bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating daily surface NO2 concentrations from satellite data - A case study over Hong Kong using land use regression models
Authors: Anand Jasdeep S , Monks Paul S
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Land Use Regression (LUR) models have been used in epidemiology to determine the fine-scale spatial variation in air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in cities and larger regions. However, they are often limited in their temporal resolution, which may potentially be rectified by employing the synoptic coverage provided by satellite measurements. In this work a mixed effects LUR model is developed to model daily surface NO2 concentrations over the Hong Kong SAR during 2005-2015. In-situ measurements from the Hong Kong Air Quality Monitoring Network, along with tropospheric vertical column density (VCD) data from the OMI, GOME-2A and SCIAMACHY satellite instruments were combined with fine-scale land use parameters to provide the spatiotemporal information necessary to predict daily surface concentrations. Cross-validation with the in-situ data shows that the mixed effect LUR model using OMI data has a high predictive power (adj. R2 = 0.84), especially when compared with surface concentrations derived using the MACC-II reanalysis model dataset (adj. R2 = 0.11). Time series analysis shows no statistically significant trend in NO2 concentrations during 2005-2015, despite a reported decline in NOx emissions. This study demonstrates the utility in combining satellite data with LUR models to derive daily maps of ambient surface NO2 for use in exposure studies.
Urbanization-induced urban heat island and aerosol effects on climate extremes in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China
Authors: Zhong Shi , Qian Yun , Zhao Chun , Leung Ruby , Wang Hailong , Yang Ben , Fan Jiwen , Yan Huiping , Yang Xiu-Qun , Liu Dongqing
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The WRF-Chem model coupled with a single-layer Urban Canopy Model (UCM) is integrated for 5 years at convection-permitting scale to investigate the individual and combined impacts of urbanization-induced changes in land cover and pollutants emission on regional climate in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in eastern China. Simulations with the urbanization effects reasonably reproduced the observed features of temperature and precipitation in the YRD region. Urbanization over the YRD induces an Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, which increases the surface temperature by 0.53 °C in summer and increases the annual heat wave days at a rate of 3.7 d/yr in the major megacities in the YRD, accompanied by intensified heat stress. In winter, the near-surface air temperature increases by approximately 0.7 °C over commercial areas in the cities but decreases in the surrounding areas. Radiative effects of aerosols tend to cool the surface air by reducing net shortwave radiation at the surface. Compared to the more localized UHI effect, aerosol effects on solar radiation and temperature influence a much larger area, especially downwind of the city-cluster in the YRD. Results also show that the UHI increases the frequency of extreme summer precipitation by strengthening the convergence and updrafts over urbanized areas in the afternoon, which favor the development of deep convection. In contrast, the radiative forcing of aerosols results in a surface cooling and upper atmospheric heating, which enhances atmospheric stability and suppresses convection. The combined effects of the UHI and aerosols on precipitation depend on synoptic conditions. Two rainfall events under two typical but different synoptic weather patterns are further analyzed and the results suggest that synoptic forcing plays a significant role in modulating the urbanization-induced land-cover and aerosol effects on individual rainfall event. Hence precipitation changes due to urbanization effects may offset each other under different synoptic conditions, resulting in little changes in mean precipitation at longer time scales.
Variations in triple isotope composition of dissolved oxygen and primary production in a subtropical reservoir
Authors: Jurikova Hana , Guha Tania , Abe Osamu , Shiah Fuh-Kwo , Wang Chung-Ho , Liang Mao-Chang
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Lakes and reservoirs play an important role in the carbon cycle, and therefore monitoring their metabolic rates is essential. The triple oxygen-isotope anomaly of dissolved O2 [17Δ =  ln(1+δ17O) − 0.518  ×  ln(1 + δ18O)] offers a new, in situ, perspective on primary production, yet little is known about 17Δ from freshwater systems. We investigated the 17Δ together with the oxygen : argon ratio [Δ(O2 ∕ Ar)] in the subtropical Feitsui Reservoir in Taiwan from June 2014 to July 2015. Here, we present the seasonal variations in 17Δ, GP (gross production), NP (net production) and the NP ∕ GP (net to gross ratio) in association with environmental parameters. The 17Δ varied with depth and season, with values ranging between 26 and 205 per meg. The GP rates were observed to be higher (702 ± 107 mg C m−2 d−1) in winter than those (303 ± 66 mg C m−2 d−1) recorded during the summer. The overall averaged GP was 220 g C m−2 yr−1 and NP was −3 g C m−2 yr−1, implying the reservoir was net heterotrophic on an annual basis. This is due to negative NP rates from October to February (−198 ± 78 mg C m−2 d−1). Comparisons between GP rates obtained from the isotope mass balance approach and 14C bottle incubation method (14C–GP) showed consistent values on the same order of magnitude with a GP ∕ 14C–GP ratio of 1.2 ± 1.1. Finally we noted that, although typhoon occurrences were scarce, higher than average 17Δ values and GP rates were recorded after typhoon events.
Glaciation's topographic control on Holocene erosion at the eastern edge of the Alps
Authors: Dixon Jean L. , von Blanckenburg Friedhelm , Stüwe Kurt , Christl Marcus
Published: December 2016

Abstract. What is the influence of glacial processes in driving erosion and uplift across the European Alps? It has largely been argued that repeated erosion and glaciation sustain isostatic uplift and topography in a decaying orogen. But some parts of the Alps may still be actively uplifting via deep lithospheric processes. We add insight to this debate by isolating the role of post-glacial topographic forcing on erosion rates. To do this, we quantify the topographic signature of past glaciation on millennial-scale erosion rates in previously glaciated and unglaciated catchments at the easternmost edge of the Austrian Alps. Newly measured catchment-wide erosion rates, determined from cosmogenic 10Be in river-borne quartz, correlate with basin relief and mean slope. GIS-derived slope–elevation and slope–area distributions across catchments provide clear topographic indicators of the degree of glacial preconditioning, which further correlates with erosion rates. Erosion rates in the easternmost, non-glaciated basins range from 40 to 150 mm ky−1 and likely reflect underlying tectonic forcings in this region, which have previously been attributed to recent (post 5 Ma) uplift. By contrast, erosion rates in previously glaciated catchments range from 170 to 240 mm ky−1 and reflect the erosional response to local topographic preconditioning by repeated glaciations. Together, these data suggest that Holocene erosion across the Eastern Alps is strongly shaped by the local topography relict from previous glaciations. Broader, landscape-wide forcings, such as the widely debated deep mantle-driven or isostatically driven uplift, result in lesser controls on both topography and erosion rates in this region. Comparing our data to previously published erosion rates across the Alps, we show that post-glacial erosion rates vary across more than 2 orders of magnitude. This high variation in post-glacial erosion may reflect combined effects of direct tectonic and modern climatic forcings but is strongly overprinted by past glacial climate and its topographic legacy.
Active magnetic levitation and 3-D position measurement for a ball viscometer
Authors: Feichtinger Friedrich , Clara Stefan , Niedermayer Alexander O. , Voglhuber-Brunnmaier Thomas , Jakoby Bernhard
Published: December 2016

Abstract. We present a new technique for 3-D position sensing and active magnetic levitation of a steel ball for use in a levitating ball viscometer. In order to achieve a stable levitation, a very sensitive positioning measurement system is mandatory. For this task the differential transformer principle was chosen to realize a 3-D position measurement. This leads to a purely magnetic sensor and actuator system without the need for other transducer types such as optical readout. The actuation utilizes power efficient switch-mode electronic circuitry which opens the possibility of upscaling the device, if demanded, for future applications. It is shown that this switch-mode actuation can be combined directly with the position measurement when special switching patterns are applied. A position resolution of  ∼  100 µm in all three axial directions at a sample rate of 476.19 Hz is achieved. For viscosity sensing, the steel ball is magnetically driven to orbital movements of variable revolution frequency of up to 2.5 Hz within a fluid chamber. The frequency response is analyzed and related to the shear viscosity of the fluid under test. As a proof of concept, measurements in various viscous liquids were performed with the prototype, showing promising results in the range of 1–10 mPa s. The principle may also be of interest for applications beyond viscosity sensing, such as fluid mixers, or as actuators in microfluidic devices.
Authors: Liutikienė Rasa , Žiliukas Geriuldas
Published: December 2016

Labor, as a life event, is characterized by tremendous
physiological and psychological changes that
require major behavioral adjustments in a short period
of time. These changes may negatively impact
the state of the pregnant woman and the fetus and
may even complicate pregnancy and childbirth. Clinically
significant fear of childbirth is estimated to
affect 20-25% of pregnant women and the prevalence
of pathological fear is thought to be 6-10%.
Objective. To examine the influence of fear of
childbirth on the process of delivery and the choice
of analgesia.
Methods. The study composed of two stages was
carried. During the first stage of this study 245 lowrisk
pregnant women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy
completed A version of The Wijma Delivery
Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ)
and the fear of childbirth was evaluated. During the
second stage of the study medical records (including
information about the exact time of labor, the beginning
of labor, duration of labor, labor progress,
mode of delivery, the medicinal pain relief used during
delivery) of 189 respondents were examined.
Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 17.0.
Results. Study showed that the majority of respondents
(47,8 %) experienced moderate fear, 34,7%
respondents suffered from severe fear, 16,3% respondents
experienced mild fear, while 1,2% respondents
suffered from pathological fear. Severe
fear was more common in unemployed, single women
and women with lower education. The fear of
childbirth intensifies closer to the birth. Statistically
significant links between the fear of childbirth
and the beginning of spontaneous labor, premature
rupture of membranes, induced labor and the use
medicinal pain relief have been found. The study
could not show an important connection between
the mode of delivery and the fear of childbirth. However,
respondents who had vacuum delivery were
experiencing higher level of fear of childbirth than
those respondents who had spontaneous delivery or
caesarean section.
Conclusions. Pregnant women experience moderate
or severe fear of childbirth closer to the birth. Greater
fear of childbirth increased the risk of protracted
and inducted labor and using medicinal pain relief
during the labor. The fear of childbirth is not connected
with the mode of delivery.
Multidisciplinary Treatment Of Malignant Pleural And Peritoneal Mesothelioma In Klaipeda University Hospital. Case Report
Authors: Česas Alvydas , Šlepavičius Algirdas , Bagajevas Aleksandras , Česaitė Rugilė
Published: December 2016

Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumor of
serosal surfaces, such as the pleura, the peritoneum,
the pericardium and the tunica vaginalis. There is a
substantial interest in this disease by part of medical
community and the general public because millions
of people have been exposed to asbestos fibers, and
many articles about the dangers of asbestos had
appeared in the press. 80 percent of patients with
pleural malignant mesothelioma are male, commonly
present with a pleural effusion, associated with
breathlessness and often accompanied by chest-wall
pain (more than 60 percent of patients). The main
cause of malignant mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos
– the carcinogen associated with malignant
mesothelioma. Indeed, malignant mesothelioma
was rare before the widespread use of asbestos, and
increasing incidence worldwide is expected to peak
in 5 to 10 years.
The pathologic diagnostic of malignant mesothelioma
is very difficult even with pathology experts
in mesothelioma. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of
malignant mesothelioma is important for therapeutic
reasons. The most frequent diagnostic problem is
the differentiation of malignant mesothelioma and
adenocarcinoma – a distinction that is particularly
difficult to make when the tumor has invaded the
pleura. For many years surgery has proved to be
most useful for palliation – for example, for local
control of recurrent effusions. Debulking surgery is
used in some centers until now. Systemic chemotherapy,
cytoreductive surgery, HYPEC and multidisciplinary team discussion can help to cure or
extend survival of patients. The case report showed
successful multidisciplinary approach treatment for
young man with malignant pleural and peritoneal
mesothelioma.
Assessment Of The Dose To The Heart And The Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery For The Left Breast Radiotherapy
Authors: Plieskienė Aista , Burdulis Dainius
Published: December 2016

Radiotherapy for left breast cancer may increase
risk of cardiovascular diseases. Exposing the anterior
portion of the heart and left anterior descending
coronary artery (LAD) to the highest radiation dose
depends on individual anatomical location of these
structures.
The purpose of this work was to assess the radiation
doses delivered to the heart and the LAD for the left
sided breast cancer patients treated with 3D conformal
radiotherapy.
Thirty two randomly selected patients referred for
adjuvant radiotherapy after conservation surgery for
left sided breast cancer were evaluated. The whole
heart, the arch of the LAD (LADarch) and the whole
LAD were contoured. The radiation doses (Dmax,
Dmean) to these three anatomical cardiac structures
were evaluated.
For all 32 patients, the assessed radiotherapy plans
were acceptable based on the dose constraints to
critical structures: heart, LADarch. The average mean
doses (Dmean) to the heart are well below 5 Gy and
7,3 (range, 3,82 – 17,15 Gy) for the LADarch respectively.
For 21,9% of patients, the Dmean to the heart
and dose to the LADarch was relatively low while
the Dmean to the whole LAD was considerably higher.
Conclusion. Evaluation of the mean dose to the heart
only could lead to excessive heart irradiation.
The results of the study indicate that it is necessary
to assess the dose delivered to the whole heart
as well as to the whole LAD for evaluation of the
left breast irradiation treatment plan. This is very
important to minimise the risk of clinically significant
cardiac events after left breast radiotherapy.
Safety And Toxicity Combining Radiation Therapy With A Biologic Therapy In Locally Advanced Head And Neck Squamous Cell Cancer At The Klaipeda University Hospital Clinical Practice
Authors: Remeikienė Jurga , Plieskienė Aista , Česas Alvydas , Kasnauskienė Jūratė
Published: December 2016

We retrospectively reviewed head and neck cancer
cases, treated cetuximab concomitantly with radiotherapy
in Klaipeda University Hospital. Comparison
of acute side efects of bioradiotherapy and survival
analysis.
Fungal Brain Abscess Mimicking High Grade Glioma. Clinical Case
Authors: Liutkus Danius , Šilkūnas Darius , Staškevičius Arnas
Published: December 2016

Intracranial brain abscess is a recess of pus in the brain
[1]. Abscess may have single or multiple leasions in varies
regions of the brain [1-4]. Pus is surrounded by abscess
wall or capsule. The most common cause of brain abscess is
bacteria, as fungal infection usually occurse in patiens with
history of immunosuppression. However half of fungal infection
casses, patients had no risk factors, adjacent disease
or known immumosuppresion. Fungal brain abscess is rare
sourse of brain abscess but frequently fatal and even for
patients with no immunosuppresion [4-7]. Infection to the
central nervous system spreads in several different ways.
Hematogenous path from the lungs, gastrointestinal tract,
or directly from the sinuses, orbits and retro-parapharingialy
[4].
In this article we present a clinical case, were we
first of all suspected brain tumor for the patient but later
this diagnosis was denied by histological findings, whitch
brought us new diagnosis fungal brain abscess.
Urge Urinary Incontinence And Pelvic Organ Prolapse Treatment By Cervicosacropexy (CESA): First Steps In Lithuania
Authors: Danilevičius Mindaugas , Vasilavičiūtė Ieva , Venckus Raimundas , Janušonis Vinsas
Published: December 2016

Background. The purpose of our study is to evaluate
and present the results of the first cervicosacropexy
(CESA) in Lithuania, which was performed in Klaipeda
university hospital.
Materials and methods. For the 62 years old female
patient suffering from overactive bladder syndrome,
confirmed by urodynamic test, and II⁰ pelvic organ
prolapse (by pelvic organ prolapse quantification
classification) cervicosacropexy using polyvinylidene
fluoride (PVDF) tape was performed in Klaipeda
University Hospital in 2016. Urinary incontinence
was evaluated by voiding diary, International
Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire
- Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and Overactive Bladder
Symptom Score (OABSS), that were filled by
the patient before the surgery and 2, 4, 8 weeks after
it. Urinary urgency, episodes of urinary incontinence,
the need of sanitary pads and urinary frequency
were compared before and after the surgery. To assess
urinary incontinence impact on daily life, the
General King‘s Health Questionnaire (GKHQ) was
used before and after the procedure.
Results. After the surgery decrease of episodes of
urinary incontinence, urinary frequency during day
and night, urinary urgency and the need of sanitary
pads were observed. Moreover, the patient could
hold the urine longer after feeling the need to urinate.
Scores of ICIQ-SF and OABSS decreased.
GKHQ revealed considerable improvement in quality
of life after CESA. Social life, mental and physical health of the patient were improved, and sexual
life was unchanged.
Conclusions. After CESA surgery using PVFD tape,
functional indicators and quality of life were improved.
First results of this surgery are very good and
promising.
Operating Room Management In Klaipėda University Hospital: Prospective Analysis In 2009
Authors: Paškevičiūtė Renata , Klimavičiūtė Geda
Published: December 2016

Summary
Background: Klaipeda University Hospital performs
about 30000 surgical procedures every year.
The operating room (OR) is a major production unit
in hospital. The OR is very expensive to construct
and to operate. The goal might be thought to be full
utilization of all operating rooms during all hours
that they are staffed and available for scheduling.
Management is the ability to apply a diverse body
of knowledge to accomplish planning, organizing,
staffing, leading, and controling a work group.
Methods: We decided accidentally to choose and
to analyze OR utilization. We had analyzed central
operating department consisting of 9 ORs with regularly
scheduled time 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM (8 h),
full staffed in 2009 four months period (78 workdays).
Four months (78 workdays) of data were
collected from the 9 operating rooms surveys. Holidays
and weekends were excluded.The data was
analyzed using “ Statistica” version 7.Results: There
were performed 1982 surgical procedures (elective
– 1807 (91,2%), urgent – 99 (5%), cancelled – 76
(3,8%)) during investigated period regularly scheduled
time (8 h). Actually utilized OR time of all 9
ORs was 4648 h (82,76%), it was planned to work
5616 h. Our OR utilization was 82,76% during investigated
period. Total under – utilized time was 968
h (17,36%). Surgeon estimated surgical procedure
time was longer than actual surgical procedure time,
variability of case duration between surgical teams
was high. Turnover time mean duration was 28 min.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that our central
operating department have been worked efficiently
(OR utilization was 82,76%, case cancellation
rate was 3,8%, mean turnover time was 28 min, prolonged
turnovers were less than 10%) in 2009 (four
month period).
El alma rusa en el imaginario español de la Edad de Plata: resonancias musicales y coreográficas (1914-1923)
Authors: Martínez del Fresno Beatriz
Published: December 2016

A través del análisis de la prensa y las revistas especializadas se estudia la recepción del sinfonismo y de los espectáculos coreográficos rusos en Madrid entre el estallido de la Gran Guerra (julio de 1914) y el inicio de la dictadura de Miguel Primo de Rivera (septiembre de 1923). El artículo responde a un doble objetivo: valorar el papel de la música rusa en la capital durante un período crucial de la historia en que los españoles se dividieron en aliadófilos y germanófilos, y detectar algunas facetas singulares del imaginario ruso construido alrededor de la música y la danza, que a su vez sirvió como referente y espejo en la búsqueda de una identidad musical española. Con el examen detallado de ese período se pretende contribuir a una mejor apreciación de la transferencia cultural rusa y soviética en la España de la emblemática Edad de Plata.
De ‘Niños de la Guerra’ a jóvenes soviéticos: Educación, Aculturación y Paternalismo, 1939-1945
Authors: D. Qualls Karl
Published: December 2016

En este artículo se aborda la huida de la guerra civil protagonizada por casi tres mil niños entre 1937 y 1938, analizando cómo se emanciparon de las escuelas fundadas para ellos en la Unión Soviética y se incorporaron a la educación superior o a la mano de obra. Los estudios españoles previamente publicados recogen numerosos testimonios orales, pero no explotan los cuantiosos archivos de Moscú. Este trabajo, en cambio, emplea tanto fuentes rusas como testimonios orales españoles para mostrar de qué manera estas escuelas soviéticas fracasaron en la preparación de los estudiantes de cara a la vida adulta e independiente. Los niños no alcanzaron un buen nivel de ruso y las esmeradas atenciones de los internados no consiguieron inculcarles independencia ni hacerles ver la vida privilegiada que estaban viviendo en comparación con el ciudadano soviético medio, con quien los niños trabajarían en un futuro.
El contenido, la forma y la palabra. El debate obrerista en torno a la democracia y el parlamentarismo en el período de entreguerras
Authors: Montes Gómez Pablo
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo busca explorar las conexiones entre el proceso de democratización y las clases populares en la disolución de la Restauración hasta la República. Contrariamente a lo habitualmente considerado, aquí defenderemos que dicho proceso conducente al 14 de abril partió desde abajo hacia arriba, lo fue de tiempo largo –madurando durante la dictadura– y su agente hegemónico (al menos en Barcelona) fue el obrerismo. Para ello, analizaremos la lectura de la democracia en los estudios y repasaremos algunos de los consensos historiográficos del período, al tiempo que observaremos la concepción democrática presente en el movimiento obrero.
“Los hijos del vicio”. El problema del niño expósito y la modernización de la Inclusa en España durante el cambio de los siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Sánchez Villa Mario César
Published: December 2016

A lo largo del siglo XIX, las altas cifras de mortalidad de expósitos pusieron en evidencia la necesidad de emprender una serie de reformas dirigidas a mejorar las condiciones sanitarias de las inclusas y la implementación de medidas de apoyo a la maternidad. Conforme a ello, los médicos españoles plantearon un proyecto de medicalización de la Inclusa, cuya materialización asistencial se vio seriamente marcada por el peso del viejo prejuicio que valoraba al niño expósito como “hijo del vicio”, privilegiando un modelo de reforma en el que el cuidado de las condiciones morales de los niños siguió teniendo un carácter prioritario con respecto a la obtención de asistencia material.
Patrimonio Arqueológico en riesgo: conservación, destrucción y perspectivas de conservación de sitios precolombinos en Trujillo, Perú
Authors: Gamboa Jorge
Published: December 2016

El patrimonio arqueológico prehispánico de Trujillo, en el norte peruano, es desde fines del siglo XX un símbolo conjunto de identidad y desarrollo turístico. Sin embargo, la expansión de la ciudad, un proceso iniciado en la década de 1950, ha ocasionado una creciente presión sobre numerosos sitios arqueológicos localizados en áreas sometidas a rápida transformación del terreno para la construcción de viviendas. El artículo evalúa los diversos reclamos visibles –comunitarios, profesionales, y políticos– en el manejo de los sitios patrimoniales localizados en la periferia urbana y examina el rol potencial de esos lugares para el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de las poblaciones involucradas. Aunque el panorama no se presenta prometedor, explorar sus particularidades nos conduce a una nueva y más amplia perspectiva sobre el papel de la preservación del patrimonio arqueológico para los habitantes de esa ciudad.
Estrategias de compromiso en los "oppida" de la Edad del Hierro de la Meseta Norte española
Authors: Álvarez Sanchís Jesús R. , Rodríguez Hernández Jesús
Published: December 2016

Los oppida de finales de la Edad del Hierro constituyen un ejemplo excelente de sitios patrimoniales que, por su propia naturaleza, deben considerarse paisajes activos para poder asegurar su sostenibilidad. Este trabajo se centra en dos áreas de la Meseta Norte, el valle Amblés (Ávila) y el oppidum de Pintia (Valladolid). Con investigaciones arqueológicas en curso, ambos representan la variedad de un fenómeno típico de la Prehistoria Final y los distintos modos en los que estos sitios y paisajes son investigados, comprendidos y gestionados hoy en día.
El impacto de las prácticas neo-gerencialistas en las trayectorias científicas de hombres y mujeres en tiempos de crisis
Authors: González Ramos Ana María , Conesa Carpintero Ester , Vayreda i Duran Agnès
Published: December 2016

lugar a profundos cambios en los modelos de carrera científica de hombres y mujeres. Actualmente, sus trayectorias se caracterizan por una intensa movilidad internacional y un modelo de progresión individualizada, puesto que las carreras profesionales no son sostenidas en una sola institución. La excelencia científica es el marco justificativo, ya que sólo aquellas personas que consigan un mayor número de méritos individuales podrán alcanzar las categorías superiores de la carrera profesional. Las políticas de austeridad imponen una constricción adicional, ya que los recursos para financiar nuevas incorporaciones e impulsar los procesos de promoción del personal de investigación se han reducido significativamente. Este trabajo se centra en las estrategias utilizadas por hombres y mujeres procedentes de distintas instituciones científicas donde operan diversos factores contextuales como las culturas científicas, el impacto de la crisis, etc. Los resultados muestran una variedad de situaciones sociales de hombres y mujeres en las instituciones científicas que, sin embargo, tratan de enfrentar las metas y prácticas que definen la excelencia científica.
"What kept me going was stubbornness”: Perspectives from Swedish early career women academics in geography
Authors: Caretta Martina Angela , Webster Natasha Alexandra
Published: December 2016

The rise of neoliberalism is creating inequalities for women as they balance their private lives and career trajectories. Geography as a middle sized discipline bridging the social and physical sciences offers insights into the ways neoliberal policies are felt by early career women (ECW). Using a life course model, this study presents the results of a workshop which sought to explore the ways in which women geographers, in Sweden, perceive and experience obstacles in their career advancement and which coping strategies they put in place to overcome those. The results show the blurring of the ECW ´s work and private lives. We find the experiences of ECW in Swedish geography departments are consistent with those of women in other countries. We conclude that ECW carry extra burdens in their career trajectories as academics due to unsupportive working environments, lack of mentorship, and an increasing pressure to produce measurable outputs and precarious employment. We argue that initiatives and programs aimed at retaining women in academia need to take on a broader perspective acknowledging the entanglement of women´s private and public spheres.
Is gender mainstreaming helping women scientists? Evidences from research policies in Spain
Authors: Alonso Alba , Diz Isabel , Lois Marta
Published: December 2016

Literature has repeatedly shown that gender mainstreaming is far from being transformative and smoothly introduced. It is rather a contested strategy, leading to steady impacts on changing routines and gendering policy outcomes. However, research policies have appeared to be one of the issues areas where a gender perspective has been introduced. This is the case for Spanish research policies, which have been assessed to promote the inclusion of women in the R&D system. This article explores these emerging shifts in order to explore the problem for women in science and the solutions proposed to solve it. In addition, it seeks to examine whether these measures can potentially help women to get an equal position in science or whether they are addressing the wrong targets. To do so, this work draws on a survey of doctoral and postdoctoral researchers carried out in Spain, covering 350 respondents. It captures the necessities, wills and obstacles for women scientists, and while doing that, it allows us to assess whether gender mainstreaming is likely to be effective for bringing more women to the academia.
Techos universitarios de cristal blindado
Authors: Guil Bozal Ana
Published: December 2016

Las barreras que encuentran las mujeres para ocupar las más altas posiciones profesionales están bien estudiadas, pese a lo cual persisten. La situación laboral de las mujeres ha mejorado, pero los puestos de responsabilidad siguen mayoritariamente en manos masculinas, como si los varones buscaran continuamente nuevos mecanismos de mantenerse en el poder, de manera similar a los virus que año tras se modifican para sobrevivir a las vacunas. Las barreras persisten, a pesar de que en las últimas décadas las alumnas hayan conseguido superar en cantidad y calidad a los varones entre el alumnado universitario. Las mujeres siguen sin poder acceder a las mejores posiciones académicas. Entre el profesorado universitario apenas llegan al 40% y las cátedras siguen estando masculinizadas, habiendo conseguido las mujeres llegar - después de muchos esfuerzos y algunas medidas políticas- a tan sólo el 20%, lo que se vislumbra a todas luces insuficiente dada su mayor formación. Ante este panorama, el futuro se presenta difícil, salvo que la institución universitaria decidiera hacer suya la causa de la Igualdad, pasando a asumir su importante papel referente para las nuevas generaciones, para el resto de organizaciones y para la sociedad en general.
Anti-authoritarian metrics: recursivity as a strategy for post-capitalism
Authors: Banks David Adam
Published: December 2016

This essay proposes that those seeking to build counter-power institutions and communities learn to think in terms of what I call “recursivity.” Recursivity is an anti-authoritarian metric that helps bring about a sensitivity to feedback loops at multiple levels of organization. I begin by describing how technological systems and the socio-economic order co-constitute one-another around efficiency metrics. I then go on to define recursivity as social conditions that contain within them all of the parts and practices for their maturation and expansion, and show how organizations that demonstrate recursivity, like the historical English commons, have been marginalized or destroyed all together. Finally, I show how the ownership of property is inherently antithetical to the closed loops of recursivity. All of this is bookended by a study of urban planning’s recursive beginnings.
La ética como herramienta para pensar el museo
Authors: Fernández del Amo Ignacio
Published: December 2016

El museo moderno nació en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII con una ideología particular, con formas predilectas de enfrentarse al mundo y provisto de unas habilidades y unas actitudes determinadas. Como ocurre con los seres humanos, esta suerte de código genético ha condicionado en gran medida su desarrollo posterior. Es por eso que muchos de nuestros museos se siguen presentando a sí mismos como herederos incuestionables del conocimiento enciclopédico al que aspiraron los filósofos del Siglo de las Luces. Desde su fundación han cimentado su autoridad en el dominio del conocimiento y han elaborado sus relatos a partir de un modo científico de interpretar la realidad. Este artículo persigue dos objetivos: en primer lugar, analizar la naturaleza del museo como una tecnología de la Modernidad y un instrumento de legitimación de los Estados liberales; y en segundo lugar, mostrar cómo la reflexión ética puede ayudar a estas instituciones a adoptar un nuevo papel en la sociedad del conocimiento, cuestionando las bases ideológicas del paradigma occidental. Para ello se realizará un análisis situado e interdisciplinar donde se combinarán las voces de filósofos, sociólogos, antropólogos y museólogos, de los que se extraerá una propuesta de aplicación al entorno cultural iberoamericano.
Análisis de las secciones que ocupan las noticias sobre lectura en los periódicos: ABC, El Mundo y El País (2012)
Authors: García-Delgado Belén
Published: December 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el enfoque que se da a la lectura durante el año 2012 en España. Para ello se observarán las secciones que ocupan las noticias sobre este concepto en tres de los periódicos españoles más relevantes: ABC, El Mundo y El País. De esta forma si los textos se encuentran en la sección de cultura, la lectura se habrá concebido como un proceso más tradicional, relacionado con las humanidades. Mientras que si se incluyen en la sección de Tecnología se observará como algo más actual con tintes comunicativos y sociales.
Perennial War between the three tiers of Government in Nigeria: The Revenue Sharing Question Re-examined
Authors: Chukwuemeka Emma , Aniche Alexander
Published: December 2016

The relation between the three tiers of government in Nigeria has been problematic over the years. Several commissions and committees have been set and recommendations proffered, but up till today there is still fiscal conflict among the tiers of government. The local government being the third tier of government is the worst hit and this has resulted to inability of the local government to carry out its statutory functions effectively. It is in view of this that this study examined inter-governmental relation and the performance of local government in Nigeria. The study adopted survey design, specifically descriptive research was adopted. Data was collected using questionnaire, focus group discussion. Secondary data was generated from government records and Central Bank of Nigeria. The findings revealed among other things that inter-governmental relation has to an extent helped to reduce tension among the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Also the imperfection of 1999 constitution has hampered fiscal relation in the three tiers of government in Nigeria. The study recommended among other things that effort should be made to ensure that all tiers of government adhere to fiscal transparency, accountability and constitutional provisions on fiscal relations.
The Arte and Offitio of the Pope in Italian Diplomatic Correspondence, 1464–1492
Authors: Dover Paul Marcus
Published: December 2016

This article focuses on diplomatic correspondence in order to explore the nuanced rhetorical strategies employed by foreign ambassadors to describe papal dissimulation under popes Paul II, Sixtus IV, and Innocent VIII (1464–92). Because they were aware that these popes acted largely according to the calculus of political princes, ambassadors expected to be misled by the pope and his curial or familial associates. The delicate business of reporting that the Holy Father was lying was an arte of its own, as ambassadors used a variety of formulations, describing the “sweetness” or “beauty” of the pope's words, or claiming that the pontiff had forgotten his “office” (offitio) in his pursuit of political and territorial ends.
Magical Thinking in Medieval Anti-Semitism: Usury and the Blood Libel
Authors: Arieti James A.
Published: December 2016

This article examines the specific charges against Jews in the Middle Ages that they killed Christians to use their blood in religious rituals and that they practiced usury. It argues that these and other charges were connected in the web of delusional mental associations that accompanies magical thinking. The article looks at a number of these associative links between usury and the blood libel in medieval and early Renaissance theology, philosophy, and literature, with special reference to Dante and Shakespeare.
Vínculos entre Comunicação e Educação: mídias, tecnologias, afetos | Bonds between communication and education: media, technologies and affection
Authors: Camargo Hertz Wendel de
Published: December 2016

Muito tempo antes do surgimento da internet, o ensino a distância sempre usou algum suporte midiático. As cartas e apostilas trocadas por correio, o uso do rádio e da televisão analógica para complementação de conhecimentos e formação de estudantes, grupos e comunidades são alguns dos exemplos. Em essência, o espírito do ensino a distância é levar o conhecimento até as pessoas que, por algum motivo, não podem se deslocar por longas distâncias para assistir às aulas presenciais.
As vozes da distância
Authors: Guillemet Patrick
Published: December 2016

Este texto, inspirando-se na teoria da provocação de Geneviève Jacquinot, examina as questões despertadas por uma página de Facebook criada por estudantes de uma universidade a distância no Quebec. Ele trata, sobretudo, da apropriação desta tecnologia, de sua influência sobre a automatização dos estudantes e dos problemas nos quais eles estão inseridos. Aborda, neste caso, a problemática da pesquisa sobre o abandono em formação a distância, além do desafio da inovação numa universidade de educação a distância.
Da análise sistêmica à produção de uma teoria geral: percursos de uma investigadora implicada
Authors: Thibault Françoise
Published: December 2016

É para nós uma felicidade que a rede permita que se veja e ouça o belo percurso daquela que declara, após mais de quarenta anos de trabalho sobre as tecnologias para a educação: “o estatuto da imagem é o tema essencial da minha investigação”. Sem dúvida, mas ao ouvirmos Geneviève Jacquinot, o que retemos é também o laço indefectível que ela criou entre as suas investigações e o seu empenhamento pessoal nos sistemas educativos e universitários. A entrevista que realizamos com Jacques Wallet, no dia 4 de outubro de 2006, no quadro do programa imaginado com Georges-Louis Baron: “Memórias das TICs” constitui um rico testemunho desse empenho.
MOOC: as condições do sucesso
Authors: Cisel Matthieu
Published: December 2016

“MOOCs são um produto sujo” ou, na língua de Molière, “os MOOCs são um produto de segunda categoria”. É nestes termos pouco animadores que falava, há cerca de um ano, Sebastian Thrun (SCHUMANN, 2013). Uma afirmação que surpreendeu muita gente, quando se sabe que ele foi um dos fundadores do movimento MOOC e que seu curso de inteligência artificial, primeiro do gênero, foi procurado por cerca de 160.000 estudantes (CISEL; BRUILLARD, 2012). Afirmação ainda mais surpreendente se lembrarmos de que ele lançou em 2012 a plataforma Udacity, de cursos online e em pleno desenvolvimento. Esta reviravolta se justifica, de acordo com ele, pelas altas taxas de fracasso observadas num dos MOOC da Udacity, por um público composto, na sua maior parte, por alunos em dificuldade. A polêmica instaurada por esta frase destaca a importância de definir o que é o sucesso de um MOOC e, de compreender melhor as condições nas quais ele se realiza.
Entre os dispositivos móveis interconectados e os processos de comunicação e aprendizagem ubíquas: a Educação de Jovens e Adultos na modalidade EAD
Authors: Gabriel Valéria Cristina Castro , Fofonca Eduardo , Maciel Patrícia Daniela
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo será discutida a dimensão educativa do uso dos dispositivos móveis, como tablets, smartphones e celulares no processo de aprendizagem ubíqua. Com base nos estudos de Pellanda (2009) e Santaella (2013) e no campo do diálogo da Educação a Distância com a Comunicação, assim como através de outras contribuições teóricas que possibilitam novas perspectivas nesta interface. Para tanto, serão analisados os processos da aprendizagem de um grupo de 61 estudantes de cursos de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) ministrado por meio da Educação a Distância (EAD). Metodologicamente, a análise deu-se a partir da aplicação de entrevistas e questionários encaminhados por e-mail, em que se objetivou analisar como os estudantes são mediados, através de dispositivos móveis, selecionando e sistematizando o conhecimento. Com esta análise concluiu-se que, praticamente, a metade dos estudantes pesquisados utiliza os dispositivos móveis como ferramenta para aprender, reconhecendo as características de dinamicidade, interatividade e autonomia propiciadas pela Internet, aproximando os indivíduos da capacidade de pesquisar e estudar no ciberespaço e, desse modo, construindo conhecimentos.
Materiais didáticos digitais na educação a distância: o uso do hipertexto como elemento interativo
Authors: Ramires Jamur Helenice , Da Silva Brito Glaucia
Published: December 2016

Este estudo analisa o uso do hipertexto como forma de interação em materiais didáticos produzidos para a cursos na modalidade da Educação a Distância (EaD). A problemática discutida pode ser resumida no seguinte: quais recursos hipertextuais devem ser considerados na produção dos materiais didáticos digitais? Considera-se o objetivo geral deste estudo o levantamento qualitativo quanto ao uso dos elementos hipertextuais em materiais didáticos digitais, produzidos para os cursos na modalidade de EaD, como forma de interação. A metodologia utilizada foi de abordagem qualitativa, dividida em duas fases. A primeira fase foi um estudo exploratório e a segunda uma análise documental dos materiais de duas instituições. Os resultados apontam para o uso do hipertexto potencial e colaborativo, não se observou o uso do hipertexto cooperativo.
O Te Deum de José Pedro de Sant’Anna Gomes
Authors: Virmond Marcos
Published: December 2016

José Pedro de Sant’Anna Gomes nasceu em Campinas em 1834 e veio a falecer em 1908. Sant’Anna Gomes teve importante atividade na música de concerto e de salão, além de professor de música, juiz de paz e empreendedor. A produção musical de Sant’Anna Gomes ainda não foi devidamente explorada. Felizmente, seus manuscritos se encontram bem preservados no Museu Carlos Gomes em Campinas, SP, prontos para uma devida análise e transcrição musicológica que os disponibilize ao público. Assim, este estudo objetivou discutir o Te Deum para vozes e orquestra desse compositor baseando-se uma edição critica. Para tal, foram utilizadas fontes primárias e secundárias disponíveis no Museu Carlos Gomes em Campinas. A reconstrução levou em conta princípios de analise musical, paleografia musical e o produto final foi realizado em ambiente de editor musical profissional como FINALE©. Com isto, espera-se difundir a obra de um compositor de farta atividade fora do eixo das capitais do Brasil Império e República e disponibilizar material para uso de musicólogos e para performances.
Piquete do Caveira: análise musical e hibridismo na música popular do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Da Silva Danilo Kuhn , Medeiros Daniel Ribeiro
Published: December 2016

O principal objetivo deste trabalho está em apresentar uma análise da música Piquete do Caveira (Os Almôndegas) como forma de contribuir para reflexões a respeito da compreensão do hibridismo na música popular brasileira. Primeiramente, são apresentadas reflexões e discussões que problematizam o hibridismo em música em geral e na música brasileira. Num segundo momento, a partir de autores como Canclini (2011) e Burke (2003), são discutidas as bases teórico-conceituais dessa noção, como forma de aprofundamento dos principais aspectos que a envolvem. Em seguida, apresentamos o método analítico, tendo como base teórica e conceitual a perspectiva semiológica de Tagg (1982 [2003]). Conclui-se que as relações existentes entre as reflexões teórico-conceituais levantadas, aliadas aos métodos analíticos, podem contribuir significativamente para o processo de compreensão e construção de conhecimento acerca da música popular como um todo.
Da gradação ausente à gradação harmônica: Atmosphères de György Ligeti.
Authors: Vitale Claudio
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo, fazemos uma análise das três primeiras seções (ou campos sonoros) da obra Atmosphères (1961), de György Ligeti. Estudamos a relação entre alturas, os processos de simetria, de gradação, de ilusão, e os planos harmônicos gerados a partir do jogo com a intensidade. Fazemos uma leitura da obra a partir da ideia de gradação. Este conceito, elaborado pelo autor, está embasado em pesquisas desenvolvidas em diversos campos do conhecimento humano, como a retórica, a linguística, a literatura, as artes visuais e a própria música.
Elementos de uma semiótica da narratividade musical
Authors: Hauer Christian
Published: December 2016

Para responder a questão “a que nível semiótico comunica-se a música ?”,  distinguimos três fluxos semióticos da narratividade musical. O primeiro fluxo de narratividade é chamado de “substância”: ele corresponde à narratividade primária, presente em todas as músicas, dentro do próprio som. O segundo fluxo de narratividade musical é chamado de “moldura”: ele corresponde à maneira como é organizado o tempo – problematizado – dentro de uma obra, um estilo, uma época. O terceiro fluxo de narratividade é chamado de “enredo”: ele corresponde à trama de uma obra. Após ter precisado em que isso consiste, graças ao conceito de “tensão narrativa”, nós estudamos sua realização pelo ouvinte, e mais precisamente a interação entre o leitor e o texto, insistindo em três fatores que tornam tal interação possível: a intencionalidade, a embodied simulation e as formas de vitalidade.
A atuação do serviço público na produção da paz
Authors: Martins André Amorim , Gontijo Cristina Silva , Brum Daniella Almeida Silva , Santos Cristina Alvarenga , Alves Tânia Maria Alvarenga
Published: December 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de pesquisa em que se buscou delinear osvários conceitos de paz, bem como verificar de que modo esses conceitos se apresentam em facedos responsáveis pelas secretarias municipais de uma cidade de médio porte. Os métodosutilizados foram a revisão sistemática de literatura e uma entrevista semiestruturada com osresponsáveis pelas secretarias. Como resultado, concluiu-se que os trabalhadores conseguemdescrever diversos conceitos de paz e investigou-se como esses conceitos são trabalhados por elesna prática do serviço enquanto atores públicos. Verificou-se, ainda, que a paz é utilizada comocontemplação de um lugar em construção e compreendeu-se que sua produção não diz respeito àsecretaria em que o trabalhador atua, gerando a inexistência de ações e a sua delegação para forada alçada do servidor.