bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) in Different Surgeries – An Observational Study from Ahmedabad, India
Authors: Sathwara Nidhi Girishkumar , Modi Khushbu Rajendrakumar , Sathwara Kunal Girishkumar , Dalwadi Chintan Chandrakantbhai , Dalwadi Manan Chandrakantbhai
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens in hospitals and associated risk factors are a strenuous task for clinicians to treat surgical site infections (SSIs). Isolation of multidrug-resistant organisms is an existing problem with a rising trend in Indian hospitals. We wanted to study the microbial profile, their susceptibility pattern, risk factors of SSIs, and revise the antibiotic prophylaxis policy to reduce injudicious use of antimicrobial agents. METHODS The present prospective observational study included 1073 post-operative patients of different surgeries held at a Tertiary Care Hospital in western India from July 2017 to August 2018. Samples were collected using a sterile cotton swab stick and processed as per standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. After incubation plates were examined under the reflected light they were interpreted according to clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. RESULTS Among 1073 samples, bacteriologically proven surgical site infection was identified in 63 (5.87 %) patients. In the present study, the predominant organism isolated was E. coli (28.57 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (23.81 %), Staphylococcus aureus (19.05 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.46 %), Acinetobacter spp. (9.52 %), and Proteus mirabilis (1.59 %). Pan-antibiotic resistance was noted among 14 (27.45 %) gram-negative rods and 7 (58.33 %) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated. CONCLUSIONS Overall, resistance to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics and penicillin group has increased. So, rather than moving on to the higher generation antibiotics, aminoglycosides (amikacin/gentamycin) and fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin) are the better-preferred drugs. KEYWORDS Surgical Site Infections, Injudicious Use of Antimicrobial Agents, Antibiotic Prophylaxis Policy
Effectiveness of Animation Videos as an Auxiliary Tool to Conventional Lectures for Teaching Paediatric Surgery – An Interventional Study, Kozhikode, Kerala
Authors: Bhaskar Nirmal , Narayanan Sarath Kumar , Prathap Somnath
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND At present, concepts of basic paediatric surgical disorders by undergraduate medical students is limited, which is likely due to deficiencies of traditional teaching methods. This therefore results in delay in identifying situations that mandate initial management and timely referrals. The primary objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of animation videos in conjunction with conventional lectures while teaching paediatric surgical disorders. METHODS This is an interventional study involving 60 final year MBBS students at a tertiary care institution. They were divided into two comparable groups of 30 each. One group (Group A) was educated using animation videos and conventional lectures that included three crucial topics in paediatric surgery - malrotation, intussusception and cleft lip/palate. The other group (Group B) was taught the same topic by means of conventional techniques alone (power point, pictures and usage of black board). The same teacher took these sessions (six exposures, 3 each in two groups) for both the groups, on consecutive days. After conclusion of the session, two sets of assessments (multiple choice questions) were provided to students, one soon after class and another two weeks later. Appropriate statistical methods were employed to compare scores obtained by them and their feedback through a questionnaire. RESULTS On immediate evaluation, Group A (N = 30) achieved a mean score of 21.8 ± 1.1 in comparison to 17.8 ± 1.3 achieved by Group B. On statistical analysis with independent t test, the positive difference was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). At 2 weeks’ evaluation, Group A achieved a mean score of 20.5 ± 1.3, and Group B 17.9 ± 1.5. This difference was also found to be significant (P = 0.006). On assessing feedback questionnaire responses, majority of students found the video assisted teaching method with animation video practical and valuable. CONCLUSIONS The teaching method using animation videos in conjunction with conventional lecture is more effective in paediatric surgery than teaching with conventional lectures alone. The students have also shown a favourable perception towards this method of teaching. KEYWORDS Animation Videos, Conventional Lecture, Teaching, Paediatric Surgical Disorders
Evaluation of Serum Zinc Status and Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Alcoholic Liver Disease Patients - A Hospital Based Study from Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: T Uma , P Nirmaladevi , R Shanthi , R Mahalakshmi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Alcoholism remains to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Consuming alcohol is the potent etiological factor for the development of alcoholic liver diseases (ALD), ranging from fatty liver to hepatocellular carcinoma with varying rates of development in both genders depending on the quality, quantity, and duration of the drink. Zinc deficiency has been documented with the progression of alcoholic liver disease. It is also a well-known fact that zinc is a co-factor for enzyme alkaline phosphatase. This study aims to assess the zinc status and alkaline phosphatase activity in patients with various stages of alcoholic liver disease, correlate zinc with alkaline phosphatase activity, albumin, gamma glutamyl transferase activity, MELD score and duration of alcohol intake and analysing the need for evaluating zinc in these patients. METHODS This comparative observational study involves group I healthy controls and group II patients diagnosed to have ethanol related decompensated liver disease with or without portal hypertension for more than three years from the Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Government Medical College Hospital. 5 ml of venous blood in fasting state was collected from both groups and assayed for serum zinc, and serum alkaline phosphatase activity. The data was statistically analysed. RESULTS The study results demonstrate that higher percentage of patients with alcoholic liver disease have low serum zinc levels than healthy controls. Zinc when compared with variables like serum albumin, duration of alcohol intake, MELD score, serum gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase in the case and control groups were found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS There is decrease in serum zinc level and increased alkaline phosphatase activity in patients with alcoholic liver disease. The statistically significant data is a strong rationale for evaluating the zinc status and thereby supplementing zinc to patients with alcoholic liver disease. KEYWORDS Alcoholic Liver Disease, Zinc, Alkaline Phosphatase, MELD Score
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning - A Rare Case of Survival
Authors: K Chandrashekhar , N.K Seetaram , B.H Gayatri , Hasabi Ishwar S. , Betageri Suryakanth N.
Published: June 2021

Aluminium phosphide (ALP) is a widely available pesticide. It is highly toxic when ingested, and can lead to refractory hypotension, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and fatal arrhythmias.1 Management of aluminium phosphide toxicity is mainly supportive due to the fact that there is no specific antidote, so mortality with aluminium phosphide poisoning is very high, ranging from 37 % to 100 %.
Imaging Findings in a Case of Carcinoma Oesophagus Presenting with an Intra-Atrial Mass on Echocardiography
Authors: Gohain Dhruba Borpatra , Dibragede Sujan , Das Amrita , Sarma Tanaya
Published: June 2021

A 53-year-old male presented to our tertiary care center with complaints of palpitation and difficulty in breathing on exertion which was insidious in onset and gradually progressive. He had a history of back ache and significant weight loss. His physical examination and initial laboratory work up revealed no obvious abnormality. His initial radiological investigation involved chest roentgenogram which revealed cardiomegaly with mediastinal widening and haziness in left lower lung zone (Figure 1). His (electrocardiogram) ECG revealed normal sinus rhythm. Later, patient underwent echocardiography which revealed normal systolic flow with a mass extending up to pericardium (measuring 6.9 x 4.1 cm) in left atrium obstructing mitral flow and minimal pericardial effusion. He was sent to our department for contrast enhanced computerised tomography (CT) thorax scan to evaluate the extension of the left intra atrial mass which revealed a heterogeneously enhancing circumferential wall thickening in mid oesophagus extending from T7 - T11 for an approximate length of 8.3 cm with a single wall thickness of 2.3 cm in left lateral wall. There was also a heterogeneously enhancing lobulated soft tissue density mass with hypodense area within measuring 6.4 (CC) x 7.3 (AP) x 7.9 (TR) cm in left paraesophageal region infiltrating into adjacent pulmonary vessels and left atrium forming a large intracavitary mass with collapse of adjacent lung parenchyma and pericardial effusion with a maximum depth of 1.7 cm (Figure 2 & 3). Multiple enlarged lymph nodes were noted in paratracheal, pretracheal precranial and perivascular regions, largest measuring 1.2 cm in SAD in paratracheal regions (Figure 2B). Based on the imaging findings we made the diagnosis of malignant oesophageal growth with metastatic paraesophageal nodal mass infiltrating into adjacent pulmonary vessels and left atrium forming a large intra-cavitary mass. On following up, endoscopic workup revealed a nodular growth in oesophagus extending from 33 to 38 cms with intact overlying mucosa (Figure 4). On histopathological examination of the specimen taken from the oesophageal growth revealed to be squamous cell carcinoma infiltrating to muscle coat.
Особенности психических состояний, личностной и реактивной тревожности у женщин с неудачными попытками ЭКО в анамнезе
Authors: Казакова А.В. , Дуфинец И.Е. , Мариновская В.Б.
Published: June 2021

Демографическая ситуация в Российской Федерации в настоящее время не однозначна. Наблюдается снижение репродуктивного потенциала нации, которое определено негативными социальными тенденциями, низким уровнем здоровья женщин репродуктивного возраста. В сложившейся ситуации необходимы централизованные мероприятия, направленные на улучшение репродуктивного пула. Некоторые авторы считают актуальным развитие психологической помощи пациенткам, страдающим бесплодием, в том числе при лечении методом ЭКО. На данном этапе развития клинической медицины, мы наблюдаем, что система психосоциальной помощи женщинам, получающим ЭКО, недостаточно развита. Наше исследование посвящено выявлению особенностей психологических характеристик (психических состояний, личностной и реактивной тревожности) у женщин с неудачными попытками ЭКО в анамнезе. Социологическое исследование проводили методом активного анкетирования женщин по специальным тестам. Уровень реактивной и личностной тревожности определялся по тестам Ханина-Спилбергера. Наличие тревожности и депрессивных реакций на этапе подготовки к лечению должны являться показанием для психологического консультирования.
Resistance of winter wheat cultivars to leaf rust in conditions of the Central Caucasus
Authors: Manukyan I.R. , Dogusova N.N.
Published: June 2021

The main problem of wheat immunity to leaf rust is the loss of efficiency of most Lrgenes. The decrease in efficiency is associated with microevolutionary processes within the population and the emergence of new virulent phytopathogen races that can overcome previously efficient resistance genes. The article presents the results of the phytopathological test and marker analysis of the selected material of winter wheat for resistance to the leaf rust pathogen (Puccinia recondita Rob.ex Desm f. sp. tritici.). The object of the research was 20 cultivar samples of various ecological and geographical origins. DNA was isolated from the leaves of 10-day-old wheat germs. Molecular markers were used for the following genes: Lr9 (SCS5), Lr10 (Fi.2245/Lr10-6/r2), Lr19/Sr25 (SCS265), Lr20/Sr15 (STS638), Lr24/Sr24 (Sr24#12), Lr34/Sr57 (csLV34), Lr37/Sr38/Yr17/Pch2/Cre5 (Ventriup/LN2), Lr41 (GDM35), Lr47 (PS10). Using molecular markers, the studied wheat varieties did not reveal the highly and partially effective genes Lr9, Lr19/Sr25, Lr24/Sr24, Lr41, and Lr47 in Russia, and the ineffective gene Lr20/Sr1. As a result of molecular screening, it was found that the List 25 variety had Lr37 genes; the Mif variety had Lr10 genes; the Eltan variety had Lr10 genes; the Markola variety had Lr34 genes; the Malvina variety had Lr26 genes; the Tvorets variety had Lr10 genes; the DB 1/05 variety had Lr10 genes; the Evklid variety had Lr10 genes; the Sumai aut variety had Lr34 genes; the Lebidka odes'ka variety had Lr34 genes; the Solara variety – Lr34; the Zhiva variety – Lr10, Lr34. When comparing the results of marker analysis with field resistance to leaf rust, the resistant type of reaction to infection (R) was shown by the cultivars: Battum, Eltan, Evklid, Areal, and Solara; the susceptible type of reaction (S) was noted in the cultivars Markola and Mallyska; the medium susceptible type of reaction (MS) – in the cultivars Lebidka odes'ka and Tvorets.
Пути развития познавательного интереса учащихся
Authors: Черкасов Р.В. , Базаров Р.К.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматривается такое понятие как познавательный интерес учащихся и некоторые пути его развития, а именно в рамках проектной, творческой, внеурочной деятельности и проблемного обучения обучающихся.
Значение материально-технического оснащения учебных мастерских в рамках предметной области «Технология»
Authors: Черкасов Р.В. , Базаров Р.К.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматривается значение материально-технического оснащения учебных мастерских при подготовке будущих учителей технологии, а также способы ее совершенствования.
Обзор инструментов конкурентной разведки
Authors: Одинцова М.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье обозначена роль конкурентной разведки в управлении предприятием. Приведен обзор инструментов конкурентной разведки. Представлены преимущественно бесплатные сервисы и ресурсы сети Интернет, позволяющие получить актуальную информацию о конкурентах.
Особенности перевода материалов клинических исследований антивирусных препаратов с японского на русский язык
Authors: Майборода Н.А. , Кривошеева Е.И.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматриваются сложности перевода научно-технических текстов фармацевтического дискурса с японского на русский язык. Выявлены и проанализированы особенности отчетов, составленных по результатам клинических испытаний антивирусных препаратов на японском языке, а также предложены адекватные пути из реализации в русском языке. Материалом для исследований послужили опубликованные на официальном сайте результаты клинических испытаний препарата против ВИЧ - инфекции СТОКРИН® от компании MSD.
Цифра и текст: особенности числового обозначения в русскоязычных инфографиках разных видов
Authors: Махрова М.М.
Published: June 2021

Несомненный интерес для исследования представляют структура и содержание современной русскоязычной инфографики как актуального явления информационного пространства XXI века. До настоящего момента специалистами с точки зрения лингвистической науки не рассматривалось соотношение числа и текста в инфографиках разного вида, данный аспект выбран для рассмотрения в настоящем исследовании.
Прагматика вербальной иронии в англоязычном коротком рассказе
Authors: Поштанова М.С. , Овшиева Н.Л.
Published: June 2021

В статье вербальная ирония рассматривается с позиций Неограйсовской теории разговора и теории Д. Уилсон и Д. Спербера. Выявляются наиболее частотные случаи вербальной иронии в литературном дискурсе, а также их функции.
Некоторые особенности словообразования неологизмов в современном английском языке (на материале «языка» пандемии коронавируса)
Authors: Ситникова О.А.
Published: June 2021

Данная статья посвящена словообразовательной специфике неологизмов современного английского языка, появившихся в период пандемии коронавируса COVID19. В работе рассматриваются вопросы определения неологизма, причины создания и использования новых слов, ведущих способов образования новых единиц языка, а также наиболее продуктивные модели, по которым образованы неологизмы, связанные с пандемией коронавируса.
Особенности перевода описательной документации по строительству и эксплуатации ветряных электростанций с японского на русский язык
Authors: Шевченко Е.И. , Кривошеева Е.И.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматриваются лексические, грамматические и синтаксические особенности текстов по теме строительства и эксплуатации ветряных электростанций на японском языке. Исследуются способы образования терминологии и описываются заимствованные сокращения для обозначения технических деталей и специфики процессов. На материале оригинальной документации, анализируются и предлагаются к использованию наиболее эффективные способы перевода документации в рамках указанной темы с японского на русский язык.
Типология учѐных: этические ракурсы. Подступ к теме
Authors: Зимбули А.Е.
Published: June 2021

Науку, одну из важнейших сфер культуры, создают представители особой профессиональной общности, учѐные. Это – специалисты, которые не просто получили систематизированные знания в определѐнной области, но и продолжают заниматься поиском, осмыслением, систематизацией объективных знаний о действительности в целях содействовать дальнейшему развитию этой действительности. Особый ракурс на то, какие в науке объективно складываются взаимоотношения, существует у этики. В еѐ рамках удастся всмотреться в типологию учѐных, исходя из структуры научной деятельности: МОТИВ, ЦЕЛЬ, КОНТЕКСТ, ИНСТРУМЕНТ, СТАРАНИЯ, РЕЗУЛЬТАТ, ОТНОШЕНИЕ. В статье предложен этический анализ разнообразия учѐных на основе понимания указанных компонентов. Выводы из анализа таковы: перечисленные этически значимые компоненты научной деятельности дают возможность обозначить на каждом из указанных компонентов множественность типов людей, занимающихся наукой. Становится реальным получить целостную картину, и дать возможность учѐным совмещать саморазвитие с совершенствованем всей мировой культуры.
Влияние Бенедикта Спинозы на творчество Джордж Элиот
Authors: Широкова Г.А.
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена сущности влияния Бенедикта Спинозы на творческие труды Джордж Элиот. Автор описывает ключевые моменты биографии Спинозы, раскрывает причины медленного роста популярности философа-рационалиста. Исследовательский акцент в статье делается на «Этике» Б. Спинозы. Основой анализа становятся религиозные мотивы, философские суждения и эвдемонистические аспекты в творчестве Джордж Элиот, которые сформировались у нее благодаря влиянию Б. Спинозы. Автор приходит к выводу, что работа Джордж Элиот над произведением «Этика» Спинозы стала педагогическим пространством и внесла очевидный вклад в этический жанр, который стал включать в себя философские идеи.
Особенности стабилизации и укрепления доходов регионального бюджета в условиях экономической неопределенности
Authors: Богославцева Л.В. , Султуханов А.И.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы формирования доходов областного бюджета Ростовской области на среднесрочный период. Сделан вывод о приоритете налоговой составляющей, которая базируется на федеральном и региональном законодательстве. Обоснован рост безвозмездных поступлений в областной бюджет из федерального бюджета в условиях экономической неопределенности. Определены возможности укрепления собственных доходов областного бюджета к 2023 году.
A case report of simultaneously acute myocardial infarction and pneumonitis associated with vaping electronic cigarette
Authors: ABUSHAREKH Mohammed , ERCAN Ertugrul , GÖÇER Hakan , DURUKAN Ahmet Barış
Published: June 2021

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have recently been widely used as a method to conventional smoking cessation or as an alternative, especially among young population. The newly identified E-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI) and the risk of myocardial infarction may lead to catastrophic consequences including death. Herein, we present the case of a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) accompanied by Pneumonitis in the setting of E-cigarette use in a 37-year-old male who presented with retrosternal chest pain at rest and shortness of breath that started 2 hours before admission.
Sternotomi ile ameliyat edilen hastalarda negatif basınçlı yara kapama sistemi kullanım tecrübemiz
Authors: BEYAZPINAR Deniz Sarp
Published: June 2021

Amaç: Sternotomi sonrası mediastinit kalp cerrahisinin önemli sorunlarında birisidir. Mediastinit gelişen hastalarda mortalite ise hatrı sayılır derecede yüksektir. Negatif basınçlı yara kapama sistemi (VAK) yüzeyel kronik yaraların tedavisi amacı ile kullanılmaktadır. Biz de sternotomi ile opere ettiğimiz ve ameliyat sonrası yara yeri enfeksiyonu gelişen hastalardaki VAK kullanım tecrübelerimi paylaşmak istedik.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2014 yılından itibaren açık kalp cerrahisi geçirmiş olan 2474 hasta retrospektif olarak incelenilmiştir. Yara yerinde akıntı şikayeti ile başvurmuş toplam 87 hasta çalışmaya alınmıştır. 49 hastaya açık pansuman yapılmışken, 38 hastaya VAK tedavisi uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: VAK tedavisi uygulanılan grubun yaş ortaması 63,35 ± 1,15 iken açık pansuman yapılan grupta 65,06 ± 2,94'tur. VAK tedavisi uygulanılan grubun BMI ortaması 27,83 ± 4,69 iken açık pansuman yapılan grupta 27,93 ± 4,68'tur. Mortalite açısından iki grup karşılaştırıldığındada iki grup arasında istatistiksel fark saptanmamıştır. VAK tedavisi uygulanılan grubun hastane ortalama yatış süresi 26,33 ± 11,67 iken açık pansuman yapılan grubunda 42,26 ± 5,24'tur. İki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark mevcuttur (p˂0,005).

Sonuç: VAK sistemleri kalp cerrahisinin önemli bir komplikasyonu olan mediastinit tedavisinde iyi bir seçenektir. Her kliniğin uygulama yöntemleri değişik olsa dahi doğru kullanıldığında ciddi fayda gösterdiğini hem bizim hemde literatürdeki diğer çalışmalar net bir şekilde göstermiştir.
Comparison of posttraumatic growth, depression, anxiety and social support in breast cancer patients with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: BİÇER KANAT Bilgen , YILMAZ ÖZPOLAT Ayşe Gül
Published: June 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the posttraumatic growth (PTG), depression, anxiety and social security in individuals with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSS).

Material and Methods: 80 patients aged between 18 and 65, who presented to outpatient clinic of Medical Oncology Department, and who were diagnosed with breast cancer at least one year ago, were admitted to the study. These patients were assessed with the Impact of Event Scale (IES), Posttraumatic Growth Scale (PTGS), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Sociodemographic Data Collection Form.

Results: Pursuant to IES score, it was observed that 30 participants (37.5%) had PTSD related to breast operation. Posttraumatic growth scores of patients suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder was found to be significantly (p
Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Balance and Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Patients with Polycythemia Vera
Authors: KOYUNCU Mahmut Bakır , BASİR Hakan , ILGAN Mustafa , UÇAR Mehmet Ali , AKDENİZ Aydan , TOMBAK Anıl , TİFTİK Eyüp Naci , NEŞELİOĞLU Salim , EREL Özcan
Published: June 2021

Aim: Polycythemia vera is a chronic myeloproliferative disease characterized by increased red cell mass and JAK2 mutation positivity. Transformation to myelofibrosis and acute leukemia is possible in patients with polycythemia vera. Oxidative stress causes DNA damage and might be a reason for malignant transformation. Thiol molecules can prevent the harmful effects of oxidative stress. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the state of thiol homeostasis in patients with polycythemia vera.
Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients with polycythemia vera and 80 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Serum samples of the cases were stored until the end of the study. Native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, and ischemia modified albumin levels were determined.
Results: The mean ischemia modified albumin (1.09±0.21 vs 0.67±0.08; p<0.001, mean disulfide (23.5±6.1 vs 10.7±2.6; p<0.001), the mean disulfide/native thiol ratio (5.6±1.1 vs 3.1±1.2; p<0.001), the mean disulfide/total thiol ratio (5.0±0.9 vs 2.9±1.0; p<0.001), the mean native thiol (418.9±80.6 vs 371.4±103.7; p=0.024), the mean total thiol (466.0±89.8 vs 393.0±105.5; p=0.001) and the mean disulfide/total thiol ratio (89.8±1.8 vs 94.1±2.0; p<0.001) were found higher in polycythemia vera patients. Ischemia modified albumin levels were also higher in high-risk polycythemia vera patients. Patients on ruxolitinib therapy had higher native thiol, total thiol and disulfide levels, and higher disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol ratios.
Conclusion: Oxidative stress markers are still high in patients with polycythemia vera who were under treatment. Besides, ruxolitinib may be helpful to decrease oxidative stress in these patients.
ANÁLISE SOCIOECONÔMICA E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS PESQUEIROS DA COMUNIDADE DE IGUAÍBA, MARANHÃO
Authors: Nunes Yago Bruno Silveira , Diniz Thalline Santos , Figueiredo Marina Bezerra
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e caracterizar os aspectos socioeconômicos dos pescadores artesanais e a atividade pesqueira da comunidade de Iguaíba, localizada no município de Paço do Lumiar, Maranhão. A identificação de campo foi realizada por meio de visitas in loco. A principal técnica de coleta de dados foi a realização de entrevista semiestruturadas, contendo questões abertas e fechadas. Constatou-se que cerca de 95% dos pescadores entrevistados possuem o ensino fundamental incompleto. As pescarias são divididas entre o dono do barco e os pescadores, ou seja, 50% para o dono do barco e os outros 50% é dividido pelos outros pescadores. A comunidade pesqueira da Iguaíba é composta por pessoas que não dependem somente da pesca, mas sim de outras atividades produtivas, como: agricultura e manutenção de embarcações. Foram identificados oito sistemas de produção pesqueira na comunidade, sendo eles pedra, tainheira, malhão, manjuba, tarrafa, corvina, bandeirado e gozeira, em que a falta de investimentos acarreta na pouca autonomia das embarcações, nas condições de armazenamento dos organismos e na manutenção dos petrechos de pesca. A situação financeira das pessoas da região se caracteriza como relativamente baixa, já que dependem exclusivamente da pesca artesanal, da agricultura e de outras atividades lucrativas.SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FISHING SYSTEMS OF THE COMMUNITY OF IGUAÍBA, MARANHÃOABSTRACTThis work aimed to identify and characterize the socioeconomic aspects of artisanal fishermen and the fishery in the community of Iguaíba, located in the county of Paço do Lumiar, in the state of Maranhão. Field identification was carried out through on-site visits, as well as direct observations. The maindata collection technique was semi-structured interview, containing open and closed questions. It was found that about 95% of the fishermen interviewed had incomplete elementary education. The fisheries are divided between the owner of the boat and the fishermen, with 50% for the owner of the boat and the other 50% divided by the other fishermen. The fishing community of Iguaíba iscomposed of people who do not depend only on fishing, but on other productive activities, such as agriculture and boat maintenance. Eight fishery production systems were identified in the community, such as stone, tainheira, malhão, manjuba, tarrafa, corvina, bandeirado and gozeira, in which lack of investment implies little vessel autonomy, storage conditions of organisms and maintenance of fishing gear. The financial situation of the people in the region is characterized as relatively low, as they depend exclusively on small-scale fisheries, agriculture and other earning activities.Keywords: Artisanal fisheries; Socioeconomic profile; Fishing activity.
FLORA DO ESTRATO HERBÁCEO DA RESTINGA DA PRAIA DO CAÚRA, SÃO JOSÉ DE RIBAMAR, MARANHÃO
Authors: Guterres Aryana Vasque Frota , Amorim Ingrid Fabiana Fonseca , Silva Antonio Fernando Costa da , Almeida Jr. Eduardo Bezerra de
Published: June 2021

Este estudo teve por objetivo registrar a flora do componente herbáceo da restinga da Praia do Caúra, apontando a riqueza, formas de vida e trazendo contribuições para o conhecimento florístico do litoral maranhense. O estudo foi desenvolvido na restinga da Praia do Caúra (02º33’14,20’’S, 44º02’13,99’’W), São José de Ribamar. Foram realizadas coletas mensais, do estrato herbáceo, entre 2015 a 2017, por meio de buscas exploratórias nos diferentes trechos darestinga. Foram identificadas 85 espécies, 68 gêneros e 28 famílias. As famílias mais representativas foram Fabaceae, com 16 espécies e Cyperaceae, com 12 espécies, seguido de Poaceae (9 spp), Asteraceae (6 spp), Euphorbiaceae e Passifloraceae, com 5 espécies, cada. A espécie Passiflora porophylla foi registrada pela primeira vez para o Maranhão. Foram identificados seis tipos de formas de vida (Caméfitos, Geófitos, Hemicriptófito, Holoparasita,Terófito e Trepadeira). Por fim, a riqueza registrada na área reforça a necessidade de manutenção da vegetação de restinga diante da perda da flora que vem acontecendo no local.Palavras-chave: Riqueza de espécies; Formas de vida; Costa maranhense; Nordeste. ABSTRACTThis paper aimed to record the flora of the herbaceous component of Praia do Caúra restinga, pointing out the richness, life-forms, and bringing contributions to the floristic knowledge of the coast of Maranhão state. The study was carried out in the Praia do Caúra restinga (02º33’14.20’’S, 44º02’13.99’’W), in the municipality of São José de Ribamar. Monthly collections of herbaceous strata were carried out between 2015 to 2017, through exploratory walks in the different stretches of the restinga. In the study area, 85 species, 68 genera and 28 families were identified. The most representative families were Fabaceae, with 16 species, and Cyperaceae, with 12 species, Poaceae (9 spp), Asteraceae (6 spp), Euphorbiaceae, and Passifloraceae, with 5 species, each. Passiflora porophylla was registered for the first time in Maranhão state. There were identified six types of life forms (chamaephytes, geophytes, Hemicryptophyte, Holoparasite, Terophyte and Vine. Therefore, the high number of speciesrecorded in the area reinforces the need to maintain restinga vegetation because of the loss of flora that has been happening in the area.Keywords: Species richness; Life-forms; Coast Maranhão; Northeast.
MACROALGAS ADERIDAS EM RIZÓFOROS DE Rizophora mangle L. EM BOA VIAGEM-SÃO JOSÉ DE RIBAMAR-MARANHÃO
Authors: Freire Luina Santos Serra , Viana Luana da Silva , Silva Natália de Jesus Carneiro , Fontes Khey Albert de Azevedo
Published: June 2021

Esta abordagem teve como objetivo analisar as comunidades de macroalgas aderidas em rizóforos de Rizophora mangle L. na praia de Boa Viagem, São José de Ribamar-Maranhão como parâmetro para compreender melhor os diferentes níveis de variação observados no “Bostrychietum” de diferentes áreas de manguezal nas duas baías que compõem o Golfão Maranhense. Foram traçados 12 transectos de linha de novembro de 2018 a maio de 2019. Foram analisados 108 rizóforos englobados pelos transectos ao longo das coletas. Foram registrados os valores de O2 dissolvido, temperatura da água, pH e salinidade, bem como foram considerados os valores de precipitação disponibilizados por órgão oficial. 17 taxa infragenéricos (06 Chlorophyta e 11 Rhodophyta) foram identificados. Observou-se um crescimento tanto na biomassa total quanto na biomassa das espécies ao longo das coletas. Não foi observado nenhum padrão determinante de distribuição vertical das macroalgas. Os valores de precipitação apresentaram uma correlação positiva com os valores de biomassa algácea total.  ABSTRACTThis survey aimed to assess macroalgae community attached to rhizophores of Rizophora. mangle L. in Boa Viagem beach, São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, as a parameter to a better understand of the diff erent levels of variation observed inside “Bostrychietum” from diff erent areas of mangroves in the two bays that integrate Golfão Maranhense. 12 line transects were performed from november/2018 to may/2019. 108 rhizophores selected randomly along the transects were analised. Values of dissolved O๗, water temperature, pH and salinity were registered as well as precipitation levels, provided by offi cial department, were also considered. 17 infrageneric taxa were identifi ed (06 Chlorophyta and 11 Rhodophyta). It has been observed an increase in total biomass, as well as individual biomass species along the time of sampling. Vertical distribution pattern were not observed. Precipitation levels correlated positively to total macroalgae biomass.Keywords: Algae; Mangrove; “Bostrychietum”.
Polish Domestic Tourism in the Face of SARS‑CoV–2 Pandemic
Authors: Piechaczek Aneta
Published: June 2021

The paper focuses on the tourism market in the face of the SARS‑CoV–2 pandemic. Its aim is to verify whether Polish tourism in this period actually recorded such a significant drop in interest. The research is based on secondary data from the reports of Statistics Poland concerning the use of accommodation facilities in Poland by both Poles and foreign tourists. Accommodation services offered by accommodation facilities constitute one of the basic tourist services included in the tourist market. Verifying their situation in the holiday season 2020 is therefore one of the easiest ways to estimate the impact of the pandemic on the tourism market in Poland. The paper also includes a comparison of data on Polish tourists in 2020 in relation to previous years. The research was conducted with the use of ANOVA analysis of variance.
A Pre Post-COVID–19 Pandemic Review of Regional Connectivity and Socio-Economic Development Reforms: What Can Be Learned by Central and Eastern European Countries from the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
Authors: Ullah Atta , Pinglu Chen , Ullah Saif , Elahi Muhammad Ather
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to highlight the role of mutual assistance of China and Pakistan’s regional connectivity through the China‑Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and show what lessons can be learned by Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs). CPEC promotes trade, FDI, peace, and sustainable socio‑economic development, and it can help to alleviate the effects of COVID–19 in the region to promote socio‑economic development. In this study, we employed the Rolling Window Approach (Rolling Moving Average Approach) for data analysis of pre‑ and post‑COVID–19. It also focuses on before and after the CPEC initiative’s impact on the Pakistani economy through the Rolling Window Approach and graphical trends. In Pakistan, thanks to CPEC; trade, FDI, remittance, and the stock exchange (PSX) showed an upward shift. Terrorism decreased, which indicates a positive sign for peace and socio‑economic development. However, currency depreciation increased, and the exchange rate trend is going up against the dollar, hurting the economy badly in several ways, such as the balance of payment, current account deficit, and lower some exports. To mitigate these issues, Pakistan and China have taken steps as trade formulated in domestic currency between China and Pakistan. During COVID–19, the provision of health care equipment on a priority basis from China helped to combat the COVID–19 effects and stabilize Pakistan’s Economy. CPEC is structured to connect regional economic zones by forming local, regional, and global value chains. To cope with the COVID–19 impacts, socio‑economic reforms and regional cooperation are suggested for CEECs with a pre‑post circumstances review. Regional integration and cooperation are key to coping with this pandemic. CEECs can learn lessons from CPEC for socio‑economic development, reducing violence, and improving the economy.
A Comparative Analysis of the Trade and Industrial Policies of Ukraine and China in the Context of the Obor Initiative
Authors: Ostashko Tamara , Olefir Volodymyr , Venger Vitalii , Boiko Olena
Published: June 2021

The world economy is evolving towards multipolar globalization, and China has become a new pole of economic development. Ukraine, like other countries, is looking for ways to cooperate with China in the field of trade and investment. China, for its part, offers a model of cooperation within the framework of the OBOR (One Belt, One Road) initiative. Along with Chinese investment in transport and logistics infrastructure, OBOR aims to conclude FTAs with the countries participating in the initiative; thus, the article focuses on the issues of trade, and Ukraine’s industrial and innovation policy in the context of the OBOR initiative. A comparative analysis of both countries’ trade and industrial policies was conducted to provide a basis for evaluation. The terms of trade between Ukraine and China are not symmetrical due to the difference in the scale of the economy and trade. Additionally, Ukraine’s trade regime is relatively liberal, while the Chinese market is protected by higher tariff and non‑tariff barriers. Furthermore, the current situation in mutual trade is asymmetric. Ukraine exports mainly raw materials to China, while exports from China to Ukraine are dominated by investment and consumer goods.

The import dependence of the Ukrainian economy, in general, is high without any noticeable signs of decline. In 2014–2018, the share of imports of goods and services in GDP in Ukraine averaged 54% (for comparison, in China, this parameter was 19%). In 2018, 55% of Ukraine’s negative balance in trade in goods was due to trade with China. China seeks to conclude FTAs under the OBOR initiative, but in the current context, the liberalization of trade regimes with China will result in Ukraine growing its raw material exports to China and increasing its dependence on Chinese imports. On the other hand, China’s investment, production, research, and technological opportunities can become an important resource for Ukraine to modernize its economy. Promising areas of Chinese investment include high technology, in particular, aviation, shipbuilding, bioengineering, the development of new materials, and more. Ukraine is interested in China’s experience in implementing a number of state programs in the field of innovation development of Chinese industrial enterprises. The support system for clusters, industrial parks, Free Economic Zones (FEZs), and technology parks can be recommended for introduction into Ukrainian legislation in the sphere of developing an innovation structure in Ukraine.
Prenatal Bağlanmayı Destekleyici Bakım Uygulamaları
Authors: TESKERECİ Gamze , ÜNAL Aysun , ÖZBEK Nazlı , KOÇAK Bedia
Published: June 2021

Anne-bebek bağlanması, gebelik döneminden başlayıp, doğum ve doğum sonu dönemde devam eden bir süreçtir. Kadın sağlığı

alanında çalışan hemşire ve ebelerin prenatal bağlanmanın desteklenmesinde önemli rol ve sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır. Bu

derleme ile literatür ışığında prenatal bağlanmayı değerlendiren ölçüm araçlarının, etkileyen faktörlerin ve destekleyici kanıta

dayalı uygulamaların sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan literatür incelemesi sonucunda; gebelerde anne-bebek bağlanmasını

değerlendiren ve Türkçe geçerlik-güvenirliği yapılmış olan “Maternal-Fetal Bağlanma Ölçeği”, “Prenatal Bağlanma Envanteri”,

“Anne Doğum Öncesi Bağlanma Ölçeği” ve “Prenatal Bağlanma Ölçeği”ne ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmalarda prenatal bağlanmayı

etkileyen pek çok bireysel ve çevresel faktörün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ulaşılabilen deneysel çalışmalarda prenatal bağlanmayı; fetal

hareket sayımı, leopold manevrası uygulaması, gebe eğitimi ve danışmanlık, baba eğitimi, doğuma hazırlık eğitimi, gevşeme

egzersizi ve rehberli imgeleme, bilişsel davranışçı terapiler, yoga ve meditasyon uygulamalarının desteklediği, müzik dinletmenin

ise etkilemediği gösterilmiştir. Hemşirelerin düşük prenatal bağlanma riski olan gebelere ucuz ve non-invaziv olan bu uygulamalar

hakkında eğitim ve danışmanlık vermesi, gebenin kendisi için seçeceği en uygun yöntemi kullanması için desteklemesi

önerilmektedir. Ayrıca ülkemizde prenatal bağlanmada kanıta dayalı uygulamaların etkinliğini test eden çalışmaların sınırlı

olduğu, daha fazla randomize kontrollü çalışmalara gereksinim olduğu saptanmıştır.
Duygu Odaklı Terapi Yaklaşımı Çerçevesinde COVID-19 Salgını ve Depresyon
Authors: GÖK Ayşe
Published: June 2021

Duygu odaklı terapi yaklaşımı, diğer yaklaşımlara göre depresyon tedavisi üzerindeki etkililiği çeşitli araştırma bulgularınca

desteklenen bütüncül bir yaklaşımdır. Duygu odaklı terapi duyguların fark edilmesi, anlaşılması, ifade edilmesi, düzenlenmesi,

yeniden anlamlandırılması ve dönüştürülmesini amaç edinmiştir. Tüm dünyayı derinden etkileyen Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı

(COVID-19) olarak adlandırılan virüs salgını ile birlikte bu salgın ile ilişkili depresyon semptomlarında artış meydana gelmiştir.

Duygu odaklı terapi yaklaşımına göre, depresyonda duygulanımların yönetilebilmesi önemlidir. Duygu düzenlemesiyle ilgili

sorunlar depresif ruh hallerine ve işlevsiz davranışlara neden olabilmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada COVID-19 salgınında

duygular ve depresyon ile depresyonun duygu odaklı terapisine ilişkin bir sistematik derleme yapılmıştır.
El balanced scorecard como herramienta estratégica para la gestión de las funciones sustantivas de los institutos superiores tecnológicos
Authors: Granda Carlos Augusto Marín , Morán Angela Alexandra Barco , Verduga Gema Carolina Correa , Moreno Gladys Elizabeth Mosquera , Orozco Guisela Mariuxi Falconi
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo contiene los componentes fundamentales de la Herramienta Cuadro de Mando Integral CMI o Balanced Scorecard, propuesto por Kaplan y Norton (2009) como fundamento teórico y práctico que permite realizar un modelo basado en las funciones sustantivas y aplicable en los Institutos Tecnológicos Superiores, utilizando todos los conceptos básicos del Plan Estratégico bajo cuatro puntos de vista: Docencia, Investigación, Vinculación con la Comunidad y Administrativo-Financiero. La adopción de modelos de gestión estratégica apropiada en las instituciones de educación superior es de excepcional importancia, por ende se buscó evaluar la gestión y proponer un modelo de administración basado en el CMI en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior Juan Bautista Aguirre. La metodología aplicada fue de enfoque cualitativo con un diseño no experimental y de alcance descriptivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por directores y educadores, elegidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. La gestión institucional se evaluó mediante análisis FODA y encuestas aprobadas por el alfa de Cronbach, adquiriendo como tabla resultados estrategias que incorporan y dinamizan la misión y visión institucional a través del CMI y el mapa estratégico cuyos indicadores podrá medir el desempeño de los objetivos relacionados desde las perspectivas estratégicas. Se concluye que la evaluación detecto insatisfacción del personal en relación con el sistema de gestión y el CMI propuesto establecerá los objetivos, indicadores y metas estratégicas con un adecuado alineamiento lo que daría como resultado una mejora de la gestión estratégica de esta institución.
Existence Of Right Ventricular Structural And Functional Changes In Essential Hypertension And
Authors: Minashvili Ana , Rekhviashvili Ann
Published: June 2021

The structural and functional changes of left and right ventricles as well as the existence of ventricular interaction in patients with arterial hypertenison (AH) were discussed in many research papers. Therefore, published data regarding right ventricular changes under influence of AH are scarce, non-univocal, and sometimes contradictory. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of clinical trials addressing the influence of circadian BP profile on RV structure and function. The importance of right ventricular function in maintaining global cardiac performance was proven. However, the importance of the right ventricular structure and function for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is still under debate. Despite the abundance of the study data and high vulnerability of the right ventricle under influence of AH, the world's leading contemporary guidelines of the AH management, right ventricular remodeling, its morphology, function, evaluation, predictive and prognostic value are neither discussed nor mentioned. Hence, we strongly believe that further investigations are needed to determine the exact clinical utility and prognostic value of right ventricular functional and morphological changes in patients with arterial hypertension. Moreover, standardization and improvement of diagnostic methodologies of the RV changes via echocardiography, computed tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging are important, which might have a crucial meaning for professionals involved in AH management. The review article aims to discuss anatomic and physiologic aspects of the right ventricle and their discrepancies according to age, sex, and race, the prognostic meaning of RV remodeling, and review current publications regarding the influence of high blood pressure and its circadian profile on the prevalence of functional and structural changes of RV. Hence, we performed a literature search of the PUBMED database using the medical subject headings "arterial hypertension", "essential hypertension", "systemic hypertension", "circadian BP profile", "remodeling", "right ventricle", "morphology", "anatomy" and "function". A manual search for additional studies was performed using references cited in the original articles.
Qualité Des Eaux De Boisson Conditionnées En Sachet Vendues Dans La Région De Dakar Au Sénégal
Authors: Dieng Modou , Kindossi Janvier , Diop Noumbé , Mbengue Mbaye
Published: June 2021

La qualité de l’eau de boisson conditionnée en sachet, vendue sous différentes marques dans les marchés de Dakar a été étudiée. Un total de 60 échantillons d’eau conditionnée dans des sachets sous 15 différentes marques a été prélevé de façon aléatoire dans les 5 différents marchés de Dakar pour déterminer la qualité physicochimique et microbiologique. Les résultats ont montré que la qualité physicochimique des eaux conditionnées en sachet est conforme à la norme réglementaire Norme NF EN ISO 19458 en la matière. Cependant, en ce qui concerne la qualité microbiologique, 83% des échantillons ont été contaminés avec une forte charge de la flore mésophile aérobie totale supérieure à celle de la norme NF EN ISO 19458 et 15% des échantillons sont vigoureusement contaminés par les coliformes totaux. Cependant, aucune présence de salmonelle n’est enregistrée dans les échantillons étudiés. Malgré tout, la population de Dakar qui utilise cet eau s’expose à des risques sanitaires. Il convient au service d’hygiène de sensibiliser et de contrôler l’activité de la vente de l’eau conditionnée en sachet.

The quality of drinking water packaged in plastic bags through different brands sold in Dakar markets has been studied. 60 samples packaged through 15 different brands were taken randomly from the 5 different markets to determine their physico-chemical and microbiological quality. The results showed that physicochemical quality complies with the standards in this area. However, with regard to microbiological quality, 83% of the samples were contaminated at a high load with total viable counts, higher than the standard and 15% of the samples are highly contaminated with total coliforms. Meanwhile, there is no salmonella contamination was recorded in the samples studied. As a result, the population of Dakar who relies to this drinking water supply is exposed to health risks. The hygiene service should raise awareness and monitor the activity of selling drinking water.