bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology of Measurement Intellectualization based on Regularized Bayesian Approach in Uncertain Conditions
Authors: Prokopchina Svetlana , Zaslavskaia Veronika
Published: November 2023

Modern measurement tasks are confronted with inherent uncertainty. This significant uncertainty arises due to incomplete and imprecise knowledge about the models of measurement objects, influencing factors, measurement conditions, and the diverse nature of experimental data. This article provides a concise overview of the historical development of methodologies aimed at intellectualizing measurement processes in the context of uncertainty. It also discusses the classification of measurements and measurement systems. Furthermore, the fundamental requirements for intelligent measurement systems and technologies are outlined. The article delves into the conceptual aspects of intelligent measurements, which are rooted in the integration of metrologically certified data and knowledge. It defines intelligent measurements and establishes their key properties. Additionally, the article explores the main characteristics of soft measurements and highlights their distinctions from traditional deterministic measurements of physical quantities. The emergence of cognitive, systemic, and global measurements as new measurement types is discussed. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive examination of the methodology and technologies underpinning Bayesian intelligent measurements, with a foundation in the regularizing Bayesian approach. This approach introduces a novel concept of measurement, where the measurement problem is framed as an inverse problem of pattern recognition, aligning with Bayesian principles. Within this framework, innovative models and coupled scales with dynamic constraints are proposed. These dynamic scales facilitate the development of measurement technologies for enhancing the cognition and interpretation of measurement results by measurement systems. This novel type of scale enables the integration of numerical data (for quantifiable information) and linguistic information (for knowledge-based information) to enhance the quality of measurement solutions. A new set of metrological characteristics for intelligent measurements is introduced, encompassing accuracy, reliability (including error levels of the 1st and 2nd kind), dependability, risk assessment, and entropy characteristics. The paper provides explicit formulas for implementing the measurement process, complete with a metrological justification of the solutions. The article concludes by outlining the advantages and prospects of employing intelligent measurements. These benefits extend to solving practical problems, as well as advancing and integrating artificial intelligence and measurement theory technologies.
A case study on the effectiveness of Attai vedal (leech therapy) for the treatment of Karappan (eczema)
Authors: Logisha M. SriSakthi , Nivetha G. , Mustafa M. Mohamed , Siddiq Ali T. R. , Muthukumar N. J. , Mahalakshmi M. V.
Published: November 2023

There are more than 3000 known common skin diseases. Eczema, generally referred to as karappan, is a prevailing dermatological condition often seen in clinical settings. It is not an immediately life-threatening disease; it is a chronic disease that has a physiological and social impact on a patient’s life. The skin lesion is manifested externally and visible to all. So, the patient feels detested and has depression. The disease may affect any age, but it is common in school-going age and 1-3 percent of adults. It is characterized by itching followed by redness, erythema, and papules. The papules may turn to vesicles. The condition known as karappan in the Siddha system of medicine is considered equivalent due to the presence of analogous signs and symptoms. Management of eczema involves emollients, steroids, and topical application therapy given in other systems. It will give temporary remedies even after use, relapse, recurrence and other complications are common. Hence, there is a need for alternative drugs and therapy that has a good efficacy in this debilitating disorder, which is possible through the Siddha system of medicine. Leech therapy (attai vidal) our siddhars have given importance to bloodletting therapy and concede leech is the most unique and effective method of bloodletting even in an infected wound, skin disease, and abscesses. The present case was carried out in the OPD of the department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu in India. The course of treatment has shown significant improvement in terms of alleviating all of the symptoms and improving the patient's easy score.
A study on placental expression of neuronal markers in intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Reddy Pulluru Upendhar , Chelli Sudhakara Babu , Reddy Muchinthala Venkateshwar , V. Sthevaan , Charitha Sai , Priya Reddy Sai , Sumathy Govindarajan
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: The restriction of intrauterine growth (IUGR) has a 20% recurrence rate and is one of the leading causes of postnatal illness and death. The diagnosis of intrauterine retardation refers to the infant's increased risk of neurological issues over an extended period, neonatal morbidity, and mortality, and in utero death.
 
Materials and Methods: One hundred placenta samples were collected and divided into cases and controls. Clearance from the ethics committee was taken from the institute prior to the commencement of this study. Exclusion criteria include the patients with multiple pregnancies, unknown gestational age, gestational diabetes, and HIV. The inclusion criteria are the singleton pregnancy, normal and cesarean section, maternal age between 18-35 years and GA between 34 – 41 weeks. Standard immunohistochemistry protocols were followed for the study and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron specific enolase (NSE) markers were used as neuronal markers.
 
Results: Strong immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein and neuron specific enolase was observed in fetal growth restriction placenta indicating perinatal brain damage of neonate.
 
Conclusion: In our study we observed strong positive immunoreactivity of GFAP and NSE in IUGR only.  This study suggests that these markers are used to predict brain damage in IUGR neonates.
Investigating the molecular mechanisms of Ashwagandha phytocompounds in epilepsy through differential gene expression and pathway analysis
Authors: Govinda Srinivasan Srivarshini , Dinesh Susha , Sharma Sameer , Sunkadakatte Venugopal Bhavana , Lucas A. Martin , Sosalagere Manjegowda Dinesh
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is a traditional Indian herb used in Ayurveda and Unani medicine, particularly in anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-stress, antioxidant, immune-boosting, and rejuvenating effects. Epilepsy is a severe neuropsychological condition that occurs sporadically and has a long-term effect on the electrical signals that travel between brain cells. The disorder is characterized by recurrent seizures that are brought on by a sudden increase in brain electrical activity. This is the outcome of abnormal neuronal discharges or coordinated neuronal hyperexcitability. The study’s main objective is to find out the therapeutic phytocompound in treating Epileptic disorder.
 
Materials and Methods: This study investigated the potential use of phytochemicals from the Ashwagandha plant as epileptic seizure treatments that target key genes strongly associated with the disease. To forecast the binding affinity between the phytochemicals and the receptors, molecular docking simulations (PyRx) were used for the virtual screening.
 
Results: The preliminary screening of the twenty-two phytocompounds from Withania somnifera was based on their affinity for epilepsy. The results showed that withasomnine exhibited great binding affinity to the receptors, indicating their potential as targeted epileptic seizure therapeutics. The ligands revealed stronger binding with the epilepsy targets, and the binding score less than -7 kcal/mol was taken into consideration for further exploration. This research lays the groundwork for upcoming in-vitro and in-vivo studies to confirm the effectiveness of these phytochemicals as cancer therapies.
 
Conclusion: The results suggest that withasomnine derivatives from Withania somnifera could be a promising source of epilepsy therapies.
Evaluation of the foundation block of first year MBBS curriculum in a medical college
Authors: S. Mantur Venkappa , Reddy C. Sudarshan , Kumar Arun , Kowale Arun
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: The National Medical Council of India (NMC) has updated the undergraduate medical curriculum by establishing "competency based medical education," which focuses on a one-month foundation course. This time is thought to be crucial for students to adjust to their new college surroundings. The purpose of this study was to assess the initial one-month foundation course from the perspectives of students.
 
Materials and Methods: A total of 150 first year MBBS students joining the college in the academic year 2020-21 were included in the study. Therefore, all students’ means universal samples were included in the study. The core curriculum was meticulously organised and carried out in accordance with the National Medical Council of India's recommendations. Students provided feedback using a five-point Likert scale. Before the final study, we conducted a pilot study for assessment of the reliability of the scale by taking convenient samples and reliability coefficient was found to be 0.8769. Overall recommendations were solicited, and the outcomes were analysed using feedback from students. It calculated the percentage of students who responded. The data were analysed by using statistical software i.e., SPSS version 20.00 with simple frequency and percentages.
 
Results: The percentages of students who agreed and strongly agreed on something ranged from 77.14 to 90.92 percent. All the sessions are positive feedback given by students who strongly agree and biosafety, E-learning, language, and biomedical waste management needed improvement in the module. Good collaboration, teamwork, and thorough planning at the interdepartmental and intradepartmental levels, according to the faculty, were vital elements for the course's successful implementation.
 
Conclusion: The foundation course sessions were generally well welcomed by the students. The findings will aid us in improving our foundation programme for the following year to accomplish the goals of the foundation course.
Grading of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in cytology and its association with ultrasonographic and biochemical parameters
Authors: Saldanha Crysle , Fernandes Hilda , C. S. Jayaprakash
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: In the post-iodization period, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is most likely the most prevalent cause of goitre and hypothyroidism, particularly in women of reproductive years. This study was undertaken to grade HT on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology smears and determine their usefulness in predicting thyroid damage in association with clinical history, radiological and biochemical findings.
 
Materials and Methods: Total of 151 cases were diagnosed cytologically in duration of over 2 years as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis/lymphocytic thyroiditis. Cytology scoring technique was used to analyse smears and were correlated with radiological, biochemical findings and were evaluated statistically by ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests.
 
Results: In the current study, the most frequent group of individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were between the ages of 40 and 50. Females (145 cases, 96%) were commonly affected and the commonest presentation was a diffuse (125 cases ,82.8%) thyroid enlargement. Cytological grading of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were as follows,54 (35.8%) patients were Grade I, 81(53.6%) patients were Grade II thyroiditis and 16 (10.6%) patients were Grade III thyroiditis. Biochemically, 78 (56.5%) of the cases were hypothyroid, 51 (37%), euthyroid, and 9 (6.5%) were hyperthyroid. Ultrasonography revealed 76 (50.3%) patients with hypoechoic micronodules, 71 (47%) with echogenic septae, 101 (66.9%) with increased vascularity, and 6 (4%) with normal findings. The grades of lymphocytic thyroiditis and the biochemical data were found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between the grades and specific ultrasound findings, such as echogenic septae (p=0.042) and diffuse hypoechogenicity (p=0.046).
 
Conclusion: Cytological scoring system in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can predict thyroid functional status and aid in determining the severity of the disease.
Antibacterial activity of Spirulina platensis on some pathogenic bacteria
Authors: N. H. Al-Asady Israa
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Spirulina platensis is a planktonic filamentous cyanobacterium composed of discrete cellular units. Three types of Spirulina have garnered significant attention as possible medicinal agents. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of extract from S. platensis against various bacterial strains.
 
Materials and Methods: The identification of S. platensis was accomplished by employing both microscopic techniques and genetic investigation of phycocyanin using cPCBA genes. PCR was employed to identify mcyE gene, which is responsible for the production of microcystin, a toxin of S. platensis. The antibacterial efficacy of the crude extract was applied against various pathogenic bacteria. The bioactivity compounds were identified by GC-MS spectrophotometry.
 
Results: GC mass analysis established the presence of 11 active compounds (N-Methoxy-N-methyl-acetamide, n-Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, Octanoic acid, 2-Ethylhexyl ester, Tridecanoic acid ethyl ester, Tetradecanoic acid, Phytol 2-Hexadecen-1-ol, Tetracosane, and 8-Hexadecen-1-ol) in the methanolic crude extract.  At varied doses, the hot methanolic crude extract exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacterial species tested with inhibition zones ranging from 5 to 20 mm.
 
Conclusion: The study findings demonstrates that the crude extract of Spirulina platensis to be a viable source for the synthesis of drugs that could be safely used as antimicrobials against pathogens.
Assessing the correlation between SNP rs1800795 genotypes to serum Interleukin- 6 levels among COVID-19 patients in Iraq
Authors: M. Utba Nawal , Adnan Abed Tamara , H. Abdulkarem Ali
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces very high-inflammatory responses which is a major cause of COVID-19 disease severity and death. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), among other patient proinflammatory cytokines, especially its genomic polymorphisms that affect the body's immune system, can influence the course of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between IL-6 and COVID-19 disease in Iraqi patients.
 
Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 100 Covid-19 infected patients (50 with moderate and 50 with severe infection), and 50 healthy individuals (controls) from Iraq. DNA isolated from blood samples of each participant was subjected to PCR amplification of the SNP rs1800795 fragment of the Interleukin- 6 gene, which was further genotyped for the -174 G/C polymorphism. Serum interleukin- 6 (IL-6) levels were evaluated to assess the correlation between the   IL-6 levels and the SNP rs1800795 genotypes.
 
Results: The levels of IL-6 in sera of moderate and critical COVID-19 groups were significantly higher and increased with intensity of COVID-19 disease. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis showed the SNP rs1800795 genotypes (GG, GC, and CC) to remain constant in COVID-19 patients and controls. The study also showed no significant differences (p>0.05) for the IL-6 serum levels in association to the three genotypes.
 
Conclusion: SNP rs1800795 genotypes do not pose a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19 in the Iraqi population. Increased age, on the other hand, could be considered a risk factor for COVID-19 outcomes. COVID-19 vaccination is highly efficient in preventing severe COVID-19 infection.
Knowledge, perception, and practice towards scientific research among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Motappa Rohith , R. Sanjay , Shetty Pratham , K. Sarvesh , M. Cristy , M. Sumith , Grishma  , Holla Ramesh
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Healthcare practitioners must stay updated with recent advancements and integrate scientific insights into clinical decision-making for evidence-based medicine. Scientific research faces growing challenges in industrialized and developing nations. Medical professionals in developing countries encounter more obstacles in conducting and disseminating research. This study aims to assess medical undergraduates' awareness, attitudes, and barriers to participating in scientific research.
 
Materials and Methods: The study took place at Kasturba Medical College (MAHE), Mangalore, involving cross-sectional analysis of medical undergraduates in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years of the MBBS program. Eligible participants received a questionnaire via Google Forms with explanatory instructions.
 
Results: Study participants averaged 21.08 years (standard deviation: 1.53), with ages ranging from 18 to 30. An overwhelming majority (80%) understood the research process well. Approximately 58% believed that scientific research should be mandatory in the medical curriculum. Nearly two-thirds agreed that engaging in scientific research enhances subject understanding. Most students (73.19%) saw the demanding course load as the primary deterrent to undergraduate research involvement, while 67.23% cited lack of time as the main obstacle.
 
Conclusion: Compared to early-stage students, those further along in their medical education displayed greater familiarity with research and a stronger inclination toward scientific research pursuits.
Exploring dental graduates' knowledge and attitudes towards maternal oral health and its relationship to maternal and child health
Authors: P. Nayak Prajna , Bhandary Meghna , John Merrin  Elza
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Pregnancy is a critical period in women's lives and presents complex physiological changes that can influence oral health and vice versa. Integrating education on maternal oral health into dental curricula can help ensure comprehensive care for both pregnant women and their children by equipping dental graduates with the knowledge and skills to address the unique oral health challenges faced by expectant mothers. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitudes of graduating dental students regarding maternal oral health and its impact on both mothers and infants.
 
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a dental college in southern India. 100 graduating dental students completed a structured questionnaire.
 
Results: 95% of students acknowledged the influence of maternal oral health on both mothers and infants, and 12% displayed a high level of knowledge. However, the average mean score obtained was 63.58% and knowledge gaps were observed in areas such as drug interactions, early childhood caries, and reducing oral bacterial load in expectant mothers. Despite this, 91% believed paediatric dentists should be part of perinatal care teams to promote maternal oral health awareness.
 
Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of education and integrating dental professionals in prenatal and antenatal care for improved oral health outcomes.
Role of Q-heterochromatin and thermal conductivity of the human body in the development of obesity
Authors: Akhunbaev Stalbek , Uzakov Orozaly , Vityala Yethindra
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Obesity, commonly known as a complex multifactorial disease, has emerged as a significant medical and societal issue in recent decades. The objective of this study is to assess if there is a significant impact of Q-heterochromatin (Q-HR) and thermal conductivity (k) in the body on the risk of obesity.
 
Methods: This prospective analytical cohort study included 300 individuals from both genders aged 35.24 4.21 years who do not have oncological, hormonal, or other forms of diseases that predispose to morbid obesity.
 
Results: In obese individuals, the temperature distribution in the peripheral and central parts of the body has a high level of variability relative to the control. In the main group, Q HR has a clear gradient from 0 to 2, and the average numerical parameter is 1.21 0.11, which is more than twice as low as in the control group (2.94 0.14). In obese individuals, the chromatin concentration decreased with increasing temperature gradient (X2 = -16.8; p0.001).
 
Conclusion: The level of Q-HR is considerably lower in obese people compared to the control group. When compared to the control, obese people had a higher k between the central and peripheral sections. The level of Q-HR and k were shown to be inversely correlated.
A review on unravelling the medicinal properties of magical mushrooms: Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Mago Payal , Kaur Simran , Srivastava Isha , Mehrotra Rekha , Kaur Kohinoor , Sharma Richa , Yadav Aarti
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, the public and the scientific communities are choosing and looking for natural remedies as an alternative to the elaborate chemically synthesised drugs. As a result, due to its immunostimulatory potential, Cordyceps genus has grabbed attention from the scientific community in recent years. Various in vivo and in vitro investigations on the endo-parasitic fungi have shown its tremendous pharmaceutical potential owing to the various bioactive constituents. Pre-clinical studies have revealed its activities like anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, vasorelaxation, antihyperlipidemic, anticholesterolemic, hypotensive, anti-aging, anti-fatigue, kidney protection and aphrodisiac. Moreover, Cordyceps species are also related with stimulation of the immune system- stimulating inflammatory response mediated via mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, stimulation of phagocytosis, and cytokine production such as interleukins (IL)-10, IL-12, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) etc. In the present review, we discuss the various bioactive compounds of the fungi such as nucleosides, alkaloids, flavonoids and their therapeutic potential. We also highlight its culturing methods and its current status in the global market.
El ingreso a cuenta sobre rendimientos del trabajo percibidos en especie
Authors: Málvarez Pascual Luis Alberto
Published: November 2023

2.º Premio Revista Estudios Financieros 1993.Modalidad: Tributación.
Una de las novedades más sobresalientes derivadas de la reforma del año 91 es el sometimiento de las retribuciones en especie del trabajo personal al mecanismo del ingreso a cuenta, como medio fundamental de control en aras a conseguir la tributación efectiva de estas percepciones. No obstante, este mecanismo no es nuevo, ya que su introducción en nuestro Derecho positivo tuvo lugar en 1985, con la Ley de Activos Financieros, aunque con referencia exclusivamente a rendimientos en especie de capital mobiliario.
En la legislación derogada, el único medio de control se establecía, con dudosa legalidad, en el ámbito del deber de información que corresponde a la entidad pagadora de los rendimientos. El artículo 147.3 del antiguo Reglamento del IRPF establecía que no existía obligación de practicar retención por las retribuciones en especie que no supusieran la entrega, transferencia o abono en cuentas de dinero u otro documento que lo represente, con independencia de que el trabajador venía obligado al cómputo de estas cantidades en la declaración de su impuesto. Para solucionar esta situación, la Dirección General de Gestión Tributaria, en su Resolución de 7 de noviembre de 1988, por la que se aprobaron los modelos de declaración de las retenciones, hubo de incluir en el modelo 190, referido a los supuestos de retención indirecta, una clave de percepción en la que se deberían declarar «otras percepciones no sujetas a retención», en la que se incluían las retribuciones en especie y otras percepciones que ni tan siquiera estaban gravadas, como es el caso de las dietas y asignaciones de viaje que no excedan de los límites permitidos.
La Ley de Presupuestos Generales del Estado para 1994: novedades en Seguridad Social
Authors: Cea Ayala Ángel
Published: November 2023

Sin duda alguna, la Ley de Presupuestos Generales del Estado es una de las más trascendentes en el panorama legislativo español. ¿Pero qué son los presupuestos del Estado? Múltiples son las definiciones elaboradas por la Doctrina entresacando de ellas la que efectúa el profesor FERNANDO SAINZ DE BUJANDA «es el acto legislativo mediante el cual se autoriza el montante máximo de los gastos que el Gobierno puede realizar durante un período de tiempo determinado, en las atenciones que detalladamente se especifican y se prevén los ingresos necesarios para cubrirlos».
La definición legal la encontramos en la Ley General Presupuestaria: «Los Presupuestos Generales del Estado constituyen la expresión cifrada, conjunta y sistemática de las obligaciones que como máximo pueden reconocer el Estado y sus organismos autónomos, y de los derechos que se prevén liquidar durante el correspondiente ejercicio» (art. 48).
El crédito laboral y la empresa en crisis
Authors: Tapia Hermida Antonio
Published: November 2023

La oportunidad del tema deviene por dos órdenes de razones, la primera de carácter fáctico, la existencia de numerosos procedimientos concursales en el momento actual, la segunda, de carácter estrictamente jurídico, la existencia de una jurisprudencia contradictoria entre la Sala Primera, la Sala Cuarta y la Sala Especial de Conflictos de Competencia del Tribunal Supremo sobre importantes aspectos relativos a los créditos laborales.
Efectivamente no es necesario más que leer las últimas estadísticas sobre el número de procedimientos concursales para poder constatar su espectacular incremento, fenómeno de extraordinaria gravedad por la destrucción de tejido industrial o de servicios que supone, por el perjuicio económico que conlleva para numerosas personas que ven alterado y reducido su nivel de vida a extremos preocupantes e incluso por la afectación sicológica que la situación de desempleo provoca con consecuencias y secuelas de todo tipo (depresión, ansiedad, etc.). No obstante con ser el análisis de toda la problemática de declive económico, que a la vez está en su origen, así como sociológica y sicológica, que comportan las crisis empresariales, de un extraordinario interés, no vamos a detenernos en ella, baste aquí con dejar señalada su existencia. Unicamente un aspecto estrictamente jurídico, singular que aparece implicado en aquellos procedimientos concursales, el relativo a los créditos laborales, va a ser objeto de nuestra atención.
El contrato de trabajo en prácticas vigilante jurado: ¿título o autorización?
Authors: Morell Ibáñez José Luis , Ortega Pérez Ángeles
Published: November 2023

Este estudio centrado en la problemática del denominado contrato de trabajo en prácticas encuadrado en el Real Decreto 1992 de 31 de octubre de 1984 (derogado por el R.D. 2317/1993, de 29 de diciembre -BOE 31-12-1993-) al ser aplicado por los empresarios en su contratación con los vigilantes jurados de seguridad y ello en base a que estaba encuadrada dicha contratación en el artículo número 1 del citado Real Decreto 1992/1984 que suponía disminuciones en la cuota empresarial por contingencias comunes, estímulos fiscales, subvenciones y reducciones en el tipo de cotización a la Seguridad Social, pretende hacer una exposición de posturas administrativas, judiciales y doctrinales con una aportación documentada y objetiva que dirigida a empresarios, trabajadores, profesionales del Derecho, etc. tengan en el mismo un elemento de consulta riguroso que les permita conocer cuáles han sido las diferentes y a veces enfrentadas posturas de la Administración y Organos Judiciales, así como el pronunciamiento que sobre este tema ha sostenido el Tribunal Supremo.
Psicologia: do enlace colonial ao desenlace descolonial
Authors: Moura Eliana Perez Gonçalves de , Viana Glauce Janaina
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho consiste em um ensaio teórico que problematiza o caráter colonial da psicologia tradicional. Para tanto, faz uma análise sobre a emergência da psicologia enquanto disciplina científica, no final do século XI, sob a égide dos princípios da ciência moderna, buscando apontar sua fidelidade às categorias da modernidade, especialmente, o objetivismo, o racionalismo e a dicotomia sujeito-objeto. Apontamos a influência do positivismo ao longo de seu desenvolvimento e sua consolidação ocorrida nos Estados Unidos da América. Defendemos que a partir da crise paradigmática instalada na década dos anos 60 do século XX, abriu-se uma possibilidade de revisão crítica dos seus fundamentos epistemológicos, provocada a partir das demandas de inteligibilidade para as questões referentes às desigualdades sociais das populações periféricas da América Latina. Apostando na descolonialidade da psicologia, defendemos a necessidade da substituição do paradigma da ciência moderna pela nova visão de mundo expressa na proposta da transmodernidade.
Ensino de História em perspectiva decolonial: relato crítico-reflexivo sobre noção de tempo e periodização da história desde uma escola quilombola
Authors: Barbosa Marques Ferreira , Nery Vitor Sousa Cunha
Published: November 2023

Este artigo objetiva contribuir para o tema pensamento decolonial e ensino de história da educação escolar quilombola, ampliar as possibilidades metodológicas do ensino de história e socializar ações pedagógicas tendo como metodologia práticas significativas para os discentes de uma escola localizada no quilombo Mel da Pedreira, no município de Macapá capital do Estado do Amapá. De cunho qualitativo dialoga com bibliografias de pesquisadores da rede de estudos modernidade/decolonialidade, com a legislação educacional brasileira como a lei 10.639/03 e resolução do CNE de nº 08/2012. Com a práxis de ensino desenvolvida na escola foi possível a identificação de diferentes formas de compreensão da noção de tempo e de periodização dos processos históricos. Contribuindo com a consciência histórica dos discentes visando suas autonomias em relação a visão eurocêntrica, levando-os a percepção que há diversas maneiras de perceber o tempo no cotidiano que são mais significativas as suas realidades.
Physical education in primary school and impact on educational leadership
Authors: D’Isanto Tiziana
Published: November 2023

Purpose: In Italy, the 2022 Budget Law, established the compulsory curricular teaching of physical education (PE) by the specialist teacher, with a master’s degree in exercise and sport sciences, in classes IV and V of primary school to achieve the objectives of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, inherent in the assumption of behaviors and lifestyles appropriate to the harmonious development of the children. Since the impact studies of many internal stakeholders in primary schools have already been done, it remained to extend the impact study among school headmasters. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the perceptions of school headmasters on PE teaching and to verify the variables that could influence their opinions, to complete the study on the impact the reform has produced. Methods: The sample consisted of 32 primary school headmasters from Naples and province, who filled out a questionnaire to investigate their perceptions on PE teaching. Chi Square (X2) was performed to test the associations between variables. Results: 96.9% of headmasters favoured the introduction of the specialist teacher in PE and the compulsory teaching of PE, as it was considered essential. The perceptions of the need of a specific education to teach
PE influenced both the importance of PE and the way it should be included in the school curriculum. Conclusions: Most of headmasters were aware that teaching PE required a specific education, possessed by the specialist teacher, wishing for its introduction in all primary school classes. Knowing the perceptions of school headmasters is crucial because, they can influence how PE is taught in the school, essential to ensure proper
mental and physical development of the children and to counteract problems related to the need for movement.
Keywords: perceptions; specialist teacher; generalist teacher; children wellbeing; headmasters.
The profile of the sports manager between training misunderstandings and impact on internal stakeholders
Authors: Esposito Giovanni
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study aims to understand internal stakeholders’ perceptions of the new legislative provisions introduced in Italy regarding the professional figure of the sports manager, and to evaluate their understanding and the concrete application of these provisions. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 60 presidents and managers of sports associations and clubs in the province of Salerno. The questions seek to probe stakeholders’ perceptions on the liking, appropriateness, and usefulness of sports
manager. The validity and reliability of the questions were calculated. A chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences in perception.
Results: From the results, it was possible to appreciate a discordance of opinions between the stakeholders. Differences in perception emerged concerning the conviction that this professional figure should be integrated within the sports organization chart (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001), for the contribution that the manager can make in terms of improvement to the sports company (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001) and for the most appropriate training path for exercising this profession (χ2 = 7.76; P =.001). Conclusions: The perceptual contradictions found in the stakeholders’ answers show how the complexity of the recent regulatory provisions and the assumed equivalences to the title of sports manager have generated additional confusion compared to the ordinary one.
Keywords: exercise and sport sciences, manager, sports law, professional sport profile
Village propre et productif Suivi des progrès réalisés au niveau des ménages (version 1)
Authors: Dagerskog Linus , Liera Carla
Published: November 2023

Village propre et productif (VPP) est un cadre de mise en oeuvre de l’assainissement productif en milieu rural qui vise à renforcer à la fois la santé et la production agricole. Dans ce document, des indicateurs et des méthodes d’évaluation sont proposés pour chaque composante du volet Propre et du volet Productif.
Exercice Flux des ressources (FdR) : guide de mise en oeuvre
Authors: Dagerskog Linus
Published: November 2023

L’exercice Flux des ressources (FdR) permet aux participants de prendre conscience que les différents déchets « naturels » du ménage sont des ressources importantes qu’il convient de valoriser en agriculture. Les participants identifient ensuite les forces et faiblesses de leur système actuel, mais aussi des options leur permettant d’améliorer leur situation.
Design Thinking untuk Analisis Masalah Pembelajaran Daring Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia
Authors: Luthfi Muhammad Irfan , Septiyanti Nisa Dwi
Published: November 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak signifikan tehadap kehidupan manusia, baik kesehatan, ekonomi, maupun Pendidikan di dunia. Di Indonesia, pemerintah telah menerapkan berbagai langkah untuk menekan penyebaran virus dengan memberlakukan kebijakan lockdown. Kebijakan tersebut berdampak di segala sektor, tak terkecuali sektor pendidikan. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia mulai memberlakukan kegiatan pembelajaran dalam jaringan (daring). Guru sebagai pendidik harus mampu berinovasi untuk kelangsungan proses pembelajaran. Mereka melakukan berbagai hal untuk memastikan siswa dapat menerima dan memahami topik pembelajaran. Namun, pada pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran daring ini tidak luput dari masalah. Penelitian ini mencoba menemukan permasalahan tersebut dengan menerapkan metode design thinking. Pendekatan design thinking berfokus pada pemahaman kebutuhan dan perspektif pengguna dalam memecahkan masalah yang mengutamakan empati, kreativitas, dan pembuatan prototipe. Design thinking menawarkan kerangka kerja yang kuat untuk mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21. Siswa dan guru dari berbagai tingkatan terlibat dalam penelitian ini dan mencoba untuk menemukan dan fokus pada masalah dalam pembelajaran daring. Siswa dan guru menemukan solusi untuk memecahkan masalah dalam pembelajaran daring dengan melakukan peningkatan interaksi antara guru dan siswa.
Pembentukan Model Recurrent Neural Network dan Connectionist Temporal Classification Pada Pengenalan Kata Tulisan Tangan Offline
Authors: Susetianingtias Diana Tri , Rini Arianty  , Rodiah  , Eka Patriya
Published: November 2023

Pengolahan informasi sebagai bentuk dari pengembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat adalah pengenalan tulisan tangan. Pengenalan tulisan tangan saat ini banyak diimplementasikan untuk melakukan identifikasi dokumen-dokumen penting berbentuk digital. Pengenalan tulisan tangan cetak dengan benar dan akurat dapat digunakan untuk menunjang kegiatan manusia baik dalam kegiatan sehari – hari, sekolah, maupun pekerjaan. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti akan melakukan pengenalan tulisan tangan cetak menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network pada perangkat mobile. Penelitian juga akan mengimplementasikan model CNN yang dihasilkan pada android dan mengidentifikasi tulisan tangan yang diambil secara langsung menggunakan kamera. Proses pelatihan menggunakan library tensorflow pada bahasa pemrograman python, dilakukan secara online. Model CNN berhasil dibentuk dengan jumlah 11 hidden layer, terdiri dari 5 lapisan konvolusi, 3 lapisan max pooling, 1 lapisan flatten, dan 2 lapisan fully connected. Model mengambil masukan berupa citra berukuran 28 x 28 piksel dan menghasilkan keluaran berupa pengenalan tulisan tangan cetak. Total parameter bobot yang dimiliki oleh model berjumlah 1.556.495 variabel. Model CNN yang sudah dilatih berhasil diimplementasikan dan dijalankan pada aplikasi android. Berdasarkan perhitungan Global Performance Metric, Aplikasi berhasil mengenali citra tulisan tangan 1 kata dengan akurasi 82,12%. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat mengenali tulisan tangan cetak dengan akurasi tinggi pada perangkat android.
Analisis Sentimen Pada Proyeksi Pemilihan Presiden 2024 Menggunakan Metode Support Vector Machine
Authors: Asno Azzawagama Firdaus  , Anton Yudhana  , Imam Riadi
Published: November 2023

Indonesia menganut sistem demokrasi dan Pemilihan Umum sebagai penerapan dari sistem tersebut. Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dilaksanakan tahun 2024 dan isu tersebut menjadi fokus perbincangan publik. Calon-calon dan koalisi pengusung terus melakukan kampanye politik secara tradisional maupun melalui media sosial. Twitter menjadi platform media sosial yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk membicarakan isu Pemilihan Presiden. Keberpihakan masyarakat dapat diketahui pada diskusi yang ada di Twitter, namun diperlukan pembelajaran komputer yang mampu mengklasifikasi sentimen tersebut. Analisis sentimen digunakan sebagai salah satu teknik untuk mengklasifikasi sentimen masyarakat di Twitter tentang isu Pemilihan Presiden. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Support Vector Machine (SVM) untuk klasifikasi teks. Didapatkan hasil sentimen berdasarkan tiga dataset kandidat yang dipilih, yaitu anies baswedan 65,62%, ganjar pranowo 73,58%, dan prabowo subianto 66,34%. Hasil akurasi metode yang dimiliki oleh ketiga dataset yaitu anies baswedan 73%, ganjar pranowo 79% dan prabowo subianto 79%. Berdasarkan wordcloud popularitas kata yang muncul di Twitter dengan pembahasan Presiden 2024 secara berturut-turut adalah “prabowo subianto”, “presiden ri”, “calon presiden”, “ganjar pranowo”, hingga “anies baswedan”.
Application Of the Cobit 2019 Framework to Analyse the Security Of Academic Information Systems
Authors: Anam M Khairul , Putri Silvyana Dwi , Yuliana Devi , Yumami Eva , Lestari Tri Putri
Published: November 2023

STMIK Amik Riau implements an integrated information system to support a fast and real-time information management process where each service has its security. In this study, the analysis used to determine the maturity level of information system security governance was the COBIT 2019 framework with a CMMI scale. In COBIT 2019 the domains used were DSS05 and APO13. Based on the result of the analysis, the results of the average value of the overall maturity level on the security of the academic information system of STMIK Amik Riau were currently at level 3, which was defined. It meant that the security of the information system was running well but needed to be evaluated and optimized continuously. The value of each sub domain was 3.08 for the DSS05 sub domain (user), 3.35 for DSS 05 sub domains (maintainer), and 2.5 for APO13 sub domains (maintainer). Then the average result obtained from the gap was 0.53, meaning that the current level of maturity level with the desired maturity level is not too far away and can be increased by providing recommendations.
Tata Kelola Rekam Medis Berbasis Elektronik Dalam Pengelolaan Pelaporan Instalasi Rawat Jalan Dengan Metode Waterfall
Authors: Inka Rahmawati  , Falaah Abdussalaam  , Irda Sari
Published: November 2023

Pencatatan dan pelaporan berkas rekam medis merupakan kegiatan yang harus dilakukan oleh sarana pelayanan kesehatan. Hal tersebut mendorong penulis untuk merancang tata kelola rekam medis berbasis elektronik dalam pengelolaan pelaporan instalasi rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit AMC Bandung yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan petugas dalam membuat laporan. Pelaporan di Rumah Sakit AMC Bandung masih berupa penginputan manual dengan cara memasukkan data satu persatu ke Microsoft Excel dari rekam medis pasien sehingga memungkinkan terjadinya human error. Teknik pegumpulan data dilakukan melalui tahapan observasi juga wawancara. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan deskriptif dan metode waterfall menjadi metode pengembangan perangkat lunaknya. Perancangan struktural yang diterapkan pada aplikasi ini yaitu pembuatan Flowmap, Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram, dan Entity Relationship Diagram yang diimplementasikan dengan bahasa pemrograman Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 dan media penyimpanan menggunakan Microsoft Access. Tahap pengujian dilakukan melalui metode blackbox testing serta whitebox testing. Hasil dari pengembangan ini mampu memudahkan petugas rekam medis dalam melakukan penginputan data dalam pembuatan laporan di instalasi rawat jalan, maka dari itu pelaporan berjalan efektif dan efisien.
Perancangan Aplikasi Pengenalan Aksara Jawa Digital Menggunakan Convulotional Neural Network dan Computer Vision
Authors: Jonathan Alvin , Wasito Ito
Published: November 2023

Aksara Jawa merupakan salah satu aksara tertua yang terkenal dan sering digunakan oleh masyarakat pulau Jawa untuk penulisan sehari-harinya. Namun pada zaman sekarang penggunaan aksara Jawa sudah jarang digunakan oleh masyarakat dan ketertarikan para generasi muda untuk mempelajari budaya Jawa yang berupa aksara ini sangat minim. Pada penelitian ini akan membahas tentang penggunaan teknologi Deep Learning dan Computer Vision untuk pembelajaran aksara Jawa dan sebagai sarana dalam pelestarian budaya Jawa. Penulis menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan mencari dan membaca dari penelitian-penelitian terdahulu untuk menemukan keterbaruan dalam penelitian. Pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan teknologi Deep Learning, Computer Vision, dan algoritma Deep Learning yaitu Convolutional Neural Network untuk mengklasifikasikan gambar aksara Jawa tulisan tangan digital. Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji akurasi dari penggunaan teknologi Deep Learning dan Computer Vision dalam pengenalan dan klasifikasi gambar aksara Jawa tulisan tangan digital berdasarkan kelompoknya. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan akurasi yang cukup memuaskan dari penggunaan algoritma Convolutional Neural Network sebesar 84% dalam pengenalan gambar aksara Jawa tulisan tangan digital.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Digital “Bataku” Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi
Authors: Farida Hanim Ari , Yuwana Setya , Hendratno
Published: November 2023

Penggunaan media pembelajaran digital BATAKU berbasis Android bertujuan untuk mengatasi rendahnya keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi proses dan hasil pengembangan media pembelajaran digital BATAKU berbasis Android guna meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di kelas VI Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah R&D dengan model ASSURE. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 34 siswa kelas VI di SD Negeri Sumput, Kecamatan Sidoarjo. Validasi media yang dilakukan menunjukkan hasil yang tinggi dalam berbagai aspek, yaitu aspek materi (89,09% - sangat valid), aspek penyajian (92,5% - sangat valid), aspek kebahasaan (89,89% - sangat valid), dan aspek kegrafikan (90,09% - sangat valid). Keefektifan media pembelajaran digital BATAKU berbasis Android yang telah dikembangkan dapat dilihat dari perbandingan keterampilan menulis siswa sebelum dan setelah penggunaan media tersebut. Pada awalnya, seluruh 34 siswa memiliki keterampilan menulis di bawah KKM (kriteria ketuntasan minimal), tetapi setelah menggunakan media tersebut, keterampilan menulis mereka mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dan melebihi KKM. Uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks menghasilkan nilai P sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Kesimpulan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Android, termasuk validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan, telah menghasilkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa kelas VI sekolah dasar.
Penerapan Model Arsitektur VGG16 Untuk Klasifikasi Jenis Sampah
Authors: Ety Sutanty  , Maukar  , Dina Kusuma Astuti  , Handayani
Published: November 2023

Data dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan melalui Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah tumpukan sampah hampir 30 Ton pada 2021 dengan sumber sampah terbanyak berasal dari produksi sampah rumah tangga dan kegiatan industri. Cara menyelesaikan masalah pengolahan sampah adalah melalui kegiatan pengolahan sampah yang lebih efektif, salah satunya dengan melakukan klasifikasi jenis sampah menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan klasifikasi jenis sampah berdasarkan citra sampah dengan metode CNN menggunakan arsitektur VGG-16 menggunakan dataset Garbage Classification dari situs Kaggle. Arsitektur VGG-16 pada penelitian ini menggunakan 16 lapisan layer yang terdiri atas 13 lapisan layer konvolusi dan 3 lapisan fully-connected. Pelatihan model menggunakan library tensorflow dengan rasio split data 7:1.5:1.5 untuk data latih, data test dan data validasi. Model CNN arsitektur VGG-16 sebagai metode transfer learning dimodifikasi dengan penambahan beberapa lapisan diantaranya pooling layer dengan GlobalAveragePooling2D, dense layer dengan aktivasi ReLU, dan dense layer dengan aktivasi softmax sebagai lapisan full connected layer. Hasil dari pelatihan mendapatkan nilai accuracy sebesar 82.89% dan nilai val_accuracy sebesar 84.62%. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pemerintah dalam melakukan pengolahan sampah dalam bentuk yang lebih stabil dan tidak mencemari lingkungan serta mengurangi jumlah sampah yang harus ditimbun.