bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Extraction Strategy for Polyphenols from Pieris Japonica and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Zhang Mengling , Bao Xuewen , Huang Xin , Li Haigang , Li Yanhui , Bao Meihua
Published: November 2023

Pieris Japonica, belonging to the Rhododendron family, is known for its anti-insect and analgesic properties. Despite previous research, the components and antioxidant activity of Pieris Japonica extract remain unclear. This study aims to identify the optimal extraction process for Pieris Japonica, determine its components, and evaluate its antioxidant capacity. An L9 (34) orthogonal method was employed to optimize the Pieris Japonica extraction process, with the polyphenol content serving as the extraction efficiency index. The extracted components were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS). Antioxidant activity was assessed via the DPPH test, ABTS radical scavenging test, and FRAP reduction ability test. The optimal extraction process involved soaking Pieris Japonica powder in 60% ethanol with a weight-to-volume ratio of 1:20 (g/mL), followed by eight hours of reflux at 50°C. Under these conditions, the total polyphenol content was 11.2 ± 0.6 mg/g. HPLC/MS-MS revealed that flavonoids were the primary components in the Pieris Japonica extract. The FRAP method determined the total antioxidant capacity to be 1.00 ± 0.05 μmol/mL, while the DPPH method showed a radical scavenging rate of 42.21 ± 4.02%, and the ABTS method yielded a 85.74% scavenging rate, indicating a strong antioxidant activity. The primary components of Pieris Japonica extract were flavonoids, and the extracted plant material exhibited potent antioxidant activity.
Effect of Repeated Application of Flos Daturae on Sedative and Hypnotic in Mice
Authors: Li Chang-Lei , Chen Xiao-Qing , Yi Hui-Ling , Ma Bao-Miao
Published: November 2023

Insomnia is one of the most common sleep-related diseases. In traditional Chinese medicine, Flos daturae has been used as a traditional herbal totreatment of sizens of diseases. The research objective was to investigate the sedative and hypnotic effects of Flos Daturae. Kunming mice were divided into control group, Estazolam (positive drug, 0.0005 g/kg) group and Flos Daturae groups (0.01, 0.02, 0.04g/kg) with random, ig once a day for 7 days. The central sedative effect of flos Daturae on the spontaneous activity of mice was observed using the locomotive activity test, and the hypnotic effect of Flos Daturae was observed in mice using the direct sleep test and the sleep latency with synergistic supra-and sub-threshold doses of pentobarbital sodium. Flos Daturae (0.04g/kg) significantly inhibited mice locomotive activity (P<0.05) and had no direct sleeping effect (P>0.05), increased the number rate of sleep (P<0.05), and significantly shortening sleep latency (P<0.05), enhanced pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep. Flos Daturae possesses have sedative-hypnotic properties.
Age-Related Subcortical Brain Morphology Changes Following Three Hours of Sleep Deprivation
Authors: Li Jie
Published: November 2023

Sleep deprivation (SD) disrupted subcortical regions involved in emotion and attention. However, the age-related changes on subcortical brain morphology in processing of emotion and attention following SD remains unclear. Eighty participants consisting of 43 young people and 37 old people were included in this study. The volumetric analysis and vertex-wise shape analysis were employed to assess age-dependent structural abnormalities after SD. By volumetric analysis, we found significant main effect of deprivation with local atrophy in right amygdala. Shape analysis also showed the significant main effect of age in all subcortical structures. Moreover, the significant correlations between volume changes of bilateral amygdala and left thalamus after SD and scales scores refer to emotion processing and attention were observed in old adults. These findings indicated that SD altered gray matter volume and surface morphology of subcortical regions in old adults and suggested disrupted subcortical regions were associated with emotion and attention in old adults.
Study on CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot Fluorescence Immunoprobe for Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in 5 Traditional Chinese Medicines
Authors: Zhu Kai , Wang Pengyan , Qu Xinming
Published: November 2023

Aflatoxin is a highly toxic substance, of which aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic and carcinogenic among aflatoxins. In this paper, the team used homemade CdSe/Zns quantum dots to construct a fluorescent immunoprobe and all-antigen coupling with aflatoxin B1. It used a self-developed fluorescence intensity detector to detect aflatoxin B1 in five traditional Chinese medicines, namely, ginseng, Panax ginseng, Chuanxiong rhizome, rhubarb, and yam. The recoveries were 80.0–102.0%; the relative standard deviations (RSD)were from 2.4 to 9.2.
SuperMap-Based Research on the Spread Situation and Visual Monitoring Platform of Major Health Events
Authors: Li Xiaowen , Shen Chen , Zhang Jinlan , Wei Xiaojuan
Published: November 2023

To present information on infectious diseases caused by viruses clearly and track the changes of data in real-time, data visualization can be used preferentially considering that it can identify problems behind data accurately. In this paper, based on the SuperMap Online platform and Tianditu, a national platform for common geospatial information services, a risk level map of infectious diseases distribution area is made by Web GIS and cartography. Meanwhile, the platform plays an important role in information collection, management, analysis, prevention and control, and release of measures when a major health event spreads. The method shows many advantages, such as various visualization means, ease to be published and shared, simple operation, and programming realization, which may be taken as technical references for solving the same type of visualization application problems. The research also facilitates the data visualization and monitoring of the spread of infectious diseases in major health events, and can effectively provide services for monitoring, decision-making, dispatching, and handling the spread of infectious diseases.
Perspective of Signal Processing-Based on Brain-Computer Interfaces Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: He Ruyue
Published: November 2023

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is an indispensable portion of developing brain-computer interfaces (BCI). With the continuous development of AI concepts and related technologies. AI algorithms such as neural networks play an increasingly powerful and extensive role in brain-computer interfaces. However, brain-computer interfaces are still facing many technical challenges. Due to the limitations of AI algorithms, brain-computer interfaces not only work with limited accuracy, but also can only be applied to certain simple scenarios. In order to explore the future directions and improvements of AI algorithms in the area of brain-computer interfaces, this paper will review and analyse the advanced applications of AI algorithms in the field of brain-computer interfaces in recent years and give possible future enhancements and development directions for the controversial parts of them. This review first presents the effects of different AI algorithms in BCI applications. A multi-objective classification method is compared with evolutionary algorithms in feature extraction of data. Then, a kind of supervised learning algorithm based on Event Related Potential (ERP) tags is presented to achieve a high accuracy in the process of pattern recognition. Finally, as an important experimental paradigm for BCI, a combined TFD-PSR-CSP feature extraction method, is explained for the problem of motor imagery. The “Discussion” part comprehensively analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the above algorithms and proposes a deep learning-based artificial intelligence algorithm in order to solve the problems arising from the above algorithms.
EEG-Based PD Classification Model Coupled with Machine Learning
Authors: Bian Zhen
Published: November 2023

One of the most prevalent neurological brain diseases is Parkinson’s disease, which can be diagnosed a long time ago with a variety of clinical methods. In recent years, it has been common practice to use Electroencephalography (EEG) signal analysis to identify dementia in its early stages because of its high speed, low cost, and accessibility. Many novel methods which apply EEG to the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease are shown to be simple and effective. Recent years have seen the development of EEG signal processing as a key technique for researchers to gather appropriate features for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis. In this study, a novel system was created for computer-aided diagnosis that is capable of extracting features from EEG signals and discriminating patients affected by Parkinson’s disease. After per processing the EEG data, the Butterworth filter has been used to decompose the signals into four frequency sub-bands. Welch’s PSD features were then extracted as the input of supervised machine learning methods-the k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) to classify EEG features into Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy controls (HC). The 10-fold cross-validation has been employed to validate the performance of this model. The results achieve 98.82% accuracy, 99.19% sensitivity, and 91.77% specificity, respectively. The acquired findings demonstrate the validity of our strategy and that our diagnosis method is improved when compared to earlier research. At last, this novel method may be a supplementary tool for the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.
Screening, Confirmation and Validation of Mismatch AS F-Primers for Hypertension-Related Genotyping
Authors: Yang Ping , Lan Wei , Su Quanlin , Li Chunyan , Zheng Jie , Zhang Jing , Hu Yue , Lan Wenjun
Published: November 2023

In this study, screening, confirmation and validation of mismatch allele-specific (AS) forward (F)-primers are executed to establish a quadruplex amplification analysis (real-time PCR) for discrimination of CYP2D6*10, ADRB1, NPPA and CYP3A5*3 genotypes associated with hypertensive pharmacogenomics. To significantly distinguish heterozygote and homozygote, ΔCq (differences in threshold cycles between the wild-type F-primer amplification assay and the mutant-type F-primer amplification assay) was utilized to determine outcomes. Detection of plasmid by uniplex real-time PCR was used to screen the mismatch AS F-primers. Robustness assessment and agreement analysis were employed to confirm and validate initially selected F-primers, respectively. Robustness assessment confirmed that except of ADRB1 (0.7-0.9), amplification efficiency ranged from 0.9 to 1.1. No statistically significant difference was found between the analysis and NGS. Therefore, the optimized F-primer as polymorphism recognition molecules can benefit the genotyping guiding drug delivery in anti-hypertension treatment.
De novo miRNA-lncRNA Interactions Prediction via K-Square Encoding and Mixed Network
Authors: Yong Shuanghao , Li Wei , Tong Ling , Sun Dianzheng , Yang Xiao
Published: November 2023

Non-coding RNAs play a crucisal role in regulating various biological activities such as genetics and metabolism in plants. Traditional biological methods suffer from long research cycles and high costs. In recent years, bioinformatics methods combining deep learning have mainly focused on modifying network structures, with limited progress in extracting and describing features of RNA sequences and structures. In this study, we propose a novel two-dimensional Kmer cross-encoding approach based on an improved traditional Kmer encoding to predict miRNA-lncRNA interactions. This encoding integrates the features of miRNA and lncRNA into a meaningful encoded image, allowing for interactive interpretation. Furthermore, it combines neural networks that process sequence and image information. The proposed method named PmliGKKS was trained and tested on species from four different species, with independent testing conducted on two additional species. The results obtained using our approach demonstrate significant improvements compared to several state-of-the-art methods.
Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Novel Inhibitors Targeting KRAS G12C
Authors: Ding Yiming
Published: November 2023

KRAS is a protein that is critical to cell activation, but when it becomes mutated, it can contribute to the development of cancer. There is an urgent need for reliable and effective drugs to treat cancer, and KRAS G12C has been a major focus of research in this area. In this study, we used structure-based virtual screening to search for novel inhibitors that can target KRAS G12C. Specifically, we conducted a search for inhibitors that bind to the protein’s P2 pocket, which can trap the oncoprotein in an inactive GDP-bound state. Using quantitative analysis and virtual screening, we identified a set of eight potential inhibitors that have the potential to become the next generation of drugs to treat cancer. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms underlying KRAS G12C inhibition and provide a promising avenue for future drug development efforts.
Methods for Analyzing Unknown Health Risk Based on Nature Language Process (NLP)
Authors: Liu Jianying , Jiang Tao
Published: November 2023

With the rapid spread of epidemic situation, how to quickly analyze health risk factors has become a major challenge in the current public health field. The development of natural language processing (NLP) technology allows us to quickly capture the details of dealing with unknown health risks from massive data. This study uses official case reports on the Chinese Internet since the outbreak of Delta to analyze, and tries to use NLP technology to quickly analyze relevant health risk factors. This research attempts to use NLP-related technologies to interpret the main health risks before the goal, and to provide research methods and ideas for future response to unknown health challenges. This study found that it is difficult for non-public health professionals to understand the health risk factors interpreted by NLP. At present, the use of NLP to analyze cases related to health threats is not practical, and its role is mainly reflected in improving the efficiency of large-scale data analysis and decision support.
Colon Disease Classification Method Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Zhihe , Gao Zhifeng , Zhang Kun , Lun Lei , Xu Weichao , Wu Hongxin , Liu Baozhang
Published: November 2023

Objective Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system with a high incidence rate. It is prone to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis in clinical practice. Therefore, researching computer-aided diagnostic methods for endoscopic colon disease image classification is of great importance. This study proposes a deep learning-based method for colon disease classification. It utilizes intestinal images or captures from an endoscope camera to achieve intelligent classification of gastrointestinal diseases, providing assistance to doctors in their decision-making process. Methods Firstly, the algorithm is used to preprocess the dataset by removing duplicates and applying enhancement techniques. Two different network architectures, namely A_Vit, MobileNet, are employed. The models are trained using the same parameters and dataset with the Adam optimizer. The training process generates loss curves, accuracy, and recall rates for each of the four network architectures. Results The results indicate that the training with A_Vit has shown better performance, achieving an accuracy rate of 95.76% and an impressive recall rate of 97.21%. Therefore, the model trained using the A_Vit network structure is ultimately selected as the preferred choice. Conclusion This method can improve the efficiency and accuracy of colon disease diagnosis.
Using Traditional Chinese Medicine to Alleviate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhao Lin , Yue Qiulin , Su Le , Li Kunlun , Zhao Chen , Li Baojun , Zhang Song
Published: November 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease with high incidence in the world. Its main feature is that the lungs are affected by airflow obstruction. The disease can lead to impaired lung function in adults and cannot be completely cured. This paper expounds the pathogenesis of COPD, which can be alleviated by chemical methods and TCM methods. TCM treatment of COPD has the advantage of overall regulation, which can improve airway remodeling and alleviate the development of the disease. According to their structure, TCM therapeutic drugs can be divided into flavonoids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and alkaloids. On this basis, the article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of common Chinese medicine administration methods, aiming to provide some reference and help when alleviating the disease.
Electroacupuncture at “Baihui, Yintang and Shuigou” Acupoints Improves Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Mice
Authors: Zhang Jing , Gui Yuran , Leng Changlong , Li Youwei , Zhou Rong , Liu Wei , Shu Xiji
Published: November 2023

Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture at “Baihui, Yintang and Shuigou” acupoints on learning and memory in Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment (PSCI) mice. Methods: 52 male C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a MACO model by using middle cerebral artery occlusion (n=38), while the Sham only ligated at the distal end of the external carotid artery (n=14). After 28 days, the MCAO was divided into three groups based on the escape latency of Morris water maze: non cognitive impairment (MNP), post-stroke cognitive impairment (MP), and electroacupuncture intervention group (MPEA). In the MPEA, electroacupuncture at “Baihui and Yintang” acupoints was performed for 20 minutes (density wave, 2/15HZ and 1mA) supplemented by acupuncture at “Shuigou” acupoints once a day with a 6-day course of treatment. The intervention last for 2 courses with a 1-day interval. Morris water maze was used to detect the cognitive function of mice in each group; Nissl staining was used to observe hippocampal neurons; Western blot was used to detect the expression of GluA1, Syp, and Syt-1 in the affected hippocampus; IHC was used to detect the expression of Syp in the CA1 region of the contralateral hippocampus. Conclusion: Acupuncture at points “Baihui, Yintang, and Shuigou” can improve the learning and memory abilities of PSCI mice, and its mechanism is related to synaptic plasticity of hippocampus.
Stereotype as an Obstruction to Justice and Its Influence on a Judge While Consideration of a Criminal Proceeding
Authors: Barbash Daria
Published: November 2023

Consideration by a judge of criminal cases is closely related to the formation of internal conviction, which, in turn, is influenced by numerous factors, including internal psychological ones. One of them is the phenomenon of stereotyping, inherent to every person as a component of human social nature. The Article Purpose is to analyze the phenomenon of stereotype, its historical development, and study into the influence of the stereotyping process on the judge while consideration of criminal cases. To fulfil the specified goal, a systematic approach was chosen out of general scientific and special scientific methods, among which the most widely used are: historical-legal, formal-legal, and systemic-structural. Significance of the stereotyping phenomenon for society as a whole and for an individual in particular has been also analyzed, its influence on a judge’s internal perception of the defendant and case circumstances, as well as its impact on evidence evaluation in a criminal proceeding. The influence of various types of stereotypes on perception by a judge of a person brought to criminal responsibility (depending on his/her gender, race, or nationality) has been studied, along with racial bias during consideration of criminal cases (depending on crime type). It has been proven that a deeply-rooted stereotype can influence the development of a judge’s internal conviction, and therefore, evaluation of evidence in a case, the decision on a person’s guilt (innocence), determination of punishment, etc. It has been highlighted that stereotyping during administration of criminal cases by a judge negatively affects the judge’s impartiality and may provoke discrimination against parties in a criminal proceeding, which is inadmissible.
Artificial Intelligence in Law Enforcement and Justice Bodies: Domestic and European Experience
Authors: Matulienė Snieguolė , Shevchuk Viktor , Baltrūnienė Jurgita
Published: November 2023

The primary concerns of this research paper are to reveal current issues of the application of artificial intelligence technologies in law enforcement and justice bodies in the conditions of martial law and global threats; to identify the main trends, issues and forensic research prospects using artificial intelligence through the prism of European integration processes; to highlight gaps in the normative and legal regulation of the use of digital technologies; outline directions for its improvement. In order to reach objectives, general scientific and special methods (in particular, dialectical, analytical, induction and deduction, and others) were applied. The domestic and European experience in the application of artificial intelligence technologies in law enforcement and justice bodies was analyzed, and their promising directions were determined. We consider that legal regulation of the application of artificial intelligence in Ukraine should be carried out according to European standards, rules and recommendations in accordance with the European integration course chosen by our state. Note that introduction of the artificial intelligence into legal proceedings should be based preliminary on the principles of the rule of law, observance of basic human rights, respect for honor and dignity, equality before the law and the court, proportionality, competition between the parties, transparency, impartiality and justice. Artificial intelligence is not capable of completely replacing judges, however, its implementation will contribute to the optimization of the work of the judge and court. It is substantiated that in today’s military realities, the issue on increasing the effectiveness of the investigation of modern war crimes and cybercrimes with the help of digital technologies has become acute.
Problematic Aspects of the Classification of Forensic Economic Examination
Authors: Horlachuk Alexei
Published: November 2023

The theoretical-methodological foundations of the development of forensic economic examination regarding the determination of classification features of its species composition have not only theoretical-methodological, but also direct practical significance in the activities of expert economists, as well as judicial investigative bodies in the event that the latter appoint this type of examinations. This research paper’s purpose is to study the criteria for the classification of forensic economic examinations, established by soviet scientific thought, aimed at improving the systematization of their species composition. Using the techniques of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and generalization, it was determined that the emergence of new types and sorts of forensic economic examinations depends on factors that can be combined into two groups: 1) socio-economic relations — a change of their format; 2) judicial and investigative practice —emergence of new objects of research and tasks; 3) economic offenses — new ways, techniques of committing economic crimes. It has been established that the structural differentiation of this type of forensic examinations is due to the procedural needs of the judicial and investigative practice. It has been found that the criterion for systematization of the species composition of forensic examinations belongs to the economic plane, namely to the distribution of social production into the spheres of material and immaterial production. The next stage of the distribution of economic examinations is to the relevant industries according to certain types of activity with the definition of the main criterion of classification — according to the type of production activity. Thanks to this, compliance with the set of requirements for the scientifically based selection of classification criteria with the distinction of sorts and types of economic examinations is ensured.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KELAYAKAN USAHA MINYAK JELENG OLEH KWT NINE SERU DI DESA LANTAN
Authors: Mulyawati Sri , Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu
Published: November 2023

Komoditi kelapa merupakan komoditi yang mudah dijumpai di pulau Lombok. Beberapa pelaku usaha mengolah buah kelapa menjadi minyak kelapa atau minyak jeleng. Salah satunya adalah Kelompok Wanita Tani Nine Seru yang telah memproduksi minyak jeleng selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Meski telah cukup lama memproduksi minyak jeleng, belum diketahui apakah usaha tersebut mengalami keuntungan atau kerugian sehingga dapat dikatakan layak atau tidak untuk terus dijalankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pendapatan dan kelayakan usaha minyak jeleng KWT Nine Seru di Desa Lantan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data kuantitatif. Rumus yang digunakan adalah rumus TR-TC untuk mengetahui jumlah pendapatan, dan rumus R/C ratio untuk mengetahui rasio kelayakan usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha minyak jeleng KWT Nine Seru memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp 219.167,- dalam satu kali produksi. Hasil analisis kelayakan menunjukan nilai R/C ratio sebesar 1,37 yang artinya usaha tersebut mengalami keuntungan dan layak untuk diteruskan.

Coconut is a commodity that is easily found on the island of Lombok. Some businesses process coconut fruit into coconut oil, or jeleng oil. One of them is the Nine Seru Women Farmers Group, which has been producing jeleng oil for more than five years. Although it has been producing jeleng oil for a long time, it is not yet known whether the business has experienced profits or losses so that it can be said to be feasible or not to continue running. The purpose of this study is to analyze the income and feasibility of KWT Nine Seru's jeleng oil business in Lantan Village. This research is descriptive research using quantitative data. The formulas used are the TR-TC formula to determine the amount of income, and the R/C ratio formula to determine the business feasibility ratio. The results showed that KWT Nine Seru's jeleng oil business earned an income of Rp 219.167 in one production. The results of the feasibility analysis showed an R/C ratio value of 1,37, which means that the business is profitable and feasible to continue.
ANALISIS KOMPARASI KELAYAKAN USAHA TANI JAGUNG POLA KEMITRAAN DAN MANDIRI
Authors: Sillia Nova , Ismawati Iis , Fitrianti Siska , Nofianti Sri , Raflis Hidayat , Hanum Latifa
Published: November 2023

Analisis kelayakan usaha penting dilakukan untuk menentukan kontinuitas suatu usaha. Usaha tani jagung di Nagari Taram yang merupakan sentra produksi jagung pipil di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, dilakukan dengan dua pola yaitu bermitra dan mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kelayakan usaha tani jagung dengan pola kemitraan dan pola mandiri. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan bantuan kuesioner. Penelitian ini melibatkan 96 petani jagung dengan teknik stratified random sampling. Kelayakan usaha diukur dengan variabel R/C ratio. Studi komparasi kelayakan usaha tani jagung bermitra dan mandiri digunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan usaha tani jagung dengan pola kemitraan lebih layak untuk diusahakan dari pada pola mandiri. Hal ini didasarkan dari hasil R/C ratio usaha tani jagung pola kemitraan (2.41) lebih besar dibanding pola mandiri (1.60).

Feasibility study is important to determine the viability of a business. Corn farming in Taram sub-district which is the center of corn production in Lima Puluh Kota district, is carried out using two patterns, namely partnership and independence. This research aims to analyze the differences in the feasibility of corn farming businesses with partnership and independent patterns. Data was collected through observation and interviews with the help of questionnaires. This research involved 115 corn farmers using a stratified random sampling technique. Feasibility study is measured by the R/C ratio variable. Comparative study of the feasibility of partnered and independent corn farming uses the t test. The results of the research explain that corn farming with a partnership pattern is more feasible to operate independently. This is based on the results of the R/C ratio of partnership pattern corn farming (2.41) which is greater than independent (1.60).
Evaluation of the Performance of KKU’s Students in Translating Untranslated Quranic Verses from Skopos Theory Perspective
Authors: Elneil Ayman Hamd , Elnadeef Elsadig Ali Elsadig
Published: November 2023

This study focuses on evaluating the techniques used by KKU students majoring in the English language, and they study a translation course about translating Islamic religious texts. Furthermore, it accentuates the notion of untranslatability, its causes, and its types. The study also explains the challenges of translating Islamic religious texts. Additionally, the study demonstrates translation strategies taught to the students throughout the course for the purpose of translating Islamic religious texts. The study is based on a qualitative approach entailing a critical interpretative translation case study design, and it employs purposive sampling without a statistical representation, focusing on the students’ implementation of translational strategies and techniques at a micro level and macro level regarding untranslated items in the Holy Quran and Hadith. The data was collected by skimming and scanning every verse that was possibly interposed by students’ translational work of a focus group. Moreover, the researchers use interviewing as a form of data collection, which involves asking participants open-ended questions. The study concludes that teaching the students strategies and techniques of translating Islamic religious texts, accompanied by immediate practice in terms of tasks, assists students in translating in high quality regarding accuracy and adequacy. The study recommends that students should be taught techniques of translating Islamic religious texts segmentally accompanying from both perspectives -theory and practice.
AI vs. Human Translators: Navigating the Complex World of Religious Texts and Cultural Sensitivity.
Authors: ZAID Abdelali , Bennoudi Hanane
Published: November 2023

This article explores the growing landscape of machine and AI-powered translation, explicitly focusing on religious text translation. The objective is to assess how AI-powered translation tools, such as ChatGPT and Google Translate, can replace human translation in handling complex religious content. The analysis considers word choice, word count, readability, and overall translation quality. This article uses qualitative and comparative data analysis to evaluate translations of seven English to Arabic religious texts by ChatGPT, Google Translate, and human translators. The texts were chosen randomly in different religious contexts, and a systematic coding framework was employed. Through Nvivo software, we examined word placement, vocabulary diversity, fluency, and accuracy. The analysis concludes that ChatGPT and Google Translate provide fairly accurate translations, yet the quality is questioned. Human translation consistently outperforms machine translations, maintaining depth, cultural relevance, and nuanced understanding. Word count analysis shows that machine translations are more concise and missing significant elements. While AI-powered translation tools have made significant advancements, they still need to be capable of entirely replacing human expertise, especially in handling complex and culturally rich texts. Human translators continue to excel in conveying complex ideas and preserving the richness of language and culture.
Adam Ferguson’un Felsefesinde Din
Authors: AKGÜN Tuncay
Published: November 2023

Francis Hutcheson’ın (ö. 1746) Hıristiyan Stoacılığı düşüncesi, on sekizinci yüzyıl boyunca İskoç ahlaki felsefesi ve dini üzerinde güçlü bir etki yapmıştır. Hutcheson'a ait Hıristiyan-Stoacı ilkelerin en coşkulu savunucusu ve bu ilkeleri tam olarak benimseyenlerden biri de Adam Ferguson’dur (1723-1816). Ferguson, çağdaşları olan on sekizinci yüzyıl felsefecileri ve okuryazar halk arasında saygın bir konum kazanmış olmasına rağmen günümüzde geri planda kalmış bir filozoftur. Ferguson'un fikirleri sonraki nesil entelektüeller arasında göz ardı edilemeyecek bir etkiye sahip olmuştur. Makalede Ferguson’un sahip olduğu teolojik düşünce ince ayrıntılarına kadar incelenmeyecektir. Bunun sebebi Ferguson’un bu konularda fikir belirtirken düşüncelerini genel hatları ile ortaya koymuş olmasıdır. Onun görüşlerinin temelinde olan ve birçok konudaki düşüncesini etkilemiş olan şeyin “İlahi Takdir” ve onun doğası olduğu tartışma götürmez bir gerçektir. Bu çalışmada Ferguson’un din ile ilgili düşüncelerinin genel olarak neler olduğu ortaya koyulduktan sonra Tanrı, sıfatları, Tanrı’nın varlığının delilleri, kötülük problemi, ruhun ölümsüzlüğü gibi diğer teolojik meselelerdeki detaylar ele alınacaktır.
Identification of suitable quantitative traits in chickpea through biparental progeny analysis
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Tarikul , Deb Anil Chandra Deb
Published: November 2023

Information regarding additive and dominance properties of gene of the quantitative traits is very important to improve any crops. Five chickpea genotypes were taken as a base material for this study and five different crosses were made between the genotypes to raised F1, F2 and biparental (BIP’s) family. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the families in almost all the cases. Higher magnitude of additive component than that of dominance component along with high narrow sense heritability and high genetic advance recorded for pod weight plant-1 in cross-4 and cross-5; number of seeds plant-1 in cross-3, cross-4 and cross-5; while seed weight plant-1 in cross-3 and cross-5. This is signifying that the selection of these traits for the respective crosses will be very effective for the improvement of chickpea yield. Regression item in some cases was significant which revealed good relationship between biparental families and their parents and vice-versa. Significant linkage in both coupling and repulsion phases were detected.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 731-739, 2023 (September)
Growth and enzyme activity of wheat under varying levels of cadmium and iron
Authors: Adhikari Tapan
Published: November 2023

Effects of cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) on growth of Atir and Negev varieties of wheat in solution culture experiment was investigated.  Based on Geochem-PC model, four different combinations of pCd (-log free Cd +2 activity) such as (0, 7.9, 8.2 and 8.5) and two levels of pFe (-log free Fe+2 activity) such as (17.0 and 17.6) were formulated as experimental treatments. Shoot dry matter yield of wheat cultivars viz. Atir and Negev were reduced to 80 and 74% at 7.9 pCd level. Atir was the most sensitive genotype for the rate of phytometallophore (PM) release. Alterations in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activities were initiated from lower pCd level for both the varieties. 
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 755-761, 2023 (September)
Phytochemical screening of leaf extracts of arka kiran var. of guava
Authors: Gurusamy K
Published: November 2023

In the present study the presence of phytochemicals, and in vitro antioxidant activities of ethanolic leaves extract of Psidium guajava Linn variety namely Arka kiran was investigated.The ethanolic leaf extract of Arka kiran was found to processes secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, phenols and glycosides.  Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) study revealed the presence of therapeutic compounds like octadecenoic acid methyl ester, deoxyspergualin and eicosatrienoicacid. The extract assessed for its α–amylase and α–glucosidase inhibition inhibition at a dose of 20 - 100 µg/ml, at 5% level of significance on both antidiabetic activities were observed. Further the results of in vitro antioxidants (DPPH radical, superoxide and nitricoxide radical) scavenging activities confirmed their antioxidant potentials with the IC50 values of 326, 345 and 248 µg/ml, respectively.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 783-789, 2023 (September)
Impact of varying germination periods on the nutritional quality and protein availability of four legumes
Authors: Devi Reema , Sangwan Veenu , Punia Darshan
Published: November 2023

To improve the quality and digestibility of legumes, and to examine effects of varying germination periods (6, 12 and 18 hrs) on the protein quantity, digestibility, ash, moisture, fibre and fat content of locally available legumes namely green gram, chickpea, lentil and moth bean the present study was undertaken. It was found that the protein content and protein digestibility of legumes increased by 4.87 to 42.79 and 3.48 to 19.77 per cent, respectively depending on the type of legume, and length of germination. The highest per cent increase in protein content was found in chickpea (42.79%) germinated for 18 hrs. Maximum increase in in-vitro protein digestibility (19.77 %) was noticed in moth bean, ranging from 5.31 to 19.77 per cent at 6, 12 and 18 hrs of germination. Highest enhancement in protein value was observed in legumes which were germinated for 18 hrs. In comparison to raw, a significant reduction was noted in the ash content of all types of germinated legumes and in terms of per cent, the decrease varied from 2.98 to 8.46. Moisture and crude fibre content increased significantly where fat content was decreased in all legumes. Processed legumes can serve as a functional food for augmenting the nutritional status of vulnerable sections of society.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 837-843, 20-23 (September)
Potent indigenous weeds for soil chromium remediation and public health risk assessment with pot-grown edible plants
Authors: Rahman Ashiqur , Tarannum Tanjina , Sultana Razia , Syeda Sultana Razia
Published: November 2023

Chromium, naturally present in trace amounts in the environment, poses a significant risk as both a carcinogen and a contaminant at elevated concentrations. The study explores the chromium accumulation potential of seven indigenous weeds of Hazaribagh, Bangladesh. It further investigates the threat and toxicity associated with vegetables, crops, and aromatic plant cultivation in chromium-laden soil. The study revealed that the study area contains alarmingly high levels of Cr (III), i.e., 2328–34,536 mg Cr/kg as demonstrated in a spatial GIS map. The weeds accumulated 27.8 – 2496.6 mg Cr/kg and 11.4 –506.9 mg Cr/kg in roots and shoots respectively. Among the seven weeds, Phyllanthus niruri, Cyperus sp., and Vernonia patula met at least one phytoremediation criteria and can be used for soil chromium remediation purposes. In the pot study, five species, Brassica nipus (mustard), Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Ocimum sanctum (holy basil), Capsicum annuum (green chili), and Abelmoschus esculentus (okra), were exposed to chromium (III) sulfate spiked soil for forty days at 100, 500, and 20000 mg Cr/kg soil concentrations. Green chili, sunflower, mustard, and okra demonstrated high chromium uptake in roots (13.3- 195 mg/ kg) and shoots (13.2-63.7 mg/kg) exceeding permissible and toxicity threshold for plants. These findings highlight the importance of not cultivating these species in chromium-contaminated areas. However, basil showed chromium tolerance by limiting the uptake in the shoot along with excellent growth reducing the risk of chromium transferring through the food chain, and therefore, is safe to grow in Hazaribagh for producing metal-free aromatic oil.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 875-882, 2023 (September)
Cell membrane injury, stability and atpase actibity and their relevance to seed germination, seedling growth tolerance indices of rice under abiotic stresses
Authors: Alamgir ANM
Published: November 2023

Abiotic stress tolerant germplasms of field crops are useful for cultivation under growth limiting conditions. In the present study 18 different rice germplasms for their cell membrane injury (CMI), cell membrane stability (CMS), ATPase activity and their relevance to seed germination and seedling growth tolerance index (TI) under abiotic stresses like salinity and low Ψw were investigated. At least 12 germplasms had relatively low membrane injury (< 10%) and consequently high membrane stability (> 90) including TM-1-5, Sadachikon, SR x P 5222, BR 23, Pokkali, Nonabokra, etc. indicating a relationship between stress tolerance and CMS. ATPase activities in some of these rice germplasms were high along with CMS related to stress tolerance. The TI of seed germinations and seedling growth of different germplasms under salinity stress were affected in different degrees and decreased more under high intensities. At 0.l Molal NaCl all germplasms had ≤  80% TI of seed germination, at 0.2 Molal NaCl only three had ≥ 80% TI and ten had ≥ 50% TI and at 0.3 Molal NaC1, only nine had ~10-32% TI and the rest nine did not germinate. Osmoticum PEG-6000 at -5.5 bar Ψw had limited inhibitory effect on seed germination TI. NaCl as well as PEG-6000 degraded both the root and shoot growth TI of the seedlings.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 889-896, 2023 (September)
Оцінка фінансового потенціалу підприємства-боржника в процедурі банкрутства
Authors: Гринько Тетяна , Вознюк Олег
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена актуальній в сучасних кризових умовах проблематиці оцінки фінансового потенціалу, яку необхідно здійснювати в процесі провадження справи про банкрутство підприємства-боржника. В статті визначено, що справа про банкрутство для підприємства боржника може завершитись або його ліквідацією, або відновленням платоспроможності, погашенням кредиторської заборгованості, виходом із кризи через проведення фінансової санації. Авторами наголошується, що рішення про доцільність проведення фінансової санації повинно бути обґрунтованим та спиратись на результати оцінки фінансового потенціалу боржника, результати якої підтверджують його здатність подолати кризу неплатоспроможності.

В статті виконано аналіз методичних рекомендацій щодо виявлення ознак неплатоспроможності підприємства та ознак дій з приховування банкрутства, фіктивного банкрутства чи доведення до банкрутства, якими керуються при проведені аналітичних процедур в справі про банкрутство в Україні. Виявлено недоліки, пов’язані з неможливості надати аналітичний висновок щодо обґрунтування доцільності введення процедури санації та запропоновано підходи щодо вдосконалення методики оцінки фінансового потенціалу в справі про банкрутство підприємства. Запропоновано проводити оцінку внутрішнього фінансового потенціалу підприємства за 5 групами показників, які характеризують його окремі складові, а також оцінку зовнішніх можливостей формування та зміцнення фінансового потенціалу. Узагальнення рекомендовано здійснювати через розрахунок інтегральних показників за окремими складовими з наступним розрахунком загального інтегрального показника, за яким можна визначити чи має підприємство-боржник достатній рівень фінансового потенціалу для відновлення платоспроможності та уникнення банкрутства. Подальші наукові дослідження доцільно направити на розробку методичних підходів до розрахунку інтегральних показників оцінки фінансового потенціалу боржника в справі про банкрутство.
Covid-19 Sürecinde Merhamet ve Psikolojik Dayanıklılık İlişkisi: Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: CETIN Cemile , ANUK Özlem
Published: November 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 pandemisini deneyimleyen üniversite öğrencileri örnekleminde merhamet ve psikolojik dayanıklılık ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Örneklem toplam 94 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Örneklemin 72’si kadın (%77) öğrenci ve 22’si erkek (%23) öğrencidir. Araştırmanın ana hipotezi “merhamet ile psikolojik dayanıklılık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardır” olarak oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada Merhamet Ölçeği ve Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Örnekleme ilişkin demografik bilgiler ve araştırmada kullanılan ölçekler üzerinde faktör analizi, güvenirlik analizi, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız t-testi ve korelasyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatürde herhangi bir araştırmanın konusu olarak karşılaşılmamış olan merhamet ve psikolojik dayanıklılık arasında ilişki olmadığı sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Araştırma sonucunda erkek öğrencilerin psikolojik dayanıklılıkları kız öğrencilerden daha yüksek kız öğrencilerin ise merhamet duygusu erkek öğrencilerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. 22-29 yaş aralığındaki öğrencilerin 21 yaş ve altındaki öğrencilere göre psikolojik dayanıklılıkları daha yüksektir. Öğrencilerin “merhamet denilince aklınıza gelen ilk şey nedir?” sorusuna verdikleri yanıtlar ile merhamet ve psikolojik dayanıklılık arasında anlamlı bir farklılık elde edilememiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen diğer bulgular literatürde yer alan araştırma sonuçları ile birlikte değerlendirilmiştir.
Estudio Sísmico de Zonas Portuarias de David Mediante las Técnicas de Razón Espectral H/V (HVSR) y Refracción de Microtremores (ReMi)
Authors: Samudio Krysna , Grajales-Saavedra Francisco , Mojica Alexis O.
Published: November 2023

La finalidad de este estudio es realizar una clasificación de los suelos en la zona costera de la ciudad de David y alrededores mediante las técnicas de HVSR y ReMi. Uno de los impactos que generará esta investigación (y sus estudios consecuentes) estará orientada hacia la elaboración de normativas actualizadas para el diseño y construcción de futuras estructuras portuarias y no portuarias en la ciudad de David, tomando en cuenta las vibraciones y fuerzas sísmicas. Es importante mencionar que este tipo de información es muy escasa. Adicionalmente, de darse un evento extremo en Chiriquí, la correcta construcción de estructuras representaría un factor importante de optimización de recursos económicos y contribuirá a la mitigación de pérdidas humanas.
Calidad del agua y flujo de CO2 en el estuario del Río Salado, Bahía de Chame, Pacífico de Panamá
Authors: Martínez Gabriela , Medina Aychel , González Yarisel , Romero Tania , Sánchez-Noguera Celeste , Vargas, Cristian A. , Vergara-Chen Carlos
Published: November 2023

La acidificación del océano es el proceso prolongado de reducción del pH de los océanos, que ocurre principalmente al intercambio de CO2 antropogénico con la atmósfera. Este proceso ha cambiado la biogeoquímica de los océanos y es una amenaza a la salud de los organismos marinos. Estos cambios a gran escala afectan las funciones de los ecosistemas y pueden tener un impacto en la biodiversidad, los bienes y servicios ecológicos y económicos incluyendo a los ecosistemas estuarinos. Los estuarios son claves en el transporte de carbono del continente a la zona costera y por lo general actúan como fuente de CO2 para la atmósfera, por consiguiente, atraviesan por el proceso de acidificación estuarina. En este trabajo documentamos por primera vez la dinámica espacio-temporal de parámetros de calidad de agua y el flujo de CO2 para comprender la variabilidad ambiental natural y la acidificación estuarina en el sistema estuario Río Salado-Bahía de Chame para ilustrar como los procesos naturales y el cambio climático pueden manifestarse en el ambiente acuático. La variación espaciotemporal del pH y CO2 del agua superficial se puede atribuir a factores como la intrusión salina en los estuarios, el aporte de agua dulce a través de abundantes canales, la actividad fotosintética del fitoplancton y la vegetación de manglar. Este estudio ayudará llenando los vacíos de información sobre como la calidad del agua estuarina puede contribuir a predecir las respuestas a la acidificación oceánica y comprender los procesos que afectan la estructura y el funcionamiento de los estuarios tropicales.