bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Principles of Design for Vulnerable Communities: A Research by Design Approach Overrunning the Disciplinary Boundaries
Authors: Giorgi Emanuele , Cattaneo Tiziano , Serrato Guerrero Karol Paulina
Published: October 2022

Current changes are making communities, cities, and territories increasingly vulnerable. Urban architectural interventions have the power to intervene this situation, directly reducing vulnerabilities or backing social initiatives. Urban and architectural interventions, however, are also those that take a longer time to be implemented and to impact society. For this, these interventions must be sustained by broad and transversal visions, as well as referring to the temporal context of the coming decades. For these reasons, the research project “Design for Vulnerables” aims to define which methodologies should be adopted to reduce urban vulnerabilities in the coming decades. A design workshop, set in a vulnerable community in the northern Mexico, was organized, documented, and analyzed. Based on the research by design methodology, the research highlighted current issues, transversal to urban-architectural design, which influence urban vulnerabilities. This multidisciplinary approach made it possible to generating a set of principles of Design for Vulnerables, graphically represented by a re-interpretation of the Krebs cycle.
Advanced High-Loaded Ni–Cu Catalysts in Transfer Hydrogenation of Anisole: Unexpected Effect of Cu Addition
Authors: Philippov Alexey , Nesterov Nikolay , Pakharukova Vera , Kozhevnikov Ivan , Martyanov Oleg
Published: October 2022

Binary Ni–Cu heterogeneous catalysts are known to demonstrate excellent activity in conventional hydrogenation of phenolic compounds, and Cu addition facilitates hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). In this study, we aimed to show the effect of Cu on the specific catalytic activity and selectivity of Ni–Cu catalysts in transfer hydrogenation, in which 2-PrOH was used as a solvent and an H donor. Catalytic transformations of anisole were studied in sub- and supercritical alcohol at 150 and 250 °C. The catalysts were prepared using an environmentally friendly supercritical antisolvent coprecipitation method, which makes it possible to obtain well-dispersed particles (less than 7 nm) at high metal loading (up to 50 wt.%). When copper is added, deactivation of the catalyst in transformations of anisole, including HDO, is observed. The experimental data and the appropriate kinetic analysis demonstrate that there is a decrease in the rate of anisole conversion accompanied by an increase in the concentration of acetone formed during the dehydrogenation of 2-PrOH.
Isolation of Human Osteoblast Cells Capable for Mineralization and Synthetizing Bone-Related Proteins In Vitro from Adult Bone
Authors: Kostina Daria , Lobov Arseniy , Klausen Polina , Karelkin Vitaly , Tikhilov Rashid , Bozhkova Svetlana , Sereda Andrey , Ryumina Nadezhda , Enukashvily Natella , Malashicheva Anna
Published: October 2022

The culture of osteoblasts (OB) of human origin is a useful experimental model in studying bone biology, osteogenic differentiation, functions of bone proteins, oncological processes in bone tissue, testing drugs against bone desires, and many other fields. The purpose of the present study is to share a workflow that has established the conditions to efficiently isolate and grow OB cells obtained from surgically removed bones from human donors. The protocol described here also shows how to determine cell phenotype. Here we provide characteristics of cells isolated by this protocol that might help researchers to decide if such OB are suitable for the purposes of their study. Osteoblasts isolated from collagenase-treated explants of adult bones are able to proliferate and keep their phenotype in culture. OB cells have high synthetic properties. They express osteomarkers, such as RUNX2, osteocalcin, BMP2, and osteopontin both in control conditions and in an osteogenic medium that could be estimated by qPCR and immunocytochemical staining and by Western blotting. Induction of osteogenic differentiation does not dramatically influence the synthetic properties of OB cells, while the cells gain the ability to extracellular mineralization only in an osteogenic medium.
Empagliflozin Induced Ketosis, Upregulated IGF-1/Insulin Receptors and the Canonical Insulin Signaling Pathway in Neurons, and Decreased the Excitatory Neurotransmitter Glutamate in the Brain of Non-Diabetics
Authors: Avgerinos Konstantinos I. , Mullins Roger J. , Vreones Michael , Mustapic Maja , Chen Qinghua , Melvin Denise , Kapogiannis Dimitrios , Egan Josephine M.
Published: October 2022

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), such as empagliflozin, lower blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus and improve cardiorenal outcomes regardless of diabetes presence. Whether SGLT2is exert any effects on the brain’s metabolism has not been studied. We conducted a single-arm clinical trial to investigate the effects of once daily administration of oral empagliflozin (25 mg) for 14 days on systemic and brain metabolism in 21 non-diabetics aged 55 years old or older. Empagliflozin lowered circulating insulin and elevated β-hydroxybutyrate over 34-h periods, both following its first administration and after 14 days of daily administration, with minor alterations in glucose homeostasis. Levels of phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (pIGF-1R), phosphorylated insulin receptor (pIR), phosphorylated-in-tyrosine insulin receptor substrate-1 (pY-IRS-1), and phosphorylated protein kinase B or AKT (pAKT) were increased in extracellular vesicles enriched for neuronal origin (NEVs) following the first empagliflozin administration, but not after 14 days. Our finding of IGF-1R upregulation in NEVs is promising because several post-mortem and epidemiological studies support the idea that upregulation of IGF signaling may protect against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Moreover, our finding showing activation of insulin signaling and, in particular, the canonical pathway (pIR, pY-IRS-1, pAKT) in NEVs is important because such changes have been repeatedly associated with neuronal survival. Using brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), we detected decreased concentrations of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and its precursor glutamine after empagliflozin administration. This finding is also encouraging since glutamatergic excitotoxicity has long been implicated in AD pathology. Overall, our findings may motivate the repurposing of SGLT2is for use in AD and other, related diseases that are characterized by downregulation of IGF-1/insulin signaling in neurons and excitotoxicity.
Perceived Stress in the Primary Caregivers of Adolescents with Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Valero-Moreno Selene , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada , Schoeps Konstanze , Postigo-Zegarra Silvia , Pérez-Marín Marián
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the impact of the disease on the perceived stress levels of caregivers of adolescents with asthma. A total of 140 primary caregivers, whose mean age was 45.43 years (SD = 5.03), of whom 85% were mothers, were assessed using the perceived stress questionnaire (PIP), and medical indicators related to asthma were recorded. Mean comparisons, correlations, and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) models were used. The results indicated moderate levels of perceived stress in caregivers, no kinship differences were found, and age was negatively associated with perceived stress. QCA models suggested that perceived stress could be explained by a higher frequency of visits, poorer adherence, more frequent daily medication doses, and higher severity of asthma. In conclusion, the development of psychological interventions addressing the subjective overload of the family caregiver may benefit them, increasing their well-being, and in turn help to manage the emotional difficulties of adolescents.
Intestinal Microbiota in Children with Anemia in Southern Peru through Next-Generation Sequencing Technology
Authors: Díaz-Rodríguez Karla , Pacheco-Aranibar Jani , Manrique-Sam Cecilia , Ita-Balta Yuma , Carpio-Toia Agueda Muñoz del , López-Casaperalta Patricia , Chocano-Rosas Teresa , Fernandez-F Fernando , Villanueva-Salas Jose , Bernabe-Ortiz Julio Cesar
Published: October 2022

Knowledge of the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene constitutes a true revolution in understanding the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its implication in health states. This study details microbial composition through next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in children with anemia. Anemia is the most frequent hematological disorder that affects human beings. In Peru, it is one of the conditions that presents the most significant concern due to the adverse effects that cause it, such as delayed growth and psychomotor development, in addition to a deficiency in cognitive development.
Endocrine Disorders in Children with Brain Tumors: At Diagnosis, after Surgery, Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy
Authors: Claude Fabien , Ubertini Graziamaria , Szinnai Gabor
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Brain tumors are the second most frequent type of all pediatric malignancies. Depending on their localization, patients with brain tumors may present neurological or ophthalmological symptoms, but also weight anomalies and endocrine disorders ranging from growth hormone deficiency, anomalies of puberty, diabetes insipidus to panhypopituitarism. Immediately at diagnosis, all patients with brain tumors require a complete assessment of the hypothalamic–pituitary function in order to address eventual endocrine disorders. Moreover, children and adolescents undergoing brain surgery must receive peri- and postoperative hydrocortisone stress therapy. Post-operative disorders of water homeostasis are frequent, ranging from transient diabetes insipidus, as well as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion to persistent diabetes insipidus. Late endocrine disorders may result from surgery near or within the hypothalamic–pituitary region. Pituitary deficits are frequent after radiotherapy, especially growth hormone deficiency. Thyroid nodules or secondary thyroid cancers may arise years after radiotherapy. Gonadal dysfunction is frequent after chemotherapy especially with alkylating agents. Conclusion: Early detection and treatment of specific endocrine disorders at diagnosis, perioperatively, and during long-term follow-up result in improved general and metabolic health and quality of life.
Circulatory Adipokines and Incretins in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Normand Emilie , Franco Anita , Alos Nathalie , Parent Stefan , Moreau Alain , Marcil Valérie
Published: October 2022

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional malformation of the spine of unknown cause that develops between 10 and 18 years old and affects 2–3% of adolescents, mostly girls. It has been reported that girls with AIS have a taller stature, lower body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density (BMD) than their peers, but the causes remain unexplained. Energy metabolism discrepancies, including alterations in adipokine and incretin circulatory levels, could influence these parameters and contribute to disease pathophysiology. This pilot study aims to compare the anthropometry, BMD, and metabolic profile of 19 AIS girls to 19 age-matched healthy controls. Collected data include participants’ fasting metabolic profile, anthropometry (measurements and DXA scan), nutritional intake, and physical activity level. AIS girls (14.8 ± 1.7 years, Cobb angle 27 ± 10°), compared to controls (14.8 ± 2.1 years), were leaner (BMI-for-age z-score ± SD: −0.59 ± 0.81 vs. 0.09 ± 1.11, p = 0.016; fat percentage: 24.4 ± 5.9 vs. 29.2 ± 7.2%, p = 0.036), had lower BMD (total body without head z-score ± SD: −0.6 ± 0.83 vs. 0.23 ± 0.98, p = 0.038; femoral neck z-score: −0.54 ± 1.20 vs. 0.59 ± 1.59, p = 0.043), but their height was similar. AIS girls had higher adiponectin levels [56 (9–287) vs. 32 (7–74) μg/mL, p = 0.005] and lower leptin/adiponectin ratio [0.042 (0.005–0.320) vs. 0.258 (0.024–1.053), p = 0.005]. AIS participants with a Cobb angle superior to 25° had higher resistin levels compared to controls [98.2 (12.8–287.2) vs. 32.1 (6.6–73.8), p = 0.0013]. This pilot study suggests that adipokines are implicated in AIS development and/or progression, but more work is needed to confirm their role in the disease.
Use of Virtual Reality in Children with Dyslexia
Authors: Maresca Giuseppa , Leonardi Simona , De Cola Maria Cristina , Giliberto Silvia , Di Cara Marcella , Corallo Francesco , Quartarone Angelo , Pidalà Alessandra
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the study of dyslexia has seen rapid progress in definition and classification, neuropsychological correlates, neurobiological factors, and intervention. However, there are few studies on how virtual reality can affect improving cognitive domains and cross-cutting pedagogical skills. We, therefore, tested intervention through the use of a virtual reality rehabilitation system (VRRS) in children with dyslexia. Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with dyslexia were enrolled in this study. One-half underwent conventional neuropsychological treatment, and the other half performed VR neurorehabilitation training using the VRRS. All patients were evaluated by neuropsychological assessment at baseline (T0) and at the end of the protocol (T1). The assessment included the administration of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV and the Italian Battery for the Assessment of Dyslexia and Dysorthography. Our results showed a significant difference in word-reading test scores as well as in homophonic writing. In addition, treatment type was found to affect some domains of the WISC. We believe that the VRRS led to improved outcomes through the use of VR, which encourages active exploration, improves engagement, and provides motivation and enjoyment, allowing longer training sessions and improving treatment adherence.
Anti-Inflammatory and Hypouricemic Effect of Bioactive Compounds: Molecular Evidence and Potential Application in the Management of Gout
Authors: Scanu Anna , Luisetto Roberto , Ramonda Roberta , Spinella Paolo , Sfriso Paolo , Galozzi Paola , Oliviero Francesca
Published: October 2022

Gout is caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joint and represents the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men. Its prevalence is rising worldwide mainly due to the increase of risk factors associated with the disease, in particular hyperuricemia. Besides gout, hyperuricemia leads to an increased inflammatory state of the body with consequent increased risk of comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence shows that bioactive compounds have a significant role in fighting inflammatory and immune chronic conditions. In gout and hyperuricemia, these molecules can exert their effects at two levels. They can either decrease serum uric acid concentrations or fight inflammation associated with monosodium urate crystals deposits and hyperuricemia. In this view, they might be considered valuable support to the pharmacological therapy and prevention of the disease. This review aims to provide an overview of the beneficial role of bioactive compounds in hyperuricemia, gout development, and inflammatory pathways of the disease.
Influence of High Magnetic Field-Thermal Coupling Processing on Diffusion Bonding Properties and Element Diffusion of 1420 Al-Li Alloy
Authors: Zhang Huang , Niu Tao , Li Yaoming , Yuan Meini
Published: October 2022

The high uniform magnetic field combined with pre-deformation and vacuum heat treatment processing is designed for improving the diffusion bonding properties of the 1420 Al-Li alloy. Serial magneto-thermal coupling treatment experiments of 1420 Al-Li alloy and the pure aluminium diffusion couple, together with the gallium interlayer, is carried out in a superconducting high magnetic field device. Various parameter combinations are used to produce different samples on which interface organization and connection performance are studied. Electron microscopic analysis reveals various interface topographies and fracture morphologies after shear strength tests. Influence of diffusion bonding temperature on element diffusion under a high uniform magnetic field is investigated. The diffusion activation energy of Mg element in pure aluminum under a 12 T magnetic field is calculated in this paper. It is found that the bonding quality and bonding performance of the interface are improved greatly after heat treatment with a strong magnetic field, and the bonding temperature is an important factor affecting the interface bonding and bonding strength. The diffusion coefficient of the Mg element in the 1420 Al-Li alloy to L2 pure aluminum increases with the increase of diffusion bonding temperature. Reducing the activation energy of elemental diffusion is beneficial to atomic diffusion.
Magnetic Characterization of the Nugget Microstructure at Resistance Spot Welding
Authors: Mathiszik Christian , Zschetzsche Edwin , Reinke André , Koal Johannes , Zschetzsche Jörg , Füssel Uwe
Published: October 2022

Conventional resistance spot welds are not visible from the outside. Therefore, it is not straightforward to evaluate the joint quality non-destructively. The pulse-echo method of manual ultrasonic is widely used for non-destructive testing. Another option is the passive magnetic flux density testing, which is being developed at Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. The spot weld is magnetized in the normal direction and the residual magnetic flux density is measured on top of the surface of the joint. This method is suitable for spot welds on typical car body steels. Previous investigations show that the magnetic properties of the materials influence the test result. In order to develop this new non-destructive testing method further, it is necessary to know the magnetic properties of the different microstructure regions of a spot weld. This article focuses on methods to measure and evaluate the magnetic properties of these regions, especially of the base material and the weld. Different measuring methods and approaches are presented and compared with each other. Based on the results, recommendations for future measurements for magnetic characterizations are given.
Morphology Control of PbZrxTi1-xO3 Crystallites under Alkaline Hydrothermal Conditions
Authors: Kržmanc Marjeta Maček , Kutnjak Zdravko , Spreitzer Matjaž
Published: October 2022

Outstanding ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PbZrxTi1-xO3 (PZT) make nano and sub-micrometer particles of this material interesting for future nanotechnological applications as well as for fundamental studies of ferroelectricity at the nanoscale. In the present work, the prospects of a new hydrothermal approach were explored to control the particle size, aggregation stage, and composition of the PZT with the target composition of Zr/Ti = 60/40 (x = 0.6). Starting with water-soluble Zr-, Ti-, and Pb-precursors, the PZT formation was examined in the broad base (KOH) concentration range. The PZT particle size and composition were governed by the ratio of KOH with respect to Pb and not by the absolute KOH concentration (cKOH). The incorporation of Zr into the PZT perovskite phase began to decline at KOH:Pb ≤ 1.7 and at KOH:Pb > 20. In the concentration range of 20 ≥ KOH:Pb > 1.5, the PZT particles adopted a cube-like shape, the size of which decreased with a decrease in the KOH:Pb ratio. The smallest (<200 nm) and well-separated PZT particles were obtained at KOH:Pb = 1.7. The prevailing PZT crystal structure at a Zr/Ti composition of around 60/40 was rhombohedral; the tetragonal phase also began to appear in Ti-richer PZT compositions (Zr/Ti ≤ 50/50). The developed understanding established the basis for further tailoring of PZT particle morphologies for application-oriented or fundamental research.
Secondary Cooling Analysis of AZ80Y Magnesium Alloy Slab during DC Casting by Modelling and Verification Based on Experiment
Authors: Hou Jian , Le Qichi , Chen Xingrui , Hu Wenyi , Ning Fangkun , Guo Ruizhen , Yu Xiaoqiang , Fu Li
Published: October 2022

The secondary cooling of AZ80 during DC casting was investigated by measuring the temperature at a given position during steady state. The experiment was carried out under different parameters including the water flow rate density (Q*) and initial temperature (Ti) of the impingement points. To theorize the heat transfer of the secondary cooling zone in practical DC casting, we designed a series of experimental equipment to simulate the secondary cooling with differing Ti (between 473 and 673 K) and Q* (between 20 and 100 L min−1 m−1) based on the DC casting temperature-measurement experiment above. Detailed analysis was carried out of both the experimental results combined with Q*. The empirical formulae of Rohsenow and Weckman were modified due to the need to divide the secondary cooling zone into an impingement zone and a free-falling zone. Finally, a verification of the model’s accuracy was conducted by comparing the results of the finite volume numerical simulation and the experiment, which revealed that the model exhibited extremely high accuracy.
Osteichthyan Fishes from the uppermost Norian (Triassic) of the Fuchsberg near Seinstedt, Lower Saxony (Germany)
Authors: Schultze Hans-Peter , Arratia Gloria , Hauschke Norbert , Wilde Volker
Published: October 2022

Fishes from the uppermost Norian Fuchsberg Quarry near Seinstedt are represented by two taxa that we interpret as a teleosteomorph (complete specimens) and actinistian (scales). Seinstedtia parva gen. et sp. nov. is described; although it was proposed as a possible semionotiform, this study reveals that Seinstedtia possesses a combination of teleosteomorph features, for instance: characteristic pholidophoriform-shaped cranial roof; fusion of skull roof bones; three dorso-posterior infraorbitals, including an enlarged infraorbital 3; one suborbital bone; movable premaxilla; and characteristic-shaped preopercle. In parallel, Seinstedtia possesses a head gently curved anteriorly, with lower jaw protruding slightly in front of upper jaw; supraorbital 1 forming most of antero-dorsal margin of circumorbital ring; one supramaxilla; three extrascapulae; cleithrum with short and broad lower arm; and enlarged clavicle. This character combination places Seinstedtia as a teleosteomorph, family incertae sedis. This fish (total length ca. 50 mm) and some pholidophorids (ca. 70 mm or less; Parapholidophorus nybelini and Pholidoctenus serianus) represent the known smallest teleosteomorphs that inhabited Europe during the Norian. The isolated scales are elasmoid of amioid type ornamented with the elongated ridges of actinistians. This diversity of teleosteomorphs and actinistians in Fuchsberg Quarry during the Triassic indicates a connection to a marine environment.
Venous Malformation in the Auricle
Authors: Jeong Junhui , Kim Yeejeong
Published: October 2022

A venous malformation is a congenital malformation of the vascular venous system. It can occur anywhere in the body, but is most common in the head, neck, and extremities. Venous malformations in the auricle are rare. A venous malformation in the auricle of a 44-year-old woman is presented.
Online Unproctored Clinical Examinations: The Perceptions and Performance of Final Year Dental Students
Authors: Gartshore Laura , Jellicoe Mark , Bowles Joanne , Burnside Girvan , Dawson Luke J. , Bissell Vince
Published: October 2022

Background: Take home, or open-book, examinations (OBE) are designed to be completed at a location of student choice, whilst providing comprehensive assessment of learning outcomes. Supporters of OBE refer to their authenticity, in that they reflect real-world practice where use of external resources is routine and encouraged. A contrasting view is that efficient practice requires a solid base of knowledge upon which to draw. The aim of this evaluation was to elicit learners’ perceptions of the open-book, unproctored examination approach; we sought student views on authenticity, assessment preparation, use of resources, and anxiety. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered using an online, self-administered survey. We sought to determine the correlation between student views and examination performance via consideration of final examination marks. Results: Heightened anxiety levels tended to increase assessment preparations and were found to be inversely related to learners’ perceptions that the OBE was an authentic test. An inverse relationship was seen between learners’ OBE examination performance and consulting resources during the examination. Examination marks were not significantly related to endorsement of continued online delivery of learning, time spent preparing for OBE in comparison to other types of assessment, greater anxiety than usual, perceptions of test authenticity, or experiencing a supportive test environment. Conclusions: The results of this study may inform curriculum and assessment development, learning and teaching practices, and support student voice and experience.
Simulating a Hybrid Acquisition System for UAV Platforms
Authors: Alsadik Bashar , Remondino Fabio , Nex Francesco
Published: October 2022

Currently, there is a rapid trend in the production of airborne sensors consisting of multi-view cameras or hybrid sensors, i.e., a LiDAR scanner coupled with one or multiple cameras to enrich the data acquisition in terms of colors, texture, completeness of coverage, accuracy, etc. However, the current UAV hybrid systems are mainly equipped with a single camera that will not be sufficient to view the facades of buildings or other complex objects without having double flight paths with a defined oblique angle. This entails extensive flight planning, acquisition duration, extra costs, and data handling. In this paper, a multi-view camera system which is similar to the conventional Maltese cross configurations used in the standard aerial oblique camera systems is simulated. This proposed camera system is integrated with a multi-beam LiDAR to build an efficient UAV hybrid system. To design the low-cost UAV hybrid system, two types of cameras are investigated and proposed, namely the MAPIR Survey and the SenseFly SODA, integrated with a multi-beam digital Ouster OS1-32 LiDAR sensor. Two simulated UAV flight experiments are created with a dedicated methodology and processed with photogrammetric methods. The results show that with a flight speed of 5 m/s and an image overlap of 80/80, an average density of up to 1500 pts/m2 can be achieved with adequate facade coverage in one-pass flight strips.
Designing Visualisations for Bayesian Problems According to Multimedia Principles
Authors: Büchter Theresa , Steib Nicole , Böcherer-Linder Katharina , Eichler Andreas , Krauss Stefan , Binder Karin , Vogel Markus
Published: October 2022

Questions involving Bayesian Reasoning often arise in events of everyday life, such as assessing the results of a breathalyser test or a medical diagnostic test. Bayesian Reasoning is perceived to be difficult, but visualisations are known to support it. However, prior research on visualisations for Bayesian Reasoning has only rarely addressed the issue on how to design such visualisations in the most effective way according to research on multimedia learning. In this article, we present a concise overview on subject-didactical considerations, together with the most fundamental research of both Bayesian Reasoning and multimedia learning. Building on these aspects, we provide a step-by-step development of the design of visualisations which support Bayesian problems, particularly for so-called double-trees and unit squares.
ELAA Channel Characterization with Parameter Estimation Based on a Generalized Array Manifold Model
Authors: Jing Guangzheng , Hong Jingxiang , Yin Xuefeng , Rodríguez-Piñeiro José , Yu Ziming
Published: October 2022

The extremely large antenna arrays (ELAAs) and millimeter-wave systems have become key techniques for obtaining higher frequency spectrum efficiency in sixth-generation (6G) communication systems. It is necessary to determine appropriate statistical models to describe the channel characteristics for the ELAAs, such as spatial non-stationarity, dispersion in angular domain, and spatial consistency. Thus, a signal model based on the generalized array manifold (GAM) that describes the dispersion in direction using the definition of the slightly distributed scatterer (SDS) is proposed in this work. An estimator for the parameters of the GAM model, namely GAM Space-Alternating Generalized Expectation-maximization (GAM-SAGE), is also designed. Moreover, a method to obtain a stochastic SDS-based channel model (SBCM) that is capable of reproducing the spatial consistency is proposed. The method is then used to establish measurement-based models for line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) scenarios using a 40×40 receiver (Rx) planar antenna array at a carrier frequency of 40 GHz. The results demonstrate that the SBCM is capable of achieving spatially consistent results and outperforms the specular-path (SP) models in completely characterizing the ELAA channels at millimeter-wave bands, which are fundamental for the design of 6G.
Resistive High-Voltage Probe with Frequency Compensation by Planar Compensation Electrode Integrated in Printed Circuit Board Design
Authors: Winkelholz Jonas , Hitzemann Moritz , Nitschke Alexander , Zygmanowski Anne , Zimmermann Stefan
Published: October 2022

Resistive voltage dividers tend to have a highly non-linear transfer function as parasitic and stray capacitances exert an increasing influence with increasing frequency. The non-linear transfer function depends on the topology and resistors used and consists of a low-pass filter with an additional high-pass component in the GHz range. Due to the non-linear transfer function the measured signal differs from the original input signal. Here, we present an improved resistive voltage divider with additional compensation capacities to extend the linear bandwidth. With this new concept, the linear bandwidth is improved from 115 kHz to 88 MHz, while maintaining a DC input impedance of 10 MΩ. For high-voltage insulation and easy manufacturing, surface mounted resistors on a printed circuit board with a compensation electrode on the adjacent side are used. The performance of this resistive voltage divider is demonstrated by measuring a series of high-voltage pulses with an amplitude of 2.5 kVpeak-peak. The measured pulse rise time is about 16 ns, corresponding to an average slew-rate of 150 V/ns. Finally, the developed resistive voltage divider is successfully used to measure fast high-voltage transients required for advanced ion mobility spectrometers with integrated collision induced fragmentation.
Multi-Gbps LDPC Decoder on GPU Devices
Authors: Dai Jingxin , Yin Hang , Lv Yansong , Xu Weizhang , Yang Zhanxin
Published: October 2022

To meet the high throughput requirement of communication systems, the design of high-throughput low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoders has attracted significant attention. This paper proposes a high-throughput GPU-based LDPC decoder, aiming at the large-scale data process scenario, which optimizes the decoder from the perspectives of the decoding parallelism and data scheduling strategy, respectively. For decoding parallelism, the intra-codeword parallelism is fully exploited by combining the characteristics of the flooding-based decoding algorithm and GPU programming model, and the inter-codeword parallelism is improved using the single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) instructions. For the data scheduling strategy, the utilization of off-chip memory is optimized to satisfy the demands of large-scale data processing. The experimental results demonstrate that the decoder achieves 10 Gbps throughput by incorporating the early termination mechanism on general-purpose GPU (GPGPU) devices and can also achieve a high-throughput and high-power-efficiency performance on low-power embedded GPU (EGPU) devices. Compared with the state-of-the-art work, the proposed decoder had a ×1.787 normalized throughput speedup at the same error correcting performance.
Dislocation Dynamics Model to Simulate Motion of Dislocation Loops in Metallic Materials
Authors: Tan Xinze , Tan Enhui , Sun Lizhi
Published: October 2022

Dislocation dynamics has been an intensive research subject in materials science and engineering due to the significant roles it plays in plastic deformation and the hardening of metals, fracture mechanics, and the fabrication of semiconductor thin films. However, a long-standing problem from the three-dimensional dislocation dynamics is that the motion and interaction of dislocation loops heavily depend on the loop-segment sizes, which substantially reduces the accuracy of simulation. We herein propose a new three-dimensional dislocation dynamics model together with its physical background. The proposed model incorporates the inherent interactions among differential dislocation segments. The simulation results on motion of Frank–Read sources demonstrate that the proposed model can resolve the paradoxical segment-dependent phenomenon in dislocation dynamics.
Implementação do Programa Mais Médicos nos municípios do planalto norte catarinense: avanços, dificuldades e desafios
Authors: Moro Adriana , Santos Christiane Luiza , Couto Mariele Pena , Ditterich Rafael Gomes , Mazon Luciana Maria
Published: October 2022

Este estudo avalia os avanços, dificuldades e desafios inerentes à implementação do Programa Mais Médicos nos municípios do Planalto Norte Catarinense. Os coordenadores de Atenção Primária que aderiram ao Programa e receberam profissionais médicos vinculados ao Projeto Mais Médicos para o Brasil constituem a população de análise, respondente de questionário semiestruturado na modalidade de entrevista. A coleta de dados deu-se entre os meses de abril e junho do ano de 2015. Identificou-se, entre os avanços, a ampliação de acesso à saúde pública; entre as dificuldades, a comunicação entre usuários e os profissionais de língua estrangeira; e, entre os desafios, o engessamento burocrático e legislativo atinente à gestão dos recursos humanos. Os resultados apontam que o Programa Mais Médicos em fase inicial de implementação, embora apresentasse problemas burocráticos e gerenciais, permitiu a ampliação de acesso ao sistema de saúde.
Percepção das mães de crianças submetidas ao teste do pezinho em unidades básicas de saúde
Authors: Vasconcelos Mayara Nascimento de , Silva Maria Adelane Monteiro da , Menezes Raila Souto Pinto , Mendes Jamila Davi , Naka Amanda Akemi Ribeiro
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Investigar a percepção das mães das crianças submetidas à triagem neonatal biológica. Métodos: Estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com mães de crianças triadas nas 16 Unidades Básicas de Saúde localizadas na sede do município de Sobral, Ceará, no ano de 2012. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú. Resultados: As mães possuíam conhecimento da importância do “teste do pezinho”, porém apresentavam um conceito distorcido deste. Afirmaram que foram orientadas quanto à existência do teste no ciclo gravídico-puerperal, todavia, não houve orientação no momento da realização do procedimento. Ainda, consideraram algumas fragilidades no atendimento das unidades de saúde, contudo, mostraram-se satisfeitas. Conclusão: É fundamental a capacitação dos profissionais que realizam a triagem neonatal biológica, para que, dessa forma, promovam orientações satisfatórias a essas mães que levam seus filhos para realização do teste.
Educação permanente para qualificação do processamento de esterilização de materiais na Atenção Primária: contribuições da integração ensino-serviço
Authors: Oliveira Maíra Cássia Borges de , Metelski Fernanda Karla , Trindade Leticia de Lima
Published: October 2022

Este manuscrito objetiva relatar uma prática de Educação Permanente em Saúde para qualificação do processamento e esterilização de materiais de uma Central de Materiais Esterilizados em um cenário de Estratégia Saúde da Família, a partir da integração ensino-serviço. A experiência foi realizada em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde situada no Oeste de Santa Catarina, durante o segundo semestre de 2016, envolveu estudantes e docentes de uma universidade pública e 11 trabalhadores da Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Realizou-se reunião com a coordenação, roda de conversa com os profissionais e elaboração de instrumentos (checklist e procedimento operacional padrão). As atividades de Educação Permanente em Saúde favoreceram a transformação da práxis dos atores do serviço e da academia, possibilitando o diálogo corresponsável pela qualificação da assistência, segurança do paciente e gestão do trabalho.
Percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre a atuação de acadêmicos no contexto da Atenção Primária
Authors: Costa Victória Ruas Freire , Freire José Victor Afonso , Santos Jaciara Aparecida Dias , Vieira Matheus Leite , Oliveira Filho Antônio Cavalcanti , Ferreira Isabelle Ramalho , Torres Fernanda Gabrielle Simões , Cunha Franciele Ornelas , Marques Maria Suzana , Santos Aline Soares Figueiredo , Ribeiro Claudia Danyella Alves Leão , Morais Ariadna Janice Drumond
Published: October 2022

A Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) é um cenário importante para a graduação dos cursos na área da saúde. Objetiva-se descrever e analisar a percepção dos profissionais da saúde de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) sobre a atuação dos acadêmicos de enfermagem, medicina e odontologia. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, por meio da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a profissionais atuantes na UBS em questão. A UBS apresentou recursos humanos adequados para atender às necessidades dos estudantes, mas uma insuficiência na estrutura física. A atuação dos estudantes traz contribuições para a organização do serviço e atendimento da população, apesar de diminuir a agilidade do serviço e limitar a longitudinalidade nos atendimentos. Conclui-se que a participação de estudantes na UBS agrega valor e é necessária para a formação acadêmica, como meio de ampliar a compreensão do processo saúde-doença e das possibilidades de cuidado.
Fatores que interferem na história da doença de pessoas com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial: uma abordagem a partir do genograma e ecomapa
Authors: Santos Romário Correia dos , Carneiro Pâmella Stéphanie Acioli , Bastos Marina Mota , Tiné Renata Ferreira , Silva Thaís Carine Lisboa da
Published: October 2022

Na perspectiva do conceito ampliado da saúde, a família e comunidade parecem contribuir nos processos de saúde-doença dos indivíduos e no seu tratamento, sendo sua compreensão importante para a gestão do cuidado. Assim, objetivou-se compreender, por meio de genograma e ecomapa, fatores que interferem na história da doença de pessoas com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial, acompanhadas na Atenção Primária à Saúde. O estudo teve a participação de 10 indivíduos, adscritos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Recife, classificados e separados em dois grupos, compensado ou descompensado para a condição crônica pesquisada. A coleta de dados fez-se por meio do emprego da História de Vida Focal, analisados de acordo com o Modelo Calgary de Avaliação na Família, e posteriormente as informações foram transportadas para genogramas e ecomapas. No grupo de pacientes compensados para hipertensão arterial sugere-se que as coesões sociais, familiares e comunitárias, demonstradas graficamente pelo ecomapa e genograma, influenciam de forma positiva na história da doença e na sua terapêutica. Ao contrário, no grupo de pacientes descompensados, onde há pouca frequência de equipamentos sociais e relacionamentos em conflitos ou cortados, esses aspectos contribuem de alguma forma para um pior controle da condição crônica.
Representações sociais: identificando fatores que influenciam nas ações de médicos e enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde no rastreio do câncer de mama
Authors: Coutinho Carolina Guidone , De Matos Rocha Cintia , Fernandes Thainara Aparecida , De Freitas Moreno Rodrigues Adriene , Rodrigues Luciano Antonio
Published: October 2022

O câncer é uma condição patológica e a neoplasia de mama é a mais comum. O objetivo do estudo é identificar as representações sociais que influenciam as ações de médicos e enfermeiros das Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Colatina/ES no rastreio do câncer de mama. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa, realizado entre agosto a novembro de 2019, com médicos e enfermeiros das equipes básicas das Estratégias da Saúde da Família de Colatina, localizado na região noroeste do Espírito Santo. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário semiestruturado para levantamento das evocações mediante a pergunta norteadora. A análise lexical foi realizada pelo software IRaMuTeQ versão 0.7 Alpha 2 (2014) e posteriormente a elaboração de word cloud e análise de similitude das representações sociais. As evocações dos enfermeiros apontaram o vínculo mais próximo com as mulheres nas atividades de rastreio, já as evocações dos médicos elucidaram que o seu papel está mais atrelado às ações de diagnóstico e pareceres especializados. Diante dos pressupostos, as representações sociais do rastreio do câncer de mama entre médicos e enfermeiros foi “mamografia”, sendo que ambos os profissionais assumem papéis importantes nas ações de detecção da neoplasia de mama.
Atuação do fisioterapeuta do NASF-AB nas atividades de apoio matricial, promoção à saúde e articulação de rede – um relato de experiência
Authors: Santana Andressa Santa Rosa , Barros Luiza Monteiro
Published: October 2022

OBJETIVO: Relatar ações realizadas por uma fisioterapeuta do NASF na Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família relacionadas ao apoio matricial, promoção à saúde e articulação de rede na atenção básica. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um relato de experiência que compreendeu as atividades desenvolvidas pela fisioterapeuta no ano de 2019. As experiências relatadas foram obtidas através de informações contidas no caderno de ações coletivas do plano de aula do matriciamento e planilha de acompanhamento dos usuários assistidos pela profissional. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A fisioterapeuta desenvolveu educação permanente, inseriu-se em atividades coletivas que priorizaram intervenções de promoção a saúde, além de realizar articulação de rede em centro de atenção especializado à pessoa com deficiência. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A atuação do fisioterapeuta deve abranger a promoção à saúde, prevenção de doenças e reabilitação para atender a demanda da população do território.
Análise da qualidade de vida de residentes multiprofissionais em Saúde da Família e Comunidade
Authors: Oliveira Bianka Machado , Fontanive Victor Nascimento
Published: October 2022

A residência multiprofissional em saúde consiste em uma modalidade de ensino em serviço em que a aprendizagem se dá na práxis cotidiana. Durante o percurso de formação destes residentes, diversas atividades experimentadas podem impactar na qualidade de vida destes profissionais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida dos residentes multiprofissionais do Programa de Saúde da Família e Comunidade do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC), comparando os escores obtidos com os da população do município de Porto Alegre. Este trabalho avaliou os escores dos diferentes núcleos profissionais, investigando também possíveis associações entre qualidade de vida e variáveis sociodemográficas. Trata-se de um estudo analítico, observacional do tipo transversal, utilizando questionários sociodemográfico e o WHOQOL-Bref. Observou-se menores escores de qualidade de vida nos participantes do presente estudo, quando comparado aos de residentes de outros programas e à população de Porto Alegre na mesma faixa etária. Residentes de Psicologia apresentaram escores de qualidade de vida estatisticamente diferentes dos grupos de Odontologia e Nutrição. Os escores dos domínios de qualidade de vida estiveram associados estatisticamente às variáveis sexo, raça/cor, estado civil, maternidade, moradia e mobilidade, havendo também associação com o tempo de sono e com a realização de atividades de lazer. Os achados obtidos no presente estudo evidenciam a necessidade de planejamento de uma maior atenção, e suporte, às condições de vida de residentes multiprofissionais, visando à melhoria da qualidade de vida e aprendizagem desses profissionais.
Análise do acesso a medicamentos por usuários da Atenção Primária
Authors: Lange Sacha Testoni , Silva Marcelo José de Souza e , Borba Helena Hiemisch Lobo
Published: October 2022

O acesso aos medicamentos se dá por quatro variáveis: a disponibilidade destes, sua acessibilidade geográfica, a capacidade aquisitiva das pessoas e a aceitabilidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o acesso a medicamentos pelos usuários da Atenção Primária do município de Piraquara – PR, para assim compreender as dificuldades e facilidades de acesso aos medicamentos fornecidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no município. Foi realizado um estudo transversal por meio de entrevistas com usuários da Atenção Primária do município de maio a agosto de 2020. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que 46,7% retiram medicação tanto na Atenção Primária quanto na secundária, e 29,6% dos entrevistados retiram medicação somente na Atenção Primária, sendo que 68,2% destes acessam o serviço a pé. As dificuldades mais levantadas pela população entrevistada para adquirir medicação e acessar os medicamentos foram a distância, a falta de medicação disponível no SUS, a infraestrutura até o local e a compra das medicações no sistema privado. Foi possível perceber com o estudo que o acesso aos medicamentos não é sinônimo somente da disponibilidade destes e que a melhora do serviço deve ser contínua.
Serviço Social e mundo do trabalho
Authors: Trindade Hiago
Published: October 2022

Este texto pretende oferecer um panorama do acúmulo teórico e das tendências do debate sobre o mundo do trabalho produzidas pelo Serviço Social brasileiro. Para tanto, realizamos pesquisa documental, a partir da análise de 127 artigos publicados nos anais do ENPESS (2018) e da JOINPP (2019). Concluímos atestando que a produção intelectual sobre a temática do trabalho, elaborada pelos pesquisadores vinculados ao Serviço Social, está alinhada com problemáticas observadas na realidade contemporânea, além de apontar alguns desafios ao estudo nesse campo temático.
Serviço Social no Nordeste Brasileiro
Authors: Goin Marileia , Silva Fernandes Laryssa Danielly , Jesus de Oliveira Ariel Paula
Published: October 2022

O artigo evidencia as particularidades do Nordeste no bojo da sua constituição histórica e, associado a este debate, explicita a criação dos cursos de Serviço Social na Região e o panorama contemporâneo da formação profissional. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em um movimento histórico e dialético, a reflexão busca sintonizar a profissão na diversidade de elementos que compõem a Região Nordeste, os quais configuram as peculiaridades de suas requisições formativas e profissionais.
sigilo na legislação do Serviço Social brasileiro e os conselhos profissionais
Authors: Toniolo Charles
Published: October 2022

Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre aspectos relacionados ao sigilo profissional a partir da vivência na direção de um Conselho Regional de Serviço Social entre os anos de 2011 e 2017. O texto trata sobre a natureza dos conselhos profissionais de Serviço Social, suas instâncias organizativas onde mais se observaram o tratamento dado à questão do sigilo e alguns textos jurídico-normativos em que o tema aparece regulado. Ao final, analisa algumas situações concretas experimentadas no cotidiano do Conselho, relacionando-as com a legislação profissional e as prerrogativas éticas do Serviço Social brasileiro, especialmente as relações entre as condições éticas e técnicas de trabalho e as responsabilidades éticas de assistentes sociais.