bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What I didn’t grow up with is dangerous: Personal experience with a new technology or societal change reduces the belief that it corrupts youth
Authors: Protzko John , Schooler Jonathan
Published: August 2022

Throughout history, new technological/societal changes have been viewed with suspicion, their influences interpreted as damaging, corrupting, and a potential cause of societal downfall. The youth of the day are particularly seen as the victims of such developments. Why do we keep seeing technology/societal change as harmful to young people? Two studies (N = 1,702 combined) examine what technological/social factors people believe contribute to the corruption of the youth. In a pilot study, American adults generated a list of technological/societal innovations that they viewed as particularly problematic for youth in assorted ways. In study 2, we mapped the belief that specific technological/societal changes are corruptive onto whether American adults experienced them while growing up. Here we show that people see technologies that are more modern as particularly corrupting of today’s youth. We further show a robust within-person relationship between people’s exposure to particular technologies in childhood and their belief that the experienced change is corrupting the youth of ‘the present’. People are more likely to see technological/societal changes as corrupting if they did not experience it themselves growing up (b = -.09, p < .001, 95%CI = [-.11, -.09]). Intriguingly, however, reminding people of their own exposure to a particular innovation growing up reduces their perception of its potential harm. Thus, as society continues to progress with new innovations, we may continue to ‘see’ technological/societal changes we did not grow up with as corrupting the youth of the future—in a vicious cycle that may persist indefinitely or at least until its likely source (mere unfamiliarity) is more widely recognized.
Who goes first? A distributed simulator study of vehicle-pedestrian interaction
Authors: Kalantari Amir Hossein , Yang Yue , Garcia Jorge , Lee Yee Mun , Horrobin Anthony , Solernou Albert , Holmes Christopher , Merat Natasha , Markkula Gustav
Published: August 2022

One of the current challenges of automation is to have highly automated vehicles (HAVs) that communicate effectively with pedestrians and react to changes in pedestrian behaviour, to promote more trustable HAVs. However, the details of how human drivers and pedestrians interact at unsignalised crossings remain poorly understood. We addressed some aspects of this challenge by replicating vehicle-pedestrian interactions in a safe and controlled virtual environment by connecting a high fidelity motion-based driving simulator to a CAVE-based pedestrian lab in which 64 participants (32 pairs of one driver and one pedestrian) interacted with each other under different scenarios. The controlled setting helped us study the causal role of kinematics and priority rules on interaction outcome and behaviour, something that is not possible in naturalistic studies. We also found that kinematic cues played a stronger role than psychological traits like sensation seeking and social value orientation in determining whether the pedestrian or driver passed first at unmarked crossings. One main contribution of this study is our experimental paradigm, which permitted repeated observation of crossing interactions by each driver-pedestrian participant pair, yielding behaviours which were qualitatively in line with observations from naturalistic studies.
Evaluating the Emotional Contagion and Neuroticism in the Tweets of Gotabaya Rajapaksa, Sajith Premadasa and Their Followers During Social Protest Movements in Sri Lanka
Authors: Nanayakkara Dylan Mapagunaratne Perera
Published: August 2022

The linguistic manifestations of emotional contagion and personality traits, such as neuroticism, are understudied areas in cyberpsychology research. Thus, after social protest movements in Sri Lanka, a range of qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to evaluate the level of emotional contagion present among the discourse of Sri Lankan Twitter users, with a focus on neuroticism, during the five-day period at the start of the “GoHomeGota” protests. Content analyses found followers of Sajith Premadasa were less likely to exhibit negative aspects of neuroticism in their tweets, compared to the followers of Gotabaya Rajapaksa. Sentiment analyses corroborate the content analyses, while a qualitative examination of highly negatively valenced tweets showed followers of each politician directed their criticism at different targets. Meanwhile, social network analyses showed that the networks of followers and protestors of these two politicians, while similar in some respects, were markedly distinct in others. Future research on these areas should utilize more sophisticated data analysis tools, as this study was limited by the use of free and open-source software.
Sleep Paralysis Causes, Risk Factors, and Associated Health Outcomes: A Review & Synthesis
Authors: Smoszna Zuzanna , Kullar Monica
Published: August 2022

Sleep is a basic necessity that is important to general health, and in some cases can be accompanied by sleep disorders such as sleep paralysis. Sleep paralysis is relatively common among the general population, but there are still many factors of this disorder that remain unknown. In this review, a brief overview of sleep, risk factors of sleep paralysis, multiple methods for measuring sleep paralysis, and the associated health outcomes will be examined to provide an in-depth synthetic review of sleep paralysis. In addition, upon comprehensive review, a substantial amount of variables appear to be related to sleep paralysis; this includes body position, sleep hygiene, sex, ethnicity, culture, prevailing psychological and sleep disorders, and early life traumas. Sleep paralysis seems to be the most prevalent in those who are already experiencing a mental or sleep disorder. Limitations and future considerations for several specific areas are discussed to provide implications for later research.
The Development of Intent-based Epistemic Trust
Authors: Margoni Francesco , Nava Elena
Published: August 2022

We asked if and how children’s epistemic trust is influenced by the valence of the intentions underlying informants’ prior actions. Italian children aged 6 to 10 years (n = 219, 112 female) were first presented with two puppets and asked to judge them. One puppet accidentally caused harm (neutral intention), the other attempted but failed to do so (negative intention). Next, the puppets gave contrasting testimonies about whether a novel agent was good or bad. Findings revealed that the tendency to trust the assessment of the well-intentioned puppet concerning the novel agent emerges at age 8, whereas younger children simply showed to believe that the novel agent was good, regardless of the testimonies they received.
Conflicting Declarations under the Hague Service Convention amid the Russo-Ukrainian War: Dilemmas and Preliminary Solutions
Authors: Huang Jie
Published: August 2022

The 1965 Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters has been increasingly used by its Member States to demonstrate their territorial claims. Contexts in which States have done so include the Falklands dispute and the Israel-Palestine conflict. This has now arisen in the apex during the Russo-Ukrainian war when conflicting declarations have been formulated by eight States under the Convention. This paper analyses the legal dilemmas brought by these declarations and proposes preliminary solutions. It also provides insights into how similarly conflicting declarations under seven other conventions administered by the Hague Conference on Private International Law may be addressed.
Officer Diversity May Reduce Black Americans’ Fear of the Police
Authors: Pickett Justin , Graham Amanda , Nix Justin , Cullen Francis T.
Published: August 2022

Would police racial and gender diversification reduce Black Americans’ fear of the police? The theory of representative bureaucracy indicates that it might. We tested the effects of officer diversity in two experiments embedded in a national survey that oversampled Black Americans, producing several findings. First, in early 2022, nearly two years after George Floyd’s killing, most Black Americans remained afraid of police mistreatment. Second, in a conjoint experiment where respondents were presented with 11,000 officer profiles, Black Americans were less afraid when the officers were non-White (Black or Hispanic/Latino) instead of White and were female instead of male. Third, in a separate experiment with pictured police teams, Black Americans were less afraid of being mistreated by non-White and female officers. Fourth, experimental evidence emerged that body-worn cameras (BWC) reduced fear among both Black and non-Black respondents. These findings support calls to diversify police agencies and to require officers to wear and notify civilians of BWC.
Small cities and smart retail
Authors: Jamme Hue-Tam , Connor Dylan
Published: August 2022

Internet-of-Things (IoT) innovations are reconfiguring our societies and our day-to-day lives. But how do these new technologies enter our communities, and when they do, will they complement or dislocate existing activity? This paper raises these questions with respect to a rapidly proliferating class of “smart vending technologies.” We focus on one particularly prominent case in this class: the smart pizza vending machines that are now spreading across France. Relying on an exclusive and newly constructed database, we examine the diffusion of these machines across over 30,000 French communities. We find that the quality of a community’s internet infrastructure is predictive of its adoption of smart vending technology. Contrary to our expectations, however, neither the large, dense, and most connected urban centers, nor the rural food deserts are the first adopters of these machines: instead, small but well-connected communities are at the vanguard of this technological change. We speculate that these machines are arriving in places with attractive consumer bases and internet conditions, but which lack 24/7 on-demand food options. Our findings highlight the bottom-up conditions that are giving rise to the rapid penetration of IoT technologies, which are sure to have long lasting local impacts.
Substituted service in Australia: problem, tension, and proposed solution
Authors: Huang Jie
Published: August 2022

Substituted service is an important and frequently used method to bring judicial documents to a defendant’s attention when service of process in the manner otherwise required by the civil procedure rule is impracticable. Between substituted service and the Hague Service Convention 1965 exists a tension: as the scope of substituted service expands, the application of the Convention shrinks. The tension predated the pandemic but has become increasingly acute as Australian courts have frequently been called upon to address when substituted service may be ordered to replace service under the Convention. Addressing this tension is significant but complex as it involves Australia's international obligation to follow the Convention, a plaintiff's legitimate expectation to quickly effect service of process, and a defendant's fundamental right to due process. This paper is a digest of Australian private international law on substituted service. It provides timely proposals both at the domestic and international dimensions to address this tension.
Living with “long COVID”: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence
Authors: Hossain Md Mahbub , Das Jyoti , Rahman Farzana , Nesa Fazilatun , Hossain Puspita , Islam A. M. Khairul , Tasnim Samia , Faizah Farah , Mazumder Hoimonty , Purohit Neetu , Ramirez Gilbert
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Long-term health consequences of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), also known as “long COVID,” has become a global health concern. In this systematic review, we aimed to synthesize the qualitative evidence on lived experiences of people living with long COVID that may inform health policymaking and practice. Methods: We searched six major databases and additional sources and systematically retrieved relevant qualitative studies and conducted a meta-synthesis of key findings using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and reporting standards of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. Results: We found 15 articles representing 12 studies out of 619 citations from different sources. These studies provided 133 findings that were categorized into 55 categories. All categories were aggregated to the following synthesized findings: living with complex physical health problems, psychosocial crises of long COVID, slow recovery and rehabilitation, digital resources and information management, changes in social support, and experiences with healthcare providers, services, and systems. Ten studies were from the UK, and others were from Denmark and Italy, which highlights a critical lack of evidence from other countries. Conclusions: More representative research is needed to understand long COVID-related experiences from diverse communities and populations. The available evidence informs a high burden of biopsychosocial challenges among people with long COVID that would require multilevel interventions such as strengthening health and social policies and services, engaging patients and caregivers in making decisions and developing resources, and addressing health and socioeconomic disparities associated with long COVID through evidence-based practice.
Konspiratorisk läggning hos svenska folket
Authors: Strömbäck Jesper
Published: August 2022

This chapter investigates the antecedents and correlates of conspiratorial predispositions, using the annual Swedish SOM-survey. Among other things, the results show that there is a correlation between stronger conspiratorial predispositions on the one hand, and education, social trust, and media use on the other.
Challenges & Prospects of Bihari Camp Residents in Bangladesh: A Report on a Pilot Survey Project in Center Community Relief (CCR) Camp and Mohammadpur Market Camp in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Fatema , Afroz Tahmina , Mahbub Masum
Published: August 2022

The Bihari community in Bangladesh originated from the Indian states of Bihar and West Bengal after the Partition of India in 1947. Approximately 300,000 Biharis are living in 116 camps around Bangladesh since the liberation war in 1971. Because of their political ideology and participation in the liberation war against the independence of Bangladesh, this community is socially and politically isolated. This isolation causes multiple issues in the Bihari camp residents’ lives. Poverty is the major problem of the camp residents. In addition, housing problems, inadequate education, drinking water, sanitation facilities, healthcare services, legal aid, and socio-political discrimination have made their lives difficult. The International Republican Institute (IRI) found several challenges in the Bihari community in their qualitative study. It includes- social and political alienation, poverty, discrimination in the job market, inadequate healthcare services, poor sanitation facilities, scarcity of clean drinking water, congested housing, and drug trafficking. In this study, the researcher intends to discover the extent of the current challenges and problems of the Bihari community living in Bangladesh.
Production and persistence of criminal skills: Evidence from a high-crime context
Authors: Escobar Maria A. , Tobon Santiago , Vanegas-Arias Martin
Published: August 2022

We study criminal skills production and persistence by looking at the universe of incarceration spells and violent and non-violent property crime reports in Colombia. Leveraging detailed and geo-coded information, we find that property crime reports are higher around prisons on the days inmates are released. Two types of offenders drive the impacts: (i) property crime specialists—inmates with a prior conviction for violent or non-violent theft; and (ii) trainees—inmates with different criminal records but who interacted heavily with specialists during incarceration. We examine whether participation in rehabilitation programs or longer prison spells mitigate these effects and find no evidence for either type of offender. Although we are unaware of how many crimes these offenders would commit absent incarceration, these results suggest that incarceration’s specific deterrence or rehabilitation effects might be weak for these populations and that, in some circumstances, prison can foster rather than prevent crime.
Effect of Sound Vibration towards the Stomata Opening Area via Edge Detection Analysis
Authors: Jatmika Surya , Purwanto Agus , Dwandaru Wipsar Sunu Brams
Published: August 2022

The effect of sound vibration (SV) towards plants had been studied for more than 30 years. Many results confirmed that SV influenced various parts of plants, e.g.: the stomata. However, the scientific community was still in doubt of these results. Hence, it is now a matter of giving further proofs and/or insights using new methods. This study aimed to determine the stomata pore movement influenced by SV with new observation and analysis technique based on edge detection. We had directly observed the abaxial stomata of Rhoeo discolor plant exposed by single SV frequencies of 0 Hz to 7000 Hz with an interval of 1000 Hz. The main device used in the observation was a microscope. The observation was conducted before, during, and after the SV exposure. The measurement of the stomata pore area utilized an image capture, which was then analyzed with edge detection technique. These edges were used as an indicator in the calculation of the stomata pore area in the pixel unit. The result showed that SV with frequency of 6000 Hz produced the largest stomata pore area, whereas the frequencies of 2000 Hz and 3000 Hz gave smaller stomata pore areas. Therefore, a single frequency of SV influenced the stomata pore area based on the edge detection analysis.
FLOW CALCULATION IN A STANDING TIDAL WAVE ESTUARY
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Prov. Buenos Aires (CIFICEN), UNCPBA – CONICET,Pinto 399 – (7000) Tandil – Argentina, Thomas L.P. , Marino B.M. ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Prov. Buenos Aires (CIFICEN), UNCPBA – CONICET,Pinto 399 – (7000) Tandil – Argentina
Published: August 2022

The hydrodynamic behaviour of the micro tidal and 13.9-km-long Quequén Grande River estuary (Buenos Aires, Argentina), in which the tide behaves as a standing wave, is studied analytically and numerically. Results provided by the SisBaHiA program are validated with the measurements performed with two acoustic Doppler current profilers in stations located at 1.4, 2.9, 7.5 and 11.3 km from the estuary mouth. The numerical model reproduces the differences between the measured water column height and the equilibrium height in each station. In particular, the numerical values of the flow and tidal height are analyzed during a spring tide cycle by considering nine times corresponding to the maximum, minimum, and close to the equilibrium levels. The time variations in the free surface height and flow along the estuary are explained successfully by an analytical model based on the Saint Venant one-dimensional equations as a function of the river discharge and the tidal height in the estuary mouth and the bed and friction slopes.
CFD ANALYSIS OF THE HEAD LOSS ON A T45-R TESLA VALVE
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura – Universidad Nacional de Rosario,Berutti 2109 – (2000) Rosario – Argentina, Cardona C.S. , Hazzi F. ,   Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura – Universidad Nacional de Rosario,Berutti 2109 – (2000) Rosario – Argentina, Pairetti C.I. ,   Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura – Universidad Nacional de Rosario,Berutti 2109 – (2000) Rosario – Argentina   Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales (UNL -CONICET),Colectora Ruta Nac Nro 168, Km 0, Paraje El Pozo (3000) Santa Fe – Argentina., Venier C.M. ,   Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura – Universidad Nacional de Rosario,Berutti 2109 – (2000) Rosario – Argentina   Centro de Investigaciones en Métodos Computacionales (UNL -CONICET),Colectora Ruta Nac Nro 168, Km 0, Paraje El Pozo (3000) Santa Fe – Argentina.
Published: August 2022

The Tesla valve is a check valve without moving parts. Its operation depends strongly on the flow rate. This conduit develops asymmetric head losses due to its geometric design, behaving like a hydraulic diode with a certain degree of efficiency. In the direct flow direction, the pressure drop is relatively low, while in the reverse direction the hydraulic resistance is higher. In the present work, we develop a numerical model, based on Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD), to study the normalized Tesla valve T45-R. We simulate the incompressible laminar flow in this device. First, we analyze the precision of the model with a mesh convergence analysis. Subsequently, we compared the numerical prediction of head loss with experimental data for low Reynolds numbers, obtaining good agreement. We observe differences of less than 15 % for the forward direction and less than 6 % for the reverse direction. The diodicity prediction of the CFD differs from the experimental data below 5 %. The results obtained from the loss coefficient K differ from the experimental data by less than 14 %. Afterwards, we compared the CFD results with 0D models, available in the literature, observing a good agreement for a wider Reynolds number range. As a result of this study, we have a numerical design tool for this type of device, particularly applied in the field of microfluidics, having verified its precision in a wide operating range.
STUDY OF VON KÁRMÁN INSTABILITY RESULTING FROM A BINARY CYLINDER SYSTEM
Authors:   Laboratorio de Estudios Avanzados en Fenómenos no Lineales, LEAF-NL,Depto. de Ingeniería Mecánica - Universidad de Chile,Beauchef 850 – Santiago – Chile.  Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aeroespaciales – Fuerza Aérea de Chile,Gran Avenida José Miguel Carrera 11087, El Bosque – Santiago – Chile., Rozas J. , Hernández R.H. ,   Laboratorio de Estudios Avanzados en Fenómenos no Lineales, LEAF-NL,Depto. de Ingeniería Mecánica - Universidad de Chile,Beauchef 850 – Santiago – Chile.
Published: August 2022

Experimental results are presented of the temporal evolution of the wake associated with von Kármán, instability produced by a system of two vertical cylinders of different diameters (binary cylindrical system) facing a uniform airflow. The goal is to study the influence of the binary system on the linear stability of the wake at moderate Reynolds numbers, as well as the vortex emission. From the measurements of the velocity profiles we were able to analyze the wake’s dynamic behaviour in both the subcritical and critical ranges. Furthermore, it was possible to determine the frequency content of the vortex emission of the system, finding a coupling (lock-in) in the wake of both cylinders at the onset of the von Kármán instability. This coupling is developed, even, in the condition of greatest distance between the wakes(α=90◦). The non-linear condition of the wake is reflected in the power spectrum (PSD) of the velocity time series, presenting additional frequency modes to the fundamental vortex shedding frequency of each cylinder.
TOWARDS MORE DURABLE KNEE PROSTHESES: THE PHAN-THIEN AND TANNERMODEL AND THE ELASTO-HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION
Authors:   Grupo Biomecánica Computacional (GBC) – Facultad de Ingeniería – Universidad Nacional De Entre Ríos,Ruta Prov. 11 km 10 – (3100) Oro Verde – Entre Ríos – Argentina., Weiss B.A. , Ubal S. ,   Grupo Biomecánica Computacional (GBC) – Facultad de Ingeniería – Universidad Nacional De Entre Ríos,Ruta Prov. 11 km 10 – (3100) Oro Verde – Entre Ríos – Argentina., Di Paolo J. ,   Grupo Biomecánica Computacional (GBC) – Facultad de Ingeniería – Universidad Nacional De Entre Ríos,Ruta Prov. 11 km 10 – (3100) Oro Verde – Entre Ríos – Argentina.
Published: August 2022

The synovial fluid is usually assumed to be Newtonian despite its viscoelastic behavior. In this work a model based on the Reynolds equation and the Phan-Thien and Tanner rheological law (PTT) is presented. The model, of the ellipsoid-on-plane type, contemplates the curvature of the articular surfaces and assumes the tibial component, typically made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), is deformed according to the column model. Using commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.2, the governing equations of non-Newtonian lubrication flow were simultaneously solved to find the component of the total stress tensor for the PTT model, in the direction perpendicular to the flow, and the lubricating film thickness. From these results the friction forces and friction coefficients on the articular surfaces were calculated. Simulations were carried out for different operating conditions corresponding to elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication, the predominant lubrication mechanism in the simple support phase of the gait cycle. The results show the importance of an adequate model to obtain quantitative information, considering the fluid as Newtonian would lead to overestimations of the lubricant film thickness. The results suggest that, as long as thin film lubrication is the lubrication regime, the viscosupplementation and consequent increase in relaxation constantλwouldlead to lower coefficients of friction. However, for the lubrication regime to be thin film lubrication, the relaxation constant of the fluid should be less than 2.5×10−5s.
IMPACT OF DESIGN PARAMETERS ON THE NATURAL VENTILATION OF A FAMILY HOUSE ATTIC FROM SANTA FE (ARGENTINA)
Authors:   Grupo de Investigación en Mecánica de Fluidos (GIMEF) – Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Santa Fe,Lavaisse 610 – (3000) Santa Fe – Santa Fe – Argentina, Berli M. , Brondino A. ,   Grupo de Investigación en Mecánica de Fluidos (GIMEF) – Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Santa Fe,Lavaisse 610 – (3000) Santa Fe – Santa Fe – Argentina, Di Paolo J. ,   Grupo de Investigación en Mecánica de Fluidos (GIMEF) – Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Santa Fe,Lavaisse 610 – (3000) Santa Fe – Santa Fe – Argentina
Published: August 2022

The roof of a family home introduces important amounts of heat into the house. In Santa Fe city (Argentina), the attic of social family houses is not designed with thermal optimization purposes. In this work, a low Reynolds number k-e turbulent model is computationally implemented to show that a proper selection of constructive parameters of a vented attic leads to a great reduction of the heat transferred from the roof to the ceiling. The main physical consequence of a vented attic is the existence of a convective flow barrier close to the roof that carries important amounts of heat from the attic out to the environment. It is shown that the heat transferred through the ceiling to the interior of the house can be reduced in more than 70 % for summer conditions. Roof pitch and attic volume are also explored.
Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Puan Maharani Abaikan Interupsi Saat Sidang Paripurna pada Media Daring Tempo.co dan Kompas.tv
Authors: Apriyani Evi , Setiawan Hendra
Published: August 2022

Bingkai berita atau framing merupakan cara pandang media dalam menulis berita. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk medeksripsikan pembingkaian berita Puan Maharani yang mengabaikan interupsi pada saat Sidang Paripurna Uji Kelayakan Jenderal Andika Perkasa menjadi Panglima TNI. Analisis framing yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan model Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicki. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis yang menyajikan data berupa uraian kata-kata hasil analisis yang mengandalkan penafsiran berdasarkan data. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu media pers daring Tempo.co dan Kompas.Tv. Sedangkan objek pada penelitian ini yaitu mengenai pemberitaan Puan Maharani yang mengabaikan interupsi yang dilakukan anggota DPR pada saat sidang Paripurna. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik baca dan catat, sedangkan untuk teknik analisis data yaitu dengan melakukan pengumpulan data mengenai pemberitaan tersebut, reduksi data dengan memilah pemberitaan, menganalisis data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) analisis framing pemberitaan Puan Maharani yang mengabaikan inteurpsi pada media Tempo.co menghasilkan pemberitaan yang menonjolkan aspek sikap Puan Maharani yang tidak patut sebagai pimpinan sidang, serta 2) analisis framing pemberitaan Puan Maharani yang mengabaikan interupsi pada media Kompas.Tv memberikan prinsip keberimbangan dan tidak hanya menonjolkan aspek sikap Puan Maharani, tetapi menonjolkan aspek penginterupsi yang dinilai tidak tepat sehingga sikap Puan Maharani yang mengabaikannya dapat dimaklumi.
THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CARBOXYTHERAPY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE PATHOGENESIS AND SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19
Authors: Drohovoz S. M. , Shtroblia A. L. , Shtroblia V. V. , Shtroblia M. V. , Shchokina К. H. , Kalko K. V. , Derymedvid L. V. , Khomenko V. M. , Kireiev I. V. , Lykianchuk V. D. , Hishchak O. Y. , Hryshchenko N. V.
Published: August 2022

Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its mutants. COVID-19 is often the cause of the development of pathologies on the part of the respiratory system against the background of hypoxia. One of the alternative methods of eliminating hypoxia is carboxytherapy, since carbon dioxide (CO2) has an anti-hypoxic, antioxidant effect due to its physiological properties. The use of CO2 in the treatment can be effective in eliminating the symptoms of pleuropulmonary pathology, as CO2 has anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antimicrobial effects.
ГЕМАТОЕНЦЕФАЛІЧНИЙ БАР’ЄР ЯК УНІКАЛЬНИЙ ВНУТРІШНІЙ ПРОСТІР НЕРВОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Borysiuk I. Yu. , Zamkovaja A. V. , Kampi Yu. Yu.
Published: August 2022

Гематоенцефалічний бар’єр (ГЕБ) – це специфічне внурішньосистемне середовище, яке має унікальні властивості мікроциркуляції центральної нервової системи (ЦНС). Метою статті є науково-експериментальний огляд внутрішнього ангіоендотеліального бар’єру центральної нервової системи, його фізіологічної та біохімічної ролі, а також висвітлення наукових аспектів взаємозв’язку гематоенцефалічного бар’єру у формуванні та патогенезі хвороби Альцгеймера. Матеріали і методи. В ході виконання роботи здійснено клінічний аналіз 36 пацієнтів (середній вік 71 ± 7 років, n = 36) із легкою та середньою тяжкістю хвороби Альцгеймера, які брали участь у дослідженні біомаркерів, що включало клінічні оцінки, візуалізацію мозку, а також забір спинномозкової рідини та плазми протягом 1 року. Цілісність ГЕБ оцінювали за допомогою CSF-альбумінового індексу (CSF-AI). Результати та їх обговорення. Порушення ГЕБ є стабільною характеристикою протягом 1 року і присутнє у важливій підгрупі пацієнтів з хворобою Альцгеймера. Вік, стать, статус гену APOE4, судинні фактори ризику та базова оцінка міні-психічного стану не пояснюють мінливості цілісності ГЕБ. На роль порушення ГЕБ, як модифікатора прогресування захворювання, припускають кореляції між індексом альбуміну в спинномозковій рідині та показниками прогресування захворювання протягом 1 року. Однак останнім часом інтерес до імунотерапії при легких та середніх формах тяжкості хвороби Альцгеймера є однією з причин переоцінити проблему руйнування чи стійкості ГЕБ, оскільки неушкоджений ГЕБ є потенційним бар’єром для ефективної терапії антиамілоїдним імуноглобуліном. Висновки. Порушення транспортування метаболітів через ГЕБ з причини його зростаючої дисфункції впливає на здоров’я мозку та когнітивне функціонування і, як наслідок, виступає відправною точкою для нейродегенеративних захворювань. Хвороба Альцгеймера посилює дисфункції ГЕБ та активує незворотні нейродегенеративні зміни, провідна роль в яких належить білку амілоїду ендотеліального запалення та провокує ангіогенез. Руйнуванню нематоенцефалічного бар’єру може сприяти таке захворювання як церебральна амілоїдна ангіопатія.
АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗ: КЛІТИННО-МОЛЕКУЛЯРНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ РОЗВИТКУ ЗАПАЛЕННЯ В АРТЕРІЯХ (узагальнення проблеми)
Authors: Kazymyrko V. K. , Silantieva T. S. , Dubkova A. G. , Krylova A. S. , Kutovyi V. V. , Ivanitska L. N.
Published: August 2022

У роботі узагальнено результати вивчення клітинно-молекулярних механізмів розвитку запалення в артеріях при атеросклерозі.
СПОСІБ ВИКОНАННЯ КОЛОНОСКОПІЇ В УМОВАХ ТОТАЛЬНОЇ ВОДНОЇ ІМЕРСІЇ ТА ХРОМОСКОПІЇ У ВОДНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ
Authors: Korpiak V. S. , Yakovenko V. A.
Published: August 2022

Скринінгова колоноскопія є золотим стандартом боротьби з колоректальним раком. Методи її виконання постійно вдосконалюються та доповнюються. Одним зі способів удосконалення методики є виконання огляду в умовах тотальної водної імерсії. Розглянуто основні особливості методики, фізичні, та зокрема оптичні особливості техніки виконання, запропоновано спосіб проведення хромоскопії у водному середовищі.
СИФІЛІС І ВІЙНИ У ХХ-ХХІ СТОЛІТЯХ
Authors: Volkoslavska V. М. , Unuchko S. V.
Published: August 2022

Інфекції, що передаються статевим шляхом (ІПСШ), особливо сифіліс, становлять значну частину захворюваності людства і завжди представляли загрозу великої смертності на протязі століть. В теперішній час сифіліс також збирає значний врожай: мертвонародження дітей, інвалідність дітей та підлітків, пошкодження центральної нервової системи та інших органів у дорослих та дітей. Жителі міст та сіл відрізняються за ступенем розповсюдженості сифілісу у його різних формах. Потрібний пошук, як вважають експерти ВООЗ та окремі вчені, нових методів виявлення хворих на сифіліс і проведення дієвої санітарно-просвітницької роботи серед населення. Мета огляду. Узагальнити статистичні данні про захворюваність на сифіліс на території України в залежності від значних історичних подій: війни, голод, революції та інші, які позначились на житті мільйонів людей. Матеріали та методи. Проведено аналіз звітів, архівних матеріалів (Харківської, Катеринославської, Київської губерній), архівних матеріалів Харківського та Київського науково-дослідних інститутів дерматології та венерології, а також аналіз наукових статей, презентацій наукових конференцій за більш ніж 100 останніх років. Висновки. Захворюваність на сифіліс зростала після значних соціальних зрушень в суспільстві, по різному впливали на рівень захворюваності на сифіліс місце проживання (села чи міста) та стать (чоловіки чи жінки).
ВОЛОДИМИР МИХАЙЛОВИЧ БЕХТЕРЄВ (до 165-річчя з дня народження)
Authors: Ferenets V. B.
Published: August 2022

Володимир Михайлович Бехтерєв (01.02.1857-24.12.1927) – видатний невролог, психіатр, психолог, морфолог і фізіолог нервової системи, доктор медицини, професор.
A multi-institutional survey on calvarial vault remodeling techniques for sagittal synostosis and outcomes analysis for patients treated at 12 months and older
Authors: Chi David , Gibson Ella , Chiang Sarah N. , Lee Koeun , Naidoo Sybill D. , Lee Amy , Birgfeld Craig , Pollack Ian F. , Goldstein Jesse , Golinko Michael , Bonfield Christopher M. , Siddiqi Faizi A. , Kestle John R. W. , Smyth Matthew D. , Patel Kamlesh B. , _ _
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Surgical treatment of sagittal craniosynostosis is challenging in older patients. This study aimed to assess the effect of increasing age on open surgical technique selection and patient outcomes using the multi-institutional Synostosis Research Group (SynRG) collaboration.

METHODS

Surgeons in SynRG were surveyed for key influences on their preferred open calvarial vault remodeling techniques at various patient ages: < 6, 6–12, and > 12 months. The SynRG database was then queried for open repairs of nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis performed for patients older than 12 months of age. Perioperative measures, complications, and preoperative and postoperative cephalic indices were reviewed.

RESULTS

All surgeons preferred to treat patients at an earlier age, and most (89%) believed that less-optimal outcomes were achieved at ages older than 12 months. The modified pi procedure was the dominant technique in those younger than 12 months, while more involved open surgical techniques were performed for older patients, with a wide variety of open calvarial vault remodeling techniques used. Forty-four patients met inclusion criteria, with a mean (± SD) age at surgery of 29 ± 16 months. Eleven patients underwent parietal reshaping, 10 parietal-occipital switch, 9 clamshell craniotomy, 7 geometric parietal expansion, 6 modified pi procedure, and 1 parietal distraction. There were no readmissions, complications, or mortality within 30 days postoperatively. Patients’ cephalic indices improved a mean of 6.4% ± 4.0%, with a mean postoperative cephalic index of 74.2% ± 4.9%. Differences in postoperative cephalic index (p < 0.04) and hospital length of stay (p = 0.01) were significant between technique cohorts. Post hoc Tukey-Kramer analysis identified the parietal reshaping technique as being significantly associated with a reduced hospital length of stay.

CONCLUSIONS

Patient age is an important driver in technique selection, with surgeons selecting a more involved calvarial vault remodeling technique in older children. A variety of surgical techniques were analyzed, with the parietal reshaping technique being significantly associated with reduced length of stay; however, multiple perioperative factors may be contributory and require further analysis. When performed at high-volume centers by experienced pediatric neurosurgeons and craniofacial surgeons, open calvarial vault techniques can be a safe method for treating sagittal craniosynostosis in older children.
Responsive neurostimulation device therapy in pediatric patients with complex medically refractory epilepsy
Authors: Hartnett Sara M. , Greiner Hansel M. , Arya Ravindra , Tenney Jeffrey R. , Aungaroon Gewalin , Holland Katherine , Leach James L. , Air Ellen L. , Skoch Jesse , Mangano Francesco T.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Pediatric epilepsy is characterized as drug resistant in 20%–30% of patients and defined as persistent seizures despite adequate treatment with two first-line antiepileptic medications. The American Academy of Neurology advocates surgical options earlier in the treatment of epilepsy to provide long-term seizure reduction. The new development of minimally invasive approaches has recently allowed for surgical options to patients not previously deemed surgical candidates. These may include patients with bilateral, deep, eloquent, or poorly localizing epileptogenic foci. To this end, responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is an FDA-approved closed-loop neuromodulation device for adjuvant treatment of adults with medically intractable epilepsy arising from one or multiple foci.

METHODS

In this study, the authors describe their initial institutional experience with the use of RNS in pediatric patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. An IRB-approved retrospective review was conducted of 8 pediatric patients who underwent RNS implantation at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center between 2019 and 2021.

RESULTS

Eight patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. The average age at the time of surgery was 14.7 years (range 8–18 years) with a mean follow-up of 16.5 months. All patients underwent invasive monitoring with stereo-EEG, subdural grid placement, or a combination of both. All patients had either bilateral or eloquent cortex targets. Trajectories were based on noninvasive (phase 1) and invasive (phase 2) seizure onset zone localization data. Four (50%) of the 8 patients underwent surgical intervention for epilepsy prior to RNS placement. RNS electrodes were placed with robot-assisted guidance in a hybrid operating room with intraoperative CT and electrocorticography. The authors demonstrated individualized RNS electrode trajectory and placement with targets in the amygdala/hippocampus, bilateral insula, bilateral parietal and occipital targets, and frontoparietal regions for a total of 14 implanted electrodes. One adverse event occurred, a wound infection requiring return to the operating room for removal of the RNS implant. All patients demonstrated a reduction in seizure frequency. All patients achieved > 50% reduction in seizure frequency at last follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

RNS implantation in carefully selected pediatric patients appears safe and efficacious in reducing seizure burden with a low rate of operative complications.
Histopathological evaluation of the effects of live Infectious bursal disease vaccine originated from WF2512 strain on bursa Fabricius in the broilers
Authors: ATEŞ Mehmet Burak , ÖZDEMİR Özgür , ÇELİK Zeynep , SALİK Rabia , DAĞAR Osman , BULUT Ayşegül , TURAL Ayşenur
Published: August 2022

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a viral disease that causes significant economic losses in young chickens, characterized by lymphoid depletion and inflammation in the bursa Fabricius (BF). The incidence of the disease shows an increasing trend all over the world. Active and passive immunization is very important as well as strict hygiene measures in combating outbreaks. However, the fact that live-attenuated vaccines (mild, intermediate, hot) used for this purpose cause immunosuppression because of bursal damage is seen as an important limitation. In this study, it was aimed to histopathologically investigate the effects of commercial IBD vaccines originating from WF2512 (intermediate plus/hot, orally with drinking water) on BF under routine broiler rearing conditions. For this, BFs of 55 Ross 308 hybrid breed chickens (50 test, 5 controls) from five different broiler farms were used. In addition to standard vaccines, the IBD vaccine was given on day 15, and five samples from each farm were obtained 10 days later (25th day). After the first sampling, the second BF sampling was performed at the age of 38 days. Histopathological bursal lesion score was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccine. Accordingly, it was determined that the bursal lesion score, which increased slightly to moderately in the first samples, decreased in the second samples (27-61%). This was accepted as an indication that the bursal damage, which increased with IBD vaccine administration, diminishes over time and that histological regeneration was increased.
Gastrointestinal linear foreign bodies in cats: A retrospective study of 12 cases
Authors: PARLAK Kurtuluş , AKYOL Eyüp Tolga , UZUNLU Elgin Orçum , ZAMİRBEKOVA Nuriza , BORAN ÇAYIRLI Ümmügülsüm Fatma , ARICAN Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Gastrointestinal foreign bodies are common in animals and may present with various clinical manifestations depending on the location, severity, and duration of the obstruction. Linear foreign body (LFB) obstructions are more common in cats compared to dogs, and the foreign body causing the obstruction is usually thread or threaded needle. In our study, it was aimed to determine the radiography and the localization of the obstruction in the diagnosis of LFB in cats, to investigate the operative treatment options and their effects on the prognosis. The study material consisted of 12 cats of different breeds, ages, and genders, who were referred with the suspicion of foreign body with acute/chronic vomiting and anorexia. After the identification of the foreign body causing the obstruction, treatment was planned considering its localization, severity and duration of pathology. All foreign bodies were removed surgical procedures. The most common finding was the plication in the intestines. Four cats died in the postoperative period. As a result, early and rapid diagnosis in LFB positively affects the prognosis. Intestinal perforations caused by LFB and infection due to bacterial translocation are inevitable in delayed cases. Another issue to be considered is that in cats that show symptoms of gastrointestinal system origin, it is extremely important to carry out a detailed examination of the mouth. In addition, it is thought that trying to pull out the LFBs that protruding out from the anus increases the risk of perforation in the intestines.
Extraction and characterization of astaxantin from the waste of deep water pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) obtained from İskenderun Bay
Authors: DİKEL Çiğdem , YANAR Yasemen , DEMİRKOL Onur
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to purpose a simple and effective method for the isolation of high-value pigment astaxanthin from shrimp waste, a low-value raw material. In this study, acetone was used as an extraction solvent. Mobile phase for TLC was acetone:hexane in the ratio 3:7 (v/v). The samples used in the study belong to the Parapenaeus longirostris species and were obtained from local fishermen operating in the Iskenderun Bay / Turkey. Shrimp waste was transported to the laboratory in a sterile container filled with ice. The wastes used in shrimp are the cephalothorax, abdominal shell and tail portion. Adhering meat from the cephalothorax was removed and the waste was washed under water and samples were dried at 50 °C with drying oven. Packed in polyethylene bags and stored at -18 °C until use. In this study, astaxanthin was extracted from shrimp shell waste using organic solvents (petroleum ether and acetone). Characterization of Astaxanthin pigment was performed with TLC buy comparing the Retardation Factor (Rf) as indicated in the Lorenz Todd standard chromatogram, in which three bands of Astaxanthin (Rf=0.36), Astaxanthin monoester (Rf=0.60) and Astaxanthin diester (Rf=0.75) were detected.
Legal Modernism
Authors: Funk Kellen , Mullen Lincoln
Published: August 2022

Law and legal practice modernized in the nineteenth-century United States. We are studying and visualizing the history of the modernization of American law.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL SHOPPING CENTER STRATA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ali Raden Ahmad Nur
Published: August 2022

Fokus penelitian ini adalah mencari sebuah model shopping center strata yang tepat. Kekosongan kios pada shopping center strata dirasakan terus meluas sehingga merugikan pemilik kios dan shopping center itu sendiri. Setelah melakukan pengamatan terhadap dua bentuk desain shopping center strata, diketahui bahwa kekosongan kios disebabkan karena dua faktor yaitu status kepemilikan strata pada shopping center yang menyebabkan terbatasnya pengelolaan terhadap kios yang kosong dan penerapan desain yang menciptakan posisi kios menjadi tidak strategis, suasana berbelanja yang tidak nyaman dan mempengaruhi harga sewa atau jual yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi yang sedang berkembang. Pencarian solusi terhadap permasalahan tersebut digambarkan ke dalam bentuk skenario pengembangan situasi yang menggambarkan tindakan terhadap kemungkinan yang terjadi. Dari analisis tersebut didapatkan bahwa pengelolaan sebagian jumlah kios pada shopping center masih lebih baik daripada tidak sama sekali, dan untuk mengatasi terbatasnya pengelolaan akibat status kepemilikan strata, maka diperlukan perjanjian serah kelola pemilik kios dengan pihak pengelola, dan fleksibilitas pada design shopping center, sehingga pengelolaan dapat dilakukan secara menyeluruh.