bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexor tendon pulley injuries in climbing: causes, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Pach Magdalena , Nowak Agnieszka , Michalczewska Aneta , Fugas Agnieszka , Wierzejska Natalia , Chmielowiec Zuzanna , Partyka Alicja , Dziedzic Mariola , Smykiewicz Karolina , Dobrzańska Justyna
Published: April 2024

Finger flexor pulley injuries are the most common overuse injuries sustained by climbers. These injuries are caused by forceful gripping techniques specific to climbing, making them uncommon in non-climbing activities. With the growing popularity of climbing, there is a rising need for accurate diagnosis and improved treatment methods. This paper explores current diagnostic techniques, including physical examination, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. It also discusses treatment options, which range from conservative rehabilitation to surgery, depending on the severity of the injury. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of injury prevention through proper warm-up and avoiding excessive strain.
Stammering in children
Authors: Noakes Amy
Published: April 2024

Amy Noakes looks at how health visitors can support children and families with timely and effective therapy strategies beneficial to children who stammer
The role of specialist pharmacists in diabetes care
Authors: Davies Claire
Published: April 2024

In the clinical arena of diabetes, pharmacists have forged their niche in a variety of roles adapted to services across the country. Although with specialist nurses, podiatrists and other multidisciplinary members well established, it could be said that pharmacists are a bit late to the game in diabetes care. This article will discuss the role of specialist pharmacists in diabetes care, the challenges and opportunities, including why every team caring for people living with diabetes would benefit from a pharmacist, and consider what the future may hold for pharmacists in diabetes care.
On the Security of Key-Aggregate Searchable Encryption
Authors: Wen Jing , Li Haifeng , Lan Caihui
Published: April 2024

The sharing of encrypted data in cloud computing is an essential functionality with countless applications in our everyday life. However, the issue of how to securely, efficiently and flexibly share encrypted data in multi-user settings has not been well solved. As a promising and elegant technique, the key-aggregate searchable encryption (KASE) scheme can efficiently support selective sharing of a large number of documents with a set of users using only a single, constant-size authorization key (i.e., the aggregated key). However, by conducting cryptanalysis on existing KASE schemes, we classify the attack methods into two types: offline keyword guessing attacks and authorization abuse. For the former attacks, we first employ the known keyword guessing attack methods to cryptanalyze several existing KASE schemes. Furthermore, we propose two novel keyword guessing attack methods, namely (1) Keyword guessing attack by modifying ciphertext and (2) Keyword guessing attack by constructing verification equation. For the latter attacks, we first utilized the known authorization abuse attack methods to cryptanalyze several existing KASE schemes. Furthermore, we develop a novel attack method in which the attacker can independently upgrade their own authorization and gain enhanced search privileges without colluding with multiple authorized users.
Internet of Things Security Design Based on Blockchain and Identity Re-encryption
Authors: Yang Lin
Published: April 2024

With the development of IoT technology, IoT devices have penetrated various fields, such as smart homes, industrial automation, healthcare, etc. However, the security issues of IoT devices have always troubled people. Attackers can use various means to attack IoT devices, such as stealing data, tampering with programs, malware infection, etc. These attack methods will bring great losses to users. In response to the above issues, this study uses proxy re-encryption technology to transform data collected by IoT devices into ciphertext. Then, it stores the encrypted IoT data on the blockchain. The combination of blockchain and proxy re-encryption technologies offers a method for the secure sharing of IoT data. The experimental results show that whether the algorithm encrypts a small or large amount of data, the encryption time is relatively short, and the time consumption does not exceed 15 ms. When encrypting 8196 bytes of data, its encryption time is 50% lower than the Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) algorithm. The proposed IoT data security sharing method has the advantages of high security, fast encryption speed, and good stability, which helps to improve the security performance of the IoT and provides a new approach to IoT security.
Optimization of Network Security Intelligent Early Warning System Based on Image Matching Technology of Partial Differential Equation
Authors: Wang Huan , Li Xin
Published: April 2024

In order to effectively avoid network information leakage and computer network paralysis, and improve the ability of computer network security early warning, it is necessary to design a computer network security intelligent early warning system based on network behavior. Security warning is considered as the second defense mechanism behind the firewall. It can monitor and warn the network without affecting the network performance, so as to provide real-time protection for external attacks, internal attacks and misoperations, and improve the network security. This paper designs an intelligent early warning system for network security based on partial differential equation image matching technology. The system adopts B/S development mode, and the server and browser are located in the campus network. Data fusion technology is used to assess network security, predict potential threats, and add new intrusion features to the feature database for subsequent use. In this paper, a target matching algorithm based on partial differential equation is proposed by using partial differential equation. The algorithm calculates the phase difference through the algebraic combination of orthogonal filter outputs. For scenes with continuous disparity changes, the error matching rate of this algorithm is lower than that of Michael Bleyer algorithm and vertical constraint algorithm. In general, the disparity map generated by this algorithm has high matching accuracy. The results show that the distribution of alarm information is reasonable and in line with the actual situation.
Music Curriculum Research Using a Large Language Model, Cloud Computing and Data Mining Technologies
Authors: Shang Yuting
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a method to enhance the scientific nature of the music curriculum model by integrating a large language model, cloud computing and data mining technology for the analysis of the music teaching curriculum model. To maintain the integrity of the mixing matrix while employing the frequency hopping frequency, the paper suggests dividing the mixing matrix into a series of sub-matrices along the vertical time axis. This approach transforms wideband music signal processing into a narrowband processing problem. Additionally, two hybrid matrix estimation algorithms are proposed in this paper using underdetermined conditions. Furthermore, utilizing the estimated mixing matrix and the detected time-frequency support domain, the paper employs the subspace projection algorithm for underdetermined blind separation of music signals in the time-frequency domain. This procedure, along with the integration of the estimated direction of arrival (DoA), enables the completion of frequency-hopping network station music signal sorting. Extensive simulation teaching demonstrates that the music curriculum model proposed in this paper, based on a large language model, cloud computing and data mining technologies, significantly enhances the quality of modern music teaching.
Advancing the labour rights of migrant workers beyond Kafala: the impact of ‘established-outsider relations’ on reforming Qatar’s transnational labour management system
Authors: Piper Nicola , Saraswathi Vani
Published: April 2024

In the years following Qatar’s successful 2010 bid to host the FIFA World Cup 2022, there has been a significant shift in its engagement with the migrant labour rights discourse, and subsequent embarkment on significant reforms as the result of intense international scrutiny and advocacy action. The core feature of Qatar’s historically evolved transnational labour management system, Kafala, has become a key focal point of international advocacy efforts. The objective of this article is to assess the extent to which the reforms constitute a break in Qatar’s historical (that is, pre-FIFA 2022) labour management system, and thus a meaningful disruption to the social reproduction regime that allowed the Kafala system to persist. We do so by probing the institutionalisation of those reforms, with a particular focus on the agency of labour through collective worker empowerment. Drawing on interviews with key transnational actors involved in the reform process in situ, we employ the ‘established-outsider’ relations concept in our analysis of the reforms, while highlighting the remaining challenges. Our ultimate argument is that although the reforms in Qatar seek to provide more labour rights and protections, they fall short of loosening the absolute control of sponsors (kafeels) over their employees. This is due to two main reasons: the absence of strong and effective institutions to convert the legal reforms into rights in practice; and the fact that laws outside of the labour ministry, that fall under the jurisdiction of the interior ministry, are the foundation of the relationship between citizens and migrants and remain largely untouched. These double-edged limitations guarantee the social reproduction of the highly unequal labour mobility system by firmly keeping in place ‘established-outsider’ relations.
Measurement of light absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter using a type-II liquid capillary waveguide: assessment of an achievable accuracy
Authors: Röttgers Rüdiger , Novak Michael G. , Belz Mathias
Published: April 2024

Light absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the ocean is often measured using liquid waveguide capillary cells coupled to spectral array detectors. This type of optical setup is affected by several sources of uncertainties related to the waveguide and the detector. Uncertainties from the waveguide arise from errors in the effective path length and the effects of water salinity, while errors related to the detector are due to the non-linearity in the response, internal stray light, and wavelength accuracy. Here, uncertainties in the measurements of the spectral absorption coefficient of CDOM due to the optical setup itself were investigated in detail. The related systematic errors were very often significant (2–15%) and larger than expected from simple measurement uncertainty (±1%). However, they can be corrected by characterizing the detector’s response for non-linearity and stray light, regularly performing calibrations for the detector’s wavelength response, and routinely measuring the waveguide’s effective path length. Including such corrections and timely calibrations reduces the uncertainties related to the spectrophotometric measurements to about ±2%. Uncertainties related to the necessary handling of samples are not included here.
Experimental investigations on an FSO-fiber converged communication system under fog and turbulence
Authors: Lalani Champalal , Mathur Aashish , Bhatia Nitin
Published: April 2024

This paper presents experimental results for a free-space optical-fiber converged (FSO-FC) communication system under varying turbulence and foggy conditions. Based on the experimental measurements, we statistically characterize the FSO channel under different levels of turbulence and fog in terms of their respective probability density functions (PDFs). Our experimental PDFs fit well with the theoretical PDFs proposed in the literature. We experimentally evaluate the average bit error rate (ABER) of the considered FSO-FC communication system under different levels of turbulence and fog. Further, to compensate for the effects of turbulence and fog, we use multimode fiber as the receiver and compare the results with single-mode fiber as the receiver. Finally, we show the improvement in ABER under varying turbulence and fog by adding cyclic redundancy check bits to data bits.
High precision 3 × 3 coupler demodulation algorithm with an additional phase shift judgment module
Authors: Pan Shumin , Ge Qiang , Zhang Gang , Xiao Jian , Xu Dingli , Yu Benli
Published: April 2024

Ellipse fitting algorithms (EFAs) have been widely used in 3×3 coupler demodulation systems to reduce the requirement for symmetry of the 3×3 couplers. Based on the relative stability of the splitting ratio and phase difference after the establishment of the 3×3 coupler demodulation system, we solve the problem that EFA fails to work when the stimulating signal is small. Depending on the existence of a symmetry point about the origin, an additional phase shift judgment module is used to determine whether the Lissajous figure is larger than π rad. If the elliptical arc exceeds π rad, the EFA is executed. Otherwise, the previous parameters are used to correct the ellipse. Parameters are updated in real time to ensure high precision. The experimental results show that the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the ameliorated algorithm is improved by 1.28% compared to the EFA without the judgment module with a stimulus amplitude of 30 mV. The proposed scheme can effectively improve the dynamic range of the 3×3 coupler demodulation to reach 125.64 dB @ 1 kHz and 1% THD. The algorithm ensures the effective operation of the EFA under small phase shift conditions and improves the accuracy of phase demodulation.
Automatic generation method for long-focal-length unobscured freeform optical systems with small volume
Authors: Sun Yiwei , Wei Yangjie , Di Xinyu , Zhao Ji
Published: April 2024

The existing design methods for long-focal-length unobscured freeform systems rarely consider the imaging quality requirements and volume constraints simultaneously, causing most of the final designs to not fulfill the requirement of light weight. This study proposes a method to automatically design a long-focal-length unobscured reflective system that satisfies volume constraints while maintaining high imaging quality. First, a method to adaptively set the structural parameter range is proposed, and multiple parameters for different systemic specifications can be effectively calculated within it. Subsequently, the systemic volume and area functions are constructed using the ray tracing method, where the tilt angles, distances between mirrors, and radii of curvature of the mirrors are chosen as the optimization parameters. Third, a comprehensive objective function is jointly established combining ray obscuration and convergence as performance evaluation factors. Then, the structural parameters of a long-focal-length unobscured system with small volume are easily obtained via the simulated annealing method. Finally, the improved W-W method is used to further enhance the imaging quality of the system, and an unobscured freeform reflective optical system with three mirrors is automatically generated. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can automatically calculate the parameter ranges to facilitate the search for structural parameters, and effectively design the long-focal-length unobscured freeform systems with small volume and high imaging quality.
Dual-polarization MZM-based photonic nonlinear analog self-interference cancellation for in-band full-duplex radios
Authors: Lee Joungmoon , Park Jinwoo , Ha Inho , Han Sang-Kook
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we propose a dual-polarization Mach-Zehnder modulator-based photonic nonlinear analog self-interference cancellation (SIC) technique for in-band full duplex (IBFD) systems. By using the proposed technique, an arbitrary 4th order nonlinear transfer function can be generated, meaning the performance limitation caused by the nonlinearity of the analog SIC circuit can be overcome by imitating the nonlinear transfer function of the analog SIC circuit before cancellation. This paper also presents a performance analysis through simulations and the results of a proof-of-concept demonstration. In the experiment, the proposed nonlinear SIC technique could achieve 29 dB cancellation over 500 MHz bandwidth centered at 1.25 GHz frequency along various degree of distortion caused by nonlinearity. In addition, the performance enhancements achieved by the proposed technique are evaluated in terms of error vector magnitudes (EVMs) and constellations of the signal-of-interest (SOI) in the simulation which is based on the experimental SIC results. More than 3 dB of SOI power gain could be obtained in evaluated EVM performances.
Analysis of extreme ultraviolet radiation and hydrodynamics simulation at the core of laser-produced nickel plasmas
Authors: He Siqi , Min Qi , Wu Yanhong , Liu Xingbang , He Chaowei , Cao Shiquan , Pan Qikun , Guo Jin , Chen Fei , Zhang Denghong , Su Maogen , Dong Chenzhong
Published: April 2024

The non-uniformity and transient nature of laser-produced plasma are critical factors that affect the analysis of the extreme ultraviolet spectra of highly charged ions and the diagnosis of plasma states. This paper systematically investigates the characteristics of extreme ultraviolet radiation and the hydrodynamic evolution of laser-produced nickel plasmas from two perspectives: high-spatio-temporal-resolution extreme-ultraviolet spectroscopic measurement and radiation hydrodynamics simulation. The consistency between the four-band experimental spectra and their theoretically simulated spectra confirms the accuracy of the atomic structure parameters and plasma state parameters. We also analyze the significant contribution of the 3d-4f double-excited state radiation to the spectral profile and discuss the influence of the self-absorption caused by plasma opacity on the characteristics of extreme ultraviolet radiation. The findings are crucial for accurately understanding the characteristics of extreme ultraviolet radiation, the hydrodynamic evolution, and the application of medium- and high-Z laser-produced plasma as a pulsed short-wavelength light source.
Development of broadband high efficiency Mid-IR gratings for high-energy ultrafast lasers
Authors: Chen Trevor B. , Liu Bangzhi , McCoy Jake A. , Lavallee Guy , Labella Michael , Mahony William , Miller Shane , Eichfeld Chad , Jiang Naibo , Hsu Paul S.
Published: April 2024

Broadband high-efficiency diffraction gratings play a crucial role in the pulse stretcher and compressor of high-energy ultrafast lasers. Nevertheless, conventional grating manufacturing techniques, including mechanical ruling and holographic recording, face challenges in creating accurate blazed groove profiles necessary for the fabrication of broadband, high-efficiency mid-infrared gratings. In this work, we utilized combined electron-beam lithography and anisotropic wet etching technology to fabricate nearly perfect blazed grooves, producing high efficiency broadband mid-infrared (IR) grating for 4.3 µm 100 femtosecond laser. Global optimization was performed to achieve a design of > 90% efficiency over spectral range of 3.6 µm – 6.6 µm. Hybrid metal-dielectric coating (Au-Al2O3) is employed and optimized to minimize absorption and to enhance diffraction efficiency and laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT). Prototype gratings undergo testing at a desired application wavelengths of 4.3 µm in a tunable range of 0.2 µm, revealing that the optimal sample achieves a diffraction efficiency of 92%, closely approaching the theoretical value of 94.2%
Beyond Order: Random, Aperiodic, and Hyperuniform Photonic Materials: introduction to the special issue
Authors: Negro Luca Dal , Cao Hui , Filoche Marcel , Schulz Sebastian A. , Vignolini Silvia , Wiersma Diederik S.
Published: April 2024

The editors introduce the feature issue on “Beyond Order: Random, Aperiodic, and Hyperuniform Photonic Materials,” which includes nine articles.
Bound-state-in-continuum guided modes in a multilayer electro-optically active photonic integrated circuit platform
Authors: Han Kyunghun , LeBrun Thomas W. , Aksyuk Vladimir A.
Published: April 2024

In many physical systems, the interaction with an open environment leads to energy dissipation and reduced coherence, making it challenging to control these systems effectively. In the context of wave phenomena, such lossy interactions can be specifically controlled to isolate the system, a condition known as a bound-state-in-continuum (BIC). Despite the recent advances in engineered BICs for photonic waveguiding, practical implementations are still largely polarization- and geometry-specific, and the underlying principles remain to be systematically explored. Here, we theoretically and experimentally study low-loss BIC photonic waveguiding within a two-layer heterogeneous electro-optically active integrated photonic platform. We show that coupling to the slab wave continuum can be selectively suppressed for guided modes with different polarizations and spatial structure. We demonstrate a low-loss same-polarization quasi-BIC guided mode enabling a high extinction Mach–Zehnder electro-optic amplitude modulator within a single Si3N4 ridge waveguide integrated with an extended LiNbO3 slab layer. By elucidating the broad BIC waveguiding principles and demonstrating them in an industry-relevant photonic configuration, this work may inspire innovative approaches to photonic applications such as switching and filtering. The broader impact of this work extends beyond photonics, influencing research in other wave dynamics disciplines, including microwave and acoustics.
Manipulation of low-refractive-index particles using customized dark traps
Authors: He Minru , Liang Yansheng , Yun Xue , Wang Shaowei , Zhao Tianyu , Guo Linquan , Zhang Xinyu , Kuang Shiqi , Chen Jinxiao , Lei Ming
Published: April 2024

Low-refractive-index particles play significant roles in physics, drug delivery, biomedical science, and other fields. However, they have not attained sufficient utilization in active manipulation due to the repulsive effect of light. In this work, the establishment of customized dark traps is demonstrated to fulfill the demands of versatile manipulation of low-refractive-index particles. The customized dark traps are generated by assembling generalized perfect optical vortices based on the free lens modulation method, by which the beams’ shape, intensity, and position can be elaborately designed with size independent of topological charge. Using the customized dark traps with high quality and high efficiency, rotation along arbitrary trajectories with controllable speed, parallel manipulation, and sorting of low-refractive-index particles by size can be realized. With unprecedented flexibility and quality, the customized dark traps provide tremendous potential in optical trapping, lithography, and biomedicine.
Zitral, kannabidiol eta laktoferrinaren konbinazioa flukonazolarekin Candida spp.ak sortutako infekzioak tratatzeko estrategia berri gisa
Authors: De-la-Fuente Iñigo , Guridi Andrea , Cartón Juan Daniel , Tamayo Esther , De-la-Pinta Iker , Quindós Guillermo , Eraso Elena , Sevillano Elena
Published: April 2024

Farmakoekiko erresistenteak diren Candidaren isolamenduak eragindako kandidiasiaren intzidentziak gora egin du, eta horrek heriotza-tasa handiagoak ekartzeaz gain tratamendu-arazoak inplikatzen ditu, alternatiba terapeutiko berrien beharra areagotuz. Etorkizun handiko estrategietako bat farmako antifungikoak, hala nola flukonazola, eta berez jarduera antifungikorik erakusten ez duten beste konposatu batzuk konbinatzean datza, efektu sinergikoak lortzeko asmoz. Lan honen helburua flukonazola zitralarekin, kannabidiolarekin eta laktoferrinarekin konbinatzea izan zen, Candida espezieen aurka aktibitate antimikrobianoa aztertzeko. Aktibitatea xake-taularen metodoaren bidez ebaluatu zen, eta interakzioa, kontzentrazio inhibitzaile zatikatuaren indizea kalkulatuz. Konposatu guztiek flukonazolaren kontzentrazio minimo inhibitzailea murriztea lortu zuten, nahiz eta desberdintasunak egon espezieen arabera. Efektu sinergikoak detektatu ziren zitralarekin eta laktoferrinarekin (Candidaren 2 eta 3 isolamendu desberdinetan, hurrenez hurren) eta gehigarria zitralarekin, kannabidiolarekin eta laktoferrinarekin (Candidaren isolamendu bakarrean, 2 desberdinetan eta bakarrean, hurrenez hurren).
Desigualdad económica y participación política en España, 1834-1890
Authors: Montañés Primicia Enrique
Published: April 2024

Este texto pretende mostrar que los censos electorales del régimen liberal censitario entre 1835 y 1890 pueden ser una interesante fuente no solo para estudiar la evolución de la desigualdad política, medida a partir del derecho al sufragio activo, sino también para comprobar si la desigualdad económica al final del Antiguo Régimen pudo sufrir alguna alteración a lo largo de más de medio siglo de cambio institucional y crecimiento económico. La evolución de los criterios económicos de los censos electorales nos permite una aproximación a los posibles cambios en la estratificación económica de la sociedad española. Al mismo tiempo, se analiza si la reducción de la desigualdad política siguió el mismo ritmo y resultados que la trayectoria de la desigualdad patrimonial.
Estrategia vietnamita, tupamara y de la organización Septiembre Negro. La violencia política en ETA desde la sociología de la relación y el pensamiento de Federico Krutwig (1963-1983)
Authors: Almeida Díez Adrián
Published: April 2024

El presente ensayo de investigación  pretende repasar las trayectorias estratégicas de la organización armada ETA. Bajo el enfoque teórico de la sociología de la relación con el mundo y la perspectiva procesual para el estudio de la violencia política, se pretende dilucidar los cambios operados en los usos dados a la violencia y el papel concreto de ésta en la estrategia política global del colectivo. Dentro de esta secuenciación, se destacará el papel del intelectual Federico Krutwig Sagredo en la definición de la planificación general de la política armada y civil de la organización vasca.
Conflictividad y formas de protesta obrera en La Habana durante la dictadura de Fulgencio Batista (1952-1958)
Authors: López-Acón Óscar
Published: April 2024

En el presente artículo se analizan los repertorios de protesta desarrollados en La Habana y su hinterland por parte de los sectores obreros durante el gobierno de facto de Fulgencio Batista (1952-1958). Partiendo de los presupuestos de la historia social “desde abajo”, se pone de manifiesto como dicho régimen estuvo lejos de crear una fuerza de trabajo disciplinada y dócil. A la vez que son sondeados los ejes del conflicto, se atiende a la interrelación entre la sociedad civil y el Estado para explicar la acción colectiva. La resistencia obrera, a la postre, jugó un papel significativo en la dinámica de la contienda política cubana acontecida en los años cincuenta, pues consiguió arrumbar muchas de las políticas de ajuste económico trazadas por la dictadura. El estudio se sirve principalmente de fuentes documentales procedentes del Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba y del Instituto de Historia de Cuba.
La prensa española y las derrotas militares italianas de 1940-1941
Authors: Pellegrini Alberto
Published: April 2024

En 1940, en ocasión de la entrada de Italia en la guerra mundial, la afinidad entre el régimen de Mussolini y la España franquista alcanzó sus cuotas más elevadas. Sin embargo, las estrepitosas derrotas militares fascistas en el otoño-invierno de 1940-1941 – en África, Grecia y el Mediterráneo – demostraron la inconsistencia de las ambiciones italianas, despertando evidentes perplejidades incluso entre los partidarios más acérrimos del fascismo. En este artículo se analizará entonces la actitud mostrada por la prensa española de la época acerca de estas derrotas: una prensa que, aunque rígidamente controlada por la dictadura, no pudo eximirse de describir los fracasos italianos y que deja entrever, en sus artículos, las primeras dudas y los primeros comentarios desfavorables acerca de un régimen que, hasta entonces, había constituido un indiscutible modelo de referencia político e ideológico.
Dirigentes políticos republicanos en el exilio: vivencias políticas y personales de Diego Martínez Barrio y José Giral Pereira
Authors: Chaves Palacios Julián
Published: April 2024

Sesenta años después del fallecimiento de Martínez Barrio y Giral, exponemos sus experiencias en el exilio republicano con especial atención a dos variables: praxis política y vivencias personales. Con ese objetivo, los inicios de nuestro análisis se sitúan en su paso a Francia en febrero de 1939, dentro del cortejo que acompañó en su salida de España a Manuel Azaña. Desde entonces, iniciaron un peregrinaje profesional con coincidencias en su primera etapa: fijaron residencia en México y ahí protagonizaron la restauración de las instituciones republicanas. Posteriormente estuvieron alejados geográficamente el uno del otro, pero cercanos en la amistad y en su acendrado republicanismo. Principios a los que nunca renunciaron, como tampoco a sus deseos de ver derrocado el régimen franquista y restaurada la República en España. Sus sensaciones, cuando no amargura, al no ver hechos realidad esos objetivos se describen en estas páginas, tras la consulta de una documentación inédita.
El Reich Imaginario. Construcción de la mitología del nazismo en La Caduta degli Dei e Il Portiere di Notte
Authors: Veiga García Xosé Carlos
Published: April 2024

Tratamos el proceso por el cual en el Occidente de los años 60 y 70 comenzó a construirse una mitología propia sobre el nazismo que lo disoció del hecho histórico y del discurso mnemónico, permitiendo con ello que se haya convertido en inspiración habitual y fuente de toda clase de obras ficcionales. Lo hacemos por medio del análisis en profundidad de dos películas, La Caduta degli Dei (Visconti, 1969) e Il Portiere di Notte (Cavani, 1974), muy representativas del fenómeno sadiconazista del cine italiano, el cual sembró grandes polémicas en su época pero, indudablemente, contribuyó a la apertura de marcos necesaria para la entrada en el espacio público de formas atípicas y disruptivas de representación del pasado. Defendemos la interpretación de que este proceso consistió en dotar a los elementos constitutivos del imaginario sobre el nazismo un valor arquetípico y metafórico.
Sports Journalism at the height of Portugal’s Dictatorship: Bureaucracy and Censorship (1935-1960)
Authors: Carvalho Coutinho Manuel
Published: April 2024

During Portugal’s dictatorship (1926-1974) there were said to be three pillars to appease its population: Fado (the music connected to culture and tradition), Fátima (symbolizing the Catholic religion) and Football (the most popular sport). Because of the importance of these three F’s, news outlets that specialized in these subjects were, in theory, given a bigger freedom. And yet, all periodical publications were targeted by the Portuguese censorship and were regularly constrained by it.
With this in mind this study will centre on the relationship between the censorship services and the journalistic publications of the third F, newspapers and news bulletins that were mainly concerned with covering sports and sporting events. We will analyse the censorship records and public archives during the height of the dictatorial regime, 1935-1960, in an effort to perceive how these journalistic publications were controlled through bureaucracy and surveillance.
El nuevo permiso parental del art. 48 bis ET
Authors: Cordero Gordillo Vanesa
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objeto el estudio del nuevo permiso parental introducido en el art. 48 bis ET, transponiendo así lo dispuesto en la Directiva 2019/1158/UE sobre esta materia. De este modo, en primer lugar, se hace referencia a la evolución de la regulación del permiso parental en el Derecho Comunitario. En segundo lugar, se estudia su regulación en el Derecho interno, analizando, desde una perspectiva crítica, las características del permiso, resaltando sus aspectos positivos y negativos en aras al fomento de la corresponsabilidad, así como los problemas interpretativos que puede suscitar en la práctica. Destaca el hecho de que se haya configurado como un permiso sin remuneración, pese a que la Directiva estipula que debe ser retribuido, al menos en parte, lo cual puede plantear obstáculos para lograr un reparto equilibrado de las responsabilidades familiares entre mujeres y hombres.
El síndrome de sensibilidad química múltiple y su encuadramiento en el sistema de seguridad social
Authors: Poquet Catala Raquel
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis del síndrome de sensibilidad química múltiple como posible contingencia de la incapacidad permanente, es decir, relacionar la sensibilidad química múltiple con un origen laboral. El problema es que el número de estudios es escaso, y es harto complejo poder relacionar su origen con el entorno estrictamente laboral. A ello, cabe añadir que los síntomas propios de la sensibilidad química múltiple se solapan, muchas veces, con otras comorbilidades, lo que dificulta su valoración clínica y su diferenciación respecto de otras similares. De ahí, la necesidad de realizar un estudio tanto desde el punto de vista médico analizando sus características epidemiológicas y clínicas para poder asociarlo a un origen laboral, y poder declararse la incapacidad permanente derivada de contingencias profesionales.
A way to see the interplay between theory and reality with a look at the quantum case
Authors: Krause Décio
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this paper is to argue that neither mathematics nor logic can be applied ‘directly’ to reality, but to our rational representations (or reconstructions) of it, and this is extended to scientific theories in general. The difference to other approaches (e.g., Nancy Cartwright’s, Bueno & Colyvan’s or Hughes’) is that I call attention to something more than what is involved in such a process, namely, metamathematics. A general schema of ‘elaboration’ of theories, which I suppose cope with most of them, is presented and discussed. A case study is outlined, the quantum case, whose anchored description, in my opinion, demands a different metamathematics and a different logic.
Two dimensions of the biological function debate
Authors: Chen Bohang
Published: April 2024

This article adopts a minimal definition of biological usage to demonstrate that the debate over biological function encompasses two distinct dimensions: descriptive and prescriptive. In the descriptive dimension, biological usage serves as the final arbiter for evaluating different accounts of biological function. Conversely, in the prescriptive dimension, accounts are formulated despite biological usage. The main thesis of this article is that the descriptive/prescriptive distinction helps make better sense of the biological function debate from a novel perspective. This is elucidated by meticulously analyzing the two dimensions and subsequently providing a global overview of the debate.
Tolvaj cselédlányok, bűnöző házi cselédek
Authors: Trádler Henrietta
Published: April 2024

The discourse surrounding domestic servants in the 19th and 20th centuries was remarkably negative, just like in the West, and considered servants to be second class, or inferior creatures. One of the primary issues was criminality. Domestic servants appeared in large numbers in crime statistics, they were most often convicted for theft and prostitution. Literature also reflected on the situation. Italian author Cesare Lombroso published his work L’uomo delinquente [The Criminal Man] in 1876, which had been translated to multiple languages, and inspired Raymond de Ryckert to write La servante criminelle [The Criminal Housemaid] in 1908. Ryckert classifies criminal servants, and examines the reasons behind crime and becoming a criminal. Regarding the criminality of servants, the figure of the good and the bad servant appear very distinctly in the opinions regarding servants, as well as in the analysis of these representations.
Felületes magyarosodás?
Authors: Bolgár Dániel
Published: April 2024

Hungarian censuses started surveying linguistic competences in 1880. Data showed that the rate of Hungarian-speakers had been increasing among the population. This process was by far the fastest in the Jewish community. The official and proper interpretation of the linguistic data before World War I was that the country is becoming more Hungarian, with special emphasis on the success story of the acculturation of the Jewish population. However, there were some who believed that the assimilation of the Jews was a failure: they perceived it to be facitious and superficial. After World War I, this interpretation became part of the mainstream. However, this narrative of failed assimilation was not supported by any substantial empirical data, except the accounts regarding the language of sermons, published by the Central Statistical Office between 1897 and 1912. These statistics revealed that the language of Christian churches is changing at a glacial pace, while that of the synagogues is becoming Hungarian really fast. However, the director of the Central Statistical Office, József Jekelfalussy, followed by many of his contemporaries, interpreted the data to mean the exact opposite. Jekelfalussy compared the data on sermons with the census statistics about native languages, to verify that the censuses could be believed, and the country was indeed becoming more Hungarian. Therefore he noticed that rate of Hungarian sermons in synagogues was much smaller than the percentage of Jews who declared their native language to be Hungarian. Jekelfalussy concluded that Jews lied en masse about their mother tongues, and their linguistic assimilation had been superficial. The study argues that Jekefalussy’s interpretation was based on a severe methodical error, and therefore false, but this was not identified by his contemporaries.
Designing historical empathy learning experiences: a pedagogical tool for history teachers
Authors: Karn Sara
Published: April 2024

This article explores the pedagogies that history teachers use to foster historical empathy, drawing from interviews with secondary school history teachers in Canada. The findings highlight that historical empathy is nurtured by teachers over time using a variety of different teaching approaches and activities, tasks and projects. The article begins by examining the pedagogical choices that teachers make when designing and implementing historical empathy lessons, categorised as implicit, thematic, student-centred, scaffolded and comparative approaches. Next, consideration is given to the types of learning experiences that teachers use to develop historical empathy, and some of the opportunities and challenges involved. These learning experiences include role plays and simulations, first- and third-person writing tasks, experiential learning and virtual reality, and collaborative and project-based learning. The perspectives shared by the teachers in this study contributed towards the development of a research-informed pedagogical tool to guide the future design of learning experiences that foster historical empathy, which may be applied by teachers across educational jurisdictions, and adapted for various grade levels.
Exclusión/Inclusión con base en la discriminación por nacionalidad en los sistemas de asilo de España y México
Authors: Torre Cantalapiedra Eduardo , Moreno-Amador Gracia
Published: April 2024

La gestión de la crisis de refugiados ucranianos de 2022 puso de manifiesto la necesidad de examinar de manera crítica la implementación de políticas de protección internacional discriminatorias según nacionalidad. Mediante el análisis de datos estadísticos, así como el estudio y revisión documental y bibliográfica, se analiza cómo de excluyentes o incluyentes son los sistemas de asilo español y mexicano en función de cómo los Estados tratan de un modo diferente a los solicitantes según su nacionalidad. Argumentamos que en ambos países las prácticas institucionales a lo largo de todo el proceso de asilo —acceso, procedimiento y resolución— discriminan por nacionalidad dando lugar a diversas formas de exclusión e inclusión de las personas refugiadas.
Statistical Assessment of Water-quality Parameters for Different Flow Regimes
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq, Addab Haider
Published: April 2024

Groundwater and drainage-water sustainability is crucial to water management. Controlling the interaction between the groundwater and drain-water salinity at the watershed level has only been the topic of a limited number of studies. This study statistically compares salt concentration rate across time and four different flow regimes. We sampled water from 2014 to 2018. The study used R software to analyze water-quality parameters utilizing PCA and indices. Multiple water-quality indices were used to test irrigation water. A linear model with TDS as the response was fitted to the data. Another two-factor repeated-measurement covariate model was built. Water-quality indices suggest that measured water from varied flow regimes in the study area is suitable for irrigation. Based on the statistical models, Tukey's adjustment pairwise demonstrates considerable salinity variations between drain water and surface water. However, the main effect of the flow regime on TDS is significant. This indicates that the TDS value varies depending on the flow regime, not on time plus the interactions between these regimes. Keywords: Total dissolved solids (TDSs), Groundwater, ANCOVA, Flow condition, Tile drain, PCA
ASSESSMENT OF STRENGTH, STIFFNESS, AND CRACK RESISTANCE OF PREFABRICATED REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF LABORATORY TESTS
Authors: Kudryavtsev M.V. , Shevchuk A.S.
Published: April 2024

To accelerate production for monolithic construction, it is more appropriate to use prefabricated rein-forced concrete structures for certain load-bearing elements. Prefabricated balcony slabs with rebarcan be offered as an alternative to monolithic balconies. This type of balcony speeds up the process of monolithic construction, reduces the cost of shuttering work, and is a quality certified load-bearing element. Strength, stiffness and cracking resistance must be tested according to domestic regulatory documents when introducing prefabricated elements into mass production. The results of these tests allow us todraw conclusions on the serviceability of the structure and make adjustments for modernization.
Nauczanie obcych języków specjalistycznych na poziomach podstawowych. Praca z publikacją Truchcikiem z Kopernikiem. Językowe przebieżki po uniwersytecie w grupach chińskich polonistów na studiach I stopnia
Authors: Goszczyńska Monika , Kubicka Emilia , Olkiewicz Filip
Published: April 2024

Languages for specific purposes (LSP) are taught in two different contexts – for academic and for professional needs. In the first case, they are primarily tools for acquiring and processing knowledge, which is possible by knowing a number of terms. That is why B2 is indicated as the optimal level for starting their acquisition. LSP for professional purposes are primarily intended for effective communication and can be taught independently from general language proficiency. In this paper, the authors describe the findings of a survey in which Chinese students of Polish language and culture were asked to express their opinions on the publication Truchcikiem z Kopernikiem. The analysis aims to show if this book is a suitable tool for training LSP in an academic context. It covers levels from A to C (CEFR) and offers training of language in higher education for academic purposes as well as practical language training in situations typical for everyday life at the university. The respondents, representing A2-B1+ proficiency levels, found the book useful for language learning (70%) and for studying in Poland (92%). At the same time, however, 45% of them considered that the exercises were too difficult (for 50% they were adequate), which was explained by the high complexity of vocabulary. They also expressed their expectations for a higher number of grammar tasks in the book.
Some properties of a class of holomorphic functions associated with tangent function
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ghaffar , Mashwani Wali Khan , Salleh Zabidin , Tchier Fairouz , Khan Bilal , Malik Sarfraz Nawaz
Published: April 2024

In this study, we define new class of holomorphic functions associated with tangent function. Furthermore, we examine the differential subordination implementation results related to Janowski and tangent functions. Also, we investigate some extreme point theorem and partial sums results, necessary and sufficient conditions, convex combination, closure theorem, growth and distortion bounds, and radii of close-to-starlikeness and starlikeness for this newly defined functions class of holomorphic functions.
The Indo-Iranian background of the Ossetic future
Authors: Kim Ronald I.
Published: April 2024

The Ossetic future is generally believed to originate in compounds with Proto-Iranian *čana(h)- ‘desiring’, but the morphological and phonological details have never been explored. Examination of the Indo-Iranian evidence confirms that since the root *kanH- ‘take pleasure in’ occurs almost exclusively as a stative perfect, the only plausible source is possessive (bahuvrīhi) compounds with the derived noun *čanah- ‘desire’, which were restricted to this usage already in Old Iranian (cf. Avestan šaētō.cinah- ‘whose desire is possessions’). From denominative bases and thematic verbal nouns, *X-čanāh ‘whose desire is XN, desiring XN’ was reinterpreted as deverbal ‘(be) wanting to XV’ > ‘XV-fut’ and generalized to all verbal stems. The phonological evolution to Ossetic -ʒæn- is regular; the distribution of the allomorphs -ʒæn- and -ʒin- in the Digor dialect provides indirect evidence for the placement of stress in Proto-Ossetic, which in turn permits the resolution of an old problem, the double reflex of Proto-Iranian *pati- in compounds.
True Worship in the Spirit: Martin Chemnitz and the Minor Role of the Body in Worship
Authors: Bergman Andreas
Published: April 2024

Martin Chemnitz (1522–1586) is an extremely important theologian for the Lutheran tradition, however, he has received only modest scholarly interest. This article is the first examination of Chemnitz’s theology of indifferent rites, or adiaphora, which pays attention to its anthropological implications. The article is divided into five sections. The first section offers an overview of Luther’s and Melanchthon’s theology of worship in order to contextualize Chemnitz’s thought. The second section presents Chemnitz’s definition of worship and analyzes its implications for the soul-body relationship. The third section examines Chemnitz’s theology of the adiaphora and its ramifications for the participation of the body in worship. In the fourth section, a specific remark of Chemnitz is studied in which he indicates that our outward activity can promote spiritual well-being. The article concludes with a section that summarizes the findings and reflects on their importance for the Lutheran tradition.