bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La enfermería escolar
Authors: Lapeira Panneflex Patricia , De la Cruz Pabón Sheris María , Acosta Salazar Diana
Published: February 2025

La Enfermería Escolar es una guía que invita a descubrir el importante papel de la enfermería en el ámbito educativo, donde la salud de los estudiantes está directamente relacionada con su bienestar y desarrollo académico. A través de experiencias reales y prácticas, este libro explora las múltiples facetas de la enfermera escolar, desde la atención de primeros auxilios hasta la creación de entornos seguros y saludables que promuevan la salud y el aprendizaje. De este modo, la enfermera escolar se convierte en un recurso esencial para personas e instituciones interesadas en comprender el impacto de la salud en la vida escolar
Sergeia vuoksi sp. n. (Kinetoplastea, Trypanosomatidae), a new monoxenic trypanosomatid from Malpighian tubules of the fly Meiosimyza platycephala (Diptera, Lauxaniidae): morphology and phylogeny
Authors:   Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, N. Malysheva Marina , I. Ganyukova Anna ,   Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, O. Frolov Alexander ,   Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

A new species of parasitic flagellates belonging to the genus Sergeia is described.
Sergeia vuoksi sp. n. isolate LP59 was obtained from Malpighian tubules of the fly
Meiosimyza platycephala (Loew, 1847) in the Northwestern Russia. On the phylogenetic
tree, the new species clusters within the genus Sergeia, occupying a close position
to Trypanosomatidae sp. “strain EVA”, previously isolated in Venezuela. The
morphological and ultrastructural features of the flagellate are described. The unusual
structure of the distal part of the flagellum in the new species is reported.
PUBLIC LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Penza State University, V. Romanovskaya Olga
Published: February 2025

Background. The digital transformation of communications, affecting all aspects of public life, gives rise to various phenomena, including an updated economic model, which is known as the digital economy. The transformations taking place recently require effective legal support. At the same time, the features of functioning of the Internet determine the search for new approaches and methods of state regulation. The main aim is to define the concept of the digital economy, its key elements that require legal registration and formalization. The key task is to highlight the features of social relations that arise in cyberspace regarding economic exchange. Materials and methods. The empirical basis of the study consists of various monitoring studies on the state of the digital economy, analytical reports, and strategies for the development of the digital economy. A comparative legal method of regulation is used, which enables analyzing the practices of regulating the digital economy in the Republic of India and the People’s Republic of China. Results. The article presents the development of the concept of the digital economy, during which the approaches to legal regulation of relations in the online space have changed. The features of the platform economy are highlighted along with the regulatory capabilities of the Internet industry giants, which largely replace the functions of national legal systems. The response of the states to the policies pursued by transnational corporations was the emergence of the concept of digital sovereignty. Conclusions. The digital economy has an impact on all spheres of public life, going far beyond the interests of the national economy. The large-scale projected transformation has entailed the emergence of a number of new concepts: state as a platform; digital sovereignty; sharing economy; control architecture; service state; digital state; platform business; e-government.
MODERN CONDITIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE CONSTITUTIONAL DUTIES OF THE STATE
Authors:   Penza State University, V. Ruzaeva Daria
Published: February 2025

Background. The world economy is currently going through the process of establishing a new type of industrial production, characterized by a greater degree of automation and digitalization, affecting the public life, as well as the mechanism of government activity. In this context, the state represented by the legislative bodies should give a timely legal response in order to maintain the pace of equitable development and to prevent legal gaps regarding specific social relations. At that, the state should consider how ongoing global processes can affect the interests of the citizens, since the key task of the state is to protect human and civil rights and freedoms. In this connection, the study of implementing and fulfilling the constitutional duties of the state, as the most fundamental ones, becomes highly relevant. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, scientific materials devoted to the “industrial revolution of the 21st century” are studied; political and economic trends and currently ongoing administrative reform of the 2020s are analyzed through using the interdisciplinary methods. The methodological basis of the study also includes such methods as materialistic, historical legal, systemic legal, comparative legal, etc. Results. As part of the study, the reasons for examining the modern process of implementing the constitutional duties of the state are substantiated, and areas to which special attention should be paid are highlighted. A definition of “model for fulfilling the constitutional responsibilities of the state” is formulated and two of its varieties are identified and considered. Conclusions. The article shows the need for a more in-depth study into the current activity of the state with regard to the rapid pace of global development. To ensure public order and security, to protect the interests of its citizens, law-making is required to provide a timely legal response to regulate new social relations. Despite the fact that the trend for joint activity of public-private entities in implementing state powers and duties is a global practice, in the Russian Federation this instrument is historically new, so it should be closely monitored.
Rare Unicentric Intrapulmonary Castleman Disease: A Systematic Review and Report of a Case
Authors: Pannu Manjinder Kaur , Ehrsam Jonas Peter , Adamenko Olga Meier , Inci Ilhan , Schöb Othmar Markus
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Castleman disease (CD) is a very rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder marked by the abnormal enlargement of lymph node tissue. It can present as either unicentric (UCD) or multicentric, with the former often appearing in intrathoracic regions, although its presence within the lungs is uncommon.

Methods

We report the case of a 42-year-old woman who underwent resection of an 11 cm intrapulmonary UCD. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review of the demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment approaches for intrapulmonary UCD.

Results

Our review identified 35 documented cases of intrapulmonary UCD, including our case. The average age was 34 years, with a female predominance of 57.7%. Tumor sizes ranged from 1.5 to 11 cm, with our case being the largest. Of the 24 cases with reported anamnesis, 58.3% were asymptomatic, while 41.7% had nonspecific symptoms such as cough, chest pain, or fever (as in our case). Histological analysis was available for 24 cases, with 83.3% identified as the hyaline vascular type. Biopsies through small needle aspiration or fresh-frozen samples failed in all attempts, requiring resection for diagnosis and treatment. Due to high vascularity, delicate location, and lack of diagnosis, lobectomy or pneumonectomy was performed in 45.7% of cases. Among the 11 cases with reported follow-up, no disease recurrence was observed over an average of 3 years.

Conclusion

Our systematic review highlights the rarity of UCD in the lungs. The demographics of intrapulmonary UCD align with the general disease profile. Surgical removal is crucial for both diagnosis and treatment. The significant vascularity and pulmonary location of these tumors present challenges, requiring pre-operative awareness and precautions.
“My Cry as an Orphaned Child Living in a Child-headed Household”: A Case of a Rural Community in a Bosheka Village, South Africa
Authors: Tshivhase Shonisani , Ntsieni Mashau , Diphofa Kabelo
Published: February 2025

Background

Child-headed households are homes where parents or guardians are absent, and the children support each other, with the eldest child usually becoming the head of the household. The care of children within African societies often extends beyond just the parents. The extended family plays a crucial role in the upbringing and support of children. It is, therefore, assumed that the extended family and the community would take turns caring for orphaned children; however, sometimes, that is not the case.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the challenges faced by orphaned children living in child-headed households in a selected village in South Africa.

Methodology

The study adopted a qualitative approach using an exploratory phenomenological design. The sample size was comprised of 20 participants, which was determined by data saturation, and a thematic data analysis was performed on the collected data.

Results

Three themes emerged from the data: food insecurity, sexual abuse, and the responsibility of staying alone; hence, children who live in child-headed households face different psychological and socio-economic challenges.

Conclusion

The study found that child-headed families experience various challenges, such as psychosocial needs and lack of financial support. The study recommends that a longitudinal study should be conducted on these children to explore the impact of growing up without parental care on their adult lives.
Pensamiento estratégico y relaciones internacionales en la construcción de una gran estrategia
Authors: Cardona-Orozco Andrés Felipe , Erazo-Patiño Lorena Andrea
Published: February 2025

El presente capítulo analiza la relación entre pensamiento estratégico y relaciones internacionales, en lo referente a la construcción de una gran estrategia. Para ello, el capítulo desarrolla una revisión del concepto estrategia y de los elementos relevantes del pensamiento estratégico. Seguidamente, hace una revisión del término relaciones internacionales, profundizando en los paradigmas de estudio de la disciplina, para finalizar con el análisis sobre la relación entre estos elementos en la construcción de estrategias y de la gran estrategia.
Pensamiento y cultura estratégica en seguridad y defensa en la República Argentina
Authors: Aguirre Carlos Leonardo , Álvarez Calderón Carlos Enrique
Published: February 2025

Este capítulo analiza el desarrollo e impacto del pensamiento estratégico de seguridad y defensa nacional en la República Argentina. Para ello, desarrolla tres ejes temáticos fundamentales: las conceptualizaciones referidas a defensa, seguridad interior y posibles amenazas, así como cultura estratégica y seguridad interior en la Argentina. El segundo eje aborda el impacto y desarrollo de aquellas amenazas que puedan afectar el crecimiento del país, y el tercer eje, examina la proyección estratégica de Argentina en el marco regional e internacional. Finalmente, se arriba a unas breves conclusiones relacionadas con la temática del capítulo para poner de manifiesto el papel de la República Argentina en la cultura estratégica de seguridad y defensa en el marco regional.
República Democrática Federal de Etiopía: la estrategia del milagro económico africano
Authors: Matiz Rojas Andrés Hernando
Published: February 2025

La República Democrática Federal de Etiopía está catalogada como uno de los milagros del continente africano y se proyecta como la primera economía africana. Este país ha pasado por conflictos armados internacionales y no internacionales. Está hoy en conflicto con la región del Tigrey, la cual tiene el nombre de la etnia con más poder en el país, ya que gobernó desde 1991 hasta 2018; este conflicto amenaza la estabilidad de la región. En su estrategia para ser un actor estratégico en el continente africano, la República Democrática Federal de Etiopía ha sabido utilizar los diferentes tipos de poder (hard power, soft power, smart power). El smart power le ayuda a controlar, según la ONU, la economía, la seguridad y la soberanía alimentaria de otras naciones.
Gran estrategia de Ucrania: retos a la soberanía y consolidación del Estado
Authors: Erazo-Patiño Lorena  Andrea
Published: February 2025

Este capítulo aborda las características de la gran estrategia de Ucrania a partir de la identificación de los elementos de la ecuación estratégica planteada por Sánchez-Hurtado, mediante un enfoque holístico de la investigación y la aplicación de un diseño transeccional, contemporáneo, invariable y documental. Se identifican así los elementos de planeación estratégica de Ucrania de cara a la invasión Rusa en su territorio, perpetuada en febrero de 2022.
Fuzzy models for assessing the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system in engineering and technical personnel
Authors: Korenevsky N. A. , Safronov R. I. , Lukash O. Y. , Rodionova S. N. , Siplivy G. V. , Aksеnov V. V.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to develop a method for assessing the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system, which allows improving the quality of decisions made in the tasks of forecasting and diagnosing diseases characteristic of engineering and technical personnel.

Methods. It is shown that the adaptive potential is a fuzzy variable described in the framework of the classical theory of fuzzy logic. Within the framework of this methodology, for the synthesis of decisive rules for assessing the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system, normalizing functions of the level of adaptation are introduced for indicators selected from a set of test methods describing the state of the system under study, which are aggregated into the desired hybrid fuzzy model. Considering that engineering work is often accompanied by a high level of psychoemotional stress and mental fatigue, a device for monitoring the functions of attention and memory was chosen to assess the state of the central nervous system, which allows forming the volume of initial data necessary to solve the tasks.

Results. In the course of the conducted research, to synthesize the decisive rules for assessing the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system, taking into account the specifics of the work of engineering and technical workers, a set of informative signs was formed consisting of the level of personal and situational anxiety, concentration of attention and an indicator characterizing the state of RAM blocks, calculated by the method of determining the missing digit. For this set of indicators, the corresponding normalizing functions of the level of adaptation were obtained, the aggregation of which gives the desired fuzzy mathematical model for assessing the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system.

Conclusion. In the course of the conducted research, a method for assessing the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system was developed and a corresponding fuzzy model for assessing the level of this potential was obtained, focusing on the peculiarities of the work of engineering and technical workers. During the expert assessment and mathematical modeling, it was shown that the confidence in the correct assessment of the level of adaptive potential of the central nervous system exceeds 0.9.
Models and algorithms for the formation of commanding influences of the control system of the rehabilitation exoskeleton two-link foot
Authors: Jatsun S. F. , Kislyak L. B. , Saveleva E. V. , Fursov G. А.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to develop a mathematical model of a two-link active foot of a rehabilitation exoskeleton for the lower extremities and to obtain data for generating the setting effects on the device drives.

Methods. The article discusses a method for creating reference actions for the drive control system of a two-link foot of a rehabilitation exoskeleton. This device is designed for complex mechanical processing of the ankle joint in order to restore its mobility and bring movements closer to a natural gait. For this purpose, the video trajectory capture method is used in the framework of the experiment, which creates trajectories of movement of characteristic points of the foot taking into account the gait parameters and anthropometry of the patient. When processing the data, a 5th-order Fourier series is used, which allows approximating the obtained experimental trajectories with a given accuracy and ensuring their smoothness.

Results. The work established that the mathematical model of a two-link foot allows analyzing and predicting the movement of the robot's foot in various rehabilitation modes. The model takes into account control and disturbance effects, as well as parameters such as mass, moment of inertia, step length, leg lift height, and other characteristics. The results of mathematical modeling allow synthesizing the robot's drive system - a set of mechanisms that transmit movement from the engine to the foot links. This will help ensure reliable and efficient operation of the device. In addition, the modeling results will be used to design the main structural elements of the robot, such as hinges, fasteners, shock absorbers, etc.

Conclusion. The results of mathematical modeling allow us to calculate the robot's drive system - a set of mechanisms that transmit movement from the engine to the foot links. This will help ensure reliable and efficient operation of the device. In addition, the modeling results will be used to design the main structural elements of the robot, such as hinges, fasteners, shock absorbers, etc. This will allow us to create a durable and long-lasting device that can perform its functions in various operating conditions.
The use of EMG to assess the effectiveness and safety of an industrial exoskeleton in the workplace
Authors: Yatsun A. S. , Shcherbakova M. P. , Malchikov A. V.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research the work is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of an industrial exoskeleton using EMG in the conditions of modeling labor activity.

Methods. Guided by GOST R 60.5.3.3-2023 and the national standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 60.5.2.1- 2023, a non-invasive technique for the general assessment of the human cardiorespiratory system, electromyography as a key way to assess the bioelectric activity of muscles, as well as conducting interviews with research participants were used.

Results. The data obtained as a result of the study using the selected methods showed significant differences between the registered values of the indicators of volunteers who worked without PE and with its use.

The following results were obtained: during load transfer, the activity of the elbow flexor of the wrist when using IE decreased by an average of 41%, biceps – by 21%; during load retention, the activity of the elbow flexor of the wrist when using IE decreased by an average of 42%, biceps – by 52%.

Endurance experiments showed a 52-42% decrease in muscle activity when using IE, which positively affects the duration of comfortable work, which increased by an average of 2.5 times.

Also, the general physiological condition of the volunteers (pulse, pressure, saturation) when using IE was closer to the standards than without

According to the responses of the volunteers, everyone noticed a slight difference in favor of using IE.

IE's help is especially noticeable after a number of completed approaches.

Conclusion. A study conducted within the framework of the work to determine the effectiveness and safety of the use of PE in the course of work, including to offset the harm from stereotypical work movements, showed a decrease in the activity of the measured muscles when using PE, which also indicates a decrease in human fatigue, which increases the efficiency of his work.
Decoding forward error correction code in a priori uncertainty
Authors: Dvilyanskiy A. A. , Yurlov A. V.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to increase the efficiency of decoding noise–resistant block codes in conditions of a priori uncertainty about the parameters used.

Methods. In modern systems, the use of noise-resistant block codes with a large codeword length is noted, which allows the permitted code combinations to be sufficiently far apart from each other during encoding and to obtain, during iterative decoding, the possibility of their correct determination at low values of the signal-to-noise ratio in the communication channel. The use of long noise-tolerant codes requires a reduction in the complexity of error correction algorithms, which is estimated by the number of operations of various types per decoding iteration. The number of operations of various types will depend on the parameters of the code and the verification matrix, as well as the decoding algorithm used. The practical implementation of the decoder has a number of limitations, and its design is a difficult task, especially in conditions of a priori uncertainty about the applied code parameters. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the method of determining the applied LBC verification matrix based on the analysis of the received digital sequence.

Results. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of known methods for determining the parameters of an interference-resistant block code was carried out and a modification of the Gauss method was proposed to solve a system of linear algebraic equations when finding the LBC verification matrix.

Conclusion. The proposed method avoids performing a strict sequence of actions according to the well-known Gauss method, as well as reducing time complexity by paralleling calculations and significantly increasing the efficiency of practical implementation of the algorithm for finding the LBC verification matrix.
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of telehealth-supported home oxygen therapy on adherence, hospital readmission, and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Preprint)
Authors: Hu Cuirong , Liao Xinqi , Fang Yi , Zhu Shu , Lan Xia , Cheng Guilan
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Tele-monitoring and management play a crucial role in optimizing home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. As the use of tele-monitoring to improve adherence, reduce hospital readmissions, and enhance health-related quality of life grows, existing evidence remains inconsistent and warrants further examination.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of telehealth-supported home oxygen therapy on adherence, hospital readmission, and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

METHODS

A comprehensive search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) through October 1, 2024. Meta-analysis and heterogeneity testing were performed using R software, and standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess intervention effects.

RESULTS

Seven studies, involving 1,230 patients, were included in the analysis. Telehealth-supported home oxygen therapy significantly reduced hospital readmissions (SMD: −0.40, 95% CI: [−0.60, −0.21]) and improved health-related quality of life (SMD: 0.44, 95% CI: [0.15, 0.72]). However, it did not have a significant impact on therapy adherence (SMD: 0.19, 95% CI: [−0.76, 1.14]). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results for hospital readmission. Additionally, three economic studies indicated that while telehealth interventions may involve higher initial costs, they are likely to lead to long-term savings by reducing hospital admissions.

CONCLUSIONS

Telehealth-supported home oxygen therapy significantly reduces hospital admissions and improves health-related quality of life among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, it does not significantly enhance adherence. Tailored interventions, designed to address patient demographics, combined with supportive policies, could further improve outcomes. Future studies should incorporate economic evaluations to guide policy decisions regarding the implementation of telehealth-supported home oxygen therapy.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42024598539
Youth and Nicotine Pouches: The concerning new trend examined through TikTok (Preprint)
Authors: Mand Ashmeet , Struik Laura
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

This study highlights TikTok’s influence in shaping youth perceptions of nicotine pouches as trendy and relatively harmless. This underlines the need for more restrictions to be applied on the content that is so readily available for youth.

OBJECTIVE

This study employs a qualitative descriptive design to explore how nicotine pouches (specifically Zyns) are represented on TikTok.

METHODS

A total of 200 TikTok posts were screened under the #zyn, #zyns, and #nicotinepouch hashtags, with 132 being analyzed. Posts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach. Collaborative coding ensured reliability and identified key themes in the content.

RESULTS

: Five themes emerged: (1) The Zyn Movement; (2) “Boy Heaven”; (3) “Unintended Negative Consequences”; (4) Product Design: “Life doesn’t need to stop”; (5) Physical Benefits: “It’s like IcyHot for your mouth.” Overall, the content heavily condoned nicotine pouch use and normalized it, with males disproportionately represented as the primary users of nicotine pouches.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights TikTok’s influence in shaping youth perceptions of nicotine pouches as trendy and relatively harmless. This underlines the need for more restrictions on the content that is so readily available to youth.
The control of using of excess energy from solar panels as thermal energy
Authors:   National University of Mongolia, bakhdal Tungaa , Erdenedavaa Purevdalai , M Mergen , Bat-Orgil Turmandakh
Published: February 2025

Энэ судалгааны ажлаар нарны зайн дэлгэцийн цахилгааны үйлдвэрлэл инверторын
чадлаас давсан илүүдлийг мэдэрч, илүүдсэн хэсгийг автоматаар тасалж, хуваарилах
үүрэгтэй төхөөрөмжийг бүтээж, туршсан үр дүнг танилцуулна. Энэхүү төхөөрөмж нь
нарны зайн бүлийн гаралт болон инверторын тогтмол гүйдлийн оролт хоёрын дунд
тавигдах ба инверторын чадлаас хэтэрсэн энергийг тасалж, тогтмол гүйдлийн халаагуур
руу дамжуулж, танкан дахь усыг халаах зорилготой. Тус удирдлагын төхөөрөмжийн
туршилтын загварыг Arduino-Uno микро контроллер болон соронзон релейнүүд ашиглан
бүтээж, гурван кВт-ын нарны зайн систем дээр урт хугацаанд туршсан. Туршилтын үр дүнг
нар гийгүүлэлтээрээ ялгаатай өдрүүд дээр харьцуулан дүгнэв. 4-р сарын 11-ний өдөр нарны
зайн дэлгэцээс үйлдвэрлэсэн энергийн 22.9 % -ийг, 4-р сарын 13-ны өдөр 17.6 % -ийг, 4-р
сарын 28-ны өдөр 24.3 % -ийг танканд дулааны энерги болгон хадгалсан байна.
Ecos modernos. Fuentes geohistóricas de los siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Camarero Bullón Concepción , Bringas Gutiérrez Miguel Ángel , Luna San Eugenio Ana
Published: February 2025

Esta obra transita por la contemporaneidad para mostrarnos la transformación de las fuentes geohistóricas y catastrales a nivel nacional e internacional. Dicha documentación adquiere cada vez más importancia en el ámbito científico dado su potencial y versatilidad, pues afecta directamente a la configuración de los espacios, su comprensión y evolución histórica desde dinámicas sociales, económicas y geopolíticas.
Los estudios aquí reunidos abarcan una gran variedad de usos con dichas fuentes geohistóricas, centrándose en aspectos como: la despoblación, el análisis medioambiental y las transformaciones en los usos del suelo, la evolución de la propiedad agraria, la defensa de los territorios, los cambios socioeconómicos de espacios complejos, la evolución de los espacios urbanos, la conformación, estructura y catalogación de los volúmenes documentales, las nuevas funciones turísticas y su impacto en los valores catastrales.
Por ello, esta obra supone un punto de inflexión y abre una nueva ventana a la innovación y el conocimiento en el campo de las fuentes geohistóricas y sus aplicaciones a nivel nacional e internacional.
Building an intelligent data exploring assistant for geoscientists
Authors: Widlansky Matthew J. , Komar Nemanja
Published: February 2025

Advances in natural-language processing and large language models (LLMs)
are transforming how geoscientists interact with complex datasets,
enabling efficient and intuitive scientific analyses. This study
introduces the Intelligent Data Exploring Assistant (IDEA), a prototype
framework that integrates advanced LLM technology with domain-specific
data, analytical tools, and computing resources to support geoscientific
research. We demonstrate its application through the Station Explorer
Assistant (SEA), a web-based tool designed for sea level science. SEA
empowers users to analyze and interpret coastal water level data by
addressing challenges such as vertical datum conversions and assessing
flooding risks. By combining LLM capabilities with robust
domain-specific customizations, SEA generates accurate analyses,
visualizations, and insights through natural-language prompts. This
study highlights the potential of IDEA frameworks to lower technical
barriers, enhance educational opportunities, and transform geoscientific
workflows while addressing the limitations and uncertainties of current
LLM technology.
The Effect Of Drying Duration On The Physicochemical Characteristics Of Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) Sheet Jam
Authors: Dwi Siska Amanda  , Rahmadhia Safinta Nurindra
Published: February 2025

The sheet jam from beetroot is a modification of spreadable jam and a diversification of food based on beetroot. Drying is one of the factors that determines the characteristics of the sheet jam. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of drying duration on the physicochemical characteristics of beetroot sheet jam. The drying process was conducted at a temperature of 50 °C with varying drying times of 10, 12, and 14 hours. The analyses performed in this study included texture tests (Hardness, Cohesiveness, Adhesiveness, Gumminess, and Chewiness), pH, moisture content, and antioxidant activity, with three repetitions for each test. The results showed that for the texture parameter, Hardness ranged from 12.66 to 17.65 N, Cohesiveness from 291.76 to 581.04 N, Adhesiveness from 7.35 to 33.58 Nmm, Gumminess from 5198.15 to 7973.70 N, Chewiness from 5117.80 to 7151.6 N, pH ranged from 3.93 to 5, moisture content from 18.85% to 24.95%, and antioxidant activity (IC50) ranged from 38.81 to 47.82 ppm. The conclusion of this study is that drying significantly affects the physicochemical characteristics of beetroot sheet jam.
Infestasi Pinjal, Kutu dan caplak Ektoparasit pada Kucing Kampung (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) di Kecamatan Saketi, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten
Authors: N.A. Abdilah  , M. F. Girinurani  , U. Setiawan  , H. Susilo
Published: February 2025

Ektoparasit yang menginfestasi kucing kampung (Felis catus Linn.) menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan pada kucing bahkan berperan sebagai penyebab langsung maupun vektor zoonosis. Tujuan penelitian ini mempelajari jenis, intensitas serangan dan prevalensi pinjal, kutu dan caplak ektoparasit pada F. catus di kecamatan Saketi, kabupaten Pandeglang. Sortasi, koleksi slide preparat, identifikasi hingga menentukan nilai dan kategori intensitas serangan dan prevalensi terhadap 560 ektoparasit yang diambil secara purposive sampling dari 28 individu F. catus pada 14 desa. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 3 jenis ektoparasit meliputi Felicola subrostratus (kutu), Ctenocephalides felis (pinjal) dan Ixodes ricinus (caplak). Pinjal C. felis memiliki intensitas serangan dan prevalensi paling tinggi secara berurutan 17,1 individu/hospes dan 100 %. Infestasi C. felis berpotensi menimbulkan zoonosis.
Exploring chaotic dynamics with absolute-embedded sinusoidal nonlinearity in a sinusoidal-enhanced Van der Pol oscillator
Authors:   University of Technology and Applied Sciences – Ibri, Sultanate of Oman, Rasappan S. , Rajan P. ,   University of Technology and Applied Sciences – Ibri, Sultanate of Oman, Majrafi W. A. A. ,   University of Technology and Applied Sciences – Ibri, Sultanate of Oman, Sambas A. ,   Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Gong Badak; Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya, Rusyn V. ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Markovych B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Brych L. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2025

The present study aims to analyze the chaotic behavior of a simple electrical circuit with a nonlinear resistor and an absolute value in its sinusoidal nonlinearity function. This type of circuit is considered fundamental, because it contains both nonlinear capacitance and resistance. This study investigates into various aspects of the circuit's behavior, with a particular focus on its chaotic properties such as bifurcation, periodicity, resonance, and Lyapunov exponent analysis. It is essential to highlight that, in addition to its chaotic behavior, the system also exhibits a stable equilibrium point and a chaotic attractor.
Multi-neighborhood local search with room split balancer for exam timetabling: A case study
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Software Engineering, i-CATS University College, Siew E. S. K. , Sze S. N. ,   Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak, Goh S. L. ,   Optimisation and Visual Analytics Research Group, Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Hossin M. ,   Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak, Chiew K. L. ,   Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak
Published: February 2025

This study explicitly addresses the examination timetabling problem (ETP) at University Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), which encompasses both online and physical exams treated within a unified framework of uncapacitated and capacitated formulations. Currently, faculty exam timetabling managed by proprietary systems meets basic constraints but needs to incorporate faculty and stakeholder preferences into a mathematical formulation, making solution quality difficult to assess. To address this issue, we propose a mathematical model that includes university-wide constraints and considers extended soft constraints that accommodate faculty and stakeholder preferences for room sharing and achieving balanced exam splits for shared and non-shared exam scenarios. We introduce a two-stage multi-neighborhood local search method with a balancer to produce high-quality solutions that meet these constraints. Our approach outperforms existing proprietary systems by meeting all standard constraints and achieving extended soft constraints, improving scheduling efficiency and stakeholder satisfaction, and offering a more optimal solution for real-world exam timetabling.
Neural network models with different input: An application on stock market forecasting
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Ang A. , Nor M. E. ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Rahman N. H. A. ,   Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Kamisan N. A. B. ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: February 2025

It is no doubt challenging to forecast the stock market accurately in reality due to the ever-changing market. Ever since Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been recognized as universal approximators, they are extensively used in forecasting albeit not having a systematic approach in identifying optimal input. The appropriate number of significant lags of a time series corresponds to the optimal input in time series forecasting. Hence, this study aims to compare the effect of several approaches in determining the input lag for ANNs prior to stock market forecasting, based on the autocorrelation function, the partial autocorrelation function, the Box–Jenkins model and forward selection. The forecast performances of the ANNs were compared with benchmark models, namely the naïve and Box–Jenkins models, in terms of error magnitudes and trend change error. In this study, all ANNs were found to outperform the benchmark models such that the neural network model trained with lags selected from forward selection of lag 1 and lag 31 (ANN4) is the best model as it achieved the highest accuracy with the lowest mean absolute percentage error and mean absolute error. Contrary to expectations, all models performed poorly in forecasting the trend change of the stock series. The ANNs with different inputs are viable in quantitative stock market forecasting yet more research is required to better understand other trend change measurements and improve the performance of forecasting the trend change of stock market.
Computational half-sweep explicit group Gauss–Seidel method with Caputo nonlocal arithmetic-mean approach for nonlinear time-fractional diffusion equation
Authors:   Faculty Science and Natural Resources, University Malaysia Sabah, Alibubin M. U. , Sulaiman J. ,   Faculty Science and Natural Resources, University Malaysia Sabah, Muhiddin F. A. ,   College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Teknologi MARA Sabah Branch, Sunarto A. ,   Tadris Matematika, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Fatmawati Sukarno
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces the half-sweep 4-Point Explicit Group Gauss–Seidel (HS4EGGS) method combined with a half-sweep Caputo nonlocal arithmetic-mean discretisation for solving nonlinear time-fractional diffusion equations (NTFDEs). Designed to enhance computational efficiency and accuracy, this approach minimizes iteration counts through a half-sweep iteration strategy and accurately represents memory and hereditary properties intrinsic to fractional derivatives. The HS4EGGS method significantly reduces computational costs while maintaining precision, making it particularly suited for large-scale problems. Numerical experiments compare HS4EGGS with FS4EGGS and FSGS methods, demonstrating its superior performance in convergence speed and accuracy across varying fractional orders and mesh sizes. For instance, HS4EGGS consistently outperforms the other methods in terms of iteration count and computational time while delivering solutions that align closely with expected results. This study highlights the robustness of HS4EGGS, positioning it as a reliable and efficient method for solving NTFDEs, with potential applications across diverse scientific and engineering domains.
Modeling short term interest rates using the Vasicek and Cox–Ingersoll–Ross models
Authors:   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Tekcnologi MARA (UiTM), Md Sa'at A. S. , Shair S. N. ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Tekcnologi MARA (UiTM), Md Lazam N. ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Tekcnologi MARA (UiTM), Yusof A. Y. ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Tekcnologi MARA (UiTM), Mohd Amin M. N. ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Tekcnologi MARA (UiTM), Ibrahim R. I. ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, University Sains Islam Malaysia, Mohd Ghani N. A. ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Tekcnologi MARA (UiTM)
Published: February 2025

In modeling future uncertainties, the time value of money effect is often minimally addressed. Many models assume constant rates, leading to potential errors in financial instrument pricing. This study explores continuous-time interest rate models to capture future uncertainties of interest rates. Two stochastic interest rate models, the Vasicek and Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (CIR), will be adopted, and their forecast performance will be evaluated. Using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), the models are fitted to Kuala Lumpur Interbank Offered Rate (KLIBOR) data (1-month, 3-month, and 12-month rates). Subsequently, the goodness-of-fit and forecast accuracies of both models were analysed. Results show that the Vasicek model is superior based on AIC, BIC, MSE, RMSE, and MAPE measures. The Vasicek model outperforms CIR, especially for 12-month rates. Finally, this study estimates zero-coupon bond prices and develops the term structure of interest rates, revealing an inverted yield curve.
Performance of geometric Brownian motion (GBM) with various volatility measurement models in forecasting market indices
Authors:   College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah N. A. , Ariffin N. A. N. ,   College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Pahang Branch
Published: February 2025

Many investors use market indices to manage their portfolios and keep track of the financial markets. Forecasting financial trends in a complex market is a critical factor for investors. Given how challenging and unpredictable future predictions can be, forecasting market indices cannot rely solely on regular patterns based on technical analysis. Therefore, this paper proposes a way to forecast future market indices of Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) Bursa Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange Composite Index (KLCI) and MSCI All Country World Index (ACWI) by using geometric Brownian motion (GBM). Four different types of formulae are used to determine the suitable volatility measurement that may yield forecast values closer to the actual movements of stock market indices. The objective of this paper is to analyze the performance of geometric Brownian motion (GBM) and Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES) based on FBM KLCI and MSCI ACWI stock returns. Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) are chosen to be used in this paper to measure accuracy. The findings show that using high-low-close volatility yields forecast values closer to the actual movements of stock market indices. Since SES has the smallest error values, it can be considered the most effective method for forecasting.
The potential of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma viride T1sk extracted with organic solvents etil acetate and butanol in suppressing the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro
Authors: Nurbailis Nurbailis , Yanti Yulmira , Jamaan Akmal , Rahayu Silva Dika
Published: February 2025

The control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the causal agent of anthracnose in chili, is typically achieved through synthetic fungicides, which pose risks to both the environment and consumers. As a safer alternative, microbial-derived biopesticides offer an environmentally friendly solution. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of secondary metabolites produced by Trichoderma viride T1sk, extracted using organic solvents with different polarities (ethyl acetate and butanol), to inhibit the growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, comprising three treatments with six replications, each consisting of two petri dish units. The treatments included: (A) ethyl acetate extract, (B) butanol extract, and (C) a control. The media poisoning method was employed to assess the antifungal activity of the extracts. Key parameters observed were colony area, conidial count, conidial germination rate, and propagule density of C. gloeosporioides. The results demonstrated that both ethyl acetate and butanol effectively extracted antifungal secondary metabolites from T. viride T1sk. In general, these metabolites significantly suppressed the growth of C. gloeosporioides. Among the solvents tested, butanol exhibited the highest efficacy in extracting antifungal compounds and consistently achieving the strongest inhibition across all observed variables.
DIGITAL PAYMENT AND BRAND IMAGE INFLUENCE CONSUMERS' PURCHASING DECISIONS IN THE FOOD SECTOR
Authors: Amanda Septiana , Widiya Avianti
Published: February 2025

The central government has established the ITE Law No. 11 of 2008 on information and electronic transactions with the aim of improving trade and the national economy and improving public welfare. This is evidenced by the presence of several online payment programs or also known as digital payment applications that provide the ability to make non-cash payments through online transactions. The source of data in this study was obtained from the questionnaire (primary) distributed to the community in Mekargalih Village, Jatiluhur District, Purwakarta Regency.  By sampling using non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling method using slovin formula so that the sample obtained in this study as many as 291 respondents. In addition to ease of payment, another decision in the purchase of products on online shopping platforms is the brand image that affects the purchase intention of consumers. Complaints of payment through the ShopeePay application are perceived by consumers as an obstacle in purchasing, so this study was conducted to determine the effect of digital payments and brand image on purchasing decisions. Based on the results of research conducted, digital payment (X1) and brand image (X2) simultaneously affect the purchase decision. Based on the coefficient of determination test obtained the value of R square (R2) of 0.872. This value can be interpreted that digital payments and brand image are able to influence purchasing decisions by 87.2%.
INFLUENCE OF THE TIMELINESS OF PRODUCT DELIVERY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT CV. EAST JAYA SUMEDANG ELECTRONICS
Authors: Dini Erti
Published: February 2025

CV Timur Jaya Elektronik is a company operating in the industrial sector that sells various kinds of electronic goods such as televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners and other electrical equipment. Based on the research results, it shows that there are problems caused by the timeliness of product delivery on consumer satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of product delivery time on consumer satisfaction at CV. Timur Jaya Electronics Sumedang. This research uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews and distributing questionnaires. The data analysis techniques that will be tested are validity test, reliability test, simple linear regression, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination and t test. Based on the research results, it shows that there is a positive influence between the timeliness of product delivery on consumer satisfaction according to a simple linear regression test, while according to the Spearman Rank correlation the influence of timeliness of product delivery on consumer satisfaction is strong and based on the results of the coefficient of determination of timeliness of product delivery on consumer satisfaction in CV. Timur Jaya Elektronik Sumedang has a positive and significant influence and the rest is influenced by other factors. The suggestion that researchers can put forward is to be more thorough in providing product delivery information to consumers, so that there are no misunderstandings between companies and consumers. As well as providing the right delivery time