bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Main sub-harmonic joint resonance of fractional quintic van der Pol-Duffing oscillator
Authors: Ren Zhongkai , Chen Jiazhao , Wang Tingyu , Zhang Zehua , Zhao Penghao , Liu Xiao , Xie Jiaquan
Published: May 2024

The main sub-harmonic joint resonance of the van der Pol-Duffing system with a quintic oscillator under dual-frequency excitation is investigated in this paper. The study examines the conditions for chaos and vibration resonance under different parameters. An approximate analytical solution for the principal sub-harmonic joint resonance of the system under dual-frequency excitation is obtained using the multi-scale method, while the Melnikov method provides necessary conditions for chaos in the system. Furthermore, based on the fast and slow variable separation method, vibration resonance of the system under various conditions is determined. Numerical simulations explore amplitude-frequency characteristics of total response at different excitation frequencies through analytical and simulation methods, with consistency between numerical and analytical results verified by plotting amplitude-frequency characteristic curves. Additionally, an analysis is conducted to investigate how fractional order, fractional differential coefficient, and cubic stiffness affect co-amplitude-frequency curves of the van der Pol-Duffing oscillator. The analysis reveals that a jump phenomenon exists in co-amplitude-harmonic resonance of this oscillator; moreover, changes in different parameters can alter both jump points and cause disappearance of such phenomena. Sub-critical fork bifurcation behavior as well as supercritical fork bifurcation behavior are studied along with vibration resonance caused by parameter variations. Results indicate that sub-critical fork bifurcation arises from changes in excitation term coefficient while supercritical fork bifurcation occurs due to fractional order variations. Furthermore, when different fractional order values are considered, there will be changes in resonance location, response amplitude gain, and vibration resonance mode within the system. The implementation of this measure enhances our comprehension of the vibration characteristics of the system, thereby refining the accuracy of the model and bolstering the stability of the system. Additionally, it serves as a preventive measure against resonance issues, which are particularly critical for mitigating the hazards associated with system resonance triggered by supercritical fork bifurcations. These hazards encompass potential structural damage and equipment failure.
Macro-chiral liquid crystal quantum dots enable large asymmetric circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Yu huanan , Zhang Kaige , Yu Qiqu , Zhang Jingji , Redshaw Carl , Chen Zhonghui , Zeng Jiaxuan , Sun Zixu , Xu Dongdong , Mehl Georg H
Published: May 2024

Circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials have garnered considerable interest for a variety of advanced optical applications, including three-dimensional (3D) imaging, data encryption, and asymmetric catalysis. However, the development of high-performce CPL has been hindered by the absence of simple synthetic methods for chiral luminescent emitters that exhibit both high quantum yields and dissymmetry factors. In this study, we present an innovative approach for the synthesis of macro-chiral liquid crystal quantum dots (Ch-QDs/LC) and their CPL performance enhancement through doping with 4-cyano-4’-pentylbiphenyl (5CB), thus yielding a spiral emission generator (SEG). The Ch-QDs/LCs were synthesized and their surfaces functionalized with a chiral mesogenic ligand, specifically cholesteryl benzoate, anchored via a lipoic acid linker. Under the regulation of chiral 2S-Zn2+ coordination complexes, the chiral LC encapsulation process promotes coordinated ligand substitution, resulting in an exceptional quantum yield of 56.3%. This is accompanied by high absorption dissymmetry factor (gabs) and luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) values ranging from 10-3 to 10-2, surpassing most reported dissymmetry factors by at least an order of magnitude. The modular Ch-QDs/LCs demonstrate the ability to transfer chirality to the surrounding medium efficiently and manifest macro-chiral characteristics within a nematic LC matrix. Utilizing Ch-QDs/LC as an effective CPL emitter within achiral 5CB matrices enabled the system to achieve a maximum glum of 0.35. The resultant SEG device acted as a direct CPL source, initiating enantioselective photopolymerization and, thus, paving the way for novel applications of chiroptical materials in practical optical devices.
Design of 2.45 GHz Rectifier for Low-Power RF Energy Harvesting Applications
Authors: Omara Fayrouz , Ali Wael , Eltrass Ahmed , Abbasy Nabil
Published: May 2024

The rising demand across various applications has spurred growth in the energy harvesting, which is a novel means to generate energy and provide energy to low-power devices utilizing the available resources. The primary part of energy harvesting systems that convert RF energy to DC power from existing sources is known as a rectifier. The objective of this study is to create an innovative rectifying circuit designed for energy harvesting at 2.45 GHz. The primary aim is to enhance the output voltage compared to existing rectifier circuits such as the Dickson and Cockcroft-Walton configurations. The proposed rectifier circuit exhibits exceptional output threshold and maximum output voltage. Moreover, it achieves a significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE), with an enhancement of 43% for the Dickson rectifier and 47% for the Cockcroft-Walton rectifier. To develop and evaluate the suggested rectifier circuit, simulations are performed utilizing the Schottky diode HSMS 285C. The input power range considered for the simulations varies from -20 dBm to 35 dBm. To validate the simulation results, fabricated models for the three prominent topologies have been developed, and the simulation and measurement outcomes agree well, confirming the suitability of the proposed topology for harvesting RF Wi-Fi signals. Results demonstrate that the presented rectifier surpasses the operational attributes of the conventional the rectifying networks in relation to output voltage and PCE.
Radiopaque thermosensitive Pickering emulsion vascular embolist for permanent arterial embolization
Authors: Li Ling , Chen Ning , Cheng Guotao , Liu Anna , Zhang Ling , Xing Jun , Cao Yanyan , Yu Houqiang
Published: May 2024

The emergence of liquid embolic agents has advanced the utilization of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Unlike the conventional solid embolic agent (gelatin sponge/PVA),which lacks developmental properties and necessitates lipiodol combination for efficacy, leading to a cumbersome two-step embolization process, there is a need for an embolic material capable of carrying imaging effects and displaying favorable cell compatibility to enhance clinical treatment outcomes. Wehave developed a novel liquid embolic material, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-acrylic acid nanogels (PNAs). By blending PNAs with lipiodol using a medical three-way tube, we obtain a thermosensitive lipiodol gel emulsion (TLGE). This material exhibits excellent temperature sensitivity and biocompatibility, with TLGE demonstrating fluidity and X-ray contrast in the decellularized liver model. This embolization technique necessitates only a single injection, allowing for quick mixing and usage, greatly benefiting clinicians. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)facilitates intraoperative imaging, real-time embolization process monitoring, and prevention of inadvertent embolization and arterial leakage, ensuring precise embolization treatment for arterial vessels. Over a 42-day period of embolization of the right renal artery in New Zealand rabbits, there were no instances of vessel recanalization or damage to other target organs. Consequently, this innovative temperature-sensitive material holds substantial promise in TAE surgery.
RETRACTED: Chemical recycling of Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) waste as a sustainable source for synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins
Authors: Salem Tarek , Elshahat Mustafa , Saafan A. A. , Kenawy El-Refaie
Published: May 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
WITHDRAWN: Short-term Charging Load Forecasting for Electric Vehicles with a Multilayer LSTM Model Considering Sliding Windows and Online Learning
Authors: Yang Ye , Wang Wen , Li PeiJun , Qin Jian , Yang XinQiao , Li YaNan
Published: May 2024

As the large-scale development of electric vehicles (EVs), accurate short-term charging load forecasting for EVs is the basis of vehicle to grid (V2G) interaction. In this paper, considering the uncertainties of EV users' charging behavior, a multi-layer Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model considering sliding windows and online learning is proposed for short-term forecasting. Several typical features including peak and valley tariffs, environment temperature, charging date, charging time, historical average charging load are extracted considering their correlations with charging load. A multilayer LSTM model considering sliding window is proposed by inputting the typical feature matrix, and an online learning method is added to the model to improve the processing speed of the model for fast and accurate short-term charging load prediction. Finally, the proposed multilayer LSTM model considering sliding window and online learning is demonstrated to have unique advantages in terms of robustness, processing speed and prediction accuracy through practical examples.
A panel of cancer testis antigens in pan squamous cell carcinomas: implication for biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Li Lin , Yan Jiayao , Chen Tingting , Guo Jingyi , Liu Fangcen , Wei Xiao , Fu Yao , Liu Qin , Wang Kongcheng , Liu Baorui
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the expression of seven cancer testis antigens (MAGE-A1, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A11, PRAME, NY-ESO-1 and KK-LC-1) in pan squamous cell carcinoma and their prognostic value, thus assessing the potential of these CTAs as immunotherapeutic targets. The protein expression of these CTAs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 60 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), 62 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) and 62 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). The relationship between CTAs expression and progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed. PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were also collected and correlated with CTAs expression. The prognostic impact of CTAs gene expression was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter website. CTAs expression was 0–48% in ESCA, 3%-77% in LUSC, and 3%-71% in HNSC. Analysis of PFS showed that MAGE-A1 expression in HNSC (p < 0.01), PRAME in LUSC (p = 0.008), MAGE-A10 (p = 0.012) and PRAME (p = 0.021) in ESCA were significantly correlated with PFS. In all three cancers, coexpression of three CTAs was used as a cutoff value for grouping, and the results showed a significant difference in PFS between these two groups. Moreover, CTAs expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression and T cell infiltration. These findings indicate a high incidence of CTA expression in HNSC, LUSC and ESCA, which was correlated with PD-L1 expression, T cell infiltration, and tumor progression. The results suggest that cancer testis antigens could be feasible vaccine targets in squamous cell carcinoma.
A Comprehensive Logging Evaluation Method for Identifying High-Quality Shale Gas Reservoirs Based on Multifractal Spectra Analysis
Authors: Bi Xueli , Li Juhua , Lian Cuihao
Published: May 2024

Conventional logging interpretation methods can help to qualitatively identify shale reservoirs using shale attribute parameters and interpretation templates. However, improving the identification accuracy of complex shale reservoirs is challenging due to the numerous evaluation parameters and the complexity of model calculations. This study examines the JY6-2 and JY10-4 wells in the Fuling shale gas field as examples to effectively quantify the characteristics of high-quality shale reservoirs. We establish a comprehensive evaluation method for identifying high-quality shale gas reservoirs, utilizing multi-fractal spectra analysis of well logs. First, the conventional well logs are qualitatively analyzed and evaluated using the methods of multiple fractals and R/S analysis. Subsequently, a gray relational analysis is employed to combine the production well logs, which reflect dimensionless productivity contributions, with the fractal characteristics of conventional well logs to obtain the corrected weight multifractal spectrum width ∆α' and the fractal dimension D'. The comprehensive fractal evaluation indexes λ and γ are introduced, forming three categories of productivity evaluation standards for shale gas reservoirs characterized by fractals. The calculation results show that the ∆α' comprehensive fractal evaluation index for Class I gas reservoirs is 0.6 λ< 1, and the D' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0 γ < 0.5; for Class II gas reservoirs, the ∆α' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0.25 λ < 0.6, and the D' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0.5 γ < 0.8; for Class III gas reservoirs, the ∆α' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0 λ < 0.25, and the D' comprehensive fractal evaluation index is 0.8 γ < 1. Overall, the comprehensive fractal evaluation index of the high-production wells ∆α' is close to 1 and shows a decreasing trend from high to low production; the comprehensive fractal evaluation index of the low-production wells with the R/S fractal dimension D' is close to 1 and shows a decreasing trend from low-production to high-production. Finally, Well JY8-2 is employed as a validation well to demonstrate the effectiveness of the evaluation method. This research method is a simple way to extract the multifractal spectra based on conventional logging data to evaluate comprehensive sweet spot zones. It is of great significance for identifying high-quality reservoir areas in shale gas reservoirs, and provides technical support for the effective development of shale reservoirs on a large scale.
The impact of a multidisciplinary intervention to reduce severe retinopathy of prematurity in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Rodriguez Sarah , Kirabira Victoria , Vaucher Yvonne , Namakula Lucy , Kasozi Sarah , Ells Anna , Blair Michael , Isenberg Sherwin , Lambert Scott
Published: May 2024

Background: To address the threat of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the Stop Infant Blindness in Africa (SIBA) project introduced a comprehensive program, including subspecialty training and oxygen management equipment.
Methods: A before-and-after retrospective cohort study compared preterm infants <1750g or <34 weeks’ gestation before (2022) and after (2023) program implementation. Outcomes included: the proportion with severe ROP, the proportion with Zone III vascularization on first examination, and factors associated with severe ROP.
Results: Overall, 140 infants were screened before and 122 after program implementation. The proportion with Zone III vascularization increased from 16.1% (N=11) pre-intervention to 44.9% (N=32) post-intervention (p=0.001). The proportion with severe ROP decreased from 27.8% (N=19) to 12.8% (N=9, p=0.03). Factors predicting severe ROP on adjusted analyses were gestational age and blood transfusion.
Conclusion: In SSA, introduction of a comprehensive program to prevent and treat ROP can decrease the risk of severe ROP.
Early administration of anamorelin improves cancer cachexia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Cho Sien , Nakasya Akio , Nagai Hiroki , Satake Hironaga , Yasui Hisateru
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To report the efficacy of anamorelin in patients with colorectal and gastric cancer with cachexia and in those receiving systemic chemotherapy.
Methods: We retrospectively collected real-world data from patients with colorectal and gastric cancer with cachexia who received anamorelin. Efficacy was assessed based on appetite improvement and body weight (BW) gain.
Results: Forty-three patients with cancer and cachexia received anamorelin between June 2021 and October 2022 (23 with gastric cancer, 20 with colorectal cancer). The median observation time was 7.3 months, 25 patients were male, the median age was 71 years, the median body mass index was 19.7, and the ECOG PS 0/1/2 ratio was 4/33/6. Seven patients received best supportive care only, and 36 received concomitant chemotherapy with anamorelin. Thirty-four patients received prior chemotherapy with two or fewer regimens, while nine received three or more regimens. The median anamorelin treatment duration was 2.8 months, and overall survival (OS) from the first anamorelin administration was 7.3 months. Twenty-four and 21 patients experienced appetite improvement and BW gain, respectively, at 3 weeks, as did 20 and 15 at 12 weeks, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, anamorelin administration before second-line chemotherapy and colorectal cancer correlated with appetite improvement and BW gain after 3 weeks. Furthermore, anamorelin administration before second-line chemotherapy correlated with BW gain after 12 weeks in the univariate analysis, and OS significantly improved in patients with BW gain after 12 weeks.
Conclusion: Early anamorelin contributes to appetite improvement and BW gain in colorectal and gastric cancer with cachexia.
Pixel-level attention based data compression for spike camera
Authors: Li Yansong , Huang Xiaofeng , Li Shangqia , Cui Yan , Zhou Yang , song Jian , Yin Haibing
Published: May 2024

With the rapid development of autonomous driving applications, there is an increasing demand for high-speed vision sensors, like spike cameras. However, the data transmission and storage requirements are becoming increasingly burdensome due to the high temporal resolution, such as 40,000Hz. To resolve this problem, we propose a pixel-level attention-based data compression method for the spike camera. Firstly, the input spike data is partitioned into two block types by pixel-level attention-based method. Then, the two blocks are condensed using different methods, and side information marking is transmitted for spike decoding. Finally, the condensed spike and side information marking are compressed into a binary stream for storage. Experimental results show that our method achieves higher compression efficiency than conventional methods. The decompressed spike can also reconstruct the image with better visual quality.
Comparison of Ganglion Cell Layer thickness and Pattern Electroretinography among glaucoma suspects and healthy controls
Authors: Nanda Jayadev , Saha Bhawesh Chandra , Raj Amit , Singh Prabhakar , Sinha Prerna
Published: May 2024

Purpose
To evaluate the difference in ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and wave forms on pattern electroretinography (PERG) among glaucoma suspects and healthy controls
Methods
An analytical, cross-sectional study was done on 100 eyes of 50 subjects, equally divided in the glaucoma suspect and control group. Subjects with an asymmetrically increased vertical cup-to-disc ratio and without any perimetric change were taken as suspects, and subjects with normal findings were taken as controls. GCL thickness was evaluated on spectral domain OCT at 3mm, 3.45mm, and 6mm centering the foveola, and P50, N95 wave forms were recorded according to the standard PERG protocol.
Results
In this study, we observed that the average GCL thickness is significantly less in glaucoma suspects at 3.45mm (p = 0.045) and at 6mm (p < 0.001) circle zone. On PERG, P50 amplitude was significantly low in glaucoma suspects in comparison to controls (p = 0.007). There was significantly increased implicit time for both P50 and N95 in glaucoma suspects (p < 0.001). For N95 amplitude, a non-significant (p = 0.127) difference was observed among the two groups. At 3.45mm, average GCL thickness showed a weak negative correlation with N95 implicit time (r=-0.286, p = 0.044), a weak positive correlation with P50 amplitude (r = 0.349, p = 0.013), and at 6 mm, a weak positive correlation with P50 amplitude (r = 0.311, p = 0.028) in glaucoma suspects.
Conclusions
Thickness analysis of GCL alone can help in the structural assessment of preperimetric glaucoma. PERG can be used as a valuable tool for the detection of ganglion cell dysfunction, even before cell loss.
Study of quasi two-phase flow for gun barrel with leakage
Authors: Feng Guotong , Geng Xuehao , Zhou Kedong , Zhang Yingqi
Published: May 2024

This paper is devoted to research the core flow of gun barrel with leakage. In order to built the correspondence between fired rounds and inner bore size, the comprehensive life test of gun barrel is conducted and the inner bore erosion model of gun barrel is built based on measurement data of inner bore size. Then an interior ballistic model of quasi two-phase flow with leakage is built by combining this erosion model and hydrodynamic theory. The core flow parameters of barrel with and without leakage are solved by programming respectively, the validity of the interior ballistic model and simulation results are verified by muzzle velocity test and chamber pressure test. Through analysis of the simulation results, several distribution lows of core flow in gun barrel with leakage are obtained. By fired rounds increase,the gas leakage occurs more and more early and the velocity of leaked gas gets larger, while the flow field parameters of projectile bottom all decrease.
Determining optimum plant density and nitrogen rate using field experiment and model simulation
Authors: Desta Bizuwork Tafes , Tesema Sisay Eshetu , Gezahegn Almaz Meseret , Zemede Almayehu
Published: May 2024

Low crop management practices were the key factors that leads to a significant reduction in durum wheat yield in the central highlands of Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine optimum plant density and nitrogen rate that increase durum wheat productivity while reducing environmental impacts. A combination of data from field experiments conducted from 2017 to 2020 under rainfed conditions and simulation data of CERES-Wheat model were used for this study. The CERES-Wheat model was calibrated for Utuba cultivar from three-years (2017 to 2019) field experiment data. The model was further verified with the experimental data conducted during the 2020 cropping season under four plant densities and four nitrogen fertilizer rates. Differences in temperature and rainfall patterns during the potential growing season, seasonal analysis was used to determine the optimum plant density and N rate using 37 years (1985–2022) of historical weather data. The simulation results suggested that 275 plants m − 2 with an application of 250 kg ha− 1 N increased grain yield, improved nitrogen use, and produced the highest economic return while minimizing environmental risk under rainfed conditions. Compared with the current plant density (175 plants m− 2) and N fertilizer (100 kg ha− 1), plant density (275 plants m− 2 with 250 kg ha− 1 N) rate increased grain yield by about 49%, N use efficiency by 23% with the highest net return (2114 US$ ha− 1). In general, this study showed that the CERES-Wheat model can be a promising tool for providing crop management recommendations under rainfed durum wheat farming.
Janus Hollow Microstructures via an Interfacial Phase
Hydrogen Bond Network
Authors: Duan Ming , Xu Yinan , Zhao Lei , Wang Jingyi , Xiong Yan , Fang Shenwen , Li Keran , Zhang Chunpeng , Li Jiaxue , Deng Min , Ye Hao
Published: May 2024

Janus hollow microstructures have been widely used in chemistry, medicine, biology, and materials science because of their anisotropy and hollow structure. Constructing multiple types of hollow microstructures and establishing structure–property relationships remain challenging. Here, the present authors developed a one-pot polymerization strategy for constructing Janus hollow microstructures in which deep eutectic solvents (DESs) completely replaced water as the continuous phase. A range of Janus hollow microstructures was produced with various compositions, as well as various ratios of the hydrophilic part and film thickness. Consequently, their corresponding morphologies ranged from 3D-like forms (such as spherical and bowl shape) to 2D-like forms (including pie shape, vesicle shape, and vacuum-bag-like). There were hydrogen bond interactions between the DESs and hydrophobic monomers. Hence, hydrogen bond networks formed at the DES–oil interface during the polymerization, inducing free radical stabilization and monomer activation, which was the underlying mechanism for forming the Janus hollow structure. The polymerization strategy provides a faster, more convenient, and more universal way to prepare Janus hollow microstructures compared with conventional methods.
Modified passive leg-raising maneuver to predict fluid responsiveness by transthoracic ultrasound guidance in healthy pigs under sevoflurane anesthesia.
Authors: Tarragona Lisa , Donati Pablo , Zaccagnini Andrea , Fuensalida Santiago , Ceballos Martín , Díaz Alfredo , Nigro Néstor , Montagne Juan , Redondo José Ignacio , Otero Pablo
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to evaluate whether the velocity-time integral of aortic blood flow (VTIAo) assessed by transthoracic echocardiography is significantly increased after passive leg-raising maneuver (PLRM) in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated fluid responder pigs. Eight healthy Landrace pigs were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and subjected to PLRM. Ultrasound-guided VTIAo measurements were taken before and after PLRM and compared to assess changes. Fluid challenge was then performed, and changes in VTIAo were assessed to classify pigs as fluid responders or non-responders. Following PLRM, fluid responders exhibited a significant increase in VTIAo compared to baseline (p = 0.017). An optimal cutoff of 11.2% for ΔVTIAo was calculated for predicting fluid responsiveness after PLRM, with an AUROC of 1.00 (95% CI not estimated – 1.00), sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 59 – 100%), specificity of 100% (95% CI 2.5–100%), positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI 59–100%), and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI 2.5–100%).
This study demonstrates the potential of using ultrasound-guided VTIAo measurements associated with PLRM to predict fluid responsiveness in anesthetized pigs. A ΔVTIAo value of ≥11.2% reliably identified fluid-responsive pigs under anesthesia and mechanical ventilation, offering a non-invasive alternative to fluid challenges. Further research addressing study limitations could enhance understanding of fluid responsiveness assessment in animal models.
Evaluating Eco-friendliness and Analytical Efficiency: Simultaneous Determination of Bambuterol HCl and Montelukast Sodium in Tablet Dosage via RP-HPLC, with a Dissolution Profile Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Manal , Ramadan Nesrin K. , Ibrahim Magda M. , Boltia Shereen A.
Published: May 2024

A straightforward, environmentally friendly, and precise isocratic RP-HPLC technique was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of bambuterol hydrochloride (BBL) and montelukast sodium (MTK). An Agilent chromatograph equipped with an Inertsil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) was utilized, and chromatographic separation was achieved using a mobile phase comprising ethanol and 0.025 M phosphate buffer at pH 3.0 in a 70:30 v/v ratio. The method, adhering to ICH requirements, was validated for linearity ranges of 1.00–100.00 µg/mL and 2.00–100.00 µg/mL for BBL and MTK, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to quantify BBL and MTK in a pharmaceutical tablet dosage form, with mean recovery percentages of 100.92 ± 1.08 and 99.39 ± 1.41, respectively, indicating satisfactory accuracy. Dissolution patterns of the pharmaceutical tablet dosage form were studied in a 900 mL 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate dissolution medium. Various assessment tools, including Analytical Eco-scale, GAPI, AGREE, RGB 12, and the green-specific model D-CHEMS-1, were employed to evaluate the health and safety hazards of the developed methods. The RP-HPLC method demonstrated sustainability, greenness, simplicity, and effectiveness, successfully determining both drugs in their dosage form and dissolution media.
Accelerating the Fast Hadamard Single-Pixel Imaging (FHSI) on GPUs: Techniques and Optimizations
Authors: Quero Carlos Osorio , Durini Daniel , Rangel-Magdaleno Jose , Ramos-Garcia Ruben , Martinez-Carranza Jose
Published: May 2024

The recent advancements in edge computing power are primarily attributable to technological innovations enabling accelerators with extensive hardware parallelism. One practical application is in computer imaging (CI), where GPU acceleration is pivotal, especially in reconstructing 2D images through techniques like Single-Pixel Imaging (SPI). In SPI, compressive sensing (CS) algorithms, deep learning, and Fourier transformation are essential for 2D image reconstruction. These algorithms derive substantial performance enhancements through parallelism, thereby reducing processing times. These techniques fully utilize the potential of the GPU by implementing several strategies. These include optimizing memory accessed, expanding loops for efficiency, designing effective computational kernels to reduce the number of operations, using asynchronous operations for better performance, and increasing the number of actively running threads and warps. In lab scenarios, integrating embedded GPUs becomes essential for algorithmic optimization on SoC-GPUs. This study focuses on quickly improving the Fast Hadamard Single-Pixel Imaging (FHSI) for 2D image reconstruction on Nvidia's Xavier platform. By implementing various parallel computing techniques in PyCUDA, we managed to speed up the process by approximately 10 times, significantly reducing processing times to nearly real-time levels.
Mecanum Crank: Improvement on the Design of a Crank Leg for Climbing a Step
Authors: Noda Satsuya , Shuto Yoshimura , Haruki Kunii
Published: May 2024

To realize rough-terrain vehicles with omi-directional motion, the authors have developed the ''Mecanum crank,'' which consists of Mecanum wheels and ''crank wheels.''. To improve the rough-terrain locomotion of the Mecanum crank, this paper describes a design method for the crank legs that enhances the climbable step height. To improve the climbable step height, we focus on four dominant physical phenomena(jamming, hooking of crank legs, slippage of wheels, and tumbling). Because the climbable step height increases as the vehicle size increases, this paper discusses the maximum climbable step height within the size limitation. The experimental results for step climbing reveal that the proposed method increases the climbable step height from 95% to 160% of the Mecanum wheel diameter. Moreover, we verify that the proposed method does not decrease the feasibility of stair climbing and horizontal-gap traversing.
Voltammetric determination of Aflatoxin B1 using a bismuth layer-gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Franco-Guzmán Miriam , Castañeda-Ovando Araceli , Mendoza-Huizar Luis Humberto , Chávez-Flores Benito , Hernández-León Sergio , Rebolledo-Perales Luz Elena , Álvarez-Romero Giaan Arturo
Published: May 2024

This work describes the development of an electroanalytical methodology for the direct determination of Aflatoxin B1 using a surface-modified vitreous carbon electrode with a bismuth film and gold nanoparticles. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the electrochemical behavior of Aflatoxin B1 on the working electrode. A well-defined cathodic wave was observed in the voltammogram which is associated with the direct reduction of Aflatoxin B1, so this signal was selected as the analytical response. To maximize this response, Square Wave Voltammetry was selected as the quantitative technique; then, pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and potential step were optimized using a Box-Behnken surface design. A calibration curve was constructed in an interval of concentrations from 1 to 200 ngL− 1 with different Aflatoxin B1 standards; with the proper statistical analysis, it was found a linear range of 37.31 to 100 ngL− 1, with a limit of detection of 5.71 ng L− 1, and a sensitivity of 0.033 µA ngL− 1. A relative standard deviation percentage of 4.28 was obtained in the repeatability study. Finally, the proposed methodology was successfully used to analyze commercial milk samples.
Learning a Photorealism Score for 2D Images Extracted from a Railway Driving 3D Simulator
Authors: Ladret Patricia , Muzeau Julien , Caplier Alice , Faure-Vincent Denis
Published: May 2024

3D modeling consists in describing objects thanks to a cloud of points in the three-dimensional space. It is ubiquitous nowadays and employed in many different fields such as video games, animation movies, architecture or medical applications. Subsequently, 2D images are retrieved from such 3D models through a process called 3D rendering. Recent hardware and software developments allow to approximate the real-world physics in an ever more precise manner. However, the question of the photorealism of such images remains. In this paper, we investigate in particular the photorealism of images extracted from 3D railway driving simulators. Two contributions are detailed in this article. First, we propose a CNN-based method designed to associate a photorealism score to any simulated image. It specifically quantizes the perceptual difference between computer-generated railroad images and natural ones. The second and main contribution of this work consists in the conception and implementation of a subjective experiment conducted so as to perceptually validate the aforementioned score. Human annotators are asked to specify which of two displayed images is more photorealistic, repeated over several pairs of images. After analysing the results, we conclude that a 96\% correlation exists between the proposed photorealism score and human visual perception.
Capnometry for Physiological Closed-Loop Ventilation in Neonates: Estimating PaCO2 from etCO2
Authors: Grüne Mike , Olivier Lena , Pfannschmidt Valerie , Hütten Matthias , Orlikowsky Thorsten , Stollenwerk Andre , Schoberer Mark
Published: May 2024

Background: In mechanically ventilated neonates, the arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) is an important indicator for the adequacy of ventilation settings. The automated control of PaCO2 allows for an improved patient care, while relieving the medical staﬀ. An accurate, reliable, and continuous estimation of PaCO2 is required for this automation. We aim to present a non-invasive estimation method for PaCO2 in neonates on the basis of end-tidal CO2 (etCO2). The estimation method should be accurate enough for use in an automated PaCO2 control.
Methods: Data from 51 preterm lambs is used, due to its high comparability to preterm human data. We utilize robust linear regression on 863 PaCO2 measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the ﬁrst day of life. etCO2 along with a set of ventilation settings and measurements as well as vital parameters are included in the regression. Included independent variables are chosen iteratively by highest pearson correlation to the remaining estimation deviation.
Results: The evaluation is carried out on 12 additional neonatal lambs with 246 PaCO2 measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the ﬁrst two days of life. The estimation method shows a mean absolute error of 3.80 mmHg with a 4.92 mmHg standard deviation of diﬀerences and a standard error of 0.31 mmHg.
Conclusions: The proposed estimation method lowered the mean absolute error in the evaluation population by 1.35 mmHg in comparison to unaltered etCO2. The usage for ventilation automation in neonates needs further investigation.
Family Caregiving Experiences of Medical School Faculty: High prevalence, high strain, and low resource awareness
Authors: Skarupski Kimberly A. , Roth David L , Durso Samuel C
Published: May 2024

Background: Adult caregiving can be demanding and stressful, especially when the caregiver is employed. As the age of the U.S. population and workforce increases, more adults are providing care to aging family members.
Objective: To understand the prevalence and aspects of caregiving experience and caregiving strain among department of medicine faculty members, and to gauge their awareness and utilization of caregiving resources.
Design: We used a cross-sectional survey design. A questionnaire survey was developed and launched in Redcap in October, 2022, and an invitation was emailed followed by two reminders to all full-time and part-time faculty members (N=1,053) in our department of medicine. Adjunct, emeritus and faculty with secondary appointments in the department of medicine were excluded.
Main Measures: Faculty demographics, caregiver status, caregiving details, degree of mental or emotional strain, and knowledge of and use of employer and external caregiver resources.
Key results: Of the 1,053 faculty members who received up to three email survey invitations, 209 (20%) responded of which 76 (36%) were current caregivers, 16 (8%) were recent caregivers, and 117 (56%) were non-caregivers. Among the 76 current caregivers, 53 (70%) reported providing care for parents or parent-in-laws and 9 (12%) reported caring for a spouse. One third of current and recent caregivers reported care for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia/memory problems. Over 90% of current or recent caregivers reported some or a lot of caregiving strain. A wide variation in knowledge of and use of employer and external caregiver resources was reported.
Conclusions: Department of medicine faculty who provide adult caregiving report a high prevalence of strain and wide variation in knowledge of and use of employer and external caregiver support services, suggesting opportunity to better understand where gaps exist in providing support for caregivers.
Emergent (2+1)D topological orders from iterative (1+1)D gauging
Authors: Rubio Jose Garre
Published: May 2024

Gauging introduces gauge fields in order to localize an existing global symmetry, resulting in a dual global symmetry on the gauge fields that can be gauged again. By iterating the gauging process on spin chains with Abelian group symmetries and arranging the gauge fields in a 2D lattice, the local symmetries become the stabilizer of the $XZZX$-code for any Abelian group. By twisting the gauging map we obtain new codes that explicitly confine anyons, which violate an odd number of plaquette terms and whose fusion results in mobile dipole excitations. Our construction naturally realizes any gapped boundary by taking different quantum phases of the initial (1+1)D globally symmetric system. Our method establishes a new route to obtain higher dimensional topological codes from lower ones, to identify their gapped boundaries and their tensor network representations.
Case Report: Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis Among School Children in a Mountainous Community
Authors: Baladad Mark Ericson B. , Padua Dawn Kimberly L. , Sumaya Jose Enrico M.
Published: May 2024

This case report utilized the primary data gathered from the extension program of the LORMA College of Medical Laboratory Science at the institution’s adopted locale. Arosip is a secluded, difficult-to-reach mountainous barangay in the municipality of Bacnotan, in the province of La Union, Philippines. The study subjects were forty-one (41) kindergarten to grade three students of Arosip Elementary School. Modified Kato-Katz technique was performed to the submitted stool samples. Among 41 participants, nine were screened positive for the helminthic ova of Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura – yielding a total of 21.95% prevalence rate. Among those 9 participants, 6 (66.67%) were positive for Ascaris lumbricoides ova, and 3 (33.33%) were co-infected with both Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura ova. The findings were relayed and reported to the local government unit. The team recommends for a more comprehensive screening and monitoring of STH cases in the locale, a continuous stewardship of health programs including mass-deworming for the school children and awareness campaigns, and provision of health resources. Ultimately, interagency collaboration between the Department of Health, Department Education, and Local Government Unit remains highly warranted to satisfy the health inequities experienced by this disadvantaged remote community.
Comparação de métodos para estimativas volumétricas em diferentes espécies de pinus plantadas no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Urbano Edilson , Simplicio Vitor Hugo dos Santos , Cacau Filipe Valadão do Prado
Published: May 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar diferentes métodos para estimativas volumétricas de espécies do gênero Pinus plantados na região de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os dados foram obtidos por dois métodos, o primeiro pelo método destrutivo, o qual foi aplicado em três árvores de quatro diferentes espécies de pinus (P. caribaea var. caribaea, P. elliottii var. elliottii x P. caribaea var. hondurensis (Híbrido), P. maximinoi e P. oocarpa). O segundo método foi realizado em 12 árvores cubadas em pé com o uso do dendrometro digital, totalizando 24 árvores, as quais foram cubadas pelo método de Hohenadl. Os métodos testados foram: fator de forma, quociente de forma, método dos dois diâmetros e equações volumétricas. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância com nível de significância de 5%. Os modelos de Naslund e Stoate apresentaram os melhores resultados estatísticos e o melhor desempenho na análise gráfica de resíduos para as espécies P. oocarpa e P. maximinoi e o Híbrido. Já para a espécie P. caribaea var. caribaea, o método considerado mais preciso e com menor tendenciosidade, foi o método dos dois diâmetros, obtido através da mensuração do diâmetro nas alturas 1,3 e 2 metros. Entretanto, de acordo com a análise de variância, não há diferença significava entre o volume obtido usando os diferentes métodos em relação ao volume obtido por meio da cubagem rigorosa. Dessa forma, todos os métodos podem ser utilizados para estimar o volume das quatro espécies do gênero Pinus plantados na região de Mato Grosso do Sul.
Transactionology of publication under reference and periodical sections using ICT and coding
Authors: Krishna Sharath G V , Sreenivasa Rao T
Published: May 2024

Purpose. The project intends to use a qualitative approach to investigate the state and procedures of present transaction processes to pinpoint inefficiencies. Integrating ICT and coding solutions will be formulated and examined through prototyping to evaluate their feasibility and effectiveness. By concentrating on user behaviour and section-specific dynamics, the study offers a more analytical and data-driven approach to library management by leveraging Python's analytical capabilities and extracting quantitative data from transaction logs. Future funding can be directed towards required and necessary subjects by using library management's data to research trends and student requirements. This research can potentially transform library operations and ultimately enhance everyone's user experience for all.Methodology. The approach entails the utilization of ICT and programming to conduct a qualitative examination of data about the transaction aspects of publications.Results and discussion. By utilising ICT and coding, publication transaction data is consolidated efficiently in the preferred format, paving the way for advanced analytics and strategic insights with minimal human input.Conclusions. This study contributes to the examination, implementation, and consolidation of automated transaction recording across various sections of a library, with a prospective expansion towards integration with library management systems such as KOHA, Evergreen, Easylib, and Software for University Libraries (SOUL).
Analysis of compression deformation of water-lubricated bearing material based on rigid and flexible substances coupled with microstructure
Authors: Li Ruiqing , Jin Yong , Ouyang Wu , Sun Shuang , Huang Jian , Luo Bin
Published: May 2024

Water-lubricated bearings are pivotal components in ship propulsion shafting, The mechanical properties of composite materials serve as the foundation for water-lubricated bearing materials. In this paper, taking the 3D composite structure material of arthropod outer carapace as a biological model, a bionic design of a water-lubricated bearing composite material based on rigid and flexible substances coupled with microstructure is proposed, and its load-carrying properties are analyzed through simulation and experimentation. The research results showed that the rigid fiber helix angle of 30° would be better for enhancing mechanical performance. When the basic parameters of the RVE (representative volume elements) are determined, the arrangement of it will also affect the mechanical properties of the composite material to a certain extent, and from the test results, the three RVEs combination mode can obtain better bearing capacity.
Logo recognition of vehicles based on deep convolutional generative adversarial networks
Authors: Ma Huan , Han Yunfei
Published: May 2024

Vehicle logo recognition plays a critical role in enhancing the efficiency of intelligent transportation systems by enabling accurate vehicle identification and tracking. Despite advancements in image recognition technologies, accurately detecting and classifying vehicle logos in diverse and dynamically changing environments remains a significant challenge. This research introduces an innovative approach utilizing a Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN) framework, tailored specifically for the complex task of vehicle logo recognition. Unlike traditional methods, which heavily rely on manual feature extraction and pre-defined image processing techniques, our method employs a novel DCGAN architecture. This architecture automatically learns the distinctive features of vehicle logos directly from data, enabling more robust and accurate recognition across various conditions. Furthermore, we propose a refined training strategy for both the generator and discriminator components of our DCGAN, optimized through extensive experimentation, to enhance the model’s ability to generate high-fidelity vehicle logo images for improved training efficacy. The technical core of our approach lies in the strategic integration of transfer learning techniques. These techniques significantly boost classification accuracy by leveraging pre-learned features from vast image datasets, thereby addressing the challenge of limited labeled data in the vehicle logo domain. Our experimental results demonstrate a substantial improvement in logo detection and classification accuracy, achieving an Intersection over Union (IoU) ratio of 42.67 % and a classification accuracy of 99.78 %, which markedly surpasses the performance of existing methods. This research not only advances the field of vehicle logo recognition but also contributes to the broader domain of measurement science and technology, offering a technically sound and logically coherent solution to a complex problem.