bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Prospective Primary School Teachers’ Knowledge Regarding Chemical Representations on Crystallization Experiment
Authors: Uyulgan Melis Arzu , Güven Nalan Akkuzu
Published: March 2022

The study aims to determine the subject matter knowledge of Prospective Primary School Teachers (PPSTs) and analyze their chemical representation levels on crystallization. The study was carried out with descriptive research with a qualitative approach based on this purpose. The study participants were eighty freshman students studying at the Department of Primary Education in a state university in the Aegean Region of Turkey. The data were collected using a worksheet containing seven open-ended questions regarding the crystallization experiment. The questions were about the solubility of salt in water, the formation of the salt water and its solubility-temperature graph, the formation of the saturated salt water, and the appearance of particles formed during crystallization. A worksheet was prepared to determine the chemical representation levels of the PPSTs, and the data were subjected to document analysis. The researchers conducted a demonstration experiment and an animated video on the extraction of table salt by crystallization as an activity during the study process. The results indicated that PPSTs' responses related to crystallization were mainly at the macroscopic level. At the same time, they had great difficulty explaining at the levels of sub-microscopic and symbolic representations.Moreover, they could not explain the concept of dissolution with scientific expressions and distinguish the mixtures from each other. Additionally, most prospective teachers could not draw the correct solubility-temperature graph, so they had difficulty in symbolic representations. The study results imply that to raise the quality of science education in Turkey, PPSTs must attend a quality teaching of science, so primary school students acquire scientifically accurate knowledge of the basic science subjects and concepts such as dissolution, solubility, and crystallization.
Science Curriculum Objectives’ Intellectual Demands: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Soysal Yi̇lmaz
Published: March 2022

Science curriculums and curricular materials are essential guidelines in materializing effective science teaching. The primary goal of the current study aims to present a thematic analysis of the last three elementary and middle school science curriculums objectives released in 2013, 2017, and 2018 to determine whether they provide a base for science teachers to design intellectually demanding instructional tasks. This study conducted an in-depth document analysis to describe the curricular themes and objectives' intellectual demands beyond a mere description. Moreover, a critical document-based thematic analysis achieved a call for an in-depth interrogation of the intended science curricula. The current study reveals that the explored science curriculums mainly include physics-related and biology-related topics and chemistry-related topics. There is less place for the issues related to astrophysics and earth sciences. Although three curricular changes (2013, 2017, and 2018) were actualized to enrich the science curriculums' scope, intellectual capacity, and thematic variation, the conceptual emphasis seemed to be strictly copied over the years. The curriculums under examination appeared to let the teachers design high intellectually demanding tasks to teach science knowledge and epistemic practices, however, to a certain extent. It is concluded that the sharp decreases in the number of objectives observed in the abstraction zone may hinder teachers from generating teaching environments where students can transfer acquired knowledge and practices to external contexts. Educational recommendations are offered in the sense of curriculum development and teacher education.
Peculiarities of caesarean section with preliminary isolation of peritoneal cavity
Authors: Drandrov G. L. , Amosova V. V.
Published: March 2022

The success of any surgery largely depends on a detailed knowledge of anatomy, peculiarities of the relationships of fascias, fascial spaces, and other tissues and organs in the surgical area. Nevertheless, in obstetric practice, the fascial sheets of the lower parts of the anterior abdominal wall and bladder are usually overlooked when performing a cesarean section, while the importance of restoring the fascial formations is emphasized by many authors. Being an extension of the bony skeleton, fasciae not only form a support for muscles and organs, but also limit the spread of infection, preventing the generalization of the process. It is especially important when performing cesarean section with preliminary isolation of peritoneal cavity in women of high risk group for the development of septic-epidemic diseases.
Combating injuries on water transport
Authors: Shapovalov K. A.
Published: March 2022

Traumatism of crew on water transport is caused by a set of production, climatic and geographical and psychological factors. The highest level of traumatism is observed at the age of 20-30 years. Later the frequency of injuries decreases, reaching a minimum for the crew aged over 50. However, fishermen of this age group received injuries more often than their younger colleagues, which is connected with the extreme conditions of performing labor processes of catching and handling products on the open deck of a constantly moving vessel.
Hemodilution tactics of infusion therapy in oncogynecological operations
Authors: Nurgaliev P. N.
Published: March 2022

In the last decade, controlled hemodilution has been widely used in clinical practice. This technique has a number of positive properties: it helps to improve blood rheology, restore microcirculation, reduce total peripheral resistance, coagulation potential of blood, increase cardiac output with lower energy consumption in the myocardium [2, 4, 5-7]. During prolonged and traumatic surgical interventions, central and peripheral circulatory disorders are possible, especially in elderly and senile people and in patients with concomitant diseases of vital body systems. To stabilize hemodynamic parameters at an optimal level during surgery against the background of adequate anesthesia, the tactics of infusion therapy is essential [1, 3].
Non-ovlon treatment of patients with genital endometriosis
Authors: Shinkareva L. F. , Nagovitsyna A. I. , Tetelyutina F. K. , Kravchuk T. A.
Published: March 2022

In the last decade, hormonal drugs, including synthetic progestins, have been widely used for the treatment of genital endometriosis.
Modern ideas about the mechanisms of hyposensitization
Authors: Rakhmatullin I. M. , Fassakhov R. S.
Published: March 2022

Many years of experience in the use of hyposensitization has given her a well-deserved reputation as the most justified and effective method of treating allergic diseases. Proposed back in 1911 [25], it is still the main method of specific hyposensitizing therapy, the effectiveness of which is 60-80% in bronchial asthma of atopic forms and 45-55% in infectious and allergic diseases [1a, b, 4].
Application of hemosorption in the clinic of internal diseases
Authors: Ardamatsky N. A. , Molodenkov M. N. , Afonina O. B. , Kuznetsov V. N. , Blagosklonov A. S. , Gulyaev A. A. , Kulaev G. A. , Aloev R. S. , Kozulina G. A. , Reshetnikova O. P. , Surinova S. I.
Published: March 2022

One of the trends in the development of modern medicine is the use of detoxification methods in the treatment of patients with various pathological processes. These include hemodialysis and hemosorption. In the latter, unlike hemodialysis, large-molecular compounds are removed from the body. Hemosorption has taken a firm place in the complex treatment of exogenous intoxication, liver, kidney pathology, neuropsychiatric and skin diseases.
Abdominal pregnancy
Authors: Gafurova Z. X. , Singatullin I. K. , Solodkov S. M.
Published: March 2022

I., 35 years old, was admitted to the maternity ward of the CRH on 14/V 1980 with a diagnosis: pregnancy of 40 weeks. 2nd urgent delivery, transverse fetal position, placenta previa.
III Congress of Traumatologists-Orthopedists of the Republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan (Tashkent, 8-12/IX, 1982.)
Authors: Bogdanovich U. Y. , Altunin V. F.
Published: March 2022

Scientists and traumatologists of the RSFSR, Ukraine, Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova, Azerbaijan and other Union republics took part in the work of the III Congress of Traumatologists-orthopedists of the Republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. The congress program included the following issues: prevention of childhood injuries, diagnosis and treatment of combined limb injuries, diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic diseases in children.
Changes in the microcirculatory bed of regional lymph nodes during cancer metastasis
Authors: Tsyplakov D. E.
Published: March 2022

Lymph nodes from 70 patients during operations for cancer of the stomach, lung, breast, esophagus and intestine were examined in order to study the blood microcirculatory channel of lymph nodes regional to the tumor and the possible role of the detected changes in cancer metastasis. There were 52 men and 18 women; mean age, 54.9 years.
Pre-disease as a stage of the adjustment process
Authors: Weinstein S. G.
Published: March 2022

"Define the meaning of words, and you will free mankind from half of its worries. This aphorism by Ren Descartes comes to mind involuntarily when one gets acquainted with the theses of the XVIII All-Union Congress of Physicians "Pre-disease - Disease - Recovery" [5]. The concept of "pre-disease" is interpreted in different ways! There are "risk factors" and "hereditary conditioned enzymopathies", "preconditions" and "precursors" of disease development, "initial disturbances of functions" and simply "functional disturbances as a precursor of a disease", "incubation period" (of non-infectious diseases), "incipient (of noninfectious diseases! - S.V.) and "prodromes of a disease", "premorbid condition" and "preclinical stages", "disease pre-diseases" (diseases preceding the development of a disease! - S.V.) and, alas, much more and much more. All this, undoubtedly, is the result of the lack of a unified definition of the concept of "pre-disease", that is, its generally recognized content and distinctive features.
Evaluation of quality and effectiveness of rendering medical care to patients with gonococcal infection in medical institutions
Authors: Rumyantseva M. A. , Isaeva N. V.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To assess the intensity of epidemic process in a long-term dynamics of gonorrhea sickness rate and evaluate the quality and effectiveness of rendering medical care to patients with this infection in medical institutions of Perm.

Materials and methods. In this work, the data of official statistics of the State Budgetary Institution of Public Healthcare Perm Regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary are presented: official statistical form 12 Information on the number of diseases as well as accounting forms accepted by the Ministry of Public Health of Perm Krai. Epidemiological, descriptive-evaluative and analytical studies of the type case-control, sociological (questioning method) and statistical methods were used.

Results. A long-term dynamics of gonococcal infection morbidity among the population of Perm for 19902020 was characterized by a marked tendency to decrease, an average annual decrease rate was 7.5 %. Despite the tendency to decline, from 2018 to 2020, there was observed an activation of epidemic process of the gonococcal infection. The growth rate was 137.5 %. Based on special investigations, it was established that 55.4 % of patients addressed to private clinics, 44.6 % (p0.05) to state ones (SBIPH PK RCDVD). In general, 76.5 % of patients from state and private clinics remained uncontrolled from the side of medical services. Thus, in three thirds of the foci, an active search of the sources of the infectious agent was not carried out. While studying medical documentation of 666 foci, epidemic diagnostics was performed only in 166 (24.9 %), in 500 foci the infectious agent source was not detected and investigated. At the same time, out of 500 foci, in 340 (68.0 %) one sexual partner for each focus remained unexamined, in 125 (25.0 %) foci two-three sexual partners, and in 35 (7.0 %) foci more than three sexual partners.

Conclusions. Recent years have witnessed the activation of epidemiological process of gonococcal infection in Perm. The gonococcal infection morbidity 2.5 times exceeded the indicators in the country as a whole. Patients with gonococcal infection addressed to state and private clinics in 55.4 % and 44.6 % of cases, respectively. Three thirds of patients with gonorrhea receive medical care not in a full volume, and with bad quality. In the state institutions, such patients make 15 %, in private ones 85 %.
Body dysmorphic disorder: some diagnostic approaches
Authors: Khramtsova N. I. , Plaksin S. A. , Zayakin Yu. Yu. , Glushenkov A. S. , Fadeeva M. V. , Sotskov A. Yu. , Ponomarev D. N.
Published: March 2022

Objective. Dysmorphophobis (body dysmorphic disorder, BDD) is a mental disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with any imaginary or mild physical defect that causes significant discomfort, distress in the social sphere and other important areas of human activity.

The aim was to analyze the possibilities of foreign validated methods for detecting body dysmorphic disorder in a Russian-speaking audience.

Materials and methods. Two questionnaires have been translated into Russian, BDDQ-DV and DCQ. The survey was carried out in three samples: patients of a somatic hospital (55 women), clients of a plastic surgeon (71 women) and senior students of the Perm State Medical University (31 women).

Results. A positive answer to the question about the presence of a defect in appearance was given by the majority of the survey participants. Most of them described in detail those defects of their appearance that bother them. More than half of them think a lot about the defects. A question with a request to describe the "defect" allows the doctor to clarify the indications for its correction. If the medical correction is not indicated, the physician of the somatic profile can refer the patient for psychological correction. Answers regarding the severity of feelings about the defect, about disorders in social and professional life, about how long it takes to think about a defect and attempts to hide it, as well as whether the respondents have previously consulted about it with a doctor, and what were the results of consultation, allow us to suspect the presence of BDD and refer the respondent to a profile specialist. The analysis of internal consistency demonstrated the possibility of using these questionnaires in scientific research (Cronbach's alpha 0.820.84).

Conclusions The presented Russian-language versions of the DCQ and BDDQ-DV questionnaires can be recommended for scientific research as a screening tool for detecting body dysmorphic disorder among females of different age groups. However, their implementation in practice requires a deeper adaptation to the Russian-speaking audience.
Manifestations of epidemic process of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients and dependence of infection frequency on immunodeficiency level and HIV viral load
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Tukacheva O. V.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To assess the manifestations of the epidemic process of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected persons and the frequency of infection depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load.
Materials and methods. The epidemiological manifestations of TB incidence among HIV-infected and HIV-negative population of the Perm Region for 20142019 were studied. The frequency of TB in HIV-infected patients was determined depending on the level of immunodeficiency (96 patients) and viral load (61 patients).
Results. On average, the incidence of TB among HIV-infected persons was by 36 times higher than that of noninfected persons. Among those infected and noninfected with HIV, TB was registered significantly more often among adults, and mainly men. The incidence of TB among HIV-infected persons is higher among urban population, while HIV-negative among rural residents. The incidence of TB in HIV-infected persons increases with an increase in the immunodeficiency and viral load.
Conclusions. Persons with HIV infection are at risk for TB. The incidence of TB in HIV-infected persons increases with an increase in immunodeficiency and viral load.
Karakteristik Pangan Fungsional Nuget dan Stik dari Tepung Ikan Layang Ekor Merah (Decapterus kuroides) dan Ampas Tahu
Authors: Kaimudin Marni , Sumarsana Sumarsana , Radiena Mozes Sukur Yodida , Noto Sugeng Hadi
Published: March 2022

Potensi sumber daya ikan layang ekor merah (Decapterus kuroides) dan ampas tahu yang melimpah dan belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal merupakan aset untuk ekonomi kerakyatan dengan membuat tepung alternatif sebagai bahan substituen pangan olahan fungsional berbahan dasar tepung terigu misalnya nuget dan stik. Upaya eksternal yang bernilai guna terhadap olahan pangan fungsional, dilakukan penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik nuget dan stik berbahan dasar tepung ikan layang ekor merah dan ampas tahu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif . Perlakuan penelitian adalah perbandingan antara tepung ikan, tepung ampas tahu dan tepung terigu dengan rasio 1:1:1, 1:2:3, 1:3:2, 2:1:3 2:3:1, 3:1:2, 3:2:1. Parameter uji produk nuget meliputi sensori (aroma, rasa, tekstur), kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, timbel, coliform, E.coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus dan produk stik meliputi sensori (bau, warna, rasa, kenampakan), kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, kalsium, timbel dan kapang, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada rasio bahan 3:1:2 menghasilkan nuget dan stik dengan karakteristik terbaik. Karkteristik nuget dengan nilai sensori aroma 5,96, rasa 6,13 dan tekstur 5,96, kadar air 41,59%, abu 2,32%, protein 21,67%, lemak 14,08%, timbel <0,073 mg/kg, coliform <3 MPN/g, E.coli <3 MPN/g, Salmonella negatif/25 g, Staphylococcus aureus negatif. Karakteristik stik dengan nilai sensori bau 4,70, tekstur 4,57, rasa 4,52 dan kenampakan 4,57, serta kadar air 22,87%, abu 5,22%, protein 15,11%, lemak 17,36%, kalsium 25,7 mg/kg, timbel <0,073 mg/kg, kapang 5 koloni/g. Hasil karakteristik nuget dan stik sesuai SNI 01-6682-2000, SNI 7587:2013 dan Peraturan BPOM No.16 tahun 2016.
Evaluation of the safety of anterior capsule staining with trypan blue under air: a retrospective analysis
Authors:   Centum Bright Light Eye Clinic, 20, Centum 2-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Korea 48060, Republic of Korea, Park Young Min , Lee Ji Eun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan 49241, Republic of Korea, Jo Yeon Ji ,   Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan 49241, Republic of Korea, Byon Ik Soo ,   Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan 49241, Republic of Korea, Park Sung Who ,   Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan 49241, Republic of Korea
Published: March 2022

AIM: To evaluate the safety of using 0.03% trypan blue under air for anterior capsule staining in cataract surgery.
METHODS: The current study involved a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 86 patients with vitreous hemorrhage, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and cataract surgery. The patients were classified into two groups. The trypan blue group (n=45) comprised patients who underwent anterior capsule staining with 0.03% trypan blue under an air bubble. The control group (n=41) comprised of patients who underwent intracameral illuminator-assisted capsulorhexis. The status of endothelial cell density (ECD) in both the groups was analyzed.
RESULTS: The trypan blue group displayed significant decline in ECD at 1mo (7.91% loss, P<0.001) and 3mo (9.65% loss, P<0.001) after the surgery, whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. Moreover, the number of patients who did not display a postoperative decline in ECD was significantly higher in the control group (43.9%; 18 patients) than in the trypan blue group (17.1%; 7 patients, P=0.004).
CONCLUSION: Anterior capsule staining with trypan blue under the air bubble would not be as safe as the intracameral illuminator. The ECD loss might be attributed to the air bubble rather than to the deleterious effects of 0.03% trypan blue. Further studies are required to clarify this.
Macular Bruch’s membrane defects and other myopic lesions in high myopia
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China, Meng Li-Hui , Zhao Xin-Yu ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China, Chen You-Xin ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
Published: March 2022

AIM: To compare the ocular fundus features of highly myopic eyes with and without macular Bruch's membrane (BM) defects and investigate the associations between macular BM defects and other myopic lesions.
METHODS: This retrospective, observational case series included 262 eyes (139 patients) with high myopia (HM) refractive error ≥-6.0 diopters (D) or axial length ≥26.5 mm from March 2019 to December 2019. The patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The features of macular BM defects and other ocular fundus lesions were examined in OCT images.
RESULTS: Totally 51 eyes (19.5%) were detected with macular BM defects, which were characterized by a lack of BM, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and an almost complete loss of photoreceptors or choriocapillaris. Eyes with macular BM defects had worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) than those without (P<0.001). Dome-shaped macula (DSM, P=0.042), retinal cysts (P=0.006), choroidal neovascularization (CNV, P<0.001), choroidal defects and abnormality (P=0.003), scleral defects (P=0.015), scleral deformation (P=0.005), posterior staphyloma (P=0.011), and perforating vessels (P<0.001) occurred more frequently in eyes with macular BM defects. In multivariate analysis, the presence of macular BM defects remained the significant association with presence of DSM (P=0.013), scleral defects (P=0.015), posterior staphyloma (P=0.001), perforating vessels (P<0.001) and CNV (P=0.004).
CONCLUSION: Macular BM defects has a prevalence of approximately 20% in HM and it has tight association with other myopic fundus lesions. BM might be crucial in the pathogenesis of myopic fundus lesions due to its biomechanical function. A comprehensive understanding of BM's role is useful for further researches about myopic lesions.
“Nosotros somos de harina”: Prácticas y significados alimentarios en la Villa 21-24 de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, en contextos de COVID-19
Authors: Sammartino Gloria , Naumann Sonia
Published: March 2022

Se analizan los aspectos que inciden en el acceso y consumo de alimentos, con especial énfasis en aquellos obesogénicos, por parte de grupos domésticos, durante el aislamiento social a causa del COVID-19, en la Villa 21-24 de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, en los meses de abril y junio de 2020. En un contexto atravesado por graves índices de malnutrición por exceso y por pobreza emerge el peso que poseen los entornos en los que abundan los productos industrializados, sobre todo harinas, y ultraprocesados a través de los distintos canales de acceso. La relación entre el rol de la mujer y la gestión alimentaria intrahogar muestra que quien asume la carga del hambre son las mujeres. La disponibilidad alimentaria está asegurada sin cuestionar su calidad, pero el acceso a los alimentos depende de la gestión individual, invisibilizándose como sujetos de derechos, con especial impacto en niñas, niños y adolescentes.
Getting Scrappy in the Classroom During COVID-19
Authors: Bassett Elizabeth , Dean Heather , Korda Andrea , Leighton Mary Elizabeth , Warne Vanessa
Published: March 2022

This teaching reflection, co-authored by two librarians and three instructors, offers a case study in collaborative assignment design and argues for the value of both collaboration as an instructional model and digital exhibitions as open educational resources. It explores how the transition to remote curating, learning, and teaching prompted by COVID-19 occasioned changes in how we curated exhibitions, on the one hand, and developed learning opportunities for students, on the other hand. Focused on a digital exhibition of nineteenth-century scrapbooks and the integration of scrapbooking—as a hands-on activity and a topic of scholarly inquiry—into three courses across two disciplines (English and art history), it also provides a model of how librarians and instructors might collaborate on assignment and coursedevelopment and scaffold such collaboration into assignment and course design. The reflection includes assignments and rubrics as well as examples of students’ work. It concludes with a series of recommendations for librarians and instructors who wish to collaborate.
The role of GRP78 in oxidative stress induced by tunicamycin in trabecular meshwork cells
Authors: Chai Fang , Yan Hong , Zhao Xiquan , Li Juan , Pei Cheng
Published: March 2022

Objective: To clarify the regulatory effect of GRP-78 induced by tunicamycin on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Methods: Tunicamycin was used to induce ER stress in trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC and GTM3). Cell apoptosis and ROS content were detected by flow cytometry to reveal the effect of tunicamycin on trabecular meshwork cells. Results: Tunicamycin could significantly increase the ROS content and the apoptosis rate in HTMC and GTM3 (p<0.01). The results showed that tunicamycin could increase the Ca2+ flow in cells. Tunicamycin can also increase expression levels of GRP78,VDAC1, ATF4, PERK, eIF2a, and CHOP (p<0.01). Overexpression of GRP78 protected cells from ER stress. Co-IP test showed that GRP78 directly bound to eIF2. These results suggest that GRP78 may play a regulatory role by regulating eIF2. Conclusion: Tunicamycin induces oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork cells, and the increase in GRP78 expression can protect the cells during ER stress by regulating eIF2.
Cervical cancer cell proliferation inhibition by vanillin oxime through HIF‑1α expression inhibition, ERK1/2 and Akt protein down-regulation
Authors: Chen Hong-jing , Li Nai-ling , Gu Qiang , Zhang Guang-Min
Published: March 2022

Cervical cancer is a frequently reported cancer of reproductive tract in females and is worldwide 4th most common malignant tumor. The present study investigated the effect of vanillin oxime on proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Vanillin oxime treatment led to suppression of Caski cell proliferation but could not affect proliferation of (HCvEpC) cells at the tested (2 to 10 μM) concentrations. In vanillin oxime treated Caski cells ROS level showed an increase with enhancement in concentration from 2 to 10 μM. Vanillin oxime treatment significantly (P<0.0487) lowered the count of colonies and inhibited invasive abilities of Caski cells. Treatment with vanillin oxime caused a significant (P<0.0487) suppression in HIF‑1α expression in Caski cells. Caski cell apoptotic count reached to 8.76% and 48.65%, on incubation with 2 and 10 μM concentrations of vanillin oxime respectively. After treatment with vanillin oxime a prominent reduction in MMP-2 and -9 levels was observed in Caski cells. A prominent reduction in p-ERK1/2 and p-Akt levels was observed in Caski cells after treatment with vanillin oxime. Vanillin oxime inhibits cervical cancer proliferation, invasive abilities, induces apoptotic signalling, and elevates ROS production. Therefore, vanillin oxime may be developed as an effective therapeutic agent for treatment of cervical cancer.
Withaferin A inhibits cell proliferation of U266B1 and IM-9 human myeloma cells by inducing intrinsic apoptosis
Authors: Li Lan , Niu Ben , Zhang Weihua , Hou Limin , Zheng Yan
Published: March 2022

Withaferin A, a withanolide obtained from Withania somnifera exhibits remarkable pharmacological properties. Withaferin A has been reported to exert cytotoxic effects against human multiple myeloma cells. Nevertheless, the in-depth understanding of the withaferin A induced antiproliferative effects against human myeloma cells is still unclear. The results showed that withaferin A inhibited the viability of six different myeloma cells with a lowest IC50 of 9 μM against the U266B1 and IM-9 cell lines. Withaferin A inhibited the viability and colony formation of the U266B1 and IM-9 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. The DAPI and annexin V/PI staining assays revealed that withaferin A exerts anticancer effects against the human myeloma cells via induction of apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis in U266B1 and IM-9 cells was associated with upregulation of Bax and cytochrome c, downregulation of Bcl-2 and activation of PARP, caspase-3 and capase-9 cleavage. Additionally, withaferin A triggered the production of ROS in human myeloma cells indicative of ROS mediated apoptosis in human myeloma cells. The treatment of the U266B1 and IM-9 with ascorbic acid (antioxidant) could prevent the withaferin A mediated ROS production and the withaferin A induced antiproliferative effects. Collectively, the results show that withaferin A inhibits human myeloma cell proliferation via ROS mediated intrinsic apoptosis.
The influence of cdG on 8-oxodG excision by OGG1 and FPG glycosylases
Authors: Szewczuk Michał , Karwowski Bolesław
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Human genome is exposed to the variety of damaging factors, such as ionizing radiation. 5’,8-cyclo-2’-deoxypurines (cdPus) are well described unfavorable outcomes of DNA damage, especially devastating as a part of clustered DNA lesions (CDL). Since cdPus are not repaired by base excision repair (BER) and poorly repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER), it is important to unveil the mechanisms of cdPus action within the genome. In this study the influence of both 5’S and 5’R diastereomers of 5’,8-cyclo-2’-deoxyguanosine (cdG) on the activity of OGG1 and FPG was examined. Synthetic oligonucleotides containing cdG and two molecules of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) were designed as model of single-stranded CDL. The activity of both enzymes increased in the presence of cdG, compared to the control DNA strands, and the increase was greater in the case of 5’R diastereomer. These results are supported by previous studies concerning cdPus and confirm the impact of lesions proximity on the DNA repair efficiency. Due to the biological importance of cdPus, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of lesions recognition by repair proteins in further studies.
Functional types of hashtags (based on instagram social network)
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Latushka Hanna P.
Published: March 2022

The space of social networks is improving very quickly, adapting to the needs of society. Until recently, the hashtag on social networks has been more of a tool for organizing and searching posts by topic; but today its function is expanding and deepening; new functions appear that require detailed analysis and description. Moreover, constantly evolving, the hashtag acquires the features of a self-contained text and even goes beyond social networks. In this research, the hashtag on Instagram social network was studied from a linguistic point of view, the rules of its functioning were described using examples from English and Slavic languages; the author offers a two-level classification of functions: the functions were divided into two main blocks – searching and creative ones, within each group more specific sub-functions were singled out within. We used a continuous sampling method for selecting hashtags. As a result, we researched more than 5000 hashtags extracted from posts of users living in 13 countries and writing in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, English and other languages. For more detailed analysis of the research object, we used a descriptive method using the techniques of generalization, interpretation and classification, the method of linguistic comparison, contextual analysis, elements of semantic component analysis. It was concluded that some changes occurred in the priorities of the hashtag functions from primary searching function, which helps text space organization, to the creative one, which influences the author’s personality disclosure and audience-author interaction and is associated with an increasing attention to the personal brand and the personality of the author.
Characteristic of the digital news story genre
Authors:   Cherepovets State University, Moiseenko Anna V.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the genre of news stories clustering around the theme of coronavirus infection in the English electronic newspaper The Daily Mail. The purpose of the paper is to systematize the main characteristics of various news stories within the selected topic. The key genre-forming features of electronic news stories are the explicit nature of authorship, a wide range of readers, synchronous and asynchronous comments. There is a description of three news stories with various structures – an inverted pyramid, an hourglass and a multimedia story. It has been determined that such kinds of news stories combine different types of information (factual, probabilistic, normative, program and evaluative); a significant event is described by alternating a verbal text and visual material, which is represented by illustrations, video segments and infographics. Interactivity is presented at two levels – on the one hand, in the interaction between a reader and a news story, on the other hand, between several news stories, divided by time, but written within the same topic. Key thematic lexis captures the theme of the text, and synonymic sets with literary and informal lexical units diversify the narrative and reduce the distance between the electronic newspaper and its audience.
Video article as a speech genre
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Pervukhina Svetlana V.
Published: March 2022

Modern communication is greatly influenced by digital technologies which make available a new type of communication – hybrid oral-written communication, that is texts which contain both verbal and non-verbal components. This research is focused on a video article as a speech genre of academic communication, which appeared relatively recently on digital scientometric platforms. The article describes constitutive features of a video article, its discourse features, and its functional requirements. The video article refers to the oral-written iconic type of text which uses different channels of information transmission, such as oral and written, verbal and non-verbal. This genre can function not only in academic, but also in professional communication, in a number of discourses where the exchange of information about technological processes, professional tools and technologies is important. The variability of information channels in the video article allows detailing the description of the reference communication situation. The article also contains a comparison of the video article genre with other multimodal genres (cinematic text and explanation video). The pragmatics of an academic video article is to convey information to specialists with background knowledge in this area. The iconic code is necessary for more detailed information that is possible when switching to the first signaling system. The video article iconic code is presented in two ways. The first method is a figure with a schematic drawing or a photograph, and the second one is a video clip of the operation using advanced technologies or new tools. A video fragment is always accompanied by a verbal description of what is filmed. The video image has significant explanatory power, allowing the reader to pay attention to various nuances of the situation presented in the video article.
Evaluation of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients visiting Zanjan dental school about oral and dental hygiene in 2021
Authors: Mahdavi Erfan , Mirkeshavarz Masoumeh , Mansori Kamyar
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Oral health is one of the most important components of health and has a great impact on the quality of life. One of the strategies to promote oral health is to increase knowledge, attitude, and practice among people in the community. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of oral health in patients referred to Zanjan Dental School.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 196 patients referred to Zanjan Dental School and their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding oral health were assessed using a valid and reliable questionnaire. After the necessary time to answer the questions, the questionnaires were collected and the obtained data were entered into the statistical software SPSS version 22. T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were used to determine the effect of gender, level of education, and age on patients’ knowledge, attitude and practice, respectively. Sig- nificance level was also considered 0.05.

Results: The mean age of patients was 32.52±12.81 years and 97 patients (49.5%) were male. The mean and standard deviation of the knowledge score was 3.27±1.31 (moderate). This rate was 19.23±2.63 for attitude (good) and 3.25±1.38 (moderate) for performance. Patients’ knowledge and practice were significantly higher in females (P=0.020 and P=0.009, respectively). Also, patients with university education provided higher knowledge, attitudes, and practice (P<0.001). Patients’ age also had a significant but inverse relationship with knowledge, attitude, and practice (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The knowledge and practice of patients referred to Zanjan Dental School was moderate; although their attitude was at a good level. In order to increase patients’ knowledge and practice, there is a need to provide solutions such as educational programs to different parts of society.
Maxillary odontogenic myxoma: A case report
Authors: Barzegar Mohsen , Ajami Hamidreza , Pouyafard Adele , Kabir Gooya
Published: March 2022

Odontogenic myxoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor that appears to be associated with odon- togenic ectomesenchyme of the growing teeth. This tumor, which often occurs in the second and third decades of life, is extremely rare and often asymptomatic in children. However, no theoretical consensus exists in the literature over the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic and therapeutic methods of a rare case of odontogenic myxoma in a 13-year-old child.
Ricinus Communis Seed oils as a Source of Biodiesel; A Renewable Form of Future Energy
Authors: GEBREHİWOT Hadush , ZELELEW Demis
Published: March 2022

Diminishing supply and environmental pollution of fossil fuels are the vital factors leading to the search of alternative sources of energy like biodiesel. Biodiesel is one of the eco-friendly substitutes of energy which is mainly utilized in diesel engines. Ricinus communis (castor plant), which belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae yields an oil rich beans and plays important role in the production of biodiesel. Recently, the demand of castor oil and its products has been raised in the world market due to its versatility to use and simplicity to produce. Therefore, this study investigates the extraction of castor oil and its conversion in to biodiesel via alkali catalyzed transesterification. The seed oil of the plant was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus and the quality of the biodiesel was examined using the standard procedures of American standards for testing methods. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the extracted oil was examined using GC-MS. The seed oil was liquid at room temperature (25 °C), golden yellow in color with a nutty odor. The extraction processes yielded 324 g (9.25% w/w) and 78% of oil and biodiesel respectively. The density (0.86 g/mL), viscosity (5.42 mm2s-1), flash point (87 °C), acid value (0.35 mg KOH/g), water content (0.80%), iodine value (108.60), and cetane number (58.00) were reported in this study and showed a good agreement with the standards of biodiesel. GC-MS analysis of the seed oil also showed the presence of 10 different fatty acids (9-Octadecenoic acid, 12-hydroxy-, methyl ester, [R-(Z)] took the highest composition) which plays significant role for the production of methyl esters. So, the study can assure that castor oil can be used for commercial production of biodiesel at cost effective scales.
Avaliação da resistência de aderência de revestimentos argamassados projetados manualmente e mecanicamente – estudo de caso
Authors: Motta Larissa Maffioleti , Antunes Elaine Guglielmi Pavei , Scussel Heloisa Zanelatto
Published: March 2022

A aplicação da argamassa de revestimento nas obras de construção civil pode ser de forma mecânica ou manual. Para Paravisi (2008) a aplicação manual pode ser considerada o sistema tradicional de produção no Brasil, mas apesar da grande utilização no país, sua produção ainda apresenta baixos índices de produtividade, elevados percentuais de perda, alta variabilidade e problemas de qualidade. Já a aplicação mecânica é realizada através de equipamentos de projeção contra a superfície a ser revestida, padronizando a energia de lançamento da argamassa, resultando em um produto mais homogêneo e minimizando a variabilidade dos resultados de aderência pela diminuição da interferência do operador na aplicação, conforme Antunes e John (2007). A referida pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de caso que tem como objetivo avaliar a resistência de aderência de revestimentos argamassados projetados manualmente e mecanicamente, em distintos substratos.
Influência do uso de coque metalúrgico como agregado de concreto no ensaio de abatimento de tronco de cone
Authors: Gurkewicz Rafael De Paula , Antunes Elaine Guglielmi Pavei
Published: March 2022

O coque metalúrgico é produzido através do processo de coqueificação, que consiste no carvão metalúrgico ser submetido a um tratamento térmico na ausência de oxigênio para produzir líquidos, gases e um resíduo sólido poroso rico em carbono (o coque), cuja temperatura, ao final do processo, fica entre 900 e 1 000 ºC (AJIACO CASTRO, 2011). O coque metalúrgico possui boa condutividade térmica e elétrica, podendo ser aplicado como agregado de concreto para aumentar tais características em concretos condutivos, por exemplo. Ao utilizar coque metalúrgico, de acordo com Almaguer, Saquetti e Coelho (2021), é possível reduzir a resistividade elétrica da base engastada dos postes entre cinco e nove vezes em comparação à dos postes convencionais. No entanto, sabe-se que o coque metalúrgico é um material poroso, característica esta que influencia nas propriedades do concreto no estado fresco, com destaque à trabalhabilidade. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho visa analisar a influência do uso parcial de coque metalúrgico como agregado miúdo no ensaio de abatimento de tronco de cone.
Pescadores artesanais da foz do Rio Amazonas, Amazônia, Brasil
Authors: Canafístula Francisco Pereira , Cintra Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto , Silva Kátia Cristina De Araújo , Aragão José Augusto Negreiros , Monteiro Elideth Pacheco , Santos Marcos Antônio Souza dos
Published: March 2022

O trabalho descreve a socioeconomia e a percepção ambiental dos pescadores amapaense na foz do rio Amazonas. A área em que foi desenvolvido o estudo abrange a Mesorregião Norte, onde situa-se a Microrregião do Amapá, na qual localiza-se o município de Amapá e na Mesorregião Sul, onde situa-se a Microrregião de Macapá que compreendem os municípios de Macapá, Santana, Mazagão, Cutias do Araguari, Itaubal do Piririm e Ferreira Gomes. Os dados foram coletados junto a pescadores artesanais no período de agosto de 2016 a novembro de 2017. A maioria dos pescadores é amapaense (87,9%), 12,1% paraense/maranhense; as pescarias são praticadas por homens (77%) que vivem maritalmente (60%); a idade média é de 46 anos e possuem em média 4,61 filhos/família; o nível de escolaridade é baixo e observou-se que o interesse dos pescadores em aprenderem a assinar o nome ocorre devido a exigência dos órgãos para liberação de benefícios. A maioria dos pescadores utilizam a rede de emalhar como principal e mais importante arte de pesca na área da foz do Rio Amazonas (91,37%), seguida pela distribuição percentual em ordem decrescente de importância, pelo espinhel, linha de mão, tarrafa, zagaia e arpão. Os auxílios diversos complementares à renda familiar são majoritariamente provenientes do seguro defeso (91,9%) e também de bolsas do governo (30,6%). Nas pescarias são utilizados casquinhos (14%), canoas (25%), rabetas (32%) e geleiras (29%). O estudo ratifica a necessidade de medidas para a melhoria da qualidade de vida do pescador e a sustentabilidade da atividade pesqueira na região.
O desenvolvimento dos municípios da microrregião de São João del-Rei/MG: uma análise para o período 2005/2015
Authors: Anastácio Sinara Da Silva , Vieira Norberto Martins , Amaral Thiago Periard do
Published: March 2022

O presente trabalho analisou o desenvolvimento municipal da microrregião de São João del-Rei - MG, considerando os anos compreendidos entre 2005 e 2015. Para isso, por meio do IFDM, foi estudada a evolução dos indicadores municipais de emprego, renda, saúde e educação e buscou-se identificar se a melhora ocorrida em determinado município se deu pela adoção de políticas públicas ou pela ascensão da microrregião como um todo. Foi constatada, em relação ao desenvolvimento dos municípios, uma tendência de perpetuação da pobreza naqueles com menor renda e da riqueza nas regiões mais prósperas. O mais preocupante é que a diferença entre o PIB per capita dos municípios mais ricos e o dos municípios mais pobres se tornou maior, sugerindo, então, que há uma espécie de Causação Circular Cumulativa agindo sobre eles. Os municípios que estavam em Círculo Vicioso ou com indicadores sociais defasados, como é o caso de Prados, Santa Cruz de Minas e Tiradentes, tiveram dificuldades de mudar sua situação; enquanto os que se mostraram prósperos, com indicadores sociais e econômicos acima da média microrregional, tenderam a se manter em boa posição (Dores de Campos e Nazareno). O entendimento da dinâmica socioeconômica nesses municípios pode ser útil para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas mais eficientes, de forma que estas tragam o máximo de benefícios possíveis para essa localidade.