bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simile of Olfactory Mode of Perception in Modern Fiction and Perfume Internet Discourse
Authors: Ivanyan Elena Pavlovna , Ivanova Polina Sergeevna
Published: June 2021

The study aims to determine specificity of correlation between linguistic representations of odours in similes of modern fiction and the perfume Internet discourse. Scientific novelty of the study lies in contrasting representation of odours of the literary and everyday worlds. As a result, the researchers have described typical models of names transfer in olfactory similes, characterised the phenomena associated with odour, identified types of synaesthesia of the olfactory mode of perception with other modes, contrasted types of linguistic diffuseness in the similes belonging to the literary and perfume discourses, determined total predominance of the attribute “light” in the perfume discourse.
YANGINLAR, KİLİSELER VE HAVRALAR: OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDE SARAYBOSNA’DA GAYRİMÜSLİM MABETLERİNİN MEŞRULAŞMA SÜRECİ
Authors: KOYUNCU Aşkın
Published: June 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nde 1856 Islahat Fermanı’na kadar Gayrimüslimlere yönelik şer‘î kısıtlamaların başında yeni kilise ve havra inşa etme yasağı geliyordu. Fetih döneminde Gayrimüslimlere bırakılan mabetlerin kadı ilâmı, şeyhülislam fetvası ve sultanın fermanıyla aslına uygun olarak tamirine izin veriliyordu. Sonradan yapılmış mabetlerin yıkılması zorunluydu. Bu kurallar yeni kurulan şehirler için de geçerliydi. Osmanlılar tarafından kurulan bir şehir olmasına rağmen Saraybosna’da 16. yüzyılda birer Ortodoks ve Latin kilisesi ile bir havra inşa edilmiştir. Bunların nasıl yapıldığı, neden yıkılmadığı ve nasıl meşrulaştığı meselesi çalışmamızın esasını oluşturmaktadır. Osmanlı şehirlerinde siyaseten izin verilen, hoşgörülen ve şeriata aykırı olarak inşa edilen mabetlerin tamir sürecinde şikâyet olmadığı takdirde kadimliğine hükmedilerek meşrulaştırılması mümkündü. Osmanlı döneminde Saraybosna’da yirmiden fazla büyük yangın yaşanmış ve bazılarında kilise ve havralar da yanmıştır. Makalemizde tamir ve inşa sürecinde uygulanan şer‘î prosedürü ve yangınların Saraybosna’daki mabetlerin meşrulaştırılmasında veya genişletilmesinde nasıl bir vasıta olarak kullanıldığını ele alacağız. Ayrıca, belge ve sicillerde kullanılan standart ifadelerin geçerliliğini inceleyeceğiz.
matemática presente nas conversões de números nas barras da Aritmética de Localização
Authors: Almeida Jeniffer Pires de , Pereira Ana Carolina Costa
Published: June 2021

Recentemente, tornou-se notável o crescimento de pesquisas, na área da Educação, que buscam meios para auxiliar o professor em formação inicial e continuada, facilitando o processo de ensino dentro de sala de aula. Em relação ao ensino de matemática, alguns estudos relatam a respeito da construção de uma interface entre história e o ensino de matemática, que permite uma forma de buscar na História a compreensão dos conceitos e teorias. Uma das formas de construir-se essa interface é através dos instrumentos matemáticos, que por sua vez têm se mostrado grandes potencializadores didáticos. Com base nisso, essa pesquisa busca expor um estudo sobre o instrumento Aritmética Linear, precisamente no processo de conversão de seus números, contido no método de Aritmética de Localização de John Napier. Tal instrumento está compreendido no tratado Rabdologiae publicado em 1617, contudo esse estudo foi desenvolvido com base em uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho documental a partir da tradução de William Frank Richardson, de 1990, publicada por Rice, González-Velasco e Corrigan em 2017. A partir dessa pesquisa, percebemos que para começar a se apropriar do instrumento, precisamos entender os métodos de conversões dos números manipulados no mesmo. Portanto, reconhecemos alguns conhecimentos matemáticos, como o cálculo das operações, progressões geométricas e o uso de números binários, que podem contribuir para a interface entre história e ensino da Matemática
Palavras-chave: História da Matemática. Ensino de Matemática. Rabdologiae. John Napier. Aritmética de Localização.
Caracterização de modelos de formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores
Authors: Rodrigues Adriele Gabrine Rossini , Ciríaco Klinger Teodoro
Published: June 2021

No presente artigo, partimos da necessidade de compreender processos de formação de professores com destaques à Educação Matemática. Tomamos como objeto de estudo e análise a dinâmica de programas de formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores, a saber: 1) Programa de Formação de Professores Alfabetizadores (PROFA); e 2) Programa de Formação Continuada de Professores dos Anos/Séries Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (Pró-Letramento). Tais ações foram realizadas em todo território nacional, nas últimas duas décadas, por meio de acordos firmados entre Governo Federal, Estados e Municípios na tentativa de aprimorar o trabalho do professor e contribuir com o seu desenvolvimento profissional tanto no campo da língua materna quanto no da linguagem matemática. Intencionamos compreender o lugar da Educação Matemática no contexto destas propostas ao processo formativo do docente dos primeiros anos de escolarização. Face aos objetivos expostos, em termos metodológicos, apresentamos encaminhamentos e resultados de uma análise documental prévia na perspectiva da pesquisa qualitativa em que buscamos por informações que apontam indícios e subsídios teórico-práticos de como tais programas transcorreram com professores dos anos iniciais no que diz respeito ao ensino de Matemática e sua inter-relação com outros campos do saber, haja vista que, na leitura interpretativa que fazemos, o processo de alfabetização ocorre nas distintas disciplinas escolares que estruturam o conhecimento acumulado ao longo da história pela humanidade, dentre estes o conhecimento matemático. Estimamos, com a conclusão, levantar indicadores de como, nas décadas passadas, a implementação de propostas de natureza teórico-metodológica que envolveram a tríade reflexão-ação-reflexão demarcam a efetivação de políticas de formação continuada do professor que ensina Matemática voltadas ao exercício de sua atividade.
Palavras-chave: Formação Continuada; Educação Matemática; Anos Iniciais; PROFA; Pró-Letramento.
estudo da primeira e segunda parte do tratado da circunferência de Al-Kāshī
Authors: Andrade Kaline França Correia
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho é um estudo sobre a primeira e a segunda parte do Tratado da Circunferência (al-Risāla al-Muhītīyya) (1424). Este tratado foi escrito originalmente em árabe pelo astrônomo e matemático islâmico Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd ibn Mas'ūd ibn Mahmood al-Tabīb al-Kāshī (1380-1429), ou simplesmente al-Kāshī. O objetivo desse tratado era obter uma melhor aproximação da relação entre o comprimento da circunferência e o seu diâmetro; sua motivação veio da necessidade de maior precisão nas tabelas astronômicas devido aos avanços dos estudos astronômicos. Especificamente neste trabalho, apresentamos um estudo de parte do Tratado da Cicunferência que compreende um trecho da primeira parte e a segunda parte. O título da primeira parte do tratado é “Sobre a determinação da corda de um arco, que é a soma de um arco de uma corda desconhecida e do arco que é a metade de seu suplementar” e o título da segunda parte é “sobre a determinação do perímetro de um polígono qualquer, inscrito no círculo e do perímetro do semelhante circunscrito ao círculo”. Assim, para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, tomamos por base Azarian (2010) e a tradução do russo para o português de al-Kāshī (1954) que está ainda em andamendo. Além de apresentar o Tratado da Circunferência, faremos o passo a passo percorrido por al-Kāshī para a contrução de seu método recursivo para o cálculo do perímetro do polígono regular inscrito de  lados e seu semelhante circunscrito, para finalmente obter a aproximação do comprimento da circunferência.  Uma conclusão imediata é que relação entre essas duas partes se tornou fundamental para o desenvolvimento do tratado e, diante dos conhecimentos matemáticos mobilizados por al-Kāshī para atingir seus objetivos, concluímos que o Tratado da Circunferência é um documento histórico com potencialidades para elaboração de articulações entre história em ensino.
Palavras-chave: História da Matemática Medieval Islâmica; al-Kāshī; Tratado da Circunferência (al-Risāla al-Muhītīyya).
Possibilidades de desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico a partir de tarefas nos anos
Authors: Silva Jocelei Miranda da , Ciríaco Klinger Teodoro
Published: June 2021

Descrevemos parte integrante de uma investigação de mestrado, vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Matemática da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – PPGEdumat/UFMS, cujo o objetivo do presente texto reside em caracterizar o termo "pensamento algébrico" a partir dos autores/estudiosos da área, bem como levantar indicadores de problematização de tarefas matemáticas, a partir de uma apreciação crítica de materiais produzidos por grupos de pesquisas brasileiros e internacionais, das possibilidades com crianças do Ensino Fundamental I. Diante da propositura do artigo, acreditamos que tal análise contribuirá para a atuação de professores dos anos iniciais, uma vez que a unidade temática "Álgebra" constitui-se desafio à formação inicial e contínua, particularmente no solo brasileiro. A abordagem metodológica localiza-se na descrição e análise da natureza das tarefas, as quais sinalizam para a abordagem de regularidades, padrões e generalização. No contexto do que aqui apresentamos, buscamos nos aproximar destes estudos com intuito de aprimorar a compreensão dos caminhos existentes, bem como a sinalização que as mesmas comunicam para a necessidade de constituição de espaços formativos centrados na escola, que possibilitem o desenvolvimento da prática docente, especialmente em relação às propriedades relativas ao desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico com as crianças no início da escolarização. A partir da análise dos materiais referenciados, a expectativa é que os resultados das propostas possam contribuir para uma melhor compreensão dos atributos e aspectos definidores de objetos de ensino do campo algébrico e também que a prática colaborativa recorrida nos ambientes articuladores destas, possam demarcar espaços de aprendizagens docentes em relação à ampliação do repertório didático-pedagógico e conceitual
Palavras-chave: Pensamento algébrico; Anos Iniciais; Tarefas matemáticas.
Explorador Básico de Igualdade da plataforma digital PhET
Authors: Almeida Matheus Souza de , Oliveira Maria Eduarda Nunes de , Espíndola Elisângela Bastos de Melo
Published: June 2021

Apresentamos um recorte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no seio do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC)[1] e do grupo de pesquisa Laboratório Científico de Aprendizagem, Pesquisa e Ensino (LACAPE), vinculado ao Departamento de Educação da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). Em particular, temos por objetivo, neste artigo, analisar as possibilidades de uso do recurso “Explorador de Igualdade: Básico”, disponível na plataforma digital Physics Education Technology – PhET Interactive Simulations, da Universidade do Colorado Boulder, à luz das habilidades da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e do Currículo de Pernambuco, quanto ao ensino das propriedades de igualdade e princípios de equivalência. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa e do tipo documental. A coleta de dados ocorreu a partir de informações gerais disponíveis na PhET, tais como: descrições do recurso, manual de instrução, planos de atividades, planos de aula, dentre outros. Além do manuseio do “Explorador de Igualdade: Básico”, pelo qual buscamos interpretar e elaborar possíveis simulações interativas, à luz das habilidades dos documentos curriculares. Dentre os resultados, destacamos quatro habilidades (dos anos iniciais e/ou finais do Ensino Fundamental) que podem ser desenvolvidas a partir do uso do “Explorador de Igualdade: Básico”, a saber: (EF03MA11) / (EF03MA11PE); (EF04MA14) / (EF04MA14PE); (EF05MA10) / (EF05MA10PE); e (EF06MA14) / (EF06MA14PE). Acreditamos, portanto, que o recurso em tela pode incitar o desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico dos alunos, a depender dos modos de exploração, em sala de aula ou em outros cenários didáticos.
Palavras-chave: Propriedades de igualdade; Princípios de equivalência; Ensino Fundamental; Pensamento algébrico; Tecnologias digitais.
 
[1] Projeto de pesquisa financiado pela Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE) e pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).
Iniciação Matemática na Educação Infantil
Authors: Santiago Larissa Maria Alves , Sousa Francisco Edison Eugenio de
Published: June 2021

O ensino de Matemática é, muitas vezes, deixado de lado ou colocado em segundo plano na Educação Infantil, fazendo-se necessário que se volte o olhar para essa fase tão importante para a construção da base para o estudo dos conteúdos matemáticos. Diante desse contexto, traz-se, aqui, uma discussão acerca desse tema, argumentando-se sobre o uso da pergunta como estratégia de mediação nas experiências de iniciação matemática nessa fase escolar. Parte-se do pressuposto que, se a exposição de conteúdos não deve ser utilizada como a única estratégia de ensino, em qualquer etapa de escolarização, com crianças essa ação didática é muito menos apropriada, considerando suas características e seu estágio de desenvolvimento. Defende-se, portanto, o uso da pergunta como estratégia de mediação nas experiências de iniciação matemática da Educação Infantil. Nesse sentido, o estudo fundamentou-se na seguinte indagação: de que forma a pergunta pode contribuir com o trabalho de mediação do professor na Educação Infantil em relação às experiências de iniciação matemática? A pesquisa teve, pois, como objetivo: discutir sobre as contibuições da pergunta como estratégia de mediação nas experiências de iniciação matemática da Educação Infantil. A investigação foi de natureza qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfica e concluiu-se que a pergunta é uma importante estratégia no trabalho do professor, na interação verbal proporcionada pela convivência com as crianças; que o uso da pergunta como estratégia de mediação pode contribuir com a participação ativa dos alunos no processo de iniciação matemática, além de proporcionar a interação entre docente e discentes; a pergunta pode ajudar o professor nas várias atividades realizadas na sala de aula, nos diferentes campos de experiência, mas é preciso que o docente conheça e direcione seus questionamentos para as várias noções matemáticas, contemplando as ideias de número, espaço e medida, conceitos básicos para a numeralização das crianças e base fundamental para a aprendizagem dos conteúdos matemáticos nas etapas posteriores da educação.
Palavras-chave:  Iniciação matemática; Educação Infantil; Pergunta; Estratégia; Mediação.
Pengembangan Media Scrapbook Berbasis Picture And Picture Berorientasi Wawasan Kebangsaan
Authors: Kasdriyanto Didit Yulian , Wardana Ludfi Arya
Published: June 2021

Permasalahan pembelajaran anak usia dini umur 6-8 tahun ditemukan yaitu, hasil belajar siswa yang belum optimal dan kurangnya minat belajar siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan media scrapbook berbasis picture and picture berorientasi wawasan kebangsaan yang valid, praktis dan efektif pada anak umur 6-8 tahun di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Borg Gall. Pengembangan yang dilakukan diawali dengan studi pendahuluan, dilanjutkan dengan perencanaan, desain produk, validasi produk, uji coba produk dan produk akhir. Hasil validasi ahli materi valid tanpa revisi dan hasil validasi ahli media mencapai valid tanpa revisi. Uji coba terbatas dilakukan kepada guru dan siswa SD Namira School Probolinggo. Hasil rata-rata angket kepraktisan guru valid tanpa revisi. Hasil evaluasi belajar siswa menunjukkan 20 siswa telah tuntas belajar. Berdasarkan hasil di atas, media ini telah valid, praktis dan efektif sehingga media ini dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar serta menanamkan wawasan kebangsaan sejak usia dini
Persepsi Guru PAUD terhadap Pembelajaran Online: Fenomena Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Satriana Malpaleni , Buhari Muhammad Ramli , Makmun Makmun , Maghfirah Febry , Haryani Wiwik , Wahyuningsih Tri , Wardana Hadi , Sagita Antung Dewi Nurliana , Oktamarina Lidia , Bakar Ali Abu
Published: June 2021

Beberapa fenomena yang terjadi pada masa pandemi covid-19, diantaranya berkenaan pembelajaran online di lembaga PAUD. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengungkap persepsi guru PAUD terhadap pembelajaran online. Partisipan 19 guru dari 18 lembaga PAUD di 9 provinsi Indonesia memberikan data hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi untuk diobservasi. Penelitian dilakukan selama 8 bulan (Agustus 2020-Maret 2021) yang menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran online sebagai kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan jarak jauh menggunakan perangkat teknologi; guru tetap menyiapkan perangkat pembelajaran, media, aplikasi, jadwal, dan strategi pada proses pembelajaran online; pembelajaran online tidak efektif diterapkan pada anak usia dini karena jaringan internet yang kurang stabil, anak kurang fokus memperhatikan guru, dan anak kurang tertarik pada pembelajaran online; orang tua memiliki peran penting dalam proses pembelajaran online. Kebaruan penelitian adalah mengkaji persepsi guru PAUD terhadap pembelajaran online walaupun belum mewakili persepsi guru PAUD di Indonesia dan diperoleh kelebihan dan kekurangan dari pembelajaran online pada anak usia dini
Yeni Aşırılığın Auteur Yönetmeni Bir L’enfant Terrible Olarak Gaspar Noé
Authors: KALENDER Ahmet Buğra
Published: June 2021

Sinema tarihi boyunca üretilen pek çok film, içinde bulunan toplumsal koşullar ve yönetmenin bireysel yeteneğiyle birlikte dramaturjik süreci oluşturur. Bir film yapımında ise kuşkusuz en yaratıcı birey, yönetmendir. Kendi hikâyesini oluşturan, filmleri arasında tematik nüanslarla bağlantılar kuran, iç dünyasını özgün bir şekilde aktaran ve sinematik öğeleri farklı bir yaratım aracı olarak gören profesyoneller, auteur yönetmenlerdir. Fransa’da 90’lı yıllarla birlikte ortaya çıkan ve Yeni Dalga’nın bir başkalaşım geçirmesi olarak görülen Yeni Fransız Aşırılığı ya da Yeni Aşırılık akımı, günümüzde kendine has bir izleyici kitlesi yakalamıştır. Bu akıma dâhil edilen yönetmenler, tükenmişliği yaşayan karakterlere kameralarını çevirir ve toplumsal yozlaşma en aşırı şekilde teşhir edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sinemada Yeni Aşırılığın öncülerinden Gaspar Noé’nin pratiğe döktüğü sinema dilinin irdelenmesi ve auteur kavramıyla örtüşen karakteristiğinin betimlenmesidir. Bu kapsamda Noé’nin filmografisine bakılmış ve auteur kavramı bağlamında analiz yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Yeni Aşırılığın auteur yönetmenlerin çabaları sayesinde ortaya çıktığı ve akımı temsil eden yönetmenlerden Gaspar Noé’nin auteur yönetmen kavramı ile doğrudan bir şekilde ilişkilendirilebileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.
"Heightened Mindfulness" in Government Decision Makers: Antecedents and Consequents During Crisis Management in the Emerging Interactive Information Environment
Authors: Bangari Ravindra Singh
Published: June 2021

Mindfulness in decision makers has important implications for public leadership. A more nuanced understanding of mindfulness emerges from our grounded research into three national-level crises in the emerging interactive information environment, faced by the Indian government, wherein, the media, stakeholders and the interactive information environment combined to bring the visibility factor to fore, influencing significant aspects of individual, group, organisational and societal sensemaking, framing, cognition, and behavioural responses, amidst ongoing interactions. The research led to identification of a micro-level framework, comprising the antecedents and consequents of the occurrence of “heightened mindfulness” in decision makers in the emerging interactive information environment; leading to a better understanding of the process of influence of the ongoing interactions in the emerging information environment on decision making and crisis management. This “heightened mindfulness” in decision makers and its influence on crisis decision making, in turn, are particularly significant because of their wider organisational and societal implications. The research findings and the proposed framework of crisis decision making have important implications for governments and public leadership in their decision making effectiveness during similar crises.
Emociones, estrés y afrontamiento en niños preescolares frente a COVID-19
Authors: Monjarás Rodríguez María Teresa , Romeo Godínez Edith
Published: June 2021

Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron identificar los principales estresores de los niños de 3 a 6 años frente a COVID 19, sus estrategias de afrontamiento, la de sus padres y relación entre estas, así como conocer la relación entre las emociones de los niños y sus estrategias de afrontamiento. Para ello se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada a los padres de 34 niños, se registraron sus respuestas y se realizó un análisis cualitativo con el programa Atlas ti V 7.5.7. Se encontró que la principal preocupación de los preescolares ante el COVID 19 se relaciona con la salud de su familia y de sí mismos, así como el no poder salir a jugar, las principales estrategias que refieren son de tipo evitativo, la principal estrategia que utilizan los padres para contenerlos son jugar o hacer diferentes actividades con ellos, explicarles, distraerlos. Se observó una relación entre el afrontamiento funcional del preescolar y la estrategia de los padres jugar o hacer diferentes actividades con ellos, explicarles, hablar sobre el cuidado del COVID, dar seguridad, estar tranquilos, y hacer videollamadas con familiares, así como una asociación entre afrontamiento evitativo de los preescolares y estrategias de los padres como distraerlos, evitar noticiar y no darle importancia al tema de COVID. Con referencia a las emociones se encontró que las emociones básicas positivas frente a la enfermedad se relacionaron con afrontamiento evitativo, pero no con el afrontamiento funcional, las emociones básicas positivas frente al encierro se relacionaron tanto con el afrontamiento evitativo y funcional.
An Initial Test of the Tactic-First and Item-Order Hypotheses: Accounting for Response Discrepancies in Sexual Victimization Questionnaires
Authors: Anderson RaeAnn Elizabeth , Goodman Erica L. , Ciampaglia Alyssa M.
Published: June 2021

Reported prevalence rates of sexual violence range widely in the literature, even in the same sample when using two different questionnaires of the same construct. These discrepancies are concerning as they indicate we may be underestimating the rate of sexual violence and, therefore, resources and treatment for victims. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate two mechanisms that may contrib-ute to differences in reported prevalence rates across the literature and discrepancies within studies: the tactic-first and item-order hypotheses. Participants were 265 MTurk workers whom all complet-ed the Post-Refusal Sexual Persistence Scale (PRSPS), then were randomly assigned to one of two versions of a tactic-first Sexual Experiences Survey (T-SES). Experimental conditions varied in the item order of the T-SES, one condition received the traditional hierarchical item order (n = 130) while the other received a randomized item order (n = 135). Our results suggest strong support for the tactic-first hypothesis; victimization prevalence rates on the T-SES were double compared to the traditional SES (54.1 vs. 19.8%) in prior research. Further, in both conditions, victimization prevalence rates were statistically equivalent between the PRSPS (62.6%) and the tactic-first SESs (56.2 and 54.1%), χ2(1) < 2.5, p ≈ .1 -.7, contrary to prior research. We did not find support for the item-order hypothe-sis; there were few differences between item-order conditions. Our findings indicate that uninten-tional underreporting remains a threat to validity in sexual violence assessment, and continued re-search into the mechanisms of measurement is warranted.
The Impacts of Noise Exposure on the Middle Ear Muscle Reflex in a Veteran Population
Authors: Bramhall Naomi , Reavis Kelly M. , Feeney M. Patrick , Kampel Sean
Published: June 2021

Noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy, the loss of the synaptic connections between inner hair cells and afferent auditory nerve fibers, has been demonstrated in multiple animal models, including non-human primates. However, given that synaptopathy can only be confirmed with post-mortem temporal bone analysis, it has been difficult to determine whether noise-induced synaptopathy occurs in humans. Human studies of noise-induced synaptopathy using physiological indicators identified in animal models (auditory brainstem response [ABR] wave I amplitude, the envelope following response [EFR], and the middle ear muscle reflex [MEMR]) have yielded mixed findings. Differences in the population studied may have contributed to the differing results. For example, due to differences in the intensity level of the noise exposure, noise-induced synaptopathy may be easier to detect in a military Veteran population than in populations with recreational noise exposure. We previously demonstrated a reduction in ABR wave I amplitude and EFR magnitude for young Veterans with normal audiograms reporting high levels of noise exposure compared to non-Veteran controls. In this report, we expand on the previous analysis in the same population to determine if MEMR magnitude is similarly reduced. The results of the statistical analysis, although not conventionally statistically significant, suggest a reduction in mean MEMR magnitude for Veterans reporting high noise exposure compared with non-Veteran controls. In addition, the MEMR appears relatively insensitive to subclinical outer hair cell dysfunction and is not well correlated with ABR and EFR measurements. When combined with our previous ABR and EFR findings in the same population, these results suggest that noise-induced synaptopathy occurs in humans. In addition, the findings indicate that the MEMR may be a good candidate for non-invasive diagnosis of cochlear synaptopathy/deafferentation and that the MEMR may reflect the integrity of different neural populations than the ABR and EFR.
Geodynamic, geodetic, and seismic constraints favour deflated and dense-cored LLVPs
Authors: Richards Fred , Hoggard Mark , Ghelichkhan Siavash , Koelemeijer Paula , Lau Harriet
Published: June 2021

Two continent-sized features in the deep mantle, the large low-velocity provinces (LLVPs), influence Earth's supercontinent cycles, mantle plume generation, and its geochemical budget. Seismological advances have steadily improved LLVP imaging, but several fundamental questions remain unanswered, including: What is their vertical extent? And, are they purely thermal anomalies, or are they also compositionally distinct? Here, we investigate these questions using a wide range of observations. The relationship between measured geoid anomalies and long-wavelength dynamic surface topography places an important upper limit on LLVP vertical extent of ~900 km above the core-mantle boundary (CMB). Our mantle flow modelling suggests that anomalously dense material must exist at their base to simultaneously reproduce geoid, dynamic topography, and CMB ellipticity observations. We demonstrate that models incorporating this dense basal layer are consistent with independent measurements of semi-diurnal Earth tides and Stoneley modes. Our thermodynamic calculations indicate that a ~100 km-thick layer of early-formed, chondrite-enriched basalt is the chemical configuration most compatible with these geodynamic, geodetic and seismological constraints. By reconciling these disparate datasets for the first time, our results demonstrate that, although dominantly thermal structures, basal sections of LLVPs represent a primitive chemical reservoir that is periodically tapped by upwelling mantle plumes.
Past terrestrial hydroclimate driven by Earth System Feedbacks
Authors: Feng Ran
Published: June 2021

Geologic evidence suggests drastic reorganizations of subtropical terrestrial hydroclimate during past warm intervals, including the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (MP, 3.3 to 3.0 Ma). Despite having a similar to present-day atmospheric CO2 level (pCO2), MP featured moist subtropical conditions with high lake levels in Northern Africa, and mesic vegetation and sedimentary facies in subtropical Eurasia. Here, we demonstrate that major loss of the northern high-latitude ice sheets and continental greening, not the pCO2 forcing, are key to generating moist terrestrial conditions in subtropical Sahel and east Asia. In contrast to previous hypotheses, the moist conditions simulated in both regions are a product of enhanced tropospheric humidity and a stationary wave response to the surface warming pattern, both varying strongly in response to land cover changes. These results suggest that past terrestrial hydroclimate states were driven by Earth System Feedbacks, which may outweigh the direct effect of pCO2 forcing.
Job Satisfaction Declines Before Retirement in Germany
Authors: Henning Georg , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Stenling Andreas , Hyde Martin
Published: June 2021

Job satisfaction has been found to increase with age. However, we still have a very limited understanding of how job satisfaction changes as people approach retirement. This is important as the years before retirement present specific challenges for older workers. We employed a time-to-retirement approach to investigate (i) mean levels of change in job satisfaction in thedecade before retirement, and (ii) social inequalities and interindividual differences in change in pre-retirement job satisfaction. Data were drawn from the German Socioeconomic Panel Study (n = 2595). Latent growth curve modeling revealed that job satisfaction declined slightly as people approached retirement, with steeper declines in the very last years before retirement. However, the mean-level decline was very small. Education, age, health, region, marital status, and historical time,but not gender or caregiving mattered for level and change in job satisfaction before retirement. The findings demonstrate the importance of taking a time-to-retirement approach when examining experiences of older workers.
Are translation equivalents special? Evidence from simulations and empirical data from bilingual infants
Authors: Tsui Rachel Ka Ying , Gonzalez-Barrero Ana Maria , Schott Esther , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: June 2021

The acquisition of translation equivalents is often considered a special component of bilingual children's vocabulary development, as bilinguals have to learn words that share the same meaning across their two languages. This study examined three contrasting accounts for bilingual children's acquisition of translation equivalents relative to singlets (i.e., words that are first labels for a referent): the Avoidance Account whereby translation equivalents are harder to learn, the Preference Account whereby translation equivalents are easier to learn, and the Neutral Account whereby translation equivalents and singlets are learned similarly. To adjudicate between these accounts, Study 1 explored patterns of translation equivalent learning under a novel computational model — the Bilingual Vocabulary Model — which quantifies translation equivalent knowledge as a function of the probability of learning words in each language, and includes a bias parameter that varies the difficulty of learning translation equivalents according to each account. Study 2 tested model-derived predictions against vocabulary data from 200 French–English bilingual children aged 18–33 months. Results showed a close match between the model predictions and bilingual children's patterns of translation equivalent learning. At smaller vocabulary sizes, data matched the Preference Account, while at larger vocabulary sizes they matched the Neutral Account. Our findings show that patterns of translation equivalent learning emerge predictably from the word learning process, and potentially reveal a qualitative shift in translation equivalent learning as bilingual children develop and learn more words.
Salience by Competitive and Recurrent Interactions: Bridging Neural Spiking and Computation in Visual Attention
Authors: Cox Gregory Edward , Palmeri Thomas , Logan Gordon D. , Smith Philip , Schall Jeffrey
Published: June 2021

Decisions about where to move the eyes depend on neurons in Frontal Eye Field (FEF). Movement neurons in FEF accumulate salience evidence derived from FEF visual neurons to select the location of a saccade target among distractors. How visual neurons achieve this salience representation is unknown. We present a neuro-computational model of target selection called Salience by Competitive and Recurrent Interactions (SCRI), based on the Competitive Interaction model of attentional selection and decision making (Smith & Sewell, 2013). SCRI selects targets by synthesizing localization and identification information to yield a dynamically evolving representation of salience across the visual field. SCRI accounts for neural spiking of individual FEF visual neurons, explaining idiosyncratic differences in neural dynamics with specific parameters. Many visual neurons resolve the competition between search items through feedforward inhibition between signals representing different search items, some also require lateral inhibition, and many act as recurrent gates to modulate the incoming flow of information about stimulus identity. SCRI was tested further by using simulated spiking representations of visual salience as input to the Gated Accumulator Model of FEF movement neurons (Purcell et al., 2010; Purcell, Schall, Logan, & Palmeri, 2012). Predicted saccade response times fit those observed for search arrays of different set size and different target-distractor similarity, and accumulator trajectories replicated movement neuron discharge rates. These findings offer new insights into visual decision making through converging neuro-computational constraints and provide a novel computational account of the diversity of FEF visual neurons.
Facilitating Informed Decision Making: Determinants of University Students’ COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake
Authors: Varol Tugce , Schneider Francine , Mesters Ilse , Ruiter Robert A.C. , Kok Gerjo , ten Hoor Gill A.
Published: June 2021

Objective: Although several COVID-19 vaccines are available, the current challenge is achieving high vaccine uptake. We aimed to explore university students’ intention to get vaccinated and select the most relevant determinants/beliefs to facilitate informed decision-making around COVID-19 vaccine uptake.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey with students (N = 434) from Maastricht University was conducted in March 2021. The most relevant determinants/beliefs of students’ COVID-19 vaccine intention (i.e., determinants linked to vaccination intention, and with enough potential for change) were visualized using CIBER plots. Results: Students’ intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine is high (80 %). Concerns about safety and side effects of the vaccine and trust in government, quality control, and the pharmaceutical industry are identified as the most relevant determinants of vaccine intention. Other predictors are risk perception, attitude, perceived norm, and self-efficacy beliefs. Conclusion: Our study identified several predictors of COVID-19 vaccine intention (e.g., safety, trust, risk perception, etc.) and helped to select the most relevant determinants/beliefs to target in an intervention to maximize the COVID-19 uptake. Where concerns and trust related to the COVID-19 vaccine are the most important target for future interventions, other determinants that were already positive (i.e., risk perception, attitudes, perceived norms, and self-efficacy) could be further confirmed.
Ex-appraisal bias: Negative illusions in appraising relationship quality retrospectively
Authors: Peetz Johanna , Smyth Aidan , Capaldi Adreinne
Published: June 2021

Cognitive biases are prevalent within the context of romantic relationships. The present research investigated biases about relationships after they have ended. In a longitudinal design (N = 184), individuals reported relationship quality at two time points, as well as rated relationship quality retrospectively. Results supported an ex-appraisal bias: individuals rated their past relationship quality more negatively in retrospect than they had actually reported at the time. This bias was present across participants who stayed together and those who broke up but was three times larger for those whose relationships had ended. This bias may be a motivated cognition that helps individuals let go of their ex-partners after a breakup.
Evaluating use of web-based interventions: an example of a Dutch sexual health intervention
Authors: Metz Gido , Roosjen Hanneke , Zweers Wessel , Crutzen Rik
Published: June 2021

With the current increase in web-based interventions, the question of how to measure, and consequently improve engagement in such interventions is gaining more importance. Modern day web analytics tools make it easy to monitor use of web-based interventions. However, in this article, we propose that it would be more meaningful to first examine how the developers envisioned the use of the intervention to establish behavior change (i.e. intended use), before looking into how the intervention is ultimately used with web analytics (i.e. actual use). Such an approach responds to the regularly expressed concern that behavioral interventions are often poorly described, leading to less meaningful evaluations as it is not clear what exactly is being evaluated. Using data from a Dutch sexual health intervention (sense.info), we demonstrate the value of acyclic behavior change diagrams (ABCDs) as a method to visualize intended use of an intervention. ABCDs show at a glance how behavior change principles are applied in an intervention and target determinants of behavior. Based on this ABCD, we look into actual use of the intervention, using the web analytics tool Matomo. This real-life example demonstrates the potential of combining ABCDs and Matomo as methods to gain insight into use of web- based interventions.
Tracing the Impact of Culture in the Translation of Selected Advertisements between English and Arabic
Authors: Al-Rubaii Rafid A. , Saeed Hadeel N. Mohammed
Published: June 2021

The role of advertising across cultures can be touched upon quite differently. Therefore, translators should approach advertisements unequally in a particular culture. The translation of advertisement has gradually expanded as a result of the rise of globalization and trade intensification, and that necessitated that companies communicate with consumers of different cultures.The present study aims at investigating how sociocultural variables which play a vital role in advertisement are dealt with cross-linguistically. It first introduces a theoretical background that discusses the concept of culture and its impact on translation, as well as the major translation strategies used to deal with cultural issues. It, moreover, attempts to answer the question about how cultural variables affect the process of translation and the selection of an appropriate equivalent. To answer this question, seven ads, along with their translations, have been selected and subjected to a thorough analysis. The article comes up with some conclusions, the most important of which are: cultural domination plays a more pivotal role in translating ads than in other text types, that the translation strategies used for rendering an ad between English and Arabic range from literal translation to rewriting, with free translation to be of a higher frequency, that specific translation methods, such as transliteration, have been overused. Finally, the study has shown a growing tendency in Arabic to depart the traditional cultural aspects of writing and translating an ad and move towards those of the English-speaking culture.
Violence/Accommodation Binary in Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Tradition
Authors: Ithawi Hind Naji Hussein
Published: June 2021

The present paper examines the divergent attitudes of black characters toward racism in Charles W. Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Traditions (1901). Chesnutt wrote his novel to reflect his opinions on how African Americans should act to improve their situation. To situate the study within the historical and cultural context of Marrow, Black intellectuals’ views, namely Washington and Du Bois, about the complicated problem of ‘color’ were explored. To analyze the contrasting views and actions of Chesnutt’s black characters, the paper uses the lens of postcolonial theory. Although Marrow is not set within a colonial context, postcolonial theoretical frameworks can be used as models to re-read this novel because they deal with intersections of races, classes, cultures, and the oppressor/ oppressed relationship. The paper concludes that Chesnutt has entertained the possibility of a hybrid or third race— as referred to within postcolonial framework—that may succeed where both races (pure white and black) have failed.
PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN BAWANG MERAH DI PROVINSI SUMATRA UTARA
Authors: Taufiq M. , Rahmanta Rahmanta , Ayu Sri Fajar
Published: June 2021

Permintaan bawang merah akan terus meningkat seiring dengan kebutuhan masyarakat yang terus meningkat karena adanya pertambahan jumlah penduduk, berkembangnya industri produk olahan berbahan baku bawang merah. Kuantitas penawaran bawang merah tidak mampu memenuhi kuantitas permintaan yang dibutuhkan oleh konsumen sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kenaikan harga bawang merah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga bawang merah, jumlah penduduk, pendapatan per kapita terhadap permintaan bawang merah, menganalisis pengaruh harga bawang merah, luas panen, harga pupuk subsidi terhadap penawaran bawang merah, dan menganalisis pendapatan per kapita dan harga pupuk terhadap harga bawang merah. Metode analisis yang digunakan dengan persamaan simultan menggunakan data tahun 1989-2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial harga bawang merah, jumlah penduduk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap permintaan bawang merah. Harga pupuk subsidi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penawaran bawang merah. Sedangkan harga pupuk bersubsidi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara.
Gambaran Kontrol Diri Pada Siswa SMP Kota Lhokseumawe Dalam Mencegah Perilaku Seksual Pranikah
Authors: Astuti Widi , Muna Zurratul , Julistia Rini
Published: June 2021

Hubungan interpersonal saat ini membuat kekhawatiran tersendiri bagi masyarakat, karena remaja sering terjerumus dalam perbuatan yang dapat melanggar batas-batas nilai yang mengarah kepada perilaku seksual pranikah. Terjadi peningkatan perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja Aceh. Banyak remaja yang berpacaran di bawah usia 15 tahun atau disebut dengan early starter, sehingga rentan terjadi perilaku seksual pranikah. Remaja yang masa berpacaran terlalu muda dapat mudah melakukan perilaku seksual pranikah. Salah satu cara menghindari perilaku seksual pranikah adalah dengan kontrol diri. Kontrol diri terdiri dari tiga aspek yaitu kontrol kognitif, kontrol perilaku dan mengontrol keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kontrol diri dalam mencegah perilaku seksual pranikah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui kuisioner “kontrol Diri Terhadap Perilaku Seksual pranikah”. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 290 orang siswa yang diperoleh berdasarkan metode cluster random sampling yang sesuai dengan karakeristik dan dianggap mewakili siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Lhokseumawe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagaian besar siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Lhokseumawe memiliki kontrol diri yang rendah (62%), artinya sebagian besar siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Lhokseumawe belum mampu mengatur dirinya untuk tidak melakukan perilakunya dalam mencegah perilaku seksual pranikah.
Influence of Organizational Culture & Intellectual Capital on Business Performance in Textile Industry of Pakistan
Authors: Fahim Syed Muhammad , Inayat Syeda Misbah , Zaidi Syed Muhammad Rafay , Ahmed Daniyal , Hassan Ramish , Ali Syed Zulfiqar
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to find out the extent to which organizational culture and intellectual capital influence the textile industry’s business performance in Pakistan. The study uses causal and explanatory research design. Several 200 textile industry employees participated in this survey, selected as the study sample using the purposive sampling technique. The study detects that both organizational and intellectual capital directly impact the textile firms’ business performance. However, the impact of intellectual capital on business performance is more substantial than that of organizational culture. The mediating effect of technological innovation in the relationship between organizational culture and business performance is also supported. The study can be used by the textile industry managers to set up policies on how to improve business performance in the textile firms. The study also fills the literature gap as prior studies do not have worked on the mediating aspect of technological innovation.
Dissimilarity Clustering Algorithm for Designing the PID-like Fuzzy Controllers
Authors: Natsheh Essam
Published: June 2021

Fuzzy logic controller is one of the most prominent research fields to improve efficiency for process industries, which usually stick to the conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. The paper proposes an improved version of the three-term PID-like fuzzy logic controller by removing the necessity of having user-defined parameters in place for the algorithm to work. The resulting non-parametric three-term dissimilarity-based clustering fuzzy logic controller algorithm was shown to be very efficient and fast. The performance study was conducted by simulation on armature-controlled and field-controller DC motors, for linguistic type and Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) models. Comparison of the created algorithm with fuzzy c-means algorithm resulted in improved accuracy, increased speed and enhanced robustness, with an especially high increase for the TSK type model.
Re-examination and expanding the EUCS Model on Cloud-based ERP system
Authors: Weli Weli
Published: June 2021

The end-user computing satisfaction model (EUCS) has been widely used in previous studies, and Enterprise Resource Planning. Therefore, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System, need to be developed in accordance with cloud computing that dominate current information technology devices. This study was carried out to test the expansion of the EUCS model in a cloud-based ERP system. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to re-examine the validity and reliability of the computer application satisfaction model and its relationship with user performance in cloud-based ERP system. The overall satisfaction variable is added as a mediation between the satisfaction model and user performance. Data was collected through snowball sampling with a questionnaire distributed to the cloud-based ERP users. Additionally, data processing was conducted using the Second-order concept in structural equation modeling with the Partial Least Square approach. Since data processing using WarpPLS confirmed the validity and reliability of the model and all relationships between variables, this research contributes theoretically to the study of end-user satisfaction from information technology applications. Its final section describes the limitations and opportunities for future research.
Two new water mite species of the genus Limnesia Thor from Ethiopia (Acariformes: Limnesiidae)
Authors: Tuzovskij P.V. , Zhokhov A.E.
Published: June 2021

Limnesia ethiopiensis sp. n. (female) and L. luciferoides sp. n. (female) from Tana Lake (Ethiopia) are described.