bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Metal and Trace Elements of Cenospheres from Lignite High-Calcium Fly Ash (Thailand)
Authors: Yoriya Sorachon , Tepsri Phattarathicha
Published: October 2021

High-calcium fly ashes contain a large content of small particles including cenospheres of chemical constituents known to be similar to fly ash and the parent coal. Coal fly ash contains metal and trace elements that may leach out during disposal or utilization. This work aimed to understand an overview of cenosphere characteristics relating to fly ash and leaching study. To our knowledge, this is the first report on metal and trace element leaching of cenospheres separated from high-calcium (28.9 wt.%) class C fly ash produced from the Mae Moh coal-fired thermal power plant in Thailand. In this study, the cenospheres were separated from fly ash by a wet separation process (sink-float method) using water as medium. Physical properties, morphology, chemical composition, the mineral phases of cenospheres and fly ash have been characterized. Extraction was carried out by acid digestion; the selected metal and trace elements in this study are Mg, Al, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Cu; the obtained environmentally available concentrations of cenospheres were analyzed in comparison to those of fly ash. The concentrations of Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd elements of interest in the leachates obtained from the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) showed the tendency to decrease in that order. All the elements were found below the permissible limit values regarding Thailand soil quality standards. Association of the heavy metal trace elements in cenospheres and fly ash was discussed in in terms of physico-chemical-geochemistry correlating with the leaching concentrations.
Pilot Application of ‘Invasive Alien Species in Europe’ Smartphone App in the Danube Region
Authors: Trichkova Teodora , Paunović Momir , Cogălniceanu Dan , Schade Sven , Todorov Milcho , Tomov Rumen , Stănescu Florina , Botev Ivan , López-Cañizares Celia , Gervasini Eugenio , Hubenov Zdravko , Ignatov Kostadin , Kenderov Marian , Marinković Nikola , Mitton Irena , Preda Cristina , Spinelli Fabiano Antonio , Tsiamis Konstantinos , Cardoso Ana Cristina
Published: October 2021

The present pilot study tested and validated the use of the ‘Invasive Alien Species in Europe’ smartphone app (IASapp) in the Lower Danube Region. The study was conducted in three stages: (1) Testing the effectiveness of the app in Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia by organizing information and field testing campaigns; (2) Improving and extending the functionality of the app and developing a list of the invasive alien species (IAS) of concern to the Danube River Basin (DRB); and (3) Testing the updated app during the Joint Danube Survey 4 campaign. Overall, 13 campaigns were carried out, during which seven aquatic IAS of EU concern and nine IAS relevant to the DRB were recorded. Currently, the developed new functionality of IASapp allows the recording of 64 IAS of DRB concern. The updated IASapp has an important role in increasing public awareness on IAS issues, as well as in enlarging the participation and output of citizen science in the IAS early detection, monitoring and reporting in the DRB. Therefore, the constant communication with existing stakeholder groups and establishment of new citizen science groups is crucial for increasing the effectiveness of using the IASapp in the Danube Region and tackling the IAS issues.
Assessment of Human Stability in Sewer Systems during Dry Weather Conditions
Authors: Russo Beniamino , Locatelli Luca , Yubero Daniel , Ruiz Oscar , Oliete Alejandro Acero
Published: October 2021

Inspection and maintenance tasks are essential to guarantee the correct operation of sewer drainage networks. In combined sewers, these tasks are generally carried out during dry periods when only wastewater flow circulates in the system. When the sewer is big enough to allow the access of people, this inspection is done in person with consequent potential exposure to several hazards such as the presence of toxic gases, the possibility to fall or the loss of stability due to the presence of a continuous wastewater flow. In this context, this paper presents a methodology to assess hazard conditions related to human stability in sewer systems during dry weather periods. Hazard assessment has been performed by applying several hazard criteria to the results of a 1D sewer model simulations regarding a real network in Spain. Results show that the influence of the selection of hazard criteria is relevant, although only a small part of the whole system can be classified as high hazard. Regardless, the proposed method is highly effective to detect these kinds of pipes and we consider them as critical point to improve health and safety procedures during maintenance and inspection tasks.
Hierarchical Clustering for Paired Watershed Experiments: Case Study in Southeastern Arizona, U.S.A.
Authors: Petrakis Roy E. , Norman Laura M. , Vaughn Kurt , Pritzlaff Richard , Weaver Caleb , Rader Audrey , Pulliam H. Ronald
Published: October 2021

Watershed studies are often onerous due to a lack of data available to portray baseline conditions with which to compare results of monitoring environmental effects. A paired-watershed approach is often adopted to simulate baseline conditions in an adjacent watershed that can be comparable but assumes there is a quantifiable relationship between the control and treated watersheds. Finding suitably matched pairs that can most accurately depict similar responses is challenging and attributes are rarely quantified. In southeastern Arizona, United States, researchers are investigating the effectiveness of watershed restoration techniques employed by land managers. We selected Smith Canyon to develop a rigorous and quantitatively defensible paired-watershed experimental design. The Smith Canyon watershed consists of 91 structurally similar sub-basins that have a defined basin-like structure and flow channel, allowing for consideration as replicate units. We developed a statistical approach to group sub-basins based on similar structural, biophysical, and hydrologic traits. Our geospatial database consisted of 35 environmental variables, which we reduced to 12 through a correlation analysis. We identified three primary collections of paired sub-basins within the larger watershed. These clusters are being used to inform studies actively being employed in the watershed. Overall, we propose a hierarchical clustering protocol for justification of watershed pairing experiments.
Highly Efficient Removal of Cu(II) Ions from Acidic Aqueous Solution Using ZnO Nanoparticles as Nano-Adsorbents
Authors: Leiva Eduardo , Tapia Camila , Rodríguez Carolina
Published: October 2021

Water pollution by heavy metals has significant effects on aquatic ecosystems. Copper is one of the heavy metals that can cause environmental pollution and toxic effects in natural waters. This encourages the development of better technological alternatives for the removal of this pollutant. This work explores the application of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) for the removal of Cu(II) ions from acidic waters. ZnO NPs were characterized and adsorption experiments were performed under different acidic pHs to evaluate the removal of Cu(II) ions with ZnO NPs. The ZnO NPs were chemically stable under acidic conditions. The adsorption capacity of ZnO NPs for Cu(II) was up to 47.5 and 40.2 mg·g−1 at pH 4.8 and pH 4.0, respectively. The results revealed that qmax (47.5 mg·g−1) and maximum removal efficiency of Cu(II) (98.4%) are achieved at pH = 4.8. In addition, the surface roughness of ZnO NPs decreases approximately 70% after adsorption of Cu(II) at pH 4. The Cu(II) adsorption behavior was more adequately explained by Temkin isotherm model. Additionally, adsorption kinetics were efficiently explained with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. These results show that ZnO NPs can be an efficient alternative for the removal of Cu(II) from acidic waters and the adsorption process was more efficient under pH = 4.8. This study provides new information about the potential application of ZnO NPs as an effective adsorbent for the remediation and treatment of acidic waters contaminated with Cu(II).
Removal of Aqueous Para-Aminobenzoic Acid Using a Compartmental Electro-Peroxone Process
Authors: Wu Donghai , Li Yuexian , Lu Guanghua , Lin Qiuhong , Wei Lei , Zhang Pei
Published: October 2021

The presence of emerging contaminant para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in the aquatic environment or drinking water has the potential to harm the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In this work, the removal of aqueous PABA by a compartmental electro-peroxone (E-peroxone) process was systematically investigated from the kinetic and mechanism viewpoints. The results suggest that single electrolysis or ozonation was inefficient in PABA elimination, and the combined E-peroxone yielded synergistic target pollutant degradation. Compared to the conventional E-peroxone oxidation, the sequential cathodic reactions, followed by anodic oxidations, improved the PABA removal efficiency from ~63.6% to ~89.5% at a 10-min treatment, and the corresponding pseudo first-order kinetic reaction rate constant increased from ~1.6 × 10−3 to ~3.6 × 10−3 s−1. Moreover, the response surface methodology (RSM) analysis indicated that the appropriate increase of inlet ozone concentration, applied current density, initial solution pH value, and solution temperature could accelerate the PABA degradation, while the excess of these operational parameters would have a negative effect on the treatment efficiency. The comparation tests revealed that the coupling of electrolysis and ozonation could synergistically produce hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and the separation of cathodic reactions and anodic oxidations further promoted the HO• generation, which was responsible for the enhancement of PABA elimination in the compartmental E-peroxone process. These observations imply that the compartmental E-peroxone process has the potential for aqueous micropollutants elimination, and the reaction conditions that favor the reactive oxygen species generation are critical for the treatment efficiency.
Evaluating the Productivity of Paddy Water Resources through SWOT Analysis: The Case of Northern Iran
Authors: Goli Imaneh , Azadi Hossein , Nooripoor Mehdi , Baig Mirza Barjees , Viira Ants-Hannes , Ajtai Iulia , Özgüven Ahsen Işık
Published: October 2021

Water shortages in rice production represent a formidable challenge for the world’s food, economic, and social security. Water is the most important single component for sustainable rice growth, especially in the world’s traditional rice-growing areas. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the improvement of rice water productivity in Northern Iran on the basis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. This study is a qualitative-descriptive survey. A random sampling method was used to determine the sample size, and finally, 105 male and female rural facilitators in Sari city (the capital of Mazandaran Province located in Northern Iran) were surveyed. The results showed that the development of appropriate infrastructure, increasing new irrigation and drainage networks with the aim of increasing the use of efficient water technologies, was the most important strategy. The most necessary strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to improve the water productivity and management of paddy farms in the study area are, respectively, as follows: “fertile paddy fields and relatively good soils in most areas”, “weakness in the participation and interaction of users in water resources projects and paying attention only to the physical development of irrigation networks and ignoring the issues of network operation and farmers’ participation in the management”, “improving irrigation planning”, and “surplus harvest from Tajan River and drop in water level”. Obtained findings may be used to address water scarcity and water quality management issues in the agriculture sector. The results demonstrate that, under potential climate change and water shortages, SWOT may be seen as a guide for contingency initiatives.
A Thrust Cooperative Control Strategy of Multiple Propulsion Motors for Distributed Electric Propulsion Aircraft
Authors: Weng Luhui , Zhang Xuan , Yao Taike , Bu Feifei , Li Hang
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a thrust cooperative control strategy of multiple propulsion motors for distributed electric propulsion aircraft. The control strategy can keep the propulsion motors running synchronously when the aircraft is flying in a straight line; at the same time, when the aircraft needs to turn, the yaw moment is generated by changing the speed of the propulsion motors on both sides, so as to achieve the given yaw angle of the aircraft. In order to verify the control strategy, the paper also carries out simulation and experimental verification, and the results show that the cooperative control strategy is feasible.
The assessment of the social and labor situation in the country during the coronavirus pandemic: threats to the development of labor relations
Authors: Dovganenko Aleksandr Anatolievich
Published: October 2021

For nine years of observations, the data warehouse of the Center for Monitoring and Analysis of Social and Labor Conflicts (SLC) of the Saint Petersburg Humanitarian University of Trade Unions has included information about more than 1,300 SLC registered in the Russian Federation. The assessment of the development of social and labor relations and the formation of the labor situation in the country in 2020 was carried out taking into account the constantly changing epidemiological situation, which had a noticeable impact on the Russian economy, the industrial and labor sphere and the social order in general. In the article, the dynamics and features of the formation of the social and labor situation and the development of the SLC are analyzed in retrospect for the period 2016–2020. 2016 is the period in which the maximum number of SLC was registered for nine years of observations. In the period of 2016–2018, there was a tendency for a reduction in the number of conflicts and stabilization of the situation in the social and labor sphere, which changed in 2018, when a new rising trend appeared (social tension increased, and the number of conflicts went up). A key factor in shaping the social and labor situation in the country in 2020 was the spread of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, which adversely affected the global and domestic economic environment.
Ortaokullarda Görev Yapan Öğretmenlerin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık, Örgütsel Muhalefet ve Örgütsel Sessizlik Algıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: YALÇIN Sinan , SAYĞI Emrah
Published: October 2021

Çalışmanın amacı; öğretmenlerin psikolojik dayanıklılık, örgütsel muhalefet ve örgütsel sessizlik algıları arasındaki ilişki ve bu ilişkinin bazı değişkenlere göre değişip değişmediğinin ortaya konmasıdır. Araştırma ilişkisel (korelasyonel) tarama modelinde olup nicel bir çalışma olarak yapılandırılmıştır. Araştırma evrenini, 2020-2021 Eğitim-Öğretim yılı Erzurum ili Pasinler ilçesinde resmi ortaokullarda görev yapmakta olan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, evrenden basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 167 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler; Işık (2016) tarafından geliştirilmiş 21 maddeden ve üç alt boyuttan (kendini adama, kontrol ve meydan okuma) oluşan Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (PDÖ), Kassing tarafından oluşturulan ve Ergün ve Çelik (2018) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan ve faktör analizleri sonucu 17 maddeye indirgenen Örgütsel Muhalefet Ölçeği (ÖMÖ) ile Kahveci ve Demirtaş (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Örgütsel Sessizlik Ölçeğiyle (ÖSÖ) toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde T –Testi, Tek Yönlü ANOVA, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğretmenlerin psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının orta düzeyde olduğu, genel örgütsel muhalefet ve yatay muhalefet algılarının orta düzeyde olduğu, dikey muhalefet algılarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu, dışa aktarılmış muhalefet algılarının ise düşük düzeyde olduğu, öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarının ise orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen diğer bir sonuca göre öğretmenlerin psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ile dikey muhalefet algıları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki, dışa aktarılmış muhalefet ile negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki, olduğu görülmektedir. Öğretmenlerin genel örgütsel muhalefet algıları, dikey muhalefet algıları ve yatay muhalefet algıları ile örgütsel sessizlik algıları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Pre-trial agreement on cooperation in a criminal case: on some common problems and the role of the prosecutor in their solution
Authors: Kobzarev Fedor Mikhailovich
Published: October 2021

The article deals in a generalised form with the problems associated with the conclusion, change, implementation and termination of the agreement on cooperation in criminal cases. Based on the results of the analysis of these problems and publications on these issues, various options for their solution are proposed. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the role and importance in the implementation of the norms of this institution of the prosecutor, the insufficiency of its powers to improve the effectiveness of the application of the pre-trial agreement. The author sets the task to form a set of proposals to improve the legal regulation of the procedure for the prosecutor's actions, its participation in proving compliance with the conditions and fulfillment of obligations by the suspect, accused under the pre-trial agreement, in proving the guilt of accomplices in a crime committed by a person in respect of whom the criminal case is allocated in a separate proceeding in connection with the conclusion of a pre-trial agreement. The study used general scientific methods (analysis, deduction) and private scientific methods (formal-logical, comparative law, etc.). As conclusions, it is proposed to make a number of additions to the criminal procedure law, including Part 2 of Article 74 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation and introduce a new norm – Article 79.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, as well as to take certain organisational measures.
Perencanaan Instalasi Listrik dengan Menggunakan Hybrid Pada Rumah Toko (Ruko) Tiga Lantai di Tarakan
Authors: Aprianur Imam , Riyanto Sugeng
Published: October 2021

Pada dasarnya Instalasi listrik adalah suatu rangkaian yang saling keterkaitan satu dengan yang lainya, serta saling terhubung atau terkoordinasi. Dalam perencanaan Instalasi diharuskan sesuai dengan persyaratan umum instalasi listrik (PUIL) serta dapat mengarah pada pemakaian bahan yang akan digunakan, dengan Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Pada perencanaan instalasi listrik dengan menggunakan Hybrid Sistem Photovoltaic yang merupakan suatu penyediaan energi listrik dengan pemanfaatan sumber energi radiasi matahari yang dapat diubah menjadi energi listrik. Dengan perencanaan instalasi listrik ini merupakan penggabungan dua catu daya, melainkan dari Tenaga Surya (Sistem Photovoltaic) dan jaringan instalasi listrik yang disuplai langsung dari sumber PLN (Grid Connection).
Analisa Cakupan Area dan Kapasitas Pengguna Pada Pengukuran Kuat Sinyal untuk Jaringan GSM 900 Mhz
Authors: Nur Taqwa , Tachfulloh Syahfrizal
Published: October 2021

Global System and Mobile Communication atau biasa singkat GSM merupakan sebuah teknologi bersifat digital, memiliki rincian modulasi dan arsitektur ditingkat jaringan dan layanan pada frekuensi 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, dan 1900 MHz (Cellular Frequency in Indonesia, Pasific Wave-Indonesia, 2007). PT. Telkomsel sebagai operator telekomunikasi seluler GSM pertama di Indonesia, sampai saat ini total pelanggan seluler Telkomsel masih yang terbesar di Indonesia. Seiring bertambah pesatnya pengguna layanan seluler, permintaan peningkatan kapasitas pengguna layanan seluler juga bertambah, khususnya pada area perkotaan. Untuk itu diperlukan perencanaan cakupan area dan perhitungan kapasitas yang benar agar dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kepada para pengguna layanan seluler.Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan tiga metode yaitu, Cost-231, Free Space, dan Stanford University Interim (SUI). Ketiga metode ini digunakan sebagai perhitungan path loss pada jaringan. Dimana hasil perhitungan path loss pada ketiga metode tersebut dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan perencanaan cakupan area dan kapasitas pengguna jaringan GSM.Hasil pada perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiga metode, cost-231 merupakan metode yang paling cocok digunakan di kota Tarakan, hal ini ditunjukkan dari perhitungan RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) dimana didapatkan nilai loss paling kecil pada cost-231 yaitu 8,138 dB sedangkan pada free space 24,967 dB dan SUI 43,914 dB.
Rancangan Modifikasi Algoritma AODV Pada MANET Untuk Meningkatkan Performansi Skema Routing Dan Deteksi Kongesti (Studi Literatur)
Authors: Fadllullah Arif
Published: October 2021

AODV adalah salah satu protokol reaktif routing yang terkenal pada MANET yang dibangun berdasarkan permintaan routing. Protokol ini banyak dipakai karena overhead routing yang rendah dan performa tinggi. Hanya saja pengiriman paket data menggunakan AODV konvensional seringkali terjadi delay, manakala jalur routing terputus sebagai akibat adanya pergerakan node yang berubah-ubah dalam jalur. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan rancangan AODV modifikasi yang tidak hanya memiliki fitur skema routing jalur utama yang dipilih berdasarkan link throughput dan minimum hop count, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan penyediaan jalur alternatif saat link node mengalami kerusakan maupun saat antrian paket data melebihi kapasitas maksimal suatu node hingga status kongesti terjadi pada node, khususnya untuk mengurangi delay pengiriman paket yang rentan terjadi pada AODV konvensional.
Water Resources Use Structure in Voronezh Oblast
Authors:   Dmitrieva V.A.
Published: October 2021

The structure and dynamics of water resources use in Voronezh Oblast (the Upper and partially Middle Don River basin) over the period 1985-2008 have been analyzed. Regional features of water regime and water availability have been listed. Current water use in the conditions of recession of industrial and agricultural production has been analyzed.
On the Issue of Collection and Analysis of Initial Information for Development of Norms of Maximal Permissible Impact(The Vyatka River Basin within the Boundaries of Kirov Oblast as a Study Case)
Authors:   Nosal A.P., Shubarina A.S., Loginova T.V., Taranenko T.G.
Published: October 2021

The paper briefly gives the main outcomes of the preparatory step of development of maximal permissible discharges for water bodies that is being performed in compliance with “Methodical Guidelines on Development of Norms of Maximal Permissible Impacts upon Water Bodies”. The issue of collection and analysis of all necessary initial information as well as accompanying problems have been considered with the Vyatka River basin as a study case. Particular attention has been paid to the issues of inconsistency between regulatory-methodical documents in the water/natural protection sphere, and the absence of agreed approaches to a number of principal issues (water quality norms, ecological conditions assessment, regional background, etc.).
Technogenic Transformation of the Valday Region Lake Systems
Authors:   Putyrskiy V.Y., Zlobina V.L.
Published: October 2021

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of the lake systems have been investigated with some Valday Hills lake systems (Valday, Uzhin, Boroye, Dolgoye, Brezgovo, and Korotskoye) as examples. Lake waters acidulation consequences have been considered and specific features of some toxicants migration with consideration of bottom sediments pollution have been analyzed. Methods of quantitative assessment of the diffusion dispersion coefficient by approximation of experimental data on the technogenic admixtures concentrations vertical distribution in bottom sediments.
Macrophytic Vegetation of the Republic of Bashkortostan Lakes as an Indicator of Saprobity
Authors:   Pakina D.S.
Published: October 2021

Outputs of Republic of Bashkortostan lakes’ ecological conditions investigations of 2008–2009 in terms of species composition of macrophytes and supreme aquatic vegetation expansion with the use of bioindication-by-macrophytes methods have been presented. In summer-2009 eight water bodies located in different areas of Republic of Bashkortostan and having different ecological conditions were studied. This work won a prize of the Russian National Contest of Water-related Projects among pupils of senior classes-2010 (the third place).
SHOPPING ADDICTION — A REAL CHALLENGE DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Cojocariu Raluca , Nechita Petronela , Moraru Codrina
Published: October 2021

We live in a modern society, which imposes an alert pace of daily life for all of us. As a result, there are constant attempts to find ways for people to access any service as quickly as possible. The COVID-19 pandemic has made drastic changes in human behaviour, lifestyle and the reality people live in. There is a concern that people are living in times of multiple existential, economic and instability threats due to drastic changes in daily life. Also known as Oniomania, the habit of compulsive shopping has come to the attention of the medical world. Studies show that the habit of buying excessively has become a concern in today's society, being similar to other well-known compulsive or addictive disorders, such as substance abuse, gambling addiction, or eating disorders. Online shopping offers multiple benefits, therefore there has been an increase in using online shopping, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, as people had no other option than to stay at home and use the Internet for various purposes. Method: The review of the literature draws on searches within databases including Pubmed, Science Direct, Elsevier, EBSCO, Medline. Conclusion: Health crises, such as epidemics and pandemics, can be a key factor in compulsive shopping. There are seven variables which are thought to influence the possible development of online shopping addiction: low self-esteem, low self-regulation; negative emotion, enjoyment, gender, social anonymity and cognitive overload.
The Problem of Improving the Strategic Planning of Development and Implementation of Cloud Software Products
Authors: Andreevskiy I. L.
Published: October 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to substantiate the content of the problem of improving the strategic planning of production and implementation of cloud software products (CSPs).

Tasks. The author analyzes the demand for cloud software products from the strategic perspective; analyzes the theoretical foundations of strategic planning; substantiates major enterprise goals in the development of SCPs in accordance with the goals and objectives of the national projects of the Russian Federation and the needs of user enterprises; classifies informatization enterprises engaged in the development of SCPs, making it possible to conduct a comparative audit of enterprises engaged in SCP development; develops the concept of strategic planning for informatization enterprises engaged in the development and implementation of SCPs.

Methods. This study uses strategic planning tools, statistical analysis of the development of digitalization enterprises based on cloud software products, the systems approach, theory of the efficiency of strategic planning of SCP development and implementation, theory of emergence in the assessment of the activities of an interconnected chain of cloud digitalization enterprises, mechanisms for coordinating economic interests based on the theory of collective decision-making.

Results. The pace of cloud digitalization of the Russian economy is insufficient and requires scientific, methodological, and government support. Well-known theoretical and methodological studies of strategic planning do not make allowance for the specific aspects of the activities of enterprises engaged in the production and implementation of SCPs and need to be further developed in this direction. The existing classification of SCPs does not fully meet the objectives of the national projects of the Russian Federation and the requirements of user enterprises. Enterprises engaged in the development and implementation of SCPs are classified to enable audit of the quality of their activities. The author proposes an original concept of improving the strategic planning of enterprises engaged in the development and implementation of SCPs.

Conclusions. Resolving the issues identified by the author is an important national economic objective for improving the strategic planning of the activities of informatization enterprises engaged in the development and implementation of SCPs. Solving this problem is key to increasing the economic efficiency of both informatization enterprises and SCP user enterprises in the context of cloud information systems, improving the efficiency of digitalization of the country’s economy as a whole.
Design of Squirrel-Cage Self-Excited 3-phase Induction Generator
Authors:   Lecturer, Northern Technical University, Iraq., Nasir Bilal A.
Published: October 2021

Due to the wide utilization of a 3-phase, squirrel-cage, self-excitation generator in renewable energy and isolated areas application, the paper deals with detailed design procedure of this type of generator, in a sequence and systematic manner. The design steps are obtained and executed in a Matlab file of the computer program to suit the newly designed constructions and parameters of the generator. In the new construction, the generator can be operated in a stable and saturation region. Due to the similarity in the construction of induction motor and generator, the formulas used in the calculation of equivalent circuit components of an induction motor may be utilized to calculate the parameters of the induction generator. To obtain optimized induction generator parameters and construction dimensions an ant colony algorithm is used to optimize these construction dimensions and generator parameters. The main objective parameters used in this algorithm are the generator efficiency, the excitation-capacitance, winding temperature rise, and minimum generator size is for 5 HP, 400 V, 50 Hz, and star connection generator.
REUSE OF BRIDGE GIRDERS AS BRIDGE SPAN STRUCTURES OF TEMPORARY BRIDGES
Authors:   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise – DerzhdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yermakova Inna , Nechyporenko Maxim ,   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise – DerzhdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2021

Introduction. This article presents the results of study of the quality of girders that were used for the construction of temporary road bridge. In the bridge construction practice there is a need to use girders in the construction of road bridges on local roads that can be reused in temporary bridges construction. It is important when using such structures to determine their reliability for long-term operation. The cost of bridge girders is up to 60% of the cost of a new bridge, so the reuse of utilizedsed girders is economically feasible. Utilized girders can be reused on local roads and temporary bridges. Problem statement. To determine the usability of utilized girders in temporary bridges construction and provide recommendations for the girders reuse and possible bridge design structures. Materials and methods. The following works were performed during the inspection: visual inspection of the girders at places of their storage after dismounting; measurement of the basic sizes of girders; determination of concrete strength by non-destructive test method; determination of the number of working reinforcement and the protective layer thickness; measurements of pH of concrete of a protective layer were performed; registration of existing defects was performed. The following measurements were performed during the tests: general displacements and deformations of structural elements of the structures; relative deformations of cross sections; local deformations (displacements in joints). Results. According to the results of tests and calculations, the bearing capacity of the bridge span structure was determined. After analyzing the results of experimental and theoretical studies, conclusions were made regarding the operational performance of the girders of the bridge span structure. Conclusions. Girders in the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd technical state can be considered suitable for bridge span structures unreservedly. Girders in the 4th technical state, need repairing and reinforcement for reuse in bridge span structures. They cannot be used without repairing. Girders in the 5th technical state cannot be used in the span structures of road bridges. They can be used, for example, as transition slabs, or for pedestrian bridges and crossings, or can be used for testing the technology of bridge structures repairing. Thus, tests of bridge girders and full-size joints testify that the accepted design decision provides the needed bearing capacity of girders and of the bridge span structure as a whole. This confirms the sufficient reliability of utilized girders in the further work. Practice shows that it is also needed to pay great attention to the following: firstly- to the methods of dismantling the girders without damage; secondly — to the proper storage of girders after dismantling.
USE OF INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AS MINERAL POWDERS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise ‒ DerzdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kopynets Ivan , Kaskiv Volodymyr ,   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise ‒ DerzdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sokolov Оleksii ,   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise ‒ DerzdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Mineral powder is an important structural component of asphalt concrete. Mineral powder is the output material obtained after crushing of rocks or powdery remains of the industry. It is made by grinding the following hard rocks: dolomitized limestone, dolomite, limestone. Non-carbonate raw materials and industrial wastes are also used as raw materials. Problem statement. Road construction with the arrangement of asphalt concrete pavements requires a number of components of these mixtures. Due to this, the need in scarce carbonate mineral powders is growing. Therefore, it is advisable to consider researches directed on studying a number of by-products of industry in order to use them as a mineral powder of asphalt concrete. Purpose. To analyze the existing experience of using industrial waste as a mineral powder in production of asphalt concrete mixture for further introduction and improvement of environmental safety and operational characteristics of pavement due to new road construction materials. Materials and methods. Analysis of information sources and experience in the use of industrial waste as a mineral powder and study of requirements for materials and their composition. Results. An analytical review of the experience of using industrial waste as a mineral powder was performed. Various materials have been studied and analyzed, requirements for materials, their particle size distribution, content in asphalt concrete mixture had been established. Conclusions. Analysis of information sources regarding use of industrial waste as a raw material for the production of mineral powder had determined that they are used in the whole volume in different countries and in most cases in road construction. It had been found that the use of various wastes during road construction is a viable option that needs further study.
EFFECT OF FORMALDEHYDE-PROTECTED DIETS ON MILK YIELD, COMPOSITION AND SOME BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN KARADI EWES
Authors: Mustafa K. N. S.
Published: October 2021

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding formaldehyde-treated diets on milk yield, composition and some blood biochemical parameters of Karadi ewes in mid lactating period. Nine lactating Karadi ewes in their second lactation and weighing 43.42 ± 0.4 kg were used in this study. Following one-week adaptation period, the ewes were allocated into 3x3 Latin-square and fed three different diets, the 1st untreated basal diet (T1), the 2nd barley 75%, wheat bran 7% and soybean meal 10% treated with formaldehyde 9l/ton (T2) and 3rd group wheat bran7% and soybean meal 20% treated with formaldehyde (T3). The ewes were offered 1.750 kg/ewe of concentrate in addition to grazing for 5-6 hr per day. Results showed that the ewes fed T2 and T3 diets had a higher (P<0.05) daily milk yield as well as milk fat, protein and lactose yield than ewes fed control diet. Blood urea concentration was higher (P<0.05), but albumin, triglyceride and glucose was lesser (P<0.05) in ewes given T2 and T3 diets than those fed T1 diet. It can be concluded that feeding Karadi ewes formaldehyde-treated diet improved milk yield and increased milk’s total solids.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND CYCLAZATION OF PYRAN USING Ag2O NANOPARTICLE FROM NATURAL SOURCE “GINGER”
Authors: D. Ruaa M.
Published: October 2021

This study was aimed to synthesis Ag2O nanoparticles (N.P.s) utilizing the Ginger plant (Zingiber officinale) extract. As catalysts for pyran derivatives formation employing a three-component coupling reaction among aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and dimedone. The nanoparticles exhibit robust catalytic activity with high productivity. Results revealed that Ag2O NPs improved various vital features, like higher yields, reaction time, simple chemical separation, catalytic economic efficiency, and quick process. This study aimed to cyclize heterocyclic compounds to provide new hetero compounds applying nano-oxides obtained from natural (unmanufactured) sources and used in several medical, pharmaceutical, and industrial implementations. The outcomes nanoparticles were examined by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (T.E.M.); the chemical characteristics of the outcome compounds were tested by spectroscopy techniques (FTIR spectroscopy and 1H-NMR).
ESTIMATING MAIZE EAR GRAIN YIELDS ON FARM
Authors: Elsahookie M. M. , Cheyed S. H. , Dawood A. A.
Published: October 2021

Crop growth modelling is one of the important sciences in field crop sciences for it helps to reduce time and effort in searching for a fact or result. This article was dealed with a formula to predict maize ear grain weight when plants still standing on farm. Two genotypes of maize were used in this trial, a hybrid of feed maize was used in 2018 and an open-pollinated cultivar of pop corn in 2019. Ear length and diameter were measured on 50 randomly taken plants of full seed – set before harvest .Ears were harvested later, air dried ,threshed and weighed, then yield adjusted to 15% moisture .Ears were considered as cylinder ,and volumes of each ear were calculated .Date of observed ear grain weights and their volumes were analyzed for their correlation and regression ,they were fit in both years .The expected ear grain weight in 2018 formula was: expected dry ear grain weight (g) = - 0.1342 + 0.4871 ear volume (cm3) and in 2019 , the formula was : expected dry ear grain weight(g) = +0.3509 + 0.4776 ear volume (cm3). Date of observed and expected dry ear grain weights was analyzed by t- test. The results showed high similarity between observed and expected ear weights, indicating that these two equations will be helpful to estimate dry ear grain weight of maize, while plants still on farm.
EFFECT OF CHICORY (CICHORIUM INTYBUS L.) LEAVES EXTRACT TO PROTECT CERTAIN LIVER ENZYMES IN MICE AGAINST CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY
Authors: Saddam A. C.
Published: October 2021

Chicory contains dietary inulin and oligofructose compounds which have a beneficial effect on metabolism, as well as polyphenol type derivatives, which may be responsible for the antioxidant properties. The effect of different concentrations of the hydroalcoholic extract of dried powdered leaves of chicory on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo in mice, has been studied. Thirty-five mice (20-30 g) of age four weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups (seven in each). The mice orally received three different concentrations of chicory leaves extract (CLE) before injection for 3 consecutive days by CCl4. The study showed that CCl4 caused elevation in serum GOT, GPT, and ALP activities in mice, but there was no pronounced elevation in total protein and albumin. Pretreatment of mice with 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/bwt of CLE protected the liver against CCl4-induced cytotoxicity. CLE significantly (p<0.05) reduced  the elevated level of cholesterol, triglycerides, and significantly increased the levels of HDL in the group of mice pretreated with CLE (150 mg/ kg); 145± 1.3, 243± 1.3, and 34± 1.2 mg/dl, respectively, compared with negative control (185± 1.4, 290± 1.4, and 21± 1.3 mg/dl, respectively). In contrast, serum fasting glucose and magnesium level in mice groups were not significantly different under the same conditions. CLE is potentially a good natural source for antioxidants and natural hepatoprotective as well as beneficial to who is suffering from hypercholesterolemia.
Two-Tier Cache-Aided Full-Duplex Hybrid Satellite–Terrestrial Communication Networks
Authors: Ngo Quynh , Phan Tran Khoa , Xiang Wei , Mahmood Abdun , Slay Jill
Published: October 2021

Enabling global Internet access is challenging for cellular-based Internet of Things (IoT) due to the limited range of terrestrial network services. One viable solution is to deploy IoT over satellite systems for coverage extension. However, operating a hybrid satellite-terrestrial network (STN) might incur high satellite bandwidth consumption and excessive service latency. Aiming to reduce the content delivery latency from the Internet-connected gateway to the users, this work proposes a wireless two-tier cache-enabled model with full-duplex transmissions where content caches are deployed at the satellite and ground station. A closed-form solution for the successful delivery probability (SDP) of the files is derived considering the requested content distributions and channel statistics. Then, the SDP performance under common caching policies can be conveniently evaluated. The results are also used to optimize cache placement under caching capacity constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the performance improvements of the proposed system over those of single-tier cache-aided and half-duplex transmission systems.
Assessing interactions between crop biophysical parameters and X-band backscattering using empirical data and model sensitivity analysis
Authors: Fontanelli Giacomo , Montomoli Francesco , Azar Ramion , Macelloni Giovanni , Villa Paolo
Published: October 2021

Active microwave
remote sensing data at different frequencies can provide crucial information on
crop morphology and conditions, thus effectively supporting agronomic
management at different scales. In this work,
we used variance-based global sensitivity analysis (GSA) as a quantitative
framework for investigating the sensitivity of X-band backscattering to
agronomic and morphological features typical of two different crops, maize and
rice. To this end, we jointly exploited empirical data on crop status and
growth, high-resolution TerraSAR-X data, and microwave radiative transfer model
(RTM) simulations. Phenology-informed simulations allowed us to quantify the
contributions of different scattering mechanisms for the two crops under
varying observation setups, to assess the sensitivity of X-band backscattering
to morpho-structural crop biophysical parameters (and their interactions), and
to evaluate the effects of crop biomass on backscatter across growth stages.
Hiding Messages into Secure Connection Transmissions with Full-Duplex Receiver
Authors: Ta Hien , Nguyen Lap Luat , Nguyen Tien Tung , Fiche Anthony , Gautier Roland
Published: October 2021

This letter considers hiding messages into overt transmissions with a Full-Duplex receiver, which emits Artificial Noise to secure its transmission connection while a transmitter opportunistically sends a covert message to a covert user. The warden’s uncertainties of decoding the overt message and Artificial Noise received power are exploited to hide messages. Then, the covert throughput accompanied with the warden’s average detection error probability are determined. The results show that increasing the transmit power of Artificial Noise will improve the covert performance. The results also show that the covert performance is improved when the self-interference cancellation is improved at the Full-Duplex receiver or the warden is located close to the Full-Duplex receiver, indicating the positive impact of the overt performance on the covert performance.
Spam-Detection with Comparative Analysis and Spamming Words Extractions
Authors: Islam Md Khairul , Amin Md Al , Islam Md Rakibul , Mahbub Md Nosin Ibna , Showrov Md Imran Hossain , Kaushal Chetna
Published: October 2021

Communication through email plays an essential part especially in every sector of our day-to-day life. Considering its significance, it is important to filter spam emails from emails. Spam email, also known as junk email, is unwanted messages that are sent by the electronic medium in large quantities. Most of the spam emails are commercial in nature that is not only irritating but also harmful due to malicious scams or malware-hosting sites or use viruses attached to the message. In this paper, we identify spam emails and expose how spam emails can be distinguished from legitimate/normal emails. We deployed four machine learning models and two deep learning models over the datasets including the combined dataset. Besides, we also try to find the important keywords that are found repeatedly from spam emails repository. This type of knowledge will enable us to detect spam emails for our personnel and community security purpose.
Unsupervised Color Retention Network and New Quantization Metric for Blind Motion Deblurring
Authors: Zhao Suiyi , Zhang Zhao , Hong Richang , Xu Mingliang , Zhang Haijun , Wang Meng , Yan Shuicheng
Published: October 2021

Unsupervised blind motion deblurring is still a challenging topic due to the inherent ill-posed properties, and lacking of paired data and accurate quality assessment method. Besides, virtually all the current studies suffer from large chromatic aberration between the latent and original images, which will directly cause the loss of image details. However, how to model and quantify the chromatic aberration appropriately are difficult issues urgent to be solved. In this paper, we propose a general unsupervised color retention network termed CRNet for blind motion deblurring, which can be easily extended to other tasks suffering from chromatic aberration. New concepts of blur offset estimation and adaptive blur correction are introduced, so that more detailed information can be retained to improve the deblurring task. Specifically, CRNet firstly learns a mapping from the blurry image to motion offset, rather than directly from the blurry image to latent image as previous work. With obtained motion offset, an adaptive blur correction operation is then performed on the original blurry image to obtain the latent image, thereby retaining the color information of image to the greatest extent. A new pyramid global blur feature perception module is also designed to further retain the color information and extract more blur information. To assess the color retention ability for image deblurring, we present a new chromatic aberration quantization metric termed Color-Sensitive Error (CSE) in line with human perception, which can be applied to both the cases with/without paired data. Extensive experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of our CRNet for the color retention in unsupervised deblurring.