bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language Processing Abilities in a Multilingual Context: The Role of Linguistic Background among Students in Amman, Jordan
Authors: Rababah Luqman
Published: April 2024

Aim. This quantitative experimental study aims to examine the impact of linguistic background on language processing abilities among learners at a language academy in Amman, Jordan. The purpose of the study is to investigate how different linguistic backgrounds influence language processing skills specifically in the areas of grammar, syntax, and semantics.

Participants. The participants consist of 100 learners aged 18-25 with Arabic, English, or German as their native or primary language.

Methods. The study utilizes the Pinker Test as a measurement tool for assessing language processing abilities and collects data through a background questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses are conducted to analyze the data.

Results. The results of the study indicate that linguistic background significantly affects language processing abilities (F(2, 97) = 4.72, p < 0.05). Post-hoc analyses reveal significant differences in grammar task performance between English-speaking individuals and Arabic-speaking participants (p < 0.05), while English and German speakers show similar scores. In the syntax task, English-speaking individuals outperform Arabic speakers (p < 0.05), with no significant difference between English and German speakers. In the semantics task, English speakers outperform both Arabic and German speakers (p < 0.05), while Arabic and German speakers differ significantly (p < 0.05).

Conclusions. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that linguistic background plays a significant role in language processing abilities, specifically in the areas of grammar, syntax, and semantics. These results support previous research and highlight the influence of language transfer effects and cognitive processing abilities influenced by linguistic background. The implications of this study's findings include the need for tailored teaching techniques that consider learners' linguistic backgrounds to enhance language instruction.
The Acquisition of Jordanian Arabic Plural Morphology by Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Al-Thunebat Sateh Abdullah , Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman , Thneibat Amal
Published: April 2024

Aim. This study investigates the acquisition of plural morphology by native Jordanian children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary objective of the study is to assess children’s capacity to use plural morphology in Jordanian Arabic, aiming to identify the most frequently utilized form of the plural and the reasons behind its prevalence.

Methods. The study involved a sample of 10 male and female children with ASD, averaging twelve years old, from Tawasul Center for Autism in Amman, Jordan. Utilizing twenty representative pictures featuring familiar plural items such as chairs, televisions, and children, the participants were tasked with identifying the depicted elements.

Results. The findings indicated that the children faced challenges in employing plurals in Arabic, with the feminine morpheme being the most consistently used. However, instances of overgeneralization in the use of the feminine morpheme were noted, leading to inaccuracies. Moreover, children avoided plural forms in several cases and resorted to singular forms paired with words that indicate duality or plurality.

Conclusion. The research results indicate that, by the age of 12, individuals with ASD experience challenges in acquiring proficiency in plural forms in Jordanian Arabic. The study underscores the difficulties these individuals encounter in understanding linguistic elements related to plurality within the specific linguistic context. It also demonstrates that comprehending the complexities of how autistic children acquire plural morphemes is not solely an academic interest; it holds practical significance for designing interventions to enhance their language proficiency and improve overall communication skills.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE INDUCTION-TYPE HEAT GENERATOR. VOLTAGE MODE
Authors: Zhyltsov A. , Berezyuk A. , Usenko S. , Yarmolenko B.
Published: April 2024

Induction type heat generators are widely used in technologies for drying materials of natural and artificial origin. This allows using non-contact action on the heat carrier, unlike traditional heat generators, where air heated by the products of combustion of mineral fuel acts as a drying agent, to exclude the impact of carcinogens on the final product, to ensure fire safety in the absence of an open flame, does not pollute the environment with combustion products in due to their absence. Despite the fairly wide industrial implementation of these technologies, the issue of creating new and improving known induction heating systems for drying technologies of natural and artificial origin remains relevant, and their design methods require further development and generalization. The purpose of this work is to develop, using the method of secondary sources, a mathematical model for the analysis of the three-dimensional magnetic field in a three-phase heat generator of the induction type, taking into account the symmetry of its geometry, powered by a three-phase voltage source. On the basis of the method of secondary sources, a three-dimensional mathematical model of an induction-type heat generator was developed when it is powered by a three-phase voltage source with a load in the form of unbonded ferromagnetic conductive tubes/rods, taking into account the symmetry of the density distribution of secondary sources of the electromagnetic field, which allows rational use of computing resources, conducting analysis influence of the geometrical, electrophysical, mode parameters of the induction type heat generator on heat losses in the loaded, which are heat sources for heating the coolant.
METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF OPTIMAL SWARM MANAGEMENT OF UAVS IN ENERGY CROP SPRAYING WITH AGROCHEMICAL AGENTS
Authors: Shvorov S. , Pasichnyk N. , Opryshko O. , Yakushov V. , Redko M. , Davidenko T.
Published: April 2024

The work is devoted to research on the optimal management of a UAV swarm when spraying energy crops with toxic chemicals. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that, at present, the solution of chemical plant protection tasks using UAVs is based on the individual experience of a human operator, who manages a swarm of UAVs, as a rule, in a non-optimal way with significant time and cost costs. The purpose of the article is to develop methodological principles for optimal management of a UAV swarm when spraying energy crops with agrochemicals. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks must be solved: the formulation of the task of optimizing the management of a UAV swarm is substantiated, taking into account the time and cost constraints for the performance of chemical plant protection tasks, a method of optimal management of a UAV swarm when spraying energy crops with toxic chemicals and foliar feeding is developed, which provides a solution tasks to maximize the number of sprayed plants in each field section under time and cost constraints, a structural diagram of the solution to the task of optimizing the UAV swarm management was developed for the high-quality practice of chemical plant protection tasks. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the application of the dynamic programming method in the distribution and management of a swarm of UAVs on each site when spraying energy crops with agrochemicals. The practical value of the work lies in the development of a structural scheme for solving the problem of optimizing the control of a UAV swarm, with the help of which the optimal number of UAVs in a given time sequence is calculated in special software. automated operator's workplace for high-quality performance of chemical protection and plant nutrition tasks.
EVALUATION OF THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH HEAT PUMPS BASED ON COMPUTER SIMULATION
Authors: Sukhodub I. , Shklyar V. , Dubrovska V. , Yatsenko O. , Serdechnyi P.
Published: April 2024

This article presents an analysis of the energy efficiency of the heating system of a single-family residential building with the integration of a heat pump (HP) using climate data for Kyiv city. Specialized software complexes for calculation (GeoT*SOL), dynamic energy modeling (DesignBuilder/EnergyPlus), and techno-economic justification of HP systems implementation (RETScreen) were used for this purpose. The analysis was conducted for two types of HPs: air-to-water (air-based) and ground-source (ground-based), considering various temperature regimes of the indoor heating system. Based on the modeling results, it was determined that for an air-to-water HP with a nominal capacity of 7 kW, the average seasonal efficiency rating could be approximately 3.6 for the HP itself and 2.7 for the overall system. For a ground-source HP with a nominal capacity of 6 kW, the average seasonal efficiency rating is 4.7 for the HP itself and 3.75 for the overall system. The total electricity consumption varies within the range of 4800–5700 kWh for air-based HP and 3200–4300 kWh for ground-based HP. Depending on the HP capacity, the share of heating energy coverage ranges from 85-98% for ground-based HP and 79-98% for air-based HP. The simple payback period of the HP-based heating system compared to electric convectors is 15.2–17.0 years.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROCESS OF ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION OF ORGANICS WASTE
Authors: Chmil A.
Published: April 2024

Anaerobic fermentation in biogas plants is an effective and promising method of manure disposal. During fermentation, especially in the thermophilic mode, animal excrement is largely disinfected, pathogenic microflora dies, weed seeds lose their germination and, in addition, biogas is released, the utilization of which allows to obtain additional energy. This way of utilization of manure under the conditions of gradual depletion and increase in the price of traditional sources acquires special importance. Since fermentation is carried out in closed facilities, completely isolated from the surrounding environment, the possibility of the spread of infections and gases with an unpleasant smell and the ingress of untreated manure into the soil, ground and underground water is eliminated. As a result of the decomposition of organic substances in the fermented product, the share of biogenic elements increases, most of them turn into mineral substances easily absorbed by plants, and nitrogen losses do not exceed 3-5%.

An experimental installation was developed to determine the nature of gas release, the depth of mineralization of organic matter depending on the regime and design parameters, as well as with the purpose of developing, based on the obtained dependencies, technological schemes for anaerobic treatment and waste disposal of animal husbandry enterprises.

The theoretical basis of mathematical modeling and forecasting of the operation of bioenergy plants is the material balance equation related to the rates of biochemical reactions and flow rates. The derivation of the material balance equation is possible if there is information about the hydraulic characteristics of bioenergy reactors, which depend on the operating conditions, limitations, and final results of the process. In addition, data on the rate of flow of biochemical reactions, the influence of environmental conditions and operating parameters on them are also necessary.
Ulcerative tumour-like disease of white fir in the Pokuttia Carpathians
Authors: Kulbanska Ivanna , Goychuk Anatoliy , Soroka Myroslava , Shvets Marina , Vyshnevskyi Anatoliy
Published: April 2024

The current state of dark coniferous forests on Earth is a bio-indicator of global environmental change, in particular, the process of gradual degradation of tree species of the genera Pine, Spruce and Fir, due to the negative impact of anthropogenic activities, abiotic and biotic factors. The purpose of the study is to establish the symptoms, prevalence and harmfulness of the causative agent of ulcerative tumour-like disease on the shoots and trunks of white fir. The research was conducted on the territory of the forest fund of the Pokuttia Carpathians, in particular, within the branch Kutske forestry of the State Specialised Economic Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine” in the Kosivske forest enterprise. The study uses classical phytopathological and mycological methods, which are used to investigate the aetiology of the disease, analyse typical symptoms (starting from the early stages), and perform microscopy of the affected parts of fir. The symptoms, aetiology, and pathogenesis of white fir ulcer-like disease, which tends to spread, were investigated. A new name for the disease is substantiated, in particular, it is proposed to use the name “ulcerative tumour-like disease” of fir instead of the current name “cancer”. It is shown that a typical sign of infection is the development of tumours, which eventually transform into ulcers. It was found that the tumour-like type of lesion prevails on the undergrowth of fir, and on plants of the upper tiers – ulcerative. It is noted that a typical sign of ulcerative tumour-like disease of white fir is also the presence of pathologies such as “witches’ broom”. It is proposed to remove affected trees with typical signs of infection with ulcerative tumour-like disease to reduce the infectious background, especially during lighting and cleaning, since affected trees are not released from infection. Therefore, assessing the risk of infection of white fir trees with ulcerative tumour-like disease at the level of specific stands and ensuring an appropriate response to potential infection risks is an important part of sustainable forest management
Ecological and biological features of the selected forms of checker tree for successful targeted introduction and reintroduction into the ecological network of Ukraine
Authors: Moskalets Tetiana , Moskalets Valentyn , Kratiuk Oleksandr , Vlasiuk Volodymyr , Klymchuk Oleksandra
Published: April 2024

The study considers the issues of introduction and reintroduction of the Red Book species of checker tree in the system of decorative gardening, forest protection, and forest ecosystems. That is why the purpose of the study was to monitor the green corridors of rural and urban ecosystems of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, to investigate and select the best forms of checker tree in terms of morphological characteristics and physiological properties for promising areas of distribution and conservation in the form of pure and mixed plantings. The following methods were used in the research: route, field, biometric, laboratory, comparative analysis, mathematical and statistical. New forms of checker tree were introduced, studied in in situ and ex situ conditions, and selected for the prospects of their further introduction and reintroduction into the ecological network of Ukraine and conservation to activate trophic, phoric, and other types of biotic interactions in a single territorial ecosystem. Sparsely distributed biotypes of Torminalis glaberrima (Gand.) Sennikov & Kurtto f. Intermedia Kossetz were found in the zone of green corridors of rural and urban ecosystems of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Some specimens of these biotypes were identified as valuable material for introduction into the system of fruit and ornamental gardening, including parks and monuments of landscape art, as well as natural monuments, protected tracts, sanctuaries and reserves of pure and mixed plantings, alleys, forest reclamation strips, etc. It was established that the elements of originality of the selected forms of checker tree – Eva, Podolianochka and Slavka – are the specificity of the crown shape, which determines the level of productivity, small and medium growth force, normal reaction to pruning (which affects the size and yield of fruits), high degree of flowering (60-80%), increased fruit size (diameter of more than 2 cm), increased fruit weight (1.8-2.1 g), increased number of fruits on the stem (≥20 units), a pleasant and harmonious taste of fruits, high quality of fruits, lack of periodicity in fruiting in nature and in culture, high xenogamy (69-75%), high yield of fruits from the plant, increased winter hardiness (7.5 pt.), high drought resistance (8 pt.) and resistance to pests, including pear leaf blister mite (7-9 pt.). The findings can be used in the future to replenish pure and mixed plantings in the ecological network of Ukraine
The Auxiliary Verb in Contemporary Jordanian Arabic: A Historical Descriptive Study
Authors: Althawbih Haytham , Al-Issawi Juhaina , Abu Nawas Omar , Saraireh Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The present study proceeds from the idea that many of the contemporary Arabic phenomena that modern linguists experience are linguistic phenomena that existed in classical Arabic or ancient Semitic languages. This study, therefore, has argued that the hypothesis stating Arabic is different from Indo-European languages in not considering the auxiliary verb in its structure is inaccurate. Furthermore, the idea that syntactic structure contains auxiliary verbs as a native construction transmitted to Arabic through translation is hasty. Methods: The study set itself an approach to prove this theory by describing the auxiliary verb in contemporary Arabic, focused on the Jordanian dialect and more specifically on the two auxiliary verbs ﻛﺎﻥ 'was' and ﻗﻌﺪ 'sit.' It also provided evidence from classical Arabic as Quran, poetry, and Semitic languages. Conclusions: The study concluded that the two auxiliary verbs ﻛﺎﻥ 'was' and ﻗﻌﺪ 'sit' have their roots in classical Arabic and Semitic languages.
A systematic review guanxi HRM practices, formal HRM practices to improve creative performance in collectivism organization culture
Authors: Sheikh Uamara , Jamshed Samia
Published: April 2024

This systematic review study argues that guanxi HRM practices, as opposed to formal HRM practices, may improve the employee’s performance in organizations with a collective business culture. To substantiate this claim, three decade published articles; literature from the Sage, Asia Pacific, Taylor & Francis Group, and Emerald journals are reviewed. NVivo software was used for content, coding, and analysis. The results of this systematic review study reveal that informal term of guanxi HRM practices identifies positive and productive outcomes of employees in the collectivism business culture organizations in contrast to formal HRM practices. This study is useful because it also proposes that in the future, academics and HR managers can explore the guanxi HRM practices that adhere to collectivist culture in their organizational culture, particularly in growing nations like Pakistan, both theoretically and practically to enhance employee performance to meet global challenges.
Openness to experience moderates the effect of abusive supervision on knowledge-hiding behavior
Authors: Tufail Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Kamran , Jouhar Shahab , Khan Muhammad Taimur
Published: April 2024

Organizations recognize knowledge as a source of a competitive edge. Organizations have made significant efforts to improve the scope of information sharing among employees to improve creativity and innovation. Despite these safeguards, employees continue to conceal their knowledge from their coworkers. Further, leadership style plays a crucial role in employee behavior. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding behavior. Moreover, the moderating role of openness to experience has been explored. Data were collected from faculty members (N=309) from the different universities using questionnaires following a simple random sampling technique. The results revealed a direct relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding. Openness to experience was negatively correlated with knowledge hiding. Further, the moderating role of openness to experience between abusive supervision and knowledge hiding relationship was low but significant. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.
A study of socio-economic determinants of internal migration in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Karar , Mir Hassan , Khan Jaffar , Ajmal Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The migration is a dynamic process and it effects the growth of economy. The process of migration may happen due to number of reasons and factors. The migration may be internal and external. The present study investigates and explains the factors responsible for migration in Pakistan. This study is limited to explain the internal migration in Pakistan and concludes that female education is a significant determinant of the internal migration. The study uses the data from Labour Force Survey 2017-2022. Data is statistically analyzed on the basis of distribution of migrants by their characteristics and on the basis of migration reasons. It captures the impact of age, education and other factors on the migration process. The determinants of migration are estimated with the help of logistic regression model. Here dependent variable of migration model is dichotomous. Therefore, logistic regression model is formulated to know the impact of education and other factors on internal migration in Pakistan. The positive and significant effect of education on migration for both males and females is found and it proves that migration is a human capital investment.
The effect of project managers’ competencies on project success with mediating role of project stakeholders’ engagement: A case of IT sector
Authors: Bhatti Muhammad Bilal Akram , Durrani Muhammad Kashif
Published: April 2024

Purpose – The goal of this study is to determine and identify the nature of Project Managers’ Competencies (Emotional Intelligence & Cognitive Flexibility) on Project Success (Time, Cost & Scope) mediating the role of Project Stakeholders’ Engagement (Internal Stakeholders Engagement & External Stakeholders Engagement) in the sector of Information Sector of Lahore. In this paper we are targeting the Project Manager, team Leaders & Portfolio Manager of IT Sector in which they are involve to manage different types of Projects. Data collection was conducted using a quantitative survey which obtained valid 367 responses for the analysis. Regression Analysis, Correlation Analysis and MARCO Haya’s Process was used to find out the results. The study confirmed that overall project success in IT sector is highly associated with the Project Managers Competencies and mediating by the Project Stakeholders Engagement. This research builds on previous studies by providing further evidence that the Project Manager Competencies and Project Stakeholders Engagement on Project Success. These findings can help fund further studies of future development endeavours and also support the Theory of Freeman regarding the Stakeholders Engagement.
Selfie posting behavior, self-objectification and body image dissatisfaction among women
Authors: Khalil Aqsa , Qaiser Maryam , Anjum Abeer , Mustafa Remsha
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore excessive selfie uploading behavior on social media sites among young women and its negative effects on women concepts related to their self and body image. Researches reveals that excessive selfie posting behavior among young women enhances self-objectification behavior. They spend a lot of their time and energy in taking and posting selfies, in editing their selfies just because of the factor to look beautiful and to get more likes and comments under their posts, and to meet the thin ideal beauty standards of social media, they are continually trying to present their self’s in manners that are perfect in every expect. On the other side these activities are disturbing their academic performances and their mental health as well. These activities also affect their interpersonal relationships with their families. A purposive sample of 450 women was taken from different areas of Sialkot, Pakistan from which 200 were screen out who fall on borderline according to the scoring criteria of selfitis behavior scale. A self- developed demographic sheet was administered along with Selfitis behavior scale (Balakrishnan & Griffiths, 2017), Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996) and Body shape questionnaire (Evans & Dolan, 1993) was used. For data analysis, Inferential statistics, Pearson product moment correlational was used to assess the relationship and Multiple regression and T-test was used to compare different variables through SPSS (V-22). Results showed significant positive relationship of overall SBS score with self-objectification and body image dissatisfaction (p<.000, p<.000). moreover, the results of Pearson product moment correlational also shows significant correlation with overall SBS scores with self-objectification and body image dissatisfaction (r<.423**, r<.616**).  Findings of this study provide awareness about how social networking sites are promoting selfie posting behavior among women of Sialkot, Pakistan.
Green management practices for a sustainable future
Authors: Ahmed Humara , Azhar Ammar
Published: April 2024

Global environmental changes have stimulated thinking about organizational leadership as a major factor for current and upcoming financial growth in the green economy. As per Pakistan climate and weather, the solar technology is well suited for our region. Solar radiations are mostly used as a source of renewable energy with the direct use of it for generation of electricity or heating. However, the Pakistan government has set the target to shift its 30% energy consumption on renewable energy which is currently being generated from fossil fuels. Therefore, the present study explores that the green management practices in terms of renewable energy, which are applied in sugar industries, are they truly reviving the economic and social environment which makes a difference in reducing the carbon emission in environment and get rid of pollution.
Theoretical analysis of the problem of developing personal resilience
Authors: Chukhrii Inna , Kravchuk Vlad
Published: April 2024

Military operations on the territory of Ukraine have a devastating impact on the entire population of the state. Daily shelling, participation in combat, loss of loved ones, and the experience of prolonged stressful situations affect all areas of the population's life and, in particular, their psychological and mental health. An important task of modern psychological science is to explore ways to develop constructive ways to overcome stressful situations and develop personal resilience and counteract difficult life circumstances.In recent years, the study of the problem of resilience as the ability to resist life's difficulties has been actively developing. The study of this problem helps to solve many problems of practical psychology, since the development of resilience and the ability to resist stressful situations is a necessary component of the personality in wartime.The article presents a theoretical generalization of scientific approaches to the study of the concept of resilience. The main directions in the study of resilience of foreign and domestic authors are revealed. Various factors and determinants that influence the development of resilience as a process of resistance to stress are analyzed. The historical dynamics of understanding and studying the concept of resilience and the study of the development of personality resilience are presented.Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, we can distinguish the following scientific generalizations of the concept of resilience: it has a dynamic nature and biological basis, is an important prerequisite for successful adaptation and development of the individual, can be considered in social, biological or psychological aspects, its development depends not on the living conditions of a person, but on his/her perception of life difficulties, during the emergence of difficult living conditions, as well as in the process of experiencing life difficulties, a person is capable of post-traumatic growth and resilience.There are four stages in the study of the concept of resilience:1. Identification of signs based on longitudinal studies of children's defensive functions.2. Identification of the process. During this stage, the focus of the study changes from defensive factors to consideration of human resilience processes.3. The third stage is based on the first and second, it actively considers resilience as a mechanism that leads to positive human adaptation in adverse conditions.4. The fourth stage was caused by the development of technologies that allowed to study resilience more qualitatively with the help of psychodiagnostic tools.It has been established that resilience is an individual ability to counteract and find constructive methods of overcoming stressful situations, an important prerequisite for mental adaptation and personality development. Resilience depends on the influence of external (social) factors and individual psychological factors.
Contemporary psychological perspectives on personal readiness for professional activity
Authors: Shymanskyi Andrii
Published: April 2024

The article highlights the results of the theoretical analysis of the concept of "psychological readiness" as a state of readiness to act or react to a trigger. "Psychological readiness for professional activity", in turn, is seen as a positive attitude towards the value and meaning of the professional role and acceptance of one's ability to perform it. The main structural components of the psychological readiness of an individual for professional activity, which includes operational, emotional, socio-psychological, psychophysiological components, have been considered. It has been indicated that psychological readiness for the profession is an important component of the student's self-improvement, promotes self-realisation in the professional sphere. The peculiarity of psychological readiness for professional activity of military personnel has been highlighted. The importance of emotional intelligence and empathy as a component of a person's psychological readiness for professional activity has been noted. A high correlation between the development of emotional intelligence and the components of psychological readiness has been determined, namely: the influence of intrapersonal emotional intelligence on the cognitive-target component of psychological readiness; the influence of interpersonal emotional intelligence on the behavioural component of psychological readiness as a factor in ensuring the successful professional activity of specialists of different profiles. The mandatory inclusion of methods of studying emotional intelligence and empathy in the study of psychological readiness of a person for professional activity has been suggested.
The Electronic Kinetics of Molecular Nitrogen
and Molecular Oxygen in the Earth’s Middle Atmosphere
during the GLE Events of Solar Cycle 23
Authors: Kirillov A. S. , Belakhovskii V. B. , Maurchev E. A. , Balabin Yu. V. , Germanenko A. V. , Gvozdevskii B. B.
Published: April 2024

Based on models of the electronic kinetics of triplet and singlet states of molecular nitrogen andsinglet states of molecular oxygen for the Earth’s middle atmosphere, we calculated the intensity profiles ofthe bands of the first and second positive N2 systems, the Lyman–Birge–Hopfield N2 bands, and the infraredO2 bands in the case of precipitation of high-energy protons during the GLE65, GLE67, GLE69, and GLE70events of solar cycle 23. Calculations have shown that almost over the entire interval of altitudes of 20–80 km,there is a significant contribution from the processes of quenching some electronically excited states of N2and O2 during molecular collisions. The kinetics of O2 singlet states at the altitudes of the middle atmosphereduring proton precipitation is considered taking into account both direct excitation by high-energy particlesand intermolecular processes of electron excitation transfer
Atmospherics Associated with Sprites from Elf/Vlf Observations
on the Kamchatka Pen
Authors: Malkin E. I. , Kapustina O. V. , Druzhin G. I.
Published: April 2024

Information about the main characteristics of sprites and related lightning discharges is given.Results are presented of the analysis of atmospherics recorded using the IZMIRAN mobile equipment at theexpedition site near the Levaya Avacha River in September, October 2002 and in August, November 2004 onthe Kamchatka Peninsula. The results of the analysis are given andlectromagnetic radiation from lightningdischarges that occurred on the Kamchatka Peninsula in July and August 2017 that were recorded by theequipment of the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation, Far Eastern Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences at the Karymshina expedition site are presented. The percentage of positivelightning discharges on the western and southern coasts of the Kamchatka Peninsula, which can be associatedwith sprites has been estimated.
Predicting the Functional Dependence of the Sunspot Number
in the Solar Activity Cycle Based on Elman Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Krasheninnikov I. V. , Chumakov S. O.
Published: April 2024

The possibility of predicting the function of the time dependence of the sunspot number (SSN) inthe solar activity cycle is analyzed based on the application of the Elman artificial neural network platform tothe historical series of observational data. A method for normalizing the initial data for preliminary trainingof the ANN algorithm is proposed, in which a sequence of virtual idealized cycles is constructed using scaledduration coefficients and the amplitude of solar cycles. The correctness of the method is analyzed in a numericalexperiment based on modeling the time series of sunspots. The intervals of changing the adaptableparameters in the ANN operation are estimated and a mathematical criterion for choosing a solution is proposed.The significant asymmetry of its ascending and descending branches is a characteristic property of theconstructed functional dependence of the sunspot number cycle. A forecast of the time course for the current25th cycle of solar activity is presented and its correctness is discussed in comparison with other forecastresults and the available data of solar activity status monitoring
Geoefficiency of Sporadic Phenomena in Solar Cycle 24
Authors: Belov A. V. , Belova E. A. , Shlyk N. S. , Abunina M. A. , Abunin A. A.
Published: April 2024

The specific features of solar cycle 24 are discussed, including cosmic ray variations, characteristicsof solar flares, proton events, coronal mass ejections, and the level of geomagnetic activity. It is shownthat in terms of the sunspot number and other manifestations of solar activity, cycle 24 turned out to be themost modest one over the last 100 years of observations. A significant decrease in the geoefficiency of varioussolar events is described, which manifested itself in a smaller number and magnitude of Forbusheffects recorded on the Earth, the enhancements of the fluxes of protons and electrons of different energies,and geomagnetic storms.
Forbush Decreases Associated with Coronal Holes,
Coronal Ejections from Active Regions, and Filament Ejections:
Comparison in Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Melkumyan A. A. , Belov A. V. , Abunina M. A. , Shlyk N. S. , Abunin A. A. , Oleneva V. A. , Yanke V. G.
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we study the similarities and differences of Forbush decreases in solar cycles 23 and24. Groups of events associated with various types of solar sources were analyzed: coronal mass ejections fromactive regions accompanied by solar flares (CME1 group), filament ejections outside active regions (CME2group), and high-velocity streams from coronal holes (CH group). The distributions and relations of variousparameters were studied: the amplitude of Forbush decreases, the maximum values of the hourly decrease inthe cosmic ray density, the equatorial cosmic ray anisotropy, the solar wind velocity, and the magnetic fieldstrength, as well as the values of the solar wind velocity and the magnetic field strength 1 hour before the onsetof the Forbush decrease during the event. The results showed that the number of events, parameter values,and their relations depend on the phase and cycle of solar activity. In the 24th cycle, the number of events inthe CME1 group decreased, did not change in CME2, and increased in CH. The values of the parametersand the difference between them in various groups of events are higher in cycle 23, which is characterized bygreater asymmetry and long “tails” of distributions. The magnitude of the Forbush decreases in the CME1group in cycle 23 depends more strongly on the solar wind velocity while, in cycle 24, on the magnetic fieldstrength, as in the CME2 group in both solar cycles. Multiple linear regression describes the dependences ofthe parameters of Forbush reductions in the CME1 and CME2 groups in the 23rd cycle and in the CME1group in the 24th cycle well.
Synthesis, Structures, and Spectral Properties of Octa(2,6-difluorophenyl)tetraazaporphyrin and Its Cu(II) and Ni(II) Complexes
Authors: Rusanov A. I. , Chizhova N. V. , Likhonina A. E. , Mamardashvili N. Zh.
Published: April 2024

Octa(2,6-difluorophenyl)tetraazaporphyrinate magnesium(II) has been treated with 96% sulfuric acid to obtain octa(2,6-difluorophenyl)tetraazaporphyrin. Coordination reactions of octa(2,6-difluorophenyl)tetraazaporphyrin and metal exchange of its magnesium complex with copper and nickel salts in dimethylformamide have been studied. Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes with octa(2,6-difluorophenyl)tetraazaporphyrin have been synthesized. The resulting compounds have been identified by electron absorption, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The structures of the synthesized compounds were optimized by the DFT method. The fluorescence quantum yields of the studied compounds have been determined.
BACKGROUND EEG ACTIVITY MEDIATES ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BDNF-VAL66MET POLYMORPHISM AND MEMORY DURING AGING
Authors: Volf N. V. , Privodnova E. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Significant heterogeneity in cognitive aging is explained by the influence of both genetic and environmental factors. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a neurotropic factor involved in the processes of plasticity in the mature brain. Val66Met polymorphism is a functional polymorphism of the BDNF gene, which determines its association with the architectonics and functions of the brain and the efficiency of cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to identify the aging-related features of the relationship between Val66Met polymorphism and the efficiency of verbal memory processes, determined in the dichotic test, as well as with the background oscillatory activity of the brain, recorded with eyes closed in 52 EEG leads. The study involved 235 right-handed young Caucasians (YA, mean age 21.65 years, SD = 3.18) and 141 older (OA, 64.37 years, SD = 6.04). Genetic differences in memory parameters and endophenotypes of EEG activity were found only in OA individuals. In dichotic testing, subjects with the Val/Val genotype reproduced fewer words from the right ear compared to carriers of the Met allele. When analyzing the EEG, genetic differences were found in the focal indicators of asymmetry in the power of the delta, theta, beta 1 and 2 rhythms, and were due to the greater power of the rhythms in the central temporal sections of the right hemisphere compared to the left hemisphere in Val/Val, with the opposite ratio in carriers of the Met allele. For the beta 2 rhythm, similar differences in asymmetry were also characteristic of the parietal-occipital regions of the hemispheres. It was found that indicators of central temporal asymmetry are mediators in the association between BDNF gene polymorphism and memory efficiency. The data obtained for the first time show age-related differences in the effects of the Val/Met BDNF polymorphism on the efficiency of verbal memory and EEG power and suggest possible relationships between these genotype-associated parameters.
ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGICAL ERRORS OF THE AVIATION GRAVIMETRIC SYSTEM WITH A TRANSFORMATON GRAVIMETER
Authors: BEZVESILNA Olena , NECHAI Sergey , TOLOCHKO Tetiana ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: April 2024

The equations of motion and a list of the main components of the AGS are given: gravimeter, stabilization system, system for determining navigation parameters, height meter, on-board digital computer. An analysis of methodological errors of the aviation gravimetric system with a transformer gravimeter was carried out, from which the accuracy requirements for the AGS components were formulated, provided that the accuracy of PST measurements is 1–2 mGal Analytical expressions were found and the coefficients of sensitivity of the total error of the AGS output signal to the measurement errors of the following aircraft movement parameters were calculated: speed, course, latitude, altitude, vertical speed, vertical acceleration, path for different flight modes. Therefore, the study of the sensitivity of the AGS to errors in the measurement of speed, latitude and course, depending on a number of parameters of the aircraft movement, showed that in the case of aviation gravimetric measurements along the Earth’s meridian, it is necessary to accurately determine the course, along the Earth’s parallel – to accurately measure the speed, in mid-latitudes – latitude . It is substantiated that the use of a new two-channel transformer gravimeter provides the necessary increase in the accuracy of AGS. Changes in the sensitivity of the error of the AGS output signal to speed measurement errors were studied depending on the latitude of the site at constant values of the course, as well as on the course of the aircraft at constant values of the latitude. It is shown that the sensitivity of the AGS to speed measurement errors is maximum for the east and west courses (22.6 mGl/m/s and – 6.5 mGl/m/s, respectively) at the location latitude j= 00; minimum for north and south courses and at j=900 regardless of the course (8.05 mGl/m/s). Permissible values of errors in determining the flight parameters of the aircraft were calculated: speed 0.05…0.15 m/s, heading 1.43…3 arcmin, latitude 0.5…1.5 arcmin. min., height 3.3…10 m, vertical speed (0.5…1).102 m/s, vertical acceleration (1…3).10-5 m/s2, path (1.5…4.5) m.
Ethical Standards and Accountability of Election Organizers in Handling Code of Ethics Violations in Makassar City
Authors: Pasalli Roy Pole , Ibrahim Muhammad Akman , Lambali Suryadi , Bachtiar Naylawati
Published: April 2024

The election organizing organization is one of the objects of public administration studies with problems related to ethics and accountability. If the ethical discourse in organizations revolves around the relationship between individuals, values, and the environment, then leadership can be seen as distilling those factors in an individual. One of the district/city-level election organizers, namely the Makassar City KPU, has a significant number of cases of ethical violations by ad hoc bodies. This violation indeed cannot be separated from the leadership of the Makassar City KPU in handling it. This research uses qualitative methods with a case study design. Data collection techniques are carried out by in-depth interviews and document studies. Data was analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the Makassar City KPU is still partial in showing the characteristics of ethical leadership by Trevino et al. (2003) in the aspects of setting ethical standards and accountability. This is because the Makassar City KPU generally has moral standards and rules for handling ethical violations contained in PKPU No. 8 of 2022. However, the Makassar City KPU still needs to comply with these rules. This is shown from several cases of ethical violations, where the Makassar City KPU was again reported to the DKPP based on procedural non-compliance with KPU Decree No. 337/HK.06.2-Kpt/01/KPU/VII/2020, which contains related to handling violations of the Code of ethics by ad hoc bodies. In addition, implementing ethical standards and managing ethical violations must also be based on local culture, namely siri' culture in the people of Makassar. However, this has not been practiced well by the Makassar City KPU, so it is prone to causing miscommunication and offense between parties.
MEMENANGKAN PERSAINGAN MELALUI RESIZE PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI STRATEGI FOKUS BIAYA RENDAH
Authors: Pranadita Nugraha , Rahayu Agus , Wibowo Lili Adi , Purnama Ridwan
Published: April 2024

Kegunaan penelitian dari segi kebijakan adalah dapat dirumuskannya kebijakan yang relevan oleh pimpinan perusahaan yang dapat menjawab tantangan lingkungan industri, baik jangka pendek, jangka menengah, maupun jangka panjang. Kebijakan pimpinan perusahaan tersebut semata-mata ditujukan untuk mengimplementasikan visi, misi, dan tujuan perusahaan secara komprehensif dan berkesinambungan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Adalah suatu hal yang tidak mudah bagi peneliti yang akan melakukan penelian kualitatif untuk menentukan di awal penelitiannya mengenai tipe data yang akan dipergunakan dan teknik penelitiannya.
PENGARUH PROMOSI, CITA RASA, DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN HUB D'RAJA COFFEE MEDA
Authors: Johan Ricky , Hoki Leony , Johan Ricky
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh promosi, cita rasa dan harga terhadap kepuasan konsumen di D’Raja Coffee Medan. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. jenis data yang digunakan adalah jenis data kuantitatif  yaitu data  yang diperoleh dalam bentuk angka atau bilangan. Sumber data berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden, data sekunder diperoleh dari data atau studi pustaka terdahulu. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen D’Raja Coffee.Teknik penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah rumus Lemeshow populasi tidak diketahui dengan toleransi 10% sehingga diperoleh 97 responden. Pengujian data dilakukan dengan uji validitas, reliabilitas, asumsi klasik, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Cita rasa berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Harga berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan secara parsial terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Promosi, Cita Rasa, dan Harga berpengaruh positif secara simultan terhadap kepuasan konsumen dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 52,6%.
Ahuehuete, Water Elder
Authors: López Toledano Max D.
Published: April 2024

Santa María del Tule, Oaxaca, Mexico faced a unique dilemma in 2022. An unprecedented drought forced the community to choose between providing water to its residents or to the Tule Tree, which makes Tule a touristic destination by virtue of being the stoutest tree in the world. Considering that over 75 per cent of the people in Tule depend on tourism for income, the drought highlighted the interdependence between Tule’s human residents and the Tule tree. The drought announced the ecological precarity that Tule will be subjected to in coming years, making the future a rather uncertain horizon. Despite this, people in Santa María del Tule are willing to hope for better times. Tule residents find hope in ‘comunalidad’, a widespread value in the state of Oaxaca that is oriented towards autonomous governance and collective action.