bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-Vitro Efficacy of Different Fungicides Against Leaf Spot of Marigold Caused by Alternaria alternata
Authors:   Umeruldin Jarwar1, Muswar Ali Gadhi1, Zubair Ahmed Nizamani1, Saeed Ahmed Abro1, Raj Kumar2, Tufail Ahmed Bhatti1, Ali Hassan Soomro1and Absar Mithal Jiskani
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to study the in-vitro efficacy of different chemical fungicides leaf spot of marigold, caused by Alternaria alternata. The results of present study showed that the disease incidence from various locations of district Hyderabad Sindh was observed Ghangra Mori 35%, TandoHyder 30%, Rahooki 25%, Moosa Khatyan20%, and Hosri 15%. Upper limit disease occurrence was observed from Ghangra Mori and lower limit sickness was recorded from Hosri. The chemical fungicide Nativo observed 43%, 25.5% and 18.5% linear colony growth of Alternaria alternata at 100, 200 and 400 ppm, respectively. Aliete observed 52, 31.5 and 21 respectively. Carbandazm observed 52.5, 29.5 and 21mm respectively and Mancozeb observed 51, 28.5 and 20mm respectively. Lower limit growth of Alternaria alternata were judge in 400 ppm instead Nativo pursuited by Mancozeb, Carbandazm and Aliete, separately. In control there was 90mm was recorded. It was concluded that chemical fungicide ‘Nativo’ were full effective to stop the disperssion of Alternaria alternata in 400 ppm. Anytime the plant infusion, Neem infusion show good effect opposite linear colony growth of Alternaria alternata on 6% solution
In-Vitro Efficacy of Different Botanical Extract against Leaf Spot of Marry Gold caused by Alternaria alternat
Authors:   Umeruldin Jarwar, Zubair Ahmed Nizamani, Muswar Ali Gadhi, Saeed Ahmed Abro, Tufail Ahmed Bhatti, Ali Hassan Soomro and Shair Muhammad
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to study the in-vitroefficacy of different botanical extracts against leaf spot of marigold, caused by Alternaria alternata. The results of present study showed that the disease incidence from variouslocations of district HyderabadSindhwas observed Ghangra Mori35%, TandoHyder 30%, Rahooki25%, Moosa Khatyan20%, and Hosri15%.Upper limitdisease occurrencewas observedfrom Ghangra Mori and lower limit sickness was recordedfrom Hosri. The botanicalplantextract ‘Neem’ observed 48, 40and 34mmlinear colony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively, Dhaturaextract observed 75.5, 63 and 57.5mmcolony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively. Garlic extract observed 49%, 43% and 36% linear colony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively. Ginger extract observed 50, 43.5and 36.5mmcolony growth of Alternaria alternataat 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations, respectively. Minimum linear colony growth of Alternaria alternatawas observed at 6% concentration for Neem extract followed by Garlic extract, Ginger extract and Datura extract, respectivelythe plant infusion, Neeminfusion show good effectoppositelinear colony growth of Alternaria alternataon6% solution
Salinity Stress – A Threat to Rice Production Breeding Strategies to Develop Salinity Tolerance in Plants
Authors:   Umed Ali1*, Tahmina Shar2, Rafiq Ahmad3, Mahpara Khatoon4,Maqsood Ahmed Khaskheli5, Abdul Hafeez Laghari6and Abdul Jalil Leghari
Published: May 2021

Rice is a most staple and demandable food crop of the world which feeds more than half of the world’s overall
population. Soil salinity has become a serious problem of the world nowadays which is a common threat to all
agricultural crops specially rice because rice is categorized as a typical glycophyte. Salinity is one of the major
constraints especially in the coastal areas of the world. This salinity problem can be overcome by conventional and
modern breeding technologies. We have focused on the breeding techniques to be adopted to cope with this issue.
Salt tolerant varieties can be produced by screening already existing varieties, marker-assisted selection or genetic
engineering by introducing salt-tolerance genes. In this review, we have focused salinity problems at global level and
its impact on rice as well as other crops plants.
PERENCANAAN TEBAL PERKERASAN KAKU DENGAN METODE AASHTO 1993 PADA RUAS JALAN DUSUN BETUNG KABUPATEN KATINGAN
Authors: Rut Magdalena Silitonga  , Mohamad Amin  , Ina Elvina
Published: May 2021

Perkerasan jalan merupakan bagian dari struktur jalan yang diperkeras dengan lapis konstruksi tertentu yang terletak di atas tanah dasar. Ruas jalan akses menuju lokasi Dusun Betung Desa Tumbang Liting Kabupaten Katingan yang ada pada saat ini masih merupakan jalan tanah sepanjang 2200 m dan dengan lebar jalan 5 meter. Kondisi eksisting jalan akses tersebut jalan tersebut mengalami kerusakan parah (jalan tertutup semak dan tidak terawat) serta tidak memiliki sistem drainase yang baik (terjadi genangan), sehingga kinerja jalan menurun. Kon-disi jalan demikian tidak mendukung sebagai jalan akses menuju obyek pariwisata. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan perencanaan perkerasan jalan yang mampu lebih tahan terhadap drainase yang buruk dan lebih tahan terhadap masa pemeliharaan yang berkepanjangan yaitu direncanakan menggunakan perkerasan kaku dengan metode AASHTO 1993. Hasil penelitian pada jalan akses menuju lokasi Dusun Betung pada STA 0 + 000 – STA 2 + 200 dengan metode AASHTO 1993 CBR 18,5% didapatkan tebal pelat beton sebesar 25,5 cm, tebal learn concrete sebesar 10 cm dan tebal lapis pondasi agregat kelas A sebesar 15 cm, sedangkan perhitungan dengan Nomogram metode AASHTO 1993 didapat tebal pelat 26 cm. Hasil analisis tebal pelat menggunakan parameter input yang digunakan oleh metode AASHTO 1993.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PASIR PADA TANAH LEMPUNG TERHADAP NILAI DAYA DUKUNG DAN KUAT TEKAN BEBAS
Authors: Argo Reno  , Fatma Sarie  , Suradji Gandi
Published: May 2021

Pada umumnya tanah lunak seperti lempung dan lanau memiliki daya dukung tanah yang rendah. Kondisi tanah tersebut dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan pada konstruksi jalan bergelombang, dan hancurnya badan jalan. Untuk meminimalisasi kerusakan tersebut dan meningkatkan daya dukung tanah dapat dilakukan usaha stabilisasi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penamba-han material pasir sebagai bahan stabilisasi tanah dasar untuk meningkatkan daya dukung (CBR) dan kuat tekan bebas (UCS) tanah Desa Bukit Rawi, Kabupaten Pulang. Pasir dicampur dengan tanah, dengan penambahan pasir 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. Berdasarkan pengujian sifat fisik tanah asli tanah diklas-ifikasikan sebagai A-6(4) pada sistem klasifikasi AASHTO dan CL pada sistem Klasifikasi USCS. Secara visual tanah berwarna kuning bercampur dengan sedikit pasir. Nilai CBR dan UCS untuk perbaikan tanah dasar Tanah asli nilai CBRmaks sebesar 2,55%. Penambahan pasir 2%, 4%, 6% 8% pemeraman 3 hari nilai CBRmaks sebesar 3,10%, 4,13%, 4,25, 4,38%%. Tanah campuran dan penamba-han pasir sebesar 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% pemeraman 7 hari nilai CBRmaks 3,49%, 4,65%, 4,85%, 5,00%. Nilai UCS tanah asli 0%, pemeraman 0 hari UCS(Cu) 0,212,5 kg/mc2, campuran dan penambahan pasir 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% pemeraman 3 hari UCS(Cu) sebesar 0,222,5 kg/cm2, 0,225 kg/cm2, 0,295 kg/cm2, 0,320 kg/cm2, dan pemeraman 7 hari UCS(Cu) sebesar 0,235 kg/cm2, 0,280 kg/cm2, 0,305 kg/cm2, 0,430 kg/cm2.
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL CAMPURAN HOT ROLLED SHEET WEARING COURSE (HRS-WC) MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN TAMBAH PLASTIK BEKAS JENIS HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)
Authors: Ellis Seprian Arisandi  , Desriantomy  , Supiyan
Published: May 2021

Berdasarkan data Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palangka Raya pada tahun 2019, sampah yang dibuang oleh masyarakat kota Palangka Raya mencapai 920,94 m3 per hari atau sekitar 138.141,5 kg per hari yang terdiri dari 65% sampah anorganik dan 35% sampah organik. Sampah jenis plastik merupakan bagian paling dominan pada sampah anorganik. Salah satu alternatif yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan yaitu dengan menggunakan kembali (reuse) plastik bekas sebagai bahan aditif saat pencampuran aspal, dikenal dengan Aspal Modifikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan plastik jenis High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pada campuran Hot Rolled Sheet - Wearing Course (HRS-WC) dan seberapa besar penggunaan sampah plastik HDPE dalam campuran sebagai upaya pengurangan sampah plastik yang sulit terurai. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode uji laboratorium. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO) sebesar 7,30% dan selanjutnya menggunakan KAO yang didapat dari pengujian sebelumnya ditambahkan dengan variasi kadar plastik rentang 2% hingga 10%, didapat kadar penambahan HDPE maksimum dari nilai parameter Marshall yang memenuhi persyaratan spesifikasi yaitu pada kadar penambahan HDPE sebesar 8,7% dari berat aspal, nilai stabilitas naik 79,664 kg, nilai flow naik sebesar 0,089 mm, rongga dalam campuran (VIM) turun sebesar 0,9%, rongga terisi aspal (VFB) naik sebesar 3,45% dan hasil bagi Marshall naik sebesar 12,778 kg/mm terhadap campuran tanpa menggunakan bahan tambah HDPE.
MAIKI, MISSIONE ARCHEOLOGICA ITALIANA NEL KURDISTAN IRACHENO: LA CARTA ARCHEOLOGICA DELL’AREA DI PAIKULI, OBIETTIVI E METODOLOGIE APPLICATE
Authors: Rashid Rahim Kamal , Cereti Carlo G. , Colliva Luca , Fusaro Agnese , Insom Camilla , Labisi Giuseppe , Mancini Serenella , Terribili Gianfilippo , Bogdani Julian , Galuppi Marco
Published: May 2021

In the fall of 2012 the Italian Archaeological Mission in the Iraqi Kurdistan signed an agreement with the Sulaimaniyah Antiquities Directorate, for creating the Archaeological Map of the area surrounding the Sasanian monument of Paikuli. In the course of the four campaigns, which have been carried out, the team has started to survey the area, has developed a methodology for the classification of ceramic materials and started the preliminary study of the findings. Furthermore, in 2013 MAIKI commenced an ethnographic research aimed at studying the religious heritage of the area.
EB II-III AEGYPTIACA EAST OF THE JORDAN: A REEVALUATION OF TRADE AND CULTURAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN EGYPT AND THE TRANSJORDANIAN URBAN CENTRES
Authors: Sala Maura
Published: May 2021

Trade and cultural interconnections between pre-dynastic Egypt and the Southern Levant are established early, and most intensely since the end of the 4th millennium BC, to continue in renewed forms during the 3rd millennium BC between the Pharaonic state and the earliest urban centres of the Levant, both west and east of the Jordan. The increasing number of Egyptian, and Egyptian-style items, identified in the first Jordanian cities of Early Bronze II-III, provides an opportunity for a reconsideration on the movement of Egyptian objects beyond the Jordan, up to the edge of the Syro-Arabian desert; on the evolution of the relations between Pharaonic Egypt and the urban centers of southern Levant in the 3rd millennium BC; and, eventually, on the role these commercial and cultural interactions played in the early urban societies of the region.
TWO EB III RED POLISHED JUGSFROM PALACE B IN KHIRBET AL-BATRAWYAND JUGS WITH RESERVED ALTERNATE-HATCHING DECORATION (RAHD)FROM PALESTINE AND TRANSJORDAN
Authors: Fiaccavento Chiara
Published: May 2021

The Early Bronze Age III (around 2700-2350 BC) represents the zenith of the Southern Levantine cities of the 3rd millennium BC, both in terms of growth and social complexity. Between the numerous valuable items (high-quality stone objects, metal weapons, Egyptian or Egyptian-style luxury pieces, jewels) gathered by local élites inside temples and palaces, or preserved as heirlooms in grave goods, a specific typology of ceramic vessels seems to be linked to these prestigious contexts: red-burnished/polished jugs, with a reserved decorated band on the girth in form of diagonal burnished hatching. Two jugs recently recovered from the EB IIIB Palace B of Khirbet al-Batrawy (North-Central Jordan) have allowed an evaluation of this decorative motif with its related retrieval contexts
UNA BROCCHETTA DIPINTA DAL TEMPIO DI ASTARTE NELL’AREA SACRA DEL KOTHON A MOZIA
Authors: Spagnoli Federica
Published: May 2021

During the XXXIV season of excavations carried out by Rome «La Sapienza» University Expedition to Motya, a votive deposit (D.4362) lying west of the Temple of Astarte – Temple C4 of the Sacred Area of the Kothon – was brought to light. In addition to several cult objects and offerings, the deposit included a Punic painted juglet (lekythos) which may epitomize once again the complexity of the cultural tendencies ruling the ceramic repertoire of Motya during the 5th century BC.
Hungry Hearts and Broken Dreams at the Springsteen Motel
Authors: Herren Graley
Published: May 2021

Over the course of his career, Bruce Springsteen returns to certain characters and preoccupations that he first chronicled in his album The River. One recurring scenario involves a man in a committed relationship who becomes dissatisfied, meets a woman at a bar, has an affair (sometimes at a nearby motel), and in the process blows up his seemingly stable life. Each time Springsteen returns to this scenario he offers interesting variations that evolve in perspective and tone. This article charts a musical road trip, beginning with “Hungry Heart” and “Stolen Car” on The River, descending into “One Step Up” on Tunnel of Love, detouring down “Highway 29” on The Ghost of Tom Joad, and culminating at the “Moonlight Motel” on Western Stars. It is a journey encompassing love and loss, faith and betrayal, self-knowledge and self-destruction, and the insatiable hunger for something to fill the void in the directionless lives of his characters.
Unsettled Movement: Music, Migration, and Community from Calypso to Springsteen and Steinbeck
Authors: McParland Robert
Published: May 2021

The vitality and variety of music in North America is the result of immigration and transition: like a movement in music itself. From the sounds of the Caribbean, to those of Mexico, and from the blues to folk song, people in community have faced adversity and affirmed life with the uplifting energy of music.
The Beatles' 1964 Tour and Flipping Off Jim Crow
Authors: Gunderson Chuck
Published: May 2021

The Beatles toured North America from 1964 to 1966. Perhaps the most controversial tour date was September 11, 1964, in Jacksonville, Florida. The southern states were adjusting to the eventual erasure of all Jim Crow laws when President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act into law in July of 1964. The Beatles were due to play at the Gator Bowl in Jacksonville when word leaked out the concert would need to be segregated. For five decades the full story of the events surrounding that appearance has never been told. Attempts have been made, but errors constantly arise in the telling of the story. Who was threatening the segregation and how did Beatles manager Brian Epstein and the group members respond? The answer lies in meticulously deconstructing the chain of events that led up to the concert date. Who were the key players, the promoters and city officials who were involved? The concert went off as planned, but the journey was interesting.
In Praise of the Bruce Springsteen Archives & Center for American Music at Monmouth University
Authors: Allen Stephen Arthur
Published: May 2021

This article summarizes Dr. Stephen Arthur Allen's professional relationship to the Bruce Springsteen Archives & Center for American Music at Monmouth University and his work on the music of Bruce Springsteen, which includes the creation of a course on Springsteen's music at Rider University.
Biodiversity and demographics of a snake assemblage in a semi-urban environment in south central Pennsylvania
Authors: Rodolfo Rep Vladimir , Meshaka Walter E. , Delis Pablo
Published: May 2021

Worldwide, snake populations are threatened by anthropogenic impacts such as habitat alteration. Conservation efforts are being implemented, but many of these impacts are hard to overcome. Herpetological studies in anthropogenically affected areas are few and inconsistent. This study assesses the snake community at Shippensburg University, which is affected by urban and agricultural stresses. From 2011 to 2015, we deployed and checked 42 cover boards. Four species were detected: the eastern gartersnake (Thamnophissirtalis sirtalis), the northern watersnake (Nerodia sipedon sipedon), the eastern ratsnake (Pantherophis alleghaniensis), and the eastern milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum). This anthropogenically impacted assemblage was uneven, dominated by the eastern gartersnake, and comprised fewer snakes than in natural habitats elsewhere in Pennsylvania. This study provides a measure of how snakes can respond in one of many kinds of human-impacted sites in the Commonwealth and highlights the effect that seasonal mowing can have on snake assemblages.
Determinants of the invasion of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata, Brassicaceae) in northeastern Pennsylvania
Authors: Kunkel David M. , Chen Grace F.
Published: May 2021

The invasive species Alliaria petiolata threatens forest understories as it alters soil nutrients and microbial composition, thereby changing the local plant community. To investigate the environmental factors influencing its invasion, we hypothesized that the performance of A. petiolata is limited by resource availability and plant biodiversity, but facilitated by disturbance. We quantified light intensity, herbivory damage, plant fitness and coverage, biodiversity, and the distance to the nearest road in 25 plots in northeastern Pennsylvania that varied in density of A. petiolata. We found that high-light-intensity plots were positively correlated with herbivory damage, and plant coverage decreased as the distance to the road increased. However, the plant relative fitness and coverage were not directly influenced by light availability nor by the biodiversity of the plot. We conclude that the invasion of A. petiolata is facilitated by human disturbance and partially limited by resource availability, but not prohibited by biodiversity in its introduced range.
Capturing aerial insects available as food for chimney swifts in western Pennsylvania using a tethered balloon
Authors: Winstead Daniel J. , Tomon Timothy J. , Winstead Ray L. , Mikolay William J.
Published: May 2021

This study presents the relative abundance of aerial insects available for chimney swifts (Chaetura pelagica) to eat in Indiana, Pennsylvania in April, May, and June of 2006. Aerial insects were captured on acrylic “sticky traps” attached to the tether rope of a 3.048-m-diameter helium balloon at heights of 27 to 55 m above the ground. The methodology is evaluated, and we conclude that the described method can be carried out successfully and does provide useful data, but also has practical difficulties. The total sample size was 716 individual organisms (685 insects and 31 spiders) captured over 115.84 collecting hours. This study provides baseline information and recommendations for future studies within the context of conservation, especially concerning changes in relative abundance of aerial insect orders used for food by insectivores, such as chimney swifts. Historical and current aerial insect sampling methods are discussed.
La Nicaragua sandinista ante la decolonialidad como alternativa de democratización para América Latina
Authors: Ramírez-Ayérdiz Danny
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo el autor reflexiona sobre el concepto decolonialidad, como una propuesta alternativa de democratización para Nicaragua y América Latina. Para el autor, la decolonización es el replanteamiento del Estado latinoamericano como un espacio popular que conlleve a la construcción de una sociedad política que progresivamente haga salir de sí formas y mecanismos que son ajenos a nuestras realidades –como la democracia liberal oligárquica- y nos acerque a formas de organización más “nuestras”. Entonces, la Nicaragua dirigida por Daniel Ortega tiene importantes tareas que, de no ser abordadas desde una perspectiva crítica, estarían ubicando al proceso revolucionario más cercano a un sistema de corte liberal y autoritario y mucho más lejano de la propuesta decolonizadora de la primera etapa de la revolución.
Some Concepts and Techniques in Geochemical Exploration
Authors: Overstreet William C. , Marsh Sherman P.
Published: May 2021

Geochemical exploration, a relatively new methodology in the search for ore deposits, is based on established principles of the geochemical cycle and distribution of the elements. The rise of this new technique is directly attributable to the huge demands placed by industrial development on the continuance of supplies of mineral raw materials. Until recently the emphasis in exploration for ores has been on exposed mineral deposits, but future supplies must come largely from concealed deposits; these will be found by using varied techniques of sampling and analysis combined with improved models of ore genesis and distribution. Exploration geochemistry offers great advantages in the search for mineral deposits when conducted with the support of other geological and geophysical methods. Some examples of geochemistry applied to mineral exploration were selected from work by the U.S. Geological Survey to provide as broad a spectrum as possible of geochemical concepts and procedures in relation to deposit types, geometry of exposure, climatic environment, scale, and sample media. Adaptations and modifications of these procedures are expected to have prominent roles in future exploration for concealed mineral deposits.
The Environment of Exploration: Economic, Organizational, and Social Constraints
Authors: Snow Geoffrey G. , Mackenzie Brian W.
Published: May 2021

Exploration has a positive value to society. For example, about $60 million of new wealth or economic surplus results from the discovery of an economic base metal deposit in the Canadian Shield. To make its contribution to society, the exploration organization operates in an environment comprising the public, governments, the mining organization, geology, and the mineral endowment of the earth.

Exploration is the first and most strategic phase of the mineral supply process. Corporate exploration decisions affect profit, growth, and survival considerations of the mining company. Mineral exploration is a sequential information-gathering process, punctuated by a succession of tests which provide perceptions of costs, risks, and returns of alternatives. The balance between the competing factors of depletion and technological evolution and fluctuating metal prices are variables in the assessment of risks and returns.

A study of Canadian Shield exploration from 1951 to 1974 shows that about 2,100 mineral occurrences were discovered, at an average cost of $450,000 each. Of these, 40 were economic. In this context, about one economic mineral deposit was found for every 50 mineral occurrences discovered.

A well-directed exploration program considers short- and long-term investment criteria. The long term is evaluated using various measures of Expected Value, the average value exploration will yield in the long term. The risks associated with the variability of commodity price, the variability of lifetime, and the profitability of a discovery, and the low probability of success should be considered in exploration planning.

Because the future of the exploration industry and of society is inextricably bound, the industry must demonstrate to governments the positive potential value of exploration. Governments should respond so as to optimize the contribution from the mineral endowment of the land by enlightened tax and land use policies.

Mineral exploration will increasingly contribute to the needs of society. There may never have been a better time to be an economic geologist.
Job Absorption Capacity of Nigeria’s Mining and Quarrying Sector
Authors: Adeniyi Adetunji
Published: May 2021

The mining and quarrying sector account for 10.6 per cent of the GDP and 0.2 per cent of employment in 2014, according to the records of the National Bureau of Statistics. Relative to the gross value added of the mining and quarrying sector, its contribution to aggregate employment is small. Meanwhile, unemployment is one of the most pressing macroeconomic problems in Nigeria today. It is against this background that the job absorption capacity of the sector was investigated to facilitate job creation policies in the sector. Time series secondary data covering 1981 to 2014 on the rebased Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and sectoral Gross Value Added (GVA) at 2010 constant basic prices, employment, wage rate, inflation rate and interest rate were collected from the National Bureau of Statistics and the Central Bank of Nigeria. Sectoral employment elasticities of growth were measured using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) regression at α0.05. Mining and quarrying sectoral elasticity of employment was -0.05, but was not significant. However, there were significant inter-sectoral and inter-temporal relationships on which job creation policies may be based.
Provider time allotment tracking tool to effectively manage assignment commitments
Authors: Huang Yu-Li , Shahraki Narges , Wallin Erin M. , Klavetter Eric W. , Klarich Kyle W.
Published: May 2021

Due to the rising demand with limited health service capacity, managing available resources effectively becomes an important task to reduce patient care delays and avoid unnecessary and costly capacity expansions. At the same time, staff satisfaction and/or burnout is a complementary consideration when designing optimal schedules. Deviation from the scheduled plan can cause delays in patient access and may lead to unsatisfaction among providers. Balancing demand management, staff satisfaction and generating optimized schedules quickly reveals the need for a tool that tracks provider time allotment over time, especially for the academic healthcare organization where providers are committed to multiple assignments, clinical and non-clinical. This tracking tool should allow management to proactively adjust allotment to unplanned changes in the schedule and increase participation. In this study, a tool is developed to track monthly provider assignments for the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine at Mayo Clinic, Rochester. The proposed tool produces two key outputs for each provider and assignment: 1) the recommended target workdays and 2) workday upper and lower bounds to accommodate for variability. This tracking tool is successfully implemented with implementation criteria, and the feedback is positive. The tool pulls the data systematically from the Mayo data platform and performs the necessary analysis on the data. It also automatically updates the values for the recommended target as well as upper and lower bounds for the remaining months in a year based on changes in the schedule so that provider commitment can be met at the end of year.
Review of Industry Payments to General Orthopaedic Surgeons Reported by the Open Payments Database: 2014 to 2019
Authors: Braithwaite Johann , Frane Nicholas , Partan Matthew J. , White Peter B. , Iturriaga Cesar , Gruber Joshua , Bitterman Adam
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

The Physician Payments Sunshine Act was placed into law in 2010 in an effort to create transparency between physicians and industry. Along with many other specialties, orthopaedic surgeons have long worked intimately with medical industry companies. This study aimed to evaluate trends in industry payments to general orthopaedic surgeons from 2014 to 2019.

Methods:

A retrospective review of the Center of Medicare and Medicaid Services' Open Payments Database was done to identify all industry payments to all general orthopaedic surgeons (ie, not subspecialty affiliated) from 2014 to 2019. The researchers analyzed total payments and subtype payments for yearly trends, and a regional analysis was done. The primary outcome was the overall trend in total median payments, which was assessed through the Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Descriptive statistics include medians with interquartile ranges. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 1,330,543 payments totaling $1.79 billion dollars was paid to 108,041 general orthopaedic surgeons. During this time, the number of surgeons receiving payments increased with a significant uptrend in median payments per surgeon (P < 0.001; Table 1). The top 25% percentile of general orthopaedic surgeons received >95% of payments, whereas the bottom 25% received <0.1%. The general payment types all saw significant increases (P < 0.001) between 2014 and 2019, with the exception of “Ownership or Investment Interests” (P = 0.657) and “Royalty or License” (P = 0.517). Significant regional uptrends in median industry payments were also seen in the Midwest, Northeast, South, and West (P < 0.001). Four of the top five orthopaedic industry companies made payment increases between 2014 and 2019.

Conclusion:

Industry payments to general orthopaedic surgeons between 2014 and 2019 have increased with a considerable disparity in payments among the top-paid orthopaedic surgeons.
Application the GCC Model for Community Counselors' On-the-Job Training to Promote Career Intervention Skills ─ College Specialty-Oriented Career Planning Skills
Authors: Peng Huiling
Published: May 2021

This study is an action research, a total of 12 community counselors from the community career counseling center for youth, the Taipei Youth Salon in Taiwan, were chosen as the sample, and these research subjects participated two stages of on-the-job training group. The survey results in the "Satisfaction Survey of Community Counselors Participating in GCC on-the job training group" (5-point scale) where the overall satisfaction on the development group of this study is high (M=4.8 and S=0.26); it was not only improving their career intervention skills, but also very helpful for individual stress relief (M=4.9; S=0.36). It is expected that the GCC model will have a seed effect, and the long-term vision is to use the model to train specialty-oriented career counselors/teachers for "specialty-oriented career planning courses" in higher education.
Dependence of Dowel Joint Strength on Welding Temperature in Rotary Welding
Authors: Župčić Ivica , Žulj Ivan , Grbac Ivica , Radmanović Kristijan
Published: May 2021

The system for measuring the welding temperature with measuring probes has been developed for the requirements of this but also of future research (at the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb). The research is based on determining the welding temperature and its impact on the joint strength or the embedded force of the dowel. Based on research results, the impact of the dowel rotation frequency and temperature on the joint strength has been determined. The measured welding temperature increased as the rotation frequency increased (the rotation frequencies of 865 min-1 and 1520 min-1 were used in the research). The maximum welding temperature in pine samples welded at the rotation frequency of 1520 min-1 amounts to 217 °C, while in samples welded at the rotation frequency of 865 min-1 it amounts to 179 °C (weld penetration of 20 mm). The maximum welding temperature in beech samples welded at the rotation frequency of 865 min-1 amounts to 181 °C, and 213 °C at the rotation frequency of 1520 min-1 (weld penetration of 20 mm). The impact of the wood type on the welding temperature has not been proven. In order to avoid difficulties encountered in contact measurement of the welding temperature, a heat transfer model was developed for a more precise determination of the welding temperature.
Fiberglass Plaster Mesh as Reinforcement for Cement Bonded Particleboard
Authors: Taş Hasan Hüseyin
Published: May 2021

The effects of fiberglass plaster mesh (FPM) as reinforcement on some physical and mechanical properties of cement bonded particleboard (CBP) were examined. Experimental CBP with and without FPM were manufactured in laboratory conditions using wood particles, cement, tap water and chemical accelerators. Two plies of FPM, manufactured using fiberglass and polyester resin, were laid within the experimental CBP. The target density of CBP was 1300 kg/m3 in the study. Three different types of chemical accelerators (CaCl2, KCl, DARASET ® 580) were used in the experiments. Properties of CBP evaluated include 2- and 24-hour - thickness swelling (TS), 2- and 24-hour - water absorption (WA) and bending stiffness (MOE) and strength (MOR). The results indicate that all the board properties tested were significantly improved by FPM application. The average MOE values of the CBP boards with FPM was two times higher than those of the boards without FPM. Dimensional stability and MOR of the CBP boards were also significantly improved with the use of FPM. FPM can be used to improve inferior properties of the CBP, so as to make it more compatible with other wood based construction materials.
An Investigation of Flexural Behavior of Pure and Hybrid Wood Composite Panels Using Weibull Analyses
Authors: Karaman Abdurrahman , Balcioglu H. Ersen
Published: May 2021

The production of inexpensive wood products compared to their strength is important both in terms of economy and meeting the expectations of users. For this purpose, the use of hybrid wood products is increasing in the furniture industry. With the hybridization process, relatively cheap and flimsy material is combined with a material that has a stronger structure. Thus, stronger bonded material is manufactured cheaper. In this study, the flexural behavior of pure and hybrid wood composite panels, which were prepared by applying longitudinal jointing techniques from different wood materials, was investigated. In this context, pure chipboard, pure medium density fiberboard (MDF), chipboard-east beech and MDF-east beech hybrid wood composite panels were produced. During the hybridization process, oriental beech was combined by using the self-grooving technique in three different numbers as one row, two rows, and three rows. Flexural test results were analyzed according to the Weibull distribution method. The results of the analyses showed that the hybridization process increased the flexural strength and flexural modulus of pure wood panels by up to 214 %, and 95 %, respectively.
A comparison of some properties of the computer controlled nitriding process versus carburizing
Authors: Senatorski Jan , Mączyński Paweł , Tacikowski Jan
Published: May 2021

A comparison is presented of the nitriding and carburizing processes. Traditional gas nitriding, despite its several advantages over carburizing, has still not achieved its due popularity. The key factor is inadequate process control. An industrial-scale computerized system, employing the nitriding potential as the fundamental controlling parameter, can produce repeatable, superior nitriding results, limiting layer brittleness and enhancing usable properties. Results obtained showed that nitriding layers match carburized layers in fatigue, while exceeding them in both impact strength and wear resistance. The superiority of the computer-controlled process over traditional nitriding is illustrated by results of wear testing. The advent of controlled nitriding makes this process a viable alternative to carburizing.
Nine letters of patriarch German Andjelic
Authors: Spasović Ivana
Published: May 2021

The Archive of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts is the home of the Legacy of Patriarch German Andjelic, who headed the Karlovac Archbishopric from 1879 to 1888. A particularly important part of the collection are his letters. Out of the Patriarch's copious correspondence, nine letters were selected for their exposition of the Patriarch's views on important issues in the late 19th century. These letters describe the temptations of the times in which Patriarch German Andjelic lived but also give a portrait of his character and especially his gift for diplomacy. This paper also presents important events in his biography.
Analysis of Chesapeake Bay Racing Results 1972 and 1973 Seasons
Authors: Peach Robert W.
Published: May 2021

The analysis of racing on the Chesapeake Bay was performed covering the three handicapping rules used for the 1972 and 1973 seasons. The actual average speeds of each yacht were determined and the normalized to obtain season average performances. This average performance with the yacht’s rating was used to determine the least squares best fit for a power curve to show how each rule actually worked when corrected for the time allowance used by each class.

Background

This paper grew out of an earlier paper by the author (reference 1) on the Delta Rule. The earlier paper gave the background of the rule, how it was derived and then a short analysis of several seasons' results. The basic analysis method in the present paper was worked out for the presentation of the earlier paper, and led to the conclusion that a similar analysis of all races on the Chesapeake Bay might be of interest to the yachting fraternity. Furthermore, it was felt that the results should cover more than one season and both the Northern and Southern Bay areas. Unfortunately not all races were available for this analysis. All that were, were used. The author knows of only one other analysis of this type, a study by Henry J, Gielow in 1908. (Reference 2) Others may have been performed; there have been hints of such analysis by MORC and the Storm Trisail Club, but these results were unavailable to the author.
Booms are Obsolete
Authors: MacLear Frank R.
Published: May 2021

Booms are dangerous and can now be done away with. The mainsail is trimmed by three sheers to three permanent backstays, (see Fig.1.). A mainsail that is luff roller furling on a rotating jackstay that is aft and parallel to the mast can be furled or reefed in seconds, (see Fig.2). The best rig for this system is a cutter rig with three roller furling stays. The other two roller stays are in tandem far forward and go to the top of a very tall mast that is stepped well aft. The outer headstay has huge roller furling jobs for downwind work. The inner headstay has heavier medium sized sails for upwind work and storm conditions. This rig can be handled by far fewer people and can easily set far more sail than cruising boats ever could before
A Breakthrough - Slotted Headsail Luff Support Systems
Authors: MacKenzie Alan
Published: May 2021

For many years, jobs and Genoas have been attached to headstays with end-pull hanks. In the last few years on small boats, we have begun to use tape straps with snaps and other similar devices. All of these share several problems:

1. They are aerodynamically unclean - they all present the headstay and he luff of the sail to the wind separately - with a gap in between. Beyond the turbulence caused in this way, the hanks and snaps themselves add to the disturbance of air flow.

2. They are potentially unsafe - the hanks can catch and tear other sails being hoisted (particularly spinnakers) - the distributions of hanks along the luff of the sail tends to load the sail and the stay very unevenly (There are, for example, cases of rod headstays shearing under the strain of the bottom or top hank)

3. They make sail changing quite difficult - it is necessary to drop and unhank the old sail before hosting the new one.

4. They are expensive for sailmakers to install.
Directional Stability and Control of Sailing Yachts
Authors: Scott Walter H.
Published: May 2021

Modern ocean racing yachts often encounter considerable difficulty in steering and directional stability. In order to understand and correct these difficulties, it is necessary to identify these separate force and moment components of the hull, keel, rudder/skeg combination and the sail plan. This paper concentrates on the underwater forces and moments, using a combination of tank test data and aircraft analysis techniques. Sample calculation results are presented for a typical One Ton yacht. The influence of the sail plan is discussed. The direction for possible improvements are shown and recommendations are made as to the type of general­ized hull and sail data which are required to improve this basically simple static analysis.
Elevstemmer i gymnasiet: Uddannelse overgår alle
Authors:   , Boie Mette Alma Kjærsholm
Published: May 2021

Afhandlingen har undersøgt fænomenet elevstemme i en gymnasiesammenhæng og tager udgangspunkt i elevers oplevelser af ’at sige noget eller ikke sige noget’ i forskellige undervisningssituationer. Undersøgelsen bidrager med begrebsudvikling af elevstemme og tilføjer et vigtigt perspektiv i forhold til at forstå gymnasieelevers stemme. Samtidig giver den anledning til at rejse en diskussion af pædagogisk imødekommenhed ud fra fænomenet elevstemme, der blandt andet handler om at kvalificere måden at lytte til elever på, anerkende deltagelse som tavs og undervise med blik for elevers tvivl.
Lessons from the Danish-German Border Region for Post 2020 Interreg A – an Alignment with Cross-Border Functional Regions?
Authors: Klatt Martin
Published: May 2021

Interreg has been the European Union (EU) initiative to support territorial cooperation and integration across borders. 30 years of Interreg, though, have not changed the fact that different barriers persist at the inner borders of the EU, and that only a few cross-border territories have emerged as joint action spaces with in-depth political cooperation and people’s interaction. While it is consensus that cross-border economic flows are decisive for the development of functional and in the end institutionalized cross-border regions, regional econometric models demonstrate the persistence of border barriers within the EU, but also that the removal of these barriers greatly increases regional growth potential. In a research project focusing on the alignment of cross-border regional economic interests, cross-border networks between business and politics and cross-border policies in the Danish-German cross-border region Sønderjylland-Schleswig we have discovered issues on different communication codes between business and politics, lack of tangible cross-border development strategies and a lack of alignment of shortterm, time delimited Interreg project oriented operational programs to tangible, long-term strategies of cross-border regional economic development. EU territorial cohesion policies could be better aligned with long-term, cross-border economic strategies to create sustainable cross-border development. It will be important to rethink Interreg in a less project-oriented, but more strategy-oriented direction; focusing on flows and institutional settings promoting the development of flows by reducing cross-border barriers.
Une éthique minimale de l’éducation à l’autonomie en santé de la population adolescente vivant avec une maladie chronique
Authors: Morsa Maxime
Published: May 2021

Dans le domaine médical, l’éthique est généralement envisagée à travers le prisme du soin, mais elle l’est plus rarement à travers celui de l’éducation. Or la prévalence croissante des maladies chroniques associée à la demande d’autodétermination des personnes a conduit le système de soins à mettre en oeuvre l’éducation des personnes malades pour favoriser leur capacité à prendre soin d’elles-mêmes. Antipaternalistes dans leurs fondements théoriques, ces interventions peuvent néanmoins buter sur l’écueil du moralisme implicite ou de l’utilitarisme. Dans cet article, nous discutons des apports de l’éthique minimale pour envisager une relation éducative déchargée des attentes morales vis-à-vis des personnes malades et permettre l’éducation critique aux normes sociales qui influencent les attitudes en santé. Nous argumentons également en faveur à la fois de la nécessité d’un « maximalisme » des stratégies et des moyens éducatifs visant à rendre effective l’éthique minimale dans l’autonomisation des patients en santé. Notre réflexion est contextualisée au regard des interventions éducatives dispensées auprès de la population adolescente vivant avec une maladie chronique.
Noli me tangere : affiner le régime québécois d’immunité de saisie pour les objets culturels
Authors: Le Moine François
Published: May 2021

Afin d’encourager la présentation d’expositions au Québec, l’article 697 du Code de procédure civile permet de protéger contre les saisies les oeuvres d’art et les autres biens culturels ou historiques prêtés de l’étranger. Cette disposition (alors l’article 553.1 de l’ancien Code de procédure civile) fut introduite en 1976 afin de permettre la tenue, à Montréal, d’une importante exposition en provenance de l’URSS.

Depuis, de nombreux États se sont dotés de mesures de protection comparables et l’article 697 est fréquemment employé pour protéger les oeuvres d’art et objets culturels lors de leur passage au Québec. Cependant, la jurisprudence étrangère révèle que ces mécanismes ne sont pas exempts de failles. Plus de quarante ans après l’adoption au Québec de cette disposition d’insaisissabilité, et à la lumière des développements internationaux, la présente étude se propose de dresser un bilan de l’emploi de cette disposition, d’évaluer ses défauts ainsi que de formuler des propositions afin de renforcer son efficacité et de permettre son emploi dans d’autres contextes que ceux jusqu’ici envisagés par le législateur.
Predicting Employment Notice Period with Machine Learning: Promises and Limitations
Authors: Dahan Samuel , Touboul Jonathan , Lam Jason , Sfedj Dan
Published: May 2021

Rapid advances in data analysis techniques—particularly for predictive algorithms—have opened the door for radically new perspectives on legal practice and access to justice. Several firms in North America, Asia, and Europe have set out to use machine-learning techniques to generate legal predictions, raising concerns regarding ethics, reliability and limits on prediction accuracy, and potential impact on case law development. To explore these opportunities and challenges, we consider in depth one of the most litigated issues in Canada: wrongful termination disputes and, more specifically, the question of reasonable notice determination. Beyond the thorough analysis of this question, this paper is also intended to act as a road map for non-technicians (and especially lawyers) on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods, illustrating both their potential benefits and limitations in other areas of dispute resolution.

To achieve these results, we first created a large dataset by annotating historic cases related to employment termination. This dataset proved useful for assessing the predictability of reasonable notice of termination, that is, the accuracy and precision of AI predictions. In particular, it helped identify the degree of inconsistency in notice period cases, incidentally exposing the limitations of legal predictions. We then developed predictive algorithms to estimate notice periods based on details of the employment period and investigated their accuracy and performance. Moreover, we thoroughly analyzed these algorithms to better understand the judicial process, and in particular to quantify the weight and influence of case-specific features in the determination of reasonable notice. Finally, we closely analyzed cases that were poorly predicted by the algorithms to understand the judicial decision-making process and identify inconsistencies—a strategy that will ultimately yield a deeper practical understanding of case law.

This project will open the door to the development of an access-to-justice project and will provide users with an open-access platform for employment legal help (www.MyOpenCourt.org).
L’autodidaxie féconde de François-Xavier Garneau
Authors: Groulx Patrice
Published: May 2021

On s’est peu attardé aux sources de la pensée de François-Xavier Garneau (1809-1866), en dépit de sa place parmi les fondateurs de l’histoire et de la littérature québécoises. Le clergé catholique a laissé entendre que, parce qu’il était un autodidacte, formé hors de sa surveillance, Garneau diffusait des idées peu orthodoxes et que, pour cette raison, il n’était pas un historien à part entière. En réalité, Garneau n’a jamais cessé d’enrichir ses connaissances et ses capacités d’analyse en lisant des oeuvres de toute provenance. Nous analysons ici son programme de lectures et, ce faisant, nous voulons ouvrir une réflexion sur l’apport de l’autodidaxie à la constitution de la discipline historique.