bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychometric analysis of the ecological dispositions of rural farming communities in South Africa: Implications for human excreta reuse in agriculture
Authors: Gwara Simon , Wale Edilegnaw , Odindo Alfred
Published: June 2022

The established link between anthropogenic activities and environmental problems calls for the understanding of public perceptions of the environment. Circular bioeconomy approaches promote sustainable and resilient food systems, and are critical to address soil, human, and environmental health. This study endeavours to understand the ecological worldviews of rural farming communities and implications for human excreta reuse in agriculture. The study adopted the social psychology theory and the new ecological paradigm scale, which measures environmental attitudes. The Cronbach’s alpha factoring indicated high internal consistency and reliability of the questions. The results show that rural farmers are moderately environmentally conscious. The hierarchical regression results show that age, education, and household income negatively influence environmental attitudes. Pro-environmental farmers perceived lower health risk and believed that they were more capable of using human excreta. The study recommends that the reuse of human excreta in agriculture be marketed as a sustainable and environmentally friendly innovation to increase social acceptance by rural farmers in agri-food systems.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS DO ACORDO ENTRE A UNIÃO EUROPEIA E O MERCOSUL
Authors: Echaide Javier
Published: June 2022

Contextualização: As negociações do Acordo Comercial entre a União Europeia e o Mercosul (Acordo Mercosul-UE) terminaram em 28 de junho de 2019 e, quase três anos depois, ele ainda não entrou em vigor. As tratativas levaram duas décadas e sua conclusão foi anunciada como um sucesso de gestão nos dois blocos regionais, evidenciando a ambição de alcançar um dos mais importantes acordos comerciais do mundo com um mercado potencial de quase 800 milhões de consumidores.
Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o possível impacto ambiental do acordo comercial entre a União Europeia e o Mercosul.
Metodologia: Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, a metodologia utilizada na Fase de Pesquisa foi a indutiva, e os resultados foram expressos segundo a base lógica indutiva.
Resultado: Uma análise exaustiva dos impactos ambientais da liberalização do comércio, bem como o conteúdo sobre o desenvolvimento sustentável dentro do Acordo, levanta sérias dúvidas sobre o cumprimento das metas estabelecidas internacionalmente pelos países membros de ambos os blocos, em termos de suas obrigações ambientais.
LA PROHBICIÓN DE LA AUTOMATIZACIÓN DECISORIA BASADA EN EL PERFILAMIENTO DIGITAL
Authors: Muñoz Ricardo
Published: June 2022

Contextualización: La Inteligencia Artiﬁ cial (IA) genera, produce, implica y representa desafíos para los derechos humanos, tanto que aquella debe concretar un “alineamiento” con estos, y los sistemas inteligentes no pueden producir interferencias con la dignidad humana. Por eso, la manipulación ﬁnal y operación sobre procesos de IA, debe descansar en personas (y más aún todavía cuando los resultados impactan directamente sobre las libertades), debiendo –en deﬁ nitiva- “la dimensión humana” estar presente en el proceso de toma de decisiones y evaluación sobre quejas ante situaciones de violaciones a los derechos humanos.

Objetivo: El objetivo de la investigación es identiﬁ car que derechos fundamentales pueden ser afectados por las tecnologías inteligentes, analizando los usos de estas tecnologías y su repercusión sobre los derechos, por un lado, y la necesidad de delimitar su contenido deﬁ niendo garantías, por el otro.

Metodología: La investigación utilizó el método inductivo aliado a la base lógica inductiva para expresar los resultados.

Resultado: Desde nuestra óptica, la prohibición estudiada no alcanza a toda la automatización de las decisiones administrativas y/o judiciales por medio del uso de IA en el marco de un procedimiento previo llevado a cabo por la Administración pública o el Poder Judicial.
Review of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
Authors:   Telethon Kids Institute, Hamilton Sharynne , Doyle Michael ,   University of Sydney, Bower Carol ,   Telethon Kids Institute
Published: June 2022

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a preventable, lifelong disability that disproportionately affects Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the available information on FASD among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, with reference to the limitations on population-based data and evaluated programs. The review outlines; the harms of alcohol use in the context of colonisation, cultural perspectives on assessment and diagnosis, effective prevention programs and a summary of state and national policies. Health impacts, educational outcomes and the effects of FASD on vulnerable populations such as children in protection and young people in the justice system, are also discussed. Specific perspectives on why women drink during pregnancy and the role of Aboriginal women in preventing FASD are explored. Recommendations include that there be greater focus on the benefits of involving men in the prevention and management of FASD and that future FASD prevention strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people should be community identified, led, and driven. FASD assessment, treatment and public health programs must also consider the history of trauma incurred by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities as a result of colonisation.
‘Missing the Target’ – A Critical Examination of Policy Frameworks for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Inclusion into the Allied Health Professions
Authors:   La Trobe University, Simpson Andrea , Pitman Tim ,   Curtin University of Technology
Published: June 2022

Objective This paper focuses on critically examining the inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in policy frameworks by regulatory health peak bodies against the backdrop of the Government’s response to the Closing the Gap (2020) report. Method Websites of ten allied health professional bodies were searched and analysed as policy as text. Results Of the ten professions examined, the search strategy identified 9 professions were signatories or co-signatories on Reconciliation Action Plans (RAP) and three professions made mention of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander equity strategies to enter the profession as part of accreditation standards. Conclusions Professional bodies were found to use discourses of recognition in the inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students with reference to the development of measurable accountabilities in the future. Implications The contested value of setting targets to generate meaningful action by policy players is likely to restrict momentum in this space.
Evaluating Patient Experience at a Novel Health Service for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Prisoners: A Pilot Study
Authors:   Australian National University, Arthur Lachlan , Herceg Ana ,   Winnunga Nimmityjah Aboriginal Health and Community Services, Shukralla Heidi ,   Winnunga Nimmityjah Aboriginal Health and Community Services, Payne Jason ,   Australian National University
Published: June 2022

Background The Winnunga Alexander Maconochie Centre Health and Wellbeing Service (AMCHWS) is the first prison health service operated by an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation in Australia. This pilot study developed and implemented a patient experience survey to evaluate the novel model of healthcare delivered by the Winnunga AMCHWS to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners. Methods Patients accessing the Winnunga AMCHWS between February and May 2020 were invited to participate in the study. Descriptive data were analysed and compiled for demographics, patient satisfaction, patient perception of care quality, cultural safety, and patient thoughts on the Winnunga AMCHWS. Findings Sixteen of 26 eligible patients participated in the survey (62% response rate). At least 75% of patients were satisfied with the waiting time to see staff at the Winnunga AMCHWS most or all of the time. All 16 patients reported that Winnunga AMCHWS staff always treated them with dignity and respect. Of 14 patients who identified as Aboriginal, nine felt that they were treated better by staff because of their Aboriginal identity while the other five felt their Aboriginal identity made no difference to their treatment by the staff. Interpretation This patient experience survey of the Winnunga AMCHWS found that it has provided highly satisfactory, timely, respectful, and culturally safe care to patients. Due to the limitations of this study, continual evaluation of the Winnunga AMCHWS and future studies to evaluate the continuity of care, health, and re-offending rates of released patients are needed to fully evaluate the Winnunga AMCHWS model.
Culturally Safe and Integrated Primary Health Care: A Case Study of Yerin Eleanor Duncan Aboriginal Health Services’ Holistic Model
Authors:   The George Institute for Global Health, Coombes Julieann , Cullen Patricia ,   University of New South Wales, Bennett-Brook Keziah ,   The George Institute for Global Health, Longbottom Marlene ,   University of Wollongong, Mackean Tamara ,   Flinders University, Field Belinda ,   Yerin Aboriginal Health Services, Parry Vickie ,   Barang Regional Alliance
Published: June 2022

Objective To understand the importance of culturally safe integrated primary health care for Aboriginal families in the Central Coast of New South Wales, where their social and emotional wellbeing is impacted through a range of health issues related to domestic and family violence. Methods An Indigenous methodology of yarning through conversational semi-structured interviews with seven primary health care workers at Yerin, an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) in New South Wales. Yarning sessions explored factors that enable and/or inhibit the provision of holistic and comprehensive trauma and culturally informed responses to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women who experience violence. Results Five key themes were identified: 1) The importance of integrated primary health to support women and families; 2) Soft entry pathways; 3) Culturally safe care delivered by health workers experienced in trauma informed care; 4) Community partnerships; and 5) Funding sustainable programs that are community led and delivered by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Lessons Learned Culturally safe and trauma informed and responsive care that is integrated within primary health care is important in comprehensively meeting the needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women who experience domestic and family violence. The provision of soft entry pathways creates rapport and trust through an integrated team approach, highlighting the importance of more holistic service provision focusing on recovery and healing.
Debris Flow Simulation and Analysis of Vulnerability of Facilities Based on Debris Flow Numerical Model
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kwak Jae Hwan , Bhang Kon Joon
Published: June 2022

The scale of mountain disasters and the frequency of their occurrence are increasing due to climate change and land development. The country of 64% is composed of mountainous areas and most of the rainfall is concentrated in summer, making Korea vulnerable to mountain disasters. In particular, as the frequency of landslides and debris flow increases, countermeasures to reduce the mountain disasters are required. In this study, we simulated the debris flow based on the investigation on site where debris flows occurred and evaluated the vulnerability of the facilities that actually damaged. The simulation result coincided with an accuracy of about 62% for the area damaged by the actual debris flow. The impact forces about 2.0 to 24.8 kPa were generated in the section where the actual damage occurred. In addition, the vulnerability was found to be higher than 0.6.
Determinants of Regional Subjective Health Levels and Health Inequalities: Focus on Chungbuk Province
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Cho Taek Hee , Bae Min Ki
Published: June 2022

This study aims to measure the health level and health inequality of local residents at the basic local level and analyze their determinants. EQ-5D, which is used as an indicator of subjective health status, is calculated through the “Local Social Health Survey” data and measures health inequality through the Gini coefficient. Analysis of local health and health inequity determinants using t-tst, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, correlation coefficients. The index showed that men were higher than women, while younger and higher-income people were higher. In higher education than in lower education, subjective health levels were higher in some cases than without spouses. Although the city had a high health index, it can be seen that the industrial structure also plays an important role as the manufacturing-oriented area has a higher subjective health index than the urban and rural complex cities. Health index and health equity were high in areas with high incomes. Health equity was also high in areas with high subjective health levels, and income equity expressed by the Gini coefficient showed negative correlation with income levels.
A Study on the Standardization of Disasters with Outlier Properties: Focusing on Forest Fires and Livestock Diseases
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Hyo Jin , Yoon Hong Sic , Han Hak
Published: June 2022

Recently, the frequency of social disasters has increased as much as natural disasters, and research on safety diagnosis of social disasters is increasing. Although risk maps are produced and published to citizens based on safety diagnosis results, it is difficult to trust the results if errors in standardization are included in the safety calculation process. Disaster types that include large disasters such as Gangneung forest fire and Ferry Sewol disaster show data distribution with outliers properties, and the results are unreliable due to excessive range setting due to outliers during standardization. Therefore, in this paper, standardization was carried out in consideration of the data on outliers caused by major disasters, and statistical techniques were applied to detect them, which allowed the scope setting for standardization to be reviewed. In addition, the results before and after the analysis were compared in consideration of the outliers, raising the need for data processing, and applying social disaster types with large disaster properties as examples.
A Study on the Evacuation Support Plan for Residents in the Event of a Chemical Accident within a Petrochemical Complex
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Cho Seong , Ko Seung Hee
Published: June 2022

In this study, we tried to suggest a plan to secure an evacuation site for local residents in preparation for the spread of anxiety and accidents caused by chemical accidents in petrochemical complexes. In the event of a chemical accident, it is recommended to limit movement as much as possible for optimal evacuation. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to utilize an evacuation space in your current location. Currently, civil defense facilities are designated as evacuation sites, and chemical disaster prevention equipment must be stored in existing evacuation facilities and air blocking facilities must be installed. To this end, it is necessary to establish comprehensive measures for chemical safety management of local governments. After that, preventive management and movement training functions such as accident prevention, measurement and monitoring, and follow-up evacuation support should be strengthened.
Suggesting Revised Guidelines for Urban Master Planning in Order to Establish Water Cycle and Low Impact Development (LID) Plans
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Son Chol Hee , Jin Geon Ho , Ban Yong Un
Published: June 2022

This study proposes revised guidelines for urban master planning to establish water cycle and Low Impact Development (LID) plans. To this end, this study initially sets the revision direction of the water cycle and LID plans, using a theoretical consideration. Subsequently, the planning elements that consider the water cycle and LID are examined, using LID literature and expert interviews. Finally, we draft revised guidelines based on element planning, and the organization of a focus group interview. The outcomes of this study expanded the environmental performance specified in the general provisions and fundamental principles of urban master planning guidelines, when the water cycle and LID were considered. Secondly, new departmental ‘water cycle and LID plans’ were established. The plans included the ‘analysis on the regional status of water cycle,’ ‘basic conception,’ ‘development of LID management areas,’ and ‘management road map.’ Thirdly, the contents of the departmental plans were modified to maintain consistency in the water cycle and LID plans.
Performance comparison of the Spectral Signature, Spillover Spreading Matrix, and Data Unmixing Quality between the spectral Cytek Aurora and the spectral BD FACS Symphony A5 SE by a 35-Color Human Broad Immunophenotyping Panel
Authors: DeNiro Gabriel , Singh Priti , Nguyen Andrew
Published: June 2022

Spectral flow cytometry allows the collection of the entire spectral signature across all lasers. This aids in the overall workflow including improvements in data collection, finetuned visualization of autofluorescence and panel design. Moreover, by the process of spectral unmixing we can take the sum of the fluorescence and mathematically separate out each individual color, allowing us to further discriminate between the variations within the spectral signature of a molecule and use novel fluorochrome combinations that were historically not used in the same panel. In recent years, many cytometry manufacturers have developed their own instrumentation to perform such multicolor spectral cytometry experiments, most notably Cytek with their Aurora system as well as more recently by BD Biosciences with their FACS Symphony A5 SE (Spectrally Enabled). In this study, we independently compared the performance between the Cytek Aurora and the FACS Symphony A5 SE. First, we assessed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) individually stained with anti-human CD4 antibodies (35 different colors, clone SK3) to compare the stain index for each fluorescent channel as well as the overall spillover spreading matrix, which visualizes the interactions between pairs of fluorochromes and estimates the spread. Secondly, based on instrument optical configurations, stain index, and spillover spread matrix, we designed a 35-color broad human immunophenotyping panel to stain lysed whole blood from 3 donors and compared the data quality and resolution of previously-described and anticipated immune cell populations between the instruments and have determined an accurate comparative analysis of both instruments.
COVID-19 INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER IN JOHOR, MALAYSIA
Authors: vallasamy suriya kumareswaran , muhadi umairah , murali bala , sathaisivam jeyanthini
Published: June 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic is a global issue that has disrupted supply chains and slowed the global economy. Daily news of escalating illnesses and deaths generate public worry and force manufacturing sectors to adopt the required precautions to help prevent the disease. Over the last year, high-density workplaces have been linked to a higher risk of transmission of COVID-19. The case study is focused on Persiaran Agas Cluster which was related to a Factory in Johor, Malaysia. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence and contributing factors of Covid-19 cluster in the Factory at Johor. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a factory with the secondary data source from E notification and Covid-19-line listing of Johor between 1
st July 2021 and 31th July 2021. Descriptive analysis was used study period July to August 2021. Out of 531 positive cases, 54% were Male and 46% were Female. 91% of the positive cases were identified via close contact surveillance, 3% were symptomatic surveillance, 5% were targeted surveillance and 2% were workplace surveillance. There were several issues identified in the factory during risk assessment by the district health office. The gathering of staff occurs during rest periods, smoking sessions and during prayers. No limitation of staff practised during toilet usage. Poor gatekeeping were practised. In conclusion, every industry company should create a health and safety plan based on a combination of preventative measures. Employers must take proactive actions to limit workplace risk to the lowest reasonably feasible level.
Clinical Improvement With Pyridostigmine in a Patient With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Gastrointestinal Dysmotility
Authors: Sekhri Shaina , Massey Benson , Beniwal-Patel Poonam
Published: June 2022

Autoimmune gastrointestinal dysmotility (AGID) is a rare form of limited autoimmune dysautonomia caused by autoantibodies against the enteric nervous system. Our patient was a 53-year-old man with 1 year of bloating, intolerance of oral intake, and recurrent ileus. Esophageal manometry showed aperistalsis and hypotensive lower sphincter, consistent with scleroderma esophagus. However, because the patient had no other sequelae of this disease, AGID was considered. Serologic evaluation revealed ganglionic acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies. Treatment with pyridostigmine led to resolution of symptoms. Early recognition of AGID should be considered when manometry shows scleroderma esophagus in patients without other evidence of systemic sclerosis.
Impact of esophageal mucosal permeability markers on provocation‐induced esophageal reflexes in high‐risk infants
Authors: Jadcherla Sudarshan R. , Helmick Roseanna , Hasenstab Kathryn A. , Njeh Minna , Alshaikh Enas
Published: June 2022

Esophageal distal baseline impedance (DBI) is an indicator of mucosal integrity; lower values suggest increased permeability. Aims were to characterize the (1) effect of DBI category (<900 Ω, 900–2000 Ω, and >2000 Ω) on sensory‐motor characteristics of mid‐esophageal provocation‐induced motility reflexes, and (2) clinical outcomes among high‐risk human infants evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Symptomatic infants (N = 49, 41 ± 3 weeks postmenstrual age) underwent pH‐impedance testing to characterize acid reflux index (ARI) and DBI, and pharyngo‐esophageal manometry to examine upper esophageal sphincter (UES), peristaltic, and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) functions. Sensory‐motor response characteristics included response threshold (ml), occurrence (%), latency (s), duration (s), and magnitude (mmHg) upon mid‐esophageal stimulations (0.1–2.0 ml of air, water, and apple juice). Motility and clinical outcomes were compared among DBI groups. In infants with DBI <900 Ω and 900–2000 Ω (vs. >2000 Ω): (a) Long‐term feeding milestones did not differ (p > 0.05); (b) complete peristaltic propagation decreased in 900–2000 Ω (p < 0.05), polymorphic waveforms increased in <900 Ω and 900–2000 Ω (p < 0.05); (c) media effects were noted with liquids (vs. air) wherein UES and esophageal contractility were prolonged in <900 Ω and 900–2000 Ω (p < 0.05), and esophageal sensitivity heightened for <900 Ω with water and for 900–2000 Ω with air (both p < 0.05). ARI was not correlated with DBI in infants with chronic lung disease (r = 0.05, p = 0.82). We conclude that pharyngo‐esophageal motility sensory‐motor characteristics in infants are modified by DBI category. These preliminary findings pave‐the‐way for further physiological testing in convalescing high‐risk infants to ascertain potential mechanisms of airway‐digestive reflex interactions and symptom generation, which may lead to targeted therapies.
Public service media as drivers of innovation: A case study analysis of policies and strategies in Spain, Ireland, and Belgium
Authors: Direito-Rebollal Sabela , Donders Karen
Published: June 2022

In the post-broadcast era, public service media (PSM) organizations have to innovate, stay up-to-date with new ways of consuming content, and experiment with the manifold opportunities that interactivity offers for audience engagement. At the same time, they are still obligated to achieve their public service remit and guarantee that services comply with values such as universality, diversity, creativity, and innovation. This article analyzes the innovation policies and strategies of PSM to understand if these are shifting from a technology-centric to a user-centric approach. It evaluates what areas of innovation are prioritized by both policy-makers and public broadcasters and whether these areas correspond with the innovation goals entrusted to PSM organizations by scholars. To this end, we adopted a multi-case study approach. The focus is on three public broadcasters of varying size and situated in different political, cultural, and economic backgrounds: RTVE (Spain), RTÉ (Ireland), and VRT (Belgium). Based on a qualitative document analysis, we conclude that innovation remains largely technology-centric. Strategies are oriented to the implementation of new technologies, the digital distribution of the content, and the collaboration with external partners. However, these public broadcasters have not yet promoted concrete actions to encourage the participation of their audiences.
The Evolving Esthetics of Hong Kong Films in the 21st Century
Authors: Zhao Weifang
Published: June 2022

Since the 21st century, great changes have taken place in film co-productions between Hong Kong and the mainland and local films in Hong Kong. Since the signing of the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) in 2003 between the two regions, co-production between Hong Kong and the mainland moved from a state of maladjustment to mutual exchange and integration. However, a crisis of narrative homogenization arose around 2010, but this situation was remedied by anti-homogenization efforts through adding films of suspense genre. Around 2015, a “new mainstream blockbuster” connecting the performance of mainland mainstream values and esthetics emerged in co-productions, successfully carrying out a mainland replacement of extant blockbusters that commonly featured Hong Kong-style humanistic values and esthetics. Hong Kong local films are also undergoing esthetic evolution in the context of the cultural conservation of Hong Kong people. First, a return can be witnessed to classic “Hong Kong’s flavor” films such as gangster and ghost films, inheriting and innovating the traditional “Hong Kong’s flavor” esthetic. Secondly, we can observe Hong Kong society and its changing history from a cultural perspective through a consideration of the changing film esthetic. After many changes, Hong Kong films have entered a new esthetic form.
Quantification of methods used in field metallography using the example of quality assurance measures for a circular economy for high-alloy steels
Authors: Kronenberg P. , Wieczorek L. , Weber S. L. , Röttger A.
Published: June 2022

This study aims to develop a method for on-site metallography, enabling the characterization of carbide banding in cold-work steels via cellulose acetate film replication. It will be demonstrated that for this purpose, it is sufficient to grind the sample surface using P1500 mesh SiC abrasive paper and etch it with V2A etchant or nitric acid for 7 minutes. By sample preparation and etching, the matrix of the parent material is sufficiently removed for the carbides to leave a “negative” impression on the film. This negative replica can then be studied under reflected light microscope, enabling the characterization of carbide banding.
The Rise of Scientific Materialism and Its Long-Term Effect on the Development of German Theology
Authors: Gooch Todd
Published: June 2022

In diesem Aufsatz wird den Enfluss der steigenden kulturellen Autorität des naturwissenschaften Erkenntnisses auf die Entwicklung der deutschen evangelishen Theologie im Laufe des 19. Jahrunderts untersucht mit besonderer Rücksicht auf Albrecht Ritschl und seine theologische Nachfolger, Wilhelm Herrmann, Ernst Troeltsch, und Rudolf Otto. Dieser Einfluss besteht nicht in erster Linie in den direkten Antworten dieser Theologen auf die Behauptungen der Vertreter verschiedener nicht-theistischen Weltanschuungen, sondern vielmehr in der Übernahme philosophischer Begriffe und Argumentationsmittel, die ihre eigenen theologischen Programme unterschiedlich geformt haben.
Závodszky Levente, a Szent István, Szent László és Kálmán korabeli törvények és zsinati határozatok forrásainak kutatója és kiadója
Authors: Zoltán Gőzsy
Published: June 2022

Levente Závodszky, researcher and publisher of the sources of law articles and synodal decisions in the age of St. Stephen, St. Ladislaus and Coloman

The study presents the framework and the possibilities of historians in the first half of the 20th century through the career of Levente Závodszky, who emerged from the vivid university education in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, which regarded source research as evidence and also preferred it, with a history-Latin studies degree, and then undertook the analytical processing of medieval and early modern documents. Almost 120 years ago, Závodszky edited the law articles and synodal decisions of St. Stephen, St. Ladislaus and Coloman and their sources in a way that scholars still use today. His prolific publishing activity and impulse waned after 1914, clearly linked to the historical events of the period. After the First World War, he concentrated on the field of education, making his mark in the field of public education, teacher training as well as in textbook writing. It is symbolic that he died in 1938, the “year of St Stephen”, the 900th anniversary of the death of the state founder, at the age of 57 in Pécs, as head of the school district. His career, his many and varied activities as a historian, and his outstanding project, the publication of the law articles, justify commemorating him in the pages of this yearbook.
„Szocialista törvényesség” a Rákosi-korszak felsőoktatási fegyelmi eljárásaiban
Authors: Petra Polyák
Published: June 2022

’Socialist Legality’ of the Disciplinary Procedures in Institutions of Higher Education during the Rákosi Era

 

The New Course, the de-Stalinization programme of Prime Minister Imre Nagy introduced the concept of ‘socialist legality’ in the summer of 1953 in the official political discourse. Without challenging the legitimacy of the Communist regime, it promised political easement, reduction of repression, as well as correction of unlawful acts that encouraged many formerly expelled students to appeal for revision of their cases by the Ministry of Education. The new mantra of ‘socialist legality’ allowed them to interpret their experience as violations of their rights, gave them rhetoric tools to motivate the Ministry and the hope of having some control over the unpredictable and arbitrary disciplinary procedures. Their submissions, however, based on a more rational, more fair, more righteous, but still somewhat ‘socialist’ understanding of legality. The willingness of the regime for a limited self-correction generated some level of trust in the central institutions of the party state, but the moving force of the concept of the ‘socialist legality’ showed itself more apparently, as the expectations about the legal remedy did not meet the reality. The lack of responsibility, the still arbitrary decisions and the stubborn adherence to the logic of class struggle made the newly chanted promises of the ‘socialist legality’ after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1956) less believable. The need of legal remedy became evident which legitimized the individual experiences as violation of rights without formal institutional correction. Although driven by different motivations, the oddities of rehabilitation connected the ever-growing mass of people who demanded not only individual but systemic correction with ordinary participators of unlawful acts who showed themselves ready to draw moral conclusions of their decisions, however, did not want to bear the responsibility alone.
A Behavioral Receptive Field for Ocular Following in Monkeys: Spatial Summation and Its Spatial Frequency Tuning
Authors: Barthélemy Frédéric V. , Fleuriet Jérome , Perrinet Laurent U. , Masson Guillaume S.
Published: June 2022

In human and nonhuman primates, reflexive tracking eye movements can be initiated at very short latency in response to a rapid shift of the image. Previous studies in humans have shown that only a part of the central visual field is optimal for driving ocular following responses. Herein, we have investigated spatial summation of motion information, across a wide range of spatial frequencies and speeds of drifting gratings by recording short-latency ocular following responses in macaque monkeys. We show that the optimal stimulus size for driving ocular responses cover a small (diameter, <20°), central part of the visual field that shrinks with higher spatial frequency. This signature of linear motion integration remains invariant with speed and temporal frequency. For low and medium spatial frequencies, we found a strong suppressive influence from surround motion, evidenced by a decrease of response amplitude for stimulus sizes larger than optimal. Such suppression disappears with gratings at high frequencies. The contribution of peripheral motion was investigated by presenting grating annuli of increasing eccentricity. We observed an exponential decay of response amplitude with grating eccentricity, the decrease being faster for higher spatial frequencies. Weaker surround suppression can thus be explained by sparser eccentric inputs at high frequencies. A difference-of-Gaussians model best renders the antagonistic contributions of peripheral and central motions. Its best-fit parameters coincide with several, well known spatial properties of area MT neuronal populations. These results describe the mechanism by which central motion information is automatically integrated in a context-dependent manner to drive ocular responses.
Analysis of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) to the Economics and Accounting Teachers
Authors: Kholifaturrohmah Ramita , Mulasiwi Cut Misni
Published: June 2022

In this study, a TPACK model was tested which describes the relationship between variables including Technological Knowledge (TK), Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), and Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK). Tests were done that obtain results regarding to the variables influencing TPACK the most. Respondents in this study were 61 economics and accounting teachers in SMA, SMK and MA Negeri Banyumas Regency. This study used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire technique. PLS with Smartpla 3.0 software was used as a analysis tool in this study. Based at the results of studies and data analysis, we can conclude that the variable that had the finest effect on TPACK was Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), thus the economics and accounting teachers in SMA, MA and SMK must be able to improve their TPK abilities. This is carried out by integrating various appropriate technologies in learning approaches such as learning strategies and designs so it can be able to build new interactions in improving the learning process.
Effect of Learning Interest on Students' Study Habits at Accounting Department
Authors: Sibarani Blasius Erik , Wulandari Siska
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of student interest in learning on the study habits of Accounting Department’s student. The population in this study were all 107 students of class X Accounting Department at State Vocational High School 2 Balige. The data collection technique was in the form of a questionnaire. This research was conducted by using descriptive and verification or causality. The data obtained were analyzed by using the PLS Algorithm test, PLS Bootstrapping and hypothesis testing using the t-test. The results of the analysis obtained that the average reflected variance was above 0.5 and the outer loading indicator was higher than 0.6. The hypothesis testing value seen from the p-value (0.007 0.05), meant that H0 was rejected, so learning interest had influence on study habits, and and also encouraged an increase in student learning outcomes obtained from good study habits. Suggestion is that students can increase their self-awareness and will be able to further foster enthusiasm on learning interest.
El crecimiento económico de México y su dependencia de la política contracíclica de Estados Unidos en el marco de la integración
Authors: Lopez Arevalo Jorge Alberto
Published: June 2022

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado la economía global y la mayoría de los países se enfrenta a una crisis doble: sanitaria y económica. México tiene uno de los peores comportamientos en América Latina. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la dinámica económica de México, así como su respuesta a la crisis pandémica, prestando especial atención al papel que desempeña la política contracíclica de Estados Unidos.

Con base en el estudio de cambios e implicaciones del proceso de liberalización económica e integración comercial con Estados Unidos, así como de las pautas de crecimiento comparado y del presupuesto de gasto de ese país, se concluye que su política contracíclica contribuye al crecimiento económico mexicano.

Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la inexistencia de una hoja de ruta hacia el desmantelamiento del modelo económico neoliberal. México está atado al ciclo económico de Estados Unidos.
Digital Educational Technologies: Market Ends or Means at the Service of Critical Learning?
Authors: Gómez Torres Juan Rafael
Published: June 2022

This essay intends to show that digital technologies have their own goals since their creation and that some possible consequences of their indiscriminate use in education are misinformation, solipsism, loss of privacy and labor rights, the instrumentalization of reason and life, generating benefits for a few companies and business people that promote them to accumulate riches concentrated in few hands. From this reality, we propose that their use be revised so that their application does not follow parameters issued by big companies, financial entities, or neoliberal governments, that they be used critically, ethically, and politically to benefit those that have fewer opportunities, nature itself, those that are unprivileged, and social justice to reach an ethical, aesthetic, and transformative learning.
Hacia la alfabetización visual con estudiantes de posgrado: relato de experiencia con fotovoz
Authors: González Juárez Graciela
Published: June 2022

Photovoice is a assessment tool that relies on the use of images and narrative for the teaching, learning, and evaluation of graduate students. This document aims to recover the learning experience of students for the improvement of postgraduate teaching and took place during the 2019-2020 semester. The experience was designed to be conducted during 16 sessions at a qualitative evaluation seminar with five graduate students in Pedagogy. The SHOWED methodology was the presentation of photovoice’s at the end of each session to represent the significant learnings of revised qualitative learning assessment readings. The activity was concluded through a dossier in electronic and individual format that includes the best photovoice presented during the course. A self-assessment tool was designed to strengthen student performance throughout the course. The final work was reviewed with a rubric and the evaluation perspectives between the teacher and the students were discussed. The results show that students consider photovoice an innovative peer-assessment and self-assessment strategy with the use of the rubric: photovoice is a didactic resource that promotes visual literacy and digital narrative in graduate students.
Los procesos de formación continua como mecanismos de seguimiento a las personas graduadas de las carreras de enseñanza que imparte la División de Educología de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Ramírez Alfaro Herminia , Víquez Vargas Gerardina , Canales García Alba
Published: June 2022

This paper reports on the results of a study carried out in the framework of a university outreach project entitled: "Strengthening Pedagogical Mediation for Graduates of Teaching Majors” from División de Educología (DE), of Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Educación (CIDE) from Universidad Nacional of Costa Rica (UNA), which implements continuing education actions for the improvement of pedagogical mediation. This article aims to determine, from the perception of graduates in the teaching majors, the possible priority areas that require continuous training. The research was based on the naturalistic paradigm and a methodology that assumes a type of mixed research, based on the use of a questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions. The research was carried out in collaboration with 94 graduates from various institutions and areas of the country, who participated in the continuing education courses taught in 2018, so the results obtained cannot be generalized. Among the main results, the need for a continuous, systematic, and progressive training program that allows them to improve their pedagogical mediation in pedagogical areas, such as teaching, evaluation, teaching resources, and teaching professional development stand out.
Implementation of Oral Production Activities through Remote Learning: A Case Study of EFL Students at Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Authors: Carranza-Marchena Priscilla , Tapia-Loría Carolina
Published: June 2022

During the school year 2020, as in many other educational settings, classes at Universidad Nacional (UNA), Costa Rica, had to be rapidly transformed and adapted so that the pedagogical mediation process could be changed from the traditional face-to-face or in-class sessions to remote learning. This process, certainly, posed varied challenges in terms of the mediation process and technology-related issues, which had to be addressed efficiently in order to guarantee access to education. In this regard, this article is based on the experience lived with two groups of students taking English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in the course of English II (during the II term of 2020), at Campus Omar Dengo, Heredia, which were taught through remote learning. For this qualitative research, data were collected by means of a closed and open-ended questionnaire in which information related to the oral-production activities implemented during classes was gathered. This instrumental case study concludes with three main statements about the implementation of oral-production tasks: a) planning, b) scaffolding, and c) feedback.
Apuntes para una historia del Hospital de San Andrés. Salta (Argentina), primera mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Enrique Quinteros Víctor
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es reconstruir el derrotero del Hospital de San Andrés de la ciudad de Salta administrado por la orden de los betlemitas durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, a fin de reseñar las directrices del proyecto nosocomial puesto en marcha y, a través de este, abordar las relaciones fraguadas entre los poderes civiles y eclesiásticos en el periodo de transición del orden colonial al independiente. Trabajamos principalmente con diversas disposiciones instrumentadas, primero, por las autoridades coloniales en el marco del programa reformador impulsado por los borbones; segundo, por los gobiernos revolucionarios e independientes. El estudio propuesto nos permitirá exponer algunas características y trayectorias particulares del proceso de secularización en el escenario salteño.
Rendimiento y calidad de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivado bajo invernadero
Authors: Chacón Padilla Karla , Monge Pérez José Eladio
Published: June 2022

Se realizó una evaluación de rendimiento y calidad de cinco genotipos de pepino partenocárpico tipo americano (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivados bajo condiciones de invernadero durante la época seca en Alajuela, Costa Rica. La cosecha inició a los 31 días después del trasplante para todos los genotipos. Los datos muestran una amplia variabilidad entre genotipos en cuanto a longitud del fruto (21,10 – 23,85 cm), diámetro del fruto (48,57 – 49,97 mm), número total de frutos por planta (21,63 – 24,31), peso promedio del fruto (304,51 – 378,51 g), rendimiento por planta (6748,11 – 8540,18 g/planta), rendimiento comercial (15,12 – 19,04 kg/m2), rendimiento total (17,53 – 22,18 kg/m2), y porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales (3,40 – 3,89 °Brix). Los resultados más obtenidos son relevantes en tanto fue posible determinar que el genotipo Modan obtuvo el menor rendimiento de primera calidad y que los genotipos que obtuvieron el mayor rendimiento comercial fueron Primavera (19,04 kg/m2) y Corinto (18,27 kg/m2).
Presentación
Authors: Pensamiento Actual Revista
Published: June 2022

La Coordinación de Investigación se complace en presentar el volumen 17, número 29 de la Revista Pensamiento Actual.
Modelo que vincula planeación estratégica con el currículo flexible
Authors: Urcid Puga Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

En el siguiente artículo se presenta un modelo que muestra la interacción existente entre la planeación estratégica y la implementación del currículo flexible en las Instituciones de Educación Superior -IES-. El objetivo de esta investigación fue poner de manifiesto el vínculo existente entre el cambio educativo del cual se es testigo, y su posible éxito ligado a la planeación estratégica desde el interior de las universidades. Este proyecto se realizó con una metodología cualitativa, concretamente, se utilizaron herramientas de investigación documentada, en el que se realizó un acercamiento a los temas relacionados con la educación basada en competencias, la educación y currículo flexible, la planeación y procesos estratégicos, entre otros tópicos relacionados con el gráfico propuesto. Además, este documento tuvo un corte transversal en el que no se manipularon variables. Como resultado se obtuvo un modelo multidireccional basado en una idea central: la planeación estratégica y la flexibilidad curricular que debe imperar en las instituciones de educación superior.
Co-variability of daily milk production traits, haematological and biochemical parameters in the blood serum and milk of Holstein cows
Authors:   Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food, Vinkovačka cesta 63c, Osijek, Croatia, Poljak Franjo
Published: June 2022

Aiming to determine the variability and co-variability of daily production traits and biochemical as well as haematological parameters, blood and milk were taken from 25 Holstein cows during a three-month period, on a monthly basis. Thereby differences in analysed parameters due to the animal’s health status (acidosis or ketosis risk or normal health status; defined accordingly to fat/protein ratio) were determined. According to the statistical analysis, the co-variability level varied depending on the set of the analysed traits (from negligible to strong). The determined differences between the analysed biochemical and haematological parameters due to the animal's health status were not statistically significant. The obtained results indicate that the analysed biochemical and haematological parameters cannot be used as accurate indicators of acidosis prevalence, while for indication of ketosis prevalence, glucose and urea content in blood, sedimentation after 24 hours, as well as protein and iron content in milk, could be used. Furthermore, test-day records could be used as a valuable indicator of the prevalence risk of metabolic disorders (acidosis/ketosis) but for unambiguous detection in animals with the indication of a prevalence risk, other diagnostic methods should be used.