bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oversexualization among emerging adults: Preliminary associations with romantic attachment and intimacy
Authors: Brassard Audrey , Perron-Laplante Josianne , Lachapelle Élise , de Pierrepont Catherine , Péloquin Katherine
Published: November 2018

This study examined romantic attachment and intimacy as correlates of oversexualized behaviours and attitudes among emerging adults. A sample of 587 participants (494 women, 93 men) aged between 18 and 29 completed a series of online questionnaires assessing oversexualization, romantic attachment, and intimacy. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to explore the associations between these variables and examine the moderating role of sex. Results revealed that attachment-related anxiety was associated with overinvestment in sexual appearance, sexual objectification, and performance-based sexuality. This last association was stronger for men than for women. Attachment-related avoidance was associated with seduction and lower meaningfulness of sexuality. In addition, while sexualized language was related to a better perception of emotional, social, sexual, and recreational intimacy, meaningfulness of sexuality was positively related to all dimensions of intimacy. Conversely, sexual objectification was related to lower recreational intimacy, seductive attitude was related to lower emotional intimacy, and overinvestment in one’s sexualized appearance was related to lower sexual intimacy. For men only, overinvestment in sexualized appearance was also related to higher perceived social intimacy Theoretical and clinical implications of these results are discussed.
Crossing sexual barriers: Predictors of sexual guilt and sexual anxiety among young Canadian and American Muslim adults
Authors: Ali-Faisal Sobia
Published: November 2018

The current study tested two exploratory path models predicting sexual guilt and sexual anxiety in young Muslims adults living in Canada and the United States. Using path analysis, I examined the joint influence of background (religiosity, perceived parental sexual attitudes, and gender) and attitudinal (sexual attitudes, gender role attitudes, and sexual double standard) factors on sexual guilt and sexual anxiety. Surveys were completed by 403 Canadian and American young heterosexual Muslim adults (ages 17–35). Most participants (79.4%) were women, approximately one-third of the participants were born outside Canada or the United States, and half identified as students. Most participants identified as either South Asian (43.1%) or Arab (25.1%) and the majority had either an undergraduate (32.3%) or graduate (37.2%) degree. In the final two path models, religiosity both directly and indirectly predicted sexual guilt and anxiety while sexual attitudes, belief in the sexual double standard, and gender role attitudes partially mediated this relationship. Gender role attitudes were strongly related to participants’ support for the sexual double standard, while gender was not a predictor of sexual guilt or anxiety. Perceived parental attitudes had no predictive value, possibly being redundant with religiosity. The path models revealed complex and interesting relationships between the variables which have various implications for young Muslim adults as well as the practitioners who work with them.
Attitudes toward condom carriers: The role of gender
Authors: Leung Pauline C. , MacDonald Tara K.
Published: November 2018

This study assessed personal attitudes and perceptions of societal attitudes toward condom carriers, with a focus on the role of gender. Although prior research suggests that sexually active women in society are looked down upon, there has been little investigation as to whether this view remains pertinent today, and whether this remains the case at the individual—as opposed to societal—level. Participants were female undergraduate students who read vignettes describing either a male or female condom carrier. They then rated the condom carrier’s character and provided estimates of how their peers would rate the same individual. The young women in our sample did not negatively judge female condom carriers; in fact, they viewed a female condom carrier more favourably than a male condom carrier. Similarly, they endorsed beliefs that other women in society (i.e., their female peers) would not differently rate a condom carrier based on gender. However, women believed that their male peers would be significantly more critical of a female, as opposed to a male, condom carrier. The relation to ambivalent sexism is discussed, as well as the implications that these findings may have on an individual’s own beliefs and practices surrounding condom use.
PROBLEMS AND PRINCIPLES OF MARKET LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
Authors: LISYUK V.M. , LOZOVA T.P.
Published: November 2018

Topicality. The most uncertain and perhaps the main among others, both in theory and in logistics, is the problem of logistics management. Especially this problem becomes relevant and important in the formulation of the theoretical and practical presentation of logistics, as the form of organization of the market system, or rather, the logistics chain of the commodity market. It has come to the point that domestic producers lose in the competition to importers due to inefficient logistics, which is better organized by foreign operators. The main reason for this is that the state has out of sight the problem of managing logistics processes, giving its solution to the salary of the relevant business structures, both internal and external.

First of all, for analysis of the management system, all the constituent elements of the system should be defined, namely: the purpose, tasks, objects, objects and subjects of management, the nature and nature of management measures, etc.

Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the management of the logistics of the commodity market and the problems of defining the principles of building a management system. The most effective commodity markets are those that operate in expanded reproduction mode, the quantitative criteria of which are the value added (DF) that are generated on the market. It is on this that the theory of market efficiency is also being built. Thus, the purpose of managing the market logistics is to build (to create) such logistics that would satisfy this requirement.

Research results. The principles, subjects and mechanisms of market logistics management are defined. The structural model of the market logistics management system is constructed. In the structural model, in addition to the basic conditions, which determine the management system itself, management entities whose activity is subordinated to these basic conditions, on the other hand, and, on the other hand, when certain market mechanisms are used, certain (indicated by arrows) are possible managerial influences on corresponding managing parameters of the logistic chains of commodity markets.

Conclusions. Consequently, in the course of the study, we have identified the factors that determine the conditions for the functioning of commodity markets, as well as the construction of their logistic chains.

Thus, the above and above principles, concepts and categories, we combined in our constructed model of management of the logistics chains of commodity markets, which we can recommend for introduction in order to accelerate their development.
Вітаємо ювіляра! Дмитру Дмитровичу Дячуку 60 років!
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: November 2018

23 вересня 2018 року виповнилось 60 років із дня народження відомого вченого та талановитого організатора охорони здоров’я, члена-кореспондента Національної академії медичних наук України Дмитра Дмитровича Дячука.
Науково-методичний супровід впровадження стандартизованих підходів до профілактики серцево-судинних захворювань у практичну діяльність Державної наукової установи «Науково-практичний центр профілактичної та клінічної медицини»
Authors: Dyachuk D. D. , Moroz G. Z. , Hydzynska I. M. , Lasitsya T. S.
Published: November 2018

Мета – оптимізація заходів профілактики серцево-судинних захворювань (ССЗ) у Державній науковій установі «Науково-практичний центр профілактичної та клінічної медицини» Державного управління справами (ДНУ «НПЦ ПКМ» ДУС) у відповідності до вимог доказової медицини шляхом розробки та впровадження локального протоколу медичної допомоги (ЛПМД) «Профілактика серцево-судинних захворювань». Матеріал і методи. Досліджено поширеність чинників ризику (ЧР) ССЗ серед 210 державних службовців. Розробку ЛПМД «Профілактика ССЗ» проводили за методологією, регламентованою Наказом МОЗ України від 28.09.2012 р. № 751, з урахуванням потреб і можливостей закладу. Результати. За результатами анкетного опитування в 54,28±3,44% випадків державні службовці оцінили виконання рекомендацій щодо здорового способу життя та профілактики захворювань за п'ятибальною шкалою на 3 бали та нижче. Серед ЧР ССЗ найпоширенішими виявилися такі поведінкові ЧР, як недостатнє вживання основних продуктів здорового харчування (рекомендоване вживання риби – 35,2±3,3 % опитаних, овочів – 14,28±2,41%, фруктів – 15,24±2,48%, обмеження продуктів із надмірним вмістом кухонної солі – 43,81±3,42%) і гіподинамія (59,05±3,4%). У ході розробки ЛПМД основну увагу було приділено заходам визначення, корекції та моніторингу ЧР ССЗ лікарями на всіх етапах медичної допомоги. До переліку обов’язкових заходів увійшли підтримка мотивації пацієнта на виконання рекомендацій щодо здорового способу життя, медикаментозного лікування та досягнення оптимального контролю ЧР. Висновки. У ДНУ «НПЦ ПКМ» ДУС вперше в Україні з використанням переваг електронного документообігу впроваджено ЛПМД «Профілактика серцево-судинних захворювань». Запропоновані положення ЛПМД використано для розробки Уніфікованого клінічного протоколу медичної допомоги, затвердженого Наказом МОЗ України 13.06.2016 р. № 564.
Особливості перебігу хронічних цереброваскулярних ускладнень артеріальної гіпертензії в осіб працездатного віку
Authors: Lytvyn O. V.
Published: November 2018

В Україні цереброваскулярна патологія складає 20-40% усіх захворювань мозку, а 20-30% пацієнтів, які мають цереброваскулярні захворювання (ЦВЗ), є особами працездатного віку, і в основному в них виявляють хронічні повільно прогресуючі форми – дисциркуляторніенцефалопатії.

Мета – вивчити клініко-неврологічні та нейропсихологічні особливості цереброваскулярних розладів в осіб працездатного віку.

Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 90 осіб віком від 40 до 68 років, які мали дисциркуляторну енцефалопатію (ДЕ). Пацієнтів розподілили на дві групи: перша – пацієнти з ДЕ та артеріальною гіпертензією (АГ) – 60 осіб, друга – з ДЕ без АГ – 30 хворих. Усім проведено клініко-неврологічне та клініко-інструментальне обстеження.

Результати. За результатами оцінки суб'єктивної та об’єктивної неврологічної симптоматики серед пацієнтів першої групи встановлено: у 61,7% випадків цефалічний синдром, у 55,0% – вестибулярний, у 31,7% – церебрастенічний, у 28,3% – мнестичний синдроми, у 23,3% – тривожно-депресивні розлади. Серед пацієнтів другої групи встановлено: у 66,6% випадків цефалічний синдром, у 43,3% – вестибулярний, у 46,6% – церебрастенічний, у 23,3% – мнестичний синдроми, у 20,0% – тривожно-депресивні розлади, у 20,0% – пірамідна недостатність. У пацієнтів із гіпертонічною ДЕ зі зростанням показника депресії та тривоги спостерігали зменшення показника пам’яті.

Висновки. У пацієнтів із ДЕ без АГ суттєво погіршено пам’ять за шкалою MMSE (p<0,003). Серед емоційно-вольових розладів в осіб працездатного віку з ДЕ на тлі АГ здебільшого переважали тривога (p<0,001) і депресія (p=0,033). Зростання показника депресії та тривоги у пацієнтів із ДЕ на тлі АГ зменшує показники загальної когнітивної продуктивності, орієнтації та пам'яті.
Некоторые аспекты патогенеза черепно-мозговой травмы (обзор литературы)
Authors: Myrzaeva N. S.
Published: November 2018

Представлен обзор литературы, определены особенности легкой черепно-мозговой травмы. Описаны ряд синдромов, возникающих при легкой черепно-мозговой травме, факторы риска и субъективные клинические проявления легких черепно-мозговых травм. Нарушения, возникающие после перенесенных черепно-мозговых травм, приобретают затяжное, проградиентное течение с длительной утратой трудоспособности среди лиц наиболее молодого трудоспособного возраста. Современная неврология столкнулась с тенденцией роста частоты черепно-мозговых травм с 25% до 80% от общего количества неврологических болезней. Это связано с современными процессами урбанизации, внедрением современных технологий, дорожно-транспортными происшествиями (ДТП), локальными вооруженными конфликтами и пр. факторами. В основном травматизму подвержены лица мужского пола в возрасте 20-50 лет, что определяет его социальное значение. Исходы острой черепно-мозговой травмы могут быть различными: от полного выздоровления до развития у 30-96% пострадавших различных неблагоприятных последствий и осложнений. К последствиям ЧМТ относится неврологическая патология, выявляемая спустя 3-12 месяцев и более после травмы, и клинические проявления могут сохраняться и видоизменяться в виде отдельных остаточных явлений.
Хронічний гастрит: сучасні клініко-морфологічні уявлення (лекція)
Authors: Kuryk O. G. , Kolomoyets M. Yu.
Published: November 2018

У лекції наведено сучасні клініко-морфологічні класифікації хронічного гастриту. Виділено основний етіологічний чинник хронічного гастриту – інфекцію H. pylori. Дано визначення поняття атрофії, відзначено, що атрофія може бути імітованою за рахунок запального інфільтрату. Розглянуто типи атрофії – метапластичний і неметапластичний. Зазаначено, що метаплазія слизової оболонки шлунка буває двох типів – повного (тонкокишкова) та неповного (товстокишкова); підкреслено, що неповна метаплазія є передраковим станом. Дано характеристику дисплазій слизової оболонки шлунка. Розглянуто два шляхи канцерогенезу раку шлунка та відзначено, що H. pylori належить до канцерогенів I групи. Коротко розглянуто інші нехелікобактерні форми хронічного гастриту.
SEMIOTIC TOOLS IN CRIMINALISTIC COGNITION
Authors: Terehovich V. N. , Nimande E. V.
Published: November 2018

Based on the modern ideas of semiotics and the practice of conducting investigations into trespasses, the article provides a description of the features of the sign system tools in the criminalistic cognition. The article deals with the nature of symbolic, index and descriptive tools of cognition used in the investigation into trespasses. The difference between these cognition tools consists of the level of conditionality in sign representation. The use ofsymbolic tools in criminalistic cognition is mediated through the language of legal texts (protocols, queries, conclusions, orders, etc), the drafting and reading these documents requires legal education. The development and use of index tools in criminalistic cognition is connected with optimizing the implementation of certain types of investigation actions. Sign indices are most commonly used in examinations, they allow for an economical, concise and sufficiently graphic representation of objects studied by the expert. Expressive tools of criminalistic cognition provide a very cost-effective and prompt way to get the images of objects that are devoid of a subjective factor of a person making these images, thus ensuring the maximum level of similarity between the object to be depicted and the depiction image.
THE PROBLEMS IN LEGAL ASSESSMENT AND EXPERT STUDY OF EDIBLE POPPY
Authors: Komarov I. M.
Published: November 2018

The article analyzes legal sources regulating the legal status of edible poppy, which is often used as an object for trespasses involving illegal trafficking of narcotic substances. It deals with specific issues of importance for correct application of the criminal law with regard to prosecuting criminals, including the issues of an expert study of edible poppy in order to identify the features warranting it as an object of trespassing. The article suggests unifying all the notions related to the genus Papaver (somniferum, opium, etc) that can be used in forensic and investigation practice. The author believes that the contents of the Russian standards containing all the requirements to the edible poppy seeds (including imports) must be brought into conformity with the international and Russian legislation, while methodological recommendations regarding the study of edible poppy seeds in forensic examinations should be unified and meet the law in force (that should be unified as well).
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC IDEAS ABOUT TACTICAL OPERATIONS
Authors: Shevchuk V. M.
Published: November 2018

The article studies the creation and development of the criminalistic category of a «tactical operation». The genesis of tactical operations is investigated along two avenues: theoretical (as a scientific category within criminalistics) and practical (as a means ofpractical functioning of investigation bodies). The article provides its analysis of tactical operations with regard to determining factors that influenced the creation and development of this criminalistic category. It investigates into the problems of determining stages in the tactical operations development history and their formation as a scientific criminalistic category as well as a comprehensive tactical tool of practical application in criminal proceedings. The emergence, formation and introduction of arrays of investigation actions, operation and search measures, tactical operations in the forensic and investigation practices are closely connected with the establishment of criminalistics as an independent area of knowledge. Research into the history of emergence and formation as well as the present state and perspectives for the development of tactical operations is necessary to form the concepts of this criminalistic category, determine its nature, essence, theoretical significance and practical application. The article concludes with suggesting perspective areas for further scientific research into the given problems.
THE STRUCTURE OF THE CAUSE AND EFFECT LINK IN THE CAUSALITY THEORY OF CRIMINALISTICS
Authors: Velikanov S. V.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with the issues of the cause and effect link structure in the causality theory of criminalistics. It identifies similarity levels for causality as well as their hierarchy. Within the context of subject’s instrumental causality the link structure is represented by related events «the subject’s decision», «the subject’s action», «the use of the means», «the formation of the trace». Within the context of the subject causality without instruments the article discusses the links between the events «the subject’s decision» - «the subject’s actions» - «the formation of the trace». The context of object causality links the events «the object’s actions» and «the formation of the trace». The link «the subject’s decision» - «the subject’s actions» in subject causality is described as a mental phenomenon and with this regard the article provides arguments in favor of compatibility of the subject’s free will and determinism. The other links that are discussed in the article are of deterministic nature, as they take place while interacting with material objects and are governed by natural laws. The article determines the areas and branches of criminalistics where these contexts of cause and effect links are the most common.
TACTICAL PECULIARITIES OF QUESTIONING UNDERAGE VICTIMS OF VIOLENT CRIMES
Authors: Pyaskovskyy V. V.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with general tactical conditions of questioning underage victims during the investigation of violent crimes. It suggests considering this investigation action with regard to peculiarities of persons who committed these crimes, or persons related to them, as well as their day-to-day activity; the availability of information about the events that preceded, coincided or followed the crime; determination of the origin of facts and their interrelationship, their temporal and locational properties. The experience of law enforcement officers of many European states shows that skillful communication with the underage victims of violent crimes may considerably contribute to solving tasks of legal proceedings in a specific criminal case. The article claims that a successful investigation action (questioning) where an underage is involved requires attention to a number of points: the choice of the venue and time of the questioning, the form of interaction between the investigator and the underage; the extent of the investigator’s interaction with parents (custodians) of the underage participant; the number of people present.
ON THE EXPERT’S RIGHT TO BE PRESENT AT LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Shcherbakovskiy M. G.
Published: November 2018

The article discusses the reasonsfor an expert to participate in legal proceedings. The gnoseological reason for that consists of the bad quality of materials subject to examination that renders the examination either completely impossible or compromises objective, reasoned and reliable assessment of the findings. The procedural reason consists ofa proscription for an expert to collect evidence himself or herself. The author investigates into the ways of how an expert can participate in legal proceedings. If the defense invites an expert to participate in the proceedings, then it is recommended that his or her involvement should be in the presence of attesting witnesses and recorded in the protocol. In the course of the legal proceedings an expert has the following tasks: adding initial data, acquiring new initial data, understanding the situation of the incident, acquiring new objects to be studied, including samples for examination. An expert’s participation in legal proceedings differs from the participation of a specialist or an examination on the scene of the incident. The author describes the tasks that an expert solves in the course of legal proceedings, the peculiarities ofan investigation experiment practices, the selection of samples for an examination, inspection, interrogation.
ON THE INTRODUCTION OF A NEW KIND OF A FORENSIC EXAMINATION - «WAR»
Authors: Chuprun V. T.
Published: November 2018

The article determines the relevance of introducing a new type of a forensic examination - a «war» examination. It argues the necessity of its theoretical and methodological support. The article offers the subject and object of a forensic war examination and determines the array of its objects. It defines the notion of «tactics» and provides a classification of military actions as well as illustrates its interrelation with an operational planning skills and strategizing. By describing the components and the subject of the research in the field of war science, namely «the art of war», the author demonstrates the presence of particular features peculiar to military actions of different levels. This allows conducting a specific and targeted research by every component into the episodes of organized use of weapons and equipment at the tactical, operational and strategic levels. Based on these findings, the article suggests a tentative classification of forensic examinations - «war» and its subtypes with outlying the specific features of problems connected with war crimes. It also provides requirements to the qualifications and training of a forensic expert under this new specialization.
PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE OF A FORENSIC EXPERT AS A PYCHOLINGUISTIC PHENOMENON
Authors: Kravchenko O. M.
Published: November 2018

Based on the reference as well as scientific and research method sources, the article analyzes peculiarities of competence in general and forensic expert’s professional language and communication competence as a psycholinguistic phenomenon in particular. It outlines systemic and multicomponent notions of «competence» and «capacity», «language and communication competence» with regard to the characteristics of a linguistic personality. The article summarizes theoretical and practical research in the areas of linguistics and psychology and suggests a definition of the notion of «forensic expert’s language and communication competence» as a presence of the person’s communication skills to communicate in typical conditions of an expert activity, be in command of the means of the literary language, its terminology and professional vocabulary, demonstrate the capacity to solve communication tasks in real situations of communication and listening. The article specifies the basics for the command of a literary language as an indicator of a developed language and communication competence. It also provides specifications for main communication conditions (including computer communication) with the indication of primary conditions for successful achievement of a communicative intent which is instrumental for the specialist’s professional success.
RELEVANT ISSUES OF STUDYING SIGNATURES MADE BY PEOPLE WITH DELIBERATE CHANGE OF THEIR REGULAR SIGNATURE HANDWRITING FEATURES
Authors: Sohranych T. V. , Syrotenko-Katsman N. V. , Didushok N.Y. , Abrosymova V. G.
Published: November 2018

Signatures, given their specific nature and functional purpose, represent the most common object for the study of handwriting. The expert practice shows that among true signatures, i. e. signatures made by respective signatories, there are often signatures that have been deliberately changed by the signatory to make it look as a fake signature. In order to find a proper solution to problems regarding the given objects, it is necessary to know the ways of changing the signature handwriting by the signatory, understand their peculiarities, have considerable array of comparative material for a long period of time and represented in the form of not only samples of signatures made by persons in question, but the samples of their handwriting as well. The article provides a number of types of changing the features of signature handwriting and provides some examples from practice. Based on the undertaken research the obtained data on the processes of changing the signatures by signatories themselves allow to create an expert methodology to be used in especially challenging signature study tasks.
EXPERT STUDY OF DESOMORPHTNE
Authors: Zarubina M. V. , Sych I. V.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with the problem of circulation of codeine containing drugs on the territory of Ukraine and its legal regulation. It provides an overview of the history of origin and main pharmacological properties of desomorphine, a semisynthetic opioid that is classified as a particularly dangerous controlled narcotic. The article describes main stages in desomorphine crude synthesis, the appearance of desomorphine samples in illegal circulation; it also suggests a scheme for identification of desomorphine in objects under study with the use of quality analysis methods applying common alkaloid reagents (Marquis, Froehde, Mandelin), ascending and 2-dimensional thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography. The results obtained with quality reaction and thin-layer chromatography method with the use ofdeveloping reagents are presented in the respective tables and graphs. The suggested methods are informative, they can be used in express-analysis of unknown narcotics and crude psychotropic substances, particularly desomorphine, in expert institutions of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, the Ministry for Internal Affairs of Ukraine to solve identification, classification and diagnostic expert tasks.
THE USE OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED FROM PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL EXAMINATION OF CONSTRUCTION OBJECTS AS A PREREQUISITE FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AND OBJECTIVE RESOLUTION OF ISSUES CONNECTED WITH CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL STUDIES
Authors: Puhachova I. L. , Kucherenko R. І.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with the peculiarities of monitoring the technical state of construction objects comprising the measures to trace the deformation of buildings (constructions) on the whole, deformation and stress state of certain structures, the state of the ground, foundations, and underground waters in the construction zone, timely recording and assessment ofany deviations from the project, normative and regulation requirements, comparison of the forecast on the mutual influence of the object and the environment with the results obtained from the monitoring in order to ensure a timely prevention and elimination of the identified adverse phenomena and processes. The article provides a basis for undertaking inspections of construction objects, enumerates issues connected with construction and technical studies, whose solution requires the expert to have knowledge of the technical state of the buildings, structures, some of their structural elements, recorded by the preliminary technical examination of the technical inspection in the documents that were drafted by specialized organizations or specialists who have a license to conduct this activity. The article provides extracts from main normative documents regulating mandatory verification of the technical state of buildings and structures and that are used in construction and technical studies.
FORENSIC ECONOMIC EXAMINATION AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE FORMATION OF PRINCIPLE TO ENSURE POSITIVE EFFECTS IN ECONOMY
Authors: Homutenko O. V
Published: November 2018

The emergence of economic conflicts, just like any other conflicts, eventually requires the procedure of proving the presence or absence of certain elements that constituted the reason for their emergence. One of the ways of proving that in legal proceedings is a forensic economic examination. Based on the principles of economic synergy, the elimination, including, among other thing, of criminal interaction schemes, is a consequential development stage on the way of forming a solid economy of the region. Forensic economic examination is considered to be one of the modern forms of involvement in a set of measures to destroy undesirable economic systems by creating «chaos» as a precondition for creating something new. The information about conflict situations that is collected by conducting forensic economic examinations, among other sources, has a positive influence on the behavior of economic subjects with regard to their observance of norms regulating economic relations, and contributes to the observance of uniform operation rules and norms for all the enterprises in the region. This is a contribution to the formation of the principle that ensures positive synergy effects in the processes of modern regional development.
PECULIARITIES OF FINANCIAL AND TAX ACCOUNTING OF TRANSACTIONS ON DEBT CONVERSION
Authors: Poroshin D. Yu. , Semenova N. Yu.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with peculiarities of conducting forensic economic studies connected with collecting income tax and value added tax as well as the order for recording debt conversion in financial accounting. It discusses methods that are used while conducting the studies, lists the relevant articles of normative acts that regulate the order of recording debt conversion transactions in financial accounting. It also considers a number ofpossible situations for debt conversion transactions, the order of recording them in financial accounting and tax consequences of these transactions. Having analyzed the requirements of the tax legislation, the article claims that debt conversion transactions constitute an object exempt of income tax and vale added tax because: such transactions cannot be classified as obtaining income and do not constitute trade in debt obligations; the transfer of credit debt of one debtor to another is still a liability and not a commodity (work or service); such transactions do not conform with any definition of transactions for the supply of goods, services or factoring.
PECULIARITIES OF APPLYING BALLISTIC GEL AS A SIMULATOR OF HUMAN BIOLOGICAL TISSUES
Authors: Filipchuk O. V. , Gurov O. M.
Published: November 2018

The study of a mechanism of gunshot wound formation is the main task of wound ballistics. The damaging effect of the wounding projectile (the regularities in the formation of a temporary pulsating cavity) can be studied the most effectively as part of an experiment on simulators whose physical properties (density, elasticity, the capacity to absorb energy) resemble the tissues of a living human. The article presents modern capacities of applying ballistic gel as the most representative biological simulator of a living human s tissues. The article suggests priority methods ofmaking blocks of gel, the conditions of conducting the experiment and mathematic processing of data from the perspective wounding ballistics. Due to the elastic properties of gel, the temporary pulsating cavity that emerges in the course of the wounding projectile in the same way as the living tissues collapse with the permanent wound tract. In order to evaluate the volume of the damaging effect of the wounding projectile there are used standard calculation methods: the fissure surface area (FSA), wound profile method (WPM), the total crack length method (TCL).
FORENSIC MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OF CERVICAL SPINE TRAUMAS WITH THE ACCOUNT OF CHANGES IN CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS
Authors: Olkhovskiy V. A. , Gubin N. V. , Peshenko A. N.
Published: November 2018

The article analyzes the up-to-date state and problematic issues of forensic medical diagnosis of cervical spine injuries. It establishes that there are cases when forensic medical experts underestimate the outcomes and consequences of this trauma. It studies the state of the central hemodynamics of the injured with cervical spine traumas. At the same time 107 injured were divided into two groups: with clear and moderate manifestations. The research applied an objective and modern method of Doppler echocardiography. The conducted research has demonstrated significant changes in extraand intracerebral blood flow. The results of the comparative analysis show that forensic medical assessment of cervical spine traumas should take into account the results of Doppler echocardiography. Among these results the most informative are functional changes of the cerebral and spinal arteries. The manifestation of these deviations is determined, primarily, by the severity and time of injuries. The article determines the ways of improving forensic medical examinations of the injured with cervical spine traumas. It demonstrates the criteria significance of changes in bloodflow of cerebral and cervical arteries of the injured while establishing the severity of injuries.
DETERMINING AIRGUN TYPES FROM MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF INPUT BALL INJURIES ON SOLID OBSTACLES
Authors: Kozachenko I. M.
Published: November 2018

Experimental shots were carried out on thin cardboard sheets from two air rifles of sixth and twelfth barrel rifling with expansion bullets of 6 brands having 4 types of head-terms: domed or roundnose, wadcutter, point and hollow point. It was determined that with the shots from rifles MP-512, which has a barrel with sixth rifling, the damage from action from balls with domedor wadcutter-type warhead on solid obstacles had the shape of hexagonal defect, but the shot balls of point type had hexagonal abrasion ring defect, corresponding to the number of barrel rifling. When fired from rifles Diana350M, which has a barrel with twelfth rifling, damage from balls with domed or wadcutter warhead was produced in the shape of defects with serrated edges and an abrasion ring, which reflected the barrel rifling that generally resembles pinion teeth. Defect sizes in damages from all applied balls practically coincide with the size of the warhead and external dimension injuries from bullets with pointed warhead match the diameter of the shafting balls. For the first time the possibility of determining the number of rifling in the barrel by means of morphological features of bullet injuries from airguns on solid obstacles is proved.
FEATURES OF THE NOTION OF WEAPONS IN THE CRIMINALISTICAL SCIENCE ON WEAPONS
Authors: Terehovich V. N. , Nimande E. V.
Published: November 2018

Particularities of the criminalistic notion of weapons are described from the standpoint of modern foundations of criminalistical science on weapons and practice on investigation of criminal acts.
ON COMPULSORY ORDERING OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Shcherbakovskyi M. H.
Published: November 2018

The problem of compulsory ordering of forensic examinations in accordance with domestic and foreign legislation is considered. It is shown that, taking into account the needs of practice and development offorensic examinations, the most expedient is the formulation of the procedural norm with general requirements that determine the cases of compulsory involvement of an expert.
SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM OF OPTICAL RESEARCH METHODS OF MICROOBJECTS
Authors: Klymenko N. I. , Nenia O. V.
Published: November 2018

The research method as a method of scientific cognition as well as the scientific foundations of optical methods for expert examination of microobjects are considered. The methodological and practical aspects of the systematization of optical methods for studying microobjects are analyzed and their multilevel classification is proposed. The possibilities of individual optical methods for studying microobjects are highlighted.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE QUALITY SYSTEM FOR IMPROVEMENT OF FORENSIC-EXPERT ACTIVITY
Authors: Kosmina N. N.
Published: November 2018

The main tendencies of the development of modern requirements to the competence of testing and calibration laboratories related with the introduction of a modern model of the management system, with the generalization of the results of researches in expert laboratories are analyzed.
SOME FEATURES OF METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE RESEARCH OF SIGNATURES MADE BY PERSONS WITH CHANGES IN SIGNS OF THEIR OWN SIGNATURE HANDWRITING
Authors: Sohranych T. V. , Syrotenko-Katsman N. V. , Didushok N. Ya.
Published: November 2018

The main stages of researches of signatures made with changing signs of their own signature handwriting of performers are considered. The most important features of each stage which should be given with special attention, are defi ned. Examples from the expert practice of Kharkiv RIFE are given.
FEATURES OF FORENSIC EXPERT RESEARCH OF STANDARDS EXCEEDINGS FOR MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS
Authors: Sabadash V. V.
Published: November 2018

The paper considers methodological approaches to the execution of the forensic engineering and environmental examination in the research of the excess of standard for maximum permissible emissions of pollutants from stationary sources at the enterprise to confirm the correctness of characteristics and output data used for calculating the size (value) of compensation for losses caused to the state.
FEATURES OF RESEARCH OF TARIFF CALCULATION FOR SERVICES ON MAINTENANCE OF HOUSES AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES
Authors: Panchenko N. I. , Gordienko I. M.
Published: November 2018

Consideration is given to features of conducting the economic researches on issues of justifying the tariff calculation for the maintenance of houses and adjacent territories with taking into account the findings of construction and technical research. The paper gives the normative and legislative acts, which regulate the tariff formation procedure for house maintenance services. The authors define the list of documents to be examined for a documentary and regulatory justification of the tariff calculation for the maintenance of house and adjacent territories.
DESIGNATED PURPOSE OF CRIMINALISTIC KNOWLEDGE AND AMBITION TO THE EUROPEAN STANDARDS IN COUNTERACTING CRIMINALITY
Authors: Shepitko V. Yu.
Published: November 2018

The formation and development of criminalistic knowledge and their targeted purpose are considered. Subjects of applying criminalistic knowledge in different countries of the world and in different historical periods are defined. The tendencies concerning changes in the subjects of applying criminalistic knowledge in the adversarial criminal process are retraced. One of the tendencies of the past was the shift of the scientific-cognitive emphasis in favor of the investigating crimes process, which entailed the final displacementfrom the subject domain of Criminalistics of such phenomenon as the crime with all the consequences. Criminalistics focused on the cognition of the material traces of crime, on the collection, evaluation and use of evidence, cognition ofproofprocess. During this period, the only consumer and subject of the use of criminalistic knowledge was the investigator. In connection with the reform of the judiciary and law enforcement bodies, there appear new subjects, using criminalistic knowledge: the parties of the criminal proceedings, the procedural head, the head of the pre-trial investigation body, the investigating magistrate, etc. In addition, reforming of the entire law enforcement system, the creation of new institutions (in particular, in the area of corruption counteraction), is associated with the emergence of specific officials - detectives (persons who combine investigative and operative activities). Legislative bases for creation of search services - private detective agencies (private detectives) are also being developed. Thus, the adversarial process leads to the change of the subjects using criminalistic knowledge. Now we can speak about the formation of "competitive criminalistics", criminalistics for the prosecution party and the professional protection party, as well as criminalistics for the court (forensic criminalistics). The introduction of progressive European standards, the expansion of the methods of judicial protection of an individual in the criminal proceedings and the means of proof is associated with the changes in criminalistic tools, with offering of methods, techniques and technologies used in countering criminality.
SCIENTIFIC PREREQUISITES AND METHODICAL BASES FOR THE FORMATION OF TACTICAL OPERATIONS IN CRIMINALISTICS
Authors: Shevchuk V. M.
Published: November 2018

The scientific prerequisites and methodical foundations of tactical operations in the forensic investigative activity are studied. It’s substantiated that the methodical basis for the formation of tactical operations is the active, system-structural and technological approaches. These approaches are becoming more common in the Criminalistics, significantly expanding the opportunities and prospects for the scientific cognition in this field of knowledge. Guided by the fundamentals of the system-structural approach, it can be asserted that a tactical operation has all the attributes of a systemic formation, it should be considered as a complex real system of active type, realized by specially authorized subjects and directed at solving separate tactical (intermediate) tasks stipulated by investigative (judicial) situations. Tactical operation is considered as a systemic formation of the active type, which has such properties as integrity, structuring, hierarchy, purposefulness, relations and interaction between elements. Successful realization of the technological approach to the solution of these problems assumes the necessity ofthe development of a peculiar program, regulating the preparation and implementation of a tactical operation. The essence of the technological approach to the formation and implementation of tactical operations is the consistent performance of the system of appropriate actions, taking into account the dynamic structure of the activity on investigation of crimes and judicial supervision behind materials of criminal proceedings. It’s used for construction of typical programs of crime investigation and the judicial supervision, typical tactical operations, staging, regularity and is a basis technology of formation of tactical and criminalistic complexes aimed at the decision of separate tactical tasks. The technology of a tactical operation should be developed as a kind of criminalistics technology, derivative from investigative technology, technology of investigative (search) actions, technology for crime investigation and judicial proceeding. Prospective directions for the further researches of the considered problematics are offered.
CRIME METHOD IN THE SPHERE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AS SYSTEM-FORMING ELEMENT OF CRIMINALISTICS DESCRIPTION
Authors: Dudnikov A. L.
Published: November 2018

The problem questions of criminalistic interrelations of the crime method in sphere of economic activities with other elements of criminalistic characteristic (a subject of a criminal infringement, personality of a criminal, typical traces) are studied. Depending on circumstances, key value when investigating crimes in the sphere of economic activity may have any from the specified elements of the criminalistic characterictics. The analysis of investigative and judicial practice shows that there exist correlation dependences between such structural elements of a criminalistic characteristic of crimes in the sphere of economic activity as their method, typical traces and criminal personalities because the type and the method of a crime are in a close relation with the criminal personality. But as this research and investigative practice proves, for this type of crimes the method occupies a special, leading position. It’s a system-forming element of a criminalistic characteristic which is related with the other dependences of high degree ofprobability. It’s explained by that a method is most informative, and in it (by means of it) all components of process of preparation, fulfillment and crime concealment in the sphere of economic activity are fully displayed. The crimes methods study is a source for the newest recommendations on struggle against crime. The data about this criminalistic category is used for working out tactical means and methodical recommendations about disclosure, investigation and the prevention of crimes in the sphere of economic activity and also for the organization and planning of investigation. In particular, the information about the methods of crimes is used for providing comprehensiveness, all-roundness and efficiency of investigation; for search of the persons who have committed a crime, and also for the prevention from their committing by already known methods or by such that could appear.
MEANS OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL COGNITION
Authors: Vatral A. V.
Published: November 2018

The paper deals with the basic means of investigator’s cognition during investigation of a criminal offence. It was clarified that criminal procedural cognition as a process of knowledge formation on factual circumstances of the committed crime, unlike other kinds of human informative activity, occurs in the form ofproving. The relationship of notions «knowledge» and «proving» was analyzed. It was proved that resolving tasks of the criminal process depends on criminalistics means of reception, analysis and estimation of the evidential information to which it’s possible to refer investigative (search), covert investigative (search) actions and criminalistics technique, as well as identified (marked) and fake (imitating) means. The reason were given that investigative (search), covert investigative (search) actions in gnoseological and methodological plans are the means for cognition of crime event, persons who committed it, as well as the circumstances of criminalproceedings, that is, practical cognitive activity in the procedural form established by the law. The criminalistics technics as the set of devices, apparatus, equipments, gears, methods and ways of their use, has a number of common features with the means applied during covert investigatory (search) actions. The role of cognitive means which consists in revealing, recording and further investigation of the crime traces and also in creating conditions for necessary information receiving is defined. The data received with the help ofspecial means, are used in criminal procedural informative activity for the construction of versions, planning of crime investigation with the aim to restore a reliable picture of the event occurred. There was paid attention that the true knowledge acquired in the course ofpre-judicial investigation and judicial proceeding is decisive for their results because they allow to make well-founded criminally-procedural decisions on brining a guilty person to a responsibility for the committed crime.