bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Indonesian Government in the Legal Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers
Authors: Rohani Aceng Asnawi , Gunawati Anne , Agus Dede , Romdanah Siti , Suhadi Aris , Suryanti Lili , Fasyehhudin Mohammad , Candra Jaya Beni Prawira
Published: January 2025

Legal protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers continues to be pursued, especially because of the many rights violations and inhumane treatment experienced by some Indonesian Migrant Workers. So that this phenomenon requires serious attention, both at the national and international levels. The purpose of this study is to examine and find out how the legal protection of the rights of Indonesian workers in national and international law and whether the role of the Indonesian government has been implemented in protecting the rights of Indonesian workers abroad. The research method used is normative juridical, with an approach that focuses on law as a system of norms.  This system of norms includes the principles, rules, and guidelines of the applicable law, including agreements and theories put forward by experts. This research highlights the government's efforts to build and implement a legal framework to support the rights of Indonesian Migrant Workers. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed, such as improved monitoring and enforcement to ensure the policy is implemented effectively. This research provides greater insight into the dynamics of the Indonesian government's role in protecting workers' rights, with the aim of making this protection more effective and comprehensive.
Authority And Responsibility Of A Notary In Making A Financing Agreement At A Sharia Banks In The Form Of A Notary Deed
Authors: Lubis Muhamamd Syukaran Yamin
Published: January 2025

The development of the Islamic banking industry has contributed greatly to the economy in the city of Medan. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of notaries in implementing Islamic financing agreements in the form of notarial deeds in the city of Medan. To analyze the legal certainty of Islamic financing agreements in the form of notarial deeds in the city of Medan. To analyze the reconstruction of the implementation of Islamic financing agreements in the form of notarial deeds in the city of Medan. This type of research is normative juridical, namely research obtained from the results of data collection through literature studies. The data source in this study is secondary data, namely data obtained from literature searches, which come from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research results, it can be understood that the Authority of Notaries in Making Financing Contracts at Islamic Banks in the Form of Notarial Deeds is based on their authority as regulated in the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (1) of the Notary Law. In making financing contracts, notaries follow all provisions of laws and regulations regarding the making of Notarial deeds and all the pillars and requirements for making contracts, and pay attention to the contents of the deed so that they can avoid anything prohibited by Islamic law. Meanwhile, the form of responsibility of notaries for their mistakes in making financing contracts for Islamic banking is in the form of responsibility in terms of civil law, criminal law, administrative law and even responsibility in terms of Islamic law
The Control Right of Palm Oil Natural Resource and Its Impact on Society and the Environment.
Authors: Peilouw Johanis Steny Franco
Published: January 2025

Natural resources play a very important role in the survival of mankind. The fact is that the availability of natural resources is not evenly distributed in all countries in the world and this cannot be denied. Oil palm plantations are one of the productive natural resources that is very promising in the market sphere, but in their management there are still many deviations from the values of Pancasila and their implications for the environment. purposes of the research is to determine the impact of oil palm plantations on the environment. This research uses an empirical legal research method, namely a legal research method that uses empirical facts taken from human behavior, both verbal behavior obtained from interviews and real behavior carried out through direct observation. The results of the research show that the regulation of control rights over natural resources in oil palm plantations is not based on the values of justice contained in Pancasila because there are no sanctions or supervision carried out on the Company so that in its implementation the Company does not carry out its responsibility to fulfill its obligations as it should. can improve the welfare of the people who entrust their country's land to be leased and used as oil palm plantations. The implications for society and the environment if it is not managed based on the values of justice are that the welfare of the community is not met which results in increased poverty and impacts on the environment where water pollution and drought occur due to oil palm planting.
Quo Vadis of the Constitutional Court in Resolving Disputes Over Regional Election Results After Constitutional Court Decision No. 85/PUU-XX/2022
Authors: Yarni Meri , Najemi Andi , Suhermi Suhermi , Davega Prasna Adeb , Rizki Amanda Khofifah
Published: January 2025

The research aims to determine and analyze the Legal Politics of the Constitutional Court in deciding disputes over the results of regional election disputes in Indonesia. The authority of the Constitutional Court in resolving disputes over the results of Regional Election has yet to be regulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The authority of the Constitutional Court to decide disputes over the results of general election described in Article 24C paragraph (1) is different from regional election. This has been explained in the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 97/PU U-XI-2013, which states that the election and regional election regimes are different and the authority to decide disputes over election results is not the authority of the Constitutional Court but the authority of a particular judicial body. This research used normative juridical research methods, where library law was studied by examining library materials. Then, the collected materials are analyzed in a descriptive qualitative manner. The study results concluded that the Constitutional Court has the authority to permanently examine, decide, and resolve disputes over election results by the Constitutional Court Number 85 / PUU-XX / 2022 decision. There is no longer a distinction between the election regime and the election. With the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 85 / PUU-XX / 2022, the authority of the Constitutional Court becomes more precise and more substantial because of the binding legal certainty.
PROCEDURE FOR TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN THE PANCASILA INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS CONCEPT
Authors: Saragih Minggu , Mansar Adi , Hanifah Ida
Published: January 2025

In the Pancasila Industrial Relations concept, the rights and responsibilities of employers and workers in a work relationship are balanced. This balance is achieved not based on considerations of strength (overall influence), but based on feelings of justice and honor. In addition, Pancasila Industrial Relations believes that company results achieved through cooperation between workers and entrepreneurs must be enjoyed equally by taking into account the sacrifices made by each individual. When a work stoppage occurs, this method is also assisted through a component that is a marker of Pancasila standards in legal guidelines through Law Number 2 of 2004 concerning Settlement of Industrial Relations Problems. This research employed normative juridical research methods Referring to Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning Specific Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time and Termination of Employment Relations, if there is termination of employment in accordance with the reasons for Termination of Employment, then the formulation of the amount of rights that the worker has at the time of termination of employment work adjusted to the reason for termination of employment. As the government's response to the difficulties and dynamics of competency and productivity-based employment relationships, this regulation was promulgated to provide guidelines for ending employment relationships because it is very necessary in efforts to protect rights and government assistance in fulfilling the welfare of workers/employees both during work, especially after the end of work friendships
The Existence of the Death Penalty Sanction for Narcotics Criminal Acts Following the Enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code
Authors: Oktarina Surya
Published: January 2025

The enactment of Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics introduced provisions imposing the death penalty for certain offences, while Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code (KUHP) also regulates narcotics-related crimes under Articles 609, 610, and 611, with Article 610(2)(a) and (b) specifying the death penalty. This creates a conflict between the Narcotics Law, as a lex specialis, and the new Criminal Code, raising questions about the continued application of the death penalty for narcotics cases. Using a sociological and juridical-empirical approach, this research analyses the issue through the legal responsibility theory (grand theory), penal objectives theory (middle range theory), and applied theories of legal effectiveness, legal certainty, and criminal law politics. The findings reveal that the death penalty remains part of Indonesia's narcotics eradication strategy, aimed at deterrence, despite human rights concerns. Under Article 100 of the new Criminal Code, the death penalty is now an alternative sanction with a 10-year probation period, during which good behaviour may lead to commutation to life imprisonment by presidential decree. However, ambiguities exist regarding the authority to assess behaviour and the probation period’s alignment with criminal justice objectives, especially as narcotics trafficking remains a severe issue. The study concludes that the death penalty still exists but recommends harmonising the Narcotics Law and the Criminal Code to ensure legal certainty in its implementation.
THE NAHDLATUL ULAMA PARADIGM IN LEGAL FATWA ON NON-MUSLIM CITIZENSHIP
Authors: Syakur Muhammad - , Nashihin Husna
Published: January 2025

The 2019 NU (Nahdlatul Ulama) National Conference/Consultation in Banjar, West Java, decided not to categorize non-Muslims in the public context as mu'āhad, musta'man, żimmy, or harbi. The status of non-Muslims in a nation-state is as citizens (muwathin) who have equal rights and obligations as other citizens. This decision has opened up new discourse on the legal decision-making methodology in NU, which needs to be studied. The research method uses two approaches: first, usul fiqh with the theory of fatwa change (at-taghayyur fī al-fatwa); second, a scientific approach with the theory of methodology of scientific research programs by Imre Lakatos. The NU paradigm of protecting the primary sources of Islam through the mechanism of fatwa change is a key finding of the researcher. The primary sources of Islam being protected are the universal values contained in the sacred texts (the Qur'an), which are manifested in the usūl al-khamsah (five fundamental principles): hifzh ad-dīn (preserving religion), hifzh al-nafs wa al-‘irdh (preserving life and honor), hifzh al-‘aql (preserving intellect), hifzh al-nasl (preserving lineage), and hifzh al-māl (preserving property).
Communication Relations Of The Secretariat Of The Regional House Of Representatives Of North Sumatra Province In Improving Legislative And Executive Harmonization (Perspective Of Islamic Communication)
Authors: Luthfi Solihin  , Syukur Kholil  , Elfi Yanti Ritonga
Published: January 2025

This research looks at the communication relations of the Secretariat of the Regional People’s Representative Council of North Sumatra Province in improving legislative and executive harmony (Islamic communication perspective). The research results show that the communication relationship between the Secretariat of the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD) of North Sumatra Province in improving legislative and executive harmonization can be concluded as follows: First, the communication relationship between the Secretariat (DPRD) of North Sumatra Province in increasing legislative and executive harmonization, namely: Secretariat ( DPRD ) North Sumatra Province has prepared agendas,  logistics and meeting schedules between legislative and executive members, controlled information and documentation, has prepared meeting minutes and reports, has organized joint activities between the legislative and executive and has made public information. Second, the strategy used for North Sumatra Province Secretariat (DPRD) Communication Relations in Improving Legislative and Executive Harmonization, namely: The North Sumatra Province Secretariat (DPRD) has implemented a strategy to increase routine coordination and collaboration, implemented a strategy to strengthen internal communication, built a strategy of trust and relationships personal, implementing alignment of goals and shared vision to be able to work together better. Third, factors that influence obstacles to North Sumatra Province Secretariat (DPRD) Communication Relations in Improving Legislative and Executive Harmonization, namely differences in goals and interests, lack of transparency in communication, limited human resources (HR), unclear duties and responsibilities, political and social instability and differences in understanding of policy and the legislative process.
Analysis Of The Communication Policy Of The North Sumatra Provincial Government In Increasing Regional Original Revenue (Pad) In The Motor Vehicle Tax Sector
Authors: Achmad Fadly  , Syukur Kholil  , Anang Anas Azhar
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on direct observation and in-depth analysis to explore various aspects of communication policies used by the North Sumatra Provincial Government to increase Regional Original Revenue (PAD). This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. This research occurred at the North Sumatra Provincial Government Headquarters on Jalan Diponegoro No. 30, Madras Hulu, Medan Polonia District, Medan City, North Sumatra. This research lasted for a duration of three months, starting from February 2024 to April 2024. Data sources refer to sources where research data is obtained directly or indirectly. The data collection uses non-participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation studies; through triangulation techniques, researchers can confirm the correctness of the findings by comparing and verifying various data sources. The results of the study show that the communication strategy of the North Sumatra Provincial Government to increase public understanding of the importance of paying Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) is carried out through an integrative and inclusive approach. Second, the friendly and professional service at Samsat’s offices creates a positive experience that encourages taxpayer compliance. Third, the community is invited to dialogue through participatory education in schools, villages, and public forums to understand the importance of PAD’s contribution. Fourth, collaboration between agencies ensures consistent message delivery and educational law enforcement so that the public is more motivated to obey without feeling intimidated. Meanwhile, the Islamic communication approach applied by the North Sumatra Provincial Government in increasing awareness of paying Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) refers to the principles of Qaulan Sadiidan (right words), Qaulan Layyinan (gentle words), Qaulan Ma’rufan (good words), and Qaulan Balighan (adequate words). The obstacles faced by the North Sumatra Provincial Government (North et al. Government) in informing the Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) policy to the public include aspects of transparency, technology, geography, communication, tax education, coordination between agencies, law enforcement and communication disruptions due to language barriers and technological infrastructure.
The Relevance of Islamic Banks in the Indonesian Economy: Responding to the Controversy About Interest and Profit Sharing
Authors: Hidayatullah Syarif
Published: January 2025

Islamic banks have an increasingly important role in the Indonesian economy, by offering an alternative financial system based on sharia principles, especially in terms of avoidance of riba (interest) and the implementation of a profit-sharing system. However, there is controversy among the public regarding the difference between interest and profit sharing that is often misinterpreted. This study aims to explore the relevance of Islamic banks in the Indonesian economy and respond to controversies related to the interest and profit sharing system. Using a qualitative approach, this study collects data through literature studies, case studies on several Islamic banks, and interviews with Islamic bank practitioners, Islamic economists, and Islamic bank customers. The results show that although Islamic banks have tried to explain the difference in principle between interest and profit sharing, there is still confusion among the public. Many customers consider the profit-sharing system to be similar to interest, especially since they involve the sharing of profits from economic transactions. Therefore, more intensive education and socialization are needed to reduce this misperception and increase public understanding of the excellence and transparency of the Islamic banking system.
Islamic Philanthropy in the Digital Era: Intercultural Communication Strategies for Effective ZISWAF Campaigns
Authors: Setawan Donny , Murodi  , Arief Subhan  , Nurliana  , Trisia Megawati  , Abdul Khakim
Published: January 2025

The main issue in the Zakat, Infaq, Shadaqah, and Wakaf (ZISWAF) campaign in the digital era is how to effectively manage communication in a multicultural context. The objective of this research is to identify communication strategies that can inclusively reach multicultural communities. The core statement of this research is that effective intercultural communication is crucial for increasing participation in the ZISWAF campaign. The theory used is John Fiske's semiotic theory, which explains how messages are encoded and decoded by different audiences. The analysis shows that the use of cultural symbols and technology-based approaches can enhance the effectiveness of the ZISWAF campaign. The conclusion of this research is that culturally sensitive communication strategies, supported by digital technology, can increase community engagement in ZISWAF management and strengthen the impact of Islamic philanthropy.
Communication Model of the Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children in Accompanying and Protecting Child Victims of Sexual Violence in Riau Province
Authors: Rivai Andi Kardian , Kholil Syukur , Sikumbang Ahmad Tamrin
Published: January 2025

This article aims to explore the implementation of the Communication Model by the Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPT PPA) in assisting and protecting child victims of sexual violence in Riau Province. Given the increasing cases of sexual violence against children in Indonesia, this study highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach that integrates religious and cultural values to protect victims and support their recovery. Child sexual violence is an iceberg phenomenon in Indonesia, with many cases going unreported due to stigma and fear of social rejection. This study uses a qualitative approach to collect and analyze data on how UPT PPA Riau Province implements communication. The results show that the use of the Communication Model can increase the effectiveness of assistance, provide strong emotional support, and promote holistic recovery of victims. However, this study also identified several barriers, such as limited resources, lack of community understanding of Islamic values, and challenges in law enforcement. This article proposes strategies to overcome these barriers, including improving community education, strengthening institutional capacity, and using effective and empathetic communication in accordance with Islamic principles. This study contributes to the existing literature by showing how Islamic ethical and spiritual principles can be integrated into child protection practices to address and handle sexual violence.
Medan City Government Organizational Communication Transformation: Strategies to Improve the Quality of Public Services and Community Empowerment
Authors: Lubis Budi Ansary
Published: January 2025

This study reveals the fundamental problems in the organizational communication of the Medan City Government which has implications for the low quality of public services and community empowerment, reflected in the public satisfaction index of only 73.42% and community participation which is still at 58.7%. This study aims to analyze communication transformation as an improvement strategy. Using descriptive qualitative methods through observation, interviews, and literature reviews, this study found that ineffective communication leads to convoluted bureaucracy, service delays, and lack of transparency, thereby lowering public trust. To overcome this, the government implements communication transformation through the integration of information technology, such as integrated digital services to accelerate administrative processes, a participatory approach that involves the community in policy planning, and policy transparency through social media and public information portals. In addition, regular training for government officials in the use of modern communication technology and increasing digital literacy among the community is an important factor in the success of this transformation. The results show improved service efficiency, reduced complaints, and increased public participation. The recommendations of this study emphasize the importance of continuous two-way dialogue, inclusive communication policies, and the government's commitment to building transparent and responsive communication to realize more effective public services and sustainable community empowerment.
THE AUTHORITY OF NOTARY SUPERVISORS IN TAKING ACTION AGAINST VIOLATIONS OF THE DISSEMINATION OF DEED OF AGREEMENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Wulandari Irvi Wuri , Dewi Anak Agung Istri Ari Atu
Published: January 2025

This research aims to find out clear arrangements related to the authority of the regional supervisory assembly as the guardian of notary honor to monitor and respond to the attitude of notaries, especially in taking action against notary violations of the dissemination of deeds of agreement on social media. The formulation of the problem in this study is first, how is the responsibility of notaries who disseminate deeds of agreement through social media, and second, how is the authority of notary supervisors in taking action against these violations. In this writing, the researcher uses a normative research method with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. Based on the research conducted by the researcher, the conclusions are obtained, namely: First, notaries who disseminate deeds through social media can be held accountable ethically, civilly and criminally. The liability is certainly based on the fulfillment of the elements of the act committed, whether the act meets the elements of violation of the code of ethics, or meets the elements of the offense for criminal liability, and whether the act meets the elements of unlawful acts for civil liability. Second, the Notary Supervisory Council has a mechanism for enforcing ethics and imposing administrative sanctions. The sanctions are imposed if the notary who disseminated the deed on social media is proven to have violated the code of ethics based on the Supervisory Panel's examination. Ethical sanctions can be in the form of: a). verbal warning; b). written warning; c). temporary dismissal; d). proposal for honorable dismissal; or e). proposal for dishonorable dismissal. In the process of examining a notary who commits an ethical violation, the principle of presumption of innocence must be put forward until the decision of the Supervisory Panel states that the person concerned is proven guilty.
Execution of The Right to be Forgotten in Indonesia: The Urgency of the Requirements for the Determination and Establishment of the Assessment Body
Authors: Sugeng Sulistyo Trisoko , Johan Utama Yos , Putrijanti Aju
Published: January 2025

The Right to be Forgotten has been recognized in the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (ITE) and the Personal Data Protection Law (PDP), but has not been regulated in detail. The ITE Law and the PDP Law do include provisions on the right to be forgotten, but there is no specific explanation of the conditions that must be met to establish what rights can be removed as part of the Right to Be Forgotten. In addition, there is no special assessment body tasked with determining and assessing these conditions. This ambiguity causes the implementation of the Right to be Forgotten to be hampered in Indonesia.
This journal aims to provide recommendations for policymakers to improve related regulations so that the implementation of the Right to be Forgotten can run effectively in Indonesia so that it has benefits for law enforcement in Indonesia. The method used in this journal is normative juridical research with a statute approach. The results of the study show that in order for the implementation of The Right to be Forgotten to be more effective, it is necessary to prepare clearer determination requirements and the establishment of an independent assessment body that can handle applications fairly and transparently.
Policy Implementation and Evaluation Career Development Of Functional Officials In Improving Organizational Performance Within The Police Stamarena
Authors: Kiktujuh Kiktujuh
Published: January 2025

This study explores career development policy implementation and evaluation for functional officials at Stamarena Police, focusing on enhancing organizational performance. Career development within organizations, particularly law enforcement agencies, plays a crucial role in improving employee performance and professional service delivery. Using a qualitative methodology with a literature review approach, the research analyzed policy documents, performance reports, and relevant scientific publications concerning police career development and human resource management. The findings identified several key challenges, including suboptimal competency-based performance evaluation systems, limited professional growth opportunities, and inadequate integration of career management information systems within Stamarena Police. The study reveals the necessity for strengthened planning and budgeting strategies to support sustainable career development initiatives. Recommendations include enhancing performance assessment mechanisms, expanding competency development programs, and integrating information systems to optimize career management for functional officials at Stamarena Police. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of career development in law enforcement institutions and provide practical solutions for improving organizational effectiveness.
Legal Protection for Murder Victims as Perpetrators of Forced Defense From The Perspective of Victimology
Authors: Pakpahan Kartina
Published: January 2025

Article 1 paragraph (3) and Article 27 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution stipulate that all citizens have equal standing before the law. Furthermore, Article 28 D paragraph (1) states that everyone has the right to recognition, guarantee, protection, and certainty of fair law and equal treatment before the law. These provisions stipulate that all orders in national, social and state life are based on applicable laws and regulations. Therefore, all actions should be carried out according to the law, both by society and law enforcement. Psychologically, everyone does not want to lose their lives and property. In criminal acts, some victims react with resistance and some do not. But among the many crimes, it turns out that there are victims who react with resistance to the point of paralyzing the perpetrator of the crime, even to the point of causing the perpetrator to lose his life. As a result, the victim's self-defense efforts give rise to a case, namely being named a suspect for the crime. Therefore, this study aims to determine how legal protection is for victims of robbery as perpetrators of forced defense from a victimology perspective. This research was conducted using an empirical legal method, using progressive legal theory and legal justice theory. So that through this research, it was found that there was a change in understanding of investigators and investigators at the Indonesian Police that based on legal theory, there is an exception to the determination of a suspect or it can be said as a reason for the elimination of a criminal offense, namely justification and forgiveness as a duty and as self-defense for a crime.
Nuclear Level Density in the X(1062, 312) System
Authors: Bevelacqua Joseph
Published: January 2025

Single particle levels for the X(1062, 312) system as a function of energy are modeled using various functional forms. A power law form N(E) = A Eb for the total number of energy levels provides a better fit than the constant temperature and equidistant models. The number of energy levels/MeV is not well-fit by the commonly used constant temperature model.
Can AI Ever Become Conscious?
Authors: Farhadi Ashkan
Published: January 2025

Almost 70 years ago, Alan Turing predicted that within half a century, computers would possess processing capabilities sufficient to fool interrogators into believing they were communicating with a human. While his prediction materialized slightly later than anticipated, he also foresaw a critical limitation: machines might never become the subject of their own thoughts, suggesting that computers may never achieve self-awareness. Recent advancements in AI, however, have reignited interest in the concept of consciousness, particularly in discussions about the potential existential risks posed by AI. At the heart of this debate lies the question of whether computers can achieve consciousness or develop a sense of agency—and the profound implications if they do.

Whether computers can currently be considered conscious or aware, even to a limited extent, depends largely on the framework used to define awareness and consciousness. For instance, IIT equates consciousness with the capacity for information processing, while the Higher-Order Thought (HOT) theory integrates elements of self-awareness and intentionality into its definition.

This manuscript reviews and critically compares major theories of consciousness, with a particular emphasis on awareness, attention, and the sense of self. By delineating the distinctions between artificial and natural intelligence, it explores whether advancements in AI technologies—such as machine learning and neural networks—could enable AI to achieve some degree of consciousness or develop a sense of agency.
The Microbiological Aspects of Vermicomposting Organic Waste
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Khan I. , Kurovsky A. ,   Tomsk State University, Babenko A. ,   Tomsk State University, Kornievskaya E. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: January 2025

Altering natural waste into abundant nutrient-rich vermicompost is an ecologically sound and sustainable method known as vermicomposting. Abiotic factors such as feeding material, bedding material, acidity level, temperature, moisture content, and air circulation affect the process. Various microorganisms and earthworms are the key players in the process. However, earthworms are the primary agents of the process, as they increase the microbial populations by fragmenting and ingesting fresh organic matter. The synergistic relationship between earthworms and bacteria is crucial, although Eisenia fetida is the ideal worm for processing various organic wastes such as plant leaf litter, fruit and vegetable waste, animal manure, and municipal solid waste, etc. In short, the literature reviewed showed multiple techniques, including, molecular and culture-dependent analyses, demonstrating that different bacteria are associated with earthworms and organic fertilizers. These bacterial groups include Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and Ammonifers. Organic fertilizers commonly use Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), which contain plant growth hormones, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and "Essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are required for proper growth and development of plants (NPK), and are highly effective in promoting plant growth and development.” Therefore, the contribution of PGPR and nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Azotobacter in producing organic fertilizers is significant for sustainable agriculture practices. In conclusion, "This fertilizer improves soil fertility, while also suppressing harmful phytopathogens and pathogens, ultimately promoting healthy plant growth".
Study of starch properties from Crambe kotchiana and Bunias orientalis roots
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Aralbaev A.N. , Seydakhmetova Z.Zh. ,   Almaty Technological University, Aralbaeva A.N. ,   Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Aralbay N.K. ,   H.A. Yassaui International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: January 2025

This article touches upon the problem of searching and researching of non-traditional sources of raw materials for food and processing industry, which never loses its urgency. Plants are a universal source of various materials, medicines and food for humans. Starch is one of the most widespread plant biopolymers, which is of value both for the food and processing industries and for the production of packaging material. Starch is synthesized by almost all plant species, but there are species that accumulate it in significant quantities among them. The most famous sources of starch are crops such as potatoes, cereals, and cassava in tropical lands. Properties of the starch obtained from different plants may be somewhat different, so the scope of their application may also be different. The Cabbage family is characterized by a great diversity of species forms and the range of distribution. Some species of this family have been introduced into culture and are widely used as food raw materials, while most species have high potential and still remain poorly studied for their nutritional and biological value. This article is devoted to the study of the properties of starch isolated from a non-traditional plant raw material - from the roots of plants Crambe kotchiana and Bunias orientalis, which are representatives of the Cabbage family. As studies have shown, plants are able to accumulate a significant amount of starch in the roots and their content is almost similar to potatoes. Due to the fact that the organ of starch accumulation in Crambe kotchiana and Bunias orientalis are roots, the technology of processing can be similar to the technology of obtaining starches from the cassava roots. During the research of isolated starch from Crambe kotchiana and Bunias orientalis roots it has been revealed that with respect to technological, organoleptic characteristics as well as physical and chemical properties this species is not inferior to potato starch which makes it suitable for use in food industry.
Results of comparative anatomical studies species of the genus Suaeda Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. of arid regions of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Ussen S. , Vesselova P.V. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Kudabayeva G.M. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Osmonali B.B. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Izbastina K.S. ,   Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University named after S. Seifullin, Abdildanov D.Sh. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of the study of anatomical structures of species of the genus Suaeda Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel. growing in arid zones of Kazakhstan. Anatomical features of leaf and stem structure of the following species are considered: Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall., S. acuminata (C.A. Mey.) Moq., S. linifolia Pall., S. physophora Pall. and S. microphylla Pall. The anatomical structure of leaves of succulent plants, in particular Suaeda, differs significantly from that of non-succulents. The shape of leaves of such plants is usually cylindrical. The results of studying the anatomical structure of leaves of the listed species indicate that, like most representatives of the genus Suaeda, they belong to the Salsina-type. Biometric studies were carried out while describing anatomical sections of leaves and stems. The succulent nature of halophytic representatives of the genus is due to their ability to accumulate water in the form of juice in the above-ground part during the rainy season. This allows them to do without moisture from the outside for quite a long time. Moisture accumulates mainly in the stems or leaves. In the first case, the plants are called stem plants, and in the second, leaf succulents.The relevance of the study of the genus Suaeda is due to their belonging to the group of important halophytic components of the flora of both desert and steppe regions. Among them there are medicinal (Suaeda microphylla Pall.), fodder (S. altissima ( L.) Pall.) plants. Species S. linifolia, S. acuminata quite often weed and can be indicators of anthropogenic disturbances.
Phytoexamination of spring wheat seeds as a factor of optimization of sowing process in the conditions of the Pavlodar region
Authors:   Toraighyrov University, Ualiyeva R.M. , Zhaksybek M.A. ,   Toraighyrov University
Published: January 2025

Wheat seeds provide a favorable environment for pathogenic microflora, which leads to a decrease in seed viability and the release of various mycotoxins that seriously affect plant growth and development. The initial growth of spring wheat seeds and the phytopathogenic load were studied as indicators of phytosanitary status and sowing quality. The phytosanitary state of spring wheat seeds in the conditions of the Pavlodar region was determined. A total of 22 varieties of spring wheat were analyzed. The sowing characteristics of spring wheat seeds of different varieties were determined and varietal differences affecting the sowing qualities of seeds were revealed. Phytosanitary results of seeds of grain varieties are presented to determine the composition and level of contamination of seeds. The results of the study revealed a high level of infection of spring wheat seeds with root rot pathogens: Bipolaris sorokiniana, such fungi as Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp. and the pathogens of spring wheat bacteriosis prevailed on the studied samples. The role of hydrothermal conditions in the invasion of seeds by plant pathogens was determined.
Study of antimicrobial activity and tolerance to stress factors of Lactobacillus strains for the development of new probiotics
Authors:   Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Kurmangali D.E. , Baikonys B.T. ,   Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Abilkhadirov A.S. ,   Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Bekshin J.M. ,   Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Abiateva G.K. ,   Republican Collection of Microorganisms
Published: January 2025

Probiotic strains, the main component of which are beneficial lactic acid bacteria, are of considerable interest in biotechnological production. Among various probiotic microorganisms, special attention is paid to Lactobacillus, which have many positive properties. The object of the study is lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus isolated from biological samples, as well as collection strains of the Biobank of the Republican Collection of Microorganisms. The aim of the study is to isolate and characterize the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria for the development of probiotics. In the course of work, 15 probiotically active strains of lactic acid bacteria were screened and four most active cultures (Lactobacillus casei 2LB, Lactobacillus brevis 3LB, Lactobacillus fermentum BV-4, Lactobacillus plantarum 5LB) were selected among the strains of the Biobank of the Republican Collection of Microorganisms. A consortium of starter cultures of these strains was created and the optimal variant was selected for inclusion in the probiotic under development. The probiotic potential of bacteria was studied, including resistance to low pH values, osmotic pressure, such properties as autoaggregation and coaggregation to opportunistic microorganisms. Studies were conducted to investigate the survival of Lactobacillus in the aggressive environment of the gastrointestinal tract, their adhesive properties, ability to produce antimicrobial substances and modulate the immune response. The results showed that Lactobacillus strains can effectively suppress pathogenic microflora, colonize the intestine and stimulate immune processes. This holds promise for the development of novel Lactobacillus-based probiotic preparations to improve human health. These results emphasize the importance of studying the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus and their strain-specific properties, which are essential for the development of functional products.
Sicherungsverwahrung, narrative Identität und diskursive Disziplin unter besonderer Berücksichtigung kognitiv-behavioraler Behandlungsprogramme im Vollzug.
Authors: Graebsch Christine
Published: January 2025

Editorial zum Themenheft
‚Clankriminalität‘ – empirische Analysen zu einem kriminalpolitischen Konzept und seiner Verwendungspraxis
Authors: Nüschen Stella , Struck Jens , Wagner Daniel , Görgen Thomas
Published: January 2025

Das im Beitrag dargestellte Projekt hat zum Ziel, eine empirisch begründete, den nationalen wie internationalen Forschungsstand einbeziehende Analyse sogenannter Clankriminalität inklusive einer Reflexion der Kontroversen in Beschreibung und Bearbeitung des mit diesem Begriff verbundenen diffusen Phänomenbereichs zu leisten. Zudem wird der bisherige institutionelle und institutionenübergreifende Umgang mit Erscheinungsformen, die unter diesem Begriff kontextualisiert werden, empirisch beleuchtet. Hierfür wurden eine systematische Literatursynthese erstellt, eine linguistisch-semantische sowie eine empirische Konzeptanalyse (auf Basis medialer und politischer Darstellungsformen) sowie eine Interviewstudie und Fokusgruppenworkshops durchgeführt.
Green and Sustainable Payment Systems for Advancing U.S. Climate Goals
Authors: Prakash Raju Kantheti  , Prof. Stella Bvuma
Published: January 2025

In every industry, including finance, new solutions are required due to the rapid rate of climate change. Sustainable and eco-friendly payment methods have become vital tools for tying economic activity to green objectives. The potential of sustainable financial infrastructures to reduce carbon footprints, incentivise environmentally conscious consumer behaviour, and ease the shift to a low-carbon economy is highlighted in this article's investigation of their role in advancing US climate objectives. Green infrastructure's ability to mitigate the anticipated rise in excessive precipitation or warmth is usually linked to its benefits for climate adaptation. Benefits include reducing the incidence of combined storm and sewer overflows (CSOs), improving storm-water runoff management, conserving water, preventing flooding, accommodating natural hazards (such as moving out of floodplains), lowering ambient temperatures and the effects of urban heat islands (UHIs), and protecting against sea level rise (with the possibility of storm-surge protection measures). Additionally, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), green infrastructure can improve air quality and human health, reduce energy consumption, save capital costs, increase carbon storage, increase recreational space and wildlife habitat, and even raise land values by as much as 30%. Important developments include energy-efficient digital currencies, more effective blockchain technology, and carbon offset systems that emphasise accountability and transparency. These systems may operate as catalysts for environmental advancement by incorporating sustainability measures into financial transactions, increasing the efficiency of payment processing, and integrating renewable energy sources. In order to ensure that payment systems become a key component in attaining a sustainable future, the report ends with policy proposals to encourage adoption, including as regulatory frameworks, public-private collaborations, and consumer awareness campaigns.
Improving Quality of Life with Emerging AI and IoT Based Healthcare Monitoring Systems
Authors: Dr. Nikhat Akhtar  , Kumar Bibhuti B. Singh  , Prof. (Dr.) Devendra Agarwal  , Dr. Yusuf Perwej
Published: January 2025

Two of the technologies that are spreading at the fastest rates in the whole world are artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). Considering the growing number of people who are relocating to urban areas, the idea of a smart city is not new. A smart city is a concept that is centered on the notion of improving the healthcare sector by enhancing its efficiency, cutting expenses, and placing the emphasis back on a better patient care system. In order to successfully use Internet of Things and artificial intelligence for remote healthcare monitoring systems, one must have a comprehensive grasp of the many frameworks that are utilized in smart cities. Traditional healthcare services are not only prone to causing patients to pass away, but they also have the potential to cause delays, squander resources, and result in financial loss. When utilized in combination with the intelligence and prediction capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoT), frequent Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM) at home, at work, or at a hospital may assist persons who especially need it in overcoming challenges that are given by conventional healthcare facilities. The Internet of Things (IoT)-based RPM may act as a precursory warning system for approaching circumstances that, if ignored or treatment is delayed, might result in major health concerns or even patient death. Wearable technologies, sensor networks, and other digital infrastructure are employed in this system. Wearable gadgets (biosensors) that integrate with the internet of things allow medical professionals to obtain real-time vital indicators from their patients. Through the development of a framework that is supported by both the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the purpose of this article is to facilitate the implementation of a Remote Patient Monitoring System that is equipped with data analytics capabilities. Following the implementation of a Remote Patient Monitoring System for the purpose of data collecting, we suggested an algorithm for the diagnosis of diseases.