bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERENCANAAN LINGKUNGAN DAN BANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN DARI ASPEK PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Syarif
Published: July 2017

Definitions of green buildings, in essence it should be environmentally friendly and sustainable ranging from planning, implementation to operation of the building. In the implementation of the legislation is needed to ensure its implementation. Candy MOE issued a regulation on the criteria and certification of environmentally friendly building where the content has some similarities with the green building parameters issued by GBCI. Parameter issued by GBCI is Appropriate Land, Energy Efficiency and Refrigerants, Water Conservation, Resource and Material Cycle, Quality and Comfort Air, and the Built Environment Management. This research question is whether there are other laws that support the concept of building a 'green'. The method used is descriptive review the regulations of the aspects of green building. The results showed that there are many laws and regulations in Indonesia has not accommodate green building design criteria. This could mean there are no rules or regulations already exist, but still expressed in general.
Written Exposure Therapy as Step One in Reducing the Burden of PTSD: The Composite Cases of "Alex," "Bruno," and "Charles"
Authors: Austern David J.
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of a stepped-care model of treatment on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptomatology and sequelae in United States' Veterans. The study provides a literature review of the burden of PTSD, describes current best treatment practices, and illustrates key processes in the service-delivery of these treatments. Treatment considerations are demonstrated via three hybrid case examples, which serve as vivid portrayals of Veteran clients who struggle with research-consistent PTSD symptomatology and difficulties engaging in psychotherapy. In addition to being informed by clinical examples in relevant psychological literature, these composite cases, "Alex," "Bruno," and "Charles," contain disguised aspects drawn from psychotherapy clients who have been in my caseload in a PTSD clinic. Demonstrating these clients
Women in local government: Moving in from the margins
Authors: Buckley Fiona , Hofman Caroline
Published: July 2017

This article presents a descriptive overview of women’s participation in the elected and administrative structures of local government in the Republic of Ireland. Drawing on analysis of candidate data and electoral results from the 2014 local elections, it shows that women’s political representation currently stands at just under 21 per cent, a record high for women’s participation in the elected structures of county and city councils. The article evaluates the lessons learned about political parties, gender and candidate recruitment at the 2014 local elections. It argues that the impending introduction of legislative gender quotas at the next general election was the main driving force behind women’s increased participation in these elections. Turning attention to the administrative structures of local authorities, it is revealed that men continue to dominate senior management positions. While increasing numbers of women are accessing senior management roles, gendered barriers remain. The article concludes by reflecting on the future prospects for women’s participation in both the elected and administrative structures of local government in the Republic of Ireland. It recommends an extension of legal gender quotas to local elections and a more proactive gender promotional and mentoring campaign within local government administrative structures.
Emergency management on the island of Ireland – Recent cross-border developments
Authors: Joyce Finian , McCaffrey Joan
Published: July 2017

Emergency management has developed separately in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland as a result of the differences in the political, legal, organisational and cultural backgrounds that exist in the two jurisdictions. Good cross-border cooperation has existed at individual organisational level between the principal emergency response agencies for many years. Now that regions in Europe are becoming more connected it is becoming increasingly obvious to agencies with responsibility for emergency management on both sides of the border that we need to be better prepared and ready to work effectively together to deal with any major emergency that may arise along the border. Emergencies and natural or manmade disasters do not respect geographical borders, particularly on a landmass as small as the island of Ireland. It is recognised that there is a need for more formalised joint planning and greater collaboration by the statutory agencies, which will result in a more coordinated and effective response to any possible major emergencies or disasters that may occur along the border areas. This paper reviews the current emergency management arrangements in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, how the structures, roles and responsibilities of the various agencies involved differ, and how a move to greater collaboration has occurred, as well as examining the drivers for this collaboration, how this has manifested itself so far, and how the potential for pragmatic, flexible and creative solutions will achieve further progress in the coming years.
The Godunov method for a 2-phase model
Authors: Garavello Mauro , Marcellini Francesca
Published: July 2017

We consider the Godunov numerical method to the phase-transition trafic model, proposed in [1], by Colombo, Marcellini, and Rascle. Numerical tests are shown to prove the validity of the method. Moreover we highlight the differences between such model and the one proposed in [2], by Blandin, Work, Goatin, Piccoli, and Bayen.
Electrostatic field in terms of geometric curvature in membrane MEMS devices
Authors: Di Barba Paolo , Fattorusso Luisa , Versaci Mario
Published: July 2017

In this paper we present, in a framework of 1D-membrane Micro-Electro-Mechanical- Systems (MEMS) theory, a formalization of the problem of existence and uniqueness of a solution related to the membrane deformation u for electrostatic actuation in the steady- state case. In particular, we propose a new model in which the electric field magnitude E is proportional to the curvature of the membrane and, for it, we obtain results of existence by Schauder-Tychono's fixed point application and subsequently we establish conditions of uniqueness. Finally, some numerical tests have been carried out to further support the analytical results.
Fibers of automorphic word maps and an application to composition factors
Authors: Bors Alexander
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we study the fibers of “automorphic word maps”, a certain generalization of word maps, on finite groups and on nonabelian finite simple groups in particular. As an application, we derive a structural restriction on finite groups G where, for some fixed nonempty reduced word w in d variables and some fixed

ρ
∈

(
0
,
1
]

{\rho\in(0,1]}

, the word map

w
G

{w_{G}}

on G has a fiber of size at least

ρ
⁢

|
G
|

d

{\rho|G|^{d}}

: No sufficiently large alternating group and no (classical) simple group of Lie type of sufficiently high rank can occur as a composition factor of such a group G.
Translating like a conduit? A sociosemiotic analysis of modality in Chinese government press conference interpreting
Authors: Fu Rongbo
Published: July 2017

This paper is a corpus-based sociosemiotic inquiry into the translation of linguistic modality in government press conferences in the Chinese context, with an eye to its indication of interpreter’s identity. Viewing translation (including interpreting) as a process of social semiosis, the paper draws on theoretical insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and applies them to the analysis of modality in both English and Chinese – the language pair that concerns the present research. Results of the study show that, while modality distribution in the two languages are basically maintained at the same level, interchangeable uses between volitive and obligatory subtypes of modality plus the general increase of modality value in interpreted vis-à-vis source speeches indicate that interpreters are not deprived of mediating latitude which is believed to contradict their prescriptive stereotypes. Also, exemplary parallel concordance analysis of modality reveals that interpreters adopt various solutions to translating the same modal element. Further, the paper proposes a taxonomy for the analysis of modality shifts in interpreter-mediated encounters, with illustrative cases of each subclass examined and discussed. The findings are expected to shed light on the interpreter’s identity in political institutional settings.
Nonstationary autoregressive conditional duration models
Authors: Mishra Anuj , Ramanathan Thekke Variyam
Published: July 2017

Recently, there has been a growing interest in studying the autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) models, originally introduced by (Engle, R. F., and J. R. Russell. 1998. “Autoregressive Conditional Duration: A New Model for Irregularly Spaced Transaction Data.
Mandatory Sentencing Around the World and the Need for Reform
Authors: Gray Anthony
Published: July 2017

This article considers the increased use of mandatory sentencing provisions in a range of jurisdictions, including Canada, Australia, the United States, and United Kingdom/Europe. It finds that, whereas some courts have struck out mandatory sentencing laws, often mandatory minimum penalties have been validated. This jurisprudence is considered through a range of themes, including notions of arbitrariness, the doctrine of proportionality, the relevance of objectives of the criminal justice system, and broader questions regarding the separation of powers.
The Irrelevance of Motive and the Rule of Law
Authors: Eldar Shachar , Laist Elkana
Published: July 2017

One of the maxims of criminal law orthodoxy states that a defendant’s motive for offending, be it good or bad, should have no weight in assessing his or her criminal liability—although it may rightfully bear on the punishment imposed. Known as the “irrelevance of motive principle,” this idea owes much of its popular stature in legal thinking to arguments that draw on the notion of the rule of law. It is said that allowing defendants’ motives to generate or negate their criminal liability would undermine the state’s authority in defining the contours of crime.

The article identifies and critically examines three streams of such arguments, and these in turn lead to three findings. First, each manifestation of the rule of law argument defends a somewhat different conception of the irrelevance principle; this means that despite the common allusion to the irrelevance principle, there is no singular principle, but instead several variants of the norm are at play. Secondly, rule of law arguments fail to sustain any meaningful notion of the irrelevance principle. Finally, there exists a sphere of instances where the careful application of motives to criminal directives may advance the rule of law by infusing legislation with added clarity and richness.
Retributivism and Criminal Procedure
Authors: Galoob Stephen R.
Published: July 2017

Retributivist theories of punishment are in tension with due process. Some retributivists adopt a simple view that punishment of the deserving is normatively justified. However, this Simple Retributivism licenses unjust and illegitimate rules of criminal procedure. A more refined version of retributivism, on which a person’s punishment is justified only if she deserves to be punished for the offense with which she is charged and her desert bases cause her to be liable to punishment, avoids the troubling implications of Simple Retributivism. Refined Retributivism also entails specific principles for implementing criminal law—that is, a distinctively Retributivist Criminal Procedure. On this Retributivist Criminal Procedure, procedural mechanisms must establish that there are good reasons to believe that an offender deserves to be punished for an offense, and these reasons must cause the offender’s liability to punishment.

Yet Refined Retributivism is also difficult to reconcile with due process. Although Retributivist Criminal Procedure has some salutary implications, it also calls for abolishing core aspects of the U.S. system of criminal justice and features that are essential to any legitimate criminal justice system. Thus, retributivism (whether Simple or Refined) does not provide the basis for a just criminal procedure.
Worship Wars, Gospel Hymns, and Cultural Engagement in American Evangelicalism, 1890–1940
Authors: Van Dyken Tamara J.
Published: July 2017

This article argues that gospel hymnody was integral to the construction of modern evangelicalism. Through an analysis of the debate over worship music in three denominations, the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Christian Reformed Church, and the Reformed Church in America, from 1890–1940, I reveal how worship music was essential to the negotiation between churchly tradition and practical faith, between institutional authority and popular choice that characterized the twentieth-century “liberal/conservative” divide. While seemingly innocuous, debates over the legitimacy of gospel hymns in congregational worship were a significant aspect of the increasing theological, social, and cultural divisions within denominations as well as between evangelicals more broadly. Gospel hymnody became representative of a newly respectable, nonsectarian, and populist evangelicalism that stressed individualized salvation and personal choice, often putting it at odds with doctrinal orthodoxy and church tradition. These songs fostered an imagined community of conservative evangelicals, one whose formation rested on personal choice and whose authority revolved around a network of nondenominational organizations rather than an institutional body. At the same time, denominational debates about gospel hymnody reveal the fluid nature of the conservative/liberal binary and the complicated relationship between evangelicalism and modernism generally. While characterizations of “liberal” and “conservative” tend to emphasize biblical interpretation, the inclusion of worship music and style complicates this narrow focus. As is evident through the case studies, denominations typically categorized as theologically liberal or conservative also incorporated both traditional and modern elements of worship.
Coactivators and general transcription factors have two distinct dynamic populations dependent on transcription
Authors: Vosnakis Nikolaos , Koch Marc , Scheer Elisabeth , Kessler Pascal , Mély Yves , Didier Pascal , Tora László
Published: July 2017

SAGA and ATAC are two distinct chromatin modifying co‐activator complexes with distinct enzymatic activities involved in RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription regulation. To investigate the mobility of co‐activator complexes and general transcription factors in live‐cell nuclei, we performed imaging experiments based on photobleaching. SAGA and ATAC, but also two general transcription factors (TFIID and TFIIB), were highly dynamic, exhibiting mainly transient associations with chromatin, contrary to Pol II, which formed more stable chromatin interactions. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy analyses revealed that the mobile pool of the two co‐activators, as well as that of TFIID and TFIIB, can be subdivided into “fast” (free) and “slow” (chromatin‐interacting) populations. Inhibiting transcription elongation decreased H3K4 trimethylation and reduced the “slow” population of SAGA, ATAC, TFIIB and TFIID. In addition, inhibiting histone H3K4 trimethylation also reduced the “slow” populations of SAGA and ATAC. Thus, our results demonstrate that in the nuclei of live cells the equilibrium between fast and slow population of SAGA or ATAC complexes is regulated by active transcription via changes in the abundance of H3K4me3 on chromatin.
PROMOTION OF UKRAINE’S CULTURAL DIPLOMACY IN THE EU
Authors: Pipchenko Nataliya , Moskalenko Taras
Published: July 2017

The paper provides an overview of existing research on Ukraine’s cultural diplomacy and sets the framework for further research. In other sections, the gathered practical insights about Ukraine’s cultural activity abroad and in the EU can be applied to the development of a new approach to the promotion of national interests and the examination of their impact on the current state of regional cooperation. The main time period covered in this study is the time after 2014, when Ukraine signed the Association Agreement with the EU. The paper uses a descriptive and interpretative approach, which is based on the review of previous research, as well as documentary and institutional analysis. It was found that the promotion of Ukrainian cultural products contributes to the deepening of the state’s integration into Europe and the developing of political, economic and civic relations between Ukraine and other countries of the region. The most important purpose of cultural activities approaching Ukraine to Europe is the prudent and consistent strategy of integrating the state in the European information space and the spread of positive information about Ukraine in European media. The research of the promotion of Ukraine’s cultural diplomacy in the EU made it possible to determine that the state’s perception by the European community is formed under the influence of several factors, in particular, national, tourist, social, political as well as economic. The paper draws conclusions about the main com­ponents of Ukraine’s cultural diplomacy strategy in the EU, which can be an area for further research. As a result of this, the main components of Ukraine’s cultural diplomacy strategy in the EU may be the explanation of Ukraine’s historic heritage, cultural and religious contacts with the European countries; communication with the international community about the great historic, cultural and religious heritage of Ukraine, unique travel opportunities and security; support of the famous European artists visits to Ukraine; the participation of Ukrainian artists in European art events; the attraction of the audience to using Ukrainian art products; the establishment of a joint Ukrainian-European forum on sensitive historic events to explain their historic background.
PERILAKU EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA NELAYAN SKALA KECIL DALAM MENCAPAI KETAHANAN PANGAN DI PEDESAAN PANTAI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Purwanti Pudji
Published: July 2017

Suatu rumah tangga dapat mencapai kondisi tahan pangan sangat berkaitan erat dengan perilaku ekonomi rumah tangga, dalam hal ini pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga dalam kegiatan produksi dan konsumsi, serta alokasi waktu kerja dan pendapatan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggambarkan perilaku rumah tangga nelayan skala kecil dalam mencapai ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Pasuruan dan Kabupaten Trenggalek. Data primer dan sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data primer diperoleh melalui survei lapang; sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi dan kompilasi data statistik terkait topik studi. Data dianalisis secara ekonometrik melalui pendekatan ekonomi rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam mencapai ketahanan pangan, rumahtangga nelayan melakukan kegiatan produksi melaut dan non perikanan sebagai sumber pendapatan dari sektor perikanan dan non perikanan. Kredit non formal lebih digunakan untuk konsumsi pangan. Pada pola konsumsi pangan seimbang, ikan menduduki peringkat kedua setelah konsumsi beras. Berdasarkan parameter Indeks Porsi Pengeluaran Pangan, Indeks AKE dan Indeks AKP, maka rumahtangga nelayan skala kecil di pedesaan pantai Jawa Timur dalam kondisi tahan pangan. Tittle: Economic Behavior and Food Security of Small-Scaled Fisher’s Household in Rural Region of East Coast of Java.A chieving food security for household will depend on the economic behavior of such the household in terms of decision making-process of the household in production and a consumption activities and work time allocation. This research illustrated behavior of small-scale fisher's household in achieving food security in Pasuruan and Trenggalek districs. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Primary data were collected by using survey method; secondary data were collected through literature study and compilation of statistical data related to the study theme. Data were analyzed econometrically through household economic approach. Results show that in achieving food security, fisher's household do fishing and non fisheries activity. Non formal credit scheme was mostly used for food consumption. In the food consumption ballance, fish was the second level after rice. Based on Food Expending Portion Index parameter, AKE and AKP indexes, small-scale fisher's household in rural region of East Coast of Java were in the secure food condition.
KETAHANAN PANGAN IKANI PADA RUMAH TANGGA PERIKANAN TANGKAP LAUT SKALA KECIL: Kasus Desa Gebang Mekar, Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Yusuf Risna , Tajerin Tajerin
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ketahanan pangan ikani rumah tangga perikanan tangkap laut skala kecil. Metode Survei digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Responden dipilih dengan menggunakan metoda proportional random sampling berdasarkan jenis alat tangkap. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan statistik non-parametrik Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peubah pendidikan, budaya makan ikan, nilai aset dan pendapatan berhubungan positif dan nyata dengan tingkat ketahanan pangan ikani rumah tangga perikanan. Pemerintah diharapkan terus mendorong upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan terutama pangan ikani dengan lebih mengkaitkan arah kebijakan dan programnya dengan upaya peningkatan pendidikan dan pengetahuan akan pangan dan gizi pada rumah tangga perikanan tangkap laut skala kecil, peningkatan pendapatan dan peningkatan aset rumah tangga. Tittle: Fisheries Food Security on Household of the Small-scale Marine Fisher: Case Study in the Gebang Mekar Village, Cirebon District, West Java.The purpose of this research was to assess the factors that relate with fisheries food security at small - scale marine fisher. Research was conducted using survey method. Respondents were chosen using proportional random sampling method based on types of fishing gears. The research was using primary data based on interview and analysis used Chi-square approach. Results showed that education, habits in consumption, asset value and income of fisheries household significantly related with fisheries food security at small-scale of marine fisheries household. Therefore, the government has to push on fisheries food security improvement forward into policy and program education and knowledge of food and nutrient at small-scale marine fisher’s household, increase income and economic asset of the fisher.
PENGOPERASIAN JARING ARAD DI PERAIRAN PANTAI UTARA JAWA: MASALAH DAN PENYELESAIANNYA
Authors: Indrawasih Ratna , Wahyono Ary
Published: July 2017

Artikel tentang pengoperasian jaring arad di perairan Pantai Utara Jawa: problem dan penyelesaiannya ini membahas masalah konflik kenelayanan, terutama permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan jaring arad di perairan Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Barat. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang mengambil lokasi di Kabupaten Rembang dan Cirebon. Penelitian tersebut dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penangkapan udang dengan menggunakan jaring semi trawl merupakan suatu fenomena sosial yang menunjukkan tidak ada alternatif lain bagi nelayan dalam mencari sumber kehidupan. Fenomena ini juga menunjukkan telah terjadi jalan pintas dan bersifat jangka pendek tanpa melihat dampak-dampak yang ditimbulkan baik dari segi sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Upaya untuk mengatasi problem penggunaan jaring arad di Pantura tampaknya tidak mudah. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan peraturan yang melarang penggunaan jaring arad. Akan tetapi tampaknya kebijakan pelarangan alat tangkap tersebut menghadapi masalah pada implementasi di lapangan. Penegakan hukum belum bisa dilakukan secara optimal. Hal ini antara lain disebabkan masih pasifnya para petugas dalam mengontrol terjadinya pelanggaran, dan keberadaan petugas tidak didukung oleh prasarana yang memadai. Jadi ada kesan bahwa pelarangan alat tangkap tersebut tidak mendapat dukungan dari aparat penegak hukum, sehingga masalah yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan alat tangkap yang sudah dilarang tersebut tidak dapat terselesaikan secara tuntas. Tittle: The Operation of Arad Net in The North Coast of Java: Problems and Their Solutions.The article of “The Operation of Arad Net in The North Coast of Java: Problems and their Solution” discusses the problem of fishers conflict especially related to the usage of arad net in North Coast of Central Java and West Java. This article was conducted in Rembang and Cirebon Regencies. Qualitative approach was used in the research. Results showed that the exploitation of shrimps using a semi-trawl called ‘jaring arad’ was considered a social phenomenon of fishing to cope daily life. This phenomenon also shows that there was a short term profit orientation without considering long-term impact on social, economic and environment aspects. The effort to reduce the used of arad in Pantura was not easy. Government has erected the regulation on banning the used of arad. However, low enforcement was quite weak. This is because the officer could not effectively control territory and was not supported by adequate infrastructure and equipments. That is why, it seemed that regulation on banning the use of arad was not supported by adequate enforcement efforts. Hence, problem related the use of Arad could not be solved effectively.
TINGKAT ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA IKAN KERAPU DI KERAMBA JARING APUNG DI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Azizi Achmad , Erlina Mei Dwi , Kurniasari Nendah
Published: July 2017

Riset ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tingkat adopsi teknologi budidaya ikan kerapu di keramba jaring apung dan faktor-faktor karakteristik internal yang mempengaruhi tingkat adopsi. Menggunakan metode survei yang bersifat deskriptif korelasional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara sensus, hal ini disebabkan kegiatan Budidaya ikan kerapau relatif masih baru diperkenalkan. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa tingkat adopsi paket teknologi pembesaran ikan kerapu di Lombok Timur termasuk kategori sedang dengan nilai skor 3.038. Sebaran responden menurut tingkat adopsi teknologi pembesaran ikan kerapu termasuk kategori sedang. Hasil analisis korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa faktor internal seperti umur, tingkat pendidikan formal, non formal, pendapatan, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, jumlah tenaga kerja dalam keluarga, alasan memilih usaha ikan kerapu, kekosmopolitan, interaksi dengan penyuluh perikanan dan jenis pengambilan keputusan tidak memiliki hubungan yang nyata dengan tingkat adopsi teknologi, dinyatakan dengan koefisien korelasi lebih rendah dari nilai kritinya yaitu 0,325 pada taraf signifikan 0,01. Tittle: Level of Adoption of Grouper in the Floating Cage Culture in West Nusa Tenggara.The objective of this research was to study adoption level of grouper cage culture technology and internal characteristic factors which influence adoption level. This research was carried out using a census technique. Results show that adoption level of grouper cage culture technology in East Lombok was classified as moderate with score of 3,038. Respondent distribution regarding adoption level of the above mention was moderate. Rank Spearman Analysis shows that the age, formal and non formal education level, income, number of children, number of labor in the household, reasons for choosing grouper business, cosmopolitan, interaction with fisheries extension officers, and also decision making do not have significant relation with adoption level of the technology. This is showed by correlation coefficient by which is lower than its critical value (0.325) at 0.01 significant level.
FAKTOR ETIKA DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kinseng Rilus A.
Published: July 2017

Etika menyangkut perilaku manusia yang dianggap baik atau buruk, pantas atau tidak pantas. Kini disadari bahwa etika tidak hanya menyangkut interaksi atau hubungan antar sesama manusia, tetapi juga sangat penting dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya alam. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk menunjukkan pentingnya memperhatikan faktor etika dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur yang dikombinasikan dengan pengalaman lapang penulis. Kedua sumber ini dijadikan sebagai bahan refleksi pemikiran secara teoritis. Data tersebut digunakan untuk pengembangan ide atau pemikiran lebih lanjut pada tulisan ini. Keadilan sosial merupakan satu bentuk etika sosial yang sangat penting diperhatikan dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan, termasuk dalam penetapan zona penangkapan maupun perijinan alat tangkap. Dari segi etika lingkungan, etika lingkungan yang dominan di kalangan pengguna sumberdaya perikanan di Indonesia adalah antroposentrisme. Oleh sebab itu, pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan seperti penetapan kawasan konservasi laut harus memperhatikan implikasi dari etika lingkungan ini. Tulisan ini mengusulkan perlunya mendekonstruksi etika antroposentrisme dan menggantikannya dengan etika ”teosentris”. Tittle: Ethical Factor in the Fisheries Management in IndonesiaEthics is about human conduct that considered as good or bad, proper or not proper. However, it has been acknowledged that ethics is not only important in the relation among people (human being), but also in relation between humans and their environment. The objective of this paper is to show the important of ethics to be taken into account in managing fishery resources in Indonesia. The method used was literature study combine with the author's field experiences. These data and as information where used to develop ideas and thoughts in this paper. It was argued that social justice is one of the social ethics that is very important to be considered, for example in establishing fishing zones as well as in permitting type of fishing gear to be used. Regarding environmental ethics, it was argued that the most common and dominant ethics among fishery resources users in Indonesia is anthropocentrism. Therefore, fishery resource management should pay serious attention to its implication in managing fishery resources, such as in the case of establishment of marine protected areas. This paper contended that it is needed to deconstruct the anthropocentrism and replace it with “theocentrism”.
Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Lamalera: Sebuah Ekspresi Hubungan Manusia Dengan Laut
Authors: Kurniasari Nendah , Reswati Elly
Published: July 2017

Makalah ini bertujuan melihat kearifan lokal yang dibentuk oleh sebuah masyarakat nelayan dilihat dari perspektif psikologi lingkungan. Makalah ini merupakan studi literatur, dimana informasi diperoleh dengan cara mengkaji literatur yang terkait dengan teori-teori adaptasi lingkungan, kearifan lokal serta kehidupan masyarakat Lamalera. Kearifan lokal yang berkembang di masyarakat Lamalera mengenai norma berburu paus telah berusia ratusan tahun. Kearifan itu merupakan perbauran yang kental antara tradisi dan ajaran Katolik. Kearifan yang muncul tidak hanya menjaga kelestarian dan kesimbangan ekosistem laut namun juga menjaga keseimbangan dalam berhubungan dengan sesama warga masyarakat. Keseimbangan alam tersebut terancam ketika Pemerintah Daerah mengeluarkan ijin untuk penambangan emas. Kearifan lokal yang muncul sabagai reaksi dari adanya stimulus ini adalah penolakan terhadap penambangan emas di Lamalera dengan alasan akan merusak keseimbangan ekosistem yang mengakibatkan terputusnya ikatan mereka dengan para leluhur yang selama ini telah menjaganya.
Profil Usaha Budidaya Ikan Lele di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Kurniawan Tikkyrino , Triyanti Riesti
Published: July 2017

Penetapan kawasan Minapolitan untuk meningkatkan produksi perikanan menjadi 353% pada 2014 memerlukan kesiapan infrastruktur dan kebijakan dilapangan. Kabupaten Bogor telah ditetapkan sebagai kawasan Minapolitan budidaya air tawar dengan lele sebagai komoditas utama. Namun Pengembang biakan lele membutuhkan perbandingan satu banding satu, sehingga untuk menghasilkan berat lele tertentu menbutuhkan pakan yang cukup banyak. Untuk itu perlu adanya evaluasi setiap tahunnya untuk melihat kesiapan program Minapolitan tersebut khususnya Minapolitan Budidaya. Sedangkan pemilihan responden bersifat random purposive sampling. Analisis deskriptif yang dipakai untuk menjelaskan keadaan dan gejala yang terjadi. Penelitian berlangsung di Kabupaten Bogor. Dengan tingginya harga pangan dan rendahnya harga jual, maka banyak pembudidaya di kabupaten bogor yang gulung tikar dan tidak sanggup untuk melanjutkan budidaya lele tersebut. Operasional untuk produksi lele tersebut tidak menutupi karena luas lahan yang tidak begitu besar dan jumlah lahanya yang sedikit menyebabkan biaya pakan cukup tinggi karena tidak di beli dalam jumlah banyak. Pembesaran yang bertahan adalah milih perseorangan dan mempunyai jumlah kolam yang lebih dari 5 unit. Beberapa hal yang bisa dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah perlu diadakannya pelatihan kembali cara pembudidaya yang baik dan benar, memperkuat kelembagaan pembudiaya, membentuk lembaga pemasaran yang bisa menyetabilkan harga dan meningkatkan harga jual ke pasaran, serta menyetabilkan harga bahan pakan agar dapat meningkatkan daya saing penjualan lele.
Industri Perikanan di Bitung
Authors: Zulham Armen
Published: July 2017

Bitung merupakan kawasan industri perikanan yang telah berkembang sejak dua dasawarsa lalu. Berkembangnya Bitung sebagai kawasan industri perikanan tidak lepas dari investasi yang dilakukan pemerintah dengan membangun Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Bitung. Tulisan ini memberi gambaran perkembanganindustri perikanan di Bitung dengan memanfaatkan data yang dikumpulkan melalui teknik Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di Bitung terdapat perusahaan pengolah hasil perikanan yang didukung oleh armada tangkap yang baik., infrastruktur juga cukup memadai. Namun untuk keberlanjutan industri perikanan di Bitung perlu dilakukan langkah-langkah terobosan seperti membangun jalan raya bebas hambatan untuk menjamin arus barang dan jasa dari dan ke Bitung, pembangunan pembangkit listrik untuk meningkatkan pasokan listrik ke berbagai aktivitas ekonomi di Bitung, serta membangun sistim distribusi ikan untuk mengintegrasikan sentra produksi dan sentra pasar.
The efficacy of peer teaching for medical microbiology lectures
Authors: Ngamskulrungroj Popchai , Kiratisin Pattarachai , Dangprapai Yodying , Thaipisuttikul Iyarit , Leelaporn Amornrut , Luisirirojanakul Suda , Kantakamalakul Wannee , Horthongkam Navin
Published: July 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: A thorough understanding of infectious diseases is needed by medical professionals; therefore effective microbiological teaching is critical. Although faculty lectures are a convenient means of educating large groups of students, they may fail to engage students and convey an understanding of the subject. Therefore, we developed peer teaching methods based on game-based learning. Methods: A group of student representatives were trained to lecture to a class of 300 third-year medical students via a game show format over a 3-year period (2013-2015). Results: The students reported a higher level of understanding (3.6-4.2 vs 3.6-3.9 out of 5; p < 0.001) and more satisfaction (3.9-4.3 vs 3.6-3.8 out of 5; p < 0.001). Peer teaching also significantly improved the teaching skills of the students (8.9-9.2 vs 8.4-8.7 out of 10; p < 0.001). However, equivalent knowledge outcomes were observed between the two methods and peer teaching demanded more out-of-class time for preparation (44 vs 16 hours for 2013, 49 vs 19 hours for 2014 and 2015). Conclusions: Peer teaching did improve the students' attitude towards learning and conferred teaching skills, but the learning activity needs adjustment to reduce the out-of-class preparation time.
Grading Medical Students During their Fourth Year Orthopaedic Surgery Rotations
Authors: Johnson Joey P. , Patel Niketu , Wang Patrick , Mulcahey Mary
Published: July 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. IntroductionAn orthopaedic surgery clerkship is an important aspect of a medical student's application for residency, however, the process by which grades in these clerkships are determined is poorly understood. In this study, we sought to determine what grading systems are being used by orthopaedic residency programs and some of the factors taken into account when grading rotating medical students.MethodsA 24-question anonymous survey was distributed to residency coordinators at ACGME accredited civilian and military United States orthopaedic surgery residency programs. The survey included questions about the grading system, number of rotating students and factors considered when determining a student's grade. Standard descriptive statistics were used to evaluate survey responses.ResultsAt 57% (16/28) of programs that responded, more than 40% of current residents rotated as 4th year medical students. 50% of orthopaedic surgery programs who responded to the survey indicated that 80%-100% of away and home rotating students over the past 5 years received a grade of honors.DiscussionThe current process of grading orthopaedic surgery away rotations suggests that grades may be inflated, with more students receiving the highest designation than are truly deserving of that honor. Standardized grading of these rotations may benefits programs and students alike.
Numerical investigation of the effects of tunnelling on existing tunnels
Authors: Avgerinos V. , Potts D. M. , Standing J. R.
Published: July 2017

Construction of the Crossrail tunnels just beneath the existing Central line tunnels at the northern side of Hyde Park provided the impetus for this paper. A basic three-dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) model was developed to study a general case of a new tunnel (NT) crossing perpendicularly below an existing tunnel (ET). A series of 3D FE analyses was carried out and the results presented in this paper reveal some of the interaction effects. Changes in hoop forces, bending moments and lining deformations of the ET due to excavation of the NT are discussed. Conclusions are drawn about how the relative position of the excavation face of the NT in relation to the ET's axis affects the latter's behaviour. Cross-sectional and longitudinal deformations of the ET are discussed, leading to recommendations for field monitoring of similar interaction cases. Two parametric studies were also carried out to quantify the effects of the magnitude of the earth pressure balance machine face pressure and the longitudinal stiffness of the ET on the predicted behaviour of the ET due to construction of the NT.
Representatividade de diferentes fatores no impacto econômico da mastite em rebanhos leiteiros
Authors: Lopes M. A. , Demeu F. A. , Costa G. M. , Rocha C. M. B. M. , Bruhn F. R. P.
Published: July 2017

Objetivou-se identificar e quantificar o fator de maior representatividade no impacto econômico da mastite em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros, visando identificar aqueles que deverão receber maior atenção de pecuaristas e técnicos para reduzir o impacto econômico dessa importante enfermidade. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de simulação no sistema computacional CU$TO MASTITE, considerando 324 rebanhos diferentes, por meio das combinações dos fatores: contagem de células somáticas (250.000; 500.000; 750.000 e 1.000.000 de células somáticas/mL de leite); escala de produção (50; 100 e 150 vacas em lactação); produtividade por animal (10; 20 e 30 L/vaca/dia); frequência média anual de mastite clínica (1%; 7% e 15%) e taxa de descarte involuntário em virtude da mastite (2%; 4%; 6%). Foram consideradas como prevenção as despesas com monitoramento (cultura e antibiograma, contagem de células somáticas no tanque e contagem de células somáticas individuais), pré e pós dipping, vacinação, tratamento de vacas secas e manutenção de ordenhadeira. Como medidas curativas, foram considerados apenas os tratamentos dos casos clínicos. O impacto da mastite foi estimado como sendo o total em perdas, acrescido das despesas com prevenção e tratamento de casos clínicos. A frequência média de mastite clínica (FMC) e contagem de células somáticas no tanque (CCST) foram significativas (P<0,05) em cinco dos sete modelos analisados [impacto econômico por vaca em lactação (IVL), impacto econômico por litro de leite (IEL), impacto econômico do tratamento curativo por litro de leite (TCL), impacto econômico do descarte de leite/litro de leite comercializado (IDL) e impacto econômico da redução na produção por litro de leite (IRL)]. No entanto, o coeficiente padronizado para o fator FMC foi maior em três indicadores (IVL, IDL e TCL), o que torna esse fator com maior representatividade quando comparado ao fator CCST, que também teve cinco indicadores significativos. Ao realizar a comparação das medianas dos tratamentos curativos e das medidas preventivas, por vaca em lactação, verificou-se que estas mostram excelente relação custo/beneficio. Tais fatos evidenciam que, tanto o técnico como o pecuarista, deverão concentrar esforços gerenciais e tecnológicos buscando corrigir as possíveis falhas existentes no sistema de produção de leite, visando reduzir o impacto econômico da mastite.
Preterm birth: associated risk factors and outcome in tertiary care center
Authors: B. Shetty Mamatha , B. M. Krupa , Malyala Mounica , Swarup Asha , Pathadan Davis Sabu , Pocha Suneha
Published: July 2017

Background: The major cause of infant mortality and morbidity is preterm birth. WHO has defined it as any birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation or fewer than 259 days since the last day of menstrual period. Objective of present study was to identify major etiological factors associated with preterm birth, and their effects on mode of delivery and neonatal mortality and morbidity.Methods: Retrospective cohorts study, which was conducted in M. S. Ramaiah Medical College, over period of 12 months (January 2015 to December 2015). The study included 343 women who delivered preterm they were followed from admission to discharge. Various parameters were analyzed like maternal characteristics, gestational age, associated risk factors, tocolysis, administration of steroids, and neonatal outcome.Results: The incidence of preterm birth among the total deliveries was approximately 18.01%. Although the risk factors included many, the most common occurring were hypertensive disorders during pregnancy approximately 32.9%, followed by preterm rupture of membranes (18.1%), idiopathic 14.9%, and previous LSCS at 12.2%. Neonatal mortality was 6.9% (24 neonates), and stillborn were 0.5% (2 neonates).Conclusions: Various risk factors for preterm labour are modifiable hence early detection and treatment prevents maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Specific emphasis on regular antenatal checkups.
Maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease at tertiary level hospital of Uttarakhand
Authors: Chaudhari Priyanka , Gupta Vineeta , Kumari Nidhi , Tandon Archna , Gupta Nimisha
Published: July 2017

Background: Cardiac disease is the most common cause of indirect maternal deaths and most common cause of death overall. It complicates 1% of all maternal deaths. The maternal and neonatal risks associated with pregnancy in women with cardiac disease receiving comprehensive prenatal care have not been well defined. Objective of present study was to evaluate the burden of cardiac diseases in pregnancy in our hospital, their clinical presentation, type of cardiac lesion, associated complications, maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Obstetrics and gynecology department at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of medical and health sciences, Dehradun from January- 2013 to December-2015. All patients with cardiac diseases during pregnancy or developed during postpartum period were included in the study. Detailed Demographic profile of patients, mode of delivery, perinatal outcome, associated antenatal, intranatal and postnatal complications were analyzed in detail.Results: There were 37 patients with cardiac disease during pregnancy in our study period. Out of these 32.4% were diagnosed during current pregnancy. Rheumatic heart diseases were seen in 54.05% patients and congenital heart disease seen in 35.1%. out of these 81.1% patients belonged to NYHA class I and II and 18.9% patients in class III & IV. Majority of patients (78.3%) had vaginal delivery. We observed 5.4% maternal mortality and 2.7% of neonatal mortality rate.Conclusions: Pregnancy in women with heart disease is associated with significant cardiac and neonatal complications. Multidisciplinary approach involving cardiologist, obstetrician and neonatologist improves fetomaternal outcome.
Peripheral blood stem cells: mobilization strategies and potential therapeutic applications
Authors: Chhabra Hemlata , Kannaiyan Jaianand , M. Palaniyandi , B. Rajangam , N. S. Suriya , Pandey Anubhav
Published: July 2017

Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is now a day’s preferred transplantation source of stem cells as treatment modality for various hematologic malignancies. Progenitor hematopoietic stem cells express CD34 antigen, through which PBSCs are selected and collected. Peripheral blood stem cells provide a rapid and effective hematopoietic recovery after administration in patients having hematological ailments, with the advantages of a shorter engraftment time and the lack of a need for surgical procedure necessary for bone marrow harvesting. PBSCs are routinely present in blood circulation; though number too low to be used for transplantation. PBSCs can be mobilized by the administration of G-CSF or GM-CSF alone or preceded by chemotherapy. The yield of stem cells after mobilization differ enormously with disease condition, age etc. and several studies have been performed with different mobilizing regimen and factors affecting yield of progenitor cells. Mobilized peripheral blood stem cells have been increasingly used clinically for many diseases including myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma etc. In the current review, we give brief introduction about peripheral blood stem cells, its advantages over bone marrow and emphasize on different mobilizing strategy used for mobilizing PBSCs and expansion of these PBSCs under in vitro environment. The potential clinical application of PBSCs in treating different diseases has also been reviewed here in detail.