bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrasi Nilai-nilai Multikulturalisme dalam Pembelajaran IPS untuk Membangun Sikap Toleran Pada Siswa MI/SD
Authors: Wibowo Djoko Rohadi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji integrasi nilai-nilai multikulturalisme dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) sebagai upaya membangun sikap toleran pada siswa MI/SD. Pembelajaran berbasis multikultural diharapkan dapat membantu siswa memahami keberagaman budaya, agama, dan suku bangsa, serta menumbuhkan sikap toleran, empati, dan keterampilan sosial yang inklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di MIN 2 Pringsewu, yang memungkinkan analisis mendalam terhadap praktik pembelajaran di lapangan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dengan guru, dan dokumentasi kegiatan pembelajaran. Analisis data menggunakan model analisis Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang melibatkan tiga tahapan utama: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap sikap toleransi siswa, baik dalam interaksi di kelas maupun di luar kelas. Guru menggunakan berbagai strategi, seperti diskusi kelompok, role-playing, dan proyek kolaboratif, untuk memperkenalkan dan memperkuat nilai-nilai keberagaman. Namun, tantangan yang dihadapi antara lain perbedaan latar belakang budaya siswa yang mempengaruhi pemahaman mereka terhadap keberagaman dan keterbatasan waktu serta sumber daya dalam implementasi pembelajaran ini. Meskipun demikian, pembelajaran berbasis multikultural memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam membentuk sikap toleran siswa yang penting untuk kehidupan sosial mereka di masa depan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya dukungan dari sekolah dan orang tua dalam memperkuat implementasi pembelajaran berbasis multikultural di Sekolah Dasar, termasuk pelatihan bagi guru dan workshop untuk orang tua tentang pentingnya pendidikan multikultural.
Model Pembelajaran RADEC dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Karakter
Authors: Suryana Nana , Sopandi Wahyu , Budimansyah Dasim , Ruyadi Yadi
Published: December 2024

This research aims to describe the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create (RADEC) learning model from a character education perspective. This research uses library research or literature study, namely examining the RADEC learning model and character education using literature that is relevant and supports the research topic. The approach used in the research is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Researchers try to explore and provide arguments related to the RADEC learning model from a character education perspective. The results of the findings and discussion show that the RADEC learning model with the syntax Read, Ansew, Discuss, Explain, and Create is in accordance with the character education approach. RADEC is able to bring out student characters such as religious, diligent, disciplined, hard working, and fond of reading, curious, creative, tolerant, cooperative, and democratic, appreciating achievement, friendly, communicative. The emergence of character is patterned in the four character education approaches, namely the values ​​instillation approach, cognitive development approach, values ​​clarification approach, and action learning approach. Through the RADEC learning model, character can be transformed into knowledge, morals and behavior.
Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) in Indonesia From an Islamic Economic Perspective
Authors: Farida Lusiana , Nuzula Vira Virdausi
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is committed to the success of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as part of the sustainable economic development efforts that are also part of global commitments. This paper aims to analyze the extent of the government's success in implementing the SDGs program, focusing on goals related to welfare. In addition, the author will also explore the relevance of implementing the SDGs in Indonesia from an Islamic economic perspective. The research method used is Systematic Literature Review, which is a systematic and structured approach to assess, analyze, and synthesize the literature relevant to the research topic. The results of the study show that the regulatory aspects of SDGs in Indonesia have shown significant progress and relevance to the principles of Islamic economics. However, in practice, there are various shortcomings and mismatches between welfare issues and the goals of the SDGs, especially from an Islamic economic perspective. This has contributed to the increase in social inequality in Indonesia in the last ten years. These findings-+-----------------------------------------------------------------
Pendampingan Pembiasaan Akhlak Sejak Dini Berdasarkan Kitab "Alala" Berbahasa Arab Di TPQ Sunan Ampel
Authors: Ghofur M Abdul , Zakaria Moh Sulthon
Published: December 2024

Imam Ghazali in the book Ihya 'Ulumuddin explains that morality is a trait, embedded in a person's soul with this trait an action can easily occur without the need to consider. In other words, morality is a person's condition that makes the person do something spontaneously. The purpose of the research itself focuses on children so that they can have noble morals starting from an early age. The methods used are teaching methods and real practice. While data collection uses observation, interviews and documentation. And the results obtained from this community service activity are very good, both in terms of data collection and the materials obtained for the children are very good as well as from the attitudes and morals they have
Peningkatan Kosa Kota Bahasa Arab Siswa Dengan Metode Cooperative Learning Di Mi Ma’arif Tempuran
Authors: Furoidah Asni , Mufidah Auliya Elmi
Published: December 2024

In the application of cooperative learning in the MI environment, students lack understanding of the subject matter given by the teacher even though it is only a few vocabulary, but with the lack of students in collaborating and being active in these activities, it is undeniable that students still have confidence in their abilities. This service aims to describe cooperative learning, a learning model that is expected to be one of the successful solutions in learning Arabic. In this service research, the researcher uses the community service method. The researcher also collects data through observation and documentation based on primary and secondary sources. The results of this research show that the cooperative learning  method can make it easier for teachers to find out students who do not understand Arabic vocabulary. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of Arabic language learning using the  cooperative learning method of team games tournaments (TGT) can improve students' Arabic vocabulary at MI Ma'arif Tempuran
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Games Tournament untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XII SMA Negeri 2 Hilimegai Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Ndruru Trisnawati , Waruwu Toroziduhu , Zega Novelina Andriani , Telaumbanua Desman
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XII-MIPA pada mata pelajaran Biologi di SMA Negeri 2 Hilimegai melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT). Model ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa, kolaborasi kelompok, dan motivasi belajar dengan melibatkan kompetisi berbasis kelompok yang sehat. Penelitian menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus, masing-masing mencakup perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Pada siklus pertama, rata-rata hasil observasi proses pembelajaran mencapai 59,03%, dengan keterlibatan siswa sebesar 61,46%, dan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar 69,55 (di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal). Setelah perbaikan pada siklus kedua, terjadi peningkatan signifikan dengan skor observasi mencapai 80,56%, keterlibatan siswa 85,42%, dan rata-rata hasil belajar meningkat menjadi 82,05 dengan tingkat ketuntasan 81,82%. Penerapan TGT tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pelajaran, tetapi juga menumbuhkan rasa kebersamaan, keterampilan sosial, dan penghargaan terhadap perbedaan individu. Dengan demikian, TGT terbukti menjadi strategi pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi, keterlibatan, dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan pentingnya kolaborasi antara guru dan peneliti dalam mengoptimalkan proses pembelajaran.
PENGARUH DUKUNGAN EMOSIONAL TERHADAP CAKUPAN KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL CARE DI PUSKESMAS WAIPARE
Authors: Johanes Jefri , Stefanus P. Manongga  , Maria Magdalena Dwi  , Wahyuni  , Intje Picauly  , Christina Rony Nayoan
Published: December 2024

Cakupan kunjungan antenatal care yang rendah karena kurangnya dukungan emosional dari keluarga, tenaga kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dukungan emosional bagi ibu hamil terhadap cakupan kunjungan antenatal care di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Waipare Kabupaten Sikka. Dukungan emosional ini bersumber dari keluarga, tenaga kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh agama. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kuantitatif cross-sectional, dengan ukuran sampel 83 ibu hamil dari total populasi 104. Analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan emosional bersumber keluarga signifikan terhadap cakupan kunjungan antenatal care dengan nilai p = 0,023 < 0,05. Odds ratio (Exp(B) sebesar 6,462. Dukungan emosional bersumber tenaga kesehatan signifikan terhadap cakupan kunjungan antenatal care dengan nilai p = 0,027 < 0,05. Odds ratio (Exp(B) sebesar 13,929. Dukungan emosional bersumber tokoh masyarakat signifikan terhadap cakupan kunjungan antenatal care dengan nilai p = 0,003 < 0,05. Odds ratio (Exp(B) sebesar 15,400. Dukungan emosional bersumber tokoh agama signifikan terhadap cakupan kunjungan antenatal care dengan nilai p = 0,001 < 0,05. Odds ratio (Exp(B) sebesar 20,000. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa dukungan emosional dari keluarga, tenaga kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat, dan tokoh agama secara signifikan memengaruhi cakupan kunjungan antenatal care di wilayah Puskesmas Waipare.
The effect of family physical education environment on gross motor skills in preschool children
Authors: Jia Zhao , Abdullah Borhannudin Bin , Omar Dev Roxana Dev , Samsudin Shamsulariffin Bin , Tang Dandan
Published: December 2024

The movement of our body is a part of our everyday life. The location and degree of movement give us the ability and capacity to perform simple to complex tasks. New or improved gross motor skills enable us to explore more of our environment. It ultimately allows more opportunities for learning and doing. This quantitative study investigates the effect of the home environment on the gross motor skills of children aged 5 to 6 years in Changzhi City, China. The sample included 124 parents and 66 children. The two main tools used were the ‘Test of Gross Motor Development-2’ (TGMD-2) and the ‘Children’s Family Physical Education Environment Questionnaire’. The data analysis through these tests found that a parent-child physical activity intervention program significantly improved children’s gross motor skills. Post-intervention results indicated a strong relationship between parents’ attitudes towards physical education and enhancing their children’s motor skills. However, no significant relationship was found between the availability of sports materials at home before and after the intervention in the treatment group. These findings suggest that to improve children’s gross motor skills effectively, parents should actively engage in physical activities with their children and maintain a positive attitude towards physical education. The study highlights the critical role of parental involvement and attitudes in fostering children’s physical development within the home environment.
Biomechanical approaches to language learning investigating the impact of kinesthetic activities on Japanese pronunciation and fluency
Authors: Luo Junchao
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of biomechanics-based kinesthetic activities on Japanese pronunciation accuracy and speech fluency among intermediate learners. A quasi-experimental design was employed, with 50 participants randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 25) that engaged in biomechanical interventions or a control group (n = 25) receiving traditional language instruction. The experimental group participated in a 10-week program, incorporating articulation exercises, respiratory training, rhythmic gestures, and posture alignment aimed at optimizing speech production. Pronunciation accuracy and fluency were assessed before and after the intervention using standardized scoring rubrics and speech analysis software. The results indicate significant improvements in both pronunciation accuracy and fluency in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, the experimental group showed a marked increase in pronunciation scores (from 2.8 to 4.1) and a higher speech rate (from 120 to 150 words per min) with fewer pauses (from 8 to 4 per min). Statistical analysis, including independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA, confirmed the effectiveness of the kinesthetic interventions, with post-hoc Tukey HSD tests revealing significant differences between the groups. The findings suggest that integrating biomechanics-based kinesthetic activities into language instruction can significantly enhance learners’ pronunciation and fluency, providing a more holistic approach to language acquisition. Future research should explore the long-term impact of these interventions and their applicability to other languages.
The Complexity Relationship Among Participation, Human Resources, Value Co-Creation (VCC), and Value Co-Destruction (VCD) into Sustainable Ecotourism in Indonesia
Authors: Harwiki Wiwiek , Haryatil Eny , Arif Donny
Published: December 2024

The paper aims to explain the understanding of tourist behavior that participates in realizing sustainable environmental tourism. Specifically, to analyze the relationship between variables of  participation, human resource, value co-creation, value co-destruction and sustainable ecotourism.  The study used survey approach. Population were local tourist and foreign tourist visited in  5 ecotourism villages in Indonesia such as:  East Java, West Java, Central Java, DI Yogyakarta,  and Bali   during  last 3 months.  Questionnaires fulfilled by 425 respondents through hybrid: direct questionnaires and google forms in social media. Ecotourism villages selected by cluster random sampling. Data analysis used Partial Least Square (PLS) with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test hypotheses. The results proved when participation increased, thus the value co-creation higher or increasing, but participation is not determining factor of value destruction. Human resources is determining factor in value co-creation as well as into value co destruction. Further the finding emphasize to decreasing value co-destruction into sustainable ecotourism, otherwise to increasing value co-creation. This study would be valuable asset for tourism to maintain ecotourism through involving tourists to participate at tourist destination, to drive the competence of human resources, to create the beneficial values and vice versa to mitigate value of destruction.
From Reflection to Sustainability: Mapping Psychological Dynamics, Collective Culture, and Supportive Leadership within Front Office Teams in Hotels
Authors: Sustiyatik Enni , Andjarwati Tri , Oktavio Adrie
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the relationships among team psychological safety, participation-supportive leadership, collectivism, team reflexivity, and team sustainability within front office teams in the Indonesian hospitality sector. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 387 respondents across major cities, including Surabaya, Jakarta, Denpasar, and Yogyakarta. The findings indicate that higher levels of psychological safety significantly enhance team reflexivity, allowing team members to engage in open communication and collaborative problem-solving. Additionally, participation-supportive leadership fosters an inclusive environment where team members feel empowered to contribute their ideas, which is essential for effective decision-making. Collectivism serves as a moderating factor, influencing the relationship between leadership and team dynamics, thereby highlighting the importance of cultural values in shaping team interactions. The study underscores the necessity of creating a psychologically safe climate that encourages risk-taking and innovation, ultimately leading to improved team sustainability and performance. Limitations include the cross-sectional design, which restricts causal inferences, and the focus on a specific cultural context, potentially affecting the generalizability of the findings. Future research should explore longitudinal designs and incorporate additional cultural dimensions to enhance the applicability of the results. By providing insights into culturally sensitive practices, this study contributes to the understanding of team dynamics and sustainability in organizational settings, particularly within the hospitality industry.
Building Tolerance from an Early Age: Instilling Religious Moderation Values in Elementary Schools
Authors: Mahrus Mahrus , Afandi Nur Kholik
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes methods for instilling religious moderation values in public elementary schools to foster tolerance from an early age. Education can introduce students to values of diversity and inclusivity at a young age, as elementary schools serve as a strategic platform to cultivate an understanding of differences. Using a literature review method, data was collected from various relevant sources, including scholarly articles, books, and related documents discussing religious moderation education and tolerance attitudes. Data collection was conducted through literature searches in scientific databases and other credible sources using specific keywords to ensure the relevance of the gathered material. The data was then analyzed descriptively using a thematic analysis approach to identify key themes, such as the integration of religious moderation values into the elementary school curriculum, the role of teachers in guiding students to understand moderate values, the use of extracurricular activities to reinforce tolerance practices, and the creation of an inclusive and diversity-supporting school environment. The study's findings indicate that collaboration among schools, teachers, and parents plays a crucial role in shaping attitudes of tolerance and inclusivity through religious moderation education in elementary schools. The study concludes that instilling religious moderation values at the elementary level is a practical approach to fostering a more peaceful and harmonious society in the future.
Consumer Behavior in the Era of AI-Driven Marketing
Authors: Oğuz Arhan
Published: December 2024

The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in marketing has transformed the landscape of consumer behavior, offering unprecedented levels of personalization and engagement. This research explores the intersection of AI technologies and consumer psychology, focusing on how predictive analytics, recommendation systems, and behavioral data influence purchasing decisions. By leveraging machine learning and big data, businesses can craft highly targeted campaigns that resonate with individual preferences and needs. However, this paradigm shift also raises ethical concerns, including privacy violations, data misuse, and algorithmic biases. Through an interdisciplinary approach, the study examines both the opportunities and challenges of AI-driven marketing, offering insights into its impact on consumer trust, decision-making, and brand loyalty. The findings highlight the need for businesses to balance technological innovation with ethical responsibility to foster sustainable relationships with their audiences.
مروری بر کریپتوسپوریدوز در گاو و انسان
Authors: آبی احمد جان
Published: December 2024

کریپتوسپوریدیوم پاروم یکی از شایع‌ترین عوامل اسهال با بی­اشتهایی، تب و از دست دادن آب بدن در گوساله­های شیرخور و اطفال است که سالانه خسارات هنگفت اقتصادی را به­بار می­آورد. این پروتوزون بیماری مشترک را ایجاد می­نماید. میزبان اختصاصی ندارد و در تمامی حیوانات می­تواند دوران حیات خود را تکمیل نماید. هدف اصلی این مقالۀ مروری شناخت کامل بیماری و فکتور­های مؤثر در انتشار آن به منظور طرح پلان­های وقایوی به موقع، مناسب و اقتصادی است. با بررسی آثار معتبر علمی و غربالگری مقاله­های ملی و بین المللی دریافت گردید که مجموعۀ از عوامل مربوط به پارازیت و میزبان؛ مانند تنوع میزبان­ها، مقاومت اواوسیست­ها، مصابیت خودبخودی، کسب مقاومت دارو­یی، عدم واکسین مؤثر مقابل بیماری و زونوز بودن آن باعث انتشار روزافزون بیماری گردیده اند. با در نظر داشت پراهمیت بودن بیماری پیشنهاد می­گردد که مقامات مربوط سمینارهای آموزشی را برای کارمندان خویش در مورد بیماری دایر نمایند.
تأنیث الفعل في اللغتین- العربية والبشتوية- (دراسة نحوية تقابلية)
Authors: عصمت عبدالحنان
Published: December 2024

یوجد الاختلاف بین اللغات العالمية، ولكل لغة قواعد نحوية خاصة بها، ویوجد التشابه كذلك بین بعض اللغات، مثلا: لایوجد فعل إلا وله فاعل، ولاتكون  الجملة كاملة ما لم تقم علی ركنین (المسند والمسند إلیه) يوجد الاختلاف في موقع المسند والمسند إلیه، بین العربية والبشتوية؛ حیث یتقدم المسند إلیه علی المسند في اللغة البشتوية دائما، وأما في اللغة العربية فيأتي المسند إلیه بعد المسند في الجملة الفعلية، وفي الجملة الاسمية يتقدم المسند إلیه علی المسند، وفي اللغة العربية إذا كان الفاعل مؤنثا ‌يؤنث الفعل وجوبا أو جوازا، وعلامات التأنيث في العربية:(التاء الساكنة في آخر الفعل الماضي، والتاء المتحركة في أول المضارع، وكذا في اللغة البشتوية يؤنث الفعل إذا كان الفاعل مؤنثا، وفي العربية یتبع الفعل الفاعل دائما، وفي البشتوية الفعل المتعدي يتبع المفعول في الزمن الماضي من حیث التذكیر والتأنیث وغیرذلك، وعلامات التأنيث في اللغة البشتوية هي: (هْـ، لَهْ، ېْ، لِېْ) في آخر الفعل.
وضعیت سلامت روان معلمان لیسه عالی چهارقلعه چهاردهی
Authors: خیرخواه خیرالدین , عالمی ذکرالله
Published: December 2024

با توجه به هم‌راستایی اهداف نظام آموزش و سلامت روانی که هر دو در ساختن انسان‌هایی سالم و خوشبخت تمرکز دارند، بررسی و تحقیق چنین موضوع از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. تحقیق حاضر به‌منظور بررسی وضعیت سلامت روانی معلمان لیسه عالی چهارقلعه چهاردهی شهر کابل انجام شده‌است. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی ۱۶۰ معلم این لیسه بوده که اطلاعات از ۱۳۹ تن آن‌ها گردآوری شد. از این میان، ۸۳  نفر زن و ۷۷  نفر مرد بودند. این تحقیق از نوع کاربردی (توصیفی-پیمایشی) است. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌ای مبتنی بر چهار بُعدی گلدبرگ (۱۹۷۸) گردآوری شده و با توجه به نرمال بودن داده‌ها، تحلیل آن‌ها با استفاده از آزمون تی تک‌نمونه انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ۳۶٪ از معلمان در سطح سلامت روانی مثبت، 58.3% در سطح وضعیت روان‌شناختی قابل قبول و 5.7% در سطح سلامت روانی مختل قرار داشتند. به‌طور کلی، یافته‌ها نشان داد که سلامت روانی معلمان لیسه عالی چهارقلعه چهاردهی در وضعیت مناسبی قرار دارد.
بررسی نظریه‌های هرمنوتیک(قواعدفهم متن)
Authors: فطرت بریالی
Published: December 2024

دانش هرمنوتیک درباره‌ی قواعد و مبانی نظری تفسیر، فهم معنای متن و ویژگی‌های ذاتی فهم بحث می‌کند. نظریه‌ی هرمنوتیک شامل سه رویکرد اصلی است: هرمنوتیک روش‌شناختی که معطوف به درک مراد مؤلف در متن است، هرمنوتیک فلسفی که به تبیین هستی‌شناسی فهم و شرایط وجودی حصول آن می‌پردازد، و هرمنوتیک انتقادی که روش‌های انتقادی را در علوم انسانی به کار می‌گیرد. این تحقیق به روش مروری و با استفاده از منابع معتبر انجام شده است. هدف این مطالعه دستیابی به قواعد و روش‌های فهم معنای متن می‌باشد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که دانش هرمنوتیک فرآیند تفسیر متون را روشمند و قاعده‌مند ساخته است. در نظریه‌های هرمنوتیک، روش‌مندی در تفسیر متن نه‌تنها ابزاری برای فهم و بازسازی مراد مؤلف است، بلکه به خودشناسی و درک معنای باطنی متن نیز می‌انجامد. اهمیت این مقاله در این است که نقش محوری هرمنوتیک و روش‌های دستیابی به فهم معنای متن را نشان می‌دهد و جایگاه آن را در مطالعات تفسیری برجسته می‌سازد.
АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ НА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ РОСТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БУРЯТИЯ
Authors: Лубсанов Г.Ж. , Богомолов А.И.
Published: December 2024

благополучие любого субъекта РФ напрямую зависит от уровня его экономики, а она – от притока инвестиций. Следовательно, появляется необходимость проведения анализа влияния инвестиций на экономическое состояние того или иного субъекта РФ. В связи с этим, был проведен анализ влияния инвестиций на экономический рост республики Бурятия.

the well-being of any subject of the Russian Federation directly depends on the level of its economy, and it - on the inflow of investments. Consequently, there is a need to analyze the impact of investments on the economic state of a particular subject of the Russian Federation. In this regard, an analysis of the impact of investments on the economic growth of the Republic of Buryatia was conducted.
АНАЛИЗ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ РАЗМЕРА ПЕНСИИ ОТ РАЗМЕРА ЗАРПЛАТЫ ПО РОССИИ ЗА 2007-2018 г.
Authors: Давыдов А.В.
Published: December 2024

пенсионный вопрос имеет огромное значение для многих граждан нашей страны. И это не должно вызывать удивления, учитывая, что численность пенсионеров, состоящих на учете в ПФР, сегодня составляет 43,5 млн человек. Размер их пенсии зависит от многих факторов, но главным из них является заработная плата, которую получал гражданин в период своей трудоспособности. Поэтому в данной работе мы будем определять в какой степени размер заработной платы будет влиять на размер пенсии, составим для этого необходимые модели, проведем тесты, а в конце определим основные и необходимые направления дальнейшего развития

The pension issue is of great importance for many citizens of our country. And this should not be surprising, given that the number of pensioners registered with the PFR today is 43.5 million people. The size of their pension depends on many factors, but the main one is the salary that the citizen received during the period of his ability to work. Therefore, in this paper we will determine to what extent the size of wages will affect the size of the pension, we will make the necessary models for this purpose, conduct tests, and at the end we will determine the main and necessary directions for further development
ВЛИЯНИЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ НА ПРОДОЛЖИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ЖИЗНИ
Authors: Бондаренко Н.О. , Богомолов А.И.
Published: December 2024

Французский философ и экономист XVI века Жан Боден называл финансы нервами государства и архимедовой точкой опоры, подчёркивая таким образом большое их влияние на все сферы жизни общества. По мере развития человечества все большее внимание уделяется обеспечению роста продолжительности жизни, являющейся важным показателем уровня здоровья населения и состояния системы здравоохранение. Настоящая работа посвящена изучению взаимосвязи ожидаемой продолжительности жизни и государственной политики в сфере расходов за последние 20 лет на примере разных стран. В ходе работы было проанализировано, как государственные расходы оказывают влияние на указанный показатель, чем это влияние обусловлено и сделаны выводы об эффективности применяемых мер. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в ходе определения основных направлений бюджетной политики Российской Федерации в целях достижения поставленных президентом национальных целей развития

French philosopher and economist of the 16th century Jean Bodin called finance the nerves of the state and the Archimedean fulcrum, thus emphasizing its great influence on all spheres of society. With the development of mankind, more and more attention is paid to ensuring the growth of life expectancy, which is an important indicator of the level of public health and the state of the health care system. This paper is devoted to the study of the relationship between life expectancy and public policy in the field of expenditures for the last 20 years on the example of different countries. In the course of the work it was analyzed how public expenditures have an impact on this indicator, what causes this impact and made conclusions about the effectiveness of the applied measures. The obtained results can be used in the course of determining the main directions of the budget policy of the Russian Federation in order to achieve the national development goals set by the President.
ТЕНЕВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА КАК ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ КАТЕГОРИЯ
Authors: Меньшиков А.С.
Published: December 2024

В работе проводится анализ теневой экономики с институциональной точки зрения и подчеркивается ее свойства как общественного института. Теневая экономика очень многогранна и проявляется в разнообразных формах. На текущий момент времени теневая экономика обладает многими противоречивыми свойствами, которые требуют раскрытия. Теневую экономику следует рассматривать как институциональную проблему. Другими словами, существуют определенные правила игры в обществе, устанавливающие теневые взаимоотношения. Эти взаимоотношения имею разное влияние на общественную жизнь, которое подробно описано в этой работе. Теневая экономика сильно зависит от показателей институциональной среды общества. Теневую экономику следует рассматривать как существующий общественный институт. При этом в глаза бросается экстрактивная сущность теневой экономики. В рамках исследования проанализирована структура и характеристики дебиторской задолженности как скрытой переменной для оценки теневой экономики. В работе сформирован вывод о зависимости размера теневой экономики от доли дебиторской задолженности в балансе. В работе проверена гипотеза о влиянии доли дебиторской задолженности в прибыли на теневую экономику. Выдвинуты предпосылки для использования показателей дебиторской задолженности в качестве переменной для моделирования теневой экономики.

The paper analyzes the shadow economy from the institutional point of view and emphasizes its properties as a social institution. The shadow economy is very multifaceted and manifests itself in various forms. At the current moment of time the shadow economy has many contradictory properties that require disclosure. Shadow economy should be considered as an institutional problem. In other words, there are certain rules of the game in society that establish shadow relationships. These relationships have different effects on social life, which are described in detail in this paper. The shadow economy is strongly dependent on the indicators of the institutional environment of the society. Shadow economy should be considered as an existing social institution. At the same time, the extractive nature of the shadow economy is striking. The study analyzes the structure and characteristics of accounts receivable as a latent variable to assess the shadow economy. The paper forms a conclusion about the dependence of the size of the shadow economy on the share of accounts receivable in the balance sheet. The paper tested the hypothesis about the impact of the share of accounts receivable in profits on the shadow economy. Prerequisites for the use of accounts receivable indicators as a variable for modeling the shadow economy are put forward.
L’EFFET INDUIT DE LA PARTICIPATION DES PERES A UNE INTERVENTION FAMILIALE
Authors:   Assistant de deuxième mandat à l’Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bongimba/Maï-Ndombe-RDC, IBA FAMILIA ZAMBIA MBOMA
Published: December 2024

Cette étude évalue l’effet ajouté de la participation des pères à l‘intervention familiale du programme de prévention Fluppy sur la qualité des pratiques parentales (mesurées à partir de l’observation directe d’une interaction parent-enfant) et sur le degré des difficultés de comportement manifestées par les enfants (mesurées selon l’enseignante et selon la mère). Une évaluation pré-test et une évaluation post-test ont été effectuées sur trois groupes équivalents. Les analyses ne démontrent pas d’effet à court terme de la participation du père sur la modification des difficultés de comportement des enfants. L’ensemble des résultats propose des pistes intéressantes pour l’intervention, notamment quant à l’importance de bien évaluer les pratiques parentales des pères autant que celles des mères, ainsi qu’en regard des avantages possibles à retirer des efforts mis en place pour rejoindre les deux parents des enfants qui présentent des difficultés précoces de comportement.

Mots-clés : enfant, parents, famille, post-test et pré-test.
DENUCLEARIZATION OF NORTH KOREA : KAZAKHSTAN WOULD BE THE MODEL TO FOLLOW
Authors:   Professor and Expert in international relations at the National Pedagogical University/Kinshasa-DRC, MUNGOY Daniel KAKESE
Published: December 2024

Dans cet article, nous nous interrogeons sur le point de savoir si la dénucléarisation serait opérationnelle et efficace. Une brève présentation de la Corée du Nord sera faite tout en essayant de mettre en évidence les raisons pour lesquelles la Corée du Nord souhaite l’arme nucléaire ainsi que les problèmes qui lui sont probablement liés. Plus important encore, l’article suggère que le modèle du Kazakhstan conviendrait à la Corée du Nord si la dénucléarisation avait lieu.

Mots-clés : Dénucléarisation, Corée du Nord et Kazakhstan.
VERS UNE COUVERTURE SANITAIRE UNIVERSELLE EN RDC. QUEL SOCLE DE PROTECTION SOCIALE ?
Authors:   Professeur à la Faculté des Sciences Économiques et de Gestion à l’UPN/Kinshasa-RDC, KAPENDA Flory KABONGO
Published: December 2024

Cette réflexion étale les nouvelles perspectives sur la sécurité sociale en République Démocratique du Congo, à travers des mesures publiques visant la prise en charge des populations sur les questions sanitaires notamment la maladie, la maternité, les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles, mais aussi autres problèmes sociaux à savoir : le chômage, l’invalidité, la vieillesse et le décès, l’octroi de prestations aux familles avec enfants.

Mots-clés : couverture sanitaire, protection sociale, RDC.
LECTURE HISTORIQUE ET FONCTIONNELLE DES GROUPES REBELLES ACTIFS DANS L’EST DE LA REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO DE L’AFDL AU CNDP
Authors:   Assistant premier mandat au Département des Sciences Politiques et Administratives, Relations Internationales et Bonne Gouvernance au Centre de Recherche en Sciences Humaines (CRESH)/Kinshasa-RDC, CIVAVA Isaac CIRHUZA
Published: December 2024

Depuis les années 1996-1997, l’Est de la République Démocratique du Congo est successivement paralysé par la guerre interminable. Plusieurs groupes armés ont vu le jour dans cette partie du pays provoquant des pertes en vies humaines et la dégradation totale du tissu économique du pays. Cette guerre a beaucoup endeuillée la population, des crimes odieux et graves ont été enregistrés notamment : les crimes de génocide, crime contre l’humanité, crime de guerre, mutilation, exécutions arbitraires, viols, traitement cruels et dégradant et d’autres atrocités,… Au cours de cette étude, nous nous sommes intéressé à des principales rebellions notamment, celle de l’AFDL, du RCD et du CNDP, en essayant de comprendre la motivation dans leur création, les objectifs poursuivis ainsi que le soutien tant matériel que politique.

Mots-clés : conflit armé, groupes armés, rebellion, RDC.
CONTENT OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN SOILS OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE SUGHD REGION
Authors: Rakhmatov Mukhamadi , Abdullozoda Sabur , Ismoilov Komronjon
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the study, obtained original data on the content and distribution of rare earth elements in the soils of the south-eastern part of Sughd region. The concentrations of rare earth elements were determined by using a highly sensitive inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. A total of 30 samples were collected and analyzed. Peculiarities of accumulation of rare earth elements depending on regional characteristics have been revealed. The average concentrations of the studied rare earth elements are within the clarke index and below. The use of variational-statistical methods for processing the obtained results made it possible at least to some extent, streamline the results of analytical studies of soils within the south-eastern part of the Sughd region. Concentrations of rare earth elements in the soils of the southeastern part of the Soghd region vary within narrow intervals. At the same time, the distribution of REE bears a regular character in the areas (2.44−9.72%) under study. Quantitative criteria degree of accumulation and enrichment of soils have been calculated: here refer factors of enrichment, concentration coefficient, concentration clarke and dispersion clarke. On the base of the obtained values of these indicators it is shown that the soils of the studied points are characterized by a moderate level of accumulation and enrichment. Based on the data obtained, a series was compiled for the average content of rare earth elements: > > > > > > > > > > , while the contents of La, Eu and Gd are very close to the clarkes of the earth’s crust, lower – Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm. The highest concentrations are cerium, lanthanum and neodymium, the lowest concentrations are praseodymium, gadolinium, samarium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, terbium and holmium. The distribution of all studied rare earth elements is close in terms of asymmetry and kurtosis, and is observed for some elements. We have established a significant correlation between the content of Ce and La (r = 0,98), Pr and La (r = 0,97), Pr and Ce (r = 0,95), Nd and La (r = 0,94), Nd and Ce (r = 0,91), Nd and Pr (r = 0,99), Sm and Pr (r = 0,86), Sm and Nd (r = 0,86), Sm and Nd (r = 0,91), Gd and Pr (r = 0,81), Tb and Gd (r = 0,84), Er and Dy (r = 0,84), Er and Ho (r = 0,90), Tm and Er (r = 0,94),which indicates to their lithogenic origin.
INFLUENCE OF TREATMENT OF CORN SEEDS OF THE "DILSHOD" VARIETY WITH A BARRIER DISCHARGE ON THEIR GERMINATION, PLANT GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Nazirov Firdavs , Khojazoda Toir
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of barrier discharge treatment of corn seeds on their germination, plant growth and yield. Three groups of seeds were treated for 2, 4 and 6 minutes, followed by cooling for 48 and 72 hrs, respectively. The results showed significant increase in germination, plant height and number of cobs after seed treatment, especially in the treatment for 4 minutes followed by cooling for 72 hours. The highest increase in yield was recorded in the same group. The data obtained indicate the promising use of barrier discharge seed treatment to increase the productivity of corn crops.
APPLICATION OF TRIGRAMS IN ENCRYPTION OF OBJECTS USING THE POLYBIUS SQUARE AND A DOUBLE KEY
Authors: Gafurov Mirshafi , Radjabova Asliya , Giyosov Rustam
Published: December 2024

With the advent of new computing power and the development of the relevant industry, a number of existing methods and methods of information protection need a qualitative update, which necessitates the conduct of comprehensive research that will contribute to the modernization of existing methods and methods and the development of new ones. These studies will primarily be applicable in law enforcement and security forces, the banking and financial sector and the implementation of non-cash payments for government services, where it is necessary to ensure the security and protection of information, in particular in the investigation and detection of crimes related to unauthorized access to computer information - cybercrimes. This article discusses a new method and method for encrypting given text objects and reducing them to a closed (confidential) object, which allows structures providing state secrets and information protection, based on the creation of a set of one-way trigrams of the encryption alphabet, development and use of a variant of the key operator on based on the Polybey square, the use of a second key to encrypt an object using the example of Tajik language text (applicable to the text of an arbitrary language), which has a high strength of the encrypted (closed) object.Key words: method, object, alphabet, encryption, decryption, trigram, sets, symbol, operator-key, variant, stability.
STUDY OF A CLASS OF OPERATOR-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF THE SECOND ORDER
Authors: Zarifzoda Sarvar , Todjiddinovich Muhiddin , Bobiyev Myhamadrasul
Published: December 2024

In this article one class of second order operator-differential equation have been investigated. First of all the own function of the three – pointed differential equation was found. Then the second order operator-differential equation in three cases in depending of the roots of the corresponding characteristic equation has been investigated. In the case when the roots of the characteristic equation are real and different? The general solution of the operator-differential equation was found by the means of two arbitrary constant. Ш.When the roots of the characteristic equation are real and equal and complex and conjugate the general solution of the second order operator-differential equation also has been found by the means of the two arbitrary constants.
SOLUBILITY AND PHASE EQUILIBRIUM OF AN WATER SYSTEM - POTASSIUM, MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM SALTS CARBONATES AT A TEMPERATURE OF 25°C
Authors: Usmonov Muhammadsalim
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of studying the solubility of the K+, Mg2+,Ca2+//CO3
2-H2O system at a temperature of 25°C using the translation method. It is very necessary to know the laws of the structure of the phase diagram in it for the processing of natural mineral substances and industrial waste containing salts of potassium, calcium and magnesium carbonates. One of the current environmental problems in our country is the presence of various wastes, including wastes from industrial enterprises, which have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, studying the solvability of such systems is not only of theoretical importance, but also of great scientific and practical importance. The solubility of the K+,Mg2+,Ca2+//CO32-H2O system at a temperature of 250C was studied experimentally, based on the obtained evidence, for the first time. It is shown in Figure 2. a) presented water-salt part, b) salt part.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENTS OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTION OF UNPURIFIED AND PURIFIED COAGULANT FROM KAOLIN CLAYS OF THE DEPOSIT « CHASHMA-SANG »
Authors: Umarali Safarali , Usmonov Muhammadsalim
Published: December 2024

In article presents a feasibility study of the process of obtaining crude and purified coagulant for the treatment of wastewater and drinking water from kaolin clays in the deposit «Chashma-Sang» by sulfatisation. The process of sulfatisation of kaolin clays proceeds at temperature 200-280 °С, duration 60-90 min, concentration of sulphuric acid 95-98%, dosage 100-110% of stoichiometry. At the same time the degree of extraction of aluminium sulphate is more than 90%. On the basis of laboratory studies, a pilot test was carried out to produce pilot batches of crude and purified coagulants with further testing of their coagulation ability in laboratory conditions. The feasibility study was carried out on the basis of the results of pilot tests and existing equipment at the gas treatment plant of JSC «Tajik Aluminium Company». According to the calculations, the cost of one tonne of crude coagulant excluding wages and existing taxes is 625 somoni (57.3 $) and the cost of purified coagulant is 816 somoni (74.8 $). On the basis of carried out laboratory researches and technical and economic calculations it is possible to draw a conclusion about efficiency of technology of reception of crude and purified coagulants and possibility of its introduction in manufacture.
IR SPECTROSCOPY OF SURFACE PHOSPHATE COMPLEXES ON (HYDRO) OXIDE PHASES OF IRON (REVIEW).
Authors: Kuzin Alexander , Samadov Abdurasul , Shelontsev Vladimir , Eliseeva Elena , Gerasimova Irina
Published: December 2024

A review is given on the study of the nature of surface phosphate complexes on iron (hydr)oxide phases using IR spectroscopy. IR spectroscopy is very popular for studying surface phosphate complexes on various iron (hydr)oxides. This research method is “very sensitive” to the coordination environment and protonated states of phosphate complexes. The adsorption of phosphate ions on the surface of (hydr)iron oxides depends on pH. Protonation of surface inner-sphere complexes is assumed in almost all studies, especially in the case of complexes formed at low pH values. The nature of surface phosphate complexes on iron (hydr)oxides depends on the hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate ions that interact with Fe (II) and Fe (III) ions on the surface.
SYNTHESIS OF 3-R-1,5-DINITRO-3-AZABICYCLO[3.3.1]NON-7-EN-6-IMINES BASED ON 2,4-DINITROANILINE
Authors: Mukhtorov Loik , Aleksandrov Nikita , Simonov Roman , Belokon Danila , Ivanova Evgenia , Atroshchenko Yuri , Karimov Mahmadkul , Shakhkeldyan Irina
Published: December 2024

We have synthesized new derivatives of 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane by Mannich condensation of the hydride σ-adduct of 2,4-dinitroaniline with formaldehyde and primary amines. The synthesis is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the action of potassium tetrahydroborate (KBH4) on a solution of 2,4-dinitroaniline resulted in the reduction of the C=C bond of the aromatic ring with the formation of a two-charged hydride diadduct. The obtained diadduct without isolation from the solution and under ice cooling was introduced into the Mannich condensation reaction with formaldehyde and primary amine solution. When the reaction mixture is acidified with dilute phosphoric acid to pH 4÷5, the target products are crystallized. After recrystallization from acetone, the yield of target products, depending on the substituent at the nitrogen atom, was 65–70%. This method of obtaining is characterized by relative simplicity, the availability of reagents that makes it possible to carry out reaction under a mild acidic condition to 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives containing nitro groups that are promising from the point of view of further functionalization. The structure of the obtained compounds was proved by IR, 1H-, 13C-, two-dimensional correlation NMR spectroscopy, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data.
Exploring Connections Between Diet, Saliva Production, and Oral Health
Authors: Fatemeh Robati Baran , Mirhedayati Sayed Erfan , Mirhedayati Sayed Aref
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between diet, saliva production and oral health. It has been proven that there is a significant relationship between saliva concentration and tooth decay. People who consume large amounts of sugar experience a decrease in saliva secretion, as well as thick and sticky saliva. People who have thick and sticky saliva always have poor oral hygiene and their teeth are covered with pigment (stain) or plaque. The amount of tooth decay in these people varies from moderate to severe. One of the factors that reduce saliva is an improper diet, especially a lack of vitamins, excessive consumption of sugar, all kinds of chocolate, biscuits and sweets, and insufficient daily water consumption. Usually, the body needs 2 liters of drinking water (equivalent to 8 glasses). If the decrease in saliva is low or moderate, the tissues of the mouth and teeth may have a normal appearance, but a severe decrease in the flow of saliva or a complete stoppage of the flow of saliva causes an infectious mouth and severe decay of the teeth. Dryness and cracking of the lips, ulceration of the corners of the mouth, burning of the tongue and mucosa inside the mouth, impregnation of the tongue and palate are other complications of decreased salivation.