bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Paciente-problema”: imaginário coletivo de enfermeiros acerca do usuário com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia
Authors: Rosa Débora Cristina Joaquina , Lima Daiane Marcia de , Miranda Lilian , Peres Rodrigo Sanches
Published: April 2021

Resumo O estudo teve por objetivo compreender crenças e emoções acerca do usuário com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia vigentes no imaginário coletivo de enfermeiros inseridos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa pautado pelo método investigativo psicanalítico. Os participantes foram 15 enfermeiros que atuavam no referido nível de atenção em saúde de uma cidade de médio porte. A coleta de dados foi realizada com o emprego do Procedimento de Desenho-Estória com Tema (PDE-T) e a análise de dados buscou captar campos de sentido mediante a execução dos movimentos técnicos preconizados para a operacionalização do método investigativo psicanalítico. Verificou-se que, de modo não-consciente, o usuário com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia é representado negativamente no imaginário coletivo dos participantes, pois é visto como alguém inconveniente, que cria alvoroço e desperta medo, sobretudo devido à sua “agitação” supostamente típica. Assim, deparar-se com tal usuário corresponde, para os participantes, a uma situação a ser “resolvida” com rapidez. Este estudo, portanto, demarca dificuldades no tocante à atenção em saúde mental oferecida ao usuário com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, as quais estão relacionadas a elementos não-conscientes da subjetividade grupal que, ao mesmo tempo, possuem caráter social e individual.
Barreiras à implementação das Diretrizes Nacionais de Assistência ao Parto Normal: uma análise prototípica das representações sociais de atores estratégicos
Authors: Vidal Ávila Teixeira , Come Yamilla , Barreto Jorge Otávio , Rattner Daphne
Published: April 2021

Resumo Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar as representações sociais de atores estratégicos envolvidos na assistência ou gestão em saúde, sobre as questões que envolvem a mulher, o parto e o nascimento, buscando identificar e compreender barreiras à implementação das Diretrizes Nacionais de Assistência ao Parto Normal. Realizou-se estudo qualitativo descritivo, de corte transversal, baseado num teste de associação livre de palavras, com 12 atores estratégicos. As palavras - Parto; Enfermeira obstétrica; Nascimento; Médico obstetra; Mãe; Complicação; Mulher - foram selecionadas a partir de uma análise textual das contribuições da sociedade na Consulta Pública das Diretrizes, com o software IRaMuTeQ. A análise do resultado do teste de associação de palavras foi realizada na abordagem estrutural das Representações Sociais, com os softwares OpenEVOC e IRaMuTeQ. Foram identificadas como potenciais barreiras à implementação as representações sobre parto associado a dor, o médico obstetra como obstrutor e os estereótipos que marcam o papel da mulher e da mãe na sociedade. Compreender essas representações é importante para evidenciar as convenções que subjazem nas atitudes e práticas de profissionais e usuárias, possibilitando a definição de estratégias específicas para cada grupo.
Educação antirracista no contexto político e acadêmico: tensões e deslocamentos
Authors: Silva Marcos Antonio Batista da
Published: April 2021

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir ações de movimentos sociais, em particular do movimento negro brasileiro, e movimentos sociais afroperuanos no Peru visando uma educação antirracista. Procura-se chamar a atenção sobre a discussão contemporânea que aborda raça e antirracismo na produção de conhecimento e nas políticas públicas educacionais no Brasil e Peru, além de uma aproximação do uso de categorias étnico-raciais em contextos censitários destes países. Um modo abrangente de abordar a questão inicia-se por pensar quais as dimensões implicadas no fenômeno sujeito a mensuração, e como as mesmas seriam operacionalizadas pelo Estado e sociedade. Este trabalho fundamenta-se na perspectiva teórica de autores contemporâneos sobre relações étnico-raciais e desigualdades educacionais. No campo metodológico utiliza-se a proposta da análise crítica do discurso, de Teun Van Dijk. A primeira parte apresenta uma discussão sobre a construção social da raça nos padrões de dominação e poder. Na segunda parte propõe-se uma discussão sobre categorias étnico-raciais nos contextos censitários da sociedade brasileira e peruana. Apreende-se que tais categorias podem ser cultural e politicamente elaboradas a partir de processos históricos complexos. A terceira parte aborda reflexões sobre a emergência de uma educação antirracista nas sociedades contemporâneas com ênfase para o Brasil e Peru. Conclui-se que é fundamental dialogar com alternativas que têm sido formuladas pelos movimentos sociais negros, em particular nas sociedades brasileira e peruana, que questionam a produção e disseminação do conhecimento eurocêntrico, desvelando o racismo, e considerando as relações de poder, em especial no âmbito educacional.
Perfil epidemiológico de uma coorte de gestantes sintomáticas com suspeita de Zika no estado de São Paulo, 2015-2018
Authors: Martins Renata Soares , Froes Michele Higa , Katz Gizelda , Sato Ana Paula Sayuri
Published: April 2021

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico de gestantes com suspeita de infeção pelo vírus Zika, notificadas no Sistema de Vigilância às Emergências em Saúde Pública, do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, seu espectro de anormalidades e/ou resultados da gestação. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo de uma coorte de gestantes sintomáticas com suspeita de infecção pelo vírus Zika, residentes no estado de São Paulo, notificadas no período 2015-2018 e o resultado de sua gestação. Resultados: Das 2.329 gestantes estudadas, 29,3% foram confirmadas com a infeção, na quase metade solteiras (44,8%), a maioria de raça/cor da pele branca (74,2%), com ensino médio completo (53,6%), e concentradas no nordeste do estado. A proporção de recém-nascidos com anomalias do sistema nervoso central foi de aproximadamente 4,0%. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados caracterizam a transmissão do vírus Zika em São Paulo e podem subsidiar ações de saúde pública nos locais com maior risco de transmissão da doença.
Utilização de serviços de saúde e fatores associados, entre estudantes da Universidade Federal de Pelotas: estudo transversal, 2018
Authors: Könsgen Bruno Iorio , Nunes Bruno Pereira , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Tomasi Elaine
Published: April 2021

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a utilização de serviços de saúde e fatores associados, entre universitários. Métodos: Estudo transversal, aplicado em amostra de 2.708 estudantes da Universidade Federal de Pelotas entre novembro de 2017 e julho de 2018. Resultados: Dos 1.865 estudantes incluídos, 55,8% utilizaram serviços de saúde nos últimos 12 meses, 39,3% utilizaram serviços especializados, e 22,6%, as unidades básicas de saúde (UBS); 45,9% utilizaram serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS); e 49,1% utilizaram os serviços de saúde por motivo de prevenção. Houve maior utilização de serviços entre o sexo feminino (razão de prevalências, RP=1,34 - 1,23;1,46) e estudantes com necessidades de saúde (RP=1,51 - IC95% 1,40;1,63). Apresentaram associação com maior financiamento-SUS a UBS (83,0% [IC95%77,3;87,5]), o pronto-socorro (81,3% [IC95% 73,2;87,5]) e o pronto atendimento (83,6% [IC95% 76,2;89,0]). Conclusão: A análise indicou que mulheres e pessoas com necessidades utilizaram mais os serviços de saúde, e que o SUS foi o principal financiador desses serviços.
The latest trend in neuromuscular monitoring: return of the electromyography
Authors: Lee Wonjin
Published: April 2021

To reduce the risk of residual neuromuscular blockade, neuromuscular monitoring must be performed. Acceleromyography (AMG)-based neuromuscular monitoring was regarded as “clinical gold standard” and widely applied. However, issues related to patient’s posture and overestimation of train-of-four ratio associated with AMG-based neuromuscular monitoring have increased. Recently, electromyography (EMG)-based neuromuscular monitoring is receiving renewed attention, since it overcomes AMG’s weaknesses. However, both AMG-based and EMG-based systems are useful when certain considerations are followed. Ultimately, to assure the patient’s good outcomes, the choice of monitoring system is not as important as the monitoring itself, which should be always implemented in such patients.
Seramik Ön Yüzlü Çelik Zırhlarda Balistik Hasar Sonrası Çelik Kısmında Oluşan Deformasyonun İncelenmesi
Authors: KALAYCIOĞLU Barış , ONGUN Alemdar
Published: April 2021

Günümüzde birçok çalışma konusunda olduğu gibi, zırh tasarımında da sayısal analizler, balistik deney imkânlarının azlığı ve bir hayli maliyetli olması sebebiyle öncelikli olarak tercih edilir hale gelmiştir. Ancak sayısal analizler ile deneysel sonuçların örtüşmesi, sayısal analizlerin doğrulanması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, uygun malzemelerle geliştirilmiş seramik ön yüze sahip çelik zırh sisteminin 7,62 mm kalibreli mermi darbesi sonucu arka yüzeyindeki çelik plakada oluşan plastik deformasyon durumu analitik ve sayısal analizler yardımıyla incelenmiş ve balistik deney sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Zırh sisteminde seramik ön yüzey için 10 mm kalınlığında Alümina (Al2O3) altıgen seramikler kullanılmış ve arka yüzey için S235JR çeliğinden üretilmiş 6 mm kalınlığında plaka tercih edilmiştir. Analitik hesaplamalarda çelik plakada oluşan deformasyona ait sehim eğrisi matematiksel model yardımıyla hesaplanmış ve Matlab programında geliştirilen bir ara yüz ile çizdirilmiştir. Matematiksel modelin oluşturulmasında toplam plastik gerinim enerjisi ve efektif gerilme-gerinim denklemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çelik plakanın mermi darbesine karşı göstermiş olduğu balistik davranışın sayısal analizleri Ansys/Explicit Dynamic (17.1) sonlu eleman programında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sayısal analizde çelik malzeme modeli olarak yüksek hızlarda plastik şekil değişimine imkân sağlayan Johnson-Cook malzeme modeli, seramik malzeme modeli olarak ise Johnson-Holmquist malzeme modeli seçilmiştir. Seramik ön yüzlü çelik zırh sisteminin balistik deneyleri, sayısal analiz modeline uygun olarak üretilen zırh numunesi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda çelik plakada oluşan sehim eğrileri ve maksimum deformasyon değerleri deney sonuçları ile ayrı ayrı karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre tüm yöntemlerde sehim eğrilerinin uyum içinde olduğu, plakada oluşan maksimum deformasyon için analitik sonuçların %15, sayısal sonuçların ise %14 farkla deneysel sonuçlara yakınsadığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Yeni Savaş Ortamında Eski Bir Aktör: Yabancı Terörist Savaşçılar ve Yeni Çatışmalardaki Rolleri
Authors: ÇONA Ömer
Published: April 2021

Vatandaşı olmadığı devletlerin ordularında çeşitli saiklerle savaşan kişilerin yarattığı yabancı savaşçılık fenomeni, günümüzde değişen motivasyonlarla sürmektedir. Savaşlar ise amaçsal düzeyde aynı kalmakla birlikte araç, süre, biçim ve aktörlerinde değişiklik arz eden bir yapıya bürünmüştür. Kuvvet kullanma tekelinin giderek devlet dışı aktörlerle paylaşıldığı bir dünyada savaşlar, devletler arası seviyeden hızla devlet içi düzeye doğru evrilmektedir. Böylece yeni savaş ortamında düzenli ordular yerine yabancı terörist savaşçılar, paralı askerler ve özel askerî şirket elemanları gibi devlet dışı silahlı aktörlerin görünürlüğü giderek artmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada, savaşların değişen doğası içerisinde yabancı savaşçıların üstlendiği roller analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu maksatla savaşın değişimi ve yabancı savaşçılık konusuyla ilgili kaynaklar incelenmiş ve bunların analizinde tarihsel-betimleyici bir yöntem benimsenmiştir. Sonuç kısmında ise yeni savaş ortamıyla birlikte, geleneksel yabancı savaşçılık olgusunun da dönüşüme uğrayarak vekâlet savaşı, terörizm ve ayaklanma hareketi gibi asimetrik savaş ortamı ile bütünleştiği hususunda elde edilen bulgular ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
When guns govern public health: Examining the implications of the militarised COVID-19 pandemic response for democratisation and human rights in Uganda
Authors: Nkuubi James
Published: April 2021

The article is premised on the hypothesis that the Uganda Peoples' Defence Force (UPDF) and the attendant auxiliary forces are not an ideal force for domestic deployment in contending with public health pandemics such as COVID-19. The UPDF has been the main architectural tool that has been deployed by the National Resistance Movement party, a former guerilla movement, to perpetuate militarisation in the country for the past 30 years. The conduct, power, authority and prominent position accorded to the UPDF in the management of COVID-19 and the enforcement of the prevention measures laid bare this reality. Thus, unlike in other jurisdictions where the militaries were deployed because of their superior capability to adapt and provide extra and immediate professional services to support the civilian authorities, in Uganda this deployment was different. It was informed by the long-held and widely-documented belief by the President of Uganda, Museveni, that the UPDF, which developed from his personal guerrilla army of the National Resistance Army (NRA), only holds a legitimate vision for the country and is far more reliable. The COVID-19 pandemic, therefore, was an opportunity to continue the deliberate build-up and normalisation of the infiltration of the military in what have hitherto been spheres of operation for the civil and public servants. Thus, a critical question arises as to whether the primary motivation factor for the UPDF deployment was political, to accentuate the presidency of Museveni in power through militarisation. The question is also whether any positive harvests from the deployment of the military in the fight against COVID-19 were unintended consequences and, if they did materialise, how they were used to further glorify the centrality of the military in dealing with societal crises, further entrenching militarism. The article concludes with some recommendations emphasising the need for accountability - more so, parliamentary oversight in the deployment of the military in such situations to counter a breach of rights and freedoms. Additionally, this would check the current trend of the executive having the exclusive power to deploy the military, making it susceptible to hijacking and eventual politicisation and militarisation.
Age or maturity? African children's right to participate in medical decision-making processes
Authors: Fokala Elvis , Rudman Annika
Published: April 2021

This article advocates an approach to children's participation in medical decision-making processes guided by the rationality of the best interests' principle, a child's evolving capacity and a child's age. Using a human rights-based approach, rooted in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Children's Charter, it seeks to elucidate the contested three-way partnership between the child, its parent(s) and the assigned physician(s), which plays out in relation to most medical procedures involving children. In analysing legislation and case law, the article further aims to clarify the complex relationship between age and maturity in child participation; to facilitate a child's involvement in the three-way partnership; and to suggest the statutory recognition of an age indicator in domestic African law in relation to medical procedures.
Childhood sexuality in Africa: A child rights perspective
Authors: Kangaude Godfrey Dalitso , Bhana Deevia , Skelton Ann
Published: April 2021

It is an undeniable fact that children in Africa face many challenges in their sexual health and development trajectories. One of the challenges that children face is ideological, that is, the social construction of childhood sexuality and the effects of that construction on law and policy and on what information and services children may access regarding sex and sexuality. Adults tend to represent children as sexually innocent and incompetent, and their actions toward children focus on preserving this sexual innocence and averting sexual risks. The article discusses how this ideological positioning of children shapes sexuality education, and the criminalisation of sexual conduct between consenting adolescents. Legal instruments and related interpretive instruments such as court judgments and the General Comments and Recommendations of treaty-monitoring bodies play an important role as they construct meanings of childhood sexuality that align with or contradict dominant representations of childhood as sexual innocence which has effects for children's sexual rights. The article analyses how General Comments of the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the African Committee of Experts have represented childhood sexuality. It argues for the transformation of views about children toward perceiving children as having sexual agency to the extent of their evolving capacities, as a prerequisite to addressing challenges that children face in Africa relating to sexuality. It recommends that the African Committee of Experts should, in its interpretation of the African Children's Charter, construct childhood sexuality positively to represent children as sexual agents rather than positioning them as sexually innocent which also implies viewing any sexual activity of the child as inherently harmful or as a mark of deviance or corruption.
Vulnerability as a human rights variable: African and European developments
Authors: Heikkilà Mikaela , Mustaniemi-Laakso Maija
Published: April 2021

In human rights law the concept of vulnerability is increasingly being used to attract attention to the fact that people are differently resilient and that some are more prone to harm than others. Its use as a legal concept, however, is still embryotic and opens up to several questions. By scrutinising how the judicial bodies within two regional human rights systems - the African and the European - have referred to and used the concept, the article discusses the nature and function of vulnerability in interpreting rights. Discussing the function and the conceptualisation of vulnerability in such practice, it argues that although the idea of special protection implicit in the vulnerability thinking is not revolutionary as such, vulnerability argumentation may be seen as a supplementary safety mechanism, which can be used to widen and deepen the scope of measures of protection in cases where 'regular' protection is not enough to ensure the effective realisation of rights. At the same time, the article cautions against taking the neutrality of the vulnerability concept for given, as the use of the vulnerability reasoning may also lend itself to the selective protection of rights.
Knelpunte by regsbeskerming van inheemse spirituele kennis, openbaredomein-gebaseerde inligting en die implementering van die bestaande normkomplekse ter regulering van intellektueelgoedereregte in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg
Authors: Raath A , VerhoefI G
Published: April 2021

In 'n vorige artikel is daarop gewys dat die voorgenome beskerming van inheemse kennis ingevolge Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing 'n groot impak op openbaredomein-gebaseerde kennis sal hê. In daaropvolgende navorsing is aangetoon dat die effek van die addisionele sui generis-beskerming van inheemse kennis 'n onoorsigtelike spektrum van openbaredomein-gebaseerde kennis affekteer en dat inheemse groeppersone eiendomsregte staan te verwerf, wat 'n groot spektrum van openbaredomein-gebaseerde kennis privatiseer. Ten einde die effek van die inwerkingtreding van die betrokke wetgewing op die beskerming van spirituele kennis van inheemse gemeenskappe te bepaal, moet op die verband tussen inheemsekennisbeskerming en ubuntu-georiënteerde spirituele kennis gewys word, asook die effek daarvan op inheemsekennisbeskerming as 'n kategorie van die beskerming van kulturele kennis. Hoewel die verband wat ubuntu-spiritualiteit met inheemse kennis handhaaf, nie spesifiek in die betrokke wetgewing aangedui word nie, is dit implisiet ingesluit by die omvattende omskrywing van inheemse kennis in die IK-Wet, 2019. Die Wet definieer "inheemse kennis" as kennis wat binne 'n inheemse gemeenskap ontwikkel is, welke kennis in die kulturele of sosiale identiteit van sodanige gemeenskap opgeneem is, en sluit die volgende in: (a) kennis van funksionele aard; (b) kennis van natuurlike hulpbronne; en (c) inheemse kultuuruitdrukkings (artikel 1). "Kulturele en sosiale identiteit" word vervolgens beskryf as die spesifieke onderskeidende identiteit of eienskappe ("characteristics") van 'n bepaalde groep, of van 'n individu vir sover sodanige individu deur sy/haar lidmaatskap van 'n bepaalde groep of kultuur beïnvloed is (artikel 1). Ingevolge die vereistes ter beskerming van inheemse kennis ingevolge artikel 11, word spirituele kennis wat met ubuntu geassosieer word, by inheemse kennis ingesluit, synde (a) kennis wat binne inheemse gemeenskappe van geslag tot geslag oorgedra is; (b) binne inheemse gemeenskappe ontwikkel is; en (c) met die kulturele en sosiale identiteit van sodanige inheemse gemeenskappe geïdentifiseer word (artikel 11). Teen dié agtergrond word twee vrae in hierdie artikel vir bespreking uitgesonder: (a) Wat is die implikasies van die insluiting van ubuntu-gebaseerde spiritualiteit by die intellektuele goedere wat in die nuwe wetgewing ter beskerming van inheemse kennis uitgesonder word?, en (b) in welke mate is dié inheemseregbeskerming belyn met die bestaande normkomplekse ter regulering van intellek-tuele goederegte?
Kerk en reg in die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerkorde van 2015
Authors: Strauss P
Published: April 2021

Johannes Calvyn en die gereformeerdes aanvaar nie Sohm se stelling in 1892 dat die kerk geestelik en die reg wérelds is nie. Wat hulle betref, het God die wêreld as 'n eenheid in 'n verskeidenheid geskape met geen spanning tussen enige kante daarvan nie. Boonop funksioneer elke aksie van die kerk as 'n geloofsverband onder leiding van die geloof in alle aspekte van die werklikheid. Die samehang tussen die kern van hierdie aspekte lé beginsels vir so 'n geloofsaksie bloot: 'n geloofsaksie wat ook 'n regskant het. Die Kerkorde van 2015 van die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk (voortaan NGKO-2015) vertoon regskante by die ampte, vergaderings, arbeid, tug en betrekkinge van die kerk na buite - die temas van die hoofstukke van hierdie Kerkorde. Sodanige gegewe illustreer die samehang tussen kerk en reg. Daarby noodsaak hierdie samehang die aanvaarding deur die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk (voortaan NG Kerk) van die regsordes van die state - onder meer die Republiek van Suid-Afrika - waarbinne hy bestaan.
Conceptualising the home in law and gender
Authors: Robbertze Gadiël , Muller Gustav
Published: April 2021

The "home" forms a central part of life and it finds relevance in various other legal spheres. However, for such a central point of reference in law and everyday life, it still remains a somewhat vague notion without any discernible meaning in law. Due to the centrality of the home in law and everyday life, it seems necessary to have a coherent understanding of it. Various legal writers and judgments have acknowledged the underdeveloped nature of home in law and have broadly attempted to give home a space in law. Unfortunately, these interpretations of the home fall short and do not encompass all the positive values of home. This article, therefore, considers how gender factors affect the understanding of home and how the law holds some power to structure and restructure gendered relations which stand in the way of achieving a positive interpretation of the home.
Short-term comparison of the use of static and expandable intramedullary rods in the lower limbs of children with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: de Jager Louis J , Mare Pieter Η , Thompson David Μ , Marais Leonard C
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Children with osteogenesis imperfecta suffer from frequent fractures and deformities due to skeletal fragility. Stabilisation of fractures, correction of deformity and intramedullary rodding result in decreased pain and improved function. Modern expandable intramedullary rods aim to provide lasting stability during growth, without an increase in complications. The aim of our study was to determine and compare the outcome of static Rush rods and expandable Fassier-Duval rods in terms of complications and reoperation rate. METHODS: We reviewed the records of a cohort of 17 children (seven female) with osteogenesis imperfecta (11 Sillence type III, six Sillence type IV) who were treated with intramedullary rods in the lower limb between 2011 and 2017. They had 64 rodding (38 femoral and 26 tibial) procedures (26 Rush rods and 38 Fassier-Duval rods). These were a primary procedure in 46, and a revision procedure after previous Rush rodding in 18 cases. RESULTS: The overall complication rate was 66% (n=42). There was a higher complication rate in the Rush rod group (81%, n=21) when compared to the Fassier-Duval group (55%, n=21)(p=0.035). The most frequent complication in the Rush rod group was distal deformity as the rod is outgrown (69%, n=18). The most frequent complication in the Fassier-Duval rod group was intramedullary migration due to a failure to expand (45%, n=17). Factors that were associated with increased risk of complications included younger age (p=0.031), type of rod (p=0.035), and deformity as an indication for surgery (77% complications, p=0.033). At a mean follow-up of 3.1 years, the reoperation rate in the Rush rod group was 58% (n=15). Comparatively, at a mean of 3.7 years follow-up, there were no reoperations in the Fassier-Duval group. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the numerous innovations, the surgical management of lower limb deformities and fractures in children with osteogenesis imperfecta remains challenging with a relatively high complication rate. The use of Fassier-Duval rods may result in a lower reoperation rate when compared to Rush rods, in the short term. Level of evidence: Level 4 Keywords: osteogenesis imperfecta, intramedullary rod, Rush rod, Fassier-Duval rod, fracture, deformity
The management of chronic osteomyelitis in adults: outcomes of an integrated approach
Authors: Venter Rudolph G , Tanwar Yashwant S , Grey Jan-Petrus , Ferreira Nando
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study presents the outcomes of the management of chronic osteomyelitis of the appendicular skeleton according to an integrated approach at a dedicated bone infection unit in South Africa. METHODS: A retrospective record review identified 80 patients who were treated between January 2016 and December 2018. RESULTS: Sixty patients (75%) presented with fracture-related infections, 17 patients (21%) developed chronic osteomyelitis following haematogenous spread and three (4%) from contiguous wounds. According to the Cierny and Mader classification, 21 patients presented with anatomical type I, 14 with type II, 24 with type III and 21 with type IV chronic osteomyelitis. Positive microbial cultures were obtained in 63 (79%) cases. Follow-up for the cohort ranged from 1 to 29 months, with a mean follow-up of 10.4 months. The overall complication rate for the cohort was 6% and included sterile drainage from the surgical site after management with bioactive glass (S53P4), refracture after hardware removal, and development of non-union. Five patients experienced recurrence after the initial procedure to eradicate infection, resulting in an overall resolution rate of 94%. CONCLUSION: Using single-stage surgeries and tailored dead space management strategies according to a comprehensive integrated approach developed in South Africa, results comparable to international literature can be achieved. Level of evidence: Level 4. Keywords: chronic osteomyelitis, dead space management, bioactive glass, Lautenbach technique
Increasing the specific impulse of the ion engine by zone engineering of the solid-state field cathode
Authors:   Mytishchi Branch of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University), Russian Federation, Petrov Nikolay ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Antonova Tamara ,   D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow
Published: April 2021

With the rapid development of space technology, the scale of human space exploration is expanding significantly. However, the growing demand for deep space travel cannot be met with conventional chemical engines. Thus, the need for new mechanisms for providing jet thrust, including electric motors, becomes clear. Electric propulsion technology has significant advantages over traditional chemical engines in deep space flight due to its characteristics such as high specific impulse, small size, long service life. A negative feature of electric motors can be called low thrust, however, firstly, in open space this is insignificant and, secondly, the thrust of electric motors can be significantly increased, and for this, there are reserves available at the current level of technology development. Ways to increase the thrust of electric ion thrusters will be detailed and discussed in this work. The increase in the power of ion engines is limited to a large extent by the erosion of the control grids; the ion flow hits the surface of the solid material of the control grid electrode with energetic ions and gradually leads to the failure of this electrode. In this work, the authors will show that the use of field emission as a source of electron beams ionizing the working medium can solve the problem of erosion of control electrodes, due to which it will be possible to significantly increase the strength of the working fields for ion engines, which in turn will increase the specific impulse, efficiency, flow rate and power of the ion engine as a whole.
Dichotomy. Dichotomy? Dichotomy! A modified method of dichotomy for solution of nonlinear scalar equations and some results of its investigation
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Russian Federation, Maistrenko Andrey , Maistrenko Konstantin ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Russian Federation, Svetlakov Anatoliy ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Russian Federation
Published: April 2021

Introduction: when creating modern automatic control systems for various processes and objects operating in real time, very often one has to face the problem of solving various kinds of nonlinear scalar equations. In the first part of this work entitled “Dichotomy. Dichotomy? Dichotomy!: fundamentals, terminology problems and inspection analysis of the dichotomy method”, a modified version of the dichotomy method was proposed, which has all the main advantages of the modified method. This method has a number of advantages in comparison with other methods for solving nonlinear equations, but at present it has not found wide practical use. The main reason for its low popularity is a low rate of convergence of the sequence of approximate solutions, and a large amount of computation required to obtain sufficiently accurate solutions. Purpose of the study: to propose a modified version of the dichotomy method, which allows one to obtain more rapidly converging sequences of approximate solutions to nonlinear scalar equations and requires significantly less computations required to obtain solutions with the desired accuracy, to illustrate, a higher convergence rate of the sequence of approximate solutions calculated using the modified dichotomy method by solving a number of specific nonlinear equations and, thereby, to substantiate the advantage of the new method for its use in creating various automatic control and regulation systems. Results: a modification of the method for dividing a segment in half is proposed, which has all the main advantages of the modified method. The results of solving 4 nonlinear equations are presented illustrating a higher rate of convergence of solutions calculated using the proposed modification. Practical significance: the research results can be used in the development of modern automatic control systems for various technological processes and objects.
Zinc-nickel alloy coatings: electrodeposition kinetics, corrosion, and selective dissolution. A review
Authors: Burliaev Dmitrii V. , Kozaderov Oleg A. , Volovitch Polina
Published: April 2021

A review of the literature is devoted to the patterns of the electrodeposition of zinc-nickel alloys including the kinetics of cathodic reduction of zinc, nickel, and zinc-nickel alloys in ammonium chloride, sulphate, and glycinate deposition electrolytes. We studied the data on the effectiveness of the corrosion resistance of zinc-nickel coatings and summarised the principal patterns of selective dissolution of the Zn-Ni alloys. The role of the addition of glycine to an ammonium chloride deposition electrolyte was determined in the modification of the morphological and anticorrosive properties of the coatings.
Luminescent properties of colloidal mixtures of Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots and gold nanoparticles
Authors: Ovchinnikov Oleg V. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Grevtseva Irina G. , Derepko Violetta N. , Chevychelova Tamara A. , Leonova Liana Yu. , Perepelitsa Aleksey S. , Kondratenko Tamara S.
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study is to establish spectral-luminescent interaction effects in mixtures of colloidal Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots passivated with 2-mercaptopropionic acid and Au and Au/SiO2nanoparticles. The studied samples of Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots, Au and Au/SiO2 nanoparticles and their mixtures were obtained by methods of colloidal synthesis and were characterised using transmission electron microscopy. The absorption, luminescence and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy were used as the main investigation methods. The measurements were carried out at temperatures of 77 K and 300 K. The spectral-luminescent properties of “free” Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots and those interacting with Au and Au/SiO2 nanoparticles were compared. It was found that the luminescence properties of Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots can be controlled under conditions of changing plasmon-exciton coupling achieved during the formation of a dielectric SiO2 shell  on the surface of Au nanoparticles as well as a result of a polymer introduced into the colloidal mixture.
Strategies for Green Economy in China
Authors:   Harbin Engineering University, Steblyanskaya Alina , Ai Mingye ,   Harbin Engineering University, Bocharnikov Vladimir ,   Pacific Geographical InstitutePacific Geographical Institute, Denisov Artem ,   Kostroma State University
Published: April 2021

The transition to a “green” economic model is a complex strategic task that requires a combination of two previously incompatible development vectors: maintaining dynamic economic growth and preserving the natural environment on a long-term basis. No country has yet been able to cope with such complexity, nevertheless, an active search for a new balanced model continues, with the development of appropriate strategies. China is among the countries moving in this direction. The article analyzes the influence of social, economic, and environmental factors on the prospects for the development of a green economy and the preservation of natural areas in China. The dynamics of changes in the ecological situation from 1970 to 2018 is investigated. The authors propose a methodology for assessing the state of the environment based on demographic dynamics, economic indicators, and the level of technological development. Over the past 50 years, China has experienced intensive industrial development, as a result of which the degradation of valuable natural assets is increasing in most regions. At the same time, efforts are being made in a number of provinces to remedy the situation through the formulation of new policies, the first results of which have been already visible. The government has established a new environmental legislation designed to scale the green practices of the pioneering regions throughout the country, including the trend toward the de-urbanization of individual megacities and others. The implementation of this strategy will be facilitated by the expansion of interdisciplinary scientific research, the development of complex technological solutions, and development programs that simultaneously take into account various factors.
Foresight for Small and Medium Enterprises in the Context of the Circular Economy
Authors:   Universidad de Las Americas, Anzules-Falcones Wendy , Diaz-Marquez Angela Maria ,   Universidad de Las Americas, Padilla Leon ,   Universidad de Las Americas, Hernan-Hidalgo Daniel ,   Universidad de Las Americas, Sanchez-Grisales David ,   Universidad de Las Americas
Published: April 2021

Small, medium, and micro enterprises make important contributions to economic growth and employment. Based on evidence from of the tire processing industry in Ecuador, this article assesses the development prospects for such companies in the context of the transition to a circular economy. The methodological basis of the study is scenario planning. Five scenario hypotheses are proposed and the probability of their implementation is estimated. The most optimal scenario (in which all five hypotheses are realized) is feasible and subject to a set of measures, including the development of new management and marketing tools, the involvement of universities and research centers in the creation of new low-cost waste processing technologies, and the organization of a special fund to support research and development in companies focused on the circular model.
Corporate Practices of Green Human Resources Management
Authors:   Islamic Azad University, Bazrkar Ardeshir , Moshiripour Ali ,   Islamic Azad University
Published: April 2021

Green education and development has a great impact upon improving the environmental performance of companies. Using the example of Iranian small and medium-sized oil and gas enterprises, the article evaluates the practices’ effect on environmental performance. The survey covered 386 employees from 30 companies. The most common measures of green human resources management were analyzed. All these practices have a positive and significant effect on the environmental performance of companies. The action of green education and development was introduced as the most effective measure. The results also demonstrated that four practices of green human resources management have a positive and significant impact upon performance due to environmental knowledge. Companies can use the findings of this research in implementing the green human resources management practices and continuous improvement of the environmental performance.
Yeast two-hybrid interaction assay v1
Authors: Bonhivers Mélanie , Sahin Anne-Lise , LANDREIN Nicolas
Published: April 2021

Protein-protein interaction can be tested using yeast two-hybrid assays. The bait protein is fused to the Gal4 DNA-binding domain (BD) and the prey is fused to the Gal4 transcriptional activation domain (AD) are both expressed in the same yeast cell. Activation of the reporter genes occurs only if bait and prey interact.
Televizyon Dizileri, Toplumsal Farkindalik Ve Otizm: “Mucize Doktor” Dizisi Örneği
Authors: YENER İlkkan , GEÇER Ekmel
Published: April 2021

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB), erken dönemde başlayan, dil gelişimi, davranış ve sosyal etkileşim gibi temel fonksiyonların gelişmesinde gecikmeleri de kapsayan karmaşık bir gelişimsel yetersizliktir. İlgili literatür incelendiğinde, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) çalışmalarının genellikle tıp, psikoloji veya eğitim bilimleri alanında yapıldığı gözlemlenmiş; ancak kitle iletişim araçlarının, otizmin farkındalığına yönelik sağlayabileceği katkının üzerinde araştırmacıların çok fazla durmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Çalışma, bu nedenle, dünyada gitgide sayısı artan ve henüz üç çeyrek asır önce tanımlanan OSB farkındalığına yönelik televizyon dizilerinin etkisini ortaya koyabilmek için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada; televizyon dizilerinin, Gerbner tarafından oluşturulan Ekme Kuramından yola çıkılarak, tutum, davranış ve düşünce hayatımızı etkilemek suretiyle otizm konusunda farkındalık oluşturup oluşturmadığı irdelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda “Mucize Doktor” dizisi analiz edilerek bireyler üzerinde oluşturduğu etki değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına, 20 kişiden oluşan iki ayrı odak grubu yapılarak ulaşılmıştır. Zira odak grubu metodu, izleyici etkileşiminin anlaşılmasına yardımcı olan önemli araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olarak karşımızda durmaktadır. Nihayetinde çalışmada, televizyon dizilerinin OSB farkındalığına yönelik olumlu etki ettig􀇍i sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
A BRIEF LITERATURE ON PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF MATHEMATICAL AND STOCHASTIC MODELLING
Authors: Et. al. C.Narayana ,
Published: April 2021

This research article mainly explores on problems and perspectives of mathematical and stochastic modeling. There is a large element of compromise in mathematical modelling. The majority of interacting systems in the real world are far too complicated to model in their entirely.In this research paper an extensive discussion has been made on linear models,nonlinear models,static models,dynamic models.A comparative study is done between the pairs explicit and implicit model,discrete and continuous model,deterministic and probabilistic model. In this talk a brief discussion on different types of models has been proposed and the concept of stages of model building is extensively discussed.Problems of stochastic model building are presented in a lucid manner and this literature is highly helpful for young researchers in stochastic modeling.
A NOTE ON ΑIG- CLOSURE AND ΑIG- INTERIOR IN IDEAL TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
Authors: Et. al. D. Vinodhini,
Published: April 2021

The concepts of αIg- closure, αIg- interior and αIg- boundary of a subset of an ideal topological space (X, t, I) are introduced in this article.  Some of their basic properties are proven. Furthermore, the relationships between these sets are investigated to get the best of them. Also, it is established that αIg- closure is a Kuratowski closure operator on (X, t, I) under certain conditions.
WORK FROM HOME AT IT COMPANIES– THE NEW NORMAL
Authors: Et. al. Dr. S. Seethalakshmi ,
Published: April 2021

Work from Home” has become the new normal during theCovid’19 pandemic. The Information Technology giants companies are considering ‘Work from home’ as a permanent solution to the increasing rental costs and overhead costs. Work from home has not affected the productivity of the employees in most cases. IT Employees also stand to benefit in many ways in terms of flexible working, reduced travel, home atmosphere, less pollution etc.

This study was taken up through a survey of 103 IT employees to understand their perception on ‘Work from Home’. The study intends to identify Factors influencing their perception and the Challenges faced by them during work from home.
Litographic Publications Of Khiva Khanate
Authors: Et. al. M. M. Matyakubova,
Published: April 2021

The article is dedicated to the issue of the lithographic publications of Khiva khanate at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. The main attention is paid to the works of great writers and poets which were published in lithographies of Khiva khanate during that period. Also, the ideas in the article were proven by the facts mentioned in the works of historians
Scientometric Analysis of The Research on The Abortion: 2015-2019
Authors: Et. al. Sivankalai,
Published: April 2021

Nowadays the researchers have found the Finale the soundless virus of unsafe abortion is an imperative public-health and human-rights authoritative. Furthermore, noticeable global-health issues related to abortion constitute an important debate in medical ethics. Each year, approximately 19–20 million abortions are completed by personalities lacking the necessary bits of help or in situations lower lowest medical ethics or both. As a result, we found that the greatest productive author in standings of the total number of articles, the highest mean of total citation per articles 10.02 registered in the year 2015 against 1684 number of the citation with five citable years, Foster DG is the most remarkable writer according to M-index which is the median number of cited publications. While the author only started to create in 2015, the top two journals with highly (4143 and 4110 cited a Fertil Steril, and Hum Reprod) related to abortion services research.
A Study to Analyze the Impact of Knowledge Management (KM) practices in IT Service Delivery Industry in India
Authors: Et. al. Barakath Ali Shaik Mohamed,
Published: April 2021

Information Technology (IT) Industry in India is growing fast. Organizations across the world are outsourcing the IT services to take advantage of cost and time differences. India plays vital role in supporting the outsourcing services by taking advantage of the language skills and skilled workforce. Knowledge Management (KM) is critical for the continuity of the services and success of the organisations in different domains. This paper analysis the impact of Knowledge Management in Information Technology (IT) Service Delivery Industry in India. The study reveals Knowledge Management improves the performance of the Service Delivery organization.  Methodical implementation and continuous improvement of Knowledge Management practices would further accelerate and improve the customer experience.
An Effect Of Management Service Quality On Residential Satisfaction And Recommended Intention Of High-Rise Apartments
Authors: Et. al. Feng Jing,
Published: April 2021

Recently, a lot of high-rise apartments are being built around large cities in the world. The high-rise apartments are a valuable living space for residents and are located in the center of the city, providing a distinctive and advanced residents' convenience while maintaining a high price of real estate along with the landmark role. In this background this study examined the relationship between the evaluation of the quality of management services perceived by residents and the satisfaction and recommendation intention of tenants living in high-rise apartments in China. This study empirically examines the relationship between the quality of management services (environmental quality, process quality, result quality), satisfaction and recommendation intention of tenants living in ‘high-rise apartments’ in large cities in China. The results showed that the quality of management services of high-rise apartments had a significant effect on residential satisfaction and recommended intention. In addition, among the quality of management service affecting residential satisfaction and recommendation intention, the relationship was the highest in the order of process quality (β=.363, t=5.362), result quality (β=.306, t=5.610), and environmental quality (β=.200, t=3.319). Therefore, in order to enhance the satisfaction of the residents of high-rise apartments and to induce positive attitudes and follow-up actions, it is necessary to pay attention to the needs of the residents and deal with them promptly and kindly, rather than the physical environmental quality of the high-rise apartments and the quality improvement efforts shown in the research results. Therefore, in order to enhance the satisfaction of the residents of high-rise apartments and to induce positive attitudes and follow-up actions, it is necessary to pay attention to the needs of the residents and deal with them promptly and kindly, rather than the physical environmental quality of the high-rise apartments and the quality improvement efforts shown in the research results. It can be said to be an important implication confirmed through this study.
Vertex Magic Labeling On V_4 for Cartesian product of two cycles
Authors: Et. al. Dr. V. L.Stella Arputha Mary,
Published: April 2021

Let  be an abelian group under multiplication. Let . Then the vertex magic labeling on   is induced as  such that  where the product is taken over all edges  of  incident at  is constant. A graph is said to be  - magic if it admits a vertex magic labeling on . In this paper, we prove that , , Generalized fish graph, Double cone graph and four Leaf Clover graph are all  -magic graphs.