bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estado nutricional e a incidência de doenças crônicas em idosos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Geovana Bezerra da , Sousa Ilana  dos Santos , Landim Liejy Agnes dos Santos Raposo , Oliveira Luciane Marta Neiva de
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo objetivou identificar as evidências cientifícas sobre o estado nutricional e a incidência de doenças crônicas em idosos. Para a seleção da amostra definiu-se critérios de artigos indexados de 2012 a 2020 publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. A coleta de dados foi realizada na base de dados SCIELO, Pubmed e LILACS utilizando os seguintes descritores: idoso, estado nutricional e doença Crônica. A busca resultou em 42 artigos e após utilização dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, restaram 5 artigos para análise, interpretação e discussão. Observou-se uma elevada prevalência de sobrepeso entre os idosos, especialmente no sexo feminino. Constatou-se ainda que a hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi a doença mais prevalente. Possivelmente esses achados se devem a má qualidade dos hábitos alimentares sugerindo uma relação entre o estado nutricional e a incidência de doenças crônicas em idosos. Ressalta-se, portanto, a necessidade da implementação efetiva das políticas públicas que enfatizem a mudança de hábitos e estilos de vida da população idosa, incluindo a prática de atividade física associada à mudança de hábitos alimentares e acompanhamento nutricional a fim de se adequar as práticas dietéticas na prevenção e controle de doenças crônicas, melhorando a qualidade de vida desse segmento populacional.
Paulo Freire and the daily concrete of Popular Education in Brazil’s Northeast
Authors: Santana Leyla Menezes de , Lucini Marizete , Almeida Lívia Jéssica Messias de
Published: October 2020

This article introduces reflexive approximations of Paulo Freire’s ideas with the daily concrete of an educational practice of popular nature, represented through narrative profiles from northeastern women educators who lived pedagogies gestated in community frontiers. It comes from a research of qualitative nature which integrated a doctoral project entitled Trajectories of female popular educators in the state of Sergipe-Brazil. From the inter-encounter methodology, inspired by the hermeneutic phenomenology, as an approach method and the Oral History as a procedural method, recollections and experiences of female popular educators compromised with literacy practices in its own communities were analysed. The analytical path reupdated the concept of Popular Education, elevating it beyond the educational dimension and placing it as a piece of knowledge generated by a daily experience. The dialogic evidences have produced a close theoretical translation of the experimental field with the Freirean perspective on adult literacy, oriented as a basic human right and seen as a decisive tool for fighting poverty and the inadequate distribution of life essential resources.
A trajetória de uma vida marcada pelo preconceito e exclusão social em decorrência do estigma da Psoríase: Relato de caso
Authors: Guedes Daniele Ramos , Ferreira Solange da Cunha
Published: October 2020

Objetivo. Relatar a trajetória de uma vida marcada pelo preconceito e exclusão social em decorrência do estigma da Psoríase, com especial destaque o relato de caso e experiência de uma doença autoimune. Psoríase, uma doença que se manifesta por lesões na pele, em formato de placas avermelhadas e esbranquiçadas. A psoríase não tem cura, apesar da causa não ser conhecida, como em muitas doenças autoimunes, psoríase não é uma doença contagiosa, não se pega psoríase pelo contato. Também não causa nenhum tipo de dor ou incômodos mais sérios para o portador, pelo menos no que diz respeito à parte física (estou me referindo à psoríase vulgar, que é do tipo citado). As lesões costumam assustar muito as pessoas, que acabam evitando contato com o portador e criando um isolamento, que costuma piorar com o passar dos anos e a piora da doença.  Método. As informações foram obtidas por meio de um relato de caso, do tipo descritivo, de caráter subjetivo, obtido durante no período de 2015 a 2020. Discussão. O presente relato foi fundamentado em pesquisa de artigos científicos, que abordam assuntos pertinentes à psoríase (estigma, exclusão social, Interação Social). Considerações finais. As dificuldades em interagir socialmente não são exclusividade das pessoas com doença de pele, mas tais indivíduos mostram-se especialmente vulneráveis a elas, visto que a pele é o órgão do corpo mais exposto e extremamente importante para a construção da identidade pessoal e da subjetividade.
Características agronômicas e produtividade da soja em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária
Authors: Mattei Eloisa , Oliveira Paulo Sérgio Rabello de , Rampim Leandro , Rego Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes , Bartzen Bruna Thaina , Vengen Andressa Perini
Published: October 2020

No Brasil há poucos trabalhos acerca do cultivo da soja sucedendo pastagens anuais de inverno. Propôs-se neste trabalho avaliar a influência da densidade de semeadura da aveia preta e os manejos empregados sobre as características agronômicas e a produtividade da soja em sucessão. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de faixas, com tratamento adicional (testemunha) e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em duas densidades de semeadura da cultura da aveia (40 e 60 kg ha-1), nas faixas A e os manejos (sem pastejo, um pastejo, dois pastejos) nas faixas B, no período de inverno, além da testemunha. No verão, na safra de 2016/2017, realizou-se a semeadura da soja (Nidera 5909 RR). Foram avaliados população de plantas, altura de planta, diâmetro do colmo, número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por vagens, número de grãos por planta, massa de mil grãos e produtividade da soja. A utilização de 40 kg ha-1 de sementes de aveia preta para a região Oeste Paranaense é indicada, por não promover alterações na produtividade da soja em sucessão e gerar economia na aquisição de sementes. O cultivo de aveia no período de inverno em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária, independente da densidade de semeadura e manejo adotado, não interfere na produtividade da soja cultivada em sucessão, sendo uma excelente alternativa de diversificação da produção na propriedade rural.
Análise de confiabilidade em vigas de concreto protendido com cabos não aderentes em conformidade com a NBR 6118-2014: estudo paramétrico para razões de carga e resistência a compressão do concreto
Authors: Silva Nathalia Guaglini da , Souza Osvaldo Luiz de Carvalho , Campos Claudia Maria de Oliveira
Published: October 2020

Considerando os diversos métodos propostos com o objetivo de estimar a variação de tensão em cabos não aderentes de elementos estruturais em concreto protendido, não havendo, portanto, diretriz única para este fim, observa-se a necessidade de investigação mais abrangente sobre tema. Este trabalho aborda o método simplificado para estimativa da variação de tensão em cabos não aderentes proposto pela NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014). Com a metodologia proposta pela norma, são conduzidas análises de confiabilidade, empregando-se os métodos analíticos FORM e Monte Carlo, de viga solicitada pelo seu valor médio de resistência à flexão, constituído por parcelas de carga variável e permanente. Na análise são considerados diferentes valores da resistência a compressão do concreto e variação da parcela de carga variável constituinte da solicitação da viga analisada. É conduzido também um estudo de sensibilidade que destaca a maior relevância entre variáveis aleatórias consideradas. Os valores dos índices de confiabilidade realçam os valores conservadores da variação de tensão em cabos não aderentes obtidos a partir da NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014).
Mulher e esporte: incentivo, investimento e produção científica no IFRN
Authors: Silva Ivana Lúcia da , Nascimento Francinaide de Lima Silva
Published: October 2020

O artigo é o Estado do Conhecimento em deferência a “Mulher no esporte no Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN)”. Nesta intenção, visitamos os trabalhos publicados no Memoria do IFRN, no espaço da primeira página do site https://memoria.ifrn.edu.br, e, consequentemente, fomos aprofundando para: busca/editora IFRN/livros. Ao realizarmos o mapeamento, utilizamos os seguintes descritores: “esporte feminino”; “mulher e esporte”; “mulher no esporte” e “mulher and esporte”. Para os dois primeiros termos, a busca não encontrou nenhum resultado. Já nos dois últimos termos, encontramos três livros. Assim, baixamos os livros que nos deram resultados e realizamos um filtro pelos seguintes termos: “mulher e esporte” e “mulher no esporte”; bem como, apenas: “mulher” e “esporte”. Posteriormente, definimos como objetivo do estudo identificar publicações no Memoria do IFRN sobre a Mulher no esporte no IFRN. A partir das análises dos dados obtidos, de forma quantitativa e qualitativa, notamos não possuir nenhuma publicação que faça alusão ou debata sobre a mulher no esporte no IFRN. Em suma, pelo fato de ser uma esportista desde o período em que era aluna da Instituição, tem-se a ciência de que o esporte, para a Mulher no IFRN, acontece; não obstante a falta de tenha incentivo, investimento e produção científica que o promova.
Fonksiyonel Gıda İçin Sağlıklı Takviye: Mikroalgler
Authors: UZUNER Sibel , HAZNEDAR Asiye
Published: October 2020

Mikroalgler çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri (PUFA), karotenoidler, fikobiliproteinler, polisakkaritler ve fitotoksin gibi çeşitli yüksek değerli ürünleri içermesi sebebiyle çekici ve değerli bir kaynak olmaktadır. Mikroalgler gıdaların besin değerini arttırmak için fonksiyonel bileşenler olarak kullanılabilir. Böylece, refah ve yaşam kalitesini iyileştirerek insan sağlığını olumlu yönde etkileyebilirler. Bu potansiyelleri nedeniyle, mikroalgler yeni ve fonksiyonel gıda üretmek için alternatif kaynaklar haline gelmiştir. Bu derlemede, mevcut mikroalg tüketimine bağlı sağlık yararları, biyoaktif bileşikler ve fonksiyonel bileşenler açısından mikroalglerin potansiyeli ortaya konmuş ve biyoerişilebilirlik bakımından önemine yer verilmiştir.
Amica Censura: Pemikiran Nicholas Cusanus Tentang Agama-Agama, Sebuah Refleksi dan Aplikasi Terhadap Konflik Antaragama di Indonesia
Authors: Layantara Jessica Novia
Published: October 2020

Interreligious conflicts often occur in Indonesia, a country with various beliefs and religions. In this article, I approach these conflicts using the thoughts of Nicholas Cusanus, a medieval Catholic thinker who also faced interreligious conflict of his time, the Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Turks. I analyze Cusanus‘ thought about religions in his works, De Pace Fidei and Cribratio Alkorani, which prove that Cusanus position on other religions is in the midst of exclusivism and pluralism. Afterwards, I will suggest reflection and application based on: 1. Interpretation of the work of Cusanus De Pace Fidei and Cribratio Alkorani, 2. Contextualizing the interpretation with interreligious conflict in Indonesia, appreciatively and critically. There are three points of reflection and application in this article: 1. A non-violent approach to other religions, 2. Sensitivity to political interests in interreligious conflict, 3. Initiates friendly and open dialogue between religions, and 4. Increase active tolerance that breaks down the dividing walls.
Keywords: Nicholas Cusanus; pluralism; exclusivism; inclusivism; interreligious conflict.
Sikap Kritis terhadap Kekuasaan dalam Tradisi Calvinist: Sebuah Kajian Historis-Teologis Tentang Kekritisan Gereja terhadap Pemerintah untuk Mewujudkan Regnum Christi
Authors: Rahadian Suarbudaya , Fallderama Fially
Published: October 2020

Protestant political theology believes the government is God’s vice in this world therefore has a legitimation to manage all aspect of human life. This conviction affected Protestants to unquestioningly obeyed the goverment. On the other hand the doctrine of the fall in Reformed tradition, believes that all aspect of creation has fall short of glory, consequently, the government as a part of creation could also fell into corruption. For this reason, a long-standing of Calvinist tradition has a lot of theological resourcement to be critical-constructive to authority. This paper tries to dig John Calvin’s theological treatises from his early writing and seminal works through historical theology method, to find Calvin’s basic idea about the critical nature of church-goverment relationship. The excavation from Calvin’s early writing in this paper prospecfully would give critical and analytical tools to undertand ethical relation between church and government in Indonesia context. Keywords:political theology; calvinism; historical theology; critical attitude; government.
PMRI-Based Teaching Materials Using the Context of Karate Sports in Elementary School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Veronica Agnes , Zainil Melva , Helsa Yullys
Published: October 2020

The COVID-19 Pandemic has brought many obstacles for education in Indonesia. The learning process moves from school to learning at home. To increase students' interest in learning mathematics during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to design new innovations such as the use of the context of karate in mathematics learning. This study aims to develop learning materials using the context of karate based on Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education with the topic arithmetic operations. This research is a development research using Plomp model. Three stages are used in the development of the Plomp model: 1) Initial research stage; 2) Prototype stage; 3) Assessment stage. In the initial stages, researchers conducted the data collection and gathered information through observation. In the second stage, the researcher designed the product and evaluated their validity through the expert team. In third stage, the researchers made a revision based on evaluation from the expert team and redo the validation assessment until the expert team states the product is valid for use in learning. Lesson plan of modules, teaching materials, and learning videos are stated valid with an average value of three validators 73.
INFORMATION SECURITY AUDIT OF AN OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE ENGINEERING ENTERPRISE
Authors: Shakirov Muratzhan B. , Karmanov Igor N.
Published: October 2020

Automated systems play a key role in supporting business processes of commercial and state enterprises. The widespread use of automated information systems for storing, processing and transmitting information makes the issues of their protection relevant, especially given the global trend towards an increase in the number of information attacks, leading to significant financial and material losses. The article demonstrates the importance of conducting an audit in the field of information security of optoelectronic instrumentation. The article discusses the stages and rules of conducting an information security audit, as well as the criteria for evaluating its results. Information security audit is one of the most efficient tools for obtaining an independent and objective assessment of the current level of enterprise security from information security threats. In addition, the audit results provide the basis for forming a development strategy for the organization’s information security system.
THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL AND COST ANALYSIS TO CALCULATE THE NET COST OF A UNIT OF SERVICE IN THE CALIBRATION OF OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Shaparenko Alexander V. , Popp Ekaterina A.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the use of functional and cost analysis (FSA) for calculating the net cost of a unit of service when calibrating optical instruments at the enterprise «LLC CSM». Since traditional accounting systems hide the costs of calibration services for optoelectronic devices in the enterprise. After the application of the FSA at the enterprise, the net costs of calibration services become visible, which can be reduced in the future to increase the productivity and efficiency of «LLC CSM». Special attention is also paid to traditional accounting systems in order to demonstrate the benefits of the FSA. The breakdown into business processes gives a more detailed picture of the net costs of calibration services for optoelectronic devices, since after the introduction, and then the use of FSA at the enterprise, it was possible to identify which services for testing instruments are overstated and which are underestimated.
TO THE ISSUE OF ESTABLISHING SANITARY-PROTECTIVE ZONES AND REGISTRATION THEIR BOUNDARIES IN THE UNIFIED STATE REAL ESTATE REGISTER
Authors: Shelpakova Anastasiya A. , Chernov Aleksandr V. , Zhadan Maria S.
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the current regulatory and legal support in the field of accounting sanitary protection zones, the changes of 2020. Based on the analysis, a draft sanitary protection zone of the business entity was developed, an analysis of the impact on the environment and human health was carried out, the boundaries of the sanitary protection zone were substantiated and established, and the process of their entry into the unified state real estate register was described. Based on the developed project, measures to reduce the environmental impact are proposed, recommendations on conducting sanitary-hygienic control are given.
FEATURES OF INTELLIGENT INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS
Authors: Tabakaeva Valeria A. , Karmanov Igor N. , An Vladimir R.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the problem of using intelligent systems in managing information security of critical information infrastructure objects. Currently, the development of information technologies reached the point of transition to widespread use of various intelligent systems. At the same time, their application is also noted in the sphere of ensuring the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation. Cybersecurity parameter management systems have a special place as fundamental elements for ensuring security during operation, as well as responding to external and internal incidents with the required efficiency and speed. In the course of the research, we select ways to solve such problems as choosing a threat model and protection system architecture for an object of critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation.
Estimating the Price and Income Elasticities of Crude Oil Import Demand for Turkey
Authors: KAVAZ İsmail
Published: October 2020

In this study, the price and income elasticities of Turkey’s imported crude oil demand are analysed. For this purpose, annual time series data covering the period 1970-2018 are preferred for imported crude oil, real price for crude oil and real GDP. As known, Turkey is an energy dependent country especially in fossil fuels. Therefore, estimating Turkey’s crude oil demand equations is very significant to analyse the consumption trend and the future expectations in terms of this energy resource. This study employs Harvey’s Structural Time Series Modelling Method (STSM) with the underlying energy demand trend (UEDT) concept for determining the relations among income, price and crude oil import demand. The empirical results show that the income and price elasticities of crude oil demand in Turkey are 0.66 and -0.11, respectively. The estimated elasticities suggest that income and price elasticities for the imported crude oil demand are inelastic.
Continuity and change
Authors: Ahlgren Katrin , Rydell Maria
Published: October 2020

This article aims to explore continuity and change in adult migrants’ experiences of Swedish for immigrants (SFI), a state-subsidised language programme for basic Swedish. The study has a longitudinal and comparative design, drawing on discourse analysis of qualitative interviews conducted with language learners in 2001/2002 and 2015/2016. This period was characterized by important societal shifts, defined by increased migration, growing tension between discourses on rights and obligations of adult migrants living in Sweden, and an intensified marketisation of the Swedish education system derived from neoliberal principles. The study describes how these changes affected SFI as well as the conceivable impact that restructuring the language programme had on the learners. Ultimately, the study highlights tensions between various state initiatives that impacted the language programme and the SFI participants’ experiences of being adult language learners.
Mobilising experiences of migration
Authors: Nyström Sofia , Dahlstedt Magnus , Fejes Andreas , Mešić Nedžad
Published: October 2020

Adult education and its teachers have an important role when it comes to providing knowledge that prepares asylum seekers for a potential life in a new country of residence. In this article we focus on the study circles organised by study associations and analyse the way study circle leaders (SCLs) mobilise their experience of migration in their work with asylum seekers. The article is based on interviews with SCLs and managers, who have been SCLs themselves, and by drawing on a social psychological approach, we analyse SCLs’ relational work with the participants. The analysis shows that SCLs’ migrant background is mobilised as a pedagogical resource and has a prominent influence on the relationship with the participants. However, the relationship is a balancing act, since there is a risk that the asymmetrical pedagogical relationship becomes more symmetrical and thus turns into friendship, guardianship and/or social work.
A Novel Control Allocation Method for Yaw Control of Tailless Aircraft
Authors: Shearwood Thomas R. , Nabawy Mostafa R. A. , Crowther William J. , Warsop Clyde
Published: October 2020

Tailless aircraft without vertical stabilisers typically use drag effectors in the form of spoilers or split flaps to generate control moments in yaw. This paper introduces a novel control allocation method by which full three-axis control authority can be achieved by the use of conventional lift effectors only, which reduces system complexity and control deflection required to achieve a given yawing moment. The proposed method is based on synthesis of control allocation modes that generate asymmetric profile and lift induced drag whilst maintaining the lift, pitching moment and rolling moment at the trim state. The method uses low order models for aerodynamic behaviour characterisation based on thin aerofoil theory, lifting surface methodology and ESDU datasheets and is applied to trapezoidal wings of varying sweep and taper. Control allocation modes are derived using the zero-sets of surrogate models for the characterised aerodynamic behaviours. Results are presented in the form of control allocations for a range of trimmed sideslip angles up to 10 degrees optimised for either maximum aerodynamic efficiency (minimum drag for a specific yawing moment) or minimum aggregate control deflection (as a surrogate observability metric). Outcomes for the two optimisation objectives are correlated in that minimum deflection solutions are always consistent with efficient ones. A configuration with conventional drag effector is used as a reference baseline. It is shown that, through appropriate allocation of lift based control effectors, a given yawing moment can be produced with up to a factor of eight less aggregate control deflection and up to 30% less overall drag compared to use of a conventional drag effector.
Impact of Drought Exerted during Spike Development on Tillering, Yield Parameters and Grain Chemical Composition in Semi-Dwarf Barley Mutants Deficient in the Brassinosteroid Metabolism
Authors: Gruszka Damian , Janeczko Anna , Puła Joanna , Lepiarczyk Andrzej , Pociecha Ewa
Published: October 2020

Drought is a major factor limiting plant development and negatively affecting crop yield. It was reported that mutants defective in the brassinosteroid (BR) metabolism from several species, including barley (Hordeum vulgare), show improved tolerance to drought during the vegetative phase of growth. Hence, semi-dwarf barley mutants defective in the BR metabolism may be regarded as an alternative in breeding programs. Occurrence of drought during spike development has a profound effect on yield. Thus, determining reaction of the semi-dwarf, BR-deficient barley mutants to drought during the reproductive phase is crucial. This study was conducted on barley Near-Isogenic Lines defective in the BR metabolism and the reference ‘Bowman’ cultivar. The experiments were performed under laboratory (optimal watering and drought) and field conditions. The following yield-related parameters were analyzed: total tillering, productive tillering, average grain weight per plant and per spike, as well as weight of 1000 seeds. Additionally, an analysis of chemical composition of grain was performed. The BR-insensitive BW312 line showed the highest values of the productive tillering and grain weight per plant under the drought conditions. Perturbations in the BR metabolism did not have any significant deteriorating effect on the contents of grain chemical ingredients.
Soil Properties after Eight Years of the Use of Strip-Till One-Pass Technology
Authors: Jaskulska Iwona , Romaneckas Kestutis , Jaskulski Dariusz , Gałęzewski Lech , Breza-Boruta Barbara , Dębska Bożena , Lemanowicz Joanna
Published: October 2020

Tillage is an agrotechnical practice that strongly affects the soil environment. Its effect on soil properties depends on the system and, more specifically, on the degree of soil inversion and loosening. Strip-till is a non-inversive method that loosens only narrow soil strips. In strip-till one-pass (ST-OP) technology, tillage is combined with a simultaneous application of fertilizers and seed sowing. In a static multi-year field experiment, the soil properties after application of ST-OP for 8 years were compared to those of soil under conventional tillage with the use of a moldboard plough to a depth of 20 cm (CT), and equally deep loosened and mixed reduced tillage (RT). A field experiment of these three treatments was performed since 2012 in sandy loam soil, Luvisol. A total of 44 features were examined that described the physical, chemical, biological, and biochemical soil properties in the 0–20 cm layer, and penetration resistance (PR), bulk density (BD), and soil moisture (SM) in the 25–30 cm layer. The influence of the ST-OP technology on the yield of crops was also determined. Multivariate analysis shows that the ST-OP method, in terms of affecting the soil properties, differs considerably from RT and CT treatments. The soil after the ST-OP method contained two- to four-fold more earthworms (En), with a mass (Em) 2- to 5-fold higher, than those in the soil following RT and CT, respectively. In the ST-OP soil the content of available phosphorus (Pa) and available potassium (Ka); the total count of bacteria (Bt), cellulolytic microorganisms (Bc), and fungi (Ff); and the activity of phosphatases (AlP, AcP) were significantly higher. Compared with CT, the content of total organic carbon (Ct) and its content in the fractions of organic matter were also higher, with the exception of humins (CH). The yields of winter rapeseed and winter wheat using the ST-OP technology were marginally higher compared with those using the CT and RT technology.
Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Elective Minor Surgical Procedures among Adults in Southern Italy
Authors: Della Polla Giorgia , Bianco Aida , Mazzea Silvia , Napolitano Francesco , Angelillo Italo Francesco
Published: October 2020

Little is known regarding the factors associated with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) compliance in elective minor surgery. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to identify the frequency of inappropriate SAP administration and to understand the characteristics associated with such inappropriateness in a sample of elective minor surgical procedures. The study was performed between May and July 2019 among a random sample of patients aged 18 years and older in seven public hospitals randomly selected in the Campania and Calabria Regions of Italy. Globally, only 45% of SAP approaches were deemed completely in accordance with the evidence-based guidelines. Patients with an ordinary admission, those who underwent local anesthesia, those receiving plastic and reconstructive and ophthalmology surgery, and those who had not received a prosthetic implant were more likely to receive an appropriate SAP approach; those receiving obstetrics, gynecological, and urological surgical procedures were less likely than those who underwent abdominal, vascular, and breast surgery. The course of antibiotic prophylaxis was not consistent with the guidelines in 48.5% procedures with one or more reasons for inappropriateness. Appropriate time of the SAP administration was more frequently observed in patients who were older, those with a Charlson comorbidity index of 0, those who did not receive a prosthetic implant, and those receiving plastic and reconstructive surgery; it was less likely in patients receiving obstetrics, gynecological, and urological surgeries compared with those who underwent abdominal, vascular, and breast surgery. Aspects of SAP that need to be improved are molecule choice, time of administration, and specific surgical procedures. Hospital managers should involve surgeons and anesthesiologists in initiatives tailored to optimize SAP prescribing.
A Miniaturized and Fast System for Thin Film Thickness Measurement
Authors: Hao Ran , Zhu Linlin , Li Zexiao , Fang Fengzhou , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: October 2020

Transparent films are significant industrial components that are widely used in modern optics, microelectronics, optical engineering, and other related fields. There is an urgent need for the fast and stable thickness measurement of industrial films at the micron-grade. This paper built a miniaturized and low-cost film thickness measurement system based on confocal spectral imaging and the principle of thin-film spectral interference. The reflection interference spectrum was analyzed to extract the phase term introduced by the film thickness from the full spectrum information, where local spectral noise can be better corrected. An efficient and robust film thickness calculation algorithm was realized without any calibrating sample. The micron-grade thickness measurement system had an industrial property with a measurement range of up to 75 μm with a measurement uncertainty of 0.1 μm, presenting a good performance in single-layer film thickness measurement with high efficiency.
Asymmetries in the Technique and Ground Reaction Forces of Elite Alpine Skiers Influence Their Slalom Performance
Authors: Supej Matej , Ogrin Jan , Šarabon Nejc , Holmberg Hans-Christer
Published: October 2020

Background: Although many of the movements of skiers are asymmetric, little is presently known about how such asymmetry influences performance. Here, our aim was to examine whether asymmetries in technique and the ground reaction forces associated with left and right turns influence the asymmetries in the performance of elite slalom skiers. Methods: As nine elite skiers completed a 20-gate slalom course, their three-dimensional full-body kinematics and ground reaction forces (GRF) were monitored with a global navigation satellite and inertial motion capture systems, in combination with pressure insoles. For multivariable regression models, 26 predictor skiing techniques and GRF variables and 8 predicted skiing performance variables were assessed, all of them determining asymmetries in terms of symmetry and Jaccard indices. Results: Asymmetries in instantaneous and sectional performance were found to have the largest predictor coefficients associated with asymmetries in shank angle and hip flexion of the outside leg. Asymmetry for turn radius had the largest predictor coefficients associated with asymmetries in shank angle and GRF on the entire outside foot. Conclusions: Although slalom skiers were found to move their bodies in a quite symmetrical fashion, asymmetry in their skiing technique and GRF influenced variables related to asymmetries in performance.
A Qualitative Tool Condition Monitoring Framework Using Convolution Neural Network and Transfer Learning
Authors: Mamledesai Harshavardhan , Soriano Mario A. , Ahmad Rafiq
Published: October 2020

Tool condition monitoring is one of the classical problems of manufacturing that is yet to see a solution that can be implementable in machine shops around the world. In tool condition monitoring, we are mostly trying to define a tool change policy. This tool change policy would identify a tool that produces a non-conforming part. When the non-conforming part producing tool is identified, it could be changed, and a proactive approach to machining quality that saves resources invested in non-conforming parts would be possible. The existing studies highlight three barriers that need to be addressed before a tool condition monitoring solution can be implemented to carry out tool change decision-making autonomously and independently in machine shops around the world. First, these systems are not flexible enough to include different quality requirements of the machine shops. The existing studies only consider one quality aspect (for example, surface finish), which is difficult to generalize across the different quality requirements like concentricity or burrs on edges commonly seen in machine shops. Second, the studies try to quantify the tool condition, while the question that matters is whether the tool produces a conforming or a non-conforming part. Third, the qualitative answer to whether the tool produces a conforming or a non-conforming part requires a large amount of data to train the predictive models. The proposed model addresses these three barriers using the concepts of computer vision, a convolution neural network (CNN), and transfer learning (TL) to teach the machines how a conforming component-producing tool looks and how a non-conforming component-producing tool looks.
Some Key Aspects in the Mechanics of Stress Transfer Between SRG and Masonry
Authors: Baietti Giulia , D’Antino Tommaso , Carloni Christian
Published: October 2020

The use of composite materials to strengthen masonry structures has become common practice within the civil engineering community. Steel-reinforced grout (SRG), which comprises high-strength steel fibers embedded in a mortar matrix, is part of the family of the fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites that represent a suitable alternative to fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for strengthening existing structures. Although studies on FRCMs have already reached a certain level of maturity, some key issues remain open, such as the role of matrix type and layout, substrate properties, and test rate. This paper focuses on some of these issues. The results of single-lap direct shear tests on masonry blocks strengthened with SRGs are presented to analyze the bond behavior between the composite material and the substrate. Four aspects are considered: (1) the change in the width of the SRG mortar matrix while keeping the width of the fiber sheet fixed; (2) the type of mortar used for the SRG; (3) the influence of the test rate, and (4) the type of substrate (i.e., concrete vs. masonry). The results obtained indicate the active role of the matrix layout and the importance of the test rate, encouraging further investigations to clarify these aspects.
Photocatalytic Recycled Mortars: Circular Economy as a Solution for Decontamination
Authors: Barbudo Auxi , Lozano-Lunar Angélica , López-Uceda Antonio , Galvín Adela P. , Ayuso Jesús
Published: October 2020

The circular economy is an economic model of production and consumption that involves reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling materials after their service life. The use of waste as secondary raw materials is one of the actions to establish this model. Construction and demolition waste (CDW) constitute one of the most important waste streams in Europe due to its high production rate per capita. Aggregates from these recycling operations are usually used in products with low mechanical requirements in the construction sector. In addition, the incorporation of photocatalytic materials in construction has emerged as a promising technology to develop products with special properties such as air decontamination. This research aims to study the decontaminating behavior of mortars manufactured with the maximum amount of mixed recycled sand without affecting their mechanical properties or durability. For this, two families of mortars were produced, one consisting of traditional Portland cement and the other of photocatalytic cement, each with four replacement rates of natural sand by mixed recycled sand from CDW. Mechanical and durability properties, as well as decontaminating capacity, were evaluated for these mortars. The results show adequate mechanical behavior, despite the incorporation of mixed recycled sand, and improved decontaminating capacity by means of NOx reduction capacity.
On the Bernstein Affine Fractal Interpolation Curved Lines and Surfaces
Authors: Vijender Nallapu , Drakopoulos Vasileios
Published: October 2020

In this article, firstly, an overview of affine fractal interpolation functions using a suitable iterated function system is presented and, secondly, the construction of Bernstein affine fractal interpolation functions in two and three dimensions is introduced. Moreover, the convergence of the proposed Bernstein affine fractal interpolation functions towards the data generating function does not require any condition on the scaling factors. Consequently, the proposed Bernstein affine fractal interpolation functions possess irregularity at any stage of convergence towards the data generating function.
Local Spectral Theory for R and S Satisfying RnSRn = Rj
Authors: Triolo Salvatore
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we analyze local spectral properties of operators R,S and RS which satisfy the operator equations RnSRn=Rj and SnRSn=Sj for same integers j≥n≥0. We also continue to study the relationship between the local spectral properties of an operator R and the local spectral properties of S. Thus, we investigate the transmission of some local spectral properties from R to S and we illustrate our results with an example. The theory is exemplified in some cases.
Robust Cell-Free Expression of Sub-Pathological and Pathological Huntingtin Exon-1 for NMR Studies. General Approaches for the Isotopic Labeling of Low-Complexity Proteins
Authors: Morató Anna , Elena-Real Carlos A. , Popovic Matija , Fournet Aurélie , Zhang Karen , Allemand Frédéric , Sibille Nathalie , Urbanek Annika , Bernadó Pau
Published: October 2020

The high-resolution structural study of huntingtin exon-1 (HttEx1) has long been hampered by its intrinsic properties. In addition to being prone to aggregate, HttEx1 contains low-complexity regions (LCRs) and is intrinsically disordered, ruling out several standard structural biology approaches. Here, we use a cell-free (CF) protein expression system to robustly and rapidly synthesize (sub-) pathological HttEx1. The open nature of the CF reaction allows the application of different isotopic labeling schemes, making HttEx1 amenable for nuclear magnetic resonance studies. While uniform and selective labeling facilitate the sequential assignment of HttEx1, combining CF expression with nonsense suppression allows the site-specific incorporation of a single labeled residue, making possible the detailed investigation of the LCRs. To optimize CF suppression yields, we analyze the expression and suppression kinetics, revealing that high concentrations of loaded suppressor tRNA have a negative impact on the final reaction yield. The optimized CF protein expression and suppression system is very versatile and well suited to produce challenging proteins with LCRs in order to enable the characterization of their structure and dynamics.
Analysis of Amygdalin in Various Matrices Using Electrospray Ionization and Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Guć Maria , Rutecka Sandra , Schroeder Grzegorz
Published: October 2020

Amygdalin is a natural cyanogenic compound that plants produce in the fight against insects and herbivores. Excessive amounts of amygdalin by animals and humans can potentially lead to fatal intoxication. However, studies confirm that amygdalin has antitumor properties, including the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and to induce their apoptosis. The analysis of amygdalin in various matrices is an important analytical problem today. The publication presents the methodology of direct determination of amygdalin in water, sewage, and biological materials using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and a new analytical method using flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow mass spectrometry (FAPA-MS). The methods of analyte pre-concentration using a magnetic, molecularly imprinted polymer (mag-MIP) and the influence of interferents on the recorded spectra were discussed. Analytical parameters in ESI-MS and FAPA-MS methods were established. The linearity range was 4.5 µg L−1–45 mg L−1 in positive mode ESI-MS and FAPA-MS. The limit of detection (LOD) for ESI-MS was 0.101 ± 0.003 µg L−1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.303 ± 0.009 µg L−1. In FAPA-MS, the LOD was 0.050 ± 0.002 µg L−1 and the LOQ was 0.150 ± 0.006 µg L−1. The content of amygdalin in various matrices was determined.
Predicting Deep Learning Based Multi-Omics Parallel Integration Survival Subtypes in Lung Cancer Using Reverse Phase Protein Array Data
Authors: Takahashi Satoshi , Asada Ken , Takasawa Ken , Shimoyama Ryo , Sakai Akira , Bolatkan Amina , Shinkai Norio , Kobayashi Kazuma , Komatsu Masaaki , Kaneko Syuzo , Sese Jun , Hamamoto Ryuji
Published: October 2020

Mortality attributed to lung cancer accounts for a large fraction of cancer deaths worldwide. With increasing mortality figures, the accurate prediction of prognosis has become essential. In recent years, multi-omics analysis has emerged as a useful survival prediction tool. However, the methodology relevant to multi-omics analysis has not yet been fully established and further improvements are required for clinical applications. In this study, we developed a novel method to accurately predict the survival of patients with lung cancer using multi-omics data. With unsupervised learning techniques, survival-associated subtypes in non-small cell lung cancer were first detected using the multi-omics datasets from six categories in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The new subtypes, referred to as integration survival subtypes, clearly divided patients into longer and shorter-surviving groups (log-rank test: p = 0.003) and we confirmed that this is independent of histopathological classification (Chi-square test of independence: p = 0.94). Next, an attempt was made to detect the integration survival subtypes using only one categorical dataset. Our machine learning model that was only trained on the reverse phase protein array (RPPA) could accurately predict the integration survival subtypes (AUC = 0.99). The predicted subtypes could also distinguish between high and low risk patients (log-rank test: p = 0.012). Overall, this study explores novel potentials of multi-omics analysis to accurately predict the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
Pathways for Sensing and Responding to Hydrogen Peroxide at the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Authors: Roscoe Jennifer M. , Sevier Carolyn S.
Published: October 2020

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has emerged as a source of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and a hub for peroxide-based signaling events. Here we outline cellular sources of ER-localized peroxide, including sources within and near the ER. Focusing on three ER-localized proteins—the molecular chaperone BiP, the transmembrane stress-sensor IRE1, and the calcium pump SERCA2—we discuss how post-translational modification of protein cysteines by H2O2 can alter ER activities. We review how changed activities for these three proteins upon oxidation can modulate signaling events, and also how cysteine oxidation can serve to limit the cellular damage that is most often associated with elevated peroxide levels.
Neuro-Behavioral Phenotype in 16p11.2 Duplication: A Case Series
Authors: Posar Annio , Visconti Paola
Published: October 2020

Duplications of chromosome 16p11.2, even though rare in the general population, are one of the most frequent known genetic causes of autism spectrum disorder and of other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, data about the neuro-behavioral phenotype of these patients are few. We described a sample of children with duplication of chromosome 16p11.2 focusing on the neuro-behavioral phenotype. The five patients reported presented with very heterogeneous conditions as for characteristics and severity, ranging from a learning disorder in a child with normal intelligence quotient to an autism spectrum disorder associated with an intellectual disability. Our case report underlines the wide heterogeneity of the neuropsychiatric phenotypes associated with a duplication of chromosome 16p11.2. Similarly to other copy number variations that are considered pathogenic, the wide variability of phenotype of chromosome 16p11.2 duplication is probably related to additional risk factors, both genetic and not genetic, often difficult to identify and most likely different from case to case.
Implications of Development Cooperation and State Bureaucracy on Climate Change Adaptation Policy in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Saifur , Sarker Pradip Kumar , Hirono Ryokichi , Giessen Lukas
Published: October 2020

Policy action is visible in national and international climate governance. However, policy-making and its implementation often fail to generate the desired outcomes that aim to adapt to the adverse impact of climate change in a developing nation, such as Bangladesh—a country highly vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Against this backdrop, the study aims to analyze the implication of development cooperation and bureaucratic politics on the policy-making and implementation of climate change adaptation policy in Bangladesh. In doing so, the research uses national and international climate adaptation funds and the existing state administrative framework of the climate adaptation regime. Methodologically, it follows a mixed qualitative–quantitative research approach. The study discusses the following key findings: (1) the general cross-sectoral nature and thrusts of domestic and external climate adaptation funding; (2) how Bangladesh technical departments, such as that for water management, have reacted successfully to ensure the utilization of the funds is for implementing adaptation policy; (3) simultaneously, how Bangladesh bureaucracy, made of the elite, together with politics, have maintained their traditional values, practices, and structures in responding to the administrative requirements of climate adaptation funders, especially bilateral and multilateral development agencies, and (4) what changes should be brought to the bureaucratic cadre and added to the administrative setup in Bangladesh to provide a better overall impact of the adaptation policy and funding.