bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Alerting Effect from Rising Public Awareness of Air Quality on the Outdoor Activities of Megacity Residents
Authors: Lee Ki-Kwang , Park YoungKi , Han Sang-Pil , Kim Hyun Cheol
Published: January 2020

This study investigated how the public awareness of air quality affects people’s decisions to participate in outdoor activities. Given that the keyword search volume of particulate matter (PM) in Seoul, South Korea started to grow dramatically only after November 2013, we defined two periods (low and high public awareness of PM) and conducted a series of comparative analyses to investigate the impact of public awareness of air quality on the relationship between PM level and people’s outdoor activities. In the low public awareness period, people’s outdoor activities measured by the number of daily subway passengers did not significantly vary over PM levels, even in the ’unhealthy’ range (80 < PM10 < = 150 µg/m3). On the contrary, during the high awareness period, people’s activities were significantly affected by the PM level, even in the ’moderate’ range. Specifically, the perceived safety threshold of PM10 level that people use to decide for engaging outdoor activities has decreased from 120 to 70 µg/m3. These results suggest that public awareness of air quality and its harmful ramifications on health is a key determinant of outdoor activities rather than PM10 concentration itself. Thus, this study alludes to a need for more timely and effective dissemination of air quality information to the public as much as for curbing anthropogenic emissions.
Path Analysis of Beijing’s Dematerialization Development Based on System Dynamics
Authors: Dai Tiejun , Shan Shuo
Published: January 2020

Dematerialization is a phenomenon in which resource consumption and pollutant discharge decrease during economic development. In order to explore the optimal paths of Beijing’s dematerialization, this study combines material flow analysis method and the Tapio decoupling model to construct a city dematerialization evaluation model, and establishes a system dynamics model to simulate the comprehensive dematerialization levels and the dematerialization levels of eight materials under four scenarios. The results show that the key factors affecting the dematerialization levels of resource and discharge end were non-metals consumption and CO2 emissions respectively. During 2016–2030, Beijing would achieve weak decoupling state under four scenarios, but the degree of dematerialization would be different. For the comprehensive dematerialization level, during 2017–2024, an industrial restructuring (IR) scenario, which would strengthen R&D investment and optimize the industrial structure, would be the optimal choice. During 2025–2030, an environmental governance (EG) scenario, which means increasing the investment in pollution control, would bring about the best dematerialization level. There would be differences in the optimal dematerialization paths for eight materials. For example, economic sustainable degrowth (ESD) and EG scenarios would be the optimal paths for dematerialization of atmospheric pollutants in the period 2017–2021 and 2022–2030, respectively.
Soluble Inorganic Arsenic Species in Atmospheric Submicron Particles in Two Polish Urban Background Sites
Authors: Nocoń Katarzyna , Rogula-Kozłowska Wioletta , Majewski Grzegorz , Rogula-Kopiec Patrycja
Published: January 2020

This paper presents results of the research on soluble inorganic As(III) and As(V) bound to submicron atmospheric particles (PM1) in two Polish urban background sites (Zabrze and Warsaw). The purpose of the research was to give some insight on the susceptibility to leaching of PM1-bound arsenic species from easily water-soluble compounds, i.e., considered potentially bioavailable based on its daily and seasonal changes. Quantitative analysis for 120 PM1 samples (collected from 24 June 2014 to 8 March 2015) was performed by using a high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The mean seasonal concentrations of dominant soluble As specie—As(V)—ranged from 0.27 ng/m3 in the summer season in Warsaw to 2.41 ng/m3 in the winter season in Zabrze. Its mean mass shares in total As were 44% in Warsaw and 75% in Zabrze in the winter and 18% and 48%, respectively, in the summer. Obtained results indicated fossil fuel combustion as the main source of PM1-bound As(V) and road traffic emission as its minor sources. In opposite to As(V), soluble As(III) was not clearly seasonally variable. In both seasons, its mean concentrations were higher in Zabrze than in Warsaw. As(III) concentrations were not preferentially shaped by an exact emission from road traffic in both cities.
Developing the Entrepreneurial University: Factors of Influence
Authors: Bezanilla María José , García-Olalla Ana , Paños-Castro Jessica , Arruti Arantza
Published: January 2020

Universities are increasingly paying more attention to developing academic entrepreneurship. This paper analyses the existing relationships between the relevant factors that contribute to the development of the entrepreneurial university. A previously validated questionnaire was administered to a sample of 84 deans of a number of faculties in Spain. The aim was to assess the universities’ development in terms of 13 influencing factors in encouraging entrepreneurship. The findings show that universities’ contextual factors had only minor influence on internal factors. Internal resources were found to be moderately or highly correlated with the processes put in place by universities to promote entrepreneurship. In particular, reference to entrepreneurship in a university’s mission, strategy, policies and procedures had a correlation with all the entrepreneurship factors analysed. Support from the management team and organisational design were not among the most important factors; however, they were positively associated with training and research processes, which, in turn, seemed to be strongly related to all factors in the development of the entrepreneurial university, especially with university mission and strategy. The findings show the relationships between the factors involved in the development of the entrepreneurial university. This will help universities to adopt measures that are better suited to promoting entrepreneurship.
Stimulating and Educating Engineers to Innovate through Individual Continuous Learning
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhao Xiaokang , Zhao Chunliang
Published: January 2020

Based on the self-determination theory and planned behavior theory, this paper studied the mechanisms of innovative behavior driven by engineers’ individual continuous learning. It was found that individual continuous learning can promote engineers’ innovative behavior and that career planning and self-efficacy play a dual mediating role in the effect that individual continuous learning has on bringing about innovative behavior. In addition, engineers’ risk tolerance positively increases the effect of individual continuous learning on self-efficacy. Furthermore, the organizational climate affects the innovative behavior brought about by engineers’ individual continuous learning. Therefore, we make some suggestions for vocational education and the management of engineers. It is necessary for managers to develop strategies to encourage engineers to continue learning both inside and outside the organization. Organizations need to support engineers in improving their professional skills and abilities so as to enhance self-efficacy. Managers need to pay attention to career planning for engineers, assist them in career planning, and help them to achieve their career goals through training or related courses. Managers also need to allow engineers to make mistakes and strengthen risk education for engineers. Managers need to create a climate of innovation in which members support and cooperate with each other so that engineers can implement innovative behavior more effectively and achieve innovative goals.
Planning the Flows of Residual Biomass Produced by Wineries for the Preservation of the Rural Landscape
Authors: Manniello Canio , Statuto Dina , Di Pasquale Andrea , Giuratrabocchetti Gerardo , Picuno Pietro
Published: January 2020

Circular economy aims to create a system that allows an optimal reuse of products and materials. According to an appropriate planning hierarchy, agricultural and agro-food co-products, by-products and wastes should be primarily employed to re-balance soil fertility, and afterwards valorized as new secondary raw materials used in the same agricultural sector or in different industrial chains (e.g., cosmetics, nutraceuticals, etc.). Finally, only at the end of this process, they could be conveyed to energy production through co-generation. In this paper, different residues generated by the wine production chain have been considered with reference to the Basilicata region (Southern Italy). These biomasses have been quantitatively assessed and qualitatively classified, in order to find the most rational and convenient solution for their valorization from a technical, economic and environmental point of view. From the spatial analysis—elaborated by implementing a Geographic Information System—some thematic maps have been obtained, which allow us to highlight the areas with the highest concentration of residues. In this way, focusing the analysis on these areas, some possible strategies for their management and valorization have been proposed, so as to restore soil fertility and contribute to the sustainable preservation of the rural landscape.
Empowering Sustainable Consumption by Giving Back to Consumers the ‘Right to Repair’
Authors: Hernandez Ricardo J , Miranda Constanza , Goñi Julian
Published: January 2020

Industry has been considered a major actor regarding the actions and changes needed to achieve sustainable development. Different approximations to the topic have been developed to face the challenges of having a more responsible production of goods and services. These approximations include cleaner production, green design, ecodesign, eco efficiency, design for sustainable behavior, sustainable design, and more recently concepts like circular economies among many more. In all these approaches, the attention has been mainly on the production side while consumption has been tackled indirectly. The majority of laws and ordinances that have motivated the emergence of these approaches have traditionally been oriented to producers. However, an European Union (EU) directive launched in October 2019, called “right to repair”, could change this paradigm, empowering consumers by giving them more possibilities of repairing their products instead of discarding them. This paper presents a preliminary discussion about the effects this directive might have on how we consume products now and how we will consume them in the future.
Spatio-Temporal Usage Patterns of Dockless Bike-Sharing Service Linking to a Metro Station: A Case Study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Yan Qiang , Gao Kun , Sun Lijun , Shao Minhua
Published: January 2020

The dockless bike-sharing (DLBS) system serves as a link between metro stations and travelers’ destinations (or originations). This paper aims to uncover spatio-temporal usage patterns of dockless bike-sharing service linking to metro stations for supporting scientific planning and management of the dockless bike-sharing system. A powerful visualization tool was used to analyze the differences in usage patterns in workdays and weekends. The travel distance distributions of using dockless bike-sharing near metro stations were investigated to shed light on the service area of the dockless bike-sharing system. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied to analyze differences in usage patterns of metro stations located in different areas. The results show that the usage patterns of dockless bike-sharing on weekends are different from those on workdays. The average travel distance using the dockless bike-sharing system at weekends is significantly larger than that of workdays. The travel distance distribution could be nicely fitted by the Fréchet distribution of the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution family. The usage characteristics of shared bikes are correlated with land use and population density around metro stations. No matter in urban or suburban areas, there is a great demand for bike-sharing in densely populated areas with intensive land development, such as university towns in suburban areas. This study improves the understandings regarding the usage patterns of the DLBS system serving as a link between the final destinations (or originations) and metro stations. The results can be helpful to the operation and demand management of DLBS.
A Comprehensive Analysis: Sustainable Trends and Awarded LEED 2009 Credits in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Duy Hoang , Kim Byeol , Lee Joosung , Ahn Abraham Chiwon , Ahn Yonghan
Published: January 2020

Established by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) became a sustainable leader of green building rating systems in American and many other countries. In Vietnam, LEED is expected as a potential solution in improving the sustainable quality of buildings for residents and solving the housing/infrastructure demand with a limit in resource consumption and minimizing negative environmental impacts. The study analyzed the awarded LEED 2009 credits by investigating the data of 36 of the total 42 LEED BC+D 2009 certified projects in Vietnam. The results of the investigation indicated the awarded credits were significantly implemented in Vietnam. These results were converted based on the summary updated on LEED version 4 of the USGBC report, to become a useful guideline for green building cost-efficiency strategies. Additionally, it also served as reference data for the Vietnamese public agency to update their green regulations based on the specific characteristics of Vietnam.
Empirical Evidence in Ecuador between Economic Growth and Environmental Deterioration
Authors: Massa-Sánchez Priscilla , Quintana-Romero Luis , Correa-Quezada Ronny , del Río-Rama María de la Cruz
Published: January 2020

Currently, obtaining evidence of the correlation between economic growth and environmental deterioration is of great relevance. Due to an increase in economic activity, an increase in CO2 emissions and its possible effects on the current climate change is very worrying. The studies that analyze this correlation serve as a basis for the awareness of countries and the establishment of policies worldwide to curb such deterioration. The objective of this research is achieved through a panel data model and spatial econometric techniques to address the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation in Ecuador. A regression model is proposed where the deterioration dependent variable is CO2 emissions, which is also an independent variable for the provincial gross value added. Poverty and inequality are considered as control variables in order to observe their effects on CO2 emission. The results are coherent with what is stated by the theory and describe an inverted U-shaped curve. They also show that the generation of pollutant emissions is directly related to the growth of the vehicle fleet and inversely related with the population’s schooling levels. The spatial effects are significant and the spatial impact multipliers indicate that the strongest direct and indirect effect is the one caused by the generation of car emissions per capita. This variable is relevant for the design of public policy aimed at improving environmental quality.
Explore, Design and Act for Sustainability: A Participatory Planning Approach for Local Energy Sustainability
Authors: Fouché Elaine , Brent Alan
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on the development of a participatory planning approach for local energy sustainability. The characteristics of a complex problem were reviewed to establish that the problem of sustainable energy at a local government level is complex. In order to better manage complex problems, the literature shows that soft operational research or problem-structuring methods need to be applied, and hence these methods were used as a starting point for developing a participatory planning approach. The requirements for a planning approach were elicited, namely that the approach must be participative and inclusive, holistic, simple and transparent. In addition, the approach must include the identification and assessment of risks as part of the deliberation process, the development of a realistic action plan must be attainable at the end of the stakeholder engagement, the approach must be dynamic, and should be formalised with clear institutional arrangements. A novel participatory approach, namely EDAS—to Explore, Design and Act for Sustainability—was then developed, applied, and evaluated as part of a case study with a local municipality in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The insights are relevant not only for local governments, but for any institution on a journey towards sustainability.
Searching for the Center: A New Civic Role for the Central Business District in China
Authors: Chen Yiyong , Zacharias John , Zeng Mali
Published: January 2020

The central business district (CBD) has become the economic powerhouse of contemporary cities. China’s economic transition from world factory to a knowledge-based economy underpinned the development of hundreds of CBDs over the course of less than two decades. The plans promoted land use diversity and the incorporation of service facilities in the support of business function, but a rather different service environment emerged. Taking the Futian CBD of Shenzhen as the prototypical case, we examined the distribution, vitality, uses, and users of these facilities, which are largely built up by the private sector and without governmental support. A questionnaire sent to users and data derived from social media reveal that the vast majority of visitors of these service facilities do not work in the CBD and travel via the reformed mass transport system to this location. The high-quality public spaces and street environment, as well as the numerous service facilities, many of which are at a low economic order, attract people from all over the vast city, which homes over ten million, highlighting a new role for the CBD as a civic center. In contrast with the globalized business sought after by government and business leaders of the CBD, a new populist nexus is emerging and without significant support.
Silage Fermentation and In Vitro Degradation Characteristics of Orchardgrass and Alfalfa Intercrop Mixtures as Influenced by Forage Ratios and Nitrogen Fertilizing Levels
Authors: Xue Zhulin , Wang Yanlu , Yang Hongjian , Li Shoujiao , Zhang Yingjun
Published: January 2020

Intercropping is a globally accepted method of forage production and its effect on silage quality depends not only on forage combination but also fertilization strategy. In the present study, field intercropping of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) at five seed ratios (100:0, 75:25: 50:50, 25:75, 0:100 in %, based on seed weight) was applied under three N fertilizing levels (0, 50, and 100 kg/ha), and harvested for silage making and in vitro rumen degradation. As a result of intercropping, the actual proportions (based on dry matter) of alfalfa in mixtures were much closer to seed proportion of alfalfa in field, except 75:25 orchardgrass-alfalfa intercrops with no fertilization. The actual proportions of alfalfa in mixtures decreased by 3–13% with the increase of N level. Increases of alfalfa proportion in mixtures increased silage quality, nutrients degradability and CH4 emissions. Increasing N levels increased silage pH, concentration of butyric acid, and fiber fractions. In summary, inclusion of alfalfa at around 50% in orchardgrass-alfalfa silage mixtures were selected for favorable ensiling and higher forage use efficiency while also limiting CH4 emissions, compared to monocultures. The silage quality and feeding values of mixtures were influenced more by forage ratios than by N levels.
Application-Specific SoC Design Using Core Mapping to 3D Mesh NoCs with Nonlinear Area Optimization and Simulated Annealing
Authors: Joseph Jan Moritz , Ermel Dominik , Bamberg Lennart , García-Oritz Alberto , Pionteck Thilo
Published: January 2020

Core mapping, in which a core graph is mapped to a network graph to minimize communication, is a common design problem for Systems-on-Chip interconnected by a Network-on-Chip. In conventional multiprocessors, this mapping is area-agnostic as the cores in the core graph are uniform and therefore iso-area. This changes for Systems-on-Chip because tasks are mapped to specific blocks and not general-purpose cores. Thus, the area of these specific cores is varying. This requires novel mapping methods. In this paper, we propose a an area-aware cost function for simulated annealing; Furthermore, we advocate the use of nonlinear models as the area is nonlinear: A semi-definite program (SDP) can be used as it is sufficiently fast and shows 20% better area than conventional linear models. Our cost function allows for up to 16.4% better area, 2% better communication (bandwidth times hop distance) and 13.8% better total bandwidth in the network in comparison to the standard approach that accounts for both the network communication and uses cores with varying areas as well.
Molecular Detection of Rabies Lyssaviruses from Dogs in Southeastern Nigeria: Evidence of TransboundaryTransmission of Rabies in West Africa
Authors: Eze Ukamaka U , Ngoepe Ernest C , Anene Boniface M , Ezeokonkwo Romanus C , Nwosuh Chika I , Sabeta Claude T
Published: January 2020

Despite being the first country to register confirmed cases of Mokola and Lagos bat lyssaviruses (two very distant lyssaviruses), knowledge gaps, particularly on the molecular epidemiology of lyssaviruses, still exist in Nigeria. A total of 278 specimens were collected from dogs in southeastern Nigeria between October 2015 and July 2016, and 23 (8.3%) of these tested positive for lyssaviruses with the direct fluorescent antibody test (DFA). The lyssaviruses were genetically characterized by amplifying the highly conserved nucleoprotein (N) gene of the rabies lyssaviruses (RABVs) of the viral genome. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences showed that all the RABV sequences in this study were of the Africa-2 lineage. Our results demonstrated that transboundary transmission of rabies lyssavirus is a key event, given that one of the RABV sequences (MN196576) clustered with rabies variants from neighboring Niger Republic. Furthermore, three RABVs from dogs from Anambra State clustered separately forming a novel and distinct group. Our results demonstrated that transboundary transmission of RABLVs is a key driver in the spread of rabies in West Africa. In order for the successful control of this zoonotic disease, a multinational stepwise surveillance and elimination of rabies in Africa by 2030 is probably the solution for regional elimination.
دور الرقابة البيئية للحد من تلوث مياه الشرب
Authors: سلمان نادية طالب
Published: January 2020

يستهدف البحث إلى إيجاد إجراءات رقابية للحد من تلوث مياه الشرب وما إذا كانت نظم المياه العمومية تراقب قنواتها بصورة مناسبة وإنها خالية من كل تلوث محاولة للحد من ظاهرة التلوث لمياه الشرب وبالتالي تأثيره على تحسين الوضع الصحي والاقتصادي . وأن الجانب العملي تناول الإطار المقترح  للحد من تلوث مياه الشرب في محافظة بغداد ودور الرقابة البيئية للحد من هذا التلوث وللقضاء على مشكلة توفير الماء الصالح للشرب في البلد .
PENGAPLIKASIAN PANEL SURYA PADA MOBIL LISTRIK
Authors: Syahyuniar Rusuminto
Published: January 2020

Perubahan sumber energi matahari dengan memanfaatkan panel surya menjadi sumber energi listrik yang terbarukan merupakan upaya untuk mengurangi konsumsi bahan bakar fosil, panel surya memiliki kelebihan yaitu mampu mengurangi polusi dan hemat energi jika diaplikasikan pada mobil listrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil pengukuran arus dan tegangan dari panel surya serta baterai sebagai sumber listrik untuk pengisian tenaga pada panel surya. Sistem panel surya mencakup 4 panel surya 50 Wp, 1 battray charge unit, 4 baterai 35 Ah, dan 1 motor listrik yang terpasang dalam mobil listrik. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan perancangan panel surya pada mobil listrik dengan kemiringan 45   agar nantinya panel surya mendapat cahaya matahari yang lebih besar. Maka dapat diperoleh hasil yaitu pengukuran dari pukul 07:00 – 17:00 dan nilai output panel surya ± 60.00 Volt dan Arus ± 23.00 A (fluktuasi nilai tegangan dan arus akan berubah berdasarkan waktu, cuaca dan lingkungan sekitar) sehingga daya yang dihasilkan pada  ± 10720,1 Watt, lama waktu pemakaian beban dari motor litrik daya yang dihasilakan dibagi dengan beban mobil listrik 10720,1 watt / 1680 watt maka akan mendapat 6,4 jam pemakaian mobil listrik.
Additive-Mediated Selective Oxidation of Alcohols to Esters via Synergistic Effect Using Single Cation Cobalt Catalyst Stabilized with Inorganic Ligand
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Yu Han , Wei Zheyu , Li Qi , Xuan Weimin , Wei Yongge
Published: January 2020

The direct catalytic oxidation of alcohols to esters is very appealing, but the economical-friendly catalysis systems are not yet well established. Herein, we show that a pure inorganic ligand-supported single-atomic cobalt compound, (NH
4
)
3
[CoMo
6
O
18
(OH)
6
] (simplified as CoMo
6
), could be used as a heterogeneous catalyst and effectively promote this type of reaction in the presence of 30% H
2
O
2
using KCl as an additive. The oxidative cross-esterification of various alcohols (aromatic and aliphatic) could be achieved under mild conditions in nearly all cases, affording the corresponding esters in high yields, including several drug molecules and natural products. Detailed studies have revealed that chloride ion is able to bind to the CoMo
6
to form a supramolecular dimer 2(CoMo
6
∙Cl), which can effectively catalyze the reaction
via
a synergistic effect from chloride ion and CoMo
6
. Mechanism studies and control reactions demonstrate that the esterification proceeds
via
the key oxidative immediate of aldehydes.
Determinants of Household Dietary Diversity in Bangladesh
Authors: Laskar Fahima Sumaiya , Rakib Muntaha
Published: January 2020

Dietary diversity is considered crucial for household welfare and also for carrying out other development activities. The emerging interest in household dietary diversity against dietary quantity presents an opportunity to estimate household food security. Based on secondary data, probit regression model was used to estimate the determinants of household dietary diversity in Bangladesh. The result suggests that household size, literacy of household head, total amount of land, married household head, total amount of remittance received and income of household head were major determinants in attainment of high dietary diversity. Government policies and intervention programs targeting the above variables may improve household dietary diversity which in turn may improve household food security.
INNOVATIVE PROVISION OF THE CARPATHIAN MACROREGION RECREATION SPHERE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Klyuchenko Adelina , Zhekalo Ganna Zhekalo
Published: January 2020

The existing disadvantages of the system of recreational development of the natural-resource base of the Carpathian macroregion require adequate measures, development of new mechanisms for rationalization of the use of recreational resources. First of all, it concerns the definition of goals, objectives and ways of implementing an innovative product as a strategic direction of economic development of recreational potential.
The article examines the market conditions for the establishment and functioning of the recreation and health industry. Strategic directions for improving the system of economic and environmental decision-making on the principles of sustainable development have been identified.
The authors set the priority components of innovative support for the development of the recreational economy. The basic principles of formation of strategy of ecologically oriented diversification of the market of recreational product in the Carpathian macroregion are offered, according to which the main goals of diversification of the studied market should be aimed at the conservation of natural components as the basis of resource potential, as well as ensuring the economic feasibility of diversification. The defined goal includes the search for rational resource alternatives, the efficient use of scarce resources, the spatial expansion of the market, the utilization of new production facilities and the provision of conditions for sustainability in the market.
The article substantiates the feasibility and basic directions of application of cluster mechanisms in the investigated sphere, since organized interaction between the cluster subjects on the basis of separately created cluster programs can ensure social-economic growth and ecological safety of the recreational sphere.
For optimal interaction between the subjects of ecological-oriented recreational clusters, in addition to economic mechanisms, innovative provision also requires a management and control system. Such an innovative product can be a controlling system. The relevant system significantly expands the organizational and institutional field of regulation of the process of the investigated resources reproduction, as it combines a number of components for planning and management of the recreational sphere development.
MODERN TRENDS OF INTERNET MARKETING
Authors: Turchyn Liuba , Ostroverhov Victor
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of Internet marketing, analyzes the use of Internet marketing tools, investigates the introduction of innovative Internet marketing trends in the activities of modern enterprises. Internet marketing tools have been reviewed and characterized, such as: SEO-optimization, ie search engine promotion; E-mail; advertising on social networks (SMM); contextual advertising, one of the most popular advertising methods on the Internet; banner advertising, graphic image is located on the website page Publisher; traffic arbitrage, purchase by a webmaster of traffic at a certain price for resale on better terms. The main trends that dominate the field of Internet marketing are identified and analyzed, namely: dynamic activation of mobile marketing, active use of web analytics, advertising in video format, influencer marketing (a strategy that requires special people to reach the desired audience), Email marketing, content marketing, Instagram promotion, chatbots and messengers, the transition from individualism to collaborative creativity. It is concluded that Internet technologies are changing the way companies interact with their employees, partners, competitors and suppliers, and Internet marketing is evolving with incredible speed, and only those who are able to change and adapt to new business conditions are catching up with new trends, think of a quality marketing strategy.
The authors find that with the development of society and the growth of progress in the whole business it is becoming increasingly difficult to promote their product or service, especially in the conditions of fierce competition. In fact, for a successful business, an entrepreneur must be an innovator, not afraid of changes in the organization of marketing activities. The business owner should monitor all the actions of his competitors, use all possible (legitimate) ways to achieve the goal, so the main goal is to increase the competitiveness of the company and increase its profits.
Marine Waste Analysis And Abundance of gastropods In Mangrove Ecosystem Tongkaina, North Sulawesi
Authors: Djohar M. Alaksmar , Boneka Farnis B. , Schaduw Joshian N. W. , Mandagi Stephanus V. , Roeroe Kakaskasen A. , Sumilat Deiske A.
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analyze the relation of marine debris to gastropods in the mangrove ecosystem. This research was conducted from October to December 2019 in the Tongkaina mangrove forest. The method used in this research is the line transects method with 2 different stations. Then do the data analysis of waste density, gastropod abundance index, frequency, diversity index, uniformity, and dominance. Then, analyzing a simple linear regression and correlation is performed to see the relationship between marine debris and gastropod abundance in a mangrove ecosystem. The results showed that the highest inorganic marine debris in the Tongkeina mangrove ecosystem is plastic and followed by cloth, wood, metal and the least was glass. The species of Gastropods found in the mangrove ecosystem are Littoraria scabra, Nerita undulata and Terebralia sulcata. The highest abundance of gastropod species was found at station 2 in transects 1 by Littoraria scraba. The results of the linear regression analysis show that there is a relationship between waste and abundance of gastropods. The increasing amount of waste, lower the abundance of gastropods. Where the correlation value is -0.20506.Keywords: Correlation; Marine debris; Gastropods; Mangrove Ecosystem. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis  hubungan  sampah laut terhadap gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2019 di hutan mangrove Tongkaina.  Metode yang digunakan adalah metode line transek dengan 2 stasiun berbeda. Kemudian dilakukan analisa data kepadatan sampah, indeks kelimpaha gastropoda, frekuensi, indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa regresi lineier sederhana serta korelasi untuk melihat hubungan yang terjadi antara sampah dan kelimpahan gastrooda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampah anorganik jenis plasik yang tertinggi di ekosistem mangrove pantai Tongkaina diikuti sampah jenis Kain, Kayu, Logam dan yang paling sedikit adalah sampah jenis kaca. Jenis gastropoda yang ditemukan di ekosistem mangrove yaitu Littoraria scabra, Nerita undulata dan Terebralia sulcata. Nilai kelimpahan jenis gastropoda tertinggi terdapat di stasiun 2 di transek 1 oleh Littoraria scraba. Hasil analisa regresi linier menunjukan bahawa ada hubungan yang terjadi  antara sampah dan kelimpahan gastropoda yang dilihat dari anlisis regresi linier sederhana. Semakin meningkatnya jumlah sampah maka semakin rendah kelimpahan gastropoda. Dimana nilai korelasinya sebesar -0.20506.Kata Kunci : Korelasi; Sampah Laut; Gastropoda; Ekosistem Mangrove.
Size, Length-Weight Relationship And Condition Factor Of Banggai Cardinal Fish, Pterapogon Kauderni Koumans, 1933 In Lembeh Strait North Sulawesi
Authors: Lempoy Rully , Rondonuwu Ari B. , Bataragoa Nego E.
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the size distribution and the relationship between length and weight and condition factors of Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) in the Lembeh Strait. Fish samples were obtained by using Chang Net in the Lembeh Strait. Total fish caught were 150 individuals from three sites namely Serena Besar Island, the waters in front of LIPI and the waters in front of Papusungan village with 50 fish each. The size distribution of Pterapogon kauderni fish ranges from 4.13 - 8.92 cm and dominated by the size class of 7.13 - 7.72 cm while the size class of 4.13 - 4.72 cm only contains 3 individuals. The length-weight relationship of male fish is W = 0.0285 L2.6496 (n = 77; R2 = 0.7231), and female fish W = 0.837 L2.0723 (n = 73; R2 = 0.6626).  The growth pattern analysis shows a negative allometric pattern both for males and females while the condition factors of male fish are 1.020 ± 0.202 and female 1.027 ± 0.236.Keywords: Kauderni pterapogon, distribution size, length-weight relationship, condition factorAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran dan hubungan panjang berat serta faktor kondisi ikan Capungan Banggai (Pterapogon kauderni) yang ada di Selat Lembeh. Sampel ikan diperoleh dengan cara ditangkap menggunakan Chang Net di Selat Lembeh. Total hasil tangkapan adalah 150 individu masing-masing 50 di Pulau Serena Besar, Perairan depan LIPI dan Perairan depan desa Papusungan. Sebaran ukuran ikan Pterapogon kauderni berkisar antara 4,13 – 8,92 cm dan didominasi oleh kelas ukuran 7,13 – 7,72 cm sedangkan kelas ukuran 4,13 – 4,72 cm hanya terdapat 3 individu. Hubungan panjang-berat ikan jantan adalah W = 0,0285L2,6496 & (n = 77 ; R2 = 0,7231), ikan betina W = 0,837L2,0723 (n = 73 ; R2 = 0,6626). Analisis pola pertumbuhan menunjukan pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatif  baik jantan maupun betina. sedangkan Faktor kondisi ikan jantan 1,020 ± 0,202 dan betina 1,027 ± 0,236.Kata kunci: Pterapogon kauderni, sebaran ukuran, panjang berat, faktor kondisi
Reduction of Specific Absorption Rate using carbon foam inside enclosures
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, R.M.K. Engineering College. Gummidipoondi, Tamil Nadu, India., Nareshkumar.M* Daniel , Blessy J.Janish ,   Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Velammal Institute of Technology. Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Nesakumar A Darwin ,   Assistant Professor, Department Of ECE, R.M.K. Engineering College, Gummidipoondi, Tamil Nadu, India., Venugopal Sadagopal ,   Principal Engineer at Microchip Technology (India) Pvt Ltd, Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

The interaction of a mobile antenna and a passenger is analyzed inside a metallic enclosure. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the passenger in the elevator using a mobile phone is calculated. A standardized model of human head is filled with liquid that simulates the RF absorption characteristics. The non-uniform mesh technique in frequency domain is employed to obtain 1g SAR [Specific Absorption Rate] and other important parameters. The mobile phone is modeled as a quarter wavelength Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA), and it is of .01m from the head. PIFA is operated at frequencies of 900 and 1800MHz with transmitting power .3 W . It is observed that the values of SAR inside the metallic enclosure exceeds the RF safety limits. Therefore, this project proposes a novel method to reduce the SAR by using carbon foam which absorbs microwave radiation. Simulated results have evidenced the efficiency of the proposed technique of SAR reduction inside the enclosures.
Land Cover Classification of Multispectral Remotely Sensed Data Based On Channel Relative Spatial Pattern
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India., Rama* M. Christy , Mahendran D. S. ,   Principal, Aditanar College of Arts and Science, Tiruchendur, Tamil Nadu, India, Kumar T. C. Raja ,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, St. Xavier’s College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2020

Land spread grouping of remotely detected pictures includes characterizing the satellite pictures into various land use/land spread classes, for example, water, urban region, crop land, backwoods and so on. To screen the ecological effects. Highlights like shading and surface assume a prevalent job in land spread grouping. Picking an appropriate shading space is a significant issue for shading picture order. The quality of various shading spaces, for example, RGB, HSV, LUV have been coordinated successfully to make sense of the element vector. In this paper, another Channel Relative Spatial Pattern (CRSP) is proposed for separating the surface highlights. The extricated highlights are prepared and tried with Random Forest (RF) classifier. Examinations were directed on IRS LISS IV datasets and the outcomes were assessed dependent on the disarray grid, characterization exactness and Kappa insights. The proposed surface example is additionally contrasted and the (LBP), (LDP) and (LTrP) surface techniques and the precision appraisal results have demonstrated exceptionally encouraging outcomes for the CRSP surface example.
Fracture Behavior of Carbon-Epoxy under Different Loading
Authors:   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala Institute of R& D Science and Technology Chennai-600062, India., Kumar* J. V. Sai Prasanna
Published: January 2020

Delamination is the common failures of composite material attributed to various reasons, most importantly the potential stiffness degradation leading to small flaws and subsequently theypropagate, and it becomes essential to characterize the new materials for interlaminar fracture. For the present study Carbon /epoxy system of IM7/8552 was investigated under mode I and mode II loading. Material was formed into unidirectional laminates with Teflon inserts at its mid length. The specimens were machined according to ASTM standards, Tests were executed on a quasi-static Intron 8225, with load control at 5 mm/ min and 2 m/min for the mode -I and mode-II respectively. The strain energy release rate was found to be GIC=0.266 kJ/m2 and GIIC=0.687 kJ/m2. Fiberbridging was prominently absent in the DCB samples Examination of the fracture surface by SEM at SAIF, in IIT{M) and the nature of the fracture surface revealed the typical failure mechanism pertaining to mode-I and mode-II failuremechanisms.
Developing New Insulation Building Materials Based on Clay and Ecological Additives
Authors:   Research Team in Thermal and Applied Thermodynamics, Faculty of Science and Technics Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco., Benallel* Abderrahim , Ouakarrouch Mohamed ,   Materials, Energy and Acoustics TEAM, Higher School of Technology in Salé, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco., Mellaikhafi Abdellah ,   Research Team in Thermal and Applied Thermodynamics, Faculty of Science and Technics Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco., Tilioua Amine ,   Research Team in Thermal and Applied Thermodynamics, Faculty of Science and Technics Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco.
Published: January 2020

The thermal performance of exterior walls is considered as a key factor to improving energy efficiency in buildings, especially in areas with cold climates in winter and warm climates in summer. As part of this study, and whose building materials are known for their low thermal properties. The X-ray diffraction was performed on the clay material and the different fibers in order to determine their crystallinity. An experimental characterization of thermophysical properties of a new biocomposites material for the sustainable buildings construction in southern Morocco is presented. These materials can be used as mortar for ceilings and exterior walls. To this end, several samples were prepared from clay extracted from the Errachidia region (south-east Morocco) and three mass fractions of alfa, fig and reed fibers (20%, 40% and 60%). The thermal characterization method adopted is that of the highly insulated thermal house. The results revealed that the incorporation of alfa, fig and reed fibers into the clay matrix allowed a remarkable reduction in apparent density and thermal conductivity. This result shows the interest of using this biocomposite material in construction buildings to ensure thermal comfort and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Dynamics of Host-Parasite Models with Harvesting of Parasites and Partial Cover for Host
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences, Sehore, Bhopal-Indore Road, Madhya Pradesh, India., Srinivasulu* T. , Meena Dr. V. ,   Research Guide, Department of Mathematics, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology & Medical Sciences, Sehore, Bhopal Indore Road, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published: January 2020

Modeling might be viewed like a knowledge concerning with the communication among other topics and mathematics, theoretical discipline on a number of elements of the daily world. Mathematical models take to be crucial resources in iterative methods and biological investigations of info collection. Mathematical models take to be crucial resources in bioticsurveys with an iterative process of info collection. The experimental investigation as well as the theoretical model is usually a crucial element in developing tests and in the interpretation of information. Parasites are actually the organisms which feed on their hosts or host immediately upon it, at some point resulting in the death of host species.
Information and Communication Technology as a Potential Tool for the Implementation of Electronic Government
Authors:   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Gauhati University, Assam, India., Gogoi* Priyanka
Published: January 2020

E- Governance or Electronic Governance is playing a vital role in the 21st century. The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is the essential part of e- governance for delivering governmental services, transaction of communication, exchange of information between the citizen to government and government to business hubs etc. This study will focus on the effects and implementation of ICT in system of e- governance to bring a means of transparent, accountable, simple, responsive and moral governance. In other words the application of ICT is very important for the implementation of various governmental policies more effectively which will reduce the gap between the government and citizens. It is noteworthy that e- governance is an effective way to remove corruption and to make the public delivery system hassle-free which will establish a kind of “SMART” governance. The basic purpose of this paper is to focus on the role and importance of ICT in the system of electronic governance which will ensure the good governance.
891 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication (BEIESP) © Copyright: All rights reserved. Retrieval Number: B7821129219/2020©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B7821.019320 Journal Website: www.ijitee.org Gain Error end DNL for Testing ADCs: Optimization in Time Domain
Authors:   Associate Professor, EEE Department, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur (M.P.), India., Jain* Dr. Manish , Kumawat Prof. R P ,   Assistant Professor, EEE Department, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur (M.P.), India.
Published: January 2020

Optimization in ADC is an important component which predicts overall accuracy of a system using it. Signals are in real time nature and it is necessary to convert these signals in digital form to interpret with digital form of signals and microcomputer based systems. ADC is used to carry out these conversions process from analog to digital. Determination of parameters of an ADC such as DNL, INL, SNR and ENOB are necessary for complete dynamic analysis and characterization of ADC. In frequently, application prerequisite input to an Analog to digital converter is time varying which requires determination of its parameters at corresponding frequency and different test conditions In order to test an ADC, it is necessary to first determine its code transition levels. Further Gain error, DNL are estimated using code transition level based on histogram technique. If there is an code transition level error introduced then effect of this error leads to error in estimate of gain, offset, DNL and ENOB. Further estimation of variance in different parameter values is analyzed in the proposed work.
Content Based Image Retrieval using Collaborative Color, Texture and Shape Features
Authors:   Department of E&TC, D. Y. Patil College of Engineering, Akurdi, Pune, India., Bhangale* Kishor B. , K. Dr. Mohanaprasad ,   School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

Selection of feature extraction method is incredibly recondite task in Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). In this paper, CBIR is implemented using collaboration of color; texture and shape attribute to improve the feature discriminating property. The implementation is divided in to three steps such as preprocessing, features extraction, classification. We have proposed color histogram features for color feature extraction, Local Binary Pattern (LBP) for texture feature extraction, and Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) for shape attribute extraction. For the classification support vector machine classifier is applied. Experimental results show that combination of all three features outperforms the individual feature or combination of two feature extraction techniques.