bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laccase immobilization via cross-linked aggregate preparation: Characterization, thermodynamic/kinetic properties and application in removal of bisphenol A from solutions
Authors: Ademakinwa Adedeji
Published: March 2021

Fungal laccase from Aureobasidium pullulans was immobilized via cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) preparation under statistically optimized conditions. The stability of the CLEA to heat inactivation was studied via investigation of its thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. The immobilized enzyme was then deployed in the biodegradation of a bisphenol-A (BPA). The optimum conditions for CLEA preparation resulting in the highest immobilization yield were ammonium sulphate (60% v/v), glutaraldehyde (30 mM), pH (4.5), time (6 h) and temperature (55ºC). The CLEA retained about 51% of its activity after eight catalytic cycles. The optimum pH and temperature of the laccase CLEA were 5.5 and 60ºC respectively. The SEM indicated that the laccase CLEA was type II (unstructured). The data obtained from the heat inactivation kinetics and thermodynamic characterization indicated that the CLEA was stable to heat denaturation than the free enzyme. The kinetic parameters obtained for the CLEA with ABTS as substrate were 101.3 µM, 2.94 µmols-1mg-1 and 0.03 dm3s-1mg-1 for the Km, Kcat and Kcat/Km respectively. The optimum conditions for BPA biodegradation using the CLEA were temperature (55ºC), time (2 h), CLEA (1.0 mg) and BPA concentration (40 mg/L). After the 7th cycle, laccase CLEA retained about 63 ± 2.3% biodegradation efficiency. A heat-resistant laccase CLEA was able to remove BPA from solutions under statistically optimized conditions. The laccase CLEA has properties for other futuristic applications.
Associations of hysteroscopic features of chronic endometritis with pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Chang-hong , Hao Cui-fang
Published: March 2021

The impact of the hysteroscopic features of chronic endometritis (CE) on pregnancy outcomes is unclear. This study explored whether the morphological features of CE on hysteroscopy were associated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy outcomes. This retrospective study was conducted at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from 01/2017 to 09/2018. Infertile women who underwent hysteroscopy before IVF were grouped according to CE. To decrease confounding, a group of standardized patients was selected from the women enrolled in this study to compare pregnancy outcomes between the CE and non-CE groups. The outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR), miscarriage rate, and premature birth rate. In this study, 3280 women underwent IVF, and 3179 of these patients underwent hysteroscopy. In standardized patients, significant differences were found between the CE and non-CE groups in CPR (54.3% vs. 65.6%, P=0.02) and LBR (45.7% vs. 58.3%, P=0.012). In patients who underwent fresh embryo transfer, CPR differed among groups (P=0.002) and was highest in the hemorrhagic spots group (61.7%). In patients who underwent frozen embryo transfer (FET), CPR was higher in the CE group than in the non-CE group (54.7% vs. 43.0%, P<0.001), highest in the hemorrhagic spots group (70.6%, P=0.002) and lowest in the hyperemia combined with micropolyps group (39.4%, P=0.022). The only factor independently associated with CPR was hysteroscopic features of CE (odds ratio: 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.21–1.80, P<0.001). Hysteroscopic features of CE are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes after IVF.
A Nanoparticle-Mist Deposition Method: Fabrication of High-Performance ITO Flexible Thin Films under Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Suzuki Ryoko , Nishi Yasutaka , Matsubara Masaki , Muramatsu Atsushi , Kanie Kiyoshi
Published: March 2021

Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films with low resistivity and high transparency in the visible light region have been prepared on flexible plastic films by a deposition method using water mist containing ITO nanoparticles (NPs) under atmospheric conditions. The ITO NP-mist was generated by ultrasonic irradiation of a water dispersion. Our developed protrusion-rich ITO NPs were applied as the ITO NPs. The ITO NPs show high dispersion stability in water without the use of any dispersant. Comparison investigations revealed that utilization of the ITO NPs played a critical role in fabricating high-performance ITO thin films on flexible films, and the resistivity reached 9.0 x 10− 3 Ω·cm. The system could be expected to provide promising advances in the development of a mild and sustainable fabrication procedure for ITO thin films under mild atmospheric conditions without the use of expensive vacuum production systems or harmful and environmentally undesirable chemicals.
Comparison between planar and single-photon emission computed tomography images for radiation intensity quantification in iodine-131 scintigraphy
Authors: Iizuka Yusuke , Katagiri Tomohiro , Inoue Minoru , Nakamura Kiyonao , Mizowaki Takashi
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of quantifying iodine-131 (131I) accumulation in scintigraphy images and compare planar and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images to estimate 131I radioactivity in patients receiving radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer. We evaluated 72 sets of planar and SPECT images acquired between February 2017 and December 2018. Simultaneously, we placed a reference 131I capsule next to the patient during image acquisition. We evaluated the correlation between the intensity of the capsule in the images and the capsule dose and estimated the radiation dose at the thyroid bed. The mean capsule dose was 2.14 MBq (range, 0.63–4.31 MBq). The correlation coefficients (p-value) between capsule dose and maximum and mean intensities in both planar and SPECT images were 0.93 (p < 0.01), 0.96 (p < 0.01), 0.60 (p < 0.01), and 0.47 (p < 0.01), respectively. The mean intensities of planar images show the highest correlation coefficients. Based on a regression equation, the average radiation dose in the thyroid bed was 5.9 MBq. In conclusion, planar images reflected the radiation dose more accurately than SPECT images. The regression equation allows to determine the dose in other regions, such as the thyroid bed or sites of distant metastasis.
Alleviation Effects of Diosmetin on H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Erythrocytes
Authors: GENİŞEL Mucip , YILDIZOĞLU Fatma
Published: March 2021

Free radicals (FRs) are formed in the high amounts result of the metabolic imbalance in cells and tissue. These radicals-induced oxidative damages constitute the basis of many diseases. Organisms have antioxidant defence systems (ADS) to eliminate the destructive effects of the oxidative damage. In addition to these antioxidant systems, dietary flavonoids have the antioxidant effect and the protective role against oxidative damage. In the present study, it was investigated whether a flavonoid derived diosmetin (10, 50, and 100 µM) have the elimination potential on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in erythrocyte culture by using biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation (LP) level, catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and changes of SOD isozymes containing the manganese SOD (Mn SOD) and the cupper-zinc SOD (CuZn SOD). CAT, total SOD, Mn SOD and CuZn SOD activities showed a serious decline with H2O2 treatment, but diosmetin addition significantly increased their activities. While the H2O2 application critically increased LP products in erythrocytes, diosmetin considerably reduced these oxidative damage products. In conclusion, it has been determined that diosmetin can moderate oxidative damage in human erythrocytes by activating or protecting the ADS.
Mudanças Climáticas e Antropoceno em Museus: Comunicação de Ciências “Não Acabadas”
Authors: Lamim-Guedes Valdir
Published: March 2021

Neste texto, a partir de um referencial advindo dos estudos sociais das ciências e sobre a comunicação e educação em museus, apresentamos algumas iniciativas de abordagem das temáticas mudanças climáticas e Antropoceno em instituições do exterior e nacionais. Destaca-se o potencial comunicacional destas instituições, tanto na busca por uma atuação mais engajada em suas comunidades, assim como para audiências mais amplas, através de seus espaços virtuais, como sites e mídias sociais. Podemos afirmar que estas exposições, mesmo em visitas virtuais, contribuem para a obtenção de informações sobre mudanças climáticas e antropoceno, assim como, permite reflexões que são características da educação ambiental.
Leveraging Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality to Combat Chronic Pain in Youth: Position Paper From the Interdisciplinary Network on Virtual and Augmented Technologies for Pain Management
Authors: Logan Deirdre E , Simons Laura E , Caruso Thomas J , Gold Jeffrey I , Greenleaf Walter , Griffin Anya , King Christopher D , Menendez Maria , Olbrecht Vanessa A , Rodriguez Samuel , Silvia Megan , Stinson Jennifer N , Wang Ellen , Williams Sara E , Wilson Luke
Published: March 2021

Background

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) interventions are emerging as promising tools in the treatment of pediatric chronic pain conditions. However, in this young field, there is little consensus to guide the process of engaging in the development and evaluation of targeted VR-based interventions.

Objective

The INOVATE-Pain (Interdisciplinary Network on Virtual and Augmented Technologies for Pain management) consortium aims to advance the field of VR for pediatric chronic pain rehabilitation by providing guidance for best practices in the design, evaluation, and dissemination of VR-based interventions targeting this population.

Methods

An interdisciplinary meeting of 16 academics, clinicians, industry partners, and philanthropy partners was held in January 2020.

Results

Reviewing the state of the field, the consortium identified important directions for research-driven innovation in VR and AR clinical care, highlighted key opportunities and challenges facing the field, and established a consensus on best methodological practices to adopt in future efforts to advance the research and practice of VR and AR in pediatric pain. The consortium also identified important next steps to undertake to continue to advance the work in this promising new area of digital health pain interventions.

Conclusions

To realize the promise of this realm of innovation, key ingredients for success include productive partnerships among industry, academic, and clinical stakeholders; a uniform set of outcome domains and measures for standardized evaluation; and widespread access to the latest opportunities, tools, and resources. The INOVATE-Pain collaborative hopes to promote the creation, rigorous yet efficient evaluation, and dissemination of innovative VR-based interventions to reduce pain and improve quality of life for children.
Desbloqueo conceptual de la controversia sobre el determinismo durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Varela Machado Olga
Published: March 2021

La física durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX experimentó una silenciosa pero profunda revisión de sus fundamentos. A pesar de su importancia para los desarrollos posteriores de la física, los estudios históricos y filosóficos sobre dicho periodo son escasos comparados con aquellos de principios del siglo XX. Este trabajo reconstruye algunos aspectos de la física de este periodo usando dos herramientas conceptuales: espacios controversiales de Oscar Nudler y estilo de razonamiento científico de Ian Hacking. El objetivo es mostrar los elementos que produjeron el desbloqueo conceptual de la controversia sobre el determinismo durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX.
PRÁTICAS DISCURSIVAS RITUAIS PRÉ-AMAZÔNICAS: FESTA DO MOQUEADO DA TRIBO TENETEHARA/GUAJAJARA
Authors: Silva Sueli Maria Ramos da
Published: March 2021

Esta proposta consiste em estudo teórico epistemológico que tem como premissa estabelecer algumas discussões em referência aos subsídios propostos pela semiótica discursiva, apoiando-se em seus recentes desdobramentos tensivos, notamente por meio da análise práticas folclorísticas rituais. Nos propomos realizar a depreensão do sentido das práticas discursivas rituais pré-amazônicas, tendo como cerne a análise da Festa do Moqueado, “WYRAU’HAW, Festa da menina-moça do povo indígena Tenetehara/Guajajara”, presente na região pré-amazônica. Temos, ainda, como bases teóricas, a noção de práticas semióticas elaboradas por Fontanille (2008), assim como os estudos desenvolvidos por Turner (2013) e Gnepp (2013) acerca das particularidades sociais e simbólicas da modalidade estrutural ou metaestrutural do interelacionamento social do rito e da celebração e cerimoniais. Esperamos, por meio deste estudo, lançar as bases para desenvolvimento das pesquisas que se tem realizado em âmbito semiótico acerca de práticas folclorísticas, tendo por base o estudo da liturgia ritual de determinadas práticas sociais.
MARCHA RUMO À AMAZÔNIA: A RELAÇÃO CRIADOR/CRIATURA NO DISCURSO DE FUNDAÇÃO DA GLEBA CELESTE, EM MATO GROSSO
Authors: Nascimento Leandro José do , Zolin-Vesz Fernando
Published: March 2021

A década de setenta do século passado marca, na região norte de Mato Grosso, o surgimento do projeto de colonização Gleba Celeste. Nele, a Colonizadora SINOP S.A. dos empresários Enio Pipino e João Pedro Moreira de Carvalho implanta as cidades de Vera, Sinop, Santa Carmem e Cláudia. Este artigo analisa o discurso da fundação da Gleba Celeste a fim de observar os efeitos produzidos e como reafirmam a lógica criador/criatura. O estudo do discurso recorre à entrevista de Enio Pipino ao Museu da Imagem e do Som (1982), por meio da qual a narrativa de colonização é realizada. A análise é amparada em conceitos como formação discursiva, enunciado, relações de poder, verdade e poder inscritos em Michel Foucault e sugere que a fundação deste empreendimento não correspondeu, apenas, à uma estratégia administrativa de criação de cidades, mas um esforço para levar a verdade a outrem, evidenciando uma hierarquia no/pelo discurso.
A POÉTICA SURREALISTA-BARROCA DE MARIA MARTINS E A AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Bittencourt Rita Lenira de Freitas
Published: March 2021

Este ensaio tem como objetivo abordar as imagens da Amazônia na curiosa obra da escultora e escritora Maria Martins (1894-1973), uma das poucas mulheres artistas brasileiras a ser reconhecida internacionalmente em sua época. Este ensaio examina uma pequena parte de sua obra artística – três esculturas, dois poemas e uma gravura -, elaborada no contexto da vanguarda europeia e americana, em diálogo com o modernismo antropofágico brasileiro. Segue a hipótese geral de que as apropriações culturais de Maria têm conexões, ao mesmo tempo, com o movimento surrealista, com a arte barroca da América Latina e com os estudos teóricos contemporâneos, reorganizando categorias como centro e margens e renovando e enriquecendo as reflexões sobre os espaços simbólicos na literatura e nas artes.
In Memoriam
Authors: Zanini Claudio Vescia
Published: March 2021

Homenagem ao Prof. Dr. Fernando Monteiro de Barros
Efficiency of application of the microbiological method of waste water treatment to remove hexamethylendiamine
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Lytvynenko Valeriia , Dychko Alina ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: March 2021

Wastewater contaminated with hexamethylenediamine (HMD), which is discharged into natural reservoirs, causes damage and loss of hydrobionts, worsens the quality of water which becomes unsuitable for use. For wastewater treatment from HMD, the possibility of applying bacterial cultures-destructors which use the HMD as a nutrition source is considered.
“...About the Beginning of the Slavic-Russian People”: the Views of the Russian Thinkers of the 16-17 Centuries on the Origin of Russian Civilization
Authors: Strakhov Alexander B.
Published: March 2021

The special role of Russia in the world history and its civilizational status is recognized by all representatives of the civilizational approach. However, this understanding did not arise from nowhere, but relied on the basis of the already prepared deep and complex intellectual work of Russian scribes. The question of Russia’s role and place in the world historical process as a separate civilization was studied by Russian authors since the earliest times. At the national level, that issue was actualized in the 16-17 centuries. On the basis on the analysis of the texts of the 16-17 centuries. the author of the article examines in detail what approaches to the understanding of their place in the world’s Christian history were developed by the scribes who were involved in the formation of the historical policy of the Russian state. The author suggests to distinguish two such approaches – the dynastic and the national ones.
Relationship between Physical Activity, Fitness and Educational Achievement of Rural South African Children
Authors: THEMANE M. J. , KOPPES L. L. J. , KEMPER H. C. G. , MONYEKI K. D. , TWISK J. W. R.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of physical activity and physical fitness with educational achievement in rural South African school children aged 7 to 14 years (n= 212). All boys and girls underwent the following physical fitness tests: standing long jump, bent arm hang, sit ups, 10 x 5m shuttle run, 50 meter run, 1,600 meter run, flamingo balance, sit and reach, and plate tapping. All tests were performed in accordance with the European Tests of Physical Fitness (EUROFIT) and American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) protocols. A questionnaire was used to gather physical activity information concerning indoor and outdoor household activities, games and sports performed during the week days and weekend days. Educational achievement was assessed by means of the Educational Achievement Tests in Mathematics and English designed by South African Human Sciences Research Council. In contrast to what has been found in developed countries, the results of the present study did not show strong evidence for the hypothesis that physical activity and physical fitness are positively associated with educational achievement. Explanations for this finding may be that: first, the children in this population are confronted by a number of educational problems that may have confounded the relationship. Second, because all these children have high levels of physical activity it may be difficult to measure its influence on educational achievement, and third, the cross-sectional nature of this study.本文旨在探討南非鄉鎮地區小學生身體活動量與學業的關係，以問卷方式進行調查，訪問了212名學童，並評估他們的體適能狀況，結果未能顯示出兩者呈現關係，這現象可能受到文化及敎育等因素影響所致，結果呈現兩種動作類，顯示對於下肢的偏向是取決於動作的。作者提出看法，認為各個不同孩童的互動、動作和環境的轉換都對下肢偏向起著影響。
Physical Characteristics of Malaysian Netball Players in Relation to Playing Skill
Authors: SOH Kim Geok , HUSAIN Ruby , SOH Kim Lam
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

This study sought to document the physical characteristics of top Malaysian netball players by their playing skill. The variables measured were age, height, body mass, body fat and somototype. Thirty-two national players (mean age 18.19 ± 3.86 years) were assessed, divided into three groups by their playing skill (senior/elite, junior and reserve). The body fat content was determined by the skinfold method and their somatotype using the Heath Carter Somatotyping method. There were no significant differences in the physical characteristics between the players by playing skill. The players were predominantly ecto-endomorphic with a mean somatotype of 6.12±1.42 - 2.38±1.05 - 2.71±1.38. Their height and body mass were 170.80±4.61 cm and 64.44±7.46 kg, respectively. Female national Australian and English netball players had a body fat of 28.90±3.50% (Wither & Roberts, 1981) and 24.50±3.90% (Bale & Hunt, 1986) respectively, while the Malaysian players in this study 24.50 ± 5.13%.

本文旨在探討馬來西亞女子投球選手的身體特徵與技術，並與同類研究進行比較及分析。
Effects of Antrodia Camphorata Supplementation on Anti-fatigue Effects in Rats
Authors: LIU Chieh Chung , LIN Chun Hong , HSIEH City C. , WEN Wu Che , KUO Mao Tien , TSAI Pu Hsi
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

This study investigated the effects of antrodia camphorata (AC) supplementation on anti-fatigue effects after a single bout of exhaustive exercise in rats. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (C, n=8); C with antrodia camphorata supplementation (A, n=8); exhaustive exercise (E, n=8); exhaustive exercise with AC supplementation (AE, n=8). Rats in groups A and AE received a 0.2 c.c. (kg/wt/day) AC supplementation for two weeks. Rats in groups E and AE performed an exhaustive running test on a treadmill at a final speed of 30m/min, 10% grade, at approximately 70-­75% VO2max. Blood samples of each rat were collected. The concentrations of glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), uric acid, creatinine, and creatine kinase (CK) in blood were examined. The results showed a significant increase in exhaustive exercise time of AE group (78.79±9.09 min) compared with E group (67.77±9.22 min). The activities of CK, LDH, and blood creatinine concentration significantly increased in exercised rats (1227.40±553.24 U/I, 2108.32±513.99 U/I, 0.76±0.19 mg/ dl) compared with control group rats (358.98±125.53 U/I, 956.89±597.13 U/I, 0.5±0.15 mg/dl) and AE group rats (774.13±203.38 U/I, 1300.93±513.99 U/I, 0.5±0.05 mg/dl). The glucose in the plasma significantly decreased in E group rats (133.88±61.84 mg/dl) compared with C group rats (209.63±69.13 mg/dl) and AE group rats(188.88±60.32 mg/dl). The results indicate that AC supplementation could decrease CK, LDH activities. It may help for anti-fatigue effects.

本研究的目的在探討，樟芝補充劑對老鼠經單次衰竭運動後對抗疲勞作用的影響，三十二隻老鼠隨機分配為以下四組：控制組(C, n=8) 、樟芝組(A, n=8，補充樟芝，沒有運動)、運動組(E, n=8)、樟芝運動組(AE, n=8，補充樟芝，有運動)，補充樟芝組(A & AE)的老鼠，每天補充每公斤體重0.2毫升的樟芝補充劑，持續兩週，衰竭運動組(E & AE)的老鼠需在鼠用跑步機上進行衰竭運動，運動強度約70~75%最大攝氧量，最終跑步機速度為30公尺/分鐘，坡度為10%。收集老鼠血液樣本，測量血糖、乳酸去氫酶、尿酸、肌酸酐、肌酸激酶。研究結果顯示AE組運動衰竭時間(78.79±9.09 min)顯著比E組(67.77±9.22 min)長。運動組(E)的肌酸激酶活性、乳酸去氫酶活性、肌酸酐(1227.40±553.24 U/I, 2108.32±513.99 U/I, 0.76±0.19 mg/dl)顯著比控制組(C)(358.98± 125.53 U/I, 956.89±597.13 U/I, 0.5±0.15 mg/dl)及樟芝運動組(AE)高(774.13±203.38 U/I, 1300.93±513.99 U/ I, 0.5±0.05 mg/dl)。運動組(E)血糖濃度(133.88±61.84 mg/dl)顯著比控制組(209.63±69.13 mg/dl)及樟芝運動組(188.88±60.32 mg/dl)低。研究結果表示樟芝補充能夠降低肌酸激酶活性及乳酸去氫酶活性，有助於抗疲勞的效用。
Perceptions of the Student Teaching Triad: An Inquiry into Relationships and Supervision
Authors: MURPHY Kelle L.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

The study was designed to examine the perceptions of relationships formed among members of the student teaching triad and to examine the perceptions of supervision of student teachers given by cooperating teachers and college supervisors. Participants (N = 24) included eight student teaching triads. The study was conducted over a 14-week student teaching experience. In-depth interviews and daily journals were employed as methods of data collection. It was found that training was not received by cooperating teachers and college supervisors and was based on experience. The coalition was formed between the student teacher and cooperating teacher. Expectations of cooperating teachers were higher and based on a pragmatic view whereas expectations of college supervisors were based on theory.

本文旨在探討實習教學與視學的關係，邀請得24位實習生進行14周的實習教學，初步結果顯示本科教師與大學講師對實習生存有不同的見解。
Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, Nutritional Habits, and Perceived Body Image Among Pacific Islanders in the Federated States of Micronesia
Authors: MURPHY Kelle L.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

The purpose of the study was to examine the physical activity levels, nutrition, and body image of participants from Yap Proper and the outer islands. A mixed methods design was utilized. Participants included 29 adults enrolled in an undergraduate Education degree program from two separate summer school classes: 19 adults from an Introductory Health and Wellness class and 12 adults from a PE Methods: Elementary class for classroom teachers. Three higher-order themes resulted from the analysis: Cultural Values, Body Image, and Westernization. Results from the nutrition logs indicated that participants preferred local grown foods and also consumed western imported foods available on the island. Daily step counts of participants ranged from a low of 190 steps on day one to a high of 12, 375 on day 28. By day 28, participants were walking between 3-6 miles per day. Additional exercise outside of walking was not performed by participants. The mean of Pre-BMI data were 31.91 and the mean for Post-BMI data were 31.97. Participants stated that they felt that their bodies were fat and that they were satisfied with that image. Participants also indicated that a higher importance in their culture was placed on obesity and that an obese body was associated with beauty and prosperity. Findings suggest that cultural beliefs contribute to obesity rates by affecting the type of physical activity that is performed due to gender-specific roles. Lack of access to a variety of nutritious foods also affects nutrition habits.

本文旨在探討太平洋島居民的體質指數、身體活動、營養攝取及身體形象。結果顯示文化因素是影響身體肥胖的原因。
Understanding Sport Participation Motivation and Barriers in Adolescent 11-17: An Introduction of Rowing Acitivity in Schools
Authors: NG Robert Siu Kuen
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

The purpose of this study is to identify the drivers and barriers perceived by the adolescents for their desire to participate in rowing activity. 1,333 secondary school students, including 762 boys, 565 girls, and 6 students whose gender are not specified, aged from 11 to 17 participated in the survey after taking a rowing promotion programme and an 1-min maximal rowing ergometer test. The findings highlight that the male adolescents have stronger desire in taking rowing activity, besides, the desire seems to decline with the age in both gender groups. The female adolescents emphasize the enjoyment they gained in rowing activity, while the male adolescents concern final achievements more. Lack of interest is the most stated reason for their no intention to start rowing activity. Recommendations are suggested to meet the different motivational demands by adjusting the contents of the promotion programme or providing various programmes.

本研究探討青少年在學校推廣賽艇活動之後，影響他們參與賽艇活動的意向及考慮因素。共1,333名中學生(762男，565女，6 位沒有填上性別)完成校內賽艇推廣活動之後進行問卷調查。研究發現: 1)男女生參與的意向隨著年紀增長而下降，男生參加賽艇活動的意向比女生大。2)男女生參與的原因分別是著重參與所得到的樂趣和運動成績。而他們提出不想參加賽艇活動的原因是不感興趣。提議: 在賽艇推廣活動中可調節內容和提供多元化的活動，從而迎合他們的不同需要。
School Physical Education and Physical Fitness: A Study of Secondary School Students in Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: MOSIDI Olefile , OWOLABI Emmanuel O.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

Physical Education (PE) was introduced into Botswana junior secondary schools as a curriculum subject eight years ago. Although it has the status of an optional subject, it appears to enjoy wide acceptability in many schools. One would normally expect the effects of participation in classroom physical education on students to depend on the PE curriculum’s physical activity contents and how these activity contents are implemented. The study was aimed assessing the role of school PE programme in Botswana secondary schools in promoting the physical fitness levels of students. It involved 300 male Junior secondary school students in Botswana. Twenty students each were selected from 15 schools. The 20 from each school comprised 10 second and third year students offering PE as a subject and another 10 from the same years not offering PE (Non-PE). The students from each school were randomly selected from among the regular recreation participants in each school. The details and demands of the study and tests were carefully explained to the students and their PE teachers after which the school’s PE teacher signed the informed consent form on behalf of the students. Data were collected on health Fitness components of body weight, BMI, Hand grip strength, flexibility, abdominal muscle endurance and cardio-respiratory endurance using established and acknowledged tests, instruments and protocols. Null hypothesis was set for each of the measured variables with the alpha level set at p<0.05. Data were analysed for means, standard deviations and the difference between groups’ means using the independent groups t test. The results showed that the PE group was significantly superior to the Non-PE group in grip strength, abdominal muscle endurance and cardio-respiratory endurance. The two groups were not significantly different in age, body weight, BMI and flexibility. It was concluded that participation in school PE among urban male junior secondary school students in Botswana enhanced selected physical fitness components. This enhancement could be specifically attributed to the regular participation in the physical activities inherent in the PE subject and/or the PE students’ increased and motivated participation in the schools’ recreational and sporting activities.

本文旨在探討非洲博茨瓦納學校體育和體適能，結果顯示學校體育有助提升學童的體適能，以及參與康體活動的動機。
Sport Satellite Channels and their Effect in Provoking Football Prejudice of the Public
Authors: Hassan Amro , Badran Ahmed
Published: March 2021

The research aims to present a social reading to recognize the sports satellites’ effect in provoking sports spectators prejudice, the researcher used the descriptive method surveys, and the research community included analyzing two programs of two sports satellites channels, namely: Nile Sport and Modern Sport, both are transmitted on Nile sat and not encrypted. The sample was selected randomly of 1040 spectators: 760 males and 280 females of sports fans watching football on Nile Sport and Modern Sport. In achieving the aim of the research, a tool was prepared and used by the researcher, namely: a football prejudice and sport satellite channels scale, the present research adopted data analysis by SPSS statistical program using and built football prejudice and sport satellite channels scale, that consisted of 23 items divided into two factors: Group I(football prejudice - 13 items)-Group II (the content of satellite sports channels provoking football prejudice -10 items). The most important results came in as follows:(a) Percentage of football prejudice in Group I (sport prejudice) 74.9% among males, while it was 73.7% among females - 76.4% according to the residence of the countryside, while it was 72.3% according to the residence of the countries. And according to the educational level they were as follows: without 71.1%, average 72.8%- above the average 73.8% - university 72.4%. (b) Percentage of football prejudice in Group II(the content of Satellite Sports channels provoking football prejudice) 62.5% among males, while it was 78.1% among females -62.8% according to the residence of the countryside, while it was 76.8% according to the residence of the countries and according to the educational level they were as follows: 66.3% without - 68.5% average - 69.0% above the average - 72.5% university. The researcher recommended using a scale of football prejudice and sports satellite channels; as well as paying attention to the content of satellite sports programs; so as to contribute to reducing the provoking of football prejudice of football public spectators.
Reconsideration of Motivational Theories in Sport: An Integrated Model
Authors: TENENBAUM Gershon , SUMMERS Jeff J.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.This article is proposed to develop an objective testing procedure which is believed to have predictive for measuring adherence, consistency, and performance in sport. The model and testing procedures are theoretically based, but the assessment procedures are new. They are aimed at replacing the introspective measures which have been in use for many years and found to be very insufficient in the sport milieu. Despite the conceptual development from trait personology to transactionism (person-task-environment) the introspective measures and their inherited biases were believed to be the main cause for failing to account for objective sport behaviours such as adherence, consistency, and performance (Auweele et al., 1993). In this article the authors extensively review the literature related to achievement and competitive behaviours and postulate an alternative model to better account for the development process of skilled athletic behaviours.本文作者建議製訂一套可供運動上的依附，穩定和表現等行為的客觀預測程序。所用的程序及模式雖源自理論基礎，但評核程序是新的。使用此法的目的在於取代在運動界採用多年但嫌不足的內省測量法。 縱使內省測量法的概念架構已由注重人格特質轉變為兼顧個人與工作和環境相互影嚮的關係模式，但其測量法本身存在的偏見卻被視為導致運動上的依附，穩定和表現等行為的預測不夠客觀的主要原因。透過有關成就與競賽行為方面的文獻的詳盡檢討和分析，作者提出一種更有效地評估運動行為的模式。
Parents’ and Pupils’ Perceptions towards the Implementation of Physical Education Homework in a Hong Kong Primary School
Authors: NG Siu Kuen Robert , SUM Kim Wai Raymond , NG Ching Kong , HO Shui Cheung , LAM Wai , TANG Wai Man
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

The implementation of Physical Education homework (PEHW) is new in Hong Kong. We examined the perception differences between a) parents and students; b) boys and girls towards PEHW in a primary school. Ninety students and 56 parents responded to a questionnaire after the completion of 1-week structured or unstructured compulsory PEHW daily which included aerobic, muscular and flexibility workout. T-test results showed that the students stated significantly lower levels of agreement than their parents regarding enjoyment of doing PEHW and the further organization of different PEHWs in school. No significant perception differences were reported between boys and girls towards the PEHW (p>0.05). Lack of time is the most frequently reason reported by the students and their parents as their intrapersonal barrier to participate in PEHW. Some incentives were suggested to promote the participation of PEHW. The present study suggests implementing PEHW with a reward scheme in Hong Kong.

小學四至六年級的學生完成一週強制性體育家課後，九十名學生和五十六名家長交回問卷回收率分別達94.2%和51.9%。T形檢驗結果顯示家長較學生贊成學校繼續組織及推行不同類型的體育家課。男女學童對體育家課的接受程度和各方面的反應是無明顯分別的。在開放式問題中，時間不足是最對學生參與體育家課的最大個人障礙。最後有多於三分之一的學生完成了餘下三週非強制性的體育家課。提議體育家課與獎勵計劃一起推行。
Value of a Coaching Internship: From the Students’ Perspective
Authors: BARNEY David , BONE Marie , HIGGINSON Kelsey , LEAVITT Teresa
Published: March 2021

For many college students completing their education, an internship is a requirement for graduation, the same is true for students that want to become coaches. Interview data from 21 college seniors (10 males & 11 females) at the conclusion of their coaching internship revealed that interns generally found their internship successful and valuable in their preparation to becoming a coach. During the interviews, the interns expressed the importance of communications with the athletes, parents, administrators and the public, the heavy time commitment of coaching, and the importance of relationships. The interns also, expressed a desire to mentor an intern someday when they are coaching.
use of Factor Analysis in Measuring Psychomotor Behaviour
Authors: LOUIE Lobo
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.With the aid of today's computer software, the use of factor analysis becomes popular in educational setting, especially in cognitive and affective domain. However, the factor-analytic technique has been extensively used by researchers in the psychomotor domain since 1970s. The present paper attempts to illustrate the basic theories and assumption of utilizing factor analysis and to demonstrate the user friendly procedures in order to measure psychomotor behaviour.一般使用因子分析法的敎育研究，多集中於在認知和情感範疇。本文章以簡易的電腦程式，説明如何使用因子分析法來量度心理肌動行為，並作出實際例子給讀者參考。
Rhythmic Stepping Test for Assessment of Aerobic Power - A Preliminary Report
Authors: LI Chi Kei , CHENG Wai Ming
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract in Chinese only.帶氧能力或心肺功能的測試在體適能測試中佔了一個重要席位，其測試的結果正是一個好的耐力指標。台階測試是其中一個帶氧能力測試方法。本 研究是根據Hatano's研究報吿作為基礎。目的在於探討台階測試運用於本地人口的可靠性。此外，又探討以台階測試來估計最高耗氧量的準確性。
Physical Education, Recreation, the Environment and Our Quality of Life
Authors: DEGRAAF Don
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.This paper examines the role of physical educators in promoting an environmental ethic in individuals by expanding the traditional model of body, mind and spirit to include the environment.本文章以傳統的「身心靈」概念，探討體育工作者在推動環境保護中的個人道德行為。
Senior Female Secondary School Students' Attitude Towards Physical Education in Hong Kong
Authors: CRUZ Alberto
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Few studies have attempted to study the perception of physical education of secondary school girls with 'non-participation' behaviours during physical education lessons. This paper tries to explore the differences of attitudes of 'non-participation' and 'ordinary' senior form school girls toward physical education in a single-sex school. Six students were purposely selected in the study. They were interviewed and invited to give comments on physical education in their school. Their behaviours in three physical education lessons were observed and recorded. Data in the study indicated that most students held 'sex stereotyped beliefs', however, only the 'non-participation' students showed alienated behaviours from the physical education lessons. Possible reasons for these were the difference between the 'non-participation' and 'ordinary' students on the perceived status and values of physical education within school. School administrators and physical educators should revise the school physical education curriculum and instructional behaviours in order to maintain the students interest and positive attitude toward physical education.本文嘗試探討高中女生對體育課的態度。六名於體育課"欠活躍"及"普通"態度的女生被揀選參與是項研究。她們分別接受訪問，研究員記錄她們對學校體育課的評論。研究員並觀察她們六人分別在三節體育課的行爲表現。數據顯示兩組同學大都持有"女性"觀念，而"欠活躍"同學更對體育課有不感興趣的行爲表現。其中可能的解釋是"欠活躍"及"普通" 同學對體育課持不同價値觀。學校行政人員及體育教師應改善學校體育課程及教學行爲去維持學生對體育課的興趣及存正面態度。
Profile of Job Satisfaction among Physical Education Teachers in Hong Kong and Their Intention to Change Jobs
Authors: NG Robert Siu Kuen
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to investigate the job satisfaction of Physical Education (P.E.) teachers in Hong Kong and their intention to stay or leave P.E. profession and teaching career. By means of proportional stratified random sampling, 400 questionnaires of Chinese version of Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and Job in General (JIG) were distributed to the full time Hong Kong P.E. teachers. Useable data from 181 respondents (62.4% from primary school teachers; 45.9% were male) representing 45.3% response rate. The .05 level was employed to evaluate the significance of the statistical relationships.68.5% and 79.6% of P.E. teachers were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied in the facets of 'present pay' and 'promotion', respectively. 26.0% (n=47; male=18, female=29) of the respondents reported not willing to teach P.E. within 5 years. 'Physical and mental exhaustion' (29.5%) and 'dislike of teaching P.E.' (27.3%) were the most commonly stated reasons. 17.7% (n=32; male=15, female=17) of the respondents intended to leave teaching profession within 5 years. Their stated reasons were 'physical and mental exhaustion' (24.0%), 'changing job' (24.0%) and 'migration' (20.0%). Low multiple R squares were found between JDI, JIG and the demographic data. Implications of the study and recommendations for further research were suggested.本文目的是探討香港體育教師工作滿足感的概況及其在五年內離職的意向。這項研究採用分層隨機抽樣寄出四百份調查問卷。在一九九六年四月至六月期間收回可應用的問卷共181份，回應率爲45.3%。研究結果顯示接近七成及八成體育教師分別不滿意或非常不滿意他們現在的薪酬及晉升機會。在未來五年內，打算不任教體育科的教師佔26.0%(男=18人；女=29 人；合共47人)，其原因爲身心筋疲力竭的佔29.5%，對任教體育科失去興趣的佔27.3%。此外，有17.7%(男=15人；女=17人；合共32人)的體育教師打算在未來五年內離職，他們所持的原因分別爲身心筋疲力竭和轉職的各佔24%，移民外國的佔20%。研究結果促請有關部門及主管儘早訂立長遠計劃改善體育教師的待遇，以維持和提高現有教師對工作的積極性，進而 提升教師的工作滿足感。
Concerns on the Pre-service and In-service Primary Physical Education Student Teachers
Authors: CRUZ Alberto , CHOW Edward W.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Teacher Concerns Questionnaire (TCQ) was administered to 75 Hong Kong pre-service and in-service student teachers of primary physical education prior to their teaching practice or the commencement of teaching supervision period. Results showed no significant differences in all concern scale scores between groups and the three-factor structure of TCQ could not be replicated. Recommendations for future research were made: First, a modified TCQ for physical educators needs to be specifically designed. Second, qualitative data should be collected for more in-depth study of teacher concerns. Third, longitudinal research design should be used. Fourth, other factors that are likely to influence teacher concerns should also be considered.75位職前及在職小學師訓體育敎師於實習/視導開始前填寫「敎師關注問題問卷」(TCQ)。結果顯示職前及在職小學師訓體育敎師關注的問題並無顯著差異。因素分析結果亦沒有出現TCQ的三因子結構。作者建議未來進行有關研究時應：（一）設計及採用專為探討體育敎師關注問題的問卷；（二）使用質的研究方法'更深入地探討敎師關注問題；（三）進行長期追縱研究；及（四）考慮其他可能影響敎師敎學關注問題的因素。
Physical Self-Efficacy of Post-Secondary Colleges Swimmers in Hong Kong
Authors: CHEUNG Siu Yin , NG IP Kit Wan Judy
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The subjects of this study were 121 (male = 76, female = 45) post secondary colleges swimmers. They ranged in age from 17 to 28 years (M = 20.36, SD = 1.59). The swimmers were divided into 3 groups according to the year of participation in swimming. The Physical self-efficacy scale (Ryckman, Robbins, Thornton & Cantrell, 1982) was administered and 2x3 ANOVA was utilized to analyze the mean difference in raw scores of the three dependant variables: Perceived physical ability (PPA), Physical self-presentation confidence (PSPC) and Physical self-efficacy (PSE). Results show that the PSPC and PSE scores of experienced swimmers are significantly higher than beginners. However, the PPA, PSPC and PSE scores of both males and females are similar.本研究邀請了一百二十一名香港大專游泳運動員(男=76，女=45)參加，他們的年齡是由17至28歲(平均年齡=20.36)。他們分別回答Rychman, Robbins, Thornton和Cantrell (1982)的身體自我效能問卷。根據運動員的比賽經驗分成三組，用2x3 ANOVA分析身體自我效能的三個因變數: 感覺身體能力(Perceived Physical Ability, PPA), 身體表現信心(Physical Self-presentation Confidence, PSPC)和身體自我效能(Physical Self-efficacy, PSE)。結果指出有經驗的運動員的身體表現信心(PSPC)和身體自我效能(PSE)的分數比初學者高，而男和女的和身體自我效能則分數相近。
Investigation of the Coaching Behaviours among Singapore Coaches
Authors: HASLAM Ian R. , SMITH Dan E.
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Athletic performance is the result of interactions among the athlete, coach and performance environment. Each of these factors is critical to performance outcomes. This study is designed to improve our understanding of these interactions, with a focus on coaching in Singapore. Salmela (1996) and colleagues (Cote & Dowd, 1996; Cote, Salmela & Russell, 1995 a, b) recently conducted an in-depth and extensive research project on Canadian expert coaches. The results have provided a knowledge base grounded in coach's realities. The qualitative data gained from expert coaches has lead to the development of a questionnaire, the Coaching Behaviour Scale (CBS) aimed at assessing coaching behaviours from the athletes perspective. Preliminary tests of the Scale reveals most of the subscales to have a high degree of internal consistency and that the factor structure approximates the original theoretical framework. These are preliminary findings and there is need to develop the scale further. The purpose of this study is broadly two fold. Firstly the study will contribute to the on going validation of the CBS developed by Cote and Yardley from Brock University in Canada secondly, it will serve as a preliminary study of the coaching behaviours and overall coaching characteristics of Singapore national coaches.運動的成功之道有乃運動員本身、敎練員及其他環境因素的配合。本研究針對上述各因素之間的關係，探討星加坡敎練員在這方面的行為表現。並從運動員的層面，以敎練行為調查表來評估敎練員的行為，初步資料顯示出敎練行為調查表具備充分的可靠度，有效作為深入研究之用。
Do Levels of Physical Activity among Pupils in Primary and Secondary Schools Explain the Number of Hours of Computer Use?
Authors: CHIA Michael , LEE Bervyn
Published: March 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of the study was to examine if the levels of physical activity predict the number of hours of computer use among pupils of healthy body weight from primary and secondary schools in Singapore. 120 primary school participants (mean age: 10.6 yrs) and 120 secondary school participants (mean age: 18.8 yrs), with the appropriate consents were involved in the study. Information number of hours of computer use, computer accessibility, how it is used for work and leisure and self-reported levels of current physical activity was gleaned from questionnaire responses Results showed that the number of hours spent per week using the computer increased with age (6.0±5.0 vs. 8.6±7.7 hrs, p
SELF-REGULATION OF PERSONALITY AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Denis Olena
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the essence of the concept of «self-regulation» and «self-regulation of personality». The
current state of the problem self-regulation of personality is considered in the following positions: functions or
properties of self-organized systems; complex multilevel systemic education; development of conscious self-regulation
in activity and also this concept was studied in the aspect - "personality-activity". The current state of the problem of
self-regulation of personality has been considered on the basis of existing scientific approaches such as subject-activity
approach through understanding of conscious self-regulation of activity as a system-organized process of internal
mental activity of man for initiation, construction, support and management of various types and forms of arbitrary
activity that directly implements the achievement of goals that are accepted by man; structural-functional approach
through self-regulation of arbitrary activity, which is characterized as the ability of the subject and as a process.
Scientific concepts are of considerable interest for our study that have developed within the framework of: systemactivity concept of self-regulation of the state, in which self-regulation is characterized as an activity and as a state;
the concept of individual style of self-regulation of arbitrary human activity; concepts that develop a view of selfregulation as a hierarchically organized system, which involves processes of different levels of individuality. A
theoretical analysis of the problem of formation of the concept of «self-regulation of personality» in the scientific
literature of various fields of knowledge has been done. A retrospective of scientific research on personality selfregulation is revealed: from understanding it as the most important explanatory principle in the system approach based
on theories of functional systems as abilities and properties of the individual organism, to studying this category as a
process and independent activity in functional state regulation. The basic conceptual positions, directions of researches
and formation of the basic scientific concepts are considered. The basic conceptual positions and directions of
researches in which the basic concepts from a researched problem are formulated are considered. Mechanisms of
personality self-regulation such as self-esteem, level of one's own aspirations, self-control, reflection, self-stimulation
are revealed.
Letrero de plataforma del apeadero La Cumbre
Authors: Ares Fabio Eduardo
Published: March 2021

Un letrero ferroviario situado en el perímetro de la traza histórica de la ciudad de La Plata despierta los sentidos del observador. En la inmediatez, el objeto se constituye en señal y se aleja del sistema identificador que supo integrar. A la vez, elementos como tiempo, lugar y materialidad completan su aura para transformarlo en símbolo mediante un proceso mistificador, que lo ubica como hito urbano y representante de la identidad barrial.