bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN HARGA POKOK PRODUK BAGI KELOMPOK USAHA PEMBUATAN ABON IKAN PATIN
Authors: Rohendi Hendi , Apriliawati Yeti , Mulyandani Vina Citra , Irawan Arry , Nugraha Arie Apriadi , Putra Sugih Sutrisno , Novianty Ira , Setiawan Setiawan , Mauluddi Hasbi Assidiki
Published: November 2024

Desa Bojong Haleuang di Kecamatan Saguling, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, memiliki potensi besar dalam budidaya ikan patin, yang telah dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat untuk mendirikan kelompok usaha pembuatan abon berbahan baku ikan patin. Namun, kendala dalam pengelolaan keuangan dan penentuan harga pokok produk menyebabkan ketidakefisienan dan ketidakstabilan pendapatan. Pelatihan penyusunan harga pokok produk ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas kelompok usaha dalam menghitung biaya produksi dengan akurat dan menetapkan harga jual yang kompetitif. Tahapan pelatihan meliputi identifikasi dan klasifikasi biaya, perhitungan biaya bahan baku, tenaga kerja langsung, dan overhead, serta penyusunan harga pokok produk. Pelatihan ini mendukung berbagai poin SDGs, termasuk pengentasan kemiskinan, peningkatan ketahanan pangan, penciptaan pekerjaan layak, konsumsi dan produksi yang bertanggung jawab, serta konservasi ekosistem laut. Hasilnya, kelompok usaha diharapkan dapat mengelola biaya produksi lebih efisien, menetapkan harga jual yang sesuai, dan meningkatkan stabilitas pendapatan. Dengan demikian, pelatihan ini berkontribusi pada keberlanjutan usaha dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Bojong Haleuang.
SISTEMAS, TEMPOS E ESPAÇOS O LAB-MUNDI EM DEZ ANOS DE FAZER HISTORIOGRÁFICO
Authors: Moreli Alexandre
Published: November 2024

Para além do resultado do Seminário “10 anos de Lab-Mundi”, foi também por meio das noções de diálogo e de transmissão que este livro foi traçado. Como as leitoras e os leitores poderão observar, ele reúne trabalhos
e reflexões apresentados no evento, mas igualmente se organiza a partir de princípios e dinâmicas de diversas atividades que estruturam o Laboratório de Estudos sobre o Brasil e o Sistema Mundial, o Lab-Mundi. Criado em
abril de 2013 pelos professores Rafael Marquese e João Paulo Pimenta, do Departamento de História da USP, juntamente com diversos colegas, alunas e alunos, o Lab-Mundi tornou-se um espaço para ações das mais importantes
e profícuas que uma universidade pública pode abrigar: a valorização do fazer historiográfico e das relações de aprendizado entre professores e alunos.
Comércio, informações e diplomacia: o grão-ducado da Toscana e o império português no Atlântico (1580-1640), breves apontamentos historiográficos e metodológicos
Authors: Silva Joao Gabriel Covolan
Published: November 2024

Neste texto, apresentaremos sinteticamente o estado da arte na historiografia ao que se refere às redes mercantis e os projetos coloniais da Toscana entre fins do século XVI e as primeiras décadas do século XVII, no que tange em específico à América portuguesa.
Monitorização Glicêmica
Authors: Mourão Denise Machado , Santos Ana Clara Silva dos , Santos Gean Moreira Silva , Santos Walas Teles dos , Vieira Saulo Ricardo Queiroz , Bomfim Mauro Pinho , Escudeiro Angélica Fernandes , Maia Michele Cristina , Oliveira Lara Gigante , Alves Ketelly Oliveira , Oliveira Larisse Leite , Passinho Renata Soares , Souza Agma Leozina Viana
Published: November 2024

A monitorização glicêmica é essencial no manejo do diabetes, pois permite verificar os níveis de glicose no sangue. Essa prática, quando feita de forma adequada, auxilia pessoas com diabetes a conhecer melhor suas variações glicêmicas frente a diversas situações, como ao se alimentar, ao fazer exercícios físicos, com os medicamentos prescritos, em dias de doença, entre outros. Além disso, permite que a equipe de saúde possa ajustar o tratamento de forma mais assertiva. Ela também possibilita uma tomada de decisão mais adequada frente a crises de hipoglicemia e hiperglicemia. Este e-book aborda detalhadamente aspectos fundamentais para um monitoramento glicêmico efetivo, fornecendo informações cruciais para pacientes, profissionais de saúde e cuidadores. O conteúdo está estruturado em capítulos que cobrem os seguintes tópicos: higienização das mãos; manuseio de glicosímetros, tiras reagentes e lancetas; técnicas de coleta de sangue; erros comuns na monitorização; descarte adequado de materiais; registro das glicemias; entre outros. Esta obra dedica atenção especial às tecnologias mais recentes, como os sensores de glicose, proporcionando uma compreensão abrangente das diferentes opções disponíveis no mercado. Por fim, são apresentadas diretrizes para a correta interpretação dos valores obtidos, capacitando o leitor a utilizar efetivamente as informações para um melhor manejo desta condição.
Análisis de los sistemas de gobernanza e institucionalidad que regulan la prevención y manejo de especies vegetales invasoras.
Authors:   , Rey-Aguirre Martínez Antonia Javiera
Published: November 2024

Las especies exóticas invasoras (EEI) son una de las principales causas de pérdida de biodiversidad a nivel global. El problema ecológico, económico y social que plantean las especies invasoras o introducidas ha provocado en todo el mundo la necesidad de contar con estrategias más firmes, así como marcos legales y planes de manejo que interactúen para poder combatir esta amenaza compartida de manera más eficiente.
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los marcos regulatorios sobre especies exóticas invasoras de Chile y otros países para proponer mejoras a nivel nacional. Se realizó un análisis de los sistemas de gobernanza que diversos países y regiones tienen para cumplir las obligaciones internacionales relacionadas a la prevención y manejo de especies vegetales invasoras que pueden afectar los ecosistemas, identificando quién, cómo y en base a qué instrumentos o herramientas se toman las decisiones. La investigación se centra primero en identificar los principales marcos regulatorios sobre EEI que países y regiones han implementado para su gestión, clasificando cada país de acuerdo con sus acuerdos internacionales ratificados; su normativa nacional, identificando en qué jerarquía interna se encuentran estas regulaciones; el mecanismo utilizado para la gestión de EEI y de acuerdo con su institucionalidad. Con esta base de datos generada, cada país fue evaluado y obtuvo su propio Índice de Marco Regulatorio (IUMR).
Para analizar el contexto nacional general de cada país se establecieron indicadores sociales, económicos y ecológicos de cada uno de ellos, los cuales fueron analizados estadísticamente a través del software R.
Los resultados indicaron los principales mecanismos utilizados por países con marcos regulatorios muy completos, y las principales variables que pueden influir en esta calificación, y en su éxito o fracaso como instrumento normativo.
Does Fintech Affect Consumer Retention in Islamic Banks? Empirical Evidence from OIC Countries
Authors: Khan Safeer Ullah , Sumarliah Eli
Published: November 2024

FinTech is a trendy topic that has increased rapidly in Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries, where Muslim consumers desire to use banking services in a Sharia conforming way. Thus, the research seeks to examine the effect of FinTech applied by Islamic banks of OIC countries on consumer retention.� The Islamic banking system in OIC nations has mainly been in the foreground in carrying FinTech to its operations at the initial phase. Although consumers typically do not select Islamic banks for technologies, the study tries to investigate the effect of FinTech in maintaining consumers. Data collection uses the strata sampling method; online questionnaires are spread and collected from 317 customers of chosen banks in OIC countries. SPSS 25.0 analyzes statistical data via numerous examinations such as regression analysis, factor analysis, sample adequacy, and reliability analysis. The results show that compliance, consulting services, and payments of FinTech affect consumer retention. However, financing services considered vital in conventional banks do not significantly influence consumer retention. The research tries to help Islamic banks satisfy their consumers by using FinTech applications and helping FinTech firms enhance their finance amenities.
Islamic Human Capital Strategies for Preventing Fraud in Sharia Cooperatives
Authors: Sari Yuli Indah , Bin Mislan Cokrohadisumarto Widiyanto
Published: November 2024

The issue of internal fraud remains a hindrance to the development of this Sharia cooperative. Preventive measures with a new approach are necessary early on to address fraud. This research aims to find a practical model of the role of Islamic human capital development in preventing internal fraud at Sharia cooperatives. The study utilized a qualitative approach with a sample of 7 Baitul Tamwil Muhammadiyah (BTM) affiliated with the Central Java branch of Pusat BTM, Indonesia, selected through purposive sampling. The research results identified a practical model of Islamic human capital development and its role in preventing fraud in the Sharia cooperative. This includes efforts to build an Islamic environment, incorporate Islamic values into operational regulations, foster knowledge sharing, organize structured and independent training, and identify other factors involved in Islamic human capital development. Spiritual, knowledge, moral, and behavioural approaches were employed to reduce fraud and loss frequency and enhance employee performance.�
The Influence of Mudharabah Financing and Murabahah Financing on Net Profit in Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia 2019�2020
Authors: Prasetya Aulia Dinda , Winarsih Winarsih
Published: November 2024

Mudharabah and Murabahah Financing are part of the Sharia Commercial Bank program, which aims to increase net profit. From 2019 to 2020, Mudharabah and Murabahah Financing were included in the three types of financing most popular with customers. The higher the value of Mudharabah and Murabahah Financing, the higher the net profit generated. This research analyzes the influence of Mudharabah and Murabahah Financing on the net profit of Sharia Commercial Banks in 2019�2020. The population of this study is Sharia Commercial Banks registered with the OJK in 2019-2020. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling method, obtaining a sample of 8 Sharia Commercial Banks. This study used secondary data, which uses documentation data collection methods. This study found that Mudharabah Financing variable positively affects the net profit of Sharia Commercial Banks. Meanwhile, Murabahah Financing variable does not affect the net profit of Sharia Commercial Banks.
Las astucias del “estupefaciente imagen”. Pervivencias del surrealismo en Buñuel y Giacometti
Authors: Cabello Padial Gabriel
Published: November 2024

Las prácticas surrealistas tuvieron en su centro lo que Louis Aragon llamaba “el estupefaciente imagen”. Pero la imagen en tanto que practicada en el espacio urbano concebido como reservorio de sueños. El mismo espacio que tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial parecía quedar obliterado por el desarrollo del archivo audiovisual. A través de los ejemplos de Buñuel y Giacometti, este artículo pretende mostrar cómo el surrealismo pervivió en la obra de dos surrealistas que fueron clave durante el periodo de entreguerras, pero cuya obra sufrió profundas transformaciones con posterioridad. De este modo, se plantea cómo las lecciones del surrealismo continúan presente, cuando no vertebrando, la práctica de ambos.
DELİLLERİN TOPLANMASINDA SİLAHLARIN EŞİTLİĞİ İLKESİ
Authors: Işık Murat Can
Published: November 2024

Silahların eşitliği ilkesi, birçok konuda iddia makamı ile sanığın (şüphelinin) eşit imkanlardan faydalanmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, delillerin toplanmasında fırsat eşitliğinin hangi alanlarda nasıl sağlandığı ele alınmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, cezai alanda silahların eşitliği ilkesinin ne olduğu ortaya konarak başlanacak, ilkenin, delillerin toplanması aşamasına etkisi ele alınacaktır. Burada dikkat edilecek husus, cezai alanda adil yargılanma hakkının sağladığı teminatlardan sadece sanığın (şüpheli) faydalanabilecek olmasıdır. Bu sebeple çalışma boyunca, sanığın, iddia makamıyla dengelenmesine dair bir tartışmaya yer verilecektir. Savunma aleyhine toplanılan deliller ve delil toplanması talepleri şeklindeki iki ana başlıkta silahların eşitliği ilkesinin etkisi değerlendirilecek olunup, dördüncü derece doktrini, re’sen araştırma ilkesi gibi kavramlara da ihtiyaç duyulduğu kadarıyla temas edilecektir.
KONSERVASI LITERASI ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI LINGKUNGAN PALUH MERBAU
Authors: Lova Stelly Martha , Suwanto Suwanto , Lestari Wiwik
Published: November 2024

The community service activities carried out aim to improve students' literacy skills so that they can increase the level of education in the Paluh Merbau area. It is hoped that awareness of the importance of education can increase the knowledge of the Paluh Merbau population in dealing with technological developments. This stems from the problems faced by one of the schools in Paluh Merbau, namely MIS Raudhatul Faizin. The problems faced include: (1) The lack of teacher experience in efforts to improve students' literacy skills and (2) The lack of facilities that support students' literacy skills. The method of implementing activities is carried out through four stages, including: (1) Preparation: environmental observation (initial mapping), discussion of problems, and determination of problem solutions; (2) Implementation: implementing mentoring programs; (3) Monitoring and Evaluation: evaluation of the process and results of the mentoring program; and (4) Follow-up: developing mentoring programs in other aspects and on a wider scale. The results of the community service program that have been implemented include: (1) Assistance activities in designing learning, selecting reading sources and enjoyable reading techniques, (2) Assistance in managing and maximizing reading corners in schools, and (3) Managing and using e-books through barcode board innovation. The outcomes produced through this community service program include: (1) Teachers are able to utilize e-books in every learning design, (2) Teachers are able to manage e-books and use them, (3) Improve students' reading skills and deliver good material for teachers, (4) Availability of e-books and a management system, (5) Availability of a reading corner model, and (6) Management of reading corners and provision of reading resources (books and e-book barcode boards).
Redressing a Gap in Higher Education and Whiteness Literature: Conceptualizing the Pervasiveness of Whiteness in Higher Education Organizations
Authors: Southern Deborah E.
Published: November 2024

Higher education scholars have studied white supremacy and whiteness to understand the ways racial inequity persists in the academy; however, scholars mostly focus on individual and social levels of analysis such as individual ideologies or macro systems of oppression. Recent literature on racialized organizations have begun to address whiteness, but we have yet to fully understand how whiteness functions within organizations to reproduce racial inequities and sustain white supremacy as a racialized hegemonic power. Furthermore, there is little evidence on how organizations and their leaders support or resist whiteness. In this systematic review of whiteness in higher education research from the past 20 years, I identify a gap in the literature—that whiteness in higher education organizations is under examined. To begin to redress this gap, I designed a conceptual framework that examines how white supremacy as a hegemonic and racialized power via whiteness functions and is potentially contested in higher education organizations.
Mineralización de nitrógeno in situ en un cultivo estival: efecto de la humedad edáfica y forma nitrogenada presente
Authors: Rollán A. A. , Bachmeier O. A. , Sereno R.
Published: November 2024

Mediante incubaciones in situ de muestras de suelo sin disturbar, se estudió el efecto de la forma nitrogenada presente y la humedad edáfica sobre los procesos de mineralización e inmovilización de nitrógeno en un suelo Haplustol éntico del centro de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina). A lo largo del ciclo de un cultivo de soja (Glycine max L. Merr.) se evaluaron las cantidades de nitrato y amonio producidas durante 14 días de incubación, determinándose, paralelamente, la humedad edáfica. Se estableció la existencia de una relación negativa entre el contenido de N mineral inicial (nitrato + amonio) y el producido durante la incubación, cuando el contenido hídrico edáfico no fue limitante para el proceso. Los fenómenos de mineralización e inmovilización se relacionaron estrechamente con el estado energético del agua edáfica: tuvo lugar mineralización cuando el potencial mátrico varió entre -17 y -39 kPa, mientras que a potenciales menores se produjo inmovilización de nitrógeno.
Solar Basic Service – An Idea for Just Acceleration of the Energy Transition
Authors: Desing Harald , Schlesier Hauke , Gauch Marcel
Published: November 2024

What if every person on Earth would get a personal budget of solar energy, free to use individually or sell to others? A solar basic service—similar to other basic services like public education, roads or health care—can facilitate universal access to energy, end energy poverty, increase energy security, and trigger further investments to become independent of fossil fuels. Acknowledging the urgency for climate action in the face of a rapidly shrinking remaining carbon budget, it aims at accelerating the energy transition in a socially just way. It also aims at reducing barriers, potentially triggering positive social tipping towards a sunflower society predominantly powered by direct solar energy. Furthermore, it may help to legitimize currently unpopular, but highly necessary climate policies related to restricting fossil fuels.
Underreliance Harms Human-AI Collaboration More Than Overreliance in Medical Imaging
Authors: Gaube Susanne , Jussupow Ekaterina , Kokje Eesha , Khan Jowaria , Bondi-Kelly Elizabeth , Schicho Andreas , Kitamura Felipe Campos , Koch Timo Kevin , Ezer Timur , Mottok Jürgen , Lermer Eva , Ghassemi Marzyeh , Colak Errol
Published: November 2024

Importance: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to support clinicians in diagnostic decision-making holds significant potential; however, evidence regarding its clinical utility remains mixed. In many cases, the interaction between healthcare professionals and AI systems does not improve collaborative performance compared to the standalone performance of humans or AI. Currently, the underlying mechanisms that limit human-AI collaboration are poorly understood.Objective: To examine the impact of AI advice on diagnostic decision-making among experts and novices, focusing on understanding the role of explainability (XAI) on users’ reliance on advice.Design, Setting, and Participants: A mixed-methods design combining a crossover experimental design with a think-aloud and an eye-tracking study arm was conducted in 2023. Participants were task experts (radiologists) and novices (non-radiologist physicians and medical trainees) from 10 countries, with the think-aloud and eye-tracking conducted in Germany.Intervention: Participants reviewed 50 patient cases containing head CT scans and patient information. Every case was reviewed in three time-separate sessions in randomized order. In each session, participants were exposed to a different experimental condition: (a) control, i.e., no AI prediction presented; (b) basic advice, i.e., AI prediction without annotations; and (c) XAI advice, i.e., AI prediction with annotations. For each case, participants had to determine if the patients had an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), rate their confidence, and, if applicable, the usefulness of the AI advice.Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Diagnostic performance, confidence in the diagnosis, case reading time, and AI advice usefulness ratings.Results: The data analysis included 125 participants. The mean age was 28.5 years (SD = 6.72), and 55.2% identified as female. Underreliance on correct AI advice was associated with high uncertainty and had a more detrimental impact on diagnostic performance than overreliance on incorrect advice. XAI advice reduced underreliance and improved performance and confidence, particularly when reviewing more difficult cases with ICH. AI advice, particularly XAI, did not reduce reading time. XAI was perceived as more useful than basic AI advice, especially among novices.Conclusions and Relevance: Our findings indicate that underreliance on AI might be more harmful than overreliance, highlighting the need to develop efficient counterstrategies beyond current XAI methods.
What’s in a word? Cognitive-linguistic, Corpus-linguistic, Neuroscientific, AI, Psycholinguistic, and Usage-based perspectives
Authors: Ellis Nick
Published: November 2024

How do words mean? Scholars have historically taken different views. Shakespeare (1597) and de Saussure (1916) emphasized signification; Firth (1957) “you shall know a word by the company it keeps”; and Wittgenstein (1953) “in most cases meaning is use”. These maxims have influenced major contemporary research areas – signification imbues structuralism, semiotics, cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, embodied (4E) cognition, and neuroscience; lexical company inspires corpus linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence (AI); and usage-based approaches relate everyday social use to language acquisition and pedagogy. This chapter examines the historical and logical lineages of these ideas. Language is a complex adaptive system involving many types of agents – words and meanings, speeches and texts, speakers and social groups, cultures and customs. In language learning, signification, lexical company, and social usage are separable but symbiotic sources to meaning. In words, these sources of information are fused together. And who has done the fusing? You. You contain multitudes. You are a strange loop, an agentive self-referential hierarchical conscious system, who has hosted and dynamically merged these three complementary streams of information over the course of your lifetime, from before your first word, probably some version of “mother”, to now. This chapter reviews how.
Assessment of the Emotional Reactivity: The Chinese version of Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale
Authors: Long Fangfang , Liang Shiyi , Chen Huiling , Liang Ping , Teng Mingjun , Hou Lulu
Published: November 2024

The Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale (PERS) is developed to assess emotional reactivity, containing composites of emotional activation, intensity and duration, which is of high clinical importance. We developed Chinese version of PERS and evaluated its psychometric properties in local Chinese samples (N = 870). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 6-factor higher level model, which differently assess activation, intensity, duration on positive and negative valances, with all items loaded strongly on its corresponding sub-scale. Replication in correlation with measurement of psychopathology and emotion regulation difficulty scales supported the validity of the Chinese version PERS. Testing of measurement invariance supported its consistency in meaning across time and gender. Overall, the Chinese version of PERS showed good psychometric performance, similar to the original English version, confirming its utility in measuring emotional reactivity within the Chinese population.
The Parabolic and Hyperbolic Origins of the Number Line
Authors: Kusniec Charles
Published: November 2024

This study explores the intrinsic structure of the number line, governed by the parabolic and hyperbolic properties of integer divisors. By introducing the Modular Hyperbolic Lattice (MHL), a geometric framework grounded in modular arithmetic, we uncover a dual behavior that organizes integer divisors in parabolic patterns and hyperbolically. The MHL not only visualizes these distributions but also functions as a sieve for prime numbers, systematically identifying non-composite gaps along quadratic lines. Through this framework, we formalize the relationship between divisors and their complementary pairs, providing a novel perspective that bridges modularity, geometry, and number theory. This work builds on prior preprints, extending their scope and offering new insights into the distribution of primes. By combining analytical and visual methods, this study establishes a unified framework for interpreting the modular and geometric behavior of integers on the number line.This study, presented as a preprint, offers preliminary insights that are yet to undergo peer review. Future revisions may further refine the findings and conclusions drawn here.
Contextual Dynamics Through Neural Symmetry in Large Language Models
Authors: Mater Rene , Westbury Eliza , Cresswell Montague , Alderwick Ivy , Farleigh Edmund
Published: November 2024

Neural Symmetry Transformations (NST) have emerged as a novel approach to enhancing the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). By integrating symmetry principles into neural architectures, NST aims to improve contextual coherence and semantic accuracy in language processing tasks. The theoretical foundation of NST is grounded in mathematical formulations that define symmetry transformations within neural networks, facilitating more efficient information processing. Implementation of NST into open-source LLMs involves architectural modifications and specialized training paradigms, addressing computational considerations inherent in such integrations. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that NST-enhanced LLMs exhibit reduced perplexity and increased BLEU and F1 scores, indicating superior language modeling and generation performance. Comparative analyses reveal that NST integration leads to advancements in lexical diversity, sentiment analysis accuracy, and named entity recognition, surpassing baseline models. The observed improvements in language generation fluency suggest that NST contributes to the production of more natural and coherent text outputs. These findings demonstrate the potential of NST to serve as a foundational framework for future developments in neural language modeling, offering a novel approach to overcoming existing challenges in the field.
Créativité et liberté dans le cadre scolaire : Quelques réflexions à partir de la méthode Montessori et de l’Andragogie
Authors: Camarda Anaelle
Published: November 2024

Alors que l'école se concentre traditionnellement sur des compétences académiques classiques, il devient urgent de préparer les élèves à faire face aux défis contemporains, en particulier en matière d'innovation et d'adaptabilité. En ce sens, la créativité est une compétence clef du XXIe siècle, or, elle est souvent négligée dans les pratiques pédagogiques bien qu’essentielle pour résoudre des problèmes complexes. Si elle est si peu abordée à l’école, c’est en grande partie en raison d'un manque de formation des enseignants et d'une difficulté à comprendre ce qu'est la créativité, et comment elle se développe. A tort, de nombreux enseignants suivent une conception erronée selon laquelle « la créativité ne pourrait s’exprimer que dans un espace complètement libre ». Le présent article soutient que la créativité s’exprime au sein de contextes remplis de contraintes cognitives, sociales et temporelles. Bien souvent perçues comme des obstacles, ces derniers peuvent devenir des leviers pour stimuler la pensée créative. Le cadre scolaire en lui-même constitue une contrainte forte que doivent respecter à la fois les enseignants et les apprenants. Toutefois, il peut être transformé de manière à rendre ces contraintes génératives, plutôt qu'inhibitrices. Certaines pistes de réflexion seront apportées à partir des principes méthodologiques issus de diverses approches éducatives, en particulière celles de l'andragogie et la méthode Montessori.
Does reasoning hurt? The role of negative emotions in triggering deliberative reasoning.
Authors: Cortial Cédric , Prado Jérôme , Caparos Serge
Published: November 2024

Human thinking has long been posited to involve two different cognitive processes, also known as intuition and deliberation. While deliberation is effortful and cognitively costly, intuition is effortless. A central issue for reasoning theories is to account for the trigger of deliberation. Compelling theories explain the trigger of deliberative processes but have difficulties integrating the empirical and theoretical findings linking emotion to cognition. Here we propose to look at the issue of deliberation in the light of emotions. Inspired by philosophers of pragmatism, we postulate the existence of a negative valence emotion called doubt, which is associated with encountering an inconsistent or indeterminate situation which troubles the normal interaction between an individual and their environment. Those situations can generate varying degrees of doubt that reasoners attempt to eliminate with the use of deliberation. We believe that this addition to the models of reasoning helps explain current findings regarding how deliberative reasoning is triggered, our motivation to use deliberation, as well as the tendency to prefer intuition.
Generative AI Through the Lens of Neo-Schumpeterian Economics: Mapping the Future of Business Innovation
Authors: Kapoor Amita , Singh Narotam , Chaudhary Vaibhav , Singh Nimisha , Soni Neha
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the transformative impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on the business landscape, examining its role in reshaping traditional business models, intensifying market competition, and fostering innovation. By applying the principles of Neo-Schumpeterian economics, the research analyses how GenAI is driving a new wave of "creative destruction," leading to the emergence of novel business paradigms and value propositions. This research incorporates a novel AI-augmented SPAR-4-SLR framework as a key component, offering a systematic and innovative approach to analysing the rapidly evolving GenAI domain. By leveraging co-occurrence network analysis and LLM-based evaluation, this methodology identifies interdisciplinary trends and highlights diverse applications of GenAI. Beyond this, the study extends its scope to explore insights from internet-scraped data, Twitter analytics, and company reports, providing a comprehensive understanding of how GenAI is transforming businesses. This multi-faceted approach underscores GenAI's profound impact across industries such as technology, healthcare, and education, revealing its role in enhancing operational efficiency, driving product and service innovation, and creating new revenue streams. However, the deployment of GenAI also presents significant challenges, including ethical concerns, regulatory demands, and the risk of job displacement. By addressing the multifarious nature of GenAI, this paper provides valuable insights for business leaders, policymakers, and researchers, guiding them towards a balanced and responsible integration of this transformative technology. Ultimately, GenAI is not merely a technological advancement but a driver of profound change, heralding a future where creativity, efficiency, and growth are redefined.
The River and The Flow: Philosophy of Recursive Existentialism
Authors: Trukovich Joseph
Published: November 2024

IIn The River and The Flow: Philosophy of Recursive Existentialism, the river serves as a living metaphor for consciousness—dynamic, recursive, and deeply interconnected. This thought-provoking work embarks on a journey through the stages of awareness, from the merging tributaries of symbiogenesis to the rhythmic cycles of temporogenesis and the self-reflective depths of cognogenesis.Through the lens of recursive philosophy, the book reveals how consciousness evolves, not as a linear progression, but as a series of nested loops—each building on the past while shaping the future. Readers are guided through seven states of flow, ranging from the quiet stillness of Absent-Mindedness to the expansive unity of Mindfulness, uncovering profound insights into how we navigate the currents of daily life and the broader cycles of existence.Engaging and poetic, The River and The Flow bridges individual and collective awareness, exploring free will, technological evolution, and humanity’s role as both observer and participant in the universe’s journey toward self-knowledge. It challenges the illusion of separation and celebrates the infinite recursion at the heart of existence, inviting readers to find their place within the flow.This synthesis of philosophy, science, and metaphysical inquiry offers a profound reflection on consciousness and its boundless potential. Perfect for thinkers and dreamers alike, it illuminates the ways we shape—and are shaped by—the ever-moving currents of awareness.
No differences in first impression formation from voices in autistic listeners
Authors: Cai Qing , Ma Rong , Ng Terry Hin , White Sarah Joanne , Lavan Nadine
Published: November 2024

In everyday life, listeners spontaneously and rapidly form first impressions from others' voices: Are they young? Are they trustworthy? Previous research shows that, compared to non-autistic people, autistic people show similarities and differences in how they evaluate others based on their faces. However, it remains unclear whether autistic people form first impressions from voices in the same way as non-autistic people. We asked both autistic and non-autistic listeners to rate a social characteristic (Trustworthiness) and a physical characteristic (Age) from voice recordings that lasted 50, 200, or 800 ms to establish how they form first impressions from voices. We found that non-autistic and autistic listeners formed first impressions for Age and Trustworthiness in similar ways. Specifically, both groups showed comparable overall ratings of Age and Trustworthiness of voices. In terms of how much voice information is needed to form impressions, both autistic and non-autistic listeners also exhibited similar temporal trajectories. Finally, when comparing trait impressions within- and across- groups, we again found no systematic evidence of impression formation differing between autistic and non-autistic people. These findings highlight that social perception can be remarkably similar in autistic and non-autistic people. This, therefore, contextualises the often-reported social challenges encountered by autistic people, suggesting that these may be confined to specific individuals or to specific domains of social perception rather than being universally pervasive.
Dynamics of Resource Allocation in O-RANs: An In-depth Exploration of On-Policy and Off-Policy Deep Reinforcement Learning for Real-Time Applications
Authors: Mehdaoui Manal
Published: November 2024

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a powerful tool used for addressing complex challenges in mobile networks. This paper investigates the application of two DRL models, on-policy and off-policy, in the field of resource allocation for Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN). The on-policy model is the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), and the off-policy model is the Sample Efficient Actor-Critic with Experience Replay (ACER), which focuses on resolving the challenges of resource allocation associated with a Quality of Service (QoS) application that has strict requirements.Motivated by the original work of Nessrine Hammami and Kim Khoa Nguyen, this study is a replication to validate and prove the findings. Both PPO and ACER are used within the same experimental setup to assess their performance in a scenario of latency-sensitive and latency-tolerant users and compare them. The aim is to verify the efficacy of on-policy and off-policy DRL models in the context of O-RAN resource allocation.Results from this replication contribute to the ongoing scientific research and offer insights into the reproducibility and generalizability of the original research. This analysis reaffirms that both on-policy and off-policy DRL models have better performance than greedy algorithms in O-RAN settings. In addition, it confirms the original observations that the on-policy model (PPO) gives a favorable balance between energy consumption and user latency, while the off-policy model (ACER) shows a faster convergence. These findings give good insights to optimize resource allocation strategies in O-RANs.
Teaching Triangles: Motivation to engage in faculty development in a new multicultural university in Central Asia
Authors: Strubbe Linda , Balderston Genevieve , Canlas Ian
Published: November 2024

Supporting faculty to develop their teaching is important for all universities—and especially important and challenging in universities that are new, highly multicultural, and/or in developing countries. The University of Central Asia typifies these challenges and opportunities. We offer a case study of faculty motivation to engage in a professional development program called Teaching Triangles (TTs) at this university. In TTs, triads of faculty (usually from different disciplines and cultural backgrounds) observe each other teaching, and meet regularly through the term to reflect and optionally exchange feedback. We interviewed seventeen faculty about their participation in TTs, and explore in-depth the experiences of four. We find that Goal Orientation Theory and Self-Determination Theory offer useful lenses for understanding what motivates faculty to engage in and benefit from the program, including: taking a learning goal orientation, feeling autonomy, and feeling social connection. Take a learning goal orientation can facilitate exchanging teaching feedback across differences in perceived seniority, especially challenging in some cultures. We use our findings and these theories to draw implications for faculty development programs.
Dimensions of predictive success
Authors: Syrjanen Pekka
Published: November 2024

Predictive success is a central objective of science. However, compared to other important aims such as explanation and causal discovery, prediction remains an undertheorized aspect of science in the philosophy of science. Here, I offer an account of prediction that distinguishes between different forms of predictive success that theories and models achieve in science. I draw a distinction between logical and contingent dimensions of predictive success. Logical dimensions measure the theory’s predictive success with empirical data directly. These dimensions include accuracy, specificity, scope, and depth. Contingent dimensions encompass predictive successes that the theory or model achieves in relation to its context of discovery. These include forecasting, use-novelty, theoretical novelty, and temporal novelty. I analyse the connection of each dimension to theory confirmation and survey approaches to operationalizing the dimensions in scientific practice. I explore how understanding the dimensions of prediction can aid in theory evaluation and development and highlight further open issues and questions concerning prediction in science.
Minibasin dynamics control sediment dispersal on a salt-detached slope: examples from the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Fernandez Naiara , Duffy Oliver , Peel Frank , Apps Gillian , Jackson Christopher , Hudec Michael
Published: November 2024

Basal welds can halt the downslope translation of minibasins on salt-detached slopes, commonly giving rise to shortening and extension, updip and downdip, respectively, of the obstructed minibasins. How minibasin obstruction influences seafloor topography and thus deep-water sediment dispersal has not been previously investigated, despite it being an important control on hydrocarbon reservoir development. Using a 3D depth-migrated seismic reflection survey that images the mid-to-lower slope of the Northern Gulf of Mexico, we document: (1) minibasin welding and obstruction, and collision and overthrusting of an updip minibasin; and (2) extensional breakaway downdip of the welded minibasin. Using seismic attribute analysis, we show that these minibasin dynamics, controlled seabed relief and sediment dispersal. First, a slope-parallel submarine channel system was deflected perpendicular to the slope by relief generated by minibasin collision and overthrusting. A mass-transport complex (MTC) was subsequently deflected from its previous slope-parallel pathway by relief generated by uplift in the footwall of extensional breakaway-related normal fault. These results challenge traditional fill-and-spill models that consider only vertical subsidence and thus assume laterally static minibasins. Here, we highlight that minibasin mobility and obstruction exert an important influence on the seafloor morphology and hence, on the spatial configuration of deep-water depositional systems. Rather than a predictable response of the deep-water sediment transport system to minibasin obstruction related deformation, the obstruction-triggered seafloor topography changes are complex and locally constrained. Thus, we argue that a three-dimensional, dynamic salt-tectonic framework is required when assessing deep-water sediment dispersal on salt-influenced slopes where minibasin obstruction processes are ubiquitous.
De-Mystifying Willpower in Unassisted Smoking Cessation: A Qualitative Analysis Reveals a Systematic Profile of Situational and Cognitive Strategies
Authors: Marathia Effie , Duffy Sheila , Stephen Abigail , More Kimberly Rae , Saunders Blair
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study explores the self-regulation strategies and Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) employed by individuals who successfully quit smoking unassisted, aiming to understand the processes behind their cessation journeys. Methods: A qualitative content analysis was conducted on semi-structured interviews with 32 unassisted quitters. Data were analyzed inductively to identify themes related to the challenges faced, and deductively to map strategies used onto existing frameworks, including the Process Model of Self-Regulation and the BCT Taxonomy. Results: Participants employed a variety of strategies to manage cravings and avoid smoking triggers, including changing their environments, diverting attention, reappraising situations, and leveraging social support. The analysis revealed that participants engaged in polyregulation, whereby they used multiple strategies concurrently. The most frequently used strategies were situation selection/modification (51.9%) and cognitive change (28.3%), with behavior substitution and habit reversal being common BCTs. Conclusion: Unassisted quitters drew from a sophisticated array of strategies beyond the traditional notion of willpower, suggesting a “toolbox” approach to self-regulation and behavior change. These findings can inform public health policies and interventions to better support smoking cessation by promoting practical, learnable strategies for individuals attempting to quit without formal assistance.Keywords: Unassisted smoking cessation, self-regulation strategies, behavior change techniques, polyregulation, public health policy
Causal Manipulations of Social Media Use: Key Methodological Considerations
Authors: Murphy Stephen Lee , Vanden Abeele Mariek Magdalena Petra , Koster Ernst H. W. , Lemahieu Laura
Published: November 2024

There is extensive debate about the effects of social media use on wellbeing. Central to this debate is that evidence is lacking due to an inability to confirm causal pathways through experimental research. The rise of social media intervention experiments to tackle this issue has represented a positive change for the field. However, these studies are themselves encumbered by methodological issues, preventing a clear take-home message from this line of research. In the current paper we attempt to tackle this issue by highlighting to researchers what some of these issues are, and how they may design and interpret their research to allay or avoid such issues going forward. Our hope is that this contribution will ultimately help improve the quality of experimental research tackling this timely issue.
Previous Institutionalization is Associated with Elevated Functional Connectivity between the Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala during Safety Learning
Authors: Rosenberg Benjamin M , Guassi Moreira Joao F , Méndez Leal Adriana Sofia , Saragosa-Harris Natalie Marie , GAINES ELIZABETH MORGAN , Meredith Wesley J , McCann Clare F. , Coury Saché M , Waizman Yael , Ninova Emilia , Silvers Jennifer A
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Previous institutionalization (PI) is a unique form of early life adversity that is associated with increased risk for psychopathology, especially internalizing disorders. Onset of internalizing disorders is most common during adolescence. Developmental models emphasize differences in childhood learning, and corresponding avoidance behaviors, as a core pathway linking adversity to internalizing disorders yet little empirical research has tested this theory. METHODS: During functional magnetic resonance imaging, 43 PI (12.1 to 22.8 years) and 47 comparison (9.9 to 22.9 years) youth completed an aversive learning task. The task involved an escapable stimulus reinforced with an aversive sound (CS+r), the same escapable stimulus without reinforcement (CS+nr), or an escapable stimulus that was never reinforced (CS-). Internalizing symptoms were measured using the parent-report Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scales.RESULTS: Functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and amygdala was elevated among the PI versus comparison youth, specifically for the CS- (p=.035). PI youth showed elevated connectivity for the CS- regardless of symptoms, whereas comparison youth showed elevated connectivity at higher but not lower levels of symptoms (p=.027). Elevated connectivity for the CS- was more evident among the PI group during early adolescence relative to late adolescence (p=.007).CONCLUSIONS: NAcc-amygdala functional connectivity, a circuit which has previously been implicated in escape from threat, is elevated during safety learning among PI adolescents. Differences in NAcc-amygdala functional connectivity may attenuate with age following adoption. Institutionalization may impact neurodevelopment in ways that increase generalization of threat appraisals to safe stimuli, thereby increasing risk for developing psychopathology.
"To reuse a needle or to pay digitally"? A comparative analysis of researchers' and laypeople's perspectives on risky choices and associated mechanisms
Authors: Fischer Olivia , Lob Aaron Benjamin , Frey Renato
Published: November 2024

The behavioral sciences have long studied how people make risky choices, yet it remains unclear to what degree the choices used by researchers (e.g., to develop and calibrate novel measurement tools) reflect those made by people in real life. To address this question, we compared risky choices in the focus of researchers' and laypeople's perspectives. In a first study, we examined the overlap between these perspectives by determining how many choices they have in common. Leveraging large language models and calibrating semantic similarities with human judgments, we found an overlap of only 18%. To further examine the implications of this mismatch in terms of the psychological mechanisms that these various choices may tap into, we conducted a second study in which 825 participants rated the perceived relevance of seven classes of psychological mechanisms to their decision making in choices from both perspectives. Bayesian mixed effects models revealed credible differences between the perspectives in five out of seven classes of mechanisms. These findings suggest that current theories of decision making may explain only a narrow scope of choices, underscoring the need for the behavioral sciences to realign their focus to better capture the complexity of real-life decision making.