bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O processo de planejamento territorial em pequenos municípios e a atuação da Associação de Municípios do Alto Vale do Itajaí em Santa Catarina
Authors: Staloch Rubens , De Oliveira Rocha Isa
Published: November 2023

Em termos gerais, compreende-se que o território é definido por um conjunto de objetos e ações, de fluxos e fixos. Então, pensar em planejamento territorial é acompanhar / gerir o processo de desenvolvimento dos territórios. A partir de tal premissa, o texto apresenta reflexões sobre a atuação da Associação de Municípios do Alto Vale do Itajaí (AMAVI) na promoção de Planejamento Territorial por meio de Termos de Cooperação à elaboração de Planos Diretores Municipais nos pequenos municípios dessa região do interior de Santa Catarina. O percurso teórico-metodológico utilizado versa sobre pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, bibliográfica não-sistemática e por base de análise da atuação da Associação supracitada. Como resultados: i) constatou-se a relevância e necessidade da atuação da AMAVI na condução da elaboração dos Planos Diretores dos municípios que compõem a região objeto de estudo tendo em vista suas limitações (técnicas e estruturais); ii) evidenciou-se também indicação de melhorias nas perspectivas de abordagem, por exemplo, no que tange à constituição de equipes multi e interdisciplinares; e iii) na implementação de ideias para aumentar / estimular a participação social no contexto.
Plano Diretor Participativo do Município de Petrolina e Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS): um diálogo necessário para o desenvolvimento territorial sustentável
Authors: Marisy Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira Lúcia , Carla Mendes Coelho Ana , Paula Lopes da Silva Ana , Souza de Oliveira Luciana , Marques Alves Renato
Published: November 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o Plano Diretor Participativo do Município de Petrolina (PE), enquanto política de desenvolvimento local, e seu diálogo com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) presentes na Agenda 2030 com vistas ao alcance do desenvolvimento territorial sustentável. Por meio de estudo qualitativo de caráter  bibliográfico e análise documental foi possibilitada a compreensão e identificação de convergências das temáticas de desenvolvimento sustentável e políticas de desenvolvimento territorial, bem como cruzamentos dos OSD e proposições do Plano Diretor analisado. Evidenciou-se que, dos 17 (dezessete) objetivos pactuados na Agenda 2030, 13 (treze) estão contemplados na redação Plano Diretor, embora, pela análise do Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável das Cidades - Brasil (IDSC-BR), apenas 2 (dois) foram integralmente atingidos. O estudo revelou que a grande maioria dos ODS estão presentes no planejamento da gestão municipal, mas não foram implementados efetivamente no âmbito do Município. Nessa perspectiva, far-se-á necessário aprofundar esse diálogo entre o Plano Diretor do Município e ações práticas para o efetivo cumprimento dos ODS com participação do governo, sociedade civil e iniciativa privada.
Montessori Elder and Dementia Care, and Trauma-Informed Approaches
Authors: Phillips Bernadette
Published: November 2023

According to the World Health Organization, there are currently more than 55 million people living with dementia worldwide, and this figure is expected to triple by 2050. Recent studies suggest that there may be a link between childhood trauma (which refers to exposure to overwhelmingly stressful experiences before the age of 18 years) and the onset of dementia in later life. Therefore, in communities caring for persons living with dementia, some residents may have been exposed to trauma in childhood. Currently, there is an increasing awareness of the negative impact of childhood trauma on later adult health and well-being, and a corresponding recognition of the need for services, including for dementia care, to be trauma-informed. In the last decade, the Montessori Method has become established as a legitimate approach to elder/dementia care. However, it has not yet been examined as a trauma-informed approach. The aim of this paper is to address that gap by (a) highlighting how Maria Montessori took steps to integrate interdisciplinary knowledge of trauma into her Method when she began to understand the potential of childhood trauma to adversely impact adult health and well-being, and (b) outlining how the Montessori Method, when applied to dementia care, incorporates many of the core principles of trauma-informed practice. This paper concludes that the Montessori Method for dementia care has the built-in capacity to be trauma-sensitive and trauma-responsive, but that its ongoing rollout should follow Montessori’s lead by specifically integrating knowledge about the neurobiology of trauma into its training programs.
Understanding Circle Time Practices in Montessori Early Childhood Settings
Authors: Koczela Andrea , Carver Kateri
Published: November 2023

Circle time is commonplace in traditional preschools, yet there are few references to the practice in Montessori’s writings or in major Montessori organizations’ and teacher education standards. This article investigates whether circle time is frequent in Montessori 3–6-year-old classrooms using data from a widely distributed Qualtrics survey. The results, from 276 respondents spanning all 50 states, provide insight into the circle time practices of United States-based preschool Montessori teachers, also known in Montessori classrooms as guides. We present novel information regarding circle time duration and frequency, types of circle time activities, Montessori guides’ circle time training and planning, whether children’s circle time attendance is free choice or compulsory, and the nature of circle time in programs associated with Association Montessori Internationale versus American Montessori Society. Results revealed that 92% of survey participants have circle time every day or most days; most participants hold circle time for 20 minutes or less; the most common circle time events were show-and-tell, calendar work, vocabulary lessons, Grace and Courtesy lessons, read aloud discussions, dancing and movement, snack time, general conversation, read aloud (stories), and birthday celebrations. We found that many of the most frequent circle time activities do not align with children’s preferences, teacher preferences, or Early Childhood best practices. Our work invites Montessorians to engage in the work of reconstructing the traditional practice of circle time to better align with Montessori hallmarks of choice, development of the will, and joyfulness.
Experience of Using Bifactor Models to Reduce the Effects of Social Desirability on the Normative Questionnaire of Universal Competencies
Authors: Сагитов Егор , Брун Ирина , Павлов Станислав
Published: November 2023

One of the significant lack of questionnaires is a scores distortion for the measured constructs, associated with the social desirability effects. An even greater threat to the validity of decisions is social desirability in high-stakes evaluation, such as selection for a position. Moreover the issue of the relationship between different components of social desirability and the most frequently measured personal constructs remains debatable. In the material of the author's normative questionnaire of universal competencies, an approach is considered for making adjustments to the final scores for measured constructs using the developed scales of egoistic and moralistic social desirability. Also discussed the prospect of using statement formulations that are neutral to social desirability or express the most positive degree of measured indicators.

The empirical basis of this study is data gathered within a pilot conducted in the spring of 2022, during which data were obtained from 579 respondents in 49 measurable competencies. The analysis was aimed at assessing the quality of the developed scales of social desirability and modeling of each of the universal competencies scales was carried out with the inclusion of a scale of social desirability. The data were analyzed in the framework of structural modeling - confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using bifactor models for each of the measured competencies.

According to the results of this study, the use of the scale of egoistic social desirability as a measure for adjusting factor scores for the competencies has generally satisfactory psychometric statistics, but there is concern about the relatively large measurement error. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this approach and other practices that are most often used to reduce the effects of social desirability in the academic and business environment.
Psychometric Research: Modern Methods and New Opportunities for Education
Authors: Карданова Елена , Иванова Алина
Published: November 2023

Qualitative measurement is a fundamental requirement for research practice in the social sciences. The quality of measurements determines the validity of the interpretations, conclusions and decisions we can make based on the data obtained from the measurements. Qualitative measurement in the social sciences requires assessment tools as well as data analysis methods to link observed measurement results to theoretical attributes. The scientific basis for their development is provided by psychometrics.

Preceding the special issue of the journal "Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow" devoted to psychometrics, the guest editors of this issue cover the main milestones of the history of psychometrics, highlight some significant publications, note the professional institutions and authors who have made their valuable contribution to the development of this branch of science. The authors pay special attention to the history of psychometrics in Russia. Assessing the possibilities, prospects and limitations of psychometrics, the authors express their point of view on the debatable issues of psychometrics, and it does not always coincide with the opinion of the authors of the special issue. This issue presents examples of using modern psychometric methods to solve actual problems in education research, as well as in research at the intersection of education and psychology, education and different spheres of business. All the authors of the presented articles are united by the desire to improve research practice in the social sciences through truly qualitative measurements.
Power of Probability in Psychometrics. Review of the book “Bayesian Psychometric Modeling“
Authors: Угланова Ирина
Published: November 2023

The emergence and development of Bayesian psychometrics is a result of psychometrics' desire to reduce measurement error. This book is the first to present a systematic description of the Bayesian approach in psychometric research. The book consists of two parts: the first one presents the main principles of the Bayesian approach (Foundations), the second one includes their application in psychometric modeling (Psychometrics). The reviewer believes that the publication will be useful for those who used to work in the frequentist approach and would like to learn about the Bayesian approach. At the same time, she recommends those who are not sure of the quality of their mathematical background to additionally turn to other sources that are not equipped with such a detailed mathematical description. The book has not been translated into Russian.
Do caregivers’ involvement in Type 2 diabetes education affect patients’ health outcomes?: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Jeongyeon , Song Jiyoun , Tark Aluem , Park Soyeon , Woo Kyungmi
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising worldwide. Patients frequently struggle with controlling their diabetes and need the assistance of caregivers for effective self-management because managing diabetes requires a variety of strategies, including diet, glucose monitoring, and exercise. This study aimed to examine the effect of caregiver involvement in T2DM education within a community on patients’ diabetes care outcomes.
Methods: Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review of all published studies from the earliest record to May 2022 that reported adult caregivers of T2DM patients who participated in educational interventions concerning diabetes management and that reported one or more outcomes of the interventions were conducted. Four databases were used, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL. The meta-analysis focused on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with additional attention to lipid levels. Review Manager 5.4 was used to perform this meta-analysis.
Results: A total of 17 out of 683 studies were synthesized. Involvement of caregivers in T2DM education is shown to reduce body mass index and HbA1c. This involvement also improves patients’ knowledge, physical activity, and self-efficacy, but the effect on medication adherence varies. A meta-analysis of six RCT studies shows that caregiver involvement in T2DM education reduced pooled HbA1c levels by 0.83 (95% Confidence interval: −1.27–−0.38) compared to involvement (p = 0.0003). Meta-analysis of three types of lipids (low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein) showed no strong evidence that caregiver participation in diabetes education improved lipid levels.
Conclusions: Caregivers play key roles in diabetes management and can contribute to improving patient HbA1c levels. Future research should focus on enhancing caregiver participation in T2DM education.
IMPACT OF SYNCHRONOUS ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT ON STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: DINH Cao Tuong
Published: November 2023

Although roles of teaching presence have often been neglected in online learning environments, recent research has acknowledged its burgeoning importance. Synchronous online learning mode in which the teaching and learning process occurs in concurrent real-time helps blur the physical boundary hindrance of online learning for students. However, being present in classes, even in brick-and-mortar classes or virtual classes, does not ensure students’ learning occurrence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of synchronous online learning environments (SOLE) on students’ cognitive engagement, satisfaction, and academic achievement as well. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLSSEM) was utilized to examine the issue under investigation. The results from a questionnaire survey from 186 participants indicated that pedagogical instructions had direct positive medium effects on both deep and shallow cognitive engagements; deep cognitive engagement had a direct positive impact on academic achievement while shallow cognitive engagement did not have any impact on academic achievement and satisfaction. Interestingly, technical support had a direct positive impact on both direct impacts on academic achievements and satisfaction. Implications for the teaching and learning in a synchronous online modality and limitations of the study were also discussed.
THE BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE AUGMENTED REALITY RESEARCH CARRIED OUT WITH THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD PUBLISHED IN SCOPUS BETWEEN 2012-2022
Authors: ALTINPULLUK Hakan , YILDIRIM Yusuf
Published: November 2023

This study aims to make a bibliometric analysis of the augmented reality articles carried out with the experimental method between 2012 and 2022 in the Scopus database. To realize the aim of the research, 255 articles published between 2012-2022 were reached. The bibliometric data of 255 articles from the Scopus database were analyzed using VOS viewer 1.6.18 software and visualized with the Tableau software. According to the research findings, 255 articles were produced by researchers from 49 different countries. According to co-authorship networks, six different clusters were formed. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology is the leading institution in AR research with the experimental method. The 255 articles reviewed were published in 159 different journals. Interactive Learning Environments journal ranks first with 13 publications by far, while Computers and Education journal stands out with 878 citations in terms of the number of citations. When the keywords used in the articles were examined, it was seen that the concepts of virtual reality, mobile learning, motivation, and cognitive load came to the fore. The results obtained within the scope of the research were shared by discussing with other study findings obtained from the literature.
LEGAL REGULATION OF LABOR MIGRATION IN THE EU
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Andriiv Vasyl , Vakhonieva Tetiana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of international legal acts regulating labor migration in the EU, as well as the problems of their international legal protection. It is proved that the migration policy of the EU is not only a consolidated mechanism that affects the migration processes in the conditions of integration, but also takes into account the different spectrum of interests and the sovereignty of powers of the member states, their territorial, economic and political features. In this regard, the importance of observing certain limits of legal regulation is emphasized. The main directives and other international legal acts in the field of labor migration at the EU level were analyzed. Attention is drawn to the fact that EU bodies and institutions have limited competence in the field of legal regulation of legal migration. Formation of migration policy and mechanisms of legal regulation of the specified area remains the prerogative of the member states. It is noted that since in most cases, the acts adopted at the supranational level are directives, this means that the implementation of the provisions of these acts, the methods of their interpretation and interpretation completely depend on the competent national authorities. It is also stated that the measures adopted by the European Union in the field of integration do not provide for the harmonization of national legal systems. Instead, the actions of the EU are aimed at the gradual convergence of the legal status of citizens of third countries who are legally in the territory of the EU, long-term residents, to the legal status of the countries of the European Union. It was concluded that in today's world, on the global labor market, the tendency to change the migration policy of states in the context of understanding the need for legal protection of migrant workers, the inadmissibility of excluding migrant workers from legal protection systems is increasingly noticeable. In this regard, a special role is assigned to the state migration policy, which must take into account all factors of external labor migration that affect the system of social and labor relations in the state.
FOG AND ASSOCIATED WEATHER CONDITIONS IN THE AREA OF KYIV/АNTONOV-2 AIRFIELD
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bunesku M.V. , Zatula V.I. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The State Enterprise “Antonov” Airport in the town of Hostomel occupies a strategic position due to its proximity to Kyiv, being less than 30 kilometers away. Moreover, it is capable of receiving and servicing large and specialized aircraft, making it a vital asset for aviation activities. One of the most important factors that significantly impact the aviation industry is meteorological conditions. This article examines fog and weather conditions that led to its formation in the vicinity of the Kyiv/Antonov-2 airport over a period of more than a decade from 2010 to 2020. Through careful analysis, not only the average and maximum frequencies of fog occurrence on a monthly, seasonal, and annual basis are considered, but also the characteristics of air temperature, wind, and visibility during fog episodes. The data source is information meticulously collected from the weather logs of AV-6 at the Kyiv/Antonov-2 airport during the specified period. The conclusions drawn are based on well-established methods of climatological analysis of meteorological data. The research has shown that fog is a meteorological phenomenon that is not frequently observed during the summer months in this region. However, as autumn sets in, their cumulative frequency steadily increases, reaching approximately 15% of the total number of fog occurrences. Interestingly, fogs are mostly observed at positive temperatures, although occasional exceptions occur when fog forms even in significantly cold conditions. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that fogs at the Kyiv/Antonov-2 airport can occur independently of wind direction. It should be noted that fogs are most commonly observed with visibility ranging from 100 to 500 meters. The results of this study provide valuable information about the climate characteristics of the airport, which can be extremely useful for various stakeholders. For meteorologists and forecasters, these findings can serve as a valuable tool to improve the accuracy of fog-related forecasts at the airport, thereby promoting safer and more efficient aviation operations. The conclusions drawn from this research not only deepen the overall understanding of local weather conditions, but also hold practical significance for those involved in aviation and weather forecasting. Furthering such studies contributes to ensuring safer skies and more efficient airports.
The Impact of Administrative Buildings on the Psychology of Users and Its Relationship to Increasing Productivity for Occupants
Authors: Muhammad Reda Abdullah  , Basma Saad El-Din El-Sayed Ahmed
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate the overall impact of administrative building design on the psychology of users and its effect on the work environment and employee productivity. It also aimed to establish design criteria for creating a work environment that aligns with the physiological and psychological needs of employees. The deductive approach was adopted in this study, and a questionnaire was used to gather the necessary data. One of the key findings was the relationship between the built environment of the workplace and the psychology of users on employee productivity. As a result, several recommendations were made, including urging engineers to pay attention to implementing the necessary design standards that consider the physiological and psychological needs of employees, making them fundamental design principles for creating a high-quality work environment that not only enhances employee productivity but also has a positive impact on their physical and mental health, as well as their relationships with the surroundings, which, in turn, has a consequential effect on society as a whole.
Determinants Impacting Farmers' Selection of Various Agrochemical Brands of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Arun Kumar Rai  , Kushagra Kulshrestha
Published: November 2023

Agriculture drives India's economy with 59% population dependence and 23% GDP contribution. Amidst diminishing cultivable land, employing modern techniques, quality pesticides, and high-yield seeds ensure food security and export stability. Agrochemicals crucially protect crops, doubling yields in the last five decades. To explain various dimensions of agrochemical usages in between farmers, this study was undertaken and a total sample of 100 farmers were investigated. In the study area of Uttar Pradesh, factors influencing farmers' pesticide brand preferences include retailer recommendation, competitive price, and quality as primary factors, while co-farmer opinion, sales promotion, and advertisement have minimal influence etc. were studied. As for the study of the majority of sampled farmers (87.00%) favored Saafbrand as their top choice, followed by Tebusulph (79%) and Indofil M-45 (63%) as their second and third preferences, respectively. Sofiya (51.00%), Sprint (39.00%), Miradore (24.00%), Haru (12.00%), Roko (9.00%), and Cocide (4.00%) were moderately preferred brands among Uttar Pradesh farmers. This research paper includes various marketing shares of various pesticide, insecticide and weedicides.
Formulation and Evaluation of Lornoxicam Nanosuspension with Eudragit Rs100 Polymer
Authors: Sunil Aher  , Poonam Patil  , Kiran Mahajan  , Smita Kumbhar  , Puja Saha  , Sheetal Samant  , Niravsinh Rathod
Published: November 2023

BCS Class II has a low aqueous solubility problem in pharmaceutical formulation. Hence to overcome this problem this research the was carried out for BCS Class II drug lornoxicam was selected to enhance the aqueous solubility by formulating nanosuspension with a polymer like Eudragit RL100, Eudragit RS100 and Poloxamber407 as a stabilizer. The present study focuses on the polymer Eudragit RS100. A total of four formulations LRS-F1, LRS-F2, LRS-F3, LRS-F4, and LRS-F4 were prepared with a ratio of drug: polymer: stabilizer (1:1:0.5 & 1:2:0.5, 1:1:1 & 1:2:1)LRS-F4 formulation was found to be optimized formulation with  90.00 – 100 nm particle size & -11.20 zeta potential and % drug release at the end of 10 hrs was found to be 96.88 % with the increase in the dissolution/saturation solubility of 70.36±0.09 ( µg /mL) of poorly water-soluble lornoxicam (reported solubility with 14.28 µg /mL µg /mL). The amount unincorporated was found to be 09.74 % with an optimized formulation. Moreover, the physical appearance of the nanosuspension was found to be up to the mark confirming that the nanosuspension is stable and has no crystal growth or crystal development with optimized formulation at a temperature of 4 °C for 3 months. Poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer.
Antihyperglycaemic Effect of Tetrahydrocurcumin and Pterostilbene: Effect on Key Metabolic Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes
Authors: Pidaran Murugan
Published: November 2023

This study is to assess the glucose lowering activity of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) and pterostilbene (PTS), in diabetes induced rats by streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide. Diabetic rats were treated THC (80 mg/kg body weight) and PTS (40 mg/kg body weight) for 45 days, after which activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, sorbitol dehydrogenase in liver and glycogen content in liver and muscle were assayed. The activities of gluconeogeneic enzymes were significantly increased, whereas the activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycogen were significantly decreased in diabetic control rats. Both THC and PTS were able to restore the altered enzyme activities to almost near normal levels. THC was more effective than PTS. Our results indicate that administration of THC and PTS to diabetic animals normalizes blood glucose and causes marked improvement of altered carbohydrate metabolic enzymes during diabetes. The THC administration showed more effective than PTS and metformin.
AN IMPACT OF THE LASER IRRADIATION TIME ON PROPERTIES OF COLLOIDAL SOLUTIONS OF SILICON NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, FLIMELOVA MIROSLAVA , RYABCHIKOV YURY V. ,   HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2023

The design of semiconductor-metallic nanostructures using pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) is a very demanding task for biomedical applications being at an early stage of its development. Only few recent papers show the possibility of such a synthesis of composite nanoparticles as well as their perspectives for biosensing applications. However, mechanisms of the laser-stimulated formation of semiconductor-metallic nanoparticles involving several processes are not clarified yet being considerably depended on experimental conditions. In this work, we demonstrated an impact of the laser irradiation of colloidal solutions of silicon nanoparticles at different exposure time in the presence/absence of a gold target. In particular, longer ablation of the metal led to a stronger plasmonic maximum in silicon nanoparticles at around 520 nm. It also decreased the hydrodynamic size from 165 nm to 85 nm as well as the ξ-potential from –46 mV to –30 mV by increasing the ablation time from 0 s to 600 s. At the same time, the lowest electrical conductivity value (~1.5 µS/cm) of the plasmonic nanocomposites was detected at 120 s irradiation time. The highest concentration of synthesized composite nanoparticles (~3·1011 NPs/mL) was achieved at 180 s ablation time. Another purpose of the paper was to reveal an influence of the used laser irradiation on properties of the colloidal solutions of silicon nanoparticles themselves. It was found a considerable decrease of their absorbance with the increase of the laser exposure time that can be associated with the change of their properties (e.g. concentration, size, oxidation state etc.). Thus, the laser irradiation strongly affects properties of colloidal solutions of silicon nanoparticles that must also be taken into account considering possible mechanisms of the formation of composite nanostructures. Presented in the paper fast optical diagnostic can help to determine properties of colloidal solutions of nanocomposites formed by PLAL prior their biomedical or catalytic applications.
THE EFFECT OF BROACHING TOOL CUTTING EDGES POLISHING ON PROCESS FORCES AND TEMPERATURE
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Pérez-Salinas C. , López de Lacalle LN. ,   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Fernández-Lucio P. ,   University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Gómez-Escudero G. ,   University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Dpt. of Mechanical Engineering, Del Olmo A. ,   Advanced Manufacturing Centre for Aeronautics (CFAA), University of the Basque Country
Published: November 2023

In the industrial field, the search for improving the performance of machining tools considering their geometry, manufacturing, material, and coatings is a priority. This research focuses on optimizing the cutting edge for broaching Inconel 718. Drag-finishing was used to round and polish the cutting edge of a K10-Co 7% grade tungsten carbide roughing tool. The results reveal that increasing the cutting-edge radius affects the process forces increasingly, especially the thrust force. From the minimum tested radius of 5 micrometers to the maximum radius of 35 micrometers, the cutting and thrust force doubles at uncut thicknesses (RPT) of 75 and 100 micrometers. The plowing force is hardly affected. The shear coefficient Kcc also shows growth as the radius of the cutting-edge increases. The temperature increases proportionally with the radius, and in addition, the simulations show a change of the temperature distribution in the cutting profile with the change of the cutting-edge radius. Thus, the preparation of the cutting-edge could be crucial in the performance of the broaching process.
STUDY ON SURFACE INTEGRITY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE BEHAVIOR WHEN TURNING POWDER METALLURGY NI-BASED SUPERALLOY
Authors:   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, MA Zheng , DANG Jiaqiang ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, WANG Qi ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, MING Weiwei ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, AN Qinglong ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, CHEN Ming ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mechanical Engineering
Published: November 2023

As a member of the latest generation of powder metallurgy Ni-based superalloy, FGH96 has already been widely applied in the manufacturing of aero-engines because of its distinguished mechanical performances. The surface integrity plays an essential role in the final fatigue life of the machined parts. However, surface modification induced by the machining process is inevitable, which profoundly affects the high temperature fatigue behavior of the manufactured part during the service lifetime. To cover the gap, the present work was carried out to specially study the surface integrity and its influence on high temperature fatigue behavior of powder metallurgy Ni-based superalloy when subjected to the mechanical turning process. The surface integrity, including surface morphology, micro-hardness, and depth-dependent residual stress, was initially characterized under different input parameters. High temperature fatigue tests were then conducted on the processed specimens to correlate the surface integrity and its fatigue behavior. Results showed that input parameters greatly influence the surface condition and thus the high temperature fatigue behavior. Poor integrity on machined surface leads to poor fatigue performance with typical fatigue fracture morphology, including crack initiation, propagation, and final fracture. While fine integrity on machined surface contributes to better fatigue performance. More interestingly, the fracture morphology in this situation shows similarity to the static tensile fracture, which presents shear failure along the direction of maximum shear stress.
EFFECT OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION ON MATERIAL REMOVAL BEHAVIOR DURING HIGH SPEED SCRATCHING OF MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Zhang Ruihao , Wang Bing ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Liu Zhanqiang ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Song Qinghua ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University
Published: November 2023

Monocrystalline silicon has anisotropic attributes due to asymmetric and non-uniform interatomic lattice structures, which affects its deformation and fracture properties. This paper aims to investigate the effect of crystallographic orientation on the material deformation and removal behavior during high speed scratching of monocrystalline silicon. A high-speed scratching setup is developed which can achieve the highest scratching speed of 40 m/s. Inclined scratching experiments are conducted on (001), (110) and (111) crystallographic planes over the speed range of 1 m/s to 30 m/s. As the scratching depth increases, the ductile-to-brittle transition of silicon at different crystallographic orientations are analyzed. The experimental results suggest that scratching in the direction of "[" ¯("1" ) "10]" on (111) plane presents the largest critical residual depth of ductile-to-brittle transition. Phase transformation from Si-I to the phases of Si-IV and a-Si dominates ductile deformation of silicon during scratching process, while scratching tests in "[" ¯("1" ) "10]" direction on (111) plane demonstrates the largest degree of material amorphization. This study can provide guidance for optimizing processing parameters of monocrystalline silicon components with different crystallographic orientations.
ANALYSIS OF THE INCLINATION OF SLOTS IN TEXTURED CERAMIC TOOLS THROUGH THE STUDY OF THE FINAL ROUGHNESS AND CUTTING FORCES DURING CUTTING OF COLD WORK TOOL STEEL
Authors:   University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Fernandez-Lucio P. , Pereira O. ,   Aeronautics Advanced Manufacturing Centre (CFAA), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Urbikain G. ,   University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ukar E. ,   University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lopez de Lacalle L. N. ,   Aeronautics Advanced Manufacturing Centre (CFAA), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the influence of different texturing inclinations on the cutting forces and surface roughness during hard turning with ceramic cutting tools of X100CrMoV8 cold work tool steel. Four linear textures with inclinations ranging from 0° to 45° were tested. The results show that textured tools exhibited similar cutting forces to the reference tool, with a slight increase using a 30° inclination. Surface roughness measurements indicated minor variations among the textured tools, some reducing and others increasing roughness. The texturing inclinations had limited effects on cutting forces and surface roughness in this experimental setup.
METROLOGICAL QUANTIFICATION OF TOOL WEAR BEHAVIOR OVER TIME
Authors:   Bruker Alicona, Research and Development, Zangl K. , Danzl R. ,   Bruker Alicona, Research and Development, Helmli F. ,   Bruker Alicona, Research and Development, Zhang Y. ,   Bruker Alicona China, Regional Manager China
Published: November 2023

Tool wear, caused by high machining temperatures, cutting speed or mechanical load, can have various characteristics. Current solutions for metrological quantification are limited with respect to their viewing dependency and user influence. Here, a measurement solution which is based on 3D focus variation measurements is presented. The quantification is carried out by the automatic evaluation of flank wear parameters (ISO 3685:1993, ISO 8688-1:1989) and plastic deformation impression and depression parameters on 3D dataset series. This allows the visualization and assessment of wear over a period of time and provides crucial information for the manufacturing and machining process.
ESTIMATION OF MACHINE TOOL ACCURACY BASED ON MONTE CARLO SIMULATION USING MOVEMENT AXES GEOMETRIC ERRORS MODEL
Authors:   Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Production Machines and Equipment, Research Center of Manufacturing Technology, Valasek A. , Smolik J. ,   Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Production Machines and Equipment, Research Center of Manufacturing Technology, Kolar P. ,   Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Production Machines and Equipment, Research Center of Manufacturing Technology
Published: November 2023

Accuracy is one of the most important feature of a machine tool. Being able to estimate the overall accuracy of a machine tool represented by the total volumetric error can be a huge advantage in the design process. This paper provides overview of methods used for geometric error transfer modeling and volumetric error modeling. An error transfer rigid body model is derived and after that, a random linear guideway straightness error profile generator is proposed. This allows to simulate a movement axis with random straightness errors of rails and computed geometric errors of an assembled axis. Volumetric error of a 3-axis machine tool is then modeled using its kinematic scheme and homogenous transformation matrices with 21 kinematic errors. Using simulated axes as input to the volumetric model, an entire machine tool can be simulated. From that, the total volumetric error can be obtained and a Monte Carlo simulation carried out. This allows to analyze statistics of the total volumetric error and with slight input changes (rail straightness tolerance), a sensitivity analysis can be performed to determine the most influential errors in the machine tool.
THE COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF WIRE ELECTRODES ON WIRE BREAKAGE FREQUENCY AND CUTTING RATE IN WEDM OF INCONEL 706
Authors:   IKG PTU, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Parshad Jwala , Aggarwal Vivek ,   IKG PTU, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Grover Neelkanth ,   IKG PTU, Department of Mechanical Engineering
Published: November 2023

Non-traditional machining methods like wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) appear to be an ideal choice for machining high strength super alloys like Inconel 706, because of their capability to generate intricate profiles with high accuracy. However, wire breakages are a common problem in the WEDM process and adversely affect the productivity, accuracy, and surface quality. Therefore, the aim of this work is to investigate and comprehend the phenomenon of wire breakage using Inconel 706 as work material and brass wire, diffused brass wire, and zinc-coated brass wire as electrode materials. Six process parameters—pulse-on time, pulse-off time, peak current, spark gap voltage, wire feed rate, and wire tension—have been varied experimentally to determine their effect on the frequency of wire failure. According to the findings, the zinc-coated brass wire breaks with the lowest frequency when compared to the other two. Additionally, an ideal range of input variables has been proposed for efficient WEDM of Inconel 706 without unexpected wire breakages. This range can also be utilized for further research work related to modeling and optimization in WEDM of Inconel 706.
A JOINT WEARABLE STRUCTURAL REINFORCING DEVICE FOR VIBRATION SUPPRESSION IN ROBOTIC MILLING
Authors:   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Xin Shihao , Peng Fangyu ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Tang Xiaowei ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Wu Jiawei ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Sun Zhaoyang ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Yan Rong ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering
Published: November 2023

The structural vibration caused by poor rigidity is one of the main obstacles limiting the machining efficiency of robot milling. The existing vibration suppression strategies mainly focus on process parameter optimization, passive vibration absorption at the end and feedback control of joint motor. Although these strategies have certain vibration suppression effects, they cannot directly improve the structural rigidity of the robot. In this paper, a joint wearable structural reinforcing device (JWSRD) is proposed, which can achieve vibration suppression effect by improving the rigidity of the robot joints, fundamentally improve the processing ability of the robot, and ensure the processing stability. Firstly, the structure of the device is designed without affecting the processing flexibility. Secondly, the braking torque of the JWSRD is tested. Considering the feedback of joint braking torque, the vibration simulation model under harmonic excitation is derived. Finally, the offset mass experiments are carried out to verify the vibration suppression effect of the JWSRD. The results show that the JWSRD installed on the robot joint has the notable potential to enhance the structural rigidity, reduce the machining vibration and improve the machining efficiency.
Attendance of extracurricular activities in the field of natural sciences and the attractiveness of the content offered for extracurricular activities in biology in elementary schools
Authors: Sirovina Damir , Petrinec Daniela , Tramontana Petra , Kovačević Goran
Published: November 2023

Background and purpose: For many years, students’ interest in the field of natural sciences has declined, which consequently results in decreasing numbers of professional staff in the mentioned field. The aim of this study was to examine the attendance of extracurricular activities in the field of natural sciences by elementary school students (age 13 and 14) in Zagreb and whether the teachers' expectations are in line with the students' preferences for the content offered as part of extracurricular activities in biology.
Material and methods: Using an anonymous online survey (Google Forms), data were collected on participation in extracurricular activities in the field of natural sciences and the attractiveness of the content of extracurricular activities. The respondents were 90 students in the 7th grade and 46 teachers of biology in Zagreb, 2020.
Results: Participation in extracurricular activities in the field of natural sciences among the surveyed students was very low. Students were attracted to content that includes simple practical work in the field of biology, including microscopy, but the perception of their interest by teachers is not in accordance with the real interests of the students.
Conclusion: The results of this research show that the share of the science field in extracurricular activities is low, and that the surveyed teachers are not aware of the students' wishes regarding the content offered in extracurricular activities. The conducted research can be a good basis for organizing and planning extracurricular activities in elementary school.
Use of atomic force microscopy for characterization of model membranes and cells
Authors: Sadžak Anja , Mandić Lucija , Šegota Suzana , Strasser Vida
Published: November 2023

Background: To provide a fundamental understanding of the potential and use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in medicine and the life sciences, this work presents a thorough description of imaging and non-imaging atomic force microscopy modes for characterizing model membranes and cells at the nanoscale.
Methods: The imaging and non-imaging AFM modes are described with examples in terms of the characterization of topographic, morphological, and nanomechanical sample properties.
Results: AFM imaging of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) revealed the effects of temperature and medium composition on SLB topography in the gel and fluid phases, and on the bilayer thickness. Non-imaging AFM showed the strengthening of the SLB in both phases by the ion binding process.Imaging of neuronal and neuroblastoma cells with and without treatment revealed morphological changes in shape, volume, roughness, and Feret dimension. Non-imaging AFM showed the change in cell elasticity induced by the treatment with H2O2 with and without quercetin and by the treatment with copper and myricetin. The measurements of cells elasticity revealed a reorganization of the cytoskeleton and filament structures.
Conclusions: Diverse applications of imaging and non-imaging AFM can provide important information about the underlying processes in biologically relevant systems. AFM, as a complementary technique to other biomedical methods, allows screening and monitoring of physiological changes at the nanoscale.
Forensic potential of pollen grains: A case study from continental Croatia (town of Donja Stubica)
Authors: Horjan Zanki Ivana , Hruševar Dario , Mitić Božena
Published: November 2023

Background and Purpose: Pollen grains can come as “ invisible” traces during forensic palynological expertise. As forensic palynology is not carried out in Croatia at all, the main aims of our work were to establish an initial palynological collection for a limited area in Croatia and determine its forensic potential.
Materials and Methods: For our case study, we chose a typical town from continental Croatia, Donja Stubica, in which there had been no previous floristic studies. The field survey was conducted during 2005, 2007, and 2021. Floristic and palynological analysis was carried out with an emphasis on the forensic potential of pollen grains.
Results: A total of 141 representative plant taxa with pollen samples were collected. The taxonomic analysis showed that the area for the case study was chosen well. Palynological analysis showed that the highest number of taxa had pollen grains that were spheroidal in shape (60%), medium sized (70%), and colporate (41%). The pollen of the majority of taxa had excellent or very important forensic potential, due to their dispersal by insects (60%), a combination of two dispersal methods (23%), and autogamy (1%). In addition, due to the limited distribution of certain rare plants (e.g., Iris sibirica subsp. sibirica in Croatia), their pollen has an even greater forensic potential than the similar pollen of related, more widespread taxa.
Conclusion: The generated palynological collection, due to the great forensic potential, could be used in the future as a comparative, and at least partly as a reference forensic collection, applicable in specific cases of legal pollen expertise in Croatia.