bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cuidar a unos para cuidar a otros: desajustes en la conservación del conejo europeo y de sus depredadores
Authors: Tobajas Jorge
Published: June 2022

Los depredadores dependen de las presas para su supervivencia, por lo que la conservación de las presas es clave para el mantenimiento de las poblaciones de depredadores amenazados. Es necesario implementar proyectos de conservación tanto para las presas como para los depredadores.
Çocukluk Çağı Meme Kitlelerine Cerrahi Yaklaşım
Authors: ERTÜRK Ahmet , DEMİR Sabri , ÖZTORUN Can , ERTEN Elif , BOSTANCI Süleyman Arif , GÜNEY Doğuş , AZILI Müjdem Nur , ŞENEL Emrah
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Kliniğimizde meme kitleleri nedeniyle tedavi edilen hastaların epidemiyolojik ve karakteristik özelliklerini araştırmayı ve deneyimlerimizi paylaşmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hasta kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Demografik ve klinik veriler araştırıldı. Hastalar ilk başvuruda ameliyat edilenler (Grup 1) ve takip sonrası ameliyat edilenler (Grup 2) olarak ayrılarak karşılaştırıldı. İstatistiksel analiz SPSS 21 sürümü ile değerlendirildi. p<0.05 anlamlı kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 10 yılda meme kitlesi nedeniyle ameliyat edilen 48 hasta dahil edildi. Ortalama yaş ve başvuru şikayetleri açısından gruplar arasında fark yoktu (sırasıyla p=0.723, p=0.555). Tüm hastalara ultrason yapıldı. Kitlelerin, Grup 1’de sağ memede (%58.3), Grup 2’de sol memede (p=0.386) daha sık yerleşim gösterdiği gözlendi. Ayrıca her iki grupta da kitlelerin en sık meme üst lateral kadranda yerleştiği görüldü (sırasıyla %62.5 ve %70.89). Kitlelerin uzun çapları grup 1’de grup 2’ye göre daha uzundu (sırasıyla 51.79±11.11 mm ve 35.16±3.74 mm, p<0.001). Radyolojik olarak her iki grupta da kitlelerin çoğu Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS 3) olarak raporlandı (sırasıyla %41.7 ve %54.2, p=0.444). Grup 1’deki 9, Grup 2’deki 1 hastaya ince iğne aspirasyon biyopsisi (İİAB) yapıldı (p=0.004). İİAB ‘de iki hastada filloid tümör saptanırken, diğerleri fibroadenom olarak rapor edildi. Cerrahi eksizyon sonrası histopatolojik değerlendirmelerde en sık fibroadenom tespit edildi. Ayrıca tüm hastaların %6.2’sinde premalign meme kitlesi saptandı.
Sonuç: Çocuklarda, büyük boyutta, hızlı büyüyen veya filloid tümör şüphesi olan meme kitlelerinde cerrahi eksizyon öneriyoruz.
Assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (City) in Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Ghosh Manab , Roy Debjani
Published: June 2022

Quality of living is a multidimensional concept of an individual or a society. It has been influenced by different factors such as housing conditions, health conditions, education, assets, and other basic amenities. This research deals with assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (city) in Murshidabad district in West Bengal, India. Household Quality of Living is measured based on twenty indicators. These indicators are used as different domains like Human Capital Index, Assets Index, Basic Amenities Index, and Housing Index. Quality of living conditions is determined based on composite scores. The result shows that living conditions differ in different parts of this town. The living condition of the central part is better than other parts of this city.
XRnanotech – Recent Developments In Nanostructured X-ray And EUV Optics
Authors: Kubec Adam , Döring Florian
Published: June 2022

Recent developments have brought significant improvements in X-ray and EUV optics and optical structures. We will discuss how this can improve current setups and measurements with added functionalities and efficiency.
Ultrabroadband and Ultranarrowband Composite Polarization Half-Waveplates
Authors: Gevorgyan Hayk L.
Published: June 2022

Composite pulses, which produce ultrabroadband and ultranarrowband rotations on the Bloch-Poincaré spheres, are presented. The first class plays a role for design of achromatic polarization retarders, when the second class corresponds to chromatic polarization filters.
High Power Ultrafast laser for High Brightness X-ray source
Authors: Courjaud Antoine , Durand Magali , Pallas Florent , Sevillano Pierre , Song Panyi , Barbrel Benjamin
Published: June 2022

We report on a stable 74mJ 1kHz ultrafast Yb laser dedicated for a high-brightness X-ray source based on plasma generation. Preliminary results on the X-ray source are presented using 25mJ and 100Hz.
Laser-driven soft-X-ray source for resonant magnetic scattering
Authors: Schick Daniel , Borchert Martin , Braenzel Julia , Stiel Holger , Tümmler Johannes , Bürgler Daniel E. , Firsov Alexander , von Korff Schmising Clemens , Pfau Bastian , Eisebitt Stefan
Published: June 2022

We utilize a thin-disk laser-driven plasma source to carry out resonant magnetic soft-X-ray scattering experiments to follow ultrafast spin and lattice dynamics in artificial an-tiferromagnets.
Solid-state-laser driven plasma produced from laser-preformed tin microdroplets for high-brightness EUV
Authors: Versolato Oscar O. , Schupp Ruben , Behnke Lars , Mostafa Yahia Y. , Bouza Zoi , Lassise Adam , Bayraktar Muharrem , Sheil John , Hoekstra Ronnie , Ubachs Wim
Published: June 2022

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) nanolithography relies on CO2-lasers to drive EUV-emitting tin plasma at 10.6-micrometer wavelength. We will present research using instead solid-state laser light, at 2-micrometer wavelength, to efficiently drive plasma from carefully preshaped targets.
Energy Recovery Linac for Generating Fully Coherent EUV and X-ray Radiation
Authors: Cao Lu , Feng Chao , Wang Zhen , Chen Si , Zhao Zhentang
Published: June 2022

We combine an ERL with angular-dispersion induced microbunching technique to produce fully coherent radiation with high power and the simulations have demonstrated the possibility. A magnetic bending system has been designed for supporting multiple-user operation.
Spatial control of Coherent Wake Emission through strongly varied lateral plasma expansion
Authors: Porat Elkana , Yehuda Hadar , Cohen Itamar , Levanon Assaf , Pomerantz Ishay
Published: June 2022

Plasma surfaces emit coherent EUV light under intense laser irradiation. We experimentally demonstrate the role of the lateral profiles of the plasma expansion and the laser intensity in controlling the EUV spatial beam properties, in favor for applications.
Scanning K-edge Subtraction Imaging is Enabled by the Angle-correlated Spectra of Laser Compton X-ray Sources
Authors: Effarah Haytham H. , Reutershan Trevor , Barty C. P. J.
Published: June 2022

Tuning the Compton edge energy of a Laser Compton X-ray source is difficult on the experimental time scale for K-edge subtraction (KES) imaging. Scanning KES imaging can overcome this difficulty by utilizing angle-correlated spectra.
Low-Dose, Dual-Energy Medical Imaging of Gadolinium Contrast Agents Using Laser-Compton X-ray Sources
Authors: Reutershan Trevor , Effarah Haytham H. , Lagzda Agnese , Barty C. P. J.
Published: June 2022

An optimization of laser-Compton scattering sources for medically-relevant, K-edge subtraction imaging with gadolinium contrast agents is presented. Careful choice of source, on-axis X-ray energy and bandwidth enable potential reductions in patient dose of nearly 30x.
Table-top X-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe L edges
Authors: Borchert Martin , Tümmler Johannes , Sommer Denny , Engel Dieter , von Korff Schmising Clemens , Pfau Bastian , Schick Daniel , Eisebitt Stefan
Published: June 2022

We generate circularly-polarized soft X-rays from a laser-driven plasma source by a magnetic thin-film polarizer. This enables first lab-based X-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments at the Fe L edges with picosecond time resolution.
Femtosecond LIPSS on indium-tin-oxide thin films at IR wavelengths
Authors: Bánhegyi Balázs , Péter László , Dombi Péter , Pápa Zsuzsanna
Published: June 2022

We investigated laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) generated on indium-tin-oxide thin films with femtosecond laser pulses in the infrared region. We observed robust subwavelength LIPSS morphologies with a periodicity close to λ/10.
Possibilities of Increasing the Intensity Contrast of Kα Line Emission from Laser-Solid Interaction
Authors: Xiao Yangyang , Wang Xiaofang
Published: June 2022

Angular distributions of bremsstrahlung and Kα emissions from a copper foil are investigated by a Monte Carlo method. Higher contrast Kα emission could be obtained in the backward direction when hot electrons have a higher temperature or kinetic energy.
Difference Frequency Generation in BaGa4Se7 Tunable in a 6.5-8.5 μm Range with a Peak Power of 30 MW Pumped by 1.03 μm, 1.8 ps Laser
Authors: Jelínek Michal , Kubeček Václav , Novák Ondřej , Huynh Jaroslav , Cimrman Martin , Chyla Michal , Smrž Martin , Mocek Tomáš , Smetanin Sergei N. , Grechin Sergei G. , Krinitsin Pavel G. , Kurus Aleksey F. , Isaenko Lyudmila I.
Published: June 2022

Difference frequency generation in BaGa4Se7 tunable in a 6.5-8.5 μm range with a peak power of 30 MW, pulse energy of 60μJ, conversion up to 4%, and optical damage threshold of 0.08J/cm2 is presented.
Nonadiabatic Nanooptical Tunneling of Photoelectrons in Plasmonic Near-Fields
Authors: Lovász B. , Sándor P. , Kiss G. Z. , Bánhegyi B. , Pápa Z. , Budai J. , Prietl C. , Krenn J. R. , Dombi P.
Published: June 2022

Experimental and numerical investigation of the transition region between the multiphoton emission and tunnel emission regimes, where nonadiabatic tunneling occurs, revealed the onset to be around Keldysh ~2, where features of both regimes are present.
Filament Based Self-Compression of 100 GW Ultrashort Pulses in Ar Filled Capillary
Authors: Ran Qiandong , Li Hao , Wang Qi Jie , Zhang Ying
Published: June 2022

Self-compression's dependence on gas pressure and pulse GDD and TOD are studied experimentally. The 3 mJ pulse is self-compressed from 30.8 fs to 13.1 fs.
Anisotropic Off-axis Laser Oscillator for Supercontinuum Generation by Stimulated Raman Scattering
Authors: Wu Ming-Hsiung , Lin Yan-Jou , Laurell Fredrik , Huang Yen-Chieh
Published: June 2022

We demonstrated the concept of anisotropic off-axis laser oscillator through stimulated Raman scattering and generated the octave-spanning supercontinuum, containing two spectral groups between 540~750 and 1095~1800 nm, in a monolithic KTP crystal.
Nanosecond Living Hot and Dense Plasma and High Energy Particles from Relativistic Laser-Nanowire Interaction
Authors: Eftekhari-Zadeh Ehsan , Gyrdymov Mikhail , Tavana Parysatis , Loetzsch Robert , Uschmann Ingo , Siefke Thomas , Käsebier Thomas , Zeitner Uwe , Szeghalmi Adriana , Rosmej Olga , Kartashov Daniil , Spielmann Christian
Published: June 2022

We report strong enhancement in energy and flux of protons and existence of kiloelectronvolt temperature, high-density plasma with nanosecond scale lifetime from composite nanowire arrays, irradiated by ultrahigh temporal contrast, relativistically intense laser pulses.
Cross-polarized wave generation in multi-pass cells
Authors: Kaur Jaismeen , Daniault Louis , Cheng Zhao , Hergott Jean-François , Reau Fabrice , Tcherbakoff Olivier , Lopez-Martens Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

We report on cross-polarised wave generation in multi-pass cells at the milli-Joule level. Backed by simulations, results indicate 103 contrast enhancement, high spatio-temporal beam quality, and a record internal conversion efficiency of 50%.
Direct observation of topological magnetic monopoles using soft x-ray vector ptychography at 10 nm resolution
Authors: Liao Chen-Ting , Rana Arjun , Iacocca Ezio , Zou Ji , Pham Minh , Lu Xingyuan , Subramanian Emma-Elizabeth Cating , Lo Yuan Hung , Ryan Sinéad A. , Bevis Charles S. , Karl Robert M. , Glaid Andrew J. , Rable Jeffrey , Mahale Pratibha , Hirst Joel , Ostler Thomas , Liu William , O'Leary Colum M. , Yu Young-Sang , Bustillo Karen , Ohldag Hendrik , Shapiro David A. , Yazdi Sadegh , Mallouk Thomas E. , Osher Stanley J. , Kapteyn Henry C. , Crespi Vincent H. , Badding John V. , Tserkovnyak Yaroslav , Miao Jianwei (John) , Murnane Margaret M.
Published: June 2022

We developed soft x-ray vector ptychography at 10 nm spatial resolution without requiring a priori knowledge, which is then used to quantitatively image 3D magnetization vector fields of topological magnetic monopoles and their interactions.
Passive coherent combining of chirped pulse Yb:YAG amplifiers
Authors: Kuznetsov Ivan
Published: June 2022

Two-channel Yb:YAG amplifier with passive coherent combining is realized. 10mJ pulse energy at 1.5 kHz repetition rate and 5mJ at 6kHz is demonstrated together with high gain coefficient and perfect beam quality.
Interactions between EUV Pulse Trains and Highly Charged Ions
Authors: Lyu Chunhai , Keitel Christoph H. , Harman Zoltán
Published: June 2022

The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) pulse trains produced via intracavity high-harmonic generation of infrared pulse trains suffer from amplified pulse-to-pulse phase fluctuations. One can detect such fluctuations via resonant EUV excitations of highly charged ions.
New Generation Terahertz Pulse Sources Utilizing Volume Phase Holographic Gratings
Authors: Krizsán Gergő , Tibai Zoltán , Almási Gábor , Tóth György , Pálfalvi László , Hebling János
Published: June 2022

Volume phase holographic gratings can allow the implementation of terahertz pulse sources where imaging optics and the microstructuring of a nonlinear material surface are not required. These new sources can also outperform conventional terahertz based on lithium niobate in conversion efficiency and beam uniformity.
Waveform-dependent Single Attoscond Pulse Generation via Thomson Back-scattering Process
Authors: Shirozhan Mojtaba , Kahaly Subhendu
Published: June 2022

In the interaction of drive pulse with a nm-scale foil, PIC simulation results reveal that a waveform-controlled Gaussian pulse is able to accelerate plasma electrons as a single relativistic mirror, allowing to compress counter-propagating pulse.
Laser-proton Acceleration Developments At DRACO-PW Enabling “In-vivo” Radiobiology
Authors: Ziegler Tim , Bernert Constantin , Beyreuther Elke , Brack Florian , Cowan Thomas E. , Garten Marco , Gaus Lennart , Kluge Thomas , Kraft Stephan , Kroll Florian , Metzkes-Ng Josefine , Pawelke Jörg , Reimold Marvin , Rehwald Martin , Schlenvoigt Hans-Peter , Umlandt Marvin E. P. , Schramm Ulrich , Zeil Karl
Published: June 2022

We report technological developments at DRACO-PW to monitor and improve laser-plasma conditions resulting in a stable particle-source >60MeV, which in combination with our transport-beamline and high-quality dosimetry enabled first dose-controlled “in-vivo” studies with laser-driven protons.
Preparation of Strong-field QED Experiments at FACET-II
Authors: Chen Zhijiang , Meuren Sebastian , Gerstmayr Elias , Yakimenko Vitaly , Bucksbaum Philip H. , Reis David A. , representing the E-320 collaboration
Published: June 2022

The collision of 10-13 GeV level electrons with tightly focused 20 TW laser pulses at FACET II will enable experimental studies in the strong-field QED regime beyond the Schwinger limit. Experimental parameters, diagnostics and perspectives are described.
Low divergent, point-like proton source driven by few-cycle relativistic laser pulses
Authors: Singh Prashant K. , Varmazyar Parvin , Nagy Bence , Son Joon-Gon , Ter-Avetisyan Sargis , Osvay Karoly
Published: June 2022

Spatial characterization of proton beam, driven by 12fs, 35mJ, 1019 W/cm2 intense laser-foil interaction is presented. Measurement shows low divergence (3.8-degree), small source size (< 4.5 µm) and 0.00038 π-mm-mrad normalized emittance of proton beam.
Real-time flow of excitation inside a material with attosecond core-level soft X-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Sidiropoulos T.P.H. , Di Palo N. , Rivas D.E. , Severino S. , Reduzzi M. , Nandy B. , Bauerhenne B. , Krylow S. , Vasileiadis T. , Danz T. , Elliott P. , Sharma S. , Dewhurst K. , Ropers C. , Joly Y. , Garcia K. M. E. , Wolf M. , Ernstorfer R. , Biegert J.
Published: June 2022

Attosecond core-level soft X-ray spectroscopy is shown to image the energy conversion pathways between photons, charge carriers and lattice in real time in graphite.
Polarization Dependence of Laser Induced inner-shell excitations
Authors: Deng Yunpei , Zeng Zhinan , Komm Pavel , Zheng Yinghui , Helml Wolfram , Xie Xinhua , Filus Zoltan , Dumergue Mathieu , Flender Roland , Kurucz Máté , Haizer Ludovit , Kiss Balint , Kahaly Subhendu , Li Ruxin , Marcus Gilad
Published: June 2022

Laser induced x-ray fluorescence were observed against laser polarization ellipticity. While emission from krypton peaks at linear polarization, a signature of recollision, emission from neon shows opposite trend. We attribute it to two competing processes.
Realization of compact GW-scale soft x-ray isolated attosecond pulses
Authors: Xue Bing , Midorikawa Katsumi , Takahashi Eiji J.
Published: June 2022

We report a 226-as 0.24 uJ isolated attosecond pulse generation and characterization by waveform synthesizer and attosecond streaking measurement. Pumping waveform synthesis and streaking measurement are successfully achieved under a low laser repetition rate condition.
Sub-20 fs single-stage post-compression of an Ytterbium fiber laser
Authors: Silletti Laura , Wahid Ammar bin , Balla Prannay , Escoto Esmerando , Horn Katinka , Wanie Vincent , Trabattoni Andrea , Calegari Francesca , Heyl Christoph M.
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate sub-20 fs single-stage post-compression of an Ytterbium-doped fiber laser. Dispersion-engineered dielectric cavity mirrors are used to control spectral broadening in a gas-filled multi-pass cell supporting a throughput of 98%.
Flexible On-Target Delivery of Compressed 4 GW Laser Pulses Through a 10 Meter Long Hollow-Core Nested Anti-Resonant Fibre
Authors: Lekosiotis Athanasios , Belli Federico , Brahms Christian , Sakr Hesham , Davidson Ian A. , Poletti Francesco , Travers John C.
Published: June 2022

We report the on-target delivery of 40 fs, 200 µJ laser pulses at 800 nm through a 10 m long hollow-core nested anti-resonant fibre, with a guided peak intensity of 3×1015 W/cm2.
Long-term stable OPCPA-based seed laser for high intensity Ti:Sapphire LPA drivers
Authors: Eichner Timo , Hülsenbusch Thomas , Dirkwinkel Julian , Lang Tino , Winkelmann Lutz , Palmer Guido , Maier Andreas R.
Published: June 2022

Ultrafast laser pulses featuring both, high spatio-temporal beam quality and excellent long-term stability are crucial for many applications. Here, we present a collinear OPCPA-based seed laser for 100 TW-class laser systems, that has been designed to fulfil the particularly strict demands presented by laser-plasma acceleration.
Towards Field Sampling of Ultrabroadband Continuum Radiation from deep-UV to NIR
Authors: Schulte Amelie , Konrad Corinna , Gessner Julia Anthea , Weidman Matthew , Yakovlev Vladislav , Schötz Johannes , Krausz Ferenc
Published: June 2022

We generate an ultrabroadband continuum (DUV - NIR) in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber and aim to measure its electric field oscillations with nonlinear photoconductive sampling (NPS), hence extending the NPS bandwidth across the DUV.
Sub-30 fs nonlinear compression of 60 mJ from a Yb-doped thin-disk amplifier at 5 kHz via gas-filled multipass cell
Authors: Pfaff Y. , Barbiero G. , Rampp M. , Wang H. , Klingebiel S. , Teisset C. Y. , Jung R. , Woldegeorgis A. H. , Brons J. , Saraceno C. , Metzger T.
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate nonlinear broadening of a Yb-doped thin-disk regenerative amplifier to the sub-30 fs, 60 mJ, 5 kHz regime. The broadening is performed via argon-filled multipass cell and compressibility to the Fourier limit is shown.
Efficient cryogenic Yb:YLF regenerative amplifier beyond 250W average power: pros and cons of different optical axes
Authors: Pergament Mikhail , Demirbas Umit , Kellert Martin , Thesinga Jelto , Hua Yi , Reuter Simon , Kilinc Muharrem , Kärtner Franz X.
Published: June 2022

We report an efficient diode-pumped high-power cryogenic Yb:YLF amplifier delivering almost diffraction limited sub-1.5-ps pulses with 78% efficiency with energies up to 20 mJ and average powers above 250 W with 3% RMS noise.
mJ a few-cycle IR laser system based on BiBO dual-chirped optical parametric amplification
Authors: Xu Lu , Xue Bing , Midorikawa Katsumi , Takahashi Eiji J.
Published: June 2022

By using a dual-chirped optical parametric amplification (DC-OPA) method and employing type-I BiBO crystal, we obtained 102 mJ infrared pulses with spectrum centered at 1.7 µm and pulse duration 10.7 fs after compression.
High Energy Extraction from Diode-Pumped Tm:YLF
Authors: Tamer Issa , Reagan Brendan A. , Galvin Thomas , Galbraith Justin , Sistrunk Emily , Church Andrew , Huete Glenn , Neurath Hansel , Willard Drew , Spinka Thomas
Published: June 2022

We present multi-joule-level energy extraction from Tm:YLF. The tabletop, diode-pumped system consists of a Tm:YLF oscillator followed by a 4-pass Tm:YLF amplifier, which produced 3.88J in 20ns pulses and up to 38.1J in long-pulse mode.
In situ characterization of phase-matching conditions in non-collinear OPA / OPCPA
Authors: Fischer Peter , de Andres Aitor , Veisz Laszlo
Published: June 2022

Optimization and simulation of non-collinear ultra-broadband optical parametric chirped pulse amplification setups rely on exact knowledge of the phase matching conditions. We present a method for their accurate retrieval by deterministic angular jitter and Monte-Carlo simulations.
Intrapulse Measurement Using Quantum Cascade Laser Coupled with Compact Dense Pattern Multipass Absorption Cell for Carbon Dioxide Monitoring
Authors: Jacquemin C. , Vallon R. , Defossez F. , Parvitte B. , Maisons G. , Carras M. , Zéninari V.
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate the development of calibration-free intrapulse spectrometer for in-situ measurements with compact dense pattern multipass absorption cell using Quantum Cascade Laser at 4.47 μm.
Non-planar image-rotating cavities allow to reach 30 W of average power in mid-IR with good beam quality from high-repetition-rate ns-pulsed ZGP OPOs
Authors: Piotrowski Marcin , Medina Manuel Alessandro , Hildenbrand-Dhollande Anne
Published: June 2022

We discuss main challenges in scaling up the output power of high-repetition-rate optical parametric oscillators (OPOs), that are nowadays the most promising technology to reach the level of output power of a few tens of W with reasonably good beam quality (M2 < 2) in middle infrared spectral region. We report the the performance at 30 W level of output power of an OPO based on ZGP crystals in two non-planar image-rotating resonators. Factors influencing the beam quality such as average power and pump repetition rate are studied in detail.
Faraday isolator based on crystalline silicon for 2-micron wavelength range
Authors: Snetkov Ilya
Published: June 2022

Based on crystalline silicon a bulk free-space traditional Faraday isolator and Faraday isolator with compensation of thermally induced depolarization without reciprocal rotator were implemented and were studied for the radiation with λ=1940 nm.
High speed mid-infrared Stark modulator for optical data transmission up to 10 Gbit.s-1
Authors: Bonazzi Thomas , Dely Hamza , Spitz Olivier , Rodriguez Etienne , Gacemi Djamal , Todorov Yanko , Pantzas Konstantinos , Beaudoin Grégoire , Sagnes Isabelle , Grillot Frédéric , Vasanelli Angela , Sirtori Carlo
Published: June 2022

Using the Stark effect in coupled InGas/AlInAs quantum wells, we demonstrate a mid-infrared broadband optoelectronic external modulator enabling 10 Gbit/s free space optical data-transmission in the second atmospheric window (9 µm) at room temperature.
Engineering of patch antenna resonator losses through a metamaterial approach for unipolar quantum detectors
Authors: Rodriguez Etienne , Bonazzi Thomas , Dely Hamza , Mastrangelo Marta , Sagnes Isabelle , Vasanelli Angela , Todorov Yanko , Sirtori Carlo
Published: June 2022

Patch antenna photodetectors permit great enhancements to quantum cascade photodetectors’ performances. Using the coupled mode theory, we present a quantitative study of the energy distribution and dissipation in such metamaterials to optimize them.
Hexagonal Ba2Ga8GeS16 for nonlinear optics in the mid-IR
Authors: Badikov Valeriy V. , Badikov Dmitrii V. , Shevyrdyaeva Galina S. , Kato Kiyoshi , Umemura Nobuhiro , Miyata Kentaro , Panyutin Vladimir L. , Petrov Valentin
Published: June 2022

The non-centrosymmetric hexagonal Ba2Ga8GeS16 (B2GGS) crystal is grown for the first time with good optical quality and its linear (transmission, dispersion, and birefringence) and nonlinear (second order nonlinear susceptibility) properties are studied.
Combination of Terawatt Yb laser and TiSa laser synchronized at a fs-level for precise ultrafast spectroscopy
Authors: Courjaud Antoine , Gontier Emilien , Mortz Arnaud , Jacob Côme , Lozan Olga , Vigroux Luc
Published: June 2022

We report on the combination of a Terawatt Ytterbium laser delivering 515mJ 435fs at 50Hz, and a Ti:Sa laser delivering 4mJ 90fs at 1kHz, synchronized with 3.2fs relative jitter, ideal for THz Pump-XUV probe experiments.
Millijoule femtosecond Tm:YAP regenerative amplifier for ultrabroad band collinear mid-infrared optical parametric amplifier
Authors: Rezvani Seyed Ali , Fuji Takao
Published: June 2022

Generation of 265-fs millijoule pulses at 1940 nm from a solid-state regen-erative amplifier has been demonstrated. The pulses have been used for pumping an ultrabroadband mid-infrared optical parametric amplifier.
Dissipative Kerr Solitons Burst in Microresonator and Time-frequency Analysis
Authors: Huang Xin , Xi Chaoxiang , Zhou Lefeng , Shen Yang , He Guangqiang
Published: June 2022

This paper establishes a Kerr soliton burst system by the double-pump method, which supports a single soliton state for over one hour. The soliton is analyzed by short-time Fourier transform to get the time-frequency spectrum.
LWIR OPCPA based on a fs Cr:ZnS front-end
Authors: Fürtjes Pia Johanna , Bock Martin , von Grafenstein Lorenz , Griebner Uwe , Elsaesser Thomas
Published: June 2022

A long-wave infrared OPCPA containing a front-end based on a femtosecond Cr:ZnS oscillator without additional nonlinear stages is presented, delivering idler pulses at 11.8 µm with a 14 µJ energy at a 1-kHz repetition rate.
Tunable, Broadband Mid-Infrared Source Based on Amplified Intrapulse Difference Frequency Generation
Authors: Bournet Quentin , Guichard Florent , Natile Michele , Zaouter Yoann , Joffre Manuel , Bonvalet Adeline , Druon Frederic , Hanna Marc , Georges Patrick
Published: June 2022

We report on an ultra-broadband mid-infrared source based on intrapulse difference-frequency-generation with time-delay and chirp optimizations of the pump and signal pulses, delivering 600 nJ, 50 fs pulses at 8.6 µm and 250 kHz repetition-rate.
1.3% conversion efficiency terahertz source based on lithium niobate pumped by sub-millijoule ytterbium laser
Authors: Guiramand L. , Nkeck J. E. , Ropagnol X. , Ozaki T. , Blanchard F.
Published: June 2022

We have developed a terahertz source with innovative dual-focus optics for emission collection. With a record conversion efficiency at room temperature, this source combines an average power of 74 mW and a field strength of 400 kV/cm.
Heterogeneously integrated InGaN-based green microdisk light-emitters on Si (100)
Authors: Zhang Xingfei , Li Zhicong , Zhang Yiyun , Wang Xuedong , Yi Xiaoyan , Wang Guohong , Li Jinmin
Published: June 2022

Heterogeneous integration of nitrides on Si (100) is expected to open the door to the new possibilities for this material system in the fields of high-speed integrated photonics and information processing. In this work, GaN epitaxial layer grown on the patterned sapphire substrate is transferred onto Si (100) by a combination of wafer bonding, laser lift-off and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) processes. The GaN epilayer transferred is uniformly thinned down to 800 nm with a root mean square surface roughness as low as 2.33 Å. The residual stress within the InGaN quantum wells transferred is mitigated by 79.4% after the CMP process. Accordingly, its emission wavelength exhibits a blue shift of 8.8 nm, revealing an alleviated quantum-confined Stark effect. Based on this platform, an array of microcavities with diverse geometrics and sizes are fabricated, by which optically-pumped green lasing at ∼505.8 nm is achieved with a linewidth of ∼0.48 nm from ∼12 µm microdisks. A spontaneous emission coupling factor of around 10−4 is roughly estimated based on the light output characteristics with increasing the pumping densities. Lasing behaviors beyond the threshold suggest that the microdisk suffers less thermal effects as compared to its undercut counterparts. The electrically-injected microdisks are also fabricated, with a turn-on voltage of ∼2.0 V and a leakage current as low as ∼2.4 pA at -5 V. Being compatible with traditional semiconductor processing techniques, this work provides a feasible solution to fabricate large-area heterogeneously integrated optoelectronic devices based on nitrides.
High-temperature error-free operation in a heterogeneous silicon quantum dot comb laser
Authors: Kurczveil Geza , Xiao Xian , Descos Antoine , Srinivasan Sudharsanan , Liang Di , Beausoleil Raymond G.
Published: June 2022

We show error-free operation in over 40 comb lines from a heterogeneous silicon comb laser operating continuous-wave at a substrate temperature of 50°C. Such devices are attractive sources for optical interconnects in next-generation HPC systems.
Intrinsic parameter-free calibration of FPP using a ray phase mapping model
Authors: Yang Yang , Miao Yupei , Liu Xiaoli , Pedrini Giancarlo , Tang Qijian , Osten Wolfgang , Peng Xiang
Published: June 2022

This Letter presents a ray phase mapping model (RPM) for fringe projection profilometry (FPP) that avoids calibrating intrinsic parameters. The novelty of the RPM, to the best of our knowledge, is the ability to characterize the imaging system with independent rays for each pixel, and to associate the rays with the projected phase in the illumination field for efficient 3D mapping, which avoids complex imaging-specific modeling about lens layout and distortion. Two loss functions are constructed to flexibly optimize camera ray parameters and mapping coefficients, respectively. As a universal approach, it has the potential to calibrate different types of FPP systems with high accuracy. Experiments on wide-angle lens FPP, telecentric lens FPP, and micro-electromechanical system (MEMS)-based FPP are carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Parallel micro-LED arrays with a high modulation bandwidth for a visible light communication
Authors: Yao Sunan , Chai Huaqing , Lei Lei , Zhu Zihe , Li Guoqiang , Wang Wenliang
Published: June 2022

Over the past few decades, GaN-based LEDs have been widely used in solid-state lighting (SSL) due to their energy-saving and long-lifetime characteristics. However, the limited modulation bandwidth of conventional commercial LED chips limits their application in a high-speed visible light communication (VLC) system. Herein, this work designs vertical parallel micro-LED arrays with different array numbers to develop LED sources for communication and lighting. The as-prepared micro-LEDs in a 2 × 2 array reveal a high modulation bandwidth of ∼785 MHz at 6.67 kA/cm2. Meanwhile, the light output power is over 7 mW, which is more suitable for VLC in free space.
Fused silica as an optical material [Invited]
Authors: Moore Lisa A. , Smith Charlene M.
Published: June 2022

Fused silica glass, with its large transparency range, low thermal expansion, high resistance to optical damage, high refractive index homogeneity, and ease of finishing has found use as an optical material in applications as varied as space shuttle windows, optical fiber, and deep UV lens elements. Its widespread role as an optical material has been enabled by manufacturing the glass from pure liquid precursor compounds, thereby minimizing impurities, and maximizing refractive index homogeneity. As a technical material, silica glass exhibits anomalous properties with respect to volume as a function of temperature and cooling rate, among other properties; these anomalies remain under investigation to this day. This article describes the manufacture of silica glasses and some of their varied optical applications. Silica is often used in demanding environments, an example of which is its use as a lens material for lithography systems using high photon excimer lasers. Static and dynamic properties of silica glass are discussed here.
CREM perspective on home office—a consideration of the workplace and its mechanisms of action
Authors: Voll Kyra , Gauger Felix , Pfnür Andreas
Published: June 2022

The effect between the workplace and work success is a black box whose mechanisms have so far received little theoretical substantiation. In the explanation of the importance of corporate real estate and its management for the success of companies, the influence of real estate on the work productivity of employees through the physical workplace is shown. However, the overall picture has not yet been fully elaborated and the fragmentary knowledge is only partially suitable for attributing organizational outcomes to the characteristics of the physical working environment. Without sufficient empirical data and a solid theoretical foundation for physical working environment studies, it is not possible to draw conclusions with sufficient certainty about the impact of working environments on organizational outcomes.

The fact that millions of people worldwide are working from home for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemic provides an unprecedented opportunity to explore the impact of the home office environment on business success.

This study aims to contribute to filling this research gap by further investigating the impact of the physical working environment at home on productivity by building on the Environmental Demands–Resources model. Therefore, the research goal is to determine which of the four included demands and resources (isolation, family–work interference, equipment/facilities, and building) have an impact on employee burnout and satisfaction, and how this impact affects employee productivity. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is used to analyze a German survey sample (n = 429).

The results suggest that the four included workplace characteristics have significant influence, with equipment/facilities and building increasing satisfaction and isolation and family–work interference increasing burnout. Equipment/facilities is identified as the most important factor affecting productivity in the home office.

Through this study, a contribution is made to establish a more inclusive and integrative framework for physical working environment research. In addition, the results show that workspace characteristics have an impact on productivity. Far beyond the pandemic, the impact of changes in workspace design on employee perceptions and organizational performance will be important to corporate real estate management practice.
An ensemble forecast system for tracking dynamics of dengue outbreaks and its validation in China
Authors: Chen Yuliang , Liu Tao , Yu Xiaolin , Zeng Qinghui , Cai Zixi , Wu Haisheng , Zhang Qingying , Xiao Jianpeng , Ma Wenjun , Pei Sen , Guo Pi
Published: June 2022

As a common vector-borne disease, dengue fever remains challenging to predict due to large variations in epidemic size across seasons driven by a number of factors including population susceptibility, mosquito density, meteorological conditions, geographical factors, and human mobility. An ensemble forecast system for dengue fever is first proposed that addresses the difficulty of predicting outbreaks with drastically different scales. The ensemble forecast system based on a susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) type of compartmental model coupled with a data assimilation method called the ensemble adjusted Kalman filter (EAKF) is constructed to generate real-time forecasts of dengue fever spread dynamics. The model was informed by meteorological and mosquito density information to depict the transmission of dengue virus among human and mosquito populations, and generate predictions. To account for the dramatic variations of outbreak size in different seasons, the effective population size parameter that is sequentially updated to adjust the predicted outbreak scale is introduced into the model. Before optimizing the transmission model, we update the effective population size using the most recent observations and historical records so that the predicted outbreak size is dynamically adjusted. In the retrospective forecast of dengue outbreaks in Guangzhou, China during the 2011–2017 seasons, the proposed forecast model generates accurate projections of peak timing, peak intensity, and total incidence, outperforming a generalized additive model approach. The ensemble forecast system can be operated in real-time and inform control planning to reduce the burden of dengue fever.
Community engaged tick surveillance and tickMAP as a public health tool to track the emergence of ticks and tick-borne diseases in New York
Authors: Hart Charles E. , Bhaskar Jahnavi Reddy , Reynolds Erin , Hermance Meghan , Earl Martin , Mahoney Matthew , Martinez Ana , Petzlova Ivona , Esterly Allen T. , Thangamani Saravanan
Published: June 2022

A community engaged passive surveillance program was utilized to acquire ticks and associated information throughout New York state. Ticks were speciated and screened for several tick-borne pathogens. Of these ticks, only I. scapularis was commonly infected with pathogens of human relevance, including B. burgdorferi, B. miyamotoi, A. phagocytophilum, B. microti, and Powassan virus. In addition, the geographic and temporal distribution of tick species and pathogens was determined. This enabled the construction of a powerful visual analytical mapping tool, tickMAP to track the emergence of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in real-time. The public can use this tool to identify hot-spots of disease emergence, clinicians for supportive evidence during differential diagnosis, and researchers to better understand factors influencing the emergence of ticks and tick-borne diseases in New York. Overall, we have created a community-engaged tick surveillance program and an interactive visual analytical tickMAP that other regions could emulate to provide real-time tracking and an early warning for the emergence of tick-borne diseases.
Factors that influence older patients’ participation in clinical communication within developed country hospitals and GP clinics: A systematic review of current literature
Authors: Gaffney Harry James , Hamiduzzaman Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Background

Engaging older adults in clinical communication is an essential aspect of high-quality elder care, patient safety and satisfaction in hospitals and GP clinics. However, the factors that influence older adults’ participation during their appointments with health professionals from the older patient’s perspective remain under-investigated.

Objectives

We aimed to fill this knowledge gap by reviewing research articles that have examined older patients’ involvement in clinical communication. In doing so, we hope to assist healthcare professionals and institutions in developing new strategies to improve older patients’ participation and engagement in clinical communication.

Methods

A systematic review of nine databases was conducted for studies reporting identified influences on older patients’ participation in clinical communication published from 2010. These studies were then subjected to thematic analysis for stratification.

Results

Twenty-one articles with a total of 36,797 participants were included and highlighted three major themes that influenced older patients’ participation in the clinical communication. The first theme identified includes accessibility to appointments, support, health information and person-centred care, highlighting that access to appointments, person centred care and health information significantly influences clinical communication participation. Relevant and understandable healthcare information identified that communication factors [i.e. tailored health information, health literacy and patient language barriers, and communication impairments] influences older patients’ participation. Older Patient perceptions of HCP credibility and trustworthiness highlighted how patient’s perceptions of health professionals influence their willingness to participate in clinical communications.

Conclusions and implications

This review demonstrates that there are several factors that contribute to insufficient or no participation of older patients in clinical communication in hospitals and GP clinics. These include accessibility to relevant and understandable health information, and the perceived health professional credibility and trustworthiness. Identifying ways to address these factors may improve patient participation, doctor-patient collaboration and overall health outcomes for older patients.
Assessment of disinfectant efficacy in reducing microbial growth
Authors: Alajlan Abdullah A. , Mukhtar Lenah E. , Almussallam Adnan S. , Alnuqaydan Abdullah M. , Albakiri Nasser S. , Almutari Turki F. , Bin Shehail Khalid M. , Aldawsari Fahad S. , Alajel Sulaiman M.
Published: June 2022

The incidence of hospital- and community-acquired infections has been dramatically increased worldwide. Accordingly, hands hygiene and the use of disinfectants have been increased leading to the expansion in hand sanitizers production to meet public demand. This study was conducted to assess the efficiency of common disinfectants in the market of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in inhibiting the microbial growth during the time of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Five bacterial strains of commonly hospital-acquired infections (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis) (ATCC reference strains and clinical isolates) were examined for their susceptibility against 18 disinfectants collected from the Saudi market. The tested 18 disinfectants were broadly clustered into different groups based on their active chemical composition as following: 12 products contained alcohol, 2 products had chlorhexidine, 3 products contained mixed concentration of alcohol/chlorhexidine and 1 product had a mixture of chlorhexidine/Hexamidine/Chlorocresol. By measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), our results revealed that all the 18 disinfectants have reduced the microbial growth of all the tested strains. Generally, the MICs and the MBCs for the clinical strains are higher than those of the reference strains. Taken together, our findings showed that all tested products have high disinfectants’ killing rate against microbes of different origins, which suggest the high quality of these disinfectants and the good surveillance practice by the local authorities in Saudi Arabia.
Settlement, environment, and climate change in SW Anatolia: Dynamics of regional variation and the end of Antiquity
Authors: Jacobson Matthew J. , Pickett Jordan , Gascoigne Alison L. , Fleitmann Dominik , Elton Hugh
Published: June 2022

This paper develops a regional dataset of change at 381 settlements for Lycia-Pamphylia in southwest Anatolia (Turkey) from volume 8 of theTabula Imperii Byzantini–a compilation of historical toponyms and archaeological evidence. This region is rich in archaeological remains and high-quality paleo-climatic and -environmental archives. Our archaeological synthesis enables direct comparison of these datasets to discuss current hypotheses of climate impacts on historical societies. A Roman Climatic Optimum, characterized by warmer and wetter conditions, facilitating Roman expansion in the 1st-2ndcenturies CE cannot be supported here, as Early Byzantine settlement did not benefit from enhanced precipitation in the 4th-6thcenturies CE as often supposed. However, widespread settlement decline in a period with challenging archaeological chronologies (c. 550–650 CE) was likely caused by a “perfect storm” of environmental, climatic, seismic, pathogenic and socio-economic factors, though a shift to drier conditions from c. 460 CE appears to have preceded other factors by at least a century.
Requirements and availability of prey for northeastern pacific southern resident killer whales
Authors: Couture Fanny , Oldford Greig , Christensen Villy , Barrett-Lennard Lance , Walters Carl
Published: June 2022

The salmon-eating Southern Resident killer whale (SRKW) (Orcinus orca) population currently comprises only 73 individuals, and is listed as ‘endangered’ under the Species at Risk Act in Canada. Recent evidence suggests that the growth of this population may be limited by food resources, especially Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We present spatio-temporal bioenergetics model for SRKW in the Salish Sea and the West Coast of Vancouver Island from 1979–2020 with the objective of evaluating how changes in the abundance, age-structure, and length-at-age of Chinook salmon populations has influenced the daily food consumption of the SRKW population. Our model showed that the SRKW population has been in energetic deficit for six of the last 40 years. Our results also suggested that the abundance of age-4 and age-5 Chinook salmon are significant predictors of energy intake for SRKW. We estimated that the annual consumption (April-October) of Chinook salmon by the whales between 1979 and 2020 ranged from 166,000 216,300. Over the past 40 years, the model estimated that the contribution in the predicted SRKW diet of Chinook salmon originating from the Columbia River has increased by about 34%, and decreased by about 15% for Chinook salmon stocks originating from Puget Sound. Overall, our study provides an overview of the requirements and availability of prey for SRKW over the last 40 years, while supporting the hypothesis that SRKW were limited by prey abundance in the study period.
Modeling recapitulates the heterogeneous outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and quantifies the differences in the innate immune and CD8 T-cell responses between patients experiencing mild and severe symptoms
Authors: Chatterjee Budhaditya , Singh Sandhu Harshbir , Dixit Narendra M.
Published: June 2022

SARS-CoV-2 infection results in highly heterogeneous outcomes, from cure without symptoms to acute respiratory distress and death. Empirical evidence points to the prominent roles of innate immune and CD8 T-cell responses in determining the outcomes. However, how these immune arms act in concert to elicit the outcomes remains unclear. Here, we developed a mathematical model of within-host SARS-CoV-2 infection that incorporates the essential features of the innate immune and CD8 T-cell responses. Remarkably, by varying the strengths and timings of the two immune arms, the model recapitulated the entire spectrum of outcomes realized. Furthermore, model predictions offered plausible explanations of several confounding clinical observations, including the occurrence of multiple peaks in viral load, viral recrudescence after symptom loss, and prolonged viral positivity. We applied the model to analyze published datasets of longitudinal viral load measurements from patients exhibiting diverse outcomes. The model provided excellent fits to the data. The best-fit parameter estimates indicated a nearly 80-fold stronger innate immune response and an over 200-fold more sensitive CD8 T-cell response in patients with mild compared to severe infection. These estimates provide quantitative insights into the likely origins of the dramatic inter-patient variability in the outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The insights have implications for interventions aimed at preventing severe disease and for understanding the differences between viral variants.