bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethics Perception
Authors: Zgheib Philippe W.
Published: July 2017

Education is one of the most consistent and powerful correlates to the development of moral judgment in individuals. Education builds theoretical and some practical basics for making more effective ethical decisions. Educators influence students in their learning about business ethics, but ethics can be considered as continuous knowledge, which could be taught and learned in ways different from teaching traditional sciences. However, teaching of ethics is possible because the aim is to create certain skills and build the basics for promising wise thinking for proper decision making. Building ethical awareness in a diverse society implies building awareness in schools and universities by having ethics as a university requirement. Teaching of ethics must start from early school stages and must engage parents actively. Integration of a code of ethics in the curriculum is brought to life by addressing real life stories of unethical behavior. This chapter explores the learning and teaching of ethics.
Self-Awareness
Authors: Wolf Ruth
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to provide managers and employees with ways to internalize ethical behavior in a company. One of the ways to strengthen the effectiveness of management is to give managers the necessary tools that will enable employees of the post-modern age to internalize moral principles and ideas and to understand what is acceptable and what is prohibited. This theory relies on Wolf's (2008, 2013a) claim that man can be trained to be self-aware as the first step toward actual ethical conduct. Her approach is based on the principles of the humanist approach, which maintains that people are endowed with an “ethical sense” and wisdom as well as with the ability to correct their behavior and to choose their own course of action. This chapter utilizes the foundations and principles of this approach to explain what motivates a person to behave morally.
The Transformation of Russian Business Education and Its Outcomes
Authors: Kiregian Elise
Published: July 2017

This chapter looks at the transformation of Post-Soviet Russian business education. The extraordinary metamorphosis shapes the new generation of Russians profoundly. Russians are now far more likely to speak English, to hold personal investment portfolios and to be able to work outside of Russia in global businesses. The old-fashioned idea of central control of every aspect of life is largely gone as are business courses extolling the virtues of Marxism. Research shows the wide acceptance of western business concepts such as strategic planning and case analysis and the rapid growth of the Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree. One unexpected outcome is the rise of Russian women to management positions in Russian corporations.
Management Education Collaboration Networks
Authors: Hall Jr. Owen P. , Ko Kenneth D.
Published: July 2017

Management education has come a long way since Sir Isaac Pitman initiated the first correspondence course in the early 1840s. Today the demands from a globalized economy are causing a sea change in the way business education is being delivered. The traditional one-size-fits-all educational approach of the past is being replaced with a customized and flexible learning paradigm that focuses on student outcomes and performance. Management education collaboration networks can assist in this transformation. A primary function of a collaboration network is to provide the management education community with access to curriculum innovation, databases, cloud computing resources, mobile learning technologies and implementation strategies. The network design should be based on stakeholder attitudes, new learning technologies, globalization, changing demographics and sustainability. The purpose of this article is to highlight the results of a global survey on collaboration networks and to outline the role of cloud-based collaboration in the future of business education.
Exploring Variables That Affect Moral Development of Working Professionals
Authors: Armenta Barbara J.A.M.G. , Hargiss Kathleen M. , Howard Caroline
Published: July 2017

The increase of unethical behavior in the workplace has encouraged contemporary researchers to focus their research efforts on exploring moral development of employees in the business sector. It is thought that moral development may be a crucial driver of ethical decision making, while morality may be affected by a range of variables. In this study, the impact of higher education, ethical education, and work experience on moral development of licensed real-estate agents is examined. Moreover, the impact of higher education on an individual's moral development to a higher level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development is evaluated. The results of the study suggest that the variables of higher education, ethical education, and work experience showed no significant impact or increase of moral development of real-estate agents. The findings imply that the level of moral reasoning of real-estate agents service their occupations ethical requirements.
Working-Walking Alone and With Others
Authors: Mejiuni Olutoyin
Published: July 2017

In this chapter, the author shall argue, with materials sourced through desk work, that although formal educational institutions, business and industries, multi-lateral agencies, religious institutions, and a handful of educational non-profits provide and support education and training for the workforce of the future in Nigeria, the tension created by the conflicting frameworks that undergird the provision of, and support for, education by the parties depresses funding for tertiary education, especially in times of economic crises. Inadequate funding of public education in general, and tertiary education in particular, is not, therefore, just a fall out of economic crises; it is also a result of the tension between stakeholders who hold the view that education is a social service, those who hold the view that education is an investment in human capital, and those who believe that education straddles the two frameworks. The author makes the point that the problems associated with inadequate funding of university education are aggravated by the overbearing influence of the National Universities Commission (NUC) in the administration of universities, resulting in low synergy of the output of the formal education system with the needs of business and industries and the requirements of community transformation.
Responsible Corporate Behaviors
Authors: Tan Basak Ucanok
Published: July 2017

The aim of this chapter is to outline the growing interest on corporate responsibility, how it has evolved and transpired itself in the form of CSR. In this respect the chapter begins by reviewing the definitions of corporate responsibility and emphasizing its difference from related concepts. In the following section major cornerstones in the evolution of corporate responsibility are explained along with a brief outlook of how the modern approaches to corporate responsibility have changed in the past 30 years. The main focus of the chapter is on factors that shape corporate responsibility. In this respect attention is directed to four perspectives used in organization studies; economic, institutional, cultural and cognitive. Theoretical underpinnings, empirical research and examples are provided for the drivers of corporate responsibility. The chapter demonstrates benefits of integrating multiple perspectives and discusses directions for the future of corporate responsibility.
Improving Workforce Education Learning Outcomes
Authors: Schmidtke Carsten
Published: July 2017

Despite numerous attempts over the past few decades to prepare the U.S. workforce for the increasing challenges of a global economy, educators hear the same complaints from industry about how difficult it is to find highly skilled workers. The growing need to have a higher level of education and different knowledge, skills, and attitudes than in the past brought on by globalization makes the task of preparing workers for tomorrow's workplace even more daunting. Whatever the reason for dropping out, many young people have clearly not responded to the attempt to educate them through full-time schooling, no matter how innovative the program. This chapter argues that more adolescents can be educated in a school system that no longer emphasizes full-time schooling but instead combines part-time school with part-time real-world work experience. To carry out such an approach, it may be time to expand our horizons in the search for solutions, and we can find some guidance in a rather unexpected place, the work of Soviet educator Anton Semyonovich Makarenko. Makarenko's success in training young people to become productive workers includes several concepts and methods that may be useful in improving today's workforce education system.
Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility
Authors: Srivastava Juhi , Pandey Rakesh Kumar
Published: July 2017

Ethics and Social Responsibility in business and government today are very important subjects. These are talked about frequently and addressed in the news when unethical decisions are found. There needs to be an overall intent to be ethical and socially responsible in today's business environment in order to stay successful. Ethics are an individual belief system that consists of knowing what is right and wrong. Ethics can vary person to person. Ethics is in part analyzing decisions, beliefs, and actions. This paper is a study on ethics and social responsibility in today's organizations. This paper will explore the various aspects of how to establish ethics at the workplace, and responsibilities of the organization towards society. It also helps in knowing the importance of ethics and social responsibility in the organization.
Convergence of Nanotechnology and Microbiology
Authors: Khanday Mussrat Fayaz
Published: July 2017

The convergence of nanotechnology with microbiology is a nifty interdisciplinary research area that could amplify the limits of technology, enhance global health through formation of different drugs that can be effective against different infectious diseases, and for treatment of drinking water to kill the pathogens and make it safe for public use. Bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and plants have been successfully used for the formation of nanoparticles of silver, gold, zinc, etc. As the microorganisms, especially bacteria, are becoming resistant to the commonly used antibiotics, an alternative antimicrobial agent that can be effective against the antibiotic-resistant bacteria is needed. In the present chapter, the author highlights the relationship between these two mighty disciplines. The chapter deals with many aspects like antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles, formation of nanoparticles using microorganisms, etc. The green synthesis of nanoparticles is emerging as a new field of science; hence, it is discussed in detail.
Text Mining on Big and Complex Biomedical Literature
Authors: Xie Boya , Ding Qin , Wu Di
Published: July 2017

Driven by the rapidly advancing techniques and increasing interests in biology and medicine, about 2,000 to 4,000 references are added daily to MEDLINE, the US national biomedical bibliographic database. Even for a specific research topic, extracting useful and comprehensive information out of the huge literature data pool is challenging. Text mining techniques become extremely useful when dealing with the abundant biomedical information and they have been applied to various areas in the realm of biomedical research. Instead of providing a brief overview of all text mining techniques and every major biomedical text mining application, this chapter explores in-depth the microRNA profiling area and related text mining tools. As an illustrative example, one rule-based text mining system developed by the authors is discussed in detail. This chapter also includes the discussion of the challenges and potential research areas in biomedical text mining.
NBIC-Convergence and Technoethics
Authors: Grebenshchikova Elena
Published: July 2017

Technoethics is a new, but rapidly developing field of ethical reflection of technoscience. It can claim to unite the various ethical projections of the science and technology development in a common approach. One of the starting points of understanding this role of technoethics may be NBIC-convergence. The ethical dimensions of the NBIC-projects is represented in these sub-areas of applied ethics as a nanoethics, bioethics, neuroethics and ICT ethics. In this article particular attention is paid to the biomedical field, which is a prime example of innovative high technology, as well as the interaction of different types of ethics.
Functional Coatings for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Arafat M Tarik , Li Xu
Published: July 2017

This chapter outlines the application of coatings for implants and/or scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering (TE). Previously orthopaedic implants and/or scaffolds were designed considering mainly their mechanical aspects. However, due to the criticality of osteointegration with the surrounding tissues after implanting, the biological aspects of implants and/or scaffolds are becoming crucial. Recent trend is to use functional coatings like anti-infective, Ca-P and biomolecules coatings onto implants and/or scaffolds to improve anti-infective, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, respectively; thereby improving the osteointegration of the implant and/or scaffold with the surrounding tissue. Here, the application of different types of coatings on implants and/or scaffolds for bone TE will be described. The use of coatings as a drug and gene delivery carrier will also be covered in brief. As many of the coatings are still in preclinical testing stage, challenges associated with successful clinical use will be discussed as well.
Human Voice Waveform Analysis for Categorization of Healthy and Parkinson Subjects
Authors: Saloni Saloni , Sharma Rajender K. , Gupta Anil K.
Published: July 2017

Parkinson disease is a neurological disorder. In this disease control over body muscles get disturbed. In almost 90% of the cases, people suffering from Parkinson disease (PD) have speech disorders. The goal of the paper is to differentiate healthy and PD affected persons using voice analysis. There are no well-developed lab techniques available for Parkinson detection. Parkinson detection using voice analysis is a noninvasive, reliable and economic method. Using this technique patient need not to visit the clinic. In this paper the authors have recorded 155 phonations from 25 healthy and 22 PD affected persons. Classification is done using two proposed parameters: Local angular frequency and instantaneous deviation in the waveform. Support vector machine is used as a classifier. Maximum 86.8% classification accuracy is achieved using linear kernel function.
Mineralized Nanofibers for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Karaman Ozan
Published: July 2017

The limitation of orthopedic fractures and large bone defects treatments has brought the focus on fabricating bone grafts that could enhance ostegenesis and vascularization in-vitro. Developing biomimetic materials such as mineralized nanofibers that can provide three-dimensional templates of the natural bone extracellular-matrix is one of the most promising alternative for bone regeneration. Understanding the interactions between the structure of the scaffolds and cells and therefore the control cellular pathways are critical for developing functional bone grafts. In order to enhance bone regeneration, the engineered scaffold needs to mimic the characteristics of composite bone ECM. This chapter reviews the fabrication of and fabrication techniques for fabricating biomimetic bone tissue engineering scaffolds. In addition, the chapter covers design criteria for developing the scaffolds and examples of enhanced osteogenic differentiation outcomes by fabricating biomimetic scaffolds.
Brain-Computer Interfaces for Control of Upper Extremity Neuroprostheses in Individuals with High Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Rupp Rüdiger , Rohm Martin , Schneiders Matthias
Published: July 2017

For individuals with tetraplegia, restoring limited or missing grasping function is the highest priority. In patients with high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and a lack of surgical options, restricted upper extremity function can be improved with the use of neuroprostheses based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Grasp neuroprostheses with different degrees of complexity and invasiveness exist, although few models are available for routine clinical application. Hybrid systems combining FES with orthoses hold promise for restoring completely lost upper extremity function. Novel user interfaces integrating biosignals from several sources are needed to make full use of the many degrees of freedom of hybrid neuroprostheses. Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging technology that may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional control interfaces. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the art of BCI-controlled upper-extremity neuroprostheses and describes the challenges and promises for the future.
Articulating Biomaterials
Authors: Balla Vamsi Krishna , Das Mitun , Datta Someswar , Kundu Biswanath
Published: July 2017

This chapter examines the importance of surface characteristics such as microstructure, composition, crystallographic texture, and surface free energy in achieving desired biocompatibility and tribological properties thereby improving in vivo life of artificial articulating implants. Current implants often fail prematurely due to inadequate mechanical, tribological, biocompatibility, and osseointegration properties, apart from issues related to design and surgical procedures. For long-term in vivo stability, artificial implants intended for articulating joint replacement must exhibit long-term stable articulation surface without stimulating undesirable in vivo effects. Since the implant's surface plays a vital and decisive role in their response to biological environment, and vice versa, surface modification of implants assumes a significant importance. Therefore, overview on important surface modification techniques, their capabilities, properties of modified surfaces/implants are presented in the chapter. The clinical performance of surface modified implants and new surfaces for potential next-generation articulating implant applications are discussed at the end.
Detection and Conditioning of EMG
Authors: Göker İmran
Published: July 2017

In this chapter, the monitoring of the electrical activity of skeletal muscles is depicted. The main components of the detection and conditioning of the EMG signals is explained in the sense of the biomedical instrumentation. But, first, a brief description of EMG generation is introduced. The hardware components of the general instrumentation system used in the acquisition of EMG signal such as amplifier, filters, analog-to-digital converter are discussed in detail. Subsequently, different types of electrodes used in different EMG techniques are mentioned. Then, various EMG signals that can be detected and monitored via EMG systems are described and their clinical importance is discussed with detail. Finally, different EMG techniques used in clinical studies and their purposes are explained with detail.
Setting Priorities for the Development of Medicinal Plants Sector in J&K (Kashmir) and Their Progress Towards Nanotechnology
Authors: Siddique Mohmmad Abubakar Ahmad , Jeelani Syed Mudassir
Published: July 2017

Medicinal plants have assumed global importance in view of their ever increasing usage in health care system. This resurgence of interest in herbal medicine has largely been an outcome of the realization of ill effects which other systems are inflicting on human beings. In India more than 7500 of the plants are being regularly employed in treating different ailments. Nearly 40% of known medicinal plants of Kashmir Himalaya are used in the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry alone. However, the continued exploitation of this resource from natural habitats in the absence of any cultivation programme has resulted in the extirpation of many herbs which require formulation of pound policies on the part of Government. Besides to empower the local communities the development of General Awareness Programs and their execution at the farmer's field is highly desirable. This may involve the establishment of Medicinal Plant Conservation Parks. The combination of nanotechnology and traditional medicine may provide a very useful tool in designing future medicines with improved bioavailability profile.
Bioinspired Materials and Biocompatibility
Authors: Anil Muge , Ayyildiz-Tamis Duygu , Tasdemir Seyma , Sendemir-Urkmez Aylin , Gulce-Iz Sultan
Published: July 2017

Material science and engineering are the sources of divergent emerging technologies, since all the modifications and developments are being made to reach a novel biomaterial to fulfill the requirements of biomedical applications, the first important feature is the biocompatibility of the new advanced material. In this chapter, the general biocompatibility concept, test systems to determine biocompatibility, examples of bioinspired materials and their altered biocompatibility and future expectations from these novel bioinspired materials will be discussed.
Preclinical Challenges and Clinical Target of Nanomaterials in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Reinhardt Martin , Giri Shibashish , Bader Augustinus
Published: July 2017

Currently, practical application of nanotechnological approaches and stem cell therapies remains a challenge in both preclinical and clinical settings. Many existing problems in tissue engineering to organ engineering have been solved by the combined approaches of nanotechnology and stem cell biology, but significant barriers remain. Details about the role of various types of nanomaterial in preclinical and clinical research have been reviewed elsewhere, but scant information exists about the influence of nanomaterials on stem cell biology. Herein, the authors highlight the current advances of nanotechnological approaches for expansion, differentiations, harvesting, labeling, imagining, tissue engineering, and organ engineering of different types of stem cells. The preclinical outcome of in vitro and in vivo animal experimentations along with some examples of clinical outcomes of nanomaterials on stem cell research is the main focus of this chapter. This book chapter might be an impetus for the present generation of young scientists to revolutionize the coming generation of effective human healthcare.
Acrylic Bone Cements: New Insight and Future Perspective
Authors: Cavalu Simona
Published: July 2017

The history of acrylic bone cement comprise a long period of time, Sir John Charnley being considered the founder of modern artificial joint replacement, as he started to develop the cementing in the late 1950s. Acrylic bone cements (ACB) are polymer-ceramic composites based on polymethyl metacrylate (PMMA), widely used in orthopaedics as suture materials and fixation devices. The main features of these materials are: 1) biocompatibility and ability to support new bone growth (osteoconductive) and 2) bioactivity (ability to form a calcium phosphate layer on its surface). The main function of the cement is to serve as interfacial phase between the high modulus metallic implant and the bone, thereby assisting to transfer and distribute loads. During years of follow up, cemented prosthesis with acrylic bone cements (ABC) demonstrated a good primary fixation and load distribution between implant and bone, along with the advantage of fast recovery of the patient. However, several problems are still persisting, as the orthopedic acrylic bone cements have to meet several medical requirements, such as low values of maximum cure temperature in order to avoid thermal necrosis of the bone tissue during the setting time, appropriate setting time (so that cement does not cure too fast or too slowly) and high values of compressive strength in order to withstand the compressive loads involved by normal daily activities. Generally, the improvement mechanical properties can be realized in three directions: 1) by searching alternative material to PMMA acrylic bone cements; 2) chemical modification of PMMA; and 3) the reinforcement of PMMA by adding different bioactive particles, antimicrobials, vitamins. The aim of this rewiew is to explore the development of bone cements in the last decade, to highlight the role of bone cement additives with respect to mechanical properties and limitations of polymethylmethacrylate in orthopaedic surgery. The behavior of antibiotic-loaded bone cement is discussed, compared with other alternative additives including nanofillers, together with areas of research that are now open to explore new insights and applications of this well known biomaterial.
Use of Collagen Scaffolds in Conjunction with NPWT for the Care of Complex Wounds: Clinical Report
Authors: Cristescu Ioan , Vilcioiu Daniel , Safta Florin , Istodorescu Mircea , Milea Claudia , Fiori Fabrizio , Mates Ileana , Lascar Ioan
Published: July 2017

Open wounds treatment is very often a challenge for both the physician and patient. They require long term complex treatment with surgical debridement, dressing changing, additional therapies including expensive medication, with a high risk of failure. The most difficult to treat are the diabetic wounds and those that are associated with advanced arterial disease. In these special cases, the peripheral vascularization is severely impaired and the complications are imminent. Sixteen patients were selected from those appearing to our hospital departments of orthopedic and plastic surgery. Inclusion criteria included patients with a recurrent mixed fibrotic and granular wound base following trauma or diabetes, in which NPWT was indicated, without exclusion criteria. Patients enrolled were treated with regularly scheduled NPWT dressing change and using of a collagen scaffold. Patients were followed until healing, with visual representations of wound progression and time to full healing recorded. Both applications of these therapies appeared to accelerate the wound healing by clearing degenerative fibrous tissue and expediting wound granulation without additional complication. Some of the patients were healed partially and plastic surgery techniques were applied. Use of collagen scaffolds in conjunction with negative pressure wound therapy in the care of complex wounds is a reliable and effective method combining both the new granular tissue formation capacity of the scaffold to hold osteoblasts. In our experience, we have noticed that the patients benefit greatly when collagen scaffolds is combined with NPWT. It is our belief that this combination therapy combines the molecular clearing of non-viable collagen with the wound granulation necessary to advance complex wounds in healing.
Psychotherapies for Anxiety and Depression: benefits and costs
Authors: For Anxiety and Depression Research Group for treatment
Published: July 2017

Not available.
Briquetting coal with binders and statistical evaluation of briquet tests
Authors: Charbonnier R P , Visman J
Published: July 2017

In view of the difficulties of controlling the various factors of coal briquetting with binder, statistical methods are very useful in the investigations of the briquetting process in laboratories, and even more so in industrial plants. A summary of the most
important recent developments in coal briquetting with binders is first given, in order to help in the planning of specific research programs under local conditions of individual briquetting plants. After a summary or previous studies on the evaluation of the physical quality of briquets, an
application of certain statistical methods is described, including factorial designs of experiments; analyses of variance; tests of significance; and correlation, regression and index formulae. A detailed description of such techniques is given with a view to facilitating the organization and
analysis of research programs by agglomeration engineers. For the convenience of the reader, the statistical data are gathered in an Appendix.
The use of probability paper for the determination of diffusion coefficients
Authors: Keys J D
Published: July 2017

A graphical method using probability paper for determination of diffusion coefficients, subject to certain boundary conditions, has been investigated in detail. This method has been analysed mathematically and previously noted solutions have been extended to the
additional case of constant surface concentration.
The calculation of the pore size distribution from the nitrogen desorption isotherm
Authors: Machin W D , Parsons B I , Montgomery D S
Published: July 2017

An apparatus is described for the determination of the adsorption-desorption isotherms of nitrogen on pellets of catalyst. Three methods of calculating the pore size distribution from the desorption isotherms are compared on three samples. The results of the
investigation indicate that the best method of determining the pore size distribution is by a numerical integration of the desorption data. The other methods, although faster and easier, can result in a misleading distribution
Ferrites: general description and fabrication of toroids
Authors: Sadler A G
Published: July 2017

The use of ferrites in electronic and magnetic devices is expanding rapidly. This report gives an account of the work concerning these materials which was carried out in the Ceramic Section of the Mineral Processing Division during the year 1958-59. A general
description of the structure, magnetic properties, uses, methods of preparation and ceramic aspects of ferrites is given. A technique for the fabrication of ceramic toroidal shapes is described. Specimens of nickel ferrite, with and without additions of cobalt oxide, were fired under various
experimental conditions. Density and shrinkage measurements are reported. The construction, development and operation of an atmosphere-controlled, propane-gas-fired furnace are described in an appendix.
Laboratory development of corrosion-inhibiting coatings for mine hoist wire rope
Authors: Dingley W
Published: July 2017

Results of laboratory tests are given on a compound designed to protect zinc-coated steel wire mine hoist rope. In a preliminary screening test it was learned that a combination of a road-construction asphalt, zinc chromate and trichlorethylene gave better
results than a number of compounds presently used for wire rope protection. A second series of tests on zinc-coated wire from mine hoist rope, using various proportions of asphalt, zinc chromate and trichlorethylene, showed that coatings having an asphalt to zinc chromate ratio of about 1:1 gave
best results. The asphalt-zinc chromate-trichlorethylene coating is recommended for both used and unused ropes.
Experimental studies relating mineralogical and petrographic features to the thermal piercing of rocks
Authors: Soles J A , Geller L B
Published: July 2017

The mineralogical relations, petrographic features and certain other physical properties of several classical rock types are compared with the results of laboratory scale jet-flame piercing tests on large samples of the rocks. The comparison has provided
information which may be used to assess the potential usefulness of jet-flame rock drills in areas where the geology is known. The compressive strength and specific heat of a rock cannot be used to predict its pierceability by a jet flame. Linear thermal expansion is an unreliable indicator of a
rock's pierceability. Textural, structural and, particularly, mineralogical information, however, can be used to predict how a rock will respond to thermal shock. The rocks examined and their respective piercing characteristics are described. Quartz, nepheline and dolomite favour the spalling
process; thus, rocks of the granite, quartz-rich metamorphic, nepheline syenite and dolostone classes should be pierced easily. Micas and mafic minerals tend to reduce the efficiency of the spalling process. Certain textural relationships of minerals, such as graphic intergrowth, may favour
disintegration of a rock. Structural weaknesses, soft materials, and schistosity in rocks retard the piercing process.
Addendum to bureau of mines report no. 826 (volumes 1-3, 1949), "Drilling and sampling of bituminous sands of northern Alberta"
Authors: Bowles K W , Draper R G
Published: July 2017

The report on the drilling and sampling of the bituminous sands of Northern Alberta was published in three volumes in 1949 and presents an appraisal of the bituminous sands from the results of drilling, sampling and analysis. This addendum gives a brief
description of the method of analysis and shows how these data were used to evaluate the average bitumen and clay contents of the drill-hole cores An explanation of other relevant items is also included. This information was not covered by the 1949 report, but is considered necessary for the proper
understanding of the procedures that were employed in carrying out the investigation.
The preparation of commercial-grade vanadium pentoxide from boiler fly ash
Authors: Vezina J A , Gow W A
Published: July 2017

A method has been developed for the preparation of commercial grade vanadium pentoxide from boiler fly ash submitted by Canadian Petrofina Limited. Laboratory tests have shown that a sulphuric acid leach followed by the oxidation of the leach solution with sodium
chlorate and the precipitation of the vanadium with ammonia will produce commercial vanadium pentoxide of a grade suitable for the production of ferro-vanadium alloys. The overall recovery of vanadium was about 90 per cent and the consumption of chemical reagents was about 3.5 lb H2SO4' 0.25 lb
NaC10 3 and 1 lb NH 3 per pound of recovered V 2 0 5'
A comparison of the effects of uranium and molybdenum alloying additions on the corrosion resistance of AISI type 430 stainless steel
Authors: Biefer G J , Garrison J G
Published: July 2017

To compare the effects of uranium and molybdenum alloying additions, laboratory corrosion tests were performed on AISI Type 430 stainless steels containing 0, 24% and 0,55% uranium, and 1, 02% and 2, 03% molybdenum. In comparison with a similar
unalloyed steel, both additions brought about qualitatively similar improvements of corrosion resistance both in non-oxidizing sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid solutions and oxidizing ferric chloride solution. In these solutions, the corrosion resistance of the molybdenum-bearing steels was
definitely superior to that of the uranium-bearing steels. In tests in boiling 65% nitric acid, the uranium-bearing steels and the steel containing .1, 02% molybdenum showed excellent corrosion resistance, resembling that of the -unalloyed steel, However, the steel containing 2,03%
molybdenum showed extremely poor corrosion resistance in this medium. Anodic polarization measurements on the steels yielded results which appeared to correlate with the behaviour of the steels in the corrosion tests in oxidizing solutions containing the chloride ion. The uranium content for maximum
corrosion resistance appears to lie at 0,5% or less, It is therefore clear that molybdenum is capable of imparting greater improvements in corrosion resistance to AISI Type 430 stainless steel than uranium, although higher levels of molybdenum are necessary to achieve
this
Simple, low-rate feeder for water-insoluble flotation reagents
Authors: Sirois L L , Takamori T
Published: July 2017

A simple feeder to deliver water-insoluble flotation reagents in very small quantities was built. The action of this feeder is based on the regulated production of gases from the hydrolysis of water, to exert a positive pressure on a reagent and thus expel it at
the required rate through a suitable feed arrangement. The accuracy of the feeder depends on the stability of the direct current produced, on the large quantities of minute gas bubbles formed at the electrodes in the hydrolysis cell, and on the formation of small drops of reagent at the feeding end.
This feeder will deliver from 0. 026 to 0. 250 cc of solution or liquid per minute, with actual reagent-feed rates depending on dilution or specific gravity of liquid reagents.
Factors influencing the application of bacterial leaching to a Canadian uranium ore
Authors: Harrison V F , Gow W A , Hughson M R
Published: July 2017

Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the effects of particle size and composition of the leaching solution on the extraction of uranium from an Elliot Lake ore in the presence of bacteria. It was shown that the leaching of particles coarser than 4 mesh
in the presence of the Ferrobacillus-Thiobacillus group of bacteria was a very slow process, with only 70% of the uranium being extracted in thirty-two weeks. Uranium extractions of 90% were obtained when leaching particles finer than 4 mesh, in periods ranging from five to twenty weeks. The
work showed that for ores coarser than 8 mesh it was necessary to add initially to the leach solution 1.0 g Fe/ 1 and nutrient salts containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Extraction rate of uranium increased with initial iron concentrations of up to 1.0 g Fe+41 1. The addition of iron and
nutrient was not required for ores finer than 8 mesh. The work also indicated that the extraction rate is determined by the rate at which the leaching solutions can penetrate the particles to depth. Further tests showed that bacterial leaching could be used to recover most of the uranium from reject
mill products such as flotation tailings. Mineralogical studies were done to determine how bacterial leaching affected the minerals present in the Elliot Lake ore.
The effects of alloying additions upon the polarization behaviour of AISI type 430 stainless steel
Authors: Biefer G J , Garrison J G
Published: July 2017

Anodic and cathodic polarization measurements were performed in normal H2SO 4, with and without an addition of 0.5 normal NaC1, on AISI Type 430 stainless steels alloyed with each of Mo, V, W, Ta, Si, Re, Pd, and Ge. For each addition, the changes brought about
in anodic and/or cathodic polarization behaviour were related to changes in corrosion resistance in sulphuric acid and in other aqueous corrodants
Comparison of field and laboratory corrosion tests of AISI type 430 stainless steels
Authors: Garrison J G , Biefer G J
Published: July 2017

Field tests and accelerated dip-and-dry laboratory tests were carried out to determine the effects of additions of uranium and molybdenum on the corrosion properties of AISI Type 430 stainless steel used as automotive trim A slight increase in corrosion
resistance was obtained with an alloy containing 0.24% uranium, while no deleterious effect was experienced with an alloy containing 0.55% uranium. Increased corrosion resistance was observed with increased molybdenum for two alloys, one of which contained 1.02% and the other 2.03%
molybdenum. Correlation of results between the accelerated dip-and-dry laboratory tests and the field tests was not entirely satisfactory. There was, however, some area of agreement between these tests, and further use of the accelerated laboratory test appears warranted.
The construction, operation and performance of an equipment for differential thermal analysis
Authors: Lake R H
Published: July 2017

A description is given of an equipment for use in differential thermal analysis. The equipment, which was designed and built in the Mines Branch, is capable of operating at high sensitivity and stability at temperatures up to 1600°C in air or in any
controlled atmosphere at 1 atm. pressure, or in vacuum up to 1250°C. Details are given of the engineering specifications of the components and of precautions to be taken in order to obtain satisfactory operation. Typical DTA curves, showing the types of result that can be obtained with the
equipment, are included. Possible sources of supply of the various components are quoted.
The fatigue properties of materials
Authors: Eeles E G , Thurston R C A
Published: July 2017

Fatigue is the process responsible for the majority of service failures of engineering components and structures, and consequently its many ramifications have been intensively studied by physicists, metallurgists and engineers. The process consists essentially of
two separate stages, crack initiation and crack propagation, which are affected differently by external variables. The mechanisms responsible for the development of these two stages, the parameters which control them, and the empirical relationships derived for the use of design engineers are
discussed on the basis of the most recent available information. Attention is drawn to those areas where further fundamental or applied research is required, and some of the limitations of existing theories are mentioned. The fatigue properties of ultra-high-strength steels, aluminum alloys,
titanium alloys, and composite materials (both metallic and non-metallic), are presented and discussed in terms of the foregoing review. In particular, the effects of the environment are examined in the light of the theme of the International Symposium on MATERIALS, KEY TO EFFECTIVE USE OF THE SEA,
held in New York, N.Y., September 12-14, 1967.
Formulation and growth of present ideas on heat-affected-zone cracking
Authors: Winterton K
Published: July 2017

Heat-affected-zone cracking is a problem in the metal-arc welding of hardenable steels. Encountered first in welding armour, the problem has persisted because high strength is now demanded in steels for many purposes. There are four main factors responsible: a)
The hardenability of the steel which depends on carbon and alloy content. b) The cooling rate in the joint which depends on heat input, thermal severity and ambient temperature. c) The hydrogen available in the heat-affected zone, most commonly derived from moisture in the electrode covering. d)
Stresses built up in the joint because of thermal contractions. The origins of the salient ideas about the problem have been traced among the more important contributions to an abundant literature on the subject. The fairly obvious dangers of heat affected zone cracking are dealt with briefly.
Methods of varying complexity, based mainly on the elimination of hydrogen and the control of heat input, are described for the prevention of heat-affected-zone cracking.
Test for percolation rate, or coefficient of permeability, of fill
Authors:   Ground Control Research Group, Mining Research Centre
Published: July 2017

To provide the benefits of obtaining a measure of the percolation rate of fill that can be related to previous experience and to the practices of others, a tentative standard is proposed for use by Canadian mining companies. A draft of this tentative
specification was examined by selected companies of the Mining Association of Canada which made suggestions for modifications. It is possible that further improvements can be made which will come to light after using the procedure. In this way, it is expected that the specification will evolve into
a firm standard for Canada. The report includes the specifications for a Quick Test to be used for routine quality control. Specifications for a Long Test are also provided for use in special studies and research.
Improvement of a continuous process for the production of high-purity tungstic trioxide from scheelite precipitation and removal of iron with ammonium and magnesium chlorides
Authors: Vezina J A , Gow W A
Published: July 2017

Test work was carried out to remove iron and other impurities from a sodium tungstate solution. This constituted an improvement to the process previously developed at the Mines Branch for refining Canadian scheelite concentrates of grades as low as 41 per cent
WOQ . In this test work, by making the intermediate sodium tungstate solution ammoniacal and adding specific quantities of magnesium chloride and ammonium chloride, the iron concentration was decreased from 0.33 to 0.007 gram Fe per litre. When the basic process was modified to include this
iron-removal step, it was capable of producing ammonium paratungstate of a chemical purity suitable for the production of tungsten metal. The additional cost involved in the precipitation of the iron from the process circuit was $0.023 per pound of tungsten obtained.
An introduction to the theory, measurement and application of semiconductor transport properties of minerals
Authors: Baleshta T M , Dibbs H P
Published: July 2017

An introductory account is given of some of the basic ideas of semiconductor physics and of the measurement techniques frequently used to characterize semiconductor transport behaviour. The application of some of these ideas and measurements to mineral
beneficiation is discussed.
Stress-corrosion cracking tests on some high-strength steels, using the USNRL cantilever method
Authors: Biefer G J , Garrison J G
Published: July 2017

A stress-corrosion cracking test developed at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., has been used at the Physical Metallurgy Division to test the cracking susceptibility of a number of high-strength steels. Results are reported which were obtained
in stress-corrosion tests on an 18% Ni maraging steel (both parent and weld metal), an HP-9-4-25 steel, a copper-nickel low-alloy steel developed at the Physical Metallurgy Division, and a 17/4 PH stainless steel in each of the 11900 and 111000 conditions. For each of these steels, the tendency
to fracture under dry conditions was compared with that resulting from immersion in 3.5% NaC1 solution in the unpolarized state. The effects of cathodic protection by 5083 aluminum alloy and zinc were also investigated.
An automated system for continuous monitoring of CO2, co and 02 in boiler flue gas
Authors: Jeffrey R K , Lee G K
Published: July 2017

The report de scribe s an automated system for sampling, analyzing and recording constituents of boiler flue gases. The system employs non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometers for analyzing CO2 and CO and a thermomagnetic sensor for analyzing 02. Each analyzer
is supplied with a clean, dry stream of flue gas to ensure a high degree of analytical sensitivity, selectivity and accuracy. Response time between sample inlet and readout is less than 40 sec because the three analyzers require only about 2 per cent of the total sample flow. The system has been in
operation for over three years and during this time it has been proved reliable, rugged and trouble-free.
Equipment for incineration of municipal waste
Authors: Friedrich F D
Published: July 2017

Incineration offers one method of coping with the rapidly increasing quantities of solid municipal waste, but incinerators must be carefully designed and operated to avoid air pollution. Some of the North American codes governing incinerator construction are
outlined, and a range of available equipment is described, from small incinerators suitable for apartment buildings or commercial establishments, to large European systems which produce steam for district heating or power generation. It is pointed out that small incinerators are, essentially, volume
reduction devices using substantial quantities of high-quality fuel to support the incineration process, whereas large heat-recovery incinerators use the waste as fuel to produce energy.