bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical Properties of Calcium Sodium Phosphate Glasses Doped With Strontium
Authors: Chethan M , Sudhakar Reddy M , Abhiram J , Rajiv Asha
Published: June 2020

Strontium doped calcium phosphate sodium oxide glasses are prepared by a conventional melt quenching technique with different concentrations. XRD Spectra reveals that these glasses are amorphous in nature. The absorption spectrum of these glass samples exhibited broad band at about ∼230nm. Optical band gap were determined by drawing Tauc plot. On the basis of the measured values of density, molar volume, optical band gaps and refractive index, properties like Ca2+ ion concentration, electronic polarizabilities, oxide ion polarizabilities, inter ionic distance, polaron radius, molar refraction and optical basicity of glass systems were estimated. All the variation can be attributed to the formation of Non bridging oxygens (NBO) with the increase of CaO composition in the glass network.
LiTaO3 Directional Coupler Switch with Enhanced Extinction Ratio and Low Insertion Loss
Authors: Neelima Patnaik D , Krishna P , Vardhani C P
Published: June 2020

A novel design of optical directional coupler switch with S-bend waveguides on LiTaO3 platform has been designed with R-Soft CAD tool and the same is simulated by Beam propagation method (BPM) for light propagation analysis. The simulation results of the optical directional coupler (ODC) switch is reported. We observed that the directional coupler (DC) switch has lower insertion losses and higher extinction ratios for a certain values that are discussed in the paper. This was studied by variation in waveguide parameters such as, wavelength, waveguide gap, and length of the device. Simulation results designate that the switching efficiency for TE and TM modes with extinction ratio about 3dB when the waveguide gap is 3.5μm for both the polarization modes and insertion loss is 13dB with same waveguide gap in TE mode and 16dB in TM mode at 1550nm wavelength.
Development of a μ-PIC with glass substrate aiming at high gas gain
Authors: Abe M , Tanimori T , Takada A , Mizumura Y , Komura S , Kishimoto T , Takemura T , Yoshikawa K , Nakamura Y , Nakamasu Y , Taniguchi T , Onozaka K , Saito K , Mizumoto T , Sonoda S , Parker J D , Miuchi K , Sawano T
Published: June 2020

Micro pixel chambers (μ-PICs), which are a type of the micro-pattern gas chambers, are usually manufactured using the printed-circuit-board (PCB) technology. However, recent application projects have begun to require higher gas gains and finer position resolution than those obtainable with current μ-PICs. It is difficult to improve the electrode structure to achieve these improvements because PCB technology limits the precision of electrode fabrication and the thickness of the substrate. We have therefore adopted micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technology and developed the first prototype of a through-glass-via (TGV) μ-PIC. This prototype TGV μ-PIC worked well, achieving a maximum gain of approximately 20,000 and an energy resolution of 20.6% (FWHM) at 5.9 keV over the whole 5 × 5 cm2 detection area.
Development and properties of 100 mm-square size LTCC-GEM
Authors: Takeuchi Y. , Komiya K. , Tamagawa T. , Zhou Y.
Published: June 2020

We developed a gas electron multiplier (GEM) that is highly reliable against discharge using a Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) as an insulating layer (LTCC-GEM). Because LTCC is an inorganic anti-carbonized material, LTCC-GEM is expected to be strong against breakdown. The gain properties of a single layer of 100 µm-thick LTCC-GEM with an effective area of 100 × 100 mm2 was evaluated in the gas mixture of 70% Ar and 30% CO2 at 1 atm. The maximum gain was approximately 3,500 at an applied voltage of 730 V and the gain variation was less than 3% over 14 hours of operation. In addition, the LTCC-GEM remained unbroken during the experiment despite more than 20,000 discharges at a high applied voltage of 730 V. We confirm that the LTCC-GEM is discharge-tolerant and has the same performance as traditional GEMs.
The MAGIX focal plane time projection chamber
Authors: Caiazza S S , Achenbach P , Aulenbacher S , Biroth M , Christmann M , Denig A , Doria L , Geimer J , Gülker P , Littich M , Lunkenheimer S , Mauch M , Merkel H , Müller J , Rausch J , Schlimme S
Published: June 2020

The MAGIX experiment is a versatile system optimized for low-energy nuclear and particle physics measurements. The setup is currently under development and will be installed at the MESA electron accelerator, at the Institute for Nuclear Physics of the University of Mainz. The main detectors of that experiment are a couple of high-precision magnetic spectrometers, each of them equipped with a GEM-based TPC at the focal plane to achieve a momentum resolution and angular resolution at the scattering vertex respectively of

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1 mrad on scattered electron momenta between 1 MeV/c and 105 MeV/c. The limiting factor to achieve those results is the amount and uniformity of the material before the focal plane and even the presence of the TPC field cage can be relevant. Therefore we developed, and hereby introduce, an open field-cage TPC to fulfil those challenging requirements.
Discharge probability studies with a single THGEM setup
Authors: Lautner L , Gasik P , Ulukutlu B
Published: June 2020

In Gas Electron Multiplier- and Thick Gas Electron Multipliers-based detectors the discharge stability constrains the safe operating limits in terms of achieved gain and signal amplification. Thus, this is an important optimization parameter for the overall performance of these detectors. The discharge probability has been determined for THGEMs in Ar- and Ne-based gas mixtures as a function of gain. A comparison with GEANT4 simulations allows to extract the critical charge density leading to the formation of a spark in a THGEM hole. Preliminary results of our research show that discharges are triggered by a critical charge of 2.5 × 106 and 7.0 × 106 electrons per THGEM hole in Ar-CO2 (90-10) and Ne-CO2 (90-10), respectively.
Large area BM@N GEM detectors
Authors: Galavanov A. , Kapishin M. , Karjavine V. , Khabarov S. , Kulish E. , Lenivenko V. , Makankin A. , Maksymchuk A. , De Oliveira R. , Piyadin S. , Pokatashkin G. , Rufanov I. , Vasiliev S.
Published: June 2020

Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) is a fixed target experiment at the NICA accelerator complex in JINR aimed to study nuclear matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Detectors based on Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) are used for the central tracking system of the BM@N experiment, which is located inside the BM@N analyzing magnet. The structure of the GEM detectors and the results of study of their characteristics are presented. The performance of seven GEM detectors integrated into the BM@N experimental setup and data acquisition system is briefly reviewed.
SRS VMM readout for Gadolinium GEM-based detector prototypes for the NMX instrument at ESS
Authors: Lupberger Michael , Brunbauer Florian Maximilian , Huang Yan , Müller Hans , Oliveri Eraldo , Pfeiffer Dorothea , Ropelewski Leszek , Stenis Miranda Van , Thuiner Patrik
Published: June 2020

We report on further development and application of a general purpose readout system, the Scalable Readout System (SRS). The SRS was introduced by the RD51 collaboration in 2009 in a common effort. Several front-end Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) were implemented in the system, of which the APV25 is most commonly used. Recently, we implemented the VMM ASIC, developed to read out detectors of the ATLAS New Small Wheel. We developed hardware components as well as FPGA firmware and computer software. With this latest implementation called SRS VMM, other groups intend to perform experiments and detector R&D. In our application targeted at the NMX macromolecular diffractometer, one of the instruments foreseen at the European Spallation Source (ESS), SRS VMM was used to read out prototype detectors. Small scale versions were successfully tested at neutron sources and a full scale version was constructed. In those test beams, the feasibility of the detector and readout electronics design could be demonstrated.
Production, Quality Control and Performance of GE1/1 Detectors for the CMS Upgrade
Authors: Venditti Rosamaria
Published: June 2020

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be upgraded in several phases that will allow significant expansion of its physics program. After the long shutdown in 2019 (LS2) the accelerator luminosity will be increased to 2-3 ×1034 cm−2s−1 for Run 3 and later up to 5×1034 cm−2s−1 for Phase 2 (HL-LHC). The physics program of the LHC experiments will benefit from the augmented luminosity; the sensitivity of the CMS experiment to new physics and to the Standard Model will be fully exploited, providing that a suitable upgrade will enable the CMS detector to cope with future data-taking conditions. Among the upgrades, the installation of new muon stations based on Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology in the endcap will start in early 2019 (GE1/1 station), followed by the installation of two additional stations (GE2/1 and ME0) in 2023. The CMS Muon Collaboration produced the 144 GEM detectors to be installed in the GE1/1 station, sharing the assembly and testing of the detectors among several production sites spread all over the world. A detailed common assembly protocol and quality control procedure (QC) has been deployed, with the ambitious goal to ensure standardization of the performance of the detectors produced by the different sites. The same procedure has been successfully adopted to test the first prototypes of the GE2/1 detectors. In this contribution, we present the final results of the QC tests performed on the GE1/1 chambers, assembled by all the production sites following the common specification parameters.
High-frequency imaging for flaw detection of microelectronics elements with high resolution
Authors: Zhakupov S N , Badin A V
Published: June 2020

This paper presents various diagnostic methods for microelectronic devices, in particular integrated circuits (IC). Features with the use of electron microscopes, scanning infrared microscopes, as well as X-ray flaw detection are considered. In particular, it is proposed to use a method based on electromagnetic radiation from the terahertz frequency range as an alternative to X-ray computed tomography (PXCT). For flaw detection of integrated circuits, it is planned to create a database of materials by preliminary spectral analysis of the materials used to create them. The possibility of analysis by creating two-dimensional patterns of the distribution of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the sample is also considered.
Average power of Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams along the atmospheric path
Authors: Gerasimova L O
Published: June 2020

Numerical simulation of various mode propagation of a Laguerre-Gaussian laser beam reflected by a flat mirror at different intensities of optical turbulence along the atmospheric path are carried out. It is found that the strength of optical turbulence increases, the average power of the received signal at the end of a location path exceeds ones at the end of a propagation path double distance in the forward direction. The greater the mode order of the Laguerre-Gaussian beam, the stronger the effect.
Geometric aspects of negative refraction
Authors: Fisanov V V
Published: June 2020

Using Ptolemy’s theorem and inequality, it is shown that the law of negative refraction of an optical ray on the interface between an ordinary isotropic medium and an electromagnetic metamaterial with negative permittivity and negative permeability corresponds to the Fermat’s principle of least time. The optical path length of the ray between two corresponding points at positive and negative refraction is compared.
Spectral and energy characteristics of resonatorless lasing in solutions of Rhodamine 6G with nanoparticles of various nature with femtosecond pumping
Authors: Donchenko V A , Trifonova A V , Zemlyanov A A , Ryambov R V
Published: June 2020

The results of measurements of the spectral and energy characteristics of cavity-free lasing in Rhodamine 6G dye solutions with Al nanoparticles irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses are presented. A comparison is made of the threshold generation values in a pure dye solution and in a dye solution with nanoparticles upon irradiation with femtosecond pulses.
Distribution of temperature along the phantom of the human leg under the influence of microwave radiation
Authors: Dunaevskii G E , Nechaev A N , Badin A V , Teterina D D
Published: June 2020

In the article, the results of a study of the temperature distribution inside a phantom in the form of a human foot with a two-layer filling, simulating muscle and bone tissue are shown.Imitation of muscle tissue by dispersed pig meat (minced meat) and the bone by a wax cylinder was carried out.The temperature distribution profiles along the phantom during microwave heating with a power of 40 W in the time interval from 10 to 40 minutes are presented.
Air quality index in Krasnoyarsk (Russia) for 2018-2019
Authors: Tokarev A V , Ya Shaparev N , Yakubailik O E
Published: June 2020

In the work, we calculated the air quality index (AQI) in the city of Krasnoyarsk for 2018 and 2019. The initial data were obtained from automatic observation posts of the regional environmental monitoring system. The effect of individual components (pollutants) on the index value is analyzed. The dependence of the index values on seasonal and weather conditions is studied.
Accurate real-time FENO expirograms using complementary optical sensors
Authors: Petralia Lorenzo S , Bahl Anisha , Peverall Rob , Richmond Graham , Couper John H , Hancock Gus , Robbins Peter A , Ritchie Grant A D
Published: June 2020

The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is an important biomarker for the diagnosis and management of asthma and other pulmonary diseases associated with airway inflammation. In this study we report on a novel method for accurate, highly time-resolved, real time detection of FENO at the mouth. The experimental arrangement is based on a combination of optical sensors for the determination of the temporal profile of exhaled NO and CO2concentrations. Breath CO2and exhalation flow are measured at the mouth using diode laser absorption spectroscopy (at 2μm) and differential pressure sensing, respectively. NO is determined in a sidestream configuration using a quantum cascade laser based, cavity-enhanced absorption cell (at 5.2μm) which simultaneously measures sidestream CO2. The at-mouth and sidestream CO2measurements are used to enable the deconvolution of the sidestream NO measurement back to the at-mouth location. All measurements have a time resolution of 0.1 s, limited by the requirement of a reasonable limit of detection for the NO measurement, which on this timescale is 4.7 ppb (2 σ). Using this methodology, NO expirograms (FENOgrams) were measured and compared for eight healthy volunteers. The FENOgrams appear to differ qualitatively between individuals and the hope is that the dynamic information encoded in these FENOgrams will provide valuable additional insight into the location of the inflammation in the airways and potentially predict a response to therapy. A validation of the measurements at low-time resolution is provided by checking that results from previous studies that used a two-compartment model of NO production can be reproduced using our technology.
Evaluation of Ecological Benefits of Corn Straw Back in Liaozhong North Based on Fuzzy Evaluation
Authors: Xiang Gao , Dan Zhao , Ping Yang
Published: June 2020

Taking Cainiu Town, Tieling City, Liaoning Province as the main research area, the four evaluation index factors of water, fertilizer, gas and soil were selected through investigation and data collection. The method of combining fuzzy evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process is used to analyze the ecological aspects of comprehensive ecological links such as straw returning to grass, clear ridge returning to field, strip returning to field, deep rotation returning to field and strip returning to field. The final EBI index is obtained by multiplying the matrix by fuzzy analysis method, and then the EBI index and the grade corresponding to the score of the review are compared to get the final judgment result, and the comprehensive ecological benefit index is the final result. Obviously from the results, the comprehensive ecological benefits of soil and water conservation, carbon and oxygen fixation, and water bodies have improved significantly
Study on Insulation Characteristics of Scratch Defects in 35kV XLPE Cable Terminals
Authors: Jiaxiang Wei , Chong Wang , JianWen Gan , Zhengxu Lu , Dawei Liang , Lini Li
Published: June 2020

In order to study the influence of different ring-shaped scratches on the insulation characteristics of 35kV Crosslinked polyethylene(XLPE) cable terminations, the model of air-gap defects caused by ring-shaped scratches was introduced at the end of the outer semi-conductor shielding layer, and the finite element simulation calculation was used to calculate the model. The electric field distribution characteristics inside the cable terminal were simultaneously made into cable end samples of different types of scratch defects, and the discharge characteristics were tested by a partial discharge test circuit. The results show that the air gap defect caused by the annular scratch defect increases the degree of electric field distortion. The maximum electric field strength is much larger than the breakdown field strength of the air, and it is prone to partial discharge activity. The Phase Resolved Partial Discharge(PRPD) of the cable terminal with ring scratch defects The spectrum shows a typical “rabbit ear” shape. As the scratch defects deepen, the PRPD spectrum begins to gradually transition to a short-feeling “cat ear” shape.
A Novel Method for Implementing Harmonic Compensation with Multi-Inverters in a Micro-Grid
Authors: Shao Xiang
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a new multi-inverter-based compensation scheme for the harmonic and reactive influences in a micro-grid, which not only realizes the integration of renewable energy, but also combines the functions of improving power quality at the point of common coupling (PCC) simultaneously. The proposed method uses the remaining power energy in the inverter to implement local harmonic compensation, which achieves the flexible customization of power quality and economics. Specifically, an accurate and stable modulated hopping Discrete Fourier Transform (mHDFT) algorithm with merits of computation of a sparse DFT result is applied to measure the harmonic current. In addition, a proportional resonant (PR) controller selected to track the command current due to its infinite gain for a specific point ensures there is no steady-state error (ess). Besides, delay compensation and discretization by pre-swapping bilinear transformation are performed to improve the stability of the current loop and enable the controller for digital implementation respectively. The simulation results based on Matlab/Simulink are given to verify the performance of the proposed method.
Secondary control of island microgrid based on distributed multi-agent system under symmetric time delay
Authors: Shaotong Bai
Published: June 2020

Aiming at the voltage and frequency instability caused by the primary control of the island mi-crogrid and the reactive power unevenness caused by the unbalanced circuit impedance, a quad-ratic control strategy based on the distributed multi-agent system is adopted. This paper is com-pleted to solve the voltage and frequency deviation due to droop control. The application of dis-tributed consistency algorithm under symmetric time delay is analyzed. The theoretical model is built in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the influence of delay on distributed consistency algorithm.
The Modification of Line Parameters in Distribution Network Considering the Electro-thermal Coordination
Authors: Tianyu Fang , Hengxu Zhang , Fang Shi , Yanruo Hou
Published: June 2020

Compared with the transmission network, the distribution network resistance parameters cannot be ignored. The resistance is closely related to the temperature, and the influence of temperature should be considered in the process of parameter estimation. In this paper, the line resistance is corrected in real time by combining the line temperature, resistance and power flow closely through the heat balance equation. Based on the theory of electro-thermal coordination, a method of temperature resistance correction for distribution network is proposed. This method integrates the heat balance equation and the least square method of state estimation, and proposes an extended Jacobian matrix circuit parameter correction algorithm considering the state vector. Then, this paper derives the deviation of the SCADA measurements, PMU measurements and the line temperature in detail. And the Jacobian matrix is extended to make the line temperature and node state can be calculated at the same time, which effectively corrects the overall line resistance of the distribution network. Finally, based on PSCAD / EMTDC IEEE 33 node distribution network model, this paper obtains the simulation data considering load fluctuation and measurement error and analysis the consistency deviation, which verifies the effectiveness and convergence of the algorithm. The results show that the algorithm significantly reduces the estimation error.
Voltage sag analysis based on cluster analysis and correlation analysis
Authors: Liu Hao , Zeng Qinghui , Liu Shaohui , Wu Zhuojun , Li Lei , Ma Rongrong
Published: June 2020

Based on data mining algorithm, a voltage sag analysis method is proposed, which first performs clustering analysis and then correlation analysis. Firstly, the climatic factors are used to cluster the data, and then the correlation analysis of each cluster is carried out according to the selected voltage sag feature dimensions, finally, the strong association rules are obtained. Through the analysis of the example, it is found that there are some certain correlations between the climatic factors, the voltage sag dimensions and the causes of the voltage sag. These correlations can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of voltage sag.
Model Predictive Current Control of Dual Inverter Fed Open-End Winding PMSM Based on Fast Vector Selection
Authors: Wu Di , Zhu Rui , Chen Jifeng , Hu Jiaquan , Hua Guowu , Wang Ying
Published: June 2020

Aiming at the problem of model predictive current for the dual two-level inverter needs to optimize the objective function of all 19 voltage vectors, which makes the calculation of optimization too large for practical application. A MPCC scheme for open-winding pmsm based on voltage vector preselection was proposed. First, the pre-selection of the voltage vector is performed by calculating the reference voltage vector using the deadbeat solution. And establish a voltage vector based objective function to achieve predictive current control and simplify the control algorithm. Next, the switching frequency constraint is introduced into the objective function to select the optimal switching state and reduce the average switching frequency. Finally, the simulation is verified and the effectiveness of the method is proved.
Study on the reactive power coordinated control in hybrid parallel HVDC system
Authors: Han Yan , Rui Song , Xuan Wang , Shichang Zhao , Wenli Yang , Min Luo
Published: June 2020

Hybrid parallel HVDC system adopts line commutated converter high voltage direct current(LCC-HVDC) and voltage source converter high voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC) parallel structure, which combines the advantages of LCC-HVDC and MMC-HVDC. Based on the existing reactive power control of HVDC system, the reactive power coordination control strategy of hybrid parallel HVDC system is innovatively proposed in this paper. Firstly, the reactive power control of LCC-HVDC and MMC-HVDC are studied respectively. And then the voltage stability of LCC-HVDC fed weak AC system is analyzed. Furthermore, a reactive power coordination control strategy between reactive power compensation device of the converter station and MMC-HVDC is proposed. Finally, based on PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform, a hybrid parallel HVDC simulation system is built. The reactive power coordination control strategy under steady and transient conditions is simulated and analyzed respectively. The analysis results show that the reactive power coordinated control strategy can suppress the voltage fluctuation of converter bus in steady state. At the same time, the reactive power coordinated control strategy can restrain the commutation failure of LCC-HVDC in the fault of receiving power grid and improve its fault recovery ability.
A Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Based on Fuzzy PI Control
Authors: Diao Zhaowei , Ji Zhongxiao , Liu Mei , Wu Yifei , Wu Yi , Yang Fei
Published: June 2020

The development of power grid has put forward higher requirements on the performance of current sensors. Traditional current sensors already can not meet these needs of grid metering and protection. This paper proposes a fiber-optic current sensor (FOCS) based on fuzzy PI control strategy which combines fuzzy control with PI control. These parameters of fuzzy PI controller can be adjusted online at different stages of the system response. Simulation results show that the FOCS based on fuzzy PI control has a fast dynamic response and no overshoot, compared with FOCS based on traditional PI control. These advantages of accuracy in metering and rapidity in protection of power grid, can be satisfied simultaneously.
Combination Forecasting Model of Daily Electricity Consumption in Summer Based on Daily Characteristic Meteorological Factors
Authors: Wang Ruimiao , Yao Xinyu , Li Chunyan , Hu Bo , Xie Kaigui , Niu Tao , Li Mushui , Fu Jian , Sun Qingsong
Published: June 2020

Daily electricity consumption in summer is affected by numerous meteorological factors. In order to improve the accuracy of daily electricity consumption forecasting, a summer daily electricity consumption combination forecasting model based on daily characteristic meteorological factors is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the relationship between various meteorological indexes and daily electricity consumption is analysed considering the coupling effect and accumulative effect of meteorological factors on daily electricity consumption, and a single forecast model of daily electricity consumption is established. Then the meteorological mapping function is designed to evaluate the impact of each meteorological index on daily electricity consumption, and the weight of each single forecasting model is calculated. Finally, a combination forecasting model of daily electricity consumption in summer is established. The parameters of meteorological mapping function are optimized by adaptive training and virtual forecasting, and solved by genetic algorithm. Taking the daily electricity consumption in Chongqing in the summer of 2018 as an example, the results have shown that the proposed combination forecasting model can effectively improve the accuracy of daily electricity consumption forecasting.
Study on the transformer protection scheme based on double thresholds and waveform similarity
Authors: Liang Yu , Yang Fan , Shi Dan
Published: June 2020

As the key device of power transmission, the power transformer has higher requirements for the protection sensitivity and reliability. However, the operation time of the differential protection is limit to the data window of the Fourier transform algorithm. In addition, the differential protection cannot recognize the slight transformer turn-to-turn fault. Moreover, it may maloperate when the current transformer (CT) is saturated. To solve above problems, a novel transformer protection scheme based on double thresholds and waveform similarity is proposed. By comparing the current waveform similarity with the double thresholds, the external faults, internal faults and CT saturation scenarios can be effectively identified, while the waveform similarity is obtained by calculating the Hausdorff distance of the current at each side of the transformer. The PSCAD/EMTDC based simulation results show that the proposed protection scheme can operate quickly and the operation time is as low as 5.5ms. In addition, it has high sensitivity and can effectively identify 0.5% or higher turn-to-turn faults, and it will not be affected by CT saturation.
A method of automatic generation of daily work report for power dispatching based on RoBERTa
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Tao , Li Hao , Lu Jixiang , Lu Jinjun , Li Ziqi
Published: June 2020

Power dispatching operators need to read a large number of power dispatching logs every day and arrange them into daily work reports. It takes them a lot of time to do information extraction and transfer that information into work reports. In order to reduce the workload of power dispatching operators, we propose an intelligent method for automatic generation of daily work reports in this paper by adopting RoBERTa, which is an improved version of BERT. With the outstanding performance of RoBERTa in semantic analysis and entity recognition, the workload of power dispatching operators is reduced approximately 50% through our proposed method, which means the efficiency is greatly improved.
A Non-Linear Improved Double-Integral Sliding Mode Controller (IDI-SMC) for Modeling and Simulation of 6 (DOF) Quadrotor system
Authors: Ahmad Irfan , Liaquat Muwahida , khan owais zarin , Malik Fahad Mumtaz
Published: June 2020

Due to recent technological achievements, modeling and simulation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) such as Quadrotor contracted great potential. In this paper, the Improved Double-Integral Sliding Mode Controller (IDI-SMC) scheme is presented to cope with the problem like chattering and tracking. Under-actuated six Degree Of Freedom (DOF) Quadrotor model is formulated through Newton-Euler-Lagrange (NEL) equations. The idea of design (IDI-SMC) is to implement Double Sliding Mode control with proper coefficient scheduling for switching surface with Hurwitz stability criteria. Furthermore, introducing the strong condition of the sliding surface made the results and Simulations became more efficient with Hurwitz stability for both translational and rotational motion of the 6 DOF Quadrotor system is achieved to show the effectiveness of the proposed design controller.
The optimized layout strategy of ring oscillator network for Trojan detection
Authors: Yang Lian , Yang Wenxiu , Li Huan
Published: June 2020

The method of Trojan detection based on the RON (Ring Oscillator Network) has been widely proposed and has a good effect. However, the method needs to integrate a RON on the chip to sense the voltage drop generated by the Trojan. Currently, the number of ROs (Ring Oscillator) required for a RON has not been discussed, which has a large impact on the additional hardware overhead. Therefore, based on the RON for Trojan detection, we propose an optimized layout strategy that can effectively control the number of ROs integrated into the circuit. By measuring the sensing range that can be perceived by a single RO, the sensing radius of the RO is obtained; then, ROs are placed in the circuit in a way of regular hexagonal lattice to clarify the number of ROs required in the network. Determining the appropriate number of ROs not only reduces the hardware overhead required for on-chip integration, but also ensures the reliability of Trojan detection, ensuring seamless coverage of the circuit with as few ROs as possible.
UFSP-Net: a neural network with spatio-temporal information fusion for urban fire situation prediction
Authors: Jin Guangyin , Zhu Cunchao , Chen Xiaoxuan , Sha Hengyu , Hu Xingchen , Huang Jincai
Published: June 2020

Capturing the dynamics of urban fire situation is a basic but challenging task, which takes an indispensable role in the field of urban security and fire emergency decision. Traditional methods approach the urban fire prediction via stochastic process based on physics or statistics, which may be interpretable but less practical in real applications. Recently, some data-driven models, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN), seem to be fruitful in capturing spatio-temporal dynamics with massive high-dimension data. In this paper, we process some regional urban fire dataset of recent six years in the fire situation awareness images (FSAIs) and extract pixel-level latent representations with CNNs while GCNs are applied to process some spatial graph structure auxiliary information to obtain graph-level latent representations. And then Urban Fire Situation Prediction Neural Network (UFSP-Net) is formulated as a novel urban fire prediction model, integrating these two different kind of spatial latent representations and RNN structure. In comparison to other traditional algorithms, such as Conv-RNN, UFSP-Net demonstrates its superior prediction performance for multi type urban fire in spatio-temporal scale.
Cattle identification using muzzle print images based on feature fusion
Authors: Sian Cong , Jiye Wang , Ru Zhang , Lizhi Zhao
Published: June 2020

Individual identification of animals is an important means to modernize the livestock industry. In recent years, the research on individual identification of cattle has also received more and more attention. Individual cattle identification is necessary for many important reasons including registration, traceability, production management and animal disease control. Biometric features are unique, which often do not change over time. In this paper, muzzle print is used as biometric feature. The fusion of texture features extracted from Weber Local Descriptor(WLD) and local binary pattern was used to represent individual cattle. Some improvements were made to WLD algorithm. Finally, support vector machine was employed to identify head of cattle from their fusion feature. The proposed method achieved 96.5% identification accuracy.
An enhanced stochastic algorithm for optimal contract capacity of furniture stores
Authors: Tu Chia-Sheng , Tsai Ming-Tang , Huang Chun-Chieh , Su Kuei-Ching
Published: June 2020

This paper integrated the Grey Theory and Particle Swarm Optimization to propose an Enhanced Stochastic Algorithm (ESA) for dealing with the optimal contact capacity of the furniture store. ESA is used to find the minimal total annual electricity bill and simultaneously find the optimal contract capacity under the operational and system’s constraints. The historical demand for a furniture store is first collected in this paper. Grey theory is used to predict the next year demand of every month. Based on the Time-Of-Use (TOU) rates employed by the Taiwan Power Company (TPC), the annual electric bill including basic charge and penalty charge is derived to formulate an objective function. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was adopted to minimize the annual electricity bill and simultaneously find the optimal contract capacity. Practical load consumption data were used to prove the validity of the ESA. Users can able to estimate the contract capacity by themselves and curtail the electricity cost.
Investigations on electrochemical performance of La2NiO4+δ cathode material doped at A site for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Wu Xiusheng , Gu Chunye , Cao Jufang , Miao Lina , Fu Chao , Liu Wei
Published: June 2020

In this work, the perovskite compounds La1.5A0.5NiO4+δ
(A = Ca, Sr or Ba), which is one kind of mixed ionic electronic conductors (MIEC) with perovskite structure, was explored as cathode materials for proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H-SOFCs). In order to understand how the size of A-site cations affects material properties, the electrical conductivity and the electrochemical performances of La1.5A0.5NiO4+δ
(A = Ca, Sr or Ba) were compared. The results are more interesting. In the middle temperature region (600 °C–700 °C), Ca doping is the best choice among the three alkaline earth elements. In the low temperature region (300 °C–600 °C), Sr-doped single cells Sr-doped single cells have better performance. However, Ba doping easily generates BaCO3 impurities, which reduces the ion transmission capacity and increases the interface resistance, resulting in poor performance of the single cell. This work shows that La1.5A0.5NiO4+δ
(A = Ca and Sr) is the main cathode candidate material for H-SOFC.
Pan-Arctic analysis of cultural ecosystem services using social media and automated content analysis
Authors: Runge Claire A , Hausner Vera H , Daigle Remi M , Monz Christopher A
Published: June 2020

In the Arctic, as in many parts of the world, interactions with the natural world are an important part of people’s experience and are often recorded in photographs. Emerging methods for automated content analysis of social media data offers opportunities to discover information on cultural ecosystem services from photographs across large samples of people and countries. We analysed over 800 000 Flickr photographs using Google’s Cloud Vision algorithm to identify the components of the natural environment most photographed and to map how and where different people interact with nature across eight Arctic countries. Almost all (91.1%) of users took one or more photographs of biotic nature, and such photos account for over half (53.2%) of Arctic photos on Flickr. We find that although the vast majority of Arctic human-nature interactions occur outside protected areas, people are slightly more likely to photograph nature inside protected areas after accounting for the low accessibility of Arctic protected areas. Wildlife photographers travel further from roads than people who take fewer photographs of wildlife, and people venture much further from roads inside protected areas. A large diversity of nature was reflected in the photographs, from mammals, birds, fish, fungi, plants and invertebrates, signalling an untapped potential to connect and engage people in the appreciation and conservation of the natural world. Our findings suggest that, despite limitations, automated content analysis can be a rapid and readily accessed source of data on how and where people interact with nature, and a large-scale method for assessing cultural ecosystem services across countries and cultures.
Machine learning and excited-state molecular dynamics
Authors: Westermayr Julia , Marquetand Philipp
Published: June 2020

Machine learning is employed at an increasing rate in the research field of quantum chemistry. While the majority of approaches target the investigation of chemical systems in their electronic ground state, the inclusion of light into the processes leads to electronically excited states and gives rise to several new challenges. Here, we survey recent advances for excited-state dynamics based on machine learning. In doing so, we highlight successes, pitfalls, challenges and future avenues for machine learning approaches for light-induced molecular processes.
Bivariant derived algebraic cobordism
Authors: Annala Toni
Published: June 2020

We extend the derived algebraic bordism of Lowrey and Schürg to a bivariant theory in the sense of Fulton and MacPherson and establish some of its basic properties. As a special case, we obtain a completely new theory of cobordism rings of singular quasi-projective schemes. The extended cobordism is shown to specialize to algebraicK0K^0analogously to the Conner-Floyd theorem in topology. We also give a candidate for the correct definition of Chow rings of singular schemes.
Dynamic heterogeneity and non-Gaussian statistics for ganglioside GM1s and acetylcholine receptors on live cell membrane
Authors: He Wei , Su Yun , Peng H. Benjamin , Tong Penger
Published: June 2020

From a thorough analysis of a large number of individual molecular trajectories, we find that the glycosphingolipid GM1 residing on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane shares the same dynamic heterogeneity and non-Gaussian statistics as transmembrane proteins. This finding provides strong support for the dynamic picket-fence model.
Isotropic myosin-generated tissue tension is required for the dynamic orientation of the mitotic spindle
Authors: Lam Maxine S. Y. , Lisica Ana , Ramkumar Nitya , Hunter Ginger , Mao Yanlan , Charras Guillaume , Baum Buzz
Published: June 2020

By studying the dynamics of spindle orientation in mechanically distinct regions of an epithelium, this article reveals a role for isotropic tension in aiding accurate alignment of the spindle with the long cell axis.
Robust classification of cell cycle phase and biological feature extraction by image-based deep learning
Authors: Nagao Yukiko , Sakamoto Mika , Chinen Takumi , Okada Yasushi , Takao Daisuke
Published: June 2020

By applying convolutional neural network-based classifiers, we demonstrate that cell images can be robustly classified according to cell cycle phases. Combined with Grad-CAM analysis, our approach enables us to extract biological features underlying cellular phenomena of interest in an unbiased and data-driven manner.
Why choose geriatric medicine? A national survey among French postgraduate medical students
Authors: Prud’homm Joaquim , Corvol Aline , Aguillon Aude , Olivieri Marine , Rousseau Valentine , Somme Dominique
Published: June 2020

Since 2017, geriatric medicine has been available as a postgraduate specialty to French year 7 medical students. We investigated the incentives of the 171 French medical students who opted for geriatric medicine as a postgraduate specialty subsequent to year 6 national qualifying examinations in 2017. A prospective quantitative survey-based study was conducted by means of a questionnaire compiled online and sent by email between December 2017 and May 2018. The questionnaire comprised 43 questions, including 14 single or multiple choice questions, 28 scaled questions evaluating factors of influence using a 5-point Likert scale, and one open-ended contingency question. Of the 171 students, 139 responses were received. The national response rate to this questionnaire was 81.2%. One hundred fourteen students (82.6%) had previous experience of training in geriatric medicine, which for 95 (84.0%) students took place between years 3 and 6 of medical training. This training influenced the choice of 102 respondents (90.2%). Factors reported as having exerted a strong or very strong influence were in particular the rewards of working with older adults; positive personal encounters with older adults in the past; the appeal of interprofessional teamwork; the challenge of cases involving complex diagnostic and therapeutic decisions; the challenge of patients with chronic conditions. The present study is the first to focus on the reasons why French students choose to specialise in geriatric medicine. The results emphasise the importance of training programs in geriatric medicine to promote enthusiasm for this specialty.
Diversity and Political Leaning: Considerations for Epidemiology
Authors: Allen Bennett , Lewis Ashley
Published: June 2020

The positive effects of increased diversity and inclusion in scientific research and practice are well documented. In this issue, DeVilbiss et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;189(10):998–1010) present findings from a survey used to collect information to characterize diversity among epidemiologists and perceptions of inclusion in the epidemiologic profession. They capture identity across a range of personal characteristics, including race, gender, socioeconomic background, sexual orientation, religion, and political leaning. In this commentary, we assert that the inclusion of political leaning as an axis of identity alongside the others undermines the larger project of promoting diversity and inclusion in the profession and is symptomatic of the movement for “ideological diversity” in higher education. We identify why political leaning is not an appropriate metric of diversity and detail why prioritizing ideological diversity counterintuitively can work against equity building initiatives. As an alternative to ideological diversity, we propose that epidemiologists take up an existing framework for research and practice that centers the voices and perspectives of historically marginalized populations in epidemiologic work.
Food for Thought: Opportunities to Improve Diversity, Inclusion, Representation, and Participation in Epidemiology
Authors: Jackson Chandra L
Published: June 2020

DeVilbiss et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;189(10):998–1010) have taken on the noble and worthy cause of improving diversity, inclusion, representation, and participation across the Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER) membership—a reflection/microcosm of society. The objective of this commentary is to underscore the importance of diversity and to offer initiative ideas, which should be centered around inequity stemming from the widespread historical and contemporary maldistribution of power (e.g., decision-making) and resources (e.g., funding) within institutions and organizations. Nonexhaustive strategies could include SER becoming an opportunity and information hub that helps to fill resource gaps. It is also recommended that SER leadership learn from existing associations and scientific initiatives to improve the culture of science in general by equitably incorporating policy, systems, and environmental interventions throughout the career spectrum. Examples include the provision of tools and incentives to address explicit or implicit biases, enhance mentoring skills, and remove predictable barriers (e.g., financial). Explicitly labeling diversity/inclusion efforts should be avoided, and the initiative should be evaluated based on impact rather than intent. Our fates are interconnected, and we can all help increase diversity, inclusion, representation, and participation to improve our science in hopes of equitably improving public health.
Recommendations to the Society for Epidemiologic Research for Further Promoting Diversity and Inclusion at the Annual Meeting and Beyond
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Jarrett Brooke A , Althoff Keri N , Burman Frances S , Camarata Laura , Coburn Sally B , Dickerson Aisha S , Foti Kathryn , Kaur Maneet , Leifheit Kathryn M , Malone Jowanna , Moore Ebony A , Mouslim Morgane C , Prata Menezes Neia , Robsky Katherine , Tang Olive , Wallace Amelia S , Dean Lorraine T ,   for the Epi IDEAS Working Group
Published: June 2020

Increasing diverse engagement in the Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER) will positively impact the field of epidemiology. As the largest and longest-running epidemiologic society in North America, SER has long been a pioneer in promoting diversity and inclusion. A recent survey of SER members, however, showed there is still room for improving diversity, inclusion, representation, and participation in the Society. In this commentary, as members of both the SER and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology’s Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, Anti-Racism, and Science (Epi IDEAS) Working Group, we recommend 4 goals for the SER Annual Meeting and beyond: 1) convene epidemiologic researchers with diverse backgrounds and ideas; 2) promote an inclusive environment at the SER Annual Meeting; 3) develop, compile, and disseminate best practices to honor diversity in epidemiologic research; and 4) increase prioritization of health disparities research and methods. We also suggest strategies for achieving these goals so that SER can better include, support, and elevate members from historically disadvantaged groups. While our recommendations are tailored specifically to SER, the greater epidemiologic and academic communities could benefit from adopting these goals and strategies within their professional societies and conferences.