bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traffic Time Series and Deep Learning for an Effective Business Model
Authors: Mohana T. Vamshi , Basha H. S. Abzal , Bhargav H. K. , Patil Madhu , Ajitha P. , Khan Arsala Zamir
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines how combining time series study and deep learning can optimize business models using traffic information. It starts by explaining why traffic data is important in today's business settings and lists old ways to analyze it. The chapter continues by exploring how to use deep learning methods like recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict and recognize patterns in traffic. Case studies and examples show how useful these methods are in making business operations more efficient, enhancing the customer experience, and helping make better business decisions. It explores upcoming trends and obstacles to using deep learning to help businesses grow.
A revista Infância Excepcional (1933-1979)
Authors: Barbosa Esther Augusta Nunes , Borges Adriana Araújo Pereira
Published: October 2024

Este artigo analisa os discursos produzidos pela Sociedade Pestalozzi de Minas Gerais sobre o financiamento do ensino especial, os estudantes ‘excepcionais’ e as suas famílias. Tais discursos foram publicados entre os anos de 1933 e 1979 por meio da revista Infância Excepcional: Estudo, Educação e Assistência ao Excepcional. Para tanto, foi realizada análise qualitativa das doze revistas da coleção, bem como dos outros documentos primários, como cartas e cadernos de anotação de Helena Antipoff. A análise foi desenvolvida a partir da categorização dos documentos e de sua contextualização ao período pesquisado, com uma abordagem teórico-metodológica do relativismo histórico que considera a influência do ambiente histórico e social na seleção e interpretação dos fatos.
As preceptoras na educação oitocentista
Authors: Nawroski Alcione , Encarnação Ana Paula Oliveira da
Published: October 2024

O artigo objetiva compreender a educação brasileira oitocentista nas trinta e sete cartas escritas pela preceptora da educação Ina von Binzer durante sua estada no Brasil, entre os anos 1881 e 1883. Atentos à metodologia da história cultural, destacamos, com base em Chartier (1994), que o historiador tem por tarefa oferecer um conhecimento apropriado, controlado sobre personagens, mentalidades e preços, sempre vigilante com seu objeto, uma vez que sua pesquisa poderá possibilitar respostas às inquisições futuras. As cartas de Ina von Binzer nos permitem concluir que, no período em questão, houve pouco investimento na construção e expansão de escolas públicas aos brasileiros. Em vez disso, houve a propagação de uma instrução particular especifica para meninos e outra para meninas, além de um não reconhecimento do direito à educação para pessoas não brancas. Assim, emerge a dualidade educacional que marca a história da educação brasileira
High-altitude wetland vegetation of Bokong Nature Reserve in Matšeng Biosphere Reserve, Lesotho
Authors: Chatanga Peter , Phoofolo Mpho W. , Pitso Khesa M.
Published: October 2024

Bokong Nature Reserve (BNR) forms part of the core of the first and newly established Matšeng Biosphere Reserve in Lesotho. However, lack of baseline data makes it difficult to monitor the wetland vegetation in BNR. This study characterised the vegetation of the high-altitude montane palustrine wetlands of this area. Plant species composition was assessed using the Braun-Blanquet approach, and the height and cover of the vegetation were measured. Furthermore, environmental data were collected using standard methods. The data were analysed by determining species richness and calculating Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness, as well as employing cluster analysis, canonical correspondence analysis and redundancy analysis. The results show that a total of 175 plant species from 102 genera and 40 families were encountered. The dominant plant families were Asteraceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae. Hierarchical cluster analysis produced 10 plant communities in the range of 1–36 species per 3 m × 3 m plot. Important environmental factors influencing the wetland vegetation were longitude, altitude, latitude, soil sodium, inundation, soil texture, soil magnesium and soil phosphorus. The results indicate that the wetlands are not only in a relatively stable condition, but also support diverse vegetation and store a substantial amount of carbon, thus contributing to biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation. Because the wetland vegetation determines the functioning of the system, which in turn influences the supply of ecosystem services, our findings form a baseline dataset for monitoring the BNR wetland vegetation, especially in the face of climate change.Conservation implications: The BNR wetlands fall within the catchment of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project dams that are important for water resources in southern Africa. Furthermore, the wetlands are of international conservation value because they form part of the core of a UNESCO-declared man and biosphere reserve and play an important role in supporting biodiversity.
Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults in India: Predictors of Recurrence and Functional Outcome
Authors: Reddy Balaswamy , Kathuveetil Arun , Sreedharan Sapna Erat , Jissa VT , Sylaja PN
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives:

Ischemic stroke (IS) in young is increasingly recognized as an important health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Limited data is available from LMICs about the predictors of outcome and recurrence of IS in young. The study aims to assess the predictors of short-term and long-term functional outcome and the recurrence of the first-ever IS and transient ischemic attack in young.

Methods:

The clinical, radiological data, functional outcome, and recurrence of 569 IS patients aged 18–50 years were recorded. The etiological classification was done. The functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRS), with a good outcome being mRS 0–2. Logistic regression was used to analyze the predictors of recurrence and outcome.

Results:

The most common risk factors were hypertension (40.3%) and diabetes mellitus (34.3%). Stroke of undetermined etiology (33.6%) was the most common etiological subtype. Among the cardioembolic subtypes, rheumatic heart disease constituted 47.4%. A good functional outcome at 1 year was seen in 76.3%. While baseline stroke severity predicted both the 3-month and 1-year functional outcome, age ≥40 years and male gender predicted poor outcome at 1 year. The risk of recurrent strokes at 1 year was 2.5%. On multiple logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus independently predicted recurrent vascular events at 1 year (odds ratio = 2.43, 95% confidence interval 1.07–5.50).

Conclusions:

We found a good functional outcome with a relatively low recurrence at 1 year among young IS patients. Baseline stroke severity, age, and male gender predicted a poor 1-year functional outcome.
Public–Private Partnership Model in Delivering Quality Health Care and Medical Education - An Enduring Success Story for the Past Seven Decades
Authors: Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Prabhu Gurpur Guni Laxman , Rao Potti Laxminarayana Gangadhara , Kumar Nithin
Published: October 2024

Public–private partnerships (PPPs) are integral to the National Health Mission (NHM). Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Mangalore, was the first private institution in India to embrace the PPP model way back in 1953. The then Government of Madras permitted KMC Mangalore to partner with the 2 district hospitals – the Government Wenlock and the Lady Goschen Hospitals. For almost seven decades, KMC Mangalore has been using the clinical facilities at District Wenlock and Lady Goschen hospitals to provide quality health care and also train the Undergraduate and Postgraduate students of KMC. The Manipal experiment is a shining example of public–private collaboration to provide quality accessible health care to everyone, which is in line with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 and its targets.
Seropositivity of chikungunya in hospital setting, India: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nagarajan Ramya , Ayyasamy Lavanya , Ganeshkumar Parasuraman , Velusamy Saravanakumar , Murhekar Manoj
Published: October 2024

Backround:

Information about the chikungunya disease burden by age groups and geographic distribution is necessary to guide appropriate control measures. With this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the disease burden of chikungunya fever in India.

Material and Methods:

We conducted this systematic review according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. We retrieved relevant articles from PubMed and a free online search. Two investigators screened titles and abstracts and extracted data from the relevant articles. Our primary outcome is the proportion of laboratory-confirmed Chikungunya fever among clinically suspected patients. We used a random effect model to estimate the pooled proportion of Chikungunya fever.

Result:

A total of 20 articles were included in the quantitative syntheses. The pooled proportion of laboratory-confirmed chikungunya fever from 20 studies estimated using the random effects model is 24% (95%CI: 15-34%). We found the pooled proportion in the southern region was 35% (95%CI: 4-66%), 28% (95%CI: 3-58%) in the western region, 24% (95%CI: 1-48%) in the eastern region, 20% (95%CI: 12-29%) in the northern region, and 4% (95%CI: 1-6%) in North-eastern region.

Conclusion:

This review emphasizes the need to strengthen the surveillance of disease burden using multiple diagnostic tests and the need for an appropriate molecular diagnostic for early detection of the chikungunya virus.
Determination of Direct and Indirect Costs Incurred by Tuberculosis Patients During Diagnosis and Treatment in Urban Areas of South Gujarat: A Mixed Method Approach
Authors: Buch Rutu , Damor Rahul , Kosambiya J. K.
Published: October 2024

Though many initiatives and monetary benefits are incorporated under RNTCP/NTEP, many patients might incur some out-of-pocket expenditure (OOP) related to diagnosis, treatment, and hospitalization. Such costs lead to further poverty and default. This study estimated OOP costs. A cross-sectional mixed method study was conducted in 2020. Data were collected from two selected UHCs (both public and private sectors) from all eight administrative zones. A total of 278 newly registered drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients at different stages of treatment were enrolled, and 18 IDIs were done after obtaining the consent. Among 278, 231 (83%) were seeking the treatment from the public sector and 47 (17%) from the private sector. The average direct, indirect, and total costs were Rs. 8812, Rs. 4825, and Rs. 13,637, respectively. Extra food and supplements are the major field of expenditure for those enrolled in the public sector. Higher costs were incurred by the private sector patients. Longer distances, a long waiting time, belief systems, and unavailability of facilities or drugs were the common reasons for not visiting the public sector. IDI results also supported the cost heads. The majority of the expenses occurred at the private settings before diagnosis. IDIs suggested to changes in the programmatic approach toward migrants, industrial workers, and women.
Prevalence of depression among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Thampy Parwathy , Rupani Ashlesh , Chullithala Athira , Pawar Neeraj
Published: October 2024

Background:

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) significantly increases the risk of depression, yet research on mental health in this population remains limited.

Aim:

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression among multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients, emphasizing the necessity for integrated mental health care.

Methods:

A systematic search across PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar identified 536 articles, which were screened for eligibility after removing duplicates. Prevalence data were analyzed using R programming, with back-transformation applied to enhance accuracy. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist, and the study protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023449156).

Results:

Ultimately, twelve studies involving 3,258 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of depression among MDR-TB patients was found to be 54% (95% CI: 42%-65%). Although substantial heterogeneity was noted (I² = 72%; P < 0.01), excluding one study (Walker et al.) due to high Cook’s distance revised the prevalence to 55% (95% CI: 43%-68%), with reduced heterogeneity (I² = 68%; P < 0.01). Subgroup analyses indicated minimal variability among studies using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (52%, 95% CI: 40%-64%) and substantial variability among those employing the Patient Health Questionnaire (54%, 95% CI: 30%-79%). Funnel plot analysis and Egger’s test revealed no significant publication bias (P = 0.2105).

Conclusion:

This study highlights a high prevalence of depression among MDR-TB patients, underscoring the urgent need for integrated mental health care strategies tailored for this vulnerable population. Further research is essential to refine these strategies effectively.
Assessment of Tissue Changes Observed with Single-Unit Dental Implants Placed in Conjunction with Platelet-Rich Fibrin: An Evaluative Study
Authors: Hanusha Bathula , Chinta Chandrika , Dawood Tazeen , Pillai Sonal Gurunath , Shetty Mamatha , Al Wadei Misfer , Jandrajupalli Suresh Babu , Chandolu Swarnalatha , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: October 2024

Background:

The advent of implants has been a big milestone in the practice of dentistry, which has largely changed the face of rehabilitative dental practice. The present evaluative study assessed the tissue changes observed with single-unit dental implants placed in conjunction with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) since there is a relative dearth of studies on this aspect in the literature.

Materials and Methods:

The present prospective study consisted of 12 patients with single-rooted teeth indicated for extraction for various reasons, whereas after immediate insertion of single-unit dental implants, soft and hard tissue changes were assessed at baseline and on follow-up visits of patients at 3, 6, and 9 months, respectively, and the data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. For carrying out the statistical analysis, a paired t test was used, whereas probability values of 0.05 or less were contemplated as being statistically significant.

Results:

The results in terms of mean modified plaque index and mean modified bleeding index revealed statistically significant variations in follow-up visits of patients (P < 0.05). Similarly, noteworthy differences were observed in terms of the mean papillary index and mean distance between the implant–bone interface (DIB) on either side on follow-up visits of patients using a paired t test (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The insertion of single-unit dental implants in conjunction with PRF resulted in a significantly improved height of the interdental papilla. In addition, an appreciable difference was observed in the mean DIB with no major complications after 9 months of implant insertion.
Vaginal Cellular Angiofibroma: Report of a Rare Case with Literature Review
Authors: Anju G. , Rao Meenakshi , Yadav Garima , Singh Pratibha
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Cellular angiofibroma (CA) is a relatively recently described, rare, benign soft tissue tumor that predominantly occurs in the vulvoperineal region. It was first described in 1997 as a mesenchymal-origin tumor composed of connective (fibrous) tissue and blood vessels. We report a case of vaginal CA in a 40-year-old woman who presented with pressure symptoms, incidentally diagnosed with a vaginal mass and clinically suspected as vaginal myoma. This case was diagnosed based on histomorphology and immunohistochemistry and underwent surgical treatment. This tumor was a diagnostic dilemma for other benign and aggressive spindle cell tumors in the same area, such as endometrial stromal nodule, spindle cell lipoma, solitary fibrous tumors, and mixed tumors of the vagina.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Multiple Primary Malignancies Involving Female Genital Tract at a Tertiary Cancer Institute of Northeast India
Authors: Kaur Eshwarya Jessy , Barmon Debabrata , Baruah Upasana , Begum Dimpy
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The term “Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms (MPMNs)” refers to two or more unrelated primary malignant neoplasms that originate from single or different organs and occur in one patient. MPMNs have been divided into synchronous and metachronous based on time duration after first malignancy.

Materials and Methods:

This was a hospital-based retrospective study conducted at a tertiary cancer institute in Northeast India. Clinicopathological factors of patients with multiple primary malignancies with at least one female genital tract malignancy attending the gynecological oncology outpatient department were observed. Those with ambiguous status of primary malignancy and incomplete treatment of first primary malignancy were excluded from the study.

Results:

A total of 57 patients with MPMN, including one case of triple primary malignancy, were included in the study. 59.18% of cases had metachronous, and 40.81% had synchronous malignancies. The median time to the development of second primary malignancy was 60 months. Among the first diagnosed malignancies, cervix was the most common site (26.5%), followed by endometrium (20.4%) and ovary (14.28%), whereas ovarian malignancy was more commonly diagnosed second malignancy (38.77%), followed by endometrium (14.28%) and cervix (10.2%). In an analysis of synchronous malignancies, the most common genital tract involvement was seen with endometrium and ovary, with a predominance of low-grade endometrioid histology in 75% of cases.

Conclusions:

As the cancer survivor population continues to increase in future, these patients must be comprehensively evaluated on follow-up, and a cognizance of prior treatment taken should be kept. In addition, it is vital that the clinicians keep a lookout for high-risk population in which genetic testing may be beneficial.
Adjuvant Therapy for Endometrial Cancer in the Era of Molecular Classification
Authors: Gupta Sumedha , Gupta Ratika , Motwani Varsha , Kalwaniya Dheer Singh
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Endometrial cancer primarily undergoes surgical intervention, with adjuvant treatments such as external beam pelvic radiotherapy, vaginal brachytherapy, chemotherapy, and combined therapy investigated in randomized trials. Treatment decisions hinge on clinicopathological risk factors. Low-risk cases usually require surgery alone, whereas high-intermediate risk often benefit from adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy for enhanced local control with minimal side effects. Recent trials advocate pelvic radiotherapy for high-risk cases, particularly in Stage I–II tumors with risk factors. Chemoradiation proves advantageous for serous cancers and Stage III disease, improving recurrence-free, and overall survival. Molecular studies, notably the Cancer Genome Atlas project, identified four distinct molecular classes, transcending stages, and histological types. These molecular subtypes exhibit a stronger prognostic impact than histopathological characteristics, heralding a shift toward molecular-integrated diagnostics and treatments. Incorporating molecular factors into adjuvant strategies, including targeted therapies, marks a new paradigm in endometrial cancer management, underpinning ongoing research, and clinical trials. This review outlines current adjuvant approaches, underscores the emergence of molecular-integrated risk profiling, and touches on developments in targeted therapy.
Sex-specific associations between dietary legume subtypes and type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Woo Hye Won , Hong Sangmo , Shin Min-Ho , Koh Sang Baek , Kim Hyeon Chang , Kim Yu-Mi , Kim Mi Kyung
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES: Dietary soy, known for its high phytoestrogen content, has been suggested to exhibit a sex-specific association with type 2 diabetes. However, evidence regarding the sex-specific associations of different legume subtypes with type 2 diabetes remains scarce. We aimed to evaluate whether habitual consumption of soy and non-soy legumes (beans and peanuts) was prospectively and sex-specifically associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes incidence, taking into considering significant sex-specific genetic factors beyond legume consumption.METHODS: A total of 16,666 participants (96,945 person-years) were followed and 945 incident cases were observed. Cumulative intake of legume subtypes was calculated using a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline and during the revisit surveys.RESULTS: Non-soy legumes are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes in both men and women. Dietary soy intake, however, demonstrated a unilaterally interacting sex-specific association with type 2 diabetes risk (pinteraction for sex=0.017). Specifically, there was a significant inverse association with type 2 diabetes risk in women (incidence rate ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.48 to 0.80; ptrend=0.007), but no such association was observed in men. This sex-specific association persisted and even appeared antagonistic in minor allele carriers of 2 novel single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs10196939 (LRRTM4) and rs11750158 (near GFPT2) (pinteraction for sex=0.001 and 0.011, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Habitual consumption of legumes shows protective impacts against type 2 diabetes, although these benefits vary by sex. Non-soy legumes provide health advantages for both men and women, whereas soy consumption seems to be beneficial exclusively for women.
Investigating Methods to Generate Models for Turbine Maps Using
Machine Learning
Authors: Supe Shreyas , Natarajan Bharath , Shaver Greg
Published: October 2024

For turbocharged engine design, manufacturer-provided turbocharger maps are
typically used in simulation analysis to understand key engine performance
metrics. Each data point in the turbocharger map is generated by physically
testing the hardware or through CFD analysis—both of which are time-consuming
and expensive. As such, only a modest set of data can be generated, and each
data map must be interpolated and extrapolated to create a smooth surface, which
can then be used for engine simulation analysis.

In this article, five different machine learning algorithms are described and
compared to experimental data for the prediction of Cummins Turbo Technologies
(CTT) fixed geometry turbines within and outside of the experimental data range.
The results were validated against xxx-provided test data. The results
demonstrate that the Bayesian neural networks performed the best, realizing a
0.5%–1% error band. In addition, it is extrapolatable when suitable manually
created extra data points are incorporated within the dataset at low and high
turbine speeds.
Enhancing Availability of Autonomous Shuttle Services: A Conceptual Approach toward Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Dehghani Ali , Salaar Hamza , Srinivasan Shanmuga Priya , Zhou Lixian , Arbeiter Georg , Lindner Alisa , Patino-Studencki Lucila
Published: October 2024

Autonomous vehicle technologies have become increasingly popular over the last few years. One of their most important application is autonomous shuttle buses that could radically change public transport systems. In order to enhance the availability of shuttle service, this article outlines a series of interconnected challenges and innovative solutions to optimize the operation of autonomous shuttles based on the experience within the Shuttle Modellregion Oberfranken (SMO) project. The shuttle shall be able to work in every weather condition, including the robustness of the perception algorithm. Besides, the shuttle shall react to environmental changes, interact with other traffic participants, and ensure comfortable travel for passengers and awareness of VRUs. These challenging situations shall be solved alone or with a teleoperator’s help. Our analysis considers the basic sense–plan–act architecture for autonomous driving. Critical components like object detection, pedestrian tracking, trajectory planning, and teleoperation are analyzed, and concepts for overcoming the challenges mainly in these components are presented.
2023-2024 Reviewers
Authors: Onori Simona
Published: October 2024

2023-2024 Reviewers
Design of Object Identification Platform Using a 77 Gigahertz Portable RADAR Antenna
Authors: Chen Aaron , Hartman Ethan , Lin Vincent , Manahan Taylor , Sidhu Anmol , Eichaker Lauren
Published: October 2024

RADAR antennae come in varying sizes and shapes. They are often employed in heterogeneous systems (i.e., systems that use multiple detection methods) that are employed to detect and visualize objects. Object identification in the context of automated vehicle behavior design could require extensive data sets to train algorithms that have the potential to make dynamic driving decisions. A widely available platform would increase the ability of researchers learn about automated systems and to gather data, which may be necessary for training automated vehicle systems. This work describes the application of a 77 GHz, portable antenna to the description of standard fleet vehicles as well as a suite of soft targets contextualized within polar plots. This work shows that object detection and identification is possible in off-the-shelf portable systems that combine readily available materials and software in a reproducible manner. The described system and algorithm create a visual correlate without employing multiple detection methods. This work, which is based on a study conducted using a much larger and stationary system, also demonstrates that current 77-GHz RADAR technologies create signals that are primarily dependent on external geometric features.
Design Enhancement of Automotive Console Armrest Structure Utilizing Finite Element Analysis-Based Topology Optimization
Authors: Shah Viren , Shekhar Ravi , Kushari Subrata , Miraje Jitendra , D Suresh
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the structural integrity of a center console armrest structure for a four-wheeler automobile. The present analysis investigates to reduce the mass of the armrest structure without compromising the structural integrity of the armrest model. Various loading conditions are employed to study the effects on the structure. Finite element analysis (FEA) approach is utilized to study the effects of various loading conditions on the structure. Topology optimization technique is employed to reduce the mass. The design criteria followed to achieve the mass reduction are kept in check by considering the global von-mises stress criterion, designable and non-designable areas of the structure. Linear structural analysis is conducted with Multipoint constraint (MPC) contacts, 3D solid higher order tetrahedral and hexahedral elements and beam elements to perform the FEA analysis. Sequential Convex Programming (SCP) method is employed in topology optimization for performing the analysis. The topology optimization simulation suggests that, the weight of the structure can be reduced by 82.17 %. The optimized design is further utilized for same loading conditions and it is found that it can sustain the load applied to the armrest assembly. The improvement in the design helped in reduction of weight and cost of the material. The enhanced design can be further utilized for other functionalities and can perform efficiently.
Sexuality in Slovenian Drama at the Beginning of the 21st Century
Authors: Ocepek Pavel
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we discuss sexuality in the plays The Exhibitionist (2001) by Dušan Jovanović and For Our Young Ladies (2006) by Draga Potočnjak through literary interpretation, essentialist, sociological and literary analysis. In doing so, we draw on the so-called Critical Sexualities Studies and take into account the identifying elements of restrictive and permissive sexual culture, which we place in the context of the social changes in the organisation of sexuality characteristic of societies in late modernity. We note that in the two plays, prominent and influential in the Slovenian literary and theatrical space in the first years of the new millennium, both authors thematise sexuality, more specifically paraphilias and paraphilic disorders (exhibitionism and incest), as well as sexual liberation and sexual pleasure, to formulate ideas, themes and motifs that explore the antagonism between sexual cosmopolitanism (secularisation, detraditionalisation and individualisation) and sexual fundamentalism (Christian morality, tradition, patriarchy).The analysis shows that in articulating sexuality and its images, Dušan Jovanović and Draga Potočnjak have created engaged and socially conscious plays, where sexuality becomes a powerful tool, a tool that in late modernity can drive an individual to the edge, keep him on the edge, or even push him over the edge.
Insecurity and the Coping Strategies of Residents in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Egharevba Jolly Osaretin , Atewe Festus Amasikomwan
Published: October 2024

This paper examines urban insecurity and the coping strategies of residents in the Benin metropolis. The main objective of the research is to determine insecurity challenges and coping strategies of residents in the Benin metropolitan area. The research adopted the survey method. A total of 384 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the residents in the study area. However, only 367 valid copies of the questionnaire were returned. The results of the analysis revealed that armed robbery was the most common crime incident in the study area with Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance value of 0.84 and a mean ranking of 1.16. The results further showed that Ikpoba-Okha Local Government Area (LGA) had the highest proportion of armed robbery cases (33.66%), car snatching (34.69%), and rape (38.6%) with a total crime incident of 106.95% (n=138) while Egor LGA had the highest proportion of burglary cases (37.97%). The study further revealed that the perception of respondents to crime incidents was high with a mean value of 4.04. Majority of the respondents (with Kendall’s Coefficient Concordance value of 0.66 (66%) and a mean ranking of 1.56) were of the view that the government should empower local vigilantes to combat crime in the area. The paper concluded with the recommendation that police patrol of the various neighbourhoods in the study area should be intensified and there should be an efficient channel of information gathering with utmost confidentiality between the informants and the respective agencies that are responsible for combating crime.
Geospatial analysis of land use changes and wetland dynamics in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Muhammad Lawal , Abdussalam Auwal Farouk
Published: October 2024

Wetlands are among the world's most valuable ecosystems, and changes in  land use have an impact on their distribution, health, quality, functions,  and provision of services. This study assessed how land use change and  socioeconomic activities drove wetland conversion in Kaduna Metropolis  from 1986--2023. Landsat images (189/053) and SRTM DEMs were obtained  from the USGS. The index-based classification was used to identify and map  the wetlands in the study area and was also used for land use/land  cover analysis classification via eCognition 9.0. A land change modeler on  Idrisi Terrset was used to carry out land use/land cover change detection  and transition analysis. The analysis of the results revealed an overall  accuracy of 92% (0.93 Kappa) for the 1986 classification and 90% (0.88  Kappa) for the 2023 classification. The LULC analysis revealed that built-up areas and vegetation increased by 194.9 km2 and 60.9 km2, respectively,  whereas bare land decreased by 136.5 km2 . With respect to wetland  dynamics, marshlands lost a total of 15 km2 , riparian vegetation lost 28.6  km2, and water bodies declined by 2.6 km2 . The study concluded that  settlement expansion and agricultural activities are the primary drivers of  wetland changes in Kaduna metropolis. The study therefore recommends  the creation of buffer zones around the wetlands to prevent further    encroachment.
An assessment of characteristics of rainfall and temperature variability in Dadinkowa Yamaltu Deba LGA OF Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Bello Muhammed Yerima , Bashir Bello Muhammed , Abubakar Hauwa
Published: October 2024

The study aims to assess the rainfall and temperature pattern to suggest some resilience mechanisms, the farmers' perception of rainfall  and temperature variability, and adaptation strategies. Rainfall and temperature data (1989-2018) from the Upper Benue River Basin  Development Authority Hydrological Department and a structured research questionnaire were used for this study. Statistical tools  commonly used to describe climates such as mean, range, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were employed. Standardized  precipitation Index for the study revealed the first decade (1989-1998) had the highest number of dry years; five (5) moderately dry years,  one (1) severe dry year, and one (1) extremely dry year. This was followed by the third decade (2009- 2018), with four (4)  moderately dry years and one (1) severe dry year. And lastly the Second decade (1990-2018); with only three (3) moderately dry years.  Whereas the third decade (2009-2018) had the highest number of wet years with four (4) slightly wet years, two (2) moderately wet years,  and one (1) considerably wet year. The second decade (2009-2018) was relatively wet with three (3) slightly wet years, one moderately wet  year, one (1) considerably wet, and one extremely wet year while the first decade (1989-1998) had only five 5 slightly wet years. The  last two decades (1999-2008 and 2009-2018) were found to be wet while the first decade was dry. The study showed a temporal  distribution of annual mean temperature in Dadin-kowa. The result revealed that the region experienced a rising and falling pattern from  1989 up to 2010. The region then started experiencing a rise from 2010 down to the end of the study period. Late onset of rains and  increase in temperature have been experienced by the farmers and understood as evidence of variation in climate. The findings of  both empirical data and of the questionnaire agreed that there is evidence of climate variability that can be explained in terms of rainfall  and temperature variability in the area. The coping strategies employed include the use of locally made fertilizer, irrigation, and change  of planting date, mixed cropping, and use of planting period techniques. Thus, awareness raising on climate variability, weather  forecasting, and expanding existing irrigation infrastructure among others were recommended to help ameliorate the effects of climate  change on the farmers' cropping practices.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-associated fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cernea Simona , Onișor Danusia , Roiban Andrada Larisa , Benedek Theodora , Rat Nora
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), particularly in the presence of liver fibrosis, increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the nature of the cardio-hepatic interaction in the context type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not fully understood.

AIM

To evaluate the changes in cardiac morphology and function in patients with T2DM and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis.

METHODS

T2DM patients with MASLD underwent a medical evaluation that included an assessment of lifestyle, anthropometric measurements, vital signs, an extensive laboratory panel, and a standard echocardiography. Liver fibrosis was evaluated using two scores [Fibrosis-4 (FIB4) and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-Fibrosis Score (NFS)], and subjects were classified as having advanced fibrosis, no fibrosis, or an indeterminate risk. The correlations between structural and functional cardiac parameters and markers of liver fibrosis were evaluated through bivariate and multiple regression analyses. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS

Data from 267 T2DM-MASLD subjects with complete assessment was analyzed. Patients with scores indicating advanced fibrosis exhibited higher interventricular septum and left ventricular (LV) posterior wall thickness, atrial diameters, LV end-systolic volume, LV mass index (LVMi), and epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT). Their mean ejection fraction (EF) was significantly lower (49.19% ± 5.62% vs 50.87% ± 5.14% vs 52.00% ± 3.25%; P = 0.003), and a smaller proportion had an EF ≥ 50% (49.40% vs 68.90% vs 84.21%; P = 0.0017). Their total and mid LV wall motion score indexes were higher (P < 0.05). Additionally, they had markers of diastolic dysfunction, with a higher E/e’ ratio [9.64 ± 4.10 vs 8.44 (2.43-26.33) vs 7.35 ± 2.62; P = 0.026], and over 70% had lateral e’ values < 10 cm/second, though without significant differences between groups. In multiple regression analyses, FIB4 correlated with left atrium diameter (LAD; β = 0.044; P < 0.05), and NFS with both LAD (β = 0.039; P < 0.05) and right atrium diameter (β = 0.041; P < 0.01), Moreover, LVMi correlated positively with age and EATT (β = 1.997; P = 0.0008), and negatively with serum sex-hormone binding protein (SHBP) concentrations (β = -0.280; P = 0.004). SHBP also correlated negatively with LAD (β = -0.036; P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

T2DM patients with markers of MASLD-related liver fibrosis exhibit lower EF and present indicators of diastolic dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy. Additionally, LVMi and LAD correlated negatively with serum SHBP concentrations.
Development and Improvement of the International Reference Ionosphere with special emphasis on the topside and extension to the plasmasphere
Authors: Bilitza Dieter , Truhlik Vladimir , Yoshihara Omura , Moldwin Mark B.
Published: October 2024

The International Reference Ionosphere is the international standard for Earth’s ionosphere and recognized as such by the International Standardization Organization (ISO), the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and many other organizations. This paper gives a brief introduction of the IRI model highlighting the many uses of the model in many different fields of theoretical and applied sciences and the ongoing efforts to upgrade the climatological IRI model to real-time conditions with updating indices or by assimilating data into the background IRI. The main part of the paper reviews the recent improvements and evaluations of the IRI topside electron density model and presents a new model option for extending IRI to plasmaspheric altitudes. At the heart of this new option is the use of existing empirical plasmasphere models and the Booker (1977) approach that has so successfully been applied in IRI for modelling the plasma temperatures and ion composition. Three empirical plasmasphere models are evaluated as candidates for this extension option: Carpenter and Anderson (1992), Gallagher et al. (2000), and Ozhogin et al. (2012).
Problemy emocjonalne i behawioralne u dzieci i młodzieży wychowywanych w rodzinach zastępczych
Authors: Zasępa Ewa , Zębrowska Izabela
Published: October 2024

The article presents a review of research on the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents raised in foster families. Epidemiological data indicate that these problems are significantly more in this group compared to children raised in biological families. Analysis of the results of the study indicates that children and adolescents from foster families are relatively more often observed to have behavioral problems than emotional problems. The article also presents factors that may increase the risk of these problems. They are divided into internal and external, environmental factors. The most common problems are polyetiological in nature. Also, the support given to the child and family should take into account multiple spheres and ways of influence.
High Sensitivity in Developmental Contexts: Longitudinal Studies of Early School-Age Children
Authors: Gulla Bożena , Nisiewicz Beata
Published: October 2024

Manifestations of high sensitivity can be recognized even in the youngest children. Therefore, it is not possible to test it through activities that may disrupt its proper functioning. The research presented aims to investigate the development of this trait. There have been no longitudinal studies focusing on this trait in children, as they have not been widely researched or passed between devices that connect children with their parents. The study analyzed data from 131 children aged 8–11, including 84 tested twice, and 33 pairs of parents. The Highly Sensitive Child Scale in the Polish adaptation by Baryła-Matejczuk and Poleszak, and the Highly Sensitive Person Scale translated by Golonka and Gulla were used for measurement.
Ausentismo y desempeño laboral: un acercamiento al rendimiento de las unidades médicas del Hospital General Ambato
Authors: Toaza Andachi Rocío del Pilar , Moreno Gavilanes Klever Armando
Published: October 2024

El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre el ausentismo y el desempeño laboral en las unidades médicas del Hospital Regional Ambato. Mediante un enfoque cuantitativo, se recopiló y analizó información de una muestra estratificada de 277 trabajadores de la salud con un cuestionario validado y adaptado de Querales (2017),compuesto por 26 preguntas, que evaluaba cuatro dimensiones (condiciones personales, características del trabajo, cultura organizacional y políticas institucionales), mostró una alta confiabilidad (?=0,782). Los resultados indicaron que el 61,7% de los participantes son siempre puntuales y el 69% nunca tiene impedimentos familiares. La correlación de Spearman reveló una relación significativa entre ausentismo y cultura organizacional (?= .159, p < .008), pero no con otras dimensiones. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la cultura organizacional influye en los niveles de ausentismo, destacando la necesidad de estrategias organizacionales para mejorar el desempeño laboral. Sin embargo, es aconsejable ampliar la muestra y realizar estudios longitudinales para obtener una visión más completa y generalizable de este fenómeno en diferentes contextos hospitalarios.
CLIMATE TRENDS AND RISKS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Naturas Science and Mathematics, Department of Geography, Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Trbić Goran
Published: October 2024

Climate changes are the drivers of the biggest risks and disasters in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the past two decades. The paper will present climate trends for key climate elements and indices for the period 1961–2023 and their impact on the sectors most vulnerable to climate change. Research indicates that the temperature rise in the largest urban centers has exceeded the threshold of 2oC, and that the rainfall regime has changed to a large extent. Clear trends of increasing dry days (without precipitation) as well as days with intense precipitation can be observed on an annual basis. Such trends are triggers for the occurrence of extreme droughts and floods during the same years. The sectors most threatened by climate change in Bosnia and Herzegovina are: agriculture, water management, forestry, human health, tourism, and biodiversity, while the greatest risks are from floods, droughts, forest fires, and stormy winds. Climatic models and projections until the end of the 21st century indicate a rapid increase in air temperature, a major change in the precipitation regime with an increase in intense precipitation, which conditions fluvial, urban, and torrential floods, but also the number of days without precipitation that affect the occurrence of droughts and forest fires. The paper will present the results of climate projections in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and accordingly indicate the possible directions of adaptation to climate change and the need to integrate them into planning and strategic documents as well as development policies.
CHANGES IN THE WATER REGIME OF LAKE SKADAR IN THE PERIOD 1948–2021
Authors:   University of Montenegro, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Geography, Nikšic, Montenegro, Burić Dragan , Mihajlović Jovan ,   University of Montenegro, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Geography, Nikšic, Montenegro, Penjišević Ivana ,   University of Priština, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Geography, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
Published: October 2024

Lake Skadar is the largest limnological feature on the Balkan Peninsula, and in Montenegro, it holds the status of a national park and is listed on the Ramsar list as an extremely important wetland area. The aim of the study is to analyze the trend of changes in the water levels of Lake Skadar and determine the possible influence of atmospheric and oceanic oscillations on the hydroclimate of the observed area over the past seven decades. The results obtained have shown a significant trend of decreasing mean monthly water levels of Lake Skadar, consequently affecting its seasonal and annual levels. It has also been determined that in the last 15 years, Lake Skadar has experienced both its highest (2010) and lowest (2017) water levels in the entire instrumental period (since 1948). Therefore, in the long term, the water level is decreasing, while in the short term, the frequency of extreme events is increasing. The reasons for the alarming decrease in the water level of Lake Skadar should be sought in changes in precipitation and temperature in its basin. The research has shown a significant increase in air temperature in the lake's basin, while there are no significant changes in precipitation. There is no doubt that the significant warming has led to increased evaporation of water from the lake and its basin. Furthermore, the results have shown that atmospheric and oceanic oscillations influence the hydroclimate of the observed area (water level, precipitation, and temperature). A statistically significant relationship between the lake's water level, precipitation, and temperature in its basin was found in winter with AO, NAO–slp, NAO–500, MOI–1, MOI–2, WeMO, EAWR, SNAO, and SCAND. Temperature variability in summer and autumn is influenced by AMO, while the influence of EA on this parameter is felt throughout all seasons. No statistical correlation was found with any of the considered parameters with indicators of ENSO phenomenon (NINO3.4 and SOI). Regardless of the possible causes of the variability in Lake Skadar's water levels (climate change or natural cycles), decision-makers need to take measures for sustainable management of its hydrological system.