bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigaciones en organización industrial y sustentabilidad: Análisis cruciales para las organizaciones
Authors: López Torres Gabriela Citlalli , Hernández Díaz Reyes , Montejano García Salomón , Loza Covarrubias Irvin Edgardo , Gándara González Felipe de Jesús , Villordo Chávez Xane , Mejía Bernal Gerardo Armando , Puerta Jiménez César Arturo , Pérez Salas María Isabel , Fernández Lambert Gregorio , Ruvalcaba Sánchez Ma. Loecelia Guadalupe , Hernández  Castorena Octavio , Marlés Betancourt Claritza , Correa Cruz Lucelly , Peña Torres Parcival
Published: August 2024

Desde el comienzo de la era industrial se ha estado en evolución constante, siempre con la intención de mejorar los sistemas y procesos de producción de las organizaciones, con el propósito de lograr la competitividad requerida para permanecer en el mercado y desarrollarse. Por otro lado, nos encontramos con el término sustentabilidad, el cual ha sido objeto de diferentes interpretaciones por los estudiosos, con el problema de hacer que el sentido real se diluya en otros significados basados en el contexto que los rige. Las investigaciones hacen referencia a este concepto cuando la sustentabilidad se considera como la utilización óptima de los recursos, pero con la condición de que se logre el desarrollo de la organización, sin que los recursos se vean en riesgo de desaparecer por el mal uso y el abuso. Una organización con la práctica sustentable en sus operaciones asegura su desarrollo y competitividad sobre las que no tiene estos principios bien establecidos. Con esto en mente, los investigadores participantes en este libro exponen el resultado de sus investigaciones, direccionadas al establecimiento de prácticas que logran determinar las bases para el desarrollo general de las organizaciones, sustentadas en el buen desempeño. En primer lugar, con el título Impacto de los líderes para promover la mejora del sistema de gestión de la organización en las mipymes de Aguascalientes, México, se analiza la importancia del liderazgo para que los sistemas de calidad sean implementados a través de la organización e impacten en su competitividad. El segundo capítulo, Impacto de la cadena de suministros en la eficiencia y competitividad de las microempresas en Aguascalientes, muestra la importancia de este factor en las empresas con menos de diez trabajadores y cómo la cadena de suministro impacta significativamente sobre el éxito o fracaso de la organización, siendo el servicio postventa y el control de adquisiciones los factores de la cadena de suministro que mayormente influyen sobre la eficiencia de la organización. El tercero, Caracterización geográfica de la producción de café en Oaxaca, México, plantea una solución a la problemática del cultivo de un grano que, por su naturaleza, requiere en la etapa de siembra y recolección de mano de obra intensiva. En el cuarto capítulo, Incidencia de la gestión de proveedores, en el rendimiento de las mipymes (Florencia, Caquetá), se plantea el caso de proveedores de insumos a la organización que, cuando la gestión de estos es buena, es posible lograr obtener insumos de excelente calidad a precios muy competitivos.
Infertility Among Healthcare Professionals: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Richard Riya Mary , Zaheer Atroba , Krishna M.V Balamurali , Hazrami Zainab Saleh Sayeed Al Jabri , Weerasekara Kashmira , Starwin Asha , Aarewatte Dilina , Korrapati Naga Harika
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Infertility globally poses significant physical, emotional, social, and economic challenges. Despite extensive research on infertility in the general population, there needs to be more understanding regarding its prevalence and effects on healthcare professionals. This article addresses this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of infertility in the healthcare industry, highlighting its unique aspects and implications.

Methods: The search strategy for this literature review yielded 1,323 studies from the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. After duplicate removal and screening of the articles using the authors’ inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 21 articles included surveys, cross-sectional, and cohort studies, followed by reviews.

Results: Female healthcare workers, especially emergency physicians and surgeons, face higher infertility risks due to occupational stressors, with 76% of female surgeons utilising assisted reproductive technology for conception, well above the general population. Sleep deprivation from shift work exacerbates infertility, while long hours increase pregnancy complications. Hazards like radiation and chemicals contribute to menstrual disorders and congenital anomalies. Gender disparities persist, impacting career and lifestyle choices among otolaryngologists.

Discussion: Infertility poses challenges for healthcare professionals, with a limited understanding of male infertility. Female surgeons often delay pregnancy due to training, relying on assisted reproductive technologies. Gender differences in divorce and childbirth rates highlight unique challenges females face, including infertility. Long work hours and occupational hazards further complicate fertility issues. Sleep deprivation affects reproductive hormones, impacting fertility across all ages.

Conclusion: Studies indicate that female surgeons face heightened pregnancy risks, underscoring the need for job changes to prioritise parenthood. Career pressures affect female physicians’ decisions to start families, potentially perpetuating gender inequities. Further research on male infertility is crucial for addressing healthcare industry challenges.
Superradiance: the principles of generation and implementation in lasers*
Authors: Kocharovsky VI V , Zheleznyakov V V , Kocharovskaya E R , Kocharovsky V V
Published: August 2024

The electrodynamics of active continuous media is applied to theoretically examine collective spontaneous emission regimes of dipole oscillator ensembles. Recent experiments in which the superfluorescence phenomenon has been observed are reviewed. The focus is on propagation and interaction effects experienced by the inhomogeneous waves of active center polarization and electromagnetic fields. The superradiant laser dynamics is examined and prospects for the realization of superradiant lasers using low-Q cavities are discussed.
HUBUNGAN METODE BANDONGAN KITAB TADZHIB TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI DI MADRASAH ALIYAH SEBLAK KWARON JOMBANG
Authors: Sansiska Ningrum Lely
Published: August 2024

This research is motivated by how the relationship between the Bandongan Method used in Madrasas and Student Learning Motivation. This study has three problem formulations, namely the bandongan method, learning motivation, the relationship of the bandongan method to the learning motivation of class XI MASS students Seblak Kwaron Jombang. This research is a type of quantitative research with correlational data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The sample in this study amounted to 20 people consisting of several students of class XI MASS Seblak Kwaron Jombang. There are two research variables, namely Bandongan Method (X) and Learning Motivation (Y). The data analysis technique used Validity and Reliability Test Instruments. There are 20 items that are declared valid with a significant level of 0.015. Then to find out whether the instrument is reliable or not, Cronbach's alpha test will be carried out with the acquisition of the Bandongan Cronbach's Alpha Bandongan Test with a value of 0.925> 0.6. While Cronbach's Alpha Learning Reability Learning Motivation is 0.955. From the results of the reliability test of the relationship between Bandongan Method and Learning Motivation, using the Spearman Correlation formula with a value of 0.752 which means getting the strength of the relationship between Variable X and Variable Y.
PENGARUH MEDIA SERBANEKA TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MATERI AKHLAK DI PONDOK PESANTREN WALISONGO PUTRA CUKIR JOMBANG
Authors: Alan Ubaidirrohman Ibnu
Published: August 2024

: Miscellaneous media are expected to provide effective learning methods and generate feedback related to students' understanding of a material. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of 1) knowing the application of various media at the Walisongo Putra Cukir Jombang Islamic Boarding School, 2) knowing the level of understanding of moral material by students at the Walisongo Putra Cukir Jombang Islamic Boarding School and 3) knowing the effect of various media on understanding the material. morals at the Walisongo Putra Cukir Islamic Boarding School, Jombang. The research method uses a quantitative approach that is expost facto, with a research sample of 20 students. The research data were analyzed with the help of the SPSS version 16.0 application. The results showed that the multifarious media had been applied quite well, as seen from the increased enthusiasm of the students, but the results of the analysis showed that there was no significant influence in the application of the multifarious media on the understanding of moral material at the Walisongo Putra Cukir Jombang Islamic Boarding School.
PENGARUH METODE TALKING STICK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SMK NU 01 JOGOROTO JOMBANG
Authors: Hana Al Fazila  , Hasan Zaenal Arifin
Published: August 2024

Pada umumnya pusat saat proses pembelajaran adalah berfokus pada pengajar. Dalam proses meningkatkan keberhasilan belajar siswa, yang memiliki peran penting adalah guru. Biasanya pembelajaran yang terjadi adalah siswa duduk dan menyimak apa yang disampaikan oleh gurunya yang menjadikan keefektifan belajar menjadi kurang. Dengan ini, maka diperlukan sebuah metode belajar agar keaktifan kembali hidup. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui megetahui pelaksanaan, hasil belajar dan  pengaruh metode Talking Stick terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Penelitian ini mengguanakan metode kuantitatif dengan quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. Dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan pengamatan, test, dan foto-foto. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 1). Pelaksanaan metode ini berjalan dengan baik. Dibuktikan dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi yaitu frekuensi sebanyak 12 dengan interval 85-95 dan presentase sebesar 46.15% termasuk dalam kategori baik. 2). Pada kelas percobaan diketahui nilai mean pretest 55,00 dan posttest 87,88. Sedangkan kelas kontrol, mean nilai pretest nya 42,69 dan posttest 63,27. Keluaran belajar siswa kelas X mapel PAI di SMK NU 01 Jogoroto Jombang meningkat sebagai bentuk Indikator dari nilai mean. 3). Hasil perhitungan paired sample t test menggunakan dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% nilai Sig. (2tailed) adalah sebesar 0,000 (0,000 < 0,05) yang artinya H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR PAI DI SMPN 2 NGORO JOMBANG
Authors: Chafid Charis Mochammad , Anshori Sholihul
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Suatu keadaan yang berusaha menciptakan keadaan belajar antar siswa bisa saling aktif untuk menunjukkan mereka mampu melalui proses belajar bersama guru dengan saling menyampaikan pendapat itulah yang disebut implementasi pada sebuah model belajar yang interaktif. Berdasarkan masalah diatas, penelitian ini mempunyai 3 tujuan yang berkaitan yaitu cara implementasi pembelajaran interaktif, minat belajar serta faktor pendukung juga penghambat untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran Interaktif di SMPN 2 Ngoro Jombang. Jenis penelitiannya adalah penelitian studi kasus. Model yang diambil sebagai metode adalah kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa: pembelajaran interaktif ini bisa membuat siswa semakin mudah dikondisikan karena perhatian penuk yang dilakukan oleh guru kaena ada komunikasi secara dua arah, dan  minat belajar siswa ini bisa terjadi karena adanya metode yang menyenangkan peserta didik dan adanya fasilitas yang memadai untuk melakukan kegiatan yang mengarah pada peserta didik yang mampu belajar dengan aktif dan merasa senang dalam mengikutinya.
Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Interaktif, Minat Belajar PAI
A STUDY ON THE THREATS OF FINANCIAL CRIMES IN NEPAL
Authors: Pokharel Grishma
Published: August 2024

Nepal faces a complex array of financial crimes, including money laundering, terrorist financing, corruption, cybercrime, and fraud, exacerbated by cross-border vulnerabilities and regulatory weaknesses. To effectively address these challenges, a multifaceted and adaptive approach is essential. This includes strengthening regulatory frameworks to bolster the financial system, implementing robust policies, and enhancing cyber security measures to protect against digital threats. Improved international collaboration is crucial, as financial crimes often cross national boundaries; thus, sharing information, coordinating investigations, and harmonizing regulatory practices globally can enhance countermeasures. Public awareness is also vital, as educating citizens about risks and preventive measures empowers them to contribute to the fight against financial crimes and acts as a deterrent. Continuous research and vigilance are necessary to stay ahead of evolving threats, requiring collaboration among government agencies, financial institutions, and research bodies to gather intelligence and develop effective strategies.
An attempt to actively record subjective energy states and objective motoric behavioural patterns in Type 1 bipolar disorder
Authors: Herson Dorothy
Published: August 2024

Dorothy Herson examines the idea that mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder, might be better understood as conditions of energy dysregulation and motor activity rather than simply disorders of mood. Herson suggests that traditional perspectives, which largely emphasize mood symptoms, may not fully capture the significance of energy dynamics in these disorders. The paper underscores the importance of developing methods to actively monitor both subjective energy levels and objective motor behaviors, which could help distinguish different subtypes of mood disorders, predict their progression, and improve treatment outcomes. Drawing from personal experiences with Type 1 bipolar disorder, Herson discusses how fluctuations in energy levels manifest in changes in motor activity and cognitive function, separate from mood states. The diary entries analyzed show that depressive episodes are characterized by extreme lethargy and cognitive sluggishness, while manic episodes are marked by excessive energy and hyperactivity. This shift in focus from mood to energy challenges common societal views and stigmas surrounding mood disorders, highlighting the role of physiological limitations rather than just emotional swings. Herson’s perspective advocates for a reevaluation of how these disorders are conceptualised, which could lead to more effective treatments that address the underlying physiological factors, such as disruptions in circadian rhythms and mitochondrial dysfunction. This approach may offer a new direction for understanding and managing mood disorders.
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (Tdp2) repairs DNA-protein crosslinks and protects against double strand breaks in vivo
Authors: Anticevic Ivan , Otten Cecile , Popovic Marta
Published: August 2024

DNA-protein crosslinks pose a significant challenge to genome stability and cell viability. Efficient repair of DPCs is crucial for preserving genomic integrity and preventing the accumulation of DNA damage. Despite recent advances in our understanding of DPC repair, many aspects of this process, especially at the organismal level, remain elusive. In this study, we used zebrafish as a model organism to investigate the role of TDP2 (Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2) in DPC repair. We characterized the two tdp2 orthologs in zebrafish using phylogenetic, syntenic and expression analysis and investigated the phenotypic consequences of tdp2 silencing in zebrafish embryos. We then quantified the effects of tdp2a and tdp2b silencing on cellular DPC levels and DSB accumulation in zebrafish embryos. Our findings revealed that tdp2b is the main ortholog during embryonic development, while both orthologs are ubiquitously present in adult tissues. Notably, the tdp2b ortholog is phylogenetically closer to human TDP2. Silencing of tdp2b, but not tdp2a, resulted in the loss of Tdp2 activity in zebrafish embryos, accompanied by the accumulation of DPCs and DSBs. Our findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of DPC repair at the organismal level and underscore the significance of TDP2 in maintaining genome stability.
Horn size is linked to Sertoli cell efficiency and sperm size homogeneity during sexual development in common eland (Taurotragus oryx)
Authors: Pintus Eliana , Kotrba Radim , Ros-Santaella José Luis
Published: August 2024

Background: In polygynous species, the development of secondary sexual characters is usually decisive for male reproductive success. However, our understanding about the links between the growth of these traits and reproductive efficiency is still elusive. Most research efforts in this topic have been also focused on adult males, although the development of some secondary sexual characters, like bovid horns, typically starts after birth, continues during the puberty and in some species, such as the common eland, slows or even stops during adulthood. In this study, we investigated the relationships between horn size and testicular function during sexual development in common elands using a comprehensive approach that considers both spermatogenic and sperm parameters.

Methods: Twenty-two non-sexually mature common elands were used for the present study. Horn size, body mass, testes mass, and gonadosomatic index were assessed. Spermatogenic activity was determined by cytological and histological analyses. Sperm concentration, morphology, morphometry, and intramale variation in sperm size were evaluated on epididymal sperm samples. Cluster analysis was performed to explore the influence of age on relationships between horn size and reproductive function.

Results: We found that bigger horns are associated with increased Sertoli cell efficiency and reduced intramale variation in sperm size. Both parameters were not related to one another while they have shown to be associated with enhanced sperm quality in ungulates. Moreover, horn size was positively linked to the testis mass, sperm concentration, and testicular investment in the seminiferous epithelium. Spiral length and basal circumference were the horn traits most strongly correlated with spermatogenic and sperm parameters as well as those responsible for the sexual dimorphism in this species. Cluster analysis rendered two groups: the first one including males ≤30 months old, while the second one those >30 months old. Horn development and reproductive function were still correlated within age groups, with the strongest relationship found between horn size and sperm size homogeneity in males >30 months old.

Conclusion: Taken together, our results indicate that horn size can be regarded as a good index of male reproductive potential during sexual development and provide insights into the role of secondary sexual characters in sexual selection dynamics.
Integrative proteome and metabolome analyses reveal molecular basis of the tail resorption during the metamorphic climax of Nanorana pleskei
Authors: Zhang Tao , Jia Lun , Li Xinying , Niu Zhiyi , Zhang Siping , Dong Weijun , Peng Liang , Ma Miaojun , Wang Huihui , Tang Xiaolong , Chen Qiang
Published: August 2024

During the metamorphosis of anuran amphibians, the tail resorption process is a necessary and crucial change. One subject that has received relatively little or no attention is the expression patterns of proteins and metabolites in the different tail portions during metamorphosis, especially in highland amphibians. The mechanisms of tail resorption in three portions (the tip, middle and root) of the tail were investigated in N. pleskei G43 tadpole based on two omics (proteomic and metabolomic). Integrin αVβ3 was found to be high expressed in the distal portion of the tail, which could improve the sensitiveness to thyroid hormones in the distal portion of the tail. Muscle regression displayed a spatial pattern with stronger regression in distal and weaker one in proximal portion. Probably, this stronger regression was mainly performed by the proteases of proteasome from the active translation by ribosomes. The suicide model and murder model coexisted in the tail resorption. Meanwhile, fatty acids, amino acids, pyrimidine, and purine which derived from the breakdown of tissues can be used as building blocks or energy source for successful metamorphosis. Our data improved a better comprehension of the tail resorption mechanisms underlying the metamorphism of N. pleskei tadpole through identifying important participating proteins and metabolites.
Visual input regulates melanophore differentiation
Authors: Atkinson-Leadbeater Karen , Bertolesi Gabriel E. , McFarlane Sarah
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Developmental processes continue in organisms in which sensory systems have reached functional maturity, however, little research has focused on the influence of sensory input on cell and tissue development. Here, we explored the influence of visual system activity on the development of skin melanophores in Xenopus laevis.

Methods

Melanophore number was measured in X. laevis larvae after the manipulation of visual input through eye removal (enucleation) and/or incubation on a white or black substrate at the time when the visual system becomes functional (stage 40). To determine the developmental process impacted by visual input, migration, proliferation and differentiation of melanophores was assessed. Finally, the role of melatonin in driving melanophore differentiation was explored.

Results

Enucleating, or maintaining stage 40 larvae on a black background, results in a pronounced increase in melanophore number in the perioptic region within 24 h. Time lapse analysis revealed that in enucleated larvae new melanophores appear through gradual increase in pigmentation, suggesting unpigmented cells in the perioptic region differentiate into mature melanophores upon reduced visual input. In support, we observed increased expression of melanization genes tyr, tyrp1, and pmel in the perioptic region of enucleated or black background-reared larvae. Conversely, maintaining larvae in full light suppresses melanophore differentiation. Interestingly, an extra-pineal melatonin signal was found to be sufficient and necessary to promote the transition to differentiated melanophores.

Discussion

In this study, we found that at the time when the visual system becomes functional, X. laevis larvae possess a population of undifferentiated melanophores that can respond rapidly to changes in the external light environment by undergoing differentiation. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism of environmental influence where external sensory signals influence cell differentiation in a manner that would favor survival.
COVID-19 epidemic investigation study of a follow-up cohort of patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Wang Qian , Dong Zheyi , Zhang Weiguang , Zheng Ying , Lyu Qiang , Zhang Ruimin , Huang Hui , Liu Fang , Wang Yong , Zhang Li , Cao Xueying , Wu Jie , Zhou Jianhui , Cai Guangyan , Chen Xiangmei
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients in China is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate infection status in a DKD cohort post-renal biopsy and analyze vaccination and infection rates, as well as symptom severity, across various renal pathologies in DKD patients.

Methods

This epidemiological survey, centered on COVID-19, employed a Chinese DKD and renal puncture follow-up cohort. A customized questionnaire enabled standardized data gathering. It collected data on clinical characteristics, vaccination and infection statuses, and diverse pathological types. The study analyzed the relationship between vaccination and infection statuses across various pathological types, evaluating characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with infections.

Results

In total, 437 patients with DKD from 26 Chinese provinces were followed up for a median of 44.6 ± 20 months. COVID-19 infection, vaccination, and novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) rates were 73.68%, 59.3%, and 6.63%, respectively. Ten patients with NCP had severe pneumonia or died of COVID-19. Renal pathology revealed that 167 (38.22%) patients had diabetic nephropathy (DN), 171 (39.13%) had non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD), and 99 had DN and NDRD (22.65%). The DN group had the lowest vaccination (54.5%), highest all-cause mortality (3.6%), and highest endpoint rates (34.10%). Compared to patients who were not vaccinated pre-infection (117 cases), vaccinated patients (198 cases) had reduced NCP (6.6% vs. 13.7%), severity (1.0% vs. 3.4%), and endpoint (9.10% vs. 31.60%) rates.

Conclusion

Vaccination can prevent infection and diminish COVID-19 severity in patients with DKD; therefore, increasing vaccination rates is particularly important.

Clinical Trial registration

ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT05888909.
The role of inflammatory proteins in regulating the impact of lipid specifications on deep venous thrombosis: a two sample and mediated Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Dong Fan , Sun Jiahao , Zhang Yudong
Published: August 2024

Objective

To investigate the potential mediating role of inflammatory proteins in the association between lipid species and Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT).

Methods

A comprehensive analysis was conducted using pooled data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), incorporating double-sample and reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques, to identify the specific inflammatory proteins that act as intermediaries among 91 screened proteins in relation to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Furthermore, a two-step MR approach was employed to quantify the proportion of DVT risk attributed to lipid effects mediated by these inflammatory proteins.

Results

The MR Analysis revealed that the two inflammatory proteins, as predicted by genetics, served as mediating factors in the impact of five lipids on DVT. No reverse effect of DVT was observed on 179 lipid species and 91 inflammatory proteins. In the case of TAG(58:7) and its influence on DVT, CCL20 played an intermediary role with an estimated proportion of 12.51% (ranging from 12% to 13%). SIRT2 exhibited a masking effect on DVT for PC(17:0/20:4) and PC(18:0/20:4), while CCL20 masked the impact of DVT on PC(14:0/18:2), PC(15:0/18:2), and PC(18:0/20:5).

Conclusions

In our study, we identified CCL20 as a crucial mediator in the association between TAG(58:7) and DVT, with a mediating proportion of 12.51% (12%-13%). Further investigations are warranted to explore other potential risk factors acting as mediators.
Effects of Leydig cell elimination on testicular interstitial cell populations: characterization by scRNA-seq and immunocytochemical techniques
Authors: Huang Fu , Wang Jiexia , Wang Hu , Hu Yun , Li Zhenni , Xu Jingfeng , Qin Mengjie , Wen Xin , Cao Shuyan , Guan Xiaoju , Duan Ping , Chen Haolin , Chen Congde
Published: August 2024

Background

The mammalian testicular interstitial cells are not well-defined. The present study characterized the interstitial cell types and their turnover dynamics in adult rats. Additionally, the heterogeneity of the mesenchymal population and the effects of Leydig cell elimination on interstitial homeostasis were further analyzed by scRNA-seq datasets and immunocytochemical techniques.

Methods

Interstitial cells were defined at the transcriptomic level by scRNA-seq and then confirmed and quantified with protein markers. The dividing activity of the major cell types was determined by continuous EdU labeling of the animals for one week. Some of the rats were also treated with a dose of ethylenedimethylsulfonate (EDS) to examine how the loss of Leydig cells (LCs) could affect interstitial homeostasis for three weeks.

Results

Seven interstitial cell types were identified, including cell types (percentage of the whole interstitial population) as follows: Leydig (44.6%), macrophage and dendritic (19.1%), lymphoid (6.2%), vascular endothelial (7.9%), smooth muscle (10.7%), and mesenchymal (11.5%) cells. The EdU experiment indicated that most cell types were dividing at relatively low levels (<9%) except for the mesenchymal cells (MCs, 17.1%). Further analysis of the transcriptome of MCs revealed 4 subgroups with distinct functions, including 1) glutathione metabolism and xenobiotic detoxification, 2) ROS response and AP-1 signaling, 3) extracellular matrix synthesis and binding, and 4) immune response and regulation. Stem LCs (SLCs) are primarily associated with subgroup 3, expressing ARG1 and GAP43. EDS treatment not only eliminated LCs but also increased subgroup 3 and decreased subgroups 1 and 2 of the mesenchymal population. Moreover, EDS treatment increased the division of immune cells by more than tenfold in one week.

Conclusion

Seven interstitial cell types were identified and quantified for rat testis. Many may play more diversified roles than previously realized. The elimination of LCs led to significant changes in MCs and immune cells, indicating the importance of LCs in maintaining testicular interstitial homeostasis.
A predictive model for L-T4 dose in postoperative DTC after RAI therapy and its clinical validation in two institutions
Authors: Liu Jian-Jing , Wang Zi-Yang , Yue Yuan-Fang , Yin Guo-Tao , Tong Li-Na , Fu Jie , Ma Xiao-Ying , Li Yan , Liu Xue-Yao , Zhang Li-Bo , Su Qian , Yang Zhao , Li Xiao-Feng , Xu Wen-Gui , Dai Dong
Published: August 2024

Purpose

To develop a predictive model using machine learning for levothyroxine (L-T4) dose selection in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after resection and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy and to prospectively validate the accuracy of the model in two institutions.

Methods

A total of 266 DTC patients who received RAI therapy after thyroidectomy and achieved target thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level were included in this retrospective study. Sixteen clinical and biochemical characteristics that could potentially influence the L-T4 dose were collected; Significant features correlated with L-T4 dose were selected using machine learning random forest method, and a total of eight regression models were established to assess their performance in prediction of L-T4 dose after RAI therapy; The optimal model was validated through a two-center prospective study (n=263).

Results

Six significant clinical and biochemical features were selected, including body surface area (BSA), weight, hemoglobin (HB), height, body mass index (BMI), and age. Cross-validation showed that the support vector regression (SVR) model was with the highest accuracy (53.4%) for prediction of L-T4 dose among the established eight models. In the two-center prospective validation study, a total of 263 patients were included. The TSH targeting rate based on constructed SVR model were dramatically higher than that based on empirical administration (Rate 1 (first rate): 52.09% (137/263) vs 10.53% (28/266); Rate 2 (cumulative rate): 85.55% (225/263) vs 53.38% (142/266)). Furthermore, the model significantly shortens the time (days) to achieve target TSH level (62.61 ± 58.78 vs 115.50 ± 71.40).

Conclusions

The constructed SVR model can effectively predict the L-T4 dose for postoperative DTC after RAI therapy, thus shortening the time to achieve TSH target level and improving the quality of life for DTC patients.
Association of oxidative balance score, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ni Chengming , Wang Xiaohang , Zhou Yunting , Wang Qianqian , Cai Zhensheng , Wang Huan , Chen Yang , Liu Yu , Sun Zilin
Published: August 2024

Background

To investigate the association between oxidative balance score (OBS), cardiovascular mortality (CVM), and all-cause mortality (ACM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods

We included 6,119 participants with T2DM from the 2005-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). The status of CVM and ACM of participants was followed through December 31, 2019. Multivariable Cox regression models, Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test, restricted cubic spline regression, and subgroup analysis, were used to evaluate the relationship between OBS, CVM, and ACM.

Results

During a median of 100.9 months follow-up, 1,790 ACM cases had occurred, 508 of which were due to cardiovascular disease. The T2DM participants were divided into four groups based on the quartiles of OBS. Participants with Q4 tended to be younger, financially better-off, married, highly educated, had lower alcohol consumption rates, were non-smokers, and exhibited a lower likelihood of ACM and CVM. In multivariate Cox regression models, compared with the patients with Q4, those with Q1 had a 30% increased risk for ACM (Q1, reference; Q4, HR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.58-0.86) and a 43% increased risk for CVM (Q1, reference; Q4, HR: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.36-0.88). The restricted cubic spline regression models have no nonlinear relationship between OBS, CVM, and ACM. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with Q4 had a lower risk of ACM and CVM (log-rank P < 0.05).

Conclusions

We find that ACM and CVM increase with higher OBS in T2DM patients. Moreover, there are linear relationships between OBS, ACM, and CVM.
GnRH agonist-only trigger, compared to dual trigger, reduces oocyte retrieval rate in high responders without affecting cumulative live birth rate
Authors: Wang Yu , Yi Yu-Chiao , Guu Hwa-Fen , Chen Ya-Fang , Kung Hsiao-Fan , Chang Jui-Chun , Chen Li-Yu , Chuan Shih-Ting , Chen Ming-Jer
Published: August 2024

Introduction

This study compared, in high responders undergoing IVF treatment, GnRH agonist-only trigger and dual trigger on oocyte retrieval rate and cumulative live birth rate (LBR). The aim was to determine if the GnRH agonist-only triggers had provided outcomes comparable to dual trigger, while minimizing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Materials and methods

A retrospective, matched case-control study was conducted at Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, including women who underwent IVF/ICSI between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2022. Inclusion criteria were: GnRH antagonist protocol and estrogen level >3,000 pg/ml on trigger day. Exclusion criteria were: immune/metabolic diseases, donated oocytes, and mixed stimulation cycles. Propensity score matching was applied to balance age, AMH level, and oocyte number between the GnRH agonist-only and dual trigger groups. Outcomes were analyzed for patients who had complete treatment cycles, focusing on oocyte retrieval rate and cumulative LBR.

Results

We analyzed 116 cycles in the agonist-only group, and 232 cycles in the dual trigger group. No inter-group difference was found in their age, BMI, and AMH levels. The dual trigger group had a higher oocyte retrieval rate (93% vs. 80%; p <0.05), while fertilization rates, blastocyst formation rates, and cumulative LBR were comparable. Notably, no OHSS cases had been reported in the GnRH agonist-only group, compared with 7 cases in the dual trigger group.

Conclusion

GnRH agonist-only triggers resulted in a lower oocyte retrieval rate compared to dual triggers but did not significantly affect cumulative LBR in high responders. This approach effectively reduces OHSS risk without compromising pregnancy outcomes, making it a preferable option in freeze-all strategies, despite a longer oocyte pick-up duration and a medium cost. GnRH agonist-only trigger, however, may not be suitable for fresh embryo transfers or patients with low serum LH levels on trigger day.
Data-driven decarbonization: Optimizing P+R in Istanbul with machine learning energy modeling and ITS
Authors: Kartal Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2024

Due to the rapidly developing technologies, fast and practical solutions are offered to the problems encountered in daily life. Metropolitan cities are greatly affected by the ever-increasing population and migrations to big cities, the increase in production with the economy and job opportunities. At this point, with the introduction of smart transportation systems, fast and effortless solutions can be produced by saving time and space. City life can be facilitated by applying more efficient and rational solutions with smart transportation systems. In this study, it is aimed to investigate information about the Intelligent Transportation Systems and one of its applications, park and ride, which has created a significant agenda within the scope of transportation engineering in the recent past, and to provide information about the investments made by examining the application for Istanbul along with its various applications in the world. Some suggestions will be made by emphasizing the importance of the park and Ride smart city application for Istanbul. In conclusion, predictions of P + R application and energy consumption in periods of 1–24 months were made through machine learning. By obtaining energy consumption data thanks to machine learning, carbon gas emissions and its effects on greenhouse gases were also examined. It can be thought that by obtaining energy consumption data for the long term thanks to machine learning, it can make significant contributions to future investments, green environment-green world, and climate change studies.
Exploring fecal sludge treatment technologies in humanitarian settings at Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: a comprehensive assessment of treatment efficiency through characterization of fecal sludge
Authors: Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Alam Mohammad Atique Ul , Moniruzzaman M. , Galib Faisal Chowdhury , Hossain Md. Sakib , Hussain Mohammed Tanveer , Paul Partha , Islam Md. Tamzid , Uddin Salman Zahir , Islam Md. Shafiqul , Hossain Md. Ferdous , Rahman Md. Mominur , Chowdhury Ahmed Ishtiaque Amin , Ananya Tazrina Habib , Rahman Mohammad Ashfaqur , Worth Martin , Mahmud Zahid Hayat
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Efficient treatment of fecal sludge in densely populated settings is essential as it has a direct impact on public health and the environment. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of fecal sludge treatment technologies in Rohingya camps at Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, focusing on removal efficiencies and compliance with regulatory standards.

Methods

Seventeen treatment plants of five different technologies were evaluated based on removal efficiency and standard discharge guidelines for various physicochemical and microbiological parameters.

Results

Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) was the top performer compared to four other different treatment technologies evaluated, achieving notable removal rates: 97.3% reduction in E. coli, 100% in helminth eggs, 98.3% for COD, 97.8% for BOD, 98.7% for TSS, 92.1% for TS, 82.8% for phosphate, and 93.3% for total nitrogen. Lime Stabilization Ponds showed lower removal rates, except for E. coli (98.9%), with reductions of 99.7% for helminth eggs, 81.6% for COD, 80.9% for BOD, 86.3% for TSS, 68.6% for TS, and 49.2% for phosphate. Upflow Filters demonstrated good removal efficiencies for E. coli (99.7%), TSS (95.9%), COD (91.7%), BOD (93.5%), and helminth eggs (93.7%). WSP consistently outperformed other technologies across all seasons. Despite these, none of the technologies fully met discharge standards.

Discussion

These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive approach, the combination of physicochemical and biological processes, to enhance efficacy. Promoting improved fecal sludge management technologies through awareness campaigns and technical support can mitigate environmental health risks in densely populated humanitarian settings.
Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tao Rongshan , Xiao Shujuan , Wang Lianping , Hu Chunjie , Suo Huiqin , Long Ruiyu , Liu Hangyu , Luo Wei , Hong Feng , Zhao Jingming , Li Qingjie
Published: August 2024

Objective

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Previous studies have reported that TB susceptibility can be caused by vitamin D deficiency, which is affected by polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. However, these results have been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between VDR polymorphisms and TB susceptibility.

Methods

We systematically searched for relevant literature in PubMed, Embase, and Medline databases through December 31st, 2022. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were made to ensure that HIV-negative population is the targeted subjects. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were then used to assess the strength of the association, and the quality of the included articles was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Potential sources of heterogeneity were evaluated based on subgroup and meta-regression analyses.

Results

In our meta-analysis, we found that the FokI polymorphism in the VDR gene was associated with increased TB susceptibility in the allele and recessive genotype models (OR f vs. F = 1.235, 95%CI: 1.035–1.475; OR ff vs. Ff + FF = 1.317, 95%CI: 1.005–1.727. Further subgroup analysis based on ethnicity demonstrated the association with the risk of TB in all genotype models of the FokI polymorphism for Han population. Meta-regression analysis also indicated that ethnicity could be a potential source of heterogeneity in the FokI and BsmI polymorphisms in the VDR gene. However, publication year was another source of heterogeneity for the TaqI polymorphism.

Conclusion

In summary, the FokI polymorphism in the VDR gene was found to increase the risk of TB in the HIV-negative population, both overall and in Asian populations. The findings presented in this paper could provide clues for preventing TB from the perspective of vitamin D supplementation, which is a controversial topic in the field of medicine and health.
Identification of biallelic mutations in MCM3AP and comprehensive literature analysis
Authors: Liu Chan , Xie Qingfeng , Hu Quan , Xiang Bingwu , Zhao Kaiyi , Chen Xiang , Zheng Feixia
Published: August 2024

Background

Minichromosome maintenance complex component 3 associated protein (MCM3AP) is a gene in which mutations can result in autosomal recessive peripheral neuropathy with or without impaired intellectual development. The MCM3AP genotype-phenotype correlation and prognosis remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the genotype–phenotype correlations pertaining to MCM3AP.

Methods

Whole-exome sequencing (WES) combined with copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) were performed on the genomic DNA isolated from a Chinese family, and Sanger sequencing, quantitative PCR and cDNA analyses were performed to examine the mutations. The retrospective study was conducted on 28 individuals with biallelic MCM3AP mutation-related diseases, including features such as mutations, motor development impairment, intellectual disability, weakness/atrophy, and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities.

Results

Sequencing identified novel compound heterozygous mutations in MCM3AP, namely, a paternal variant c.1_5426del (loss of exons 1–25) and a maternal splicing variant c.1858 + 3A>G. Functional studies revealed that the variant c.1858 + 3A>G resulted in the heterozygous deletion of exon 5, thereby affecting splicing functionality. Furthermore, the compound heterozygous mutation may affect the functionality of the protein domain. Retrospective analysis revealed different genotype–phenotype correlations for the pathogenic variants in biallelic MCM3AP: all individuals (100%) with mutations outside the Sac3 domain exhibited early-onset symptoms, motor developmental delays, and cognitive abnormalities, conversely, the proportions of individuals carrying mutations within the domain were 26.7% (motor delays) and 46.7% (cognitive abnormalities).

Conclusion

Our findings further expand the genetic mutation spectrum of biallelic MCM3AP and highlight the genotype-phenotype associations. Additionally, we elaborate on the importance of rehabilitation intervention.
Potential role of B- and NK-cells in the pathogenesis of pediatric aplastic anemia through deep phenotyping
Authors: Vissers Lotte T. W. , van Ostaijen-ten Dam Monique M. , Melsen Janine E. , van der Spek Yanna M. , Kemna Koen P. , Lankester Arjan C. , van der Burg Mirjam , Mohseny Alexander B.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Pediatric patients with unexplained bone marrow failure (BMF) are often categorized as aplastic anemia (AA). Based on the accepted hypothesis of an auto-immune mechanism underlying AA, immune suppressive therapy (IST) might be effective. However, due to the lack of diagnostic tools to identify immune AA and prognostic markers to predict IST response together with the unequaled curative potential of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), most pediatric severe AA patients are momentarily treated by HSCT if available. Although several studies indicate oligoclonal T-cells with cytotoxic activities towards the hematopoietic stem cells, increasing evidence points towards defective inhibitory mechanisms failing to inhibit auto-reactive T-cells.

Methods

We aimed to investigate the role of NK- and B-cells in seven pediatric AA patients through a comprehensive analysis of paired bone marrow and peripheral blood samples with spectral flow cytometry in comparison to healthy age-matched bone marrow donors.

Results

We observed a reduced absolute number of NK-cells in peripheral blood of AA patients with a skewed distribution towards CD56bright NK-cells in a subgroup of patients. The enriched CD56bright NK-cells had a lower expression of CD45RA and TIGIT and a higher expression of CD16, compared to healthy donors. Functional analysis revealed no differences in degranulation. However, IFN-γ production and perforin expression of NK-cells were reduced in the CD56bright-enriched patient group. The diminished NK-cell function in this subgroup might underly the auto-immunity. Importantly, NK-function of AA patients with reduced CD56bright NK-cells was comparable to healthy donors. Also, B-cell counts were lower in AA patients. Subset analysis revealed a trend towards reduction of transitional B-cells in both absolute and relative numbers compared to healthy controls. As these cells were previously hypothesized as regulatory cells in AA, decreased numbers might be involved in defective inhibition of auto-reactive T-cells. Interestingly, even in patients with normal distribution of precursor B-cells, the transitional compartment was reduced, indicating partial differentiation failure from immature to transitional B-cells or a selective loss.

Discussion

Our findings provide a base for future studies to unravel the role of transitional B-cells and CD56bright NK-cells in larger cohorts of pediatric AA patients as diagnostic markers for immune AA and targets for therapeutic interventions.