bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Separation methods for food protein purification and analysis
Authors: Wijethunga Anushi Madushani , Emenike Chijioke
Published: July 2024

The extraction, separation, and purification of dietary proteins from a variety of food sources are crucial for their targeted use in food applications. To achieve this, proteins should be effectively separated from non-protein components such as cell wall structures, polysaccharides, and lipids. Traditional protein purification methods can be time-consuming, highlighting the need for automated, cost-effective, and sustainable alternatives. This comprehensive review critically assesses various protein purification instruments from an analytical perspective, weighing their advantages and disadvantages. The methods under evaluation include ultrafiltration, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and microfluidic chips. Among these, FPLC stands out as an affordable and efficient technique that allows for high protein recovery. However, HPLC and UPLC provide faster results but may denature proteins, leading to lower recovery rates. Ultrafiltration is a cost-effective and straightforward method that doesn’t require complex equipment. Microchip-based approaches are emerging as innovative techniques for rapidly analyzing small samples. While SDS-PAGE is user-friendly, it denatures proteins, particularly those linked to other biomolecules. The choice of the most appropriate instrument depends on factors such as cost, energy efficiency, processing time, the characteristics of the target protein, desired outcomes, protein recovery, and resource availability. By critically examining these analytical instruments for protein purification, this review aims to assist researchers and practitioners in selecting the most suitable method for their specific needs, ultimately promoting efficient and successful protein purification endeavors in the field of food science and technology.
Uncertainty Cost Functions for Wave Energy
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Atiq Ur , Idarraga-Ospina Gina , Rivera Sergio
Published: July 2024

Wave energy is considered as an important energy source for people living near coastal areas to meet their basic energy needs. Innovative and new technologies can be used for this energy utilization to run the loads from sea waves. Due to its uncertain power availability, we can use uncertainty cost functions based on probability distributions for the availability of the operation of the wave energy microgrid. These probability distributions are based on several mapping models designed for the wave energy, wave height, and wave speed mapping to make the energy more stable and reliable. In contrast to other renewable energy sources, wave energy is inherently unpredictable, making it impossible to model with a single, globally applicable probability distribution function (PDF). The prediction of the behavior of primary wave energy for this purpose is completely based on several probability distribution functions (PDFs) which can be considered as the best for all conditions. In this paper, we have used the Weibull-Rayleigh probability distribution model to develop the uncertainty cost function for wave energy. The Monte-Carlo process is carried out to get the results supported by the Rayleigh probability distribution model consisting of wave height, and uncertain cost histograms. Cost is minimized by using the Weibull Rayleigh model for both overestimation and underestimation costs of wave energy. Monte-Carlo simulation results are further compared with analytical calculation and error between them.
THE ROLE OF ART TEACHERS IN DEVELOPING INTERPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE OF JUNIOR SECONDARY STUDENTS IN SRI LANKA
Authors: ABEYRATHANA A.A.N.D , WANASINGHE W.M. SHAMINDA , THILAKARATHNE P.K.S.S.T
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted with the main objective of examining the role of art teachers in developing interpersonal intelligence in today's school education. For that, the opportunities in the subject of art and the problems faced by teachers in developing interpersonal intelligence were kept as specific objectives. Survey design was used to study this research. 60 art teachers were selected using simple random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Data analyzed using quantitative methods. It was revealed that there are enough opportunities to develop the interpersonal model in the art subject. It was clear that activities related to pair group activities have been included in the learning and teaching process. But it was also revealed that the development of interpersonal intelligence does not take place sufficiently in the classroom. According to these findings, it could be concluded that there are enough opportunities and activities for the development of interpersonal intelligence in the syllabus. Accordingly, it was concluded that the teacher's role in the development of interpersonal intelligence is not fulfilled properly. Suggestions were also made to mitigate this problem. To develop interpersonal intelligence, traditional teaching methods should be avoided and student-centered and practical teaching methods should be adopted. It was suggested that it is necessary to direct students to curricular as well as extra-curricular activities.
The impact of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane hole transport layer doping on interfacial charge extraction and recombination
Authors: Bidinakis Konstantinos , Weber Stefan A L
Published: July 2024

Selective charge transport layers have a strong influence on the overall efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cell devices. Specifically, the charge extraction and recombination occurring at the perovskite’s interfaces with these materials can be a limiting factor for performance. A lot of effort has been put into improving the conductivity of selective contacts, as well as the junction quality and energetic alignment with the absorber. On the hole extracting side, organic semiconductors have been extensively used due to their flexibility and favorable properties. Two such compatible materials that have yielded high performing devices are the small molecule 2,2',7,7'-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) and the polymer Poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA). In this work, we investigate the impact of hole transport layer doping on the performance and potential distribution in solar cells based on these materials. To do so on operating solar cells, we created samples with exposed cross-sections and examined their potential profile distributions with Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), implementing our comprehensive measurement protocol. Using the Lewis acid tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF) enhanced the hole extracting material/perovskite junction quality in spiro-OMeTAD and in PTAA based devices. Measurements under illumination show that the improvement is caused by a reduced recombination rate at the perovskite/hole transporter interface.
Penerapan Prosedur Penerimaan dan Pengeluaran Kas Pada PT. Dragon Product Indonesia Factory
Authors: Rizkian Nashrulloh Hikam Cahya , Muktiadji Nusa , Arif Bahtiar
Published: July 2024

Dalam prosedur penerimaan serta pengeluaran kas sangat diperlukan terdapatnya prosedur yang baik serta cocok dengan kebijakan yang sudah diresmikan oleh perusahaan. Penerimaan serta pengeluaran kas jika dilaksanakan tidak sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan, akan menyebabkan terjadinya penyimpangan dalam penerimaan serta pengeluaran kas yang bisa menyebabkan kerugian bagi perusahaan, mengingat kas ini bersifat likuid dan mudah terjadi kecurangan. Jumlah rekening kas perusahaan yang dilaporkan dalam laporan keuangan akan semakin dapat diandalkan, bila prosedur penerimaan serta pengeluaran kas perusahaan dirancang dengan baik. Tujuan dari tugas akhir untuk mengetahui : 1) Bagaimana sistem dan prosedur penerimaan kas pada PT Dragon ; 2) Bagaimana sistem dan prosedur pengeluaran kas pada PT Dragon Product Indonesia? Hasil peninjauan ini menunjukan bahwa prosedur penerimaan kas serta pengeluaran kas pada PT. Dragon Product Indonesia Factory telah dilaksanakan dengan baik serta cocok dengan prosedur yang sudah diresmikan, dimana segala proses penerimaan kas serta pengeluaran kas wajib mendapatkan persetujuan dari pihak yang berwenang. Namun masih terdapat kekurangan, yaitu belum dilakukannya pemecahan tugas antara fungsi satu dengan fungsi lainnya, yang mengakibatkan keamanan kurang terjamin.
From Liubech to St. George`s Day
Authors: Novitskiy Igor A.
Published: July 2024

The paper puts forward a hypothesis about the date of the battle between a Novgorodian army of Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich and a South-Russian army of Sviatopolk the Accursed on the Dnepr River at Liubech. According to chronicles, the battle took place when Dnepr began to freeze over. This evidence allows to refer the time of the battle to the second half of November — early December. On the eve of the battle Sviatopolk who had already stood in front of Yaroslav for three months drank overnight with his retinue. Sсholars tend to believe that Sviatopolk`s Christian name was Peter: images of St. Peter were stamped on his silver coins. Based on this a hypothesis is made that on the eve of the battle Sviatopolk celebrated his saint`s day: the memorial date of st. Peter of Alexandria falls on November 25th. Consequently, the Liubech battle itself which resulted in Yaroslav`s victory took place in the depth of night, before dawn, November 26th. And this very day of the victory over Kievan regime of fratricide Sviatopolk, memorable for Yaroslav, was afterwards chosen by him for the establishment of all-Russian feast of Victory, the autumnal st. George`s day.
Ethnocultural Contacts of Russians with Indigenous Peoples of the North (17th–20th Centuries): Musical and Choreographical Aspect
Authors: Podmaskin Vladimir V. ,   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The study deals with the historical and cultural ties of Russians with indigenous peoples of the North. Basing on the actualization, structure and identification of elements of traditional values, the author highlights regional features appealing to musical and choreographic creativity. Due to adoption of the civilizational approach in explaining historical reality, this direction turns out to be the most promising. The ethnic history of a people is a complex and multifaceted process. Each nation, as a rule, lives surrounded by others, with whom it enters into a wide variety of contacts, including socio-economic, political, cultural, domestic and family and marriage. There is a process of ethnic mixing, changes in anthropological types and the complication of the anthropological composition of the ethnic group, with borrowings in the economy, spiritual culture and language and certain changes occuring in the social and family way of life, etc. All this, along with other reasons, contributes to the development of the economy and the leveling of spiritual culture, shaping mentality of the ethnic group. A higher level of Russian culture, in terms of stages development, turned out to be dominant in the system of ethno-cultural communications. The paper shows that under the influence of Russian culture, musical and choreographic creativity of the indigenous peoples of the region has enriched and proved itself significantly, and has become known to many countries and peoples of the world.
Small Folklore Genres and Their Gender Specificity as a Reflection of the Ethnocultural Universals of Russians and Tuvans
Authors: Cherkashina Tatiana T. ,   A.N. Kosygin Russian State University (Technologies, Design, Art), Novikova Natalia S. , Norbu Eric O. ,   The Peoples' Friendship University of Russia,   The Tuvan State University
Published: July 2024

The paper provides an examination of the specifics of the functioning of small genres as a verbal way of representing semiotic codes of the conceptual worldview of Russians and Tuvans. The purpose of the study was to explore the place and role of small genres in the upbringing of children as a reflection of the specific ethnocultural universals of Russians and Tuvans. Russian and Tuvan folklore, such as lullabies, jokes, nursery rhymes, and detecting the place of small folklore genres in the system of ethnic cultures of Tuvans and Russians for the formation of their gender identity, determined the objectives of the study; identification of the symbolic essence of the subject symbols corresponding to the dominant rituals of the two peoples in consolidating gender differences, as well as the influence of these genres on the expansion of the linguistic picture of the child's world. The paper focuses the attention onto the research of Tuvan and Russian folklore, which absorbed the stereotypes of gender behavior and moral and cultural guidelines governing the national type of relationships between men and women, embedded in small speech genres. The authors came to the conclusion that the study of small speech genres that foster respect for national cultural values correlates with the tasks of preserving the traditional cultural traditions of two peoples — Tuvans and Russians.
INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA SOBRE CIGARROS ELETRÔNICOS PARA ADOLESCENTES: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Tavares Emille Gabriela Freitas Angelim , Brito Liz Romão de , Lima Sara Duarte Gonzalez , Mendes Marianne Louise Marinho
Published: July 2024

O tabagismo, reconhecido como um grave problema de saúde pública pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, tem suas raízes na dependência da nicotina, o que dificulta a cessação do hábito de fumar. Nos últimos anos, a indústria do tabaco, procurando contornar as medidas de controle, tem investido no desenvolvimento de novos produtos, como os Dispositivos Eletrônicos para Fumar (DEF), que incluem cigarros eletrônicos (CE), cigarros de tabaco aquecido e narguilés. Apesar da proibição da comercialização de CE no Brasil, esses produtos vêm ganhando popularidade, especialmente entre os jovens. Este trabalho relata uma intervenção educativa realizada em uma escola de Petrolina, PE, com o objetivo de conscientizar alunos do Ensino Médio sobre os riscos do uso de CE. A ação, estruturada em quatro etapas, demonstrou mudanças nas concepções dos estudantes sobre o tema, destacando o papel crucial da educação na redução do uso de CE e na promoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis entre os jovens. Recomenda-se a continuidade e ampliação de programas educativos sobre os riscos do CE nas escolas, visando construir um ambiente escolar mais saudável e uma geração mais consciente e responsável em relação à sua saúde. Além disso, sugere-se a realização de pesquisas longitudinais para avaliar os efeitos duradouros da educação em saúde na prevenção do uso do CE.
Exploring the Systematics of Cluster Decay Half-Lives in Heavy Actinides Within the Range 234 < A < 252
Authors: Joshua Tolulope Majekodunmi  , Khairul Anwar Mohamad Khazali  , Mrutunjaya Bhuyan  , Nooraihan Abdullah  , Raj Kumar  , Wasiu Akanni Yahya  , Isaiah Ochala
Published: July 2024

This study explores the cluster decay half-lives in both experimentally measured and undetected radioactive nuclei within the mass number range The investigation employs the recently proposed preformation probability formula, focusing on the systematic behaviours governing cluster emissions. Emphasis is placed on the contribution of the Q-value during both preformation and decay processes. Experimental binding energy data are used to estimate Q-values, and the cluster penetration process is discussed using the M3Y and R3Y nuclear potentials. The interaction potential between the cluster and the daughter nucleus is obtained by folding the relativistic mean-field (RMF) densities with R3Y NN potential using the NL3* parameter set and compared with the phenomenological M3Y NN potential. The penetration probabilities are calculated from the WKB approximation. The formula is found to be a useful tool for understanding cluster radioactivity in heavy actinides. The result provides valuable insights into the systematics of cluster decay half-lives, highlighting the influence of neutron magic shell closures and interaction potentials on different cluster decay properties.
Developing Theoretical Framework for Evaluation of Engineering Education in Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Zakaria Zaki Yamani , Minalla Abdelrahim , Phang Fatin Aliah
Published: July 2024

The rising challenges of engineering education facing Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are considered to be one of the main factors that have been crippling the development of the region, which is desperately needed to elevate its economy. This paper established the need for constructing a new theoretical framework for the purpose of evaluation of engineering education programs within the context of SSA countries. Therefore, combining both PST and constructivism theory, along with How People Learn (HPL) framework, Outcome-based Education (OBE) model, and Constructive Alignment (CA) model, an integrated theoretical framework capable of evaluating the situation of the SSA engineering education programs and identifying the appropriate conditions required for transformation of these programs has been developed.
Policy Constructivity and Food Security Strategies: Vulnerability Issues of Rice in Kota Belud, Sabah
Authors: Mohamad Ridzuan Mohamad Ikhram , Morshidi Azizan , Zakaria Noor Syakirah , Ramli Dollah  , Ang Kean Hua  , Mohamad Pirdaus Yusoh
Published: July 2024

The recent escalation in imported rice prices, coupled with a domestic shortfall in rice production, has significantly impacted Malaysian residents, particularly affecting the economically vulnerable B40 group which constitutes a substantial portion of the population. This scenario has contributed to a consistent increase in the cost of food items. Concurrently, the domestic scarcity of white rice is attributed to heightened demand triggered by the inflated prices of imported rice. Despite Malaysia’s 130,282 hectares dedicated to rice cultivation contributing to 40% of its total rice production, with Kota Belud, Sabah being one of the most prolific rice-producing regions spanning 7,092 hectares, the country still faces a critical vulnerability in rice and paddy supply. Notable, the area under rice cultivation in Kota Belud expanded by 1000 hectares to 9392 hectares in under three years, as of 2019. This paradox raises questions about the sufficiency of national rice supply amidst such expansion. This study aims to dissect the multifaceted factors contributing to rice supply shortages, focusing on stakeholder engagement, selection processes, and their leverage in policy-making. These elements critically affect policy space choices, alongside the feasibility and effectiveness of policy interventions. Employing qualitative methodologies, the research integrates structured interviews with key informants and the analysis of secondary data for empirical backing. Furthermore, to enrich the study's findings, questionnaires are distributed to 100 villagers in a qualitative exploration aiming for a comprehensive understanding of the issue. Preliminary findings underscore the necessity of prioritizing food security at the national level. To enhance food security concerns in Sabah and across Malaysia, the study suggests engaging the youth, enhancing road networks, developing adequate drainage and irrigation systems, and promoting a balanced cultivation of commercial and paddy crops, among other strategic interventions. These approaches are pivotal in navigating the complexities of food security and establishing a resilient rice supply chain.
Application of Chitosan as a Coagulant- A Preliminary Review
Authors: Wan Azhal Wan Nur Syazwani , Othman Siti Amira
Published: July 2024

One of the best water treatment methods is to use coagulant. Coagulation with metal salts like aluminium or iron salt are commercially use in the treatment of turbid sea water today. However, this type of coagulant might leave toxic residue in the treated water since it is made up from metal or inorganic material. Thus it might affect the health if the water is use for drinking and such else. Several studies on synthetic and organic polymer has been carried out in order to identify which polymer can works as a coagulant to replace the use of metal salts. Chitosan is natural polymer that can be used as a coagulant in the treatment of turbid sea water. Chitosan has been used at water purification system for detoxifying water. This might be due to its ability to form bond or coagulate with other particles.  It is able to absorbs greases, oil, and other potential toxins and also have relatively lowest toxicity or risk for human since it is an organic. The contamination of water can affect both physical and chemical properties of water. Thus it is essential for the sea water to be treated to remove the turbidity so that the water can be used safely. There are many methods that can be used in the water treatment but may produce different properties of treated water. Some treated water may have poor microbiological quality which is unsafe to be use or consumed by human.
Waqf –Takaful Compensation Model: The Documentation Framework Index (DFI) towards Good Governance Practices and Sustainability of Takaful Companies in Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Rahayati , Said Roshima , Abu Bakar Marina , Abdul Manan Farah Nadirah , Albasri Siti Hafsha , Ali Md Nasri
Published: July 2024

The concept of Waqf in Takaful refers to the distribution of Takaful contributor death compensation benefits to selected religious institutions for Waqf property. In this given context, the Waqf is established upon the contributor's death, and the compensation received by the Waqf beneficiary will be utilized for religious welfare until the culmination of time on the day of judgment. Therefore, this study focused on the level of implementation of the Waqf-Takaful Compensation Model toward good governance practices and sustainability of takaful companies, using a Documentation Framework Index (DFI) which was developed based on the data collected from 106 takaful agents who were involved directly throughout the introduction of Waqf-Takaful Compensation Scheme until 2022. It was found that 88% of Takaful Agency documented the percentage of the death compensation to participants by choice. Followed by 81% of Takaful Agency declared participants have the right to decide the percentage of the Waqf to be contributed to religious institutions and 79% of Takaful Agency restricted participants can only Waqf the percentage of death compensation not to an individual but to religious institutions. However, there are still some weaknesses in several elements of documentation and marketing of Waqf –Takaful Compensation Scheme by Takaful companies that needs some improvement. Therefore, the Waqf-Takaful Compensation Model, facilitated by the Documentation Framework Index, presents a forward-looking approach that aligns with Islamic principles based on waqf and Takaful compensation practices which promotes good governance, fosters sustainability, and contributes to the overall growth and positive impact of the Takaful industry in the country. However, successful implementation of the Waqf-Takaful Compensation Model requires collaborative efforts from various stakeholders, including regulators, Takaful operators, scholars, and the community. Adequate awareness, education, and buy-in are essential for the widespread adoption of this innovative model.
Texto para Discussão 2995
Authors: Matijascic Milko
Published: July 2024

Este estudo trata dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável para a educação (ODS 4) e revela quais foram as propostas de adaptação das dez metas para o Brasil, em abril e maio de 2018, e os patamares de atendimento e desempenho a serem atingidos em 2030, quando se encerra a sua vigência. O texto apresenta, ainda, os indicadores de evolução dessas metas até o período mais recente e quais os desafios que se impõem para que elas sejam alcançadas, tornando exitosas as ações levadas a cabo no contexto da Agenda 2030 das Nações Unidas, cuja vigência se iniciou em 2016.
Texto para Discussão 2996
Authors: Leão Rafael da Silveira Soares , Cunha Danúbia Rodrigues da , Santos Cláudio Hamilton Matos dos , Rabelo Rodrigo Cavalcanti
Published: July 2024

A exploração de recursos naturais no Brasil recolhe e distribui royalties aos municípios em decorrência de três atividades econômicas: exploração de petróleo e gás, mineração e uso de recursos hídricos para eletricidade. A literatura econômica investigou sobremaneira o caso do petróleo, negligenciando relativamente as demais. Este trabalho faz uma investigação geral do impacto simultâneo desses três tipos de royalties sobre as finanças públicas municipais, e detalha circunstâncias que sugerem mecanismos de endogeneidade na distribuição dos royalties. Nesse contexto, propõe uma técnica de variável instrumental que adequadamente lide com o problema. Resultados econométricos indicam que os royalties estão associados à expansão de gastos em saúde, educação e investimento público (ao menos para algumas classes de royalties), não aumentando despesas com pessoal, mas reduzem o esforço de arrecadação de tributos locais. A investigação de efeitos heterogêneos sugere que elevados volumes de royalties per capita estão por trás desses resultados.
Texto para Discussão 3006
Authors: Carvalho Marina Amaral Egydio de , Salles Marcus Maurer de
Published: July 2024

Este Texto para Discussão identifica as regras sobre compras públicas previstas no Acordo Abrangente e Progressivo para Parceria Transpacífica (Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership – CPTPP), da Parceria Econômica Regional Abrangente (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership – RCEP) e da Área de Livre Comércio Continental Africana (African Continental Free Trade Area – AfCFTA). Ademais, o trabalho compara as regras previstas nesses mega-acordos com aquelas sobre compras públicas disponíveis nos acordos celebrados pelo Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul) internamente e com parceiros externos, bem como relaciona essas regras com as previstas pela Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC).
Texto para Discussão 3007
Authors: Carvalho Marina Amaral Egydio de , Salles Marcus Maurer de
Published: July 2024

Este Texto para Discussão identifica as regras sobre comércio eletrônico previstas no Acordo Abrangente e Progressivo para Parceria Transpacífica (Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership – CPTPP), da Parceria Econômica Regional Abrangente (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership – RCEP) e da Área de Livre-Comércio Continental Africana (African Continental Free Trade Area – AfCFTA ). Ademais, o trabalho compara as regras previstas nesses mega-acordos com as regras sobre comércio eletrônico disponíveis nos acordos celebrados pelo Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul) internamente e com parceiros externos, bem como relaciona essas regras com as previstas pela Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC).
Determinants of Non-Performing Loans with External Audit as a Moderation Variable
Authors: Wiyogo Siswantoro Gunawan , Santoso Marsoem Bambang
Published: July 2024

In the early era of the pandemic, conditions for MSME financing in non-bank financial institutions experienced a decline due to the many economic impacts that occurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many MSMEs are experiencing difficulties in terms of liquidity and business capital needs, so that demand for credit from financial institutions that do not meet banks has decreased drastically. Apart from that, non-bank financial institutions also experience difficulties in providing financing due to increasingly high credit risks. The phenomena and dynamics faced by MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic are the background for this research. This research uses quantitative descriptive research. Based on the research results, it was found that the number of debtors and loan size had no effect on the NPF. There is a positive influence of BOPO, ROE on NPF. Furthermore, the KAP audit does not strengthen the influence of loan size on NPF. Meanwhile, KAP Audit strengthens the influence of BOPO, ROE, and Number of Debtors. The R square value shows 0.925, which means the influence of the independent variables together on the dependent is 92.50%.
Implementation Study of Smart Mobility and Smart Living in Commuter Line at Sudirman Station, Central Jakarta
Authors: Wulandari Anis , Sudarwani M Maria , Pare Eni Sri
Published: July 2024

The flow of urbanization continues to show an increase, this is the result of rapid economic growth. Urban problems arise along with the natural rate of population growth, such as traffic jams caused by, among other things, an increase in the number of vehicles. The smart city concept has been developed and implemented in large cities such as Jakarta. Smart mobility and smart living are two of the six parts of the smart city concept, which have now been developed as a solution to solving urban problems, one of which is the improvement and development of public transportation infrastructure in order to improve the quality of efficient and effective services. The aim of this research is to know, understand and formulate critically and objectively the application of smart mobility and smart living, which are examined from the physical and non-physical characteristics of the commuter line transportation mode. This research uses a mixed method or combination approach. Research uses two approaches, namely qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative methods are used surveys and experiments, while qualitative methods themselves are naturalistic methods. The research results have four outcomes including; optimizing intramodal and intramodal accessibility for all users including people with disabilities, realizing sustainable public transportation, integration through technology to realize less cash, efficiency and access to information, as well as public transportation that pays attention to health, cleanliness, safety and security for its users.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 DI SMA NEGERI 2 POCORANAKA KABUPATEN MANGGARAI TIMUR
Authors: NURTI YULIANA
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pembelajaran online pada masa pandemi Covid 19 di SMA Negeri 2 Pocoranaka dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan Subyek penelitian adalah guru, orangtua dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara melalui chat whatsapp dan via telepon. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pembelajaran online di SMA Negeri 2 Pocoranaka belum berjalan dengan baik diantaranya pelaksanaan program belum berjalan dengan baik karena masih banyak kendala yang dihadapi mulai dari dukungan jarigan dan peranti serta kesiapan guru yang masih kurang dan dukungan sumber daya yang masih kurang.
EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM INFORMASI KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL NEXT GENERATION GUNA MENINGKATKAN DATA TERPADU KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL (Studi kasus Desa Sirnoboyo Kecamatan Benjeng - Gresik)
Authors: OKTAVIANTO DWI , SUPRIYANTO SUPRIYANTO
Published: July 2024

Kesejahteraan sosial, merupakan kondisi terpenuhinya, suatu kebutuhan material, spiritual, dan sosial warga Negara. Tujuannya agar dapat, hidup dengan layak dan mampu, mengembangkan diri, sehingga dapat melaksanakan fungsi sosialnya dengan benar. Efektivitas merupakan suatu keadaan yang berpengaruh terhadap suatu hal yang berkesan, kemanjuran, keberhasilan usaha, tindakan ataupun hal yang berlakunya.
penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyimpulkan suatu masalah atau peristiwa yang sifatnya terbatas serta ikut memberikan gambaran obyektif dari kondisi obyek yang diteliti.    Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sumber informan ditentukan secara purpose sampling yaitu Kepala desa Sirnoboyo, BPD, Kasi Pelayanan, Kasi Kesejahteraan, Kepala Dusun dan warga masyarakat Desa Sirnoboyo dengan total 13 informan.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa efektivitas aplikasi sistem informasi  kesejahteraan sosial next generation di Desa Sirnoboyo sudah berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini bisa dilihat dalam aspek ketepatan sasaran program masyarakat  miskin sudah benar dan berjalan dengan baik sampai sekarang. Pada aspek sosialisasi program SIKS-NG, bahwa sosialisasi sudah dilaksanakan dngan baik sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan dan kemampuan pemerintahan desa yaitu dengan melakukan penyuluhan dibalai Desa, paguyuban PKK, serta kegiatan kemasyarakatan lainnya. Pada aspek tujuan program ini bahwa pemerintahan Desa Sirnoboyo berhasil melaksanakan program keejahteraan tersebut dengan baik. Sehingga masyarakat yang layak benar-benar sesuai dengan sasaran program. Selanjutnya untuk pemantauan, pemerintahan Desa Sirnoboyo bersinergi dengan BPD, Kepala Dusun dan tokoh masyarakat untuk terus melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi program kesejahteraan dengan aplikasi SIKS-NG  secara berkala. Kegiatan ini dilakukan supaya masyarakat bisa memanfaatkan bantuan yang diberikan pemerintah dengan baik dan benar.
KINERJA BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA (BPD) DALAM MENAMPUNG DAN MENYALURKAN ASPIRASI MASYARAKAT PADA PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN (Studi Kasus Desa Hulaan Kecamatan Menganti Kabupaten Gresik)
Authors: ZAHRO IKA FATIMATUS , WORO ASTUTI SRI JUNI
Published: July 2024

Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD), sebagai salah satu unsur penyelenggara Pemerintahan Desa terbentuk sebagai wahana pelaksanaan demokrasi di Desa telah menunjukkan serta mendukung perwujudan tata penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa yang baik. Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa tujuan yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan serta menganalisis Kinerja Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam menampung dan menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) Kinerja Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dalam menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat sesuai dengan Undang-undang No.6 Pasal 55 Tahun 2014. (2) Seperti halnya proses penyampaian aspirasi masyarakat yang diadakan pemilahan, karena tidak semua aspirasi mayarakat dapat diterima jika sekiranya aspirasi tersebut sulit diterima atau ditindaklanjuti. Faktor penghambat kinerja Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam menampung aspirasi masyarakat tidak ada, namun dalam pelaksanaannya terkadang terdapat kendala dari sisi dana.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN UMKM DI KAMPUNG TEMPE KELURAHAN SUKOMANUNGGAL KECAMATAN SUKOMANUNGGAL KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: SUHARSON SIPRIANUS , IKMAL NOVITA MAULIDA
Published: July 2024

Siprianus Suharson, 19031060. Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi Negara, Universitas Wijaya Putra Surabaya, Agustus 2023. Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam  Mengembangkan Umkm Di Kampung Tempe  Kelurahan Sukomanunggal Kecamatan Sukomanunggal Kota Surabaya. Komisi pembimbing Novita Maulida Ikmal, S.Pd., M.IP
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam  Mengembangkan Umkm Di Kampung Tempe  Kelurahan Sukomanunggal Kecamatan Sukomanunggal Kota Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Fokus penelitian menggunakan teori  Proses pemberdayaan masyarakat menurut Fahrudin (2012:96) yaitu Enabling, Empowerin, Protecting. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. dengan informan 6  orang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teori pemberdayaan masyarakat di  dalam  pemberdayaan umkm tempe memiliki  potensi  yang  cukup  baik  dilihat dari dimensi yang digunakan seperti  Enabling, Empowerin, Protecting. pertama dilihat dari proses enabling yaitu upaya mengembangkan dan mendorong potensi yang sudah ada melalui sosialisasi atau pelatihan. kedua dilihat dari proses emprowerin dimana pemerintah ikut berpatisipasi dalam memberikan bantuan kepada pelaku umkm tempe. ketiga protecting dilihat dari pengembangan umkm tempe dapat melibatkan perizinan. Kendala keterampilan: UMKM tempe kesulitan menemukan pekerja dengan keterampilan yang tepat untuk menghasilkan tempe berkualitas. Kurangnya pelatihan dan pendidikan formal dalam teknik pembuatan tempe dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan inovasi usaha ini.
PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCAPAIAN SDGS DI DESA SETRO KECAMATAN MENGANTI
Authors: NOVIANDITA VINOLA AURA , IKMAL NOVITA MAULIDA
Published: July 2024

Vinola Aura Noviandita, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Wijaya Putra, Surabaya, Agustus 2023, Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Sebagai Upaya Pencapaian SDGs Di Desa Setro Kecamatan Menganti. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Setro Kecamatan Menganti, Kabupaten Gresik dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga di Desa Setro, Faktor penghambat serta dampaknya terhadap pencapaian SDGs. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Deskriptif dengan pendekatan Kualitatif. Sumber data didapat melalui Data Primer dan Sekunder. Data Primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi, sedangkan Data Sekunder diperoleh melalui buku-buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan sumber berita yang relevan dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Setro masih memiliki tantangan di beberapa aspek yang dikaji menggunakan Model Implementasi George Edward III yaitu; komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Namun terlepas dari tantangan yang ada, Implementasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Setro sudah cukup baik karena sudah merujuk pada Perda yang berlaku dan berpengaruh secara positif baik bagi lingkungan maupun masyarakat.
The Foundational Blunders of Human Rights and the Naturalisation of Refugees under International Law: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Masumbe Paul S.
Published: July 2024

This paper traces the historical antecedents of the displacement of rights pertaining to the naturalisation of refugees and the foundational blunders of human rights inherent under international law. With more than 36 million recognised refugees worldwide as of 2024, the vexed question of the naturalisation of refugees is timelier than ever to revisit. Divided into seven parts from introduction to conclusion, this paper analysed why the current human rights architecture is incapable of restoring the humanity of refugees due to statist control of human rights in the guise of citizenship. It argued that despite successive human rights treaties and declarations, universal human rights within the context of naturalising refugees remain almost an empty promise. Using the doctrinal research method, it reconciled the competing conceptions of human rights with the current difficulties in the naturalisation process and makes the case for the realisation of this process as a human rights imperative.

Keywords: Naturalisation of Refugees, Human Rights, Treaty of Westphalia, Statehood, Geneva Convention, Borders.
An Examination of the Role of Parenting Techniques on the Academic Performance of Nigerian Students
Authors: Adeyeye Gbenga Michael
Published: July 2024

This study examined the impact of different parenting styles on the academic achievement of Nigerian students, filling a notable void in current research that primarily concentrates on Western settings. Data was obtained from secondary school students across various Nigerian states, representing diverse cultural, economic, and geographical origins, using a cross-sectional survey design. The results indicated that authoritative parenting, which is characterized by both warmth and structure, is highly correlated with improved academic achievements. Conversely, authoritarian and permissive parenting styles have fewer positive effects, whereas negligent parenting is more harmful. Furthermore, the study emphasized the crucial significance of parental participation in education, demonstrating that active involvement in school activities and assistance with homework is positively associated with student achievement. The research highlights the significance of socioeconomic determinants, emphasizing that greater levels of parental education and better economic position have a substantial impact on enhancing academic attainment. These observations highlight the necessity of implementing culturally customized parental education programs and policies in Nigeria to improve academic achievement. The paper recommends conducting additional longitudinal research to investigate these dynamics, with the goal of developing evidence-based measures to enhance education in Nigeria.

Keywords: Parenting, Technique, Academic Performance, School, Students.
The Optical Corrector for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
Authors: Miller Timothy N. , Doel Peter , Gutierrez Gaston , Besuner Robert , Brooks David , Gallo Giuseppe , Heetderks Henry , Jelinsky Patrick , Kent Stephen M. , Lampton Michael , Levi Michael E. , Liang Ming , Meisner Aaron , Sholl Michael J. , Silber Joseph Harry , Sprayberry David , Aguilar Jessica Nicole , de la Macorra Axel , Eisenstein Daniel , Fanning Kevin , Font-Ribera Andreu , Gaztañaga Enrique , Gontcho A Gontcho Satya , Honscheid Klaus , Jimenez Jorge , Joyce Dick , Kehoe Robert , Kisner Theodore , Kremin Anthony , Landriau Martin , Le Guillou Laurent , Magneville Christophe , Martini Paul , Miquel Ramon , Moustakas John , Nie Jundan , Percival Will , Poppett Claire , Prada Francisco , Rossi Graziano , Schlegel David , Schubnell Michael , Seo Hee-Jong , Sharples Ray , Tarlé Gregory , Vargas-Magaña Mariana , Zhou Zhimin ,   the DESI Collaboration
Published: July 2024

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is currently measuring the spectra of 40 million galaxies and quasars, the largest such survey ever made to probe the nature of cosmological dark energy. The 4 m Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory has been adapted for DESI, including the construction of a 3.°2 diameter prime focus corrector that focuses astronomical light onto a 0.8 m diameter focal surface with excellent image quality over the DESI bandpass of 360–980 nm. The wide-field corrector includes six lenses, as large as 1.1 m in diameter and as heavy as 237 kilograms, including two counterrotating wedged lenses that correct for atmospheric dispersion over zenith angles from 0° to 60°. The lenses, cells, and barrel assembly all meet precise alignment tolerances on the order of tens of microns. The barrel alignment is maintained throughout a range of observing angles and temperature excursions in the Mayall dome by use of a hexapod, which is itself supported by a new cage, ring, and truss structure. In this paper we describe the design, fabrication, and performance of the new corrector and associated structure, focusing on how they meet DESI requirements. In particular, we describe the prescription and specifications of the lenses, design choices and error budgeting of the barrel assembly, stray light mitigations, and integration and test at the Mayall telescope. We conclude with some validation highlights that demonstrate the successful corrector on-sky performance, and we list some lessons learned during the multiyear fabrication phase.
A NuSTAR Census of the X-Ray Binary Population of the M31 Disk
Authors: Moon Hannah , Wik Daniel R. , Antoniou V. , Eracleous M. , Hornschemeier Ann E. , Lazzarini Margaret , Lehmer Bret D. , Vulic Neven , Williams Benjamin F. , Maccarone T. J. , Pottschmidt K. , Ptak Andrew , Yukita Mihoko , Zezas Andreas
Published: July 2024

Using hard (E > 10 keV) X-ray observations with NuSTAR, we are able to differentiate between the accretion states, and thus compact object types, of neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs) in X-ray binaries (XRBs) in M31, our nearest Milky Way–type neighbor. Using 10 moderate-depth (20–50 ks) observations of the disk of M31 covering a total of ∼0.45 deg2, we detect 20 sources at 2σ in the 4–25 keV bandpass, 14 of which we consider to be XRB candidates. This complements an existing, deeper (100–400 ks) survey covering ∼0.2 deg2 of the bulge and the northeastern disk. We make tentative classifications of nine of these sources with the use of diagnostic color–intensity and color–color diagrams, which separate sources into various NS and BH regimes, identifying three BHs and six NSs. In addition, we create X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) for both the full (4–25 keV) and hard (12–25 keV) bands, as well as subpopulations of the full band based on compact object type and association with globular clusters. Our best-fit globular cluster XLF is shallower than the field XLF, and preliminary BH and NS XLFs suggest a difference in shape based on compact object type. We find that the cumulative disk XLFs in the full and hard band are best fit by power laws with indices of 1.32 and 1.28, respectively. This is consistent with models of the Milky Way XLF from Grimm et al., Voss & Ajello, and Doroshenko et al.
A Robust Light-curve Diagnostic for Electron-capture Supernovae and Low-mass Fe-core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Sato Masato , Tominaga Nozomu , Blinnikov Sergei I. , Potashov Marat Sh. , Moriya Takashi J. , Hiramatsu Daichi
Published: July 2024

Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are the terminal explosions of massive stars. While most massive stars explode as iron-core-collapse supernovae (FeCCSNe), slightly less massive stars explode as electron-capture supernovae (ECSNe), shaping the low-mass end of CCSNe. ECSNe were proposed ∼40 yr ago and first-principles simulations also predict their successful explosions. Observational identification and investigation of ECSNe are important for the completion of stellar evolution theory. To date, only one promising candidate has been proposed, SN 2018zd, other than the historical progenitor of the Crab Nebula, SN 1054. We present representative synthetic light curves of low-mass FeCCSNe and ECSNe, i.e., with theoretically or observationally plausible explosion energies and distributions of circumstellar media (CSM). The ECSNe have shorter, brighter, and bluer plateaus than the FeCCSNe. To investigate the robustness of their intrinsic differences, we also calculated light curves of ECSNe and low-mass FeCCSNe adopting various explosion energies and CSM. Although they may have similar bolometric light-curve plateaus, ECSNe are bluer than FeCCSNe in the absence of strong CSM interaction, illustrating that multicolor observations are essential to identify ECSNe. This provides a robust indicator of ECSNe because the bluer plateaus stem from the low-density envelopes of their super-asymptotic-giant-branch progenitors. We propose a distance-independent method to identify ECSNe:

g
−
r

t

PT

/

2

<
0.008
×

t

PT

−
0.4

, i.e., blue g – r at the middle of the plateau

(
g
−
r
)

t

PT

/

2

, where t
PT is the transition epoch from plateau to tail. Using this method, we identified SN 2018zd as an ECSN, which we believe to be the first ECSN identified with modern observing techniques.