bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aproveitamento integral dos alimentos em uma Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde na cidade de Juiz de Fora
Authors: Silva Leticia Santana da , Oliveira Ana Lívia de
Published: January 2022

O nutricionista é responsável pela realização de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional, as quais podem ser utilizadas para o desenvolvimento de ações de promoção à saúde na Atenção Primária. No Brasil, toneladas de alimentos são descartadas ao ano. A aplicação do aproveitamento integral dos alimentos é potencialmente benéfica na redução desse desperdício por se tratar de uma estratégia que estimula a utilização de todas as partes comestíveis dos alimentos. Trata-se de um relato de experiência, vivenciado no projeto de extensão realizado em uma Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde na cidade de Juiz de Fora-MG. Foi realizado por meio de participação ativa, com os objetivos de elucidação sobre o conceito, os benefícios e a aplicação do aproveitamento integral dos alimentos na prática culinária diária. As ações executadas tiveram boa repercussão, possibilitando participação e entendimento acerca dos objetivos propostos. Conclui-se que o aproveitamento integral dos alimentos é uma estratégia que proporciona benefícios para o indivíduo e coletividades. Porém, é ainda pouco difundida e incentivada para a população, necessitando de maiores ações nas unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Formação docente humanizadora
Authors: Godoi Evandro de , Benvenutti Leonardo Matheus Pagani
Published: January 2022

Realizar uma reflexão sobre a formação docente inspirada em ideais freireanos de educação, por meio de registros do projeto de extensão “Construindo itinerários mediatizados pelas ideias de Paulo Freire: EEEF 29 de Outubro e IF Farroupilha” é o tema central deste texto. Para tanto, lançamos mão de uma parceria entre o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha, Campus Santo Augusto, e a Escola Estadual de Educação Fundamental 29 de Outubro. Posteriormente são analisados os três módulos do projeto que consistiram na análise histórica das instituições, leituras de obras referentes ao pensamento freireano e, por fim, de leituras de Paulo Freire. Na sequência, são apontados caminhos à formação docente crítica, coerente com a concepção por nós defendida: a de construção de espaços formativos que dialoguem com a realidade do trabalho pedagógico. É trabalhada a relação indissociável entre pesquisa, ensino e extensão presentes como políticas públicas, mas, além disso, como compromisso de responsabilidade e ética com os sujeitos do ato educativo, indicada através da formação inicial e continuada dos participantes do projeto, que, ao exemplo do legado freireano, aprendem ao ensinar e ensinam ao aprender, contextualizando, criticando, superando a si enquanto profissionais da educação, sobretudo, cidadãos sujeitos de suas histórias.
Analisis Sentimen Tweet Tentang UU Cipta Kerja Menggunakan Algoritma SVM Berbasis PSO
Authors: Sabrila Trifebi Shina , Azhar Yufis , Aditya Christian Sri Kusuma
Published: January 2022

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is one of the most widely used classification algorithms for sentiment analysis and has been shown to provide satisfactory performance. However, despite its advantages, the SVM algorithm still has weaknesses in selecting the right SVM parameters to optimize the performance. In this study, sentiment analysis was done with the use of data called tweets about Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja which reap many pros and cons by the people in Indonesia, especially the laborers. The classification method used in this study is the Support Vector Machine algorithm which is optimized using the Particle Swarm Optimization method for the SVM parameters selection in the hope of optimizing the performance generated by the SVM algorithm in sentiment analysis. The results of the study using 10 k-fold cross-validations using the SVM algorithm resulted in an accuracy of 92,99%, a precision of 93,24%, and a recall of 93%. Meanwhile, the SVM and PSO algorithms produce an accuracy of 95%, precision of 95,08%, and recall of 94,97%. The results show that the Particle Swarm Optimization method can overcome the weaknesses of the Support Vector Machine algorithm in the problem of parameter selection and has succeeded in improving the resulting performance where the SVM-PSO is more superior to SVM without optimization in sentiment analysis.
Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor untuk Memprediksi Prestasi Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Latar Belakang Pendidikan dan Ekonomi
Authors: Prasetyawan Daru , Gatra Rahmadhan
Published: January 2022

Student academic performance is one measure of success in higher education. Prediction of student academic performance is important because it can help in decision-making. K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm is a method that can be used to predict it. Normalization is needed to scale the attribute value, so the data are in a smaller range than the actual data. Feature selection is used to eliminate irrelevant features. Data cleaning from outliers in the dataset aims to delete data that can affect the classification process. In the classification process, the dataset is divided into a training set by 80% and a validation set by 20% using the cross-validation method. The classification model that is formed is tested using data that is separate from the training data and is evaluated using a confusion matrix. As an evaluation, the K-NN model has 95.85% average accuracy, 95.97% average precision, and 95.84% average recall.
Kwestia obsady stanowisk magistrów militum za panowania cesarza Zenona (474–491)
Authors: Leszka Mirosław
Published: January 2022

Kwestia obsady stanowisk magistrów militum za panowania cesarza Zenona (474–491). Wywodzący się z Izaurii cesarz Zenon, to władca zmagający się bardziej z wewnętrznymi przeciwnikami, którzy podejmowali próby odebrania mu władzy (uzurpacje Bazyliskosa 475–476, Marcjana 479, Illusa i Leoncjusza 484–488) niż z wrogami zewnętrznymi. Kariera Zenona, zanim został władcą miała charakter wojskowy. Z pewnością był komesem domesticorum i magistrem militum per Orientem, a część uczonych uważa, że mógł zajmować również stanowisko magistra militum per Thracias oraz magistra militum praesentalis. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie czym kierował się dysponujący bogatym wojskowym doświadczeniem cesarz przy powoływaniu magistrów militum. Przegląd dostępnych informacji, dotyczących powoływania magistrów militum przez Zenona prowadzi do wniosku, że stanowiska te były środkiem do pozyskiwania lub wynagradzania ludzi, których wsparcie było z jakichś względów potrzebne cesarzowi. Najwyższe stanowiska dowódcze stosunkowo często rozdawane były członkom cesarskiej rodziny czy rodzin wpływowych osobistości na dworze cesarskim względnie ich protegowanych. Trzeba zaznaczyć, że kandydaci na magistrów militum dysponowali najczęściej jakimś wojskowym doświadczeniem, ale nie musiało być ono szczególnie bogate.
A Case Study of Punjabi Language Diglossia and Language Shift in Baluchistan Province
Authors: Alizai Kinza
Published: January 2022

Language shift is a social phenomenon where one language substitutes another. In the social phe- nomenon of language attrition strong reasons are needed to enable the action such as environmental, social, political, economical and geographical changes. Proposed study detects Language Shift of Pun- jabi speech community which is the permanent settler of the Baluchistan province. Punjabi speakers, also being to a minority ethnic community are disinclined to articulate/accept their linguistic, ethnic and geographic identity. By this vein, the study aims to explore the social as well as political factors that are the pavestones for this linguistic and ethnic shift of Punjabi speakers. The study is qualitative in nature as the data was collected via semi-structured interview. The data is collected form 25 interviewees by executing the purposeful sampling means. The recorded interviews were transcribed and assigned codes by applying the technique of thematic analysis. The results have shown that the local communi- ties, other than Punjabi (e.g., Pushto, Balochi and Brahui) have negative attitudes for Punjabi language due to various historical, political events such as Army operations and state prejudice in which Punjab and federal government played key role. As a result, Punjabi language suffered the badly and expe- rienced a drastic linguistic drop. Regardless of age, whole speech community is weighed down with a causal danger and threat of being labeled and stigmatized in general arena. Social bigotry and intol- erance of Baluchistan’s local speech communities towards the Punjabi speech community resulted in language shift/attrition or less fluent speakers of Punjabi language.
When archaeology meets environmental sciences: the Bruszczewo site revisited
Authors: Niebieszczański Jakub , Gałka Mariusz , Hildebrandt-Radke Iwona , Karpińska-Kołaczek Monika , Kołaczek Piotr , Lamentowicz Mariusz , Rzodkiewicz Monika
Published: January 2022

Settlement archaeology is often supported by geoarchaeology in which human habitation is drawn on the timeframe of landscape changes derived through interdisciplinary research. An example of a geoarchaeological approach to settlement study is the Bruszczewo Lake project conducted in Central-Western Poland. The area of Bruszczewo and the Samica River Valley witnessed human occupation since the Neolithic period and is most widely known for the presence of an Early Bronze Age fortified settlement. Previous research provided initial information about the presence of a lake and marshland in prehistoric and early historical times. A new geoarchaeological project aims to create a detailed environmental and landscape transformation history combined with the extensive knowledge of the archaeology of the area. Using GIS techniques, conventional drilling, and vibra-coring, a new set of data is brought to light and analysed in palaeoenvironmental terms. Constructed geological profiles across the valley revealed the basin’s morphology and provided insight into the subsequent landscape transformation phases, from the Late Glacial ribbon lake lasting until the end of the Bronze Age to the marshlands that thrived until the Early Medieval period. The ongoing analyses of samples derived from drillings provide a perspective for detailed reconstructions of landscape changes.
Lost and found: The Funnel Beaker culture’s ‘megalithic tombs’ in the cultural and natural landscape of Greater Poland
Authors: Żurkiewicz Danuta
Published: January 2022

Non-megalithic long barrows were the earliest type of monumental tombs that occurred in Europe. The oldest structures of this type, dating to 4800-4300 BC, are known from north- western France. Then, at the beginning of the 4 th millennium BC, unchambered structures occurred in southern and central England, northern and central Germany, Denmark, and Poland. In Poland, tombs representing the Funnel Beaker culture (TRB) are found in several distinct concentrations which do not correspond to the entire range of the settlement oecumene of this community. They are also quite diverse in terms of construction and size. Interestingly, their origin and purpose still remain a mystery. It seems likely, though, that for their creators they had much higher significance than just a place to bury some selected members of the community. Most probably, they were a kind of symbolic marker of a given area, testifying to the unity and power of the communities living in such a region. Some researchers associate their origin with the influence of hunter-gatherer communities on agricultural communities. Other approaches to this topic point to the importance of borrowing the house model of early Neolithic communities, which was symbolically transformed into a ‘house for the dead’, i.e. a tomb. In most regions of Poland, megaliths were only ‘rediscovered’ in the 19 th century by archaeologists, some of whom were amateurs. Unfortunately, this was not the case in Great- er Poland. The megalithic tombs of the TRB remained unrecognized there until the second decade of the 21 st century! What largely contributed to their discovery was technological progress, mainly the use of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Ongoing research aims to locate and verify occurrences of other cemeteries and to ‘embed’ them in the cultural and natural landscape of this region.
Multi thermal waves in a thermo diffusive piezo electric functionally graded rod via refined multi-dual phase-lag model
Authors: Jeyaraman Poongkothai , Mahesh Samydurai , Selvamani Rajendran , Dimitri Rossana , Tornabene Francesco
Published: January 2022

In the present work, a novel analytical model is provided for wave dispersion in a piezo-thermoelastic diffusive functionally graded rod through the multi-phase lag model and thermal activation. The plain strain model for thermo piezoelectric functionally graded rod is considered. The complex characteristic equations are obtained by using normal mode method which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions of piezo-thermoelastic functionally graded rod. The numerical calculations are carried out for copper material. The results of the variants stress, mechanical displacement, temperature and electric distribution, frequency are explored against the geometric parameters and some special parameters graded index, concentration constants are shown graphically. The observed results will be discuss elaborate. The results can be build reasonable attention in piezo-thermoelastic materials and smart materials industry.
Edmund Wilson, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and the rhetoric of protection
Authors: Lande Dana Ryan
Published: January 2022

Edmund Wilson’s “The Scrolls from the Dead Sea,” published on the 6th of May, 1955 in The New Yorker, was one of the first pieces of journalism concerning the Dead Sea Scrolls and their discovery in the Judean desert in the late 1940 s. This study links the rhetoric within journalism on ancient manuscript finds to that which is found in travel narratives from the colonial era – a connection which emphasizes the rhetoric of protection and insertion of self in texts which invoke assumed authority in a situation of cultural importance.
Synthesis and characterization of noble metal/metal oxide nanoparticles and their potential antidiabetic effect on biochemical parameters and wound healing
Authors: Elobeid Mai A. , Awad Manal A. , Virk Promy , Ortashi Khalid M. , Merghani Nada M. , Asiri Atheer M. , Bashir Emadeldin Abdeljabar Ali
Published: January 2022

The study assessed the antidiabetic effect of Solenostemma argel and its nanoformulations with silver/gold nanocomposites (CNPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), and metaformin drug. Experimental groups consisted of normal control, diabetic control, and four diabetic groups treated with metformin, CNPs, ZnONPs, and bulk argel leaf extract (So-argel). Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the synthesized CNPs and ZnONPs were of variable sizes and dimensions and were quasi-spherical in shape. Particle sizes measured by dynamic light scattering were 106 and 139 nm for CNPs and ZnONPs, respectively. Also, the polydispersity index values were 0.473 and 0.269 for CNPs and ZnONPs, respectively. The biochemical parameters were as follows: the group treated with bulk So-argel (105.00 ± 4.041 mg·dL−1) and CNPs (109.00 ± 8.373 mg·dL−1) showed a more profound anti-hyperglycemic effect and were comparable to the control (88.40 ± 2.249). Liver and kidney functions (p ≤ 0.05) improved with So-argel and its nanoformulations compared to metformin. However, bulk argel (170.33 ± 20.431  and 38.00 ± 3.05 U·L−1) and the nanocomposite (228.33 ± 11.464 and 48.00 ± 5.291 U·L−1) were efficacious in lowering serum levels of liver enzymes (AST and ALT, respectively). No significant difference was observed between urea levels. Nevertheless, bulk So-argel (0.26 ± 0.007) and CNPs (0.24 ± 0.018) were more effective than ZnONPs (0.41 ± 0.289) on serum creatinine. Nanotreatment exhibited a reduction in lesions size/healing. Overall, nanoparticles may offer a safe potential for Type 2 diabetes management.
A temperature-dependent mathematical model of malaria transmission with stage-structured mosquito population dynamics
Authors: Traoré Bakary , Barro Moussa , Sangaré Boureima , Traoré Sado
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we formulate a temperature-dependent model for malaria transmission dynamics which includes immature stages of mosquitoes. The model is constructed by using ordinary differential equations with some parameters which are periodic functions. Two thresholds dynamics associated to the model have been derived: the vector reproduction ratio ℛ
v
and the basic reproduction ratio ℛ0. Through a rigorous analysis via theories and methods of dynamical systems, we prove that the global behavior of the model depends strongly on these two parameters. More precisely, we show that if ℛ
v
is greater than one and ℛ0 is less than one then, the disease-free periodic equilibrium is globally attractive. If ℛ
v
is greater than one and ℛ0 is greater than one, the disease remains persistent and the system admits at least one positive periodic solution. Finally, using the reported monthly mean temperature for Burkina Faso, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate our mathematical results.
Photon coupling-induced spectrum envelope modulation in the coupled resonators from Vernier effect to harmonic Vernier effect
Authors: Chen Lei , Huang Junhua , Liu Gui-Shi , Huang Feifan , Zheng Huajian , Chen Yaofei , Luo Yunhan , Chen Zhe
Published: January 2022

The Vernier effect and harmonic Vernier effect have attracted ever-increasing interest due to their freely tailored spectrum envelope in tunable laser, modulator, and precision sensing. Most explorations have mainly focused on configuring two isolated optical resonators, namely the reference and tunable resonator. However, this configuration requires a stable reference resonator to guarantee robust readout, posing a significant challenge in applications. Here, we discover the coupled-resonators configuration enabling a reference-free envelope modulation to address this problem. Specifically, all parameters of one resonator theoretically span a hypersurface. When the resonator couples to another one, photon coupling merit an escaped solution from the hypersurface, resulting in an envelope modulation independent of reference. We have first experimentally verified this mechanism in a coupled air resonator and polydimethylsiloxane resonator by inserting a semi-transparent 2-mercaptobenzimidazole-modified silver nanowire network. In addition, this novel mechanism provides a new degree of freedom in the reciprocal space, suggesting alternative multiplexing to combine more envelope modulations simultaneously. This study facilitates the fundamental research in envelope multiplexing. More importantly, the combination of silver nanowire network and flexible microcavity experimentally progress the spectral envelope modulation in optoelectronic integration inside resonators.
Multi-freedom metasurface empowered vectorial holography
Authors: Deng Zi-Lan , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Li Feng-Jun , Hu Meng-Xia , Li Xiangping
Published: January 2022

Optical holography capable of the complete recording and reconstruction of light’s wavefront, plays significant roles on interferometry, microscopy, imaging, data storage, and three-dimensional displaying. Conventional holography treats light as scalar field with only phase and intensity dimensions, leaving the polarization information entirely neglected. Benefiting from the multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs) for optical field manipulation provided by the metasurface, vectorial holography with further versatile control in both polarization states and spatial distributions, greatly extended the scope of holography. As full vectorial nature of light field has been considered, the information carried out by light has dramatically increased, promising for novel photonic applications with high performance and multifarious functionalities. This review will focus on recent advances on vectorial holography empowered by multiple DOFs metasurfaces. Interleaved multi-atom approach is first introduced to construct vectorial holograms with spatially discrete polarization distributions, followed by the versatile vectorial holograms with continuous polarizations that are designed usually by modified iterative algorithms. We next discuss advances with further spectral response, leading to vivid full-color vectorial holography; and the combination between the far-field vectorial wavefront shaping enabled by vectorial holography and the near-field nano-printing functionalities by further exploiting local polarization and structure color responses of the meta-atom. The development of vectorial holography provides new avenues for compact multi-functional photonic devices, potentially useful in optical encryption, anticounterfeiting, and data storage applications.
Entextualizing high energy texts: an exploration of modal shift on a Chinese online video-sharing website Bilibili
Authors: Teng Man , Chan Brian Hok-Shing
Published: January 2022

Recently, there has been a surging interest in meaning-making processes in Chinese social media. However, most studies focus on the current contexts, ignoring the process of entextualization, that is, how semiotic resources have been decontextualized from the original/prior contexts and recontextualized in the current Chinese social media context. This paper intends to fill this gap by studying an example of entextualization coupled with modal shift. Specifically, an oral warning – initially a line frequently uttered in a Japanese animation serial – has been reshaped and reused to type comments in various video scenes and for various meanings on a Chinese video-sharing website Bilibili (

https://www.bilibili.com/

). Drawing on selective notions in computer-mediated communication and social semiotic multimodality, this paper analyses a set of these comments, which we call high energy texts, focusing on their multimodal quality and the meaning-making processes involved. We suggest that new possibilities are generated during the modal shift (i.e. from speech to writing); in particular, warning acts carried out through high energy texts have been transformed into a collective social action that is recognized and understood by Bilibili users, the participation of which enables the users to build alignment and enact different identities. Our paper showcases how a social semiotic multimodal perspective can enrich our understanding of the semiosis in Chinese social media.
What Are the Economic Justifications for the Existence of Export Credit Agencies and How Can They Facilitate Cross Border Trade to Emerging Market Economies?
Authors: Quang Dinh Trung , Þór Hilmarsson Hilmar
Published: January 2022

Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) have played an important role in cushioning the downturn in cross border trade during the current economic and financial crisis. This article discusses the role of ECAs in facilitating cross border trade to emerging markets as well as the economic rationale for the existence of such agencies. It also demonstrates how selected risk mitigation instruments of ECAs, namely: (i) buyer credit guarantee, (ii) supplier credit guarantees and (iii) export loans have been applied in practice. Finally cases are presented that highlight how companies have used the service of ECAs, for example, to obtain better terms, including longer term loans and/or lower interest rates.
Stimulation of Innovative-Investment Process: World Experience
Authors: Parfenova Liudmila , Pugachev Andrei , Juščius Vytautas
Published: January 2022

In the article results of the comparative analysis of world experience of stimulation of innovative-investment process through the formation of a favorable tax climate are generalized. Development of tax stimulation of innovation activity is considered as a crucial factor in building a new model of economic growth. It is concluded that within the subject principle there are three elements of the stimulation instrument: amortization privileges, preferences concerning the profits tax, indirect measures of tax stimulation. Conclusions on potential use of foreign tax instruments of stimulation of innovation activity in the Russian conditions are presented.
Influential Determinants of Innovation: Case Study of Latvia and Germany
Authors: Kuhn Carolin , Dubra Ilona , Sumilo Erika
Published: January 2022

Innovation is often recognized as a vital source of competitive advantage for business. Taking into account the conditions of increasing globalization at a high level of intensity as well as a rapidly changing technological landscape and also continuous customer demands for new products and services on the modern market, it is needed to assume that businesses have to innovate in order to survive and prosper in the contemporary environment. In the context of the paper at hand the main attention is given to the analysis of the theoretical and empirical aspects of the concept of innovation. There were applied such economic science research methods as monographic, grouping, reference, generalization, graphical analysis and content analysis.
Financial Stability of Enterprise as the Main Precondition for Sustainable Development of Economy
Authors: Cernavskis Konstantins
Published: January 2022

The problem of financial stability of a modern enterprise predestines a long-term development of state. The long-term development strategy-making concepts, binding to each member state, have been legislated in the European Union. A sustainable development is a balanced and socially responsible economic development subject to preservation of the environment and resources for the benefit of future generations. A national sustainable development plan prior to 2020 is required for each EU country. Under the development priorities situation typical to Baltic States, featuring a relative deficiency of mineral resources with some possibilities of development of high-end technologies, transit industry may be deemed the main priority. The enterprise financial stability concept is the main objective, regarded as a mandatory condition for ensuring a long-term and sustainable development as exemplified by the two renowned air carriers. The methods of scientific research most frequently applied in economics domain have been used: monographic, comparative, hierarchical and quantitative methods of financial ratios.
Bidirectional Communication between the Pontine Nucleus Incertus and the Medial Septum Is Carried Out by Electrophysiologically-Distinct Neuronal Populations
Authors: Trenk Aleksandra , Walczak Magdalena , Szlaga Agata , Pradel Kamil , Blasiak Anna , Blasiak Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Theta oscillations are key brain rhythm involved in memory formation, sensorimotor integration, and control of locomotion and behavioral states. Generation and spatiotemporal synchronization of theta oscillations rely on interactions between brain nuclei forming a large neural network, which includes pontine nucleus incertus (NI). Here we identified distinct populations of NI neurons, based on the relationship of their firing to hippocampal waves, with a special focus on theta oscillations, and the direction and type of interaction with the medial septum (MS) in male, urethane-anesthetized rats. By recording NI neuronal firing and hippocampal LFP, we described NI neurons that fire action potentials in a theta phase-independent or theta phase-locked and delta wave-independent or delta wave-locked manner. Among hippocampal activity-independent NI neurons, irregular, slow-firing, and regular, fast-firing cells were observed, while hippocampal oscillation-/wave-locked NI neurons were of a bursting or nonbursting type. By projection-specific optotagging, we revealed that only fast-firing theta phase-independent NI neurons innervate the MS, rarely receiving feedback information. In contrast, the majority of theta-bursting NI neurons were inhibited by MS stimulation, and this effect was mediated by direct GABAergic input. Described NI neuronal populations differ in reciprocal connections with the septohippocampal system, plausibly forming separate neuronal loops. Our results suggest that theta phase-independent NI neurons participate in theta rhythm generation through direct innervation of the MS, while theta-bursting NI neurons further transmit the rhythmic signal received from the MS to stabilize and/or strengthen rhythmic activity in other structures.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe generation and spatiotemporal synchronization of theta oscillations rely on interactions between nuclei forming a large neural network, part of which is the pontine nucleus incertus (NI). Here we describe that within NI there are populations of neurons that can be distinguished based on the relationship of their firing to hippocampal theta oscillations and delta waves. We show that these neuronal populations largely do not have reciprocal connections with the septohippocampal system, but form separate neuronal loops. Our results suggest that medial septum (MS)-projecting, fast-firing, theta phase-independent NI neurons may participate in theta rhythm generation through direct innervation of the MS, while theta-bursting NI neurons may further transmit the rhythmic signal received from the MS to other structures.
Peristimulus Time Responses Predict Adaptation and Spontaneous Firing of Auditory-Nerve Fibers: From Rodents Data to Humans
Authors: Huet Antoine , Batrel Charlène , Dubernard Xavier , Kleiber Jean-Charles , Desmadryl Gilles , Venail Frédéric , Liberman M. Charles , Nouvian Régis , Puel Jean-Luc , Bourien Jérôme
Published: January 2022

Sound-level coding in the auditory nerve is achieved through the progressive recruitment of auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) that differ in threshold of activation and in the stimulus level at which the spike rate saturates. To investigate the functional state of the ANFs, the electrophysiological tests routinely used in clinics only capture the first action potentials firing in synchrony at the onset of the acoustic stimulation. Assessment of other properties (e.g., spontaneous rate and adaptation time constants) requires single-fiber recordings directly from the nerve, which for ethical reasons is not allowed in humans. By combining neuronal activity measurements at the round window and signal-processing algorithms, we constructed a peristimulus time response (PSTR), with a waveform similar to the peristimulus time histograms (PSTHs) derived from single-fiber recordings in young adult female gerbils. Simultaneous recordings of round-window PSTR and single-fiber PSTH provided models to predict the adaptation kinetics and spontaneous rate of the ANFs tuned at the PSTR probe frequency. The predictive model derived from gerbils was then validated in female mice and finally applied to humans by recording PSTRs from the auditory nerve in normal-hearing patients who underwent cerebellopontine angle surgeries. A rapid adaptation time constant of ∼3 ms and a mean spontaneous rate of ∼22 spikes/s in the 4 kHz frequency range were found. This study offers a promising diagnostic tool to map the human auditory nerve, thus opening new avenues to better understanding auditory neuropathies, tinnitus, and hyperacusis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeural adaptation in auditory nerve fibers corresponds to the reduction in the neuronal activity to prolonged or repeated sound stimulation. For obvious ethical reasons, single-fiber recordings from the auditory nerve are not feasible in humans, creating a critical gap in extending data obtained using animal models to humans. Using electrocochleography in rodents, we inferred adaptation kinetics and spontaneous discharge rates of the auditory nerve fibers in humans. Routinely used in basic and clinical laboratories, this tool will provide a better understanding of auditory disorders such as neuropathies, tinnitus, and hyperacusis, and will help to improve hearing-aid fittings.
Emotion-modulated Recall: Congruency Effects of Nonverbal Facial and Vocal Cues on Semantic Recall
Authors: Herrera-Bennett Arianne , Puah Shermain , Hasenbein Lisa , Wildgruber Dirk
Published: January 2022

The current study had two main goals: First, to replicate the ‘bimodal integration’ effect (i.e. the automatic integration of crossmodal stimuli, namely facial emotions and emotional prosody); and second, to investigate whether this phenomenon facilitates or impairs the intake and retention of unattended verbal content. The study borrowed from previous bimodal integration designs and included a two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) task, where subjects were instructed to identify the emotion of a face (as either ‘angry’ or ‘happy’) while ignoring a concurrently presented sentence (spoken in an angry, happy, or neutral prosody), after which a surprise recall was administered to investigate effects on semantic content retention. While bimodal integration effects were replicated (i.e. faster and more accurate emotion identification under congruent conditions), congruency effects were not found for semantic recall. Overall, semantic recall was better for trials with emotional (vs. neutral) faces, and worse in trials with happy (vs. angry or neutral) prosody. Taken together, our findings suggest that when individuals focus their attention on evaluation of facial expressions, they implicitly integrate nonverbal emotional vocal cues (i.e. hedonic valence or emotional tone of accompanying sentences), and devote less attention to their semantic content. While the impairing effect of happy prosody on recall may indicate an emotional interference effect, more research is required to uncover potential prosody-specific effects. All supplemental online materials can be found on OSF (https://osf.io/am9p2/).
DIS/UNITY
Authors: Bartlett Heidi Wiren , Baker-Tarpaga Esther , Barber  , Djiga Boubacar , Monroe Raquel ,   Courtney Jones: Propelled Animals
Published: January 2022

The Propelled Animals are a collective of artists, dancers, scholars, musicians, and designers who embed innovative and provocative art in unconventional spaces. They are committed to creating work that interrogates, challenges, and attempts to dismantle the systemic “isms” of oppression. They collaborate and adapt to address the specific needs of the communities they engage. Their performances encourage efficacy of the body, resilience, and radical tenderness as strategies for self- and communal empowerment. Centered on art as social action and ritual as performance, they root their work in sound. From collaged and remixed news clips, hip-hop, gospel, rap, and Indigenous R&B tracks to recordings of bird calls, wind, and rain, sound fuels their immersive work—as an invitation and a provocation.
Hubungan antara Faktor Lingkungan dengan Kejadian Diare pada Masyarakat di Desa Cintaraja Kecamatan Singaparna Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Pada Tahun 2018
Authors: Aolina Dina , Sriagustini Isyeu , Supriyani Teni
Published: January 2022

Penyakit diare masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Penyakit diare di Desa Cintaraja mengalami kenaikan kasus yang ditangani pada dua tahun terakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian diare pada masyarakat di Desa Cintaraja tahun 2018. Manfaat penelitian ini memberikan informasi mengenai faktor lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol. Populasi pada penelitian ini seluruh penderita diare di Desa Cintaraja yang terdaftar dalam catatan medik di Puskesmas Singaparna pada tahun 2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Sampel pada penelitian yaitu 22 kasus dan 22 kontrol. Instrumen penelitan adalah lembar checklist. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare yaitu pengelolaan SPAL (p = 0.024). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan yaitu jamban keluarga (P=0,364) dan pengelolaan sampah (P=0,345). Variabel sarana sumber air bersih tidak dapat dianalisis secara statistik karena data homogen. Saran bagi masyarakat agar dapat melakukan perbaikan jamban, saluran limbah umum/got atau sumur resapan dan pengadaan tempat sampah tertutup.
Analisis Faktor Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja pada Pekerja Industri Tahu
Authors: Asilah Nisatin , Yuantari Maria Goretti Catur
Published: January 2022

Salah satu sebab utama kecelakaan kerja adalah unsafe action dan unsafe condition. Industri tersebar di berbagai wilayah, salah satunya pada sentra industri tahu di Kelurahan Jomblang Kecamatan Candisari Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, masa kerja, lama kerja, unsafe action, unsafe condition dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja pada pekerja industri tahu. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 66 pekerja dan sampel yang digunakan adalah seluruh populasi pekerja. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Uji statistik yang digunakan untuk mengetahui ada hubungan antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat adalah uji rank spearmanâ€™s. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan kecelakaan kerja, tidak ada hubungan antara masa kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja, tidak ada hubungan antara lama kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja, ada hubungan antara unsafe action dengan kecelakaan kerja, dan ada hubungan antara unsafe condition dengan kecelakaan kerja pada pekerja industri tahu di kelurahan Jomblang kecamatan Candisari Semarang. Bagi pihak industri, sebaiknya menerapkan 5R (Rapi,Ringkas, Rawat, Rajin, Resik) dan membentuk organisasi kecil terkait K3 pada industri.
Keberhasilan Penyelenggaraan Kampung Hijau
Authors: Qomar Nisyah Imani , Kustono Doko , Kurniawan Agung
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pelaksanaan kampung hijau atau kampung peduli lingkungan di Kampung 3G dan juga Kampung Ekologi Batu (sebagai pembanding). Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku masyarakat yang mendukung pelaksanaan kampung hijau, pengetahuan masyarakat tentang kampung hijau, serta pihak-pihak yang mendukung pelaksanaan kampung hijau. Metode wawancara dan observasi digunakan peneliti dalam mengumpulkan data kualitatif, alur mendapatkan informan wawancara didapatkan dengan metode snowball sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku masyarakat yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan penyelenggaraan Kampung 3G dan Kampung Ekologi Batu adalah perilaku ramah lingkungan (yang terdiri dari penyediaan RTH di lingkungan rumah, penghematan dalam menggunakan sumber energi,  penggunaan air bersih, pemanfaatan teknologi hijau di lingkungan rumah, serta penggunaan transportasi ramah lingkungan), perilaku upaya partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah, penghijauan lingkungan, serta pengelolaan konservasi air, serta adanya pihak-pihak pendukung pelaksanaan kampung hijau yaitu pemerintah (termasuk BUMN), non pemerintah (akademisi, swasta, media massa) serta kunjungan wisatawan.
Keputusan Pemilihan Pelayanan Pengobatan Ditinjau dari Karakteristik Individu dan Aksesibilitas
Authors: Fitriani Lisa , Nur Aprilia Artati , Rahayu Rahayu , Jinan Raudatul , Selviana Rizka Elma , Rahman Fauzie , Laily Nur
Published: January 2022

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan aksesibilitas pelayanan dengan keputusan pemilihan layanan pengobatan di masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara online menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner bentuk google form. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui WhatsApp pada bulan April-Mei tahun 2021 dengan wilayah penelitian masyarakat yang tinggal di Kalimantan Selatan. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 103 Responden. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Hasil uji chi-square dalam penelitian ini, menunjukan nilai p dari variabel usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan dan aksesibilitas adalah 0,039, 0,537, 0,145 dan 0,020. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dan aksesibilitas dengan keputusan memilih pelayanan pengobatan. Namun tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan dengan keputusan dalam memilih pengobatan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemerataan pembangunan, meningkatkan kualitas mutu pelayanan, akreditasi, meningkatkan teknologi informasi, tata kelola fasilitas yang maksimal, peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas SDM kesehatan, melengkapi sarana prasarana, dan meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat.

 

Kata Kunci: Pelayanan kesehatan, metode pengobatan, pekerjaan, aksesibilitas pelayanan

 

Abstract. This study aims to determine the relationship between age, education, occupation, and service accessibility with the decision to choose treatment services in the community. This research was conducted online using quantitative methods with a cross sectional study design. The instrument used is a google form questionnaire. Data collection was carried out through WhatsApp in April-May 2021 with the research area of â€‹â€‹â€‹â€‹people living in South Kalimantan. The sample used in this study were 103 respondents. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The results of the chi-square test in this study, showed the p-values â€‹â€‹of the variables of age, education, occupation and accessibility were 0.039, 0.537, 0.145 and 0.020. So it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between age and accessibility with the decision to choose treatment services. However, there is no significant relationship between education and work with decisions in choosing treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop equitable development, improve the quality of service quality, accreditation, improve information technology, maximum facility management, increase the quality and quantity of health human resources, complete infrastructure facilities, and increase community involvement. Keyword: Health services, treatment methods, occupations, accessibility of services
Riwayat Pemberian MP-ASI dan Sosial Ekonomi dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita
Authors: Hidayah Astriya , Siswanto Yuliaji , Pertiwi Kartika Dian
Published: January 2022

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to a chronic lack of nutritional intake. According to WHO, Indonesia is the third country with the highest incidence in Southeast Asia at 27.7%. This study aims to determine the relationship between the history of complementary feeding and economic status with the incidence of stunting in children under five in Ngjajaran Village, Tuntang District, Semarang Regency. The research design used was observational analytic with a case-control approach. The research sample was 88 toddlers consisting of 22 cases and 66 controls taken by simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the history of complementary feeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers with p value = 0.004; OR=4.929 (95% CI 1.745-13.936); there is a relationship between economic status and the incidence of stunting in children under five with p value = 0.047; OR=0.327 (95% CI 0.120-0.890). Closing: The conclusion in this study is that there is a relationship between the history of giving complementary feeding and economic status with the incidence of stunting in children under five in Ngajaran Village, Tuntang District, Semarang Regency.
Perbedaan Antara Larutan Lidah Buaya dan Larutan Kunyit dalam Menurunkan Kadar Formalin pada Ikan Teri
Authors: Hasyim Ashlikhatul Fuadah Al , Suratman Suratman , Rejeki Dwi Sarwani Sri`
Published: January 2022

Formalin telah disalahgunakan pada ikan teri untuk menghindari kerusakan. Lidah buaya dan kunyit memiliki kandungan saponin yang dapat menurunkan kadar formalin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan larutan lidah buaya dan kunyit dalam menurunkan kadar formalin pada ikan teri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah true experiment dengan menggunakan Postest only Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ikan teri di Pasar Wage Banyumas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode spektrofotometri dengan larutan lidah buaya dengan konsentrasi 60%, 80%, 100% dan larutan kunyit dengan konsentrasi 20%, 25%, dan 30% dengan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Ikan teri direndam pada masing-masing larutan, kemudian diuji kadar formalin. Uji statistik adalah uji normalitas dengan Shapiro wilk, dilanjut dengan uji Kruskal wallis, dan uji Mann whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata penurunan kadar formalin antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya kandungan saponin pada larutan lidah buaya dan larutan kunyit. Kadar formalin paling rendah terdapat pada larutan lidah buaya 80%. Kadar formalin pada larutan lidah buaya lebih rendah dibandingkan kadar formalin pada larutan kunyit, yaitu larutan lidah buaya 80% sebesar 0,197 ppm. Larutan lidah buaya 80% mempunyai kemampuan untuk menurunkan kadar formalin paling tinggi
Pengaruh Iklim Kerja Panas Terhadap Kelelahan Kerja pada Operator Steam di PT. XYZ Boyolali
Authors: Maftuh Muhammad , Haryanti Titik , Johar Syefira Ayudia
Published: January 2022

PT. XYZ perusahaan garmen di Boyolali memiliki sistem sirkulasi udara yang kurang baik dibandingkan perusahaan lain dalam satu kawasan, menyebabkan iklim kerja panas (32⁰C). Salah satu sumber panas berasal dari mini boiler pada steam sehingga operator steam merasakan dampak panas paling banyak. Tujuan mengetahui adanya pengaruh iklim kerja panas terhadap kelelahan kerja pada operator steam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasi analitik menggunakan metode Cross Sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan Purposive Sampling dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2020. Untuk mengukur iklim kerja menggunakan Heat Stress Area Monitor sedangkan kelelahan kerja menggunakan Kuesioner Kelelahan Subjektif Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC) terhadap 36 sampel. Normalitas data menggunakan uji Kolmogorov Smirnov dan analisis data menggunakan uji Regresi Linier Sederhana nilai α = 0,05. Hasil uji Regresi Linear Sederhana menggunakan SPSS 22 diperoleh nilai sig = 0,000 < 0,05 maka hasil dinyatakan signifikan yaitu terdapat pengaruh iklim kerja panas terhadap kelelahan kerja pada operator Steam. Semakin tinggi iklim kerja panas maka semakin besar tingkat kelelahan pekerja.
Las movilizaciones, herramientas para la cohesión feminista
Authors: Fernandez Astobiza Itxaso
Published: January 2022

El 8 de marzo de 2018 las mujeres salieron masivamente a la calle para reivindicar su papel en la sociedad actual. Una movilización nunca vista anteriormente a nivel mundial. Pero esta movilización no nace espontáneamente. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un recorrido histórico por las diferentes movilizaciones realizadas por el movimiento feminista, tanto a nivel mundial como a nivel local en el País Vasco en las últimas décadas. A través del análisis de los temas debatidos en las diferentes Conferencias mundiales y en las jornadas más locales, entrevemos que la agenda feminista mantiene temas comunes: la violencia contra las mujeres, la defensa de sus derechos, la participación social y política. No se ha entrado en el nivel teórico de los debates a lo largo de estos años, pero si se constata que las políticas institucionales a favor de los derechos de las mujeres son más necesarias que nunca, pero no son suficientes si no hay un movimiento feminista en la calle que empuje y marque el camino