DYNAMICS in MORTALITY FROM MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION over A 10-YEAR PERIOD IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT AND THE KALININGRAD REGION, 2012 - 2021
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia, Bogachev Robert , Mikhailova Larisa ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia, Shcherbanev Kirill ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia, Yunusova Fatima ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
Published: September 2023

Significance. Among cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction is the most frequent cause of death in the majority of regions of the Russian Federation. Regional peculiarities of the cardiovascular condition development and clinical course have high impact on many aspects of its diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of the study: to determine patterns of mortality from myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation, the Northwestern Federal District and the Kaliningrad region in the period from 2012 to 2021. Material and methods. Mortality rates from myocardial infraction in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District over a 10-year period (2012 -2021) were analyzed and calculated based on data of the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System of the Russian Federation. Data calculations and graphical analysis were performed using the Microsoft Excel package of application programs. Results. The study has undertaken a comparative analysis of statistical indicators of myocardial infarction mortality in Russia as a whole and in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District, including the Kaliningrad region. Over ten years, from 2012 to 2021, the Russian Federation saw a stable reduction in the myocardial infarction mortality rates from 47.1 cases per 100 000 population in 2012 to 38.27 cases per 100 000 population in 2021. On average, mortality from myocardial infarction in the Northwestern Federal District is higher than in Russia as a whole during the period under study, there was a steady decline from 57.6 in 2012 to 42.48 per 100 000 population in 2021. Among the Northwestern Federal District regions, the highest mortality rate was registered in the Pskov region: on average, 58.32 per 100 000 population and in St. Petersburg: on average, 54.64 per 100 000 population over 10 years, while the lowest one - in the Kaliningrad region: on average, 25.38 per 100 000 population. In the Kaliningrad region, as well as in the whole Russian Federation, there is an increase in mortality from myocardial infarction registered in 2021, which is probably due to the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion. Since a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases and high mortality from myocardial infarction are mainly due to a low patient awareness, it is necessary to implement regional programs aimed at increasing public awareness of risk factors and symptoms of cardiovascular diseases, as well as long-term follow-up programs for acute coronary syndrome survivors. Scope of application. Comparative aspects of statistical indicators of mortality from myocardial infarction reflect effectiveness of primary and secondary prevention measures in patients with coronary atherosclerosis carried out in regional health care institutions and will contribute to better planning and implementation of regional programs aimed at reducing mortality from cardiovascular complications