bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical and chemical post-treatment of effluent from stabilization ponds: potential use of sludge in civil construction
Authors: Junior¹ Osmar Pereira Silva , Daniel¹ Luiz Antonio
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical wastewater post-treatment using ferric chloride and the organic coagulant Tanfloc of a facultative pond that treats domestic sewage. The study was divided into two steps. In the first step, the best coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation condition was determined for the coagulant dosage, which resulted in BOD removal efficiency compatible with the quality required to comply with the legislation, both for ferric chloride and Tanfloc. Afterward, 50 mg/L dosages for Tanfloc and 75 mg/L dosages for ferric chloride were established, defined in the first step. In the second step, the removal efficiency process was the following for ferric chloride and Tanfloc, respectively: 81.00 and 85.00% for BOD, 76.57 and 79.55% for COD, 81.54 and 40.67% for phosphorus, 42.76 and 48.39 for ammonia nitrogen and 1.13 and 1.72 log for E. coli. The results showed that the 50 mg/L Tanfloc coagulant dosages and 75 mg/L ferric chloride coagulant dosages produced wastewater quality compatible with the state of São Paulo environmental legislation. The sludge generated in the post-treatment was transformed into ash and the results of the XRF and XRD analyzes indicated the potential for use in civil construction.
A New Viscosity Implicit Approximation Method for Solving a class of variational inequalities over the common fixed points set of a finite family of non-expansive mappings in Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Sun Linqi , Xu Hongwen , Ma Yan
Published: April 2023

This paper is devoted to introducing a new implicit iterative algorithm based on viscosity approximation method and hybrid steepest-descent iterative method for finding the common fixed points set of a finite family of non-expansive mappings in Hilbert spaces. We certify that the sequences generated by this new implicit rule strongly converges to the unique solution of a class of variational inequalities under some suitable conditions of the parameters. The result extends and improves the corresponding results announced by many others. Moreover, applications to a broader family of λ-strictly pseudo-contractive mappings and generalized equilibrium problems. Finally, numerical results are given to clarify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm, which compares with the iterative scheme of Cai and Shehu.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 47H10, 47J25, 49J40.
The Acromegaly Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (Acro-TSQ): Turkish adaptation, validity, and reliability study
Authors: Sözen Mehmet , Köse Özlem , Çetinarslan Berrin , Cantürk Zeynep , Selek Alev , Demirhan Yeliz , Ertürk Erdinç , Hocaoğlu Erhan , Topaloglu Ömercan , Fırat Sevde Nur , Gezer Emre , Köksalan Damla , Karatoprak Ayfer Peker
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The patient-reported outcome becomes important to evaluate the situation perceived by the patients and to develop new strategies. This study aims to adapt the Acromegaly Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (Acro-TSQ), which was specially developed for patients with acromegaly, into Turkish by conducting a validity and reliability study.
Methods
After the translation and back-translation process, Acro-TSQ was filled in by face-to-face interviews with 136 patients diagnosed with acromegaly and currently receiving somatostatin analogue injection therapy. Internal consistency, content validity, construct validity, and reliability of the scale were determined.
Results
Acro-TSQ had a six-factor structure and explained 77.2% of the total variance in the variable. The Cronbach alpha value calculated for internal reliability showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.870). Factor loads of all items were found to be between 0.567 and 0.958. As a result of EFA analysis, one item fell into a different factor in the Turkish version of the Acro-TSQ, different from its original form. CFA analysis shows that acceptable fit values are obtained for fit indices.
Conclusion
The Acro-TSQ, a patient-reported outcome tool, shows good internal consistency, and good reliability, suggesting it is an appropriate assessment tool for patients with acromegaly in the Turkish population
Maturation and quality of seeds of an endangered tropical palm species (Euterpe edulis Martius) assessed by imaging and X-ray densitometry
Authors: Mello Tamyris , Zanardo Tadeu Ériton Caliman , Taliuli Yanara dos Santos , Simões Ingridh Medeiros , Baptista Julcinara Oliveira , Gonçalves Fabricio Gomes , Hegedus Clovis Eduardo Nunes , Schmildt Edilson Romais , Ferreira Adésio , Santos Heloisa Oliveira dos , Lopes José Carlos , Otoni Wagner Campos , Alexandre Rodrigo Sobreira
Published: April 2023

Euterpe edulis Martius is an endangered palm species that grows in the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado of South America. Economic exploitation of its antioxidant-rich fruits could ensure the sustainable management of this species. However, this relies on the rapid selection of high-quality seeds from which to derive seedlings. The objective of this study was to investigate the maturation of E. edulis seeds using image analysis and X-ray densitometry. Fruits were harvested from ten matrices at different stages of maturation, from 94 days after anthesis (DAA) to 290 DAA. Seed dry mass, water content, germination, vigor, and density were quantified at each stage. At the same time, seeds were analyzed by GroundEye® imaging, radiography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The highest dry mass was detected 255 DAA (0.83 g), in vitro germination began 115 DAA and achieved 100% from 150 DAA, and maximum vigor was observed 164 DAA, whereby 100% of seedlings appeared normal. X-ray imaging revealed dehydrated seeds and small mechanical damage, such as cracking of the pericarp. X-ray densitometry revealed that seed density increased considerably 185 DAA. SEM/EDS detected changes between maturation stages, such as the accumulation of K and Si, in the mesocarp and endocarp. Overall, E. edulis seeds presented maximum in vitro germination, vigor, percentage of normal seedlings, and physicochemical qualities 164 DAA (green epicarp), which corresponds to 126 days earlier compared with the fruits harvested 290 DAA (black epicarp) for ex vitro germination.
Spatiotemporal distribution of malaria in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elagali Ahmed , Shubayr Mosa , Alene Kefyalew , Elagali Asmaa
Published: April 2023

Background: Malaria is a significant public health concern in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of malaria in KSA between 2017 - 2021.
Methods: A spatial analysis was conducted using data for malaria cases stratified by Plasmodium species reported by the Ministry of Health for theperiod 2017 - 2021. Covariate data such as environmental, socio-economic, and demographic factors were assembled from different publicly available sources.
Results: A total of 13, 852 cases were reported from 20 provinces in KSA during the study period. The study indicated a decline in the overall number of reported cases from 2,715 in 2017 to 2,616 in 2021, primarily driven by a decrease in Plasmodium falciparum infections. However, the number of Plasmodium vivax cases increased in 2021. Southern provinces of KSA remained at higher risk dueto imported cases from neighboring Yemen. Socioeconomic and demographicfactors, such as access to healthcare and education, were found to affect malaria transmission. Environmental factors, such as temperature and rainfall, were also identified as determinants of malaria risk.
Conclusion: This study showed significant spatial variation in malaria cases in KSA that was related to underlying socioeconomic status and environmental factors. The findings of this study highlight the need for continued efforts tocontrol and eliminate malaria in KSA, particularly in provinces with higher risk of malaria.
Evaluation of the TLR 4 and TLR 5 genes methylation and mRNA expression in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Asadzadeh‐Aghdaei Hamid , Nourian Mahyar , Chaleshi Vahid , Zamani Naghmeh , Hashemi Mina alsadat , sadeghi Yasaman , Sani Mojtaba
Published: April 2023

Background
Immune system dysfunction, especially Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), is a major factor in the pathogenesis of IBD. The functional roles of TLR4 and TLR5 as mediators of innate immune responses to pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract and their association with epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of this disease are very important. We aimed to investigate the aberrant methylation changes in TLR4 and TLR5 gene promoter DNA sequences and evaluate the association of TLR4 and TLR5 gene expression with IBD patient subtypes.
Methods
This case-control study was performed on the tissues of 33 patients with inflammatory bowel disease and 20 healthy controls. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression of TLR4 and TLR5 was examined using qRT-PCR. In addition, following DNA extraction and treatment with sodium bisulfite, the variation in the methylation rate of TLR4 and TLR5 gene promoters was evaluated using High Resolution Melting (HRM) method.
Results
According to the findings, TLR4 expression increased in the Ulcerative colitis patients compared to the control group (P = 0.0385) but the expression of TLR5 gene in the patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) did not change compared to the control group (P = 0.2710). In addition, no significant correlation was found between the expression of TLR4 and TLR5 and sex. In addition, a significant different was observed in the TLR4 promoter methylation pattern between, UC and normal tissues (P = 0.028), also, a significant different was observed in the TLR4 promoter methylation between, CD and normal tissues (P = 0.006), but in TLR5 this difference was not significant.
Conclusion
These data suggest that the increased expression of TLR4 and aberrant methylation changes indicate the importance of this gene in the pathogenesis of IBD and its role as a biomarker in IBD patients.
Dynamic Forest Management Plan Selection and Optimization Based on Improved NLP, LSTM, and XGBoost
Authors: Lin Yifeng , Chen Zhangtianyi , Yang Yuer
Published: April 2023

To account for both economic benefits and carbon sequestration, we use a carbon sequestration prediction model to quantify and predict economic benefits. Then, we present the model to predict the economic benefits of the different forest management plans collected, based on which the best forest management plan is selected and optimized. To achieve the balance, we use three types of models in this paper. Firstly, we collect the current state-of-the-art forest management plans using natural language processing. Secondly, we compare and optimize the SAEs model from LSTM, GRU, and SAEs. The best R2 reached 0.952707 with optimizing. Finally, we compare four ML models, which are Artificial Neural Network (ANN), XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), and Logistic Regression (LR), and decided to model using XGBoost. Constrained by the principles of financial economics, we optimized the XGBoost model, and based on the model, we found the top 5 factors and calculated the carbon sequestration to find the optimal forest management model and felling method. The felling rate should be 71.29%, the best balance between economic benefits and carbon sequestration. According to the three models trained in this paper, in the future 100 years, about 195.950 million tons of carbon will be stored by each forest with an area size of 10,000 km2.
ChatBot for student service based on RASA framework
Authors: Fonseca João , Rodrigues Fátima
Published: April 2023

The availability of face-to-face attendance at the School’s Administrative Services for Students is limited to one schedule, which may prevent the timely clarification of students' questions, causing a decrease in their level of satisfaction. To solve this problem, a conversational agent was designed, consisting of a Portuguese language interpretation module using natural language processing and machine learning techniques. To keep the system abstracted from any technical dependency, a web service that manages the agent's knowledge base was developed. In the evaluation of the solution, the performance of several learning models was compared, and the results emphasize the superiority of BERT language model of Google, combined with the DIET classifier, obtaining a F1-Score of 0.965. The system was implemented through a prototype and, for a total of 256 questions, around 70% of correct responses were obtained, with a positive average satisfaction rating of 4.20 on a 0-5 scale.
Perception of Mental Health in Relation to the Use of Mental Health Services among Youths.
Authors: Arubuola Mary Anuoluwapo
Published: April 2023

The prevalence of mental health among youths on a global scale ranges between 48% and 65% and contributes a significant 17% to the global Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) (World Health Organisation, 2017). Despite the negative impact of mental health challenges, early interventions produce better health and living outcomes. They also reduce the incidence of suicide and cause increased productivity (Schnyder, Panczak, Groth & Schultze-Lutter, 2017). 70% of people who seek professional help are able to live fairly lives and keep up with their daily responsibilities (Jorg, Visser, Ormel, Reijneveld, Hartman & Oldehinkel, 2015). The reason as to why youths rarely make use of mental health services has been a leading subject of research over the last decade (Woolf & Braveman, 2011). Several reasons have been identified with supporting arguments with the most frequently occurring reason being the perception of mental health (Bharadwaj, Pai & Suziedelyte, 2017). The social culture in a country like the United States has a different perception of mental health when compared to the social perception of a lower socio-economical country like India. This difference in perception reflects in the proportion of youths who access and make use of mental health services in both countries with less than 10% of Indian youths making use of the mental health services compare to the 41% of American youths. A study showed 65% of youths who admitted to having their actions and choices, including the willingness or not to use mental health services, dependent on the level of acceptance and the perception of such concepts by their religious communities (Ng, Nyunt, Chiam & Kua, 2011). This research essay answers the question of ‘How does the cultural and religious perceptions of mental health impact the use of mental health services among youths?’ The SCT explains that once youth observe how other individuals become socially neglect, isolated and excommunicated from their cultural and religious settings upon speaking out on their mental health and accessing mental health services, they are less willing to make use of mental health services to prevent similar outcome. The research hypothesis was that negative cultural and religious perceptions prevent youth from making use of mental health services. The research results were in favour of the hypothesis.
Cultivar and Maternal Plant Environment Influence Cold Stratification Requirements and Germination Rates of Vitis Species
Authors: Alzohairy Safa A. , Londo Jason P. , Heinitz Claire , Naegele Rachel P.
Published: April 2023

Open-pollinated seeds from grapevines in Parlier and Davis (in California) and Geneva (in New York) were collected in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Seeds were subjected to a series of cold stratification treatments of varying lengths and germinated in incubators to compare germination rates. Two V. vinifera cultivars (Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon) and three other cultivars (V. labrusca hybrids) with a similar genetic background were compared across three locations to test for maternal environmental effects on germination rates under different cold stratification durations. Two interspecific hybrids (‘Salamander’ and ‘Sovereign Rose’) and three genotypes each from two species, V. riparia and V. cinerea, were evaluated to compare germination rate variability at different cold stratification durations among and within species and hybrids. Large variability in germination rates was evident among and within grape species, with some accessions requiring little to no cold stratification, and others requiring 10 to 12 weeks. These differences could be useful for breeding grapevines with high or low dormancy requirements. The maternal plant environment impacted the seed weight and total seed germination across years and locations.
Identification and Prioritization of Black Spots in Hilly Road Segment Using Accident Severity Index Method
Authors: Pandey Shubham , Bura Gulab Singh
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTA) will become the third-largest contributor to the global burden of diseases after the ischemic heart diseases and depression. The place where the traffic accident percentages are higher is called as black spot location. The most common assumption for a black spot location is that, there should be any road environmental or geometric issues resulting in the repetition of accidents. Methodology: Our study was conducted in two districts of the Northern Region of India (Uttarakhand). The data were collected on various factors such as weather, accident type, severity levels, and road geometry such as number of curves, segment length, Annual Average Daily Traffic. Results: The present study was an attempt to find out the black spots and to measure the accident severity index (ASI) of the identified black spots in the areas of Dehradun and Haridwar. For each location the ASI was calculated and the Rankings were allotted to the black spots so as to find the severity of the black spots. Conclusion: The present study also suggests that the RTA should be taken under consideration as per the accident severity rather than the frequency of the accidents.
Observational Survey Study on Association of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Sharira Prakriti (Body Constitution)
Authors: Chaudhari Yogita , Kadu Smita , Chaudhari Manojkumar
Published: April 2023

Background: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common health issue. Reported prevalence of dysmenorrhea is 84% in young girls. Primary dysmenorrhea is correlated with Udavartini yonivyapad from Ayurveda. There are limitations for the management by Western medicine to this issue. Hence, there is a need of comprehensive and holistic approach. Ayurveda has termed this uniqueness of body as Prakriti (body constitution). Knowledge of Prakriti is very important to maintain health as well as for planning of the treatment in Ayurveda. The knowledge of the relationship between Prakriti (body constitution) with primary dysmenorrhea may be beneficial for the management of primary dysmenorrhea. Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the association of primary dysmenorrhea with Sharira Prakriti (body constitution). Methods: This was a exploratory observational clinical study by interview method. Results: Regarding Sharira Prakriti (body constitution), it has observed that the maximum subjects of Vata, Vata-Pitta, and Vata-Kapha Prakriti(s) were suffering from Grade 1 and Grade 2 type of pain of primary dysmenorrhea as well Vata dosha provoking food, incompatible food, and non-vegetarian food are responsible for Vata vitiation which was responsible for pain in primary dysmenorrhea. Conclusions: The present study has revealed that maximum subjects having Sharira Prakriti (body constitution) of Vata dominance and Vata associated Prakriti are suffering from pain in primary dysmenorrhea. It has also revealed that Vata dosha provoking food, opposite food, and non-vegetarian food does Vata vitiation which is responsible for pain in primary dysmenorrhea. Hence, knowledge of Prakriti (body constitution) is beneficial in the management of primary dysmenorrhea.
Effect of Pesticides on Nervous System or Neural Health
Authors: Chavan Shama , Mehta Meena
Published: April 2023

Pesticides will be utilized to manage pests that are important to agriculture and health care, and they will continue to be necessary for the future related to food security and prevention and control. Pesticides are unlikely to be phased out in the foreseeable future, but they should be handled with prudence. The majority of pesticides are hazardous to humans and can cause serious health problems which lead to death. During chemical spraying, skin contact accounts for about all of the body exposure. Contamination, such as for local farmers in open vegetable farming or pesticide industry employees, may result in direct exposure. Indirect exposure can occur through dietary goods such as food and drinking water, as well as the usage of repellents in homes. Some neurotoxic effects are immediately apparent, while others might take months or even years to appear. A variety of variables, including the toxin’s characteristics and the dosage a person, is exposed to, determine the consequences of neurotoxicity. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Intermediate syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease are diseases that highly damage the mental health and the neural health of a person. This review is mainly focused on types of pesticides, route of pesticide entry in body, their effect on human health, and how these pesticides induce neural diseases.
Efficacy between “Spencer Technique” and “Muscle Energy Technique” in Treatment of “Adhesive Capsulitis”
Authors: Bhattacharya Bhargab , Bhattacharya Ujwal , Das Chatrajit , Bhattacharya Urvashi
Published: April 2023

Background: Adhesive capsulitis is a painful and disabling condition of unknown etiology, in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the glenohumeral joint become inflamed and causes chronic pain with restriction. Although there are multiple ways to treat the disorder, there is a lack of evidence in indicating a specific technique to treat the disorder. In this study, we intend to check the efficacy of two different techniques in improving the range and function of the shoulder joint.Methodology: Thirty subjects were randomly allocated to two different groups. One group was administered with muscle energy technique (MET) and the other with Spencer technique. The pain intensity and disability of shoulder joint is evaluated with shoulder pain disability index. For range of motion for shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, Goniometry was used as an outcome measure.Results: The results are tabulated in terms of mean, standard deviation, variance, t-test, and P-value. Student t-test shows that there were statistically significant values for groups (P < 0.05). Variance test has been found to be significant at P < 0.05, Spencer technique is found to be more effective compare to MET.Conclusion: When applied to the patients, both MET and Spencer technique are found to be effective, in comparison using t-test, it is concluded that Spencer technique is more effective than MET.
Actualization of methodology of diagnostic reference levels establishment for interventional radiological procedures
Authors: Sarycheva S. S.
Published: April 2023

Interventional procedures are accompanied with high levels of patient exposure and even with the possibility of radiation skin damage. That’s why any actions leading to reduction of patients’ exposure levels are of utmost importance. Implementation of diagnostic reference levels is considered to be one of the most successful actions to reduce patient exposure levels. However the basic concept of diagnostic reference levels cannot be used for interventional radiology due to fact that procedures are not standardized. The article studies the main difficulties in applying the standard concept of diagnostic reference levels for interventional radiology procedures and proposes a new concept, taking into account the specifics of these procedures; the domestic and international documents are analyzed. The list of interventional procedures for diagnostic reference levels establishment is suggested based on the statistical data on performed procedures in the Russian Federation. The results of this study were used for the new Russian guidelines “Optimization of radiation protection of patients undergoing medical radiation diagnostic examinations through the use of diagnostic reference levels”.
Study of the radioprotective properties of fumaric acid and 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate under the action of ionizing radiation on human cells
Authors: Kuptsova P. S. , Komarova L. N. , Vypova E. R.
Published: April 2023

In the modern world, such a situation has developed that the development of nuclear energy and the use of sources of ionizing radiation in various fields of activity have created a potential threat of radiation hazard to humans. In this connection, the actual direction is the study of ways to increase the radioresistance of human cells and tissues to the action of ionizing radiation. In addition, radioprotective compounds are also important in radiotherapy, since normal tissues of patients must be protected from radiation damage when using high doses of radiation in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. However, the radioprotectors currently used have some disadvantages. The aim of this work is to study the radioprotective properties of fumaric acid and 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate under the action of gamma radiation and radiation of 12C ions on tumor (SK-N-BE neuroblastoma) and normal (hTERT fibroblasts) human cells. The effect of radiation was evaluated according to the criteria of cell survival in culture, doubling time and clonogenic activity. It has been shown that the use of fumaric acid and 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate has a radioprotective effect on normal and tumor cells when they are irradiated with gamma radiation at doses of 1, 4, 6 and 10 Gy. The use of fumaric acid and 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate does not have a radioprotective effect on tumor cells when they are irradiated with 12C ions. A comparative analysis of the results of the action of the preparations with gamma rays and 12C ions showed a significant dependence of the manifestation of modifying properties on the quality of radiation. The study of cell doubling time showed that the presence of drugs in the control did not increase this indicator. On the contrary, under the action of gamma radiation at a dose of 10 Gy, the preparations reduced the doubling time of fibroblasts by more than two times and the doubling time of neuroblastoma cells by almost 1.5 times. The data obtained indicate that the antioxidant properties of the studied preparations open up new possibilities for modifying the action of ionizing radiation in the treatment of oncological diseases. The use of fumaric acid and 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate will reduce the radiation load on healthy cells, including reducing the effect of secondary products on healthy cells beyond the Bragg peak under the action of carbon ion therapy.
Select Studies on the Impact of Pandemic and Product Pricing: A Case Study on Parle-G Brand
Authors: Nandy Mithun , Roy Soma S
Published: April 2023

The selling of Parle-G biscuit recorded the highest sales among all biscuit companies operating in the Indian FMCG market during the lockdown period of India. The 1st quarter (April-June) audited sales of Parle-G of the financial year 2020-2021 broke all the records of past 9 decades sales i.e. for the period of 1929 to 2020 since from the inception of the company:‘Parle Products’ followed by selling Parle-G biscuit brand having a maximum retail price of INR ₹5 and INR ₹2 in the biscuit category products. This proposed teaching case searches for answers like how come Parle-G had set the record by selling even extremely low-priced biscuit pack sizes like INR ₹5 and INR ₹2 in spite of the pandemic and lockdown time? An attempt has also been provided in this case study to underline how the poor people had been impacted by the Parle-G biscuit product during the unprecedented pandemic. This case also highlights the crucial factors which had enabled Parle-G for setting the sales record and enjoying a substantial market share in the biscuit segment in India during the aforesaid period.
Transformation from Traditional to Digital Marketing Communications: A Case Study on Parle-G Brand
Authors: Nandy Mithun , Roy Soma S
Published: April 2023

This article has been positioned as a research case. The objective of this study is to capture the journey of Parle-G, a household biscuit brand of India from traditional to digital mode of marketing communication. Four decades i.e. 1982 to 2021 marketing communication journey of Parle-G has been reviewed in this case study. This research case targeted to exemplify adopting innovative methods of marketing communication strategies undertaken by Parle-G to promote its biscuit brand in emerging economies like India. To comply with the contemporary marketing communication, it has been found in the study that during the period of 2016-2021, an emphasis has been provided by Parle-G towards digital marketing communication and there is also a paradigm shift observed from traditional to a digital model of marketing communication model of Parle-G for establishing digital connect between the consumer and the organization with the help of digital marketing.
An Analysis of Impact of Climate Finance on MSMEs and Entrepreneurial Growth
Authors: Ranjan Rajeev , Chaturvedi Pritha , Kumar Vishal
Published: April 2023

Improved development and better financing for economic growth may be achieved through sustainable Finance (SF).The natural system must be protected and restored to achieve sustainable development. SIDBI, NITI Aayog, and the WorldBank work together to make SF available to businesses of all sizes, from Microenterprises to Multinational conglomerates.Financial instruments such as climate funds, green bonds, impact financing, social bonds, microfinance, the SIDBI SF Schemefor funding, NABARD, and Make in India are the most important sources of sustainable financing for Small and Mediumsizedbusinesses enterprises (MSME). As part of its commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by the year 2070, Indiahas several MSMEs and SMEs involved in the Projects of solar power plants; renewable energy; green machinery; wastemanagement; electric vehicles (EV); clean energy; recycling; poverty alleviation; and energy conservation. As a way tohelp the green economy flourish and to satisfy the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and ESG (Economic, Social, andEnvironmental) fundraising requirements, the RBI has determined that eco-friendly and environmentally friendly initiativesshould be prioritized for priority sector lending (PSL). This article analyzes financial mechanics for green production andsustainable development using theoretical notions. Increasing the ESG to support long-term economic growth and thesustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and large corporations (Government of India) through climatechange missions is essential.
E-social Work: The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Prakash Shaurya , Roy Kheyali
Published: April 2023

Human communities' social and economic activities worldwide were significantly disrupted by the First and SecondIndustrial Revolutions. Social work practice has always been based heavily on "face-to-face" interactions. The traditionalpractice of social work may soon be disrupted by new technologies from the Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions,including computers, mobile devices etc. The scope of social work practice in the 21st century has expanded with theintroduction of e-social work and social work informatics. The ramifications of social work education will be looked at inthis essay. Cross-sectional knowledge and information sharing were insufficient in the information society (Society 4.0),and cooperation was challenging. The difficulty of extracting the necessary information from the abundance of informationand then analyzing it was a burden. The effort and range of action were constrained by age and varied aptitude levels.Additionally, it was challenging to respond appropriately due to a number of constraints on problems like a decliningbirth rate, an elderly population, and local depopulation.
Integrated Information and Communication Media Based on Organization Goal-Oriented Requirement Engineering (OGORE)
Authors: Tjiptabudi Fransiskus Mario Hartono
Published: April 2023

The BPD NTT pension fund is a company incorporated as a legal entity that manages and runs a pension benefit program for BPD NTT employees. In its current business process, BPD NTT does not yet have a capable media to accommodate the information and communication needs of participants and interested parties, as a business branding and service facility for the participants. The problem that occurs is in the need elicitation stage when developing the information and communication media. For example, if the development is carried out by applying the Global eXtreme Programming (GXP) model, in the exploration phase the Organizational Goal-Oriented Requirement Engineering (OGORE) method will be applied to elicit needs that base each activity on organizational goals. The results of the research are in the form of web-based information and communication media modeling based on IT goals which are described in various tasks equipped with actors and resources used as well as KPIs that are integrated into each goal.
Evaluation of periodontal index of gingival and plaque with dental crowding in development of gingivits in children and adolescents
Authors: Maria Dalva de Souza SCHROEDER  , Gerson Luis Ulema RIBEIRO
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between dentalcrowding and the periodontal index of gingival and plaque indevelopment of gingivits in children and adolescents in the age groupof 7 to 15 years old, as a mean to prevent the periodontal disease thataccording to literature, begins precociously during childhood anddevelops during adult age. After verification of the conditions throughutilization of those indexes, it was possible to conclude that gingivitiswas present in practically 100% of the examined individuals. There isa positive correlation between the presence of dental plaque and guminflammation stages, it was not possible to establish a definitecorrelation between dental crowding and gingivitis.
Doença periodontal necrosante: gengivite ulcerativa necrosante – relato de caso
Authors: Maurício Colin B. CORDEIRO
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho buscou discutir características clínicas da GUN e seudiagnóstico diferencial com a PUN sob a nova ótica da classificaçãoda doença periodontal necrosante. Trata-se de um caso clínico deuma paciente, com 18 anos de idade, que apresenta necrose gengivallimitada à margem gengival vestibular e à papila interdental na regiãoanterior superior, com sintomatologia dolorosa, sangramento gengivalao toque, cálculo dental, grande quantidade de placa bacteriana visívele mau odor não acentuado, com ausência de linfoadenopatia, febre,pseudomembrana e mal-estar. Durante a anamnese médica a pacienterelata estar saudável, com exceção de um possível envolvimento como estresse emocional. O plano de tratamento é conservador (orientaçãode educação em saúde, raspagem coronária e alisamento radicularem toda a cavidade bucal, profilaxias, tratamento químico, tópico,da placa bacteriana com peróxido de hidrogênio – H2O2 – emonitoramento da higiene bucal usando o índice de placa visível –IPV – e o sangramento da margem gengival – ISG). Não se fez uso deantibioticoterapia sistêmica. O período de tratamento é semanal. Nofinal desse período há completo restabelecimento da saúdeperiodontal e marca-se, então, retorno para manutenção periódicapreventiva, em 4 meses. Desse modo, este caso corrobora a decisãodo comitê, responsável pela elaboração da nova classificação para adoença periodontal, de colocar a GUN e a PUN numa mesma categoria:“doença periodontal necrosante”.
Descrição dos instrumentos endodônticos NRT Files tipo II: análise da forma alcançada em canais artificiais
Authors: Erica Lopes FERREIRA  , Flares BARATTO FILHO  , Luiz Fernando FARINIUK
Published: April 2023

Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever os instrumentos endodônticosrotatórios NRT Files do tipo II (Mani Co, Japan) e analisar a formaalcançada pela modelagem de canais simulados em resina (diâmetros0,15-0,35; taper .02 e comprimento de 20 mm). A forma original doscanais artificiais foi registrada por meio da digitalização. Os canais forammodelados utilizando-se progressiva e seqüencialmente os instrumentos,de modo que cada bloco de resina apresentava acumulado dosinstrumentos até a modelagem final. Essas imagens foram submetidasà análise no programa UTHSCSA Image Tool e as áreas iniciais e finaisdos canais artificiais foram calculadas. As áreas alcançadas pelo usoprogressivo dos instrumentos foram comparadas com a área original ecalcularam-se média e desvio padrão. Verificou-se que a área do canalcirúrgico produzido pelo uso de 5 instrumentos NRT Files ficou 82,43%maior que o seu tamanho original e que o preparo atende aos objetivosda modelagem para o tipo de canal simulado utilizado no estudo,atresiado e curvo.
Contribuição ao estudo da prevalência, do diagnóstico diferencial e de fatores etiológicos das lesões cervicais não-cariosas
Authors: Luana Machado de LIMA  , Henrique HUMEREZ FILHO  , Maria da Graça Kfouri LOPES
Published: April 2023

As lesões cervicais não-cariosas constituem um grupo de lesões de grandecomplexidade na prática clínica odontológica, principalmente no que serefere à identificação do agente etiológico e ao tratamento proposto. Elastêm sido pesquisadas com maior interesse em decorrência da perdaexcessiva de tecido dentário na região cervical (junção amelocementária),que causa sensibilidade dentinária e problemas funcionais e estéticos. Oobjetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência, o diagnóstico diferencial eos fatores etiológicos relacionados com essas lesões. Foram examinados108 pacientes que se apresentaram na clínica de odontologia do UNICENP.Para participar do exame não houve restrição quanto a sexo, idade, raça,classe social, presença ou não de lesões cervicais. Foram coletados os dadosnecessários, e aqueles pacientes que apresentavam lesão de abfração severaforam selecionados, totalizando 66%. Para estes, aplicaram-se questionáriosespecíficos com abordagem no diagnóstico e nas causas etiológicas,totalizando 341 dentes afetados severamente por essa lesão. Observou-seque as lesões foram mais comuns em mulheres e existiu uma relação direta entre idade e dentes mais cometidos (69%), estando diretamente associadaa má oclusão (58%) com hábitos nocivos e parafuncionais – apertamento(49%) e bruxismo (61%). Concluiu-se que a associação de fatores causaisestá, invariavelmente, presente.
Avaliação da citotoxicidade dos três cimentos endodônticos empregados na obturação do sistema de canais radiculares
Authors: Maria Isabel SENNE  , Neide LEMOS  , Sandra Rivera FIDEL  , Rivail Antonio Sergio FIDEL
Published: April 2023

Introdução e objetivo: Avaliar in vitro a citotoxicidade de um cimentoà base de óxido de zinco e eugenol (Endofill) e outros dois cimentos àbase de resina epóxica (Sealer 26 e AH Plus) sob a linhagem de célulasVERO C1008. Material e métodos: A citotoxicidade foi avaliada pormeio de um novo reagente que vem sendo usado em imunologia paraextinguir a fluorescência, denominado FluoroQuenchTM AO/EB, e o usodo corante serviu para avaliar as alterações morfológicas nas célulasem 24, 48 e 72 horas após o contato com os cimentos. Resultados:houve diferença nas médias dos valores da viabilidade celular pelostestes Anova e t de student. Em todos os períodos os cimentos Endofille Sealer 26, quando frescos e após o endurecimento, causaram uma diminuição significativa na densidade e na morfologia celular.Conclusão: O AH Plus provou ser o menos tóxico logo após amanipulação, e uma leve reação tóxica pôde ser observada quando elefoi testado após o endurecimento.
Avaliação in vitro da microdureza de dentina bovina normal e esclerosada
Authors: Gisela Muassab CASTANHO  , Juliana Barbosa MARQUES  , Maitê André CAMARGO  , Antonio Alberto DE CARA
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A literatura mostra características diferentes entre a dentina normal e a esclerosada. A dureza é uma das propriedades bastante utilizadas para comparar tanto os materiais restauradores como os tecidos biológicos. Objetivo: Comparar as características clínicas de dureza entre a dentina bovina normal e a esclerosada, por meio do teste de microdureza. Material e métodos: Foram utilizados 20 dentes bovinos divididos em dois grupos: GI (íntegros) e GII (com características de esclerose). Os dentes foram incluídos em resina acrílica com os bordos incisais expostos e paralelos ao plano oclusal. Os espécimes receberam acabamento e polimento e ficaram armazenados em água destilada em temperatura ambiente por 7 dias. Para o teste de microdureza foi utilizado o endentador Vickers com carga de 50 gf durante 45 s. Selecionaram-se três áreas para cada espécime, e em cada área foram realizadas cinco endentações, totalizando 15 leituras por espécime. Resultados: Os dados foram registrados e submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste t (Student), com nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados mostraram não haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as médias de microdureza dos dois grupos estudados (GI: 36,82±9,45; GII: 32,4±12,2) (p = 0,383). Conclusão: A dentina bovina normal mostrou valores de microdureza Vickers semelhantes aos da dentina bovina esclerosada.
O relato das mães quando do início escolar de seus filhos portadores de má–formação labiopalatal
Authors: Luiz Carlos Machado MIGUEL  , Arno LOCKS  , Marta Lenise do PRADO
Published: April 2023

Introdução e objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, com base na opinião das mães, o relato do início escolar da criança portadora de má-formação labiopalatal (CL/P). Material e métodos: Efetuou-se pesquisa qualitativa, com entrevistas não estruturadas, fundamentada na análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1979). A pesquisa foi conduzida na cidade de Joinville (SC, Brasil), no Núcleo de Pesquisa e Reabilitação de Lesões Labiopalatais (NPRLLP). Participaram do estudo sete mães que possuíam filhos portadores de CL/P atendidos no NPRLLP. Resultados: A criança portadora de CL/P possui um defeito físico congênito que repercute na estigmatização, por causa da idolatria da perfeição e da beleza física imposta pela sociedade. O momento de início escolar traz uma ampliação considerável da exposição ao meio social, gerando consequências no tratamento executado.
Ion Channels-related Neuroprotection and Analgesia Mediated by Spider
Venom Peptides
Authors: Nogueira  Souza Ana Caroline , Binda Nancy Scardua , Almeida Huemara Yuri , de Castro Júnior Célio José , Gomez Marcus Vinicius , Ribeiro Fabíola Mara , Da Silva Juliana Figueira
Published: April 2023

Ion channels play critical roles in generating and propagating action potentials and in neurotransmitter
release at a subset of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Dysfunction of these channels
has been linked to various health conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases and chronic pain.
Neurodegeneration is one of the underlying causes of a range of neurological pathologies, such as
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), cerebral ischemia, brain injury, and retinal ischemia.
Pain is a symptom that can serve as an index of the severity and activity of a disease condition,
a prognostic indicator, and a criterion of treatment efficacy. Neurological disorders and pain are
conditions that undeniably impact a patient's survival, health, and quality of life, with possible financial
consequences. Venoms are the best-known natural source of ion channel modulators. Venom peptides
are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic tools due to their high selectivity and potency
gained through millions of years of evolutionary selection pressure. Spiders have been evolving
complex and diverse repertoires of peptides in their venoms with vast pharmacological activities for
more than 300 million years. These include peptides that potently and selectively modulate a range of
targets, such as enzymes, receptors, and ion channels. Thus, components of spider venoms hold considerable
capacity as drug candidates for alleviating or reducing neurodegeneration and pain. This review
aims to summarize what is known about spider toxins acting upon ion channels, providing neuroprotective
and analgesic effects.
A Novel Phytotherapy Application: Preparation, Characterization,
Antioxidant Activities and Determination of Anti-inflammatory Effects by
In vivo HET-CAM Assay of Chitosan-based DDSs Containing Endemic
Helichrysum pamphylicum P.H. Davis & Kupicha Methanolic Extract
Authors: Ismailovi Nurlan , Kıyan H. Tuba , Öztürk A. Alper
Published: April 2023

Background:

Numerous pharmaceutical applications for chitosan, a polysaccharide made
from the shells of crustaceans by deacetylating chitin that occurs naturally, are currently being researched.
Chitosan, a natural polymer, is successfully used to prepare many drug-carrier systems, such
as gel, film, nanoparticle, and wound dressing.

Objective:

Preparing chitosan gels without external crosslinkers is less toxic and environmentally
friendly.

Methods:

Chitosan-based gels containing Helichrysum pamphylicum P.H. Davis & Kupicha methanolic
extract (HP) were produced successfully.

Results:

The F9-HP coded gel prepared with high molecular weight chitosan was chosen as the optimum
formulation in terms of pH and rheological properties. The amount of HP was found to be 98.83%
± 0.19 in the F9-HP coded formulation. The HP release from the F9-HP coded formula was determined
to be slower and 9 hours prolonged release compared to pure HP. It was determined that HP release
from F9-HP coded formulation with the DDSolver program was by anomalous (non-fickian) diffusion
mechanism. The F9-HP coded formulation significantly showed DPPH free radical scavenger, ABTS•+
cation decolorizing and metal chelating antioxidant activity while weakly reducing antioxidant potential.
According to the HET-CAM scores, strong anti-inflammatory activity was obtained by the F9-HP
coded gel at a dose of 20 μg.embryo-1 (p <0.05 compared with SDS).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, it can be said that chitosan-based gels containing HP, which can be used in
both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatment, were successfully formulated and characterized.