bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of biogeosorbents based on mineral carriers for treatment oil-contaminated soil
Authors: Myazin V. A. , Shushkov D. A. , Fokina N. V. , Chaporgina A. A. , Kanivets A. V. , Bryantsev A. V.
Published: April 2024

Methods for cleaning oil-contaminated areas include the use of sorbents, the effectiveness of which is enhanced by the immobilization of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms on their surface. Biogeosorbents are obtained on the basis of mineral raw materials (analcime- and glauconite-containing rocks and thermally activated vermiculite) and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Microbacterium extracted from contaminated soils of the Murmansk region. The number of immobilized bacteria on the studied carriers remains high throughout 9 months of storage, and the bacterial film on the surface of mineral carriers persists for 12 months of storage in an air-dry state. When storing biogeosorbents, no special conditions or additional preparation are required before use. Mineral carriers have a stimulating effect on the height of seedlings and the length of roots of test plants. When biogeosorbents are added, the number of bacteria capable of microbiological transformation of petroleum products increases, and the degree of soil purification from petroleum hydrocarbons at the initial stage (during the first 30 days) increases. The most effective is the introduction of thermally activated vermiculite and glauconite-containing rock with immobilized hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria. The use of a biogeosorbent based on thermally activated vermiculite can reduce the cleaning time to 20–22 months, and based on glauconite-containing rock – up to 17 months, while without treatment this period will be at least 29 months.
Global LHC constraints on electroweak-inos with SModelS v2.3
Authors: Altakach Mohammad Mahdi , Kraml Sabine , Lessa Andre , Narasimha Sahana , Pascal Timothée , Reymermier Théo , Waltenberger Wolfgang
Published: April 2024

Electroweak-inos, superpartners of the electroweak gauge and Higgs bosons, play a special role in supersymmetric theories. Their intricate mixing into chargino and neutralino mass eigenstates leads to a rich phenomenology, which makes it difficult to derive generic limits from LHC data. In this paper, we present a global analysis of LHC constraints for promptly decaying electroweak-inos in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, exploiting the SMODELS software package. Combining up to 16 ATLAS and CMS searches for which electroweak-ino efficiency maps are available in SMODELS, we study which combinations maximise the sensitivity in different regions of the parameter space, how fluctuations in the data in individual analyses influence the global likelihood, and what is the resulting exclusion power of the combination compared to the analysis-by-analysis approach.
Free fermions beyond Jordan and Wigner
Authors: Fendley Paul , Pozsgay Balázs
Published: April 2024

The Jordan-Wigner transformation is frequently utilised to rewrite quantum spin chains in terms of fermionic operators. When the resulting Hamiltonian is bilinear in these fermions, i.e. the fermions are free, the exact spectrum follows from the eigenvalues of a matrix whose size grows only linearly with the volume of the system. However, several Hamiltonians that do not admit a Jordan-Wigner transformation to fermion bilinears still have the same type of free-fermion spectra. The spectra of such “free fermions in disguise” models can be found exactly by an intricate but explicit construction of the raising and lowering operators. We generalise the methods further to find a family of such spin chains. We compute the exact spectrum, and generalise an elegant graph-theory construction. We also explain how this family admits an N=2 lattice supersymmetry.
Does internal audit matter? Audit committee, its attributes, and corporate social responsibility reporting quality
Authors: Pasko Oleh , Zhang Li , Proskurina Nelia , Ryzhikova Natalia , Mykhailova Yelyzaveta
Published: April 2024

This study explores the nexus between internal audit, audit committee attributes, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure quality in A-share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2010 to 2019. Utilizing refined samples and robust datasets, this investigation reveals critical insights that a robust internal control system significantly correlates with higher-quality CSR disclosure, underscoring its pivotal role in safeguarding non-financial reporting integrity and enhancing transparency in CSR disclosures. Larger audit committees are positively associated with improved CSR disclosure quality. This highlights the strategic advantage of a diverse and expansive audit committee in navigating the complexities of CSR reporting. Contrary to expectations, the proportion of independent directors on the audit committee and the frequency of audit committee meetings do not show a significant positive relationship with CSR disclosure. Companies benefit from strategic investments in internal control systems, crucial for non-financial reporting integrity and fortified CSR disclosure practices. In conclusion, this study provides concise insights into critical factors influencing CSR disclosure quality in Chinese companies, offering actionable implications for corporate practices and regulatory frameworks.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is co-funded by the European Union through the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) within the project “EU BEST PRACTICE OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT, SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING” – 101047667-ERASMUS-JMO-2021-MODULE https://jm.snau.edu.ua/en/eu-best-practice-of-life-cycle-assessment-social-envi­ron­mental-accounting-and-sustainability-reporting/ Oleh Pasko expresses sincere gratitude for the support from the Kirkland Research Program, generously provided by the Leaders of Change Foundation established by the Polish-American Freedom Foundation.
DETERMINATION OF MAILLARD REACTION MARKERS IN DOCE DE LEITE BY HPLC-PDA
Authors: Pinto Caroline , Cunha Carolina , Mesa Natalia , Sad Maria Esther , Stephani Rodrigo , Perrone Ítalo , da Costa Juliana
Published: April 2024

This study was carried out as a preliminary mapping of Maillard reaction (MR) compounds in doce de leite (DL), as possible indicators for the intermediate stage and chemical pathways in industrial processing. For that, the objective of the manuscript was to developed and validated an analytical method to simultaneously analyze four furfural compounds in DL: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2-furaldehyde (F), 2-furyl-methyl ketone (FMC) and 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (MF) by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array detector (HPLC-PDA). The method fulfilled the acceptance criteria: selectivity, linearity (0.16-5 µg mL-1 for HMF, and 0.06-2 µg mL-1 for F, FMC and MF, R2 > 0.9974), precision (CV = 1.33 to 2.12% for HMF; 1.57 to 4.34% for F; 0.84 to 1.40% for FMC and 1.40 to 4.18% for MF), accuracy (94.40 to 102.25% for HMF; 92.91 to 108.15% for F; 90.13 to 108.48% for FMC and 93.31 to 107.70% for MF), limit of detection of 0.041 µg mL-1 for HMF; 0.030 µg mL-1 for F; 0.042 µg mL-1 for FMC and MF, and limit of quantification of 0.125 µg mL-1 for HMF and F, 0.066 µg mL-1 for FMC and 0.1280 µg mL-1 for MF. Thus, it was concluded that an analytical method was developed and validated for quantifying HMF, F, FMC and MF in DL.
Effects of conventional soil and water conservation measures on soil moisture of sloping land in the loess region
Authors: Chai Yuanyuan , Shi Xi , Zhang Runxia , Han Chong
Published: April 2024

Traditional soil conservation measures were widely recognized for their excellent ability to promote rainwater infiltration in the loess region. However, little is known about how these measures affect the soil moisture variations under natural rainfall conditions. To compare their effects on soil water content, four different treatments were conducted at runoff plots, i.e., super absorbent polymer amendment (SCR), ridge–furrow rainwater harvesting with plastic mulching (CRP), the same measure with CRP but without mulching (CRN), and flat planting (FSN, control), soil moisture at multiple slope positions and depths were periodically measured. The results showed that in the top 0- to 30-cm soil, SCR and CRN relatively greatly varied with time, yet CRP and FSN changed less. The mean soil water content of these treatments generally followed the pattern of CRN > SCR > CRP > FSN. Responding to a heavy rainfall event, the recharge and depletion rates of soil water storage generally showed similar patterns of SCR > CRN > CRP > FSN in the topsoil, yet in the deeper soil they followed the patterns of CRP > CRN > FSN > SCR. It suggested that SCR and CRN could improve the water accumulation and infiltration performances in the topsoil, and thus may be more suitable for rain-fed crop planting on sloping farmlands of the loess region.
Advancement of membrane separation technology for organic pollutant removal
Authors: Kafle Saroj Raj , Adhikari Sangeet , Shrestha Rakesh , Ban Sagar , Khatiwada Gaurav , Gaire Pragati , Tuladhar Nerisha , Jiang Guangming , Tiwari Ananda
Published: April 2024

In the face of growing global freshwater scarcity, the imperative to recycle and reuse water becomes increasingly apparent across industrial, agricultural, and domestic sectors. Eliminating a range of organic pollutants in wastewater, from pesticides to industrial byproducts, presents a formidable challenge. Among the potential solutions, membrane technologies emerge as promising contenders for treating diverse organic contaminants from industrial, agricultural, and household origins. This paper explores cutting-edge membrane-based approaches, including reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, gas separation membranes, and pervaporation. Each technology's efficacy in removing distinct organic pollutants while producing purified water is scrutinized. This review delves into membrane fouling, discussing its influencing factors and preventative strategies. It sheds light on the merits, limitations, and prospects of these various membrane techniques, contributing to the advancement of wastewater treatment. It advocates for future research in membrane technology with a focus on fouling control and the development of energy-efficient devices. Interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers, engineers, policymakers, and industry players is vital for shaping water purification innovation. Ongoing research and collaboration position us to fulfill the promise of accessible, clean water for all.
To 110th anniversary of cardiac surgeon and researcher Igor N. Meshalkin
Authors: Pchelina I.V. , Chernyavskiy A.M.
Published: April 2024

Igor N. Meshalkin (1913–1996) was Soviet cardiac surgeon, Dr. Sci. (Medicine). He was a graduate of the 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute (2nd MSMI, now the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University). He was a participant in the Great Patriotic War. Igor N. Meshalkin began his professional career as a medical resident and an assistant of the clinic of faculty surgery in the 2nd MSMI since 1947; then as a medical resident of the Main Military Hospital of the Armed Forces of the USSR since 1951 and an assistant of the general surgery department of the pediatric faculty in the 2nd MSMI since 1954. In 1958–1963, he headed the Department of Acquired Heart Diseases in the Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine (now the E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center). In 1963–1977, Igor N. Meshalkin was the head of the department in the Central Clinical Hospital of the 4th Main Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Health. His research interests were focused on urgent abdominal surgery, thoracic surgery, mitral stenosis surgery. Igor N. Meshalkin was the author of 55 scientific works including two monographs.
Received 8 November 2023. Accepted 14 November 2023.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
Acknowledgment: The authors would like to thank Marina, daughter of Igor N. Meshalkin, for providing personal documents and photographs.
DISPENSER DE ÁLCOOL EM GEL INFANTIL PARA A BRINQUEDOTECA DE HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO: UM OBJETO DE DESIGN PARA O BEM-ESTAR
Authors: Helena Berton  , Ana Veronica Pazmino
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo demonstra o desenvolvimento de um dispenser de álcool em gel infantil para a brinquedoteca do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), visto que a problemática levantada era de que o espaço carecia de elementos decorativos e os monitores necessitavam de instruções mais interativas sobre higienização das mãos. O projeto foi realizado com base nos métodos de design e diretrizes apresentados na disciplina Metodologia de Projeto do curso de Design de Produto da UFSC. A projeção do dispenser permeia temas importantes que nortearam a pesquisa, como design social, design para o bem-estar e a conexão deste com o vínculo emocional entre crianças-animais domésticos. O resultado foi a criação de dispensers de álcool em gel infantil de gato e cachorro com cores fortes, que incluem uma placa para auxiliar os monitores nas instruções do uso do álcool em gel, pensando no bem-estar e na redução do estresse da criança dentro do ambiente hospitalar.
The Two Faces of Political Parties: How They Can Both Promote and Hinder Rawls’ Public Reason
Authors: Pinto Joana
Published: April 2024

This article explores the impact of political parties on a Rawlsian model of public reason. Political parties possess the potential to play a vital role in promoting public reason by connecting the background culture and the public political forum, identifying and systematizing the diverse array of opinions within a pluralist society. They can translate comprehensive doctrines into shared public values, advance electoral programs that articulate a reasonable political conception of justice and construct the deliberative arena necessary for public reason. However, it is crucial to recognize that political parties can also undermine public reason. They may prioritize sectarian interests over shared ones, appeal to non-liberal or perfectionist values, perpetuate misinformation, succumb to the influence of monetary donations, or adopt a closed-minded and rigid ideological stance. Achieving the ideal of public reason necessitates political parties striking a delicate balance between advancing their own agendas and respecting a practice of public justification.
Zorgzame buurten: toegankelijke zorg in de buurt
Authors: De Donder Liesbeth , Kint Octavia , Dikmans Bas , Degraeve Lieselot
Published: April 2024

Wie zorg of hulp nodig heeft in het dagelijks leven, woont liefst zo lang mogelijk thuis of in de nabije omgeving met de nodige ondersteuning. Zorgzame buurten hopen tegemoet te komen aan die wens.
Mondiale belangen in de Global Arctic
Authors: Fias Mona
Published: April 2024

De term Global Arctic wordt steeds meer gebruikt om de mondiale impact van klimaat- en milieuveranderingen in het noordpoolgebied te benadrukken. Dit artikel bestudeert de betekenis van dit mondiale perspectief, de geopolitieke gevolgen en de rol van Nederland en België in de Arctische regio.
Grensoverschrijdend zorgzaam
Authors: Jonker Rens
Published: April 2024

Informele zorg, het is zo’n term die je al snel doet nadenken over wat ermee bedoeld wordt. Je hoort hem wel eens vallen in de onderzoeks- of beleidswereld , maar in het dagelijks leven kwam ik de term nog niet vaak tegen. Het Kennisplein Informele Zorg komt met de volgende definitie: het “gaat over alle zorg die niet vanuit een beroep verleend wordt en waar geen loon tegenover staat”. Is formele zorg meer waard dan informele zorg? Je zou het met zo’n definitie haast wel denken, omdat voor de eerste loon betaald wordt en de tweede niet. Of is informele zorg die wordt gegeven zónder financiële motieven dan beter? Ook dat is denk ik wat te kort door de bocht, ze lijken allebei nodig. De formele zorg kan inspringen op plekken waar informele zorg niet beschikbaar is of waar specialisatie een vereiste is. Zo lijkt me een hobbyist- hartchirurg niet wenselijk. Daarentegen is er ook zorg die noodgedwongen informeel is en de gaten vult die de formele zorg om allerlei redenen openlaat. Denk bijvoorbeeld aan straatdokters die vrijwillig zorg verlenen aan dak- en thuislozen.
Impact of an Automated Population-Level Cirrhosis Screening Program Using Common Pathology Tests on Rates of Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Linkage to Specialist Care (CAPRISE): Protocol for a Pilot Prospective Single-Arm Intervention Study
Authors: Flores Joan Ericka , Trambas Christina , Jovanovic Natasha , Thompson Alexander J , Howell Jessica
Published: April 2024

Background

People with compensated cirrhosis receive the greatest benefit from risk factor modification and prevention programs to reduce liver decompensation and improve early liver cancer detection. Blood-based liver fibrosis algorithms such as the Aspartate Transaminase–to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index are calculated using routinely ordered blood tests and are effective screening tests to exclude cirrhosis in people with chronic liver disease, triaging the need for further investigations to confirm cirrhosis and linkage to specialist care.

Objective

This pilot study aims to evaluate the impact of a population screening program for liver cirrhosis (CAPRISE [Cirrhosis Automated APRI and FIB-4 Screening Evaluation]), which uses automated APRI and FIB-4 calculation and reporting on routinely ordered blood tests, on monthly rates of referral for transient elastography, cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

Methods

We have partnered with a large pathology service in Victoria, Australia, to pilot a population-level liver cirrhosis screening package, which comprises (1) automated calculation and reporting of APRI and FIB-4 on routinely ordered blood tests; (2) provision of brief information about liver cirrhosis; and (3) a web link for transient elastography referral. APRI and FIB-4 will be prospectively calculated on all community-ordered pathology results in adults attending a single pathology service. This single-center, prospective, single-arm, pre-post study will compare the monthly rates of transient elastography (FibroScan) referral, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and the proportion linked to specialist care in the 6 months after intervention to the 6 months prior to the intervention.

Results

As of January 2024, in the preintervention phase of this study, a total of 120,972 tests were performed by the laboratory. Of these tests, 78,947 (65.3%) tests were excluded, with the remaining 42,025 (34.7%) tests on 37,872 individuals meeting inclusion criteria with APRI and FIB-4 being able to be calculated. Of these 42,025 tests, 1.3% (n=531) had elevated APRI>1 occurring in 446 individuals, and 2.3% (n=985) had elevated FIB-4>2.67 occurring in 816 individuals. Linking these data with FibroScan referral and appointment attendance is ongoing and will continue during the intervention phase, which is expected to commence on February 1, 2024.

Conclusions

We will determine the feasibility and effectiveness of automated APRI and FIB-4 reporting on the monthly rate of transient elastography referrals, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12623000295640; https://tinyurl.com/58dv9ypp

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/56607
Chronic Disease Patterns and Their Relationship With Health-Related Quality of Life in South Korean Older Adults With the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Latent Class Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Mi-Sun , Lee Hooyeon
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Improved life expectancy has increased the prevalence of older adults living with multimorbidities, which likely deteriorates their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Understanding which chronic conditions frequently co-occur can facilitate person-centered care tailored to the needs of individuals with specific multimorbidity profiles.

OBJECTIVE

The study objectives were to (1) examine the prevalence of multimorbidity among Korean older adults (ie, those aged 65 years and older), (2) investigate chronic disease patterns using latent class analysis, and (3) assess which chronic disease patterns are more strongly associated with HRQoL.

METHODS

A sample of 1806 individuals aged 65 years and older from the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify the clustering pattern of chronic diseases. HRQoL was assessed by an 8-item health-related quality of life scale (HINT-8). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association with the total score of the HINT-8. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the odds ratio of having problems according to the HINT-8 items.

RESULTS

The prevalence of multimorbidity in the sample was 54.8%. Three chronic disease patterns were identified: relatively healthy, cardiometabolic condition, arthritis, allergy, or asthma. The total scores of the HINT-8 were the highest in participants characterized as arthritis, allergy, or asthma group, indicating the lowest quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS

Current health care models are disease-oriented, meaning that the management of chronic conditions applies to a single condition and may not be relevant to those with multimorbidities. Identifying chronic disease patterns and their impact on overall health and well-being is critical for guiding integrated care.
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Individual Coping and Alcohol Intervention Program for Children of Parents With Alcohol Use Problems: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wall Håkan , Hansson Helena , Zetterlind Ulla , Kvillemo Pia , Elgán Tobias H
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Children whose parents have alcohol use problems are at an increased risk of several negative consequences, such as poor school performance, an earlier onset of substance use, and poor mental health. Many would benefit from support programs, but the figures reveal that only a small proportion is reached by existing support. Digital interventions can provide readily accessible support and potentially reach a large number of children. Research on digital interventions aimed at this target group is scarce. We have developed a novel digital therapist-assisted self-management intervention targeting adolescents whose parents had alcohol use problems. This program aims to strengthen coping behaviors, improve mental health, and decrease alcohol consumption in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a novel web-based therapist-assisted self-management intervention for adolescents whose parents have alcohol use problems.

METHODS

Participants were recruited on the internet from social media and websites containing health-related information about adolescents. Possible participants were screened using the short version of the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test-6. Eligible participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (n=101) or the waitlist control group (n=103), and they were unblinded to the condition. The assessments, all self-assessed, consisted of a baseline and 2 follow-ups after 2 and 6 months. The primary outcome was the Coping With Parents Abuse Questionnaire (CPAQ), and secondary outcomes were the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C), and Ladder of Life (LoL).

RESULTS

For the primary outcome, CPAQ, a small but inconclusive treatment effect was observed (Cohen d=–0.05 at both follow-up time points). The intervention group scored 38% and 46% lower than the control group on the continuous part of the AUDIT-C at the 2- and 6-month follow-up, respectively. All other between-group comparisons were inconclusive at either follow-up time point. Adherence was low, as only 24% (24/101) of the participants in the intervention group completed the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings were inconclusive for the primary outcome but demonstrate that a digital therapist-assisted self-management intervention may contribute to a reduction in alcohol consumption. These results highlight the potential for digital interventions to reach a vulnerable, hard-to-reach group of adolescents but underscore the need to develop more engaging support interventions to increase adherence.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN41545712; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN41545712?q=ISRCTN41545712

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/1471-2458-12-35
Embracing ChatGPT for Medical Education: Exploring Its Impact on Doctors and Medical Students (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Yijun , Zheng Yue , Feng Baijie , Yang Yuqi , Kang Kai , Zhao Ailin
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

ChatGPT (OpenAI), a cutting-edge natural language processing model, holds immense promise for revolutionizing medical education. With its remarkable performance in language-related tasks, ChatGPT offers personalized and efficient learning experiences for medical students and doctors. Through training, it enhances clinical reasoning and decision-making skills, leading to improved case analysis and diagnosis. The model facilitates simulated dialogues, intelligent tutoring, and automated question-answering, enabling the practical application of medical knowledge. However, integrating ChatGPT into medical education raises ethical and legal concerns. Safeguarding patient data and adhering to data protection regulations are critical. Transparent communication with students, physicians, and patients is essential to ensure their understanding of the technology’s purpose and implications, as well as the potential risks and benefits. Maintaining a balance between personalized learning and face-to-face interactions is crucial to avoid hindering critical thinking and communication skills. Despite challenges, ChatGPT offers transformative opportunities. Integrating it with problem-based learning, team-based learning, and case-based learning methodologies can further enhance medical education. With proper regulation and supervision, ChatGPT can contribute to a well-rounded learning environment, nurturing skilled and knowledgeable medical professionals ready to tackle health care challenges. By emphasizing ethical considerations and human-centric approaches, ChatGPT’s potential can be fully harnessed in medical education, benefiting both students and patients alike.
PROCEDURE FOR THE RECRUITMENT OF JUVENILE INFORMANTS
Authors: Arsić Aleksandar , Knežević Saša
Published: April 2024

In order to investigate criminal offences and prosecute criminal offenders, police officers and competent prosecutors engage juvenile informants for the purpose of gathering certain information about criminal activities. In the introductory part of the paper, the author discusses the definition and significance of the institute of juvenile informants. The second part of the paper presents the stages in the process of recruiting informants. The third part of the paper focuses on the engagement of juvenile informants and the analysis of legal provisions on this matter in Great Britain. This part also presents the affair pertaining to the adoption of certain amendments in the field of recruiting and engaging juvenile informants, as well as the examples of juveniles used as informants in the UK. In the next part of the paper, the authors analyze the legal provisions on recruitment of juvenile informants in the United States of America. In the concluding remarks, the authors discuss the shortcomings in the procedure of recruiting juvenile informants in the legal systemsof Great Britain and the United States of America.
Smart Helmet
Authors: G Mrs. Uma Maheswari.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The smart helmet is a unique concept that makes motorcycles safer than ever. This is a way to start and stop the car without wearing a helmet. Moreover, one of its great features is that it can quickly report the location of the bike to a specific person before an accident occurs and after the accident, with the help of GPS and GSM based tracking. Ambulance can easily reach the scene. We want to use the sensor in the helmet vibration sensor. Traffic in India is so abundant and dense that it can take time to travel even a few kilometers, which can be inconvenient for cyclists. Additionally, if you answer the phone while driving, accidents may occur. Even in remote areas, it can be very difficult to find the person who caused the accident. We have created a helmet with the best solutions to solve existing problems. The helmet is equipped with Bluetooth 5.0 headphones. We can easily get through calls and continue talking without removing the helmet. By sending a rescue notification to the desired number, it helps to deliver medicine to the victim quickly. In other emergencies such as bullying, theft, or violence, the emergency notification system can be used to request help from police or family members. These situations led us to create a smart helmet that uses the Internet of Things to reduce the risk of accidents and deaths.
Online Auction System in E-commerce Products using Deep Learning and Data Mining
Authors: Nevase Nikita , Fartale Sakshi , Gaikwad Nikita , Kamble Akshada , Reddy Prof. Suresh
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Aims: In today’s world everything is going online which effects market that are offline. Auction of any rare products are bid offline, but it’s time to push this auction system online so that more buyer’s will connect online and more bid options will available for them. Online auctions are the most influential e-commerce business applications. Although there have been considerable efforts in setting up market places, online trading still lays in its early stages. Online auction system is the best way to bid such a products who are rare and can’t find easily anywhere. This is mostly work for archaeological old products that are rare. Methods: The most impressing concept of online auction system is you don’t need to anywhere offline. It’s the system where you can bid online without investing your time and bid for particular products. Results: Using this system buyers, sellers come online and connect on web-portal using this system. Conclusion: In this system using this web- portal registered user can propose or bid for new auctions, purchase and place bid product in order to buy that item.
ESTRATEGIAS UTILIZADAS POR PROFESORES EN ESCUELAS ESPECIALES PARA NIÑOS CON TEA Y SUS CONDUCTAS DISRUPTIVAS
Authors: Jadue Araya Aixa Alejandra , Monzalve Macaya Manuel Alejandro
Published: April 2024

El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) son deficiencias persistentes en la comunicación y en la interacción social, además, desarrollan intereses restringidos y patrones repetitivos de conducta. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar los apoyos conductuales que entregan los docentes a niños y niñas con Trastornos del espectro autista pertenecientes a Escuelas Especiales. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo no experimental-descriptivo. Dentro de los resultados se demuestran que los apoyos más utilizados por los docentes son moldeamiento de la conducta, anticipación y entregar instrucciones simples, así mismo, las estrategias más eficientes son anticipación, refuerzo positivo, tiempo fuera y crear acuerdos con los estudiantes. Finalmente, se discute la necesidad de implementar estas estrategias en aulas de escuelas especiales que cuentan con estudiantes con TEA y que presentan conductas problemáticas, debido a que disminuye la ansiedad, las conductas disruptivas y logran un control del entorno, lo que lleva a un mejor aprendizaje en estos estudiantes.
Elevating Financial Literacy Among Women Entrepreneurs: Cognitive Approach of Strong Financial Knowledge, Financial Skills and Financial Responsibility
Authors: Tanggamani Vani , Rahim Azlina , Bani Hamidah , Alias Nor Ashikin
Published: April 2024

A notable challenge for Malaysian women entrepreneurs is the lack of adequate financial literacy, which leads to a major setback in their business growth.  However, it was discovered that women entrepreneurs have poor financial knowledge and a narrow-minded "just live for today" mindset when it comes to financial planning. The purpose of this study is to raise financial literacy among Malaysian women entrepreneurs to encourage accountable behavior and rational thinking to improve financial knowledge, financial skills and financial responsibility.  Thus, this study is extremely referred to in the cognitive approach of strong financial knowledge, financial skills and financial responsibility of the group to be considered, giving importance to the development of the community economic activities and program. This study adopts the theory of resource-based view and uses a mixed-method design that combines the quantitative research methods of questionnaires and qualitative research method of semistructured in-depth interviews to improve the level of financial literacy that is anticipated to advance financially literate women entrepreneurs for sustainable economic wellbeing. The outcome of this study is expected to alleviate women entrepreneurs’ economic well-being since there is no specific benchmark of financial literacy for women-based entrepreneurship currently. Integrating the standpoints of women entrepreneurs is recognized as the mission of the Ministry of Women, Family, and Community Development to increase the number of participants and raise the status of women entrepreneurs in this country as well as towards "Developing Malaysia MADANI", support the principles of Shared Prosperity Vision and the mission of SDG2030.
A data analysis system for thermal energy loss in electrical automation management
Authors: Yin Jingwen , Zhang Guifeng
Published: April 2024

In order to achieve data analysis of thermal energy loss for electrical
automation management, the author proposes a Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb
Shanno (BFGS) trust region algorithm based thermal energy loss calculation
method for the integrated energy system of electricity and gas, the BFGS
trust region algorithm is utilized to obtain the thermal energy loss
distribution of natural gas system, which is not highly dependent on the
initial value, this solves the problem of non-convergence in power flow
calculation when using the Newton method for calculation. The experimental
results show that the relative errors of natural gas system node pressure,
pipe-line flow and power system node voltage and phase angle calculated by
Newton?s method and BFGS trust region algorithm are within 1 ? 10-4, within
the allowable range, which verifies the correctness of the calculation
results of the method described by the author. It has been proven that the
BFGS trust region algorithm can achieve data analysis of thermal energy loss
for electrical automation management.
Analysis and simulation of ecological environment response of ground source heat pump system under thermal equilibrium
Authors: Han Xiao , Miao Lin , Yang Bicheng
Published: April 2024

This work is designed to study the thermodynamic equations of groundwater
source heat pump in hot summer and cold winter, and to determine the optimal
operating conditions of groundwater source heat pump by means of the
thermodynamic analysis of source heat pump, flow, unit, pump power,
evaporation side and condensation side. Practice has proved that the
equipment runs stably and with high efficiency. By comparison, the ground
source heat exchangers were compared with conventional chillers and boiler.
The results showed that the underground heat pump had higher energy
consumption, lower primary energy consumption, reduced CO2 emissions, and
reduced environmental pollution during operation, proving that the
underground heat pump had obvious advantages over the conventional cooling
and heating system. Meanwhile, this also shows that the long-term operation
of ground heating system has caused the instability of ground heating
system, the accumulation of cold and heat in ground-water, and the variation
of ground temperature, which not only reduces the system efficiency, but it
also affects the physical properties of soil itself and the soil heat flow,
and will also cause changes in soil microbial environment and vegetation
ecological environment, thus affecting the whole ecological environment.
Application of cold hot electric combined heating pump system in ecological environment building design
Authors: He Yi , Peng Yubao , Pan Zihe , Gao Qibo
Published: April 2024

Aiming at energy saving and consumption reduction, this project applies the
technology of combined heating and cooling heat pump to ecological building
design. The combined hot and cold system is an integrated control system,
which utilizes the solar system and heat pump technology (air source heat
pump, water source heat pump) to complement each other based on changes in
the outdoor environment, thus providing users with hot water heating and
cold water cooling in winter. After installing a new heating and cooling
system, coupled with well-equipped automatic control equipment, the heating
coal consumption has been significantly reduced, and the emissions of CO2,
SO2 dust, and other pollutants have also been correspondingly reduced.
Compared with the cold and hot split supply system using electric
refrigeration and thermal heating, the winter and summer sharing of the cold
and hot combined supply device not only improves energy utilization
efficiency, but also saves investment in heat source construction, thereby
reducing costs and environmental pollution.
The Influence of Labor Market Power in the Audit Profession
Authors: Aobdia Daniel , Li Qin , Na Ke , Wu Hong
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the influence of labor market power in the audit profession. Using a dataset of online job postings, we confirm that audit offices in more concentrated labor markets have greater labor market power and exercise it in the form of higher skill requirements and greater required effort from their auditors, at similar or slightly lower wages. We then show that client firms of audit offices in more concentrated labor markets are less likely to restate their earnings and have lower absolute discretionary accruals. These findings are only present when employees have lower mobility across professions and geographies, consistent with audit offices’ power in the local labor market explaining the results. Collectively, our findings highlight the importance of labor market power in understanding audit quality.

Data Availability: Data are available from the sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: J31; J40; J42; M42; M55.
Enhancing the data capture of periprosthetic joint infections in the Danish Knee Arthroplasty Registry: validity assessment and incidence estimation
Authors: Anneberg Marie , Kristiansen Eskild Bendix , Troelsen Anders , Gundtoft Per , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Pedersen Alma B
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Revisions due to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) are underestimated in national arthroplasty registries. Our primary objective was to assess the validity in the Danish Knee Arthroplasty Register (DKR) of revisions performed due to PJI against the Healthcare-Associated Infections Database (HAIBA). The secondary aim was to describe the cumulative incidences of revision due to PJI within 1 year of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) according to the DKR, HAIBA, and DKR/HAIBA combined.Methods: This longitudinal observational cohort study included 56,305 primary TKAs (2010–2018), reported in both the DKR and HAIBA. In the DKR, revision performed due to PJI was based on pre- and intraoperative assessment disclosed by the surgeon immediately after surgery. In HAIBA, PJI was identified from knee-related revision procedures coinciding with 2 biopsies with identical microbiological pathogens. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of revision due to PJI in the DKR (vs. HAIBA, within 1 year of TKA) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Cumulative incidences were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.Results: The DKR‘s sensitivity for PJI revision was 58% (CI 53–62) and varied by TKA year (41%–68%) and prosthetic type (31% for monoblock; 63% for modular). The specificity was 99.8% (CI 99.7–99.8), PPV 64% (CI 62–72), and NPV 99.6% (CI 99.6–99.7). 80% of PJI cases not captured by the DKR were caused by non-reporting rather than misclassification. 33% of PJI cases in the DKR or HAIBA were culture-negative. Considering potential misclassifications, the best-case sensitivity was 64%. The cumulative incidences of PJI were 0.8% in the DKR, 0.9% in HAIBA, and 1.1% when combining data.Conclusion: The sensitivity of revision due to PJI in the DKR was 58%. The cumulative incidence of PJI within 1 year after TKA was highest (1.1%) when combining the DKR and HAIBA, showing that incorporating microbiology data into arthroplasty registries can enhance PJI validity.
A 5-year comprehensive evaluation of maxillofacial injuries in polytrauma patients at a tertiary hospital – an epidemiological study
Authors: Muralidhar Pradeep , Bandela Vinod , Ghaffar Khan Abdul Ahad , Shah Shahi Jahan , Elfadeel Abosofyan Salih Atta , Basany Ram B , Amgoth Devi Singh , Param Shilpa
Published: April 2024

Objectives: To report and analyze the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in trauma victims and to define the role of a maxillofacial surgeon in an emergency trauma care team.
Materials and methods: Trauma patients reported and reporting to the casualty of a tertiaryhospital with facial injuries and other suspected concomitant injuries in the body were included in this study. The complete medical and radiographic records of each patient were reviewed and data was collected in a standard proforma in this 5-year clinical study (3 year of retrospective and 2 year of prospective study). The complete data related to the facial injuries and associated systemic trauma was recorded and statistical analysis conducted.
Results: A total of 18,369 patients with trauma were admitted to the hospital from May 2018 to April 2023. Out of these, 11,277 (61.4%) were males and 7,092 (38.6%) were females. Seventy percent of the reported cases with trauma were in the age group of 14–40 years. The incidence of trauma during the monsoon season was highest (n = 7,927, 43%). The commonest etiological factor leading to trauma was road traffic accident (n = 4,510, 40%). Among facial injuries, the mandibular fractures (n = 1,821, 41%) were predominant.
Conclusions: The management of polytrauma patients should be undertaken by a team of specialists which should include a maxillofacial surgeon as facial injuries were common. This data is essential in developing and assessing the preventative strategies aimed at decreasing the frequency of facial and other injuries.
Laser writing of memristive logic gates and crossbar arrays
Authors: Jones Joshua , Mao Ningyue , Peng Peng
Published: April 2024

Memristor-based logic circuits are gaining a lot of attention due to the potential for high logic density hardware and novel in-memory computing applications. Readily available methods for fabricating of memristor logic structures that are suitable for integration with conventional computer hardware are a growing need. This work presents a direct laser writing process capable of rapidly fabricating memristor logic circuits by laser irradiation of metal salt precursor solutions. Planar memristor patterns are fabricated, and their I–V response is characterized. Boolean logic gates are fabricated from planar memristor pairs that exhibit low programming voltages and rapid switching. Cu/Cu2O/Cu and Ag/Cu2O/Cu memristors are also fabricated in crossbar arrays, showing the ability to be programmed to multiple resistance states through ultrashort voltage pulses. The devices also show the potential to have high endurance and nonvolatile resistance state retention.
Port Sustainability Index: Methodological Issues
Authors: SN Chakrabartty
Published: April 2024

Approaches to find impact of maritime transport on environmental performance of ports or port regions through models with different sets of assumptions suffer from limitations. The paper describes an integrated Port Sustainability Index (PSI) by combining relevant environmental aspects of port processes and operations by transforming each indicator to follow normal distribution and taking PSI as sum of such normally distributed indicator scores, avoiding skew and outliers. Thus, there is no bias for developed or under-developed ports. PSI is simple and satisfies desired properties including assessment of effectiveness of policy measures through responsiveness, statistical tests of equality of mean PSI across ports. Dimensions of PSI can be ranked by respective elasticity. The method also helps to find growth curve of PSI of a port over time. Proposed PSI may help port authorities to evaluate their performance from the sustainability angle along with performances in the relevant dimensions and may serve as a strategic tool for port environmental performance management.
O uso do GeoGebra como alternativa didática no ensino de funções do primeiro grau: Uma experiência na 8a classe no contexto Moçambicano
Authors: Chauque Edmundo Alfredo Paulo
Published: April 2024

Na sequência da nossa participação numa oficina de formação que envolveu o GeoGebra e a Educação STEAM, com módulos temáticos, sessões de planificação, simulação de aulas em contexto de formação, acompanhamento em sala de aula e reflexão das aulas, foi realizado uma experiência com alunos da 8ª Classe (Turmas A, B e C – fase de familiarização com o GeoGebra), na Escola Básica Lhanguene – Piloto, no estudo de proporcionalidade, funções de 1º grau, resolução de sistema de duas equações a duas incógnitas pelo método gráfico (Turma C), com uso do Software GeoGebra. Optou-se por um estudo fundamentalmente qualitativo, de caráter exploratório, descritivo e interpretativo. Recorreu-se ao GeoGebra para propiciar um método ativo onde os alunos descobrem os conceitos e princípios atrás de um fenómeno observado. Assim, este artigo pretende trazer os principais resultados desta experiência, à luz do contexto moçambicano, onde as tecnologias ainda são usadas de forma tímida no ensino.
Efeito da pandemia COVID-19 no desempenho financeiro das empresas de capital aberto do setor de shopping centers na América Latina
Authors: Nascimento Daniele Muniz do , Silva Fabiana Lopes da , Sales George André Willrich , Olivo Rodolfo Leandro de Faria
Published: April 2024

Diante da crise vivenciada decorrente da pandemia da Covid-19, o estudo teve por finalidade investigar o efeito da COVID-19 no desempenho financeiro das empresas de capital aberto do setor de shopping centers na América Latina, buscando compreender o comportamento do setor frente à crise financeira global em razão das medidas de restrição impostas pela pandemia. Para isso, o estudo analisou as variações nos principais indicadores de desempenho financeiro das empresas do setor de shopping center para uma amostra final de 11 empresas. Os resultados revelaram que as mesmas tentaram minimizar o impacto da pandemia em seus desempenhos financeiros ao optar por utilizar os capitais aportados pelos acionistas durante o período pandêmico (2020 e 2021), cujo resultado pode indicar que estas empresas possuem estratégias conservadoras de gestão de risco e desejam evitar endividamento excessivo, diante das incertezas de mercado proveniente da crise econômica provocada pela pandemia da COVID-19.