bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La spécialité des professeurs des écoles maternelles au prisme du curriculum d’éducation scientifique et technologique
Authors: Charles Frédéric , Chanoine Céline , Bisault Joël
Published: February 2025

Cet article explore le concept de spécialité dans un double cas particulier : celui des professeurs des écoles maternelles et du domaine prescrit « explorer le monde du vivant, des objets et de la matière ». C’est dans une perspective théorique de didactique du curriculum que des investigations ont été menées à différentes échelles (macro, méso et micro) et niveaux de réalisation (prescrit, envisagé, réalisé) à partir de corpus complémentaires : prescriptions officielles, fiches de préparations, questionnaires et observations en classe. L’analyse de ces corpus permet de caractériser des compétences et des attributs identitaires esquissant des éléments de la spécialité des professeurs des écoles maternelles.
Ensino do futebol para a diversidade dos alunos: um estudo em contexto de estágio em educação física
Authors: Costa Joana Catarina Morais , Ribeiro João , Batista Paula Maria Fazendeiro , Ribeiro Vasco , Fonseca Manuela , Barreira Daniel
Published: February 2025

Este estudo decorreu no contexto de estágio 2022/23 em educação física e teve como objetivo compreender de que forma o ensino a pares pode melhorar os níveis de participação de alunos de nível de desempenho inferior (NDI) em futebol, mais especificamente considerando a estrutura de jogo Gr+4v4+Gr, quando comparados com alunos de nível de desempenho superior (NDS) que não foram submetidos a esta estratégia de ensino. Participaram 24 alunos do 9º ano de escolaridade, divididos em dois grupos, ambos com pelo menos dois alunos de NDS e dois de NDI - grupo experimental (GE) constituído por 10 alunos (4 de NDS e 6 de NDI), e grupo de controlo (GC) com 14 alunos (4 de NDS e 10 NDI). Os jogos realizaram-se em 12 aulas, tendo cada um a duração de 10 minutos, num total de oito. O nível de participação dos alunos nos jogos foi analisado recorrendo à análise de redes sociais. As tarefas atribuídas aos alunos de NDS para ajudarem os alunos de NDI a aumentarem os níveis de participação no jogo revelaram-se eficazes, mas foram os alunos de NDS que evidenciaram níveis de participação superiores.
Class program with buoyancy aid: Effects to the swimming performance of beginners
Authors: Alejandria Warlen Ruzgal
Published: February 2025

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of a six-week class program with buoyancy vest to the performance of swimming beginners. There were 30 female college students (i.e., NExperimental group =15 and NControl group =15), who are swimming beginners (with International Swimming Federation Stage 1 competencies) participated a quasi-experimental study that includes between groups and within each group time series data analyses. The intervention had a duration of six weeks with weekly assessment conducted. Participants underwent the intervention (2 days a week for six weeks, 1 hour per session) and were assessed weekly through a crawl stroke swim-off performance test without buoyancy aid on the second day session of each class week. The Friedman Test was utilized in finding the significant differences in the swimming performance within groups and Mann Whitney U Test was used between groups. Both the control and experimental group showed significant improvement in their swimming distance performance. The beginner-students trained with buoyancy vest performed better than the students trained in traditional program. There was strong evidence that the class program with buoyancy vest is highly effective in improving the performance of swimming beginners. The class program with the buoyancy vest may be adopted by physical education instructors in their swimming classes to maximize time and effort in accomplishing the desired course goals. Similar studies may be conducted with a different set of participants or other swimming strokes.
Mini-Grid Sustainability Framework and its Application to Selected Mini-Grids in Kenya
Authors: Kausya Mourice Wambua , Nyumba Rosebella , Onsongo Elsie Khakasa , Kerr Daniel , Bhattacharyya Subhes
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an indicator-based framework for the sustainability analysis of mini-grids and applies this to a selection of mini-grids in Kenya. Although various frameworks exist, they have been criticised for lack of attention to long-term perspectives, high data needs, prescriptive nature of the attributes and limited user-friendliness. Considering that data availability is a major concern and that data available is qualitative in nature, this paper proposes a set of indicators and a scoring system that can be used with a broad qualitative understanding of the sustainability attributes of the mini-grids. The paper first presents the framework and the scoring system and applies this to the data gathered from the fieldwork in Kenya. The results indicate that the significant variation in sustainability performance of the mini-grids covered and the performance is relatively good in technical and economic dimensions and relatively poor in social, institutional and environmental dimensions.
Enhancing Carbon (iv) Oxide Adsorption from Flue Gas Mixture at Elevated Temperature Using Composite of Nanoparticles
Authors: Ojong Ojong Elias , Benibo Preniyobo Diepriye , Abam Fidelis Ibiang , Samuel Silas Shamaye
Published: February 2025

Chitosan/clay materials derived from periwinkle shells and clay soil at a 50:50 ratio were prepared as adsorbents, characterized, and used for the adsorption of CO2 from flue gas at elevated temperatures (500°C - 5000°C) in a fixed bed column (1.5 m in length and 0.02 m in internal diameter). The flue gas, with a composition of Methane (0.003), Ethane (0.002), Hydrogen (0.05), CO2 (0.15), Water Vapor (0.02), and Nitrogen (0.76), at a pressure of 49 KPa, a temperature of 5000°C, and a flow rate of 75 L/min from the exhaust tank, entered the fixed bed column for the adsorption process, where the adsorbent had already been placed. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of halogen, alcohol, nitro, and amine compounds in the nanoparticles, indicating a strong affinity for CO2 particles in the flue gas. Additional analysis showed the presence of elements (Ca, Si, Al, and Sr) in significant compositions (0.470, 0.202, 0.186, and 0.092, respectively), suggesting that the adsorbent was resistant to high temperatures. X-ray diffraction analysis of the adsorbent identified Ca(OH)₂, CaCO₃, and TiO₂ with compositions of 0.78, 0.19, and 0.026, respectively, further confirming the strong affinity of the adsorbent for CO2. Surface morphology analysis revealed that the adsorbent’s surface was rough and contained a variety of pores or holes with different capacities, indicating that more CO2 was captured and accommodated within the surface. Thermal analysis using the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda method showed that the adsorbent could withstand high temperatures of up to 9000°C. At this temperature, the adsorbent accounted for only about 18% of the material that entered the fixed bed column for adsorption, but 100% of it could remain active within the temperature range of 0°C - 3000°C. The characterization of the adsorbent showed that a pore width of 5.283 nm, a pore diameter of 2.64 nm, a micropore surface area of 434.7 m²/g, a pore volume of 0.202 cc/g, and a porosity of 56.73% were the optimal values for the adsorbent. Finally, it was revealed that 95% of CO2 was adsorbed at optimal conditions within the temperature range of 500°C - 3500°C, time range of 0.5 - 5 hours, and bed height range of 1 - 6 cm.
Predictive Modelling for Optimizing Wind Turbine Performance and Structural Health Monitoring: Adapting Turkish SCADA Data for Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Siyanbola Sikiru Abdulganiyu , Oluwatade Olamide Mercy , Okafor Emmanuel Emeka
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the application of AI-enhanced structural health monitoring (SHM) systems to predict and optimize the performance and reliability of wind turbines in Sub-Saharan Africa power generation. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems data from a Turkish wind turbine were leveraged to develop a predictive model using the eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. Wind speed data from the Turkish wind turbine was substituted with wind speed data of some selected locations in Sub-Saharan Africa (Katsina, Nigeria; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Dakar, Senegal; and Cape Town, South Africa). The performance of the models was evaluated using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and the coefficient of determination (R²). The findings show a 0.95% decrease in predicted power output for all the selected locations. The adapted model achieved a MAPE of 1.1% for Addis Ababa, 1.25% for both Cape Town and Katsina, and 1.17% for Dakar, while achieving a high R² of 0.96 for all the locations, indicating high predictive accuracy. In scenarios with high wind speed, Dakar has the highest prediction of 3691.09kW, achieving a 1.03% increase compared to Turkey with a predicted power output of 3583.69kW. Cape Town achieved better prediction accuracy, with a MAPE of 0.78% and R² of 0.98, while yielding a power output of 3545.67 kW. The model achieved F1-Score, Accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and selectivity scores of 99.87%, 99.75%, 99.93%, 99.81%, and 4.85% respectively. This study shows there is vast potential for employing machine learning models in enhancing the operational efficiency of wind turbines. Future study is recommended to incorporate local SCADA data across different wind farms in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Design and Assessing the Effectiveness of Solar Disinfection Systems in Treating Rooftop Harvested Rainwater for Sanitation and Hygiene Purposes in Rural Maternal Health Facilities
Authors: Mussa Desire C. , Mbewe Peter Binali , Mcguigan Kevin G. , Kambala Christabel Yollandah
Published: February 2025

Malawi is among the Sub-Saharan African countries with abundant solar energy resources, mainly used for electrification, water pumping, and domestic water heating in rural and urban communities. More than 85% of Malawi’s population is based in remote rural areas, where the majority depend on untreated water that can compromise their health. This study aimed to design an improved Solar Disinfection (SODIS) system for microbial disinfection of harvested rainwater at rural healthcare facilities in Malawi, supplementing the United Nations’ efforts to accelerate SDG 6 through SDG 7. The results accomplished the 0 MPN/100 ml E. coli and 0 MPN/100 ml Total coliform water disinfection using solar UV radiation. Despite the focus on clean water for sanitation and hygiene in maternal healthcare facilities, the study achieved the water quality recommended by the World Health Organization’s and Malawi Bureau of Standards’ drinking water requirements.
Off-Grid Renewable Energy Solutions for Agro-Rural Community Development in Nigeria
Authors: Nwazor Nkolika O. , Aguni Julius N. , Okeke Remigius O.
Published: February 2025

Nigeria fondly regarded as the ‘Giant of Africa′ is the most populous country in Africa and the largest economy on the continent. However, despite the abundance of renewable energy sources, Nigeria has been identified as one of the countries with the largest energy access deficit in the world. This study therefore sought to elucidate various off-grid renewable energy opportunities that could be harnessed to engender rural electrification. The study adopted an exploratory research methodology to identify tenable off-grid renewable energy solutions that could address the prevailing energy deficit in Nigerian agro-rural communities. This study found that off-grid renewable energy solutions such as solar, biomass, hydro and wind technologies are cost-effective alternative energy sources with immense potential to enhance agro-rural community development in Nigeria significantly.
Performance Analysis of a Photovoltaic System with Thermoelectric Generator and Phase Change Material: An Experimental Approach
Authors: Okamkpa Tobechukwu , Okechukwu Joshua , Mbachu Divine , Mgbemene Chigbo
Published: February 2025

This study explores the integration of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and phase change materials (PCMs) to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panels in high-temperature conditions. An AP-PM-20 Polycrystalline PV panel, SP-1848-27145 Bismuth Telluride TEG, and paraffin wax PCM in an aluminum container were used. Four configurations were tested: standalone PV, PV-PCM, PV-TEG-PCM, and PV-PCM-TEG, under identical conditions from 10:30 AM to 6:00 PM at 25-minute intervals. Data on PV and TEG voltage, current, and solar irradiance were collected and analyzed. The results show significant performance improvements: the PV-PCM configuration achieved a 68.04% increase in power generation, while the PV-PCM-TEG and PV-TEG-PCM setups recorded efficiency gains of 43.06% and 37.51%, respectively. Efficiency gains relative to the standalone PV system were 33.33% for PV-PCM, 25.76% for PV-PCM-TEG, and 21.21% for PV-TEG-PCM. The results demonstrate that integrating TEG and PCM technologies significantly enhances solar PV performance and offers promising solutions for optimizing solar energy systems in real-world conditions.
Design and Analysis of a Supercritical Metal-Water Reactor for Hydrogen Gas Production
Authors: Igwe Chijindu Ikechukwu , Eze Paschal Chizuruoke , Eze Miracle Izuchukwu
Published: February 2025

In this study, a supercritical metal-water reactor for hydrogen production was designed, simulated, and analysed. As the world urgently seeks to transition towards sustainable energy, hydrogen stands out as a pivotal solution in this shift. This project aims to fill knowledge gaps related to the transition to supercritical conditions through comprehensive analysis, thereby contributing to the advancement of clean energy technologies. Mechanical and thermal properties suitable for a supercritical metal-water reactor were modelled and simulated in SolidWorks 2022, utilizing plots and mesh results. The reactor was designed to produce hydrogen gas and metal oxide as by-products, with the hydrogen gas being released through a pressure relief valve. The reactor cylinder, made of Ti-6AL-4V, was found suitable for operation at a constant pressure of 25 MPa and a temperature of 380°C. The reactor wall was observed to buckle at pressures exceeding 27 MPa and temperatures above 144,000°C, which are beyond the design conditions. The elastic limit of the cylinder was determined to be 868 MPa, and its ultimate tensile strength was 1,258 MPa, with fracture occurring at 620 MPa. The average damage percentage was calculated to be 0.001%, and the total lifecycle was estimated at 10,000,000 cycles. The integrity of the reactor designed for supercritical states was found to be structurally sound. Detailed insights into the effects of pressure and temperature on the selected material were analysed, enhancing understanding of the reactor's performance under various conditions.
Decarbonisation in the Transport Sector of Ghana Using Autogas
Authors: Osei Janet Appiah , Adamou Rabani , Kabo-Bah Amos T. , Narra Satyanarayana
Published: February 2025

Decarbonisation is instrumental in attaining sustainable mobility. To actualize the Ghana Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) set emission reduction target of 15% relative to Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario by 2030, sustainable transport actions should be encouraged. Thus, promoting the use of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) in automobiles is very crucial to ensure efficient and green mobility. Nonetheless, existing policies in Ghana overlook autogas (LPG/CNG) as prospective decarbonizing solution in the transport sector. The study employed survey analysis and analytical modeling approach to elicit the benign effects of autogas in the transport sector using Accra as a case study. The ecological, economic and social dimensions of autogas were expatiated to extrapolate effective measures to facilitate their smooth implementation. Survey was carried out in the central business district of Accra to attain the percentage of autogas and gasoline used by taxis operators for the first time per author’s knowledge. A purposive sample of 500 taxi drivers was selected and data analysis was conducted using R statistical package. From the survey, 14% of taxis were powered with LPG whilst 86% were gasoline, however, the LPG-powered taxis were retrofitted gasoline engine vehicles. The analytical model was based on physics principles involving three resistance forces- aerodynamic, rolling resistance and inertia. CO2 emission savings of 29% and 18.4% were elicited from the use of CNG and LPG relative to gasoline fuel at the end of the simulation using the ambient conditions in Accra. Thus, use of autogas will limit global warming impact and aid the country to fulfill its pledged emission target by 2030. The government is entreated to regulate autogas use in the transport sector and increase its patronage by promoting flexible policies like meager custom duty on imported CNG/LPG vehicles as well as tax credits.
The Impact of Protective Devices on Photovoltaic (PV) System Performance and Installation
Authors: Praise Cyril Francis , Adesina Rukayat Olubunmi , Sall Abubakarr
Published: February 2025

The integration of photovoltaic systems into energy grids has been very common in recent times since more renewable forms of energy are sought after. Reliability and safety are among the most essential concerns that have to be considered for the deployment and operation of such systems. There have been some very conspicuous failures of protective devices in recent installations, leading to huge damage to solar equipment and an estimation of millions of Naira in repair and maintenance costs. The said incidents further underscore the need for technical competency in PV system installations as well as good-quality protective component acquisition. This study examines the critical role of protective devices in photovoltaic (PV) systems, focusing on their impact on system reliability, operational safety, and financial implications. A survey of industry professionals revealed that the major causes of device failures are overvoltage and poor-quality devices. Similarly, Circuit Breakers and Surge Protectors top the list of devices affected by failures. Critical system shutdowns take up 50% of the resultant consequences of failures, deteriorated performance, and safety hazards. Surprisingly, 65% of those who responded reported financial losses due to the failures, estimated at 45% between N100,000 and N500,000, while 15% had losses above N500,000. The study recommends high-quality protective devices be installed, installation and maintenance be standardized, and predictive maintenance/remote monitoring technologies be adopted to improve reliability and early fault detection. The long-term performance of devices in varying environmental conditions and the economic benefit of using durable, high-quality components are to be focused on further for research. These findings also put forward actionable suggestions to better ensure the PV system resilience for all stakeholders, thereby reducing their financial risks and ensuring the continued growth of the solar energy infrastructure in a reliable manner.
Lights Late to Gleam: A Critical Reading of “Unlighted Lamps” by Sherwood Anderson from a Buddhist Perspective
Authors: Fonseka E. A. Gamini
Published: February 2025

The American author Sherwood Anderson’s (1876-1941) “Unlighted Lamps” implies metaphorically that the two protagonists, Dr Lester Cochran and his daughter Mary, remain unlighted lamps throughout their eighteen-year coexistence because the element of truth fails to ignite between them enlightenment, mutuality, sympathy, and intimacy. He portrays images of light struggling to emerge through heavy layers of darkness to symbolically demonstrate the grotesque challenges faced by truth in its pervasion in the absence of robust means of communication. This helps to exemplify his philosophy that successful personal relationships work only based on the correct perception of the truth. Dr Cochran’s behaviour that parallels with the Buddhist teachings of reality is too ambiguous to the world around. Therefore, Mary Cochran becomes an eternal victim of scandalous misidentifications and fabrications about her mother made by the rumour-driven Huntersburg community. According to Buddhism, life is circumstantial, all entities, animate or inanimate, are impermanent, and moreover, each moment life changes, and dwelling on histories is meaningless, as everything ends up in being a memory. In that respect, according to Buddhism, Dr Cochran’s equanimity towards his wife Ellen, first as his patient, then as his wife, and later as an individual seeking her freedom, remains intact, as it professes that life is a delusion and one cannot claim or possess anything one encounters in life. Analysing his recluse demeanour from a Buddhist perspective, the paper strives to defend his character from popular misconceptions and justify his behaviour as acceptable based on his frequent exposure to suffering as a conscientious gynaecologist.
Viral diversity and seasonal variation in acute respiratory infection in patients at Teaching Hospital, Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Authors: Pradeepan J. A. , Selvaratnam G. , Vathulan S. , Pathmanathan D.
Published: February 2025

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Knowledge and practices on handling of sharps among healthcare workers of two hospitals in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayarathna S. P. G. K. K. , Liyanage S. R. , Senadeera S. P. N. N. , Yapa B. M. C. R. Wimalasiri , Kudagammana H. D. W. S.
Published: February 2025

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Nasal colonisation of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in preschool children attending selected immunisation clinics, Kandy, Sri Lanka
Authors: Handapangoda H. M. N. P. , Ruwansiri L. P. A. L. P. , Dissanayake U. P. R. U. , Kudagammana S. T. , Dissanayake B. N. , Liyanapathirana L. V. C.
Published: February 2025

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Investigation of anti-inflammatory effect of Cinnamomum verum and Piper nigrum extracts against Escherichia coli induced inflammation in zebrafish model
Authors: Dissanayake D. M. C. B. , Molagoda I. M. N. , Hettiarachi S.
Published: February 2025

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Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Camellia sinensis (green tea) extract against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Mufeena M. M. F. , Wathooth A. M. A. , Ashra M. R. F. , Gnanakarunyan T. J. , Mafras F. S. S. , Jayatilake J. A. M. S. , Ramachandran R. , Thayalini T.
Published: February 2025

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Preliminary study comparing smear and standard tuberculosis culture to GeneXpert MTB/Rif Ct categories in pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples in a local laboratory setting
Authors: Galahitiyawa K. , Randeni S. , Sirimanna S. , Kumara A. , Karunathilake R. , Dissanayake T. , Jayaweera S. , Amarasinghe K. , Priyadarshini S. , Madegedara D. , Peiris M. , Mendis C. , Ratnatunga C. N.
Published: February 2025

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Study of urine samples received for culture, and sensitivity patterns of the urinary pathogens at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Hewage T. N. , Weerasooriya B. W. M. S. B. , Dayarathne R. M. K. M. , Kudagammana H. D. W. S.
Published: February 2025

NA
Bacterial diversity in water distributed under intermittent water supply
Authors: Gunawardana E. G. W. , Bandarawaththa B. G. D. S. , Sato Yukuto , Toma Claudia , Gamage C. D. , Makehelwala M. , Weragoda S. K. , Weerasooriya R.
Published: February 2025

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Molecular detection of the spotted fever group rickettsial DNA in ticks in the Central Province of Sri Lanka
Authors: Ariyarathne S. , Eremeeva M. E. , Kularatne S. A. M. , Nazeem A. M. , Perera P. , Dangolla A. , Rajakaruna R.
Published: February 2025

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Preliminary and potential effect of curd on management of uncomplicated urinary tract infections - A case report
Authors: Gunasekera G. C. S.
Published: February 2025

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Alternate substrate formula for mushroom cultivation by utilizing coir waste
Authors: Rafaya R. , Jeyagowri N.
Published: February 2025

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Effectiveness and safety of an emergency department-based rapid response system
Authors: Delfanti Fanny , Bertolini Guido , Nattino Giovanni , Acquistapace Giulia , De Palma Daniela , Ferrari Piergiuseppe , Martinenghi Sara , Maiandi Stefano , Rossi Marco , Ruocco Anna Lilia , Spina Maria Teresa , Chiodi Benedetta , Paglia Stefano
Published: February 2025

Rapid Response Systems (RRSs) are designed to assist hospitalized patients who become unstable, aiming to address “failure to rescue” and prevent cardiac arrests. Despite global implementation, evidence of RRS effectiveness is controversial. This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of an RRS at Maggiore Hospital in Lodi, Italy, focusing on the Medical Emergency Team (MET) organization. The RRS at Maggiore Hospital was established in 2017 using the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) for monitoring. The MET, consisting of an emergency physician and one nurse, operates from 8:00 PM to 8:00 AM. Data from 2014-2019, divided into PRE (2014-2016) and POST (2017-2019) periods, were analyzed. The primary outcomes were unplanned ICU transfers and in-hospital mortality. A difference-in-differences (DiD) design compared outcomes in MET and non-MET wards before and after RRS implementation. Hospitalizations were similar in the PRE and POST periods. A significant reduction in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) transfers was observed overall (0.26%, p=0.005), but not in mortality (0.10%, p=0.47). Both MET and non-MET wards showed reduced ICU transfers, but the decrease was statistically significant only in MET wards. DiD analysis showed no significant reductions in either ICU transfer (p=0.77) or mortality rates (p=0.15) between MET and non-MET wards. The RRS at Maggiore Hospital effectively reduced ICU transfers without increasing mortality, demonstrating its safety. The MET organization did not significantly impact ICU transfers compared to non-MET wards. Further studies should explore additional measures of clinical deterioration to fully assess the impact of RRS.
Cardiac involvement of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: new light among the shadows of an old congenital disorder
Authors: Celeski Mihail , Segreti Andrea , Nusca Annunziata , Di Gioia Giuseppe , Rinaldi Raffaele , Ussia Gian Paolo , Grigioni Francesco
Published: February 2025

Mutations in the PTCH1, PTCH2, or SUFU genes cause the hereditary, autosomal dominant Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS), which is characterized by high penetrance and variable expressivity. Although its clinical manifestations are primarily marked by multiple basal cell carcinomas, other endocrine, neurological, ophthalmologic, genital, and respiratory alterations have been reported in the literature. Despite the association with cardiac fibromas, cardiovascular involvement is rarely reported. Here, we present a case of a patient with myocarditis of unknown origin, later diagnosed with GGS. We discuss the potential underlying mechanisms of this association, emphasizing the importance of recognizing cardiac manifestations in GGS individuals.
Stress and Stressor of Women: A Cross-sectional Study from Rural Population in Central India
Authors: Solanki Ranjan , Khan Mubashshera F. , Wangaskar Sneha A. , Deshmukh Pradeep R.
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

A meta-analysis of gender differences in depression using nationally representative samples in the USA found that twice as many women as men are depressed. Mental distress is a leading cause of health-related burden for the Indian population, which is aggravated by a high prevalence of socioeconomic adversity such as physical and sexual abuse, poverty, low education, and gender inequality. The index study was conducted to assess the prevalence and determinants of psychological distress among women in central rural India.

Methodology:

The data presented in the index article are a baseline assessment done as part of the community-based pragmatic cluster trial. The study was conducted in the catchment area of three primary health centers, Bela, Borkhedi, and Panchgaon, in the district of Nagpur, Maharashtra. Furthermore, 1050 women members of self-help groups in the district of Nagpur comprised the study population.

Result:

The mean age of the women was 38.2 years (standard deviation [SD]: 9.8). Around 987 (94%) women have attained primary education, and 52% of the participants were engaged in some occupation. Around half of the men and 10% of the women had the habit of daily tobacco chewing. Around 58.6% of participants’ husbands had the habit of drinking alcohol. 62.5% of the female participants were experiencing very high psychological distress. Lower socioeconomic status (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.1 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1–4.0]), comorbid condition (AOR = 2.0 [95% CI: 1.2–3.3]), marital status of women (single, widowed, divorced) (AOR = 3.4 [95% CI: 1.2–9.4]), and experiencing domestic violence (AOR = 4.7 [95% CI: 1.9–11.2]) were significantly associated with high psychological distress in multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion:

The high prevalence of psychological distress among women and its significant association with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and thyroid disorder hints us to incorporate the mechanism to screen for stress routinely at the health and wellness center under Ayushman Bharat, along with other risk factors for non-communicable disease.
Five-year Trends in Various Communicable Diseases Reported under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program during 2014–2019 in Puducherry
Authors: Sivaranjini K , Roy Durgesh , Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Lakshmansamy Ravivarman , Vissvesvaran Srividya , Ragunathan G , Thulasingam Mahalakshmy , Kar Sitanshu S.
Published: February 2025

The current study aimed to determine the trend in the incidence of various communicable diseases reported under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP) in Puducherry. This record-based study obtained disease details in terms of the number of suspected cases reported, tested, and positive for the selected diseases reported under IDSP from 2015 to 2019. Dengue disease has shown a recent declining trend in the number of cases and test positivity (7.2% in 2015 to 5.2% in 2019), and there has been a steady increase in the burden of Chikungunya over the years (4.1% in 2015 to 12.6% in 2019). Malaria has been controlled well in Puducherry, but the testing rate was only 3%–4%, well below the national recommendation of testing 10% of the total population. In 2018, there was a recent increase in influenza cases, with test positivity reaching up to 21%. The study unveils valuable insights into communicable diseases in Puducherry, highlighting the fluctuating burden of vector-borne, water-borne, and influenza infections.
Implementation of Community-Centric Medical Education through Family Adoption Program: Descriptive Results from Coastal Karnataka
Authors: Eshwari K , Mallya Sneha D. , Kumar Ashwini , Rao Chythra R. , Sekar Akshaya , Das Shyamashree
Published: February 2025

Background:

National Medical Commission (NMC), in their recent notification, included Family Adoption Program (FAP) in the undergraduate curriculum to provide a learning opportunity for community-based health care to Indian Medical Graduates.

Materials and Methods:

As part of FAP, 1000 families living in rural areas of the district were approached. During house-to-house visits, students were accompanied by facilitators, and each student adopted four to five families from the villages. Students were trained regarding data collection tools, which included questions assessing sociodemographic characteristics, awareness, and utilization of various social security schemes. Paper-based data collection and data entry were performed using Google Forms. Geotagging of houses was conducted to facilitate follow-up visits.

Results:

A total of 768 households were surveyed, which included 3,238 residents with female predominance (51.9%). A significant proportion (59.9%) of the population were in the economically productive age group (20-60 years), with 38.1% educated up to secondary education (8th to 12th standard). Nearly half of respondents were aware of widow pension, Old age pension scheme, Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana, whereas the level of awareness was less than 50 percent for Bhagyalakshmi Scheme for girl child (44.7%) and Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (42.6%). Awareness regarding schemes for Maternal & Child Health and Disability was less, and for the Manaswini scheme, it was low. However, all the schemes were severely underutilized (28%–0.4%). The overall prevalence of any one chronic morbidity was found to be 18.4%, with hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the most common morbidities.

Conclusions:

FAP gives a new perspective to medical education in India by transforming existing hospital-based medical learning to a community-centered approach.
Fostering Wellness in Medical Education: A Mixed Method Study of Stress, Isolation, and Coping among Undergraduate Students in India
Authors: Murugan Yogesh , Dave Anjali , Patel Shubham , Ram Rohitkumar
Published: February 2025

Background:

Medical school is a demanding environment that can negatively impact student well-being. This study aimed to evaluate stress, social isolation, associated factors, and student experiences among Indian undergraduates.

Methods:

A mixed method study was conducted at a medical college in Gujarat during January–March 2023. The 458 participants completed validated scales measuring stress (GHQ-12) and social isolation (LSNS-R). Associations with sociodemographics were analyzed using logistic regression and ANOVA tests. A qualitative phenomenological arm employed semi-structured interviews with 30 purposively sampled students to explore experiences and perceptions.

Results:

Over 50% of students reported significant stress, rising with seniority (35% to 38.4% from first to second year). Social isolation was also higher in third years (41%) versus first years (17.5%). Females, rural students, and single children were more affected. Interviews revealed key stressors, such as academics, lack of recreation, and difficult transition to clinics. Impacts included anxiety, reduced motivation, and headaches. Coping methods were family contact and leisure activities. Students suggested curricular reforms, upgrading facilities, and support services.

Conclusion:

Alarmingly high stress and isolation exist among Indian medical undergraduates, necessitating urgent interventions like mentoring programs, life-skills training, and enhanced student support services to promote well-being. A nurturing academic environment must be fostered.
Navigating the Surgical Landscape of Recurrent Carotid Body Tumors: Insights from a Case with Review of Literature
Authors: Poornima P , Venkatesh Narra Naga , Jena Shubhranshu , Mahapatra Sandeep
Published: February 2025

Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms originating from chemoreceptive paraganglia at the carotid bifurcation. While most CBTs are benign and slow-growing, recurrence after surgical resection can present significant clinical challenges due to altered anatomy and neurovascular involvement. This case report details the management of a 31-year-old woman with a left sided recurrent carotid body tumour (rCBT) – Shamblin III type. Preoperative imaging, including ultrasound, cerebral angiography, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography, confirmed the presence of a mass encasing the carotid vessels. Surgical resection was performed, requiring carotid artery reconstruction with an autologous great saphenous vein graft. The patient recovered without neurological deficits, underscoring the importance of meticulous surgical planning and vascular reconstruction in recurrent cases.
Influence of photodynamic and sonodynamic disinfection on the bond strength of caries-affected dentin bonded to three different tooth-colored restorative materials: A comparative study
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Raj Shalya , Nikhil Vineeta , Mishra Preeti , Ravider Rohit
Published: February 2025

Aim and Objectives:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of photodynamic and sonodynamic disinfection on the bond strength of caries-affected dentin bonded to three different restorative materials, i.e. Cention N, RMGIC, and Synergy D6.

Methods:

One hundred and eight carious and 18 noncarious teeth were collected, ground to expose affected dentin, and were arbitrarily allocated into 12 groups (n = 9). Fifty-four samples were disinfected with photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the other half with sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Samples were further randomly subdivided based on photosensitizers used methylene blue (M) (100 mg/ml) or indocyanine green (I) (500 mg/ml). Each sample was bonded to Cention N (C)/RMGIC (R)/Synergy D6 (S) and was subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) testing. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, post hoc Tukey, and unpaired t-test and the level of significance was established at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

All tested materials showed the highest SBS with SDT irrespective to the dye used. Indocyanine green enhanced the SBS of all tested materials compared to methylene blue (P < 0.05) (photodynamic indocyanine Synergy D6 vs. photodynamic methylene Synergy D6 = 8.61, 7.16; photodynamic indocyanine RMGIC vs. photodynamic methylene RMGIC = 4.95, 4.06; photodynamic indocyanine Cention N vs. photodynamic methylene Cention N = 6.44, 5.56 and sonodynamic indocyanine Synergy D6 vs. sonodynamic methylene Synergy D6 = 9.52, 8.53; sonodynamic indocyanine RMGIC vs. sonodynamic methylene RMGIC = 9.75, 5.37; sonodynamic indocyanine Cention N vs. sonodynamic methylene Cention N = 7.48, 6.44).

Conclusion:

Besides their antimicrobial action, PDT and SDT techniques can augment the bond strength of carious dentin with restorative material. Nanocomposites bond stronger postdisinfection as compared to RMGIC and Cention N.
Comparative evaluation of root canal disinfection efficacy of three different endodontic irrigants using EndoVac: An in vitro bioluminescence-assisted study
Authors: Yasin Sohail , Nirupama D. N. , Nainan Mohan Thomas , Naveen D. N. , Vijay R. , Thomas Helen
Published: February 2025

Aim:

To compare and evaluate root canal disinfection efficacy of three different endodontic irrigants 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 2% alexidine (ALX) using negative pressure irrigation (NPI) system with EndoVac and syringe irrigation (SI) against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy single-rooted mandibular premolars were decoronated, enlarged up to F4, autoclaved, and inoculated with E. faecalis for 21 days. The samples were divided into seven groups (n = 10) according to the protocol of disinfection: G1: 2.5% NaOCl + NPI, G2: 2.5% NaOCl + SI, G3: 2% CHX + NPI, G4: 2% CHX + SI, G5: 2% ALX + NPI, G6: 2% ALX + SI, and G7: no irrigation (positive control group). Adenosine triphosphate Assay was performed using luminometer for relative luminescence units (RLU) before and after the irrigation protocol.

Statistical Analysis:

One-way ANOVA test followed by Dunn’s post hoc and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test analysis was performed (P < 0.05).

Results and Conclusion:

G1 (7.90 ± 6.03) and G2 (2.90 ± 1.79) exhibited the least mean RLU values with no significant difference among them. It was noted that G5 (32.30 ± 7.92) performed better than G6 (14.20 ± 4.05) significantly (P < 0.008). G3 (27.70 ± 7.85) and G4 (28.50 ± 6.62) irrespective of irrigation protocols did not show significant differences in disinfection efficacy. Irrespective of irrigation protocol used, all the 3 irrigants exhibited a decrease in RLU values. In our study, EndoVac irrigation system did not improve the disinfection efficacy of the irrgiants.
Comparative evaluation of sealing potential of mineral trioxide aggregate, biodentine, and bio-C repair in furcation perforations: A glucose penetration study
Authors: Shetty Ashwija , Sultana Hajira Anjum , Srirekha A. , Champa C. , Pal Suditi , Sahithi V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Furcation perforation is a common dental issue that can result in substantial tooth loss if not repaired with a material that effectively seals the area. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine have been previously studied for their sealing capabilities, but Bio-C Repair is a relatively new material that is yet to be evaluated. This study sought to compare and evaluate the sealing potential of MTA, Biodentine, and Bio-C Repair as furcation perforation repair materials using the glucose penetration method.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five mandibular molars were sectioned 3 mm above the cementoenamel junction. Access openings were prepared, and intentional perforations were created in the pulpal floor using a round bur. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups of 15. Group 1 was repaired with MTA, Group 2 with Biodentine, and Group 3 with Bio-C Repair. The sealing potential was evaluated using a glucose penetration test. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:

The test results demonstrated that glucose penetration was significantly least in Group 3 (1.5313), followed by Group 1 (8.2208) and highest in Group 2 (8.5622) at P < 0.001.

Conclusions:

Within the study’s limitations, Bio-C Repair exhibited the best sealing ability for furcation perforations, followed by MTA and then Biodentine. Therefore, Bio-C Repair could be a suitable alternative to MTA and Biodentine for repairing furcal perforations.
Retrieval of separated instrument lodged in the extraradicular region using looping device – A report of two cases
Authors: Koteeswaran Vishnupriya , Vasudevan Aishwarya , Natanasabapathy Velmurugan , Balasubramanian Hemalatha P , Sivalingam Rajeswari
Published: February 2025

Intracanal separation of endodontic instruments is a common iatrogenic error that can be successfully managed by various instrument retrieval techniques. However, separation in an aberrant perforation site occurs rarely and it is challenging to assess and retrieve. This report of two cases elaborates the successful retrieval of extraradicularly separated instruments using a looping device in difficult clinical scenarios. The teeth were subsequently restored to function with the aid of dental operating microscope, diode laser, and deep margin elevation followed by suitable postendodontic rehabilitation.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of nitrofurantoin and triple antibiotic paste on the push-out bond strength of epoxy resin sealer: An in vitro study
Authors: Nair Rashmi , Khandelwal Shruti , Gohil Chitra , Maurya Neetu , Parakh Shrikant , Nawale Akanksha
Published: February 2025

Context:

Following chemomechanical preparation, the application of intracanal medicaments is recommended to further decrease the microbial count. To combat endodontic infections, the application of antibiotics as intracanal medicaments has been an option for years in endodontics.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the effect of antibiotic pastes on the push-out bond strength (POBS) of resin-based root canal sealer.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-eight extracted single-rooted teeth were used after decoronation to a standardized root length of 15 mm. Canals were enlarged up to size F3 using Protaper rotary instruments. Samples were randomly divided into three groups according to the intracanal medicament used. Group A: Nitrofurantoin (NIT) Paste, Group B: Triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and Group C: Control group (without intracanal dressing). After removal of the medicament (endoactivator), obturation was done with AH Plus sealer. Push-out bond strength was calculated using universal testing machine.

Statistical Analysis:

Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey and Kruskal–Wallis test (with a significance level of P < 0.05).

Results:

Compared to the control group, the POBS significantly increased after using intracanal medicaments with P < 0.05 (The results showed that the mean bond strength of TAP was highest, closely followed by NIT and least with the control group).

Conclusion:

Under the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the use of TAP and NIT increases the POBS of the Epoxy Resin Sealer.
Tornado Effect—Ultimate Apically Extruded Fragment Retrieval Technique
Authors: Kumar Susheel , Gowri Nadipalli S. , Rodda Rajashekhar , Sinha Avinash , Sowki Niharika , Kiran Kanumuri P.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Separation of instruments can occur during routine endodontic treatment in the canal, thereby preventing thorough cleaning and shaping. The success rate of fractured instrument retrieval mainly depends on three factors 1. length of the instrument, 2. inclination of the canal, and 3. size of the fractured instrument. Many advanced techniques and methods can be used to recover the separated instruments but these techniques may not be suitable in all clinical situations one such scenario is extruded fragment (File or GP) beyond the apex where the availability of cutting-edge equipment is needed, this article emphasizes on understanding the various factors that contribute to extruded instrument retrieval and its outcome, on the other hand, also focuses on different instrumental techniques for retrieving extruded files over the apex.
Impact of Nurse-Led Digital Education on Perimenopausal Women’s Perception and Practices for Osteoporosis Prevention
Authors: Periyasamy Umamaheswari , Ethiraj Theranirajan , Rajendran Shankar Shanmugam , Tamilselvi Palani , Elumalai Ghercy , Subbaiya Saranya , Arumugam Sumathy
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Osteoporosis represents a significant public health challenge for perimenopausal women, primarily due to hormonal changes, although awareness remains very low. This highlights the need for effective education interventions. Digital health education, especially those led by nurses, can enhance knowledge and practice through content that is specifically tailored and interactive.

Objective:

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a nurse-led digital education program in enhancing osteoporosis prevention knowledge and practices among perimenopausal women.

Results:

Using a quasi-experimental research design with a sample of 100 participants, the intervention led to significant improvements in the treatment group. Knowledge increased from 32.40% to 66.46%, and practices improved from 42.40% to 73.40%, compared to the control, which showed fewer changes.

Conclusion:

The results support the use of digital education in community healthcare to address knowledge gaps on osteoporosis prevention. Future interventions should consider demographic factors to improve effectiveness.