bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of pathogenic bacteria in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of cattle either directly transported to a feedlot or co-mingled at auction markets prior to feedlot placement
Authors: Hirsch Christina , Timsit Edouard , Uddin Muhammed Salah , Guan Le Luo , Alexander Trevor W.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Bacterial bronchopneumonia (BP) has been associated with purchasing cattle through auction markets. However, whether auction markets are a source of BP-associated bacterial pathogens is unknown. This study evaluated prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genetic relatedness (using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE) ofMannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, andHistophilus somniisolated from cattle either transported to an auction market prior to feedlot placement (AUC), or directly to a feedlot from a farm (RANC).

Methods

Two groups of cattle were enrolled (N = 30 per group) from two separate farms with 15 animals from an individual farm designated as AUC or RANC. Deep nasal swab (DNS) and trans-tracheal aspirates (TTA) were collected on day 0 at weaning (T0) and on day 2 at on-arrival processing at the feedlot (T1). The DNS were also collected on day 9 (T2) and day 30 (T3) after arrival at the feedlot.

Results and discussion

In both TTA and DNS, prevalence of bacteria did not differ between AUC and RANC groups (P> 0.05). None of the bacteria isolated at T0 were resistant to antimicrobials and diversity of all bacteria was greatest at T0 and T1. In Group 1 cattle, 100% ofP. multocidaisolated at T2 and T3 were multi-drug resistant. These isolates were highly related (>90%) according to PFGE, with most being clones. Though limited in size, results for animals evaluated in this study suggested that auction markets were not a major source of resistant BP pathogens, however, horizontal transmission of a multi-resistant strain ofP. multocidaoccurred in a feedlot. Spread of resistantP. multocidawas likely due to the selective pressures imposed by feedlot antimicrobial use and encoded resistance by the bacteria.
Intelligent Algorithm Optimization of Liquid Manure Spreading Control
Authors: Wang Pengjun , Chen Yongsheng , Xu Binxing , Wu Aibing , Fu Jingjing , Chen Mingjiang , Ma Biao
Published: January 2023

The growth of field crops needs appropriate soil nutrients. As a basic fertilizer, liquid manure provides biological nutrients for crop growth and increases the content of organic matter in crops. However, improper spraying not only reduces soil fertility but also destroys soil structure. Therefore, the precise control of the amount of liquid manure is of great significance for agricultural production and weight loss. In this study, we first built the model of spraying control, then optimized the BP neural network algorithm through a genetic algorithm. The stability and efficiency of the optimized controller were compared with PID, fuzzy PID and BPNN-PID control. The simulation results show that the optimized algorithm has the shortest response time and lowest relative error. Finally, platform experiments were designed to verify the four control algorithms at four different vehicle speeds. The results show that, compared with other control algorithms, the control algorithm described here has good stability, short response time, small overshoot, and can achieve an accurate fertilizer application effect, providing an optimization scheme for research on the precise application of liquid manure.
Transformation of Agro-Waste into Value-Added Bioproducts and Bioactive Compounds: Micro/Nano Formulations and Application in the Agri-Food-Pharma Sector
Authors: Bala Saroj , Garg Diksha , Sridhar Kandi , Inbaraj Baskaran Stephen , Singh Ranjan , Kamma Srinivasulu , Tripathi Manikant , Sharma Minaxi
Published: January 2023

The agricultural sector generates a significant amount of waste, the majority of which is not productively used and is becoming a danger to both world health and the environment. Because of the promising relevance of agro-residues in the agri-food-pharma sectors, various bioproducts and novel biologically active molecules are produced through valorization techniques. Valorization of agro-wastes involves physical, chemical, and biological, including green, pretreatment methods. Bioactives and bioproducts development from agro-wastes has been widely researched in recent years. Nanocapsules are now used to increase the efficacy of bioactive molecules in food applications. This review addresses various agri-waste valorization methods, value-added bioproducts, the recovery of bioactive compounds, and their uses. Moreover, it also covers the present status of bioactive micro- and nanoencapsulation strategies and their applications.
Improve Ship Propeller Efficiency via Optimum Design of Propeller Boss Cap Fins
Authors: Yin Chungen , Rosenvinge Christian Kjaer , Sandland Marcus Pless , Ehlers Anders , Shin Keun Woo
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to cost-effectively improve the energy efficiency of large vessels in shipping by the optimum design of propeller boss cap fins (PBCFs). First, a model propeller of the modern four-blade propeller in a Ro-Ro ship, with no boss cap fin in its original design, is experimentally and numerically investigated. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model reproduced all the experiments very well. Then, the CFD model is used to conduct a comprehensive optimum design of PBCFs for the down-scaled propeller. Besides the commonly used rectangular PBCFs, nine airfoils are investigated, due to their favorable lift-to-drag ratio and great potential of being effective PBCFs. The best performing profile, among the 10 shapes, is chosen as the PBCF for further optimization. Finally, the optimum design of the PBCFs for the propeller/rudder system is achieved. It was found to yield remarkable efficiency gains for the modern propeller/rudder system under both design and off-design operation conditions, mainly due to the suppressed hub vortex and partly due to the extra thrust. The yield strength analysis confirmed that the optimum design is feasible in practice and can be used in industrial vessels. The generalized criteria for the optimum design of PBCFs also benefit other propeller/rudder systems for cost-effective energy saving.
Combination of Alkaline and Heat Pretreatments with Zero-Valent Iron Application in Cassava Pulp and Wastewater for Methane Generation: Development from Batch to Continuous Systems
Authors: Boontian Nittaya , Phorndon Thunchanok , Piasai Chatlada , Padri Mohamad
Published: January 2023

Pretreatment with the addition of metals to anaerobic digestion in biogas production is crucial to address improper degradation of organic compounds with low methane production. Biogas production from a combination of cassava pulp and cassava wastewater in the batch system under the variation of alkaline and heat conditions as a pretreatment was investigated with the zero-valent iron (ZVI) addition after the pretreatment. It was found that alkaline pretreatment at pH 10 with the heat at 100 °C for 30 min combined with 50 g of ZVI kg of TVS−1 showed the highest methane production up to 4.18 m3 CH4 kg TVS−1. Nevertheless, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) removals were slightly reduced when ZVI was added to the system. Furthermore, application in the continuous system showed increased COD and VFA removals after applying alkaline and heat pretreatments. On the other hand, additional ZVI in the substrate after the pretreatments in the continuous system increased the methane production from 0.58 to 0.90 and 0.19 to 0.24 of CH4 m3 kg TVS−1 in 20 and 60 days of hydraulic retention times (HRTs), respectively. Thus, a suitable combination of alkaline and heat pretreatments with ZVI is essential for increasing methane production in batch and continuous systems.
Nurses’ Experiences Concerning Older Adults with Polypharmacy: A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Findings
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Yu Huan , Wang Qingling
Published: January 2023

Polypharmacy is an increasing health concern among older adults and results in many health risks. Nurses have an important role to play in supporting medication management and promoting medication safety across different settings. This study aims to provide a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies investigating the perceptions and experiences of nurses in caring for older adults with polypharmacy. Electronic databases including PsycArticles, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, and ERIC were searched between September 2001 and July 2022. Potential studies were checked against inclusion and exclusion criteria. We included peer-reviewed studies reporting data on the experiences of nursing staff across different settings. Studies unitizing any qualitative approach were included, and the included studies were reviewed and analyzed using a thematic synthesis approach. Study quality was examined using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative research. A total of nine studies with 91 nurses were included. Four major themes emerged: older adults suffering from polypharmacy, the importance of multidisciplinary teams, nursing roles in caring for older adults, and the complexity and barriers of implementing polypharmacy management. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the impacts of polypharmacy in older adults’ lives and should acknowledge the importance of team-based polypharmacy care in supporting older adults. Nurses play a key role in caring for older adults with polypharmacy, therefore, they should be empowered and be involved in medication management.
Stigma, Post-traumatic Stress, and COVID-19 Vaccination Intent in Mongolia, India, and the United States
Authors: Sattler David N. , Bishkhorloo Boldsuren , Lawley Kendall A. , Hackler Ruth , Byambajav Chuluunbileg , Munkhbat Michidmaa , Smith-Galeno Brooklyn
Published: January 2023

Background: Stigma and discrimination during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic have increased precipitously worldwide. This multinational study examines how stigma, blaming groups for virus spread, concern regarding contracting the virus, resource loss, life satisfaction, and protective behaviors that help control the spread of COVID-19 are associated with post-traumatic stress and vaccine intent in Mongolia, India, and the United States. Method: 1429 people in Mongolia, India, and the United States completed measures assessing stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic, post-traumatic stress, blame, protective behaviors, and vaccine intent. Results: Mean post-traumatic stress scores in all three countries exceeded the cut-off that is commonly used to determine probable post-traumatic stress. Post-traumatic stress was associated with COVID-19 stigma experience, personal behavior change due to COVID-19 stigma, blaming groups for the spread of COVID-19, fear of COVID-19, and resource loss. In India and the United States, personal behavior change due to COVID-19 stigma, anger at individuals spreading COVID-19, and perceived susceptibility to illness were positively associated with vaccine intent. Conclusions: Stigma is a collateral stressor during the pandemic. The findings underscore the importance of prompt action to address stigma as a deleterious consequence of the pandemic. The findings illuminate potential barriers to receiving the vaccine and provide direction for future research to address barriers.
Association between Meteorological Factors and Outpatient Visits for Herpes Zoster in Hefei, China: A Time-Series Analysis
Authors: Lv Xiaojie , Fang Xinyu , Qian Tingting , Cai Yuyu , Gao Peng , Chen Haifeng , Wu Qing , Wu Jun , Fan Yinguang , Ye Dongqing
Published: January 2023

This study sought to investigate the relationship between meteorological factors and outpatient visits for herpes zoster. In this time-series analysis, we used data from two major hospitals in Hefei, collected between 2015 and 2019, to evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on the risk of herpes zoster. After controlling for confounders, we adopted a distributed lag nonlinear model to probe the relationship between meteorological factors and outpatient visits for herpes zoster. The analysis was stratified according to age (<40 years, ≥40 years) and sex (male, female). A total of 43,547 cases of herpes zoster were reported, and compared with the median value, a high temperature and high relative humidity had a significant risk effect on the incidence of herpes zoster. The maximum harmful effect of high temperature on herpes zoster occurred on the lag0 (RR: 1.027, 95% CI: 1.002–1.053) and further declined over the following days. The cumulative effect increased with the extension of lag days, and the cumulative RR was the largest on the sixth day of lag (RR1.031, 95% CI: 1.006–1.056) when the relative humidity was 85.7% (77.0% as the reference). The stratified analysis results reveal that females and the elderly (≥40 years) were more susceptible to temperature and relative humidity. This study shows that high-temperatures may lead to herpes zoster, indicating that those infected with varicella zoster virus need to take measures over the course of several days when not exposed to the best appropriate temperature conditions.
The Immune Response to Nematode Infection
Authors: Stear Michael , Preston Sarah , Piedrafita David , Donskow-Łysoniewska Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

Nematode infection is a major threat to the health of humans, domestic animals and wildlife. Nematodes vary in their effect on the host and in the mechanisms underlying immunity but the general features are becoming clear. There is considerable variation among individuals in resistance to infection and much of this variation is due to genetic variation in the immune response. The major histocompatibility complex has a strong influence on resistance to infection but other genes are collectively more important. Resistant individuals produce more IgA, eosinophils, IgE and mast cells than susceptible individuals and this is a consequence of stronger type 2 (Th2) immune responses. A variety of factors promote Th2 responses including genetic background, diet, molecules produced by the parasite and the location of the infection. A variety of cells and molecules including proteins, glycolipids and RNA act in concert to promote responses and to regulate the response. Nematodes themselves also modulate the host response and over 20 parasite-derived immunomodulatory molecules have been identified. Different species of nematodes modulate the immune response in different ways and probably use multiple molecules. The reasons for this are unclear and the interactions among immunomodulators have still to be investigated.
Development of a Method for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Oil Production with an Electrical Submersible Pump
Authors: Petrochenkov Anton , Ilyushin Pavel , Mishurinskikh Sergey , Kozlov Anton
Published: January 2023

Most of the operating oil fields are in the late stages of development, in which special attention is paid to the oil production energy efficiency. In accordance with the trend toward the digitalization of technical processes, intelligent control stations for production wells are currently being developed, one of the main tasks of which is to maintain the equipment operation in an optimal mode. This work aims to develop a methodology for selecting an energy-efficient well operation mode by choosing the methods for controlling an electrical submersible pump. To solve this problem, a mathematical apparatus for calculating power consumption is presented, which considers the well pressure curve, while taking into account its degradation when pumping reservoir fluids, the fluids’ properties, the supply of demulsifier, and the equipment’s operating parameters. Based on the simulation results, it is revealed that the optimal method for controlling electrical submersible pump installations is a combination of frequency control and choke control. The reduction in specific power consumption with the combined control relative to the use of separate control types is up to 7.30%, and in the case of additional use of a demulsifier, it is up to 12.01%. The developed algorithms can be implemented based on programmable logic controllers of intelligent control stations.
Determining the Proportionality of Ischemic Stroke Risk Factors to Age
Authors: Hunter Elizabeth , Kelleher John D.
Published: January 2023

While age is an important risk factor, there are some disadvantages to including it in a stroke risk model: age can dominate the risk score and lead to over- or under-predictions in some age groups. There is evidence to suggest that some of these disadvantages are due to the non-proportionality of other risk factors with age, e.g., risk factors contribute differently to stroke risk based on an individual’s age. In this paper, we present a framework to test if risk factors are proportional with age. We then apply the framework to a set of risk factors using Framingham heart study data from the NHLBI Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center to determine if we can find evidence of non-proportionality. Using our framework, we find that a number of risk factors (diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, BMI, sex, high blood pressure treatment) may be non-proportional to age. This suggests that testing for the proportionality of risk factors with age should be something that is considered in stroke risk prediction modelling and traditional modelling methods may need to be adjusted to capture this non-proportionality.
Symbiont-Bearing Colonial Corals and Gastropods: An Odd Couple of the Shallow Seas
Authors: Coletti Giovanni , Collareta Alberto , Di Cencio Andrea , Bosio Giulia , Casati Simone
Published: January 2023

In order to investigate the serendipitous find of a gastropod encrusted by the symbiont-bearing colonial coral Oculina patagonica, we examined several specimens of cnidarian-encrusted gastropods, ranging in age from the Pliocene to the Recent, and characterized in detail their sclerobiont cover. The results of our analysis suggest that gastropod shells can be encrusted by symbiont-bearing colonial corals at various times: (1) when the gastropod is alive; (2) when the shell is being used by a secondary inhabitant (e.g., hermit crabs or sipunculid worms); (3) when the shell is discarded but yet to be buried. The relationship between the symbiont-bearing coral and the inhabitant(s) of the encrusted shell is an example of facultative mutualism, i.e., it is non-obligate yet beneficial for both ends as the former obtains the capability to move, and the latter improves the resistance and resilience of its armor, thus obtaining extra protection from predators. Being able to move could prove particularly useful for a symbiont-bearing coral because, in addition to removing the risk of being smothered by sediment, it would also favor the photosynthetic activity of its algal endosymbionts by allowing the coral to be always clean of sedimentary particles. Although the resulting epibiotic association would be limited in size by the ability of either the gastropod or the secondary inhabitant of the shell to move at the seafloor, these small and easy-to-miss benthic islands might become the seeds that allow sessile carbonate producers such as hermatypic colonial corals to colonize unconsolidated substrates.
TtCel7A: A Native Thermophilic Bifunctional Cellulose/Xylanase Exogluclanase from the Thermophilic Biomass-Degrading Fungus Thielavia terrestris Co3Bag1, and Its Application in Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Agroindustrial Derivatives
Authors: López-López Azucena , Santiago-Hernández Alejandro , Cayetano-Cruz Maribel , García-Huante Yolanda , Campos Jorge E. , Bustos-Jaimes Ismael , Marsch-Moreno Rodolfo , Cano-Ramírez Claudia , Benitez-Cardoza Claudia G. , Hidalgo-Lara María Eugenia
Published: January 2023

The biomass-degrading thermophilic ascomycete fungus Thielavia terrestris Co3Bag1 produces TtCel7A, a native bifunctional cellulase/xylanase GH7 family. The purified TtCel7A, with an estimated molecular weight of 71 kDa, was biochemically characterized. TtCel7A displayed an optimal pH of 5.5 for both activities and an optimal temperature of 60 and 50 °C for cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, respectively. The half-lives determined for cellulase activity were 140, 106, and 41 min at 50, 60, and 70 °C, respectively, whereas the half-lives observed for xylanase activity were 24, 10, and 1.4 h at 50, 60, and 70 °C, respectively. The KM and Vmax values were 3.12 mg/mL and 50 U/mg for cellulase activity and 0.17 mg/mL and 42.75 U/mg for xylanase activity. Circular dichroism analysis suggests changes in the secondary structure of TtCel7A in the presence of CMC as the substrate, whereas no modifications were observed with beechwood xylan. TtCel7A displayed the excellent capability to hydrolyze CMC, beechwood xylan, and complex substrates such as oat bran, wheat bran, and sugarcane bagasse, with glucose and cellobiose being the main products released; also, slightly less endo cellulase and xylanase activities were observed. Thus, suggesting TtCel7A has an exo- and endomode of action. Based on the characteristics of the enzyme, it might be considered a good candidate for industrial applications.
Comparative Roles of Rad4A and Rad4B in Photoprotection of Beauveria bassiana from Solar Ultraviolet Damage
Authors: Yu Lei , Xu Si-Yuan , Luo Xin-Cheng , Ying Sheng-Hua , Feng Ming-Guang
Published: January 2023

The Rad4-Rad23-Rad33 complex plays an essential anti-ultraviolet (UV) role depending on nucleotide excision repair (NER) in budding yeast but has been rarely studied in filamentous fungi, which possess two Rad4 paralogs (Rad4A/B) and orthologous Rad23 and rely on the photorepair of UV-induced DNA lesions, a distinct mechanism behind the photoreactivation of UV-impaired cells. Previously, nucleocytoplasmic shuttling Rad23 proved to be highly efficient in the photoreactivation of conidia inactivated by UVB, a major component of solar UV, due to its interaction with Phr2 in Beauveria bassiana, a wide-spectrum insect mycopathogen lacking Rad33. Here, either Rad4A or Rad4B was proven to localize exclusively in the nucleus and interact with Rad23, which was previously shown to interact with the white collar protein WC2 as a regulator of two photorepair-required photolyases (Phr1 and Phr2) in B. bassiana. The Δrad4A mutant lost ~80% of conidial UVB resistance and ~50% of activity in the photoreactivation of UVB-inactivated conidia by 5 h light exposure. Intriguingly, the reactivation rates of UVB-impaired conidia were observable only in the presence of rad4A after dark incubation exceeding 24 h, implicating extant, but infeasible, NER activity for Rad4A in the field where night (dark) time is too short. Aside from its strong anti-UVB role, Rad4A played no other role in B. bassiana’s lifecycle while Rad4B proved to be functionally redundant. Our findings uncover that the anti-UVB role of Rad4A depends on the photoreactivation activity ascribed to its interaction with Rad23 linked to WC2 and Phr2 and expands a molecular basis underlying filamentous fungal adaptation to solar UV irradiation on the Earth’s surface.
Beach Scenic Quality versus Beach Concessions: Case Studies from Southern Italy
Authors: Mooser Alexis , Anfuso Giorgio , Pranzini Enzo , Rizzo Angela , Aucelli Pietro P. C.
Published: January 2023

This paper essentially aims to identify coastal sites of great scenic value not (or barely) affected by human intrusions and propose sound management interventions to improve their landscape quality. Today, management of coastal areas in Italy is a very complex task essentially because of institutional fragmentation and overlapping of laws/regulations at the national, regional and municipal levels. It is estimated that only half of the country’s beaches are freely accessible and usable for bathing, i.e., 43% are occupied by private concessions and in 7.2% bathing is not allowed because of water pollution. Sites’ scenic quality was assessed using the Coastal Scenic Evaluation System (CSES), a robust semi-quantitative methodology based on a set of 26 physical/human parameters, weighting matrices parameters and fuzzy logic mathematics. An evaluation index (D) was afterward obtained for each site and used to classify them into five scenic classes. After a long process of field testing along the coasts of the Tyrrhenian, Ionic and Adriatic seas (25 municipalities, 7 provinces and 4 regions: Campania, Basilicata, Calabria and Apulia), a total of 36 sites were selected for this paper. Twenty-four sites fall within Class I, i.e., were extremely attractive (D ≥ 0.85; CSES) because of their exceptional geomorphological settings that favour a wide variety of coastal sceneries. Most of Class II (8) and Class III (4) sites could be upgraded by implementing clean-up operations or by reducing intrusive beach facilities. Meanwhile “private” beaches are usually cleaned; beach litter at remote/public sites represents a big concern to be challenged. Today, finding a free/aesthetic/clean beach without human intrusions in a fully natural environment is far more complex than it seems. Given this context, emphasis was particularly placed on beach litter and concessions aspects.
Coexisting Attractors and Multistate Noise-Induced Intermittency in a Cycle Ring of Rulkov Neurons
Authors: Bashkirtseva Irina A. , Pisarchik Alexander N. , Ryashko Lev B.
Published: January 2023

We study dynamics of a unidirectional ring of three Rulkov neurons coupled by chemical synapses. We consider both deterministic and stochastic models. In the deterministic case, the neural dynamics transforms from a stable equilibrium into complex oscillatory regimes (periodic or chaotic) when the coupling strength is increased. The coexistence of complete synchronization, phase synchronization, and partial synchronization is observed. In the partial synchronization state either two neurons are synchronized and the third is in antiphase, or more complex combinations of synchronous and asynchronous interaction occur. In the stochastic model, we observe noise-induced destruction of complete synchronization leading to multistate intermittency between synchronous and asynchronous modes. We show that even small noise can transform the system from the regime of regular complete synchronization into the regime of asynchronous chaotic oscillations.
Population Structure and Genomic Characteristics of Australian Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Reveals Unobserved Diversity in the Australian Pig Industry
Authors: Webster John , Bowring Bethany , Stroud Leah , Marsh Ian , Sales Narelle , Bogema Daniel
Published: January 2023

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of erysipelas in a variety of animals, including swine, emus, turkeys, muskox, caribou, moose, and humans. This study aims to investigate the population structure and genomic features of Australian isolates of E. rhusiopathiae in the Australian pig industry and compare them to the broader scope of isolates worldwide. A total of 178 isolates (154 Australian, seven vaccine isolates, six international isolates, and 11 of unknown origin) in this study were screened against an MLST scheme and publicly available reference isolates, identifying 59 new alleles, with isolates separating into two main single locus variant groups. Investigation with BLASTn revealed the presence of the spaA gene in 171 (96%) of the isolates, with three main groups of SpaA protein sequences observed amongst the isolates. Novel SpaA protein sequences, categorised here as group 3 sequences, consisted of two sequence types forming separate clades to groups 1 and 2, with amino acid variants at positions 195 (D/A), 303 (G/E) and 323(P/L). In addition to the newly identified groups, five new variant positions were identified, 124 (S/N), 307 (Q/R), 323 (P/L), 379 (M/I), and 400 (V/I). Resistance screening identified genes related to lincomycin, streptomycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline resistance. Of the 29 isolates carrying these resistance genes, 82% belonged to SpaA group 2-N101S (n = 22) or 2-N101S-I257L (n = 2). In addition, 79% (n = 23) of these 29 isolates belonged to MLST group ST 5. Our results illustrate that Australia appears to have a unique diversity of E. rhusiopathiae isolates in pig production industries within the wider global context of isolates.
Tunable Metasurfaces Based on Mechanically Deformable Polymeric Substrates
Authors: Effah Elijah , Nettey-Oppong Ezekiel Edward , Ali Ahmed , Byun Kyung Min , Choi Seung Ho
Published: January 2023

The emergence of metamaterials has presented an unprecedented platform to control the fundamental properties of light at the nanoscale. Conventional metamaterials, however, possess passive properties that cannot be modulated post-fabrication, limiting their application spectrum. Recent metasurface research has explored a plethora of active control mechanisms to modulate the optical properties of metasurfaces post-fabrication. A key active control mechanism of optical properties involves the use of mechanical deformation, aided by deformable polymeric substrates. The use of deformable polymeric substrates enables dynamic tuning of the optical properties of metasurfaces including metalenses, metaholograms, resonance, and structural colors, which are collectively relevant for biosensing and bioimaging. Deformable–stretchable metasurfaces further enable conformable and flexible optics for wearable applications. To extend deformable–stretchable metasurfaces to biocompatible metasurfaces, a fundamental and comprehensive primer is required. This review covers the underlying principles that govern the highlighted representative metasurface applications, encompassing stretchable metalenses, stretchable metaholograms, tunable structural colors, and tunable plasmonic resonances, while highlighting potential advancements for sensing, imaging, and wearable biomedical applications.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of TiO2-CeO2 Mixed Oxides Utilized as a Screen-Printed Sensing Material for Oxygen Sensor
Authors: Stevanović Jelena N. , Petrović Srđan P. , Tadić Nenad B. , Cvetanović Katarina , Silva Ana G. , Radović Dana Vasiljević , Sarajlić Milija
Published: January 2023

TiO2 and CeO2 are well known as oxygen sensing materials. Despite high sensitivity, the actual utilization of these materials in gas detection remains limited. Research conducted over the last two decades has revealed synergistic effects of TiO2-CeO2 mixed oxides that have the potential to improve some aspects of oxygen monitoring. However, there are no studies on the sensing properties of the TiO2-CeO2 obtained by mechanochemical treatment. We have tested the applicability of the mechanochemically treated TiO2-CeO2 for oxygen detection and presented the results in this study. The sensing layers are prepared as a porous structure by screen printing a thick film on a commercial substrate. The obtained structures were exposed to various O2 concentrations. The results of electrical measurements showed that TiO2-CeO2 films have a significantly lower resistance than pure oxide films. Mixtures of composition TiO2:CeO2 = 0.8:0.2, ground for 100 min, have the lowest electrical resistance among the tested materials. Mixtures of composition TiO2:CeO2 = 0.5:0.5 and ground for 100 min proved to be the most sensitive. The operating temperature can be as low as 320 °C, which places this sensor in the class of semiconductor sensors working at relatively lower temperatures.
Interactive Learning Environment for Effective Music Learning in Chinese Primary and Secondary Schools
Authors: Gong Luxin , Wang Jingyi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the present research is to study approaches to the formation of an interactive learning environment for the effective study of music in Chinese primary and secondary schools. Initially, the study defined that most students had mastered the average level of knowledge before the intervention. The programs for secondary school students focused on studying the aspects of musical notation and the ability to identify it (27%). The present study involved the development of a modified curriculum. The elaborated program contained various interactive technologies, playfully studying the information, and direct interaction from the students. This study builds on an empirical approach through a sociological survey. This method contributed to determining the student perception of the modified training program. The results showed that 88% of primary school students and 86% of secondary school students had a positive perception of the educational process provided by the authors of this research.
Payment of trade fee by medical organizations engaged in trade of related goods
Authors:   Department of Economics and Management, Institute of Law and Management, Moscow City University. Moscow, Shinkareva O.V. , Oparina S.I. ,   Department of Financial Management and Financial Law, Moscow Metropolitan Governance Yury Luzhkov University. Moscow
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the calculation and payment of trade fee by private medical organizations located in the city of Moscow — theonly subject of the Russian Federation that introduced this fee. Analyzed situations when medical organizations are payers of this collection, its main elements. The obligations of the trade fee payers were considered, namely, timely registration with the tax authorities by sending a notification in the appropriate form, timely notification of changes in the characteristics of the trade object and its location, and deregistration of the object. It is emphasized that the organization, upon termination of trading activities, is obliged to notify the tax authorities of this to exclude the fee from the payers. We have considered practical examples explaining the specifics of the emergence of the payer’s duties, as well as the calculation and payment of the trade fee in various situations.
Gustera Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus, 1758) of small reservoirs of Central Russia
Authors:   Russian federal research institute of fisheries and oceanography (VNIRO), Russia, Moscow, Bykov A.D.
Published: January 2023

The question of the fishery significance of the gustera inhabiting the reservoirs of the Smolensk, Moscow, Ryazan and Kursk regions is considered. The occurrence of gustera in the catches of fixed nets with a mesh pitch of 30–50 mm is shown on the example of small reservoirs in Central Russia. Its share in net catches directly depends on the thermal regime of reservoirs and increases in the direction from north to south, from the Moskvoretsko-Vazuzskaya group of reservoirs to the reservoirs of the Kursk region. The greatest importance of the cluster is in the structure of ichthyocenoses of cooling reservoirs of nuclear power plants and GRES. Depending on the morphological features of reservoirs, the main biotopes of the gustera are the sublittoral zone and the flooded floodplain in the depth range from 2 to 8 m. Using the example of the Mozhaisk reservoir, it is shown that the share of gust in the structure of the fish part of the community has not changed significantly over the fifty-year period of its existence due to the relative stability of the ecosystem of this reservoir and operation in the mode of a drinking reservoir. The highest indicators of the weight growth of gust are characteristic of cooling reservoirs of nuclear power plants and GRES, as well as Kursk reservoirs. Significantly inferior to them is the gaster from the colder-water Vazuz and Moskvoretsky reservoirs. The onset of puberty in the gustera inhabiting the reservoirs of Central Russia, as well as growth, is closely interrelated with the thermal regime of these reservoirs and the duration of the feeding period. In the absence of industrial fishing and a low degree of development of the reserves of gustera by amateur fishermen, in most reservoirs of the group under consideration, a high biomass of this species is observed in the range from 25 to 116 kg/ha. When highly productive benthic fish are introduced, gustera will be their competitor in nutrition and significantly reduce the efficiency of reservoir stocking. It is recommended to suppress the number of gustera by intensifying amateur fishing and mass stocking of reservoirs with predatory fish species.
Study of the effectiveness of using the antioxidant astaxanthin in the composition of feeds for valuable aquaculture objects
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University named after K.A. Timiryazev, Russia, Moscow, Yesavkin Yu.I. , Zhigin A.V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University named after K.A. Timiryazev, Russia, Moscow; Russian Federal Research Institute Of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Russia, Moscow, Maksimenkova A.A. ,   Russian State Agrarian University named after K.A. Timiryazev, Russia, Moscow, Grikshas S.A. ,   Russian State Agrarian University named after K.A. Timiryazev, Russia, Moscow, Pavlov A.D. ,   Central Administration for Fisheries Expertise and Standards for the Conservation, Reproduction of Aquatic Biological Resources and Acclimatization, Russia, Moscow
Published: January 2023

The “Enzymsporin” is one of these preparations, which is a probiotic feed additive for optimizing digestion processes, increasing the productivity and safety of fish. Second year rainbow trout grown in cages at the cooling pond of the Smolensk NPP were used as the objects of study. Specialized domestic feed “Trout growth 44/23” was used as the main diet (MD) for feeding the fish. The main diet with the addition of 0,5 g of “Enzymsporin” per 1 kg of feed was used as an experimental variation. An increase of the body girth index (66,7% versus 61,9% at p < 0,05) in the experimental group of the trout was founded. A tendency to increase the coefficient of fatness and the relative length of the stomach and intestines were noted, but the difference was not significant. The relative weight of fish without chyme (gastric and intestinal contents) in the control (without the use of the preparation) was significantly higher by 2,6% (p < 0,05), that indicates its lower nutritional activity. Significant differences in the content of moisture and minerals in the experimental and control groups won’t founded, but the fat content in the body of fish when using a probiotic was 1,5% higher then in control. Therefore, trout meat in this variant was more nutritious. An improvement in rearing results was achieved in the experimental group, especially the average daily growth gain increased by 6,8%, survival — by 6,7%, standing crop of the fish per unit area in a body water — by 9,2%, with a reduction of feed conversion ratio by 10,2%. The trout meat of the experimental group after heat treatment had a more pleasant taste, juiciness and tender texture. The average score of its overall average degustation evaluation significantly exceeded the control (8,0 versus 7,5 at p < 0,05). An economic effect in the experimental variant of feeding was 98257,5 rubles for the 80 m2 cage.
Conceptual approaches to fair value measurement
Authors:   Buryat State Agricultural Academy named after V.R. Filippov, Ulan-Ude, Russia, Gomboeva A. N.
Published: January 2023

The article discusses theoretical issues of fair value application, examines the stages of fair value formation, and discloses existing approaches to determining fair value. Questions of fair value arose in 1870 but all of them are a lot discussed, and interpretation of a term remains indistinct. The model of the mixed assessment will still be applied in the theory and practice of accounting. Each of the considered approaches to fair value has advantages and shortcomings therefore it is necessary to approach each approach in terms of his essence, contents and depending on a type of an asset to which it is applied.
Inventory accounting in the concept of the risk-oriented approach
Authors:   1Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia, Babanskaya A. S. , Dzhikiya K. А. ,   1Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia, Minaeva V. M. ,   1Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2023

The article focuses on the risk-based approach in the practice of inventory accounting. The basic types of risks that arise when accounting for inventories and the mechanisms for their leveling are considered. The features of the practice of accounting for inventories in accordance with the Federal Accounting Standard 5/2019 «Reserves» are disclosed, the basics of the formation of reserves for the decline in the value of material assets are considered. The result was practical recommendations on the disclosure in accounting of certain provisions of FSBU 5/2019 and the features of reflecting information on reserves in accounting policies, accounting and reporting, which will help reduce the number of errors and prevent the negative impact of risks. The application of the proposed risk-based concept when accounting for inventories will ensure timely identification of risks that arise at all stages of inventory management, reduce the consequences of their implementation and lay the foundations for safe predictive conduct of activities.
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM SMARTFARMING MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO DAN MODUL ESP8266
Authors: Bijanto Bijanto , Nugroho Sigit Prakosa Adi , Fredyatama Yayang , Fahrani Dini , Proborini Ellen
Published: January 2023

Sektor pertanian menjadi sektor yang menjajikan di masa depan, tetapi di Indonesia sektor pertanian belum berkembang dengan baik dikarenakan banyak faktor seperti kepemilikan lahan yang bersifat perseorangan yang cenderung sempit, anak muda yang tidak mau melanjutkan usaha orang tua dalam bertani, kemudian 60% para petani di Indonesia masih mengandalkan sistem pertanian tradisional, tanpa memerhatikan kebutuhan air, musim, iklim, harga penjualan, jenis tanaman dan lainnya. Sistem pertanian tradisional juga memerlukan biaya yang tinggi, sehingga pendapatan kurang maksimal. Menurut BPS pada triwulan II 2022 sektor perekonomian tertinggi terdapat pada lapangan usaha bidang pertanian, perhutanan dan perikanan sebesar 13,15%. Potensi tersebut seharusnya dapat dikembangkan di era industry 4.0, sebagai contoh teknologi yang dapat diterapkan dalam sektor pertanian yaitu Internet of Think, maka diperlukan sebuah sistem untuk mengontrol kebutuhan air, suhu serta intensitas cahaya yang di perlukan untuk membantu fotosintesis tanaman. Sistem yang diusulkan akan menggunakan empat buah sensor meliputi sensor cahaya (LDR), sensor suhu (dht-11), sensor ultrasonik, serta sensor kelembaban tanah (soil moisture sensor). Pada sistem yang diusulkan ini juga dapat dilakukan monitoring menggunakan aplikasi Blynk yang dapat dipantau melalui smartphone. Proses pembangunan sistem menggunakan metode Rnd, dikarenakan metode Rnd sesuai untuk pembuatan produk yang bisa diterapkan untuk menunjang pertanian.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN EKOWISATA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SWOT DAN QSPM
Authors: Harisudin Muhammad , Qurtubi Qurtubi
Published: January 2023

Yogyakarta memiliki potensi kekayaan sumber daya alam yang dapat menjadi modal untuk mengembangan industri pariwisata dengan memanfaatkan potensi alam. Salah satu wisata berbasis alam yang dikembangkan di Yogyakarta yaitu Ekowisata yang terletak di Jalan Kaliurang. Semakin menjamurnya pariwisata berbasis alam merupakan salah satu tantangan bagi pengelola ekowisata karena semakin banyak pesaing. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan strategi pemasaran yang tepat untuk diterapkan oleh pengelola Ekowisata. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap perkembangan Ekowisata sehingga semakin banyak wisatawan yang datang berkunjung sehingga berimbas terhadap peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat sekitar Ekowisata. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara dan observasi. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Analisis SWOT dan Metode quantitative strategic planning matrix. Hasil dari pengeolahan data menggunakan Analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa Ekowisata berada pada posisi yang  “kuat” dan “berpeluang”. Alternatif strategi yang direkomendasikan yaitu membuat branding yang lebih baik mengenai produk dan layanan Ekowisata baik kepada pengunjung maupun stakeholder serta menjaga sustainability Ekowisata dengan manage produk, customer, stakeholder, dan sosial. Sedangkan hasil dari metode QSPM menghasilkan strategi yang direkomendasikan untuk dijalankan oleh pengelola Ekowisata yaitu menjaga sustainability Ekowisata dengan manage produk, customer, stakeholder, dan sosial.
ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL E VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL: Estudo de projetos pedagógicos de sete cursos de graduação em matemática
Authors: Sales Francisco Alexandre de Lima , Feio Leila do Socorro Rodrigues , Vasquez Eliane Leal , Aguiar Reullyanne Freitas de
Published: January 2023

O objetivo do artigo foi analisar os projetos pedagógicos do curso de Graduação em Matemática (PPCGM) do Instituto Federal de Ensino do Maranhão (IFMA), enfocando a questão da vulnerabilidade social e sua relação com os objetivos da política de assistência estudantil no Brasil. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, os dados foram coletados de setembro a novembro de 2022, e utilizou-se o método de análise de conteúdo, orientado pelo livro de Bardin (2011). Parte das informações foram organizadas em um diagrama construído no software Gephi. A análise dos dados foi estruturada em quatro categorias. Quanto a concepção ideológica dos PPCGM em relação à formação inicial do professor, os resultados mostraram que todos os PPCGM apresentavam um forte embasamento com relação ao contexto social, e também com a organização do currículo. No que tange ao ideário apresentado nas ementas, dos sete PPCGM analisados, seis tinham ementas com temas que discutiam a produção do conhecimento científico, as práticas sociais e diversidade. Além disso, dos sete PPCGM, seis revelaram quatorze autores em que nas suas obras apresentavam o termo descritor “social”, citados como indicação para leitura. Por fim, no que concerne as ações para a permanência, os resultados não são animadores, pois os PPCGM do IFMA não abordam as ações para reduzir a vulnerabilidade social, tão pouco a política de permanência e a conclusão de seus cursos.
PERMANÊNCIA ESCOLAR E A TRAJETÓRIA DE JOVENS DE ESCOLA PÚBLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Simões Bruna Faria , Vermelho Sônia Cristina Soares Dias
Published: January 2023

A taxas de abandono escolar no Brasil são altas e ocorrem em sua maioria na escola pública e com jovens em condições de vulnerabilidade. Face a maioria das pesquisas observarem o fenômeno pela ótica da evasão, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar pelo da permanência. A pesquisa foi feita em uma escola pública de Ensino Médio da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, foi aplicado um questionário estruturado aos alunos de Ensino Médio, contendo perguntas acerca da trajetória e permanência escolar. Ao todo, 115 alunos responderam o questionário. Os resultados indicaram que a perspectiva de futuro apareceu como principal motivo da permanência escolar, e que a escola é importante para vida, mostrando que a permanência está atrelada a um futuro melhor, relacionado a um trabalho e à garantia de ganho financeiro para melhoria de vida, aspectos que cercam a vida da população mais pobre. A permanência, portanto, indica uma forte relação com o desejo de sair do ciclo ligado a condição de vulnerabilidade, pois apesar do desestímulo pelas dificuldades em aprender, permanecem, pois, têm a esperança de que estudar lhes garantirá um futuro e uma vida melhor.
Femmes immigrées : de l’implication associative à la dynamique de travail
Authors: Veith Blandine
Published: January 2023

Les femmes primo-migrantes qui vivent dans des banlieues populaires sont parmi les catégories les plus touchées par la précarisation sociale. Certaines d’entre elles tentent de créer des collectifs de travail, soutenus par des associations multiculturelles de femmes. Qui sont ces immigrées ? Quelles ressources mobilisent-elles ? Les associations sont des espaces où elles peuvent construire un devenir féminin autonome, solidaire et citoyen ; un espace intermédiaire entre la sphère privée et la sphère publique ; un espace où elles tentent de résister à la précarisation sociale sans échapper totalement à son étau puisque les emplois et les entreprises associatives restent précaires.