bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Legal support of social responsibility of agribusiness entities of Ukraine
Authors: Dixi Revista , Korniyenko Ganna
Published: October 2021

Corporate social responsibility is a current issue for every European country, due to the implementation of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. For Ukrainian agribusiness, the issue of social responsibility becomes especially important as Ukraine is at the initial stage of formation of the land market. It is expected that investors will take part in the social development of rural areas. So, this must be taken into account when planning agrarian business in Ukraine. At the same time, the legal regulation of corporate social responsibility is still insufficiently developed, which determines the relevance of the topic of the article.
Aproximación a la producción documental sobre las organizaciones solidarias en las provincias del sur de Santander
Authors: Cáceres Gómez Luz Stella , Ramírez Garzón María Teresa , Gutiérrez Sánchez Hernando Alexander
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es recopilar la producción documental que se han publicado entre 1981 y 2018

acerca de las organizaciones solidarias de las provincias del sur de Santander. Con un enfoque cualitativo,

se revisaron 73 documentos de diferentes organizaciones a nivel nacional; asimismo, se elaboró un resumen

analítico especializado por cada documento y en una matriz de Excel se organizó la información, de manera

que pudieran visibilizarse los escritos por periodos y así identificar históricamente el comportamiento del material documental. Los resultados se presentan en este artículo organizados por épocas y permiten afirmar que en las tres etapas las publicaciones se dieron de manera individual y colectiva; entre 1981 y 1999 se registraron 13 publicaciones; entre 2000 y 2009, 31, y de 2010 a 2018, 29. Los autores que se identificaron en el estudio realizaron sus publicaciones principalmente en las revistas Cuadernos de Desarrollo Rural y

Unisangil Empresarial. Se destaca que las temáticas que captan la mayor atención de los autores son las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito, las que se enfocan en el sector agropecuario y agroindustrial, y las de turismo. Dentro de los principales hallazgos están los aportes referidos al éxito registrado en las cooperativas, conseguido a través de la innovación organizacional, de una mayor autonomía y del empoderamiento de los asociados. Las políticas establecidas en la región de Santander sobre cooperativas y demás organizaciones de la economía la han considerado un ejemplo para otras regiones de Colombia.
Buscando los caminos del sector cooperativo y solidario
Authors: Rodríguez Espinosa Néstor Alfonso , Dávila Ladrón de Guevara Miguel Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Con este artículo se pretende responder la pregunta ¿Dónde se ubica la dinámica actual del sector cooperativo y solidario? Para responder esta pregunta, se consulta a expertos sobre el escenario en el que transita actualmente este sector, revisando el cumplimiento o no de los objetivos estratégicos planteados en el trabajo titulado “Aplicación del Modelo Prospectivo Estratégico Al Sector Cooperativo Colombiano.  Horizonte: Año 2031” publicado en el 2014 por el Instituto de Estudios del Ministerio Público. De igual forma se buscaron evidencias en documentos publicados por organismos del Estado y del propio sector. El principal hallazgo de este trabajo se relaciona con la ubicación del sector en un estado que se mantiene similar al de hace cinco años, con algunos avances importantes, pero no suficientes para considerar transformaciones que lleven a escenarios distintos de mayor incidencia en la vida de las regiones donde se desarrolla. Lo anterior nos lleva a concluir que, de seguir este estado de las cosas en el sector, su desarrollo será influenciado por la fuerza de las dinámicas externas, bien sea de los movimientos sociales, o de la instrumentalización de los gobernantes de turno, como se ha observado históricamente.
Leiopsammodius belloi (Pierotti, 1981) in Hungary (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae)
Authors: Ilniczky Sándor , Ádám László
Published: October 2021

Occurrence of Leiopsammodius belloi (Pierotti, 1981) is reported from Hungary for the first time. The species was first found in Csataszög (Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county), at the sandy bank of Tisza river, then in Sándorfalva (Csongrád-Csanád county). With 3 figures.
Transversal mass transfer and shear stress formation
during rapid gravity flow of a granular medium
Authors: Dolgunin Viktor N. , Ivanov Oleg O. , Akopyan Sergey A.
Published: October 2021

The micro structural models for shear stress generation during rapid gravity flow of granular materials on a rough chute are discussed. The mechanism of the shear stress formation, taking into account the tangential impulse formed under transversal mass transfer of particles, is suggested. The analogy between granular media during rapid shear deformation and dense gases is used to develop the suggested mechanism on the basis of kinetic theory. The total shear stress is determined as the sum of the stress components induced by collisions, transversal mass transfer and contact interactions of uniform cohesionless inelastic spherical particles. The mathematical models describing the components of shear kinetic stresses are developed as the functions of particle properties, structural and kinematical gravity flow characteristics. The equations of impulse and energy conservation in the course of rapid gravity flow of uniform cohesionless particles are formulated. A variant of the formulation of boundary conditions at the flow bottom is proposed for mathematical modeling of the dynamics of rapid gravity flows of granular materials on a rough chute. The variant assumes the displacement of the area with the most intense shear rate inside the flow and into its layers adjacent to the rough chute surface.
The analysis of ways to increase the durability
of shut-off valves loaded elements
Authors: Alexandrov Islam A. , Muranov Alexander N. , Mikhailov Maxim S.
Published: October 2021

This review analyzes the problems caused by heavy wear of loaded friction elements of structures, which is typical of almost all industries. This implies the importance of solving problems of increasing their durability.
Of particular relevance is the need to solve the problem of improving wear resistance of contact surfaces of special-purpose shut-off valves, being an irreplaceable component of technical equipment used in the oil and gas industry as well as processing industries, nuclear energy, and medicine. It is shown that the effectiveness of solving problems of increasing durability of equipment is largely associated with additional standard processing of loaded friction elements of such structures, and with the improvement of technologies for increasing wear resistance and strength characteristics of their contact surfaces. The analysis of the possibilities of increasing wear resistance by mechanical methods of surface treatment, as well as by methods of surface modification through various functional coatings has been made.
It is substantiated that the vacuum-arc method of ion-plasma spraying of a multilayer nanocomposite coating is the most promising way of creating a functional coating to increase the wear resistance of valves. Widespread industrial introduction of the method of beam surface modification of materials makes it possible to obtain such structural-phase states of materials, which are not possible with traditional methods.
Neo-Populist Lawyers in the Russian Revolution
(Late 19th – Early 20th Centuries)
Authors: Protasova O. L. , Pirozhkova I. G.
Published: October 2021

The paper describes the activity of prominent representatives of the legal corps of Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century, who were members of the neo-populist parties (Socialist-Revolutionaries and People’s Socialists) and who took an active part in the social and political life of the country in 1905-1917. During the period under review, many young people who started their professional careers as lawyers did not stay away from social reorganization and joined opposition political parties. The socialist worldview, coupled with the modernization processes that objectively began in the country, stimulated the desire of neo-populist lawyers to improve not only legal institutions, but also the entire state system of Russia. Particular attention is paid to a number of the most significant figures from among the populist lawyers, for whom public policy did not overshadow their interest in legal issues. Their philosophy and journalism assesses the state of the Russian state and law of the imperial, revolutionary 1917 and Soviet periods.
Features of Anti-Corruption Education of Students
in Educational Institutions
Authors: Kirillov S. I. , Krivosheev S. V.
Published: October 2021

Nowadays legal training and education of students as future specialists and professionals is impossible without studying the basics of anti-corruption.
In the modern Russian state this problem is one of the most important and the best way to prevent this phenomenon is to teach students. The paper studies the problems of legal education of students of different specialties in the peculiarities of committing corruption crimes, their prevention, studies corruption contamination of students as future specialists-practitioners, defines the ways of optimal structure of the process of teaching students to counteract corruption offenses.
Some Problems of Organizing the Production
of Forensic Examinations in Non-State Expert Institutions
and Private Experts
Authors: Sergeev V. V. , Skomorokhov O. N.
Published: October 2021

Currently, the existing system of expert subdivisions in Russia allows officials investigating crimes to effectively use their capabilities in terms of conducting forensic examinations of various classes, genera and types. Despite the current favorable situation in terms of the interaction of employees of investigative and expert departments, often, investigators, interrogators, when appointing forensic examinations, face a number of problems associated with a lack of forensic experts, their heavy workload and, as a result, an increase in the duration of the investigation of crimes. This article discusses alternative options for assigning forensic examinations to non-state expert institutions and private experts.
The advantages and disadvantages of organizing the production of forensic examinations outside state expert institutions are highlighted.
Organization of Solid Waste Management at an Industrial Company
Authors: Borshchev V. Ya. , Apporotova Yu. A.
Published: October 2021

The main types of waste in the production of bulk insulation made of polyester fiber are considered. The physicochemical, toxic and fire hazardous properties of materials have been investigated.
The paper presents the findings of the study of an industrial waste management enterprise (OOO Kotovsky Zavod Netkanykh Materialov), where the work on waste management is quite clearly and highly efficient.
Membrane Technologies as Environmentally Safe Methods
of Waste Water Purification
Authors: Khorokhorina I. V. , Lazarev S. I. , Bidulya S. M.
Published: October 2021

A classification of chemical purification technologies, membrane processes, depending on the pore size in membranes is given.
It has been established that environmentally friendly membrane methods for separating liquid media are an alternative to traditional methods
for separating technological solutions and industrial waste waters.
Some Aspects of Price Formation in the Metal Market
Authors: Tindova M. G. , Kublin I. M.
Published: October 2021

The analysis of existing methods of pricing is carried out, the key advantages and disadvantages of each approach are identified, and conclusions are presented regarding the study of the problem of forming the cost of aluminum in the market. Trends in the development of the aluminum market in modern economic relations are analyzed using mathematical methods and directions of development, as well as possible solutions. A systematic approach to the analysis of the problems of pricing for aluminum in the world, taking into account the market conditions,
is presented. The key approaches to pricing have been identified, which, together with the results of a comprehensive analysis, make it possible
to determine the criteria for setting prices and assess the possibility
of applying pricing methods in the global aluminum market.
Physical Training of Skiers with Upper Limbs Injuries
in the Initial Stage of Training
Authors: Shpagin S. V. , Deryabina G. I. , Lerner V. L.
Published: October 2021

The paper describes ways of physical training of mountain skiers with upper limbs injuries at the initial stage, options for strength, speed and aerobic training, as well as the means of developing flexibility and coordination abilities. Within the framework of stage control in the form of motor tests recommended by the Federal Standard of Sports Training, the assessment of the effectiveness of the development
of physical fitness of the mountain skiers with musculoskeletal system tumors from the experimental group was carried out.
ADVERTISING DISCOURSE IN THE CONTEXT
OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: Voyakina E. Yu.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the need to involve authentic advertising texts in the process of foreign language teaching.
The main characteristics of an advertising text are described.
A model of step-by-step work with advertising texts in the process of foreign language teaching is proposed. The ways of developing students’ language skills, as well as their communicative and sociocultural competences using advertising texts in the learning process are considered. It is shown how advertising texts create students’ socio-cultural background and increase their motivation to learn foreign languages. Types of tasks which include advertising texts aimedat developing the communicative skills and socio-cultural competence of students are presented.
Virtual Historical Excursion of V. I. Vernadsky’s Memorable Place
in the Village of Vernadovka in the Tambov Region
Authors: Nemtinov V. A. , Borisenko A. B. , Gorelov A. A. , Nemtinova Yu. V. , Trufilkin S. V. , Morozov V. V.
Published: October 2021

The technology of creating a virtual museum of memorable places associated with famous personalities is considered. It includes
the analysis of various sources of information and databases on the places
of residence of famous people and their activities during their stay; creation of preliminary drawings and cartographic images of the territory; development of photorealistic three-dimensional models. The creation of
a virtual space in the form of a virtual museum was carried out using
the Open Simulator and 3DVista software platform. The implementation
of the technology is illustrated by the example of the virtual reconstruction
of the family estate of V. I. Vernadsky in the village of Vernadovka in
the Pichaevsky district of the Tambov region, associated with the social
and professional activities of this outstanding Russian scientist.
The visualization of the museum is available to all Internet users.
The Population of the Tambov Region as an Actor of Digital Economy
Authors: Podgorny B. B. , Volokhova N. V.
Published: October 2021

A comprehensive sociological analysis of the population
of the Tambov region as an actor in the regional field of the digital economy is presented. The methodology and classification developed
on the basis of P. Bourdieu's theory of social space are used as a reference option. The method of questionnaire survey was used to determine
the competence of the population in the processes of digital transformation of the modern world, to identify the attitude of the population to
the widespread introduction and active development of digitalization,
to study the indices of digital literacy of the population.
It is shown that the reference version of the attitude of the population to the digitalization process differs from the current one. The processing
of the results, their analysis and comparison were carried out using
the SPSS program (statistical tables and contingency tables).
Inflammatory cells in the ascending aortic aneurysm in patients with type 2 diabetes versus patients with hypertension
Authors: Milutinović Aleksandra , Zorc-Pleskovič Ruda
Published: October 2021

Aortic aneurysms occur relatively frequently in the ascending thoracic aorta, but are rarely seen in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our aim was to evaluate inflammatory cell infiltration in the ascending aortic aneurysm wall in patients with diabetes without arterial hypertension (DM2 group, N=6) versus hypertensive non-diabetic patients (AH group, N=34). For histologic analysis, the sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Movat pentachrome. The immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze the infiltration of pro-inflammatory (CD68) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (CD163), T helper (CD4) and T killer cells (CD8), and B (CD79a) and plasma cells (CD138) in all three layers of aneurysms of both groups. The statistical significance of the differences between groups was evaluated by ANOVA and the Welch test.
In comparison to the AH group, the DM2 group developed less severe infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages (P=0.004) and B cells (P=0.025) in the tunica intima, and tunica media (P=0.049, P=0.007, respectively), and fewer plasma cells in the tunica media (P=0.024) and tunica adventitia (P=0.017). We found no significant differences in the number of T helper, T killer cells, and anti-inflammatory macrophages and in the amount of collagen and elastic fibers, ground substance, and smooth muscle cells in all three layers of the vessel wall. Except in tunica adventitia of DM2 group, there were more collagen fibers overall (P=0.025). 
Thus, we conclude that the histological structure of the aneurysm in diabetics without hypertension is almost the same as in hypertensive patients without diabetes. Diabetics had significantly less inflammatory infiltration in all three layers of the vessel wall, and more collagen fibers in tunica adventitia.
A retrospective study to analyse the ocular morbidity in the slum-dwelling population of central India.
Authors:   Senior resident, Gandhi medical college, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Shrivastava Dr. Poorva , Soni Dr Apoorva ,   Senior resident, Gandhi medical college, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Kumar Dr. Salil ,   Ex-consultant ophthalmologist, Gandhi medical college, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Shrivastava Dr. Lalit ,   Consultant ophthalmologist, Kamla Nehru Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: October 2021

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of different ocular pathologies in theslum-dwelling population of central India and to find its correlations with socio-demographic factors.Methodology: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study in 84 slum areas across Bhopal,Jabalpur and areas in the vicinity using a camp-based approach during the study period of 3 years.A total of 15478 participants attended the camp, and of them, 6177 patients had variousophthalmological conditions. A detailed history was obtained, and participants were subjected to acomplete ophthalmological examination. Based upon their diagnosis, they were prescribedtreatment. Referral to the tertiary care centre was done when needed. Results: The prevalence ofocular morbidities was 39.9%. The most common ocular morbidity documented in our study wasrefractive errors (22.7%). Proportions of lid pathologies were significantly higher in patientsbelonging to less than ten years of age (36.4%). In contrast, refractive errors were observed inhigher proportions of patients belonging to more than ten years of age (p<0.05). Pterygium ratiowas significantly higher in males, whereas ocular malignancies were higher in females (p<0.05).Proportions of almost all the ocular morbidities were substantially higher in patients with lowsocioeconomic status (p<0.05). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of ocular morbidities in theslum population is high. The most common ocular morbidity includes refractive error and allergicconjunctivitis. These morbidities correlated with age, gender and socioeconomic status. Werecommend periodic screening of the slum population across all age range to prevent long termcomplications and disabilities.
Kerkbegrip en kerkorde
Authors: Van Wyk Barry
Published: October 2021

Church concept and church order: a comparative study between the four Afrikaans reformed churches in South AfricaThis article is about the church concept and church order as formulated by churches of Reformed offspring, especially since the Reformation. To be more specific: since the day when Martin Luther voiced his disgust in the church of his days in public on 10 December 1520. Church concept and church order is a Scriptural debate because both follows from a Christological ecclesiology.The second part of the article compares the church orders of the churches in South Africa with themes typically inherent to church orders of Reformed standing. This includes themes like the offices of the church, church discipline, as well as matters related to being anti-hierarchical and anti-independentistic with reference to the Reformed churches.
THE PRINCIPLE OF ECOLOGICAL CULTURE FORMATION IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS OF THEORETICAL AND LEGAL CONTENT AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Pozniak E.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the theoretical and legal, legislative and other approaches to understanding the essence and content of the principle of formation of ecological culture in environmental law and legislation of Ukraine. At present, the principle of formation of ecological culture is only partially reflected in the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine and current legislation, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On Environmental Protection". The implementation of this principle in legislative, practical and law enforcement activities will help increase the level of environmental and legal awareness and culture, ecologization of national law and legislation. The level of ecological and ecological-legal culture in society determines the effectiveness of operation of ecological management and control system, the guarantee of the ecological safety of economic and other activities, the achievement of ecological law and order, the restoration of ecological balance, the development of science and ecological knowledge. The strengthening of the principle of ecological culture formation will be promoted by performance of the strategic tasks put in provisions of sources of the state ecological policy, primarily, the Basic principles (strategy) of the state ecological policy for the period till 2030. Proposals have been made to improve the current legislation in order to take into account the principle of forming an environmental culture, guaranteeing the sustainable development of our country from the standpoint of current challenges and processes of globalization. The opinion on the expediency of constitutional contemplation of the principle of formation of ecological culture as a basis for building a democratic, social, legal and ecological state had been expressed. This principle is offered to supplement the main sources of natural resources, environmental law and environmental safety law. The introduction of the principle of formation of ecological culture in the national legislation should assume a nature of a systemic character, which will help to provide the coherence of environmental law and other branches in the regulation of environmental relations. This will increase the level of ecological and legal culture of society and citizens and strengthen the course of our state towards international and European integration. Keywords: ecological culture, ecological-legal culture, ecological law, ecological legislation, environment, principles of ecological law, principles of law, state ecological policy
LEGAL REGULATION OF DIVORCE: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PRINCIPLES
Authors: Radchenko L.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the genesis of legal regulation of the order, conditions and consequences of divorce in its historical aspect, as well as given the current principles of family relations in EU law and foreign law, highlighting the latest trends in divorce relations and outlining the laws of their further consolidation in the family law of Ukraine, formulation of conclusions and proposals aimed at harmonization of national legislation with EU law. The divorce procedure, its conditions and legal consequences are regulated by the legislation of different states in different ways. The regulation of divorce relations is also significantly influenced by national characteristics, traditions, religion and culture. The spread of family relations outside one state necessitates the application of foreign law to regulate such relations. Appropriate conflicts may result from the application of the law of different states regarding the grounds for divorce, the procedure for divorce, as well as the unequal determination of the moment of its dissolution. The article argues that one of the basic principles of Roman private law was the observance of absolute freedom of divorce. However, during the imperial period, and especially with the establishment of Christianity, restrictions were imposed on divorce. The approach to significant restrictions and even prohibitions on divorce has long been observed in the law of European states. Under the influence of the Catholic Church and Christian morality, the recipient law did not allow divorce at all or established restrictions and valid grounds for divorce. Divorce was allowed only as an exception, in the presence of significant circumstances, subject to complicated procedures. Since the second half of the twentieth century, divorce laws have been reformed in many countries, tending to abandon the idea that divorce is a sanction for marital misconduct and moving to the concept that divorce is a statement of a failed marriage. As a result of the reforms, divorces have become more liberalized. The article concludes that the general conflict principle of divorce is the law of citizenship of a spouse or husband (most countries of continental Europe) or the law of the place of residence of the spouses (England, USA and a number of other countries). However, Regulation 1259/2010 provides, in essence, innovative provisions for the choice of the competent legal order in the event of divorce, which enshrines the possibility for spouses to independently choose the applicable law. Keywords: marriage, marital relations, divorce, termination of marriage, EU law, family law.
DEVELOPMENT OF LAND LAW SCIENCE IN TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV: THE AGE OF INDEPENDENT UKRAINE
Authors: Kovalenko T. , Zaiets O.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of writing this article is to provide a conceptual overview of the main ideas and doctrines in the field of land law, which were being researched and substantiated by employees of the Faculty of Law / Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv during 30 years of independence, outlining the main achievements of land law and their practical implementation during this period. The main research method was the analysis and systematization of scientific research at the institutes of land law as a branch of law, science and academic discipline. The method of historical analysis helped to understand the historical and legal preconditions for the formation of a team of specialists who during the times of independent Ukraine were successfully working in land and related branches of law at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In conclusion, it is noted that scientists of the Faculty of Law / Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv worthily have represented and developed land law as a branch, science and academic discipline since the very beginning of Ukraine's independence. Within the limits of this article it is not possible to show in full the scientific achievements of the employees of the Faculty of Law / Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and their students during the time of independent Ukraine. But the described main scientific achievements emphasize the significant contribution of land law science of the Faculty of Law / Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv to the development of the science of land law of independent Ukraine. Due to the active position of the teaching staff at the Faculty of Law / Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, there grew a worthy scientific constellation of researchers, teachers, practitioners and statesmen, whose main scientific interest was land law with its practical implementation and improvement. Keywords: independent Ukraine; land law; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Faculty of Law; Institute of Law.
FUNDAMENTALS OF FORMATION OF MODERN ENVIRONMENTAL STATE IN UKRAINE
Authors: Krasnova M.
Published: October 2021

The paper addresses the social, economic, environmental and legal bases of the modern Environmental state formation and prospects of this state's construction in Ukraine on the grounds of realization of the state policy. Peculiarities of realization of separate principles of the state policy, capable of promoting the formation of the environmental state, are considered. Based on the analysis of the formation of such states in some countries, the paper studies the ways to improve the legal framework for the formation of an environmentally friendly society, environmental partnership, as the main way to build an environmental state, and to ensure parity of environmental, economic and social needs in the context of sustaina-ble development. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the ecological paradigm as the basis for environmental legal consciousness of the whole society. This will allow the revision of values in relation to nature and recognize nature at the level of the Constitution of Ukraine as the basic social value. Attention is also paid to the structure, forms, methods, and content of environmental partnership, which can influence various factors in the formation of environmental state. It is proved that the main form of environmental partnership in modern conditions is a public-private partnership and that the latter is able to ensure the implementation of the effective environmental projects in the areas of natural resources restoration, waste management, eco-tourism etc. According to the structure, the environmental partnership is proposed to be considered as a set of institutional, regulatory, functional and communicative subsystems, possible content of which is also revealed. On the basis of the conducted research, the independent scientific conclusions and judgments on the analysed subjects are suggested and the ways of perfection of the current legislation of Ukraine on the outlined questions are offered. Keywords: ecological democracy, environmental paradigm, environmental legal awareness, environmental policy, the principle of environmental partnership, environmental legislation.
Paleoenvironment of the Morrison Formation in the Bighorn Basin of Montana, USA
Authors:   , Adams Ashley L. , Daeschler Edward B
Published: October 2021

The Morrison Formation is one of the most prolific dinosaur-bearing formations in the world, ranging from the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian in age. Stretching from northern New Mexico throughout much of the western United States and into southern Canada, the units of this Formation have been explored, particularly for dinosaur fossils, since the 1800s (Foster, 2003). However, the majority of research has focused primarily on exposures in Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming, where many of the most famous Jurassic- aged dinosaurs were initially found (Foster et al., 2016). The northern areas of the Morrison, however, have not been thoroughly explored until more recently, and have revealed a mix of unique and relatively common dinosaur species of the Jurassic age (Maltese et al., 2018). An exposure of the Morrison Formation located in the Bighorn Basin of Montana, here referred to as the Suuwassea Morrison Formation Site (SMFS), provides an excellent location to explore and compare to other northern sites within the Morrison Formation, as well as the longer-studied southern areas. In addition to more typical Morrison specimens of apatosaur, stegosaur, and allosaur material, a relatively unique specimen of the sauropod Suuwassea emilieae was initially discovered at this site (Harris and Dodson, 2004). The geology of this site, however, has remained largely unstudied, and the question remains if Suuwassea emilieae is unique to the area due to rarity, temporal differences, or environmental differences restricting its range. The primary goal of this research was determine the local paleoenvironment of the SMFS, particularly in comparison to the rest of the Morrison Formation. In order to accomplish this, I first explored the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the area, describing the sedimentology in detail, with special focus on areas with fossils. In addition, I drafted a detailed stratigraphic column, and identified paleosols, fossils, and photographed localities. I then focused further on the paleosols of the area, with detailed field descriptions, x-ray diffraction analysis, and thin section analysis, to determine the types of soils these profiles originally represented. Based on these data, I conclude the Morrison exposure of the SMFS represents an overall wet, seasonal environment, with fluctuating water tables enhanced by a combination of low base level related to the proximity of this region to the Sundance Sea.
Charge Density Waves in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors:   , Anikin Anton A. , Karapetrov Goran Tripun
Published: October 2021

At low temperatures, the electronic structure of metals becomes unstable, and instabilities often develop correlated electronic states, decreasing the number of free carriers. One of these correlated states is a charge density wave state. It usually arises under the interaction of free carriers with phonons, and it is manifested as a superstructure over the original crystal lattice. The charge density wave state presents distinguishable experimental fingerprints in many physical properties of the crystal, spontaneously breaking its translational symmetry. The physics of the charge density wave is well established in the case of a one-dimensional metal; however, there are lot of open issues, when describing the systems of higher dimensions. The charge density wave state could potentially be utilized in low-energy electronic devices. Transition metal dichalcogenides are quasi two-dimensional materials, that exhibit a correlated electronic behavior, such as the superconductivity and the charge density wave. Due to their simple crystalline structures, nearly perfect crystals can be grown, and the electronic correlations can be studied in the absence of any disorder. An example of this class of materials is 2H-NbSe2, that undergoes both the charge density wave (T_CDW=33.5 K) and superconducting (T_SC=7.2 K) transitions. The first part of this work is focused on the single crystal growth, electronic transport characterization, and results of ultrafast transient reflectivity measurements of 2H-NbSe2 single crystals. Coherent lattice dynamics and characteristic relaxation times of photoexcited charge carriers have been extracted from the broadband transient optical spectroscopy. A wide temporal profile gives opportunity to track multiple ultrafast phenomena within the same experiment from 50 fs to few nanoseconds. The physical mechanisms leading to the charge density wave condensation are being discussed here. The second part of this work is focused on a studying of the temperature hysteresis in electrical transport properties in freshly grown undoped and doped 1T-TiSe₂ single crystals. This transition metal dichalcogenide undergoes a chiral charge density wave at low temperatures (T_CDW=202 K). An irreversible behavior of electrical properties upon the thermocycling indicates an existence of metastable states in the charge density wave phase, and it is commonly attributed to additional phase transitions. The absence of strong experimental evidence of these transitions is collaborated with an opened dispute on the nature of charge density wave state in this material. Physical origins of this phenomenon, including a complex charge density wave domain structure of 1T-TiSe₂, are being discussed in the second part of the work.
Comparative genomics of the keystone mucosal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Gardnerella vaginalis reveal associations between virulence phenotypesand phylogenetic structures
Authors:   , Innamorati Katherine Ann , Ehrlich Garth D
Published: October 2021

The keystone pathogen hypothesis states that specific bacterial species are responsible for human microbiomes transitioning into dysbiosis. However, disease severity often varies by strain. The Distributed Genome Hypothesis states that individual strains of a species possess only a small percentage of the gene content available to the entire species. This total gene complement, or pangenome, encompasses both core genes (present in all strains) and a reservoir of distributed genes that, through recombination, provide a population of strains an evolutionary selective advantage against varied adverse environmental conditions. This work examines the pangenomes of two human mucosal bacterial pathogens: Gardnerella vaginalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis. G. vaginalis is a Gram-indeterminate coccobacillus commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a disease characterized by malodor and dysuria, affecting over 21 million women in the US, and associated with complications such as miscarriage or easier acquisition of HIV. G. vaginalis is often resistant to traditional antibiotic treatment (metronidazole) with few alternative remedies. P. gingivalis is a Gram-negative obligate anaerobe associated with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis and is also correlated with systemic illnesses such as cardiovascular and Alzheimer's diseases, and multiple forms of cancer. Our pangenomic analysis reclassifies G. vaginalis as a genus composed of eleven species. Within these phylogenetic groups, we characterize those with metronidazole resistance or susceptibility, and identify genes highly correlated with these phenotypes. In contrast, P. gingivalis is a single species, though similarly associated with a range of clinically relevant virulence traits that have been characterized in mouse lesion models. My analyses classify these virulence traits by severity and identifies potentially important genes associated with various virulence classes through statistical phylogenetic correlation. These findings will form the basis for future studies designed to characterize the specific genetic variations responsible for the observed phenotypic differences. The results of these analyses will eventually inform clinical decisions regarding treatments for periodontitis and bacterial vaginosis.
EVALUATION OF TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MATERIAL PREPARED BY DMLS TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovakia, SIMKULET VLADIMIR , DUPLAKOVA DARINA ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovakia, KOVALCIKOVA ALEXANDRA ,   Institute of Materials Research Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia, HATALA MICHAL ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovakia, BOTKO FRANTISEK ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovakia, MITALOVA ZUZANA ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovakia, VANDZURA RADOSLAV ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovakia
Published: October 2021

The method of producing molten metal powder according to the European laser sintering system (EOSINT) was used to prepare the experimental material. The used powder metal material was designated EOS Maraging Steel - MS1. It is a steel powder, which is optimized especially for processing in EOSINT M 280 systems. The measurement of tribological characteristics of prepared materials was performed using the standard STN ISO 20808: 2004. The ball-on-disc dry sliding friction and wear experiments have been made on prepared materials in contact with steel ball. For the experiment, there were determined the following conditions: the value of normal load 5 N, the sliding radius 2 mm. Wear testing was carried out at room temperature 25°C using the ball-on-disc technique. Wear behaviour of the prepared material was studied in dry sliding; relative humidity was 26-28%. The normal load of 5 N; and sliding speed of 0.1 m/s was applied. The total sliding distance was 1000 m. The worn surface was analysed by confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope.
Profile of pathogens isolated from different clinical samples and their antimicrobial pattern: a retrospective study
Authors: Anjaneya Swamy M. , Andhale Jagannath D.
Published: October 2021

Background: Since there is a significant rise in resistant bacteria to different antimicrobial agents, there is a need to study the resistance pattern of different isolates from different clinical samples for effective use of available antimicrobials by clinicians. The aim of the present study was to detect the resistance pattern of various antimicrobials against different clinical isolates in hospitalised patients in out setting.Methods: This is a retrospective study involving the collection of the data from the records of microbiology laboratory. All clinical specimens were processed as per standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar plate as per CLSI guidelines.Results: A total of 153 isolates were recovered from 219 clinical samples accounting for 69.86% of total positivity. Which includes gram negative bacilli 107/153 (69.93%) gram positive cocci 36/153 (23.53%) and yeast 10/153 (6.54%). Among the total isolates gram negative bacilli account for major number of isolates 69.93% followed by gram positive cocci 23.53% and yeast 6.54%. Gram positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli showed a significant level of antimicrobial resistance. Nitrofurantoin is highly effective against urinary isolates of Escherichia coli. vancomycin and linezolid are most effective antimicrobials against gram positive cocci. Among gram negative bacilli meropenem and amikacin are most effective antimicrobials. Statistical significance of occurrence of Escherichia coli as predominant isolate as compared to other isolates were analysed by chi square test by using GraphPad online calculator. A p value<0.001 was obtained.Conclusions: Significant rise in antimicrobial resistant pathogens were observed. Local antimicrobial policy should be developed for effective selection of available antimicrobials which are the need of the day to reduce the burden of diseases on global health care system.
A case report of perinephric abscess extending as psoas abscess
Authors: Kurian Elizabeth , Anand Rajeev , Bos Rebin , Joseph Jijo
Published: October 2021

Iliopsoas abscess is a rare clinical entity. It is even more uncommon for psoas abscess to develop in association with genitourinary infections like perinephric abscess because of the retroperitoneal anatomy. Here we present an unusual case of a perinephric abscess extending as psoas abscess which was treated with computed tomography (CT) guided drainage.
Techniques, indications and complications of pericardiocentesis
Authors: Elkahwagy Mohammed Shafik , Alenezi Ahmad Faraj , Alenezi Hibah Farhan , Al-Hussain Bader Naji , Allwaim Mohammad Ahmad , Almomatten Almukhtar Mohammed , Alkhuwaysah Mohammed Ali , Alwabari Mohammed Abdullah , Alarabi Thumamah Mahmoud , Albarakati Mohammed Hamed , Albadrani Naif Abdullah , Alrehaili Nasser Dakhel
Published: October 2021

The main aim of pericardiocentesis is to remove excess fluid in the pericardial space and enhance the functions of the heart to intervene against the development of many complications. Accordingly, the procedure is usually performed to manage cardiac tamponade to correct secondary hypotension that attributes to the low stroke volume as a result of the external pressure of the pericardial fluid on the chambers of the heart. In the present literature review, we have discussed the techniques, indications, and complications of pericardiocentesis. Furthermore, the main techniques and approaches include computed tomography-guided pericardiocentesis, echo-guided, and fluoroscopy-guided techniques. These modalities can be successfully used for hemodynamically unstable patients to adequately remove excess fluid to normalize ventricular filling and maintain adequate cardiac output to the peripheral tissues. Considerations for using the modality have been made for small effusions and many authors suggest that it should not be routinely used in these situations. Many major and minor complications can occur secondary to conducting pericardiocentesis. The major complications might include lacerations of the intercostal vessels of the coronary arteries, injury to the cardiac chambers, death, puncture of the peritoneal cavity or abdominal viscera, pneumopericardium, pneumothorax which might require chest intubation, pericardial decompression syndrome, and ventricular arrhythmias. Therefore, carefully approaching these patients and deciding the best management plan, in addition to providing proper interventional approaches for the potential development of these complications is essential to enhance the intended outcomes and enhance the quality of care.
Assessment, types, and etiologies of vision loss in primary care settings
Authors: Al Nahdi Ahmed Thabit , Alobaid Abdulaziz Ahmad , Alajmi Abdullah Khalid , Al Majed Abdullah Saleh , Alkhars Ali Abdulhaq , Alsayyar Manal Amer , Althani Husain Amer , Almansour Abdulaziz Jamal , Alsaadi Khaled Ali , Aljaloud Norah Abdullah , Alwabel Saga Khaled
Published: October 2021

Studies indicate the vital roles that family physicians play in the diagnosis and assessment of vision loss in the primary care settings. In ddition, family physicians give proper advice to patients and refer them to other departments for adequate screening and management of any associated comorbidities. In this literature review, we have discussed the types, etiologies, and assessment of each cause of vision loss in primary care settings. The most commonly reported etiologies include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, glaucomas, cataracts, and errors of refraction. The main types of vision loss usually include peripheral vision loss, central vision loss, blurred or patchy vision, and vision loss that is usually associated with a physical disability or an acquired brain injury. Providing adequate management and routine screening for the patients that are affected by the aforementioned etiologies can significantly enhance their outcomes and reduce the risk of vision loss. Providing educational campaigns about the importance of treatment compliance and routine screening should also be conducted to increase awareness and enhance the outcomes in the primary care settings.