bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tendência da mortalidade por doença renal crônica no Brasil: estudo ecológico
Authors: Gouvêa Ellen de Cassia Dutra Pozzetti , Ribeiro Alex Mussoi , Aquino Erika Carvalho de , Stopa Sheila Rizzato
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade por doença renal crônica no Brasil segundo sexo, faixa etária e região de residência, no período de 2009 a 2020. Métodos: Estudo de série temporal, tendo os óbitos como unidade de análise, utilizando-se o Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. A taxa de mortalidade foi padronizada pelo método direto, e a tendência temporal analisada pelo método de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Tendência crescente da mortalidade por doença renal crônica, variando de 2,82, em 2009, para 3,24 em 2020 (incremento médio anual de 1,29%; IC95% 0,73;1,85), com maior incremento no sexo masculino (1,14% ao ano; IC95% 0,52;1,76), na faixa etária com 75 anos e mais (2,23% ao ano; IC95% 1,87;2,60), nas regiões Norte (3,86% ao ano; IC95% 1,86;5,90) e Nordeste (3,36% ao ano; IC95% 2,24;4,50). Conclusão: A mortalidade por doença renal crônica apresentou tendência crescente no período, com disparidades sociodemográficas.
National health surveys: overview of sampling techniques and data collected using complex designs
Authors: Szwarcwald Célia Landmann
Published: November 2023

Abstract This article aimed to present an overview of national health surveys, sampling techniques, and components of statistical analysis of data collected using complex sampling designs. Briefly, surveys aimed at assessing the nutritional status of Brazilians and maternal and child health care were described. Surveys aimed at investigating access to and use of health services and funding, those aimed at surveillance of chronic noncommunicable diseases and associated behaviors, and those focused on risk practices regarding sexually transmitted infections were also addressed. Health surveys through social networks, including online networks, deserved specific attention in the study. The conclusion is that the development of health surveys in Brazil, in different areas and using different sampling methodologies, has contributed enormously to the advancement of knowledge and to the formulation of public policies aimed at the health and well-being of the Brazilian population.
Efficiently Explaining CSPs with Unsatisfiable Subset Optimization
Authors: Gamba Emilio , Bogaerts Bart , Guns Tias
Published: November 2023

We build on a recently proposed method for stepwise explaining the solutions to Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) in a human understandable way. An explanation here is a sequence of simple inference steps where simplicity is quantified by a cost function. Explanation generation algorithms rely on extracting Minimal Unsatisfiable Subsets (MUSs) of a derived unsatisfiable formula, exploiting a one-to-one correspondence between so-called non-redundant explanations and MUSs. However, MUS extraction algorithms do not guarantee subset minimality or optimality with respect to a given cost function. Therefore, we build on these formal foundations and address the main points of improvement, namely how to generate explanations efficiently that are provably optimal (with respect to the given cost metric). To this end, we developed (1) a hitting set-based algorithm for finding the optimal constrained unsatisfiable subsets; (2) a method for reusing relevant information across multiple algorithm calls; and (3) methods for exploiting domain-specific information to speed up the generation of explanation sequences. We have experimentally validated our algorithms on a large number of CSP problems. We found that our algorithms outperform the MUS approach in terms of explanation quality and computational time (on average up to 56 % faster than a standard MUS approach).
Molecular Mechanism of SOX18 in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Injury of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Authors: Luo Jian , Fang Honglong , Wang Danqiong , Hu Jianhua , Zhang Weiwen , Jiang Ronglin
Published: November 2023

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with the progression of sepsis. This study sought to probe the molecular route of sex-determining region on the Y chromosome-box transcription factor 18 (SOX18) in sepsis-associated endothelial injury. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish the sepsis cell model. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species/malondialdehyde/superoxide dismutase), and inflammation (interleukin-1β/tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-6) were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay and relevant assay kits. The expression levels of SOX18, microRNA (miR)-204-5p, and cadherin-2 (CDH2) in cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay. The interaction of SOX18, miR-204-5p, and CDH2 was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assay. LPS induced HUVECs injury and downregulation of SOX18. SOX18 overexpression increased cell viability, while decreased LDH activity, oxidative stress, and inflammation. SOX18 bound to the miR-204-5p promoter to promote miR-204-5p expression, and further repressed CDH2 expression. miR-204-5p knockdown and CDH2 overexpression abrogated the protective role of SOX18 in HUVECs injury. Overall, SOX18 alleviated LPS-induced injury of HUVECs by promoting miR-204-5p and repressing CDH2, suggesting it as a potential target for sepsis treatment.
ABOUT A CONSTITUTIONALISATION OF CONCEPTS OF THE NATURAL RIGHTS AND ABSOLUTE LAW
Authors:   Perm State University, Khudoley D. M.
Published: November 2023

Abstract:it is analyzed the constitutional provisions directly or indirectly confirming official recognition of concepts of the natural rights and absolute law in the Russian Federation. It is offered to consider objective absolute law as the arch of obligations for observance of subjective natural human rights, and also the rules determining possible behavior by possession, use and the order of the benefits ofthe person reflecting his human essence, and also public protection of the specified benefits. The basic absolute law –the right for life in relation to which all other constitutional and natural rights are additional is considered. The structure of natural human rights (right-behavior, the right-requirement and right-claim) is stated. The content of the principles of absolute law is analyzed: justice, equalities and freedoms following from the nature of the natural rights and, therefore, reflected in norms of absolute law. Objective nature of existence of natural human rights and absolute law in general is stated.
ON THE SUBJECT OF CRIME IN PART OF THE USE OF SLAVE LABOUR (ARTICLE 127.2 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE)
Authors:   Legal Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Kursaev А. V.
Published: November 2023

Abstract:the articleis devoted to the analysis of the subject of the crime in the use of slave labor. The classification of the perpetrators, depending on their participation in the implementation of the objective side of the crime. The features of the qualification of the subject of the crime depending on their role in the crime (organizer, performer).
SUSPECTED IN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS OF RUSSIA, GERMANY AND IN THE PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Ploshkina Ya. M.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The study deals with the legal status of the suspect and problems, which there are, when a person is recognized as a suspect in Russia, including by applying measures of criminal procedural coercion. Russian law fails to sufficiently regulate the issue on an individual’s legal status under actual detention prior to criminal proceedings institution. The figure of the suspect was considered in the context of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and foreign experience, in particular Germany. The European Court of Human Rights is the leader in the field of human rights protection in the Council of Europe, whose decisions affect the formation of the Russian legislation. The German and Russian criminal processes refer to the continental criminal procedural model. At present the criminal procedure model of Germany is one of the most influential, which has made the most significant progress in the geopolitical sense. In the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and inthe criminal procedure law of Germany there is not the suspect as an independent participant of the criminal proceedings. But this does not mean the absence of rights of a person involved in the orbit of the criminal proceedings and against whom criminal prosecution is conducted.
FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF THE LEASE AGREEMENT IN CIVIL LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN: IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES AND IMPROVEMENT
Authors:   Tashkent State Law University, Burkhanova L. M.
Published: November 2023

Abstract:The article examines such issues as the relevance of applying a leasing agreement in the conditions of market relations in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the advantages of this type of lease agreement, the specifics of the legal regulation of a leasing agreement under the civil law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the possibilities of a leasing agreement for investment, distinctive features of a financial lease agreement, the procedure for concluding and the content of the lease agreement, the risks associated with the lease agreement, the issues of liability of the parties to the lease agreement. The article formulates some proposals for improving the legislation regulating leasing relations in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE LEGALITY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS THAT PROVIDE SERVICES TO THE PUBLIC, PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION OF THE INTERNAL RULES OF CONDUCT
Authors:   Perm State University, Korotkov D.B.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: the article is devoted to the analysis of practice of development by different organizations of rules of behavior for visitors, providing for the collection of fines for violation of the specified rules. Deals with situations in which the established rules of fines charging are both actually caused real damage (such as damage to the upholstery in the cinema), and in a situation where the consumer made an action that may lead to damage to property, but actual harm is not come (for example, throwing a ball into the lowered pin lift, which did not damage the hoist itself). It was concluded that the inclusion of organizations in its internal rules of behavior of visitors to the provisions on the recovery of these fines for breaking the rules are illegal fired with the following reservations: if the organization requires payment of a fine in a situation where the consumer has committed some action that may cause damage to property, but the actual harm has not occurred, and if the organization requires payment of a fine out-of-court in a situation where the consumer does not agree with this circumstance.
PROSPECTS FOR RESEARCH OF THE COORDINATION IN LAW
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Khuzhin A.M. , Rachenkova O.N. ,   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia
Published: November 2023

Abstract: reveals the scientificpotential of the study of issues of coordination in law. The emphasis is placed on the need for a general theoretical development of the problem of legal coordination. The practical problems of legal coordination in public and private law are given. Some aspects of the patterns and specifics of coordination of individual actions (procedures) are analyzed. In particular, the procedures for coordinating a public event, consent to making transactions and agreeing separable improvements of the leased property are subject to reflection. It is revealed how, by agreeing on a transaction with a state body or a local government body, public authority is “wedged” into civillaw relations. There are defects and ways to improve the current legislation on coordination. Indicates offenses and abuses in the field of legal coordination. The conclusion is made about the need for a comprehensive scientific knowledge of legal coordination.
SNP-based marker-assisted selection for high provitamin A content in African cassava genetic background
Authors: Codjia Esperance D. , Olasanmi Bunmi , Ugoji Chike E. , Rabbi Ismail Y.
Published: November 2023

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) contributes to significant levels of mortality and morbidity, particularly among children and women in Africa. Cassava is a major staple crop whose biofortification with betacarotene can contribute to reducing the VAD prevalence in a cost-effective and sustainable approach. Developing high provitamin A content (pVAC) cassava varieties through the conventional approach is a laborious and slow process, partly due to the breeding bottlenecks caused by the biology of the crop. To complement the phenotypic screening for pVAC and increase selection efficiency as well as accuracy, we employed four Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) assays to predict the level of carotenoids in a cassava population developed from open-pollinated crosses. There was significant correlation (r= 0.88) between total carotenoid content (TCC) and root tissue colour score in the study population. Marker S1_24155522 at the phytoene synthase gene explained most of the phenotypic variation in TCC and root colour (R2= 0.37 and 0.55, respectively) among the genotypes evaluated in this study. The other markers did not individually account for much phenotypic variation in the trait in our study population. Three genotypes – namely UIC-17-679, UIC-17-1713, and UIC-17-2823 – had higher TCCs, ranging from 10.07 μg/g to 10.88 μg/g, than the national yellow check variety IITA-IBA-TMS070593 (9.20 μg/g). Marker PSY572/S124155522 is therefore recommended for routine use in marker-assisted selection for pVAC enhancement in African cassava germplasm.
Significance:
We evaluated the performance of the SNP markers associated with provitamin A content in a cassava population and draw relevant conclusions that will foster the applications of these markers in different cassava improvement programmes with similar interests. Marker-assisted selection was sufficiently accurate for an early screening of individuals for carotenoid content, especially when thousands of genotypes are usually handled. This screening will reduce efficiently the challenges and burden attached to the use of sophisticated instruments for carotenoid quantification (e.g. HPLC and I-check) for the benefit of breeders and researchers in the field.
Response of flour corn (zea mays l. Var. Amylacea) to the Inoculation of azospirillum and pseudomonas
Authors: Sangoquiza-Caiza Carlos , Zambrano-Mendoza Jose , Borgues-García Misterbino , Cho Kang J.
Published: November 2023

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) that inhabit root rhizosphere of plants are of great agricultural importance due to their ability to produce phytohormones during root colonization. These phytohormones produce physiological changes in the plant that favor a greater absorption of nutrients, promote growth and increase production. This study analyzed the effect of inoculation of two of these bacteria, Azospirillum sp. And Pseudomonas fluorescens, under field conditions representative of the Andean Highlands. The experiment was carried out using flour corn seed of the INIAP-101 variety in a randomized complete block design with six repetitions. The treatments  corresponded to: T1 (Azospirillum sp.), T2 (P. fluorescens), T3 (Azospirillum sp. and P. fluorescens), T4 (control, conventional chemical fertilization) and T5 (absolute control). The application of these bacteria significantly increased (p<0.05) the root length, the diameter of the cob, and the yield of fresh corn (“elotes” or “choclos”). The combined inoculation of these bacteria (T3) obtained the highest yield, with 19.70 t ha-1 of fresh corn; while the chemical control and the absolute control got 17.12 and 13.58 t ha-1 of fresh corn, respectively. The economic analysis of T3 reported a benefit/cost of 1.35, which indicates that the synergism of these two bacteria could be a sustainable strategy to improve yields and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers for corn production in the Andean region.
Dersliklerde kabul edilebilir COVID-19 enfeksiyon riskine dayalı belirlenen havalandırma oranlarının ısıtmadan kaynaklanan enerji tüketimine etkisi
Authors: ÇETİN Hasan Murat
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışmada, SARS-CoV-2 salgınında doğal havalandırılan yükseköğretim dersliklerinde, kabul edilebilir enfeksiyon riskine dayalı belirlenen havalandırma oranlarının COVID-19 vaka sayısına, enfeksiyon olasılığına ve çeşitli iklim bölgelerinde ısıtmadan kaynaklanan enerji tüketimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Havalandırma oranları, yeni vaka sayısı ve enfeksiyon olasılığı hava kaynaklı enfeksiyon olasılığının modellenmesinde kullanılan SARS-CoV-2’ye uyarlanmış Wells-Riley modeliyle belirlenmiştir. Isıtmadan kaynaklanan enerji tüketimi, ısı dengesi metoduna göre EnergyPlus tabanlı bina enerji simülasyonuyla hesaplanmıştır. Önerilen yöntem, vaka çalışması olarak farklı iklimde bölgelerinde bulunan üniversite dersliklerine uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, dersliklerde kabul edilebilir enfeksiyon riskinin sağlanabilmesi için havalandırma oranlarının COVID-19 öncesine göre ortalama %51,41 arttığını, günlük COVID-19 vaka sayısının ise COVID-19 öncesi dönemin şartlarına göre ortalama %63,19 azaldığını göstermiştir. COVID-19 sürecinde artan havalandırma oranları, dersliklerin ısıtmadan kaynaklı enerji tüketiminin COVID-19 öncesine göre ılıman iklimde %192,37 (29322 kWh); soğuk iklimde %98,80 (57083 kWh); çok soğuk iklimde ise %79,21 (82467 kWh) artmasına sebep olmuştur. COVID-19 sürecinde doğal havalandırılan dersliklere sahip üniversitelerde, eğitim öğretim dönemi, havalandırmanın iç ortam termal konfor kontrolü için uygun olduğu dönemlere göre belirlenmelidir. Bu durumda, ısıtmadan kaynaklanan enerji tüketimi ılıman iklimde %86,52; soğuk iklimde %69,60; çok soğuk iklimde ise %61,40 oranında azalmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, gelecekte hava yoluyla bulaşan hastalıklara ve olası diğer salgınlara iklimsel farklılıklara göre daha iyi hazırlanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Eksenel yükler altında bio-ilhamlı yapı dolgulu ince cidarlı alüminyum hibrit tüplerin çarpışma performanslarının incelenmesi
Authors: ALTIN Murat , ARICI Selin
Published: November 2023

Araçlar ile ilgili kazalar dünya çapında önemli bir sorundur ve bu durum toplum için büyük bir ekonomik kayıp oluşturmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere, diğer tüm kaza türlerinde olduğu gibi (düşük hızlı kazalar hariç), düz yolda hızla hareket eden araçların çarpması çok kısa bir zaman diliminde gerçekleşir. Bu kısa sürede aracın en az seviyede zarar görmesi istenmektedir. Taşıt yapılarının tasarımında en önemli parçalardan biri enerji sönümleyici profillerdir. Enerji sönümleyici profillerin tasarımında ve test edilmesinde, kaza esnasında en üst seviyede koruma sağlaması istenmektedir. Araçlarda kazalardan kaynaklanan hasarların azaltılması için, son yıllarda çok çeşitli enerji sönümleyici türleri araştırılmıştır. Bu alanda otomotiv endüstrisindeki bir başka önemli eğilim, otomobillerde biyo-ilhamlı geometrik kesit gibi farklı yapıların enerji sönümleyiciler olarak kullanılmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, hibrit tüplerin enerji yutma kabiliyetini geliştirmek için karahindibanın yapısından esinlenerek üç farklı bio-ilhamlı yapı tasarımı yapılmıştır (1M, 2M ve 3M). Tüm modeller aynı koşullarda deforme edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, 3M modelinin performansının diğer modellere göre önemli ölçüde üstün olduğunu göstermiştir. Hibrit tüpler ile geleneksel boş dairesel tüpler (0M) arasında yapılan karşılaştırmada 3M modelinin ezme kuvveti verimliliğinin %8,63, enerji sönümleme kapasitesinin %22,64 arttığı belirlenmiştir.
Tissue Perfusion and the Braden Scale as Predictors of Pressure Injury Risk in the Intensive Care Unit Patient
Authors: Wong Eileen , Visperas Shirley , Choi So Yung , Suapaia Mahealani
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The national rate of pressure injury (PI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) 2016-2018 was 5.97%, while at one hospital in Honolulu, Hawaii it averaged 13%. The Braden scale is the gold standard PI risk assessment tool. Researchers have reported the Braden scale has limited value in the ICU setting and consider tissue perfusion to be the better indicator. The aim was to determine if tissue perfusion, as measured by noninvasive transcutaneous tissue oxygen levels, was a predictor of PI risk development.Methods: Electronic medical records of 161 patients admitted from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. Bivariate associations with the development of PI were examined using Fisher’s exact test for the categorical variables, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for the continuous variables. A multivariable logistic model was fitted for the development of PI with adjustments for potential confounders.Results: Of 161 patients, 125 met the inclusion criteria. Length of stay, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, use of vasopressors, and the Braden score were statistically significant predictors of PI risk development; tissue perfusion was not significant.Conclusion: ICU patients have a higher mortality and severity of illness. The Braden score guides implementation of PI preventative measures. The relationship between tissue perfusion and PI development may warrant further research. A broader clinical picture to incorporate the Braden scale and other risk factors in PI development such as Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score and use of vasopressors should be considered.
Open Field Test v1
Authors: not provided jillian.seiler
Published: November 2023

The Open Field Test is a measure of rodent anxiety-like behavior. The rodent’s natural “anxious” tendency is to spend time in the outer borders of the chamber, close to the walls; this is called thigmotaxis. A rodent exhibiting decreased anxiety will spend more time in the center of the chamber, where it is unprotected by the walls. If only measuring anxiety-like behavior, measure time spent in the outside of the field and time spent in the center of the field (in this case, “center” refers to the 33cmx33cm square shape in the center of the field). You can also use the Open Field Test to look at locomotion (distance traveled and velocity), as well as exploratory behaviors (rearing). This protocol is adapted from Tye, et al., 2013 (doi: 10.1038/nature11740) and was originally designed to be used with optogenetic stimulation. If you are performing an Open Field Test without stimulation, you can decrease the time to 10 minutes.
The Quest for National Digital Agility: Digital Responses to Covid-19 in Five Countries
Authors:   Chair of Information Management Faculty of Business Administration and Economics University of Hagen, Germany, Kendziorra Jennifer , Witte Anne-Katrin ,   University of Hagen, Germany & Technical University of Berlin, Germany, Winkler Till J. ,   University of Hagen, Germany & Copenhagen Business School, Denmark, Tong Yu ,   Department of Data Science and Engineering Management Zhejiang University, China, Kwon Juhee ,   Department of Information Systems City University of Hong Kong, China, Mishra Abhay Nath ,   Ivy College of Business Department of Information Systems & Business Analytics Iowa State University, USA
Published: November 2023

Countries worldwide have employed various digital solutions to contain and cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this explorative case research, we examine national-level digital responses to the pandemic in four specific areas—tracking and tracing, health data reporting, teleconsultation, and vaccination mobilization—across five countries: China, Denmark, Germany, South Korea, and the US. Drawing on the notion of agility and digital infrastructures, our cross-case analysis unveils how the countries’ digital responses to the pandemic have been shaped by their national health system characteristics. In addition, we highlight how existing digital health infrastructures, regulatory adaptations, and industry collaborations fostered the alacrity with which nations responded to the pandemic. We define national-level digital agility as the ability of a nation to leverage digital infrastructure capabilities to address urgent societal challenges in a contextually appropriate way. Our key contribution is a model of this complex, but urgently needed concept containing five building blocks, that jointly explain and contribute to building such agility. Despite focusing on addressing the existing challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that researchers and policymakers can also take away from our framework ideas to tackle other socio-environmental challenges.
Popperian Falsificationism in IS: Major Confusions and Harmful Influences
Authors:   Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Mao Mingsong , Siponen Mikko ,   The University of Alabama, Nathan Marco ,   University of Denver
Published: November 2023

The current relationship between Popper’s philosophy of science and Information Systems (IS) is complex and often confused. On the one hand, many influential members of the IS community claim that much IS research follows Popper’s falsificationism. On the other hand, many assumptions underlying Popper’s falsificationism, including the nature of theories as exceptionless laws rejected by a singular unsupportive observation are inappropriate and misleading. Moreover, Popper also rejected all inductive inferences and inductive methods as unscientific which, alas, has led some influential IS scholars to dismiss inductive inferences in major IS methodologies. Such Popperian advice is harmful as virtually all statistical or qualitative IS research relies on inductive inferences – and there is nothing wrong with that. Finally, we offer a solution for how to deal with the scientific significance of the problem of induction. This solution is inductive fallibilism. This means recognizing that theories, rather than always being held as true or false simply, often contain varying inductive supportive and unsupportive evidence.
Analysis of Hedging for Mitigating Exchange Rate Fluctuations in Indonesia, With A Logistic Regression Approach (Empirical Study of Consumer Cyclical Companies)
Authors: Ahmad Basyir , Siregar Hermanto , Sembel Roy , Irawan Tony
Published: November 2023

The consumer cyclical companies are affected by exchange rate fluctuations and require hedging. Hedging is an action taken to reduce potential risk by mitigating exposure to price movements of an asset. This study determined how companies use hedging products and the factors that encourage companies to hedge. The companies used as research were 24 listed at IDX with a period of 17 years (2006 to 2022), and the analysis method used in this study was a logit regression. The most common derivatives firms use are cross-currency swaps, followed by call spreads. The decision to hedge is influenced by several factors: profitability, firm size, growth, liquidity, leverage, hedging regulation, and cash flow volatility. Examination of the regulation is the first research related to hedge decisions. Profitability, firm size, and cash flow volatility are variables with significant and positive results, while the negative but significant relationships with hedging decisions are leverage, liquidity, and hedging regulation. Furthermore, firms are expected to undertake or increase hedging activities if there are more positive internal supporting factors, and the government is expected to help create sustainable and comprehensive legal tools to create a more conducive climate to increase hedging activities.
In Vitro Propagation of Ruta Chalepensis Through and Callus Culture
Authors: Jagadeesan Manjunathan , Srinivasan Saagarika , M Thenmozhi
Published: November 2023

Plant tissue culture is a field that that enables culturing of various plants and parts of plants usually treated under a nutrient medium and in highly sterile conditions. Out of them callus culture is one of the very interesting arenas of plant biotechnology that encompasses many pivotal benefits.  The study focuses on such callus enrichment using different hormones that there by enhance its biological activities. The plant namely Ruta chalepensiswas chosen upon wherein the callus growth was noticed.  Ruta chalepensis has multiple medicinal activities like anti-cancer, anti-ulcer, anti-diabetic and many more pharmacological properties that yields in treating and curing of illness. Ruta chalepensis the leaf and internode were taken for the study and to analyse which of those at what concentration of plant growth regulators showed a better callus induction. The MS medium as well as Various hormone concentrations was used for the study like auxin and cytokinin from 0.5mg to 2 mg (2,4 – D, NAA, IAA, IBA). Increased concentration of 2,4-D (1.0 mg/L) alone in the MS medium showed profused callus growth. Both the explants used such as leaf and Internode were also tested in the MS medium which was devoid of hormones/plant growth regulators which was treated as control for comparison. From the data obtained, MS medium supplemented with hormones showed better growth rate and callus induction when compared with that of MS medium without hormones/plant growth regulators. Among the plant growth regulators 2,4-D (1.0 mg/L) showed maximum callus initiation from both leaf and internode explants. Further work was carried out in single and combination of the plant growth regulators for callus proliferation and accumulation. Further analysis is being done to study the growth pattern on combination of hormones and fix the hormone concentrations for the mass propagation of callus from the explants.
Histone modifications and FMR role in Fragile X syndrome: A review
Authors: Debarati Roy Chowdhury  , Salmataj S A  , Pushanjali Bhat
Published: November 2023

Fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of genetically acquired mental disability and one of the most frequent single-gene disorders. FXS serves as an excellent model disorder for studies investigating disturbed molecular mechanisms and synapse function. FXS is an X-linked disorder that affects approximately 1 in 4000 males and females, with females experiencing milder cognitive deficits. It is caused due to expansion of trinucleotide CGG repeat above the normal range (>54 repeats) in the 5’ noncoding region of the fragile x mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene located in the q27.3 loci of the X chromosome, which results in hypermethylation of CpG islands and eventually to transcriptional silencing of the gene hence suppressing the production of the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). The lack of FMRP, involved in multiple aspects of mRNA metabolism in the brain causing intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and deregulation of multiple pathways, is thought to be the direct cause of the FXS phenotypes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the basic models used to study the aspects of fragile x syndrome, the relation of FMR1 gene and FMRP with the disease, histone modifications, and various targeted molecular therapy used for cure.
Communicative Constitutionalism, Constitutional Involvement and Citizenship in the Public Legal Space of Algorithmic and Information Society
Authors: Kravets I. A.
Published: November 2023

The paper dwells on theoretical foundations and methodological significance of communicative constitutionalism, provides an academic basis for constitutional communication in the public legal space, shows the problems of constitutional law nature arising in the information society. Communicative constitutionalism and digital citizenship are considered as hybrid institutions in the field of public law and information space. The author draws attention to the nature and significance of the institute of public participation or the institute of public participation in the public law area, various forms of its manifestation, notes the process of institutionalization of constitutional law as the law of society and public interests based on the research of domestic and foreign scholars The paper explains the public law nature of communicative constitutionalism, the complex nature and transformation of citizenship as a public law and as an information-digital entity. As a conclusion, it is noted that there is a fragmentation and dispersion of legal regulation and institutional design of institutions of public initiatives, public discussions and the identification of public opinion concerning publicly significant issues, draft regulatory legal acts, and constitutional amendments. There is no institution of scientific expertise guaranteed by constitutional legislation along with public discussion.

In the order of legal scientific initiatives the author proposes to: 1) incorporate into the legislation the principle of scientific federalism and public participation in the development of draft amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the draft of a new Constitution; 2) consolidate at the legislative or constitutional law level the obligation of subjects of the initiative to revise the Constitution and constitutional amendments to send draft amendments submitted to the State Duma, to the leading universities of the country, research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences in order to conduct discussions and adopt conclusions; 3) create legislative guarantees to attract citizens through Internet technologies to discuss the content of amendments to the Constitution, the draft of a new Constitution, including the right to propose revisions of certain norms
Extraction of Silica from Bamboo Leaves Ash (Bambusoideae) Using Hydrochloric Acid and Nitric Acid
Authors: Azman Siti Nurul Huda Binti , Ameram Nadiah Bte , Jaafar Hidayani Binti , Amini Mohd Hazim Mohamad , Ali Arlina
Published: November 2023

Bamboo leaves, a readily available agricultural waste globally, serve as a valuable source of organic silica, often referred to as biosilica. Despite containing a substantial silicon dioxide (SiO2) content, bamboo leaves are frequently discarded by communities. Remarkably, the silica content in bamboo leaves exceeds 70%. Acid leaching is employed to extract the silica, with various factors and types of acids being compared in the process. The resulting silica is highly porous and firmly bonded. The extracted silica's purity, amorphous nature, and the presence of functional groups have been verified through XRD and FTIR studies. Additionally, TGA is utilized to monitor the material's weight changes with increasing temperature.
Combined Toxicity of Methylparaben and Propylparaben in Artemia salina and Allium cepa Applying Experimental Design
Authors: Nolasco Estela Moraes , Da Silva João Vitor dos Santos , De Paula João Vitor Vieira , Da Silva Fábio Luciano Caldas , Leitão Maicon Matos , Araújo Alessandra Silveira Antunes , Massulo Andreia de Oliveira , Machulek Jr. Amilcar , De Melo da Silva Lucas
Published: November 2023

Parabens are used as preservatives in sanitizers and cosmetic products causing environmental concern, because presented potential as endocrine disrupters. Among these compounds, the most used are methylparaben and propylparaben. Thus, a study was proposed to evaluate the interaction between different concentrations (mmol L-1) of the variables methylparaben [MP] and propylparaben [PP], against the acute toxicity of the microcrustacean Artemia salina (A. salina) and Allium cepa (A. cepa) applying the 22 factorial design with an added center point. Responses were used: percent A. salina mortality (% mortality), A. cepa root growth inhibition (% root inhibition) and mitotic index (%MI). For A. salina, after 72 hours of exposure with the combination of concentration ([MP] and [PP] = 0.8 mmol L−1) caused an 80% mortality. While, A. cepa a high cytotoxicity was observed with the mixture of Parabens, exhibiting 72.3% root growth inhibition at [MP] = 1.2 mmol L-1 with [PP] = 1.2 mmol L-1. In contrast, for response %MI at [MP] = 0.3 mmol L-1 with [PP] = 0.3 mmol L-1, 2.5 %MI with 36% inhibition. In this context, parabens demonstrated high toxicity for A. salina and cytotoxicity for A. cepa, based on the interaction with the effect of the concentrations.
Стандарты лучевого лечения глиобластом
Authors: Измайлов Т. Р.
Published: November 2023

В настоящее время с учетов развитию молекулярной генетики стала более понятной роль радиотерапии и химиотерапии в лечении пациентов с первичными злокачественными глиомами различной степени злокачественности. Отмечается повышение показателей общей и безрецидивной выживаемости у пациентов с данной патологией. Благодаря наличию современного аппаратного оснащения отделений радиотерапии РФ проведение специального лечения больных со злокачественными новообразованиями головного мозга не представляется сложным. Однако в ряде случаев остается актуальным вопрос оптимальных методик лучевой терапии. Стандартным методом служит дистанционная фотонная лучевая терапия, при этом данные молекулярного статуса злокачественной глиомы дают возможность назначить химио-таргетное лечение. В данной работе приводятся некоторые сравнительные характеристики проведения дистанционной лучевой терапии у пациентов с глиомой высокой степени злокачественности (глиобластомой) (WHO Grade IV). Так, приводятся особенности дозиметрического распределения дозы в тканях и критических структурах, приведены данные исследований, показывающих различия ранней и поздней лучевой токсичности, возникающей при лучевой терапии.
Temperature assessment in newborn: a better method
Authors: M. R. Prashanth , B. E. Pavithra Shree , K. B. Namratha
Published: November 2023

Background: Accurate temperature assessment is essential in neonatal care as minor temperature changes can have a significant impact on the health and well-being of newborns. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of three different types of thermometers, including non-contact infrared, digital, and mercury thermometers, for temperature assessment in newborns.
Methods: This was a prospective, comparative study conducted between April 2022 and August 2022 in Cheluvamba hospital, Mysuru. A total of 400 healthy newborns were included in the study. Temperature readings were taken from the mid-forehead non-contact infrared thermometer and axilla using digital and mercury thermometers, while maintaining aseptic precautions. Parental oral consent was obtained for participation.
Results: The mean temperature recorded with the digital thermometer in the axilla was statistically higher than that recorded with the mercury thermometer. The non-contact infrared thermometer showed a strong positive correlation with the mercury thermometer for the axilla region.
Conclusions: The digital thermometer is a useful device for easy and valid measurement of skin temperature in newborns, especially when applied to the axilla. The findings suggest that the use of digital thermometers for axillary temperature measurement in neonates is supported by previous studies, which have reported their accuracy and reliability in comparison to mercury thermometers. The non-contact infrared thermometer may have limitations and its accuracy may vary depending on the site of measurement. The use of digital thermometers for neonatal temperature measurement may be more convenient, less hazardous, and equally reliable compared to traditional mercury thermometers.
Prevalence of dental trauma in permanent anterior teeth in 6-12-year-old children in school going children of East Delhi
Authors: Khandelwal Deepak , Kalra Namita , Tyagi Rishi , Khatri Amit , Yangdol Padma
Published: November 2023

Background: Traumatic dental injury affects many children and adolescents, and it considered a challenging public health problem. Injuries involving permanent teeth are one of the most common types of trauma to the maxillofacial area. The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries varies greatly, and it ranges from 4% to 58%
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried among 700 school children aged 6 and 12 years in East Delhi. A list of primary and secondary schools of East Delhi area was obtained. A multistage random sampling technique was adopted to select the study population. The children aged 6-12 years with signed consent and in whom permanent anteriors had erupted were included in the study. The oral examination was conducted by a single calibrated examiner using WHO oral health assessment Performa 2013.
Results: Overall prevalence was 7.71%. Dental trauma was 1.90%, 10.27% and 10.12% respectively in Group I, Group II and Group III respectively. Female reported with 7.57 % and males with 10.81% (p=0.001). Maxillary Central incisors were found to be the most frequent teeth to be injured.
Conclusions: Parents may lack information regarding the consequences of dental trauma and don't report for dental consultation. Along with seeking dental care, patient must be educated about the use of protective mouth guards while playing contact sports which may help to reduce the incidence and severity of dental injuries.
Spectrum of congenital heart diseases in children (<5 years) in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Chaudhary Aneeta , Arya Arun Kumar , Midha Tanu
Published: November 2023

Background: Congenital heart diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in children. The aim of the study was to know the spectrum of congenital heart diseases in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This was a prospective, hospital based observational study done in Lala Lajpat Rai Hospital, Kanpur. Duration of study was 12 months. Patients with strong clinical suspicion of cardiac disease were enrolled and detailed clinical examination and laboratory findings of these cases were noted in a pre-structured proforma. The confirmation of presence of congenital heart disease was done by echocardiography.
Results: 150 patients aged below 5 years presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of CHD were evaluated in this study. 91 were found to have congenital heart disease. We found VSD in 31.87%, ASD in 29.98%, PDA in 9.9% TOF in 5.49% and complex heart diseases in 16.48% cases. When considering the age at presentation, we found maximum number of cases (46.15%) in 1 to 12 months of age, 37.37% cases in neonatal period, 16.48% cases in 1 to 5 years of age. Most common presenting complaint was difficulty in breathing, followed by feeding difficulty.
Conclusions: Ventricular septal defect 31.87% was the commonest heart disease, followed by ASD 29.98%. The majority of these patients were seen in the age group 1 to 12 months of age.
Successful management of Gastroschisis baby at Tripura medical college and Dr. BRAM teaching hospital: a rare case report
Authors: Basak Aniruddha , Dhar Sathi , Dey Niladri Sekhar
Published: November 2023

Gastroschisis is a congenital defect of the anterior abdominal wall in which the intestines and other abdominal organs, protrude from the abdomen through a small hole. In recent years rates of Gastroschisis have been increasing. Most of cases it is an isolated defect or associated with other anomalies. Ultrasonography can detect it within 14 weeks after physiological herniation. Gastroschisis and omphalocele are two defect that closely resemble each other. In this case, we discuss a newborn baby with gastroschisis being successfully managed and was discharged in healthy condition 21days later.
Biologic approach for fragment reattachment: a case report
Authors: Joshi Ambika , Marwah Nikhil , Bandiwar Mrunal , Patni Harsha , Singh Vritika
Published: November 2023

Crown fracture is most reported dental injury in maxillary anterior region with uncomplicated crown fractures in anterior region are most involved in adolescents and children. A 10-year-old boy reported to the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry with a chief complaint of fractured upper left front tooth region and gave history of fall 2 hours back and he was carrying a fractured fragment along with him. Clinical and radiographical examinations revealed Ellis class II fracture in maxillary left anterior region. After considering all other treatment options fractured fragment re-attachment with light cure composite resin was finalized as a treatment option.
Urbach-Wiethe disease: a rare pediatric case report
Authors: Shetty Deepa , Pariath Kira , Patel Paras , Vansh Sanjay
Published: November 2023

Urbach-Wiethe disease also known as lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal recessive Geno dermatosis.1 It is characterized by the deposition of an amorphous hyaline material in the skin, mucosa and viscera and is also known as cutaneous-mucosal hyalinosis.2,3 Parental consanguinities is identified in approximately 20% of Urbach-Wiethe disease cases. The classic manifestation due to laryngeal infiltration is a hoarse cry with its onset in infancy. Skin and mucous membrane changes become clinically apparent important consequences.4 Rarely, the central nervous system and respiratory tract may be involved resulting in seizures and airway obstruction, respectively. The lifespan is generally normal. We report a case of Urbach-Wiethe disease in a 6-year-old boy with hoarseness of voice who was started on oral acitretin therapy following his diagnosis. Oral acitretin can prove useful in cases of lipoid proteinosis who present with hoarseness of voice or vocal cord palsy. The mutations in the gene encoding extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) have been linked to lipoid proteinosis. Even though no effective treatment is known, acitretin has proved to reverse hoarseness of voice in few reported cases and was started in our case as it was his chief presenting complaint.
A successful surgical management of pediatric ossifying fibroma in peripheral limited setting: a rare case report
Authors: N. O. V. Nur Setyo , Adi Pratama Yonanda , Praba I. Komang , Herdini Camelia , Indrasari Sagung Rai , Yudistira Danu
Published: November 2023

Ossifying fibroma (OF) is a rare non-malignant fibro-osseous lesion of the craniofacial area with the characteristic of slow-growing and locally aggressive. The incidence rate in paediatric patients is still not clear. The management is varied from observation and serial radiologic imaging to radical resection of the tumour. To provide knowledge and information about diagnosing and managing a rare case of craniofacial ossifying fibroma. A-5-year-old boy diagnosed with orbito-inferonasal region ossifying fibroma underwent extirpation of the mass with the lateral rhinotomy- Webber Ferguson approach, anterior orbitotomy by the ophthalmologist, and obturator placement by the prosthodontist. OF remains a rare disease, particularly in paediatric patients, which is locally aggressive although it’s benign characteristic. Definitive excision is the treatment of choice for OF. Successful surgical outcome was due to a multidisciplinary team and surgical incision technique. We found that lateral rhinotomy Weber Ferguson incision showed excellent exposure. Vision and facial nerve function were preserved as well as good facial symmetry and aesthetics and recurrence prevention. Regular follow-up is necessary for young OF patients.