bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphology of seeds and seedlings, and substrates in germination of Citrus limetta
Authors: Ragagnin Angelita Lorrayne Soares Lima , Rodrigues Cláudia Dayane Marques , Costa Gabriel Silva , Silva Givanildo Zildo da , Machado Carla Gomes , Cruz Simério Carlos da Silva , Silva Danielle Fabíola Pereira da
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT: This research studied the morphology of seeds and seedlings, in addition to obtaining information about the type and time of germination of sweet lemon seeds in five substrates (on blotting paper, between blotting paper, on washed sterilized sand, between washed sterilized sand and in paper roll). C. limetta seeds were measured, and external description was performed. Afterwards, sown in the sand and kept at 25 ºC to monitoring germination and morphological description of the resulting seedlings. A second experiment was evaluated for substrate efficiency: paper roll, on and between paper, on and between sand in the germination of C. limetta seeds. Speed index, average time and relative frequency of germination were evaluated. In addition, date of the first and last germination count was established. Treatment averages were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. C. limetta seeds are ovoid, slightly wrinkled and polyembryonic. Germination is hypogeal, cryptocotylar or phanerocotylar. The seedlings have leathery eophylls with simple leaves, elliptical shape or close to the elliptical, tending to ovate. It has a pivoting root system that is colored yellow to cream with the presence of secondary roots. The average germination time is between 18 and 22 days. The substrate indicated for seed germination is on paper.
Análise espacial da taxa de detecção de casos suspeitos de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika, Maranhão, 2015 a 2018
Authors: Falcão Neto Paulo Afonso de Oliveira , Branco Maria dos Remédios Freitas Carvalho , Costa Silmery da Silva Brito , Câmara Ana Patrícia Barros , Marques Thayná Millena Nunes França , Araujo Adriana Soraya , Loureiro Flávia Helen Furtado , Dias Júnior José de Jesus , Silva Maria do Socorro da , Queiroz Rejane Christine de Sousa , Ribeiro Marizélia Rodrigues Costa , Kulkarni Manisha Ann , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da , Santos Alcione Miranda dos
Published: February 2022

RESUMO: Objetivo: Identificar padrões espaciais em casos de lactentes com alterações de crescimento e desenvolvimento relacionadas à infecção pelo vírus Zika e outras etiologias infecciosas (neste trabalho denominado de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika), notificados no Maranhão de 2015 a 2018 e sua relação com variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de casos suspeitos notificados de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika nos 217 municípios do Maranhão, Brasil. Calculou-se a autocorrelação espacial pelos índices de Moran local e global (I) univariado e bivariado da taxa de detecção de casos suspeitos de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika com índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal, densidade demográfica, índice de Gini e tempo de emancipação político-administrativa dos municípios. O índice de Moran local foi calculado para localizar clusters com autocorrelação espacial significativa. Resultados: Houve autocorrelação espacial na análise univariada da taxa municipal de detecção de casos suspeitos de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika (I=0,494; p=0,001) e, na análise bivariada, correlação positiva da taxa de detecção de casos suspeitos com índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal (I=0,252; p=0,001), densidade demográfica (I=0,338; p=0,001) e tempo de emancipação dos municípios (I=0,134; p=0,001). Não houve correlação significativa da taxa de detecção de casos suspeitos com o índice de Gini (I= -0,033; p=0,131). Cinco clusters de alta detecção de casos suspeitos foram encontrados em áreas distintas do estado. Conclusões: Os municípios com maior índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal, maior densidade demográfica e mais tempo de emancipação político-administrativa tiveram mais casos suspeitos notificados de síndrome congênita pelo vírus Zika.
Lung cancer mortality trends in Mexico, 1998–2018: the impact of the General Law on Tobacco Control
Authors: Torres-Domínguez Juan Alejandro , Betancourt Alejandro Mohar , Mejía Lina Sofía Palacio , Noverón Nancy Reynoso
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to describe trends in lung cancer (LC) mortality and trends in tobacco use. Methods: This is an ecological time-series study to determine mortality trends due to lung cancer resulting from tobacco consumption, based on secondary open-access sources, such as the National Surveys. Smoking prevalence, tobacco use trends, mortality rates, and percentage were determined by LC. The mortality trend from LC was calculated, and a linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of the General Law for Tobacco Control. Results: The prevalence of tobacco use decreased steadily between 1988 and 2015, particularly in men. Mortality rates and percentage decreased between 1998 and 2018. During this period, the mortality rate decreased from 6.3 to 5.4 per 100,000 population (−0.032/100,000 each year, p<0.001), with a net decrease of 0.9 per 100,000. We observe increases in mortality in women in the central and southeastern regions. Of 32 states, 18 showed a tendency to loss (p<0.005). The rate of change for men was −0.24, with a total reduction of 2.17 before the introduction of the laws and −0.32 after their introduction, a total reduction of 3.24 (p<0.005). Women showed no reduction. Conclusions: Mortality rates showed a limited decrease. Strategies need to be strengthened, mainly in the central and southeastern regions, and to focus on the control of tobacco use by women.
Ассортативность браков по уровню образования: изменения в связи с экспансией высшего образования в России
Authors: Зинченко Дарья Игоревна
Published: February 2022

Работа посвящена изучению связи между охватом высшим образованием, динамикой его расширения, усилением гендерного дисбаланса в образовательной структуре населения и брачным поведением мужчин и женщин. Для анализа использованы несколько взаимодополняющих источников данных: РМЭЗ ВШЭ (Российский мониторинг экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ), Обследование рабочей силы и расчетные данные Росстата о численности постоянного населения за 1995-2015 гг. При построении мультиномиальной логистической модели эффект образования мы рассматриваем как на микроуровне (в качестве индивидуальной характеристики человека), так и на макроуровне (в терминах социально-демографических структур региональных брачных рынков). Проведенный анализ показал, что для мужчин получение высшего образования увеличивает вероятность состоять в браке, а для женщин – не снижает ее. Региональные характеристики слабо коррелируют с брачным статусом мужчин и женщин, но оказывают значимое воздействие на ассортативность браков. Среди женского населения гендерный дисбаланс в образовательной структуре населения в пользу является важным фактором распространения эгалитарного паттерна избирательности, в котором муж менее образован, чем жена. Мужчины на усиление образовательного дисбаланса в пользу женщин реагируют так же, как и женская часть населения, но с противоположным знаком. Они смещают предпочтения от брака, в котором жена имеет такой же уровень образования, в пользу союза с более образованной партнершей, потенциально имеющей более высокие доходы. Охват высшим образованием населения региона сказывается только на избирательности браков мужчин: снижает вероятность союза с менее образованной женщиной. Ассортативность браков для обоих полов не зависит от темпов экспансии высшего образования.
Convertible loan agreement
Authors: Kachalova A. V.
Published: February 2022

The subject of this article is a convertible loan agreement. The article offers an analysis of the legal nature of the convertible loan agreement, its subject, subject composition, content. The consequences of concluding a convertible loan agreement for a borrower business company are investigated. Alternative mechanisms of financing the activities of a business company are considered. The assessment of the applied value of the convertible loan agreement is given. It is noted that the convertible loan agreement should be considered as an independent civil law agreement, which includes elements of a number of civil law transactions, which, in cases established by law, is an optional element of a corporate legal relationship, aimed at its dynamics (occurrence or change), providing for the right of the lender, instead of returning all or part of the loan amount and paying all or part of the interest for using the loan upon the onset of the term and (or) other circumstances provided for by this agreement, to demand from the business company — the borrower’s participation in its authorized capital.
Doctor Williamson. Cerebrospinal fluid in progressive paralysis and syphilis of the nervous system. The cerebro-spinal fluid in general paralysis and the neurol. lues. — The journal of mental science, 1909
Authors: Kovalevsky Pavel I.
Published: February 2022

The author studied the cerebrospinal fluid of progressive paralytics, syphilitics, mentally ill and healthy people. The conclusions of his work are as follows: For the diagnosis, chemical analysis provides little valuable data - they indicate only a general disease, without specifying it. The only thing that can be said with more certainty is that in progressive paralysis, certain changes are observed more often than in other mental illnesses. Only Wassermann's reaction is certain. It indicates the presence of syphilis. However, the same reaction indicates tremonema pallida, trypanosema and malaria.
Dr. Griffith. Thoughts of Suicide Thougst on Suicede, — The alienist and neurologist, 1909
Authors: Kovalevsky Pavel I.
Published: February 2022

The author's opinion on suicide is of interest because the author himself attempted suicide twice. Suicide is a fairly common occurrence. In the United States, 125 suicides are committed daily. In some cases, suicides are committed quickly, immediately upon the appearance of an impulse to commit suicide; in another case, the impulse lasts two or three years, until it is expressed in its final form. In these cases, the time, place, circumstances and conditions of the situation for the production of the act are carefully weighed.
Mulheres sob escombros n’A cidade de Ulisses / Women under ruins in A cidade de Ulisses
Authors: Jacob Livia Penedo
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Após uma década de publicação, o premiado A cidade de Ulisses (2011) confirma a análise de Gomes, para quem “Teolinda Gersão é uma das escritoras que mais tem contribuído para a renovação do romance contemporâneo em Portugal” (GOMES, 1993, p. 82). Nesse artigo, buscaremos analisar a obra a partir dos pressupostos legados por esse teórico, investigando, ainda, a ekphrasis com que Teolinda evoca, nas artes plásticas, o imaginário mítico acerca de Ulisses, suposto fundador da cidade de Lisboa. A fim de compreender a relação que o romance estabelece com as artes visuais contemporâneas, utilizaremos o embasamento teórico de Canclini (2016) e Latour (2009). Interessa, ainda, compreender uma questão central para a construção dessa narrativa: a negação da maternidade e o controle dos corpos femininos pela sociedade ocidental, em consonância com as teorias de Kitzinger (1996), Woolf (1992) e Beauvoir (1970). Por fim, veremos, por meio dessa análise, como a obra de Gersão aponta para a transmutação da realidade em outros mundos possíveis.Palavras-chave: literatura portuguesa; estudos de gênero; ekphrasis; maternidade; Teolinda GersãoAbstract: After a decade, the awarded A Cidade de Ulisses (2011) still confirms Gomes’ analysis, for whom “Teolinda Gersão is one of the writers who has most contributed to renew Portuguese contemporary novel” (GOMES, 1993, p. 82). This article aims at analysing this book based on Gomes’ theory, also investigating how Teolinda Gersão evokes the notion ekphrasis in correspondence with arts and the character of Ulysses, the founder of Lisbon, according to the myth. In order to understand the relationship that the novel establishes with contemporary visual arts, we will use the theoretical basis of Canclini (2016) and Latour (2009). Finally, it is interesting to understand a key issue of this narrative: the denial of motherhood and the control of female bodies by Western society, in dialogue with the assumptions held by Kitzinger (1996), Woolf (1992) and Beauvoir (1970). Finally, this analysis shows how Gersão’s novels demonstrate that the creation of other possible worlds is possible.Keywords: Portuguese literature; gender studies; ekphrasis; motherhood; Teolinda Gersão
Análisis de la fatiga muscular en el biceps mediante una arquitectura de bajo coste basada en Arduino-eHealth
Authors: Aracil-Gómez Jorge , Azorín José M. , Iáñez Eduardo
Published: February 2022

En este trabajo se ha realizado un análisis de la fatiga muscular mediante una arquitectura de bajo coste. Ésta está basada en Arduino y eHealth. Uno de los objetivos principales ha sido el de realizar todo el procesamiento en tiempo real dentro de la propia arquitectura utilizando Matlab únicamente como medio de visualización y envío de ordenes simples. Para analizar las señales musculares se ha realizado un ajuste exponencial para determinar la fatiga obteniendo resultados satisfactorios.
Knowledge and attitude towards surrogacy in medical students of Yarsi university and its review in the views of Islam
Authors: Basbeth Ferryal , Hilmi Rangga I. , Qomariyah R S , . Zuhroni
Published: February 2022

Background: According to Clara Watson, surrogacy is the practice of a woman bearing a child for another woman with the aim of giving the baby to its biological mother on birth. One of the reasons for surrogacy is the person preferring to be single while wanting to have a baby of his/her own. The practice is prevalent abroad. Some countries have prohibited surrogacy while few others have legalized it. In the view of Islam, the practice is forbidden. Purpose: To know the knowledge and attitude of Medical Students of YARSI University class of 2015 about surrogacy. Method: The research method used was descriptive crosssectional study. Purposive sampling method was used for this purpose. Result: A total of 180 students participated in the study. The results of knowledge regarding surrogate mother were good (27.2%), knowledgeable enough (51.1%), less knowledgeable (27.2%) and the majority (52.8%) had an attitude not approving of the practice of surrogate mother. Conclusion: In this research the majority of students from the Medical Faculty, YARSI University class of 2015 had sufficient knowledge and an attitude that is not approving of the practice of surrogate mother. In the Islamic view, all forms of surrogate mother are forbidden. Surrogacy by sperm or ovum donation from another person or a husband who has died is forbidden because it will cause nasal (family lineage) mixing and will trigger a dispute that is not in accordance with Islamic law.
Autopsy as well as Nano-technological Study of a Suicide by Firearm
Authors: Pathak Manoj K. , Rai Srishti
Published: February 2022

Background: The case brought to the department was of a 34 years old man, he had a history of alcohol and drug abuse. He had shot himself in the forehead with an unlicensed locally made firearm. The family members were reluctant in giving any further information and said they had no idea why he committed suicide. Case Report: A thorough post-mortem examination was conducted in the Mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (IMS BHU). Ballistic findings as well as gunshot residue (GSR), were collected to support the claim of suicide. SEM-EDXA was performed on the collected hand swab. Conclusion: It is important to state the manner of death, in any case, to provide justice to the deceased and hold the indictable person accountable. To prevent such suicides by the use of improvised firearms, strict and stringent laws should be formulated on the manufacturing and sales of such firearms.
Assessing the Use of a Video to Teach the Laplace Expansion Theorem in Higher Education
Authors:   the CIICESI - Center for Research and Innovation in Business Sciences and Information Systems School of Management and Technology (ESTG) of Porto Polytechnic Institute (IPP), 4610-156, Felgueiras, Portugal, Costa Sidonie F.
Published: February 2022

The increasing use of learning videos in Higher Education (HE) have revolutionizing the traditional teaching environment. b-Mat@plicada is a b-Learning Mathematics course mainly composed of educational videos that the HE students of a Portuguese Institution can used for their study as a complement of the face-to-face lectures. In a previous research, an experiment was performed in the classroom context, where 49 HE students watched the b-Mat@plicada video on Matrix Multiplication as replacement of the traditional face-to-face explanation. Then, they were asked to solve individually an exercise, and respond to a survey assessing attitudes, perception, and satisfaction. In the present study, 63 HE students participated to a similar experiment with the b-Mat@plicada video on the Laplace Expansion Theorem, where a specific didactical approach is used. Beyond the comparison between the results of the two experiments, the findings of this study revealed that most students achieved the leaning objectives and appreciated the quality of the video in terms of image, sound, clarity and useless. The necessity of video contents in teaching was also expressed, mainly to clarify doubts and remember contents. However, all students considered that videos cannot replace traditional face-to-face classrooms, mainly due to the importance of the Teacher-Student dialogue.
Maternal and neonatal outcome in COVID-19 infection - A tertiary care centre study
Authors: Ilakkiya M , Priya S Senthil , Jeyamani B
Published: February 2022

With exponential increase in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2/COVID-19) worldwide Pregnant women and their fetuses are more susceptible to infection and poor outcomes. The risks to the mother appear to increase during the last trimester. The aim of this study was to summarize the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 during labour.

Eligibility criteria includes pregnant women positive for COVID-19 during the time of labour as detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or dual fluorescence PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

A total of 30 pregnant women positive for COVID-19 as confirmed by RT-PCR, were included in the study. 14 cases (46.6%) had preterm deliveries and LSCS was the preferred mode of delivery in 12 of 30 i.e., 40% cases. There was a tendency for low Apgar score at birth, higher rates of IUD, fetal distress, NICU admissions. There was 5 IUD and one neonatal death.

This study confirms that COVID-19 infection during pregnancy increases the risk of several adverse outcomes, including slightly higher rates of caesarean section, low birth weight, Preterm birth, IUGR, fetal distress, NICU admissions. Proper antenatal care, vaccination against COVID-19 for pregnant and lactating mothers should be encouraged to Prevent further spread of infection. Early diagnosis, referral and emergency management should be done to safeguard both mother and fetus.
Алгоритмизация принятия решений при многовариантном выборе структуры цифрового управления логистическим процессом с использованием бикритериальной оптимизации
Authors: Борзова А.С. , Муха В.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье предлагается алгоритмизация принятия решений при многовариантном выборе структуры цифрового управления логистическим процессом в организационной системе с использованием бикритериальной оптимизации. Многовариантность выбора является одной из характерных особенностей цифровизации логистического процесса. Разнообразие вариантов определяется структурой взаимодействия цифровых средств управления, используемых на уровне управляющего центра и объектов организационной системы. При этом возможны два фиксированных варианта структуры управления. Централизованное и децентрализованное. Необходимость выбора наилучшего варианта приводит к бикритериальной оптимизационной модели с ограничениями на множестве альтернативных переменных. Для алгоритмизации принятия управленческого решения на основе построенных оптимизационных моделей целесообразно использовать трехуровневый итерационный процесс рандомизированного поиска, совмещенный с экспертным оцениванием на основе визуальных образов.
О цели профессиональной подготовки кадров: познание или знание
Authors: Демидько Е.В.
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена актуальной сегодня проблеме конкретизации целевых функций системы профессиональной подготовки кадров: дать необходимые для профессиональной деятельности знания или обучить методологии познания объективных закономерностей профессиональной сферы деятельности. Автор подчеркивает, что без такой конкретизации невозможно сформировать как соответствующие функции структуру, содержание и технологию учебного процесса, так и определить адекватные для каждого из направлений обучающихся требования.
Некоторые вопросы вступления прокурора в процесс для дачи заключения по гражданскому делу
Authors: Зайцева В.А.
Published: February 2022

В данной статье проведен правовой анализ процессуальной формы участия прокурора в гражданском судопроизводстве посредством вступления в процесс для дачи заключения по делу. Особое внимание уделено целесообразности такого участия. Анализ научной литературы позволил определить прокурора применительно к гражданскому процессу как должностное лицо прокуратуры, уполномоченное гарантировать законность действий всех участников процесса, правильность решений, принятых судом, устранять всякие нарушения закона, оказывать суду помощь в осуществлении правосудия. Данная тема требует длительного осмысления.
Проблемы и особенности использования свидетельских показаний в гражданском процессе
Authors: Кетух М.К.
Published: February 2022

В статье приводятся дискуссионные мысли на тему, посвященную проблемам, с которыми приходится сталкиваться всем органам и лицам, участвующим в судебном разбирательстве при работе со свидетельскими показаниями, которые могут являться распространенным средством доказывания в гражданском процессе. В ходе рассмотрения особенностей любых дел судопроизводство, как правило, вместе с прочими доказательствами применяет и показания со стороны свидетелей. В статье дается анализ законодательных норм, исследуются и рассматриваются методы борьбы с лжесвидетельством. В заключении делается вывод о том, что данное средство доказывания следует применять крайне осторожно, так человеческий фактор может повлиять на те или иные аспекты дачи показаний. Поэтому информацию свидетелей нужно сопоставлять с другими средствами доказывания, так как по своей правовой природе данное средство доказывания не бесспорно и зачастую подвергается критике.
Повышение эффективности обеспечения пожарной безопасности торговоразвлекательных центров путем внедрения системы автоматической противопожарной защиты
Authors: Урбан А.А.
Published: February 2022

В настоящей статье рассматриваются требования к установкам водяного пожаротушения, в связи с тем, что на сегодняшний день возросшие требования к вопросам пожарной безопасности торгово- развлекательных центров вызывают необходимость разработки мероприятий по защите их от пожаров, установки водяного пожаротушения позволяют обеспечить пожарную безопасность и эффективное устранение последствий возгорания за относительно короткий отрезок времени.
Применение чат-ботов в государственном и муниципальном управлении
Authors: Ласточкина Е.А. , Белоусова К.О. , Перова М.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены результаты анализа возможностей чат-ботов в государственном управлении, их актуальность в современном мире и определены основные проблемы их применения.
Reviewing blunt abdominal injuries in the National Trauma Registry of Iran
Authors: Salamati Payman , Baigi Vali
Published: February 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Effect of Protected Calcium Salts of Fatty Acid-Amino Acid on Growth Rate of Young Ongole Crossbred Bulls
Authors: Antari R. , . Mariyono , Anggraeny Y.N. , Krishna N.H. , Putri A.S. , Ulum M.F. , Wina E.
Published: February 2022

Background: Protected calcium salts-fatty acid-amino acid supplement contains high-density of energy that can be used as cattle feed. This study aimed to test the efficacy of the supplements in the growth rate of young Ongole crossbred bulls. Methods: Thirty Ongole crossbred bulls (345±14 kg; live weight±SEm) were ranked and blocked based on liveweight and randomly allotted to one of three supplement levels (A: null 0 g/kg; B: 0.3 g/kg and C: 0.6 g/kg LWs) and 10 replicates. All bulls were offered elephant grass and a concentrate diet containing 12% crude protein and 65% of total digestible nutrients. The parameters were liveweight gain, hip height gain, body condition score, feed conversion ratio, plasma fat and glucose concentrations, back fat and muscle depth. Result: There was no significant difference in feed intake among treatment groups (P greater than 0.05). All bulls ate around 11 kg/d on a DM basis, equal to around 2.8% LW. Bulls in C group were heavier and gained more weight (P less than 0.05) and required less feed/kg LWG. The depths of backfat and muscle depth were no differences between treatments (P greater than 0.05). The inclusion of 0.6 g/kg LW of the supplement improve the growth rate of young Ongole crossbred bulls.
The Relationship between Pollen Viability and Filled Grains in Native Indonesian Rice Cultivars under High Temperature at Flowering Stage
Authors: Zakaria Sabaruddin , Rustam Edwar , Basyah Bakhtiar , Kurniawan Trisda
Published: February 2022

Background: The research was conducted to screen rice cultivars with resistance ability to high-temperature conditions and analyze the relationship between pollen viability and filled grain of native Indonesia rice cultivars. Methods: The rice seeds were germinated, sown into a tray and then transplanted into pots filled with sandy loam and compost 3:1. After 20% of flowering, four pots of each cultivar were kept under ambient temperature (28-32°C) and the other four pots were transferred to high-temperature (33-38°C) conditions. Pollen stainability and pollen germination were conducted using IKI solution and by germinating them under in vitro conditions respectively before being viewed under the light microscope. Yield characters were analyzed to obtain a relationship with pollen viability. Result: Percentage of pollen germination, filled and empty grains of rice cultivars significantly differed between the two conditions by t-test. Ciherang and Sigeudop were two resistant cultivars for high-temperature treatment, with filled grain percentage more than 85%. There was a strong relationship between pollen germination and filled grains at ambient temperature (r=0.95; p less than 0.01) and high temperature (r=0.94; p less than 0.01). Rice cultivars that show high pollen germination under high-temperature conditions would produce a high percentage of filled grains.
Performance of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Cultivars under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions
Authors: Csajbók József , Kutasy Erika Tünde , Melash Anteneh Agezew , Virág István Csaba , Ábrahám Éva Babett
Published: February 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of selected soybean varieties under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Methods: A split-plot field experiment was conducted with 11 soybean cultivars on chernozem soil under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions during 2017-2019. There were four replications. The LAI, NDVI values, plant height, number of nodes, the height of the lowest pod, seed yield, protein yield, moisture, protein and oil content of the seeds were observed. Result: In the 3 years there were significant differences in LAI among the varieties, Isidor (2017: 9.2, 2018: 15.0 m2m-2) and Bólyi 612 (2019: 9.5 m2m-2) showed the highest LAI. Irrigation significantly increased the LAI (24.1%) and height of the soybean (9.83%) on average of the years. NDVI values were not affected by the irrigation in this experiment, not even in the droughty 2017 year. Seed yield was not increased by the irrigation in 2017 and 2018, the difference was significant only in 2019. Irrigation increased the protein content by 3.9%. There were significant differences in the protein content and protein yield of the genotypes in all three years. On average of the 3 years, Isidor produced the highest protein yield (1659.3 kg ha-1).
Covid-19’un Öğrencilerin Stres, Anksiyete, Depresyon, Korku Düzeylerine Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: DİDİN Müşerref , YAVUZ Betül , GEZGİN YAZICI Havva
Published: February 2022

Bu araştırmada, Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde öğrencilerin stres, anksiyete, depresyon, korku düzeyleri ve ilişkili faktörleri, literatür taraması yaparak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, 27.12.2019-30.12.2020 tarihleri arasında elektronik veri tabanları “Covid-19, pandemi, ruh sağlığı, öğrenciler”, “Covid-19, pandemic, mental health, students” anahtar sözcükleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Tarama sonucunda 562 çalışmaya ulaşılmış olup 22 makale çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Yaş aralığı 14-33 arasında olan öğrencilerin anksiyete, korku ve depresyon düzeyinin, cinsiyet, hastalık durumu, enfeksiyon bulaşma kaygı düzeyi, hastalık ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi, koruyucu ekipmanların yeterliliği, aile yapısı, ekonomik şartlar, sosyal destek düzeyi, ebeveynler ile yaşama durumu, hastalığa bakış açısı ve madde kullanımı ile ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar, genellikle öğrencilerin orta düzeyde anksiyete yaşadığını göstermektedir. Korku, depresyon ve stres düzeyleri ise çalışmalarda farklılık göstermektedir. Kızlarda anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyi erkeklere göre daha yüksektir.
Social Assistance Systems in Crisis Situations: Resilient, Responsive and Sensitive?
Authors: Slater Rachel , Longhurst Daniel
Published: February 2022

Evidence on what enables social assistance systems to deliver routinely, effectively and efficiently is limited in crisis situations. Shock-responsive social protection (SRSP) and adaptive social protection (ASP) have become popular in global and national development discourses. Yet, their operationalisation in protracted crises is narrow and less well understood. Regarding SRSP, focus has shifted towards how existing social protection programmes might be scaled and flexed in crisis situations. However, the focus seems fixed entirely on what makes social protection and humanitarian assistance responsive – to the detriment of understanding what makes those systems resilient and able to maintain business continuity in protracted crises. Little attention is paid to how to sustain delivery of existing programmes, on which millions of poor and vulnerable households depend.
Accountability in Crises: Connecting Evidence From Humanitarian and Social Protection Approaches to Social Assistance
Authors: Seferis Louisa , Harvey Paul
Published: February 2022

Social assistance in crises, whether part of a social protection system or driven by humanitarian needs, provides crucial support to people affected by disaster and conflict. Accountability is a central component of delivering effective social assistance. The increasing emphasis on reinforcing social protection in fragile contexts and the Grand Bargain ‘participation revolution’ workstream suggest the need for a fresh look at accountability frameworks and how they play out in practice for the people they aim to serve. Approaches to accountability are usually researched and analysed separately as part of social protection, humanitarian, or governance (citizenship) responses in fragile contexts. This brief therefore seeks to connect evidence from humanitarian and development accountability approaches to better understand the linkages and disconnects, as well as to identify opportunities for future research and learning.
Effect of Sales Growth, Profitability and Company Size on Tax Avoidance with Institutional Ownership as Moderating Variable
Authors: Utami Putri Puji , Ernandi Herman
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of sales growth, profitability, and firm size on tax avoidance with institutional ownership as a moderating variable. This study consists of three independent variables, namely sales growth (X1), profitability (X2), and firm size (X3) with the dependent variable being tax avoidance (Y), and the moderating variable, namely institutional ownership (Z). This study uses 20 samples of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector during 2017-2019 using the purposive sampling method with data obtained from the annual reports of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis technique used multiple linear analysis on the SPSS 18 application and moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results of this study are sales growth moderated by institutional ownership has no significant effect on tax avoidance, profitability moderated by institutional ownership has no significant effect on tax avoidance and firm size moderated by institutional ownership has a significant effect on tax avoidance.
Financial Accountability in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Sector During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sari Mayang Novita , Biduri Sarwenda , Hermawan Sigit
Published: February 2022

This study aims to find out how financial accountability is in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises sector during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research was conducted on 4 MSMEs located in Wunut village, Porong district, Sidoarjo regency. The four MSMEs that are used as objects in this research are Bags and Wallets MSMEs where each of these MSMEs has produced quite a lot of goods every day. In addition to selling local products that are quite attractive to buy, these MSMEs have also been running their business for a long time. There are even some of these MSMEs which are hereditary. However, MSMEs in Wunut village are run without any accounting activity in it. Some of the MSMEs that have been interviewed by researchers admit that they have not implemented financial accountability in the business they run. This study seeks to understand the form of financial accountability carried out by the MSME sector during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was conducted using a qualitative method using an interpretive paradigm. The results of research on financial accountability in the MSME sector are mostly not standardized and are in the form of single entry accounting.
Instructional Leadership Style at MAN 1 Samarinda
Authors: Suratman Suratman
Published: February 2022

The aim of this research is to describe instructional leadership as one of the leadership styles in the context of Madrasah Aliyah teaching and learning, typically at MAN 1 Samarinda, East Kalimantan. In-depth interviews with the school principal and representative teachers from all levels were conducted in order to dig information regarding the research focus. Additionally, document analysis is also used to support the findings gained from in-depth interviews specifically related to the document of school vision and mission and supervision of teachers' performance. As a result, three dimensions of instructional leadership exist in the implementation of instructional leadership at MAN 1 Samarinda, i.e. the school principal supports in terms of the implementation of school vision and mission, management of school program, and positive teaching and learning climate. Even though this research gains positive results regarding with the implementation of instructional leadership, some previous studies in this research reveal that there are quite many formal schools who are still lack of knowledge concerning with leadership styles especially instructional leadership. Therefore, the pedagogical implication of this research findings drives the involvement of the government in supporting school principal in any formal institution, especially in enriching their knowledge in implementing appropriate leadership styles. Research novelty and pedagogical implications are discussed further in this research.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Lagos and IIUM Models of Islamic Teacher Preparation
Authors: Rufai Saheed Ahmad
Published: February 2022

The Muslim world has witnessed the emergence of several Islamic-based institutes and universities in the last four decades, in keeping with some of the recommendations of the World Conferences on Muslim Education. Yet there has not been a comprehensive study of the system as operated in various contemporary Muslim settings, with a view to assessing the degree of its adequacy and efficacy. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a comparative evaluation of the Bachelor’s degree in Islamic Education programmes of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and the University of Lagos in Nigeria. The choice of the two educational settings was informed by the impression that Malaysia offers some of the best practices in Islamic education, which may be used as standards in benchmarking for Islamic education in Nigeria, an African country with the largest Muslim population. The significance of such a study lies in its potentiality to expose the strengths and deficiencies of each of the models, as well as highlight their commonalities and differences with regard to educational aims, curricula, structures, teaching methods, and evaluation procedures. The paper is guided by three research questions seeking to elicit information or generate data about the nature of the two models being evaluated, the comparative strengths and weaknesses of the two models, and ameliorative propositions with potential to enrich or enhance the quality of the two models. The paper employs curriculum criticism and the analytic method in its comparative evaluation. The significance of the paper lies in its ameliorative propositions for curriculum enrichment purposes, aimed at making the two models better and of merit.
Blended Learning as a Developmental Model Strategy of Teaching and Learning in Islamic Universities in Indonesia
Authors: Saleh Khairul , Rukiyah Ity , Arbain Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Blended learning is a demanding topic nowadays where its existence is possibly enhance lecturers’ competencies as well as giving students new experiences from the combination of different platforms of learning i.e. face to face interaction and online class. Since blended learning seems to be relevant topic at the present time, therefore the aim of the study is to explore the implementation of blended learning in Islamic universities in six different cities in Indonesia. Direct observation was conducted in order to map the strategy used by each Islamic university in implementing blended learning method. Other than that, Focus Group Discussion was also held to all Islamic universities in order to dig deeper regarding the policy from the management of the study program of Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) as well as confirming to what researchers found on the direct observation to the lecturers related to blended learning employment. Additionally, to support the result, semi-structured interview was conducted to representative of students from each Islamic university in order to highlight their perspectives in the realization of blended learning. As a result, the researchers found that the proportion of having between offline and online learning methods are varied, whether 70:30, 60:40, or 50:50. Additionally, there is no slight difference in terms of conducted activities during the offline session, whereas the use of online platforms with varied e-learning media are found very interestingly. Lastly, interview conducted to PAI students indicate positive attitude towards the implementation of blended learning where it is obviously provide future insight for further researchers. The novelty and pedagogical implications are also highlited in this article.
Higher-order Topological Phase in a Simple Two-dimensional Dielectric Photonic Crystals
Authors: Yu Guanxia , Xiaomeng Yu , Yu shen , Haodong Wang , Guangyao Yuan
Published: February 2022

In this paper, a one-dimensional magneto-optic(MO) multilayer structure with the nonreciprocal transmission of dual-mode is designed. The energy band and transmission properties of composite structures are studied based on transfer matrix theory. Two pairs of nonreciprocal dispersive curves corresponding to edge modes appear in the bandgap. When the gain and loss factors are introduced into the multilayer structure, tunable and nonreciprocal extraordinary transmission appears above PT thresholds. Significantly, the composite structure with small and unequal gain/loss factors induces extraordinary transmission and keeps nonreciprocal frequencies stable. Such distinguishing properties may provide these structures with attractive applications as optical isolators and multichannel nonreciprocal optical devices.
RSUnet: A New Full-scale Unet for Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Chen Songhua , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2022

Robust semantic segmentation algorithm of remote sensing images is essential for flood 8 detection, land use, land cover and mapping applications. However, high-resolution remote sensing 9 images contain a large amount of ground object information, showing diversity and complexity 10 with large intra-class variance, small inter-class variance and low-class discrimination, which makes 11 semantic segmentation more difficult. Especially when segmenting the edge of objects in remote 12 sensing images, it is easy to have irregular shapes and segmentation errors inside the objects. Re- 13 cently, Unet series of semantic segmentation networks have become popular not only in the field of 14 medical image segmentation, but also in the field of general semantic segmentation. Unet is based 15 on the symmetrical encoder-decoder structure. As an improvement of Unet, Unet++ is composed of 16 Unets of different depths. The skip connections in Unet++ are redesigned to achieve flexible feature 17 fusion in the decoder. However, it still does not make full use of multi-scale feature information and 18 there is room for improvement. In this paper, we propose a new Unet called RSUnet for semantic 19 segmentation of remote sensing images and Adaptive Feature Selection Module, which fuses deep 20 feature and shallow feature to the extreme and adaptively selects useful feature during feature fu- 21 sion to solve the problem of poor segmentation caused by the migration of Unet series of networks 22 to the field of remote sensing image segmentation, especially the poor edge segmentation of objects. 23 Experiments show RSUnet with adaptive feature selection module performs better than Unet series 24 of networks and other mainstream semantic segmentation models in five public remote sensing 25 image segmentation datasets.
The Extent Of Violence Inflicted On Adolescent Aboriginal Girls In The Northern Territory
Authors: Moore Susan , Condon John R , He Vincent Y.F. , Stothers Kylie , Williams Tamika , Guthridge Steven
Published: February 2022

Background: Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women are at very high risk of violence but there is little evidence about the age at which their higher exposure to violence commences. The aim of this study is to investigate violence inflicted on Aboriginal girls during childhood and adolescence, relative to Aboriginal boys and non-Aboriginal girls.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using de-identified administrative data for NT residents aged 0-17 years. This study used linked hospital and child protection data to investigate hospitalization for injury caused by assault and substantiated child maltreatment involving violence (physical and sexual abuse). Results: The incidence of assault hospitalization and substantiated physical/sexual abuse was much higher for Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal adolescents but similar for girls and boys to about age ten, then increased much more for Aboriginal girls than boys. In the 14-17 age-group, assault hospitalization incidence was 125% higher for Aboriginal girls than boys but 56% lower for non-Aboriginal girls than boys. 4.6% of Aboriginal girls were hospitalized (30.9% more than once) for assault between twelfth and eighteenth birthdays, compared to 3.4% of Aboriginal boys and 0.3% of non-Aboriginal girls. The incidence of assault hospitalization during adolescence was over three times higher for Aboriginal children who had substantiated child maltreatment during childhood. Conclusion: The very high levels of violence suffered by Aboriginal women commence in the pre-teen years. Non-Aboriginal girls are ‘protected’ from the rising levels of violence that boys experience as they progress through adolescence, but Aboriginal girls appear to be targeted rather than protected.
Go beyond image-based benign-malignant classification: AI can identify responsible frames better than physicians in breast ultrasound screening video
Authors: Jiang Yitao , Ye Xiuqin , Liu Yan , Cui Chen , Shi Siyuan , Wu Huaiyu , Tian Hongtian , Song Di , Yao Jincao , Wang Liping , Sui Wenhai , Huang Sijing , Yang Keen , Chen Jing , Xu Jinfeng , Xu Dong , Dong Fajin , Zhang Yun
Published: February 2022

Breast Cancer is the most common cancer in the world and the single leading cause of cancer mortality in women. Heavy workload and shortage of ultrasound specialists impede the penetration of breast cancer screening. To reduce the burden of sonographers and empower junior physicians, we propose a novel framework FEBrNet by integrating deep learning architecture with the idea of entropy from Information theory. FEBrNet is capable of auto-selecting responsible frames from ultrasound screening videos based on entropy reduce method and classifying breast nodules using Artificial Intelligence (AI). A combination of 13702 images and 1066 videos from breast ultrasound exams are used to train and test the robustness of the proposed framework. Reader studies show that FEBrNet has equivalent or even superior diagnostic performance to that of ultrasound specialists and that overall physician’s performance improves when using FEBrNet's recommended frames and corresponding prediction. Therefore, merging FEBrNet into clinical ultrasound screening workflow might bring actual benefit by helping address the scarcity of sonographers, so as to increase the use of ultrasound screening in cancer prevention.
Social Media Use and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Cross-Sectional Studies
Authors: Lee Youngrong , Jeon Ye Jin , Kang Sunghyuk , Shin Jae Il , Jung Young‐Chul , Jung Sun Jae
Published: February 2022

Background: Public isolated due to the early quarantine regarding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increasingly used more social media platforms. Contradictory claims regarding the effect of social media use on mental health needs to be resolved. We aimed to summarise the association between the time spent on social media platform during the COVID-19 quarantine and mental health outcomes (i.e., anxiety and depression). Methods: We searched 327 studies from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. These studies evaluated the association between use of social media platform and mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depression, ascertained by various screening tools. We summarised the final 14 studies in terms of the odds ratios (ORs). Data analyses included a random-effect model and an assessment of inter-study heterogeneity. This meta-analysis review was registered in PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, registration No CRD42021260223, 15 June 2021). Results: In studies regarding anxiety, overall studies had a pooled OR of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.30–1.85; OR that would be categorized as having anxiety when increasing from "less" to "frequent") and mild inter-study heterogeneity (I2 = 26.77%). In studies regarding depression, overall studies had a pooled OR of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.14–1.80; OR that would be categorized as having depression when increasing from "less" to "frequent") and moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 67.16%). Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrated that the excessive time spent on social media platform was associated with a greater likelihood of having symptoms of anxiety and depression.