bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brown spiders (Loxosceles) are taking hold in Pernambuco, Brazil: a case series, 2018-2022
Authors: Amorim Maria Lucineide Porto , Simão Diógenes Gayo de Oliveira , Albuquerque João Paulo Vieira e Silva de , Ramos Beatriz Maria Tenório , Nascimento Gustavo José Lopes do , Mello Maria Júlia Gonçalves de
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To describe accidents involving brown spider (genus Loxosceles) bites notified by the Pernambuco Poison Information and Care Center (CIATox-PE), Brazil, from January 2018 to December 2022. Methods This was a case series study of brown spider bites notified by the CIATox-PE. Results The study included 22 cases with median age of 35 years, the majority being female (13); the cases occurred in rural and urban areas (12 versus 10), at night (10); Petrolina was the municipality with the highest number of notifications (6); spider bites occurred mainly in the lower (11) and upper (9) limbs, almost exclusively inside households (21); specific serum therapy was not indicated for 8 cases because the time for its effectiveness had already elapsed. Conclusion Loxoscelism cases occurred more frequently in females, in both rural and urban areas and mainly at home, with delays in seeking medical care.
The problem of envy in ideal and nonideal theory
Authors: Oliveira Mariana Kuhn de
Published: January 2024

In recent years, scholars have explored the potential of John Rawls’s concept of excusable envy as a source of motivation for building fairer societies. However, I argue that these scholars overlook Rawls’s conceptual account of envy and the distinction between ideal and nonideal theory in A Theory of Justice. Consequently, they unintentionally rely on a thesis that Rawls aimed to distance his theory from: the notion that equality is a product of envy. Additionally, I engage with critics of Rawls who claim that his treatment of the problem of envy is inadequate. They assert that the least advantaged individuals often assess their societal position based on merit rather than legitimate expectations, which can lead to envy and destabilize a well-ordered society. I assert that while this criticism cannot impact Rawls’s ideal theory, it offers an unintended contribution to nonideal theory. To enrich this perspective, I briefly consider the psychology not only of the least advantaged but also of the most advantaged members of society. By delving into this matter, I aim to illuminate the ongoing theoretical debate and provide insights into the ways we can transition to a more just society.
EDUCAÇÃO BASEADA EM COMPETÊNCIAS E AUTOEFICÁCIA ACADÊMICA NA SAÚDE: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA COM METANÁLISE
Authors: Bressa Rebeca Carvalho , Bressa José Antonio Nascimento , Fluminhan Carmem Silvia Lima , Murgo Camélia Santina
Published: January 2024

Avaliar com análise lexicográfica e metanálise as evidências científicas existentes, em estudos quantitativos, sobre as relações da autoeficácia acadêmica e a educação baseada em competências nas ciências da Saúde. As buscas foram realizadas em quatro bases de dados: Public Medline or Publisher Medline National Library of Medicine (PubMed); Education Resources Information Center (ERIC); American Psychological Association PsycNet Advanced Search (APA PsycNet) e a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) com abrangência para a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e a Literatura LatinoAmericana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). O risco de viés avaliado por dois instrumentos Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), específicos para avaliação de estudos analíticos transversais (total = 6) ou quase-experimentais (total =13). Incluídos 19 artigos, com concordância de seleção pelos juízes considerada perfeita pelo Kappa de Cohen (k = 0,837, p < 0,001). A seleção total determinou 3938 participantes, predominantemente estudantes universitários dos cursos de enfermagem 50%, fisioterapia 19,2%, medicina 15,4% e outros 15,4%. A metanálise foi realizada com estudos (total = 9) que apresentavam técnica estatística do tipo contínuo para comparação, presença de média e desvio-padrão e organizados em três diferentes grupos, sendo eles, “intervenção versus controle” (n=3), “intervenção versus tradicional” (n=2) e o “grupo de avaliação pré e pós-intervenção” (n=4). Considerando apenas os estudos do grupo de avaliação, verificou-se tamanho de efeito grande na autoeficácia dos estudantes após as intervenções baseadas em competências. Os trabalhos transversais observacionais confirmaram mensuração adequada da autoeficácia acadêmica nas atividades propostas após aplicação e validação das escalas.
Explorando áreas no Ensino Superior: Uma prática educativa de Resolução de Problemas
Authors: Bertotti Junior Vilmar Ibanor , Possamai Janaína Poffo
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar implicações da metodologia de Ensino-Aprendizagem-Avaliação de Matemática através da Resolução de Problemas para o enfoque, em aulas de Cálculo Numérico, na generalização da fórmula da área de trapézios a partir dos conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes. Para tanto, inicialmente discute-se a abordagem de ensino através da resolução de problemas e a metodologia indicada nesta pesquisa, caracterizando-se, quanto à natureza, como aplicada; em relação à abordagem do problema, como qualitativa; e no que diz respeito aos procedimentos, como investigação-ação. Também se apresentam o contexto e a organização da prática educativa, bem como o relato e a análise do problema desenvolvido. A aplicação aconteceu por meio de aulas remotas, via videoconferência, o que possibilitou que a coleta de dados envolvesse gravações de vídeo, além de serem utilizados os registros dos acadêmicos e diário de campo do pesquisador para a consolidação da pesquisa. Os resultados indicam que a metodologia permitiu o desenvolvimento da autonomia, do raciocínio e da argumentação dos estudantes durante a prática educativa realizada.
THE EFFECT OF CORRUGATION ON HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROP IN A SOLAR AIR HEATER: A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Raheem Aneeq , Siddique Waseem , Warraich Sohaib A. , Waheed Khalid , Haq Inam ul , Raheem Muhammad Tabish , Yaseen Muhammad Muneeb
Published: January 2024

Solar is a green source of energy. The foremost objective is the efficient heating of air by enhancing the thermal efficiency of solar air heaters. Even a small enhancement in the efficiency will increase its life, power output and reduce its operating cost. In the current study, a double-pass, trapezoidal cross-sectioned channel with four different arrangements of corrugations at the bottom and trailing walls of the outlet pass is numerically investigated at the Re number equal to 9400. Corrugations are of trapezoidal shape having the pitch-to-height ratio (p/e) equal to 4. Four different arrangements of trapezoidal corrugation at the bottom wall and the trailing wall of the outlet pass is investigated. When compared to a smooth trapezoidal channel, it turns out that an inline arrangement of corrugation enhances heat transfer by 33% while increases the friction factor by up to 27%. Also, compared to a staggered ribbed trapezoidal channel, inline corrugation patterns improve heat transfer by 7% and reduce friction by up to 16%. Corrugation is a better alternative to ribs. Inline and staggered arrangements give similar enhancement in the thermal performance factor. As the space for passive cooling ducts in solar air heaters is limited therefore concerns regarding fabrication and less mechanical strength arise. So an inline arrangement is selected as the optimum one. At the outlet pass, the thermal performance factor of 1.1 was achieved for the best configuration. The effect of increasing Reynolds number in the trapezoidal corrugated channel shows an increasing trend in Nu/Nuo, pressure drop, and thermal performance factor.
Complications Following Intraosseous Injections of Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement in Subchondroplasty
Authors: Zachariadis Christos B. , Leligou Helen C. , Kourkoulis Stauros K. , Magnisalis Evaggelos , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. , Savvidou Olga D.
Published: January 2024

An alternative approach to the major problem of osteoarthritis that has begun to pique the interest of researchers focuses on the pathology of the subchondral bone, its constant cross-talk with the articular cartilage, and its interaction with the joint. The presence of bone marrow lesions, detectable on MRI scans, has proven to be a cause of pain as well as a predictor of the progression of degenerative changes. Subchondroplasty is a relatively new surgical procedure for the treatment of these lesions, in which injectable calcium phosphate bone cement is infused into the affected area percutaneously, under fluoroscopic guidance. In its use as a synthetic scaffold, calcium phosphate bone cement exhibits considerable osteoconductivity, bioabsorbability, and low toxicity, thus showing great potential for restoring subchondral biomechanical properties through structural remodeling. Although published results appear quite promising, there are certain complications that the surgeon should be aware of. We reviewed the published data regarding complications of the procedure, highlighting possible causes according to these data, and suggesting safety measures. Avascular necrosis of the talus is the most reported concern. Postsurgical pain, infection, and continuous wound drainage due to bone substitute material extravasation to the joint or soft tissue are also mentioned, necessitating further standardization of the procedure. There are no reports of permanent postoperative disability or fatal outcomes.
La referencia circulante en odontología: reflexiones sobre la relación entre las palabras y las cosas
Authors:   Institución  Universitaria  Visión  de  las  Américas, Daza Cardona Jorge Alexander , Zárate Arbeláez Heiller ,   Universidad El Bosque, Vargas Ramírez Juliana
Published: January 2024

Este artículo analiza el problema epistemológico de la relación entre las palabras y las cosas en odontología. Específicamente, se utiliza el concepto de referencia circulante para mostrar cómo en la consulta odontológica se articulan artefactos, prácticas y materialidades para producir un diagnóstico. El concepto de referencia circulante fue propuesto por Bruno Latour, quien arguye que las palabras y las cosas no están ligadas de forma natural en una relación de correspondencia, sino que se requiere un trabajo constante en el que se enlazan múltiples elementos para producir la realidad. Para dar cuenta de esto, este autor se adentró en la controversia sostenida por un grupo de científicos que estudiaba el límite entre la selva y la sabana en la amazonía brasilera, quienes implementaron diferentes estrategias para transformar las especies vegetales y la tierra en números, etiquetas e informes de investigación. Este caso sirve como modelo para estudiar la consulta odontológica, en la que llega un paciente con una dolencia bucal y, por medio de diferentes procedimientos, como el diligencia-miento de los datos de identificación, el motivo de consulta y el odontograma, se transforma en un diagnóstico.
Análisis odontométrico en dentición permanente de mestizos caucasoides de Popayán, Colombia, 2020
Authors:   Universidad  del  Valle, Gutiérrez Bruno , Parra Chris Dahiana , Rivera Karen Daniela , Moreno-Gómez Freddy
Published: January 2024

El estudio odontométrico contribuye a la determinación del patrón étnico y estimación del sexo en identifi-cación forense, además de la determinación antropológica del patrón étnico de poblaciones para establecer su origen, formación, aislamiento, desplazamiento y contacto. Un análisis odontométrico fue llevado a cabo en dentición permanente de mestizos caucasoides de Popayán, Colombia; evaluando la simetría bilateral, dimorfismo sexual, distancia biológica y el módulo coronal. Se determinaron los diámetros meso-distal y vestíbulo-lingual de dientes permanentes en 72 modelos de yeso. Se empleó la prueba de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney para determinar el dimorfismo sexual y simetría bilateral (p<0,05) y la distancia euclídea al cuadrado para obtener las distancias biológicas. De acuerdo con el diámetro meso-distal, los dientes permanentes no presentaron dimorfismo sexual con la excepción del canino inferior derecho (p=0,009) e izquierdo (p=0,046) y del primer molar inferior derecho (p=0,014) e izquierdo (p=0,012), siendo mayor en hombres. Lo mismo ocurrió con el diámetro vestíbulo-lingual, con la excepción canino inferior izquierdo (p=0,028), con un mayor tamaño en mujeres. En todos los dientes y en ambos diámetros hubo simetría bilateral. Los hombres presentaron mayores diámetros meso-distales en caninos y molares inferiores.
Evaluación numérica de viviendas ecoamigables conformadas por botellas de plástico rellenas de arena y reforzadas con acero corrugado
Authors:   Universidad Santo Tomás, Solarte Benavides Alexander , Silva Ribón Hugo Alfredo ,   Universidad Santo Tomás, Nova Burgos Elías Daniel David
Published: January 2024

Este artículo presenta una evaluación experimental de cargas en casas ecoamigables hechas con botellas de plástico (pet) rellenas con arena y reforzadas con acero corrugado, en marco del proyecto “Diseño y mode-lación de muros formados por botellas de tereftalato de polietileno rellenas de arena y reforzadas con acero corrugado”, desarrollado en la Universidad Santo Tomás, Villavicencio – Colombia, en el año 2022. Introducción: el pet es un material pobremente biodegradable que se ha tornado un problema de contamina-ción medioambiental. Los sistemas de construcciones alternativas con botellas pet recicladas pueden suplir funciones de construcción, tomando ventaja de sus características mecánicas; también ayudan a reducir la contaminación medioambiental a través del reciclaje y reducen costos de construcción. Metodología: las botellas fueron colocadas verticalmente y no horizontalmente como se hace generalmente, además, fueron reforzadas con acero corrugado para proveer estabilidad lateral al sistema propuesto. Para evaluar el sistema frente a diferentes escenarios de carga, se realizó una caracterización de las propiedades mecánicas de los elementos propuestos y se construyó un modelo de elementos finitos con el objetivo de representar una aproximación del comportamiento real de la casa que cumple los requerimientos de la nsr-10.Resultados: se determinó que la estructura soportará las cargas impuestas, presentando un ise de 0,8 para muros de carga y esta no presentará deformaciones excesivas de acuerdo a un ifl de 0,9.Conclusiones: debido a que el modelo a escala soportó las cargas verticales, se demuestra que el sistema provee seguridad a sus ocupantes y que el sistema de construcción propuesto genera reducción en los costos.Originalidad: aunque podemos encontrar casas construidas con botellas llenas con arena, estas, generalmente, se construyen con las botellas dispuestas horizontalmente. Este proyecto propone el estudio de casas fabrica-das con botellas configuradas verticalmente, con el fin de reducir su espacio constructivo. Limitaciones: en la práctica la caracterización de los atributos mecánicos del conjunto de materiales es na-turaleza heterogénea, lo cual dificulta la alimentación de dichos atributos en los modelos de simulación. Por esto se propuso evaluar los atributos mecánicos del conjunto de materiales y asumirlos como homogéneos en el modelo.
Joseph H. Jackson, Writing Black Scotland: Race, Nation and the Devolution of Black Britain. Edinburgh University Press, 2020
Authors: Banerjee Rupsa
Published: January 2024

This is a review of Joseph H. Jackson's Writing Black Scotland.
Shadow IT e TI gerenciada pelo negócio: uma análise das percepções sobre os riscos e benefícios em uma organização pública brasileira do setor financeiro
Authors:   Universidade Católica de Brasília, Aragão Renato da Silva , Streit Rosalvo Ermes ,   Universidade Católica de Brasília
Published: January 2024

O advento da computação pessoal transformou a forma como trabalhamos, com a tecnologia da informação (TI) desempenhando um papel fundamental nos negócios. No entanto, o aumento no uso de recursos tecnológicos levou ao fenômeno conhecido como Shadow IT, onde os recursos são usados sem o conhecimento do departamento de TI, o que gera preocupações de segurança. Pesquisas recentes destacam benefícios e riscos associados a esse fenômeno. Esta pesquisa examinou as percepções dos gestores de uma organização pública brasileira do setor financeiro em relação às práticas que podem promover a TI gerenciada pelo negócio.
Do conhecimento tácito ao conhecimento baseado em IA Insights: uma reengenharia em curso?
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Cunha Carlos Rompante
Published: January 2024

Do conhecimento tácito ao conhecimento baseado em IA Insights: uma reengenharia em curso?
Avaliação em ambiente real de utilização de uma plataforma de criação de jornais escolares
Authors:   igiMedia, Departamento de Comunicação e Arte, Universidade de Aveiro, Alves Mariana , Júlio Luísa ,   igiMedia, Departamento de Comunicação e Arte, Universidade de Aveiro, Teixeira Ana ,   igiMedia, Departamento de Comunicação e Arte, Universidade de Aveiro, Silva Telmo ,   igiMedia, Departamento de Comunicação e Arte, Universidade de Aveiro
Published: January 2024

A transição digital abre uma oportunidade para enriquecer o envolvimento e a experiência dos estudantes na criação de conteúdo relevante para a sociedade. Neste contexto, a plataforma TRUE foi desenvolvida para preencher uma lacuna em ferramentas de apoio à criação de jornais escolares digitais que potenciam as competências dos estudantes ao nível da escrita. A plataforma oferece funcionalidades que ajudam os utilizadores a navegar num ambiente integrado, facilitando a escrita de notícias e capacitando os alunos a pensar de forma critica. Este artigo centra-se na avaliação da experiência do utilizador da plataforma TRUE, em ambiente real de utilização. Uma vez que esta plataforma foi desenvolvida utilizando a abordagem metodológica de Design-Based Research, a avaliação aqui descrita permitiu melhorar o produto. Os resultados incluem os dados das rondas, fases e momentos de recolha de dados. A plataforma TRUE foi avaliada com foco na experiência do utilizador e na usabilidade, utilizando a System Usability Scale e o Self-Assessment Manikin.
Análisis comparativo de Técnicas de Machine Learning para la predicción de casos de deserción universitaria
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Tito Anthony Edwin Aco , Condori Bryan Orlando Hancco ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Vera Yasiel Pérez ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa
Published: January 2024

La deserción universitaria afecta negativamente a muchos estudiantes, este suceso puede estar relacionado con problemas personales, cuestiones económicas, entre otros. Ante tal situación surge la importancia de desarrollar una forma de predecir estos casos, para esto se propuso el uso de técnicas de Machine Learning, las utilizadas fueron Regresión Logística, Naive Bayes, Red Neuronal Perceptrón Multicapa, Árbol de Decisión, Support Vector Machine y Random Forest; se seleccionó un Dataset, que pasó por una limpieza de datos, se corrigieron los datos faltantes y los valores atípicos; luego se eliminaron los registros cuya variable de salida era Matriculado, centrándose en los tipos Abandono y Graduado. Cada modelo fue entrenado y probado mediante validación cruzada con pliegues, finalmente, se compararon en función de métricas de precisión, exactitud y exhaustividad, donde se concluyó que la Regresión Logística es la técnica que mejores resultados proporciona para predecir la deserción universitaria en el dataset considerado.
Agente inteligente para la gestión de incidencias
Authors:   acultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Autónoma del Perú, Iparraguirre-Villanueva Orlando , Obregon-Palomino Luz ,   acultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Autónoma del Perú, Pujay-Iglesias Wilson ,   acultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Autónoma del Perú, Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael ,   Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Privada del Norte
Published: January 2024

Un agente inteligente (AI) utiliza la inteligencia artificial (IA) para dialogar con los usuarios; las incidencias son interrupciones que surgen y que impiden a los usuarios hacer uso de las tecnologías de la información (TI); América Latina tiene un 15. 5% de las respuestas a incidencias de clientes. En Europa, cada año las incidencias de seguridad de TI se han visto incrementado desde 2019 en un 41%, las cuales se clasifican como de gravedad Alta y Muy Alta. El propósito de este estudio fue implementar un AI para mejorar la Gestión de Incidencias (GI), reducir el número de incidencias no resueltos, reducir el tiempo de resolución y aumentar la satisfacción de los usuarios. Para lograr este objetivo, se siguió un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño preexperimental; se utilizó cuestionarios para el recojo de datos y, a continuación, todos los datos se sometieron a un análisis estadístico para validar la hipótesis. expertos verificaron la validez de los instrumentos, luego se obtuvo el índice de confiabilidad de los instrumentos utilizados. Además, se utilizó el marco de trabajo Scrum para el desarrollo de la solución inteligente. El logro de la implementación se obtuvo a través de la incorporación de diversas tecnologías como Dialogflow, Webhook, PostgreSQL; finalmente, se obtuvo un AI capaz de atender los incidentes reportados por los usuarios, asignando la tarea de manera automatizada. El desarrollo de este estudio permitió minimizar el número de incidencias no resueltas al día en un 14%; se redujo el tiempo de resolución de incidencias en un 63% y aumentó la satisfacción de los usuarios a "Satisfecho" al 43,3% y a "Muy Satisfecho" al 57,7%. Finalmente, se puede concluir que este trabajo proporciona una importante contribución para futuras implantaciones de diseños o desarrollos relacionados con la automatización de la GI mediante agentes inteligentes.
Effect of lithium on the anodic behavior of AlTi0.1 aluminum conducting alloy in NaCl electrolyte environment
Authors: Ganiev I. N. , Rakhmatulloeva G. M. , Zokirov F. Sh. , Eshov B. B.
Published: January 2024

Aluminum ranks as the fourth most conductive metal, trailing behind silver, copper, and gold in electrical conductivity. Annealed aluminum demonstrates an approximate 62 % conductivity of the International IACS compared to annealed standard copper, which registers 100 % IACS at t = 20 °C. Because to its low specific gravity, aluminum exhibits twice the conductivity per unit mass compared to copper, showcasing its potential economic advantage as a material for conducting electricity. For equal conductivity (in terms of length), an aluminum conductor exhibits a cross-sectional area 60 % larger than that of copper, while weighing only 48 % of copper's mass. However, the widespread use of aluminum as a conductor in electrical engineering is often challenging and sometimes unfeasible due to its inherent low mechanical strength. Enhancing this crucial property is achievable through the addition of dopants. However, this approach tends to elevate mechanical strength at the cost of noticeable reductions in electrical conductivity. This study investigates the impact of lithium addition on the anodic behavior of an A5 aluminum conductor alloy, specifically modified with 0.1 wt.% Ti (AlTi0.1 alloy), within a NaCl electrolyte environment. The experiments were conducted utilizing the potentiostatic method in potentiodynamic mode at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. Results indicate that the introduction of lithium to the AlTi0.1 alloy leads to a shift in the potentials of free corrosion, pitting, and repassivation towards positive values. Additionally, the corrosion rate decreases by 10–20 % with the incorporation of 0.01–0.50 wt.% Li. Moreover, varying concentrations of chloride ions in the NaCl electrolyte prompt fluctuations in the corrosion rate of the alloys and a shift in electrochemical potentials towards the negative range.
Restoration of continuous casting machine mold copper plates made of Cr–Zr bronze using multi-pass friction stir lap welding
Authors: Makarov A. V. , Lezhnin N. V. , Kotelnikov A. B. , Vopneruk A. A. , Korobov Yu. S. , Valiullin A. I. , Volkova E. G.
Published: January 2024

An innovative technology has been developed and implemented for the restoration and manufacturing of new mold copper plates for continuous casting machines (CCMs) using wear-resistant composite coatings. These copper plates significantly surpass the service life of imported copper plates featuring galvanic coatings, sometimes by up to 20 times. However, the pressing challenge of restoring the copper plates of molds once they have reached the minimum permissible thickness remains unresolved. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of restoring a plate composed of precipitation-hardening Cr–Zr bronze with the same material by employing friction stir lap welding (FSLW). The objectives were to examine the structure, quality, and hardness of the welded joint, alongside investigating the impact of heat treatment (quenching and aging). By utilizing multi-pass FSLW method with a rotating tool crafted from a heat-resistant alloy and overlapping (partially overlapping) successive passes, a welded joint with a thickness of ~5 mm was achieved, devoid of critical continuity flaws (cracks or voids). Within the bronze layer restored through FSW, a softening effect ranging from 85–105 HV1 was observed compared to the initial hardness of the bronze in its hardened and aged state while in service (116–126 HV1). This is attributed to recrystallization and overaging, specifically the coarsening of chromium particles within the Cr–Zr bronze due to the heating of the weld nugget (stir zone) to 600–700 °C. The observed softening effect during FSW can be effectively rectified through heat treatment involving dissolution of the hardening phases followed by aging, resulting in a hardness increase to approximately 120–150 HV1. The process of restoring copper plates to their original thickness via the progressive and environmentally friendly FSW method, followed be the subsequent application of wear-resistant composite coatings, presents the opportunity for an almost infinite operational cycle of molds. This advancement could potentially eradicate the necessity for Russia to rely on importing such molds copper plates.
Navigating the AI Innovation: A Publisher's Balancing Act with Fundamental Principles
Authors: Lambert Mike
Published: January 2024

No abstract
Building peace from the grassroots with informal peace infrastructures: experience from Ojoo Community, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Irene Oseremen Felix
Published: January 2024

One of the greatest resources for promoting peacebuilding and sustaining peace in the long term is always rooted in people and their culture. Bearing this in mind is a major step towards addressing domestic violence, intimate partner violence, disputes over land ownership and challenges associated with weak social cohesion that plague Ibadan, Nigeria. This study explores the contributions of informal peace committees (IPCs) as informal peace infrastructures (IPIs) in responding to the menace and powering peacebuilding from below in the local setting of Ojoo, Ibadan, where the study was conducted. The qualitative study adopts participatory action research design. It uses purposive sampling techniques and sourced primary data from individual interviews, focus group discussions, observation and diarising. Twenty respondents were interviewed and three focus group discussions were conducted for the study with a view to collecting primary data. Although IPIs also have their own weaknesses, the study revealed that local peace infrastructures, such as IPCs are resourceful and effective in addressing multiple threats, including domestic and intimate partner violence, disputes over land ownership, weak social cohesion and building peace from below.
Pedagogía posdigital como síntesis del aprendizaje rizomático y la era posdigital
Authors: Medina López-Rey Diego
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo se construye alrededor de dos ejes centrales: el aprendizaje rizomático y la era posdigital. El aprendizaje rizomático asienta sus principios en la construcción del conocimiento a partir de las aportaciones del alumnado en tiempo real, con la finalidad de entender la comunidad como currículo. Por su parte, la era posdigital se entiende como la coyuntura en que la tecnología digital es una necesidad social impuesta. Partiendo de que la educación, pese a ser pública, no es gratuita, la digitalización aumenta la brecha socioeconómica entre elalumnado con acceso a herramientas digitales y el que no. Así, se propone la posibilidad de contradigitalización:usar la tecnología digital como una herramienta emancipadora más. Esto es, cuando sea posible, utilizarla de manera competente y equitativa. Ahora bien, cuando esta situación no pueda darse debemos contar con una práctica posdigital que comprenda el sistema-mundo con las mismas o similares posibilidades. Para ello,aprendizaje rizomático y era posdigital serán presentados como núcleos inherentes a la producción de la propuesta pedagógica viniente: la posibilidad de establecimiento de una pedagogía posdigital. Como sustento filosófico se presenta una revisión de literatura de los dos ejes mencionados desde la obra de Deleuze y Guattari,exponiéndose un acercamiento rupturista con las posiciones digitalistas de la educación tecnocapitalista actual.
Propuesta psicoeducativa sobre competencias emocionales en jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Rojas Cadena Cristina Michelle , Ruiz Silva Arianna Melissa , Díaz-Mosquera Elena
Published: January 2024

Varios estudios han reportado una asociación entre competencias emocionales y logros académicos en educación superior, y sobre la importancia de implementar estrategias para que los jóvenes afronten las demandas educativas. En esta línea, el objetivo del presente estudio consistió en explorar las características de la competencia de regulación emocional que inciden en el rendimiento académico de un grupo de jóvenes universitarios, con la finalidad de diseñar una propuesta psicoeducativa orientada a fortalecer la autogestión emocional de esta población. Para ello, se realizó una fase diagnóstica en la que participaron ochenta estudiantes universitarios, 33,8 % de sexo masculino y 66,2 % de sexo femenino, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 25 años(M = 21,09; DE = 1,92), a quienes se les aplicó el instrumento Difficulties in Emotion RegulationScale (DERS) y la Escala de Valoración de Aprendizajes de la Pontificia Universidad Católica delEcuador (PUCE). Los resultados mostraron la presencia de dificultades en conductas dirigidas a metas, así como una asociación significativa entre rendimiento académico y falta de aceptación y de claridad emocional. Con estos hallazgos, se empleó la metodología del Marco Lógico para diseñar una propuesta de siete talleres para fomentar el desarrollo de competencias relacionadas con reconocimiento y gestión de emociones, manejo de estrés y ansiedad, toma decisiones y manejo de conflictos, motivación intrínseca y autoconocimiento, gestión y administración del tiempo.
El valor de la ética aplicada en los estudios de ingeniería en un horizonte de inteligencia artificial confiable
Authors: Terrones Rodriguez Antonio Luis , Rocha Bernardi Mariana
Published: January 2024

Instituciones políticas como la Comisión Europea y el Gobierno de España han manifestadosu interés y predisposición para sentar las bases de una gobernanza ética de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA). En particular, han planteado el impulso de una Inteligencia Artificial confiable a través de unconjunto de directrices y estrategias. A pesar del beneficio que reportan estas iniciativas políticas, no es posible apreciar en su conjunto una estrategia educativa específica que contribuya a la generación de un ecosistema ético de IA fundamentado en la confianza. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal de este trabajo consiste en explicar que la enseñanza de la ética aplicada en los estudios de ingeniería constituye una apuesta para el fortalecimiento profesional, la gobernanza ética yuna investigación e innovación responsables. Para alcanzar este objetivo, en primer lugar, serándetallados algunos de los aspectos esenciales que dotan de un valor significativo a la enseñanza de la ética aplicada, subrayando la responsabilidad social que presentan las universidades en este terreno. En segundo lugar, se mostrará una clasificación de las asignaturas de ética relacionadas con la ingeniería en el entorno de las universidades públicas españolas. Y, en tercer lugar, se ofrecerá un marco teórico enraizado en la ética discursiva, promoviendo una mirada cívica en el contexto educativo de las profesiones.
La educación superior y el desarrollo integral en México
Authors: Villalobos López José Antonio
Published: January 2024

La matrícula escolar de México en el ciclo escolar 2021-2022 corresponde a 5,07 millones de alumnos (5,5 % en nivel técnico superior y normal, 86,2 % en licenciatura, 7,2 % en especialidad y maestría, y 1,1 % en doctorado), representando el 4 % de la población total nacional. El artículo se estructura con base en el método deductivo ycon un arquetipo cuantitativo, teniendo como objetivo conocer el estado de correlación existente entre el universo estudiantil de educación superior con el crecimiento económico y el desarrollo humano. Se parte de la hipótesis que la educación superior contribuirá significativamente al logro de estos objetivos, en primera instancia, para tratar de alcanzar el crecimiento económico, y después, para lograr tener acceso al desarrollo económico, social, sustentable y humano. Se confirmó la hipótesis de que, en México, durante el período de 2010 a 2022, el mayor número de alumnado de nivel superior puede explicar el 82,6 % de las variaciones experimentadas en el aumentodel Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) o crecimiento económico. Se consideraba que los más altos niveles de estudios en el país (doctorado y maestría) influirían de forma determinante en el incremento del PIB (crecimiento económico) y en una mejor posición del Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH), pero resultó que la variable más influyente en las regresiones lineales estimadas es la matrícula de nivel licenciatura.
a-Synuclein protein expression and purification v1
Authors: not provided andrew.west , not provided arpine.sokratian
Published: January 2024

Protocol for recombinant a-synuclein purification, useful as monomer template for seeded-amplification assays (like RT_QUIC or PMCA) . Recommendations are to store the protein always on ice while not running and do not stop purification when it is started.
Protein PEGylation Protocol - Full Martini Coarse Grained v2.0 Protocol (MARTINI, INSANE, Gromacs simulations) v1
Authors: not provided compt.biology.agutierrez , Ili Gangas Carmen
Published: January 2024

The construction of coarse-grained systems from atomistic models is a key strategy in simulating molecular-level biological systems. This process involves reducing the complexity of an atomic system, represented by a large number of particles, to a coarser or simplified level, enabling the study of phenomena at larger time scales. To carry out this conversion, the tool insane.py can be employed, designed to generate topologies and initial configurations for coarse-grained systems. Firstly, insane.py is used to translate an atomistic model into a coarse-grained format, defining the relationship between groups of atoms and simplifying interactions. This step is essential to reduce computational load and enable simulations at extended time scales. Subsequently, GROMACS, a renowned molecular dynamics software suite, is utilized to perform molecular dynamics simulations on the newly generated coarse-grained system. This process allows for the study of the dynamics and behavior of the system under realistic conditions. In the context of protein PEGylation, a common methodology to enhance protein stability and solubility, a basic approach is followed. PEGylation involves the covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to proteins, providing unique properties to improve drug efficacy and reduce immunogenicity. The basic methodology involves the appropriate selection of conjugation sites on the protein and the chemical binding of the PEG polymer, often through amide-type reactions. In summary, the construction of coarse-grained systems, the use of tools like insane.py, and the application of molecular dynamics techniques with GROMACS are pivotal in simulating molecular systems. Additionally, protein PEGylation offers an effective strategy to enhance various biomolecular properties with significant applications in drug development.
Isolation and co-culture of nodose ganglion neurons v1
Authors: not provided andrew.west , not provided arpine.sokratian
Published: January 2024

Protocol useful for co-cultured intestinal organoids from SNCAA53T mice with nodose ganglia neurons from Snca-/- mice that lack any α-synuclein expression. Though enteric ganglia might natively express low levels of α-synuclein protein, culturing the neurons from the Snca-/- mice and utilizing a monoclonal anti-human α-synuclein antibody previously validated in the Snca-/-mice ensures reliability for detection of authentic α-synuclein spread from the intestinal organoids to the co-cultured nerves.
Preparation and culture of mouse intestinal organoids v1
Authors: not provided arpine.sokratian , Williamson Ian
Published: January 2024

This protocol details an approach for the dissociation of colon epithelial cells from the murine samples. The key goal is to yield intact crypt samples suitable for culture and further dissociation into organoids. The protocols outline specific tools and reagents required for each step ensuring the isolation of crypt units with minimal contamination from other cell types.
ddRADseq for animal population genomics/phylogenomics v1
Authors: Suchan Tomasz , Dufresnes Christophe , Schmidt Robin , Ambu Johanna , Gippner Sven , Vences Miguel
Published: January 2024

Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) offers a simple, affordable, and versatile approach to swiftly genotype thousands of genetic markers without prior optimization for population genetic and phylogenetic analyses on any kind of organism (Baird et al. 2008). Although RADseq protocols have undergone significant advancements, they remain difficult to implement de novo for researchers inexperienced with the technique in labs that are not a priori equipped for NGS technologies. The protocol presented here aims to facilitate such implementation. It consists of an adaptation of the double digest RADseq (ddRADseq) protocol proposed by Peterson et al. (2012) and further modified by Brelsford et al. (2016). Compared to the latter, it optimizes reagent usages and introduces a facilitated procedure of AMPure purification of an entire 96-well plate at once, by using a custom magnetic 96-pin device. The procedure goes as follows. Genomic DNA of the samples undergoes enzyme restriction by SbfI, a 'rare'-cutter, and MseI, a more 'frequent'-cutter. The digested DNA fragments are then ligated to adapters on each end, with the SbfI adapter containing individual 4-8 bp barcodes for multiplexing samples in the library. The ligated fragments are then purified and amplified by replicate PCRs using primers that include TruSeq Illumina indices for sequencing as well as indexing. PCR products are then pooled and size selection (400-500bp) is performed either with a PippinPrep Instrument or through ad hoc migration/excision on an agarose gel. The size-selected library is purified, quantified, and controlled before Illumina sequencing. So far, this protocol, or the previous version it derives from (Brelsford et al., 2016), has been successfully used in phylogeographic studies across various non-model animals, including amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and insects (e.g. Ambu et al., 2023).
Molecular transport processes in liquid nutrient media of yeast and beer industries. Part 3. Thermophysical properties of aqueous solutions of beet molasses and beer wort concentrate
Authors:   ITMO University, Novoselov Alexander G. , Loginov Andrey Yu. ,   ITMO University, Baranov Igor V. ,   ITMO University, Chebotar Anastasiia V. ,   ITMO University, Sorokin Sergey A. ,   ITMO University
Published: January 2024

Thermophysical properties of aqueous solutions of molasses and beer wort concentrate with different dry matter content in a wide range of temperature changes were investigated. Seven samples of aqueous solution of beet molasses with an initial dry matter concentration of 77.7 wt.% and seven samples of beer wort concentrate with an initial dry matter concentration of 81 wt.% were studied. The temperature variation range was 10–70℃ with a discreteness of 10℃. Thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity of the initial solutions were determined by unsteady plane source and differential scanning calorimetry methods. Numerical values of the above-mentioned thermal constants for aqueous solutions of beet molasses in the range of dry matter mass concentrations n of from 16 to 70% at the temperatures of from 293 to 353 K and of beer wort concentrate in the range of dry matter mass concentrations of from 10.2 to 72.4% at temperatures from 284 to 342 K have been experimentally established. Graphical dependences of heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity of these parameters on temperature are given. Design equations of the required parameters are obtained, which are of interest both from the point of view of fundamental science on the development of the theory for liquid state of matter, and from the applied point of view of engineering calculations and design of biotechnological equipment.
Integrating life cycle assessment into best technology practices for functional food ingredients
Authors:   ITMO University, Miniakhmetova Aigul V. , Sergienko Olga I. ,   ITMO University, Baranenko Denis A. ,   ITMO University, Ilina Victoria S. ,   ITMO University, Lepeshkin Artem I. ,   ITMO University, Eminova Elmira R. ,   ITMO University
Published: January 2024

The research involved environmental assessment of technologies for the production of functional ingredients with oncoprotective functions on the basis of different raw materials: secondary resources – by-products of soybean oil production and plant raw materials (extracts from Filipendula ulmaria) in order to determine the environmental impact in their life cycle and to select the environmentally best of the considered technologies. The following biologically active substances were considered as research objects: microencapsulated phytosterols from by-products of soya oil production and nanoencapsulated extracts from wild and farmer Filipendula ulmaria. Life cycle assessment method was used as a research method as a tool to assess the environmental impact of production. Life cycle inventory analysis of technologies was carried out based on SimaPro 9.1.1.1.1 software using EPD (2018) V1.01, ReCiPe 2016 (Midpoint (H) V1.04/World (2010) H), and IPCC 2013 (GWP 500a V1.01) calculation models. Using the life cycle of functional ingredients for cancer prevention as an example, it is shown that the use soya oil production by-products is more environmentally friendly than the use of plant extracts from wild and farmer's labdanum (Filipendula ulmaria). The environmental impacts of the production technologies in the categories of global warming, eutrophication, acidification, and water consumption were quantified, confirming the superiority of phytostyrene from soya oil waste. The results obtained can be used to create a domestic information database for the selection of the best technologies for the production of biologically active substances and functional food ingredients, taking into account the environmental assessment of the life cycle.
Mathematical simulation of vibration cutting process for food materials
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Ageev Оleg V. , Samojlova Natalia V. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the paper is to develop a complex of mathematical models for vibration cutting process of food materials. An analysis of the research papers on vibration cutting of food products has been performed. A scheme for knife penetration with a straight cutting edge into a viscoelastic material during vibration is considered. The effect of kinematic transformation of an elementary knife when applying longitudinal vibrations is analyzed. Mathematical models for determining the vibration velocity of an elementary knife and the vibration cutting angle have been developed. The main dependences of the vibration cutting angle on the vibration frequency, amplitude, and feed speed of the knife have been calculated. Mathematical models for determining the dimensional and dimensionless resistance forces of the knife shape, which change during vibration cutting according to the harmonic law, have been developed. The main dependences of these forces on the vibration frequency, amplitude, and blade feed speed have been calculated. Mathematical models for determining the average vibration cutting angle and the average dimensionless shape resistance force have been developed; the main dependencies on the vibration frequency, amplitude and feed rate of the knife have been determined. The process of vibration cutting with the imposition of polyharmonic vibrations, including the fundamental and higher harmonics, is considered. Mathematical models for determining the vibration cutting angle and dimensionless shape resistance force have been developed. The main dependences of the indicated angle and dimensionless force on the number of the highest harmonic and the knife feed speed have been calculated. Mathematical models for determining the average vibration cutting angle and the average dimensionless shape resistance force when polyharmonic vibrations with two harmonics are applied are proposed. The main dependences of the indicated angle and dimensionless force on the number of the highest harmonic and the knife feed speed have been calculated. The average values of the vibration cutting angle and dimensionless force are significantly reduced with the imposition of vibrations with higher harmonics on the cutting body at a constant total vibration frequency, which leads to a noticeable reduction in energy costs for cutting and an improvement in the quality of the cut surface.
Can Media Enhance Deliberative Democracy? Exploring Media Monitoring Capabilities in 14 EU-Countries
Authors: Lauk Epp , Berglez Peter
Published: January 2024

The editorial introduces the topic of this thematic issue, which is the important role of society’s media monitoring capabilities, i.e., to produce information about what media “do” to society, and more precisely for democratic development both the here and the now and in the longer term. The theoretical and methodological aspects of the thematic issue are presented according to the approach of an EU-funded project Mediadelcom, which aims to explain interconnections between the news media transformations and the risks and opportunities for deliberative communication. One of the stages of the project investigates media monitoring capabilities in different countries. The eight articles introduced in the editorial contribute to deepening the perspectives on the capabilities of media monitoring in the 21st century, and to understanding their function in detecting potential risks and opportunities for democratic public deliberation.