bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecção de infiltração em áreas internas de edificações com termografia infravermelha: estudo de caso
Authors: Rocha Joaquin Humberto Aquino , Santos Cynthia Firmino dos , Oliveira Jaquelline Barros de , Albuquerque Larissa Kelly dos Santos , Póvoas Yêda Vieira
Published: October 2018

Resumo A termografia infravermelha é uma técnica de inspeção não destrutiva com uso crescente em obras civis. Sua aplicação específica na detecção de infiltração ainda está em desenvolvimento. O objetivo principal do trabalho é verificar a aplicabilidade da termografia infravermelha na detecção de umidade em áreas internas que apresentem essa manifestação patológica ou sinais mínimos relacionados a esse problema. Foram realizadas, através de estudos de caso, inspeções em ambientes internos localizados em áreas vulneráveis a infiltrações. O estudo foi realizado durante o período de chuvas e de forma passiva. Os resultados mostram que a detecção é possível durante o dia, sem dificuldades, onde as áreas afetadas pela infiltração apresentam temperaturas mais baixas em relação às áreas sem umidade. Pode-se notar que existe maior claridade nas imagens térmicas quanto maior seja essa diferença. No entanto, os revestimentos das superfícies inspecionadas podem interromper a formação dos contrastes térmicos, o que reduz a qualidade dos resultados. O ensaio é uma ferramenta útil para a detecção de infiltrações não visíveis ou em estágios iniciais porque fornece informação da localização e da área afetada, mas devem ser considerados alguns fatores para que a inspeção seja eficaz, como as condições ambientais externas do local de estudo, as especificações da câmera e as características da infiltração.
Bile Acid G Protein-Coupled Membrane Receptor TGR5 Modulates Aquaporin 2–Mediated Water Homeostasis
Authors: Li Suchun , Qiu Miaojuan , Kong Yonglun , Zhao Xiaoduo , Choi Hyo-Jung , Reich Maria , Bunkelman Brady H. , Liu Qiaojuan , Hu Shan , Han Mengke , Xie Haixia , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Keitel Verena , Kwon Tae-Hwan , Levi Moshe , Li Chunling , Wang Weidong
Published: October 2018

Background

The bile acid-activated receptors, including the membrane G protein–coupled receptor TGR5 and nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR), have roles in kidney diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of TGR5 in renal water handling and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods

We used tubule suspensions of inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells from rat kidneys to investigate the effect of TGR5 signaling on aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression, and examined the in vivo effects of TGR5 in mice with lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and Tgr5 knockout (Tgr5
−/−) mice.

Results

Activation of TGR5 by lithocholic acid (LCA), an endogenous TGR5 ligand, or INT-777, a synthetic TGR5-specific agonist, induced AQP2 expression and intracellular trafficking in rat IMCD cells via a cAMP-protein kinase A signaling pathway. In mice with NDI, dietary supplementation with LCA markedly decreased urine output and increased urine osmolality, which was associated with significantly upregulated AQP2 expression in the kidney inner medulla. Supplementation with endogenous FXR agonist had no effect. In primary IMCD suspensions from lithium-treated rats, treatment with INT-767 (FXR and TGR5 dual agonist) or INT-777, but not INT-747 (FXR agonist), increased AQP2 expression. Tgr5
−/− mice exhibited an attenuated ability to concentrate urine in response to dehydration, which was associated with decreased AQP2 expression in the kidney inner medulla. In lithium-treated Tgr5
−/− mice, LCA treatment failed to prevent reduction of AQP2 expression.

Conclusions

TGR5 stimulation increases renal AQP2 expression and improves impaired urinary concentration in lithium-induced NDI. TGR5 is thus involved in regulating water metabolism in the kidney.
Barriers to Antenatal Care Use, Child Birth Experience and Level of Education on Actual Attendance among Pregnant Women
Authors: Oyinlola O.A. , Sunmola A.M , Opayemi A.S. , Mayungbo O.A.
Published: October 2018

Despite the wide spread awareness regarding the need to improve maternal health, maternal mortality remains a great concern in Nigeria. Consequently, the importance of medical attention required in the care of pregnant women cannot be over emphasised. This study investigates the influence of barriers to attending antenatal care among pregnant women in Ibadan. Using a survey method, a total of 114 pregnant women were purposively selected from Akinyele Local Government Area of Ibadan.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t- test and one way analysis of variance at 0.05 level of significance. Three hypotheses were tested. Results revealed that pregnant women who had more barriers (N = 54, mean = 4.5) were less likely to attend antenatal care than women who had fewer barriers (N = 60, mean = 5.6). Pregnant women who had no children (nulliparous) attended antenatal care more than pregnant women who have had at least one child (multiparous) (t (112) = 1.2 p< 0.05).Thus, barriers should be reduced by making antenatal care mobile and health care givers should be re- trained to develop more positive attitude towards better service delivery especially to pregnant women during antenatal period.
Academic Subject Areas and English Language Learning Strategies: Any Relationships?
Authors: Nazari Ahmad , Warty Tanvi
Published: October 2018

This study is an attempt to resolve the contradictory findings concerning the relationship between learners’ English language learning strategies and their academic subject areas. A two-phased mixed-methods research approach, consisting of a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, was adopted for the study. 250 students speaking English as a second language and studying five different subject areas at various London universities responded to a questionnaire on the English language learning strategies they used. The results showed that the preference for learning strategies differed significantly between students of different subject areas. Whilst cognitive strategies were reported to be the most commonly used ones by medicine and finance students, metacognitive, memory-related and social strategies were mostly used by law, music and social science students respectively. The least common set of strategies reported to be used by law and finance students was affective strategies, whereas compensatory, cognitive and metacognitive strategies were the least used ones by medicine, music and social science students in turn. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 10 of the participants to disclose the reasons behind these learners’ choices of learning strategies and the contributory factors which might influence their choices. The results showed that the participants attributed their choices to factors such as the nature of their academic exposure, of their academic instructions, their learning styles, their motivations and their domestic backgrounds. The pedagogical and research significance of the study are described in the concluding remarks.
Association between trial retention and the proportion of included elderly individuals: Protocol for a meta-research project v1
Authors: Palmowski Andriko , Buttgereit Thomas , Palmowski Yannick , M Nielsen Sabrina , Boers Maarten , Christensen Robin , Buttgereit Frank
Published: October 2018

Importance Recently, we showed that the elderly are significantly underrepresented in randomized controlled trials (RCT) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). While this phenomenon has been detected in other fields as well, efforts by various international institutions to tackle the issue were without decisive success. Researchers might be cautious about including more elderly people because they fear reduced trial retention rates. Objective To evaluate whether the proportion of included elderly individuals (defined by an age of ≥65 years) is independently associated with trials’ retention rates. Data Source MEDLINE (via PubMed). Eligibility RCT on any intervention in RA or OA published in 2016 or 2017. Outcome Retention rate. Critical Appraisal We will not address any conclusion made by included RCT. Thus, we will not perform a formal risk of bias assessment. Synthesis Methods The proportion of elderly people is either directly abstracted from the research manuscript or estimated from an assumed truncated normal distribution. Multivariable meta-regression will explore whether the proportion of included elderly people is independently associated with trials’ retention rates, even after adjusting for trial duration. The model will include as covariates – apart from the proportion of elderly people and study duration - disease, type of intervention, region, sample size at enrollment, and the proportion of women. Additional models will explore whether the proportion of included elderly people is independently associated with trial retention rates when only drop-outs due to adverse events, resp. lack of efficacy are counted.
Trends in causes of maternal mortality in a tertiary care centre in Kerala, India
Authors: U. Sreekumari , Nair Shilpa
Published: October 2018

Background: Kerala has the lowest maternal mortality ratio compared to other Indian states. But when compared to developed countries Kerala has still a long way to go. The present study aimed to analyse the causes of maternal deaths that occurred in the study setting for a period of seven years (2011-2017).Methods: Retrospective study which was conducted at SAT hospital, Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. All maternal deaths that occurred in the study setting from January 2011 to December 2017 were found out from registers. The baseline socio demographic characteristics, gravidity, parity, cause of death were recorded using structured proforma and analyzed using SPSS software.Results: Total maternal deaths during the time period was 101. There were 66441 live births. Maternal mortality ratio for the seven-year period was 152. Majority were primigravidae (50.49%), of low socio-economic status (79.2%), rural population (81.1%) and referred from periphery after identifying complication (85.1%). Caessarean section was the commonest mode of delivery among them (43.56%). Regarding cause of death, indirect maternal deaths were more than direct deaths (50.49% versus 42.57%). Cardiac disorder was the leading indirect cause (12.87%), Post-partum hemorrhage (13.86%), Hypertensive disorders (8.91%) and Sepsis (7.9%) were the leading direct causes.Conclusions: Early referral protocols, increasing blood and blood component availability in the periphery should be reinforced. Regarding indirect causes medical boards should be constituted in tertiary care centres for prompt and efficient multidisciplinary care.
Primer registro de Nanomis rasmusseni Chacón, Pescador & Segnini, 2013 (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) en el departamento del Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Forero-Céspedes Adriana Marcela , Reinoso-Florez Gladys
Published: October 2018

Se registra por primera vez la especie Nanomis rasmusseni (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) en el departamento del Tolima, Colombia. Esta especie había sido previamente reportada en Venezuela y, recientemente, en Colombia a partir de material proveniente de los departamentos de Nariño y Quindío. La información del presente estudio amplía su distribución a nivel regional. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Patrones altitudinales de las comunidades vegetales en el Chocó biogeográfico del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Moreno Cavazos María Paula , Soto Medina Edier Alberto , Torres González Alba Marina , Llano-Almario Martín
Published: October 2018

Se estudió la estructura y la diversidad vegetal de cinco localidades en el Chocó biogeográfico para determinar los patrones altitudinales de la vegetación leñosa y evaluar el efecto de los parámetros climáticos. En cada localidad se muestrearon diez parcelas de 50 x 2m, y se incluyeron todos los individuos con un diámetro a la altura del pecho de 2,5 cm o mayor. Además, se tuvieron en cuenta los datos de siete localidades del Chocó biogeográfico muestreadas con el mismo método. Las familias Arecaceae, Rubiaceae y Melastomataceae fueron las más ricas y abundantes, con los más altos índices de valor de importancia. La diversidad alfa fue más alta en las elevaciones bajas y menor en la zona más alta. Al agregar las otras localidades, el patrón altitudinal de riqueza disminuyó al aumentar la altitud. La riqueza de las plantas tuvo una acusada relación lineal con la temperatura, y una relación logarítmica con la precipitación, de tal manera que las zonas del Chocó biogeográfico con una temperatura y humedad relativa más altas presentaron mayor riqueza, aunque la precipitación podría alcanzar un punto de saturación, limitando así el aumento de la diversidad de plantas. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Moutabea chartacea (Polygalaceae), a new species from the north-central Amazon and Guayana Shield
Authors: Aymard C. Gerardo A. , Campbell Lisa M.
Published: October 2018

Se describe e ilustra la especie Moutabea chartacea, de los bosques húmedos de tierras bajas de Brasil (estado Amazonas), Venezuela (estados Amazonas, Bolívar y Delta Amacuro) y Colombia (departamentos de Caquetá, Meta y Vaupés), y se discuten sus relaciones morfológicas con su especie afín. Esta nueva especie es similar a M. gentryi, sin embargo, difiere por poseer los pecíolos, hojas, lóbulos de cáliz, frutos y semillas más pequeños, así como brácteas triangulares, pétalos con los ápices no reflexos y semillas densamente cubiertas por tricomas estrellados. Se incluye una clave actualizada de las especies de Moutabea. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Thermodynamic properties, electronic and crystallographic structure, and magnetic response of the Sr2HoNbO6 material
Authors: Deluque Toro Críspulo E. , Mosquera Polo Ariday S. , Villa Hernández Jorge I. , Landínez Téllez David Arsenio , Roa-Rojas Jairo
Published: October 2018

En el presente trabajo se utilizó el código Wien2k, en el marco de la teoría del funcional de la densidad de Kohn-Sham, aplicando el método de ondas planas aumentadas y linealizadas (full-potential linearized augmented plane wave, FP- LAPW) y adoptando la aproximación de gradiente generalizado (GGA) de Perdew, Burke y Ernzerhof para la energía de intercambio y correlación, así como la aproximación de densidad local (local density approximation, LDA) para el cálculo de la densidad de estados y la estructura de bandas de la perovskita doble Sr2HoNbO6. Para los cálculos se consideró el grupo Fmm (#225), experimentalmente obtenido a partir de mediciones de difracción de rayos X y del método de refinamiento de Rietveld. El parámetro de red experimental fue de 8.018 Å, el cual concuerda en un 99,2 % con las predicciones teóricas efectuadas a partir de la minimización de la energía mediante la ecuación de estado de Murnaghan. A partir de mediciones de susceptibilidad magnética en función de la temperatura y del ajuste con la ley de Curie, se obtuvo el valor del momento magnético efectivo 10,01 μB. Este valor es muy cercano del esperado teóricamente a partir de las reglas de Hund (10,60 μB). La brecha de energía determinada entre las bandas de valencia y de conducción fue de 3,3 eV, lo que revela el carácter aislante de la perovskita compleja Sr2HoNbO6 para la configuración de espín hacia arriba, en tanto que se observó el carácter semiconductor para la polarización de espín hacia abajo, con una brecha de energía de 0,77 eV. Las propiedades termodinámicas se calcularon a partir de la ecuación de estado usando el modelo cuasi-armónico de Debye. Un comportamiento del calor específico, con CV≈CP, se encontró a temperaturas inferiores a T = 500 K, con valores del límite de Dulong-Petit que doblaban los que se han reportado para materiales del tipo de la perovskita. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Evaluación de resistencia de cultivares de soya (Glycine max L.) a aislamientos de Phytophthora sojae Kaufm. & Gerd. de la altillanura colombiana
Authors: López-Cardona Nathali , López-Casallas Marcela
Published: October 2018

Una de las enfermedades que más afecta el cultivo de la soya es causada por Phytophthora sojae, un patógeno del suelo que pudre el tallo y la raíz de las plantas, ocasionando importantes pérdidas económicas para los productores. En la Orinoquia colombiana el patógeno se ha visto favorecido por la interacción de las características de los suelos ácidos y con problemas de drenaje, la introducción de variedades altamente susceptibles, la siembra directa y condiciones ambientales muy favorables para el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Dado que el mejor método de manejo de la enfermedad se logra con el uso de variedades tolerantes o resistentes, se evaluó la reacción a la infección con aislamientos locales de P. sojae en 18 cultivares de soya. Las pruebas de patogenicidad en los materiales de soya de la oferta genética de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia) evidenciaron la posibilidad de seleccionar fuentes de resistencia en la variedad Corpoica La Libertad 4, la cual demostró resistencia moderada específica frente a la virulencia de los aislamientos inoculados. La Línea Élite 105, desarrollada en el programa de mejoramiento del 2016, la variedad Corpoica Orinoquia 3, Superior 6 y la variedad introducida BRS_Corisco, fueron altamente susceptibles a P. sojae. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Öğrenci Kariyer Yapılandırma Envanteri’nin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Sevinç Abdullah , Siyez Diğdem Müge
Published: October 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı Öğrenci Kariyer Yapılandırma Envanteri’nin (ÖKYE) Türkçeye
uyarlanarak üniversite öğrencileri için geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin
incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi’nde
öğrenim gören 309 öğrenci (161 kadın, 158 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. ÖKYE’ nin
geçerlik çalışması kapsamında doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve eş değer
ölçek geçerliği incelenmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda üç faktörlü
yapının uyum indekslerinin daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Eş değer ölçek
geçerliği sonucunda da ÖKYE’ nin alt boyutları ile Kariyer Uyum Yetenekleri
Ölçeği’ nin alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı .87
bulunurken Belirginleştirme” alt boyutu için α= .65, “Keşfetme” alt boyutu için
α= .72 ve “Hazır Olma” ve “Karar verme” alt boyutu için α= .87 olarak
bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak üniversite öğrencilerinin kariyer seçimi konusunda
tutumlarını, yeterliliklerini ve inançlarını ölçmede Öğrenci Kariyer
Yapılandırma Envanteri’ nin yeterli geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlerine sahip
olduğu söylenebilir.
Solubility enhancement of glimperide: Development of solid dispersion by solvent melt method, characterization and dosage form development
Authors: Kaushik Suchitra , Pathak Kamla
Published: October 2018

The aim of the present work was to develop immediate release dosage form of the solid dispersion of glimperide (GLIM) for potential enhancement in the bioavailability. The solid dispersions of GLIM were prepared with PEG6000, PVP K30 and Poloxamer 188, in 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 %w/w ratio by using solvent wetting and solvent melt method. The in vitro dissolution parameters (%DE10min, %DE30min, %DE60min, T50% and DP30) were used to select the optimized solid dispersion that was characterized by IR, PXRD, DSC and SEM. The optimized solid dispersion of GLIM (GSDSM3) was used as drug component for immediate release (IR) tablets that were evaluated for physical and pharmacopoeial parameters. The in vitro drug release studies identified G4 as the optimized tablet with a cumulative drug release (CDR) of 99.34% in 30 min in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. The CDR was higher than the marketed tablet (91.15%, Amaryl®, Sanofiaventis), However, the f1 and f2 were 10.6 and 52 respectively, which confirmed similarity of the dissolution profile(s). Accelerated stability studies confirmed stability up to 6 months at 40°C/75% condition in the HDPE bottle pack.
The hepatoprotective effect of Arnebia euchroma hydro-alcoholic extract against liver toxicity induced by CCl4 in mice
Authors: Shokrzadeh Mohammad , Azadbakht Mohammad , Shakibamanesh Hamidreza
Published: October 2018

Arnebia euchroma is from Boraginaceae family. Various therapeutic effects have been reported for different species of this plant. The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of the root of A. euchroma and its protective effect on hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in mice. In this experimental study, A. euchroma was extracted with ethanol solvent by maceration method. Antioxidant activity of the plant has been evaluated by the DPPH free radical scavenging method. Then, the hepatoprotective effect of A. euchroma was evaluated through determination the content of glutathione in liver tissue, ALP, AST, ALT serum levels and histopathology of liver in different groups. The total phenolic content determined as 0.56% per 100 g of plant was equivalent to gallic acid. The total flavonoid content was 0.079% per 100 g of plant that was equivalent to quercetin. The IC50 of the extract for free radical scavenging was obtained 139.2 μg/ml. The extract increased liver glutathione and serums ALP, AST, ALT that were decreased by CCl4 administration in animal. All protective effects were dose-dependent and the results of liver histopathology showed a significant improvement of inflammation and necrosis that were caused by CCl4 in mice. The results of this study revealed that the hydroalcoholic extract of A. euchroma root has an antioxidant effect and excellent hepatoprotection in mice.
Усиление иммуногенности вируса гриппа A путем подавления иммуносупрессорной функции белка NS1
Authors: Васильев К. А. , Юхнева М. А. , Шурыгина А.-П. С. , Стукова М. А. , Егоров А. Ю.
Published: October 2018

Укорочение неструктурного белка NS1 является перспективным методом создания аттенуированных высокоиммуногенных вирусов гриппа. Однако механизмы врожденного иммунитета, обуславливающие повышенную иммуногенность штаммов с модифицированным NS1 в настоящее время изучены недостаточно. Целью данной работы было сравнение продукции цитокинов, динамики изменения популяционного состава клеток врожденного иммунитета и уровня адаптивного Т-клеточного иммунного ответа после иммунизации мышей двумя вариантами вируса гриппа А/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (A/PR8): вирусом дикого типа А/PR8/full NS и вирусом с укороченным до 124 аминокислотных остатков белком NS1 (А/PR8/NS124). В данном исследовании для компенсации различий в репродуктивной активности исследуемых штаммов в респираторном тракте был выбран интраперитонеальный способ введения вирусов. Уровень интерферона β (IFNβ), фактора некроза опухолей α (TNFα), моноцитарного хемоаттрактантного белка 1 (MCP1), интерлейкина 6 (IL6) и IL27 в перитонеальных смывах мышей, иммунизированных А/PR8/NS124, был существенно выше, чем в группе, получившей А/PR8/full NS. В то же время группа А/PR8/NS124 характеризовалась замедленным привлечением моноцитов и нейтрофилов в перитонеальную полость и более выраженным снижением относительного содержания дендритных клеток по сравне-нию с А/PR8/full NS. Важно, что уровень экспрессии активационного маркера CD86 на клетках, экспрессирующих молекулы главного комплекса гистосовместимости II (MHCII+) перитонеальной полости мышей, иммунизированных штаммом А/PR8/NS124, имел более высокие значения по сравнению с группой А/PR8/full NS. Анализ адаптивного иммунного ответа показал, что иммунизация штаммом А/PR8/NS124 приводит к формированию повышенного содержания вирус-специфических CD8+-эффекторных Т-лимфоцитов, характеризующихся одновременной продукцией IFNγ, IL2 и TNFα. Мы предполагаем, что повышенная продукция цитокинов, усиленная миграция дендритных клеток, а также сохранение высокого уровня экспрессии CD86 на антигенпрезентирующих клетках (АПК) мышей через 24 ч после иммунизации штаммом А/PR8/NS124 приводит к более эффективной презентации антигенов вируса гриппа и, как следствие, к усилению вирусспецифического Т-клеточного иммунного ответа.
Role of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) in human nutrition and health: A review
Authors: Talari Aruna , Shakappa Devindra
Published: October 2018

Legumes and cereals are good, relatively inexpensive, sources of proteins and energy for third world countries, including India. India is a major pulse producing country, sharing 36 and 28% of total area and production of these crops. Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) is widely consumed in the form of dhal as an economical source of protein. It is a dense source of nutrients, but its nutritional elements are masked by some anti-nutritional factors decreased by different processing methods. The non-nutritive compounds of pigeon pea have been investigated for their role in the enhancement of the antioxidant and anti carcinogenic effects. Recent evidences suggest that pigeon pea bioactive compounds play a vital role in modulating the gut micribiota hence, can reduce inflammation. The Prebiotic potential of non digestible raffinose family oligosaccharides has also been investigated in animal models. Research on pigeon pea prebiotic oligosaccharide and health benefits is scanty and some research regarding this novel approach remains inconclusive and there is still much to be studied. This review article focuses on the nutritional, anti-nutritional factors bioactive compounds and other health benefits of pigeon pea.
A RELAÇÃO DOS INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO DA LOGÍSTICA PORTUÁRIA COM OS INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO DA LOGÍSTICA INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Oliveira Tavares Gabriela
Published: October 2018

A evolução do setor portuário é elemento estratégico para o desenvolvimento econômico dos países, sendo as organizações desafiadas a operar de forma eficiente e eficaz para garantir a continuidade de suas atividades, a logística tem sido utilizada para desenvolver vantagens em novas frentes de atuação, pela capacidade de evoluir para responder às mudanças do mercado. A logística portuária está se tornando fator determinante para os portos e avaliar e controlar o desempenho são tarefas estratégicas para conhecer o desenvolvimento do sistema, sendo os indicadores de desempenho, utilizados para medir a performance dos portos, representando níveis de serviço e produção alcançados.
INFLAMMATION ROLE IN FORMATION OF EARLY DISTURBANCES OF A FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF A LIVER AT COMMUNITY — ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Gorbunov A. Yu. , Bobyleva H. S. , Zelenin V. A. , Suvorova H. V.
Published: October 2018

The Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is an urgent problem of modern medicine due to its high incidence, morbidity, the increasing resistance of a microflora to antibacterial therapy, a large number of complications and a high lethality. Now in a pathogenesis of pneumonia the leading value belongs to various changes of metabolism, including an induction of peroxide oxidation of lipids and formation of an oxidizing stress. The importance is attached to violations of a functional condition of a liver at pneumonia which pathogenetic mechanisms of damage are diverse, including with participation of a vascular endothelium. At the same time in realization of therapeutic approaches on a normalization of metabolism of cages of an organism the priority part is assigned to oxidation substrata. It is shown that the succinatecontaining medicines realize various pharmacological effects, providing in general cytoprotective action that allows to consider them as perspective the compositions having hepatoprotective activity which are necessary in complex therapy of the community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP).
White wines from Narince grapes: impact of two different grape provenances on phenolic and volatile composition
Authors: Bayram Mustafa , Kayalar Miyase
Published: October 2018

Aim: In this study, aroma and phenolics of wines produced from Narince grapes harvested from two different localities (Emirseyit and Erbaa) of Tokat province (Turkey) were analyzed, and their effects on wine quality were assessed.Methods and results: Samples were subjected to physicochemical, total phenolics, individual phenolics and aroma compounds analyses. Gallic acid content of the Erbaa and Emirseyit wines at the end of fermentation was respectively 3.49 mg/L and 3.09 mg/L; (+)-catechin content 23.46 mg/L and 21.30 mg/L; and (-)-epicatechin content 9.46 mg/L and 8.74 mg/L. The differences in gallic acid and (-)-epicatechin contents of the wines produced from the grapes harvested from Erbaa and Emirseyit were found to be significant at the end of fermentation. A total of 31 aroma compounds were also analyzed in the wines. The aroma substances were the same in both wines (with the exception of E-3-hexanol found exclusively in Erbaa wines), but the levels were different: the wines produced from the grapes harvested from Erbaa (205605.32 μg/L) had higher total aroma compounds than the wines produced from the grapes harvested from Emirseyit (179547.85 μg/L).Conclusion: There were no distinctive differences in total phenolics of Narince wines produced from two different localities, but there were differences in individual phenolics and aroma compounds.Significance and impact of the study: The differences in some individual phenolics and aroma compounds of wines produced from grapes harvested from different localities are consistent with the concept of “terroir”.
Intensity and timing of defoliation on white cultivar Chasselas under the temperate climate of Switzerland
Authors: Verdenal Thibaut , Zufferey Vivian , Dienes-Nagy Agnes , Belcher Sandrine , Lorenzini Fabrice , Rösti Johannes , Koestel Carole , Gindro Katia , Spring Jean-Laurent
Published: October 2018

Aim: The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of early defoliation on cv. Chasselas under the temperate conditions of Switzerland, with particular attention to berry anatomical traits and wine sensory parameters.Methods and results: Defoliation (removal of 6 basal leaves + 6 lateral shoots per shoot) was completed during three developmental stages of grapevine, i.e., pre-flowering, late flowering and bunch closure, and at two intensity levels. The experimentation was performed repeatedly over four years. In addition to vintage effect, pre-flowering defoliation had a consistent impact on vine agronomic behaviour. The yield was highly affected by the technique (more than 30% loss). Earlier and more intense defoliation had more impact on yield, while post-berry-set defoliation had no effect on yield. Intensive defoliation also modified berry skin thickness and had a positive impact inhibiting Botrytis development. Wine composition and sensory analysis were not affected by the practice. However, pre-floral defoliation affected bud fruitfulness and vigour, i.e., trimming and pruning weights. This result noted a carryover effect that could affect vine sustainability under restrictive conditions.Conclusion: In the context of this study, pre-flowering defoliation seems to be an interesting practice to reduce vigour and control the high production potential of the cv. Chasselas. The intensity of early defoliation allows for the modulation of the impact on the yield in order to prevent excessive yield loss.Significance and impact of the study: Pre-flowering defoliation of the white cultivar represents a prophylactic solution to reduce both chemical entrants and bunch-thinning costs.
Causas y componentes del síndrome metabólico en receptores de trasplante renal desde una perspectiva de género
Authors: Martín Salvador Adelina , Fernández Castillo Rafael , García García Inmaculada , Aguilar Cordero María José , Bravo Soto Juan
Published: October 2018

Introducción: la aparición del síndrome metabólico (SM) entre los receptores renales es una de las mayores complicaciones postrasplante y se asocia con un mayor riesgo de fracaso del injerto y altas tasas de obesidad y diabetes de nueva aparición.Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar la relación entre la tasa de filtración glomerular medida por dos métodos distintos y los componentes del síndrome metabólico y sus combinaciones en pacientes trasplantados renales según género.Material y método: la muestra estuvo formada por 500 pacientes trasplantados renales, de los cuales 190 padecían SM, 121 hombres y 69 mujeres. Todos los sujetos se sometieron a evaluación clínica y toma de muestras de sangre para mediciones de laboratorio. El SM se determinó según los criterios del National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP-III). La función renal se estimó usando ecuaciones AMDRD y determinaciones de creatinina sérica (CrS).Resultados: la media de edad fue de 55,5 años. La prevalencia del SM fue significativamente mayor en hombres (23,1% < vs. 9,8%). La hipertensión arterial (HTA) fue el componente del SM más observado. Se observaron correlaciones significativas (Pearson; p < 0,05) entre TFG-AMDRD y TFG CrS y marcadores metabólicos más en hombres que en mujeres. El índice de masa corporal (IMC) fue significativamente mayor en mujeres que en hombres.Conclusiones: la disminución de la función renal asociada con los componentes del SM, la HTA y la obesidad representan un riesgo elevado de eventos cardiovasculares adversos y rechazos del injerto.
KARAKTERISTIK KESULITAN BELAJAR MEMBACA PADA SISWA KELAS RENDAH SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fauzi Fauzi
Published: October 2018

This study aims to analyze the shape and characteristics of learning difficulties in reading at the early grade student of primary school; different learning difficulties of reading experienced by each student, as well as various forms or types of learning difficulties read the most dominant faced by students. This research was conducted at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 3 Sekolah Dasar Negeri 3 Bobosan Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara, Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, in April - June 2011. The research was conducted using the qualitative approach with descriptive case study type. To collect research data using interview techniques, observation, documentation, and reading practice test. Data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study showed that learning difficulties of reading faced by students appear in four forms of unusual reading habits, mistakes to recognize words, misconceptions of reading, and various symptoms. There are differences and similarities in the characteristics of learning difficulties in reading faced by students in certain forms of difficulty. In terms of achievement of learning outcomes, students who have difficulty learning to read show low learning outcomes in other subjects. This means that learning difficulties of reading are associated with low student learning outcomes in other subjects.

 

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Cleveland Versus the Clinic: The 1960s Riots and Community Health Reform
Authors: Chowkwanyun Merlin
Published: October 2018

During the 1960s, cities across the United States erupted with rioting. Subsequent inquiries into its sources revealed long-simmering discontent with systemic deprivation and exploitation in the country’s most racially segregated and resource-scarce neighborhoods. Urban medical centers were not exempt from this anger. They were standing symbols of maldistribution, cordoned off to those without sufficient economic means of access. In this article, I examine the travails of the world-famous and prestigious Cleveland Clinic after the 1966 riot in the Hough neighborhood on the East Side of Cleveland, Ohio. After years of unbridled expansion, fueled by federal urban renewal efforts, the riots caught the Clinic’s leadership off guard, forcing it to rethink the long-standing insularity between itself and its neighbors. The riots were central to the Clinic’s programmatic reorientation, but the concessions only went so far, especially as the political foment from the riots dissipated in the years afterward. The Cleveland experience is part of a larger—and still ongoing—debate on social obligations of medical centers, “town–gown” relations between research institutions and their neighbors, and the role of protest in catalyzing community health reform.
Congenital Aplasia of the Patella and the Distal Third of the Quadriceps Mechanism
Authors: Shah Avi Pranay , Vaidya Sandeep , Phadke Sanjay , Agashe Mandar
Published: October 2018

Case:

Congenital aplasia or hypoplasia of the patella by itself is a rare condition; to our knowledge, it has been associated with aplasia of the quadriceps mechanism only 3 times in the literature. We describe a 5-year-old boy who had bilateral fixed flexion deformity of the knee as well as bilateral hypoplasia of the patella and quadriceps mechanism; he never had been able to stand upright and walk. We present the clinical and radiographic features, the surgical details, and the successful outcome after treatment.

Conclusion:

Corrective femoral osteotomies with soft-tissue reconstruction to provide active knee extension provided a satisfactory outcome. At the last follow-up, the child was walking without support and had good active knee extension.
Failure of a Unidirectional Barbed-Suture Device at the Arthrotomy Repair Site Following Total and Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Berliner Zachary P. , Bhagat Priyal V. , Zawodzinski Rachel E. , Turner Alyson L. , Hepinstall Matthew S. , Rodriguez José A.
Published: October 2018

Case:

We report the failure of a routine arthrotomy repair following knee arthroplasty. Five additional cases of arthrotomy failure occurred within a 14-month period during which a specific unidirectional knotless barbed suture device had been used for arthrotomy closure.

Conclusion:

Additional study on larger cohorts may be useful to understand the effectiveness of barbed suture for arthrotomy closure in knee arthroplasty.
Osteosarcoma in an Adolescent with Kniest Dysplasia
Authors: Tetreault Allison , Ramalingam Wendy , Black Jennifer , Miller Nancy H. , Donaldson Nathan
Published: October 2018

Case:

A 19-year-old adolescent with Kniest dysplasia was incidentally found to have osteosarcoma of the proximal aspect of the humerus after having a chest radiograph for evaluation of an upper respiratory infection. He underwent chemotherapy and resection of the tumor, and there was no evidence of metastasis at the 16-month follow-up.

Conclusion:

Patients with osteochondrodysplasias often have multiple orthopaedic symptoms. Changes in chronic pain symptoms should be investigated to rule out insidious secondary causes of musculoskeletal pain, such as osteosarcoma.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with a Locking Plate Via Deltopectoral Approach for the Treatment of Three and Four-Part and Proximal Humeral Fractures
Authors: Thompson Jonathan Heath , Attum Basem , Rodriguez-Buitrago Andres , Yusi Kurt , Cereijo Cesar , Obremskey William T.
Published: October 2018

Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via the deltopectoral approach is the gold standard for operatively treated proximal humeral fractures when joint preservation is desired. Indications include an unacceptable deformity, need for stability and early mobilization, and osteoporotic bone. (1) A 12 to 14-cm incision is made in the deltopectoral groove. The fracture is reduced. (2) Pins and tension sutures are placed for provisional fixation. (3) The locking plate is placed with unicortical screws in the metaphysis of the proximal part of the humerus and bicortical screws in the shaft. (4) The rotator cuff tendon is sutured into the open suture holes of the plate. (5) The surgical wound is then closed in a layered fashion. Hertel et al. reported that calcar length <8 mm, disruption of the medial hinge, and complex fracture patterns are more predictive of future osteonecrosis. In a series of 34 patients managed with ORIF, Neviaser et al. showed that the length of the posteromedial hinge was not predictive of osteonecrosis. Additionally, with use of tetracycline labeling, Crosby et al. demonstrated that perfusion to the humeral head is maintained in more complex 3 and 4-part fractures following anatomic reduction. Although they are useful for surgical planning, the criteria proposed by Hertel et al. cannot accurately predict osteonecrosis. The most important predictor of ischemia is the length of the dorsomedial metaphyseal extension and the integrity of the medial hinge. Including medial support in the fixation greatly decreases the incidence of screw cutout and migration into the articular surface and increases functional outcomes. Proper and complete reduction is of the utmost importance because varus malreduction contributes to the loss of fixation and to technical complications, such as improper plate positioning, improper screw length, and screw cutout, that influence outcomes.
MIPYMES DISTRIBUIDORAS TURÍSTICAS: RECOMENDACIONES SEO A PARTIR DEL ANÁLISIS DE PALABRAS CLAVES
Authors: GARCÍA GONZÁLEZ FRANCISCO EMANUEL , VÁZQUEZ LOAIZA JUAN PABLO
Published: October 2018

En las prácticas del comercio electrónico, las acciones desempeñadas a través del reconocimiento de palabras claves contribuyen una ventaja competitiva para las empresas, dado que la costumbre del turista por buscar información y gestionar sus viajes, provoca para las marcas, la necesidad de mostrarse y visibilizarse a través de las plataformas web. En dicho sentido, con el propósito de reconocer la realidad en cuanto a la explotación de las palabras claves en los portales web de empresas distribuidoras turísticas cuencanas, la investigación aplicó procedimientos de exploración y análisis cuantitativos y cualitativos desarrollados tanto en SPSS como en Nvivo. Estudios que permitieron descubrir que la gestión de palabras claves en las agencias de viaje, parecería aún no ser una prioridad, o que termina por ser ineficiente. Hallazgo que ha contribuido a deducir que la recomendación básica, con la cual se pueda aportar al contexto social, es la influencia sobre la importancia del uso de palabras claves y su impacto, tanto en la promoción de destinos turísticos, como en la generación de valor orientada a la personalización o individualización de productos.
EL TURISMO Y EL DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE DE LAS CIUDADES. EL CASO DE OAXACA, MÉXICO, 2000-2015
Authors: MONCADA GARCÍA MARÍA DEL ROSARIO , MIGUEL-VELASCO ANDRÉS ENRIQUE , GUADARRAMA TAVIRA ENRIQUE , MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA KARINA AIDEE , PÉREZ PÉREZ MARIBEL
Published: October 2018

Partiendo del concepto de turismo como una actividad económica dinámica, capaz de mantener un ritmo de crecimiento favorable, se analiza su influencia en el desarrollo sustentable de las principales ciudades de Oaxaca con una población mayor o cercana a 15 mil habitantes, durante 2000-2015. Se aplica la metodología estadística de la regresión lineal, con el supuesto que el crecimiento del turismo aumenta los niveles de desarrollo sustentable del territorio. El análisis realizado muestra que la relación turismo-desarrollo posee fortalezas y debilidades en las ciudades analizadas. La mayor fortaleza es de carácter sectorial, sobresaliendo el fomento turístico, la capacitación de los recursos humanos y el cuidado ambiental. Territorialmente el turismo manifiesta debilidades para impulsar el mejoramiento del desarrollo sustentable, aunque ya sobresalen las pequeñas ciudades de Oaxaca, lo que debe valorarse debido a que la mayoría de ellas son el lugar central de microrregiones con gran biodiversidad y bioculturalidad. Se recomienda una revisión de las políticas públicas turísticas para hacer más efectivo su impacto territorial.
Exploring Active and Passive Contributors to Turnout in Dancers and Non-Dancers
Authors: Sutton-Traina Kristen , Smith Jo A , Jarvis Danielle N , Lee Szu-Ping , Kulig Kornelia
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE: Lower-extremity external rotation, or turnout, is a fundamental skill in dance. Active standing turnout has previously been measured using low-friction turnout disks. Turnout is influenced by passive range of motion (ROM) and strength, with passive ROM a function of bony
morphology and ligamentous/capsular restraints. PURPOSE: Our study explored the relationship between standing active turnout and femoral bony morphology, hip passive ROM, and strength among dancers and non-dancers. METHODS: Cross-sectional cohort study. Twenty-three female dancers and 13 female
non-dancers aged 18 to 30 yrs were recruited. Standing active turnout on reduced-friction disks, ultrasound images of femoral version, supine passive turnout, and hip abductor and external rotator strength were collected. RESULTS: Dancers demonstrated greater standing turnout (107º±18º)
than non-dancers (92º±28º), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.054). A significant difference was found for femoral version (p<0.001), 4.7º (±2.8º) for dancers vs 12.1º (±4.6º) for non-dancers. Dancers demonstrated
greater supine turnout, 102.7º±18.8º, compared to non-dancers, 84.3º±30.4º (p=0.031). Dancers were able to achieve greater peak force in turnout compared to non-dancers: 2.44±0.44 N/kg and 1.72±0.59 N/kg, respectively (p<0.0001). Supine total
turnout was the best predictor of active turnout, contributing 48% of the variance (r=0.696, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest supine turnout is the largest predictor for standing turnout. Investigating dancers and non-dancers independently, our finding were similar to previous
studies suggesting the femoro-acetabular complex may be influenced by dance training, contributing to differences in bony morphology between dancers and non-dancers. Although strength did not significantly contribute to active standing turnout, dancers demonstrated greater peak force compared
to non-dancers.