bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF MARKETING MIX AT KHANSA FOOD DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Utami Sri Sari , Widowati Rahayu
Published: August 2024

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in the Indonesian economy by raising the economic level of the general public, alleviating poverty, and earning foreign exchange for the country. The Covid 19 pandemic has had a significant economic impact in Indonesia. Khansa Food has been able to survive and rise from the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic by utilizing the resources available to them. The implementation of the marketing mix strategy at Khansa Food is critical to the company's long-term viability. The right marketing mix combination is a means to maintain, expand, and increase company profits. The objective of this study was to determine how the marketing mix was implemented at Khansa Food. The descriptive qualitative research method was used, with primary and secondary data. The study's findings that Khansa Food's combination of product, price, location, and promotion is well-defined. Khansa Food's products are of high quality and are standardized. Prices are kept competitive, and customers can purchase products either online or in-store. Online promotions and various exhibitions have been programmed. There is always room for improvement to boost business performance. According to the research findings, online sales can be increased in order to reach a larger market. Increased online promotion via social media can be used as a low-cost alternative promotion. Manufacturers must adapt to online promotions and sales due to changes in consumer behavior toward online transactions. The enhancements are expected to benefit Khansa Food's business in both the short and long term.
Prediction and Mapping of Potential Bioactive Peptide from Traditional Fermented Anchovy (Rusip) using Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Kurnianto Muhammad Alfid , Syahbanu Fathma , Hamidatun Hamidatun , Sanjaya Yushinta Aristina
Published: August 2024

Bioactive peptides can be obtained from various sources, one of which is a fermented food. Rusip is a traditional Indonesian fermented food made from anchovy (Stolephorus spp.), which has the potential as a source of bioactive peptides. Currently, conventional approaches (in-vivo and in-vitro) are still widely used in the analysis of bioactive peptides, although this method is laborious, costly, and time-consuming. A new approach, bioinformatics, has allowed faster and more efficient analysis. This study aimed to predict, identify, and map the potential of bioactive peptides produced from rusip using the bioinformatics approach. Simulations of proteolysis of anchovy parent proteins (actin, myosin, troponin, tropomyosin a-chain, and tropomyosin b-chain) with PeptideCutter using two different groups of enzymes (simulations type I and II) showed that the more enzymes that play a role in proteolysis, the less the number of peptide fragments formed. Identification of the bioactivity of peptide fragments using the BIOPEP-UWM database revealed that the peptide fragment from actin cleavage using simulation 1 has the most significant percentage of bioactive peptides (91.55%). The occurrence frequency analysis also revealed that the bioactivity was anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and antioxidant for each target protein, and the simulation had the highest probability of occurrence. The results of this study indicate that Indonesian fermented anchovy 'rusip' has high bioactivity potential and can be part of a healthy diet that can prevent non-communicable diseases.
Evaluation of self-healing in reactive powder concrete with urea–formaldehyde/epoxy microcapsules
Authors: Khosravi Hossein , Mehrazin Effat , Lezgy-Nazargah Mojtaba
Published: August 2024

The use of microcapsules as preservative vessels for healing materials has led to a great revolution in the repair of materials. Microcapsules have been used in medicine, agriculture, metallurgy and mechanics. In civil engineering applications, microcapsules are usually used for the self-healing of concrete, asphalt and cementitious materials. Concrete and cement are widely used in civil engineering and are the predominant construction materials worldwide. The objective of this study was to design and produce urea–formaldehyde microcapsules for the recovery of reactive powder concrete (RPC). It was found that RPC specimens with and without microcapsules exhibited different behaviours. All of the RPC specimens containing microcapsules were found to have lower strengths than specimens without microcapsules. The smallest reductions in compressive strength were observed in specimens with a microcapsule content of 4–6% by weight of cement. The healing ratio of compressive strength increased with an increase in the weight percentage of microcapsules. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to observe the process of crack healing, and the results showed that the cracks were filled with healing products.
Algorithms for Distance-based Topological Indices for Zero Divisor Graphs of Commutative Rings with Primes
Authors: K Elahi
Published: August 2024

Mathematical solutions are sometimes complex to solve mathematically. Algorithms can provide the solution to these problems. Our article introduced algorithms to compute distance-based topological indices for zero divisor graphs containing finite rings as Zp1p2 × Zq. and Zp2 × Zq, having primes p1, p2, and q. Algorithm results can be reused in standing physical structures, solving computer network problems, and designing mechanics.
Algorithms for Controlling Dynamic Systems under Uncertainty. Part 2
Authors: Shiryaev V. I.
Published: August 2024

The paper considers the problems of synthesizing positional control of dynamic systems (DS) in situations with a high level of uncertainty caused both by disturbances acting on the DS and interference in information channels. Uncertainty results from the action of various external disturbing factors, uncontrolled changes in the object properties, and equipment failures and malfunctions. A peculiar feature of the considered problems is that they are single events. In these information conditions, the synthesis of positional control of dynamic systems is considered based on the minimax approach worst-case design. Therefore, the mathematical model of processes is characterized by disturbances and measurement errors known with a precision up to sets, and the DS state vector is known with a precision up to membership in the information set as a result of solving the estimation problem. The proposed approach combines control concepts under information deficiency proposed by N. N. Krasovsky, A. B. Kurzhansky, and V. M. Kuntsevich with A. A. Krasovsky’s concepts of building selforganizing systems. The "principle of a guaranteed result" was chosen to synthesize DS control. A key distinction between the guaranteed and stochastic approach is the use of uncertainty sets of disturbances, interference, and the system state vector in DS control. The first part of the article solves the problem of estimating the state vector and, as a result, constructs an information set, to which the system state vector is guaranteed to belong. The second part of the article solves the control problem taking into account control restrictions, when the system operation quality is assessed by the belonging of the object’s state vector to a given set, which may depend on time. The tasks of stabilization, tracking, and terminal control can be set here. The control problem is also solved based on the guaranteed approach when specifying the requirements for the system in the form of a quadratic functional. The paper also considers the use of the Lyapunov function for control synthesis. The solution of estimation and control problems is reduced to extremal problems with linear and quadratic objective functions under restrictions in the form of systems of linear inequalities. The paper provides their examples.
Principle of Construction of Analog-to-Digital Converters with Adaptive Determination of Sampling Interval of Analyzed Signals
Authors: Aliev T. A. , Mammadova A. I.
Published: August 2024

It is shown that in order to ensure accident-free operation of production facilities it is necessary to increase the degree of adequacy of the results of the analysis of technological parameters in control and diagnostic systems. However, in these systems, when changing the dynamics of technological parameters, the sampling interval of analyzed signals does not change despite the need for such a procedure. Because of this in practice there are cases when the adequacy of the results of solved problems is not ensured. In rail transport, control and diagnostic systems are used for rolling stock, that diagnose malfunctions in wheel-motor units, bearing defects, lack and insufficiency of lubrication, misalignments of bearing mounting, defects of fastening, imbalance of rotating parts, defects of gearbox. Also diagnosed are looseness of the feed and brake lines, malfunctions of the brake valve, malfunctions of the brake cylinders, malfunctions of the compressor. The inspection results are first of all displayed on the driver’s monitor. In these systems, due to the delay in the monitoring result, sometimes the appropriate measures are delayed. For example, due to the specifics of rail transport, when analyzing the vibration signals received from the same sensors, the control results change when the train speed changes. This causes additional error, which can often lead to the violation of the adequacy of the control results. To eliminate this shortcoming, first of all, it is necessary to proportionally change the sampling interval of the analyzed signals when changing the speed of the rolling stock. In vibration diagnostics, the adequacy of the obtained results depends to a great extent on the accurate determination of the sampling interval. It is shown that the technology and principle of construction of analog-to-digital converters with adaptive determination of the sampling interval by taking into account the dynamics of the operation of controlled objects allows to avoid the control error caused by the error of sampling interval selection.
Optimal Resource Management оn Preparing a Group of Similar Aircrafts for Operation
Authors: Buryak Yu. I. , Makhorin A. O.
Published: August 2024

The work is devoted to solving the problem of finding the minimum composition of a team of specialists and general ground handling facilities (equipment), as well as distribution in the process of preparing the required group of aircrafts for use within a given time. To justify the minimum composition of the team and the necessary equipment, it is necessary to solve the problem of forming a job schedule for a group of aircrafts, a distinctive feature of which is to take into account a number of restrictions, caused by the interaction of specialists and equipment, as well as the order and incompatibility in time of some jobs. This, in turn, requires consideration of a huge number of options for organizing the work performed on each aircraft, and scheduling options for servicing several aircrafts by one specialist. The problem of substantiating the minimum composition of specialists and equipment is based on the use of combinatorial optimization methods, i.e. the construction of possible solutions, the number of which is reduced by using the branch-and-cut method. The article proposes a mixed integer linear programming model with binary variables to find the optimal solution and a software implementation that does not require large computational resources. It is given and analyzed in detail an example of finding the optimal team of specialists who prepare a group of six aircrafts, each of which performs five types of work. The reasonable solution time to find the schedule for a given team made it possible to consider all possible options for the composition of the team (tens of thousands of options) and justify such an option in which the number of specialists in the team would be minimal, but they would ensure the preparation of the aircraft within a given time. When solving a problem, an exact schedule is found for each considered variant of the team composition. Further development of this approach is based on discrete time models; preliminary studies show the possibility of finding the optimal schedule for preparing a group of 30 aircraft for up to 5 seconds.
Educational (Enlightening) Psychological and Pedagogical Program “Сhildren-Parent Club”
Authors: Kazantseva A.A.
Published: August 2024

The article is based on the materials of the “Children-Parents Club” program, tested and implemented in the MBOU “Secondary School No. 69 in Penza”. This program combines a complex of different approaches to solving urgent problems that arise in the system of child-parent relationships, based on an activity-based, problem-oriented, creative approach. The target audience of the program are families with children aged 12 to 15 with problems in the system of parent-child relationships. The implementation of the program provides for psychological diagnostics before the start of the course (at a preliminary meeting of a teacher-psychologist with child-parent couples) — input diagnostics, and also at the end of the cycle (at the last meeting) — performance evaluation.
Primer reporte de Decellebruchus atrolineatus (Pic, 1921), Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae, en granos de poroto (Vigna unguiculata) de Paraguay
Authors: Salinas-González Marilia Araceli , Cabral-Antúnez Claudia , Garcete-Barrett Bolívar Rafael , Gaona Edgar Francisco , Ríos María Fátima , Caballero Pablo
Published: August 2024

El poroto es una leguminosa comestible con un alto valor nutritivo y representa uno de los rubros de autoconsumo más importantes en el país. Sin embargo, en condiciones de almacenamiento su principal problema son los brúquinos, quienes disminuyen el valor nutricional y la fertilidad de las semillas. Por la adaptación que poseen, los brúquinos, se diseminan con mayor frecuencia de manera involuntaria. En los primeros meses del año 2023, fueron observados daños en granos almacenados de poroto de la especie Vigna unguiculata, presentando orificios redondeados. La inspección de dichos granos registró la presencia de un coleóptero, que fue identificado como Decellebruchus atrolineatus, Familia Chrysomelidae, Subfamilia Bruchinae.
Modelo de gestión pedagógica para fortalecer el liderazgo docente en una institución educativa: Propuesta de cambio
Authors: Cueva-Pérez Gisela Dorila , Ortega-Cabrejos Mónica Ysabel
Published: August 2024

Para mejorar la calidad del servicio educativo, se requiere implementar cambios en la dirección pedagógica. Esto implica la presencia de maestros líderes comprometidos que puedan orientar al resto del equipo hacia la mejora de las experiencias educativas. El objetivo de la investigación fue proponer un modelo de gestión pedagógica para el liderazgo docente en una institución educativa del estado. El estudio, de naturaleza cuantitativa y con un diseño no experimental, descriptivo propositivo, involucró la participación de 47 docentes; a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario con la finalidad de evaluar su nivel de liderazgo docente, de acuerdo a las dimensiones: desarrollo profesional, mejora escolar inclusiva y cultura colaborativa. Los resultados indicaron que el 87,2% de los profesores encuestados señalaron que el liderazgo docente se sitúa en un nivel medio y en un menor porcentaje, que representa el 12,8%, afirmaron estar en un nivel alto. Las dimensiones evaluadas también se encuentran en un nivel medio: desarrollo profesional 87,2%, mejora escolar inclusiva 78,7% y cultura colaborativa 85,1%. Posteriormente, se expusieron los fundamentos teóricos que respaldan la propuesta y se diseñó el modelo de gestión pedagógica, el cual fue validado por un grupo de expertos. La conclusión del estudio resalta la necesidad de implementar un modelo de gestión pedagógica que fomente una mayor participación de los docentes en diversas actividades educativas mediante un mejor liderazgo.
Determinantes sociales, equidad y pertinencia territorial: reflexión sobre el enfoque en salud
Authors: Herrera-Vásquez Luis Carlos , Núñez-Norambuena Marcelo Eduardo
Published: August 2024

Los determinantes sociales de la salud son factores no médicos que tiene un impacto significativo en la salud de las poblaciones. Estos determinantes, que abarcan desde condiciones socioeconómicas hasta el entorno físico y social, influyen en el acceso a la atención médica y en los resultados de salud. En este texto académico, se explora la teoría de los determinantes sociales de la salud, además, se subraya la importancia del concepto de equidad en salud, diferenciándolo de la igualdad, y la reflexión sobre el positivo tránsito de un paradigma biomédico a uno de enfoque holístico. Finalmente, se argumenta la necesidad de realizar estudios de pertinencia territorial para promover una mejor salud en las comunidades locales.
Association of Bronchial Asthma with Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Zhihui , Yuan Li , Zhang Cuifang , Gui Di , Wang Hailong
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the association between bronchial asthma and lung cancer. Research on the correlation between bronchial asthma and lung cancer was retrieved from the database. Literature was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the number of patients in the included studies was extracted and analyzed. This study used Stata statistical software version 16.0 and Cochrane Review Manager version 5.4 for meta-analysis. In our study, 19 articles were selected. Without considering other influencing factors, the risk of lung cancer in asthma patients was relative risk (RR)=1.40 (95% CI: 1.17-1.67, I2=55.7%), and after correcting for risk factors such as smoking and age, it was found that the risk of small-cell lung cancer in asthma patients was RR=2.11 (95% CI: 1.45-3.24). Asthma may increase the risk of developing lung cancer, with an even higher likelihood for small cell lung cancer.
Comparative Efficacy of Mometasone Nasal Spray Combined with different Doses of Desloratadine, and Montelukast in Childhood Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghanbari Niloufar , Eftekhari Kambiz , Samadzadeh-Mamaghani Mohammadreza , Sedighiyan Mohsen , Diaz Diana Noemi , Shafiei Alireza
Published: August 2024

Allergic rhinitis is a common childhood disease. Although various drugs have been used to treat allergic rhinitis, including nasal corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and antihistamines, there is still controversy about the optimal dose and the best combination with the highest efficacy. Higher doses of antihistamines are recommended for better control of urticaria, but there is insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy of increased doses of antihistamines in allergic rhinitis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different drug combinations in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.
Sixty-four children with persistent moderate to severe allergic rhinitis were enrolled and randomly divided into 4 groups. All children received mometasone furoate nasal spray once daily. In addition to mometasone, each group received one of the following drugs or drug combinations: daily desloratadine, twice daily desloratadine, montelukast, or a combination of desloratadine and montelukast. The severity of symptoms before and after the intervention was evaluated based on the total nasal symptoms score, including sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and rhinorrhea.
Sixty patients completed the study. The reduction of nasal congestion score and total nasal symptoms score in the groups receiving desloratadine twice a day and desloratadine plus montelukast was superior to the daily desloratadine group and daily montelukast groups
According to this work, the treatment of allergic rhinitis with mometasone nasal spray with desloratadine twice a day or with the combination of desloratadine and montelukast was more effective than other treatment regimens.
From Mild Cases to Critical Cases of COVID-19: The Role of Genes in Inflammasome and Mitochondrial Dynamics
Authors: Kia Azam , Hajhasan Vahideh , Nadi Mona , Jamalkandi Sadeq Azimzadeh , Parvin Shahram , Saffaie Ali , Basirjafar Pedram , Salimian Jafar , Samei Azam
Published: August 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (CVOID-19) has varied clinical manifestations including mild to severe acute respiratory symptoms. Inflammasome complex and mitochondria play an important role in initiating inflammatory responses and could potentially be affected by this infection. To study the inflammasome and mitochondrial fission and fusion gene expression levels in COVID-19 patients, we designed this experiment.
The inflammasome and mitochondrial gene expression profiles were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction in the peripheral blood of 70 hospitalized CVOID-19 patients with mild to moderate symptoms (HOSP) and 30 ICU patients with severe symptoms (ICU) compared to 20 healthy controls (HC).
The results indicated that the expression of the dynamin-related protein-1 was extremely suppressed in HOSP while it came back to the normal range in the ICU group. However, the expression of fission 1 protein had a non-significant increase in HOSP and a decrease in the ICU group. The mitofusin-1 and dominant optic atrophy genes showed high expression levels (10-fold) and (70-fold), respectively, in the HOSP group. However, mitofusin-2 significantly decreased in both groups. Although leucine-rich–containing family, pyrin domain–containing-3 (NLRP3) and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activating and recruitment domain genes dramatically increased in both groups (10 and 4-fold), other inflammasome genes declined in both groups. Finally, Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activate d B cells (NF-κB) extremely decreased, and Intreleukine-1 showed high expression in ICU patients (3-fold).
CVOID-19 infection suppresses the fission genes and elevates the fusion gene expression in mitochondria, and it can cause activation of the inflammasome via the NLRP3 pathway.
Long-standing COVID-19 Disease in Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Patients; Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Mortaz Esmaeil , Roofchayee Neda Dalil , Jamaati Hamidreza , Varahram Mohammad , Abtahian Zahra , Mansourafshar Babak , Rekabi Mahsa , Adcock Ian M , Tabarsi Payam
Published: August 2024

Patients with immunodeficiency are at higher risk of severe disease and death following SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general population. Here, we describe humoral and cellular immune responses in 5 patients with immunodeficiency, 2 patients with multiple sclerosis, 1 patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 1 patient with Good’s syndrome, and 1Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive with developed Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)- patient.
T-cell responses were evaluated using the QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay following incubation with the SARS-CoV-2 Ag1, Ag2, and Ag3 viral antigens. Immunophenotyping of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and CD19+ and CD20+ B cells was determined by flow cytometry.
All studied immunocompromised patients or those with acquired immune dysregulation patients showed reduced cellular immune responses (release of interferon (IFN)-g) to SARS-CoV-2 antigens than healthy controls [patients; Ag1, Ag2 and Ag3 and Nil (Median 5-95% percentile) (12 (1-95), 12 (1.5-78), 13.5 (12-95) and 3 (1-98) U/mL)], controls; Ag1, Ag2 and Ag3 and Nil (Median 5-95% percentile) 24.5 (7-89), 65 (31-173), 53.5 (13-71.5) and 3 (1-14) U/mL)]. The frequency of peripheral blood B cells was also reduced in these patients compared to healthy control subjects.
T-cell-dependent antibody responses require the activation of B cells by helper T cells. Reduced B cell numbers in immunocompromised patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 indicate the need for these patients to take additional precautions to prevent COVID-19 infection.
The Future of CPR: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes
Authors: Emami Payam , Sistani Mohammad , Marzban Ameneh
Published: August 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Comparing the Hemodynamic Effects of Midazolam, Etomidate, and Propofol following Anesthesia Induction in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Afghaniyan Parsa , Farhadian Maryam , Tarbiat Masoud , Bakhshaei Mohammad Hossein , Salimbahrami Seyed Ahmadreza
Published: August 2024

Background: Hemodynamic disorders during anesthesia lead to complications. To reduce hemodynamic complications, this study was conducted to compare midazolam, etomidate, and propofol following anesthesia induction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG).
Methods: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 90 patients with coronary artery disease. These patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups receiving propofol, etomidate, or midazolam. Hemodynamic variables, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), and heart rate (HR), were measured at baseline, before intubation, and 1 and 5 minutes after intubation.
Results: Ninety patients with coronary artery disease (mean age: 60.83 y) were included in the study. Women and men comprised 74.4% and 25.6% of the study population. HR, SBP, DBP, and MABP exhibited significant decreases in all 3 groups after intubation. The etomidate group demonstrated the least change in SBP (P<0.001) and MABP (P<0.001), followed by the midazolam group. Concerning HR, the least change was observed in the midazolam group, followed by the propofol group (P=0.688). After intubation, blood pressure increased almost equally in the etomidate and midazolam groups compared with the levels during intubation. In contrast, the propofol group exhibited a downward trend in blood pressure during intubation, a significant difference across all 3 groups (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study, conducted on candidates for CABG, demonstrated that anesthesia induction with etomidate and midazolam resulted in less variation in hemodynamic variables compared with propofol.
Toxic Myocarditis with Brugada Phenocopy in a Case of Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning
Authors: Nalawade Digvijay D , Jadhav Ajitkumar , Wadhokar Pratik S , Khan Anishkumar , Gupta Aryan , Malani Susheel Kumar
Published: August 2024

Brugada phenocopy is considered when a Brugada-type ECG pattern is present but with a low likelihood of true Brugada syndrome, as indicated by negative family history, genetic testing, or provocative testing with drugs, or ECG normalization after the removal of precipitants. Brugada phenocopy has been reported due to various causes such as fever and electrolyte imbalance. We describe a 22-year-old man who presented with aluminum phosphide poisoning, resulting in severe metabolic acidosis, myocarditis, and profound myocardial depression. He developed transient Brugada-like ECG changes and multiorgan dysfunction, requiring intensive management, including mechanical ventilation and inotropes. Brugada phenocopy is a rare manifestation of aluminum phosphide-associated toxic myocarditis. After a week of treatment, there was a significant improvement in cardiac function and overall clinical status.
Les investissements chinois en Afrique : aide au développement ou prédation ?
Authors: Vedie Henri-Louis
Published: August 2024

Pour bon nombre d'observateurs, la présence chinoise en Afrique est marquée du sceau de la prédation. L'objet de cet article est, à partir de statistiques récentes, de répondre à une question simple, celle de savoir si la présence chinoise en Afrique marque ou non le retour à une nouvelle forme de colonialisme. Pour cela, une analyse détaillée des investissements chinois réalisés, sur la période 2005-2013, montre que jusqu'en 2011, ces investissements ne représentaient que 3% de l'ensemble des investissements. Si retour au colonialisme il y a, il faut en rechercher une cause qui ne saurait être chinoise. Pour autant, sur la période étudiée, les objectifs chinois n'évoluent guerre. Les secteurs des hydrocarbures, des mines, des transports, représentent plus de 70% des investissements réalisés. Par contre, des changements de comportements sont à noter, à partir de 2014, concernant des avantages et des inconvénients mieux partagés, nous éloignant défi nitivement peut être, de l'idée d'une Chine prédatrice.
Régimes de change et performances économiques en Afrique : Quelles leçons pour les pays de l'UEMOA?
Authors: Sall Abdoul Khadry
Published: August 2024

L'objectif de cet article est d'évaluer l'influence du régime de change sur les performances macroéconomiques afin d'en tirer des leçons pour les pays de l'UEMOA où la politique de change fi xe caractérise le régime monétaire. Pour cela, une estimation en données de panel à l'aide de la méthode des moments généralisés (GMM) en système a été adoptée et effectuée sur 32 pays pour évaluer l'impact du régime de change sur les performances macroéconomiques pendant la période 1980-2010. Les résultats montrent que le régime de change fixe est meilleur que les régimes de change flexible et intermédiaire pour maintenir des taux d'inflation faibles et stables grâce à un effet de discipline plutôt qu'à un effet de crédibilité. En outre, la croissance dans les pays en régime de change fi xe est plus faible que celle dans l'ensemble des pays en régime de change plus souple. Spécifiquement, ces pays en régime de change fixe semblent enregistrer des taux de croissance plus faibles que les pays en régime de change intermédiaire. Quant au coefficient associé au régime de change flexible, il est positif et significatif. Il traduit que les pays en régime de change fl exible pourraient avoir des taux de croissance plus élevés que les pays en régime de change intermédiaire. L'implication à tirer pour les pays de l'UEMOA est que la recherche d'un point d'ancrage nominal domestique permettrait le maintien de l'inflation à des niveaux faibles et stables tout en améliorant les performances de croissance.
Eléments d'histoire sur les débuts des congrés des économistes de langue française : les premiers pas de l'AIELF
Authors: Clave Francis
Published: August 2024

La publication des travaux des Congres ait été mise en place pour constituer pour les professeurs d'économie un moyen d'influence sur la vie publique, c'est le nombre important de participants exerçant un mandat politique ou ayant été impliqués à titre d'experts dans le processus de prise de décision d'importantes mesures de politique économique. Dans ces circonstances, on peut comprendre qu'ils n'aient pas voulu laisser entierement le champ libre a de jeunes polytechniciens qui n'avaient, de plus, pas forcément la meme approche des problemes économiques.
Fiscalité et secteur informel au Gabon
Authors: Bidzo Médard Mengue
Published: August 2024

La pression fiscale est pointée comme l'une des causes principales de développement de l'informalité (de Soto, 1994 ; Loayza et al. 2006). Au point que l'économie informelle est perçue, entre autres, comme une réponse à la règlementation publique excessive et inadaptée. L'objet de notre étude est principalement de vérifier une telle relation dans le cadre de l'économie gabonaise grâce à l'estimation d'un modèle à changements de régimes des séries temporelles individuelles à la Hansen (1999). Il en ressort globalement que l'impact de la répression fiscale sur l'économie informelle diffère selon le niveau du taux d'imposition. Autrement dit, il existe deux régimes de croissance du secteur informel conditionnellement à un seuil d'imposition de 7,10 %.
Evolution du système bancaire chinois : sa voie dans un dispositif global de conquête économique et politique
Authors: Chevais Sébastien
Published: August 2024

La Chine a fait le pari de s'ouvrir au monde, à la mondialisation, au sein de laquelle règne une grande disharmonie. Notre recherche portera sur le rôle du système bancaire chinois et son évolution. Son particularisme permettra de comprendre qu'il constitue un moyen pour la Chine, la mise en oeuvre de son propre développement économique et financier. Nous focaliserons notre attention sur la construction et le processus de décision de son système bancaire, au service de sa croissance, et élargirons notre propos pour tenter de démontrer de quelle manière la Chine répond à la mission qu'elle s'est fixée, à savoir financer ses ambitions économiques et conforter son rôle central dans l'économie mondiale.
Euro, vingt ans d'une expérience infructueuse
Authors: Lafay Gérard
Published: August 2024

Lancée par le traité de Maastricht, la monnaie unique européenne a été mise en place le 1er janvier 1999. Cependant, les pièces et billets en euros n'ont remplacé totalement les signes monétaires nationaux qu'au premier semestre 2002. Il est donc possible, maintenant, de dresser le bilan de vingt ans de cette expérience. La plupart des observateurs objectifs reconnaissent que ce bilan est largement négatif. La croissance économique de l'ensemble de la zone euro est devenue la plus faible du monde, alors que ses économies nationales, loin de converger, ont connu une divergence croissante. Un économiste indien, sorti du FMI, Ashoda Mody, vient même de publier aux presses universitaires d'Oxford, un ouvrage intitulé An European tragedy, qui a été désigné comme le meilleur ouvrage économique de l'année par l'Association des éditeurs américains.
La zone euro 20 ans apres : un echec rattrapable
Authors: Landais Bernard
Published: August 2024

Le bilan de la zone euro est très médiocre, suite à une succession d'erreurs et de malentendus. Les premières ont été d'emblée le choix des pays admis et les malentendus viennent d'une mauvaise appréciation théorique des dangers auxquels s'expose une aventure de ce type. La crise de 2008 est au coeur de cet échec et sa cause principale, aggravée par une récession secondaire en 2012, circonscrite à la zone et consécutive à ses erreurs politiques. La théorie des zones monétaires optimales, application d'une vue dépassée des fluctuations, fut un très mauvais guide et s'est avérée partiellement inadaptée pour apprécier les questions d'ajustement. L'article redéfinit les critères d'adhésion et d'admission des pays appelés à participer à l'euro et en tire des conclusions concrètes pour le présent et l'avenir.
Ratio optimal de la garantie de crédit
Authors: Ndour Cheikh Tidiane , Diop Mouhamadou Bamba
Published: August 2024

La mise sur place d ' un fond de garantie est une option permettant aux États d ' assurer un financement pérenne des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (PME). L ' asymétrie d ' information entre les préteurs et emprunteurs et l ' absence de garantie sont entre autre les principales causes du rationnement du crédit. Dans cet article, on s ' intéresse, dans un premier temps, aux facteurs qui explique le ratio optimal de la garantie de crédit. L ' analyse des résultats du modèle théorique montrent que le niveau de la garantie optimale dépend de l ' objet du gouvernement en termes de cible de crédit, de la stabilité financière des banques et de l ' environnement économique. En outre, à partir d ' un Modèle vectoriel à Correction d ' erreur, nous avons cherché la réponse du risque de défaut de crédit suite à un choc non anticipé de la croissance économique, de la dette publique, du taux d ' inflation, de la disponibilité monétaire (masse monétaire), du taux d ' intérêt, des prêts des banques et des fonds propres des banques. Les résultats ont montré un effet positif du risque de défaut suite à un choc sur l ' inflation, sur la croissance de la masse monétaire. L ' effet est négatif suite à un choc sur la croissance économique, des fonds propres, de la dette publique et des prêts.
Intégration économique et synchronisation des cycles de croissance dans la zone UEMOA : Une approche en panel dynamique
Authors: Ndiaye Cheikh Tidiane , Adom Idossou Marius , Diene Papa Daouda Amad
Published: August 2024

L ' objectif de cet article est de savoir de quelle manière évolue le degré de synchronisation des cycles de croissance réelle dans l ' UEMOA et dans quelles mesures l ' intégration économique impacte-t-elle cette synchronisation. Pour répondre à ces questions nous avons proposé une nouvelle approche de mesure du degré de synchronisation multilatérale des cycles économiques, et nous avons estimé un modèle de type panel dynamique par la méthode des moments généralisés conditionnels en deux étapes proposés par Arellano et Bond (1991), Bover et Blundell (1998). Nos analyses ont montré que les interrelations entre les économies de l ' UEMOA en termes d ' échanges commerciaux sont très limitées. Néanmoins, la synchronisation bilatérale de cycles, bien que faible, évolue depuis 2006. D ' après nos estimations, en somme, nous pouvons dire que les résultats obtenus suggèrent que les déterminants clés de la synchronisation des cycles de croissance économique dans l ' UEMOA sont le degré de la synchronisation de la période antérieure, les différences.
Enseigner la Nouvelle Macroeconomie Internationale à l'aide d'un modele « jouet »
Authors: Poutineau Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2024

Cet article propose un modèle statique de la « nouvelle macroéconomie internationale » pour traiter des questions de mise en oeuvre de la politique monétaire en économie ouverte. Ce cadre permet d ' aborder simplement des questions standards de la macroéconomie ouverte telles que l ' efficacité de la politique économique en fonction du régime de change flexible ou flottant. Il est ensuite étendu pour analyser le cadre de la coordination des politiques monétaires et le fait que celle-ci peut s ' avérer neutre malgré un environnement économique caractérisé par de fortes interdépendances commerciales et financières.
Legal Regulation of Compensation of Damage Caused by a Crime in the Energy Sphere
Authors:   Deputy Chief Executive Officer for Legal and General Matters of Gazprom Energo, Tarnavsky Oleg A.
Published: August 2024

The article considers the issues of sufficiency of legal protection of the fuel and energy complex. Based on the method of comparative legal research and analysis of statistical information using formal logic, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop institutional foundations for compensation for harm from criminal acts to certain energy objects. It is proposed to single out the fuel and energy complex as a separate object of criminal law protection; clarify the procedural form of compensation for harm in the commission of crimes in the field of energy; at the local level, build and revise internal legal models in accordance with the risks of each individual company.
Problematic Issues of the Urban Development Zoning Principles Implementation in the Laws of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Lead Lawyer at Large Business Support Division No. 1 of Bank DOM.RF, JSC, Medvedenko Kseniya A.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the problem of the definition and content of the special principles of zoning, as well as the problematic issues of their practical implementation that arise in court practice. The author considers the main characteristics of zoning in the context of highlighting the basic principles that contribute to ensuring the integrated and sustainable development of the territory.
The Legal Treatment of Specially Protected Natural Reservation the Portuguese Republic and the Russian Federation
Authors:   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Environmental, Labor Law and Civil Procedure of the Kazan, Batyrshina Gulnara F.
Published: August 2024

A comparative legal analysis is being conducted of the main regulatory legal acts of the Portuguese Republic and the Russian Federation governing the protection and use of specially protected natural areas. The experience of the Portuguese Republic stands out as innovative and potentially amenable to legal borrowing due to (1) the presence of norms on preserving geo-diversity, (2) the establishment of its own regional networks of specially protected natural areas, (3) the organization of geoparks as a model for managing specially protected natural territories, as well as (4) allowing for the creation of «private protected areas».
Liability for Terrorism Financing: Areas of Potential Improvement in Russian Criminal Legislation
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Criminal Law, Postoeva Evgenia A.
Published: August 2024

The article considers the existing approaches in legal science to the issue of allocation of an independent corpus delicti of terrorist financing in a separate article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the arguments justifying the expediency of making changes to the criminal legislation and proposes a draft of a new article 205.7 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Terrorist Financing”. Taking into account the priorities of international cooperation of the Russian Federation with the BRICS states, the provisions from the anti-terrorist legislation of these states, in which there are separate norms on liability for terrorist financing, are given. The implementation of the proposal to criminalize the financing of terrorism in an independent article will make it possible to establish a unified approach to liability for the said act and increase the level of compliance with international standards in this area.
On the List of Persons Who Can be Admitted as Legal Representatives of Juvenile Participants in Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Northwest Institute (Branch), Kirusha Galina N.
Published: August 2024

The list of persons who may be admitted as legal representatives of a minor suspect, accused or a victim, is enshrined in paragraph 12 of article 5 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and is exhaustive. This norm has been repeatedly subjected to critical analysis, and proposals have been made to expand the list of possible legal representatives enshrined in it. The author analyzes some proposals and concludes that it is necessary to retain the established list, and also proposes measures to improve the work of guardianship and tutelage clerks when they represent minor participants in criminal proceedings.
The Management of Parks and Public Spaces in the Context of Unsheltered Homelessness: Perspectives from Three Key Stakeholder Groups
Authors: Pitas Nicholas Andrew , Rose Jeff , Mullenbach Lauren , Hoyle-Katz Aaron
Published: August 2024

People experiencing homelessness make extensive use of public greenspace, and recent years have seen increased interest in park agency-based strategies to address homelessness and its symptoms. However, there is a relative lack of literature addressing the equitable management of these spaces with consideration for park users experiencing homelessness, and much of the existing work has been conducted from the perspective of a single user group. In this research we triangulate the perspectives of people experiencing homelessness, housed members of the public, and park district employees through a series of focus group interviews. This work provides unique context and multiple angles of approach to a challenging issue as we seek to understand perceptions and priorities within the context of park and public space management. Specifically, we addressed three research questions focused on (a) the current and ideal role of a park and recreation agency in addressing homelessness in the community, (b) the characteristics of positive and negative interactions between agency employees and people experiencing homelessness, and (c) management priorities and challenges in this context. Our results indicate substantial common ground, some ambiguity, and a number of concrete priorities for equitably managing parks and public spaces in this context. All three stakeholder groups agreed that the current agency role was limited in scope, and largely focused on enforcement and quality control over parks and the recreation experience. Whereas park district employees advocated for a more proactive approach to homelessness, people experiencing homelessness and housed members of the community favored maintaining a limited role for the park district. Positive interactions mirrored those between park agency employees and other users, and were characterized by an emphasis on the essential humanity of people experiencing homelessness, and the formation of longterm familiarity and relationships. Negative interactions on the other hand were largely related to enforcement of rules and regulations, and patterns of previous negative interactions. Safety was identified as the top priority by all three user groups, with the public also prioritizing a welcoming and aesthetically pleasing park environment. Key challenges included a lack of resources, and the complexity of the issue of homelessness.
Use of NHS PREDICT Tool and Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Chee Keong Koh , Wan Zain Wan Zainira , Zaharı Zalına , Yahya Maya Mazuwın , Mohamad Hussain
Published: August 2024

Aim: The PREDICT tool is used to estimate survival in breast cancer patients according to the types of treatment given. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the PREDICT tool and identify the prognostic factors for survival in patients with breast cancer.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study was performed based on data collected from the Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Terengganu, Malaysia. All female patients diagnosed with stage I to IV breast cancer were identified from the year 2011 to 2017.
Results: Based on data from 355 eligible patients, the predicted and observed 5-year overall survival rates were 75.8% and 75.2%, respectively. The model performed fairly well, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.747 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-0.81) in the predicted 5-year overall survival. Among the 585 patients diagnosed with stage I to IV breast cancer, stage at the presentation (stage III hazard ratio (HR): 5.80, 95% CI: 1.69-19.94, p=0.005, stage IV HR: 10.61, 95% CI: 3.09-36.49, p<0.001), without surgical treatment (HR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.73-3.00, p<0.001), without radiotherapy (HR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.41-2.62, p<0.001), and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.86, p=0.003) were associated with death in breast cancer patients.
Conclusion: The PREDICT tool accurately estimated the 5-year overall survival in the study center. It might serve as a useful prognostication tool during consultation. Late stages of the disease, patients without surgical treatment, and patients without radiotherapy were associated with a higher risk of death in breast cancer.
Delusional Pregnancy in a Patient with Epilepsy: A Case Report
Authors: Sayer Ömer Naim , Hocaoğlu Çiçek
Published: August 2024

Interictal psychosis is a psychotic symptom that is not temporally related to epileptic seizures. Pregnancy delusion is defined as a person's fixed belief that she is pregnant despite objective evidence that she is not pregnant. In this case report, pregnancy delusion was described in a patient with epilepsy. A 31-year-old woman with epilepsy was admitted to a psychiatric ward. The patient, whose pregnancy test results were never positive, believed that she was pregnant. It was learned that her identical twin had experienced reproductive-sexuality-themed psychotic symptoms 10 years ago. The patient was hospitalized for three weeks and discharged in remission with paliperidone 6 mg/day and biperiden 2 mg/day. Caution should be exercised when using antipsychotics because of their epileptogenic effects. Pregnancy delusion in epilepsy is rare. In addition to this rare condition, it is noteworthy that reproductive-sexual delusions were reported in the patient's twin brother who was diagnosed with epilepsy.