bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neo-liberalism and the Nordic welfare model: a study of the Liberal Alliance and ideological adaptation in Denmark
Authors: Hedegaard Troels Fage
Published: December 2016

This article explores whether and how the neo-liberal ideology has adapted to the Nordic welfare model by studying the attitudes of voters and grass-roots members of the Danish party Liberal Alliance towards the welfare state. This inquiry into one of the key issues for the neo-liberal ideology is inspired by theory on how an ideology will adapt to its context. The expectation outlined in the article is for the neo-liberals of this party to favour features that make the Nordic welfare model distinctive – extensive governmental responsibility, especially for children and the elderly, and a universalistic approach to providing welfare. I have explored this question using a mixed-methods approach, where I analyse a survey of voters and interviews with grass-roots members of the party. Combined this shows that the neo-liberals in Liberal Alliance do support a role for the welfare state that extends beyond a minimum welfare state, especially for the care of children, but they view old age and retirement mostly as a problem each individual must deal with. Regarding the universalistic approach to providing welfare, the neo-liberals seem torn between two different tendencies, one being a perception of a fair way to provide welfare and the other the idea of a selective welfare state as a neo-liberal core idea, which leads to ambivalent attitudes. I argue that this results in a form of the neo-liberal ideology that has adapted to the Nordic welfare model.
Depicted welfare-recipient stereotypes in Norway and Denmark: a photo-elicitation study
Authors: Dencker-Larsen Sofie , Lundberg Kjetil G.
Published: December 2016

Welfare recipients are continuously subjected to media debates and governmental campaigns drawing on images and symbols encouraging improved work ethic and individual responsibility. Only few studies, however, have analysed how welfare recipients as ‘othered’ citizens react to these often stereotypical symbols and images targeting them. In this study we have investigated how welfare recipients in Norway and Denmark, and caseworkers in Denmark, understand and account for images which, through the use of stereotypes, directly or indirectly may question welfare recipients’ work ethic and deservedness. Analysing photo-elicitation interview data, we have uncovered a variety of reactions characterized by ‘problematization’. The interviewees problematize the image and depicted stereotypes, which they link both with motif and symbols and with surrounding public debates on the work ethic and deservedness of welfare recipients. Furthermore, as photo-elicitation is a rarely used tool in welfare research, we address methodological aspects of using photo-elicitation in a study of ‘othered’ welfare recipients.
A conceptual approach to strategic performance indicators
Authors: Dolan Tom , Walsh Claire L. , Bouch Chris , Carhart Neil J.
Published: December 2016

Effective decision-making for the provision and maintenance of infrastructure systems requires strategic performance indicators aligned with a clear vision of the societal benefits that infrastructure will be expected to enable and systemic awareness of interdependencies between infrastructure sectors. This paper proposes a conceptual outcome-oriented approach to strategic infrastructure performance indicators as a systemic alternative to current approaches which predominantly focus on performance within individual sectors. The conceptual approach proposed aligns performance measures with stated priorities and future aspirations rather than past performance; provides a transparent framework for decision-making; can be applied at a range of scales; and creates an evidence base against which indicator design can be justified and reviewed. Additionally, the conceptual outcome-oriented approach proposed is adaptable for application in other areas of infrastructure decision-making, in particular the development of methodologies to assess what infrastructure will be needed in the future.
Intercalated Cell Depletion and Vacuolar H+-ATPase Mistargeting in an Ae1 R607H Knockin Model
Authors: Mumtaz Rizwan , Trepiccione Francesco , Hennings J. Christopher , Huebner Antje K. , Serbin Bettina , Picard Nicolas , Ullah A. K. M. Shahid , Păunescu Teodor G. , Capen Diane E. , Lashhab Rawad M. , Mouro-Chanteloup Isabelle , Alper Seth L. , Wagner Carsten A. , Cordat Emmanuelle , Brown Dennis , Eladari Dominique , Hübner Christian A.
Published: December 2016

Distal nephron acid secretion is mediated by highly specialized type A intercalated cells (A-ICs), which contain vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-type ATPase)-rich vesicles that fuse with the apical plasma membrane on demand. Intracellular bicarbonate generated by luminal H+ secretion is removed by the basolateral anion-exchanger AE1. Chronically reduced renal acid excretion in distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) may lead to nephrocalcinosis and renal failure. Studies in MDCK monolayers led to the proposal of a dominant-negative trafficking mechanism to explain AE1-associated dominant dRTA. To test this hypothesis in vivo, we generated an Ae1 R607H knockin mouse, which corresponds to the most common dominant dRTA mutation in human AE1, R589H. Compared with wild-type mice, heterozygous and homozygous R607H knockin mice displayed incomplete dRTA characterized by compensatory upregulation of the Na+/HCO3
− cotransporter NBCn1. Red blood cell Ae1-mediated anion-exchange activity and surface polypeptide expression did not change. Mutant mice expressed far less Ae1 in A-ICs, but basolateral targeting of the mutant protein was preserved. Notably, mutant mice also exhibited reduced expression of V-type ATPase and compromised targeting of this proton pump to the plasma membrane upon acid challenge. Accumulation of p62- and ubiquitin-positive material in A-ICs of knockin mice suggested a defect in the degradative pathway, which may explain the observed loss of A-ICs. R607H knockin did not affect type B intercalated cells. We propose that reduced basolateral anion-exchange activity in A-ICs inhibits trafficking and regulation of V-type ATPase, compromising luminal H+ secretion and possibly lysosomal acidification.
Modeling Monogenic Human Nephrotic Syndrome in the Drosophila Garland Cell Nephrocyte
Authors: Hermle Tobias , Braun Daniela A. , Helmstädter Martin , Huber Tobias B. , Hildebrandt Friedhelm
Published: December 2016

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome is characterized by podocyte dysfunction. Drosophila garland cell nephrocytes are podocyte-like cells and thus provide a potential in vivo model in which to study the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome. However, relevant pathomechanisms of nephrotic syndrome have not been studied in nephrocytes. Here, we discovered that two Drosophila slit diaphragm proteins, orthologs of the human genes encoding nephrin and nephrin-like protein 1, colocalize within a fingerprint-like staining pattern that correlates with ultrastructural morphology. Using RNAi and conditional CRISPR/Cas9 in nephrocytes, we found this pattern depends on the expression of both orthologs. Tracer endocytosis by nephrocytes required Cubilin and reflected size selectivity analogous to that of glomerular function. Using RNAi and tracer endocytosis as a functional read-out, we screened Drosophila orthologs of human monogenic causes of nephrotic syndrome and observed conservation of the central pathogenetic alterations. We focused on the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis gene Coq2, the silencing of which disrupted slit diaphragm morphology. Restoration of CoQ10 synthesis by vanillic acid partially rescued the phenotypic and functional alterations induced by Coq2-RNAi. Notably, Coq2 colocalized with mitochondria, and Coq2 silencing increased the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Silencing of ND75, a subunit of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that controls ROS formation independently of CoQ10, phenocopied the effect of Coq2-RNAi. Moreover, the ROS scavenger glutathione partially rescued the effects of Coq2-RNAi. In conclusion, Drosophila garland cell nephrocytes provide a model with which to study the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome, and ROS formation may be a pathomechanism of COQ2-nephropathy.
High-Fat Diet–Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction and Impaired Autophagic Flux Contribute to Lipotoxicity in the Kidney
Authors: Yamamoto Takeshi , Takabatake Yoshitsugu , Takahashi Atsushi , Kimura Tomonori , Namba Tomoko , Matsuda Jun , Minami Satoshi , Kaimori Jun-ya , Matsui Isao , Matsusaka Taiji , Niimura Fumio , Yanagita Motoko , Isaka Yoshitaka
Published: December 2016

Excessive fat intake contributes to the progression of metabolic diseases via cellular injury and inflammation, a process termed lipotoxicity. Here, we investigated the role of lysosomal dysfunction and impaired autophagic flux in the pathogenesis of lipotoxicity in the kidney. In mice, a high-fat diet (HFD) resulted in an accumulation of phospholipids in enlarged lysosomes within kidney proximal tubular cells (PTCs). In isolated PTCs treated with palmitic acid, autophagic degradation activity progressively stagnated in association with impaired lysosomal acidification and excessive lipid accumulation. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that the accumulated lipids originated from cellular membranes. In mice with induced PTC-specific ablation of autophagy, PTCs of HFD-mice exhibited greater accumulation of ubiquitin-positive protein aggregates normally removed by autophagy than did PTCs of mice fed a normal diet. Furthermore, HFD-mice had no capacity to augment autophagic activity upon another pathologic stress. Autophagy ablation also exaggerated HFD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammasome activation. Moreover, renal ischemia-reperfusion induced greater injury in HFD-mice than in mice fed a normal diet, and ablation of autophagy further exacerbated this effect. Finally, we detected similarly enhanced phospholipid accumulation in enlarged lysosomes and impaired autophagic flux in the kidneys of obese patients compared with nonobese patients. These findings provide key insights regarding the pathophysiology of lipotoxicity in the kidney and clues to a novel treatment for obesity-related kidney diseases.
Factores asociados a las demandas psiquiátricas a los servicios de urgencias prehospitalarios de Málaga (España)
Authors: Guzmán-Parra José ,   Unidad de Gestión Clínica del Hospital Regional de Málaga.,   Grupo Andaluz de Investigación Psicosocial (GAP) (CTS-945).,   Instituto IBIMA. Málaga, España., Martínez-García Ana Isabel , Guillén-Benítez Cristobalina , Castro-Zamudio Serafina , Jiménez-Hernández Manolo , Moreno-Küstner Berta ,   Unidad de Gestión Clínica de los Dispositivos de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias del Distrito Sanitario Málaga-Coín Guadalhorce.,   Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico. Universidad de Málaga, España.
Published: December 2016

Resumen

Introducción. En los últimos años se ha producido un importante aumento de la demanda asistencial de urgencias a nivel prehospitalario.

Objetivo. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal identificar las variables asociadas a las demandas clasificadas como psiquiátricas a los Servicios de Urgencia y Emergencias Médicos Prehospitalarios (SUEMP) de la provincia de Málaga.

Método. Estudio observacional retrospectivo de las demandas registradas en la base de datos informatizada (computarizada) del Centro Coordinador de Urgencias y Emergencias durante un año (N = 163 331). Se han considerado: 1) variables sociodemográficas: la edad y el sexo, y 2) variables relacionadas con la demanda: la franja horaria, el tipo de día, el trimestre del año, el sujeto alertante, el número de recursos movilizados, el número de personas atendidas y si hubo trasporte sanitario. Para la comparación de las variables se empleó la prueba χ2. También se realizó un análisis de regresión logística multivariante.

Resultados. El 7% de las demandas a los SUEMP se clasificaron como psiquiátricas. Entre las variables relacionadas con las demandas psiquiátricas se encontraron tener menor edad, ser mujer, demanda realizada por la noche y la tarde, menor número de personas atendidas, que la alerta no fuera efectuada por el propio usuario y la no realización de traslado sanitario.

Discusión y conclusión. Las demandas por problemas de salud mental presentan características diferenciales al resto de demandas a los SUEMP, lo que hay que tener en cuenta para mejorar la atención a dichos pacientes.
Gamification in education
Authors: Belkin P.A.
Published: December 2016

This article surveys the main directions of gamification of education. Using a typology of formation of educational space in relation to the virtual space when creating educational computer games (Whitton N. 2009), it shows the degree of involvement of educational computer and video games in education of modern children in Sweden, Finland, Australia, USA and many other countries. It marks a re-orientation of this type of games from the needs of an adult in connection to a child, in direction of the child's needs. It shows that the questions of development of effective, environmentally friendly and at the same time securely motivated educational computer and video games, as well as the question of their impact on child's development in long perspective remains open. In addition, the article states that psychological research of educational tools’ gamification is aimed primarily at addressing the problem of dyslexia, leaving unstudied such specific problems of children as dyscalculia, or the effect of education when mediated by virtual space
Analysis of personality characteristics of intellectually gifted students, causing difficulties in their process of preschool and school education
Authors: Ermakov S.S.
Published: December 2016

Talented and intellectually gifted students often have difficulties in emotional and personal spheres in their learning process at school. Social maladjustment, emotional instability, increased anxiety and a number of other problems in the development of the personal sphere are common to students with a conventional development of intellectual abilities, but in the case of gifted students they are more frequent and intensive. If these problems are ignored by school teachers, psychologists and parents of gifted students, they can lead to a decrease in the ability of these children and even to a certain delay in the development of their academic abilities. The article provides an overview of contemporary foreign works aimed at identification and analysis of personal problems in gifted students. It describes different types of gifted students, their psychological characteristics that must be considered in the process of organizing their schooling with the aim of support to and development of their learning skills
The problem of psychological adaptation of children to the education space
Authors: Egorenko T.A. , Bezrukavny O.S.
Published: December 2016

The article presents the study of Turkish and Romanian psychologists aimed at disclosure of factors, affecting the psycho - pedagogical adaptation of students to school and the steps of this adaptation. School adaptation is regarded as a complex and a multi-faceted process, influenced by different spheres of human life. The authors from Turkey mainly discuss factors affecting the adaptation of preschool children to a primary educational level. Romanian researchers consider the difficulties of psycho - pedagogical adaptation of pupils of rural schools to high school, and compare them with their peers, receiving education in cities
Profession of a tutor in national and foreign practice
Authors: Ovsyannikova T.M.
Published: December 2016

The paper presents the phenomenon of tutoring in support of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Israel, the United States and Russia. It describes the role of a tutor, as a member of the team of teachers in creating an inclusive school environment for students with ASD. Special attention is paid to the issues of competencies and skills necessary for a tutor. Consolidated national and foreign experience of tutoring made it possible to articulate the proposal aimed at formation of a new professional function for teachers in Russia - a specialist in the ASD
The Origins of Classroom Deliberation: Democratic Education in the Shadow of Totalitarianism, 1938–1960
Authors: Fallace Thomas D.
Published: December 2016

Many theorists of democratic education assume that the idea of having students deliberate about social issues in the classroom can be traced directly to the student-centered and reform-oriented ideals of interwar educational theorists such as John Dewey and Harold Rugg. However, in this intellectual history, Thomas D. Fallace argues that classroom deliberation as it is currently conceived emerged in part out of a backlash against the interwar ideology and epistemology that took place between 1938 and 1960, when democratic theorists rejected any commitment to ideology because such commitments were considered dangerous in a world falling prey to totalitarianism. As a result, leading educational theorists reoriented the focus on teaching social issues in the classroom away from the transmission of ideological subject matter toward deliberative skills, scientific thinking, open-ended inquiry, and consensus building, representing a major reorientation in civic education that largely continues to this day.
Hip-Hop Citizens: Arts-Based, Culturally Sustaining Civic Engagement Pedagogy
Authors: Kuttner Paul J.
Published: December 2016

Amid concerns about the decreasing political engagement of young people, scholars and policy makers have begun discussing the “civic achievement gap,” disparities in civic capacity between low-income students and Students of Color and their White, wealthier counterparts. While this scholarship raises important issues, it often relies on a narrow view of civic engagement, downplaying alternative forms of civic activity and the variability of civic life across contexts. This can lead to deficit-based models of civic education that bypass the opportunity to tap into the many less-visible ways youth, particularly those from low-income Communities of Color, are already engaged in civic life. In this article, Paul J. Kuttner offers as an alternative approach, youth cultural organizing, which engages young people in catalyzing change in their communities through the arts and other forms of cultural expression, drawing on shared cultural resources. He presents a theoretical framework for this culturally sustaining civic engagement pedagogy based on a case study of the organization Project HIP-HOP, and he explores the potential of the arts and hip-hop culture as asset-based spaces within which to engage young people in civic life.
Grade Repetition and Primary School Dropout in Uganda
Authors: Kabay Sarah
Published: December 2016

Research on education in low-income countries rarely focuses on grade repetition. When addressed, repetition is typically presented along with early school dropout as the “wasting” of educational resources. Simplifying grade repetition in this way often fails to recognize significant methodological concerns and also overlooks the unique insight that can be gained by focusing on repetition. In this article, Sarah Kabay uses mixed methods research to investigate repetition and its association with later school dropout in Ugandan primary schools. In a representative sample of pupils from 136 schools, Kabay finds that in spite of a policy of automatic promotion meant to limit repetition, 88 percent of pupils had repeated a grade and 11 percent had repeated three or more times. Kabay identifies age as a confounding variable for the association between repetition and dropout, and argues that attention should be drawn to the age of entry into schooling and language policy.
Primer registro de Ochoterenella sp. (Nematoda: Onchoceridae) en Rhinella horribilis (Anura: Bufonidae) del noroccidente de Ecuador
Authors: Reyes-Puig Carolina Pilar , Trujillo Torres María Belén , Echeverría Torres Andrea
Published: December 2016

Reportamos el primer registro de parasitismo del nematodo Ochoterenella Caballero, 1944 en el sapo Rhinella horribilis. Un especimen de Ochoterenella sp. fue encontrado en la cavidad abdominal, adherido a la pared inferior del estómago, de un R. horribilis. Los especímenes fueron colectados en Tobar Donoso, provincia de Carchi, noroccidente del Ecuador.
Ampliación del rango altitudinal de Anolis fasciatus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) en Ecuador
Authors: Reyes-Puig Carolina Pilar , Ríos-Alvear Gorki Danilo
Published: December 2016

El rango altitudinal conocido de Anolis fasciatus se ha reportado entre 0 y 1350 m a lo largo de su rango geográfico en el occidente del Ecuador. Aquí, presentamos el primer el registro de esta especie a 1600 m, en un bosque subtropical montano bajo en Tres Cruces, provincia de Bolívar, Ecuador.
If I Had a Hammer: Wall Mural (Proofs)
Authors: Huynh Kim
Published: December 2016

Four different sets of rice papers to create mural on wall to reference four Canadian stories
Maya Angelou's Still I Rise: Resource
Authors: Wallis Maria
Published: December 2016

Significant Hotlinks for Maya Angelou's Poem: "Still I Rise"
Breaking Silence and Opening Windows: Insider Stories of South Asian Canadian Women
Authors: Aujla-Bhullar Sonia
Published: December 2016

As a series of backdrops, this paper draws on important works of Megan Boler (1999), as well as critical feminist studies (Baszile, 2008; Delpit, 1988; Mogadime, 2008. It explores how understanding the roles and functions of emotions (positive and negative) provides valuable insights into identifying forms of social control. It further explains some key strategies of enforcement of dominant discourses in public educational institutions. As importantly, it identifies minority women teachers’ responses to the socio-economic and cultural work environments in which minorities are seldom welcome. The discussion will include a few findings from my far larger study about the experiences of South Asian women teachers in a western Canadian, prairie city (Aujla-Bhullar, 2012) as a window revealing insights concerning emotions previously silenced.
Patriarchy Rules: Transforming resistance to gender inequalities in science teacher education in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chikunda Charles , Chikunda Plaxcedes
Published: December 2016

This paper explores underlying mechanisms that constrain gender transformation in science education in Zimbabwe. Notwithstanding strides made with regards to gender equality in education, gender disparity is still visible mostly in natural science related disciplines. Focusing on a teacher education department, this paper argues that gender inequality is deeply imbued in the norms of the institution, patriarchy as a culture playing a decisive role in constraining the uptake of gender responsive curriculum practices. As recommendation we propose that curriculum re-orientation is not likely to be successful if it is done superficially without shaking the patriarchal roots that shape cultural values of practitioners. There is need to go beyond policy formulation to support reflexivity among teacher educators that will help them to scrutinize their values and practices as it relates to establishing gender responsive pedagogy in science education.
Enduring Legacies of Empire: A Case Study of a Preservice Teacher's Feminist Resistance
Authors: Brown Yvonne
Published: December 2016

Drawing on lived experiences and recent literature, especially, research by Nurse, a University of the West Indies academic, this article shows how memory, experience, place and history can reveal continuities in the civilizing mission of colonial and imperial projects. In order to validate my major claims, I excerpt a vignette from my published memoir regarding personal experiences at a predominantly, male teacher’s college in Jamaica (1962-1965). At the college, I deliberately engaged in a complex set of oppositional and strategic performances which led to my becoming the student of the year when I graduated. In a larger context, such performances are strategies which assertive women may wish to adopt, in order to disrupt the hegemony of male dominated educational institutions in Canada and the Caribbean.
Rose's Smile
Authors: Wallis Maria
Published: December 2016

Photo
La hibridación de modelos para la medición de activos según las normas internacionales de información financiera (NIIF). (Hybridization of valuation models in measuring assets under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).)
Authors: Sosa Mora Eduardo
Published: December 2016

Resumen

La medición contable es el proceso por medio del cual se establecen los valores monetarios por los que se expresan los elementos de los estados financieros. Como lo que se mide es el valor, se pensaría que se dispone de una teoría del valor de aceptación general que confiere fundamento conceptual y epistemológico a dicho proceso. Sin embargo, esto dista mucho de lo que sucede en la teoría y en la normativa contable, en las que se han propuesto y se utilizan –de manera alternativa y también combinada– modelos de medición que no necesariamente capturan los mismos aspectos de la realidad económica de los negocios y que, más bien, constituyen la puesta en operación de teorías del valor opuestas entre sí.

Actualmente, en la práctica y en la normativa contable internacional, la determinación de los montos por los que se expresan los activos de los estados de situación financiera de las empresas es el resultado de un proceso de hibridación de distintos modelos de medición, lo que conlleva a que dicho estado se convierta en una mezcla de cifras heterogéneas representativas de diferentes aspectos de las realidades económicas de las entidades. En este artículo se presenta una disertación teórica acerca de la coexistencia de diferentes modelos para la medición de los activos en las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) y de los efectos que esto produce sobre la comparabilidad de la información financiera y el reconocimiento de ganancias y pérdidas surgidas de los procesos de medición contable.

 

Abstract

Accounting measurement is the process to establish the monetary values to represent the elements of the financial statements. It is possible to think that this process is supported by a widely accepted theory of the value that provides conceptual and epistemological foundation.

However, this is not so in Accounting theory and standards, in which have been proposed and used −and also combined and alternated− models of measurement that do not necessarily capture the same aspects of the economic reality of the business, and that even present opposed value theories. Currently, the amounts to measure the assets in the companies’ balance sheets are the result of a hybridization of diverse measurement models, which makes the statement a heterogeneous mix of different aspects of the entities economic realities.

This article presents a theoretical dissertation about the coexistence of different models for the measurement of assets used by International Standards of Financial Reporting (IFRS), and their effects on the comparability of financial information and the recognition of gains and losses arising from the processes of accounting measurement.
Impacto de la estrategia, la forma de elaborarla y su formalización en el desempeño exportador de las PYMES, de la provincia de Cartago
Authors: Navarro-Calvo Mónica M.
Published: December 2016

Esta investigación analizó el impacto de la estrategia, su elaboración y formalización en el desempeño exportador de las PYMES, ubicadas en la provincia de Cartago (Costa Rica) que exportaron en el año 2013. Para esto se utilizó la base de datos del índice de desempeño exportador (IDE) de PROCOMER, así como un cuestionario estructurado para evaluar el área estratégica de la empresa, el cual fue enviado vía correo electrónico a 35 empresas, y auto administrado por estas. A partir de esto se encontró que el conocimiento estratégico de los dueños y administradores es básico, además de que las compañías no manejan una estrategia definida, sino un hibrido de estas. Además se realizaron pruebas de hipótesis, utilizando correlaciones bivariadas, para determinar la existencia de una relación entre le IDE y los diferentes aspectos evaluados, esto se rechazó ya que no existió una relación significativa en ninguno de los casos. Finalmente, se puede concluir que los aspectos estratégicos evaluados no son importantes en cuanto a desempeño exportador se refiere.
Diagnóstico Comparativo de Normas de Sostenibilidad de Costa Rica y Colombia: Certificación de Sostenibilidad Turística y Certificado de Calidad Turística / Sello Ambiental
Authors: Saborío-Jiménez Johan
Published: December 2016

Los problemas originados por el calentamiento global determinan la necesidad de realizar un desarrollo sostenible, sin importar la actividad económica de que se trate, y el turismo no es la excepción. La investigación resumida en este artículo consiste en un diagnóstico comparativo de dos normas de sostenibilidad: Costa Rica y Colombia. El diagnóstico contempló los entornos que conforman el desarrollo sostenible, como son  el ambiental, el económico y el social. Se analizaron las siguientes normas: Certificación de Sostenibilidad Turística, caso de Costa Rica, y Certificado de Calidad Turística / Sello Ambiental, para Colombia; en ambos países, dirigidas a hotelería y agencias de viajes.
Evaluación técnica, ambiental y económica de tres tipos de tratamiento para el cultivo de lechuga en huertas caseras de Guácimo, Limón, Costa Rica
Authors: Ramírez-Ramírez Fiorella , Campos-Rodríguez Rooel , Jiménez-Morales María Fernanda , Brenes-Peralta Laura
Published: December 2016

Desde hace varios años, el Tecnológico de Costa Rica ha ejecutado trabajos colaborativos con la Municipalidad de Guácimo, partiendo de proyectos de investigación y doctorado. Se dio la oportunidad de dar seguimiento a la comunidad mediante el proyecto de investigación “Implementación de huertas caseras utilizando residuos sólidos municipales para un grupo piloto de la comunidad de Santa María de Guácimo”,  en el que se ejecutaron acciones de revisión de línea base en el cantón, respecto a generación de residuos sólidos orgánicos, así como pruebas de aprovechamiento de dichos residuos en compostaje, y se incorporó,  en apoyo a uno de sus objetivos, el trabajo final de graduación titulado “Evaluación técnica, ambiental y económica de tres tratamientos para cultivar lechuga en huertas caseras en Santa María de Guácimo, Limón, Costa Rica”. Dado que la Municipalidad de Guácimo presenta algunas limitaciones presupuestarias para la implementación de la Gestión Integral de Residuos (GIR), investigadores de la Escuela de Agronegocios  propusieron una solución integral  consistente en la utilización del compostaje en huertas caseras que aportaran algunos alimentos a las familias. Por lo anterior resultó relevante realizar la evaluación objeto del trabajo antes mencionado. El primero de los tipos de tratamiento evaluado en el cultivo doméstico de lechugas fue el uso de compost obtenido mediante el método Takakura; el segundo, el uso de otro método de compostaje, y el tercero, de compost comercial y un testigo. Al realizar las diferentes pruebas estadísticas, se determinó que pese a que el proceso de obtención de compost por el método Takakura tiene un costo mayor que el de los otros  tipos, los beneficios dados por la eficiencia técnica (tamaño y diámetro de las lechugas) y ambiental lo postulan como e mejor de todos. 
Uso de la energía solar en sistemas de producción agropecuaria: producción más limpia y eficiencia energética
Authors: Guzmán-Hernández Tomás De Jesús , Araya-Rodríguez Freddy , Castro-Badilla Guillermo , Obando-Ulloa Javier M.
Published: December 2016

Actualmente se busca nuevas opciones de energías limpias para mitigar el efecto de invernadero y lograr sistemas de producción verdaderamente sostenibles; entre éstas, la energía solar y el uso de biomasa y otras fuentes renovables se han recomendado particularmente  para lograr la captura local de carbono y la adaptabilidad al cambio climático. Este artículo presenta el diseño de un sistema térmico y fotovoltaico, y los resultados preliminares obtenidos tras su instalación en lecherías y plantas procesadoras de lácteos ubicadas en la Región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica, con datos que demuestran la potencialidad de la producción energética a partir de la energía solar en actividades agropecuarias. Estos resultados preliminares han permitido comprobar que mediante estos sistemas se logra producir alrededor del 30% de la energía necesaria para estas actividades, contribuyendo de esta forma a disminuir los costos de producción, la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero y por ende, la huella de carbono.
Uso de la espectroscopia Raman en el análisis de fragmentos de pintura automotriz como evidencia forense
Authors: Gutiérrez-Fallas Dionisio , Montero-Zeledón Ernesto , Murillo-Quirós Natalia , Rojas-Rojas Laura
Published: December 2016

En muchos accidentes de tránsito es difícil establecer la responsabilidad por los daños materiales, las lesiones a las personas o las muertes, debido a que los conductores de los vehículos responsables abandonan el lugar de los hechos. Por eso, es fundamental, como parte de la recolección de la evidencia, intentar recuperar fragmentos de pintura automotriz. El estudio de las características físicas de estos fragmentos puede permitir la identificación del vehículo del que provienen. Sin embargo, con frecuencia, esta evidencia presenta un tamaño reducido, del orden de milímetros cuadrados o menor, lo cual requiere que el análisis de las diferentes propiedades físicas no ofrezca riesgo de alteración de la muestra. Para ello, resulta conveniente utilizar métodos como los que ofrecen las técnicas microscópicas y espectroscópicas. En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados de los análisis de varios fragmentos de pintura automotriz, realizados con microscopio óptico y microscopía Raman, que podrían ser utilizados como evidencia forense.
Situación de la gestión del agua potable en las zonas rurales de la provincia de Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Soto-Córdoba Silvia M. , Gaviria-Montoya Lilliana , Pino-Gómez Macario
Published: December 2016

En Costa Rica, cerca del 95 % de la población en las zonas urbanas recibe agua de buena calidad, gracias a que los grandes distribuidores de agua del país cuentan con la tecnología y los recursos humanos y financieros para la adecuada gestión de abastecimiento. En las zonas rurales, esta gestión está en manos de las asociaciones administradoras de agua (ASADA), que son integradas por juntas de vecinos voluntarios; en esas zonas persisten áreas que no reciben agua potable. El estudio que aquí se publica se enfocó en las ASADA de la provincia de Cartago, con el propósito de determinar mediante la visita y evaluación la situación real de los acueductos administrados por ellas, y los problemas ambientales asociados a su manejo, y poder ofrecer así recomendaciones para lograr un servicio de calidad sostenible. Los resultados aquí expuestos solo se enfocaran en el estudio de caso de la provincia de Cartago, Se encontró que las ASADAs denominadas pequeñas cuentan con mayores problemas operativos y de mantenimiento de la red.
Study of the Health Instructions Effect on Quality of Life and Psychological Problems among Children with Thalassemia
Authors: Hassan Seham Mohammed Elmwafie , Azzab Saida El Sayed Hassan Ibrahim El
Published: December 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the health instructions effect on quality of life and psychological problems among children with thalassemia.
Design: Quasi-experimental design used in this study. Pre and post evaluation done to identify the effect of health instructions sessions which provided by the researchers for thalassemic children and their parents on children heath related quality of life and psychological problems using Pediatric quality of life inventory PedsQL 4.0 generic core scale which was used to measure health-related quality of life in children and adolescent. In addition, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) used to evaluate psychological problems among children.
Setting: It was conducted at outpatient and hematological unit affiliated to Beni-Seuf University hospital.
Sample: The total children included in this study were 23 children of either sex, aged (7-18y). Children with physical or mental handicapped excluded from the study.
Results: The results of this study showed that more than two third of studied children scored medium level in physical and school function. As well as, there was no significant differences in thalassemic children health related quality of life domains post health instructions sessions where p > 0.05. Also these study findings demonstrated that 60% of children had extremely sever anxiety and 43.5% of them had severe depression. However, post health instruction sessions these findings showed statistical significant decline where p value = .001 and .000 respectively.
Conclusion: An important finding to emerge in this study is studied children with thalthemia had psychological problems with poorer health related quality of life. However, the results set out to the provision of health instructions for children with thalthemia and their parents had significant effect in improvement of children psychological problems. Unfortunately, there is no significant effect in their health related quality of life post instructions sessions. Thus, the results of this study suggest that the importance for the continuous heath educations program providing for thalassemic children and their parents by pediatric and psychiatric nurses. In addition, health team collaboration for monitoring psychological problems of children with thalassemia and assist children and their parents to more adjustment in their health related quality of life.
Perceived Credibility, Evaluation of Outcome and Attitude towards Behavioural Change in 360-Degree Assessment
Authors: Cheng Peter
Published: December 2016

This study analyzes how Perceived Credibility of a 360-degree feedback and Evaluation of Outcome impact on ratees’ attitudes towards behavioral change. The study adopts a qualitative-quantitative mixed method approach. Reasoned Action Theory was selected as the theoretical framework, and ten 360-degree assessment ratees were interviewed on their perceived credibility, evaluation of outcome and attitude toward behavioral change in the 360-degree assessment practices. The qualitative inputs were analyzed under the methodology of grounded theory. Additional 159 respondents participated in the quantitative research phase of the research to validate the findings in the qualitative research phase. It was validated that Perceived Credibility, Evaluation of Outcome has impact on Attitude Toward Behavioral Change in 360-degree assessment.
Managing Protected Areas in a Changing World: New Insights and Opportunities
Authors: Rashid A. Z. M. Manzoor , Mukul Sharif Ahmed
Published: December 2016

Establishment of protected areas (PAs) is one of the key global conservation strategies that currently cover approximately 15% of the earth’s land surface. Globally, PA networks are designed to curb the growing anthropogenic pressures in areas with high biological diversity. Despite the importance of PAs in conserving the vanishing biodiversity and unique habitats, many of them are in critical condition due to poor governance thus functioning below the expected level. Moreover, in many developing countries, the PA coverage is below the global standard. Recognizing their contemporary role in conservation, governments have recently agreed to expand the global PA coverage to 17% by the year 2020 (Aichi target 11). This book with eight chapters from different regions of the world provides an overview of the PAs governance, institutional mechanisms, conservation benefits, limitations and challenges associated with their respective policy discourse, integrated management, and functional attributes. Protected areas expect to to play an important role in the long rn in conservation and protection of biodiversity and ecosystems particularly in countries where population pressure and habitat loss are high. Regular intervention, political commitment, and effective governance are essential for the sustainability of PAs across the world. Here, we also attempted to shed some light on future development clues for the sustainable management and monitoring of PAs worldwide.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang Mycelium
Authors: Lin Wang-Ching , Deng Jeng-Shyan , Huang Shyh-Shyun , Wu Sheng-Hua , Chen Chin-Chu , Lin Wan-Rong , Lin Hui-Yi , Huang Guan-Jhong
Published: December 2016

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by inflammation of the lung tissue and oxidative injury caused by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Studies have suggested that anti-inflammatory or antioxidant agents could be used for the treatment of ALI with a good outcome. Therefore, our study aimed to test whether the mycelium extract of Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS-1), believed to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, could be used against the excessive inflammatory response associated with LPS-induced ALI in mice and to investigate its possible mechanism of action. The experimental results showed that the administration of SS-1 could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation. SS-1 could reduce the number of inflammatory cells, inhibit MPO activity, regulate the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and the signal transduction of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the lung tissue, and inhibit HNGB1 activity in BALF. In addition, SS-1 could affect the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and Trx-1 in the lung tissue and regulate signal transduction in the KAP1/Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. Histological results showed that administration of SS-1 prior to induction could inhibit the large-scale LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration of the lung tissue. Therefore, based on all experimental results, we propose that SS-1 exhibits a protective effect against LPS-induced (ALI) in mice. The mycelium of S. sanghuang can potentially be used for the treatment or prevention of inflammation-related diseases
Anticoagulation strategies in heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia associated with renal replacement therapy
Authors: Hart Robert , Campbell Johan , Dalchow Stephan
Published: December 2016

A 39‐yr‐old male was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) following thoracic and abdominal crush injuries. He subsequently developed multiple organ failure requiring respiratory, cardiovascular and renal support. Eight days after admission he was diagnosed with heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Anticoagulation to maintain continuous veno‐venous haemofiltration (CVVH) proved difficult using standard therapies due to both bleeding and thrombotic complications. Anticoagulation was achieved using bivalirudin, a direct thrombin inhibitor, which is not currently licensed to treat HIT unless associated with cardiac surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention. In this case report, we discuss the successful use of bivalirudin as an alternative means of anticoagulation in a patient with HIT receiving CVVH.
Pyrexia induced Brugada syndrome in a patient undergoing emergency surgery
Authors: Woodgate Andrew , Lloyd James , Jackson Mark
Published: December 2016

A 44‐yr‐old male presented with intra‐abdominal sepsis and was listed for an emergency laparoscopic appendicectomy. During the course of his management it became apparent that he suffered from Brugada syndrome which manifest as a grossly abnormal ECG pattern that mimicked an ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Both STEMI and Brugada syndrome are potentially life threatening conditions that require very different treatment plans. The patient's abnormal ECG pattern resolved quickly after management of his sepsis and angiography was not required. A delay in surgery due to the misdiagnosis of a STEMI in septic patients with pyrexia‐induced Brugada syndrome may lead to a deterioration in their condition with potentially life threatening consequences. For this reason it is important that anaesthetists are aware of this relatively rare condition and have some understanding regarding its management.
The intubating laryngeal mask airway for blind intubation in a patient with life‐threatening neck haematoma
Authors: Athanassoglou Vassilis , Rai Mridula
Published: December 2016

We describe the successful use of the intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) in a 53‐yr‐old man with life threatening airway obstruction due to a postoperative haematoma in the neck. Attempts at securing the airway using an awake fibreoptic technique and ILMA‐assisted fibreoptic intubation were unsuccessful due to extensive oropharyngeal and laryngeal oedema that resulted in inability to visualise any anatomical landmarks. A patent airway was established through an intubating laryngeal mask airway using a blind technique. We present this case to highlight the unique features of the ILMA that make it invaluable in airway emergencies, and to emphasise its role in the Difficult Airway Society (DAS) guidelines.
The implications of Botulinum toxin A (Botox) injections and neuromuscular monitoring
Authors: Saxena Rohit , Hornby Vivienne
Published: December 2016

At the end of a surgical operation, adequate reversal of neuromuscular blockade before extubation, is essential to ensure satisfactory respiratory effort. Train of four (TOF) stimulation of a motor nerve is often used by the anaesthetist, in addition to clinical examination, to aid the requirement and timing of administration of reversal agents [1,2]. This case report highlights one of the important limitations of this widely used test due to an iatrogenic cause.
Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in the management of an obstructed airway
Authors: Ren Xianfeng , Li Chenghui , Li Jian
Published: December 2016

We present a case in which veno‐venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV‐ECMO) was implemented, along with general anaesthesia, for resection of a large endotracheal tumour obstructing the airway just proximal to the carina. To control oxygenation prompt implementation of ECMO was instituted under sedation before induction of general anaesthesia. The advantage of ECMO was demonstrated in a challenging situation where mechanical ventilation of the lungs was impossible.

Airway obstruction at the level of the carina poses a great challenge to every anaesthetist. There are few case reports on the successful use of ECMO during procedures involving the difficult airway [1‐3]. As far as we are aware this is hte first case report describing the use of ECMO to facilitate bronchoscopic resection of a tumour at the level of the carina causing near complete airway obstruction.
P2P lending as an alternative to bank lending in Ukraine
Authors: Lavryk Alexander
Published: December 2016

The goal of the article is to consider peer-to-peer lending and its interaction with bank lending that creates an aggregate hybrid lending. The article’s objective is the research of development of P2P lending on the financial market and beyond, which is particularly relevant today. This goal is achieved by using the methods of evaluation and comparative analysis of different principles, which makes it possible to structure the general scientific understanding of P2P lending with the help of statistical methods. The study of the dynamics and structure of peer-to-peer lending in various countries for the period 2005-2016 led to the conclusion that in Ukraine, there is a decline in the share of bank lending in favor of peer-to-peer lending in the total amount of loans with an increasing role of non-bank and hybrid forms of len-ding in ensuring economic growth.
Keywords: peer-to-peer lending, banking institutions, credit portfolios of banks, investments, financial intermediaries, financial intermediation. JEL Classification: A1, G21, G24