bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Maize Productivity and N Use Efficiency in a No-Tillage Irrigated Farming System: Effect of Cropping Sequence and Fertilization Management
Authors: Salama Heba S. A. , Nawar Ali I. , Khalil Hassan E. , Shaalan Ahmed M.
Published: July 2021

The sequence of the preceding crops in a no-tillage farming system, could interact with the integrated use of mineral and organic nitrogen (N) sources in a way that improves the growth and productivity of the terminal maize crop, meanwhile, enhancing its N use efficiency (NUE). In the current study, six legume-cereal crop sequences, including faba bean, soybean, Egyptian clover, wheat, and maize were evaluated along two experimental rotations that ended up by planting the terminal maize crop. In addition, the effects of applying variable mineral nitrogen (MN) rates with and without the incorporation of farmyard manure (FYM) on the productive performance of maize and its NUE were tested. The field experiments were conducted in a no-tillage irrigated farming system in Northern Egypt, a location that is characterized by its arid, Mediterranean climate. Results revealed that increasing the legume component in the evaluated crop sequences, up to 75%, resulted in improved maize ear leaf area, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index, thus, a higher final grain yield, with the inclusion of Egyptian clover was slightly better than faba bean. Comparing the crop sequences with 50% legume contribution uncovered the positive effects of soybean preceding crop on the terminal maize crop. Substituting 25% of the applied MN with FYM resulted in similar maize yields to the application of the equivalent 100% MN rates. The fertilizer treatments significantly interacted with the crop sequences in determining the maize grain yield, where the highest legume crop contribution in the crop sequence (75%) equalized the effects of the different fertilizer treatments on maize grain yield. The integrated use of FYM with MN in maize fertilization improved the NUE compared to the application of MN alone. Comparing fertilization treatments with similar MN content, with and without FYM, revealed that the difference in NUE was attributed to the additional amount of FYM. In similar conditions to the current study, it is recommended to grow faba bean two years before maize, while Egyptian clover could be grown directly preceding maize growth, with frequent inclusion of soybean in the sequence, this could be combined with the application of an average of 200 kg MN ha−1 in addition to FYM.
The Effect of Load Control on the Performance of Contra-Rotating Fans
Authors: Zhang Xi , Jia Xingyu , Jiang Xuan
Published: July 2021

In recent years, few studies focused on adjusting the load distribution of contra-rotating fan (CRF) blades. To improve the overall performance of CRFs, we used a design code to build 32 sets of CRFs to determine the effects of three factors—the front and rear rotor load matching, the load distribution of each rotor and the axial distance between the rotors—on the total pressure rise and efficiency of CRFs using numerical calculations. The relationship between the CRF blades load and velocity components was theoretically analyzed using blade element analysis and the forward problem method. According to the performance curve, it can be concluded that the rear rotor (RR) is the key factor that determines the performance of CRFs. Through analyzing Mach number contours from different perspectives, the relationship between velocity and adjustment load was verified. Furthermore, the flow field characteristics for three specific CRFs were explored at the stall points, design points and choke points to reveal their flow mechanisms. This study provides a reference for the CRF blade design method.
Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Jiang Zhiwei , Hu Di , Zhao Zhiyue , Yi Zixiao , Chen Zuo , Yan Kai
Published: July 2021

Efficient conversion of renewable biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels is regarded as an alternative route to reduce our high dependence on fossil resources and the associated environmental issues. In this context, biomass-based furfural and levulinic acid (LA) platform chemicals are frequently utilized to synthesize various valuable chemicals and biofuels. In this review, the reaction mechanism and catalytic system developed for the generation of furfural and levulinic acid are summarized and compared. Special efforts are focused on the different catalytic systems for the synthesis of furfural and levulinic acid. The corresponding challenges and outlooks are also observed.
Building Multi-Feature Fusion Refined Network for Building Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Ran Shuhao , Gao Xianjun , Yang Yuanwei , Li Shaohua , Zhang Guangbin , Wang Ping
Published: July 2021

Deep learning approaches have been widely used in building automatic extraction tasks and have made great progress in recent years. However, the missing detection and wrong detection causing by spectrum confusion is still a great challenge. The existing fully convolutional networks (FCNs) cannot effectively distinguish whether the feature differences are from one building or the building and its adjacent non-building objects. In order to overcome the limitations, a building multi-feature fusion refined network (BMFR-Net) was presented in this paper to extract buildings accurately and completely. BMFR-Net is based on an encoding and decoding structure, mainly consisting of two parts: the continuous atrous convolution pyramid (CACP) module and the multiscale output fusion constraint (MOFC) structure. The CACP module is positioned at the end of the contracting path and it effectively minimizes the loss of effective information in multiscale feature extraction and fusion by using parallel continuous small-scale atrous convolution. To improve the ability to aggregate semantic information from the context, the MOFC structure performs predictive output at each stage of the expanding path and integrates the results into the network. Furthermore, the multilevel joint weighted loss function effectively updates parameters well away from the output layer, enhancing the learning capacity of the network for low-level abstract features. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed BMFR-Net outperforms the other five state-of-the-art approaches in both visual interpretation and quantitative evaluation.
New Insights into the Pulang Porphyry Copper Deposit in Southwest China: Indication of Alteration Minerals Detected Using ASTER and WorldView-3 Data
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhao Zhifang , Zhou Jiaxi , Zeng Min , Xia Jisheng , Sun Tao , Zhao Xin
Published: July 2021

The Pulang porphyry copper deposit (PCD), one of the main potential areas for copper resource exploration in China, exhibits typical porphyry alteration zoning. However, further investigation of the indicative significance of alteration minerals, additional insight into metallogenic characteristics, and prospecting guidelines continue to be challenging. In this study, ASTER and WorldView-3 data were used to map hydrothermal alteration minerals by employing band ratios, principal component analysis, and spectrum-area techniques; and subsequently, the indication significance of alteration minerals was studied in-depth. The following new insights into the metallogenic structure and spatial distribution of alteration zoning in Pulang PCD were obtained and verified. (1) A new NE trending normal fault, passing through the northeast of Pulang PCD, was discovered. (2) Two mineralization alteration centers, exhibiting alteration zoning characteristics of potassic-silicified, phyllic, and propylitic zones from the inside to the outside, were observed on both sides of the fault. (3) At the junction of the redivided potassic-silicification and phyllic zones, favorable prospecting potential areas were delineated. This study shows that the spectral/multi-sensor satellite data are valuable and cost-effective tools for the preliminary stages of porphyry copper exploration in inaccessible and remote areas around the world.
Intra-Pulse Modulation Classification of Radar Emitter Signals Based on a 1-D Selective Kernel Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yuan Shibo , Wu Bin , Li Peng
Published: July 2021

The intra-pulse modulation of radar emitter signals is a key feature for analyzing radar systems. Traditional methods which require a tremendous amount of prior knowledge are insufficient to accurately classify the intra-pulse modulations. Recently, deep learning-based methods, especially convolutional neural networks (CNN), have been used in classification of intra-pulse modulation of radar emitter signals. However, those two-dimensional CNN-based methods, which require dimensional transformation of the original sampled signals in the stage of data preprocessing, are resource-consuming and poorly feasible. In order to solve these problems, we proposed a one-dimensional selective kernel convolutional neural network (1-D SKCNN) to accurately classify the intra-pulse modulation of radar emitter signals. Compared with other previous methods described in the literature, the data preprocessing of the proposed method merely includes zero-padding, fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and amplitude normalization, which is much faster and easier to achieve. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method has the advantages of faster speed in data preprocessing and higher accuracy in intra-pulse modulation classification of radar emitter signals.
Optimally-Weighted Image-Pose Approach (OWIPA) for Distracted Driver Detection and Classification
Authors: Koay Hong Vin , Chuah Joon Huang , Chow Chee-Onn , Chang Yang-Lang , Rudrusamy Bhuvendhraa
Published: July 2021

Distracted driving is the prime factor of motor vehicle accidents. Current studies on distraction detection focus on improving distraction detection performance through various techniques, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). However, the research on detection of distracted drivers through pose estimation is scarce. This work introduces an ensemble of ResNets, which is named Optimally-weighted Image-Pose Approach (OWIPA), to classify the distraction through original and pose estimation images. The pose estimation images are generated from HRNet and ResNet. We use ResNet101 and ResNet50 to classify the original images and the pose estimation images, respectively. An optimum weight is determined through grid search method, and the predictions from both models are weighted through this parameter. The experimental results show that our proposed approach achieves 94.28% accuracy on AUC Distracted Driver Dataset.
Effect of Acute Static Stretching on the Activation Patterns Using High-Density Surface Electromyography of the Gastrocnemius Muscle during Ramp-Up Task
Authors: Maeda Noriaki , Komiya Makoto , Nishikawa Yuichi , Morikawa Masanori , Tsutsumi Shogo , Tashiro Tsubasa , Fukui Kazuki , Kimura Hiroaki , Urabe Yukio
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to evaluate motor unit recruitment during submaximal voluntary ramp contraction in the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle (MG) by high-density spatial electromyography (SEMG) before and after static stretching (SS) in healthy young adults. SS for gastrocnemius was performed in 15 healthy participants for 2 min. Normalized peak torque by bodyweight of the plantar flexor, muscle activity at peak torque, and muscle activation patterns during ramp-up task were evaluated before and after SS. Motor unit recruitment during the submaximal voluntary contraction of the MG was measured using SEMG when performing submaximal ramp contractions during isometric ankle plantar flexion from 30 to 80% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). To evaluate the changes in the potential distribution of SEMG, the root mean square (RMS), modified entropy, and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated from the dense surface EMG data when 10% of the MVC force was applied. Muscle activation patterns during the 30 to 80% of MVC submaximal voluntary contraction tasks were significantly changed from 50 to 70% of MVC after SS when compared to before. The variations in motor unit recruitment after SS indicate diverse motor unit recruitments and inhomogeneous muscle activities, which may adversely affect the performance of sports activities.
Power and Radio Resource Management in Femtocell Networks for Interference Mitigation
Authors: Alotaibi Sultan , Sinky Hassan
Published: July 2021

The growth of mobile traffic volume has been exploded because of the rapid improvement of mobile devices and their applications. Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) can be an attractive solution in order to adopt the exponential growth of wireless data. Femtocell networks are accommodated within the concept of HetNets. The implementation of femtocell networks has been considered as an innovative approach that can improve the network’s capacity. However, dense implementation and installation of femtocells would introduce interference, which reduces the network’s performance. Interference occurs when two adjacent femtocells are operated with the same radio resources. In this work, a scheme, which comprises two stages, is proposed. The first step is to distribute radio resources among femtocells, where each femtocell can identify the source of the interference. A constructed table is generated in order to measure the level of interference for each femtocell. Accordingly, the level of interference for each sub-channel can be recognized by all femtocells. The second stage includes a mechanism that helps femtocell base stations adjust their transmission power autonomously to alleviate the interference. It enforces a cost function, which should be realized by each femtocell. The cost function is calculated based on the production of undesirable interference impact, which is introduced by each femtocell. Hence, the transmission power is adjusted autonomously, where undesirable interference can be monitored and alleviated. The proposed scheme is evaluated through a MATLAB simulation and compared with other approaches. The simulation results show an improvement in the network’s capacity. Furthermore, the unfavorable impact of the interference can be managed and alleviated.
Wheat Ear Recognition Based on RetinaNet and Transfer Learning
Authors: Li Jingbo , Li Changchun , Fei Shuaipeng , Ma Chunyan , Chen Weinan , Ding Fan , Wang Yilin , Li Yacong , Shi Jinjin , Xiao Zhen
Published: July 2021

The number of wheat ears is an essential indicator for wheat production and yield estimation, but accurately obtaining wheat ears requires expensive manual cost and labor time. Meanwhile, the characteristics of wheat ears provide less information, and the color is consistent with the background, which can be challenging to obtain the number of wheat ears required. In this paper, the performance of Faster regions with convolutional neural networks (Faster R-CNN) and RetinaNet to predict the number of wheat ears for wheat at different growth stages under different conditions is investigated. The results show that using the Global WHEAT dataset for recognition, the RetinaNet method, and the Faster R-CNN method achieve an average accuracy of 0.82 and 0.72, with the RetinaNet method obtaining the highest recognition accuracy. Secondly, using the collected image data for recognition, the R2 of RetinaNet and Faster R-CNN after transfer learning is 0.9722 and 0.8702, respectively, indicating that the recognition accuracy of the RetinaNet method is higher on different data sets. We also tested wheat ears at both the filling and maturity stages; our proposed method has proven to be very robust (the R2 is above 90). This study provides technical support and a reference for automatic wheat ear recognition and yield estimation.
A P-Hub Location Problem for Determining Park-and-Ride Facility Locations with the Weibit-Based Choice Model
Authors: Kitthamkesorn Songyot , Chen Anthony , Opasanon Sathaporn , Jaita Suwicha
Published: July 2021

Park and ride (P&R) facilities provide intermodal transfer between private vehicles and public transportation systems to alleviate urban congestion. This study developed a mathematical programming formulation for determining P&R facility locations. A recently developed Weibit-based model was adopted to represent the traveler choice behavior with heterogeneity. The model’s independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) property was explored and used to linearize its nonlinear probability. Some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate a feature of the proposed mixed integer linear programing (MILP). The results indicate a significant impact of route-specific perception variance on the optimal P&R facility locations in a real-size transportation network.
Effects of Domestic and Wild Ungulate Management on Young Oak Size and Architecture
Authors: López-Sánchez Aida , Roig Sonia , Dirzo Rodolfo , Perea Ramón
Published: July 2021

Scattered oaks in traditional silvopastoral systems (i.e., “dehesas”) provide important ecological services. However, livestock intensification applied to these systems over the last century has affected the architecture of young oak plants. This unsuitable rangeland management practice jeopardizes the long-term system sustainability. Here we examine the alterations in architecture of regenerating oak plants in Mediterranean dehesas under three representative management regimes: (1) traditional management with extensive sheep grazing; (2) commercially driven management with extensive cattle grazing, and (3) native deer grazing at moderate stocking rates (<0.11 livestock units × ha−1). Plant architecture was considerably altered in cattle-grazed “dehesas”, finding a 50% reduction in plant height–diameter ratios, compared to sheep-grazed dehesas where plants with higher height–diameter ratios predominated. Young oak plants, however, showed less altered architecture and less probability of damage on shoot apex (0.20-fold difference) in areas with deer grazing at moderate stocking rates. In addition, those young oak plants with multi-stemmed individual architecture were more stunted (lower values of crown height–diameter ratio) in areas with livestock grazing than wildlife areas (0.78-fold difference). Shrub presence, under all management schemes, helped to increase in plant height, except when shrubs were located under tree canopies. Conversely, plants without shrub protection showed stunted architecture with well-developed basal diameters but short stature. Appropriate sustainable practices should include cattle stocking rate reduction, traditional sheep grazing promotion, nurse shrub preservation and fencing stunted individuals along with pruning basal sprouts. Our study indicates that management may have important consequences on dehesa regeneration via alterations of plant architecture and therefore on system sustainability.
The Effects of Tunnel Technology on Crop Productivity and Livelihood of Smallholder Farmers in Nepal
Authors: KC Diwakar , Jamarkattel Dinesh , Maraseni Tek , Nandwani Dilip , Karki Pratibha
Published: July 2021

Technologies-based production practices are critical for agricultural growth and sustainable development in low-income countries like Nepal. In the last few years, tunnel house has been increasingly promoted as tools to enhance smallholder farmers’ livelihood and tackle climate adversaries. However, little is known about what factor determines its adoption and whether it helps smallholders adapt to climate change and experience better livelihood. We address these gaps using the cross-sectional survey data collected from 62 adopters and 92 non-adopters in three municipalities of Bagmati Province. We employed descriptive analysis and probit model and found out that age, farm size, and ethnicity strongly influence the technology adoption amongst smallholder farmers. Additionally, treatment model and ordinary least square (OLS) regression were utilized to examine tunnel technology’s effect. Our study shows that tunnel significantly increases production by 32 tons/year/hectare and protects crops from climate change effects such as heavy rainfall and temperature change. Likewise, tunnel technology increases the net crop income by $1700/year/hectare. However, the economic benefit is not substantial compared to technology’s adoption cost as adopters incur enormous costs of $12,000/year/hectare on equipment, labor and resources. These results suggest policymakers should concentrate on reducing the technology’s cost, which could be achieved through subsidies, financial support, or price control mechanisms. Ensuring technology’s affordability can contribute to smallholder farmers’ sustainable livelihood in Nepal and countries with similar contexts.
Thermodynamic Description of the ACl-ThCl4 (A = Li, Na, K) Systems
Authors: Ocádiz Flores Jaén , Rooijakkers Bas , Konings Rudy , Smith Anna
Published: July 2021

The ACl-ThCl4 (A = Li, Na, K) systems could be of relevance to the nuclear industry in the near future. A thermodynamic investigation of the three binary systems is presented herein. The excess Gibbs energy of the liquid solutions is described using the quasi-chemical formalism in the quadruplet approximation. The phase diagram optimisations are based on the experimental data available in the literature. The thermodynamic stability of the liquid solutions increases in the order Li < Na < K, in agreement with idealised interactions and structural models.
Fatal Case of Rabies in a Captive White-Tailed Deer: A Case Report from Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Franco-Molina Moisés Armides , Santana-Krímskaya Silvia Elena , Cortés-García Baltazar , Sánchez-Aldana-Pérez Jorge Alejandro , García-Jiménez Oscar , Kawas Jorge
Published: July 2021

Rabies is a fatal viral infection that causes enc ephalitis in warm-blooded animals, including humans. Dog-transmitted rabies is considered eradicated in Mexico; however, rabies is not being tested in livestock with neurological symptoms (one of the main manifestations of rabies disease). In this case report, we describe a rabies case in a white-tailed deer in the Santo Domingo ranch, in Catazajá, Chiapas, Mexico, where white-tailed deer are kept under captivity, and are meant for human consumption. This is the first report of a rabies case in white-tailed deer in Mexico. We also describe the challenges to obtain a rabies diagnosis and the lack of public health policies to ensure containment of the disease, as well as the lack of awareness among farmers in the area. One single confirmed case of rabies indicates that more animals are affected by the disease. The risk for human health and economical losses will remain unknown until rabies tests are routinely performed in animals that present neurological symptoms.
Two Applications of the Analytic Conformal Bootstrap: A Quick Tour Guide
Authors: Bissi Agnese , Dey Parijat , Fardelli Giulia
Published: July 2021

We reviewed the recent developments in the study of conformal field theories in generic space time dimensions using the methods of the conformal bootstrap, in its analytic aspect. These techniques are solely based on symmetries, particularly on the analytic structure and in the associativity of the operator product expansion. We focused on two applications of the analytic conformal bootstrap: the study of the ϵ expansion of the Wilson–Fisher model via the introduction of a dispersion relation and the large N expansion of the maximally supersymmetric Super Yang–Mills theory in four dimensions.
Cell Population Data and Serum Polyclonal Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains in the Assessment of COVID-19 Severity
Authors: Małecka-Giełdowska Milena , Fołta Maria , Wiśniewska Agnieszka , Czyżewska Emilia , Ciepiela Olga
Published: July 2021

Distinguishing between severe and nonsevere COVID-19 to ensure adequate healthcare quality and efficiency is a challenge for the healthcare system. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of CBC parameters together with analysis of FLC serum concentration in risk stratification of COVID-19. Materials and methods: CBC was analyzed in 735 COVID ICU, COVID non-ICU, and non-COVID ICU cases. FLC concentration was analyzed in 133 of them. Results: COVID ICU had neutrophils and lymphocytes with the greatest size, granularity, and nucleic acid content. Significant differences in concentrations of κ and λ FLCs were shown between COVID ICU and COVID non-ICU. However, no difference was found in the κ/λ ratio between these groups, and the ratio stayed within the reference value, which indicates the presence of polyclonal FLCs. FLC κ measurement has significant power to distinguish between severe COVID-19 and nonsevere COVID-19 (AUC = 0.7669), with a sensitivity of 86.67% and specificity of 93.33%. The κ coefficients’ odds ratio of 3.0401 was estimated. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the results obtained from the measure of free light immunoglobulin concentration in serum are useful in distinguishing between severe and nonsevere COVID-19.
Comparative Study of Optical Markers to Assess Bait System Efficiency Concerning Vaccine Release in the Oral Cavity of Dogs
Authors: Langguth Anna , Leelahapongsathon Kansuda , Wannapong Napasaporn , Kasemsuwan Suwicha , Ortmann Steffen , Vos Ad , Böer Michael
Published: July 2021

Oral vaccination of dogs against rabies has the potential to achieve mass coverage and thus deplete the virus of its most important reservoir host species. There is, however, no established non-invasive method to evaluate vaccine release in the oral cavity, following bait ingestion. In this study, two pre-selected marker methods in conjunction with their acceptance were assessed in local Thai dogs. Shelter dogs (n = 47) were offered one of four randomized bait formulations; bait type A-, containing Green S (E142) in a fructose solution; type B-, containing Patent Blue V (E131) in a fructose solution; type C-, containing the medium used for delivery of oral rabies vaccine in baits commercially produced; and type D-, containing denatonium benzoate, which was to serve as the negative control, due to its perceived bitterness. Patent Blue V was found to possess overall stronger dyeing capacities compared to Green S. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the acceptance or bait handling of Patent Blue V baits compared to those containing the oral rabies vaccine medium alone, suggesting the potential use of this dye as a surrogate for rabies vaccine when testing newly developed bait formats.
Teologia Moral Contemporânea: ética e hermenêutica em 1Jo 2,15-17
Authors: Frecheiras Marta Luzie de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

“Teologia moral contemporânea: ética e hermenêutica em 1Jo 2,15-17” propõe uma reflexão acerca das questões morais que assolam a humanidade. Traça rotas de investigação para a compreensão da moral nos livros bíblicos, detendo-se nas Cartas Católicas – aspectos principais da primeira Epístola de João – e realiza uma análise particular da ética na hermenêutica de 1Jo 2,15-17, a fim de poder demonstrar que o papel da teologia moral católica na contemporaneidade é o de “humanizar” o ser humano, reafirmando que não há outro modelo a ser seguido a não ser Jesus Cristo.

 

Palavras-chave: Ética e moral; Bíblia e moral; ética religiosa; ética cristã; mundanidade.
DEVELOPMENT OF A STATISTICAL MODEL FOR THE SYSTEM OF INSTRUMENTAL SORTING OF MINK SKINS BY COLOUR-DIFFERENCE PARAMETERS
Authors: Sapozhnikova Alla I. , Grebenyova Yuliya S. , Reusova Tat’yana V.
Published: July 2021

The creation of a system of instrumental quantitative assessment of the hair colour of mink skins is a topical and timely task, due to the fact that the methods of visual assessment of the colour of skins during sorting do not meet the current level of scientific and technological progress. The authors used statistical analysis methods to show the possibility of colour separation of mink skins using the colour parameters of the CIE L*a*b*colourimetric system. It is found that the greatest contribution to the overall discrimination, and hence to the colour difference, is made by L*, lightness; the variable b* is second in this process, and the variable a* is characterised by the smallest contribution. The developed classification matrix allows us to summarise the information about the number and percentage of correctly classified cases for each colour type and assess the degree of compliance of the classification results obtained by formal discrimination with the actual distribution of skins. A statistical model of the system of instrumental sorting of mink skins by colour-difference parameters is proposed, which allows evaluating the correctness of assigning mink skins selected by visual expert method to certain colour types.
OF FUNCTIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMI-FINISHED LEATHER PROPERTIES WITH DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE USE
Authors: Pukhova Irina D. , Gorbacheva Mariya V. , Sukhinina Tat’yana V.
Published: July 2021

The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in the technology of obtaining a semi-finished leather product to improve its functional and technological properties and to intensify the process of leather production. The semi-finished leather product was prepared according to the traditional (control) and experimental technologies by dipping method. The experimental technology involved the introduction of DMSO into ash, pickle and tannin solutions in various concentrations: 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 % of the weight of the minnow for each operation, as well as in the proportion of 3.0 % in the ash solution and 1.5% in the pickle and tannin. The best results on the welding temperature and deformation properties of the semi-finished leather product were obtained when using DMSO in concentrations of 2.0:2.0:2.0 % and 3.0:1.5:1.5 % of the minnow weight. In addition, the advantage of the proposed technical solution is the ability to optimise the process of ashing and pickling.
ON THE EFFECT OF A GAS DISCHARGE ON THE PROPERTIES OF JUTE
Authors: Antonova Marina V. , Parsanov Aleksandr S.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the influence of high-frequency capacitive discharge on the mechanical proper-ties of jute fibres and jute fabrics. The surface changes of jute fibres were studied by scanning electron atomic force microscopy. The authors noted that after exposure to a gas discharge on the fibres, there is a smoothing of the relief boundaries, and the products of etching of the fibre surface are also visible; when etching in the air, destructed areas appear, the surface is damaged and becomes inhomogeneous. An increase in the strength of jute fibres during modification in reactive and inert gases was revealed. During the experiments, it was found that the strength of the samples of jute fibres treated in the high-frequency capacitive discharge in the argon and nitrogen medium is higher than the original fibre samples by an average of 23 %. According to experimental data, an increase in the breaking load of jute fabrics was found to be up to 20% on average. The use of plasma modification at the stage of preparation of jute fibres for carding processes is recommended.
OBTAINING COMPOSITE FIBROUS MATERIALS BY ELECTROSPINNING FROM SOLUTIONS OF POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE WITH THE ADDITION OF CARBON NANOTUBES
Authors: Smirnov Maksim M. , Korabelnikov Andrey R.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the research and testing of a method for producing nonwoven material from nano- and microfibres saturated with carbon nanotubes by the method of electrospinning, the study of the effect of ultrasonic treatment of a polymer solution and the addition of carbon nanotubes on the properties of the solution and the morphology of the resulting material. As a result of the study, samples of materials were obtained from solutions of polymethylmethacrylate, treated and not treated with ultrasound, organoleptic and microscopic studies of the obtained samples were carried out. A decrease in the viscosity of a polymer solution treated with ultrasound and a significant decrease in the diameter of fibres obtained from such solutions were found.
MODELLING THE OPERATION OF ROTARY PUMPS
Authors: Petrovsky Vladimir S. , Arkhipov Denis I.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the operation of a three-bladed rotary pump, the blade profile of which consists of several conjugate circles. It is shown that the size of the gap between the rotors is an important pa-rameter that affects the quality of pumps. When designing using CAD systems, it is possible to identify gross errors, for example, the intersection of surfaces, to determine the amount of gap between the rotors at a fixed position of the mechanism. However, it is not possible to determine the size of the gap in the dynamics of the given software, it is necessary to develop a digital model of the mechanism. The model of interaction of two rotors considered in the article, implemented in the Mathcad program, allows determining the size and nature of the gap change during the operation of the mechanism.
RISK FACTORS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND THEIR ASSESSMENT IN FORESTRY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Morkovina Svetlana , Netrebskaya Oksana
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the complex groups of risks of state forest management: strategic; managerial; operational (natural and climatic), legal (legal), property (related to property, forest resources and land), financial, commercial, technological; informational; security risks; design (software); reputational. Macro-level risk factors determine the state forest policy, transformed into strategies, development programs and implemented at the level of the Ministry of Natural Resources. Risk factors at the meso-level of forest management determine the effectiveness of the interaction of the Federal Forestry Agency with participants in forestry relations in order to ensure rational, continuous and sustainable forest management, reproduction, protection and protection of forests. Micro-level factors are implemented in regional forestry systems. For the purpose of assessing their significance and probability of occurrence, an expert method was used, implemented at the meso and micro levels of state forest management. The most priority for the state forest management at the meso-level are strategic (programmatic), financial, commercial risk factors, as well as security risks, while for the micro-level, natural-climatic and personnel risk factors are also among the priorities. To create a unified state risk management system in forest management, it is necessary to develop a unified approach that takes into account complex risk groups differentiated in the context of regional systems.
Alternatif Pemilihan Laptop Bagi Mahasiswa Di Jakarta Utara Menggunakan Metode Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Elnatan Refael , Tannady Hendy
Published: July 2021

Laptops are thing that are needed by the community in educational activities and in work activities, but the accuracy in choosing laptops based on needs is difficult because there are many laptop brands with a variety of prices and features. This study discusses the selection of laptops as a daily driver for students in North Jakarta, researchusing the AHP method to analyze several alternatives that have been determined based on filling priority weights between criteria and criteria, and alternatives with alternativesfor each criterion. The results of this study indicate that the price, processor, and RAM criteria are the three biggest criteria determining laptop selection. The alternative chosen in this study is the ASUS A456UR
Dampak Bunga Tabungan, Pendapatan Perkapita, Inflasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Tabungan pada Credit Union
Authors: Maran  , Dharma Widya
Published: July 2021

Savings are generally embedded and accumulated in the long term in a bank. Savings in this study are public deposits that accumulate in the long term and receive remuneration in the form of interest, which is popular among Credit Unions (CU) with the term deposit remuneration. Savings or deposits in CU need to be studied more deeply. Savings in CU is one solution to save for the poor, and do not have access to banking institutions. In this study, we want to know the impact of interest rates, Regional Gross Domestic Product (GRDP) growth per capita, inflation rates and economic growth on savings or deposits in CU, in West Kalimantan. This study uses the associative method with multiple linear analysis techniques, using secondary data, from 19 CUs in West Kalimantan, with a period of 2009 to 2019. Our results show that deposit interest rates, per capita income, inflation rates and economic growth simultaneously affect savings. or savings in CU, but the effect is very small. Partially, deposit interest rates, per capita income, inflation rates, and economic growth have no effect on the development of savings or deposits in CU in West Kalimantan.
Analisa Sistem Informasi Pemliharaan Prasarana Jalan dan Jembatan Dinas Pekerjaan Umum (PU)
Authors: Firna Yenila  , Mutiana Pratiwi  , Devia Kartika  , Rima Liana Gema  , Gustiawan Efendi
Published: July 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian pada Kantor Dinas Pekerjaan Umum (PU) Kabupaten Pasaman Baratdimana permasalahan  yang  dijadikan  sebagai  dasar  dalam  penelitian  ini  yaitu penyajian  informasi  Mengenai prasarana  Jalan  Dan   jembatansecara  cepat  dan  tepat.  Dengan  proses  observasi   secara   langsung kelapangan   telah   mendapatkan   kelemahan   sistem   yang   sedang   berjalan.   Walaupun   tidak   secara keseluruhan   namun   lebih   mengarah   pada   masalah   spesifik,   tetapi   diharapkan dapat   membantu permasalahan  dalam penyajian  informasi  prasarana  jalan  dan  jembatan. Penulis  merancang  sistem informasi dalam  pemeliharaan  jalan  dan  jembatankarena  dengan  sistem  informasi  ini  akan  lebih  cepat, tepat  dan  akurat  dalam penyajianinformasi  kepada pihak-pihak  berkepentingan  dalam  Dinas  Pekerjaan Umum (PU) Kabupaten Pasaman Barat
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMBERIAN KREDIT MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS PADA BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT (BPR) BATANG TARUSAN
Authors: Dodi Guswandi
Published: July 2021

The rapidly technology process on globalisasion era in business world, makes the decision making is the important thing to make decision faced with the competition in business world. The decision making can be influence by a few aspect and group, which can influence the decision maker to accelerate the fast, perfectly and correctly the decision making.This software created by using Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Where this algorithm do the process of calculating to get the best decision, using the score group of calculation and compare it with each possibility count of the choosen decision. This software specially will be use to decision support in present credit to PT. BPR Batang Tarusan.From design and the testing the application of decision support system result a correct and flexible decision with all criteria which influence that decision and give a report in order to director can understand why this software choose that decision.
Why we need social research students to engage explicitly with methods pedagogy, to enhance learning engagement
Authors: Ferrie Jo
Published: July 2021

Teaching research methods is difficult. This paper is situated in a context where undergraduate and postgraduate social science methods teaching in the UK, as in much of the world tends to be delivered as separate quantitative and qualitative courses, sometimes with an additional research design course. In this piece I argue firstly, that teaching a combination of knowledge and skills, makes methods learning environments unique within our institutions. Secondly, students need help to shift towards a new way of approaching their learning. Finally, I explore the differences in pedagogical approach between quantitative and qualitative methods and how students benefit from this being made explicit. The tree analogy is introduced as a teaching device. This paper will explore how it helps students who have not studied methods before, or who lack confidence in prior learning, to understand the pedagogy behind the learning environment, and thus, help them engage with the learning.
A Memory Constrained Approximate Bayesian Inference Approach Using Incremental Construction of Clique Trees
Authors: Bathla Shivani , Vasudevan Vinita
Published: July 2021

The complexity of inference using the belief propagation algorithms increases exponentially with the maximum clique size. We describe an approximate inference approach when there are clique size limitations due to memory constraints using incremental construction of clique trees.
The Turmell-Metre: Using Draw Wire and Inertial Sensors for an In Vivo Ankle Kinematics Study
Authors: Vargas Riaño Julio Hernando , Valera Ángel , Agudelo Óscar
Published: July 2021

This work presents a device for the ankle kinematics study. It is portable, affordable and some parts can be 3D printed. It is based on the ankle anatomy and biomechanics, also, it can be applied for the characterization of the ankle axis or another models of the ankle.
Medium and long chain free fatty acid receptors in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases
Authors: Kytikova O. Yu. , Novgorodtseva T. P. , Denisenko Yu. K. , Antonyuk M. V. , Gvozdenko T. A.
Published: July 2021

Chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are a global problem of our time due to the widespread prevalence and difficulty of controlling the course. The mechanism of chronic inflammation in the bronchopulmonary system is closely related to metabolic disorders of lipids and their derivatives. Lipids and their mediators play both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory role in chronic inflammatory bronchopulmonary pathology. In particular, free fatty acids (FFAs) perform important signaling and regu latory functions in the body, coordinating metabolic and immune relationships. The mechanism that potentially binds FFAs and inflammatory reactions involves the activation of their receptors (FFAR – free fatty acid receptor), which are expressed on the cells of the respiratory tract, as well as on nerve and immune cells. Currently, FFARs are considered attractive targets in the treatment of chronic bronchopulmonary pathology, since modulation of their activity through the use of alimentary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can affect the activity and resolution of neuroimmune inflammation in the bronchopulmonary system. However, controversial issues regarding their effectiveness and dose standardization of PUFA continue to limit their widespread use. This review summarizes the literature data on the role of medium- and longchain FFAs in the body’s immunoregulation in normal conditions and in chronic bronchopulmonary pathology. Data on medium and long chain FFA receptors – FFAR1 and FFAR4, FFAR-mediated signaling pathways in the regulation of metabolism and immune responses are systematized. The perspective and complex issues of the use of fatty acids in the treatment of chronic bronchopulmonary pathology are discussed.
Evolution of bronchial obstruction pattern in children of presсhool age
Authors: Markovskaya A. I. , Potapova N. L. , Gaymolenko I. N.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The diagnosis of asthma presents objective difficulties in children aged less than 5 years. Not all children with recurrent virus-induced obstruction can further develop asthma.

Aim. To assess the realization of different clinical and pathogenetic variants of bronchoobstructive syndrome in the child population.

Materials and methods. Risk factors of 75 patients with bronchoobstructive syndrome in the first 5 years of life were retrospectively evaluated. 57 patients were surveyed using the “Asthma Prediction Tool” questionnaire. At the end of the follow-up period (one year), cases of bronchial asthma were evaluated.

Results. A predictive contribution to the implementation of the recurrent variant of bronchoobstructive syndrome has a burdened hereditary allergic anamnesis (OR=5,4, CI 1,79-16,46, p<0,05) and the presence of atopic dermatitis (OR=7,7, CI 2,73-21,95, p><0,05). Symptoms of allergic rhinitis in combination with hypertrophy of the Palatine tonsils in 6,06 and 3,45 times, respectively, increase the risk of bronchial asthma (p><0.05). Conclusion. As a result of research, there are significant factors in the implementation of bronchial asthma such as concomitant allergic diseases in combination with a hereditary background and hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils. The>˂ 0,05) and the presence of atopic dermatitis (OR=7,7, CI 2,73-21,95, p˂ 0,05). Symptoms of allergic rhinitis in combination with hypertrophy of the Palatine tonsils in 6,06 and 3,45 times, respectively, increase the risk of bronchial asthma (p˂ 0.05).

Conclusion. As a result of research, there are significant factors in the implementation of bronchial asthma such as concomitant allergic diseases in combination with a hereditary background and hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils. The “Asthma Prediction Tool” questionnaire allows you to predict the development of bronchial asthma in patients with episodic and recurrent bronchial obstruction. The article will be useful for both pediatricians and primary care professionals, as it allows to rationally influence the risks of bronchial asthma formation.
Assessment of indicators of pulmonary volemia and systemic inflammatory response in patients with comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and ischemic heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Sergeev E. A. , Geltser B. I. , Said Shokh S. M.Kh. , Kotelnikov V. N. , Markelova E. V.
Published: July 2021

Inroduction. Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is an obligatory manifestation of operational stress affecting the functional status of patients, which is important to consider in persons with comorbid pathology.

Aim. Evaluation of the relationship between pulmonary volemia and SIR indicators in patients with comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Materials and methods. The study included 76 IHD patients aged 53 to 77 years who underwent CABG. Among the surveyed, 2 groups were identified: 39 patients with IHD and 37 – with a combination of IHD and COPD. The following indices were measured by transpulmonary thermodilution: pulmonary blood volume (PBV), extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI), pulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt). Determined the concentration in the blood of interleukin 6 and 10 (IL-6, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1), NLR - the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes; PLR – the ratio of platelets to lymphocytes.

Results. The most pronounced disturbances in the water balance of the lungs, manifested by an increase in EVLWI, PVPI and Qs/Qt were recorded in patients with comorbidity of COPD and IHD immediately after withdrawal from cardiopulmonary bypass. The PBV level at all measurement points in patients with COPD was lower, which indicated the prevalence of right ventricular failure. SIR on operational stress in this category of patients was manifested by the discoordination of the cytokine profile: a sharp increase in the concentration of IL-6 and IL-10 against the background of a relatively stable level of TNFα and TGF-β1, as well as an increase in NLR and PLR.

Conclusion. The unidirectional response of pulmonary volemia and SIR indicators to operational stress indicates the pathophysiological relationship of the studied phenomena.