bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A matematikaoktatás környezete
Authors: Dudok Fanni , Dudok Réka
Published: March 2020

Az eredményesség és az oktatás kapcsolatának vizsgálatára már több lehetséges stratégiát is kidolgoztak, jelentéseket és esettanulmányokat készítettek. A kutatások célja minden esetben az volt, hogy feltárják azokat a tényezőket, amelyek hátráltatják vagy elősegítik egy-egy ország oktatási rendszerének eredményességét. Az oktatási rendszerek változásán túl a matematika oktatása is változásokon ment keresztül hazánkban is. A matematikaoktatás területén az ország sikeressége és hatékonysága számos egymással összefüggő nemzeti jellemzőtől és döntéstől függ. A matematika területén készült nemzetközi mérések eredményei tájékoztatást nyújtanak a szakmai fejlesztéshez, a tananyagfejlesztéshez, továbbá a rendszerfejlesztéshez, amelyek információkat szolgáltatnak a politikai döntéshozók számára. Kutatásunk során célunk volt, hogy megvizsgáljuk a matematikaoktatás jelenlegi helyzetét hazánkban, a jelenleg érvényben lévő dokumentumokat, szabályozásokat.Az átfogó elemzés után vizsgálatunkat a 8. évfolyamra szűkítettük. Vizsgálatunkban Magyarországon oktató matematikapedagógusokat kérdezünk meg egy zárt, anonim kérdőívben az ország oktatásügyéről és a matematika oktatásának helyzetéről (hogyan működnek gyakorlatban a vizsgált pontok). A kérdőív alapját korábbi kutatások eredményei és tanulságai adták, ebből készült el a saját kérdőív. Az adatfelvétel online platformon történt, amelyet olyan pedagógusok töltötték ki, akik oktatnak matematikát a 13–15 éves diákok körében. Az eredmények azt mutatják a tanárok véleménye alapján, hogy magasabb óraszámra lenne szükség a matematika területén, és szükség lenne arra, hogy a pedagógusoknak nagyobb beleszólása legyen a tantervekbe, mert ez a pedagógusok pozitívabb hozzáállását eredményezheti.
A pedagógiai helyzetekben rejlő szexualitás
Authors: Sárospataki Barnabás
Published: March 2020

Saját tanári munkám (és ennek kutatása) során azt tapasztaltam, hogy a nemi szerepek hatása és a szexualitás (bizonyos rejtett formája) gyakorlatilag folyamatosan jelen van az iskola (formálisan deszexualizált) terében, a pedagógiai helyzetekben, sőt a tanár–diák kapcsolatokban is. E téma széles körben tapasztalt tabusításával azonban, egy a pedagógiai folyamatokat (feltételezhetően) jelentősen befolyásoló tényezőt hagy figyelmen kívül mind a tudomány, mind a pedagógiai gyakorlat. E tanulmány forrásául szóló kutatás elsődlegesen feltáró jellegű volt. Tanár szakos hallgatók és gyakorló tanárok interjúztatása során, valamint saját autoetnográfiai terepnaplóm segítségével olyan pedagógiai mikrotörténéseket, tanár–diák interakciókat kerestem, melyekben rejtett, fel-felbukkanó módon kap szerepet a szexualitás. A feltárt eseteket különböző elméletek mentén közelítettem meg, elemeztem (pl. kritikai megközelítés, maszkulinitás és feminitás konstrukciója, performativitás és testhasználat stb.) A kutatás eredményei: (a) Tapasztalatok a résztvevők témához való viszonyulásával kapcsolatban. (b) Gazdag esetgyűjtemény, ennek nyomán annak felismerése, hogy nem szórványos jelenségről beszélünk. (c) A szakirodalmi megállapításokhoz empirikus tapasztalatok kapcsolása. (d) A különböző elméleti megközelítések összevetése, rendszerbe helyezése. (e) Tanulságok, következtetések megfogalmazása a pedagógiai gyakorlat számára. A kutatási eredmények hozzájárulnak a neveléselméleti tudományos tudás bővüléséhez, formálódásához. Gyakorlati haszna pedig (reményeim szerint) hogy hosszú távon e téma részét képezi majd a nevelésről való gondolkodásnak, beágyazódik a pedagógusok szakmai felkészülésébe, fontos szerepet kap a pedagógusok munkájának (ön)értékelésében, reflexiójában. Ezáltal csökkenheti az e témához köthető félreértéseket, tisztázatlan helyzeteket, valamint a tanár és diák közti rejtett hatalmi mechanizmusok jelenlétét. Mindezek által hozzájárulhat ahhoz, hogy a pedagógiai helyzetek transzparensebbek legyenek (mind a tanár, mind a diákok számára) s a pedagógiai folyamatok produktivitása, fejlesztő-nevelő hatása fejlődjön.
Load to failure of three different monolithic zirconia inlay- retained fixed dental prosthesis designs with three surface treatments
Authors: Samhan Talaat Mohamed , Zaghloul Hanaa
Published: March 2020

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of different preparation designs and different surface treatments on the fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia inlay-retained fixed dental prosthesis [IRFDP]. Material and methods: Forty-five translucent zirconia IRFDPs were divided into three groups according to preparation designs (n = 15); group I: proximal box, group II: inlay-box and group III: butterfly wing (modified inlay). Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups according to the surface treatments utilized (n = 5); sandblasting, tribochemical silica coating (Cojet system) and erbium, chromium: Yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser irradiation. All zirconia IRFDPs were cemented to their respective resin models using selfadhesive resin cement. All cemented IRFDPs were subjected to fracture resistance test using universal testing machine. The initial fracture site was determined by using a stereomicroscope (x6.7magnification). Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of different designs, different surface treatments and their interaction on the mean fracture resistance. Bonferroni’s post-hoc test was used when ANOVA is significant (P ? 0.05). Results: Butterfly wings design showed the highest fracture resistance values followed by inlay and box designs respectively (P ? 0.05). Sandblasting and Cojet showed significantly the highest mean fracture resistance values than Laser with no significance difference between them. Conclusion: The butterfly wing design increased the fracture resistance of the zirconia IRFDPs. Sandblasting and tribochemical silica coating of zirconia surfaces had a greater effect than Er, Cr: YSGG laser to gain higher fracture resistance of zirconia IRRDPs.KEYWORDSInlay-retained FDPs; Monolithic zirconia; Preparation designs; Surface treatments; fracture resistance.
Evaluation of Microleakage and Degree of Conversion of Three Composite Res-ins Polymerized at Different Power Densities
Authors: Demir Kadir , Bayraktar Yusuf
Published: March 2020

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) and microlekage scores of three different composite resins polymerized with a LED curing device in standard and extra-power mode. Material and Methods: One bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill – TECBF) and two conventional composite materials (Clearfil Majesty Posterior – CMP and Tetric EvoCeram – TEC) were evaluated. A total of 30 specimens were prepared for six groups (N = 5). These groups were polymerized with a LED curing device as follows: TECBF-6: 3200mW/cm2 for six seconds, TECBF-20: 1000mW/cm2 for 20 seconds, CMP-6: 3200mW/cm2 for six seconds, CMP-20: 1000mW/cm2 for 20 seconds, TEC-6: 3200mW/cm2 for six seconds, TEC - 20: 1000 mW/cm2 for 20 seconds. After 24 hours of water storage, DC was measured by Raman spectroscopy. Microleakage scores of the six groups were bonded to various adhesive systems (Clearfil SE Bond or Adhese Bond Universal) were also evaluated at Class II box cavities (N = 10). Results: While the highest DC was found at the top (TECBF-20= 79.92% and TECBF-6= 79.02%) and bottom surfaces (TECBF-20 = 68.94% and TECBF-6= 71.04%) for TECBF groups, TEC groups (TEC-20top = 59.06%, TEC-6top=49.66%, TEC-20bottom = 43.72% and TEC-6bottom= 40.68%) showed the lowest DC for the both surfaces (p < 0.05). Polymerization of materials in standard or extra-power mode was similar to DC (p > 0.05). Microleakage scores were found to be similar (p > 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, different power densities of LED curing light did not affect the DC of composite resins and microleakage values of restorations at small Class II cavities.KEYWORDSBulk-fill composite; degree of conversion; LED curing device; microleakage; Raman spectroscopy.
THE MECHANISM OF THE FORMATION OF CRACKS IN THE LASER-DEPOSITED NICKEL ALLOY SYSTEM NI–CR–B–SI ON THE SURFACE OF STRUCTURAL STEEL TYPE 30CGSA
Authors: Morozov V. P. , Romanov Yu. G.
Published: March 2020

The mechanism of crack formation in the deposited layers is investigated. In accordance with this mechanism, cracks are of the nature of “hot” cracks. The reasons that enhance crack formation during surfacing of powder materials of the Ni–Cr–B–Si system are examined and identified. Foci of “hot” small cracks are formed, as a rule, in the high-temperature region. At the second stage, the focus develops, developing into transcrystalline destruction. The second stage of development is associated with the process of accumulation of internal welding stresses in the area of the source. The main parameters that determine the technological strength of the metal during surfacing or welding are: the length of the temperature range of brittleness (TIC), the level of ductility of the metal in the TIC and the intensity of the shrinkage deformation of the metal in the TIC. It was established that it is possible to increase the service life of the restored product several times in comparison with the new part by eliminating cracks in the deposited layer.
MODULAR PRINCIPLE OF VACUUM SYSTEMS CREATING FOR MICROELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Biryukov M. G. , Odinokov V. V. , Panin V. V. , Dolgopolov V. M. , Shubnikov A. V.
Published: March 2020

The modular principle of creating vacuum-plasma equipment for microelectronic technologies with using various options for loading and unloading substrates into a working module (reactor) is presented: systems with single manual loading and unloading substrates, with single loading and unloading substrates from a loadlock by a manipulator, with single loading and unloading substrates with a manipulator from a cassette-to-cassette in a loadlock, as well as cluster type equipment. Working modules of systems provide high requirements to the processes of plasma etching.
RESEARCH OF WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONAL PARAMETERS OF METAL-CUTTING CARBIDE PLATES FOR JUSTIFICATION OF IMPROVEMENT OF THEIR QUALITY
Authors: Mokritsky B. Ya. , Savin D. A. , Konyukhova Ya. V. , Shakirova O. G. , Sukhorukov S. I.
Published: March 2020

The result of the technological process of mechanical blade processing of blanks of General machine-building parts is largely determined by the properties and parameters of the metal-cutting tool used. The paper considers the influence of deviations from the nominal value of such parameters as weight and dimensions of replaceable carbide cutting plates on this result. The purpose of the work is to draw conclusions about their suitability in the operating conditions of a typical machine-building enterprise based on the results of monitoring the parameters of the plates. The parameters of plates of different 15 series of carbide plates are investigated. The technique of separation of plates on conditional grades of quality is formed. The ratio of suitable and defective plates is shown, proposals for the fields of application of suitable plates depending on their grade are formulated.
EQUIPMENT AND DEVICES AT THE EXHIBITIONS "TESTING & CONTROL" AND "NDT RUSSIA – 2019"
Authors: Matveev V. I. , Kleyzer P. E.
Published: March 2020

A brief information review of the 16th International Exhibition of Testing and Measuring Equipment «Testing & Control» and the 19th International Exhibition of Non-Destructive Testing Equipment «NDT Russia» which took place from October 22 – 24, 2019 at the Crocus Expo IEC in Moscow is presented. Russian and foreign manufacturers and suppliers demonstrated a wide range of equipment in the following areas: testing equipment, measuring and metrological equipment, equipment for production control, machine vision, equipment for non-destructive testing and technical diagnostics, equipment for laboratory control, diagnostic and monitoring systems. The All-Russian Scientific Conference “Measurements. Tests Control” was held simultaneously with the exhibitions. It was devoted to methods, tools, metrological support of research, testing and operation of products in various industries.
THE METHOD OF PREVENTING THE LONGITUDINAL ROLLING OUT OF THE AIRCRAFT OUTSIDE THE RUNWAY
Authors: Nabokov S. A. , Muzhichek S. M. , Skrynnikov A. A. , Efanov V. V.
Published: March 2020

Rolling the aircraft off the runway is one of the most common causes of air crashes in the world (i.e., accidents with casualties). Sometimes it is called “number one killer” in civil aviation. According to statistics from the IATA (International Air Transport Association), approximately 24 % of the victims accounted for this type of incident. Important factors leading to accidents and flight accidents of aircraft on the runway are the actual condition of the runway coverage and the prevailing weather conditions of the aerodrome. Analysis of the actual state of the airfield network of the Russian Federation, taking into account the factor of the state and size of the runway, showed that from 1992 to the present, the number of existing airports and airfields has decreased from 1,300 to 330, and out of 162 aerodromes of federal significance, 63% can “contribute” to increased risks during takeoff and landing of aircraft. At the landing stage, the greatest danger is that the aircraft rolls out of the runway. Rolling out accounted for about a quarter of all incidents and accidents on air transport and 96 % of all events that occurred on the runway, including 80 % of all accidents. So, according to the WAAS (World Aircraft Accident Summary – Ascend, World Accident Data Foundation), from 1998 to 2007. 141 cases of rolling-out were registered in the world civil aviation, as a result of which 550 people died. Usually, as the aircraft rolls out of the runway, the airframe and landing gear are destroyed. The task of minimizing the risks of aircraft rolling out on landing is of great practical importance. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, in recent decades there has been a constant increase in the size and mass of cruise ships and, consequently, an increase in landing speed and the required landing distance, which increases the likelihood of rolling out. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop appropriate methodological support. In the article, the authors propose a new method to prevent longitudinal rolling of aircraft beyond the runway limits at the landing stage.
Ethics, Technology Assessment and Industry
Authors: Van de Poel I.
Published: March 2020

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Die Anschlussfähigkeit von Innovations- und Technikanalyse (ITA) - Illusion oder Realität?
Authors: Malanowski N. , Reuscher G. , Seiler P. , Zweck A.
Published: March 2020

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Forward thinking legacy of innovation leader
Authors: Lees Susan , Sapsed Jonathan
Published: March 2020

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Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Behavior Intention (Studi pada Wisatawan di Objek Wisata Puthuk Setumbu Borobudur)
Authors: Pujiastuti Eny Endah , Hadi Lukmono , Zahro Siti Aminatul
Published: March 2020

Behavior intention is a key indicator that shows the success of tourism marketing strategies. The study is aimed to explain the effect of tourist experiences, satisfaction, trust, and behavior intention. Research location in the destination of Puthuk Setumbu, Borobudur. The research sample is the tourists who have visited Puthuk Setumbu Borobudur once, in Kurahan, Karangrejo Village, Borobudur District, Magelang Regency. The sample is the first time tourists because the research variable used is the intention to repurchase behavior. Data collected through a questionnaire. A total of 119 questionnaires were returned and data were analyzed using SEM AMOS. This research uses a relationship marketing approach. The results showed that there was a direct influence between tourist experience, satisfaction, trust and behavior intention.
Uniqueness and nonuniqueness of limits of Teichmüller harmonic map flow
Authors: Kohout James , Rupflin Melanie , Topping Peter M.
Published: March 2020

The harmonic map energy of a map from a closed, constant-curvature surface to a closed target manifold can be seen as a functional on the space of maps and domain metrics.
We consider the gradient flow for this energy.
In the absence of singularities, previous theory established that the flow converges to a branched minimal immersion, but only at a sequence of times converging to infinity, and only after pulling back by a sequence of diffeomorphisms.
In this paper, we investigate whether it is necessary to pull back by these diffeomorphisms, and whether the convergence is uniform as

t
→
∞

{t\to\infty}

.
Vehicle Security Systems using Face Recognition based on Internet of Things
Authors: Elngar Ahmed A. , Kayed Mohammed
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, the automobile sector is one of the hottest applications, where vehicles can be intelligent by using IoT technology. But unfortunately, these vehicles suffer from many crimes. Hence it has become a big challenge for the IoT to avoid such these crimes from professional thieves. This paper presents a proposal for the development of a vehicle guard and alarm system using biometric authentication based on IoT technology. Whereas, for vehicle security issues; the proposed system VSS − IoT gives only full access for authorized vehicle’s driver based on the interface of a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ development board, Pi camera, PIR sensor, and smart-phone. Therefore, if the proposed system detects an unauthorized person inside the vehicle, then the system will notify and send his image to vehicle’s owner and/or to a police workstation through the Internet, as well as, its location in case the vehicle is stolen or damaged. The proposed system is tested on two datasets that are ORL dataset and our dataset. The experimental results of the VSS − IoT showed that the accuracy is 98.2% on ORL dataset, whereas 99.6% when applied on our dataset. Besides, the VSS − IoT enhances the sensitivity to 97.7% which is important for real-time. As well as the result demonstrated that the proposed system took shorter time 0.152 sec under different illumination conditions, when the value of the threshold is 3 * 103 and 3.50 * 103. Therefore, the VSS − IoT is very robust and reliable for face recognition when deployed on the low-power processor.
Syntheses of gold and silver dichroic nanoparticles; looking at the Lycurgus cup colors
Authors: Dekker Floris , Kool Lars , Bunschoten Anton , Velders Aldrik H. , Saggiomo Vittorio
Published: March 2020

Metallic nanoparticles are small particles, with dimensions of less than 100 nm, which have unique characteristics. For example, the color of a nanoparticle solution is given by the surface plasmon resonance, in contrast to only absorbance of a molecule. Metallic nanoparticles have been used in the antiquity for the production of colored glass. Many of the medieval cathedral red windows are in fact, stained with gold nanoparticles. However, presenting just a red solution to a class and explaining that the solution contains gold nanoparticles can be disappointing as the red color can be obtained in many different ways without the need of nanoparticles. Something peculiar, like dichroism, can, on the other hand, shine the interest of an observer to the “nano-world”. Dichroic nanoparticles show different colors when illuminated from the front (scattering) or from the back (transmission). This effect is unique for nanoparticles and nanostructures in general and can generate the “WOW” effect in class or during public demonstrations. In this article we present a simple synthesis of dichroic silver and gold nanoparticles. Solutions of such nanoparticles are a stunning visual media for demonstrations, outreach and engaging audience in the “nano”world.
Predicting small water courses’ physico-chemical status from watershed characteristics with two multivariate statistical methods
Authors: Kardos Máté Krisztián , Clement Adrienne
Published: March 2020

Watershed area and a bunch of relief, land use, and wastewater characteristics for 32 upland and 33 lowland small river courses are generated. Based on these characteristics, logistic binary regression models are trained to predict if the river achieves the good physico-chemical status, and discriminant analysis models are trained to predict the physico-chemical status class on a five-class scale.

Univariate models revealed that elevation (for upland rivers), the share of artificial surfaces (for lowland rivers) along with forests, and wastewater quality variables such as biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and phosphorus are the most significant predictors. Discriminant analysis models performed better on upland than on lowland rivers. Achievement of good status could be predicted with an accuracy of ~90% (with 2 to 4 variable logit models), whereas the status class with an accuracy of 63/48% (with 2 to 4 variable discriminant analysis models) for upland and lowland rivers, respectively. This contribution uses Hungary as a case study.
Relations between the ecological conditions and the properties of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. wood from the Guinean-Sudanian and Sahelian zones of West Africa
Authors: Segla Kossi Novinyo , Adjonou Kossi , Rabiou Habou , André Bationo Babou , Mahamane Ali , Guibal Daniel , Kokou Kouami , Chaix Gilles , Kokutse Adzo Dzifa , Langbour Patrick
Published: March 2020

Pterocarpus erinaceus (Poir) is currently the most exploited and threatened spontaneous tree species in the Guinean-Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian zones in West Africa. This work analyzed the density and color parameters of P. erinaceus wood in the phytogeographic zones (Sudanian, Guinean and Sahelian) in three countries in West Africa (Togo, Burkina Faso and Niger). The results obtained by studying 451 specimens taken from 95 trees showed significant differences in basic density and color parameter values (P < 0.001) based on phytogeographic zones. Individual tree samples from the Sahelian zone were denser (780 ± 63 kg · m − 3), darker (L* = 48.3 ± 0.6) and redder (a* = 8.2 ± 2) than those in the Guinean zone (basic density = 684 ± 53 kg · m−3; L* = 59.7 ± 0.5; a* = 6 ± 0.2) and the Sudanian zone (basic density = 725 ± 70 kg · m−3; L* = 53.7 ± 0.40; a* = 7.30 ± 0.2). At intra-tree scale, the results did not show a significant variation of basic density according to the number of rings counted from the pith (P > 0.05). This indicated that the age of the trees has little influence on the basic density of P. erinaceus wood.
Development of a Momentum Transfer Coefficient in Particle Horizontal Channel Flow
Authors: Li Guohui , Liu Yang
Published: March 2020

A developed momentum transfer coefficient based on Wen’s 1966 model was proposed, in which the two threshold values were used to keep the continuous particle porosity function. A second-order moment gas–particle two-fluid turbulent model that coupled this coefficient, was established to model and simulate the particle horizontal channel flows. An improved Reynolds stresses transport to close fluctuation velocities correlation between gas and particle phases was set to reveal the fully anisotropic characteristics of particle dispersions. The hydrodynamics of horizontal gas–particle turbulent flow was numerically simulated and validated by experimental measurement with satisfied agreements. Distributions of particle Reynolds stresses are significantly affected by two-phase interactions, turbulent diffusions and particle collisions. Much wider size and flatter profiles distributions were obtained in terms of the horizontal and vertical root-means-square of particle velocities in comparison with Wen’s 1966 model.
The cytotoxic activity of Salvia officinalis L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. Leaves extracts on human glioblastoma cell line and their antioxidant effect
Authors: Choukairi Zineb , Hazzaz Tahar , José Manuel Ferrandez , Fechtali Taoufiq
Published: March 2020

Background

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) and Salvia officinalis L. (Sage) are two Mediterranean species growing spontaneously in some area in Morocco. They are used in traditional and complementary medicine to treat numerous disorders. The aim of this work was to assess the in vitro antitumoral effect of the methanolic total extract prepared from rosemary and sage on human glioblastoma cell line (42 GMBA), conjointly with their antioxidant activity.

Methods

The accelerated solvent extractor was used to obtain the total extract of the studied plants. The antitumor activity was performed using the microculture tetrazolium cytotoxique assay while the antioxidant effect was evaluated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay.

Results

Our results show that the total extract of R.O and S.O have a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma but not on cortical neurons. On the other hand, the results obtained in the FRAP and DPPH tests show a dose-dependent antioxidant activity correlated with an important level of phenols and flavonoids.

Conclusion

Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L. were found to have an antitumoral activity which may be linked, probably, to an antioxidant process.
FSO-Based Analysis of LTE-A MAC Protocols to Achieve Improved QoS
Authors: Kaur Prabhjot , Saini Hardeep Singh
Published: March 2020

Fiber wireless (Fi-Wi) communication network is the amalgamation of optical and wireless access networks, which provides better bandwidth for achieving efficient data transmission. Medium access control (MAC) protocols are used in the wireless network for controlling the data flow from the transmitter to the receiver end. The delay produced by these protocols tells about the system efficiency. This paper shows a Fi-Wi system in the long-term evaluation-advanced (LTE-A) environment, which incorporates the dependency of delay generated by the specific MAC protocols during the transmission process. This paper aimed to scrutinize the effects of Carrier Sense Multiplexing Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), Carrier Sense Multiplexing Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) and Slotted ALOHA on the performance of the Fi-Wi system. Free space optical (FSO) channel is incorporated to forward the data to user end. In such system, the optical signal is multiplexed using the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique and finally the data are fetched at the receiver end and different criterions such eye-height, Q-factor and bit error rate are evaluated. Simulation results are performed using MATLAB software. The comparative analysis is also performed in terms of data transmission efficiency, delay and throughput of MAC protocols. This shows the effective results of the proposed system according to the delay produced by MAC protocols.
Does obesity have an effect on the ECG in children?
Authors: Kiess Alexandra , Körner Antje , Dähnert Ingo , Vogel Mandy , Markel Franziska , Gebauer Roman A. , Kiess Wieland , Paech Christian
Published: March 2020

This review summarizes current data on influences of childhood obesity on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Studies on obese adults showed a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and also, partly pathological, ECG alterations. Data on ECG alterations in obese children is rare. In current studies, no pathological findings were found. All alterations, which mimic the later pathological phenomena in obese adults, were within normal ranges. Studies reported significantly longer P-wave time and P-wave dispersion (Pd) in obese children [Üner A, Doğan M, Epcacan Z, Epçaçan S. The effect of childhood obesity on cardiac functions. J Pediatr Endocr Met 2014;27:261–71.], no correlation of heart rate, P-wave, or QT dispersions (QTd) [Akyüz A, Alpsoy S, Akkoyun DC, Nalbantoǧlu B, Tülübaș F, et al. Effect of overweight on P-wave and QT dispersions in childhood. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2013;41:515–21.], significantly higher QTd in obese children [Yildirim S, Binnetoglu FK, Battal F, Aylanc H, Nazan Kaymaz N, et al. Relation between QT variables and left ventricular geometry in athletes and obese children. Acta Med Port 2016;29:95–100.], no significant association between obesity and QTc interval (QTc), but longer PR intervals, wider QRS duration and left axis shifting of frontal P-wave, QRS and T-wave axes [Sun G, Li Y, Zho X, Guuo X, Zhang X, et al. Association between obesity and ECG variables in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Exp Ther Med 2013;6:1455–62.], significant prolongation of QTc, T peak-to-end, and QTd in the obese children [Paech C, Liebold A, Gebauer RA, Wagner F, Vogel M, et al. Relative QT interval prolongation and electrical inhomogeneity of cardiac repolarization in childhood obesity. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2017;47:64–7.], slight shift to the left in the QRS axis (with no changes in the P axis), increased amplitudes of the left-sided leads in obese children, and no correlation of the heart rate with the weight [Paech C, Anhalt M, Gebauer RA, Wagner F, Vogel M, et al. New normal limits for pediatric ECG in childhood obesity? Influence of childhood obesity on the ECG. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2018;48:119–23.]. Altogether, the study results are inconsistent. Clearly, pathological phenomena in the ECG of obese children were not reported: only preliminary stages like QTc prolongation within the norm were found. The pathological alterations seen in adult obese patients are not (yet) seen in childhood. The slight changes reported in childhood obesity are likely to manifest later and to develop into pathological phenomena in obese adults and, therefore, might increase the risk of cardiovascular events like arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in adulthood.
Factors associated with oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kacarevic Dragana , Bogavac-Stanojevic Natasa , Spasojevic-Kalimanovska Vesna , Bojanin Dragana , Milenkovic Tatjana , Stefanovic Aleksandra , Mihajlovic Marija , Vujcic Sanja , Vukovic Rade , Zeljkovic Aleksandra , Todorovic Sladjana , Mitrovic Katarina , Vekic Jelena
Published: March 2020

Background

Oxidative stress is implicated in both, the onset and the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). There is accumulated evidence of increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in newly diagnosed, T1DM patients without complications, and in those with advanced disease. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated factors affecting oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with T1DM.

Methods

Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total sulfhydryl (SH) groups, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in 170 children and adolescents with T1DM. Principal component analysis was used to investigate clustering of clinical and laboratory variables associated with elevated oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative defense biomarkers.

Results

Factor analysis extracted five factors, interpreted as (1) “weight status factor” including age, BMI, waist and hip circumferences; (2) “proatherogenic factor” that included LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides; (3) “metabolic control factor” including glucose and HbA1c; (4) “renal marker factor” with positive loading of urinary albumin excretion rate and negative loading of GFR; and (5) “antiatherogenic factor” that included HDL-cholesterol. High AOPP levels were independently predicted by “proatherogenic” (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.44–3.71; p < 0.001), “metabolic control” (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.35–3.73; p < 0.01), and “renal marker” (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.03–2.65; p < 0.05) factors. “Renal marker factor” was a significant predictor of PAB (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34–0.81; p < 0.01). Regarding antioxidative defense markers, reduced SH groups were predicted by “proatherogenic factor” (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34–0.94; p < 0.05), while “weight status factor” predicted lower SOD activity (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.03–2.67; p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Cardiometabolic risk factors and renal function are associated with oxidative stress in pediatric T1DM patients.
The relative verb forms of Cuwabo (Bantu P34) as contextually oriented participles
Authors: Guérois Rozenn , Creissels Denis
Published: March 2020

Cuwabo (Bantu P34, Mozambique) illustrates a relativization strategy, also attested in some North-Western and Central Bantu languages, whose most salient characteristics are that: (a) the initial agreement slot of the verb form does not express agreement with the subject (as in independent clauses), but agreement with the head noun; (b) the initial agreement slot of the verb form does not express agreement in person and number-gender (or class), but only in number-gender; (c) when a noun phrase other than the subject is relativized, the noun phrase encoded as the subject in the corresponding independent clause occurs in post-verbal position and does not control any agreement mechanism. In this article, we show that, in spite of the similarity between the relative verb forms of Cuwabo and the corresponding independent verb forms, and the impossibility of isolating a morphological element analyzable as a participial formative, the relative verb forms of Cuwabo are participles, with the following two particularities: they exhibit full contextual orientation, and they assign a specific grammatical role to the initial subject, whose encoding in relative clauses coincides neither with that of subjects of independent verb forms, nor with that of adnominal possessors.
Anthropogenic invaders: historical biogeography, current genetic status and distribution range of the “peludo” Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra) in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, southern South America
Authors: Poljak Sebastián , Sánchez Julieta , Lanusse Lucas , Lizarralde Marta Susana
Published: March 2020

Chaetophractus villosus was once distributed from the south of Bolivia and Paraguay to the northwest of Patagonia, where the species survived in glacial refugia during Pleistocene. After the ice retreated, the species expanded its distribution further south reaching Chubut River. In the last two centuries, the species colonized the rest of Patagonia on both sides of the Andes and was introduced in Tierra del Fuego (TDF) in 1982, where it expanded its distribution range along 484 km2 until 2005. A single mitochondrial Control Region haplotype (HC) was described across Argentine Patagonia based on the low number of samples. This lack of variability was exceptional and impressive, taking into account that the northern neighboring areas of distribution are considered ancestral due to the haplotype richness. Here, we added new field and genetic data and compiled recent bibliography to update the biogeography and phylogeography of the species in southern South America. To explain the unprecedent lack of genetic variability, we discussed three main aspects: a historical biogeographic aspect related to the natural barriers for the species, a strong stochastic component, and the possible adaptive advantages of the only mitochondrial lineage detected, whose colonization and acclimatization to the new environment were mediated by man. We also estimated that the current distribution range in TDF is about 8527 km2.
Inflammatory fibroid polyp: an unusual cause of abdominal pain in the upper gastrointestinal tract A case report
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhou Tiejun , Zhang Cuiwei , Li Hao , Lü Muhan
Published: March 2020

Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) tend to occur in the gastrointestinal tract, and they are rare and benign neoplasms. In general, IFPs often come from epithelial tissue. The gastric antrum is the most common location. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) often shows a predominantly hypoechoic mass with well-defined borders originating from the submucosal area. Here, we report the case of a 46-year-old woman with abdominal pain who underwent computed tomography (CT), endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of resected specimens; the diagnosis was ultimately an inflammatory fibroid polyp. She is currently in clinical remission.
LncRNA LINC00152 promotes laryngeal cancer progression by sponging miR-613
Authors: Zheng Xuesong , Dong Su , Sun Lele , Xu Jialu , Liu Jia , Hao Rui
Published: March 2020

Background

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00152 (CYTOR) has been reported to be upregulated and to serve as a diagnostic biomarker in multiple types of cancers, including laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC). However, the functional role and molecular mechanisms of LINC00152 in LSCC progression need to be further investigated.

Methods

LINC00152 levels in LSCC and adjacent normal tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Gene knockdown of LINC00152 was achieved in LSCC cells by use of small interfering RNA (siRNA). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were examined by a series of methods. The micoRNA (miRNA) interaction with LINC00152 was screened by starBase v2.0 and confirmed by luciferase reporter activity.

Results

LINC00152 levels in LSCC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissue, and patients with lymph node metastasis or an advanced clinical stage displayed higher LINC00152 expression. Moreover, siRNA-mediated LINC00152 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells and induced apoptosis in those cells. Mechanistically, LINC00152 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) sponging miR-613. The inhibitory effect of LINC00152 knockdown on malignant behavior was abrogated by inhibiting miR-613.

Conclusion

LINC00152 exerts an oncogenic effect on the tumorigenesis of LSCC by sponging miR-613 and may serve as a potential target for treating LSCC.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-(4-((3,4-difluorobenzyl)oxy)styryl)-4,6-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, C24H20F2O4
Authors: Xia Chun , Xie Qiang , Ruan Ban-Feng , Zhou Ben-Guo
Published: March 2020

C24H20F2O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.3962(8) Å, b = 11.1939(19) Å, c = 11.596(2) Å, α = 64.877(17)°, β = 85.781(11)°, γ = 86.894(10)°, V = 983.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0658, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1750, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 18-crown-6 – 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene – acetonitrile (1/1/2), C22H30F4I2N2O6
Authors: Dang Limin , Yang Huiqiong
Published: March 2020

C22H30F4I2N2O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.6927(3) Å, b = 12.4813(5) Å, c = 15.0763(5) Å, β = 92.862(3)°, V = 1445.74(9) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0242, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0581, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, C18H16O8
Authors: Gu Jia , Huang Cui-Xin , Zheng Yan-Ling , Nie Xu-Liang , Chen Jin-Zhu
Published: March 2020

C18H16O8, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.3210(8) Å, b = 5.1825(8) Å, c = 29.598(5) Å, β = 93.875(2)°, V = 814.3(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0340, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1011, T = 296(2) K.
The Jade Straitjacket: Measuring Reactions to China’s Rise
Authors: Herrera Felipe
Published: March 2020

Since the Cold War, the Global South has become the basis of China’s political, economic, and military interests, as well as the major theater of China’s power competition with the United States. It is thus necessary to recognize how developing states have responded to changes in the international system brought on by China’s rise. Given the tide of nativism opposing trade and globalization, mostly studied through a Western lens, this study extends the analysis to the attitudes of the Global South. I outline the Western reaction to China’s rise to differentiate the factors that provoke backlash in the developed and developing world. Analyzing the relationship between China’s economic engagement and the degree of anti-China sentiment in a given region, as compared to the same relationships for the United States, I provide an amendment to Friedman’s “Golden Straitjacket” thesis to better understand China’s role in the processes of globalization and discuss the implications of the relationship between trade and domestic attitudes on the liberal theory of trade interdependence and conflict. I argue that since China’s “Jade Straitjacket” is a destabilizing force that provokes negative backlash stronger than reactions to American trade based on the findings of this study, policymakers must contend with the disconnect between elites who make the decision to don the straitjacket and domestic audiences who react adversely to the societal ramifications of these decisions.
Experimental study on photocatalytic degradation efficiency of mixed crystal nano-TiO2 concrete
Authors: Guo Zhan , Huang Chenxiang , Chen Yu
Published: March 2020

The photocatalytic mixed crystal nano-TiO2 particles were incorporated with concrete by means of the internal doping method (IDM) and spraying method (SPM) in this paper. To evaluate the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of mixed crystal nano-TiO2 concrete, the methyl orange (MO) was chosen to simulate pollutants. The physicochemical characteristics and photocatalytic performance of mixed crystal nano-TiO2 concrete prepared by above two different methods were experimentally investigated under UV irradiation and solar irradiation. Furthermore, the effects of two key influential factors including pollutant concentration and irradiation condition were also analyzed and discussed. Experimental results indicate that the nano-TiO2 concrete prepared by the spraying method (SPM) exhibits maximum photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 73.82% when the sprayed nano-TiO2 slurry concentration is 10mg/L. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of unpolished nano-TiO2 concrete is much higher than that of polished nano-TiO2 concrete under the same exposure time of UV irradiation. Moreover, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of nano-TiO2 concrete decreases with the increase of pollutant concentration. The irradiation condition has an obvious influence on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of nano-TiO2 concrete. In the aspect of applications, the practical recommendations for the nano-TiO2 concrete with self-cleaning capacity were presented according to the experimental results.
Zur Empfehlung von Abfindungsobergrenzen für Vorstandsmitglieder
Authors: Schottmüller-Einwag Ute , Dilger Alexander
Published: March 2020

In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob Vorstandsabfindungen von börsennotierten Unternehmen durch die Empfehlung 4.2.3 Abs. 4 Satz 1 des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex in der Fassung vom 7. Februar 2017 in ihrer Höhe begrenzt werden. Die dort vorgeschlagene Vereinbarung einer Begrenzung der Abfindungshöhe im Anstellungsvertrag entfaltet jedoch bei der vorzeitigen Vertragsbeendigung mittels eines Aufhebungsvertrags keine rechtliche Bindungswirkung. Die Analyse umfangreicher empirischer Daten zu Entsprechenserklärungen aller CDAX-Unternehmen in den Jahren 2010 bis 2014 zeigt, dass signifikant mehr als 20 Prozent der Unternehmen die Vereinbarung der empfohlenen Obergrenze ablehnen. Des Weiteren kann für die tatsächlichen Abfindungsrelationen vorzeitig ausgeschiedener Vorstandsmitglieder von DAX-Unternehmen in den Jahren 2010 bis 2014 gezeigt werden, dass die empfohlenen Obergrenzen trotz anderslautender Entsprechenserklärungen mehrheitlich überschritten wurden. Auf Basis der empirischen Ergebnisse wird eine Gestaltungsempfehlung für die Praxis abgeleitet, welche der Empfehlung zu einer stärkeren Wirkung verhelfen kann.
Konstitutionalisierung der Wirtschaftsordnung?
Authors: Möslein Florian
Published: March 2020

Die Forderung nach der Verankerung der sozialen Marktwirtschaft im Grundgesetz wirft zunächst die Frage auf, ob eine solche Konstitutionalisierung der Wirtschaftsordnung erforderlich ist. Die Erfahrung der letzten siebzig Jahre zeigt jedoch, dass sich die soziale Marktwirtschaft auch ohne solche verfassungsrechtliche Verankerung fest etabliert hat. Ebenso wenig ist umgekehrt die Streichung des Vergesellschaftungsartikels erforderlich, weil diese Verfassungsnorm bislang niemals zur Anwendung gekommen ist und weil für Eigentumseingriffe ohnehin die Schranken des Art. 14 GG gelten. Auch die Hoffnung auf mehr Klarheit dürfte trügen, da neue Rechts- oder Verfassungsbegriffe naturgemäß begrifflich unschärfer sind als tradiertere Begriffe. Fehl geht auch die Behauptung, die vorgeschlagene Neuregelung verbessere den individuellen Rechtsschutz. Der Vorschlag eines neuen Art. 15 GG ist nämlich als bloße Staatszielbestimmung konzipiert, nicht als individuelles Grundrecht. Gleichermaßen unrichtig ist schließlich die Aussage, die Gewährleistungen der EU-Verträge würden den Bürger nicht vor Übergriffen seiner eigenen Regierung schützen. Ganz im Gegenteil haben sich gerade die europäischen Grundfreiheiten als kraftvolles Liberalisierungsinstrument erwiesen. Für die Verankerung der sozialen Marktwirtschaft im Grundgesetz spricht immerhin, dass diese dadurch zweifelsfrei Teil dessen objektiver Wertordnung würde.
Modification of perlite to prepare low cost zeolite as adsorbent material for removal of 144Ce and 152+154Eu from aqueous solution
Authors: Ahmed I. M. , Attia Lamis A. , Attallah M. F.
Published: March 2020

The expanded perlite and base activated perlite (Zeolite-NaA) results from treating perlite has a SiO2:Al2O3 ratio ~2 were used as an adsorbents for the removal of 144Ce and 152+154Eu. The two adsorbents were fully characterized. The factors affecting the sorption of radionuclides onto expanded and modified perlite including contact time, pH, ion concentration were investigated. The modification process of expanded perlite enhanced the removal of 152+154Eu from 17.0 to 97.0 %, while for 144Ce from 22.0 to 91.0 %. Both 144Ce and 152+154Eu obey Langmiur isotherm model in case of using modified perlite (Zeolite-NaA) and expanded perlite.
Bearing properties and influence laws of concrete-filled steel tubular arches for underground mining roadway support
Authors: Mei Yuchun , Li Xiuming , Li Weiteng , Yang Ning , Zhang Yuhua , Zhang Shuo
Published: March 2020

The concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arch is a new high-strength support form for a mine roadway in deep/soft rock stratum; however, the bearing characteristics have not been clearly elucidated for scientifically guiding field applications. Numerical simulation tests with 15 schemes shaped as a ‘half circle with two straight legs’ and 10 schemes shaped as a circle were conducted, and the main responses of the numerical model were verified by performing the laboratory tests to evaluate the basic CFST structures and global CFST arches. The bearing and failure behaviors of the CFST arches were studied, and the influence laws, in terms of the arch shape, size and lateral pressure coefficient λ, were further investigated. The results show that the bearing capacity of a circular arch is significantly higher than that of a straight-leg arch under a uniform load. Furthermore, the bearing capacity of the circular arch decreases considerably with the increase in the arch size or λ. In addition, the bearing capacity of a straight-leg arch decreases with the increase in the leg height and arch size; however, it first increases and later decreases with the increase in λ. The failure modes of all the arches correspond to the instability at the extreme point caused by the strength deterioration, except in the case of a circular arch under a uniform pressure, the failure mode of which corresponds to the instability at the branch points. Finally, the recommendations for the field practice are proposed and verified.