bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the morphology and thermomechanical properties of poly(urethane-siloxane) networks based on hyperbranched polyester
Authors: Pergal Marija , Dzunuzovic Jasna , Spírková Milena , Poręba Rafal , Steinhart Milos , Pergal Miodrag , Ostojic Sanja
Published: April 2013

Two series of polyurethane films based on hyperbranched polyester of the
second pseudogeneration (Boltorn?), 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate and
two different siloxane prepolymers, ?,?-dihydroxy-(ethylene
oxide-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-ethylene oxide) (EO-PDMS-EO) and
?,?-dihydroxypropyl-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (HP-PDMS), were prepared by
two-step polymerization in solution. The influence of the type and content of
soft segment on the morphology, thermomechanical and surface properties of
the synthesized polyurethanes was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM),
small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and water absorption measurements.
It was found that these techniques confirmed existence of microphase
separated morphology. Synthesized polyurethanes exhibited two glass
transition temperatures and one second relaxation process. The results showed
that polyurethanes based on HP-PDMS had higher surface roughness, better
microphase separation and waterproof performances. Samples synthesized with
lower PDMS content had less hydrophobic surface, but higher crosslinking
density and better thermomechanical properties. (Projekat Ministarstva nauke
Republike Srbije, br. 172062]
Teoretyczne aspekty prac syntaktycznych Ireny Grickat
Authors: Topolińska Zuzanna
Published: April 2013

We wszystkich pracach syntaktycznych Grickat w centrum uwagi autorki znajduje
si? sk?adnia wsp??czesnego j?zyka serbskiego i historia sk?adni tego j?zyka,
a raczej, dok?adniej: semantyka i pragmatyka wybranych konstrukcji
morfosyntaktycznych w historii i w dniu dzisiejszym j?zyka serbskiego.
Grickat wprawdzie nie pos?uguje si? terminem ?morfosyntaksa?, jednak
regularnie bierze pod uwag? zmienno?c wyk?adnik?w morfologicznych badanych
konstrukcji i pragmatyczn? motywacj? tej zmienno?ci, m. in. tzw. ?znaczenie
leksykalne? zaanga?owanych w tych konstrukcjach leksem?w. Charakterystyczny
jest dla niej ca?o?ciowy ogl?d tekstu j?zykowego na wszystkich poziomach
jego struktury formalnej, co zreszt? sama niejednokrotnie stwierdza
expressis verbis.
Pabrstinje: Praslavjanskij relikt na slavjanskom juge
Authors: Bjeletic Marta
Published: April 2013

V stat'e rassmatrivaetsja etimologija serbskogo dialektnogo suscestvitel'nogo
pabrstinje ?ostatki konopli?.
All researches conducted so far the influence of the Romanian language on the lexicon of the Serbian vernaculars in the Romanian Banat
Authors: Bosnjakovic Zarko , Radan Mihaj
Published: April 2013

The authors present the synthetic review of literature about the Serbian
vernaculars in Romania with the special emphasis on the lexical interference
with the Romanian language and its Banat dialect. The paper also points to
the semantic fields in which foreign lexemes apper, as well to the periods
of their incorporation in the Serbian vernaculars. A special aspect of the
analysis represents a status of foreign lexical items in the idiolect. At
the end, the autors plead for the elaboration of the contactological
Romanian-Serbian dictionary.
Slaveno-Serbian language: Between simplicity and perfection
Authors: Ivanova Najda
Published: April 2013

In the studies on Slaveno-Serbian period of the history of Serbian literary
language one discrepancy is examined. The latter refers to the key role of
the aforementioned period for the integration of Serbian society to the
values of rationalism and Enlightment and the imposed negative stereotypes of
Slaveno Serbian written praxis as deprived of norm and codification
respectively. As long as this hybrid type of literary language derives under
the predominant influence of extra linguistic factors, it cannot be
investigated neither from the perspective of contemporary views on
unification and stability of literary norm, nor by implementing methods of
historical dialectology and historical grammar. In the recent paper the
regulating role of stylistic conventions of the period in question in using
language elements of different origin is emphasized. Then, the necessity of
examining discoursively determined selective position of the writers on
language and literature development as well as on sociocultural processes in
Serbian society are outlined.
Kommunikativno-funkcional'naja specifika kosvennyh recevyh aktov so znaceniem pobuzdenija
Authors: Maslova Alina
Published: April 2013

V dannoj stat'e predprinjata popytka rassmotret'
kommunikativno-funkcional'nuju specifiku pobuditel'nyh kosvennyh recevyh
aktov. Fatika bolee prisposoblena k kosvennomu sposobu vyrazenija, cem
informatika. V issledovanii ustanovleno, cto vyskazyvanija ili ego
komponenty, nosjascie faticeskij harakter, predstavljajut soboj osobuju
gruppu kosvennyh recevyh aktov, v tom cisle i pobuditel'nyh. Na materiale
russkogo, serbskogo i bolgarskogo jazykov v sopostavitel'nom aspekte
rassmotreno funkcionirovanie jazykovyh sredstv, v castnosti glagolov
sluhovogo i zritel'nogo vosprijatija, realizujuscih odnovremenno faticeskuju
i imperativnuju funkcii.
Dvesti let knige Savy Mrkalja "Salo debeloga jera libo azbukoprotres"(1810-2010)
Authors: Mladenovic Aleksandar
Published: April 2013

V nastojascej rabote avtor obrascaet vnimanie citatelej na reformu serbskoj
kirillicy Savvy Mrkalja, provedennoj v 1810 godu v knige, ukazannoj vyse v
nazvanii. Eto pervaja vseohvatyvajuscaja reforma serbskoj azbuki, kotoruju
Vuk Karadzic prinjal v 1814 g. i dvazdy ee dorabatyval (1814 i 1818 g. g.),
dovedja takim obrazom serbskuju kirillicu do ee polnogo soversenstva.
Krome togo, avtor dannoj raboty otmecaet, cto Savva Mrkal' v 1817 godu ne
otkazalsja ot reformirovannoj im v 1810 g. kirillicy, cto emu v serbskoj
nauke XX veka desjateletijami pripisyvalos' neargumentirovanno i
nespravedlivo. Savva Mrkal' v 1817 godu otcasti izmenil svoju poziciju v
otnosenii bukvy'', no eta edinicnaja detal' nikak ne mozet oznacat' ego
otkaz ot ego polnoj reformy kirillicy.
Opuscenie vspomogatel'nogo glagola "byt'" v prosedsem vremeni v lehitskih jazykah
Authors: Nomati Motoki
Published: April 2013

V dannoj stat'e rassmatrivaetsja ellipsis vspomogatel'nogo glagola ?byt'? pri
obrazovanii formy prosedsego vremeni v tak nazyvaemyh lehitskih jazykah.
Proanalizirovav sinhroniceskie i diahroniceskie materialy polabskogo,
kasubskogo i slovinskogo jazykov, avtor prisel k vyvodu, cto ellipsis
vspomogatel'nogo glagola ?byt'? javljaetsja rezul'tatom grammatikalizacii
mestoimenija kak pokazatelja lica prosedsego vremeni i v slovinskom jazyke
stepen' grammatikalizacii dannoj konstrukcii vyse, cem v kasubskom i
polabskom jazykah.
Dahija and daija - "A tyrant" and "A hero"
Authors: Petrovic Snezana
Published: April 2013

The noun dahija ?head of the janissary; tyrant? is present in Serbian
primarily as a title of the characters from the popular epic poetry and
literature from the 19th century, although it is not frequently used in the
standard language any more. A form daija ?hero, knight?, on the other hand,
is attested only in two Serbian dialectal dictionaries from the region of
Kosovo and Metohija. The paper analyzes forms, meanings and the etymology of
those two words. Discussed are the reasons for the appearance of the
non-etymological h in the widespread form dahija. Enlightened are historical,
cultural and linguistic circumstances that lead to the borrowing of these two
words in different, even opposite, meanings.
Fuzzy logic in linguistics: Its basic concepts and terminology
Authors: Radovanovic Milorad
Published: April 2013

In this article the implementation of fuzzy logic in linguistics is
concerned, with special reference to so-called ?fuzzy linguistics? and
?cognitive linguistics?. In this respect, some basic concepts and terms are
discussed: antonymy (including both gradable and non-gradable antonyms),
scales (scalar systems, monoscalar systems, biscalar systems, overlapping
scalar systems), qualitative / quantitative scalar adjustment, zero value /
point (including subterm, supraterm, mid-zone), granularity,
transcategorization, conversion, open categories, fuzzy boundaries,
prototypes, centre and periphery, vagueness, an so on.
Sud'ba soglasnogo h v dokumente Pastrovske isprave (XVI-XIX vv.)
Authors: Stojanovic Elica
Published: April 2013

V nastojascej rabote predstavleno issledovanie sud'by soglasnogo h v
dokumente Pastrovske isprave (XVI-XIX vv.). Rassmatrivajutsja raznye pozicii
soglasnogo h v slove: inicial'naja, medial'naja i final'naja, t. e. primery
sohranenija soglasnogo, ego utraty ili zameny drugimi soglasnymi. Avtor
predprinjal popytku osvetit' dannyj vopros v sopostavitel'nom dialektnom i
diahroniceskom aspektah. Na osnove izucennogo materiala bylo vyjavleno, cto
soglasnyj h v osnovnom sohranjaetsja vo vseh pozicijah v slove, no v toze
vremja vo vseh pozicijah vstrecajutsja i edinicnye slucai utratyh ili zameny
ego drugimi soglasnymi: g, f, k; v nekotoryh slucajah zijanie kompensiruetsja
soglasnym v.
Predstavlenie sub''ekta i ob''ekta pri nominalizacii
Authors: Tanasic Sreto
Published: April 2013

V rabote govoritsja o sud'be sub''ekta i ob''ekta pri nominalizacii predikata
v sovremennom serbskom literaturnom jazyke. Kogda v predlozenii skazuemoe
zamenjaetsja otglagol'nym suscestvitel'nym, svedenija o sub''ekte i ob''ekte
predlozenija s glagol'nym predikatom mogut sohranit'sja, no pri etom oni
vyrazajutsja sintaksemami, kotorye naprjamuju zavisjat uze ne ot glagola, a
ot suscestvitel'nogo. Casce vsego na sub''ekt i ob''ekt ukazyvaet forma
roditel'nogo padeza s posessivnym znaceniem i pritjazatel'noe prilagatel'noe.
Obe dannye formy ispol'zujutsja i dlja vyrazenija znacenija sub''ekta pri
nominalizacii neperehodnyh glagolov. Pri nominalizacii vyskazyvanij s
perehodnym glagolom, kogda neobhodimo eksplicitno vyrazit' i sub''ektnoe, i
ob''ektnoe znacenie, dannye dve edinicy raspredeljajutsja po sledujuscemu
principu: na sub''ekt ukazyvaetsja pritjazatel'nym prilagatel'nym (ili
mestoimeniem), a na ob''ektformoj roditel'nogo padeza s posessivnym
znaceniem. Posessivnyj roditel'nyj padez licnyh mestoimenij ne
ispol'zuetsja. Esli ze v nominalizirovannom vyskazyvanii odin iz etih
elementov ne vyrazen, togda dannoe pravilo ne dejstvuet. Analiz pokazal, cto
obe sintaksiceskie edinicy upotrebljajutsja dlja ukazanija na sub''ektnoe i
ob''ektnoe znacenie. Suscestvujut razlicnye faktory, kotorye vlijajut na
vybor dannyh sredstv. Pojavlenie formy roditel'nogo padeza pri nalicii
otglagol'nogo suscestvitel'nogo ne daet svedenij o tom, vyrazaet li ob''ekt
dejstvija cast' celogo ili celoe. Analiz takze pokazal, cto v processe
nominalizacii ispol'zuetsja i glagol'noe dekomponirovanie. Pri nalicii
otglagol'nyh suscestvitel'nyh togda mozet byt' drugoe resenie dlja
ukazanija na ob''ektnoe znacenie. V rabote podtverzdaetsja mnenie, cto formy
roditel'nogo padeza dlja ukazanija i na sub''ekt, i na ob''ekt dejstvija ne
vsegda stojat posle otglagol'nyh suscestvitel'nyh. Odnako pokazatel'no, cto
sub''ekt dejstvija, kogda on odnovremenno javljaetsja i prjamym agensom,
vyrazaetsja konstrukciej od (strane) + roditel'nyj padez, kotoraja v
sovremennom serbskom jazyke ispol'zuetsja dlja vyrazenija agensa passivnyh
predlozenij so stradatel'nym pricastiem. Dannaja konstrukcija upotrebljaetsja
i v teh slucajah, kogda dve drugie mogut vypolnit' ukazannuju funkciju, no
inogda ona javljaetsja edinstvennym vozmoznym sredstvom dlja vyrazenija
dannoj funkcii. Konstrukcija vsegda stoit sprava ot otglagol'nogo
suscestvitel'nogo.
Koncepcija suppletivizma v rossijskoj grammaticeskoj tradicii (na serbskom materiale)
Authors: Tjapko Galina
Published: April 2013

S vvedenija v naucnyj oborot termina "suppletivizm" proslo bolee dvuh
stoletij, no do sih por eto odno iz samyh neopredelennyh ponjatij. Eto
svjazano s tem, cto v issledovanijah suppletivizma soslis' dva napravlenija -
sravnitel'no-istoriceskoe (diahroniceskoe) i "funkcional'noe" (sinhronnoe).
Oba napravlenija issledujut edinicy jazyka, obrazovannye "ne po pravilu",
otnosjasciesja k "dopolnitel'noj distribucii". Odnako otbor edinic
osuscestvljaetsja imi po raznym kriterijam i iz raznyh kontinuumov.
Znacitel'nyj vklad v razrabotku problematiki suppletivnyh otnosenij vnesli
rossijskie ucenye, izmenivsie predstavlenie o suppletivizme kak ob uzkom,
perezitocnom i zastyvsem javlenii. Oni pokazali prikladnuju cennost' uceta
suppletivnyh otnosenij - pri razrabotke jazyka leksikograficeskih definicij,
v soversenstvovanii programm masinnogo perevoda, v aspekte kul'tury reci, v
prepodavanii jazyka. Eto i opredelilo temu stat'i, v kotoroj dan kriticeskij
analiz raznyh podhodov k opredeleniju suppletivizma, sformirovavsihsja v
otecestvennoj nauke. V stat'e pokazana postepennaja transformacija cisto
istoriceskogo vzgljada na suppletivizm i perehod k ego funkcional'noj
interpretacii - s oporoj na sistemnye svjazi sovremennogo jazyka.
Predstavlena argumentacija storonnikov vkljucenija v sostav suppletivov
raznourovnevyh edinic, a takze par iz odnoslovnyh i analiticeskih
sostavljajuscih. Podtverzdaetsja zavisimost' suppletivizma ot tipologiceskih
osobennostej jazyka, opredeljajutsja faktory, regulirujuscie stepen' ego
prozracnosti.
Early Postnatal Nutrition Determines Adult Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure in Female Mice
Authors: Li Ge , Kohorst John J. , Zhang Wenjuan , Laritsky Eleonora , Kunde-Ramamoorthy Govindarajan , Baker Maria S. , Fiorotto Marta L. , Waterland Robert A.
Published: April 2013

Decades of research in rodent models has shown that early postnatal overnutrition induces excess adiposity and other components of metabolic syndrome that persist into adulthood. The specific biologic mechanisms explaining the persistence of these effects, however, remain unknown. On postnatal day 1 (P1), mice were fostered in control (C) or small litters (SL). SL mice had increased body weight and adiposity at weaning (P21), which persisted to adulthood (P180). Detailed metabolic studies indicated that female adult SL mice have decreased physical activity and energy expenditure but not increased food intake. Genome-scale DNA methylation profiling identified extensive changes in hypothalamic DNA methylation during the suckling period, suggesting that it is a critical period for developmental epigenetics in the mouse hypothalamus. Indeed, SL mice exhibited subtle and sex-specific changes in hypothalamic DNA methylation that persisted from early life to adulthood, providing a potential mechanistic basis for the sustained physiological effects. Expression profiling in adult hypothalamus likewise provided evidence of widespread sex-specific alterations in gene expression. Together, our data indicate that early postnatal overnutrition leads to a reduction in spontaneous physical activity and energy expenditure in females and suggest that early postnatal life is a critical period during which nutrition can affect hypothalamic developmental epigenetics.
Effect of Losartan on Prevention and Progression of Early Diabetic Nephropathy in American Indians With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Weil E. Jennifer , Fufaa Gudeta , Jones Lois I. , Lovato Tracy , Lemley Kevin V. , Hanson Robert L. , Knowler William C. , Bennett Peter H. , Yee Berne , Myers Bryan D. , Nelson Robert G.
Published: April 2013

Angiotensin receptor blockers are renoprotective in hypertensive azotemic patients with type 2 diabetes, but their efficacy in early diabetic kidney disease is uncertain. We performed a 6-year randomized clinical trial in 169 American Indians with type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria (albumin/creatinine ratio [ACR] <30 mg/g; n = 91) or microalbuminuria (ACR 30–299 mg/g; n = 78) at baseline. The primary outcome was decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to ≤60 mL/min or to half the baseline value in subjects who entered with GFR <120 mL/min. Another outcome was differences in glomerular structure at end of treatment. Subjects received 100 mg losartan or placebo daily. GFR was measured annually; 111 subjects underwent kidney biopsies. Only nine subjects reached the GFR outcome, and the unadjusted hazard ratio (losartan vs. placebo) was 0.50 (95% CI, 0.12–1.99). Differences in mesangial fractional volume were not estimated in the combined albuminuria groups because of an interaction with treatment assignment. In separate analyses, mesangial fractional volume was lower in subjects treated with losartan in the microalbuminuria group (18.8 vs. 25.6%; P = 0.02), but not in the normoalbuminuria group (19.6 vs. 17.8%; P = 0.86). Treatment with losartan may preserve some features of kidney structure in American Indians with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
Facebook use among early-career veterinarians in Ontario, Canada (March to May 2010)
Authors: Weijs Cynthia A. , Coe Jason B. , Christofides Emily , Muise Amy , Desmarais Serge
Published: April 2013

Objective—To explore the nature and content of information publicly posted to Facebook by early-career veterinarians.

Design—Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Sample—352 early-career veterinarians.

Procedures—Publicly accessible Facebook profiles were searched online from March to May 2010 for profiles of early-career veterinarians (graduates from 2004 through 2009) registered with the College of Veterinarians of Ontario, Canada. The content of veterinarians’ Facebook profiles was evaluated and then categorized as low, medium, or high exposure in terms of the information a veterinarian had publicly posted to Facebook. Through the use of content analysis, high-exposure profiles were further analyzed for publicly posted information that may have posed risks to an individual's or the profession's public image.

Results—Facebook profiles for 352 of 494 (71%) registered early-career veterinarians were located. One-quarter (25%) of profiles were categorized as low exposure (ie, high privacy), over half (54%) as medium exposure (ie, medium privacy), and 21% as high exposure (ie, low privacy). Content analysis of the high-exposure profiles identified publicly posted information that may pose risks to an individual's or the profession's reputation, including breaches of client confidentiality, evidence of substance abuse, and demeaning comments toward others.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Almost a quarter of veterinarians’ Facebook profiles viewed in the present study contained publicly available content of a questionable nature that could pose a risk to the reputation of the individual, his or her practice, or the veterinary profession. The increased use of Facebook and all types of social media points to the need for raised awareness by veterinarians of all ages of how to manage one's personal and professional identities online to minimize reputation risks for individuals and their practices and to protect the reputation and integrity of the veterinary profession.
Safety and efficacy of spinosad chewable tablets for treatment of flea infestations of cats
Authors: Paarlberg Tandy E. , Wiseman Scott , Trout Candace M. , Kee Elizabeth A. , Snyder Daniel E.
Published: April 2013

Objective—To compare safety and efficacy of spinosad and selamectin and determine effects of those products on flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) in cats.

Design—Randomized clinical trial.

Animals—211 client-owned cats.

Procedures—Cats with ≥ 5 fleas evaluated at 8 veterinary clinics were allocated to receive spinosad (50 to 100 mg/kg [22.7 to 45.5 mg/lb], PO; n = 139) or selamectin (≥ 6 mg/kg [≥ 2.7 mg/lb], topically; 72) once per month. Flea comb counts and FAD scores were determined on day −1, between days 27 and 33, and between days 85 and 95 (evaluations 1, 2, and 3, respectively); day 0 was the first day of drug administration.

Results—The most common adverse event was vomiting (14.3% and 2.4% of spinosad- and selamectin-treated cats, respectively). Evaluation 2 and 3 geometric mean flea counts for spinosad-treated cats were significantly lower than those for selamectin-treated cats. Percentage reductions in flea counts for the spinosad and selamectin groups were 97.5% and 88.8% (evaluation 2) and 99.3% and 97.7% (evaluation 3), respectively. At evaluations 2 and 3, 70.6% and 92.6% of spinosad-treated cats and 29.4% and 64.7% of selamectin-treated cats were free of fleas, respectively. Weighted FAD scores for spinosad- and selamectin-treated cats decreased 94.2% and 80.0% during the study, respectively. Spinosad tablets were successfully administered during 98.1% of treatments.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of this study indicated spinosad and selamectin both reduced flea counts and FAD scores for cats, although spinosad was more effective. Monthly oral administration of spinosad may be practical for treatment of flea infestations and FAD in cats.
Outcome following gastrointestinal tract decontamination and intravenous fluid diuresis in cats with known lily ingestion: 25 cases (2001–2010)
Authors: Bennett Alice J. , Reineke Erica L.
Published: April 2013

Objective—To describe the outcome of cats treated with gastrointestinal tract decontamination, IV fluid diuresis, or both after ingestion of plant material from lilies of the Lilium and Hemerocallis genera.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—25 cats evaluated after ingestion of lily plants.

Procedures—Medical records of cats examined at the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania with known lily ingestion between July 2001 and April 2010 were reviewed. Inclusion in the study required evidence of lily plant ingestion within the preceding 48 hours. Type of lily ingested, time of ingestion, gastrointestinal tract decontamination procedures performed, and IV fluid diuresis were recorded. The presence or absence of acute kidney injury was determined by evaluating BUN concentration, creatinine concentration, and urine specific gravity. Outcome was defined as survival to discharge, death, or euthanasia.

Results—The time from ingestion until evaluation at the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania ranged from < 30 minutes to 48 hours. Nineteen cats received gastrointestinal tract decontamination (18 cats at our hospital and 1 cat by the referring veterinarian). Twenty-three cats were admitted to the hospital for IV fluid diuresis, supportive care, and monitoring. Seventeen of these 23 (74%) cats had normal BUN and creatinine concentrations throughout hospitalization. At the time of discharge from the hospital, 2 of the 23 (9%) hospitalized cats had an increased BUN concentration, creatinine concentration, or both. All 25 (100%) cats survived to discharge from the hospital.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In this series of cats treated with gastrointestinal tract decontamination, IV fluid diuresis, or both within 48 hours after lily ingestion, the outcome was good, with a low incidence of acute kidney injury. Future studies are needed to determine the most effective gastrointestinal tract decontamination procedures and optimal duration of IV fluid therapy.
Comparison of phenylephrine administration and exercise versus phenylephrine administration and a rolling procedure for the correction of nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon in horses: 88 cases (2004–2010)
Authors: Fultz Lisa E. , Peloso John G. , Giguère Steeve , Adams Aric R.
Published: April 2013

Objective—To compare the outcome of horses with nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon (NSELC) that were treated nonsurgically by IV administration of phenylephrine and exercise with that of horses treated by IV administration of phenylephrine and a rolling procedure under general anesthesia.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—88 horses with NSELC.

Procedures—Horses examined between 2004 and 2010 because of acute abdominal pain that had NSELC on the basis of findings on abdominal palpation per rectum, abdominal ultrasonography, or both were included. Medical records were reviewed to obtain information on treatment (IV administration of phenylephrine and exercise vs IV administration of phenylephrine and a rolling procedure) and outcome.

Results—Overall, 85% (75/88) of horses with NSELC responded to exercise or rolling under general anesthesia. The success rate of rolling under general anesthesia (42/50 [84%]) was significantly higher than the success rate of exercise after IV administration of phenylephrine (24/38 [63.2%]). Resolution of NSELC was achieved by rolling under general anesthesia in 8 of 14 horses that initially failed to resolve with exercise.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—A rolling procedure performed under general anesthesia had a higher success rate than exercise after IV phenylephrine administration for resolution of NSELC in horses, suggesting that rolling could be considered as the initial medical treatment. The rolling procedure may be labor intensive and should only be attempted in a surgical facility in the event that exploratory laparotomy is required
Description of a Weight-Bearing Method to Assess Hip Abductor and External Rotator Muscle Performance
Authors: Lee Szu-Ping , Powers Christopher
Published: April 2013

Study Design

Measurements, descriptive.

Objectives

To describe a weight-bearing method to assess bilateral hip abductor and external rotator muscle performance.

Background

The hip abductors and external rotators are important in maintaining lower extremity alignment during weight-bearing tasks. As such, there is a need for a method to assess hip muscle performance in weight bearing.

Methods

The weight-bearing method of assessing hip muscle performance utilized a force transducer connected to a nonstretchable fabric strap positioned around the distal ends of both thighs (proximal to the lateral epicondyles). The force generation capacity was recorded with the participants in a semi-squat position (30° of hip flexion and 50° of knee flexion). To establish the reliability of the measurement, 20 participants were tested on 2 separate days, and intraclass correlation coefficient (model 3,1) and standard error of measurement were calculated to evaluate test-retest reliability and intersession consistency. The level of agreement between the muscle performance values obtained using the weight-bearing method and the traditional non-weight-bearing method of testing hip abduction in sidelying (dynamometer) was assessed using a linear correlation model.

Results

The weight-bearing method of assessing hip muscle performance was reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99; 95% confidence interval: 0.97, 0.99) and consistent (standard error of measurement, 0.02 N/kg). The measured strength using the weight-bearing method was moderately associated with hip abduction strength values measured in non-weight bearing (r = 0.75, P<.01).

Conclusion

The proposed weight-bearing method of assessing hip abductor and external rotator muscle performance can be used as a simple, economic, and reliable method to assess hip muscle strength. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(6):392–397. Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4412
Listening In … to Gang Culture
Authors: Beare Margaret E. , Hogg Chris
Published: April 2013

The article introduces a unique method for attempting to understand the environments within which street gangs operate. By analysing police wiretaps the authors explore gang street codes, violence in prison, and drug trafficking. They conclude that gang membership seldom provides the supportive, family-type advantages that entice youth into belonging but rather are characterized more by tension, violence, and betrayal, both from rival gangs and from fellow gang members. While generalizability of the findings is limited, the gang leaders captured in these conversations may not be easily dissuaded from gang membership, and therefore the emphasis must be on preventing the recruitment of new members. As supported by other research, the policy implications that flow from these findings are the need for a better balance between enforcement dollars (gangs ’n’ guns policing) and a greater allocation of funds into “real” job creation programs, accessible mental health support, adequate and affordable housing, well-funded social service agencies, in addition to policing that is committed to working in support of these communities.
The Driest Cold: Surviving as a Theatre Artist in a “Cold Climate”
Authors: Nolan Yvette , Adams Philip
Published: April 2013

One of the benefits of moving to Saskatchewan as a playwright, director, or actor is being able to experiment with new or hybrid approaches to dramatic work like Ken Mitchell’s constantly evolving Medicine Line. However, like that play with one foot in the past and one foot in the present, the attraction to Saskatchewan also derives from key elements in the “old Saskatchewan.” That includes the formidable history and ongoing developmental programs of the Saskatchewan Playwrights Centre, but it also encompasses the centre-piece of traditional indigenous and farming culture—a more immediate and sympathetic connection with the natural environment, traditional ways, and the land.
Linking Who We Are and Where We Are: Saskatchewan’s Legacy of Community and Site-oriented Performance
Authors: Badham Marnie , Irwin Kathleen , Van Fossen Rachael
Published: April 2013

In Saskatchewan, Common Weal Community Arts, born in the 1990s under Rachael Van Fossen and subsequently led by Marnie Badham, used the community event to promote social and cultural understanding between diverse communities in rural and urban settings to promote social change. Since 2002, Knowhere Productions Inc. has used site and community to investigate physical and conceptual space through large-scale performances that explore the relationship between people, memories, landscape and the anachronism of performing one’s place in the world in the age of hyperconnectivity. Through collaborative and non-matrixed performances, both companies address the meaning(s) of belonging by amplifying the multiplicity of voices from certain places and cultures across rural / urban differentiations through new media and innovative processes. This article explores aesthetic and communal practices within a socio-historic context and grounded in a perception of the land as a potent and persistent actant in place making and playmaking.
Playwriting in the New Saskatchewan: A Round-table Discussion That Didn’t Really Happen
Authors: Burke Kelley Jo
Published: April 2013

Almost twenty years ago, while visiting Toronto, writer Kelley Jo Burke was asked, in essence, What was she thinking, living in the middle of nothing, and as far as humanly possible from any significant theatrical something? According to the wisdom of the (Toronto) time, Saskatchewan, with its paltry number of stages, tiny theatrical community, and rural sensibilities, was no place for an ambitious playwright to ply her craft. In a Canada where suddenly Saskatchewan is an economic star, is Saskatchewan still a place that playwrights have to leave, to succeed? And if so, why do so many stay? In this article, a cross section of current and future Saskatchewan playwrights discuss playwriting in the “New Saskatchewan” and look at what has changed and what remains the same.
Identifying the Needs of Veterinary Students and Recent Alumni in Establishing a Student Service Center
Authors: Lord Linda K. , Brandt Jennifer C. , Newhart Daniel W.
Published: April 2013

Quality service for students has been identified as an important theme of higher education. In pursuing the aim of service quality, educational providers have long recognized that perceptions of service transcend the area of quality teaching and encompass the students' overall experience within the university. This article investigates the types of services that would be most beneficial to students, from the perspective of both current students and recent alumni. A cross-sectional survey of all students was conducted using an online survey. A separate survey was also conducted of alumni from the last five graduating classes. From these surveys, 94.0% of student respondents and 91.9% of alumni respondents strongly agreed with the statement “It is important for the OSU CVM (Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine) to provide on-site comprehensive student services.” Both groups ranked job postings for post-graduation employment, fourth-year off-site rotation opportunities, and financial planning/budgeting among their top ranked preferred services. In addition, requests for continued or enhanced interviewing/communication skills training; individual mental, emotional, and spiritual counseling; and individual and group tutoring were predominant themes identified from the qualitative data as well as the Likert-scale questions. The findings from the study sheds light on the need for comprehensive services for veterinary students beyond those services traditionally provided in an academic setting, such as tutoring and course advising.
Registration of ‘CPCL 02‐1295’ Sugarcane
Authors: Gilbert Robert A. , Glynn Neil C. , Milligan Scott B. , Zhao Duli , Comstock Jack C. , Glaz Barry , Edmé Serge J. , Davidson R. Wayne , Sood Sushma , Hu Chen-Jian
Published: April 2013

Research to develop ‘CPCL 02‐1295’ (Reg. No. CV‐151, PI 664937) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was initiated by the United States Sugar Corporation (USSC) and completed cooperatively by the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc. CPCL 02‐1295 was released to growers in Florida on 20 Sept. 2011. CPCL 02‐1295 was selected from a cross of ‘CP 88‐1762’ × genotype CL 91‐1637 made at Clewiston, FL on 26 Dec. 2001. The female parent, CP 88‐1762, is a major commercial cultivar in Florida with high sucrose yields on both muck and sand soils, and it occupied 23.1% of the total Florida acreage in 2009. The male parent, CL 91‐1637, reached the final testing stage of the USSC breeding program due to high biomass yields but was never released commercially because of its low sucrose content. CPCL 02‐1295 is resistant to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), ratoon stunt disease (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtsuhenko et al.), and smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. & P. Sydow). CPCL 02‐1295 is moderately susceptible to leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson) and orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler). CPCL 02‐1295 is recommended for both organic (muck) and sand soils in Florida, where it had high plant‐cane tonnage and sucrose yields in our tests.
Variability in grain quality traits of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Parikh M , Rastogi NK , Sarawgi AK
Published: April 2013

The present study involved the evaluation of physio-chemical characters and cooking quality of 36 rice genotypes from Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. The fine grain genotypes like Rajim-12, Kalimuchh, and Munibhog were found good for moderate kernel length and L:B ratio; Rajabhog, Jhulari, and Baghmuchha for kernel length after cooking and L:B ratio of cooked rice Kalajira and Bikoni for head rice recovery%; Barang, Bantaphool, Gangabalu, and Bikoni for elongation ratio; Barang, Rajabhog, Gangabalu, Bikoni, and Chirainikhi for elongation index; Sonth, Rajim-12, Jhulari, Gangabalu, Jhilli Safri, and Bikoni for intermediate alkali values. These genotypes may be utilized as donors for improvement of quality traits. In the present study, superior genotypes were Rajm-12 for grain yield, kernel length, L:B ratio and kernel length after cooking; Rajabhog for grain yield, kernel length after cooking, L:B of cooked rice and elongation index; Bikoni for head rice recovery, elongation ratio, elongation index, and intermediate alkali values. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14352 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 551-558, December 2012
Evaluation of drill seeding patterns and nitrogen management strategies for wet and dry land rice
Authors: Ali M Akkas , Ladha JK , Rickman J , Lales JS , Alam M Murshedul
Published: April 2013

Many Asian farmers are shifting from rice transplanting to direct seeding because the latter requires less labour, time, drudgery, and cultivation cost. Direct seeding is usually practiced in either wet or dry land preparation depending on water availability. The present study aimed at evaluating the potential of single and paired rows drill seeding patterns and five N management strategies on crop productivity, N use-efficiency, and apparent N balance. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two seeding patterns as main plots and five N treatments as subplots with three replications. Drill seeding did not affect grain yield, water, and N use-efficiencies and N balance. Grain yield increased with LCC-based N management with the lower N fertilizer input. Soil available N after 2 years of rice cropping was similar to the amount at the beginning indicating most of applied fertilizer N was lost. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14374 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 559-571, December 2012
Combining ability analysis using CMS breeding system for developing hybrids in rice (Oriza sativa)
Authors: Ghosh Shyam Chandra , Chandrakar PK , Rastogi NK , Sharma D , Sarawgi AK
Published: April 2013

Using line x tester mating design with three CMS lines and seven elite testers, the general combining ability (GCA) of parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of crosses were carried out for grain yield and its attributes. The SCA variance was greater than the GCA variance for grain yield and yield components, suggesting the preponderance of dominance and epistatic gene action in expression of these traits. The line CRMS 31 A and IR 79156 A were recorded as good combiners for head rice recovery percent. The tester NPT 80-1 was good general combiner for grain yield per plant and TOX 981-11-2-3 for both grain yield per plant and head rice recovery percent. The cross combinations APMS 6 A/ET 1-13, CRMS 31 A/ET 1-12, and IR 79156 A/ NP T 80-1 were found to be outstanding with respect to grain yield per plant, head rice recovery percent, and spikelets per panicle. The cross APMS 6 A/NPT 2-2-694- 1 was good combiner for head rice recovery percent. These promising lines, testers, and crosses revealed wide scope for enhancing the grain yield in the CMS line or three line breeding system based rice improvement programme to develop rice hybrids. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14376 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 583-592, December 2012
Genetic diversity analysis of parental lines for hybrid development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Hasan MJ , Kulsum Umma , Rahman MMH , Chowdhury MMH , Chowdhury AZMKA
Published: April 2013

Genetic divergence of 40 parental lines comprising 30 restorer and 10 maintainer lines were studied through Mohalanobis's D2 and principal component analysis for eleven characters. Genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. Cluster V comprised maximum number of genotypes (thirteen) followed by cluster I and II. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between clusters I and V (13.495) indicating wide genetic diversity between these two clusters followed by the distance between cluster I and 11 (9.489), cluster IV, and cluster V (8.969) and cluster I and cluster III (8.039). The minimum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster III (3.034) followed by cluster 111 and cluster IV (3.834) and cluster II and cluster V (4.945) indicating that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically close. The intra cluster distance in the entire five clusters was more or less low which indicated that the genotypes within the same cluster were closely related. Among the characters panicle weight contributed most for divergence in the studied parental lines. Difference in cluster means existed for almost all the characters studied. Highest mean value for number of effective tillers (7.8), days to 50% flowering (95.5), panicles/m2 (192.6), panicle weight (2.9), spikelet fertility (84.8), number of grains/panicle (177.8), days to maturity (123.6), and grain yield/plot (1065.5) were observed in cluster I indicated the parental lines fallen in this cluster having the genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14386 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 617-624, December 2012
Suitability of intercropping of sesame with Mukhikachu
Authors: Islam MR , Mian MAK , Rahman MT
Published: April 2013

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh during 2008-09 and 2009-2010 to find out the suitable intercrop combination of sesame with mukhikachu for getting higher productivity and economic return. Five treatments comprised of T1 = sole mukhikachu (double row:20 cm/55 cm/20 cm × 45 cm), T2=sole sesame (30 cm×5 cm), T3 = mukhikachu (double row:20 cm/55 cm/20 cm × 45 cm) + one row sesame (30%), T4 = mukhikachu (double row:20 cm/55 cm/20 cm × 45 cm) + two row sesame (60%), and T5 = mukhikachu (double row:20 cm/55 cm/20 cm × 45 cm) + sesame broadcast (100%). The results showed that intercropping systems affected the cormel yield of mukhikachu and seed yield of sesame. Mukhikachu yield decreased with the increase of sesame population in intercropped combination. The highest mean mukhikachu equivalent yield (15.65 t/ha), land equivalent ratio (1.83), gross return (Tk.187585/ha), gross margin (Tk. 114265/ha), and benefit cost ratio (2.56) were obtained from two rows of sesame (30 cm × 5 cm) in between two double rows (20 cm/55 cm/20 cm × 45 cm) of mukhikachu. Sole crop of sesame gave the lowest mukhikachu equivalent yield (4.02 t/ha), gross return (Tk.48125/ha), gross margin (Tk. 19655/ha), and benefit cost ratio (1.69). Two years' study revealed that two rows of sesame (60%) in between two double rows (20 cm/55 cm/20 cm × 45 cm) of mukhikachu was found profitable intercropping combination. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14387 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 625-634, December 2012
Role of AMF on plant growth, nutrient uptake, arsenic toxicity and chlorophyll content of chili grown in arsenic amended soil
Authors: Elahi FE , Mridha MAU , Aminuzzaman FM
Published: April 2013

Mycorrhizal fungi have their most significant effect on plant growth and have shown to reduce arsenic contamination to chili. The present experiment was carried out to determine the influence of AMF inoculation on plant growth, nutrient uptake, arsenic toxicity, and chlorophyll content of chili grown in arsenic amended soil. Chili was grown in arsenic amended soils with or without mycorrhizal inoculation. Three levels of arsenic concentrations (10 ppm, 100 ppm, and 500 ppm) were used. The seed germination was affected more by the two treatment variables. Root length, shoot height, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight were higher in AMF inoculated plants in comparison to their respective treatments and decreased significantly with the increase rate of arsenic concentrations. Less arsenic content, higher chlorophyll, and nutrient uptake were recorded in mycorrhiza inoculated chili plants. The present findings indicated that AMP inoculation not only minimize arsenic toxicity, but also can increase growth and nutrient uptake of chili. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14388 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 635-644, December 2012
Effect of GA3 and row ratio of restorer (R) and CMS lines (A) on different characters and seed production of BRRI Hybrid Dhan2
Authors: Rahman MH , Khatun MM , Khan MSR , Mian MAK , Rasul MG
Published: April 2013

An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, during November to May 2009-10 to study the effect of GA3and row ratio of restorer and CMS lines on different characters and F1 seed production of BRRI hybrid dhan2. The treatments were of four levels of GA3 viz., (i) control, (ii) 150 g/ha, (iii) 250 g/ha, and (iv) 350 g/ha and five row ratios (R:A) viz., (i) 2:8, (ii) 2:10, (iii) 2:12, (iv) 2:14, and (v) 2:16. Different doses of GA3 ignificantly influenced growth and yield components of rice except total tillers/hill and 1000-grain weight. The highest F1 seed yield (2.34 t/ha) of BRRI hybrid dhan2 was obtained with an application of GA3 @ 250 g/ha which enhanced the maximum number of effective tillers, the highest number of grains/panicle, panicle exsertion rate and outcrossing rate. The lowest seed yield (1.10 t/ha) was produced without application of GA3 i.e., control. The row ratio of 2:12 and 2:8 produced the highest (2.05 t/ha) and the lowest (1.63 t/ha) F1seed yield, respectively. The interaction between GA3 and row ratio of restorer and CMS lines was significant for F1 seed yield. The highest F1 seed yield (2.90 t/ha) was obtained with the application of GA3 @ 250 g/ha at the row ratio of 2:12 (R: A). The lowest seed yield (0.95 t/ha) was recorded without application of GA3 (control) at row ratios of 2:16. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14391 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 665-676, December 2012
Response of mustard to boron fertilization
Authors: Rashid MH , Hasan MM , Ahmed M , Rahman MT , Rahman KAMM
Published: April 2013

A field experiment was carried out in non-Calcareous Floodplain Soil of Spices Research Sub-Station, Lalmonirhat under AEZ 2 during the rabi season of 2007- 2008 and 2008-09. The objectives were to evaluate the effect of boron on the yield of mustard and to screen out the suitable variety tested against different boron levels for maximizing yield. Three varieties of mustard viz., BARI Sharisha-11, 13, and 14 and 5 levels of boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg/ha) along with a blanket dose of N120 P35 K65 S20 Zn3.0 kg/ha were used in the study. Results revealed that BARI Sharisha-11 performed better with 1.5 kg B/ha which produced 1.82 t/ha seed. However, from regression analysis, a positive but quadratic relationship was observed between seed yield and boron levels. The optimum dose of boron was appeared to be 1.7 and 1.6 kg B/ha for Lalmonirhat during 2007-08 and 2008-09, respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14392 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 677-682, December 2012
Genotypic and phenotypic variability in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Majumder DAN , Hassan L , Rahim MA , Kabir MM
Published: April 2013

Sixty mango genotypes were studied to find out their variability, heritability, and genetic advance. Significant variations were observed in 20 characters. There were also considerable differences between the genotypic and the phenotypic coefficients of variation for almost all the characters which indicated the influence of environment on the expression of these traits. Among the studied characters, GCV and PCV were high for weight of harvested fruits per plant, % fruit harvest per inflorescence, % initial fruit set per inflorescence, number of fruits per plant and number of main branches per inflorescence. All the characters showed considerably high heritability which ranged from 56.21 to 98.24% and the genetic advance (as % of mean) was high for the maximum traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in weight of harvested fruits per plant, % initial fruit set per inflorescence, % of flowering shoot, number of inflorescences per shoot, percent fruit harvest per inflorescence, number of main branches per inflorescence, number of fruits per plant, number of inflorescences per shoot, plant height (cm), and percent perfect flowers which indicated that these characters were less influenced by environment confirming predominance of additive gene action and therefore, selection in favour of these characters would be feasible for yield improvement of mango. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14393 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 683-690, December 2012