bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Risks to the Russian Population from Weather Extremes in the Beginning of the XXI Century. Part 1. Heat and Cold Waves
Authors: Revich B. A. , Grigorieva E. A.
Published: April 2021

This literature review summarizes the results of international studies conducted by WHO, WMO, EU, and other organizations, in the areas of assessment of climate change-induced urban health risks, and development of action plans for adaptation of public health care and other public governance bodies to climate change. The results of studies of the relationships between heat waves, cold spells, and mortality rates conducted in Russian cities have also been critically reviewed. The study cites included the largest cities (Moscow, Saint-Petersburg, etc.) situated in various climate zones: Arctic, South European part of Russia, continental and monsoon climate zones. These studies showed that heat waves in the cities with moderately continental climate typically lead to greater increases in all-cause mortality rates than cold spells, relative to the cities located in other climate zones. At the same time, the health impacts of cold spells were more pronounced than those of heat waves in the north cities, which was not observed in the Russian South or Middle Siberia cities. On average, cold spells are characterized by greater health risks in the north cities than in the south cities. The values of the 3rd and 97th percentiles of long-term distributions of daily mean temperatures can be used as the threshold values for hazardous cold and heat waves. The health action plans should be activated when daily mean temperatures fall below the cold threshold, or exceed the heat threshold. The values of temperature thresholds depend upon local climates and are similar to hygienic standards. Russia has adopted a National Plan for adaptation to health risks induced by climate change. This plan includes the measures specifically aimed at reductions of excess mortality during heat waves and cold spells. The National Plan prescribes that similar plans should be developed for all administrative subjects of the Russian Federation. Implementation of heat wave (or cold spell) early warning systems in combination with other preventive measures can effectively reduce the numbers of excess deaths during extreme weather events.
Human Risks in the Digital Age
Authors: Sokolov Yu. I.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses human risks in the digital world, taking into account the influence of modern technology on its biology, the possibility of its transformation and merging with information technology.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДУ K-НАЙБЛИЖЧИХ СУСІДІВ В ПРОЦЕСІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ МОЛОКОПЕРЕРОБНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Квашук Д. М.
Published: April 2021

У статті досліджено можливості класифікації загроз для молокопереробних підприємств з використанням методу k-найближчих сусідів. Метою застосування даного методу є вирішення задач з оцінювання постачальників сировини за окремими категоріями надійності. Особливості економічної діяльності молокопереробних підприємств обумовлені постійним пошуком якісної сировини. Звичайно, що перед її використанням на підприємствах застосовують ряд перевірок, але такі перевірки досить витратні і не завжди проводяться в силу різних причин. Досліджений в роботі метод класифікації інформації, може бути використаний із застосуванням технологій машинного навчання. Для його апробації було використано програмний код, який включає в себе такі бібліотеки, як math, random, pylab, numpy, matplotlib. Для класифікації постачальників сировини, було створено тестову вибірку даних, після чого обчислено відстань до кожного з об'єктів навчальної вибірки. Відібрано k об'єктів навчальної вибірки, відстань до яких є мінімально. А також визначено класи постачальників сировини. Частина уваги приділено особливостям постачальників сировини для молокопереробних підприємств. На основі дослідження особливостей діяльності постачальників сировини для молокопереробних підприємств встановлено кількісні критерії їх надійності. Так, відповідні критерії були оцінені із застосуванням методу k-найближчих сусідів, що дозволило сформувати класифікацію постачальників сировини. Разом з тим, у статті висвітлено характеристики інформаційно-аналітичного забезпечення економічної безпеки молокопереробних підприємств, виділено ряд ключових особливостей такої діяльності.
MAIN ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF AVIATION SERVICES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Marchenko Svetlana
Published: April 2021

The main aspects of the market of aviation services of Ukraine considered in the article. An assessment of the characteristics of the service. The factors influencing the components of the cost of services substantiated. The interdependence of value and value of services taking into account risks revealed. The purpose of the study is to assess the characteristics of air services and identify the interdependence of value and value of air services, taking into account the risks that will ensure future growth in traffic, which will positively affect the quality of service, financial stability of enterprises, and at the same time. The study of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem showed that given the significant changes in the market of transport airlines, determining the components of the cost of the service requires further study and research. The research in the article carried out in the following logical sequence: the interdependence of the value and cost of air services revealed, taking into account the risks of civil aviation enterprisesю. The substantiation of the economic model of the cost of the service provided by the enterprises of the aviation industry carried out, taking into account the specifics of the activity and the influence of factors. The methodological tools of the study were: the method of questionnaires, the method of expert assessments, systematic analysis and statistical analysis to identify trends and patterns, the study period selected years from 2017 to 2019. The object of study selected aviation services of Ukraine, as the effectiveness of aviation services a decisive factor in ensuring the competitiveness of airlines. The article evaluates the characteristics of services of civil aviation enterprises by harmonizing the value and cost of the service taking into account the risks, which revealed the presence of the following interdependent values and the cost of the service, in particular, components of the cost of service provided by civil aviation enterprises. Cargo characteristics cost of loading and unloading works, fixed costs, variable costs, insurance, tax-on-cargo and profit. The results of the study can be useful for the management structures of airlines involved in the restoration and development of national aviation.
THE INFLUENCE OF YOUTUBE ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR CHILDREN 7-8 YEARS OLD
Authors: Mozes Getruida Nita
Published: April 2021

In the new norm era, children learn online from home. YouTube is used as a learning media to increase interest in learning English vocabulary. This qualitative descriptive study describes; how does YouTube affect the acquisition of English vocabulary and what is the impact of YouTube on the acquisition of English vocabulary. The study population was 7-8-year-old children. The research data is watching short English film and singing very simple English song from YouTube. The results of this study indicate that it is easier for children to pronounce and remember English words
Art as Contextual Epistemology: A New Theoretical Perspective on Contemporary Avant-gardism in Africa
Authors: Akpang Clement Emeka
Published: April 2021

Art constitutes a framework for the generation of new knowledge that enables a sophisticated understanding of society. It is deconstructivist/interrogative thus leads to the creation of alternative narratives and realities derived from complex visual interpretation of the universe, societies and circumstances. In a cognitivist sense, beyond aesthetic emotions/visual appeal art constitutes an intellectual source of knowledge through in-depth analysis of form, content and context of any given artwork. The paper adopts discourse and iconographic analysis as methodologies to introduce a new uncovered phenomenon of Contemporary Avant-gardism in postcolonial African art based on knowledge generation tailored to enforce change. This is achieved by interrogating the ideologies, methodologies and visual configurations of the works of contemporary African artists such as El Anatsui, Olu Amoda, Brett Murray, Kudzanai Chiurai, Clem Akpang and others. Their works instigate new lines of inquiries/knowledge through a renewed but subtle bohemian approach to artifactuality and interpretation of contemporary Africa. The paper submits that by its evocative/expressive nature, art creates structures of knowledge through subjective and visual dialogues that foster knowing in different ways beyond language. And that in contemporary African art-space this new artistic ethos is deployed as a form of avant-gardism that underpins the rationale of African art created in the continent today.
A Study on the Change of Functions of Kinari Village’s Rumah Gadang
Authors: Jingling Zhang
Published: April 2021

Rumah Gadang is a traditional house for Minangkabau people, the majority of whom live in West Sumatra. In addition to being a place of residence for the matrilineal family, the traditional house and a place of family consultation, places of ceremonies, inheritance of custom values, and representations of matrilineal culture. The paper will analyze the change of the traditional house function and its factors based on 146 traditional Nagari Kinari. The study uses a qualitative approach to identifying and collecting field data through the fieldwork in Nagari Kinari, Solok. The result shows that traditional houses in Kinari have dramatically changed their functions in matrilineal families' homes and educational centres. However, they are still places for important ceremonies and the manifestation of social status. The function in essential ceremonies and social status symbols These changes occur due to social changes, including changes in family structure, economic income, the national education system and personal awareness, and differences in understanding traditional culture.
A Importância Da Escolha De Indicadores Para Avaliação Eficiente De Políticas Públicas
Authors: Carvalho Rogério Galvão de , Leal Cícero Pereira
Published: April 2021

Com o aumento populacional e a crescente demanda por serviços públicos, cada vez mais sofisticados, associados à escassez dos recursos, os governos têm que ser eficientes na gestão das políticas públicas. A investigação pretendeu avaliar a importância da escolha dos indicadores: sociais, econômicos e ambientais, para o sucesso na gestão das políticas públicas. O artigo inicia a discussão a partir do problema ou da demanda socioeconômica, identificada e inserida na agenda central do governo, passando pelo processo de: elaboração, formulação, implantação e acompanhamento (monitoramento, avaliação e ajuste) de execução das ações dos projetos e dos programas da referida política. Esse processo, se bem ajustado, permite a solução eficiente, isto é, com alto retorno e baixo custo, tanto do ponto de vista privado, quanto ambiental, como social da demanda ou problema socioeconômico apresentado. Além disso, o artigo se propôs a realizar uma breve análise teórica recente e apontar os maiores problemas na escolha dos indicadores, para mensurar com eficiência o impacto da política pública, com intuito de municiar as futuras decisões políticas.
Linfoma Com Apresentação De Intussuscepção Em Paciente De 14 Anos: Relato De Caso
Authors: Elias Christian Tales , Santos Henrique Amorim , Ferreira Amanda Karolyne Batista , Guimarães Vinícius Henrique Almeida , Oliveira Jessé Marcos de , Melo Gabriela Rezende , Elias Caio Cezar , Lenza Roberto da Mata
Published: April 2021

Tendo em vista que a intussuscepção é uma das principais emergências abdominais diagnosticadas em crianças menores de dois anos, verifica-se que, ainda que incomum, tal condição clínica pode submeter pacientes maiores de dois anos por etiologia neoplásica. Sendo assim, este artigo tem por objetivo fazer uma análise clínica da conduta cirúrgica adotada em casos de intussuscepção primária sobre uma paciente de 14 anos que deu entrada de queixa de dores abdominais num hospital de clínicas no interior de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, de caráter descritivo, que constatou a necessidade de se levar em conta precedentes neoplásicos como os linfomas na análise etiológica, a fim de que a conduta cirúrgica e o prognóstico revelem resultados satisfatórios a condição clínica do paciente.
O Que É Ética Protestante E O Espírito Do Capitalismo Entre Os Neopentecostais
Authors: Costa Otávio Barduzzi Rodrigues da , Ramos Rosangela Patriota
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a definição de espirito do capitalismo weberiana bem como ética protestante e tecer considerações com a noção contemporânea de neopentecostalismo. A metodologia foi a análise bibliográfica. Espera-se contribuir com algumas reflexões deixadas pela grande obra de Weber para analisar questões da religião e da sociologia contemporânea. Tem-se como conclusões e resultados finais que o neopentecostalismo transforma a ética protestante, sobretudo no aspecto de ascetismo para um hedonismo de consumo.
Análisis de la rentabilidad económica del sistema portuario español
Authors: González Laxe Fernando
Published: April 2021

Se analizan los volúmenes de los tráficos de mercancías en los puertos españoles, sus niveles de especialización y los resultados económicos de las autoridades portuarias a lo largo del periodo 2011-2019. El sistema portuario español muestra una gran heterogeneidad derivada de la existencia de puertos grandes, pequeños y medianos, de diferentes grados de orientación y de tráficos cautivos, y de distintos niveles de inserción internacional. Se calcula la rentabilidad en función de la especialización de los tráficos, de la localización de los puertos y de las diferentes estrategias en lo tocante a las tasas portuarias llevadas a cabo por las 28 autoridades portuarias. El trabajo concluye que la especialización en mercancía general, en particular en contenedores, junto al tamaño del puerto, sí son relevantes de cara a obtener una mejor rentabilidad.
El sector exterior ante 2021: retos y oportunidades
Authors: Estudios y Evaluación Inst. Pol. Com. S.G.
Published: April 2021

El año 2021 se inicia con perspectivas de recuperación de la actividad económica y comercial internacionales, aunque en un marco de elevada incertidumbre. El sector exterior español, que acusó con intensidad el impacto de la COVID-19 en el año 2020, cuenta con fortalezas, como su amplia base de exportadores regulares, que lo configuran como un factor clave para la recuperación de nuestra economía. Los instrumentos de apoyo a la internacionalización se adaptaron durante 2020 a las necesidades de las empresas frente al impacto de la pandemia. A medio plazo, será preciso un nuevo esfuerzo de adecuación de estas políticas de apoyo para acompañar a las empresas españolas internacionalizadas en el aprovechamiento de sus fortalezas y de las oportunidades que va a ofrecer el escenario internacional poscovid.
Integración, deslocalización y creación de valor en la industria europea (2000–2018)
Authors: Rovira Homs Joan Ramon
Published: April 2021

El artículo analiza el impacto de la integración económica en Europa entre 2000 y 2018 sobre la localización de la actividad manufacturera y la capacidad para generar valor industrial. La evidencia aportada apunta a una mayor concentración de las actividades manufactureras en aquellos países con un mayor grado de especialización industrial y niveles complementarios de desarrollo, en detrimento de las economías con niveles intermedios de especialización.
Ellipsis in English and Albanian
Authors: JAHJA Nesrin
Published: April 2021

This research attempted to conduct an in-depth analysis of the text-forming elements based on the fact that cohesive devices are insufficiently treated in the Albanian language, although considerable research and publications have been made in other languages.
 
This study aims to bring evidence in recognizing, determining, and categorizing the structures of ellipsis and substitution which perform in English and Albanian. Comparing these important elements of grammatical cohesion in two languages will bring light upon the differences and similarities between the two languages. It will also show how frequently they are used in English and Albanian. Particularly, the aim is to show how these two mechanisms enable the avoidance of repetition, either by choosing other short words, phrases, and clauses or by removal of words, phrases, and clauses.
 
This study involved samples of fiction and non-fiction texts of English and Albanian language, consisting of two novels and two daily newspapers. The findings of the research indicate that in fiction texts, ellipsis is used more in the Albanian language rather than in English whereas substitution prevails more in English than Albanian. Ellipsis is used more in the Albanian language rather than in English in non-fiction texts too. Nevertheless, the frequency of substitution seems to be the same in both languages with a total of 4 items in English and 3 items in Albanian.
The Meranaw In Weddings: Understanding Pragmatics
Authors: Ibrahim Bai Salam Macapia
Published: April 2021

The Meranaw people are fond of “pananaroon” or proverbs. Most of the old folks use these proverbs to express their thoughts toward a situation. Meranaw and non-meranaw alike who are not exposed to the Meranaw community may misunderstood and misinterpret this Meranaw sarcasm as expressed through proverbs. By using qualitative analytical approach, this research paper aims to unveil the Meranaw pragmatics by analyzing and semiotically interpreting video recorded Meranaw speech acts delivered in Meranaw wedding gathering along with the reactions of the people involved in the interaction. Some of the aspects of language studied in pragmatics which are also be considered in studying the data include diexis, presupposition,performative,and implicature. The study shows how junctures plays a vital role in understanding pananaroon. Morever, the study shows that the Meranaw people are one of those whose language is very powerful in the society. It will take an outsider to immerse himself with the folks to fully understand what a word means and or a gesture means.
Packaging Attributes and Consumer Patronage of Cosmetics in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State
Authors: Ebitu Ezekiel Tom , Etuk Samuel , Ofem Joy Ekoi , Akwaya Olom, Patricia
Published: April 2021

The research examined packaging attributes and consumer patronage of cosmetics in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. It was conducted to determine how packaging attributes influenced consumer patronage of cosmetic products in Calabar Metropolis. The study specifically explored the effect of brand name, packaging information and design of packaging wrapper on consumer patronage of cosmetics in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. Cross sectional survey research design was adopted and primary data were collected from 139 cosmetic consumers in Calabar Metropolis using structured questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using multiple linear regression in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23). The findings revealed that brand name, packaging information and design of packaging wrapper had a significant effect on consumer patronage of cosmetics in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. Hence, it was concluded that packaging attributes had a significant effect on consumer patronage of cosmetics in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State. Therefore, the following recommendations were made: manufacturers of cosmetics in Calabar should strive to build strong brand names for their products by maintaining the highest level of product quality in order to enhance consumer patronage; adequate product information should be displayed on the packaging of cosmetics in order to enable consumers make informed purchase decisions; , and manufacturers of cosmetics in Calabar should consistently ensure that attractive designs are displayed on the packaging of their products in order to entice consumers to patronize.
CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS DE SAÚDE: DESAFIOS PROFISSIONAIS NA PANDEMIA
Authors: Da Silveira Andressa , Siepmann Soccol Keity Laís , Oliveira dos Santos Naiana
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: descrever as transformações no trabalho de profissionais que atuam com criança e adolescentes com necessidades especiais em uma Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Material e métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais do Sul do Brasil. Realizou-se entrevistas coletivas com 20 profissionais da equipe multidisciplinar. As enunciações foram gravadas em mídia digital, e submetidas à análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: os profissionais que atuam na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais expressaram que o processo de trabalho sofreu diversas modificações no contexto da pandemia, emergindo três categorias temáticas: o home office na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde e educação; os desafios do distanciamento para a assistência à saúde e educação e as; dificuldades impostas pelo distanciamento no cuidado às crianças e adolescentes. Conclusão: as transformações no trabalho de profissionais que atuam com criança e adolescentes com necessidades especiais, apresentam desgaste emocional dos profissionais que atuam nesse cenário de cuidado. Os profissionais que trabalham nesse espaço, compreendem que a família e os cuidadores são essenciais para a manutenção da qualidade de vida e para o avanço na educação.
A ESPIRITUALIDADE NOS CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM AO PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Dias Thais Bisognin , Pereira de Oliveira Marlon , Melo Cauane da Silva
Published: April 2021

Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura que objetivou conhecer de que forma a enfermagem contribui na assistência oncológica no que se refere ao atendimento espiritualizado nos últimos dez anos, e quais resultados apresentou. A busca dos artigos foi realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram encontrados 42 artigos e, com filtros que resultaram em onze estudos os quais responderam à questão pesquisa. A espiritualidade envolve cuidado, atenção, empatia, conforto espiritual e de emoções. Diferencia-se de religião pelo fato desta ser baseada em crenças, rituais, cultos e dogmas estabelecidos no cotidiano da pessoa e da família. É nos momentos de instabilidade emocional, doença e morte que os indivíduos procuram explicações e uma razão do porquê estão vivendo tal situação. É notável o despreparo de grande parte da equipe de saúde para lidar com as situações emocionais e, sobretudo, espirituais dos pacientes e seus familiares/cuidadores. Entender as particularidades dos indivíduos não é processo fácil, porém, se faz de extrema necessidade devido às possíveis situações vivenciadas. Dessa forma, entende-se que é fundamental incorporar a temática na formação e qualificação profissional, a fim de melhorar a qualidade da assistência prestada em saúde, resguardando os valores morais, éticos, biopsicossociais, religiosos e espirituais dos indivíduos.
TENDÊNCIA DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA BRASILEIRA ACERCA DO EMPODERAMENTO ESTRUTURAL DO ENFERMEIRO
Authors: Iop Moreira Daniela Yhasminn , Vargas Muniz Fabiéli , Pinno Camila , Camponogara Silviamar
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar a tendência da produção científica brasileira acerca do empoderamento estrutural do enfermeiro. Metodologia: estudo de Revisão Narrativa de Literatura realizado no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Su-perior (CAPES) e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), no mês março de 2021. Resultados: O corpus de análise foi composto por seis estudos, sendo quatro teses e duas dissertações. Após a análise criteriosa das publicações selecionadas, foi possível a organização e construção de um foco temático intitulado ‘Empoderamento estrutural do en-fermeiro e suas competências gerenciais no ambiente de trabalho’. A tendência da produção científica evidencia que o trabalho do enfermeiro está relacionado a determinados atributos como: autonomia, tomada de decisão, liderança e, principalmente, empoderamento. O empoderamento é caracterizado como um processo social, construído a partir das interrelações estabelecidas entre os indivíduos e o meio no qual estão inseridos, resultando em fortalecimento profissional e pessoal, de modo a repercutir em autonomia, motivação, conquistas e ampliação de visibilidade. Conclusão: o empoderamento vem sendo identificado nas relações interpesso-ais como processo social envolvendo oportunidade de acesso ao poder, conhecimento, feedback e interação com o ambiente de trabalho.
PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS DENGAN METODE STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL PADA RAMADHANI BAKERY AND CAKE
Authors: Safrizal  , Siti Zulaikha
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan pengendalian kualitas, jenis-jenis kerusakan, dan faktor yang menyebabkan kerusakan dalam proses produksi roti di UD. Ramadhani Bakery and Cake. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dalam pengolahan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) yaitu lembar periksa, diagram pencar, histogram, diagram pareto, diagram sebab akibat dan peta kendali. Hasil analisis data dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa proses produksi pada UD. Ramadhani Bakery and Cake sudah baik karena jumlah produk gagal masih berada pada batas wajar yaitu terletak antara Lower Control Limit (LCL) dan Upper Control Limit (UCL). Berdasarkan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) dapat disimpulkan jenis kerusakan yang terjadi di UD. Ramadhani Bakery and Cake adalah kerusakan paling banyak terdapat pada bentuk tidak seragam sejumlah 352 potong roti atau 41,86%, kemudian hangus sejumlah 250 potong roti atau 29,73% dan pecah sejumlah 239 potong roti atau 28,41%. Faktor yang menyebabkan kerusakan kegagalan produksi roti pada UD. Ramadhani Bakery and Cake cenderung lebih banyak diakibatkan oleh faktor metode dibandingkan dengan faktor lainnya
The Relationship between Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women and Stunted Children
Authors: Royani Ida , Mappaware Nasrudin Andi , Darma Sidrah , Khalid Nurfadhillah , Utami Dian Fahmi
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The nutritional status of pregnant women has a significant impact on the fetus's health and development. Low birth weight can be caused by womb growth problems. Research in Nepal shows that babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of becoming stunted. West Sulawesi is the most populous province in Central Indonesia, with a population of 39.7%. In Mamuju District, West Sulawesi, the relationship between stunted babies and maternal nutritional status during pregnancy was investigated.

Methods: Cross sectional analytic survey with a retrospective approach. Data processing using the chi square test. The population in this study was 20.039 people. Total sampling was used to collect nutritional status data of children under the age of five in West Sulawesi province from February to June 2020. In this study, 88 people were sampled, all of whom were mothers of stunted children aged 2 to 5 Years old and who had a KIA book during pregnancy.

Results: The results of statistical tests showed that the p value of nutritional status with BMI and LILA 0.000 and the p value of HB levels 0.066. There was a link between pregnant women's nutritional status and LILA, but not between HB levels and stunting.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women based on BMI and LILA and the incidence of stunting in Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province.
Prospective Validation of a Decision Tree Model for Prediction of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Bohara Tanka Prasad , Laudari Uttam , Parajuli Anuj , Rupakheti Shail , Joshi Mukund Raj
Published: April 2021

Background: Early identification of severe acute pancreatitis is important for early stratification, goal directed fluid therapy, rationalizing level of care to improve outcome. Various clinical, laboratory and imaging scoring system has been used to identify severe acute pancreatitis with variable results. Recently a decision tree model was proposed using serum creatinine, serum lactate dehydrogenase and oxygenation index to predict severe acute pancreatitis. This system is easy and usable at our centre. Hence, we conducted the study to validate the decision tree model prospectively.Methods: Patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis were included in the study. Decision tree model was used to identify patients at high and low risk for severe acute pancreatitis. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for prediction of the decision tree model.Results: Fifty-three patients were included in the study. Fourty-one (77.4 %) patients with mild acute pancreatitis, five (9.4 %) patients had moderately severe pancreatitis and seven (13.2 %) patients had severe acute pancreatitis. Sensitivity and specificity of decision tree model to predict severity of pancreatitis was 97.83%(95 % CI – 88.47% to 99.94%) and 71.43 % % (95 % CI – 29.04% to 96.33%) respectively with positive and negative predictable value of 95.74 % % (95 % CI – 87.45% to 98.64%) and 83.33 % % (95 % CI – 40.49% to 97.35%) respectively.Conclusions: Decision tree model with serum creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, and oxygenation index is an easy and useful tool to predict patients at high risk of developing severe acute pancreatitis.Keywords: Acute pancreatitis; decision tree; severe acute pancreatitis.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: A Case Report
Authors: Acharya Sudeep , Joshi Sandhya , Chaulagain Rajib
Published: April 2021

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue differentiation characterized by congenital malformation of the big toes and progressive heterotopic ossification in the extra skeletal tissues like tendons, ligaments, fascia and skeletal muscles leading to permanent disability. The prevalence is one in two million people. During childhood, it may be asymptomatic but in later life, progressive stiffness of major joints renders movement of the individual impossible. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this debilitating disease. Here, we present a case of 27 year old male with clinical and radiological features of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.Keywords: Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive; heterotopic ossification; myositis ossificans; myositis ossificans progressive.
Factors Influencing Modern Contraceptive Use among Adolescents in Nepal
Authors: Subedi Ranjeeta , Jahan Israt , Baatsen Pam
Published: April 2021

In Nepal, contraceptive use among married adolescents is low and has remained nearly stagnant since 2006, while little information is available about contraceptive use among unmarried adolescents. Nepal is committed to improve sexual and reproductive health rights among all the adolescents. Promoting modern contraceptive use especially among married adolescents is one of the key approaches in practice, to prevent HIV or sexual transmitted infections, avoid unintended pregnancy and sub-sequent unsafe abortion. In spite of these efforts, modern contraceptive use among married adolescents is not increasing. In this study, we aimed to review the prevalence and trends as well as factors influencing modern contraceptive use among both married and unmarried adolescents in Nepal. A review of existing published and unpublished articles, documents, and reports were conducted. An adapted and modified socio-ecological model was used to explore the factors influencing contraceptive use.Contraceptive use is persistently low among adolescents. Various interrelated factors like socio-cultural norms and traditions, lack of comprehensive knowledge on contraceptive methods among adolescents, inadequate adolescent friendly Services and health workers not having the competencies to work with adolescents, are the major influential factors that limit adolescents to seek and use contraceptive services and information.A multilevel approach is required to address the interrelated factors and to create an enabling environment in which adolescent are fully informed and equipped to make use of contraceptives and related services. For this to happen, Government and NGOs working on sexual and reproductive health rights have to work towards translating the existing policies into practice. Involving adolescents, their families and communities; equipping teachers to provide comprehensive sex education within school and sex education programme for out of school and enhancing the competencies of health workers to provide adolescent friendly services – all in line with the written policy - is urgently needed.

Keywords: Adolescent; barriers; contraceptive; Nepal; SRHR.
Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme Annual Report, 2020
Authors: Lahra Monica M , Hogan Tiffany R , Shoushtari Masoud , Armstrong Benjamin H ,   the National Neisseria Network, Australia
Published: April 2021

The Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme (AGSP), established in 1981, has continuously monitored antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for more than 40 years. In 2020, a total of 7,219 clinical isolates of gonococci from patients in the public and private sectors, in all jurisdictions, were tested for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility by standardised methods.
Current treatment recommendations for gonorrhoea, for the majority of Australia, continues to be dual therapy with ceftriaxone and azithromycin. In 2020, decreased susceptibility (DS) to ceftriaxone (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] value ≥ 0.06 mg/L) was found nationally in 0.9% of isolates. There was one isolate, reported from Victoria in 2020, that was resistant to ceftriaxone (MIC value ≥ 0.25 mg/L). Resistance to azithromycin (MIC value ≥ 1.0 mg/L) was found nationally in 3.9% of N. gonorrhoeae isolates, continuing a downward trend observed and reported since 2017. Isolates with high-level resistance to azithromycin (MIC value ≥ 256 mg/L) are identified sporadically in Australia; in 2020, there was one such isolate reported in Queensland.
In 2020, penicillin resistance was found in 27% of gonococcal isolates nationally, and ciprofloxacin resistance in 36%; however, there is considerable variation by jurisdiction. In some remote settings, penicillin resistance remains low, and this drug continues to be recommended as part of an empiric therapy strategy. In 2020, in remote Northern Territory, no penicillin resistance was reported, and in remote Western Australia 5/116 of gonococcal isolates (4.3%) were penicillin resistant. There was one ciprofloxacin-resistant isolate reported from remote Northern Territory, and ciprofloxacin resistance rates remain comparatively low in remote Western Australia (4/116; 3.4%).
Standards of Proof: A Comparative Overview from the Ukrainian Perspective
Authors: Karnaukh Bohdan
Published: April 2021

The article addresses the issue of standards of proof from a comparative perspective. The author sketches the conventional distinction between common law and civil law countries in this regard, as well as some approaches that query the validity of the rigid division. The main purpose of the article is to characterise the Ukrainian approach to the standards of proof against the background of comparative analysis. The author concludes that recent developments in Ukrainian law have paved the way for a distinction between criminal and civil standards of proof. However, the doctrine is not yet elaborate enough to warrant a coherent application of the two different standards. There is a view that in civil law countries, not much attention is paid to the standard of proof. We would rather not take the liberty of generalising about all civil law countries, but with regard to Ukrainian doctrine, the assertion seems rather justified. However, some recent developments in procedural legislation give reasons to believe that the approach is being gradually changed. The disregard of the issue, underpinned by the sacred belief in the attainability of absolute truth, fades in comparison to the acknowledgement that standards of proof may differ in civil (commercial) and criminal cases. It is this inflexion point in Ukrainian evidence law that may entail far-reaching repercussions. Therefore, open discussion of the issue is needed to elaborate a doctrinal approach that could serve as a basis for the development of a coherent jurisprudence.
Analysis of Steroid Effect in Patients with Olfactory Dysfunction
Authors: Lee Chang Bae , Kim Sangjun
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives Olfaction plays an important role on sensing and discriminating smell and taste. The number of patients visiting outpatient department for treatment of olfactory dysfunction is increasing along with the change in patients’ perception about the importance of olfactory function.Subjects and Method Patients with olfactory dysfunction, who visited the hospital from 2010 to 2018, were included in this study. The medical records were reviewed focusing on the Korean Version of Sniffin’ Stick, the CT finding of olfactory cleft or signs of sinusitis, and the effect of oral steroids. Postviral olfactory disorder (PVOD) patients and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients were treated by oral steroid, starting on prednisolon (Solondo Tab®, YuHan Corp.; 40 mg per day) and tapered for 2 weeks.Results There were 13 cases where patients’ sense of smell was improved only for a short period of time after taking steroids but worsened thereafter. They showed improvement of olfactory function every time they took steroids. We defined this group as “steroid dependent olfactory dysfunction.”Conclusion It is necessary to understand the physiology and molecular biologic mechanisms behind the causes of olfactory dysfunction in order to establish the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategy. Steroid dependent olfactory dysfunction also needs more investigation.
Inner Ear Gene Therapy in Mouse Models of Genetic Hearing Loss
Authors: Choi Jin Woong
Published: April 2021

Hearing loss is the most frequent sensory disorder affecting newborns and children. About 1 newborn in every 500 suffer from congenital hearing loss, with approximately half of these having a genetic cause. In the last few decades, the study of genetic hearing loss and related mouse models has unveiled molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms of the disease. In addition, effective and safe viral vectors for gene delivery to the inner ear have been generated. A growing number of approaches, including gene replacement, gene silencing, and gene editing, have proved effective in mouse models. This article briefly introduces basic strategies of gene therapy, viral vectors used and surgical methods for gene delivery, and reviews the current works on mouse modes of genetic hearing loss.
Correção do sorriso gengival através do aumento de coroa clínica usando a técnica flapless: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Galdino Daldiane Araújo , Bernardino Ítalo de Macedo , Barbosa Danielle do Nascimento , Ferreira Ivalter José , Silva Fernanda Araújo da , Silva Bruna Dantas da , Costa Lucas Gabriel Candido
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo avaliar as evidências científicas atuais sobre a correção do sorriso gengival através do aumento de coroa clínica usando a técnica “flapless” e comparar os resultados com os da técnica convencional. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma busca de dez bases de dados eletrônicas como fontes iniciais de estudo. A pesquisa resultou em 404 registros, dos quais nove foram considerados elegíveis. Resultados: As evidências clínicas e científicas destacaram que o aumento de coroa clínica com a técnica “flapless” é uma alternativa cirúrgica viável para a correção do sorriso gengival ou para correção do formato desarmonioso da linha gengival. Os benefícios desse procedimento são menos sangramento, maior aceitação do paciente, resultado eficaz imediato, baixa morbidade, sem necessidade de suturas, rápida cicatrização e boa estabilidade da magem gengival. Conclusões: Os fatores etiológicos e as indicações devem ser criteriosamente analisados com objetivo de realizar um planejamento adequado e obter sucesso no procedimento.
Perdas quantitativas na colheita mecanizada de feijão
Authors: Pereira Filho Walter José , Compagnon Ariel Muncio , Franco Felipe José Barbosa , Rosa Neto Nilson Dias , Lemes Luíla Macêdo
Published: April 2021

A colheita constitui-se com uma das principais etapas dentro do processo produtivo do feijão, uma vez que apresenta alto custo agregado e se realizada da maneira incorreta pode ocasionar perdas significativas. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar as perdas quantitativas na colheita mecanizada de feijão sob diferentes velocidades da colhedora e teor de água dos grãos. O ensaio foi conduzido de julho a novembro de 2019. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo três velocidades de colheita (3,5, 4,5 e 5,5 km h-1) e dois teores de água dos grãos (12 e 14%, base úmida), com seis repetições. Foram mensuradas as perdas naturais, por deficiência de corte, nos mecanismos internos e totais. O fator velocidade não foi significativo em nenhuma das perdas avaliadas, embora os valores médios de perdas totais obtidos para as todas as velocidades estudadas estejam acima do limite aceitável. O teor de água afetou as perdas internas e totais, sendo os maiores resultados obtidos com 14%.
Programa de saúde na escola e o alinhamento de ações na prevenção do coronavírus
Authors: Fettermann Fernanda Almeida , Silveira Marlise Grecco de Souza , Escobar Taiane Acunha , Valença João Antônio Pinheiro , Sganzerla Francieli Luana , Pessano Rita Freitas Ribeiro , Mansilha Luiza Vanessa Quevedo , Cunha Fernando Icaro Jorge , Nunes Camila Severo
Published: April 2021

O Programa Saúde e Prevenção nas Escolas foi elaborado e implementado pelo Ministério e tem o intuito garantir a abordagem de temas determinados em saúde. Atualmente, além dos 12 ações já preconizadas, foram inseridas as ações sobre “Promoção da saúde e prevenção à COVID-19”. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer como são realizadas as ações do Programa de Saúde na Escola na prevenção do coronavírus. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada no mês de julho de 2020. Participaram da pesquisa professores de uma escola de ensino básico na Fronteira Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um formulário online. A pesquisa foi aprovada sob o número de registro 3.704.100. Participaram 17 professores, dentre os quais 15 são do sexo feminino e dois do sexo masculino. No que refere-se a articulação entre a saúde e as escolas do território, os professores referiram que é preconizado o desenvolvimento de 12 ações ou mais. No período da pandemia, os professores mudaram o foco das ações do programa e abordaram temas relacionados ao Covid-19, ainda, os professores, estão preparando materiais com dicas de Prevenção ao Coronavírus e dicas para tornar a quarentena mais leve e saudável. A partir das análises levantadas percebemos que a Pandemia do Covid-19, transformou a metodologia pedagógica das escolas, principalmente, da escola que foi objeto de pesquisa, visto que o Ensino Remoto possibilitou uma continuidade na integração com as atividades desenvolvidas pelo Programa.
Investigating the Causes of Entrepreneurs Failure to Start-up Greenhouse Business in Isfahan Province, Iran
Authors: RAMEZANI Masoud , PAPZAN Abdolhamid
Published: April 2021

Despite the impact of entrepreneurships on economic development, it has not received much attention over the last few decades. Most studies in the field of entrepreneurship have been based on the experiences of successful entrepreneurs. Although the success and failure of entrepreneurs are two sides of the same coin, studying the causes of entrepreneurial failure provides us with much more important information for analyzing the entrepreneurial ecosystem in a country. Therefore, by examining the failure of entrepreneurs, the entrepreneurial ecosystem can be changed to improve the conditions for future success of entrepreneurs. The present study examines factors caused to failure start-up greenhouse business by licensed entrepreneurs in province of Isfahan located at central part of Iran. This study considers population who obtained license to start greenhouse business but failed to do so at last. This study applied qualitative research technique and related data were collected through semi-structured telephone interviews with totally 450 interviewee and 264 of them participated in the study. To analysis the collected data, the structural content analysis technique of grounded theory was applied. Due to importance of factors, vocabulary counting technique was applied. As a result, 575 Barriers are expressed by entrepreneurs. At the open coding stage, the extracted phrases are integrated in 19 terms of meaningful expressions by integrating the same items and removing repetitive cases. At the axial coding stage, 19 integrated concepts are obtained. Subsequently, the extracted phrases create six main factors. At the selective coding stage, the entrepreneurs' basic barriers are categorized into three categories: Human Barriers, Economic barriers, Infrastructure facilities and supportive policies. This study well revealed that weak infrastructure facilities, poor supportive system, economy barriers and problems with human resource barriers respectively had powerful deterrent factors which caused license holders to give up starting a greenhouse business.
Effects of Chemical and Organic Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Quality Traits of Industrial Tomato
Authors: TURHAN Ahmet , ÖZMEN Neşe
Published: April 2021

Increasing plant production by protecting the environment is one of the main goals of today's agriculture. On the other hand, the use of both inorganic and organic fertilizers is becoming increasingly extensive. This study was carried out in field conditions to determine the effects of organic and inorganic fertilization on yield and quality characteristics of industrial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Heinz 1015 F1). For this purpose, contents of fruit total soluble solid contents, total dry matter, titratable acidity, lycopene, total carotenoids, and vitamin C contents and yield (marketable yield and paste yield) were determined. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design with 3 replications. There were seven experimental treatments as of control (without fertilizer), chemical fertilizer, organic farmyard manure, sheep manure, poultry manure, vermicompost and leonardite. According to the research results, the highest marketable and tomato paste yield were obtained from chemical fertilizer, followed by organic fertilizers and the lowest values were obtained from the control. As compared to chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers influenced fruit quality attributes more positively. The highest lycopene, total carotenoid and vitamin C contents were obtained from organic fertilizers, especially from poultry manure. Fruit soluble solids and dry matter contents, important processing traits assumed by tomato industry, were obtained from poultry manure treatments. Fruits from leonardite-treated plants had considerably higher titratable acidity levels. Except for total dry matter and titratable acidity, lowest values of quality parameters considered important in industrial tomatoes were obtained from unfertilized (control) plots. Present findings revealed that chemical fertilizers were essential for high and economic yield levels in tomato farming, but organic fertilizers should also be supplemented to improve tomato fruit quality attributes.