bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES TERHADAP NILAI UJIAN BLOK MAHASISWA PSKPS FK ULM
Authors: Raditya Raditya , Nurikhwan Pandji Winata , Sanyoto Didik Dwi , Bakhriansyah Mohammad , Limantara Sherly
Published: December 2023

Mahasiswa adalah orang yang sedang menjalani proses pendidikan di perguruan tinggi. Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi berkembangan sangat pesat. Mahasiswa juga dituntut untuk mengikuti berkembangan tersebut dalam proses pendidikannya. Stres mahasiswa dapat disebabkan oleh faktor akademik dan non-akademik, seperti faktor persoalan dalam keluarga, faktor ekonomi, faktor tempat sosial dan lain-lain. Jika mahasiswa tidak dapat mengatasi stresnya dengan baik, hal ini akan mengakibatkan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajarnya. Stres merupakan suatu tekanan yang terasa pada diri seorang manusia. Stres pada seseorang mungkin disebabkan adanya konflik antara harapan dan kenyataan yang diinginkan seseorang, baik berupa jasmani maupun rohani. Pengumpulan data tingkat stres pada mahasiswa PSKPS FK ULM dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner MSSQ (Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire) dan data nilai ujian blok mahasiswa PSKPS FK ULM. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional. Metode penarikan sampael pada penelitian ini adalah stratified total sampling. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji non-parametrik Spearman’s dengan nilai signifikansi p<0,01. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 141 orang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan mahasiswa yang mengalami tingkat stres ringan sebanyak 16%, tingkat stres sedang sebanyak 50%, tingkat stres berat sebanyak 31% dan stres sangat berat sebanyak 3%. Mahasiswa dengan nilai lulus ujian blok sebanyak 57% dan yang tidak lulus 43%. Berdasarkan uji Spearman’s didapatkan r = -0,251. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang lemah antara tingkat stres dan nilai ujian blok mahasiswa PSKPS FK ULM.
TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN MALPRAKTIK PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT
Authors: Angi Vinni Fioleta , Nirmalasari Nila , Husairi Ahmad , Aflanie Iwan , Panghiyangani Roselina
Published: December 2023

Kasus malpraktik kini sudah menjadi salah satu masalah paling utama yang berkaitan dengan hukum kesehatan dan pelayanan kesehatan. Meskipun saat ini undang-undang kesehatan dan praktik kedokteran sudah memperkuat status hukum bagi pasien dan menyetarakan hubungan hukum antara pasien dan dokter namun peningkatan kasus-kasus malpraktik tidak dapat dihindari. Pada tahun 2006 hingga 2012 sudah ada tercatat 183 kasus malpraktik medik yang di lakukan oleh dokter maupun perawat. Saat ini masyarakat sudah semakin sadar bahwa dokter dapat dituntut bila dicurigai melakukan tindakan yang melanggar etika atau hukum yang mana jika tuntutan yang berlebihan dan tidak diiringi dengan pemahaman yang cukup tentang sistem dan kondisi  dari pelayanan kesehatan maka akan terus terjadi ketidakpuasan akan pelayanan kesehatan dan mudah memberikan tuduhan malpraktik medik.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional, yaitu dengan mengambil data pada mahasiswa fakultas hukum menggunakan kuisioner untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lambung Mangkurat mengenai malpraktik medik dan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman malpraktik medik pada mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman malpraktik medik mahasiswa fakultas hukum Universitas Lambung Mangkurat sebanyak 4 orang (5,5) tinggi, sebanyak 84 orang (92%) sedang dan sebanyak 3 orang(3,3%)rendah.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN PERILAKU MAKAN DAN STATUS GIZI
Authors: Vory Vory , Fitria Yanti , Triawanti Triawanti , Fadhilah Syaiful , Audhah Nelly Al
Published: December 2023

Kecemasan adalah keadaan emosional yang tidak menyenangkan yang sering disertai dengan keluhan fisik. Mahasiswa kedokteran mengalami tingkat kecemasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa lainnya dikarenakan jadwal perkuliahan yang lebih padat. Mahasiswa yang mengalami stressor terkait dengan akademik dapat mempengaruhi perilaku makan, dapat berupa peningkatan nafsu makan maupun penurunan nafsu makan. Bila hal ini terjadi dalam waktu yang lama akan menyebabkan perubahan status gizi. Perubahan status gizi dapat menyebabkan masalah gizi yaitu underweight, overweight, dan obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kecemasan dengan perilaku makan dan status gizi mahasiswa klinik. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan data menggunakan data primer berupa wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa klinik stase mayor di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Jumlah sampel adalah 157 subjek penelitian dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil uji chi-square tidak menunjukkan hubungan antara kecemasan dan perilaku makan p-value 0,407 (>0,05) dan menunjukkan hubungan antara kecemasan dan status gizi p-value 0,000 (<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kecemasan dengan perilaku makan namun terdapat hubungan antara kecemasan dan status gizi mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Profesi Dokter Program Profesi pada stase mayor di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.
KORELASI JUMLAH SEL GOBLET DENGAN JUMLAH SEL RADANG LIMFOSIT PADA GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI KANKER KOLOREKTAL
Authors: Haliza Widya Noor , Wibowo Agung Ary , Oktaviyanti Ika Kustiyah , Budiwinata Winardi , Rosida Lena
Published: December 2023

Kanker kolorektal merupakan penyakit yang berasal dari polip yang merupakan hasil dari sel epitel pelapis kolon dan rektum yang mengalami mutasi sehingga tumbuh menjadi polip yang merupakan lesi prekursor neoplastik. Mutasi ini menyebabkan hiperproliferasi, penipisan musin, dan disintegrasi sel goblet sehingga homeostasis usus terganggu dan proses inflamasi terus menerus terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi jumlah sel goblet dengan jumlah sel radang limfosit pada sediaan histopatologi kolorektal di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin pada tahun 2021-2022. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, menggunakan sampel sebanyak 35 sediaan (preparat/slide) histopatologi dan diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Uji Rank Spearman yang dilakukan telah menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara jumlah sel goblet dengan jumlah sel radang limfosit dengan nilai p yaitu 0,002. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara jumlah sel goblet dengan jumlah sel radang limfosit pada gambaran histopatologi kanker kolorektal di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin tahun 2021-2022.
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIVIRUS PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP NON-ICU COVID-19 DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN
Authors: Rosyida Kamila , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Nur'amin Hendra Wana , Nurrasyidah Ira , Yasmina Alfi
Published: December 2023

COVID-19 menunjukkan penyebaran secara cepat dengan kondisi rawat inap yang beragam. Terapi antivirus menjadi salah satu terapi utama COVID-19. Sampai sekarang pengobatan antivirus untuk COVID-19 masih menggunakan obat yang telah ada sebelumnya dengan persetujuaan dalam keadaan mendesak. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan antivirus pada pasien COVID-19 di ruang rawat inap non-ICU di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional yang menggunakan subjek pasien rawat inap non-ICU COVID-19 berusia >18 tahun berdasarkan catatan pusat data elektronik dan rekam medis yang lengkap pada periode 2020 - 2021. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 146 subyek dengan antivirus yang digunakan antara lain lopinavir/ritonavir (32,7%), favipiravir (30,8%), remdesivir (19,9%) dan oseltamivir (16,7%). Berdasarkan rentang usia pasien non-ICU COVID-19 paling banyak pada usia 46-65 tahun (47,4%) dengan penggunakan antivirus favipiravir (32,4%) dan lopinavir/ritonavir (32,4%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, penggunaan antivirus terbanyak pada lopinavir/ritonavir (36,5%) pada laki-laki serta favipiravir (35,2%) pada perempuan. Berdasarkan komorbid yang paling banyak dimiliki penderita COVID-19 di ruang non-ICU adalah hipertensi (38,64%), dengan penggunaan antivirus remdesivir (26,47%). Berdasarkan durasi rawat inap tersingkat dengan luaran klinis sembuh, penggunaan antivirus terbanyak adalah favipiravir (28,08%) dengan rata-rata 13 hari rawat inap.
PROFIL SEDIMEN URIN PADA INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH KASUS OBSTETRI
Authors: Nabil Muhammad Wijdaan , Nizomy Ihya Ridlo , Rosida Azma , Armanza Ferry , Hendriyono Franciscus Xaverius
Published: December 2023

Bakteriuria asimptomatik merupakan ISK yang umum terjadi pada wanita hamil. Apabila tidak diobati, 20%-30% akan berkembang menjadi pielonefritis. Penapisan dan pengobatan ISK yang tepat pada populasi ini dapat mencegah pielonefritis dan masalah perinatal yang merugikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan profil ISK kasus obstetri berdasarkan usia, pekerjaan, alamat, paritas, usia kehamilan dan hasil sedimentasi urin di bagian OBSGIN RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin Periode Juni 2021-Mei 2022. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pengambilan data melalui rekam medik pasien. Jumlah subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 264 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan prevalensi ISK kasus obstetri Periode Juni 2021-Mei 2022 sebanyak 270 orang (34,8%). Berdasarkan usia paling banyak terjadi rentang usia 20-35 tahun sebanyak 191 orang (72,3%) dengan pekerjaan tidak bekerja sebanyak 186 orang (70,5%), dan alamat di Banjarmasin sebanyak 150 orang (56,8%). Berdasarkan paritas pasien ISK kasus obstetri paling banyak pada multipara sebanyak 94 orang (35,6%) dan usia kehamilan pada trimester III sebanyak 221 orang (83,7%). Berdasarkan hasil sedimentasi urin paling banyak didapatkan jumlah leukosit ≤ 3 LPB sebanyak 54,2%, jumlah eritrosit > 2 LPB sebanyak 80,3%, sel epitel negatif sebanyak 82,2% dan silinder negatif sebanyak 97,7%.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN INFRARED DAN WFE TERHADAP FUNGSI KONTROL POSTUR PASIEN LBP MEKANIK
Authors: Humairah Noradzkia , Hayati Azka , Asnawati Asnawati , Noor Zairin , Fakhrurrazy Fakhrurrazy
Published: December 2023

LBP mekanik mengacu pada nyeri punggung yang timbul secara intrinsik dari tulang belakang, diskus intervertebralis, atau jaringan lunak di sekitarnya. Keterbatasan aktivitas dan kemampuan kerja menjadi menurun disebabkan oleh penurunan fungsi fisiologis, neurologis, dan kemampuan fisik. Oleh karena itu dilakukan pemeriksaan uji fungsi kontrol postur untuk menilai keseimbangan atau fungsi kontrol terhadap posisi tubuh pada dengan gangguan fungsi keseimbangan dengan menilai performa dalam menjalankan tugas fungsional BBS. Selain terapi farmakologis, penatalaksanaan LBP didukung juga dengan pemberian terapi fisik baik terapi modalitas maupun terapi latihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian IR dan terapi latihan WFE terhadap fungsi kontrol postur pada pasien LBP mekanik yang di lakukan pada pasien rawat jalan RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan observasional analitik dalam satu kelompok (one group pre test-post test design) dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pada subjek penelitian dilakukan pengamatan kontrol postur sebelum dan sesudah terapi dengan menggunakan BBS. Rerata±SD nilai BBS sebelum diberikan intervensi sebesar 49.5±2.34521 dan setelah diberikan intervensi selama 1 bulan menjadi 52.3±1.86190. Analisis data menggunakan uji T berpasangan mendapatkan nilai p=0,02. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat efektivitas pemberian terapi modalitas dan terapi latihan pada fungsi kontrol postur pasien LBP rawat jalan di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.
Effectiveness of Ramania Leaves (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) from South Kalimantan as a Mosquito Larvae Biolarvicidal
Authors: Aryzki Saftia , Febrianti Dwi Rizki
Published: December 2023

Indonesia itself as a tropical country has many plants that can be used as biolarvicides, one of which is the ramania plant (Bouea macrophylla Griffith). Ramania fruit epidermis contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, phenolic tannins, alcohol, steroids and terpenoids where these compounds have a larvicidal effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the ethanol extract of the epidermis of the ramania fruit as a biolarvicidal Mosquito larvae from the LC50 value. This research is a laboratory experimental research. The treatment concentrations used in this study were 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm. Temephos 1% was used as a positive control. Concentrations were then tested on 20 larvae instar III. The results of SPSS analysis with a significance of <0.05 showed that there was an effect of treatment on the number of larvae deaths, where the results of Tuckey analysis showed that concentrations of 50 ppm and 100 ppm and Temephos 1% showed differences. which means the number of deaths of test larvae. The results showed that the ethanol extract of ramania rind of ramania fruit (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) was effective as a biolarvicidal mosquito larvae. The results of probit analysis showed that the LC50 of ethanol extract of ramania rind against larvae was 20,844 ppm which is a low toxic group in aquatic environments.
Coefficient Test of Antimicrobial Phenol Combination of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes Extract In Vitro as Alternative Disinfection Candidates
Authors: Budiarti Lia Yulia , Kaidah Siti , Azhari Nazla Puteri , Putri Putri
Published: December 2023

Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes are weeds that often pollute water areas. These two contain various active compounds that act as antimicrobials, which have the potential as disinfection agents to prevent the transmission of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. An antimicrobial substance is said to be effective as a good disinfectant if it has a phenol coefficient value equal to or more than the 5% phenol comparison substance. The aim of this research was to test the effectiveness of a combination of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes extracts as a disinfection candidate through the phenol coefficient test. This in vitro experimental study was carried out using a dilution technique. The combination treatment of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes extracts and 5% phenol was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and also Candida albicans yeast. Observations on the test media suspension tubes that were clear or did not show the growth of the test microbes for a period of 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The phenol coefficient value of the combination treatment of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes extracts was ≥1 with 5% phenol as comparison. Higher coefficient values were obtained for Staphylococcus aureus, equivalent values of 5% phenol were found for E.coli, P.aeruginosa, and C.albicans; whereas in S.typhi the value is <1. The combination treatment of E.crassipes and P.stratiotes extracts resulted in a phenol coefficient value equivalent to that of 5% phenol comparator, for several tested bacteria and yeasts. So it has effectiveness as a preparation for disinfection. The combination of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes extracts has antimicrobial effectiveness and can be developed as an alternative disinfection candidate.
Potential of Chemical Compounds from Coloring Plants (Stenochlaena palutris) as Competitors for ALK Protein Damage Due To Pesticide Exposure: In Silico Study
Authors: Sarmila Sarmila , Nafisah Nafisah , Habibah Hanna , Saputri Indah , Setiawati Indah , Komari Noer
Published: December 2023

Pesticide active ingredients have widespread toxicity effects on target and non-target organisms. Continuous exposure to pesticides causes cancer. Kelakai is thought to have potential cytotoxic activity against the growth of cancer cells. The aim of this research is to examine the potential activity of chemical compounds on Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) proteins exposed to organophosphate pesticides in silico. Protein and ligand preparation with the Chimera program, Docking using SwissDock, as well as virtual screening using the pkCSM web and ProTox. Ethion and neophytadiene have the most negative ∆G values of -8.62 kcal/mol and -8.39 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding site for ethion and neophytadiene compounds with the ALK protein is right at the active site of the ALK protein. Ethion is the most toxic organophosphate pesticide and has the potential to be cytogenic. Neophytadiene from kelakai compounds has the potential to act as a competitor in inhibiting the ALK protein. The similarity in the type and number of binding residues in ethion and neophytadiene in the ALK protein indicates competition between ethion and neophytadiene.
Risk Factors Analysis in Recurrent Stroke Events: Literature Review
Authors: Sayeeda Adinda , Agianto Agianto , Agustina Rismia , Rizany Ichsan
Published: December 2023

After the first stroke, according to epidemiological data, there is a 30% risk of recurrent stroke. That events are the population who had suffered stroke and the recurrence rate is 9 times compared to the normal population. Results of research from the Stroke Association stated that the possibility of recurrence stroke was 3.1% in 30 days, 11.1% within one year, 26.4% within five years, and 39.2% within 10 years. This literature review is intended to analyze the risk factors of recurrent stroke events. The literature review was carried out by searching for articles in 2011-2021 in Indonesian and English. There were four databases for providing electronic journal articles, namely Garuda, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. The quality of the articles carried out using JBI's Critical Appraisal Tools. Narrative synthesized was used to analyze the data of the review.  There were 6 articles synthesized in this review. The review result showed that diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, anemia, obesity, lack of physical activity, high serum of LDL/HDL, non-adherence to treatment, lack of confidence in treatment, lack of knowledge about the disease, and gender can encourage the occurrence of recurrent stroke. Many factors cause recurrent stroke events but diabetes mellitus, hypertension and  non-adherence to treatment are most widely discussed in the six articles.
PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME HYBRID COMPOSITE BULU ITIK DAN SERAT PURUN TIKUS BERMATRIK POLYSTER TERHADAP KEKUATAN TEKAN DAN BENTUK PATAHAN
Authors: Syarief Akhmad , Fauzi Dimas Habib
Published: December 2023

Material komposit umumnya dipahami sebagai sebuah material gabungan antara sebuah matrik dan satu atau beberapa penguat (reinforced), dengan sifat berbeda satu dengan yang lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai kekuatan tekan serta menganalisis bentuk patahan dari hybrid composite bulu itik (Anas Plathycus Borneo) – serat purun tikus (Eleocharis Dulcis) bermatriks polyester terhadap uji tekan. Pengujian tekan yang dilakukan menggunakan standar ASTM D1621-00 . Hasil penelitian diperoleh kuat tekan tertinggi dimiliki oleh spesimen dengan fraksi volume 10% bulu itik – 90% serat purun tikus, yaitu 130,98 MPa dan nilai kuat tekan terendah dimiliki oleh spesimen dengan fraksi volume 90% bulu itik – 10% serat purun tikus, yaitu 86,29 Mpa. Nilai tersebut terlihat bahwa semakin tinggi komposisi purun tikus maka semakin tinggi kuat tekannya dan jika semakin tinggi komposisi serat bulu itik makan nilai kuat tekannya akan menurun. Spesimen uji tekan dengan nilai tertinggi dan terendah mengalami jenis patahan Fibre Pull Out.Composite materials are generally understood as composite materials between a matrix and one or several reinforced (reinforced), with different properties from one another. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of compressive strength and to analyze the fracture shape of the hybrid composite of duck down (Anas Plathycus Borneo) – water chestnuts (Eleocharis Dulcis) fiber with a polyester matrix against compression tests. Compressive testing was carried out using the ASTM D1621-00 standard. The results showed that the highest compressive strength was obtained by a specimen with a volume fraction of 10% duck hair – 90% water chesnuts fiber, namely 130.98 MPa, and the lowest compressive strength value was owned by a specimen with a volume fraction of 90% duck hair – 10% water chesnuts fiber 86.29 MPa. It can be seen that the higher the composition of the water chesnuts, the higher the compressive strength, and if the higher the composition of the duck hair fiber, the compressive strength value will decrease. The compressive test specimens with the highest and lowest values experienced a type of Fiber Pull Out fracture.
ANALISIS MODIFIKASI SHELL-AND-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PT. ANDALAN FURNINDO
Authors: Maulana Antan Noraidi , Muttaqin Katiko Imamul , Riyadi Ahmad , Khoiri M.
Published: December 2023

Heat exchanger pada proses pengolahan air limbah PT. Andalan Furnindo sering bermasalah. Oleh sebab itu, penulis mencoba untuk memodifikasi desain heat exchanger pada bagian tube, baffle, dan estimasi pressure drop agar mendapat performa yang lebih bagus. Proses pengolahan data dimulai dari memodifikasi dimensi diameter shell, diameter tube, panjang shell, panjang tube, jumlah baffles, jumlah tube dan jenis path aliran fluida. Menghubungkan  korelasi antara parameter dengan modifikasi dimensi yang telah dilakukan agar hasil akhir berupa nilai koefisien perpindahan panas dan pressure drop sesuai yang diinginkan. Hasil perhitungan perancangan dengan  Dsid =1 m; di = 0,02 m; do = 0,025 m; panjang shell dan tube=4,6 m; B=5; Nt=1176 dan path aliran U adalah menghasilkan Uc=683  dan Uf=569 ; =1691,3 Pa; dan =1276,6 Pa. Dengan memodifikasi diameter tube dan shell yang lebih besar dari setelan pabriknya dapat memudahkan proses perawatan unit dalam hal membersihkan kotoran dalam tube maupun dalam shell. Sehingga performanya stabil, umur pemakaian unit lebih lama, dan waktu perawatan selanjutnya terjadwal dengan baik. Heat exchanger in the waste water treatment process of PT. Andalan Furnindo is frequently in trouble. Therefore, the authors try to modify the heat exchanger design on the tube, baffle, and estimated pressure drop in order to get better performance. The data processing starts from modifying the dimensions of shell diameter, tube diameter, shell length, tube length, number of baffles, number of tubes and type of fluid flow path. Linking the correlation between parameters with dimensional modifications that have been done so that the final result is the value of the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop as desired. The results of design calculations with Dsid =1 m; di = 0,02 m; do = 0,025 m; length of shell and tube = 4.6 m; B=5; Nt=1176 and the flow path U is to produce Uc=683  dan Uf=569 ; =1691,3 Pa; dan =1276,6 Pa. By modifying the tube and shell diameter which is larger than the factory setting, it can facilitate the unit maintenance process in terms of cleaning dirt in the tube and in the shell. So that the performance is stable, the service life of the unit is longer, and the next maintenance time is properly scheduled.
Development of Virtual Mentor-Based Chembo Learning Media to Improve The Learning Outcomes of Science Education Students
Authors: Uliyandari Mellyta , Nirwana Nirwana , Sutarno Sutarno , Sutarno Sutarno
Published: December 2023

This study aims to develop Chembo (Chemical Bond) learning media based on Virtual Mentors to improve student learning outcomes in Science Education on Chemical Bonds. The research method used is research and development with 4D (four-D) design, namely definition, design, development, and deployment. The instruments used in this research were questionnaires and pretest and posttest questions. The results of the study show that the results of material validation by material experts are at number 72 which is in the "Very Eligible" category, while the validation results by media experts are 55, which is in the "Very Eligible" category. The results of students' assessment of the feasibility of learning media were in the "Very feasible" category with a conversion score of 33.82. Data on the results of student responses to chembo learning media get a value of 246.5 which, if converted, will get a value of 4.24 in the "strongly agree" category. Student learning outcomes after using Chembo learning media also experienced an increase seen from the comparison between students' pretest and posttest scores. The average score of students' pretest before using Chembo media was 48.97, while the average posttest score of students after using Chembo media was 80.86. The students' pretest and posttest gain test results scored 0.62 in the "Medium" category. Based on the study's results, it can be concluded that chembo learning media is very feasible to use in supporting the learning process and can improve student learning outcomes, especially in chemical bonding material.
Development of Learning Video to Introduce Panting Musical Instrument in Bina Desa Program Anjir Pasar Kota II
Authors: Rizki Ahmad Naufal , Ratumbuysang Monry Fraick Nicky Gillian , Utama Agus Hadi , Mansur Hamsi
Published: December 2023

The development of a Panting Music learning video in the MBKM Bina Desa Independent Program of FKIP ULM 2022 in Anjir Pasar Kota II Village aims to produce a product in the form of a Panting Music instrument introduction video learning media and describe the feasibility of the developed learning video. The 4D development model includes the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate phases. The researcher employed data collection techniques for this development, including structured observations, unstructured interviews with the village chief, questionnaires systematically distributed to the experts and participants, and documentation in photos to complement the research data. Data analysis was conducted quantitatively and descriptively. The developed media went through stages of validation, with the language validated by a language expert with a "Very Feasible" assessment category at a 95% rating, media validation by a media expert with a "Feasible" assessment category at an 85% rating, and content validation by a subject matter expert with a "Feasible" assessment category at an 80% rating. The next phase involved testing the media with students, resulting in a "Very Feasible" student responses category at a 92% rating, indicating that students could recognize and learn to play the Panting Music instrument.
Konstruksi Aswaja An-Nahdliyah dalam Penguatan Kode Etik Akuntan
Authors: Prabowo Muhammad Aras , Umam Fuadul , Hidayani Hidayani , Sugama Alviansyah , Ummah Rochmatul , Rahmat Rahmat
Published: December 2023

The research aims to construct Aswaja An-Nahdliyah in the accountant's code of ethics to strengthen the ethics of the accounting profession. Using a literature review method, the analysis is enriched by sharing review literature sources according to the research topic. Researchers constructed an accountant's code of ethics that builds on the three pillars of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah: religious understanding, Manhajul fikr and Manhajul harakah. The results of the construction of the Aswaja An-Nahdliyah code of ethics are: as-shidqu, al-amanah wal wafa bil'ahd, al'ada, at-ta'awun and istiqomah and have characteristics based on spiritualism, nationalism and culture. The implementation of the Aswaja An-Nahdliyah accountant's code of ethics will give birth to Aswaja accountants, namely accountants who carry out their professional responsibilities on Islamic, Indonesian, cultural values and the accountant's code of ethics along with the rules that apply in the profession.
Preexposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Spanish-Speaking Transgender Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial in North and South Carolina, 2019–2022
Authors: Rhodes Scott D. , Alonzo Jorge , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Aviles Lucero Refugio , Tanner Amanda E. , Galindo Carla A. , Bessler Patricia A. , Courtenay-Quirk Cari , Garcia Manuel , Sucaldito Ana D. , Smart Benjamin D. , Goldenberg Tamar , Reboussin Beth A.
Published: December 2023

Objectives. To evaluate Chicas Creando Acceso a la Salud (Girls Creating Access to Health; ChiCAS), a Spanish-language, small-group intervention designed to increase preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, consistent condom use, and medically supervised gender-affirming hormone therapy use among Spanish-speaking transgender Latinas who have sex with men.

Methods. Participants were 144 HIV-negative Spanish-speaking transgender Latinas, aged 18 to 59 years, living in North and South Carolina. From July 2019 to July 2021, we screened, recruited, and randomized them to the 2-session ChiCAS intervention or the delayed-intervention waitlist control. Participants completed assessments at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Follow-up retention was 94.4%.

Results. At follow-up, relative to control participants, ChiCAS participants reported increased PrEP use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.57, 13.7; P < .006). However, ChiCAS participants did not report increased use of condoms or medically supervised gender-affirming hormone therapy. ChiCAS participants reported increases in knowledge of HIV (P < .001), sexually transmitted infections (P < .001), and gender-affirming hormone therapy (P = .01); PrEP awareness (P < .001), knowledge (P < .001), and readiness (P < .001); condom use skills (P < .001); and community attachment (P < .001).

Conclusions. The ChiCAS intervention was efficacious in increasing PrEP use among Spanish-speaking, transgender Latinas in this trial. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(1):68–78. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307444 )
Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care by Sexual Orientation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: United States, January 2021–February 2022
Authors: Nguyen Kevin H. , Levengood Timothy W. , Allen Heidi L. , Gonzales Gilbert
Published: December 2023

Objectives. To compare health insurance coverage and access to care by sex and sexual minority status during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess whether lack of insurance hindered access to care by sexual minority status.

Methods. Using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (January 2021–February 2022), we examined differences by sex and sexual orientation among 158 722 adults aged 18 to 64 years living in 34 states. Outcomes were health insurance coverage type and 3 access to care measures.

Results. Sexual minority women were significantly more likely to be uninsured than were heterosexual women, and lack of insurance widened the magnitude of disparity by sexual minority status in all measures of access. Compared with heterosexual men with health insurance, sexual minority men with health insurance were significantly more likely to report being unable to afford necessary care.

Conclusions. During the pandemic, 1 in 8 sexual minority adults living in 34 study states were uninsured. Among sexual minority women, lack of insurance widened inequities in access to care. There were inequities among sexual minority men with health insurance.

Public Health Implications. Sexual minority adults may be disproportionately affected by the unwinding of the COVID-19 public health emergency and may require tailored efforts to mitigate insurance coverage loss. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(1):118–128. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307446 )
Retention of Community Health Workers in the Public Health Workforce: Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey, 2017 and 2021
Authors: Kirkland Chelsey , Dill Janette S. , Karnik Harshada
Published: December 2023

Objectives. To investigate the organizational factors contributing to the intent of community health workers (CHWs) to quit their jobs in local and state health departments in the United States.

Methods. We used the 2017 (n = 844) and 2021 (n = 1014) Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey data sets to predict CHWs’ intent to leave with Stata 17 balanced repeated replication survey estimations.

Results. CHWs dissatisfied with organizational support, pay, or job security had high probabilities of reporting an intent to leave (50%, P < .01; 39%, P < .01; and 42%, P < .01, respectively) relative to satisfied or neutral workers (24%, P < .01; 21%, P < .01; and 26%, P < .01, respectively).

Conclusions. Improving organizational support, pay satisfaction, and job security satisfaction in public health agencies can significantly improve CHW retention, potentially lowering overall organizational costs, enhancing organizational morale, and promoting community health.

Public Health Implications. Our findings shed light on actionable ways to improve CHW retention, including assessing training needs; prioritizing diversity, equity, and inclusion; and improving communication between management and workers. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(1):44–47. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307462 )
Evolutionary paths that link orthogonal pairs of binding proteins
Authors: Avizemer Ziv , Martí‐Gómez Carlos , Hoch Shlomo Yakir , McCandlish David M. , Fleishman Sarel J.
Published: December 2023

Some protein binding pairs exhibit extreme specificities that functionally insulate them from homologs. Such pairs evolve mostly by accumulating single-point mutations, and mutants are selected if their affinity exceeds the threshold required for function1–4. Thus, homologous and high-specificity binding pairs bring to light an evolutionary conundrum: how does a new specificity evolve while maintaining the required affinity in each intermediate5,6? Until now, a fully functional single-mutation path that connects two orthogonal pairs has only been described where the pairs were mutationally close, thus enabling experimental enumeration of all intermediates2. We present an atomistic and graph-theoretical framework for discovering low molecular strain single-mutation paths that connect two extant pairs, enabling enumeration beyond experimental capability. We apply it to two orthogonal bacterial colicin endonuclease-immunity pairs separated by 17 interface mutations7. We were not able to find a strain-free and functional path in the sequence space defined by the two extant pairs. But including mutations that bridge amino acids that cannot be exchanged through single-nucleotide mutations led us to a strain-free 19-mutation trajectory that is completely viable in vivo. Our experiments show that the specificity switch is remarkably abrupt, resulting from only one radical mutation on each partner. Furthermore, each of the critical specificity-switch mutations increases fitness, demonstrating that functional divergence could be driven by positive Darwinian selection. These results reveal how even radical functional changes in an epistatic fitness landscape may evolve.
Building footprint data for countries in Africa: to what extent are existing data products comparable?
Authors: Chamberlain Heather R , Darin Edith , Adewole Ademola , Jochem Warren Christopher , Lazar Attila N , Tatem Andrew J
Published: December 2023

Growth and developments in computing power, machine-learning algorithms and satellite imagery spatiotemporal resolution have led to rapid developments in automated feature-extraction. These methods have been applied to create geospatial datasets of features such as roads, trees and building footprints, at a range of spatial scales, with national and multi-country datasets now available as open data from multiple sources. Building footprint data is particularly useful in a range of applications including mapping population distributions, planning resource distribution campaigns and in humanitarian response. In settings with well-developed geospatial data systems, such datasets may complement existing authoritative sources, but in data-scarce settings, they may be the only source of data. However, knowledge on the degree to which building footprint data products are comparable and can be used interchangeably, and the impact of selecting a particular dataset on subsequent analyses remains limited. For all countries in Africa, we review the available multi-country building footprint data products and analyse their similarities and differences in terms of building area and count metrics. We explore the variation between building footprint data products across a range of spatial scales, including sub-national administrative units and different settlement types. Our results show that the available building footprint data products are not interchangeable. There are clear differences in counts and total area of building footprints between the assessed data products, as well as considerable spatial heterogeneity in building footprint coverage and completeness.
The cryo-harness technology for the Athena X-IFU detection chain
Authors: Geoffray H. , Adams J. , Fossecave H. , Cucchetti E. , Bellouard E. , Peille P. , Daniel C. , Maisonnave O. , Guilhem E. , Jolly A. , Maussang I. , Jackon B. , Bandler S. , Doriese B. , Durkin M. , Kuur J. , Leeuwen B.-J. , Kiviranta M. , Prêle D. , Ravera L. , Parot Y.
Published: December 2023

CNES (French Space Agency) is in charge of the development of the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) instrument for Athena, the high resolution X-ray spectrometer of the ESA Athena X-ray Observatory. X-IFU will deliver spectra from 0.2 to 12 keV with a spectral resolution in the range of 2.5 eV up to 7 keV on a 5" pixels, with a field of view > 4' equivalent diameter. The main sensor array detection chain is a key part of the instrument, being by far the main contributor to its performance. It involves major partner: NASA GFSC, SRON, VTT, APC, and IRAP. The cryo-harness interconnecting the Focal Plane Assembly (FPA) cold interface to the Warm Front End Electronics (WFEE) is under CNES responsibility. The different technical solutions are the loom technology and the shielded twisted pair technology. Electrical characterizations have been performed on breadboards to assess the crosstalk performances for each solution. The results of these analysis are a driver to perform the trade-off between the cryo-harness technologies.
Production of recombinant chimeric protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors and assessment of its immunogenicity in mice
Authors: Aminnezhad Sargol , Abdi-Alia Ahya , Ghazanfari Tooba , Bandehpour Mojgan , Azarakhsh Yousef
Published: December 2023

Escalating mortality rates attributed to drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the substantial complications arising from its infections present a global health crisis. Consequently, the need for innovative therapeutic approaches, notably immunogenic vaccines, has become imperative. Despite extensive research, it is still uncertain whether Pseudomonas aeruginosa immunization can effectively protect against acute and chronic infections. Additionally, the immune response triggered by this immunization is not strong enough against these bacteria. This study aims to devise a chimeric vaccine encompassing key virulence factors of P. aeruginosa that play roles in distinct infection phases. Moreover, these factors possess the capacity to interact with immune receptors, thereby enhancing innate and acquired immune reactions against this bacterium. In this investigation, an in-depth analysis of the P. aeruginosa profile informs the design of the antigenic chimeric structure named PAV3. This construct incorporates lectin, HIV TAT peptide, the N-terminal fragment of exotoxin A, and the Epi8 outer membrane protein F (OprF). Employing an immunoinformatic approach, B cell epitopes, HTL epitopes, CTL epitopes, and IFN-γ are predicted. The PAV3 construct is then expressed in E. coli strain BL21 and purified using affinity chromatography. Immunogenicity assessment of PAV3 entails measuring total IgG, IgG2a, and IgG1, along with specific cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4) associated with Th1 and Th2 responses, respectively, in vaccinated BALB/c mice. Vaccination with the chimeric vaccine in BALB/c mice triggers a robust Th1 response characterized by elevated production of IgG2a and IFN-γ. This bodes well for inducing potent humoral and cellular immune responses, affording heightened protection. However, the introduction of alum adjuvant alongside PAV3 redirects the immune response toward Th2, leading to reduced protection against internal P. aeruginosa challenges compared to PAV3 alone. In summation, the designed vaccine elicits innate, humoral, and cellular immune responses, offering a promising strategy to manage host-P. aeruginosa interactions and surmount challenges associated with P. aeruginosa vaccination.
BE-WEL Trial (Breast: Evaluation of Weight and Exercise for Lymphoedema) Testing weight control and exercise programmes for women with breast cancer related lymphoedema: a feasibility trial
Authors: Harvie Michelle , Livingstone Karen , Pegington Mary , Lombardelli Cheryl , McMullan Debbie , Farragher Maggie , Barrett Emma , Adams Judiith , Bundred Nigel
Published: December 2023

Purpose
A combined body weight loss and upper body / arm exercise programme is a potential effective management for Breast cancer related lymphoedema (BCRL), but there is limited data on its efficacy, or the best way it could be delivered.
Methods
Fifty–seven women with overweight/obesity and BCRL were randomised to a supervised (n = 12) or home-based combined weight loss and upper body/arm exercise programme (n = 16), a home-based upper-body arm exercise only programme (n = 17) or standard care (n = 12).
Results
Sixteen percent of women invited joined the study. Reductions in weight occurred in the supervised and home-based weight control and exercise programmes; Mean (95% CI) change compared to standard care -1.68 (-4.36 to -1.00), -2.47(-4.99 to -0.04)Kg. Reductions in perometer assessed BCRL were seen in the supervised and home-based combined weight control and arm exercise groups and the weight stable home-based arm exercise only group: Mean (95% CI) change compared to standard care -96(-185 to -6), -61(-144 to +22), -77 (-159 to + 4)ml. There was no correlation between changes in the perometer and the bio impedance electrical analysis (BEA) measurements R=0.068 (P=0.49).
Conclusion
Supervised and home-based weight control and exercise programmes led to modest changes in weight and reductions in BCRL which were comparable to a weight stable group undertaking arm exercise only. Bioelectrical impedance does not appear to be a good measure of changes in BCRL with weight loss and upper body resistance exercise.
Anticancer Effects of Washed-Dehydrated Solar Salt Doenjang and its Metabolites
Authors: Lee So-Young , Hong Geun-Hye , Park Kun-Young
Published: December 2023

In this study, the anticancer effect of doenjang according to the type of salt was investigated. Three samples were prepared: doenjang made with purified salt (PSD), doenjang made with generally manufactured solar salt (GSD), and doenjang made with washed and dehydrated solar salt (WDSD). In mice in which colon cancer was induced with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), doenjang made with solar salt, especially doenjang made with washed and dehydrated solar salt, was found to have a much higher colon cancer inhibition effect. WDSD significantly promoted the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related factors such as Bcl-2–associated X protein (Bax) and caspase 9 and the cell cycle arrest-related factors p53 and p21, and conversely significantly reduced the mRNA expression of apoptosis inhibitors such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) (p < 0.05). Additionally, metabolites were investigated to determine which substances in WDSD exhibit this anticancer effect. As a result, the contents of isoflavone and soyasaponin B in the form of aglycons such as genistein, daidzein, and glycitein, which are known to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties, were found to be significantly high. Therefore, the results confirmed that doenjang prepared with washed and dehydrated solar salt has superior anticancer potential against colon cancer, and that various active ingredients contribute to the improvement of this functionality.
Artificial intelligence-based morphometric signature to identify ductal carcinoma in situ with low risk of progression to invasive breast cancer
Authors: Sobral-Leite Marcelo , Castillo Simon , Vonk Shiva , Melillo Xenia , Lam Noomie , de Bruijn Brandi , Hagos Yeman , Sanders Joyce , Almekinders Mathilde , Visser Lindy , Groen Emma , Kristel Petra , Ercan Caner , Azarang Leyla , Yuan Yinyin , Consortium Grand Challenge PRECISION , Menezes Renee , Lips Esther , Wesseling Jelle
Published: December 2023

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may progress to ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (iIBC), but often never will. Because DCIS is treated as early breast cancer, many women with harmless DCIS face overtreatment. To identify these women that may forego treatment, we hypothesized that DCIS morphometric features relate to the risk of subsequent iIBC. We developed an artificial intelligence-based DCIS morphometric analysis pipeline (AIDmap) to detect DCIS as a pathologist and measure morphological structures in hematoxylin-eosin-stained (H&E) tissue sections. These were from a case-control study of patients diagnosed with primary DCIS, treated by breast-conserving surgery without radiotherapy. We analyzed 689 WSIs of DCIS of which 226 were diagnosed with subsequent iIBC (cases) and 463 were not (controls). The distribution of 15 duct morphological measurements in each H&E was summarized in 55 morphometric variables. A ridge regression classifier with cross validation predicted 5-years-free of iIBC with an area-under the curve of 0.65 (95% CI 0.55–0.76). A morphometric signature based on the 30 variables most associated with outcome, identified lesions containing small-sized ducts, low number of cells and low DCIS/stroma area ratio. This signature was associated with lower iIBC risk in a multivariate regression model including grade, ER, HER2 and COX-2 expression (HR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.28–0.78). AIDmap has potential to identify harmless DCIS that may not need treatment.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of non-thyroidal illness syndrome with non-critically ill patients in rehabilitation specialist hospital
Authors: Wang Lunshan , Li Yinjun , Liu Wanzong , Shi Zhinong
Published: December 2023

Backgroud To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Non-thyroid illness syndrome(NTIS) patients in specialized rehabilitation hospital. Methods 6 799 patients admitted to our institution between January 2019 and May 2022, and analyzed retrospectively. There were 2,702 patients with NTIS and 2,207 patients with euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS). Plasma thyroid hormone was detected using chemiluminescence instrument and its associated reagents, and SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results the incidence of NTIS was 39.7% in rehabilitation specialized hospital, and the total length of hospitalization for patients with NTIS was substantially longer than for patients without NTIS. The incidence rates of unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and drinking, and diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, were substantially higher in the NTIS group than in the non-NTIS group. Only BNP, APTT, and TT did not differ significantly between the two groups, all others laboratory results demonstrated statistically significant differences. Comparison of thyroid function between the two groups showed that fT3, TT4, and TSH values with the NTIS group were lower than the wtihout NTIS group, while fT4 and TT3 showed opposite results In NTIS patients, the pattern of only fT3 decreaseingwas 71.8%, followed by fT3 and fT4 simultaneously decreasing was 25.7%. Correlation analysis showed that fT3 positively correlated with TT4 was 0.811, while fT3 negatively correlated with fT4 and TT3 was − 0.703 and − 0.647, respectively, and without any correlation with TSH. PCT, WBC, hs-CRP, N/L%, and fT3 had negative correlations of -0.48, -0.46, -0.39, and − 0.35, respectively. Conclusion The incidence of NTIS patients in rehabilitation specialized hospitals is high. These patients have a lengthy hospitalization period, a state of high inflammation, impaired liver and renal function, coagulation disorders, and fibrinolytic activation.