bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air Pollution Control Policies in China: A Retrospective and Prospects
Authors: Jin Yana , Andersson Henrik , Zhang Shiqiu
Published: December 2016

With China’s significant role on pollution emissions and related health damage, deep and up-to-date understanding of China’s air pollution policies is of worldwide relevance. Based on scientific evidence for the evolution of air pollution and the institutional background of environmental governance in China, we examine the development of air pollution control policies from the 1980s and onwards. We show that: (1) The early policies, until 2005, were ineffective at reducing emissions; (2) During 2006–2012, new instruments which interact with political incentives were introduced in the 11th Five-Year Plan, and the national goal of reducing total sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions by 10% was achieved. However, regional compound air pollution problems dominated by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ground level ozone (O3) emerged and worsened; (3) After the winter-long PM2.5 episode in eastern China in 2013, air pollution control policies have been experiencing significant changes on multiple fronts. In this work we analyze the different policy changes, the drivers of changes and key factors influencing the effectiveness of policies in these three stages. Lessons derived from the policy evolution have implications for future studies, as well as further reforming the management scheme towards air quality and health risk oriented directions.
Spatial Characteristics and Driving Factors of Provincial Wastewater Discharge in China
Authors: Chen Kunlun , Liu Xiaoqiong , Ding Lei , Huang Gengzhi , Li Zhigang
Published: December 2016

Based on the increasing pressure on the water environment, this study aims to clarify the overall status of wastewater discharge in China, including the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of wastewater discharge and its driving factors, so as to provide reference for developing “emission reduction” strategies in China and discuss regional sustainable development and resources environment policies. We utilized the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) method to analyze the characteristics of the spatio-temporal distribution of the total wastewater discharge among 31 provinces in China from 2002 to 2013. Then, we discussed about the driving factors, affected the wastewater discharge through the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method and classified those driving factors. Results indicate that: (1) the total wastewater discharge steadily increased, based on the social economic development, with an average growth rate of 5.3% per year; the domestic wastewater discharge is the main source of total wastewater discharge, and the amount of domestic wastewater discharge is larger than the industrial wastewater discharge. There are many spatial differences of wastewater discharge among provinces via the ESDA method. For example, provinces with high wastewater discharge are mainly the developed coastal provinces such as Jiangsu Province and Guangdong Province. Provinces and their surrounding areas with low wastewater discharge are mainly the undeveloped ones in Northwest China; (2) The dominant factors affecting wastewater discharge are the economy and technological advance; The secondary one is the efficiency of resource utilization, which brings about the unstable effect; population plays a less important role in wastewater discharge. The dominant driving factors affecting wastewater discharge among 31 provinces are divided into three types, including two-factor dominant type, three-factor leading type and four-factor antagonistic type. In addition, the proposals aimed at reducing the wastewater discharge are provided on the basis of these three types.
Tools for Sequence-Based miRNA Target Prediction: What to Choose?
Authors: Riffo-Campos Ángela , Riquelme Ismael , Brebi-Mieville Priscilla
Published: December 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are defined as small non-coding RNAs ~22 nt in length. They regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level through complementary base pairing with the target mRNA, leading to mRNA degradation and therefore blocking translation. In the last decade, the dysfunction of miRNAs has been related to the development and progression of many diseases. Currently, researchers need a method to identify precisely the miRNA targets, prior to applying experimental approaches that allow a better functional characterization of miRNAs in biological processes and can thus predict their effects. Computational prediction tools provide a rapid method to identify putative miRNA targets. However, since a large number of tools for the prediction of miRNA:mRNA interactions have been developed, all with different algorithms, the biological researcher sometimes does not know which is the best choice for his study and many times does not understand the bioinformatic basis of these tools. This review describes the biological fundamentals of these prediction tools, characterizes the main sequence-based algorithms, and offers some insights into their uses by biologists.
Procyanidins Mitigate Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis by, at Least in Part, Suppressing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling
Authors: Wang Angela , Leong Daniel , He Zhiyong , Xu Lin , Liu Lidi , Kim Sun , Hirsh David , Hardin John , Cobelli Neil , Sun Hui
Published: December 2016

Procyanidins are a family of plant metabolites that have been suggested to mitigate osteoarthritis pathogenesis in mice. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. This study aimed to determine whether procyanidins mitigate traumatic injury-induced osteoarthritis (OA) disease progression, and whether procyanidins exert a chondroprotective effect by, at least in part, suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor signaling. Procyanidins (extracts from pine bark), orally administered to mice subjected to surgery for destabilization of the medial meniscus, significantly slowed OA disease progression. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that procyanidin treatment reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and effectors in OA pathogenesis that are regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor. Procyanidin-suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor expression was correlated with reduced phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in human OA primary chondrocytes. Moreover, components of procyanidins, procyanidin B2 and procyanidin B3 exerted effects similar to those of total procyanidins in mitigating the OA-related gene expression profile in the primary culture of human OA chondrocytes in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor. Together, these findings suggest procyanidins mitigate OA pathogenesis, which is mediated, at least in part, by suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor signaling.
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis of Consecutive Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders Using an Ultra-High Resolution Chromosomal Microarray Optimized for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Ho Karen , Wassman E. , Baxter Adrianne , Hensel Charles , Martin Megan , Prasad Aparna , Twede Hope , Vanzo Rena , Butler Merlin
Published: December 2016

Copy number variants (CNVs) detected by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) significantly contribute to understanding the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other related conditions. In recognition of the value of CMA testing and its impact on medical management, CMA is in medical guidelines as a first-tier test in the evaluation of children with these disorders. As CMA becomes adopted into routine care for these patients, it becomes increasingly important to report these clinical findings. This study summarizes the results of over 4 years of CMA testing by a CLIA-certified clinical testing laboratory. Using a 2.8 million probe microarray optimized for the detection of CNVs associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, we report an overall CNV detection rate of 28.1% in 10,351 consecutive patients, which rises to nearly 33% in cases without ASD, with only developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID) and/or multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). The overall detection rate for individuals with ASD is also significant at 24.4%. The detection rate and pathogenic yield of CMA vary significantly with the indications for testing, age, and gender, as well as the specialty of the ordering doctor. We note discrete differences in the most common recurrent CNVs found in individuals with or without a diagnosis of ASD.
The Potential for Flora–Fauna Wordlists to Contribute to Biodiversity Research: Myanmar Birds as a Case Study
Authors: Si Aung
Published: December 2016

Traditional ecological knowledge recorded as part of a language documentation program can include valuable information on the presence or absence of plant and animal species in a given locality. Such data have the potential to inform biodiversity surveys at a local or landscape scale. In this study, bird names were recorded in six languages spoken around the town of Aungban in Shan State, Myanmar. A checklist of local birds was first compiled using online sources, and pictures and recordings of the calls of over 250 species were presented to native speakers to elicit bird names. A statistically significant correlation was found between the number of languages in which a bird was named, and the frequency with which it was sighted by ornithologists in a recently published study at a nearby location. Native speakers provided historical information on birds that were once present near their villages, and it was also possible to obtain indications of small-scale differences in the ranges of some birds. While there were some noteworthy mismatches between the number of sightings of some birds and the number of names recorded in the target languages, the findings indicate that overall, a language-documentation-based survey of bird species occurrence can provide valuable biodiversity information in a quick and cost-effective manner.
Stem Formation in French Verbs: Structure, Rules, and Allomorphy
Authors: Estivalet Gustavo , Meunier Fanny
Published: December 2016

Stem processing is an essential phase in word recognition. Most modern Romance languages, such as Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, and Spanish, have three theme vowels that define verbal classes and stem formation. However, French verbal classes are not traditionally described in terms of theme vowels. In this work, stem formation from theme vowel and allomorphic processes was investigated in French verbs. Our aim was to define the verbal stem formation structure processed during mental lexicon access in French. We conducted a cross-modal experiment and a masked priming experiment on different French stem formation processes from the first and third classes. We compared morphology-related priming effects to full priming obtained through identity priming, as well as to no priming obtained through a control condition. Stems from the first and third classes with a theme vowel presented full priming, whereas stems from the third class with allomorphy presented partial priming in both experiments. Our results suggest root-based stem formation for French. Verbs are recognized through word decomposition into stem and inflectional suffixes, and stem processing is based on root, theme vowel, and allomorphic processes. These results support a single-mechanism model with full decomposition and pre-lexical access defined by morphological rules.
3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-methylbenzothiazolium Bromide
Authors: Minkovska Stela , Gadjev Nikolay , Burdzhiev Nikola , Alexiev Alexi , Deligeorgiev Todor
Published: December 2016

A novel method for the preparation of 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylbenzothiazolium bromide was developed. It consists of heating of 2-methylbenzothiazole, 2-bromoethanol and ethoxyethanol for 2 h. On the next day the precipitate was filtered and air dried.
Synthesis of Fluorescent Core-Shell Metal Nanohybrids: A Versatile Approach
Authors: Alloisio Marina , Rusu Melania , Ottonello Stefano , Ottonelli Massimo , Thea Sergio , Comoretto Davide
Published: December 2016

A flexible way of fabricating core-shell noble metal-organic nanohybrids with tailored chemical and spectroscopic properties is proposed here. The synthetic protocol consists of a multi-step procedure able to guarantee acceptable reproducibility of core size and shape as well as control of the organic outer layer. The proposed method highlights limitations in obtaining highly controllable products, although the heterogeneity degree of the nanostructures is in line with that expected from bottom-up approaches in solution. Selective functionalization of the nanohybrids with properly-substituted fluorescent dyes under variable experimental conditions allowed the preparation of composite systems of tunable spectroscopic properties to be employed as nanoprobes in sensing or photonic applications. To this end, preliminary investigation on embedding the nanohybrids in compatible polymeric matrices is also reported.
Hybrid Molecular Compound Exhibiting Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Shen Yongbing , Cosquer Goulven , Breedlove Brian , Yamashita Masahiro
Published: December 2016

Electrochemical oxidation of a solution containing KDy(hfac)4 (hfac, hexafluoroacetyacetone) and Bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) afforded a hybrid material formulated as [β′-(BEDT-TTF)2Dy(CF3COO)4∙MeCN]n. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P 1 ¯ . The before mentioned complex has a chain structure containing 4f ions bridged by mono-anion CF3COO− ligand, and acts as single-molecule magnet (SMM) at low temperature. The conducting layer was composed of partially oxidized BEDT-TTF molecules in β′ type arrangement. The presence of radical cation and its charge ordering was assigned on the basis of optical spectra. Electrical resistivity measurements revealed semiconducting behaviour (conductivity at room temperature of 1.1 × 10−3 S·cm−1, activation energy of 158.5 meV) at ambient pressure.
Morphology Analysis of a Multilayer Single Pass via Novel Metal Thin-Wall Coating Forming
Authors: Wang Xin , Du Jun , Wei Zhengying , Fang Xuewei , Zhao Guangxi , Bai Hao , Liu Wei , Ren Chuanqi , Yao Yunfei
Published: December 2016

Through using a novel micro-coating metal additive manufacturing (MCMAM) process in this study, the forming characteristics of the multilayer single-pass specimens were investigated. The forming defects including the porosity and the bonding quality between layers were analyzed. Moreover, we also attempted to study the effect of process parameters such as flow rate, deposition velocity, and layer thickness on the forming morphology. Based on the results, the optimization of process parameters was conducted for the fabrication of thin-wall MCMAM. Finally, estimation criteria for the integrity of the interfacial bond were established.
Free-Standing GaMnAs Nanomachined Sheets for van der Pauw Magnetotransport Measurements
Authors: Lee Jae-Hyun , Park Seondo , Yang Chanuk , Choi Hyung , Cho Myung , Cho Sung , Park Yun
Published: December 2016

We report on the realization of free-standing GaMnAs epilayer sheets using nanomachining techniques. By optimizing the growth conditions of the sacrificial Al0.75Ga0.25As layer, free-standing metallic GaMnAs (with ~6% Mn) microsheets (with TC ~85 K) with integrated electrical probes are realized for magnetotransport measurements in the van der Pauw geometry. GaMnAs epilayer needs to be physically isolated to avoid buckling effects stemming from the release of lattice mismatch strain during the removal of the AlGaAs sacrificial layer. From finite element analysis, symmetrically placed and serpentine-shaped electrical leads induce minimal thermal stress at low temperatures. From magnetotransport measurements, changes in magnetic anisotropy are readily observed.
Polyphenols Isolated from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Husks and Their Anti-Tumor and Radical-Scavenging Activities
Authors: Yang Chun-Yan , Ha Wei , Lin Yong , Jiang Kan , Yang Jun-Li , Shi Yan-Ping
Published: December 2016

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. is used in traditional medicine in North China. To evaluate the anti-tumor and radical-scavenging activities of X. sorbifolia husks polyphenols and determine their structure-activity relationships, 37 polyphenols 1–37 were obtained by bioassay-guided fractionation. Two new compounds 1–2, and compounds 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 14–17, 21–25, 27–29, 31, 33, 34, 36, and 37 were isolated from the genus Xanthoceras for the first time. Compounds 1–37 did not show strong cytotoxicity against the four tested tumor cell lines (A549, HepG2, MGC-803, and MFC) compared to paclitaxel and under the conditions tested in the anti-tumor assay, but compounds 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 18–20, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, and 35 exhibited stronger radical-scavenging activity than ascorbic acid in a 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt assay. This was the first report on the anti-tumor and radical-scavenging activities of the polyphenols isolated from X. sorbifolia husks. Overall, the present study contributed valuable information concerning X. sorbifolia husks use in medicine and pharmacology.
Phosphorus Supplementation Recovers the Blunted Diet-Induced Thermogenesis of Overweight and Obese Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bassil Maya , Obeid Omar
Published: December 2016

Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) is believed to be largely related to ATP production, which is dependent on phosphorus (P) availability. We aimed to test the effect of P addition on DIT of lean and overweight/obese healthy subjects. DIT was measured with or without P in 10 lean and 13 overweight/obese adults in a double-blind randomized cross-over pilot study with one week washout period. After 10 h overnight fast, resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, and substrate utilization were measured at fasting and every 30 min for 3 h after subjects drank a standardized glucose solution, with P (500 mg) or placebo pills. Subjective ratings of hunger and satiety were assessed before and after the end of each experiment using validated visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaires. Overweight/obese subjects had a blunted DIT with placebo, while P supplementation induced a 23% increase in their DIT area under the curve (p < 0.05), which was associated with a significant increase in carbohydrate oxidation. Subjects had lower appetite following P supplementation, which was expressed as a significantly (p = 0.02) lower desire to eat a meal (4.0 ± 0.7 cm) compared with placebo (5.8 ± 0.9 cm). P supplementation recovers the blunted diet-induced thermogenesis in overweight and obese subjects and enhances their postprandial satiety.
Polysarcosine-Based Lipids: From Lipopolypeptoid Micelles to Stealth-Like Lipids in Langmuir Blodgett Monolayers
Authors: Weber Benjamin , Seidl Christine , Schwiertz David , Scherer Martin , Bleher Stefan , Süss Regine , Barz Matthias
Published: December 2016

Amphiphiles and, in particular, PEGylated lipids or alkyl ethers represent an important class of non-ionic surfactants and have become key ingredients for long-circulating (“stealth”) liposomes. While poly-(ethylene glycol) (PEG) can be considered the gold standard for stealth-like materials, it is known to be neither a bio-based nor biodegradable material. In contrast to PEG, polysarcosine (PSar) is based on the endogenous amino acid sarcosine (N-methylated glycine), but has also demonstrated stealth-like properties in vitro, as well as in vivo. In this respect, we report on the synthesis and characterization of polysarcosine based lipids with C14 and C18 hydrocarbon chains and their end group functionalization. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis reveals that lipopeptoids with a degree of polymerization between 10 and 100, dispersity indices around 1.1, and the absence of detectable side products are directly accessible by nucleophilic ring opening polymerization (ROP). The values for the critical micelle concentration for these lipopolymers are between 27 and 1181 mg/L for the ones with C18 hydrocarbon chain or even higher for the C14 counterparts. The lipopolypeptoid based micelles have hydrodynamic diameters between 10 and 25 nm, in which the size scales with the length of the PSar block. In addition, C18PSar50 can be incorporated in 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) monolayers up to a polymer content of 3%. Cyclic compression and expansion of the monolayer showed no significant loss of polymer, indicating a stable monolayer. Therefore, lipopolypeptoids can not only be synthesized under living conditions, but my also provide a platform to substitute PEG-based lipopolymers as excipients and/or in lipid formulations.
Venom Gland Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses of the Enigmatic Scorpion Superstitionia donensis (Scorpiones: Superstitioniidae), with Insights on the Evolution of Its Venom Components
Authors: Santibáñez-López Carlos , Cid-Uribe Jimena , Batista Cesar , Ortiz Ernesto , Possani Lourival
Published: December 2016

Venom gland transcriptomic and proteomic analyses have improved our knowledge on the diversity of the heterogeneous components present in scorpion venoms. However, most of these studies have focused on species from the family Buthidae. To gain insights into the molecular diversity of the venom components of scorpions belonging to the family Superstitioniidae, one of the neglected scorpion families, we performed a transcriptomic and proteomic analyses for the species Superstitionia donensis. The total mRNA extracted from the venom glands of two specimens was subjected to massive sequencing by the Illumina protocol, and a total of 219,073 transcripts were generated. We annotated 135 transcripts putatively coding for peptides with identity to known venom components available from different protein databases. Fresh venom collected by electrostimulation was analyzed by LC-MS/MS allowing the identification of 26 distinct components with sequences matching counterparts from the transcriptomic analysis. In addition, the phylogenetic affinities of the found putative calcins, scorpines, La1-like peptides and potassium channel κ toxins were analyzed. The first three components are often reported as ubiquitous in the venom of different families of scorpions. Our results suggest that, at least calcins and scorpines, could be used as molecular markers in phylogenetic studies of scorpion venoms.
Hydrological Responses to Land Use/Cover Changes in the Olifants Basin, South Africa
Authors: Gyamfi Charles , Ndambuki Julius , Salim Ramadhan
Published: December 2016

This paper discusses the hydrological impacts of land use changes on the Olifants Basin in South Africa using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). A three-phase land use scenario (2000, 2007 and 2013) employing the “fix-changing” method was used to simulate the hydrology of the Olifants Basin. Changes in land uses were related to different hydrological responses through a multi-regression analysis to quantify the effects of land use changes. Results reveal that from 2000 to 2013, a 31.6% decrease in rangeland with concomitant increases in agriculture lands (20.1%), urban areas (10.5%) and forest (0.7%) led to a 46.97% increase in surface runoff generation. Further, urbanization was revealed as the strongest contributor to increases in surface runoff generation, water yield and evapotranspiration (ET). ET was found to be a key water availability determinant as it has a high negative impact on surface runoff and water yield. Urbanization and agriculture were the most essential environmental factors influencing water resources of the basin with ET playing a dominant role. The output of the paper provides a simplistic approach of evaluating the impacts of land use changes on water resources. The tools and methods used are relevant for policy directions on water resources planning and adaptation of strategies.
Development and characterization of EST‐SSR markers for Artocarpus hypargyreus (Moraceae)
Authors: Liu Haijun , Tan Weizheng , Sun Hongbin , Liu Yu , Meng Kaikai , Liao Wenbo
Published: December 2016

Premise of the study:

Polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Artocarpus hypargyreus (Moraceae), a threatened species endemic to China, to investigate the genetic diversity and structure of the species.

Methods and Results:

Based on the transcriptome data of A. hypargyreus, 63 primer pairs were preliminarily designed and tested, of which 34 were successfully amplified and 10 displayed clear polymorphisms across the 67 individuals from four populations of A. hypargyreus. The results showed the number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 10, and the observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.000 to 0.706 and from 0.328 to 0.807, respectively.

Conclusions:

These microsatellite markers will be useful in exploring genetic diversity and structure of A. hypargyreus. Furthermore, most loci were successfully cross‐amplified in A. nitidus and A. heterophyllus, indicating that they will be of great value for genetic study across this genus.
Effect of nanostructured carbon coatings on the electrochemical performance of Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x-based cathode materials
Authors: Kurilenko Konstantin A , Shlyakhtin Oleg A , Brylev Oleg A , Petukhov Dmitry I , Garshev Alexey V
Published: December 2016

Nanocomposites of Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x and amorphous carbon were obtained by the pyrolysis of linear and cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in presence of Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x. In the case of linear PVA, the formation of nanostructured carbon coatings on Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x particles is observed, while for cross-linked PVA islands of mesoporous carbon are located on the boundaries of Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x particles. The presence of the carbon framework leads to a decrease of the polarization upon cycling and of the charge transfer resistance and to an increase in the apparent Li+ diffusion coefficient from 10−16 cm2·s−1 (pure Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x) to 10−13 cm2·s−1. The nanosized carbon coatings also reduce the deep electrochemical degradation of Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x during electrochemical cycling. The nanocomposite obtained by the pyrolysis of linear PVA demonstrates higher values of the apparent lithium diffusion coefficient, a higher specific capacity and lower values of charge transfer resistance, which can be related to the more uniform carbon coatings and to the significant content of sp2-hybridized carbon detected by XPS and by Raman spectroscopy.
LOJALUMAS ELEKTRONINĖJE ERDVĖJE
Authors: Tūskaitė Ieva , Šlimaitė Viktorija
Published: December 2016

Kiekvieno verslo pajamos priklauso nuo paklausos, kurią lemia vienas iš veiksnių – vartotojų lojalumas. Mokslininkai intensyviai tiria vartotojų lojalumą jau nuo 1990 m. Atsirandant naujoms technologijoms, verslas įgyja naują formą, todėl atsiranda lojalumas virtualioje erdvėje, kurio nagrinėjimo pradžia siejama su interneto ir kompiuterinės technikos prieinamumu bei e. verslo modelių pradžia. Straipsnio tikslas yra atlikti vartotojų lojalumo virtualioje erdvėje teorinę analizę. Šis straipsnis tiria vartotojų lojalumo lygius ir veiksnius virtualioje erdvėje ir lygina e. komercijos ir e. paslaugų lojalumo modelius. Metodologija apima teorinę atliktų mokslininkų tyrimų analizę, kuri parodė, jog svarbiausi vartotojų lojalumo veiksniai elektroninėje erdvėje yra vartotojo pasitenkinimas ir pasitikėjimas pardavėju. Šio straipsnio aktualumas pasižymi tuo, jog galimas praktinis pagrindinių lojalumo veiksnių tyrimas ateityje.
INVESTICINIŲ PORTFELIŲ FORMAVIMO TEORIJOS LIETUVOS MOKSLININKŲ KONTEKSTE IR JŲ TAIKYMAS PRAKTIKOJE
Authors: Pašukonytė Gerda , Kvietkauskienė Alina
Published: December 2016

Pagrindinis straipsnio tikslas – išnagrinėti dažniausiai praktikoje taikomus vertybinių popierių analizės metodus, atlikti pagrindinių investicinių portfelių formavimo metodų lyginamąjį vertinimą bei pateikti metodų taikymo praktikoje pavyzdžius. Straipsnyje glaustai aprašyta fundamentalioji ir techninė vertybinių popierių analizė. Apžvelgti jų privalumai ir trūkumai. Aptarta galimybė šių dviejų rūšių analizę naudoti kartu. Atlikta portfelio teorijų analizė. Remiantis literatūros analize, įvertinti pagrindiniai teorijų netikslumai ir ribotumai bei pranašumai prieš kitas teorijas. Apžvelgta vertybinių portfelių formavimo teorijų taikymo praktika Lietuvos finansinėse institucijose.
KOKYBĖS VADYBOS SISTEMŲ, TAIKOMŲ NEPRIKLAUSOMŲ KROVINIŲ KONTROLĖS AGENTŪRŲ VEIKLOJE, PARINKIMO BEI DIEGIMO PRINCIPŲ TEORINIAI ASPEKTAI
Authors: Riepšas Laurynas , Vasilienė-Vasiliauskienė Virgilija
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje pristatomi literatūros šaltinių teoriniai aspektai, apibūdinantys pagrindines kokybės vadybos sistemas, jų privalumus, naudą ir panaudojimą. Išanalizavus nepriklausomų krovinių kontrolės agentūrų veiklos pobūdį, apibrėžiama kokybės vadybos sistemų svarba ir jų pritaikomumas nepriklausomų krovinių kontrolės agentūrų veikloje. Straipsnis supažindina su kokybės sistemos diegimo principais ir perspektyvomis, sprendžiant šią veiklą vykdančių organizacijų tęstinumo, rizikų valdymo bei atitikties įvertinimo problemas. Išanalizavus teorinius kokybės sistemų aspektus, apžvelgiama kontrolės agentūrų veiklai tinkamiausia kokybės sistema.
AB „VILNIAUS DEGTINĖ” IR AB „STUMBRAS” VEIKLOS RODIKLIŲ 2007–2014 M. PALYGINAMOJI ANALIZĖ IR VERTINIMAS
Authors: Slavinskaitė Neringa , Leonavičienė Edita
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje, remiantis moksline literatūra, apibendrinti įmonių veiklos ekonominės analizės teoriniai aspektai. Pateiktas Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių santykinių rodiklių grupavimas. Sudarytas detalus analizės rūšių klasifikavimas pagal įvairius veiksnius. Taip pat, remiantis skirtingais autoriais, aprašyti įmonių veiklos analizės metodai ir būdai. Antroje straipsnio dalyje nagrinėjamos dvi didžiausios, tarpusavyje nuolat konkuruojančios, Lietuvos alkoholinių gėrimų gamintojos – AB „Vilniaus degtinė” ir AB „Stumbras”. Pasirinktas 2007–2014 metų laikotarpis, apimantis ekonominio pakilimo, krizės ir po jos sekusius atsigavimo metus. Naudojantis finansinių ataskaitų duomenimis, apskaičiuoti šių įmonių ekonominio efektyvumo, pelningumo ir mokumo rodikliai. Gauti rezultatai apibendrinti ir palyginti pavaizduotuose grafikuose.
PAJAMAS IŠ PRIDĖTINĖS VERTĖS MOKESČIO LEMIANČIŲ VEIKSNIŲ TYRIMAS
Authors: Mockevičiūtė Eglė , Skačkauskienė Ilona
Published: December 2016

Sėkminga verslo subjektų veikla lemia ekonominį valstybės augimą. Tuo tarpu netinkamai vykdoma
verslo apmokestinimo politika, per dideli mokesčių tarifai gali sąlygoti vengimą sąžiningai mokėti mokesčius ir
nepakankamą surenkamų mokestinių pajamų dalį į valstybės biudžetą. PVM yra pagrindinis iš verslo subjektų
surenkamų mokestinių pajamų Lietuvos valstybės biudžete šaltinis, todėl straipsnyje siekiama nustatyti, kokie
veiksniai lemia PVM pajamų surinkimą. Šiam tikslui pasiekti pirmiausia pateikiama PVM samprata, po to
analizuojama PVM dinamika ir reikšmė biudžeto pajamų surinkimui. Straipsnyje koreliacinės analizės metodu
įvertinamas ryšio stiprumas tarp PVM pajamų ir jų kitimą lemiančių veiksnių.
JAUNIMO VERSLUMO GALIMYBĖS LIETUVOJE: PROBLEMOS IR PERSPEKTYVOS
Authors: Okunevičiūtė Neverauskienė Laima , Sereičikaitė Dovilė
Published: December 2016

Jaunimo verslumas yra Lietuvos strateginis prioritetas ir laikomas vienu pagrindiniu veiksniu ekonominės plėtros raidoje. Lietuvai tapus Europos Sąjungos (ES) nare jaunimo verslumo skatinimas ir plėtojamas grindžiamas ES strategijomis. Tačiau šio dešimtmečio jaunimo nedarbas yra vienas iš pagrindinių ekonomikos ir socialinių uždavinių daugelyje ES valstybių narių, tame tarpe ir Lietuvos. Jaunimo verslumas nėra panacėja sprendžiant jaunimo nedarbo problemas, bet gali būti politinio reagavimo dalimi. Straipsnyje yra vertinamos jaunimo verslumo galimybės ir strateginės plėtros kryptys Lietuvoje. Pagrindiniai kriterijai, pagal kuriuos vertinamos verslumo galimybės yra politinė, socialinė, ekonominė bei technologinė aplinka. Strateginės plėtros kryptys yra grįstos jaunimo verslumo SSGG Lietuvoje.
NAUJŲ VIEŠŲJŲ PASLAUGŲ KŪRIMO PROCESO MODELIAVIMAS
Authors: Vestertė Jurga , Drejeris Rolandas
Published: December 2016

Šiandien susiduriama su nemažai iššūkių, kuriant viešąsias paslaugas. Kokybiškai pasikeitusi visuomenė, technologinės inovacijos ir finansinis spaudimas verčia vyriausybes dirbti efektyviau, mažinti išlaidas, gerinti sprendimų priėmimo kokybę ir pateisinti didesnius šiuolaikinių piliečių ir verslo lūkesčius. Egzistuojant tokioms sąlygoms, labai svarbu ieškoti inovatyvių modelių ir metodų naujų paslaugų vystymui viešajame sektoriuje. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiama diskusija naujų paslaugų kūrimo klausimais bei nagrinėjamas naujas požiūris į viešųjų paslaugų kūrimą. Taip pat pasiūlomas naujų viešųjų paslaugų kūrimo proceso modelis bei pateikiami jame naudojamų paslaugos kūrimo etapų apibūdinimai.
ORGANIZACINĖS ATITIKTIES SAMPRATA IR JOS SISTEMOS ELEMENTŲ RAIDA BEI FUNKCIONAVIMAS ŽINIŲ VISUOMENĖS KONTEKSTE
Authors: Gaižauskienė Laura
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje aptariama organizacinės atitikties samprata ir ją sudarantys pagrindiniai elementai. Dėl visuomenės raidos ir progreso pakitusios šio konstrukto dedamosios apibūdinamos šiandieniniame kontekste, nes jų pokyčio suvokimas sukuria naujas, modernioje organizacijoje, gimstančias problemas. Šiame straipsnyje aprašomo mokslinio tyrimo tikslas yra pateikti organizacinės atitikties samprata, identifikuojant jos vietą vadybos mokslo plotmėje. Apibūdinus darbuotoją, kaip intelektualaus produkto kūrėją, ir darbo vietą šiuolaikinėje organizacijoje, suformuluoti uždaviniai, kuriuos išsprendus pasiekiama organizacinė atitiktis. Ši siekiamybė yra pripažįstama kaip šiandienos konkurencinio pranašumo veiksnys, tačiau ilguoju laikotarpiu gali tapti augimą ribojančia jėga. Galiausiai pristatoma dinaminio suderinamumo koncepcija, kuri turėtų įgalinti organizaciją lanksčiau suvokti atitiktį. Tyrimui atlikti naudoti mokslinės literatūros analizės, lyginamosios analizės, interpretavimo metodai.
NEW PARALLAXES AND A CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS FOR THE TW Hya ASSOCIATION
Authors: Donaldson J. K. , Weinberger A. J. , Gagné J. , Faherty J. K. , Boss A. P. , Keiser S. A.
Published: December 2016

The TW Hya Association (TWA) is a nearby stellar association with an age of ∼5–10 Myr. This is an important age for studying the late stages of star and planet formation. We measure the parallaxes of 14 candidate members of TWA. That brings to 38 the total number of individual stars with fully measured kinematics, i.e., proper motion, radial velocity, and parallax, to describe their motions through the Galaxy. We analyze these kinematics to search for convergence to a smaller volume in the past, but we find that the association is never much more compact than it is at present. We show that it is difficult to measure traceback ages for associations such as TWA that have expected velocity dispersions of 1–2 km s−1 with typical measurement uncertainties. We also use our stellar distances and pre-main-sequence evolutionary tracks to find the average age of the association of 7.9 ± 1.0 Myr. Additionally, our parallax measurement of TWA 32 indicates that it should be considered a bona fide member of TWA. Two new candidate members have high membership probabilities, and we assign them TWA numbers: TWA 45 for 2MASS J11592786–4510192 and TWA 46 for 2MASS J12354615–4115531.
AGNfitter: A BAYESIAN MCMC APPROACH TO FITTING SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF AGNs
Authors: Calistro Rivera Gabriela , Lusso Elisabeta , Hennawi Joseph F. , Hogg David W.
Published: December 2016

We present AGNfitter, a publicly available open-source algorithm implementing a fully Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to fit the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from the sub-millimeter to the UV, allowing one to robustly disentangle the physical processes responsible for their emission. AGNfitter makes use of a large library of theoretical, empirical, and semi-empirical models to characterize both the nuclear and host galaxy emission simultaneously. The model consists of four physical emission components: an accretion disk, a torus of AGN heated dust, stellar populations, and cold dust in star-forming regions. AGNfitter determines the posterior distributions of numerous parameters that govern the physics of AGNs with a fully Bayesian treatment of errors and parameter degeneracies, allowing one to infer integrated luminosities, dust attenuation parameters, stellar masses, and star-formation rates. We tested AGNfitter’s performance on real data by fitting the SEDs of a sample of 714 X-ray selected AGNs from the XMM-COSMOS survey, spectroscopically classified as Type1 (unobscured) and Type2 (obscured) AGNs by their optical–UV emission lines. We find that two independent model parameters, namely the reddening of the accretion disk and the column density of the dusty torus, are good proxies for AGN obscuration, allowing us to develop a strategy for classifying AGNs as Type1 or Type2, based solely on an SED-fitting analysis. Our classification scheme is in excellent agreement with the spectroscopic classification, giving a completeness fraction of

and

, and an efficiency of

and

, for Type1 and Type2 AGNs, respectively.
THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: THE POLARIZATION-SENSITIVE ACTPol INSTRUMENT
Authors: Thornton R. J. , Ade P. A. R. , Aiola S. , Angilè F. E. , Amiri M. , Beall J. A. , Becker D. T. , Cho H-M. , Choi S. K. , Corlies P. , Coughlin K. P. , Datta R. , Devlin M. J. , Dicker S. R. , Dünner R. , Fowler J. W. , Fox A. E. , Gallardo P. A. , Gao J. , Grace E. , Halpern M. , Hasselfield M. , Henderson S. W. , Hilton G. C. , Hincks A. D. , Ho S. P. , Hubmayr J. , Irwin K. D. , Klein J. , Koopman B. , Li Dale , Louis T. , Lungu M. , Maurin L. , McMahon J. , Munson C. D. , Naess S. , Nati F. , Newburgh L. , Nibarger J. , Niemack M. D. , Niraula P. , Nolta M. R. , Page L. A. , Pappas C. G. , Schillaci A. , Schmitt B. L. , Sehgal N. , Sievers J. L. , Simon S. M. , Staggs S. T. , Tucker C. , Uehara M. , Lanen J. van , Ward J. T. , Wollack E. J.
Published: December 2016

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) makes high angular resolution measurements of anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) at millimeter wavelengths. We describe ACTPol, an upgraded receiver for ACT, which uses feedhorn-coupled, polarization-sensitive detector arrays, a 3° field of view, 100 mK cryogenics with continuous cooling, and meta material antireflection coatings. ACTPol comprises three arrays with separate cryogenic optics: two arrays at a central frequency of 148 GHz and one array operating simultaneously at both 97 GHz and 148 GHz. The combined instrument sensitivity, angular resolution, and sky coverage are optimized for measuring angular power spectra, clusters via the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) and kinetic SZ signals, and CMB lensing due to large-scale structure. The receiver was commissioned with its first 148 GHz array in 2013, observed with both 148 GHz arrays in 2014, and has recently completed its first full season of operations with the full suite of three arrays. This paper provides an overview of the design and initial performance of the receiver and related systems.
Real-World Effectiveness and Predictors of Sustained Virological Response with All-Oral Therapy in 21,242 Hepatitis C Genotype-1 Patients
Authors: Backus Lisa I , Belperio Pamela S , Shahoumian Troy A , Loomis Timothy P , Mole Larry A
Published: December 2016

Background

Predictors of sustained virological response (SVR) to all-oral HCV regimens can inform nuanced treatment decisions. We evaluated effectiveness and identified predictors of SVR for ledipasvir/sofosbuvir ± ribavirin (LDV/SOF ±RBV) and ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ ritonavir + dasabuvir (OPrD) ±RBV in patients treated in routine practice.

Methods

Observational, intent-to-treat cohort of 21,142 genotype-1 patients initiating 8 or 12 weeks of LDV/SOF ±RBV or 12 weeks of OPrD ±RBV at any Veterans Affairs facility. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to model SVR and identify predictors.

Results

SVR was 91.2% (9,781/10,720) for LDV/ SOF, 89.6% (3,266/3,646) for LDV/SOF+RBV, 91.7% (1,197/1,306) for OPrD and 87.8% (3,365/3,832) for OPrD+RBV. For LDV/SOF ±RBV, reduced odds of SVR occurred in African-Americans (0.80, 95% CI 0.70, 0.92, P<0.001), body mass index (BMI)<25 (0.77, 95% CI 0.66, 0.90, P <0.001), BMI≥30 (0.77, 95% CI 0.67, 0.89, P<0.001), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs; 0.81, 95% CI 0.71, 0.92, P<0. 001), decompensated liver disease (0.58, 95% CI 0.45, 0.74, P <0.001) and FIB4>3.25 (0.60, 95% CI 0.53, 0.69, P <0.001). For OPrD ±RBV, FIB-4>3.25 negatively predicted SVR (0.72, 95% CI 0.59, 0.88, P<0. 001). Detectable 4-week on-treatment HCV RNA≥15 IU/ml reduced SVR odds for both regimens (LDV/SOF ±RBV OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.41, 0.58, P<0.001; OPrD ±RBV OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.29, 0.50, P <0.001). Receipt of OPrD+RBV compared to LDV/SOF reduced odds of SVR (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.62, 0.80, P <0.001). Mental health diagnosis did not impact likelihood of SVR.

Conclusions

The diversity and size of this cohort allowed for extensive examination of regimen-specific predictors of SVR. FIB-4>3.25 and detectable 4-week on-treatment HCV RNA had the greatest negative impact. African-American race, low or high BMI, and PPIs negatively impacted odds of SVR for LDV/SOF ±RBV Mental health diagnoses did not.
La place des femmes en littérature
Authors: Détrez Christine
Published: December 2016

Comment comprendre que la littérature se conjugue (trop) souvent au masculin : entre naturalisation de leur incompétence, dévalorisation de leurs productions et fabrication d’une élite masculine, les femmes ont eu bien du mal à se faire reconnaître en littérature, et peinent encore à atteindre le même prestige que les hommes. Cet article analyse la place laissée aux femmes par l’institution littéraire.
L’économie à l’épreuve de la littérature
Authors: Pignol Claire
Published: December 2016

Dans la littérature qui précède l’invention de la pensée économique comme dans celle qui l’accompagne et témoigne des changements du monde social, nous prenons conscience de la permanence des questions économiques – la subsistance, le travail, l’intérêt personnel et le rapport à autrui – en même temps que de la modernité politique qui caractérise à la fois l’agent économique et le personnage romanesque.
Le social et le politique : un bilan de l' Essai sur la Révolution d'Hannah Arendt
Authors: Roza Stéphanie
Published: December 2016

L’article se donne pour objectif de faire le point, un demi-siècle après sa parution, sur lapostérité théorique de l’Essai sur la Révolution de Hannah Arendt. Il s’attache à chercher les raisons du caractère contradictoire de sa réception dans les tensions internes à l’oeuvre, le caractère problématique de son statut et l’aporie fondamentale qui la travaille. L’impossibilité de séparer radicalement la question sociale et la question politique est au fondement de l’incapacité d’Arendt à indiquer les moyens de faire revivre « le trésor perdu des révolutions » ; mais cet échec même met en lumière les véritables questions qui travaillent toute pensée révolutionnaire.
Internationalisation et performance : une approche matricielle appliquée au secteur des équipements électriques
Authors: Besanger Serge , Roth Fabrice
Published: December 2016

Depuis plus de quarante ans, les chercheurs ont étudié la relation entre l’internationalisation des entreprises et leur performance financière. Alors que la plupart des études révèlent l’existence d’une relation, les chercheurs sont en désaccord sur la linéarité et la forme de la courbe statistique. Dans cet article, la relation est étudiée en utilisant une approche matricielle, avec une application statistique au secteur des équipements électriques. Les résultats montrent la non-linéarité du lien entre performance financière (ROE) et chiffre d’affaires à l’international.
Comment améliorer la pertinence de la recherche en gestion?
Authors: Saint-Onge Sylvie , Alis David , Wolf Joachim , Rosenberg Timo
Published: December 2016

L’écart entre la rigueur et la pertinence des recherches en gestion fait l’objet de nombreux débats. Initialement lancés en Amérique du Nord dans les années 80, ces débats apparaissent en France depuis une décennie. Afin de mieux relever les défis du transfert des connaissances, nous proposons d’abord aux chercheurs des moyens de favoriser davantage la pertinence à toutes les étapes de leurs recherches. Ensuite, nous traitons des changements contextuels nécessaires pour concilier davantage les critères de pertinence et de rigueur ainsi que le transfert des connaissances au sein des organisations et de la société. Enfin, nous montrons comment les nombreux changements économiques, concurrentiels, sociologiques et technologiques favorisent la recherche de pertinence et la synergie « recherche/enseignement/transfert ».
Recherche-intervention et management des petites équipes : proposition d’un dispositif heuristique et transformatif
Authors: Masingue Antoine
Published: December 2016

Cet article relate l’expérimentation d’un dispositif instrumental original mis au service d’une recherche-intervention appliquée au management de petites équipes. Il s’appuie sur une recherche menée au sein d’équipes travaillant dans un groupe de vente à distance confrontées à des problèmes relationnels. Dans un premier temps, sont présentées les caractéristiques attendues d’une démarche ingénierique répondant aux exigences d’une recherche-intervention valide appliquée au fonctionnement des petites équipes. Dans un second temps, est exposée l’expérimentation menée, afin d’en tirer des enseignements pertinents.
How to measure ethical consumption behaviors ?
Authors: Toti Jean-François , Moulins Jean-Louis
Published: December 2016

Il a été démontré que les consommateurs expriment leur éthique dans leurs choix de consommation. Cependant, la définition de cette consommation éthique reste assez floue en marketing du comportement du consommateur et sa mesure n’est pas toujours adaptée. Nous proposons dans cet article de clarifier le concept de comportement de consommation éthique (CCE) en construisant un cadre théorique approprié et en développant un instrument de mesure valide et fiable. Une étude qualitative exploratoire (14 interviews), suivie d’une collecte de données quantitatives (559 participants), permettent d’établir les qualités psychométriques de cette échelle de mesure. Les résultats offrent des perspectives intéressantes quant à la prise en compte de l’éthique des consommateurs, tant au niveau académique que managérial.
Le subjonctif comme marqueur procédural
Authors: Rihs Alain
Published: December 2016

Résumé L’hypothèse défendue dans cet article est que le subjonctif est porteur d’un sens instructionnel invariant, qui guide le destinataire dans son travail interprétatif. Je suggère ainsi que le subjonctif communique la non-pertinence du fait qu’il rapporte (voir également Jary 2004), en même temps qu’il indique que l’effet contextuel prégnant associé à l’énoncé complet est localisé du côté de la proposition principale (à l’indicatif). Plusieurs configurations sémantico-syntaxiques appelant le subjonctif ou l’indicatif sont examinées à l’appui de cette hypothèse. C’est en effet au travers d’une mise en regard systématique des emplois contrastés des deux modes que le marquage procédural singulier du subjonctif se dessine clairement.