bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Staffing of special judicial colleges. 1934-1938s
Authors:   Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University, Moscow, Russia, Shkarevsky Denis N.
Published: December 2024

Special Collegiums operated in the Soviet justice system in 1934-1938. They were created within the framework of the NKVD reform to consider political cases investigated by this agency. To date, the study of this topic has been on the periphery of scientific research. There are works that only fragmentarily describe their functioning. There are no studies devoted to the study of the staff of judicial bodies. The main characteristics and peculiarities of the formation of the staff of these bodies have been revealed. The article is based on a wide range of published and archival sources stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF) and the United State Archive of the Chelyabinsk Region (OGACHO). The research is based on the method proposed in the works of P. Solomon (Jr.), which involves a combination of traditions of such disciplines as criminology and history of justice. Also, historical-genetic and statistical methods are used in the work. In the course of the study, the author found that the special collegia represented a hierarchical system with subordination to the Supreme Court of the USSR. Their number depended on administrative transformations, and their activities were based on the territorial principle. The staff composition of these bodies was not stable. Provision with staff was low. The staff of the special collegia was made up of former NKVD officers. The educational level of the staff of special boards was low. The bet was made on politically loyal people, who had some experience in law enforcement or justice, and who came from social strata close to the party. Regular purges resulted in a systematic renewal of personnel. In 1934-1937, the purges mainly affected employees nominated to this job by the justice authorities. In 1937-1938, former NKVD officers who had been transferred to this job in 1934-1935 were repressed. Often the purges were carried out purposefully, on the basis of departmental instructions. A stable professional staff of the special collegiums was not formed. As a result, there were numerous violations of the norms of procedural law when forming the composition of the court. Special Collegiums were liquidated in 1938. The main argument explaining their liquidation was the adoption of the Law on the Judicial System. In the text of this normative act there was no mention of special collegiums within the Supreme and regional courts. The decree on the creation of special collegia was abolished only in 1956.
Vysokoye estate owned by Count Alexander Dmitrievich Sheremetev 1874-1918. Based on the documents of the Russian State Historical Archive
Authors:   Smolensk State Museum-Reserve, Smolensk, Russia, Tikhonova Anastasia V.
Published: December 2024

Documents of the personal fund of Count Alexander Dmitrievich Sheremetev in the Russian State Historical Archive (F. 1118) allow us to reconstruct the history of the Vysokoye estate, Sychevsky uyezd, Smolensk province, when it was owned by Count A. D. Sheremetev (now it is a village in Novoduginsky district, Smolensk region). Having inherited the Vysokoye estate after the death of his mother, Countess Alexandra Grigoryevna Sheremeteva, n?e Melnikova (1825-1874), Alexander Dmitrievich continued its development. Under the new owner in 1890-1891 under the guidance of architect G. Y. Levi some buildings were repaired, including the main manor house, the latter was decorated with a fountain, water supply and heating were solved. At the request of the Count's wife Maria Feodorovna, n?e Countess Heyden, the architect A. F. Meisner in 1900-1902 erected a large annex to the lord's house, decorated its interiors, and at the same time electricity and telephone were installed in the building. Since 1893 in the village of Vysoky operated postal and telegraph station, opened with the assistance of the owner of the estate. Among the documents in the collection of Count A. D. Sheremetev are his service record with the indication of his last position - head of the Court Singing Chapel and a list of numerous awards, as well as materials characterizing the multifaceted activities of this representative of the Russian aristocracy in the field of charity, music education and promotion of fire safety measures. It also has a direct relation to the Vysokoye estate, as famous musicians, including the choral conductor A. A. Arkhangelsky, were invited to visit it. The Vysokoye fire department was organized and equipped with the most modern equipment and uniforms for its time. The building, built in the late 1860s by architect N. L. Benois for a horse breeding factory, was renovated in 1886 and adapted according to the project of A. I. von Gauguin for the “Vysokovskaya almshouse with a hospital in memory of Count Dmitry Nikolayevich and Countess Alexandra Grigoryevna Sheremetev”, the parents of Count A. D. Sheremetev. The last owner of the Vysokoye estate built a parochial school for peasant children and was its honorary trustee. The estate was exemplary in economic terms. Being a large landowner, Count A. D. Sheremetev used Vysokoye as a summer residence for his family. At present, archival documents about this Sheremetev estate are of particular value due to the fact that work has begun in the village of Vysokoye to restore the church and other manor buildings in order to create a cultural, educational and educational center in this picturesque corner of Smolensk region.
For the publication of the monograph “Defense-Industrial Complex of Russia, History and Modern Development” at the RSUH
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia, Anfertiev Ivan A.
Published: December 2024

The article presents an assessment of the main provisions of the monograph “Defense-Industrial Complex of Russia: History and Modern Development” by Professor A. B. Bezborodov, Rector of the Russian State University for the Humanities (2018-2024), dedicated to the history and current state of the defense-industrial complex (DIC) of Russia. The author is known in the Russian and foreign scientific community for a series of serious works on the history of the military-industrial complex (MIC) of the USSR and the defense-industrial complex of the Russian DIC, as evidenced by the main bibliography of A. B. Bezborodov on the above-mentioned issues presented in the two decade long review. The study includes an introduction, five chapters, conclusion an the list of sources and literature. The author presents a detailed source study review, including seven groups of sources: documents of official origin; Russian and foreign periodicals; collections of documents; archival documents; reference encyclopedic editions; memoirs of leaders and employees of the MIK / DIK; Internet sources. The author considers the main methodological and historiographical problems, defines the concept of military-technical revolution (MTR), the peculiarities of achieving nuclear missile parity in the 1970s by the USSR and the U.S., describes a complex system of management and control over the MTR. Among the undoubted merits are: coverage of the history of the Soviet MIK, led since November 1957 by the Commission of the Presidium of the USSR Council of Ministers on military-industrial issues; the formation and development of the DIK of Russia in conditions of aggravation of the struggle for natural resources, in particular, in the Arctic region, the conclusion about the onset of a general era of instability after the explosions of September 11, 2001 in New York and Washington, the tense military-political situation in the Middle East, the conduct since February 24, 2001, the development of the MIK of Russia. In the conditions of the new geopolitical reality, according to the author of the monograph, the following main factors are of equal importance: economic, political, diplomatic and military. In this regard, the emphasis in the monograph is placed on the need to strengthen the military-industrial potential of modern Russia, the solution of the tasks of the Special Military Operation (SMO) by the country's defense industry, the dynamic development of hypersonic weapons, the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies, the production of high-power lasers and air defense systems, the construction of submarines. It is concluded that new threats associated with the complication of the international situation have caused the need to strengthen its borders, including the Arctic zone of Russia.
INVESTIGATION OF STRENGTH GAIN OF HEAVY CONCRETE IN AN AGGRESSIVE ENVIRONMENT. USING SULPHATE-RESISTANT CEMENT
Authors: Svisch I.
Published: December 2024

Experimental data are presented on changes in the compressive strength of heavy concrete using sulfate-resistant cement, Crimean aggregates and additives based on polycarboxylate ethers when kept in an aggressive environment - liquid from water treatment facilities in an urban-type settlement Gvardeiskoe, Simferopol district, Republic of Crimea. Compositions of heavy concrete have been developed using hyperplasticizing (polycarboxylate) additives that are capable of increasing their physical and mechanical characteristics over time when operating in aggressive environments. It is relevant to further develop the theoretical and experimental foundations for the production of cement concrete using the latest generation of superplasticizing additives based on polycarboxylates for wastewater treatment and recreational facilities. The durability of cement concrete is a key issue when using it in wastewater treatment and recreational facilities. Cement concrete can be susceptible to sulfate corrosion. Sulfates have a complex mechanism of action on the chemically active component of concrete - cement stone. Sulfates have a complex mechanism of action on the chemically active component of concrete - cement stone. The corrosive effect can increase or decrease depending on the concentration of aggressive components, with varying levels of exposure to salt solutions on the concrete structure, periodic drying, and partial immersion. This is due to the fact that the chemical processes of interaction between an aggressive environment and cement stone in concrete are influenced by physical processes of mass transfer of soluble components and crystallization of corrosion products or soluble components, which can accelerate or inhibit chemical processes. The parameters of the strength characteristics of the optimized compositions at different periods of strength gain have been established, and the average density and water resistance of the optimized concrete compositions have been established.
GENDER AND SECTOR-BASED DIFFERENCES IN JOB SATISFACTION AMONG BANK EMPLOYEES
Authors: Dubey Archi , Baghel Dipti
Published: December 2024

In today's competitive business environment, job satisfaction (JS) has become a critical focus, particularly for employees in the banking sector, where workloads and transaction volumes are increasing. This study investigates the impact of bank type and gender on job satisfaction among banking employees in slect banks of Chhattisgarh, India, highlighting the importance of human capital in driving performance and competitive advantage.A total of 200 employees from public and private sector banks participated in the study, which utilized Spector’s (1994) 36-item Job Satisfaction Survey to measure job satisfaction levels. The data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The findings revealed no significant differences in job satisfaction levels between male and female employees or across different types of banks. However, the interaction between gender and bank type positively influenced job satisfaction.This research underscores the necessity for effective human resource management in the banking sector, as maintaining high levels of job satisfaction is essential for enhancing productivity and profitability, ultimately contributing to the broader economic growth.
THE BIRTH OF RED IDEALS: COMMUNISM TOOK ROOT IN INDIA
Authors: Bibimol. R.B  , Seena Anand Lali , K.K.Thanammal
Published: December 2024

The formation of the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1925 marked a pivotal moment in Indian politics, as it sought to align with the global Communist Movement while addressing local issues of class struggle. Key figures like M.N.Roy were instrumental in introducing Marxist ideology which resonated with a segment of the Indian society grappling with exploitation, suppression and oppression. The CPI's early activities focused on labour and peasant movements, aiming to mobilise the working class against colonial rule. These efforts were often met with repression, as the British authorities viewed the communists as a significant threat to their imperialistic reign. In post-independent India, the Communist Movement experienced both progression and fragmentation. Initially supportive of the Indian National Congress under Jawaharlal Nehru, the CPI was on the verge of facing ideological rifts, leading to a split in 1964 that gave birth to the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M). The CPI-M (CPI (M)) gained notable success in State politics, particularly in Kerala and West Bengal, where it implemented significant land reforms and social welfare policies. Despite the many challenges encountered, the Left Movement continues to advocate for workers' rights and social justice, emphasising its enduring relevance in contemporary Indian politics.
CHINESE FAIRYTALE “WEAVER GIRL AND COWHERD”: A SOURCE OF LEARNING CHINESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE.
Authors: Raj Arpana
Published: December 2024

Fairytales never get old and outdated. Even in the 21st century of a globalised and digitalised world, it remains a source of inspiration for our basic human nature, inspiration, and imagination. Besides this, fairytales are also a strong source for understanding a particular culture, its customs, traditions, and common practices. China is no exception. Even in today’s information age the essence and importance of ancient fairytales have not got mild. Since learning the Chinese language and culture has become one of the new global trends at rise; this paper will explore the link between ancient Chinese fairytales and Chinese language learning. Taking a case study of the famous fairytale “Weaver girl and the Cowherd” from the Chinese language textbook “Elementary Chinese Reader” referred in India, the paper tries to explore how the tale helps foreign learners to understand the language, culture, geographical set-up, social norms as well as the aspirations of Chinese people at a particular time. And further, it highlights the relevance of fairy tales in the present information age world.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF STEEL PRODUCTION AND ITS CHALLENGES IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: V. Vidyashree , Sheriff Aisha M
Published: December 2024

Steel industry is one of the important industries which contributes towards infrastructure, transportation and manufacturing. It is one of the biggest emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2), making sustainability in steel production is the global priority. This paper explores the environmental impact of the steel production and challenges in achieving sustainability. The respondents are managers working in manufacturing organisation and specifically in the steel manufacturing companies.This paper explores the views of the managers working in steel manufacturing Industries. The result shows that the factors affecting environment are CO2 emissions, water usage, resource depletion and waste generation. The challenges faced in the steel manufacturing industry to achieve sustainability are technological dependency on coal, high energy demand, economic competitive and recycling & material efficiency.
BRIDGING THE DIGITAL GAP: EMPOWERING RURAL INDIA THROUGH TRANSFORMATIVE INITIATIVES
Authors: Pandey Vandana
Published: December 2024

India's rural regions, which constitute a significant portion of the nation's population, face substantial challenges in accessing digital technology and infrastructure. Bridging the digital gap is crucial to fostering inclusive growth and ensuring equitable access to education, healthcare, financial services, and employment opportunities. This paper explores transformative initiatives aimed at empowering rural India through digital literacy programs, affordable internet services, e-governance, and sustainable technological solutions. By examining government policies, public-private partnerships, and community-driven models, the study highlights the progress made and identifies strategies to overcome persistent barriers. The findings emphasize the need for holistic approaches to create a digitally inclusive society in rural India.
Traces of Ottoman Modernization in Abdullah Fréres' Street Photographs of Istanbul
Authors: Orhan Suzan
Published: December 2024

The history of photography is also the history of modernity and modernization. In other words, it is both an important element and proof of modernity. Street photographs, on the other hand, are visual documents that can present objective images of daily life through the public sphere. This study aims to examine the modernization steps of the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the 19th century through Abdullah Fréres’ Istanbul street photographs and to make a visual analysis of the change in the multinational society structure. Following the invention of photography in 1839, the documentation of Ottoman modernization through photography is as important as written documents in terms of objective history reading. The visual reading was made through street images in this study because street photographs reflect reality directly and provide rich visual data. The reason why Abdullah Fréres’, the court photographer of that era, photographs were preferred is that the siblings took many street photographs in different periods and regions of Istanbul during their careers between 1858 and 1899. The visual analysis was limited to thirteen Istanbul street photographs, as the photography studios of the period were mostly in the Pera region of the capital Istanbul and it was thought that it would be appropriate to bring a geographical limitation to the study. It is thought that the study will contribute to both the theory of photography and the field of history, as it is evidence that a multi-layered visual history reading can be made through the early examples of street photography in the Ottoman capital. As a result of the study, it was found that the street photographs signed by Abdullah Fréres carried traces of the reforms in the second half of the 19th century and this transformation process progressed slowly.
Morphological variability of Cyprinus Carpio Linnaeus, 1758 in water bodies of the Balkash-Alakol basin
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan, Barakov R.Т. ,   Scientific and Production Center of Fishery, 89a Suyunbay Ave., Almaty, 050016, Kazakhstan, Sharakhmatov S.Е. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan, Isbekov К.B. ,   Scientific and Production Center of Fishery, 89a Suyunbay Ave., Almaty, 050016, Kazakhstan, Nurtazin S.Т. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of investigating the morphological variability of carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) in three large reservoirs of the Balkash-Alakol Basin – Lake Balkash, Lake Alakol, and Kapshagay Reservoir. Morphological differences in several features (counting and plasticity) were found in three carp samples. The study included the examination of 24 plastic and 14 counting features. The method of digital image processing (Morpho J) was applied to analyze the differences of the target fish species specimens by body shape. The application of the principal component analysis (PCA) method allowed determining the main loadings on the studied morphological traits of carp. The statistically reliable differences revealed allow to confirm the formation of morphological changes in carp caused by
the duration of adaptive radiation, environmental factors of water bodies and annual artificial stocking of young fish.
The Effect of Seed Pre-Treatments and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Germination of Dormant Laurus nobilis L. Seeds
Authors: Güngör Halide Hande , Gürel Aynur , Karık Ünal
Published: December 2024

Objective: In this study, the effect of pericarp and seed coat on germination in dormant Laurel seeds was investigated. In addition, it was aimed to increase the germination rate of Laurel seeds with various pre-treatments and plant growth regulators.
Materials and Methods: Seeds taken from Laurel trees at the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute were used as starting material. Seeds with and without pericarp were cultured in MS nutrient medium. Then, pre-treatments (water and solution of GA3 soaking) were made to the seeds. After determining the effect of pericarp and pre-treatments on germination, the seeds were cultured in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 and NAA.
Results: Germination percentages of 20% and 33.33% and shoot formation percentages 13.33% and 26.67% were found in seeds without pericarp and without pericarp-with a cut seed coat, respectively. As a result of the pre-treatment trials, the highest germination (86.67%), shoot formation (80%), shoot length (2.43 cm), average root lenght (6.81 cm), average leaf lenght (0.73 cm), average number of leaf (2.60 number) were obtained in seeds without pericarp-with a cut seed coat kept in 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours. In order to determine the effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro germination, seeds kept at 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours were cultured in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 and NAA. The highest germination (100%), shoot formation (100%), average shoot lenght (5.13 cm), average root length (7.35 cm), average leaf lenght (0.875 cm), average number of root (2.07 number) and average number of leaf (3.63 number) were obtained in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L GA3.
Conclusion: As a result of the experiments, the dormancy in the Laurel seeds was broken and 100% germination rate was achieved. This protocol provides an effective method for rapid and short-term in vitro germination of laurel seeds.
PENGOLAHAN SUSU KUDA LIAR MENJADI PERMEN SUSU UNTUK PEMBERDAYAN MASYARAKAT PETERNAK DI DESA PENYARING KECAMATAN MOYO UTARA SUMBAWA NTB
Authors: Husni Husni , Umar Umar , Hidayatullah Muhammad , Anugrah Rifki , Ananda Rizki Qori
Published: December 2024

Desa penyaring merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Kecamatan Moyo Utara, Kabupaten Sumbawa, provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Kecamatan Moyo Utara memiliki 6 Desa dan kelurahan yang berada di Kecamatan Moyo Utara yakni Desa Baru Tahan, Desa Kukin, Desa Penyaring, Desa Pungkit, Desa Sebewe dan Desa Songkar. permasalahan yang dialami oleh petani peternak kuda di Desa Penyaring yaitu belum maksimalnya pengelolaan pemanfaatan susu kuda liar yang menyebabkan pendapatan relatif rendah. Selama ini susu kuda yang diproduksi kurang maksimal dalam pemanfaatan pengelolaan, peternak hanya sebatas memerah dan menjual dengan harga yang relatif murah atau dijual hanya untuk keperluan sehari-hari sehingga tidak terlalu berdampak secara berkelanjutan dari segi nilai jual. Tujuan pembuatan permen susu adalah untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi susu dan penghasilan peternak.  Selain itu, kegiatan pengabdian pembuatan permen susu juga dapat menjalin kerja sama antara Universitas dengan peternak kuda dan masyarakat peternak dan meningkatkan produksi permen susu, mampu mengelolah susu menjadi produk olahan yang tahan lama, dan untuk menambah cita rasa susu
PEMBERDAYAAN DESA BARENGKOK: MENINGKATKAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DAN PEMANFAATAN PUPUK KOMPOS
Authors: Sukarno Iwan , Amelia Afifah , Indrawan Ahsan P. , Y Iman Nafiz. , Ramli Moh. Agus S. , P. Rangga
Published: December 2024

Mata pencaharian utama penduduk Desa Barengkok adalah bertani dan berkebun. Saat ini, salah satu masalah yang dihadapi para petani adalah penggunaan pupuk kimia secara terus-menerus, yang sudah pasti memberikan dampak lingkungan jangka panjang. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di Desa Barengkok ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pengelolaan sampah organik serta memberika manfaat ekonomi dan lingkungan dari penggunaan kompos. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui pelatihan pembuatan pupuk kompos organik dimulai dari pemilahan sampah, pembuatan, serta sosialisasi manfaat kompos. Metode yang digunakan mencakup beberapa tahapan, seperti pencacahan bahan, penyesuaian perbandingan karbon dan nitrogen, fermentasi dengan bioaktivator, dan pembalikan tumpukan kompos secara berkala. Kegiatan ditutup dengan sosialisasi dan pelatihan pembuatan pupuk kompos. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diharapkan memberikan dampak kepada pemahaman masyarakat tentang pengelolaan sampah yang lebih bermanfaat.
Studi Habitat Ikan Gelodok (Boleophthalmus sp.) Di Kawasan Ekowisata Hutan Payau, Tritih Kulon, Kabupaten Cilacap Berdasarkan Kandungan Total Nitrat Dan Total Fosfat
Authors: Hastuti Dewi Wisudyanti Budi , Setiyaningrum Anita Putri , Hendrayana Hendrayana , Rivani Rivani , Ekasanti Anandita , Listiowati Emyliana , Nugrayani Dewi
Published: December 2024

Ekosistem mangrove di Kawasan Hutan Payau, Tritih Kulon, Cilacap, terpengaruh oleh berbagai aktivitas manusia, yang menyebabkan peningkatan konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat total di perairan. Nitrat dan fosfat adalah nutrisi penting yang mendukung pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup organisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar nitrat dan fosfat total, serta mengaitkannya dengan kesesuaian habitat ikan gelodok di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif, menggunakan sampel air dan sedimen dari habitat ikan gelodok. Kualitas air diukur melalui parameter seperti suhu, salinitas, dan oksigen terlarut (DO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi nitrat total di air berkisar antara 2,35 hingga 3,65 mg/L dengan rata-rata 3,12 mg/L, sementara di sedimen berkisar antara 1,02 hingga 1,85 mg/kg dengan rata-rata 1,4 mg/kg. Konsentrasi fosfat total di air berada dalam kisaran 0,6 hingga 0,94 mg/L dengan rata-rata 0,81 mg/L, sedangkan di sedimen berkisar antara 0,94 hingga 1,45 mg/kg dengan rata-rata 1,22 mg/kg.
 
Kata kunci : Habitat, Ikan Gelodok, Total Fosfat, Total Nitrat
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS AND CONDITION FACTOR OF MALAJA FISH (Siganus canaliculatus) IN LUWU REGENCY WATERS
Authors: Achmad Nurilmi , Sunarti Sunarti , Massiseng Andi Nur Apung
Published: December 2024

Malaja fish or baronang lingkis (Siganus canaliculatus) is a typical fish of the Luwu Regency community. This fish is favored in fishing activities by the local community because of its delicious taste. The main problem experienced by this fishery resource is that high fishing activities and increasing production volumes can result in stock decline. Therefore, it is necessary to study the growth patterns and condition factors of malaja fish in the waters of Luwu Regency as a basis for information for management activities. The purpose of this study was to determine length weight relationship and condition factor of malaja fish in Luwu Regency waters. Sampling was conducted from Mei to August 2024 with stratified random sampling method from catch landed at Karang-Karangan Village, Bua Sub-district, Luwu. The results showed that 168 fish captured consists of 88 males and 80 females. The length weight relationship was W = 0,000001L3,4556 for male and W = 0,00001L3,0421 for female. The results indicated that the length weight relationship was highly correlated (r > 90%). The relative condition factors of fish varied from 0,4475-2,6567.
KONDISI STOK IKAN KARANG DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI PERAIRAN TWP GILI SULAT DAN GILI LAWANG, KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Aini Muslihuddin , Junaidi Junaidi , Malik Lalu Alfitram Mame , Imelda Asyifa Dwi
Published: December 2024

Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati ikan karang yang signifikan, namun aktivitas penangkapan ikan mengancam stoknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kondisi stok ikan karang dengan menggunakan pendekatan length-based stock assessment dan analisis Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR). Data dikumpulkan dari dua lokasi pendaratan ikan sepanjang tahun 2023, meliputi jenis ikan, hasil tangkapan, dan data panjang ikan. Analisis CPUE dilakukan untuk menilai upaya penangkapan dan hasil tangkapan, serta SPR digunakan untuk menilai kondisi stok ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 151 spesies ikan karang tertangkap, dengan tiga spesies dominan: Naso thynnoides (35%), Acanthurus mata (33%), dan Caesio caerulaurea (32%). Nilai SPR ketiga spesies tersebut berada di atas 30%, menandakan stok yang relatif sehat (Naso thynnoides 58%, Acanthurus mata 43%, Caesio caerulaurea 34%). Namun, tingkat eksploitasi Acanthurus mata menunjukkan bahwa spesies ini sudah pada tingkat fully exploited (E=0,578), memerlukan pengelolaan ketat untuk mencegah overfishing. Kesimpulannya, sebagian besar stok ikan karang berada dalam kondisi baik, namun Acanthurus mata membutuhkan perhatian khusus. Pengendalian penangkapan dan pemantauan rutin disarankan untuk menjaga kelestarian stok ikan karang di TWP Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang.
SERVICE SATISFACTION OF ARRIVAL REPORT LETTER (STBLKK) AT THE BUNGUS OCEANIC FISHING PORT
Authors: Safitriani Safitriani , Hasanah Hasanah
Published: December 2024

Bungus oceanic fishing port (PPS) Bungus was one of the fishing ports in Indonesia. Bungus fishing port conducts mooring activities. The mooring activity is that fishermen moor their ships at a port and require a proof of arrival report letter (STBLKK). The purpose of this study was to determine service procedure and the satisfaction of STBLKK services at PPS Bungus. Implementation of SOP at service procedure at Bungus Ocean Fishing Port is that every fishing vessel that will come or moor / dock at the dock is required to report and make a proof of arrival report letter, the issuance of STBLKK at Bungus Ocean Fishing Port is in accordance with existing procedures. The questionnaire results show that the five questions posed to the ship's management show very suitable results for convenience, speed, satisfaction, courtesy, and security services. The implementation of the service of issuing proof of ship arrival report (STBLKK) is very suitable based on the value of the Community Satisfaction Index (SMI) A, which is 98.5. Ship management satisfaction with STBLKK service procedures is very good.
ANALYSIS OF ZOOPLANKTON GENUS COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN THE WATERS OF LAKE RANAU WARKUK RANAU SELATAN DISTRICT SUMATERA SELATAN PROVINCE
Authors: Tiara Tiara Santeri , Hermialingga Septi , Harliani Desliana Opie , Manurung Nancy Eka Putri
Published: December 2024

Danau Ranau sebagai sumber daya air bagi masyarakat khususnya Kecamatan Warkuk Ranau Selatan memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang cukup tinggi. Zooplankton merupakan salah satu komponen hayati yang berfungsi sebagai indikator kualitas air berdasarkan komposisi dan kelimpahan zooplankton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi jenis dan kelimpahan zooplankton di Danau Ranau, terutama pada area hulu, tengah, dan hilir untuk memahami adakah perbedaan dalam komposisi dan jumlah zooplankton pada masing-masing area, yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti perbedaan kualitas air. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel air permukaan dan disaring menggunakan alat plankton net. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi genus paling banyak ditemukan di bagian hulu danau dan kelimpahan zooplankton paling tinggi ditemukan di bagian tengah danau. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa distribusi zooplankton tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor biologis tetapi juga oleh kondisi lingkungan di setiap lokasi sehingga komposisi dan kelimpahan zooplankton di Danau Ranau bervariasi secara signifikan di antara area hulu, tengah dan hilir.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF Rhizophora mucronata LEAF TEA INFUSION
Authors: Tanod Wendy Alexander , Dewanto Didit Kustantio , Ansar Novalina Maya Sari , Cahyono Eko , Rieuwpassa Frets Jonas , Sambeka Yana
Published: December 2024

Rhizophora mucronata leaves are known to have antioxidant properties, including the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The infusion of these mangrove leaves has the potential for development into herbal drinks. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant potential of R. mucronata leaves tea infusion that has been dried using sunlight and an oven. The process involved cleaning the R. mucronata mangrove leaves, drying them (either in the sun or in an oven), and grinding them into a powder. This mangrove leaf powder was then brewed with hot water and subsequently dried. The antioxidant capacity of the leaves tea infusion extract was assessed using the DPPH method. Additionally, the sensory acceptance of the mangrove leaves tea infusion was evaluated based on its appearance (color) and aroma. The results demostrated that the percentage inhibition of the mangrove leaves tea infusion extract dried in the sun ranged from 2.80% to 68.83%, with an IC50 of 79.99 ± 0.21 µg/mL. Conversely, the percentage inhibition of the oven-dried mangrove leaves tea infusion extract ranged from 19.25% to 95.41%, with an IC50 of 51.55 ± 0.12 µg/mL. Panelists expressed a moderate appreciation for the appearance (color) and aroma of the R. mucronata leaves tea infusion. No significant differences were observed in the assessments of appearance and aroma between the oven-dried and sun-dried samples. Overall, the findings suggest that R. mucronata leaves possess the potential to be developed into antioxidant-rich herbal drinks that can be appealing to consumers.
Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Lipopolysaccharides Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria in Stunting Children
Authors: Erwin Gunawan , Ria Puspitawati
Published: December 2024

Background: Stunting is a condition of growth and development disorders in children under 5 years of age who appear shorter than their age caused by nutritional deficiencies. The stunted growth and development of children can be influenced by deficiencies in the intake of macronutrients such as protein and micronutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and vitamin D. One nutrient that is relevant to current dental health research is vitamin D.
Objective: This review article will further analyze the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacterial lipopolysaccharide in stunting children.
Literature review: Vitamin D deficiency can cause various problems related to the oral cavity such as a decrease in salivary flow rate, buffer capacity, and salivary content such as protein. A decrease in salivary flow rate causes secretory Immunoglobulin A (IgA) to decrease, thus disrupting the colonization of normal microflora in the oral cavity. Reduced vitamin D levels can potentially increase the number of Porpyhromonas gingivalis bacteria and also lipopolysaccharides (LPS), thus inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of alveolar bone cells.
Conclusion: Therefore, lack of micronutrient intake such as vitamin D deficiency can trigger the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria and an increase in bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharides, especially in stunted children.
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 as Biomarker for Malignant Mammary Tumors in Dogs
Authors: S Alani Islam , S Al Biaty Huda
Published: December 2024

Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are frequently occurring types of tumor in female dogs. Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) plays a role in dismantling the extracellular matrix during normal bodily functions and diseases, including cancer. The goal of this research was to evaluate the serum levels of MMP-9 as a potential diagnostic indicator for CMTs using the ELISA method. We collected tissue samples from mammary glands and blood specimens from 50 dogs suspected of having CMTs and 30 healthy control dogs. Histological examination was used to diagnose the mammary tumors, with findings indicating that 88% of the cases were malignant CMT and 12% were benign. According to ELISA results, there was a statistically considerable elevation in the mean serum level of MMP-9 in malignant cases (199.09 ng/ml) compared to benign cases (56.721 ng/ml) and controls (36.055 ng/ml). MMP-9 serum levels were significantly correlated with dogs aged 10–15 years, as well as with female dogs. In terms of stage and grade of the disease, the mean levels of MMP-9 increased as the disease progressed (Stage IV: 343.235 ng/ml). However, there was no correlation with the grade of the disease, and in regard to MMP-9 serum levels, it was not feasible to distinguish between newly diagnosed cases and recurring cases. In conclusion, measuring serum MMP-9 levels may aid in assessing the presence of malignancies in dogs with mammary tumors‎‎‎.
Influence of Cooking by Boiling on Lead and Cadmium in Meat and Liver of Chickens
Authors: E Hashem Wasan , A Abdaljaleel Raghad
Published: December 2024

Heavy meals are widely known as environmental pollutants due to their toxicity, heat stability, long staying in the atmosphere, and their capability to accumulate in the body. The current experiment investigates the concentration of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), which are considered heavy metals in the liver and meat of fresh and imported frozen chicken, by studying the effect of cooking process using the boiling method. A total of 80 samples were randomly collected and examined: 40 frozen (10 from each of the liver and meat) before and after cooking) and 40 fresh (10 from each the liver and meat) before and after cooking) from different regions in AL-Karkh Province, Baghdad. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry device was used to evaluate the concentration of Pb and Cd. The results revealed that, in the concentration of Pb in the frozen cooked liver was significantly higher 321.8 ppm in comparison to fresh uncooked liver was 84.20 ppm. In contrast, meat samples indicated that neither cooking nor storage significantly affected the concentrations of Pb. The results also indicated that Cd concentration in meat tissue was significantly higher in fresh cooked (133.7 ppm) compared to frozen cooked (24.30 ppm). For correlation, a non-significant correlation between Pb and Cd concentration at the 0.05 level in liver and meat before and after cooking was recorded. The present study concluded that cooking by boiling method which is a traditional method that is used in Iraqi kitchens, can cause an increase in Pb, and Cd concentration. High concentrations of Pb or Cd in meat and liver may come from the environment, food consumed by chickens, cooking procedures, pans used, and sources of water may affect metal concentrations‎‎‎.
Immunopathological Changes of Streptococcus pneumoniae Causing Respiratory Infection in Lambs
Authors: A Hamzah Abbas , I Ibrahim Zainab
Published: December 2024

Streptococcus pneumoniae are common bacterial pathogens that can cause a range of diseases in humans and animals. This study attempts to clarify the course and consequences of pneumonia caused by this bacterial infection. A total of 6 male un-weaned lambs aged between 1 to 2 months and weighing 5 to 7 kg were subjected to S. pneumoniae strain ATCC 6303 serotype 3 at ‎2×106 ‎CFU/mL by inhalation to induce pneumonia. Pneumonic clinical signs were ‎monitored daily throughout the study period. The blood samples were collected from all animal groups at day zero before pneumoniae induction and 3, 6, and 14 days post infection  for total and differential white blood cell count ‎(WBCs) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) assessments. Additionally, on days 6 and 14 post-exposure, trachea and lung tissue samples were harvested for macroscopic and microscopic pathological changes evaluation. The results showed that there was a significant increase (P<0.001) in total WBC counts from day 3 post-exposure and maintaining elevated levels on days 6 and 14 compared to day zero. Differential WBC counts showed an early, significant rise in neutrophils, with sustained ‎elevation in lymphocytes and monocytes. TNF-α‎ levels significantly elevated on day 3‎ and gradually declined by day 14‎ post-exposure (P<0.001). On day 6 post-exposure, the gross pathological changes in the lung showed pulmonary edema, and emphysema, with mild to moderate lung congestion and emphysematous changes observed on day 14 post-exposure. Histopathologically, severe erosion and necrosis in the trachea and bronchus epithelium, along with inflammation in adjacent mucosa and submucosa, accompanied by focal inflammatory infiltration and emphysema in the lung by day 6 post-exposure, were observed. By day 14, these changes progressed to marked epithelial vacuolation and necrosis in the trachea, with lung sections revealing perivascular cuffing, peri bronchiolitis, mild bronchiectasis, atelectasis, and alveolar collapse. This study is attempt for a better understanding of S. pneumoniae infection in lamb and contributing to the development of preventive and management strategies in Iraq‎‎‎.
Radiological Evaluation of Length Discrepancy and Angular Deformity of Injured Growth Plate in Kit Rabbit Model
Authors: Hilal Sura , K Hussein Aseel
Published: December 2024

Growth plate injury is one of the most significant sequelae that affect the animal and man life in adulthood.  This condition considered as one of the real problem encountered by many orthopedics which can result in the formation of a bony bridge leading ultimately to limb length discrepancy and angular deformity of the long bones in kid animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the deformities of the tibial length and angle radiographically after experimentally inducing growth plate injury. Five local breed kit rabbits included in this study, had body weight and age ranges of 500 to 1100 g and 6 to12 weeks, respectively. The animals were exposed to approximately 5×5×1 mm injury in the proximal tibial growth plate (type-III to IV classification. A radiological follow up at 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week post inducing injury was made for possible evaluation of growth plate injury and calculate the length discrepancy of tibial and angular deformity by the end of the study. The radiological results revealed that bony bridge formation was clearly seen by 3rd and 4th weeks post induction. Furthermore, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the length discrepancy of tibia started by 2nd week (P= 0.0175) and its angular deformity by 3rd week (P=0.0111) of the affected tibia limb and contralateral limb of the same animal up to the end of the study. In conclusion, the current study indicated that the formation of a bony bridge is a radiological sign of the damaged growth plate that ultimately leads to length discrepancy and angular deformity‎‎‎.
Analysis of the Impact of Science, Technology and Innovation on Economic Growth in the Pearl River West Economic Belt
Authors: Chen Yongqi
Published: December 2024

Science and technology innovation has an important impact on economic growth. This paper summarises the relevant theories of domestic and foreign authors on the analysis of the impact of science and technology innovation on economic growth, and combines them with the reality of science and technology innovation on economic growth in the Pearl River West Economic Belt, and argues that there is a certain amount of science and technology innovation outputs in the Pearl River West Economic Belt, which, in turn, promotes economic growth. This paper empirically analyses the impact of STI on the economic growth of the Pearl River-West River Economic Belt by using the statistical data from 2000 to 2020 of the 11 major cities involved in the belt (i.e., Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhaoqing, Yunfu, Nanning, Liuzhou, Wuzhou, Guigang, Baise, Laibin and Chongzuo). The results show that the impact of S&T innovation on the economic growth of the Pearl River-West River Economic Belt is positively correlated, indicating that S&T innovation can promote the economic growth of the Pearl River-West River Economic Belt. And this effect is robust.
Influence of temperature on energy production performance at the Azito thermal power plant (southern part of Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Esmel GUILLAUME  , Désiré C MELEDJE  , Sacre Regis DIDI  , Alexandre T KEUKEU  , Konan René KAMBO
Published: December 2024

Technological advances in plant design, cooling and materials are essential to optimise performance under variable conditions. These factors are even more critical under climate change, which may exacerbate these thermal challenges. In this study, the impact of temperature variations on the energy production efficiency of the Azito thermal power plant is investigated using the THERMOFLOW model.
The simulation results show that the variation of the atmospheric temperature is an important factor that affects the operation of the basic equipment and the auxiliary equipment of the power generation units. The characteristics of the gas turbine, an essential piece of equipment in the combined cycle system, fall short of the manufacturer's specifications. This will reduce the efficiency of the unit.
Skin Necrosis: Pathophysiology and innovations in tissue regeneration
Authors: Kiran Patel  , Sonam Yadav  , Gunjan Sahu  , Dhanajay Patel  , Radhika Sahu  , Tilotma Sahu
Published: December 2024

Skin, the largest organ in the human body, serves as a crucial barrier against environmental threats. However, larger skin defects or compromised wound healing can result in persistent wounds, sometimes requiring skin substitutes. Skin tissue engineering aims to create materials that can replace skin functions temporarily or permanently. The skin comprises several tissue types, including epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous, and vascular tissues. Keratinocytes, for instance, undergo a specialized process to form the cornified layer, which differentiates from apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death. Pathogenic processes often involve necrosis, a form of tissue death caused by insufficient blood supply, infections, or trauma. There are various types of necrosis, including coagulation, liquefactive, gangrenous, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid necrosis, each defined by the tissue changes and underlying causes. Necrosis can result from external factors like mechanical trauma, thermal damage, or ischemia, and internal factors such as infection or certain diseases. Necrosis is linked to autoimmune conditions, vascular diseases, and toxic exposures. Risk factors include age, alcohol abuse, infections, and conditions like diabetes and HIV. Treatment for necrosis involves removing dead tissue (debridement), managing infections, and restoring blood flow, often requiring surgery or amputation. Additional treatments like antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and wound dressings support healing. Alternative approaches, including homeopathy and Ayurveda, focus on stimulating natural healing processes through herbs and detoxification.