bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A intervenção nas cidades históricas
Authors: Phibel Evelyne Béatrice
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo aborda a questão da intervenção nas cidades históricas, partindo de duas premissas, o Património Cultural enquanto conceito e a extensão do termo por meio do desenvolvimento de dinâmicas operativas para a sua preservação. Da consciência Patrimonial seguimos para a reflexão sobre o processo de globalização da cultura no que respeita às intervenções no Património, nunca descurando do facto de que essas intervenções surgiram por meios teórico-práticos e independentemente da sua origem, em última instância, promovem o debate sobre a importância do património cultural na afirmação da identidade. Neste sentido os monumentos, os sítios e aglomerados urbanos não estão apenas dependentes da proteção contra o abandono, a negligencia e a ausência de cultura histórica artística. Estes contribuem também para a definição do Parque Temático, o qual nas últimas décadas generalizou-se em parte devido a um entendimento inequívoco, que legitima o turismo de massas enquanto impulsionador das vivências patrimoniais, contudo nega os riscos que este pode ter sobre o património.
O capital simbólico das decisões judiciais em versos e o acesso à Justiça
Authors: De Souza Reis Cristiane
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo analisa o capital simbólico presente nas decisões judiciais proferidas em versos e o acesso à Justiça. Não obstante as mesmas apresentem-se de uma forma menos densa, conferindo suavidade na leitura, ainda assim mantém palavras rebuscadas e termos técnicos sem explicação e, portanto, sem acessibilidade e inteligibilidade aos destinatários finais das decisões (povo), conservando o capital simbólico próprio do Poder Judiciário, que mantém a dimensão de poder sobre os súditos do Estado. Conclui-se, portanto, que as decisões judicias, ainda que em versos, são destinadas aos iniciados da ciência jurídica e não promovem o acesso à Justiça. Para a pesquisa, foram analisadas sete decisões judiciais proferidas em versos, bem como elaborado um questionário, tendo sido os dados analisados sob a luz da Análise Crítica do Discurso.
Formula aequalitas na actividade administrativa
Authors: Martins Roso Ana Cristina
Published: August 2018

Pretende-se analisar o princípio da igualdade na actividadeadministrativa, daí o título do nosso artigo: “Formula aequalitas naactividade administrativa”. Começar por referir que o princípio daigualdade, que se encontra previsto no artigo 13.o da Constituição da República Portuguesa, é um dos princípios estruturantes do Estado de Direito Democrático e Social. Sendo também um dos princípios fundamentais materiais da actividade administrativa, nos termos do artigo 6.o do novo Código do Procedimento Administrativo (corresponde ao artigo 5.o do antigo Código do Procedimento Administrativo). Propomo- nos, depois de analisar a sua importância e consagração na Lei Fundamental, irmos verificar da importância que vem assumindo o princípio da igualdade no seio da actividade administrativa.
Análise do Branding do Mcdonald's no contexto da sustentabilidade e marketing esportivo
Authors: Do Carmo de Almeida Bárbara de Lima
Published: August 2018

O artigo visa analisar o branding do McDonald's dentro do contexto da sustentabilidade e do marketing esportivo.Verifica-se que crescimento de consumidores mais conscientes e preocupados com a sustentabilidade tem incitado o Mcdonalds a repensar seus produtos e serviços para manter seu posicionamento no mercado. Com a ampla oferta de produtos e serviços, o marketing esportivo tem se apresentado como uma das vertentes do marketing para criar valor para o cliente. No esporte a emoção sobrepõe-se a razão. Grandes marcas veem no patrocínio esportivo uma oportunidade de vincular suas marcas aos valores do esporte. Serão analisados dois momentos em específicos: o programa Player Escort McDonald's na Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2010 na África do Sul bem como as expectativas para o mesmo programa na Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014 no Brasil.
Black or White? Identidade negra e representações no clipe de Michael Jackson
Authors: Da Conceição Evandro Luiz
Published: August 2018

Este artigo analisa três videoclipes centrais na obra de Michael Jackson: “Beat it”, “Black or White” e “They don’t careabout us”. Considerando que as produções culturais que integram acultura da mídia estão em sintonia com o contexto político-social em que são produzidas e veiculadas, e que apresentam objetivos para além dos mercadológicos, como e em que medida se pode afirmar que estes três videoclipes podem servir para se pensar a questão negra contemporânea, o sujeito negro e suas representações mediáticas na pós-modernidade? Em vida, a conversão de Michael Jackson em ídolo e em produto de múltiplos formatos, ocorreu por causa de ações e estratégias do mercado fonográfico e da indústria do entretenimento, incluindo a produção espetacular dos videoclipes e os aparatos tecnológicos onipresentes nos shows do cantor. Por fim, tentaremos identificar de que forma as vicissitudes da experiência negra, os dispositivos de resistência e luta contra o racismo e opressão estão contemplados na produção audiovisual de Michael Jackson.
A água no palácio de Mafra. Olhares sobre 300 anos de história.
Authors: Alho Ana Patrícia
Published: August 2018

A construção monumental do palácio de Mafra teve inicio no ano de 1717 e decorreu da vontade de D. João V, é composta por três núcleos distintos, mas interdependentes: palácio, convento e tapada, tratando-se no seu conjunto de elementos patrimoniais de elevada importância para a história da hidráulica em edifícios do século XVIII. O palácio-convento de Mafra e a tapada de Mafra constituem dois elementos patrimoniais de relevo na história do uso da água em edifícios e propriedades reais quer a nível nacional, quer internacional. Ao longo da sua história identificam -se momentos nos melhoramentos da infraestrutura relativa ao abastecimento de água, drenagem e saneamento que interessa destacar e documentar com profundidade. É nosso objetivo constituir uma base de conhecimento essencial para a compreensão das inter-relações entre sistemas, constituir fundamentação cientifica que possa apoiar as futuras intervenções de conservação e restauro; desenvolvimento de conhecimento cientifico inédito e a criação de roteiros e percursos para o conhecimento do edifício.
Duchamp e a Arte Brasileira Contemporânea
Authors: Federman Jonas
Published: August 2018

Com o objetivo de sublinhar as ressonâncias das questões duchampianas na cena das artes plásticas brasileira esse artigo apresentará através de uma entrevista, um elo de ligação entre a obra duchampiana e as preocupações estéticas levantadas pelo movimento concreto brasileiro. A década de sessenta foi especialmente importante do ponto de vista político, ético e estético. Fortes mudanças ocorreram no Brasil e no mundo a partir desse tempo, que entrou para história como um divisor de águas. Hoje, 50 anos depois, aqui recuperamos alguns aspectos desta memória.
The Two-level CES Production Function for the Manufacturing
Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Ashfaque H.
Published: August 2018

Production functions have been widely studied in the relevant
literature. In this paper, apart from labour and capital, we have used
energy as a factor input and calculated the elasticity of substitution
between these inputs, measured technical progress, and determined the
returns to scale in the manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Since we have
more than two factors of production, the standard Cobb· Douglas and CES
production functions do not provide satisfactory results. Hence,
two·level (nested) CES production function becomes the natural choice
for the appropriate technology. Using this technology, we have found low
elasticity of substitution between the three factors of production.
Furthermore, the manufacturing sector is found to exhibit decreasing
returns to scale, having experienced disembodied technical progress at
the rate of 3.7 percent per annum.
ESCAP. International Labour Migration and Remittances between the
Developing ESCAP Countries and the Middle East: Trends, Issues and
Policies. Bangkok: United Nations Publication, 1987.206 pp.(Development
Papers No.6)
Authors: Bilquees Faiz
Published: August 2018

Development Papers No.6 is a study of remittances generated by
the international migration of labour between the ESCAP region and the
Middle East. It is .~ based on six-country case studies, including
Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Philippines, Thailand and Korea. It is
divided into four main chapters on the following themes: patterns of
labour and remittance flows; impact of remittances on the domestic
economics of the labour-exporting economy; labour recruitment and
remittances procedures in the labour-exporting countries and the demand
patterns in the labourimporting countries; policies and administrative
measures of labour-exporting countries with regard to workers'
protection and welfare; control of remittances, coping with a reduced
demand for integrating the returned migrants; and the possibilities of
co-operation between the labour-exporting and the labour-importing
countries. International labour migration prior to 1970s was confmed
mainly to the western European countries and the migrants came mainly
from southern and eastern European countries. After the 1973 oil-price
hike and subsequent accumulation of oil revenues, the Middle Eastern
countries embarked on ambitious programmes of construction to accelerate
economic development. Since the scale of development process was beyond
the capacity of local manpower, there was a large flow of migrant labour
into the Middle East, mainly from the ESCAP region. Chapter 1 describes
the trends in labour-flows from the ESCAP region to different regions of
the world in the earlier period, and the sharp acceleration in this flow
to Middle East in the 1970s. Some aspects of the emigrating labour force
have a direct impact on the domestic economic and social development
process. This factor is highlighted in Section 2 of Chapter 1, which
shows that although large-scale emigration relieved unemployment
pressures in these countries, the exodous of semi-skilled and skilled
production workers created shortages of such labour in these economies.
This finding points to the need to take account of costs of training,
dislocation in production and selective wage pressures while counting
the benefits from labour emigration.
A Monetary Model of Inflation for Bangladesh, 1974-1985
Authors: Md. Akhtar Hossain
Published: August 2018

A model of inflation for Bangladesh is developed and estimated for the period 1974:2-1985 :4, in line with the monetary approach and based on the hypothesis that any disequilibrium in the real money-market adjusts itself through changes in the price level, but not instantaneously. Changes in the prices oftraded gooas in the international market, real permanent income, real money stock, one period lagged rate of inflation, and changes in the terms of trade between traded and non-traded goods are found to be the major determinants of inflation in Bangladesh.
Determinants of Family Size Preferences in Pakistan
Authors: Syed Mubashir Ali
Published: August 2018

The paper attempts to investigate and identify some of the most important predictors of family size-preferences in Pakistan. Based on cross-sectional data relating to 9416 currently married women, the results of this study suggest that having one or more sons in the family is the principal predictor of the desired family size. Yet another important predictor is the education of the wife which plays a critical role in the family size determination. The study shows that the preferences for family size do not vary greatly between urban and rural areas. However, it seems that if more refined measures of such preferences are used in the future surveys, the practice would provide a better understanding of the prevailing reproductive norms in different segments of the society.
Akbar S. Ahmed. Discovering Islam: Making Sense of Muslim History and Society. London and New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988. x + 215pp.£ 25.00 (Hardback).
Authors: Soofia Mumfaz
Published: August 2018

This book is a personalized search by the author for a reconciliation between the "Islamic ideal" and the vast variety of ethnically, economically, politically and socially diverse muslim societies the world over. The research is conducted with reference to "six socia-historical categories", which constitute for the author "a theory of Islamic History". These are: 1. the time of the Prophet and the ideal caliphs (Le., the fIrst four caliphs called Rashidun); 2. the Arab dynasties (meaning the Umayyads and the Abbasids); 3. the three muslim empires (or the Ottomans, the Saffavids and the Mughals); 4. Islam of the periphery (referring to societies in which muslims are in minority, nameiy, the USSR, China, Southeast Asia and South of the Sahara in Africa); 5. Islam under European rule (Le., under the impact of colonization by England, France, Germany, Spain, Portugal and Italy on ''muslim society"); and 6. contemporary Islam. (p. 33).
Shorter Notices
Authors: Sabiha Ibrahim
Published: August 2018

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Una mirada permanente al quehacer de la sociedad
Authors: Orozco Alvarado Julio Cesar , Díaz Pérez Adolfo Alejandro
Published: August 2018

Una mirada permanente al quehacer de la sociedad es un ensayo de reflexión que como estudiantes, docentes e investigadores nos sitúa en el quehacer permanente del especialista de las ciencias sociales. Todo inicia a partir de la definición de nuestro objeto de estudio, siguiendo con el reconocimiento de las especializaciones de las disciplinas sociales, en donde nos establecemos para hacer un recorrido en sus campos de estudios y problemáticas sociales, a las cuales llamaremos anomia social. Finalmente, asumimos un conjunto de retos y desafíos que nos comprometen a ser y actuar como agentes del cambio social, desde nuestros respectivos micros-contextos hasta la sociedad en su conjunto, a través de la investigación y la promotoría social como método de intervención social.
Pengaruh Komunikasi Horisontal, Komunikasi Vertikal dan Komuikasi Diagonal Terhadap Semangat Kerja Karyawan di Perusahaan Jamu Parang Husada Kediri
Authors: Koesoemaningroem Erna Hidajati
Published: August 2018

Produsen jamu di Kediri berkembang pesat mendorong industri jamu mampu bersaing untuk merebut minat masyarakat.Perusahaan Jamu Parang HusadaKediri dalam persaingan tersebut menghadapi masalah yaitu masih bernuansa tradisionalisme, letak perusahaan  yang  jauh  dari keramaian  kota,  yaitu di Dusun Purut Desa Parang Kecamatan Banyakan Kabupaten Kediri.Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa besar pengaruh dari komunikasi tersebut secara bersama - sama terhadap semangat kerja karyawan dan untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa besar saluran komunikasi yang paling dominan berpengaruh, diantara ke tiga komunikasi  terhadap semangat  kerja  karyawan  dan untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa besar saluran komunikasi yang paling dominan berpengaruh, diantara ke tiga komunikasi tersebut terhadap  semangat kerja karyawan. Dari hasil pengujian dengan  menggunakanstatistik  program  SPSS diketahui, bahwa variabel komunikasi vertical, komunikasi horisontal dan komunikasi diagonal secara simultan mempunyai hubungan terhadap semangat kerja karyawan. Hasil pengujian dengan regresi bergandadiketahui persamaan regresi  hubungan  antara  variabel  adalah  Y  =  6,860  +  0,263  X1 +  0,242 X2 + 0,358 X3 .Untuk komunikasi yang dominan dapat diketahui bahwa variabel X3 (variabel komunikasi diagonal) mempunyai pengaruh yang paling dominan dibandingkan variabel lainnya.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Disiplin Kerja Karyawan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Askes Di Pt Askes Kediri
Authors: Yunanto Yogi
Published: August 2018

Abstract This research is motivated researcher observations and experiences, especiallythat of PT Askes Kediri Askes Patients who are less sensitive in terms of quality ofservice and low sense of employee discipline in obeying the rules. As a result, manypatients who are less conscious and lazy to perform administrative activities.The problem of this study is (1) Is the quality of health care insurance in effecton patients’ satisfaction, PT Askes Kediri? (2) Is the employee disciplinary effect onpatient satisfaction in PT Askes Kediri? (3) Is the quality of service and employeediscipline effect on patient satisfaction in PT Askes Kediri?This study used a qualitative approach to formulating a hypothesis, then thehypothesis will be tested using a quantitative approach. Where the data obtained willbe calculated using the formula and test the statistical analisisaConclusion The results of this study were (1) Variable quality of service  (X1)to simultaneously deliver significant influence on patient satisfaction in PT Askeskediri with a probability value of b1 is 0.017 less than 0.05. (2) Variable disciplineemployees (X2) simultaneously providing significant influence on patient satisfactionin PT Askes Kediri with a probability value of b2 is 0.031 less than0.05. (3) Variable quality of service (X1) has a regression coefficient (β) for = 0.149,employee discipline (X2) is 0.123, thus it can be said that the service quality variable(X1) has a dominant influence on patient satisfaction in PT Askes Kediri .Conclusionsbased on these results, it is recommended: (1) the principal purpose of the applicationquality of service and employee discipline is to give satisfaction to the patient.Therefore, employees should always put quality of service and employee discipline.(2) the employee must be continuously examined, to prove whether the quality ofcare and discipline works are in accordance with the applicable rules. Keywords: Quality of Service, Employee Discipline, Patient Satisfaction.
Erste Schritte auf dem Weg zur modernen Psychologie?
Authors: Lathan Monique
Published: August 2018

Seit den 1970er Jahren ist die Psychologie eine der am stärksten expandierenden wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen. Auch ist ihr Gegenstand, die Psyche, aus alltäglichen wie medienöffentlichen Diskursen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Doch wie kam dieser Gegenstand in die Welt? Ein genauerer Blick auf die Anfänge der sich Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts entwickelnden Psychologie zeigt, dass die wissenschaftliche Konstruktion der Seele einer Logik folgt, die bis heute erfolgreich zu sein scheint. Menschliches Handeln scheint darin nicht schlicht einem je konkreten Willensinhalt zu folgen, der sich Gründen und Zwecken verdankt, die sich das Individuum setzt. Vielmehr werden hinter allen willentlichen Akten zugleich ganz unwillentliche Prozesse vermutet und es wird versucht, ihnen als das Handeln leitende Kräfte auf die Spur zu kommen. So etabliert und selbstverständlich dieser Gedanke gerade heute scheinen mag, so weitreichend sind die ihm eigenen Implikationen und Konsequenzen für die theoretische Bestimmung der menschlichen Individualität. Diese Logik bloßzulegen nimmt sich der Artikel am Beispiel von Karl Philipp Moritz’ Erfahrungsseelenkunde vor.
Allgemeiner Theorieverlust in der Allgemeinen Psychologie?
Authors: Lüdmann Mike
Published: August 2018

Ein auffälliges Charakteristikum der gegenwärtigen »Fachkultur« der Allgemeinen Psychologie ist, dass profunde theoretische Arbeit zugunsten einer relativ unkoordinierten Akkumulation empirischer (häufig inhaltlich wenig aussagekräftiger) Detailbefunde stark vernachlässigt wird. Während es zu vielen Neuerungen und Verfeinerungen auf dem Gebiet der Forschungsmethoden gekommen ist, ist der inhaltliche Theoriefortschritt sehr ins Stocken geraten und die Schaffung eines kohärenten konzeptuellen Gerüsts im Sinne eines Rahmenmodells der Psychologie in noch größere Ferne gerückt. Hierzu soll die Frage thematisiert werden, welche fachbezogenen historischen Verläufe sowie welche gesellschaftlichen, (wissenschafts-)politischen Bedingungen der gegenwärtigen Wissenschaftskultur diese Situation herbeigeführt haben. Zum einen spielen historische Gründe eine Rolle, die als eine »gescheiterte Vergangenheitsbewältigung« in Bezug auf die vergleichsweise späte Loslösung der Psychologie von der Philosophie bezeichnet werden können. Zum anderen lassen sich wissenschaftssoziologische Fehlsteuerungsprozesse ausfindig machen, die im Zusammenhang der Ökonomisierung des Wissenschaftsbetriebs stehen.
Die Entwicklung von pictorial literacy
Authors: Drexler Heike
Published: August 2018

Studien zur Entwicklung von early literacy fokussieren vor allem die Frühentwicklung des Lesens und Schreibens, des Schriftspracherwerbs und des Zahlenverständnisses. Neben dieser textbasierten literacy umfasst visual literacy weitere Fähigkeiten und Einsichten, die vermutlich ebenfalls erst erworben werden müssen. Aus entwicklungspsychologischer Perspektive ist vor allem über das wachsende Verständnis von bildhaften Zeichen, etwa von Piktogrammen (pictorial literacy), noch vergleichsweise wenig bekannt. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden 19 Kinder zwischen drei und sechs Jahren mithilfe von Leitfadeninterviews zu ihrem Verständnis von Piktogrammen befragt. Eine inhaltsanalytische Kategorisierung des Materials lässt auf drei Interpretationsarten schließen: 1) Piktogramme werden als Bild wahrgenommen; 2) mit wachsendem Verständnis der bedeutungstragenden Absicht wird dem Abgebildeten eine direkte Bedeutung zugeschrieben; 3) unter Beachtung des Kontextes wird von der Abbildung auf eine generalisierende Bedeutung geschlossen. Mit zunehmendem Alter nehmen Interpretationen nach Typ 1 ab und nach Typ 3 zu. Interpretationen nach Typ 2 nehmen mit dem Lebensalter zunächst zu, im späteren Verlauf jedoch wieder ab.
Анализ зависимости антигипоксической активности от структуры соединений в ряду замещенных глипролинов
Authors: Колясникова Ксения Николаевна , Кузнецова Елена Александровна , Николаев Сергей Владимирович , Антипова Татьяна Алексеевна , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: August 2018

Синтезирован ряд С-замещенных N-фенилацетилглицилпролинов и изучена связь их структуры и антигипоксической активности в условиях нормобарической гипоксии в дозах 0,1 – 1 мг/кг внутрибрюшинно в зависимости от С-замещения. Показано, что антигипоксической активностью обладают амид и этиловый эфир N-фенилацетилглицил-L-пролина, способные в биологических средах циклизоваться с образованием цикло-пролилглицина, идентичного эндогенному пептиду с антигипоксической, нейропротективной и другими видами нейропсихотропной активности. Антигипоксический эффект был стереоспецифичен: D-энантиомеры были неактивны. У этих соединений обнаружена и нейропротективная активность на клеточной культуре нейробластомы человека SH-SY5Y в условиях 6-оксидофаминовой нейротоксичности в диапазоне концентраций 10 – 7 – 10 – 5 М. Метиламид N-фенилацетилглицилпролина и аналог с открытой карбоксильной группой, неспособные циклизоваться в циклопролилглицин, были неактивны. Делается вывод, что активность замещенных глипролинов связана с их превращением в цикло-пролилглицин.
Синтез и противомикробная активность 5-(арилметилиден)-2,4,6-пиримидин-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-трионов
Authors: Лужнова С. А. , Тырков Алексей Георгиевич , Габитова Н. М. , Юртаева Е. А.
Published: August 2018

Осуществлен синтез и исследована противомикробная активность серии 5-(арилметилиден)-2,4,6-пиримидин-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-трионов по отношению к бактериям рода Staphylococcus и Streptococcus.
Строение и анальгетическая активность 13-(N-арил(N,N-диэтил)аминокарбонил)-9-метил-11-тиоксо-8-окса-10,12-диазатрицикло[7.3.1.02,7]тридека-2,4,6-триенов и их 10-N-фенилпроизводных
Authors: Гейн Владимир Леонидович , Замараева Татьяна Михайловна , Бузмакова Надежда Альбертовна , Рудакова Ирина Павловна , Дмитриев Максим Викторович
Published: August 2018

Изучено строение и исследована анальгетическая активность 13-(N-арил(N,N-диэтил)- аминокарбонил)-9-метил-11-тиоксо-8-окса-10,12-диазатрицикло[7.3.1.02,7]тридека-2,4,6-триенов и их 10-N-фенилпроизводных. Показано, что изученные соединения обладают анальгетической активностью при низкой острой токсичности.
Восстановительное аминирование стерически затрудненных ариламинокетонов с использованием модифицированной реакции Лейкарта
Authors: Скачилова София Яковлевна , Желтухин Николай Константинович , Сергеев Владимир Николаевич , Давыдова Надежда Константиновна
Published: August 2018

Реакция Лейкарта представляет собой быстрый и удобный метод синтеза различных формамидов и аминов и успешно используется для синтеза большого числа биологически активных соединений и лекарственных препаратов. Синтезированы новые 5-(N-пиперидино)-1-арилпентаноны-1 (1a – f) и 5-(N-пиперидино)-1-арил-1-аминопентаны (2a – f). Изучены свойства исходных аминокетонов 1a – f для синтеза ариламинокетонов 2a – f в условиях реакции Лейкарта и термическая устойчивость 1a – f в широком интервале температур. Проведены исследования для определения оптимальных параметров ключевой стадии синтеза — реакции Лейкарта.
Синтез, строение и кариеспротекторная активность гексафторосиликата 2-амино-4,6-дигидроксипиримидиния
Authors: Гельмбольдт Владимир Олегович , Анисимов Владимир Юрьевич , Шишкин Иван Олегович , Фонарь Марина Семеновна , Кравцов Виктор Христофорович
Published: August 2018

В работе представлен синтез, изучено строение, физико-химические характеристики и кариеспротекторная активность нового потенциального кариеспротекторного вещества — гексафторосиликата 2-амино-4,6-дигидроксипиримидиния. Получены ИК-спектры, масс-спектры EI, спектры ЯМР 19F и изучены их характеристики. Биологические исследования проводили на животных, которые содержались на кариесогенном рационе Стефана (сахароза 50 %). В гомогенате пульпы определяли активность щелочной (ЩФ) и кислой фосфатаз (КФ) и по соотношению ЩФ/КФ рассчитывали минерализующий индекс (МИ). В сыворотке крови определяли активность ЩФ и активность аланинаминотрансферазы (АЛТ). Подсчитывали число и глубину кариозных поражений зубов и рассчитывали кариеспрофилактическую эффективность (КПЭ). Полученные данные показали, что гексафторосиликат 2-амино-4,6-дигидроксипиримидиния уменьшает число кариозных поражений на 45,5 % и обладает высокой кариеспрофилактической эффективностью, превосходящей аналогичный показатель для фторида натрия в 5 раз.
Особенности фармакокинетики антибактериальных антибиотиков при беременности
Authors: Сокова Елена А. , Кукес Владимир Г. , Чилова Раиса А. , Лазарева Наталья Б. , Архипов Владимир В. , Прокофьев Алексей Б.
Published: August 2018

Представлена современная информация о фармакокинетических особенностях отдельных антибактериальных антибиотиков у беременных, включающая увеличение объема распределения, почечного клиренса и снижение степени связывания с белками крови. Показано, что существует прямая зависимость между антибактериальной активностью препарата и степенью его связывания с белками: чем больше препарата находится в связанном состоянии, тем меньше его антибактериальная активность. Приведены особенности фармакокинетики пенициллинов, цефалоспоринов, аминогликозидов, макролидов у беременных, которые предопределяют необходимость изменения режима дозирования этих препаратов. Рассмотрены аспекты безопасности применения антибиотиков для плода.
Влияние экстракта из травы зюзника европейского (Lycopus europaeus L.), обладающего тиреостатическим действием, на развитие потомства крыс в анте- и постнатальном периодах развития
Authors: Савинова Т. Б. , Крепкова Л. В. , Бабенко А. Н. , Бортникова Валентина Васильевна
Published: August 2018

Изучено влияние сухого экстракта из травы зюзника европейского (Lycopus europaeus L.) экстракта сухого, обладающего тиреостатическим эффектом, на развитие потомства крыс. Показано, что изучаемый экстракт при введении в желудок крысам в течение всей беременности в виде водного раствора в дозах 50, 250 и 750 мг/кг не увеличивал эмбриональную смертность и не влиял на массу тела и краниокаудальный размер эмбрионов. В максимальной исследованной дозе зюзника экстракт нарушал процесс оссификации 20-дневных плодов, замедляя скорость окостенения хрящевых закладок костей. Зюзника экстракт сухой не влиял на выживаемость, динамику массы тела и формирование сенсорно-двигательных рефлексов крысят, но вызывал у них гипотрофию щитовидной железы при введении в максимальной изученной дозе.
Экспериментальные и клинические аспекты взаимодействия мелатонина и эстрогенных гормонов
Authors: Арушанян Эдуард Бениаминович
Published: August 2018

Эпифизарный гормон мелатонин неодинаково взаимодействует с эффектами эстрогенных гормонов яичников. В зависимости от вида животных он по-разному влияет на женскую репродуктивную систему, внося позитивный вклад в течение беременности. Одновременно мелатонин может выступать в роли антагониста эстрогенов при действии на эстрогензависимые опухоли и в качестве синергиста при устранении остеопороза как осложнения терапии этими гормональными препаратами. Обсуждаемая проблема имеет несомненное значение для клинической практики, что побуждает к её углублённой разработке в дальнейшем.
Фармакокинетика потенциального анксиолитика ГМЛ-1 у крыс
Authors: Новицкий Александр Александрович , Бочков Павел Олегович , Шевченко Роман Владимирович , Грибакина Оксана Геннадьевна , Литвин Александр Алексеевич , Колыванов Геннадий Борисович , Жердев Владимир Павлович , Мокров Г. В. , Гудашева Т. А. , Яркова М. А. , Середенин С. Б.
Published: August 2018

На крысах изучена фармакокинетика соединения ГМЛ-1 после разных способов введения. После однократного внутрижелудочного введения в дозе 10 мг/кг ГМЛ-1 в тканях крыс определяется на протяжении 10 – 12 ч. Период полувыведения ГМЛ-1 из плазмы крови после внутрижелудочного введения составил 2,3 ч. Показано, что ГМЛ-1 распределяется в органах и тканях неравномерно. Тканевая доступность в печени составила 4,79, в органе-мишени — мозге — 0,35. Установлено, что после однократного внутрижелудочного введения ГМЛ-1 в дозе 10 мг/кг с суточной мочой выводится 0,08 %, а с суточным калом 0,39 % неизмененного соединения (от введенной дозы). Абсолютная биодоступность соединения ГМЛ-1 после однократного внутрижелудочного введения составила 0,215, что говорит о перспективе создания пероральной лекарственной формы.
Эффективность миелопида при экспериментальной критической ишемии конечностей
Authors: Орлова Анжелика Юрьевна , Суковатых Борис Семенович , Артюшкова Е. Б.
Published: August 2018

Изучены ангиопротекторные свойства миелопида на модели критической ишемии конечности у крыс-самцов линии Вистар. В качестве препарата сравнения применяли актовегин. Установлено, что миелопид в дозе 50 мкг/кг внутримышечно через 3 ч после операции, затем через 1, 2, 3 сут увеличивает плотность капиллярной сети в среднем на 31,7 % (p < 0,05), уменьшает артерио-венулярное шунтирование на 1,5 % (p > 0,05), оказывает позитивное влияние на микроциркуляцию и регенераторный процесс в ишемизированных тканях.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ANATOMY PRACTICE, USING CADAVERS AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN UNDERGRADUATE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND NURSING COURSES. La importancia de la práctica anatomía, el uso del cadáver y nuevas tecnologías en los cursos de biologia y de enfemería
Authors: Souza Heloisa C. , Toledo Neto Joao L. , Bravo Daiane S.
Published: August 2018

This study aimed to address the importance of human anatomy practice, the use of cadavers and new technologies according to student opinions. This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Data were collected from questionnaires applied in the year 2015 to 173 students enrolled in undergraduate Biological Science and Nursing courses for both levels of the Human Anatomy discipline at the Biological Sciences Center of the State University of Northern Paraná (UENP). The data confirms the relevance of anatomical practices with human parts and corpses for the practical and emotional preparation of future professionals. We conclude that there is an acceptance toward new technologies, although as a complement to using human cadavers. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo abordar la importancia de la práctica de la anatomía humana, el uso de cadáveres y las nuevas tecnologías de acuerdo a las opiniones de los estudiantes. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de cuestionarios aplicados en el año 2015 a 173 estudiantes matriculados en cursos de pregrado Ciencias Biológicas y de enfermería para ambos niveles de la disciplina anatomía humana en el centro de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Estatal del Norte de Paraná (UENP). Los datos confirman la relevancia de las prácticas anatómicas con partes del cuerpo humano y de cadáveres para la preparación práctica y emocional de los futuros profesionales. Llegamos a la conclusión de que hay una aceptación hacia las nuevas tecnologías, aunque como un complemento al uso de cadáveres humanos.
ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE MORPHOMETRY OF THE TIBIAL AND FEMORAL ATTACHMENT SITES OF THE POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; Estudio anatómico de la morfometría de los sitios de inserción tibial y femoral del ligamento cruzado posterior.
Authors: Iyaji Paul Inalegwu , Soames Roger Williams
Published: August 2018

, Although later isolated injuries cruciate of the ligament (PCL) are managed through non-operative rehabilitation, reconstruction is becoming ITS anatomic increasingly important. This study Provides Information Regarding the position and variability of Its tibial attachment sites, dimensions of the femoral insertions, Between These Comparing males and females, and Between right and left knees. Thirty one cadaveric knees (15 right, 16 left) from nine female and seven male cadavers ( mean age 77 years) Were Examined. The PCL footprint Which was Identified from the mean length and width of the tibial anterolateral (AL) and posteromedial (PM) 8.7 and 10.9 mm Were bundles, and 7.3 and 13.44mm respectively. The mean length and width of the tibial footprint in males and females 10.2 and 10.3 mm Were, and 7.7 and 11.4 mm for the AL bundle and 8.2 and 14.2 mm and 12.9 mm and 6.7 for the PM bundle respectively. The mean anatomical position of the AL and 51.0% Were PM bundles and 50.0% of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial plateau. The mean lengths and widths of the PCL femoral attachment Were 9.4 mm and 12.8 for the AL bundle and 7.5 and 11.4 mm for the PM bundle, with the AL bundle attachment being Significantly larger (P = 0.034) in evils. No Difference between right and left knees Were Observed . The data presented here will aid in making decisions to Achieve Appropriate anatomic PCL reconstruction., Although isolated lesions of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are Treated by non-operative rehabilitation, anatomical reconstruction've Become increasingly important. This study Provides information on the position and variability of the binding sites of the tibia, the dimensions of the femoral insertions, Comparing them Between the sexes, and Between the right and left knee. They Were Examined thirty-one (15 right and 16 left knees) of 9 women and 7 dead bodies of males (mean age 77 years). Brand LCP was Identified from the length and width anterolateral and posteromedial (PM) of the tibia (AL) Were the results 8.7 and 10.9 mm, and 7.3 and 13.44mm respectively. The average length and width of the mark of the tibia in the male and female Were 10.2 and 10.3 mm and 7.7 mm and 11.4 for fiber AL, 8.2 and 14.2 mm and 6.7 mm and 12.9 for PM, respectively fiber. The average anatomical position of the tendons AL and PM Were 51.0% and 50.0% of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial plateau. Half lengths and widths of the PCL femoral insertion Were 9.4 and 12.8 mm for the tendon AL and 7.5 and 11.4 mm for the PM tendon, tendon insertion site AL was Significantly higher (P = 0.034) in men. no Difference Between the right and left Knees Were Observed. The data presented here will help in the decision-PCL suitable for anatomical reconstruction decisions.
THE INFLUENCE OF DENTAL HYGIENE ON ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES OF THE PERIODONTIUM; La influencia de la higiene dental en las estructuras anatomicas del periodontium
Authors: Matuševská Mária , Kovalova Eva , Ferkova Jana , Lovasova Kvetuse , Kluchova Darina
Published: August 2018

The most common periodontal tissue damage occurs by the action of microbial plaque. A smaller percentage of damage comes from non-microbial factors (physical and chemical irritation). Between the periodontal and the pulp exists a connection. Therefore, it is necessary to know the relationship between periodontium and endodont in order to prevent damage. Positive results were achieved by the appropriate treatment in which was influenced on the  inflamation of the periodontium. It is also a need for cooperation between the attending dentist and dental hygienist. La lesión más común del tejido periodontal se produce por la acción de la placa microbiana. Un porcentaje menor de lesión proviene de factores no microbianos (irritación física y química). Entre el periodontal y la pulpa existe una conexión. Por lo tanto, es necesario conocer la relación entre el periodoncio y el endodonte para prevenir lesión. Se obtuvieron resultados positivos mediante el tratamiento apropiado en el que se influyó en la inflamación del periodonto. También es una necesidad de cooperación entre el dentista y el higienista dental.
KAJIAN UTILITAS KENDARAAN ANGKUTAN KOTA YANG BERNILAI ERGONOMI DENGAN PENDEKATAN ANTROPOMETRI
Authors: HANAFIE AHMAD , ABBAS HAMMADA , Samang Lawalenna , Hamid Sumarni
Published: August 2018

Teknologi yang dikembangkan selama ini adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia, maka semestinya manusia harus dimanjakan. Tetapi jika ternyata semua itu tidak membuat manusia merasa aman, nyaman, sehat dan mudah, maka berarti dalam proses perancangan, pengambilan keputusan dan pembangunannya telah mengalami penyimpangan orientasi. Sarana transportasi Angkutan Umum di Kota Makassar mestinya dibuat dengan memperhatikan aspek ergonomis, namun tidak demikian halnya dengan sarana transportasi untuk umum. Masalah mengenai kendaraan umum meliputi akses turun naik, hangar, tata kursi kurang sesuai dengan pengguna kendaraan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji utilitas kendaraan umum yang bernilai ergonomis dengan pendekatan antropometri., untuk menganalisis bagian-bagian tubuh yang tidak sesuai dengan utilitas kendaraan. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah pengukuran dimensi tubuh pada penumpang lalu dianalisis dengan pendekatan antropometri yang ergonomi. Berdasar hasil penelitian ukuran utilitas kendaraan umum yang bernilai ergonomi dengan pendekatan antropometri untuk bagian hangar diperoleh ukuran 104,78 cm, ukuran tinggi tangga pertama 23,75 cm, dan lebar tangga 24,25 cm, Ukuran lebar kursi/bangku 36,21 cm, ukuran tinggi kursi 44,45 cm dan ukuran tinggi sandaran 29, 84 cm. Tinggi hangar disesuaikan dengan tinggi siku berdiri sehingga pengguna lebih fleksibel untuk menjangkau hangga, tinggi tangga pertama disesuai dengan tinggi lutut diambil ½ tinggi lutut untuk memudahkah penguna pada saat melangkah ketangga, kemudian lebar tangga disesuaikan dengan panjang telapak kaki, sedangkan untuk tata kursi lebar kursi/bangku disesuikan dengan pantat keperut supaya bila kita duduk merasakan kenyamanan dan tinggi kursi disesuikan dengan tinggi popliteal ke lantai, dan tinggi sandaran disesuikan bagian belakang tubuh agar tubuh bagian belakang tidak terbentur dengan benda keras.
PENILAIAN QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT UTILITAS KENDARAAN DAN FASILITAS PEMBERHENTIAN ANGKUTAN KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: HANAFIE AHMAD , ABBAS HAMMADA , Samang Lawalenna , Hamid Sumarni
Published: August 2018

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) berguna untuk memastikan bahwa suatu perusahaan memusatkan perhatiannya terhadap kebutuhan konsumen sebelum setiap pekerjaan perancangan dilakukan. Sedangkan manfaat-manfaat QFD adalah memusatkan perancangan produk dan jasa pada kebutuhan dan kepuasan konsumen, menganalisa kinerja produk perusahaan untuk memenuhi kepuasan konsumen, dan mengurangi banyaknya perubahan desain. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji pengembangan atribut-atribut pelayanan yang diprioritaskan untuk dikembangkan, untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang sesuai dengan keinginan pengguna. Metode penelitian adalah pengumpulan data kualitatif pengguna angkutan umum di kota Makassar dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner dan pengambilan/pengukuran data terhadap penggunaka angkutan umum dan infrastruktur. Hasil penelitian atribut-atribut pelayanan yang diprioritaskan pertama adalah perlu perbaikan fasilitas halte dengan nilai perioritas 4,354, kedua material tempat duduk dengan nilai perioritas 3,680, ketiga perbaikan akses naik turun dengan nilai perioritas 3,678, keempat perbaikan tinggi kursi dengan nilai perioritas 3,511, kelima penambahan dan perbaikan trotoar dengan nilai perioritas 3,395,. Peningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang sesuai dengan keinginan pengguna yaitu perlu pertama adanya tempat area parkir dan fasilitas yang ideal bagi kendaraan angkutan kota dan penumpang agar kendaraan tidak sebarangan menaik turunkan penumpang, kedua tata kursi dan material yang digunakan sesuai dengan nilai ergonomi agar penumpang merasakan kenyamanan saat menggunakan kendaraan. Ketiga untuk memudahkan pengguna kendaraan untuk akses naik turun kendaraan maka trotoar tingginya disesuaikan dengan dimensi tubuh pengguna.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENGUKUR TINGGI BADAN BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK
Authors: HANAFIE AHMAD , Umar Bowasis , Husnah Nurul , Yunus Sukma
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah alat pengukur tinggi badan yang berbasis mikrokontroller menggunakan sensor ultrasonik untuk memudahkan pengguna dalam pengukuran tinggi badan.Sistem ini terdiri dari beberapa komponen elektronik seperti LCD, Mikrokontroller, Sensor Ultrasonik, dan masih banyak lagi yang dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman bahasa C. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini adalah pengujian langsung alat.Hasil dari tugas akhir ini adalah sebuah alat pengukur tinggi badan berbasis mikrokontroller yang menggunakan sensor ultrasonik yang dilengkapi dengan tampilan hasil ukur tinggi badan melalui LCD. Berdasarkan hasil pembuatan, pengoperasian, dan pengujian alat, diketahui bahwa mekanisme kerja alat pengukur tinggi badan berbasis mikrokontroller menggunakan sensor ultrasonik bekerja sesuai dengan harapan dan teori yang mendukung.
Tensile Strength and Density of Teki Grass (Cyperus Rotundus) Used as Materials for Fibre Composites with Fibre Angle Variation
Authors: Yanhar Muhammad Rafiq
Published: August 2018

The primary purpose of this study is to determine the tensile strength and density) of the Indonesian term teki grass (Cyperus rotundus) in which this teki grass is used as the reinforcement materials for the production of fibre composite. The production process is carried out by using varieties of fiber directions ranging from 0°, 45°, 90°,and random.The methods in use is hand lay-up with 3 repetitions. Teki grass is chosen because it is easily found and has the following significances: biodegradable, harmless to health, available in nature in large quantities, and cost-efficient. Another reason because this plant is also an agricultural weed that is difficult to eradicate, not fully utilized, and often found in open field. While a matrix for fiber binder selected from epoxy resin material. From the test results it can be concluded that the variations in the direction of fibers effect on the tensile strenght of the composite. Average tensile strength of specimens with fibre directions of 0°, 45°, 90°, and random are 15.60 MPa, 18,69MPa, 30.11 MPa, and 22.79 MPa. In contrast, variations of fibre directions do not affect the density.
Esan v.The Attorney General (Appeal No. 96/2014) [2016] ZMSC 255
Authors: Kahn-Fogel Nicholas
Published: August 2018

SAIPAR Case Review: Vol. 1 : Iss. 2 , Article 5
Monitoring ekosistem pesisir daerah perlindungan laut (DPL) Tanjung Ayuan, Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Moore Abigail Mary , Ndobe Samliok , Salanggon Al-Ismi M.
Published: August 2018

Daerah Perlindungan Laut (DPL) Tanjung Ayuan, Kecamatan Damsol, Kabupaten Donggala, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah terletak di perairan pesisir Selat Makassar. DPL tersebut terbentuk pada tahun 2006/2007 dalam rangka implementasi program MCRMP dengan SK Kepala Desa Malonas dan Desa Ponggerang. Pada tahun 2012 dilakukan penelitian sebagai upaya monitoring terhadap perkembangan DPL tersebut, terutama kondisi ekosistem pesisir dan evaluasi terhadap efektivitas pengelolaan. Metode utama pada survei biofisik adalah Manta Tow, Reef Check dan Swim Survei untuk ekosistem terumbu karang, serta transek kuadrat untuk ekosistem lamun dan mangrove. Metode survei sosio-ekonomi utama mencakup Key Informant Interview (KII), studi KAP (Knowledge, Attitude and Perception) serta pemetaan partisipatif. Hasil penelitian bahwa kondisi ekosistem pesisir maupun kinerja pengelolaan meprihatinkan. Kondisi karang keras umumnya Buruk atau Sedang, biota indikator Reef Check sebagian besar tidak teramati, dan pemanfaatan teramati di zona inti. Kondisi mangrove rusak berat dan luasannya sangat sedikit sehingga kehilangan fungsi ekosistem sebagai penahan abrasi pantai. Upaya restorasi mangrove nampaknya kurang tepat dan tidak efektif. Ekosistem padang lamun didominasi spesies berukuran kecil, yaitu Genus Halodule, Halophila dan Cymodocea dengan indikasi penurunan luasan. Sarana/prasarana DPL sebagian besar hilang dan sebagian rusak, kelembagaan tidak berfungsi secara efektif. Saran pengelolaan antara lain revitalisasi kelembagaan, pendampingan, strategi penegakan hukum, rehabilitasi sarana/prasarana dan ekosistem. Hasil penelitian diharapkan berguna bagi masyarakat, Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Donggala dan stakeholders lainnya dalam mewujudkan pengelolaan lestari dan efektif DPL Tanjung Ayuan.
Coral Reefs of Sonit Island, Banggai Archipelago: Biodiversity and Management Issues - Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Pulau Sonit, Kepulauan Banggai: Biodiversitas dan Isu-Isu Pengelolaan
Authors: Moore Abigail Mary , Ndobe Samliok , Salanggon Al-Ismi M. , Wahyudi Deddy
Published: August 2018

The Banggai Archipelago, situated at the heart of the coral triangle global centre of marinebiodiversity, is renowned for endemicity. Sonit, one of the most isolated inhabited islands in thearchipelago, has been designated under the proposed District MPA. Data and information on the coralreef ecosystem of the island are very limited. Our survey aimed to provide initial biodiversity data,especially for corals. Coral ecosystem biodiversity data were collected using a swim survey method,and corals were identified to Genus level using the Indo-Pacific Coralfinder. General condition of thecoral reef ecosystem was estimated using the manta Tow technique. Biophysical data werecomplemented by socio-economic data using Key Informant Interview (KII). Thirtythree hard coralgenera were identified and the results indicate high coral biodiversity. Overall condition wasconsidered Average. Reef-associated organisms included the endemic Banggai cardinalfish(Pterapogon kauderni), although on Sonit Island this species tends to be found in the seagrassmeadows in the relatively sheltered lagoon. The survey found indications of high fishing pressure onfinfish and invertebrates. Damage from mining coral as a building materiel was clearly visible andlikely to get worse under the planned reconstruction and development following infrastructure damagefrom tectonic activity including a change in elevation. Physical damage to the reef structure isincreasing the vulnerability of Sonit Island ecosystems and inhabitants to climate change. Weconclude that from a biodiversity viewpoint Sonit Island seems to warrant marine protected areastatus, however there is a need to address socio-economic aspects and to seek a sustainabledevelopment pattern for this small island.