bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myeloid Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Mediates Macrophage Polarization and Promotes Vascular Injury in DOCA/Salt Hypertensive Mice
Authors: Yang Xue-Feng , Wang Huan , Huang Yue , Huang Jian-Hua , Ren Hao-Lin , Xu Qian , Su Xiao-Min , Wang Ai-Mei , Ren Fu , Zhou Ming-Sheng
Published: June 2022

Activation of the renin–angiotensin system has been implicated in hypertension. Angiotensin (Ang) II is a potent proinflammatory mediator. The present study investigated the role of myeloid angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in control of macrophage phenotype in vitro and vascular injury in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt hypertension. In human THP-1/macrophages, Ang II increased mRNA expressions of M1 cytokines and decreased M2 cytokine expressions. Overexpression of AT1R further increased Ang II-induced expressions of M1 cytokines and decreased M2 cytokines. Silenced AT1R reversed Ang II-induced changes in M1 and M2 cytokines. Ang II upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α, toll-like receptor (TLR)4, and the ratio of pIκB/IκB, which were prevented by silenced AT1R. Silenced HIF1α prevented Ang II activation of the TLR4/NFκB pathway. Furthermore, Ang II increased HIF1α via reactive oxygen species-dependent reduction in prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) expression. The expressions of AT1R and HIF1α and the ratio of pIκB/IκB were upregulated in the peritoneal macrophages of DOCA hypertensive mice, and the specific deletion of myeloid AT1R attenuated cardiac and vascular injury and vascular oxidative stress, reduced the recruitment of macrophages and M1 cytokine expressions, and improved endothelial function without significant reduction in blood pressure. Our results demonstrate that Ang II/AT1R controls the macrophage phenotype via stimulating the HIF1α/NFκB pathway, and specific myeloid AT1R KO improves endothelial function, vascular inflammation, and injury in salt-sensitive hypertension. The results support the notion that myeloid AT1R plays an important role in the regulation of the macrophage phenotype, and dysfunction of this receptor may promote vascular dysfunction and injury in salt-sensitive hypertension.
A Novel Exosome-Relevant Molecular Classification Uncovers Distinct Immune Escape Mechanisms and Genomic Alterations in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lin Yubiao , Huang Kaida , Cai Zhezhen , Chen Yide , Feng Lihua , Gao Yingqin , Zheng Wenhui , Fan Xin , Qiu Guoqin , Zhuang Jianmin , Feng Shuitu
Published: June 2022

Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous malignant carcinoma. This study aimed to conduct an exosome-based classification for assisting personalized therapy for GC.

Methods: Based on the expression profiling of prognostic exosome-related genes, GC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were classified using the unsupervised consensus clustering approach, and the reproducibility of this classification was confirmed in the GSE84437 cohort. An exosome-based gene signature was developed via Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Immunological features, responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors, and genetic alterations were evaluated via computational methods.

Results: Two exosome-relevant phenotypes (A and B) were clustered, and this classification was independent of immune subtypes and TCGA subtypes. Exosome-relevant phenotype B had a poorer prognosis and an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) relative to phenotype A. Patients with phenotype B presented higher responses to the anti-CTLA4 inhibitor. Moreover, phenotype B occurred at a higher frequency of genetic mutation than phenotype A. The exosome-based gene signature (GPX3, RGS2, MATN3, SLC7A2, and SNCG) could independently and accurately predict GC prognosis, which was linked to stromal activation and immunosuppression.

Conclusion: Our findings offer a conceptual frame to further comprehend the roles of exosomes in immune escape mechanisms and genomic alterations of GC. More work is required to evaluate the reference value of exosome-relevant phenotypes for designing immunotherapeutic regimens.
A Novel Chinese Herbal and Corresponding Chemical Formula for Cancer Treatment by Targeting Tumor Maintenance, Progression, and Metastasis
Authors: Song Ying-Chyi , Lee Der-Yen , Yeh Pei-Yen
Published: June 2022

We characterized a so-called “heirloom recipe” Chinese herbal formula (temporarily named Formula X) that contains five Chinese medical botanical drugs, Huang-Lian (Coptis chinensis Franch. [Ranunculaceae]), Huang-Qin (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi [Lamiaceae]), Bai-Wei (Vincetoxicum atratum (Bunge) C. Morren and Decne. [Apocynaceae]), E-Zhu (Curcuma aromatica Salisb. [Zingiberaceae]) and Bai-Zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. [Asteraceae]). Formula X inhibited the growth of various cancer cells and decreased the expression levels of a panel of proteins, including CD133, Myc, PD-L1, and Slug, in cancer cells. We further found that the inhibition of growth and protein expression were exerted by Huang-Lian, Huang-Qin, and Bai-Wei (formula HHB), which exhibited the same biological effects as those of Formula X. Furthermore, we selected three active chemicals, berberine, baicalin, and saponin from Huang-Lian, Huang-Qin, and Bai-Wei, respectively, to produce a chemical formulation (formula BBS), which exhibited similar effects on cell growth and protein expression as those induced by formula HHB. Both the formulae HHB and BBS suppressed tumor growth in an animal study. Moreover, they decreased the protein levels of Myc and PD-L1 in tumor cells in vivo. In summary, we established a novel Chinese herbal formula and a chemical formula that targeted three important processes, tumor maintenance (tumor stem cells), progression, and metastasis, and that influenced the response of tumors to host immunosuppression, for the potentially effective treatment of cancer patients.
Mechanisms and Drug Therapies of Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Calcification
Authors: Wen Shuyu , Zhou Ying , Yim Wai Yen , Wang Shijie , Xu Li , Shi Jiawei , Qiao Weihua , Dong Nianguo
Published: June 2022

Valve replacement is the main therapy for valvular heart disease, in which a diseased valve is replaced by mechanical heart valve (MHV) or bioprosthetic heart valve (BHV). Since the 2000s, BHV surpassed MHV as the leading option of prosthetic valve substitute because of its excellent hemocompatible and hemodynamic properties. However, BHV is apt to structural valve degeneration (SVD), resulting in limited durability. Calcification is the most frequent presentation and the core pathophysiological process of SVD. Understanding the basic mechanisms of BHV calcification is an essential prerequisite to address the limited-durability issues. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive summary about the mechanisms of BHV calcification on 1) composition and site of calcifications; 2) material-associated mechanisms; 3) host-associated mechanisms, including immune response and foreign body reaction, oxidative stress, metabolic disorder, and thrombosis. Strategies that target these mechanisms may be explored for novel drug therapy to prevent or delay BHV calcification.
Can the 20 and 60 s All-Out Test Predict the 2000 m Indoor Rowing Performance in Athletes?
Authors: Cerasola Dario , Zangla Daniele , Grima Joseph N. , Bellafiore Marianna , Cataldo Angelo , Traina Marcello , Capranica Laura , Maksimovic Nemanja , Drid Patrik , Bianco Antonino
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to look for a new, simple, and fast method of assessing and monitoring indoor race performance and to assess the relationship between 20 s, 60 s, and 2000 m indoor rowing performances of youth rowers to evaluate their anaerobic profile.

Methods: For three consecutive days, 17 young able-bodied male rowers (15.8 ± 2.0 years), performed three tests (20 s, 60 s, and 2000 m) on a rowing ergometer. Mean power (W20, W60, and W2000) and 2000 m time (t2000) were considered for the analysis. In addition, 14 athletes (15–18 years) performed a 20 s, 60 s, and 2000 m tests and used this as a control group. To define the anaerobic profile of the athletes, W20 and W60 were normalized as percentages of W2000. Associations between variables were determined by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient (r).

Results: Mean power decreased with increasing test duration (W20 = 525.1 ± 113.7 W; W60 = 476.1 ± 91.0 W; W2000=312.9 ± 56.0 W) and negative correlations emerged between t2000 (418.5 ± 23.1 s) and W20 (r = −0.952, p < 0.0001) and W60 (r = −0.930, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: These findings indicate that W20 and W60 are significant predictors of 2000 m rowing ergometer performances. Furthermore, normalized W20 and W60 can be used to evaluate athletes and as a reference for planning anaerobic training sessions, on a rowing ergometer.
SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein is Associated With Lower Testosterone Levels: An Experimental Study
Authors: Lucio Carrasco Caio Henrique , Noda Paloma , Barbosa Ana Paula , Vieira Borges da Silva Everidiene Kinverlly , Gasque Bomfim Camila , Ventura Fernandes Bianca Helena , Teixeira Thiago Afonso , Nunes Duarte Neto Amaro , Nascimento Saldiva Paulo Hilario , Achoa Filho Kamal , Rodrigues Guzzo Cristiane , Durigon Edison Luiz , Affonso Fonseca Fernando Luiz , Corazzini Roseli , Fanelli Camilla , Noronha Irene Lourdes , Hallak Jorge
Published: June 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic represents an extra burden in the majority of public and private health systems worldwide beyond the most pessimistic expectations, driving an urgent rush to develop effective vaccines and effective medical treatments against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The Nucleocapsid structural viral protein is remarkably immunogenic and hugely expressed during infection. High IgG antibodies against Nucleocapsid protein (N protein) levels were detected in the serum of COVID-19 patients, confirming its pivotal antigen role for a T lymphocyte response in a vaccine microenvironment. Currently, adverse events associated with immunizations have raised some degree of concern, irrespective of its huge benefits in dealing with disease severity and decreasing mortality and morbidity. This hitherto study evaluates histological changes in rats’ testes, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles and analyzes hormone levels after solely N protein inoculation. Therefore, we exposed a group of Lewis rats to weekly injections of the recombinant N protein for 28 days, while a control group was inoculated with a buffer solution. The N group revealed a more significant number of spermatozoa. Spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules were counted in twenty 400 × microscopy fields (mean of 9.2 vs. 4.6 in the control group; p < 0,01), but significantly lower testosterone levels (mean of 125.70 ng/dl vs. 309,00 ng/dl in the control group; p < 0,05) were found. No other histological and biochemical changes were displayed. Conclusively, these data suggest testicular hormonal imbalance mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 N protein that could be linked to reported post-COVID-19 syndrome hypogonadism. More relevant research might be performed to confirm this viral antigen’s deleterious mechanism in the human testicular microenvironment, particular in Leydig cell function.
Pupal Diapause Termination and Transcriptional Response of Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Triggered by 20-Hydroxyecdysone
Authors: Du Jie , Zhao Ping , Wang Jiazhen , Ma Sanyuan , Yao Lunguang , Zhu Xuwei , Yang Xinfeng , Zhang Xian , Sun Zhenbo , Liang Shimei , Xing Dongxu , Duan Jianping
Published: June 2022

The pupal diapause of univoltine Antheraea pernyi hampers sericultural and biotechnological applications, which requires a high eclosion incidence after artificial diapause termination to ensure production of enough eggs. The effect of pupal diapause termination using 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on the eclosion incidence has not been well-documented in A. pernyi. Here, the dosage of injected 20E was optimized to efficiently terminate pupal diapause of A. pernyi, showing that inappropriate dosage of 20E can cause pupal lethality and a low eclosion incidence. The optimal ratio of 20E to 1-month-old pupae was determined as 6 μg/g. Morphological changes showed visible tissue dissociation at 3 days post-injection (dpi) and eye pigmentation at 5 dpi. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis identified 1,355/1,592, 494/203, 584/297, and 1,238/1,404 upregulated and downregulated genes at 1, 3, 6, and 9 dpi, respectively. The 117 genes enriched in the information processing pathways of “signal transduction” and “signaling molecules and interaction” were upregulated at 1 and 3 dpi, including the genes involved in FOXO signaling pathway. One chitinase, three trehalase, and five cathepsin genes related to energy metabolism and tissue dissociation showed high expression levels at the early stage, which were different from the upregulated expression of four other chitinase genes at the later stage. Simultaneously, the expression of several genes involved in molting hormone biosynthesis was also activated between 1 and 3 dpi. qRT-PCR further verified the expression patterns of two ecdysone receptor genes (EcRB1 and USP) and four downstream response genes (E93, Br-C, βFTZ-F1, and cathepsin L) at the pupal and pharate stages, respectively. Taken together, these genes serve as a resource for unraveling the mechanism underlying pupal-adult transition; these findings facilitate rearing of larvae more than once a year and biotechnological development through efficient termination of pupal diapause in A. pernyi in approximately half a month.
Biomarker Responses, Gene Expression Alterations, and Histological Changes in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) After In Vivo Exposure to Polychlorinated Diphenyl Ethers
Authors: Ye Chunmeng , Xiong Wenli , Shi Shuaishuai , Shi Jiaqi , Yang Wenhui , Zhang Xuesheng
Published: June 2022

Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) have been detected in various aquatic matrices, which pose potential threats to aquatic ecosystem security. In this work, both micro and macro analysis methods were used to assess the toxicity of PCDEs to zebrafish. Results indicated that after in vivo PCDE exposure, the oxidative stress and related gene of Danio rerio were significantly changed. The higher concentration or longer exposure time could cause more severe oxidative stress in zebrafish tissues. Compared with among the five tested compounds, more obvious changes in the level of oxidative biomarkers of lower chlorinated PCDEs’ (4-mono-CDE and 4,4′-di-CDE) exposure groups were observed. The integrated biomarker response analysis and gene expression results also indicate a similar trend. Histopathological observation suggested that 4,4′-di-CDE could render liver nuclei enlargement and necrosis, hepatocyte vacuolation, and the development inhibition of ovarian cells. Transmission electron microscope photos showed that 4,4′-di-CDE caused organelle damage in the liver and ovary, including the rupture of the endoplasmic reticulum, swelling of mitochondria, and condensation of chromatin in the liver and mitochondria disappeared significantly in the ovary. The degree of damage is enhanced with the increasing exposure doses. In addition, PCDEs also significantly altered vitellogenin content and related gene (vtg1) expression, suggesting that PCDEs may be estrogen endocrine disruptors. Overall, these results provided some valuable toxicological data of PCDEs on aquatic species.
Molecular Approaches Reduce Saturates and Eliminate trans Fats in Food Oils
Authors: Wallis James G. , Bengtsson Jesse D. , Browse John
Published: June 2022

Vegetable oils composed of triacylglycerols (TAG) are a major source of calories in human diets. However, the fatty acid compositions of these oils are not ideal for human nutrition and the needs of the food industry. Saturated fatty acids contribute to health problems, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can become rancid upon storage or processing. In this review, we first summarize the pathways of fatty acid metabolism and TAG synthesis and detail the problems with the oil compositions of major crops. Then we describe how transgenic expression of desaturases and downregulation of the plastid FatB thioesterase have provided the means to lower oil saturates. The traditional solution to PUFA rancidity uses industrial chemistry to reduce PUFA content by partial hydrogenation, but this results in the production of trans fats that are even more unhealthy than saturated fats. We detail the discoveries in the biochemistry and molecular genetics of oil synthesis that provided the knowledge and tools to lower oil PUFA content by blocking their synthesis during seed development. Finally, we describe the successes in breeding and biotechnology that are giving us new, high-oleic, low PUFA varieties of soybean, canola and other oilseed crops.
The Politics and Metapolitics of Left-Wing Decline and Revival
Authors: Huijzer M. Jouke
Published: June 2022

Conventional studies on left-wing decline focus primarily on the electoral losses of left-wing parties. This contribution argues that left wing decline should not only be understood in terms of support, but also in terms of ideological positioning. The Left may be in decline because of electoral support or because left-wing parties cease to be Left. More fundamentally the Left may be in decline because left-wing ideologies no longer inform public policy or shape political conflict, which points to a more metapolitical shift in “hegemonic ideology”. Taking this into account has important implications for understanding Left decline (and eventual revival). As will be demonstrated in six different scenarios, the Left may decline because of electoral shifts to the right or because parties reposition themselves to the right. Reviving the Left therefore not only implies that Left-wing parties win back voters, but it can also be achieved on a so-called metapolitical level: by shifting ideological positions or even hegemonic ideology to the Left. It is argued that especially with regard to shifting ideological positions, smaller parties in the political margins play a crucial role. The article concludes by discussing the implications and challenges for different political parties as well as the way in which political scientists can more comprehensively assess Left decline.
Promoting Handwriting Fluency for Preschool and Elementary-Age Students: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Synthesis of Research From 2000 to 2020
Authors: López-Escribano Carmen , Martín-Babarro Javier , Pérez-López Raquel
Published: June 2022

Handwriting is a complex activity that involves continuous interaction between lower-level handwriting and motor skills and higher-order cognitive processes. It is important to allocate mental resources to these high-order processes since these processes place a great demand on cognitive capacity. This is possible when lower-level skills such as transcription are effortlessness and fluent. Given that fluency is a value in virtually all areas of academic learning, schools should provide instructional activities to promote writing fluency from the first stages of learning to write. In an effort to determine if teaching handwriting enhances writing fluency, we conducted a systematic and meta-analytic review of the writing fluency intervention literature. We selected 31 studies: 21 true and quasi-experimental studies, 4 single-group design, 3 single-subject design, and 3 non-experimental studies, conducted with K-6 students in a regular school setting. A total of 2,030 students participated in these studies. When compared to no instruction or non-handwriting instructional conditions, teaching different handwriting intervention programs resulted in statistically significant greater writing fluency (ES = 0.64). Moreover, three specific handwriting interventions yielded statistically significant results in improving writing fluency, when compared to other handwriting interventions or to typical handwriting instruction conditions: handwriting focused on training timed transcription skills (ES = 0.49), multicomponent handwriting treatments (ES = 0.40), and performance feedback (ES = 0.36). There were not enough data to calculate the impact of sensory-motor and self-regulated strategy handwriting interventions on writing fluency. The significance of these findings for implementing and differentiating handwriting fluency instruction and guiding future research will be discussed.
Impact of Contact With Nature on the Wellbeing and Nature Connectedness Indicators After a Desertic Outdoor Experience on Isla Del Tiburon
Authors: Garza-Terán Glenda , Tapia-Fonllem Cesar , Fraijo-Sing Blanca , Borbón-Mendívil Daniela , Poggio Lucía
Published: June 2022

Nature connectedness is determined by the representation individuals have about themselves within nature. This concept is often studied in relation to the direct contact individuals have with natural environment, which according to some studies have demonstrated to generate positive effects by fostering a feeling of connecting and bonding with nature, as well as improving their wellbeing. The main focus of this study was to calculate and assess the relation between Nature Connectedness and wellbeing of participants. The methodological approach of this research reaches quantitative data comparing results obtained from both samples, as well as correlations between the variables. The sample for this study was composed by two groups of university students (M = 25 years old). Both contrast group (n = 32) and experience group (n = 29) filled the questionnaire in two separate moments and in different environments. First data collection moment for both groups was held inside a university classroom. A second moment of data collection was carried out after a month from the first application, having the contrast group answer the questionnaire on a classroom again whilst the experience group responded it during an excursion to Isla Del Tiburon in Northwestern Mexico after performing some recreational activities being totally immersed in a local desertic environment. Questionnaire was composed by a 6 point Likert type scale measuring Nature Connectedness through concepts such as Nature relatedness and Love and care for the natural, as well as Subjective and Psychological Wellbeing of participants. Results show that both wellbeing and Nature Connectedness are positively influenced by performing activities out in the natural environment. This work was also conducted in response to the need to understand the full extent of Contact and Connectedness to nature, carrying out an exploratory study in desertic settings when much of the early work centers around the study of these variables in green nature environments.
The Value-Added Contribution of Exercise Commitment to College Students’ Exercise Behavior: Application of Extended Model of Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Zhang Wen-Juan , Xu Menglin , Feng Yu-Juan , Mao Zhi-Xiong , Yan Zeng-Yin , Fan Teng-Fei
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of the planned behavior theory model (TPB-5) and TPB-6 model of enhanced physical exercise in college students, and to explore the role of exercise commitment in the relationship between exercise intention and behavior, so as to provide theoretical and empirical support for college students to promotion exercise. The study participants were 581 college students (male = 243, female = 338, age = 19.27 ± 0.94) are investigated with Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) Scale, Exercise Commitment Scale, and Physical Activity Rating Scale. Results showed that the explanatory power of the TPB to exercise intention and exercise behavior is 0.70 and 0.52, respectively, and exercise intention was the primary factor to predict exercise behavior of college students. The Model fit of TPB-6 model is acceptable, compared with TPB 5-factor model, the predictive power of TPB-6 (with the mediator: exercise commitment) on behavioral intention increases from 70.0 to 75.0%, and the predictive power towards behavior raises from 52.0 to 59.0%. Exercise commitment has a partial mediating effect between exercise intention and behavior, which accounts for 26.89% of the total effect, but it has no moderating effect. In conclusion, this research demonstrates the TPB-5 model has good applicability among the college students, with exercise commitment variables, exercise intention can better predict college students’ exercise behavior, which can be used as the theoretical basis for the intervention on their exercise behavior.
Does Technostress Increase R&D Employees' Knowledge Hiding in the Digital Era?
Authors: Zhang Zhengang , Ye Baosheng , Qiu Zhijun , Zhang Huilin , Yu Chuanpeng
Published: June 2022

Technostress as an antecedent factor exploring knowledge hiding continues to be seldomly discussed in the digital era. Based on the job demand-resource theory, this article introduces work exhaustion as a mediator variable and constructs a model that the five sub-dimensions of technostress (i.e., overload, invasion, complexity, insecurity, and uncertainty) affect knowledge hiding for R&D employees. Similarly, this study analyzes the moderation of workplace friendship as the resource buffering effect. Based on data from the 254 questionnaires of the two-stage survey, empirical results show that: (1) Techno-invasion, techno-insecurity, and techno-complexity have significant positive effects on work exhaustion, and techno-invasion has the greatest effect. However, techno-overload and techno-uncertainty have no significant relationship with work exhaustion. (2) Work exhaustion plays a mediating role in the relationships between the three aspects of technostress (techno-invasion, techno-insecurity, techno-complexity) and knowledge hiding; However, its mediating effects are insignificant in the relationships between the two aspects of technostress (techno-overload and techno-uncertainty) and knowledge hiding. (3) Workplace friendship negatively moderates the relationships between the two aspects of technostress (techno-invasion and techno-insecurity) and work exhaustion, leading to less knowledge hiding. Nonetheless, its negative moderation for the relationships between the two aspects of technostress (techno-overload and techno-uncertainty) and work exhaustion are insignificant. Empirical results further show that workplace friendship positively moderates the relationship between techno-complexity and work exhaustion.
A PCA-Based Active Appearance Model for Characterising Modes of Spatiotemporal Variation in Dynamic Facial Behaviours
Authors: Watson David M. , Johnston Alan
Published: June 2022

Faces carry key personal information about individuals, including cues to their identity, social traits, and emotional state. Much research to date has employed static images of faces taken under tightly controlled conditions yet faces in the real world are dynamic and experienced under ambient conditions. A common approach to studying key dimensions of facial variation is the use of facial caricatures. However, such techniques have again typically relied on static images, and the few examples of dynamic caricatures have relied on animating graphical head models. Here, we present a principal component analysis (PCA)-based active appearance model for capturing patterns of spatiotemporal variation in videos of natural dynamic facial behaviours. We demonstrate how this technique can be applied to generate dynamic anti-caricatures of biological motion patterns in facial behaviours. This technique could be extended to caricaturing other facial dimensions, or to more general analyses of spatiotemporal variations in dynamic faces.
Unlocking the Effect of Supervisor Incivility on Work Withdrawal Behavior: Conservation of Resource Perspective
Authors: Khalid Sidra , Hashmi Hammad Bin Azam , Abbass Kashif , Ahmad Bilal , Khan Niazi Abdul Aziz , Achim Monica Violeta
Published: June 2022

Workplace incivility has gotten a lot of attention in recent decades. Researchers have looked at many forms of aggressive conduct in the workplace and their negative impacts on individuals and businesses. The goal of this study was to see how incivility among supervisors leads to work withdrawal and when this link might be mitigated. We argued that supervisor incivility indirectly influences work withdrawal behavior through job insecurity, and that emotional intelligence moderates this connection. This study attempted to evaluate the influence of supervisor incivility on the job withdrawal behavior of personnel working in several banks Lahore by drawing on affective events theory and conservation of resource theory. Data were gathered from 350 workers of banks in Lahore, Gujranwala, and Sheikhupura to test our assumptions, and SPSS 24 was used to generate and analyze data with Hayes Process. The findings revealed a strong link between supervisor incivility and job insecurity but no link between supervisor incivility and work withdrawal behavior. The idea of moderation was validated, since emotional intelligence moderates the relationship between job insecurity and job withdrawal behavior. There are also suggestions for more empirical studies and theoretical and practical ramifications.
Do Critical Reviews Affect Box Office Revenues Through Community Engagement and User Reviews?
Authors: Chiu Ya-Ling , Du Jiangze , Sun Yide , Wang Jying-Nan
Published: June 2022

With advances in technology and the popularity of the Internet, consumers increasingly rely on various sources of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), such as online user reviews and critical reviews, in their decision-making processes. Despite general consensus on the importance of eWOM and the ability of critical reviews to influence product sales, very little is known about the mediation between critical reviews and user reviews. Therefore, we used path analysis to examine how critical reviews and user reviews simultaneously affect box office revenues using eWOM data collected from Metacritic.com and IMDb.com, and box office revenue information collected from BoxOfficeMojo.com. The results showed that critical reviews valence not only directly affects box office revenues but also increases active postings in the community and user reviews volume, thus indirectly leading to greater box office revenues. The study provides strategic guidance and practical implications for eWOM communication management.
Linking Decent Work and Well-Being Among Chinese Millennial Employees: A Psychology of Working Perspective
Authors: Wan Wei , Cao Tingting
Published: June 2022

Drawing from the psychology of working theory, this study aims to understand how decent work is related to employee well-being. Specifically, it explored the role of need satisfaction (i.e., survival, social contribution, and self-determination) in the relationship between decent work and employee well-being, and compared the mediating effects of the three types of need satisfaction. After collecting a sample of 421 millennial employees in China through online questionnaires, the study conducted the analysis of the data and found that decent work positively predicted well-being of millennial employees. While social contribution need satisfaction and self-determination need satisfaction partially mediated the effect of decent work on well-being of millennial employees, the mediating effect of survival need satisfaction was not significant. Compared with social contribution need satisfaction, self-determination need satisfaction had a more significant mediating effect on well-being of millennial employees. The study does extend the literature on the antecedents of employee well-being and the results can offer some implications for managers to enhance well-being of millennial employees.
The Multifaceted Nature of Bilingualism and Attention
Authors: Chung-Fat-Yim Ashley , Calvo Noelia , Grundy John G.
Published: June 2022

Attention has recently been proposed as the mechanism underlying the cognitive effects associated with bilingualism. However, similar to bilingualism, the term attention is complex, dynamic, and can vary from one activity to another. Throughout our daily lives, we use different types of attention that differ in complexity: sustained attention, selective attention, alternating attention, divided attention, and disengagement of attention. The present paper is a focused review summarizing the results from studies that explore the link between bilingualism and attention. For each level of attention, a brief overview of relevant theoretical models will be discussed along with a spotlight on paradigms and tasks used to measure these forms of attention. The findings illustrate that different types and levels of attention are modified by the variety of bilingual experiences. Future studies wishing to examine the effects of bilingualism on attention are encouraged to embrace the complexity and diversity of both constructs rather than making global claims about bilingualism and attention.
Participative Leadership: A Literature Review and Prospects for Future Research
Authors: Wang Qiang , Hou Hong , Li Zhibin
Published: June 2022

Changes in the external market environment put forward objective requirements for the formulation of organizational strategic plans, making it difficult for the organization’s leaders to make the right and effective decisions quickly on their own. As a result, participative leadership, which encourages and supports employees to participate in the decision-making process of organizations, has received increasing attention in both theory and practice. We searched the literature related to participative leadership in databases such as Web of Science, EBSCO, ProQuest, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Based on this, we clarify the concept of participative leadership, propose a definition of participative leadership, summarize measurement scales for this type of leadership, and compare participative leadership with other leadership styles (empowering leadership and directive leadership). We also present a research framework for participative leadership that demonstrates its antecedents; the mechanisms for its development based on social exchange theory, conservation of resources theory, social cognitive theory; social information processing theory, and implicit leadership theory; and outcomes. Finally, we identify five potential research areas: Connotation, antecedents, outcomes, mediators and moderators, and study of participative leadership in China.
Comparing Childhood Characteristics of Adopted and Non-adopted Individuals Deceased by Suicide
Authors: Ligier Fabienne , Body Lawson Festus , Lamourette Marilou , Giguère Charles-Edouard , Lesage Alain , Séguin Monique
Published: June 2022

Objective

Across the globe more than 35,000 children a year are adopted by non-relatives, and some studies suggest that adopted individuals may be more vulnerable to developing mental disorders. To map the differences in suicide risk factors in adopted and non-adopted individuals, this study will compare the development of mental disorders as well as life events occurring before the age of 18 for both adopted and non-adopted individuals deceased by suicide.

Methods

This study included 13 adopted and 26 non-adopted individuals deceased by suicide as well as 26 non-adopted living control individuals. Cases were taken from a data bank created over the last decade by researchers of [our institution] comprising a mixture of 700 suicide cases and living control individuals aged from 14 to 84. Adopted and non-adopted individuals deceased by suicide; adopted individuals deceased by suicide and non-adopted living control individuals were each compared on Axis I and II disorders, early life events, and burdens of adversity.

Results

Results show significant differences, with a higher rate of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mental health comorbidity and Cluster C personality disorders among adopted individuals. Furthermore, adopted individuals have higher adversity scores prior to the age of 15.

Conclusion

This study underlines the fact that adoptive families need to be supported throughout adoption. Health care professionals need specialized training on this matter, and the psychological challenges adopted individuals face need to be treated at the earliest juncture.
Correlates of Adherence of Multimodal Non-pharmacological Interventions in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sun Xue , Wang Lina , Shen Xinhua , Huang Cheng , Wei Zhuqin , Su Liming , Wang Simeng , Liu Xiaoshen , Zhen Xueting
Published: June 2022

Background

Non-pharmacological interventions are promising for delaying cognitive decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Although some studies have demonstrated adherence rates and factors influencing participation in single modality non-pharmacological interventions, little is known about the level and correlates of adherence to multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPIs) in older adults with MCI.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the adherence level and the correlates of adherence to MNPIs in older adults with MCI.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was employed. Community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and over were recruited from senior community centers and healthcare centers in Huzhou from March 2019 to December 2020. Data were collected by a general information questionnaire and the adherence scale of cognitive dysfunction management (AS-CDM) in older adults with MCI. Hierarchical regression analyses were applied to explore the correlates of adherence to MNPIs.

Results

A total of 216 completed questionnaires were finally analyzed. Of these, 68.52% were female, and 45.4% of the participants had no less than 6 years of education. The overall mean score for adherence was 117.58 (SD = 10.51) out of 160, equivalent to 73.49 in the hundred-mark system, indicating a medium-level adherence to MNPIs in older adults with MCI. Of the five dimensions of adherence (AS-CDM), self-efficacy scored the highest, and the lowest was perceived barriers. The univariate analysis showed that the factors associated with the adherence to MNPIs were: regular physical exercise, meat-vegetable balance, absence of multimorbidity, high level of education, living alone, and living in urban (p < 0.05). In the hierarchical regression analysis, the final model explained 18.8% of variance in overall adherence (p < 0.01), which high school (Beta = 0.161, p < 0.05), college and above more (Beta = 0.171, p < 0.05), meat-vegetarian balance (Beta = 0.228, p < 0.05), regular physical exercise (Beta = 0.234, p < 0.05), and presence of multimorbidity (Beta = −0.128, p < 0.05) significantly contributed to adherence. In addition, nearly 80% of older adults with MCI preferred MNPIs.

Conclusion

Early assessment and management of adherence to MNPIs were essential in older adults with MCI. Furthermore, the findings shed light on several critical areas of intervention to improve adherence to MNPIs in older adults with MCI.

Clinical Trial Registration

http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=35363, ChiCTR1900020950 (Registered on January 23, 2019).
The Higher the Children's Achievements, the Better the Elderly Health? Evidence From China
Authors: Zhang Pei ru , Liu Yiwei
Published: June 2022

Health, an important indicator for measuring the elderly's life and wellbeing, is an important part of positive and healthy aging. Children's achievements are closely linked to their parents' health. However, existing literature does not cover how children's achievements impact the health of their elderly parents. Data were derived from the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Aging Social Survey; this study includes 6,793 elderly people ages 60 and older as samples. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between children's achievements and their elderly parents' health statuses in China. The results show that the higher the children's income and education, the better their health of their elderly parents. Living patterns, children' financial support to their parents, and social capital play a mediating role in the relationship between children and their elderly parents. These findings provide further insight into potential factors associated with the children's achievements and elderly health.
Occupational Safety Climate and Hazards in the Industrial Sector: Gender Differences Perspective, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlMousa Norah , Althabet Nadin , AlSultan Sarah , Albagmi Faisal , AlNujaidi Heba , Salama Khaled F.
Published: June 2022

Background

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) has become a growing public health concern worldwide. A considerable body of literature has been generated around the theme of safety climate perceptions and occupational hazards, as many researchers have examined perceptions of the occupational safety climate in relation to organizational hierarchy. But there is an urgent need to address safety problems associated with gender differences, especially in Saudi Arabia, where women have only recently begun to work in the industrial field. Therefore, this study aims to assess workers' perceptions of the safety climate and OHS hazards and identify gender differences among workers.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out, using the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) to assess seven dimensions of safety climate perception and a standardized structured questionnaire adapted from the National Institute of Occupational Health to assess occupational hazards.

Results

The results indicated that respondents perceived only one dimension of their relevant occupational safety climates positively. “Peer safety communication, learning, and trust in co-workers”. Workers experienced a range of different occupational hazards in factories, with noise being the most common. There were significant differences (<0.05) between females and males in the areas of safety priority and risk non-acceptance. Women were more likely to experience ergonomic problems than their male counterparts.

Conclusion

The present study concludes that industries need to comply with national and international OHS standards and rules, especially related to gender perspectives and hazards, as well as provide proper occupational health services in their factories.
Association Between Passive Smoking and Menstrual Discomfort: A Cross-Sectional Study of 2,571 Non-smoking Chinese Nurses
Authors: Xiao Shi-qi , Xing Lin-lin , Wu Qi-jun , Xia Tian-hui , Fu Tong-tong , Guo Ying , Yu Xin-ying , Sun Xiang-hong , Feng Hui-ling , Gai Li , Xu Yi-wei , Xia Chun-ling , Fan Ling
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Menstrual discomfort affects women's quality of life, which is an important public health issue. Evidence confirming the link between passive smoking and menstrual discomfort is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the aforementioned topic on the basis of a cross-sectional study of 2,571 non-smoking Chinese nurses.

Methods

Demographic information and passive smoking were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Menstrual discomfort was characterized as dysmenorrhea, illness or weakness, bed rest, and restlessness during menstruation, which was assessed using a modified version of the Cornell Medical Index-Health Questionnaire. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the logistic regression model.

Results

A total of 1:195 nurses (46.48%) were exposed to passive smoking. Compared with non-passive smoking nurses, passive smoking nurses were more likely to have menstrual discomfort symptoms (72.38 vs. 64.39%), especially symptoms of dysmenorrhea (49.54 vs. 42.08%), illnesses or weakness (48.28 vs. 42.08%), and restlessness during menstruation (53.05 vs. 46.22%). Exposure to passive smoking was significantly associated with menstrual discomfort (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.19–1.67), especially symptoms of dysmenorrhea (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.13–1.56), illness or weakness (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.06–1.46), and restlessness (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.08–1.48) during menstruation. The subgroup analyses, stratified by age, children, and marital status, agreed with the main findings.

Conclusions

Exposure to passive smoking was related to symptoms of dysmenorrhea and menstrual discomfort.
Mother's and Father's Migrating in China: Differing Relations to Mental Health and Risk Behaviors Among Left-Behind Children
Authors: Akezhuoli Hailati , Lu Jingjing , Zhao Guanlan , Xu Jiayao , Wang Menmen , Wang Feng , Li Lu , Zhou Xudong
Published: June 2022

Background

In China, the figure for left-behind children (LBC) of migrants stood at 68. 77 million in 2015. Despite being seen as a whole in the last few decades, LBC today differ broadly in parental migrating status. This study focused on LBC with both parents migrating (BLBC), LBC with only mothers migrating (MLBC), LBC with only fathers migrating (FLBC), and previous LBC with one or both parents migrating (PLBC), separately. We aimed at exploring the extent to which LBC were being affected by each migrant parent on both mental health and risk behaviors.

Methods

Data from 4,832 children were collected by a school-based survey in both rural and urban areas of China's Anhui province. Each participant anonymously completed a self-administered questionnaire containing the sociodemographics, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the items from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), and Young's Internet Addiction Test for Chinese (YIAT-C). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Chi-squared test. Associations were estimated by multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses adjusted for several confounders.

Results

The results suggested that BLBC (p < 0.001), MLBC (p < 0.05), FLBC (p < 0.01), and PLBC (p < 0.001) significantly scored higher for total difficulties along with emotional symptoms and conduct problems than never left-behind children (NLBC). Besides, BLBC, FLBC, and PLBC further reported a significantly higher rate of smoking (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively) and drinking (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively) than did NLBC. Also, MLBC appeared higher risks of smoking problems [OR = 2.31, 95% CI (1.45–3.69), p < 0.001] and the internet addiction [OR = 2.15, 95% CI (1.24–3.72), p < 0.01], when compared to NLBC.

Conclusions

The findings provided insight into LBC within the different contexts of parental migrations and contributed to a better understanding of their specific and potentially persistent health risks. Correspondingly, the study highlighted the implications for differentiating LBC to capture the more vulnerable group and tailored interventions to prioritize.
Temporal and Spatiotemporal Arboviruses Forecasting by Machine Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lima Clarisse Lins de , da Silva Ana Clara Gomes , Moreno Giselle Machado Magalhães , Cordeiro da Silva Cecilia , Musah Anwar , Aldosery Aisha , Dutra Livia , Ambrizzi Tercio , Borges Iuri V. G. , Tunali Merve , Basibuyuk Selma , Yenigün Orhan , Massoni Tiago Lima , Browning Ella , Jones Kate , Campos Luiza , Kostkova Patty , Silva Filho Abel Guilhermino da , dos Santos Wellington Pinheiro
Published: June 2022

Arboviruses are a group of diseases that are transmitted by an arthropod vector. Since they are part of the Neglected Tropical Diseases that pose several public health challenges for countries around the world. The arboviruses' dynamics are governed by a combination of climatic, environmental, and human mobility factors. Arboviruses prediction models can be a support tool for decision-making by public health agents. In this study, we propose a systematic literature review to identify arboviruses prediction models, as well as models for their transmitter vector dynamics. To carry out this review, we searched reputable scientific bases such as IEE Xplore, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Scopus. We search for studies published between the years 2015 and 2020, using a search string. A total of 429 articles were returned, however, after filtering by exclusion and inclusion criteria, 139 were included. Through this systematic review, it was possible to identify the challenges present in the construction of arboviruses prediction models, as well as the existing gap in the construction of spatiotemporal models.