bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rede de aprendizagem agroecológica entre agricultores familiares
Authors: Da Silva Eliane Alves , Pedrozo Eugenio Avila , De Souza Mariluce Paes , Aguiar Sandra da Cruz Garcia do Espírito Santo
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o desenvolvimento da rede de aprendizagem agroecológica entre agricultores familiares do município de Porto Velho-RO. A análise contribui com uma nova teoria do aprendizado agroecológico transformador, baseada em quatro características ou qualidades principais: aprendizado horizontal; diálogo de saberes; combinação de conhecimentos políticos e práticos; e construção redes de movimentos sociais. Por meio de um estudo de caso com múltiplas fontes de evidências, como documentos, entrevistas e observações. Para isso, foram realizadas 7 entrevistas semiestruturadas com 2 técnicos da Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura (SEAGRI), 1 técnica da Secretaria Municipal de Agricultura (SEMAGRIC) e 4 agricultores de produção agroecológica. O tratamento dos dados ocorreu por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. O artigo levanta questões sobre a natureza da aprendizagem transformadora agroecológica, em termos da sistematização da prática atual, dos aspectos organizacionais, inovações metodológicas que enfatizam a aprendizagem de baixo para cima e educação crítica de maneira duradoura. O aprofundamento nas questões levantadas potencializa estudos futuros. Verificou-se que a aprendizagem agroecológica transformadora se concretiza, porém há alguns pontos como planejamento estratégico e recursos para a ativação de seu aprimoramento devem ser trabalhados. Conclui-se que o financiamento estatal pode mudar da atual ênfase em soluções tecnológicas de cima para baixo, e de maneira adequada apoiar os processos descentralizados de aprendizagem social avançado pelos movimentos sociais.
Modelling Tree Height-Diameter Relationship in a Mixed Forest Plantation
Authors: Chenge I. B. , Iorver B. , Japheth D. H.
Published: July 2023

The diameters and heights of the trees are two of the most important measurements in a forest inventory for biomass estimation and sustainable management. Measuring tree height in a forest stand is time consuming and costly, it is necessary to develop models that accurately estimate tree heights from easily measured variables (tree diameter). This study aims to develop models for estimating tree height in a forest plantation located in North-central, Nigeria. The systematic sampling method was used to twenty-one 0.09 ha sample plots in study area. Data on tree height and diameter were collected.  Artificial neural network (ANN) model, support vector regression (SVR) model, and four empirical nonlinear models were tested for estimating tree height. The models were evaluated using the Coefficient of Determination, Residual standard Error, Mean Bias and Akaike’s Information Criterion. The results showed that the SVR model best predicted tree heights in the study area than the ANN and empirical nonlinear models. The SVR model explained about 94% variance associating with the dependent variable. The SVR model can be conveniently used for predicting the height of trees in the study area.
Understand how changes to AGA's code of ethics impact sports wagering and college campuses
Authors: Romano Robert J.
Published: July 2023

The American Gaming Association updated its Responsible Marketing Code for Sports Wagering in March of this year. (The AGA is the national trade group representing the U.S. casino industry, which includes both commercial and tribal casino operators, their suppliers, and certain affiliated entities.) These changes were the most significant since the code's inception in 2019, and include heightened protections for “college‐aged audiences,” through the following means:
Global leadership in paediatric and congenital cardiac care: education and empowerment to improve outcomes in low- and middle-income countries – an interview with Krishna Kumar, MD, DM FAHA
Authors: Marshall Mayme E. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Tretter Justin T.
Published: July 2023

Dr Krishna Kumar is the focus of our sixth in a series of interviews in Cardiology in the Young entitled, “Global Leadership in Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care.” Dr Kumar was born in Raurkela, India. He attended medical school at Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, graduating in 1984. Dr Kumar then went on to complete internal medicine, emergency medicine, and adult cardiology training at All India Institute of Medical Sciences in 1988, 1989, and 1990, respectively. He then pursued paediatric cardiology training at Harvard Medical School in Boston, MA, USA. Dr Kumar began his clinical position as a paediatric cardiologist at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences in Kochi, Kerala, India.

During his impressive career, Dr Kumar has made significant contributions to educational advancement, research and innovation, public health advocacy, and clinical care. Dr Kumar is credited for distinguishing paediatric cardiology as a distinct subspecialty in India. He was a founding member of the Pediatric Cardiology Society of India and the original editor of the society’s academic journal. Recognising the deficit of paediatric cardiology-trained physicians in low- and middle-income countries, Dr Kumar helped establish formal structured training programmes for paediatric cardiology in India. More recently, he established the Children’s HeartLink Fellowships in paediatric cardiac sciences at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences in Kochi and Institut Jantung Negara in Malaysia. Through educational programmes, Dr Kumar has taught countless caregivers and paediatricians, in India and neighbouring countries, the early identification and management of children with CHD. Dr Kumar has established a premier paediatric heart programme at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences. As department Chief, he emphasises the importance of teamwork, advocacy, and continuous quality improvement. He has developed numerous low-cost strategies for the management of CHD. He has established large community-based studies on rheumatic heart disease and CHD in South India. Dr Kumar’s focus on advocacy and policy change in India has made a substantial impact on early identification and treatment of CHD in the subcontinent. He has made a global impact on the care of paediatric cardiology patients through his educational programmes, research and innovation, large-scale research registries, and advocacy for public health policy changes. He is an incredibly humble and generous leader, and his patients and community are the source of his unending motivation.
The hydrodynamic properties of an autonomous underwater helicopter
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional numerical simulations identify key qualities to determine thruster ability, trajectory, and drag reduction.
How to facilitate manufacturing industry learning from problems: a review on advanced technology problem-solving
Authors: Mohlin Alice
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is twofold: to identify and map contemporary research on advanced technology implementations for problem-solving purposes in the manufacturing industry, and to further understand the organizational learning possibilities of advanced technology problem-solving in the manufacturing industry.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper outlines a scoping review of contemporary research on the subject. The findings of the review are discussed in the light of theories of contradicting learning logics.

Findings

This paper shows that contemporary research on the subject is characterized by technological determinism and strong solution-focus. A discussion on the manufacturing industries’ contextual reasons for this in relation to contradicting learning logics shows that a Mode-2 problem-solving approach could facilitate further learning and expand knowledge on advanced technology problem-solving in the manufacturing industry. A research agenda with six propositions is provided.

Originality/value

The introduction of advanced technology implies complex effects on the manufacturing industry in general, while previous research shows a clear focus on technological aspects of this transformation. This paper provides value by providing novel knowledge on the relationship between advanced technology, problem-solving and organizational learning in the manufacturing industry.
Association between intrapleural urokinase monotherapy and treatment failure in patients with pleural infection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Taniguchi Jumpei , Matsui Hiroki , Nagai Tatsuya , Otsuki Ayumu , Ito Hiroyuki , Sugimura Hiroshi , Nakashima Kei
Published: July 2023

Background

Pleural infection, an infection of the pleural space, is frequently treated with antibiotics and thoracic tube drainage. In case of insufficient drainage, an intrapleural fibrinolytic agent is considered before surgical intervention. However, the effectiveness of fibrinolytic monotherapy is still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between urokinase monotherapy and treatment failure in patients with pleural infection.

Methods

In this retrospective observational study, patients with pleural infection underwent chest tube insertion were divided into two groups including patients treated with or without intrapleural instillation of urokinase. The propensity score overlap weighting was used to balance the baseline characteristics between the groups. Treatment failure was defined by the composite primary outcome of in-hospital death and referral for surgery.

Results

Among the 94 patients, 67 and 27 patients were in the urokinase and non-urokinase groups, respectively. Urokinase monotherapy improved the composite outcome between the groups (19.4% vs. 48.1%, p = 0.01). After adjusting using propensity score overlap weighting, urokinase monotherapy improved the composite outcome compared to the non-urokinase group (19.0% vs. 59.5%, p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Urokinase monotherapy can be an important nonsurgical treatment option for patients with pleural infection.

Trial registration

The participants were retrospectively registered.
Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi
Authors: Calabon Mark S. , Jones E.B. Gareth , Pang Ka-Lai , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed A. , Jin Jing , Devadatha Bandarupalli , Sadaba Resurreccion B. , Apurillo Carlo Chris , Hyde Kevin D.
Published: July 2023

This article revises the documented diversity of known marine fungi from nine phyla, 33 classes, 107 orders, 273 families, 767 genera and 1898 species reported worldwide. A member of the Aphelidiomycota, Pseudaphelidium drebesii, is reported for the first time from the marine environment, on a diatom. Likewise, the phylum Mortierellomycota is listed following taxonomic changes, as are six subclasses: Chaetothyriomycetidae, Savoryellomycetidae, Sclerococcomycetidae, Agaricostilbomycetidae, Auriculariomycetidae and Aphelidiomycotina. Thirty-three orders and 105 family names with marine species are added to the checklist, along with 641 species in 228 genera, bringing the total to 1898. New additions of species added to the list of marine fungi are highlighted. Four new combinations are proposed: Stigmatodiscus mangrovei, Diaporthe krabiensis and Diaporthe xylocarpi, while the hyphomycete Humicola alopallonella is referred to the genus Halosphaeriopsis, as Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella.
O brincar como estratégia no atendimento fisioterapêutico da criança hospitalizada sob a percepção do acompanhante: um estudo transversal descritivo
Authors: Santos Stephanie Barbosa Barreto , Andrade Maria Carolina de Britto
Published: July 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: Relatar a percepção familiar e/ou do acompanhante em relação à importância da utilização do brincar como recurso no tratamento fisioterapêutico de crianças hospitalizadas. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal. A população do estudo foi composta por acompanhantes das crianças admitidas na Enfermaria Pediátrica do Hospital Geral Roberto Santos e em acompanhamento fisioterapêutico. Foram coletados dados secundários para confirmação do tempo de início do atendimento com a equipe de Fisioterapia e dados primários por meio da aplicação de formulário no período de abril a junho de 2022. O instrumento foi composto por blocos de questões sociodemográficas, atividades sociais da criança anteriormente à hospitalização, comportamento da criança durante a hospitalização. Outrossim, aderência/aceitação ao tratamento, reação emocional e interesse durante e após intervenção utilizando o brincar. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados um total de 37 acompanhantes. Em relação às características sociodemográficas das crianças, 64,9% foram do sexo masculino e a idade de maior frequência foi entre dois a cinco anos. No que se caracteriza o humor da criança perante a hospitalização, antes da intervenção 81,1% relataram choro e 64,9% medo. Por fim, 59,5% dos acompanhantes salientaram ótima aderência/aceitação, 75,7% mencionaram melhora do humor, além de 83,8% classificarem como ótimo o interesse e a interação da criança. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Constatou-se, com base na percepção dos acompanhantes, que o brincar como ferramenta coadjuvante das condutas fisioterapêuticas na enfermaria pediátrica é importante no tratamento da criança hospitalizada, pois melhora o humor, a aceitação, interação/interesse durante e depois intervenção, o que torna o cuidado mais integral e humanizado.
İzmir İktisat Kongresi Sonrasında Kurulan Anonim Şirketlerin Finans Sorunları ve Kamu İktisadi Teşekkülünün Kuruluş Süreci: Sümerbank Örneği
Authors: ERDAL İbrahim
Published: July 2023

İzmir’de düzenlenen İktisat Kongresinde ülkenin hammadde kaynaklarının çeşitliliğine vurgu yapılarak geleneksel işçilik ve küçük ölçekli imalathanelere sahip olan yerli tüccar sınıfının şirket olması gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Çeltik, dokuma, iplik, un gibi tarımsal üretim malları üzerinden tüccar sınıfının şirketleşmesinde bir ölçüde başarı sağlanmış ise de bu yatırım çeşitliliği sanayi ve madenler bağlamında istenilen düzeye gelememiştir. Bu süreçte Anadolu’da kurulan Anonim Şirketlerin ve küçük işletmelerin finans ihtiyacını karşılayacak bir bankacılık sisteminin olmaması kalkınma modelinde en önemli sorun olmuş, bu sorunu çözmek amacıyla 19 Nisan 1925 tarihinde Türkiye Sanayi ve Maadin Bankası kurulmuştur. Ancak hisse ortaklığı ve kredi ile destek olunan Anonim Şirketler bir süre sonra modernizasyona ayrılan aşırı bütçesi, üretim ve pazarda yaşadıkları sorunları sonucunda mali durumlarını geliştiremedikleri için Banka’ya devredilmiştir. Bundan dolayı banka hem piyasada şirketlere destek veren hem de bu şirketlerle rekabete giren bir duruma düşmüştür. Hisse çoğunluğu bankanın idaresine geçtiği için devletin elinde kalan ve kamu iktisadi teşekküllerine dönüşen bu anonim şirketlerin yeniden düzenlenmesi, üretime dâhil edilmesi ve devlet eliyle işletilmesi amacıyla 1933 yılında Sümerbank kurulmuştur. Bu makalede bir kamu iktisadi teşekkülü olan Sümerbank'ın kuruluşuna kadar geçen süreç, daha önce kurulmuş olan banka ve anonim şirketlerin faaliyetleri üzerinden arşiv belgelerine dayalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
En defensa de la democracia y contra el totalitarismo rojo
Authors: Yévenes Canales Daniel
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar el rol asumido por la diplomacia chilena en el Consejo de Seguridad durante la crisis política en Checoslovaquia. De esta coyuntura, se distinguen dos factores que incidieron en la postura adoptada por el gobierno chileno de Gabriel González Videla: la política doméstica y el escenario internacional. Ambos escenarios sustentaron la acción diplomática presentada en las Naciones Unidas, que provocó una confrontación directa entre Santiago y Moscú. Es en las consecuencias de este escenario diplomático, y ante la ausencia de trabajos específicos respecto al actuar de Chile en las vicisitudes de la Guerra Fría, en donde radica la importancia de este trabajo. Metodológicamente, fue necesario realizar un análisis cualitativo de fuentes documentales obtenidas del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile, memorias del mandatario Gabriel González Videla y actas de los debates originados por la denuncia chilena en las Naciones Unidas.
Ground Penetrating Radar Model and its Validation using Developed Prototype
Authors: raha Krishnendu , Ray K. P.
Published: July 2023

This communication presents an end-to-end model of continuous-wave ground penetrating radar using Matlab Simulink. This model includes the modelling of a radar system, soil environment with associated attenuation and reflection of the incident signal and the target and its positioning. For a chosen frequency of operation, isolation between the antennas, soil composition and target simulations are carried out by keeping the target at a different depth. The simulation results are validated by experimenting with a ground-penetrating radar prototype. For validation, experiments with two different sized targets kept at different depths in two types of soil have been conducted and compared with simulation results. This validation demonstrates that the proposed model closely approximates the physical design. The presented model demonstrates the potential for reducing the time and the number of design and development iterations for realizing a continuous wave ground-penetrating radar, physically.
The effectiveness of the WHO school mental health package in promoting mental health literacy among secondary school teachers in Qatar: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Elyamani Rowaida , Singh Rajvir , Saeed Khalid , Musa Afrah , Alkubaisi Noora , Bougmiza Mohamed Iheb
Published: July 2023

Teachers’ mental health literacy (MHL) is fundamental for recognizing and assisting students with mental disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the World Health Organization School Mental Health Program (WHO-SMHP) in promoting MHL among secondary schools’ teachers in Qatar. We conducted a two-arm randomized control trial. Teachers working in governmental secondary schools were eligible for selection. A total of 16 schools (8 intervention, 8 control) randomly selected and stratified by gender then randomly assigned (1:1). Participants and study team were aware of group assignment. Assessment of teachers’ MHL was at day 0, 3 then 3 months afterward. Bivariant analysis and Generalized Estimating Equations were used in analysis. The primary outcome was teachers MHL. Secondary outcome was the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on the level of MHL. Between October 30, 2018 and March 21, 2019, we randomly assigned 195 teachers from 16 schools to attend training workshop on WHO-SMHP (n = 95) or usual practice (n = 100). Compared with controls, teachers from intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in the level of MHL at day three (mean difference 19.08, 95% CI 17 to 21.16, Cohen’s d = 2.63; p < 0.001) and after three months (mean difference 16.61, 95% CI 13.96 to 19.26, Cohen’s d = 1.86; p < 001). There were no significant differences related to influence of other variables on MHL. To our knowledge, this is the first trial to prove the effectiveness of the (WHO-SMHP) in promoting teachers MHL, which can be successfully implemented in a wider scale.
Impact of Health Literacy, Social Support, and Socioeconomic Position on Serum Uric Acid Level of Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia Patients in China: a structural equation model
Authors: Jing Yunfang , Ma Lilai , Zhang Yuanfang , Li Xiaohong , Jiang Jun , Long Jie , Ma Ling
Published: July 2023

Background
Hyperuricemia poses a significant public health challenge on a global scale, with a concerning trend of affecting younger populations, while the rates of awareness and control remain suboptimal. The role of health literacy in influencing health outcomes is of utmost importance, and enhancing health literacy is helpful for patients in managing risk factors. Additionally, social support and socioeconomic position (SEP) have been identified as potential factors influencing health. However, the precise relationship between these factors and hyperuricemia remains uncertain. The study aims to investigate the status of health literacy among patients with hyperuricemia and explore the relationship between health literacy, social support, SEP, and serum uric acid.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 349 participants with asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Luzhou of China. The research instrument included the Sociodemographics characteristics questionnaire, Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS), and Social Support Scale (SSRS). The construction of the SEP index was achieved through the application of principal component analysis. Univariate and hierarchical regression analyses were used to measure the association of health literacy, social support, SEP, and serum uric acid. Furthermore, structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to examine this association.
Results
(1) Most patients exhibited low health literacy (90.18 ± 15.11), and only 44.4% possess basic health literacy. (2) SEP was positively correlated with SUA (β = 4.086, P< 0.001), health literacy was negatively related to SUA level (β = -0.399, P < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between social support and SUA (β = 0.051, P= 1.085). (3) Health literacy mediates the association between SEP and serum uric acid (β = -0.490, 95% CI: -0.620 to -0.382). The direct effect of SEP on SUA and health literacy was 0.723 and 0.696, respectively and the total effect of SEP on SUA was 0.233.
Conclusions
The findings indicate a low level of health literacy among patients with AHU and suggest that health literacy may play a mediating role in the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Consequently, it is recommended that future initiatives prioritize health literacy and devise appropriate intervention strategies to enhance the self-management capabilities of patients with AHU.
A Novel Approach for Medical Image Security Using the Radon Transform and AES-CBC Algorithm
Authors: Sulaman Muhammad , umer Hafiz Gulfam , Iqbal kasif , Jatoi Muhammad Uzair , Abid Muhammad Shoaib
Published: July 2023

For communication and protection of sensitive medical images, image encryption is necessary. In this research, an innovative hybrid encryption method that com- bines the Radon transform with the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) algorithm is proposed. The CBC method employs a chaining mechanism and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to protect each block of data. The Radon transform converts an encrypted image into a sinogram while preserving key components of the actual image. From the sinogram representation, the encrypted image is reconstructed using the inverse Radon transform. The proposed approach also employs padding removal for precise image reconstruction and median filter- ing to reduce noise. PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio), MSE (Mean Squared Error), and SSIM (Structural Similarity Index) are employed to evaluate the claimed technique in this research. The suggested approach successfully recon- structs and encrypts medical images while retaining image quality, according to experimental findings. The study contributes to the creation of image encryp- tion methods for medical imaging applications. This protects private medical information confidentiality and privacy.
Resolution on the results of the round table “NTRK-positive tumors: diagnosis and treatment”
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2023

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Electrical conductivity and interface phenomena in thin-film heterostructures based on lithium niobate and lithium tantalate
Authors: Gudkov S. I.  , Solnyshkin A. V.  , Zhukov R. N.  , Kiselev D. A.  , Semenova E. M.  , Belov A.N.
Published: July 2023

In this work, the electrophysical properties of metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structures --- Cu/LiNbO3/Si and Ag/LiTaO3/Si --- with a ferroelectric layer thickness of 200 nm have been studied. The ferroelectric layers were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering. A topography study of thin film surface revealed a grain structure. The electrical conductivity mechanisms in Cu/LiNbO3/Si and Ag/LiTaO3/Si were considered. In a dependence of bias voltage value, there are a space charge-limited current, hopping conduction, and Schottky emission in Cu/LiNbO3/Si structures. For Ag/LiTaO3/Si structures, the space charge-limited current and hopping conduction were observed. An asymmetry of the current-voltage characteristics may indicate the presence of a potential barrier at the interface. For the studied structures, the value of the potential barrier was determined Keywords: metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structures, thin films, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, electrophysical properties, electrical conductivity, potential barrier.
A Case Report of Dizziness with Postural Hypotension Improved by Korean Medicine Treatment
Authors: Kim Jeong-hui , Park Ye-seul , Song Ju-yeon , Yoo Ho-ryong , Seol In-chan , Kim Yoon-sik
Published: July 2023

Background: Postural hypotension refers to a drop in systolic blood pressure of 20 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of 10 mmHg or more within three minutes after standing up from lying down. Symptoms of postural hypotension not only include dizziness and blurred vision but also fatigue, cognitive decline, leg weakness, headache, and, in severe cases, fainting. Postural hypotension is a phenomenon that occurs in about 6% of the total population, and in Korea, the number of patients with postural hypotension is continuously increasing. Both pharmacological and non-drug therapies, which are treatment methods for this disease, do not show a satisfactory symptom improvement effect.Case summary: A 65-year-old male patient who visited the hospital complaining of dizziness and paresthesia due to postural hypotension was treated with acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine. For symptom evaluation, the numeric rating scale (NRS) of each symptom was used, and blood pressure change according to posture was measured. After treatment, the NRSs of dizziness and dysesthesia were decreased, and blood pressure changes according to posture was improved.Conclusion: This case report suggests that Korean medicine treatment, including acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine, can be an effective treatment for dizziness with postural hypotension.
Constitutional and legal provision of a person’s freedom of reproductive choice
Authors: Lebedieva Y.V.
Published: July 2023

The article examines the constitutional and legal regulation of freedom of reproductive choice, as one of the fundamental reproductive rights of a person. It has been established that the formation of one’s own concept of reproductive rights within the framework of the Constitution of Ukraine and industry legislation is significant in connection with the general demographic situation in Ukraine and the development of legal relations that arise when a person exercises their reproductive rights. Attention is focused on the fact that in ensuring the realization of reproductive rights, it is urgent to recognize public organizations as active subjects of political, social and economic life, their right to participate in the formation of policy in the field of reproduction, health care, and family planning. It is noted that the content of freedom of reproductive choice is embodied not only in respect for the reproductive autonomy of a person, but also in effective directions of state regulation. It is emphasized that the legislation of Ukraine on the regulation of legal relations in the reproductive sphere requires improvement in connection with the absence of a law that would regulate the grounds and procedure for the use of reproductive technologies, the principles that should be guided by their application, the specifics of the implementation of state policy in the sphere of population, etc. The authors conclude that the main directions of state regulation in the aspect of ensuring freedom of reproductive choice should be: development and improvement of legislation in the field of health care; development of the reproductive health care system; formation and improvement of legislation in the field of reproductive health; involvement of public organizations in informational and educational activities aimed at solving problems of reproductive health protection; support for families with children; provision of psychological and legal assistance to individuals in exercising their reproductive rights; state support for scientific research in the field of reproductive health; training of personnel in the field of reproductive health protection and protection of the rights of individuals to reproduction in accordance with international standards; formation of a self-conscious attitude towards the birth of a child; support for families with children; ensuring the availability of family planning services and the provision of medical services, including the use of assisted reproduction.
Atypical civil law provisions
Authors: Cherneha V.M.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the vision of atypical civil law provisions. It was found that the state of scientific opinion regarding atypical civil law provisions is irrelevant to the demands (needs) of the time. The subject of the study is atypical civil law provisions. The purpose of the study is to solve a scientific problem, which consists in developing a theoretical concept of atypical civil law provisions. The concept of atypical civil law provisions is defined as peculiar rules embodied in civil legislation (civil law goals-provisions, civil law principles-provisions, civil law definition-provisions, temporal civil law provisions, conflict civil law provisions, operational civil law provisions), which have a two-element structure (hypothesis and disposition ) and do not establish specific legal models of behavior of participants in civil relations, and the functional potential of which in the mechanism of legal regulation of civil relations depends on a certain type of such civil law provisions. It was determined that the atypical civil law provisions include: first, civil law goals-provisions; secondly, civil law principles-provisions; thirdly, civil law definition provisions; fourthly, temporal civil law provisions; fifth, operative civil law provisions; sixth, conflicting civil law provisions. The research is based on general scientific and special legal scientific methods of cognition. Using the historical-legal method, the evolution of atypical civil law provisions (civil law definition-provisions and operative norms of civil law) is outlined. Using the formal-logical method, the following author’s definitions were developed: a) atypical civil law provisions; b) civil law goals provisions; c) civil law principles-provisions; d) civil law definition-provisions; e) civil law temporal provisions; e) civil law operational provisions; e) conflict civil law provisions. The combination of systemic and structural-functional analysis made it possible to determine the types of atypical civil law provisions. Acts of civil legislation of Ukraine are the normative-legal base for the study of civil law goals-provisions, civil law principles-provisions, civil law definition-provisions, civil law temporal provisions, conflict civil law provisions, civil law operational provisions.
ANALISIS KUALITAS BUTIR SOAL UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER MATA PELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK KELAS V MI RADHIATUL ADAWIYAH MAKASSAR
Authors: Nurul Muchlizani A  , Sitti Mania  , Muhammad Nur Akbar Rasyid
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini membahas masalah: Bagaimana kualitas butir soal ujian akhir semester mata pelajaran Akidah Akhlak kelas V MI Radhiatul Adawiyah Makassar dilihat dari segi validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda, dan efektivitas pengecoh? Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 25 lembar jawaban ujian akhir semester mata pelajaran Akidah Akhlak peserta didik kelas Va dan Vb. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi. Selanjutnya, teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Pada proses pengolahan atau perhitungan data dalam analisis statistik deskriptif ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan program aplikasi Anates versi 4.09 dan bantuan Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 15 butir soal: 1) Berdasarkan validitas diperoleh soal yang valid 10 butir (67%) dan yang tidak valid 5 butir (33%). 2) Berdasarkan reliabilitas diperoleh soal dengan reliabilitas tinggi (0,78) 10 butir dan soal dengan reliabilitas sangat tinggi (0,87) 5 butir. 3) Berdasarkan tingkat kesukaran diperoleh soal kategori mudah 9 butir (60%), kategori sedang 6 butir (40%), dan tidak ada butir soal dengan kategori sukar. 4) Berdasarkan daya pembeda diperoleh soal kategori jelek 2 butir (13%), soal kategori cukup 2 butir (13%), soal kategori baik 9 butir (61%), soal kategori baik sekali 2 butir (13%). (5) Berdasarkan efektivitas pengecoh diperoleh soal kategori sangat baik 2 butir (20%), soal kategori baik 2 butir (20%), soal kategori kurang baik 4 butir (40%), soal kategori buruk 2 butir (20%). Tindak lanjut berdasarkan kualitas butir soal diperoleh soal dengan kualitas sangat baik 4 butir (27%) dimasukkan ke dalam bank soal, soal dengan kualitas baik 4 butir (27%) dan soal dengan kualitas sedang 3 butir (20%) perlu direvisi, soal dengan kualitas tidak baik 2 butir (13%) dan soal dengan kualitas sangat tidak baik 2 butir (13%) perlu diganti dengan membuat soal baru. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Setelah melaksanakan ujian akhir semester sebaiknya butir soal tersebut ditindaklanjuti dan dianalisis dari segi validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, tingkat kesukaran, dan efektivitas pengecoh agar dapat diketahui kualitas butir soalnya sehingga dapat digunakan untuk perbaikan dan pembuatan soal tes berikutnya. 2) Guru Akidah Akhlak harus memberikan perhatian dan rutin menganalisis butir soal yang telah disusun, karena setelah dianalisis terdapat butir soal yang tidak berkualitas. 3) Diharapkan guru mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan kemampuan untuk menganalisis butir soal.
TEORI PENDIDIKAN SEUMUR HIDUP DAN PENDIDIKAN UNTUK SEMUA
Authors: Hakim Azizul
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses educational theory. Education includes a comprehensive scope, namely the education of mental abilities, thinking, and human personality as a whole. Education of course applies to all humans without exception. Education actually does not only take place in schools. Education will start as soon as the child is born and will continue until the human dies. Education takes place in families, schools and communities. In this paper, the authors focus on discussing the theory of lifelong education and education for all. Knowing this material is important because education is an absolute necessity for human life that must be fulfilled throughout life. The main problems that the authors discuss in this paper are the theory of life-long education and education for all, the legal basis and the rationale that underlie the importance of lifelong education and education for all, and their implications in educational programs.The conclusion of this paper is that life-long education formulates a principle that the educational process is a process that must be carried out continuously, starting from birth to death and includes informal, non-formal and formal forms of learning. The rationale for the importance of lifelong education can be viewed from various aspects, including ideological, economic, sociological, technological, psychological, pedagogical, and philosophical aspects. The implications of the concept of lifelong education can be seen from several aspects related to "learning methods" and "educational models".
PENERAPAN MODEL KEPEMIMPINAN ROSULI PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN ILMU KEGURUAN INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI PONTIANAK TAHUN 2014-2017
Authors: Ma’ruf Ma’ruf , Surianto Surianto
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Leadership is one of the most frequently encountered topics and is always interesting to research and study, because leadership is one of the most important factors in playing a role and influencing the good and bad of an institution. There have been many studies that have proven that leaders play an important role in development in achieving institutional goals. Likewise, the leadership in the Islamic Religious Education Study Program at the Tarbiyah Faculty and Teacher Training at the Pontianak Islamic Religious Institute, which is the longest and most interested study program among the study programs at IAIN Pontianak. In the last few years, admission to the Islamic Religious Education Study Program, FTIK IAIN Pontianak, has stuck in just nine classes, so that many applicants have been rejected due to a lack of study rooms and teaching staff. From the beginning the Islamic Religious Education Study Program FTIK IAIN Pontianak was operational until 2017 yesterday, the assessment from BAN PT of its accreditation was still of C and B values. FTIK IAIN Pontianak got an A. The only study program that got an A from several study programs visited. This achievement is inseparable from the leadership model applied to the Islamic Religious Education Study Program of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training at the Pontianak State Islamic Institute, especially in leadership in 2014-2017. The leadership in general is Relationship Oriented leadership, in this case leadership that is collegial collective. in its application using the apostolic leadership model, namely; 1) Integrity and transparency (shiddiq), 2) Accountability (amanah), 3) Participatory communicative (tabligh), and 4) Creative and inspirational (fathanah).

Keywords: Model, Leadership, PAI Study Program, 2014-2017
Optimization Model that Minimizes the Penalty Caused by Delayed Delivery of Construction Projects
Authors: Fernandez Nilthon Arce , Segura Flabio Gutiérrez , Pino Manuel Emilio Milla , Chavil Walter Jose Quiroz , Ruiz Adán Díaz , Sánchez Jaime Lucho Cieza
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This work aims to minimize the penalty generated by delays in delivering construction projects operated by a single machine.
 
Theoretical framework: The fundamental issues to develop this work are optimization and its application to delays in construction projects operated in their initial stage by a single machine.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: We presented a construction case study, developed an optimization model, implemented a computational optimization tool and obtained the optimal sequence to perform the tasks.  
 
Findings: The numerical results demonstrated the model’s usefulness in minimizing the penalty generated by delays in the delivery of projects.
 
Research, practical & social implications: The benefit of this study is to help managers or decision-makers schedule their construction projects with limited resources and deadlines per activity to minimize penalty costs of delay.
 
Originality/Value: Considering that the construction sector generates the largest labor force in Peru, the study has an important social value by providing a tool to improve operations and incentivize construction companies to continue operating. In addition, it provides a substantial basis for future work by applying optimization in a specific area of civil engineering. To our knowledge, no researcher or company in Peru has yet addressed this study.
Affordance-based approach towards understanding user preconceptions of XR-based technical instructions
Authors: Rantakokko Satu
Published: July 2023

The TIER model is a designer tool for designing technical instructions for extended reality (XR) environments. This article reports a pilot study towards validating the model with user preconceptions towards XR-based technical instructions. Understanding preconceptions is important in user-centered design. The pilot test entails the presentation of instructions for a LEGO construction task via video and VR. The results indicate interest and willingness to test XR-based solution, but reluctance for regular use. The TIER model showed how the model supported the process of recognizing preconceptions and operated as a tool for an organized design process of XR-based technical instructions.  
The influence of bilingualism on gray matter volume in the course of aging: a longitudinal study
Authors: Peitz Katharina , Stumme Johanna , Jockwitz Christiane , Bittner Nora , Caspers Svenja , Heim Stefan
Published: July 2023

Background

Bilingualism is associated with higher gray matter volume (GMV) as a form of brain reserve in brain regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). A recent cross-sectional study reported the age-related GMV decline in the left IFG and IPL to be steeper for bilinguals than for monolinguals. The present study aimed at supporting this finding for the first time with longitudinal data.

Methods

In the current study, 200 participants aged 19 to 79 years (87 monolinguals, 113 sequential bilinguals, mostly native German speakers with variable second language background) were included. Trajectories of GMV decline in the bilateral IFG and IPL were analyzed in mono- and bilinguals over two time points (mean time interval: 3.6 years). For four regions of interest (left/right IFG and left/right IPL), mixed Analyses of Covariance were conducted to assess (i) GMV changes over time, (ii) GMV differences for language groups (monolinguals/bilinguals), and (iii) the interaction between time point and language group. Corresponding analyses were conducted for the two factors of GMV, surface area (SA) and cortical thickness (CT).

Results

There was higher GMV in bilinguals compared to monolinguals in the IPL, but not IFG. While the left and right IFG and the right IPL displayed a similar GMV change in mono- and bilinguals, GMV decline within the left IPL was significantly steeper in bilinguals. There was greater SA in bilinguals in the bilateral IPL and a steeper CT decline in bilinguals within in the left IPL.

Conclusion

The cross-sectional observations of a steeper GMV decline in bilinguals could be confirmed for the left IPL. Additionally, the higher GMV in bilinguals in the bilateral IPL may indicate that bilingualism contributes to brain reserve especially in posterior brain regions. SA appeared to contribute to bilinguals’ higher GMV in the bilateral IPL, while CT seemed to account for the steeper structural decline in bilinguals in the left IPL. The present findings demonstrate the importance of time as an additional factor when assessing the neuroprotective effects of bilingualism on structural features of the human brain.
Public awareness regarding the manufacturer provided information about medicine usage, safety, and adverse drug reactions in Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Gullab , Haq Noman , Ahmad Nafees , Nasim Aqeel , Javaid Asma , Saood Mujhammad , Yasmin Riffat , Tahir Maria , Riaz Sohail , Danish Zeeshan , Razzaq Ghulam , Khan Abdullah , Younis Muhammad , Rabbani Tahmina
Published: July 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the general public’s awareness of medicine information, safety, and adverse drug reactions in Quetta, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using random sampling from April 2020 to April 2021 in Quetta. Samples were collected from respondents who met the inclusion criteria and had visited community pharmacies. The analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess factors associated with good knowledge.

Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that purchase on prescription was a determining factor of knowledge regarding knowledge of pharmaceutical products and their provided information, medicines usage and safety, and Medication ADRs. Patients who bought medicines on prescriptions were more likely to have better knowledge. Patients having education were more likely to have better knowledge.

Conclusion: Public awareness about medicine information, safety, and the information provided by manufacturers is crucial to ensuring that patients have access to accurate information about their medications and can make informed decisions about their health. Healthcare providers and regulatory bodies must work together to improve access to information and promote safe medication practices.
A qualitative study of the experiences of nurses working in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for future practice
Authors: Anderson Helen , Adamson Joy
Published: July 2023

Background

General practice experienced significant challenges throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. There has been little exploration of the experiences of nurses working in general practice and the impact on care delivery, job satisfaction, workload, stress and professional support. Understanding these experiences can inform future practice.

Aim

To explore how nurses working in general practices in England experienced delivering care during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the impact of working practices on professional wellbeing.

Method

Qualitative design incorporating three case study sites in the north of England plus semi-structured interviews with nurses working in general practice across England and national nurse leaders (participantsn= 40). The study was funded by the General Nursing Council Trust.

Results

Five interconnected themes were generated: 1) the challenge of change; 2) the space to nurse; 3) professional identity, value, and visibility; 4) layers of wellbeing, stress, and burnout; and 5) challenges and opportunities for retention. The pandemic exacerbated many challenges for nurses working in general practice. To address their needs post pandemic, key factors include: nurse involvement in key decision-making at senior levels; recognition of value of nurses working in general practice; equal access to opportunities to work differently; strategic attention to recruitment and retention; action from employers and professional associations to support nurses’ wellbeing; and adaptation of HEI teaching to reflect new and hybrid ways of working.

Conclusion

The pandemic has laid bare challenges faced by nurses in general practice. Nurses require specific support to maintain professional wellbeing and to aid retention.
Industry 4.0 Technological Elements Applied to Steam Distillation
Authors: Carlos Alberto Tosta Machado  , Herman Augusto Lepikson
Published: July 2023

The essential oil extraction industry is a stimulating target for technology updates in which yield, quality, and energy efficiency are goals to be pursued. This step forward becomes a strong ally in the search for continuous improvement of these key indicators. This work proposes the implementation of Industry 4.0 elements to detect and correct the preferential steam paths (channeling), determine the economic duration of the process, and reduce volatile element losses with efficient condensation. Partial experimental results indicate yield gains more significant than 20% and improvement in product quality indicated by the greater presence of the Citral component in the chromatographic analyses. Furthermore, the experimental results, still ongoing, demonstrate that the design of a plant with sensors, actuators, and process monitoring systems is auspicious.