bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment of exhibition and excursion activities in the Imperial Public Library
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Bespalchenko Anna Sergeevna
Published: April 2023

The way of development in the field of library and exhibition activities of the Imperial Public Library (hereinafter – IPB) in the period from 1850 to 1917 is presented. The role of IPB employees M. A. Korf, V. V. Stasov, V. I. Sobolshchikov in the development of the first methods for organizing exhibitions in the Library is characterized. The topic of creating the first Library showcases designed by librarian and architect IPB V. I. Sobolshchikov is highlighted. IPB’s participation in Russian and foreign exhibitions is reflected. The history of the first sightseeing tours of the library halls with visits to temporary and permanent exhibitions is highlighted. The «Guide to the Imperial Public Library» created by the staff of the IPB, containing a brief history of the creation of the Library, information about exhibitions and excursions, as well as rules for the use of IPB funds, etc., is considered.
Education as Thinking, or The Role of Philosophy in the Educational System
Authors: Retyunskikh Larisa T.
Published: April 2023

The article examines education from the perspective of its goals and functions. The development of thinking skills is considered as both the goal and function of education, and the process of thinking as a means of education. Education is broadly understood as the creation of an image, and narrowly as the complex of social institutions that carry out educational activity. As a mechanism of socialization, education is one of the most important historically formed tools for the training and development of thinking ability, which is the main instrument of the evolutionary strategy ofhomo sapiens.The article discusses the ontological status of thought as an attributive property ofhomo sapiensthat defines human being. Thinking is a psychic reality rooted in biological processes, the fundamental basis of all cognitive and human activity-based processes. The author conducts a philosophical analysis of the concepts of thinking, good thinking, qualitative thought, and education. Philosophizing is considered as a special type of thinking, and the article researches its instrumental function, the potential ability to produce sanity, prudence, an analytical approach to any situation, and the ability to make independent decisions. Common to all philosophizing subjects will be that they will act as “demiurges” of their world, which they will be able to fill with their own meanings and values. Philosophical thinking is free thinking, which has a playful character, and therefore it can be defined as a game of meanings. The article describes existing approaches to the development of the philosophical education of children. The author draws attention to the advantage of the Russian system of higher education in connection with the compulsory teaching of philosophy, and argues to develop philosophical education for schoolchildren. The article concludes that the philosophical component of education at all levels, from elementary school to university, is an effective way to form high-quality thinking among students.
Higher Education in Russia: Unrealizable Hopes?
Authors: Karpov Alexander O.
Published: April 2023

The paper addresses the issue of the potential for Russian higher education to become the core of an innovation-driven economy, an institution for the production of knowledge and its integration into society. In addition to the mission of learning, an indicator of this potential for Russian universities is the level of implementation of research and socio-economic development missions. The genesis of the second and third missions of universities is used as a theoretical basis in this study. The author gives prominence to four historical stages that characterize the University 2.0 development (learning and research) in the formation of a research model of cognitive attitudes. In the context of a comparative analysis of higher education development in Russia and Europe, the article examines the emergence of University 3.0 – the key institution of a knowledge society that fulfills three academic missions (learning, research, socio-economic development). The author proposes the NCI&E-model of University 3.0, which includes the basic models of Network University, Creative University, Innovative, and Entrepreneurial University, and provides a brief description and interrelations of these models. This work discusses issues associated with the failure of the Russian “5–100” project in terms of listing its participants in the top 100 of global university rankings such as THE, QS, and ARWU. The authenticity of the formation of the entry list for the “5–100” project is called into question. A comparative analysis of Russian and foreign universities concerning the implementation of the third mission is provided, including the use of the index of University 3.0 development prerequisites proposed by the author. The author concludes that Russian higher education has low potential for the development of University 2.0 at the global level and for the creation of University 3.0. The author offers recommendations for addressing the problem of Russian higher education modernization, considering the development of its scientific and theoretical base and forming a strategic complex of development programs.
Forms of organisation of students’ academic research work in scientific student groups at universities of the Russian Empire in the late XIX – early XX century
Authors: Kuzyoma Tatyana Borisovna
Published: April 2023

The paper examines the features of organisation of students’ academic research work in the practice of scientific student groups at higher education institutions of the Russian Empire in order to identify the most effective forms of work that have not lost their relevance in the development of student science today. The paper presents the specifics of development of scientific student groups at Russian higher education institutions since the early XIX century, outlines the prerequisites for their appearance, describes the reasons for their intensive development. The work sheds light on the main goals and objectives of scientific student groups, describes the primary areas of their activities, outlines the practical results of their functioning in the late XIX – early XX century. It is noted that student scientific groups create conditions for the comprehensive and most complete development and realisation of students’ creative and scientific potential, form strong scientific traditions, contribute to the improvement of students’ knowledge in various fields of science, have different forms of organisation of students’ academic research activities. At the same time, the practice of organising students’ academic research work at higher education institutions of the Russian Empire within these student scientific groups in the late XIX – early XX century makes it possible to support students’ intellectual activities and enhance their cognitive abilities. The scientific novelty lies in analysing the forms of students’ academic research work at higher education institutions of the Russian Empire within student scientific groups in the late XIX – early XX century. The provision on the essence of the educational charter (the University Charter of June 18, 1863) and its relationship with the content of students’ academic research work in auxiliary institutions at universities and institutes of the Russian Empire has been further developed. Socio-economic, pedagogical factors in the development of scientific student groups in the late XIX – early XX century have been highlighted. The research findings can be used in the educational process of higher education institutions when teaching the courses “Fundamentals of Higher Education Pedagogy”, “History of Pedagogy” to students, postgraduates, teachers of higher education institutions, giving lecture courses on comparative pedagogy, the history of the Russian Empire, as well as when preparing the corresponding textbooks, methodological recommendations from the said courses, term papers and final qualifying papers at pedagogical education institutions of the III-IV levels of higher education accreditation.
Use of the intonation-semantic (content) analysis method in the context of the theory of artistic piano intonation in the process of musical and instrumental training of pedagogical university students
Authors: Maryatch Anastasiya Yuryevna , Shipilkina Tatyana Anatolyevna
Published: April 2023

The study aims to substantiate the necessity and expediency of using the intonation-semantic (content) analysis method in the process of musical and instrumental training of pedagogical university students. The paper reveals the essence of the intonation-semantic (content) analysis method in the context of the theory of artistic piano intonation. Intonation-semantic (content) analysis is presented as a special method of musical education that allows students to understand the author’s idea of a composition, the logic of musical dramaturgy development, to determine the features of the intonation-sound and analytical-structural organisation of a musical work and to embody all the identified elements in their own performance. Scientific novelty lies in the following: the essence of intonation-semantic (content) analysis is revealed in the context of the theory of artistic piano intonation; the features and pedagogical potential, conditions for the use of intonation-semantic (content) analysis as a productive method in the process of musical and instrumental training of pedagogical university students have been identified and determined. As a result, it has been proved that if intonation-semantic (content) analysis is systematically applied on a regular basis in the process of musical-pedagogical repertoire mastering, then students develop a conscious perception of works of art, students’ broadmindedness, understanding of genres and styles are formed, the quality of knowledge improves, there is a steady interest in musical training and the desire for self-improvement, which undoubtedly affects the expressiveness, emotionality and fullness of one’s own performance.
Methodology of teaching the Japanese hentaigana syllabary to future specialists in the field of East Asian languages and culture and teachers specialising in East Asian studies
Authors: Strelnikov Igor Anatolevich , Strelnikova Natalya Viktorovna , Ratnikova Vasilisa Igorevna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the research is to substantiate that the teaching of hentaigana characters, which still occupy a special place in the modern Japanese language, contributes to a deep understanding of the historical background behind the origin of hiragana, a Japanese syllabary type standardised in 1900, the ways of using ancient and modern forms of Japanese ideographic writing. At the same time, the teaching of practical knowledge of the semi-cursive and cursive forms of the hentaigana syllabary makes it psychologically easier to perceive unfamiliar ornate handwritten characters, develops imaginative thinking. The paper addresses the problem of training specialists in the field of East Asian languages and culture and teachers specialising in East Asian studies in the ideographic writing of the modern Japanese language. The research was conducted with respect to a special historical competence, the characters of the hentaigana syllabary, considered by many authors to be an outdated and archaic syllabary, using the content analysis of literature sources and the problem analysis of a situation. The paper presents the methodology, methodological techniques and examples of tasks for teaching hentaigana characters that are often found in the modern written Japanese language to future specialists in the field of East Asian languages and culture and teachers specialising in East Asian studies. The scientific novelty of the research lies in developing a methodology for teaching the system of semi-cursive and cursive writing using the example of the archaic hentaigana syllabary, one of the types of Japanese ideographic writing. As a result of the research, a comprehensive methodology for the immediate training of future specialists in the field of East Asian languages and culture and teachers specialising in East Asian studies in selected hentaigana characters in two stages has been developed. At the first – retrospective – stage, the students study the periods of development of hentaigana characters originated from China; the process of formation of hentaigana characters; the variants of hentaigana characters used in modern Japanese. At the second – prospective – stage of ideographic writing training, the authors propose the application of the developed comprehensive methodology, which includes four main techniques, active and passive tasks based on the information, digital, research, game, intellectual and health protection educational technologies.
Implementation of the principles of educational content visualisation in the blended teaching of foreign languages to students of linguistics
Authors: Murduskina Olga Valerievna
Published: April 2023

The research aims to determine the basic principles of visualisation, which can be used as a tool for optimising the educational process through the development of new-generation didactic materials in the blended teaching of foreign languages to students of linguistics. The paper discusses the notions of “blended teaching/learning” and “visualisation principle” and also describes the practical experience of the bilateral use of digital tools for the visual presentation of didactic materials. The scientific novelty of the work lies in determining the principles of didactic materials visualisation in the process of teaching foreign languages to students of linguistics at university. As a result, it has been found that the use of the principles of educational content visualisation when learning a foreign language stimulates the manifestation of creativity in students of linguistics, increases their motivation and can be recommended in the further practice of blended teaching.
Role of piano cycles by modern Russian composers for children in the development of musical interest among students of Chinese music schools
Authors: Zhao Jiabo
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the pedagogical potential of works written by modern Russian composers for piano in the process of teaching children at a music school in China. The paper analyses the educational orientation and artistic value of piano works by Russian composers for the effective inclusion of a wealth of musical material created by Romantic composers in the process of teaching young pianists in China. The appropriateness of including works of piano music by contemporary Russian composers for children in the pedagogical repertoire of Chinese music schools is discussed as a working hypothesis. The scientific novelty of the study lies in substantiating the effectiveness of applying the integrated approach, which consists in the unity of the performing and emotional-cognitive aspects of piano skills formation to develop musical interests of students at the Wuhan School of Arts. As a result, it has been proved that the inclusion of piano cycles by modern Russian composers for children in the educational process of a school of music arts is an effective factor in the development of students’ musical interest.
Functioning of the Progressive forms of the English verb as an intercultural component of professionally oriented foreign language teaching
Authors: Bocharova Marina Nikolaevna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the paper is to determine the need to introduce the main aspects of intercultural interaction in the field of professionally oriented teaching of English as a foreign language from the perspective of linguopragmatics in general and the communicative-pragmatic intention of the speaker in particular. The author of the paper points out that a cognitive-pragmatic approach should be followed in foreign language teaching. The paper is novel in that its author proves that there is a need to take into account the cognitive-pragmatic level of English grammar mastery and the speaker’s intentions (in particular, when observing the functioning of Progressive verb forms) when teaching professionally oriented English in terms of intercultural communication skills development. The paper describes the features of the English verb tense category; identifies the ways of intention expression through continuity; determines the extent to which culture-specific variants of the functioning of English Progressive verb forms are represented in textbooks and teaching aids in the subject. As a result of the study, it has been found that the learning and teaching support kits used in the practice of teaching a professionally oriented block of a foreign language do not take into account intercultural differences in the functioning of verb forms, which confirms the need to modify the learning and teaching support kits in order to focus students’ attention on both the intentional load of English grammar and continuity.
Image of Marianne Coulagot in the context of the theme of Russia in V. P. Aksyonov’s novel “The Burn”
Authors: Ulyanova Anna Vladimirovna
Published: April 2023

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the novel “The Burn”, the first postmodern novel by V. P. Aksyonov, an iconic writer of the 60s of the XX century. The aim of the research is to identify the features of creating the image of the main character Marianne Coulagot in the context of the theme of Russia. Marianne Coulagot is a key image not only of the plot-compositional organisation of the novel, but also of its ideological conception. The scientific originality of the research is seen in the fact that the author analyses in detail the central image of the writer’s little-studied novel from the perspective of semantic fields, identifying the individual author’s features of exploring the theme of Russia in the context of V. P. Aksyonov’s biography and the life of his contemporaries, the generation of the 60s-70s. As a result, the paper proves that V. P. Aksyonov, on the one hand, continues the traditions of N. V. Gogol, N. A. Nekrasov, F. M. Dostoevsky, A. A. Blok, S. A. Yesenin, creating a common folk female image, partly embodying the Russian national female character; on the other hand, the writer, protesting against the neutralisation of femininity in Soviet society, endows the heroine with naturalness, emotionality, sexuality, creating an image of a sensual woman. A number of ironic parallels between Marianne’s life and Russia’s cultural and historical path in the XX century reveals the tragic fate of the Russian intelligentsia who emigrated.
Poetry as the overcoming of death in the essayistics of F. Werfel and E. Canetti
Authors: Shastina Elena Michailovna , Seibel Nataliya Eduardovna
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the works of the Austrian writers-contemporaries Franz Viktor Werfel (1890-1945) and Elias Canetti (1905-1994). These works are created in the genre of essay. It allows us to trace the creative individuality of a great artist being engaged in a dialogue with time. The article is aimed at revealing the specifics of the author’s mythology and philosophy of F. Werfel and E. Canetti. In the article, the conceptions of both authors are compared. F. Werfel and E. Canetti interconnect the problems of sacral and historical time and poetry as the way of defeating time. On the basis of the essayistics analysis of both authors it has been identified that they interpret poetry as a way to overcome death and eradicate fear of death, which paralizes a person’s talent and thirst for action. The research novelty lies in the scientific introduction of the unstudied texts of both authors and in the definition of their typological connections at the level of ethic and aesthetic positions of the authors. As a result, it has been proved that the literary artists are united in their understanding of a writer’s role in the modern world. This understanding consists in the confrontation between time and death. The genre of essay allows us to trace the paradoxicality of thinking of both authors, who combine different ways of world perception.
Status of the verb ‘mögen’ and its grammatical form ‘möchte’ in German
Authors: Egorova Olga Michailovna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the research is to identify the semantic changes in the modal verb ‘mögen’ and its subjunctive form ‘möchte’ in German. The paper clarifies the status of the modal verb ‘mögen’ in diachrony and synchrony, explains the participation of ‘mögen’ and its form ‘möchte’ in the process of grammaticalization. The modal verb ‘mögen’ is considered from the perspective of its frequency in oral and written speech at various stages of the development of the German language and the identification of its modal meanings. The acquired modal meanings make it possible to speak about the expression of the category of modality by the verb ‘mögen’, namely the expression of volitive and epistemic modality. As linguistic analysis shows, the verb ‘mögen’ in its volitive meaning, used in the form of the subjunctive mood ‘möchte’, has a close meaning with the verb ‘wollen’ in the German language. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the substantiation of the linguistic status of the modal verb ‘mögen’ and its form ‘möchte’ in German as grammatical precedent units. As a result, it has been proved that the verb form ‘möchte’ should not be considered as a notional verb different from ‘mögen’.
Manipulation of the interlocutor in business communication situations (based on the material of German cinema)
Authors: Gazizov Rafael Arkadjevich , Dilmukhametova Arina Valerjevna
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the most common ways of manipulating the interlocutor in the business communication of Germans using the example of dialogues from modern German films. The authors consider the basic principles of business interaction between partners in order to identify deviations from the norms of communicative behaviour. The aim of the research is to identify and describe the main tactics of manipulation in the business communication of Germans. The paper examines acts of manipulation, the linguistic units used for further recognition of an act of manipulation and also reveals Germans’ response to manipulation attempts. In addition, the authors consider the main personality types of the manipulator in business communication. The research is novel in that it is the first to consider the linguistic units peculiar to the act of manipulation in German business communication. As a result of the study, it has been found that the main tactics of the manipulator’s behaviour in business communication are his/her attempt to depart from the accepted norms of behaviour in the business communication of Germans by creating situations unusual for the manipulated person (tactics of departure from generally accepted norms), as well as the tactics of seduction, implemented through the use of the manipulator’s personal qualities.
Realisation of the concessive construction ‘zwar …, aber …’ in oral doctor-patient communication
Authors: Osipenko Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the communicative features of the adversative construction ‘(zwar) …, aber …’ (‘true …, but …’) when used in oral dialogues between oncologists and cancer patients. The scientific novelty lies, firstly, in presenting the ways of construction verbalisation in oral dialogues on specialised medical topics; secondly, in determining the communicative functions manifested in stressful doctor-patient communication when delivering and discussing a cancer diagnosis. The results of the study show that the similarity in the realisation of the construction in oral and written speech is mainly in the need to predict the speech situation: for the oncologist, this is a need to anticipate the patient’s questions, for the creator of an academic written text – the reader’s counterarguments. The main difference is seen in the purpose of using this construction. In doctor-patient communication, the construction is used to deliver bad news (in the first part of the construction, i.e. the ‘zwar’ part), as well as to describe the positive characteristics of a tumor (in the second part of the construction, i.e. the ‘aber’ part). In academic texts, the construction serves to oppose the author’s opinion to other points of view.
Karachay-Balkar microtoponyms with the colourative къызыл ‘red’
Authors: Khubolov Sakhadin Magametovich , Tekuev Mussa Maskhutovich , Miziev Akhmat Magometovich
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the structural-semantic, grammatical and motivational features of the Karachay-Balkar microtoponyms with the colourative къызыл ‘red’. The work is novel in that it is the first to carry out a structural-semantic and grammatical analysis of the onyms under consideration using the material of the Karachay-Balkar language, to determine the degree of productivity of formal models, to consider the main motives for the naming of units. As a result of the study, it was found that the toponyms in question are one-word, two-word, three-word and four-word descriptions. One-word toponyms are represented by one non-derivative and two derived lexemes. The research findings showed that the two-component nominations of geographical objects formed according to the “adjective + substantive” model prevail, although some of them are structured according to the “adjective + postpositional name”, “adjective + primary adverbial participle ending in -ып” schemes. Three-word toponymical descriptions include the adjective къызыл ‘red’, as well as substantives of various semantics. As for the composition of four-word microtoponyms, along with adjectives and substantives, there is also a past participle.
Features of neologisms translation in the economic discourse of the English language
Authors: Vasbieva Dinara Giniyatullovna
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to identify the main difficulties in translating neologisms or new meanings of words, since they are often not available in dictionaries, including specialised ones. The paper examines the generally accepted methods of neologisms translation and analyses specific examples from economic articles of the English-language newspaper ‘The Guardian’. The author attempts to shed light on the possible ways to overcome the difficulties of translating new words or new meanings of existing words that have appeared in connection with the current socio-economic situation, using an interdisciplinary approach that combines linguistic and economic knowledge in a coherent and coordinated way. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in identifying the main characteristics of neologisms as the linguistic representatives of the realities of modern post-pandemic economics in lexicographic and discursive aspects and as a strategic communicative unit that enhances the role of economic discourse. The results of the study reflect the use of translation techniques (calque, transcription and transliteration, descriptive translation and search for words or phrases that have full correspondence in another language) when translating economic neologisms, including strategies for their translation based on economic knowledge and awareness in a specific economic environment, as well as the processes of development of the lexical subsystem of modern English.
Obstacle Detection for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Abdul Khaliq Nor Aizatul Nabila , Ramli Muhammad Faiz ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
Published: April 2023

This study aims to develop an obstacle detection system for unmanned aerial vehicles utilisingthe ORB feature extraction. In the past, small unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)were typically equipped with vision-based or range-based sensors. Each sensor in the sensor-based technique possesses different advantages and disadvantages. As a result, the small unmanned aerial vehicle is unable to determine the obstacle's distance or bearing precisely. Due to physical size restrictions and payload capacity, the lightweight Pi Camera and TF Luna LiDAR sensor were selected as the most suitable sensors for integration. In algorithmdevelopmentandfiltration isused to improve the accuracy of the feature matching process, which is required for classifying the obstacle region and free region of any texture obstacle. The experimentwas under the environment of OpenCV and Spyder. In real-time experiment, the success rate for good texture (40%), poor texture (55%) and texture-less (45%) The findings indicate that the recommended method works well for detectingtextures-less obstacle even though the success rate is only 40% becauseout of 10 test only one test is fail on detecting free region. The sensor calibration and constructing convex hullfor obstacle detectionis recommended in future works to improve the efficiency of the obstacle detection system and classified the free region and obstacle region to create safe avoidance path.
The Significant of Efficient Wind Turbines Arrangement in Mersing
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Irfan Muhammad Nor , Rosly Nurhayati ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: April 2023

In this work, the results of wind velocity and its impact on wind energy power are reviewed. It incorporates statistical study of the wind regime, power analysis, and the probability distribution of wind speed. A thorough probability distribution selection yields a clear power analysis. Weibull and Gama probability distribution is the primary distribution used. The wind power equation is created using a transformation approach, and the results of the research to show that Malaysia may effectively collect wind energy especially when the wind turbines are located at the coastal area. The Mersing area's potential for producing wind energy with the exact location and direction for placing the wind turbine is suggested in this paper.
Traditional Administrative System and Community Development in Nigeria: Roles and Relevance of Traditional Institution in Local Community Development
Authors: Olawoyin Mustapha Adeyemi
Published: April 2023

Recently, the 1999 Nigerian constitution has been unavoidably silent on specific roles for traditional rulers in the country. Thus, traditional institutions play a crucial part in policy development and implementation in the country. Consequently, the lack of constitutional roles for traditional institutions severely limited their utility at the grassroots. The study assesses the roles of the traditional administrative system of selected communities in Osun State towards the integration of traditional core values into mainstream administration in Nigeria and also assesses the relevance of traditional institutions in managing inherent conflicts of the selected communities in Osun State. The study engaged qualitative research through key informant interviews and in-depth interviews. The findings showed that traditional institutions in Nigeria play active roles in the development process in the country. Despite their difficulty, the roles were more visible in cultural dissemination and managing conflicts in the local communities. The study concluded that the traditional administrative system and structure had influenced community development in the southwest region immensely but are limited in function and operation largely by the absence of roles in the Nigeria constitution.
Nicolaus Bulow: the translator of the “Destillierbuch”?
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanov Sergey , Levichkin Alexandr ,   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The Russian translation of the German Destillierbuch from the edition published in 1521 is notable for the fact that it contains transliterations implying a Low German or Dutch original. However, since there was no Low German edition of the text, and the Dutch one could not be a source for the translation, it can be assumed that Low German was the mother tongue of the translator or editor. The paper also investigates other characteristics of the translation that point to the translator’s profound knowledge of Latin and medicine. This combination of features closely resembles Nicolaus Bulow, a native of Lübeck, a famous translator and physician at the Moscow court. The chronology does not contradict this hypothesis.
Secular Christian Dual Naming in the Epitaphs of Moscow Rus (Around Three Unpublished Inscriptions of the 16th—17th centuries)
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Avdeev Alexander , Litvina Anna ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Uspenskij Fedor ,   Vinogradov Institute for Russian Language, Russian Academy of Sciences, Radeeva Olga ,   Department of Manuscripts, Russian State Library
Published: April 2023

The article analyses the little-explored cultural practice of dual Christian naming as reflected on 16th and 17th century gravestones. The study focuses on key linguistic aspects of representing several names of the deceased; the principles of name-giving and dual name functioning – both during a person's life and after their passing—are reconstructed with special attention to epitaphic texts. By adopting an onomastic approach, the authors are able to attribute several gravestones; a number of inscriptions, previously unstudied, are researched for the first time.
Peasant Speech in Ivan Turgenev’s “A Sportsman’s Sketches” and Russian Fiction Before the Emancipation
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Vdovin Alexey
Published: April 2023

The article focuses on the representation of peasant speech in short stories from peasant life published before the abolition of serfdom in 1861. The author shows that throughout the entire period, writers gradually increased the ratio of dialect («regional») words in the speech of peasant characters. The culmination of this trend came in the mid-1850s and correlated, on the one hand, with the rapid development of ethnographic and dialectological knowledge in the Russian Empire, and, on the other hand, with the formation of a trend towards the aesthetic representation of peasants as “others” in juxtaposition to the educated elite. In prose, to make the subjectivity of peasants more embodied, it was necessary to depict their speech as generally understandable to readers, and at the same time — as phonetically and lexically different from it. The degree of such deviation was supposed to be not very significant, and literary critics constantly debated the fine line between ‘typically reliable’ and ‘inadequate’. The article presents various ways of depicting peasant voices and speech in the prose of both canonical (I. S. Turgenev) and peripheral authors (I. I. Zapolsky, A. V. Nikitenko, A. F. Martynov, E. P. Novikov).
Teaching English as a second language in intermediate schools: instances, Advantages, and Challenges
Authors: Ghafoor Laiba
Published: April 2023

Teaching English as a second language in intermediate schools: instances, Advantages, and Challenges
KONSEP DAN TEORI UANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Anwar Khaerul
Published: April 2023

KONSEP DAN TEORI UANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
The Public Background of English Language Instruction: A Reader
Authors: Ghafoor Laiba
Published: April 2023

The Public Background of English Language Instruction: A Reader
Spike2Vec
Authors: Jarvis Russell J , Urbizagastegui Pablo Alejandro de Abreu , Bethi Yeshwanth , Mehrabi Ali , Marcireau Alex
Published: April 2023

Scalable methods for representing the transient behaviour of large populations of neurons are needed. In this work, we present an algorithm that can detect fine-grained repetitions quickly across large spiking datasets. The proposed method enables us to quantify both state and state transitions in spike trains. We were motivated to create this tool because existing tools that can also detect reoccurring patterns in spike trains are often not scalable or they are limited towards detecting only particular types of spike patterns. In this work, we demonstrate a geometric representation of complex spike patterns; we represented time-bound neural activity as simple geometric coordinates in a high dimensional space, as this will enable researchers to track the trajectory of the network between familiar and unfamiliar states. Working with geometric representations of chaotic spike trains facilitates state transition recordings in both biologically recorded spike trains and their digitally simulated counterparts. Quickly identifying repeated states in large-scale neuronal data and simulation is essential, as the degree of repetition should influence the mindset of scientists analysing spike trains. For instance, several established cortical network models have assumed that realistic cortical neuronal activity should be Asynchronous and Irregular Activity (AI) in character such as Brunel's balanced model of cortex @brunel1996hebbian. By ascertaining repetitions in large spiking datasets we can quantify the frequency of repetition and better understand a network's ability to revisit states. To this end, we represented time-bound neural activity as simple geometric coordinates in a high-dimensional space. Working with geometric representations of chaotic spike train recordings may enable researchers to find a standard RTSP set of RTSPs. In this work, we show the beginning contributions of compiled Vectorized library of neuronal spike train recordings, which contains recordings from different individuals and individuals from other mammal species. By compiling a Vectorized library of neuronal spike train recordings, we can transform vectors by swapping the axis order of the constituent vectors to find the vector axis order that maximises overlap between replayed events from different organisms.
An overview of English language education in East Asia
Authors: Tahir Fatima
Published: April 2023

An overview of English language education in East Asia
ANALISIS PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN AGREGATIF
Authors: Sumirah R.R. Dhewi Putri Ayu
Published: April 2023

Permintaan Agregat adalah permintaan total kuantitas untuk barang dan jasa akhir dalam suatu perekonomian pada waktu tertentu. Penawaran Agregat adalah kuantitas barang dan jasa yang diproduksi dan dijual pada setiap tingkat inflasi di sebuah negara.
Emergence Of Emotion Selectivity in A Deep Neural Network Trained to Recognize Visual Objects
Authors: Liu Peng , Ding Mingzhou , Fang Ruogu
Published: April 2023

Visual cortex plays an important role in representing the affective significance of visual input. The origin of these affect-specific visual representations is debated: they are innate to the visual system versus they arise through reentry from frontal emotion processing structures such as the amygdala. We examined this problem by combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) model of the human ventral visual cortex pretrained on ImageNet with two datasets of affective images. Our results show that (1) in all layers of the CNN model, there were artificial neurons that responded consistently and selectively to neutral, pleasant, or unpleasant images and (2) lesioning these neurons by setting their output to 0 or enhancing these neurons by increasing their gain lead to decreased or increased emotion recognition performance respectively. These results support the idea that the visual system may have the innate ability to represent the affective significance of visual input and suggest that CNNs offer a fruitful platform for testing neuroscientific theories
Jual Beli dalam Era Kontemporer
Authors: Bahri Muchlas Hakho
Published: April 2023

Jual beli adalah suatu perjanjian tukar menukar benda atau barang yang mempunyai nilai secara sukarela diantara kedua belah pihak , dimana pihak yang satu menerima benda - benda dan pihak lain menerima sesuai dengan perjanjian atau ketentuan yang telah dibenarkan secara syara ' dan disepakati . Sesuai dengan ketetapan hukum maksudnya ialah memenuhi persyaratan , rukun - rukun dan hal - hal lain yang ada kaitanya dengan jual beli , sehingga bila syarat - syarat dan rukunnya tidak terpenuhi berarti tidak sesuai dengan kehendak syara ' . ! Jual beli merupakan akad yang sangat umum digunakan oleh masyarakat , karena dalam setiap pemenuhan kebutuhan - kebutuhannya , masyarakat tidak bisa utuhan - keb berpaling untuk meninggalkan akad ini . Dari akad jual beli ini masyarakat dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari - hari seperti kebutuhan pokok ( primer ) . kebutuhan tambahan ( sekunder ) dan kebutuhan tersier Kehidupan bermuamalah memberikan gambaran mengenai kebijakan perekonomian . Banyak dalam kehidupan sehari - hari masyarakat memenuhi kehidupannya dengan cara berbisnis . Dalam ilmu ekonomi , bisnis adalah suatu organisasi yang menjual barang atau jasa kepada konsumen atau bisnis lainnya untuk mendapatkan laba. Suatu akad jual beli di katakan sebagai jual beli yang sah apabila jual beli itu disyariatkan , memenuhi rukun dan syarat sah yang di tentukan , bukan milik orang lain , tidak tergantung pada hak khiyar . Sebaliknya jual beli di katan batal apabila salah satu rukun atau seluruh rukunnya tidak terpenuhi , atau jual beli itu pada dasarnya tidak disyariatkan , seperti jual beli yang di lakukan anak kecil , orang gila , atau barang yang di jual itu barang - barang yang di haramkan oleh syara ' , seperti bangkai , darah , babi , dan khamar . Akan tetapi , dewasa ini , masyarakat melakukan transaksi jual beli dengan menghalalkan segala cara hanya untuk meraup keuntungan yang besar tanpa memperhatikan apakah transaksi jual beli yang diakukannya sudah sesuai apa yang telah disyariatkan atau tidak
During COVID-19, English Language Instruction and Learning: A Worldwide View of the First Year
Authors: Tahir Fatima
Published: April 2023

During COVID-19, English Language Instruction and Learning: A Worldwide View of the First Year
Theories of wellbeing, practical applications and implications for coaching
Authors: Fisher Zoe , Wilkie Lowri , Hamill Alexandra , Kemp Andrew Haddon
Published: April 2023

Wellbeing is a topic of great research interest, but also one of considerable debate. In this chapter we provide an overview of recent developments in wellbeing science. We summarise the literature around the term wellbeing, and introduce a theoretical framework – the GENIAL model – that we have developed over the last few years, bringing together often conflicting views. Following a discussion of the underpinning theory and research, we provide some practical examples of how our framework has been applied in the healthcare and education sectors and could be applied in the coaching context with a particular focus on two new tools – presented in a separate section within a tools-focused chapter – and their application. While we acknowledge that our work has been conducted within the context of clinical psychology and undergraduate teaching, we seek to highlight the overlap between developments in wellbeing science and coaching psychology throughout our chapter. Critically, we also point to emerging opportunities for coaching psychologists to support the inner development of clients that we hope will lay stronger foundations for progress on sustainable development goals.
Everyday discrimination, co-ethnic social support and mood changes in young adult immigrants in Germany – Evidence from an ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Krüger Heike
Published: April 2023

Background: First-generation migrants often face a high number of stressors after arrival in the host society. Exploring which social resources can buffer the negative impact of discrimination on mental health is therefore important. Conceptually, previous work has emphasized the distinction between the availability of intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic support for processing stressors. The first social contacts in the country of arrival are often members of the same ethnic group, and they are, therefore, more likely to be providers of social support in the first years after arrival. However, perceived support by members of the host society should notably mitigate feelings of rejection associated with discrimination.Objective: The aim is to investigate the momentary impact of discrimination experiences on mood changes and to examine the extent to which buffering tendencies exist through perceived social support. In addition, the relevance of the ethnicity of the interaction partner is investigated.Method: Using an ecological momentary assessment design, first-generation migrants in Germany, who recently migrated from Poland, Turkey, or Syria, were questioned three times a day over seven days in June 2021 (N individuals=976; N observations=11.470). A series of hybrid mixed-effects regression models were estimated to separate within and between-subject effects.Results: The mixed-effects models indicate that perceived social support buffers the negative effect of everyday? discrimination experiences on mood only moderately. The multivariate models do not provide clear evidence as to whether inter- or intra-ethnic support is of greater importance. For situational variations in perceived social support as well as for support by interaction partners, a positive main effect for mood is observed.Conclusion: The findings illustrate that being embedded in a supportive network is important in everyday life, regardless of the occurrence of stressors. Furthermore, the study indicates that the extent of perceived support is more important for first-generation migrants than the ethnic origin of the support provider.