bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical virtual planning of the stress-strain state of the func-tional masticatory center
Authors: Shcherbakov L. N. , Mansur Yu. P. , Verstakov D. V. , Kochkonyan T. S. , Domenyuk D. A. , Ivancheva E. N. , Domenyuk S. D.
Published: January 2023

A feature of mathematical modeling and study of a complex three-dimensional biomechanical object is the ability to achieve unity of geometric, physical, mechanical and biological indicators with the individual characteristics of the patient. A rather urgent problem of clinical dentistry is the development of recommendations on the distribution of masticatory pressure in patients with balanced occlusal-articulation relationships of the dentition. This paper considers one of the aspects of this problem associated with modeling the stress-strain state of the functional masticatory center, which is localized in the region of the first molars and the premolar groups of the upper and lower jaws during physiological occlusion. To determine the biomechanical parameters of the functional masticatory center, an analysis of the stress-strain state of mathematical models of this fragment of the dentition was carried out using the finite element method. When developing a model of a biomechanical system, the surrounding biological tissues were considered discretely in terms of structure and physical and mechanical properties: dentin, enamel, periodontium, bone, cement. A technique for analyzing models of the functional masticatory center is proposed, which makes it possible to establish the relationship between the magnitudes and directions of functional loads, as well as internal stresses and deformations. As a result of the analysis of the stress-strain state of geometric and finite element models, the distributions of maximum strains and stresses in a given section under the action of specified loads were obtained. It has been established that under the conditions of this mathematical model, the areas of the apical periodontium of the teeth have the maximum shock-absorbing properties, and the functional masticatory center is equated to a static system. The capabilities of modern computer software make it possible to expand the understanding of areas of stress concentration with varying load parameters in the functional masticatory center in order to determine the most “critical” zones in order to predict and prevent the development of long-term complications.
Effects of acrylic dentures on oral mucosa and salivary antimicrobial peptide content in denture wearers
Authors: Kerimkhanov K. A. , Malyshev M. E. , Iordanishvili A. K.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Aging of the body leads to the development of an imbalance in the secretory immunity of the oral mucosa, with the loss of natural teeth leading to an even more rapid decline in the host’s oral defense reactions. However, studies on salivary antimicrobial peptides in denture users and their potential role in protecting against the development of inflammation are still scarce at this time.Purpose. To evaluate the effects of full removable acrylic dentures on the oral mucosa and analyze the content of antimicrobial peptides in the saliva of wearers of such dentures.Materials and methods. Sixty-seven (21 men and 46 women) elderly patients (61 to 74 years old) with complete tooth loss were examined and divided into 3 study groups. In the 1st control group the patients did not use any dentures. Patients in groups 2 and 3 were made full removable acrylic dentures for the upper and lower jaws, and in group 2 from the first day of the adaptation period was used domestic denture fixation cream ASEPTA PARODONTAL. Assessment of the denture bed on the hard palate was performed visually using the Schiller – Pisarev test. Microbiological examination for Candida albicans was performed by PCR-diagnostics. The content of antimicrobial peptides in saliva was assessed using ELISA kits by Hycult Biotech.Results. The use of the adhesive cream was found to improve the condition of the palatal mucosa by 25% on the 15th day and by 50% on the 30th day of the adaptation period. Candida albicans was detected in oral material in more than 55% of patients in all groups during their initial examination. In the group of patients using denture fixation cream, a significant decrease in Candida albicans carriage was noted, while an increase in Candida albicans detection of up to 70% was noted in those not using the cream. There was also an increase in the level of cathelicidin LL-37 in the saliva of patients without the use of the cream and with a marked increase in inflammation. One month after dentures in patients without cream use the content of alpha-defensins (HNP 1-3) was significantly lower than that of the group with cream and the control group.Conclusion. On the basis of the carried out clinical and laboratory study, the domestic ACEPTA adhesive cream should be recommended for optimization of the adaptation period to removable acrylic dentures as well as for their permanent use.
COST Action to address challenges facing people with intellectual disabilities accessing cancer prevention and response services across Europe – Introducing CUPID - Cancer- Understanding Prevention in Intellectual Disabilities.
Authors: Wells John
Published: January 2023

COST Actions are grants provided by the European Union to support the establishment of networks of expertise to explore and address a scientific or social issue that impacts across Europe. This article introduces and describes one such action that started in October 2022 - CUPID - will address issues of policy and equity of access to cancer prevention initiatives by people with intellectual disabilities compared to the general population in Europe. With 82 individual members drawn from 30 countries CUPID will establish an interdisciplinary network of stakeholders representing carers, service providers, advocacy groups, educators, healthcare professionals, researchers and people with intellectual disabilities. The CUPID COST Action will be implemented over four years and will identify what needs to be addressed by the European Union and health and social services to improve cancer prevention among people with intellectual disabilities.
Low-dimensional nanomaterials as an emerging platform for cancer diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Cui Fengzhi , Liu Jianhua , Zhang Tianqi , Pang Siwen , Yu Haijia , Xu Nannan
Published: January 2023

The burden of cancer is increasing, being widely recognized as one of the main reasons for deaths among humans. Despite the tremendous efforts that have been made worldwide to stem the progression and metastasis of cancer, morbidity and mortality in malignant tumors have been clearly rising and threatening human health. In recent years, nanomedicine has come to occupy an increasingly important position in precision oncotherapy, which improves the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term prognosis of cancer. In particular, LDNs with distinctive physicochemical capabilities have provided great potential for advanced biomedical applications, attributed to their large surface area, abundant surface binding sites, and good cellular permeation properties. In addition, LDNs can integrate CT/MR/US/PAI and PTT/PDT/CDT/NDDS into a multimodal theranostic nanoplatform, enabling targeted therapy and efficacy assessments for cancer. This review attempts to concisely summarize the classification and major properties of LDNs. Simultaneously, we particularly emphasize their applications in the imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of cancerous diseases.
Investigation of high-speed deep well pump performance with different outlet setting angle of space diffuser
Authors: Gao Yang , Cao Weidong , Zhang Yangjie , Cao Gang , Zhao Xiaojie
Published: January 2023

As one of the important equipment for pumping groundwater, how to improve the operation performance of deep well pump has been a research hotspot. At present, most of the deep well pump hydraulic design research mainly focuses on the low speed condition, and there is still a lack of systematic research on the internal flow theory and design method of the high speed deep well pump. In this paper, numerical simulation is used to investigate the performance change law of high speed deep well pump under different space diffuser blade outlet setting angles, and the performance test of the design scheme model is used to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation. The hydraulic loss inside the space diffuser and the velocity moment at the outlet are quantitatively analyzed. The results shown that the outlet setting angle of 90° is a relatively optimal solution. Under the designed outlet setting angle, the hydraulic loss in the first-stage space diffuser decreases with the increase of the flow rate, and the average hydraulic loss in the space diffuser at all levels fluctuates between 16% and 20%. With the increase of the number of stages, the velocity moment at the outlet of the space diffuser also increases gradually, and the change trend of the velocity moment at the outlet of the first-stage space diffuser under different outlet setting angles is relatively consistent. This research can provide reference for the optimal design and application of high speed deep well pump.
MAITabolism2 – the emerging understanding of MAIT cell metabolism and their role in metabolic disease
Authors: Kedia-Mehta Nidhi , Hogan Andrew E.
Published: January 2023

Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of unconventional innate T cells due to their non-MHC restriction and rapid effector responses. MAIT cells can recognise bacterial derived antigens presented on the MHC-like protein via their semi-restricted T cell receptor (TCR). Upon TCR triggering MAIT cells rapidly produce a range of effector molecules including cytokines, lytic granules and chemokines. This rapid and robust effector response makes MAIT cells critical in host responses against many bacterial pathogens. MAIT cells can also respond independent of their TCR via innate cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-18, triggering cytokine production, and are important in anti-viral responses. In addition to their protective role, MAIT cells have been implicated in numerous inflammatory diseases, including metabolic diseases often contributing to the pathogenesis via their robust cytokine production. Effector cells such as MAIT cells require significant amounts of energy to support their potent responses, and the type of nutrients available can dictate the functionality of the cell. Although data on MAIT cell metabolism is just emerging, several recent studies are starting to define the intrinsic metabolic requirements and regulators of MAIT cells. In this review we will outline our current understanding of MAIT cell metabolism, and outline their role in metabolic disease, and how disease-related changes in extrinsic metabolism can alter MAIT cell responses.
Development of a GNSS/INS buoy array in preparation for SWOT validation in Bass Strait
Authors: Zhou Boye , Watson Christopher , Beardsley Jack , Legresy Benoit , King Matt A.
Published: January 2023

In preparation for validation of the swath-based altimetry mission (Surface Water Oceanography Topography, SWOT), we developed a buoy array, equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System/Inertial Navigation System, capable of accurately observing sea surface height (SSH), wave information and tropospheric delay. Here we present results from an 8-day trial deployment at five locations along a Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich (S6MF) ground track in Bass Strait. A triplet buoy group including two new buoys (Mk-VI) and a single predecessor (Mk-IV) were deployed in proximity to the historic Jason-series comparison point. SSH solutions compared against an in-situ mooring suggest the new buoys were working at an equivalent precision of ~1.5 cm to the previous design (MK-IV). At 10-km spacing along the S6MF track, the buoy array was shown to observe the progression of oceanographic and meteorological phenomena. Tidal analysis of the buoy array indicated moderate spatial variability in the shallow water tidal constituents, with differences in the instantaneous tidal height of up to ~0.2 m across the 40-km track. Further, tidal resonance within Bass Strait was observed to vary, most probably modulated by atmospheric conditions, yet only partially captured by an existing dynamic atmospheric correction product. A preliminary investigation into the spatial scale of the buoy error based on observed/inferred geostrophic currents with our present buoy array configuration suggests that the signal-noise ratio of the array became significant at 20-km spacing in Bass Strait. Finally, as an illustrative comparison between the buoy array and high resolution S6MF data, a single cycle was compared. The wet tropospheric delay observed by the S6MF radiometer exhibited some potential land contamination in the deployed area, while the 1-Hz and 20-Hz significant wave height from S6MF appeared within mission requirements. Generally good agreement between buoy and altimeter SSH was observed. However, subtle differences between the altimeter and the buoy sea level anomaly series warrants further investigation with additional cycles from a sustained deployment in the area. We conclude that the buoy array offers a useful geodetic tool to help quantify and understand intra-swath variability in the context of the SWOT mission.
Rapid and effective fusion repair of severed digital nerves using neurorrhaphy and bioengineered solutions including polyethylene glycol: A case report
Authors: Lopez Stephen , Bittner George D. , Treviño Richard C.
Published: January 2023

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) that consist of simple nerve severance often result in severe motor impairment and permanent loss of function. Such patients face significant costs and pose major burdens to healthcare systems. Currently, the most promising surgical technique to achieve the best clinical outcome after such PNIs is immediate primary coaptation of severed nerve ends by microsutures (neurorrhaphy). However, recovery is often poor and delayed for many months due to Wallerian degeneration (WD) and slow (1–2 mm/day) axonal outgrowths from severed proximal axons that may not properly reinnervate denervated afferent/efferent targets that have atrophied. In contrast, recent pre-clinical studies using polyethylene glycol (PEG) to facilitate primary nerve repair have greatly improved the rate and extent of sensory and motor recovery and prevented much WD and muscle atrophy. That is, PEG-fused axons rapidly establish proximal–distal axoplasmic/axolemmal continuity, which do not undergo WD and maintain the structure and function of neuromuscular junction (NMJ). PEG-fused axons rapidly reinnervate denervated NMJs, thereby preventing muscle atrophy associated with monthslong denervation due to slowly regenerating axonal outgrowths. We now describe PEG-mediated fusion repair of a digital nerve in each of two patients presenting with a digital laceration resulting in total loss of sensation. The first patient’s tactile perception improved markedly at 3 days postoperatively (PO). Two-point discrimination improved from greater than 10 mm at initial presentation to 4 mm at 11-week PO, and the Semmes–Weinstein monofilament score improved from greater than 6.65 to 2.83 mm, a near-normal level. The second patient had severe PO edema and scar development requiring a hand compression glove and scar massage, which began improving at 11-week PO. The sensory function then improved for 4 months PO, with both two-point discrimination and Semmes–Weinstein scores approaching near-normal levels at the final follow-up. These case study data are consistent with data from animal models. All these data suggest that PEG-fusion technologies could produce a paradigm shift from the current clinical practice of waiting days to months to repair ablation PNIs with autografts, anucleated nerve allografts, or conduits in which the patient outcome is solely dependent upon axon regeneration over months or years.
Heterogeneous clinicopathological findings and patient-reported outcomes in adults with MN1-altered CNS tumors: A case report and systematic literature review
Authors: Frederico Stephen C. , Vera Elizabeth , Abdullaev Zied , Acquaye Alvina , Aldape Kenneth , Boris Lisa , Briceno Nicole , Choi Anna , Christ Alexa , Cooper Diane , Grajkowska Ewa , Kunst Tricia , Leeper Heather E. , Levine Jason , Lollo Nicole , Pratt Drew , Quezado Martha , Shah Ritu , Wall Kathleen , Gilbert Mark R. , Armstrong Terri S. , Penas-Prado Marta
Published: January 2023

The uncommon MN1-altered primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors were recently added to the World Health Organization 2021 classification under the name Astroblastoma, MN1-altered. Another term used to describe them, “High-grade neuroepithelial tumor with MN1 alteration” (HGNET-MN1), makes reference to their distinct epigenetic profile but is currently not a recommended name. Thought to occur most commonly in children and predominantly in females, MN1-altered CNS tumors are associated with typical but not pathognomonic histological patterns and are characterized by a distinct DNA methylation profile and recurrent fusions implicating the MN1 (meningioma 1) gene. Diagnosis based on histological features alone is challenging: most cases with morphological features of astroblastoma (but not all) show these molecular features, whereas not all tumors with MN1 fusions show astroblastoma morphology. There is large variability in reported outcomes and detailed clinical and therapeutic information is frequently missing. Some patients experience multiple recurrences despite multimodality treatment, whereas others experience no recurrence after surgical resection alone, suggesting large clinical and biological heterogeneity despite unifying epigenetic features and recurrent fusions. In this report, we present the demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment, and outcome (including patient-reported outcomes) of three adults with MN1-altered primary CNS tumors diagnosed via genome-wide DNA methylation and RNA sequencing. All three patients were females and two of them were diagnosed as young adults. By reporting our neuropathological and clinical findings and comparing them with previously published cases we provide insight into the clinical heterogeneity of this tumor. Additionally, we propose a model for prospective, comprehensive, and systematic collection of clinical data in addition to neuropathological data, including standardized patient-reported outcomes.
Urachal carcinoma: a large retrospective multicentric study from the French Genito-Urinary Tumor Group
Authors: Guerin M. , Miran C. , Colomba E. , Cabart M. , Herrmann T. , Pericart S. , Maillet D. , Neuzillet Y. , Deleuze A. , Coquan E. , Laramas M. , Thibault C. , Abbar B. , Mesnard B. , Borchiellini D. , Dumont C. , Boughalem E. , Deville JL. , Cancel M. , Saldana C. , Khalil A. , Baciarello G. , Flechon A. , Walz J. , Gravis G.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Urachal cancer (UrC) is a rare, non-urothelial malignancy. Its natural history and management are poorly understood. Although localized to the bladder dome, the most common histological subtype of UrC is adenocarcinoma. UrC develops from an embryonic remnant, and is frequently diagnosed in advanced stage with poor prognosis. The treatment is not standardized, and based only on case reports and small series. This large retrospective multicentric study was conducted by the French Genito-Urinary Tumor Group to gain a better understanding of UrC.

Material and Methods

data has been collected retrospectively on 97 patients treated at 22 French Cancer Centers between 1996 and 2020.

Results

The median follow-up was 59 months (range 44-96). The median age at diagnosis was 53 years (range 20-86), 45% were females and 23% had tobacco exposure. For patients with localized disease (Mayo I-II, n=46) and with lymph-node invasion (Mayo III, n=13) median progression-free-survival (mPFS) was 31 months (95% CI: 20-67) and 7 months (95% CI: 6-not reached (NR)), and median overall survival (mOS) was 73 months (95% CI: 57-NR) and 22 months (95% CI: 21-NR) respectively. For 45 patients with Mayo I-III had secondary metastatic progression, and 20 patients were metastatic at diagnosis. Metastatic localization was peritoneal for 54% of patients. Most patients with localized tumor were treated with partial cystectomy, with mPFS of 20 months (95% CI: 14-49), and only 12 patients received adjuvant therapy. Metastatic patients (Mayo IV) had a mOS of 23 months (95% CI: 19-33) and 69% received a platin-fluorouracil combination treatment.

Conclusion

UrC is a rare tumor of the bladder where patients are younger with a higher number of females, and a lower tobacco exposure than in standard urothelial carcinoma. For localized tumor, partial cystectomy is recommended. The mOS and mPFS were low, notably for patients with lymph node invasion. For metastatic patients the prognosis is poor and standard therapy is not well-defined. Further clinical and biological knowledge are needed.
microRNA production in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ding Ning , Zhang Bailong
Published: January 2023

In plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) associate with ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins and act as sequence-specific repressors of target gene expression, at the post-transcriptional level through target transcript cleavage and/or translational inhibition. MiRNAs are mainly transcribed by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (POL II) and processed by DICER LIKE1 (DCL1) complex into 21∼22 nucleotide (nt) long. Although the main molecular framework of miRNA biogenesis and modes of action have been established, there are still new requirements continually emerging in the recent years. The studies on the involvement factors in miRNA biogenesis indicate that miRNA biogenesis is not accomplished separately step by step, but is closely linked and dynamically regulated with each other. In this article, we will summarize the current knowledge on miRNA biogenesis, including MIR gene transcription, primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) processing, miRNA AGO1 loading and nuclear export; and miRNA metabolism including methylation, uridylation and turnover. We will describe how miRNAs are produced and how the different steps are regulated. We hope to raise awareness that the linkage between different steps and the subcellular regulation are becoming important for the understanding of plant miRNA biogenesis and modes of action.
A Novel Online Calculator Predicting Acute Kidney Injury After Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zeng Jianfeng , Li Qiaoyun , Wu Qixing , Li Li , Ye Xijiu , Liu Jing , Cao Bingbing
Published: January 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation (LT) is a common complication, and its development is thought to be multifactorial. We aimed to investigate potential risk factors and build a model to identify high-risk patients. A total of 199 LT patients were enrolled and each patient data was collected from the electronic medical records. Our primary outcome was postoperative AKI as diagnosed and classified by the KDIGO criteria. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operating algorithm and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to select factors and construct the model. Discrimination and calibration were used to estimate the model performance. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was applied to assess the clinical application value. Five variables were identified as independent predictors for post-LT AKI, including whole blood serum lymphocyte count, RBC count, serum sodium, insulin dosage and anhepatic phase urine volume. The nomogram model showed excellent discrimination with an AUC of 0.817 (95% CI: 0.758–0.876) in the training set. The DCA showed that at a threshold probability between 1% and 70%, using this model clinically may add more benefit. In conclusion, we developed an easy-to-use tool to calculate the risk of post-LT AKI. This model may help clinicians identify high-risk patients.
Angiomixoma Agressivo em região pelve perineal: relato de caso
Authors: Kague Danielle Lumi , de Meira Jessica Laís Caregnato , Da Silva Júnior Jordão Francisco
Published: January 2023

Introdução: Angiomixoma agressivo é um tumor mesenquimal raro mais comum em mulheres. Acomete principalmente regiões de pelve, períneo e vulva. É um tumor benigno, cujo nome “agressivo” se dá pelo fato de possuir um caráter infiltrativo e de alta recidiva, necessitando de acompanhamento a longo prazo. Relato de caso: Mulher, 46 anos, encaminhada com resultado de biópsia, que evidenciou “neoplasia mesenquimatosa infiltrativa”. O laudo anatomopatológico associado à imuno-histoquímica evidenciou diagnostico de angiomixoma agressivo. A ressonância magnética mostrou acometimento da região glútea esquerda associado a deslocamento de estruturas adjacentes. Realizou-se a cirurgia com excisão marginal da lesão com doença residual não mensurável associado a radioterapia pós cirúrgica. Manteve-se acompanhamento cardiológico e oncológico com ausência de recidiva ou atividade da doença após 20 meses de pós cirúrgico. Conclusão: O angiomixoma agressivo, devido à sua raridade, continua sendo um desafio tanto para o diagnóstico quanto para o tratamento, destacando-se a relevância do caso apresentado.
Identidad personal, neurotecnologías y Derechos Humanos
Authors: Villar Vincent M. , Muñoz José Manuel
Published: January 2023

El rápido desarrollo de las neurotecnologías y la inteligencia artificial en el siglo XXI plantea nuevos desafíos éticos y preguntas acerca de las posibles amenazas que representaría el uso incorrecto o malintencionado de estas técnicas. Surge así el dilema del control: ¿debemos regular la neurotecnología antes de que se consolide, arriesgándonos así a frenar su desarrollo, o debemos esperar a que se afiance para evaluar entonces su impacto ético, aun a riesgo de que pueda resultar demasiado tarde? En apoyo de una respuesta dirigida hacia la regulación temprana, el presente trabajo se centra específicamente en el posible impacto de la neurotecnología para el neuroderecho a la identidad personal. Basaremos nuestro análisis en dos ejemplos: un estudio de caso y una situación hipotética. El estudio de caso tratará sobre los efectos del compuesto activo de la marihuana, el tetrahidrocannabinol (THC). La situación hipotética consistirá en la posibilidad futura de que se cumpla el escenario conocido como “cerebro en una cubeta”.
Problems associated with the contrast between thermal and mechanical properties of materials
Authors: Duque Maria Rosa
Published: January 2023

The present work consists in the study of thermal and mechanical properties of a body consisting of equal volume of two materials with different thermal and mechanical properties, placed in physical contact. The materials are subjected to a common thermal source but, due to their density and specific heat capacity, their temperatures will suffer different variations. This work studies the changes occurring near the contact zone of the two materials. In addition to different volume  increases (pressure increases) in the two materials, different values of thermal conductivity must be considered and shear  stresses of thermal origin, with different values in the two materials must be studied near  the contact zone. The work studies the changes observed near the contact area of the two materials considering different values of heat supplied . Changes of thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity values with temperature are considered but variations with pressure increase are not. The hypothesis of introducing a third element (water) into pre-existing cracks dilated with the initial heating is also studied.
A estatística nos livros didáticos de matemática dos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Queiroz José Carlos S. , Santos Viviane Mendonça dos
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como o conteúdo de estatística é abordado nos livros didáticos de matemática do 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Apresentação bem construída das medidas de tendência central contribui para interpretar e analisar dados e apresentar resultados consistentes e favoráveis à tomada de decisões, nas diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Tais fatos contribuem para uma formação cidadã e crítica. Fundamentados na abordagem da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC, 2017), da teoria das situações didáticas de Gerard Vergnaud (1996a) e das discussões pautadas pela educação matemática, apresenta-se um arcabouço teórico para sustentar as análises do conteúdo nos livros. A partir da análise qualitativa foram elaborados os critérios metodológicos para subsidiaram a análise de dois livros didáticos de matemática aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD, 2020). Observa-se que os conteúdos desta área da matemática são apresentados por meios de problemas contextualizados, porém com vieses distintos, o que acarretará em compreensões distintas da maemática. Em seguida a apresentação formal dos aspectos teóricos fundamentados nos problemas apresentados. Por fim, constatou-se que ambas as obras contemplam alguns parâmetros da BNCC (2017), da teoria dos campos conceituais e os pressupostos da educação estatística. Porém, no que tange ao uso dos tópicos analisados, os livros não trazem uma discussão sobre o uso de um conceito em detrimento do outro.
Sistema de Governança Integrada da CVA com análise de riscos considerando eventos estocásticos
Authors: Martins Adriano Guedes , Sousa Thales
Published: January 2023

O desenvolvimento de modelos de negócio com implementações tecnológicas e que envolvam análise de risco, sob condições de incertezas, é decisivo para que a empresa possa se preparar e antever situações que causem desequilíbrios no negócio. Aplicações de conceitos de governança com processos automatizados aliado a simulação de cenários buscam representar de forma mais realista o ambiente regulatório e financeiro em que as concessionárias de distribuição de energia elétrica estão inseridas. Neste cenário, um ponto que merece atenção é a Conta de Compensação de variação da Parcela A - CVA - quem tem apresentado valores significativos e de alto impacto no caixa das distribuidoras. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um sistema que busca melhorar o processo de apuração da CVA e por meio da técnica de Método de Monte Carlo projetar possíveis cenários de Custos Regulatórios da Parcela A com gerenciamento de risco por meio do Conditional Value-at-Risk CVaR.
Exercício aeróbico e dispneia em indivíduos adultos saudáveis pós infecção por SARS-CoV2: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Bilk Brenda , Matsuda Josie Budag , Matsuda Luis Otavio , Gonzales Ana Ines
Published: January 2023

Introdução: O Covid-19 é caracterizado por uma infecção que pode acarretar uma variedade de sintomas, onde a dispneia é destaque. Pesquisas já demonstraram que treino de exercícios aeróbicos podem melhorar a função cardiorrespiratória. Objetivo: Investigar se pacientes pós-covid19, sem comorbidades associadas, têm desenvolvido dispneia ao exercício aeróbico. Métodos: Revisão sistemática conduzida conforme as recomendações e diretrizes PRISMA. As bases de dados utilizadas foram PubMed, Cochrane, PEDro, LILACS e Scielo, compreendendo desde janeiro de 2020 até dezembro de 2021, sendo utilizadas as palavras do dicionário Mesh para as bases de dados PubMed e Cochrane, com os seguintes descritores e operadores boleanos: [(COVID-19 OR 2019-nCoV Disease OR COVID-19 Virus Infection) AND  (Exercise OR Aerobic Exercise AND Exercise, Aerobic AND Dyspnea; Breathlessness; AND Shortness of Breath)], sendo estas posteriormente adequadas para as demais bases. Dois revisores conduziram os critérios de seleção e elegibilidade. Resultados: Inicialmente 281 estudos foram identificados, sendo que apenas um foi considerado elegível. A amostra total foi de um indivíduo, onde a avaliação da dispnéia ocorreu em conjunto com as escalas Medical Research Council (MRC-dispneia) e Modified Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale (mRPE). A escala MRC-dispneia foi utilizada pré e pós tratamento, já a escala mRPE foi utilizada durante o exercício, modulando a intensidade conforme a paciente se encontrava, com limiar de 5-6/10. Em junto aos exercícios aeróbios, houve a combinação de exercícios fisioterapêuticos respiratórios. Conclusão: O tratamento fisioterapêutico com intervenções voltadas ao exercício aeróbico, em conjunto com outras técnicas, pode melhorar os sintomas pós-virais de dispneia.
Cimento álcali-ativado: influência da substituição parcial de lodo de Estação de Tratamento de Água por metacaulim
Authors: De Jesus Aedjota Matos , da Silva Hugo Rodrigues , Braga Fabrício Aurélio Fernandes , Teixeira Nayessa Evelyn Braga , Virgolino Luciana Silvino , Azevedo Samanta Ferreira , Pires Daniela Giovanini Manuel , Picanço Marcelo de Souza
Published: January 2023

O lodo de Estação de Tratamento de Água tem se mostrado um insumo em potencial para produção de cimento álcali-ativado, devido principalmente sua composição química com elevados teores de sílica e alumina. Além disso, a utilização desse resíduo para desenvolvimento de cimento álcali-ativado representa uma solução ambientalmente adequada ao ser capaz de absorver o resíduo na cadeia produtiva do cimento álcali-ativado e emitir menor quantidade de CO2 durante sua produção, quando comparada com a produção do cimento Portland. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a influência da substituição parcial do lodo de Estação de Tratamento de Água por metacaulim nas propriedades de cimentos álcali-ativados. Para tanto, em função do tempo de pega e resistência à compressão, foram analisadas três dosagens de cimento álcali-ativado com substituição parcial em massa de lodo calcinado de Estação de Tratamento de Água da cidade de Porto Velho/RO por metacaulim nas proporções de 20%, 35% e 50%. Os resultados mostram que os cimentos álcali-ativados possuem tempos de início de pega rápido, pois são menores que 30 minutos, e duas dosagens (35% e 50%) apresentaram resistência superior a 25 MPa, o que torna o cimento álcali-ativado adequado para aplicação na construção civil. A análise estatística revelou que a substituição parcial em massa na proporção de 30% de lodo de Estação de Tratamento de Água por metacaulim afeta significativamente a propriedade de resistência à compressão.
Hacia un enfoque curricular promotor de la creatividad y la innovación en los estudiantes de ingeniería industrial en el ámbito de industria 4.0
Authors: Vaquer Alejandro Jorge , Traverso María Delia , Vitaller María Laura , Maio Sofía di , Ingrao Pablo Jonatan
Published: January 2023

La Industria 4.0 o 4ta. Revolución Industrial es el dominio de los procesos industriales por medios cibernéticos [1]. Esta cibercultura requiere ingenieros competentes técnicamente, creativos, innovadores y capaces de comunicarse de manera compleja [2,3]. Tal formación implica un enfoque de enseñanza acorde. Investigamos: cuáles son los factores que promueven la creatividad y la innovación de los estudiantes de Ingeniería Industrial e impulsan el rol del docente hacia un enfoque curricular promotor de ellos. Se trabajó sobre los docentes, titular y ayudante, y 40 alumnos de la materia Organización Industrial A (80% trabaja) de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad de Morón, turno noche, en los períodos lectivos 2018 y 2019. Se aplicó la investigación-acción donde dos observadoras registraron el desarrollo de las clases y a posteriori analizaron con los docentes, elaborando categorías conceptuales: postura del docente frente al alumnado, participación de los alumnos, estrategias, recursos didácticos y evaluación. Dieron lugar a postular un nuevo enfoque para los cursos que se implementó durante 2018 y 2019, pasando de la práctica conductista al modelo ecológico [4]. Los alumnos respondieron positivamente al nuevo enfoque. El nivel de aprobación de trabajos prácticos fue 92,3 % en 2019; lo que dio un incremento de 26 % entre 2017 y 2019.
Diagnóstico da arborização dos reassentamentos urbanos coletivos de Altamira – Pará
Authors: Araújo Luís Carlos Passos , Oliveira Igor Renan Araújo , Freitas Alessandra Doce Dias de
Published: January 2023

Altamira possui apenas 44,3% de vias públicas arborizadas, pouco para um dos componentes fundamentais na regulação do clima, na conservação da qualidade do ar e na promoção da saúde e bem-estar da população. Diante do crescimento acelerado no município, culminado com a implementação de um grande empreendimento local, teve como consequência a supressão de grandes áreas florestais e o surgimento de cinco novos bairros planejados, contudo seu projeto de arborização é desconhecido por parte da população. Quais espécies foram plantadas? São adequadas para o local? Poderão causar algum dano nas estruturas das casas, calçadas, ruas, rede elétrica, rede de águas pluviais e esgoto? O objetivo do estudo é inventariar e avaliar as espécies arbóreas existentes nos Reassentamentos Urbano Coletivo em Altamira-PA, a fim de obter subsídios para avaliar os parâmetros qualitativos e quantitativos da arborização, bem como acompanhar o processo de podas, plantio, remoção. Foi realizado o inventário florístico do tipo censo das plantas com hábitos arbustivo e/ou arbóreo, percorrendo todas as ruas dos cinco RUCs, no período de maio a setembro.
Performance improvement of textile wastewater treatment plant design by STOAT model simulation
Authors: Akuma Desalegn Abdissa , Hundie Ketema Beyecha , Bullo Tafere Aga
Published: January 2023

Background: To control pollution, wastewater treatment from textile plays an important role in treating wastewater to meet quality standards before it is discharged into the environment. Without properly treated wastewater from the textile industry, it contains organic and inorganic pollutants that cause environmental problems such as water pollution, loss of marine life, and soil and air pollution. The aim of this study was to design and simulate a textile sewage treatment plant. Methods: This study was conducted by simulating the process and operation of a wastewater treatment plant using STOAT software. In addition, STOAT’s graphical and static data analysis models are efficient in removing multi-component pollutants from the textile industry. Results: Some pollutant parameters prior to the design model are suspended solids (SS) (260 mg/L), DS (3600 mg/L), ammonia (65 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (430 mg/L), nitrate (35 mg/L), and dissolved Oxygen (DO) (12 mg/L). The wastewater of the simulation result of the sewage treatment plant model contained SS (3.3 mg/L), ammonia (25 mg/L), BOD (4 mg/L), nitrate (61.3 mg/L), and the removal percentage of total suspended solids (TSS), BOD, and Ammonia was 99.75, 99.1, 61.33 mg/L, respectively. Through the treatment process, Ammonia was oxidized and nitrification was processed rather than denitrification. Conclusion: Using the stoat modeling software, wastewater treatment plant design is very effective in removing contaminants from textile wastewater by selecting specific parameters.
Declining trend in anemia prevalence among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Vietnam over two decades: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population studies
Authors: Kien Nguyen Trung , Duc Tran Quang , Chi Vu Thi Quynh , Quang Phan Ngoc , Tuyen Bui Thi Thanh , Hoa Dinh Thi Phuong
Published: January 2023

Background: Anaemia is a public health concern in developing nations, particularly among women of reproductive age. However, the present prevalence and recent trend in anaemia among this population are unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anaemia among non-pregnant women in Vietnam. Methods: We systematically searched databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and reference lists of earlier prevalence studies from their inception until July 2022. For statistical analysis to check for heterogeneity, random or fixed effects models were employed to summarize the prevalence of anaemia. Visual examination of a funnel plot was used to determine the presence of publication bias, which was then verified using the Egger regression test. Subgroup analyses were also undertaken to evaluate how the proportion of anaemia differs across various study groups. Results: A total of 188 studies were found as a result of the bibliographical search. Finally, of the 12 included studies, anaemia affected 5089 non-pregnant women out of a total of 19744, making the prevalence of this condition 23.2% (95% CI: 16.1-32.2). From 1995 to 2013, the prevalence of anaemia in this population declined significantly, from 42.6% to 16.9%. Notably, the prevalence of anaemia among non-pregnant women differed by geography and increased by mountains, Northern Vietnam, rural areas, and ethnic minority groups. Furthermore, no publication bias was found in this meta-analysis. Conclusion: To enhance the health of women and meet global objectives for eliminating anaemia, more efforts are required in specific regions and ethnic minority groups in Vietnam.
COVID-19 and the current state of palliative care in the United States
Authors: Sina-Odunsi Ayobami Jadesola , Sina-Odunsi Ayomide Busayo
Published: January 2023

Palliative care is becoming increasingly pertinent to be strengthened across health systems around the world, and the United States is not an exception. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted provision and access to palliative care among patients with serious and complex illnesses, critically ill persons, and their families in the United States. Prior to the emergence of the pandemic, the United States faced a number of challenges ranging from racial discrimination, a stressed medical workforce, a lack of passable reimbursement for palliative care, and legal barriers, among others. Unfortunately, these issues have gotten worse amid the pandemic. This further revealed the need to invest more in innovative strategies that will ensure the provision of palliative care services during public health emergencies. In this article, we comment on the current state of palliative care in the United States.
"Digital global health diplomacy" for climate change and human security in the Anthropocene
Authors: Chattu Vijay Kumar
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has now affected everyone, threatening every aspect of our well-being with over 617597680 confirmed cases, including 6532705 deaths globally. The context of the Anthropocene is the backdrop for the novel, interlinked, systemic, and global threats. Anthropocene is a term proposed to designate the era in which human beings have become predominant drivers of planetary change, drastically altering the planet’s biosphere. The concept of global health diplomacy (GHD), which connects the domains of health and international relations, has a critical role in advancing human security. Thus, there is a need for new forms of diplomacy, which is critically important in this complex intermestic and interdependent Anthropocene era, where globalization has inevitably linked nations and population health. This paper introduces, analyzes, and attempts to define "Digital Global Health Diplomacy" (DGHD), which has gained great momentum during this COVID-19 pandemic with concurrent health and human security threats. The application of digital formats to the existing traditional structures for dialogue has become a more popular tool recently. Furthermore, digital means are being used during the COVID-19 pandemic to share the health diplomacy discourse at subnational, supranational, international, regional, and global platforms. DGHD reminds us again of the criticality of this multidisciplinary concept involving the contributions of diplomats, global health specialists, digital technology experts, economists, trade specialists, international law, political scientists, etc., in the global policymaking process. If used effectively by trained global health diplomats through innovative digital platforms, DGHD has a great scope of delivering results faster and has more reach than the traditional approach.
Strengthening Africa’s capacity for vaccine research: Needs and challenges
Authors: Owolade Adedoyin John-Joy , Sokunbi Taiwo Oluwaseun , Aremu Favour Oluwatobi , Omotosho Esther Oluwatosin , Sunday Blessing Abai , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo , Ekpenyong Aniekan , Babatunde Abdulhammed Opeyemi
Published: January 2023

Vaccine development and production harbinger the control and eradication of infectious diseases. Vaccination played a huge role in the curtailment of disease outbreaks like smallpox and polio, especially in Africa. Despite the high demand for several vaccines in Africa due to the highly infectious disease burden, the continent still lacks adequate capacity for vaccine research and development. This paper aims to discuss the need and challenges of Africa to strengthen its capacity for vaccine research and development and also highlight practical recommendations. Some of the needs for Africa to prioritize vaccine research and development include; improving quality of life and well-being, cost-effectiveness, independent preparedness and response to local outbreaks, and increased access to funding. Challenges associated with vaccine research and development include the cost of the investment, risk of failure; poor ethical framework and legislation; lack of adequate funding; lack of political will & support; and poor surveillance system. Strategies to create sufficient research funds, an efficient surveillance system, and a legislative framework are clearly described. In conclusion, strengthening vaccine research capacity in Africa requires the political goodwill of African governments and strategic partnerships with international organizations and institutes. The challenges facing this development and possible solutions have been highlighted in this article.
Effectiveness of different behavioral interventions on gestational weight gain, post-partum weight retention and anthropometric measures in pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rani Vandana , Joshi Shabnam
Published: January 2023

Background: The antenatal and postnatal periods are critical stages in a woman’s reproductive life. Many physical changes occur during pregnancy, such as water retention and excessive weight gain. The aim of the present study is to find out the effectiveness of various behavioral interventions during pregnancy to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR). Methods: In this parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 150 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy, aged 20-30 years, body mass index (BMI)≥18.5 kg/m2 and gestational age of less than 16 weeks were randomly allocated into five groups (N=30 in each group): Group A: Control; Group B: Supervised exercise; Group C: Pedometer; Group D: Text message; and Group E: Pedometer plus text message group. Group B received four supervised exercise sessions per month up to delivery; Groups C and E were urged to increase their levels of physical activity, focusing on pedometer-measured step counts of at least 5000–7500 steps per day on seven consecutive days each month. Group E along with group D also received standard SMS messages about physical activity, diet, motivation, and educational-specific topics. Results: The between-group comparisons revealed a statistically significant reduction in PPWR but insignificant difference in GWG. The greatest reduction in PPWR was found in the supervised exercise group (MD=3.25 kg, 95% CI: [1.75, 4.75], P=0.0001 with effect size (η2 )=0.155). Conclusion: The study found that the supervised exercise can be seen as an effective way of improving the physical activity level and reducing excessive PPWR in pregnant women.