bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unified Register of Expert Personnel: Basis for Ensuring the Quality of Forensic Activities and a Verified Resource for Law Enforcement Agencies
Authors: Antilevskaya Yu. A.
Published: August 2023

The paper is devoted to improving the provision and quality control of forensic activities in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretically and practically significant proposals for the creation of a Unified Register of Forensic Expert Personnel and a Unified Register of Forensic Expert Organizations. The methodological basis of the study comprises general scientific methods of cognition, namely analysis, synthesis and modeling; private scientific methods, namely analogy, statistical and comparative legal. The author proposes to create a Unified Register of Forensic Organizations and a Unified Register of Forensic Experts on the basis of the digital platform of the Federal Accreditation Service in the Federal State Information System in the Field of Accreditation (FSIS Rosaccreditation) within the framework of the new mechanism previously proposed by the author for accrediting forensic organizations in the National System Russian accreditation. The scientific and practical significance lies in the proposal, not previously covered in the literature, to create a single verified resource of expert personnel for law enforcement agencies on the basis of a digital platform of a supradepartmental independent body.
Can venous blood gas be used instead of arterial blood gas in emergency department?
Authors: ERDOĞAN Yakup Kadri , KARAKUŞ Ali
Published: August 2023

Objective: In our study, we aimed to evaluate the usability of venous blood gas (VBG) in substitution for arterial blood gas (ABG).

Methods: In this study, 110 patients with respiratory complaints, who were brought intubated were evaluated prospectively. Arterial and venous blood gases were taken simultaneously shortly before the initiation of oxygen therapy in the emergency department. PH, pO2, pCO2, SaO2, HCO3, lactate (Lac) and BEecf values were recorded.

Results: Of the 110 patients included in the study, 75 were male (68.2%), 35 were female (31.8%), and they had a mean age of 53.7 ± 23.1 years. A strong positive correlation between PH, PCO2, HCO3-, BEecf, Lac values (p=0.001) and positive correlation between PO2 and SaO2 values (p= 0.002) were detected.

Conclusion: We can conclude that venous blood gas be used in substitution for arterial blood gas in patients who are presented to emergency service and it may reduce the need for arterial blood gas sampling.
Evaluation of family physicians’ knowledge level, attitudes and behaviours on Asthma, COPD
Authors: YILDIZ Ahmet , KUŞ Celal , GÜMÜŞTAKIM Raziye Şule , ERYILMAZ Mustafa Emre
Published: August 2023

Objective: The most common complaints about chest diseases that we encounter in family practice centers are of asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thus, it was aimed to evaluate the attitudes, behaviors and knowledge level of family physicians on asthma and COPD.

Methods: Our research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Our study was conducted between September-November 2019 by including family physicians, family physician research assistants and family physician specialists. 387 physicians participated in the study. The 35-question survey in our study consists of sociodemographic data and consists of questions aiming to evaluate the knowledge level, attitudes and behaviors on asthma-COPD.

Results: A total of 387 family physicians including 251 family physicians, 31 family physician specialists and 105 family physician research assistants were included in this study. When the rates of using the spirometry device in suspected asthma-COPD, were compared, the difference between family medicine research assistants and family physicians was found to be statistically significant (p
Peningkatan Aktivitas Kencan Online di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Balqis Naura Adzillina , Noorrizki Rakhmaditya Dewi
Published: August 2023

Abstract: One of the phenomena that occurred during the Covid – 19 pandemic was the increase in online dating activity. When compared to previous years, there is a very high increase in the use of online dating access, such as Tinder, Bumble, and Hinge applications. This also brings huge benefits to the holder of online dating access. The purpose of the researcher here is to find out what causes this phenomenon to occur with previous theories. The theory used is the theories proposed by Finkel, Toma, Hancock, and other genius inventors written in the book entitled Social Psychology by Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers and Social Psychology Book An Introduction by Dr. Fatah Hanurawan. Not only that, researchers also use the data that has been collected to find the cause of the phenomenon that occurs.

Keywords: online dating; pandemic; factors causing an increase in online dating

Abstrak: Salah satu fenomena yang terjadi saat pandemi Covid-19 terjadi adalah peningkatan aktivitas kencan online. Apabila dibandingkan dengan tahun- tahun sebelumnya, terdapat peningkatan yang sangat tinggi pada penggunaan akses kencan online, seperti aplikasi Tinder, Bumble, dan Engsel. Hal ini pun membawa keuntungan yang sangat besar kepada pemegang akses kencan online tersebut. Tujuan peneliti di sini ialah untuk mencari tahu apa saja penyebab fenomena ini terjadi dengan teori-teori terdahulu. Teori yang digunakan ialah teori-teori yang dicetuskan oleh Finkel, Toma, Hancock, dan penemu-penemu genius lainnya yang tertulis di dalam buku berjudul Social Psychology karya Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers serta buku Psikologi Sosial Suatu Pengantar oleh Dr. Fattah Hanurawan. Tidak hanya itu, peneliti juga menggunakan data-data yang telah terkumpulkan untuk mencari penyebab dari fenomena yang terjadi.

Kata kunci: kencan online; pandemi;  faktor penyebab peningkatan kencan online
Pengaruh Evaluasi Diri Terhadap Kepercayaan Diri Dalam Pergaulan di Masa Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Faizin Nur Auliya Rahmah , Noorrizki Rakhmaditya Dewi
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In 2020, the COVID-19 virus was declared to have entered Indonesia. The World Health Organization has designated COVID-19 as a pandemic. President Joko Widodo decided to impose large-scale social restrictions (PSBB), activities in schools and workplaces were closed and activities in public places or facilities and religious places were also restricted. Online learning as an alternative to learning is immediately implemented so that students continue to get an education and can still interact with friends and teachers even though they are quarantining at home during a pandemic. Online learning which initially became a new experience for students then began to bring up one by one obstacles, one of which was the lack of interaction by students with the social environment. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors causing the lack of social interaction of students with their social environment and determine whether self-evaluation can affect self-confidence and can be a solution to increase self-confidence. The method used in this article is literature review. It was found that the lack of social interaction caused by lack of intense communication with peers, lack of social support, and self-evaluation was influential in increasing self-confidence.

Keywords: self-confidence; self-evaluation; online learning; social interaction

Abstrak: Pada tahun 2020, virus COVID-19 dinyatakan telah masuk ke Indonesia. World Health Organization telah menetapkan status COVID-19 sebagai pandemi. Presiden Joko Widodo memutuskan untuk memberlakukan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), kegiatan di sekolah dan tempat kerja diliburkan lalu kegiatan di tempat atau fasilitas umum dan tempat keagamaan juga dibatasi. Pembelajaran daring sebagai alternatif pembelajaran segera dilaksanakan agar para pelajar tetap mendapatkan pendidikan dan tetap dapat berinteraksi dengan teman dan juga para guru meskipun sedang melakukan karantina di rumah disaat pandemi. Pembelajaran daring yang awalnya menjadi pengalaman baru bagi para pelajar kemudian mulai memunculkan satu persatu hambatan, salah satunya kurangnya interaksi oleh para siswa dengan lingkungan sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab kurangnya interaksi sosial siswa dengan lingkungan sosialnya dan mengetahui apakah evaluasi diri dapat mempengaruhi kepercayaan diri serta dapat menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah literature review. Ditemukan hasil bahwa kurangnya interaksi sosial disebabkan oleh kurangnya komunikasi yang intens dengan teman sebaya, kurangnya dukungan sosial, serta evaluasi diri berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan diri.

Kata kunci: kepercayaan diri; evaluasi diri; pembelajaran daring; interaksi sosial
Akun Alter: Cara Baru Presentasi Diri di Media Sosial
Authors: Syavitri Risya Meidhina , Noorrizki Rakhmaditya Dewi
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In the modern era, the development of Science and technology brought many changes in people's lives. Internet and social media which is a product of the development of information and communication technology emerged to facilitate interaction between people. In interacting, humans will form a self-presentation to be accepted by society, both naturally and artificially. Today, social media offers a variety of convenience for its users to form a self-presentation as desired by operating more than one account in the same device. This is what then causes the emergence of anonymous accounts without identity or commonly known as alter accounts. This study aims to identify the form of self-presentation strategies such as what the alter account users have.  This study was conducted using the literature review method. The results of the literature review revealed that alter account users use self-presentation strategies ingratiation, intimidation, and self-promotion. Most alter account owners avoid disclosing information that could indicate identity, but dare to express personal opinions that may be controversial.

Keywords: alter accounts; self presentation; social media

Abstrak: Di era modern, perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi membawa banyak perubahan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Internet dan media sosial yang merupakan produk dari perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi muncul untuk mempermudah interaksi antar manusia. Dalam berinteraksi, manusia akan membentuk presentasi diri untuk bisa diterima masyarakat, baik secara alami maupun dibuat-buat. Dewasa ini, media sosial menawarkan beragam kemudahan bagi para penggunanya untuk membentuk presentasi diri sesuai keinginan dengan mengoperasikan lebih dari satu akun dalam perangkat yang sama. Hal inilah yang kemudian menyebabkan munculnya akun-akun anonim tanpa identitas atau yang biasa dikenal dengan istilah akun alter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan bentuk strategi presentasi diri seperti apa yang dimiliki para pengguna akun alter.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode review literatur. Hasil dari kajian literatur mengungkapkan bahwa pengguna-pengguna akun alter menggunakan strategi presentasi diri ingratiation, intimidation, dan self-promotion. Kebanyakan pemilik akun alter menghindari mengemukakan informasi yang bisa menunjukkan identitas, namun berani mengemukakan pendapat personal yang mungkin bersifat kontroversial.

Kata kunci: akun alter; presentasi diri; media sosial
Dampak Ketiadaan Figur Ayah pada Gender Role Development Seorang Anak
Authors: Putri Raissa Dwifandra , Rahmi Yaumul , Armalid Ikhwanul Ihsan
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The absence of a father figure is a factor for a child to be involved in social problems, which is like juvenile delinquency. The father plays an important role in the family, namely as a breadwinner, protector, friend, role model, moral guide, teacher, and as an important agent for gender role development of a child. This study aims to examine the impact of the father absence on a child's gender-role development. Research method that used by conducting literature studies related to the research topic, namely the absence of a father figure and the gender role development of a child. Based on the results of a literature review, several impacts were found from the absence of a father figure on a child's gender role development. Nevertheless, other studies also show that there is no difference in the a child's gender role development between children who have a father figure or not. Because most of children who do not have a father figure are found to look for other male figures outside the home as their role models or found their mother as a complete figure for them. Therefore, it is important for parents to be a good role model for their child because this can affect the development of their child, especially in the role of gender role development.

Keywords: father absence; gender role; children

Abstrak: Ketiadaan figur Ayah menjadi salah satu faktor bagi seorang anak terlibat dalam masalah sosial, salah satunya seperti kenalakan remaja. Ayah memberikan peran penting dalam keluarga, yaitu sebagai pencari nafkah, pelindung, teman, model, penuntun moral, guru, serta merupakan agen penting dalam gender role development seorang anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak ketiadaan figur Ayah pada gender-role development seorang anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini  dengan melakukan studi literatur yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian, yaitu ketiadaan figur ayah dan gender role development seorang anak. Berdasarkan hasil kajian pustaka, didapatkan beberapa dampak dari ketiadaan figur ayah pada gender role development seorang anak. Meskipun demikian, studi – studi lain juga menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan perkembangan gender role anak antara anak yang memiliki figur ayah maupun tidak. Sebab anak – anak yang tidak memiliki figur ayah ditemukan bahwa dapat mencari figur laki – laki lain di luar rumah sebagai role modelnya atau melihat ibunya sebagai sosok role model yang diperlukan. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi orang tua untuk dapat menjadi role model bagi seorang anak karena hal ini dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan seorang anak, khususnya dalam perananan gender role developmentnya.

Kata kunci: ketiadaan figur ayah; gender role; anak
Body Appreciation Pada Perempuan Dewasa Awal yang Aktif Menggunakan Media Sosial
Authors: Ashgarie Rayza Ilfie Azkya , Ikhsan Muhamad Farid Fadjadil , Amelia P Chariesma , Nurmalitasari Femmi
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Masa dewasa awal merupakan masa yang penuh gejolak dan perubahan, baik secara fisik ataupun psikis. Berbagai tantangan perlu dilewati oleh para dewasa awal agar dapat menjadi orang dewasa yang mandiri dan bertanggung jawab. Dalam konteks ini, perempuan memiliki kesulitan tersendiri dalam menangani tantangan yang berkaitan dengan fisik alias citra tubuh. Citra tubuh merupakan bagaimana individu memandang diri mereka. Jika pada penelitian terdahulu seringkali yang diangkat citra tubuh negatif atau body dissatisfaction yang dirasakan, maka penelitian kali ini mencoba mencari sejauh mana apresiasi tubuh yang dilakukan oleh para perempuan dewasa awal ketika mereka secara aktif menggunakan media sosial. Media sosial digunakan sebagai variabel sebab citra tubuh paling sering berubah karena terdampak dari media sosial, membandingkan diri misalnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan subjek sejumlah 42 orang yang diperoleh melalui purposive sampling ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa sebagian besar subjek masih memiliki tingkat body appreciation yang baik yakni tinggi dan sangat tinggi, terlepas dirinya menjadi pengguna aktif media sosial. Salah satu yang mempengaruhi kemungkinan usia yang semakin matang sehingga lebih mampu meregulasi emosi dan perilakunya. Diharapkan kecenderungan ini akan bertahan agar para perempuan dewasa awal ini tumbuh menjadi orang dewasa yang penuh kepercayaan diri.

Keywords: dewasa awal; citra tubuh; apresiasi tubuh; penyusunan instrumen psikologi

Abstrak: Early adulthood is a period full of turmoil and change, both physically and psychologically. Various challenges need to be passed by early adults to become adults who are independent and responsible. In this context, women have their own difficulties in dealing with challenges related to physique, aka body image. Body image is how individuals perceive themselves If in previous studies it was often raised negative body image or perceived body dissatisfaction, this research tries to find out the extent to which early adult women appreciate the body when they actively use social media. Social media is used as a variable because body image changes most often due to the impact of social media, comparing oneself for example. The research was conducted using a quantitative method with a total of 42 subjects obtained through purposive sampling. This resulted in the conclusion that most of the subjects still had a good level of body appreciation, in level high and very high, regardless of being an active user of social media. One that affects the possibility of a more mature age so that it is more able to regulate its emotions and behavior. It is hoped that this trend will persist as these early adult women grow into confident adults.

Kata kunci: early adulthood; body image; body appreciation; psychological instrument
Literatur Review: Working memory dan Kesulitan Belajar Matematika
Authors: Asfari Nur Amin Barokah , Rahmi Yaumul
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Math is still considered a difficult subject, especially in Indonesia, whether at the elementary, junior, or senior high school level. Even though in Indonesia, mathematics is one of the compulsory subjects at each level of education. Difficulties in learning mathematics cause obstacles in the mathematics learning process. Students who experience obstacles in mastering one mathematical concept will tend to experience difficulties in subsequent concepts. Like a snowball, if the concept cannot be mastered, students will have difficulty in understanding the next concept. As a result, more and more concepts will not be achieved. One factor that is considered to be related to learning difficulties in mathematics is working memory. This study aims to examine the role of working memory in students' math difficulties. The method used in this study is a literature review of various references and research journals. As a result, working memory has a role in students' math learning difficulties. Age differences affect the role of the contribution of the working memory component in these math learning difficulties.

Keywords: working memory, math difficulties

Abstrak: Matematika masih dianggap sebagai pelajaran yang sulit, khususnya di Indonesia, baik di tingkat SD, SMP, atau SMA. Padahal di Indonesia, matematika menjadi salah satu mata pelajaran wajib di setiap jenjang pendidikan tersebut. Kesulitan dalam belajar matematika menimbulkan hambatan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika. Siswa yang mengalami hambatan dalam menguasai satu konsep matematika akan cenderung mengalami kesulitan pada konsep-konsep selanjutnya. Ibarat bola salju, apabila konsep tersebut belum bisa dikuasai, siswa akan mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami konsep berikutnya. Akibatnya, akan semakin banyak konsep yang tidak akan bisa dicapai. Salah satu faktor yang dianggap berkaitan dengan kesulitan belajar matematika adalah working memory. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran working memory dalam kesulitan matematika (math difficulties) pada siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah literatur review dari berbagai referensi dan jurnal penelitian. Hasilnya, working memory memiliki peran dalam kesulitan belajar matematika pada siswa. Perbedaan usia mempengaruhi peran kontribusi komponen working memory pada kesulitan belajar matematika ini.

Kata kunci: working memory, kesulitan belajar matematika
Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusif di PAUD
Authors: Fatmawiyati Jati , Permata Resi Shaumia Ratu Eka
Published: August 2023

Abstract: PAUD education is held to provide opportunities for children with special needs to obtain learning on a par with normal children. PAUD education also helps children with special needs to be able to develop their potential as much as possible. This study aims to determine the implementation of inclusive education in PAUD ACR  in terms of the principles of implementing PAUD inclusive education established by the Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini.  This research uses a qualitative approach. The results showed that the implementation of PAUD ACR  was in accordance with the principles of PAUD education including those contained in the Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Inklusif from the Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. The principles of providing education at PAUD ACR are quite consistent with the principles of curriculum development, learning principles, infrastructure, learning evaluation, procedures for admitting students with special needs, human resources, the ratio of students with special needs in study groups, parental involvement, and evaluating the implementation of inclusive PAUD.

 

Abstrak: Pendidikan inklusif pada lembaga PAUD diselenggarakan sebagai upaya untuk memberikan kesempatan kepada anak berkebutuhan khusus untuk memperoleh pembelajaran yang setara  dengan anak reguler lainnya serta memungkinkan anak untuk dapat menyalurkan potensi yang dimilikinya sedini mungkin.  Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif di PAUD ACR ditinjau dari prinsip-prinsip  penyelenggaraan  pendidikan PAUD inklusif yang ditetapkan oleh Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan metode  observasi, wawancara serta didukung dokumentasi. Data pada penelitian ini dianalisis dengan cara reduksi data, model data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Subjek penelitian ini antara lain kepala sekolah PAUD ACR, Guru Penanggung Jawab Kelas, serta wali murid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan PAUD ACR telah cukup sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip  penyelenggaraan  pendidikan PAUD inklusif yang tertuang dalam Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Inklusif dari Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Prinsip yang cukup sesuai mulai dari penyusunan kurikulum, prinsip pembelajaran, sarana prasarana evaluasi pembelajaran, prosedur penerimaan siswa ABK, sumber daya manusia, rasio siswa ABK dalam rombongan belajar, keterlibatan orangtua, serta evaluasi penyelenggaraan PAUD Inklusif.
Dinamika Perkembangan Anak ditinjau dari Dampak Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT)
Authors: Permata Resi Shaumia Ratu Eka
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Domestic Violence (KDRT) is the behavior of hurting and injuring physically and psychologically or emotionally which can result in unwanted pain and distress by the injured party within the scope of the family, namely the relationship between husband and wife, children, people living in the same house, as well as to other family members. The purpose of this study is to determine the dynamics of child development in terms of the impact of Domestic Violence (KDRT), especially on children's cognitive, language and socio-emotional development. The research method uses a systematic literature review based on research for the last 10 years (2013-2023). The results of the study found that the domestic violence by parents had a negative impact on all aspects of the dynamics of children's development, both from cognitive, socio-emotional and language development. It can be concluded that domestic violence has a serious influence on the dynamics of child development. Intervention measures such as cognitive behavioral therapy for the recovery of traumatic experiences can be carried out in collaboration between the child and his caregiver. In addition, parents can take preventive actions as an effort to prevent domestic violence in their children's environment by applying positive parenting patterns.

 

Abstrak: Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) merupakan perilaku menyakiti dan mencederai secara fisik dan psikis atau emosional yang dapat mengakibatkan adanya rasa sakit serta distress yang tidak dikehendaki oleh pihak yang disakiti dalam ruang lingkup keluarga, yakni hubungan antar pasangan suami istri, anak, orang tinggal serumah, maupun kepada anggota keluarga lainnya. KDRT memberikan dampak terhadap berbagai aspek perkembangan anak, serta memiliki kerentanan untuk mengalami gangguan stress, depresi, dan trauma. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dinamika perkembangan anak ditinjau dari dampak Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT), khususnya pada perkembangan kognitif, bahasa, dan sosio-emosional anak. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literature review berdasarkan penelitian 10 tahun terakhir (2013-2023). Hasil penelitian dapat ditemukan bahwa perilaku kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) yang dilakukan orangtua memberikan dampak yang buruk pada semua aspek dinamika perkembangan anak, baik dari perkembangan kognitif, sosio-emosional, dan bahasanya. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa KDRT memberikan pengaruh yang serius pada dinamika perkembangan anak. Tindakan intervensi seperti terapi kognitif perilaku untuk pemulihan pengalaman traumatis dapat dilakukan dengan kerjasama antara anak dan pengasuhnya. Selain itu, tindakan preventif dapat dilakukan oleh orangtua sebagai upaya menghindari terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dalam lingkungan anak dengan menerapkan pola pengasuhan yang positif.
Kelainan Down Syndrome Ditinjau dari Aspek Neurobiological dan Intelligence
Authors: Nasywa Achmad  , Putri Damayanti Sulistyo  , Ranita Arindra Rosanti  , Iqlima Pratiwi
Published: August 2023

Down syndrome is a disorder caused by the presence of trisomy on the 21st chromosome. People with this disorder show differences in physical characteristics, general intelligence, and other aspects. Research shows that the risk factors for Down syndrome vary between regions and demographic characteristics. Genetic disorders are one of the causes of intellectual disability, which can also lead to the risk of developing infections, autoimmune disorders, and hematological and oncological abnormalities. This study aims to explore more deeply related to Down syndrome from a neurobiological and intelligence perspective. By writing this research, it is hoped that the general public will be able to understand Down syndrome, starting from the causes and effects. The method used in making this article is a literature review, by searching on Google Scholar with several keywords that match the research objectives. The results of the data collection show that neurobiologically, Down syndrome has many dysfunctions in the organs of the body that impact many aspects, one of which is an abnormality in the aspect of intelligence.

AbstrakDown syndrome merupakan kelainan yang disebabkan oleh adanya trisomi pada kromosom ke-21. Penderita kelainan ini menunjukkan perbedaan ciri fisik, kecerdasan secara umum, dan aspek-aspek lainnya. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko dari kelainan down syndrome ini beragam antarwilayah dan karakterisitik demografis. Kelainan genetik menjadi salah satu penyebab dari adanya disabilitas intelektual, yang juga dapat berisiko akan perkembangan infeksi, gangguan autoimun, dan abnormalitas hematologi serta onkologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi lebih dalam terkait down syndrome jika ditinjau dari aspek neurobiologis dan intelegensi. Dengan dituliskannya penelitian ini, diharapkan bahwa khalayak umum mampu memahami terkait down syndrome mulai dari penyebab dan akibat. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan artikel ini ialah literature review, melalui pencarian pada Google Scholar dengan beberapa kata kunci yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Hasil dari pengumpulan data menunjukkan bahwasanya secara neurobiologis, down syndrome memiliki banyak disfungsi pada organ-organ tubuh yang berdampak pada banyak aspek, salah satunya kelainan pada aspek inteligensi.
Evaluation of clinical abdominal scoring system for predicting outcomes of blunt abdominal trauma
Authors: Yordanius Nico Odolf , Wiargitha I Ketut , Golden Nyoman , Periadijaya I Wayan , Sudarsa I Wayan , Niryana I Wayan
Published: August 2023

Background Trauma has been called the neglected disease of modern society and the most common cause of death under 45 years. Determining the optimal prospective course of action may be aided by the adoption of a scoring system to evaluate urgent laparotomy intervention. A quick and easy technique to identify whether there are any intra-abdominal injuries is to use the clinical abdominal scoring system (CASS). The objective of this study was to evaluate CASS in predicting the outcomes in patients with blunt abdominal trauma (BAT).
Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted involving 80 patients with suspected BAT that arrived at the emergency department. All patients with suspected BAT were scored using CASS and radiological investigations that were done in the ED. The decision to proceed with the surgery would be made if the patient had CASS >12 and/or if the radiological investigation showed features of BAT such as air under the diaphragm.
Results Mean CASS score was 10.28 ± 1.340. The majority of the subjects (75 or 93.5%) had successful laparotomies, whereas only five (6.3%) had unsuccessful ones. Injuries to the spleen (42.6%), and liver (32%), combined injuries to the spleen and liver (2.6%), intestine (16%), pancreas (1.3%), bladder (4%), and kidneys (1.5%) were all found in positive laparotomies. The CASS has specificity of 60%, sensitivity of 80%, PPV 96.7%, and NPV 16.6%.
Conclusions According to our data results, The CASS has a poor ability to predict the need for laparotomy in cases of blunt abdominal injuries as it shows low specificity.
Do Behavioral Drivers Matter for Healthcare Decision-making in Times of Crisis?: A study of Low-Income Women in El Salvador During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bernal Pedro , Daga Giuliana , Kossuth Lajos , Lopez Boo Florencia
Published: August 2023

Understanding health-seeking behaviors and their drivers is key for governments to manage health policies. There is a growing literature on the role of cognitive biases and heuristics in health and care-seeking behaviors, but little is known of how they might be influenced during a context of heightened anxiety and uncertainty. This study analyzes the relationship between four behavioral predictors the internal locus of control, impatience, optimism bias, and aspirations and healthcare decisions among low-income women in El Salvador. We find positive associations between internal locus of control and preventive health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic (use of masks, distance, hand washing, and COVID-19 vaccination) and in general (prenatal checkups, iron-rich diets for children and hypertension tests). Measures of impatience negatively correlate with COVID-19 prevention behaviors and mothers micronutrient treatment adherence for children, and optimism bias and educational aspirations with healthcare-seeking behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some associations were more robust during the pandemic, suggesting that feelings of uncertainty and stress could enhance behavioral drivers influence on health-related behaviors, a novel and relevant finding in the literature relevant for the design of policy responses for future shocks.
Trusting Covid-19 recommendations: The role of experts, markets and governments
Authors: Albornoz Facundo , Cruces Guillermo , Lombardi María
Published: August 2023

Do individuals trust experts' advice? Does the sector represented by these experts matter for trust and compliance? Do individuals prefer the public or the private sector for large-scale responses to events such as the pandemic? We answer these questions by means of a large-scale survey on a representative sample of 9,444 respondents from Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay. We study if opinions on risk-mitigating actions against Covid-19 are shaped by expert recommendations and the sectors they represent. We identify a backlash against experts' recommendations that is robust across expert sectors and countries, and more pronounced for recommendations that require more effort to implement. We also find that, even for individuals with a low level of trust in the public sector, there is widespread agreement that governments should be preferred over the private sector to lead the production and distribution of vaccines. Most respondents, even those expressing distrust in governments, believe that governments should get involved in producing the vaccine for Covid-19, either exclusively or in a partnership with the private sector. This result is stronger for the distribution of the vaccine than for its production.
Cardiac biomarkers comparison between acute myocarditis/myopericarditis and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: DUMAN Derya , KARPUZ Derya
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Acute myocarditis/myopericarditis is a heterogeneous disorder of unknown origin, the viral etiology leading the first row. There could be also myocardial involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). In this study, we aimed to investigate cardiac biomarkers of acute myocarditis/myopericarditis and MIS-C and to compare these parameters between the two diseases.
Methods: Patients who are diagnosed with MIS-C, isolated viral myocarditis/myopericarditis at a university hospital from October 2021 to March 2023 are included in this study.
Results: There were 38 MIS-C patients and 53 patients with myocarditis/myopericarditis. The mean age was 141.2 ± 38.2 months (4 to 18 years old) in MISC, and 145.8 ± 52.1 months (7 to 18 years old) in myocarditis/myopericarditis. Median troponin I level was 145 ng/L in MIS-C patients and it was 901 ng/L in myocarditis/myopericarditis patients. Creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) median was 2.25 ng/mL (0.6-6.3) versus 6.7 ng/mL in MIS-C and myocarditis/myopericarditis, respectively. Pro Brain natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP) median level was 2714.5 pg/mL (<300) in MIS-C, and it was 294 in patients with myocarditis/myopericarditis. Troponin I, CK-MB was significantly higher in myocarditis/myopericarditis, while Pro-BNP was significantly higher in MIS-C patients (p < 0.05). The separating power of CK-MB, troponin I, and Pro-BNP level was significantly higher in the differential diagnosis of these two group patients (p < 0.001). MIS-C patients with high pro-BNP levels had more prolonged hospitalization and left ventricular function impairment according to myocarditis/myopericarditis.
Conclusions: Cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB, troponin I, and Pro-BNP) could be good markers to estimate the course of the diseases.
Efektywność działań powiatowych urzędów pracy w zmniejszaniu bezrobocia w makroregionie centralnym Polski w 2021 roku
Authors: Kucharski Adam , Lekka-Porębska Ilona
Published: August 2023

Z punktu widzenia rynku pracy i gospodarki w ogóle rok 2021 wyraźnie różni się od ostatnich kilku lat. Najważniejszym tego powodem jest zniesienie ograniczeń wprowadzonych w związku z pandemią wywołaną przez wirus SARS‑CoV–2. Jednym ze skutków serii obostrzeń było pogorszenie sytuacji na rynku pracy, który również powoli zaczął się odtwarzać. W niniejszym artykule postanowiliśmy przybliżyć sytuację na rynku pracy makroregionu centralnego w Polsce w 2021 roku oraz zbadać efektywność działań podejmowanych w celu ograniczenia bezrobocia przez powiatowe urzędy pracy na wspomnianym obszarze. Badanie efektywności zostało przeprowadzone za pomocą modelu DEA, uwzględniającego niekontrolowalne wyniki. Następnie oceniono istotność i siłę wpływu zmiennych opisujących regionalne uwarunkowania na wskaźnik efektywności z modelu DEA za pomocą modelu tobitowego. Dane pochodziły z wojewódzkich i powiatowych urzędów pracy, GUS‑u oraz Ministerstwa Rodziny i Polityki Społecznej. Przeprowadzone badanie wykazało, że w 2021 roku – w porównaniu z rokiem 2020 – sytuacja na rynku pracy się poprawiła. W makroregionie centralnym zaczęło spadać bezrobocie, choć zmiany te nie przebiegały jednakowo we wszystkich powiatach. Tylko jedna piąta powiatowych urzędów pracy w optymalny sposób przekształcała nakłady w wyniki. W pozostałych urzędach często występowała bardzo silna efektywność. Model tobitowy wskazał, które zmienne w istotny sposób wpływają na efektywność powiatowych urzędów pracy. Zdaniem autorów nieefektywność urzędów pracy nie wynika wyłącznie ze stosowanych przez nie rozwiązań. Po ustąpieniu pandemii na rynku pracy dały się zaobserwować niekorzystne zjawiska, na które urzędy mają znikomy lub wręcz żaden wpływ. Zaliczamy do nich duży wzrost udziału długotrwale bezrobotnych w ogólnej liczbie bezrobotnych oraz dużą liczbę osób, które wielokrotnie rejestrują się jako bezrobotni. Ta grupa dobrowolnie bezrobotnych rzadko jest zainteresowana skierowanymi do nich działaniami powiatowych urzędów pracy.
Sposoby narracji i budowania wizerunku sportowców z niepełnosprawnościami podczas igrzysk paraolimpijskich. Od Londynu 2012 do Pekinu 2022
Authors: Sahaj Tomasz
Published: August 2023

Celem artykułu jest omówienie narracji towarzyszących igrzyskom paraolimpijskim oraz sposobów budowania wizerunku sportowców z niepełnosprawnościami uczestniczących w tych igrzyskach. Analizie poddano zawartość/treść medialnych kampanii społecznie zaangażowanych i komercyjnych reklam emitowanych w kontekście igrzysk oraz przemówienia oficjeli wygłaszane podczas ceremonii otwarcia igrzysk paraolimpijskich. Pod uwagę wzięto igrzyska paraolimpijskie odbywające się w latach 2012–2022, od letnich igrzysk w Londynie w 2012 r. poczynając, szczególny nacisk kładąc na azjatyckie igrzyska: letnie w Tokio (2020/2021) i zimowe w Pekinie (2022). Uwzględniono istotne elementy wpływające na zmiany współczesnej rzeczywistości społecznej oraz związany z tymi zmianami wzrost niepewności i zagrożenia: pandemię COVID-19 i wojnę rosyjsko-ukraińską. Wyniki badań wskazują na ewolucję narracji w dyskursie o niepełnosprawności i odchodzenie od wizerunku sportowców z niepełnosprawnościami prezentowanych jako „bohaterzy” i „herosi”, a koncentrowanie się na ich egzystencjalnym, ludzkim i społecznym wymiarze. Badania lokowane są w obrębie disability studies i sport studies.
STUDY OF THE VARIABILITY OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER-BASED BIOPOLYMER DISPERSIONS IN DRILLING FLUIDS
Authors: Lambin Anatoly I. , Averkina Elena V.
Published: August 2023

Link for citation: Lambin  A.I., Averkina E.V. Study of the variability of rheological properties of water-based biopolymer dispersions in drilling fluids. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 8, рр. 91-97. In Rus.
The relevance. Water-based biopolymer drilling fluids have become quite widespread in the technology of oil and gas well construction. Much attention is paid to the methods of regulating the physical and mechanical properties of biopolymer systems. In particular, rheological properties of solutions based on xanthan gum are of great practical interest. The effectiveness of the use of polymers is determined by the amount of the main reagent and modifying additives necessary to impart the required properties to the washing liquid. Biopolymer water drilling fluids based on xanthan gum have shown their effectiveness in many regions of the Russian Federation. However, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the solutions is difficult due to the differences in the saleable products of the producing companies in solubility, swelling and composition, which affects the optimized performance of the drilling mud. The main aim: consideration of the differences in aqueous solutions of a number of samples of xanthan gum in terms of power dependence: K-coefficient of consistency and n-degree of deviation from the Newtonian flow regime of the study. Objects: rheology of aqueous solutions of several xanthan samples, both purely aqueous and based on aqueous brines of potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium (NaCl). Methods: instrumental methods for determining the parameters of drilling fluids according to SS 33213-2014; the difference in the parameters of the power rheological dependence was determined by comparing its indicators after measuring the viscosity of solutions on a viscometer with direct indications. Results. The influence of a fixed concentration of NaCl and KCl salts on the considered indicators of the power model is shown. A generalized optimization indicator is proposed for solutions obeying a power-law rheological law. The calculated dependence of the accuracy of approximation of experimental data by a power model, which showed acceptable accuracy, is presented.
L'esthétique d'un ‘petit poème’ dans Bucoliques de Raymond Queneau
Authors:   Société d’Etudes Franco-coréennes, HWANG Yunjoo
Published: August 2023

Le bucolique est une forme de poésie qui existe depuis l'Antiquité, dont les racines remontent à Virgile, et qui dépeint l'aspiration à une vie paisible dans un cadre naturel idéalisé. Raymond Queneau, plus connu comme poète de la ville et de l'Oulipo, hérite de ce genre ancestral : il s'agit de l'esthétique de la légèreté du langage. Cette légèreté sous-entend d'une part la simplicité du langage. La plupart des poèmes dans Bucoliques consiste en des phrases simples, d'un langage courant. On y relève en effet une tendance de la littérature moderne depuis le XIXe siècle. Ce goût pour la simplicité est issu de la volonté du poète, comme nous le verrons dans “Pour un art poétique” de Bucoliques. D'autre part, cette esthétique de la légèreté se retrouve également dans son jeu du langage. Il écrit ses poèmes en réassemblant les abécédaires des noms d'objets naturels ; on y constate non seulement un aspect oulipien, mais aussi une tendance de la poésie bucolique de l' Antiquité. En fin de compte, la nature dans Bucoliques est, pour Queneau, un immense champ d'exercice du poème.
L'Analyse textuelle de La plus secrète mémoire des hommes de Sarr: autour de l'hérédité et du métissage dans les aspects thématique et narratif de l'oeuvre
Authors:   Société d’Etudes Franco-coréennes, KIM Bo Hyun
Published: August 2023

Cet article propose une analyse du roman de Mohamed Mbougar Sarr, La plus secrète mémoires des hommes, autour du thème de l'hérédité et du métissage. Contrairement aux romans francophones cherchant en général à renverser la hierarchie des valeurs, ce roman valorise l'hérédité et le métissage en deux aspects. D'abord, il s'agit de l'ambiguïté de l'identité du père de T.C. Elimane. L'opposition des deux pères possibles, Assane qui représente la France-Modernité, et, Ousseynou qui incarne le Sénégal-Tradition, suggère qu'Elimane symbolise le métissage, résultant de l'héritage de ces deux valeurs opposées. D'ailleurs, nous avons souligné le fait que de multiples témoignages sur Elimane se transmettent en série et que Diégane, narrateur principal, hérite non seulement des témoinages de Siga D., mais aussi de la cause de l'écrivain, l'obligeant à écrire l'histoire d'Elimane. Or Diégane s'avère un héritier infidel et audacieux.
A Study on the Learning and Practice of Songdang Park Yeong and the Criticism of Junior Scholars
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Park JangWon
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the philosophical characteristics of Songdang Park Yeong, who was an early Dohak scholar in the Joseon Dynasty and played a huge role in making the school of Neo-Confucianism in the regions along the Nakdong River. Park Yeong and his Neo-Confucianism has not been paid much attention to until recently. Significant studies on the school in Neo-Confucianism in the regions along the Nakdong River have been published lately, but research on Park Yeong remains as rare as before. He has not been well known to the philosophical public, though he had made a considerable contribution to the development of Neo-Confucianism in Joseon Dynasty in the early-to-mid 16th century. To find out the reasons for this low recognition of his contributions, we tried to show his integrated studies which were conducted in his lifetime with talents for both pen and sword and the ability to solve real-life problems. By investigating Baekrokdonggyuhae and Daehakdo among his present writings, we found that Park Yeong's Neo-Confucianism had the characteristics of being practice-orientated as well as having a special emphasis on self-acceptance and mind. Though Park Yeong's Neo-Confucianism was stigmatized as unorthodox by Yi Hwang and Yi Yi, two influential junior scholars, their criticism seemed to be unfair and improper, for it was derived from a prejudice against their military backgrounds and not with each other. Due to their stigmatic criticism, Park Yeong's well-informed Confucian-oriented learning and practice has been underestimate Songdang Park Yeong had become a Dohak scholar with a military background. He, who was free from social identity restrictions, had learned medicine and six arts and had taken care of people at risk in advance. He carried out his function faithfully to pass the teachings of the sages on to the next generation in the period of the extinction of Sahrim. Park Yeong's learning and practice had included Munmugyeomjeon, Silhak activity, excellent educational performance, achieving his purpose at the risk of his life, which is worth investigating considering the aspects of the various developments of Neo-Confucianism in Joseon Dynasty in a permissive way.
Concerning the Distinction between Xing and Ming in Mengzi 7B24 Focusing on Zhu Xi's Two Interpretations
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Chang WonTae
Published: August 2023

In the latter part of Mencius 7B24, Mencius makes the distinction between ‘xing (性)’ and ‘ming (命)’. Zhao Qi interprets this ‘ming’ as ‘minglu (命祿)’, which means luck, accidental encounters, or times that one faces. On the other hand, Zhu Xi refers it to as the quality that one is endowed with. He then provides a new interpretation of ‘ming’ in the latter section. Zhu Xi’s understanding appears to be similar to Wang Chong’s theory of endowment of qi, and therefore has been criticized for not corresponding with the original text of Mencius. However, Zhu’s interpretation actually shares some important characteristics with the existing interpretation. As Zhao Qi does, Zhu also accepts accidental elements possible in life without getting into fatalism, and hence admits the existence of moral responsibility. Eventually, Zhu Xi takes a step forward to deal with the scope of luck and misfortune in life in a more comprehensive way, and at the same time discusses the problem of moral responsibility. In this way, Zhu Xi’s interpretation should be seen as a further development of Mencius’s philosophy.
Recent advances and applications of machine learning in electrocatalysis
Authors: Hu You , Chen Junhua , Wei Zheng , He Qiu , Zhao Yan
Published: August 2023

Electrocatalysis plays an important role in the production of clean energy and pollution control. Researchers have made great efforts to explore efficient, stable, and inexpensive electrocatalysts. However, traditional trial and error experiments and theoretical calculations require a significant amount of time and resources, which limits the development speed of electrocatalysts. Fortunately, the rapid development of machine learning (ML) has brought new solutions to scientific problems and new paradigms to the development of electrocatalysts. The combination of ML with experimental and theoretical calculations has propelled significant advancements in electrocatalysis research, particularly in the areas of materials screening, performance prediction, and catalysis theory development. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the workflow and cutting-edge techniques of ML in the field of electrocatalysis. In addition, we discuss the diverse applications of ML in predicting performance, guiding synthesis, and exploring the theory of catalysis. Finally, we conclude the review with the challenges of ML in electrocatalysis.