bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMMUNITY EFFORTS IN FLOOD DISASTER MITIGATION ROB IN COASTAL AREA, CIBUAYA REGENCY, KARAWANG REGENCY (Case Study of Giant Existence in Wanasari Village, Cibitung District, Bekasi Regency)
Authors: Marlianah Marlianah , Bahri Asep Saepul
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the socio-economic life of the community and the influence of the existence of supermarkets on the socio-economic life of the community in Wanasari Village, Cibitung District, Bekasi Regency. The research method used is descriptive method (descriptive research). Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation studies, and literature studies. The research sample was 60 people with proportional random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the existence of supermarkets has an impact on the socio-economic life of the people in Wanasari Village, especially people who work directly as supermarket employees and people who carry out activities around supermarkets. The socio-economic life of the community includes education, social interaction, employment, job opportunities, and income. From the several aspects measured, almost all of them experienced an increase from before the supermarket was after the supermarket.
ANALISIS SINYAL GETARAN DALAM DOMAIN FREKUENSI PADA MESIN BERPUTAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAILURE ANALYSIS
Authors: Yustin Ariesa Prisilia , Aswin Fajar , Sateria Angga
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini dititikberatkan pada metode failure analysis yang digunakan dalam proses menganalisis 3 kerusakan yakni unbalance, bearing defect, dan mechanical looseness berdasarkan sinyal getaran dalam domain frekuensi. Diagnosis kerusakan melalui sinyal getaran yang diperoleh berdasarkan ciri frekuensi khusus yang menandai timbulnya cacat atau rusak yang kemudian dianalisis dengan metode failure analysis. Hasil akhir yang diperoleh setelah dilakukan pengujian ialah bahwa metode failure analysis dapat menentukan satu kesimpulan kerusakan di masing-masing data sinyal getaran yang telah diambil. Dengan kerusakan unbalance ditunjukkan karena munculnya peak amplitudo tertinggi pada 1x rpm (31,25 Hz), bearing defect peak amplitudo pada frekuensi 1x BSF (49,82 Hz), dan mechanical looseness pada 0,5x, 1x, 2x, 3x rpm.
PROSES MANUFAKTUR PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO
Authors: Apriadi Fauzi , Prayogi Estu
Published: September 2022

Bagaimana cara pembuatan rangka dan komponen pada mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro Bagaimana proses perakitan mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro. Bagaimana pengujian fungsional dan kinerja pada mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro Diagram alir ialah tahapan SOP( Standar Operational Prosedur) yang digunakan dalam pembuatan mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro. Kedudukan diagram alir sangat berarti dalam proses pembuatan mesin ini. Diagram alir memastikan proses pembuatan mesin ini hendak berjalan mudah ataupun kandas. Berikut merupakan Flowchart pembuatan mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro:Perihal ini terjalin sebab pertumbuhan teknologi yang terus menjadi mutahir serta sebagian besar memakai tenaga listrik bagaikan tenaga penggeraknya.Air ialah salah satu sumber tenaga yang sangat potensial buat dimanfaatkan bagaikan tenaga listrik. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) merupakan sesuatu pembangkit listrik berskala kecil dengan kapasitas pembangkitan tenaga listrik 1 s/ d 150 kW yang memakai tenaga air bagaikan media penggeraknya, misal saluran irigasi, sungai ataupun air terjun alam, dengan metode menggunakan besar tumbangnya( head) serta debit airnya(m2/s). Lakukan perawatan dan pengecekan rutin agar tiap komponen pada mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro ini tidak mengalami kerusakan. Pemilihan material lebih diperhatikan lagi supaya mendapatkan material yang baik untuk umur pemakaian mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro tersebut. Untuk mengantisipasi adanya rusak di bagian turbin pada mesin ini alangkah baiknya dilakukan dengan cara menggangti komponen turbin agar bisa di pakai Kembali.

Kata Kunci: produksi, pembuatan, PLTMH
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PRESS HIDROLIK BEARING DAN BENDING
Authors: Ekawati Fatimah Dian , Rokhman Taufiqur , Paridawati Paridawati
Published: September 2022

Kebutuhan pengadaan mesin di bengkel-bengkel sangat beragam dan perkembangannya sangat cepat karena kemajuan teknologi di berbagai bidang. Akibatnya, konsumen menjadi lebih kritis dalam memilih dan menentukan suatu produk yang akan digunakan di bengkel mobil maupun bengkel motor, seperti press bearing atau piston, mesin ini biasa menggunakan sistem hydrolik manual ataupun otomatis. Keluhan yang sering terjadi dari para pemilik bengkel adalah harga mesin press yang terlalu tinggi dan hanya memiliki satu fungsi, sehingga tidak semua bengkel mobil atau motor memiliki mesin ini. Mesin press biasanya digunakan untuk melakukan kegiatan pengepresan terhadap bearing, bhusing piston, pelek motor atau mobil, dan segitiga motor. Metode yang digunakan untuk membuat mesin press ini yaitu dengan menggunakan sistem hidrolik. Cara kerja mesin ini adalah memberikan tekanan pada benda kerja dengan kapasitas maksimal 5 ton yang akan diatur oleh jumlah tekanan tuas yang di pompa oleh tangan. Proses pembuatan alat ini dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu, desain, pembuatan detail gambar, pemilihan material, pabrikasi dan perakitan. Hasil uji mesin ini bekerja optimal dan memiliki berbagai fungsi dalam satu mesin.
PROSES PERAKITAN DAN PENGUJIAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO DENGAN TURBIN CROSSFLOW
Authors: Gokmartua Sinaga Lorens Abel , Prayogi Estu
Published: September 2022

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) Merupakan Pembangkit Sekala Kecil yang umumnya dibangun di tempat yang tidak tersentuh oleh jaringan pemerintah namun daerahnya memiliki potensi air yang cukup untuk membangkitkan energy listrik.Sebelum PLTMH di buat, dibutuhkan studi potensi untuk mengetahui gambaran secara umum potensi air dan melakukan perencanaan sistem PLTMH yang akan dibuat dengan mengandalkan analisis- analisis yang mengharuskan adanya Perancangan PLTMH dibutuhkan studi kelayakan untuk menentukan kelayakan dan potensi tersebut. Dan seiring berjalanya waktu perkembangan teknologi diperlukan adanya modifikasi Pada PLTMH agar dapat terus berkembang. Sesuai dengan Perancangan Maka dilaporan ini Membangun Alat Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro dengan modifikasi Turbin,mekanisme gerak dan langkah-langkah Pembuatan alat PLTMH dari awal hingga Pengetesan.
ANALISIS OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS ( OEE) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERFORMANCE MESIN CERRUTI-2 DI PT. UIS
Authors: Muhazir Achmad , Sinaga Zulkani , Abidin Zaenal
Published: September 2022

OEE lmerupakan lsalah lsatu lmetode lyang lada ldalam lTotal lProduktive lMentenance l(TPM). Untuk mengukur performance mesin, bisa diukur dari nilai OEE nya, yaitu nilai lavailabilitas ldari lmesin latau peralatan, lefisiensi lproses lkinerja ldari lproses ldan lrate dari lmutu lsesuatu lproduk. Nilai ideal atau standar OEE yaitu 85%. Permasalahan yang ada di PT. UIS, yaitu target produksi selalu tidak tercapai, dari kajian pendahuluan terlihat nilai downtime mesin yang besar di atas nilai yang diizinkan perusahaan. Langkah pertama pada penelitian ini yaitu mengukur nilai OEE dari mesin tersebut, terutama pada mesin Cerruti 2 yang mempunyai downtime mesin terbesar yaitu rata-rata di atas 100 jam/bulannya. Dari hasil analisis OEE pada mesin tersebut didapat nilai OEE 75,55 % ini jauh di bawah standar nilai OEE yang di syaratkan. Langkah selanjutnya analisis factor kerusakan terbesar pada mesin, analisis Six Big Losses,  hasil analisis nilai equipment failure dan breakdown losses menempati nilai kerusakan tertinggi yaitu 56%. Akar permasalahan penyebab tersebut bersama tim dari perusahaan dibuat kajian, diketahui akar permasalahan pada manusia, pada mesin dan pada metode yang menyebabkan kerusakan besar pada mesin cerruti-2. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan berdasarkan akar permasalahan, nilai OEE meningkat menjadi 87,2%, masuk dalam standar yang disyaratkan.
PUBLIC SERVICE INNOVATION BASED ON e-OPen APPLICATION AT DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN CATATAN SIPIL KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Turahmawati Laila , Suryani Elvira
Published: September 2022

Public service innovation is important to do, given the development of today's information and technology. Online-based public service innovation is a new form of change that adapts to the times. The purpose of the research conducted is to find out how the application of the e-OPen application at the Bekasi City Population and Civil Registration Office, to find out the obstacles as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors carried out by the Bekasi City Population and Civil Registration Service. The method used in this study is qualitative, namely research methods about research that are descriptive and tend to use analysis. The results of this study explain that the E-Open application runs well and is quite optimal, as seen from the following indicators: 1) Relative advantage: The e-OPen application provides many advantages, namely making it easier for people to make population documents online, the availability of prestige to help community difficulties. 2) Compatibility: The e-OPen application is a development of the Simpaduk Application which is technologically still to the previous application because it uses almost the same tools. 3) Complexity: the level of complexity in the e-OPen application is interference with the mobile phone network which suddenly becomes unstable. 4) Possible Trial: The e-OPen application passed the trial stage in February and is being carried out in stages. 5) Ease of Observation: This e-OPen application has been proven to have more advantages or value compared to previous innovations. This innovation can be observed by all levels of society, both from government and non-government institutions, the private sector, and activist organizations.
SOCIAL CONFLICT IN PUBLIC SERVICES PROGRAM: A CASE IN HANDLING COVID-19 IN KELURAHAN WANASARI BEKASI REGENCY
Authors: Fadhilah Fadhilah , Mudhrodin Mudhrodin , Pramono Joko , Rofieq Ainur
Published: September 2022

Social conflicts in the community, both small and major conflicts, are common phenomena that often arise. This also occurs in public service activities carried out by the government. The problem is how these problems arise in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic until the end of 2021. This research uses the case study method, while the data is collected using the PAR (Participation Action Research) method. This study shows that in the handling of the program during this pandemic, social conflicts emerged, although only at the level of social media, especially through WhatsApp (WA) but had implications for the response of citizens who participated in the vaccination program. The results of this study recommend the need for efforts to develop better public policies and the socialization process to increase public political participation in supporting government programs.
Post-traumatic Isolated Right Hepatic Duct Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Arora Harshit , Singh Waryaam , Sharma Vasudha , Arora Lavanya
Published: September 2022

A 73-year-old female presented with a rare presentation of extrahepatic ductal injuries post-trauma in the form of a right hepatic duct injury. Such injuries go undetected despite normally advised imaging, presenting a few to several days post-trauma. Taking into consideration the risk of biliary leakage, biliary strictures, or recurrent cholangitis, it is imperative to keep a lookout for this differential diagnosis. Given the scarce literature on post-traumatic right hepatic duct injuries, the authors felt that this case could be a beacon in the discussion of the same issue among the surgical community.
Translation and Transformation: The “Autobiography” of ‘Abd al-Rahman Khan, Amir of Afghanistan
Authors: McChesney R.D. , Tarzi Amin
Published: September 2022

The acclaimed “autobiography” of the late nineteenth-century ruler of Afghanistan, Amir ‘Abd al-Rahman Khan (r. July 1880–October 1901), The Life of Abdur Rahman, Amir of Afghanistan, G.C.B., G.C.S.I., has had a remarkably long and influential, if unexamined, history. Published in 1900 in two volumes, it was to include in its first volume a translation of Pandnāmah-i dunyā wa dīn, a genuine composition of the amir published in Kabul circa 1304 a.h. (1886–1887 c.e.). The Pandnāmah or Book of Advice, an unfinished 140-page work, recounts his life from the age of nine to the age of thirty-seven, just before he came to the throne in the summer of 1880. The English version found a receptive audience and was itself translated very quickly into Russian and back into Persian in 1901 and 1903.

The fundamental question this paper raises: is the first volume of The Life of Abdur Rahman a translation of “every word of the Amir’s own narrative of his early years” as Sultan Muhammad (Mahomed), its editor, claimed?
Being, Identity, and Difference in Heraclitus and Parmenides
Authors: Sentesy Mark
Published: September 2022

Are all forms of difference contained in what is, or is there some form of difference that escapes, negates, or constitutes what is? Parmenides and Heraclitus may have had the greatest effect on how philosophy has answered this question. This paper shows that Heraclitus is not a partisan of difference: identity and difference are mutually generative and equally fundamental. For his part, Parmenides both makes an argument against opposing being and non-being in the False Road Story, and then uses precisely this opposition to put up signs on the Way of Truth. The paper responds to this impasse by making the case that the poem’s philosophical character is didactic, rhetorical, and mythological, which is why both these signs, and the opposition between non-being and being, are presented as names created by mortals.
LNG Bunkering Dynamics: An Exploratory Study for Türkiye
Authors: DOYMUŞ Mehmet , DENKTAŞ ŞAKAR Gül
Published: September 2022

United Nations’ decarbonization and greenhouse gas reduction targets are to be achieved through the utilization of alternative fuels globally. LNG is a viable alternative for mitigating maritime transport-related greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates LNG bunkering supply chain development in Türkiye. Semi-structured interviews with bunkering supply chain representatives were conducted to explore phenomena. The results of the research provided a pathway to establish a new supply chain for alternative marine fuels. The research findings indicate that collaboration and setting a regulatory framework are vital for supply chain development.
Updated Checklist of Food Plants of Species of Sitobion Mordvilko, 1914 (Macrosiphini: Aphididae: Hemiptera) in India
Authors: Garima Singh , Rajendra Singh
Published: September 2022

Present article deals with the food plants of the species of Sitobion genus (Aphididae: Hemiptera) in India. Total 26 species of the genus Sitobion are recorded, out of which almost half of them are monophagous feeding on one or two plant species belonging to one or two families. Six species are polyphagous feeding on 12 to 81 plant species. Sitobion (Sitobion) miscanthi (Takahashi, 1921) is highly polyphagous (feeding on 81 plant species) followed by Sitobion (Sitobion) avenae avenae (Fabricius, 1775) (feeding on 37 plant species), Sitobion (Sitobion) indicum Basu, 1964 (feeding on 32 plant species), Sitobion (Sitobion) rosaeiformis (Das, 1918) (feeding on 30 plant species), Sitobion (Sitobion) aulacorthoides (David, Narayanan and Rajasingh, 1970 (1971)) and Sitobion (Sitobion) luteum (Buckton, 1876) (each feeding on 12 plant species). A total of 152 species (24 species of plants identified upto generic level only) of food plants belonging to 33 families of plants serve as food plants of these aphid species. The family Poaceae is the largest family having 65 species of food plants for Sitobion spp. followed by Orchidaceae (20 plant species), Rosaceae (11 plant species), and Asteraceae (10 plant species), and less than 10 plant species each of other 28 plant families. Few species of the genus Sitobion are major pests of agricultural and horticultural crops. The wheat or grain aphid, Sitobion avenae and Indian cereal aphid, Sitobion miscanthi are major pest of wheat and millets in some parts of India.
Diversity of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) Infesting Polygonaceous Plants (Angiospermae: Caryophyllales: Polygonaceae) in India
Authors: Rajendra Singh , Ruhi Agrawal
Published: September 2022

The present checklist demonstrates that at least 30 species of plants of the family Polygonaceae are infested by 75 species/subspecies of aphids belonging to 4 subfamilies, such as Aphidinae (Tribe Aphidini: 19 species; Tribe Macrosiphini: 53 species), and Eriosomatinae, Greenideinae and Lachninae (1 species each) in India. Maximum number of aphid species (21 aphid species) are colonised on Persicaria nepalensis and Rumex nepalensis (16 species each), Polygonum punctatum (12 species), Persicaria barbata and Persicaria chinensis (11 species each), and Persicaria decipiens (10 species) and less number of species on rest of the plant species. Similarly, maximum number of plant species (14 plant species) were colonised by Aphis (Aphis) gossypii Glover followed by Capitophorus hippophaes javanicus Hille Ris Lambers (12 plant species), Capitophorus mitegoni Eastop (11 plant species), Aphis (Aphis) spiraecola Patch (9 plant species), Akkaia bengalensis Basu (8 plant species), Myzus (Nectarosiphon) persicae (Sulzer) (8 plant species), Trichosiphonaphis (Xenomyzus) polygoni (van der Goot) (8 plant species), Myzus (Myzus) ornatus Laing (7 plant species), Aphis (Aphis) craccivora Koch and Aphis (Aphis) fabae Scopoli (5 plant species each) and less than 5 plant species in case of other aphid species.
Impact of Effluent of a Chlor-Alkali Industry on the Photosynthetic Efficiency of Crop Field Inhabiting Cyanobacteria
Authors: Prabha Prusti Jhilli , A.K. Panigrahi
Published: September 2022

The Chlor-alkali industry located at Ganjam, Odisha, India caused aquatic and terrestrial mercury contamination by its effluent and solid waste discharges discharged from the industry containing metallic mercury. The Rushikulya river water and the surrounding area were contaminated, which affected the flora and fauna of the area ultimately affecting live flora and fauna of Bay of Bengal. Toxicity study revealed the acute toxic nature of the effluent. At sub-lethal concentration of the effluent, either no impact or little increment in growth values (dry weight) was noted in case the tested alga available in the contaminated sites. At higher concentrations of the effluent, inhibition of growth was noted in the effluent exposed alga. The pigment contents like chlorophyll, phaeophytin, carotene and c-phycocyanin content significantly decreased as compared to the control algal pigments. It was observed that at sub-lethal concentration of the effluent, growth enhancement was noted but with the increase in effluent concentration growth declined. The pigments initially increased at sub-lethal concentrations and with the increase in effluent concentration the pigments significantly decreased indicating toxic stress. Analysis indicated that with the increase in exposure period the residual accumulation of mercury increased significantly showing a positive correlation (r=0.924; P
Assessment of an Organophosphate Pesticide Particularly Malathion on Earthworm: A Review
Authors: Tamanna Kumari , Prerna Bikal , Vineeta Shukla
Published: September 2022

Aristotle called earthworms the “intestines of the earth” whereas “natures plough” name was allotted by Charles Darwin. The functioning of earthworms has been admired for a long time. They play a constructive aftermath on various ecosystem services like pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, water recycling, and other non-material aids. Earthworm allures more recognition of capability to convert solid waste into beneficial material termed as “vermicompost”. Malathion as an organophosphate pesticide is most used in agriculture and household applications to control pests. Malathion falls under EPA toxicity class III as a slightly toxic compound. Malathion is a standout amongst the most broadly utilized organo-phosphorous. Its fast detoxification is caused by mammalian carboxylesterases present in the liver and different tissues. It acts as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and its relatively low poisonous quality and short half-life add to its prevalence.
Postmortem Toxicology: An Overview
Authors: Omar Bahattab , Mozon A. Alatawi , Areej S. Alenzi , Rana A. Albalawi
Published: September 2022

Postmortem toxicology is one of the important disciplines among toxicology, analytical chemistry, clinical chemistry and pharmacology and is an important tool to know about any death caused by poisoning, its causes, and the type of poisonous substance that led to the death of a person. In this review postmortem toxicology has been discussed in detail. It is focused on different types of poisons and poisoning, causes of poising and forensic investigations involved to find out the reason behind the poisoning and deaths including criminal procedures.
Animal and Plant Responses to Water Pollution: An Overview
Authors: Phalguni Bhattacharyya , Ritwik Acharya , Sayanti Kar , Indrajit Ghosh , Amitava Ghosh
Published: September 2022

Fresh water is available only 0.5% on this planet for mankind. The ground water (percolated and closed in aquifers), river water, lake, pond and well are the main sources for water. Population density, heavy metals, toxic waste disposal, pesticides, herbicides, fertilizer, eutrophication, house hold chemicals, dish washing, laundry waste etc. increases the amount of water pollutants at the outfall of the main rivers which shows proportionate rise in content on a seasonal basis. These pollutants primarily disturb the metabolic systems of economically important plants and then the dependant animals and human beings. Different physical factors responsible to sustain the aquatic life are temperature, BOD, COD, pH and turbidity. The ecological sustenance of plant species is very much dependable on the quality of water. The poor quality of water causes health hazard and death of human being, aquatic life and also disturbs the production of different crops. Heavy metals from the water directly percolate into food crops with stress indicator, the antioxidants or free radical scavenging enzymes. Waste water induced synthesis of low molecular weight peptides in certain irrigated crop plants are extremely inhibitory in nature for biological systems.
Metabolomics in Radiotherapy: Current Paradigms and Future Perspectives
Authors: Shreya Mahajan , Kumar Upadhyay Sushil , Manoj Singh , Anil K. Sharma
Published: September 2022

Over the last 100 years, much advancement has been made towards understanding the hallmarks of cancer and finding an amicable solution for the treatment of cancer. Still, understanding the clinical management of cancer with its increasing incidence in the 21st century poses great challenge. Radiation therapy is one of the significant modalities which remain an important component as far as cancer treatment is concerned. The main goal of the treatment is to prevent the multiplication of cancer cells and further metastasis. Human exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) has a great impact on the metabolic processes in the normal cells and tissues apart from tumor cells. Therefore, analysis of the metabolites in the stress–responsive pathways and generating a multi-metabolite profiles of the personnel having a great potential in the identification of robust biomarkers that help in predicting the radiation toxicology. This facilitates studying in–depth, the molecular response of cells in response to radiotherapy. In this review, we have focused on the active role of metabolomics in studying the post-radiotherapy changes in the patients and the identification of unique pathways that can be targeted to alleviate the harmful effects of radiation exposure.
Epidemiology: An Interdisciplinary Science for Public Health Assessments
Authors: A. Alatawi Fuad , Alataw Omar , Albalawi Ahmed , Albalawi Raed , Alshehri Hussein , Alomari Abdulaziz
Published: September 2022

Epidemiology is the study to find out the public health outcomes, diseases in human population and their causes. Epidemiology can also be defined as the scientific, systematic, and data-based study on the distribution patterns of a population and the risk factors and causes of health-related issues. It also includes the events not only the diseases but also other factors affecting health such as pollution, injuries, natural disasters and terrorist activities. In epidemiology global, country, state, city, school, institutions, neighborhood, all types of specified populations are considered and is applicable to all the issues related to public health. In this review we are focusing on the challenges in research layout and evaluation, which makes these studies significant to investigate the various reasons of epidemiology in relation to public health assessment.
Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Mosquito Dynamics in Relation to Meteorological Variables in Baramulla District of North Kashmir, India
Authors: Malla Bilal Ahmad , Jebanesan A.
Published: September 2022

The present investigation was an attempt to find out the mosquito fauna diversity and distribution in relation with meteorological factors across three study localities/sites of Baramulla district (Kashmir division), India. The study period between May to October of 2019 and 2020, encountered a total of 701 mosquito specimens with maximum number of individuals recorded from Sopore (n=250) followed by Rafiabad (n=242) and Zaingeer (n=209). The mosquitoes seasonally reported were mostly found abundantly in summer (n=418). Monthly collections illustrated that number of mosquitoes were recorded maximum in August and September (n=381) and minimum in May and June (n=76). Culex quinquefaciatus was abundantly encountered and represent the highest percentage occurrence of 38.088% whereas Anopheles gigas contributed a minimum percentage occurrence of 5.563% among all species reported during the study period. In August 2019, maximum temperature and humidity recorded was 29.6 C/87% and minimum temperature and humidity was 17.5 C/66%. Precipitation observed was 155.5 mm. The maximum temperature and humidity observed during August, 2020 was 31.2 C/85% and minimum temperature and humidity was 18.6 C/69%. Overall study period suggested that maximum temperature and relative humidity supported the prevalence of mosquitoes. The precipitation recorded was 153.2 mm. In May 2019 and May, 2020, the rainfall observed was 150.9 mm and 138.0 mm, respectively, but the fluctuation in temperature and humidity does not favour the mosquito growth, thereby least density was observed. In other words, the requirement of an ideal temperature, rainfall and humidity is an essential variable for survival of mosquitoes in aquatic habitats.
Oxygen Consumption of Freshwater Crab, Barytelphusa Cunicularis, in Relation to Organotin Compound and Nanoparticles Stress
Authors: Varsha Somvanshi , Pooja Salve , K.B. Shejule
Published: September 2022

The present investigation explore the respiratory response and behavioural changes of the freshwater crab Barytelphusa cunicularis after exposure to lethal concentration (1.00 ppm) of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Tributyltin oxide (TBTO) (2.44 ppm). The animals after acclimatization to the laboratory conditions were exposed for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h to the toxicants. Total oxygen consumption was estimated by Winkler’s method (1960) and the behaviour changes wereassessed by visually. In the present study, total oxygen consumption showed a gradual decline from 0 to 24 h in the experimental animals exposed to silver nanoparticles and TBTO.
Effect of Sub-lethal Concentration of Tributyltin Oxide on Enzyme Activity of Fresh Water Crab Barytelphusa cunicularis
Authors: Varsha Somvanshi , K.B. Shejule
Published: September 2022

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of organotin compound on alteration of enzyme activity in fresh water crab Barytelphusa cunicularis exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of tributyltin oxide (TBTO) (0.244 ppm which is 1/10th of 96 h LC50). The LC50 value of TBTO were found as 5.29 ppm for 24 h and 2.44 ppm for 96 h. Crabs (Barytelphusa cunicularis) were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.244 ppm) of TBTO for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The activity of enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the hemolymph of crabs showed significant increase after exposure to 0.244 ppm TBTO for 28 days. The increase metabolic enzymes in hemolymph of treated animals compared with control indicated heaptopancreatic damage caused by TBTO. These changes are an outcome of metabolic as well as physiological stress.
Antiurolithiatic Activity of Casaurina equisetifolia Leaf Mediated Nanoparticles
Authors: Pooja K. Salve , Akash P. Kadam , Ajay R. Irmale , Vaishali N Wadekar , Ramesh Chondekar
Published: September 2022

Urolithiasis is a complex process that occurs from series of several physiochemical event including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation and retention with the kidneys. Data from in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials reveals that phytotherapeutic agents could be useful as either alternative or an adjunct therapy in the management of urolithiasis. Casaurina equisetifolia have been reported to possess antiurolithiatic property by various folk lore practitioners. The in vitro antiurolithiatic study of the whole plant of C. equisetifolia through titrimetric and turbidity method was performed to check their potential in dissolving calcium oxalate crystals using Neeri as a standard compound. The aqueous extract and alcoholic extract of Gamma treated samples showed relatively higher dissolution of 70% of stones. Alcoholic extract of NPs and Gamma treated samples showed more dissolution than aqueous extract.
Physico-chemical Properties of Kottaipattinam Coastal Water, Southeast Coast of India
Authors: Karthik M.  , Rajakumar R.
Published: September 2022

In the rapid development of marine aquaculture, the water quality of aquatic environments is regarded as a main limiting factor. Physicochemical characteristics of seawater play crucial role for productive marine ecosystem and fisheries activities. In the present study, the physico-chemical parameters such as sea surface temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen were studied for a period of 12 months (July 2019– June 2020). Sea surface temperature varied from 25.5 to 32.5 °C. Salinity varied from 28.0 and 37.0 ‰, hydrogen ion concentration ranged between 7.15 and 8.22. Variation in dissolved oxygen content was from 3.86 to 5.85 mg l−1. In the present study the seasonal variations of various factors were studied and interrelationships existing between them discussed.
Toxic Effects of Treatment with Cyclophosphamide on Serum Biochemical Markers of Hepatic Function in Albino Rats
Authors: Deepshikha Samdershi , Aman Kumar
Published: September 2022

Despite being an effective modality of treatment against cancer, chemotherapy is a major factor responsible for the morbidity and mortality caused by cancer. Cyclophosphamide, a widely used chemotherapeutic drug belonging to the Nitrogen Mustard family of alkylating agents, has been documented for many side- effects on the healthy tissues and metabolism of individuals undergoing treatment. In the present study, an effort has been made to investigate the effects of cyclophosphamide administration on hepatic metabolism of albino rats. Male albino rats were divided into two groups (n= 6 in each). Group 1 (Vehicle control) rats were treated with distilled water and group II rats were intraperitoneally administered with single dose of cyclophosphamide at the dose of 200 mg/kg b wt on day 1 of the experiment. Blood was collected from rats of each group on day 7 via cardiac puncture. Serum was separated and analysed for level of liver function markers and lipid profile parameters. Intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide resulted in a significant increase in serum level of bilirubin and liver enzymes-- Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) (P<0.001), while decreased the level of total protein (P<0.01), albumin (P<0.05) and globulin, when compared to vehicle control group rats. A significant increment in serum level of Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-c), Triglycerides (TG) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL- c) along with a significant decrease in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-c) was observed following cyclophosphamide administration in group II rats, when compared to control group (P<0.001)Cyclophosphamide caused severe biochemical alterations resulting in hepatic toxicity, increased lipid peroxidation and redox imbalances in albino rats. Therefore, a routine monitoring of liver function might be advisable for the individuals undergoing chemotherapy as well as before recommending the chemotherapy session.
Assessment of the Conservation Value of Wetland Birds on the Pallikaranai Marsh, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu N.
Published: September 2022

The present study was carried out to assess the status and conservation issues of wetland birds in Pallikaranai marsh, Chennai, India from March 2021 to February 2022. The dominant family was Ardeidae represented by 9 species followed by Anatidae with 6 species, Threskiornithidae and Scolopacidae with 4 species. The families with representation with one species were Accipitridae, Anhingidae, Ciconiidae, Dicruridae, Sturnidae, Pelecanidae, Muscicapidae, Phoenicopteridae, Podicipedidae, Rostratulidae, Laridae, Hirundinidae, Columbidae and Cuculidae.Totally 60 species were identified during the study period. Higher numbers of birds were recorded in the month of April. Birds migration status, feeding habits and IUCN status were investigated. Majority of the birds are under the least concern category, the birds viz. Painted stork, Black tailed godwit and Orientel darter are under Near Threatened category. The present study site is also facing tremendous conservation challenges by the impacts of anthropogenic alteration of the habitats in and around the marshy area. The diversity of avifauna that occur in large numbers in this area invites attention for conservation of the Pallikaranai wetlands and prevention from further degradation.
Investigations on Angiogenic Potential of Ranitidine Using Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay
Authors: Raghunath Kakulte Vikram , Rahul Dilip Phatangare , Swapnil Girme Balasaheb , Vijay Bhavare Vandana , Vinayak Bhagde Rupendra , Seema Sachin Borgave
Published: September 2022

The uncontrolled growth of cells in body often results in metastasis of overgrown tissue into other parts of the body. This medical condition is known as cancer. Angiogenesis, formation of new blood vessels from the preexisting ones, plays an immense role in supporting development and progression of cancer by providing oxygen and nutrients to these abnormally dividing cells. Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos is a wellknown model system to study angiogenesis and for identification of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic molecules. Recently, Ranitidine, a commonly used antacid, has been banned in many countries due to its potential carcinogenic activity. Nitrosodimethylamine is thought to be the main contaminant and reason for this activity of Ranitidine. To our knowledge, this is the first report that evaluated the angiogenic potential of Ranitidine using chick embryo CAM model. Our preliminary observations demonstrate significant angiogenic activity of Ranitidine which may impart carcinogenic potential to it
Evaluation of Water Quality in Thrissur-Malappuram Kole Wetlands of Kerala using Water Quality Index
Authors: C.A. Parvathy , K. John Vimala , M.P. Meharban
Published: September 2022

This study assessed water quality of Kole wetlands in Thrissur-Malappuram which serves as a natural water reservoir. The Kole wetland water samples were collected from the four study areas and the chemical parameters were analysed. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was computed by weighted arithmetic index method. The WQI and possible usage of each category was analysed. It was observed that WQI of the site-1 and site-3 indicated “very poor” and “poor” water quality status, respectively. The site-2 represented very good status in water quality index and the site-4 indicated high pollution regarding WQI status and categorised as “unfit for consumption” and need proper treatment before use
Implications of Certain Biochemical Metabolites and Meta-analysis on the Fish Liza parsia (Hamilton, 1822) with Isopod Parasite Norileca indica
Authors: Babu K.  , Ravichandran S.
Published: September 2022

Liza parsia (Goldspot Mullet) is an important fishery resource in estuarine areas. This fish is in high demand among the local consumers due to its affordability in price and deliciousness. Unfortunately, this fish population is also highly affected by crustacean isopod parasites. One of the most important parasites is Nerolica indica which causes economic loss to fishermen. The mechanical damages to parasitized fish and secondary biochemical metabolites in the diseased fish will cause serious complications to consumers. The obligate isopod ectoparasites vary in size, and many of them continue their complete or partial life cycle in the host and affect the host's anatomy and physiology. The isopod parasites attach to the body surface, buccal cavity, and branchial cavity. These surface-attached parasites scratch the skin and feed on the blood; buccal cavity parasites often cut the tongue and replace it; the brachial cavity parasites harbour between the gills and make a serious effect on fish respiration. The affected fish loses its weight and body fluid continuously and eventually dies. The aim of this study was primarily to assess the biochemical variations between healthy and parasite-infested fish. A significant reduction in total proteins, glucose, and cholesterol levels were observed in the infected fish. The monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) of parasitized fish were also significantly reduced when compared to non-parasitized fish. The objective of this study was to analyse these biochemical metabolite’s variations and critically assess the metabolites roles in the physiology and biochemistry of the infected fish.
Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Property of Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica L)
Authors: Saroja Preethy , Anbuselvi
Published: September 2022

Chia (Salvia hispanica) is an annual herbaceous plant that belong to the Lamiaceace family. It is a medicinal and dietary plant species used since ancient times. There are various essential micronutrients including minerals and vitamins in the diet which play vital roles in maintaining and reinforcing antioxidant performance affecting the complex network of genes and encoding proteins for carcinogenesis. Present study is an attempt to evaluate the antioxidant property and cytotoxicity activity of chia seeds against human breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity assay revealed that chia seeds inhibited the growth of breast cancer cell lines in a dose dependent manner. Thus chia seed can be used as a therapeutic option in breast cancer cells. However, further studies are warranted to substantiate the current findings.
Histological Investigation of Cyclic Variation in Secretory Activity of Seminal Vesicles in Emballonurid Bat, Taphozous kacchensis (Dobson)
Authors: Sandeep Bande , Archana Nerkar , Sudhir Bhandarkar
Published: September 2022

The present study describes the cyclical changes in the secretory activity of the seminal vesicle in the emballonurid bat, Taphozous kacchensis. The secretory activity in the seminal vesicles during the quiescence cycle was not well marked in T. kacchensis. During the sexually quiescent period (May to August), seminal vesicles were regressed, the tubules were lined by cuboidal to low columnar epithelial cells with round to elongated darkly stained basally to centrally placed nuclei. Cytoplasm was basophilic containing fine or coarse secretory granules in the cytoplasm. The lumina of the tubules were devoid of secretion. During the pre-breeding (September to January) period, the tubules were enlarged and were lined by tall columnar epithelial cells with large spherical basally situated nucleus. The secretory blebs were seen arising from the apical surface of the cells and were seen releasing into the lumen. Lumina of the tubules were filled with homogenous eosinophilic secretion. During the breeding period (February to March), the seminal vesicle showed hypertrophy resulting in the increase in the tubular diameter as compared to that of quiescent period. The epithelial lining of the tubules was cuboidal with centrally placed nuclei. The tubular lumina were full of homogenous secretion during active pre-breeding and breeding period as the secretory material released into the lumen by both apocrine and merocrine modes. Regressive changes in the seminal vesicle were evident from April. The tubules showed gradual hypotrophy as the quiescent period approaches in May.
Histopathological Changes in the Liver of Indian Major Carp, Catla catla Caught from Uppanar River Water, Cuddalore, India
Authors: Rajmohan K.  , Vijayan P.
Published: September 2022

Heavy metal contamination of Uppanar River aquatic ecosystem has been recognized as a serious pollution problem. When fish are exposed to elevated levels of heavy metals in a polluted aquatic ecosystem, they take these metals from their environment. In the present investigation, adult live specimens of edible Indian major carp, Catla catla were procured from Uppanar River, Cuddalore District from January to December 2020, Liver were processed for heavy metals estimation and histopathological studies. Liver showed accumulation of heavy metals in Catla catla. In liver the content of toxic heavy metals were found in the order-- zinc ˃ lead ˃ copper ˃ cadmium ˃ manganese˃ chromium ˃ nickel ˃ arsenic.
Studies on Conservation Status of Freshwater Fishes in Palani Hills, Western Ghats, South India
Authors: Kalaimani S.  , Kandeepan C.
Published: September 2022

The species diversity, ecology, and ensemble architecture of 10 rivers inside the southern Western Ghats was studied. Sixty freshwater fish were recorded from the study area, belonging to 1 order, 3 families, and 6 genera. The groundwater resources evaluation was carried out to learn more about alive bio-ecological scenario of freshwater creeks and sea creature. Palani hills water flows harm bio-ecological situation of Palani hills, inhabiting freshwater fishes and biodiversity. There is need of increased general awareness about the importance of river ecology as well as its unique species of fish amongst local populations in order to maintain the important environment for future generations.
Animal Diversity in the British Residency, Hyderabad (Telangana), India
Authors: Neeraja B.
Published: September 2022

The flora and the fauna of a particular ecosystem, along with biotic and abiotic factors coordinate together, to form life. The economics and richness of a nation, relies upon its biodiversity. Rich biodiversity contributes to good agriculture and development of successful pharmaceutical industries. Maintaining rich biodiversity is key for sustenance of life on planet earth. Rapid urbanization, human interference and excessive mining activities, have cost heavily, upon the existence of flora and fauna, which has either caused transient disappearance of certain species, or at times led to total extinction. Not many studies, are documented about rich animal diversity of British residency of Hyderabad, which is located amidst buzzing hustle of urban activities. This monument dates back to year 1803, and due to its sprawling green landscape in the campus, it houses many rare flora and fauna. The present study was an attempt to collect, identify and analyze the diverse animal species in British residency of Hyderabad, India. The study has revealed the presence of different species of insects, birds and mammals. The maintenance and preservation of rich biodiversity of animal species, in British residency may be attributed to maintenance of greenery in the campus and there is not much of destruction of trees thereby preserving their precious habitat and creating a conducive atmosphere for coexistence of distinct fauna.
Effect of Anthropogenic Pressure on Distribution and Burrow Morphology of the Brachyuran Crab, Dotilla blanfordi Alcock, 1900 (Decapoda: Brachyura) Inhabiting Mudflats of North Western India
Authors: Bharti S. Desai , Padaya M.  , Krupal J. Patel , Jigneshkumar N. Trivedi
Published: September 2022

Coastal regions are one of the most crucial ecosystems as they support biology of numerous vertebrate and invertebrate taxa which provide economic aid to mankind. Monitoring of the natural resources of the coasts and to test the ecological impact of human disturbance therefore becomes necessary. The present study was conducted from 26th January to 18th February 2019 to investigate the effect of anthropogenic impacts on the population (burrow density, distribution and size) and burrow characteristics (burrow length, depth, inclination angle, weight and volume) of Dotilla blanfordi Alcock, 1900. Total eight sandy beaches of Gujarat and Maharashtra states of India were examined. The beaches were categorised into pristine, moderately impacted or heavily impacted sites on the basis of various levels of anthropogenic pressures. It was found that the burrow density was observed maximum at the low impacted sites (Tithal --21.11±13.53; Dandi site-2 --20.66±11.23), as compared to the moderately impacted sites (Umargam-- 16.11±21.62; Gorai-- 20±10.77; Uran-- 7.11±10.99) and heavily impacted sites (Kuda-- 5.11±14.24; Koliyak-- 1.56±2.01; Dandi site 1-- 11.78±8.27). The crabs built simple burrows in heavily impacted sites as compared to the complex burrows in the moderately affected and pristine sites. Burrow weight and burrow volume showed significant variation across all study sites as compared to other morphological traits. The results inferred that anthropogenic stress can directly influence the distribution and burrow morphology of Dotilla blanfordi. The results also suggested utility of D. blanfordi as an indicator species for effective coastal management but the outcomes would benefit with a comprehensive study of environmental as well as ecological characters.
Water Status of Sindphana Dam Near Shirur Kasar, Dist. Beed (M.S), India
Authors: T.S. Pathan , S.E. Shinde
Published: September 2022

Water is one of the most amazing compounds in nature and consists of two common elements hydrogen and oxygen. Water plays an important role in environmental ecosystems. It acts as an universal solvent for many more compounds than any other liquid providing ionic balance and nutrients, which support life. The present study deals with the Physico-chemical properties, seasonal variation, correlation coefficient, and water quality assessment of Sindphana Dam near Shirur Kasar, Dist. Beed [M.S] India, analyzed from January - December 2012. The results indicated that the condition of the dam in different seasons showed fluctuations in Physico-chemical parameters; with the help of this understanding, the water quality of the dam and the correlation coefficient show a highly significant positive and negative relationship (p<0.01) and also a significant positive and negative relationship (p<0.05) when these parameters are correlated with the different seasons. Correlation coefficients are used to measure the strength of the association between parameters.