bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Approaches for Detecting Coronary Artery Disease Using Angiography Imaging: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rangraz Jeddi Fatemeh , Rajabi Moghaddam Hasan , Sharif Reihane , Heydarian Saeedeh , Holl Felix , Hieber Daniel , Ghaderkhany Shady
Published: June 2023

This scoping review aims to identify and summarize the current literature on Machine learning (ML) approaches for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) using angiography imaging. We comprehensively searched several databases and identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria. They employed different types of angiography imaging including computed tomography and invasive coronary angiography. Several studies have used deep learning algorithms for image classification and segmentation, and our findings show that various machine learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks, different types of U-Net, and hybrid approaches. Studies also varied in the outcomes measured, identifying stenosis, and assessing the severity of CAD. ML approaches can improve the accuracy and efficiency of CAD detection by using angiography. The performance of the algorithms differed depending on the dataset used, algorithm employed, and features selected for analysis. Therefore, there is a need to develop ML tools that can be easily integrated into clinical practice to aid in the diagnosis and management of CAD.
An Artificial Intelligence-Based Diagnostic System for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Detection
Authors: El Alaoui Yousra , Padmanabhan Regina , Elomri Adel , Qaraqe Marwa K. , El Omri Halima , Yasin Taha Ruba
Published: June 2023

This study suggests a novel Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) diagnostic model, built solely on complete blood count (CBC) records. Using a dataset comprised of CBC records of 86 ALL and 86 control patients respectively, we identified the most ALL-specific parameters using a feature selection approach. Next, Grid Search-based hyperparameter tuning with a five-fold cross-validation scheme was adopted to build classifiers using Random Forest, XGBoost, and Decision Tree algorithms. A comparison between the performances of the three models demonstrates that Decision Tree classifier outperformed XGBoost and Random Forest algorithms in ALL detection using CBC-based records.
Evaluation of the Availability of Nursing Quality Indicators in German FHIR Implementations
Authors: Netzband Steffen , Ott Katharina , Auer Florian , Kramer Frank
Published: June 2023

Standardized nursing data sets facilitate data analysis and help to improve nursing research and quality management in Germany. Recently, governmental standardization approaches have favored the FHIR standard and helped to define it as the state of the art for healthcare interoperability and data exchange. In this study, we identify common data elements used for nursing quality research purposes by analyzing nursing quality data sets and databases. We then compare the results with current FHIR implementations in Germany to find most relevant data fields and overlaps. Our results show that most of the patient focused information has already been modelled in national standardization efforts and FHIR implementations. However, representation of data fields describing nursing staff related information, such as experience, workload or satisfaction, is missing or lacking.
Achieving Interoperable Datasets in Pediatrics: A Data Integration Approach
Authors: Bode Louisa , Mast Marcel , Rathert Henning , Elise Study Group  , Jack Thomas , Wulff Antje
Published: June 2023

Despite their increased secondary value for developing applications and knowledge gain, routine, harmonized and standardized datasets are often not available in Pediatrics. We propose a data integration pipeline towards an interoperable routine dataset in pediatric intensive care medicine. Our three-level approach involves identifying relevant data from primary source systems, developing local data integration processes, and converting data into a standardized, interoperable format using openEHR. We modeled 15 openEHR templates and established 31 interoperable ETL processes, resulting in anonymized, standardized data of about 4,200 pediatric patients that were loaded into a harmonized database. Based on our pipeline and templates, we successfully integrated the first part of this data in our openEHR data repository. We seek to inspire other pediatric intensive care units to adopt similar approaches, with the aim of breaking down heterogenous data silos and promoting secondary use of routine data.
Wearable Device Health Data Mapping to Open mHealth and FHIR Data Formats
Authors: Falkenhein Iris , Bernhardt Bianca , Gradwohl Sonja , Brandl Michael , Hussein Rada , Hanke Sten
Published: June 2023

Health data collected by wearables and apps can be useful as part of patient-generated health data (PGHD) or personal health data for medical diagnosis or general health monitoring. Mobile health apps are more and more accepted, generate evidence and might be increasingly used in personal medicine. Data retrieved from wearables and apps are mostly not following a medical data standard and cannot be retrieved from the vendors in a straightforward way. The present work started the implementation of a Digital Health Convener and described the process to collect data from several wearables – starting with Fitbit data – and transforms this data to standardized JSON files following the Open mHealth (OmH) IEEE and the HL7 FHIR standard. The project achieved is provided as open source and can be extended and used in future projects to generate OmH and FHIR conform PGHD.
Assimilation Results Comparison of Educational Material by Senior Students of a Medical University in Distance and Face-to-Face Form Education
Authors: Vasilyeva Irina V. , Zarubina Tatyana V. , Potapova Irina I.
Published: June 2023

Despite the fact that many researchers and teachers reported that distance education can be equated with traditional face-to-face form education, the question of analyzing the quality of knowledge gained in distance education is open. This study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Medical Cybernetics and Informatics named after S.A. Gasparyan of Russian National Research Medical University. N.I. Pirogov for the period from September 1, 2021 to March 14, 2023 and included results of answers of two variance of test on the same topic. The responses of students who missed the lectures were not included in the processing. For 556 students with distance education, the lesson was held remotely using https://meet.google.com and for 846 students the lesson was performed in face-to-face form education. Students’ answers to test tasks were collected using the Google form https://docs.google.com/forms/…The data base statistical assessment and statistical description were made in Microsoft Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics programs version 23. In this study, it was shown that the results of the learned material assessment for distance education and traditional face-to-face form education are statistically significantly different (p<0.001). The topic studied in face-to-face format was assimilated by 0.85 points better (the difference was five percent of the correct answers received).
An Overview of Metabolomics Studies Based on Qatari Population
Authors: Lamya Fatima , Khalisa Afeefa , Naji Fatima , Salih Rawan , Househ Mowafa , Shah Zubair , Alam Tanvir
Published: June 2023

The aim of metabolomics research is to identify the metabolites that play a role in various biological traits and diseases. This scoping review provides an overview of the current state of metabolomics studies that focus on the Qatari population. Our findings indicate that few studies have been conducted on this population, with a focus on diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Blood samples were the primary source of metabolite identification, and several potential biomarkers for these diseases were proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first scoping review that presents an overview of metabolomics studies in Qatar.
Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Future Depression Levels
Authors: Aziz Sarah , Alsaad Rawan , Abd-Alrazaq Alaa , Ahmed Arfan , Sheikh Javaid
Published: June 2023

Depression is a prevalent mental condition that is challenging to diagnose using conventional techniques. Using machine learning and deep learning models with motor activity data, wearable AI technology has shown promise in reliably and effectively identifying or predicting depression. In this work, we aim to examine the performance of simple linear and non-linear models in the prediction of depression levels. We compared eight linear and non-linear models (Ridge, ElasticNet, Lasso, Random Forest, Gradient boosting, Decision trees, Support vector machines, and Multilayer perceptron) for the task of predicting depression scores over a period using physiological features, motor activity data, and MADRAS scores. For the experimental evaluation, we used the Depresjon dataset which contains the motor activity data of depressed and non-depressed participants. According to our findings, simple linear and non-linear models may effectively estimate depression scores for depressed people without the need for complex models. This opens the door for the development of more effective and impartial techniques for identifying depression and treating/preventing it using commonly used, widely accessible wearable technology.
Analysis of Non-Contact Multichannel Recording of Cardiac Vibration: Visual Seismocardiogram
Authors: Sadhukhan Deboleena , Dorme Christian , Fink Mathias , Ing Ros Kiri
Published: June 2023

Seismocardiography (SCG) is the recent research focus for cardiac monitoring and diagnosis. Contact based single channel accelerometer recordings suffer from limitations due to sensor placements and propagation delay. This work uses the airborne ultrasound device named Surface Motion Camera (SMC) for non-contact multichannel recording of the chest surface vibrations and proposes visualization techniques (vSCG) to enable simultaneous evaluation of both time and spatial variations of the vibrations. Recordings are performed on 10 healthy volunteers. The time propagation of vertical scans and 2D vibration contour maps at specific cardiac events are shown. These allow for a reproducible way for in-depth analysis of cardio mechanical activities, as compared to single channel SCG.
A Conversational Web-Based Chatbot to Disseminate COVID-19 Advisory Information
Authors: Moutsana Tapolin Fratzeska , Liaskos Joseph , Zoulias Emmanouil , Mantas John
Published: June 2023

Chatbots are computer programs which integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies to simulate human conversation. The use of chatbots has significantly been increased during the COVID-19 pandemic to support healthcare procedures and systems. The purpose of this study is to present the design, implementation, and initial evaluation of a web-based conversational chatbot aiming at the immediate and reliable information regarding the COVID-19 disease. The implementation of the chatbot was built on IBM’s Watson Assistant. The chatbot “Iris” that was created is highly developed with the ability to support dialogue, since it has a satisfactory understanding of the relevant subject matter. The system was pilot evaluated using the University of Ulster’s Chatbot Usability Questionnaire (CUQ). The results confirmed its usability and that Chatbot “Iris” is a pleasant experience for users. Finally, the related study’s limitations and future steps are discussed.
Integration of Laboratory Data into a National Electronic Health Record (EHR)
Authors: Manukyan Emin , Levine Barry , Manukyan Avet , Lulejian Armine
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses the development and implementation of an API to integrate external laboratory information systems with a national e-health operator using LOINC codes as a standard measurement vocabulary. The integration provides many benefits, including reduced risk of medical errors, unnecessary tests, and administrative burden on healthcare providers. Security measures were implemented to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive patient information. The “Armed eHealth” mobile application was developed to allow patients to access their lab test results directly on their mobile devices. The implementation of the universal coding system has improved communication, reduced duplications, and improved the quality of care for patients in Armenia. Overall, the integration of the universal coding system for lab tests has had a positive impact on the healthcare system in Armenia.
An Automated System to Distribute Students to Clerkships
Authors: Meyer Kevin , Von Jan Ute , Kitte Isabel , Zuther Katja , Behrends Marianne
Published: June 2023

Participating in clerkships with general practitioners (GPs) is integral to studying medicine. The students gain deep and valuable insights into the everyday working practice of GPs. The central challenge is organizing these clerkships to distribute the students to the participating doctors’ offices. This process becomes even more complex and time-consuming if students can state their preferences. To support faculty staff and involve students in the process, we developed an application to support the distribution process via an automated system and applied it to allocate over 700 students over the course of 2.5 years.
Using Electronic Medical Records and Clinical Notes to Predict the Outcome of Opioid Treatment Program
Authors: Cui Wanting , Shah-Mohammadi Fatemeh , Finkelstein Joseph
Published: June 2023

Opioid addiction is a serious public health problem in the US, and this study aimed to explore how natural language processing (NLP) can be used to identify factors that contribute to distress in individuals with opioid addiction, and then use this information along with structured data to predict the outcome of opioid treatment programs (OTP). The study analyzed medical records data and clinical notes of 1,364 patients, out of which 136 succeeded in the program and 1,228 failed. The results showed that several factors influenced the success of patients in the program, including sex, race, education, employment, secondary substance, tobacco use, and type of residences. XGBoost with down sampling was the best model. The accuracy of the model was 0.71 and the AUC score was 0.64. The study highlights the importance of using both structured and unstructured data to evaluate the effectiveness of OTP.
User Needs of Young Czech Adults with Multiple Sclerosis in a Lifestyle App Design
Authors: Hucíková Anežka , Babic Ankica
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a study that examined desired functionality, content, and design of a mobile application for young Czech adults living with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The study was structured around a high-fidelity prototype developed for the corresponding user group in Norway. Both groups were active on social media and willing to contribute to designing an application promoting a healthy lifestyle and well-being. Adopting the content analysis, the study first compared the social content shared within the Facebook communities in the Norwegian and Czech user groups that were active. Regardless of the similarities, the Czech group expected that solutions regarding main functionalities and content should stand out from other competitive applications offered on the market. Most of all, they would like to see healthcare staff being engaged in content creation by providing credible information, especially regarding new treatments and clinical trials. Enhanced interaction between all the stakeholders (patients, and healthcare providers) would add value and relevance to the content already provided by social media.
Montenegrin Digital Academic Innovation Hub: Supporting Digital Education, Business and Innovations in Medical Informatics
Authors: Ognjanović Ivana , Šendelj Ramo , Laković Luka , Mantas John , Zoulias Emmanouil , Bokor Laszlo , Kara Peter A. , Reich Christoph , Orović Irena , Roganović Milovan , Radusinović Tanja , Rakoćević Nada , Žugić Nataša
Published: June 2023

This poster presents a Montenegrin Digital Academic Innovation Hub aimed to support education, innovations, and academia-business cooperation in medical informatics (as one of four priority areas) at national level in Montenegro. The Hub topology and its organisation in the form of two main nodes, with services established within key pillars: Digital Education; Digital Business Support; Innovations and cooperation with industry; and Employment support.
Scoping Review: Legal and Ethical Principles of Artificial Intelligence in Public Health
Authors: Al-Hwsali Anwar , Alsaadi Balqes , Abdi Nima , Khatab Shaza , Alzubaidi Mahmood , Solaiman Barry , Househ Mowafa
Published: June 2023

The growing accessibility of large health datasets and AI’s ability to analyze them offers significant potential to transform public health and epidemiology. AI-driven interventions in preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic healthcare are becoming more prevalent, but they raise ethical concerns, particularly regarding patient safety and privacy. This study presents a thorough analysis of ethical and legal principles found in the literature on AI applications in public health. A comprehensive search yielded 22 publications for review, revealing ethical principles such as equity, bias, privacy, security, safety, transparency, confidentiality, accountability, social justice, and autonomy. Additionally, five key ethical challenges were identified. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing these ethical and legal concerns and encourages further research to establish comprehensive guidelines for responsible AI implementation in public health.
The effect of a new design of patient gowns for prone position patients after vitrectomy: A non-randomized, concurrent, controlled study
Authors: Chen Huilian , Dong Peifang , Zhong Peng
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The existing patient clothing is not suitable for patients that have to maintain a prone position for a long time after vitrectomy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of a new design of patient gowns for prone position patients after vitrectomy. METHOD: This study designed a kind of patient’s gown for prone position patients. A non-randomized, concurrent, controlled study was conducted on 212 patients who met the inclusion criteria for the prone position after vitrectomy in Grade III at a Class A hospital department of ophthalmology in Zhejiang Province from April to August 2020. The experimental group (106 patients in prone position) and the control group (106 patients in common position) were managed by the same group of nurses. The study recorded and compared the comfort degree of patients’ clothing used in the course of operation rehabilitation between the two groups and the satisfaction degree of doctors with nurses to patients’ clothing used in the prone position. RESULTS: The satisfaction degree and comfort degree of patients and the health care providers in the experiment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p< 0.001). CONCLUSION: The process of making patient gowns for prone position patients is simple, which can improve the safety and comfort of patients when they were in the prone position. The new design also facilitated the treatment and nursing procedures of the medical staff and improved satisfaction among patients and medical staff.
Adhesion measurement of living cells based on electrical impedance
Authors: Han Xueyan , Dong Litong , Zhang Wenxiao , Liang Chun , Wang Zuobin
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Cells adherence provides specific information about physiology and pathology, the adhesion measurement between living cells and nanostructures can be measured by atomic force microscopy, but this detection technique is difficult to operate and costly. The adhesion height and effective contact area between cells and substrates are also the key factors affecting measurement value of the overall impedance. These factors change with structural parameters of the substrates, so the adhesion measurement between living cells and substrate can be indirectly reflected by the impedance value. OBJECTIVE: To establish a mapping relationship between the impedance measurement and the adhesion measurement of living cells. The possibility of dynamic measurement of adhesion is realized by this method, and the experimental process is simplified. METHODS: Laser interference technology was used to prepare nanoarray structures with different periods on the surface of silicon wafers for cells culture. Under the same experimental conditions, the impedance of living cells on the substrates of different cycle sizes were measured. The adhesion between cells and different substrates were analyzed by measuring impedance after the interaction between cells and substrate. RESULTS: The adhesion of living cells on the substrates of different sizes be analyzed, and the mapping relationship between the impedance and the adhesion measurement was established. The results showed that, the larger the impedance value between cells and substrate, the larger the effective contact area and the smaller the gap between them. CONCLUSION: The difference of adhesion height and effective adhesion area between living cells and substrates were obtained. This paper, a new method to measure the adhesion properties of living cells is presented, which provides theoretical basis for the related research.
Exploration of quality criteria for the detection of peak inspiratory flow under different resistance conditions
Authors: Peng Yongyi , Wu Zhongping , Lin Kuiqing , Huang Ruibo , Huang Jinhai , Lin Junfeng , Chen Shubing , Zheng Jinping , Gao Yi
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: At present, robust quality criteria and methods for the assessment of Peak inspiratory flow meter performance are lacking. OBJECTIVE: A standard flow-volume simulator for quality control analyses of an inhalation assessment device was utilized with different simulated resistance levels in order to propose a quality testing method and associated standard for this device type. METHODS: A standard flow-volume simulator was utilized to assess the performance of an In-Check DIAL® (Device I) and an intelligent inhalation assessment device (Device P) at a fixed volume and flow rate. Indices used to evaluate these two instruments included repeatability, accuracy, linearity, and impedance. RESULTS: Both devices exhibited good repeatability (<± 3 L/min). The difference between test results and standard simulator values for Device P was less than ± 5 L/min at resistance level R1 but higher than ± 5 L/min at resistance levels R2–5, while Device I were greater than 5 L/min at all resistance levels. The relative error for Device P was <± 10% at resistance levels R1, R2, and R4, but > 10% at resistance levels R3 and R5. The relative error values for Device I at all five resistance levels were > 10%. Device P passed the linearity test at the R2 resistance level, while Device I partially passed the linearity test at all five resistance levels. CONCLUSION: Standard monitoring methods and standards provide a valuable approach to the more reliable clinical assessment and application of these instruments.
Findings of ventilator-measured P0.1 in assessing respiratory drive in patients with severe ARDS
Authors: Wang Wei-Zhong , Ying Li-Jun , Liu Wei-Dong , Zhang Pan , Li Shun-Fa
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Providers should adjust the depth of sedation to promote lung-protective ventilation in patients with severe ARDS. This recommendation was based on the assumption that the depth of sedation could be used to assess respiratory drive. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between respiratory drive and sedation in patients with severe ARDS by using ventilator-measured P0.1 and RASS score. METHODS: Loss of spontaneous breathing was observed within 48 h of mechanical ventilation in patients with severe ARDS, and spontaneous breathing returned after 48 hours. P0.1 was measured by ventilator every 12 ± 2 hours, and the RASS score was measured synchronously. RESULTS: The RASS score was moderately correlated with P0.1 (R𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛, 0.570; 95% CI, 0.475 to 0.637; p= 0.00). However, only patients with a RASS score of -5 were considered to have no excessive respiratory drive, but there was a risk for loss of spontaneous breathing. A P0.1 exceeding 3.5 cm H2O in patients with other RASS scores indicated an increase in respiratory drive. CONCLUSION: RASS score has little clinical significance in evaluating respiratory drive in severe ARDS. P0.1 should be evaluated by ventilator when adjusting the depth of sedation to promote lung-protective ventilation.
A knowledge-based decision support system for inferring supportive treatment recommendations for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ertuğrul Duygu Çelik , Akcan Neşe , Bitirim Yiltan , Koru Begum , Sevince Mahmut
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a significant risk, mostly causing blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke, and lower limb amputation. A Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) can assist healthcare practitioners in their daily effort and can improve the quality of healthcare provided to DM patients and save time. OBJECTIVE: In this study, a CDSS that can predict DM risk at an early stage has been developed for use by health professionals, general practitioners, hospital clinicians, health educators, and other primary care clinicians. The CDSS infers a set of personalized and suitable supportive treatment suggestions for patients. METHODS: Demographic data (e.g., age, gender, habits), body measurements (e.g., weight, height, waist circumference), comorbid conditions (e.g., autoimmune disease, heart failure), and laboratory data (e.g., IFG, IGT, OGTT, HbA1c) were collected from patients during clinical examinations and used to deduce a DM risk score and a set of personalized and suitable suggestions for the patients with the ontology reasoning ability of the tool. In this study, OWL ontology language, SWRL rule language, Java programming, Protégé ontology editor, SWRL API and OWL API tools, which are well known Semantic Web and ontology engineering tools, are used to develop the ontology reasoning module that provides to deduce a set of appropriate suggestions for a patient evaluated. RESULTS: After our first-round of tests, the consistency of the tool was obtained as 96.5%. At the end of our second-round of tests, the performance was obtained as 100.0% after some necessary rule changes and ontology revisions were done. While the developed semantic medical rules can predict only Type 1 and Type 2 DM in adults, the rules do not yet make DM risk assessments and deduce suggestions for pediatric patients. CONCLUSION: The results obtained are promising in demonstrating the applicability, effectiveness, and efficiency of the tool. It can ensure that necessary precautions are taken in advance by raising awareness of society against the DM risk.
Cognitive phenomena measurement with time window-based multispectral brain mapping
Authors: Petrović Nikola , Mandić Sanja , Borojević Svetlana , Gazivoda Nemanja , Sovilj Platon
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Cognitive neuroscience experiments require accurate and traceable methods of measuring cognitive phenomena, analyzing and processing data, and validating results, including measurement of impact of such phenomena on brain activity and consciousness. EEG measurement is the most widely used tool for evaluation of the experiment’s progress. To extract more information from the EEG signal, continuous innovation is necessary to provide a broader range of information. OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a new tool for measuring and mapping cognitive phenomena using time window-based multispectral brain mapping of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. METHODS: The tool was developed using Python programming language and enables users to create brain maps images for six spectra (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Mu) of EEG signal. The system can accept an arbitrary number of EEG channels with standardized labels based on the 10–20 system, and users can select the channels, frequency bandwidth, type of signal processing, and time window length to perform the mapping. RESULTS: The key advantage of this tool is its ability to perform short-time brain mapping, which allows for the exploration and measurement of cognitive phenomena. The tool’s performance was evaluated through testing on real EEG signals, and results demonstrated its effectiveness in accurately mapping cognitive phenomena. CONCLUSION: The developed tool can be used in various applications, including cognitive neuroscience research and clinical studies. Future work involves optimizing the tool’s performance and expanding its capabilities.
Issues concerning early diagnosis and timely correction of respiratory disorders in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (literature review)
Authors:   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Ermilov E.A. , Isaeva N.V. ,   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation,   Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare severe progressive neurodegenerative disease with upper and lower motor neuron lesions, manifested by weakness of somatic muscle tissue with disorder of vital functions and leading to early disability and fatal outcome of patients. Regardless of the disease form, patients with ALS experience breathing and swallowing disorders. Hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF) most commonly develop in patients as a consequence of respiratory muscle weakness. Instrumental diagnostic methods are currently used along with the assessment of the HRF clinical picture in ALS. Pulse oximetry and spirometry are the basic means of assessing the respiratory system function. Cardio-respiratory monitoring and arterial blood gas test play an auxiliary role in the diagnosis. To correct respiratory disorders, respiratory support is used with the help of artificial ventilation devices connected through various masks (non-invasive) or through a tracheostomy (invasive). In recent years, it has been proven that early diagnosis and correction of respiratory disorders contribute to prolonging the life of patients with ALS and improving its quality. The review presents the main development mechanisms of respiratory disorders in ALS, clinical and instrumental methods of their diagnosis, methods of correction, as well as criteria for the start of respiratory support. KEYWORDS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, respiratory disorders, lung ventilation, pulmonary support, neurodegeneration, NIV, ALV. FOR CITATION: Ermilov E.A., Isaeva N.V. Issues concerning early diagnosis and timely correction of respiratory disorders in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (literature review). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8):488–492 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-4.
Artistic and aesthetic concepts of the formation of sound images
Authors: Volkomor Vitaliy
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to reveal the specifics of the formation of a sound image in accordance with the artistic and aesthetic concepts of the art of sound recording of the middle of the 20th century, developed by the founder of concrete music P. Schaeffer. Research methodology. Systemic and typological methods were applied (to study the specifics of the sound image and identify its role and significance for the art of sound recording); the method of historicism, which helped to outline the general trends of this issue in the middle of the 20th century; the comparative method (for identifying the peculiarities of sound perception by P. Schaeffer, deepening the understanding of his artistic and aesthetic concepts of the sound image and the specifics of the methods and techniques of sound processing developed by him). Scientific novelty. The specificity of the means of artistic and aesthetic expressiveness of the art of sound recording in the process of forming a sound image is investigated; on the basis of the analysis of the "Treatise on Musical Objects" ("Trait'e des object musicaux"), the artistic and aesthetic concepts of sound, formed by the French composer, the founder of concrete music, Pierre Scheffer, are identified and characterized, and the forms of their creative implementation are analyzed; it is proved that the specificity of the formation of P. Schaeffer's artistic and aesthetic concepts is due to the peculiarities of general cultural processes of the middle of the 20th century. and shows an organic unity with the then theoretical and practical style, artistic, semantic, and aesthetic norms. Conclusions. Artistic and aesthetic concepts of the formation of the sound image of P. Schaeffer played a key role in the history of musical art and the art of recording, in particular, the concept of specific music formed the direction of development of various genres of studio music (experimental electroacoustic music, radio art and "sound poetry"), and the techniques and methods he proposed are widely used in modern sound recording to improve the sound. According to P. Schaeffer's concept, everyday sounds that are not considered musical can be aesthetic, and their artistic and aesthetic expressiveness is realized by means of thoughtful listening. The specificity of the artistic and aesthetic concepts of P. Schaeffer in the context of the formation of a sound image is due to specific technologies that contribute to the full formation of the acoustic space (both real and virtual), the expansion and enrichment of the sound texture by means of regulating temporal, spatial and frequency parameters.
Optimization of nitrogen fertilizer of the dark-gray soldized soil of the western forest steppe for using nitrification inhibitor
Authors: Hnativ P. S. , Ivanuk V. Ya. , Polukhovych M. M. , Shestak V. H. , Olifir Yu. M. , Kotsuba B. I. , Baranskyy D. V.
Published: June 2023

Nitrogen is a key element for the growth and yield of all crops. Increased doses of nitrogen do not give the expected return, create a danger of leaching of nitrates, activate the emission of nitrous oxide. These problems make it necessary to solve the urgent issue of optimizing nitrogen nutrition using the nitrogen stabilizer nitrapyrin. The purpose of our research under conditions of sufficient moisture in the Western Forest Steppe was to find out the effect of the urease inhibitor on the agrochemical parameters of the dark gray forest podzolized light loam soil, as well as the effect on the yield of winter barley. We conducted field experiments at the Lviv National University of Nature Management. We used traditional methods of field research and standardized methods of laboratory analysis. A positive effect of the use of the nitrogen stabilizer nitrapyrin on the funds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium available for nutrition, as well as on the reduction of soil acidity, was established. The highest content of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen was achieved when applying N23P60K60 in autumn + N97 in the phase of vegetation recovery with nitrapyrin – 132 mg/kg of soil. This was 28 mg/kg more than the traditional fertilization system without nitrapyrin (N60P60K60). Application of 120 kg/ha of nitrogen in the form of urea created a reserve 3.3 times higher, and ammonium nitrate created a reserve 3.6 times higher than the unfertilized version. Nitrapyrin, a stabilizer of nitrates, made it possible to limit their formation with the introduction of urea by 3 5%, ammonium nitrate by 10 %. The nitrogen application rate of N120 kg/ha per year led to the annual emission of nitrous oxide in the amount of 121.5 kg/ha. Nitrapyrin limited the amount of nitrous oxide emission by 3.3–7.2 kg/ha, depending on the amount of nitrogen application rate. The use of ammonium nitrate at the rate of N120 when applied in the spring caused the highest level of nitrogen oxide emissions (29.5 kg/ha of soil). However, the application of this fertilizer and inhibitor reduced gaseous nitrogen losses to 25.9 kg/ha when applied to restore vegetation. The introduction of N97 (ammonium nitrate) + N-Lok Max under winter barley during the restoration of vegetation on the background of N23P60K60 under plowing gave the highest average yield in the experiment for 2020–2022 – 7.65 t/ha, for 2022 – 7.90 t/ha. The 3D regression model of winter barley grain yield under the influence of the synergistic effect of both forms of nitrogen illustrates the importance of balancing the funds of forms of this nutrient element in the soil.
The effect of military activities on the epizootic situation of ASF in the Sumy region
Authors: Dudnyk Ye. O. , Fotina T. I.
Published: June 2023

Using publicly available information from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection on the cases of African swine fever in Ukraine, the epidemiological situation regarding ASF in the Sumy region was analyzed, taking into account the consequences of military activities. When considering the ways of spreading the virus, the impact of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation on the main risk factors for the spread of the disease was revealed. In our opinion, wild boars, the number of which has increased by 19.3 % in the region over the past year and which is not regulated by hunters due to the hunting ban, remain a particularly dangerous way of spreading the virus. Hostilities, shelling and the movement of military equipment through the ASF-affected regions directly affect the migration processes of disturbed wildlife, which can quickly spread the virus over long distances, spread it within the population and transmit it to the domestic livestock. An important anthropogenic factor in the spread of the disease is the chaotic contamination of military base areas with unprocessed food residues that may contain a viable virus and, together with other fomites, contaminate the environment. Therefore, state anti-epizootic measures and methods of monitoring infectious diseases should be updated to reflect the realities of today. To control the circulation of the ASF virus among wildlife in the Sumy region under the conditions of a ban on monitoring culling, 25 samples of swabs, feed residues and feces from the feeding grounds of three forestries were studied using Real-Time PCR. In 100 % of the samples, no African swine fever virus DNA was detected, which means a negative result. However, the probable absence of the disease within the studied forestries did not prevent the region from having three outbreaks of ASF among domestic animals during 2022, which is a significant deterioration in the epizootic situation compared to the positive case-free year of 2021. Thus, the epidemiological situation regarding African swine fever in the Sumy region remains unfavorable and requires significant attention due to a number of factors that are dangerous and atypical for peacetime and may significantly affect the spread of numerous infectious diseases.
Relationship between kidney ultrasound data and blood creatinine and urea levels in cats with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Kibkalo D. , Tymoshenko O. , Siehodin O. , Tsymerman O. , Matsenko O.
Published: June 2023

The results of studying the influence of structural changes in the kidneys on their filtration in cats with polycystic kidney disease are given. The study was conducted on 10 domestic cats, which were divided into two experimental groups based on the results of creatinine determination according to the IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) classification – 5 animals with moderate renal azotemia (group 1) and 5 animals with severe renal azotemia (group 2). Ultrasound examination of the kidneys of cats in both groups was performed using a Mindray device with a microconvection transducer with a frequency of 7.5–10 MHz in B-mode. Both kidneys were examined in each animal. Scanning was performed in the sagittal plane so that the kidney gate was visible. The length, width of the kidney, and thickness of the cortical layer, as well as the number of cysts and their diameter, were counted. The renal area (RA), cyst area (CA), and the ratio of cyst area to renal area (RA/Cyst) were calculated. According to the results of the study of serum creatinine and urea content, the animals were divided into two groups depending on the level of azotemia. 5 cats with stage III chronic renal failure (CRF), serum creatinine levels were 326.40 ± 23.59 μmol/l, and 5 animals with stage IV chronic renal failure serum creatinine – 887.00 ± 61.81 µmol/l, which is 2.7 times higher (P ≤ 0.001) than the creatinine level in cats with stage III CKD. The urea content in the serum was significantly increased compared to the norm and amounted to 22.82 ± 2.09 mol/l in cats with stage III CKD and 42.45 ± 1.05 mol/l in cats with stage IV CKD, which was 2.2 times higher (P ≤ 0.01) compared to stage III. In animals with polycystic kidney disease and stage IV chronic renal failure according to the results of ultrasound examination an increase in the length of the kidney by 6.5 mm (p≤0.001) and a thickening of the cortical layer by 0.8 mm (P ≤ 0.01) was revealed, compared to animals with polycystic kidney disease and stage III chronic renal failure. There was no correlation between the area of cysts in the kidneys and the level of creatinine in the blood serum of animals. Ultrasound signs of chronic renal failure in cats of stage III are enlargement of the kidney in the length of more than 51 mm and cortical thickness of more than 5.5 mm, of stage IV is an increase in kidney length of more than 59 mm and cortical thickness of more than 6.0 mm. According to the results of ultrasonography, the number of cysts or their area cannot be used to assess the degree of renal functional failure.
La protección reforzada de los derechos humanos de las personas con discapacidad bajo el paradigma de la inclusión
Authors: Hernández Cruz Armando
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el paradigma actual de la defensa de los derechos humanos de las personas con discapacidad, para identificar algunos instrumentos jurídicos y su actuación en relación con la defensa de dichos derechos, tema que en la actualidad ha cobrado relevancia tanto a nivel global como en escenarios locales, por ser las personas con discapacidad parte de un grupo en situación de vulnerabilidad que a lo largo de la historia ha tenido que remover diversas barreras para el ejercicio de sus derechos humanos. Para ello, la investigación trasciende el paradigma médico y transita hacia el enfoque social en el análisis de la discapacidad, pero, sobre todo, busca abandonar el marco teórico conceptual de la igualdad para acercarse al de la inclusión, así como analizar su implementación en la realidad social. La metodología del presente trabajo se desarrolla bajo la modalidad de artículo de exposición, en la que se distinguen dos etapas: el primer capítulo consiste en un estudio documental sobre discapacidad y los diversos tratados, legislaciones y figuras jurídicas que protegen los derechos de las personas en esta situación; en el segundo se hace un análisis de estos puntos, con énfasis en conceptos como el de protección reforzada y el criterio pro personae para identificar si dichos instrumentos aseguran que la inclusión y la defensa de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad sean una realidad social. No se debe perder de vista que el acceso a la justicia es indispensable para el goce y disfrute de los derechos humanos, y que la existencia de obstáculos que impidan a las personas con discapacidad acceder a la justicia en condiciones adecuadas implicaría una restricción al ejercicio de su capacidad jurídica en plenitud. El Estado debe garantizar la inclusión de todas las personas y el acceso a la justicia social para la gobernanza democrática y la implementación de un Estado de derecho.
¿Cómo han incidido los ciclistas tlaxcaltecas en la producción de un espacio urbano que permita el ejercicio del derecho a la movilidad?: Tipos y grado de incidencia de la participación ciudadana de los ciclistas en Tlaxcala72
Authors: Alejo Ramsés
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la diversidad de actividades de los ciclistas urbanos en Tlaxcala en torno al espacio público y el derecho a la movilidad, específicamente la movilidad urbana sustentable, para categorizarlas y diferenciarlas entre acciones colectivas, de la sociedad civil o de movimientos sociales, así como para discutir su grado de incidencia en la producción de un espacio urbano que materialice el ejercicio de su derecho humano a la movilidad en los términos tutelados por la Constitución mexicana. Para lograr esto, en primera instancia se hace un recorrido histórico y contextual por el derecho a la movilidad, su actualización, la modalidad urbana sustentable en México y su relación con el derecho a la protesta. En un segundo momento, se desglosa el marco teórico para explicar y tipificar las actividades de los ciclistas. En un tercer apartado, se explica el contexto que da lugar a la participación de los ciclistas a cada una de las actividades que realizaron, en orden cronológico. Por último, se elabora una tabla para sintetizar y analizar las acciones a la luz de la teoría y se discute su grado de incidencia.
Utilization of Biogas Slurry from Cow Faces and Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches Soaking Water on Indigofera Zollingeriana Productivity
Authors: Rizky A. , Ginting N. , Sadeli A. , Hasanah U. , S.E. Sinulingga
Published: June 2023

Biogas slurry, a byproduct of biogas technology, can be used as a source of soil organic matter such as manure. This study aimed to examine the effect of giving biogas slurry gas with the input of cow faeces and empty fruit bunches soaking water on the growth (plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, stem diameter and leaf width) of Indigofera zollingeriana. This study was conducted in the village Tadukan Raga, STM Hilir District, Deli Serdang Regency, using Indigofera Zollingeriana for three months. The design was completely randomized (CRD) with three treatments and six replications. The treatment consisted of P0 = control; P1 = 50% biogas slurry (180ml/polybag of plants) P2 = 100% biogas slurry (360ml/polybag of plants). Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, branches, and stem diameter. The results showed that the administration of biogas slurry gas at a dose of 100% (360 ml/polybag plant) had a significant effect on the number of leaves, a significant effect on leaf width, had an effect which had a significant on the number of leaves, had an insignificant effect on the number of branches and had a significant effect on stem diameter. The best results were the administration of biogas slurry in the Indigofera Zollingeriana plant the administration of a 100% slurry dose (360 ml/polybag of plants) in all treatments, namely plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, number of branches, stem diameter. Based on this, it can be suggested that biogas slurry fertilizer can be used as liquid organic fertilizer to increase the productivity of Indigofera Zollingeriana plants
Organoleptic Quality of Beef Meatballs Using Chicken Giblets
Authors: Hafid Harapin , Owen Afriansyah  , Nur Santy Asminaya
Published: June 2023

Meat is a food of animal origin that has high nutritional value, because meat contains several nutrients including protein, fat, minerals and vitamins. This study aims to determine the physical and organoleptic quality of beef meatballs using giblets. The materials used in this study were beef, giblets, tapioca flour, garlic, salt, flavourings, and ice cubes. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications P0 (100%) beef without giblets, P1 (80%) beef + 20% liver, P2 (80%) beef + 20% gizzard, P3 ( 80) beef + 20% heart. The parameters measured in this study were pH, cooking loss, yield, shape, aroma, color, texture, taste, elasticity and general acceptance. The results of this study indicate that the addition of giblets to chicken meatballs. beef meatballs. However, it did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the organoleptic test of beef meatballs, especially on the variables of shape, aroma, texture, taste, and general acceptance