bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de antihipertensivos como factor protector para fractura no traumática de cadera
Authors: Marinovich-Milenka Nuñez
Published: November 2023

Objetivo. Determinar si el uso de antihipertensivos se asocia a la reducción del riesgo de la fractura de cadera no traumática en pacientes del Hospital Belén de Trujillo, 2017-2022. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo, analítico y transversal. De acuerdo con los criterios de selección, se incluyeron a 160 pacientes adultos, los cuales se dividieron en 2 grupos: con o sin fractura de cadera no traumática; a continuación, se aplicó la razón de prevalencias y la prueba estadística chi-cuadrado. Resultados. El promedio de edad y la frecuencia de osteoporosis fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo de pacientes con fractura de cadera (p<0,05). El consumo de antihipertensivos tiazídicos fue un factor protector para la fractura no traumática de cadera, con una razón de prevalencias de 0,29, el cual fue significativo (p<0,05). El consumo de betabloqueantes fue un factor protector para fractura no traumática de cadera, con una razón de prevalencias de 0,30, el cual fue significativo (p<0,05). El consumo de ARA fue un factor protector para fractura no traumática de cadera, con una razón de prevalencias de 0,26, el cual fue significativo (p<0,05). El consumo de IECA no fue un factor protector para fractura no traumática de cadera, con una razón de prevalencias de 1,11, el cual no fue significativo (p>0,05). Conclusiones. El uso de antihipertensivos se asocia a disminución del riesgo de la fractura de cadera no traumática en pacientes del Hospital Belén de Trujillo, 2017-2022 (nivel de evidencia III-B).
Seguridad Económica de Adultos Mayores de la Ciudad de San Juan Bautista -Misiones
Authors: González Benítez Sadys Asunción
Published: November 2023

La investigación tiene como objetivo general determinar la seguridad económica de los adultos mayores de la Ciudad de San Juan Bautista –Misiones. Y los objetivos específicos: Identificar el perfil individual y del hogar de la Población de Adultos Mayores y detallar el tipo de ingreso y bienes que posee la población adulta que le asegure su bienestar económico. Se utiliza el método cualitativo y cuantitativo, Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el cuestionario abierto, lo que permitió trabajar con una población de adultos mayores de 60 años de edad en adelante de la Ciudad de San Juan Bautista–Misiones. Lo que permitió llegar a la conclusión que existe un porcentaje elevado de adultos mayores quienes no trabajan y reciben pensión alimenticia, ajustan a la Ley N° 6381/2020, siendo un importante impacto en la situación de la económica de las familias.  Otros tienen alguna jubilación y el monto se encuentra ente los 637.577 a 1.100.000 Gs. mensual; si también muchos de los adultos mayores siguen activos en el mercado laboral informal como también existen quienes no cuentan con ningún ingreso y escasa cobertura médica y la escolaridad de los mismos es muy bajo. Sin embargo, los ingresos económicos de los adultos mayores esta ciudad tiene que ver gran parte con las redes de apoyo que se generan alrededor de la población adulta, así como a los generados por la permanencia en el mercado laboral o de otros mecanismos de ayuda. Las desigualdades socioeconómicas de muchos adultos mayores de la Ciudad de San Juan Bautista –Misiones y otras ciudades y localidades del país, ameritan seguir desarrollando investigaciones y propuestas validas a subastar este gran problema social.
Grado De Evolución de la Contabilidad en el Contexto de la Tecnología de Información y Comunicación – Tic, en la Municipalidad De Pilar
Authors: Rojas Vázquez Patricia Aldana , Mercado Molinas Cayetano Ramón
Published: November 2023

El presente trabajo se enmarca dentro de los estudios no experimentales, de tipo descriptivo con métodos de estudio cualitativo y cuantitativos. La contabilidad se ha desarrollado conforme han evolucionado las tecnologías de información y comunicación, por lo que este trabajo se centra en dilucidar temas referentes a la contabilidad en el contexto de la Tecnología de información y comunicación – Tic, con el objetivo general de caracterizar el Grado de Evolución de la Contabilidad en el contexto de la Tecnología de Información y Comunicación – Tic, en la Municipalidad de Pilar. para ello se plantearon los objetivos específicos:  describir los cambios realizados en la Municipalidad de Pilar, a partir de la actualización tecnológica e identificar los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a la implementación de la tecnología de la información y la comunicación. De las revisiones de literatura como fuente de datos secundarios y la aplicación de encuestas a los profesionales contables de la Municipalidad de Pilar se obtuvieron resultados que indican que el papel que juega la información contable en el municipio es de vital importancia, ya que la misma se deriva de la calidad, de esta manera la institución acude a las tecnologías de información para potenciar sus medios informativos con la utilización de software contable y esto los ayuda a superar la incertidumbre que consiste en adquirir más y mejor información, siendo estas la imagen fiel de las operaciones realizadas en la Municipalidad. Todos los profesionales contables del municipio consultados han incursionado esta nueva herramienta tecnológica.
Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
Authors: Mendieta Ramírez Angélica , Torres Figueroa Oneibys , Sánchez Lara Jabneel Alejandra
Published: November 2023

This work aims to draw attention towards the positive consequences of the fact that a company is both ethical and profitable, as well as knowing how to communicate it. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concept was researched as well as its indicators in Mexico and the world, which are shown in this paper. We also offer data seen in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic hence to demonstrate the need for sustainable proposals to emerge so the economic sectors can recover. To communicate CSR, a company must inform its internal and external audiences persuasively and consistently. The efficient management of a corporate image starts from the communication of a value proposition plus social impact. A strategic business positioning must represent the expectations and collective trends of the different publics. Therefore, we investigate the conceptualization of ethics to point out that institutions have a social responsibility, not only because their actions have an impact on society, but also because the goals they pursue are social.
Valuing sculpture in the long eighteenth century: materials and technology
Authors: Sullivan M. G.
Published: November 2023

In 1712 the sale catalogue of John Nost’s studio defined the value of sculpture as lying in the intrinsic value of materials, the performance of the artist, and the costs and complexity of sculptural production. This article looks at how these values of materials and making shifted over the course of the following 150 years through specific examples of materials – lead and granite – that gained and then lost value; and how production processes that streamlined sculptural production, notably James Tulloch’s marble works, were first celebrated and then seen as anathema to sculptural value. The article argues for the malleability of sculptural value systems in the long eighteenth century, and the need to understand sculptural value in materials and production in relation to economic and technological history.
The Return of the Rosetta Target: Keck Near-infrared Observations of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko in 2021
Authors: Bonev Boncho P. , Dello Russo Neil , Kawakita Hideyo , Vervack Jr. Ronald J. , DiSanti Michael A. , Shinnaka Yoshiharu , Ootsubo Takafumi , Gibb Erika L. , Combi Michael R. , Altwegg Kathrin , Biver Nicolas , Crovisier Jacques , Doppmann Gregory , Villanueva Geronimo L. , Khan Younas , Ejeta Chemeda T. , Saki Mohammad , McKay Adam J. , Cochran Anita L. , Jehin Emmanuel , Roth Nathan X. , Cordiner Martin A. , Shou Yinsi
Published: November 2023

High-resolution near-infrared ground-based spectroscopic observations of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko near its maximum activity in 2021 were conducted from the W. M. Keck Observatory, using the facility spectrograph NIRSPEC. 67P is the best-studied comet to date because of the unprecedented detail and insights provided by the Rosetta mission during 2014–2016. Because 67P is the only comet where the detailed abundances of many coma volatiles were measured in situ, determining its composition from the ground provides a unique opportunity to interpret Rosetta results within the context of the large database of ground-based compositional measurements of comets. However, previous apparitions, including in 2015, have been unfavorable for in-depth ground-based studies of parent volatiles in 67P. The 2021 apparition of 67P was thus the first-ever opportunity for such observations. We report gas spatial distributions, rotational temperatures, production rates, and relative abundances (or stringent upper limits) among seven volatile species: C2H2, C2H6, HCN, NH3, CH3OH, H2CO, and H2O. The measured abundances of trace species relative to water reveal near average or below average values compared to previous comets studied at infrared wavelengths. Both gas rotational temperatures and the spatial distributions of H2O, C2H6, and HCN measured with Keck-NIRSPEC in 2021 are consistent with the outgassing patterns revealed by Rosetta in 2015 at very similar heliocentric distance  (post-perihelion). These results can be integrated with both Rosetta mission findings and ground-based cometary studies of the overall comet population, for which we encourage a wide-scale collaboration across measurement techniques.
Orientations of Dark Matter Halos in FIRE-2 Milky Way–mass Galaxies
Authors: Baptista Jay , Sanderson Robyn , Huber Dan , Wetzel Andrew , Sameie Omid , Boylan-Kolchin Michael , Bailin Jeremy , Hopkins Philip F. , Faucher-Giguere Claude-André , Chakrabarti Sukanya , Vargya Drona , Panithanpaisal Nondh , Arora Arpit , Cunningham Emily
Published: November 2023

The shape and orientation of dark matter (DM) halos are sensitive to the microphysics of the DM particles, yet in many mass models, the symmetry axes of the Milky Way’s DM halo are often assumed to be aligned with the symmetry axes of the stellar disk. This is well motivated for the inner DM halo, but not for the outer halo. We use zoomed-in cosmological baryonic simulations from the Latte suite of FIRE-2 Milky Way–mass galaxies to explore the evolution of the DM halo’s orientation with radius and time, with or without a major merger with a Large Magellanic Cloud analog, and when varying the DM model. In three of the four cold DM halos we examine, the orientation of the halo minor axis diverges from the stellar disk vector by more than 20° beyond about 30 galactocentric kpc, reaching a maximum of 30°–90°, depending on the individual halo’s formation history. In identical simulations using a model of self-interacting DM with σ = 1 cm2 g−1, the halo remains aligned with the stellar disk out to ∼200–400 kpc. Interactions with massive satellites (M ≳ 4 × 1010
M
⊙ at pericenter; M ≳ 3.3 × 1010
M
⊙ at infall) affect the orientation of the halo significantly, aligning the halo’s major axis with the satellite galaxy from the disk to the virial radius. The relative orientation of the halo and disk beyond 30 kpc is a potential diagnostic of self-interacting DM, if the effects of massive satellites can be accounted for.
What Is the Nature of the HESS J1731-347 Compact Object?
Authors: Sagun Violetta , Giangrandi Edoardo , Dietrich Tim , Ivanytskyi Oleksii , Negreiros Rodrigo , Providência Constança
Published: November 2023

Once further confirmed in future analyses, the radius and mass measurement of HESS J1731-347 with

M
=

0.77

−
0.17

+
0.20

M

⊙

and

R
=

10.4

−
0.78

+
0.86

km

will be among the lightest and smallest compact objects ever detected. This raises many questions about its nature and opens up the window for different theories to explain such a measurement. In this article, we use the information from Doroshenko et al. on the mass, radius, and surface temperature together with the multimessenger observations of neutron stars to investigate the possibility that HESS J1731-347 is one of the lightest observed neutron star, a strange quark star, a hybrid star with an early deconfinement phase transition, or a dark matter–admixed neutron star. The nucleonic and quark matter are modeled within realistic equation of states (EOSs) with a self-consistent calculation of the pairing gaps in quark matter. By performing the joint analysis of the thermal evolution and mass–radius constraint, we find evidence that within a 1σ confidence level, HESS J1731-347 is consistent with the neutron star scenario with the soft EOS as well as with a strange and hybrid star with the early deconfinement phase transition with a strong quark pairing and neutron star admixed with dark matter.
X-Ray Spectral Variations of Circinus X-1 Observed with NICER throughout an Entire Orbital Cycle
Authors: Tominaga Mayu , Tsujimoto Masahiro , Ebisawa Ken , Enoto Teruaki , Hayasaki Kimitake
Published: November 2023

Circinus X-1 (Cir X-1) is a neutron star binary with an elliptical orbit of 16.6 days. The source is unique for its extreme youth, providing a key to understanding early binary evolution. However, its X-ray variability is too complex to reach a clear interpretation. We conducted the first high-cadence (every 4 hr, on average) observations covering one entire orbit using the NICER X-ray telescope. The X-ray flux behavior can be divided into stable, dip, and flaring phases. The X-ray spectra in all phases can be described by a common model consisting of a partially covered disk blackbody emission and the line features from a highly ionized photoionized plasma. The spectral change over the orbit is attributable to rapid changes of the partial covering medium in the line of sight and gradual changes of the disk blackbody emission. Emission lines of H- and He-like Mg, Si, S, and Fe are detected, most prominently in the dip phase. The Fe emission lines change to absorption in the course of the transition from the dip phase to the flaring phase. The estimated ionization degree indicates no significant changes, suggesting that the photoionized plasma is stable over the orbit. We propose a simple model in which the disk blackbody emission is partially blocked by a local medium in the line of sight that has spatial structures depending on the azimuth of the accretion disk. Emission lines upon the continuum emission are from the photoionized plasma located outside of the blocking material.
Improving Coronal Hole Detections and Open Flux Estimates
Authors: Caplan Ronald M. , Mason Emily I. , Downs Cooper , Linker Jon A.
Published: November 2023

One systematic limitation of solar coronal hole (CH) detection at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths is the obscuration of dark regions of the corona by brighter structures along the line of sight. Another problem arises when using CHs to compute the Sun’s open magnetic flux, where surface measurements of the radial magnetic field,

B

r

⊙

, are situated slightly below the effective height of coronal EUV emission. In this paper, we explore these two limitations utilizing a thermodynamic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of the corona for Carrington rotation (CR) 2101, where we generate CH detections from EUV 193 Å images of the corona forward-modeled from the MHD solution, and where the modeled open field is known. We demonstrate a method to combine EUV images into a full Sun map that helps alleviate CH obscuration called the minimum intensity disk
merge (MIDM). We also show the variation in measured open flux and CH area that is due to the effective height differences between EUV and

B

r

⊙

measurements. We then apply the MIDM method to SDO/AIA 193 Å observations from CR 2101, and conduct an analogous analysis. In this case, the MIDM method uses time-varying images, the effects of which are discussed. We show that overall, the MIDM method and an appreciation of the effective height mismatch provide a useful new way to extract a broader view of CHs, especially near the poles. In turn, they enable improved estimates of the open magnetic flux, and help facilitate comparisons between models and observations.
Constraining the Jet Composition of GRB 221009A with the Prompt TeV Emission Limit
Authors: Dai Cui-Yuan , Wang Xiang-Yu , Liu Ruo-Yu , Zhang Bing
Published: November 2023

Recent LHAASO observations of the prompt emission phase of the brightest-of-all-time GRB 221009A imposes a stringent limit on the flux ratio between the TeV and MeV emissions, F
TeV/F
MeV ≤ 2 × 10−5, during the period 220–230 s after the trigger. This period covers the peak of the main MeV burst and is just before the TeV afterglow emerges. Within the framework of internal shocks, we study the internal γγ absorption in GRB 221009A by generating a set of synthetic bursts in a simulation that reproduces the observed feature of GRB 221009A. We find that the γγ absorption does not lead to an exponential cutoff, but rather a power-law spectrum, consistent with previous works. We further find that the attenuation due to γγ absorption alone cannot explain the flux limit ratio of GRB 221009A, suggesting a low ratio between synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) and synchrotron emission outputs. This requires the magnetic field energy density to be much larger than the synchrotron photon energy density so that the SSC flux is greatly suppressed. This indicates that the jet composition of GRB 221009A is likely Poynting flux dominated.
Density Enhancement Streams in The Solar Wind
Authors: Mozer F. S. , Agapitov O. , Bale S. D. , Livi R. , Romeo O. , Sauer K. , Vasko I. Y. , Verniero J.
Published: November 2023

This Letter describes a new phenomenon on the Parker Solar Probe of recurring plasma density enhancements that have Δn/n ∼ 10% and that occur at a repetition rate of ∼5 Hz. They were observed sporadically for about 5 hr between 14 and 15 solar radii on Parker Solar Probe orbit 12 and they were also seen in the same radial range on both the inbound and outbound orbits 11. Their apparently steady-state existence suggests that their pressure gradient was balanced by the electric field. The X-component of the electric field component produced from this requirement is in good agreement with that measured. This provides strong evidence for the measurement accuracy of the density fluctuations and the X- and Y-components of the electric field (the Z-component was not measured). The electrostatic density waves were accompanied by an electromagnetic low-frequency wave, which occurred with the electrostatic harmonics. The amplitudes of these electrostatic and electromagnetic waves at ≥1 Hz were greater than the amplitude of the Alfvénic turbulence in their vicinity so they can be important for the heating, scattering, and acceleration of the plasma. The existence of this pair of waves is consistent with the observed plasma distributions and is explained as an oscilliton due to the nonlinear coupling between the kinetic Alfvén wave and the ion cyclotron mode, which belongs with the minor population of alpha particles.
AT 2023prq: A Classical Nova in the Halo of the Andromeda Galaxy
Authors: Healy-Kalesh Michael W. , Perley Daniel A.
Published: November 2023

The classical nova, AT 2023prq, was discovered on 2023 August 15 and is located at a distance of 46 kpc from the Andromeda galaxy (M31). Here we report photometry and spectroscopy of the nova. The “very fast” (

t

2
,

r

′

∼
3.4

 days) and low luminosity (

M

r

′

∼
−
7.6

) nature of the transient along with the helium in its spectra would indicate that AT 2023prq is a “faint-and-fast” He/N nova. Additionally, at such a large distance from the center of M31, AT 2023prq is a member of the halo nova population.
Near to Mid-infrared Spectroscopy of (65803) Didymos as Observed by JWST: Characterization Observations Supporting the Double Asteroid Redirection Test
Authors: Rivkin Andrew S. , Thomas Cristina A. , Wong Ian , Rozitis Benjamin , de León Julia , Holler Bryan , Milam Stefanie N. , Howell Ellen S. , Hammel Heidi B. , Arredondo Anicia , Brucato John R. , Epifani Elena M. , Ieva Simone , La Forgia Fiorangela , Lucas Michael P. , Lucchetti Alice , Pajola Maurizio , Poggiali Giovanni , Sunshine Jessica N. , Trigo-Rodríguez Josep M.
Published: November 2023

The Didymos binary asteroid was the target of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission, which intentionally impacted Dimorphos, the smaller member of the binary system. We used the Near-Infrared Spectrograph and Mid-Infrared Instrument instruments on JWST to measure the 0.6–5 and 5–20 μm spectra of Didymos approximately two months after the DART impact. These observations confirm that Didymos belongs to the S asteroid class and is most consistent with LL chondrite composition, as was previously determined from its 0.6–2.5 μm reflectance spectrum. Measurements at wavelengths >2.5 μm show Didymos to have thermal properties typical for an S-complex asteroid of its size and to be lacking absorptions deeper than ∼2% due to OH or H2O. Didymos’ mid-infrared emissivity spectrum is within the range of what has been measured on S-complex asteroids observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope and is most consistent with emission from small (<25 μm) surface particles. We conclude that the observed reflectance and physical properties make the Didymos system a good proxy for the type of ordinary chondrite asteroids that cross near-Earth space, and a good representative of likely future impactors.
The collection of the genus Epepeotes Pascoe, 1866 housed in the Natural History Museum, London (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: Xie Guanglin , Barclay Maxwell V. L. , Wang Wenkai
Published: November 2023

Data on the collection of the genus Epepeotes Pascoe, 1866 deposited in the Natural History Museum, London are presented. A total of 23 species/subspecies, including type specimens of 18 names, of them 13 valid, are recorded. Epepeotes uncinatus lineatopunctatus Breuning, 1960 is restored to subspecies-level status. Lectotypes are designated for Epepeotes uncinatus uncinatus Gahan, 1888 and Epepeotes andamanicus Gahan, 1893. Epepeotes luscus luscus (Fabricius, 1787) is newly recorded in Cambodia and Singapore, and Epepeotes uncinatus uncinatus Gahan, 1888 is newly recorded in Bangladesh. Images of the type and other significant specimens are provided for 23 taxa, mainly for the first time.
Pullback attractors for the nonclassical diffusion equations with memory in time-dependent spaces
Authors: Li Ke , Xie Yongqin , Ren Yong , Li Jun
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we consider the asymptotic behavior of nonclassical diffusion equations with hereditary memory and time-dependent perturbed parameter on whole space $ \mathbb{R}^n $. Under a general assumption on the memory kernel $ k $, the existence and regularity of time-dependent global attractors are proven using a new analytical technique. It is remarkable that the nonlinearity $ f $ has no restriction on the upper growth.
Some properties for 2-variable modified partially degenerate Hermite (MPDH) polynomials derived from differential equations and their zeros distributions
Authors: Hwang Gyung Won , Ryoo Cheon Seoung , Kang Jung Yoog
Published: November 2023

The 2-variable modified partially degenerate Hermite (MPDH) polynomials are the subject of our study in this paper. We found basic properties of these polynomials and obtained several types of differential equations related to MPDH polynomials. Based on the MPDH polynomials, we looked at the structures of the approximation roots for a particular polynomial and checked the values of the approximate roots. Further, we presented some conjectures for MPDH polynomials.
Gamification and Game-Based Learning as Cooperative Learning Tools: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fonseca Ingrid , Caviedes Martha , Chantré Jenny , Bernate Jayson
Published: November 2023

Innovation has changed teaching-learning processes; among the strategies that have been implemented are gamification and game-based learning, which are related to the use of games to generate spaces for participation. On the other hand, cooperative learning promotes scenarios of discussion, group work, and socialization. A systematic review is presented, following the PRISMA methodology. SCOPUS, WoS, and ERIC databases were used, and 20 articles published in the period from 2012 to 2021 were chosen. The results show that the cooperative model, gamification, and game-based learning allow the strengthening of academic, personal, and social skills in playful spaces that foster emotions and creativity. In-person, virtual, and blended activities, role-playing, and assignment to improve motivation are some of the options for the implementation of the model. Some applied tools are Scratch, Kahoot, Pandemic, Night of the Living Debt, Spoc, Minecraft, Scape Room, Cerebriti Edu, GaCoCo, Crazy Racket, and Keep Dancing. We conclude that the development of new learning environments allows students and teachers to work in groups and achieve the proposed objectives, with more participation, interaction, motivation, and inclusion.
Prototype for Analyzing Instructor Profiles in Online Courses: A Fuzzy Logic-Based Approach
Authors: Ulloa-Marquez Daniel , Tigre-Quizhpe Johanna , Barba-Guaman Luis Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Online education has grown exponentially in recent years, becoming the main form of education in many countries due to the global pandemic. However, evaluating the performance of online instructors can be challenging as obtaining accurate feedback from students is not always easy. This research project proposes an intelligent evaluation model for analyzing the instructor’s profile in online courses using fuzzy deformable prototypes. By identifying the personality traits and emotions expressed by students in surveys, the model evaluates the instructor’s personality based on the five main traits of psychology: openness to experience, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism. The results obtained can help instructors improve their methodologies and communication, providing better quality online education. The proposed method involves data cleaning, natural language processing, and fuzzy logic analysis, and the results are presented in a user-friendly web interface. The approach has the potential to revolutionize instructor evaluation in online education.
Les terres cuites architecturales de l’oppidum de Bibracte (Saône-et-Loire, France) : nouveaux modes de construction et origine des ressources naturelles (ier siècle avant J.-C. - ier siècle après J.-C.)
Authors: Delencre Florent , Garcia Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2023

L’adoption des matériaux de construction en terre cuite romains dès le milieu du ier siècle avant J.-C. sur l’oppidum de Bibracte est particulièrement précoce pour le Nord-Est de la Gaule. L’analyse pétrographique (méthodes de déterminations macro- et microscopique) de ces matériaux est fondée sur la mise en place d’un corpus important réunissant plus d’une dizaine de milliers de fragments, permettant d’aborder la question de l’origine des ressources naturelles mobilisées. La mise en œuvre des terres cuites architecturales au sein de l’oppidum de Bibracte mobilise des ressources naturelles locales, dans un contexte de romanisation qui facilite la transmission de nouveaux savoir-faire. L’intégration d’une partie de l’élite éduenne aux modes de vie romains semble corroborer l’existence d’ateliers organisés très précocement dans l’environnement proche de Bibracte. Cependant, certains matériaux semblent être importés dans le cas de commandes spécifiques voulues et financées par ces mêmes élites.
La deriva como (pre)disposición metodológica: inmersión etnográfica y compromiso ontológico en una práctica espiritual católica
Authors: Muñoz-Villalón Luis
Published: November 2023

Entendida la etnografía como situación metodológica privilegiada en la producción de conocimiento antropológico, este texto reflexiona desde la propuesta de intervención metodológica de Holbraad y Pedersen, en diálogo con la fenomenología y la antropología de la corporalidad. Desde estos referentes, se ponen en cuestión los modos de aproximarnos a las experiencias religioso-espirituales, con una crítica al ateísmo y al agnosticismo metodológico. Como alternativa, y partiendo de autoras que defienden un modelo de etnografía fenomenológica, encarnada, que asume los mismos riesgos ontológicos que aquellos con quienes participamos, expongo mis reflexiones desde una inmersión radical en una práctica católica (de espiritualidad ignaciana). El abandono o deriva, entendida como (pre)disposición a perderse, se torna clave en este modelo de experimentación que pretende desbordar y jugar con los límites de las etnografías posibles.
Florestas biodiversas em perspetiva antropológica: ressurgências das paisagens em ruína pela monocultura do eucalipto
Authors: Matos Viegas Susana
Published: November 2023

A diversidade tem sido tratada por várias áreas do conhecimento. Cabe à antropologia oferecer perspetivas descentradas sobre a sua existência histórica. Neste artigo mobilizo conhecimento etnográfico de contextos que conheço por experiência de trabalho de campo – indígenas na mata atlântica do sul da Bahia e os fataluku da região sociocultural do sudeste asiático (Timor-Leste) – para reforçar historicidades de vivência da paisagem que resultam em biodiversidade. Mostro a relevância de relacionalidades para a emergência dessa biodiversidade, em consonância com os estudos sobre florestas antropogénicas. Com essa perspetiva, enveredo por uma reflexão crítica sobre o território de eucaliptais em Portugal, mostrando a inviabilidade da monocultura de árvores – a reprodução do similar no solo - como floresta. Reequaciono assim os debates públicos sobre floresta (e incêndios rurais), argumentando que ressurgências de biodiversidade não brotam dessa simplificação ecológica.
Problématique de l’accès à l'eau potable dans la ville d’Abéché au Tchad
Authors: Dingao Dombor Djikoloum , Mbaïndogoum Djebe , Julien Kem-Allahte , Mustapha Mahamat Ali
Published: November 2023

La croissance démographique et les extensions du tissu urbain de la ville d’Abéché ont évolué très rapidement, rendant problématique l’accès à l’eau potable des populations. Ceci est à l’origine de problèmes sociaux et environnementaux. Dans ces conditions, cet article se propose de faire l’état des lieux actuel de l’accès à l’eau potable à Abéché, en procédant au contrôle de la qualité de l'eau consommée dans les ménages. Pour atteindre cet objectif, trois approches ont été mobilisées. Un sondage aléatoire mené auprès d’un échantillon de 555 ménages a permis d’évaluer la situation de l’accès à l’eau dans la cité. Des analyses physico-chimiques de six échantillons d’eau des pluies et de 24 échantillons d’eau des puits ont été réalisées. Les résultats mettent en exergue qu’il y a à Abéché plusieurs modes d’approvisionnement en eau : les puits, les forages, la Société tchadienne des eaux (STE), les cours d’eau et les pluies. L'approvisionnement en eau se fait à 44 % à travers les puits, 19% par la STE et 31% par les bornes fontaines. Les forages, les cours d’eau et les pluies assurent respectivement 3,7%, 1,2% et 1,1% de l’approvisionnement en eau. La gestion des ordures, la gestion ménagère de l’eau et de l’assainissement constituent des facteurs de pollution des eaux de consommation. Les diarrhées et la fièvre typhoïde sont les maladies hydriques les plus récurrentes (60%). Elles sont suivies respectivement par les dermatoses (24,31%) et les conjonctivites (8,48%). Les analyses physico-chimiques montrent un caractère basique des eaux des pluies et une conductivité et une faible turbidité pour les eaux des puits. Par conséquent, un programme d’aménagement, de traitement, et d’assainissement des sources d’eau s’avère indispensable pour prévenir la population des maladies hydriques.
Emotion Detection via Voice and Speech Recognition
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Anand Tushar , Sharma Shubham Kumar , Panwar Sarthak
Published: November 2023

Emotion detection from voice signals is needed for human-computer interaction (HCI), which is a difficult challenge. In the literature on speech emotion recognition, various well known speech analysis and classification methods have been used to extract emotions from signals. Deep learning strategies have recently been proposed as a workable alternative to conventional methods and discussed. Several recent studies have employed these methods to identify speech-based emotions. The review examines the databases used, the emotions collected, and the contributions to speech emotion recognition. The Speech Emotion Recognition Project was created by the research team. It recognizes human speech emotions. The research team developed the project using Python 3.6. RAVDEESS dataset was also used since it contained eight distinct emotions expressed by all speakers. The RAVDESS dataset, Python programming languages, and Pycharm as an IDE were all used by the author team.
Torsional Dynamics of Axially Graded Viscoelastic Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Arda Mustafa , Aydogdu Metin
Published: November 2023

Torsional vibration analysis of the axially functionally graded carbon nanotubes has been carried out. Nonlocal stress gradient elasticity theory has been used in continuum mechanics model of the carbon nanotube. Variation of the material properties of the axially graded nanostructure has been assumed in exponential form. Differently from the majority of literature works, viscous damping and nonlocal parameters have been assumed in grading form. Energy functional for the carbon nanotube has been achieved with minimum potential energy principle and weak form solution has been obtained with the Ritz Method. Effects of material grading, nonlocality and viscoelasticity to the torsional dynamics of axially graded carbon nanotube have been investigated. Results of the present work could be useful in modeling and production of axially functionally graded nanostructures.
The Effect of Niobium on In Situ Synthesis of Titanium Carbide in Composite Hardfacings
Authors: Yöyler Sibel , Surzhenkov Andrei , Viljus Mart , Traksmaa Rainer , Juhani Kristjan
Published: November 2023

Niobium (Nb) and titanium (Ti) react with carbon to form high-melting-point and high-hardness MC-type carbides. This study explores the in-situ synthesis of mixed NbC-TiC carbides during plasma transferred arc welding of a steel-based hardfacing. Feedstock powders consisted of stainless steel AISI 316L, TiO2, and graphite with and without 5 wt.% Nb addition. Feedstock powders were ball milled for 72 hours, then mixed with paraffine and pre-placed on the S235 steel. The cladding current was 125 A, and the plasma torch travel velocity was 1 mm/s and 0.7 mm/s. The effect of Nb on TiC generation was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Vickers hardness was also measured at the surface of hardfacings. Results show that previously formed NbC grains acted as nucleation sites for TiC precipitation. Increased torch velocity has resulted in improving distribution and decreasing agglomeration of carbon phases. Hardness tests showed that Nb and Ti increased the hardness resistance of the substrate steel.
Potential Use of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as Growth Media: The Comparison of Acid and Base Treatment
Authors: Rasyida Amaliya , Aurelia Salsa Zulfa , Intan Fikriyah L.A. , Firdausi Nuzula Nabila , Ardhyananta Hosta , Tri Wicaksono Sigit , Hidayat Mas Irfan Purbawanto
Published: November 2023

This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using water hyacinth (WH) as growth media. It was carried out using different treatments, acid, and base, characterized by microscope optic, swelling index, soil water retention, and observing the growth of mung bean seeds for seven days. The results showed that the highest swelling index was NaOH solution treatment in WH with a 2.5 – 2 cm diameter at 560%. It was also shown that soil samples using WH with NaOH treatment can retain water, enhancing mung bean seeds’ rapid growth. Therefore, this preliminary study shows the potential use of WH as growth media.
Mechanical, Thermal Properties of Virgin, Recycled and Mixed High-Density Polyethylene Matrices and Wood Plastic Composites with Plywood Sanding Dust
Authors: Kajaks Janis , Kalnins Karlis , Zalitis Martins , Matvejs Juris
Published: November 2023

Virgin high-density polyethylene (vHDPE), recycled (rHDPE), and mixed vHDPE/rHDPE matrices and wood plastic composites based on these mixtures + 50 wt.% of plywood sanding dust (PSD) and 3 wt.% coupling agent maleated polyethylene (MAPE) physical-mechanical properties (tensile, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength, and microhardness) were investigated. It was observed that all defined properties depend on the content of rHDPE in the pure polymer matrix and corresponding WPCs. Tensile strength and modulus decreased a bit, but flexural modulus actually had no changes. At the same time, a decrease in impact strength and a significant increase (up to 2 times) in microhardness are observed. From all the investigated matrices, the most perspective seems to be the matrix with a vHDPE/rHDPE ratio of 75/25, whose mechanical properties are acceptable for the preparation of the WPCs based on plywood sanding dust. The compatibilization possibilities tests of different mixed matrices done by the DSC method in the air showed that the mixed vHDPE/rHDPE compositions compatibility is sufficiently good at different proportions. For all mixed matrices, only one relatively symmetric band with one peak of melting was observed. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests in an inert environment showed that during the first heating cycle, HDPE components are only partially compatible (two peaks of melting temperatures are possible to fix). On the contrary, after the cooling and crystallization processes, during the second heating of the same sample, these two bands completely merge, and like in the air, only one maximum melting temperature peak was observed. The values of thermal oxidation temperature and melting temperature are the highest for virgin vHDPE but the lowest for rHDPE. The values of all corresponding parameters of mixed matrices reduce proportionally with an increase in rHDPE content in the mixtures.
SIKs Regulate HDAC7 Stabilization and Cytokine Recall in Late-Stage T Cell Effector Differentiation
Authors: Helms Rachel S , Marin-Gonzalez Alberto , Patel Chirag H , Sun Im-Hong , Wen Jiayu , Leone Robert D , Duvall Bridget , Gao Run-Duo , Ha Taekjip , Tsukamoto Takashi , Slusher Barbara S , Pomerantz Joel L , Powell Jonathan D
Published: November 2023

Understanding the mechanisms underlying the acquisition and maintenance of effector function during T cell differentiation is important to unraveling how these processes can be dysregulated in the context of disease and manipulated for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we report the identification of a previously unappreciated regulator of murine T cell differentiation through the evaluation of a previously unreported activity of the kinase inhibitor, BioE-1197. Specifically, we demonstrate that liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-mediated activation of salt-inducible kinases epigenetically regulates cytokine recall potential in effector CD8+ and Th1 cells. Evaluation of this phenotype revealed that salt-inducible kinase–mediated phosphorylation-dependent stabilization of histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) occurred during late-stage effector differentiation. HDAC7 stabilization increased nuclear HDAC7 levels, which correlated with total and cytokine loci-specific reductions in the activating transcription mark histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27Ac). Accordingly, HDAC7 stabilization diminished transcriptional induction of cytokine genes upon restimulation. Inhibition of this pathway during differentiation produced effector T cells epigenetically poised for enhanced cytokine recall. This work identifies a previously unrecognized target for enhancing effector T cell functionality.
Wound Bed Preparation using Nonsurgical Methods: A Prospective Comparative Study of Honey versus Unripe Papaya (Carica papaya)
Authors: Nnadozie Ugochukwu Uzodimma , Maduba Charles Chidiebele , Modekwe Victor Ifeanyichukwu , Obayi Nicodemus O. K. , Amu Okwudili Calistus , Onyebum Okechukwu Valentine , Sunday-Nweke Nneka Alice , Unigwe Uche S. D. , Obasi Ulebe Augustine
Published: November 2023

Background:

The rapidity of wound bed preparation is determined in part by the type of dressing agent employed. The extension phase in which the wound is characterized by the presence of sloughs and eschar and microbial invasion could be managed nonsurgically.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare the rapidity of wound bed preparation using unripe papaya versus honey.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-four patients were assigned into two equal groups, each dressed, respectively, with unripe papaya or honey. All selected patients were monitored for eschar separation and bacterial clearance time. Data obtained with a pro forma were analyzed with SPSS version 25.

Results:

Unripe papaya dressing had a mean eschar separation time of 5.53 ± 2.20 days and bacterial clearance time of 6.81 ± 3.64 days compared to the honey group which had an eschar separation time of 30.09 ± 27.90 days and bacterial clearance time of 15.33 ± 13.62 days. P <0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively, in comparing both outcome measures between the two groups. There was a statistically significant difference in both eschar/slough separation time and bacterial clearance time both in favor of the group prepared with unripe papaya.

Conclusion:

The use of unripe papaya was superior to honey in wound bed preparation with respect to eschar/slough separation, bacterial clearance ultimately resulting in reduced length of hospital stay.
Estimated Prevalence Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Eastern Province Children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlShamrani Foziah Jabbar , AlMohish Noor , AlJaafari Danah , AlAbdali Majed , Shariff Erum , Zafar Azra , Shahid Rizwana , AlNahdi Abdullah , AlDawsari Fahad , Ahmad Shakel , AlMoaibed Ghusoon , AlRamadhan Narjes , AlAbdulqader Munirah
Published: November 2023

Background:

Studying mental disorders in children is significantly important due to the huge suffering of educational and psychosocial impairments in adult life. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered the most common mental disorder in children, especially in early school-aged children. It manifests in about 8%–12% of children in the world. In Saudi Arabia, it affects 4%–12% of children.

Objective:

The study aimed to count the number of undiagnosed ADHD cases and the associated risk factors in Eastern Province in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was performed among girls’ and boys’ children aged 6–10 years old in Eastern Province in KSA with a random selection of parents. Sample size is equal to 1658. The assessment was done by an online questionnaire filled it by parents using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnostic criteria and Connor’s scale of ADHD excluding any developmental or mental disorder at the beginning of the questionnaire.

Results:

After excluding the participants who were diagnosed with behavioral and growth developmental disorder, the remaining 1430 have been screened for ADHD based on Connor’s scale. 185 of a child out of 1430 were suggested to have ADHD, of which 10 out of them show the signs of ADHD, 76 of them have moderately severe ADHD, and 99 out of them have atypical or severe ADHD based on Connor’s scale of ADHD. The study shows that there is a significant relationship between the positive screening of ADHD and gender males (71.35%), females (28.64%), family history (20.5%), nervous system diseases (4.32%), brain damage from trauma (9.72%), smoking habit of the mother (8.64%), smoking during pregnancy (3.78%), mother exposure to second-hand smoking (42.16%), child exposure to a toxic substance like lead during the early life (1.62%), and the preterm labor (15.13%). However, the study shows there is no significant relationship between the positive screening of ADHD with age, drinking alcohol, and central nervous system infection.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of undiagnosed ADHD is slightly high. Also, it has many causes of ADHD including gender, smoking, parental psychiatric disorders, and obstetric and pregnancy problems.
Study the Association between Spirometry Based Functional Grading and Six Minute Walk Distance in Chronic Respiratory Disease Patients at a Rural Tertiary Care Centre of India
Authors: Yadav Prashant , Mishra Ajay Kumar , Kumar Adesh , Gupta Ashish Kumar , Gautam Aditya Kumar , Singh Naresh Pal
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Six-min walk test (6MWT) is easy to use, the least expensive, and a quick measure of physical function and it reflects the capacity to perform our day-to-day activities hence quality of life can be assessed with 6MWT. This study was planned to assess the role of 6MWT in chronic respiratory disease patients and its association with spirometry-based functional grading at a rural tertiary care center of northern India.

Materials and Methods:

This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study done between December 2019 and July 2021. In this study, 110 patients were included as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. 6MWT and spirometry were conducted as per the American Thoracic Society/European Research Society recommendation using Spiropalm 6MWT and the association between 6MWT and spirometry was assessed.

Results:

A total of 110 chronic respiratory disease patients were included in the study. There were 69 (63%) males while 41 (37%) were females. Among study participants, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients were the most common 48 (43.6%) patients, followed by asthma 28 (25.5%), posttuberculosis sequelae patients 22 (20%), interstitial lung disease 9 (8.2%), and bronchiectasis 3 (2.7%) patients were found. There was a significant positive correlation of 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and % predicted 6MWD with spirometric parameters, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and there was a significant positive correlation of 6MWD with FEV1% (predicted) also. 6MWD and % predicted 6MWD negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC and association between 6MWD and FEV1/FVC was not statistically significant and between % predicted 6MWD and FEV1/FVC, it was found statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The 6MWD traveled by chronic respiratory disease patients was significantly lower than the predicted 6MWD and 6MWD correlated with spirometric variables well. Therefore, it can conclude that 6MWT is a useful alternative of spirometry in the management of chronic respiratory disease patients in resource-limited settings.