bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Benefits of Probiotic Combination with Absorbent Smectite in type 2 Diabetes Patients a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Kobyliak Nazarii , Abenavoli Ludovico , Falalyeyeva Tetyana , Kovalchuk Oleksandr , Kyriienko Dmytro , Komisarenko Iuliia
Published: July 2020

Background:

Numerous non-drug therapies have emerged in recent years for the prevention
and improvement of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, therapies based on dietary modification
and/or microbiota may replace a large part of drug therapies in the coming years.

Aim:

The aim of the current study was to conduct placebo-controlled randomize clinical trial for
the efficiency of a combination of multiprobiotics with smectite absorbent gel (Symbiter-Forte formulation)
as an adjunction to the standard anti-diabetic therapy.

Methods:

A total of 55 patients met the criteria and were included in double-blind single center
RCT, to receive “Symbiter-Smectite” or placebo for 8-weeks administered as a sachet formulation.
The primary outcome was the change in HOMA2-IR and insulin sensitivity (% S). Secondary outcomes
were glycemic control parameters, β-cells functional activity, anthropometric parameters
and markers of a chronic systemic inflammatory response.

Results:

Combined use of the probiotic mixture with smectite leads to a significant reduction in
HOMA2-IR (3.14±0.97 vs 2.79±0.85; р=0.009) and improvement in % S (34.65±9.92 vs
39.42±12.78; p=0.011) after 8 weeks of the treatment period. Simultaneously, in the secondary outcome
analysis lowering of HbA1c, waist circumference but not BMI and pro-inflammatory cytokines
IL-1β (p=0.004), TNF-α (p=0.008), IL-6 (p=0.005) and IL-8 (p=0.042) were detected. In
placebo group, changes were insignificant.

Conclusion:

Probiotic with smectite due to its absorbent activity and stabilization mucus layer
properties can impact the synergistic enhancement of a single effect, which manifested with a significant
reduction in IR, waist circumference, markers of chronic systemic inflammation and improvement
of glycemic profile as compared to placebo.
Reinventing Medical education in the COVID-19 era (Preprint)
Authors: Das Saswati
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Since January 2020, COVID-19 pandemic has engulfed the whole world. Many cities in the world have been under lockdown during this outbreak and the regular classes, clinical, laboratory sessions have been suspended in most medical schools. In the midst of this pandemic, we have had to reinvent the pedagogy of undergraduate medical teaching. This perspective article discusses how medical education has been affected by COVID-19 around the world and how it has made educators rethink their teaching strategy. This pandemic has pushed us to come up with a contingency plan for continuing medical education in the event of a disaster that requires containment.
“Herd Immunity” Controlled and Planned versus Uncontrolled and Random, in the strategy to fight against COVID 19:
An option with Live Pathogen Virus Vaccine (Preprint)
Authors: Rivas Ruiz Eduardo
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Abstract
This study proposes a feasible strategy for the fight against COVID 19. The strategy aims to reduce the risks of “herd immunity” (or collective immunity) that can occur in an uncontrolled and random way, which has arisen in view of the current pandemic-related situation. This type of strategy would be useful in reactivation of economic activities and lifting of measures of social distancing and quarantine; however, these activities could lead governments to promote misguided decisions with negative health consequences, new spikes in infections, collapse of health services, and re-implementation of control measures and social distancing. Thus, when analyzing the consequences of this strategy, we consider that this concept of herd immunity should be designed differently so that the results are different from the above-mentioned negative consequence. We propose the development of a live pathogen virus vaccine (LPV) with a low viral load that meets the required criteria and allows us to apply this vaccine in conjunction with a herd immunity for generating the necessary immunity, reducing the impact and consequences on health and economies, and reducing the risks in general although this does not mean that they do not exist as they are presented with other types of vaccines, to achieve a return to gradually normality.
Teaching about Waves with Applications in Lenses
Authors: Pavlos Mihas , Triantafyllos Gemousakakis
Published: July 2020

The paper examines ways of teaching wave pulses traveling on strings and wave fronts in two dimensional waves. The phenomena examined for pulses are: reflection, transmission and superposition. Two methods of finding the refracted wave fronts, the corresponding rays and the refraction angle are presented. Then the gradual change of the speed of propagation of a wave is presented. In the last part is examined the application of the concept of wave fronts in lenses and Huygens’ method of finding the shape of a perfect lens. The students’ difficulties with connection with all these subjects are presented.
TRANSITIVITY SYSTEM ON BUILDING CHARACTER OF MR. SUMMERS IN THE LOTTERY BY SHIRLEY JACKSON
Authors: Nugraha Intan Siti , Mahdi Sutiono
Published: July 2020

The Lottery is one of the most famous American canonicals written by Shirley Jackson (1948) which is sensational. The theme brought triggers controversy to contemporary critics. The story exposed one of the darkest dualities of human nature in ‘the lottery’ carried out by the society in the story. The controversial character in the Lottery which evokes social culture issue is analyzed by investigating the process types related to the character. Types of process are essential in the building characters or characterization. Thus, this study analyzed the main character of a literary work “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson (1948) using transitivity system of Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) approach. The data were all clauses related to Mr. Summers as the main character in this short story. They were analyzed using concept of transitivity system. The result shows that the author of the short story dominantly uses verbal process to construct the main character through his verbiage which is 52.63% of the total processes in clauses. In addition material process which also occupies high number (32.90%) after verbal process denotes that the character does activities in the domestic and physical domain. The relational process (7.89%) is used to characterize the characters explicitly. The mental process (5.26%) is used to depict the characters’ cognition while behavioural process (1.32%) is employed to a common activity.
A RETIRADA DO BRASIL DO PACTO GLOBAL PARA MIGRAÇÃO SEGURA: UM OLHAR CRÍTICO PELA ÓTICA DO TRANSCONSTITUCIONALISMO
GLOBAL COMPACT FOR SECURE MIGRATION AND THE WITHDRAWAL FROM BRAZIL: A CRITICAL LOOK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRANSCONSTITUTIONALISM
Authors: Sposato Karyna Batista , Lage Renata Carvalho Martins
Published: July 2020

Num contexto de globalização acentuada, a soberania dos Estados cede lugar à uma nova ordem jurídica transnacional, especialmente no tocante a decidibilidade de questões sobre direitos humanos fundamentais, que passam a ser de responsabilidade de toda a comunidade internacional.  Um dos exemplos mais recentes e relacionado a um dos temas de maior relevância global, as migrações, refere-se à adoção do Pacto Global Para Migração segura, ordenada e regular, que busca regulamentar e padronizar medidas a serem tomadas frente a casos de migrações no mundo todo, tendo em vista que atualmente, 3,4% da população mundial é migrante. Olhando particularmente para a realidade brasileira, que recebe milhares de venezuelanos todos os dias, o tema ganha importância sobretudo, pela recente saída do Brasil do Pacto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi justamente discutir tal denúncia brasileira, sob a luz do Transconstitucionalismo, o que implicou uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema e a verificação de possíveis consequências internacionais para o país.
ESTADO MODERNO E ALIENAÇÃO POLÍTICA: UMA APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE KARL MARX E FRANZ KAFKA
MODERN STATE AND POLITICAL ALIENATION: AN APPROACH BETWEEN KARL MARX AND FRANZ KAFKA
Authors: Gontijo Lucas de Alvarenga , Bicalho Mariana Ferreira
Published: July 2020

A democracia moderna, da forma que está estruturada, a se valer das superestruturas dos Estados modernos, enfrenta crises sistemáticas e espera superá-las. Entretanto, é possível pensar que os esforços para consertar o Estado Moderno são tautológicos porque, a partir do modelo democrático liberal, não se logrará atingir a essência do problema, pois a estrutura da forma política contemporânea se funda, exatamente, em suas contradições. Há, portanto, um paradoxo fundante e insuperável no modelo estruturante da democracia moderna e do Estado moderno. O que seria, portanto, esse paradoxo fundante? É o fato de que o Estado moderno se organiza a partir de uma alienação política resultante da separação entre Estado político e sociedade civil. Neste artigo, buscar-se-á demonstrar que essa estrutura, essencial para reprodução capitalista, é alienante em sua forma, em sua estrutura, não sendo suficiente para uma verdadeira democracia. Para tanto, o artigo valer-se-á de algumas obras de Karl Marx, como Crítica à filosofia do direito de Hegel, Glosas críticas ao artigo “O rei da Prússia e a reforma social’, 18 de brumário de Luís Bonaparte e Sobre a questão judaica e, por outro lado,  de escritos literários de Franz Kafka, como O Processo, Sobre a questão das leis, O Castelo e Um relatório para academia.
Latvian or English – the Language Situation in Scientific Communication in Latvia
Authors: Karapetjana Indra
Published: July 2020

The growing dominance of English as an international language of scientific communication in the world has been widely acknowledged. However, its effect in the relevant discourse community in Latvia is still to be explored. A case study was undertaken to improve upon the current understanding of the choice of scientific publishing language in Latvia and explore historical factors underpinning the current predominance of English as the lingua franca of the scientific community. It has been concluded that with a strong focus on international publishing in indexed databases, the role of English in scientific communication in Latvia has an increasing tendency to grow. Although currently English does not pose an existential threat to the use of the Latvian language in scientific publications, there is alarming evidence of the increasing hegemony of English in Latvia.
El acontecimiento antropoceno
Authors: Paláu Castaño Luis Alfonso
Published: July 2020

Chistophe Bonneuil y Jean-Baptiste Fressoz «Preámbulo¿Qué ha acontecido precisamente en la Tierra desde hace un cuarto de milenio? El Antropoceno.¿El Antropo-qué? El Antropoceno; ya estamos en él, entonces hay que amansar esta palabra bárbara tanto como aquello de donde proviene el nombre. Es nuestra época, nuestra condición. Esta época geológica se volvió nuestra historia desde hace más de dos siglos. El Antropoceno es el signo de nuestra potencia, pero también de nuestra impotencia. Es una tierra cuya atmósfera está alterada por el billón cuatrocientos mil millones de toneladas de CO2 que le hemos echado al quemar carbón y petróleo. Es un tejido vivo empobrecido y artificializado, impregnado por una muchedumbre de nuevas moléculas químicas de síntesis que modifican hasta nuestra descendencia. Es un mundo más caliente y más pesado de riesgos y de catástrofes, con una cubierta glacial reducida, maresmás altos, climas desarreglados.»
Efektivitas Metode Therapeutic Community Dalam Pencegahan Relapse Korban Penyalahguna Napza Di Panti Sosial Pamardi Putra Galih Pakuan Bogor Tahun 2017
Authors: Ardani Irfan , Cahyani Heti Sri Hari
Published: July 2020

Drug abuse has many adverse effects such as disease transmissions and social dysfunction. Social rehabilitation by therapeutic community method may overcome addictions to addictive substances and restore the social function for drug users. The problem is a post-rehabilitation relapse. Objective to determine the effectiveness of relapse prevention with the TC method carried out by PSPP Galih Pakuan Bogor. It is case study research, conducted by in-depth interviews with management, social workers, and clients, as well as observations and analysis of secondary data. Drop-out rates at PSPP Galih Pakuan reached 44.8% in 2017, with relapse rate 30%. In addition, many studies stated that the TC method was relatively more effective than other methods for social rehabilitation in reducing anti-social behavior due to drug abuse. The challenge in TC method is a high drop-out rate. TC method can improve the social functioning of drug users by fostering self-conﬁ dence, and learning emotional and spiritual management. 

Abstrak

Penyalahgunaan napza memiliki dampak buruk yaitu penularan penyakit dan ketidak berfungsian sosial akibat kecanduan napza. Rehabilitasi sosial dengan metode therapeutic community dianggap dapat membantu mengatasi kecanduan pada zat adiktif dan mengembalikan peran dan fungsi sosial para penyalahguna napza. Kendalanya adalah banyak penyalahguna napza mengalami relapse pasca rehabilitasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas pencegahan relapse dengan metode TC yang dilakukan oleh PSPP Galih Pakuan Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan penyajian secara deskriptif analitis, dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam kepada manajemen panti, Pekerja Sosial, dan klien, serta melakukan observasi dan analisis data sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat drop out rehabilitasi sosial di PSPP Galih Pakuan mencapai 44,8% pada tahun 2017, sedangkan tingkat relapse diperkirakan mencapai 30% dari klien yang lulus rehabilitasi. Di sisi lain, berbagai penelitian menyebutkan bahwa metode TC merupakan metode yang relatif lebih efektif dibanding metode rehabilitasi sosial lain dalam mengurangi penyalahgunaan napza dan perilaku anti sosial akibat penyalahgunaan napza. Tantangan dalam metode TC adalah tingkat drop out yang cukup tinggi. Dibandingkan dengan metode rehabilitasi sosial lain, TC efektif meningkatkan keberfungsian sosial penyalahguna napza melalui penguatan individu dengan menumbuhkan kepercayaan diri, manajemen emosi dan spiritual.
Credit intermediaries’ regulation and profitability: The Italian case of D.Lgs. No. 141/2010
Authors: Bianchi Nicola , Filotto Umberto , Scimone Xenia
Published: July 2020

This work studies the effect of Italian regulation D.Lgs. No. 141/2010 (Law 141), introduced to transpose Directive 2008/48/EC of the European Parliament into the performance of credit intermediaries. Law 141’s entry into force provides an opportunity to study the effect of greater market entry barriers on sector profitability.
The Italian case is particularly significant because it is characterized by strict application of the directive, a low level of financial literacy, and a distribution model that, for some kinds of personal loans, allows agents and brokers a significant role (Canales & Nanda, 2012). We study a panel of Italian agents and credit brokers, using a panel and difference-in-differences regression. The results show that, from 2009 to 2017, firm profitability was driven not by the increase in market entry requirements introduced by Law 141 but, rather, by firms’ size, efficiency, and business model.
WILL THE DEVELOPMENT OF CASHLESS PAYMENT TECHNOLOGIES INCREASE THE FINANCIAL EXCLUSION OF SENIOR CITIZENS?
Authors: Warchlewska Anna
Published: July 2020

The aim of this article is to assess the attitudes of senior citizens towards cashless transactions (with a particular emphasis on mobile banking). The literature on the subject presents the dissemination of non-cash payment strategies as an opportunity to reduce the problem of exclusion. Moreover, the researchers who focus on the topic of financial exclusion diagnose self-exclusion within this social strata who do not use modern technologies for current financial activities, additionally pointing to the significant impact of a group of factors: demographic, economic, psychological and social. The considerations are based on a query of the subject literature and an analysis of selected secondary studies. It is noted that there are huge psychological barriers conditioned by a person’s lifestyle. Moreover, the continuous development of and technological progress in the banking sector hinders certain types of banking and deepens the level of financial exclusion of the oldest generation. Increased life expectancy means that the banking sector should not continue to ignore those who are aged 60+. It is necessary to focus CSR strategy, educational activities and product offers on marginalised groups, even if it may seem to be unprofitable for many banking strategies.
Characteristics and morbidity of prematurely born newborns conceived with assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Konstantinidis Georgios , Pavlovic Vesna , Stojadinovic Aleksandra , Katic Katarina
Published: July 2020

Introduction/Objective. The percentage of live-born infants conceived with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in some European countries reaches 6% and in Serbia over 1%. The aim of this study was to analyze characteristics and morbidity of prematurely born newborns conceived with ART. Methods. The study included 154 prematurely born newborns from pregnancies conceived with ART and 154 prematurely born newborns conceived naturally, hospitalized at the Institute of Health Care of Children and Adolescents of Vojvodina. Participants from both groups were matched according to gestational age and date of birth. Results. Statistically significantly more newborns with very low birth weight have been in the group of newborns conceived by ART in comparison to newborns conceived naturally (?2 test, p = 0.0001). Morbidity of newborns conceived with ART is not higher in comparison to newborns of the same gestational age conceived naturally. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, occurred more frequently in children from ART (?2 test, p = 0.006) and retinopathy of prematurity occurred more frequently in children conceived spontaneously (?2 test, p = 0.047). There was no difference in the frequency of birth defects, genetic syndromes, and inborn errors of metabolism between the two groups. Conclusion. Lower birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction are potential risk factors for worse postnatal outcome in newborns from pregnancies conceived with ART.
The association between HbA1c and time in hypoglycaemia during CGM and self-monitoring of blood glucose in persons with type 1 diabetes and multiple daily insulin injections: A Randomised Clinical Trial (GOLD-study 4)
Authors: Ahmadi Shilan Seyed , Westman Klara , Pivodic Aldina , Ólafsdóttir Arndís F , Dahlqvist Sofia , Hirsch Irl B , Hellman Jarl , Ekelund Magnus , Heise Tim , Polonsky William , Wijkman Magnus , Schwarcz Erik , Lind Marcus
Published: July 2020

Objective:
According to recent guidelines, individuals with type 1 diabetes should
spend less than 4.0% per day with glucose levels <3.9 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL)
and less than 1.0% per day <3.0 mmol/L (<54 mg/dL).

Research methods: In the GOLD randomised cross-over trial,
161 individuals with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin
injections (MDI) were randomised to Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) or
conventional therapy with self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and evaluated
over 16 months. We estimated the association between time spent in
hypoglycaemia and various mean glucose and HbA1c levels.

Results:
Time spent in hypoglycaemia (<3.9 mmol/L and <3.0 mmol/L)
increased significantly with lower mean HbA1c and mean glucose levels during
both CGM and conventional therapy. During CGM, 24 (57.1%) individuals with
HbA1c <7.5 % (<58 mmol/mol) had <1.0% time spent in hypoglycaemia
<3.0 mmol/L and 23 (54.8%) had <4.0% time spent in hypoglycaemia <3.9 mmol/L.
During CGM, mean time spent in hypoglycaemia for individuals with mean HbA1c
7.0% (52 mmol/mol) was estimated to be 5.4% for <3.9 mmol/L and 1.5% for
<3.0 mmol/L. The corresponding values during SMBG were 9.2% and 3.5%,
respectively. Individuals with mean glucose levels of 8 mmol/L spent 4.9% more
time with glucose levels <3.9 mmol/L and 2.8% more time <3.0 mmol/L
during SMBG compared with CGM.

Conclusions:
Reaching current targets for time in hypoglycaemia and at the same time
HbA1c targets is challenging for type 1 diabetes patients treated with MDI both
with CGM and SMBG monitoring. However, CGM is associated with considerably less
time in hypoglycaemia than SMBG at a broad range of HbA1c levels and is crucial
for patients with MDI treatment to have a chance to approach hypoglycaemia
targets.
SOCIOLINGUISTIC INTERACTION OF SOCIETY IN BUSUNGBIU DISTRICT BULELENG REGENCY
Authors: Elly Kadek , Rasna I Wayan , Suandi I Nengah
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research to (1) describe the language variations in sociolinguistic interaction of society in Busungbiu district Buleleng Regency, (2) to describe the language choice in sociolinguistic interaction of society in Busungbiu district Buleleng Regency, and (3) to describe the factors that affect language variations and language choices in sociolinguistic interaction of society  in Busungbiu district Buleleng Regency. Data were collected using observation and interview. The data are analyzed through reduction, presentation and data collection. The location of this research is 4 of 15 villages in Busungbiu sub-district that is Sepang Village, Pelapuan, Kekeran, and Busungbiu. The result of this research shows that (1) There are language variations in terms of speakers of dialect and sociolek and language variations in terms of formality. (2) There is a code switching of the Bali language code into the Indonesia language, code switching the Indonesia language code into Bali language, code switching the Java language code into the Indonesia language. The code mixing into and code mixing exit. (3) Factors that influence is the language variation that is area of the speaker's and social origin. Factors that influence is the language choice that is changing speech situations, the presence of a third person, awakens a sense of humor, to a mere prestige, using more popular terms. Thus it can be concluded that the Bali language experiencing critical condition and bali language start to weaken. This can be proved by the existence of citizens who notabene native Bali language speakers can code switch and code mixed, so the use of Bali language began to shift little by little. Based on this, the need for guidance, training and coaching, especially the Bali language in Busungbiu district.
Kemampuan Penyuluh Agama Islam Non PNS Di Kabupaten Sumba Tengah dalam Menerapkan Teknik Komunikasi
Authors: Kibtiyah Muhimatul
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze the ability of non-civil servant religious counselors in Central Sumba Regency in applying communication techniques. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data source in this study is the head of the KUA and Islamic religious counselors and fostered citizens. Data collection techniques are done by observation, interview and document analysis techniques. The results of the study stated that (1) the understanding of religious instructors about good communication techniques was not yet maximal (2) the ability of religious instructors to implement informative communication techniques was already good (3) the ability of religious instructors to implement persuasive communication techniques was quite good (4) the ability of religious instructors in applying coercive communication techniques is not optimal.
ANALISIS EVALUASI PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL ANAK DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK ASSALAM 2 SUKARAME BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Primanisa Reiska
Published: July 2020

Berdasarkan hasil oservasi peneliti, didapatkan data bahwa di Taman Kanak-Kanak Assalam 2 Sukarame Bandar Lampung menggunakan evaluasi perkembangan sosial sesuai dengan sistem penilaian anak usia dini, selain itu banyak didapat catatansehari-hari anak di kelas.Hal ini mendorong peneliti untuk melakukan analisis evaluasi perkembangan sosial di Taman Kanak-Kanak Assalam 2 Sukarame Bandar Lampung.

Penilaian pada pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan proses pengumpulan dan pengolahan informasi(data) dalam menentukan tingkat pencapaian perkembangan anak 0-6 tahun.Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana analisis evaluasi perkembangan sosial anak dan apakah evaluasi perkembangan sosial anak kelompok A yang dilakukan di Taman Kanak-Kanak Assalam 2 Sukarame Bandar Lampung sudah sesuai dengan sistem penilaian PAUD.

Penelitian ini mengunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif,objek penelitian ini adalah analisis evaluasi perkembangan sosial di Taman Kanak-Kanak Assalam 2 Sukarame Bandar Lampung.  Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, serta menganalisis hasil penelitian peneliti melakukan penarikan kesimpulan dengan cara induktif.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa evaluasi perkembangan sosial anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak Assalam 2 Sukarame Bandar Lampung sudah berhasil dilaksanakan. Hal ini terlihat pada saat guru mengklasifikasi kegiatan yang dilakukan, hasil penilaian harian, hasil karya yang dideskripsikan, dan catatan lainnya,  kemudian peneliti mendokumentasikan, menganalisis dan menyimpulkan. Analisis evaluasi perkembangan sosial anak memerlukan waktu dan alat penilaian yang tepat untuk melakukan penilaian dan evaluasi.Dan adanya hubungan yang erat antara penilaian, evaluasi, dan kurikulum yang tepat bagi anak.
STUDI PENGEMBANGAN KOGNITIF DAN NILAI AGAMA DALAM PROGRAM TAḤFIẒUL AL-QUR’ĀN
Authors: Purwasih Wahyu , Usman Usman
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini menyajikan tentang Pengembangan Kognitif dan Nilai Agama dalam Program Taḥfiẓul al-Qur’ān di TK Qurrota A’yun Yogyakarta. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas B TK Qurrota A’yun Yogyakarta. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix methode dengan desain sequential exploratory. Yaitu mengolah data kualitatif terlebih dahulu, selanjutnya diperkuat dengan data kuantitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa program taḥfīẓul al-Qur’ān yang diterapkan, mampu meningkatkan kemampuan fungsi kognitif anak. Implikasi pada perkembangan nilai agama anak antara lain anak mampu menghafal bacaan sholat, dzikir, dan doa. Anak juga tidak nampak tertekan untuk menjalankan sholat dan membaca Al-Qur’an ketika di rumah. Hal ini diperkuat dengan data kuantitatif yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif dan nilai agama anak meningkat 15% setelah mengikuti program taḥfīẓ
Parâmetros genéticos e teste de paternidade em progênies de Euterpe oleracea produto da hibridação espontânea com Euterpe edulis em clima subtropical
Authors: Santos Jussara Fernanda , Mariguele Keny Henrique , Pereira Adriana , Zambonim Fabio Martinho , Ventirieri Giorgini Augusto
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o sistema de fecundação e a distribuição da variabilidade molecular entre e dentro de três grupos de progênies de polinização aberta de Euterpe oleracea, além de realizar um teste depaternidade para identificação dos genitores masculinos e promover a certificação genética das plântulasbífolioladas. Para tal, foram utilizados seis loci microssatélites em 306 amostras. Os grupos de progênies sãoresultado de um sistema misto de fecundação, com ausência de cruzamentos entre aparentados, sendoalógamos (tm e ts = 1,0), com correlação de autofecundação (rt) igual a 0,110. Foram constatados diferentesgraus de parentescos (rp), entre 15,5 a 26,1% de irmãos completos. A paternidade foi atribuída para 51% e 24% das amostras, com 80 e 95% de confiança respectivamente. Foram identificados 22 doadores de pólen e uma autofecundação, verificou-se que o morfotipo bífoliolado não é garantia de cruzamento intraespecifico, já que quatro progênies foram identificadas como híbridos interespecíficos. Foram detectados em média 7 a 12,3 alelos por locus e uma heterozigosidade média observada entre 0,382 a 0,898 e a esperada entre 0,354 a 0,693. O índice de fixação foi entre -0,053 a -0,319. A variação entre os grupos foi de 5%, sendo 95% dentro deles. Os resultados indicam boas perspectivas para realização de trabalhos futuros relacionados à predição de ganhos genéticos a partir da seleção entre e dentro dos grupos de progênies.
Cholinergic syndrome: a case report of acute organophosphate and carbamate poisoning
Authors: Petreski Tadej , Kit Barbara , Strnad Matej , Grenc Damjan , Svenšek Franc
Published: July 2020

Cholinergic syndrome is a common topic at western medical universities yet rarely observed in clinical practice. The treatment involves muscarinic antagonists, acetylcholinesterase reactivation, seizure control, and supportive measures. Here we report a case of a 52-year old Caucasian male who attempted suicide by ingesting a purple crystal powder that turned out to be a mixture of carbofuran and chlormephos. At clinical examination, the patient presented with salivation, perspiration, diarrhoea, bradypnoea, loss of consciousness, and epileptic seizures. Laboratory tests showed low plasma cholinesterase, and we started obidoxime along with supportive intensive care treatment. He was later transferred to the psychiatry department for further diagnostics and treatment.
Effect of Cayenne Pepper Addition on Physicochemical, Microbiological and Sensory Properties of Drinkable Yoghurt-Ayran
Authors: Akcay Furkan , Besir Aysegul , Yazici Fehmi
Published: July 2020

Cayenne peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) were incorporated to ayran aiming to obtain a health promoting ayran with different flavour. The effects on the physico-chemical characteristics, antioxidant and phenolic capacity, counts of Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, yeast, moulds and coliforms, sensory and volatile compounds analysis were performed. Ayran samples with powdered peppers had significantly higher antioxidant and total phenolic contents than the ayrans with sliced pepper. Pepper addition increased Lactobacillus and Streptococcus counts compared to control ayrans. The dominant bacteria during the storage period (7.61-8.88 log CFU/ml) was Streptococcus. Panelists rated flavour, texture, appearance and color properties of ayran samples with sliced pepper similar to control samples. Ayran samples with 15% sliced peppers had the maximum overall scores.
Comparative Analysis of Selected Physicochemical and Textural Properties of Bread Substitutes
Authors: Michalak-Majewska Monika , Muszyński Siemowit , Sołowiej Bartosz , Radzki Wojciech , Gustaw Waldemar , Skrzypczak Katarzyna , Stanikowski Piotr
Published: July 2020

In the present study, the physicochemical, textural and sensorial properties of crackerbread (made from rye, maize and wheat flour) and rice waffles, the most popular on the Polish market bread substitutes, were determined. It was shown that values of several mechanical properties of rice waffles, including ultimate fracture force, strain and stress differed significantly from that of crackerbread. Texture profile analysis showed that the highest hardness and springiness was exhibited by rice waffles with sesame seeds and wheat-rye, respectively. The concentration of salt was the lowest in rice bread with sunflower. The most acceptable was the rice bread with sea salt (8.26 in a 9-point scale) and overall consumer acceptance of crispbreads was highly correlated with sensory attribute of saltiness.
Modifying Effects of Some Plant Hormones on Zucchini Cotyledons Subjected to High Temperature and Excess Copper
Authors: Stoynova-Bakalova Ekaterina , Ivanova Natalia , Bakalov Dimitar , Gigova Liliana
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects of exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) and phenylurea cytokinin (4PU-30) on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) cotyledons subjected to high temperature (HT) and combined HT plus excess copper (Cu2+) stress. Compared to HT stressed zucchini cotyledons, exposure to excess Cu2+ prior to HT treatment inhibited the growth, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, increased glutathione-Stransferase (GST) and peroxidase (Px) total activities, and induced new enzyme isoforms (GST4, GST8, and Px4). The effect of MeJa on the double-stressed plants was to increase SOD, GPx and Px total activities and stimulate the activity of GST8, GST9, GST10, SOD5, Px3 and Px8 isoenzymes. In addition to SOD, GPx and Px, 4PU-30 increased GST total activity, up-regulated Px1 and GR1, and had a higher stimulatory effect on SOD5, Px3, GPx3, GST9 and GST10 activities. Copper, 4PU-30 and MeJa treatments changed the abundance and pattern (MeJa) of soluble zucchini polypeptides in a specific manner. MeJa and especially 4PU-30 applied alone, or in combination, stimulated the growth of later HT-treated cotyledons. 4PU-30 counteracted better than MeJa in the HT+heavy metal-caused inhibition of the growth. The data indicated that both MeJa and 4PU- 30 may protect the zucchini plants from high temperature and combined high temperature plus excess copper stress, but 4PU-30 was more effective; the protective effect was related to the changes in the gene expression, total antioxidant enzyme activities and the activity of individual isoforms of the enzymes.
QoS Enabled IoT Based Low Cost Air Quality Monitoring System with Power Consumption Optimization
Authors: Barot Virendra , Kapadia Viral , Pandya Sharnil
Published: July 2020

Air pollution has emerged as a major concern of the current century. In recent times, fellow researchers have conducted numerous researches in the area of air quality monitoring. Still, air quality monitoring remains an open research area due to various challenges such as sophisticated topology design, privacy and security, power backup, large memory requirements and deployment of such systems at resource-constrained sites. The proposed research work is an attempt to address the issues of communication topology design, assessment of the Quality of Service (QoS) levels against accuracy, sensing throughput and power consumption optimization. In the undertaken work, the proposed IoT based Air Quality Monitoring system has been deployed at indoor and outdoor sites to measure air quality parameters such as PM10, PM2.5, carbon monoxide, temperature and humidity. The proposed system is also tested at variety of quality of service levels at the indoor and outdoor sites. The conducted experiments have also recorded accuracy in terms of reliable delivery of the messages under employed protocol.
Black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) colonization by macrofungi in the fourth season of its decline due to different control measures in the Kampinos national Park
Authors: Marciszewska Katarzyna , Szczepkowski Andrzej , Otręba Anna
Published: July 2020

The experiment conducted in the Kampinos National Park since 2015 was aimed at assessing the sprouting ability of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) in response to different measures of mechanical control and mycobiota colonizing the dying trees. Basal cut-stump, cutting at ca. 1 m above the ground and girdling were performed on 4 terms, two plots and applied to 25 trees, 600 trees in total. Sprouts were removed every 8 weeks since the initial treatment for 4 consecutive growing seasons, except winter-treated trees. At the end of the fourth season of control, 515 out of 600 trees were dead (86%): 81% on Lipków and 90% on Sieraków plot. Among 18 experiment variants with sprouts removal, 17 showed more than 80% of dead trees. The lowest, 76% share, concerned summer cut-stump at the base of the tree. For winter measures, the share of dead trees was lower in all cases and ranged from 28% to 64% proving that sprouts removal contributes to the drop of sprouting strength and quicker dying of the trees. Almost 80% of trees showed sporocarps that represented 51 taxa of macrofungi in total, including 6 Ascomycota and 45 Basidiomycota. The group of six most frequently encountered fungi includes: Hyphoderma setigerum, Bjerkandera adusta, Peniophora cinerea, Armillaria ostoyae, Nectria cinnabarina, Stereum hirsutum. Both plots had similar share of black cherry individuals with sporocarps of macrofungi, that is, 81% and 78% for Sieraków and Lipków respectively. The share of colonized trees and the number of reported macrofungal taxa increased significantly compared to the year following the treatment. In addition, the composition of macrofungi changed with the progressing dying of trees. These results broaden the knowledge about macroscopic fungi colonising and living on black cherry within its secondary range of distribution. Moreover, one macrofungus and two microfungi new for KNP are reported.
Micronucleus Assay in Environmental Biomonitoring
Authors: Michalová V. , Galdíková M. , Holečková B. , Koleničová S. , Schwarzbacherová V.
Published: July 2020

Nowadays many chemicals are widely used in agriculture to ensure high crop yields or in veterinary/human medicine to cure diseases. After their improper usage they may contaminate the environment, persist in it and adversely affect both the target and/or the non-target organisms. One of the ways to detect the occurrence of chemicals in the environment is to assess their impact on aquatic and farm animals; both are directly or indirectly exposed via their feed and water. The micronucleus assay is a standardly used cytogenetic test for the simultaneous detection of clastogenic and aneugenic agents. Additionally, cytotoxic effects are also assessed by analysing the proliferation changes using the cytokinesis-blocked proliferation index. The occurrence of micronuclei is analysed in many types of cells like the peripheral blood cells, bone marrow or cell lines according to standards for micronuclei detection. The analysis of published results has shown that the micronucleus assay is, together with the chromosomal aberration test, one of the most often used test in genotoxicity assessment. Its results have contributed to reassessing the use of multiple chemicals available on the market. Moreover, it is a compulsory test before approving the chemical/ pesticide for the market.
Evaluation and Quality Assurance of teaching: the Evaluation Board in the AVA Process
Authors: Ghiazza Emanuela , Salviati Luca
Published: July 2020

In this article, we introduce the Evaluation Board (EB-NdV) task in the AVA system (Accreditamento, Valutazione e Auto-valutazione). The AVA was implemented in 2013 in the Italian University System according to the document called “European Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area (ESG)”. The ENQA’s guidelines (2005) provide for the construction of a common European area dedicated to university and post-university. In the University, the three main actors involved in the Quality Assurance (QA) system are the Evaluation Board (Nucleo di Valutazione, EB-NdV), the University Quality Board (PQ) and the Joint Student-Teacher Commission (CP). The EB-NdV has documented functions of evaluation and monitoring of the QA system, designed by the PQ following the strategic guidelines of the governing bodies of the university institution. The EB-NdV works as Independent Assessment Body (OIV) too. This task regards the assessment procedures concerning structures and human resources dedicated to the administrative support of the core activities of the universities. The EB-NdV draws up an Annual Report related to the AVA system. In conclusion the EB-NdV evaluates the QA system of the University in its entirety and in all its aspects. Moreover, the EB-NdV evaluates the relationships between the University Quality Board and the Joint Student-Teacher Commission (CP).
Whatever happened to sin? An examination of the word and concept in contemporary popular culture
Authors: Brand Hilary
Published: July 2020

The concept of ‘sin’ is rarely expressed in today's popular culture. When the word does appear it is frequently in ironic quotation marks and often used in terms of ‘naughty but nice’, minor misdemeanours, something disapproved of, an outmoded Catholic shame culture, Islamic oppression or fundamentalist extremism. Rarely is it used in the way the Church understands it. By analysing the use of the word in recent news reports and examining its use and absence across the range of twenty-first-century media, this study draws some conclusions about how UK secular society understands the word. It then goes on to explore how some twentieth-century cultural changes have impacted on its understanding, and concludes with some observations on how twenty-first-century Western culture still senses the underlying problem and yearns for a way to express it.
Why four Gospels? Why only four?
Authors: Dunn James
Published: July 2020

This is a transcript of the 2016 Fernley-Hartley Lecture, which was delivered during the 2016 British Methodist Conference at the Lambeth Mission, London, and is published here with acknowledgement to the Fernley-Hartley Trust. It stands largely unchanged from its first delivery in the hope that the texture and tone of the lecture might also be retained. The article argues that answering the questions ‘Why four Gospels?’ and ‘Why only four?’ provides a clear picture of the character of the gospel of Jesus as ‘the same yet different’, as well as a challenge to today’s Christians to retell the good news in their own contexts with equal or equivalent effect. The article discusses the context in which the four canonical Gospels were recognised, pointing out that the term ‘gospel’ was coined in the process. The distinctive emphases of the Synoptics and John show how the same story can be told differently, an essential restatement of the same message for new and changing audiences.
Profiling Methodist leadership
Authors: Francis Leslie , Stevenson Adam
Published: July 2020

This paper explores the similarities and dissimilarities between the psychological type and temperament profiles of Methodist local preachers and Methodist circuit ministers in the British Methodist Church. New data provided by 80 male and 62 female local preachers who completed the Francis Psychological Type Scales were compared with the profiles of 693 male and 311 female ministers published in 2010. The most important significant difference between the two groups concerns the higher proportions of the Epimethean Temperament (SJ) among both the male (69% compared with 44%) and female (66% compared with 43%) local preachers. The SJ temperament brings a more conservative and conserving approach to ministry.
‘Finish Then Thy New Creation’: God's Promise to Inherit the World
Authors: Works Carla Swafford
Published: July 2020

In Romans 4:13, Paul characterizes God's promise to Abraham as the inheritance of the world. This promise, Paul argues, extends to Abraham's descendants, not according to the flesh, but to all who believe in the one who raised Jesus from the dead (Rom 4:25). What does it mean for believers to be heirs of God's promise to ‘inherit the world’? This article considers God's promise in light of the apostle's confidence in the reconciliation of the whole world and the renewal of creation, and also in the context of the hymns and sermons of Charles and John Wesley. The promise to inherit the world indicates that God has not abandoned God's creation, but is actively engaged in redeeming it. This article was originally presented as a paper at the 2018 Oxford Institute of Methodist Theological Studies.
Standard Making in Cytogenetics: the Manufacture, Circulation and Reproduction of Chromosome Images
Authors: Santesmases María Jesús
Published: July 2020

The first reliable pattern of the human chromosome set was manufactured between the late 1950s and early 1960s. This paper will account for the historical background of such reliability, of the production of a reference, an image, the schematic figure – the ideogram – that represented what would from then on be held in the minds of medical practitioners and laboratory scientists of human cytogenetics as the cytological identity of being human. Human genetics as a history of images and the skills of drawing, making photo(micro) graphs and diagrams, developed through a reference drawn on the basis of the consensus reached by a small group of early human cytogeneticists in Denver in 1960. Schemes and idealizations, as well as the fully realistic transposition of the contours and interiors of each chromosome, participated in the emergence of a particular, specific and enduring way of representing the tiny parts of the cell where division began, and accounting for both the forms and function of chromosomes at the origins of medical genetics.
Comparison of Different Pollen Substitutes for the Feeding of Laboratory Reared Bumble Bee (Bombus Terrestris) Colonies
Authors: Bortolotti Laura , Pošćić Filip , Bogo Gherardo
Published: July 2020

In bumble bee colonies, pollen is the only protein source for larval feeding and its shortage causes a distress in larval development. Adult bumble bees need pollen for the development of glands and the reproductive system. In bumble bee rearing, honey bee collected pollen is used as the main protein source, either as fresh-frozen or dried pellets, and pollen provisioning is the most problematic and expensive aspect of mass rearing. In honey bee breeding, pollen substitutes are used during the period of food shortage or to stimulate colony strength. We tested different protein diets (five commercial pollen substitutes and two natural protein sources) for the maintenance of bumble bee colonies in captivity. We further mixed Feedbee®, one of the substitutes that gave the best results, with different amounts of pollen to evaluate the optimal amount needed for the whole colony development. Although none of the pure protein diets alone were adequate, diets with a 1 to 1 and 1 to 3 ratio of Feedbee to pollen were both suitable for colony development and queen production. The colony consumed between 2 and 4 g per day of the Feedbee mixed diets, corresponding to a protein consumption of 0.75–0.85 g day−1. Nevertheless, the consumption rate of the pure pollen showed that a mean amount of protein between 0.4 and 0.5 g day−1 was enough to allow colony development indicating the suitability of Feedbee mixed diets.
Biochemical Isolation and Characterization of Hyaluronidase Enzyme from Venom of Egyptian Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Lamarckii
Authors: Abdel-Monsef Mohammed M. , Zidan Hind A. , Darwish Doaa A. , Masoud Hassan M. , Helmy Mohamed S. , Ibrahim Mahmoud A.
Published: July 2020

The hyaluronidase enzyme has been used in many such fields of medicine as ophthalmology, orthopaedia, internal medicine, gynecology, surgery, oncology and dermatology. In this study, the hyaluronidase enzyme was purified and characterized for the first time from Egyptian bee venom homogeneously using DEAE-cellulose and Sephacryl S-300 columns. Bee venom hyaluronidase specific activity was 411.7 units/mg protein with 49.9% yield and 3.23-fold purification. The molecular weight of the purified bee venom hyaluronidase native form was 37 kDa. The purified enzyme was found homogeneous on native PAGE and SDS-PAGE, with two congruent subunits of 18.4 kDa and isoelectric point (pI) of 8.6–8.8. The enzyme was found to be stable over a wide range of temperature (20–60°C) and pH (4.5–6.5), and its optimum activity at 37°C, pH 5.4 and 0.15 M NaCl. K
m for bee venom hyaluronidase was 0.029 mg/ml hyaluronic acid and its activity was elevated in presence of MgCl2 and ZnCl2 and lowered in presence of FeCl2. Heparin inhibited the hyaluronidase enzyme noncompetitively with a Ki value of 2.9 units heparin and one binding site on the enzyme molecule.