bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoción de estilos de vida saludable: una alternativa para el manejo de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo II
Authors: Muñoz Bowen Angela Elinora , Piñón Gamez Aimee , Garcia Labrada Pedro Miguel , Pérez Ortiz Viorkis , Chancay Mendoza Andrea Patricia , Suárez Fernández Juan Carlos , Barrueto Blanco Yarisley , Quintana Souza Rider , Moreira Mera María Gabriela , Giancarlos Ponce Moreno Eduardo , Villar Inclán Alejandro , Fernandez Cedeño Hugo Andrés , Soriano Cueto Yenisey , Briones Alcivar Rita Paola
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo se enfocó en el desconocimiento que existe sobre la promoción y prevención de la salud, específicamente de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), que es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial. Se proyectó realizar una revisión teórica sobre la DM2 y la promoción de estilos de vida saludable en pacientes que padecen esta enfermedad. La metodología utilizada se basó en el análisis teórico mediante métodos científicos que orientan el razonamiento de lo general a lo específico, considerando perspectivas de otros investigadores y llegando a plantear conclusiones propias de esta investigación. La información recopilada tuvo una alta calidad académica y científica, seleccionando cuidadosamente los artículos actualizados para respaldar las investigaciones que fundamentaron los factores de riesgo de la DM2: la edad, el sexo, la etnia, la susceptibilidad genética, la diabetes gestacional, el bajo peso al nacer, la lactancia materna, la obesidad, la dieta, el consumo de alcohol, el sedentarismo y la hipertensión arterial. Se concluye que la educación en hábitos de vida saludable, la detección temprana y el control de los factores de riesgo son fundamentales en el manejo y tratamiento de la DM2.

Palabras claves: diabetes; pacientes, prevención, riesgos, salud
Testing a Digital Health App for Patients With Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Mixed Methods Usability Study
Authors: Park Linda S , Kornfield Rachel , Yezihalem Mihret , Quanbeck Andrew , Mellinger Jessica , German Margarita
Published: September 2023

Background

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is increasingly common and associated with serious and costly health consequences. Cessation of drinking can improve ALD morbidity and mortality; however, support for cessation is not routinely offered to those diagnosed with ALD, and continued drinking or resumption of drinking after diagnosis is common. Mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to offer convenient and scalable support for alcohol cessation to those diagnosed with ALD, but mHealth interventions for alcohol cessation have not been designed for or evaluated in a population with ALD.

Objective

This study aims to understand how individuals with ALD would perceive and use an mHealth tool for alcohol cessation and to gather their perspectives on potential refinements to the tool that would allow it to better meet their needs.

Methods

We interviewed 11 individuals who attended clinic visits related to their ALD to elicit their needs related to support for alcohol cessation and views on how mHealth could be applied. After completing initial interviews (pre), participants were provided with access to an mHealth app designed for alcohol cessation, which they used for 1 month. Afterward, they were interviewed again (post) to give feedback on their experiences, including aspects of the app that met their needs and potential refinements. We applied a mixed methods approach, including a qualitative analysis to identify major themes from the interview transcripts and descriptive analyses of use of the app over 1 month.

Results

First, we found that a diagnosis of ALD is perceived as a motivator to quit drinking but that patients had difficulty processing the overwhelming amount of information about ALD they received and finding resources for cessation of alcohol use. Second, we found that the app was perceived as usable and useful for supporting drinking recovery, with patients responding favorably to the self-tracking and motivational components of the app. Finally, patients identified areas in which the app could be adapted to meet the needs of patients with ALD, such as providing information on the medical implications of an ALD diagnosis and how to care for their liver as well as connecting individuals with ALD to one another via a peer-to-peer support forum. Rates of app use were high and sustained across the entire study, with participants using the app a little more than half the days during the study on average and with 100% (11/11) of participants logging in each week.

Conclusions

Our results highlight the need for convenient access to resources for alcohol cessation after ALD diagnosis and support the potential of an mHealth approach to integrate recovery support into care for ALD. Our findings also highlight the ways the alcohol cessation app should be modified to address ALD-specific concerns.
Beneficios del consumo de alimentos con fitoestrógenos durante el climaterio
Authors: Martínez Adriana
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El climaterio es un proceso de trasformación con cambios físicos, psicológicos y emocionales por la modificación en la producción de hormonas sexuales. Estudios muestran que los alimentos ricos en fitoestrógenos (ARF) disminuyen los síntomas climatéricos.Objetivo: Identificar el consumo de ARF y la presencia de síntomas climatéricos en mujeres residentes de una zona urbana.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos validados para evaluar los síntomas del climaterio: la Escala de Calificación de Menopausia y la Escala de Cervantes. Para el registro del consumo de ARF se aplicó una tabla de frecuencia de consumo. La muestra estuvo conformada por mujeres entre 40 años a 59 años, residentes de la capital de San Luis Potosí, México.Resultados: La ingesta de ARF es moderada a baja. Respecto a los alimentos que contienen ARF, una de cada dos mujeres no consume frutas o solo lo hacen dos veces a la semana, el 50 % reportó consumo moderado de verduras, para el caso de las leguminosas, poco más del 85 % de la muestra refirió un consumo bajo. Ocho de cada diez mujeres presentan al menos un síntoma del climaterio.Discusión: Existe relación entre la dieta y las manifestaciones que con frecuencia acompañan al climaterio. El estudio muestra un consumo bajo de ARF y presencia de síntomas climatéricos, son las mujeres habitantes de zonas urbanas que refieren mayor sintomatología.Conclusión: Es necesario promover el consumo de una alimentación saludable que contenga fitoestrógenos para coadyuvar a la disminución de las molestias generadas en la etapa de la menopausia.
The token economy in a developing country
Authors: Thetlek Ruangchan , Kraiwanit Tanpat , Jangjarat Kris , Limna Pongsakorn , Shaengchart Yarnaphat
Published: September 2023

The token economy is a decentralized digital economy enabled by blockchain technology based on the premise of controlling asset ownership with digital tokens (Zhao et al., 2019). The increase in digital asset ownership among Thai residents over the past year (Kemp, 2022) is indicative of the expansion of the token economy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influencing the token economy in Thailand. Multiple regression analysis has been used to analyze the data acquired from Thai investors who are at least 20 years old, hold financial instruments, and frequently access the Internet. The findings show that an individual’s education level and monthly income, as well as their obtaining of investment news through mass, online, or print media or through meetings, have a statistically significant positive relationship to the token economy, while the savings rate has a negative one. The research proposes that these factors should be considered when a company prepares promotional activities, and that consumers with low savings rates should receive more attention because they are more inclined to embrace digital tokens.
Evaluation of deprescribing services in frail patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alshatti Dalal , Cox Anthony , Hirsch Christine , Cheng Vicky
Published: September 2023

Background: Deprescribing, a process of dose reduction or withdrawal of
inappropriate medication that no longer has benefit, is a proposed
intervention in the care of older adults living with frailty.
Objective/Aim: To evaluate safety, clinical impact, and long-term
outcomes of deprescribing services in frail patients, including the
barriers and enablers of deprescribing services in such settings.
Methods: A systematic review was performed in Scopus, CINAHL PLUS
(EBSCO), MEDLINE (OVID and EMBASE) and Cochrane library. The Mixed
Methods Appraisal tool (MMAT) was used for appraising the methodological
quality of the included papers. Studies were selected after title,
abstract, and full text screening, with independent review. Thematic
analysis was used for analysing data from the selected articles.
Results: 590 unique titles were identified, with 9 (6 trials, 1
interview, 1 survey, and 1 designed-delay study) meeting inclusion and
exclusion criteria. Five mains descriptive themes have been identified:
barriers, enablers, deprescribing services in frailty, safety management
and deprescribing outcomes. Conclusion: This study provides limited
evidence that deprescribing services in frail patients are effective in
reducing the number of potentially inappropriate medications and
medication costs. To further improve deprescribing in frailty,
clinicians should consider a customised safety plan and benefit/risk
assessment for each patient.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN SUBMERGED ARC WELDING OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESISTANT ANTI-CORROSIVE PRESSURE VESSEL STEEL SA387
Authors: Makaracı Murat , Şenol Mert Turgut
Published: September 2023

This research delves into the critical domain of high-temperature
pressure vessel design, focusing on SA 387 Grade 11 Class 2 steel—an
exceptional material known for its resistance to both corrosion and high
temperatures. The study combines experimental investigations and
numerical simulations to explore the intricate temperature distributions
within this material during the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process.
Experimental endeavors entailed welding SA387 steel plates under
controlled conditions, precisely measuring temperatures at key
locations. Concurrently, a numerical finite element analysis (FEA) model
was developed, incorporating a 3D Goldak’s double ellipsoidal heat
source model within ANSYS software. The research seamlessly integrates
these two approaches, allowing for a comprehensive comparison of
experimental and numerical temperature data. The results highlight the
capacity of the FEA model to predict temperature profiles during SAW
accurately, presenting a potent tool for optimizing welding parameters
without extensive trial and error. Furthermore, this study advances our
comprehension of welding processes involving high-temperature-resistant
materials, offering valuable insights for industries requiring
operations at elevated temperatures.
A metasztatikus kasztrációrezisztens prosztatarák kezelése
Authors: Szűcs Miklós , Szalontai János , Horváth András , Riesz Péter , Nyirády Péter
Published: September 2023

Az áttétes prosztatarák kezelése az utóbbi években jelentős átalakuláson ment keresztül. Abban nem történt változás, hogy a gyógyszeres kezelés alapja a tesztoszteron hormon megvonása. Ennek a folyamatnak csaknem törvényszerű velejárója a később bekövetkező csökkent eredményesség, a kasztrációrezisztencia. Az ekkor bekövetkező daganatos progresszió kezelésére több új vegyületet vezettek be különböző szekvenciákkal. Ezek áttekintése mellett foglalkozunk még az ebben a stádiumban legtöbbször megfigyelhető csontáttétek korszerű gyógyszeres kezelési lehetőségeivel.
Association of Unmet Social Needs With Metformin Use Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Drake Connor , Alfaro Jorge Morales , Blalock Dan V. , Ito Kristin , Batch Bryan C. , Bosworth Hayden B. , Berkowitz Seth A. , Zullig Leah L.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the relationship between social needs and metformin use among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a prospective cohort study of adults with T2D (n = 722), we linked electronic health record (EHR) and Surescripts (Surescripts, LLC) prescription network data to abstract data on patient-reported social needs and to calculate metformin adherence based on expected refill frequency using a proportion of days covered methodology.

RESULTS

After adjusting for demographics and clinical complexity, two or more social needs (−0.046; 95% CI −0.089, 0.003), being uninsured (−0.052; 95% CI −0.095, −0.009) and while adjusting for other needs, being without housing (−0.069; 95% CI −0.121, −0.018) and lack of access to medicine/health care (−0.058; 95% CI −0.115, −0.000) were associated with lower use.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that overall social need burden and specific needs, particularly housing and health care access, were associated with clinically significant reductions in metformin adherence among patients with T2D.
Epigenome-Wide Meta-analysis Reveals Associations Between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and DNA Methylation in Children and Adolescents of Different Body Sizes
Authors: Ott Raffael , Stein Robert , Hauta-alus Helena H. , Ronkainen Justiina , Fernández-Barrés Sílvia , Spielau Ulrike , Kirsten Holger , Poulain Tanja , Melton Phillip E. , Küpers Leanne K. , Azaryah Hatim , Colombo Marco , Landgraf Kathrin , Tobi Elmar W. , O’Sullivan Therese , Huang Rae-Chi , Campoy Cristina , Winkler Christiane , Vioque Jesus , Vrijheid Martine , Kiess Wieland , Körner Antje , Sebert Sylvain , Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta , Ziegler Anette-G. , Hummel Sandra
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

Dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents, with potential distinct effects in people with increased BMI. DNA methylation (DNAm) may mediate these effects. Thus, we conducted meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) between dietary GI and GL and blood DNAm of children and adolescents.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We calculated dietary GI and GL and performed EWAS in children and adolescents (age range: 4.5–17 years) from six cohorts (N = 1,187). We performed stratified analyses of participants with normal weight (n = 801) or overweight or obesity (n = 386). We performed look-ups for the identified cytosine–phosphate–guanine (CpG) sites (false discovery rate [FDR] <0.05) with tissue-specific gene expression of 832 blood and 223 subcutaneous adipose tissue samples from children and adolescents.

RESULTS

Dietary GL was positively associated with DNAm of cg20274553 (FDR <0.05), annotated to WDR27. Several CpGs were identified in the normal-weight (GI: 85; GL: 17) and overweight or obese (GI: 136; GL: 298; FDR <0.05) strata, and none overlapped between strata. In participants with overweight or obesity, identified CpGs were related to RNA expression of genes associated with impaired metabolism (e.g., FRAT1, CSF3).

CONCLUSIONS

We identified 537 associations between dietary GI and GL and blood DNAm, mainly in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. High-GI and/or -GL diets may influence epigenetic gene regulation and thereby promote metabolic derangements in young people with increased BMI.
Influence of the spatial laser energy absorption on the molten pool dynamics in high-power laser beam welding
Authors: Meng Xiangmeng , Putra Stephen Nugraha , Bachmann Marcel , Rethmeier Michael
Published: September 2023

The spatial laser energy absorption inside the keyhole is decisive for the dynamic molten pool behaviors and the resultant weld properties in high-power laser beam welding (LBW). In this paper, a numerical simulation of the LBW process, considering the 3D transient heat transfer, fluid flow, and keyhole dynamics, is implemented, in which the free surface is tracked by the volume-of-fluid algorithm. The underlying laser-material interactions, i.e., the multiple reflections and Fresnel absorption, are considered by an advanced ray-tracing method based on a localized level-set strategy and a temperature-dependent absorption coefficient. The laser energy absorption is analyzed from a time-averaged point of view for a better statistical representation. It is found for the first time that a significant drop in the time-averaged laser energy absorption occurs at the focus position of the laser beam and that the rest of the keyhole region has relatively homogeneous absorbed energy. This unique absorption pattern may lead to a certain keyhole instability and have a strong correlation with the detrimental bulging and narrowing phenomena in the molten pool. The influence of different focus positions of the laser beam on the keyhole dynamics and molten pool profile is also analyzed. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental measurements to ensure the validity of the proposed model.
Leveraging machine learning for predicting and monitoring clogging in laser cladding processes: An exploration of neural sensors
Authors: Bonin Cassiano , Simas Henrique , Pereira Milton , Dal Mago Arthur Lopes , Chagas Pedro Soethe
Published: September 2023

This study addresses the development of smart neural sensors to predict the powder mass flow and track clogging in real time during laser cladding. The challenges posed by powder granulometry and challenging environmental conditions that can lead to delivery failures are considered. An extensive experimental setup was conducted that included manipulation of key factors, such as laser power, travel speed, Z-step, N-layers, nozzle-to-substrate distance, and two types of process patterns. The mass flow rate of the powder was used as an independent variable to evaluate the predictive ability of the neural sensor with respect to the mass flow rate. Several models were trained and evaluated with different datasets and images of the cladding equipment. The model that integrated all data and images showed the best accuracy and precision also showed a strong predictive power for real-time estimation of the powder mass flow rate. Considering two practical rules—an error detection time of no more than one second and a confidence interval of less than 1.8 g/min—two strategies were proposed to meet these criteria. The first recommends the use of the comprehensive “all-features” model, while the second proposes a simplified model (with Z-step, N-slices, and the external camera as inputs) for efficient real-time error detection. The study provides an understanding of powder clogging prediction in laser cladding and suggests strategies for leaders in the field. Future research should validate these results and test these models in different environments to predict complex cladding properties and support the development of stand-alone laser cladding systems.
Mathematical modeling of changes in density of near-surface ionic layers in semi-infinite metals. Equations for displacements of ionic layers
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kostrobij P. P. , Markovych B. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ryzha I. A. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2023

In this work, we propose a mathematical model for describing the change in the ion density of the near-surface ionic layers of a semi-infinite metal. Through averaging over the subsystem of conduction electrons, we obtain in the adiabatic approximation an effective Hamiltonian of the ionic subsystem of a semi-infinite metal, which models the effect of the "metal–vacuum" separation surface on the structure of the near-surface ionic layers. We calculate the free energy of such a model and, by its minimization, obtain an equation for finding the displacements ξm of the ionic layer m. We show that in the absence of an inhomogeneous distribution of the electronic subsystem ξm≡0.
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Menggunakan Mikroba Ghalkoff terhadap Perubahan Konsentrasi Kandungan Kafein Kopi Robusta Organik Kabupaten Lampung Barat
Authors: Wijaya Riky Yan , Tamrin Tamrin , Sugianti Cicih
Published: September 2023

Coffee is a beverage ingredient not only famous in Indonesia but also famous throughout the world. Caffeine is the most important compound found in coffee, caffeine functions as an element of taste and aroma in coffee beans. Excessive acid and caffeine content in coffee can have an impact on health. This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation time using microbial Ghalkoff on changes in concentration of caffeine, protein and acidity content in organic robusta coffee without reducing the taste of coffee. This research was conducted from July to August 2018 at PT. Ghaly Roelies Indonesia, Kecamatan Kemiling, Bandar Lampung. This study uses a laboratory and Kruskal-Wallis test Non-parametric statistical test based on questionnaire test on the level of preference. The results showed the effect of changes in the concentration of caffeine, protein and acidity levels in organic robusta coffee with control of the initial data resulting in a decrease in the concentration of caffeine by 27%. While the results of the N-Rank organoleptic test with Kruskal-WallisTest showed that administering long-acting organic coffee fermentation using microbial ghalkoff can increase the preference for coffee flavor, aroma and color. Keywords: Caffeine, Fermentation, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Organic Robusta Coffee.
Socio-economic Profile of Equine Owner, Morphometric Characterization and Reproductive Performance of Indigenous Horses in Bangladesh
Authors: Shahinur Rahman Md. , Mahbubul Mohammad , Khatun Asma , Younus Ali Md.
Published: September 2023

Background: The socio-economic importance of horses plays a decisive role in the dynamism of rural economies in remote regions of developing countries such as Bangladesh. Horses are particularly suitable for transportation and recreation in these areas.
Methods: The study was conducted from January to March 2023 in 200 randomly selected horse families concentrated in Sherpur, Jamalpur, Tangail, Sirajganj, Natore, and Noagoan districts of Bangladesh. After the necessary corrections and modifications, the final questionnaire was created based on the objectives of the study. The data were collected by respondents individually through personal interviews.
Results: The average number of horses per family was 1.18, with 70% of them being transported and only 11.5% participating in horse races. The average peak and the poor seasonal income of the farmers were recorded as BDT (12,920-6,717). On average, 2 kg of concentrate feed per day is supplied to each horse with forages in the morning and afternoon depending on the situation. All farmers practiced natural mating, but they did not perform vaccination (100%). The indigenous horse's face color was observed as a star of 30%, and 45% non-specific, while the coat color was chestnut 38.5%, bay 41.5%, grey 8%, pseudo-Albino 3.5%, black 3.5%, brown 1% and bay roan 4%. The chest stocking color was observed as black 48%, white 33%, black and white 19%. The average body length, chest girth, neck length, ear length, and body weight in the research region were 119.86±0.17 cm, 126.28±0.19 cm, 37.87±0.14 cm, 15.78±0.12 cm, and 160.43±0.65 kg. The body length and body weight (p=0.000) differ significantly from region to region. Age at first service, service per conception (no.), gestation length, and foaling interval were 2.34±0.07 years, 1.21±0.06 years, 10.91±0.33 months and 1.00±0.03 years, respectively.
Conclusions: Horses have enormous potential for livelihoods in rural areas, so it is important to preserve and improve horse genetic resources and ensure sustainable horse rearing in Bangladesh.
The Effect of Second-Generation Rent Controls: New Evidence from Catalonia
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Monras Joan , Montalvo Jose G. ,   UPF-BSE-IPEG
Published: September 2023

Catalonia enacted a second-generation rental cap policy that affected only some municipalities and, within those, only units with prices above their “reference” price. We show that, as intended, the policy led to a reduction in rental prices, but with price increases at the bottom and price declines at the top of the distribution. The policy also affected supply, with exit at the top which is not compensated by entry at the bottom. We show that a model with quality differences in rental units rationalizes the empirical facts and allows us to compute the welfare consequences of the policy.
A Guidebook for Ottoman Parents: How Should We Raise Our Children?
Authors: ERKEK Mehmet Salih
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on “How to Raise Our Children?” written under the influence of Turkism by Ethem Nejat Bey, one of the most important educationist of 2nd Constitutional period. It was written in 1916, during the World War I, and it contained ideas beyond the era of its time. Ethem Nejat’s suggestions are based articles both in the mentioned book in different journals and newspapers, and are for the elimination of diseases in children and negative situations of malnutrition in the last period of the Ottoman Empire. The article evaluates them by using historical research method that are supported by archival documents. Nejat's introduction tries to guide parents and fill a gap for educators and historians by explaining each developmental stage and strategy spanning from prenatal period, nutrition, clothing, games and study environment. The study of this book contributes to the history of the era genuninely since most of Nejat's suggestions were implemented in the field of physical education and public hygiene in the Republican period.
Phyto-fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ficus religiosa and its potential application in degradation of crystal violet dye
Authors: Pandey Bhamini , Tewatia Hema , Meel Dipendra , Singh Poonam
Published: September 2023

Herein zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been synthesized via a facile, environment friendly, and low-cost green synthesis method. The prepared metal oxide was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), SEM/EDX (scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray), volumetric analysis, and zeta potential measurements. The photocatalyst was then employed for the degradation of crystal violet (CV) dye under UV illumination (high-pressure Hg lamp 125 W). It was observed that phyto-fabricated ZnO nanoparticles exhibited high degradation efficiency towards CV dye as 95% of dye was degraded in 60 min of irradiation. The study also implies that phyto-fabrication of ZnO nanoparticles resulted in enhanced degradation efficiency of the photocatalyst.
Evaluation der Qualität des Lehrens und Lernens im Fach Sport – Validierung des QUALLIS-Instruments
Authors: Herrmann Christian , Niederkofler Benjamin , Seelig Harald
Published: September 2023

Ein wichtiges Teilgebiet der Bildungsforschung ist die Beschreibung von Unterrichtsqualität. Dabei stellen sich Fragen zu Qualitätsmerkmalen im Fach Sport und wie die Qualität des Lehrens und Lernens im Sportunterricht (QUALLIS) systematisch evaluiert werden kann. Der Beitrag arbeitet hierzu zwölf Merkmale guten Sportunterrichts heraus und operationalisiert die Merkmale mehrperspektivisch. Eine Validierungsstudie mit 40 Klassen der Sekundarstufe (634 Schüler*innen und deren Lehrer*innen) bestätigte über konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen die erwartete zwölf-faktorielle Struktur und die Zusammenhänge mit der Schüler*innenmotivation. Das QUALLIS-Instrument ermöglicht einen empirischen Zugang zur Unterrichtsqualität im Fach Sport und bietet damit einen Mehrwert für die Lehrer*innenbildung.
Zur Bedeutung von inhaltsbezogenem Interesse und professionellem Weiterentwicklungsverhalten für das Professionswissen von Sportlehrpersonen
Authors: Büchel Sonja , Kruse Felix , Brühwiler Christian
Published: September 2023

Während in anderen Fächern bereits vielfältige Befunde zu den Zusammenhängen und Wirkungen zwischen dem Professionswissen und weiteren Kompetenzaspekten von Lehrpersonen vorliegen, stehen diese für das Fach Bewegung und Sport noch weitgehend aus. Die vorliegende Studie basiert auf einer Stichprobe von n = 329 (angehenden) Sportlehrpersonen und zielt darauf ab, ein theoriebasiertes Mediatormodell zu prüfen, das die Beziehungen des inhaltsbezogenen Interesses mit dem Weiterentwicklungsverhalten und dem Professionswissen von Sportlehrpersonen beschreibt. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen das theoretisch angenommene Mediatormodell, wonach der Effekt des inhaltsbezogenen Interesses auf das Professionswissen über das Weiterentwicklungsverhalten vermittelt wird.
The professional development of physical education student trainees at the articulation of didactic and meta-didactic systems
Authors: Brière Fabienne
Published: September 2023

Our research focuses on the processes of professional knowledge elaboration by physical education student trainees in an initial training system in France. This system combines classroom teaching situations and practice analysis situations, characterizing respectively the didactic and meta-didactic systems. The results reveal that, in their analyses, the student trainees jointly mobilize knowledge to be taught and for teaching, some of which are subject to a real co-elaboration supported by an evolution of their reflexive modalities. The discussion returns to the didactic and developmental stakes of the training situations at the articulation of the didactic and meta-didactic systems.
Canine cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease: clinical insights to solve a shared one-health problem
Authors: Ehrenzweig Joel , Hunter Robert P.
Published: September 2023

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among older adults. Current AD treatment options are limited, and the absence of appropriate research animals has significantly hindered the development of new AD therapies. Canine cognitive decline (CCD) is a major determinant of morbidity in older animals, with alterations in blood biomarkers, neuropathology, physiology, and behavior comparable to those seen in humans diagnosed with dementia and AD.

The one-health goal of achieving optimal health is supported by academics, researchers, and governments. Veterinarians’ ability to identify patients in the early stages of CCD is crucial to the successful implementation of interventions that can improve the quality of life of affected dogs. Timely identification of CCD also opens opportunities for innovative interdisciplinary research that will contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, early detection, and effective treatments for AD, ultimately benefiting human health as well.

Until now, veterinary practitioners have played limited roles as interdisciplinary leaders in the One Health initiative to combat disease. The authors discuss how client-owned animals with spontaneous, naturally occurring CCD can play a significant role as disease-relevant surrogates for translational AD research. The proposed Dogs Overcoming Geriatric Memory and Aging (DOGMA) Study to be conducted in veterinary practices will analyze the relationship between blood biomarkers and biometric behavior in mature and older dogs, with the aim of establishing benchmark CCD data. The DOGMA Study is addressed in the companion Currents in One Health by Hunter et al, AJVR, November 2023.
Rectal tear repair using barbed suture in the horse
Authors: Kamm J. Lacy
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

To describe the repair utilizing integral-anchor barbed suture in equine rectal tears.

ANIMALS

3 horses aged 3 to 10 years old with grade 3 to 4 rectal tears.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Grade 3 and 4 rectal tears were referred for surgical repair immediately after iatrogenic tearing or tearing during parturition. Integral-anchor barbed suture (Stratafix Symmetric PDS Plus, size 1, 18” CT-1) was placed using long-handled instruments or hand closure depending on the accessibility and visibility of the tear. Closure of grade 3 tears was performed using a continuous appositional pattern. A horizontal mattress pattern was performed in the grade 4 tear. No other surgical procedures were performed.

RESULTS

Two grade 3 tears were successfully repaired with no complications and discharged from the hospital. One grade 4 tear was successfully repaired; however, 4 days post-surgery partial dehiscence of the suture site occurred, and the horse was euthanized.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Grade 3 rectal tears were repaired successfully by using an integral-anchor barbed suture. No post-operative complications were reported. Blind hand suturing could be performed in cranial locations when the laceration could not be made visible. For grade 4 rectal tears, additional surgical procedures beyond barbed suture closure are needed.
An investigation of the discrepancy between set and actual temperature of neonatal incubators: concern for hypothermia and hyperthermia
Authors: Christensen Bruce W. , Erb Hollis N.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

To document any discordance between the set temperature and independently measured temperature of neonatal incubators in order to determine the potential of neonatal incubators to cause hypothermia or hyperthermia in neonatal animals.

SAMPLE

5 different veterinary neonatal incubators from 2 separate manufacturers.

METHODS

Internal temperatures of 5 incubators from 2 manufacturers were monitored with both internal and external monitoring devices to determine how much incubator temperatures might vary from what is reported on the incubator thermostat. The study was conducted on May 25, 2022.

RESULTS

Increases in temperature as measured by thermocouple and infrared sensors of > 2 °C were detected in 3 of the 5 (60%; 95% CI, 17% to 93%) tested incubators. Temperatures exceeded 41 °C at times, despite the incubator thermostat being set to 35 °C.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Neonatal puppies have a decreased capacity to thermoregulate and are susceptible to both hypothermia and hyperthermia if environmental temperatures are not kept within a proper range. Core temperatures below 35.0 °C lead to bradycardia, dyspnea, loss of suckle reflex, hypoglycemia, gastrointestinal ileus, and multiple organ failure; temperatures above 41.1 °C lead to pulmonary edema, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhage in multiple organs, and death.
Deliberating in the Gray Zone: North Macedonia’s Hybrid Regime and Deliberative Democracy Exercise
Authors: Imeri Ardita Abazi
Published: September 2023

Deliberative polling has emerged as a promising method for promoting democratic reform and citizen engagement in various contexts, however, its potential and limitations in hybrid regimes, where democratic governance is challenged by a mix of democratic and authoritarian features, remain relatively unexplored. This paper focuses on the case of North Macedonia, as a country that has undergone significant political and societal transformation especially in the recent years. Despite efforts to promote democratic reforms, the country continues to face challenges in terms of ensuring democratic governance and citizen participation. In a hybrid regime, like North Macedonia’s, political leaders might not be inclined to value citizens’ input, and the media environment might not be free from influence, which limits access to varied and reliable sources of information. Civil society organizations may also encounter limitations on their operations, and institutional assistance may be insufficient. Additionally, the population’s diversity could make it difficult to reach and build trust with citizens. In this context, deliberative polling represents an opportunity to engage citizens in meaningful political dialogue and institutional reform. This paper examines the potential of deliberative polling as a tool for promoting governance in North Macedonia and highlights the challenges and limitations faced in this process.
Victims of criminal offenses: Their needs, rights and respect in practice
Authors: Kerka Ela
Published: September 2023

While the situation of crime victims is analyzed by law enforcement officers, victims of human rights violations deserve special attention due to the very fact that these violations were ‘performed’ by the state, through its official employee or a person who acts in the capacity of an official. This fact does not in any way change the right of the victims to be treated with kindness and respect, nor does it affect their right to benefit from justice mechanisms and to have immediate solutions.

It should be understood that such a violation of individual rights committed by or with the consent of a state official, can seriously damage the relationship between citizens and the State. The outcome of law enforcement, in terms of the current condition of law and order, depends on the existence of good relations with the public. When law enforcement officers carry out practices that contradict the rights and freedoms of the individual, the very link between the organism as a whole and the community is endangered.

Trust and security are two conditions for fruitful communication and cooperation between the community and the law enforcement body. When trust and security are weakened due to the illegal and arbitrary behavior of law enforcement officers, the quality of cooperation and communication is also weakened. Special care should be taken for the victims of such violations so that the occasional incidents do not have devastating consequences on the image and work of the entire law enforcement organization.
A comparison between syntactical functions of Participle II in the German language and participle in standard Albanian language
Authors: Vërçani Brunilda
Published: September 2023

In verb system of different languages there is a distinction of finite and nonfinite form of verbs. Finite verbs have morphological categories of tense, mood, person and number. These categories cannot be found in nonfinite form of the verbs (Bech, 1955). Nonfinite form of verbs do not give evidence for mood, person and number (Hentchel & Weydt, 1994).

Comparing nonfinite form of verbs has been the object of different studies. The purpose of these studies is identifying the differences and similarities of nonfinite form of verbs in different languages.

In one language a nonfinite form might be missing, whereas in another language a nonfinite verb is present. These changes make a big difference in morphology and syntax. Every language has its own feature based on grammatical rules.

The purpose of this study is an analysis of syntactical functions of Participle II in German language and participle in standard Albanian language by finding the difference and similarities between them. Participle II of German language or as it is different named past participle coincide with nonfinite form participle of Albanian language. The participle of Albanian language and Participle II of German language have many similar uses in terms of verbs and adjective features. Participles have similar syntactical functions but there are also a lot of differences.
Does the Type of Nominal Personal Income Tax Rate Affect Its Progressivity? A Case Study from the Czech Republic
Authors: Krajňák Michal
Published: September 2023

Background

The article evaluates the influence of the type of nominal personal income tax rate on its progressivity. This is examined in the Czech Republic in the period 1993–2020. Between 1993 and 2007, the nominal tax rate was progressive, while from 2008 until the end of 2020, the nominal rate was linear.

Objectives

The paper aims to analyse if the type of nominal tax rate affects personal income tax progressivity.

Methods/Approach

The article uses analysis, synthesis, comparison and regression analysis methods. The progressiveness of the tax obligation indicator is used to evaluate the degree of tax progressivity.

Results

In the context of the analysis of the degree of tax progressivity, personal income tax is more progressive in the period of validity of the nominal linear rate for taxpayers with incomes below the average wage level.

Conclusions

Since the linear rate has been in force, the government in the Czech Republic has often mistakenly presented that tax rate innovations will ensure that everyone pays the same tax.
Lifelong Education in Economics, Business and Management Research: Literature Review
Authors: Vrdoljak Ivana
Published: September 2023

Background

Lifelong education includes formal and nonformal forms of learning during an individual's life cycle for the conscious and continuous development of one's quality and the quality of life in society.

Objectives

The goal of the research is to identify the most frequent research topics related to lifelong education in economics, business, and management research using a systematic literature review.

Methods/Approach

The study analysed 272 lifelong education papers in Business, Management, and Economics journals using bibliometric analysis, text mining, and Provalis Wordstat content analysis, identifying frequent journals, authors, nations, and funding entities.

Results

Research on lifelong education, focusing on older adults, critical thinking, quality of life, poverty reduction, professional training, and human capital, is primarily published in the International Journal of Lifelong Education. Four clusters have been identified.

Conclusions

The number of lifelong education papers is increasing, primarily published in educational journals. The most common keywords highlight its focus on human capital, supporting economic and social development.
On Bag of 1. Part I
Authors: Watase Yasushige
Published: September 2023

The article concerns about formalizing multivariable formal power series and polynomials [3] in one variable in terms of “bag” (as described in detail in [9]), the same notion as multiset over a finite set, in the Mizar system [1], [2]. Polynomial rings and ring of formal power series, both in one variable, have been formalized in [6], [5] respectively, and elements of these rings are represented by infinite sequences of scalars. On the other hand, formalization of a multivariate polynomial requires extra techniques of using “bag” to represent monomials of variables, and polynomials are formalized as a function from bags of variables to the scalar ring. This means the way of construction of the rings are different between single variable and multi variables case (which implies some tedious constructions, e.g. in the case of ten variables in [8], or generally in the problem of prime representing polynomial [7]). Introducing bag-based construction to one variable polynomial ring provides straight way to apply mathematical induction to polynomial rings with respect to the number of variables. Another consequence from the article, a polynomial ring is a subring of an algebra [4] over the same scalar ring, namely a corresponding formal power series. A sketch of actual formalization of the article is consists of the following four steps:

1. translation between Bags 1 (the set of all bags of a singleton) and N;

2. formalization of a bag-based formal power series in multivariable case over a commutative ring denoted by Formal-Series(n, R);

3. formalization of a polynomial ring in one variable by restricting one variable case denoted by Polynom-Ring(1, R). A formal proof of the fact that polynomial rings are a subring of Formal-Series(n, R), that is R-Algebra, is included as well;

4. formalization of a ring isomorphism to the existing polynomial ring in one variable given by sequence: Polynom-Ring(1, R) →˜ Polynom-Ring
.
Introduction to Graph Enumerations
Authors: Koch Sebastian
Published: September 2023

In this article sets of certain subgraphs of a graph are formalized in the Mizar system [7], [1], based on the formalization of graphs in [11] briefly sketched in [12]. The main result is the spanning subgraph theorem.
Isosceles Triangular and Isosceles Trapezoidal Membership Functions Using Centroid Method
Authors: Mitsuishi Takashi
Published: September 2023

Since isosceles triangular and trapezoidal membership functions [4] are easy to manage, they were applied to various fuzzy approximate reasoning [10], [13], [14]. The centroids of isosceles triangular and trapezoidal membership functions are mentioned in this article [16], [9] and formalized in [11] and [12]. Some propositions of the composition mapping (f + · g, or f +* g using Mizar formalism, where f, g are a ne mappings), are proved following [3], [15]. Then different notations for the same isosceles triangular and trapezoidal membership function are formalized.

We proved the agreement of the same function expressed with different parameters and formalized those centroids with parameters. In addition, various properties of membership functions on intervals where the endpoints of the domain are fixed and on general intervals are formalized in Mizar [1], [2]. Our formal development contains also some numerical results which can be potentially useful to encode either fuzzy numbers [7], or even fuzzy implications [5], [6] and extends the possibility of building hybrid rough-fuzzy approach in the future [8].
Paradigm Shift for Endometriosis and the Potential Role of Genetic Testing – Going Beyond the 2022 ESHRE Guidelines for Endometriosis
Authors: Irimia Traian , Crișan Andrada , Cotruș Teodora , Tudorache Vlad , Dalaty Mariam , Melinte Marian , Melinte Ioana
Published: September 2023

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory gynecological disease affecting 190 million women or 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The disease is marked by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, being associated in many cases with chronic pain and infertility. The current recommendations of international professional societies underline the need for laparoscopy, eventually followed by histological verification, as the gold standard for diagnosis. However, many societies recommend the initiation of specific treatment before obtaining a definitive surgical diagnosis. Various national and international societies have released guidelines for endometriosis assessment based on biomarkers; however, none of these recommendations proved to be clinically useful or able to replace diagnostic laparoscopy. In recent years it was demonstrated that oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants that is directly linked with an increased inflammatory response in the peritoneal cavity, may be involved in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. The identification of a genetic predisposition for endometriosis can identify the patients at risk and may help clinicians promptly initiate therapeutic management of their patients in order to ameliorate their prognosis.
A Cadaveric Study of Two Uncommon Cases of Sural Nerve Complex Variation
Authors: Șușu Ovidiu-Ioan , Vodă Rareș , Brînzaniuc Klara , Sipos Tamás Csaba , Pap Zsuzsanna
Published: September 2023

Introduction

The sural nerve is a sensitive nerve whose function is to provide sensory supply for the posterolateral aspect of the distal third of the leg and the lateral side of the dorsum of the foot. This nerve is formed in the upper third of the calf from the terminal branches of the tibial and common peroneal nerves and the communicating branch of the sural nerve.

Objectives

The aim of our study is to showcase two anatomical variants of the sural nerve.

Materials and methods

Two formalin-preserved cadavers, one male and one female, embalmed using formalin 4% were dissected with the intent of being used as teaching materials for the students attending anatomy classes at the “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Romania.

Results

In both cases, less common anatomical variations of the formation of sural nerve were discovered. On the male cadaver, we identified the sural nerve as a continuation of the medial sural cutaneous nerve. The lateral sural cutaneous nerve and the communicating branch of the sural nerve were both absent. On the female cadaver, we identified both the medial sural cutaneous nerve and the lateral sural cutaneous nerve. The sural nerve was, however, a continuation of only the lateral sural cutaneous nerve, with the medial sural cutaneous nerve as an independent branch.

Conclusions

We described two anatomical variants of the sural nerve, which are less common than those documented in the literature.