bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Chinese and English Compliments
Authors: Yu Rongmei
Published: October 2019

It is particularly known that more interactions of people all around the world are on more broader level with the development of society. People are able to exchange their ideas or positive feelings with each other with different languages. We know that the language carries the culture, and different cultures will cause the speech act expressed with the different ways. Therefore, as a speech act, compliments in various languages are also covered by the cultures all over the world. Duo to the differences of cultural background, the customary culture and factors of cultural judgement vary from nations, so that people should pay more attention to the ways of compliments and responds. Compliment has its specific meaning and functions both in Chinese and English, as well as other languages. However, language environment is too important to be without for compliment and the expression of compliment response also varies from different cultural context. In addition, people have various emphasis when they compliment others, Sometimes, not all compliments will be considered to be a praise, if the compliments aren’t expressed in proper ways, the recipients may feel ill at ease, even irritated. In order to use the compliments in appropriate ways and make responds properly to attain expected effects, the author is mainly to make comparison between Chinese and English compliments. The comparison contains complimentary contents, such as appearance, weight, friendship and possession, response patterns and characteristics of Chinese and English compliment responses. The author also wants to mater the skills of appropriate compliment expression by contrasting Chinese and English compliment on some aspects.
Task-based Approach to Develop Intercultural Communicative Competence in College English Education
Authors: Cai Lingling , Lv Junlu
Published: October 2019

Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is a hot topic in foreign language teaching and learning. This paper discusses about task-based approach to develop students’ intercultural communicative competence in SUSE English class. In so doing, this paper provides theoretical foundations of concepts about intercultural communicative competence and task-based approach. Meanwhile, this paper describes the feasible tasks used in real class and find it is possible to develop students’ intercultural communicative competence in Chinese educational context.
Proximization Theory and the Construction of International Values: A Case Study of President Xi Jinping’s Speech at the 70th Session of the UN General Assembly
Authors: Wang Yunyou
Published: October 2019

Under the cognitive linguistics approach to CDS (Critical Discourse Study), this paper selects the construal operation of “deixis” and takes Chinese President Xi Jinping’s speech at the 70th session of the United Nations General Assembly as a corpus in order to examine through the cognitive-pragmatic model of proximization theory how this text delivers the international value of “a community of shared future for mankind.” The three dimensions of “spatial proximization,” “temporal proximization,” and “axiological proximization” serve as analytical tools for evaluating discourse strategies in political discourse and the shaping of international values with Chinese characteristics. The study shows that proximization theory could be well suited to critical discourse analysis and its spatial-temporal-axiological (STA) model possess the specific explanatory power in value construction.
Indonesian Language Learning Based on Teachers’ Directive Speech Act Strategy (TDSAS) and Students’ Positive Affective Color Response (SPACR) with a Synectic Model
Authors: Sumarti Sumarti , Sunarti Iing , Widodo Mulyanto
Published: October 2019

Love and self-esteem can be fulfiled by the teacher through teachers’ directive speech act strategy (TDSAS). Teachers need to use teachers’ directive speech act strategy to make the students feel loved and respected and emerge the students’ positive affective color response (SPACR) which creates a fun, effective and conducive learning process. Some verbal abuses made by the teachers affect the students’ psychology (inferiority, trauma, laziness, and has no motivation to come to school). This study aimed to portray the Indonesian language learning in junior high school using TDSAS-SPACR with a synectics model to improve the quality of the process and learning outcomes. Using the descriptive-qualitative method, the results showed that the TDSAS based learning which emerges SPACR creates an effective and fun Indonesian language learning in junior high school.
La dependencia emocional y su relación con el sexismo en adolescentes.
Authors: Cañete Lairla Miguel Ángel , Díaz Sánchez Luis Domingo
Published: October 2019

La adolescencia es una etapa de crisis en la que los valores y las personas importantes de la infancia empiezan a dejar paso a aquellos otros que constituirán la base de la formación del adulto. De entre las variables que serán protagonistas de esta transición, este estudio pretende mostrar el importante papel de la dependencia emocional y su relación con el sexismo ambivalente en función del sexo y la edad, así como estudiar otras variables psicosociales que están implicadas en la conducta de los adolescentes. A partir de una muestra de 85 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria y Bachiller, se analizan los datos obtenidos en las escalas aplicadas utilizando pruebas de correlación, comparación de medias y de control de variables. Los resultados muestran la evolución diferencial de la dependencia en función del sexo y la edad, su relación con el sexismo, el aislamiento familiar y social, la culpa, la autoestima y la sumisión.
Depressive disorder and psychosocial indicators in high school and college students from Mexico City: data from two censuses
Authors: González-Forteza Catalina , Solís Torres Cuauhtémoc , Juárez García Francisco , Jiménez Tapia Alberto , Hernández Fernández Gisela , Fernández-Varela Mejía Héctor , Medina-Mora María Elena
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Almost 5% of the Mexican general population (18-65 years old) has suffered depression once in their lives, and 2% of them more than once without receiving treatment. Objetive. To measure the prevalence of depressive disorder and to calculate its relationship with psychosocial indicators. Method. Data were collected through two censuses with high school and college students from a university in Mexico City (n = 116 214). Participants completed the CES-D and other scales. Multivariate logistic regression models were used. Results. The prevalence of depressive disorder was 16%. Predictors of depressive disorder were: having suffered psychological or sexual violence, having a family member who had been injured during an assault, history of depression in the family, poor quality in family and social relationships, among others. Discussion and conclusion. The prevalence of depressive disorder increases with age. As prevention and treatment at an early age are essential, intervention and monitoring strategies must be created and systematized taking gender and other elements into account, such as the relationship with the parents, violence, and a history of depression in the family.
Effect of postictal process in motor deficit and monoaminergic concentration in hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex
Authors: Avila-Luna Alberto , Bueno-Nava Antonio , Cortes-Altamirano José Luis , Reyes-Long Samuel , Bandala Cindy , Alfaro-Rodríguez Alfonso
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Systemic administration of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) causes brain damage (BD), and triggers a series of morphological and neurochemical changes, which in turn bring about behavioral, cognitive, and motor deficits. Serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and noradrenaline (NA) levels are controlled by various brain structures and these levels are related to motor activity; however, the concentration of these neurotransmitters during the postictal process remains unknown. Objective. We investigated the concentration of 5-HT, NA and DA in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex on motor deficit during the postictal stage. Method. Eighteen male Wistar rats (300 g) assigned to two groups: control (n = 9, saline solution) and experimental (n = 9, PTZ) were used. Myoclonic shakes were counted and motor behavior assessments were recorded during three hours post PTZ injection (90 mg/kg). The cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus of each rat were dissected to determine the 5-HT, DA, and NA concentration by high performance liquid chromatography. Results. PTZ induced a significant increase in total 5-HT and DA levels in the hippocampus and cortex; in the cerebellum there was a significant increase in the concentration of 5-HT and NA. The presence of myoclonic shakes as well as a marked motor deficit in the experimental group were significantly different in comparison to the control. Discussion and conclusion. 5-HT modifies the concentration of other monoamines directly involved in motor aspects such as NA and DA in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex during the postictal process.
Perspectiva tecnológica de la práctica contable. Ontología y episteme de la contabilidad de gestión
Authors: Pérez-Grau Samuel Leonidas
Published: October 2019

Este estudio pretende establecer una fundamentación ontológica y epistemológica que confiera a la Contabilidad de Gestión “razón de ser” como una tecnología científica contable unificadora de diversos elementos del ejercicio profesional contable. La existencia de diversas líneas tecnológicas como contabilidad administrativa, contabilidad de costos o contabilidad analítica, a veces cambian la visión de la ciencia de la contabilidad dando a entender que éstas fuesen ápice de una disciplina diferente. Este trabajo es fruto de una reflexión teórica sustentada en diversas elaboraciones sobre contabilidad de gestión y en diferentes documentos bibliográficos relacionados con declaraciones de principios y marcos conceptuales que preparan organizaciones gremiales internacionales de contadores de gestión. Entre los hallazgos más importantes se destaca que la contabilidad de gestión es una auténtica praxis social con gran potencial de méritos para posicionarse como tecnología contable.
Diagnostic utility of fine needle aspiration cytology in salivary gland lesions: a teaching institutional experience
Authors: Shetty Shilpa M. , K. N. Kusuma
Published: October 2019

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is being widely used for pre-operative diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. It is a simple, cost effective and safe procedure that provides valuable information for planning appropriate management. The aim was to study cytohistopathological correlation of salivary gland lesions; to examine sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary gland lesions.Methods: A 4 year 8 months study was conducted from January 2015 to August 2019. Salivary gland lesion FNAC performed in the Department of Pathology, SIMS, Shimoga who were followed up with corresponding biopsy specimen were included in the study.Results: Total of 42 cases was included in the study. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest lesion encountered. The overall sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value was 50%, 97.22%, 90.47%, 75% and 92.10%. Diagnostic pit falls occurred because of sampling error and overlapping morphological features.Conclusions: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) though poses diagnostic dilemma in some cases, it still forms an easy and less invasive procedure that can assess therapeutic management of salivary gland lesions.
Outcome of cerebral contusion in mild traumatic head injury patients
Authors: Hedawoo Jagadish B. , Soni Maheshkumar S.
Published: October 2019

Background: Mild traumatic head injury is classified as one with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score between 13 and 15. The aim of the study was to find underlying cause of deterioration of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its association with other factors like bony injury.Methods: A prospective observational study at a tertiary centre with patients admitted for mild TBI with GCS 13-15 were followed up in ward and reviewed after every 6 hours interval, those who deteriorated repeat computed tomography (CT) scan was done for further diagnosis and intervention.Results: Determining the level of deterioration after 24 hours observation following mild TBI, 268 (63.4%) of the admitted patients were discharged home after 24 hours of observation, 89 (20.7%) needed more observation while 63 (14.8%) deteriorated and 3 (0.7%) died. As the GCS on admission was decreasing; deterioration increased i.e., 12.7%, 16.7% and 33.3% for GCS of 15, 14 and 13 respectively. Likewise, as the GCS increased, recovery improved. Subdural haematoma (39.7%) was the leading cause of deterioration while (13.8%) despite their deterioration, CT brain did not reveal any abnormality.Conclusions: Patients presenting with mild TBI (i.e., GCS- 13-15) secondary to high velocity/energy trauma i.e., road traffic accidents have to be carefully observed for at least 24-48 hours post-trauma as the chances for neurological deterioration are significant especially in polytrauma patients. The most cause for deterioration is subdural haemorrhage among others, has to be investigated so appropriate management for the same can be instituted as soon as possible.
A comparative study of hemodynamic changes and adverse effects of intrathecal bupivacaine with fentanyl and intrathecal bupivacaine with clonidine in infra-umbilical abdominal and lower limb surgery
Authors: Prasad G. V. Krishna , Sharma Vipin Jaishree
Published: October 2019

Background: Adjuvants prolong the action of intrathecal local anesthetic agents. They have shown to have significant analgesic effects in the postoperative period much after the regression of the sensory and motor blockade. Our objective of the current study was to compared the hemodynamic profile and adverse effects (nausea, pruritus, sedation and respiratory depression) in two groups of adult patients undergoing infra-umbilical and lower limb surgery under spinal anaesthesia using either intrathecal clonidine or intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine (0.5% heavy).Methods: This randomized, prospective and observational study was undertaken in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, 5 Airforce Hospital, Kanpur from the period of January 2014 to February 2016 on 120 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Study patients were randomly allocated to the two groups Group I: Cases who received intrathecal 0.5% heavy bupivacaine (2.5 ml) + fentanyl (50 mcg/ml) (0.5 ml) (n=60 patients) and Group II: cases who received intrathecal 0.5% heavy bupivacaine (2.5 ml) + clonidine (60 mcg/ml) (0.5 ml) (n=60 patients).Results: Mean age of patients in Group I and Group II was 42.60±5.93 and 42.03±7.16 years, respectively. Mean BMI of patients in Group I and Group II was 22.0±1.92 and 21.54±2.14 kg/m2, respectively. Comparison of baseline hemodynamic parameters (heart rate (bpm), mean arterial pressure (mmhg), respiratory rate (/min) and oxygen saturation (%) did not show a significant difference between two groups.Conclusions: With respect to the side effects like nausea and pruritus, these are significantly more in fentanyl group as compared to clonidine group.
An uncommon vascular swelling in a child: post traumatic pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Sarma Vivek Parameswara
Published: October 2019

Pseudo aneurysms of the superficial temporal artery (STA) are very rare (less than 1% of aneurysms), and usually occur after blunt head injury. It usually presents as a slow growing, pulsatile mass in the temporal area. Other symptoms that may occur are headache, ear pain, facial palsy or haemorrhage. Arteriography is the diagnostic investigation and computed tomography angiography will exclude other conditions such as arteriovenous malformation and fistula and confirm the diagnosis. Surgery with ligation of the proximal and the distal parts of the vessel and resection of the aneurysm is the treatment of choice. We report the case of a 10-year-old child, with a pseudo aneurysm of the STA secondary to trauma, who underwent surgical resection of the lesion with good outcome.
Carcinoma breast presenting as a metastatic Kruckenberg tumor
Authors: S. G. Balamurugan , Fanny A. Giles , A. N. Lesin Kumar
Published: October 2019

Kruckenberg tumor is metastatic ovarian malignancy from primary gastrointestinal tract (GIT) or breast malignancy. Diffuse gastric carcinoma (linitis plastica) used to be the most common but lately there have been an increase in breast origin. It is usually found on carcinoma breast patients when we are evaluating for any metastasis. It is rare to find patients presenting with symptoms pertaining to metastasis, but not impossible. We are presenting such a rare case, where a patient presented with Kruckenberg tumor, which later was found to be a case of carcinoma breast. The prognosis of such patients are poor.
Removal of 6 months old 9 cm long wooden foreign body from forearm of 40 year old male: a case report
Authors: Vaghani Sanjay G. , Juneja Mansi J. , Katwala Priyank K.
Published: October 2019

Injuries to hand are common at work. Most of them are noticeable and can be managed. Complete foreign body removal depends on location and mechanism of injury. There are few reports of accidental injury by foreign body followed by delayed retrival of foreign body. We report this case of delayed removal of foreign body after 6 months hoping to expand the literature and to provide insight to prevent septic complications by early prompt detection and removal of foreign bodies.
Enterocutaneous fistula secondary to mesh erosion of bowel: a late complication of polypropylene mesh use in ventral hernia repair
Authors: Saxena Kartik , Saini Rijul
Published: October 2019

Use of mesh for reinforcing hernia defects has become standard procedure but it is associated with a few serious complications like bowel erosion and fistula formation. We present a case of a 62 yrs lady with enterocutaneous fistula due to mesh erosion of small bowel, 10 yrs after open incisional hernia repair using polypropylene mesh who had to undergo laparotomy and resection of eroded bowel. A brief review of literature revealed that very few case reports of such fistulas following open incional hernioplasty have been reported and that current research on improving the properties of mesh may reduce such complications in future.
Traumatic dislocation of the testis
Authors: Mahapatra Bibekananda , Deolekar Sandesh , Singhal Pragati , Khan Nida , Kumar Manish , Singh Shashwat
Published: October 2019

Traumatic dislocation of testis is an uncommon condition and usually occurs after direct impact on the scrotum. The diagnosis may be overlooked because of associated major injuries or due to lack of awareness of its possible occurrence. We report a case of traumatic displacement of testis in a young man presented to the emergency following polytrauma. The patient underwent a successful surgical exploration without loss of testicular function. A high index of suspicion is therefore necessary to diagnose traumatic testicular displacement.
Gigantic kidney tumour presenting with weight gain
Authors: Chandhirasekar Balaji , Neogi Sushanto , Vats Manu , Pandey Vineet Kumar
Published: October 2019

A 61 years obese gentleman presented early with gain of weight and lump in the left side of abdomen for 15 days. On contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of abdomen, a giant renal mass arising from left kidney. Patient underwent open nephrectomy, surgically removed en bloc of 12.5 kg weight largest renal mass. Histopathology showed papillary renal cell carcinoma. The postoperative period was uneventful.
Giant prostatic utricle with reflux mimicking ureteric diverticulum in the setting of a penoscrotal hypospadias: a rare case report
Authors: Kumar Amit , . Rashi , Sinha Amit Kumar , Kumar Bindey , . Sambedna
Published: October 2019

Prostatic utricle may present as big cystic mass and may mimic ureteral diverticulum. A giant prostatic utricle may be asymptomatic with proximal hypospadias with undescended testis. We are describing a case which was operated twice for hypospadias and then came to us with recurrent penoscrotal hypospadias. On workup giant prostatic utricle was diagnosed and managed.
Caecal duplication cyst: rare case report with review of literature
Authors: J. Muthukumaran , V. Udhayasankar
Published: October 2019

Duplication cysts of the alimentary tract are very rare congenital anomaly. Out of all these cases, two-thirds of them manifest before the age of 2 years. They are common in ileum, but very rare in cecum. We hereby report a case of 6 years female child presented in paediatric surgery department with abdominal pain, diagnosed as duplication cyst with intussusceptions.
Neck circumference as a risk indicator for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Arumugam Balaji , R. Aadarshna , E. Suganya
Published: October 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome due to insulin deficiency, characterized by hyperglycaemia. Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) is the most commonly used one to determine the risk status. However there is lot of inconvenience and possible errors in measuring the waist circumference to determine the IDRS, hence the study was planned to evaluate if neck circumference could replace waist circumference in determining the diabetes risk.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 300 study participants fulfilling the eligible criteria. Socio-demographic variables, parameters required for determining the IDRS was assessed, in addition, neck circumference (NC) was measured using standard protocol. Another risk score was calculated by replacing waist circumference (WC) with neck circumference and scoring was named as IDRS-NC. Pearson correlation and Wilcoxan sign rank test was done to find out the relationship between WC and NC and also to determine if IDRS-NC could replace IDRS.Results: Out of 300 study population, majority of the participants are in the age group of <35 years 129 (43%) and around 2/3rd of the participants were females. Among the study participants proportion of participants belonging to low risk, medium risk and high risk assessed using IDRS and IDRS-NC was 18.7%, 41%, 40.3% and 31.7%, 38%, 30.3% respectively. There was a strong positive correlation (r=0.837) between the neck circumference and waist circumference. Wilcoxan sign rank test was significant between the 2 scores having a p value of <0.05.Conclusions: In our study there was a positive correlation between neck circumference and waist circumference.
A clinical study on precancerous lesions of oral cavity in patients attending dental hospital, Telangana
Authors: Hanumakonda Soundarya , Swetha Marri , Bhashitha Mallela , Mudigonda Harsha
Published: October 2019

Background: Aim of the retrospective study is to determine the type and frequency of the precancerous lesions of the oral cavity and to assess their sex, age distribution among the patients.Methods: Study was conducted based on year-wise data collected during 2015 to 2018 of all the patients with precancerous lesions of oral cavity.Results: The total number of patients was 1247, out of which 803 (64.39%) were males and 444 (35.60%) were females. Most common precancerous lesion is oral submucous fibrosis (70.24%) followed by oral lichen planus (19.08%), leukoplakia (8.98%), erythroplakia (1.68%).Conclusions: We observed marked geographical variation in the incidences of various precancerous lesions. Mostly males are affected by precancerous lesions than females.
Sputum smear conversion rate of adult pulmonary tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment shortcourse in Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore
Authors: Basavaraju Vidya , Bukanakere Chetan Lakshmikantha , Nagaraj Damayanthi M. , Manjunatha Shashikala
Published: October 2019

Background: Tuberculosis is among the most important causes of death from a single infectious agent and a major public health problem causing an enormous burden of disease and economic impact especially in the developing countries. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common form of tuberculosis causing >85% of all tuberculosis cases. The smear conversion rate is an operational indicator for the directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) strategy of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) in India.Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in DMC, RRMCH, in the first two quarters of the year 2013 i.e., from January 1st to June 31st of the year 2013. All 130 adult category I (new) sputum smear positive cases that attended DMC, and registered under RNTCP constituted the sample for the study. Data was collected by interview method by using pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: Majority of the study subjects was >50 years, Hindus, illiterates, belonged to nuclear family from rural area belonged to upper lower socio-economic class. The overall sputum smear conversion rate is 92.4%. Lower sputum smear conversion rate was observed in the following risk factors like the male gender, smoking, diabetes, initial high pre-treatment smear grading and poor drug compliance.Conclusions: The overall sputum conversion rate at the end of two months of intensive phase under (DOTS) chemotherapy in 118 sputum smear positive (cat I) new pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Designated Microscopy and Treatment Centre (DMC) Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital was 92.4%.
A hospital based exploratory study to assess the reasons and timings of seeking abortion services in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai
Authors: Ramkrishna Suradharadhika , Ghurye Nirbha Shirish , Howal Prashant Vilas
Published: October 2019

Background: The adoption of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act has allowed for abortion on the grounds of medical and social reasons since 1972.The aim of the present study is to establish the demographic of women seeking abortion care services and to determine the role of different factors in the timing of seeking an abortion.Methods: A retrospective hospital record-based study was carried out among pregnant women seeking an MTP in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. The records of women seeking MTP over a 5-year period from January 2012 to December 2016 were accessed and data pertaining to their demographic and obstetric history was recorded. Statistical tests of significance and analysis were done.Results: A total of 803 women underwent an MTP from January 2012 to December 2016. The number of deliveries during the same time period was 13735. The most common age group was 25-30 years. Stratification in terms of the educational backgrounds showed that 45.7% had received only secondary school education while 12.7% had no schooling. Majority of the women (74.8%) availed an MTP in the first trimester, out of which, most of them (36.9%) had 2 previous pregnancies. Most women coming in the second trimester (43.6%) hadn’t conceived before.Conclusions: Education didn’t seem to be a significant factor in determining the timing of seeking an MTP. School education did not necessarily include exposure to sexual education. Experience in terms of parity was more relevant in identifying signs of pregnancy and seeking appropriate services in a timely manner.
Breast cancer screening: knowledge and practices among women employees of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dyavarishetty Padmavathi V. , Mistry Megha S.
Published: October 2019

Background: Women employees, despite working in hospital do not undergo regular breast cancer screening due to poor awareness about the disease and the importance of undergoing regular breast cancer screening. The objectives of the study were to assess knowledge related to breast cancer disease, proportion of women ever screened for breast cancer and proportion of women with one or more risk factors for breast cancer.Methods: Observational descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted to interview 88 women employees of a tertiary health care institute in Mumbai. A list of women employees other than a nurse or doctor, aged 30 years and above, working in the hospital or medical college was prepared. Women were sequentially approached and interviewed after obtaining an informed consent using a pre-tested, structured interview tool, till the sample size of 88 was reached. Data is presented using descriptive statistics like percentages, mean, standard deviation and standard error of mean.Results: Knowledge score of women was low with regard to symptoms and risk factors of breast cancer but high with regard to modalities of breast cancer screening. Overall proportion of women undergoing regular breast cancer screening by any of the methods (mammography, clinical breast examination or self-breast examination) is very poor. Knowledge levels greatly influenced the practice of breast cancer screening.Conclusions: Creating awareness about the disease and the need to undergo regular screening for breast cancer is required even for hospital employees.
Health seeking behaviour and its determinants among rural population- a cross sectional study in South India
Authors: Kumar Hemant , Kapinakadu Sachidananda , Anil Manjula
Published: October 2019

Background: Remedial action that a person takes to treat his or her perceived illnesses, is called health-seeking behaviour. Understanding health seeking behaviour (HSB) in a community and the factors which influence their decision, are crucial for planning a “need based” comprehensive health care programmes for the people, especially for underprovided and rural population. The objective of present study was to determine HSB and its determinants in a defined rural population.Methods: A community based cross -sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area of A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore (Karnataka) from 1st October 2017 to 31st July 2018. A total of 866 heads of households were included in the study, using universal sampling method. A pre-tested, validated questionnaire was used to collect the data. p values of <0.05 were considered significant.Results: Among 866 participants, almost all (98.03%) heads of families were males, while majority of them (35.68 %) were farmers. Further, majority (48.15%) of the households preferred to visit government hospitals for their ailments, while among those visiting private practitioners, majority of them (55.54%) preferred Allopath system of medicine. Health insurance subscription rates were found to be low (18.93%). Main determinants of HSB were observed to be cost of treatment, convenience of approach, quality of services and life threatening emergencies.Conclusions:Present study brings out higher utilization of government health care facilities among the study subjects, while cost of treatment and life threatening emergencies were the main predictors of HSB.
Determinants of road traffic accidents cases in tertiary care hospital at Ranchi, Jharkhand
Authors: Kujur Manisha , Kiran Asha , Xaxa Anuj Pankaj , Kashyap Vivek
Published: October 2019

Background: Worldwide, road traffic accident (RTA) poses a public health and development challenge and greatly affects the human capital development of every nation. This study aims in providing tangible evidences about determinants of road traffic accident cases at tertiary care center with a good area coverage giving insight into burden of RTA.Methods: This study was cross sectional hospital based study done in Rajendra Institute of Medical Science Ranchi, Jharkhand. Patients coming to emergency department were recorded and followed in ENT, neurosurgery and orthopedics department of RIMS, Ranchi in the period of one month (15th January to 20th Febuary2019).Results: Most of the patients were (59%) among the age group of 19-35 years of which 89.5% of the patients were male. 84.8% of the accident took place while motorcycle was driven. 53.3% of the patients were without license. Majority of the cases were driving between the speed of 30-60 km/hr at the time of accident. Majority of cases were not wearing helmet at time of accident (76%). Majority of accidents took place in state highway (53.3%) (roads connecting major cities of states). 59% of the accident took place at T-type junction. Major factor responsible was unusual behavior of man and animal (19%) and followed by overtaking (18.1%). Majority of the accidents were due to front collision (34.3%).Conclusions: There is a need for encouraging and promoting safe driving behavior among community members by the awareness through road safety campaigns and enforcement of road traffic laws to bring down the burden of RTA.
Quality of life among menopausal women in an urban area of Siliguri, West Bengal, India
Authors: Adhikari Banalata , Biswas Romy
Published: October 2019

Background: Women who lay the foundation of the whole society are most neglected in our society, especially in their mid-life. Physical and psychosocial symptoms among post -menopausal women had a positive relation with the quality of life.Methods: A total of 110 women of an urban area of North Bengal region of West Bengal, India were interviewed with help of schedule to obtain information regarding the personal characteristics and MENQOL tool to assess four domains means on the basis of 29 symptoms.Results: The mean menopausal age was 44.58±3.11 years. The means and standard deviation found in different domains are, vasomotor domain (5.35±2.94), physical domain (27.95±10.25), psychosocial domain (13.81±4.70) and sexual domain (1.99±2.91). In the vasomotor domain, muscles ache, joint ache and low back ache were the common symptoms. In psycho-social domain, 99% of the women suffered from poor memory and 97.2% of them felt depressed or down/blue. In sexual domain, 33.6% were bothered by changes in their sexual desires and avoided intimacy. In physical domain, age category, financial and decision autonomy had significant association. In the sexual domain, age category, literacy status, money and sexuality had a significant difference.Conclusions: Post-menopausal women are vulnerable group for whom appropriate and practical measures should be provided in their post-menopausal age in order to have a contented and pleasant life till they die.
Study of socio-demographic determinants and body mass index of female class IV employees (Aayas and Mehatranis) at a municipal tertiary care teaching hospital in Mumbai, India
Authors: Gawari Bhagyashri D. , Lavangare Sujata R. , Velhal Gajanan D.
Published: October 2019

Background: Health care professionals (including class IV employees) are the most ignorant as far as their own health is concerned. Problems encountered at the workplace affect not only a worker’s health but also adversely affects the workplace environment. Today is an era of women who have diverse role to play in the society and often they handle multiple tasks simultaneously. They are therefore prone to suffer from work related diseases, which are further complicated by various social (responsibilities at home), psychological and physiological (e.g., pregnancy) issues.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 287 female class IV employees of municipal tertiary care teaching hospital in Mumbai during the period of April 2017 to December 2018. A semi-structured interview schedule was prepared comprising of socio-demographic determinants and BMI. Data was entered in MS Excel sheet and were analyzed in the form of percentage and proportions whenever necessary.Results: Out of total 287 participants, 101 (35.2%) belonged to age group of 41-50 years, more than half 168 (58.5%) were widows and majority 231 (80.5%) were Hindu by religion, 124 (43.2%) belonged to upper middle class, 158 (55.0%) belonged to a nuclear family and 44 (15.3%) had to travel more than 60 kms daily to reach at workplace.Conclusions: Study concluded that 35.2% participants were 41-50 years age group and 80.5% were Hindu by religion and 43.2% belonged to the upper middle class. Only 2.1% respondents had completed their graduation. More than half i.e. 55.1% of the participants were having normal body mass index and 10.5% were obese.
Evolution of the fan casing treatment design of the counter rotating turbofan with the purpose of increasing its acoustic performance
Authors: Pochkin Yaroslav Sergeevich , Khaletskiy Yuriy Daniilovich , Mileshin Viktor Ivanovich
Published: October 2019

The results of an experimental study of the effects of several slot type casing treatment (STCT) configurations on ducted counter rotating fan model (DCRF) noise are given in present work. The casing treatment design parameters such as lattice duty cycle and the cavity height were varied. It is shown that the most important parameter is the duty factor of the lattice. The configuration of STCT, which provides the greatest reduction of sum sound power level of the fan model was installed over the second rotor only and had the highest duty factor.
Determination of the frequency characteristics of a magnetorheological elastomers vibration control platform
Authors: Bazinenkov Alexey Mikhailovich , Makeev Ivan Vladimirovich , Rotar` Anastasia Pavlovna , Ivanova Darya Alexandrovna , Mikhailov Valeriy Pavlovich
Published: October 2019

To reduce the effects of external vibration disturbances, various methods of vibration protection are used, including active, semi-active and passive vibration isolation systems. For vibration isolation of modern precision equipment, it is proposed to use a plate-like vibration isolation based on magnetorheological elastomers. Studies of the frequency characteristics of this platform and its management capabilities are necessary to determine the effective modes of operation of the platform. Thanks to the tests on the vibration electrodynamic installation, the dependence of the coefficient of transfer of the amplitude of vibration displacement on the oscillation frequency at different currents was obtained and showed that the effective range of vibration isolation is from 38 to 100 Hz.
Mechatronic test rig with electromagnetic loading for high-speed rotor-bearing systems research
Authors: Sytin Anton Valerievich , Rodichev Alexey Yurievich
Published: October 2019

The present paper considers a mechatronic test rig with electromagnetic loading for high-speed rotor-bearing systems research that consists of the following elements: a gas-dynamic foil bearing, a measuring system, electromagnetic actuators and a control system. Development of a mechatronic test rig involves development of a structural and functional diagram and a layout of a measuring and a control system. The present design allows active control of rotor trajectories that depend on deformation of the elastic elements and timely influence of the control system on the controlled object - a hollow rotor rotating on gas-dynamic foil bearings. The rig also features a universal measuring and control system.
Experimental investigation of the thermoacoustic traveling-wave engine
Authors: Zinovyev Evgeniy Aleksandrovich , Vorotnikov Gennadiy Viktorovich , Kharitonov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Lysenkov Vladimir Vasilievich
Published: October 2019

Thermoacoustic engines are devices with external heat input, in which thermal energy is converted into energy of acoustic oscillations. Their main advantages include high energy conversion efficiency (up to 35%), minimal number of moving parts, high reliability, absence of contact seals and operation from a variety of heat sources (hydrocarbon fuels, thermal emissions, nuclear sources, solar radiation, etc.). The main goal of this work is to develop, manufacture and carry out the experimental investigations of the thermoacoustic traveling wave engine with a maximum heat input from the electric heating element up to 1000 W. The thermoacoustic engine includes an inertance tube, three heat exchangers, a regenerator, a thermal buffer tube and an acoustic resonator. Helium acts as the working fluid in the engine at an average pressure of 1.0 to 3.0 MPa. The frequency of acoustic oscillations on the steady-state operating mode of the engine is 96-98 Hz. The regenerator is made in the form of a package of metal screens and is the main element of the engine, in which thermoacoustic energy conversion is carried out. In experimental research the following tasks were solved: - determination of the optimal conditions for the excitation of acoustic oscillations in the internal contour of the thermoacoustic engine; - determination of the minimum onset temperature at which acoustic oscillation are excited; - determination of the dependences of the onset temperature, the frequency and the amplitude of acoustic oscillations from the input thermal power; - determination of the efficiency of the rmoacoustic energy conversion; In experimental studies, an optimal mean helium pressure is determined, which ensures the minimum heat exchanger temperature 436 К (163 C) required to start the engine. The maximum value of the acoustic power generated by the regenerator was 90 W. At the same time, the efficiency of conversion of thermal energy into acoustic energy reached 22.5% at a heat exchanger-heater temperature of 317 C. Also during the tests, it was possible to establish the dependences of the onset temperature, the frequency of acoustic oscillations and the amplitude of the acoustic pressure on the supplied thermal power. This type of engine described in this paper can be used in many practical applications.
The experience of use of cavitation for washing of parts
Authors: Gromakovsky Dmitriy Grigor`evich , Shigin Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: October 2019

In the presented article, the experience of the Samara State Technical University on the use of low-frequency cavitation in the technology of washing machine parts and devices is considered.Based on the results of research conducted by STC "Reliability" of SamSTU, low-frequency cavitation washing plants and technologies have been developed and tested at enterprises with the use of industrial water without heating and detergents as a washing liquid: installation at JSC "Aviaagregat" for cleaning aluminum pipes of the chassis of aircraft when immersed in a cavitating liquid; installation for washing the packages of filter elements of oil systems of gas turbine aircraft engines; installations for jet-cavitation washing of products of complex shape and large dimensions - carrier rocket tanks at JSC "RCC" Progress ", large-sized axle box bearings of railway cars at JSC "Samara Bearing Plant" and in the wagon depots of Kinel and Samara stations of the Kuibyshev Railway, etc. without making constructive changes and reconfiguring their staffing scheme.Developments have shown that washing parts with low-frequency cavitation is not only more productive than other known methods of washing, but also allows cleaning parts of a complex configuration with internal cavities and blind channels, successfully removing solid abrasive particles, carved in the surface of parts during grinding, etc.The low-frequency cavitation units for cleaning parts by immersion in washing liquid and jet washing, presented in the article, provide a high level of quality and washing performance at a relatively low cost, which is confirmed by their industrial approbation.
Various flow channel constructive elements effect on vibroacoustic characteristics of electrohydraulic control devices
Authors: Berestovitskij Erlen , Gladilin Yuri , Solovyev Michael
Published: October 2019

In this article author discuss investigation of control valve flow channel with regulating element equipped with meshed screens set on it. The issue provides engineers and scientist with the results of a series of experiments without using of flow noise muffler at the control system scheme.The main idea is to obtain technical information on how to exclude the flow noise muffler from the control system's scheme. Such kind of knowledge is considered to be necessary for the following application in the feed water flow control systems meeting modern and next generation requirements of regulatory documents on vibration and flow noise characteristics.It is discussed the research of the feed water control valve at the test bench mostly. There were designed a several types of scheme for flow channel construction with different meshed screens and they arrangements into it, flow restriction circuits, cartridge constructions etc. It was chosen the two-step pressure reducing scheme of flow channel after the theoretical analysis, which then was produced and fitted with meshed screens at both steps.It is said in the article that the results of discovery bring out the useless of perforated rubber elements implementation into the flow channel construction. They do not make any effect on the acoustic field of control valve. Besides, application of elastic elements makes difficulties for the manufacturing of flow channel and considered as low reliable.The issue provides reader with the information on flow noise level and its excess over the established level by the control valve under study. It is shown how to refine the flow channel construction with regulating element up to the modern and next generation requirements. Also, the proposal of how to exclude flow noise muffler from the schemes of control systems are listed.
Researches of processes of generation of sound waves by film thermophones
Authors: Vasilev Boris , Legusha Fedor , Razrezova Kseniya
Published: October 2019

This work is of a survey nature based on the results of studies of the processes of sound emission in gases and liquids by thermo-acoustic film sources - thermophones. The purpose of the article is to show the features of the calculation, operation and determination of the main acoustic characteristics of thermophones, ways to increase the efficiency of their radiation and directions of possible practical application.The basic relations and formulas are presented, the calculation of which is confirmed by the experimental results carried out, analyzed ways to excite and improve the effectiveness of thermophones.Film thermophones of various shapes without a thermally insulating substrate have uniform, reproducible acoustic characteristics, which can be predicted by calculation, knowing the thermal-physical constants of the materials used for the construction of thermophones. As the active elements of guns are used for a thin film formed by the vacuum deposition of metals on surfaces of bearing plates made of polymer materials. When passing through the active element of an alternating electric current with a frequency f, an acoustic wave is emitted at a doubled frequency of 2f. Film thermophone are the only sources of sound emitting surface which meets the definition of a piston radiator. Thermopane work in the frequency range from 1.0 to 150 kHz.A promising direction of research is the use of thermophones as sources of radiation of sound in a liquid medium. The results of a study of the radiation of a film thermophone in two liquids (distilled water and kerosene) are presented. Compared to radiation to air, radiation to kerosene, for example, is about 20 dB higher.
The influence of schlichting vortices on the absorption of sound by a solid surface
Authors: Legusha Fedor , Chizhov Georgy
Published: October 2019

The aim of this work is to study the mechanisms of acoustic energy dissipation due to the physical processes occurring in the acoustic boundary layer (APS), which occurs when the standing sound wave interacts with a solid surface. Unlike laminar APS in this case, in the wall layer of the medium, in addition to inhomogeneous viscous and thermal waves, acoustic Schlichting flows occur. Vortices can exist only due to the energy taken from the standing sound wave in consequence of which an additional mechanism of energy dissipation appears in the APS. A cylindrical tube with rigid walls, the ends of which are closed by impedance lids, was chosen as the object of research. When the longitudinal half-wave resonances are excited in the pipe, standing waves are excited in the pipe, formed due to the interaction of the normal zero-order sound waves running towards each other