bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption Characteristics of Zeolite A Synthesized from Wassa Kaolin for Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Labik Linus Kweku , Kwakye-Awuah Bright , Abavare Eric Kwabena Kyeh , Sefa-Ntiri Baah , Nkrumah Isaac , Williams Craig
Published: September 2020

Zeolites based on the numerous applications can be utilised in providing solutions to some challenges of our world. With the ability to store thermal energy as chemical potential, zeolites are able to store thermal energy for long periods. This can occur with very minimal loss of energy and indefinitely unless the zeolite comes into contact with an adsorbate. The use of zeolite - water as adsorbent - adsorbate pair in thermal energy storage (TES) applications have been studied and have shown good results. However, the cost of zeolites synthesized from reagents continue to hamper the effective use of this adsorbent. Zeolite A was synthesized from kaolin from Wassa in Ghana based on a modified synthesis route. The adsorption properties of the zeolite utilising a designed and fabricated TES system using amounts of 100g, 200g, 300g, 400g and 500g of zeolite with a 1:1.5 ratio to water. Adsorption isosteres were plotted with the temperature and pressure values recorded and results showed correlation to adsorption behaviour of zeolites. Langmuir adsorption isotherms with r-squared values greater than 90% confirmed the affinity of water for zeolites. isosteric heat of adsorption was calculated with the minimum being 5,655.84 J/g and the maximum being 8,113.44 J/g. This confirms that the Zeolite A synthesized from Was kaolin has the structural properties needed for TES applications.
Mainstreaming Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into Local Development Planning: Lessons from Adentan Municipal Assembly in Ghana
Authors: Duah Ellen Forkuo , Ahenkan Albert , Larbi Daniel
Published: September 2020

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which were adopted in September 2015 represent a challenging worldwide action plan that aims to end poverty, achieve gender equality, in diverse dimensions, promote decent work among others. Global realization of the SDGs by 2030 is highly dependent on the localization and effective implementation of the goals, yet little is known about diverse perspective of SDG localization and challenges involved. It is in response to this that the study examines the magnitude to which SDGs have been integrated into local development planning using Adentan municipal as a case study. A qualitative method with an in-depth interview of 20 key informants was adopted. The study developed a conceptual framework which was used to examine Adentan municipal Assembly on SDG mainstreaming. The study also did a critical analysis of the medium-term development plan of the municipal assembly to identify how the Assembly has effectively mainstreamed the SDGs at the local level. The findings from the study revealed that the authorities are aware of the SDGs. Majority of the targets in SDGs (1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,11,13,14,16 and 17) have been integrated into the local development plan of the Assembly. However, SDG 7 and 15 were of no interest to the municipal. The findings further indicated that financing, low awareness of the relevance of the SDGs among the citizens in the municipality and bureaucracy are the major challenges of SDG mainstreaming at the local level. The study proposed a framework which extends the theory of change on effective SDG mainstreaming and can be added to other existing framework on SDG mainstreaming at the local level to address the challenges and needs of SDG mainstreaming for development initiative and may inform future research in mainstreaming and planning.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine and Design of Anti-SARS-CoV2 Protease Inhibitor
Authors: Abdulfatai Usman , Uzairu Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Uba Sani
Published: September 2020

In this present investigation, simulated molecular docking study of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine compounds were investigated on the SARS-CoV2 enzyme to determine the types of amino acids responsible for the biochemical reaction at the binding site. A structure-based docking design technique was explored in designing a novel derivative of chloroquine for the treatment and management of new COVID 19 disease. To achieve this, the molecular docking simulation method was used to investigate the level of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (Drugs presently under clinical trial) interactions on SARS-CoV2 enzyme (a causative agent of COVID 19 disease). Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine which has been debated as drugs for the management of COVID 19 were subjected to molecular docking analysis, and the binding energies generated were found to be -6.1 kcal/mol and -6.8 kcal/mol respectively. Moreover, novel 2-((4-((7-chloroquinolin-4 yl) amino)pentyl)((methylamino)methyl)amino) ethan-1-ol as an anti-SARS-CoV2 protease was designed through the structural modification of hydroxychloroquine. The binding energy of this drug candidate was found to be -6.9 kcal/mol. This novel drug was found to formed hydrogen and conventional interactions with the binding site of SARS-CoV2 protease through amino acids such as Glutamic acid (GLU166), Glycine (GLY143), Phenylalanine (PHE140), Asparagine (ASN142), Histidine (HIS163), His (HIS172, HIS41, HIS163), Leucine (LEU41, LEU27), Glycine (GLY143), Glutamine (GLN189), Methionine (MET49, MET165), Serine (SER 46), Cysteine (CYS145) and Threonine (THR25). With this binding energy, this new drug candidate could bind better to the human SARS-CoV2 protease’ binding site. This research provides a clue for other scientists on various ways of designing and identify the types of amino acids that may be responsible for biochemical action on SARS-CoV2 protease.
Reviewer Acknowledgements, Vol. 14, No. 10, October 2020
Authors: Sun Barbara
Published: September 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements, Vol. 14, No. 10, October 2020
The role of grammar in learning to write: An interview with Joaquim Dolz and Carmen Rodríguez-Gonzalo, experts in writing didactics
Authors: Compte Rosich Alba
Published: September 2020

Joaquim Dolz holds a PhD in Educational Sciences and is Professor of Language Teaching at the Uni-versity of Geneva (Switzerland). His research ranges from analysis of the teaching and learning process to teacher training. His work includes studies on the teaching of oral and written language, textual gen-res, and instructional sequences. Carmen Rodríguez-Gonzalo holds a PhD in Lan-guage Education and is a former teacher in Language Arts at Secondary Education. She is an Associate Professor in the Department of Language and Litera-ture Didactics at the University of Valencia (Spain). Her research focuses on the relationships between use and reflection on language, especially in the teaching of written language.
Enseñanza de la gramática como enseñanza de una actividad sociocultural
Authors: Bernárdez Enrique
Published: September 2020

La enseñanza de gramática exige plantearnos cosas que muchas veces se dan por supuestas: qué pretendemos enseñar al enseñar gramática, cómo debe ser esta, qué variedad o registro de lengua tomar como punto de referencia, si algún enfoque científico (o no) debe configurar (o no) la gramática enseñada. Hay respuestas que parecerían evidentes: la necesaria visión de muchas lenguas como pluricéntricas, la necesidad de proporcionar las herramientas necesarias para un uso adecuado de la lengua, esto es, la visión de la lengua como actividad sociocultural; otras quizá sean menos evidentes, como la distinción entre lo “estable” (las reglas de las estructuras gramaticales) y lo “variable” (aquello que permite más libertad al hablante).
Nota de les editores: Recerca actual sobre l’ensenyament de la gramàtica. Per a què serveix ensenyar gramàtica?
Authors: Marcotte Sylvie , Beaumanoir-Secq Morgane , Reig Aina
Published: September 2020

La recerca sobre l’ensenyament de la gramàtica abasta temes diversos i adopta perspectives plurals. El III Congrés Internacional sobre Ensenyament de la Gramàtica (Congram19), celebrat a la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona del 23 al 25 de gener de 2019, n’és una mostra. La presència de treballs de recerca actuals realitzats en diversos contextos va ser una oportunitat per a contribuir a un camp comú en el qual sigui possible reflexionar i debatre sobre les particularitats de la recerca realitzada en cadascun d’aquests contextos, lligada clarament a les finalitats assignades a l’ensenyament de la gramàtica. En aquest número especial es recullen les aportacions de 16 investigadors resultants d’aquest congrés. El lector trobarà aquestes contribucions en dues parts: la primera part, en el número anterior de Bellaterra Journal of Teaching & Learning Language & Literature (13.2), i la segona part, en el número present (13.3).
Elementos de geographia e chorographia do Brasil de Antonia Angelina (século XIX)
Authors: Santos Vera Maria , Amorim Simone Silveira , Vilas–Bôas Carvalho do Nascimento Ester Fraga
Published: September 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo discutir a inserção de Antonia Angelina de Figueiredo Sá no campo intelectual da Geografia em Sergipe e, desse modo, lançar luzes sobre a constituição do campo intelectual dessa disciplina, que começou a definir o seu contorno no século XIX. As fontes se constituem em livros didáticos de Geografia produzidos à época, jornais e o Dicionário biobibliográfico de Armindo Cordeiro Guaraná. Os conceitos que fundamentam essa análise são campo de Bourdieu (1984), elites locais de Vellasco (2004), de Capital Social e Cultural, de Bourdieu (1998) e o de intelectual de Sirinelli (1996). A análise revela a importância dessa mulher que adentrou em um campo notadamente masculino e ainda se tornou escritora de livro didático de Geografia, no século XIX, em Sergipe.Este estudo tem por objetivo discutir a inserção de Antonia Angelina de Figueiredo Sá no campo intelectual da Geografia em Sergipe e, desse modo, lançar luzes sobre a constituição do campo intelectual dessa disciplina, que começou a definir o seu contorno no século XIX. As fontes se constituem em livros didáticos de Geografia produzidos à época, jornais e o Dicionário biobibliográfico de Armindo Cordeiro Guaraná. Os conceitos que fundamentam essa análise são campo de Bourdieu (1984), elites locais de Vellasco (2004), de Capital Social e Cultural, de Bourdieu (1998) e o de intelectual de Sirinelli (1996). A análise revela a importância dessa mulher que adentrou em um campo notadamente masculino e ainda se tornou escritora de livro didático de Geografia, no século XIX, em Sergipe. w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent
First EURIPA Rural Health Forum, September 18 and 19, 2020. Programme. Book of Abstracts
Authors: Kern Jean-Baptiste , Jacquet Jean-Pierre , Petrazzuoli Ferdinando , Kurpas Donata , Ouvrad Patrick , Randall-Smith Jane
Published: September 2020

“When the Covid - 19 pandemic began in China, I could not imagine the impact it would have
subsequently in our daily lives for a while. In March, with the lockdown in the western countries it
was still difficult to imagine the consequences in the short, middle and long term.
When we decided to postpone our 10th Rural Health forum to 2021, we had two alternatives:
- no forum in 2020
- a virtual forum in 2020.
We thought it was unfair to leave all our rural colleagues without support, news and perspective, so
we decided to launch the e-Forum.
If you search on google "A friendly e-forum" you will not find any relevant references. After our first
rural health e-forum, I hope you will find one.
Imagine, imagine all the opportunities provided by the new communications tools in combination
with good humour, kindness, friendliness - that is the challenge we took up.
It was a pleasure to prepare it, it will be a pleasure to attend.”
Register, and Enjoy!
Jean-Pierre Jacquet, President of EURIPA
Dragonflies (Odonata) of the city of Lublin (Eastern Poland)
Authors: Buczyński Paweł , Buczyńska Edyta , Baranowska Małgorzata , Lewniewski Łukasz , Góral Nikola , Kozak Jacek , Tarkowski Adam , Szykut Karolina Anna
Published: September 2020

: The authors discuss the dragonfly fauna of Lublin based on fragmentary historical data and the results of their own research from the period 1992-2019. A total of 54 dragonfly species were recorded: 17 in the historical period and 53 contemporarily. Although the Lublin area is a hot spot of odonate species richness in both the Lublin Upland and central and eastern Poland, it is of little importance for habitat specialists and also endangered and protected species. The species composition of the fauna was analysed in three zones of the city: the outskirts, the urbanized area and the City Centre. The diversity and numbers of dragonflies decreased significantly along this urbanization gradient and some groups of stenotopic species disappeared. The importance of anthropogenic water bodies in maintaining the diversity of dragonflies in urban areas, in particular stormwater ponds and garden ponds, is emphasized.
Detecção de Colisão Broad Phase: Nova Solução e Metodologia para Análise Padronizada de Algoritmos
Authors: Serpa Ygor Rebouças , Rodrigues Maria Andréia Formico
Published: September 2020

Detecção de colisão é um problema computacional focado na identificação de interseções geométricas entre objetos e, em geral, relações de proximidade entre os mesmos. Apesar de sua notória relevância para várias áreas do conhecimento, poucos autores propuseram soluções simultaneamente gerais e escaláveis. Adicionalmente, não havia uma metodologia padrão, nem na academia, nem na indústria: somente modelos próprios de cenários e de análises comparativas tinham sido desenvolvidos, dificultando a reprodução e a comparação dos resultados. Neste contexto, apresentamos uma nova solução genérica e escalável para a detecção de colisão broad phase e uma nova metodologia para a análise comparativa de algoritmos, nomeada Broadmark, cujo código open-source está disponível publicamente, visando a transferência de conhecimento para a academia, indústria e sociedade. Assim, almejamos contribuir para a geração de soluções robustas e multi-facetadas aplicadas a cenários diversos e, portanto, para uma maior transparência, facilidade de modificação/extensão e reprodutibilidade dos resultados.
Misinformation, Radicalization and Hate Through the Lens of Users
Authors: Ribeiro Manoel Horta , Almeida Virgílio A. F. , Meira Jr Wagner
Published: September 2020

The popularization of Online Social Networks has changed the dynamics of content creation and consumption. In this setting, society has witnessed an amplification in phenomena such as misinformation and hate speech. This dissertation studies these issues through the lens of users. In three case studies in social networks, we: (i) provide insight on how the perception of what is misinformation is altered by political opinion; (ii) propose a methodology to study hate speech on a user-level, showing that the network structure of users can improve the detection of the phenomenon; (iii) characterize user radicalization in far-right channels on YouTube through time, showing a growing migration towards the consumption of extreme content in the platform.
Coloração total em grafos potência de ciclo
Authors: Zorzi Alesom , De Figueiredo Celina M. H. , Machado Raphael C. S.
Published: September 2020

Apresentamos uma técnica de composição de grafos potência de ciclo que utilizamos para gerar contribuições significativas para o estado da arte do problema da coloração total na classe, gerando evidências para a validade de uma conjectura aberta ha 13 anos, mesmo com estudos recentes abordando o problema. Os resultados deste trabalho também corroboram com uma famosa conjectura que foi proposta independentemente por Behzad e Vizing ha 55 anos.
Número de Grundy impróprio de subclasses de cografos
Authors: Rodrigues Efraim , Sales Cláudia Linhares
Published: September 2020

O problema de coloração d-imprópria de vértices, que permite que uma cor atribuída a um vértice possa ser compartilhada com até d, d≥0, de seus vizinhos, é uma generalização do problema clássico de coloração de vértices (onde d=0). Sendo igualmente intratável, a heurística de coloração gulosa d-imprópria foi introduzida em [Rodrigues 2020]. Neste trabalho, determinamos o seu pior desempenho em algumas subclasses de cografos.
Problemas de M-partição em cografos
Authors: Bravo Raquel Souza Francisco , Cruz Maria Luíza López
Published: September 2020

O estudo de grafos é um tópico importante em Ciência da Computação, no campo teórico e prático. Este trabalho consiste na resolução de um problema na área de teoria dos grafos: o problema da M-partição visa apresentar uma caracterização dos grafos cujo conjunto de vértices pode ser particionado em k conjuntos independentes e l cliques, encontrando as obstruções minimais para essa partição. Devido à dificuldade do problema da M-partição, que é NP-completo, este trabalho considera o problema restrito à classe dos cografos com matriz simétrica M de ordem 4 (m = 4). Esta matriz representa as restrições externas e internas acerca da partição desejada e suas entradas podem ser elementos {0,1,*}.
A result on total coloring of circulant graphs
Authors: Alves Junior Mauro N. , Sasaki Diana
Published: September 2020

In this work we determine that all members of an infinite family of 4-regular circulant graphs are Type 1.
Uma Solução de Decisão de Handover inter-V-Cell para Veı́culos Conectados em Redes 5G Ultradensas
Authors: Storck Carlos , Lousada Efrem , Silva Guilherme , Duarte-Figueiredo Fátima , Mini Raquel
Published: September 2020

A rede de celular de quinta geração (5G) requer novas soluções para novos requisitos de rede, como o suporte à mobilidade para altas velocidades. Este trabalho apresenta uma solução de decisão de handover para veı́culos conectados em redes 5G ultradensas. Ele tem como objetivo principal tratar a alta mobilidade veicular e proporcionar ganhos de desempenho em handover para veı́culos, uma vez que a densificação da rede celular causa, apesar do ganho de capacidade esperado, dificuldades na seleção de células, maior número de handovers falhos e desnecessários (efeito ping-pong), maiores atrasos e consumo de energia, e altas perdas de pacotes. A solução tem como base a formação de células virtuais (V-Cells). A seleção de melhores células é feita com o auxı́lio de métricas de redes complexas para compor uma célula virtual, assim como critérios como potência de sinal, distância e velocidade. A solução se apoia em um controlador de rede definida por software (SDN) para tomada de decisão, que possui informação centralizada da rede. Simulações foram conduzidas no simulador de rede, ns-3. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a solução é eficaz no tratamento de handover para veı́culos.
O Processo de Construção do Jogo Inteligente Tangível: Hash 3D
Authors: Scheffel Érica , Motta Claudia , Oliveira Carlo , Marques Carla Verônica
Published: September 2020

Este artigo descreve o processo de construção do Jogo Inteligente Tangível, denominado Hash 3D, cujo objetivo é oportunizar, de forma computadorizada, lúdica e totalmente manipulável, um estudo sobre os processos cognitivos que compõem a inteligência, segundo a Teoria PASS, tais como Planejamento, Atenção, Processamento Sucessivo e Simultâneo [Luria 1966].
Otimização de Redes de Comunicação de Dados como Suporte à Implantação de Smart Grids.
Authors: Lima Daniel Victor Teixeira , Vaz Vanilze , De Albuquerque Júnior Francisco , Da Silva Marcelino Silva
Published: September 2020

O problema de alocação de recursos consiste na distribuição dos mesmos obedecendo a um determinado criterio em dado cenário. A construção de modelos analíticos e/ou simulações computacionais se fazem necessárias para a avaliação da viabilidade operacional de um cenário com os requisitos de uma rede Smart Grid. Neste contexto, um modelo analítico baseado em grafos formalizou o problema de localização apresentado, o qual foi solucionado através de um algoritmo genético que leva em consideração os requisitos de qualidade de serviço para Smart Grids. A proposta e eficiente pois encontra uma topologia economicamente viavel que atende os requisitos técnicos.
Bots para Organizações Sociais
Authors: Couto Lucas , Fornazin Marcelo , Gargano Leonardo
Published: September 2020

O processo de desenvolvimento de software é uma atividade complexa que envolve incertezas e desafios. Essas incertezas e desafios potencializam-se quando buscamos construir sistemas e tecnologias para o terceiro setor que possuem práticas e valores diferentes da gestão empresarial. Atualmente, a área de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) não realiza debates relativos às características das organizações sociais com frequência. Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a construção em andamento de robôs para movimentos sociais.
O Uso de Inteligência Artificial no Combate à Evasão Fiscal: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Soares Glauco De Vasconcelos , Cunha Rodrigo C. L. V , De Medeiros Filho Fernando Erico
Published: September 2020

Evasão fiscal é um problema enfrentado pelos governos de todo mundo. O uso de IA tem sido uma alternativa viável para combater esse problema. Neste contexto, esse trabalho tem como objetivo identificar como a IA auxilia no combate à evasão fiscal. Para isso, foi desenvolvido uma revisão sistemática da literatura, encontrando 738 artigos, dos quais 18 foram selecionados para esta revisão. A revisão investiga os tipos de algoritmos utilizados, a forma de validação dos modelos e os desafios encontrados durante as pesquisas. Os resultados demonstram um panorama geral das últimas pesquisas desta área, as lacunas nas pesquisas atuais e classificação das técnicas utilizadas recentemente.
Um Ambiente Virtual Colaborativo para o Planejamento de Ensino PBL em Cursos de Computação
Authors: Da Silva Jesiel Viana , Alexandre Gustavo Henrique Da Silva
Published: September 2020

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) tem sido uma boa alternativa para atender às necessidades educacionais da Computação. No entanto, faltam ferramentas digitais específicas para ajudar os educadores na tarefa de planejamento de ensino PBL. Como solução para esse problema, este artigo propõe a concepção de um sistema colaborativo orientado aos princípios PBL para o planejamento de ensino. Os resultados iniciais indicam um bom índice de aceitação da ferramenta.
Internet das Coisas como Plataforma Multidisciplinar de Aprendizagem: Projetos Integradores Hardware/Software
Authors: Mota Vinícius F. S. , Gomes Roberta L. , De Freitas Sérgio A. A.
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência do desenvolvimento de um projeto de ensino, intitulado "Internet das Coisas como plataforma multidisciplinar de aprendizagem", e um estudo de caso da aplicação dos artefatos resultantes em uma disciplina de projeto integrado. Tal projeto disponibilizou material técnico-didático abordando a temática Internet das Coisas, integrando hardware/software/comunicação. Dessa forma, os discentes foram expostos a conceitos avançados e práticos já no segundo período do curso de Engenharia de Computação da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Por meio de um teste de motivação intrínseca, observou-se um alto índice de interesse e auto-confiança dos alunos na elaboração das tarefas da disciplina.
Criação de um jogo para desenvolver o Pensamento Computacional percorrendo caminhos eulerianos
Authors: Alencar Luiz , Pires Fernanda , Pessoa Marcela
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de jogo educacional, denominado "O sequestro de Magrafo'', cujo objetivo é auxiliar na aprendizagem de caminhos eulerianos em grafos e exercitar o desenvolvimento das habilidades de Pensamento Computacional. Foi aplicado o modelo de avaliação educacional de jogos MEEGA+KIDS, com crianças do Ensino Fundamental, que dá indícios de que o jogo pode ser uma ferramenta promissora para auxiliar na aprendizagem.
Uma Análise do Uso da Robótica Educacional como Ferramenta de Aprendizagem em Lógica de Programação
Authors: Cambruzzi Eduardo , Santana Jessica De S.
Published: September 2020

Nas últimas décadas, tem crescido o interesse pelo uso da Robótica Educativa como ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem em disciplinas relacionadas à programação de computadores. No entanto, poucos são os estudos que avaliam os impactos de longo prazo de seu uso, seja na aprendizagem ou no interesse dos alunos pela área da computação. Neste artigo, apresentam-se os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos do uso da robótica como ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem de Lógica de Programação ao longo dos três anos de formação de alunos do ensino médio-técnico.
Mostra de Ideias: aplicação de uma metodologia gamificada e baseada em problemas no curso de Sistemas de Informação da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso
Authors: Santos Junior Mauro F. , Da Silva Sergiana Alves
Published: September 2020

Para tornar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem mais motivador no Curso de Sistemas de Informação, foi desenvolvido o projeto Mostra de Ideias: uma metodologia gamificada e baseada em problemas. Foi estruturada no formato de competição, e as equipes tinham como objetivo criar startups para apresentar a melhor e mais viável solução tecnológica para problemas reais. As fases da competição incluíam oficinas com especialistas convidados, incrementando o conteúdo da disciplina e o engajamento dos alunos. A validação desta proposta ocorreu através de análise qualitativa e quantitativa, e foi verificado o aumento do desempenho acadêmico na disciplina.
Xylanase and Its Industrial Applications
Authors: Basit Abdul , Jiang Wei , Rahim Kashif
Published: September 2020

Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable raw material. Industrial interest with new technology has grown to take advantage of this raw material. Different microbial enzymes are treated with biomass to produce the desired products under ideal industrial conditions. Xylanases are the key enzymes that degrade the xylosidic linkages in the xylan backbone of the biomass, and commercial enzymes are categorized into different glycoside hydrolase families. Thermophilic microorganisms are an excellent source of thermostable enzymes that can tolerate the extreme conditions of industrial processing. Thermostability of xylanases from thermophilic microorganisms has given the importance for a specific activity at elevated temperatures and distinction due to biochemical properties, structure, and mode of action. Optimized xylanases can be produced through genetic engineering: a novel xylanase is isolated from an extreme environment and then genetically modified to improve suitability for industrial contexts. Recombinant protein techniques have made it possible to engineer and express thermostable xylanases in bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi. We will discuss the biotechnological potential of xylanases from thermophilic microorganism and the ways they are being optimized and expressed for industrial applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of PANI and Block Copolymer PANI-b-PEO Catalyzed by Maghnite (AlgerianMMT): Electrical and Electronic Domain
Authors: Rahmouni Abdelkader , Zohra Zeggai Fatima , Belbachir Mohammed , Khaldoun Bachari , Chebout Redouane
Published: September 2020

Polyaniline (PANI) and its block copolymer (PANI-PEO2000) has been prepared under effect of Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT) in different weight percentage (wt %) by cationic polymerization method. The structure of PANI and PANI-PEO2000 is predicted by the FT-IR and 1HNMR spectra. The thermal stability of homopolymer and block copolymer is confirmed by difference scanning calorimetry and analysis thermogravimetry. So after this results we can suggest that our heterogeneous catalyst called maghnite (Algerian MMT) can modified the morphology and the physical chemical properties of polyaniline (PANI) and its homolog block polyaniline-b-poly ethylene oxide (PANI-b-PEO2000) in the mild conditions under microwave irradiation.
A New Integer-to-Integer Transform
Authors: Cherian Roy Rajesh
Published: September 2020

This chapter presents a detailed analysis of an integer-to-integer transform that is closely related to the discrete Fourier transform, but that offers insights into signal structure that the DFT does not. The transform is analyzed for its underlying properties using concepts from number theory. Theorems are given along with proofs to help establish the salient features of the transform. Two kinds of redundancy exist in the transform. It is shown how redundancy implicit in the transform can be eliminated to obtain a simple form. Closed-form formulas for the forward and inverse transforms are presented.
Mode-I and Mode-II Crack Tip Fields in Implicit Gradient Elasticity Based on Laplacians of Stress and Strain. Part III: Numerical Simulations
Authors: Broese Carsten , Frischmann Jan , Tsakmakis Charalampos
Published: September 2020

A two-dimensional formulation of the 3-PG Model of implicit gradient elasticity has been developed in Part I. The predicted near-tip fields for Mode-I and Mode-II crack problems have been derived in Part II. It has been found that both the classical Cauchy stress and the nonclassical double stress are singular with the order of singularity r−12. In the present chapter, the two-dimensional model formulation is implemented in a finite element code. For verification of the resulting finite element model, a square section with a circular hole subjected to displacement-controlled tension loading is considered and discussed. The main concerns of the chapter are, on the one hand, to validate the analytical solutions of Part II. On the other hand, the chapter aims to investigate the effect of nonclassical material parameters on the stress intensity factors.
Phytoremediation: An Ecological Solution for Decontamination of Polluted Urban Soils
Authors: Dung Jusselme My , Bousserrhine Noureddine , Abbad-Andaloussi Samir , Brondeau Florence , Balland-Bolou-Bi Clarisse
Published: September 2020

Urbanization and industrialization are the main causes of increasing contaminated soils in cities all around the world. This leads to numerous abandoned lands, reduction in biodiversity, and thereby posing a serious health risk for urban inhabitants. The development of effective and ecological remediation approaches is necessary. Phytoremediation is well known as an ecological solution with good acceptation for remediation of contaminated soils. Since, urban soils are particularly characterized by their highly disturbed, heterogeneous and low fertility, the application of phytoremediation to rehabilitate contaminated soils in urban areas is until now very limited at the laboratory scale and even less at the field scale. In this context, we have to take into account all these parameters and precautions when it’s application. The main objective of this chapter is to discuss how to take phytoremediation approaches from a proven technology to an accepted practice in an urban context. An overview of urban soil types is provided following phytoremediation’s application for urban soils with the focus on inorganic and organic pollutants, to provide a frame of reference for the subsequent discussion on better utilization of phytoremediation. At last, we offer suggestion on how to gain greater acceptance for phytoremediation by urban inhabitants.
Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as a Promising Biomarker in Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Lima Camila , de Fatima Vattimo Maria , Macedo Etienne
Published: September 2020

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in several settings inside and outside hospitals. It affects millions of people around the world, and despite high levels of research funding, there is no specific treatment that changes the disease course. The basis for unfavorable outcomes related to this disease is the failure to provide early diagnosis. Currently, the diagnosis of AKI is based on serum creatinine and urine output, and both measures have several limitations, making early diagnosis difficult. In recent decades, several biomarkers of kidney injury have been proposed, with neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) being one of most studied and promising for use in early diagnosis. Despite there being several studies on NGAL, it has not yet been applied in clinical practice; thus, furthering the understanding of the development, interpretation, and limitations of NGAL in the diagnosis of AKI is the objective of this chapter.
Chiral Hybrid Nanosystems and Their Biosensing Applications
Authors: E. Bochenkov Vladimir , I. Shabatina Tatyana
Published: September 2020

The presented chapter is devoted to chiral biosensing using various metal nanostructures and their hybrid nanosystems with optically active bio- and organic molecules. Plasmonic nanosystems and nanostructures provide an excellent platform for label-free detection of molecular adsorption by detecting tiny changes in the local refractive index or amplification of light-induced processes in biomolecules. Based on recent theoretical and experimental developments in plasmon-enhanced local electric fields, we consider the main types of molecular-plasmonic hybrid systems capable of generating an amplified chiroptical signal for such applications as detecting the presence of certain biomolecules and (in some cases) determination of their orientation and higher-order structure.
Metagenomics and Pandemic Viruses
Authors: Vitor Marques Simas Paulo , Weis Arns Clarice
Published: September 2020

Humanity’s history contains many pandemic reports and now the scientific community has the possibility to identify the pathogens before the disease emergency. In this perspective, it is essential to carry out large-scale epidemiological studies in key animals that are in constant contact with humans. For this, the next generation sequencing (NGS) by the metagenomic approach—genetic material recovered directly from samples without previous amplification—is able to reveal the hidden microbial diversity. Metagenomes’ work aims to contribute to the facilitation of epidemiological studies through the adoption of simple effective strategies for the pathogens’ identification, understanding the evolutionary dynamic of them before the pandemic time. Here, we have presented some examples related to the successful metagenomic approaches and the continuous advice of the researchers to identify viruses and other possible pandemic pathogens.
Pulsed Electrochemical Micromachining in Stainless Steel
Authors: Rodríguez Pablo , Hidalgo Daniel , Eduardo Labarga Julio
Published: September 2020

This chapter presents research on pulsed electrochemical micromachining of stainless steel. Suitable equipment to study the process is described as well as a fitting procedure to machine and measure the variables involved. The pulse on-time must be maintained in the order of ns to achieve a good current confinement since the tool is active. Some experiments were carried out to assess the most important variables of the process: current confinement, surface roughness, material removal rate and efficiency. The current confinement has been observed to worsen when the pulse on-time increases, as well as the surface roughness. The material removal rate and efficiency increase with the voltage amplitude and the pulse on-time. The voltage amplitude must be higher than 12 V so that the phenomenon of passivation does not affect the process. There is a compromise in the choice of the variables, so a suitable combination of parameters is determined in order to achieve a good material removal rate with an acceptable result.
Amputation Pain Management
Authors: S. Seering Melinda , Punia Sangini
Published: September 2020

Considerable number of new amputations yearly in the United States and internationally represent considerable population experiencing pain that is not just acutely from surgical insult but chronically that is related to phantom limb pain and residual limb pain. This chronic pain can last from weeks to years in these patients and lead to other debilitation such as depression, anxiety and even opioid addiction. Early interventions help lessen long-term pain for these patients. These interventions include nerve blockade as well as multi-modal therapy. Understanding the pathophysiology of the pain experienced by these patients will better allow any provider to care for these patients effectively and help alleviate chronic pain in the long term.
Plato in Contemporary Medical Ethics: Holism and Care
Authors: Rotaru Tudor-Ștefan
Published: September 2020

There is a gap of twenty-four centuries between us and the Greek philosopher Plato. But what he had to say about illness, healing and the human being can be unexpectedly relevant in contemporary medical ethics. We argue that the contemporary principles of autonomy and beneficence can be revisited by means of platonic philosophy. We present an old and consistent idea of care which includes the empowerment of people in choosing the good by means of a virtuous character. We connect this idea to the contemporary notion of autonomy. We also show how a holistic approach was present for a long time in our cultural history. We argue that, despite its almost definitive loss, holism can and should be present in revisiting the principle of beneficence. For both holism and care, we provide samples of philosophical history. We conclude that an autonomous choice should be revisited as a wise choice and that medical beneficence should be reconsidered as holistic.
Art competitions at the Olympic Games 1912-1948 and the Czechoslovak participation
Authors: Škoda Zdeněk
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the art competitions that appeared on the program of modern Olympic Games between 1912 and 1948. It reveals the philosophical background of their existence within the Summer Olympics and their relation to the idea of kalokagathia. The article describes the reasons for their origin and how the founder of the modern Olympic movement Pierre de Coubertin succeeded in pushing this idea forward. There were five artistic disciplines: fine arts, music, sculpture, literature, and architecture. I will briefly introduce the history of art competitions in chronological order, show how their popularity gradually increased but I will also reveal the reasons the art competitions were removed from the program of the Olympic Games in the 1950s of the 20th century. Czech and Czechoslovak artists were frequent participants in the competitions. Except for Antwerp 1920 and Amsterdam 1928, they represented Czechoslovakia in large numbers until the time of the first Olympic Games after World War II in London 1948. In total, works by more than 50 Czechoslovak artists were presented and some were remarkably successful. Two composers Josef Suk and Jaroslav Křička and a sculptor Jakub Obrovský were even awarded Olympic medals in the 1930s. We will take a closer look at these achievements and present their works. The article aims to present a lesser known but important place of art competitions in the history of the modern Olympic movement and to recall the achievements of Czech and Czechoslovak artists.
Does personality matter when we are approaching the subjective perception of overtraining among adolescents?
Authors: Sip Radek , Burešová Iva
Published: September 2020

This article deals with the issue of overtraining among elite adolescent athletes. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between certain personality traits, as perfectionism, extraversion, neuroticism and other Big 5 traits and subjective perception of training load (which is one of the best indicator of overtraining syndrome). We also focused on the relationship between a perceived training difficulty and perceived training load too find out, if there is some kind of integral relationship. To collect data we used a questionnaire, which were given to adolescent elite athletes playing team sports in a mid-season period. The results show significant relationship between perceived training load and overall perfectionism (r=0.189, p<0.001), extraversion (r=-0.241, p<0.001), neuroticism (r=0.343, p<0.001) and consciousness (r=-0.287, p<0.001). After the closer examination we found an interesting relation between single dimension of perfectionism and perceived training load, suggesting the contribution of maladaptive perfectionism on development of overtraining syndrome. Besides that, we differentiated athletes into two groups, according to the level of perceived training difficulty. Those, who perceived training as difficult to exhausting (M=2,19, SD=0.50) were significantly higher than low to medium group (M=1.99, SD=0.47) in the perceived training load t(178)=-0.894, p=0.007. Those results extend our knowledge of overtraining topic and can be used in coaching practice to help identify athletes with higher risk of overtraining, or even prevent these states among young athletes before they occur. Hereby results suggest the importance of psychological aspects in sport preparation.
Pina Bausch: aproximações com Brecht e o teatro pós-dramático
Authors: Silveira Juliana Carvalho Franco da , Muniz Mariana Lima
Published: September 2020

O artigo apresenta aproximações entre os procedimentos utilizados por Pina Bausch na dança-teatro e os utilizados por Bertolt Brecht no teatro didático, além de relacionar o trabalho realizado pela diretora alemã com as propostas do que Hans-Thies Lehmann denomina de teatro pós-dramático.
Molecular characterization of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in the cervids and feeding ticks from Lithuania
Authors: Radzijevskaja Jana , Snegiriovaitė Justina , Kibiša Artūras , Ražanskė Irma , Paulauskas Algimantas
Published: September 2020

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a bacterial pathogen, which is a major cause of zoonotic disease, anaplasmosis. The main vectors of A. phagocytophilum are ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex. A. phagocytophilum has a broad geographic distribution and a high degree of biological and clinical diversity. Epidemiological studies in multiple countries have shown that the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum highly depends on the density of ticks and their potential hosts such as the cervids, which are one of the main sources of nutrition for Ixodes ticks. In Lithuania, the cervids are important game animals but their contribution as reservoirs for A. phagocytophilum remains unknown. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infections in the cervids and feeding ticks and to characterize the A. phagocytophilum strains obtained from the cervids and ticks based on sequence analysis of msp4 gene. A total of 187 ticks were collected from 44 cervids (roe deer, red deer, and moose) harvested by professional hunters during the hunting seasons of 2010–2013 and 2016–2017 in Lithuania. Blood and spleen samples were collected from 29 animals (27 roe deer and two red deer). A. phagocytophilum DNA was identified in ten (37.04%) of the 27 roe deer. The overall prevalence of A. phagocytophilum in I. ricinus and D. reticulatus ticks was 39.3% (70/178) and 22.2% (2/9) respectively. The sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of A. phagocytophilum revealed nine different sequence types: five msp4 sequence types were detected in ticks and seven in roe deer.
Mismos caminos, distintos destinos. Explorando el efecto de las trayectorias educativas y del origen social en las transiciones hacia la educación postobligatoria
Authors: Castejón Alba , Montes Alejandro , Manzano Martí
Published: September 2020

Las transiciones a la educación postobligatoria son un elemento clave para comprender las desigualdades educativas y sociales. La elección de los estudios postobligatorios por parte de los y las jóvenes está mediada por patrones de desigualdad social, así como por sus trayectorias y experiencias escolares previas. Partiendo de este marco, este artículo responde al objetivo de comprender de qué forma las trayectorias escolares de los y las jóvenes en la etapa de la educación obligatoria contribuyen a explicar sus elecciones acerca del itinerario postobligatorio. Más allá de un análisis que incorpore los factores descriptivos de las trayectorias escolares -como la repetición de curso o el rendimiento académico- el análisis incorpora también las experiencias de los y las jóvenes en su paso por la escuela. Para ello se utilizan los datos de un cuestionario realizado durante el curso 2018-2019 a N=1380 jóvenes en su primer curso de educación postobligatoria. Se ha realizado un análisis factorial y un posterior análisis de conglomerados –clúster–, que resultan en la construcción de cuatro tipos de trayectorias escolares: los/as “buenos/as”, los/as “esforzados/as”, los/as “liantes/as”, y los/as “desplazados/as”. Los resultados muestran cómo estas trayectorias escolares, mediadas por el origen social, influyen en las elecciones postobligatorias. En definitiva, el artículo pone de relieve la importancia ejercida por la trayectoria escolar y aporta una nueva evidencia a la desmitificación de la retórica existente sobre la “libre elección” en la transición a los estudios postobligatorios
A multi--criterion simulation model to determine dengue outbreaks
Authors: Jakubowski Piotr , Erandi Hasitha , Mahasinghe Anuradha , Perera Sanjeewa , Ameljańczyk Andrzej
Published: September 2020

In this study we develop a multi-criteria model to identify dengue outbreak periods. To validate the model, we perform simulation using dengue transmission related data in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. Our results indicate that the developed model can be used to predict the dengue outbreak situation in a given region upto one month.
Mechanisms of Gait Adaptation in Overweight Pregnant Women
Authors: Pauk Jolanta , Swinarska Dagna , Daunoraviciene Kristina
Published: September 2020

Background

Pregnancy is a period when a woman's body undergoes changes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the mechanisms of gait adaptation in overweight pregnant women regarding spatiotemporal gait parameters, ground reaction forces, and plantar pressure distribution.

Methods

The tests were performed in 29 normal-weight pregnant women and 26 pregnant women who were overweight before pregnancy. The measurements included spatiotemporal gait parameters, in-shoe plantar pressure distribution, and ground reaction forces during gestation.

Results

The results indicate that both normal-weight and overweight pregnant women make use of the same spatiotemporal gait parameters to increase body stability and safety of movement during pregnancy. The double-step duration in the third trimester of pregnancy was higher in normal-weight and overweight pregnant women compared with in the first trimester (P < .05). A significant change in pressure amplitude was found under all anatomical parts of the foot in the third trimester (P < .05). The results also suggest a higher increase in the maximum amplitude of force in overweight pregnant women in the third trimester compared with the normal-weight group.

Conclusions

This study suggests that both normal-weight and overweight pregnant women use different mechanisms of gait adaptation during pregnancy. In practice, understanding the biomechanical changes in women's gait can protect the musculoskeletal system during gestation.