bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complementary and alternative medicine use and self-efficacy level in Turkish adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: SELÇUK TOSUN Alime , ZİNCİR Handan , ELİŞ Elif
Published: February 2019

Purpose:This study was conducted to determine the complementary and
alternative medicine used by individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus for
blood glucose control as well as their self-efficacy level and the factors
affecting the use of CAM. Materials and Methods:This descriptive study was conducted with a total of 350
individuals with diabetes mellitus in a university hospital. In order to collect the data,
Personal information form including descriptive and disease characteristics of
the individuals, Self-efficacy Scale for patients with Type 2 Diabetes, and the
complementary and alternative medicine questionnaire were used.  Results:The average age of all individuals participated in the study
was 55.83±8.82 (min: 29-max:78). The rate of current CAM use of the patients was 38.3%.
According to the logistic regression analysis, self-efficacy total score,
fasting blood glucose, and going to physician control after 6 months were found
to be the important determinants for the use of CAM. Conclusion:Especially herbal products from the complementary and
alternative medicine methods were determined to be commonly used. It was also determined that the
majority of the patients did not inform the healthcare professionals about the
use of CAM during their routine controls. In this respect, especially the
nurses, who have important roles in diabetes management, spend more time with
the patients, and involve directly in their care, should question the use of
CAM and the importance of informing the healthcare professionals by the
individuals about the use of CAM should be emphasized.
Chromosomal aberrations in multiple myeloma: clinical outcome and response to bortezomib.
Authors: AÇIKALIN Arbil , KILIÇ BAĞIR Emine , PAYDAŞ Semra , ALSANCAK Perihan , ERGİN Melek
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Multiple myeloma is a heterogeneous disease, for which an understanding of the prognostic and predictive value of chromosomal aberrations is necessary to prescribe the most appropriate therapy. We aimed to document the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in our institute and searched the relationships between therapy regimens and chromosomal aberrations. Materials and methods: We analyzed the frequency of del(17p13), del(13q14), t(11;14), and t(4;14) in patients with MM by interphase-fluorescent in situ hybridization who were diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2015 in our institute. We researched the relationship between response to conventional chemotherapy and Bortezomib based chemotherapy.Results: Eighty patients (72.7%) had at least one chromosomal aberration. The most frequently observed aberration was del(17p13) (48.2%), followed by del(13q14) (40.9%), t(11;14) (16.4%), and t(4;14) (11.8%). In clinically analyzed subgroup (n=67), 36 patients who received Bortezomib based chemotherapy showed a higher response rate (55.6%) than conventional chemotherapy group (48.4%). With respect to chromosomal aberrations, response rates were higher in Bortezomib based therapy group (63.2%) than conventional chemotherapy group  (50%) in del (17p13) positive patients as well as in del (13q14) positive patients (61.5% in Bortezomib based, 50% in conventional chemotherapy group).

Conclusion: Bortezomib-containing regimens may have beneficial effects on the clinical outcome of patients with del (17p13) and del (13q14).
Changes on preterm morbidities with antenatal magnesium
Authors: Özlü Ferda , Hacıoğlu Caner , Büyükkurt Selim , Yapıcıoğlu Hacer , Satar Mehmet
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The effect of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) to mothers with imminent premature birth at <34 weeks on neonatal morbidities like intraventricular hemorrhage, feeding intolerance, retinopathy or bronchopulmoner dysplasia is not clear. We evaluated the effect of antenatal magnesium sulfate exposure on premature early and late morbidities and mortality retrospectively.Materials and Methods: 108 infants ≤ 32 gestational age having antenatal magnesium were grouped as Mg (+) and 172 infants ≤ 32 gestational age not having antenatal magnesium were grouped as Mg (-).Results: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, severe intraventricular hemorrhage (grade 3 and 4), retinopathy of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were less in Mg (+) group compared to Mg (-) group but it is not statistically significant, except Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Conclusion: This retrospective study showed that ante natal exposure to MgSO4 did not have statistically significant beneficial effect on either morbidities or mortality in premature infants.
Arrhythmias in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Dursun İhsan , Taşcanov Mustafa Beğenç
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Arrhythmias and conduction disturbances are common during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and a major cause of death in the pre-hospital phase. The aim of this study was to investigate common predictors for all arrhythmias in patients with ST elevation AMI (STEMI) during in-hospital phase. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients (74 male, 55 ±11 years) with acute STEMI were included. Clinical charesteristics were recorded and laboratory parameters including serum C- reactive protein (CRP), creatinine kinase MB (CKMB) and potassium levels were measured. The patients were divided into two groups according to development of arrhythmias.Results: Group 1 (n=42) patients had new onset arrhythmias and Group 2 (n=48) patients had without arrhythmias. Median baseline CRP levels were significantly higher in group 1 (36.6 (21.8-77) mg/dl vs. 21.8 (24.2-30.7) mg/dl), especially in patients with atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. Logistic regression analysis showed that baseline higher CRP level, peak CKMB level and inferior localization of AMI were significantly associated with the development of arrhythmia following AMI. Conclusion: Levels of CRP and CKMB and inferior infarct localization have predictive values for all the arrhythmic events during AMI. CRP levels were found to be associated with both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. The assessment of CRP levels can be used to detect patients at high risk for arrhythmic events after STEMI.
Sağlık çalışanlarında fiziksel aktivite ile yaşam kalitesi ilişkisi
Authors: YILDIRIM Duygu , Yıldırım Ahmet , Eryılmaz Mehmet
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık çalışanlarında fiziksel aktivite ile yaşam kalitesi ilişkisini araştırmak ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırmaya hastanede sağlık hizmeti veren 120 doktor ve 120 hemşire gönüllülük prensibine göre alınmıştır. Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte bir çalışmadır. Tüm katılımcılara 20 sorudan oluşan genel bilgi formu doldurtulmuştur. Araştırmanın fiziksel aktivite değişkeni ile ilgili veriler ‘Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu -UFAA Kısa Form - International Physical Activity Questionnaire- ile toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde ‘Kısa Form 36 (KF-36) Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği’ uygulanmıştır. Tüm veri toplama araçları yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 240 sağlık çalışanı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların meslek gruplarına göre cinsiyetleri, yaş grupları, medeni durumları, gelir düzeyleri ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Doktorların %63,9’unun, hemşirelerin ise %36,1’inin yüksek fiziksel aktivite düzeyine sahip olduğu ve doktorların fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin hemşirelerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Doktorlarınhemşirelere göre fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin ve KF-36’nın alt ölçeklerinden Fiziksel Fonksiyon ve Genel Sağlık Algısı skorlarının anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre yüksek düzeyde yapılan fiziksel aktivitenin daha iyi yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkili olduğu, düşük FA düzeylerinin bile olumlu birçok etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.
Effect of the gaze direction recognition task on pain intensity, range of motion and isometric muscle endurance in chronic neck pain
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Şule , DURAY Mehmet , ALTUĞ Filiz
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Gaze Direction Recognition Task on pain intensity, range of motion and isometric muscle endurance in patients with chronic neck pain. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 participants (32 female, 8 male) aged between 29-54 years (mean age: 44.98 ± 6.38) participated voluntarily in our study. Participants were randomly divided in two groups (GDRT Group and Control Group). Both groups underwent combined physiotherapy program. Both groups received in total 15 sessions of therapy during 3 weeks, 5 days per week. The GDRT Group has additionally underwent 15 sessions of Gaze Direction Recognition Tasks. Pain Intensity (Visual Analog Scale), range of motion (universal goniometer), isometric muscle endurance (craniocervical test) and the Gaze direction recognition task assessments were repeated before, after and 6 weeks after the treatment programme.Results: After therapy, improvement was observed in terms of pain intensity, flexion, extension, lateral flexion, left rotation range of motion and isometric muscle endurance in both groups (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were recorded in terms of pain intensity, flexion, lateral flexion of both direction, right rotation range of motion, muscle strength and gaze direction recognition task scores between two groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: The Gaze Direction Recognition Tasks given additionally to the combined physiotherapy program has increased the efficiency of the treatment.
Üreazın modifiye edilmiş florisile kovalent immobilizasyonu ve serbest ve immobilize üreazın karakterizasyonu
Authors: ALPTEKİN Özlem
Published: February 2019

Amaç:Bu çalışmada Canavalia
ensiformis kaynaklı üreazın modifiye edilmiş Florisil’e (magnezyum
silikat)  kovalent immobilize edilmesi ve
immobilize üreazın karakterizasyonunun yapılarak biyoreaktör uygulamalarında
kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem:Florisil, 3-aminopropiltrietoksisilan ile aktifleştirilmiş daha sonra
glutaraldehit ile modifiye edilmiştir. Modifiye edilmiş desteğe üreaz kovalent immobilize edilmiştir. İmmobilize
enzimin ve desteğin taramalı elektron mikroskobunda görüntüleri incelenmiştir. Serbest
ve immobilize üreazın optimum pH’sı, sıcaklığı, kinetik parametreleri (Km, Vmax, kcat/Km) belirlenmiş, 4°C’de ve
oda sıcaklığında depolama kararlılıkları incelenmiştir. İmmobilize üreazın
kesikli tip reaktörde tekrar kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır.Bulgular:Serbest ve immobilize
üreaz için optimum pH sırasıyla 7,0 ve 6,5; sıcaklık ise 50 ve 60°C olarak
belirlenmiştir. İmmobilizasyondan sonra enzimin Km değeri 2,2 kat artmıştır.
İmmobilize üreazın katalitik etkinliği, serbest üreazın katalitik etkinliğinin %.0,1’i
kadar bulunmuştur. Oda sıcaklığında ve 4°C’de serbest üreaz 5 gün sonunda ve aktivitesini
tamamen kaybederken immobilize üreaz 19 gün sonunda aktivitesini
kaybetmemiştir. İmmobilize üreaz kesikli tip biyoreaktörde 10 kullanım sonunda
başlangıç aktivitesinin %50’sini korumuştur. Sonuç:Modifiye Florisile kovalent immobilize edilen üreazın serbest üreaza
göre düşük katalitik aktivite göstermesine rağmen, immobilize üreazın serbest üreaza
göre depolama kararlılığının yüksek olması ve biyoreaktör uygulamalarında
tekrar kullanılabilmesi nedeniyle immobilize üreazın kullanım potansiyeli
yüksektir.
Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin şiddet eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: KÖSE TOSUNÖZ İpek , ÖZTUNÇ Gürsel , ESKİMEZ Zehra , YEŞİL DEMİRCİ Pınar
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin şiddet eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapılan araştırmanın evrenini, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Bölümü’nde eğitim gören 1329 hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş, evrenin tümü örnekleme alınmış olup araştırma çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 789 hemşirelik öğrencisi (katılım oranı %59.3) ile tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin ve şiddet deneyimlerine ilişkin özelliklerinin sorgulandığı “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve şiddet eğilimlerini değerlendiren “Şiddet Eğilim Ölçeği (ŞEÖ)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 20.58±1.88’dir ve %68.9’u kadındır. Öğrencilerin ŞEÖ puan ortalamaları 38.79±9.32 olup, ŞEÖ’ye göre %71.1’i “Az” şiddet eğilimi göstermektedir. Öğrencilerin ŞEÖ puan ortalamaları ile sınıfları, cinsiyetleri, sigara ve alkol kullanımları, daha önce kendine ve bir başkasına şiddet uygulama ve şiddete uğrama durumları ile ŞEÖ arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda hemşirelik öğrencilerinin şiddet eğilimlerinin düşük olduğu; daha önce kendine, başkalarına şiddet uygulama ve şiddete uğrama gibi deneyimleri olan öğrencilerin şiddet eğilimlerinin, şiddet deneyimi olmayanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Effect of graduation centers on the academic career of orthopedic surgeons in Turkey
Authors: ÜÇPUNAR Hanifi , ÇAMURCU Yalkın , ÇÖBDEN Adem , ÖZCAN Seçkin , SAYGILI Hakan , SOFU Hakan
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess whether orthopedic surgeons’ graduation centers affect their academic career.Materials and Methods: In this observational study, we have reached the education and working information of 1767 orthopedic surgeons currently working in Turkey. Orthopedic surgeons’ graduation center and city, current affiliation, current academic status and duration of practice were investigated through the web. According to their graduation center, orthopedic surgeons were divided into two groups as a university hospital and training and research hospital. Results: Orthopaedic surgeons’ current affiliations were significantly associated with their graduation centres and cities. Besides, orthopaedic surgeons graduated from university hospitals were more likely to have an academic career than those graduated from training and research hospitals; however, no significant association was found between the city of graduation and academic career. According to regression analysis, orthopedic surgeons graduated from university hospitals were more likely to affiliate in university hospitals and private hospitals. Conclusion: Orthopedic surgeons graduated from university hospitals were significantly more likely to affiliate in university hospitals and to have an academic career in Turkey.
Ultrasound accelerated catheter directed thrombolysis for treatment of acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis without popliteal vein thrombosis: early and midterm results
Authors: KUBAT Emre , ÜNAL Celal Selçuk , KESKİN Aydın , ÇETİN Erdem
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Deep vein thrombosis is a life-threatening pathology which can lead to long-term morbidity due to post-thrombotic syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess early and midterm results of the patients undergoing ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis for the treatment of acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis without popliteal vein thrombosis.Materials and Methods: A total of 18 patients (11 males, 7 females; mean age: 51.89±16.29 years; range, 16 to 72 years) who were diagnosed with acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis between November 2014 and December 2015 were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Results:  Complete thrombolysis was successful in 88.9% (n=16) and in % 11.1 (n=2) patients with partial clot lysis. No pulmonary embolism was seen, while bleeding at the catheter-insertion site was observed in one patient. In another patient, underlying lesions were successfully treated with balloon angioplasty. No in-hospital mortality or severe complications were observed. The mean follow-up was 31.56±3.35 (range, 25 to 37 months). Ultrasound findings of all the patients were evaluated by a single experienced radiologist. Duplex ultrasound was performed at one month, six months, one year, and two years following intervention and the iliac vein patency rate was found to be 100%, while superficial femoral vein insufficiency was in 5.6% (n=1), 11.1% (n=2), 16.2% (n=3), and 16.2% (n=3), respectively.Conclusion: Based on our findings, ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis is a safe and effective method for carefully selected patients with acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis without popliteal vein thrombosis
Detection of CAG trinucleotide repeat numbers with fragment analysis in patients diagnosed with Huntington’s disease and in their families
Authors: ALPTEKİN Davut , PAZARCI Perçin , BEREKETOĞLU Mehmet Ali , ERKOÇ Mehmet Ali , ILGAZ Nermin Seda , LÜLEYAP Ümit
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Huntington's Disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant disorder affecting nervous system. CAG trinucleotide repeat (TNR) increase in Huntingtin gene causes the disease. In normal individuals, 10-35 TNRs are found whereas in HD this number exceeds 36-37. This study aimed to investigate TNR numbers in individuals with HD diagnosed family and to provide genetic counselling for individuals with abnormal alleles.Materials and Methods: Subjects consist of family members of a male who died at age of 60 due to HD. Randomly selected 57 healthy individuals are also analysed for control. TNR numbers were determined by fragment analysis.Results: TNR numbers of family members were determined as 17, 21, 23, 25, 33, 36 and 39. TNR numbers of randomly selected healthy people were found below 26. Individuals with 33 and 36 TNRs were considered as risk groups. Individuals with 39 TNRs were considered as HD patients.Conclusion: Since some subjects had 39 TNRs, it was emphasized that these people should be under physician control. Prenatal diagnosis is recommended to those who plan to have children. In addition, subjects with 33 and 36 CAG trinucleotide repeats are advised to inform new generations about HD and that they may be affected in future.
Eklem dışı distal tibia kırıklarının (AO-43A) tedavisinde intramedüller çivi ve minimal invaziv perkütan plak osteosentez uygulamalarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÖZER Mustafa , KESİK Kayhan , BAŞBUĞ Veysel , TÜRKMEN Faik , KAÇIRA Burkay Kutluhan , KORUCU İsmail Hakkı , ÇOLAK Tahsin Sami , MEMİK Recep
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı eklem uzanımı olmayan distal tibia kırıklarının tedavisinde intramedüller çivi (İMÇ) ve minimal invaziv perkütan plak osteosentez (MİPPO) uygulamaları sonuçlarının karşılaştırılmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2016 ve Nisan 2017 tarihleri arasında eklem uzanımı olmayan distal tibia kırığı nedeniyle İMÇ uygulanan 38 hasta ve MİPPO uygulanan 31 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Ortalama takip süresi 20,12±3,93 aydı. Hastalarda; yaş, cinsiyet, taraf, yaralanma mekanizması, açık kırık varlığı, fibula kırığı varlığı, kaynama oranları, enfeksiyon oranları, Olerud-Molander ayak bileği skoru (OMAS) ve dizilim bozuklukları değerlendirilerek gruplar arasında karşılaştırma yapıldı.  Bulgular:  İMÇ uygulanan grupta; eşlik eden fibula kırığı oranı %18.4 bulunurken, %7.9 fibula kırığına yönelik plak uygulanmıştı. MİPPO uygulanan grupta ise eşlik eden fibula kırığı oranı %58 hastada bulunurken, %54.8 fibula kırığına yönelik plak uygulanmıştı. Cerrahi sonrası 6. ayda kaynama oranı İMÇ uygulanan grupta % 92,1 olarak bulunurken, MİPPO uygulanan grupta % 90,3 olarak bulundu. Takip OMAS skoru İMÇ uygulanan grupta 85±16.56 olarak bulunurken, MİPPO uygulanan grupta 84.19±17.08 olarak bulundu.Sonuç: Çalışmamız; eklem uzanımı olmayan distal tibia kırıklarında, İMÇ ve MİPPO uygulamalarının birbirine belirgin bir üstünlüğünün olmadığını, her iki tekniğin düşük komplikasyon, yüksek kaynama oranları ve iyi fonksiyonel sonuçlar ile başarılı bir şekilde uygulanabileceğini desteklemektedir.
Prevalence, treatment and complications of mandibular fractures
Authors: TÜKEL Hüseyin Can , BENLİDAYI Mehmet Emre
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review and analyze the prevalence, treatment, and complications of mandibular fractures managed by the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Çukurova University between March 2015 and March 2017Materials and Methods: Mandibular fractures were sorted by etiology and fracture location. Open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular fractures were performed using 2.0mm or 2.4mm fixation systems. Closed reduction of fractures was performed using arch bars, intermaxillary fixation screws or wire-composite splints. The following complications were recorded: Temporary paresthesia, permanent paresthesia, malocclusion, infection, temporomandibular joint disorder, plate exposure and root damage.Results: The mean patient age was 32.8±(13.8). Males constituted 77.4%(n=65) and females constituted 22.6%(n=19) of the patients. The most common cause of mandibular fractures in this study was interpersonal violence (27 cases,32.1%), followed by road traffic accidents(22 cases, 26.2%) and falls(21 cases,25%). The least common cause of fractures was sports accident(6 cases,7.1%). The most common fracture localization was the condyle(27,24.5%), followed by the angle (24,21.8%), body (19,17.3%), symphysis/parasymphysis (18, 16.4%) and alveolar bone (17,15.5%). Fifty patients were treated by ORIF (59.5%), 29 patients were treated by closed reduction (34.5%). Complications in varying severity were observed in 25(29.7%) patients. The most common complication in this study was temporary paresthesia(13.1%) followed by TMD(6.0%). Other complications were seen infrequently.Conclusion: It is important to follow contemporary trends to understand how different centers manage their patients in different socio-economic regions and different levels of clinical facilities/resources. The incidence and causes of mandibular fractures may reflect the trauma patterns within the community, which is important for conducting better health policy strategies.
Endothelin-1 levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after vasospasm following spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: BİLGİN Emre , OKTAY Kadir , OLGUNER Semih Kıvanç , ÇAVUŞ Gökhan , AÇIK Vedat , ARSLAN Ali , TUNA Metin
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to
analyse endothelin-1 levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples in
patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage and evaluated the effects on vasospasm.

Material and
Methods: The patients were
selected among those who referred to intensive care unit of neurosurgery
department within several hours following subarachnoid
haemorrhage. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
was diagnosed through cerebral computed
tomography and lumbar punction. First neurological examinations of the
patients were evaluated according to Hunt-Hess classification and the blood
quantity was detected by cerebral computed
tomography according to Fisher classification.

Results: Serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples of 20 patients enrolled into the
present study were collected at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Ten individuals
without any vascular diseases, nervous system trauma or inflammatory disease
were enrolled into the study as the control group. Samples were analyzed
through micro-ELISA method and endothelin-1 levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were detected. According
to Hunt-Hess classification, 6 patients were evaluated as Stage I, 10 patients
as Stage II, 2 patients as Stage III and 2 patients as Stage IV. Seventeen
patients were detected as Stage II whereas 3 patients were Stage IV according to
Fisher classification. Vasospasm was detected in cases 3, 6, 11 and 18 by
digital subtraction angiography.

Conclusion: It was determined
that as the Fisher and Hunt-Hess classifications increased, the risk of
cerebral vasospasm increased. The present study revealed that endothelin-1
levels increase after subarachnoid
haemorrhage and Endothelin-1 particularly may play an important role in
the vasospasm following spontaneous subarachnoid
haemorrhage.
NF-Kappa B expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma
Authors: TUNÇEL Deniz , BAYOL N. Ümit
Published: February 2019

Purpose: In this study we investigated the expression of the p65 subunit of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB)  complex and  the activation status of NF-kB by phospho-IkB-alpha antibody.Materials and Methods: A tissue microarray based on material obtained from 107 patients was utilized. The antibody staining was scored by combining staining intensity with percentage of tumor staining. The antibodies used were NF-kB p65 and phospho-IkB-alpha(ser32/36), both from Cell Signaling Technology. The staining scores were correlated with the archival data available on some patients on margin and lymph node status, stage, tumor size, as well as clinical data including survival.Results: The staining was nuclear (p65) and cytoplasmic (p-IkBalpha) respectively. In general there was an increased expression and activation of NF-kB in the carcinomas, compared to non-tumoral regions. None of the markers had a significant correlation with the overall survival. NF-kB(p65) expression had a correlation with positive lymph node status.Conclusion: The correlation with the positive lymph node status suggests a role in invasive properties of the tumor. Activation of NF-kB is most likely an early event in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Despite the lack of an effect on overall survival, due to its increased activation in pancreatic cancer, NF-kB is still a good target for therapeutic interventions.
Factors affecting the quality of life among pregnant women during third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: DAĞLAR Gülseren , BİLGİÇ Dilek , AYDIN ÖZKAN Semiha
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the quality of life pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study group of this cross-sectional research comprise of the pregnant women resident in a province center in Central Anatolia. 12 neighborhoods were chosen using simple random sampling method and the pregnancy registries of the selected neighborhoods available in Family Health Centers were used. The study was performed via home visits and the research sample consisted of 742 pregnant women. “Personal Information Form” and “Quality of Life Scale” were used for data collection. Results: The physical, psychological, social and environmental field scores of the pregnant women were respectively 13.8 ± 2.5; 14.5 ± 2.3; 14.6 ± 2.8 and 14.8 ± 2.2. 13.1%, 15.9%, 10.4% and 17.4% of the pregnant women were found to have low physical, psychological, social and environmental domain quality of life sub-dimensions, respectively. Conclusion: During the third trimester of pregnancy, life qualities of pregnant women are affected by their perception of health condition, educational level, the number of gestations and deliveries they have undergone, their perception of fiscal situation, and their preparedness for parenthood.
Treatment outcomes of early stage endometrial cancer patients: single center experience
Authors: SEDEF Ali Murat , KARADUMAN Didem , BESEN Ali Ayberk , MERTSOYLU Hüseyin , KÖSE Fatih
Published: February 2019

Purpose:Endometrium cancers are the most common
gynecological cancer type in women. Surgery is the standard treatment for women
with early stage endometrial cancer patients. The adjuvant treatment of early
stage endometrial cancer is based on the risk and expected type (local vs
systemic) of relapse. In this study, we evaluated clinicopathological
characteristics and treatment outcomes of endometrial cancer patients in our
center.Materials and Methods:This study was a hospital-based retrospective
observational case-series study. 116 patients were included in the study from Baskent University Department of Medical
Oncology and Gynecological Oncology between the years of 2009-2015. De-novo metastatic
patients were not included in the study. Results:The
median age of the patients was 58 (range 27-81) years. All of patients had
European Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 0 (n:116). Endometrioid
histology was the most common histopathological subtype (n:103, 88%). All
of the patients were in local and local advanced stage. The
significant percentage of patients had grade 2 tumor (n:55, 47.4%). Myometrial
invasion was less than 50% in 78 patients (67.2 %). The median follow-up time
was 61 months and 8 (6.9%) patients died. All patients underwent standard
surgical staging with standard lymphadenectomy. Overall survival (OS) was not
reached. There were 14 patients (12.1 %) and 34 patients (29.3 %) treated with
adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, respectively.Conclusion:Though endometrial cancer is the most common
gynecological tumors in women, cure rate is very high. Relapse rate was 6 % (7
patients) and most of the relapse were local, 71.4% (5 patients).
Hybrid peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Authors: KILIÇ BAĞIR Emine , AÇIKALIN Arbil , GÖNLÜŞEN Gülfiliz , ZORLUDEMİR Suzan , DEVECİ Mehmet Ali
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients formerly diagnosed as neurofibroma and schwannoma in terms of hybrid peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) via histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 115 patients formerly diagnosed as either neurofibroma or schwannoma were re-evaluated histopathologically. Among these patients, 32 cases which showed mixed morphology, suspicious for hybrid PNST were included in the study. Immunohistochemically, S100, CD34, EMA and ki67 were performed to these 32 cases, suspicious for hybrid PNST.Results: Based on histopathology, 32 of 115 (27.8%) cases were suspicious for hybrid PNST. By the addition of immunohistochemical staining results; 22 of 32 cases were definitely diagnosed as hybrid PNST; of which 18 (81.8%) as schwannoma-neurofibroma and, 4 (18.2%) cases as schwannoma-perineurioma. Conclusion: Hybrid PNSTs are usually benign and have distinct histopathologic and immunohistochemistry findings. In the literature, rare case reports have described local recurrence and malignant transformation in hybrid PNSTs.  Therefore, further studies are needed to demonstrate the pathogenetic and prognostic significance of these tumors. Because of the risk of recurrence and malignancy potential, these tumors should be kept in mind in diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
POLICY DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS APPLICATION AND CONTENTS SERVICE PROVIDERS ON DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM THROUGH OVER THE TOP
Authors: Setiawan Ahmad Budi
Published: February 2019

Increased use of smartphones and the availability of wireless broadband have encouraged the use of Internet-based platforms and services that often compete with similar services based on longer technology. For example services such as Facebook, Skype, and WhatsApp that offer voice or video calls over the Internet compete with traditional SMS and voice calls through telecommunications networks. Such a platform has gained popularity especially in developing countries because calling via the internet is much cheaper than making calls on telecommunications networks. These online applications and services change the traditional sector and change the landscape of the market economy. The increasing popularity of applications and services, often referred to by telecommunications regulators as "Over-the-Top" (OTT) services, brings new regulatory challenges to the government. Regulatory strategies are needed to be able to continue to develop digital ecosystems in Indonesia. This study is carried out qualitatively through literature studies. The output of this study produced recommendations for policies related to application service policies and content on digital ecosystems through the internet (Over The Top).
Out of Bounds: A Critical Race Theory Perspective on ‘Pay for Play’
Authors: Brown Kevin , Williams Antonio
Published: February 2019

Under the amateur/education model, the amount that colleges and universities can provide to their student/athletes is limited to the athlete’s cost of attending their institution. While this model makes sense for most college sports, NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision and Division I men’s basketball tend to generate almost all the revenue to fund their institution’s entire athletic programs, as well as the revenues received by the NCAA. Added to this is the realization that a majority of the elite athletes in these two revenue-generating sports are black. Thus, as revenues generated by these sports has escalated, a contentious debate has raged for over 30 years about the potential racial exploitation of the application of the amateur/education model to these two sports. Both sides of this debate tend to see the issue of racial exploitation in terms of dividing the revenues between the athletes or the NCAA and its member institutions. Either the institutions receive more of the funds to use as they see fit or more of the revenues are provided to the athletes—probably at the expense of the amateur/education model. This article attempts to reformulate this debate about racial exploitation by focusing on the interest of the entire Black community, not just the interest of the elite black male athletes. By taking the Black community’s perspective, a different view of the issue of racial exploitation and, more importantly, potential solutions to the dilemma emerge. In order to counteract the charge that the amateur/education model is potentially racially exploitive, the NCAA and its member institutions could also institute and fund massive programs that would increase the college attendance and graduation rates for the entire Black community. Admittedly, these programs would have to be tailored in such a way as not to run afoul of the current interpretations of anti-discrimination laws, but that is possible.
Cross-Border Regulations: Exploring Legal Considerations in the United States of Nonprofit Sport Organizations Engaged in International Charitable Work
Authors: Svensson Per G. , Moorman Anita M.
Published: February 2019

The number of organizations involved in the use of sport as a means for addressing different social issues continues to grow at a fast pace. This increasingly includes nonprofit charitable sport organizations registered in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to examine legal considerations related to how domestic and foreign nonprofit entities navigate U.S. laws and regulations impacting their international sport for development (SFD) efforts. This includes the following: (a) an analysis of the legal limitations on domestic nonprofits involved in foreign activities, (b) an evaluation of relevant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) regulations and rulings related to cross-border giving from U.S. domestic charities, and (c) implications for foreign and domestic organizations operating or supporting SFD programs abroad. Findings from this analysis enhance our understanding of legal aspects in the SFD space. Furthermore, the information presented is also intended to serve as a resource guide for SFD practitioners.
A Content Analysis of the Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport: 1992-2016
Authors: Miller John J. , Gillentine Andy , Olinger Andrew , Vogt Sara
Published: February 2019

As the flagship journal of the Sport and Recreation Law Association, the Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport (JLAS) serves “…as an interdisciplinary outlet for legal issues in the sport, recreation, and related fields to meet the needs of researchers, academicians, practitioners, and policymakers” (About JLAS, para. 2). A study by Batista and Pittman (2006) identified JLAS as the most highly ranked sport law journal among journals focusing on sport management. Articles appearing in the Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport have informed court decisions and case outcomes, policy decisions and debate on limited liability legislation, health and safety issues, and universal access to sport opportunities (Spengler & Miller, 2014). Additionally, JLAS articles have been cited in journals published in a variety of countries including India, China, Australia, France, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Spain (Spengler & Miller, 2014). These inclusions indicate that the Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport has had some degree of success in attaining international recognition and appeal. Although JLAS has been published since 1992, a complete formal analysis of the content has never been conducted. A content analysis of JLAS may provide critical information regarding the diversity of topics covered, the specific research types utilized, demographic information regarding the authors published, and perhaps identify any gaps that may exist in the current literature base. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a content analysis of articles published in the Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport (JLAS) from 1992-2016.
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR FUSION REACTOR STRUCTURES
Authors: ŞAHİN Sümer
Published: February 2019

Fusion energy is the ultimate energy to cover Mankind’s energy needs
forever. However, taming the fusion energy is the greatest technological
challenge the humanity is facing. Development of structural materials to
withstand against the extreme conditions in the course of fusion power plant
operation is one of the toughest nuts to be cracked. A great number of
structural materials have been investigated for fusion reactor applications,
such as steels (austenitic stainless steels and ferritic/martensitic steels),
vanadium alloys, refractory metals and alloys (niobium alloys, tantalum alloys,
chromium and chromium alloys, molybdenum alloys, tungsten and tungsten alloys),
and composites (SiCf/SiC and Carbon Fibre Composite CFC composites). Steels have extensive technological data base and significantly
lower cost compared to other refractory metals and alloys. Ferritic steels and
modified austenitic stainless (Ni and Mo free) have relatively low residual
radioactivity. However, steels cannot withstand high neutron wall loads to
build an economically competitive fusion reactor. Some refractory metals and
alloys (niobium alloys, tantalum alloys, molybdenum alloys, tungsten and
tungsten alloys) can withstand high neutron wall loads. But, in addition to
their very limited technological data base, they have high residual
radioactivity and prohibitively high production costs.

A protective, flowing liquid
zone to protect the first wall of a fusion reactor from direct exposure to the
fusion reaction products could extend the lifetime of the first wall to the
expected lifetime of the fusion reactor. In that context, a fusion-fission (hybrid) with a multi-layered
spherical blanket has been investigated, which is composed of a first wall made
of oxide dispersed steel (ODS, 2 cm); neutron multiplier and coolant zone made
of LiPb; ODS-separator (2 cm); a molten salt FLIBE coolant and fission zone;
ODS-separator (2 cm); graphite reflector. Calculations are conducted for a liquid wall with variable thickness,
containing Flibe + heavy metal salt (UF4 or ThF4) is used
for first wall protection. The content of heavy metal salt is chosen as 4 and
12 mol%. A flowing wall with a thickness of ~ 60 cm can extend the lifetime of
the solid first wall structure to a plant lifetime of 30 years for 9Cr–2WVTa
and V–4Cr–4Ti, whereas the SiCf/SiC composite as first wall needs a
flowing wall with a thickness of ~ 85 cm to maintain the radiation damage
limit.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE
Authors: KÖTEN Hasan
Published: February 2019

Compelling emission regulations and diesel engines damage on
environment have led researchers to work on alternative fuels such as LPG and
hydrogen in recent years. Diesel engine costs are also increasing, especially
on the increased costs of after-treatment equipment used in diesel engines. It
is also known that diesel engines release NOx and smoke emissions,
which are highly harmful to the environment and to the living health. The
effect of the emissions of LPG + H2 (0%, 15%, 30% and 45%) with
different energy contents at full load and same torque (70 Nm) at constant
engine speed of 1200 rpm is investigated on CO, THC, NOx and Smoke
emissions. From the results obtained, there was a slight increase in brake
thermal efficiency, CO and THC emissions. However, significant improvement in
NOx and smoke emissions has been achieved. The results show that
using LPG + H2 in diesel engines, older technology and lower cost
after-treatment equipment can be used, and that NOx and smoke
emissions of diesel engines can be reduced significantly. Also, using small
amount of hydrogen (20% of total gas mixture) and LPG, an important improvement
can be achieved, and the harmful effects of diesel engines can be suppressed
thanks to unique properties of hydrogen fuel.
Prediction of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using umbilical cord blood bilirubin
Authors: Haridas Kiran , Shinde Rajendra , Belavadi Gangadhar
Published: February 2019

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem among newborns.  Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia has a potential complication of kernicterus which is still seen in many newborns. In present study authors used umbilical cord blood bilirubin to predict the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia in the early neonatal period. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between concentration of bilirubin in the cord blood and occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns.Methods: In this prospective study authors included 500 term healthy consecutively born babies whose umbilical cord blood was collected and were followed up for first 7 days for the appearance of jaundice. The clinical assessment of jaundice was done by Kramer rule. The data was analyzed by using SPSS 17 statistical software.Results: Study found that umbilical cord blood bilirubin was 90% sensitive and 87% specific with a PPV of 75% and NPV of 92% in predicting significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Conclusions: The study conducted clearly points that the use of cord blood bilirubin for identifying newborns at risk of hyperbilirubinemia helps in early detection and treatment of jaundice. There by preventing the potential complication kernicterus. This method is economical and socially acceptable. Hence cord blood bilirubin should be done on all healthy term newborns.
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid as a risk factor for perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Mehta Vidhi , E. Adarsh , . Spoorthi , . Archana , Hassan Muhammed
Published: February 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to find out immediate fetal outcome in meconium-stained amniotic fluid in relation to perinatal asphyxia.Methods: This retrospective study includes medical records of all neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) between December 2016 and July 2018. The variables reviewed are age, sex, weight, mode of delivery, gestational age, presence of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) and perinatal asphyxia.Results: Out of 408 total admissions in NICU, 69.1% were male babies and remaining 30.9% were female babies. In the study out of 36 subjects with Perinatal Asphyxia, 38.9% had MAS and 61.1% had not MAS. Out of 372 subjects without perinatal asphyxia, 93.8% had no MAS and 6.2% had MAS. There was significant association between MAS and perinatal asphyxia. Odds ratio was 9.656. i.e. those with MAS had 9.656 times higher risk for perinatal asphyxia.Conclusions: The management of MAS, which is a perinatal problem, requires a well concerted and coordinated action by the obstetrician and pediatrician. Prompt and efficient delivery room management can minimize the sequelae of aspirated meconium and decrease the chance of perinatal asphyxia in the new born babies.
Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition among children: a cross sectional study
Authors: K. R. Venkatesha , Naik R. Ravikumar
Published: February 2019

Background: In the world, hunger and malnutrition are most significant threat. Malnutrition is global risk factor for significant death among infants and pregnant woman. malnutrition increases the chances of several infections.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in children age group of 1 to 18 years, suffering from protein energy malnutrition, attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2016 to December 2016. Results: In the present study, maximum number of cases (44) belongs to age group of 1-5 years, followed by 32 cases belongs to 6-12-year age group and 24 cases belong to 13-18-year age group. Maximum cases (59) belongs to female with male female ratio is 1:1.4. In the present study out of 100 cases, 81 cases came positive for protein energy malnutrition. Out of 81 cases positive for PEM, 34 cases belong to grade I followed by 24 cases belongs to grade II, 13 cases belong to grade III and 1o cases belongs to grade IV protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).Conclusions: Malnutrition is like an iceberg, most people in the developing countries live under the burden of malnutrition.
Prospective study of spectrum, clinico-epidemiology, profile complication and outcome of pesticide poisoning in children
Authors: Rao K. Visweswara , Ramesh G. , Acharya Anand
Published: February 2019

Background: Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh is a rural area having well irrigated lands and rice fields. Agriculture is the major some of income, and pesticide use is high.  As per one report of deccan chronicle (a daily newspaper) Andhra Pradesh and Telangana accounts for 24% share of pesticide consumption in the country. Pediatric pesticide poisoning is under reported in India as well. In this background resent study has been designed to study clinic-epidemiology, profile, complication and treatment outcome of pesticide poisoning in Konaseema region of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: In present study clinico-epidemiology, clinical profile, complication and outcome of the patient admitted in the Department of Emergency medicine and Paediatric were evaluated over a period of 12years.Results: Most of the children were above 5years of age that is 74.0% (n=40), rest were below 5years of age. Male children out numbered female children and accounted for 77.78% (n=42). Accidental poisoning was more than suicidal poisoning that is 94.59% of the patients. 9.35% patient (n=5) developed respiratory failure and required ventilator support. Non-carcinogenic pulmonary edema was present in 8 (14.81%) patients. Four patients have atropine toxicity, electrolyte in balance was found in 7.4% (n=4) patients. Acute kidney injury was present in two patients, 5.5% (n=3) patients developed cardiac arrhythmia.Conclusions: Chlorpyrifos was common agent which is responsible for poisoning most common complication in our patients were respiratory complications which required ventilatory support. Lack of information, improper disposal of container, non-existence of training and regulation is supported to the cause of accidental exposure of pesticide to paediatric patients.