bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge—Based Systems (Vol 1) and Knowledge Acquisition Tools for Expert Systems (Vol 2) ed. by Boose, J .H . & Gaines, B .R. (Academic Press, 1988)
Authors: Cook Linda
Published: January 2007

One of the major obstacles to the design and implementation of knowledge-based systems has been the knowledge acquisition bottleneck. A considerable amount of both basic research and application effort have gone into an analysis of this problem. This two volume series represent s a compilation of these diverse efforts as reported at the first annual Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge--Based System s Workshop, held in Banff, Canada (November, 1986). While all of the papers are of the calibre that deserve mention, space precludes a review of all. As a best alternative-the general subjects covered and those papers which were unique, or offered unusual coverage of an interesting topic are presented in more detail. Volume 1 in this series (
Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge--Based Systems
) describes research in three major areas: the cognitive aspects of expertise, the pragmatic aspects of knowledge acquisition skills, as well as, teaching those skills and, finally, inductive learning approaches to knowledge acquisition.
CHI'89 interactive poster session papers and abstracts
Authors: Jeffries Robin
Published: January 2007

The interactive poster sessions at the annual CHI conferences are one of the outlets that CHI provides for researchers to present work that, for a variety of reasons, does not fit the constraints of the technical paper sessions. The poster format offers presenters a forum in which to meet and discuss their work with others interested in the same topic. It is particularly suited for work in the formative stages and for descriptions of systems with novel interface features, but a wide variety of research results have been presented in this format. Presenters find the opportunity to interact with their audience to be a very useful and rewarding aspect of the session. They invariably come away with a list of conference attendees interested in closely related topics.This year the poster arrangements were somewhat different from previous CHIs, in keeping with the many innovative aspects of this "wild and woolly Texas" CHI. Forty-seven poster presentations were scattered among four of the lobby levels of the University of Texas Performing Arts Center, where the conference plenary sessions were held. Conference attendees got to view the posters and interact with the presenters before the opening plenary on Monday night, May 1, during the Mexican Fiesta later than evening, and during the Western Barbecue after the Tuesday plenaries. Traffic in the poster area was particularly heavy during the initial showing, but presenters and attendees had opportunities for more extended interactions during the two receptions.The posters were grouped into nine topic areas: analysis/evaluation, analytic models, design of user interfaces, empirical studies of programmers, information retrieval, I/O technologies, learning social impacts of computers, and user interface tools. Presenters came from Canada, England, Germany, and Japan, as well as the United States. Slightly more than half of the posters (25) came from universities, with seven of those being participants in the doctoral consortium which was held in conjunction with the conference.Abstracts submitted for the poster session were reviewed by a panel of judges which included: James Alexander, US West; Nathaniel Borenstein, CMU; Wayne Gray, NYNEX; John Karat, IBM; Jean McKendree, MCC; and Robert Vallone, Ashton-Tate.Abstracts and papers printed here represent the second of two installments. The first appeared in the July 1989 SIGCHI Bulletin.
Report on the CHI'99 workshop on real-time decision support computer-human interaction
Authors: Jacobs Steven M. , Hefley William E.
Published: January 2007

The purpose of the CHI '89 Workshop on Real-Time, Decision Support Computer-Human Interaction was to explore issues facing users of crucial real-time, decision support computer systems such as air traffic control computers, tactical command and control systems, and missile warning computers. The workshop built on ideas presented at an earlier workshop at CHI '88 (1).
Preparing a presentation
Authors: Smith Martin
Published: January 2007

You are developing a Human Factors curriculum and you have dictatorial control. What will you do? I myself might count on the CHI Curriculum Committee to produce something soon enough to help structure the course content, and focus my attention elsewhere. For example, I would require that each term, students use a different computer system and a different set of applications to write programs and papers, run experiments, analyze data, record notes, etc. At the end of each term they are to deliver a written account of their experiences with the system, free to gather observations (or data) from their classmates. One graduation requirement would be a paper synthesizing these experiences.
Stochastic simulation and APL
Authors: Sykes Alan M. , Watkins Alan J.
Published: January 2007

Some recent work on stochastic simulation in APL is reviewed, yielding ideas on future developments and efforts in this area.
The APL character set
Authors: Falkoff Adin
Published: January 2007

This paper argues that capital letters should continue to be the primary alphabet for APL; that APL systems should provide dual keyboard layouts, one an extended APL keyboard giving access to national characters, and the other a national keyboard extended to give access to APL characters; and that the positioning of the APL characters on both keyboards should be changed where necessary to match national keytop markings and eliminate duplication. An APL keyboard layout based upon this approach is presented, along with a set of principles which guided its design.
Minimizing spin-glass hamiltonians in APL2
Authors: Janßsen Rainer , Sillke Torsten
Published: January 2007

This paper describes a set of APL2 functions for the computation of the free energy and ground states of certain spin-glass systems. The implementation is based on an algorithm described by Dress [1].
A retro/prospective on APL Graphpak
Authors: Niehoff Walt
Published: January 2007

This paper suggests two general directions that one could take to modernize APL2 Graphpak and revitalize its evolution. One direction springboards off lessons learned during Graphpak's first decade and from some thinking that evolved during early (c. 1980) experiments with general arrays. The second direction exploits general arrays and APL2 functionality at a user-level. Some experiments are reported relating to both areas
The effect of copyright law on the development of functionally compatible functionally compatible microprogrammed devices
Authors: Derwin Douglas K. , Siegel Daniel R.
Published: January 2007

On September 22, 1986, a federal court ruled, for the first time, that microcode is copyrightable.
NEC Corp. v. Intel Corp.
, 645 F. Supp. 590 (N.D. Cal. 1986). The wisdom of this ruling is open to question, but its effect is not: the microcode community will have to adapt to new rules, some of them difficult to understand, most of them involving additional cost and labor.
Recent AI-Related Dissertations
Authors: SIGART Bulletin staff
Published: January 2007

The following are citations selected by title and abstract as being related to AI, resulting from a computer search, using the BRS Information Technologies retrieval service, of the Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) database produced by University Microfilms International. The online file includes abstracts, which are not published in this listing, but the citations below do include the DAI reference for finding the abstract in the published DAI. Other elements of the citation are author, university, degree, and, if available, number of pages; title; UM order number and year-month of DAI; and DAI subject category chosen by the author of the dissertation. References are sorted first by the initial DAI subject category and second by the author. In addition the database includes masters abstracts, denoted by MAI (Masters Abstracts International) instead of DAI as the reference to the abstract in the abstract in the published MAI.Unless otherwise specified, paper or microform copies of dissertations may be ordered from University Microfilms International, Dissertation Copies, Post Office Box 1764, Ann Arbor, MI 48106; telephone for U.S. (except Michigan, Hawaii, Alaska): 1-800-521-3042, for Canada: 1-800-268-6090. Price lists and other ordering and shipping information are in the introduction to the published DAI.
The monterège Cogitator
Authors: Tardy Jean E.
Published: January 2007

This paper describes the Monterège Cogitator, an advanced, original and powerful conceptual structure designed to describe the essential properties of learning.The elaboration of this structure introduces a methodological approach that uses abstract concepts in an expanded intuitive context, a theory of knowledge adapted to Control Systems and the definition and use of specialized automata to build complex abstract machines. From these components, the basic principles of model generation and the essential processes of learning are defined and integrated into a coherent learning system.The Monterège Cogitator is a learning engine which will eventually emulate the human intellect in the scope of learning. It is capable of making full use of parallel architectures. This work is part of ongoing research at Monterège design to define the fundamental structures of a digital intellect: the
essential
first step in building truly intelligent machines. An objective which can be attained within ten years.
An APL system for increased engineering productivity
Authors: Ward Harold R.
Published: January 2007

Choosing APL as the primary environment for engineering computer usage requires careful consideration of the extremes of computer usage sophistication, amounts of computation and storage, and types of computer programs. A system of APL workspaces is described which enables a small group of engineering technicians to provide appropriate computing support to a large group of users in and outside the Engineering Department.ENGLIB is developed as a working model for a practical, conceptually simple environment for engineering data processing with facilities for handling and expediting all phases of engineering computer usage. Computer support, ranging from routine job production to highly technical engineering programming to computer education, is accomplished using APL as the background for man-made synergy and interpersonal communication. Featured are interfaces to non-APL software and data storage/retrieval systems and a general description of the major subsystems and key peripheral functions which enable ENGLIB to fit and increase engineering productivity.
From hieroglyphics to APL - the relentless course of history
Authors: Hartung Homer
Published: January 2007

There are many historical parallels between older developments of number systems and modern developments of computer languages. These indicate that APL should ultimately develop a dominant position as the best language to use for complex computer applications.
APL-based, on-line examination scheduler
Authors: Patnaik D. , Hosking R. J.
Published: January 2007

EXAMination SCHEDULER is an APL based system used by the Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand for final examination scheduling. The user need not have any programming background to operate the system. Internally the scheduling is done in three steps. In the first step a graph colouring algorithm is used to find the minimum number of disjoint courses; in the second step an optimization algorithm is used to minimise the number of students appearing for more than one exam per day; and finally a post scheduling facility is provided for the user to make any necessary changes within the schedule and to print reports.
IP micro-mobility protocols
Authors: Campbell Andrew T. , Gomez-Castellanos Javier
Published: January 2007

The IETF Mobile IP Working Group is discussing a number of enhancements to the base protocol to reduce the latency, packet loss and signaling overhead experienced during handoff. In this article, we discuss a number of "micro-mobility protocols" that extend Mobile IP with fast handoff and paging capabilities. The aim of this article is not to provide an exhaustive survey of these protocols. Rather, we discuss the motivation behind micro-mobility, present common characteristics that a number of proposals share and briefly describe some of the key contributions discussed by the working group. In the longer term there is a need to understand the differences between many of the micro-mobility proposals discussed in this article in terms of, complexity of the design choice, and performance differences. As part of that process we have recently made available the Columbia Micro-mobility Suite (CMS). The CMS software is freely available from the web (comet.columbia.edu/micromobility) and includes ns source code extensions for Cellular IP, Hawaii and Hierarchical Mobile IP.
Hazard identification in programmable system
Authors: Broomfield E. J. , Chung P. W. H.
Published: January 2007

This paper describes the application of a methodology developed to meet the need for hazard identification in programmable systems. The methodology was derived using real incident data and assesses the safety of a system by decomposing high level requirements into
tasks
. The tasks are analysed using a new graphical technique and the safety of tasks is assessed by using
attributes/guide-words
and associated
questions
. A case study is used to examine the effectiveness and feasibility of the methodology. It demonstrates that the application of the methodology is useful in identifying hazards, complements and enhances the development of a system and can be used by non-software specialists.
Concurrent information processing, I
Authors: Jannarone Robert J.
Published: January 2007

Concurrent information processing (CIP) neurocomputing systems learn, monitor, and perform automatically, from quickly arriving information. CIP applications include adaptive process control, adaptive health advisory systems, online computer glitch detection, adaptive quality monitoring, and other settings where automatic learning, monitoring, and performing must keep pace with rapidly arriving data. Sequential CIP rates range from .3 milliseconds per 16-feature record to 1 second per 1,000-feature record, and faster parallel CIP rates are possible. CIP operational highlights are given and applications are described in this article. Sequential and parallel computing details and principles will be described in a follow-up article.
THe triad of fuzzy theory
Authors: Meyer Chris , Kandel Abraham , Rundus Dewey
Published: January 2007

Much has been written concerning fuzzy theory in recent years. To the uninitiated, and to many of the initiated as well, the picture which emerges may appear unclear and often contradictory. This is frustrating, but not surprising. The following attempts to clarify some of the more befuddling aspects of fuzzy theory by presenting a representation of fuzzy theory and its relation to classical theory, illuminating semantic interpretations of fuzzy theory, discussing the assumption of burden of proof in fuzzy theory arguments by providing a trial law analogy, and concluding with a view toward the broad implications of fuzzy theory.
The application development environment of the DECmpp 12000 massively parallel computer—an introduction
Authors: Lai Albert , Lo Eric , Man Wing Cheong , Wong Kam-Fai
Published: January 2007

This paper gives a brief introduction to the application development environment of the DECmpp 12000 Massively Parallel Computer. Specifically, the architecture, operating system and compilers are discussed.
Ecxpert
Authors: Nygate Yossi
Published: January 2007

Today's competitive market place has forced the telecommunications industry to improve their service and reliability. One step that telecommunications companies have taken to reduce network failures is the installation of operations centers to collect data from network elements. These centers are staffed by network managers who monitor network activity by correlating alarms across various operational disciplines (switch, facility, traffic) and relating them to a common cause. Accurate analysis is often difficult due to the volume of data and complexity of problems.ECXpert is a product recently developed at AT&T to help network managers monitor and analyze alarms, take corrective actions, and minimize disruptions to the network. Successful implementation of event correlation has increased customer revenue because trouble isolation can be done faster, resulting in quicker restoration of service.The essence of ECXpert is a high level language with which users can specify network events and their correlation with alarms. The system is written in Prolog and C++, a powerful combination which allowed development to occur on time and in budget. It has been deployed in network management centers throughout the U.S. and is currently being marketed overseas. ECXpert is a success story for Prolog within AT&T.
Computer conferencing
Authors: Hoare R. M. , Race W. P.
Published: January 2007

This paper presents a case study of the introduction of computer conferencing at The Polytechnic of Wales. A brief description of the software is provided. The benefits of computer conferencing are reviewed. An account is given of the development of each of a number of the conferences introduced so far, and comments are made regarding the ways in which students have taken advantage of the new medium. The paper concludes with an evaluation of progress to date, and discussion of plans for its extension.
Review of "Survey of public attitudes toward computers in society by Ahl, David H." Creative Computing 1, 6 (Nov.-Dec. 1975), 49-51.
Authors: Willoughby T. C.
Published: January 2007

This paper is the first comprehensive effort to survey and review the literature on computer science education published since Curriculum 68 [Report of the ACM Curriculum Committee on Computer Science, Comm. ACM 11, 3 (March 1968), 151-197]. Over 200 items are listed in the bibliography; they are dlscussed in coherent subject areas such as the philosophy of computer science programs, description of programs, descriptions of courses, and specialized areas such as master's degree and small-college programs.
Review of "Adapting to innovation: a facet analysis of the case of the computer by Elizur, Dov." Jerusalem Academic Press, Jerusalem, Israel, 1970, 215 pp.
Authors: Anderson R. E.
Published: January 2007

This hard-to-find monograph is important for two reasons: it is one of the most extensive studies of the effects of computerization on work roles, and it can be considered the first and only text on Guttman's facet analysis. Elizur reports a survey of 450 employees, Including supervisors as well as skilled and unskilled workers, within three large, complex organizations in Holland. Included in the study were a "large governmental payroll administration," a bank, and a "public organization."
Review of "Management standards for developing information systems by Enger, Norman L." American Management Association, New York, 1976, 227 pp., ISBN 0-8144-5425-9
Authors: Gerber T.
Published: January 2007

The author's mission is to show how data processing costs can be estimated and controlled . The message is primarily for general managers, and the emphasis is on long-run control . Only one of the ten chapters is concerned with operations efficiency . Thus, project management and associated topics are the focus of the book.
Review of "E.D.P. management styles and interactions between E.D.P. staff and others in organisations of a semi bureaucratic nature by Priestly, Ian G." in Proc. 6th Australian computer conf., Vol. 1, (Sydney, May 20-24, 1974), 1974, 281-286
Authors: Willoughby T. C.
Published: January 2007

Computer programmer aptitude tests are widely used, in relation to all kinds of computer jobs. They are accepted on trust, in the absence of any better selection tool. This paper refers to two studies which showed significant correlation between aspects of systems analysis or programming and scores in standard psychometric tests. It then considers what else needs doing, and describes a collaborative study planned to take place in 1975-76, to compare results of tests taken during final undergraduate year with subsequent success in tasks performed in industry or commerce.
Review of"The industrial engineer and the data center by Volpel, John H." in Proc. AIIE 1974 Spring Annual Conf. (25th Annual Conf. and Convention, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 22-24, 1974), American Inst. of Industrial Engineers, Inc., Norcross, Georgia, 1974, 36-40
Authors: Willoughby T. C.
Published: January 2007

Missed deadlines and unsatisfactory first release systems continue to plague software developers after more than 20 years of experience. Increased availability of trained staff and the advent of adequate generative systems to produce known software items like language processors, etc., automatically have not, apparently, contributed to solving the problem. The orientation of this paper is that software planning remains an unknown skill for technical/administration groups. It points out three common errors in the way planning is generally carried out and relates planning failures to these fundamental errors.
Review of "Planning to meet software deadlines by Walsh, Dorothy." in Proc. 6th Australian computer conf., Vol. 2, (Sydney, May 20-24, 1974), 1974, 480-490
Authors: Willoughby T. C.
Published: January 2007

This article should be read and discussed by everyone connected with computer science education. The data collected by the authors has been needed for some time. In view of the employment problem for new P.D.'s in other scientific fields, we certainly need data on the past and present employment pattern of computer science Ph.D.'s so we can better plan for the future. Though the authors have limited the study to Ph.D.-producing departments, the results are valuable and interesting. One area where more data would be very helpful is to learn the needs and requirements from non-Ph.D.-producing colleges and universities. It has been noted informally for several years that this will be one of the biggest markets for new Ph.D.'s. The authors also are aware of this from remarks they make, so possibly they will include such data in their follow-up studies.
Organizational dynamics
Authors: Oyer Paul D.
Published: January 2007

The successful leaders of dynamic organizations are those who have learned Politics. They know "how to Beat the Bureaucracy" and "How to Mold Teams of people into a Dynamic organization" dedicated to achieving a common goal.
Book Review: The FORTEC Conspiracy, by Richard M. Garvin and Edmund Addeo (SIGNET Science Fiction 1968).
Authors: Swift Richard
Published: January 2007

While I was browsing among my friend's considerable paperback collection, a slim volume of science fiction caught my eye. I was intrigued by the title, having been a member of ForTec (Fortran Technical Committee of ACM SIGPLAN, which existed from 1982-84 and published the predecessor of Fortran Forum).
Summary of revised Fortran -- Part 2
Authors: Meissner Loren P.
Published: January 2007

Note: This is the second of two articles summarizing the current Fortran revision. The first article appeared in Fortran Forum 8:2 SN 21, May 1989.
Using standard Fortran - past, present, and future
Authors: Clarke Alan
Published: January 2007

At a recent Fortran Forum, a show of hands indicated that while 20% of Fortran users are still stuck with Fortran 66 (i.e., manufacturer's products called Fortran IV), the majority have now progressed to the newer more powerful Fortran 77 standard (for which manufacturers use various names - to be sure it is Fortran 77, check the small print).
From the editor
Authors: Meissner Loren P.
Published: January 2007

With this issue, your Fortran newsletter becomes a "special interest publication" of ACM SIGPLAN, rather than a publication of the SIGPLAN "Technical Committee on Fortran (Fortec)". Fortec was dissolved by ACM, effective July 1 1984, because of "marginal viability" (see numerous editorials in previous issues of Fortec Forum).
Has Fortran a future?
Authors: Metcalf Michael
Published: January 2007

For over 25 years Fortran has dominated all other programming languages in the field of scientific and engineering computation. Although much denigrated by computer-science purists, it has consistently shown itself to be attractive to scientific users because its basic simplicity and power of expression appeal to non-specialists. Can this situation continue? Will the introduction of Fortran 77 lead to an upsurge in the use of the language, providing it with momentum sufficient to carry it through to the end of the decade? Shall we witness a conflict between Fortran 8X and Ada?This paper takes stock of the present status of Fortran and describes its likely development, before going on to speculate on possible trends until the turn of the century.
On evolution of Fortran
Authors: Van Tuyl Robert R.
Published: January 2007

The GTE Government Systems Corporation, Western Division is engaged in real time and other application software development. Clearly we need the best available tools with which to do the job consistent with our customer constraints. For a variety of reasons, I believe that Fortran will remain an important programming tool. The most important of these reasons may be that it has adapted slowly to the changing needs of the software development community.The purpose of this paper is to describe four things which should be done to Fortran in the near term. First, we should not add additional control statements. Second, we should add a data structure feature. Third, a referential facility should be added to the language. Fourth, we should add a few simple things that can hide information in one part of a program from another part.
From the editor
Authors: Wagener Jerrold L.
Published: January 2007

Is ForTec Forum really "A Quarterly Publication"? The answer is obviously, "Not yet." The first issue was dated July 1982, and the second issue is dated December 1982. But more ForTec activities are being planned, more members are joining, and more material is coming in. Therefore, after an initial slow start, we should be on a quarterly schedule very soon.
Using standard Fortran - past, present, and future
Authors: Clarke Alan
Published: January 2007

For those who use Basic, Cobol, Algol, or any other non-Fortran language, these articles attempt to outline the essence of Fortran, the things that ordinary Fortran users find most useful. Bells and whistles are ignored and preference given to a few essential concepts. Some personal opinions and questions are presented in the hope that readers will forward their views.
BYLAWS of the SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP ON FORTH
Authors: Curley Charles
Published: January 2007

(a) This organization will be called the Special Interest Group on Forth ("SIGForth") of the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. ("The ACM"); it will be referred to herein as "the Group".(b) The scope of the Group's specialty is to promote the education, scientific, and technical interchange of information related to all aspects of the programming language Forth.(c) All activities of the Group will be consistent with the purposes of all SIGs listed in Bylaw 7 of the ACM.
A glossary utility for Forth
Authors: Curley Charles
Published: January 2007

This article describes a short glossariser utility which is useful for documenting Forth applications and utilities. It was written in real-FORTH, the author's product, an upgraded and modernized descendent of fig-FORTH. The utility produces a series of glossary entry headers on a set of screens, and includes a sort routine. The results may then be exported from Forth as a text file, imported into a word processor, and elaborated into a complete glossary. This article includes a glossary of the utility prepared with the glossariser utility.
Some opinions and proposals on ANS Forth
Authors: Shaw George
Published: January 2007

Opinion Time. Warning: The text you are about to read is my personal opinion and, though it may be shared by others, who they are and whether they are a majority or not is not claimed. There, now that I've disconnected myself from my position, we can get to the juicy stuff.
Words from the chairman
Authors: Shaw George
Published: January 2007

Welcome to SIGForth! Some of you may not know why you are receiving this newsletter. Most of the copies of this first issue are being distributed to members of SIGPlan as the result of a grant from their Executive Committee. Much thanks to SIGPlan for their support in helping get SIGForth started. If you are not a SIGPlan member and are receiving this, you may have just been lucky enough to hit one of our promotional lists. Otherwise, yo may just be a SIGForth member.
Book Review: Machine independent organic software tools (MINT) by Godfrey, M.D.; Hendry, D.F.; Hermons, HJ.; and Hessenberg, R.K. (Academic Press, New York, Second Edition (1985) 375 pages $36.00)
Authors: Frenger Paul
Published: January 2007

Why would anyone review a book written in 1982, seven years after its original publication date? Because in its own way, this book is as seminal as Loeliger's
Threaded Interpretive Languages
(which is highly regarded as a blueprint for implementing Forth and Forth-like computer languages). This arcane treatise deserves a second look by anyone interested in threaded languages, compiler construction, software transport-ability and yes, dedicated language processors.
For text files
Authors: Zimmer Tom
Published: January 2007

As someone who has used and implemented both screen and text file oriented Forth systems I believe I have a reasonable perspective on the tradeoffs between the two.
Four refutations of text files
Authors: Rodriguez Bradford J.
Published: January 2007

"If all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail." - Baruch's Observation "If all you have is an IBM PC, everything looks like MS-DOS." Rodriguez' Reformulation
Euroforth
Authors: Schleisiek-Kern Klaus
Published: January 2007

Forth Gesellschaft eV (FG) held their annual meeting in Aachen from April 7--9, 1989. It was hosted by the University of Aachen, Department of Digital Process Control. Fifty people attended and 15 presentations were given.
The changing relationships between computing centers, other campus units and university administrations
Authors: Lee J. A. N.
Published: January 2007

I am grateful to the Program Committee of SIGUCCS for inviting me to talk to you this afternoon. I remember your program chairman, John Skelton, when he was a Ph.D. candidate at the University if Denver, and I was returning as a faculty member after ten years as Computing Center Director and Department Head. He seems to have progressed in the opposite direction. With this background and recent experiences in visiting a number of universities to review their academic programs, we lighted upon the topic of "The Changing Relationship Between the Computing Center, other Campus Units, and the Administration." I guess that classifies me as an expert -- "ex" -- a has been, and "spurt" -- a drip under pressure, or as Heisenberg suggested "someone who knows some of the worst mistakes that can be made in his subject". I am hoping that what I say today will not merely be a recitation of mistakes, but a suggestion of the means by which we can foster these changing relationships. While I serve (for another three months) as the Vice-President of ACM, what I say cannot represent the views of ACM on this matter. But let me give you some of my personal observations both from Virginia Tech and other institutions that I have visited recently, and from conversations with some of my colleagues in ACM.
The new wave of computing in colleges and universities
Authors: Kling Rob
Published: January 2007

North American colleges and universities have changed noticeably in the last five years. Undergraduates care more about jobs, grades and getting through quietly. Few faculty champion these changes. Many faculty and students have also gained access to a new array of computing equipment -- from microcomputers to supercomputers. Many campuses have some kind of rudimentary computer networking and some support electronic mail for faculty and staff. New technologies can be exciting. The press and institutional announcements often romanticize this new wave of academic computerization. Every campus has a cadre of students and faculty who value some of these computerization efforts and who hope for more.
Intellectual property rights
Authors: Toppen David L. , Morgan Barbara , McIsaac Don , Ringle Martin , Giardina Richard
Published: January 2007

Morgan:
Intellectual property issues that have arisen at Berkeley are not related specifically to copyrighting and licensing of computer software. Our impetus to begin this effort did not, in fact, come from the success of VisiCalc. It came in late '82 and '83, when there was a great deal of interest within the UC system about some of the implications of the new genetics engineering technology that many of our faculty were involved in. We began system-wide reviews of appropriate faculty conduct, intellectual property rights, and other issues related to "intangible research products." Ideas such as conflict of commitment, as well as conflict of interest arose in these discussions and carried over into the later ones on software.
Fault detection of MOS combinatorial networks
Authors: El-ziq Yacoub M.
Published: January 2007

Since the technology has gone into large and very large scale
integration (LSI and VLSI), one important problem is the testing of such integrated circuits. Recently, increasing interest and attention has been given to “design for testability” or design of diagnosable digital networks.

Computer algorithms for designing diagnosable metal oxide
semiconductor (MOS) networks have recently been presented by these authors. In this paper, we discuss the testing aspect of these designed networks.

A basic cell model was presented for the purpose of simulation and
test generation. Procedures for describing the generation of a complete fault detection set for the complex cell are given. Both minimal and near-minimal solutions are presented for both fan-out free and arbritrary complex cells respectively. Also, a procedure for generating the fault detection test list for arbitrary combinational networks is given also.

Some future work problems are presented and the application of this
design technique for improving the LSI and VLSI testability is introduced.
Mixed-level simulation from a hierarchical CHDL
Authors: Johnson William A. , Crowley Jeri Jane , Ray J. D.
Published: January 2007

A system for mixed-level design simulation from a comprehensive CHDL
is introduced. The CHDL supports hierarchical design descriptions at behavioral, logic and electrical levels. A design is described as a set of interconnected blocks, where each block may be described at any of the three levels. A mixed-level simulation capability is described. Designs may be simulated at any of these levels, or at a mixture of levels. Simulateneous simulation of a given block at two levels is also supported. Problems related to implementation of such a system are discussed.
ROUT
Authors: Parmar Kirti , Smith Robert J.
Published: January 2007

ROUT is a computer program written in FORTRAN which simulates some of the characteristics of a mazerunning router for a two-layer printed circuit board. The objective of this program is not to actually route from-tos, but rather to aid in studying the effects of various wiring rules. For this reason, from-to points and wire segments are generated and placed using pseudo-random techniques. No actual connections are made. Rather, congestion is developed on the board as if the pseudo-randomly generated from-tos had actually been routed. ROUT has been developed and implemented on the University of Texas, Austin's CDC CYBER computer system for use in a graduate course in Digital Design Automation.
KARL subset used as a hardware design algebra
Authors: Hartenstein Reiner W.
Published: January 2007

By means of an example this paper describes the use of the Computer
Hardware Description Language KARL to develop the concise specification of design problems such as generating the input to register trnsfer level simulators, or, to routing algorithms.
A placement technique based on minimization and even distribution of crossovers
Authors: Wang Pao-Tsin
Published: January 2007

The component placement problem encountered in the design of cards
PCB's, etc. is a complex one. Although many solutions have been reported, they appear to share one common characteristic, i.e., the objective functions to be optimized are usually based on the classic minimum wiring distance.

The time seems ripe for both industry and academia to realize that
better and more effective objective functions are needed. A concept of producing placement by abandoning the traditional distance based criterion is presented. The emphasis is on a minimal number of crossovers and even distributions of these crossovers along some boundaries.

Since the concept has not been implemented, there is no numerical data available for comparison. A few points of concern are raised and hopefully they will stimulate further research in the area of component placement.
A multi-technology topology and connectivity checking program for MP2D implemented arrays
Authors: Wagner Barry S.
Published: January 2007

The large scale use of the MP2D program along both defense and
commercially oriented companies has created the need for an inexpensive means of checking the correctness of the resulting standard-cell based array designs. This checking program has successfully met the requirements of low program execution cost, multi-technology capability, and ease of use.
Planning for OS/2 support
Authors: Leffler Cathy
Published: January 2007

Whether we plan for it or not, there is little doubt that the OS/2 operating system will be one of many significant new elements in the diverse computing environments on university and college campuses. As user services professionals, we must help our constituents make educated decisions as to whether or not they will migrate to OS/2, and when they should do so. We must then be prepared to help them make a smooth transition to this new computing environment.
Bringing technology into pedagogy
Authors: Moss Jim , Levine Larry , Ayen William
Published: January 2007

Moss: Let me introduce these two distinguished gentlemen on my left. Lt. Col. William Ayen is the Associate Dean of Resources at the Air Force Academy. He has a Ph.D. from Ohio State and did his undergraduate work at Wisconsin. He has done quite a remarkable job advancing the efforts of computing at the Air Force Academy. Immediately on my left is Larry Levine who is from Dartmouth College as the Director of User Services. He has a Ph.D. in Education from Indiana University and he will talk about the program at Dartmouth. The third member of the panel who was unable to attend, unfortunately, was Col. Lance Leach who is the Assistant Dean for Computing at the Military Academy and also a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Rensselaer. Since he's not here, I'm substituting.
Computing center management
Authors: Valleman Agelia , Haffner Larry , Danziger Michael
Published: January 2007

A scant ten years ago, campuses began to embrace time-sharing as an alternative to remote batch computing. Only two years ago, or so, did we experience an unwavering infusion of microcomputing into research and instruction. And only within the past year have we witnessed the impact of supercomputing on the academic environment. All of these transitions have precipitated significant changes to the complexion of academic computing. These changes have compelled us to examine the
strategies
we use for delivering services to the academic community. Empirically, the length of time between major transitions has shortened. Our key challenge, therefore, is to anticipate the next transition now and concomitantly adapt our strategies for delivering services.
Planning for academic departmental systems
Authors: McClure Polley Ann
Published: January 2007

I want to describe the computing environment at our campus and how departmental computing fits in, the goals that we envisioned for the departmental planning process, and the process that we have developed over the last two years. I'll also describe the model that we are continuing to develop to assist in the estimation of cost and in the negotiation of funding for departmental systems and show you three brief examples of plans which our academic departments have developed. Finally, I want to share my observations about the strengths and weaknesses of this process.
Should Students Learn Integration Rules?
Authors: Buchberger Bruno
Published: January 2007

In this note we formulate a didactic principle that can govern the use of symbolic computation software systems in math courses. The principle states that, in the treatment of each subarea of mathematics, one must distinguish between a "white-box" and a "black box" phase. In the "white box" phase, algorithms must be studied thoroughly, i.e. the underlying theory must be treated completely and algorithmic examples must be studied in all details. In the black box phase, problem instances from the area can be solved by using symbolic computation software systems. This principle can be applied recursively.
Impact of fairness on Internet performance
Authors: Bonald Thomas , Massoulié Laurent
Published: January 2007

We discuss the relevance of fairness as a design objective for congestion control mechanisms in the Internet. Specifically, we consider a backbone network shared by a dynamic number of short-lived flows, and study the impact of bandwidth sharing on network performance. In particular, we prove that for a broad class of fair bandwidth allocations, the total number of flows in progress remains finite if the load of every link is less than one. We also show that provided the bandwidth allocation is "sufficiently" fair, performance is optimal in the sense that the throughput of the flows is mainly determined by their access rate. Neither property is guaranteed with unfair bandwidth allocations, when priority is given to one class of flow with respect to another. This suggests current proposals for a differentiated services Internet may lead to suboptimal utilization of network resources.
Blocking in large mobile cellular networks with bursty traffic
Authors: Hegde Nidhi , Sohraby Khosrow
Published: January 2007

We consider large cellular networks. The traffic entering the network is assumed to be correlated in both
space
and
time.
The space dependency captures the possible correlation between the arrivals to different nodes in the network, while the time dependency captures the time correlation between arrivals to each node. We model such traffic with a Markov-Modulated Poisson Process(MMPP).It is shown that even in the single node environment, the problem is not mathematically tractable. A model with an infinite number of circuits is used to approximate the finite model. A novel recursive methodology is introduced in finding the joint moments of the number of busy circuits in different cells in the network leading to accurate determination of blocking probability. A simple mixed-Poisson distribution is introduced as an accurate approximation of the distribution of the number ofbusy circuits.We show that for certain cases, in the system with an infinite number of circuits in each cell, there is no effect of mobility on the performance of the system. Our numerical results indicate that the traffic burstiness has a major impact on the system performance. The mixed-Poisson approximation is found to be a very good fit to the exact finite model. The performance of this approximation using few moments is affected by traffic burstiness and average load. We find that in a reasonable range of traffic burstiness, the mixed-Poisson distribution provides a close approximation.
Performance modeling of elastic traffic in overload
Authors: Bonald Thomas , Roberts James
Published: January 2007

While providers generally aim to avoid congestion by adequate provisioning, overload can clearly occur on certain network links. In this paper we propose some simple preliminary models for an overloaded link accounting for user impatience and reattempt behavior.
Microassembly and area reduction techniques for PLA microcode
Authors: Papachriston Christos A. , Reuter James M.
Published: January 2007

This paper presents new techniques for generating PLA microcode with the overall goal of implementing functions or algorithms in VLSI. The microcode is appropriate for PLA-based microarchitectures with powerful sequencing capabilities already proposed. A microassembly language is introduced with unusual flexibility for conditional field assembly and capability to support microarchitectures based on PLA stores An important contribution of this work is an area reduction algorithm for PLA microcode based on a breadth-first graph searching approach. Experimental results provided demonstrate the viability and usefulness of the proposed technique for designing PLA firmware in a VLSI environment.
An algorithm for selection of migration candidates
Authors: Holtkamp B. , Wagner P.
Published: January 2007

The NP-Completeness of the selection problem of vertical migration candidates is shown by reducing it to the NP-complete knapsack problem. Based on approximation algorithms for the latter problem a new algorithm is presented, which takes into account the call relations between functions in a complex system. Then the developed algorithm is applied to the UNIX operating system as a representative for complex systems.
Transparent microprogramming in support of abstract type oriented dynamic vertical migration
Authors: Carter Edward M. , Winner Robert I.
Published: January 2007

Migration of functionality into microcode for the purposes of performance improvement and increased security may be oriented toward the migration of abstract data types. This provides a model of migration consistent with current models of machine architecture. An advantage is that information in making migration decisions can be drawn from the programmer's model of his problem as encapsulated in the data types in the program. In addition, the migration can be sensitive to changes in type visibility in various execution environments of the program. The paper discusses language aspects of abstract type oriented migration (ATOM) and details a working prototype implementation. Ada is used as the source language in the description of ATOM but C is used in the prototype.
Design decisions influencing the microarchitecture for a Prolog machine
Authors: Dobry T. P. , Patt Y. N. , Despain A. M.
Published: January 2007

The PLM-1 is the first step in the hardware implementation of a heterogeneous MIMD processor for logic programming. This paper describes its ISP architecture, and discusses in detail some of the design decisions relative to its microarchitecture.
A retargetable compiler for a high-level microprogramming language
Authors: Marwedel Peter
Published: January 2007

A compiler for the generation of microcode for a high-level microprogramming language is presented. The compiler is target machine independent. The input to the compiler consists of a hardware description, a high-level microprogram and a set of program transformation rules. The compiler is able to take advantage of optimization techniques which are used by microprogrammers because many of these can be represented by program transformation rules.