bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The views of academicians about problems in the science teacher education departments and their proposed solutions
Authors: Kuru Kaçmazoğlu Emine , Taşcan Merve
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the views of academicians about the problems in the undergraduate education process in which the Science teachers are educated, and to propose solutions to these problems. The study was designed as a case study. The working group of the research consisted of 29 instructors who work in the Science Teaching Undergraduate Programs in Turkey. The data were obtained via a structured interview form composed of demographic information and open ended questions. The data were analysed using content analysis method. As a result of the research, the problems that affect Science teaching improvement in Turkey negatively are summarized under three main headings: problems arising from the undergraduate student admission phase, problems related to the content of the undergraduate program, and issues related to the undergraduate education process. For solutions to these problems, the study offers suggestions: student and teacher selection system should be changed to measure personal and professional skills, the number of students should be decreased, infrastructure deficiencies should be corrected, quality and quantity of the instructors should be increased, personal rights of the education employees should be improved, and common opinion and strategies should be determined through organizing workshops with the participation of all stakeholders.
Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas lingkar pergelangan tangan sebagai prediktor obesitas dan resistensi insulin pada remaja akhir
Authors: Fitriyanti Addina Rizky , Tjahjono Kusmiyati , Sulchan Mohammad , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: June 2019

Background: Obesity is one of the risk factors for insulin resistance. Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Wrist circumference has the potential for predicting obesity and insulin resistance.Objectives:. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of wrist circumference against obesity and insulin resistance in late adolescents.Methods: The design of this study is a crossectional study with a sample of 85 students at Diponegoro University Semarang. Data collected consisted of anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, wrist circumference, neck circumference, waist circumference and pelvic girth) and blood vein sampling (fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin). Statistical analyses used in this study were Pearson or R Spearman correlation test.Results: Wrist circumference was positively correlated with all biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements except the waist hip ratio. Wrist circumference correlates positively and significantly with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in male adolescents. The results of the ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC value of wrist circumference in male adolescents had better performance in predicting obesity (88% (95% CI, 76% - 100%)) than insulin resistance (81% (95% CI, 51% -100%)).Conclusion: Wrist circumference is one of the anthropometric measurements that can be used for predicting obesity and insulin resistance in late adolescents.
Seeing by the Starbucks: The Social Context of Mobile Maps and Users’ Geographic Knowledges
Authors: Dalton Craig M. , Thatcher Jim
Published: June 2019

Locating places using maps on mobile devices is an increasingly common practice in modern life. Such maps, including Google Maps and Apple Maps, inform and shape users’ geographic understandings. Existing research finds that those who navigate with mobile devices tend to recall landmarks rather than more comprehensive forms of geographic knowledge. However, most of that research gives minimal consideration to social context. Utilizing a qualitative approach and drawing on critical work on vision, maps, and digital data, we explore the contextual, economic circumstances that partially shape the production of users’ geographic knowledge through their consumption of mobile device maps. In a focus group experiment, mobile device map users frequently referred to a particular business, a Starbucks location, in a location-finding task. This indicates that social, contextual considerations are important to informing geographic knowledges; the map application providers’ business strategies, chiefly advertising, lead to an emphasis on business-type points of interest in mobile maps, which could shape users’ subsequent geographic knowledges. This has implications not only for mobile device use, but how technology companies’ maps potentially affect everyday understandings of the world around us.
Rada Europejska i granice projektu integracyjnego. Kreowanie działań zewnętrznych Unii Europejskiej w kontekście wyzwań politycznych
Authors: Jańczak Jarosław
Published: June 2019

Rozwój Unii Europejskiej powoduje zmiany w jej modelu instytucjonalnym. W kontekście działań zewnętrznych dotyczy to z jednej strony rozkładu kompetencji formalnych, z drugiej praktyki funkcjonowania instytucji unijnych, szczególnie w zakresie mechanizmów nieformalnych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza zaangażowania Rady Europejskiej w kreowanie działań zewnętrznych Unii Europejskiej. Pytania badawcze stawiane w analizie dotyczą źródeł i przejawów dynamiki instytucjonalnej Rady Europejskiej w zakresie działań zewnętrznych. Odpowiedź na nie udzielona została w oparciu o analizę zachowania Rady Europejskiej w odniesieniu do sposobu konstruowania granic projektu integracyjnego w kontekście relacji z partnerami zewnętrznymi. Metodologicznie tekst opiera się na analizie konkluzji posiedzeń Rady Europejskiej w latach 2011–2017.
Syndrom reintegracji w stosunkach Polski z Unią Europejską po roku 2015
Authors: Piwnicki Grzegorz
Published: June 2019

Artykuł prezentuje problem integracji Polskiej z Unią Europejską przez pryzmat dychotomii przełomu lat 2015–2016. Pierwszą kwestią, którą w nim poruszono to dążenie Polski do połączenia się z systemem euroatlantyckim po odzyskaniu suwerenności politycznej w roku 1989. Wydawać by się mogło, że uzyskano w tej kwestii wielki sukces, który miał być wyznacznikiem polskiej polityki zagranicznej na XXI wiek. Było to przyjęcie naszego kraju do NATO 12 marca 1999 roku, a następnie akcesja do Unii Europejskiej w 2004 roku po kilkunastu latach starań i przygotowań. Okres taki trwał 11 lat do momentu przejęcia władzy przez PiS w wyborach październikowych 2015 roku.
Sticky-disk limit of planar N-bubbles
Authors: Del Nin Giacomo
Published: June 2019

We study planar N-bubbles that minimize, under an area constraint, a weighted perimeter

P
ε

{P_{\varepsilon}}

depending on a small parameter

ε
>
0

{\varepsilon>0}

. Specifically, we weight

2
-
ε

{2-\varepsilon}

the boundary between the bubbles and 1 the boundary between a bubble and the exterior. We prove that as

ε
→
0

{\varepsilon\to 0}

, minimizers of

P
ε

{P_{\varepsilon}}

converge to configurations of disjoint disks that maximize the number of tangencies, each weighted by the harmonic mean of the radii of the two tangent disks. We also obtain some information on the structure of minimizers for small ε.
An Evaluation of Dilution Rheology for the Characterization of Long Chain Branching of Polyethylenes
Authors: Chai Choon K. , Ang Swe Chong
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper was to re-evaluate the novel rheological method of Crosby et al. [J. Rheol. 46 (2002) 401] to characterise long chain branching (LCB) in polyethylenes (PE) using the rheology of concentrated solutions. The feasibility of this dilution method centred on knowing the class of branched material and the molecular tube theory-based technique for the determination of two topological parameters (n, bU), where n is the number of entanglements between branch points while bU is the probability of meeting a branch point when tracing along the molecule from a random monomer against the direction of polymerisation. This paper proposes new possible approaches to calculate the two topological parameters (n, bU) set for metallocene polyethylenes (mPE), and their ambiguity discussed, as the results are dependent on the approach taken, though the previous authors mentioned only one. In addition, their approach requires an input value of LCB/1000C obtained from the standard analytical solution (SEC-V or SEC-LALLS) methods, hence, until now, without proper demonstration of the potential advantage of the dilution rheology method for LCB characterisation, as the main premise of their published article was to characterise the degree of LCB via rheological measurements without recourse to other methods of LCB characterisation.
Interaction Between a Screw Dislocation and a Piezoelectric Circular Inhomogeneity with Interfacial Cracks in Viscoelastic Matrix
Authors: Liu Youwen , Li Bo , Fang Qihong
Published: June 2019

This paper attempts to investigate the problem for the interaction between a screw dislocation and a piezoelectric circular inhomogeneity with interface cracks in viscoelastic matrix. Utilizing the Laplace transform method, we find that the viscoelastic problem is first reduced to an associated elastic one. After solving the associated elastic problem through complex function method, the solution of viscoelastic problem is obtained by using the inverse Laplace transformation. The viscoelasticity of material is modeled by the combination of spring and dashpot. Particularly, the boundary value problem for standard linear solid model is solved analytically. The analytical results show that the force acting on the dislocation depends on the piezoelectric properties of inhomogeneity and interfacial crack, and the magnitude of the force evolves toward a constant value as time elapses. However, the viscoelasticity of material cannot alter the equilibrium position of the dislocation. Results presented in this paper are in agreement with the previous solution as special cases.
Comparison of Viscoelastic Behaviour in Silica Filled Cured and Uncured cpe/nr Blends with Various Mixing Time
Authors: Phewthongin Nilobon , Saeoui Pongdhorn , Sirisinha Chakrit
Published: June 2019

Blends of 30-phr silica filled elastomeric chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and natural rubber (NR) at the blend composition ratio of 80/20 CPE/NR were prepared with various mixing time from 120 to 600 s. Viscoelastic behaviours of cured and uncured blends were determined using two rheometers with different shear modes, i.e., the oscillatory rheometer (Rubber Process Analyser, RPA2000) and the rate-controlled capillary rheometer (Goettfert Rheotester 2000). Results obtained reveal that the viscoelastic behaviour of blends is influenced by the formation of silica transient network, particularly in cured blends. Mixing time affects viscoelastic properties of vulcanised blends to some extent which is due probably to the high extent of thermal degradation, but plays no significant role in viscoelastic properties of unvulcanised blends. The superimposition of oscillatory and steady shear results is possible when the elastic component is eliminated from the results.
Viscoelastic Effects in Multilayer Polymer Extrusion
Authors: Anderson Patrick D. , Dooley Joseph , Meijer Han E.H.
Published: June 2019

The effect of viscoelasticity on multilayer polymer extrusion is discussed. In these coextrusion processes predetermined patterns are created with a remarkable breadth of complexity even in geometrically simple dies via elastic rearrangements caused by the second-normal stress differences. A computational method is offered, based on the mapping method, which quantitatively describes the flow-induced patterns. Besides that the results are esthetically beautiful, they are also relevant for practice, since process and die design optimization is now possible. Not only to minimize interface distortion, but potentially also to deliberately create new processes and products based on this flow-induced patterning of polymers.
Measurement Errors in Yield Stress Rheometry that Arise from Torque Auto Zero
Authors: Fisher Daniel T. , Boger David V. , Scales Peter J.
Published: June 2019

The measurement of the shear rheology of concentrated particulate suspensions is important to a range of mixing, pumping and flow operations. The use of a four or six bladed vane attached to a rheometer in an open cup is a popular technique to achieve a rheological characterisation. A problem occurs in the use of automated software with a number of rheological devices for yield stress materials. A torque auto zero default causes the torque at the start of a test to be ignored, and can result in significant errors and underestimation of the yield stress or rheological response of the suspension. The potential effect of using a torque auto zero default is demonstrated for a concentrated particulate suspension of nickel laterite.
Mechanical and Structural Properties of Maltodextrin/Agarose Gel Composites
Authors: Loret Chrystel , Frith William J. , Fryer Peter J.
Published: June 2019

When two biopolymers are mixed together, they will normally phase separate to give two distinct phases. If the biopolymers are gelled during this phase separation, for instance by reducing the temperature, one phase is trapped in this other one and an emulsion-like composite structure is obtained. In this study, we investigated the effect of volume fraction and droplet size of this dispersed phase on the mechanical properties of maltodextrin/agarose gel composites, where agarose is the dispersed phase. Mechanical properties of the different composites were investigated under large deformation using a rheometer with a vane geometry. These composites were also observed by confocal microscopy, allowing conclusions to be drawn regarding the microstructural origins of the observed mechanical behaviour.
Numerical Studies of Transport Properties in Heterogeneous Food Systems
Authors: Courtois Peggy , Ettelaie Rammile , Chen Jianshe
Published: June 2019

The current computer simulation based study aims to elucidate the complex role that the state of aggregation and morphology of the food materials plays in determining their transport behaviour. Using Brownian dynamic simulations, applied to colloidal systems, we simulate the compression of two different dense layers of nanoparticles (with reversible and irreversible bonds), at interface, at three different compression rates. We determine the desired transport coefficient for these structures using a novel technique, originally proposed by Torquato and Kim (1990). This method allows us to consider complex structures in our study, for which calculations of effective transport coefficients using conventional methods, like finite elements and finite difference, would be relatively difficult. We first validate our algorithm by comparing its results with those of exact calculations, for different regular lattices. Our results are in excellent agreement with the theory. The variation in the transport coefficient of nano-particle monolayers during the compression, are also correlated with the build up of stress and changes in the structure of the films.
Elongational Viscosity Measurements Using a Semi-Hyperbolic Die
Authors: Baird D. G. , Huang J.
Published: June 2019

The lubricated semi-hyperbolic die has been proposed as a technique for generating uni-axial extensional flow and, hence, as a device for measuring elongational viscosity. Two methods for extracting extensional viscosity data for polymer melts in laminar flow from this device have been proposed and are evaluated here. Following the approach proposed by Collier and coworkers, values of the transient extensional viscosity, η
e+, obtained from a non-lubricated semi-hyperbolic (SHPB) die for several polyethylene (PE) melts were found to be considerably higher than values obtained by means of the Münstedt-type device. Furthermore, the values of η
e+ obtained from the SHPB die were considerably higher than the strain averaged values of η
e+ which Everage and Ballman proposed would be obtained from a lubricated SHPB. The pressure drop across a SHPB die was estimated assuming resistance was all due to wall shear (using the lubrication approximation) for two PE resins. In the case of low density PE (LDPE) the values agreed to within 20% of the measured values suggesting that shear effects at the die wall were dominating the pressure drop and not extensional stresses. An analysis was carried out which showed that in the presence of lubrication the conditions for which the values of η
e+ obtained from the SHPB would be relatively accurate (Hencky strains > 5.0).
Rheology of Highly Concentrated Emulsions – Concentration and Droplet Size Dependencies
Authors: Masalova Irina , Malkin Alexander Ya.
Published: June 2019

The concentration and size dependencies of elastic properties of highly concentrated w/o emulsions were studied. The range of weight concentration of the disperse phase was 90 - 96%, the range of the average droplet size was 16 - 20 mm, and the droplet size distribution remained unchanged. The disperse phase consists of droplets of over-cooled concentrated aqueous solutions of inorganic salts. The concentration range being studied lies above the limit of maximal close packing, j > jm. The droplet size distribution is fairly wide and the shape of droplets is polygonal. These factors alone determine possible new rheological effects, such as the elasticity and visco-plastic behaviour of emulsions, as well as the observed form of concentration and size dependencies of rheological properties of emulsions. The complete flow curves were measured for these fairly new emulsion systems. It emerged that they were similar to the entire concentration and droplet size ranges being studied. The concentration dependencies of the yield stress and storage modules corresponded to the Princen-Kiss theory with critical volume concentration approximately 0.71 - 0.74. However, this theory describes the size dependence of elastic modules incorrectly. A new model is proposed, which correctly describes the dependencies of elastic modules on both determining parameters - those of concentration and droplet size.
Elongational Viscosities of Polymethylmethacrylate / Nano-Clay Composites
Authors: Katsikis Nikolaos , Königer Tobias , Münstedt Helmut
Published: June 2019

The elongational flow of polymethylmethacrylate / nano-clay composites was studied during stressing and creep experiments using a Münstedt tensile rheometer (MTR). The dispersion of the nano-clay was controlled by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the layer distance was measured with X-ray diffraction (XRD). With growing volume fraction of the filler an increase of the viscosity is observed under constant strain rate and constant stress conditions. The results for the elongational viscosities for both modes are consistent with each other. Furthermore, a strain softening behavior can be measured, which is the more pronounced the higher the nano-clay content is. As the Trouton rule is not valid, deviations from the linear behaviour are related to an envolope curve for the elongational viscosities instead of the threefold zero shear viscosity.
Rheology of Commercial and Model Ice Creams
Authors: Martin P.J. , Odic K.N. , Russell A.B. , Burns I.W. , Wilson D.I.
Published: June 2019

The rheologies of a shear-frozen commercial ice cream and of a model ice cream foam have been studied at − 5ºC and other temperatures by capillary rheometry on a commercial manufacturing line and in a Multi-Pass Rheometer, respectively. Both were 50 vol% aerated emulsions of milk fat in an aqueous sucrose solution, but the model ice cream foam was without ice crystals. The data indicate significant wall slip effects which have been analysed using the classical Mooney method, the Jastrzebski variant and one based on Tikhonov regularization. The latter approach yields ‘most convincing results’, including a previously unreported region of shear thickening at very high shear rates of ~ 3000 s-1 for the model ice cream foam, when the capillary number indicates a possible transition in the flow around bubbles from domination by interfacial effects to viscous effects. Viscous heating effects were observed at relatively low shear rates for the commercial ice cream, but not the model ice cream foam. This was attributed to the melting of the ice crystal phase in the commercial ice cream, and, hence, absent from the model ice cream foam.
Review of the Electrorheological (Er) Effect of Polyurethane-based Er Fluids
Authors: Schneider S. , Eibl S.
Published: June 2019

Electrorheological fluids (ERF) change viscosity when an electric field is applied. A special type of ERF consists of polyurethane particles which are doped with Li+ and /or Zn2+ cations and suspended in silicone oil. This article gives an overview of the temperature dependent behavior of the ER effect for these fluids and describes the basic principles how this is explained. Chemical analyses provide information as a basis for a polarization model in several dimensions down to molecular size.
Yield Stress of Emulsions and Suspensions as Measured in Steady Shearing and in Oscillations
Authors: Masalova I. , Malkin A.Ya. , Foudazi R.
Published: June 2019

The yield stresses of five samples (two highly concentrated emulsions, two Kaolin dispersions and mayonnaise) were determined in two ways. In one case, steady shear experiments were performed over a range of incrementally decreasing shear rates. The resulting flow curves, plotted as shear stress against shear rate, clearly showed the existence of a yield stress for each sample, the Herschel-Bulkley model being fitted to obtain values. In the second case, oscillatory amplitude sweeps were performed at three frequencies, and the “dynamic yield stress” was defined as the stress at which deviation from linearity occurred; this procedure has often been used to determine the yield stress of emulsions. It was found that the dynamic yield stress is frequency dependent, and cannot therefore be thought of as physically meaningful material property. At no frequency did the dynamic yield stress correlate with the yield stress obtained from the flow curves.
Magnetic Drug Targeting: An Analytical Model for the Influence of Blood Properties on Particle Trajectories
Authors: Gleich Bernhard , Weyh Thomas , Wolf Bernhard
Published: June 2019

Investigations on the behaviour of superparamagnetic nanoparticles under the influence of a high gradient magnetic field in the vascular system is required for a better under-standing of magnetic drug targeting. The influence on the particle transport of the non-Newtonian and Newtonian properties of blood as well as the influence of the heart rate was therefore studied. A analytical model was developed and the calculation of particle trajectories is presented and evaluated. The results show that the non-Newtonian properties of the blood have a positive influence on the number of retended nanoparticles. The calculations also showed that the number of retained nanoparticles was lower in oscillatory flow profile than in steady flow. The influence of the heart rate can be neglected for Womersley numbers smaller than 1.5.
Rheological Characterization of Highly Concentrated Mineral Suspensions Using Ultrasound Velocity Profiling with Combined Pressure Difference Method
Authors: Kotzé Reinhardt , Haldenwang Rainer , Slatter Paul
Published: June 2019

The rheological behaviour of non-Newtonian, highly concentrated and non-transparent fluids used in industry have so far been analysed using commercially available instruments, such as conventional rotational rheometers and tube viscometers. When dealing with the prediction of non-Newtonian flows in pipes, pipe fittings and open channels, most of the models used are empirical in nature. The fact that the fluids or slurries that are used normally are opaque, effectively narrows down the variety of applicable in-line rheometers even further, as these instruments are normally based on laser or visible light techniques, such as Laser Doppler Anemometry. In this research, an Ultrasonic Velocity Profiling technique (UVP), in combination with a pressure difference (PD) measurement, was tested to provide in-line measurement of rheological parameters. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the capabilities of the UVP-PD technique for rheological characterisation of different concentrations of non-transparent non-Newtonian slurries. Kaolin, bentonite, Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) and water solutions were used as model non-Newtonian mining slurries. Results determined by the UVP-PD method were compared with results obtained by off-line rheometry and in-line tube viscometry. The agreement between the UVP-PD method, tube viscometry and conventional rheometry was found to be within 15 % for all of the highly concentrated mineral suspensions investigated over a given range of shear rates. This method, if used in combination with a pressure difference technique (PD), has been found to have a significant potential in the development process of new in-line rheometers for process control within the mining industry.
Microrheometry for Studying the Rheology and Dynamics of Polymers Near Interfaces
Authors: Braithwaite Gavin J.C. , McKinley Gareth H.
Published: June 2019

The design of an instrument capable of opto-mechanical studies of the rheology of viscoelastic polymeric fluids near solid interfaces is described. The instrument probes the ‘meso’-scale (length scales of 0 (μm)) and bridges the gap between molecular-scale devices such as the Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) and conventional rheometers. The high viscosity materials and intermediate length scales probed with the current device are of direct relevance to industrial coating and thin film polymer processing operations, in addition to fundamental investigations of slip and interfacial instabilities. The device utilises small fluid samples (of the order of 1 μL), allows a wide range of viscosities (and thus molecular weights) to be investigated and can also be used with different substrate materials and surface coatings. Direct optical access to the sample also permits in-situ rheo-optical studies of material response under different loading conditions and flow histories.
Influence of the Electric Field on the Electrorheological Behaviour of Crystalline Cellulose Suspensions in Silicone Oils
Authors: Pavlínek V. , Sáha P. , Kitano T. , Tanegashima T.
Published: June 2019

This work deals with electrorheological (ER) behaviour of moist crystalline cellulose dispersed in silicone oils of different viscosities (0.1, 0.35 and 1.0 Pa.s) in DC and 50 Hz AC electric fields. The experiments were performed on a parallel-plate viscometer with various width of the gap. In the AC field the intensity of the ER effect was lower and the rheological behaviour of suspensions was in accordance with the Bingham law. In the DC field, on the other hand, the flow curves were rather complex. Higher viscosity of the continuous phase limited reorganization of the ER structure in the flow field; hence, the ER effect intensity was lower. The plot of relative viscosity, η/ηc, vs. the Mason number, Mn, provided a common line, which supports an idea of a pronounced influence of the ratio of viscous and polarization forces as the main factor controlling electrorheological properties of the system.
Secure communication for Industrie 4.0
Authors: Jänicke Lutz
Published: June 2019

Industrie 4.0 fosters the concept of systems within one company to communicate with external systems in other companies or cloud services. Such communication across security domains creates new challenges as multiple stakeholders with different, sometimes conflicting objectives are involved. Typical examples are confidentiality versus monitoring. Current security architectures and protocols are not designed to resolve these challenges.
Authorization in asset administration shells using OPC UA
Authors: Schmitt Johannes , Gamer Thomas , Platenius-Mohr Marie , Malakuti Somayeh , Finster Sören
Published: June 2019

Industrie 4.0 (I4.0) in Germany—or Industrial Internet 4.0, as it is called internationally—are key initiatives in order to bring digitization into the automation domain by taking advantage of recent technology advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The core concept for I4.0 is the digital twin or asset administration shell (AAS), as it is called by the German Plattform Industrie 4.0 initiative. It shall provide a machine-readable description of I4.0 components, being available over the entire lifecycle and being used for various advanced use cases and services.

Security has been an increasingly known and needed aspect during the last years and is a key requirement to make I4.0 actually happen. In a previous paper we proposed concepts for integrating authorization tightly into OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA)-based information models. OPC UA is a new and promising industrial technology, which could be used to implement AAS concepts. The current proposals for AAS define necessary security concepts; however, there is no work explaining how these concepts can be implemented in OPC UA. This paper closes this gap by elaborating on realization alternatives in OPC UA. Furthermore, we extend our basic performance evaluation with more realistic data access patterns based on I4.0 use cases, showing the applicability of our approach in practice.
Intrinsic Religiosity, Personality Traits, and Adolescent Risky Behaviors
Authors: Mendolia Silvia , Paloyo Alfredo , Walker Ian
Published: June 2019

We investigate the relationship between self-reported importance of religion and risky behaviors in adolescence using data from a large and detailed longitudinal study of English teenagers. We use school and individual fixed effects, and treatment effects with inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment, controlling for a rich set of characteristics, including individual personality traits. Our results show that individuals with low religiosity are more likely to engage in risky health behaviors.
A Newton Div-Curl Least-Squares Finite Element Method for the Elliptic Monge–Ampère Equation
Authors: Westphal Chad R.
Published: June 2019

This paper develops a new finite element approach for the efficient approximation of classical solutions of the elliptic Monge–Ampère equation.
We use an outer Newton-like linearization and a first-order system least-squares reformulation at the continuous level to define a sequence of first-order div-curl systems.
For problems on convex domains with smooth and appropriately bounded data, this framework gives robust results: convergence of the nonlinear iteration in a small number of steps, and optimal finite element convergence rates with respect to the meshsize.
Numerical results using standard piecewise quadratic or cubic elements for all unknowns illustrate convergence results.
Representation theoretic realization of non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials at infinity
Authors: Feigin Evgeny , Kato Syu , Makedonskyi Ievgen
Published: June 2019

We study the non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials specialized at infinity from various points of view.
First, we define a family of modules of the Iwahori algebra whose characters are equal to the
non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials specialized at infinity. Second, we show that these modules are
isomorphic to the dual spaces of sections of certain sheaves on the semi-infinite Schubert varieties.
Third, we prove that the global versions of these modules are homologically dual to the level one
affine Demazure modules for simply-laced Dynkin types except for type

E
8

{\mathrm{E}_{8}}

.
On a topology property for the moduli space of Kapustin–Witten equations
Authors: Huang Teng
Published: June 2019

In this article, we study the Kapustin–Witten equations on a closed, simply connected, four-dimensional manifold which were introduced by Kapustin and Witten. We use Taubes’ compactness theorem [C. H. Taubes, Compactness theorems forSL⁢(2;ℂ){\mathrm{SL}(2;\mathbb{C})}generalizations of the 4-dimensional anti-self dual equations, preprint 2014,https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.6447v4] to prove that if(A,ϕ){(A,\phi)}is a smooth solution to the Kapustin–Witten equations and the connectionAis closed to agenericASD connectionA∞{A_{\infty}}, then(A,ϕ){(A,\phi)}must be a trivial solution. We also prove that the moduli space of the solutions to the Kapustin–Witten equations is non-connected if the connections on the compactification of moduli space of ASD connections are allgeneric. At last, we extend the results for the Kapustin–Witten equations to other equations on gauge theory such as the Hitchin–Simpson equations and the Vafa–Witten on a compact Kähler surface.
Selberg integral over local fields
Authors: Fu Zenan , Zhu Yongchang
Published: June 2019

We prove a version of the Selberg integral formula for local fields of characteristic zero.
RCS Enhancement of Dielectric Resonator Tag Using Spherical Lens
Authors: Alhaj Abbas Ali , El-Absi Mohammed , Abuelhaija Ashraf , Solbach Klaus , Kaiser Thomas
Published: June 2019

The RCS of flat cylindrical Dielectric Resonators (DR) is investigated and found to be too low for an application of the resonators as tags in a novel indoor localization system at mm-wave frequencies. As a method to increase the RCS of a DR tag, we propose the combination with a constant-index spherical lens. The collimation and scattering properties of this lens type are found suitable for a combination with DRs. The optimum relative permittivity of the lens is found in the range of ϵr=1.6 to 2.8 and the optimum distance between lens surface and DR is found slightly larger than the radius of the DR. RCS enhancement is found to vary with the modes of the DR but increases approximately with the fourth power of the lens radius. However, RCS signatures become corrupted by scattering due to mismatch effects of large lenses such that the lens diameter has to be limited to 4 to 5 wavelengths with the RCS enhancement limited to about 30 to 35 dB. Simulation and experimental verification are performed at a down-scaled frequency range from 4 GHz to 7 GHz using lenses of 60 mm and 120 mm diameter made of paraffin wax.
Idempotent matrices with invertible transpose
Authors: Călugăreanu Grigore
Published: June 2019

We prove that if the transpose of every

2
×
2

{2\times 2}

idempotent matrix over a division
ring D, different from the identity matrix, is not invertible, then D is
commutative.
Effect of pH on Protein Extraction from Mahaleb Kernels and Functional Properties of Resulting Protein Concentrate
Authors: Güzel Melih , Çelik Mehtap , Yildirim Metin
Published: June 2019

The aims of this research were to examine the effect of pH on extraction of proteins from mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) kernels, and to investigate the functional properties of resulting protein concentrate. The optimum pH values for the protein extraction and precipitation were determined as 10.0 and 4.5, respectively. The protein concentrate containing 92.73% dry matter, 6.29% ash, 6.02% carbohydrate, 1.42% fat and 73.11% protein was produced by using these extraction and precipitation pH values. Water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity and the least gelling concentration of the protein concentrate were 2.81 g water/g, 1.66 g oil/g and 12%, respectively. Moreover, emulsifying activity and stability indices, foaming capacity and stability of protein concentrate were 27.21 m2/g, 81.05 min, 43.75% and 71.33% (after 30 min), respectively. The functional and chemical properties of the protein concentrate indicate that it may find application as functional ingredient for various food products.
When is she a woman?: Gendered subject forming language in TRAP laws
Authors: Rupp Nathan Black
Published: June 2019

This article examines the ways in which states can exercise dispersed disciplinary power as exemplified in a selective erasure of gender from Indiana’s Targeted Regulations of Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws. To do this, this article investigates a critical discourse analysis using Indiana’s TRAP laws that have been brought to the floor of the state legislature from 2013–2018. The major narrative present throughout these texts is an intentional re-framing of gendered subjectivity or who gets to be called “woman”. Such state-driven discourse has the power to regulate social norms. Such norms and language assumptions often find their way into policy, including those defining how women can act or not act in regard to the termination of a pregnancy. Thus, by examining how TRAP laws deploy certain discourse, one better understands how the state, via legislation, takes an active role in controlling the public sphere by becoming an institutionalized pattern of interpretation.
Recovering Moho constituents from satellite altimetry and gravimetric data for Europe and surroundings
Authors: Abrehdary M. , Sjöberg L. E.
Published: June 2019

In this research, we present a local Moho model, named MOHV19, including Moho depth and Moho density contrast (or shortly Moho constituents) with corresponding uncertainties, which are mapped from altimetric and gravimetric data (DSNSC08) in addition to seismic tomographic (CRUST1.0) and Earth topographic data (Earth2014) to a resolution of 1° × 1° based on a solution of Vening Meinesz-Moritz’ theory of isostasy. The MOHV19 model covers the area of entire European plate along with the surrounding oceans, bounded by latitudes (30 °N–82 °N) and longitudes (40 °W–70 °E). The article aims to interpret the Moho model resulted via altimetric and gravimetric information from the geological and geophysical perspectives along with investigating the relation between the Moho depth and Moho density contrast. Our numerical results show that estimated Moho depths range from 7.5 to 57.9 km with continental and oceanic averages of 41.3 ± 4.9 km and 21.6 ± 9.2 km, respectively, and an overall average of 30.9 ± 12.3 km. The estimated Moho density contrast ranges from 60.2 to 565.8 kg/m3, with averages of 421.8 ± 57.9 and 284.4 ± 62.9 kg/m3 for continental and oceanic regions, respectively, with a total average of 350.3 ± 91.5 kg/m3. In most areas, estimated uncertainties in the Moho constituents are less than 3 km and 40 kg/m3, respectively, but they reach to much more significant values under Iceland, parts of Gulf of Bothnia and along the Kvitoya Island. Comparing the Moho depths estimated by MOHV19 and those derived by CRUST1.0, MDN07, GRAD09 and MD19 models shows that MOHV19 agree fairly well with CRUST1.0 but rather poor with other models. The RMS difference between the Moho density contrasts estimated by MOHV19 and CRUST1.0 models is 49.45 kg/m3.
A Divine Couple: Demeter Malophoros and Zeus Meilichios in Selinus
Authors: Stallsmith Allaire B.
Published: June 2019

This paper concerns a collection of rough-hewn flat stelae excavated from the precinct of Zeus Meilichios in Selinus, Sicily between 1915 and 1926, a majority with two heads or busts, one male and one female, carved at their tops. These crudely fashioned idols are unique in their iconography. They combine the flat inscribed Punic stela with the Greek figural tradition, with some indigenous features. Their meaning is totally obscure – especially since they lack any literary reference. No comparable monuments have been found in ancient Mediterranean cult. The twin stelae were often set up above a collection of burnt rodent and bird bones, ashes, lamps, broken and burnt pottery and terracotta figurines, as a memorial of a sacrifice. The stelae were the objects of a gentilicial cult, similar to that posited for the inscribed “Meilichios stones” with which they shared the Field of Stelae of Zeus Meilichios. The theory advanced here interprets these diminutive stelae (average height 30 cm) as the objects of domestic cult. It was customary in many parts of the ancient Mediterranean, from the Bronze Age down to the Roman period, to venerate household or family gods who protected the health and the wealth of the family. They were thought to embody the spirits of the ancestors and could at times be identified with the gods of the state religion.

This divine couple whose effigies were dedicated in the Field of Stelae over a period of four centuries, into the third century, cannot be claimed as Greek or Punic deities. What these nameless protectors of the family were called we cannot say: Meilichios and Meilichia, Father and Mother, or Lord and Lady of the household? As the objects of such a personal domestic cult, their names might have differed with each family.
Involvement of proinflammatory cytokines and metallothionein in the repairing of arsenic-mediated uterine tissue damage by curcumin
Authors: Perveen Hasina , Chattopadhyay Sandip , Maity Moulima , Dash Moumita , Islam Syed Sirajul
Published: June 2019

Background

Curcumin is extensively used as a therapeutic intervention for treating several ailments. The antioxidant curcumin has an anti-inflammatory and chelating property with arsenic to exhibit a strong therapeutic effect on reproductive organs. This study was undertaken to describe the protective effect of noninvasive administration of curcumin against sodium-arsenite-mediated uterine hazards in female Wistar rats.

Methods

Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The treatment was continued for 8 days and given orally sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight) in combination with curcumin (20 mg/kg body weight).

Results

Our evaluation revealed that 8 days of sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight) treatment reduced the activities of the uterine enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Blood levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid decreased followed by an increased serum lactate dehydrogenase, homocysteine level, and hepatic metallothionein-1 in arsenic-treated rats. Necrosis of uterine tissue along with the disruption of ovarian steroidogenesis was marked in arsenic-treated rats with an upregulation of uterine NF-κB and IL-6 along with a raised level of serum TNF-α. Oral administration of curcumin (20 mg/kg body weight/day) in arsenic-treated rats significantly reinstated these alterations of the antioxidant system followed by an improvement of ovarian steroidogenesis and the circulating level of B12 and folate along with the downregulation of serum homocysteine, metallothionein-1, and cytokines.

Conclusions

The findings of this study clearly and strongly elucidated that arsenic-induced oxidative stress in uterus is linked to an alteration of inflammation-signaling biomarkers and these have been protected through the co-administration of curcumin due to its anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and antioxidant activity by the possible regulation of an S-adenosine methionine pool.
On groups whose actions on finite-dimensional CAT(0) spaces have global fixed points
Authors: Kato Motoko
Published: June 2019

We give a criterion for group elements to have fixed points with respect to a semi-simple action on a complete CAT(0) space of finite topological dimension.
As an application, we show that Thompson’s group T and various generalizations of Thompson’s group V have global fixed points when they act semi-simply on finite-dimensional complete CAT(0) spaces, while it is known that T and V act properly on infinite-dimensional CAT(0) cube complexes.
Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) Version 2.3
Authors: Madsen Curtis , Goñi Moreno Angel , P Umesh , Palchick Zachary , Roehner Nicholas , Atallah Christian , Bartley Bryan , Choi Kiri , Cox Robert Sidney , Gorochowski Thomas , Grünberg Raik , Macklin Chris , McLaughlin James , Meng Xianwei , Nguyen Tramy , Pocock Matthew , Samineni Meher , Scott-Brown James , Tarter Ysis , Zhang Michael , Zhang Zhen , Zundel Zach , Beal Jacob , Bissell Michael , Clancy Kevin , Gennari John H. , Misirli Goksel , Myers Chris , Oberortner Ernst , Sauro Herbert , Wipat Anil
Published: June 2019

Synthetic biology builds upon the techniques and successes of genetics, molecular biology, and metabolic engineering by applying engineering principles to the design of biological systems. The field still faces substantial challenges, including long development times, high rates of failure, and poor reproducibility. One method to ameliorate these problems is to improve the exchange of information about designed systems between laboratories. The synthetic biology open language (SBOL) has been developed as a standard to support the specification and exchange of biological design information in synthetic biology, filling a need not satisfied by other pre-existing standards. This document details version 2.3.0 of SBOL, which builds upon version 2.2.0 published in last year’s JIB Standards in Systems Biology special issue. In particular, SBOL 2.3.0 includes means of succinctly representing sequence modifications, such as insertion, deletion, and replacement, an extension to support organization and attachment of experimental data derived from designs, and an extension for describing numerical parameters of design elements. The new version also includes specifying types of synthetic biology activities, unambiguous locations for sequences with multiple encodings, refinement of a number of validation rules, improved figures and examples, and clarification on a number of issues related to the use of external ontology terms.
Mental-Map Preserving Visualisation of Partitioned Networks in Vanted
Authors: Garkov Dimitar , Klein Karsten , Klukas Christian , Schreiber Falk
Published: June 2019

Biological networks can be large and complex, often consisting of different sub-networks or parts. Separation of networks into parts, network partitioning and layouts of overview and sub-graphs are of importance for understandable visualisations of those networks. This article presents NetPartVis to visualise non-overlapping clusters or partitions of graphs in the Vanted framework based on a method for laying out overview graph and several sub-graphs (partitions) in a coordinated, mental-map preserving way.
Inverse source problem for a distributed-order time fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Cheng Xiaoliang , Yuan Lele , Liang Kewei
Published: June 2019

This paper studies an inverse source problem for a time fractional diffusion equation with the distributed order Caputo derivative.
The space-dependent source term is recovered from a noisy final data.
The uniqueness, ill-posedness and a conditional stability for this inverse source problem are obtained.
The inverse problem is formulated into a minimization functional with Tikhonov regularization method.
Further, based on the series representation of the regularized solution, we give convergence rates of the regularized solution under an a-priori and an a-posteriori regularization parameter choice rule.
With an adjoint technique for computing the gradient of the regularization functional, the conjugate gradient method is applied to reconstruct the space-dependent source term.
Two numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Tikhonov regularization with ℓ0-term complementing a~convex penalty: ℓ1-convergence under sparsity constraints
Authors: Wang Wei , Lu Shuai , Hofmann Bernd , Cheng Jin
Published: June 2019

Measuring the error by anℓ1{\ell^{1}}-norm, we analyze under sparsity assumptions anℓ0{\ell^{0}}-regularization approach, where the penalty in the Tikhonov functional is complemented by a general stabilizing convex functional. In this context, ill-posed operator equationsA⁢x=y{Ax=y}with an injective and bounded linear operatorAmapping betweenℓ2{\ell^{2}}and a Banach spaceYare regularized. For sparse solutions, error estimates as well as linear and sublinear convergence rates are derived based on a variational inequality approach, where the regularization parameter can be chosen either a priori in an appropriate way or a posteriori by the sequential discrepancy principle. To further illustrate the balance between theℓ0{\ell^{0}}-term and the complementing convex penalty, the important special case of theℓ2{\ell^{2}}-norm square penalty is investigated showing explicit dependence between both terms. Finally, some numerical experiments verify and illustrate the sparsity promoting properties of corresponding regularized solutions.