bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing saliva and blood for the detection of mosaic genomic abnormalities that cause syndromic intellectual disability
Authors: Wall Meaghan , Francis David , Scheffer Ingrid , Tan Tiong , Murali Krithika , Gallacher Lyndon , Amor David , Goel Himanshu , Downie Lilian , Stutterd Chloe , Krzesinski Emma , Vasudevan Anand , Oertel Ralph , Petrovic Vida , Boys Amber , Wei Vivian , Burgess Trent , Dun Karen , Oliver Karen , Baxter Anne , Hackett Anna , Ayres Samantha , Lunke Sebastian
Published: September 2022

We aimed to determine whether SNP-microarray genomic testing of saliva had a greater diagnostic yield than blood for pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs). We selected patients who underwent CMA testing of both blood and saliva from 23,289 blood and 21,857 saliva samples. Our cohort comprised 370 individuals who had testing of both, 224 with syndromic intellectual disability (ID) and 146 with isolated ID. Mosaic pathogenic CNVs or aneuploidy were detected in saliva but not in blood in 20/370 (4.4%). All 20 individuals had syndromic ID, accounting for 9.1% of the syndromic ID sub-cohort. Pathogenic CNVs were large in size (median of 46 Mb), and terminal in nature, with median mosaicism of 27.5% (not exceeding 40%). By contrast, non-mosaic pathogenic CNVs were 100% concordant between blood and saliva, considerably smaller in size (median of 0.65 Mb), and predominantly interstitial in location. Given that salivary microarray testing has increased diagnostic utility over blood in individuals with syndromic ID, we recommend it as a first-tier testing in this group.
The relationship between food skills and cooking skills, and eating behaviors in people with overweight or obesity
Authors: Arslan Sedat , Selcuk Kevser Tarı , sahin Nursel , Atan Ramazan
Published: September 2022

Background In the present study, the authors aimed to determine food skills and cooking skills, and eating behaviors, and to evaluate the relationship between food skills and cooking skills, and eating behaviors in people with overweight or obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 185 people with overweight or obesity. The researchers collected the study data using the face-to-face interview method through a questionnaire including the Descriptive Information Form, Cooking Skills and Food Skills Scale, and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21. Numbers, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Student's t-test, Pearson Chi-Square test, and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results The mean scores the individuals obtained from the overall Cooking Skills and Food Skills Scale, and cooking skills, food skills, uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating sub-dimensions were 148.17 ± 52.20, 70.45 ± 27.48, 77.84 ± 28.90, 43.90 ± 22.74, 36.95 ± 23.93 and 38.94 ± 29.17 respectively. Multiple linear regression was fitted to determine the association between food skills and cooking skills and eating behaviors while adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Food skills and cooking skills were positively associated with uncontrolled eating (β = 0.213, p = 0.030), cognitive restraint (β = 0.245, p = 0.009), and emotional eating behaviors (β = 0.338, p = 0.001). Conclusion In people with overweight or obesity, cognitive restraint and emotional eating behaviors improve as their food preparation and cooking skills improve. Therefore, education and public health practices on eating awareness, food skills, and cooking skills can play an important role in bringing healthy behavior change into practice in society.
Iron Drives Anabolic Metabolism Through Active Histone Demethylation and mTORC1
Authors: Shapiro Jason , Chang Hsiang-Chun , Zhao Zibo , Waxali Zohra , Hong Bong Jin , Chen Haimei , Geier Justin , Bartom Elizabeth , De Jesus Adam , Keyhani-Nejad Farnaz , Sato Tatsuya , Ramos-Alonso Lucia , Romero Antonia , Martínez-Pastor María Teresa , Jiang Shang-Chuan , Sah-Teli Shiv K. , Li Liming , Bentrem David , Lopaschuk Gary , BEN-SAHRA Issam , O'Halloran Thomas , Shilatifard Ali , Puig Sergi , Bergelson Joy , Koivunen Peppi , Ardehali Hossein
Published: September 2022

All living cells require a minimal iron threshold to sustain anabolic metabolism. However, the mechanisms by which cells sense iron to regulate anabolic processes are unclear. Here, we report a universal eukaryotic pathway for iron sensing in which molecular iron is required to sustain active histone demethylation and maintain the expression of critical components of the pro-anabolic mTORC1 pathway. Specifically, we identify the iron-binding histone-demethylase KDM3B as an intrinsic iron sensor that regulates mTORC1 activity by demethylating H3K9me2 at enhancers of genes encoding high-affinity leucine transporters and RAPTOR. By directly suppressing leucine availability and RAPTOR levels, iron deficiency (ID) supersedes other nutrient inputs into mTORC1. This process occurs in vivo, and is not an indirect effect by canonical iron-utilizing pathways. Elevated expression of KDM3B targets is associated with reduced survival in a subset of human cancers and ID represses mTORC1 in patient-derived tumor cells and sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy. These data demonstrate a novel mechanism of eukaryotic iron sensing through dynamic chromatin remodeling and repression of mTORC1 mediated anabolism. Due to ancestral eukaryotes sharing homologues of KDMs and mTORC1 core components, this pathway likely predated the emergence of the other kingdom-specific nutrient sensors for mTORC1.
Attitude toward brachycephalic dogs is influenced by age, sex, parenthood, education, and personality but not by eye-contact preference or health-awareness
Authors: Bognár Zsófia , Kubinyi Enikő
Published: September 2022

Brachycephalic (“flat-faced”) dogs are popular despite their health problems. We assumed that people who like brachycephalic dogs have lower knowledge about the associated health problems; they have a specific personality profile and highly value these dogs’ tendencies to form eye contact with humans. We applied an online survey (N = 1156 respondents) and found that, in contrast to our expectations, people with a positive attitude toward brachycephalism associated more health problems with it and did not prefer photos of dogs looking into the camera (“forming eye-contact”) over dogs looking away. In addition, they were more often younger, were women, had children, were less educated, and had a higher level of agreeableness and dog-directed emotional empathy. The results suggest that brachycephalic dogs’ tendency to form eye contact does not contribute to their popularity, and neither high emotional empathy nor knowledge about health problems deters people from liking these dogs. Future research should examine how dog behaviours other than forming eye-contact maintain the popularity of flat-faced dogs and how owners’ sensitivity to fashion trends as well as not recognizing that a dog is suffering from health issues, contribute.
Tumor-bowel fistula as a rare form of recurrent ovarian cancer – imaging and treatment. The pilot study
Authors: Jankowska-Lombarska Melania , Grabowska-Derlatka Laretta , Derlatka Pawel
Published: September 2022

Background. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the value of imaging techniques (CT and MRI) in the diagnosis of a tumor-bowel fistula as a rare form of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) relapse. We also performed an initial assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment of this form of relapse.
Methods. The study group consisted of 8 patients with suspected platinum-sensitive recurrence in the form of a tumor/bowel fistula. All patients finished their first line of chemotherapy and subsequently showed complete remission for 6 months or more. To qualify patients for further treatment, CT and MRI were performed, which suggested the presence of a fistula between the recurrent tumor and intestine. DESKTOP study criteria were used to qualify patients for secondary cytoreduction. Second-line chemotherapy was given after secondary debulking.
Results. In all patients, fistulas formed between the tumor and large bowel. On CT, the fistulas were indirectly visible. In all cases, the fistula was visible on MR images, which showed hypointensity on the T2 and T1 postcontrast sequences but did not show restricted diffusion on the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence. Patients who were qualified for the study underwent secondary debulking with bowel resection. In all eight cases, the fistula between the tumor and surrounding organs was confirmed. During surgery, seven intestinal anastomoses and one colostomy were performed. No residual macroscopic tumor remained in seven cases (resection R0-87,5%). The progression-free survival was 8.4-22.6 months (median 13.4). In the group with cytoreduction R0, the median PFS was 15.5 months (12-22).
Conclusion. In the case of relapsed EOC in patients with clinical symptoms in the form of a fistula, CT should not be the only diagnostic method, as MRI is a superior method for diagnosing fistulas. Bowel resection with simultaneous anastomosis seems to be a good and safe solution for these patients. However, an appropriate qualification for surgery is essential.
Full-order adaptive sliding mode control with extended state observer for high-speed PMSM speed regulation
Authors: Luo Meng , Yu Zhichun , Xiao Yang , Xiong Liyong , Xu Qiang , Ma Li , Wu Zhihong
Published: September 2022

In order to achieve speed control of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor with high precision, the sliding mode control (SMC) is usually adopted. However, the inherent chattering phenomenon affects the speed control performance. In order to solve this problem, a composite speed regulator is proposed in this paper, which is made up of two parts: the adaptive full-order SMC and extended state observer (ESO). Switching gain adaption law is proposed for minimizing chattering as much as possible while ensuring the robustness of sliding mode control. The total disturbance is estimated by the ESO and through feedforward, thus improving the system anti-disturbance ability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed speed regulator has been validated in the test bench.
The effectiveness of a newly designed evaporative cooling short pants in decreasing physiological and perceptual heat strain under hot/dry laboratory conditions
Authors: Raisi Sina Malek , Dehghan Habibollah
Published: September 2022

Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of newly designed evaporative cooling short pants (ECSP) in decreasing physiological and perceptual heat strain under hot/dry laboratory conditions.
Methods: At the first, an evaporative cooling short pants was designed. Then, to evaluate this cooling garment, 12 healthy men participated in the test. The subjects performed the test at two stages, including test with regular pants and test with ECSP. During each stage, the physiological and perceptual parameters, including heart rate, local temperature in thighs, ear temperature, sweat rate, thermal sensation, sweat sensation, and thermal comfort, were measured every 5 minutes for 60 minutes.
Results: The results showed that use of the cooling short pants compared to regular pants could not significantly decrease the parameters of heart rate (P=0.547), ear temperature (P=0.487), sweat rate (P=0.368), local and general sweat sensation (P=0.632) and (P=0.368) respectively. However, use of this garment significantly decreased the mean value of local temperature in thighs by 3 °C (P=0.002), local and general thermal sensation of body by 1.4 (P=0.002) and 0.4 (P=0.006), respectively and increased the mean values of local and general thermal comfort by 1.2 (P=0.003) and 0.7 (P=0.002), respectively.
Conclusion: The results revealed that designed evaporative cooling short pants reduced local temperature in thighs and had positive effect on controlling the perceptual heat strain.
The Break-Fast study protocol: a single arm pre-post study to measure the effect of a protein-rich breakfast on autophagic flux in fasting healthy individuals
Authors: Bensalem Julien , Heilbronn Leonie K. , Gore Jemima R. , Hutchison Amy T. , Sargeant Timothy J. , Fourrier Célia
Published: September 2022

Background
Autophagy is a cellular process that cleanses cells and is particularly important during ageing. Autophagy has been extensively studied in vitro and in animal models and is known to be sensitive to nutrition. However, human data are limited because autophagic flux (autophagic degradative activity) has been challenging to measure in humans. This protocol paper describes the Break-Fast study, in which autophagic flux will be measured using a recently developed blood test, before and after ingestion of whey protein. This aims to determine whether an acute nutritional intervention can change autophagy in humans.
Methods
A minimum of forty healthy participants (both male and female) aged 20-50 years, BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 will be recruited into this single arm pre-post study. Participants will visit the clinic after an overnight fast for a first blood collection after which they will consume a whey protein-rich drink. A second blood collection will be performed 60 minutes after consumption of the drink. The primary outcome is the change in autophagic flux at 60 minutes post drink. Secondary outcomes include changes in blood glucose, autophagy-related proteins and mRNA, plasma hormones (e.g. insulin, C-peptide, adiponectin, GLP-1, GIP, ghrelin), cytokines, amino acids and lipids, protein synthesis, and correlation between molecular cell damage and autophagic flux.
Discussion
This study will provide information about whether autophagy responds to nutrients in humans, and if nutritional strategies could be used to treat or prevent autophagy-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease or cancer.
Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), anzctr.org.au ACTRN12621001029886. Registered on 5 August 2022.
Perceived Stress and Psychological Impact among practicing dentist in Bengaluru city during the COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Rahman SAFIA , Nanjundiah Vanishree , Venkatesh Chaithra
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Public health emergencies like the current pandemic Covid-19 affect the health, safety, and well-being of both individuals and communities with psychological implications. Hence this study intends to evaluate the patterns of perceived psychological stress as well as explore the factors associated with it using the validated Covid- 19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) among practicing dentists in Bengaluru city.
Methodology:
The survey used a pretested, self-reported COVID-19 Peritraumatic Stress Index (CPDI) questionnaire. It captures the details concerning anxiety, depression, phobias, cognitive change, avoidance and compulsive behaviour, physical symptoms, and loss of social functioning and collectively quantifies the stress on a scale of 0–100. A CPDI score of ≤ 27 indicated low or no stress, 28–51 indicated mild to moderate stress, and ≥ 52 indicated severe stress. A sample size of 300 was obtained and descriptive and inferential statistics were done using SSP software version 24.
Results:
A logistic regression analysis showed that the general practitioners had higher CPDI scores which indicated significantly increased stress (p = 0.000). Similarly, practitioners with work experience between 6-10years showed significantly increased signs of stress.
Conclusion:
Every practicing dentist had some form of stress as measured according to CPDI. This is an easy tool that can be used for screening for distress during the pandemic. The risk of contagion, fear or uncertainty of education, financial implications and future practice avenues may be the cause of acute stress.
Diaphragm function in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD): a pilot study
Authors: Bernardinello Nicol , Cocconcelli Elisabetta , Boscolo Annalisa , Castelli Gioele , Sella Nicolò , Giraudo Chiara , Zanatta Elisabetta , Rea Federico , Saetta Marina , Navalesi Paolo , Spagnolo Paolo , Balestro Elisabetta
Published: September 2022

Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) has been extensively used in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation while data on its role in outpatients with interstitial lung disease is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the diaphragmatic function, as assessed by ultrasound, in outpatients with Connective Tissue Disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF); in addition, we searched for relevant correlations between patients’ functional parameters and diaphragmatic function. Eighty-two subjects (41 CTD-ILD and 41 IPF) were prospectively enrolled while 15 healthy subjects served as controls. A portable ultrasound unit was used to measure, during quiet breathing, right diaphragm displacement (DD), right diaphragm inspiratory thickening (Ti), right expiratory thickening (Te), and right thickening fraction (TF) during follow-up visits. In patients with CTD-ILD, DD was lower compared with patients with IPF [1.4 (0.6–2.8) vs. 1.8 (0.9–2.6); p = 0.02] while (Ti) was significantly decreased in CTD-ILD patients compared with healthy subjects [0.17 (0.08–0.27) vs. 0.19 (0.12–0.24); p = 0.04]. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between TF and all functional parameters assessed [FVC%pred. (r = 0.45, p = 0.003), TLC%pred. (r = 0.42, p = 0.006), FEV1 (L) (r = 0.39, p = 0.01) and DLCO% (r = 0.48, p = 0.001)]. Considering the entire population, a TF < 30% was associated with moderate dyspnea (mMRC ≥ 2) in multivariate analysis (OR 4.02, 95%CI [1.04–15.52]; p = 0.04). In conclusion, in patients with CTD-ILD diaphragmatic function is impaired. Specifically, diaphragm displacement and inspiratory thickening are significantly decreased in patients with CTD-ILD compared with IPF patients and healthy subjects. In the entire patient population, TF was an independent predictor of dyspnea and positively correlated with functional impairment.
Generic Exact Combinatorial Search at HPC Scale
Authors: MacGregor Ruairidh , Archibald Blair , Trinder Phil
Published: September 2022

Exact combinatorial search is essential to a wide range of important applications, and there are many large problems that need to be solved quickly. Searches are extremely challenging to parallelise due to a combination of factors,e.g. searches are non-deterministic, dynamic pruning changes the workload, and search tasks have very different runtimes. YewPar is a C++/HPX framework that generalises parallel search by providing a range of sophisticated search skeletons.

This paper demonstrates generic high performance combinatorial search, i.e. that a variety of exact combinatorial searches can be easily parallelised for HPC using YewPar. We present a new mechanism for profiling key aspects of YewPar parallel combinatorial search, and demonstrate its value. We exhibit, for the first time, generic exact combinatorial searches at HPC scale. We baseline YewPar against state-of-the-art sequential C++ and C++/OpenMP implementations. We demonstrate that deploying YewPar on an HPC system can dramatically reduce the runtime of large problems, e.g. from days to just 100 seconds. The maximum relative speedups we achieve for an enumeration search are near-linear up to 195(6825) compute-nodes(workers), super-linear for an optimisation search on up to 128(4480) (pruning reduces the workload), and sub-linear for decision searches on up to 64(2240) compute-nodes(workers).
Assessing transmission patterns of flood-related waterborne diseases in two urban municipalities of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Kouamé Parfait K. , Dongo Kouassi , Fokou Gilbert , Apkatou Bertin , Ouattara Allassane F. , Bassirou Bonfoh
Published: September 2022

Flooding increases with climate variabilities and results in health risk factors in urban settings with poor sanitation infrastructure. Expert previsions highlight that by 2030, climate change and change in land-use will increase waterborne disease transmissions. However, there are few assessments of the indirect impacts of flooding, such as waterborne pathogens and zoonoses. This research aimed at assessing flooding-related disease transmission patterns in two municipalities (Abobo and Cocody) of Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire. The study applied a cross-sectional survey with 844 households. Overall, 200 samples of rainwater from flooded households and drainage streams were collected, followed by laboratory analyses. Giardia lamblia and Vibrio cholerae spp. concentrations were assessed using the Sodium Acetate Formalin (SAF) method and the most probable number (MPN) method, respectively. Blood and urine were sampled from 129 rodents captured in households, followed by a PCR analysis to detect Leptospira species. The results show no significant difference detected in household exposure to flooding associated with solid waste management. In flooded households, perceived malaria symptoms and diarrhoea are associated with education (OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.8, p = 0.001) and waste disposal (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.6, p = 0.001). There was no V. cholerae detected in the flood water. A total of 77 cyst/ml of Giardia lamblia were found in the flood water in Abobo. Three species of rodents were identified (Mus musculus, Crocidura, Rattus), and there is no Leptospira spp. detected in water, blood and urine. The presence of waterborne pathogens associated with flood water highlighted mainly faecal contamination risk. Further interventions should focus on sanitation that reduce faecal contamination.
Production Performance of GIFT Tilapia in Recirculating Aquaponics System with Red Amaranth
Authors: Rajasekar Veeramani , Tanveer Mohammad
Published: September 2022

The present study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerling and water quality in Media based aquaponics system (MBAS). The experiment consisted of treatment (MBAS) and control (non- MBAS) group in duplicate. The stocking density was 100 numbers per m3 (average body weight of 1.69 ± 0.08 g per fish) in each 0.5 m3 capacity of FRP tanks. Total Ammonia Nitrogen level in the MBAS treated group was lower (0.12 mg/L ± 0.01 to 0.32 mg/L ± 0.01) than non - MBAS due to the recirculation of water and effective breakdown of faecal matter by microbes. Average fish weight, average fish length, average daily weight gain, average daily length gain and specific growth rate were higher (14.51 g ± 0.11, 9.62 cm ± 0.05, 0.50 g ± 0.011, 0.13 cm ± 0.007and 3.96 g/day ± 0.091) in MBAS system than control. FCR was found to be higher in MBAS (2.31 ± 0.046), which fulfill the nutrient requirements for plants from the faecal breakdown. From the present study it is evident that MBAS can improve the quality of culture water and results in best growth of GIFT tilapia.
Resistome prevalence and diversity in Escherichia coli isolates of global wastewaters
Authors: Sudhakari Pavithra Anantharaman , Ramisetty Bhaskar Chandra Mohan
Published: September 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem driven by unregulated antibiotic use leading to the emergence of resistant strains; the “antibiotic paradox” where the cure is the cause of deadlier infections. AMR is fueled by wastewater mismanagement and global mobility, leading to the dissemination of AMRs and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains worldwide. We embarked on estimating the ‘invasion’ of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) into the normal flora of humans. We screened 300 local wastewater E. coli and sequenced eight isolates to study the genome diversity and resistome, which were then compared with the 529 globally isolated wastewater E. coli (genomes from the PATRIC database). Local wastewaters had 26% resistant and 59% plasmid-bearing E. coli. Global wastewater resistome majorly comprised ARGs against beta-lactam, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolone, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim. Resistance to colistin, a last-resort antibiotic, was prevalent in MDRs of European and South Asian isolates. Canada fared better in all the AMR parameters, likely due to effective AMR surveillance, antibiotic stewardship and wastewater disinfection, which could serve as a model for other regions. A systems approach is required to address the AMR crisis on a global scale, reduce antibiotic usage and increase the efficiency of wastewater management and disinfection.
Physics-informed loss function for a deep neural network for Poissonian noise reduction
Authors: Xypakis Emmanouil , De Turis Valeria , Gala Fabrizio , Ruocco Giancarlo , Leonetti Marco
Published: September 2022

We developed a physics-informed deep neural network architecture able to achieve signal to noise ratio improvements starting from low exposure noisy data. Our model is based on the nature of the photon detection process characterized by a Poisson probability distribution which we included in the training loss function. Our approach surpasses previous algorithms performance for microscopy data, moreover, the generality of the physical concepts employed here, makes it readily exportable to any imaging context
A recurring Mandibular Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Alaroomy Leena ali
Published: September 2022

Background: Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is an extremely rare odontogenic carcinoma that is typically characterized by admixture of atypical epithelial cells and ghost cells. Up to date, GCOC remains rare with around 50 cases have been reported. Herein we report a recurrent case of GCOC.
Case presentation: A 41-year-old male was suffering from a recurrent fleshy intra-oral swelling in the right mandible associated with pain, paresthesia and facial asymmetry. By history taking, the patient reported that he was subjected to two surgeries to remove tumors that arose in the same place twice previously, knowing that he was diagnosed in the first as adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) and in the second as calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT). After thorough investigations the patient underwent another surgery with right hemi-mandibulectomy. Histopathological evaluation of the specimen showed atypical epithelial cells, hyperchromatic and pleomorphic ameloblast-like epithelial strands, ghost cells and dentin-like material, indicating the diagnosis of GCOC.
Conclusions: GCOC is a rare but aggressive malignant tumor that has a diversity of histological features that may be misinterpreted with other benign calcifying odontogenic cysts and tumors. So, careful diagnosis and wide surgical resection with safety margins are mandatory to minimize its recurrence.
Initial ticagrelor monotherapy strategy is effective and safe in patient with high bleeding risk after percutaneous coronary intervention: series case reports and literature review
Authors: Cui Jianguo , Wu Xu , Jin Qinhua , Yang Xia , Qian Geng , Tian Feng , Sun Zhijun
Published: September 2022

Objective: Short-term duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) followed by ticagrelor monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among patients at high bleeding risk (HBR) was identified in numerous clinical trials, but the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy as an initial regimen was unknown. To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor monotherapy after PCI in patient at HBR.
Patients and methods: This were case series report at single center, unblinded without control group. A total of 12 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients at HBR between November 2020 and December 2021 were enrolled,17 newer generation drug-eluting stents (DES),2 drug-coated balloon (DCB) and 1 bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) were implanted. Ticagrelor monotherapy was prescribed as an initial antiplatelet strategy after PCI. Study endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and major bleeding events at 1-month to 1-year follow-up.
Results: During hospitalization and at the 1–3-month follow-up, there were no adverse clinical events, including ischemic or major bleeding events, in any of the patients. Six patients completed 1-year clinical event-free follow-up, 2 of them had well angiographic outcomes after PCI for one year.
Conclusions: Ticagrelor monotherapy as an initial antiplatelet therapy was safety and efficacy in these patients at HBR undergoing PCI. Further prospective studies and randomized clinical trials are warranted.
Emulsion-Based Liquid-Phase Microextraction Using Rhamnolipid Bioaggregates for Determination of Paracetamol in Human Urine Samples and Tablet Formulation Followed by HPLC Analysis
Authors: Haeri Seyed Ammar , Abbasi Shahryar , Naghipour Ali
Published: September 2022

This work describes a simple, sensitive, and environmentally friendly analytical technique for the determination of paracetamol in human urine samples and tablet formulation. The proposed technique for the extraction and enrichment of the paracetamol is based on the use of rhamnolipid biosurfactants in emulsion-based liquid-phase microextraction. The separation mechanism of paracetamol is based on the emulsion formation of the biosurfactant-rich phase. First, a bioemulsion solution (colloidal phase) was formed and then the analyte was isolated onto the non-aqueous phase. The second step consists of back extraction of the analyte into an aqueous acceptor phase. Finally, the aqueous acceptor phase was withdrawn using a microsyringe and injected into a liquid chromatography instrument for quantitative analysis. The ability of rhamnolipid biosurfactants to form a stable colloidal phase with regions of different polarities can lead to extraction analyte using Van der Waals interactions. Owing to the biodegradability of the rhamnolipid biosurfactants, the proposed technique is environmentally friendly because it has led to the omission of chemical surfactants. Several influencer factors on extraction efficiency including the amount of rhamnolipid biosurfactant, methanol volume, pH, extraction time, ionic strength, and centrifugation time were investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the enrichment factor for the paracetamol was 160. Also, good linearity was obtained in the range 34–100 µg L− 1, with coefficients of determination (r2) ˃ 0.993.
Safety and prognosis of repeated vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures
Authors: ZOU Kai , Qiu Yongxiang , Jin Xiaobo , Zhou Yi , Ming Hong , Li Nianyu , Chen Rigao
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The number of patients with re-fracture after vertebral augmentation has gradually increased. Usually, these patients are re-treated with vertebral augmentation, but less attention has been paid to the safety and prognosis of repeated and multi-level treatment with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP). This study aims to retrospectively analyze the safety and prognosis of repeated PVP in the treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs), and to further analyze the factors affecting their prognosis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 61 patients with re-fractures after vertebral augmentation who received PVP treatment again from January 2019 to December 2021. The patients were divided into pain group and pain-free group according to their back pain status at last follow-up. The following covariates were reviewed: Age, bone mineral density(BMD), bone cement dosage, bone cement leakage, body mass index (BMI); and the rate of anterior vertebral height(AVH) loss in the target before surgery, 1 week after surgery and at last follow-up. The patients were assessed using Visual analogue scale score (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
Results
A total of 61 patients were included, 17 in the pain group and 44 in the pain-free group. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed the rate of AVH loss at 1 week postoperatively and last follow-up was associated with postoperative back pain. According to the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curvature(AUC) of the AVH loss rate at 1 week after operation was 0.6845, and the cut-off value was 0.18; the AUC of the AVH loss rate at the last follow-up was 0.7306, and the cut-off value was 0.2815. Further Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with lower AVH loss rates had lower incidence of postoperative back pain and better prognosis.
Conclusion
PVP is safe and effective in the short term for patients with re-fracture after vertebral augmentation. Postoperative back pain was strongly associated with AVH loss at 1 week postoperatively and at last follow-up. Patients with a lower rate of AVH loss had a lower incidence of postoperative back pain and a better prognosis.
An accurate numerical method and its analysis for time-fractional Fisher’s equation
Authors: Roul Pradip , Rohil Vikas
Published: September 2022

This article aims at developing an optimal superconvergent numerical method for approximating the solution of nonlinear time-fractional generalized Fisher’s (TFGF) equation. The time-fractional derivative in the model problem is considered in the sense of Caputo and it is approximated by means of L2−1 σ scheme. The spatial discretization is done by means of an optimal superconvergent quintic B-spline (OSQB) technique. In order to derive the method, a high order perturbation of the semi-discretized equation of the original problem is generated by using spline alternate relations. Convergence and stability of the method are analyzed. It is proved that the method converges with O(∆t 2 + ∆x 6), where ∆x and ∆t are step sizes in space and time, respectively. Three illustrative applications are provided to show the robustness of proposed method. Our method is compared with the existing methods in the literature. The elapsed computational time for the present scheme is provided.
Hyperlocal US PM2.5 Trace Elements Super-learned
Authors: Amini Heresh , Danesh-Yazdi Mahdieh , Di Qian , Requia Weeberb , Wei Yaguang , Abu-Awad Yara , Shi Liuhua , Franklin Meredith , Kang Choong-Min , Wolfson Jack , James Peter , Habre Rima , Zhu Qiao , Apte Joshua , Andersen Zorana , Xing Xiaoshi , Hultquist Carolynne , kloog Itai , Dominici Francesca , Koutrakis Petros , Schwartz Joel
Published: September 2022

Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is a multi-million human silent killer worldwide and contains numerous trace elements (TEs). Understanding TEs relative toxicity is largely limited by lack of data. Here, we used ensembles of machine learning models to generate ~163 billion predictions estimating annual means of ten TEs, namely bromine, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, nickel, lead, silicon, vanadium, and zinc across 3,535 contiguous US urban areas at 50-m spatial resolution and at 1-km in non-urban areas from 2000-2019. Our results highlight substantial intra-urban and inter-urban variations, shrinkages, stagnations, or expansions of hotspots, and trends across 20 years. These data open avenues for future research from epidemiological studies to environmental justice analyses and more.
Artificial-intelligence-based antivirus specialized in Citadel malwarepattern recognition
Authors: Santos Carlos Henrique Macedo dos , de Lima Sidney Marlon Lopes
Published: September 2022

Background and Objective: The constant growth of invasions and information theft by using infected software has always beena problem. According to McAfee labs in 2020, on average, 480 new viruses are created each hour.The means of identifying such threats, categorizing and creating vaccines may not be that fast. Thanksto the increasing processing power and the popularity of artificial intelligence, it is now possible tointegrate intelligence on an antivirus engine to enhance its protecting capabilities. And doing so withgood algorithms and parameterization can be a key asset in securing one’s environment. In this workwe analyze the overall performance of our authorial antivirus and compare it with other state-of-artantiviruses. The means of identifying such threats, categorizing and creating vaccines may not be that fast.Thanks to the increasing processing power of computers and the popularity of artificial intelligence,it is now possible to integrate intelligence on an antivirus engine to enhance its protecting capabili-ties. And doing so with good algorithms and parameterization can be a key asset in securing one’senvironment. In this work we are analyzing the overall performance of our authorial antivirus andcomparing it with other state-of-art antiviruses.
Methods: In this work we are using mELM, a deep neural network which can perform quicktraining sections and have a satisfactory accuracy when classifying unknown files that may or maynot be infected with Citadel. Our virus database is built with many examples of well-known infectedfiles and our results are compared with 7 other intelligent antiviruses created by other authors.
Results: Our antivirus achieves an overall performance of 91.33% when classifying benign andmalware PE (portable executable) programs. Different initial conditions, learning functions and ar-chitectures of our antivirus are investigated in order to maximize their accuracy.
Conclusions: In this work we have found that mELMs implementations are feasible and its per-formance can match state-of-art implementations. Its training and classification time is among thesmallest found and the accuracy when detecting citadel-infected PEs is acceptable.
The effect of power plant fuel change on the air pollution (SO2 and NOX ) of surrounding areas: A passive measurement method and health risk assessment
Authors: Fouladi-Fard Reza , Naddafi Kazem , Hosseini Mohammad Raza , Yunesian Masud , Nodehi Ramin Nabizadeh , Dehghani Mohammad Hadi , Hassanvand Mohammad Sadegh , Dehabadi Monireh , Fiore Maria , Rahimi Nayereh Rezaei
Published: September 2022

Background
This study aimed to measure the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) and their relationship with the variables of changing seasons and fuel consumption for Qom Combined Cycle Power Plant in three stations around the power plant from December 2014 to May 2015.
Methods
In this study, passive sampling was employed in three monitoring sites around the power plant, namely, Pardisan, Mahdiyeh, and Sagheh stations and health risks were assessed for non-carcinogenic effects of exposure to SO2 and NOX via the inhalation route.
Results
Results showed that the maximum mean concentration values of NOX in winter (when power plants used gasoil) and spring (when power plants used gas fuel) were 52.70 ± 21.70/52.70 ± 13.20 and 22.10 ± 7.00 µg/m3, which were related to Mahdiyeh/Pardisan and Pardisan stations, respectively. In addition, the maximum mean concentration values of SO2 in winter and spring were 5.00 ± 0.20 and 3.90 ± 0.70µg/m3, both for the Mahdiyeh station. Results showed moderately significant correlation between NOx and SO2 concentration values when the power plant consumed gasoil (Spearman rho coefficient 0.68, p < 0.05). Furthermore, significant correlation was observed between gaseous concentration values and the change in power plant fuel type (p < 0.05). The SO2 Hazard quotients (HQ) values for all age groups were less than 1.00. But the NOx HQ values for less than 2 years old (Infants) and 2–6 years old (Children) were more than 1.00 and for other groups were less than 1.0. Furthermore, the Hazard index (HI) calculation showed that HI for NOx was 3.65, which were > 1, showing an unacceptable chance to human health.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the use of gasoil by power plants will remarkably increase the emission of pollutants and consequently the concentration of the pollutants in surrounding areas, thereby increasing the health risk for residents of these regions particularly for children which shows the importance of clean fuel supply and the use of emission control technology in the power plant.
Nickel Recovery Optimization and Kinetic Study from Morowali Laterite Ore
Authors: Prameswara Gyan , Tyassena Flaviana Yohanala Prista , Pasaribu Monita , Trisnawati Iga , Petrus Himawan Tri Bayu Murti
Published: September 2022

Today, nickel plays a critical role in the industry. However, the presence of this metal in its primary source of sulfide minerals is decreasing. The focus of exploration has since turned to laterite ore, which contains up to 80% nickel metal. The purpose of this study is to optimize nickel leaching using sulfuric acid and to conduct kinetic analysis to discover the mechanism that best controls the leaching process. To optimize operating conditions, the response surface method (RSM) with box behnken design is used. The shrinking core model and the Zhuravlev, Leshokin, and Templeman (ZLT) model were used to assess the kinetics of the nickel leaching process. Mineral characterization was also performed to gain a better understanding of the sample's characteristics. At 2 M sulfuric acid, 10% S/L ratio, and 90 oC, the highest nickel recovery of 85% was observed. The obtained apparent activation energy is 32.78 kJ/mol.
Performance Barriers in relation with Professional Development of Graduate Architects in Construction Industry: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: TIEW SI YEE , HASHIM Ar HELENA AMAN , ZOLKAFLI UMI KALSUM
Published: September 2022

Graduate architects are first mate in architectural practice when handling building construction projects. They had been authorized to run projects in construction industry due to limited architects in the country. The capability of graduate architect when manage project is critical in reducing performance barriers encountered. The aim of this paper is to identify the most critical performance barriers faced by graduate architects during project implementation. A systematic literature review of credible sources in different databases, combining selected keywords and terms related to performance barrier, building contract administration, graduate architects etc. has been carried out. A data set of fifty articles has been analyzed by means of thematic analysis. The five most crucial performance barriers identified relate to: caused by external environment factors, poor project documentation management, lack of soft skill, inadequate knowledge of quality and assessment management and shortfall in design management. The outcome of the study is expected to facilitate graduate architects to devise proactive risk mitigation measures to reduce impact of these barriers and improve project delivery. This paper examined the performance barriers faced by graduate architects which is a timely study, as the increasing number of population and developments will provide ample opportunities for them to perform.
Effect of Commissural Calcification on Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty
Authors: Mazaherinia Homa , Hamidabad Negin Mahmoudi , Rostambeigi Saman , Kelsey Anita M. , Alizadehasl Azin , Sadeghpour Anita , Harandi Seyed Taha Hosseini , Farnoud Khashayar , Panahi Parsa
Published: September 2022

Background Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) is a safe and widely used treatment in patients with symptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis. This study aimed to evaluate short-term and mid-term outcomes of PMV in patients with severe mitral stenosis and the effect of commissural calcifications on the outcomes.
Methods Medical records of 961 patients after PMV were reviewed. All patients were evaluated using transthoracic echocardiography before and after 24 hours. Patients were divided into three subgroups based on their Wilkins score (group I: score ≤8, group II: score 9-10, and group III: score 11-12). Also, patients were divided into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of commissural calcification. Patients were evaluated before PMV, 24 hours after the procedure and were followed for 6 and 24 months to evaluate the short-term and mid-term outcomes. The echocardiographic measures (mitral valve area, indexed mitral valve index, mitral valve mean gradient, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure) were compared after PMV, and at 6 months and 24 month follow-ups. Main clinical outcomes (moderate and severe mitral regurgitation and restenosis) were compared between patients with and without commissural calcifications.
Results:Mean age of the patients was 46.6 ± 12.2, and 81.7 % of patients (n=785) were females. Groups I, II, and III (based on Wilkins score) consisted of 353 (36.7%), 559 (58.1%), and 49 (5%) patients, respectively. Mitral valve area (MVA) and indexed MVA increased significantly in all three groups; in both short-term and mid-term follow-ups (p<0.0001). The rate of mitral valve restenosis was significantly higher in groups II and III compared to group I (P=0.0001), but the rate of significant mitral regurgitation (MR) (defined as >moderate MR) did not differ statistically between the three groups. Commissural calcification was present in 190 patients (19.77%). Restenosis was significantly higher in the presence of commissural calcification (p<0.0001). Also, the occurrence of significant MR was significantly higher in patients with commissural calcification (P=0.03).
Conclusion Both Wilkins score and presence of commissural calcification are associated with a higher incidence of mitral valve restenosis. While there is no strong association between higher Wilkins scores and higher rates of significant mitral regurgitation, commissural calcification is associated with a higher rate of severe mitral regurgitation.
Biosynthesis MgO and ZnO nanoparticles using chitosan extracted from Pimelia Payraudi Latreille for antibacterial applications
Authors: Amor Ilham Ben , Hemmami Hadia , Laouini Salah Eddine , Temam Hachemi Ben , Zaoui Hamza , Barhoum Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Chitosan (CS) is one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature, with superior properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, lack of toxicity, antimicrobial activity, acceleration of wound healing, and stimulation of the immune system. In this study, chitosan was extracted from the exoskeletons of the beetle (Pimelia Payraudi Latreille) and then used for the biosynthesis of MgO NPs and ZnO NPs. The extracted chitosan exhibited excellent physicochemical properties, including high extraction yield (39%), high degree of deacetylation (90%), low ash content (1%), high fat-binding capacity (366%), and odd crystallinity index (51%). The MgO NPs and ZnO NPs exhibited spherical morphology with crystallite sizes of 17 nm and 29 nm, particle sizes of about 20-70 nm and 30-60 nm, and bandgap energy of 4.43 and 3.34 eV, respectively. Antibacterial assays showed that the extracted chitosan showed high antibacterial activity against Gram-(+/-) bacteria, while ZnO NPs showed much stronger antibacterial activity against Gram-(+) bacteria than against Gram(-) bacteria. For MgO NPs, the antibacterial activity against Gram-(+) bacteria was lower than that against Gram-(-) bacteria. The results suggest that the synthesized MgO NPs and ZnO NPs are excellent antibacterial agents for therapeutic applications.
Research progress on the mechanism of interleukin-1β on epiphyseal plate chondrocytes
Authors: Tong Ziyuan , Yang Xu , Li Jianjun
Published: September 2022

Epiphyses plate injury is one of the common problems in pediatric orthopedic surgeons. Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)-mediated inflammatory response is a major concern after clinical treatment of fractures and is bivalent in the growth and development of the epiphyses plate. As an extremely important inflammatory factor, IL-1β participates in the pathological development of a variety of bone and joint diseases by deeply affecting the molecular transcription level of chondrocytes and endocrine metabolism, and currently, there are few studies on epiphyses plate chondrocytes. Therefore, this review aims to illustrate the mechanism of IL-1β on chondrocytes and epiphyses plate chondrocytes, to shed light on theoretical grounds for clinical treatment and profound research of children epiphyses plate injury in the future.