bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Likelihood Ratio Test for Publication Bias – a Proof of Concept
Authors: Lenartowicz Paweł
Published: November 2024

Publication bias poses a serious challenge to the integrity of scientific research and meta-analyses. There exist persistent methodological obstacles for estimating this bias, especially with heterogeneous dataset, where studies vary widely in methodologies and effect sizes. To address this gap, I propose a Likelihood Ratio Test for Publication Bias, a statistical method designed to detect and quantify publication bias in datasets of heterogeneous studies results. I also show the proof-of-concept implementation developed in Python and simulations that evaluate the performance. The results demonstrate that this new method clearly outperforms existing methods like Z-Curve 2 and the Caliper test in estimating the magnitude of publication bias, showing higher precision and reliability. While inherent challenges in publication bias detection remain, such as the influence of different research practices and the need for large sample sizes, the Likelihood Ratio Test offers a significant advancement in addressing these issues.
Psychological distress and mental health disparities over time between tertiary students and community peers living in Australia
Authors: Teo Shu Mei , Gan Daniel , Wang Mengmeng , Browne Vivienne , Baker David , Smith Catherine , Filia Kate M. , Killackey Eóin , Gao Caroline
Published: November 2024

Abstract Purpose: Tertiary students have been recognised as a high-risk population for psychological distress yet, in Australia, have been overlooked in population-level surveillance, health service provision and mental health policy. This study sought to explore trends in self-reported psychological distress and general mental health of tertiary students compared to their community peers in Australia from 2007 to 2022— a timeframe which spans the pre-, mid-, and immediate-post-COVID time periods. Methods: The Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey was used as a basis for this study. Focusing on participants aged 18 to 35 from survey waves spanning 2007 to 2022 (average n = 4415 per year), participants were categorised into three groups: working only, tertiary students and working, and tertiary students only. Psychological distress and general mental health were measured using the Kessler-10 scale and the Mental Health Inventory-5, respectively. Weighted regression models compared outcomes between students and non-students.Results: Psychological distress and poor mental health have risen among young Australians, with the sharpest increase since 2019. Tertiary students, especially those studying only, showed significantly higher distress and poorer mental health than working peers. Although adjusting for covariates attenuated the associations, the higher distress levels in students persisted post-2019. Loneliness, long-term disabilities, and poor general health were correlates of poor mental health across all groups.Conclusions: Findings highlight the need for targeted care models for tertiary students, including enhanced campus mental health support and screening services, financial support, social connection programs, and digital health solutions.
Doing Team Science at Scale: Practical Guidelines for Leading a Crowdsourced Scientific Collaboration in Psychology
Authors: Panasiuk Sofia L , Kulzhabayeva Dana , Reza Mohi , Kumar Harsh , Bhattacharjee Ananya , Cheung Felix , Williams Joseph Jay
Published: November 2024

Scientific collaborations in psychology have had tremendous positive impacts on the field. Team science has enabled the systematic study of cross-cultural phenomena, increased confidence in psychological findings through greater sample sizes, and tackled more complex studies through interdisciplinary collaboration. Despite the promise of scientific collaborations, they can be difficult to inaugurate and maintain. In February 2023, we initiated and began to manage our own crowdsourcing study which involved ten external collaborators. To aid others aiming to start a scientific collaboration, in this tutorial, we foreground existing theoretical literature on effective collaborations, document a collaborative study we ran which relied on crowdsourcing experimental conditions, and provide templates of the collaborative documents we used throughout our study. Our aim is to leverage our experience to provide practical guidelines for researchers wishing to lead their own collaborative study
A Genealogy of Silencing: Tracing the Impact of Critiques of the Hegemonic Discourse on Female Genital Mutilation
Authors: Van Bavel Hannelore , Carver Natasha , Takyiakwaa Dorothy
Published: November 2024

Background: There is an internationally accepted discourse on ‘Female Genital Mutilation’ which understands it as a human rights violation, a major health concern, and an extreme form of gendered violence. Since the 1980s, African women, postcolonial feminists and anthropologists have critiqued this discourse as ethnocentric and racist. Aims: We examine the genealogy of the hegemonic anti-FGM discourse, identify alternative perspectives and analyse the extent to which they were integrated, co-opted, disregarded or silenced. Materials and methods: This genealogy draws upon a comprehensive review of the literature critiquing the dominant discourse on FGM, supplemented through analyses of British Colonial Office correspondence, documents from the (Parliamentary) ‘Committee for the Protection of Coloured Women in the Crown Colonies’, Church Missionary Society periodicals, debates in the UK Houses of Parliament, and UN (including WHO) reports and meeting minutes.Results: Alternative perspectives on female circumcision and critiques of the dominant narrative have been formulated throughout the history of the anti-FGM campaign. However, they have been silenced through various silencing mechanisms, and thus not permeated the hegemonic discourse. Outrage and backlash continue as silencing mechanisms around two contentious topics that embody colonial double standards: medicalised female circumcision and adult women’s right to choose female circumcision.
The Policy of Refugee Reception and the Policing of Public Space in Paris
Authors: Cremaschi Marco , Vitale Tommaso
Published: November 2024

An examination of public space provides insights into the disconnection between regulation and reception within the Parisian context. The visibility of refugees in public spheres has been instrumental in heightening civic consciousness in Paris. Simultaneously, it serves as a subject of political apprehension and an opportunity for the display of state-inflicted violence by humanitarian NGOs, too. The governance of public open spaces extends beyond traditional command and control approaches, emphasizing delegation, integration of new knowledge and technologies, negotiation, and self-regulation. The central concern involves an evolving, albeit ambiguous and partially contradictory, process of outsourcing certain aspects of reception policies without a well-experienced governance mode (Artioli, Le Galès, 2023).The first section describes the relevant social geography of Paris. Social transformations due to deindustrialization have left a lasting impact, concentrating immigrant populations in areas marked by blue-collar workers and social housing estates. While Paris actively engages in social and redistributive policies, achieving a balanced geographical distribution for diverse social groups remains a challenge.The ensuing section delineates the social policy responsibilities of both central and local institutions, against the backdrop of which the handling of refugees has transformed into a separate specific policy domain. Despite ongoing collaboration in Paris, challenges endure due to the stance of the French government and the inadequate coordination within the EU.The following three sections analyse the role of space in framing the reception policies of Paris, paying reference to different ways of framing the space:-The so-called ‘Project Territories’ of the EU Structural Funds exhibit a progressive drift where coalitions of territorial actors reinterpret national rules following their competencies (and expertise). -Locally managed reception comes to a standstill in the face of state normative injunctions. -Government authorities and local actors consciously use space for repressive purposes, even to manage conflicts between potentially incompatible uses.The conclusions deal with the evolving landscape of local reception policies driven by state and non-state actors. Despite innovative efforts, there is a lack of coherence, and central dispersion policies (Dollet, 2023) contradict local commitments, raising questions about the role of local governance. However, the cyclical coming and going between the dismantling of refugee camps and sheltering asylum seekers question the notion and scope of integration, highlighting the porous boundary between formal and informal regulations. Besides, the design of policies cannot underestimate the role of space in shaping welcoming practices.
RENDERING ENGLISH FICTION INDEFINITE PRONOUNS INTO UKRAINIAN: A CORPUS APPROACH
Authors: Lytvynov Oleksandr O.
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with an investigation into the usage of English indefinite nominal pronouns in modern fictional discourse and the specificity of their rendering into Ukrainian with employment of corpus approach. The pronouns under study have been selected by the entire sampling method from the complete register compiled on the basis of the novel by J.K. Rowling “Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban” and its Ukrainian version translated by V. Morozov. There have been determined the semantic structures of nine English indefinite pronouns based on their formal characteristics and the dictionary entries’ analysis. The units under analysis have been divided into three structural-semantic types according to their form and meaning, wherein two semantic subtypes have been distinguished. The lexemes of each of type have been distributed in decreasing sequence on a zero-ten frequency scale. There have been calculated the expected frequencies per 1,000 words for each of the types to suggest the probability of their usage in a text. The most frequent and the least frequent indefinite pronouns and pronoun types have been revealed, as well as the lexemes possessing medium frequencies. It has been identified that pronouns with 'some' are of highest frequency when pronouns with 'ever’ – the lowest, and pronouns with 'any’ are in between. The most frequent is the pronoun ‘something’, the least frequent is the pronoun ‘whoever’. Pronouns ‘anyone’ and ‘someone’ have demonstrated the average frequency in the microcorpus under analysis. With the use of the immediate constituents’ analysis and contextual analysis there have been revealed the peculiarities of the pronouns’ usage in the source text. Based on the transformational analysis there have been specified the translation methods and types of translation shifts employed for adequate rendering of the pronouns into Ukrainian. The most common methods of the analysed pronouns’ translation have been proved to be equivalent translation, omission, addition, lexical and lexico-grammatical replacements, with additions and grammatical shifts.
THE USE OF SPOKEN CORPORA FOR LEARNING FRENCH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (BASED ON ESLO, FLEURON, CLAPI, AND CFPP2000)
Authors: Strashko Iryna V.
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with the educational and linguistic potential in use of oral corpora for learning French as a foreign language. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part illustrates the contribution of studies based on oral corpora in foreign language acquisition, French in particular. It also analyses the integration of corpora in educational process. The second one gives a brief overview on four speech corpora (the ESLOs, FLEURON, CLAPI, and CFPP2000), shortly describes their specifics, thematic orientation, some peculiarities of working with them. It also gives examples of concrete educational applications for vocabulary learning. The third part looks at some aspects of the use of corpora for language study, highlighting its advantages, difficulties, and challenges of oral corpora employment. Here it is emphasized the use of speech corpora in practice of teaching and learning French language learning is an effective addition to traditional educational technologies. They can be used as supporting material, which allows the teacher to correlate the learning objectives and the teaching methods. The way of working with them requires rethinking the way of teaching and learning: this approach combines empirical adequacy, authenticity, and adaptation, and the possibility of independent learner’s work. It also implies technical, theoretical, methodological, and educational support for both the teacher and the learner. The use of these corpora can be effective and interesting if it bases on a clear program and is gradual, consistent, and systematic.
DOMINANT INVECTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF MANIPULATION IN ENGLISH NEWSPAPER TEXTS
Authors: Saiko Nina O.
Published: November 2024

The importance of the media in relation to the problems caused by risk and uncertainty, which led to potential distortions with a significant impact on public opinion, is outlined. There is a contradiction in the hypothesis that the press in its content is a tool to encourage negative attitudes towards people who may be the probable cause of violence and a propagandist of widespread invective beliefs. The peculiarities of the reflection of the issue of migrants on the pages of English newspapers are analyzed. Examples of negative appeals in the columns of English newspapers are presented. Significant results of the research through the prism of polarized and aggressive materials of the English-language press in the context of different countries are noted. Emphasis is placed on the negative approach to the coverage of immigration and ethnic relations, as well as the reflection of the stereotypical image of a bad doctor. It is indicated that the obtained factual material of the image-stereotype structure consists of a certain set of components of nuclear and peripheral qualifiers. The most common problems in the context of the relationship in the “doctor-patient” system are highlighted. Similarities and differences in stereotypes within the analyzed linguistic cultures are revealed. The content and reasons for using the neutralization strategy to reproduce the invective are characterized. The strategy of stylistic replacement in the conditions of expediency of changing the language expression to a language function of the target culture similar in its functions is singled out. Stylistic amplification (or emphasis) and cases of its appropriate application are considered. It is noted that for the purpose of language aggression neologisms with inherent evaluation and adherent evaluation can be used. It is stipulated that the detection of invective vocabulary is relevant in the linguistic examination of controversial texts in cases of insult.
Discrepâncias entre a democracia idealizada e a democracia percecionada: um estudo comparativo entre Portugal e Espanha
Authors: Manso Calha António Geraldo
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Existe uma perceção crescente de que a democracia nos países ocidentais enfrenta uma crise, caracterizada por uma erosão do seu apoio popular e pelo crescente sentimento de desconfiança nas instituições democráticas. A dificuldade no conhecimento das causas do fenómeno do recuo democrático é desde logo condicionada pela falta de consenso na definição do conceito de democracia, devido à sua complexidade e multidimensionalidade. Metodología: Os dados utilizados na investigação provêm do European Social Survey (round 10: 2020-2022), incluindo uma amostra representativa da população de Portugal e Espanha. Resultados: Os resultados indicam uma discrepância significativa entre a imagem idealizada pelos cidadãos e a sua perceção da realidade democrática em Portugal e Espanha. As expectativas idealizadas são elevadas, refletindo aspirações de justiça social, igualdade e uma democracia participativa, enquanto as perceções reais são substancialmente mais baixas, sugerindo desilusão com a implementação prática desses ideais. Discusión: Os resultados são consonantes com a tendência registada, nos últimos anos, constituindo um contexto propício para o crescimento de novos movimentos e partidos políticos que desafiam o status quo em ambos os países. Conclusiones: Os resultados deste estudo podem constituir um contributo para a formulação de políticas públicas que reduzam as discrepâncias entre expectativas e realidade democrática.
Development of Digital Competencies in Teachers and the Implementation of Virtual Classes in Arequipa
Authors: Ponce de León Castillo Carmen Rosa
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 impuso retos significativos en la educación, obligando a los docentes de Educación Básica Regular en Arequipa, Perú, a adaptarse rápidamente a la enseñanza virtual con la estrategia Aprendo en Casa. Este estudio analizó la evolución de sus competencias digitales durante este proceso. Metodología: La metodología fue cuantitativa, utilizando el cuestionario "Evaluación de la Competencia Digital de los profesores de la Educación Básica", validado por expertos en TIC. Se evaluaron cuatro dimensiones: tecnológica, informacional, mediática y pedagógica en una muestra de 246 docentes, empleando una escala de Likert para medir sus competencias. Resultados: mostraron una mejora significativa en las competencias digitales de los docentes, destacando la dimensión tecnológica, con un aumento en el uso de herramientas como videoconferencias, e-Learning y comunicación digital. Discusión: La discusión subraya la necesidad de invertir en la capacitación continua de los docentes para acelerar este progreso y garantizar una educación de calidad. Se identificaron áreas específicas que requieren más atención, como el desarrollo de competencias mediáticas y pedagógicas adaptadas a entornos virtuales. Conclusiones: Es esencial que los docentes integren metodologías activas e innovadoras para fomentar un aprendizaje significativo tanto en entornos virtuales como presenciales. La investigación resalta la importancia de políticas educativas que apoyen la formación tecnológica y metodológica de los docentes para enfrentar futuros desafíos.
Image of a black hole illuminated by a parabolic screen
Authors: Mikheeva E. V. , Repin S. V. , Lukash V. N.
Published: November 2024

A model of an illuminating black hole surface (“parabolic screen”) is proposed. This allows to avoid in a natural way the appearance of edge effects related with photons moving along the screen plane. The temperature distribution along the radius corresponds to the corresponding distribution for a relativistic disk (Novikov-Thorne disk). It is shown that the structure of the formed black hole shadow essentially differs from the case when the source of photons is a distant screen, since in the considered model the photons, subjected to strong gravitational lensing of the black hole, are emitted by the “backward” side of screen, which would not be visible in the absence of the black hole. In the thin screen approximation, shadow images are constructed for the Schwarzschild black hole in the cases when the angle between the symmetry axis of the illuminating screen and the direction to the observer is equal to 5, 30, 30 and 80 angular degrees, similar images for the Kerr black hole are constructed for the cases of 60 and 80 angular degrees.
Root-associated mycobiota of Goodyera repens (Orchidaceae) populations from three Russian regions
Authors: Bibikov N. М. , Voronina E. Yu. , Kurakov А. V.
Published: November 2024

Goodyera repens is an orchid, widespread and abundant in the coniferous forests of the northern hemisphere. Along with other members of Orchidaceae, in natural conditions it exists in obligate mycorrhizal symbiosis. Despite a long history of study, no data on the mycobiota associated with the root system of this species have been obtained for populations growing in Russia. It is therefore necessary to assess the entire diversity of fungal associates, including non-cultivated species, as well as to obtain quantitative characteristics and evaluate the geographic specificity of fungal communities. In this work, the mycobiota of the root system of G. repens growing in the Leningrad and Moscow Regions and Karachay-Cherkess Republic was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively for the first time using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 438 operational taxonomic units were identified, with the majority belonging to the subdivision Basidiomycota. The quantitative predominance of sequences of the genera Russula, Ceratobasidium, Piloderma, Mycena, and Tomentella was observed. Significant differences between fungal communities of soil and the root system of G. repens were established in all studied regions. The regional specificity of the taxonomic composition of the mycobiota was demonstrated. The taxa spectrum of the samples from Karachay-Cherkessia differed significantly from that of the Leningrad and Moscow Regions, while no notable difference was observed between the latter two. With regard to the distribution of ecological groups of fungi, no significant differences were found between the regions.
Molecular identification of wood-decaying fungi of Armillaria genus widespread in Eastern Siberia and the Far East of Russia using ITS, IGS-1-1 and Tef-1α genetic markers
Authors: Kolesnikova A. I. , Pavlov I. N. , Litovka Y. А. , Oreshkova N. V. , Timofeev А. А. , Litvinova Е. А. , Petrenko S. М. , Krutovsky К. V.
Published: November 2024

The genus Armillaria is an essential component of forest ecosystems playing very important ecological role in dead wood decomposition, but it often becomes a serious pathogen causing white root rot in trees. It is also known that Armillaria species significantly differ in the level of pathogenicity. Thus, accurate identification of Armillaria is critical for assessing the risk of tree disease. In this study we analyzed 28 Armillaria isolates from Siberia and the Far East using nucleotide sequences of ITS, IGS-1-1 and TEF-1α gene regions and generated phylogenetic trees based on maximum likelihood method. In total, four Armillaria species were identified: A borealis, A. cepistipes, A. ostoyae and A. gallica. A. borealis was the most frequent among collected isolates (18 out of 28 isolates). A. gallica, A. cepistipes and A. ostoyae were much less frequent with two, five and three isolates out of 28, respectively. Thedistribution of Armillaria species in Siberia and the Far East was described for the first time. It is concluded that further studies are necessary to determine the role of Armillaria in trees pathological dieback, and A. borealis should be a key focus.
About the First Integral in the Classical Problem of External Ballistics
Authors: Lokshin B. Ya. , Samsonov V. A.
Published: November 2024

The transcendental first integral of the classical problem of external ballistics has been retrieved from oblivion. A change of variables was proposed that transformed the integral to a compact form. This allowed for reducing the solution of the problem to constructive quadratures.
Development of the Views of Yu.N. Rabotnov on Strength Criteria of Composites
Authors: Polilov A. N.
Published: November 2024

Besides the well-known fundamental works of Yu.N. Rabotnov in the field of hereditary elasticity and creep theory, one of the aspects of his scientific activity was the mechanics of composite materials and, in particular, a new class of strength criteria for structurally anisotropic composites proposed by him.
The main feature of Yuri Rabotnov’s approach was not an attempt to construct a uniform smooth limiting surface in the stress-space, but taking into account real fracture mechanisms, which, as a rule, are directional in nature.
Now such approaches become crucial in calculation algorithms modeling the fracture process with taking into account the degradation of elastic and strength properties, but in the period of the first Yu.N. Rabotnov’s papers they were pioneering and caused certain discussions. Development and application of some of Rabotnov’s proposed types of strength criteria for fiber-reinforced composites in tension, compression and complex stress state are discussed in this anniversary paper.
Problem of Three-Point Bending of an Elastic Beam from Porous Metal
Authors: Annin B. D. , Sadovsky V. M. , Sadovskaya O. V.
Published: November 2024

Using numerical methods, we construct a solution to a physically and geometrically nonlinear problem of three-point bending of an elastic beam, made of porous metal, with rectangular cross-section. Unlike the classical version of the problem for a homogeneous beam, the heterogeneity over the cross-section due to material compaction because of the collapse of pores, which occurs in the compression zone at sufficiently large deflections, is taken into account. To describe the elastic state of a porous metal, the stress – strain diagram of a bimodular medium is used. The results of computations of strong bending of a beam, made of the low-porosity aluminum foam, are presented. These results demonstrate the difference between the obtained solution and similar solutions for beams, made of homogeneous porous and compacted material.
Сompression and Shear of an Ideal-plastic Wedge with a Rough Stamp (Frictional Contact Model)
Authors: Sakharov A. N. , Ryabinina A. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The transfer of shear force through frictional contact on rough surfaces of precompressed plastic bodies is studied. As a contact model, we consider the problem of plastic compression of a wedge by a rough flat stamp with the condition of Prandtl friction on the contact surface. A technique is proposed for determining the maximum shear load perceived by frictional contact.
Fracture Criteria for Matrix and Fibers in Unidirectional Polymeric Composites at Static Loadings
Authors: Oleynikov A. I.
Published: November 2024

When analyzing the strength of structures made of layered fibrous polymer composite materials; the criteria for failure of a monolayer – a unidirectional reinforced composite – are used. A criterion of strength according to the conditions of matrix fracture is formulated, corresponding to conical limiting surfaces and the lowest destructive loads. The criterion of strength according to the condition of fiber failure, which does not allow the paradox of increasing strength in the region of transition from fiber destruction to matrix failure, is given. Experimental verification of the criteria for volumetric, planar, and one-dimensional loads is carried out. Their better correspondence to empirical data is shown and their advantages in comparison with known criteria are marked. A small number of easily detectable parameters of these criteria contribute to their reliability and stability in strength calculations of composite structural elements.
Scattering of Acoustic Waves by an Inhomogeneous Elastic Cylindrical Shell of Finite Length in a Half-Space
Authors: Efimov D. Yu.
Published: November 2024

An analytical solution to the problem of diffraction of a plane acoustic wave on a radially inhomogeneous thick-walled elastic cylindrical shell of finite length is obtained. The cylindrical shell is located in an acoustic half-space filled with an ideal liquid. The boundary of the half-space is an acoustically rigid or acoustically soft surface. The results of calculations of the acoustic field in the far zone are presented.
Synthesis of phosphinic structural analogue of Met-Glu-His-Phe
Authors: Shevchenko V. P. , Borodachev А. V. , Dmitriev М. E. , Shevchenko К. V. , Kalashnikova I. P. , Ivanov А. N. , Nagaev I. Yu. , Ragulin V. V. , Myasoedov N. F.
Published: November 2024

The synthesis of a phosphinic structural analogue of the tetrapeptide Met-Glu-γ-His-Phe by adding the dipeptide component His-Phe to the adamantyl ester of the phosphinic pseudo-Met-[P]-Glu-peptide in the form of cyclic glutamate anhydride is proposed. The conditions for the interaction of phosphinic pseudo-Met-[P]-Glu-anhydride with His-Phe in free form to form phosphinic Met-[P]-Glu-γ-His-Phe tetrapeptide have been found. A chromatographic mass-spectrometry study, including MS2, and NMR of the phosphinic tetrapeptide on 1H, 13C, 31P nuclei was carried out using the methods of two-dimensional 1H–1H COSY, 1H–13C HSQC and 1H–13C HMBC NMR spectroscopy.
Features of the Reaction of Ortho-Carboranyl Lithium with 3,6-Bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine
Authors: Moseev T. D. , Smyshlyaeva L. A. , Kopchuk D. S. , Ishmetova R. I. , Slepukhin P. A. , Rybakova A. V. , Rusinov G. L. , Zyryanov G. V. , Varaksin M. V. , Charushin V. N. , Chupakhin O. N.
Published: November 2024

The action of in situ generated ortho-carboranyl lithium on 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine leads to the formation of bis(ortho-carboranyl)diformylhydrazide as a product of the opening of the 1,2,4,5-tetrazine ring with the release of a nitrogen molecule, while the expected products of ipso-substitution of the pyrazole fragment were not detected. The structure of the obtained symmetrical bis(ortho-carboranyl)diformylhydrazide was established based on NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray structural analysis.
“Fresh or not Fresh?” (Linguistic Portraying of the Word Фреш (Fresh) in Modern Journalistic Discourse)
Authors: Sokolova Marina G.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the features of the functioning of the lexeme фреш (fresh) in modern journalistic discourse within the framework of the language portrait. The active spheres of functioning of the word фреш (fresh) in accordance with the subject of the texts are highlighted. The semantic volume of this lexeme has been clarified, which includes several meanings: “freshly squeezed juice”; “fresh, natural food”; “fresh, natural, original, new.” It has been established that the development of the semantics of the lexeme demonstrates the process of expanding the semantic volume due to the loss of hypersemes (“juice”, “food”) and the expansion of lexical compatibility. The morphological polyfunctionality of the analyzed lexeme, which acts as a noun or an indeclinable adjective as part of analytical constructions, is demonstrated. The facts of the expressive use of the word фреш (fresh) as proper names are described, as well as the inclusion of precedent phenomena in the game transformation. It has been established that while maintaining variability in the spelling of the word, the variant фреш (fresh) becomes predominant in frequency; various ways in the design of this word in the position of postposition in combinations are characterized.
Bish’: Bayat’ or Byt’? About the Origin of One Particle
Authors: Glagoleva Anastasiya S.
Published: November 2024

The article attempts to establish the origin of a Russian particle bish’. The debatable nature of this issue is due to the divergence of researchers’ opinions about the generating basis: the data of etymological dictionaries refer to the development of this particle from the form of the 2nd person singular of the verb баять (баешь), while some studies indicate its origin from one of the preterites of the verb быти — the 3rd person plural aorist бѧше or the 3rd person singular imperfect.
To achieve its goal, the article investigates the issues of the conditions for the occurrence of allegroforms and allegroforms in the aspect of phonetic patterns of the degree of stress of words. The paper compares etymological data and specifies the difference of verb forms of the past tense, in particular, within the framework of the destruction of past tenses system. The research material was the data of the National Corpus of the Russian language (pan-chronical corpus) and information from etymological and dialectological dictionaries.
As a result, a hypothesis was proposed about the formation of the particle under study from a special form that appeared due to mixing the uses of aorist and imperfect, which was already characteristic of the 14th century. The appearance of the particle dates back to the 17th century, as evidenced by the data of dictionaries.
“Composite formations” as a Stylistic Device (Based on the Material of D. I. Rubina’s Novel “Maniac Gurevich”)
Authors: Dedkovskaya Darya M.
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of “composite formations” in the text of D. I. Rubina’s novel “Maniac Gurevich”. “Composite formations” are units that are formally similar to compound names or compound words. However, their structure, semantics and functions are different. They cannot be considered compound words due to their difference from the latter in the internal form of the word, as well as a wide range of linguistic units that become components of such “composites”. In addition to nouns, their components can be adjectives, participles, verbs, adverbs, etc. “Composite formations” are characterized by multicomponence, this is characteristic of those units, the lexical and grammatical content of which are nouns and verbs.
The main function of such formations is a stylistic device. In the text of the novel, they help to create a non-linear narrative, to make it the very sequence of pictures from the life of the hero, which the author of the work considers to be the main feature of the composition of the novel. Such constructions are able to convey a situation or event through the prism of the hero’s perception of the actions of objects, their signs, all this merges into a synthesis of sensations and memories in the mind of the character and creates a special perceptual effect for the reader.
It is difficult to determine their linguistic status, when analyzing such formations. The problem arises whether the concept of a word is applicable to them, what are the semantic and grammatical characteristics of this linguistic unit.
Agency and Autonomy as a Learning Outcome: Distinguishing Notions
Authors: Dobryakova Maria S. , Yurchenko Olesya Viktorovna
Published: November 2024

The article explores conceptual difference between the notions of "autonomy" and "agency" in relation to students' learning outcomes. These concepts are often used as synonyms. We argue that distinguishing between them is more productive for practical pedagogy. Unfolding the essence of agentive action in 9 theoretical theses based on sociological and psychological approaches, we trace its prerequisites and outline the forks where agency and autonomy diverge. Agency implies a desire for change based on a consciously constructed identity and values. Independence focuses on achieving mastery within existing roles and social norms. In a social sense, in the continuity/change pair, independence aims at continuity, while agency aims at change. Distinguishing these concepts will help consciously design learning situations and set realistic learning outcomes. However, can agency be a realistic measurable learning outcome in the conventional sense? Probably not, since it is tied to identity and personal attitudes towards social situations, and will therefore be very individual. Autonomy as a learning outcome is simpler, for ultimately it requires comparing the student's skills to those of an adult. The key factor differentiating autonomy and agency is the nature of the individual's identity--its orientation towards reproducing the existing or towards individual search and change.
Media Consumption by Different Age Groups
Authors: Poluekhtova Irina A.
Published: November 2024

In this article, the results of the next wave of the monitoring sociological study “Television through the viewers` eyes” conducted in autumn 2022 are presented. It is shown, that media convergence blurs the boundaries between traditional and digital media, thus forming new patterns of media consumption that combine usage of traditional media channels with digital media channels, screens and platforms that provide access to media content. Modern media consumption is shaped not only by content of the product, but also by interface, functionality, convenience of platform, screen and service. The leaders in weekly audience are television, social networks and internet-video. The most demanded type of content is video, as it is seen by almost the whole audience (96% of respondents). Although all age groups have mastered digital media services to one degree or another, differences in media consumption practices between them remain at the level of preferences in choosing media channels, screens and types of the content. In the 15-34 age group, media consumption focused on internet-services (social networks, online-video, music and podcasts) dominates. The 35-54 age group also actively uses social networks and watches internet-video, while at the same time people of this age group retain high interest for such traditional media as television and radio. In media consumption of the senior age group (55+), television dominates, and the positions of the printed press are strong, but the level of mastering and usage of social networks and internet-video is already high.
Historical consciousness of Russians – a book and its problematic field
Authors: Romanovskiy Nikolay V.
Published: November 2024

It is not the first time that historical consciousness of Russians becomes a subject of attention for Russian sociologists. In this case, however, the monograph prepared by the scholars of an Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences has a number of features of its own. The book’ authors team focuses on the links of historical consciousness with the civic identity of Russians, actualized, in particular, by current military operations and by Russophobia in the "collective West", etc. The book stands out for its compositional originality – a combination of field research data analysis with commentaries on the problems arising in connection with this analysis by experts from different fields of activity and disciplinary scholarly profiles. A promising interconnection of the issues raised by the study with the development of government national policy guidelines, as well as importance of scholarly elaborations of the modern national history problems are noted.
French Centrism after the 2022 Elections: Strategy and Prospects
Authors: Shmelev D. V
Published: November 2024

The article examines the political strategy of the centrist Democratic Movement (MoDem) party and its leader François Bayrou during the presidential and parliamentary elections of 2022 and at the beginning of the second presidency of Emmanuel Macron. At this stage, the MoDem is an important element of the ruling majority, having a stable fraction in the National Assembly, which has consolidated its influence against the background of the growing socio-economic crisis in the country. MoDem remains a unitary political structure, focused on the figure of Bayrou and his circle of close associates. In political terms, the party positions itself as the center-left, which gives it the opportunity to prevent the government majority from shifting to the right, influence the appointment of some figures in the government and express its point of view on current policy. Bayrou still defends the transition to a proportional electoral system, criticises the implementation of pension reform, and supports the environmental initiatives of the government. The main guideline for the centrists was the idea of “agreement” in order to prevent the imbalance in institutions and the deepening of the crisis in the country. At the same time, they are committed to the traditional Christiandemocratic culture, which was expressed towards the issue of including the right to abortion in the Constitution. The prospects of MoDem and Bayrou will be determined by the new electoral cycle (municipal and regional elections), the level of local voter support and the political configuration within the majority (for example, an alliance with Eduard Philippe) in the context of the presidential elections of 2027.
Russia and Japan: Shaping Images
Authors: Nosov M. G
Published: November 2024

Until 1853, when the decision was made to “open” the country, relations between Russia and Japan, or rather their absence, were determined primarily by Japanese policy, which closed the country to foreigners, making an exception for the Dutch and Chinese. An important role in these relations was also played by the per- ception of each other, formed under conditions of Japanese opposition to the Russian desire to establish trade relations with the neighboring country. In Russia there were several sources of knowledge about it (first of all, from European and Chinese). With few exceptions, information from the Japanese, who came to Russia because of to shipwreck in the 17th century, was of little interest. The vast majority of the Japanese were sailors or fishermen and their knowledge of the country was not extensive. In addition, despite the efforts of Peter the Great to prepare translators from Japanese, their level of knowledge did not always meet the necessary standards. As an exception can be considered the information about Japan received from Daikoku Kodayu during his stay in Russia from 1787 to 1791. However, unlike in Japan, where knowledge about Russia was carefully collected and documented, what Kodayu told about his country did not become a source of systematised study of the neighboring country. Japan received knowledge about Russia from the Chinese, Portuguese and Dutch, as well as from some Japanese. Among them, first of all, it is necessary to note Kodayu, who told in detail to Shogun Ienari and his advisers about Russia. All this information was systematised and classified for many years.
Foreign Policy of Emmanuel Macron and Prospects of France as a Great Power
Authors: Chernega V. N
Published: November 2024

The article examines France's prospects as a power in the changing world. The starting point is the period when Charles de Gaulle was in power (1958-1969), aspiring for maximum possible independence in the international arena. The article describes the process of adaptation of French foreign policy to new international realities under the successors of Charles de Gaulle, in particular the emergence of supranational institutions, increased interactions with the United States, rapprochement with NATO and the return of the country to its military structures. At the same time, France defended its national interests, relying on a number of factors that allowed to maintain its power. President E. Macron generally continues this course, but tries to link France’s power prospects with the promotion of the idea of the “power of Europe”. In this regard, the research explores the current relations between France and the EU, the United States and NATO, the situation in the Franco-German tandem, which for a long time played the crucial role in the integration, the new role of Poland in Europe, and the problem of the possible accession of Ukraine to the EU. It is concluded that nowadays the idea of the “power of Europe” looks unrealistic. In the long term, this concept could be put into practice, but it will not necessarily serve French interests. The article also discusses Emmanuel Macron's foreign policy in Africa, in the Mediterranean and Indo-Pacific regions.
Belarusian-Lithuanian Relations: How Politics Beats the Economy
Authors: Shimov V. V
Published: November 2024

The article analyses the dynamics of Belarusian-Lithuanian relations in the post-Soviet period. The historical, cultural and political-economic aspects of the relationship between the two countries are considered. It is noted that Lithuania is the second most active European player in Belarus after Poland. The author emphasises the historical aspect of the relationship between the two countries and demonstrates how different interpretations of the heritage of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania affect the modern relationship between the two states and their peoples. We are talking primarily about the heritage of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Lithuanian myth generates competition between the two countries, but at the same time forms an idea of the common space of their historical destinies, which fuels Westernising and pro-European sentiments among a part of Belarusian society. The author notes that Lithuania’s foreign policy towards Belarus is dominated by an ideological approach. Lithuania tries to play the role of an operator of democratic changes and the Western geopolitical turn of its eastern neighbor. In this niche a strong competition with Poland and the traditional xenophobia of Lithuanian society towards the Slavs limit the possibilities of Lithuanian influence on Belarus. For its part, Minsk was focused on pragmatic cooperation with Lithuania in the economic sphere and put issues of politics and ideology aside. In particular, Belarus had high hopes for cooperation in the field of energy and transit. The discrepancy between these approaches determines the tense and conflict nature of relations between the two countries.
Positions of the Leading European Parties on the Eve of the European Parliament Elections 2024
Authors: Guseletov B. P
Published: November 2024

The article analyses the main trends in the transformation of the party and political system of the European Union on the eve of the next elections to the European Parliament in June 2024. The article examines the main events of recent years that had the main impact on the process of this transformation. New trends in the change of this system were noted, which included strengthening the popularity and influence of Eurosceptic parties, increasing internal tension concerning relations between old and new members of the European Union. The research demonstrates that following the results of the national parliamentary elections held over the past five years in almost all EU member states, the influence of the leading political parties, which for many years occupied dominant positions in the executive and representative authorities of these countries, has significantly decreased. The phenomenon of increasing representation of women in the bodies of the EU and its member states and its impact on their formation is considered. The influence of changes in the social structure of the European community and their impact on the electoral preferences of Europeans is analysed. The preelection positions of all leading European parties that currently have their factions in the European Parliament are presented, including their election manifestos and candidacies for the post of the President of the European Commission (EC), the so-called Spitzenkandidaten. The forecasts of the results of the participation of leading panEuropean political parties in the European Parliament Elections 2024, made by a number of European non-governmental organizations and leading media holdings, as well as possible options for post-election inter-party coalitions that shape positions of the European Parliament, are demonstrated.
How Beneficial is EU Membership for CEE Countries: an Attempt of Critical Analysis
Authors: Drynochkin A. V
Published: November 2024

Tectonic changes in the system of modern geo-economic relations necessitate the revision of many theoretical postulates. One of them is the unconditional benefit of participating in integration associations. The purpose of the study is to assess the real scale of benefits received by Central-Eastern European countries from participation in the EU. The study of the relatively long experience of membership of CentralEastern European countries in the EU allowed to formulate some conclusions, the most significant of which are: the excessive ideological and political argumentation used in Central-Eastern European countries in the initial period of decision-making on accession to the EU, which significantly reduced the effectiveness of the analysis of the economic consequences of the future membership; the significant methodological complexity of conducting a quantified analysis of the macroeconomic aspects of EU membership and, therefore, the difficulty of determining the quantifiable impact of the general effects of integration in relation to the countries of Central-Eastern Europe; the presence of overly optimistic assessments of the effectiveness of Central-Eastern European countries receiving transfers from the EU budget.