bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LOS DERECHOS DE LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS. RECONOCIMIENTO Y TUTELA EN EL ÁMBITO NACIONAL E INTERNACIONAL CON ÉNFASIS EN EL SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO DE PROTECCIÓN DE DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Corado de Paz Manuel de Jesús
Published: September 2020

El objetivo principal de este artículo es discutir los derechos que se han reconocido a los pueblos indígenas, a nivel nacional e internacional, lo que implica un recorrido por diversas instancias, tanto nacionales como internacionales, y dentro de esta, distinguir también entre el Sistema Universal Derechos Humanos y Sistemas Regionales de Derechos Humanos, en particular el Sistema Interamericano. Por tanto, el método de abordaje utilizado será hipotético-deductivo y de investigación, bibliográfico y jurisprudencial.
Team Approach: Oncologic Sacrectomy
Authors: Rose Peter S. , Houdek Matthew T.
Published: September 2020

» Oncologic sacrectomy is used in the curative treatment of patients with primary sacral malignancies or select locally invasive visceral malignancies.

» A systematic surgical approach involves preoperative imaging, diagnosis, and multidisciplinary surgical execution.

» Close collaboration with pediatric, medical, and radiation oncology colleagues is often necessary to individualize treatment plans.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA BUBUK AMPAS TOMAT-APEL HASIL PENGERINGAN PEMBUSAAN BERBANTU GELOMBANG MIKRO
Authors: Widyasanti Asri - , Muchtarina Nedia Cahyati , Nurjanah Sarifah -
Published: September 2020

The needed for tomatoes was not comparable with the abundant of production, so tomato prices at the farm level were low. Tomato processing was needed to maintained and increased the selling value of tomatoes, it can be processed into tomato pulp powder. Tomato powder can be made by foam-mat drying method and to shortened the drying time can be done by using microwave oven. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the drying power used on physicochemical properties of tomato pulp powder and drying rate of foam-mat drying with microwave oven. This study conducted with laboratory experimental method with descriptive analysis. Three repetitions consisted of three treatments based on drying power used (30%, 50% and 70%). The observed parameters were total yield value, color, drying rate, drying efficiency and physicochemical properties such as color, foam density, bulk density, moisture content, ash content, water absorption index, and vitamin C content. The results showed that the average moisture content of tomato pulp was 91.73% (w.b.) and foamed tomato pulp was 90.86% (w.b.). The value of water content of tomato pulp powder ranges from 9.18% (w.b.) to 12.50% (w.b.). In this study, the best results were found in tomato pulp powder with 70% drying power without addition foaming treatment with total yield of 0.58%; 4.26 g/min drying rate; 5.86%; foam density 1 g/cm3; bulk density 0.65 g/cm3; moisture content; 9.18%; ash content 6.43%; water absorption index 19.68%; vitamin C content 154.87 mg/100g and drying efficiency was 48.27%. All of drying power used with and without foaming treatment were resulting yellow-red chromatic colour characteristic.
IDENTIFICATION OF SALT DEVELOPMENT PROBLEM : A PRELIMINARY ON UNDERSTANDING LOCAL SALT PROBLEM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Maflahah Iffan , Wirjodirdjo Budisantoso , Karningsih Putu Dana
Published: September 2020

Salt is a strategic commodity that needs to be maintained. The salt problem has not resolved, so it is necessary to find the right solution for salt development. The study was carried out in Sampang Regency as a salt-producing area which was proposed for salt approval and formulated a policy for salt development. The research method used is the DPSIR method (Driving Power /; Pressure; State; Impact; Response). The main problems with developing salt are the impartiality of local salt prices, the supply chain system, changes in pond function, climate uncertainty, and inadequate infrastructure. Efforts must be made to develop salt are the modernization of the production process, controlled of salt price regulations, market search, improvement of human resources and structuring of supporting facilities for salt production should be carried out.
Burden of stillbirths and associated factors in Yirgalem Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: a facility based cross-sectional study
Authors: Mengesha Sintayehu , Dangisso Mesay Hailu
Published: September 2020

Background Stillbirth is an adverse pregnancy outcome of public health importance causing considerable psychosocial burden on parents and their family. Studies on stillbirth are scarce in southern Ethiopia. An assessment of stillbirths and associated factors in health care settings helps in devising strategies for tailored interventions. Therefore, we assessed the burden of stillbirths and associated factors in Yirgalem Hospital, southern Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 August 2015 and 30 July 2016. We randomly selected medical records of pregnant women from a hospital delivery registry. Bivariate analysis was employed to assess the association between independent and dependent variables using chi-square with significant p-value. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for stillbirths and to control for confounding variables.Results: Of 374 reviewed records of pregnant women, 370 were included for the study. The magnitude of stillbirths was 92 per 1000 births. Fifteen (44.1%) of fetal deaths occurred after admission to the hospital. In multivariate logistic regression, stillbirths were higher among low birth-weight babies (<2500grams) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 10.70, 95% CI 3.18-35.97) than normal birth-weight babies (2500-<4000). Pregnant women who experienced a prolonged labour for more than 48 hours were 12 times (AOR: 12.15, 95% CI 1.76-84.12) more likely to have stillbirths than pregnant women without a prolonged labour. Pregnant women with obstetric complications were 19.8 times more likely to have stillbirths than pregnant women without obstetric complications. Similarly, pregnant women with at least two pregnancies were more likely to have stillbirths than pregnant women with less than two pregnancies (AOR: 4.39, 95% CI 1.21-15.85).Conclusion: We found a high burden of stillbirths in the study setting. Modifiable risk factors contributed to a higher risk of stillbirths; therefore, tailored interventions such as early identification and management of prolonged labour and obstetric complication at each level of health system could avert preventable stillbirths.
Genome-wide identification of the 14-3-3 gene family and its participation in floral transition by interacting with TFL1/FT in Apple
Authors: Zuo Xiya , Wang Shixiang , Xiang Wen , Yang Huiru , Tahir Muhammad Mobeen , Zhen Shangong , An Na , Han Mingyu , Zhao Caiping , Zhang Dong
Published: September 2020

Background: Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is one of the most popular cultivated fruit crops in China. Apple floral transition is an important process but liable to be affected by various environmental factors. The 14-3-3 proteins are involved in regulating diverse biological processes in plants, and some 14-3-3 members play vital roles in flowering. However, little information was available about the 14-3-3 members in apple.Results: In the current study, we identified eighteen 14-3-3 gene family members from the apple genome database, designated MdGF14a to MdGF14r. The isoforms possess a conserved core region comprising nine antiparallel α-helices and divergent N and C termini. According to their structural and phylogenetic features, Md14-3-3 proteins could be classified into two major evolutionary branches, the epsilon (ɛ) group and the non-epsilon (non-ɛ) group. Moreover, expression profiles derived from transcriptome data and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis showed diverse expression patterns of Md14-3-3 genes in various tissues and in response to different sugars and hormone treatments during the floral transition phase. Four Md14‑3-3 isoforms (MdGF14a, MdGF14d, MdGF14i, and MdGF14j) exhibiting prominent transcriptional responses to sugars and hormones were selected for further investigation. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments showed that the four Md14-3-3 proteins interact with key floral integrators, MdTFL1 (TERMINAL FLOWER1) and MdFT (FLOWERING LOCUS T). Subcellular localization of four selected Md14-3-3 proteins demonstrated their localization in both the cytoplasm and nucleus.Conclusion: We identified the Md14-3-3s family in apple comprehensively. Certain Md14-3-3 genes are expressed predominantly during the apple floral transition stage, and may participate in the regulation of flowering through association with flower control genes. Our results provide a preliminary framework for further investigation into the roles of Md14-3-3s in floral transition.
ADAM17 promotes the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma via upregulation MMP21
Authors: Xiang Yuqi , Liu Liyu , Wang Ying , Li Bo , Peng Jinwu , Deyun Feng
Published: September 2020

Background: The upregulation of ADAM17 has been reported to be associated with invasion and metastasis in various tumors, however the molecular mechanism of ADAM17 in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be clarified. Human matrix metalloproteinase 21 (MMP21), the newest member of the MMP gene family, has been suggested to play an important role in embryogenesis and tumor progression. So far, nothing is known about the relationship between ADAM17 and MMP21.Methods: In this study, the expression level of ADAM17 and MMP21 in HCC tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry. The Scratch wounding assay and Transwell were used to identify the invasion and metastasis ability. ELISA was used to evaluate the production of MMP21. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated a direct association between ADAM17 and MMP21. HPLC was used to conﬁrmed that ADAM17 participated in the maturation of MMP21.Results: Our present data indicated that ADAM17 and MMP21 was significantly upregulated in human HCC tissues. Knockdown of ADAM17 in HCC inhibited cell invasion and metastasis. Moreover, ADAM17 regulates the secretion and expression of MMP21. Furthermore we discovered a direct association between ADAM17 and MMP21, and we also found MMP21 prodomain could be cleaved by ADAM17.Conclusion: Our data suggest that ADAM17 plays an important role in the development of HCC invasion and metastasis and this function may be implement by MMP21.
Coevolution of Coronavirus and Paramyxovirus with Their Bat Hosts in the Same Geographical Areas
Authors: Liang Jie , Zhu Chunchao , Zhang Libiao
Published: September 2020

Background: Bat-borne viruses are relatively host specific. In this study, we investigated the coevolution of coronavirus and paramyxovirus with their bat hosts. Published nucleotide sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of 60 coronaviruses isolated from 37 bat species, the RNA polymerase large (L) gene of 36 paramyxoviruses isolated from 29 bat species, and the cytochrome B (cytB) gene of 35 bat species were analyzed for coevolution signals. Each coevolution signal detected was tested and verified by the ParaFit and PACo functions in the R program. Results: Significant coevolution signals were detected in coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses and their bat hosts, and closely related bat hosts were found to carry closely related viruses. Conclusions: Our results suggest that similar geographical distribution and close phylogenetic relationship are requisites for inter-species transmission of viruses.
Diesel Exhaust Particle Exposure Reduces Expression of the Epithelial Tight Junction Protein Tricellulin
Authors: Smyth Timothy , Veazey Janelle , Eliseeva Sophia , Chalupa David , Elder Alison , Georas Steve
Published: September 2020

Background: While exposure to diesel exhaust particles has been linked to aberrant immune responses in allergic diseases such as asthma, little attention has been paid to their effects on the airway epithelial barrier. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of diesel exhaust exposure on airway epithelial barrier function and composition using in vitro and in vivo model systems. Methods: 16HBE14o- human bronchial epithelial cells were grown on collagen coated Transwell inserts and exposed to 5 to 50 µg/cm 2 SRM 2975 diesel particulate matter (DEP) suspended in cell culture medium or vehicle controls. Changes in barrier function were assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and permeability to 4 kDa FITC Dextran. Neonatal BALB/c mice were exposed to aerosolized DEP (255 ±89 µg/m 3 ; 2 hours per day for 5 days) and changes in the tight junction protein Tricellulin were assessed two weeks post exposure. Results: A six-hour incubation of epithelial cells with diesel exhaust particles caused a significant concentration-dependent reduction in epithelial barrier integrity as measured by decreased TEER and increased permeability to 4 kDa FITC-Dextran. This reduction in epithelial barrier integrity corresponded to a significant reduction in expression of the tight junction protein Tricellulin. siRNA mediated knockdown of Tricellulin recapitulated changes in barrier function caused by DEP exposure. Neonatal exposure to aerosolized DEP caused a significant reduction in lung Tricellulin two weeks post exposure at both the protein and mRNA level. Conclusion: Short term exposure to DEP causes a significant reduction in epithelial barrier integrity through a reduction in the tight junction protein Tricellulin. Neonatal exposure to aerosolized DEP caused a significant and sustained reduction in Tricellulin protein and mRNA in the lung, suggesting that early life exposure to inhaled DEP may cause lasting changes in airway epithelial barrier function.
Expression and Prognostic Significance of the Nicotinic Receptor Cluster on 15q25 about CHRNA5 and PSMA4 mRNA in Lung Adenocarcinoma Utilizing TCGA Datasets
Authors: Wang Yuxiu , Wang Xiaolin , Wang Liping , Gu Jianjun , Gong Daohui , Jiang Jixin , Xu Xingxiang , Hu Suwei , Shu Yusheng , Min Lingfeng
Published: September 2020

Background: Genome-wide association studies of lung cancer have shown a common variation at 15q24-25.1 as a determinant of risk, but the role of specific genes has not been proven. This study aims to explore the expression of mutations and the prognostic significance of 15q25 (CHRNA5 and PSMA4) mRNA in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) based on immunohistochemistry, TCGA and bioinformatics. Methods: The expression of mutations on chromosome 15q25 of 576 primary LAC patients was selected and survival and gene expression data were extracted from TCGA. The relationship between expression of genes on 15q25 and clinical and prognostic Significance of LAC. An experiment with Beas-2b, A549 and H1299 cell lines was performed to further prove the difference in CHRNA5 and PSMA4 expression between lung cancer and normal cells. Immunohistochemistry data of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 were detected in LAC and normal tissues from 122 patients. Finally, Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to predict the regulatory genes of CHRNA5 and PSMA4. Results: CHRNA5 and PSMA4 are frequently mutated in TCGA (CHRNA5, 1.7%; PSMA4, 1.3%). Besides, the expression of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 was obviously higher in A549 and H1299 cells. And the immunohistochemical staining revealed that the levels of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 were considerably higher in the LAC group than in the normal group. Meanwhile, there was a significant association between high CHRNA5 expression and smoking history (P=0.011), smoking history pack year value (P=0.010). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between CHRNA5 and PSMA4 expression levels and prognosis (P=0.003; P=0.008), and between higher expression and worse prognosis. GSEA results suggested that between samples with high CHRNA5 and PSMA4 expression were respectively enriched to cell cycle, base excision repair, oxidative phosphorylation, protein export, and aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, among others. Conclusions: CHRNA5 and PSMA4 mRNA expression has a significant impact on the clinical and survival of LAC, and they may be a potential target for treating patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Arthroscopic Bankart Repair With Middle Glenohumeral Ligament Augmentation For The Treatment of Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instabilities
Authors: Yıldız Vahit , Topal Murat
Published: September 2020

Background: In delayed Bankart lesion cases, the joint capsule and glenoid labrum are severely retracted in chronic cases with numerous recurrent dislocations, which results in insufficient viable soft tissue for capsular plication. We have proposed that labral repair with Middle Glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) augmentation could be done to reconstruct anterior stability. In this study, we report the clinical outcomes of patients who had undergone arthroscopic MGHL augmented repair for anterior stabilization for chronic anterior dislocations. Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective study. Patients who had undergone arthroscopic MGHL augmented labral repair for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. Rowe and CONSTANT scores were used for the functional evaluation of the patients. Arthroscopic MGHL augmented labral repair is performed on each patients.The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to determine whether the data related to variables included in the analysis followed a normal distribution pattern. The paired-Samples t-test was used to evaluate data with a normal distribution Results: The mean pre-operative Rowe score was 11,19(±9,19), and the mean pre-operative CONSTANT score was 41,7 (±8,12) The data for post-operative functional assessment were recorded at the 24th month follow- up. The mean Rowe score was 92,43 (±7,14), and the CONSTANT score was 82,60 (±11,03). There was a significant improvement in CONSTANT and Rowe scores (p<0,005). We had two cases of redislocations. Conclusion: MGHL augmentation technique provided a low rate of redislocation and satisfactory functional outcomes. We recommend this technique to surgeons who perform arthroscopic shoulder instability surgeries in cases with degenerated joint capsule and labrum.
Efficacy and cardiovascular safety of the new estrogen-free contraceptive pill containing 4 mg drospirenone alone in a 24/4 regime. Cardiovascular safety of the new estrogen-free contraceptive pill containing 4 mg drospirenone alone in a 24/4 regime.
Authors: Palacios Santiago , Colli Enrico , REGIDOR PEDRO ANTONIO
Published: September 2020

Background: A new estrogen-free contraceptive has been approved by both the FDA and more than 15 European authorities. It is composed of drospirenone (DRSP) at a dosage of 4 mg in a regimen 24/4. The molecule is known to have anti-gonadotropic, anti-mineralocorticoid, anti-estrogenic, and antiandrogenic properties. The purpose of these clinical trials with a new estrogen-free contraceptive was to introduce a contraceptive method with high efficacy and showing a profile with low cardiovascular risks.Methods: Three European and American multicenter clinical trials have been conducted in more than 2,500 patients and more than 25,000 cycles, not only demonstrating an excellent efficacy (Pearl Index of 0.73) but also investigating possible cardiovascular risks. In the USA study, 422 participants (41.9 %) had a risk factor for VTE, while in the European studies, 261 patients (16.6 %) had at least one VTE risk factor. Amount of arterial and venous thromboembolic events, hemostasiological data, blood pressure development, and ECG data were evaluated. Results: No single case of VTE was documented, no changes in hemastosiological parameters were observed, a small decrease in RR in patients with pretreatment values between 130 and 140 and/or 85 to 90 mm HG and no influence on ECG parameters were observed.Conclusions: The introduction of a new estrogen-free contraceptive with 4 mg of non-micronized drospirenone in a 24/4-day regimen expands contraception options for women as not only a high efficacy could be demonstrated during clinical trials but also a very high cardiovascular safety profile was observed even in women with cardiovascular risk factors.EudraCT registration numbers: 2010-021787-15 & 2011-002396-42. Clincaltrials.gov: NCT02269241
An Improved High-Precision Frequency Estimation Algorithm
Authors: CHEN Shihong , PAN Minghai , WANG Xudong
Published: September 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to author disagreement.
Genetic polymorphisms of PGF and TNFAIP2 genes related to cervical cancer risk among Uygur females from China
Authors: Ainiwaer Zumurelaiti , Maisaidi Reyilanmu , Liu Jing , Han Lili , Husaiyin Sulaiya , Lu Jing , Niyazi Mayinuer
Published: September 2020

Background: PGF and TNFAIP2 are important angiogenic factors, which were abnormal expression in cervical cancer (CC). However, there is currently no report investigating the relationship of PGF and TNFAIP2 gene polymorphisms to CC risk.Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 342 CC patients and 498 cancer-free controls in a Chinese Uygur female population. Three SNPs (PGF rs8019391, PGF rs2268615, and TNFAIP2 rs710100) were selected and genotyped to assess the possible association of PGF and TNFAIP2 polymorphisms with CC susceptibility. Logistic regression analysis adjusted by age was used.Results: PGF rs2268615 (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.04-1.86, p = 0.024) and TNFAIP2 rs710100 (OR = 1.44, 95% CI =1.07-1.95, p = 0.018) polymorphisms were associated with the increased risk of CC. Moreover, T allele of PGF rs8019391 was highly represented in patients with stage III–IV compared with stage I-II (OR = 2.17, p = 4.58´10-4). MDR analysis revealed a positive interaction between the SNPs.Conclusion: Our data indicated that PGF rs2268615, and TNFAIP2 rs710100 polymorphisms might be risk factors for CC susceptibility, which contributed to the increased risk of CC.Trail registration: Not applicable.
Comparison Of Conjunctival Autograft And Combined Amniotic Membrane Mini-Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplantion After Primary Pterygium Excision
Authors: JHA ASHOK , Simba Abhay
Published: September 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to author disagreement.
Duodenal major papilla morphology can affect biliary cannulation and complications during ERCP, an observational study
Authors: Chen Po-Han , Tung Chun-Fang , Peng Yen-Chung , Yeh Hong-Zen , Chang Chi-Sen , Chen ChiaChang
Published: September 2020

BackgroundWe investigated whether duodenal major papilla morphology could be a risk factor for failure of selective biliary cannulation (SBC) and post endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and pancreatography (ERCP) complications.MethodsA prospectively recorded database was reviewed retrospectively. Patients were included if they received therapeutic ERCP and had naïve major duodenal papilla. We used Haraldsson’s classification for papilla morphology, as follows: Regular (Type 1), Small (Type 2), Protruding or Pendulous (Type 3) and Creased or Ridged (Type 4). Risk factors for failing SBC and post-ERCP complications were analyzed by multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 286 cases were included. Age, gender, indications and therapeutic procedures were not different among the four types of papillae. The failure rates of SBC with Type 3 papilla and Type 4 papilla were 11.11% and 6.25%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Type 2 papilla (odd ratio 7.18, p= 0.045) and Type 3 papilla (odd ratio 7.44, p= 0.016) were associated with greater SBC failure compared with Type 1 papilla. Malignant obstruction compared to stone (odds ratio 4.45, p=0.014) and age (odd ratio=1.06, p=0.010) were also risk factors for cannulation failure. Type 2 papilla was correlated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis (20%, p=0.020) compared to the other types of papilla However, papilla morphology was not a significant risk factor for any complications in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionSmall papilla and protruding or pendulous papilla are more difficult to cannulate compared to regular papilla. Small papilla is associated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Effectiveness of blended learning versus lectures alone on ECG analysis and interpretation by medical students
Authors: Viljoen Charle Andre , Millar Rob Scott , Manning Kathryn , Burch Vanessa Celeste
Published: September 2020

Background Most medical students lack confidence and are unable to accurately interpret ECGs. Thus, better methods of ECG instruction are being sought. Current literature indicates that the use of e-learning for ECG analysis and interpretation skills (ECG competence) is not superior to lecture-based teaching. We aimed to assess whether blended learning (lectures supplemented with the use of a web application) resulted in better acquisition and retention of ECG competence in medical students, compared to conventional teaching (lectures alone). Methods Two cohorts of fourth-year medical students were studied prospectively. The conventional teaching cohort (n=67) attended four hours of interactive lectures, covering the basic principles of Electrocardiography, waveform abnormalities and arrhythmias. In addition to attending the same lectures, the blended learning cohort (n=64) used a web application that facilitated deliberate practice of systematic ECG analysis and interpretation, with immediate feedback. All participants completed three tests: pre-intervention (assessing baseline ECG competence at start of clinical clerkship), immediate post-intervention (assessing acquisition of ECG competence at end of six-week clinical clerkship) and delayed post-intervention (assessing retention of ECG competence six months after clinical clerkship, without any further ECG training). Diagnostic accuracy and uncertainty were assessed in each test. Results The pre-intervention test scores were similar for blended learning and conventional teaching cohorts (mean 31.02±13.19% versus 31.23±11.52% respectively, p=0.917). While all students demonstrated meaningful improvement in ECG competence after teaching, blended learning was associated with significantly better scores, compared to conventional teaching, in immediate (75.27±16.22% vs 50.27±17.1%, p<0.001; Cohen’sd=1.58), and delayed post-intervention tests (57.70±18.54% vs 37.63±16.35%, p<0.001; Cohen’s d=1.25). Although diagnostic uncertainty decreased after ECG training in both cohorts, blended learning was associated with better confidence in ECG analysis and interpretation. Conclusion Blended learning achieved significantly better levels of ECG competence and confidence amongst medical students than conventional ECG teaching did. Although medical students undergo a significant attrition of ECG competence without ongoing training, blended learning also resulted in better retention of ECG competence than conventional teaching. Web applications encouraging a stepwise approach to ECG analysis and enabling deliberate practice with feedback may, therefore, be a useful adjunct to lectures for teaching Electrocardiography.
LINC00665 enhances tumorigenicity of endometrial carcinoma by interacting with high mobility group AT-hook 1
Authors: Liu Yun , Chang Yue , Cai Yixuan
Published: September 2020

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is a frequently diagnosed cancer among females. LncRNAs are reported to be associated with various cancers. Their biological roles in endometrial carcinoma progression is an emerging scientific area. LINC00665 can exert a significant role in many cancers. However, its potential function in endometrial carcinoma is still poorly known.Method: qRT-PCR was carried out to test expression of LINC00665 and HMGA1. Western blot analysis was carried out to detect protein expression of HMGA1. Cell proliferation was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and EdU assay. Flow cytometry assay was used to determine cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Wound healing and transwell invasion assay was carried out to test cell migration and invasion. Immunohistochemical staining and HE staining were conducted to assess Ki-67 and tumor growth respectively.Results: Expression of LINC00665 in clinical endometrial carcinoma tissues and cells was obviously up-regulated. Loss of LINC00665 could repress endometrial carcinoma cell viability, induce cell apoptosis and block cell cycle in G1 phase. KLE and HHUA cell migration and invasion ability were depressed by LINC00665 shRNA. Decrease of LINC00665 suppressed endometrial carcinoma tumorigenicity in vivo. RIP assay proved that LINC00665 directly bound with HMGA1 protein. shRNA of HMGA1 obviously restrained endometrial carcinoma cell growth and cell invasion.Conclusions: LINC00665 might promote endometrial carcinoma progression by positively modulating HMGA1.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Gastric Cancer Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Yu-xuan , He Chang-zheng , Liu Yi-chen , Zhao Peng-yue , Xu Xiao-lei , Wang Yu-feng , Xia Shao-you , Du Xiaohui
Published: September 2020

Background：The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Patients with cancer are more likely to incur poor clinical outcomes. Due to the prevailing pandemic, we propose some surgical strategies for gastric cancer patients.Methods：The ‘COVID-19’ period was defined as occurring between 2020-01-20 and 2020-03-20. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups, pre-COVID-19 group (PCG) and COVID-19 group (CG). A total of 109 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled in this study.Results： The waiting time before admission increased by 4 days in the CG (PCG: 4.5 [IQR: 2, 7.8] vs. CG: 8.0 [IQR: 2,20]; p=0.006). More patients had performed chest CT scans besides abdominal CT before admission during the COVID-19 period (PCG: 22 [32%] vs. CG: 30 [73%], p=0.001). After admission during the COVID period, the waiting time before surgery was longer (PCG: 3[IQR: 2,5] vs. CG: 7[IQR: 5,9]; p<0.001), more laparoscopic surgeries were performed (PCG: 51[75%] vs. CG: 38[92%], p=0.021), and hospital stay period after surgery was longer (7[IQR: 6,8] vs.9[IQR:7,11]; p<0.001). In addition, the total cost of hospitalization increased during this period, (PCG: 9.22[IQR:7.82,10.97] vs. CG: 10.42[IQR:8.99,12.57]; p=0.006).Conclusion：This study provides an opportunity for our surgical colleagues to reflect on their own services and any contingency plans they may have to tackle the COVID-19 crisis.
Finite element analysis of wedge and biconcave deformity in four different height restoration after augmentation of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture
Authors: Zuo Xiao-Hua , Chen Ying-Bing , Xie Peng , Zhang Wen-Dong , Xue Xiang-Yun , Zhang Qian-Xi , Shan Ben , Zhang Xiao-Bing , Bao Hong-Guang , Si Yan-Na
Published: September 2020

Purpose : Biomechanical comparison of wedge and biconcave deformity of different height restoration after augmentation of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures was analyzed by three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA). Methods: Three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of T11-L2 segment was constructed from CT scan of elderly osteoporosis patient. The von Mises stresses of vertebrae, intervertebral disc, facet joints, displacement, and range of motion (ROM) of wedge and biconcave deformity were compared at four different heights (Genant 0-3 grade) after T12 vertebral augmentation. Results: In wedge deformity, the stress of T12 decreased as the vertebral height in neutral position, flexion, extension and left axial rotation, whereas increased sharply in bending at Genant 0; L1 and L2 decreased in all positions excluding flexion of L2, and T11 increased in neutral position, flexion, extension, and right axial rotation at Genant 0. No significant changes in biconcave deformity. The stress of T11-T12, T12-L1, and L1-L2 intervertebral disc gradually increased or decreased under other positions in wedge fracture, whereas L1-L2 no significant change in biconcave fracture. The utmost overall facet joint stress is at Genant 3, whereas there is no significant change under the same position in biconcave fracture. The displacement and ROM of the wedge fracture had ups and downs, while a decline in all positions excluding extension in biconcave fracture.Conclusionons : The vertebral restoration height after augmentation to Genant 0 affects the von Mises stress, displacement, and ROM in wedge deformity, which may increase the risk of fracture; Whereas restored or not in biconcave deformity.
An Efficient QoS-aware Services Selection in IoT using A Reputation Improved- Social Spider Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Abosaif Aghabi Nabil , Elrofai Salah Elfaki
Published: September 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) has been grown rapidly over the last years to connect a considerable number of spatially distributed objects or actuators. The connected objects create new functionality and provide various services to enhance and satisfy End-users daily lives. The issue is to provide the End-users with optimal services based on their requirements. The critical challenge is to select the optimal service from similar services functionally and various services non-functionality requirements (Quality of services). To achieve this challenge, this paper proposed a services selection model under QoS constraints in the IoT environment. The introduced model implements a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm with a friendly Likert scale measurement method. It aims to improve the performance of bio-inspired optimizing algorithms, called a Social Spider Optimization (SSO) Algorithm, by adding a reputation value to member's weight. The proposed model used a Likert scale measurement to evaluate the reputation of the services from the End-users. In the experiments, a comparative study was done between an original SSO and the proposed RI-SSO model. The results show the efficiency of the proposed RI-SSO model against the original SSO, in both maximization and minimization problems. It obtains a better outperform in terms of fitness values. ​​
Effectiveness of Oral Health Promotion Program for Persons with Severe Mental Illness: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Kuo Mei-Wen , Yeh Shu-Hui , Chang Heng-Ming , Teng Po-Ren
Published: September 2020

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a composite oral health promotion program designed to reduce dental plaque among persons with severe mental illness in a psychiatric institution. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled study was carried out in chronic psychiatric wards of a general hospital in central Taiwan. Sixty-eight eligible male individuals admitted to 2 wards were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. Participants in the experimental group underwent an oral health promotion program that consisted of biweekly group education sessions, and a 12-week individual behavioral modification for oral hygiene course. The participants in the control group received usual care only. Dental plaque (measured by the Plaque Control Index) was examined by a single dentist before and after the experiment. Each participant responded to a questionnaire regarding oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior before and after the experiment. Results: Fifty-eight individuals completed the study. Before the experiment, the plaque index was similar between the intervention group (68.9; N=27) and the control group (69.8; N=31). After the experiment, the plaque index was significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (42.6 vs. 61.8; P<0.001). Participants in the intervention group also demonstrated better oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior than those in the control group after the experiment. Conclusions: A composite oral health promotion program using both group education and individual behavioral methods over a 12-week period was effective in both reducing dental plaque and improving the oral health knowledge of persons with severe mental illness in the institution.
Directional divergence of Ep300 duplicates in teleosts and its implications
Authors: Wang Xianzong , Yan Junli
Published: September 2020

Background: EP300 is a conserved protein in vertebrates, which serves as a key mediator of cellular homeostasis. Mutations and dysregulation of EP300 give rise to severe human developmental disorders and malignancy. Danio rerio is a promising model organism to study EP300 related diseases and drugs; however, the effect of EP300 duplicates derived from teleost-specific whole genome duplication should not just be neglected. Results: In this study, we obtained EP300 protein sequences of representative teleosts, mammals and sauropsids, with which we inferred a highly supported maximum likelihood tree. We observed that Ep300 duplicates ( Ep300a and Ep300b) were widely retained in teleosts and universally expressed in a variety of tissues. Consensus sequences of Ep300a and Ep300b had exactly the same distribution of conserved domains, suggesting that their functions should be still largely overlapped. We analyzed molecular evolution of Ep300 duplicates in teleosts, using branch-site models, clade models and site models. The results showed that both duplicates were subject to strong positive selection; however, for an extant species, generally at most one copy was under positive selection. At clade level, there was evident positive correlation between evolutionary rates, number of positively selected sites and gene expression levels. In Ostariophysi, Ep300a were under stronger positive selection than Ep300b; in Neoteleostei, another species-rich teleost clade, the contrary was the case. We also modeled 3D structures of zf-TAZ domain and its flanking regions of Ep300a and Ep300b of D. rerio and Oryzias latipes and found that in either species the faster evolving copy had more short helixes. Conclusions: Collectively, the two copies of Ep300 have undoubtedly experienced directional divergence in main teleost clades. The divergence of EP300 between teleosts and mammals should be greater than the divergence between different teleost clades. Further studies are needed to clarify to what extent the EP300 involved regulatory network has diverged between teleosts and mammals, which would also be helpful to explain the huge success of teleosts.
The Prognostic Value of Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huan , Ren Dianyun , Jin Xin , Wu Heshui
Published: September 2020

Background: Several studies were conducted to explore the prognostic value of modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) in pancreatic cancer, which reported contradictory results. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize and further investigate the correlation between mGPS and overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library databases and OVID to identify eligible studies published from Jan 1, 2011 to June 20, 2020. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to detect the prognostic significance of mGPS in patients with pancreatic cancer.Results: A total of 222 non-repetitive studies were identified, and 20 related studies that explored the association between survival outcomes and mGPS in pancreatic cancer patients were finally enrolled in this meta-analysis. The results showed a significant correlation between high level of mGPS and poor OS (HR=1.50, 95% CI=1.20-1.89, P<0.0001). Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses based on the treatment regimen and research region.Conclusions: Our study suggested the close association between poor prognosis and high level of mGPS, which will be helpful for future clinical applications in patients with pancreatic cancer.
A Rare Cause of Left Atrium Compression: Esophageal Achalasia
Authors: Chen Sih-Yao , Toh Han Siong , Chang Wei-Ting , Liao Chia-Te
Published: September 2020

Background Extrinsic compression of left atrium (LA) due to esophageal achalasia is uncommon. Patients might present with dysphagia, dyspnea, and even hemodynamic compromise. Prompt detection with thorough differential diagnosis is crucial for subsequent management. We presented a case with LA compression by esophageal achalasia, and literature review regarding the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment strategy was performed to provide an updating knowledge of the disease.Case presentation A 59-year-old relatively healthy man presented with dysphagia accompanied by chest tightness and breathlessness after a large meal. His chest X-ray film disclosed a widened mediastinum. The barium swallow esophagogram revealed contrast pooling at the esophagogastric junction with a bird beak shape. Meanwhile, the transthoracic echocardiogram showed a round-shaped, well bordered, hyperechogenic, and heterogeneous mass (5.1 cm x 3.8 cm in size) compressing the LA irrespective of the systolic or diastolic phase. A chest contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed diffuse esophageal dilatation with a smoothly thickening wall aligned compressing the LA. Due to the abovementioned image findings, extrinsic compression of LA by esophageal achalasia was diagnosed.ConclusionLA compression due to esophageal achalasia is not common. Remarkably, given a patient presenting dysphagia and concurrent dyspnea after meals, the clinicians should keep this differential diagnosis in mind. Echocardiography and esophagography are useful to ensure the diagnosis promptly.
Cytotoxic CD8+ T Cells Promote Granzyme B-Dependent Adverse Post-Ischemic Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Zas Icia Santos , Lemarie Jeremie , Zlatanova Ivana , Cachanado Marine , Seghezzi Jean-Christophe , Benamer Hakim , Goube Pascal , Vandestienne Marie , Cohen Raphael , Ezzo Maya , Duval Vincent , Zhang Yujiao , Su Gin-Bo , Bizé Alain , Sambin Lucien , Bonnin Philippe , Branchereau Maxime , Heymes Christophe , Tanchot Corinne , Vilar Jose , Delacroix Clement , Hulot Jean-Sebastien , Cochain Clement , bruneval patrick , Danchin Nicolas , Tedgui Alain , Mallat Ziad , Simon Tabassome , Ghaleh Bijan , Silvestre Jean-sébastien , Ait-Oufella Hafid
Published: September 2020

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a common condition responsible for heart failure and sudden death. Here, we show that following acute MI in mice, CD8+ T lymphocytes are recruited and activated in the ischemic heart tissue, and release Granzyme B leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis, adverse ventricular remodeling and deterioration of myocardial function. Depletion of CD8+ T lymphocytes decreases apoptosis within the ischemic myocardium, hampers inflammatory response, limits myocardial injury and improves heart function. These effects are recapitulated in mice with Granzyme B-deficient CD8+ T cells. The protective effect of CD8 depletion on heart function was confirmed by using a model of ischemia/reperfusion in pigs. Finally, we reveal that elevated circulating levels of Granzyme B in patients with acute MI predict increased risk of death at 1-year follow-up. Our work unravels an unsuspected deleterious role of CD8+ T lymphocytes following acute ischemia, and identifies novel therapeutic strategy targeting pathogenic CD8+ T lymphocytes in the setting of acute MI.
Detection of emetic toxin (ces) gene and antimicrobial susceptibility of Bacillus cereus isolates from Iranian traditional dairy products
Authors: Heydarzadeh Mahdieh , Javadi Afshin , Rad Mehdi Ghiami
Published: September 2020

Background

Bacillus cereus is known as one of the major foodborne pathogens that often associated with the contamination of raw milk and dairy products. The aim of this study was to isolate the emetic toxin-producing Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) in unpasteurized traditional dairy products. Also, the antimicrobial resistance pattern was investigated in the isolates.
Methods

For this purpose, 150 samples of unpasteurized ice cream, cheese, doogh, curd and butter (prepared by traditional method) were randomly selected from the market from March 2019 to July 2020. Samples were evaluated for the presence of emetic toxin-producing B. cereus using culture and PCR method.
Results

Sixteen of 150 (10.66%) samples were contaminated with B. cereus. This pathogen was isolated from one (3.33%) sample of ice cream, 9 (30%) of doogh, 6 (20%) of curd in the mean contamination levels of 2.0 ± 0.0 and 4.4 ± 0.6, respectively. B. cereus was not isolated from cheese and butter samples. The contamination level of curd to this bacterium was significantly higher than other products (p < 0.05). PCR results showed that 14 (78.5%) of 16 isolates contained the ces gene. The results of the antibiogram test showed that B. cereus isolates were resistant to penicillin, cefazolin and co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), semi-sensitive to vancomycin and erythromycin, and sensitive to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and clindamycin. Also, 31.25% of isolates were resistant to six antibiotics simultaneously.
Conclusion

The findings of present study showed that traditional unpasteurized dairy products could provide a great potential for intoxication by antimicrobial-resistance and emetic toxin-producing strains of B. cereus.
Prevalence and Spectrum of Complex Congenital Heart Disease in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at high Altitude in China
Authors: Li Jing-Jing , Wang Xiao-Rong , Liu Yuan , Zhao Guo-Dong , Dai Ting , Chen Hong , Liao Hai-Yan , Qi Hai-Ying , Li Jia
Published: September 2020

Background: Previous studies from high altitudes have reported significantly higher prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD), consisting almost solely of simple CHD. Little is known about the occurrence of complex CHD. Neonates with complex CHD are likely admitted to NICU. We examined the prevalence and spectrum of complex CHD in NICU in order to depict a truer picture of CHD at high altitude.Methods: We reviewed charts of 4,214 neonates admitted to NICU in Qinghai province (average altitude 3,000m). Echocardiography was performed in 1,943 babies when CHD was suspected based on clinical examinations.Results: CHD was diagnosed in 1,093(56.3% of echoed babies). Mild CHD in 96.8%(1058 babies). Moderate CHD in 0.8%(9) included 1(0.1%) large secundum atrial septal defect, 3(0.3%) moderate pulmonary stenosis, 2(0.2%) aortic stenosis and 3(0.3%) partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Severe CHD in 2.4%(26) included 6(0.5%) complete atrioventricular septal defect, 5(0.5%) complete transposition of the great arteries, 5(0.5%) hypoplastic right heart, 3(0.3%) hypoplastic left heart, 3(0.3%) double outlet right ventricle, 3(0.3%) tetralogy of Fallot, 2(0.2%) truncus arteriosus, 2(0.2%) total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, 2(0.2%) severe aortic stenosis, 2(0.2%) Interrupted aortic arch and 2(0.2%) severe pulmonary stenosis and 1(0.1%) single-ventricle abnormality. At two-years follow-up in 737(67.4%) patients, 18(90%) with severe CHD and 38(5.3%) with mild and moderate CHD died, and 15 underwent cardiac surgery with 1 early death.Conclusions: At high altitude, a wide spectrum of CHD exists, with many heretofore unreported complex CHD. There is urgent need for routine echocardiography and early interventions in newborns particularly in NICU.