bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Collaborative Habituation to Everyday Togetherness: A Long-Term Study of Use of the Messaging Kettle
Authors: Ambe Aloha Hufana , Soro Alessandro , Johnson Daniel , Brereton Margot
Published: January 2022

We present a long-term study of use of the Messaging Kettle, an Internet of Things (IOT) research prototype that augments an everyday kettle with both sensing and messaging capability and a beautiful light display in order to investigate connecting geographically distant loved ones to their family through the routine of boiling the kettle. Connection at a distance has been of sustained interest to the CHI community, and the social connection of older people is of increasing importance in recognition of ageing populations globally. However, very few novel designs in this domain have been investigated in situ or over the long term to examine whether their use sustains, and if so, how they impact communication in a relationship. The Messaging Kettle was trialled with four pairs of dispersed older mothers and adult daughters over timeframes that lasted between two months to more than two years. We observed the phenomenon ofcollaborative habituationwherein each party creatively made the technology work for them both through a combination of the gradual transformation of their everyday practices, arrangements, and living. Through developing these joint practices over time, participants expressed feelings ofeveryday togethernessthat nurture their relationship at a distance. Three of the four couples continued to use the prototype for years, beyond the initial trial. We reflect on the artful integration of features of the Messaging Kettle and the way in which these features supportedcollaborative habituation. We also reflect on lessons and implications for the design of such relational technologies.
Towards a Unified and Efficient Command Selection Mechanism for Touch-Based Devices Using Soft Keyboard Hotkeys
Authors: Fennedy Katherine , Srivastava Angad , Malacria Sylvain , Perrault Simon T.
Published: January 2022

We advocate for the usage of hotkeys on touch-based devices by capitalising on soft keyboards through four studies. First, we evaluated visual designs and recommended icons with command names for novices while letters with command names for experts. Second, we investigated the discoverability by asking crowdworkers to use our prototype, with some tasks only doable upon successfully discovering the technique. Discovery rates were high regardless of conditions that vary the familiarity and saliency of modifier keys. However, familiarity with desktop hotkeys boosted discoverability. Our third study focused on how prior knowledge of hotkeys could be leveraged and resulted in a 5% selection time improvement and identified the role of spatial memory in retention. Finally, we compared our soft keyboard layout with a grid layout similar to FastTap. The latter offered a 12–16% gain on selection speed, but at a high cost in terms of screen estate and low spatial stability.
Flud: A Hybrid Crowd–Algorithm Approach for Visualizing Biological Networks
Authors: Bharadwaj Aditya , Gwizdala David , Kim Yoonjin , Luther Kurt , Murali T. M.
Published: January 2022

Modern experiments in many disciplines generate large quantities of network (graph) data. Researchers require aesthetic layouts of these networks that clearly convey the domain knowledge and meaning. However, the problem remains challenging due to multiple conflicting aesthetic criteria and complex domain-specific constraints. In this article, we present a strategy for generating visualizations that can help network biologists understand the protein interactions that underlie processes that take place in the cell. Specifically, we have developed Flud, a crowd-powered system that allows humans with no expertise to design biologically meaningful graph layouts with the help of algorithmically generated suggestions. Furthermore, we propose a novel hybrid approach for graph layout wherein crowd workers and a simulated annealing algorithm build on each other’s progress. A study of about 2,000 crowd workers on Amazon Mechanical Turk showed that the hybrid crowd–algorithm approach outperforms the crowd-only approach and state-of-the-art techniques when workers were asked to lay out complex networks that represent signaling pathways. Another study of seven participants with biological training showed that Flud layouts are more effective compared to those created by state-of-the-art techniques. We also found that the algorithmically generated suggestions guided the workers when they are stuck and helped them improve their score. Finally, we discuss broader implications for mixed-initiative interactions in layout design tasks beyond biology.
Data-driven Crowd Modeling Techniques: A Survey
Authors: Zhong Jinghui , Li Dongrui , Huang Zhixing , Lu Chengyu , Cai Wentong
Published: January 2022

Data-driven crowd modeling has now become a popular and effective approach for generating realistic crowd simulation and has been applied to a range of applications, such as anomaly detection and game design. In the past decades, a number of data-driven crowd modeling techniques have been proposed, providing many options for people to generate virtual crowd simulation. This article provides a comprehensive survey of these state-of-the-art data-driven modeling techniques. We first describe the commonly used datasets for crowd modeling. Then, we categorize and discuss the state-of-the-art data-driven crowd modeling methods. After that, data-driven crowd model validation techniques are discussed. Finally, six promising future research topics of data-driven crowd modeling are discussed.
A Language for Agent-based Discrete-event Modeling and Simulation of Linked Lives
Authors: Reinhardt Oliver , Warnke Tom , Uhrmacher Adelinde M.
Published: January 2022

In agent-based modeling and simulation, discrete-time methods prevail. While there is a need to cover the agents’ dynamics in continuous time, commonly used agent-based modeling frameworks offer little support for discrete-event simulation. Here, we present a formal syntax and semantics of the language ML3 (Modeling Language for Linked Lives) for modeling and simulating multi-agent systems as discrete-event systems. The language focuses on applications in demography, such as migration processes, and considers this discipline’s specific requirements. These include the importance of life courses being linked and the age-dependency of activities and events. The developed abstract syntax of the language combines the metaphor of agents with guarded commands. Its semantics is defined in terms of Generalized Semi-Markov Processes. The concrete language has been realized as an external domain-specific language. We discuss implications for efficient simulation algorithms and elucidate benefits of formally defining domain-specific languages for modeling and simulation.
Determinants of Insecticide Resistance Evolution: Comparative Analysis Among Heliothines
Authors: Walsh T.K. , Heckel D.G. , Wu Yidong , Downes S. , Gordon K.H.J. , Oakeshott J.G.
Published: January 2022

It is increasingly clear that pest species vary widely in their propensities to develop insecticide resistance. This review uses a comparative approach to analyze the key pest management practices and ecological and biochemical or genetic characteristics of the target that contribute to this variation. We focus on six heliothine species, three of which, Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis virescens, and Helicoverpa zea, have developed resistances to many pesticide classes. The three others, Helicoverpa punctigera, Helicoverpa assulta, and Helicoverpa gelotopoeon, also significant pests, have developed resistance to very few pesticide classes. We find that host range and movement between alternate hosts are key ecological traits that influence effective selection intensities for resistance. Operational issues are also critical; area-wide, cross-pesticide management practices that account for these ecological factors are key to reducing selection intensity. Without such management, treatment using broad-spectrum chemicals serves to multiply the effects of host plant preference, preadaptive detoxification ability, and high genetic diversity to create a pesticide treadmill for the three high-propensity species.Without rigorous ongoing management, such a treadmill could still develop for newer, more selective chemistries and insecticidal transgenic crops.
Dramatic Drop in Cell Resistance through Induced Dipoles and Bipolar Electrochemistry
Authors: Fuentes-Rodríguez L. , Abad Ll. , Pujades E. , Gómez-Romero P. , Tonti D. , Casañ-Pastor N.
Published: January 2022

The use of slurries of conducting particles has been considered a way to extend the electrode area in some energy storage electrochemical cells. When suspensions of conducting particles are used in electrolytes a decreased impedance is observed, even for concentrations much lower than the theoretical percolation limits. Indeed, it is known that polarization occurs when a conducting material is immersed in an electrolyte in presence of electric fields, and bipolar electrochemistry processes may occur. This work demonstrates the dramatic drop in resistance for electrochemical cells with just a few macroscopic conducting pieces immersed in the electrolyte, in the absence of any electrical contact, through bipolar induction. Furthermore, mediation of soluble redox species between adjacent induced poles of opposite charge results in an additional mechanism for charge transfer, contributing further to the decrease in impedance. Relevant parameters like size, geometry, and spatial occupation of inducible pieces within the electric field, are relevant. Remarkably, the effects observed can explain some empirical observations previously reported for carbon suspensions and slurries. Thus, no electronic percolation requiring particle contact, nor ordering, are needed to explain the good performance associated to lowered impedance These results suggest new engineering designs for electrochemical cells with enhanced currents.
Improving Catalytic Activity in the Electrochemical Separation of CO2 Using Membrane Electrode Assemblies
Authors: Schwartz Nicholas , Harrington Jason , Ziegler Kirk , Cox Philip
Published: January 2022

The direct electrochemically driven separation of CO2 from a humidified N2, O2, and CO2 gas mixture was conducted using an asymmetric membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The MEA was fabricated using a screen-printed ionomer bound Pt cathode, an anion exchange membrane (AEM), and ionomer bound IrO2 anode. Electrocatalyst materials were physically and chemically characterized prior to inclusion within the electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurements using a rotating disk electrode (RDE) were used to quantify the catalytic activity and determine the effects of the catalyst-to-ionomer ratio. Catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface analysis, and (dynamic light scattering) DLS to evaluate catalyst structure, active surface area, and determine the particle size and bulk particle size distribution (PSD). The electrocatalyst layer of the electrodes were fabricated by screen printing a uniformly dispersed mixture of catalyst, dissolved anionic ionomer, and a solvent system onto an electrode supporting gas diffusion layer (GDL). Pt-IrO2 MEAs were fabricated and current-voltage relationships were determined using constant-current measurements over a range of applied current densities and flow rates. Baseline reaction kinetics for CO2 separation were established with a standard set of Pt-IrO2 MEAs.
A Dual-Function Cobalt Metal-Organic Framework for High Proton Conduction and Selective Luminescence Sensing of Histidine
Authors: Wu Guo-Mei , Li Wen-Jing , Yang Li-Bin , Zhang Chen-Xi
Published: January 2022

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is a key component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In recent years, metal organic framework (MOF) and its composite membranes have become the research hotspots. [Co(L-Glu)(H2O)·H2O]n (Co-MOF, L-Glu = L-glutamate) was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Co2+ ions are coordinated with L-Glu ligands and water molecules to form one-dimensional chains extending along the a-axis, which are further bridged by L-Glu ligands to form a three-dimensional network structure. AC impedance analysis shows that the proton conductivity of Co-MOF reaches 3.14 × 10−4 S·cm−1 under 98% relative humidity (RH) and 338 K. To improve proton conductivity, different contents of Co-MOF were added in chitosan (CS) to form composite membranes Co-MOF@CS-X (mass fraction X = 5%, 10%, 15% wt). The results show the proton conductivity of the Co-MOF@CS-10 composite membrane is 1.73 × 10−3 S·cm−1 at 358 K and 98% RH, which is more than 3 times that of pure CS. As far as we known, this is the first composite made of amino acid MOFs and CS as proton exchange membrane. Furthermore, Co-MOF has an obvious quenching effect on L-histidine in aqueous solution, which can detect the content of L-histidine in water with high sensitivity, and the detection limit is 1 × 10−7 M.
Electrochemical Deposition of Lead for Water Quality Sensing
Authors: Nelson Anna M. , Habibi Sanaz , Lee Jaesung , Burns Mark A.
Published: January 2022

Lead contamination in drinking water can pose serious health risks to humans, and can often go undetected as a result of corrosion of lead infrastructure installed in buildings constructed prior to 1986. Thus, there is an unmet need for timely, cost-effective, and onsite monitoring of lead in drinking water. Here, we have designed a four-electrode system to reliably respond to electrodeposited lead oxide that provides a near real-time indication of lead presence. To better understand this detection mechanism, we investigated the temporal and spatial electrochemical deposition of lead using potential response data, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fractal dimension (

f

D

), and COMSOL Multiphysics® finite element analysis. Our results suggest that the deposition of lead oxide on the sensor is diffusion limited. Such fundamental understanding of the detection mechanism is critical to improve and shorten the detection time of the sensor. We used this information to improve the detection time and reliability of the signal by reducing the electrode gap distance and agitating the solution. This study provides a path for further optimization of a continuous electrochemical sensor for onsite monitoring of lead in drinking water.
The Effect of Surface Pretreatment of Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 on the Subsequent Inhibition by Cerium(III) Acetate in Chloride-Containing Solution
Authors: Milošev Ingrid , Rodič Peter
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to investigate the effect of surface pretreatment on the corrosion protection of aluminum alloy 7075-T6 in sodium chloride solution using cerium acetate as a corrosion inhibitor. Different surface pretreatments were tested: (i) mechanical grinding, (ii) mechanical grinding and non-water diamond polishing, (iii) mechanical grinding, alkaline etching with NaOH and acid desmutting, and (iv) mechanical grinding, alkaline cleaning with a commercial SurTec cleaner and acid desmutting. Topography, composition, and morphology of inhibited surface during immersion were investigated using optical microscopy, 3-D profilometry, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The corrosion properties were determined by potentiodynamic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in sodium chloride solution without and with the addition of cerium acetate. A change in the composition and morphology of the inhibited surface was noticed as a function of surface pretreatment and immersion time. Appropriate surface treatment resulted in improved protection against localized corrosion even after long-term immersion up to 1 month. Among mechanical pretreatments, polishing gave better results than grinding. Among chemical pretreatments, alkaline cleaning in SurTec/HNO3 was more appropriate as a preceding step to acid desmutting than alkaline etching with NaOH.
Ba0.5Gd0.8La0.7Co2O6−δ
Infiltrated BaZr0.8Y0.2O3−δ
Composite Oxygen Electrodes for Protonic Ceramic Cells
Authors: Wang Qingjie , Ricote Sandrine , Wang Yu , Hendriksen Peter Vang , Wang Jianqiang , Chen Ming
Published: January 2022

In this study, a composite oxygen electrode is prepared by infiltrating a protonic-electronic conducting material, Ba0.5Gd0.8La0.7Co2O6−δ
(BGLC) into a proton-conducting BaZr0.8Y0.2O3−δ
(BZY20) backbone. The composite oxygen electrode is studied in a symmetrical cell configuration (BGLC-BZY20//BZY20//BGLC-BZY20). The electrode and cell performance are characterized via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with varying the operating conditions, including temperatures, oxygen, and steam partial pressures, with the purpose to identify and characterize the different electrochemical processes taking place in the oxygen electrode. Three electrode reaction processes are observed in the impedance spectra, which are tentatively assigned to i) diffusion of adsorbed oxygen/proton migration/hydroxyl formation, ii) oxygen reduction, and iii) charge transfer, going from the low- to high-frequency range. The BGLC-BZY20 electrode developed in this work shows a low polarization resistance of 0.22, 0.58, and 1.43 Ω cm2 per single electrode in 3% humidified synthetic air (21% O2/79% N2) at 600 °C, 550 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. During long-term measurement, the cell shows no degradation in the first 350 h but degrades afterward possibly due to insufficient material stability.
Simulating Pitting Corrosion in AM 316L Microstructures Through Phase Field Methods and Computational Modeling
Authors: Brewick Patrick T.
Published: January 2022

This work investigates how the crystallographic features of additive manufactured (AM) microstructures impact the pitting corrosion process through computational simulations of phase field models. Crystallographic influence is explored by introducing orientation dependencies into the corrosion potentials and elastic constants of the model through microstructural data provided from AM 316L samples. Comparisons of evolved pit morphologies and stress responses are made to a standard homogeneous, semi-circular model to better highlight how the complexity of AM microstructures affects pit evolution and stress concentrations. The results illustrate that AM-informed modeling cases produce larger, deeper pits with numerous locations of elevated stress concentrations along the pit front.
Effect of Particle Size and pH Value of Slurry on Chemical Mechanical Polishing of SiO2 Film
Authors: Xu Fan , Wang Weilei , Xu Aoxue , Feng Daohuan , Liu Weili , Song Zhitang
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the effects of particle size and pH of SiO2-based slurry on chemical mechanical polishing for SiO2 film. It was found that the removal rates and surface roughness of the material was highly dependent on the particle size and pH. As the particle size varied, the main polishing mechanism reasoned to provide activation energy to mechanical erasure. In addition, pH affected the particle size and Zeta potential, which had an important effect on the strength of the mechanical and chemical action of the chemical mechanical polishing. The change in mechanical action greatly influenced the removal rate. According to the experimental results, the best polishing of SiO2 film was achieved with 40 nm particle size SiO2 abrasives when the pH was 4.
Titanium Nitride As a Conducting Interfacial Layer between Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts and Silicon Photocathodes for Stable Solar-to-Hydrogen Water Splitting Devices
Authors: Hwang Shinjae , Laursen Anders B. , Porter Spencer H , Hongbin Yang , Li Mengjun , Manichev Viacheslav , Calvinho Karin U. D. , Amarasinghe Voshadhi , Greenblatt Martha , Garfunkel Eric , Dismukes Gerard Charles
Published: January 2022

The development of a solar-driven water splitting device that replaces costly noble metal electrodes, while achieving high performance and stable operation, is a major challenge. Transition metal phosphides (TMP) are being developed as low-cost hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts, but no reports have demonstrated their successful integration with a photoabsorber achieving stable performance in liquid junction electrolytes. Here, we report on a monolithic junction consisting of cubic-NiP2 HER catalyst : TiN ultrathin-film : Si photoabsorber. Crystalline TiN creates an electron conducting, near-transparent film that effectively hinders atomic diffusion during fabrication and maintains stable interfaces. Crystalline cubic-NiP2 on TiN/n+p-Si retains 97% of the bare Si’s photovoltage, a comparable Jsc
to bare Si, and achieves a turnover frequency of 1.04 H2 site-1s−1 at −100 mV applied electrical potential. When used in 0.5 M H2SO4 it requires only −150 mV overpotential beyond Pt/TiN/n+p-Si benchmark to reach an HER photocurrent density of −10 mA/cm2. This photocathode maintains a stable H2 photocurrent (±10%) for at least 125 hours, the duration of test. Transmission electron microscopy, voltammetry, ion scattering, AFM and XPS give information on the physical properties responsible for the observed activity and stable performance of these interfaces.
Thermal-Mechanical-Electrochemical Coupling Simulation for Electric Vehicle Batteries
Authors: Li Xiaobai , Chumakov Sergei , Christensen Jake , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Linder Christian
Published: January 2022

The major trend toward vehicle electrification intensifies the need for increased battery energy densities. During the development of new electric vehicle battery technologies, it has become clear that thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical coupling effects play an important role in battery performance, degradation, and response to abusive conditions. The macro-homogeneous Dualfoil model, which solves ion transport and charge transfer dynamics, predicts the electrical response of a single small battery cell. However, when considering large cells or assembled battery modules and packs, inhomogeneity of electric potential and temperature throughout the cell volume becomes severe enough to impact battery performance. Cell expansion and contraction during charge/discharge cycles further increase such inhomogeneity, and the resulting potential and temperature imbalances cause non-uniform current distribution in the cell. Heavily cycled cell regions generate additional heat and stress, causing severe degradation in the performance and life of the battery. Given the strong coupling between thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical phenomena, it is imperative to integrate multiple physical models in the simulation of complete battery packs.

In this work, a modified Dualfoil electrochemical model is coupled to a thermo-mechanical finite element solver to represent such multiphysics coupling effects. Outputs from the 3D thermo-mechanical solver, such as temperature and stress, are supplied as inputs to the Dualfoil model, which in return computes the electrochemical response and provides the local heat generation rate and Li intercalation induced volume change to the thermo-mechanical solver. Using this coupled multiphysics simulation framework, the impact of external mechanical loading under different charge/discharge profiles was investigated. The transient, non-linear behavior of internal variables, such as SOC, overpotential, and current density, during and after cycles, was obtained in the entire 3D battery pack domain. This information provides good insights for design and optimization of battery packs with high performance and long life time.
ROS Promote Hypoxia-Induced Keratinocyte Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Inducing SOX2 Expression and Subsequent Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin
Authors: Shi Yan , Wang Shang , Yang Ronghua , Wang Zhenmin , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Hongwei , Huang Yuesheng
Published: January 2022

We previously showed that wound-induced hypoxia is related to keratinocyte migration. The ability of keratinocytes within wound healing to undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes significantly to the acquisition of migratory properties. However, the effect of hypoxia on keratinocyte EMT on wound healing and the potential mechanism are poorly documented. This study first demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to be an essential signalling mediator in keratinocytes with increased EMT and migration subjected to hypoxic conditions. Next, we showed that the expression of sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), a stemness-associated molecule, is ROS-dependent under hypoxia and that SOX2 inhibition in keratinocytes dramatically prevented hypoxia-induced EMT and migration. In addition, β-catenin was found to be a potential molecular target of SOX2, and the activation of Wnt/β-catenin was required for hypoxia-induced EMT and migration. Using an in vitro skin culture model and an in vivo skin wound model, our study further reinforced the critical role of ROS in inducing EMT through SOX2 expression and subsequent activation of Wnt/β-catenin, allowing for rapid reepithelialization of the wound area. Taken together, our findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism by which hypoxia promotes wound healing by promoting reepithelialization through the production of ROS, inducing keratinocyte EMT and migration via the enhancement of SOX2 and activation of Wnt/β-catenin.
Covert Communication for Wireless Networks with Full‐Duplex Multiantenna Relay
Authors: Yang Ling , Yang Weiwei , Tang Liang , Tao Liwei , Lu Xingbo , He Zhengyun
Published: January 2022

In this work, we investigated a covert communication method in wireless networks, which is realized by multiantenna full‐duplex single relay. In the first stage, the source node sends covert messages to the relay, and the relay uses a single antenna to send interference signals to the adversary node to protect the covert information being transmitted. In the second stage, the relay decodes and forwards the covert information received in the first stage; at the same time, the relay uses zero‐forcing beamforming to send interference signals to the warden to ensure covert transmission. The detection error rate, transmission outage probability, maximum effective covert rate, and other performance indicators are derived in two stages, and the total performance of the system is derived and analyzed. Then, the performance indicators are verified and analyzed by simulation. Our analysis shows that the maximum effective covert rate of using the characteristics of multiantenna to interfere with Willie in the second stage is taken as the total covert performance of the system, and the transmission interruption probability is significantly less than that of the first stage, so the corresponding maximum effective concealment efficiency will be greater.
Comparing Outcomes of Two Antiviral Therapy Combinations among COVID‐19 Patients
Authors: Mazaherpour Hossein , Sofian Masoomeh , Farahani Elham , Abdi Alireza , Mazaherpour Sakine , Bavand Anahita , Ramezani Amitis
Published: January 2022

Several therapeutic regimens for COVID‐19 have been studied, such as combination antiviral therapies. We aimed to compare outcome of two types of combination therapies atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) plus hydroxychloroquine among COVID‐19 patients. 108 patients with moderate and severe forms of COVID‐19 were divided into two groups (each group 54 patients). One group received ATV/r plus hydroxychloroquine, and the other group received hydroxychloroquine plus LPV/r. Then, both groups were evaluated and compared for clinical symptoms, recovery rates, and complications of treatment regimens. Our findings showed a significant increase in bilirubin in ATV/r‐receiving group compared to LPV/r receivers. There was also a significant increase in arrhythmias in the LPV/r group compared to the ATV/r group during treatment. Other findings including length of hospital stay, outcome, and treatment complications were not statistically significant. There is no significant difference between protease inhibitor drugs including ATV/r and LPV/r in the treatment of COVID‐19 regarding clinical outcomes. However, some side effects such as hyperbilirubinemia and arrhythmia were significantly different by application of atazanavir or lopinavir.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Statins in the Treatment of Coronary Artery Plaque Using Dual-Source Spiral Computed Tomography Image Features under Deep Learning
Authors: Yu Weizhong , Ji Haixia , Tan Qingjun
Published: January 2022

This study aimed at discussing deep learning-based dual-source spiral computed tomography (DSCT) image in the evaluation of the efficacy of statins in the treatment of coronary artery plaque. A convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm was proposed in this study. On this basis, the model was improved, the Res-Net network was applied to reconstruct the computed tomography (CT) image, and the deep learning network model Mask R-CNN was constructed to enhance the ability of image reconstruction. Then, 80 patients with coronary artery disease who were treated in hospital were selected as the research objects and divided into a control group (n = 40) and an observation group (n = 40). There were 21 male patients and 19 female patients in the control group, with an average age of 52 ± 3.2 years; there were 24 male patients and 16 female patients in the observation group, with an average age of 51 ± 2.4 years. The observation group was reconstructed with the constructed model, and patients in the control group received traditional CT. The interval between two examinations was 6–12 months, with an average interval of 8 ± 1.78 months. During the interval, all patients received conservative treatment mainly with atorvastatin. The general data of the two groups were comparable without statistical significance (

P
>
0.05

). A network model was constructed to measure the coronary plaque and vascular volume of the patients, and the images were reconstructed on the Res-Net network. The loss value of Res-Net network was stable at the lowest level around 0.02, showing a very fast effect in the training process. After statin treatment, the vascular volume and coronary plaque volume of the patients were decreased obviously (

P
<
0.05

). The average time spent in the network model was 1.20 seconds. The average time spent in the measurement of each disc by doctors A, B, and C was 186 seconds, 158 seconds, and 142 seconds, respectively. The construction of network model markedly improved the speed of CT image diagnosis and treatment. In conclusion, the Res-Net network model proposed in this study had certain feasibility and effectiveness for dual-source CT (DSCT) image segmentation and could effectively improve the clinical information evaluation of CT images from patients with coronary artery disease, which had important reference value for the development of intelligent medical equipment. It could provide a new diagnostic method for clinical prediction and diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Immune Cell Infiltration Using Gene Signature Associated with Inflammatory Response
Authors: Da Bin-Bin , Luo Shuai , Huang Ming , Song Fei , Ding Rong , Xiao Yao , Fu Yang , Yang Yin-Shan , Wang Hai-Lei
Published: January 2022

It has been demonstrated that the inflammatory response influences cancer development and can be used as a prognostic biomarker in various tumors. However, the relevance of genes associated with inflammatory responses in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analyzed using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential analysis to discover essential inflammatory response-related genes (IFRGs). Cox regression studies, both univariate and multivariate, were employed to develop a prognostic IFRGs signature. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to deduce the biological function of the IFRGs signature. Finally, we estimated immune cell infiltration using a single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and x-cell. Our results revealed that, among the major HCC IFRGs, two (DNASE1L3 and KLKB1) were employed to create a predictive IFRG signature. The IFRG signature could correctly predict overall survival (O.S) as per Kaplan-Meier time-dependent roc curves analysis. It was also linked to pathological tumor stage and T stage and might be used as a prognostic predictor in HCC. GSEA analysis concluded that the IFRG signature might influence the immune response in HCC. Immunological cell infiltration and immune checkpoint molecule expression differed in the high-risk and low-risk groups. As a result of our findings, DNASILE may play a role in the tumor microenvironment. However, more research is necessary to confirm the role of DNASE1L3 and KLKB1.
Research on the Individual Income Tax‐Deferred Commercial Endowment Insurance from the Perspective of Fairness
Authors: Song Tingshan , Zhu Huilin , Xiao Jinrui , Qiao Zhi , Yu Wenguang , Yu Xinliang
Published: January 2022

In order to alleviate the pressure of the basic endowment insurance system, China has implemented the policy of individual income tax‐deferred commercial endowment insurance (IITDCEI) and actively explored the development path of individual supplementary endowment insurance. At present, the same tax rules are adopted for different income groups. Considering that people's income gap is large, different income groups enjoy different degrees of tax preference under this policy, which may cause social injustice and increase the gap between the rich and the poor. Based on this, we propose a new optimization scheme by adjusting the tax rate and the maximum premium limit of the insurance amount so as to coordinate the interests of low‐, medium‐, and high‐income subjects and balance the degree of tax preference among the three subjects. At the same time, we also change the two parameters of the predetermined interest rate and retirement age, and compare the changes of the tax preference under the old and new schemes, and provide corresponding countermeasures for the implementation of the IITDCEI policy.
MicroRNA-489 Promotes the Apoptosis of Cardiac Muscle Cells in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Based on Smart Healthcare
Authors: Li Wenhua , Zhang Yixin , Wang Jian , Li Qiang , Zhao Di , Tang Bozan , Wang Shiwei , Shao Haifeng
Published: January 2022

With the development of information technology, the concept of smart healthcare has gradually come to the fore. Smart healthcare uses a new generation of information technologies, such as the Internet of Things (loT), big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, to transform the traditional medical system in an all-around way, making healthcare more efficient, more convenient, and more personalized. miRNAs can regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of human cells. Relevant studies have also shown that miRNAs may play a key role in the occurrence and development of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). This study aims to explore the effects of miR-489 in MIRI. In this study, miR-489 expression in a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion animal model and H9C2 cells induced by H/R was detected by qRT-PCR. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the activity of creatine kinase (CK) was detected after miR-489 knockdown in H9C2 cells induced by H/R. The apoptosis of H9C2 cells and animal models were determined by ELISA. The relationship between miR-489 and SPIN1 was verified by a double fluorescence reporter enzyme assay. The expression of the PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins was detected by Western blot. Experimental results showed that miR-489 was highly expressed in cardiac muscle cells of the animal model and in H9C2 cells induced by H/R of the myocardial infarction group, which was positively associated with the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells with ischemia-reperfusion. miR-489 knockdown can reduce the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells caused by ischemia-reperfusion. In downstream targeting studies, it was found that miR-489 promotes the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells after ischemia-reperfusion by targeting the inhibition of the SPIN1-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, high expression of miR-489 is associated with increased apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells after ischemia-reperfusion, which can promote the apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion by targeting the inhibition of the SPIN1-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, miR-489 can be one of the potential therapeutic targets for reducing the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells after ischemia-reperfusion.
Research on Classification of Primary Liver Cancer Syndrome Based on Data Mining Technology
Authors: Fang Jiwei , Li Jianfeng
Published: January 2022

This study is based on the analysis of the status quo of the research on liver cancer syndromes, starting with the clinical objective and true four-diagnosis information of TCM inpatients with primary liver cancer, using computer data mining technology to analyze and summarize the syndrome rules from the bottom to the top. Let the data itself show the essence of liver cancer syndrome. First, with the help of hierarchical cluster analysis, we can understand the general characteristics through the rough preliminary classification of the four-diagnosis information of liver cancer patients. Then, with the help of the emerging and mature hidden structure model analysis in recent years, through data modeling, the classification of common syndromes of liver cancer and the corresponding relationship with the four-diagnosis information are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, considering the inherent shortcomings of implicit structure and hierarchical clustering based on the assumption that there is a unique one-to-one correspondence between the four diagnostic information factors and the class (or hidden class) when classifying, we plan to use factor analysis and joint cluster analysis, as supplementary means to further explore the classification of liver cancer syndromes and the corresponding relationship with the four-diagnosis information.
Loss of Appetite in Adult Patients: Effectiveness and Safety of an Appetite Stimulating Medication in an Open-Label, Investigator-Initiated Study in India
Authors: Nagaraj S.
Published: January 2022

Loss of appetite (LOA) may have a negative impact on a patient’s well-being owing to loss of nutrition and associated conditions. The current study assessed the effects of an appetite-stimulating medication containing multivitamins, lysine, and zinc in Indian patients with a history of LOA. Using an investigator-initiated, single-center, open-label, single-arm design, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of the appetite-stimulating medication (15 mL) in 50 male or female patients (18–55 years old) attending the outpatient department, with a confirmed diagnosis of LOA after two weeks of therapy and assessed the change in Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ) score and safety of the medication after two weeks of treatment. CNAQ scores were presented as mean (standard deviation (SD)). The mean age of patients was 42.1 years, with the majority (66%) being males. At weeks 1 and 2, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the mean CNAQ scores of 25.48 (5.10) and 25.48 (4.29), respectively, vs. baseline (22.08 (2.76);

P

 ≤ 0.0001 both). Majority of the patients had CNAQ appetite scores of 17–28 at baseline (94%), week 1 (66%), and week 2 (78%) of treatment. For patients with acute and chronic illness, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the mean CNAQ score at week 1 (26.75 (3.69),

P

 = 0.0256; 25.24 (5.33),

P

 = 0.0004) and at week 2 (26.63 (3.46),

P

 = 0.0027; 25.26 (4.43),

P

 ≤ 0.0001) from baseline (21.88 (3.31) and 22.12 (2.69), respectively). No serious adverse events were reported during the study. The study findings suggest that appetite-stimulating medication containing multivitamins, lysine, and zinc could be a suitable treatment option for the management of LOA with no significant safety concerns.
Optimal Allocation of Human Resource Structure Based on Capability Maturity Model Integration
Authors: Hao Li
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the economic benefits of enterprises and provide a scientific human resource management method for enterprises, an optimal allocation method of human resource structure based on the integration of capability maturity model is proposed. According to the capability maturity model and its maturity level, the capability maturity integration model is established, and the optimal allocation algorithm of human resources is designed according to the model principle. By constructing the personnel quality evaluation matrix and personnel allocation matrix, the human resource allocation model is established, and the cooperative game method is used to dynamically optimize the human resource allocation model. The experimental results show that this method effectively improves the economic benefits of enterprises, improves the efficiency of human resource allocation, and completes the preset goal.
[Retracted] Design of Enterprise Economic Information Management System Based on Big Data Integration Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xiao
Published: January 2022

In economic growth, the gradual increase in the effect of information technology makes the enterprise economic information management increasingly important for the survival and development of the enterprises. This paper designs an enterprise economic information management system for the complex internal economic information management business and process of enterprises. It provides daily office, information access, document preview, and transmission. The proposed design (i) copes with the inconsistency and irregularity of enterprise economic information data, (ii) quickly obtains valuable information from these massive high‐frequency data, and (iii) improves the economic benefits of data assets and data management efficiency. The printing function systematizes the information management for departments such as enterprise economic information, personnel, and production. The main focus of this research includes the mode, framework, and function of the whole system software. Moreover, it also comprises of the use of Internet platform big data technology to realize the practicality, stability, and security of the system database algorithm, which has been practically used by enterprises to improve office efficiency and meet the needs of daily management of enterprises. Based on the analysis of the current status of enterprise big data application, this paper constructs an enterprise economic informational management system based on big data and also describes in detail the key technologies of enterprise economic informational data management from three aspects: NoSQL‐based big data storage management, Hadoop‐based economic informational big data informational and economic informational big data analysis, and mining algorithm. Provide theoretical basis and basic technical support for online decision analysis.
Discovery of Therapeutic Candidates for Diabetic Retinopathy Based on Molecular Switch Analysis: Application of a Systematic Process
Authors: Ren Yue , Liu Yanan , Liu Kaiyang , Huo Xiaoqian , Liu Chaoqun , Zhang Yanling
Published: January 2022

The pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is complicated, and there is no effective drug. Oxidative stress-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) injury is one of the pathogenic factors for DR. Molecular switches are considered high-risk targets in disease progression. Identification of molecular switch is crucial to interpret the pathogenesis of disease and screen effective ingredients. In this study, a systematic process was executed to discover therapeutic candidates for DR based on HRMECs injury. First of all, the molecular mechanism of HRMECs oxidative stress injury was revealed by transcriptomics and network pharmacology. We found that oxidative stress was one of the pivotal pathogenic factors, which interfered with vascular system development, inflammation, cell adhesion, and cytoskeleton damaged HRMECs through crosstalk. Then, network topology analysis was used to recognize molecular switches. The results indicated that the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway was the molecular switch in HRMECs oxidative stress injury. On this basis, the HEK293-ARE overexpression cell line was applied to obtain 18 active traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ingredients. Furthermore, andrographolide, one of the 18 candidates, was applied in the HRMECs oxidative stress model to evaluate the accuracy of the systematic process. The efficacy evaluation results showed that andrographolide could regulate oxidative stress, vascular system development, inflammation, adhesion, and skeleton tissue to inhibit HRMECs injury cooperatively. And its mechanism was related to the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Overall, our data suggest that the Nrf2 signaling pathway is the molecular switch in the HRMECs oxidative stress injury. 18 potential Nrf2 agonists are likely to be promising DR candidates.
A Fine-Tuned BERT-Based Transfer Learning Approach for Text Classification
Authors: Qasim Rukhma , Bangyal Waqas Haider , Alqarni Mohammed A. , Ali Almazroi Abdulwahab
Published: January 2022

Text Classification problem has been thoroughly studied in information retrieval problems and data mining tasks. It is beneficial in multiple tasks including medical diagnose health and care department, targeted marketing, entertainment industry, and group filtering processes. A recent innovation in both data mining and natural language processing gained the attention of researchers from all over the world to develop automated systems for text classification. NLP allows categorizing documents containing different texts. A huge amount of data is generated on social media sites through social media users. Three datasets have been used for experimental purposes including the COVID-19 fake news dataset, COVID-19 English tweet dataset, and extremist-non-extremist dataset which contain news blogs, posts, and tweets related to coronavirus and hate speech. Transfer learning approaches do not experiment on COVID-19 fake news and extremist-non-extremist datasets. Therefore, the proposed work applied transfer learning classification models on both these datasets to check the performance of transfer learning models. Models are trained and evaluated on the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Heat maps are also generated for every model. In the end, future directions are proposed.
PM10 Alters Trophoblast Cell Function and Modulates miR‐125b‐5p Expression
Authors: Chaiwangyen Wittaya , Pintha Komsak , Tantipaiboonwong Payungsak , Nuntaboon Piyawan , Khantamat Orawan , Pereira de Sousa Francisco Lázaro
Published: January 2022

Air pollution is one of the largest global environmental health hazards that threaten premature mortality or morbidity. Particulate matter 10 (PM10) has been demonstrated to contribute to several human diseases via dysregulated miRNA expression. Trophoblast cells play a key role in implantation and placentation for a successful pregnancy. Nonetheless, the PM10 associated trophoblast cell functions during pregnancy and miRNA expression are still unknown. Our study showed that PM10 affected HTR‐8/SVneo cell viability and also decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. A high concentration of PM10 caused an increase in HTR‐8/SVneo cell apoptosis. Treatment with PM10 induced inflammation through the upregulated IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α expression in trophoblast cells. In PM10‐treated HTR‐8/SVneo cells, miR‐125b‐5p expression was considerably increased and TXNRD1 was found to be negatively related to miR‐125b‐5p. Collectively, our findings revealed that PM10 could alter miR‐125b‐5p expression by targeting TXNRD1 and suppressing trophoblast cell functions. Additional investigations relating to the function of miR‐125b‐5p and its target on particulate pollution exposure in trophoblast are warranted for future biomarker or effective therapeutic approaches.