bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Previous Cancer and/or Lymphoma in Patients with Refractory IBD - Con: Anti-TNF or Conventional Immunosuppressive Treatment
Authors: Mantzaris Gerassimos J.
Published: December 2014

Patients with IBD and prior cancer are at increased risk of developing recurrent or de novo cancer. Depending on the type of malignancy, risk factors include IBD itself, age, environmental factors, genetic susceptibility and exposure to immunosuppressants (IMS), namely thiopurines, methotrexate and anti-TNFα biologics. The procarcinogenic effect of IMS depends on the type of drug and length of exposure. Thiopurines increase the rates of nonmelanoma skin cancer and lymphomas. Methotrexate is less harmful, but data are scarce. Evidence favoring the ‘safety' of anti-TNF monotherapy is weak because most patients have been exposed to combinations of IMS prior to the development of malignancy. Anti-TNFα biologics may promote tumor proliferation and increase the risk of melanomas. Exclusion of these patients from trials with biologics, physician concerns or fear of incident cancers and medicolegal consequences, and patient concerns have led to a paucity of data regarding IMS treatment of patients with a prior malignancy. In the absence of guidelines, IMS should be avoided especially during the first 2 years after commencing cancer therapy. Depending on disease type, location and severity, 5-ASA, antibiotics, enteric nutrition, steroids alone or in combinations, seton placement, and ‘curative' or ‘diverting' surgery may allow for a crucial drug-holiday period before readministration of IMS. Preventive measures include smoking cessation, UV solar protection, annual skin examination and Pap test. If unavoidable, methotrexate should be the drug of first choice followed by anti-TNFα and then thiopurines. Patients should be managed on a case-by-case basis by a multidisciplinary team of experts.
Listening to Music during Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy Decreases Anxiety, Pain and Dissatisfaction in Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chang Yun Hee , Oh Tae Hoon , Lee Jae Whan , Park Seung Chol , Seo Ill Young , Jeong Hee Jong , Kwon Whi-An
Published: December 2014

Objective: To determine whether listening to music during transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided 12-core needle prostate biopsy decreases anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction among patients and results in a more comfortable and better tolerated procedure. Patients and Methods: 76 male patients who underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsy between March 2013 and June 2014 were randomized into the following groups: no music (group I, n = 38) or classical music (group II, n = 38) during the procedure. Before TRUS-guided prostate biopsy, lidocaine gel was instilled into the rectum. Patient anxiety levels were quantified using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A visual analog scale (0-10) was used for self-assessment of satisfaction, discomfort and willingness among patients to have a repeat TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. Results: Demographic characteristics, mean age, procedure duration and procedure indications did not differ statistically between the two groups. The mean anxiety level and mean pain score of group II were significantly lower than those of group I (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Group II also had a significantly higher mean satisfaction score than group I (p = 0.007). Before the procedure, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were similar in groups I and II; however, after the procedure, levels were lower in group II than in group I (heart rate, p = 0.014; systolic blood pressure, p = 0.011). Conclusion: Listening to music during TRUS-guided prostate biopsy significantly reduced patients' feelings of pain, discomfort and dissatisfaction. Music can serve as a simple, inexpensive and effective adjunct to sedation during TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. We recommend playing music during TRUS-guided prostate biopsy.
Annexin A1 Counteracts Chemokine-Induced Arterial Myeloid Cell Recruitment
Authors: Drechsler Maik , de Jong Renske , Rossaint Jan , Viola Joana R. , Leoni Giovanna , Wang Ji Ming , Grommes Jochen , Hinkel Rabea , Kupatt Christian , Weber Christian , Döring Yvonne , Zarbock Alexander , Soehnlein Oliver
Published: December 2014

Rationale:

Chemokine-controlled arterial leukocyte recruitment is a crucial process in atherosclerosis. Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is a chemoattractant receptor that recognizes proinflammatory and proresolving ligands. The contribution of FPR2 and its proresolving ligand annexin A1 to atherosclerotic lesion formation is largely undefined.

Objective:

Because of the ambivalence of FPR2 ligands, we here investigate the role of FPR2 and its resolving ligand annexin A1 in atherogenesis.

Methods and Results:

Deletion of FPR2 or its ligand annexin A1 enhances atherosclerotic lesion formation, arterial myeloid cell adhesion, and recruitment. Mechanistically, we identify annexin A1 as an endogenous inhibitor of integrin activation evoked by the chemokines CCL5, CCL2, and CXCL1. Specifically, the annexin A1 fragment Ac2-26 counteracts conformational activation and clustering of integrins on myeloid cells evoked by CCL5, CCL2, and CXCL1 through inhibiting activation of the small GTPase Rap1. In vivo administration of Ac2-26 largely diminishes arterial recruitment of myeloid cells in a FPR2-dependent fashion. This effect is also observed in the presence of selective antagonists to CCR5, CCR2, or CXCR2, whereas Ac2-26 was without effect when all 3 chemokine receptors were antagonized simultaneously. Finally, repeated treatment with Ac2-26 reduces atherosclerotic lesion sizes and lesional macrophage accumulation.

Conclusions:

Instructing the annexin A1-FPR2 axis harbors a novel approach to target arterial leukocyte recruitment. With the ability of Ac2-26 to counteract integrin activation exerted by various chemokines, delivery of Ac2-26 may be superior in inhibition of arterial leukocyte recruitment when compared with blocking individual chemokine receptors.
Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 3 Deficiency or Inhibition Limits Platelet Activation and Arterial Thrombosis
Authors: Musumeci Lucia , Kuijpers Marijke J. , Gilio Karen , Hego Alexandre , Théâtre Emilie , Maurissen Lisbeth , Vandereyken Maud , Diogo Catia V , Lecut Christelle , Guilmain William , Bobkova Ekaterina V. , Eble Johannes A. , Dahl Russell , Drion Pierre , Rascon Justin , Mostofi Yalda , Yuan Hongbin , Sergienko Eduard , Chung Thomas D.Y. , Thiry Marc , Senis Yotis , Moutschen Michel , Mustelin Tomas , Lancellotti Patrizio , Heemskerk Johan W.M. , Tautz Lutz , Oury Cécile , Rahmouni Souad
Published: December 2014

Background—

A limitation of current antiplatelet therapies is their inability to separate thrombotic events from bleeding occurrences. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to platelet activation is important for the development of improved therapies. Recently, protein tyrosine phosphatases have emerged as critical regulators of platelet function.

Methods and Results—

This is the first report implicating the dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3) in platelet signaling and thrombosis. This phosphatase is highly expressed in human and mouse platelets. Platelets from DUSP3-deficient mice displayed a selective impairment of aggregation and granule secretion mediated by the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI and the C-type lectin-like receptor 2. DUSP3-deficient mice were more resistant to collagen- and epinephrine-induced thromboembolism compared with wild-type mice and showed severely impaired thrombus formation on ferric chloride–induced carotid artery injury. Intriguingly, bleeding times were not altered in DUSP3-deficient mice. At the molecular level, DUSP3 deficiency impaired Syk tyrosine phosphorylation, subsequently reducing phosphorylation of phospholipase Cγ2 and calcium fluxes. To investigate DUSP3 function in human platelets, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of DUSP3 was developed. This compound specifically inhibited collagen- and C-type lectin-like receptor 2–induced human platelet aggregation, thereby phenocopying the effect of DUSP3 deficiency in murine cells.

Conclusions—

DUSP3 plays a selective and essential role in collagen- and C-type lectin-like receptor 2–mediated platelet activation and thrombus formation in vivo. Inhibition of DUSP3 may prove therapeutic for arterial thrombosis. This is the first time a protein tyrosine phosphatase, implicated in platelet signaling, has been targeted with a small-molecule drug.
Age, Sex, and Hospital Factors Are Associated With the Duration of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Hospitalized Patients Who Do Not Experience Sustained Return of Spontaneous Circulation
Authors: Khan Abigail M. , Kirkpatrick James N. , Yang Lin , Groeneveld Peter W. , Nadkarni Vinay M. , Merchant Raina M. ,   the American Heart Association's Get With the Guidelines‐Resuscitation (GWTG‐R) Investigators
Published: December 2014

Background

Variability in the duration of attempted in‐hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (
CPR
) is high, but the factors influencing termination of
CPR
efforts are unknown.

Methods and Results

We examined the association between patient and hospital characteristics and
CPR
duration in 45 500 victims of in‐hospital cardiac arrest who did not experience return of spontaneous circulation (
ROSC
) and who were enrolled in the Get With the Guidelines registry between 2001 and 2010. In a secondary analysis, we performed analyses in 46 168 victims of
in‐hospital cardiac arrest
who experienced
ROSC
. We used ordered logistic regression to identify factors associated with
CPR
duration. Analyses were conducted by tertile of
CPR
duration (tertiles:
ROSC
group: 2 to 7, 8 to 17, and 18 to 120 minutes; no‐
ROSC
group: 2 to 16, 17 to 26, 27 to 120 minutes). In those without
ROSC
, younger age (aged 18 to 40 versus >65 years; odds ratio [
OR]
1.81; 95%
CI
1.69 to 1.95;
P
<0.001), female sex (
OR
1.05; 95%
CI
1.02 to 1.09;
P
=0.005), ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (
OR
1.50; 95%
CI
1.42 to 1.58;
P
<0.001), and the need to place an invasive airway (
OR
2.59; 95%
CI
2.46 to 2.72;
P
<0.001) were associated with longer
CPR
duration. In those with
ROSC
, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (
OR
0.89; 95%
CI
0.85 to 0.93;
P
<0.001) and witnessed events (
OR
0.87; 95%
CI
0.82 to 0.91;
P
<0.001) were associated with shorter duration.

Conclusions

Age and sex were associated with attempted
CPR
duration in patients who do not experience
ROSC
after in‐hospital cardiac arrest but not in those who experience
ROSC
. Understanding the mechanism of these interactions may help explain variability in outcomes for in‐hospital cardiac arrest.
Deficiency of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Delays Inflammatory Response in the Heart Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Daniel Laura L. , Daniels Christopher R. , Harirforoosh Saghar , Foster Cerrone R. , Singh Mahipal , Singh Krishna
Published: December 2014

Background

Ataxia‐telangiectasia results from mutations in ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (
ATM
) gene. We recently reported that
ATM
deficiency attenuates left ventricular (
LV
) dysfunction and dilatation 7 days after myocardial infarction (
MI
) with increased apoptosis and fibrosis. Here we investigated the role of
ATM
in the induction of inflammatory response, and activation of survival signaling molecules in the heart acute post‐
MI
.

Methods and Results

LV structure, function, inflammatory response, and biochemical parameters were measured in wild‐type (WT) and ATM heterozygous knockout (
hKO
) mice 1 and 3 days post‐MI. ATM deficiency had no effect on infarct size. MI‐induced decline in heart function, as measured by changes in percent fractional shortening, ejection fraction and LV end systolic and diastolic volumes, was lower in
hKO
‐MI versus WT‐MI (n=10 to 12). The number of neutrophils and macrophages was significantly lower in the infarct LV region of
hKO
versus WT 1 day post‐MI. Fibrosis and expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (myofibroblast marker) were higher in
hKO
‐MI, while active TGF‐β1 levels were higher in the WT‐MI 3 days post‐MI. Myocyte cross‐sectional area was higher in
hKO
‐sham with no difference between the two MI groups. MMP‐9 protein levels were similarly increased in the infarct LV region of both MI groups. Apoptosis was significantly higher in the infarct LV region of
hKO
at both time points. Akt activation was lower, while Bax expression was higher in
hKO
‐MI infarct.

Conclusion

ATM
deficiency results in decreased dilative remodeling and delays inflammatory response acute post‐
MI
. However, it associates with increased fibrosis and apoptosis.
On the Miocene Cyprideis species flock (Ostracoda; Crustacea) of Western Amazonia (Solimões Formation): Refining taxonomy on species level
Authors: Gross Martin , Ramos Maria Ines F. , Piller Werner E.
Published: December 2014

The Miocene mega-wetland of western Amazonia holds a diverse, largely endemic ostracod fauna. Among them, especially the genus Cyprideis experienced a remarkable radiation. Micropalaeontologic investigations of a 400 m long sediment core (~62 km SW Benjamin Constant, Amazonia, Brazil) permitted a taxonomic revision of about two-thirds of hitherto described Cyprideis species. We evaluate the diagnostic value of shell characters and provide an extensive illustration of the intraspecific variability of species. Based on comparative morphology, the 20 recorded Cyprideis species are arranged in groups and subgroups. The “smooth” group comprises C. amazonica, C. kotzianae, C. kroemmelbeini, C. machadoi, C. multiradiata, C. olivencai, C. paralela and C. simplex; the “ornate” group C. curucae nom. nov., C. cyrtoma, C. aff. graciosa, C. inversa, C. ituiae n. sp., C. matorae n. sp., C. minipunctata, C. munoztorresi nom. nov., C. pebasae, C. reticulopunctata, C. schedogymnos and C. sulcosigmoidalis. Five species have been revalidated, two renamed, two synonymised and two are new descriptions. Along with 10 further formally established species, for which a review is pending, Cyprideis keeps at least 30 endemic species in that region during Miocene times. Up to 12 Cyprideis species have been found to occur sympatrically, representing >90 % of the entire ostracod fauna. Ostracod index species enable a biostratigraphic allocation of the well succession to the Cyprideis minipunctata to Cyprideis cyrtoma biozones, corresponding to a late Middle to early Late Miocene age (late Serravallian–early Tortonian).
The Response of the Indian Ocean Dipole Asymmetry to Anthropogenic Aerosols and Greenhouse Gases
Authors: Cowan Tim , Cai Wenju , Ng Benjamin , England Matthew
Published: December 2014

The tropical Indian Ocean has experienced a faster warming rate in the west than in the east over the twentieth century. The warming pattern resembles a positive Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) that is well captured by climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), forced with the two main anthropogenic forcings, long-lived greenhouse gases (GHGs), and aerosols. However, much less is known about how GHGs and aerosols influence the IOD asymmetry, including the negative sea surface temperature (SST) skewness in the east IOD pole (IODE). Here, it is shown that the IODE SST negative skewness is more enhanced by aerosols than by GHGs using single-factor forcing experiments from 10 CMIP5 models. Aerosols induce a greater mean zonal thermocline gradient along the tropical Indian Ocean than that forced by GHGs, whereby the thermocline is deeper in the east relative to the west. This generates strong asymmetry in the SST response to thermocline anomalies between warm and cool IODE phases in the aerosol-only experiments, enhancing the negative IODE SST skewness. Other feedback processes involving zonal wind, precipitation, and evaporation cannot solely explain the enhanced SST skewness by aerosols. An interexperiment comparison in one model with strong skewness confirms that the mean zonal thermocline gradient across the Indian Ocean determines the magnitude of the SST–thermocline asymmetry, which in turn controls the SST skewness strength. The findings suggest that as aerosol emissions decline and GHGs increase, this will likely contribute to a future weakening of the IODE SST skewness.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Overweight/Obese Children Compared With Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Faus Amy L. , Turchi Renee M. , Polansky Marcia , Berez Andrea , Leibowitz Karen L.
Published: December 2014

Purpose. This study examined the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of pediatric patients with overweight/obesity compared with that of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods. Differences between disease groups in their PedsQL 4.0 HRQOL survey scores were analyzed using unpaired t tests and analyses of variance. Results. Scores of patients with overweight/obesity were as low as scores of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Parent/guardian-proxy social functioning scores of the overweight/obese group were statistically significantly lower than scores of the inflammatory bowel disease group, and the parents/guardians reported significantly lower HRQOL scores than the patients. Conclusions. Overweight/obese children have HRQOL scores as impaired as those of children with inflammatory bowel disease. According to proxy-reported scores, overweight/obesity is associated with lower social functioning. Thus, it is important for health care providers to recognize obesity’s relationship to patients’ psychosocial health and provide holistic care that addresses the severity of this disease.
The effect of IPSAS on reforming governmental financial reporting: an international comparison
Authors: Christiaens Johan , Vanhee Christophe , Manes-Rossi Francesca , Aversano Natalia , van Cauwenberge Philippe
Published: December 2014

Over the past 25 years, significant New Public Management (NPM) reforms, particularly towards accrual accounting, have characterized the public sector in many countries. The diversity in public financial information systems created a need for harmonization, resulting in the elaboration of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). Despite their relevance, little is known on the adoption process of IPSAS. This study aims to examine to what extent IPSAS(-like) accrual accounting is adopted in central/local governments worldwide as well as to investigate which factors affect the differing level of their adoption. Methodologically, a specific questionnaire constructed to obtain relevant information from local experts was sent worldwide to a sample of countries. The study reveals an important move to accrual accounting, particularly to IPSAS accrual accounting, for which there still remains a level of reluctance mainly in central governments, especially in countries where businesslike accrual accounting has been developed.

Points for practitioners

IPSAS have become the international reference for the development of public sector accounting systems worldwide. For this reason, IPSAS deserve the attention of accounting policy-makers, practitioners and scholars. The current study offers a comparative study of the level of adopting IPSAS worldwide as well as an explanation of the reasons behind the differing levels of adoption. The present study reveals that the transition towards IPSAS necessitates a long period of implementation whereby existing local business accounting regulations hinder jurisdictions from implementing international standards. The explanatory findings provide input for reformers and legislators when designing and developing financial information reforms.
Trauma and the Bible: The Artist’s Response
Authors: O’Kane Martin
Published: December 2014

This essay explores how artists have used biblical themes and characters to convey the universal experiences of trauma, anguish, and suffering. In following or subverting standard iconographical conventions, they produced works of stunning originality that encourage the viewer to engage with the biblical texts they depicted in original and creative ways.
The Old Testament as Controlled Substance: How Insights from Trauma Studies Reveal Healing Capacities in Potentially Harmful Texts
Authors: Frechette Christopher G.
Published: December 2014

The essay discusses how biblical interpreters employ the concept of trauma reflected in the Old Testament and theories of symbolic representation that can help foster recovery from trauma. The book of Jeremiah, as a test case, demonstrates the healing capacity of the metaphor of suffering as divine punishment.
Spirit and Trauma
Authors: Rambo Shelly
Published: December 2014

Life following an overwhelming event of violence is fundamentally changed. Survivors struggle to reconcile their present experience of life—reconfigured through trauma—with their experience of faith. When individuals and religious communities try to put the events behind them and proclaim the good news before its time, they fail to attend to the ongoing realities of a death that do not go away. This essay explores a theology that witnesses to what remains.
The Louvain Library and US Ambition in Interwar Belgium
Authors: Proctor Tammy M.
Published: December 2014

This article analyzes the ordeal that became the ‘Louvain Library Controversy' in order to demonstrate competing visions of postwar memory and reconstruction that emerged in the 1920s. As a country trying to mediate between the claims of its larger neighbors (Germany, France, and Britain), Belgium provides an excellent window into the climate of postwar Europe and US intervention. I argue that the controversies that surrounded the Louvain Library reconstruction reflect three main themes that plagued European–US relations in the 1920s: first, US pretensions as Europe’s cultural protector; second, US economic power over debt and reparation questions; and last, the question of reconciliation in the wake of war. For Belgium and other European nations, the experience of being the object of aid for the United States of America led to a reassertion of sovereignty and autonomy in the face of external interference, exposing the gaps between Americans’ assumptions about their roles and responsibilities in Europe and Europeans’ sense of their own role in rebuilding their world. For Americans, the controversy demonstrated the perils of US ‘generosity' and its price in postwar Europe.
Our Bodies, Ourselves: The Transnational Connections of 1970s Italian and Roman Feminism
Authors: Bracke Maud Anne
Published: December 2014

This article presents an approach to studying processes of transnational exchange and reception between social movements. It does so by focusing on a locally situated case study: the movement for women’s reproductive and sexual health and rights in 1970s Rome. A focal point in ‘second-wave’ Italian feminism, these groups were profoundly shaped by feminist debates and practices in, notably, the USA and France. The analysis highlights the centrality of local actors in translating, appropriating and re-(and de-)contextualizing transnational sources, thus transforming their meanings. Questioning the often automatic status ascribed to the nation-state as analytical framework, the article illustrates that re-contextualization equally takes place on the local (as distinct from national) level, and that these layered transfer processes are central to understanding the complexity and effectiveness of postwar social movements such as feminism.
Measuring the Sources of Self-Efficacy Among Secondary School Music Students
Authors: Zelenak Michael S.
Published: December 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the four sources of self-efficacy in music performance and examine responses from the Music Performance Self-Efficacy Scale (MPSES). Participants ( N = 290) were middle and high school music students from 10 schools in two regions of the United States. Questions included the following: (1) How much influence does each source have on self-efficacy? (2) Are there differences among band, chorus, and string students? (3) Are there differences between middle and high school students? (4) Does music aptitude predict self-efficacy, and (5) Does evidence support the MPSES as a valid and reliable scale? Results indicated that mastery experience exerted the strongest influence, no differences were found among ensemble types or grade levels, and music aptitude scores predicted modest increases in self-efficacy, β = .16 (.07). Examination of test content, response process, internal structure, and relationships with other variables provided evidence of validity, while internal consistency and test-retest values provided evidence of reliability. Recommendations for further research included examining the development of self-efficacy at different ages, measuring the relationships between the sources of self-efficacy and music achievement, and using the MPSES to assist in the investigations of other psychological constructs, such as self-identity and motivation.
Rhythmic Engagement With Music in Early Childhood
Authors: Ilari Beatriz
Published: December 2014

The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend previous findings on spontaneous movement and rhythmic engagement with music in infancy. Using the identical stimuli and procedures from the original study, I investigated spontaneous rhythmic movements in response to music, infant-directed speech, and contrasting rhythmic patterns in 30 Brazilian infants (ages 5, 11, and 19 months). Findings were consistent with the original study in that more spontaneous rhythmic movements were found in response to music and metrically regular stimuli than to speech. Brazilian babies, however, showed higher means for spontaneous rhythmic movement to music than those reported in the original study. Consistent with the developmental systems approach, these results suggest that culture plays a larger role in spontaneous rhythmic engagement to music and rhythmic entrainment than previously suggested.
Drug Taking and Employment: Exploring the Employable Citizen in UK Policy
Authors: Smith Charlotte , Riach Kathleen
Published: December 2014

This article extends contemporary debates surrounding drug taking and employment through exploring the importance of economic participation in UK anti-drug policy. Specifically, we undertake a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of recent drug-taking policy documents to demonstrate how key ideological repertoires position drug consumption as the antithesis of economic potential and the productive subject. Engaging with recent critiques of neoliberalism, we develop the concept of the ‘employable citizen’ to (i) capture the increasing regulation of working identities deemed viable or appropriate, and (ii) foreground the connections between the spaces of drug taking and employment. After analysing the taxonomies that connect drug taking and the employable citizen, we discuss how our findings inform the broader regulation of drug-taking policy. We then conclude by examining the implications of the employable citizen as an ideological position and its consequences in terms of influencing policy and organizational discussions surrounding drug taking and employment.
Difficult texts
Authors: Fout Jason
Published: December 2014

The notion of the fear of God – as found in Exodus 20.18–21 for example – is often misunderstood as either a visceral response to God's overwhelming presence or an emotional reaction to God's anger. But fear of God is better understood as obedience to God, involving a person in the good and the right. One who fears God is not fearful in a conventional sense, but opened to act boldly before another, obeying the commandments which God has given.
The sting in the Psalms, Part 2
Authors: Goldingay John , Goldingay Kathleen Scott
Published: December 2014

In this paper we take up two overlapping aspects of the way in which the toughness of the Psalms can fulfill a constructive function. The first part (chiefly the work of Kathleen Scott Goldingay), published in the previous issue of Theology, looked at the way their poetic nature can have an ethical effect on the person who uses them. This second part (chiefly the work of John Goldingay) considers the significance of using the imprecatory psalms.1
Psychology’s Lost Boy
Authors: Griggs Richard A.
Published: December 2014

This article is concerned with the recent debate about the identity of psychology’s lost boy—Little Albert, the infant subject in Watson and Rayner’s classic experiment on fear conditioning. For decades, psychologists and psychology students have been intrigued by the mystery of Albert’s fate. Now two evidentiary-based solutions to this mystery have been proposed. Given the present absence of coverage in introductory textbooks, the purpose of this article is to provide a cornerstone resource for teachers to use as an advance organizer to the literature on this debate. Synopses of the search and resulting evidence for each candidate are provided. A summative comparison of the evidence indicates that Albert Barger is likely Little Albert and that Douglas Merritte is not.
Highly Prevalent but Not Always Persistent
Authors: Hughes Sean , Lyddy Fiona , Kaplan Robin , Nichols Austin Lee , Miller Haylie , Saad Carmel Gabriel , Dukes Kristin , Lynch Amy-Jo
Published: December 2014

Although past research has documented the prevalence of misconceptions in introductory psychology classes, few studies have assessed how readily upper-level undergraduate and graduate students endorse erroneous beliefs about the discipline. In Study 1, we administered a 30-item misconception test to an international sample of 670 undergraduate, master’s, and doctoral students. Analyses indicated that participants identified and rejected the majority of misconceptions, with doctoral students performing better than their master’s or undergraduate peers. In Study 2, we administered a revised version of our questionnaire to a novel sample of 557 students while controlling for number of years spent at university, psychology courses completed, and need for cognition. Once again, we found that graduate students rejected more, affirmed less, and reported lower levels of uncertainty than their undergraduate counterparts. Educational implications and future research directions are discussed.
The demise of a model? The state of collective bargaining and worker representation in Germany
Authors: Addison John T , Teixeira Paulino , Pahnke André , Bellmann Lutz
Published: December 2014

This article investigates collective bargaining trends in the German private sector since 2000. Using data from the IAB Establishment Panel and the German Establishment History Panel, it provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence on these developments. It confirms that the hemorrhaging of sectoral bargaining, first observed in the 1980s and 1990s, is ongoing. Furthermore, works councils are also in decline, so that the dual system also displays erosion. For their part, any increases in collective bargaining at firm level have been minimal in recent years, while the behavior of newly-founded and closing establishments does not seem to lie at the root of a burgeoning collective bargaining free sector. Although there are few obvious signs of an organic reversal of the process, some revitalization of the bargaining system from above is implied by the labor policies of the new coalition government.
A Review of Interorganizational Collaboration Dynamics
Authors: Majchrzak Ann , Jarvenpaa Sirkka L. , Bagherzadeh Mehdi
Published: December 2014

A selected review of the research literature on qualitative case studies describing interorganizational collaborations (IOCs) yielded 22 longitudinal cases that address dynamics, or changes, that occur during IOCs. We systematically review the cases for the sources and effects of these IOC dynamics on outcomes. We find six distinct patterns of IOC dynamics varying in complexity from a simple binary loop to multiloop recursive flows. We also find that the more complex dynamic patterns are associated with successful outcomes. This review highlights directions for future research with the aim to advance the literature on IOC dynamics.
Future Emergencies: Temporal Politics in Law and Economy
Authors: Opitz Sven , Tellmann Ute
Published: December 2014

This article develops a notion of the ‘politics of time’ in order to analyse the effects that imaginations of future emergencies have in the fields of law and economy. Building on Niklas Luhmann’s theory of social time, it focuses on the multiplex temporalities in contemporary society, which are shown to interact differently with the ‘emergency imaginary’. We demonstrate that the apprehension of the future in terms of sudden, unpredictable and potentially catastrophic events reinforces current modes of producing financial futurity, while it undermines the procedural rhythm and retroactive sentencing of liberal law. As a whole, the article supplements the analysis of the ‘politics of truth’ prevalent in the current debate about precaution and pre-emption with a theoretical perspective on social temporality.
Ungodly Subjects: Protestants in National-Catholic Spain, 1939–53
Authors: Vincent Mary
Published: December 2014

This article examines the little-known history of the Protestant minority in Spain in the years after Franco’s victory in 1939, looking at the reality of Catholic ‘unity’ and the position of the internal ‘other’ under National-Catholicism – the hegemonic ideological expression of Franco’s Spain. Arguing that, rather than substituting for fascism, National-Catholicism in fact served as a transitional rhetoric, the article examines the anti-Protestant campaigns of the late 1940s, illuminating the position of religious minorities and their paradoxical position in post-Civil War Spain. Excoriated as a ‘foreign’ enemy, Protestantism was discriminated against but its adherents were never treated with the savagery meted out to the political opposition and, in some cases, they received legal and police support. The ecclesiastical authorities promulgated the language of anti-Protestantism but there is little evidence that they convinced the public that Protestants were a real and immediate danger, even before the move towards toleration and religious freedom in the 1960s.
The Yale human grasping dataset: Grasp, object, and task data in household and machine shop environments
Authors: Bullock Ian M. , Feix Thomas , Dollar Aaron M.
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a dataset of human grasping behavior in unstructured environments. Wide-angle head-mounted camera video was recorded from two housekeepers and two machinists during their regular work activities, and the grasp types, objects, and tasks were analyzed and coded by study staff. The full dataset contains 27.7 hours of tagged video and represents a wide range of manipulative behaviors spanning much of the typical human hand usage. We provide the original videos, a spreadsheet including the tagged grasp type, object, and task parameters, time information for each successive grasp, and video screenshots for each instance. Example code is provided for MATLAB and R, demonstrating how to load in the dataset and produce simple plots.
Does Alcohol or Delinquency Help Adolescents Feel Better Over Time? A Study on the Influence of Heavy Drinking and Violent/Property Offending on Negative Emotions
Authors: Jang Sung Joon , Ferguson Todd W. , Rhodes Jeremy R.
Published: December 2014

Conceptualizing adolescent drinking and delinquency as adaptations to strain, we explore whether they (a) decrease or increase the probability of feeling depression and anxiety later and (b) ameliorate or aggravate the effect of strain on the negative emotions over time. These relationships are also examined for gender differences by analyzing data separately for males and females as well as both combined. We conducted ordinary least squares regression analysis of panel data from the first two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Heavy drinking and serious delinquency were found to increase the probability of feeling depression and anxiety later, whereas they tend to ameliorate the emotionally deleterious effect of strain for males and, to a lesser extent, females.
Inverse determination of the regularized residual stress and eigenstrain fields due to surface peening
Authors: Faghidian S Ali
Published: December 2014

A modified stress function approach is developed for reconstruction of residual stress and eigenstrain fields from limited experimental measurements. The modified approach is successfully applied to three experimental case studies where residual stresses are introduced by surface peening. The smooth reconstructed residual fields not only minimize the deviation of measurements from its approximation but also satisfy all continuum mechanics requirements. Furthermore, a comprehensive discussion is performed on regularity of the solution in Tikhonov scheme and the regularization parameter is then determined utilizing Morozov discrepancy principle. Newton iterative method is also shown to have an excellent fast convergence to the regularization parameter while effectively reduces the computational cost.
African American Emerging Adults’ Perspectives on Taking Asthma Controller Medication
Authors: MacDonell Karen Kolmodin , Carcone April Idalski , Naar-King Sylvie , Gibson-Scipio Wanda , Lam Phebe
Published: December 2014

This study included African Americans with asthma in emerging adulthood, a developmental period largely neglected in the research literature but known to be a time of great risk asthma morbidity and mortality. We conducted thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews ( N = 19) to explore barriers to adherence in the context of the transition into adulthood. Key themes for non-adherence emerged after careful follow-up prompting by the interviewer: forgetting to take medications, deciding not to take medications as prescribed, and systemic barriers. Clinicians and researchers interested in improving adherence should carefully assess barriers to adherence when working with this population. Effective adherence interventions should target both intentional and unintentional reasons for non-adherence behavior and take into account the unique developmental needs of emerging adults.
Beyond the Strategic Retreat? Explaining Urban Water Privatization’s Shallow Expansion in Low- and Middle-income Countries
Authors: Pierce Gregory
Published: December 2014

This article explains changes in the literature on urban water privatization in low- and middle-income countries and demonstrates the need for a revised research agenda. Since the Great Recession, privatization practice has subtly evolved, but scholarship has been slow to follow. This period of shallow growth is characterized by phenomena that have gone largely understudied: direct negotiation between private firms and cities, the greater role of domestic firms, privatization by coproduction, and a new geography. This study proposes a typology for planners to assess whether and where different forms of privatization may enhance water service in this new era.
Prevalence and Impact of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Among an Ethnic Minority Population
Authors: Hellemans Sabine , Loeys Tom , Buysse Ann , De Smet Olivia
Published: December 2014

The present study examined the prevalence of lifetime experiences of physical and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) among members of the Turkish ethnic minority population in Flanders. In addition, this study explored how lifetime IPV victimization affects ethnic minority victims’ current mental, relational, and sexual well-being. Using a population-based representative sample, data from 392 adult Turkish women and men were investigated. Lifetime experiences of physical violence were reported by 14.3% of the Turkish respondents, while 66.0% reported at least one incidence of psychological abuse. Women were much more likely than men to report physical IPV victimization, but no gender differences were found for psychological IPV. With regard to the impact of IPV, it was found that lifetime IPV experiences do not appear to affect victims’ current mental health. However, higher levels of physical and/or psychological IPV victimization were related to increased levels of relationship dissatisfaction, anxious and avoidant attachment orientations, sexual dissatisfaction, sexual dysfunction (with distress), and to decreased levels of sexual communication. These adverse relational and sexual outcomes of IPV victimization were mainly present among women but were also, to a lesser degree, relevant for men.
Reconsidering the Criminalization Debate
Authors: Ballard Ellen , Teasdale Brent
Published: December 2014

It is widely accepted that individuals with major mental disorders are arrested at significantly higher rates when compared with non-disordered individuals. However, theoretical consensus regarding the cause of the arrest disparity still eludes researchers today. Two prevailing perspectives have dominated the debate—criminalization and criminality. Criminalization proponents argue the arrest disparity results from structural forces in society that have increasingly caused persons with mental disorders to come into contact with the justice system. Criminality proponents argue that the source of the disparity is the increased criminal behavior of persons with mental disorders. This study tests competing hypotheses drawn from these two perspectives. We analyze data from a sample of individuals recently released from psychiatric hospitals and a comparison sample of individuals from the same communities. Results of multivariate logistic regression models predicting arrest provide support for both perspectives. Implications of this research and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Inside the Black Box
Authors: Liu Siyu , Pickett Justin T. , Baker Thomas
Published: December 2014

The current study investigates how visitation affects inmates’ social capital and whether it influences inmates’ perceptions of costs incurred by their family members and friends as a result of incarceration. We use data from a recent survey of male prisoners to examine different aspects of visitation, such as types of visitors and frequency of visitation. The findings suggest that prison visitation contributes to the maintenance of inmates’ social capital and could potentially shape their perceptions of the informal costs of reoffending. Regular visitation during incarceration may play a crucial role in successful reentry.
Bisphenol A Concentration in Breast Milk following Consumption of a Canned Coffee Drink
Authors: Tateoka Yumiko
Published: December 2014

Background:

Bisphenol A (BPA) is generally considered to be an endocrine disruptor. Previous reports indicate that the BPA content in breast milk is higher than that in serum; however, BPA is considered to be excreted in the urine and not to accumulate in the body.

Objective:

The current study aimed at evaluating the migration of BPA from a commercially available canned coffee drink in a container that was coated with vinyl chloride resin into breast milk.

Methods:

Ten women who had breastfed for ≥12 months, were ready to cease breastfeeding, and drank commercially available canned coffee drinks daily were approached to participate. A canned coffee drink in which the can contained vinyl chloride resin was chosen. Samples (5 mL each) of urine and breast milk were collected prior to and after ingestion (1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h) of a 190-mL canned coffee drink. BPA measurements were conducted using an ELISA kit.

Results:

Each 190-mL can of coffee contained 196.9 ng/mL BPA, resulting in 37.4 μg that was consumed in each drink. In breast milk, peak BPA excretion occurred at 1 hour; in urine, excretion occurred rapidly during the first hour, remaining relatively unchanged at 2 hours.

Conclusion:

The present results indicate that BPA is excreted into the breast milk in addition to the urine and feces. Therefore, it is important to reduce both direct and indirect dietary BPA intake.
Formulation and tensile characterization of wood–plastic composites
Authors: Mijiyawa Fayçal , Koffi Demagna , Kokta Bohuslav V , Erchiqui Fouad
Published: December 2014

This study reports the effects of wood fibers and 3 wt% maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene used as coupling agent on the tensile properties of polypropylene/wood composites. Compounding was done in a roller-based internal batch mixer followed by compression molding. Our findings show that both birch and aspen wood fibers improve the elastic modulus and the tensile strength of composites, and the chemical treatment improves the fiber–matrix interface. A comparison of experimental results’ elastic modulus with micromechanics theoretical models shows that the Lavengood–Goettler model is closer to experimental data. Also the results showed that the polypropylene/wood composites’ elastic modulus exceeds high-performance thermoplastics commonly used in gears manufacturing. Thus, the price of polypropylene/wood fibers makes it a viable alternative for similar application.
Agrowaste-based composites from cocoa pod husk and polypropylene
Authors: Chun Koay Seong , Husseinsyah Salmah
Published: December 2014

Cocoa pod husk (CPH)-filled polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared via melt compounding. The effect of filler content and chemical treatment using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on properties of composites were investigated. The results indicated that the treated composites with MPS and SDS improved the tensile strength, tensile modulus, thermal stability, stabilization torque, water resistivity, and crystallinity of composites. The treated composites with SDS show better tensile properties and water resistivity than composites treated with MPS. Scanning electron microscopic results show that the interfacial bonding between CPH and PP matrix improved with the presence of MPS or SDS.
Improving Survey Response Rates in Online Panels
Authors: Pedersen Mogens Jin , Nielsen Christian Videbæk
Published: December 2014

Identifying ways to efficiently maximize the response rate to surveys is important in survey-based research. However, evidence on the response rate effect of donation incentives and especially altruistic and egotistic text appeal interventions is sparse and ambiguous. Via a randomized survey experiment among 6,162 members of an online survey panel, this article shows how low-cost incentives and cost-free text appeal interventions may affect the survey response rate in online panels. The experimental treatments comprise (a) a cash prize lottery incentive, (b) two donation incentives that promise a monetary donation to a good cause in return for survey response, (c) an egotistic text appeal, and (d) an altruistic text appeal. Relative to a control group, we find higher response rates among recipients of the egotistic text appeal and the lottery incentive. Donation incentives yield lower response rates.
Hardiness, Perceived Employability, and Career Decision Self-Efficacy Among Taiwanese College Students
Authors: Huang Jie-Tsuen
Published: December 2014

Past empirical evidence has demonstrated that personality traits predict career decision self-efficacy. This study extends previous research by proposing and testing a model that examines the mediating roles of perceived internal and external employability on the relationship between personality hardiness and career decision self-efficacy. Using survey data collected from a sample of 220 college students in Taiwan, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results showed that perceived internal employability partially mediated the relationship between hardiness and career decision self-efficacy, but perceived external employability did not. Implications for career counseling and suggestions for future research are discussed.