in a different region of Sindh. In response 273 completed questionnaires were received from respondent and response rate was 78%. Among those 273 questionnaires, 19 were unengaged responses so were considered unsuitable for analysis and reaming 254 questionnaire were used for data analysis. The Smart PLS Technique was used for data estimation in this study. Findings of the existing study portrays significant impact of microfinance loan on social performance as well as on its various dimensions i.e Health, Education, Clean Water and women empowerment. The moderating impact of transparency is positively significant in social performance, and the moderating impact of ownership structure in social performance is showing negative significant impact. The result of this study can lead to significant contributions and provide a better understanding and influence of transparency and ownership structure on the social performance of microfinance loans as well as dimensions of social performance. Financial sources of micro finance loan would be beneficial for poor people, micro enterprise and epically for empowerment of women in emerging economy. Micro finance institutions should control in interest rate and create an awareness regarding utilization of loan and timely repayment among their customers.
Formulation and Evaluation of Throat Paint of Erythromycin Estolate
Authors: Kumar Singh Rahul , Wadhwa Rohit , Garg Rajat
Published: December 2021

The research work was aimed at developing and optimizing erythromycin estolate throat paint solution for improved bioavailability in the oral delivery of based throat paint is prepared by unique method. Potassium iodide, glycerol has been selected based on mouth paint, mucoadhesive strength, and the drug the medication with the goal of treating wooping cough. Erythromycin estolateis released in vitro. A 32factorial prototype was used to preparation the throat paint at concentration of potassium iodide and glycerol was used as an independent variable released in vitro and permeated by percentage.For throat paint, the percentage of mucoadhesion, product consistency,releaseof drugs in vitro, and percentage of rest from permeation were calculated. With mucoadhesive strength, percentage permeation and in-vitro drug releaseperformance, formula f9 has been optimized. Studies of FTIR and have characterised throat paint. Study of stability revealed stable formulation was found.
Screening for Anti-Diabetic Peptides from Moringa oleifera leaves
Authors: R Thiruchelvi. , S Priyadharshini. , K. Rajakumari
Published: December 2021

Moringa oleifera commonly called as Drumstick tree is a multipurpose tree and it is widely present in the places like India, Asia, Africa, etc. Its leaves are emetic and their juices are used for medicinal purposes. Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome with insufficient insulin secretion and abnormal glucose tolerance. It is a group of diseases which results in too much sugar in the blood. Leaves from Moringa oleifera were collected, analysed for their anti- diabetic activity. First the proteins are extracted using protein extraction methods, estimated using Lowry’s method, and then anti- diabetic activity was checked using Glucose uptake assay by yeast cells, where the plant extract (small proteins) was able to uptake glucose. SDS-PAGE was carried out to check the protein’s size and molecular weight. The characterization of Moringa oleifera conducted in this study shows that the small peptides from the leaves of this plant can contribute significantly in the daily recommended intake of it, since it serves as a rich source of all minerals, vitamins etc. This study has confirmed that the small peptides from the leaves of M.oleifera can fight against diabetics and the result indicated that Murungai (Moringa) leaves are suitable source of green leaf to reduce the diabetic complications in diabetic patients.
In vitro and in silico Anti-dengue activity of Supercritical extract of medicinal plants against Dengue serotype-2
Authors: Kaushik Sulochana , Dar Lalit , Kaushik Samander , Kumar Ramesh , Kumar Devender , Parkash Yadav Jaya
Published: December 2021

Dengue is transmitted by female Aedes mosquitoes. It has been reported that about 2.5 billion peoples are at the risk of dengue virus. Millions of cases of dengue virus occur worldwide each year. There is no antiviral drug available still. Hence, the researchers are in the search of new anti-dengue drugs from natural products. The present study is aimed to determine the anti-dengue activity of supercritical extracts of Andrographis paniculata, Berberis vulgaris, Carica papaya, Euphorbia hirta, Phyllanthus niruri and Tinospora cordifolia in vitro and in silico. The cell viability was evaluated in C6/36 cells line by using MTT assay using a microplate reader at 595 nm. The maximum non-toxic dose of C. papaya and B. vulgaris extracts were reported as 46.87µg/ml, 31.25µg/ml for A. paniculata, P. niruri and E. hirta and 23.43 µg/ml, for T. cordifolia. Further, the anti-dengue activity of plants extract was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. 100 copies/ml of DENV-2 virus was used for the antiviral assay. A. paniculata supercritical extract showed complete inhibition against the dengue-2 virus at 40ºC temperature and 15Mpa pressure. The other plant extracts showed the inhibition in order of T. cordifolia (83.44%) > C. papaya (34.71%) > E. hirta (28.70%) whereas P. niruri and B. vulgaris failed to inhibit dengue virus. Andrographolide a major compound present in A. paniculata has been reported to have antiviral activity against hepatitis B, C virus, herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, chikungunya virus, dengue virus 2 and 4. Results of molecular docking showed that the interaction between andrographolide and NS1protein shows the maximum binding energy -7.30 Kcal/mol. The docking study was conducted to validate the result against the anti-dengue activity using dengue NS1 protein with andrographolide. It was concluded that A. paniculata could be a source for isolation of therapeutic compounds against the dengue-2 virus.
3D Atom based QSAR model of DprE1 inhibitors as Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Poojita K , Fathima Fajeelath , Ray Rajdeep , Kumar Lalit , Verma Ruchi
Published: December 2021

Tuberculosis disease is world’s biggest threat to health with a high mortality rate. There has been a steady surge in the frequency of MDR-TB and XDR-TB. Hence, it is imperative to encourage the research and development of novel drugs to counteract the infection. Decaprenylphosphoryl-ß-D-ribose-2'α-epimerase 1 (DprE1) is a valuable enzyme which is responsible for the stability and virulence of the infection causing bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) thereby making it a perfect target for drugs anti TB activity. This study represent atom based 3D QSAR model consisting the derivatives of DprE1 inhibitors and provides guidance and insight to develop and identify new novel molecule which have good therapeutic efficiency as Anti TB drugs.
Case Report on Mild Anemia and Gastritis due to Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine (ZLN) Regimen
Authors: M Deepalakshmi , Samraj P Ajay , C Diya , Venkatesh Jonna , R S Kamalrathinam , K P Arun
Published: December 2021

AIDS is a deadly syndrome in which Highly Active Anti-retroviral therapy is used to reduce the viral load. However these anti-retroviral drugs are supposed to cause several adverse drug reaction. There are several studies that report anemia with Zidovudine and gastrointestinal symptoms with Lamivudine. In this report, We present a case of a 38 year old female patient suffering from HIV infection who is suspected to drug induced anemia and gastritis due to Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine combination (ZLN) regimen. The relationship between the administered drug regimen and the suspected ADR’s was found using causality assessment. Severity, predictability and probability was also found for the suspected ADR’s. We need to monitor the HIV patients who are under ZLN regimen for their blood haemoglobin and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Effect of Methanol Extract, Methanol Fraction, and N-Hexane Fraction of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla speciosa) on Seminal Parameters and Testicular Weight of Male Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Wijayanti Rina , Wahyuono Subagus , Puspitasari Ika , M. Rizal Dicky
Published: December 2021

Infertility occurs in 2 million couples or 17% of couples who are married more than 2 years but are not pregnant or have signs of pregnancy. In couples who do not have children, 50% of male infertility factors are caused by abnormalities in semen. Empirically, parijoto fruits (Medinilla speciosa Blume) are used by the people of Kudus, Central Java, Indonesia to increase fertility. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of methanol extract, methanol fraction, and n-hexane fraction of parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa) on seminal parameters and testicular weight of male Sprague Dawley rats. This research used 36 two-month-old Sprague Dawley rats with 200-300 gram of body weight which were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 (normal); groups 2, 3, and 4, used parijoto fruit methanol extract at 100mg/kgBW, 250mg/kgBW, and 500mg/kgBW doses respectively; groups 5 and 6 used methanol fraction and n-hexane fraction of parijoto fruit at 500 mg/kgBW dose respectively for 14 days. Rats were dissected and had examinations on sperm motility, morphology, abd testicular weight. The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney. The results found that groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 had mean spermatozoa motility (%) that were 56.5±2.43, 72.5±6.89, 77.6±12.99, 83.3±7.53, 84.7±3.98, and 74.2±11.58, mean spermatozoa morphology (%) that were 95.5±3.67, 95±2.76, 92.6±5.13, 96.5±3.27, 94.3±4.37, and 93.2±6.11, and mean testicular weight (gram) that were 1.08±0.10, 0.90±0.14, 0.98±0.10, 1.18±0.21, 1.28±0.43, and 1.02±0.13. There were significant differences between the normal group and all treatments (P <0.05) on spermatozoa motility. There was no significant difference on spermatozoa morphology and testicular weight. Based on the results, it can be concluded that methanol extract, methanol fraction, and n-hexane fraction of parijoto fruit can increase spermatozoa motility of male Sprague Dawley rats.
Method Development and Validation of Spectrophotometric Methods for The Estimation of Rizatriptan Benzoate in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Latha E. Pushpa , B. Sailaja
Published: December 2021

Analytical UV derivative spectrophotometric method was developed and validated to quantify Rizatriptan Benzoate in pure drug and tablet dosage form. Based on the spectrophotometric characteristics of Rizatriptan Benzoate, a signal of zero (225nm), first (216nm), second (237nm), third (233nm), fourth (231nm) order derivative spectra were found to be adequate for quantification. The methods obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of (0.1-360µg/ml) with square correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.999. The mean percentage recovery was found to be 100.01 ± 0.075. As per ICH guidelines the results of the analysis were validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantification, and were found to be satisfactory.
Therapeutic effects of Probiotic Ointment for Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kasatkin Mikhail , Smirnova Lyudmila , Babaskin Dmitrii
Published: December 2021

The human microbiome is an integral part of the body, playing a crucial role in metabolism, energy homeostasis, the regulation of the immune system, and others. The study aims to examine the effect of probiotic ointment on the qualitative composition of the lesional skin microbiome in patients with atopic dermatitis. The study population consisted of 110 patients aged 20 to 45 years with mild atopic dermatitis (AD). The patients were divided into two groups. One group received four different medications: levocetirizine dihydrochloride, enterosgel, topical Tizol gel, and topical 1% hydrocortisone ointment. The other group received a similar treatment with four different medications: levocetirizine dihydrochloride, enterosgel, topical Tizol gel, and topical probiotic ointment. The treatment period was one month. After treatment, the frequency and intensity of the main AD symptoms significantly decreased. A load of S. aureus fell in the probiotic-treated group from 73.4% to 29.1% (p<.05). In the standard-treated group, the S. aureus load decreased from 78.2% to 43.6% (p<.05). The study found that the standard treatment without probiotics helped to decrease S. aureus colonisation in AD patients by 2.00 times (p<.05), whereas using the probiotic ointment reduced S. aureus colonisation by 3 times (p<.05).