bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsaturated mine tailings disposal
Authors: Oldecop Luciano , Rodari Germán
Published: August 2021

Filtered tailings is the disposal technology that is most likely to yield an unsaturated state of the tailings. Such state has important benefits. A dam to contain the mine wastes is no longer needed, the risk of polluting seepage is minimized, and liquefaction of tailings is prevented. Filtering also allows most of the water mixed with the tailings to be recovered and reused in the process. The resulting material can be handled with traditional soil moving equipment to form a stack, for instance. While the idea is simple, the multiple phenomena involved in the tailings unsaturated disposal make up a complex process. The present work is based on a case study, the Casposo Mine filtered tailings disposal facility, located in the central Andes of Argentina. Throughout ten years of operation, a series of field and laboratory studies have been carried out to characterize the phenomena that intervene in the disposal of filtered tailings. Two stages were studied in detail: air drying upon tailings discharge and tailings compression under the weight of the subsequent lifts of the stack. Flocculant agents were found to have an outstanding influence in the tailings behaviour. Because of the multiple influencing factors, the process outcome (namely, the tailings water content and their void ratio) is highly variable. To deal with such variability, projects must include enough redundancy. In this regard, the case study’s incorporation of waste rock layers interspersed between tailings layers was a successful experience.
The Influence of Pedagogic Competency, Leadership of Schools, and Work Motivation Towards Teacher Performance in State Elementary Schools in Medan City
Authors: Romy Elly , Ardansyah Muhammad , Hambali Hambali
Published: August 2021

Teacher performance is the result of work achieved when planning, implementing, and assessing learning in schools. The results showed: (1) the effect of pedagogic competence on the work motivation of public elementary school teachers in the Medan City is 0.242; (2) the influence of the principal's leadership on the work motivation of State elementary school teachers in the Medan City is 0.238; (3) the influence of pedagogical competence on the performance of public elementary school teachers in the Medan City is 0.259; (4) the influence of principal leadership on the performance of public elementary school teachers in the Medan City is 0.207; and (5) the effect of work motivation on the performance of public elementary school teachers in the Medan City is 0.200. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the pedagogic competence, principal leadership, and work motivation on teacher performance was 28.7% and the rest was determined by other circumstances.
Long Term Spatio-temporal Variations of Seasonal and Decadal Aridity in India
Authors: Kumar B Pavan , Pinjarla Bhavani , Joshi P K , Roy P S
Published: August 2021

A comprehensive analysis of climate data (1958-2018) is carried out at the national scale in India to assess spatiotemporal variation in aridity. The aridity is analyzed using UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) Aridity Index (AI), which is the ratio between Precipitation (P) and Potential Evapotranspiration (PET). Freely available Terra-Climate database, P and PET variables, offered an unprecedented opportunity for monitoring variations in AI and aridity index anomalies (AIA) at interseasonal and inter-decadal basis. The study also assesses longer term patterns of P and AI anomalies with vegetation anomalies. The results indicate that significant clustered areas with maximum dryness are located at west-central part of India, the state of Maharashtra. Overall, there is a gradual increase in the extent of arid zone during 60-year period and spatially maximum extent of percentage change in aridity area is observed. The change patterns of AI in India are largely driven by the changing patterns of precipitation. The maximum impact of decline in precipitation on AIA was observed during Kharif season frequently, for every 4-5 years during 1972-1992. The pattern repeated in the last few recent years (2013- 2018), the decline in precipitation resulted increased aridity. The study also reveals that the availability and usage of irrigation sources have increased from 2014 to 2018. Thus, despite of less precipitation positive vegetation has been resulted in this period. The findings are important to understand the impacts of climate change on land use pattern, and land and water resource management.
Improving the Efficiency of the State Budget Balance in Vietnam
Authors: Dao Hoang Anh
Published: August 2021

The state budget balance is always an extremely important issue for each government. In 2020, Vietnam has a relatively small-scale economy. Its economic scale and GDP per capita reached 271.2 billion USD and 2,779 USD respectively. Budget revenue is still limited, but the need for recurrent spending and development investment is still very large now and in many years to come. In the past time, budget revenue and expenditure are in a situation of not having the necessary balance, the state budget deficit has been still around 4.5 percent of GDP. The actual state budget revenue and expenditure balance have been revealing several disadvantages. Faced to such a situation, the author would like to present some important issues about the state budget revenue and expenditure and propose key solutions to increase the efficiency of state budget revenue and expenditure in Vietnam.
Analytical study of software development process model variants
Authors: Monday Eze  , Charles Okunbor
Published: August 2021

Software Engineering is a branch of Computer Science that evolved as a result of urgent need to deal with decades of software crisis, characterized by low theoretical knowledge and practice of the construction of error-free and efficient software. The introduction of well-organized scientific, engineering and management strategies in the process of software development no doubt led to major breakthroughs, and solutions to software failures. One of the obvious game-changer in this regard is the evolution of Software Development Life Cycle, also known as Software Process Model for driving the different phases of software construction. A sound understanding of the process model is therefore inevitable, not just for software developers, but also to users and researchers. Such a theoretical cum practical understanding will enhance decisions on which process model is best for a particular job or perspective. This invariably, contributes immensely to the probability of success or failure of the project in question. Thus, the necessity for this research. This work presents an unambiguous expository of selected software development model variants. A total of four process model variants were studied, in a theoretical, visual and analytical manner. The variants were analyzed using strength versus weakness (SVW) tabular scenario. This work was concluded by presenting guides towards choice of these models. This research is expected to be a useful reference to software practitioners and researchers.
Adsorption of Pb2+ from waste water using modified and unmodified plantain pseudo stem waste as adsorbent
Authors: Idongesit O Ekpenyong  , Effiong J Okon  , Kufre E Essien  , Okon E Okon
Published: August 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the potentials of plantain pseudo stem waste as adsorbent in the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution. Filament obtained from Plantain pseudo stem were dried, cut into chips and ground using electric grinder. The powdered sample obtained was soaked in ethanol for 24 hours and wash with water several times to remove the extractive component. It was then dried in the oven. Modification reaction was carried out on the powdered sample using Fenton reagent (Fe2+/H2O2). Both the modified and unmodified adsorbents were used for the adsorption of Pb2+ from aqueous solution. Factors considered were effect of contact time and effect of adsorbate (Pb2+) concentrations. The results revealed that in all the adsorption studies, the adsorption capacity of modified adsorbent was higher than that of the unmodified adsorbent. However, adsorption capacities increase with increase in contact time and decreases with increase in the adsorbate concentration.
Chemical analysis of summer honeys collected from Apis dorsata hives of Chandrapur Tahsil of Chandrapur District of Maharashtra State (India)
Authors: Laxmikant N Borkar  , Devendra M Mate
Published: August 2021

The present investigation was undertaken to determine the chemical analysis of 5 summer honey samples (CHN-CHN-LOH, CHN-CHN-AJA, CHN-CHN-NAN, CHN-CHN-URJ, and CHN-CHN-CHI) collected from forest area of Chandrapur Tahsil of Chandrapur District of Maharashtra State (India). These samples were analyzed for several parameters such as moisture, total reducing sugar, Levulose or Fructose, Dextrose or Glucose, L/D ratio, Sucrose, Acidity. This type of chemical analysis favours the utilization of the honey for good quality in this area.
MACRO-PORE HYDROCARBON SATURATION FROM NMR T1 - T2 MAPS IN THE UNCONVENTIONAL POINT-PLEASANT FORMATION
Authors:   Rice University, Wang Xinglin , Singer Philip M. ,   Rice University, Chen Zeliang ,   Rice University, Liu Yunke ,   Rice University, Hirasaki George J. ,   Rice University, Yang Zheng (Elton) ,   Chevron Technical Center, Seltzer Scott J. ,   Chevron Technical Center, Sun Boqin ,   Chevron Technical Center, Wigand Marcus O. ,   Chevron Technical Center, Burger Jon E. ,   Chevron Technical Center
Published: August 2021

Of particular interest in unconventional reservoir characterization is an NMR log of total porosity and macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation, where both quantities are independent of a mineralogy model. A log of the macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation has a direct impact on calculating hydrocarbon reserves. It helps identify sweet spots in the reservoir to optimize horizontal-well placement for hydraulic fracturing and production. It also helps avoid water production which would negatively affect the economics of the well. However, NMR logs in unconventional shale are challenging due to potential overlapping signal in the 1-dimensional (1-D) 𝑇𝑇2 domain between micropore water and bound hydrocarbon (i.e. bitumen), and, macro-pore water and hydrocarbons. In response to this challenge, NMR core-analysis in unconventional organic-shale has proven that 2-dimensional (2-D) 𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇2 correlation maps and the 𝑇𝑇1/𝑇𝑇2 ratio can be a powerful technique for fluid typing and saturation. One limitation is that these techniques often just compare fully hydrocarbon-saturated with fully brine-saturated cores to calibrate a set of cutoffs in 𝑇𝑇1, 𝑇𝑇2, and/or 𝑇𝑇1/𝑇𝑇2 ratio. These cutoffs are then blindly applied to 𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇2 maps from logs or cores of unknown saturation to determine the macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation in the unconventional organic shale. An example from the unconventional Point-Pleasant formation is shown where the traditional 𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇2 cutoff technique to determine macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation breaks down, which is remedied by measuring 𝑇𝑇1 − 𝑇𝑇2 maps on mixed hydrocarbon-water saturated cores. The results show that instead of using cutoffs, the log-mean 𝑇𝑇1 , log-mean 𝑇𝑇2 , and log-mean 𝑇𝑇1/𝑇𝑇2 ratio correlate strongly against macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation of the mixed-saturated cores. In particular, for the Point-Pleasant organic-shale formation, the log-mean 𝑇𝑇1 is much more sensitive to macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation than the log-mean 𝑇𝑇2 or log-mean 𝑇𝑇1/𝑇𝑇2 ratio. The calibration of macro-pore hydrocarbon saturation from log-mean 𝑇𝑇1 is found to be different above and below a para-sequence boundary (nonconformity) in the organic-shale interval, the results of which can be used to interpret NMR logs. Details of the time-efficient technique used to obtain the mixed hydrocarbon-water saturated cores are shown.
REVISING THE INTERPRETATION OF COMPLEX CARBONATE RESERVOIRS WITH THE USE OF NOVEL ADVANCED LOGS INTEGRATION TECHNIQUES
Authors:   Schlumberger, Datir Harish B. , Mosse Laurent ,   Schlumberger, Kollien Terje ,   Lundin Energy Norway
Published: August 2021

The Alta field in the Barents Sea was discovered in 2014. The reservoir formation is primarily carbonate rocks with high formation water salinity. Extensive waterflooding processes have led to an approximately 200-m rise of water level. The complexities anduncertainties regarding imbibition, current free waterlevel, and pseudo fluid contacts within the field translateinto uncertainty in the hydrocarbon volume estimation. Initial, triple-combo-based petrophysical evaluations have already been updated using advanced log measurements, as reported in an earlier publication. The evaluation is now consolidated by using two new techniques relying on advanced spectroscopy logging and combination with dielectric dispersion logging. Their objective is to further reduce the uncertainty in water saturation associated with variable apparent water salinity. The present contribution proposes a workflow that relies on two novel techniques. The first technique is a direct quantitative measurement of formation chlorine concentration from nuclear spectroscopy, which helps resolve the formation's apparent water salinity and provides a way to calibrate formation matrix sigma. The second technique relies on the existing combined inversion of dielectric dispersion and formation sigma, including explicitly invasion effects. This second technique benefits from the first technique's insight to adjust sigma interpretation and provide bounds for possible salinity variations. The workflow provides robust flushed and unflushed zone salinities, here the most uncertain and variable parameter, combined with accurate estimations of virgin and residual hydrocarbon saturations. The quantification of dielectric textural parameters describing how the water is shaped inside the formation is also improved, contributing to the improvement of virgin zone hydrocarbon saturation estimation.
A GEOCHEMISTRY-ORIENTED WORKFLOW FOR WETTABILITY ASSESSMENT AT RESERVOIR CONDITION USING MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS
Authors:   The University of Texas at Austin, Silveira de Araujo Isa , Jagadisan Archana ,   The University of Texas at Austin, Heidari Zoya ,   The University of Texas at Austin
Published: August 2021

Reliable quantification of wettability is critical in assessment of fluid distribution, capillary pressure, relative permeability, and flow properties of fluids in reservoirs. Wettability of reservoirs can be affected by chemical composition of rock-fluid system, salinity, and reservoir temperature. Experimental assessment of wettability under reservoir conditions, while gaining control on the aforementioned parameters, may be tedious and challenging. Several published researches have used experimental studies to focus on determining the impact of individual factors on wettability of rock. However, studies on the combined effects of these factors are limited, although critical, for better understanding of wettability of hydrocarbon reservoirs. In this paper we introduce a workflow for assessment of wettability of rocks at reservoir condition using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The outcomes include (i) quantifying the wettability of pure minerals, (ii) quantifying the impact of reservoir temperature on wettability of pure mineral. The inputs to the simulation include molecules of pure minerals (quartz, calcite, albite) packed in a cubical simulation box. The molecules are condensed to form a flat surface. Subsequently, water and oil (hexane) molecules are placed on the surface of the mineral. We then perform simulations with constant number of particles, temperature and volume (NVT) on the system till equilibrium is reached. At equilibrium, the contact angle formed by the water droplet is measured. Contact angle is simulated for temperature conditions in the range of 300 to 380 K. The results showed that the contact angle between water-mineral for quartz, calcite, and albite at room temperature (300 K) ranges from 30º to 45º, indicating that the surface of these minerals is hydrophilic, with different degrees of hydrophilicity. This information is essential for reliable fluid flow simulations, which are often overlooked in conventional approaches. We also found that the temperature has a measurable impact on the contact angles formed by water droplet. We found that increase in temperature from 300 to 380 K decreases the contact angles by approximately 30% on quartz surfaces, 20% on albite surfaces, and 24% on calcite surfaces. The results for the hexane-mineral system show that the hexane behaved similarly in the three minerals surface. A thin film of hexane is formed at the surface corresponding to a contact angle of 0º. The method introduced in this paper has application for reliable evaluation of wettability at any reservoir of interest by knowing the molecular structure of clay and non-clay minerals as well as fluid content. Moreover, the challenges of wettability determination under high temperature and pressure conditions can also be efficiently addressed by using molecular dynamics simulations.
AN AI-BASED APPROACH TO ENHANCED FRACTURE RESOLUTION IN IMAGE LOGS
Authors:   DigiM Solution LLC, Howard James , Tracey Joe ,   DigiM Solution LLC, Shen Mike ,   DigiM Solution LLC, Zhang Shawn ,   DigiM Solution LLC
Published: August 2021

Borehole image logs are used to identify the presence and orientation of fractures, both natural and induced, found in reservoir intervals. The contrast in electrical or acoustic properties of the rock matrix and fluid-filled fractures is sufficiently large enough that sub-resolution features can be detected by these image logging tools. The resolution of these image logs is based on the design and operation of the tools, and generally is in the millimeter per pixel range. Hence the quantitative measurement of actual width remains problematic. An artificial intelligence (AI) -based workflow combines the statistical information obtained from a Machine-Learning (ML) segmentation process with a multiple-layer neural network that defines a Deep Learning process that enhances fractures in a borehole image. These new images allow for a more robust analysis of fracture widths, especially those that are sub-resolution. The images from a BHTV log were first segmented into rock and fluid-filled fractures using a ML-segmentation tool that applied multiple image processing filters that captured information to describe patterns in fracture-rock distribution based on nearest-neighbor behavior. The robust ML analysis was trained by users to identify these two components over a short interval in the well, and then the regression model-based coefficients applied to the remaining log. Based on the training, each pixel was assigned a probability value between 1.0 (being a fracture) and 0.0 (pure rock), with most of the pixels assigned one of these two values. Intermediate probabilities represented pixels on the edge of rock-fracture interface or the presence of one or more sub-resolution fractures within the rock. The probability matrix produced a map or image of the distribution of probabilities that determined whether a given pixel in the image was a fracture or partially filled with a fracture. The Deep Learning neural network was based on a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) approach where the probability map was first encoded and combined with a noise vector that acted as a seed for diverse feature generation. This combination was used to generate new images that represented the BHTV response. The second layer of the neural network, the adversarial or discriminator portion, determined whether the generated images were representative of the actual BHTV by comparing the generated images with actual images from the log and producing an output probability of whether it was real or fake. This probability was then used to train the generator and discriminator models that were then applied to the entire log. Several scenarios were run with different probability maps. The enhanced BHTV images brought out fractures observed in the core photos that were less obvious in the original BTHV log through enhanced continuity and improved resolution on fracture widths.
Implementation Of the Notary's Duties and Positions Regarding the Presence of the Appeaser Refers to Decree Number 65/33-III/ PP-INI/2020 Dated March 17, 2020
Authors: Witapratama Muhammad Firdausy Maulana
Published: August 2021

Concerns about Covid 19 by notaries in doing the Deed. This study aims to examine the Implementation of the Notary Position in Doing Deeds Before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period, and to Assess Obstacles in the Duties of Notary Positions in Doing Deeds during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period). The type of research used by the author is descriptive type research. Descriptive research is a problem-solving procedure investigated by describing or describing the current state of the subject and object of research based on existing facts. The results of the research in the Assignment of Notary Positions in Doing Deeds Before and during the Covid 19 Pandemic Period differed from the difference in the health protocol and the presence of the appeasers based on SK Number 65/33-III/ PP-INI/2020 dated March 17, 2020, regarding the matter referred to In the main point of the letter, the Central Management of the Indonesian Notary Association (PP-INI) and all of its staff expressed concern over the massive development of the spread of Covid-19 which directly affected the implementation of the duties of a Notary public in providing services to the public and in this regard, this PP urges all members to follow the health protocols set by the government to overcome the spread of Covid-19.Keywords: CoronaViruses, Notary, Decree.
Generalized differential-linear cryptanalysis of block cipher
Authors: Alekseychuk A.N.
Published: August 2021

Differential-linear cryptanalysis of block ciphers was proposed in 1994. It turns out to be more efficient in comparison with (separately) differential and linear cryptanalytic methods, but its scientific substantiation remains the subject of further research. There are several publications devoted to formalization of differential-linear cryptanalysis and clarification of the conditions under which its complexity can be mathematically accurately assessed. However, the problem of the differential-linear cryptanalytic method substantiation remains completely unresolved.

This paper  presents first results obtained by the author in the direction of solving this problem. The class of differential-linear attacks on block ciphers is expanded. Namely, both distinguishing attacks and attacks aimed at recovering one bit of information about a key are considered. In this case, no assumptions are made (as in well-known publications) about the possibility of representing the cipher in the form of some two components. Lower bounds of information complexity of these attacks are obtained. The expressions of these bounds depend on the averaged (by keys) values of the elements’ squares of the generalized autocorrelation table of the encryption transformation. In contrast to the known ones, the obtained bounds are not based on any heuristic assumptions about the investigated block ciphers and are valid for a wider class of attacks as compared to the traditional differential-linear attack. Relations between, respectively, differential, linear and differential-linear properties of bijective Boolean mappings are given. In contrast to the well-known works, the matrix form of the relations is used that makes it possible to clarify better their essence and simplify the proofs. A new relation is derived for the elements of the generalized autocorrelation table of the encryption transformation of the product of two block ciphers, which may be useful in further research.
The concept of synthesis of one class of self-synchronizing discrete signals
Authors: Gorbenko I.D. , Potii O.V. , Zamula A.A.
Published: August 2021

The use of broadband signals (BSS) makes it possible to increase the noise immunity of information and communication systems (ICS) when exposed to structural (mutual) and organized interference. The real noise immunity will be lower than the potential one. The reason for the decrease in noise immunity, when entering synchronism and when distinguishing signals, is the presence of side peaks of the correlation functions. Proceeding from this, the NLS used in ICS should have such correlation properties when the side peaks of the NLS CF are as small as possible, i.e. ideally should tend to zero. In this case, it is necessary to determine the influence of side peaks on the characteristics of signal detection, measure their parameters, distinguish signals, and find the conditions for obtaining small side peaks. The problem of synthesizing a class of signals with given correlation, ensemble and structural properties, as well as properties of "blurring" in correlation characteristics, is formulated and solved in general form. The specified property ("fuzziness") means that increasing or decreasing the length of the discrete signal does not change the correlation properties of the discrete sequence on the basis of which the signal is synthesized. The use of many of these signal systems in modern information and communication systems will improve the performance indicators of such systems, first of all, noise immunity, secrecy, information security, noise immunity of signal reception.
Analysis of the complexity of attacks on multivariate cryptographic transformations using algebraic field structure
Authors: Kandiy S.O. , Maleeva G.A.
Published: August 2021

In recent years, interest in cryptosystems based on multidimensional quadratic transformations (MQ transformations) has grown significantly. This is primarily due to the NIST PQC competition [1] and the need for practical electronic signature schemes that are resistant to attacks on quantum computers. Despite the fact that the world community has done a lot of work on cryptanalysis of the presented schemes, many issues need further clarification. NIST specialists are very cautious about the standardization process and urge cryptologists [4] in the next 3 years to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the finalists of the NIST PQC competition before their standardization.

One of the finalists is the Rainbow electronic signature scheme [2]. It is a generalization of the UOV (Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar) scheme [3]. Recently, another generalization of this scheme – LUOV (Lifted UOV) [5] was found to attack [6], which in polynomial time is able to recover completely the private key. The peculiarity of this attack is the use of the algebraic structure of the field over which the MQ transformation is given. This line of attack has emerged recently and it is still unclear whether it is possible to use the field structure in the Rainbow scheme.

The aim of this work is to systematize the techniques used in attacks using the algebraic field structure for UOV-based cryptosystems and to analyze the obstacles for their generalization to the Rainbow scheme.
On the Doppler effect in radar
Authors: Ryazantsev O.V. , Мarchenko S.V. , Kulik M.V.
Published: August 2021

The possibilities of simultaneous use of the longitudinal and transverse Doppler effects have been analyzed, and expressions have been derived for the corresponding beat frequencies between the emitted and received signals.

As a rule, only the longitudinal Doppler effect is used in modern radio engineering systems, which makes it possible to determine the radial component of the object's speed. In addition, there are situations for which it is generally impossible to determine the speed of an object without taking into account the transverse Doppler effect.

The authors analyze the fundamental possibilities of improving the functioning of radar stations that simultaneously use both types of Doppler effects – longitudinal and transverse ones – making it possible to determine the total speed of the observed object in any situations.

The authors have analyzed the longitudinal and transverse Doppler effects for the case of a moving emitting object, derived expressions for the Doppler shift and expressions for the beat frequency in the case of an active radar station for both types of Doppler effects, which make it possible to obtain the value of the object's speed in any situations.

Variants of determining the total speed of a moving object have been proposed, accounting the determination of its radial and tangential components. Idealized situations in which only one of the Doppler effects appeared have been considered.
Monitoring the difference in liquid levels in adjacent tanks
Authors: Zhukov B.V. , Odnovo A.V.
Published: August 2021

The possibility of synchronous monitoring of coolant levels in the cooling systems of nuclear and thermal power plants before and after the barrier mesh using a specialized level gauge is considered.

The block diagram of a level gauge providing current synchronous control of liquid levels in two adjacent channels (reservoirs), as well as the difference in liquid levels in them, is presented. A feature of the structural diagram of a specialized acoustic level gauge is the use of a radiation source common to both channels and a device for dividing the common waveguide path into two channels.

An algorithm for the functioning of a specialized level gauge has been developed, in which, based on time diagrams, it is shown how the level is controlled in each channel and the difference in liquid levels before and after the barrier grid is calculated. The description of the algorithm is accompanied by calculated expressions for determining the levels and the difference in liquid levels.

For a level gauge made in the acoustic wavelength range, a condition is given that is necessary for the creation of a device that provides matching when dividing a common channel into two independent channels of pulse signal propagation. This condition made it possible to establish the relationship between the inner diameters of cylindrical pipes used as waveguide paths of an acoustic wave.

 Variants of the implementation of a specialized level gauge based on two modifications of the ZOND-3M level gauge are proposed, in which cylindrical pipes are used as waveguiding systems. It is shown that when using the AP-7VT transceiver, the level gauge will have an operating range of up to 10m with a level resolution of ± 1mm, and when using the AP-70T transceiver, it will have an operating range of up to 20m with a level resolution of ± 1cm.
Female Factors of Infertility in a Couple
Authors: Ventskivs’ka Iryna , Zahorodnia Oleksandra
Published: August 2021

The problem of infertility is relevant to the whole world, that is explaned both by the prevalence (at least 50 million couples on the planet are diagnosed) and by the enormous medical, ecoomic, social and psychological significance. Another important aspect of infertility is the heterogeneity of its causes – about 40% of infertile marriages are caused by the female factor, 35% – male, 20% – a combination of male and female factors and 5% – have no identified factor.
In 2019, the American Collegue of Obstetricians and Gynecologists updated the guidelines for the timing and scope of examinations of infertile couples. In particular, if a woman is 35–40 years old, examination and elimination of the probable factor of infertility should be started after 6 months of non-pregnancy, and in the case of age older than 40 years – immediately after the couple’s accost. The expected tactics should not be used if the patient has oligo- or amenorrhea, known uterine and fallopian tube abnormalities, grade III or IV severity of endometriosis, and the couple has known male infertility factors.
Ovulation disorders as a factor of infertility include hypothalamic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian failure and hyperprolactinemia, which differ in the content of gonadotropic hormones and ovarian hormones. The adhesion process of the pelvic organs, which restricts the transport of sperm and fertilized egg through the fallopian tubes, is a consequence of endometriosis and inflammatory diseases caused mainly by sexually transmitted pathogens. Endometriosis, in addition to the formation of adhesions in the pelvic cavity, which is characteristic of stage III and IV of the disease, is also a factor in infertility due to elevated concentrations of prostaglandins and proinflammatory cytokines, failed endometrial reciprocity. Among the uterus abnormalities in the violation of fertility are the uterine membrane, leiomyoma with submucosal localization of the node and uterine synechiae.
As part of a comprehensive examination of patients with infertility, it is necessary to take into account the study of thyroid function.
Characteristics of the Incidence and Prevalence of Chronic Cystitis Among the Male Population in Ukraine
Authors: Saidakova Natalia , Stus Viktor , Havva Natalia
Published: August 2021

The work is devoted to the dynamics of morbidity and prevalence of chronic cystitis among the male population of Ukraine for 10 years (2008–2017). The primary documents were the reported forms of official statistics. The special feature of the study was a comparative analysis of two periods of five-years. The approach was justified by the possibility to trace the nature and intensity of changes, and was also of interest in terms of known territorial changes in the country.
It was found that among the total number of registered as well as first-time patients with chronic cystitis in Ukraine, a quarter of them were men. Over the years there has been a decrease in the number of cases. At the same time its rate among the latter is lower than among those registered, which is more pronounced in the last five years. This finding may suggest that the situation is likely to change in the near future towards an increase in the number of cases among men.
The first three places in the number of men with chronic cystitis are occupied by the Southeastern, Western, Southern regions. The incidence and prevalence rates (per 100,000) among men are half as high as the corresponding rates among the adult population as a whole. The values of the latter have been decreasing over the years, while the incidence rate increased between 2013 and 2017. Each region has its own peculiarities, which are manifested both by the levels of width in the regions which make up their structure and by the nature of their dynamics. The first identified men with CC usually accounted for one quarter of the total number of cases. Each region is distinguished by the number of first-time offenders. The situation in Ukraine is defined by the Southeastern, Southern regions and Kiev, where the rates are higher than the Ukrainian average and aer increasing.
Current Trends in the Use of Adrenoblockers in Urology: What Has Been Changed
Authors: Zaytsev Valerii
Published: August 2021

The main indications and practical features of the use of α1-blockers (AB) in urology are analyzes in the article. Studies show that AB usually reduce IPSS by about 30–40% and increase Qmax by about 20–25%. Recently, there have been changes in the AB usage. They are increasingly used for other indications than the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. This is the restoration of urination after urinary retention and in case of urolithiasis to improve the spontaneous passage of stones through the ureters (including women), although these indications are not officially approved. In addition, AB is increasingly being prescribed by physicians of various specialties (such as general practitioners or emergency physicians) rather than just urologists.
The development and implementation of a system of sustained release of tamsulosin has improved its tolerability by reducing the side effects on the cardiovascular system and expanded the possibilities of its use. High-quality generic tamsulosin preparations (such as Tamsin Forte) with a sustained release system can be a worthy alternative to the original drugs.
Methods for Early Diagnostics of Pathological States of the Penital Cavernous Basin
Authors: Rzayev Rauf Sarif oglu
Published: August 2021

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is today considered one of the most common disorders in middle-aged and older men and one of the most pressing problems from both a medical and social point of view.
The objective: to compare the main methods for diagnosing pathological conditions of the cavernous basin of the penis, leading to the development of ED.
Materials and methods. The study involved 62 patients (main group) aged 38 to 55 years, who applied to the clinic «Avration», with a diagnosis of ED and the presence of cardiovascular pathology. The control group included 50 healthy men. The main methods of patient examination were dynamic cavernosography and ultrasound of the penile cavity system. Evaluation of men with ED included a thorough history and physical examination.
Results. The results of the study indicate that the prevalence of ED in persons without somatic pathology is 20.0 ± 8.9%, in the presence of concomitant cardiovascular diseases – 77.4 ± 5.3%. The data obtained during dynamic cavernosography make it possible to reliably classify the etiology of ED and propose methods for its treatment. Analysis of the respondents’ answers made it possible to assess their sexual life, clearly demonstrated the main problems characteristic of the sexual life of patients with ED.
Conclusion. The main pathologies of the cavernous basin of the penis leading to ED are pathological venous leakage (74.2 ± 7.8% of cases), pathological shunts between the glans penis and the corpora cavernosa (35.6 ± 8.6% of cases), sclerosis of the cavernous bodies of the penis (29.0 ± 8.1% of cases). Dynamic cavernosography is a method for diagnosing pathological conditions of the cavernous basin of the penis, leading to erectile dysfunction, which is more effective than the method of ultrasound diagnostics.
Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy in the Position of the Patient Lying on His Back
Authors: Sagalevich Andrii , Vozianov Serhii , Gaysenyuk Fedir , Boyko Andrii , Kogut Viktor , Sosnin Mykola , Dzhuran Bohdan
Published: August 2021

The objective: evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in patients in the supine position.
Materials and methods. For the period 2017–2021, 521 mini-PNL were performed according to the standard technique, where in 458 (87,9%) cases the operation was performed in the patient’s prone position, and in 63 (12,1%) cases on the supine position (group 1). The control group (2 group) consisted of 70 patients, sporadically selected among 458 patients to whom PML performed in a standard prone position. Mini-PNL was performed under combined regional (spinal-epidural) anesthesia in 98,7% (514) cases, in 1,3% (7) under endotrachial anesthesia.
Results. The average time of surgery was 41,1±11,4 minutes in the 1st group and 57,4±10,3 minutes in the 2nd group (р<0,05), due to the lack of need to revolutionize the patient on the abdomen. Statistically greater (p<0,05) of the ability to perform/ additional percutaneous access in patients in the supaine position. Infectious complications (9,5 vs. 7,1%; p>0,05), stone-free conditions (96,4 vs. 98,2%; p>0,05) and average hospital stays (2,3 vs. 2,2 days; p>0,05).
None of the patients in both groups had complications higher than Clavien IIIa. When performing PNL in the supine position, in contrast to performing PNL on the prone position, there is always the possibility of using combined endoscopic methods. Where 3 (4,8%) patients underwent combined retro- and antegrade approaches for combination of nephrolithiasis with «wedged» calculi of the pyelourethral segment and in distal ureter, and retrograde laser endoureterotomy was performed in one (1,6%) patient. The limitation of our study includes a small sample size and a lack of group randomization.
Conclusions. The patient’s position on the supine position, during the implementation of PNL, is a safe technique and can be a particularly attractive option for the category of patients with high anesthesiological risk; in the case of planned simultane (transurethral and percutaneous) interventions on the UMP; in patients who are obese or with severe deformityof the spine.
Information-measuring system of moving objects based on hemispheric video camera.
Authors:   Tula State University, 92 Lenin Ave, Tula, 300012, Ovchinnikov A.V.
Published: August 2021

The paper proposes the implementation of an information-measuring system for autonomous moving objects based on a hemispherical video camera and an odometric system. Information processing algorithms and the results of their experimental studies are presented.
Experimental studies of the receiving-transmitting module of the radar complex for sounding the lunar soil
Authors:   Fryazino branch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences,  Vvedensky sq., 1, Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190, Russia, Semenov D.A.
Published: August 2021

he article presents the description of the receiving-transmitting module based on AESA for radar system intended for sounding the lunar soil. The program and test results of the developed receiving-transmitting module are presented.
Inovasi Pembelajaran Daring dan Dampak Bagi PAUD Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Bachtiar Muh. Yusri
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui inovasi pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru PAUD selama masa pandemi Covid-19, serta dampak pemanfaatan dan adaptasi aplikasi pembelajaran daring (APD) berdasarkan aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif-deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berbasis platform google form dengan sampel sebanyak 369 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Inovasi Pembelajaran Daring (IPD) yang digunakan oleh guru PAUD cukup berkembang dengan baik. 30 variasi APD dan 4 variasi pembelajaran hybrid menjadi bentuk implementasinya. Praktik baik ini merupakan bentuk adaptasi teknologi dan informasi yang diharapkan berlanjut. Dampak penggunaan APD ini dalam hal pemanfaatan dan adaptasi APD meliputi aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Ternyata lebih banyak guru yang memiliki pengalaman menggunakan APD, bahkan yang tidak berpengalaman mengganggap APD yang digunakan tidak menyulitkan. Penggunaan APD tidak dianggap mendukung tumbuh kembang kognitif, sikap, maupun psikomotorik, meskipun APD dianggap mendukung kemampuan kognitif, perkembangan sikap, dan perkembangan psikomotorik.
Model Pengasuhan Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun Berbasis Practical Life di Homeschooling Tunggal
Authors: Winata Widia , Susanto Ahmad , Suryadi Ahmad , Satriana Malpaleni , Rohaeni Siti
Published: August 2021

Anak usia dini berada dalam fase bermain, bergerak secara aktif. Munculnya penggunaan teknologi membuat anak cenderung banyak menggunakan media tersebut dan membuat anak kurang bergerak. Oleh karenanya dibutuhkan model pengasuhan di era digital yang berbasis practical life agar aktivitas anak dapat seimbang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan model pengasuhan berbasis practical life sebagai upaya preventif menghindari pengaruh negatif penggunaan teknologi. Model dikembangkan berdasarkan teori Montessori yang dipadukan dengan Research and Development model Dick and Carey. Desain pembelajaran disusun untuk anak usia 3-4 tahun yang diasuh di rumah (homeschooling tunggal). Penelitian ini berlangsung selama satu tahun dengan teknik pengumpulan data; observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif sederhana dengan mengikuti langkah model Dick and Carey; mengidentifikasi pembelajaran, melaksanakan, dan mengevaluasi pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menampilkan langkah model pengasuhan dimulai dari need assessment, demonstrasi, latihan independen, relasi konteks lain, dan evaluasi sebagai langkah preventif dalam menanggulangi pengaruh negatif penggunaan teknologi.
Panduan Aneuk Meutuah untuk Meningkatkan Regulasi Emosi Anak Usia 3 – 4 Tahun
Authors: Mardi Setio Budi , Baharuddin Baharuddin
Published: August 2021

Perkembangan emosi menjadi aspek penting pada anak usia 3 – 4 tahun. Ketidaksesuaian emosi antara orang tua dan anak sering ditemukan dalam aktifitas sehari-hari. Orang tua dapat meningkatkan kompetensi latihan emosi parenting dengan Panduan Aneuk Meutuah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas panduan Aneuk Meutuah untuk meningkatkan Latihan emosi parenting terkait regulasi emosi anak usia 3 - 4 tahun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperimental dengan desain penelitian Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK Bungong Reudeup (Kelompok percobaan) dan TK Tuanku Abdul Aziz(Kelompok kontrol) pada anak kelompok B. Sampel diambil secara nonrandom. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes, observasi dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan uji Anova. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa Panduan Aneuk Meutuah berpengaruh terhadap latihan emosi parenting terkait regulasi emosi anak usia 3-4 tahun. Dengan demikian, penulis simpulkan bahwa efektivitas Panduan Aneuk Meutuah berpengaruh secara signifikan untuk meningkatkan latihan emosi parenting terkait regulasi emosi anak usia 3-4 tahun
CREACIÓN DEL PROGRAMA DE PROCURACIÓN Y DONACIÓN DE CUERPOS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CÓRDOBA – ARGENTINA
Authors: Biasutto Susana N.
Published: August 2021

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IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NILAI PROPERTI RESIDENSIAL BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI PENILAI PEMERINTAH
Authors: Riyanto Edy
Published: August 2021

State asset management is conducted in a transparent and accountable manner. One notable requirement that has to be met is the value of the assets. Such value is estimated by a qualified government valuer based on certain valuation approaches. This process normally carries a degree of subjectivity. This research uses statistical procedures to identify property attributes that significantly affect residential property value based on the government valuers’ perception. For this purpose, a set of questionnaires was distributed to government valuers who are part of the Directorate General of State Assets Management (DGSAM). These questionnaires contained property attributes identified from the literatures and validated by several property valuers at the DGSAM and PKN STAN. There were 285 valuers who provided their responses in this research, which was slightly higher than the anticipated number of participants. Further analysis from these responses shows that non-structural property attributes, one that are not directly related to property physical attributes, are indicated to be more significant in affecting residential property value. This research however only involves DGSAM’s valuers and thus, is rather limited in nature. The results reported in this paper as such should be interpreted accordingly