bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODELLING AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIRECTION GRID PRESTRESSED RETICULATED MEGA-STRUCTURE
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Liu Fang , Zou Liangliang , Chen Pei xiang
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the generation way of three-direction grid prestressed reticulated mega- structure is studied, and the three-direction grid prestressed reticulated mega-structure composite joint specific formation ideas are proposed. The important control parameters of three-direction grid prestressed reticulated mega-structure are determined, and the geometric modelling method of hexagon across the middle joint and octagon across the side joint is proposed. Coordinate formula of hexagonal and octagonal joints are derived to ensure reasonable grid arrangement and uniform stress distribution of the structure. Combined with the geometric parameters of the mega grid, a new method for creating the geometric model of three-direction grid prestressed mega reticulated structure is realized. The quadrangular pyramid space grid structure with the same length, span, rise and grid size and the three-direction grid prestressed grid structure are calculated, and the advantages of three-direction grid prestressed grid structure in dynamic performance are compared and analyzed.
THEORETICAL SOLUTION OF PILING COMPACTION AND THE INFLUENCE OF PILE-SOIL-BOUNDARY CURVE HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Gao Zi-kun
Published: April 2021

Research is ongoing to find theoretical solution to three-dimensional piling compaction. Considering the spacial-axis-symmetric characteristics, the boundary surface of pile-soil interaction is expressed by polynomials of different orders. First, the curve family parameter is introduced to construct the displacement and integral function. Then, the solution of pile-soil interaction is derived by combining the constitutive relation model of Duncan-Chang and the variational theory. Results of engineering computing show that the theoretical solution converges to the classical CEM and the limit equilibrium theory well at the corresponding computing area. Moreover, the effects of polynomial of different orders on the calculation results are not obvious. The conclusion in this paper can be used for reference in the derivation and application for other interaction of structure and soil problems.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF EXTERNAL PRESTRESSED STEEL STRANDS ON CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES BASED ON FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND STATIC TEST
Authors: Li Chunwei , Yu Haitao , Jia Dongzhe , Sun Quansheng
Published: April 2021

This article relies on the reinforcement project of the Mulinghe cable-stayed bridge to explore the changes in the mechanical properties of the reinforced concrete cable-stayed bridge before and after reinforcement. The bridge has large cable spacing, large internal force of a single cable, and the main beam is mainly Reinforced Concrete. Therefore, structural calculation, disease analysis, and damage state simulation are carried out. Afterwards, the bridge's commonly used reinforcement methods were compared, and suitable reinforcement schemes were selected. After the reinforcement, the field test was carried out on the cable-stayed bridge, the main beam deflection, the strain of the main beam and the main tower, and the increase in the cable force of the cable- stayed were analyzed. The results show that external prestressed reinforcement is the best way, which can significantly reduce the vertical displacement of the main beam and the horizontal displacement of the main tower, and also improve the stress on the upper and lower edges of the main beam. After the external prestressed reinforcement, the ratio of the observed value to the observed value in the filed load test of the cable-stayed bridge's decreased significantly. It is up to 31% increase in bending capacity of main beams and up to 24% increase in stiffness. This article is instructive for the reinforcement of the early-built sparse-cable reinforced concrete cable-stayed bridge, while also expanding the scope of implementation of external prestressed reinforcement technology.
BUCKLING DELAMINATION IN COMPRESSED NO-TENSION HOMOGENEOUS BRITTLE BEAM-COLUMNS REINFORCED WITH FRP
Authors: Marchione Francesco
Published: April 2021

The main issue of this paper is the instability of no-tension structural members reinforced with FRP. This study concerns the instability of FRP reinforcement. The primary instability problem of a compressed element involves the partialization of the inflex section. In particular, in the case of a compressed slender element reinforced on both tense and compressed side FRP delamination phaenomenon could occur on the latter.

This entails the loss of the reinforcement effectiveness in the compressed area for nominal load values much lower than material effective strength. Therefore, structural elements or portions thereof which absorb axial components in the direction of the reinforcement may exhibit relatively modest performance with respect to the unreinforced configuration.

By employing a no-tension material linear in compression, an analytical solution for FRP buckling delamination length is provided.

The main objective of this paper is to provide a simplified tool that allows to evaluate the critical load of the reinforced beam-column and to predict the tension at which delamination and the loss of effectiveness of reinforcement in the compressed area could occur.
STRUCTURAL CARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF A THEMATIC ATLAS WORK
Authors: Janata Tomáš , Jílková Petra , Bláha Jan Daniel
Published: April 2021

The article introduces the Czech historiographical work called the Czech Historical Atlas and presents its analysis in terms of its concept, structure, and technical layout. The primary focus is on the atlas content and its subdivision into thematic and logical sections or the semiological structure of the used space. Last but not least, the cartographic and technical aspects of the atlas format are also analysed, including, for example, the analysis of used scales or cartographic projections. The findings are presented through a series of visuals and interpreted in the context of the thematic concept of the atlas. The authors’ aim is to present the currently not much addressed structural analysis of a cartographic atlas, which allows revealing the potential for the innovation of an original cartographic work.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL E ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR AMERICANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE IMBÉ DE MINAS, LESTE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Neves Rafael Luiz da Silva , Gonçalves Andreza do Nascimento , Silva Daniel Rodrigues , Abreu Juscélio Clemente , Wernersbach Gabriel Menezes , Wernersbach Guerra Carlos Henrique
Published: April 2021

A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) é causada por protozoários pertencentes ao gênero Leishmania e representa um importante problema de saúde pública. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição espacial e caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico da LTA no município de Imbé de Minas (MG) utilizando como metodologia ferramentas de análise espacial e informações obtidas nos dados coletados no Serviço de Epidemiologia do município. Os resultados apresentados demonstraram que a incidência de LTA no município de Imbé de Minas vem aumentando a partir do ano 2015 e dobrando em 2018, sendo a maior parte dos acometidos, homens, residentes na zona rural, com baixa escolaridade e com idade entre 30 e 59 anos. Os 46 casos registrados apresentavam lesões cutâneas, diagnosticados em sua maioria por exame parasitológico direto. A droga mais utilizada no tratamento foi o Antimonial pentavalente. A quase totalidade dos casos encontra-se nas regiões norte e noroeste do município. Sugere-se às autoridades municipais a adoção de medidas preventivas dirigidas à população como uso de repelentes e manejo ambiental, medidas de controle de vetores, reservatórios e atividades de educação em saúde, além da melhoria do fluxo de notificação da LTA no município.
Orientação Exterior de Imagens CBERS-4/PAN Utilizando Modelos Rigorosos
Authors: Akiyama Thales Shoiti , Marcato Junior José , Tommaselli Antonio Maria Garcia , Rodrigues Tiago Lima , Estrabis Nayara Vasconcelos
Published: April 2021

O processo de correção geométrica em imagens orbitais é uma etapa indispensável, em que é possível a geração de produto cartográfico mais confiável, o qual pode ser utilizado em inúmeras aplicações. Os satélites de imageamento possuem sensores embarcados integrados com outros dispositivos que, em conjunto, são capazes de fornecer as imagens orbitais, as quais apresentam diferentes níveis de detalhamento e de acurácia posicional. Desta forma, é importante analisar a qualidade das imagens orbitais do CBERS-4/PAN na banda pancromática, cujo GSD (Ground Sample Distance) é de 5 metros, bem como quais procedimentos podem ser adotados para melhorá-las. Além do CBERS-4 ser considerado um satélite recente, são escassos os estudos referentes à confiabilidade posicional e correção geométrica dos produtos gerados, principalmente das imagens do sensor PAN (Panchromatic and Multispectral Camera).  Para a orientação exterior das imagens CBERS-4/PAN foi utilizado o modelo matemático rigoroso baseado nas equações de colinearidade adaptadas para o sensor de varredura linear. Foram utilizados dados orbitais como injunções relativas, e variou-se a quantidade de pontos de apoio - 15, 10 e 5 pontos, cujas coordenadas são oriundas dos limites de propriedades rurais cadastrados no INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária). Foram geradas imagens corrigidas geometricamente com acurácia posicional planimétrica mais confiáveis (10 a 15 m).
Análise Temática e Conceitual de Mapas Geomorfológicos: A Transcrição Gráfica da Complexidade do Relevo
Authors: Silveira Ricardo Michael Pinheiro , Silveira Claudinei Taborda da
Published: April 2021

As representações do relevo, transcritas pela cartografia geomorfológica, suscitam discussões historicamente pautadas pela complexidade multiescalar das feições e processos vinculados à modelagem da superfície. Sobretudo desde a década de 1950, considera-se que um mapa geomorfológico deve representar, de modo integrado, informações referentes à dimensão (morfometria), aspecto (morfografia), origem (morfogênese), processos atuantes (morfodinâmica) e a idade (morfocronologia) do relevo. No âmbito dos preceitos mencionados, este trabalho objetivou analisar mapas geomorfológicos de distintos recortes espaciais, escalas, datas e contextos de relevo sob a perspectiva teorética, que compreende conceitos e pressupostos da cartografia geomorfológica, e temática, que contempla a implantação gráfica e construção da legenda. Foram analisados 57 mapas geomorfológicos, categorizados em: mapeamentos nacionais, de regiões (recortes geográficos específicos) e de estados do Brasil. Adotou-se como critério de análise temática as variáveis visuais, no âmbito da semiologia gráfica, para cada aspecto geomorfológico elementar potencialmente mapeado: morfometria, morfografia, morfogênese, morfodinâmica e morfocronologia. Os resultados evidenciaram que os mapas nacionais possuem sofisticados sistemas de legenda, os mapas de regiões atendem demandas especializadas e os mapas estaduais priorizam o mapeamento de grandes unidades morfográficas. 56% dos mapas analisados representaram todos os aspectos geomorfológicos requeridos, ainda que alguns de modo implícito. Individualmente, a morfogênese (61,4%) e a morfografia (52,6%) foram os aspectos mais enfatizados nos mapas analisados. Conclui-se, por fim, que as concepções multiescalares têmporo-espaciais e teórico-metodológicas intrínsecas aos mapeamentos, além das características do relevo local, são fatores que dificultam padronizações e replicações de legendas.
Análise Temporal de Ilhas de Calor Através da Temperatura de Superfície e do Índice de Vegetação em Recife-PE, Brasil
Authors: Vila Nova Raquel Arcoverde , Gonçalves Rodrigo Mikosz , Lima Fábio Vinícius Marley Santos
Published: April 2021

Entre os fatores antrópicos que atuam na alta vulnerabilidade para formação de ilhas de calor estão a relação com a densidade populacional e as mudanças no uso do solo. Neste estudo de caso destaca-se que a cidade do Recife possuí uma alta densidade populacional. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é analisar as variações do índice de vegetação e a temperatura da superfície para identificar a influência dos mesmos na formação de ilhas de calor. Como materiais são utilizadas imagens multiespectrais temporais (Landsat 5-TM e Landsat 8-OLI) abrangendo os anos de 1989 a 2019. Os principais resultados encontrados são: (i) o ano de 2019 com temperaturas mais elevadas, chegando a regiões com 37°C; (ii) em 1989 os valores mais altos foram de 32°C; (iii) em termos de área, a cidade do Recife sofreu um crescimento de 34% para temperaturas acima de 33°C e obteve um decréscimo de 44% considerando temperaturas mais amenas; (iv) os valores da cobertura vegetal sofreram mudanças representativas como o crescimento de 15% no índice de solo exposto, e a redução de 18% do índice de vegetação média; (v) as correlações de Spearman indicam que existem uma forte relação inversamente proporcional entre os dois parâmetros avaliados (temperatura e índice de vegetação), com valores de -0,72 para 1989 e -0,59 para 2019. Por fim, foi possível detectar o processo de formação das ilhas de calor, bem como as ilhas de frescor, observando um aumento na temperatura superficial principalmente onde o processo de urbanização se intensificou no decorrer do tempo.
Determinação de Velocidades das Estações da RBMC com Uso do Software SARI
Authors: Ramos Marcony de Paulo , Dal Poz William Rodrigo , Carvalho Alessandro Salles
Published: April 2021

Devido ao aperfeiçoamento da precisão do posicionamento com GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) e à instalação de grandes redes de operação contínua, longas séries temporais de coordenadas do GNSS agora são amplamente utilizadas para conhecer uma variedade de processos de deformação da Terra. Logo, uma tarefa que passou a ser muito utilizada é a determinação de velocidades de estações das redes de monitoramento contínuo, tendo diversas aplicações na geodésia. As componentes de velocidades de uma estação podem ser determinadas de modo simplificado, como resultado de uma regressão linear simples, assumindo que o comportamento da velocidade de uma estação responde a um modelo linear. Porém, para obter precisão melhor, é importante considerar que a velocidade da estação não esteja relacionada apenas à tendência, mas também em função da sazonalidade e de ruídos. É comum pressupor a presença de ruídos brancos em uma série temporal de coordenadas GNSS, porém, é importante estudar ruídos da lei de potência para determinar o tipo de ruído em cada série. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a determinação de velocidades das estações considerando tendência, sazonalidade e tipos de ruídos presentes nas séries. Os estudos foram realizados a partir de 94 estações pertencentes à RBMC (Rede Brasileira de Monitoramento Contínuo dos Sistemas GNSS), pós-processadas no serviço online IBGE-PPP (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas - Posicionamento por Ponto Preciso) e análises das séries de coordenadas executada no software SARI (Señales y Análisis de Ruido Interactivo). Os resultados mostram que não há diferenças significativas na obtenção das velocidades planimétricas das estações quando é negligenciada a sazonalidade, bem como mostram que as análises de ruídos não afetam as velocidades das estações analisadas nesta pesquisa.
Morfologia Urbana no Distrito De Ipiabas, Município de Barra do Piraí - Rio De Janeiro
Authors: Fontoura Júnior Caio Flávio Martinez , Pugliesi Edmur Azevedo , Tachibana Vilma Mayumi
Published: April 2021

O processo de expansão urbana tem resultado em aglomerados populacionais desordenados, o que causa problemas para a administração municipal. A fim de mitigar este tipo de problema, uma das maneiras de reorganizar o território está no conceito de policentrismo. Nesse conceito, há duas abordagens que analisam esses problemas e que buscam soluções para eles, a funcional e a morfológica. No que diz respeito à análise pela abordagem morfológica, o este trabalho de pesquisa objetivou a realização de análises que envolve renda, demografia e relevo, fatores que possam influenciar a estrutura da forma urbana do distrito de Ipiabas, um possível subcentro localizado no munícipio de Barra do Piraí, Rio de Janeiro. Para compreender a forma do distrito, as análises consistiram em: interpolar a localização das possíveis residências, representar a renda média per capta e a densidade demográfica, bem como modelar uma superfície que mostra classes de declividade. Os resultados mostram que a característica da forma urbana do distrito de Ipiabas está relacionada a topografia e que há predominância de assentamentos populacionais entre as encostas.
Símbolos Pontuais para o Mapeamento Topográfico em Escala Grande
Authors: Silveira Flávia , Machado Adriana Alexandria , Andrade Andrea Faria , Camboim Silvana Philippi
Published: April 2021

Existe a falta de uma simbologia pontual padronizada para ser aplicada ao mapeamento topográfico em escala grande no Brasil. Ademais, há a necessidade da discussão de conceitos da percepção visual para o desenvolvimento dos símbolos cartográficos. Nesse sentido, este trabalho propõe símbolos pontuais para mapas em escala grande (1:2.000). Essa abordagem é construída com base nos conceitos de percepção visual para a proposição dos símbolos e em testes de preferência dos usuários por esses símbolos para o mapeamento topográfico em escala grande. O teste de preferência foi aplicado após tarefas de leitura de mapas envolvendo os níveis de navegação e mensuração propostos por Board (1978). Um total de 121 participantes realizou o teste em ambiente digital. O teste visou avaliar se símbolos com contorno e com fundo branco são mais bem detectados, discriminados e reconhecidos no contexto do mapa. Os símbolos que não foram considerados eficazes de acordo com esta metodologia proposta por Clarke (1989) foram reformulados, a fim de que possíveis falhas no processo da criação dos símbolos fossem corrigidas. Os símbolos testados e não testados foram disponibilizados para a comunidade acadêmica através da plataforma Github do Laboratório Geoespacial Livre da Universidade Federal do Paraná, para que possam ser utilizados e aprimorados por pesquisadores e usuários da área.
Avaliação dos Novos Parâmetros de Transformação entre ITRF (IGS) e SIRGAS2000 no IBGE-PPP com Análise de Séries Temporais
Authors: Nascimento Lécio Alves , Dal Poz William Rodrigo , Freitas Krisley Xavier Soares de
Published: April 2021

O IBGE-PPP, serviço de Posicionamento por Ponto Preciso (PPP) online, estima coordenadas originalmente referenciadas às materializações do ITRF (IGS) e então as compatibiliza para o SIRGAS2000 com a aplicação da transformação de Helmert e seus respectivos parâmetros de transformação. Em 17 de maio de 2020 o IBGE-PPP passou a utilizar um novo conjunto de parâmetros (P2), descontinuando o conjunto antigo (P1). Nesse contexto, este trabalho se propõe a avaliar os impactos dos novos parâmetros na compatibilização de referenciais e redução de coordenadas utilizados pelo IBGE-PPP, fundamentando-se em análise de séries temporais de dados de duas estações da RBMC, NAUS e AMCO. Analisando as séries temporais SIRGAS2000 compatibilizadas com P1 (SCP1) e P2 (SCP2) para as duas estações, observou-se que as séries de componentes norte (Δn) SCP1 apresentaram mudanças de nível (diferenças) de aproximadamente ±0,017 m e –0,013 m em relação a SCP2, nos períodos referentes às materializações do ITRF2005 (IGS05) e ITRF2014 (IGS14). As séries de componentes leste (Δe) e vertical (Δu) SCP1 também apresentaram diferenças quando comparadas à SCP2, porém com magnitudes entre 0,001 m e 0,006m e 0,004 m e 0,012 m, respectivamente. Considerando os conjuntos de parâmetros de transformação entre as materializações ITRF (IGS) e SIRGAS2000, pôde-se observar que as séries SCP2 apresentaram resultados mais consistentes quando comparadas às séries SCP1, diminuindo os impactos causados pelas trocas de referenciais ocorridas ao longo do tempo. Ademais, as séries SCP2 foram compatíveis com as séries referenciadas ao ITRF2014 (IGS) ao nível menor ou igual a 0,002 m.
Por uma Estruturação Sistêmica e de Abrangência Nacional para o Cadastro Territorial Brasileiro
Authors: Silva Suzana Daniela Rocha Santos e , Brandão Artur Caldas , Carneiro Andrea Flávia Tenório , Antunes Alzir Felippe Buffara
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir e apresentar uma proposta de gestão sistêmica para a administração do sistema cadastral brasileiro a nível nacional, envolvendo os aspectos relacionados à estrutura organizacional, compartilhamento de responsabilidades na perspectiva administrativa, questões técnicas e legais. Foram apresentados os principais documentos elaborados durante as conferências internacionais da ONU, bem como trabalhos científicos fortalecendo a necessidade e importância da consolidação de estruturas nacionais e a descrição da estrutura organizacional do cadastro de alguns países. Buscou-se também apresentar uma visão do cadastro brasileiro, apresentando a história e estrutura organizacional do cadastro urbano e rural, e uma visão sobre a governança de terras para o Brasil. A proposta para estruturação sistêmica para o cadastro brasileiro teve foco principalmente na lacuna dos cadastros urbanos municipais, bem como nas respectivas validações desses cadastros e de outros cadastros territoriais temáticos produzidos no Brasil, sem rigor técnico. A proposta apresentada passa pelo estabelecimento de um Sistema Nacional de Cadastro Territorial (SNCT) e sua estrutura operacional, bem como pela criação de um Serviço Nacional de Certificação para o Cadastro Territorial (SNCCT), integrados e articulados com estruturas já existentes - o Sistema Nacional de Gestão de Informações Territoriais (SINTER) e o Comitê Nacional de Certificação e Credenciamento (CNCC/INCRA/SIGEF). A proposta, portanto, está aderente às tendências internacionais de desenvolvimento de sistemas cadastrais com base em iniciativas e estruturas existentes, aproveitando as expertises e capacidade tecnológica e gerencial produzida.
Challenges of Using Koha as a Library Management System among Libraries in Higher Education Institutions in Zambia
Authors: Bwalya Tuesday , Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the challenges facing libraries in higher education institutions in Zambia in their use of Koha. The study was a descriptive survey involving 41 libraries from higher education institutions. Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The findings revealed that the major challenge was the inability of librarians to effectively use all the modules in Koha because of a lack of skills. The modules that are mainly used are circulation and cataloguing modules. The other challenges identified were poor Internet connectivity, lack of technical support, and difficulties upgrading and backing up the Koha database.
Analysis of In text Citation Patterns in Local Journals for Ranking Scientific Documents
Authors: Yaniasih Yaniasih , Budi Indra
Published: April 2021

In-text citations have been put forward as a new way to overcome the bias inherent in bibliographic citation analysis. In-text citation patterns have been used as the basis for citation analysis previously, but all the evidence has come from international journals. However, many countries have more local journals than international journals. This paper uses in-text citation analysis to examine local journals in Indonesia. The paper aims to determine the location-based citation pattern in the text and its effect on the articles’ and authors’ rankings. We collected articles from seven food science journals and then parsed these articles to detect the citations and their locations within the text. Pre-processing included normalizing section names, developing a database, and matching citation identities. The rankings were based on sections and then evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation in the final step. The results revealed that Indonesian journals did not exhibit the same patterns as international journals. There were differences in the section locations of the highest percentages of citations, the distributions of publication years, and the ranking methods. The correlations between sections indicated that the citations in the results and discussion section should be give the highest weight, followed by those in the method section, while the lowest weight should be assigned to citations in the introduction. These results need to be strengthened with further research using more extensive data and fields. Other findings, such as nonstandard and inconsistent citations, made developing an automatic citation detection system for local journals challenging.
Consciousness Emanates from the Neuronal Network of Coordination, A Fact Endorsed by Preserved Consciousness in Focal Ischemic Infarctions
Authors: Adnan Dr. Sohail , Shah Dr. Mubasher , Shah Dr. Syed Fahim , Naim Dr. Fahad , Ali Dr. Akhtar , Hamid Dr. Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Background: Consciousness has remained a difficult problem for the scientists to explore its relationship to the brain activity. This is the first paper that presents the significance of focal areas of the cerebral cortex for consciousness. Objectives: To determine if consciousness is produced by the activity of the whole brain or one of its focal areas. Methods: We have performed a prospective cross-sectional study in eighty patients of acute ischemic stroke. The neurovascular territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was sectioned into four similar areas. The association of any of these focal areas to consciousness was observed after their dysfunction with ischemic strokes. Results: Of the eighty patients, 57.5 % were males and 42.5 % were females. Mean age was 63 years ± 7 SD. The righthanded patients were 90 % (72) of the whole sample. Focal areas of the right MCA were generally less prone to consciousness disorder. Average statistics of the focal infarctions of the right MCA showed no tendency for consciousness disorder on the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) [Mean GCS of all focal areas; 14.5, SD; 0.71, 95 % CI; 14.27 to 14.72, P= 0.0000004]. Altered consciousness with focal infarctions of the territory of left MCA was also less likely [Mean GCS of all focal areas; 14.2, SD; 1.01, 95 % CI; 13.88 to 14.51, P= 0.0004]. Conclusion: Consciousness is not determined by the activity of a focal area of the cerebral cortex. Perhaps, we get our consciousness from the activity of “Neuronal Network of Coordination”.
A Study of Substitution the Element of (La+3) on the Structural and Electrical Properties of the Compound Ferrite (𝐂𝐨𝟎.𝟐𝟓𝑵𝒊𝟎.𝟐𝟓𝐙𝐧𝟎.𝟓𝐋𝐚𝐱𝐅𝐞𝟐−𝐱𝐎𝟒)
Authors: Omar Bilal Ahmed , Ali Rabab Shakour
Published: April 2021

The ferritic nanocomposite which prepared has the chemical formula of (Co0.25𝑁𝑖0.25Zn0.5LaxFe2−xO4), for different values of (X= 0, 0. 25, 0. 5, 0. 75), by using the spontaneous combustion-gel method, where calcination had been at temperature of (700˚C) for two hours; then studied the structural properties of the resulting ferrite via X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) The results denote that the ferrite has a unique phase with a spinal-shaped crystal structure and a granular size are (23-36) nm, with increase in lattice constant of decrease in porosity, and electrical properties were also take in to consideration, like value of dielectric constant, the loss coefficient also observed via increase the frequency. The alternating electrical conductivity (σa.c) increases with increasing frequency.
Sintering Additives Effects on the Microstructure and Electrical Behavior of Yttrium Oxide Ceramic Composites
Authors: Issa Tarik T. , Mohammad Samara J
Published: April 2021

Ceramics type Yttrium oxide with Silicon carbide. were selected to investigate its sintered density, microstructure and electrical properties, after adding V2O5, of 100 nm grain size. Different weight percentages ranging from (0.01,0.02,0.03 and 0.04) were used. Dry milling applied for twelve hours. The pelletized samples were sintered at atmospheric of static air and at sintering temperature 1400 ˚C, for three hours. The crustal structure test shoes the phase which is yttrium silicon carbide Scanning electron microscopy, scan sintered microstructure. Samples after sintering were electrically investigated by measuring its capacitance, dielectric constant and their results showed increasing after added V2O5 particles at the combination Yttrium oxide 80 Wt.% -Silicon carbide 20 Wt.% with 0.04 V2O5 Wt.%.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis congênita no estado de Minas Gerais no período de 2007 a 2017
Authors: Gomes Fernanda Teles , Lima Caio Augusto de , Pires Priscilla Larissa Silva , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de , Calegari Tatiany
Published: April 2021

O objetivo é analisar os casos de sífilis congênita confirmados no estado de Minas Gerais (MG), no período de 2007 a 2017. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo realizado por meio da análise de informações secundárias disponibilizadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Foram avaliadas um total de 9.646 casos em que se identificou um acelerado aumento na frequência das notificações, passando de 1,8% em 2007 para 25,3% em 2017. Em relação à variável idade da criança, ocorreram 9.598 (99,5%) dos casos na faixa etária menor de um ano. As características sociodemográficas maternas foram: 6.254 (64,8%) estavam na faixa etária entre 20 a 34 anos, com predominância da raça parda em 4.768 (49,4%) mulheres e para 1.552 (16,0%) a escolaridade era de 5° a 8° série incompleta do ensino fundamental. O pré-natal foi realizado por 85,5% das gestantes, em que 62,7% tiveram o diagnóstico de sífilis durante o pré-natal e 47,7% realizaram o tratamento inadequado. O esquema terapêutico prescrito para 29,4% (2.843) das crianças foi penicilina G cristalina. As características epidemiológicas dos casos de sífilis congênita são mulheres jovens, pardas, de baixa escolaridade, que realizam pré-natal, entretanto são diagnosticadas com a bactéria durante a gestação e não aderem ao tratamento adequado, transmitindo verticalmente a infecção para o concepto. As crianças diagnosticadas para a sífilis congênita estavam na faixa etária menor de um ano de idade. Medidas efetivas de diagnóstico, de adesão ao tratamento e educação em saúde são imprescindíveis para redução da prevalência alarmante desta Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível.
A new tool for sepsis screening in the Emergency Department
Authors: Agnello Luisa , Iacona Alessandro , Lo Sasso Bruna , Scazzone Concetta , Pantuso Michele , Giglio Rosaria Vincenza , Gambino Caterina Maria , Ciaccio Anna Maria , Bivona Giulia , Vidali Matteo , Ciaccio Marcello
Published: April 2021

Objectives

In this study, we developed and evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Sepsis Index for early sepsis screening in the Emergency Department (ED).

Methods

Sepsis Index is based on the combination of monocyte distribution width (MDW) and mean monocyte volume (MMV). Sepsis Index≥1 was selected to define sepsis. We tested its diagnostic accuracy in an ED population stratified in four groups: controls, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), infection, and sepsis, according to Sepsis-2 criteria.

Results

Patients with sepsis displayed higher median Sepsis Index value than patients without sepsis. At the receiver operating characterictis (ROC) curve analysis for the prediction of sepsis, the area under the curve (AUC) of MDW and Sepsis Index were similar: 0.966 (95%CI 0.947–0.984), and 0.964 (95%CI 0.942–0.985), respectively. Sepsis Index showed increased specificity than MDW (94.7 vs. 90.6%), without any decrease in sensitivity (92.0%). Additionally, LR+ increased from 9.8 (MDW) to 17.4 (Sepsis Index), without any substantial change in LR− (respectively 0.09 vs. 0.08). Finally, PPV increased from 0.286 (MDW) to 0.420 (Sepsis Index).

Conclusions

Sepsis Index improves the diagnostic accuracy of MDW alone for sepsis screening.
Out-of-plane local mechanism analysis with finite element method
Authors: Spagnuolo Roberto
Published: April 2021

The stability check of masonry structures is a debated problem in Italy that poses serious problems for its extensive use. Indeed, the danger of out of plane collapse of masonry walls, which is one of the more challenging to evaluate, is traditionally addressed not using finite element models (FEM). The power of FEM is not properly used and some simplified method are preferred. In this paper the use of the thrust surface is suggested. This concept allows to to evaluate the eccentricity of the membrane stresses using the FEM method. For this purpose a sophisticated, layered, finite element with a no-tension material is used. To model a no-tension material we used the smeared crack method as it is not mesh-dependent and it is well known since the early ’80 in an ASCE Report [1]. The described element has been implemented by the author in the program Nòlian by Softing.
Technical and economic aspects of starting a selected power unit at low ambient temperatures
Authors: Lewicki Wojciech
Published: April 2021

The article presents research on the impact of a 359 compression-ignition engine starting at low ambient temperatures. This engine is used in vehicles such as STAR 200, 244, and 226. The purpose of these tests was to determine the amount of wear depending on the ambient temperature and the number of starts, as well as to compare the wear at start-up with the wear occurring during tests on the dynamometer (long-term test for reliability) and wear occurring during the operation of the engine in the vehicle, and the impact of the number of starts and ambient temperature on diesel engine for the life of the vehicle to be repaired. The results of the author’s research showed that a minimum of the number of starts at low ambient temperatures has an impact on the number of kilometers driven by the car during operation to replace the cylinder liners (engine repair). Apart from the Polish armed forces and armies of other countries in which this type of vehicle is still used, the direct recipients of the research results are also other entities from the logistics transport sector for which further use of this power unit especially at low ambient temperatures is of fundamental economic importance.
Serum sclerostin concentration is associated with specific adipose, muscle and bone tissue markers in lean adolescent females with increased physical activity
Authors: Jürimäe Jaak , Karvelyte Vita , Remmel Liina , Tamm Anna-Liisa , Purge Priit , Gruodyte-Raciene Rita , Kamandulis Sigitas , Maasalu Katre , Gracia-Marco Luis , Tillmann Vallo
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Sclerostin is an important regulator of bone mass involving the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Relatively few studies have investigated the relationships of circulating sclerostin levels with adiposity-related and muscle-related biochemical factors in individuals with increased energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of circulating sclerostin with adipokines, myokines, osteokines and body composition values in lean adolescent females with increased physical activity.

Methods

A total of 73 adolescent females who were physically active and aged 14–18 years old participated in the study. Sclerostin, leptin, resistin, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, irisin, osteocalcin, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and insulin were obtained from fasting blood samples. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and analyzed for body fat mass, lean body mass, bone mineral content and muscle mass.

Results

Serum sclerostin (117.9 ± 60.3 pg/mL) was correlated with age, age at menarche, body fat, muscle mass, training activity, leptin, TNF-α, irisin, osteocalcin, CTx and IGF-1. Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that fat mass (β = 0.434; p = 0.001), leptin (β = −0.308; p = 0.015), irisin (β = 0.227; p = 0.024) and CTx (β = 0.290; p = 0.031) were the most important predictors of serum sclerostin concentration.

Conclusions

Bone-derived sclerostin is associated with specific adipokine, myokine and osteokine values in lean adolescent females with increased physical activity. These results suggest that the interactions between bone, adipose and muscle tissues could also be associated with circulating sclerostin concentrations.
Re-imagining the Dignitary Torts
Authors: Sugarman Stephen D. , Boucher Caitlin
Published: April 2021

In the article, we make three claims. First, we argue that a large number of what are traditionally seen as separate torts are, at their core, all about affronts to the dignity of the victim. These include offensive battery, assault, false imprisonment, intentional infliction of emotional distress, defamation, invasion of privacy, some nuisances, and abuse of process (malicious prosecution). These torts do not involve direct physical harm but, rather, emotional distress from having your dignity attacked. Second, we argue that as these torts have developed inside of their own doctrinal silos, there are important differences among the laws governing them. Third, we argue that these differences are not justified and that it would be better to create a consistent tort approach to dignitary harm: tort recovery should lie for injuries resulting from wrongful conduct that is highly offensive and causes more than minor harm. This, it turns out, is the standard that currently applies in a majority of jurisdictions for privacy invasions. If more widely adopted, this standard would, for example, far more easily allow recovery for nasty verbal sexual (or other) harassment, since intentional infliction of emotional distress currently requires a much stronger showing. At the same time, it would preclude recovery for minor physical touchings that technically now qualify as offensive battery. We think this achieves the balance much better.
Thermal conductivity and thermoelectric properties in 3D macroscopic pure carbon nanotube materials
Authors: Yang Xueming , Cui Jixiang , Xue Ke , Fu Yao , Li Hanling , Yang Hong
Published: April 2021

Sintered carbon nanotube (CNT) blocks and porous CNT sponges were prepared, and their thermoelectric properties were measured. The maximum dimensionless thermoelectric figure-of-merit, ZT, at room temperature of the sintered single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) block is 9.34 × 10−5, which is twice higher than that of the sintered multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) block in this work and also higher than that of other sintered MWCNT blocks reported previously. In addition, the porous MWCNT sponge showed an ultra-low thermal conductivity of 0.021 W/(m K) and significantly enhanced ZT value of 5.72 × 10−4 at room temperature and 1 atm. This ZT value is higher than that of other 3D macroscopic pure CNT materials reported. The pronounced enhancement of the ZT in the porous MWCNT sponge is attributed to the ultra-low density, ultra-high porosity, and interconnected structure of the material, which lead to a fairly low thermal conductivity and better Seebeck coefficient. The finding of this work provides an understanding for exploring potential enhancement mechanisms and improving the thermoelectric properties of CNT-based thermoelectric composites.
Russian-Polish projects on joining or exchanging of military forces to struggle against Turkey and Crimea in 1660s – 1680s: genesis, history, reasons for failure
Authors: Kochegarov Kirill
Published: April 2021

The paper deals with the history of unsuccessful Russian-Polish military cooperation in the 1660s – 1680s. For approximately twenty years Moscow and Warsaw had been trying to join their military forces against, at first rebellious Ukrainian Cossacks and Crimean Tatars, and then against the Turks too. But all negotiations and attempts to realize plans of military cooperation by joining forces failed because of several reasons. The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, hoping firstly to bring to obedience hetman Peter Doroshenko with Russian support, then tried to recapture invaded by Ottomans Podolia and appropriately wanted Russian troops to be moved there, not between Dnepr and Dniester, as it had been agreed before. Another thing that didn’t satisfy the Polish-Lithuanian side was a parity basis of joining troops (later of mutual exchanging of units), fixed in the text of alliance of December 1667. The Polish-Lithuanian army was becoming weaker because of long wars with Turks, Tatars, Cossacks and therefore needed military support, mainly infantry and artillery, more than Muscovite Russia, which had a more numerous army. That’s why Polish commanders tried to receive under their command Russian units without sending any soldiers and officers of the Commonwealth to the Muscovite army. So Russia finally refused to join its forces with the Polish-Lithuanian army and the new alliance of 1686 stipulated that each signatory was to wage war independently.
Interactions of the Effects of Provenances and Habitats on the Growth of Scots Pine in Two Provenance Tests in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Memišević Hodžić Mirzeta , Ballian Dalibor
Published: April 2021

This research aims to determine the interaction of the effects of provenance and habitat conditions on provenance tests on the growth of Scots pine on two experimental plots in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Provenance tests are located on plots with different ecological conditions and altitudes: Romanija Glasinac, 1000 m, and Gostović Zavidovići, 480 m. Both tests include 11 provenances and two clonal seed plantations with 10 families in each, and five repetitions. Tree heights and diameters at breast height were measured at the age of 21 years. Interactions were determined using multivariate analysis for measured traits. The highest average heights on the provenance test Glasinac had provenances Bugojno, Romanija Glasinac, and Šipovo (8.8 m), and on the Gostović provenance Rogatica (11.0 m). The highest average diameter at breast height on the Glasinac test had Šipovo provenance (13.9 cm) and on the Gostović test Bosanski Petrovac provenance (12.3 cm). Variance analysis showed statistically significant differences among provenances in terms of diameter at breast height and height values. Multivariate analysis showed the presence of interactions of effects of provenances and habitat conditions on provenance tests. For provenances that did not show interaction, it is recommended to use provenances that performed better in the given ecological conditions, and for those that showed interaction, it is necessary to choose those provenances which are expected to show better results in given conditions later in life. The obtained results are very important for the conservation activities of this species.
Pressure Bleeding Rate and Crack Resistance of High-Strength Concrete with Good Fluidity
Authors: Yao Jia-Liang , Liu Ying-gang , Deng Hai-Peng , Yi Wang
Published: April 2021

In order to explore the factors affecting the pressure bleeding rate of high-strength concrete with good fluidity and its performance, the variation of the pressure bleeding rate of high-strength concrete with good fluidity and its crack resistance were studied from the aspects of the quantity of admixtures and mineral admixture, water–cement ratio, unit water consumption, and sand ratio. Furthermore, the corresponding bleeding improvement measures and appropriate mix ratio were proposed for better performance of concrete. The test results show the following: (1) the concrete with the pebbles of the largest particle size and poor gradation in the coarse aggregate has a higher pressure bleeding rate than the concrete with the crushed stones of a smaller largest particle size and good gradation; (2) the more the fine aggregate and the smaller the fineness modulus, the lower the pressure bleeding rate of concrete; (3) with the increase in the quantity of superplasticizer, the pressure bleeding rate will increase: when the quantity is greater than 1.2 %, the concrete will produce serious bleeding; (4) adding fly ash and silicon ash can effectively reduce the pressure bleeding rate: the quantity of the fly ash should not exceed 25 % and the optimum quantity of silica fume ranges from 5 % to 10 %; (5) under other conditions unchanged, the pressure bleeding rate increases with the increase of water–cement ratio and unit water consumption; and (6) when the sand ratio is in the range of 38 % to 44 %, the pressure bleeding rate decreases as the sand ratio increases. Based on those tests for bleeding rate and slab cracking, the mix ratio of C60 high-strength concrete with good fluidity could be optimized. The high-strength concrete with good fluidity can simplify civil engineering construction and improve civil engineering concrete durability and recycling of industrial wastes. So, it is a green building material with excellent performance.
Effect of Carbon Black and Titanium Dioxide Dispersants on Solidification of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube–Added Salt-Based Phase Change Material
Authors: Rajagopalan Sudheer , Prabhu K. N.
Published: April 2021

The effect of carbon black and titanium dioxide (TiO2) dispersants on solidification of potassium nitrate phase change material (PCM) with multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) addition was investigated using the Fourier method of thermal analysis. On addition of 0.1 % of MWCNT, the solidification time of PCM decreased by 26 %, enhancing the heat release rates. A decrease in thermal diffusivity of the PCM was observed on addition of MWCNT particles. These benefits were observed to diminish over successive thermal cycles because of the agglomeration of MWCNT particles. To prevent the agglomeration of additives, dispersants such as carbon black and TiO2 were used. In the presence of carbon black, the nanosalt PCM retained all the cooling curve parameters over 10 thermal cycles, preventing the agglomeration of nanoadditives. On the other hand, the dispersant TiO2 significantly enhanced the thermal diffusivity property of PCM by virtue of its superior thermal conductivity. These are critical outcomes in development of nanosalt PCMs for thermal energy storage applications.
Er81 Transcription Factor Fine-Tunes Striatal Cholinergic Interneuron Activity and Drives Habit Formation
Authors: Ahmed Noorya Yasmin , Ranjbar-Slamloo Yadollah , Al Abed Alice Shaam , Gao Lingxiao , Sontani Yovina , RCom-H'cheo-Gauthier Alexandre , Arabzadeh Ehsan , Dehorter Nathalie
Published: April 2021

The molecular mechanisms tuning cholinergic interneuron (CIN) activity, although crucial for striatal function and behavior, remain largely unexplored. Previous studies report that the Etv1/Er81 transcription factor is vital for regulating neuronal maturation and activity. While Er81 is known to be expressed in the striatum during development, its specific role in defining CIN properties and the resulting consequences on striatal function is unknown. We report here that Er81 is expressed in CINs and its specific ablation leads to prominent changes in their molecular, morphologic, and electrophysiological features. In particular, the lack of Er81 amplifies intrinsic delayed-rectifier and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which subsequently alters the tonic and phasic activity of CINs. We further reveal that Er81 expression is required for normal CIN pause and time-locked responses to sensorimotor inputs in awake mice. Overall, this study uncovers a new cell type-specific control of CIN function in the striatum which drives habit formation in adult male mice.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough previous studies have shown that cholinergic interneurons drive striatal activity and habit formation, the underlying molecular mechanisms controlling their function are unknown. Here we reveal that key cholinergic interneuron physiological properties are controlled by Er81, a transcription factor regulating neuronal activity and development in a cell-specific manner. Moreover, our findings uncover a link between the Er81-dependent molecular control of cholinergic interneuron function and habit formation in mice. These insights will contribute to the future enhancement of our understanding of disorders that involve behavioral inflexibility, such as autism and addiction.