bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La conformidad del acusado con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Muyo Bussac Pablo
Published: February 2023

Este artículo analiza las vicisitudes y antinomias de la conformidad prestada por un acusado con discapacidad intelectual: así, en primer lugar, se argumenta y defiende que la discapacidad no es una razón suficiente para privar a nadie de su capacidad para prestar su conformidad válidamente, máxime a raíz de la reforma operada por la Ley 8/2021. En segundo lugar, se explora en detalle las especialidades que debe presentar la conformidad, prestando especial atención al consentimiento libre e informado y al contenido del control judicial del mismo. Por último, se estudia el tratamiento procesal de oficio y a instancia de parte que debe darse a las conformidades prestadas sin conocimiento jurídico de las consecuencias del acto o sin reunir la libertad material exigida por la naturaleza del acto procesal.
In Low- and Middle-Income Countries the Uterine Tourniquet during Open Myomectomy is a Simple and Efficient Method of Reducing Blood Loss
Authors: Mian Dehi Boston , Loue Vedi , Angoi Virginie , Akinloye Sophia , Ampoh Fatimata
Published: February 2023

Background: Uterine fibroids are the most common form of benign uterine tumors. African women of reproductive age usually present late with large and numerous uterine fibroids. Conservative surgical treatment requires ways to reduce intraoperative bleeding. This study attempts to describe innovative methods in the efficient management of fibroids in low-and middle incomes countries. We demonstrate the efficiency of the uterine tourniquet during abdominal polymyomectomy in intraoperative bleeding reduction despite removal of numerous myomas. Methods: A prospective, descriptive and analytical review was conducted on 92 patients who underwent open myomectomy in the gynecology department of the university hospital of Cocody (Côte d’Ivoire) over 3 years (2019 to 2020). Intraoperative surgical steps include placing a uterine tourniquet before removal of the myomas. The variations in mean hemoglobin levels before and after myomectomies were compared. The significance level was set at 5% (p < 0.05). Results: The patients’ mean age was 38.5 years old, and 39% were nulliparous. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the main symptom (67.4%). On physical exam the uterine size varied significantly from 20 to 30 cm. The average number of uterine fibroids enucleated was ten. The mean duration of the procedure was 155 minutes with an estimated average blood loss of 250 mL. The mean difference between preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels was not significant (p < 0.061). Only four patients (4.3%) received a blood transfusion. Conclusions: Placing a uterine tourniquet allowed enucleation of several uterine fibroids with relatively reduced blood loss in abdominal myomectomies. This technique can be an alternative to embolization in countries with limited resources.
Parvovirus B19 in Morocco: Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin G Antibody in Pregnant Women in Marrakesh
Authors: Bouraddane Majda , Warda Karima , Elkamouni Youssef , Arsalane Lamiae , Zouhair Said
Published: February 2023

Background: Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection is ever-present and contagious. It is acquired during childhood and adolescence, but can occur at any age. B19V infection occurs in endemic epidemic mode in temperate zones in winter and spring. B19V infections, although often asymptomatic in pregnant women, can be responsible for hydrop fetalis, fetal anemia, and death in utero. This study will evaluate the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antiparvovirus in pregnant women in Marrakesh city in Morocco, and to find out the possible risk factors associated with B19V infections. Methods: We randomly selected 100 pregnant women from the Zerktouni hospital in Marrakesh. Socio-demographic characteristics and background were collected using a questionnaire. Serologic tests were carried out by searching for immunoglobulin G antibodies via the ParvovirusVirclia® IgG Chemiluminescencemonotest kits (Vircell Microbiologist, Granada, Spain) at the Bacteriology-Virology laboratory of the Avicenna Military Hospital in Marrakesh. Results: The median age of study participants was 27 (interquartile range (IQR): 17–43) years. Of 100 pregnant women 8%, 38% and 54% were in the first, second and third trimester respectively. The majority 96% of women were from urban areas. Nineteen percent (19%) of them had a history of spontaneous abortion. Of 100 pregnant women, the overall prevalence of IgG was 51 (51%). The average age of participants with positive serology was 26.45 years, and the mean age of those with negative serology was 28.98 years. The immunity against the virus was higher in young pregnant women. Twenty five (25%) women tested positive for B19V antibodies in the third trimester of pregnancy, implying immunity for the virus. The results of logistic regression showed insignificant association between the prevalence of B19V IgG antibodies and the demographic and obstetrical factors except for the having a child under 6 years factor (χ2 = 12.33, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Infection with B19V remains important in pregnant women in our region and virological diagnosis must be sought before any suggestive context.
Monitored Anesthesia Care in Uterine Artery Embolization for Leiomyomas and Adenomyosis
Authors: Oh Jiah , Kim Chang-Woon , Lee Moon Ok
Published: February 2023

Background: Patients undergoing an interventional radiology procedure report some degree of anxiety. Therefore, procedure-related anxiety needs to be managed. The aim of our study was to investigate patient satisfaction with monitored anesthesia care (MAC) for uterine artery embolization (UAE)-related procedural anxiety in symptomatic uterine fibroids or adenomyosis. Methods: Between May 2021 and June 2022, 36 patients with symptomatic fibroids or adenomyosis underwent UAE with MAC. Follow-up evaluations consisted of clinical symptoms, degree of satisfaction with MAC in UAE, and complications. Results: MAC in UAE was successfully performed in all patients. UAE significantly reduced patients’ complaints such as bleeding and pain: the scores for bleeding and pain were significantly reduced after 3 months of UAE compared with those before UAE, indicating the effectiveness of UAE. The mean score of satisfaction with MAC in UAE was 4.3 points, meaning that 94.4% of women were satisfied or very satisfied. No major complications were observed. Conclusions: MAC in UAE for symptomatic uterine fibroids or adenomyosis can be emotionally effective and safe for patients who are anxious about the procedure.
Associations of Gestational Weight Gain at Different Trimesters with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. A Prospective Study of 1273 Subjects
Authors: Cai Xue-Mei , Huang Qiu-Qi , Zhang Ting , Liu Yue , Fu Jian-Lin , Chen Jun-Yu , Ren Ru-Yu , Ren Ni , Yu Xin-Yang , Xia Yin-Yin , Han Ting-Li , Chen Chang , Qi Hong-Bo , Zhang Hua
Published: February 2023

Background: The incidence of excessive weight gain during pregnancy continues to increase. Our aim was to compare pregnancy outcomes at different trimesters and different classification criteria of gestational weight gain (GWG) and to examine whether GWG was correlated with adverse outcomes in the population of Southwest China. Methods: In the randomized controlled trial of Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) conducted in Chongqing, China, data from 1273 women was analyzed. We used two criteria to define GWG as insufficient, appropriate or excessive. The first was based on Chinese, Asian, European Body Mass Index (BMI) and US Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. The second was based on the quantiles of GWG of the subjects studied. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, excessive GWG during gestational periods 12–33 weeks and 12 weeks to delivery was linked to the occurrence of large for gestational age (LGA) infants. The 12 weeks to delivery group was linked to the occurrence of macrosomia, and all periods studied (12–33 weeks, 12 weeks to delivery, and 33 weeks to delivery) were associated with an increased incidence of C-section. Insufficient GWG during 12–33 weeks was associated with the occurrence of small gestational age (SGA) infants. Conclusions: Our results support that inappropriate GWG during specific gestational periods was associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in southwestern China. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registration number ChiCTR-IOR-16007700.
Protective Effect of Ganoderma lucidum Spore Powder on Acute Liver Injury in Mice and its Regulation of Gut Microbiota
Authors: Leng Yue , Wang Fang , Chen Changbao , Wan Xilin , Li Xinyang , Wang Huan , Wang Shumin
Published: February 2023

Background: Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (GLSP) has abundant pharmacological activities. However, the difference in the hepatoprotective function of sporoderm-broken and sporoderm-unbroken Ganoderma spore powder has not been studied. This study is the first to investigate the effects of both sporoderm-damaged and sporoderm-intact GLSP on the improvement of acute alcoholic liver injury in mice and gut microbiota of mice. Methods: Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 18 (IL-18), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in liver tissues from mice in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, and histological analysis of liver tissue sections was performed to evaluate the liver-protecting effects of both sporoderm-broken and sporoderm-unbroken GLSP. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing of feces from the bowels of mice was performed to compare the regulatory effects of both sporoderm-broken and sporoderm-unbroken GLSP on the gut microbiota of mice. Results: Compared with those in the 50% ethanol model group (MG), sporoderm-broken GLSP significantly reduced serum AST and ALT levels (p < 0.0001) and the release of the inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α (p < 0.0001), and effectively improved the pathological state of liver cells; sporoderm-unbroken GLSP significantly reduced the ALT content (p = 0.0002) and the release of the inflammatory factors, including IL-1β (p < 0.0001), IL-18 (p = 0.0018), and TNF-α (p = 0.0005), and reduced the serum AST content, but the reduction was not significant; compared with the gut microbiota of the MG, sporoderm-broken GLSP reduced the levels of Verrucomicrobia and Escherichia_Shigella, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidetes, and decreased the abundance levels of harmful bacteria, such as Proteobacteria and Candidatus_Saccharibacteria; sporoderm-unbroken GLSP could reduce the abundance levels of harmful bacteria, such as Verrucomicrobia and Candidatus_Saccharibacteria; and GLSP treatment alleviates the downregulation of the levels of translation, ribosome structure and biogenesis, and lipid transport and metabolism in liver-injured mice; Conclusions: GLSP can alleviate the imbalance of gut microbiota and improve liver injury, and the effect of sporoderm-broken GLSP is better.
SGLT2 Inhibition in Acute Myocardial Infarction—A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Benedikt Martin , Kolesnik Ewald , Sourij Harald , von Lewinski Dirk
Published: February 2023

In heart failure as well as in chronic kidney disease sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have changed the landscape of medical therapy. Originally developed for use in diabetes, an unforeseen cardiovascular benefit extended SGLT2 inhibitor use from antihyperglycemic agents to cardiovascular and renal risk modifying agents. As their benefit in cardiovascular disease is independent from the diabetic state as well as the left ventricular ejection fraction it is the only class of therapy recommended throughout the spectrum of heart failure. Until very recently, the remaining gap in evidence has been data on the safety and efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) as former trials of SGLT2 inhibitors to date have excluded patients with recent ischemic events. As the first out of three trials conducted in post MI SGLT2 inhibitors therapy the EMMY trial was published. EMMY randomized 476 patients shortly after percutaneous intervention for recent large MI to either 10 mg of empagliflozin daily or placebo. The primary endpoint of changes in N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) over 26 weeks as well as the functional and structural secondary endpoints were met. This provides first evidence of SGLT2 inhibitors-mediated beneficial results in this group of patients. We here discuss these results in the light of the two upcoming outcome trials (DAPA-MI and EMPACT-MI) with regard to the future role of this class of drugs early after MI.
Prognostic Impact of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Heavily Calcified Coronary Artery Disease Receiving Rotational Atherectomy
Authors: Jung Jin , Her Sung-Ho , Lee Kyusup , Yoo Ki-Dong , Moon Keon-Woong , Moon Donggyu , Lee Su Nam , Jang Won Young , Choi Ik Jun , Lee Jae-Hwan , Lee Jang Hoon , Lee Sang Rok , Lee Seung-Whan , Yun Kyeong Ho , Lee Hyun-Jong
Published: February 2023

Background: Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) occurs more frequently in patients with heavily calcified lesion and undergoing rotational atherectomy (RA). However, there are limited studies addressing prognostic impact of PMI in patients requiring RA due to severe coronary artery calcification (CAC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prognostic impact of PMI in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using RA. Methods: A total of 540 patients (583 lesions) who received PCI using RA were enrolled between January 2010 and October 2019. PMI was defined as elevations of creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) >10 times the upper limited normal. Patients were divided into a PMI group and a non-PMI group. Primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), a composite of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction, target-vessel revascularization, and cerebrovascular accident. Results: Although in-hospital events occurred more frequently in the PMI group than in the non-PMI group (15 [3.0%] vs. 6 [13.3%], p = 0.005), the incidence of MACCEs at 1 month, 1–12 months, or 12 months failed to show a significant difference between the two groups (1 month, 10 [2.0%] vs. 1 [2.2%], p > 0.999; 1–12 months, 39 [7.9%] vs. 7 [15.6%], p = 0.091; 12 months, 49 [9.9%] vs. 8 [17.8%], p = 0.123). Conclusions: This study shows that PMI after RA in patients with severe CAC was associated with more frequent in-hospital events and a nonsignificant trend for more events during 1 year follow-up.
Overview of Adversarial Attack and Training in Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing
Authors: Yuki Judai
Published: February 2023

Pretrained language models (PLMs) has been widely used in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, demonstrating outstanding performance across tasks and public benchmarks. However, despite the encouraging results in literature, applying pretrained language models to real world application stands as a great challenge due to various constrains. Especially, in natural language understanding (NLU) applications, such as voice assistant, it needs real-time response and has strict constrains on the accuracy, latency, cost and maintenance cycle. In this paper, we presents the challenges to utilize pretrained language models into large scale natural language understanding system and our strategies to customize the pretrained language models for production deployment given the practical constrains.
Eğitim Devrimi İçin Önceden Eğitilmiş Dil Modellerinin Geleceği Üzerine
Authors: Beckford Will
Published: February 2023

Doğal dil işleme (NLP) alanında önceden eğitilmiş dil modellerinin (PLM'ler) kullanımı, çeşitli görevlerde ve genel kıyaslamalarda olağanüstü sonuçlar sergileyerek büyük başarı ile karşılandı. PLM'lerin eğitime entegrasyonu, öğrenme ve öğretme sürecinde devrim yaratma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ancak, bu entegrasyonla birlikte gelebilecek hem olumlu hem de olumsuz etkileri dikkate almak önemlidir. PLM'lerin faydalarının en üst düzeye çıkarılmasını ve olumsuz sonuçlarının en aza indirilmesini sağlamak için, PLM'leri eğitime entegre ederken sorumlu ve dikkatli bir yaklaşım benimsenmelidir. Bu makale, PLM'leri eğitimde kullanmanın faydalarını ve dezavantajlarını kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemekte ve gelecekteki gelişmeler için öngörüler ve düşünceler sunmaktadır.
CABANG ILMU HUKUM
Authors: Fajar Bayu Julia
Published: February 2023

Meyoal disini diartikan mempermasahkan filsafat ilmu hukum dalam dua aspek yaitu pertama apakah filsafat ilmu hukum sama dengan filsafat hukum terletak dalam ranah ilmu ataukah bagian dari filsafat ilmu, kedua titik silang filsafat ilmu hukum dengan filsafat hukum dan perbedaan lingkup kajiannya antara keduanya
Differential expression of CDC20B in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public and published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding cell division cycle 20B, CDC20B, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. CDC20B mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of CDC20B in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. CDC20B expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
Sur l'avenir des modèles de langage pré-entraînés pour la révolution de l'éducation
Authors: Beckford Will
Published: February 2023

L'utilisation de modèles de langage pré-entraînés (PLM) dans le domaine du traitement du langage naturel (TAL) a rencontré beaucoup de succès, présentant des résultats exceptionnels sur diverses tâches et benchmarks publics. L'intégration des PLM dans l'éducation a le potentiel de révolutionner le processus d'apprentissage et d'enseignement. Cependant, il est important de considérer à la fois les impacts positifs et négatifs qui peuvent découler de cette intégration. Pour s'assurer que les avantages des PLM sont maximisés et que les conséquences négatives sont minimisées, une approche responsable et prudente doit être adoptée lors de l'intégration des PLM dans l'éducation. Cet article examine en profondeur les avantages et les inconvénients de l'utilisation des PLM dans l'éducation, et fournit des idées et des considérations pour les développements futurs.
Dreamcast Japanese unveiling event; Racing Lagoon (Supplement I:27)
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: February 2023

Supplement to the Historiography (of computer science and technology)
Toepassing van voorgetrainde taalmodellen in modern financieel onderzoek
Authors: Lee Heungmin
Published: February 2023

In de afgelopen jaren zijn voorgetrainde taalmodellen (PLM's) naar voren gekomen als een krachtig hulpmiddel voor natuurlijke taalverwerkingstaken (NLP). In dit artikel onderzoeken we het potentieel van deze modellen in de financiële sector en de uitdagingen waarmee ze in dit domein worden geconfronteerd. We bespreken ook de interpreteerbaarheid van deze modellen en de ethische overwegingen die gepaard gaan met hun inzet in de financiële wereld. Onze analyse laat zien dat vooraf getrainde taalmodellen het potentieel hebben om de manier waarop financiële gegevens worden geanalyseerd en verwerkt radicaal te veranderen. Het is echter belangrijk om de uitdagingen en ethische overwegingen die gepaard gaan met de inzet ervan aan te pakken om ervoor te zorgen dat ze op een verantwoorde en toerekenbare manier worden gebruikt. Toekomstig onderzoek zal zich richten op het ontwikkelen van modellen die de volatiliteit van financiële gegevens aankunnen, vertekening in de trainingsgegevens verminderen en interpreteerbare voorspellingen geven. Over het algemeen zijn we van mening dat de toekomst van AI in de financiële wereld zal worden bepaald door de voortdurende ontwikkeling en inzet van vooraf getrainde taalmodellen.
Differential expression of OXGR1 in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public and published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding oxoglutarate receptor 1, OXGR1, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. OXGR1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of OXGR1 in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. OXGR1 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
FILSAFAT HUKUM SEBAGAI CITA HUKUM INDONESIA
Authors: Appangallo Wandy
Published: February 2023

Hukum pada hakikatnya merupakan produk penilaian akal budi yang berakar dalam hati-nurani manusia tentang keadilan berkenaan dengan perilaku manusia dan situasi kehidupanmanusia. Penghayatan tentang keadilan memunculkan penilaian bahwa dalam situasikemasyarakatan tertentu orang ”seyogianya” berperilaku dengan cara tertentu. Hukumnasional harus dijiwai oleh Pancasila yang berasaskan semangat kerukunan. Kerukunanmerupakan asas kepatutan. Asas ini juga sebagai asas tentang cara menyelenggarakanhubungan antar-warga masyarakat yang di dalamnya para warga masyarakat diharapkanuntuk berperilaku dalam kepantasan
A Continuous Model of Matter Based on AEONs
Authors: Vegt Wim
Published: February 2023

Within the domain of an electromagnetic model of matter it is supposed in this article that quantum mechanical probability waves are the observed relativistic effects of (auto-) confined electromagnetic waves. A relativistic coupling in the energy domain of the continuity equa?tion results in the $chrOdinger wave equation, while an extended coupling including the momentum domain (observed as "spin n) results in the Dirac equation. It is demonstrated in Sec. 3 that the (relativistic) Dirac equation presumably originates from the Maxwell equations. Within the scope of this electromagnetic model of matter, "light, ~ or more generally, "electromagnetic radiation, ~ is regarded to be the building material of matter, which is effectively an inversion of the idea that light consists of elementary particles (photons). This postulated concept of inversion is extended to particles with a finite rest mass. The stability conditions for electromagnetic self-confinements (EONs) are obtained by the gravitational or electromagnetostatic forces or a combination of them, controlling the confinement.
Sobre o futuro dos modelos de linguagem pré-treinados para a revolução educacional
Authors: Beckford Will
Published: February 2023

O uso de modelos de linguagem pré-treinados (pretrained language models, PLMs) no campo do processamento de linguagem natural (natural language processing, NLP) obteve muito sucesso, exibindo resultados excepcionais em várias tarefas e benchmarks públicos. A integração de PLMs na educação tem o potencial de revolucionar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. No entanto, é importante considerar os impactos positivos e negativos que podem advir dessa integração. Para garantir que os benefícios dos PLMs sejam maximizados e as consequências negativas sejam minimizadas, uma abordagem responsável e cautelosa deve ser adotada ao integrar os PLMs à educação. Este documento examina minuciosamente os benefícios e as desvantagens do uso de PLMs na educação e fornece insights e considerações para desenvolvimentos futuros.
Anwendung vortrainierter Sprachmodelle in der modernen Finanzforschung
Authors: Lee Heungmin
Published: February 2023

In den letzten Jahren haben sich vortrainierte Sprachmodelle (PLMs) zu einem leistungsstarken Werkzeug für Aufgaben der Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache (NLP) entwickelt. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir das Potenzial dieser Modelle im Finanzsektor und die Herausforderungen, denen sie in diesem Bereich gegenüberstehen. Wir diskutieren auch die Interpretierbarkeit dieser Modelle und die ethischen Überlegungen, die mit ihrem Einsatz im Finanzwesen verbunden sind. Unsere Analyse zeigt, dass vortrainierte Sprachmodelle das Potenzial haben, die Art und Weise, wie Finanzdaten analysiert und verarbeitet werden, zu revolutionieren. Es ist jedoch wichtig, die Herausforderungen und ethischen Überlegungen im Zusammenhang mit ihrem Einsatz anzugehen, um sicherzustellen, dass sie auf verantwortungsvolle und nachvollziehbare Weise verwendet werden. Zukünftige Forschung wird sich auf die Entwicklung von Modellen konzentrieren, die mit der Volatilität von Finanzdaten umgehen, Verzerrungen in den Trainingsdaten mindern und interpretierbare Vorhersagen liefern können. Insgesamt glauben wir, dass die Zukunft der KI im Finanzwesen von der kontinuierlichen Entwicklung und dem Einsatz vortrainierter Sprachmodelle geprägt sein wird.
Preservice Teachers’ Epistemic and Achievement Emotions When Confronted With Common Misconceptions About Education
Authors: Berweger Belinda , Kracke Bärbel , Dietrich Julia
Published: February 2023

Learning processes that involve cognitive incongruity are closely tied to emotional experiences such as curiosity or confusion. The present study examined how discovering that a confidently held misconception is incorrect influences emotions and in turn the motivation to seek additional information. We asked 275 preservice teachers to judge if common statements about education were true or false and provided feedback about whether these statements were supported by scientific evidence. Following feedback, we assessed study participants’ real-time (i.e., state-level) epistemic emotions (surprise, curiosity, enjoyment, confusion, frustration, anxiety) and achievement emotions (anger, pride) produced by high-confidence errors (i.e., incorrect answers a person was confident in). We further examined whether providing additional information helped participants to resolve their discrepancy and to what extent emotions promoted participants’ subsequent knowledge exploration. Our findings showed that participants were more surprised, curious, confused and angry in situations they found out a confidently held misconception was incorrect (i.e., after a high-confidence error) compared to misconceptions held with low confidence. Furthermore, participants reported more enjoyment in situations where they could resolve the discrepancy, and they were frustrated when resolution of a discrepancy seemed impossible. In contrast to achievement-related anger and pride, participants’ surprise, curiosity, confusion and anxiety was associated with the exploration of knowledge. Finally, we tested whether the intra-individual effects would differ across individuals, but we found no evidence for such inter-individual differences. Directions for future research and practical implications are discussed.
The Impact of Implicit Bias-Oriented Diversity Training on Police Officers' Beliefs, Motivations, and Actions
Authors: Lai Calvin K. , Lisnek Jaclyn Arielle
Published: February 2023

U.S. police departments have attempted to address racial inequities in policing with diversity training. However, there is little evaluation about whether these trainings are effective at changing officers' beliefs, motivations, and actions. To examine their efficacy, we tested a daylong implicit bias-oriented diversity training that sought to increase U.S. police officers' knowledge of biases, concerns about bias, and use of evidence-based strategies to mitigate bias (total N = 3,764). Relative to baseline, the training was immediately effective at increasing knowledge about bias, concerns about bias, and intentions to address bias. However, the effects were fleeting. Although the training was linked to higher knowledge for at least one month, it was ineffective at durably increasing concerns or strategy use. These findings suggest that diversity trainings as they are currently practiced are unlikely to change police behavior. We conclude with theorizing about what organizations and training programs could do for greater impact.
The Promises and Possibilities of Artificial Intelligence in the Delivery of Behavior Analytic Services
Authors: Cox David J. , Jennings Adrienne
Published: February 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to impact nearly every aspect of our daily lives and nearly every industry and profession. Many readers of this journal likely work in one or more areas of behavioral health. For readers who work in behavioral health and who are interested in AI, the purpose of this article is to highlight the pervasiveness of AI research being conducted around many facets of behavioral health service delivery. To do this, we first provide a brief overview of some of the areas within AI and the types of problems each area of AI attempts to solve. We then outline the prototypical client journey in behavioral healthcare beginning with diagnosis/assessment and ending with intervention withdrawal or ongoing monitoring. Next, for each stage in the client journey, we highlight several areas that parallel existing behavior analytic practice where researchers have begun to use AI, often to improve the efficiency of service delivery or to learn new things that improve the effectiveness of behavioral health services. Finally, for those whose appetite has been whet for getting involved with AI, we close by describing three roles they might consider trying out and that parallel the three main domains of behavior analysis. These three roles are an AI tool designer (akin to EAB), AI tool implementer (akin to ABA), or AI tool supporter (akin to practice).
Assessment of goal-directed behavior and prospective memory in adult ADHD with an online 3D videogame simulating everyday tasks
Authors: Jylkkä Jussi
Published: February 2023

The diagnosis of ADHD is based on real-life attentional-executive deficits, but they are harder to detect in adults than in children and objective quantitative measures reflecting these everyday problems are lacking. We developed an online version of EPELI 3D videogame for naturalistic and scalable assessment of goal-directed action and prospective memory in adult ADHD. In EPELI, participants perform instructed everyday chores in a virtual apartment from memory. Our pre-registered hypothesis predicted weaker EPELI performances in adult ADHD compared to controls. The sample comprised 112 adults with ADHD and 255 neurotypical controls comparable in age (mean 31, SD = 8 years), gender distribution (71% females) and educational level. Using web-browser, the participants performed EPELI and other cognitive tasks, including Conner’s Continuous Performance Test (CPT). They also filled out questionnaires probing everyday executive performance and kept a five-day diary of everyday prospective memory errors. Self-reported strategy use in the EPELI game was also examined. The ADHD participants’ self-ratings indicated clearly more everyday executive problems than in the controls. Differences in the EPELI game were mostly seen in the ADHD participants’ higher rates of task-irrelevant actions. Gender differences and a group × gender interaction was found in the number of correctly performed tasks, indicating poorer performance particularly in ADHD males. Discriminant validity of EPELI was similar to CPT. Strategy use strongly predicted EPELI performance in both groups. The results demonstrate the feasibility of EPELI for online assessment and highlight the role of impulsivity as a distinctive everyday life problem in adult ADHD.
Multisensory Integration Processing in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Brizzi Giulia , Sansoni Maria , Di Lernia Daniele , Tuena Cosimo , Riva Giuseppe
Published: February 2023

Patients with Anorexia (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) consistently reveal an altered body experience. Body experience results from a multisensory integration process (MSI) where information from different sensory domains and spatial frames of reference are combined into a unique and coherent percept. This systematic review aimed to investigate MSI in AN and BN to observe whether these conditions are characterized by alterations in this process. Thus, we revised studies evaluating the behavioral dimension of MSI or its neuro-functional and structural underpinnings in ANand BN. PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web Of Sciences databases were used to search for relevant articles. From 911 articles, 12 papers matched the inclusion criteria.Behavioral studies consistently showed MSI impairments in AN across modalities, however, no studies were found specifically focused on BN. Neuroimaging and neurofunctional studies showed both alterations in the grey matter volume overall in the brain, and modifications across the whole brain, with noticeable changes at the level of the parietal regions in patients with AN. No significant cortical differences werefound between BN and healthy controls. Results suggest MSI deficits in AN; further research is needed to deeper understand MSI in BN since only one included studyfocused on this condition.
Target detection does not influence temporal memory
Authors: Wang Yuxi Candice , Egner Tobias
Published: February 2023

Target detection has been found to enhance memory for concurrently presented stimuli under dual-task conditions. This “attentional boost effect” is reminiscent of findings in the event memory literature, where conditions giving rise to event boundaries have been shown to enhance memory for boundary items. Target detection commonly requires a working memory update (e.g., adding to a covert mental target count), which is also thought to be a key contributor to creating event boundaries. However, whether target detection impacts temporal memory in similar ways as event boundaries remains unknown, because these two parallel literatures have used different types of memory tests, making direct comparisons difficult. In a pre-registered experiment with sequential Bayes factor design, we examined whether target detection influences temporal binding between items by inserting target and non-target stimuli during encoding of trial-unique object images, then comparing subsequent temporal order and distance memory for image pairs that span a target or non-target. We found that target detection enhanced recognition memory for target trial images but had no effect on temporal binding between items. In a follow-up experiment, we showed that when the encoding task required updating of task set rather than target count, event segmentation-related temporal memory effects were observed. These results document that target detection as such does not disrupt inter-item associations in memory, and that attention orienting in the absence of updating task sets does not create event boundaries. This suggests a key distinction between declarative and procedural working memory updates in segmenting events in memory.
Folgen der Inflation in Deutschland
Authors: Jacobsen Jannes , Dollmann Jörg , Köhler Jonas , Lietz Almuth , Mayer Sabrina Jasmin , Siegel Madeleine
Published: February 2023

Die Inflation in Deutschland ist in den vergangen 12 Monaten stark angestiegen. Auf Basis des DeZIM.panels gehen wird den Fragen nach, inwieweit sich die Menschen in Deutschland hiervon betroffen fühlen sowie finanzielle Sorgen aufgrund der Inflation äußern. Insbesondere schauen wir auf Unterschiede zwischen Personen mit und ohne deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft sowie auf Unterschiede zwischen Personen, die mit und ohne Kinder im Haushalt leben. Unsere Analysen zeigen, dass rund 70 Prozent der Befragten die aktuelle Höhe der Inflation kennen. Weitere 40 Prozent geben an, von der Inflation stark betroffen zu sein und jede*r Vierte äußert große finanzielle Sorgen aufgrund der Inflation. Die Betroffenheit sowie Sorgen sind allerdings ungleich verteilt. So äußern Menschen ohne deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft sowohl eine signifikant stärkere Betroffenheit als auch signifikant größere Sorgen. Das gleiche gilt für Personen, die mit Kindern im Haushalt leben. Die Analysen stützen politische Forderungen nach gezielten Entlastungen beispielsweise durch die Senkung der Mehrwertsteuer auf Produkte für Säuglinge und Kleinkinder. Ebenso müssen Personen ohne deutschen Pass gezielt angesprochen und auf Hilfen hingewiesen werden, um die Belastungen durch die Inflation zu senken.
Double doughnut sign in dengue encephalitis
Authors: Sharma Sachit , Shrestha Gentle Sunder
Published: February 2023

No Abstract available.
INNOVATION AND ACTIVITY ENVIRONMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AS A LEADING FACTOR IN THE CREATION OF INNOVATIVE STUDENT CULTURE
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Kurok Vira , Hritchenko Anatoliy ,   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the theoretical and scientific-methodical aspects of the issue of creating the student’s innovative culture in the innovative activity environment of a higher education institution. Attention is drawn to the main differences in innovative education, its leading functions, and key concepts. The justified necessity and the main requirements for the optimization of the innovative activity environment of a higher education institution, which objectively or subjectively acts on the student with the help of pedagogically controlled action and includes a set of interacting objects united by functional connections. The main principles of the system approach to innovative activity have been highlighted.
DUAL FORM OF HIGHER EDUCATION: HOW THE QUESTION IS BEING SOLVED
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Miliutina Olha , Chaika Olena ,   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University
Published: February 2023

У статті розглянуто зміст і сутність дуальної форми навчання на підставі теоретичного аналізу вітчизняних і зарубіжних наукових праць та нормативних документів. Основну увагу зосереджено на узагальненні зарубіжного й вітчизняного досвіду реалізації системи дуальної освіти та обґрунтуванні необхідності впровадження дуальної форми здобуття освіти як важливої складової якісної підготовки конкурентоспроможних фахівців для вітчизняного ринку праці. Визначено характерні особливості дуальної освіти як інноваційної форми організації навчального процесу в закладах вищої освіти; акцентовано на важливій ролі практичної підготовки компетентного фахівця. Зроблено висновок про те, що дуальна освіта – практико-орієнтоване навчання з обов’язковими періодами виробничого навчання й виробничої практики, яке впроваджується на базі підприємств, установ, організацій і побудоване на підґрунті соціального партнерства.
Artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica: una causa poco común, pero potencialmente mortal de fiebre de origen desconocido
Authors: Padilla Ureña Yirlany , Cascante Gutiérrez Allison , Arriola Gutiérrez Jordan G.
Published: February 2023

La fiebre de origen desconocido (FUO por sus siglas en inglés) supone un gran desafío para el personal médico ya que su abordaje implica una gran gama de diagnósticos diferenciales. Las principales causas son infecciosas, neoplásicas y reumatológicas, siendo las más frecuentes las causas infecciosas. Dentro de las causas reumatológicas, la artritis idiopática juvenil (JIA por sus siglas en inglés) representa la principal causa de FUO de origen reumatológico. Una variante infrecuente, pero altamente mortal, es la artritis idiopática juvenil sistémica.

Fisiopatológicamente, la JIA sistémica (sJIA por sus siglas en inglés) se caracteriza por activación de células del sistema inmune innato, siendo el papel de la respuesta inmune adaptativa, limitado en este enfermedad. Dentro del espectro clínico, la fiebre, la artritis, la erupción cutánea y las linfadenopatías son las manifestaciones más comúnes al diagnóstico. Como es de esperar, la sJIA es un diagnóstico de exclusión y el hallazgo clave es la combinación de fiebre con patrón cotidiano y artritis, sin embargo, son signos poco específicos y ameritará de un extenso ejercicio de diagnósticos diferenciales.

En cuanto al tratamiento, el entendimiento de la fisiopatología de la enfermedad ha permitido el desarrollo de terapias biológicas dirigidas que, según la evidencia y práctica actual, reducen la morbimortalidad de la enfermedad.
FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR MANAGING EXPORT-IMPORT OPERATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Bushovska Lesia , Poplavska Olha , Yadukha Sergey
Published: February 2023

The article highlights the conditions that determine the need to develop a mechanism for managing export-import operations and its importance in ensuring the economic security of enterprises. A number of scientific works have been characterized, in which the aspects of managing export-import operations and the tools for ensuring the economic security of enterprises have been investigated, in particular based on the interests of the development of foreign economic activity. Carrying out export and import operations of enterprises is a complex process of interaction and mutual influence of multidirectional factors, which requires the implementation of mechanisms as a result of which it is possible to achieve coordination of material, financial, labour, information and other resources at a certain time and in a certain space and ensure sufficient security and safety. The complex of tasks that must be solved in the development of export-import activity and the implementation of the management mechanism, which provides for its provision and the economic security of the enterprise in general, is emphasized. The components of the mechanism for managing export-import operations in the system of ensuring the economic security of enterprises are determined. It has been proven that the formation of a mechanism for managing export-import operations requires the implementation of a wide range of measures and compliance with a number of principles, conditions, etc. in order for enterprises to achieve a sufficient level of management efficiency and economic security. There are a significant number of forms and types of management, and therefore mechanisms for their adjustment and improvement, and this allows for the formation of separate mechanisms that will take into account the peculiarities of economic activity, market conditions, the state of the country's economy, and the influence of globalization factors or world economic trends. The elements of the formation of the mechanism for managing export-import operations in the system of ensuring the economic security of enterprises have been determined. It was concluded that the mechanism of managing export-import operations should be considered as a system characteristic of interrelated actions through which it is possible to solve a number of tasks that allow to ensure a sufficient level of competitiveness and economic security of the enterprise.
STRATEGIC GUIDELINES FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF EXPORT-IMPORT OPERATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Lopatovskyi Viktor , Novitskyi Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

The peculiarities of export-import operations and their role in the development and ensuring the economic security of enterprises are determined. Scientific approaches to the organization of export-import operations of enterprises are summarized. The types of strategic policy for increasing the efficiency of export-import operations in the system of ensuring the economic security of enterprises are identified: innovative; diversified; international; globalization; cooperative The importance of the formation of organizational, institutional, financial and credit and other prerequisites for enterprises to achieve the necessary level of efficiency of export-import operations has been proven. The means of increasing the efficiency of export-import operations in the system of ensuring the economic security of enterprises include the development of logistics relations, the implementation of currency risk insurance practices, the improvement of product supply schemes, and the establishment of continuous transport support. Strategic guidelines for increasing the efficiency of export-import operations in the system of ensuring the economic security of enterprises have been determined, which are proposed to be divided into different levels based on priority and expected future trends. It was emphasized that the list of strategic tasks and goals of enterprises should constantly change and be oriented to short-term changes in the market, the country’s economy, and the global environment. Increasing the efficiency of export-import operations of enterprises depends on a significant number of factors, which, moreover, change rapidly, and for this it is necessary, first of all, to form an internal organizational management system that will successfully carry out a complete design of the trends of internal and external markets, the globalization environment, etc. The importance of legislative-legal, normative-methodical, institutional-organizational and other support, which corresponds to modern world standards and is constantly improving and becoming quite attractive for the development of export-import and other areas of economic activity, has been proven.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS
Authors: Bahin Myhailo
Published: February 2023

The paper substantiates the theoretical and methodological principles of evaluating the efficiency of agricultural land use. The purpose of regulating land use and agricultural production is substantiated, the essence of which is to ensure national food security and preserve and improve agroecosystems as the most important component of the natural and economic potential of the country as a whole. In the context of the specified goal, the principles of effective use of agricultural land resources are defined. It was established that the effectiveness of the agricultural land management system at the micro level reflects a number of indicators and criteria, which are divided into economic, ecological and social. It is substantiated that the principle of rational use and protection of land resources now acquires special importance from the standpoint of maximizing the final results of economic activity of land users. It has been established that the promising areas of agricultural land use include: the development of an adaptive landscape system of agriculture that meets the needs of society, the requirements of agricultural crops, natural conditions, the level of production and the requirements of minimal risk of contamination of products and the environment; the use of resource-saving technologies based on cost reduction through minimal tillage, the use of a new generation of agricultural machines and aggregates; carrying out an inventory of agricultural lands; increasing the professionalism of workers involved in the production of agricultural products; creation of conditions for preservation and effective use of especially valuable productive agricultural lands, establishment of their boundaries; implementation of measures to restore and preserve the reclamation complex in the regions.