bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importance de la contamination des élevages équins par Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi, en France et dans les Dom-Tom
Authors: Rahal Karim , Laugier Claire , Dugardin Francis , Vaissaire Josée
Published: December 2017

Importance of the contamination of horse breeding forms by rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in France and “Dom-Tom”

Systematic use of selective media permitted the isolation of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium ) equi in many horse breeding farms in France and Dom-Tom. This bacteria, which is one of the principal pathogens of foal pneumonia, has been isolated in a high proportion of samples. It has been isolated in high proportion of samples. It has been isolated in a high proportion of samples. It has been isolated in 68,3 % of soil samples from six breeding farms and in 56 % of fresh faeces from 123 breeding farms localised essencially in Normandy.
Électrophorèse des protéines sériques selon l’âge chez le cheval de selle cliniquement normal
Authors: Perrin Roland , Foulon Thérèse , Groslambert Paule , Groulade Paul
Published: December 2017

Deux groupes de chevaux sont étudiés : 10 chevaux militaires et 50 chevaux de centres hippiques, âgés de 6 mois à 32 ans. L’électrophorèse est réalisée sur acétate de cellulose, bande 170 x 25 mm, tampon pH 9,6, voltage 220 v., intensité 12 mA, migration 4 h 30. La détermination des fractions est établie par migration comparée sérum humain-sérum de cheval. Six fractions sont identifiées : albumine, alpha 1, alpha 2, bêta 1, bêta 2, gamma, avec un tracé expressif et reproductible. Des illustrations avec tracés et bandes sont présentées. La conservation du sérum et l’évolution avec l’âge sont étudiées.
Determinants of HIV Testing Among Sexually Active Young People in Zambia
Authors: Menon Anitha J. , Mwaba Sidney O. C. , Thankian Kusathan
Published: December 2017

This study used data from the 2013 Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS) based on a nationally representative sample carried out by Central Statistical Office of Zambia. This paper analyzed a special module designed to collect information on the extent of the uptake of HIV testing by sexually active young people in Zambia. The analysis of this paper is based on 1879 young women aged 15-19 and 2747 aged 20-24 years respectively. Their male counterparts were 1675 aged 15-19 and 2005 aged 20-24 years. Overall 84% of females and 57% of males reported having tested for HIV. Regression analysis further showed that age, place of residence, work status, educational level, consistency of condom use and number of sex partners were significantly related to the uptake of HIV testing for both female and male participants. Young sexually active people should be availed affordable educational opportunities which in turn will hopefully accord them to viable economic opportunities. The media exposure to the young men and women should preach consistent condom use as well as a reduction in their sexual partners.Key Words: HIV testing; Sexually active; Condom use; Prevalence
Feasibility Trial of Tailored Home Modifications: Process Outcomes
Authors: Stark Susan , Somerville Emily , Conte Jane , Keglovits Marian , Hu Yi-Ling , Carpenter Christopher , Hollingsworth Holly , Yan Yan
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to conduct a process evaluation to examine the implementation of a randomized controlled trial of home modifications designed to reduce the risk of falls and improve daily activity performance among community-dwelling older adults.

METHOD. A process evaluation was conducted alongside a blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial (n = 92). Participants were followed for 1 yr after intervention. The process evaluation was framed using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework.

RESULTS. The treatment group improved daily activity performance over 12 mo compared with the sham control group (F = 4.13; p = .024). The intervention elements and dose were delivered with greater than 90% accuracy. Participants reported a 91% adherence rate at 12 mo.

CONCLUSION. The complex intervention of home modifications examined in this study is acceptable to older adults, is feasible, and can be delivered with high fidelity for frail, community-dwelling older adults.
Open burning of rice, corn and wheat straws: primary emissions, photochemical aging, and secondary organic aerosol formation
Authors: Fang Zheng , Deng Wei , Zhang Yanli , Ding Xiang , Tang Mingjin , Liu Tengyu , Hu Qihou , Zhu Ming , Wang Zhaoyi , Yang Weiqiang , Huang Zhonghui , Song Wei , Bi Xinhui , Chen Jianmin , Sun Yele , George Christian , Wang Xinming
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Agricultural residues are among the most abundant biomass burned globally, especially in China. However, there is little information on primary emissions and photochemical evolution of agricultural residue burning. In this study, indoor chamber experiments were conducted to investigate primary emissions from open burning of rice, corn and wheat straws and their photochemical aging as well. Emission factors of NOx, NH3, SO2, 67 non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), particulate matter (PM), organic aerosol (OA) and black carbon (BC) under ambient dilution conditions were determined. Olefins accounted for  >  50 % of the total speciated NMHCs emission (2.47 to 5.04 g kg−1), indicating high ozone formation potential of straw burning emissions. Emission factors of PM (3.73 to 6.36 g kg−1) and primary organic carbon (POC, 2.05 to 4.11 gC kg−1), measured at dilution ratios of 1300 to 4000, were lower than those reported in previous studies at low dilution ratios, probably due to the evaporation of semi-volatile organic compounds under high dilution conditions. After photochemical aging with an OH exposure range of (1.97–4.97)  ×  1010 molecule cm−3 s in the chamber, large amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) were produced with OA mass enhancement ratios (the mass ratio of total OA to primary OA) of 2.4–7.6. The 20 known precursors could only explain 5.0–27.3 % of the observed SOA mass, suggesting that the major precursors of SOA formed from open straw burning remain unidentified. Aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) signaled that the aged OA contained less hydrocarbons but more oxygen- and nitrogen-containing compounds than primary OA, and carbon oxidation state (OSc) calculated with AMS resolved O ∕ C and H ∕ C ratios increased linearly (p  <  0.001) with OH exposure with quite similar slopes.
Community composition and seasonal changes of archaea in coarse and fine air particulate matter
Authors: Wehking Jörn , Pickersgill Daniel A. , Bowers Robert M. , Teschner David , Pöschl Ulrich , Fröhlich-Nowoisky Janine , Després Viviane R.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Archaea are ubiquitous in terrestrial and marine environments and play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. Although air acts as the primary medium for their dispersal among different habitats, their diversity and abundance is not well characterized. The main reasons for this lack of insight is that archaea are difficult to culture, seem to be low in number in the atmosphere, and have so far been difficult to detect even with molecular genetic approaches. However, to better understand the transport, residence time, and living conditions of microorganisms in the atmosphere as well as their effects on the atmosphere and vice versa, it is essential to study all groups of bioaerosols. Here we present an in-depth analysis of airborne archaea based on Illumina sequencing of 16S-rRNA from atmospheric coarse and fine particulate matter samples and show seasonal dynamics and discuss anthropogenic influences on the diversity, composition, and abundance of airborne archaea. The relative proportions of archaea to bacteria, the differences of the community composition in fine and coarse particulate matter, as well as the high abundance in coarse matter of one typical soil related family, the Nitrososphaeraceae, points to local phyllosphere and soil habitats as primary emission sources of airborne archaea. We found comparable seasonal dynamics for the dominating Euryarchaeota classes and Crenarchaeota orders peaking in summer and fall. In contrast, the omnipresent Cenarchaeales and the Thermoplasmata occur only throughout summer and fall. We also gained novel insights into archaeal compositon in fine particulate matter (
Forests: the cross-linguistic perspective
Authors: Burenhult Niclas , Hill Clair , Huber Juliette , van Putten Saskia , Rybka Konrad , San Roque Lila
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Do all humans perceive, think, and talk about tree cover (forests) in more or less the same way? International forestry programs frequently seem to operate on the assumption that they do. However, recent advances in the language sciences show that languages vary greatly as to how the landscape domain is lexicalized and grammaticalized. Different languages segment and label the large-scale environment and its features according to astonishingly different semantic principles, often in tandem with highly culture-specific practices and ideologies. Presumed basic concepts like mountain, valley, and river cannot in fact be straightforwardly translated across languages. In this paper we describe, compare, and evaluate some of the semantic diversity observed in relation to forests. We do so on the basis of first-hand linguistic field data from a global sample of indigenous categorization systems as they are manifested in the following languages: Avatime (Ghana), Duna (Papua New Guinea), Jahai (Malay Peninsula), Lokono (the Guianas), Makalero (East Timor), and Umpila/Kuuku Ya'u (Cape York Peninsula). We show that basic linguistic categories relating to tree cover vary considerably in their principles of semantic encoding across languages, and that forest is a challenging category from the point of view of intercultural translatability. This has consequences for current global policies and programs aimed at standardizing forest definitions and measurements. It calls for greater attention to categorial diversity in designing and implementing such agendas, and for receptiveness to and understanding of local indigenous classification systems in communicating those agendas on the ground.
High stresses stored in fault zones: example of the Nojima fault (Japan)
Authors: Boullier Anne-Marie , Robach Odile , Ildefonse Benoît , Barou Fabrice , Mainprice David , Ohtani Tomoyuki , Fujimoto Koichiro
Published: December 2017

Abstract. During the last decade pulverized rocks have been described on outcrops along large active faults and attributed to damage related to a propagating seismic rupture front. Questions remain on the maximal lateral distance from the fault plane and maximal depth for dynamic damage to be imprinted in rocks. In order to document these questions, a core sample of granodiorite located at 51.3 m from the Nojima fault (Japan) that was drilled after the Hyogo-ken Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake is studied by using Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and high resolution X-ray Laue microdiffraction. Although located outside of the Nojima damage fault zone and macroscopically undeformed, the sample shows pervasive microfractures and local fragmentation that are attributed to the first stage of seismic activity along the Nojima fault characterized by laumontite as the main sealing mineral. EBSD mapping was used in order to characterize the crystallographic orientation and deformation microstructures in the sample, and X-ray microdiffraction to measure elastic strain and residual stresses in a quartz grain. Both methods give consistent results on the crystallographic orientation and show small and short wave-length misorientations associated with laumontite-sealed microfractures and alignments of tiny fluid inclusions. Deformation microstructures in quartz are symptomatic of the semi-brittle faulting regime, in which low temperature brittle, plastic deformation and stress-driven dissolution-deposition processes occur conjointly. Residual stresses are calculated from elastic strain measured by X-ray Laue microdiffraction and stress peaks at 100 MPa (mean 141 MPa). Such stress values are comparable to the peak strength of a damaged granodiorite from the damage zone of the Nojima fault indicating that, although apparently macroscopically undeformed, the sample is actually highly damaged. The homogeneously distributed microfracturing of quartz is the microscopically visible imprint of this damage and suggests that high stresses were stored in the whole sample and not only concentrated on some crystal defects. It is proposed that the high residual stresses are the sum of the stress fields associated with individual dislocations, dislocation microstructures and originated from the dynamic damage related to the propagation of rupture fronts or seismic waves associated to M6 to M7 earthquakes during Paleocene on the Nojima fault at a 3.7–11.1 km depth (laumontite stability domain) where confining pressure prevented pulverization. The high residual stresses and the deformation microstructures would have contributed to the widening of the damaged fault zone with additional large earthquakes occurring on the Nojima fault.
El videoclip como spot: Presencia y evolución del Product Placement en el vídeo musical
Authors: Rodríguez-López Jennifer , Pérez-Rufí José Patricio
Published: December 2017

El vídeo musical se define como un formato esencialmente publicitario. Por ello, en este artículo se pretende analizar la presencia de la técnica del Product placement y su evolución desde el comienzo del videoclip hasta la actualidad. El estudio se realiza sobre una muestra de 32 vídeos musicales ganadores del premio de la cadena MTV en la categoría de mejor vídeo del año. Se observa tras el estudio la ausencia de dicha técnica de marketing publicitario en los primeros años de desarrollo del videoclip como formato y la mayor presencia en los clips más actuales, conscientes de su valor comercial.
Los anuncios de los anunciantes: publicidad de medios de comunicación en el almanaque Bailly-Bailliere (1895-1922)
Authors: Martín García Manuel , Zhenxing LI
Published: December 2017

La publicidad comercial en medios impresos en el paso del siglo XIX al XX ha sido objeto de atención reiterada tanto desde puntos de vista académicos como profesionales o sociológicos. El presente artículo indaga en la publicidad de los propios medios de comunicación que son, por definición, soportes de una publicidad consustancial a su existencia.Para ello, se han examinado 1520 inserciones de 176 medios de comunicación publicadas en el anuario y agenda Bailly-Bailiere entre los años 1895 y 1922. Se han identificado diferencias profundas en estructura y connotaciones respecto a lo que podemos denominar publicidad comercial convencional en la misma época y, se concluye, que estos reclamos apuntan a un modo de anunciar, consciente o inconsciente, que se sitúa de modo avanzado varias décadas en el desarrollo posterior de la publicidad tanto en soportes impresos como aquella que utiliza otros medios.
Petroleum Engineering as a (still) Promising Career in Geosciences? An Empirical Example in Northeastern Mexico
Authors: B. Elizabeth Chacon , Briones Carrillo Jorge A. , Aguilar-Madera Carlos G. , Barros-Galvis Nelson E. , Méndez-Delgado Sóstenes
Published: December 2017

More than ever, it is the time to increase the number of engineering students applying to geosciences in order to satisfy the growing national challenges and administrate our natural resources in a responsible and sustainable manner. This work analyzes the petroleum engineer career at the UANL through an 8-yr experience in order to critically evaluate the current academic profile that Petroleum Engineers need within a global and shared world.  This brief appraisal also presents an updated revision of all certified academic programs offering the Petroleum Engineering career in Mexico. At the same time, this work also proposes a modest but realistic academic modality for this particular career to better fulfill the actual academic and industrial demands on this area. Adjusting the academic geoscience workforce implies a redefinition of curricular programs, values and competences for this career in a synergic action with government policies and public and private employees worldwide. Certainly, the change should be the driving force to design modern up-to-date professional profiles and better oil professionals with a global perspective to take on alternative development.
¿Educación para el mercado o para el desarrollo humano?
Authors: Martínez Reyes Nelson Rubén
Published: December 2017

Sin resumen disponible
La educación con enfoque por competencias: ¿una oportunidad para impulsar la investigación en la universidad?
Authors: Chanta Martínez René Antonio
Published: December 2017

El presente texto es una reflexión sobre la enseñanza por competencias en al ámbito de la educación universitaria. Presentará brevemente, un análisis enfatizando que la educación por competencias puede ser la oportunidad para promover la tendencia investigativa en el aula. Hoy que el mundo se ha complejizado y se hacen diversos cambios y renovaciones, la educación por competencias se presenta como un reto y una oportunidad para fomentar la curiosidad investigativa. De esta menara, se facilitará la creación de un pensamiento propio, original y comprometido con la sociedad.Chanta, R. A. (2017). La educación con enfoque por competencias ¿Una oportunidad para impulsar la investigación en la universidad? Diá-logos 19, 39-49.
Educación salesiana para la ciudadanía desde la universidad para una sociedad líquida
Authors: Damas Solórzano Roberto Alexander
Published: December 2017

El artículo hace una reflexión desde un planteamiento pedagógico sobre cómo educar en ciudadanía en la universidad salesiana. Dicha reflexión implica una concepción de la educación como mecanismo para desarrollar la capacidad humana en una sociedad líquida en la cual la dimensión de ciudadana ha sido relevada por la de consumidores. Ante esto, la educación superior, y especialmente la presencia salesiana en la universidad, plantean una emergencia educativa, educar desde un modelo salesiano al ciudadano.Damas, R. A. (2016). Educación salesiana para la ciudadanía desde la universidad para una sociedad líquida. Diá-logos 19, 69-81.
Sartre versus Foucault: um embate sobre a teoria e a prática intelectual
Authors: Yazbek Andre Constantino
Published: December 2017

Partindo do antagonismo representado pelas obras de Jean-Paul Sartre e Michel Foucault no horizonte da filosofia francesa contemporânea, este artigo procura divisar as linhas de força de alguns dos impasses e dilemas da teoria e da ação política no pensamento losó co e o papel atribuído ao intelectual na contemporaneidade.
Práticas de liberdade em Foucault
Authors: Fortes Ribas Thiago
Published: December 2017

Ao propor o diagnóstico do presente como tarefa de sua filosofia, Michel Foucault pensou a possibilidade de práticas da liberdade a partir de uma relação refletida de resistência aos campos de saber e de poder que formam nossa atualidade. Não se trata, desta forma, de pensar a liberdade como oposta aos regimes de saber e as relações de poder, mas antes de pensar a liberdade como uma prática possível no interior dos sistemas de verdade formados por estes campos. Pensando desta forma, Foucault se confronta tanto com os fundamentos do pensamento humanista, quanto com os princípios da análise do poder em termos jurídico-políticos. Assim, na investigação das formas de resistência frente a nosso presente, Foucault nos propõe uma filosofia como exercício arriscado de si mesmo e que seria inseparável de uma transformação dos outros.
Psiquiatrizar e judicializar: a constituição histórica da Psiquiatria, no Vigiar e Punir
Authors: Chaves Ernani
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é interrogar acerca do modo pelo qual no Vigiar e Punir (1975) Foucault retoma o problema da constituição histórica da Psiquiatria. Procura-se entender os caminhos que esse problema percorre a partir da publicação da História da Loucura (1961), recorrendo-se, principalmente, aos cursos ministrados no Collège de France. Com isso, tentamos mostrar o quanto o projeto teórico-metodológico do Vigiar e Punir, se constitui a partir de uma severa autocrítica à História da Loucura. Nesse processo de autocrítica, a constituição histórica da Psiquiatria é revista de tal modo que possamos compreender o quanto a própria Psiquiatria, que no começo do século XIX, restringia-se ao tratamento dos loucos no interior do hospital psiquiátrico transforma-se, no decorrer daquele século, no discurso que estabelece, para toda a sociedade, a separação clara e distinta entre normal e patológico. Aliado da Criminologia e do Direito Penal, o discurso psiquiátrico passa a integrar, de modo decisivo, o processo de patologização e judicialização da vida cotidiana.
O que é uma sociedade disciplinar? Gênese e atualidade de um conceito, a partir de Vigiar e Punir
Authors: Sabot Philippe
Published: December 2017

Neste texto, trata-se de compreender a gênese e avaliar a atualidade da noção foucaultiana de “sociedade disciplinar”. Interrogaremos como a noção de “sociedade disciplinar”, central em Vigiar e Punir, se articula à noção de “sociedade punitiva”, elaborada no curso de 1973 no Collège de France. Na sequência, avaliamos como a noção de sociedade disciplinar se articulou a outros regimes de normalização, como aquele considerado por Foucault no nal dos anos 1970 sob o nome de governamentalidade. Finalmente, questionamos particularmente se, com a descoberta da sociedade de normas que acompanha a emergência do biopoder, não existiria uma nova metamorfose do controle social que nos permitiria melhor entender o que somos e em que condições podemos pensar nosso próprio presente e futuro políticos.
Corpo e ilegalismos
Authors: Da Fonseca Márcio Alves
Published: December 2017

Ao retomar o signi cado da noção de“ilegalismo”nos escritos de Foucault, especialmente a partir do curso La société punitive (1973), o artigo procura pensar alguns aspectos da implicação entre corpo, lei e resistência segundo a perspectiva do lósofo. A partir das distinções entre o ilegalismo de depredação e o ilegalismo de dissipação, que mostrarão de que modo este último terá como ponto de aplicação não o corpo da riqueza, mas o próprio corpo do trabalhador, sugere-se a potencialidade das análises de Foucault sobre os ilegalismos para se pensar nas relações entre o corpo, a lei, a norma e a resistência.
Três corpos: Artaud, Foucault, Deleuze
Authors: Sardinha Diogo
Published: December 2017

O texto pretende analisar o itinerário realizado por Foucault em torno da noção de corpo, levando em consideração duas tripartições: uma interna à obra de Foucault, considerando as três etapas de seu pensamento, a saber, epistemológica, política e ética, e uma segunda, externa à obra de Foucault, que visa uma leitura comparada entre Deleuze e Foucault, a partir da leitura que ambos fazem de Artaud. Esse contraste permite trazer à luz uma rede de tensões, cumplicidades, mudanças e distanciamentos entre Foucault e Deleuze.
Foucault, os feminismos e o paradoxo dos direitos
Authors: Rago Margareth
Published: December 2017

Nesse artigo, apresento duas interpretações divergentes em relação ao Direito e às políticas públicas, que se inspiram nas re exões de Michel Foucault sobre o poder, a lógica punitiva e os direitos. A partir das análises de alguns especialistas sobre a loso a de Foucault e sua noção de “contraconduta”, estendo a discussão, num segundo momento, para problematizar os desa os enfrentados pelos feminismos em relação ao paradoxo dos direitos e às saídas oferecidas para conter a violência sexual e de gênero cometida contra os corpos femininos, seja no campo jurídico, como a Lei Maria da Penha e a tipi cação do feminicídio, seja na dimensão ética, com o cuidado de si e as práticas de si.
Reler Foucault à luz de Butler: repensar a Biopolítica e o Dispositivo da Sexualidade
Authors: Duarte André De Macedo
Published: December 2017

O texto discute algumas guras contemporâneas da relação entre vida e política tal como elas se manifestam no âmbito da sexualidade, particularmente sensível na atualidade. Basta recordar as polêmicas no Congresso Nacional em torno da concepção de família, da igualdade de direitos entre heterossexuais e homossexuais, em torno à legislação sobre o aborto, bem como das polêmicas orquestradas em torno da chamada ideologia de gênero. Neste contexto, é imprescindível retornar ao aparato teórico-crítico proposto por Foucault e Butler a m de repropor a discussão acerca da dimensão política da sexualidade. Os dois autores contribuem para o questionamento dos efeitos de naturalização de normas sociais hegemônicas, bem como ressaltam o potencial político dos movimentos que zeram da sexualidade e do gênero seu foco de luta e de resistência. Incidentalmente, este texto também reconsidera a apropriação contemporânea da noção foucaultiana de biopolítica e se propõe a trazê-la de volta, do campo da loso a política que aborda as relações entre violência e poder estatal soberano, para o campo da sexualidade e dos movimentos políticos de minorias LGBT, locus a partir do qual ela fora forjada inicialmente por Foucault.
Student Teachers’ Proactive Strategies and Experienced Learning Environment for Reducing Study-Related Burnout
Authors: Väisänen Sanna , Pietarinen Janne , Pyhältö Kirsi , Toom Auli , Soini Tiina
Published: December 2017

The study aims to gain a better understanding of the interrelation and the development of student teachers’ proactive coping strategies, i.e., self-regulative and co-regulative strategies, perceived learning environment and study-related burnout. Longitudinal data were utilized with three annual measurements during bachelor studies. Altogether, 270 primary school student teachers completed the survey. The data was analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results showed that the self-regulative strategy adopted by student teachers promoted the use of co-regulative strategy. Co-regulative strategy use in turn contributed to the perceived fit between the student teacher and the learning environment, and further, reduced study-related burnout. Moreover, student teachers’ ability to utilize proactive self-regulative strategies to buffer potential stressors in advance, i.e., an ability to manage one’s own study pace in the direction of well-being, was effective in reducing the risk of developing burnout. Results also showed that both the key determinants for reducing study-related burnout, i.e., proactive strategies and experienced learning environment, and the study-related burnout symptoms themselves were relatively stable.
The Peer Review Process of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
Authors: Neve Leo E.C.
Published: December 2017

The Peer Review Process of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes

The Global Forum on transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes has undertaken peer reviews on the implementation of the global standard of exchange of information on request, both from the perspective of formalities available and from the perspective of actual implementation. In the review reports Global Forum advises jurisdictions on required amendments of regulations and practices. With these advices, the Global Forum exercises regulatory authority. The article assesses the legitimacy of the exercise of such authority by the Global Forum and concludes that the exercise of such authority is not legitimate for the reason that the rule of law is abused by preventing jurisdictions to adhere to due process rules.
Over de houdbaarheid van de parlementaire immuniteit voor (gemeentelijke) volksvertegenwoordigers
Authors: van der Vorm B.
Published: December 2017

Over de houdbaarheid van de parlementaire immuniteit voor (gemeentelijke) volksvertegenwoordigers

Volksvertegenwoordigers die zich binnen een officiële vergadering beledigend uitlaten tegenover andere parlementariërs kunnen hiervoor niet worden vervolgd of civielrechtelijk worden aangesproken. Hetzelfde geldt voor andere delicten, zoals de schending van de geheimhoudingsplicht en het aanzetten tot haat. Het Openbaar Ministerie komt in dergelijke gevallen geen vervolgingsrecht toe. De voorzitter is bevoegd om sanctionerend op te treden. In het huidige regime lijkt de toegevoegde waarde van deze parlementaire immuniteit voor volksvertegenwoordigers achterhaald te zijn, vanwege een ruime uitleg van de vrijheid van meningsuiting voor politici.
Las reformas para la fiscalización de los funcionarios de la Hacienda portuguesa en Ultramar en la segunda mitad del XVIII = The Reforms of the Inspection of the Officials within the Portuguese Treasury Overseas in the Second Half of the 18th Century
Authors: Stumpf Roberta
Published: December 2017

Este trabajo pretende analizar las reformas en la Hacienda de la Monarquía portuguesa, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, a la luz de las relaciones entre el centro de la Corona en Lisboa y los territorios ultramarinos. Se dará relevancia al control de la actuación de los oficiais de recebimento (almoxarifes, tesoureiros y recebedores). Para ello, retrocederemos en el tiempo con el objetivo de comprender mejor el impacto de los cambios que alteraron la estructura hacendaria (tanto en el Reino como en el Imperio), así como las relaciones entre sus autoridades y agentes.AbstractThis paper intends to analyze the reforms made within the Treasury of the Portuguese monarchy, from the second half of the XVIII century, in the light of the relations between the center of the monarchy in Lisbon and the territories overseas.Relevance will be given in regards to the control of the performance of the oficiais de recebimento (almoxarifes, tesoureiros y recebedores). To do this, we will go back in time with the aim of better understanding the impact of the changes that altered the fiscal structure (both within the Kingdom and within the Empire), as well as the relations between its authorities and agents.
O arrebol de lírica melancolia na narrativa pictórica de Iuli Klever
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Zwick Ludmila Menezes
Published: December 2017

O intuito deste texto é estudar a poética alcançada na narrativa pictórica de Iuli Klever (1850-1924) em razão de sua utilização dos elementos e recursos do romantismo. Tentamos compreender, por meio do perfil criador desse artista, se tais obras trazem consigo uma sobreposição maior do romantismo frente ao lirismo ou se o lirismo se sobreporia ao romantismo, sendo aquele uma das características deste. Para tanto, efetuamos num primeiro momento uma descrição da visão de mundo romântica, que era motivada por outra estética, apreciava a exposição do homem envolto em seus próprios sentimentos e pensamentos, e apresentava um destacado apreço pela paisagem associado à poética necessária à originalidade expressiva. Num segundo momento, constatamos que, embora o artista utilize todos os elementos do romantismo em suas narrativas pictóricas, a exemplo do mítico, por força do encanto da forma e das cores das obras ocorre a prevalência do lirismo frente às demais características do romantismo. Verificamos também que em todas as suas obras se sobressai o céu como a personagem essencial, de onde toda a distribuição de cores e formas é projetada à paisagem e aos demais personagens.
NAS FENDAS DO REGIME ESCÓPICO
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Bahia Lúcia Helena Fidelis
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo busca provocar rupturas plausíveis na corrente de pensamento proposta pelo regime escópico através do estudo das cegueiras no âmbito das artes, particularmente a cegueira funcional e seu espaço metafórico. Dessa forma, o texto evidencia autores como Georges Bataille e Jacques Lacan e artistas como Luiz Henrique Schwanke – e suas obras Paralelepípedo de luz (1990) e Cubo de luz (1991) – e Cildo Meireles com sua obra Espelho Cego (1970). Para isso, ele foi dividido basicamente em duas partes intituladas, respectivamente, de A luz cegadora: de Bataille a Schwanke e A experiência do espelho em Lacan e Cildo Meireles. Por fim, foram utilizados dois livros como base de sustentação da reflexão apresentada: Ojos Abatidos: la denigración de la visión en el pensamiento francés del siglo XX de Martin Jay e Blindness and Visual Culture: An Eyewitness Account de Georgina Kleege.
John Deweys kritik af liberal education
Authors: Huggler Jørgen
Published: December 2017

The paper deals with John Dewey’s aversion against liberal education and his concern about a ‘dual track’ educational system separating liberal education and vocational education. It investigates the reason why Dewey maintains that the philosophical ‘dualisms’ culminates in the question on vocation.
L’analyse des comportements sociaux d’enfants présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme en présence de leurs grands-parents par la loi généralisée de l’appariement
Authors: Vallée-Ouimet Jacinthe , Poirier Nathalie
Published: December 2017

Le trouble du spectre de l’autisme est caractérisé par des difficultés de la communication sociale et des comportements/intérêts restreints ou répétitifs. La famille doit relever les défis associés aux difficultés de l’enfant. Les grands-parents d’enfants présentant un TSA font, d’ailleurs, souvent partie du réseau de soutien de la famille.

Objectif : Cette étude s’intéresse aux comportements sociaux d’enfants d’âge préscolaire présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) (n = 6 dyades) ainsi qu’à leur sensibilité à l’attention de leurs grands-parents (n = 4 dyades).

Méthode : Les comportements des dyades de participants ont été observés à domicile à huit reprises durant 90 minutes. Trois tâches différentes devaient être effectuées : une activité autonome, une tâche pratique et une activité sociale.

Résultats : Les résultats précisent la tendance des enfants à émettre différents comportements sociaux lors d’activités autonomes, pratiques et sociales. Les enfants de cette étude présentent tous une préférence à émettre des comportements sociaux comparativement aux comportements non sociaux. Par ailleurs, ils ne modifient pas leurs comportements en fonction de l’attention donnée par leurs grands-parents laquelle consiste principalement à regarder l’enfant durant l’interaction. Il est possible que les renforçateurs octroyés par les grands-parents ne soient pas suffisamment substantiels pour être détectés par l’enfant ayant un TSA en raison d’un fréquent déficit à coordonner le regard à celui de l’interlocuteur. Des recommandations sont proposées pour favoriser l’émergence de comportements de socialisation chez l’enfant.
La géographie du Nord dans l’oeuvre de Maurice Constantin-Weyer : de la réalité à l’imaginaire
Authors: Fauchon André
Published: December 2017

Le Nord est très présent dans l’oeuvre de Maurice Constantin-Weyer, notamment dans son «épopée canadienne». Mais de quel Nord s’agit-il, puisque le Nord, c’est un très vaste espace, mal délimité, aux frontières changeantes? Le Nord correspond notamment à des rigueurs du climat et du paysage, à de grands espaces inoccupés, à la nature sauvage, à un grand silence blanc… Chez Constantin-Weyer, l’action se déroule-t-elle vraiment dans le Nord? L’auteur y a-t-il transposé son expérience du Nord ou est-ce le fruit de son imaginaire et de ses nombreuses lectures? Constantin-Weyer a vécu au Canada, dans la région de Saint-Claude (Manitoba), de 1903 à 1914. On peut sans aucun doute affirmer que Constantin-Weyer n’a pas du tout voyagé dans les espaces de son oeuvre de fiction, malgré toute la légende qui l’entoure dans les milieux littéraires en France, mais il a fait entrer l’Ouest et le Nord canadiens dans la littérature d’expression française.
Regenerative agriculture: merging farming and natural resource conservation profitably
Authors: LaCanne Claire E , Lundgren Jonathan G
Published: December 2017

Most cropland in the U.S. is characterized by large monocultures, whose productivity is maintained through a strong reliance on costly tillage, external fertilizers, and pesticides ( Schipanski et al., 2016 ) . Despite this, farmers have developed a regenerative model of farm production that promotes soil health and biodiversity, while producing nutrient-dense farm products profitably. Little work has focused on the relative costs and benefits of novel regenerative farming operations, which necessitates studying in situ, farmer-defined best management practices. Here, we evaluate the relative effects of regenerative and conventional corn production systems on pest management services, soil conservation, and farmer profitability and productivity throughout the Northern Plains of the United States. Regenerative farming systems provided greater ecosystem services and profitability for farmers than an input-intensive model of corn production. Pests were 10-fold more abundant in insecticide-treated corn fields than on insecticide-free regenerative farms, indicating that farmers who proactively design pest-resilient food systems outperform farmers that react to pests chemically. Regenerative fields had 29% lower grain production but 78% higher profits over traditional corn production systems. Profit was positively correlated with the particulate organic matter of the soil, not yield. These results provide the basis for dialogue on ecologically based farming systems that could be used to simultaneously produce food while conserving our natural resource base: two factors that are pitted against one another in simplified food production systems. To attain this requires a systems-level shift on the farm; simply applying individual regenerative practices within the current production model will not likely produce the documented results.
A Consonant Shift in Kuwaitis’ Speech: Challenging the Bedouin Vs Sedentary hypothesis The case of [ʧ]
Authors: Dashti Abdulmohsen A.
Published: December 2017

In light of sociolinguist phonological change, the following study investigates the shift of [ʧ] to [k] sound in the speech of Kuwaitis and argues against the Bedouin/ Sedentary distinction. The main hypothesis is twofold: first the shift seems to be driven not by the differences between the sedentary and Bedouin varieties, but by the widespread of the English language as a prestige form and by the recent change of Kuwaitis’ lifestyle; second, the shift is not totally in the direction of [k], but rather in the direction of a lexical replacement by either English loanwords, classical Arabic, or other Arab dialects. To test this hypothesis, 130 informants were informally interviewed. 503 tokens were collected and were examined across gender, age, level of education. Their speech was phonetically transcribed and accordingly was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. Results indicate that the [ʧ] variant is undergoing change and that the social parameters and the significant social changes, that Kuwait has undergone recently, have triggered this linguistic shift.
Exploring the Genre of Academic Oral Presentations: A Critical Review
Authors: Kaur Kuldip , Mohamad Ali Afida
Published: December 2017

Conducting Academic Oral Presentation (AOP) is an endeavour for undergraduates although it is a key academic genre for undergraduates.  Despite its importance, there remains a paucity of studies on this oral genre in the Malaysian context as shown in the body of the literature. This paper provides a critical review of the literature on AOP and discusses the advantages and limitations of the previous studies to date on this oral genre. The literature shows most studies that adopt the genre analysis approach typically analyse only one section of the oral genre.  These studies have not examined the AOP rhetorical structure in totality.  Moreover, studies on multimodal analysis of AOP comparing the verbal and non-verbal modes are limited. Only few studies have attempted to examine the juxtaposition of the moves, linguistic elements and the visuals.  AOPs are ubiquitous for the students across various courses and disciplines in the university and past studies have also compared the differences between disciplines (Zappa-Hollman, 2007; Morita, 2000).Thus, realizing the importance of AOP, clearly there is a necessity to conduct more research in this area in the local context.
Exploring EFL Learners’ Experience of Foreign Language Proficiency Maintenance: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Ostovar-Namaghi Seyyed Ali , Rahmanian Nahid
Published: December 2017

Having developed foreign language proficiency, a large number of EFL learners experience some degrees of foreign language loss later in life since English has no social function in many EFL contexts including Iran. However, there are some language learners who actively maintain and develop their proficiency long after they leave language education programs. This study aims at uncovering techniques applied by this minority group in maintaining their foreign language proficiency. Participants who were willing to share their experience of proficiency maintenance were selected through purposive and snowball sampling and verbalizations of their experience were then analyzed in line with phenomenology research design. Abstraction and thematic analysis of the participants’ experiences revealed that they actively create conditions that are conducive to proficiency maintenance such as reviewing previously learned materials, watching target language movies and actively manipulating subtitles, reading for pleasure, attending discussion groups, and using internet to communicate in the target language. While proficiency loss and attrition is the norm in EFL contexts, maintenance is an exception; hence, the findings of this study have clear and immediate implications for both foreign language teachers and learners since they provide them with down-to-earth, data-driven techniques of proficiency maintenance.
Investigating the Relationship between Iranian EFL Teachers' Conformity to Postmethod Principles and Their Academic Success
Authors: Motallebzadeh Khalil , Garmabi Hanieh , Fayendari Mehri Bakhtiari
Published: December 2017

In educational world, the language teaching pendulum is swinging away from methods to postmethod pedagogy although its actual emergence in some contexts is under doubt. The present study aims at pursuing whether Iranian English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) teachers conform their teaching approach to postmethod principles and whether there exists a relationship between teachers' willingness and conformity to post-method pedagogy and their academic success perceived by their students. To this end, an exploratory study was undertaken with a sample size of 102 EFL teachers from a number of private institutes in Iran. The Postmethod |Pedagogy Questionnaire (PPQ) was employed to evaluate the teachers' level of willingness and conformity to the principles of postmethod pedagogy. In addition, the measures of the teachers' professional success were obtained via Characteristics of Successful Iranian EFL Teacher Questionnaire (CSIETQ) which was filled out by the participant-teachers' students. The analysis of one-sample T-test indicated that Iranian EFL teachers do not show significantly high level of willingness and conformity to the principles of postmethod pedagogy. In this regard, educational level does not play any significant influence on the teachers' conformity to postmethod principles, determined by the results of one sample T-test having been run on BA and MA teachers' postmethod conformity. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient demonstrated that there is a significant and positive relationship between conformity to postmethod pedagogy principles and professional success. The results offer implications and suggestions for pedagogical consideration within Iranian EFL context.
Unraveling the structure and composition of Varadero Reef, an improbable and imperiled coral reef in the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Pizarro Valeria , Rodríguez Sara C. , López-Victoria Mateo , Zapata Fernando A. , Zea Sven , Galindo-Martínez Claudia T. , Iglesias-Prieto Roberto , Pollock Joseph , Medina Mónica
Published: December 2017

Coral reefs are commonly associated with oligotrophic, well-illuminated waters. In 2013, a healthy coral reef was discovered in one of the least expected places within the Colombian Caribbean: at the entrance of Cartagena Bay, a highly-polluted system that receives industrial and sewage waste, as well as high sediment and freshwater loads from an outlet of the Magdalena River (the longest and most populated river basin in Colombia). Here we provide the first characterization of Varadero Reef’s geomorphology and biological diversity. We also compare these characteristics with those of a nearby reference reef, Barú Reef, located in an area much less influenced by the described polluted system. Below the murky waters, we found high coral cover of 45.1% (±3.9; up to 80% in some sectors), high species diversity, including 42 species of scleractinian coral, 38 of sponge, three of lobster, and eight of sea urchin; a fish community composed of 61 species belonging to 24 families, and the typical zonation of a Caribbean fringing reef. All attributes found correspond to a reef that, according to current standards should be considered in “good condition”. Current plans to dredge part of Varadero threaten the survival of this reef. There is, therefore, an urgent need to describe the location and characteristics of Varadero as a first step towards gaining acknowledgement of its existence and garnering inherent legal and environmental protections.
Limited Carbonate Dissolution by Boring Microflora at Two Volcanically Acidified Temperate Sites: Ischia (Italy, Mediterranean Sea) and Faial (Azores, NE Atlantic Ocean)
Authors: Tribollet A. , Grange J. S. , Parra H. , Rodolfo‐Metalpa R. , Carreiro‐Silva M.
Published: December 2017

In situ effects of ocean acidification on carbonate dissolution by microboring flora, also called biogenic dissolution, have only been studied once in tropical environments. Naturally acidified seawaters due to CO2 vents offer a perfect setting to study these effects in temperate systems. Three sites were selected at Ischia (Italy, Mediterranean Sea) with one experiencing ambient pH and the two others a mean pHT of 7.2 and 7.5. At Faial (Azores, NE Atlantic), one site with ambient pH and one acidified site with a mean pHT of 7.4 were selected. Experiments were carried out during 1.5 months and 6 months in Azores and Ischia, respectively, to determine the effects of OA on microboring communities in various carbonate substrates. Low pH influenced negatively boring microflora development by limiting their depth of penetration and abundance in substrates. Biogenic dissolution was thus reduced by a factor 3 to 7 depending on sites and substrate types. At sites with ambient pH in Faial, biogenic dissolution contributed up to 23% to the total weight loss, while it contributed less than 1% to the total weight loss of substrates at the acidified sites. Most of the dissolution at these sites was due to chemical dissolution (often Ω ≤ 1). Such conditions maintained microboring communities at a pioneer stage with a limited depth of penetration in substrates. Our results, together with previous findings that showed an increase of biogenic dissolution at pH > 7.7, suggest that there is a pH tipping point below which microborer development and thus carbonate biogenic dissolution is strongly limited.