bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flat stone ceilings in the medieval Armenian architecture
Authors: Kazaryan Armen
Published: December 2024

Flat stone ceilings were not typical for medieval architecture. Nevertheless, such ceilings had an exceptional development in Armenian architecture from the 11th to the 13th centuries. They were executed in different masonry techniques and with a decor resembling starry heavens. For the first time, an overview of flat ceilings in chronological development is given, as well as their role in the plans of the buildings is investigated. The analysis is aimed at identifying the reasons for their widespread use in memorial buildings. The initial samples were created in Ani back in the 11th century, and this trend later developed in the Armenian capital and monastic buildings.
charm of the north
Authors: Grigoryeva Elena , Lidin Konstantin
Published: December 2024

Our country occupies the largest part of the Arctic, and more than half of our territories are permafrost. The North is, first and foremost, the Russian North. From ancient wooden churches to settlements and small towns, either very young or historic – the whole region is now waking up to new life due to the grandiose plans for the development of the Arctic regions. Exotic toponyms – Tiksi, Neryungri, Severobaikalsk – are beginning to breathe new romance and pose new challenges to urban planners.
Talk About Your Culture In Your English: Organized Meetings With The International Students
Authors: Kardeşler Zuhal , Yaman İsmail
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this qualitative study was to introduce 4th grade students in the Aviation Management Department to English varieties other than American and British English through scheduled meetings with students from other countries. The study involved 42 students, and data were gathered via an online form that was distributed following each meeting. Using manual and inductive coding as the preferred methods, the data were examined using content analysis. The findings show that by interacting with international learners, participants gained knowledge about various cultures and English language usage styles. Some participants thought the international students spoke English more fluently than average, while others found it difficult to pronounce the language or depended too heavily on their PowerPoints. Nevertheless, the study benefited Turkish and foreign students equally since it gave them worthwhile opportunities and experiences to widen their linguistic and cultural horizons.
İnkontinansı Olan ve Olmayan Engelli Bireye Sahip Ebeveynlerin Depresyon ve Yaşam Kalitelerinin İncelenmesi-Pilot Çalışma
Authors: Akınoğlu Bihter , Köse Aslı Emine , Yılmaz Ayfer Ezgi
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı üriner ve fekal inkontinansı olan ve olmayan engelli bireye sahip ebeveynlerin depresyon ve yaşam kalitelerinin incelenmesi ve karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya yaşları 4 ile 27 arasında değişen 18 engelli birey ve bu çocukların primer bakımlarını yapan ve yaşları 27-54 arasında değişen anneleri dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen bireylerde üriner inkontinans varlığını belirlemek için İşeme Bozuklukları Semptom skoru (İBSS) ve Fekal inkontinansı değerlendirmek için Holschneider Kontinans Skorlaması (HKS) kullanıldı. Engelli bireylerin ebeveynlerinin yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmek için Nottingham Sağlık Profili (NSP) ve depresyon düzeyini değerlendirmek için Beck Depresyon Ölçeği kullanıldı. İnkontinans varlığına göre yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon düzeyi karşılaştırmaları Mann-Whitney U testi ile araştırıldı. İBSS ve Holschneider skoru ile diğer ölçümler arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi normal dağılım gösteren verilerde Pearson’ın korelasyon katsayısı ile normal dağılım göstermeyen durumlarda Spearman sıra sayıları korelasyon katsayısı ile incelendi. Çalışma sonucunda engelli bireylerin fekal inkontinans ve üriner inkontinans şiddeti arttıkça ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitelerinin azaldığı belirlendi. İnkontinansı olan ve olmayan çocukların ebeveynlerinin Nottingham sağlık profili skoru ve Beck depresyon ölçeği skoru arasında fark olmadığı belirlendi. İnkontinansı olan ve olmayan engelli bireye sahip ebeveynlerin depresyon ve yaşam kaliteleri arasında fark olmamasına rağmen, üriner ve fekal inkontinans düzeyi arttıkça ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitesinin azaldığı görülmektedir. Bu nedenle inkontinansı olan engelli bireye sahip ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitelerini arttırmaya yönelik çalışmalar yapılmasını önermekteyiz.
İslam Hukuk Mantığı ve Felsefesi, yazar Ahmet Aydın (Ankara Kitabe Yayınları, 2023), 128 Sayfa, ISBN 9786259951058
Authors: Özaslan Fatma Zehra
Published: December 2024

Nasların sınırlı, olayların ise sınırsız olması nedeniyle gün geçtikçe fıkıhla ilgili birçok meselede İslam hukuk felsefesi ve mantığı gündeme gelmektedir. Burada tanıtımı yapılacak çalışma da bu konuyu ele almaktadır. İslam hukuk felsefesi ve mantığı başlığı altında mevcut hükümlerin geçmişteki sosyal çevre ve düşünce biçimlerinin ürünü olduğuna dikkat çekilen bu çalışmada Arap toplumunun vahiyle ilişkisi incelenmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı, İslam hukukundaki hükümlerin oluşumunda beşerî unsurun etkisini tespit ederek vahyin özüyle ilişkili hükümlerin ve beşerî faktörün etkin olduğu hususların birbirinden ayrılması gerekliliğine dikkat çekilmesidir. Böylelikle fıkhın yeniden inşasında vahyin özüyle ilişkili bir temel oluşturma iddiası çalışmanın temel tezini oluşturmaktadır.
المورسكي ومحاكم التّفتيش في الأندلس
Authors:   وزارة التربية /مديرية تربية ديالى /معهد الفنون الجميلة, صادق كاظم مهدي أزهر
Published: December 2024

يسلط البحث الضوء على ماجرى من ظلم واضطهاد للعرب المسلمين وغيرهم من الديانات الأخرى، ولكننا ليس بصدد الحديث عمّا حلّ بأهل الديانات الاخرى لكون البحث يتناول العرب المسلمين في الأندلس بعد سقوطها بيد الإسبان الذين أُجبروا على ترك الاسلام والتنصر بالقوة حفاظًا على ارواحهم وممتلكاتهم وهم الذين أُطلقت عليهم تسمية المورسكي أي العرب المتنصرين. وبالرغم من كل تلك الظروف القاسية والمحن والشدائد التي مرّ بها هؤلاء إلا أن بعضهم استطاع الحفاظ على دينه ومعتقده بالخفاء سرًّا، فهو نصراني بالعلن ومسلم بالخفاء لكونهم تعرضوا إلى اشد أنواع العذاب على يد قساوسة ديوان التفتيش المعروفة بمحاكم التفتيش الغاشمة سيئة الصيت، إذ استخدموا أبشع آلات التعذيب بحقهم وانتزاع اعترافاتهم بالقوة وإجبارهم على ترك الاسلام والتنصر للمسيحية من دون مراعاة لحقوق الانسان التي نصّت عليها جميع الأديان السماوية
Sistem Penujang Keputusan Pemilihan Lokasi Strategis Untuk Pendirian Minimarket di Kota Yogyakarta Menggunakan Metode TOPSIS
Authors: Kurniawan Nur Hidayat  , Indah Susilawati
Published: December 2024

Memilih lokasi yang strategis merupakan faktor kunci dalam membangun sebuah toko serba ada yang sukses. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik TOPSIS (Prioritas oleh Kemiripan ke Solusi Ideal) untuk mengembangkan sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) berbasis web. Sistem ini menggunakan data antarmuka pemrograman aplikasi (API) dan data pemerintah terkait seperti  kepadatan penduduk dan tingkat keamanan. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan cara normalisasi dan pembobotan setiap kriteria sesuai  kepentingannya. Metode TOPSIS  menghitung nilai preferensi berdasarkan jarak antara solusi ideal positif dan negatif dan membuat peringkat lokasi yang direkomendasikan. Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan Flask sebagai backend dan PostgreSQL sebagai database, serta  visualisasi berbasis peta yang terintegrasi untuk membantu pengguna memahami hasil analisis. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pengujian black box untuk memastikan bahwa setiap fitur bekerja sesuai spesifikasi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat memberikan hasil rekomendasi lokasi secara akurat sesuai logika algoritmik dan memproses input pengguna tanpa kesalahan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alat  bagi pengusaha dan pengambil kebijakan untuk mengambil keputusan strategis berdasarkan data.
KEYKIS-TECHNOLOGY FOR FORMULATION AND WRITING ECONOMIC RESEARCH CASE STUDIES ON THE TOPIC OF «STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT»
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, BEKETOVA Kamar , KISELEV Vladimir ,   Presidential Academy, RYSMAKHANOVA Gulmira ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The article describes an algorithm (sequence) – one of the elements of an extensive KEYKIS technology, a methodological KEYKIS approach reflecting the Russian practice of consulting managers and teaching at several faculties of the Presidential Academy (Graduate School of Corporate Governance, Institute of Public Administration and Management). The purpose of this article is to give an idea of a powerful toolkit that allows methodologically correct, concise, conceptually accurate formulation and writing of research case stages in the CASE study format. This competence is very rare and in great demand in management, marketing, political science, historical, legal, and financial disciplines, that is, in those subject areas that describe purposeful human activity, often interdisciplinary. The KEYKIS approach is applicable for a holistic systematic study of complex poorly formalized situations, in particular in state and municipal management (GMU). The methodological KEYKIS approach contains more than a hundred ingredient methods that simplify for authors of research case studies on a wide range of management topics the process of writing an author's case, author's self-reflection and iterative correction of a written complex socio-economic text. The approach is convenient for creating conceptual models, compact conceptual visualization for a specific problematic management situation. As a result of the application of these specific research methods, within the framework of the methodological KEYKIS approach, an extensive and constantly replenishing Database of cases of the Presidential Academy (database of Russian management cases on the subject of GMU) was created and legally formalized as a result of intellectual activity.
Keywords: methodological KEYKIS approach, public administration, local government, economic research case, formulation technology, economic decision-making.
EFFECT OF TRAINING HISTORY ON THE NUMBER OF SQUAT REPETITIONS AT MAXIMAL INTENDED VELOCITY UNDER VARYING LOADS
Authors: Spudić Darjan , Štirn Igor
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the number of maximal intended velocity (MIV) barbell squat repetitions performed at different loads (40%, 60%, and 80% 1RM) to a 10% velocity loss threshold between physical education students (n = 26) with endurance- (E-group) and resistance-training (R-group) backgrounds. Mixed-model ANOVA results indicated a significant interaction between load levels and training groups (p < 0.05, η² = 0.162) in number of repetitions performed. In the E-group, the number of repetitions decreased as load magnitude increased (10, 6 and 5 at 40%, 60% and 80% 1RM, respectively). Differences between groups were observed only at the 40% 1RM load, where the E-group performed ~50% more repetitions compared to the R-group (10 vs. 5; p < 0.05). Training history influences the number of MIV squat repetitions at lower loads. Thus, individual monitoring of repetition velocity is essential to tailor strength and power training programs effectively.
THE EFFECT OF OBSTACLE CROSSING ON INTER-JOINT COORDINATION AND VARIABILITY IN GAIT OF INDIVIDUALS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Authors: Panjeh Zadeh Behshad , Majlesi Mahdi , Fatahi Ali , Safikhani Hassan
Published: December 2024

Understanding the impact of obstacle crossing on inter-joint coordination and variability in the gait of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) is critical for the development of effective rehabilitation strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of obstacle crossing on inter-joint coordination and variability in the gait of individuals with Parkinson's disease. A motion capture system recorded kinematic gait data in two conditions - normal gait and obstacle crossing - in 15 individuals with Parkinson's disease (8 males and 7 females) and 17 healthy age-matched controls (9 males and 8 females). The vector coding technique was employed to evaluate coordination and its variability for the Knee-Hip, Ankle-Hip, and Ankle-Knee joint pairs during gait and obstacle crossing. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in joint coupling angles during the loading response and push-off phases (p < 0.05). Obstacle crossing induced phase and coupling angle changes between joints in both groups (p < 0.05), but only in the PD group, it resulted in increased variability in the ankle-knee coupling angle during the push-off phase (p < 0.05). The PD group exhibited lower variability during normal gait and higher variability during obstacle crossing compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Parkinson's disease alters joint angles, leading to changes in joint coupling angles and phase coordination between joints. Moreover, the level of variability in joint coupling angles, particularly during the loading response and push-off phases, is influenced by Parkinson's disease.
EXPERIENCES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND THEIR TEACHER WITH PEER TEACHING: FEEDBACK
Authors: Železnik Mežan Lea
Published: December 2024

Background: Reciprocal style or reciprocal peer teaching is based on peer-assisted learning and promotes learning with the help of peers and positive interdependence. Learners are paired and swap the roles of doer (i.e. tutee) and helper (i.e. tutor) to maximise each other’s learning. Reciprocal peer teaching has been shown to be an effective pedagogical model for use in schools. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate university students’ and teacher’s experiences of reciprocal peer teaching in athletics, focusing on observation, cooperative skills, and transitions. We were interested in whether prospective teachers and trainers would use this pedagogical model in the future. Methods: 36 university students participated in 45 45-minute lessons in athletics using reciprocal peer teaching. Semi-structured group interviews with randomly selected students took place twice for each study group. During the study, the teacher-as-researcher wrote a reflective analysis after each lesson. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and constant comparison. Results: Three themes were identified that described the students’ and teacher’s attitudes towards reciprocal peer teaching: (a) ‘Knowledge and observation’, (b) ‘Interpersonal and small-group skills’, and (c) ‘Usefulness and transition’. Discussion and Conclusions: According to the results, we believe that modern teaching approaches should have a place in pedagogically orientated university courses. For future research, we suggest collecting quantitative data, e.g. on the conceptual learning of university students.
A Review on Groundwater Pollution in India and their Health Problems
Authors: Sahdev Sahdev , Tomeshwar Tomeshwar , Kuldeep Kuldeep
Published: December 2024

Any change in the physical, chemical, and biological properties of water makes it unfit for consumption. Currently, the main sources of groundwater pollution in India are water from domestic, industrial, and agricultural sources, which enter and contaminate the groundwater mainly through soil leaching. As India's industry continues to expand, pollution from groundwater exploitation and groundwater depletion are becoming an issue. Chemicals and road salts, air pollutants, contaminated soils, heavy metals, acidification, landfills, microbial contaminants, pesticides, and nitrate contamination from groundwater, sewage, wastewater, and septic tanks are the major groundwater pollution problems in India. The same elements of inorganic contaminants: are aluminum, nickel, arsenic, barium, cadmium, dissolved particles, iron, lead, and zinc—potential health problems. Organic contaminants - Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, plasticizers, chlorinated solvents, dioxins, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics are present in water and affect its quality. Drinking contaminated water can cause kidney damage, liver damage, cancer, skin damage, skin inflammation, weight loss, nervous system damage, respiratory problems, etc. problems for healthy people. This review is to identify the Major Groundwater Contamination Problems in India and their Potential health problems.
Exploring The Versatility of Plant Fibers: A Comprehensive Review on Biomedical Applications
Authors: Mandle Neha , Kumar Deleshwar
Published: December 2024

Flex, jute, cotton, hemp, banana, and phormium are examples of plant-based fibers that are frequently employed in pharmaceutical applications. The production of natural fibers uses 60% less energy than the production of glass fibers. Discussions regarding natural plant fibers’ history, structure, composition, kinds, and biomedical applications are included in this overview. For the same performance, natural plant fiber has larger fiber contents, which reduces the need for more polluting polymer components. This paper discusses the usage of plant-based fibers and their applications in biomedicine while also considering prospective future research focused on environmentally friendly biomedical uses or applications.
Revolutionizing the Potential of Probiotics an Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Sachan Pranjal , Shrivastava Prachi , Goswami Meenakshi
Published: December 2024

Background Probiotics, which are live microorganisms beneficial to human health, have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their potential therapeutic and preventive effects on various health conditions. The human gut microbiota, comprising trillions of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in digestion, metabolism, immune function, and overall health. Disruptions in the gut microbiota have been associated with various diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic syndrome, immune-related conditions, and even mental health disorders.
Objective The objective of conducting an evidence-based review on the potential of probiotics is to assess their efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action in various health conditions.
Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, along EBSCO databases. The topics include " Probiotics", " History", " Composition", " Clinical significance, Prevention ", or " Recent advancements,".
Results This involves gathering and analyzing scientific research, clinical trials, and meta-analyses to evaluate the effects of probiotics on specific health outcomes. The review aims to provide an unbiased synthesis of available evidence to inform healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers about the role of probiotics in disease prevention, treatment, and maintenance of overall health. Key objectives may include:
Conclusion In conclusion, an evidence-based review on probiotics aims to assess their efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action across various health conditions. By synthesizing scientific research and clinical trials, such reviews provide valuable insights into the role of probiotics in disease management, overall health promotion, and potential adverse effects. Through rigorous analysis, these reviews inform healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers about the appropriate use of probiotics to optimize health outcomes.
Analisis Kualitas Layanan Administrasi Kependudukan Melalui Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat: Studi Kasus Kios Pelanduk Kelurahan Jatiluhur dan Desa Jatipurus, Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Aulia Maulidyah Dinda
Published: December 2024

Inovasi diperlukan guna perbaikan pelayanan publik serta dalam menjawab tuntutan masyarakat. Dispendukcapil Kebumen mencetuskan inovasi pelayanan kependudukan (pelanduk) dengan sejumlah tempat layanan (Kios) di sejumlah desa sehingga disebut Kios Pelanduk. Inovasi pelayanan jemput bola ini cukup berhasil meningkatkan prevalensi kepemilikan dokumen kependudukan di Kebumen. Penelitian penulis bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kualitas pelayanan Kios Pelanduk di Kelurahan Jatiluhur dan Desa Jatipurus berdasarkan Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat (IKM). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan kuisioner model skala likert. Ketentuan penilaian atau skor IKM sesuai PermenPANRB Nomor 14 Tahun 2017. Hasil perhitungan IKM diperoleh nilai IKM setiap indikator dan rekapitulasi IKM. Kios Pelanduk Jatiluhur dan Jatipurus mendapatkan skor IKM 84,69 dengan kualitas pelayanan yang tergolong baik dan memuaskan. Indikator pelayanan dengan nilai IKM tertinggi diperoleh indikator biaya atau tarif sebesar 89,75 dengan kualitas pelayanan baik. Indikator dengan perolehan IKM terendah adalah indikator penanganan aduan dan saran sebesar 74,81 dengan kualitas pelayanan cukup.
Policy Spillover: Analisis Jaringan Dampak Kebijakan Makan Siang Bergizi Gratis terhadap Sektor Pertanian
Authors: Dwijayanti Avrina
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan makan siang bergizi gratis yang dirancang oleh pasangan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Prabowo Subianto dan Gibran Rakabuming Raka terhadap sektor pertanian di Indonesia, khususnya dari perspektif efek spillover. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dan pendidikan anak melalui penyediaan makanan bergizi, namun implikasinya meluas ke sektor lain seperti pertanian, rantai pasokan, dan anggaran negara. Fokus penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi potensi dampak positif dan tantangan yang muncul, termasuk risiko ketergantungan pada program serta pengaruhnya terhadap keberlanjutan ekonomi petani. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus komparatif dan analisis jaringan, dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui analisis dokumen kebijakan, artikel terkait, serta studi kasus komparatif. Data diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak NVivo, yang memungkinkan pengkategorian data ke dalam node berdasarkan tema kebijakan, sektor pertanian, rantai pasokan, dan kesejahteraan petani. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi pola hubungan antar tema, sementara visualisasi jaringan memetakan pengaruh kebijakan terhadap sektor-sektor terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan ini memiliki efek spillover signifikan terhadap sektor pertanian, termasuk peningkatan permintaan produk lokal, penguatan pasar petani, serta dorongan terhadap praktik pertanian berkelanjutan. Namun, tantangan seperti fluktuasi harga, kebutuhan infrastruktur, dan dampak lingkungan menjadi perhatian utama. Untuk memaksimalkan manfaat, diperlukan perencanaan matang, diversifikasi pasar, serta dukungan kapasitas bagi petani. Dengan demikian, kebijakan ini memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani secara berkelanjutan jika didukung dengan strategi mitigasi risiko yang tepat.
Regenerative potential of skin exposed to stress factors and cosmetological peri-procedure practice
Authors:   Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine, Katowice Business University, Zielińska Magdalena , Malara Beata ,   Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine, Katowice Business University
Published: December 2024

Dysfunctional skin, exposed to stress factors, represents a significant challenge in the work of cosmetologists. Adequate skin regeneration is fundamental to the effectiveness and safety of treatments, especially in the context of the increasing popularity of stimulating procedures. The study aimed to analyse current scientific research on the impact of emotional stress on the skin’s regenerative capacity. Consideration of this aspect plays a key role in developing effective skin care and treatment plans, in line with modern approaches in cosmetology.
The application of thermolysis and sonophoresis for vascular closure. Case report
Authors:   Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Department in Sandomierz, Sałagan-Kwiatkowska Karolina , Makowska Małgorzata ,   Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Department in Sandomierz, Kędziora Aleksandra ,   Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Department in Sandomierz
Published: December 2024

Modern skin care cosmetology provides an extensive array of techniques to enhance skin condition, particularly those related to dilated blood vessels. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of combined therapy of thermolysis for occluding blood vessels and sonophoresis using ultrasound for skin regeneration and enhancement. The conducted skin analyses indicated that the integration of these two procedures yields satisfactory outcomes in the management of erythema and in the occlusion of blood vessels.
The hieroglyphic history, by Dimitrie Cantemir. Imaginary versus (I) mediated knowledge: the dialogue of epistemes
Authors: Corcinschi Nina
Published: December 2024

Dimitrie Cantemir’s Hieroglyphic History is a complex, multi-layered novel that involves a double hermeneutic: the symbolic and the empirical, the documented. To understand this novel in all its nuances, it is necessary to consider the medieval system of knowledge, sensibility and imagination, as well as the historical, religious, ideological and cultural context of the 18th century. Cantemir’s philosophical scope and universalist openness went far beyond the level of local culture. Christian dogmas, the symbolic way of relating to the world that was specific to his time are the starting point for his fictional vision. With writing strategies and techniques, Cantemir uses elements of tradition to construct a new world that is symbolically and allegorically "phosphorescent". Cantemir’s bestiary is populated by animals that acquire hybrid, strange, phantasmagorical dimensions that correspond not to reality, but to an ethical vision of the author. In order to exemplify a morally degraded reality, he employs a creative approach to transform an entire religious paradigm and traditional code of relating to existence. This first novel of Romanian literature far surpasses the period of 1705 and illustrates the strong lines of development of European artistic reflection. At that time, the author was already aware of his status as a scribe, being in Romanian culture "the first writer in the true sense of the word".
Romanian metaliterature from the Cernăuți region: critical synthesis
Authors: Apetri Dumitru
Published: December 2024

The article presents a critical synthesis of four literary metaliterary volumes published over the past 25 years. These works offer a comprehensive overview of the cultural, literary, and (to a limited extent) publicistic processes unfolding in the alienated Romanian spaces. The first volume belongs to the undersigned (Apetri, 2000), the following ones are signed by the personalities Ștefan Hostiuc (Hostiuc, 2005), Dragoș Olaru (Olaru, 2020) and Ștefan Broască (Broască, 2022). The first volume addresses the cultural and literary movement that occurred in Bucovina and the Herța region between 1775 and 1918, some literary achievements of the last two centuries, three cardinal Eminencian themes and some major social, cultural and literary events in the Romanian territories situated to the east of the Carpathian Mountains, which transpired during the 1990s. The next volume is presents a comprehensive survey of the artistic creation of the Chernivtsi region. It provides an in-depth look at the poetry of the compatriots, a profound aesthetic reflection and an analysis of the distinctive creative traits exhibited by its poets across generations. The study stands out for the density and accuracy of its assessments. The book Messages from the past (Mesaje din trecut) presents Eminescu within the context of a vast cultural environment from Chernivtsi. It provides significant information about a number of Romanian and foreign writers and cultural figures who were active in the north of Bucovina during the nineteenth century and a little later. In addition, it offers insights into the history of various cultural and social institutions, as well as the life of the land of Herța. St. Broască identified the main parameters that shaped the literary creation of specific Romanian writers by analysing the characteristics of two or three representative works by each author. This was followed by the delineation of their creative profile, accompanied by an evaluation of the comprehensive compendium Pages of Romanian literature (Pagini de literatură română) (Bostan, 2000), the emblematic anthology Poets from Bucovina (Poeți din Bucovina) (Rachieru, 1996) and the volume Messages from the past… (Mesaje din trecut…) (Olaru, 2020), which contain valuable meta-literary information about the anthologized artistic material.
Knowledge and Attitude Towards Dementia among Medical Students in the Western Region - Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Althubaiti Rehaf Fawaz , Alfhmi Najwa Mutlaq , Najmi Mayyas Abdulaziz , Alotaibi Turki Naif , Bazarra Ahmad Omar , Allhyani Jana Saleh , Alkhotani Amar Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Dementia is a significant public health issue that is linked to the aging population. To the best of our knowledge, there is limited data on medical students' knowledge and attitudes toward dementia in the Western region of Saudi Arabia which has some of the largest percentages of older adults in the country. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical students toward dementia in the Western region of Saudi Arabia
Assessing the Role of Pulmonary Vasodilators in Emergency Medicine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alotaibi Malak Fahad , Alghorry Nouf Sajer
Published: December 2024

Background: Pulmonary vasodilators play a crucial role in emergency medicine by providing rapid relief and stabilization in acute pulmonary conditions characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and hemodynamic instability. These medications act to dilate blood vessels in the lungs, thereby reducing pulmonary artery pressure and improving blood flow to optimize oxygenation and cardiac function. Methodology: In this systematic review we aim to investigate the role of pulmonary vasodilators in emergency medicine settings, focusing on their efficacy and safety in managing various conditions. The inclusion criteria for this systematic review encompassed studies published in peer-reviewed journals focusing on human subjects treated in emergency departments using pulmonary vasodilators. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was employed to assess the quality and potential biases in the observational studies included in this review, while for randomized trials, RoB 2: A revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used.
Internationalisation of the Study of Religion and Its Methodological Challenges
Authors: AKRAM MUHAMMAD
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses internationalisation of the study of religion after the mid-twentieth century and some methodological implications of this development. It is shown that when the International Association for the History of Religions (IAHR) was established in 1950 under the auspices of UNESCO to collaborate between scholars from different parts of the world, some non-Western scholars raised questions about the exact nature and objectives of the study of religion. The then protagonists of IAHR quickly responded to these questions by proclaiming “the basic minimum conditions” for academic study of religion, which did not leave much space for diversity of cultural perspectives in the field. Then the paper shows, through a brief historical survey of relevant materials, how the increased interaction between scholars from different cultures of the world thenceforth exposed the Eurocentric tenor of this discipline, and by implication its assumed methodological universality also came under question. It is concluded that, in spite of the widespread recognition of methodological contingencies afforded by different cultural perspectives and regional contexts, scholars are still divided on how various knowledge traditions of the world can be accommodated in the discipline without succumbing to explicit biases or apologetics.
Islamic Resurgence and Fazlur Rahman’s Case for Democracy
Authors: HAIDER NAVIN G.
Published: December 2024

The period between the 1970s and 1980s witnessed the resurgence of fundamentalist Islam in a large part of the Muslim world, manifesting as calls in favor of a system of government based on an elitist rule in the name of Islam. The prominent Islamic thinker Fazlur Rahman (d. 1988) was considered by many of his close associates as part of this wave. The present article is an attempt to prove that this assertion is incorrect by highlighting Fazlur Rahman’s arguments in favour of the people’s right to rule during a time when both the ‘ulama’ and the global Muslim public at large believed the opposite. Fazlur Rahman’s strong faith in democracy could not let him sit idle, and he wrote in favour of the rule of the people and the role of the ummah in the business of the state through its elected representatives.
The Qisas and Diyat Law in Pakistan
Authors: Alam Qadeer
Published: December 2024

The penal laws adopted and practiced by Muslims in the modern period are an appraisal of their adherence to the Qur’anic principles of justice and contemporary human rights law. In 1990, Pakistan incorporated amendments in Pakistan Penal Code to make the penal laws of the country in consonance with the Qur’an and the sunnah—a constitutional obligation. However, Pakistan’s existing law of homicide does not completely comply with the Qur’anic principles of justice and human rights. The paper argues that the Qisas and Diyat Law of Pakistan has further complicated the prosecution of offence of murder on the following grounds: (a) power of legal heirs to waive off or compound the offence of intentional murder (qatl-i ‘amd) at any stage of the trial; (b)  controversy over the interpretation of some sections of the law related to qatl-i ‘amd not liable to qisas; (c) jurisdiction of the court to award punishment of ta‘zir in cases of fasad fi ’l-ard wherein qisas is waived or compounded.
Does a Compromise Blot out Both Guilt and Punishment?
Authors: Munir Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The proposition of whether pardoning a convicted person with or without blood-money would obliterate both his sentence and conviction or obliterate his sentence only without affecting the conviction has divided opinions of the Honourable judges of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. This work attempts to evaluate the interpretation and reasoning of the Honourable judges as per the cases decided so far by the Supreme Court on this issue. It explores the arguments that are missing in judicial interpretations rendered by the Honourable Supreme Court in addition to the views of Muslim jurists on this tricky issue and other issues akin thereto that might arise before the august court in the future. Its main finding is that under Islamic law pardoning a convict with or without compensation would only obliterate his sentence and not his conviction, as he will be permanently debarred from his share in inheritance from the deceased if he is one of his legal heirs.
‘Ulamā’ and the Muslim Family Laws in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Mujeeb
Published: December 2024

Fatvā writing is an important discipline of Islamic sciences. The scope of fatvā writing, especially in modern times, is vast, which may have multi-dimensional impact on the state and society. Since the muftīs believe that they are performing religious duties through fatvā writing, their fatāvā are deemed, to some extent, establishing a parallel or rather alternate legal system in their respective societies. An overwhelming number of Pakistanis follow the ‘ulamā’ and muftīs of their respective schools of thought in their social, moral, and legal matters. Majority of the ‘ulamā’ and muftīs are of the view that many provisions of Pakistan’s penal code and family laws are not in line with the sharī‘ah. The Muslim Family Laws Ordinance, 1961 (MFLO) is still under debate among the ‘ulamā’ and muftīs. The same is the case with the Protection of Women (Criminal Laws Amendment) Bill, 2006. This paper starts with an overview of the historical development of the family laws in many Muslim countries, especially in Pakistan. Then it turns to the responses of the Pakistani ‘ulamā’ and muftīs to the MFLO. The paper also studies a publicized court case and discusses the practical defiance of the ordinance. It ends with the conclusion.
Religious Extremism and Online Radicalization in Pakistan
Authors: Suhaib Abdul Quddus , Adnan Malik
Published: December 2024

In the present media age, the phenomenon of violent extremism is one of the major challenges confronting Pakistan’s internal and external security. Cyber radicalization and Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) has become a daunting task around the globe because of the changing nature of conflicts. This study explores the literature on online radicalization, extremism, its trends and challenges with special reference to Pakistan. The study investigates how social media helps militant groups in spreading hate and radical thoughts to propagate extremist ideologies. The study also probes the measures adopted by Pakistan to counter cyber extremism and radicalization. The study concludes that due to the fact that terrorist organizations are a constant driver of violent extremism and are linked to hostile foreign agencies, Pakistan faces significant social and economic losses as a result. Therefore, there is a need for an effective policy to counter radical ideas disseminated through the Internet.
The Development of Science and Technology in the Muslim World
Authors: Mehfooz Musferah , Syed Ahmed Shuja
Published: December 2024

The claim that Muslim scientists played a vital role in laying down the foundations of modern science and technology cannot be contested. Muslims benefited from the sciences of various civilizations such as the Chinese, Indian, Roman, Persian, and Greek. They then added their own original and significant findings, refreshing several branches of knowledge including physics, medicine, chemistry, and optics and passed it on to Europe. These endeavours by Muslim scientists spanned over centuries. Modern Europe seems to have taken over the task of developing science and technology, leaving Muslims behind. This situation warrants deliberation over the causes of the rise and fall of Muslim civilization, particularly in the realms of science and technology. This study attempts to highlight the achievements of contemporary Muslim scientists, identify reasons for the need for advancement of scientific research in Muslim nations, and suggest ways to overcome the hurdles impeding the creativity in Muslim minds towards the development of knowledge in its comprehensive sense. An analytical approach has been applied in this study to conclude objectively along with qualitative research methodology.
Abortion and Rape Laws in Pakistan
Authors: Qurratul-Ain-Munir-Minhas  , Niazi Samia Maqbool
Published: December 2024

Rape is the most heinous act that can be committed against women and their families, often resulting in both short- and long-term complications. Abortion in the case of rape is an issue of social justice, human autonomy, and women’s health. Pakistani laws do not provide freedom for women to choose abortion for themselves in normal circumstances nor do they cover the issue of rape-related pregnancies. This article deals with the analysis, explanation, and discussion of rape and abortion. The issue of pregnancy as a consequence of rape has also been highlighted with reference to abortion laws. Moreover, the legal rights and shelters offered to victims and their children have been critically examined. The article looks at the rulings on rape and abortion in both classical Islamic law and Pakistan’s legal system, highlighting basic, substantive, and procedural gaps in the legal framework.
Islamic Concept of Faith and Human Development
Authors: Tarar Amina Hanif , Hasan Syeda Salma
Published: December 2024

The current psychological theory of faith proposes that faith is not restricted to belief. Rather, it is a way of being in this world incorporating all cognitive, emotional, and spiritual aspects of human life. Furthermore, faith is developmental in nature. The current article takes this developmental approach to faith, comparing its Islamic concept with the current Western paradigm. Undertaking an analysis of the concept of faith in the Qur’ān and ḥadīth, the discussion proceeds to discuss the stages of faith in Islam namely islām, īmān, and iḥsān. The cognitive, affective, and behavioural dimensions of human faith are discussed within Islamic paradigm with their implications for moral judgment and unique spiritual pathways for the individual. The article emphasizes how the integrative principle of tawḥīd binds all these dimensions together for a coherent and balanced human self.
Fārābī’s Theory of Language and Its Relevance to Contemporary Issues in Universal Grammar and Cognitive Semantics
Authors: Asghar Jamil , Shahzad Khurram
Published: December 2024

Abū Naṣr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-Fārābī (d. 339/950), a renowned Muslim philosopher, logician, and a polymath, is relatively lesser known for his contribution to the study of language, and most of his introductions are based on his politico-philosophical writings. The present paper seeks to throw light on Fārābī’s contribution to linguistics and critically compare it with the ideas of some of the most notable contemporary linguists, chiefly with those of Noam Chomsky. The study traces remarkable similarities as well as crucial differences. Fārābī’s Kitāb al-Ḥurūf (Book of Letters) contains many of his ideas, which harbingered some of the most far-reaching linguistic theories/disciplines of the twentieth century, including universal grammar, cognitive semantics, formal semantics, Saussurean structuralism, and discourse studies. Writers and researchers as diverse as Ian R. Netton, Peter Adamson, Muhammad Ali Khalidi, Richard Rudolph Walzer, Thérèse-Anne Druart, Charles Butterworth, and Nadja Germann have played a significant role over the recent years to highlight Fārābī’s accomplishments in the field of linguistics. The present-day language-related issues allow us to appreciate more profitably the singularity of Fārābī as an exceedingly perceptive linguist and a semanticist. This paper too is a contribution to this tradition.
Cognitive Restructuring of Psychology
Authors: Rassool G. Hussein
Published: December 2024

The article presents a vertical and horizontal integrated embedded curriculum model of Islamic psychology through a descriptive and theoretical study conceptualized by al-Faruqi’s and Berghout’s conceptual framework in the Islamization of knowledge. The article demonstrates how an amalgam of this framework offers useful resources in the development of undergraduate or post-graduate courses in Islamic psychology. With the proliferation of Islamic psychology and psychotherapy courses on a global scale, this article will provide a stimulus to the further examination and development of conceptual and curriculum models based on the tawḥīd paradigm in the Islamization of psychology.
Construction of Authenticity in Islamic Law
Authors: Cheema Shahbaz Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Construction of authenticity in Islamic law on contentious issues including gender-related issues is an outcome of an intricate and complex process of interaction between the divine and human agency situated in a specific sociopolitical context. The divine text is not monolithic and is susceptible of various interpretations. It is this interpretative space, which is employed by scholars coming from various backgrounds to articulate their authenticities. Hence, we do not find one authentic perspective on any issue. Without preferring one perspective to others, the paper aims to analyze the process of constructive mechanics by engaging with the issues of polygamy, dissolution of marriage by divorce and khul‘, and women’s participation in the political domain. For this purpose, it has attempted to deconstruct the constructive process of authenticities relating to these issues with an object to discern how mush these authenticities are the product of the divine agency and where they are influenced by a human agency located in a specific context.
Travelers and travels – historical-cultural and spiritual forces
Authors: Boda Gherghina , Rogojanu Dumitru-Catalin
Published: December 2024

Ever since his appearance, man has been driven by various needs to move beyond his comfort zone, his actions and activities often requiring him to travel around. Thus, he becomes a traveler in search of food, living space,
conquest of new territories, curiosity, pilgrimages, pleasure, relaxation, and entertainment. If the testimonies from Antiquity about journeys and travelers are quite brief and sporadic, over time they have multiplied and become valuable historical sources, especially through travel diaries or descriptions of events, such as armed confrontations and their movement around different areas of the world. Thus, people have obtained information about spaces other than their homelands, about cultures, traditions, customs, rites and rituals, religions, monuments and works of art, etc. of Others, compared to their own. The individual is excited to travel, to make direct contact with other peoples and
communities, with their famous monuments, which he assimilates in a subjective way, psychologizes them and reinvests them with new values, thus bringing his own contribution to the process of heritagization of some special objects, outstanding products of human creativity.
Folk Costume Exhibitions in the Russian Ethnographic Museum (Saint Petersburg)
Authors: Kalashnikova Natalia
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the experience of the Russian Ethnographic Museum (REM) in preparing exhibition
projects dedicated to the study and display of traditional clothing typical of the peoples of Eurasia in the 18th–20th centuries. These projects in the context of “Anthropology of the Thing” were divided into exhibitions of complete costume complexes; exhibitions of individual costume elements, and exhibitions demonstrating various materials and techniques for making folk clothing. These thematic exhibitions held with the annual scientific conferences “Fashion and Design: Historical Experience – New Technologies” held by the REM jointly with the St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design and the State Hermitage Museum. The long-term exhibition project “Anthropology of the Thing” allows us to consider the issues of costume and textile design using the example of studying museum collections in combination with discussions at scientific conferences attended by both
museum staff and a wide range of specialists in the field of costume and fashion history, archaeologists, ethnographers, art historians, designers, fashion designers, etc.
Casa mare as a source of authenticity for the urban culture of Chisinau
Authors: Ivanova Nina
Published: December 2024

The presence of casa mare, one of the key and most striking elements of traditional culture, in the urban environment of Chisinau attests preservation of a close relationship between rural and urban culture in Moldova. It is primarily related to the peculiarities of the urbanization process that took place during the last 70 years, which resulted in the formation of a heterogeneous urban population, the majority of which maintains links with the village and preserves certain rural practices. Moreover, rural traditional culture is a key element in maintaining national identity, as it provides continuity and uniqueness in a globalized world. This explains its popularization at the level of cultural policy and its visible presence in the urban environment. While festivals, celebrations and other urban events are dominated by the musical component of traditional culture, the visual aspect of the urban environment reflects elements of casa mare. The representative room of the village house furnished and decorated with the most beautiful objects and performing a number of ritual functions, could not “move” to the city together with the bearers of culture. Nevertheless, some of its functions have now passed to restaurants (family rituals and holidays) and folk form of ornaments, colors of carpets and embroidery has undergone a number of transformations and is present in the modern urban environment.