bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heme oxygenase, biliverdin reductase, and bilirubin pathways regulate oxidative stress and insulin resistance: a focus on diabetes and therapeutics
Authors: Lee Wang-Hsin , Kipp Zachary A. , Pauss Sally N. , Martinez Genesee J. , Bates Evelyn A. , Badmus Olufunto O. , Stec David E. , Hinds Terry D.
Published: January 2025

Metabolic and insulin-resistant diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have become major health issues worldwide. The prevalence of insulin resistance in the general population ranges from 15.5% to 44.6%. Shockingly, the global T2DM population is anticipated to double by 2050 compared with 2021. Prior studies indicate that oxidative stress and inflammation are instrumental in causing insulin resistance and instigating metabolic diseases. Numerous methods and drugs have been designed to combat insulin resistance, including metformin, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA), and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i). Bilirubin is an antioxidant with fat-burning actions by binding to the PPARα nuclear receptor transcription factor, improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and reversing metabolic dysfunction. Potential treatment with antioxidants like bilirubin and increasing the enzyme that produces it, heme oxygenase (HMOX), has also gained attention. This review discusses the relationships between bilirubin, HMOX, and insulin sensitivity, how T2DM medications affect HMOX levels and activity, and potentially using bilirubin nanoparticles to treat insulin resistance. We explore the sex differences between these treatments in the HMOX system and how bilirubin levels are affected. We discuss the emerging concept that bilirubin bioconversion to urobilin may have a role in metabolic diseases. This comprehensive review summarizes our understanding of bilirubin functioning as a hormone, discusses the HMOX isoforms and their beneficial mechanisms, analyzes the sex differences that might cause a dichotomy in responses, and examines the potential use of HMOX and bilirubin nanoparticle therapies in treating metabolic diseases.
Developing a Profile of Canadian Children With Cerebral Palsy Who Require Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Authors: Coan-Brill Juno , Costigan Frances Aileen , Kay Jessica , Stadskleiv Kristine , Batorowicz Beata , Chau Tom , Geytenbeek Johanna , Grahovac Danijela , Hopmans Sarah , Cunningham Barbara Jane
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent motor disability affecting children. Many children with CP have significant speech difficulties and require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to participate in communication. Despite demonstrable benefits, the use of AAC systems among children with CP remains constrained, although research in Canada is lacking.

Method:

Data were collected as part of an exploratory survey of Canadian caregivers and clinicians (
N =
60) who shared their perspectives on children's need for, access to, and use of AAC systems. Quantitative data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.

Results:

Caregivers and clinicians reported high rates of need for AAC systems (> 75%) among children with CP. Both groups reported that access was roughly equivalent to need, although caregiver reports were lower. Despite high rates of need and access, only 38% of children used AAC systems. Children who used AAC primarily used high-tech systems, mostly to make choices, rather than engaging in meaningful reciprocal interactions and conversations.

Conclusions:

Canadian children with CP who required AAC systems generally received them. However, AAC systems were not used to their full potential, suggesting limited participation in social and learning situations. Like reports on other pediatric populations, barriers to obtaining AAC systems related to service, family, and child-specific factors. Although our sample captured the complexity present in the CP population, sample sizes were small and unlikely to be representative of the population of Canada, indicating the need for further research on a national scale.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28229720
A 6‐b 875‐MS/s SAR ADC with charge‐pump based pipelined background metastability calibration
Authors: Park Yunkuk , Park Se‐Ung , Chun Jung‐Hoon
Published: January 2025

Metastability in successive‐approximation register analogue‐to‐digital converters (ADCs) degrades the ADC's signal‐to‐noise and distortion ratio and causes error propagation through the digital equalizers of ADC‐based receivers. To mitigate these issues, a charge‐pump‐based successive‐approximation register metastability calibration method is proposed. This approach operates independently of a fixed voltage or time reference. The calibration process is executed in the background with pipelining, requiring minimal additional power. Comprehensive testing shows that the proposed calibration consistently enhances ADC SNDR and reduces the code error rate across a wide range of sampling rates.
A closer look at LTT 9779b:The ESPRESSO endeavour to pierce the atmospheric veil
Authors: Ramírez Reyes R. , Jenkins J. S. , Sedaghati E. , Seidel J. V. , Pavlenko Y. , Palle E. , López-Morales M. , Alves D. , Vines J. , Peña R P. A. , Díaz M. R. , Rojo P.
Published: January 2025

Context. The proliferation of exoplanet discoveries, particularly within such exotic environments as the Neptune desert, challenges our understanding of planetary atmospheres undergoing intense irradiation. The unexpected discovery of LTT 9779 b, an ultra-hot Neptune deep within this desert offers a prime opportunity for in-depth atmospheric studies. This research builds upon previous observations of LTT9779b from space-based telescopes, including the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), Spitzer Space Telescope, and CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS), while incorporating new observations from the Very Large Telescope’s (VLT) Echelle SPectrograph for Rocky Exoplanet and Stable Spectroscopic Observations (ESPRESSO) instrument to delve deeper into the atmospheric dynamics of this intriguing exoplanet. Preliminary analyses suggest a metal-rich atmosphere alongside a notably high day-side geometric albedo that may imply the existence of silicate clouds. Furthermore, there appears to be minimal atmospheric escape, presenting intriguing contrasts to existing models of planetary evolution and atmospheric behaviour under extreme irradiation.

Aims. We aim to contribute to the broader understanding of atmospheric compositions and the mechanisms behind the survival of atmospheres in the Neptune desert through detailed spectroscopic analysis. We started by obtaining the transmission spectrum of LTT9779 b between 0.4 and 0.78 micrometres with ESPRESSO on the VLT.

Methods. Our analysis addressed systematics in ESPRESSO data across three distinct transit events, focusing on the sodium doublet and hydrogen alpha (Hα). We also used the cross-correlation method with models that contain Na, K, FeH, TiO, and VO

Results. No statistically significant atmospheric signal was detected, with lower limits placed on the atmospheric metallicity established at [Fe/H] ≥ 2.25, which is ≥ 180× solar. The non-detection is aligned with a high metallicity atmosphere scenario in a cloud-free model, suggesting a high mean molecular weight and a reduced atmospheric scale height.

Conclusions. We interpret the lack of any detection as evidence to support a very high metallicity for the planet’s atmosphere. This would give rise to a high mean molecular weight and, hence, a low atmospheric scale height, rendering any signal too weak to be detected. Another possibility is the presence of high-altitude clouds or hazes that would suppress any signal from elements deeper in the atmosphere. These findings are consistent with recent consistent with recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations, which also report muted spectral features and suggest a high-metallicity atmosphere with clouds at high altitudes. Our results, together with those from JWST, support the hypothesis of a metal-rich atmosphere possibly obscured by clouds or hazes.
Pattern finding in millimetre-wave spectra of massive young stellar objects
Authors: Angarita Yenifer , Chaparro Germán , Lumsden Stuart L. , Walsh Catherine , Avison Adam , Asabre Frimpong Naomi , Fuller Gary A.
Published: January 2025

Massive stars (M* > 8 M⊙) play a pivotal role in shaping their galactic surroundings due to their high luminosity and intense ionizing radiation. However, the precise mechanisms governing the formation of massive stars remain elusive. Complex organic molecules (COMs) offer an avenue for studying star formation across the low- to high-mass spectrum because COMs are found in every young stellar object (YSO) phase and offer insight into the structure and temperature. We aim to unveil patterns in the evolution of COM chemistry in 41 massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) sourced from diverse catalogues, using Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array Band 6 spectra. Previous line analysis of these sources revealed the presence of methanol, methyl acetylene, and methyl cyanide with diverse excitation temperatures (a few tens to hundreds of Kelvin) and column densities (spanning two to four orders of magnitude in range), indicating a possible evolutionary path across sources. However, such analyses usually involve manual line extraction and rotational diagram fitting. We improved upon this process by directly retrieving the physicochemical state of MYSOs from their dimensionally reduced spectra. We used a locally linear embedding to find a lower-dimensional projection for the physicochemical parameters obtained from individual line analysis. We identified clusters of similar MYSOs in the embedded space using a Gaussian mixture model, revealing three groups of MYSOs corresponding to distinct physicochemical conditions: (i) cold, COM-poor sources, (ii) warm, medium-COM-abundance sources, and (iii) hot, COM-rich sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the source spectra further supported an evolutionary path across MYSO groups. Finally, by training a simple random forest model on the first few PCA components, we found that the physicochemical state of MYSOs in our sample can be derived directly from the spectra. Our results highlight the effectiveness of dimensionality reduction in obtaining clear physical insights directly from MYSO spectra.
Deep view of the intracluster light in the Coma cluster of galaxies
Authors: Jiménez-Teja Yolanda , Román Javier , HyeongHan Kim , Vílchez Jose M. , Dupke Renato A. , Lopes Paulo Afrânio Augusto , Rich Robert Michael , Caceres Osmin , Li Chester
Published: January 2025

The detection and study of the intracluster light (ICL) in rich clusters of galaxies has been a longstanding challenge and key focus. Using the lowest-surface-brightness images of the Coma cluster of galaxies in the g and r bands, from the Halos and Environment of Nearby Galaxies (HERON) Coma Cluster Project, we obtained the most extensive image of ICL in a single cluster to date, spreading over 1.5 Mpc from the cluster core. The unprecedented wealth of spectroscopic data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Early Data Release, along with a compilation from the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database and available data from the literature, enabled the identification of 2157 galaxy members within Coma; on this basis, 42 distinct groups were identified. The synergy between these high-quality data allowed us to: (1) calculate ICL fractions of 19.9 ± 0.5% and 19.6 ± 0.6% in the g and r bands, respectively, consistent with a dynamically active cluster; (2) unveil Coma’s faintest tidal features; and (3) provide a comprehensive picture of the dynamics and interactions within this complex system. Our findings indicate that the ICL connects several of these groups in a filamentous network, from which we can infer ongoing dynamical processes. In particular, we identified a faint stellar bridge linking the core of Coma with the galaxy NGC 4839, providing compelling evidence that this galaxy has already traversed the central region of the cluster.
A candidate quadruple AGN system at z ∼ 3
Authors: Herwig Eileen , Arrigoni Battaia Fabrizio , Bañados Eduardo , Farina Emanuele P.
Published: January 2025

Multiple galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at kiloparsec separations from each other are exceedingly rare, and in fact, only one quadruple AGN is known so far. These extreme densities of AGNs are expected to pinpoint protocluster environments and therefore should be surrounded by large galaxy overdensities. In this Letter, we present another quadruple AGN candidate at z ∼ 3 including two SDSS quasars at a separation of roughly 480 kpc. The brighter quasar is accompanied by two AGN candidates (a type 1 AGN and a likely type 2 quasar) at a close (∼20 kpc) separation identified through emission line ratios, line widths, and high ionization lines, such as N V λ1240. The extended Lyα emission associated with the close triple system is more modest in extent and brightness compared to similar multiple AGN systems and could be caused by ram-pressure stripping of the type 2 quasar host during infall into the central dark matter halo. The predicted evolution of the system into a z = 0 galaxy cluster with the AGN host galaxies forming the brightest cluster galaxy needs to be further tested by galaxy overdensity studies on large scales around the quadruple AGN candidate. If confirmed as a quadruple AGN with X-ray observations or rest-frame optical line ratios, this system would represent a second AGN quartet and be the highest-redshift multiplet and the closest high-redshift triplet known.
VBMicroLensing: Three algorithms for multiple lensing with contour integration
Authors: Bozza V. , Saggese V. , Covone G. , Rota P. , Zhang J.
Published: January 2025

Context. Modeling of microlensing events poses computational challenges for the resolution of the lens equation and the high dimensionality of the parameter space. In particular, numerical noise represents a severe limitation to fast and efficient calculations of microlensing by multiple systems, which are of particular interest in exoplanetary searches.

Aims. We present a new public code built on our previous experience on binary lenses that introduces three new algorithms for the computation of magnification and astrometry in multiple microlensing.

Methods. In addition to the classical polynomial resolution, we introduce a multi-polynomial approach in which each root is calculated in a frame centered on the closest lens. In addition, we propose a new algorithm based on a modified Newton-Raphson method applied to the original lens equation without any numerical manipulation.

Results. These new algorithms are more accurate and robust compared to traditional single-polynomial approaches at a modest computational cost, opening the way to massive studies of multiple lenses. The new algorithms can be used in a complementary way to optimize efficiency and robustness.
Jet formation studies in active galactic nuclei: A search for new targets
Authors: Boccardi B. , Ricci L. , Madika E. , Bartolini V. , Bach U. , Grandi P. , Torresi E. , Krichbaum T.P. , Zensus J.A.
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the jet formation region in active galaxies has been imaged through millimeter very long baseline interferometry (mm-VLBI) for a few ideal targets, in particular, M,87. An important leap forward for understanding jet launching could be taken by identifying a larger number of suitable objects, characterized by different accretion modes and jet powers. In this article, we present 1,cm and 7,mm VLBI data of a sample of 16 poorly explored radio galaxies, comprising both high-excitation (HEGs) and low-excitation galaxies (LEGs), spanning a broad range in terms of radio power. There are several γ-ray emitters among this sample. The sources proximity (z<0.1) combined with a high black hole mass M_ BH ≳ 8.5) implies a high spatial resolution in units of Schwarzschild radii ($<10^3-10^4$,R_ S), necessary for probing the region where the jet is initially accelerated and collimated. We aim to identify the best candidates for follow-up observations with current and future VLBI facilities. The observations were performed with the High Sensitivity Array (HSA), including the Effelsberg telescope and the phased Very Large Array (VLA). The addition of elements with a large collecting area has allowed us to characterize the sub-parsec properties of these faint jets and to estimate their core brightness temperature and orientation. The number of sources imaged on scales lesssim 10^3,R_ S has more than doubled thanks to the present study. All targets were detected at both frequencies, with several of them presenting two-sided jet structures. Several LEG jets show hints of limb brightening. The core brightness temperatures are generally below the equipartition value, indicating that equipartition has not yet been reached and/or that the emission is de-boosted. Among the LEGs in the sample, we identified 3C,31, 3C,66B, and 3C,465 as the most promising, as they combine a relatively high flux density ($>50$,rm mJy) with a superb spatial resolution ($<500$,R_ S) at 7,mm. The powerful HEG 3C,452 is interesting as well, due to its highly symmetric, two-sided jet base. Most sources are expected to become prime targets for future experiments with the next generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) and next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA).
Production risk of organic rice due to climate change in Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Istiyanti Eni , Widowati Indah , Al Hasan Thohari
Published: January 2025

Organic rice farming is a rice cultivation activity applies ecological principles without using chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The big challenge for organic rice farming is climate change in the form of high temperatures, drought, high rainfall which is difficult to predict. This situation have an impact on decline in production and income of organic rice farming. The objective of the study was to determine the income organic rice farming and analyzes the levels and factors affecting production risk of organic rice. The study was conducted in Magelang Regency with consideration that is a pilot project for organic rice farming in Indonesia and have farmer groups received organic certification. Respondents consisted of 75 organic rice farmers selected using simple random sampling methods. The data was taken through interviews based on questionnaires and documentation methods. Production risks were analyzed using the coefficient of variation and factors that influence production risk were analyzed using the Cobb-Douglass production function with Just and Pope approach. The results showed that the income of organic rice farming on an average land area of 3,690 m2 was IDR 6,694,860. Organic rice farming has a low production risk category. Factors that affect the production risk are land area and labor.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of agricultural land carrying capacity (LCC): A case study of Jombang District, Indonesia
Authors: Siti Humaira An Nisaa , Fidel Albany Ku Jastin , Anta Pasha Tritama
Published: January 2025

Agriculture becomes one of the essential sectors in supporting food security. Nevertheless, in many cases around the world, vast urbanization often leads to an imbalance of resource consumption and its carrying capacity including the land. This paper explores the status of agricultural land carrying capacity from the perspective of spatial and temporal dynamics in Jombang District, Indonesia. Jombang is one of the regions in East Java Province that significantly contributes to crop production. More than 50% of the land use in Jombang is agricultural land. Yet, the spatial dynamics affected by several factors such as distance to the nearest city, industrialization, road infrastructure, and built-up density, as well as government policy on spatial planning might have some impacts on the agricultural land in Jombang during the last several years. To assess and extrapolate the existing and future agricultural land carrying capacity, we conducted three analyses comprising the following: (1) agricultural land cover change; (2) agricultural ecological footprint and its biocapacity; and eventually (3) the agricultural land carrying capacity. All the analyses are based on the temporal dynamics considering the past, the existing, and the future. The findings suggest that agricultural policy, spatial plan, and programs should be maintained continually towards surplus status of LCC.
Effect of MgSO4 as a complement to NPK fertilizer on shallot growth
Authors: Syamsiyah Jauhari , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Komariah  , Gumilang Bardhian Cahyo Aji , Wijaya Lidya Zaela , Siswantoro Hendricus William
Published: January 2025

Climate change has a significant impact on crop failure and agricultural production. To overcome this issue, fertilization strategy is needed to increase plant growth. Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) role in photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and synergism with other nutrients plays big part in increasing plant growth and harvest. Complementing NPK fertilizing with MgSO4 can be a solution to fulfill nutrient needs with lower input and higher effectivity. This study aims to find best formula of MgSO4 complementing NPK fertilizer in improving shallot growth. Experimental method was conducted using Randomized Complete Group Design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications, namely: control, standard NPK (Urea 250 kg ha-1, SP-20 130 kg ha-1, and KCL 60 kg ha-1), MgSO4 (300 kg ha-1), and six combinations of MgSO4 with NPK. The results showed that application of MgSO4 combined with NPK fertilizer significantly increases the growth of shallots. The addition of 300 kg ha-1 of MgSO4 with 3/4 doses of NPK fertilizer effectively increased shallot growth as indicated by the highest plant height, number of leaves, and number of tillers.
The Effect of water level and cow manure fertilizer application method on rice yield and Cyperus rotundus weed
Authors: Supriyono Supriyono , Setyaningrum Desy , Pardono  , Ari Nurrohmah Maulina
Published: January 2025

Climate change is a global issue that affects rice production. Rice production in Indonesia experiences fluctuations due to several factors, such as water availability, nutrients, and weeds. The study aims to examine the effect of high water levels and organic fertilizer application methods on rice growth and yield and the growth of Cyperus rotundus weeds. The research used a completely randomized design of two factors arranged factorially and three replications. The first factor was the high water level with three levels, namely 0-1, 1-2, and 2-3cm. The second factor was applying organic fertilizer with three levels: immersing it 5 cm, spreading it on the surface of the ground, and mixing it evenly with the soil. The combination of water level and organic fertilizer application method affects the number of productive rice tillers. The lower the water level (0-1 cm), the higher the amount of organic fertilizer mixed with soil, which shows the highest number of rice tillers. he higher the water level, the higher the plant, but the weight of dry rice grains decreases. Applying manure mixed with soil can increase the number of productive panicles per plant and reduce rice grains’ dry weight but reduce Cyperus rotundus weeds’ growth.
The potential of fungi-bacterial biofilm, compost, and LOF compared with chemical fertilization in supporting the growth of pakcoi (Brassica rapa var chinensis)
Authors: Rosariastuti Retno , Rosada Hanifati , Sutami  , Irawan Evi , Nugraha Setyo , Simamarta Rumella , Haryuni
Published: January 2025

Excessive chemical fertilizers can increase carbon emissions and accelerate land degradation. To overcome this challenge, mitigation efforts are needed, such as using biofilm-forming microbes to reduce water evaporation and household waste as compost and liquid organic fertilizer to improve degraded soil quality. This study aims to determine the effect of Biofilm Biofertilizer, Compost, and Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) on the growth of pakcoi plants. This study used a three-factor (fertilizer type, inorganic fertilizer doses, and organic fertilizer doses) with a Complete Group Randomized Design with 14 treatments (N0: Control, N1: 100 % NPK + 0 Organic fertilizer, NB 2: 75% NPK + 25% BFBF, NB 3: 50% NPK + 50% BFBF, NB 4: 25 % NPK + 75% BFBF, NB 5: 0% NPK + 100% BFBF, NP 2: 75% NPK + 25% LOF, NP 3: 50% NPK + 50% LOF, NP 4: 25 % NPK + 75% LOF, NP 5: 0 NPK + 100 % LOF, NR 2: 75% NPK + 25% Compost, NR 3: 50% NPK + 50% Compost, NR 4: 25 % NPK + 75% Compost, NR 5: 0% NPK + 100% Compost). The observation parameters in this study include plant height, number, and width of leaves. Data analysis was carried out with ANOVA and continued with DMRT. The results showed that the 50% NPK + 50% biofilm biofertilizer treatment can increase plant height, leaf width, and fresh weight of pakchoi plants compared to the control, while the number of leaves with 100% LOF was 16,69% higher than the control. These findings support climate change mitigation strategies by reducing chemical fertilizers that contribute to carbon emissions while adopting sustainable agricultural practices that utilize biofilms and organic materials to increase productivity while maintaining ecosystem health.
Comparative study of land capability and land suitability for pepper plants (Piper nigrum L.) on karst and non-karst area in Pacitan Regency
Authors: Rahayu  , Herawati Aktavia , Herdiyansyah Ganjar , Purwanto  , Suyana Jaka , Adinda Friscilia Viska
Published: January 2025

Karst areas are often major challenges for agricultural development. Punung District in Pacitan Regency is included in the Gunung Sewu Karst Area, a UNESCO heritage geopark. Even as a center for pepper production, the production continues to decline. This study aims to determine the capability and suitability of land for pepper plants in the karst and non-karst areas of Punung District. This study is a field survey with purposive random sampling. The sampling points are based on the overlay of soil type, geology, and rainfall maps. The data variability of soil characteristics from the sampling was analyzed using ANOVA and resulted in a Land Map Unit (LMU). Data from the LMU were analyzed by matching the criteria for capability and land suitability with the results of observations. The results showed that the land capability of the karst and non-karst areas is the same class as II, III, and IV with limiting factors of surface, erosion rate, and soil depth. Land suitability for pepper is also the same, as marginal suitability (S3) with the limiting factors being the availability of water, very low available P nutrients, and the rate of erosion. The impact of this study is the Karst and non-karst do not significantly effect the class of land capability and land suitability for pepper plant development in this study area.
The effect of rainfall centroid position on lead time in the upstream Citarum River
Authors: Ode Asri Aristi Ayuningsi , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Kardhana Hadi
Published: January 2025

Flood early warning systems (FEWS) are essential for flood risk, particularly in flood prone areas such as Majalaya and Sapan in the Upper Citarum River (UCR). The primary objective in the development of a FEWS is to accurately predict the lead time. This study hypothesized a positive correlation between the distance of the rainfall centroid and lead time. To analyse this hypothesis, using Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) data, observation rainfall data, water level, and discharge processed using R Studio. Rainfall centroid is extracted from the raster data and corrected with rainfall correction to obtain the rainfall centroid point. The result is the effect of rainfall centroid, and the lead time differences in this case cannot be proven. The findings suggest that the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall is highly random. The analysis revealed that, at any given moment, the rainfall centroid is consistently situated at the centre of the Majalaya and Sapan watersheds. Although the proposed hypothesis does not fully match the results, this finding provides new insights into the rainfall centroid and underscores the need for further study to understand the factors that influence the lead time for the FEWS.
Analysis of heavy metal pollution of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) in soil at Putri Cempo Landfill, Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawati Siti , Hawali Abdul Matin Hashfi , Khoiriyah Azzam Atikah , Meilana Arifiandita Dio , Darma Nurcahyo Furqon , Hamonangan Manullang Raymond , Susatio Raja
Published: January 2025

Putri Cempo Landfill uses open dumping which can increase the risk of soil pollution due to heavy metals. Heavy metal contamination is a critical issue because it negatively impacts human health and causes environmental damage that can threaten the sustainability of the economy and ecosystems at a global level. This study aims to analyse the current conditions regarding the concentration of heavy metals in the soil at Putri Cempo Landfill with the parameters of heavy metals Cr and Ni and to determine the impact of these heavy metals on human health. Analysis of Cr and Ni content was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Data analysis was carried out by comparing the content of heavy metals in the soil at Putri Cempo Landfill with the SNI on the Threshold Limit Value (NAB) of Heavy Metals in Sediment/Soil. The results of laboratory tests showed that there was a content of heavy metals Cr of 1.2279 mg/L and Ni of 0.94842 mg/L. It can be concluded that with the Cr and Ni content, the soil at Putri Cempo Landfill has exceeded the limits set by SNI so that it can be considered contaminated by heavy metals Cr and Ni. This finding points to the need for mitigation to reduce health and environmental risks. It is recommended to enhance public education, improve waste management, implement remediation techniques, and regularly monitor air and soil quality. These steps can protect health and reduce the long-term impact of pollution if carried out sustainably.
Tidal flood and slow onset mobility in the urban community on The Northeast Coast of Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Saptaningtyas Haryani , Nugroho Singgih , Waskitojati Damar , Adi Agung Waskito , Wuryaningsih Cicilia Dwi , Istiyani Ambar , Bacomo Louie , Soreaga Rowena
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzed the various mobility patterns related to climate change in urban areas, focusing on the impacts of tidal floods and land subsidence in the coastal area of Central Java. The gradual changes in the coastal area are driven by climate change and development plans around the village, which have increased vulnerability. The community often experiences the impacts of rising sea levels and land surface subsidence, damaging the residential environment, public facilities, and hindering transportation and economic activities. This paper explores the experiences of different mobility types, including displacement, voluntary mobility, and immobility. A mixed-method approach was used, involving household surveys, key informant interviews, and community mapping, emphasizing a participatory approach to leverage research for advocacy. The findings suggest that mobility was driven by both the urbanization process and climate change, which have significantly impacted the community. There are various factors influencing their decision to stay or leave the land. Community resilience is one of the drivers of immobility, while the adaptive capacity for livelihood transformation becomes a key factor in their struggle to adapt to climate change impacts.
Farmers’ perception of the integrated farming system of arrowroot and livestock in supporting a zero-waste agriculture system
Authors: Widadie Fanny , Rahayu Endang Siti , Irianto Heru , Handayani Sugiharti Mulya , Setyowati  , Sundari Mei Tri
Published: January 2025

The integrated farming system plays an important role in supporting zero-waste agriculture. This study aims to describe the implementation of the integrated farming system of arrowroot and livestock adopted by arrowroot farmers, analyze the farmers’ perception of this integrated farming system, and analyze the relationship between farmers’ perception and their socio-economic conditions. The research was conducted on 91 members of women’s farming groups in Pengasih District, Kulonprogo Regency, and in Prambanan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region Province. These groups practice an integrated farming system combining arrowroot cultivation and livestock. The results show that the integrated farming system of arrowroot and livestock supports sustainable agriculture, particularly zero-waste, by reducing agricultural and livestock waste. Farmers have a positive perception of the integrated system, especially regarding production efficiency and environmental benefits. Farmers’ perceptions are positively correlated with household involvement in farming, educational level, and active participation in farmer groups, and negatively correlated with farmers’ risk levels.
Supply chain performance of robusta coffee produced in the mountainous areas of Temanggung Indonesia
Authors: Susanawati  , Fauzi Diaz Keenan
Published: January 2025

The highlands of Temanggung, situated between Mount Sindoro and Mount Sumbing, are extensively planted with robusta coffee. The region’s climate and rainfall conditions are very suitable for robusta coffee production. The distribution of robusta coffee from these mountainous areas in Temanggung is inherently linked to the concept of the supply chain..This research aims to identify the supply chain and performance in by examining product flow, money flow, and information flow. The respondents at the farmer level were located in Gesing, while those at higher levels of the supply chain resided in Temanggung. A total of 171 participants were involved in this study, including 105 farmers, five collectors, two wholesalers, four roasteries, five cafes, and 50 consumers. Descriptive analysis and supply chain performance evaluations were conducted, using a 1 to 5 scale for product and money flows, and a 1 to 2 scale for information flow. The analysis disclosed five chains composed of six distinct actors: farmers, collectors, wholesalers, roasteries, cafes, and consumers. The research results show that the overall performance of robusta coffee supply chain is running well, seen from the smooth of products flow, money flow and information flow.
Does Indonesia green school program affect students’ disaster and mitigation literacy?
Authors: Ramli Murni , Ayu Puspita Sari Diah , Wahyuningsih Daru
Published: January 2025

Adiwiyata is the green school program run by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the Ministry of Education of Indonesia since 2006. The impact of the program on the disaster and mitigation literacy of the students is questionable. This quantitative study aims to compare the disaster and mitigation literacy levels of students of Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata schools, as well as to identify several factors that may influence disaster and mitigation literacy among junior high school students. The respondents were students of Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata Schools (N=346). Data was collected through knowledge tests, attitude questionnaires, and interviews. The collected data was analysed using an independent t-test and Kruskal-Wallis. The findings show no significant difference in disaster literacy between students in Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata Schools. Based on the interviews, it was also found that the disaster literacy and mitigation program in the Adiwiyata School was not running properly. Additionally, it was found that the factors influencing disaster and mitigation literacy are gender, grade, disaster experience, and training experience. From this study, the Adiwiyata schools need to improve literacy and disaster mitigation training.
Mitigating water depletion through wastewater management law in Indonesia’s textile sector: Evaluating compliance and alignment with national environmental standards
Authors: Wara Angi Josse Charmario , Al Mukarramah Nurul Habaib , Maskun Maskun
Published: January 2025

This study argues that the compliance of mandatory wastewater management regulations in Indonesia’s textile industry sector is low, which consequently amplifies environmental pollution, water scarcity due to depletion and the changing climate. This study addresses two research question(s): How does Indonesian law regulate wastewater management in the textile industry sector? Based upon the current practice, what challenges hinder its implementation? This study utilizes normative legal research methodology by analyzing Indonesian legal instruments and relevant case laws. It highlights the significant challenges arising from the unwillingness of various stakeholders to enforce environmental regulations, including government entities holding licensing instrument authority and companies non-compliance. In conclusion, the current framework for defining wastewater contamination thresholds requires substantial improvement by adopting more stringent, ambitious, climate conscious standards. It is recommended to: 1) incentivize companies demonstrating interest in environmental compliance but lacking necessary financial resources; 2) reward companies that have become exemplary leaders in wastewater management; and 3) encourage a reevaluation of existing legal frameworks regarding wastewater quality standards, with a view to adopting ambitious and measurable environmental standards.
Urbanization and nature-based tourism development: A case of tourism corridor in Surakarta-Karanganyar-Magetan
Authors: Rahayu Paramita
Published: January 2025

Urbanization and tourism development are closely intertwined, influencing each other in multiple ways and affecting the environment and natural resources both positively and negatively. Therefore, understanding the relationship between the two is crucial for devising strategies that promote more sustainable urban and tourism development. This study aims to examine the interaction between the urbanization process and nature-based tourism. The research questions are: How do urban centers relate to nature-based tourism, and what challenges do nature-based tourism face amid the expansion of urbanization and tourism activities? This study employs GIS mapping and secondary data processed with descriptive statistics, as well as Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The results indicate that urban centers play a central role in coordinating tourism development in the study area. The primary driving forces behind rapid urbanization stem from shifts in major economic sectors from primary (agriculture) to secondary (industrial activities) and tertiary (services) sectors. Subsequently, nature-based tourism contributes to the urbanization process through the development of service activities that to a certain extent cause land conversion in the area of tourism villages, which impacts the sustainability of the main attractions of nature-based tourism. Therefore, effective management of rapid urbanization and tourism development, particularly through land management, is critical for achieving sustainable strategies for interactions between nature-based tourism and urbanization.
Analysis of the distribution and the impact of drought on agricultural land in Sekotong District, West Lombok
Authors: Zuhdiyah Matienatul Iemaaniah , Zaki Muhammad Zamani
Published: January 2025

The existence of the El Nino phenomenon has an environmental impact, it causes low rainfall in the southern hemisphere, like Indonesia. Drought caused by El Nino is distributed throughout Indonesia, including Lombok Island. Sekotong District has an area surrounded by karst landforms and beaches. Karst areas cannot store groundwater so droughts often occur. Low rainfall and low water availability cause agricultural land to dry out so it cannot fill agricultural needs. This study aims to map the distribution of land affected by drought due to El Nino and its impact on agriculture in Sekotong District. The analysis of this study uses the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) analysis for the distribution of land drought and by conducting purposive interviews with farmers in Sekotong District. The results are the area of land drought class of around 2754.81 hectares without water shortage; 11,727.46 hectares in normal conditions; 11,715.31 hectares mild drought; 5313.1 hectares moderate drought; 1,606.62 hectares severe drought; and 1,144.57 hectares very severe drought. The impacts of this land drought include 1) Crop failure in rice commodities; 2) Agricultural land crops are substituted with peanuts and corn; 3) Agricultural land is not utilized at all because there is no water available.
Database model for inventory and condition assessment of hydraulics infrastructure in Indonesia
Authors: Setiono  , Wahyudi Agus Hari
Published: January 2025

Indonesia is a country that has a reasonably large area with quite a lot of water resources such as rivers, reservoirs, lakes, and so on. To manage these water resources, quite a lot of physical infrastructure is needed from upstream to downstream. A well-documented physical infrastructure will assist the government in maintaining and repairing the building if there is damage/disruption. This research aims to develop a database model for the inventory of existing hydraulic structures in the Cengklik reservoir area and an evaluation sheet for their condition. The database model for inventory and evaluation sheets is structured within the MYSQL Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) framework based on attributes of a dam studied and expert judgments, and the user interface is developed using the PHP framework for managing the database. The research results are a water/hydraulics structures inventory database model and an evaluation sheet for one type of hydraulics structure in the form of a dam. The built model is expected to help supervisors in the field record the condition of hydraulic structures in their area of responsibility and assist the government in managing the hydraulic infrastructure.
Estimation de la durée d’humectation des feuilles par seuillage de l’humidité relative dans la zone nord de la Cote d’Ivoire
Authors: Coulibaly Kignielman Riflard Luc , Amani Kouassi , Kouadio Alex Zilé , Ette Nicaise Kassi , Kouassi Guillaume Koffi , Coulibaly Wawogninlin Brice , Kouame Christophe
Published: January 2025

Cette étude examine la modélisation de la durée d’humectation des feuilles (LWD) en utilisant des approches empiriques basées sur l’humidité relative (RH). L’analyse des données météorologiques montre une variabilité diurne marquée, avec des températures comprises entre 20°C et 32°C et une humidité relative souvent supérieure à 90 %. Ces conditions favorisent des périodes prolongées d’humidité, particulièrement observées la nuit et le matin. Le modèle RH, avec un seuil de 90 %, a atteint une fraction correcte (FC) de 77 %, un indice CSI de 60 %, et un Kappa de Cohen de 0,54. Ce modèle montre une bonne capacité à identifier les périodes d’humidité, bien que légèrement sous-estimée (biais de 0,91) et avec un taux de fausses alertes (FAR) de 22 %. Par ailleurs, le modèle basé sur la dépression du point de rosée (DPD), utilisant des seuils de 1,5°C pour l’apparition et 4°C pour la cessation de l’humidité, a présenté des performances légèrement supérieures, avec une FC de 79 %, un Kappa de 0,58, et un FAR de 17 %. Cependant, ce modèle a montré une plus grande sensibilité aux variations des données lors de la validation, limitant son applicabilité opérationnelle. Les deux modèles présentent des erreurs résiduelles principalement autour de zéro, avec une précision légèrement meilleure pour le modèle DPD (MAE de 0,21 contre 0,23 pour RH). Cette étude conclut que les deux approches sont complémentaires : le modèle RH est robuste pour des applications opérationnelles, tandis que le modèle DPD offre une précision accrue pour des contextes spécifiques. Ces résultats contribuent à l’amélioration des systèmes agroclimatiques pour la gestion des risques liés à l’humidité prolongée des feuilles.
83-Jährige mit Angina pectoris, Hämoglobinurie und Ikterus
Authors: Dickmann Franziska , Janssens Uwe
Published: January 2025

Eine 83-jährige Patientin wurde mit pectanginösen Beschwerden, Hämoglobinurie und Ikterus vorstellig. Nachdem sich die Labordiagnostik aufgrund einer Hämolyse in allen Blutröhrchen erschwert gestaltete, wurden diese gewärmt ausgewertet.

Bei erniedrigtem Haptoglobin, erhöhter Laktatdehydrogenase und erhöhtem indirekten Bilirubin stellten wir die Verdachtsdiagnose einer autoimmunhämolytischen Anämie mit Kälteantikörpern, welche bei positivem Coombs-Test und Nachweis von C3d-beladenen Erythrozyten bestätigt werden konnte. Komplikativ zeigte sich ein NSTEMI Typ 2 im Rahmen der Hämolyse sowie eine akute Nierenschädigung. Als Auslöser der AIHA wurde eine Proteus mirabilis-Bakteriämie diagnostiziert.

Nach Behandlung des zugrundeliegenden Infekts und hochdosierter Therapie mit Prednisolon waren die Hämolyseparameter rückläufig und die Patientin konnte in die ambulante hämatologische Weiterbehandlung entlassen werden.

Die interdisziplinäre und die multiprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit mit dem Laborpersonal und der Transfusionsmedizin sind sowohl für eine zügige Diagnosestellung als auch die weitere Therapie entscheidend. Bluttransfusionen sollten bei AIHA nur nach strenger Indikationsstellung erfolgen.
Development of a Genetic Test Indicating Increased AVP/V1b Signalling
in Patients with Acute Depression
Authors: Ising Marcus , Holsboer Florian , Myhsok Marius , Müller-Myhsok Bertram
Published: January 2025

A subgroup of patients with acute depression show an impaired regulation of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, which can be sensitively
diagnosed with the combined dexamethasone (dex)/corticotropin releasing
hormone (CRH)–test. This neuropathological alteration is assumed to be a
result of hyperactive AVP/V1b signalling. Given the complicated procedure of
the dex/CRH-test, this study aimed to develop a genetic variants-based
alternative approach to predict the outcome of the dex/CRH-test in acute
depression.

Using data of a representative cohort of 352 patients with severe depression
participating in the dex/CRH-test, a genome-wide interaction analysis was
performed starting with an anchor single nucleotide polymorphism located in
the upstream transcriptional region of the human V1b-receptor gene to
predict the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response to this test. A
probabilistic neural-network-algorithm was used to develop the optimal
prediction model.

Overall prediction accuracy for correctly identifying high ACTH responders in
the dex/CRH-test was 93.5% (sensitivity 90%; specificity 95%). Analysis of
pituitary RNAseq expression data confirmed that the identified genetic
interactions of the gene test translate into an interactive network of
corresponding transcripts in the pituitary gland, which is the biologically
relevant target tissue, with the aggregated strength of the transcript
interactions significantly stronger than expected from chance.

The findings suggest the suitability of the presented gene test as a proxy
for hyperactive AVP/V1b signalling during an acute depressive episode,
highlighting its potential as companion test for identifying patients with
acute depression whose pathology can be optimally treated by specific drugs
targeting the AVP/V1b-signaling cascade.