bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the surface quality of reused woods from Maçaranduba (Manilkara sp.) and Sucupira (Pterodon sp.)
Authors: Fernandes Fernanda Luíza dos Santos , Ribeiro Ivo Eduardo Oliveira , Fraga Maria Isabel de Jesus , Silva Mariane , Rocha Adriann Lucas Machado , Andrade Anna Carolina Almeida , Cardoso Junior Antônio Américo
Published: July 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the surface quality of reused wood, analyzing whether the behavior and characteristics indicated in the production of furniture are still maintained after use, in order to indicate appropriate uses and applications. In the furniture sector, the better the machined surface, the better the quality of the product. Two wood boards of Maçaranduba (Manilkara sp.) and Sucupira (Pterodon sp.) were then manually planed longitudinally and tangentially, considering the slow and fast machining speeds for each face, and the evaluation of the feed and speed speeds advancement per tooth. The relationship between feed speed and surface finish quality was observed, since faces machined at high speed presented a thick finish, obtaining 11.10 m.min-1 and 7.09 m.min-1 in feed speed for, respectively, Maçaranduba and Sucupira. The faces machined at slow speed showed medium quality of finish, less roughness and better quality of the planed surface according to the ASTM D 1666-22 standard when presenting 3.17 m.min-1 and 2.79 m.min-1 at speed of advance to, respectively, Maçaranduba and Sucupira. It was also noted that the faces that have a thick finish and, consequently, a higher feed speed per tooth, are subject to rework in order to achieve the necessary quality for furniture manufacturing. In view of this, it was verified that Maçaranduba machined slowly presented excellent surface quality, responding positively to the objective of the exposed work.
Historical trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil: epidemiological aspects and perspectives for the future
Authors: Ribeiro Alessandra Domiciano , Mattos Vanessa Jeronimo de Senne , Salgado Juliana da Silva Pereira , Coêlho Matheus Diniz Gonçalves
Published: July 2023

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) still persists as an important public health problem in Brazil and has shown signs of increasing cases in recent years. Therefore, in the present work, a classic epidemiological research of quantitative, descriptive and exploratory character, the objective of this study was to evaluate the spatiotemporal distribution of this protozoal disease in the country and its different socio-administrative regions, while observing its distribution profile by age and gender, using secondary databases available on government websites. It was observed that the northern and northeastern regions, particularly the northern region, were the most affected, possibly due to environmental factors such as climatic conditions, density of forested areas, and diversity of sand fly species that prevail in this region. It was also possible to observe a significantly higher number of cases among men and children, possibly related to the activity patterns that men engage in and physiological and immunological factors related to children. The results obtained allow us to emphasize the design of prevention strategies aimed at minimizing the morbidity resulting from VL, such as treatment and population control of dogs, as well as the implementation of educational measures and strategic vector control.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children and adolescents in southern Brazil
Authors: Reto Amanda Lopes Pereira , Folchini Caroline Mensor , Karuta Simone Carreiro Vieira , Fidalski Solena Ziemer Kusma , Valle Daniel Almeida do
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure without the identification of tumor or ventriculomegaly. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological profile of children diagnosed with IIH in southern Brazil. Methods: This is a retrospective study, through the analysis of medical records and complementary exams. The medical records of patients diagnosed with IIH from January 2012 to September 2022 were evaluated. Results: Data from 33 children were analyzed and the mean age at diagnosis was 9 years, 66.7% of whom were female. In patients less than 8 years of age, the mean weight Z-score was -0.32 (SD :1.88). Of the analyzed patients, 66.7% had symptoms for up to one month, 93.3% had primary IIH and 86.7% had headache as the first symptom. Regarding treatment, 90.0% responded to monotherapy and 13.3% required surgical intervention. There was a higher risk of surgery in patients who had higher cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure at diagnosis (p=0.029). Visual sequelae at hospital discharge were observed in 47.1% of patients. Conclusion: Clinical signs and symptoms can be variable in pediatrics, requiring additional tests. A higher prevalence of IIH was observed in female adolescents. There is an increase in incidence over time, which reinforces the care and attention for this condition in pediatrics.
Epidemiological profile of Acquired Syphilis Cases in Paraíba, Brazil (2015 – 2021)
Authors: Souza Isaias Sena Moraes de , Lima Thiago Barbosa Benjamin de , Torquato Silvana Câmara , Loureiro Hilce Santiago , Barbosa Arthur Hennys Diniz , Dias Jhonatta Alexandre Brito
Published: July 2023

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. The infection is chronic and characterized by periods of intermittent latency, generating primary, secondary and tertiary stages of the disease. It is transmitted predominantly via sexual route, but vertical transmission, from a pregnant woman to the developing fetus or during childbirth, can occur. Parenteral transmission is also possible, however on a smaller scale. The present study aimed to contextualize T. pallidum infection and provide a descriptive epidemiological analysis of the distribution of cases of the disease in the state of Paraíba, in Brazil, according to age group, sex, education, race/ethnicity and cities with the highest concentration of confirmed cases. Between 2015 and 2021, a total of 6150 cases of acquired syphilis were reported. The year of 2019 concentrated the highest number of cases of the disease (1820), with 29.58%. Brown individuals were responsible for 3586 cases (58.31%), men comprised 4016 cases (65.30%), the age group 20-39 years had 3668 cases (59.64%), people with complete high school presented 825 cases, but there was a significant percentage of notifications as "ignored/blank", comprising 2928 cases in the variable "education" and significantly hindering the interpretation of data.
Análise dos seios maxilares e suas extensões em radiografias panorâmicas digitais
Authors: Carvalho Maria Vitória de Melo , Carvalho Thais da Costa , Santos Camila Oliveira dos , Santos Mariana Aparecida dos , Ferreira Ítalo Nascimento , Santos Valéria Pinto dos , Vasconcellos Sara Juliana de Abreu de
Published: July 2023

A radiografia panorâmica (RP) é um dos exames radiográficos mais utilizados em odontologia, analisa estruturas ósseas como o Seio Maxilar (SM) e suas extensões. O objetivo é analisar nas RPs, os principais tipos de extensões em SMs como, extensões alveolares e anteriores, perda dentária, relação entre a tuberosidade e a presença dos terceiros molares. Neste estudo de delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa, retrospectivo, por amostra de conveniência, verificou-se as RPs da Clínica de Radiologia da Universidade Tiradentes nos anos de 2019 e 2021, selecionando pacientes acima de 18 anos, examinando 484 radiografias e 968 SMs. Na associação entre as variáveis, utilizou-se o teste não paramétrico Qui-quadrado, com nível de significância estatística em p<0,05. Os dados mostraram predominância ao gênero feminino (63,6%) com preminência de extensões alveolares (76,7%), e maior prevalência nos indivíduos de 18 a 30 anos (44%). No quesito lado afetado, verificou-se 350 extensões alveolares (79,94%) bilateralmente, quando associadas a perda dentária, totalizaram 55,1%, entretanto 44,9% exibiram prolongamento com a presença de dente. A relação entre a frequência da extensão para tuberosidade associada à ausência de terceiros molares totalizou 79 seios, porém 45 seios exibiram extensão com terceiros molares na região. Portanto, houve maior prevalência de extensões alveolares, em mulheres, entre 18 e 30 anos, bilaterais nos maxilares. Em relação à presença do terceiro molar e extensão para tuberosidade, a maioria estava sem a unidade dentária.
O impacto do tratamento ortodôntico na qualidade de vida dos pacientes com má oclusão
Authors: Maciel Geovanna de Melo , Verde Giselle Lima , Rêgo Marconi Raphael de Siqueira , Monte Thiago Lima
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A má oclusão dentária é um alinhamento anormal dos dentes que geram impactos na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e o tratamento tem como finalidade reduzir esses impactos. Objetivo: avaliar as implicações do tratamento ortodôntico para a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura onde as buscas das evidências científicas foram realizadas nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientfic Eletronic Library Online e PubMed, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Mal oclusão, Ortodontia e Qualidade de Vida. Resultados: Foram encontrados inicialmente 559 artigos e após aplicar os critérios de exclusão, chegou-se a 7 artigos que estavam adequados aos objetivos do estudo e com grau de evidência científica satisfatória. Conclusão: conclui-se que existe um impacto real na qualidade de vida dos pacientes com má oclusão tratados ortodonticamente, tanto na demanda estética como funcional.
Saúde mental de profissionais da saúde em contexto hospitalar: Revisão de literatura sobre o cenário brasileiro na COVID-19
Authors: Gregoviski Vanessa Ruffatto , Comandulli Brenda Thamires , Pederiva Vanessa , Andretta Ilana , Brust-Renck Priscila Goergen
Published: July 2023

Objetivou-se fazer um levantamento de estudos empíricos publicados em 2020 e 2021 direcionados à saúde mental de profissionais da saúde que atuam no contexto hospitalar brasileiro no cenário da COVID-19. Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa avaliando artigos em duas bases de dados nacionais. Selecionaram-se seis artigos, cujos dados foram coletados entre abril e agosto de 2020, nos quais a maioria dos participantes era da área de enfermagem. Os principais sintomas percebidos foram compatíveis com diagnóstico de depressão e ansiedade. Contudo, houve outros sinais preocupantes, como estresse, sofrimento físico e psíquico, desesperança, entre outros. Destaca-se a importância de mais estudos com esse público durante março e abril de 2021, dado o aumento da demanda por conta da alta de casos e mortes por COVID-19. Ademais estudos longitudinais podem ser feitos a fim de se saber sobre o impacto na vida e na saúde desses profissionais que pode ter sido ocasionado nesse período.
Closing the yield gap of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in Southern Africa: a case of Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique
Authors: Omondi John Okoth , Mkuhlani Siyabusa , Mugo Jane , Chibeba Amaral Machaculeha , Chiduwa Mazvita Sheila , Chigeza Godfree , Kyei-Boahen Stephen , Masikati Patricia , Nyagumbo Isaiah
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are increasingly producing soybean for food, feed, cash, and soil fertility improvement. Yet, the difference between the smallholder farmers’ yield and either the attainable in research fields or the potential from crop models is wide. Reasons for the yield gap include low to nonapplication of appropriate fertilizers and inoculants, late planting, low plant populations, recycling seeds, etc.

Methods

Here, we reviewed the literature on the yield gap and the technologies for narrowing it and modelled yields through the right sowing dates and suitable high-yielding varieties in APSIM.

Results and Discussion

Results highlighted that between 2010 and 2020 in SSA, soybean production increased; however, it was through an expansion in the cropped area rather than a yield increase per hectare. Also, the actual smallholder farmers’ yield was 3.8, 2.2, and 2.3 times lower than the attainable yield in Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique, respectively. Through inoculants, soybean yield increased by 23.8%. Coupling this with either 40 kg ha−1 of P or 60 kg ha−1 of K boosted the yields by 89.1% and 26.0%, respectively. Overall, application of 21–30 kg ha-1 of P to soybean in SSA could increase yields by about 48.2%. Furthermore, sowing at the right time increased soybean yield by 300%. Although these technologies enhance soybean yields, they are not fully embraced by smallholder farmers. Hence, refining and bundling them in a digital advisory tool will enhance the availability of the correct information to smallholder farmers at the right time and improve soybean yields per unit area.
Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy using a portable instrument to measure the nutritive value of oilseed meals as livestock feed
Authors: Walelegne Mulugeta , Meheret Fentahun , Derseh Melkamu B. , Dejene Mesfin , Asmare Yonas T. , Prasad Kodukula V. S. V. , Jones Chris S. , Dixon Robert M. , Duncan Alan J.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Measurement of the nutritive value of feedstuffs with near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) laboratory benchtop spectrometers is well-established. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and accuracy of a handheld low-cost Tellspec NIRS spectrometer for measurement of the nutritive value of oilseed meals.

Methods

Samples (n=142) comprising byproduct meals from processing linseed, noug seed, cotton seed, groundnut, rapeseed, soybeans, and sunflower seeds were collected from farms, oil factories, wholesalers, and retail shops in central Ethiopia. Samples were scanned ‘as received’ (UGr) and also following drying and grinding (Gr), and were scanned once, twice, and ten times in a 2x3 factorial experimental design. Laboratory analyses of total nitrogen (TN), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) provided reference measurements. Calibration models were developed using a subset of 2/3 of the spectra and validated using the remaining 1/3 of sample spectra.

Results

The sample form and the number of scans, and their interactions, all significantly affected the accuracy of the calibration models (P<0.001). The most accurate calibrations were with Gr samples scanned 10 times, where the coefficient of determination of both calibration and validation sets (R2cal and R2val) were ≥ 0.90 for most attributes. The respective standard errors of prediction (SEP) (g/kg DM) for Gr, and ‘as received’, samples respectively that were scanned ten times were: TN (3.2 and 4.7), IVOMD (11.7 and 20.1), NDF (26.9 and 43.8), ADF (25.3 and 44.6), and ADL (6.8 and 10.7). Also, the SEP for each attribute was reduced (P<0.05) by drying and grinding the sample before scanning. The ratios of the standard deviation of the calibration samples to the SEP (RPD) g/kg DM were 2.68, 2.30, 3.17, 3.05, and 4.06 for TN, IVOMD, NDF, ADF, and ADL, respectively, for Gr samples scanned ten times. Nevertheless, the SEP of samples scanned ‘as received’ would often be acceptable for routine analyses in the field and market-place under east African circumstances.

Conclusion

In conclusion, NIRS calibrations for a portable handheld Tellspec NIRS spectrometer could be developed to measure important nutritional attributes of oilseed cake samples as feeds.
Responsiveness of the electrically stimulated cochlear nerve in patients with a missense variant in ACTG1: preliminary results
Authors: Yuan Yi , Yan Denise , Skidmore Jeffrey , Chapagain Prem , Liu Xuezhong , He Shuman
Published: July 2023

Introduction

This preliminary study identified a missense variant in ACTG1 (NM_001614.5) in a family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL). The responsiveness of the electrically-stimulated cochlear nerve (CN) in two implanted participants with this missense change was also evaluated and reported.

Methods

Genetic testing was done using a custom capture panel (MiamiOtoGenes) and whole exome sequencing. The responsiveness of the electrically-stimulated CN was evaluated in two members of this family (G1 and G4) using the electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP). eCAP results from these two participants were compared with those measured three implanted patient populations: children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND), children with idiopathic hearing loss and normal-sized cochlear nerves (NSCN), and post-lingually deafened adults.

Results

Sequencing of ACTG1 identified a missense c.737A>T (p. Gln246Leu) variant in ACTG1 (NM_001614.5) which is most likely the genetic cause of ADNSHL in this family. eCAP results measured in these two participants showed substantial variations.

Discussion

The results indicated the missense c.737A>T (p. Gln246Leu) variant in ACTG1 (NM_001614.5) co-segregated with hearing loss in this family. The responsiveness of the electrically-stimulated CN can vary among patients with the same genetic variants, which suggests the importance of evaluating the functional status of the CN for individual CI patients.
Advances in flexible graphene field-effect transistors for biomolecule sensing
Authors: Hu Bo , Sun Hao , Tian Jinpeng , Mo Jin , Xie Wantao , Song Qiu Ming , Zhang Wenwei , Dong Hui
Published: July 2023

With the increasing demand for biomarker detection in wearable electronic devices, flexible biosensors have garnered significant attention. Additionally, graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) have emerged as key components for constructing biosensors, owing to their high sensitivity, multifunctionality, rapid response, and low cost. Leveraging the advantages of flexible substrates, such as biocompatibility, adaptability to complex environments, and fabrication flexibility, flexible GFET sensors exhibit promising prospects in detecting various biomarkers. This review provides a concise summary of design strategies for flexible GFET biosensors, including non-encapsulated gate without dielectric layer coverage and external gate designs. Furthermore, notable advancements in sensing applications of biomolecules, such as proteins, glucose, and ions, are highlighted. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and prospects in this field, aiming to inspire researchers to address these issues in their further investigations.
Aligning top-down and voluntary attention control across individuals
Authors: Gibson Bradley S. , Trost Jamie M. , Maxwell Scott E.
Published: July 2023

Previous research has suggested that standard manipulations of top-down information in the spatial cueing paradigm do not elicit voluntary attention control across all participants. Instead, this research showed that only about half of the individuals exhibited the expected pattern in which they reported feeling more agency when they performed visual search with the aid of an informative (arrow or onset) cue than when they performed this task with an uninformative cue or without any cue at all. The present study replicated these previous findings under conditions in which the standard manipulation of top-down information was conveyed by a number cue (as opposed to an arrow or onset cue). But more importantly, the present study also found that the proportion of individuals who aligned top-down and voluntary attention control could be increased to approximately 90% by combining the standard manipulation of top-down information with a novel manipulation of volition in a separate condition in which participants were given the opportunity to freely choose (or not) the direction of the spatial cue on each trial. Despite conceding experimental control of cued direction (but not cue validity) to participants in this latter condition, most participants (85%) nevertheless distributed their direction choices equally across the four directions. These findings suggest that providing participants active control of stimulus parameters may be required to elicit a strong sense of agency (and voluntary control) in the laboratory.
Kananaskis country’s road to coexistence: exploring expert perceptions of roadside bear viewing and management strategies
Authors: Pumphrey Annie , Meletis Zoë A.
Published: July 2023

In North America, bear viewing is becoming increasingly popular with visitors to parks and protected areas. In the face of heightened visitation pressures in parks, the phenomena of roadside bear viewing poses risks to humans and wildlife. A related challenge is the formation of “bear jams,” which is traffic congestion caused by people stopping or slowing down to view bears. Using Peter Lougheed Provincial Park (PLPP) in Kananaskis, Alberta, as a case study, we examined the gaps in our understanding of roadside bear viewing from a human dimensions approach. To gain insight into management strategies, risks, and observed human behavior associated with roadside bear viewing, semi-structured interviews (n=22) were conducted with expert participants, including park staff members, non-profit organization employees, and biologists. Responses emphasized the need for consistent messaging and better communication regarding respectful roadside bear viewing behaviors, and recommendations for specific forms and methods of communication. Results of this study indicate that a holistic and adaptive approach could mitigate roadside bear viewing risks while also balancing conservation and recreation goals. Among the key contributions of this study is its insight into roadside bear management and viewing from a social sciences and human dimensions perspective
Inflammation biomarkers are associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yifei , Guan Suzhen , Xu Haiming , Zhang Na , Huang Min , Liu Zhihong
Published: July 2023

Background

Inflammation is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and particular inflammatory parameters can be used to predict the incidence of CVD. The aim of this study was to assess the association between fibrinogen (FIB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) and the risk of cardiovascular disease using meta-analysis.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched with the appropriate strategies to identify observational studies relevant to this meta-analysis. A random-effects model was used to combine inflammation factor-associated outcomes and cardiovascular disease outcomes, except in the case of galectin-3, where a fixed-effects model was used because of less heterogeneity. Location, age, type of cardiovascular disease, and sample size factors were used to explore heterogeneity in stratification and metaregression for subgroup analysis. A case-by-case literature exclusion approach was used for sensitivity analysis. The funnel plot and Begg's test were combined to assess publication bias.

Results

Thirty-three papers out of 11,456 were screened for inclusion in the analysis. Four inflammation biomarkers were significantly associated with the development of CVD: FIB (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.15–1.27, P < 0.001; HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00–1.07, P < 0.05), IL-6 (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.10–1.22, P < 0.001), CRP (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.15–1.35, P < 0.001; HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.14–1.25, P < 0.001) and Gal-3 (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05–1.14, P < 0.001). Location factors help explain the source of heterogeneity, and there is publication bias in the Gal-3 related literature.

Conclusion

Taken together, the current research evidence suggests that high levels of fibrinogen, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and galectin-3 are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and can be used as biomarkers to predict the development of cardiovascular disease to some extent.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42023391844.
The tumor suppressor 5A2, a synthetic miR-7-5p mimic, targets oncogenic and metabolic pathways, as revealed by transcriptome-wide analysis
Authors: van den Bosch Marion T. J. , Telford Bryony J. , Yahyanejad Sanaz , de Gunst Thijs , den Boer Harm C. , Vos Rogier M. , Duurland Chantal L. , Biemans Rianne , Dubois Ludwig J. , van Pinxteren Laurens A. H. , Schaapveld Roel Q. J. , Janicot Michel
Published: July 2023

As cancer is a multifactorial disease, the multimodal action of microRNAs makes them an attractive tool for novel therapeutic approaches. The tumor suppressive miR-7-5p has been shown to act on many aspects of oncogenesis, including cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, by targeting a spectrum of key genes. We developed a synthetic chemically modified miR-7-5p mimic, 5A2, and performed a comprehensive functional characterization in a panel of human cancer cell lines. 5A2 reduced cell proliferation in most cell lines by inducing cell cycle arrest. To enable systemic delivery of 5A2 to tumors, it was formulated in a novel lipid nanoparticle (INT-5A2) and we demonstrated the anti-tumor activity of INT-5A2 in an experimental human liver tumor-bearing mouse model. Next, RNA-sequencing was used to gain more insight into the molecular mechanism of action of 5A2 and demonstrated a broad repression of target mRNAs. Interestingly, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed a new role for 5A2 in metabolic pathways. Validation experiments in vitro showed that 5A2 reduced the expression of key glycolysis and glutaminolysis enzymes, leading to a decrease in glycolysis, lactate secretion and intracellular glutamate availability. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that miR-7-5p/5A2 is a potent tumor suppressor that targets various key cellular pathways across cancer types. Therefore, 5A2 may represent a promising novel treatment strategy in oncology.
Geochemical and gas bearing characteristics of the marine-continental transitional Longtan shales in southern Sichuan, China
Authors: Chen Yana , Pei Xiangyang , Zhang Jizhen , Wang Nan , Han Denglin , Wang Juan , Xiao Xiao , Wang Jianguo
Published: July 2023

Marine-continental transitional shale, as an important shale type, gains less attention than marine and continental shale, which restricts the exploration and development process of marine-continental transitional shale gas. In this study, the Upper Permian Longtan Formation shale in the southern Sichuan Basin was taken as the research object, and the organic matter development characteristics, hydrocarbon generation ability, mineral composition, physical properties, and gas bearing characteristics of the Longtan Formation shale were systematically analyzed. In addition, the effects of organic matter abundance, maturity, and mineral components on shale gas adsorption capacity have been discussed in detail. The results show that the abundance of organic matter in the marine continental transitional shale of the Longtan Formation in southern Sichuan varies greatly, with the TOC value of the vast majority of shale being greater than 2.0%, with the carbon shale (TOC>12%) accounting for about 5%. The main type of organic matter is Type III, with part of Type II2. The maturity of organic matter is in the stage of high maturity to over maturity, which is conducive to the generation of dry gas. There is a good positive linear correlation between the reflectance of vitrinite (Ro) and the maximum thermal decomposition peak temperature (Tmax) of rock. The higher the abundance of organic matter, the greater the hydrocarbon generation potential of shale, and the carbonaceous shale shows good shale gas generation potential. The shale of the Longtan Formation is rich in clay minerals, with the highest content of the illite/smectite mixed layer. The abundance and maturity of organic matter jointlypromote the enrichment of Longtan shale gas. The enrichment of clay minerals is beneficial to shale gas adsorption, but poses a challenge to production fracturing.
Cutaneous lesions and other non-endocrine manifestations of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 syndrome
Authors: Pierotti Laura , Pardi Elena , Dinoi Elisa , Piaggi Paolo , Borsari Simona , Della Valentina Simone , Sardella Chiara , Michelucci Angela , Caligo Maria Adelaide , Bogazzi Fausto , Marcocci Claudio , Cetani Filomena
Published: July 2023

Background

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 is a rare genetic syndrome mainly caused by mutations of MEN1 gene and characterized by a combination of several endocrine and non-endocrine manifestations. The objective of this study was to describe cutaneous lesions and other non-endocrine manifestations of MEN1 in a cohort of patients with familial (F) and sporadic (S) MEN1, compare the prevalence of these manifestations between the two cohorts, and investigate the correlation with MEN1 mutation status.

Methods

We collected phenotypic and genotypic data of 185 patients with F-MEN1 and S-MEN1 followed from 1997 to 2022. The associations between F-MEN1 and S-MEN1 or MEN1 mutation-positive and mutation-negative patients and non-endocrine manifestations were determined using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests or multivariate exact logistic regression analyses.

Results

The prevalence of angiofibromas was significantly higher in F-MEN1 than in S-MEN1 in both the whole (p < 0.001) and index case (p = 0.003) cohorts. The prevalence of lipomas was also significantly higher in F-MEN1 than in S-MEN1 (p = 0.009) and in MEN1 mutation-positive than in MEN1 mutation-negative (p = 0.01) index cases. In the whole cohort, the prevalence of lipomas was significantly higher in MEN1 mutation-positive compared to MEN1 mutation-negative patients (OR = 2.7, p = 0.02) and in F-MEN1 than in S-MEN1 (p = 0.03), only after adjustment for age. No significant differences were observed for the other non-endocrine manifestations between the two cohorts. Hibernoma and collagenoma were each present in one patient (0.5%) and meningioma and neuroblastoma in 2.7% and 0.5%, respectively. Gastric leiomyoma was present in 1.1% of the patients and uterine leiomyoma in 14% of women. Thyroid cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and colorectal cancer were present in 4.9%, 2.7%, 1.6%, 1.6%, 2.2%, and 0.5% of the whole series, respectively.

Conclusions

We found a significantly higher prevalence of angiofibromas and lipomas in F-MEN1 compared with S-MEN1 and in MEN1 mutation-positive compared to MEN1 mutation-negative patients. In patients with one major endocrine manifestation of MEN1, the presence of cutaneous lesions might suggest the diagnosis of MEN1 and a possible indication for genetic screening.
Monocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vascular and tissue remodeling
Authors: Medrano-Bosch Mireia , Simón-Codina Blanca , Jiménez Wladimiro , Edelman Elazer R. , Melgar-Lesmes Pedro
Published: July 2023

Monocytes are circulating leukocytes of innate immunity derived from the bone marrow that interact with endothelial cells under physiological or pathophysiological conditions to orchestrate inflammation, angiogenesis, or tissue remodeling. Monocytes are attracted by chemokines and specific receptors to precise areas in vessels or tissues and transdifferentiate into macrophages with tissue damage or infection. Adherent monocytes and infiltrated monocyte-derived macrophages locally release a myriad of cytokines, vasoactive agents, matrix metalloproteinases, and growth factors to induce vascular and tissue remodeling or for propagation of inflammatory responses. Infiltrated macrophages cooperate with tissue-resident macrophages during all the phases of tissue injury, repair, and regeneration. Substances released by infiltrated and resident macrophages serve not only to coordinate vessel and tissue growth but cellular interactions as well by attracting more circulating monocytes (e.g. MCP-1) and stimulating nearby endothelial cells (e.g. TNF-α) to expose monocyte adhesion molecules. Prolonged tissue accumulation and activation of infiltrated monocytes may result in alterations in extracellular matrix turnover, tissue functions, and vascular leakage. In this review, we highlight the link between interactions of infiltrating monocytes and endothelial cells to regulate vascular and tissue remodeling with a special focus on how these interactions contribute to pathophysiological conditions such as cardiovascular and chronic liver diseases.
A network approach to define the predictive role of immune profile on tumor response and toxicity of anti PD-1 single agent immunotherapy in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Mezi Silvia , Pomati Giulia , Fiscon Giulia , Amirhassankhani Sasan , Zizzari Ilaria Grazia , Napoletano Chiara , Rughetti Aurelia , Rossi Ernesto , Schinzari Giovanni , Tortora Giampaolo , Lanzetta Gaetano , D’Amati Giulia , Nuti Marianna , Santini Daniele , Botticelli Andrea
Published: July 2023

Background

The immune profile of each patient could be considered as a portrait of the fitness of his/her own immune system. The predictive role of the immune profile in immune-related toxicities (irAEs) development and tumour response to treatment was investigated.

Methods

A prospective, multicenter study evaluating, through a multiplex assay, the soluble immune profile at the baseline of 53 patients with advanced cancer, treated with immunotherapy as single agent was performed. Four connectivity heat maps and networks were obtained by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficients for each group: responder patients who developed cumulative toxicity (R-T), responders who did not develop cumulative toxicity (R-NT), non-responders who developed cumulative toxicity (NR-T), non-responders who did not develop cumulative toxicity (NR-NT).

Results

A statistically significant up-regulation of IL-17A, sCTLA4, sCD80, I-CAM-1, sP-Selectin and sEselectin in NR-T was detected. A clear loss of connectivity of most of the soluble immune checkpoints and cytokines characterized the immune profile of patients with toxicity, while an inversion of the correlation for ICAM-1 and sP-selectin was observed in NR-T. Four connectivity networks were built for each group. The highest number of connections characterized the NR-T.

Conclusions

A connectivity network of immune dysregulation was defined for each subgroup of patients, regardless of tumor type. In patients with the worst prognosis (NR-T) the peculiar connectivity model could facilitate their early and timely identification, as well as the design of a personalized treatment approach to improve outcomes or prevent irAEs.
Progress in the discovery of new bioactive substances from deep-sea associated fungi during 2020-2022
Authors: Wang Zimin , Qader Mallique , Wang Yufei , Kong Fandong , Wang Qi , Wang Cong
Published: July 2023

The marine environment can harbor millions of macro- and micro-organisms. These habitats have gained more attention as it was found they produce a plethora of novel secondary metabolites. Recently, marine-derived fungi have become the hotspot in drug discovery and development. Deep-sea-associated fungi are an important group of marine fungi living in the ocean below 1000 m. The extreme living environment of high pressure and low temperature mean the deep-sea-associated fungi are difficult to collect but has resulted in the evolution of the special secondary metabolic genes in them. Although the vast majority of deep-sea fungi are undiscovered and very few natural products have been reported from them compared to the fungi derived from the near and shallow sea, they are still considered to be potential prolific sources of novel bioactive compounds that are of considerable interest for new drug leads. This review will expound on the sources of strains, chemical structures, and biological activity of 184 new natural products isolated from 46 deep-sea-associated fungi, which were reported from 2020-2022.
Brief report: can COVID-19 infection trigger rheumatoid arthritis-associated autoimmunity in individuals at risk for the disease? A nested cohort study
Authors: Lamacchia Celine , Gilbert Benoit , Studer Olivia , Lauper Kim , Finckh Axel
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To investigate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and subsequent development of autoimmunity or pre-clinical manifestations associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in at risk population.

Methods

This is a nested study within a prospective cohort of first-degree relatives of RA patients (RA-FDR). Participants are tested for RA-associated autoantibodies (anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)/rheumatoid factor (RF)) and clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of early disease. SARS-CoV-2 infections were self-reported between March 2020 and January 2023. All individuals with a pre-pandemic (sample 1) and a post-pandemic sample (sample 2) were included in the analysis. The exposure of interest was self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome was a clinically significant change in RA-associated autoantibody serum titers. Secondary outcomes included: becoming seropositive, becoming symptomatic, developing classifiable RA.

Results

Among 168 RA-FDRs, 109 reported a SARS-CoV-2 infection between sample 1 and sample 2. During this period, 2 RA-FDRs (1.2%) became anti-CCP2 seropositive, none became anti-CCP3 IgG positive, 6 (3.6%) became RF IgM seropositive, 1 became (0.6%) RF IgA seropositive, 19 (11.3%) became symptomatic and none developed classifiable RA. SARS-CoV-2 infection was not significantly associated with increases in RA autoantibody titers or with secondary outcomes.

Conclusion

We could not detect an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent development of RA-associated autoimmunity, nor signs or symptoms of RA in an at risk population. These findings do not support the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 infections triggers the immune onset of RA.
Detoxification and decolorization of complex textile effluent in an enzyme membrane reactor: batch and continuous studies
Authors: Dahiya Manju , Islam Dar Tafazul , Srivastava Preeti , Sreekrishnan T. R. , Mishra Saroj
Published: July 2023

There is an urgent need to look for bio-based technologies to address the pollution related to textile dyes in waterbodies. The aim of this study was to evaluate an engineered laccase variant, LCC1-62 of Cyathus bulleri, expressed in recombinant Pichia pastoris, for the decolorization and detoxification of real textile effluent. The partially purified laccase effectively (~60–100%) decolorized combined effluent from different dyeing units at a laccase concentration of 500 U/L at a 50-mL level. Decolorization and detoxification of the combined effluents, from a local textile mill, were evaluated at 0.3 L volumetric level in a ray-flow membrane reactor in batch and continuous modes of operation. In batch studies, maximum decolorization of 97% and detoxification of 96% occurred at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h without any additional laccase requirement. In continuous studies, the reactor was operated at an HRT of 6 h with a lower enzyme dosage (~120 U/L of the effluent). Decolorization was accompanied by a loss in laccase activity which was restored to ~120 U/L by the addition of laccase in two regimes. The addition of laccase, when the residual laccase activity decreased to 40% (~50 U/L), resulted in high decolorization (~5 ppm residual dye concentration) and low variance (σ2) of 2.77, while laccase addition, when the residual dye concentration decreased to ~8% (~10 U/L), resulted in an average dye concentration of 13 ppm with a high variance of 62.08. The first regime was implemented, and the continuous reactor was operated for over 80 h at an HRT of 3 and 6 h, with the latter resulting in ~95% decolorization and 96% reduction in the mutagenicity of the effluent. Less than 10% membrane fouling was observed over long operations of the reactor. The findings strongly suggest the feasibility of using LCC1-62 in an enzyme membrane reactor for large-scale treatment of textile effluents.
Liquid scintillation counting at the limit of detection in biogeosciences
Authors: Schubert Florian , Kallmeyer Jens
Published: July 2023

Liquid scintillation is widely used to quantify the activity of radioisotopes. We present an overview of the technique and its application to biogeosciences, particularly for turnover rate measurements. Microbial communities and their metabolism are notoriously difficult to analyze in low energy environments as biomass is exceedingly sparse and turnover rates low. Highly sensitive methods, such as liquid scintillation counting, are required to investigate low metabolic rates and conclusively differentiate them from the background noise of the respective analyzer. We conducted a series of experiments to explore the effects of luminescence, measurement time and temperature on scintillation measurements. Luminescence, the spontaneous emission of photons, disproportionally affects samples within the first few hours after sample preparation and can be minimized by following simple guidelines. Short measurement times will negatively affect liquid scintillation analysis or if background noise makes up a significant proportion of the detected events. Measurement temperature affected liquid scintillation analysis only when the temperature during the measurement reached approximately 30°C or higher, i.e. the liquid scintillation analyzer was placed in an environment without temperature control, but not in cases where chemicals were stored at elevated temperatures prior to measurement. Basic understanding on the functionality of a liquid scintillation analyzer and simple precautions prior to the measurement can significantly lower the minimum detection limit and therefore allow for determination of low turnover rates previously lost in the background noise.
Regulation of IL-24/IL-20R2 complex formation using photocaged tyrosines and UV light
Authors: Pham Phuong Ngoc , Zahradník Jiří , Kolářová Lucie , Schneider Bohdan , Fuertes Gustavo
Published: July 2023

Human interleukin 24 (IL-24) is a multifunctional cytokine that represents an important target for autoimmune diseases and cancer. Since the biological functions of IL-24 depend on interactions with membrane receptors, on-demand regulation of the affinity between IL-24 and its cognate partners offers exciting possibilities in basic research and may have applications in therapy. As a proof-of-concept, we developed a strategy based on recombinant soluble protein variants and genetic code expansion technology to photocontrol the binding between IL-24 and one of its receptors, IL-20R2. Screening of non-canonical ortho-nitrobenzyl-tyrosine (NBY) residues introduced at several positions in both partners was done by a combination of biophysical and cell signaling assays. We identified one position for installing NBY, tyrosine70 of IL-20R2, which results in clear impairment of heterocomplex assembly in the dark. Irradiation with 365-nm light leads to decaging and reconstitutes the native tyrosine of the receptor that can then associate with IL-24. Photocaged IL-20R2 may be useful for the spatiotemporal control of the JAK/STAT phosphorylation cascade.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for cerebellar ataxia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Lianjun , Wang Xiaoyu , Chen Lianghua , Liu Dandan , Li Haihong , Liu Zhaoxing , Huang Yong , Chen Junqi
Published: July 2023

Background

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, can manage cerebellar ataxia (CA) by suppressing cerebral cortical excitability. Hence, this study aimed to summarize the efficacy and safety of rTMS for CA patients by meta-analysis.

Methods

The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for eligible studies published till 20 May 2023. Weighted mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the effect of rTMS treatment. Additionally, the quality of the included studies and the risk of bias were evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.

Results

Overall, eight studies involving 278 CA patients were included in this meta-analysis. rTMS could significantly improve the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) (MD: −2.00; 95% CI: −3.97 to −0.02, p = 0.05), International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) (MD: −3.96; 95% CI: −5.51 to −2.40, p < 0.00001), Timed Up-and-Go test (TUG) (MD: −1.54; 95% CI: −2.24 to −0.84, p < 0.0001), 10-m walk test (10 MWT) (MD10−m steps: −2.44; 95% CI: −4.14 to −0.73, p = 0.005), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.15–4.03, p = 0.0004) as compared to sham stimulation. Active rTMS was not significantly different from sham rTMS in changing the duration (MD10−m time: −1.29; 95% CI: −7.98 to 5.41, p = 0.71). No severe adverse events were observed in both sham stimulation and active rTMS groups.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis provides limited evidence that rTMS may be beneficial in treating CA patients. However, these findings should be treated with caution due to the limitations of the smaller sample size and the inconsistent approach and target of rTMS treatment. Therefore, more large-scale RCTs are required to further validate our analytical findings.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=295726, identifier: CRD42022295726.
The German version of the brief affective neuroscience personality scales including a LUST scale (BANPS–GL)
Authors: Fuchshuber Jürgen , Prandstätter Theresa , Andres Deborah , Roithmeier Lisa , Schmautz Beate , Freund Anton , Schwerdtfeger Andreas , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich
Published: July 2023

Objectives

This study presents the German version of the Brief Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (BANPS), which includes an additional subscale for the dimension LUST. The BANPS represents a shortened version of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS), a self–report instrument to assess individual dispositions toward primary emotional systems as proposed by Jaak Panksepp.

Methods

In a large sample (N= 926), the reliability and various facets of validity of the German translation of the BANPS were examined together with the newly included LUST scale. The BANPS–GL was related to the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale (SSSS) and analyzed via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results

Overall, the BANPS–GL exhibited reliabilities ranging from McDonald’s ω = 0.70 (CARE) to α = 0.86 (SADNESS) and plausible correlations with external criteria. For CFA a correlated 7–factor model demonstrated good fit [TLI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.04 (90% CI: 0.04, 0.05); SRMR = 0.06]. A similar fit was demonstrated for a 2–higher–factor model [TLI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.05 (90% CI: 0.05, 0.06); SRMR = 0.07].

Conclusion

In broad agreement with the results of the original English version, the BANPS–GL showed good reliability and acceptable factorial validity, and overall improved the psychometric properties of the original long form. Finally, the inclusion of the dimension LUST allows for a complete coverage of the primary emotion dispositions as originally conceptualized by Panksepp.