bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structuring and Development of Poultry Sectors in Algeria: Limits of Modernization Policies: The Case of the “Turkey” Sector (2000-2020)
Authors: Ali Ferrah , Hacène Ikhlef , Mohamed Benidir
Published: June 2024

Background: The Algerian poultry industry has had the biggest growth in the country. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the modernization of the poultry industry, driven by the policies pertaining to poultry that Algeria enacted between 2000 and 2020, did not result in the creation of governance structures that were in line with the demands of improving the performance of these industries. This theory is supported by the “Turkey” sector example. Methods: In order to explain Algeria’s poor governance of the poultry industry, the new institutional economy (NIE) invests within the framework of the “Sector” approach. The 1,288 units of turkey farms dispersed among 38 wilayas, or 80% of all the wilayats in the nation representing all possible production regions, were the subject of surveys conducted on turkey farms between 2015 and 2017. Result: The “atomized” breeding structures, the importance of “independent” breeding, the lack of economies of scale, the low level of development of integrated production and the absence of hybrid institutional arrangements are what set the “Turkey” sector apart, according to an analysis of its organizational structures. All of these things contribute to high production and transaction costs. Nonetheless, the “turkey” sector’s lack of coordination mechanisms continues to be a serious problem that causes abrupt changes and volatility in producer pricing, which in turn causes cyclical crises. These crises are a source of uncertainty and dangerous hazards, especially for small farms.
Improving the Growth and Productivity of Two Varieties of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) by using Different Cultivation Methods and Dates
Authors: Ali M.A. , Khaleel A.T. , Khaleel S.T.
Published: June 2024

Background: Mung bean is characterized by its ability to withstand water scarcity due to its short life span, so it can be introduced into agricultural rotation systems and despite especially when there is a lack of humidity and contemporary environmental changes. Despite the importance of this crop, its productivity rate in Iraq is still low compared to global production. The dates and methods of cultivation of the mungbean crop must be determined accurately to suit the specifications of local varieties adapted to the changing environmental conditions. Methods: The field study was applied in two fields: the first in Nineveh Governorate and the second in Erbil Governorate / Republic of Iraq. Three factors included, first: two varieties of local mung bean (black and green), second: different cultivation methods (furrow and lines) and the third: planting dates (May 15, June 15 and July 15). The study was designed as a factor experiment a design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates. Result: The first variety superior significantly in the two sites with the qualities of plant height, leaf area, leaf area index, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index. From the results of the dates, we note a significant superiority of the first date number of seeds.pod-1 while the third date significantly outperformed the germination percentage for the two sites. First planting method significant superiority in most of the studied characterists and for the two research sites. Significant superiority was recorded for the interactions of research factors and their levels.
Targeting in Protracted Crises: Nigeria Case Study
Authors: Merttens Fred , Hodey Louis , Doyle Alexandra
Published: June 2024

This country case study focuses on Nigeria and the specific challenge of conflict, violence, and insecurity. Using four waves of General Household Survey data covering the period 2010 to 2019, we analyse trends in poverty, food insecurity, shocks, and coping strategies among different population groups, differentiated according to where they reside in the country and the degree to which those areas are affected by violence, in particular as a result of the militant Islamist Boko Haram insurgency and conflicts between herders and farmers. The survey data is then used to model the notional performance of different potential targeting approaches across a range of targeting performance indicators, to indicate the types of choices and trade-offs entailed when selecting different targeting criteria for either routine or humanitarian social assistance programmes in the context of Nigeria. We also consider the status of enabling conditions for implementing different targeting approaches in the form of key infrastructure. We conclude with a discussion of the interrelated considerations social assistance programmes have to contend with when selecting appropriate targeting criteria.
DESKRIPSI BERPIKIR MATEMATIS SISWA PADA PENYELESAIAN MASALAH AKM NUMERASI DITINJAU BERDASARKAN LEVEL KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL [DESCRIPTION OF STUDENTS' MATHEMATICAL THINKING IN SOLVING AKM NUMERACY PROBLEMS BASED ON EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE LEVELS]
Authors: Nuratiqoh Nuratiqoh , Hidayanto Erry , Chandra Tjang Daniel
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe how students' mathematical thinking processes unfold when addressing AKM Numeracy problems based on Mason's theory, taking into account emotional intelligence. This research is descriptive in nature with a qualitative approach. The research subjects consist of students categorized into high, moderate, and low levels of emotional intelligence. Research instruments include emotional intelligence questionnaires, AKM numeracy problem sheets, and interview guides. The research findings indicate that students with high levels of emotional intelligence are capable of fulfilling the three stages of mathematical thinking processes in problem-solving, namely entry, attack, and review. However, they have not fully met the extend aspect in the review stage. Students with moderate emotional intelligence can fulfill all aspects in the entry and attack stages but have not met the check and extend aspects in the review stage. Meanwhile, students with low emotional intelligence can only fulfill the know aspect in the entry stage, the try aspect in the attack stage, and the reflect aspect in the review stage.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana proses berpikir matematis siswa ketika mengatasi masalah AKM Numerasi berdasarkan teori Mason ditinjau dari kecerdasan emosional. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian yang dipilih yaitu siswa yang memiliki level kecerdasan emosional tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Instrumen penelitian mencakup lembar angket kecerdasan emosional, lembar soal AKM numerasi, dan panduan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa siswa dengan tingkat kecerdasan emosional tinggi mampu memenuhi tiga tahap proses berpikir matematis dalam memecahkan masalah, yaitu tahap entry, attack, dan review. Meskipun demikian, siswa dengan kecerdasan emosional tinggi belum sepenuhnya memenuhi aspek extend pada tahap review. Siswa dengan kecerdasan emosional sedang dapat memenuhi semua aspek pada tahap entry dan attack tetapi tidak dapat memenuhi aspek check dan extend pada tahap review. Siswa dengan kecerdasan emosional rendah hanya dapat memenuhi aspek know pada tahap entry, aspek try pada tahap attack, dan aspek reflect pada tahap review.
The use of dimethyl ether (DME) solution in compression ignition engine
Authors: Smolec Rafał , Karpiuk Wojciech , Bajerlein Maciej , Waligórski Marek , Kril Paweł
Published: June 2024

The development of compression ignition combustion engines is focused on meeting many challenges, mainly related to growing ecological requirements. Currently, however, due to technological barriers, meeting them is very difficult and requires the use of additional exhaust gas treatment systems. The use of injection of a diesel and gas solution seems to be very promising. The article presents the results of engine tests involving the use of a solution of diesel fuel and dimethyl ether. The tests were performed on a single-cylinder research engine equipped with a common rail fuel system. The obtained results suggest that the use of the solution has a positive effect on the process of creating the fuel-air mixture, resulting in a reduction in the concentration of HC and CO, while increasing the share of NOx, suggesting an improvement in the combustion process, as evidenced by the limiting injection dose.
El principio de igualdad retributiva por razón de género tras la aprobación de la Directiva (UE) 2023/970. La evolución de la noción de retribución
Authors: Rodríguez Romero  Rosa María
Published: June 2024

El principio comunitario de igualdad retributiva por razón de género es un instrumento para la erradicación de la discriminación salarial en la Unión Europea con un amplio recorrido jurídico. Así, y pese a los múltiples intentos para atajar dicha problemática, la brecha retributiva entre hombres y mujeres persiste, entre otros aspectos, por las carencias existentes en el marco normativo. Siendo ello así, recientemente se ha aprobado la Directiva (UE) 2023/970 con el objetivo de contribuir a la eliminación de la discriminación directa e indirecta por razón de sexo en el conjunto de los elementos que integran la retribución mediante la aclaración de determinados conceptos (“trabajo de igual valor”) y el establecimiento de procedimientos de transparencia retributiva y mecanismos para su consecución. Nos encontramos ante la primera norma que aborda exclusivamente la brecha retributiva de género en el seno de la UE y que trata de abordar la imperiosa necesidad de garantizar la igualdad de trato, también en materia retributiva.
El objetivo de este estudio es ofrecer un análisis sobre el principio de igualdad retributiva y, más específicamente, sobre la noción de retribución tras la aprobación de la mencionada directiva desde una perspectiva estrictamente jurídica. Para ello, en primer lugar, se explicará el principio de igualdad retributiva y su desarrollo normativo en todos los ámbitos (internacional, comunitario y nacional). En segundo lugar, y focalizándonos en la noción de retribución, habrá que completar el estudio con los pronunciamientos del TJUE, que aclaran qué aspectos constituyen retribución, además de incluir las novedades aprobadas por la Directiva (UE) 2023/970. Teniendo esto en cuenta, se plantearán los interrogantes que se suscitan, así como las conclusiones que puedan extraerse de dicho análisis.
“Unidad Familiar” y acceso a la RAI. Enjuiciamiento con perspectivas de género y discapacidad. A propósito de la Sentencias del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Canarias de 24 de abril de 2024 (Recursos 2194/2022) y su voto particular
Authors: Poyatos i Matas Glòria
Published: June 2024

Sentencia que analiza el concepto de “unidad familiar” y sus integrantes, a efectos del cumplimiento del requisito de rentas exigido por el art. 2.1 d) del RD 1369/2006 , para acceder a la Renta Activa de Inserción (RAI), concluyendo, tras una interpretación literal y teleológica del precepto, que no puede incluirse a la hermana discapacitada física, psíquica y sensorialmente (74%) que convive con la solicitante. Se omite llegar a otra solución, mediante una interpretación con perspectiva de género, porque resultaría creadora no integradora y ello le corresponde al legislador.
El Voto particular divergente, poniendo de relieve la jurisprudencia humanizadora, y aplicando la perspectiva de género y discapacidad, así como el principio internacional de diligencia debida (art. 9.2 CE), llega a otra convicción, destacando que la solicitante tiene la obligación legal de prestar cuidados y alimentos a su hermana discapacitada
Accuracy of the integrated electronic apex locator in locating simulated perforation under various irrigating solutions in an in vitro study
Authors: Joshi Chintan , Joshi Surabhi , Desai Urooj , Thumar Sweety , Patel Aashray , Khunt Ankita
Published: June 2024

Aim: This study’s objective was to assess the accuracy of the integrated apex locator in identifying artificial root canal perforations in the presence of saline, chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite, QMix, and MTAD. Methods: The root canals of 60 single-rooted extracted human teeth were perforated artificially at a point 10 mm away from the root apex. After measuring the actual lengths up to the perforation point, the teeth were then put within an alginate mould for measurements using an integrated apex locator. Using a #20 K-file in the presence of NaCl, CHX, MTAD, NaOCl, and QMix, an electronic apex locator was used to measure the perforations electronically in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Between the measurements, each canal was dried with paper points after being irrigated with distilled water. The accuracy of all the readings was calculated at ± 0.5 mm. Statistical analyses were performed using the Z-test. Results: In comparison to the MTAD, NaOCl, and Qmix, saline and chlorhexidine scored more readings in the ± 0.5 mm range of the perforation site, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The most precise electronic measurements of artificial perforation were obtained in the presence of chlorhexidine or saline.
Histomorphometric comparison of two different preclinical models to evaluate the bone repair in grafted areas
Authors: Lima Julia Raulino , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira , Pereira Lucas de Souza Goulart , Rodríguez Perdomo Leidys , Pigossi Suzane Cristina , Oliveira Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de
Published: June 2024

Aim: This study was performed to compare two different rat defect models (critical calvaria defects versus guided bone regeneration in the mandibular ramus) used to evaluate bone repair in grafted areas. Methods: A total of 12 rats were allocated in two groups according the experimental model used to evaluate the bone repair in grafted areas: a critical sized-calvaria defect of 5 mm filled with bone graft (n=6) and a mandibular ramus filled with the bone graft associated with a Teflon dome-shaped membrane (n=6). Both groups were grafted with deproteinized bovine bone graft. After 60 days, the animals were euthanized and the samples obtained were submitted to histomorphometry analysis to evaluate the relative amount of bone, remaining bone substitute, and soft tissue within the grafted areas. Results: No differences were observed between the preclinical models evaluated in relation to the amount of bone tissue formation (19.93 ± 4.55% in calvaria vs. 21.00 ± 8.20% in mandible). However, there was a smaller amount of soft tissue (43.20 ± 10.97% vs. 57.79 ± 7.61 %; p<0.01) and a greater amount of bone substitute remaining (35.80 ± 5.52% vs. 22.28 ± 4.36 %; p<0.05) in the grafted areas in the mandible compared to calvaria defect. Conclusion: Preclinical models for the analysis of bone repair in grafted areas in the mandible and critical sized-calvaria defects showed different responses in relation to the amount of soft tissue and bone substitute remnants.
O lúdico na iniciação esportiva
Authors: Gaio Roberta
Published: June 2024

O estudo se caracteriza como um relato de experiência, baseado na metodologia denominada de Ginástica Rítmica Popular, resultado de um projeto extensionista de mesmo nome, fruto da parceria entre a Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba/SP e a Prefeitura Municipal da mesma cidade, a partir de 1989. O objetivo é apresentar uma experiência exitosa de iniciação esportiva de ginástica rítmica (GR), tendo os jogos e brincadeiras tradicionais e outras como recursos pedagógicos. Partindo das características da modalidade, princípios pedagógicos foram construídos, tendo o lúdico como referencial para a aquisição dos fundamentos da modalidade gímnica em questão. A metodologia baseada no brincar, experimentar e aprender é a proposta para o desenvolvimento da GR na escola ou fora dela, porém na educação física escolar não há a pretensão de se promover a iniciação esportiva, mas sim fomentá-la como conteúdo cultural. Já em outros espaços, o lúdico não elimina o técnico e a evolução de crianças na modalidade pode acontecer, pelo viés dos elementos culturais infantis, como recurso pedagógico.
Nasal septum deviasyonu olan kişilerin bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntülerinde sinus maxillaris hacminin hesaplanması ve cinsiyet ile ilişkisi
Authors: Sarıyıldız Behiye , Akdoğan Ilgaz , Kızılay Ömer Can , Sakallı Gizem
Published: June 2024

Paranasal sinuslerin en büyüğü olan sinus maxillaris (SM) yüzde pek çok anatomik yapı ile komşuluk yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nasal septum deviasyonu (NSD) olan olgularda SM morfometrik olarak değerlendirerek, NSD ile ilişkisi olup olmadığını saptamak ve SM hacminin cinsiyet ile ilişkisini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi’nde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, 150 kişiye (deviasyonu olanlar 90 kişi, deviasyonu olmayanlar 60 kişi) ait paranasal sinus BT görüntülerinde SM yüksekliği, genişliği ve derinliği ölçüldü. Elde edilen ölçümler eliptik formülde kullanılarak SM hacim hesaplaması yapıldı. NSD olan kişilerde deviasyon yönü değerlendirilip, deviasyon açısı ve deviasyon şiddeti hesaplandı. SM hacmi sağ tarafta 16,88±5,69 cm3, sol tarafta 17,07±5,52 cm3 olarak ölçüldü. Olguların %30’unda sağ septum deviasyonu, %30’unda sol septum deviasyonu saptandı, %40’ında ise deviasyon saptanmadı. Septum deviasyonu olanların %49’unda hafif, %51’inde orta şiddette deviasyon belirlendi. SM hacmi ile septum deviasyonu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardı. SM’i tüm ölçümlerinde erkekler ve kadınlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardı. Diskriminant analizinde cinsiyetlere göre ayrımda en belirgin değişkenin SM yüksekliği olduğu görüldü. Cinsiyet değerlendirmesi kadınlarda %74,4, erkeklerde ise %65,3 doğruluk oranıyla belirlendi. Çalışmanın sonucunda nasal septum’un deviasyon yönünü SM hacmine etki etmediği saptanmıştır. Tüm ölçümlerde erkeklerde daha yüksek değerler elde edilmiş olup, bulgularımız SM’in morfometrik özellikleri açısından cinsel dimorfizminin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. SM hacim bulgularının klinikte yararlı olacağını ve cinsiyet tayini sürecinde adli tıpta yardımcı olarak kullanılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
The Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) Activator CDN1163 Exerts Complex Time-Dependent and SERCA Isoform-Specific Effects on T Lymphocyte Ca2+ Store Functions
Authors: Uddin Md Nasim , Thomas David W.
Published: June 2024

The allosteric SERCA (Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) activator CDN1163 has been recently added to the group of pharmacological tools for probing SERCA function. We chose to investigate the effects of the compound on T lymphocyte Ca2+ stores, using the well-described Jurkat T lymphocyte as a reliable cell system for Ca2+ signaling pathways. Our study identified the lowest concentrations of the SERCA inhibitors thapsigargin (TG) and 2,5-di-(tert butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (tBHQ) capable of releasing Ca2+, permitting the differentiation of the TG-sensitive SERCA 2b Ca2+ store from the tBHQ-sensitive SERCA 3 Ca2+ store. We proceeded to test the effects of CDN1163 on Ca2+ stores, examining specific actions on the SERCA 2b and SERCA 3 Ca2+ pools using our low dose SERCA blocker regimen. In contrast to previous work, we find CDN1163 exerts complex time-sensitive and SERCA isoform-specific actions on Ca2+ stores. Surprisingly, short-term exposure (0-30 minutes) to CDN1163 perturbs T cell Ca2+ stores by suppressing Ca2+ uptake with diminished Ca2+ release from the SERCA 2b-controlled store. Concomitantly, we find evidence for a SERCA-activating effect of CDN1163 on the SERCA 3 regulated store, given the observation of increased Ca2+ release inducible by low dose tBHQ. Intriguingly, longer-term (>12 hours) CDN1163 exposure reversed this pattern, with increased Ca2+ release from SERCA 2b-regulated pools, yet decreased Ca2+ release responses from tBHQ-sensitive SERCA 3 pool. Our results reveal differential effects of CDN1163 on Ca2+ stores regulated by distinct SERCA isoforms, prompting the need for careful interpretation of the compound’s effects, particularly in cells expressing multiple SERCA isoforms.
A Novel Sampling Method for Collecting the Polyp Stage of the Invasive Freshwater Hydrozoan Craspedacusta sowerbii in Aquatic Habitats
Authors: Zhu Jonathan A. , Folino-Rorem Nadine C.
Published: June 2024

Current sampling methods for detecting the presence of the invasive freshwater hydrozoan Craspedacusta sowerbii rely mainly on visual confirmation of the medusa stage. Confirming the presence of the polyp stage is equally important to observing medusae since typical late summer/early fall occurrences or observations of medusae are sporadic though becoming more frequent. The polyp stage is important as it is the organism’s primary stage and is present throughout the year depending on water temperatures. Therefore, sampling methods for the polyp stage are commonly the collection of substrates such as rocks, plants or pieces of wood in a given body of water and can be cumbersome to examine. Based on preliminary culturing of the polyp stage on glass and plastic microscope slides in the lab, we designed a novel sampling methodology based on submerging 4 substrate types (small glass petri dishes, Hester-Dendy plates, plastic and glass microscope slides) to confirm the presence of C. sowerbii polyps in the field. We tested this method in various lakes in the Illinois-Indiana region (USA). The sampling method we designed was effective in that C. sowerbii polyps (and sometimes colonies) were found on both plastic and glass slides. While this method can be sufficient for detection of the polyp stage, it also shows significant potential for improvement; we highlight water flow and competition and predation from other organisms as significant factors influencing the collection of C. sowerbii polyps for future methodologies.
Conventional and Advanced Treatment Technologies for Microplastics in Water Treatment Facilities
Authors: Ajao Adewale
Published: June 2024

Researchers are increasingly concerned about microplastics (MPs) since they have proven to be detrimental to the environment and humans. They not only contribute to the accumulation of plastics in the environment, but they can also help spread micropollutants through absorption. MPs have entered the environment through a variety of channels, including direct discharge through human activities, the textile industry, and wastewater treatment systems. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are seen as the final line of defense, forming a barrier between MPs and the environment. The most common MPs found in wastewater are polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene. The purpose of this study is to investigate and measure the efficacy of conventional and advanced technologies in removing microplastic. The fate of MPs in WWTPs and their impact on various wastewater treatment processes will be thoroughly examined. Both conventional and advanced methods of treatment will be discussed. Conventional methods include coagulation/flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration. Advanced treatment methods that will be discussed include membrane bioreactors, rapid sand filtration, electrocoagulation, and photocatalytic degradation. Despite the high removal of MPs, WWTPs remain an important entry point into aquatic and terrestrial systems due to the large volumes involved and the quantity of sludge reused through land application. Also, the complex interactions between MPs and other environmental pollutants may broaden MPs' effects on wastewater treatment processes, which have yet to be fully researched. Furthermore, potential issues with MP removal from treatment procedures and microplastic remediation techniques in drinking water was discussed.
Off-Design Analysis of Power-to-Gas System Based on Solid Oxide Electrolysis with Nominal Power of 25 kW
Authors: Kozinski Grzegorz , Milewski Jarosław , Kupecki Jakub
Published: June 2024

The increasing deployment of intermittent renewable energy sources necessitates effective methods for balancing the electrical grid to ensure stability and safety. Energy storage systems that can store excess electrical power during periods of low demand and release it during high demand are crucial for both short-term and long-term applications. Power-to-Gas is an innovative energy storage solution that converts surplus renewable electricity into gas fuels, such as hydrogen, which can be stored and used later. This hydrogen can serve multiple purposes, including energy storage and as fuel for transportation modes like cars, trams, trains, and buses. While most hydrogen today is derived from fossil fuels, solid-oxide electrolysis (SOE) offers a cleaner alternative by producing hydrogen without harmful emissions. SOE is also the most efficient method of electrolysis. This study aims to determine the operational parameters for an SOE system, including lower heating value (LHV)-based efficiency and total input power, using a mathematical model. Results are presented for three different operating temperatures and four different steam utilization ratios. The paper is structured as follows: the introduction provides the context and motivation for the study; the second section outlines the fundamentals of electrolysis and its various types; the third section delves into solid-oxide electrolysis and electrolyser systems; the fourth section describes the methodology, including the mathematical formulation and simulation software used; the fifth section presents the calculation results and conclusions; and the final section summarizes the findings.
Study on the High-spin Level Structure of 192Tl
Authors: Shen Shuifa , He Chuangye
Published: June 2024

High-spin states of 192Tl are populated by the heavy ion fusion-evaporation reaction 181Ta(16O, 5n)192Tl at 97 MeV beam energy. A new level scheme with eight new levels is constructed and the level spins are tentatively assigned. The negative-parity yrast band is extended up to 23^{-}\hbar. Subsequently, the systematics of signature splitting and signature inversion are discussed for the negative-parity yrast band of odd-odd Tl isotopes including 192Tl, 194Tl, 196Tl, and 198Tl. With the increase of neutron number signature inversion is found in 196,198Tl at high-spin state in these four Tl isotopes. The reason may be due to the competition between neutron-proton interaction and Coriolis force.
Early Signs of Swamp Building Collapse: Failure of Wood Pillar Foundation
Authors: Agusniansyah Nursyarif
Published: June 2024

The construction of a house with a stage structure is the uniqueness of Banjarmasin's swampland. Particularly, foundations for swampy terrain necessitate special handling. Building material defects and the basic inability to modify the use and design of wood pillar foundations are the main causes of house building problems. The very limited capacity of a wooden pillar foundation makes house buildings collapse frequently. The aim of the study is to determine the weaknesses of the wooden pillar foundations by examining the indications of damage to the house structure. Field observation investigations, including housing and individual object observations, will be carried out at multiple construction sites in Banjarmasin (Indonesia) as part of this study. The way the data is presented is descriptive. A wooden pillar foundation, which is a frequently used foundation, has a limited load bearing capacity. Because that, there has been no related research that addresses the issue of how this foundation damage. The aim of the study is to determine the early signs of swamp building collapse in the wooden pillar foundations weaknesses by examining the indications of damage to the house structure. The weak construction of a wooden pillar foundation explains some indications of house building damage, such as broken wooden pillars and floor settlement. The existence of evidence that there is a broken 'sunduk’ element is one of the causes of damage to this foundation
Improving Student Participation in a Literature Class through Literature Circles
Authors: GENELZA GENESIS
Published: June 2024

Literature circles create an interactive and participatory learning atmosphere that greatly increases student participation in the classroom. Through literature circles, students can exchange ideas and gain knowledge from one another in a nurturing learning atmosphere. Students feel more at ease taking chances and voicing their opinions in the classroom when there is a strong sense of community among the students. This research study used a narrative literature review as a qualitative method. Relevant literature in this review showed that literature circles can increase students' reading passion and enthusiasm. Students are more likely to be engaged when they can select their own reading materials and facilitate discussions. Thus, by implementing literature circles, teachers may create a more engaging and encouraging learning environment in the classroom, which will ultimately improve student performance and foster a deeper understanding of literature.
Osteopathic Students Have Decreased Match Rates in Orthopaedic Surgery Compared with Allopathic Students
Authors: Modica Anthony , Ranson Rachel , Williamson Tyler , Ponce Brent A. , Cohn Randy M. , Bitterman Adam D.
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Orthopaedic surgery continues to be one of the most competitive specialties to match into as a medical student, particularly for osteopathic medical students. Therefore, in this study, we sought to examine the prevalence of osteopathic students (DO) matching into orthopaedic surgery at traditional Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited programs (former allopathic residency programs) in recent years.

Methods:

A retrospective review of National Residency Match Program annual reports and Association of American Medical Colleges's Electronic Residency Application Service Statistic reports were performed to determine the number of applications and match rates among osteopathic (DO) and allopathic (MD) medical students into orthopaedic surgery from 2019 to 2023. Data on the degree type of current residents at all ACGME-accredited residency programs were identified.

Results:

During the analyzed study period of 2019 to 2023, there were 3,473 (74.5%) allopathic students and 571 (59.9%) osteopathic students who successfully matched into orthopaedic surgery. This match rate for allopathic students was 74.5% compared with 59.9% for osteopathic students. Of the 3,506 medical students who hold postgraduate orthopaedic surgery positions at former allopathic programs over the past 5 years, only 58 (1.7%) hold an osteopathic degree. Of the 560 medical students who hold postgraduate orthopaedic surgery positions at former osteopathic programs over the past 5 years, 47 (8.4%) hold an allopathic degree. The match rate of allopathic students at former osteopathic programs is significantly higher than the match rate of osteopathic students at former allopathic programs.

Conclusions:

Osteopathic students continue to match into orthopaedic surgery at lower rates than their allopathic counterparts. In addition, there remains a consistent and low number of osteopathic students matching into former allopathic programs. Allopathic students also have a higher likelihood of matching into former osteopathic programs when compared with osteopathic students matching into previous allopathic orthopaedic surgery programs.
Social Media Promotions and Reviews Drive Online Shopping in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Elda Premesta , Indayani Lilik , Abadiyah Rifdah
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the effects of social media promotions, prices, and product reviews on purchasing decisions for online shopping through Shopee in Sidoarjo. Using a quantitative approach, data from 96 respondents was collected via a Google Forms questionnaire. Analysis through SPSS version 26 revealed that social media promotions and product reviews significantly influence purchasing decisions, while price does not. These findings suggest that Shopee should focus on enhancing social media promotions and product reviews to boost consumer interest. Future research should explore additional factors to provide a more comprehensive understanding of online purchasing decisions.
Highlight:
 

Social media promotions significantly influence purchasing decisions on Shopee.
Product reviews have a notable impact on consumer buying choices.
Price does not significantly affect purchasing decisions for Shopee users.

 
Keywoard: Social media promotions, Product reviews, Online shopping, Purchasing decisions, Shopee
Topical Ophthalmic Anesthetics for Corneal Abrasions: Findings from a Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kuo Irene , Leslie Louis , Liu Su-Hsun
Published: June 2024

Background Despite potential benefit, outpatient use of topical ophthalmic anesthetics can result in poor healing, infection, scar, and blindness. An unbiased analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is needed to examine their effectiveness and safety compared with placebo or other treatments for corneal abrasions.Methods Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase.com, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched on February 10, 2023, without restriction on language or publication date.Results Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine RCTs describing 314 participants with post-traumatic abrasions and 242 participants with post-surgical abrasions, with a median study length of 7 days (interquartile range, 7–14), show no evidence of a difference in pain control between anesthetics and placebo at 24 hours in post-trauma cases. Self-reported pain at 24 hours is reduced with anesthetics plus topical nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug in post-surgical participants (mean difference [MD], -5.72 on a 10-point scale; 95% CI, -7.35 to -4.09; 1 RCT; 30 participants) and at 48 hours with anesthetics alone in post-trauma participants (MD, -5.68; 95% CI, -6.38 to -4.98; 1 RCT; 111 participants). Anesthetics are associated with 37% increased risk of non-healing defects (risk ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.78 to 2.42; 3 RCTs; 221 post-trauma participants). All evidence is of very low certainty. Over 50% of trials have an overall high risk of bias.Conclusions Available evidence is insufficient to support outpatient use of topical anesthetics for corneal abrasions with respect to pain, re-epithelialization, and complication risk.
Arginine Methylation-dependent TRIM47 Stability Mediated by CARM1 Promotes the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hu Jia , Tang Yuzhe , Meng Xiang , Luo Xia , Yao Wen Tao , Tian Li , Zhang Zijian , Zhao Yuan , Zhu Haichuan , Xiao Juan
Published: June 2024

The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family has been shown to play important roles in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the biological functions of TRIM47 and its regulatory mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unexplored. Here, we showed that TRIM47 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, especially at advanced stages, and associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Functional studies demonstrated that TRIM47 enhanced the migration and invasion ability of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TRIM47 promotes HCC metastasis through interacting with SNAI1 and inhibiting its degradation by proteasome. Moreover, TRIM47 was di-methylated by CARM1 at its arginine 210 (R210) and arginine 582 (R582), which protected TRIM47 from the ubiquitination and degradation mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CRL4CRBN. Collectively, our study reveals a pro-metastasis role of TRIM47 in HCC, unveils a unique mechanism controlling TRIM47 stability by CARM1 mediated arginine methylation, and highlights the role of the CARM1-CRL4CRBN-TRIM47-SNAI1 axis in HCC metastasis. This work may provide potential therapeutic targets for metastatic HCC treatment.
The effect of yttrium oxide nanoparticles on memory, inflammatory responses and mitochondrial biogenesis in cholestatic male Wistar rats
Authors: Khaledi Sara , Amiri Zeynab , Esfahani Delaram Eslimi , Dargahi Leila , Beirami Elmira
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Cholestasis can lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ultimately causes cognitive damage, such as memory malfunctions. Considering their anti-inflammatory and protective effects, nanoparticles may be effective for the treatment of neurological disorders or for transferring medications through the blood-brain barrier. This study investigated the protective effect of yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y2O3NPs) on cognitive disorders, inflammatory response and mitochondrial biogenesis caused by cholestasis in rat hippocampus.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control, sham, vehicle, cholestasis, and three groups of cholestatic rats, which received doses of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/kg Y2O3NPs, respectively for 21 days. The Morris water maze, passive avoidance, and elevated plus maze tests were used to assess the learning and memory of the rats. The expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM) and pro-inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) were evaluated by real-time PCR technique.
Results: Cholestasis led to learning and memory dysfunctions, decreased the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, and increased the expression of genes involved in neuroinflammation. Intraperitoneal injection (IP) of Y2O3NPs, especially at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, enhanced the recognition and recall memory, increased the expression of factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM), and decreased neuroinflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Y2O3NPs reduced memory disorders caused by cholestasis. This nanoparticle increased the expression of factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, reduced the inflammatory responses in the hippocampus of cholestasis animals, and possibly alleviated cognitive disorders through this mechanism.
The Link between Osteoporosis and Frozen Shoulder: Exploring the Therapeutic Effect of TAK715 on Reversing Fibrosis and Protecting against Osteoporosis via the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Xinhao , Yan Yan , Long Yi , Hou Jingyi , Wang Zhuo , Meng Yuhan , Cui Dedong , Li Ming , Yang Rui
Published: June 2024

Background:
The global incidence of frozen shoulder (FS) and osteoporosis (OP) is high. Although FS patients may experience localized OP in the shoulder, there is still insufficient strong evidence to confirm the relationship between FS and OP. The main objective of this current research is to investigate the pathogenesis mechanism of FS and explore the connection between FS and OP.
Methods:
We obtained FS and OP datasets from GEO and identified crosstalk genes. We screened the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and its specific inhibitor, TAK715. We conducted flow cytometry, western blot, and PCR analyses to assess the treatment effect of TAK715 on FS synovium fibroblasts at concentrations of 1μM, 5μM, and 10μM. Additionally, we employed SD rats to validate the treatment effects of TAK715 in vivo.
Results:
TAK715 was found to also intervene in the activation of osteoclasts. We successfully established a FS and OP rat model, with the FS with OP rat displaying more severe symptoms. Results demonstrated that TAK715 effectively corrected both fibrosis and osteoporosis simultaneously in vivo.
Conclusions:
The frozen shoulder with osteoporosis may exhibit more severe symptoms, and TAK715 is effective in protecting fibrosis and osteoporosis both in vitro and vivo. The therapy to correct FS and OP simultaneously by TAK715 provides novel approach in FS treatment and study.
Inhibit of the cGAS-STING-STAT1 pathway protects heart from the Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Hou Ning , YUAN Xun , Tian Wenqi , Qin Yuan , Jiang Ruchao , Lu Xianneng , Zhu Qiulian , Zhang Guiping , Liu Yun , Jiang Wenyue
Published: June 2024

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a common clinical chemotherapeutic drug. However, DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) limits the wide and long-term clinical use to treat cancers. This study aims to dissect the mechanism in which DNA damage-triggered micronucleus (MN) formation activates the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-STAT1 pathway in cardiac fibroblasts during DIC. C57BL/6J mice were intravenously injected with 10 mg/kg of DOX to establish an acute DOX-induced cardiac injury mouse model. Meanwhile, C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with STING inhibitor C-176 (10 mg/kg/week) or intravenously injected with STING siRNA (10 nM/week) prior to DOX (5 mg/kg/week) intravenous injection for 4 weeks to establish a chronic DIC mouse model. After 1 week of Dox injection, mice were harvested for further analysis. Measurements included echocardiography, immunohistochemical analyses, Masson and Sirius Red staining, and Western blots. Here, we showed that the cGAS-STING-STAT1 pathway was activated in cardiac fibroblasts during DIC. The STING inhibition by C-176 or the STING knockdown via siRNA in DOX-induced chronic cardiotoxicity mouse heart attenuated the DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, and the inflammatory response. Mechanistically, we also demonstrated that the DOX-induced DNA damage-triggered MN formation impaired the nuclear stability, initiating the activation of the cGAS-STING-STAT1 pathway in cardiac fibroblasts during DIC. Our study illustrated that the activation of the cGAS-STING-STAT1 pathway initiated by DOX-induced DNA damage and MN formation stimulated proinflammatory responses in cardiac fibroblasts, thus promoting myocardial fibrosis during DIC.
Comparing the effectiveness of radial Extracorporeal Shockwave therapy (rESWT) and three conventional treatment approaches for biceps brachii muscle in exercise-induced Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness (DOMS): A Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Islam Azharul , Hossain K. M. Amran , Kabir Md. Feroz , Jahan Sharmila , Rahman Ehsanur , Hossain Md. Kabir , Hossain Md. Zahid
Published: June 2024

Background
Delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) is a typical physiological response to unaccustomed to intense exercise, characterised by pain, stiffness, and reduced muscle function. DOMS is often experienced in muscles after strenuous limb activities, impacting an individual's physical performance and overall well-being. Effective management strategies for DOMS are essential to minimise discomfort and enhance recovery. In the treatment of DOMS, physiotherapy management is a better option rather than analgesics or NSAIDs. There is a research gap on radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, rESWT, MFR, cryotherapy, etc. that has an individual and unique effect on pain reduction and functional improvement.
Method
An assessor and participants-blinded randomised clinical trial (RCT) will be used for the investigation. The impact of rESWT, MFR, and stretching combined with cryotherapy on exercise-induced DOMS will be examined in this study. On the patient, DOMS will be induced for research purposes. Three groups will receive rESWT, MFR, and stretching in addition to cryotherapy. After DOMS is induced, the treatment will be given once daily for 0 to 48 hours (3 times in 3 days). Each group will include 40 students, and the research will measure how rESWT, MFR, Cryotherapy, and Stretching affect pain alleviation before treatment (pretest), immediately after treatment (post-test 1), 24 hours later (post-test 2), 48 hours later (post-test 3) and 72 hours later (post-test 4). The outcome metric will be pain intensity and ROM. Male and female students of the University with good physical health and without a history of taking painkillers recently make up the study’s groups.
Discussion
The study investigates the efficacy of physiotherapy approaches (rESWT, MFR, Cryotherapy, and Stretching) on exercise-induced DOMS. It addresses a research gap regarding rESWT’s effectiveness and offers valuable insights into pain reduction methods. The findings can guide comprehensive pain management and individualised recovery strategies.
Trial registration
CTRI/2023/08/056649 [Registered on: 18/08/2023]
Food web structure and species’ role in an oceanic Marine Protected Area in the subantarctic
Authors: Scian Melina , Riccialdelli Luciana , Marina Tomás Ignacio
Published: June 2024

The Marine Protected Area Yaganes (MPAY) was created in response to the great deterioration that has been suffering the ecosystems due to the environmental crisis that is affecting our planet, with the aim to protect key ocean habitats and species. Located at the southern tip of South America, MPAY is home to a wide variety of marine biodiversity and habitats, which makes it of ​​special interest for the conservation of subantarctic environments. For the first time, we described the potential trophic interactions within the MPAY, with emphasis in the pelagic realm. We applied both a network-level and a species-level approach to characterise the structure and complexity properties, aiming to comprehend trophic dynamics and the specific roles of certain species within the food web. In terms of complexity, the MPAY food web consists of 127 species with 658 predator-prey interactions, a density of interactions of 5.18 and a connectance of 0.04. Regarding its structure, around 69% of the species occupied intermediate trophic levels. The Keystone Species Index (KSI), highlighted the importance of some species such as the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), the amphipod Themisto gaudichaudii, euphausiids and myctophids, among others, to the structure of the food web.
Characterization of shared neoantigens in Endometrial Cancer with Microsatellite Instability
Authors: Urbani Andrea , De Paolis Elisa , Nero Camilla , Micarelli Elisa , Leoni Guido , Piermattei Alessia , Trozzi Rita , Scarselli Elisa , D'Alise Anna Morena , Giacò Luciano , De Bonis Maria , Daniele Gennaro , Piana Diletta , Pasciuto Tina , Zannoni Gian Franco , Minucci Angelo , Scambia Giovanni , Fanfani Francesco
Published: June 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) with microsatellite instability (MSI) are characterized by the accumulation of insertions/deletions at microsatellite sites, mainly mononucleotide repeats (MNRs). These MSI-related mutations lead to the synthesis of frameshift peptides (FSPs) that represent tumor-specific neoantigens (nAg) proved to be shared across patients/tumors with MSI. In this study we explored the feasibility of a nAg-based cancer vaccination design in EC with MSI. We adopted a whole exome sequencing approach and ad hoc bioinformatics pipelines to characterize FSPs in 35 patients with EC. A mean of 100 mutated MNRs was identified with an enrichment in patients’ group with MLH1 impairment. A high coverage emerged from the comparative analysis of the EC FSPs with the content of the previously validated NOUS-209 vaccine. We also obtained evidences of translation of EC FSPs as expressed proteins from Riboseq data, supporting the potential as target of vaccination. The development of a nAgs-based vaccine strategy in EC with MSI may be further explore. Cancer vaccination in combination with checkpoint inhibition could represent an enhancement of the immunotherapeutic approach in EC.