bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antecedents of flow and the flow-performance relationship in cricket
Authors: Koehn Stefan , Donald Benjamin , Paramei Galina
Published: July 2018

The present study aspires to elaborate on the conceptual framework of flow by further elucidating integration and conceptualization of a relationship between flow and objective and subjective measures of performance. The aims of the study were twofold: (1) to examine the relationship between flow and its key correlates, anxiety, motivation, and perceived ability; (2) to assess whether the relationship between these measures and performance is direct or mediated. Participant sample included a group of cricketers with varying performance level (n = 40) and a group of 20 non-cricket team athletes; all were between 18 and 35 years of age. Their performance was assessed objectively by batting average, along with administering the Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS), Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS), Sport Motivation Scale (SMS), and Perceived Sport Ability (PSA) questionnaires. Results show that the three flow correlates accounted for 77% of dispositional flow variance; individual correlates varied, however, in their predicting power, anxiety: 0%; motivation: 1%; perceived ability: 57%. In addition, total flow and flow correlates accounted for a total of 54% of variance in performance, whereas unique variance of 8% was accounted for by anxiety and perceived ability, each. Notably, flow and two correlates, anxiety and perceived ability, were found to have a direct impact on performance; in contrast, a weak partial mediation of flow was found between motivation and performance. Based on the findings on the flow-performance relationship, expansion of the flow theory is suggested; benefits for advancing intervention research in sport psychology are discussed.
Implementasi metode Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique untuk penentuan prioritas rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pascabencana alam
Authors: Cholil Saifur Rohman , Pinem Agusta Praba Ristadi , Vydia Vensy
Published: July 2018

Penanganan bencana alam di Indonesia menjadi hal yang sangat penting untuk segera dilakukan dalam menentukan prioritas rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi wilayah pascabencana alam. Penentuan prioritas rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pascabencana alam dilakukan dengan pendekatan metodologi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) untuk membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Metode Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) akan diterapkan untuk menentukan prioritas wilayah pada rencana aksi rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pascabencana alam karena kesederhanaannya pada proses perhitungan dalam pemilihan alternatif yang telah dirumuskan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan SPK dengan mengimplementasikan metode SMART untuk menentukan prioritas rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi wilayah pascabencana, sehingga proses penanggulangan bencana akan tepat sasaran dan sesuai dengan peraturan penanggulangan bencana alam. Proses validasi pada penelitian ini adalah dengan membandingkan hasil metode dengan data fakta atau data kejadian (data histori). Koefisien Korelasi Rank Spearman yang diperoleh yaitu 0,95. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa, metode SMART bisa digunakan untuk menentukan prioritas rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pascabencana alam.The handling of natural disasters in Indonesia becomes a very important thing to be done in determining the priority of rehabilitation and reconstruction of post-disaster natural areas. The prioritization of post-disaster natural rehabilitation and reconstruction is done by methodology of Decision Support System (DSS) to help solve problems in decision making process. The Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method will be applied to determine the priority of the region in the post-disaster natural rehabilitation and reconstruction action plan because of its simplicity in the calculation process in the alternative selection that has been formulated. The purpose of this research is to produce SPK by implementing SMART method to determine priority of rehabilitation and reconstruction of post disaster area, so that disaster management process will be appropriate target and in accordance with natural disaster management regulation. The validation process in this research is by comparing the method result with fact data or event data (historical data). Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient obtained is 0.95. This indicates that the SMART method can be used to determine priorities for post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan dalam Menjalani Terapi pada Pasien Osteoartritis di Wilayah Pedesaan
Authors: Tanoto Wahyu
Published: July 2018

Osteoartritis merupakan jenis radang sendi atau osteoartritis pada orang dewasa. Keberhasilan terapi pada ostoartritis salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalani program terapi yang telah disarankan oleh petugas kesehatan. Indonesia sebagai negara dengan daerah pegunungan memiliki ciri khas masyarakat dengan beban kerja berat yang merupakan risiko terjadinya osteoartritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kepatuhan dalam menjalani terapi pada pasien osteoartritis diwilayah pegunungan. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, desain dalam penelitian ini adalah tipe analitik deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan non probability sampling yaitu consecutive sam- pling sesuai kriteria penelitian inklusi dan melibatkan 71 responden, dan alat pengumpulan data menggu- nakan pengetahuan, motivasi, dukungan keluarga, akses pelayanan kesehatan, dan tingkat pengetahuan responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang memiliki hubungan dengan kepatuhan pasien untuk menjalani program terapi adalah tingkat pendidikan (p = 0.043) dan dukungan keluarga (p = 0.001). Faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan kepatuhan adalah dukungan keluarga dengan nilai (OR = 11.407). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat mengevaluasi pelayanan keperawatan serta bahan masukan untuk perencanaan strategi meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalani terapi.
PENGARUH JUICE BELIMBING MANIS ( Averrhoa Carambola Linn ) TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI DESA LEMAH PUTIH KEC. BRATI KAB. GROBOGAN
Authors: Cholifah Noor , Suyatno Suyatno , Hartinah Dewi
Published: July 2018

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg in two measurements with an interval of five minutes in moderate rest. Hypertensive disease can attack at any age, including the elderly. The sweet carambola (Averrhoa Carambola linn) is one of the traditional antihypertensive drugs, because it contains high potassium which is useful as a diuretic, maintaining the stability of the body electrolyte through the sodium potassium pump, reducing the amount of water and salt in the body and loosening the blood vessels, this condition helps the pressure drop blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving sweet starfruit juice to blood pressure in the elderly in the village of Lemah Putih Kec. Brati Kab. Grobogan. This research design is quasi experiment design with the randomized pre-test post-test control group design. The sample size is 30 respondents. The results showed that based on statistic t dependent test showed p value of intervention group at blood pressure of systole sebebsar 0.03, and diastole was 0.014 (p <0,05) hence Ho was rejected which mean in intervention group there was influence of sweet starfruit juice to elderly blood pressure with hypertension. While p value of control group at systole blood pressure was 0.786, and diastole was 0.953 (p> 0,05) so Ho was received which mean in the control group there was no effect of star fruit juice to blood pressure lansia with hypertension.
An acute complicated pancreatitis: principles of surgical tactics, using miniinvasive technologies and standard operations
Authors: Andriushchenko V. P. , Girniak O. T. , Andriushchenko D. V.
Published: July 2018

Objective. To elaborate a surgical tactics for patients, suffering  an acute complicated pancreatitis (ACP), using miniinvasive technologies (МІТ) and standard surgical interventions.
Маterials and methods. There were operated 170 patients, suffering ACP. In the main group (109 patients) a МІТ was applied, and in a comparative one (61 patients) the standard operations were used.
Results. МІТ as the «definite» were applied in 62 (57%), «staged» - in 16 (15%) and «the patient’s state stabilizing» - in 12 (11%) patients. The part of operative interventions in the main group have constituted 26%, and in a comparative one - 12% (χ2=4.002; р=0.04). Primary laparotomic operations were performed in 41 (67%) patients of a comparative group and 19 (17%) patients of the main group (χ2=40.291; р<0.0001). Standard operations, mainly consisted of necrosequestrectomies (NSE) with the closed drainage in accordance to Berger procedure were performed in 26 (55%) patients of the main and in15 (31%) patients of comparative group (χ2=5.018; р=0.02). The NSE quantity with further staged sanations, which were conducted in patients, suffering extended purulent-necrotic affections, was comparable in both groups: 11 (23%) - in the main and 13 (26%) - in a comparative group (χ2=0.0013; р > 0.05).
Conclusion. Application of elaborated tactics of surgical treatment of an ACP with a separate or combined application of МІТ and standard operations was accompanied by reduction of postoperative complications rate from 13.1 tо 8.3% and lethality - from 14.8 tо 9.2%.
Аnalysis of dynamics of clinical changes in cicatricially-changed tissues after surgical treatment of branchiogenic cysts in chronological aspect
Authors: Hryhorov S. M. , Krynychko L. R. , Stavytskyi S. O. , Boiko I. V. , Trufanova V. P.
Published: July 2018

Objective. Studying of processes of the cicatrices development after surgical treatment of the neck cysts of embryonal origin in chronological aspect.
Маterials and methods. Experience of surgical treatment of 60 patients, suffering branchiogenic cysts, was analyzed. Retrospective analysis of the treatment results, including those performed in accordance to own elaborated procedures, was conducted.
Results. Clinical changes in cicatricially-changed tissues  depends upon the kind of intra- and postoperative prophylaxis of the cutaneous pathological cicatrices in surgical treatment of the neck cysts of embryological origin. Intraoperative application of the fibrin clot, enhanced by thrombocytes (PRF - clot), аnd postoperatively - of biocerrulin preparation, promotes a mostly expressed lowering  of the course intensity for the free-radical oxidation in cicatricially-changed tissues of postoperative wound and prognosis for the pathological cutaneous cicatrices development, comparing with solely application of PRF-clot, аnd with operative intervention in accordance to classical method as well.  
Conclusion. Application of PRF-clot and biocerullin preparation improves significantly the  healing processes in postoperative wound after surgical treatment of the neck cysts of embryonal origin, and this lead to lowering of possibility for development of pathological cutaneous cicatrices.
Causes of origin and diagnosis of postpunctural false aneurisms of femoral arteries
Authors: Lyakhovskyi V. І. , Sydorenko А. V. , Sakevych R. P. , Bezkorovaynyу О. М. , Rіabushko R. М. , Voroshуlova Т. А.
Published: July 2018

Objective. To estimate the causes of occurrence and quality of diagnosis of false aneurisms (FA) of femoral arteries after endovascular interventions.
Маterials and methods. In Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital named after М. V. Sklifosovskyi in 2008 - 2017 yrs in 7237 patients 10 783 punctures of femoral arteries were performed for conduction of the diagnosis and treatment interventions in cardiological patients (Group I) and in patients, suffering occlusion-stenotic diseases of main arteries of the lower extremities (Group II). In 57 (0.79%) patients the FA of femoral arteries were revealed. All the patients were examined, using ultrasonographic color angioscanning (USCAS). Встановлені причини виникнення ХА та особливості їх діагностики.
Results. FA of femoral artery was revealed on the (2.65 ± 2.31) day after the introducer extraction at average. Characteristic complaints had 45 (78.9%) patients. Using USCAS there were revealed the puncture site, the aneurism form, its spread and volume. Local and general factors, promoting development of postpunctural FA, were revealed.
Conclusion. For the FA development prophylaxis it is mandatory to perform a femoral artery puncture under the USCAS control with a precise localization of the puncture performance site. In the patients with pronounced signs of hypertonic disease and obesity after conduction of a thrombolytic therapy it is expedient to use widely the apparatus for the hemorrhage arrest of the Angio Seal type under ultrasonographic control. On the first day after the introducer extraction it is obligatory to conduct a control USCAS procedure of a puncture site. In a case of diagnosis of transmural wounding of the artery and the aneurism formation the open-access urgent operative intervention must be performed.
Іnfusion-transfusion therapy and inotropic support in patients with sepsis
Authors: Shapoval S. D. , Gritsenko S. M. , Tribushnyi O. V. , Savon I. L.
Published: July 2018

Objective. Conduction of retrospective and prospective analysis of the final results of treatment in patients, suffering sepsis on background of complicated diabetic foot syndrome (DFS).
Маterials and methods. The results of treatment of 938 patients, suffering complicated DFS, were investigated retrospectively. In 92 (9.8%) patients the disease was complicated by sepsis. All the patients were divided into two Groups: Group I - 724 (77.2%) patients, suffering complicated DFS and sepsis, who were treated in accordance to decision of The Cosensus Conference; Group II - 214 (22.8%) patients, who were treated in 2016 - 2018 yrs in accordance to Guidelines «Sepsis-3».
Results. Comparative analysis of the treatment results has been shown, that administration of intensive therapy and inotropic support in accordance to Guidelines «Sepsis-3» gives possibility to stabilize the patients’ state and to prepare them for operative intervention.
Conclusion. Results of diagnosis of sepsis in accordance to new bed-side clinical index quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) and performance of Guidelines «Sepsis-3» in the intensive therapy conduction are hopeful, but the need for further detailed analysis of clinical data is present.
Open-access and endoscopic methods of treatment of closed abdominal trauma on background of cranio-cerebral trauma of the middle degree of severity and severe
Authors: Kutovyi O. B. , Chaika V. O. , Kysilevskyi D. O.
Published: July 2018

Objective. To estimate the treatment efficacy of videolaparoscopy (VLS) in a closed abdominal trauma (CAT) on background of cerebral injury of middle and severe degree.
Маterials and methods. The experience of treatment of 52 injured persons, suffering CAT on background of cranio-cerebral trauma (CCT) of the middle severity and severe, was analyzed. With the objective to compare the efficacy of various treatment methods for consequences of injuries of abdominal organs all the patients were divided into two Groups: Group I - the patients, in whom VLS interventions were applied, and Group II - the patients, in whom laparotomy was used.
Results. There was established, that application of carboxyperitoneum in VLS did not influenced negatively a state of the patients’ consciousness (its step-by-step restoration, beginning from the first day were observed in both groups); reduced the level of polyorgan insufficiency, estimated in accordance to the polyorgan dysfunction scale, іntraabdominal hypertension and have promoted more rapid normalization of indices of the blood gas content.
Conclusion. Application of videolaparoscopy permits effective delivering of help to the injured persons, suffering abdominal trauma, coexistent with the brain damage of the middle severity degree and severe, as well as lowering of lethality in 2.2 times.
Application of blockade of the rectal abdominal muscle vagina for a «salvage» anesthesia after median laparotomy in patients with obesity
Authors: Vorotyntsev S. І. , Sofilkanych М. М. , Zakharchuk О. V.
Published: July 2018

Objective. To estimate the analgetic efficacy and possibility of application of bilateral dual blockade of a rectal abdominal muscle vagina (RSB) as a «salvage» anesthesia after laparotomic operations in patients with obesity.
Маterials and methods. In 16 patients with obesity the complexity of performance, аnalgetic efficacy and possibility of the RSB application as a «salvage» method of anesthesia after laparotomic operations were estimated.
Results. There was established, that, using ultrasonographic support, it is simple to perform RSB in 75% patients, the procedure lasts 5 - 10 min, with general success rate of anesthesia - 94%, аdequate analgesia occurs in - (3 ± 1.5) min after a blockade conclusion. Postoperative application of RSB reduces the need in opioids in 2 times, and in 4 times - the іncidence of nausea and regurgitation (p < 0.05), promotes activation of patients already on the first day end (p < 0.05), guaranteeing analgetic comfort on level «excellent» or «good» in 100% of the patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. RSB constitutes a purposeful component of multimodal analgesia after performance of median laparotomy in patients with obesity, which prevents excessive administration of opioids, reduces quantity of adverse events and enhances the anesthesia quality, which was assessed by 100% of the patients as «excellent» or «good».
Investigation of hematological indices in experimental peritonitis
Authors: Savytskyi I. V. , Tshipoviaz S. V. , Belash О. V. , Vastyanov R. S. , Znamerovskyi S. G. , Lenik R. G. , Grigorev P. Е. , Miastkivskaya I. V.
Published: July 2018

Objective. To investigate hematological indices on the first, third and seventh day of the experimental peritonitis development.
Маterials and methods. The investigation was conducted on 180 Wistar line rats with a body mass 180 - 200 g. The animals were divided into four Groups: Group I - 20 intact animals; Group II - 80 animals, in whom a biliary peritonitis was simulated without further correction; Group III - 40 animals, in whom the biliary peritonitis simulated was corrected, using abdominal cavity sanation with chlorhexidine solution and further application of standard antibioticotherapy; Group IV - 40 animals, in whom a simulated biliary peritonitis was corrected in accordance to combined scheme of detoxication.
Results. While investigation of hematological markers in animals of Group IV, to whom complex treatment was applied, a positive dynamics of indices of the erythrocytes quantity, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and ERS were observed on the third day and preserved up to the seventh day. The indices of the leucocytes quantity more significantly had normalized on the first and third days. The leucocytic index of intoxication had lowered on the third day. Most pronounced positive dynamics of the AST activity was observed on the seventh day, and of the ALT - on the third. On the first and third day of experiment the least pronounced lowering of the general protein concentration was noted, and on the seventh day - its raise. Concentration of general bilirubin maximally approached the indices of intact animals on the third day.
Conclusion. Investigation of hematological markers have proved the efficacy of our proposed method of the abdominal cavity sanation.
Inhibitory coagulopathy in urgent surgery (is it possible to prevent lethality?)
Authors: Tyshchenko A. M. , Mushenko E. V. , Kozlova T. V. , Shevchenko N. I. , Smachylo R. M.
Published: July 2018

Inhibitory coagulopathy in urgent surgery (is it possible to prevent lethality?)
Аtypical nonsecreting medullar thyroidal carcinoma
Authors: Tkachenko R. P. , Kuryk O. G. , Golovko A. S. , Denisenko A. I.
Published: July 2018

Аtypical nonsecreting medullar thyroidal carcinoma
KANDUNGAN NITRIT PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI KELURAHAN METESEH, KECAMATAN. TEMBALANG KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Prabowo Rossi , Kusuma Dewi Nur
Published: July 2018

Kualitas air dari suatu sumber air permukaan dapat dilihat atau diamati darikandungan oksigen terlarutnya (DO), kebutuhan biologi akan oksigen (BOD)dan kebutuhan kimiawi akan oksigen (COD). Jumlah penduduk yang relatiftinggi, serta kepadatan wilayah pemukiman akan menyebabkan limbahbuangan rumah tangga berupa limbah organik akan meningkat yang disertaipeningkatan kadar amonia dan hidrogen sulfida. Amonia larut di dalam air danakan membentuk senyawa amonium yang cenderung mengikat oksigen.Senyawa amonium dan oksigen akan membentuk senyawa nitrit (NO2). Nitritsangat berbahaya untuk tubuh terutama bayi di bawah umur 3 bulan, karenadapat menyebabkan methaemoglobinemia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahmengetahui kadar nitrit air sumur gali, kondisi air dan kriteria air sumur dikelurahan Meteseh, Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. Metode yangdigunakan adalah observasi langsung dan pengamatan laboratorium, kemudiandianalisis dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, penentuan sampel denganmetode purposife sampling. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa air sumur gali yang kandungan nitritnya sudah melebihi ambang bakumutu yang di syaratkan sesuai dengan UU No 82 tahun 2001, diantaranyaadalah air sumur di Perumahan Dinar Mas, air sumur gali di perumahan DinarElok dan air sumur gali di Perumahan Puri Dinar Asri.Kata kunci: air sumur , kadar nitrit
HEMATOLOGI PERBANDINGAN HEWAN VERTEBRATA: LELE (Clarias batracus), KATAK (Rana sp.), KADAL (Eutropis multifasciata), MERPATI (Columba livia) DAN MENCIT (Mus musculus)
Authors: Rousdy Diah Wulandari , Linda Riza
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTHematology studies between Vertebrate classes can provide supporting data related to animal activities and adaptation to their habitat. Low Vertebrate ektoterm showed different hemotological profil than endoderm Vertebrate. The aims of this study is to compare hematological profile between Vertebrate which includes five classes animal taxon. Animal species was taken randomly, considered to represent the five classes taxon: Clarias batracus from Class Pisces, Rana sp. from Class Amphibia, Eutropis multifasciata from Class Reptilia, Columba livia from Class Aves and Mus musculus from Class Mammalia. Hematology parameters were observed was hemoglobins, HCT, erythrocyte count, leukocyte count, leukocyte differential, MCV, MCH and MCHC. The result showed Vertebrate from Class Pisces (catfish), amphibian (frogs) and reptiles (lizards) had hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes higher than Aves and Mammals. Leucocytes count in Class Pisces, Amphibians, Reptiles and Aves range 12.000-19.000 cells/mL higher than mammal leukocyte 5000 cells/mL. Differential leukocyte in catfish, frogs, lizards, pigeons and mice have the highest percentage of lymphocytes (37-62%). Keywords: catfish, frog, hematology, lizard, mice, pigeon, vertebrate ABSTRAKStudi hematologi hewan kelas Vertebrata dapat memberikan data pendukung terkait aktivitas hewan dan adaptasi terhadap habitatnya. Hewan Vertebrata tingkat rendah yang ektoterm mempunyai profil hematologi yang berbeda dengan Vertebrata tinggi yang sebagian besar endoterm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan profil hematologi antar hewan Vertebrata yang meliputi lima kelas hewan takson. Hewan sampel diambil secara acak dari populasi hewan yang mewakili lima kelas takson: Clarias batracus dari kelas Pisces, Rana sp. dari kelas Amfibi, Eutropis multifasciata dari kelas Reptil, Columba livia dari kelas Aves dan Mus musculus dari kelas Mammalia. Parameter hematologi yang diamati adalah hemoglobin, hematokrit, jumlah eritrosit, jumlah leukosit, leukosit diferensial, MCV, MCH dan MCHC. Hasil pengukuran hematologi menunjukkan Vertebrata dari kelas Pisces (lele), Amfibi (katak) dan Reptil (kadal) memiliki hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit lebih tinggi dari pada Aves dan Mamalia. Jumlah leukosit di kelas Pisces, Amfibi, Reptil, dan Aves berkisar 12.000-19.000 sel/mL lebih tinggi dari leukosit mamalia yakni 5000 sel/mL. Pengamatan leukosit diferensial pada ikan lele, katak, kadal, merpati, dan tikus menunjukkan persentase limfosit tertinggi (37-62%) dibanding jenis leukosit lain. Kata kunci: ikan lele, katak, hematologi, kadal, mencit, merpati, vertebrata
Penerapan Metode Weighted Product (WP) Berbasis Sistem Pengambilan Keputusan Untuk Pemberian Dana Bantuan Mandiridesa Wisata Pada Dinas Perhubungan Pariwisata Kabupaten Bone Bolango
Authors: Abbas Irfan
Published: July 2018

Abstract - The Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy implemented PNPM Mandiri Tourism Sector which entered the fifth year to support Tourism development activities through Community Empowerment in the tourist village. The support Decisioned by Tourism Transport Agency was not effective to set Desa Wisata which possibel to receive the PNPM support program. Its affects to the tourism business improvement of districts bone Bolango which inhibited. The support for society Desa Wisata through PNPM Mandiri program, Must meet the criteria. Such Potential criteria lay Desa Wisata must have the uniqueness and appeal of Tourism (as a tourist attraction), either form character of physical environment rural nature and socio-cultural Community, have support and readiness have been worn supporting for tourism. For a review of the support the matter as above will designed a decision support system using method weihgted product Interest to boost business tourism in the district Bone Bolango because supported by the best result of decision support. Keywords:Decision Support Systems, Weighted Product
Hydrology-driven seasonal changes in the phytoplankton of a subtropical river (Riacho Formosa, Argentina).
Authors: Mataloni Gabriela , Burdman Luciana , Casa Valeria , Gonzalez Daniela , Masetti María Clara
Published: July 2018

The Riacho Formosa is one of many autochtonous watercourses running along the subtropical region of the Wet Chaco Plains and draining into Paraguay River. Their typical hydrological cycle is characterized by a late winter low phase and a high phase throughout the warm season. As part of a baseline characterization, the composition and structure of the phytoplankton were studied in relation to river depth, water temperature, pH, conductivity and transparency through 4 seasonal samplings between June 2015 and March 2016. A rich phytoplankton community (338 taxa) was revealed in this study. A few species of Cryptophyceae and Euglenophyceae dominated the community, especially during low waters. A cluster analysis showed that community compositions were more dissimilar over time than along the watercourse, and were spatially more homogeneous during high waters. A canonical correspondence analysis showed that environmental features significantly explained 42.6% of the total variance of species data (p= 0.004). We conclude that phytoplankton responds to hydrological changes through a high species turnover, with dominance peaks of euryhaline, shadow adapted and organic matter exploiting taxa during low waters.
First record of Thalassiosira catharinensis (Bacillariophyta) from argentinean marine coastal waters.
Authors: Lavigne Andrea S. , Sunesen Inés , Sar Eugenia A.
Published: July 2018

Several ultrastructural analyses of taxa belonging to the genus Thalassiosira from Argentinean coastal waters were carried out, nevertheless, the smaller fraction of the nanoplanktonic Thalassiosira was frequently overlooked. The aim of this study is to show the morphological variation of T. catharinensis, to compare material found in marine coastal waters of Anegada Bay, Province of Buenos Aires, with the material analyzed in the protologue and allied taxa, and to record the species for the first time in Argentina, extending its distribution.
Análisis de los silicofitolitos presentes en especies de las familias Cannabaceae, Moraceae y Urticaceae del SE bonaerense y estudio comparativo de los cistolitos
Authors: Honaine Mariana Fernández , De Rito Mara , Osterrieth Margarita
Published: July 2018

Numerosas familias producen silicofitolitos en sus tejidos, los cuales constituyen una herramienta de importancia taxonómica y paleobotánica. Una de las morfologías producidas en dicotiledóneas son los cistolitos, definidos como concreciones de carbonato de calcio con un esqueleto silíceo. Este esqueleto silíceo puede quedar preservado en suelos y sedimentos, constituyendo una morfología diagnóstica para estudios fitolíticos paleoambientales y arqueológicos. En este trabajo se analizaron silicofitolitos de seis especies de las familias Cannabaceae, Moraceae y Urticaceae, todas productoras de cistolitos. Los silicofitolitos se extrajeron mediante técnicas de calcinación; se describieron las morfologías y realizaron mediciones a los cistolitos, bajo microscopios óptico y electrónico de barrido. Se aplicaron tests estadísticos para evaluar diferencias. Todas las especies estudiadas producen silicofitolitos, reportándose las primeras descripciones en tres especies de Urticaceae y una de Moraceae. Se describieron cistolitos de variada forma, pelos y fitolitos poliédricos, y fue posible la diferenciación, al menos a nivel de familia. Celtis spp (Cannabaceae) y Morus alba L.(Moraceae) producen cistolitos diferentes a las especies de Urticaceae y presentan una protuberancia o pelo asociado, son más angostos y más cortos. Estas características, así como las variables morfométricas medidas, podrían ser utilizadas para la diferenciación de estos taxa en el registro fitolítico fósil.
Tamaño del genoma, características cariotípicas y tamaño del polen en especies argentinas de Spergula (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Brem Marta Carolina , Coulleri Juan Pablo , Volponi Carola Regina , Ferrucci María Silvia
Published: July 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar el contenido de ADN (2C) en cuatro especies de Spergula que habitan Argentina y analizar la variación del tamaño del genoma (Cx) en relación con las características cariotípicas y palinológicas. Se analizó por primera vez el contenido de ADN de cinco taxones y el tamaño del genoma de cuatro, que variaron muy poco entre las especies, desde Cx= 0,458 pg (S. salina, 4x) a Cx= 0,856 pg (S. arvensis, 2x). Se registraron dos nuevos recuentos cromosómicos para el género y el tamaño del polen varió de pequeños a medianos. Los coeficientes de regresión sugieren que el número de cromosomas varía de manera inversamente proporcional al tamaño del genoma, mientras que el tamaño del genoma presenta una baja relación con la longitud cromosómica total (LCT) del genoma diploide, aunque muestra una alta relación con respecto a la longitud cromosómica promedio (LCP). En tanto, el tamaño del polen varía independientemente con respecto al tamaño del genoma. La variación cariotípica detectada podría deberse a cambios numéricos y estructurales durante la evolución del género, mientras que el tamaño del polen podría estar relacionado con presiones de selección asociadas a estrategias de dispersión.
Hongos útiles y tóxicos según los yuyeros de La Paz y Loma Bola (Valle de Traslasierra, Córdoba, Argentina)
Authors: Flamini Marco , Suárez María Eugenia , Robledo Gerardo
Published: July 2018

La relevancia práctica y simbólica que poseen los macrohongos en las distintas culturas se aprecia en elementos del arte tradicional, la mitología o la cultura material y en la diversidad de aplicaciones que poseen; constituyen además una importante fuente de ingresos y alimento para numerosas familias a nivel mundial. En Argentina, y particularmente en Córdoba, los datos etnomicológicos disponibles son escasos y fragmentarios. Para contribuir a revertir esta situación, se realizó una investigación etnomicológica con campesinos criollos de los poblados cordobeses de La Paz y Loma Bola. Se trabajó con un enfoque cualitativo; los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas abiertas, recorridos por el entorno con recolección de material de referencia y observación participante. Se estudiaron 32 especies fúngicas, de las cuales 12 poseen algún uso práctico y 11 algún grado de toxicidad, según los entrevistados. Se describen y analizan pormenores de conocimientos y usos de especies medicinales, ornamentales, tintóreas, alimenticias y veterinarias. Los saberes vernáculos permiten a la gente discernir entre especies tóxicas y alimenticias con certeza. El análisis de los resultados indica que los hongos son relevantes para los campesinos y resaltan la necesidad e importancia de la conservación y recuperación del bosque chaqueño serrano cordobés.
Conservación de germoplasma de árboles singulares de Galicia por cultivo in vitro
Authors: Sánchez Fernández C. , Covelo P. , Aldrey A. , Vielba J. , Rico S. , Vidal N.
Published: July 2018

El cultivo in vitro es una herramienta útil para la conservación y la propagación de germoplasma valioso, como es el caso de los árboles singulares. Además de lograr la clonación de sus genotipos y permitir su conservación a medio y largo plazo, presenta otras ventajas como la disponibilidad de material vegetal en cualquier momento del año para realizar estudios fisiológicos, genéticos y epigenéticos, y para ser utilizado en eventos de divulgación científica en centros educativos, ferias de la ciencia, etc.Por otra parte, la micropropagación de ejemplares de edad avanzada, como es el caso de los árboles singulares, puede resultar difícil debido a problemas como un nº limitado de brotes disponibles para la instalación, altos niveles de microorganismos endógenos y exógenos, baja capacidad de multiplicación durante la prolongada etapa de estabilización y bajos porcentajes de formación de raíces.En este trabajo presentamos algunas actuaciones dirigidas a la instalación in vitro de ejemplares singulares de nogal, roble, alcornoque, abedul y eucalipto de Galicia, algunos de los cuales están recogidos en el “Catálogo de Árbores Senlleiras” de esta comunidad. En algunos de ellos se ha conseguido sobrepasar las fases de establecimiento y estabilización del cultivo y se están realizando ensayos de mantenimiento en frío, de enraizamiento y aclimatación en fitotrón e invernadero.
Environmental governance: A practical framework to guide design, evaluation, and analysis
Authors: Bennett Nathan , Satterfield Terre
Published: July 2018

Governance is one of the most important factors for ensuring effective environmental management and conservation actions. Yet, there is still a relative paucity of comprehensive and practicable guidance that can be used to frame the evaluation, design, and analysis of systems of environmental governance. This conceptual review and synthesis article seeks to addresses this problem through resituating the broad body of governance literature into a practical framework for environmental governance. Our framework builds on a rich history of governance scholarship to propose that environmental governance has four general aims or objectives – to be effective, to be equitable, to be responsive, and to be robust. Each of these four objectives need to be considered simultaneously across the institutional, structural, and procedural elements of environmental governance. Through a review of the literature, we developed a set of attributes for each of these objectives and relate these to the overall capacity, functioning, and performance of environmental governance. Our aim is to provide a practical and adaptable framework that can be applied to the design, evaluation, and analysis of environmental governance in different social and political contexts, to diverse environmental problems and modes of governance, and at a range of scales.
Attitudes Toward Predators and Conservancies Among Namibian Farmers
Authors: Rust Niki , Marker Laurie
Published: July 2018

Conservancies provide the opportunity for land-occupiers to manage natural resources in a collaborative, sustainable, and profitable manner. Human–wildlife conflict, however, has limited their success due to the financial loss of crops, livestock and game by certain wildlife species. Questionnaires (n = 147) were conducted in five conservancies and four resettled farms in Namibia to determine the attitudes toward predators and conservancy membership. Attitudes were significantly affected by perceived depredation and when respondents asked for help to reduce predation. Attitudes toward predators and conservancies were more positive when individuals perceived they received benefits from both. Improving livestock husbandry practices in conjunction with increasing tangible benefits of predators and conservancies may improve the attitudes of rural communities, leading to an increase in the viability of integrated carnivore conservation and rural development in sub-Saharan Africa.
What Do Books in the Home Proxy For? A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Engzell Per
Published: July 2018

In studies of educational achievement, students' self-reported number of books in the family home is a frequently used proxy for social, cultural, and economic background. Absent hard evidence about what this variable captures or how well, its use has been motivated by strong associations with student outcomes. I show that these associations rest on two types of endogeneity: low achievers accrue fewer books, and are also prone to underestimate their number. The conclusion is substantiated both by comparing reports by students and their parents, and by the fact that girls report on average higher numbers despite being similar to boys on other measures of social background. The endogenous bias is large enough to overturn classical attenuation bias; it distorts cross-country patterns and invalidates many common study designs. These findings serve as a caution against overreliance on standard regression assumptions and contribute to ongoing debates about the empirical robustness of social science.
Բնակչության Ազգայնական-Պահպանողական Ընտրական Կողմնորոշումների Աշխարհագրական Առանձնահատկությունները Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունում
Authors: Ghulyan Husik
Published: July 2018

Russian Abstract: Цель статьи выявление и интерпретация географических особенностей национально-консервативных электоральных предпочтений населения в Республике Армения. Для этого анализировалось структура политического пространства РА в 1998-2007 гг. и существование в этом пространстве политических сил разных идеологических ориентаций. В политическом пространстве РА как основные национал-консервативные силы приняв РПА и АРФ Дашнакцутюн, анализировалось итоги участия этих сил в парламентских и президентских выборах 1998-2007гг.В итоге с помощью сопоставления и пространство-временного анализа итогов парламентских и президентских выборов, автор пришел к выводу, что в РА от северо-запада республики (Ширак) к юго-востоку (Сюник) просматривается постепенное (градиентное) повышение уровня национально-консервативных электоральных предпочтений населения.English Abstract: This article aims to reveal and analyze the geographical features of nationalist-conservative electoral preferences of the population in the Republic of Armenia. For this purpose, the structure of the political landscape of Armenia in the period of 1998-2007 and the existence of political parties of various ideological orientations have been analyzed. In the paper, Republican Party of Armenia and ARF Dashnaktsutyun have been considered as the major nationalist-conservative political forces, and the voting for these parties during the parliamentary and presidential elections of 1998-2007 period has been elaborated. As a result of comparative and spatiotemporal analysis, the paper concludes that in Armenia there is a gradual increase of the level of nationalist-conservative electoral preferences of the population from the northwest (Shirak) to the southeast (Syunik) of the country.
Social Science Methods to Study Human–Cheetah Interactions
Authors: Rust Niki , Hughes Courtney
Published: July 2018

We are living in a new geological era – the Anthropocene - so called because of humanity’s far-reaching effects on the environment. As our population grows, threats towards biodiversity, including those associated with human-cheetah conflict, also increase. Social science research enables conservationists to understand and address the human dimensions of these challenges. This chapter describes common social science paradigms, theories, methodologies, methods and sampling strategies useful for studying human-cheetah interactions, as these types of studies are lacking. We explain the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, ethical and practical considerations, and use existing or comparable examples to highlight their use in cheetah research and conservation. Social science methods can be challenging to conduct, so we advise the importance for cheetah ecologists and practitioners to collaborate with social science experts.
A Call for Conservation Scientists to Empirically Study the Effects of Human Population Policies on Biodiversity Loss
Authors: Rust Niki , Kehoe Laura
Published: July 2018

The world is changing more quickly now than it ever has before, predominantlydue to our large consumption rates and population size. Despite this epoch beingwell-accepted as the “Anthropocene”, it is surprising that there is still a lack ofwillingness by many conservation scientists to engage with the consequencesof human population dynamics on biodiversity. We highlight the importanceof addressing the effects of our population abundance, density and growthrate on conservation and note that environmental organisations are beginningto embrace this problem but the take-up amongst conservation researchers toempirically study their effect on biodiversity is slow. We argue that the lack ofpublished research may partly be because the topic is still considered taboo. Wetherefore urge conservation scientists to direct more of their research efforts onthis issue, particularly to examples that highlight the effects of Population, Healthand Environment (PHE) projects and female education initiatives on biodiversity.
Comparison of perioperative outcomes in patients with uncomplicated and complicated cholelithiasis
Authors: Bohara Tanka Prasad , Regmee Sujan , Laudari Uttam , Shrestha Alok , Joshi Mukund Raj
Published: July 2018

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common disease managed by surgeons. The patient may present with asymptomatic incidentally detected cholelithiasis, uncomplicated symptomatic cholelithiasis or complicated symptomatic cholelithiasis. The perioperative outcome varies in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated and complicated disease. Objectives: To compare the perioperative outcomes between patients with uncomplicated and complicated cholelithiasis. Methodology: A prospective analytical study was conducted among all the patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the study period. The patients were categorized into two groups, uncomplicated and complicated. The comparison was done among these groups in terms of length of hospital stay, operative duration, and post-operative complications. Results: Total of 107 patients 22(20.56%) males and 85(79.43%) females were included in the study. 83(77.57%) were uncomplicated and 24(22.42%) were complicated cases. The average length of the hospital was 2.33 vs 6 days (p-value <0.01), mean operative duration 42.23 vs 70.17 minutes (p-value <0.00) and postoperative complication were 0 vs 6 in uncomplicated and complicated group respectively.Conclusion: Patients operated for uncomplicated cholelithiasis had a better perioperative outcome in terms of operative duration, post-operative hospital stay and complications rate as compared to patients operated for complicated cholelithiasis.
Impact of positive end expiratory pressure on left internal jugular vein size
Authors: Sharma Mona , Shrestha Babu Raja , Moktan Sushila Lama , Karki Manan
Published: July 2018

Background: Increasing the cross sectional area (CSA) of the left internal jugular vein facilitates cannulation and decreases complications. But, the literature is sparse regarding the methods to increase the cross sectional area of the left internal jugular vein.Objective: To assess the changes that occur in cross sectional area of left internal jugular vein after application of different levels of positive end expiratory pressure and compare the findings with right internal jugular vein.Methodology: Sixty-four patients were included. Antero posterior diameter, transverse diameter and cross sectional area of left and right internal jugular vein was measured using two-dimensional ultrasound before the induction of anesthesia and after intubation at positive end expiratory pressure of 0, 5, 10 and 15 cm H2O. Result: The increase in positive end expiratory pressure was associated with increase in cross sectional area, anteroposterior and transverse diameter of left internal jugular vein. At 10 cmH2 Opositive end expiratory pressure, left internal jugular vein cross sectional area increased significantly by 22.8% that is 1.34±0.53cm2(P value< 0.05). The right internal jugular vein is significantly larger than left at baseline and at all levels of studied positive end expiratory pressure. The percentage increase of cross sectional area for both internal jugular veins was similar.Conclusion: The left internal jugular vein cross sectional area increment has direct relationship with increment of positive end expiratory levels at studied points. However, above 10 cm H2O of positive end expiratory pressure, there was only non significant increase (P value > 0.05).
Incidence of bacterial infections in chronic kidney disease patients admitted in nephrology unit of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Adhikari Laxman
Published: July 2018

Background: Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients, second only to cardiovascular causes. As the incidence of chronic kidney disease is increasing, the number of deaths due to infectious disease is also increasing. Infectious disease includes infection, bacteremia and sepsis in chronic kidney disease patients.Objective: To assess the incidence of bacterial infections in chronic kidney disease patients.Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was done among all chronic kidney disease patients admitted over 6 months in Nephrology Unit of Department of Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.Results: 58 patients were admitted with infectious diseases, out of which 6 patients (10.34%) died during treatment while 1 patient (1.78%) left against medical advice. Infection in patients undergoing dialysis (5D) was much more compared to stage 4 or 5chronic kidney disease patients (58.62% vs. 13.79% vs. 17.24% respectively). 19 patients (32.76%) had pneumonia, 16 patients (27.56%) had Urinary Tract Infection while 12 patients (20.70%) had sepsis. Although sepsis was less prevalent compared to pneumonia/ Urinary Tract Infection, deaths due to sepsis was very high.Conclusion: The incidence of bacterial infections in chronic kidney disease patients is still high despite all the improvements in infection control and dialysis practices, and still lots is left to be done to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by infections in chronic kidney disease patients.