bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Model Generation of Test Frames for Pre-launch Studies of EarthCARE’s Retrieval Algorithms and Data Management System
Authors: Qu Zhipeng , Donovan David P. , Barker Howard W. , Cole Jason N. S. , Shephard Mark W. , Huijnen Vincent
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite consists of active and passive sensors whose observations will be acted on by an array of retrieval algorithms. Earth-CARE’s retrieval algorithms have undergone pre-launch verifications within a virtual observing system that consists of 3D atmosphere-surface data produced by the Global Environmental Multi-scale (GEM) NWP model, and instrument simulators that when applied to NWP data yield syn-thetic observations for EarthCARE’s four sensors. Retrieval algorithms operate on the synthetic observations and their estimates go into radiative transfer models that produce top-of-atmosphere solar and thermal broadband radiative quantities, which are compared to synthetic broadband measurements thus mimicking EarthCARE’s radiative closure assessment. Three high-resolution test frames were simulated; each measures ~6,200 km along-track by 200 km across-track. Hori-zontal grid-spacing is 250 m and there are 57 atmospheric layers up to 10 mb. The frames span wide ranges of conditions and extend over: i) Greenland to The Caribbean crossing a cold front off Nova Scotia; ii) Nunavut to Baja California crossing over Colorado’s Rooky Mountains; and iii) central equatorial Pacific Ocean that includes a mesoscale convective system. This report discusses how the test frames were produced and presents their key geophysical features. All data are publicly available and, owing to their high-resolution, could be used to simulate observations for other measurement systems.
Local environmental context drives heterogeneity of early succession dynamics in alpine glacier forefields
Authors: Bayle Arthur , Carlson Bradley Z. , Zimmer Anaïs , Vallée Sophie , Rabatel Antoine , Cremonese Edoardo , Filippa Gianluca , Dentant Cédric , Randin Christophe , Mainetti Andrea , Roussel Erwan , Gascoin Simon , Corenblit Dov , Choler Philippe
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Glacier forefields have long provided ecologists with a model to study patterns of plant succession following glacier retreat. While plant survey-based approaches applied along chronosequences provide invaluable information on plant communities, the “space-for-time” approach assumes environmental uniformity and equal ecological potential across sites and does not account for spatial variability in initial site conditions. Remote sensing provides a promising avenue for assessing plant colonisation dynamics using a so-called “real-time” approach. Here, we combined 36 years of Landsat imagery with extensive field sampling along chronosequences of deglaciation for eight glacier forefields in the south-western European Alps to investigate the heterogeneity of early plant succession dynamics. Based on the two complementary and independent approaches, we found strong variability in the time lag between deglaciation and colonisation by plants and in subsequent growth rates, and in the composition of early plant succession. All three parameters were highly dependent on the local environmental context, i.e., local vegetation surrounding the forefields and energy availability linked to temperature and snowmelt gradients. Potential geomorphological disturbance did not emerge as a strong predictor of succession parameters, perhaps due to insufficient spatial resolution of predictor variables. Notably, elapsed time since deglaciation showed no consistent relationship to plant assemblages, i.e., we did not identify a consistent order of successional species across forefields as a function of time. Overall, both approaches converged towards the conclusion that early plant succession is not stochastic as previous authors have suggested but rather deterministic. We discuss the importance of scale in deciphering the unique complexity of plant succession in glacier forefields and provide recommendations for improving botanical field surveys and using Landsat time series in glacier forefields systems. Our work demonstrates complementarity between remote sensing and field-based approaches for both understanding and predicting future patterns of plant succession in glacier forefields.
Not just crop or forest: building an integrated land cover map for agricultural and natural areas
Authors: Kammerer Melanie , Iverson Aaron L. , Li Kevin , Goslee Sarah C.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Due to our increasing understanding of the role the surrounding landscape plays in ecological processes, a detailed characterization of land cover, including both agricultural and natural habitats, is ever more important for both researchers and conservation practitioners. Unfortunately, in the United States, different types of land cover data are split across thematic datasets that emphasize agricultural or natural vegetation, but not both. To address this data gap and reduce duplicative efforts in geospatial processing, we merged two major datasets, the LANDFIRE National Vegetation Classification (NVC) and USDA-NASS Cropland Data Layer (CDL), to produce an integrated land cover map. Our workflow leveraged strengths of the NVC and the CDL to produce detailed rasters comprising both agricultural and natural land-cover classes. We generated these maps for each year from 2012–2021 for the conterminous United States, quantified agreement between input layers and accuracy of our merged product and published the complete workflow necessary to update these data. In our validation analyses, we found that approximately 5.5 % of NVC agricultural pixels conflicted with the CDL, but we resolved most of these conflicts based on surrounding agricultural land, leaving only 0.6 % of agricultural pixels unresolved in our merged product. These ready-to-use rasters characterizing both agricultural and natural land cover will be widely useful in environmental research and management.
Implementation of a new crop phenology and irrigation scheme in the ISBA land surface model using SURFEX_v8.1
Authors: Druel Arsène , Munier Simon , Mucia Anthony , Albergel Clément , Calvet Jean-Christophe
Published: November 2022

Abstract. With an increase in the number of natural processes represented, global land surface models (LSMs) have become more and more accurate in representing natural terrestrial ecosystems. However, they are still limited with respect to the impact of agriculture on land surface variables. This is particularly true for agro-hydrological processes related to a strong human control on freshwater. While many LSMs consider natural processes only, the development of human-related processes, e.g. crop phenology and irrigation in LSMs, is key. In this study, we present the implementation of a new crop phenology and irrigation scheme in the ISBA (interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere) LSM. This highly flexible scheme is designed to account for various configurations and can be applied at different spatial scales. For each vegetation type within a model grid cell, three irrigation systems can be used at the same time. A limited number of parameters are used to control (1) the amount of water used for irrigation, (2) irrigation triggering (based on the soil moisture stress), and (3) crop seasonality (emergence and harvesting). A case study is presented over Nebraska (USA). This region is chosen for its high irrigation density and because independent observations of irrigation practices can be used to verify the simulated irrigation amounts. The ISBA simulations with and without the new crop phenology and irrigation scheme are compared to different satellite-based observations. The comparison shows that the irrigation scheme improves the simulated vegetation variables such as leaf area index, gross primary productivity, and land surface temperature. In addition to a better representation of land surface processes, the results point to potential applications of this new version of the ISBA model for water resource monitoring and climate change impact studies.
Actuator line model using simplified force calculation methods
Authors: Navarro Diaz Gonzalo Pablo , Otero Alejandro Daniel , Asmuth Henrik , Sørensen Jens Nørkær , Ivanell Stefan
Published: November 2022

Abstract. To simulate transient wind turbine wake interaction problems using limited wind turbine data, two new variants of the actuator line technique are proposed in which the rotor blade forces are computed locally using generic load data. The proposed models, which are extensions of the actuator disc force models proposed by Navarro Diaz et al. (2019a) and Sørensen et al. (2020), only demand thrust and power coefficients and the tip speed ratio as input parameters. In the paper it is shown the analogy between the Actuator Disc Method (ADM) and the Actuator Line Method (ALM) and from this derive a simple methodology to implement local forces in the ALM without the need for knowledge of blade geometry and local airfoil data. Two simplified variants of ALMs are proposed, an analytical one based on Sørensen et al. (2020) and a numerical one based on Navarro Diaz et al. (2019a). The proposed models are compared to the ADM, using analogous data, as well as to the classical ALM based on blade element theory, which provides more detailed force distributions by using airfoil data. To evaluate the local force calculation, the analysis of a partial wake interaction case between two wind turbines is carried out for an uniform laminar inflow and for a turbulent neutral atmospheric boundary layer inflow. The computations are performed using the Large Eddy Simulation facility in OpenFOAM, including SOWFA libraries and the reference NREL 5MW wind turbine as test case. In the single turbine case, computed normal and tangential force distributions along the blade showed a very good agreement between the employed models. The two new ALMs exhibited the same distribution as the ALM based on geometry and airfoil data, with minor differences due to the particular tip correction needed in the ALM. For the challenging partially impacted wake case, the analytical and numerical approaches manage both to correctly capture the force distribution at the different regions of the rotor area, with, however, a consistent overestimation of the normal force outside the wake and an underestimation inside the wake. The analytical approach shows a slightly better performance in wake impact cases compared to the numerical one. As expected, the ALMs gave a much more detailed prediction of the higher frequency power output fluctuations than the ADM. These promising findings open the possibility to simulate commercial wind farms in transient inflows using ALM, without having to get access to actual wind turbine and airfoil data, which in most cases are restricted due to confidentiality.
OZONE CONTENT OVER THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2022
Authors:   Central Aerological Observatory, IVANOVA N.S. , KUZNETSOVA I.N. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, LEZINA E.A. ,   State Environmental Budgetary Institution “Mosecomonitoring”
Published: November 2022

The review is based on the results of operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring system over the CIS and Baltic countries, operating in the operational mode at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses data from the domestic network of M-124 filter ozonometers, operating under the methodological guidance of the Main Geophysical Observatory; the quality of the entire system is operatively controlled in the Central Administrative District by comparison with the observational data made with the help of the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, USA). The main TO observational data for each month of the first quarter of 2022 and for the quarter as a whole are summarized. The results of regular measurements of ground-level ozone carried out in the Moscow region are also summarized.
APPLICATION OF THE COSMO-RU SYSTEM FOR AIRCRAFT ICING PREDICTION OVER THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AREA
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, IVANOVA A.R. , SKRIPTUNOVA E.N. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, KOMAS'KO N.I. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, ZAV'YALOVA A.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2022

A method is proposed for in-flight icing prediction up to 12 hours based on the output of the COSMO-Ru configuration of the COSMO model with a grid step of 6.6 km for the Russian Federation area. The calculation of the simplified forecast icing potential (SFIP) using model microphysics data versus AIREP Speci information allowed determining a threshold value of SFIP ≥ 0.2, the exceeding of which is an icing criterion. A good agreement was found between the icing zones obtained by SFIP and the areas identified according to the condition -16°C ≤ T ≤ 0°C, RH ≥ 85%. To distinguish severe icing, it is proposed to use the values of model liquid water content exceeding 0.4 g/kg.
LEVELS AND NATURE OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE SURFACE WATER SUSPENSION AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE KERCH STRAIT
Authors:   Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, NEMIROVSKAYA I.A. , ZAV'YALOV P.O. ,   Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, KONOVALOV B.V. ,   Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2022

The results of studying the concentration and composition of hydrocarbons in the suspension of surface water and in the surface layer of bottom sediments in the Kerch Strait in July 2020 in comparison with 2019 and with earlier studies in other regions of the Black Sea are presented. Despite the high concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons (especially in the water of the strait (on average 78 μg/L) and in coarse-grained sediments (47 μg/g)), the composition of alkanes did not correspond to the oil composition due to the rapid transformation of petroleum aliphatic hydrocarbons. The factor analysis revealed that the pollution has two sources: the main, pyrogenic (from transport) and, to a lesser extent, the oil one.
ANALYSIS OF WIND AND WAVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CASPIAN SEA BASED ON REANALYSIS DATA
Authors:   Institute of Geography of Azerbaijan, Academy of Sciences, IMRANI Z. , SAFAROV S. ,   Institute of Geography of Azerbaijan, Academy of Sciences, SAFAROV E. ,   Institute of Geography of Azerbaijan, Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2022

The article considers the nature of the spatiotemporal distribution of the frequency of winds of different directions in the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea based on the data for 2003-2008. It also analyzes the frequency and occurrence of winds of different speeds, including storms, for individual observation points. Some statistical characteristics of windstorms for individual points are provided. The study has compiled a calibration curve, which provides assessing the stormy situation in the analyzed sector of the Caspian Sea based on the reanalysis data.
ASSESSMENT OF POSSIBLE PRECIPITATION ENHANCEMENT BY GLACIOGENIC CLOUD SEEDING USING WRF: A CASE STUDY
Authors:   Yazd University, POURGHASEMI M.A. , MEMARIAN M.H. ,   Yazd University, ZARE A. ,   University of California Berkeley
Published: November 2022

The effects of airborne silver iodide (AgI) glaciogenic cloud seeding on the ice nucleation process and enhancement of orographic precipitation is evaluated using the aerosol-aware Thompson-Eidhammer microphysics scheme. The scheme is coupled to the GOCART aerosol model and implemented into the WRF model. Applying the scheme, which takes into account the aerosols serving as ice nuclei, enables the WRF to explicitly predict the effects of changes in aerosol number concentration on the precipitation formation. The selected seeding project was conducted in March 2015 over the Shirkouh Mountain in the center of Iran. The results show that the increased number of aerosols increased the updraft and downdraft, as well as the clouded volume. Therefore, depending on the relative humidity in the upper levels the airborne cloud-seeding operation is simulated to increase or decrease surface precipitation. Simulation data show that the 24-hour accumulated precipitation increased to 9.52% downwind of where AgI particles were released. However, the simulated seeding outcome for the southern regions is a 4.1% decrease in precipitation.
PROPAGATION OF CONVECTIVE STORMS
Authors:   Special Service for Weather Modification of the Republic of Moldova, PLYUSNIN S.D. , GARABA I.A. ,   Special Service for Weather Modification of the Republic of Moldova, POPOVA V.P. ,   Special Service for Weather Modification of the Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2022

Based on the principles of the hydrodynamic flow around a solid body, including rotating one, the mechanisms of convective storm evolution are considered. The origin of sources of the arrival of the resource to the storm, as well as the pattern of its assimilation are refined. The possibilities of the formalized indication of the storm propagation are shown.
CLOUD SEEDING FOR IMPROVING WEATHER IN MEGALOPOLISES
Authors:   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, KORNEEV V.P. , KOLOSKOV B.P. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, BYCHKOV A.A. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, PETRUNIN A.M. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, CHASTUKHIN A.V. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies
Published: November 2022

Some results of activities on improving weather conditions (weather protection) in megacities by cloud seeding are presented. The main tasks of the activities were to dissipate clouds and reduce or stop precipitation in the protected area during political, cultural, and sport events. In accordance to the methodological guidelines, four seeding methods are recommended depending on synoptic conditions: the dissipation of stratiform cloudiness; the initiation of premature precipitation on the windward side of the protected area by cloud seeding to form the precipitation “shadow”; the intense seeding (“overseeding”) of precipitation-forming clouds moving toward the protected area to reduce the efficiency of precipitation formation in them; the dissipation of deep cumulonimbus clouds by the dynamic method. To perform weather protection operations, up to 12 aircraft equipped with measuring equipment necessary for seeding, the “ground-air-ground” data communication system, and cloud seeding means were used. Liquid nitrogen, solid carbon dioxide, silver iodide, and coarse powder were used as reagents for cloud seeding. Ground-based automated weather radar systems were used to control aviation operations and to monitor the results of the seeding. The results of more than 100 large-scale operations on the creation of favorable weather conditions performed in various regions of Russia and neighboring countries indicate the efficiency of the methods and technical means of cloud seeding developed in the USSR and Russia for the artificial precipitation control.
PROSPECTS OF USING GROUND-BASED GENERATORS IN CLOUD SEEDING
Authors:   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, BYCHKOV A.A. , PETRUNIN A.M. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, CHASTUKHIN A.V. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, ANTONOV S.V. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, DVOEGLAZOV S.M. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies, PLATONOV N.A. ,   Agency of Atmospheric Technologies
Published: November 2022

The paper focuses on ground-based aerosol generators, which become increasingly often used in the world practice of cloud seeding to control precipitation and prevent hailstorms. The results of theoretical and experimental estimates of the reagent distribution in the atmospheric boundary layer during the operation of ground-based aerosol generators are given. It is shown that the concentration of silver iodide recorded in the atmosphere was above background values to a height of 1200 m at distances from 3 to 9 km from the generator installation site. The results of the experiment on the precipitation enhancement in the Republic of Crimea demonstrated that when clouds passed over generators, the height of their tops, their maximum reflectivity, and precipitation intensity increased, which indicates a positive effect of generators on clouds. Conclusions are made about the prospects of using ground-based aerosol generators as a complement to the aircraft method, especially when seeding clouds at night and in the regions with mountain terrain.
A Conformer Based Automated Speech Recognition for Armenian Language
Authors: Karamyan Davit , Karamyan Tigran
Published: November 2022

The article is aimed to represent Armenian automated speech recognition model and its applications in different fields of economy. Because of the lack of Armenian speech corpora, in this article we fine-tuned the voice recognition and text symbol generating parts using a Conformer pre-trained model and a compact Armenian language model. The article focuses the attention of readers on the problem of recognizing human speech and transforming it to a text, especially for non-mainstream languages. The paper is prepared with scientific abstraction and a combined analysis of many recent implementations of the discussed approach. The sources' credibility, relevance and authenticity have been confirmed by their extensive research. As to conclude, though it is pretty challenging to develop ASR model for non-mainstream languages, it was proven that the employment of Conformerbased transformers in conjunction with language models is effective for Armenian speech recognition. It was also proven that the technique employed in this article is applicable for other languages too, with some adjustments.
The Stages of Implementation of the Policy of Ethnic Cleansing and Genocide of Armenians in the Eastern Cis-Caucasus (11th-20th cc.) (Continuation of the Third Part)
Authors: Stepanyan Gevorg
Published: November 2022

The aim of the article is to present the motives and implementation stages of ethnic
cleansing and genocidal policy perpetrated towards the indigenous Armenian population during the 11th-20th centuries in the Eastern Cis-Caucasus – in the territory stretching from the Kur Valley to the Apsheron Peninsula, on the basis of various primary sources (archival documents, statistical materials, periodical press, theme related literature).
The work is written by a combined examination of facts, applying the principles of
historical investigation and historical-comparative analysis. The level of reliability and
validity of the sources through their comprehensive study has been verified.
Through the combination of facts the following phases of the history of the main
issue are presented: the policy of ethnic cleansing and genocide of Armenians in the
Eastern Cis-Caucasus were still implemented in the 11th-18th centuries when the region
regularly appeared under the invasions and dominion of various conquering nomadic
tribes (Turk-Seljuks, Mongol-Tatars, Tamerlane, nomadic Turkmen tribes of Kara-Koyunlu
and Ak-Koyunlu, Kizilbash invasions followed by the Turkish-Persian wars, Sunni Lezgins, invasions of Nader Shah and Agha Mohammad Khan). As a result, some part of
the Armenian population was deported and left native lands or forcedly accepted the
Muslim religion of the conquerers. The next phase of ethnic cleansing and atrocities was the period of the Armenian-Tatar clashes (1905-1906). Later, the policy of ethnic
cleansing and genocide was implemented at state level already during the Musavat
regime of the artificial “Azerbaijan” formation (1918-1920), and finally during the Soviet
regime (1920-1990).
The article substantiates the fact that the indigenous Armenian population of the
region was subjected to ethnic cleansing and genocide in its cradle, just as the Young
Turks carried out the extermination of the Western Armenians in 1915-1916 in Western
Armenia. Therefore, that policy should be qualified as the continuation and a constituent part of the Armenian Genocide, because the Armenian Genocide with its geographical coverage (from Western Armenia and other Armenian-inhabited territories of the Ottoman Empire to Baku) was a consequence of the implementation of the complete program of Pan-Turkism.
There are numerous references to the issue in the historical literature, though the
comprehensive study of ethnic cleansing and genocidal policies of Armenians in the
Eastern Cis-Caucasus – in the territory stretching from the Kur Valley to the Apsheron
Peninsula, has not been the subject of a separate study.
¿Caminando sobre un volcán? Religión y política en Israel: la utilización del texto bíblico como argumento
Authors: López Alonso Carmen
Published: November 2022

La Biblia ocupa un lugar central en la historia de Israel.  Este ensayo estudia la evolución de las apelaciones a la Biblia y su instrumentalización en el proceso de construcción nacional israelí, tanto en el periodo preestatal como en las primeras décadas del estado. Las tensiones teóricas y prácticas que se derivan de la utilización secular de un texto religioso trascienden el caso concreto de la Biblia e Israel y reenvían a los debates políticos y religiosos que están en el origen de la construcción de los estados modernos y del concepto de soberanía nacional y democracia parlamentaria y que siguen presentes en la actualidad.
Diabetes mellitus y cáncer: relación, factores de riesgo, interacción entre tratamientos, pronóstico y manejo clínico
Authors: Espot García Clara , García Valverde Alfonso
Published: November 2022

La diabetes mellitus y el cáncer son dos enfermedades que en ocasiones coexisten y cuya incidencia y prevalencia van en aumento. Ambas se consideran enfermedades multifactoriales y, por tanto, implican factores tanto genéticos como ambientales. En este sentido, varios estudios han determinado que la diabetes mellitus es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de ciertos tumores sólidos como el cáncer de colon, el de páncreas, el de hígado o el de mama. Sin embargo, el mecanismo molecular que relaciona ambas enfermedades no ha sido totalmente dilucidado. Algunos fármacos antineoplásicos causan, como efecto secundario, una situación de hiperglucemia. Además, algunos de estos fármacos pueden empeorar algunas de las complicaciones clínicas asociadas a la diabetes mellitus. Por todo ello, es fundamental que el tratamiento y seguimiento de estos pacientes se aborde por un equipo multidisciplinar.
Recomendaciones de antiagregación en personas con diabetes mellitus
Authors: Orozco Beltrán Domingo , Bertomeu González Vicente
Published: November 2022

El uso de la antiagregación tiene su beneficio demostrado en pacientes en prevención secundaria cardiovascular. Según el estudio EUROASPIRE, en Europa el grado de utilización de ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) en estos pacientes alcanza el 94 %. En prevención primaria se debate su utilidad, incluso con factores importantes de riesgo cardiovascular como la diabetes mellitus (DM). Según el mencionado estudio EUROASPIRE, su uso en personas con DM en prevención primaria fue del 28 %
XXXIII Congreso de la SED 2022 en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
Authors: Sanz Vela Noelia
Published: November 2022

El pasado 27 de abril dio comienzo el XXXIII Congreso de la SED 2022 en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, en modalidad presencial. Durante tres días de congreso se presentaron 40 sesiones, incluidas actividades precongreso, conferencias plenarias, mesas redondas, encuentros con expertos y actividades por parte de la industria. Entre los temas más destacados se presentaron mesas con las últimas novedades tecnológicas, sobre alimentación, ejercicio, habilidades de comunicación, riesgo cardiovascular, tratamiento en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), e insuficiencia cardiaca en diabetes.
De cómo la serendipia y la investigación traslacional han revolucionado el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus y de otras enfermedades
Authors: Jódar Gimeno Esteban
Published: November 2022

Si bien es cierto que las casualidades parecen haber permitido el desarrollo de algunos aspectos relevantes de la medicina a lo largo de los siglos, no es sino gracias a un trabajo previo de observación profunda, razonamiento científico y análisis metódico los constituyentes del impulso de esa aparente serendipia. Abordaremos aquí el concepto de investigación traslacional y su importancia en el avance de la terapéutica en diabetes mellitus. Este aspecto traslacional se entiende como un generador recíproco de avances clínicos pragmáticos desde la ciencia básica, y viceversa, con un resultado final: la innovación en beneficio del paciente.
Tipos de insulina
Authors: Ortega Millán Carlos
Published: November 2022

Es básico y fundamental conocer, para el manejo terapéutico de la insulina, los diferentes tipos que en el momento actual disponemos en el mercado , conociendo su perfil de acción (inicio, pico máximo y duración) que nos lleve a saber cuál utilizar y cuándo.
Educación terapéutica
Authors: Álvarez Hermida Ángeles Beatriz , Sanz Vela Noelia
Published: November 2022

La educación terapéutica (ET) tiene como objetivo capacitar a las personas con diabetes en el autocuidado de la enfermedad, fomentando su aprendizaje. Debe ser un proceso continuo e integral, iniciado con la ET básica, que debe recibir toda persona con diabetes al inicio de la insulinizacion. Una vez afianzados los conceptos básicos, y siempre que sea posible, profundizaremos conocimientos en un programa de ET avanzada para mejorar el control de la enfermedad. La ET básica requiere de una estructura y un tiempo de aprendizaje. En general se aconseja un mínimo de tres días o sesiones. El paciente debe adquirir destrezas en una adecuada técnica de inyección, conservación de la insulina, autocontrol, autoanálisis, manejo de la hipoglucemia, importancia de generar adherencia a la terapia nutricional mediante un plan de alimentación personalizado, así como una prescripción de ejercicio físico individualizado. Una vez asimilados e implementados los conocimientos básicos, plantearemos un programa de ET avanzada en procesos más complejos como la modificación y ajuste de insulina, contaje de raciones, titulación de dosis de insulina según ejercicio físico, actuación en enfermedad intercurrente o viajes.
Sistemas de monitorización de la glucemia intersticial
Authors: Navarro-Pérez Jorge , Kaiser Girardot Sybille
Published: November 2022

Los sistemas de monitorización de la glucemia intersticial (sistemas de monitorización continua de glucosa y de monitorización flash de glucosa), frente a los medidores convencionales de glucemia capilar, miden la glucemia intersticial de forma continua y son capaces de analizar la tendencia de la concentración de glucosa en los últimos minutos, existiendo software que permite analizar la información de forma comprensible y sencilla.
Casos clínicos
Authors: Cuatrecasas Cambra Gabriel
Published: November 2022

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de larga evolución suele requerir tratamientos más complejos, entre ellos la insulina; estos pacientes suelen atenderse en atención primaria, surgiendo muchas situaciones particulares. Nos encontramos a menudo con pacientes con escasa educación diabetológica, polimedicados, con dificultades para desplazarse y que precisan de un acompañamiento médico más continuado. En los siguientes casos clínicos comentaremos algunas situaciones frecuentes, como serían el uso de corticoides, el control de las hipoglucemias y las fluctuaciones recurrentes de glucemia, donde los informes proporcionados por los sensores flash de glucosa permiten aportar la información clave. Suelen ser pacientes con multidosis de insulina que requieren de un control más exhaustivo y coordinado entre profesionales.
SELECTED ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS IN CADET, JUNIOR AND SENIOR NATIONAL TEAMS OF SLOVENIA
Authors: Zadražnik Marko
Published: November 2022

Certain morphological characteristics and motor abilities are systematically monitored in Slovenian volleyball teams of different age categories. The study aimed to determine selected anthropometric dimensions and the body composition of 46 members of the cadet, junior and senior women’s volleyball national teams. Anthropometric characteristics were measured using the NX-16 [TC]2 3D-technology for body scanning. Body height was measured using an anthropometer, body mass was weighed using scales, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. By using an electrical bioimpedance (EBI) Inbody 720 tetrapolar, 8-point electrode system (Biospace Co., Ltd.), we established percentages of skeletal muscle mass and fat mass as well as body water percentage. The differences among the results for female volleyball players of various categories in terms of body height and body mass are small. Likewise, the body composition results are similar in all three age categories. We also investigated whether the results of anthropometric variables of the upper body differ statistically significantly among individual categories. We identified statistically significant differences between cadet women and senior women in terms of right forearm circumference (p = 0.04). Cadet women (24,62 cm) have a smaller forearm circumference than senior women (25,08 cm). Statistically significant differences were also established between cadet women and junior women in terms of right upper arm circumference (p = 0.03). Junior women have a statistically significantly larger left upper arm circumference. No statistical significance was recorded with respect to other variables. The results obtained are generally similar to those from studies by other authors.
Translating inclusion for students with visual impairment and special educational needs in French-speaking Belgian school organizations
Authors: Dubois-Shaik Farah
Published: November 2022

The policy implementation of “reasonable adjustments”, a recent education inclusion policy that requires regular school and school governance to accommodate students with special needs, places the responsibility on several key actors, who become important gatekeepers in the process of enabling educational access (Charlier et al., 2019) to regular schooling and opportunities to students with special educational needs (Verhoeven & Dubois-Shaik, 2021). This paper tries to reveal through discursive policy and narrative analysis (Czarniawska, 2004), how the inclusion policy is translated (Callon, 1987; Dubois & Vranken, 2012) for including a student with visual impairment in a regular secondary school. These sensitive negotiations take place in what we identify in this paper as a soft policy (Lawn, 2009).
THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL FOR EMPLOYMENT GROWTH: A CASE STUDY OF HEIS IN JAMSHORO EDUCATION CITY
Authors: Sajjad Hyder Channar, Shazia A. Jatoi, Waqar A. Sethar
Published: November 2022

The scope and purpose of this paper is to examine the influence and extent of human capital on the employment growth. Such measurement is taken from the higher educational Institutes (HEIs) as empirical evidence. The paper would measure the important factors of the human capital such as education, training and experience as the basic catalysts for the formation of the human capital and when it’s utilized in organized manner it’s incidence on the employment opportunities at micro level and on economy at macro level. Quantitative method is used for this paper, because the aim is to classify features, count them, and construct analysis in an attempt to explain what is observed during the research. It is found that whether it is the general or specific human capital, there should be an urgency to develop customized (need based) skills and competencies to cater the needs of certain industries. It is further transpired that the blend of general (education) and specific (training & experience) human capital ensures the positive growth of employment, as both these factors complement each other.
INVESTIGATING UNIVERSITY LEARNERS’ BELIEFS, ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS ABOUT ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING (ELT) AND LEARNING: A THEORETICAL REVIEW
Authors: Zahra Khan , Muhammad Akram Mankash, Jehanzeb khan
Published: November 2022

The present study includes the published literature during the first two decades of 21st century (2001-2020) for the purpose of theoretical review of studies in terms of summarizing and synthesizing the findings. A comprehensive re-search included several electronic databases and library searched references in the relevant articles that were identified in the process of screening. Initially, screening of abstracts was done for the purpose of most pertinent work on the subject to be included in the current study. The researchers also screened the full text of each article in order to assess and screen the eligibility criteria for the purpose of most recent and updated data. Research articles were reviewed in order to determine the most significant studies particular to the research questions and the domain of research. Data extraction was done based upon the studies at the university level and factors were identified that affect university learners’ beliefs, attitudes and perceptions. Moreover, data was also deduced in order to know the relationship between learners’ beliefs, attitudes and perceptions with respect to proficiency and achievement. Findings provide evidences that learners have positive and favorable attitudes, beliefs and perceptions towards English language teaching and learning. The study also facilitates students learning with greater credibility of the teacher and put forth recommendations for future work.
BIO-WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATION REGULATIONS AND POLICIES: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Seema Gul, Qadir Ullah, Maryam Qasim
Published: November 2022

The twenty-first century's rapid urbanization, industrialization, modernization, and digitalization cause an increase in wastes including household, commercial, mining, radioactive, agriculture, healthcare, and electronic wastes, among others. The management of these wastes is evolving into a global problem. Waste management is the collection, transportation, separation, destruction, processing, recycling, management, supervision, and control of rubbish, sewage, and other waste products. The protection of people's health from negative effects and the preservation of the environment from negative effects are the main objectives of waste management. Around the world, a variety of modern techniques are being applied to manage these wastes. They include waste to energy, composting, bioremediation, incineration, immobilization, plasma combustion, ocean/sea disposal, and recycling of biological materials. The effectiveness of these waste management techniques increases the environment's appropriateness for supporting life. Additionally, it makes it possible for future generations to live in a secure and safe environment. Finding and putting into practice the best waste management plan is urgently needed for both global population health and environmental sustainability. The process for managing waste will improve greatly in both effectiveness and success. In various parts of the world, a variety of waste management techniques have been employed. The qualitative research methodology has been applied to the following article.
Machine learning in data envelopment analysis: A smart mechanism for indicator selection
Authors: Wu Jie , Wu Yumeng ,   School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: November 2022

Indicator selection has been a compelling problem in data envelopment analysis. With the advent of the big data era, scholars are faced with more complex indicator selection situations. The boom in machine learning presents an opportunity to address this problem. However, poor quality indicators may be selected if inappropriate methods are used in overfitting or underfitting scenarios. To date, some scholars have pioneered the use of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to select indicators in overfitting scenarios, but researchers have not proposed classifying the big data scenarios encountered by DEA into overfitting and underfitting scenarios, nor have they attempted to develop a complete indicator selection system for both scenarios. To fill these research gaps, this study employs machine learning methods and proposes a mean score approach based on them. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator dominates in overfitting scenarios but fails to select good indicators in underfitting scenarios, while the ensemble methods are superior in underfitting scenarios, and the proposed mean approach performs well in both scenarios. Based on the strengths and limitations of the different methods, a smart indicator selection mechanism is proposed to facilitate the selection of DEA indicators.
EFFECTS OF FLIPPED CLASSROOM MODEL ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL
Authors:   International Islamic University, Pakistan, Semab Tayyaba , Naureen Shazia ,   Department of Education, Faculty of Social Science International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: November 2022

An innovative teaching model known as flipped model has been introduced in education sector which shifts inside class activities to outside class and vice versa. This is a form of blended learning which advocates student-centered learning by using educational technology. Traditional teaching makes teacher’s authority in classroom by discouraging critical thinking in students. It expects harder part to be done by students outside class and teachers usually not feel their responsibility to solve students’ problems in next day class session. Basic purpose behind this study is to highlight the most effective method which may opt for raising student’s achievement level. This experimental study was conducted to explore the academic achievement of students in flipped and traditional classroom at elementary level. Quasi-experimental research design was used for the study and instrument was pre-test and post-test. Experiment duration was 4 months. Sample consists of 7th grade of Government Girls Secondary School Magistrate Colony Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Analysis was carried out by using t-test. Findings revealed that treatment group had higher achievement scores than control group. Impact of flipped model (treatment) was very strong due to lecture videos at home and active session in classroom. Treatment group have greater understanding of General Science concepts. Study recommended that this model should be implemented at all levels in Pakistan. Lacking of educational technology is not a big concern for its implementation. Teacher training is also required for handling of this innovative model in classroom. Keywords: Flipped Classroom, Academic Achievement, Traditional Classroom, Student-Centered Classroom, Educational Technology
MODERATION EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION BETWEEN PARENTAL NEGLECT AND CONDUCT PROBLEMS AMONG ADOLESCENTS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan, Bashir Rabia , Kazmi Farhana ,   Department of Psychology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan, Naz Summaira ,   Department of Psychology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Published: November 2022

Parental disregard is a powerful interpreter of adolescents’ behavioral problems. In Pakistan, all students utilize social media platforms for educational, entertainment, and informational purposes, which in turn has detrimental impact on adolescents’ physical as well as psychological health. Hence it is important to study the consequences of social media addiction, which is becoming a global health issue. However, research findings have looked at and found erratic correlations with the relationship believed to exist between parental neglect and teenage conduct disorder. Aim of current study is to shed more light on this idea by determining if adolescent social media addictive use moderates the link between parental neglect and behavioral issues. Multidimensional Parent Neglect Scale (MBNS; Straus et al., 1999), Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS; Karadag et al., 2015) and Conduct Problems Scale (CPS; Goodman et al., 2010) were used to collect data from 370 adolescent students by using purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed that social media addiction moderated the relation between parental neglect and conduct disorder among social media addict adolescents. Significant gender differences were also revealed on social media addiction and conduct problems. These findings offer information for systematically analyzing the role of social media addiction and the link between behavior issues and parental neglect. The findings of this study suggest that parenting techniques, characteristics of social media addiction, and their negative consequences on adolescents' behavior should be given more attention. Keywords: Parental neglect; Social media addiction; Adolescents conduct problems
PALESTINIAN MUSLIMS PRESENTATION IN PHOTOGRAPHY: A SEMIOTIC STUDY OF WAR PHOTOGRAPHS
Authors:   Minhaj University Lahore, Naeem Waqasia , Batool Rabia ,   University of Central Punjab., Tayyab Muhammad ,   University of Central Punjab.
Published: November 2022

War photography presents the hidden meaning and the living experiences which are not shown in routine media streams. The study presents the living experiences presented through pictures. Rose ‘s model (2001) of semiotics analysis is used to describe the living experiences of the Palestinian people. The study illustrated the different viewpoints as personal perspective, historical perspective, cultural perspective, technical perspective and critical perspective intended to be encompassed in the picture. The study revealed the distress feelings of the war zone people which present that they are far away from the standard life. Keywords: Palestinian Muslims, War Photographs, Semiotics Analysis
RURAL WOMEN’S ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICE: A CASE STUDY OF MUZAFFARGARH
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China., Raza Hasnain , Hassan Muhammad Tariq Ul ,   Gender Study department, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, Rafiq Nazia ,   Department of Anthropology/Deputy Registrar PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi Pakistan.
Published: November 2022

Pakistan is a developing country with 67% people lived in rural areas. Health is one of its leading problems. Pakistan's rural communities is severely impacted by this issue. Allocation and distribution of resources in the Pakistan is unequal because of this inequality, rural community suffers a lot regarding serious health issues and facing many dangerous diseases. Several developing countries have contracted out public health facilities to the Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) to improve service utilization. A sample of 100 females was selected by using simple random sampling technique from randomly selected four UCs in which MuradpurJanobi, Sultan pur, Fathepur and KhairPur Sadat and 25 respondents were selected from each UC. In depth interview technique was used to collect data. Females were involved in nearly all activities (p<0.05), from domestic to field work, and they often had health issues. The role of rural women should be promoted through print and electronic media. Health promotion campaigns are needed to change existing health-seeking behaviors among rural women. Social arrangements should be thoughtfully considered to make the health system more responsive. More female staff needs to be deployed in government health facilities. Rural women poorer health outcome and less access to health care. In many rural areas, women’s health providers are limited. Rural women's issues vary depending by region and state. Health care professionals should be aware of this issue and advocate for rural women’s issues.Keywords: Health services and facilities, rural women, health Reason