bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cigarette Filter-Based Membranes with Tannin and FeCl₃ Additives for Enhancing the Antifouling Properties of Oil Emulsion Filtration
Authors: Luthfiana Anisa , Mulyati Sri , Arahman Nasrul , Ambarita Aulia Cintia , Aulia Muhammad Prayogie
Published: January 2025

Industries in Indonesia significantly contribute to the economy by increasing foreign exchange earnings and creating job opportunities. However, industrial activities also negatively impact the environment, particularly water pollution caused by liquid waste containing oil emulsions. This research aims to develop a membrane based on cigarette filters as an alternative to cellulose acetate for separating oil emulsions in water. Cigarette filters were processed into membranes with tannic acid (TA) and ferric chloride (FeCl3) as additives using a vacuum-filtration coating technique. The resulting membranes were tested for their characteristics and performance, including morphological analysis, functional group analysis, hydrophilicity, water uptake, porosity, pure water flux, selectivity toward oil emulsions (artificial emulsions from CPO and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) and antifouling properties. The results showed that membranes with additives exhibited more uniform pores, asymmetric structures, and improved surface characteristics. The addition of tannic acid 2.4 mmol and FeCl3 3.7 mmol also enhanced the antifouling properties of the membranes, although it decreased the pure water flux. Membranes without additives (M1) and with additives (M2) were compared for pure water flux, separation efficiency, and antifouling properties. M2 exhibited a lower flux (15.03 L/m2·h) than M1 (19.69 L/m2·h) due to reduced porosity. Although the oil emulsion selectivity of M2 (97.80%) showed no significant improvement compared to M1 (97.79%), the addition of additives notably enhanced the antifouling performance. M2 demonstrated a flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 71.22%, significantly higher than M1’s FRR of 46.01%, indicating the effectiveness of the additives in reducing fouling and improving membrane reusability. The membranes achieved high selectivity for oil emulsions with a separation efficiency of up to 97%. These findings suggest that using cigarette filters as the base material for membranes and adding additives can provide an efficient and environmentally friendly solution to reducing oil emulsion pollution.
Biodegradation of the Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic by White Rot Fungus Trametes hirsuta D7
Authors: Pattu Ananda Novita Hi , Charlena Charlena , Yanto Dede Heri Yuli , Suparto Irma Herawati , Oktaviani Maulida
Published: January 2025

This study highlights the potential of fungal microorganisms, particularly Trametes hirsuta D7, in addressing antibiotic contaminants, such as ciprofloxacin, in the environment. The degradation process was conducted at room temperature over 7 days, and the results demonstrated that laccase was predominant in the degradation capacity; this was evidenced by the laccase enzyme activity levels obtained, namely 93 U/L, 120 U/L, and 130 U/L, compared to manganese peroxide activity of 7 U/L, 16 U/L, and 13 U/L at concentrations of 100, 300, and 500 mg/L, respectively. Notably, the laccase enzyme of T. hirsuta D7 exhibited significant degradation of ciprofloxacin, with high degradation rates of 64% at 100 mg/L, 48% at 300 mg/L, and 26% at 300 mg/L. This indicates that laccase from T. hirsuta D7 effectively degraded ciprofloxacin at various concentrations. Furthermore, this study revealed that ciprofloxacin did not significantly affect the growth of T. hirsuta D7. This suggests that microorganisms can survive and function effectively in the presence of antibiotic contamination without being impaired by these compounds. In conclusion, this study presents a potential solution for environmental antibiotic contamination by utilizing fungal microorganisms, particularly T. hirsuta D7, and their laccase enzymes. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for developing more environmentally sustainable and efficient degradation methods for antibiotic contamination in the ecosystem.
The Planning and Management in the Sustainability of Protected Areas: Kayseri Sultan Sazlığı
Authors: Yıldız Reyhan
Published: January 2025

The conservation of biodiversity on which the processes of rapid urbanization and industrialisation creating pressure is concerned as an important issue that might be handled with international efforts. The conservation of biodiversity that consists of ecosystems, species diversity and genetic diversity, principally uses the “in-situ” and “ex-situ” conservation methods. This paper aims to evaluate the planning and manage-ment process of protected areas (natural sites, national parks, wetlands and protected areas) in Turkey through the Sultan Sazlığı (Kayseri) case and to argue the opportunities for effective conservation of biodiversity and probability of sustainable targets for Turkish natural heritage. The RAPPAM (Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Area Management) and METT (Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool Method) methods are used in the study to determine the problems related to the aims and the targets in planning and management of protected areas, institutional structure, planning authority, legal framework, sustainable development strategies, participatory planning approaches and conservation practices. At the final evaluation, the main problems are observed as the disruption of natural water cycle in wetland ecosystem, the ecological pollution caused by the unplanned developments and touristic activities, the fragmented and partial institutional structure on the management and planning of the protected areas, the lack of the common sense among the different sectors to achieve the integrated conservation aims, insufficient economic subsidies, the deficiency in experience and technology transfer, inefficient personnel and technical opportunity for monitoring and controlling the process and activities.
Differential case marking in Old Irish: nominal and pronominal arguments in valency alternations
Authors: Roma Elisa
Published: January 2025

This chapter addresses from a typological perspective case marking of different types of arguments in Old Irish, drawing on the framework of the Leipzig Valency Classes Project (Hartmann, Haspelmath and Taylor 2013; Malchukov and Comrie 2015, ValPaL) and using datasets from Corpus Palaeo Hibernicum (Stifter et al. 2021, CorPH), supplemented by the Würzburg Glosses. Old Irish is first shown to score high for inflectional behaviour of person according to Nichols’ (2017b) typology of person marking, so that nominal and pronominal arguments are systematically kept apart as to their case marking. The Old Irish values for Nichols’ 42 data-points are given in the Appendix. The contribution then deals with argument marking in relation to valency changes, focusing in particular on alternations with a sample of labile verbs (notably ar·oslaici ‘open’, fercaigidir and londaigidir ‘get angry’ and ‘make angry’, fo·botha ‘get scared’ and ‘frighten’) and with a sample of ditransitives. The data show that a distinct labile behaviour is attested only with pronominal arguments indexed on the verb, so that this alternation comes close to a coded alternation, according to the typological distinction drawn in ValPaL. On the other hand, the promotion of the recipient-like argument to direct object is allowed only with a small set of verbs (notably guidid ‘ask for’, for·cain and múinid ‘teach’), it often combines with argument omission, and is again frequent with pronominal objects, but rather follows the Extended Animacy Hierarchy (Croft 2022). Since, however, the total number of occurrences of nominal arguments for each verb is not very high, a larger corpus would be necessary to conclude that these tendencies were in fact well entrenched in Old Irish grammar.
Observations on the use of attention markers in Comrac Líadaine ⁊ Chuirithir
Authors: Stifter David
Published: January 2025

In a series of articles, Aaron Griffith (2008, 2010, 2011, 2013) and Bernhard Bauer (2018: 12-13) have shed light on the pragmatic function and the syntactic operation of the Old Irish notae augentes and the anaphoric pronoun suide/-side, which for practical purposes can be grouped together under the umbrella term ‘attention markers’. The com­paratively high incidence of these elements in the late Old Irish tale Comrac Líadaine ⁊ Chuirithir ‘The En­counter of Líadain and Cuirithir’ (Stifter forthc.), pro­vides an opportunity to test these hypo­theses and to add to and refine the description of their syntactic and pragmatic functions. In addition to two previously established functions, namely 1. to direct the mental focus of the recipients and 2. to distinguish between over­all and tempor­arily salient referents, two hitherto unrecognised usages of attention markers can be identified for Old Irish, namely 3. as argu­ment-fillers after quotative verbs, and 4. as verbal gender-mark­ers.
Out of scope? - Indefinite nominal subjects and objects preceding the negative marker in Middle Welsh
Authors: Sackmann Raphael
Published: January 2025

While the diachronic development of negation in Welsh has been subject to extensive research (see Willis 2006, 2013, in particular), Middle Welsh negative (matrix) clauses are under-researched in a synchronic perspective (Poppe in press). There is no consensus on syntactic analyses of verb-second negative matrix clauses, especially those with subject-verb and object-verb order. In (Modern) Irish, native speakers generally interpret comparable “Narrative Fronting” constructions with scope of negation over a fronted indefinite. However, in Middle Welsh, instances of wide-scope indefinites can be found, while scope relations are potentially ambiguous in others. For object-verb clauses, matters are further complicated by the occasional presence of an additional object clitic. This chapter draws attention to such arguably challenging Middle Welsh examples and discusses possible interpretations of indefinites with respect to the notion of topicality, as well as complexities of their related syntactic analyses. With an attempt to relativize apparently conflicting views in previous research, potential syntactic structures are specified, primarily with respect to non-topical indefinites that, at least on the surface, appear to be out of scope. For these (and other phrases occurring in this construction, occasionally also definites), a syntactic derivation is formulated, which can arguably be compared with certain Focus Fronting constructions in other languages.
Assessing the Fair Value of Unicorns Post-IPO: An Analysis of Applied Valuation Methods
Authors: Fiesenig Bruno , Bock Carolin , Khoroshylova Anna , Schiereck Dirk
Published: January 2025

This study compares the market enterprise value of former unicorns to 10 individual calculated enterprise values based on the corresponding discounted cash flows and comparable company analyses. This research aims to investigate whether investors correctly perceive the valuation of unicorns. For our sample of 66 former unicorns entering capital markets between 2004 and 2019, we found that former unicorns appear to be undervalued in capital markets. Furthermore, we show that the accuracy of firm valuations increases with the amount of public information. Finally, we argue that Multiples are better suited for the assessment of a unicorn’s value once public.
State Hazard Mitigation Plans and Social Vulnerability
Authors: Painter Mary Angelica , Villarreal Melissa , Peek Lori
Published: January 2025

U.S. states, territories, and tribal areas develop State Hazard Mitigation Plans (SHMPs) to reduce the impact of disasters. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) approves SHMPs every five years as required for states to receive disaster relief grants and mitigation project funding. In 2023, FEMA’s updated policy guidance for SHMPs took effect, recommending more robust use of social vulnerability as an assessment of equity in multi-hazard risk assessments. Such approaches are necessary because social vulnerability emerges from systemic inequities that result in marginalized populations facing disproportionate exposure and impacts from natural hazards. We developed two novel datasets on the different population groups, definitions, and measures of social vulnerability included in SHMPs for all 50 U.S. states and the 5 inhabited U.S. territories. Our analysis shows that states differ in terms of how (and if) social vulnerability is defined and measured. All plans include at least one vulnerable population in their guidance – most often the elderly, children, or people with disabilities. Inclusion of other populations such as immigrants, LGBTQIA + persons, or unhoused persons is much more varied. The study concludes with recommendations for how SHMPs can advance equitable and inclusive planning processes that center robust definitions and measures of social vulnerability and socially vulnerable populations.
Comprehension of conversational implicatures in L3 Mandarin
Authors: Köylü Yılmaz
Published: January 2025

The current research is an extension and partial replication of Köylü (2018. Comprehension of conversational implicatures in L2 English. Intercultural Pragmatics 15(3). 373–408.) and it investigates the development of conversational implicatures in third language (L3) Mandarin. More specifically, this study explores whether learners with a first language (L1) Cantonese and second language (L2) English background are able to comprehend implied meaning in L3 Mandarin. 14 L1 Cantonese L2 English L3 Mandarin participants with a high intermediate level of Mandarin proficiency took part in the study. There was also a control group of 11 native speakers of Mandarin. Quantitative results based on a 20-item audiovisual interpretation task demonstrate that the L3 learners of Mandarin were not on a par with native speakers of Mandarin in arriving at an intended implicature for the test items. A qualitative analysis of learner responses indicates that the learners’ interpretation of conversational implicatures in L3 Mandarin, although usually successful, was also characterized by repetitions, literal comprehension, and recognition of a gap between the literal and the implied meaning, as well as unintended implicatures.
Nietzsche e o “Jesus histórico”
Authors: Passos Lopes KASSIO Flores
Published: January 2025

Grande parte dos intérpretes nietzschianos tem se concentrado em descrever a perspectiva de Nietzsche sobre a figura histórica de Jesus em O Anticristo (1888), enquanto dedicam menos atenção à avaliação crítica de sua plausibilidade enquanto projeto histórico reconstrutivo e interpretativo. Com isto em vista, propomos, ainda que de maneira preliminar e ensaística, ponderar e avaliar criticamente a perspectiva nietzschiana sobre Jesus apresentada em O Anticristo. Procura-se mostrar que esta perspectiva em O Anticristo revela limitações significativas. A recusa em adotar um método histórico crítico rigoroso, aliada ao uso seletivo e arbitrário dos textos neotestamentários e à descontextualização do ambiente histórico e cultural de Jesus, comprometem a consistência de suas conclusões. No entanto, defende-se que compreender sua visão continua essencial para avaliar tanto as potências interpretativas de Nietzsche quanto às dificuldades que sua leitura enfrenta para manter-se plausível ainda hoje.
IDEOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF SERBIA
Authors:   MGIMO University, Maleshevich Anastasia
Published: January 2025

This study examines the ideological transformation of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS), successor to the League of Communists of Serbia, during Serbia’s transition to capitalism. A distinctive feature of the Serbian case is that reformed communists retained power until the arrival of the right-liberal opposition in 2000. The ideological analysis is based on two closely related concepts: democratic socialism and social democracy. The study demonstrates the reasons behind the SPS's choice in favor of democratic socialism and examines how the party shifted rightward compared to its original ideological stance. The factor of European integration played a significant role in the alignment of the SPS with the neoliberal consensus, generally shaping the behavior and ideological positions of domestic actors in potential candidate countries. The article analyzes the SPS programs from 1990, 1992, and 2010. According to the latest program, the SPS now occupies the position of a typical center-left European party.
DISINTEGRATION OF THE BRELL ELECTRIC RING: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR THE BALTIC STATES
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bazhan Anatoliy
Published: January 2025

The article discusses some problems of energy supply of the Baltic republics with electricity after their accession to the European Union. The policy of Brussels aimed at curtailing energy cooperation between the Baltic States and Russia and Belarus is analyzed. The calculations of the investment costs incurred by the Baltic countries as a result of disconnection from the Russian and Belarusian power grids and synchronization of electricity flows with the EU countries are given. Other negative consequences of this act for the Baltic region, which await it after leaving the BRELL electric ring, are shown. Such consequences include the instability of electricity supply to the population, enterprises and organizations in the region, as well as an increase in prices for consumed electricity.
Futures Imperfect
Authors: Italiano Carla
Published: January 2025

A String of Pearls (2002) is Camille Billops and James Hatch’s sixth and final film, concluding a trilogy that began with Suzanne, Suzanne (1982). Now dedicated to the men of Billops’s family, the feature’s affiliation to self-representational practices is woven in a refracted and collectivized way, building bridges between the private sphere and the social issues that permeate it. This essay analyzes how the film creates a sense of community in an extended and constantly changing manner, carrying in its wake a dense dimension of temporality. For this investigation, I will present the particularities of the film’s affiliation with the field of documentary, which highlights an aspect of experimentation, and refer to concepts of Afro-Brazilian origin and the work of contemporary Brazilian filmmaker Tila Chitunda, indicating approaches that go beyond the immediate context of these films.
A String of Pearls
Authors: Takagi JT , Torres Roselly
Published: January 2025

Third World Newsreel staffers document their 2023 international retrospective of Billops-Hatch films, A String of Pearls, while also offering primary source accounts of the artistic process, atmosphere, and vision of Camille Billops and James Hatch through the eyes of their collaborators. Contributors include Ada Gay Griffin, Louis Massiah, and Dion Hatch.
“Funnier Than Moms Mabley”
Authors: Silver Samantha
Published: January 2025

This article examines the stand-up comedy albums of comedian and blues singer Hattie Noel released in the 1960s. Her career reveals previously unrecognized connections between the classic blues of the 1920s–1930s and the stand-up comedy albums of the 1960s and presents a Black feminist perspective on sexuality and the politics of the civil rights era. Noel’s comedy transcends the stereotypes she played in Hollywood films and the dehumanization she faced in her work with Disney. Using the sonic archive of her LPs to understand the history of stand-up comedy offers an alternate narrative about her career. In Hollywood, her legacy was as a “hippo in a tutu,” but on stage and on vinyl, she negotiated a space for her voice.
Woman, Alone? Camille Billops, Self-Possession, and Older Women and Love (1987)
Authors: Prettyman Michele
Published: January 2025

This essay “Woman, Alone? Camille Billops, Self-Possession, and Older Women and Love (1987)” focuses on the unique dynamics in the personal and professional relationship between Camille Billops and James V. Hatch. It maps the complexities of Billops’s selfhood, which she pursued in defiance of societal norms that typically sideline women as “helpmeets” to creative men. I use the Billops-Hatch film Older Women and Love as a case study and commentary on the complexity of women’s self-possession as they navigate sexual intimacy, aging, relationships to their bodies, and death. I also discuss the importance of partnerships in amplifying self-expression, highlighting the nuances and challenges of intimate relationships in the context of art-making.
Singing through Anticlerical Storms
Authors: Ellis Katharine
Published: January 2025

Amid nationwide debates in Third Republic France as to whether good Catholics could serve the church but also “rally” to the Republic, a project to set up a municipal/national music school in Moulins, to the financial detriment of the local cathedral choir school, suggests an environment of straightforward musical and confessional antagonism. The close-up view is more complex, however. Long-standing alliances among musicians and clerics turn out to be at odds with separatism at the town council, ministerial inspectors become choir school defenders, and at the national level we find different ministries and the government at loggerheads. Only in 1902, in the wake of the Dreyfus Affair and amid intensifying government anticlericalism, does the traditional narrative of Republican antipathy to Catholic music education win out. The stratified analysis presented here provides a possible model for disentangling action and motivation among musicians, functionaries, ministers, parliamentarians, and clergy.
“Opening Up the Future”
Authors: Mhlambi Thokozani N.
Published: January 2025

This article considers Hugh Tracey’s 1952 book African Dances of the Witwatersrand Gold Mines in relation to the history of music scholarship in southern Africa. Its first finding is that sound recordings and archives were crucial in the making of disciplines such as ethnomusicology and ethnology in Africa, and that Hugh Tracey was at the forefront of this process, especially in southern Africa. Its second finding is that Tracey’s project contributed to the discourse of tribing that was popular at the time, both in academic disciplines such as ethnology and in practical enterprises such as commercial recording and mining industries. The central argument is that, arising when it did in the history of sound reproduction, Tracey’s project instantiated a particular vision of the sound archive in Africa, one that emphasized preservation, purity, and study. The article also retrieves the work of early African intellectuals whose cultural vision ran counter to that of Tracey and his contemporaries; in particular, apartheid is held responsible for suppressing the views of African intellectuals such as H. I. E. Dhlomo. The article concludes with some reflections on the future of African music scholarship.
Bang, Rattle, Pop
Authors: Phillips-Hutton Ariana
Published: January 2025

The South African War of 1899–1902 has been traditionally framed as one of Britain’s final colonial wars and a last gasp of nineteenth-century military conventions. In this article, I argue that—far from being the last “gentlemen’s war”—the South African War can be seen as a newly modern form of warfare that is mediated and modulated through sound. I draw on archival research and earwitness accounts from both combatants and observers to reconstruct aspects of historical sense perception that demonstrate how the confluence of new military and media technologies elevated the role of sound in sensing (and making sense of) the battlefield. In particular, I consider the pervasive metaphors of gunfire as music and of the guns themselves as musicians as a way for earwitnesses to make sense out of the chaos of wartime listening, before turning to other ways in which music filtered through into the wartime soundscape. Understanding this intertwining of sound, perception, and technology allows us to trace the audile techniques through which participants perceived the war. Heard in this way, the South African War lays a foundation for how modern wars have been listened to and imagined.
The Economic Essence of the Assets of the Enterprises
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Brahina Olha , Stelmaschuk Dmytro ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: January 2025

In the article, the authors investigated the essence of the company's assets, analyzed the opinions of scientists regarding the
concept of "assets", carried out a systematization, and based on the results of the analysis, two approaches to their definition were
formed, in particular, the company's assets are considered as part of the balance sheet and as property values: fixed assets,
securities, current assets Particular attention in the work is given to the characteristics of assets by articles with the disclosure of
the essence of the concept and possible economic benefits for each of the articles. A special place in the research process is
occupied by the classification of the company's assets, which allows a better understanding of the structure of the company's
resources and more effective management of them.
Improvement of Cost Management System through Company Management Reporting
Authors:   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Davydiuk Tetiana , Dong Hai ,   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: January 2025

The paper defines what can be a source of cost information for planning and controlling the consumption of resources in the
production process, and also proposes to introduce the field "Analytical Characteristic" in primary documents. Approaches to
grouping costs by: economic elements; costing items; places of cost occurrence; processes are substantiated. The procedure for
constructing a chart of accounts for management accounting of costs is determined, and the opening of subaccounts to the
"Production" account and a chart of accounts by analytical features for manufacturing enterprises is proposed. The forms of
management reporting on key performance indicators are identified that will facilitate operational cost management. The form of
production cost report is proposed.
Mechanism of Sustainable Development of Business Entities in the System of International Economic Relations
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Levkina Ruslana , Kotko Yana ,   State Biotechnological University, Kulinich Oksana ,   State Biotechnological University
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article is to substantiate an integrated approach and to develop a mechanism for sustainable development of
business entities in the system of international economic relations based on the practical experience of implementing the concept
of sustainable development in the activities of business structures and the strategy of development of the national economy of
countries of the world to address economic, environmental and social issues. As a result of the scientific research on the
development of a mechanism for its implementation in modern conditions, the authors conclude that it is expedient to build it on
the basis of the existing system of international economic relations. Through international organizations dealing with socioeconomic and environmental issues, they contribute to controlling the level of harmful substances in the environment, ensure
growing incomes and improving living conditions in the poorest countries, and create the basis for progressive changes in
resource and energy conservation, education, and science for the conscious use of natural resources and conscious consumption
of goods.
The Link Between Citizen Participation, Digital Technologies and Urban Development
Authors:   Odesa Polytechnic National University, Boiko Iryna , Neykov Sergey ,   Odesa Institute of Entrepreneurship and Law
Published: January 2025

In the modern urban context, there is an increasing need for
the integration of citizens into decision-making processes
through the utilisation of digital tools that align with economic,
social and technological trends of urban development. This
article examines the impact of digital transformation on the
participation of citizens in urban development. The analysis
examines the impact of digital technologies on the interaction
between citizens and authorities, as well as on the development
of smart cities. The advantages and challenges of digital
transformation are considered, including the issues of digital
literacy and equal internet access. This thematic article addresses
the issues of terminology, citizen participation and the
interconnection between digitalisation and urban development in
the context of Ukraine. The study emphasises the crucial
necessity of overcoming these challenges to ensure sustainable
urban development in Ukraine.
Germ cell quantification in human fetal and prepubertal testis tissues: a comparison of current methodologies
Authors: Kearney Emma , Greenald David , Matilionyte Gabriele , Lane Sheila , Tharmalingam Melissa D , Davies Jill , Stukenborg Jan-Bernd , Forsyth Grace , Mitchell Rod T
Published: January 2025

Methods to quantify germ cell number in human immature testicular tissues are essential to evaluate the impact of chemotherapy exposures and to optimise cryopreservation protocols used in fertility preservation for prepubertal boys. Established quantification methods rely on the presence of round tubules within the tissue. However, round tubular cross sections are limited in human prepubertal testicular tissues, especially when using in vitro culture. We aimed to assess whether an alternative method of germ cell quantification would provide similar results to recently established methods, without the requirement for round tubules. Human testicular samples included fetal tissue (exposed in vitro to cisplatin, carboplatin or control) or prepubertal tissue (fresh, cryopreserved, fresh in vitro cultured or cryopreserved in vitro cultured). Immunofluorescence assessed AP2γ (gonocytes) and MAGE-A4 ((pre)spermatogonia) expression. Germ cells were quantified by tubular germ cell density (Method 1), which was compared to methods that require round tubules, including spermatogonial number per round tubular cross section (S/T) (Method 2), fertility index (Method 3) and round tubular germ cell density (Method 4). A correlation analysis between methods was performed. Method 1 is strongly and significantly correlated with Method 2 (r = 0.838, P < 0.0001; r = 0.833, P < 0.0001), Method 3 (r = 0.752, P < 0.001; r = 0.802, P < 0.0001) and Method 4 (r = 0.863, P < 0.0001; r = 0.914, P < 0.0001) for fetal and prepubertal tissues, respectively. Given that Method 1 assess tubules irrespective of shape, it may increase the total number of germ cells available for quantification, validating its use for quantification of human testicular tissue samples where the amount of tissue or presence of round tubules is limited.

Lay summary

Chemotherapy can damage cells in the testicles that are required to make sperm, often leading to infertility in males. While options to preserve fertility in adult males are available, there are no established methods for young boys. To investigate how chemotherapy damages these cells and to explore approaches to preserve fertility, we require methods to count the number of cells that can develop into sperm. Existing counting methods involve only counting some of the cells in the tissue, but in young boys, it is often necessary to count all of the cells because the amount of tissue is limited. To overcome this, we counted cells in small pieces of human fetal and prepubertal testicles using an alternative method, which allows all cells to be counted. We found similar results using our method compared to three existing methods, making our method useful for counting cells in fetal and prepubertal testicle samples.
АКТУАЛИЗАЦИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ШКАЛ ПОЖАРНОЙ ОПАСНОСТИ ПО ЛЕСНЫМ РАЙОНАМ КРАСНОЯРСКОГО КРАЯ
Authors: ИВАНОВ В.А. , ИВАНОВА Г.А. , БАКШЕЕВА Е.О.
Published: January 2025

В связи с интенсивным промышленным освоением территории Красноярского края произошли значительные перемены в растительном покрове и увеличилось количество источников огня. Вследствие изменения климата также возросло количество молниевых разрядов, являющихся основной причиной лесных пожаров на малоосвоенных северных территориях края. Разработка региональной шкалы пожарной опасности по условиям погоды вызвана тем, что существующая единая федеральная шкала пожарной опасности по условиям погоды недостаточно точно характеризует пожарную опасность лесных участков региона и не позволяет рационально регламентировать работы лесопожарных служб и маневрировать силами лесничеств и авиаотделений. На основе данных о количестве и площади лесных пожаров и о причинах их возникновения нами выполнены обобщения и анализ приуроченности пожаров и причин возникновения возгораний по лесным районам Красноярского края. Установлено, что в современных условиях территория края характеризуется увеличением пожарной активности. Ввиду сложности рельефа, разнообразия климатических и лесорастительных условий для каждого лесного района нами были построены региональные шкалы пожарной опасности по условиям погоды и проведено их сравнение с единой федеральной шкалой. Использование разработанных нами шкал пожарной опасности для лесных районов Красноярского края позволит своевременно проводить обнаружение и тушение лесных пожаров.

Due to the intensive industrial development of the territory of Krasnoyarsk Krai, significant changes have taken place in the vegetation cover and the number of fire sources has increased. Due to climate change, the number of lightning discharges, which are the main cause of forest fires in the underdeveloped northern territories of the region, has also increased. The development of a regional fire hazard scale for weather conditions is caused by the fact that the existing unified federal fire hazard scale for weather conditions does not accurately characterize the fire hazard of forest areas in the region and does not allow rationally regulating the work of forest fire services and forestry. On the basis of data on the number and area of forest fires and the causes of their occurrence, generalizations and analysis of the timing of fires and the causes of fires in the forest areas of Krasnoyarsk Krai were performed. It is revealed, that in modern conditions the area of the region is characterized by an increase in fire activity. Due to the complexity of the relief, the diversity of climatic and forest conditions for each forest area, we have constructed regional fire hazard scales for weather conditions and compared them with the unified federal scale. The use of fire hazard scales developed by us for the forest areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai will allow timely detection and extinguishing of forest fires and, consequently, reduce damage from forest fires.
Prácticas de lectura y escritura en la formación de profesores de educación primaria
Authors: Noriega Jacob Mirián Adriana
Published: January 2025

The main purpose of this text is to study how students in teacher training read and write, as well as the challenges they face in these practices, since this is still a pending task for educational research.  In this way, this work intends to contribute to the discussion on academic literacy processes in teacher training based on two focus groups, in which 14 third-semester students of the Bachelor's Degree in Elementary Education from two Teacher Training Colleges participated, one of them directed to the rural context and the other to the urban one. The focus groups made it possible to explore what students read and write most frequently, the difficulties they have with these practices, their attitudes in relation to these processes, strategies for reading and writing, as well as possible alternatives to accompany them in the academic literacy process. The results show the importance of the accompaniment of the trainer of trainers to join their discursive community, and its close relationship for academic performance, thus showing that the teacher's role is not only to promote meaningful learning but also to facilitate dialogues.
Inteligencia artificial y competencia comunicativa: desafíos en el curso de Comunicación
Authors: Pérez Cabrera Hugo Paz
Published: January 2025

The advance of artificial intelligence (AI) represents a challenge in various fields of knowledge due to the automation of various activities. This leads to investigate the impact of AI on the communicative competence of the Communication course. Thus, the study seeks to determine how artificial intelligence is related to the communicative competence of this area in high school students. For this purpose, the methodology used was quantitative orientation, cross-sectional design and descriptive-correlational level. The sample consisted of 45 secondary school students from three educational institutions, who were given two questionnaires. The results indicate that 73% of the sample is at the medium level in relation to the use of AI and, with respect to communicative competence, 60% is at the level in process. It is concluded that artificial intelligence is not significantly related to communicative competence in the area of Communication (0.470 > 0.05).
Intersubjetividad en epew sobre la relación ser humano-naturaleza: una aproximación crítica y multimodal del discurso
Authors: Franzani Cerda Paola , Arancibia Cristina , Román Horacio
Published: January 2025

Este artigo examina os significados interpessoais multimodais utilizados para a expressão da intersubjetividade em epew. A partir de uma perspetiva discursiva crítica e multimodal, o objetivo geral é compreender como as posições intersubjectivas se manifestam nos modos verbal escrito e visual nestas narrativas. Com base nos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos da linguística funcional sistémica, em particular no modelo avaliatividade (Martin e White, 2005; Oteíza, 2021; White, 2021), bem como na proposta de análise de imagens da semiótica social (Kress e van Leeuwen 2006/2021; Painter et al., 2013), foram analisadas três epew, na sua versão espanhola, que tratam da relação homem-natureza. Os resultados mostram que a manifestação da intersubjetividade nos significados verbais e visuais das três histórias analisadas está relacionada com os objectivos das fases do género. Observa-se que ambos os modos semióticos se complementam nos textos, a fim de promover valores de respeito e reciprocidade entre as pessoas e o seu ambiente.
Desempeño de la IA en la búsqueda de fuentes especializadas y escritura de textos académicos
Authors: Pizarro Romero Javier
Published: January 2025

Este artigo explora o uso de plataformas de inteligência artificial (IA) como suporte nos processos de pesquisa e redação acadêmica. A partir de uma abordagem experimental, foram avaliadas cinco ferramentas: Perplexity, Bing, Gemini, Claude e ChatPDF. O objetivo principal foi analisar a eficácia dessas ferramentas em tarefas como a geração de resumos, a busca e organização de fontes acadêmicas e a localização de informações em documentos. A pesquisa foi justificada pelo crescente interesse nas aplicações acadêmicas de IA e pela necessidade de oferecer aos pesquisadores alternativas acessíveis e funcionais. A metodologia incluiu a execução de tarefas específicas com cada ferramenta, permitindo uma análise comparativa de suas capacidades e limitações. Ao final, são apresentadas conclusões e recomendações sobre o uso adequado dessas tecnologias, juntamente com uma avaliação equilibrada de suas possibilidades e restrições no contexto acadêmico.
Metonimias referentes al jugador de fútbol en los foros de los medios de comunicación peruanos
Authors: Solari Ruiz-Eldredge Oscar Augusto
Published: January 2025

Nesta pesquisa apresenta-se a análise dos processos metonímicos que ocorrem na formação do léxico do futebol, com atenção ao jogador deste esporte. As ocorrências em questão foram extraídas dos fóruns de opinião de um setor da imprensa escrita, radial e televisiva mais representativa da capital peruana. Os fenômenos implicados na construção de cada metonímia fundamentam-se através da linguística cognitiva e a pragmática, uma vez que esta segunda perspectiva teórica motiva a explicação dos fatores extralinguísticos que contribuíram à sua formação. Conclui-se que as metonímias que fazem referência aos jogadores de futebol são construídas a partir da designação do número da camiseta do jogador pelo número da camiseta que representa uma função específica no jogo; a designação de um número que representa o número de jogadores de cada equipe no jogo; a posição do jogador pela sua função, a função do jogador pelo jogador referido e a cor da camiseta da equipe pelo jogador, clube ou seleção de um país.
El léxico dialectal paraguayo en El trueno entre las hojas
Authors: Peralta de Aguayo Estela Mary
Published: January 2025

As obras literárias são uma importante fonte de informação sobre o uso linguístico de uma determinada área e época. Da mesma forma, por meio das unidades lexicais, manifestam-se traços culturais, sociais e históricos, imbricados em uma trama narrativa tecida pelo escritor. Por todas essas razões, tomamos como unidade de análise as vozes dialetais presentes em El trueno entre las hojas do escritor Augusto Roa Bastos, a fim de descrever as características das unidades lexicais que mostram as particularidades do espanhol paraguaio. Examina-se a tipologia de vozes utilizadas no discurso dos personagens, com o intuito de identificar suas características fonéticas e morfossintáticas, bem como a tipologia Como resultado, verifica-se um mosaico lexical composto por paraguaísmos, americanismos e guaranismos; Bem como antropônimos: apelidos e hipocorísticos de natureza lexical e sociolinguística.
Documentación del quechua de Amazonas en las comunidades de Cuémal y Colcamar
Authors: Valqui Culqui Jairo , Velásquez Liz , Cruz Adita , Huaman Christian
Published: January 2025

Este artículo es una aproximación a la documentación lingüística del quechua de Amazonas, una de las lenguas indígenas peruanas en peligro de extinción. La investigación se centra en documentar a los últimos hablantes en los distritos de Lamud y Colcamar en la provincia de Luya en el departamento de Amazonas. En primer lugar, se proporciona un panorama histórico del quechua de Amazonas, en el que se incluye su expansión geográfica, su uso en la Colonia y posterior declive. Respecto a la metodología y herramientas utilizadas, esta investigación se ubica dentro del enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, y se enmarca en la metodología de los procesos de documentación lingüística. La muestra está conformada por 3 sesiones recolectadas de 2 hablantes del quechua de Amazonas. Se empleó como herramientas una cámara de video, grabadora de audio, micrófono tipo vincha y micrófono unidireccional. Para el procesamiento de datos se emplearon los programas de ELAN versión 6.8. y PRAAT versión 6.4.12. Para la transcripción grafémica, se utilizó una propuesta de alfabeto que consta de 18 letras. Entre los principales resultados, constatamos dos características en el quechua de Amazonas: la presencia de un patrón acentual en la primera sílaba de la palabra y el uso de un léxico atribuible a otras lenguas como a una lengua preinca local y al castellano en su mayoría. Finalmente, se destaca la importancia de este tipo de estudios que no solo contribuyen al conocimiento lingüístico del quechua, sino también a los esfuerzos sociales para su preservación.
Uso de la transcripción fonética para lograr que avatares de inteligencia artificial pronuncien discurso en lengua quechua: caso Illariy
Authors: Huamán-Águila Óscar , Fernández-García Carlos Enrique , Gonzales García Carlos Ricardo
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha generado noticia este año. En su quinta temporada, el noticiario Letras TV Willakun de la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos es conducido por Illariy (vocablo quechua que significa “Amanecer”), un avatar generado por inteligencia artificial, el único en su género que habla una lengua originaria. Este hecho nos lleva a plantearnos: ¿Cómo influye la transcripción fonética en la capacidad de la inteligencia artificial para generar discursos coherentes en lengua quechua? La investigación tiene como objetivo describir el flujo de trabajo concentrado en cómo la transcripción fonética puede lograr que la inteligencia artificial articule un discurso en lengua quechua. La metodología de la investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo, basado en la observación y el análisis del flujo de trabajo para generar que los avatares pronuncien un discurso en quechua. Entre los resultados podemos observar la existencia de una pronunciación diferenciada entre el español y el quechua, limitaciones en la articulación de algunas consonantes de la lengua quechua y que resultan irreproducible en contextos tecnofonológicos, así como el uso de pausas y comas para la producción de una oralidad quechua en el Software D-ID.
The immunomodulatory potential of vitamin D on Th17 lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus - a literature review
Authors: Predescu Oana Raluca , Dinescu Stefan Cristian , Bita Cristina Elena , Florescu Alesandra , Musetescu Anca Emanuela , Vreju Florentin , Ciurea Paulina Lucia
Published: January 2025

This review offers insight into the complex interplay between cytokines and vitamin D, with focus on its role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. It offers a helpful resource for researchers and clinicians seeking to better understand and treat SLE and related autoimmune conditions. The pathogenesis of SLE is complex and involves a wide range of cytokines, primarily of the Th2 type; these cytokines mediate hyperactivity in B lymphocytes and antibody production. Notably, vitamin D is found to suppress the activity of critical Th17-related cytokines like IL-23 and IL-6, which is pivotal for Th17 cell development and function. This ultimately leads to reduced IL-17 production, an increase in regulatory T lymphocytes, and subsequent secretion of IL-10. Supplementation with vitamin D is seen to have positive effects on SLE, leading to lower disease activity scores, decreased levels of autoantibodies, and a reduction of fatigue.
Fragile Union: A Machine Learning Analysis of Structural Heterogeneity and Divergence within the EMU
Authors: Padilla León , Carrington Sarah , Marín Eduardo
Published: January 2025

This paper applies unsupervised machine-learning techniques to a set of nominal and industrial sector production variables to examine the convergence of European Monetary Union (EMU) member countries, focusing on macroeconomic and structural homogeneity. Our findings reveal distinct clusters of countries based on macroeconomic stability and industrial sector characteristics, highlighting a central group of core Northern European countries and a secondary group of peripheral, mainly Southern European economies. The significant differences between these clusters, particularly when considering real factors, underscore the fragility of the EMU in the face of large or asymmetric shocks. The study emphasized the need for structural reforms and careful analysis of economic characteristics to mitigate potential risks associated with expansion, ensuring the long-term stability and resilience of the union.