bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencia de la proporción de mezcla en la codigestión anaerobia de biorresiduos municipales con lodos de aguas residuales domésticas sobre la producción de metano
Authors: Parra Orobio Brayan Alexis , Torres-Lozada Patricia , Marmolejo-Rebellón Luis Fernando
Published: December 2016

La codigestión anaerobia (CA) es una de las opciones viables para superar las desventajas de la mono-digestión. Esta investigación presenta los resultados del Potencial Bioquímico de Metano (PBM) donde se evaluó la CA de biorresiduos municipales (BM) de una localidad que realiza separación en la fuente y recolección selectiva con lodos de aguas residuales domésticas (LARD) provenientes de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en diferentes proporciones de mezcla. Se evaluó la producción de metano mediante el modelo modificado de Gompertz y la hidrólisis a través del modelo cinético de primer orden, ya que esta es la etapa limitante en la CA de residuos sólidos. La proporción de mezcla LARD:BM donde se lograron las mayores producciones de metano (105.6 mLCH4·gSV-1), mejores constantes de hidrólisis (Kh) y fases de latencia cortas (menores a 3.3 días) fue 20:80.
VALSTYBĖS SKOLOS VALDYMO VERTINIMAS
Authors: Čiulevičienė Vida , Mickūnienė Ieva
Published: December 2016

Tema aktuali, nes Lietuvos valstybės skola metai iš metų didėja, o išsamių tyrimų apie jos
valdymą stokojama. Problema – kaip įvertinti, ar valstybės skola valdoma tinkamai? Šio straipsnio
tikslas – parengus valstybės skolos valdymo vertinimo modelį, išanalizuoti ir įvertinti Lietuvos
valstybės skolos valdymą. Tyrimo metodai: teorinių tyrimų logiką sudaro mokslinės literatūros
valstybės skolos valdymo vertinimo kriterijų, rodiklių ir metodų klausimais susisteminimas vertinimo
kriterijų ir rodiklių analizė ir sintezė. Empiriniam tyrimui naudota Finansų ministerijos ir Lietuvos
statistikos departamento informacija. Pagal parengtą valstybės skolos valdymo vertinimo modelį
išanalizuota skolos struktūra ir rodiklių atitiktis nustatytiems limitams, įvertinti ir išnagrinėti
valstybės skolos augimo tempai, apskaičiuotas tarpgeneracinis skolos moralumo indeksas ir įvertintas
Lietuvos valstybės skolos valdymo priimtinumas. Atlikus skaičiavimus nustatyta, kad Lietuvos
valstybės skolos valdymas 2010–2015 metų laikotarpiu vertintinas kaip priimtinas valstybės skolos
struktūros, rodiklių atitikties ribiniams dydžiams ir valstybės skolos augimo tempų atžvilgiu, bet
moraliniu ateities kartoms atžvilgiu skolos valdymas vertintinas kaip amoralus.
PROFESIJOS PEDAGOGŲ ASMENYBĖS BRUOŽŲ IR MOKYMO
KOKYBĖS KOMPONENTŲ SĄSAJOS
Authors: Daukilas Sigitas
Published: December 2016

Šio tyrimo problema siejama su klausimu, kaip profesinio ugdymo turinio kokybę ir jos
komponentus lemia Didžiojo penketo pedagogo asmenybės bruožai. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti profesinio
ugdymo turinio kokybės komponentų ir Didžiojo penketo pedagogo asmenybės bruožų sąsajas.
Tyrime dalyvavo 346 Lietuvos profesinio rengimo sistemos pedagogai. Identifikuoti kokybiškos
pedagoginės sąveikos komponentai, kurie užtikrina jos interaktyvumą, naujausių inovatoriškų
mokslo žinių pateikimą, mokinių prasmingo ir įsitraukiančio mokymosi aplinkybes, efektyvią komunikaciją
su mokiniais naudojant tiek tiesioginės, tiek virtualios komunikacijos priemones. Didžiausią
dėmesį kokybiško mokymo strategijoms skiria sutarimu, sąmoningumu ir atvirumu patyrimui
pasižymintys pedagogai.
EVALUATION OF THE EU SUPPORT FOR RURAL RESIDENTS OF
LITHUANIA: RURAL ELDERS APPROACH
Authors: Kuliešis Gediminas , Pareigienė Lina
Published: December 2016

After joining EU Lithuania started to receive the support for modernization of agricultural
production processes, to maintain farmers' income, upgrade rural infrastructure, improve people's
quality of life. Farmers, the local authorities, as well as rural communities had to absorb EU support
administration procedures, what formed a new culture of communication. That is why it is important
to analyze what was the EU support impact on rural residents, especially their social capital,
which is one of the sources to improve life quality and well-being. The purpose of this article is to
assess the impact of EU support on rural residents’ social capital. To achieve the set goal Lithuanian
rural wards’ elders were selected as representatives of the local authorities. Survey results showed
that the rural communities residents became more motivated, self-reliant, the number of cultural and
other events increased, the residents began to build their leisure. And pay more attention and resources
for the maintenance of living environment and rural landscape.
NEW MOTIVES AND MODELS FOR CREATION SOCIAL BUSINESS IN
THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Navasaitienė Stasė , Vishniakova Marharyta , Rukuižienė Rasa
Published: December 2016

The article presents the overview of the approaches and models, which are important in determination
of social entrepreneurship driving forces. The research problem is arised for getting more wide view
about activities and motivation issues of social entrepreneurs in the Republic of Belarus. The research aims
to examine the individual features and motives of social entrepreneurs in profile of their personality related
to appropriate business models for social entrepreneurship development. The broad and narrow approaches
are used to get an answer about the perspectives of social entrepreneurship in this country.
The objectives of research are arised as follow:
1) define approaches of social entrepreneurs‘ for individual profiling;
2) describe the motives of entrepreneurs to start activities for social business;
3) highlight the business models of social enterprises‘ establishment.
The methods of research: monographic, descriptive and meta-analysis of scientific literature.
As well as the analysis of the empirical data is produced by in-depth interviews with the heads of organizations
and enterprises engaged in social entrepreneurship in the Republic of Belarus (in-depth
interviews were conducted in the period from 15th August to 15th November 2015, and 10 experts were involved).
The key findings of research: marked a „broad“ and „narrow“ approaches for higlighting the profile
of social entrepreneurs; approved the consequences that social entrepreneurs are high motivated and biased
towards achieving socially beneficial purposes rather than material well-being; identified the circumstances
about the existance of individual and organizational models for establishment social enterprises.
Propiscin — A safe anaesthetic for pikeperch (Sander Lucioperca L.)
Authors: Rożyński Maciej , Ziomek Elżbieta , Demska-Zakęś Krystyna , Kowalska Agata , Zakęś Zdzisław
Published: December 2016

The aim of this work was to determine the impact of etomidate (Propiscin) dose (1 and 2 ml l−1) and exposure time (2 and 10 min) on the biochemical and haematological parameters of juvenile pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) [mean body length (Lc) 25.9 cm; body weight (W) 189.9 g] that were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Significant changes in the mean values of total protein, globulin, calcium, magnesium, and ammonia were noted in all groups immediately following exposure. The greatest changes in the haematological indicators were observed in groups subjected to 10-min exposure at both doses of the anaesthetic. The specimens from these groups had higher values for white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Statistically significant differences in these same parameters were also noted in the groups of fish exposed to the anaesthetic for 2 min at a dose of 2 ml l−1, but they were not as pronounced. Twenty-four h following exposure to etomidate, all blood parameters in the experimental groups were comparable to those of the control group. Etomidate can be recommended as a safe, effective anaesthetic for pikeperch.
Acute hepatic effects of low-dose fumonisin B1 in rats
Authors: Szabó András , Szabó-Fodor Judit , Fébel Hedvig , Mézes Miklós , Repa Imre , Kovács Melinda
Published: December 2016

Adult male Wistar rats were enrolled in a study to test the acute hepatic effects of 50 mg/kg fumonisin B1 in feed for 5 days. Fumonisin B1 depressed growth and feed intake, and absolute and relative liver weight showed a significant increase. The proportions of C17:0, C18:3 n3, C22:5 n3 and C22:6 n3 fatty acids decreased in the hepatic phospholipid fraction. All proportional decreases modified the hepatocellular membrane lipids into a more rigid state. The fatty acid profile modifications were partly compensated for by endogenous glutathione (preventing the formation of conjugated dienes and trienes as initial phase lipid peroxidation indicators), while the enzymatic antioxidant defence system (glutathione peroxidase) was unaltered. In contrast, hepatic malondialdehyde, the cytotoxic product of end-phase lipid peroxidation showed a concentration increase even after 5 days of feeding. The results indicate a rather strong and rapid hepatic effect of FB1, immediately impairing membrane phospholipids, even before the enzymatic antioxidant defence is activated.
Transnasal Endoscopy Removal of Dislodged Dental Implant: A Case Report
Authors: Lim Daniel , Parumo Rosliza , Chai Ma Bee , Shanmuganathan Jothi
Published: December 2016

Displacement of dental implants into the maxillary sinus is a rare complication. This article presents a case of displaced dental implant into maxillary sinus. Retrieval of the dental implant from left maxillary sinus was performed via endoscopic sinus surgery. This case highlighted a delayed referral of a 53-year-old male by a general dental practitioner for management of a dislodged dental implant into the left maxillary antrum. The implant was dislodged during placement of a healing abutment 4 months after implant insertion to replace missing 25. Cone beam computerized tomography revealed the displaced implant was located at the ostium of the left nose. A sudden change in sinonasal pressure when the patient took a deep breath during the procedure may have created a negative pressure and suction effect causing the implant to be dislodged and embedded at the ostium. In view of its position, a referral to an otorhinolaryngologist was made for endoscopic removal of the displaced implant. This case also highlighted the need for inter disciplinary cooperation in the management of such a complication for the best interest of the patients.
Procesos de democratización. Derechos políticos y microesferas de lo público: tensiones y articulaciones políticas para un horizonte plurinacional
Authors: Britos Castro Ana Victoria
Published: December 2016

En la pregunta por un horizonte plurinacional en Bolivia hoy, es central re-pensar los modos en que se han llevado a cabo ciertos procesos de lucha, en este caso lo que se consolidó como la Guerra del Agua y la Coordinadora en Defensa del Agua y de la Vida y, los sujetos políticos que se configuran a través de dichas prácticas sociales, políticas y culturales. En este sentido, hacer filosofía política latinoamericana y específicamente boliviana implica prestar atención a procesos democráticos y descolonizadores donde la lucha social y política funciona como un modo de relacionarse con la realidad y con un pensamiento colectivo, es decir, nutrir la pregunta por las condiciones de posibilidad de las diferentes sujetividades políticas (Roig, 1981) (Roig, 2002).
Análisis socio-histórico comparado sobre las formas de participación política en Venezuela y Ecuador
Authors: Criado Aguilera José Ismael
Published: December 2016

Se analiza de forma comparativa, cualitativa e interdisciplinar la situación socio-política y económica en Venezuela y Ecuador. Se define el concepto teórico de participación política, para estudiar las formas de participación democrática y electoral en el siglo XX, y se contrastan con las nuevas formas de democracia participativa y directa plasmadas en sus Constituciones. Se estudian los datos empíricos recogidos en índices internacionales, y el desarrollo real de estas nuevas formas para valorarlas y esbozar sus líneas futuras de investigación. Hallamos que clientelismo y partidismo polarizan la participación política en Venezuela, mientras que en Ecuador son cuestiones fundamentales la justicia constitucional y la plurinacionalidad indígena.
Situaciones de violencia experimentadas por docentes de escuelas privadas de Minas Gerais: análisis exploratorio de un tema recurrente (Texto en Portugués)
Authors: Rios Caxias Da Costa Cláudia Cristina , Alves Diniz Alexandre Magno , Moreira Hadad Renato , Pereira Tosta Sandra
Published: December 2016

Generalmente, los docentes presencian eventos considerados violentos en su ambiente de trabajo. El presente estudio, de naturaleza exploratorio, utiliza datos provenientes de la investigación: “Rede particular de ensino: vida de professor e violência na escola”, dirigida por Sinpro Minas, en conjunto con los Programas de Postgrado en Educación y Geografía-Tratamento de la Información Espacial de la PUC Minas. A través del cuestionario diseñado, se busco verificar, la percepción de 686 docentes sobre la violencia en los estabelecimentos educativos del sector privado en Minas Gerais, en el año 2008, priorizando los actores involucrados en las modalidades de violencia sistemática, observadas con mayor frecuencia. Se concluye que las aulas son u espacio de tensión entre el professor y el alumno, y es permanente que el docente experimente situaciones de violencia.
It’s just common sense! Why do negative perceptions of sociology teaching in medical education persist and is there any change in sight?
Authors: Brooks Lauren , Collett Tracey , Forrest Simon
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Based on a review of the literature pertaining to sociology teaching in medical education, this paper asks why does the problem of relevance with regards to sociology teaching in medical education still persist? And is there any change in sight?The literature suggests that epistemological understandings of medicine as represented by the biomedical model are deeply entrenched with far reaching consequences for sociology teaching. Notions of the social components of medicine as 'irrelevant' or 'common sense' have over time been reinforced by students' expectations of medicine on entering medical education; by the attitudes of clinical and biomedical staff members who can act as negative role models and by institutional barriers including the organization of curricula content, decisions about 'who teaches what', timetabling and assessment.Changing such deeply ingrained practices may be an insurmountable task for educators working alone in individual medical schools. However, pedagogical changes emphasizing 'integration' and a growing understanding within medicine and higher education of alternative epistemologies predicated on social paradigms, means that increasingly, persons from different disciplinary and professional backgrounds share similar understandings about the complexities of medical care.As associated ideas filter into medical education new opportunities are arising to challenge collectively the structural forces at play which in turn could lead to a major shift in medical students' thinking. If sociologists are to have a role in guiding the transmission of sociological ideas about health and illness it is crucial to understand and take part in these developments.
Harnessing the power of patient videos to enhance social and behavioral sciences education
Authors: Nanna Shannon , Tackett Sean , Gaglani Shiv
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. It has become increasingly important to address the challenge of incorporating social and behavioral sciences (SBS) into medical curricula. This commentary describes how the use of patient videos can be used to overcome barriers in teaching of SBS in non-clinical settings, and enhance recall and foster humanism in medical students. Recommendations are also provided in both creating and identifying optimal patient videos to incorporate into classrooms.
HIGH NATURE VALUE GRASSLANDS FROM ARRHENATHERION ALLIANCE IDENTIFIED IN MUREŞ COUNTY
Authors: Oroian Silvia , Samarghitan Mihaela , Hiritiu MARIANA , Cosarca SANDA , Tanase CORNELIU
Published: December 2016

Arrhenatherion alliance meadows are recognized to be among the best pastures in our country due to high productivity and good nutrition value. The research was conducted in several areas of Mures County. The studied grasslands were classified into two types of Natura 2000 habitats: 6510 Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis) and 6520 Mountain hay meadows. The identified phytocoenosis belong to two plant associations: Arrhenatheretum elatioris Br.-Bl. Ex Scherrer 1925 and Poo Trisetetum flavescentis (Knapp 1951) Oberd. 1957. The analysis of data collected in the field reveals that the current state of conservation of the two types of habitat is good and very good. Habitats in a good and very good state of preservation is distinguish by a great floristic composition: approx. 100-150 cormophyte species with good and very good forage value. As habitats are more susceptible to the management applied and any changes to land use can affect habitat quality (eg abandoning  mowing and turning the land into pasture), the ecological functions of this habitat will be satisfied as long as they are mowed after Poaceae species matured.
Tree Species Composition and Structure near Road Borders in the Laurel Forest of Anaga (Tenerife – Islas Canarias)
Authors: Negrín Zaira , Arévalo José Ramón
Published: December 2016

Urbanization is one of the main causes of species extinction. Closely linked to urbanization are road systems, which are a source of biotic and abiotic effects on the surrounding landscape. The continued existence of these corridors results in enormous human activity (Forman & Alexander, 1998). In particular, roads sharply define and fragment forest ecosystems leading to changes in plant species composition and vegetation structure from road border to the surrounding interior. This paper assesses border effects on tree species richness and composition in the laurel forest of Anaga, Tenerife, Spain. Effects of anthropogenic corridors on vegetation differed among the study sites. Multivariate analysis revealed that species composition is more related to the sampling site than to the effect of the corridor, while for density, significant differences were found between the road border and forest interior but not as a regular pattern. This suggests that main corridor disturbances regarding tree basal area is limited to the immediate road edge in the laurel forest, while for species composition, no significant differences were found.
Influence of Climate Factors and Plant Varieties on the Hay Technology (Fibrous Feed)
Authors: Bărbieru Victor Adrian , Olar Mihai , Ranta Ovidiu , Muntean Mircea , Marian Ovidiu , Ognean Laurenţ , Cătunescu Georgiana
Published: December 2016

The present study was carried on the Research and Didactical Station Jucu located close to Someş River. The aim of the study is to determine the fuel consumption and productivity of aggregates (machineries) used in the conditions of the two levels of hay production technology. The experimental plot uses Festuca Arundinacea, while control, spontaneous vegetation (Dactilys glomerata 70%, Alopecurus pratensis 10% Festuca sp.6%, Trifolium repens 5%, other plants 9%). Grassland soil taken in study type is molded with a high coefficient of withering (16-19%) and a small capacity water output (8%). Chemical characteristics of soil samples shows us a good content in humus and good to very good in mobile potassium, being deficient in phosphorus mobile. The differences noted between the fuel consumptions for the two parcels is due to higher vegetable production of control plot which has also a running speed of different aggregates also influencing effective productivity.
Genetic Diversity of Some Sweet Cherry Cultivars Based on Molecular Markers
Authors: Berindean Ioana Virginia , Tămaş Elena , Toderic Oana Maria , Zagrai Ioan
Published: December 2016

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), originated around the Caspian and Black Sea, is an important fruit tree species of economic interest, and hence, breeding and conservation are requested (. Genetic analysis at the molecular level can be used effectively to study molecular polymorphism existing between intraspecific and interspecific tree species and phylogenetic relationships between them and their hybrids. The purpose of this study was to characterize and determine genetic relationships among the sweet cherry native genotypes belonging to Fruit Research & Development Station Bistrita, Romania, using RAPD markers. To eliminate the existence of possible synonyms from national romanian collection, we collect four Van cultivars, from four different national collection. For molecular analysis of the 16 varieties of sweet cherry were considered 13 RAPD primers selected from the literature. They were later used to determine the genetic variability at the molecular level using PAST program, and the dendrogram was generated based on Jaccard’s genetic distance. The dendrogram constructed by PAST software. The quantity and quality of the DNA obtained was suitable to achieve PCR amplification step. Only seven out of the 13 RAPD primers have generate polymorphic bands. The rest of seven were monomorphics. The most polymorphic primer was OPB10 which generated 11 bands from which 100% were polymorphic.Seven RAPD primers generated a high level of polymorphism which allowed to divide these cherry varieties into two groups according to their genetic geographical origin and the pedigree.
Studies Concerning the Quality of Felix Soybean Breed
Authors: Deac Valeria , Rotar Ioan , Vidican Roxana , Mălinaş Anamaria
Published: December 2016

Soy protein is the most inexpensive source of high-nutritional quality protein and therefore is the world’s predominant commercially available vegetable protein. In order to keep this levels of fat and proteins at higher standards studies need to be develop in order to highlight the factors affecting soybean quality. The aim of our research was to analyse the variations in soybean protein and fat content and thru this to highlight the optimum management of nutrients for achieving high quality soy products. The experimental field was placed in the Agricultural Research Development Turda (ARDS) in 2013. The biological material consists in a genotype of soybean created at ARDS Turda – Felix variety. The experimental plots were installed after the subdivided parcel method and were fertilized with mineral and organic fertilizers in 4 different doses. In order to accomplish our goal we followed soy content in protein and fat under the influence of the inputs applied. Analysing the data recorded we observed a low influence of the experimental factors on soybean seeds content in fat substances. In the same time the protein content varies significantly under the influence of the technological inputs applied.  The highest increases in protein content are achieved when organic fertilizer is applied.  The results showed an interesting evolution of soybean chemical content under the influence of differentiated fertilization and also some interesting correlation between chemical content and some production indexes.
Forest Habitats in the Nature Reserve ROSCI 0032 Rudariei Gorges
Authors: Imbrea Ilinca M. , Corpade Ciprian , Corpade Ana-Maria , Nicolin Alma L.
Published: December 2016

The Rudăriei Gorges, named after the Rudărica rivulet, is close to the Eftimie Murgu village, also known by the name of Rudăria. It is located in south-west Romania, Caras-Severin County, Almăjului Depression. It is known both in Romania and abroad less for its flora, fauna and landscape features and most for its mill reserve, where water mills are still used by the natives. The paper has as purpose, establishment of forest habitats in the area of ​​research. At the same time the work wants to clarify inconsistencies on the types of forest habitats reported to be present in accordance with the Standard Form of the site of community importance ROSCI0032 and habitats identified in the field. The methodology is specific to the identification and characterization of habitats. Field survey (during vegetation, March-October) showed that the vegetation in the area was mosaic-like, which hindered habitat mapping. Moreover, we have noticed differences between the habitats mentioned for the area (Standard Form) and those identified in the field. Thus, the Standard Form of ROSCI0032 Cheile Rudăriei mentions as existing in the area the habitat 91K0 - Illyrian Fagus sylvatica forests (Aremonio-Fagion), but in the field there were found no species representative for this type of habitat. According to our studies, the beech forests in the Rudăriei Gorges are part of the Habitat 9110 - Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests. Other new habitats described in the area and not mentioned in the Standard Form are 91E0* - Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae); 91M0 – Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak – sessile oak forests. The habitat 9180* - Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines, mentioned in the Standard Form, was confirmed in the field.
Ecological and Agronomical Value of Festuca rupicola - Bothriochloa ischaemum Grasslands
Authors: Păcurar Florin , Rotar Ioan , Vidican Roxana , Pleşa Anca , Vaida Ioana , Mălinaş Anamaria , Stoian Vlad
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this research is to assess the state of the biodiversity and pastoral value for Festuca rupicola- Bothriochloa ischaemum grasslands from the hill area. Also, there has been analyzed the floristic composition and a series of ecological indexes, respectively humidity, soil reaction, temperature and nitrogen. Other aspects taken in account were the agronomical and anthropogenic specters. The analyzed grasslands are placed in the perimeter of the localities: Gilău, Aiton. Jucu and Frata, all from Cluj County.
Cariologic Study of the Plant Species on the South-Western Gutai Mountains Pasture
Authors: Voşgan Zorica , Vidican Roxana , Mihălescu Lucia , Marian Monica , Jelea Stela , Mare Roşca Oana , Domuţa Anca
Published: December 2016

This paper presents karyology aspects of the diploid and polyploid species frequency on the mountain pastures in the southwestern Gutai Mountains as well as the calculation of the diploid index. The phytocoenosis of the five plant associations identified on pasture were studied: Violo declinatae-Nardetum, Simon 1966, Agrostietum stoloniferae, (Ujvárosi 1941) Burduja et al. 1956, Scirpetum sylvatici, Ralski 1931, Maloch 1935 em. Schwick 1944, Calthetum laetae, Krajina 1933, Campanulo abientinae-Vaccinietum myrtilli, (Buia et al. 1962) Boşcaiu 1971. Karyotypes were taken for all encountered vegetal species to achieve an accurate cytoaxonomic analysis. The frequency of polyploid species was found in the five vegetal associations that were identified and studied in karyology terms. The number of polyploids, comprised between 52.94-75%, is ahead of the diploids number comprised between 25-43,75%, in the vegetal associations phytocoenosis of the mountainous region. Diplo-polyploid plants and those with an unknown karyotype have lower participation. The calculated value of the diploid index decreases with the increasing of the altitude, with subunit values between 0.33 - 0.82. Diploid index (DI) indicates instable character of vegetal formations of above-mentioned area, reflecting completely station conditions of the grassland. The genetic structure of the phytocoenosis and vegetal associations studied seen from the perspective of karyotypes, indicates a drop in the dioloid index value with the increasing of the anthropo- zoogen factor (excessive grazing).
Research on the Sea-Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Eco-Restoration Value in Avoiding Erosion and Supporting Soil Fixation
Authors: Dumitrescu (Manole) Carmen Georgeta
Published: December 2016

This paper approaches an issue of real importance, namely the sea-buckthorn influence on the areas attacked by erosion. We consider that this effect is mainly a result of its extremely developed root system, as well as of the nodosities formation on the roots. The study was conducted over a period of 3 years (2011-2013) in two landslides areas from Prahova and Dambovita counties, from where were collected 5 plants (from each area) in 3 repetitions. Calculating the averages regarding the plant roots depth, but also the number of root suckers and nodosities, can be easily deduced the role of these plants in soil fixation, hence their eco-restoration value.
Study of the Influence of External Factors on the Germination of Bean Seeds
Authors: Mihălescu Lucia , Voşgan Zorica , Mare Roşca Oana , Marian Monica , Jelea Stela , Pop Flavia , Domuţa Anca , Maxim Aurel , Cordea Mirela
Published: December 2016

The aim of our study was to follow the influence of the substrate, (single respectively double filter paper), the environment conditions (light, darkness), of the seed’s measure and age, on the beans germination. These aspects were followed because the specialty literature correlates the loss of the germinative capacity with different external and internal factors. Three local varieties: P1 (Albenghino), P2 (Cannellini), P3 (Black Turtle), grown in Maramures County, with undetermined growth and different permeability of the seminal skin, were chosen for the experiment. One hundred seeds of every sort were placed in three replications. The energy and germinative faculty were determined, calculating the average values obtained at the replications. We noted that the P2 variety had the highest germinative faculty of 83.33% on double layer under light conditions, and the germination of 100% under darkness. The P1 variety is on the second place. The germinative faculty of the P3 variety is of only 70% on a single substrate and 80% on double layer. The germinative energy and faculty of the seeds provided from 2013 are diminished comparatively with those from 2014. The local population P3 proved to be more influenced by age, with a germinative energy of 30% in 2013 and 60% in 2014. The positive influence of the darkness conditions, both for the seeds provided from 2013 and 2014, was noted.
A Forage Mixture with Red Clover in the Fourth Experimental Year
Authors: Rotar Ioan , Vidican Roxana , Păcurar Florin , Mălinaş Anamaria , Vaida Ioana , Deac Valeria
Published: December 2016

The present paper aims to follow the behaviour of a forage mixture with red clover in the fourth experimental year. We followed the behaviour of a complex mixture consisting of Trifolium pratense (15%), Lolium perenne (20%), Festulolium (25%), Festuca arundinacea (25%) and Phleum pratense (15%) under the influence of mineral fertilization in the climatic conditions specific Plateau of Transylvania, Romania. Experience was installed in the spring of 2012 in experimental fields located inside the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda. The mixture was sown on 2 densities namely 12.5 cm and 25 cm distances between rows and they were fertilized in early March with complex NPK and ammonium nitrate (33.3%) in four different doses: V1 - control variant, unfertilized, V2-N50P60K80, V3- N75P60K80 and V4 -N100P60K80. An interesting evolution of the forage mixture was observed in the fourth experimental year. Fertilization with N75P60K80 seemed to have a favourable influence on forage mixture productivity.
The Conservation Measures of NATURA 2000 "Someşul Rece" Site Management Plan
Authors: Proorocu Marian , Miclăuş Mădălina , Paulic Sînziana , Bodan Sonia , Popa Andreea
Published: December 2016

Natura 2000 is a European network of protected natural areas including a significant number of natural habitats and wild species for the interest of comunnity. Natura 2000 ROSCI 0233 "Someşul Rece"  Site is situated in the south-western county of Cluj, on the administrative territory of Măguri-Răcătău and Ierii Valley. It has an area of 8529 ha and is a framed area of the Apuseni Mountains Alpine bioregions. The site preserves the following natural habitats: Rough mountain beech forests Asperulo-Fagetum, beech forests of Luzulo-Fagetum, forests acidophilous Picea Abies mountain region and protect important species and active fish fauna, flora and fauna of the Apuseni Mountains. It is also home for several species (mammals, amphibians, fish and beetles) like: lynx, wolf or otter. The conservation measures of Natura 2000 Somesul Rece Site, elaborated in order to protect the habitats and the species are part of the management plan. These measures were developed in close connection with the conservation status of habitats and species, but also taking into account the needs of local communities. These measures include: maintaining habitats in favorable conservation status; maintain the current habitat areas; preventing and combating poaching and overfishing;ensuring peace in areas of rock (for large mammals).
The Evolution of a Forage Mixture with Red Clover among Four Experimental Years
Authors: Mălinaş Anamaria , Rotar Ioan , Vidican Roxana , Păcurar Florin , Cirebea Mirela
Published: December 2016

Grassland productivity is a complex attribute defined by a series of interdependent indices with important role in the characterization of one grassland culture productivity. Among this the most important are the soil-climatic conditions, the technology applied, floristic composition, forage quality, etc. The present paper aims to follow the behaviour of a forage mixture with red clover among fourth experimental year. We followed the behaviour of a complex mixture consisting of Trifolium pratense (15%), Lolium perenne (20%), Festulolium (25%), Festuca arundinacea (25%) and Phleum pratense (15%) under the influence of mineral fertilization in the climatic conditions specific Plateau of Transylvania, Romania. Experience was installed in the spring of 2012 in experimental fields located inside the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda. The experimental area is characterized by an average annual temperature of 10.40C C and average annual rainfall of 523.2 mm. Soil type is faeoziom vertic clay. The mixture was sown on 12.5 cm and 25 cm distances between rows and they were fertilized in early March with complex NPK and ammonium nitrate (33.3%) in four different doses: V1- control variant, unfertilized, V2-N50P60K80, V3- N75P60K80 and V4-N100P60K80. The experimental parcels were mowed 3 times /year. Analysing the complex forage mixture we observed an interesting evolution among the fourth experimental years. Fertilization with medium amounts of nitrogen seemed to have a favourable influence on forage mixture productivity. The results showed that the forage mixture studied can generate high productivity and quality if adequate technology is applied.
Iron Gates Natural Park - Administration and Management
Authors: Pauliuc Sînziana , Proorocu Marian , Bodan Sonia , Miclăuş Mădălina
Published: December 2016

This paper analyzes the management and administration of one of the largest, beautiful and complex natural parks from Romania, the Iron Gates Natural Park. The management plan is a frame of integration of the biodiversity conservation problems and protection of the natural and cultural environment that also supports socio-economic development of Iron Gates Natural Park. It is also an instrument of dialog between the institutions which coordinate this area. The management plan is a document approved by H.G 1048/2013 and it resulted after consulting the interested factors of the area (city halls, local and central authorities, civil society). The administration of Iron Gates Natural Park has a new structure, founded in 2003 and is working as a subunit of Forest-National Administration (Romsilva), which assures the necessary personal and equipment for administrating the area. The area has the status of: Natural Park, Natura 2000 and Ramsar site. The forest represents 65% of the total area, 98% being a state property. Analysing Iron Gates Natural Park documents (Iron Gates Natural Park management plan, scientific council and park administration documents, visits and observations within park), we can conclude that the park has a good administration leaded by the scientific councils, who also achieved many successful European projects.
Effects of Germination and Fermentation on the Functionality of Whole Soy Flour
Authors: Patrascu Livia , Banu Iuliana , Vasilean Ina , Aprodu Iuliana
Published: December 2016

Nutritional quality and technological performances of grains can be modulated through germination and controlled fermentation. The aim of the work was to estimate the effect of germination (72 h at 23oC) and fermentation on the fundamental rheological properties of the soy flour based suspensions and sourdoughs, and to assess the bread making potential of the whole soy flours by considering the thermo-mechanical functionality of soy in admixture with white wheat flour. Soy flour based sourdough were prepared using three different starter cultures, consisting of mixtures of lactic acid bacteria like Lactobacillus plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. rhamnosus, Lb. casei, Lb. acidophilus, Bifidobacterium BB12®, and Streptococcus thermophilus and/or yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus subsp. Marxianus. The rheological behaviour of the suspensions and sourdoughs was influenced by the soy germination and fermentation processes. The stress sweep tests indicated significant narrowing of the linear viscoelastic regions, as well as the decrease of the stress values required for the beginning of flow. The temperature ramp test showed more intense swelling in case of the germinated and fermented samples. Both native and germinated soy flours were used to replace 15% of the wheat flour, and the Mixolab test indicated that the germination process caused the decrease of protein weakening and dough stability. The sourdoughs addition to the wheat flour resulted in significant changes of the thermo-mechanical properties of the dough. Properties related to stability of starch gel during heating, starch gelatinization and retrogradation depended on the type of starter culture used for fermentation.
In Vitro Testing of the Insecticide Reldan 22 on Swine Oocyte Maturation
Authors: Miclea Ileana , Cosma Dragos , Zahan Marius , Pernes Anamaria , Miclea Vasile
Published: December 2016

Chlorpyrifos (Reldan 22) is an widely used insecticide for the control of insect pests in agricultureand in residential areas. It is classified as moderately toxic by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and has been quantified in human biological fluids. Given that the use of porcine and bovine models for testing chemicals has increased recently we designed an experiment to test the toxicity of several Chlorpyrifos concentrations and investigate its effects on maturation of swine oocytes. Swine oocytes from ovaries harvested in a commercial slaughterhouse were cultured for 44-45h in M199 supplemented with the following Reldan 22 concentrations: 0.1, 0.5, 1 or 2 µg/ml. Cumulus oophorous expansion was assessed and oocytes were denuded and stained with 1 µg/ml fluorescein diacetate to estimate viability. Afterwards, oocytes were fixed in a 60% methanol/DPBS solution and stained with 50 µg/ml propidium iodide to observe the DNA stage. Differences were analysed by the analysis of variance and interpreted using the Tuckey test. Our research shows that the insecticide Reldan 22® stimulated cumulus expansion to an extent but reduced oocyte viability which was accompanied by an increase in the number of immature oocytes and a decrease in the percentages of gametes that resumed meiosis. This leads us conclude that its presence in the oocyte environment is toxic for development at concentrations 0.5, 1 and 2 µg/ml.
Ejaculate quality is influenced by boar behaviour at the time of collection
Authors: Miclea Vasile , Gyorgy Ilona , Miclea Ileana , Zahan Marius , Nagy Alexandru , Potra Aurel
Published: December 2016

Ejaculates were collected from the same boars twice a week, in spring during two years. Most animals had very good sexual reflexes and were scored as 5. They gave ejaculates which had good volume, concentration and motility and could be processed into the largest number of insemination doses. This had an obvious positive economic effect. Age influenced ejaculate quality in young boars, with the exception of a few animals in which sexual reflexes were diminished. Nevertheless, ejaculates had the necessary characteristics and could be processed.
Conceptual Incongruence between Prion Disease and Genetic Diversity in Ovine Species within European Union defined by Informational Statistics Terms
Authors: Hrinca Gheorghe
Published: December 2016

Biodiversity and the studies of spongiform encephalopathies in the farm animals are highly topical concerns of the contemporary scientific world. Both themes are very interesting for the life sciences and very important for the application field of animal breeding. The implementation of these two concepts creates an antithetical paradigm: the achievement of genetic prophylaxis joins with the decrease of genetic diversity. The paper examines the genetic diversity and its evolution in sheep livestock from the European space in the context in which the European Community has developed very laborious and costly programs targeted both for conservation and enhancement of biodiversity and to eradicate the scrapie in small ruminants. This paper utilises a precise method to quantify the genetic biodiversity in all sheep populations in Europe by a modern concept derived from informational statistics - informational energy. In addition, the paper proposes concrete and viable solutions to achieve these two desiderata at optimal levels in connection with a perfect perspicacity of sheep breeder which consists in accuracy of the reproduction process and correct application of the selection criteria.
Principal Components Analysis Utility in the Livestock Field
Authors: Rotaru Ancuta Simona , Pop Ioana , Vatca Anamaria , Andronie Luisa
Published: December 2016

Principal Component Analysis is a method factor - factor analysis - and is used to reduce data complexity by replacingmassive data sets by smaller sets. It is also used to highlight the way in which the variables are correlated with eachother and to determining the (less)latent variableswhich are behind the (more)measured variables. These latent variables are called factors, hence the name of the methodi.e. factor analysis. Our paper shows the applicability of Principal Components Analysis (PCA) in livestock area of study by carrying out a researchon some physiological characteristics in the case of tencow breeds.By using PCA only two factors have been preserved, concentrating over 80% of their information from the four variables in question, one factor concentrating weight and height and the other factor concentrating trunk circumference and weight at calving, respectively.
Research on Productive Performance and Quality of Milk Obtained from Simmnetal Cows Grown in Agricultural Conditions of Rupea, Brasov County
Authors: Jurco Eugen Claudiu , Onaciu Grigore , Marchis Zamfir
Published: December 2016

The study focussed on the Romanian spotted breed-Simmental type was aimed to evaluating the productive potential and some reproductive indices in the period 2013-2015 in Sona farm from Brasov county. The main indicators taken into consideration to analyze the whole herd were the following: milk yield, milk quality, age of first calving, mammary repose and calving interval. Analyzing milk production, this was increasing from 5439 kg in 2013 to 7400 kg in 2015, with an average for the entire period of 6324.33 kg with 4.23% fat and 3.42% protein. Also the fat and protein content have increased over this period, from 4.13 % for fat and 3.25 % for protein in 2013, to 4.34 % and 3.56 respectively in 2015. Analyzing the main indicators of reproduction for a period of three years it was found that calving interval is on average of 401 days and mammary repose is around of 54 days. It is clearly observed that during this period the production is increasing, this shows that cows from the Sona farm records genetic progress regarding qualitative and quantitative milk production. The research has done much to show the productive potential and popularity of the Romanian spotted breed-Simmental type in Transylvania region.
THE EFFECTS OF SOME PREBIOTIC PRODUCTS (ACTIGEN, BIOTRONIC TOP3) ADMINISTRATED IN THE FOOD OF BROILER CHICKENS ON THE MEAT QUALITY
Authors: Sara Aurel , Marti Radu , Bentea Mihai Iacob , Toader Ionel , Gabor Erol Florian
Published: December 2016

Following the 2006 EU ban of antibiotic-based growth promoters, the use of alternative products, such as prebiotics, became a necessity. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of prebiotic products (Actigen şi Biotronic Top3) on meat quality in broiler chickens. The research has been conducted on a number of 75 Ross-308 hybrid broilers, assigned in three groups (25 individuals/group), over a period of 42 days. Group 1(E) was fed with the base diet supplemented with the Actigen prebiotic in a proportion of 0.08% in the first growth phase (days 1-14), 0.04% in the second phase (days 14-35) and 0.02% in the third phase (days 35-42). Group 2(E) received the base feed supplemented with the Biotronic Top3 prebiotic (0.1%) throughout the whole growth period. At the end of the study period, five broilers from every group have been sacrificed to determine meat quality and meat chemical composition. The usage of prebiotics led to an increase of the carcass weight gain of 16.29% in group 1(E) receiving Actigen and 13.49% in group 2(E), fed with Biotronic Top3, compared to the control group. The percentage of superior quality meat (quality I and II) in the carcass was higher by 4.4% in group 2(E) Biotronic Top3 and by 1.67% in group 1(E) Actigen compared to the control group. Following the administration of Actigen and Biotronic Top3 prebiotics, in groups 1(E) and 2(E) the meat quality was improved in groups 1(E) and 2(E), due to an increase in the protein content and a reduction of the fat content. These results confirm that prebiotics administered in the feeds for broiler chickens have favourable effects on the meat production and meat quality.