bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО- КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПОДГОТОВКИ БУДУЩИХ УЧИТЕЛЕЙ МУЗЫКИ
Authors:   к.п.н., старший преподаватель Кызылординского университета имени Коркыт Ата, Казахстан, Макашева М. С. , Палымбетова А. Б. ,   преподаватель Кызылординского университета имени Коркыт Ата, Казахстан
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the use of information and communication technologies in the process of instrumental training of music teachers based on distance learning. The analysis of comparing and matching different viewpoints of modern teachers from the USA, Russia and Kazakhstan, who explore the issues regarding the use of information and communication technologies in the process of individual music lessons in the context of distance learning, was carried out. The practical guidelines for the use of information and communication technologies in the process of distance learning were developed to improve the performing skills of the future music teacher. Based on the applied research on the use of distance learning in the process of training specialists and practical work in the field of musical and performing pedagogy, the pedagogical terms for the use of information and communication technologies were determined. The analysis of the application possibilities was carried out and the pedagogical terms for the use of information and communication technologies in the training of future music teachers were suggested in this article.
ІННОВАЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ САНАТОРНО-КУРОРТНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ: ПРОБЛЕМИ, ВАРІАНТИ РІШЕНЬ, ОСВІТА
Authors:   доктор медичних наук, професор, Одеська національна академія харчових технологій, м. Одеса, Україна, Стрікаленко Т. В. , Д'яконова А. К. ,   доктор технічних наук, професор, Одеська національна академія харчових технологій, м. Одеса, Україна, Коротич О. М. ,   викладач, Одеська національна академія харчових технологій, м. Одеса, Україна
Published: March 2021

Development of the concept «health for healthy» in sanatoria of Ukraine, and also programs of sanatorium prevention, recovery treatment and medical rehabilitation, creation and introduction of regional programs of development of resorts demand introduction of innovative methods of conducting recreational business of rest and improvement. In this article questions are considered of introduction of some innovative methods which underline relevance of a problem of continuous training of experts of the industry of hospitality, corrections of programs of teaching some subjects for future workers of hotel and restaurant business are considered.
KEY ASPECTS OF USING NUMERICAL METHODS IN THE MECHANISM OF INVESTMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
Authors: Hamaili Akram
Published: March 2021

In today's realities of investment activities, small and medium enterprises are faced with the dilemma of choosing areas of investment of monetary and non-monetary resources. Determining the feasibility of a particular investment is based on the use of appropriate mathematical apparatus and economic-mathematical models. The article considers some of the most important aspects of the use of numerical methods in the mechanism of investment of small and medium enterprises, developed on the basis of research on the development of such economic entities. The logical basis of the proposed methods is a proven division of the term of operation of enterprises into several stages of the life cycle, which differ significantly in the characteristics of incoming and outgoing cash flows. It is proposed to determine the absolute expediency of founding small and medium enterprises by calculating the probabilistic values of profitability of the enterprise based on the calculation of the area of geometric shapes limited by the functions of income and expenses during all stages of the life cycle. It is proved that such calculations are expedient by calculating the indefinite integral and applying the Newton-Leibniz formula.With regard to the functions that characterize the income and expenses of small and medium enterprises throughout their existence, the article proves that the most optimal in this case is the use of production functions. Among the whole set of existing production functions, we have identified the most optimal for the task Cobb-Douglas production function, CES production function, Linear production function, Leontief production function, adapted to the conditions of the microlevel. To calculate the elementary areas limited by the corresponding production functions, the article examines the relevant existing methods. Studies have been conducted on the possibility of using to calculate the areas limited by the production functions of income and expenses of small and medium enterprises during each stage of the life cycle, the methods of rectangles, trapezoids and parabolas. It is determined that they have limited conditions for use due to the need to divide the time period of operation of enterprises at intervals that do not coincide with the stages of the life cycle. Therefore, studies were continued, as a result of which it was proved that the most optimal method of calculating the elementary areas limited by the target functions of income and expenditure of small and medium enterprises is the Gaussian method with different variations.
What Opportunities Do New Technologies Bring About for Price Statistics?
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Bessonov Vladimir
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses new opportunities for Russian price statistics that present-day information and communication technologies bring about. The paper is a response to the study Isakov et al. (2021) dedicated to the effort of developing a toolset to build a price quotation database through automated internet data collection and construction of consumer price indexes based on it. Discussed are the potential implications of this activity for price statistics.
SOME ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE BACHELORS OF TOURISM AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Maslennikova Svetlana Fedorovna
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the specifics of training future specialists in the travel industry at the Ural State University of Economics. The role of the analysis of tourist resources in studying the course "Geography and culture of tourist destinations" is shown on the example of acquaintance with the history, culture, and art of the Netherlands.
The problems of reconstruction of the mediaeval Russian wooden fortifications
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology RAS, V. Koval’
Published: March 2021

In the attempts to reconstruct fortifications of mediaeval towns of Rus’, often examples of the wooden defences of the 17th century or earthen ramparts of the 18th–19th century (redoubts, schanzen) are used. However, during the mediaeval epoch, Russian towns had fortifications with wooden walls filled with earth. This was established owing to the application of modern archaeological methods. Therefore it seems inadmissible to use later examples for reconstruc- tion of earlier structures.
Russian epigraphy after Latyshev (1921–1941). I. Ceramic stamps
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, N. Pavlichenko
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the history of studying ceramic stamps in Russia within the two pre-war decades of 1921–1941. It was during this period that ceramic stamps of two North Black Sea manufacturing centres, i.e. Herakleia Pontike and Sinope, were identified and the data were collected for IOSPE. vol. III which is the basis of modern investigations on ceramic epigraphy in Russia and abroad.
Use of Linezolid in the treatment of surgical infectious complications under antibiotic resistance
Authors: Nazarchuk O A , Vitkovskiy V L , Babina Yu M
Published: March 2021

Linezolid – a first representative of the new class of synthetic antibiotics oxazolidones. Its antibacterial spectrum includes Gram-positive microorganisms, including multi-resistant strains. Its unique mechanism of action conditions absence of cross-resistance with other antibiotics. This drug is presented in peroral and parenteral forms. Unlike vancomycin, it has optimal pharmacokinetic profile. Linezolid was approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2000 for the treatment of the following diseases: hospital- and community-acquired pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections with or without complications caused by Gram-positive bacteria, vancomycin-resistant enterococci and pneumococcal meningitis, caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Scratches on our sovereignty?
Authors: Vivekanandan Jayashree
Published: March 2021

English Abstract: The article critically examines the conservation politics in a transboundary protected area (TBPA) in South Asia, the Sundarbans mangrove forests in Bangladesh and India. It explores the reasons why, despite collaborative measures by the two states, conservation has largely tended to conform to sovereignty practices, making it top-down and exclusionary. This makes the very demarcation of territory for protected areas an intensely political act with significant implications for social equity. The article examines the cultural politics of conservation since contestations to state power have often entailed the articulation of popular sovereignty in the Sundarbans. It argues that the social sustainability of conservation will critically hinge on how issues of resource access and governance are framed, negotiated, and addressed.

Spanish Abstract: El artículo examina críticamente la política de conservación en el Área Protegida Transfronteriza (APT): los Sundarbans en Bangladesh e India. Explora por qué, a pesar de la colaboración bilateral, la conservación ha tendido en gran medida a ajustarse a prácticas de soberanía vertical y excluyente. La sola demarcación territorial de las APT, se convierte en un fuerte acto político con implicaciones signifi cativas en la equidad social. El artículo examina la política cultural de la conservación, ya que las protestas al poder del Estado a menudo tienen implicaciones en la articulación de la soberanía popular en los Sundarbans. Argumenta que la sostenibilidad social de la conservación dependerá fundamentalmente de cómo se enmarquen, negocien y aborden las cuestiones de acceso a los recursos y su gobernanza.

French Abstract: L’article analyse de manière critique la politique de conservation dans une aire protégée transfrontalière (APT) en Asie du sud, la forêt des mangroves des Sundarbans au Bangladesh et en Inde. Il explore les raisons pour lesquelles, malgré les instruments de coopération entre les deux États, la conservation a adopté des pratiques de souveraineté étatique qui l’ont rendue erticale et exclusive. La démarcation du territoire des aires protégées est un acte profondément politique qui a des implications en matière d´égalité sociale. L’article examine la politique de conservation à travers des actes contestaires vis-à-vis du pouvoir étatique qui ont souvent favorisé une articulation de la souveraineté populaire dans les Sundarbans. Il met en évidence que la durabilité sociale de la conservation dépend de l’encadrement, de la négociation et de la promotion des thèmes d’accès aux ressources et de la gouvernance.
Latin America
Authors: Vivares Ernesto
Published: March 2021

This article contends that the prospects of regionalism in Latin America are highly uncertain. In the light of the inequality that has historically characterized the region, the commodity-oriented dependence, and the political instability, the region will not be able to face the future without cooperation. This article argues that Latin America must aim at pragmatic and non-ideological cooperation to focus on regional development. To reach that goal, the article discusses how both the traditional development formulas of neoliberalism and neodevelopmentalism have been unable to deliver consistent responses to the current regional problems in the face of COVID-19 and the changing global order.
ASYMMETRIES IN RESPONSE TO SHOCKS IN PRICE SETTING: FIRM-LEVEL EVIDENCE FROM SURVEY BASED DATA
Authors: Iqbal Nadeem , Amin Amjad , Alam Danish Wadood
Published: March 2021

The objective of the paper is to estimate the asymmetric response of firms for prices to supply and demand shocks. Firms give an asymmetric response to supply and demand shocks while setting at a price, and the prices are upward flexible and downward rigid to changes in the determinants. Asymmetric response to the cost of raw material is highest. Moreover, the seasonal factors have the lowest degree of asymmetric response. Firms give an asymmetric response to different shocks, with respect to a price increase and decrease, and across variables of demand-side and supply side. The central bank has to focus more on stabilization in response to supply shocks than to demand shocks because supply shocks are found more important than demand shocks to change the prices of firms. Measures should be taken to prevent the possible effects of adverse supply shocks.
Child Labour Efforts Success or Failure and their Implications for a Country Like Pakistan
Authors: Jahan Rifat , Rashid Khalid
Published: March 2021

Child labor existence dates back to the history of mankind; it took various forms and instances over the twitch of time. The worst-hit are the African peninsula and underdeveloped countries of the world, especially South Asia. At the micro-level, Pakistan, India, Iran, Bangladesh are the worst affected. The government of these countries have taken certain initiatives since the malice of child labor is associated with multiple factors, so the success rate is not satisfactory to the level aspired. These initiatives have been taken up in collaboration with ILO, UNESCO, UNICEF, OECD, which managed to develop the bodies at provincial and further lower levers but want of coordination lack of zeal and capacity didn't make the projects a real success. A project in the name of Combating Abusive Child Labour II has been taken up to know the success or otherwise of it. It is a qualitative study based on reports and documentary analysis.
Evaluation of Ethnicity and Issues of Political Development in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Akbar Muqarrab , Furqan Kanwar Muhammad Yasir , Yaseen Hafsa
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research is to evaluate ethnicity and its impact on the political structure of Punjab, Pakistan. This topic was required by the subverting tendencies of the circumstances that, in reality, endanger the survival of the minority groups in Punjab. In order to upgrade provincial political development, the facets that proliferate its existence in policies and hold it can be abolished. They have not yielded any efficacious outcomes in spite of elucidation that has been consistently provided. Subsequently, they need to search for a more practical alternative by focusing on the divisions that are present in ethnic societies. Ethnic democracy should be present that is a governmental system that links the ethnic groups to their democratic and political rights. Quantitative research was used in this research article. The researcher collected the data by distributing questionnaire among people. For future research, this research concludes with a debate of recommendations.
Racist Contextualization of the N-Word in Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God
Authors: Aftab Rizwan , Aqeel Asim , Ahmad Mumtaz
Published: March 2021

With Roger Fowler's theory of 'linguistic construction', this study specifically analyses the use of the N-word (nigger) within Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God, its contextual use and the function it plays within the context and sequence of events in the delimited fiction. The N-word, which is considered highly sensitive in American society, especially in the context of African Americans, is analyzed within the immediate context of event and situation in which characters are engaged, depending on who is talking to whom, when and where, and with what purpose in mind. The entire communicative event of the N-word is also placed within the global context to fully situate the event and locate the function of the N-word within and outside the literary text and its use and interpretation in global contexts. This contextual study of Their Eyes Was Watching God argues how the highly sensitive racist words are euphemized through N-word. For this purpose, this study employs linguistic analysis by focusing on delimited text form, meaning, and use within the local and global contexts.
Portrayal of Families in Prime Time Urdu Drama
Authors: Khan Rooh Ul Amin , Ahsan Ul Haq  , Jamal Ud Din
Published: March 2021

The current study was conducted to analyze the portrayal of families in Urdu drama serials right from the start of television drama to 2016. The Urdu drama serial period was divided in to two eras, pre-cable era and cable era. Through the lens of cultivation theory, message system analysis was done of Urdu drama serial for more than five decades. It was hypothesized that pre-cable era will depict more extended families and cable-era depict more nuclear families. The finding of study revealed that our assumption was not supportive and more nuclear families were found in both the eras. Similarly, the other important variable was sibling in pre-cable and cable era. Maximum dramas showed only two to three children in families of both the eras. More diversity of culture was found in terms of family depiction in pre-cable era, and more homogenous and urban elite class was found in cable era.
Shift in Style with the Shift of Gender: Exploring Gender Based Style Differences in ESL Writing.
Authors: Ayyaz Shazia , Bazai Saleha , Khan Fouzia Rehman
Published: March 2021

The present study examines the difference in ESL academic writing of boys' and girls' in their written assignments. It aims at exploring differences in ESL writing based on the variable of gender. The data site for this study was a Diploma class at the Department of English FC, NUML Islamabad, where it was collected from 24 participants, i.e., 12 boys and 12 girls, who were asked to write an essay. The conceptual framework of Swan (1992) underpins the present study. The data were analyzed through a qualitative and quantitative method. The study found that the subtopics highlighted in their writings were different and approached variedly. The study also showed that the girls' writings are more reflective and subjective, and they made use of personal pronouns more often, whereas boys prefer being objective and used a third-person pronoun. Also, their writings were more fact and figure based, which was absent in the essays written by girls.
Basic principles of reclaimed agricultural landscapes sustainability formation
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Vasilyev S. M. , Babichev A. N. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
Published: March 2021

Purpose: to establish the basic principles of the organization of reclamed agricultural landscapes and to substantiate the use of the agricultural landscape approach in the organization of the territory. Materials and Methods. When preparing this article, the materials of Russian scientists dealing with the issues of soil fertility conservation and ecological sustainability of reclaimed agricultural landscapes were considered. The methods used were analysis, generalization, synthesis and other methods of working with literary sources on this issue. Results. In performing the work, the main principles and indicators were determined, such as productivity, sustainability, the rule of transforming measures for the natural environment, optimization of the agricultural landscape, authenticity, principles of the formation of reclaimed agricultural landscapes, the complexity of the reclamation impact, the required diversity, the uniqueness of the reclamation impact. The basic requirements for the preservation of soil fertility of reclaimed irrigated agricultural landscape have been established. It was found that to maintain ecological balance within the irrigated agricultural landscape, it is necessary to adhere to the indicators of the reclamation load of the natural environment. The limits of agricultural lands saturation in reclaimed agricultural landscapes for various agro-climatic zones have been substantiated and recommended. Conclusions. It has been determined that the coefficient of reclamation loading of irrigated lands, showing the maximum share of irrigated lands that can be irrigated in a particular climatic zone, varies from 0.3 in the forest-steppe zone to 0.60–0.85 in the semi-desert and desert zone. This suggests that with an increase in moisture supply, this indicator decreases, the recommended amount of agricultural land in various agroclimatic zones varies from 30 to 87 %, while the area of arable land should not exceed 20–25 % in a very dry zone, and with an increase in moisture supply, it can increase up to 80 % in the semi-arid zone. The amount of irrigated land in the reclaimed agricultural landscape should not exceed 18–20 %. Irrigated meadows and pastures should account for 1–2 to 5–6 % of the area.
The Doctrine of the New Martyr John Popov on Conscience in the Context of Moral Theology of the XIX Century
Authors: Домусчи Стефан
Published: March 2021

Статья посвящена учению о совести одного из самых интересных, самобытных и глубоких исследователей нравственности последней четверти XIX в. - мученику Иоанну Попову. В качестве «почвы», на которой выросло учение профессора И. В. Попова, в статье представлены взгляды на совесть его предшественников: архим. Платона (Фивейского), прот. И. Халколиванова, архим. Гавриила (Голосова), прот. Ф. А. Голубинского, прот. И. Янышева, свт. Иннокентия (Борисова), свт. Феофана Затворника, а также В. С. Соловьева. При обращении к богословию самого Ивана Васильевича, в статье актуализируется рецензия доцента А. И. Введенского - единственное сохранившееся описание кандидатского сочинения И. В. Попова о совести, её сущности и происхождении. Однако основной работой, на которую и было обращено основное внимание, избрана его магистерская диссертация «Естественный нравственный закон». Анализ этой работы позволил утверждать, что И. В. Попов сформулировал глубокое и по-своему уникальное учение о совести. Он не только оригинальным образом соединил рациональное и чувственное с традиционно выделяемыми в ней функциями, но обозначил в ней формальную и содержательную стороны. При этом специфика его исследовательского метода позволила ему соединить в своей работе традицию с творческим, самобытным изложением.

The article is devoted to the doctrine of conscience of one of the most interesting, original and profound researchers of morality of the last quarter of the XIX century - the Martyr John Popov. As the «soil» on which grew the doctrine of Professor I. V. Popova, the article presents the views on conscience of his predecessors: arhim. Plato (Thebes), prot. I. Hualianfa, Archimandrite. Gabriel (vocal), FR. F. A. Golubinsky, prot. I. yanysheva, SVT. Innokenty (Borisov), SVT. Theophanes the Recluse, as well As Vs Solovyov. When referring to the theology of Ivan Vasilyevich himself, the article updates the review of associate Professor A. I. Vvedensky - theonly surviving description of the candidate’s work of I. V. Popov on conscience, its essence and origin. However, his master’s thesis «Natural moral law» was chosen as the main work, on which the main attention was paid. The analysis of this work has allowed to claim that I. V. Popov has formulated deep and in own way unique doctrine about conscience. He not only connected the rational and the sensual with the functions traditionally distinguished in it in an original way, but also outlined the formal and substantive sides in it. At the same time, the specificity of his research method allowed him to combine tradition with creative, original presentation in his work.
S. O. Burachok as Editor of «Maiak» Magazine Materials on the History of Church and Public Life in Russia in the XIX Century
Authors: Каширина Варвара Викторовна
Published: March 2021

Основные цели и задачи данной статьи - дать характеристику журнала в кругу других периодических изданий 40-х гг. XIX в., проанализировав редакционную политику и основные литературные и религиозные взгляды главного редактора журнала С. О. Бурачка, который был автором многих журнальных публикаций: по вопросам кораблестроения, литературы, культуры, философии, психологии, истории России и Русской Церкви. В оценке классических произведений А. С. Пушкина и М. Ю. Лермо нтова С. О. Бурачок ставил христианские идеалы превыше литературных достоинств. Методология исследования базируется на комплексном применении традиционных научных методов: источниковедческого, историко-логического и сравнительноисторического. Несмотря на краткое время издания, журнал стал заметным явлением в журналистике и церковно-общественной жизни России середины XIX в. Закрытие журнала объясняется резким размежеванием общественного сознания, усилением в обществе либерально-западнических идей, проводниками которых стали многие периодические издания. Положительную оценку журнал «Маяк» получил в церковных кругах. Критически отзывались об идеологии журнала известные литературные деятели XIX в. В. Г. Белинский, Н. А. Полевой, Ф. В. Булгарин, А. А. Григорьев и др.

«Maiak» magazine was first published in 1840 in St. Petersburg. The editor in 1840-1841 were P. A. Korsakov (1790-1844) and S. O. Burachok, from the 17th issue of 1841 to the end of the existence of the journal editor was S. O. Burachok. The main goals and objectives of this article are to characterize the journal among other periodicals of the 40s of the XIX century, analyzing the editorial policy and the main literary and religious views of the editor-in-chief of the journal S. O. Burachok, who was the author of many journal publications - on shipbuilding, literature, culture, philosophy, psychology, history of Russia and the Russian Church. In the evaluation of classical works of A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov. S. O. Burachok put Christian ideals above literary merits. The research methodology is based on the complex application of traditional scientific methods: source studies, historical-logical and comparative-historical. Despite the short period of publication, the journal became a noticeable phenomenon in journalism and Church-public life of Russia in the mid-19th century. the Closure of the journal is explained by the sharp division of public consciousness, the strengthening of liberal-Western ideas in society, which were carried out by many periodicals. The magazine received a positive assessment in Church circles. Critical has responded about the magazine›s ideology of V. G. Belinsky, N. A. Polevoj, F. V. Bulgarin, A. A. Grigoriev and others.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS IMPLEMENTASI CONSERVATOIR BESLAG (SITA JAMINAN) DALAM PUTUSAN NOMOR 2/PDT.G/2018/PN MJL
Authors: Widiyaningsih Wiwin , Abdurochim Sandyana
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini mengambil judul “Tinjauan Yuridis Implementasi Conservatoir Beslag (Sita Jaminan) Dalam Putusan Nomor 2/Pdt.G/2018/PN Mjl”. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hukum Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Majalengka dalam mengkualifisir permohonan sita jaminan, sehingga menyatakan sah dan berharga dalam Putusan Nomor 2/Pdt.G/2018/PN Mjl.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan hukum secara normatif, dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa Putusan Perkara Pengadilan Negeri Majalengka Nomor 2/Pdt.G/2018/PN Mjl, undang-undang dan buku-buku literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Data yang diperoleh disajikan secara sistematis dan terperinci, dan analisis data dilakukan secara normatif.Hasil yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan fakta-fakta di persidangan, serta bukti-bukti dan keterangan para saksi yang diajukan oleh kedua belah pihak, maka Koperasi Dwi Fani dinyatakan telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yakni menggelapkan uang milik para penggugat sebagai nasabah koperasi Dwi Fani. Tergugat I sebagai ketua, Tergugat II sebagai sekertaris, Tergugat III dan IV sebagai bendahara dan Tergugat V sebagai pengawas dari Koperasi Dwi Fani yang sah dan bertanggung jawab untuk mengembalikan uang milik Para penggugat sebagai nasabah sebesar Rp.2.391.494.600 (dua miliar tiga ratus sembilan puluh satu juta empat ratus sembilan puluh empat ribu enam ratus rupiah) secara kontan. Inilah yang dijadikan hakim sehingga menyatakan sah dan berharga Conservatoir beslag (Sita jaminan) yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Jurusita/ Jurusita Pengganti Pengadilan Negeri Majalengka Kelas II berdasarkan Berita Acara Penyitaan Nomor 2/Pen.Pdt.G/2018/PN.Mjl tanggal 5 Juni 2018, terhadap objek sengketa.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TENTANG EFEKTIVITAS JUDICIAL REVIEW OLEH MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI
Authors: Restu Fadjar Otto
Published: March 2021

Mahkamah Konstitusi tugas dan kewenangan yang diembannya di Negara Republik Indonesia sebagai bagian dari pelaksana kekuasaan kehakiman, adalah melakukan Judicial Review terkait pengujian konstitusionalitas Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Hanya saja dalam praktiknya model pengaturan yang demikian justru rentan menimbulkan sejumlah persoalan hukum. Contohnya, kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi ternyata justru berpeluang untuk mematahkan atau menggugurkan putusan-putusan perkara judicial review yang berada di Mahkamah Agung dalam perkara yang saling berkaitan.

Metode yang penulis gunakan pada pendekatan ini adalah Pendekatan secara Yuridis Normatif yaitu pendekatan atau penelitian hukum dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan/teori/konsep dan metode analisis yang termasuk dalam  disiplin ilmu hukum dogmatis

Pelaksanaan Putusan MK Nomor 09/PUU-VII/2009 dan Putusan MK Nomor 24/PUU-XII/2014 tidak efektif dan tidak dapat dilaksanakan sebagaimana mestinya. Akibat ketidak patuhan atau tidak efektivnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan kembali berlakunya ketentuan pasal-pasal yang diuji oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut menyebabkan ketidakpastian hukum. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi  Nomor 24/PUU-XVII/2019 yang menyatakan bahwa materi muatan ayat, pasal dan/atau bagian undang-undang bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, maka materi muatan ayat, pasal dan/atau bagian undang-undang tersebut tidak mempunyai kekuatan hukum mengikat. Karena tidak ada kejelasan tujuan tentang ayat, pasal dan/atau bagian undang-undang tersebut.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM ATAS HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL STUDI KASUS PELANGGARAN DESAIN INDUSTRI
Authors: Jemiran
Published: March 2021

Keberadaan Desain industri berada pada norma karya cipta dan  paten, sehingga kedudukanya  berada diantara kedua peraturan hukum yang mengatur hak cipta dan paten, sedangkan Desain Industri sendiri lebih menekankan pada nilai estetika dan konfigurasi bentuk dari sebuah produk industri, dan dalam perkembanganya masyarakat pengrajin mengidentikasn sebagai budaya atau hal-hal yang biasa,  bentuk  kreatifitas dan inovasi untuk mengimpelemtasikan dan mengekspresikan kemampuanya, sehingga dengan demikian  hasil karyanya tidak didaftarkan ke lembaga  HKI oleh para pendesainer, hal ini terikat karena sebagai pekerja atau karena hal-hal lain daripada  sifat  publikasi  pendaftaran Desain Industri itu sendiri.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Yuridis Normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan doctrina. Penelitian hukum doktrinal yaitu  penelitian-penelitian atas hukum yang dikonsepkan dan dikembangkan atas dasar ketentuan hukum posistif. Berdasarkan pada ketentuan hukum dalam produk peraturan perundang-undangan yang diberlakukan untuk mengkaji kebijakan pemenuhan hak-hak dan   kewajiban pekerja atau pengrajin dalam membuat produk desain industri tersebut, akhirnya dapat ditemukan problem solving yang diharapkan.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa kedudukan  Desain  Industri  yang  dilindungi  HKI  terikat  pada  hak kebendaan immateril dan  terdapat driot de suite ( royalty ), baik langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap  monopoli market melalui pemberian lisensi, dan franchese, kemudian peredaran desain industri selama kurun waktu 10  ( sepuluh ) tahun, dan  apabila terjadi sengketa atas pengakuan HKI dapat diselesaikan oleh para pihak  dengan pilihan hukumnya ( choice of law). Dalam Penegakan hukum atas pelanggaran Desain Industri penyidik harus lebih teliti dan berhati-hati, dimana Undang-Undang Nomor 31 tahun 2001 tentang Desain Industri memeberikan pilihan hukum ( choise of law ) dalam penyelesaian sengketa apabila terjadi pelanggaran.
Dopa-responsive dystonia (Segawa’s syndrome): description of a clinical case
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, KHAYATOVA Z. G. , ZALYALOVA Z. A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, KAZANTSEV A. Yu. ,   Kazan State Medical University, MATVEYEVA T. V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: March 2021

The authors present a case-report of genetically tested dopa-responsive dystonia, also known as Segawa’s syndrome, in a 32-year-old woman. The genetic forms and their clinical presentation are described. Symptoms began in early childhood with running disability. The patient’s first complaint was twisting of her toes during walking when she was 12 years old. The condition remained stable up to 20 y. o., when some improvement was noticed. Symptoms progressed with involvement of upper limbs at the age of 25. By the age of 32 the patient was directed to Movement Disorders Clinic, where Dopa-responsive dystonia was suspected. The manifestations were dramatically responsive to low doses of levodopa-carbidopa, confirming the diagnosis of dopa-responsive dystonia. The genetic test identified a GCH1 (chr14:55369161G>A) pathogenic mutation.
Cognitive impairment in children with childhood absence epilepsy (review)
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, GUSYAKOV F. I. , MOROZOV D. V.MOROZOV ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, MOROZOVA E. A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, PRUSAKOV V. F. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, BELOUSOVA M. V. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, UTKUZOVA M. A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, KNYAZEVA O. V. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, MADYAKINA A. A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, CHERNIKOVA N. V. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia
Published: March 2021

The review is devoted to common epilepsy of childhood — childhood absence epilepsy. This epileptic syndrome debuts at pre-school age and is characterized by frequent seizures which may be underestimated by doctors due to the clinical features of a seizure. The seizures can debilitate a child and restrict socialization, as specific comorbidities in cognitive field are very common for child absence epilepsy. The etiology of neropsychiatric comorbidities is different. Seizures, epileptic discharges, as well as interictal epileptiform activity in the brain may cause neuropsychological impairments in children. Antiepileptic drugs are important in the development of neuropsychological impairments. The aim of this review was to actualize information on childhood absence epilepsy and stress the necessity to pay practitioner’s attention to common comorbidities in cognitive field.
Medical rehabilitation for neuropathy of the facial nerve
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, SAKOVETS T. G. , BOGDANOV E. I. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: March 2021

The purpose — study of the features of medical rehabilitation in neuropathy of the facial nerve. Material and methods. Were studied works on the rehabilitation of patients with facial nerve neuropathy, published in the modern literature. Particular attention was paid to using the methods physiotherapy, therapeutic physical factors, manual therapy, spa treatment, as well as botulinum therapy with this nosology. Results. The main goal of treatment and rehabilitation measures (drug therapy, physiotherapy, acupuncture, massage, post-isometric relaxation of facial muscles and therapeutic gymnastics) for neuropathy of the facial nerve is to provide an anti-inflammatory and dehydrating effect, improve blood and lymph circulation in the nerve, and help improve nerve conduction. Various physiotherapeutic methods are used for anti-inflammatory, absorbable, decongestant, analgesic action in the acute stage of facial nerve neuropathy. Physiotherapy exercises are actively used, which is prescribed for neuropathy of the facial nerve from the acute stage of the disease. In patients with contracture of mimic muscles, post-ismoteric rehabilitation, autorelaxation, performed by the patient after his preliminary training, is successfully used. In the presence of contractures of facial muscles, botulinum therapy is used. Conclusion. Thus, the use of various rehabilitation methods for neuropathy of the facial nerve determines the outcome of the disease, reduces the likelihood of complications, which, in turn, necessitates the use of adequate schemes of combined non-drug treatment for this nosology.
MOG-IgG-associated demyelinating disorder: modern concepts, issues of diagnosis and treatment
Authors:   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, KRASNOV V. S. , RUDNEVA Yu. A. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, NAZAROV V. D. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, VLADYKINA A. V. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, LAPIN S. V. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, ZASLAVSKII L. G. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, TOTOLYAN N. A. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University
Published: March 2021

The purpose — to systematize the modern concepts of diagnosis and treatment for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disorder. Material and methods. A search for modern publications was carried out using electronic scientific databases PubMed, Science Direct Open Access, Free Medical Journals. Keywords such as MOG-IgG-associated disorder, MOG-encephalomyelitis, MОG-antibody-associated disease were used for search of literature. Modern publications on the nomenclature, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of MOG-IgG-associated disorder as well as scientific works devoted to the history of the study of this problem published in the period from 1987 to 2020 were selected and analyzed. Results. The diagnosis of MOG-IgG-associated disease is based on a combination of clinical, neuroimaging and laboratory assessments with exclusion of alternative conditions. There are many challenges in pathogenesis and nomenclature. Diagnostic criteria were published in 2018. Presence of certain indications is advisable for conducting a blood serum test for MOG-IgG according to the international recommendations. The key diagnostic test proposed is antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) detected in serum with cell-based assays (indirect fluorescence test or fluorescence-activating cell sorting) with strictly employing conformationally intact full-length human MOG as target antigen. There are no generally accepted standards of therapy.The approaches to therapy recommended by various expert working groups are based on the protocols for the management of patients with AQP4-IgG-positive forms of neuromyelitisoptica spectrum disorder. Conclusion. MOG-IgG-associated disorder is a recently proposed group of inflammatory demyelinating syndromes which are different from other demyelinating diseases. Currently it is advisable to use the diagnostic criteria published in 2018. Current knowledge allowed formulating recommendations for laboratory diagnostics which have limited availability in everyday practice. Treatment issues need to be systematized after achieving eхpert consensus.
Jugendgerechte Kommunikation über Ernährung im Kontext Gesundheit und Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Lerchbaumer Maria , Überall Martina
Published: March 2021

Der Klimawandel, an dem die jetzige Ernährungsweise einen wesentlichen Anteil hat, betrifft Jugendliche besonders stark. Sie können aber Gestalter einer veränderten Ernährungsweise sein. Kommunikation ist ein Schlüsselfaktor, weshalb die Anwendung des Schwellenmodells von Kleinhückelkotten und Neitzke (1999) erste Anknüpfungspunkte liefert, um Jugendliche für gesundheitsförderliche und nachhaltige Ernährung zu gewinnen.
A Cross Sectional Study to Evaluate Awareness About Hepatitis A & E Among Students in Lahore
Authors: Rizvi Azka , Ahmed Naveed , Naeem Ayesha , Saleem Waqas , Ilyas Muhammad , Ahmed Altaf
Published: March 2021

Background: The aim and objectives of the study were to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices among biological and non-biological students regarding Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV).
Methods: The present study was conducted by the Department of Microbiology, Pakistan kidney & liver institute and research center (PKLI & RC) at University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan. The study was conducted in November, 2019 to January, 2020. A total of 326 respondents (students) participated in the present study. Respondents filled a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The variables accessed were knowledge of the diseases including etiology, mode of transmission, and prevention and control measures.
Results: Most 81.56% of respondents from biological sciences (B-S) group and 51.70% from non-biological sciences (N-B-S) had awareness about HAV/HEV. Furthermore, 72.06% of respondents from BS group and 13.60% of respondents from NBS group had knowledge about the mode of transmission and spread of HAV and HEV infection. Only 16.20% of students from B-S group were aware about importance of vaccination against HAV/HEV. While a very low prevalence was found about vaccination in N-B-S group that is only 4.76%.
Conclusion: The study shows significance difference in the awareness level among students from biological sciences and non-biological sciences background. Respondents were found to misunderstand the hepatitis A & E infections with hepatitis B & C, which suggests that there is need to spread awareness about the differences in their spread and severity of these infections. Awareness campaigns should be conducted to make people aware of the ways HAV/HEV spreads, its mode of transmission, severity of infection and preventive measures to minimize its spread as well as chances to acquire HAV/HEV infections.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ ПЕРЕВАГ ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННИХ ТА ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ МЕТОДІВ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ
Authors: Білоус Софія , Красько Анна , Безручко Любомир
Published: March 2021

Розкрито суть конкурентних переваг, обґрунтовано необхідність та важливість розвитку готельно-ресторанних та туристичних підприємств з точки зору розвитку національної економіки. Проаналізовано основні статистичні показники розвитку обох сфер в Україні на їх основі розроблено картографічне зображення динаміки розвитку обох сфер в країні. Авторським колективом виокремлено ряд особливостей конкуренції в готельно-ресторанній та туристичній сфері, здійснений їх детальний аналіз. Зроблено наголос на необхідності підтримання конкурентних переваг та запропоновано ряд методів менеджменту, які найактуальніші, на думку авторського колективу, саме для готельно-ресторанних та туристичних підприємств. Підсумовано актуальність та ефективність використання цих методів у індустрії гостинності та туризмі.
ПРОБЛЕМИ МЕТОДИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КАЛЬКУЛЮВАННЯ СОБІВАРТОСТІ ПРОДУКЦІЇ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ЗАХИСНОГО ОДЯГУ)
Authors: Єдинак Тетяна , Карнаух Аліна
Published: March 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням визначення методів калькулювання собівартості продукції. Розглянуто методи калькулювання собівартості продукції та підходи до їх визначення (ринковий та виробничий). Визначено переваги та недоліки кожного з методів калькулювання собівартості продукції. Досліджуються особливості розрахунку витрат на виробничих підприємствах з урахуванням організаційно-технологічної специфіки галузі. Розраховано калькуляцію собівартості спецодягу на прикладі «Куртки утепленої з логотипом» за допомогою калькуляційних карт. На основі отриманої інформації запропоновано порядок удосконалення обліку витрат на виготовлення продукції (на прикладі спецодягу) та визначено завдання для оптимізації виробничих витрат.
Intuitive eating and Health at Every Size in community settings: Dietitian's perceptions of practice barriers
Authors: Larkey Rachel , Quatrimoni Paula , Fuster Melissa
Published: March 2021

Intuitive Eating (IE) and Health at Every Size (HAES) are health promotion paradigms used by dietitians in private practice more commonly than in community-based practice where more diverse and vulnerable populations are served. The primary objective of this study was to examine the perceived barriers and facilitators that dietitians encounter when using IE and HAES in community nutrition practice settings. This phenomenological, qualitative study applied a grounded theory analysis to identify emergent themes from transcripts of semi-structured interviews with 27 dietitians working in community settings in the United States. Dietitians reported the following perceived barriers to the use of IE/HAES: diet culture which was often expressed as inconsistent messages patients receive from the media and other professionals that conflict with nutrition providers’ messages; legislative restrictions and weight-centric administrative policies; and personal beliefs of clients and colleagues concerning weight and health. Dietitians reported occupational autonomy as a salient factor facilitating the use of IE/HAES in community practice and identified the need for shifts in attitudes about weight and its relation to health achieved through research and dissemination of information on weight-inclusive practices. Collectively, respondents experienced more systemic barriers than individual barriers and identified several macro-level facilitators that remain elusive. The unique experiences of RDNs in community practice provide a roadmap for ongoing research to establish the evidence base for best practices, inform education and training, and achieve cultural shifts that move towards weight-inclusive practice in this setting. More research is needed to explore the generalizability of these experiences.