bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of intravenous colistin nephrotoxicity in hospitalized patients
Authors: Rosas Espinoza Cristian , Caro Teller José Manuel , Maestro de la Calle Guillermo , Arrieta Loitegui María , Ferrari Piquero José Miguel ,   Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Spain
Published: November 2020

Objectives. The increase in infections with multidrug resistant bacteria has forced to return to the use of colistin, antibiotic with known nephrotoxicity. The aim of the study is to determine the incidence of colistin nephrotoxicity nowadays. Material and methods. Retrospective-observational-unicentric study was collected hospitalized patients in intravenous colistin treatment during the years 2018-2019. Nephrotoxicity was defined according to the RIFLE scale. The variables to determine it were serum creatinine (sCr) and glomerular filtration (GF). The variables analyzed were age, sex, treatment duration, loading and cumulative dose, empirical/targeted treatment, chronic kidney disease, concomitant use of intravenous contrast and nephrotoxic drugs. Results. A total of 90 patients (60% men) were included, with an average age of 58.2±18.1 years. The mean duration of treatment was 9±8.3 days, with an average cumulative dose of 69.8±71MU. There were no differences between sCr and GF at the beginning and end of treatment. The incidence of nephrotoxicity was 1.73 cases/100 days of treatment (prevalence of 15.56%). Conclusions. Colistin nephrotoxicity has an important incidence, without developing severe illness.
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antidiabetic Potential of Silver Nanoparticles using Eugenia Uniflora L. Seed Extract
Authors: Dugganaboyana Guru Kumar , Mukunda Chethankumar , Inakanally Suresh Darshini
Published: November 2020

In recent years, green nanotechnology-based approaches using plant materials have been accepted as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach with various biomedical applications. In the current study, AgNPs were synthesized using the seed extract of the Eugenia uniflora L. (E.uniflora). Characterization was done using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses. The formation of AgNPs has confirmed through UV-Visible spectroscopy (at 466 nm) by the change of color owing to surface Plasmon resonance. Based on the XRD pattern, the crystalline property of AgNPs was established. The functional group existing in seed of E.uniflora extract accountable for the reduction of Ag+ ion and the stabilization of AgNPs was investigated. The morphological structures and elemental composition was determined by SEM and EDX analysis. With the growing application of AgNPs in biomedical perspectives, the biosynthesized AgNPs were evaluated for their antibacterial and along with their antidiabetic potential. The results showed that AgNPs are extremely effective with potent antidiabetic potential at a very low concentration. It also exhibited potential antibacterial activity against the three tested human pathogenic bacteria. Overall, the results highlight the effectiveness and potential applications of AgNPs in biomedical fields such as in the treatment of acute illnesses as well as in drug formulation for treating various diseases such as cancer and diabetes. It could be concluded that E. uniflora seed extract AgNPs can be used efficiently for in vitro evaluation of their antibacterial and antidiabetic effects with potent biomedical applications.
Post-Quantum Network Security:McEliece and Niederreiter Cryptosystems Analysis and Education Issues
Authors: Vambol Aleksei , Kharchenko Vyacheslav , Potii Olexandr , Bardis Nikos
Published: November 2020

The paper is aimed at analyzing of the classical McEliece and Niederreiter cryptosystems as well as theQuasi-Cyclic MDPC McEliece cipher in a context of the post-quantum network security. Theoretical foundations ofthe aforesaid cryptographic schemes are considered. The characteristics of the given cryptosystems and otherasymmetric encryption schemes are analyzed. The cipher metrics, which are considered in the paper, includecryptographic strength, performance, public key size and length of ciphertext. The binary Goppa codes are describedin the context of their role for the cryptanalytic resistance of the classic McEliece and Niederreiter schemes. Thecrucial advantages and drawbacks of the aforementioned cryptosystems are analyzed. The prospects for applicationof these ciphers to the network security protocols are outlined. The investigations, which are aimed at finding waysto reduce the public key sizes and improve the energy efficiency of the given ciphers, are briefly described. A neweducational module “Introduction to Post-Quantum Cryptography” is presented
VARIASI METODE DAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Rusiadi Rusiadi
Published: November 2020

Komponen variasi mengajar dengan menggunakan variasi metode dan variasi penggunaan media semestinya dilaksanakan secara optimal oleh guru dalam penyampaian materi pelajaran, karena dalam proses pembelajaran masih terdapat sebagian siswa cenderung pasif dalam melakukan aktivitas belajarnya. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan siswa pasif tersebut adalah kurangnya variasi metode dan media dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Ketika guru menyajikan materi pelajaran dengan tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran, maka proses komunikasi antara guru dengan siswa cenderung menggunakan pola satu arah.

Suatu kegiatan guru dalam konteks proses interaksi belajar-mengajar yang ditujukan untuk mengatasi kebosanan murid sehingga dalam situasi belajar-mengajar, murid senatiasa menunjukkan ketekunan, antusiasme, serta penuh partisipasi. Untuk itu sebagai guru perlu melatih diri agar menguasai keterampilan tersebut.
Origen y desarrollo de la teoría del conocimiento
Authors: Moncada Tarazona Julian Alberto
Published: November 2020

Para empezar con el abordaje de esta temática, se hace necesario contextualizar al lector con el fin de guiarlo hacia un proceso de comprensión más dinámico, por tal razón, como primer momento se aterrizará el concepto de filosofía para consolidar unas bases teórico-cognitivas fuertes y a partir de allí se ira avanzando en complejidad hasta el punto de brindar algunas herramientas necesarias y pertinentes para realizar un proceso de exegesis frente a la Génesis y el desarrollo de la teoría del conocimiento. Posteriormente se analizará el origen del conocimiento iniciando un trasegar histórico desde los primeros seres humanos, pasando por la Grecia clásica y conociendo a los filósofos naturalistas, los filósofos presocráticos, y los 3 grandes filósofos griegos universales (Sócrates, platón y Aristóteles). Acto seguido, se conocerá el desarrollo de la filosofía en la edad media, dado por una fusión cultural que derivo en unas transformaciones sociales y filosóficas propias de las condiciones que se afrontaban y que por lo general giraban en torno a la concepción Teocentrista. Avanzando cronológicamente, se abordará la edad moderna o época de descubrimiento, donde surgen movimientos filosóficos que van en contra del periodo inmediatamente anterior y donde se privilegia una nueva tendencia hacia la razón. Por último, se aborda la época contemporánea como momento de auge científico que trae consigo una crisis social y una tensión global, producto de las consecuencias del desarrollo desenfrenado, que para algunos no representa un progreso para la humanidad.
realidad de los sistemas educativos del siglo XXI. Una ruta de mejoramiento para responder a las necesidades de una sociedad en desarrollo creciente, del saber, digitalizada y globalizada
Authors: Martinez Diaz Luis Alfredo
Published: November 2020

Este artículo presenta un recorrido analítico generalizado del estado actual de los sistemas educativos en el contexto internacional, con base en la revisión de información de la UNESCO, la OCDE, otras instituciones locales e internaciones oficiales, e información obtenida de artículos de investigación en el campo de la educación. Así mismo, se analiza la crisis educativa actual, y los factores sociales, políticos y económicos que confluyen en ella. Se destaca la importancia de la educación a lo largo de la vida, como vehículo para la trasformación social, y promover el crecimiento y desarrollo de los países de una forma más justa y equitativa. Finalmente, se plantean premisas y postulados sobre los desafíos de los sistemas educativos actuales, haciendo énfasis en la perspectiva educativa que implica el siglo XXI, y como debe abordarse para generar una reflexión acerca del modelo de educación requerido, para formar ciudadanos capaces de vivir pacíficamente en armonía con el medio ambiente y acceder al conocimiento y desarrollo del mundo globalizado.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Brand Communication of Project Mom and Baby Universe at the Store Raja Susu in Creating Brand Awareness, Shopper Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention on Danone Specialized Nutrition Product Consumers
Authors: Putra Fery Ade
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Brand Communication (Project Mom and Baby Universe) on brand awareness, shopper satisfaction and repurchase intention of Danone Specialized Nutrition products at Raja Susu Store. Done by distributing questionnaires to 100-150 respondents who have or are buying Danone Specialist Nutrition products at the Raja Susu Store. Quantitative analysis using the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method, the path analysis model is used for technical analysis.
Az idegenrendészeti hatóság tevékenysége rendkívüli migrációs helyzetben
Authors: Balázs László
Published: November 2020

The author provides an overview of recently adopted measure for controlling illegal mass migration in Hungary.
Afrique médiane, Afrique équatoriale : milieu et histoire
Authors: Pourtier Roland
Published: November 2020

L’Afrique médiane est, d’abord, une Afrique équatoriale, ce qui légitime la question des liens de causalité, généralement occultés, entre les milieux équatoriaux et l’organisation sociale et politique des populations. Pendant des siècles, le centre de l’Afrique a été ponctionné par la traite esclavagiste qui a contribué à façonner les ­territoires entre les océans Indien et Atlantique, laissant des traces dans les mémoires collectives. Depuis les débuts de la colonisation jusqu’à aujourd’hui, le prélèvement de matières premières a remplacé celui des hommes, dans une nouvelle mondialisation, toujours asymétrique. La République démocratique du Congo illustre le paradoxe d’un pays potentiellement riche de ses ressources naturelles mais qui ne parvient pas à s’extraire de la pauvreté. Le basculement géopolitique en cours vers l’Asie, Chine et Inde en particulier, y renouvelle les acteurs externes mais perpétue le système rentier. Dans le temps long, la démographie joue sa partition à la croisée du milieu et de l’histoire.
Situation sanitaire de la République démocratique du Congo en 2020
Authors: Migliani René , Amat-Roze Jeanne-Marie
Published: November 2020

Près de vingt ans après le numéro de la revue Hérodote consacré à l’Afrique médiane où seuls les aspects humanitaires et sanitaires liés au conflit rwandais avaient été abordés, décrire la situation sanitaire actuelle de la République démocratique du Congo est un observatoire pour juger du développement de ce pays sur la période. Des affections, la rougeole, les endémies prioritaires, le paludisme, l’infection à VIH-sida, la tuberculose et deux maladies émergentes épidémiques, la maladie à virus Ebola et la maladie à coronavirus 2019, montrent que ce vaste pays se remet encore des conflits des années 1990, et a du mal à se développer et à sortir de la pauvreté. Les carences du système de santé sont encore grandes, bien que la part du budget de l’État alloué à la santé ait été nettement améliorée. L’accès aux soins et aux activités de prévention est difficile, notamment pour les femmes et les enfants. Grâce à l’aide internationale les endémies prioritaires commencent à reculer et certaines épidémies peuvent être ­contrôlées, notamment la ­maladie à virus Ebola.
Accaparement foncier et officialisation de la propriété privée au Kenya
Authors: Médard Claire , Duvail Stéphanie
Published: November 2020

La conception vernaculaire des accaparements fonciers, au Kenya, souligne les responsabilités de l’État, dans la mesure où le pouvoir s’est construit historiquement autour du contrôle foncier. Elle introduit aussi la notion de la légitimité d’une appropriation, qui serait fonction de l’appartenance ethnique ou nationale. L’accent mis sur les acteurs et les échelles de l’officialisation de la propriété de la terre permet de poser différemment la question d’une souveraineté « ethnique » ou « nationale » à partir du contrôle foncier et des formalisations contrastées de la propriété. Des études de cas mettent en lumière les transformations locales du contrôle foncier pour mieux saisir les articulations de pouvoir aussi bien dans le cas d’acquisitions foncières internationales que dans celui d’accaparements fonciers domestiques.
Enjeux entre la famille, l’adolescent et l’hôpital de jour : une famille dans un hôpital de jour pour adolescents
Authors: Baudelaire Karine
Published: November 2020

Dans cet article, nous étudierons la dynamique qui existe dans le triangle adolescent-famille-hôpital de jour, au niveau de ces trois sous-systèmes et de leurs interactions. Nous exposeront les représentations que nous pouvons en avoir ainsi que les mécanismes susceptibles d’empêcher une évolution. Pour finir, nous aborderons des pistes de travail pour soutenir le processus d’autonomisation.
Traumas chez les enfants et prise en charge thérapeutique
Authors: Silvestre Michel
Published: November 2020

Dans cet article nous présenterons une prise en charge intégrative du traumatisme chez l’enfant, prise en charge s’appuyant sur une articulation de la clinique individuelle et de la clinique relationnelle. Nous rappellerons quelques notions sur le psychotraumatisme et sur la thérapie EMDR. Deux cas cliniques illustreront nos propos et interrogeront le lecteur : Entretiens familiaux systémiques au service de la thérapie EMDR, ou thérapie familiale articulée avec une prise en charge EMDR ?
The wisdom of the crowd in dynamic economies
Authors: Dindo Pietro , Massari Filippo
Published: November 2020

The wisdom of the crowd applied to financial markets asserts that prices represent a consensus belief that is more accurate than individual beliefs. However, a market selection argument implies that prices eventually reflect only the beliefs of the most accurate agent. In this paper, we show how to reconcile these alternative points of view. In markets in which agents naively learn from equilibrium prices, a dynamic wisdom of the crowd holds. Market participation increases agents' accuracy, and equilibrium prices are more accurate than the most accurate agent.
Measurement of serum interferon alpha in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and evaluation of its effect on disease activity: a case-control study
Authors: Fayed A. , El Menyawi M.M. , Ghanema M. , Shaker O. , Elgohary R.
Published: November 2020

Much evidence highlighted the role of interferon alpha (IFN-α) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and suggested its possible role in assessing disease activity. We measured serum IFN-α in Egyptian SLE patients in order to determine a cutoff value that can be used to distinguish patients from healthy controls and explored its clinical value in monitoring disease activity and different aspects of the disease, in particular lupus nephritis. This cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted on 59 SLE patients and 30 healthy controls. Serum IFN-α was measured in all participants using sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SLE patients underwent assessment of disease activity using the SLE disease activity index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) as well as an evaluation of proteinuria, complement C3 and C4, and serology. Patients with evidence of renal involvement underwent renal biopsy. The median serum IFN-α was 81.8 pg/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 63.4:102.4), which was significantly higher than in healthy controls (median 10.3 pg/mL [IQR 7.3:11.6]) (p<0.001). At serum level of 14.7 pg/mL, IFN-α has high sensitivity and specificity to discriminate SLE patients from controls, with high positive and negative predictive values. Serum IFN-α was not associated with markers of disease activity, clinical features and anti-double stranded DNA. Furthermore, it was not associated with markers of renal activity, including proteinuria, C3 and C4 complement factors and histopathology renal classes. Despite elevated levels of serum IFN-α in SLE patients, it is not possible to use it as a biomarker for disease activity.
LA BARRERA LINGÜÍSTICA EN MIGRANTES: PERCEPCIONES DE INTEGRANTES DE ESCUELAS CHILENAS Y EXPERTOS EN EL TEMA MIGRATORIO CON RESPECTO A LA INCLUSIÓN EDUCATIVA
Authors: Romo López Eliana Verónica , Espejo Leupin Roberto Mauricio , Césped Pardo Viviana Andrea , Beltrán Leal Christian
Published: November 2020

Se busca indagar en la percepción que tiene la comunidad escolar y algunos expertos, en relación al fenómeno de la migración haitiana y las dificultades lingüísticas como factor de inclusión educativa. El estudio se aborda desde un enfoque cualitativo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a directivos, profesores y apoderados de niños y niñas migrantes y no migrantes, de dos centros educacionales chilenos, así como a expertos relacionados con las temáticas. Los resultados señalan que, si bien no existen situaciones de discriminación, la verdadera inclusión, especialmente lingüística, aún no está presente. Se concluye en la urgencia de modificar la política migratoria del país y de avanzar a la reestructuración de los proyectos educativos para abordar adaptaciones curriculares pertinentes, que faciliten la verdadera inclusión de estudiantes haitianos.
CREENCIAS DE PROFESORAS DE EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA ACERCA DE LA EDUCACIÓN EN CIENCIAS Y GÉNERO: UN ESTUDIO DE CASO AL ENSEÑAR CIENCIAS NATURALES EN LA ESCUELA
Authors: Melo Letelier Giselle Francis , Martínez Galaz Carolina Paz , Camacho González Johanna Patricia
Published: November 2020

Esta investigación exploratoria buscó comprender las creencias de dos profesoras de Educación Básica sobre la relación género-enseñanza de las ciencias. Mediante un estudio de caso, se analizaron entrevistas y observaciones de clases bajo el método de comparación. Las creencias de ambas participantes son similares. Sus creencias sobre la enseñanza de las ciencias son coincidentes con los objetivos de la Didáctica y para ambas el respeto es fundamental en la vinculación con sus estudiantes. Ambas tienen creencias binarias sobre el género, lo que se expresa también en sus creencias sobre las ciencias. Los constructos sociales permean su quehacer en el aula mostrando diferencias entre lo que creen hacer y lo que hacen. Durante los plenarios se observa una interacción, retroalimentación y designación de roles diferenciadas. Finalmente, se identifican modelos de género, posibilidades para tratar la perspectiva de género y desafíos para la investigación en el área.
Weighted mixed-norm $L_p$-estimates for elliptic and parabolic equations in non-divergence form with singular coefficients
Authors: Dong Hongjie , Phan Tuoc
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we study non-divergence form elliptic and parabolic equations with singular coefficients. Weighted and mixed-norm

L_p

-estimates and solvability are established under suitable partially weighted BMO conditions on the coefficients. When the coefficients are constants, the operators are reduced to extensional operators which arise in the study of fractional heat equations and fractional Laplace equations. Our results are new even in this setting and in the unmixed norm case. For the proof, we explore and utilize the special structures of the equations to show both interior and boundary Lipschitz estimates for solutions and for higher-order derivatives of solutions to homogeneous equations. We then employ the perturbation method by using the Fefferman–Stein sharp function theorem, the Hardy–Littlewood maximal function theorem, as well as a weighted Hardy’s inequality.
Comparison between Optical Fiber Amplifiers of Information Signals
Authors: AL-Gawagzeh Mohammed Yousef
Published: November 2020

This research is devoted for reviewing a differe nt types of fiber optical amplifiers for construction the optical system of transmission such erbium-doped fiber amplifi er (EDFA), Thulium-doped fiber amplifier (TDFA), Compelle d Combinational Dispersion (CCD), their principles of wo,r k advantages, and disadvantages, with purpose of increasing eth pass band spectrum and to decrease some disadvantages su ch attenuation and dispersion. also considered a suggested metho d of simultaneous stokes and anti-stokes strengthening of compelled combinational dispersion in fibers
Legal Instruments Related to Refugees’ Mental Health Care: From Greek Legislation to Practice
Authors:   Dept. of Health, Moreno Anna Carolina
Published: November 2020

Since the titled Global Refugee Crisis of 2013, the number of refugees has been constantly increasing. In 2018, the global number of persons of concern identified by UNHCR was 70.8 million, of which more than 25.9 million were refugees, and about half of them were below the age of 18. Refugees are subjected to multiple risk factors before, during, and after their displacement. Besides, the conditions why they had to flee their countries, the insecurity, and anxiety connected to their future, inter alia, are among the stressors that may affect refugees mental well-being. The relation between the existing international instruments related to refugees, mainly those concerning their right to health and the actual care they receive, compose complex scenery that asks for more attention to allow refugees to have positive outcomes, such as improving their mental well-being, which assists in social inclusion. This paper aimed at showing the gap between active mental health care rights and government practices, specifically those within the Greek context. This was made through exploratory research of qualitative nature, based on literature from the period of 2009-2019 and legal and international documents related to descriptors such as mental health care and refugees.
Public gardens: a means of biodiversity conservation in Cocody, Cote d’Ivoiree
Authors:   Ph.D.Economic Geography, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, KOUAME Koffi Jean Marius Boris
Published: November 2020

Our gardens , marshes , ponds, and forests are natural environment with remarkable flora and fauna, but they are sometimes threatened by human activity. The degradation of the natural environment spares no state. However, more writers are writing on the degradation of gardens while minimizing the conservation aspect of biodiversity. The aim of this article is to show the role of natural areas in the conservation of biodiversity. The municipality of Cocody, a study area that has benefited from an urban development plan integrating green spaces in its development, has for some years been experiencing a degradation of its environment with the consequence of the disappearance of animal and plant species such as chlorophyllians, ensuring the most of organic production, by making the organic matter on which all other organisms will depend. Solutions have been proposed for sustainable conservation of biodiversity at different levels.
Motivation of Secondary School Students to Perform Well in a Test According to its Evaluative Function: The Influence of the Gender Variable
Authors:   Professor, Directeur du département d’éducation ET pédagogie (DEP) (Director of the Department of Education and Pedagogy (DEP)) Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) Casse postale 8888, succursale Centre-villeMontréal (Québec) H3C3P8 Canada, Ndinga Pascal
Published: November 2020

This article presents the results of a study comparing girls (81) and boys (74) in grade 8 in high school and their motivation to pass a test based on its evaluative function. The following techniques were used: correlation (r), t-tests for matched samples, Hotelling T2 multivariate and multiple regression test. The results showed that overall, the evaluative function of the test does not affect students’ level of motivation to complete it. However, genders showed differing motivation to pass the test based on its evaluative function. In addition the “amotivation” sub-scale could prove to be an effective tool to prevent dropping out, particularly among boys.
Medical Error in Psychiatry - Brazilian Analysis and Proposal For A Doctor's Protection Protocol
Authors:   PhD student in Health Sciences - Medical School of São José do Rio Preto - SP - Brazil - Street Dr. Raul Silva, 347, Redentora, Zip Code: 15015-020-000, City: São José do Rio Preto/São Paulo - Brazil, do Vale Homaile Mascarin
Published: November 2020

There is an increase in the number of medical malpractice cases all over the world and the detachment of the role of the judiciary and the real practice of medical activity is striking, converging to a weakness of the doctor in the face of a system that does not advocate the equalization of plaintiff and defendant in the process, bringing procedural difficulties to the doctor due to the legislation, especially the Brazilian. In a transdisciplinary way, permeating the law and medicine, the article mapped the operation of the Brazilian judiciary in the face of medical error and, specifically, measured how the state power understands cases about psychiatry, a specialty that is difficult to prove medical error. It was analyzed statistically how Brazilian courts behave, creating a procedural diagnosis of justice. This research offers a protection protocol to the psychiatrist inspired by the General Data Protection Law, which in turn comes from the European General Data Protection Regulation and the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 to address the procedural vulnerability of the doctor in medical error processes respecting patient privacy and intimacy, applicable and adaptable to countries and continents that have legislation for specific data protection. The article concludes by critically analyzing the format of processing and judgment of medical malpractice cases in Brazil, proposing a multidisciplinary configuration in search of real justice.
FACTORS AFFECTING DIVIDEND PAYMENT POLICY
Authors: Bana Agung
Published: November 2020

Dividend payments are a routine activity that is usually done by the company once a year. Before dividend payments are made many factors are considered before the company pays the dividends. This study aims to determine what factors affect the payment of dividends. The sample used in this study is all non-financial sector companies that pay dividends for 3 consecutive years 2016 to 2018. This study uses the Eviews test tool and uses multiple regression tests. The results of this study indicate that profitability, life cycle and company size have positive effects while liquidity, cash flow, growth opportunities and leverage have no effect on dividend payout policies.

 
The Role of Social Media Marketing Activities on Customer Equity Drivers and Customer Loyalty
Authors: Anggraini Vika Ansy , Hananto Arga
Published: November 2020

During the past few years, adoption of e-commerce in Indonesia has been increasing along with other trends in information , communication and technology sector such as widespread use of smartphones and social media.  To promote its services, e-commerce firms have also embraced social media and carry out social media marketing activities. This study is aimed to test the influence of social media marketing activities toward customer loyalty through customer equity drivers (i.e. Value Equity, Brand Equity, dan Relationship Equity.). A survey was conducted using convenience sampling technique to select respondents. A total of 161 usable responses were used in the main data analysis. This study found support for the five dimensions of social media marketing activities suggested from previous study. Furthermore,  this study found that social media marketing activities affect value equity, brand equity and relationship equity. This study also found that two customer equity drivers (brand equity and relationship equity)had a positive effect on customer loyalty, while value equity had a positive effect on customer loyalty, but it was not significant. Discussion and managerial implications were also discussed in this study
Influence of basic soil treatment methods on productivity of various links of grain crop rotation
Authors: Mamsirov N. I. , Khatkov K. Kh. , Makarov A. A.
Published: November 2020

Crop rotation in agriculture plays an important role. It provides a certain opportunity to assess the state of agricultural production, to analyze the elements of agricultural technologies used in specific natural and climatic conditions, to identify drawbacks, if any, and reasonably direct them towards optimization. The article discusses topical issues of increasing the productivity of field crops in the links of crop rotation against the background of their placement in various ways of the main processing of merged leached chernozems. During 2016–2019 agricultural years studies were carried out to establish the optimal method of soil cultivation and determine the proportion of the influence of predecessors on the productivity of the main crop of the foothill zone of Adygea – winter wheat, in various links of the crop rotation. According to the results of the research, different efficiency of the considered links of graintilled crop rotation was established. So, higher indicators of crop rotation yield and the total yield of fodder units would be achieved against the background of plowing to a depth of 22–24 cm. If we judge the productivity of a particular link in the crop rotation by the yield of winter wheat, it should be noted that in the link «soya-winter wheat», it was maximum and amounted to 4,90–5,86 t/ha, and the average productivity of the unit was 4,80 t/ha of feed units.
Influence of agrochemicals on the quality of tobacco raw materials
Authors: Plotnikova T. V. , Sidorova N. V. , Perezhogina T. A.
Published: November 2020

In 2016–2017 at the experimental selection site of ARSRITTP the influence of modern agrochemicals of Potassium Humate, Bio Fish, Plantafol, Mikrovit, Rexolin ABC, Floroni of the traditional mineral fertilizer ammonium nitrate on the quality of tobacco raw materials of the Virginia variety type from the world collection of the Institute was studied. The dominant indicators of the smoking benefits of tobacco are proteins, nicotine, carbohydrates and chlorine. It has been determined that three-fold foliar treatment of tobacco seedlings in the main phases of development «cross», «ligules» and «fit for planting» with complex agrochemicals improves the chemical composition of tobacco raw materials, and does not change the quantitative indicators of nicotine. The content of water-soluble carbohydrates in raw materials increased by 4–60% and 7–57%, the amount of proteins decreased by 3–11% and 8–16%, respectively, for the years under study. The preplanting application of ammonium nitrate to the soil reduces the quality of raw tobacco. Fertilizer in doses of N60 and N90 helped to reduce the amount of nicotine in tobacco over two years of research by 4–8%, and in doses of N120 and N150 to increase it by 1,5–15,0%. A decrease in the content of carbohydrates in the raw material was established with a decrease in the doses of ammonium nitrate by 39–235% relative to the control. The protein content was at the level of the variant without treatment. The amount of chlorine in the raw material is determined within the permissible limits for good flammability of tobacco (less than 0,4%).
Research of non-smoking products for oral consumption
Authors: Don T. A. , Kalashnikov S. V. , Mirgorodskaya A. G.
Published: November 2020

A non-smoking, nicotine-containing, non-tobacco product is new to Russia. There are no normative legal documents regulating circulation, production, certification, control methods and ingredient composition. The composition of the product is not controlled. The absence of state regulation, technical requirements and regulatory documents for nontobacco nicotine-containing products, control methods and methods for its identification is a serious problem today, and the solution of the listed problems is extremely important and urgent. This situation has led to the appearance of a large number of products produced by semihandicraft methods. Technical conditions for their production are the property of a manufacturer, which allows unscrupulous manufacturers to manufacture a product that often represents a real threat to the health of consumers. The research began in 2018 in the Laboratory of technology for the manufacture of tobacco and tobacco products and aimed at solving the following problems: – monitoring of the Russian market of non-smoking nicotine-containing products for oral consumption; – research of consumer characteristics of brands of this type of products; – obtaining experimental data for an objective assessment of the toxic load of the test samples. The work was carried out according to the program developed in the laboratory using the following methods: – visual inspection (establishes the appearance of the consumer packaging and the labels on the packaging); – organoleptic and tasting assessment (establish consumer characteristics of the product); – establishment of individual characteristics (presence or absence of tobacco); – determination of physical, chemical and toxic indicators of the product: humidity, fractional composition, nicotine content.
Influence of treatment of tobacco leaves with microwave radiation on quality indicators and quantitative composition of raw tobacco raw materials
Authors: Pestova L. P. , Vinevsky E. I. , Chernov A. V.
Published: November 2020

Technologies for obtaining expanded tobacco have been developed, which make it possible to increase the volume of tobacco leaves up to 50% and reduce the consumption of tobacco raw materials in the manufacture of smoking articles by up to 30%. However, they have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the tasting evaluation of raw materials. The subject of the research is to determine the effect of microwave radiation when processing freshly harvested tobacco leaves on improving the qualitative and quantitative indicators of tobacco raw materials. The object of the research is freshly harvested leaves of three botanical varieties of tobacco grown at the experimental site of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «All-Russian Research Institute of tobacco, makhorka and tobacco products», harvested in the condition of technical maturity. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of microwave- radiation treatment of tobacco leaves during their post-harvest processing on the possibility of obtaining expanded tobacco and on the qualitative and quantitative composition of raw tobacco. The following has been established: the obtained raw tobacco in terms of dimensional characteristics is similar to expanded tobacco obtained under factory conditions; carbohydrate-protein ratio (Shmuk’s number) in comparison with the control on has increased 2,5–4,5 times, and the nicotine content has decreased 1,3–1,4 times; the conventional consumption of raw tobacco for the manufacture of cigarettes is reduced by 8 ... 17% in comparison with the control one, depending on the drying technology. The results of the studies have revealed the positive effect of microwave radiation when processing freshly harvested tobacco leaves on the improvement of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of raw tobacco.
Major factors responsible for child malnutrition: a review
Authors: Noor Shahid  , Faiza Salman  , Mahnaz Makhdum  , Admin
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Pakistan is one of the countries in which children suffer from malnutrition, and problems of stunting, wasting and under-weight are common among children. The narrative review was planned to examine published research on child malnutrition, factors associated with malnutrition, gender discrimination regarding nutrition and their related outcomes. Studies included were those based on data related to child malnutrition in Pakistan. Total 12 articles from the preceding five years were reviewed to assess the nutritional status prevailing in Pakistan. Most of the studies used the World Health Organisation z-scores for the assessment of stunting and wasting.
Unsynchronised Cardioversion as a Cause of Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Pshezhetskiy Dmitry , Alam Tanveer , Alshaker Heba
Published: November 2020

Background: Synchronised cardioversion (SC) is used to terminate tachycardic arrhythmia by applying electric current to the thorax. SC is synchronised to the R wave of the cardiac cycle and ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) can occur if an electrical shock is provided in a nonsynchronised way. Case Presentation: Here we present a case of a 66-year-old man who had elective cardioversion for atrial fibrillation worsened by severe left ventricular impairment. A manual defibrillator was used for the cardioversion, which, after the first synchronised shock, reverted to defibrillator mode. An unsynchronised shock was administered and induced VT, which was reverted to sinus rhythm with a defibrillation shock. Conclusion: When using manual defibrillator for SC, the machine needs to be set to a synchronised mode. The synchronisation to the R wave needs to be checked before every shock.
Graduate Students' Perceived Contribution of Scholarship Grants to Academic Success
Authors:   Department of Development Communication, Visayas State University, Philippines, Cagasan Editha , Belonias Beatriz ,   Office of the Vice President for Academic Affairs, Visayas State University, Philippines, Cuadra Maria Efrelij ,   Development Communication Department, Bukidnon State University, Malaybalay, Bukidnon
Published: November 2020

To improve the production of high-level human resources that can spearhead efforts to attain national development, many countries, including the Philippines, have provided scholarship grants to interested professionals for them to pursue advanced degrees. This study aimed to find out graduate students' perceived contribution of scholarship grants to their academic success. We gathered data through a survey of 46 scholars who pursued graduate studies at the Visayas State University. To supplement the survey data, we conducted a focus group discussion with seven scholars who were not among the survey respondents. Results showed that participants considered their scholarship grants as contributors to their academic success. These grants motivated them to perform well academically and finish their respective degrees within the time allotted for their study. The scholarship grants provided funds for their school and living expenses, thus encouraging them to complete their degrees on time. Since their scholarships facilitated their completion of graduate degrees, they said it also contributed to their career development. Their scholarship also enabled them to improve their knowledge and skills, opened better career opportunities, and boost their selfconfidence to apply for jobs with higher compensation. They also considered their scholarship as a plus factor in their job applications.
A comparative study of two-stage versus single-stage repair
of severe Hypospadias
Authors: krishna murthy sabbani
Published: November 2020

Background: The main aim of hypospadias repair is to preserve
the urethral plate whenever possible. This study was
undertaken to compare the outcome of repair of severe
hypospadias with moderate chordee by single-stage Snodgrass
with two-stage repair with dermal graft corporoplasty.
Methods: This prospective cross-section study was done in
the Department of Urology, Chalmida Anand Rao Institute of
Medical Sciences, Bommakal, Karimnagar. The selection of the
patients the type of surgery was based on the type of case. A
total of n=31 patients were operated for severe hypospadias
out of which n=14 single surgeries and n=17 two-staged
surgeries were performed.
Results: N=25 patients were found with a moderate degree of
chordee. No complications were found in n=11(78.57%) in
single-stage repairs and two-stage repairs n=15(88.23%) were
without complications the p values were found to be 0.012
which is significant. HOSE scores Erection correction was better
in two staged surgeries as compared to single-stage repairs
with p values <0.001 which is considered significant.
Conclusion: We can conclude that the repair of severe
hypospadias with moderate chordee by two-staged repair
showed better outcomes as compared to single-stage repair.
The incidence of postoperative complications is also lesser with
two-staged repairs. However, the choice of the procedure must
be based on the type of hypospadias, choice of patients and
economical constraints.
Estudio preliminar de la arácnofauna en la ribera del río Chinguiñoso, Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo, México
Authors: Cipriano-Anastasio Juan , Cruz-Salazar Fausta Laura , López-Mancilla Alejandra , Hernández-Hernández Jesús , Lara-Hernández José Luis , Cruz-Monterrubio Andrea Leonor
Published: November 2020

Las  arañas  comprenden  un  grupo  de  fauna  muy diverso  y ampliamente  distribuido  en  todos  los ecosistemas terrestres invadiendo incluso algunos ambientes dulceacuícolas. Se realizó un estudio sobre la arácnofauna en la ribera del río Chinguiñoso, Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo; México. Durante los meses de septiembre a noviembre del 2017. Se utilizó el método de colecta directa, trampas de caída y golpeo de ramas y arbustos, en un trayecto de dos kilómetros, distribuidos en cinco sitios cada uno con 200 metros de longitud, obteniendo 240 horas de esfuerzo de muestreo en jornadas diurnas. Se obtuvieron un total 190 individuos, distribuidos en 13 especies y siete familias (Araneidae, Oxyopidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Sytodidae, Sparissidae y Tetragnathidae). Se tomó como medida de la diversidad verdadera (especies efectivas) la exponencial del índice de equidad de Shannon (H’); a su vez dominancia de Simpson (D’), como un indicador para medir la diversidad. El mes de septiembre fue el más abundante, rico y diverso. Por otra parte, el análisis de similitud de Jaccard arroja un grupo que presenta un 80 % de similitud y otro en donde presenta especies que no se encontraron en los demás sitios. La riqueza y diversidad de arácnidos podría estar aunada a la riqueza de vegetación, debido a que aún existen zonas con gran altura y cobertura arbórea.
Mining Wireless Sensor Network Data: an adaptive approach based on artificial neuralnetworks algorithm
Authors: Jena Lambodar , Swain Ramakrushna , kamila N.K.
Published: November 2020

This paper proposes a layered modular architecture to adaptively perform data mining tasks in large sensor networks. The architecture consists in a lower layer which performs data aggregation in a modular fashion and in an upper layer which employs an adaptive local learning technique to extract a prediction model from the aggregated information. The rationale of the approach is that a modular aggregation of sensor data can serve jointly two purposes: first, the organization of sensors in clusters, then reducing the communication effort, second, the dimensionality reduction of the data mining task, then improving the accuracy of the sensing task . Here we show that some of the algorithms developed within the artificial neuralnetworks tradition can be easily adopted to wireless sensor-network platforms and will meet several aspects of the constraints for data mining in sensor networks like: limited communication bandwidth, limited computing resources, limited power supply, and the need for fault-tolerance. The analysis of the dimensionality reduction obtained from the outputs of the neural-networks clustering algorithms shows that the communication costs of the proposed approach are significantly smaller, which is an important consideration in sensor-networks due to limited power supply. In this paper we will present two possible implementations of the ART and FuzzyART neuralnetworks algorithms, which are unsupervised learning methods for categorization of the sensory inputs. They are tested on a data obtained from a set of several nodes, equipped with several sensors each.
Effective Image Clustering with Differential Evolution Technique
Authors: Sudhakar G , Babu Polinati Vinod , Satapathy Suresh Chandra , Pradhan Gunanidhi
Published: November 2020

The paper presents a novel approach of clustering image datasets with differential evolution (DE) technique. The differential evolution is a parallel direct search population based optimization method. From our simulations it is found that DE is able to optimize the quality measures of clusters of image datasets. To claim the superiority of DE based clustering we have compared the outcomes of DE with the classical K-means and popular Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms for the same datasets. The comparisons results reveal the suitability of DE for image clustering in all image datasets.
Inclusão digital e blockchain como instrumentos para o desenvolvimento econômico
Authors: Friedrich Denise Bittencourt , Philippi Juliana Horn Machado
Published: November 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo estudar a inclusão digital e os usos de blockchain servirem como instrumentos para o desenvolvimento, considerando-se não apenas a liberdade, mas também a igualdade e a felicidade do povo. Analisa-se o desenvolvimento, com ênfase para a visão de Amartya Sen, no sentido de que o desenvolvimento não se baseia apenas em indicadores econômicos, sendo medido  de acordo com o desenvolvimento humano, com plenitude das liberdades. No entanto, pondera-se que não é suficiente atrelar o desenvolvimento apenas às liberdades, igualdade e felicidade. Considera-se o avanço das TICs na sociedade , com o entendimento de que a inclusão digital tem sido considerada como um direito fundamental, por estar intimamente relacionada à dignidade, mínimo existencial e melhoria das condições de vida. Relata panorama redes de blockchain, passando por seus principais usos, com destaque para a possibilidade de seu uso para fins humanitários, como a realização de identidades digitais, o que tem beneficiado especialmente os refugiados e comunidades carentes. Com isso, conclui-se que a inclusão digital e as redes de blockchain podem ser importantes ferramentas para o desenvolvimento, pois seus usos podem refletir na da qualidade de vida, na dignidade das pessoas e nas liberdades e igualdade.