bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining emerging trends in palliative care utilization for malignant neoplasms with the highest mortality rates.
Authors: Nnawuba Kingsley Chinonyerem , Jensen Hanna , Citla Sridhar Divyaswathi
Published: June 2024

e24066

Background: Lung, colorectal, pancreatic, breast & prostate cancer account for the top 5 malignancies resulting in mortality in the US. The need for palliative care in patients with these malignancies continues to grow & monitoring its utilization is crucial, especially among different racial groups & ethnicities. Methods: In this study, the TriNetX database which is a collaboration between; pharmaceutical companies, research organizations & HCOs was used. A total of 3,221,731 de-identified pts (pediatric, AYA & adult) was analyzed. The impact of palliative care use vs absence between 2009-2023 was compared in 4-year cohorts, with univariate & multivariate analyses. A p-value < 0.05 was deemed significant. Chi-square was employed to assess palliative care utilization or absence through the years for each group. Results: Analyzing Table 1, palliative care utilization was greater among Non-Hispanics and Whites, as evidenced by the mean. White pts consistently exhibit a higher use compared to other racial groups, but it declined between 2019-2023. The lowest use of palliative care was among Native Hawaiians, Native Americans, & Asians. Black, Latino, Other race, Unknown Race & unknown ethnicity pts accounted for about 50% of its use. Similarly, in most racial & ethnic groups a decline in its non-utilization was observed progressively. Based on the chi-square test, overall results show a significant P-value for all racial & ethnic groups through the years, except for white pts with a p-value of 0.1847. Conclusions: The study highlights disparities that exist in palliative care utilization among racial & ethnic groups. Despite increasing trend in its use, its utilization remains constant among minorities. These details are pivotal in advancing an inclusive healthcare that enhances end of life outcomes for all patients. [Table: see text]
Investigating the prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depression among patients with COVID-19 with and without concomitant tumor conditions.
Authors: Luo Qiong , Liu Haiyu , Zheng Qixian , Zhang Qianyuan , Zhang Suyun , Weng Guizhen , Chen Xiangqi , Yang Sheng
Published: June 2024

e24090

Background: This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients diagnosed with novel coronavirus pneumonia, with and without concurrent tumor, identifying associated factors to offer empirical data and theoretical foundations for enhancing therapeutic strategies and life quality for this demographic. Methods: 74 patients diagnosed with novel coronavirus pneumonia were randomly selected from the Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and Oncology departments of Fujian Medical University Affiliated Union Hospital between January 3 and March 18, 2023. Scale scores were employed, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, and Type D Personality Scale. Additionally, routine blood analyses at admission were conducted to compute the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). Anxiety and depression prevalence were compared between groups with and without tumors, and correlations were examined with other scale scores and NLR. Results: Among the 74 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, 14 with tumors exhibited a 64.29% incidence rate for anxiety and depression, while 60 without tumors presented a 33.33% rate, signifying a statistically significant discrepancy (P < 0.05). Notable differences were observed in social support and NLR between groups (P < 0.05), though coping methodologies and Type D personality distributions showed no statistical variance (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Novel coronavirus pneumonia patients with tumors demonstrate a markedly elevated incidence of anxiety and depression, influenced by social support and NLR. Early implementation of psychological and pharmacological interventions could potentially mitigate these conditions, enhancing life quality and clinical outcomes for this population and meriting further investigative exploration.
Can narrative medicine methods improve well-being in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy?
Authors: Makoff Eve Louise , Rehman Rabia , Li Ming , Iqbal Syma
Published: June 2024

e24091

A Pilot study - Can Narrative Medicine Methods Improve Well-being in Patients with Gastrointestinal Malignancy? Background: Patients with cancer often face profound physical and emotional challenges. Narrative medicine methods, involving discussions of and writing about creative texts, are utilized to help healthcare providers improve communication and process emotional experiences which, unexplored, may lead to poor well-being. We apply the narrative medicine method to patients with GI malignancies. Methods: The endpoints of this pilot study were feasibility - 7/10 participants completing 2 out of 3 sessions, and assessing the benefit of applying the practice to optimize well-being. 10 patients were identified by a single oncologist at USC/Norris cancer center to undergo three narrative medicine sessions. Sessions addressed themes relevant to well-being: Identity, Meaning making, and Finding joy. A survey with Likert scales (1-5) and free text answers, as well as interviews, were administered. Content analysis was done. ESAS scales were administered before sessions. Results: 7 of 10 patients have been assessed, completing all three sessions.Surveys were administered after session 3, interviews 1 month later. 5 was the most popular Likert choice. 7/7 chose a 5 for feeling comfortable and learning about themselves. In free text answers, 6/7 patient responses reflected themes of enhanced self-reflection, 2/7 improved perspective-taking, and 3/7 enhanced empathy for others. 1/7 said the sessions gave them hope for medical research, and 1/7 noted the sessions helped them tolerate chemotherapy. ESAS scores trending in a positive direction included pain, drowsiness, nausea, anxiety, and well-being. The interviews elicited the following themes: 7/7 noted the narrative medicine experience had been enjoyable, 6/7 noted enhanced meaning-making meaning and perspective-taking. 3/7 noted the sessions made them feel more positively about their healthcare experiences and helped them embrace their identities outside of cancer. 3/7 said the sessions improved their empathy for others. Other individual themes were: the sessions gave them hope, helped with self-reflection, encouraged seeking new experiences, helped them accept circumstances, enhanced connection to creativity and spirituality, and improved their ability to connect to others. Conclusions: This narrative medicine pilot project was feasible and patients were able to complete the assessment. The evaluative scores demonstrated that all participants felt comfortable participating. Additionally, the patients noted benefits related to well-being including but not limited to improved capacity for self-reflection, putting things in perspective, meaning-making, and noticing moments of joy. A larger study is planned to assess the benefits of this approach for patient well-being and clinical outcomes.
Assessment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in adult patients with hematopoietic stem-cell transplant at a tertiary care hospital.
Authors: Alanazi Ahmed , AlRajhi Abdullah M. , Alnakhli Adel , Bashir Mohammed Salman , Alnajjar Fouad
Published: June 2024

e24098

Background: Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is prevalent and potentially treatment-limiting side effects in cancer patients.1 Nausea and vomiting are frequent and significantly affect cancer patients' daily functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQL). A patient who experienced nausea and vomiting showed to be affected by worse physical, cognitive, social functioning, and global quality of life in comparison to patients who don’t have nausea and vomiting. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort observational study to assess the complete response (CR) and risk factor associated with nausea and vomiting among HSCT patients at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC). All adult patient underwent Bone Morrow Transplant (BMT) were included in the study. Data was collected prospectively during admission to the hospital and receive the conditioning regimen. Patients was interviewed by clinical pharmacist and assessed using MASCC Antiemesis Tool© (MAT) to assess the effectiveness of our regimen used to prevent nausea and vomiting during active chemotherapy days and delayed phase. Results: A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study during a one year follow up from April 2021 to April 2022. Data analysis was done and revealed as follows; out of 30 patients enrolled 18 (60%) patients were female while 12 (40%) were male. Lymphomas including (Non-Hodgkin, and Hodgkin lymphomas) were the most common diagnosis included among patients 17 (56.6%). BEAM protocol was the most common conditioning regimen protocol used 13 (43.3%). Complete response (CR) was achieved in 13 (43.3%) patients during acute nausea and vomiting, while 17 (56.7%) patients weren’t being able to achieve CR. Furthermore, out of the 30 patients observed, 6 (20.0%) experienced delayed vomiting, while 19 (63.3%) experienced delayed nausea. Similarly, Complete response (CR) was achieved in 11 (36.7%) patients during delayed nausea and vomiting, while 19 (63.3%) patients weren’t being able to achieve Complete response (CR) respectively. Breakthrough medication for nausea and vomiting was needed in all patients who didn’t have to achieve CR 19 (63.3%) patients. There was no association between age, gender, conditioning regimen, and type of transplant and achieved CR among patients (P- value; > 0.05). However, more breakthrough medication is needed when CR is not achieved (P- value; < 0.05). Conclusions: At our institution, among hematopoietic transplant recipients receiving appropriate antiemetics, approximately half (50%) achieved complete response (CR) in preventing chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CINV). Age, gender, and transplant type were not significantly associated with increased CR failure, while the specific conditioning regimen did not show a statistically significant impact.
International phase 3 clinical trial evaluating PF-07220060 plus fulvestrant in patients with HR+/HER2− advanced/metastatic breast cancer with progression after a prior CDK4/6 inhibitor.
Authors: Giordano Antonio , Ignatiadis Michail , Barrios Carlos H. , Bidard Francois Clement , Xu Binghe , Vana Alicia M , Gong Jason , Holynskyj Ariadna , Gopalakrishna Prashanth , Rugo Hope S.
Published: June 2024

TPS1129

Background: Substantial improvement in survival outcomes has been achieved with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy (ET) in patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2−) advanced/metastatic breast cancer (BC); however, resistance to this therapy ultimately occurs. PF-07220060 is an oral, highly potent, selective, next generation inhibitor of CDK4 with sparing of CDK6. A first-in-human phase 1/2a study evaluated PF-07220060 (300/400 mg BID) plus ET in patients with HR+/HER2− advanced/metastatic BC who progressed on a prior CDK4/6 inhibitor plus ET (n = 26). At the data cutoff date of November 1, 2022, in patients with measurable disease (n = 21), 6 (29%) had confirmed objective response (OR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1, and 11 (52%) had a clinical benefit response (CBR). Of all patients (n = 26), median progression-free survival (PFS) was 24.7 weeks, and 8 (31%) patients continued treatment without progression for 60 or more weeks (1). Methods: This international (29 countries; 356 proposed sites), phase 3, open-label, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial will evaluate whether PF-07220060 plus fulvestrant improves clinical outcomes compared with the investigator-chosen therapies in adult female and male patients with HR+/HER2− advanced/metastatic BC with progression after prior therapy of CDK4/6 inhibitor plus a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor.Key eligibility criteria include advanced/metastatic BC with measurable disease or non-measurable bone-only disease, documented HR+/HER2− status, and progressive disease/recurrence during or within 12 months after the last dose of prior CDK4/6 inhibitor given in the advanced or adjuvant setting, respectively. One additional prior line of approved treatment in the advanced setting targeting ESR1, PIK3CA, AKT1, PTEN, or BRCA is allowed. Approximately 500 patients will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive PF-07220060 (orally and continuously in a 28-day cycle) plus fulvestrant (intramuscular injection on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of each cycle thereafter) or investigator’s choice of fulvestrant alone or everolimus plus exemestane, which must be declared before randomization. The primary endpoint is PFS by blinded independent central review, which is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documented disease progression, as determined per RECIST v1.1, or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. Secondary objectives include overall survival, OR, duration of response, CBR, safety, patient-reported outcomes, and pharmacokinetics. 1. Yap. JCO. 2023;41:3009. Clinical trial information: NCT06105632 .
TOPOLOGY: A phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of PLX038, in patients with locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.
Authors: Cabel Luc , Loirat Delphine , Martin Babau Jerome , Bello Diana , Pierga Jean-Yves , Lerebours Florence , Ezzili Cyrine , Berger Frederique , Bidard Francois Clement
Published: June 2024

TPS1142

Background: Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an anti-TROP2 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with an SN-38 payload (topoisomerase I inhibitor) that was recently approved for use in advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The rapid spontaneous linker hydrolysis in sacituzumab-govitecan releases a very large amount of SN-38 cargo systemically, which may in part contribute to efficacy and also in part be responsible for systemic side effects (1). PLX038 is a 40 kDa 4-arm PEG-SN38 conjugate with a half-life of 5 days. It has a controlled, slow-release rate which allows high SN-38 exposure over an extended period of time with a low Cmax, and very low levels of SN-38-glucuronide. The PLX038 nanomolecule also penetrates large pores of tumor vasculature, and accumulates and is retained in the tumor for long periods. The prolonged exposure of tumors to SN-38 may result in increased efficacy without resulting in severe gastrointestinal toxicity. We hypothesize that PLX038 may be effective in patients with advanced TNBC who have been previously treated with standard chemotherapy regimens. Methods: This is an open label, multi-centric phase II study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of PLX038 in locally advanced or metastatic TNBC previously treated with at least two prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer including an anthracycline, taxane and sacituzumab govitecan. Patients will be treated at a dose of 1730mg/m2 IV infusion on Day 1 of each cycle Q3W (every 21 days, 1 cycle = 1 injection) after at least a first cycle at 1300mg/m2. At the discretion of the treating physician, the PLX038 dose will be increased to 1730 mg/m2 for patients who tolerate at least 1 cycle. All included patients will receive PLX038 as single agent as long as study is ongoing or until progression of disease, unacceptable toxicity, patient withdrawal of consent, Investigator decision, lost to follow-up, death, patient non-compliance, or study termination by Sponsor. The primary endpoint is the best tumor response (defined as partial or complete response in the first 6 months of treatment) assessed by investigators per RECIST v1.1 criteria, with tumor assessments every 8 weeks (± 7 days). Secondary endpoints include i) efficacy criteria (time to response, duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival), ii) toxicity criteria (AE/SAEs), iii) association between PLX038 efficacy and biomarkers (homologous recombination defect, replication stress-related biomarkers such as SFLN11 expression, RB1 loss), iv) PK/PD analysis. A Simon's two-stage optimum design will be used, and a maximum of N=44 patients will be included, 1. Santi et al., Biodrugs 2024. Clinical trial information: NCT06162351 .
Mating-induced Ecdysone in the testis disrupts soma-germline contacts and stem cell cytokinesis
Authors: Roach Tiffany V. , Lenhart Kari F.
Published: June 2024

Germline maintenance relies on adult stem cells to continually replenish lost gametes over a lifetime and respond to external cues altering the demands on the tissue. Mating worsens germline homeostasis over time, yet a negative impact on stem cell behavior has not been explored. Using extended live imaging of the Drosophila testis stem cell niche, we find that short periods of mating in young males disrupts cytokinesis in germline stem cells (GSCs). This defect leads to failure of abscission, preventing release of differentiating cells from the niche. We find that GSC abscission failure is caused by increased Ecdysone hormone signaling induced upon mating, which leads to disrupted somatic encystment of the germline. Abscission failure is rescued by isolating males from females, but recurs with resumption of mating. Importantly, reiterative mating also leads to increased GSC loss, requiring increased restoration of stem cells via symmetric renewal and de-differentiation. Together, these results suggest a model whereby acute mating results in hormonal changes that negatively impact GSC cytokinesis but preserves the stem cell population.
The novel Plasmodium berghei protein S14 is essential for sporozoite gliding motility and infectivity
Authors: Ghosh Ankit , Varshney Aastha , Narwal Sunil Kumar , Nirdosh  , Gupta Roshni , Mishra Satish
Published: June 2024

Plasmodium sporozoites are the infective forms of the malaria parasite in the mosquito and vertebrate host. Gliding motility allows sporozoites to migrate and invade mosquito salivary glands and mammalian hosts. Motility and invasion are powered by an actin–myosin motor complex linked to the glideosome, which contains glideosome-associated proteins (GAPs), MyoA and the myosin A tail-interacting protein (MTIP). However, the role of several proteins involved in gliding motility remains unknown. We identified that the S14 gene is upregulated in sporozoite from transcriptome data of Plasmodium yoelii and further confirmed its transcription in P. berghei sporozoites using real-time PCR. C-terminal 3×HA–mCherry tagging revealed that S14 is expressed and localized on the inner membrane complex of the sporozoites. We disrupted S14 in P. berghei and demonstrated that it is essential for sporozoite gliding motility, and salivary gland and hepatocyte invasion. The gliding and invasion-deficient S14 knockout sporozoites showed normal expression and organization of inner membrane complex and surface proteins. Taken together, our data show that S14 plays a role in the function of the glideosome and is essential for malaria transmission.
Nonparametric Approaches to Empirical Welfare Analysis
Authors: Bhattacharya Debopam
Published: June 2024

Welfare analysis of policy interventions is ubiquitous in economic research. It plays an important role in merger analysis and antitrust litigation, design of tax and subsidies, and informs the current debate on a universal basic income. This paper provides a survey of existing empirical methods, based on cross-sectional microdata, for calculating welfare effects and deadweight loss resulting from realized or hypothetical policy change. We briefly outline classical parametric methods that are computationally tractable, then discuss recent nonparametric approaches that avoid making statistical and functional-form restrictions on individual preferences. This makes the welfare estimates theoretically more credible, and clarifies exactly what welfare-relevant information is contained in demand distribution in various choice settings. However, these methods also demand greater in-sample variation in the data for practical implementation than classical parametric approaches. We then cover settings with externalities. The above results are theoretical, and take the demand function as known; therefore, we briefly discuss empirical problems around demand estimation. We conclude by suggesting areas for future research. (JEL C14, C35, D11, D60, D62)
Schooled and Sorted: How Educational Categories Create Inequality
Authors: Betts Julian
Published: June 2024

Julian Betts of University of California, San Diego reviews “Schooled and Sorted: How Educational Categories Create Inequality” by Thurston Domina, Andrew M. Penner, and Emily K. Penner. The EconLit abstract of this book begins: “Explores the production, adaptation, and enactment of categories in US schools, focusing on how this categorization is essential to the education system and promotes inequalities within it.”
The Golden Passport: Global Mobility for Millionaires
Authors: Langenmayr Dominika
Published: June 2024

Dominika Langenmayr of KU Eichstatt-Ingolstadt, WU Vienna, and CESifo reviews “The Golden Passport: Global Mobility for Millionaires” by Kristin Surak. The EconLit abstract of this book begins: “Examines the global citizenship market, chronicling the emergence of golden passport schemes, investigating the countries, brokers, and wealthy investors that make up the citizenship by investment (CBI) market, and offering the perspectives of locals and investors in golden passport countries.”
H πλατωνική σκιαγράφηση της δημοκρατίας ως «εκκολαπτηρίου» επίδοξων τυράννων, συγκριτικά με τις ερευνητικές προσεγγίσεις για τον σύγχρονο λαϊκισμό
Authors: Ζαχαράκης Μύρων
Published: June 2024

Στο παρόν άρθρο θα εξεταστεί η κριτική του Πλάτωνος, απέναντι στο δημοκρατικό πολίτευμα, όπως αυτή διατυπώνεται στην Πολιτεία, και ειδικά στο τμήμα που αναφέρεται στην παρακμή των πολιτευμάτων. Θα επισημανθεί επίσης ο, κατά Πλάτωνα, συσχετισμός των δημαγωγών στο πλαίσιο της δημοκρατίας, με το τυραννικό πολίτευμα, το οποίο θεωρείται πως προκύπτει μέσα από την κατάλυση της τελευταίας εκ μέρους των δημαγωγών. Τέλος, η πλατωνική συλλογιστική θα παραβληθεί με τις παρατηρήσεις ορισμένων ερευνητών του σύγχρονου πολιτικού φαινομένου του λαϊκισμού, προκειμένου να εντοπισθούν τα κοινά σημεία ανάμεσα στις δύο προσεγγίσεις (δηλ. του Πλάτωνος και των σύγχρονων ερευνητών), καθώς και η επικαιρότητα της πλατωνικής κριτικής σήμερα.
El combate por la paz en tiempos de guerra: la Ligue des Droits de l’Homme ante el dilema entre paz y democracia (1914-1918)
Authors: Velasco Mesa Custodio
Published: June 2024

Este artículo analiza la reacción, ante la Gran Guerra, de la Ligue des Droits de l’Homme (LDH): organización que, creada en 1898 en defensa de la revisión del juicio a Dreyfus, se convirtió en la plataforma cívica más influyente social y políticamente durante la III República francesa. Definida por salvaguardar los derechos civiles, pero también por promover la paz, la LDH se enfrentó en 1914 a un desgarrador dilema moral y político: debía elegir entre solicitar la paz inmediata o apoyar la guerra para preservar la democracia ante la agresión de la autocracia alemana. El artículo explora los debates que esa disyuntiva generó entre sus miembros pacifistas y demócratas. Debates de relevancia capital, pues originaron una esencial fractura en la plataforma y en parte del pacifismo francés hasta Vichy. Debates que, decididamente, revelaron el sustancial peso que tuvieron en la LDH dos de sus ingredientes medulares: la concepción jurídica de la paz y la memoria revolucionaria.
Colombian Foreign Policy and Public Opinion in Electoral Campaigns
Authors: Sánchez Fabio , Cardozo Alejandro
Published: June 2024

What is the relationship between foreign policy, electoral campaigns, and public opinion? This work analyzes the electoral campaigns in Colombia in 2018 (Iván Duque) and 2022 (Gustavo Petro). The profiles of the candidates and their programmatic agendas are analyzed, identifying the continuity of issues associated with peace, security, borders, and the complex relationship with Venezuela. Despite the above, there was a turn to the left that shows changes in the preferences of Colombian public opinion.
Tres formas de atender y entender la violencia política en Irlanda del Norte: Agenda oculta (1990), En el nombre del Padre (1993) y En el nombre del hijo (1996)
Authors: García de las Heras Mariano , Ríos Sierra Jerónimo
Published: June 2024

La producción cinematográfica constituye una fuente primaria en la construcción del conocimiento histórico, aunque la aprobación de sus aportaciones es muy reciente y coincide con la renovación de las técnicas de investigación en los análisis historiográficos que desbordan la primacía documental de los textos escritos. La relevancia potencial del cine en los estudios sociales está avalada por su condición primaria, la cual ejemplifica un “medio internacional de masas”. Partiendo de esta premisa, este trabajo intenta analizar y problematizar diferentes miradas que rompen con la tradicional aproximación predominante al conflicto político norirlandés en el cine. Al respecto, Agenda Oculta, En el nombre del padre y En el nombre del hijo son tres producciones cinematográficas que ofrecen diferentes maneras de atender y entender categorías polisémicas que son problemáticas en la comprensión de la realidad política del Ulster, tal y como sucede con la democracia, la justica, la violencia, el terrorismo o los derechos humanos.
Lineamientos para la administración del conocimiento en los programas de Derecho y de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Telecomunicaciones de la Universidad de Manizales
Authors: Montoya Escobar Mónica Cecilia , González Carreño Camilo , Pérez-Soltero Alonso
Published: June 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer algunos lineamientos que aporten a la administración adecuada del conocimiento en los programas de Derecho y de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Telecomunicaciones de la Universidad de Manizales, con el fin de propiciar escenarios de innovación educativa. Este capítulo está estructurado de la siguiente manera: se inicia con una revisión de la literatura, donde se incluyen los conceptos que fundamentan el presente trabajo; posteriormente, se describe el proceso para formular la propuesta de lineamientos para propiciar escenarios de innovación educativa; luego se explican los lineamientos sugeridos para gestionar el conocimiento, con el fin de posibilitar escenarios de innovación educativa en los programas intervenidos, agrupados en lineamientos de capital intelectual, social, de comunidades de práctica y tecnológicos. Finalmente, las conclusiones y recomendaciones del trabajo.
Promotional Inventory Displays: An Empirical Analysis Using IoT Data
Authors: Zeng Jacob Z. , Agarwal Ashish , Stamatopoulos Ioannis
Published: June 2024

Problem definition: Despite their widespread use, promotional inventory displays’ campaign execution is opaque. Brands (manufacturers) can only verify in-store display presence through manual, on-site audits, which are costly and limited in scope. This lack of visibility into execution makes it difficult for brands to quantify the sales impact of displays and properly evaluate campaign performance. Methodology/results: We use Internet-of-Things (IoT)-generated data on the real-time location of about 15,000 displays from 10 display campaigns in about 5,000 stores of a Fortune 500 retail chain, paired with the stores’ point-of-sale (POS) data between September 2017 and March 2018, to measure the operational execution and effectiveness of display campaigns. First, we find that campaigns are poorly executed: 29% of displays never made it to a store’s floor, and those that made it only spent 62% of the campaign there. Second, we find that poor execution deprives brands of substantial sales, especially during campaign weeks: placing a display on the floor during an arbitrary week increases the targeted products’ sales by 7.3%, and placing it on the floor during a campaign week boosts sales by another 2.3%. Managerial implications: Our results enable brands to optimize investments in promotional display campaigns and execution. We project that brands would suffer a 3.1% dollar sales decrease during campaign weeks by discontinuing current campaigns. However, they could achieve up to a 6.9% dollar sales increase during campaign weeks through improved execution.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0291 .
Student Q&A: A greener future
Authors: Jodi
Published: June 2024

We caught up with Jodi, completing a Level 3 apprenticeship with Inspiro Learning while working at Bright Horizons Windsor Day Nursery. She discusses helping the nursery achieve a Green Flag accreditation and inspiring a love of nature in children
Metastatic clear cell sarcoma of the pancreas: From diagnosis to treatment
Authors: Wang Chen , Yu Ke-Xiao , Chen Yu
Published: June 2024

This article presents a comprehensive case report on an uncommon instance of metastatic clear cell sarcoma (CCS) originating from the pancreas. The high mortality rate of pancreatic carcinoma underscores the importance of precise diagnosis and early detection. The authors report a novel case of CCS with pancreatic metastasis, detailing successful surgical intervention through distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, resulting in favourable outcomes. This study highlights the standard role of surgery in treating advanced CCS and emphasizes preoperative imaging and thorough patient history assessment. This article also underscores the necessity for long-term surveillance due to the potential for recurrence or metastasis. Despite the favourable recovery postsurgery, the absence of subsequent follow-up evaluation prompts consideration of the need for extended monitoring. This article raises questions about the nature of the pancreatic lesion and suggests the possibility of a primary lesion. Further evidence is crucial to establish the correlation between the features related to the development of the patient's primary and metastatic tumours. In conclusion, this study offers valuable insights into metastatic CCS of the pancreas, highlighting the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for improved outcomes through early detection and intervention.
Advances in the application of auxiliary imaging techniques in parathyroid diseases
Authors: Lu Lei , Shang Hong-Qing
Published: June 2024

Hypoparathyroidism is one of the main complications after total thyroidectomy, severely affecting patients’ quality of life. How to effectively protect parathyroid function after surgery and reduce the incidence of hypoparathyroidism has always been a key research area in thyroid surgery. Therefore, precise localization of parathyroid glands during surgery, effective imaging, and accurate surgical resection have become hot topics of concern for thyroid surgeons. In response to this clinical phenomenon, this study compared several different imaging methods for parathyroid surgery, including nanocarbon, indocyanine green, near-infrared imaging techniques, and technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile combined with gamma probe imaging technology. The advantages and disadvantages of each method were analyzed, providing scientific recommendations for future parathyroid imaging. In recent years, some related basic and clinical research has also been conducted in thyroid surgery. This article reviewed relevant literature and provided an overview of the practical application progress of various imaging techniques in parathyroid surgery.
Multidetector computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of double superior mesenteric veins: A case report
Authors: Tang Wei , Peng Song
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to describe the findings of double superior mesenteric veins (SMVs), a rare anatomical variation, on multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images.

CASE SUMMARY

We describe the case of a 34-year-old male, who underwent both MDC and MRI examinations of the upper abdomen because of liver cirrhosis. MDCT and MRI angiography images of the upper abdomen revealed an anatomic variation of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), the double SMVs.

CONCLUSION

The double SMVs are a congenital abnormality without potential clinical manifestation. Physicians need to be aware of this anatomical variation during abdominal surgery to avoid iatrogenic injury.
TWO- TO FIVE-YEAR OUTCOMES OF 503 FIXED-BEARING ANKLE ARTHROPLASTIES
Authors: Townshend D. , Bing A. , Clough T. , Sharpe I. , Blundell C. , Davenport J. , Davies H. , Davis J. , Dhar S. , Goldberg A. , Karski M. , Hepple S. , Kakwani R. , McKinley J. , Murty A. , Ragland M. , Shalaby H. , Smith R. , Taylor H.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

This is a multi-centre, prospective, observational study of 503 INFINITY fixed bearing total ankle arthroplasties. We report the minimum two-year results of this prosthesis which was introduced to the UK Market in 2014 and is now the most used ankle arthroplasty in the National Joint Registry of England and Wales.

Methods

Patients were recruited from 11 centres in the United Kingdom between June 2016 and November 2019. Demographic, radiographic, and functional outcome data (Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale, Manchester Oxford Foot Ankle Questionnaire and Euroquol 5D-5L) were collected preoperatively, at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years and 5 years. The average age was 67.8 (range 23.9 to 88.5) and average BMI 29.3 (18.9 to 48.0). The COFAS grading system was used to stratify deformity. There were 261 (51.9%) COFAS Type 1, 122 (24.2%) COFAS Type 2, 31 (6.2%) COFAS 3 and 89 (17.7%) COFAS type 4. 38 patients (7.6%) presented with inflammatory arthritis. 99 (19.7%) implantations utilised patient specific instrumentation. Complications and reoperations were recorded as adverse events. Radiographs were assessed for lucencies, cysts and/or subsidence.

Results

The mean follow up was 34.2 months (range 24–64). 15 patients have died, 8 withdrawn and 3 lost to follow up. 8 implants (1.6%) have been revised. According to the Glazebrook classification there were low grade complications in 6.6%, medium grade in 1.4% and high grade in 1.6%. There have been an additional 13 non revision re-operations (2.6%) at the latest follow up. There was a significant (p < 0.01) improvement across all functional outcome scores at a minimum of 2yr follow up.

Discussion and conclusion

This large cohort has shown a low early revision rate and high functional outcomes with a low-profile fixed bearing prosthesis.
DOES A HIGH PREOPERATIVE PAIN CATASTROPHIZATION SCORE INFLUENCE THE OUTCOMES FOLLOWING HALLUX SURGERY?
Authors: Critchley R. , Dismore L. , Swainston K. , Townshend D. , Coorsh J. , Kakwani R. , Murty A.
Published: June 2024

Background

Surgical intervention for hallux valgus and hallux rigidus is an option for patients presenting with severe pain and deformity. Literature suggest that patients with high Pain Catastrophisation Scores (PCS) have poorer outcomes in spinal and to a lesser extent in arthroplasty surgery. There is however very little evidence pertaining to foot and ankle surgery.

Aim

We aimed to study whether catastrophisation as measured by PCS influenced the outcomes following surgery for Hallux valgus and rigidus.

Methodology

Ethical approval for this prospective portfolio study was obtained from NRES Committee South Central and Oxford. Approval was granted from the local R&D department prior to data collection. All patients listed for surgery for hallux pathology to the four senior authors were invited to participate. Recruitment into the study started in September 2017 and is ongoing. Pain catastrophising score (PCS), Manchester Oxford Foot Questionnaire (Mox-FQ), Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and EQ-5D-3L questionnaires were completed Pre-op (baseline), and at 3, 6 and 12- months post-surgery.

Results

93 patients with minimum follow-up of 6 months were analysed using SPSS software. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. The mean age of the patients was 58.5 years and 83% were women. 70% of the patients had surgery for hallux valgus and rest for rigidus. Both PROMS and PCS improved significantly following surgical intervention. Patients with higher pre-operative PCS had a worse 6-month PROM score and more pain.

Conclusion

This study confirms that pre-operative catastrophisation as demonstrated by a high PCS score has an adverse effect on outcomes following hallux surgery. Risk stratifying patients based on their Pre-op PCS scores may be a useful strategy to identify those at risk of poorer outcomes. We recommend that behavioural change interventions should be considered to try to improve outcomes in patients with pre-op PCS.
FACTORS AFFECTING OUTCOMES OF ARTHROSCOPIC ANKLE FUSION: PRE-EXISTING TRIPLE FUSION AND THE RISK TO NONUNION
Authors: Woods A. , Henari S. , Kendal A. , Rogers M. , Brown R. , Sharp R. , Loizou C. L.
Published: June 2024

Background

Open or arthroscopic ankle fusion (AAF) is a successful operative treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis. Evidence suggest that AAFs have better outcomes. In addition to the operative technique other patient-factors can influence outcomes. The most significant complication of ankle fusion is a non-union. To better understand the risk factors related to this we undertook a retrospective investigation of primary AAFs.

Methods

We reviewed all AAFs conducted at our institution over a 10-year period. Patients excluded if they had simultaneous fusion of neighbouring joints or were lost to follow-up. The primary outcome variable was radiographic union. Other operative complications were analysed as secondary outcomes. Two hundred and eighty-four eligible AAFs in 271 patients were performed over the study period.

Results

The overall non-union rate was 7.7 %. Univariate logistic regression analysis found that smoking (6.2% non-union in non-smokers vs 24% in smokers) and prior triple fusion (5.5% non-union in the absence of prior triple fusion vs 70% in the presence of a prior triple fusion) were independent risk factors for non-union. Multivariate analysis showed that only prior triple fusion was predictive (OR 40.0 [9.4,170.3], p < 0.0001). Increasing age, obesity (BMI >30), surgical grade (trainee vs consultant), diabetes or the degree of weightbearing status post-operatively were not significant risk factors of non-union. The leading cause of reoperation was the removal of metal (18%). There were 5 superficial (1.8%) and 4 deep (1.4%) infections. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a 75% ‘survivorship’ of the subtalar joint at 10 years following an arthroscopic ankle fusion.

Conclusion

This is the largest case series of AAFs in the literature and the first to demonstrate that patients who had an AAF performed after a previous triple fusion have unacceptably high non-union rates and may benefit from other surgical options. This study data could also useful for patient consenting purposes.
Humanitarian Action and the Experience of Armenian Women Refugees in the Post-Genocidal Context (1919–1924): Resilience and Agency
Authors: Chabot Joceline , Kasparian Sylvia
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In this article, we examine through archival research the actions and roles of humanitarian workers of the Near East Relief (NER) and the American Women's Hospitals (AWH) working in the Middle East and Greece to help refugees from the Armenian genocide of 1915 and the post-genocide massacres (1919–1922), including the Smyrna disaster of 1922. This event in particular led to the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of Greek and Armenian refugees in Greece. In this context, we emphasize the central role of women doctors and nurses in their humanitarian efforts to save this population. We pay close attention to their successful practices, achievements and support as allies of the survivors. We also examine the survivors' strategies as agents of their own resistance and resilience. In other words, we aim to understand how these survivors, with the support of organizations working in humanitarian emergencies, developed strategies to overcome their status as victims of both gender-based violence and genocide. Ultimately, we focus on the survivors' quest for agency and resilience, through an examination of how vocational education and training and also other support policies and strategies served as a gateway to refugee empowerment. Résumé: Dans cet article, nous examinons, à partir des archives, les actions et les rôles des travailleurs humanitaires du Near East Relief (NER) et de l'American Women's Hospitals qui ont oeuvré au Moyen-Orient et en Grèce pour aider les réfugiés du génocide arménien de 1915 et des massacres post-génocide (1919–1922), y compris la catastrophe de Smyrne en 1922. Cet événement plus particulièrement a conduit au déplacement forcé de centaines de milliers de réfugiés grecs et arméniens en Grèce. Dans ce contexte, nous soulignons le rôle central des femmes médecins et infirmières dans leurs efforts humanitaires pour sauver cette population en détresse. Nous accordons une attention particulière à leurs « modèles de réussite », à leurs réalisations et à leur soutien en tant qu'alliés des survivants. Nous examinons également les stratégies des survivantes en tant qu'agentes de leur propre résistance et résilience. En d'autres termes, nous cherchons à comprendre comment ces survivantes, avec le soutien des organisations travaillant dans des situations d'urgence humanitaire, ont développé des stratégies pour surmonter leur statut de victimes à la fois de violences genrées et de génocide. En fin de compte, nous nous concentrons sur la quête d'autonomie et de résilience des survivantes, en examinant comment l'éducation et la formation professionnelle, mais aussi d'autres politiques et stratégies de soutien, ont servi de passerelle vers l'autonomisation des réfugiés.
When the State is Complicit in Gender-Based Violence against Women: Exploring Experiences of Housing Violence among Punjabi Women International Students in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)
Authors: Das Gupta Tania , Sidhu Rajdeep
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This article situates housing violence experienced by Punjabi women international students (ISs) in Toronto, Canada, as an aspect of structural gender-based violence (GBV) in which the Canadian state is complicit through its policies, laws, actions, and inactions. This works in tandem with patriarchal cultural practices by local Indian/Punjabi homeowners who rent out rooms to ISs and/or employ them. More specifically, state policies and practices allow the diasporic patriarchal cultural practices to be reproduced in ordinary interactions between ISs and homeowners. Both the state and patriarchal diasporic cultural practices contribute to structural violence against women ISs. The notion of neo-racism is utilized to understand the hostility faced by Punjabi ISs within the Punjabi diaspora. The authors draw on intersectional, anti-racist, feminist migration studies and interviews with 12 Punjabi women ISs and key informants conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Résumé: Cet article établit la violence face au logement subie par les étudiantes internationales (EI) punjabi à Toronto, au Canada, comme un aspect de la violence sexiste structurelle (VBG) dont l'État canadien est complice par ses politiques, ses lois, ses actions et son inaction. Cela va de pair avec les pratiques culturelles patriarcales des propriétaires indiens/punjabi locaux qui louent des chambres aux EI et/ou les emploient. Plus précisément, les politiques et les pratiques de l'État permettent aux pratiques culturelles patriarcales de la diaspora d'être reproduites dans les interactions ordinaires entre les EI et les propriétaires. L'État et les pratiques culturelles patriarcales diasporiques contribuent tous deux à la violence structurelle contre les étudiantes internationales. La notion de néo-racisme est utilisée pour comprendre l'hostilité à laquelle sont confrontées les EI punjabi au sein de la diaspora punjabi. Les auteurs s'appuient sur des études intersectionnelles, antiracistes et féministes de la migration, ainsi que sur des entretiens avec 12 femmes punjabi EI et des informateurs clés menés pendant la pandémie de Covid-19 dans la région du grand Toronto (RGT).
Transnational Metacinemas
Authors: Moss-Wellington Wyatt
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Transnational metacinema describes a range of films that depict film production across borders. The diverse corpus includes fictional works explicitly addressing the ethics of film crews working between nations, hybrid nonfictions that reflexively consider their own use of archival footage and re-enactments, cannibal horror films featuring documentarian protagonists, and Hollywood satires. This article considers themes of colonization and exploitation that traverse these examples. Each case complicates the sustaining, modernist notion that reflexivity disrupts viewing pleasure, inviting more politically aware spectatorship. Many examples promote self-awareness in the filmmaker-audience relationship at the expense of concern for the Indigenous and marginalized populations represented.
Afterlife and Reclamation: Rodney King, Black Trauma, and the Televisual Archive of Self in Celebrity Rehab
Authors: Sung Wendy
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines Rodney King's 2008 appearance on Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew to illuminate the cartographies of Black trauma and state-sanctioned violence outside of its aestheticized spectacle. Focusing on King's account of his 1991 beating, I demonstrate how his testimony aligns with the affective labor of reality television's theater of suffering but also how it ruptures the genre's neoliberal, colorblind ideologies, through the recursive temporalities of Black trauma and reclamation. This article reveals how King reclaimed a publicly commodified identity, constructing a "televisual archive of self" to approximate a legal recognition and subjecthood previously denied to him.
The Power of the Eye and Point of View in Oliver Twist
Authors: Pypeć Magdalena
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This article seeks to revise the orthodox opinćions about Dickens as a "superficial" novelist who is unable to delve into the souls of his characters and depict their interiority. Since the introspective elements in Dickens are worthy of more attention than they have received, I critically dissect two passages in which Dickens dramatizes the mental operations of two criminals (Sikes and Fagin) at a moment of crisis in Oliver Twist . As I argue, the vigour and intensity of the novelist's portrayal of these characters' inwardness and mental activity draw heavily on eye imagery, its symbolic implications, and metaphors of seeing, which focuses all textual eyes together with the reader's eyes on the two malefactors. The internal focalizations of Sikes and Fagin deserve a particular critical interest because of their significant impact on the cultural afterlives of the novel, which this essay also discusses.
"What Does it Matter?": Reading Within Architectural Spaces in Dickens's Hard Times
Authors: Scott Meaghan
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In this article, I analyze the progression of Louisa Gradgrind's imaginative and emotional interior life in Charles Dickens's Hard Times . I integrate Gaston Bachelard's theory of the intrinsic relationship between imagination and architectural spaces in The Poetics of Space (1958) with Cassandra Falke's theoretical approach to learning empathy through reading literature in The Phenomenology of Love and Reading (2016) in order to create a critical framework. This framework then illustrates Dickens's use of domestic spaces to guide his readers experientially through Louisa's interior healing and development throughout the novel. I argue that Dickens desires his readers to believe by the end of Louisa's story that this inner wholeness is also possible and achievable for them through reading literature.