bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLEXÕES PSICANALÍTICAS SOBRE A PANDEMIA E O ATUAL CENÁRIO EDUCACIONAL: REVISITANDO FERENCZI
Authors: Almeida Alexandre Patricio de
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar, sob a ótica da teoria psicanalítica, as recentes alterações nas formas de subjetivação e de adoecimentos psíquicos promovidos pela pandemia do novo vírus Covid-19. Para tanto, serão utilizadas algumas ideias de Sigmund Freud a fim de se pensar o processo de luto e a as perdas de objeto que fundamentam e estruturam a posição melancólica – o que, atualmente, ficou mais conhecido como depressão, devido às influências da nosografia psiquiátrica. De que forma esse contexto de mortes e perdas impactam os modos de ser e estar no mundo? Por que esse período de quarentena pode representar uma reviravolta nas configurações sociais e culturais presentes e futuras? Visando ampliar a discussão, o artigo se debruça, posteriormente, sobre o tema da educação e as alterações estruturais realizadas bruscamente pela imposição do isolamento social, que obrigou, de súbito, uma espécie de reinvenção da posição ocupada pela escola, abarcando professores, alunos e a comunidade como um todo. Neste âmbito da pesquisa serão abordados, essencialmente, alguns aspectos da teoria do psicanalista húngaro Sándor Ferenczi, principalmente no que tange à sua concepção de trauma psíquico, articulando esse conceito com a atual condição de desamparo afetivo que atravessa o contexto educacional pandêmico. Longe de propor respostas prontas, o trabalho apresentado problematiza as vivências de nossa época, salientando a importância da compreensão da subjetividade humana além dos fatores provenientes da racionalidade objetiva.
O USO DAS METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO SUPERIOR DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO CURSO DE BACHARELADO EM CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS
Authors: De Abreu Patricia Barreto , Braga Carneiro Célia Maria
Published: February 2022

O uso de metodologias ativas em condições adversas atende o objetivo desta pesquisa que é analisar o uso das metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem para os discentes da disciplina de Teoria da Contabilidade, do curso noturno, de Bacharelado em Ciências Contábeis da UFCE, no campus Fortaleza (CE) durante a transição do modelo de ensino presencial para o modelo remoto síncrono em decorrência da pandemia da Covid-19. A pesquisa é exploratória, descritiva, qualitativa e quantitativa, com delineamentos bibliográfico, documental, estudo de caso e survey. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se as técnicas de observação direta intensiva e extensiva, e para a análise de dados, a estatística descritiva. A amostra foi composta por 33 discentes que cursaram regularmente a disciplina nos períodos de 2019.1(17) e 2020.1(16). Os resultados evidenciaram que, apesar da heterogeneidade socioeconômica e de infraestrutura dos discentes, o modelo de ensino remoto aliado ao uso das metodologias ativas e das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC’s) foi a solução mais viável para a continuidade das atividades acadêmicas no período pandêmico, potencializando o aprendizado dos discentes, o desenvolvimento de diversas habilidades no uso de ferramentas tecnológicas e de competências comportamentais e profissionais relevantes no século XXI, como responsabilidade, pensamento crítico e reflexivo, comunicação oral, gestão e análise de dados, tomada de decisões, trabalho em equipe e colaboração. Os maiores impactos negativos estão relacionados à vida familiar, profissional e acadêmica dos discentes.
Computational Strategies to Identify New Drug Candidates against
Neuroinflammation
Authors: Pavan Matteo , Bassani Davide , Bolcato Giovanni , Bissaro Maicol , Sturlese Mattia , Moro Stefano
Published: February 2022

Increasing application of computational approaches in these last decades has
deeply modified the process of discovery and commercialization of new therapeutic entities.
This is especially true in the field of neuroinflammation, in which both the peculiar
anatomical localization and the presence of the blood-brain barrier make it mandatory to
finely tune the candidates’ physicochemical properties from the early stages of the discovery
pipeline. The aim of this review is, therefore, to provide a general overview of neuroinflammation
to the readers, together with the most common computational strategies
that can be exploited to discover and design small molecules controlling neuroinflammation,
especially those based on the knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the biological
targets of therapeutic interest. The techniques used to describe the molecular
recognition mechanisms, such as molecular docking and molecular dynamics, will therefore
be discussed, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Finally, we report several
case studies in which computational methods have been applied to drug discovery for
neuroinflammation, focusing on the research conducted in the last decade.
A State-of-the-art Review and Prospective Therapeutic Applications
of Prenyl Flavonoids as Chemosensitizers against Antifungal Multidrug
Resistance in Candida albicans
Authors: Santi María Daniela , Ortega María Gabriela , Peralta Mariana Andrea
Published: February 2022

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans
is defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in two or more drug classes. This
phenomenon has been increasingly reported since the rise in the incidence of fungal infections
in immunocompromised patients at the end of the last century.
After the discovery of efflux pump overexpression as a principal mechanism causing
MDR in Candida strains, drug discovery targeting fungal efflux transporters has had a
growing impact. Chemosensitization aims to enhance azole intracellular concentrations
through combination therapy with transporter inhibitors. Consequently, the use of drug efflux
inhibitors combined with the antifungal agent will sensitize the pathogen. As a result,
the use of lower drug concentrations will reduce possible adverse effects on the
host.
Through an extensive revision of the literature, this review aims to provide an exhaustive
and critical analysis of the studies carried out in the past two decades regarding the chemosensitization
strategy to cope with multidrug resistance in C. albicans. This work provides
a deep analysis of the research on the inhibition of drug-efflux membrane transporters
by prenylated flavonoids and the interactions of these phytocompounds with
azole antifungals as an approach to chemosensitize multidrug-resistant C. albicans
strains. We highlight the importance of prenylflavonoids and their particular chemical
and pharmacological characteristics that make them excellent candidates with therapeutic
potential as chemosensitizers. Finally, we propose the need for further research on prenyl
flavonoids as inhibitors of drug-efflux mediated fungal resistance.
Rapid Nucleic Acid Reaction Circuits for Point-of-care Diagnosis of
Diseases
Authors: Santiago-McRae Ezry , Oh Sung Won , Carlo Anthony Monte , Bar Omri , Guan Emily , Zheng Doris , Grgicak Catherine , Fu Jinglin
Published: February 2022

An urgent need exists for a rapid, cost-effective, facile, and reliable nucleic acid assay for mass screening to control and prevent the spread of emerging pandemic diseases. This urgent need is not fully met by current diagnostic tools. In this review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art research in novel nucleic acid amplification and detection that could be applied to point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and mass screening of diseases. The critical technological breakthroughs will be discussed for their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we will discuss the future challenges of developing nucleic acid-based POC diagnosis.
The Photoreaction of Pyrylium Cation with Water: A DFT Study
Authors: D’Auria Maurizio
Published: February 2022

The photochemical reaction of pyrylium cation with water to give a cyclopentene derivative
has been studied at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G+(d,p) level of theory. The calculation is in agreement with
an electrocyclic disrotatory reaction from the S1 singlet excited state, giving a cyclopentene epoxide
cation that can react with very low activation energy (2 kJ mol-1) with water to give the corresponding
adduct. CASSCF calculations allowed to identify a conical intersection in the S1 state, giving the cyclopentene
epoxide cation.
PEMAHAMAN GENERASI MUDA ATAS LEKSIKON TUMBUHAN PAKAN TERNAK DI DUSUN BANGELAN, KECAMATAN WONOSARI, KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Mahmudah Hidayatul
Published: February 2022

This study aims to reveal the understanding of the younger generation of the animal feed plant lexicon in the Bangelan Hamlet, Bangelan Village, Wonosari District, Malang Regency. The instrument that was made for this study consisted of 2 questionnaires, namely displaying a lexicon of fodder plants with pictures and without images. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. Research respondents were 20 respondents, who were taken from the younger generation of 12-22 years in Bangelan Hamlet, Bangelan Village, Wonosari District, Malang Regency. The results of this study indicate that the young generation's understanding of the animal feed plant lexicon based on questionnaire 1 (without pictures) results obtained good categories of 5%, 30% enough, less 35%, and very less categories of 30%. Meanwhile, the overall recapitulation of the understanding of the younger generation of Bangelan Hamlet over TPT with questionnaire 2 (with pictures) is as follows: good category 30%, enough category 40%, 0% less category, and very less 0% category. The results of the calculation of the two questionnaires showed that respondents' knowledge of lexically animal feed plants was still relatively low. The findings in this study are found in the "rendeng" lexicon, which should be read [rεndεŋ], changes vowel sound to [rəndəng]. In the "rendeng" lexicon, the vocal sound changes from / ε / to / ə /. This is due to the poor understanding of respondents about the lexicon.
PRODUKSI KALIMAT DI MEDIA SOSIAL YOUTUBE
Authors:   Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Novitasari Rika
Published: February 2022

This study aims to describe errors in sentence production that focus on two types of errors, quiet and tongue flash. This research is included in the scope of psycholinguistic studies. This research is descriptive qualitative. The data method in this study is the observation method and note-taking technique as advanced methods. After the data is collected, the data is then transcribed autographically and the results are presented in the form of a description. The results of this study were a smile and a tongue glow. Silence is divided into two types namely silent silence and filled silence. The silence that occurs is caused by several things including unpreparedness, forgetfulness, and doubts. Tongue discharge can be due to a variety of things, is rushed, humorous, unconscious, and unfocused.
PENERAPAN METODE STEM BERBASIS PROYEK UNTUK MENINGKATAN HASIL DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN SISTEM KONTROL TERPROGRAM
Authors: Suroto Suroto
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT:This research aims to: (1) describe the syntax of the implementation STEM project-based method, (2) find out the improvement of learning outcomes and activeness students in the Sistem Kontrol Terprogram subject at SMK Negeri 2 Depok Sleman. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which conducted in two cycles. Data collection using test methods, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the STEM project-based method implementation could improve students' learning outcomes and activeness. The learning outcome in the cognitive domain in cycle 1 obtained the percentage of completeness of 84.38% and in cycle 2 was 96.88%, an increase of 12.5%. The results of learning observations in the psychomotor domain, the percentage completion in cycle 1 was 93.75% and in cycle 2 was 93.75%. The observation results of students' activeness obtained a percentage in cycle 1 of 76.82% and cycle 2 of 81.25%, an increase of 4.43%.ABSTRAK:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendiskripsikan sintak penerapan metode STEM berbasis proyek, (2) mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Sistem Kontrol Terprogram kelas 12 SMK Negeri 2 Depok Sleman. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Pengumpulan data dengan metode tes, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode STEM berbasis proyek dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan peserta didik. Hasil belajar ranah kognitif pada siklus 1 diperoleh hasil persentase ketuntasan  sebesar 84,38% dan siklus 2 sebesar 96,88% mengalami peningkatan sebesar 12,5%. Hasil observasi pembelajaran ranah psikomotorik persentase ketuntasan pada siklus 1 sebesar 93,75% dan siklus 2 sebesar 93,75%. Hasil observasi keaktifan peserta didik memperoleh hasil persentase pada siklus 1 sebesar 76,82% dan pada siklus 2 sebesar  81,25%, mengalami peningkatan sebesar 4,43%.
DESIGN PEDAGÓGICO DE MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS: PERFORMANCE DOCENTE NA PRODUÇÃO HIPERMIDIÁTICA EM AMBIENTES VIRTUAIS1
Authors: Jacques Juliana Sales , Mallmann Elena Maria
Published: February 2022

Abordamos, neste artigo, a produção de materiais didáticos hipermidiáticos em ambientes virtuais sob o design pedagógico de um exemplar teórico-prático desenvolvido em equipe multidisciplinar. O objetivo é evidenciar possibilidades de estruturação didático-metodológica de recursos (conteúdos) hipermidiáticos acoplados a atividades de estudo, bem como elucidar as especificidades da performancedocente nesse contexto. A tipologia metodológica da pesquisa-ação sustentou o movimento cíclico de ação-reflexão-ação no trabalho multidisciplinar em torno de atividades de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e capacitação para a produção hipermidiática em ambientes virtuais. Lançamos mão do diário de observação participante e de questionários tipo survey para acompanhamento, registro e análise dos dados coletados no decorrer do processo. A análise teve como base metodológica a triangulação de fontes (observação, participação/intervenção e aplicação de questionários). Os resultados, analisados à luz da interação colaborativa multidisciplinar, apontam que o design pedagógico desenvolvido pela equipe multidisciplinar sustenta-se na interatividade, potencializada pelo acoplamento de mídias, e na interação dialógico-problematizadora em torno dos conteúdos escolares. Por fim, concluímos que o exemplar teórico-prático, apresentado como possibilidade de design pedagógico de materiais didáticos hipermidiáticos, constitui-se em inovação tecnológico-pedagógica potencializadora de flexibilização e democratização das práticas escolares mediadas por tecnologias em rede.
GAMIFICAÇÃO EM ESPAÇOS DE CONVIVÊNCIA HÍBRIDOS E MULTIMODAIS: DESIGN E COGNIÇÃO EM DISCUSSÃO
Authors: Schlemmer Eliane
Published: February 2022

O artigo emerge da pesquisa Gamificação em Espaços de Convivência Híbridos e Multimodais: uma Experiência no Ensino Superior1e objetiva compreender e discutir a relação design-cognição na docência, num contexto de configuração de Espaços de Convivência Híbridos e Multimodais, na perspectiva da Gamificação. A pesquisa, de natureza exploratória e abordagem qualitativa, usa como metodologia Design Research e cartogra-fia, e como instrumentos: observação, registros fotográficos digitais, registros em filmadoras digitais, registros em áudio digital e registros escritos. Para a análise dos dados utiliza a análise textual discursiva. Os principais resultados evidenciam que a relação design-cognição na docência ocorre na medida em que o docente está sujeito construtor ativo do design da experiência, sendo fundamental para que atribua sentidos a uma prática inovadora, por “estar na situação” e, portanto, poder falar “de dentro”, a partir do seu processo de aprendi-zagem. Assim, como conclusão é possível dizer que a relação design-cognição na docência, principalmente vinculada à configuração de Espaços de Convivência Híbridos e Multimodais na perspectiva da Gamificação, ocorre na medida em que o docente configura, juntamente com os discentes, esses espaços de convivência, em que o outro é reconhecido como legítimo na interação e, portanto, alguém com quem se pode aprender.
Optimal Treatment Selection in Sequential Systemic and Locoregional Therapy of Oropharyngeal Squamous Carcinomas: Deep Q-Learning With a Patient-Physician Digital Twin Dyad
Authors: Tardini Elisa , Zhang Xinhua , Canahuate Guadalupe , Wentzel Andrew , Mohamed Abdallah S R , Van Dijk Lisanne , Fuller Clifton D , Marai G Elisabeta
Published: February 2022

Background

Currently, selection of patients for sequential versus concurrent chemotherapy and radiation regimens lacks evidentiary support and it is based on locally optimal decisions for each step.

Objective

We aim to optimize the multistep treatment of patients with head and neck cancer and predict multiple patient survival and toxicity outcomes, and we develop, apply, and evaluate a first application of deep Q-learning (DQL) and simulation to this problem.

Methods

The treatment decision DQL digital twin and the patient’s digital twin were created, trained, and evaluated on a data set of 536 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with the goal of, respectively, determining the optimal treatment decisions with respect to survival and toxicity metrics and predicting the outcomes of the optimal treatment on the patient. Of the data set of 536 patients, the models were trained on a subset of 402 (75%) patients (split randomly) and evaluated on a separate set of 134 (25%) patients. Training and evaluation of the digital twin dyad was completed in August 2020. The data set includes 3-step sequential treatment decisions and complete relevant history of the patient cohort treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center between 2005 and 2013, with radiomics analysis performed for the segmented primary tumor volumes.

Results

On the test set, we found mean 87.35% (SD 11.15%) and median 90.85% (IQR 13.56%) accuracies in treatment outcome prediction, matching the clinicians’ outcomes and improving the (predicted) survival rate by +3.73% (95% CI –0.75% to 8.96%) and the dysphagia rate by +0.75% (95% CI –4.48% to 6.72%) when following DQL treatment decisions.

Conclusions

Given the prediction accuracy and predicted improvement regarding the medically relevant outcomes yielded by this approach, this digital twin dyad of the patient-physician dynamic treatment problem has the potential of aiding physicians in determining the optimal course of treatment and in assessing its outcomes.
Identifying Patients With Delirium Based on Unstructured Clinical Notes: Observational Study
Authors: Ge Wendong , Alabsi Haitham , Jain Aayushee , Ye Elissa , Sun Haoqi , Fernandes Marta , Magdamo Colin , Tesh Ryan A , Collens Sarah I , Newhouse Amy , MVR Moura Lidia , Zafar Sahar , Hsu John , Akeju Oluwaseun , Robbins Gregory K , Mukerji Shibani S , Das Sudeshna , Westover M Brandon
Published: February 2022

Background

Delirium in hospitalized patients is a syndrome of acute brain dysfunction. Diagnostic (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]) codes are often used in studies using electronic health records (EHRs), but they are inaccurate.

Objective

We sought to develop a more accurate method using natural language processing (NLP) to detect delirium episodes on the basis of unstructured clinical notes.

Methods

We collected 1.5 million notes from >10,000 patients from among 9 hospitals. Seven experts iteratively labeled 200,471 sentences. Using these, we trained three NLP classifiers: Support Vector Machine, Recurrent Neural Networks, and Transformer. Testing was performed using an external data set. We also evaluated associations with delirium billing (ICD) codes, medications, orders for restraints and sitters, direct assessments (Confusion Assessment Method [CAM] scores), and in-hospital mortality. F1 scores, confusion matrices, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) were used to compare NLP models. We used the φ coefficient to measure associations with other delirium indicators.

Results

The transformer NLP performed best on the following parameters: micro F1=0.978, macro F1=0.918, positive AUC=0.984, and negative AUC=0.992. NLP detections exhibited higher correlations (φ) than ICD codes with deliriogenic medications (0.194 vs 0.073 for ICD codes), restraints and sitter orders (0.358 vs 0.177), mortality (0.216 vs 0.000), and CAM scores (0.256 vs –0.028).

Conclusions

Clinical notes are an attractive alternative to ICD codes for EHR delirium studies but require automated methods. Our NLP model detects delirium with high accuracy, similar to manual chart review. Our NLP approach can provide more accurate determination of delirium for large-scale EHR-based studies regarding delirium, quality improvement, and clinical trails.
The Effects of Malnutrition on the Immune System of Those Living in Food Deserts and Food Swamps
Authors: Vizgan Gabriel
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Malnutrition is a leading cause of immunodeficiency worldwide; in particular, vitamin A and protein malnutrition seem to wreak devastating effects on various types of white blood cells. This research paper undertakes a primarily qualitative approach, curating and summarizing the most cited published findings on the effects of vitamin A and protein deprivation on leukocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, B cells, and T cells. All were found to be decreased in serum levels and/or have diminished efficacy in those that were malnourished, statistically significant to a p  0.05. This research is relevant as it may provide another compounding variable when regarding why those of lower socioeconomic class – especially those living in food deserts and food swamps – seem to experience disease at a greater incidence and burden than their more affluent age and sex matched counterparts.
House Price Prediction Using Regression
Authors: Shukla Meha Ajay Kumar
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The housing sector is the second largest employment provider after agriculture sector in India and is estimated to grow at 30% over the next decade. Housing is one of the major sectors of real estate and is well complemented by the growth of the urban and semi-urban accommodations. Ambiguity among the prices of houses makes it difficult for the buyer to select their dream house. The interest of both buyers and sellers should be satisfied so that they do not overestimate or underestimate price. Our system provides a decisive housing price prediction model to benefit a buyer and seller or a real estate agent to make a better-informed decision system on multiple features. To achieve this, various features are selected as input from feature set and various approaches can be taken such as Regression Models or ANN. Keywords: Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Supervised Machine Learning, Regression, Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
VI conference of the Balearic Society of Surgery , SOBACIR
Authors:   Equipo Editorial
Published: February 2022

VI CONFERENCE OF THE BALEARIC SOCIETY OF SURGERY, SOBACIR. VI JORNADA DE LA SOCIEDAD BALEAR DE CIRUGÍA, SOBACIR
Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill codes: A lattice perspective
Authors: Conrad Jonathan , Eisert Jens , Arzani Francesco
Published: February 2022

We examine general Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes for continuous-variable quantum error correction, including concatenated GKP codes, through the lens of lattice theory, in order to better understand the structure of this class of stabilizer codes. We derive formal bounds on code parameters, show how different decoding strategies are precisely related, propose new ways to obtain GKP codes by means of glued lattices and the tensor product of lattices and point to natural resource savings that have remained hidden in recent approaches. We present general results that we illustrate through examples taken from different classes of codes, including scaled self-dual GKP codes and the concatenated surface-GKP code.
Exponential decay of mutual information for Gibbs states of local Hamiltonians
Authors: Bluhm Andreas , Capel Ángela , Pérez-Hernández Antonio
Published: February 2022

The thermal equilibrium properties of physical systems can be described using Gibbs states. It is therefore of great interest to know when such states allow for an easy description. In particular, this is the case if correlations between distant regions are small. In this work, we consider 1D quantum spin systems with local, finite-range, translation-invariant interactions at any temperature. In this setting, we show that Gibbs states satisfy uniform exponential decay of correlations and, moreover, the mutual information between two regions decays exponentially with their distance, irrespective of the temperature. In order to prove the latter, we show that exponential decay of correlations of the infinite-chain thermal states, exponential uniform clustering and exponential decay of the mutual information are equivalent for 1D quantum spin systems with local, finite-range interactions at any temperature. In particular, Araki's seminal results yields that the three conditions hold in the translation-invariant case. The methods we use are based on the Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy and on techniques developed by Araki. Moreover, we find that the Gibbs states of the systems we consider are superexponentially close to saturating the data-processing inequality for the Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy.
A ontologia anfibólica da música
Authors: Freitas Verlaine
Published: February 2022

O objetivo desse ensaio é fazer um comentário de alguns tópicos temáticos presentes no texto “Ontologia da música e o ‘Clube poético-musical de Kreisler’” de Fernando R. de Moraes Barros. Focalizaresmos três pontos principais: a identidade ontológico-material da música, o problema da invenção ou descoberta de novos elementos musicais e o valor de reflexões radicais sobre o fenômeno sonoro para a compreensão da música.
Em busca da palavra que transforma: Um diálogo (durante o isolamento pandêmico) sobre arte, liberdade e natureza
Authors: Gonçalves Márcia Cristina
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é estabelecer um diálogo com o texto de autoria de Imaculada Kangussu intitulado “A dimensão estética em tempos de contágio” sobre a condição humana atual de não-liberdade e alienação, acentuada pelo isolamento social provocado pela pandemia de Coronavírus. A questão principal é sobre a possibilidade da que arte seja ainda um meio viável para a libertação da opressão e manipulação, provocadas não apenas pela chamada indústria cultural - na qual a experiência estética é reduzida ao entretenimento e à alienação, mas também pelo mais recente fenômeno cultural denominado indústria da atenção, formado a partir das redes digitais e capaz não mais apenas de alienar o ser humano de seu contexto social e político, mas sobretudo de afastá-lo do mundo real e concreto da natureza.
Disordered Eating in Adolescents and Young Adults with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Kass Alexandra , Berbert Laura , Dahlberg Suzanne , Bern Elana , Sabharwal Sabina , Leonard Jessica , Richmond Tracy , Sawicki Gregory
Published: February 2022

Introduction: There is evidence for increased risk of eating disorders
in individuals with diet-treated chronic illnesses, however, data in
patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is less clear. No studies have
evaluated avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in the CF
population. We investigated the prevalence of disordered eating,
including ARFID, in adolescents and young adults with CF. Methods:
Patients with CF aged 14-35 years were recruited to complete three
validated surveys: (1)Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q),
(2)Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Scale (NIAS), and
(3)Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R). Univariate linear
regression analysis identified baseline risk factors associated with
these survey scores. Variables with univariate p<0.20 were
considered for inclusion in a multivariable linear regression model.
Backwards stepwise linear regression was used to identify the final
model. Results: A total of 52 patients enrolled. The prevalence of
eating disorder measured on the EDE-Q was 9.6%, and on the NIAS was
13.5%. The CFQ-R eating and weight subscales were associated with
scores on the EDE-Q, and CFQ-R eating subscale and being dF508
homozygous were correlated with the NIAS total score. Discussion: A
clinically significant number of participants screened positive for
disordered eating on the EDE-Q and NIAS. Scores on the eating and weight
scales of the CFQ-R were associated with the scores on these surveys.
Further work is needed to better understand the optimal way to use such
tools to screen and treat for eating disorders in individuals with CF.
An energy-based method for lifetime assessment on high strength steel welded joints under different pre-strain levels
Authors: Mi Chengji , Huang Zhonglin , Wang Haibo , Zhang Dong , Xiong Tao , Jian Haigen , Mi Chengji
Published: February 2022

The pre-loading on the engineering materials or structures may produce
pre-strain, especially plastic strain, which would change the fatigue
failure mechanism during their service time. In this paper, an
energy-based method for fatigue life prediction on high strength steel
welded joints under different pre-strain levels was presented. Three
kinds of tensile pre-straining were conducted on the specimens, and the
cyclic stress and strain responses with pre-loading were compared with
the ones without pre-loading at the same strain level. The experimental
work showed that the plastic strain energy density of pre-strained
welded joints was enlarged, while the elastic strain energy density of
pre-strained welded joints was reduced. Then, based on the strain energy
density method, a fatigue life estimation model of the high strength
steel welded joints in consideration of the pre-straining was proposed.
The predicted results agreed well with the test data.
Genotyping of Respiratory Syncytial Virus among influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection cases of children in the Philippines from 2006-2016
Authors: Morin Jonjee , Arguelles Vina , Foronda Janiza Lianne , Tan Alvin , Lagamayo Evelina , Dapat Clyde , Lupisan Socorro
Published: February 2022

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of severe lower
respiratory infection and therefore, a major threat to global health. In
the Philippines, RSV is the second most common respiratory viral
pathogen next to rhinovirus among children with severe pneumonia. Since
2006, national influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory
infection (SARI) surveillances have been mainly focused only on
influenza viruses. The prevalence and genetic diversity of RSV in the
last decades were not completely elucidated. This study determined the
epidemiological and molecular characteristics of RSV among (ILI) and
(SARI) cases of children in the Philippines. The Philippine National
Influenza Centre (PNIC) collected oropharyngeal swab and nasopharyngeal
swab samples from patients under the age of five who are presented with
ILI and SARI for the period of 2006-2016. These swabs have been examined
for RSV subgroup by multiplex real-time qRT-PCR. Sequencing and
phylogenetic analyses were used to determine the genotype of RSV
samples. A total of 1,036 samples were systematically selected and
tested. Of these samples, 122 were RSV-positive at 11.8 % prevalence
rate, and 58.2% (71/122) were classified as RSV-A. Six genotypes were
identified, which included NA1 (27/122, 22.1%), ON1 (5/122, 4.1%), GA2
(1/122, 0.8%) and GA5 (1/123, 0.8%) for RSV-A; and BA2 (13/122,
10.7%) and BA9 (1/122, 0.8%) for RSV-B. Most RSV-related cases were
significantly associated with pneumonia and bronchitis. The pattern of
RSV activity in the Philippines resembles the transmission of RSV
globally.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in calves from organic and conventional dairy farms in Switzerland
Authors: Nüesch-Inderbinen Magdalena , Hänni Claudia , Hartnack Sonja , Zurfluh Katrin , Stephan Roger
Published: February 2022

This study compared the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among commensal
Escherichia coli in the fecal microbiota of young calves raised on
organic and on conventional dairy farms in Switzerland. Further, fecal
carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing
Enterobacteriaceae was assessed for calves from both farming systems.
Where possible, data on antimicrobial usage (AMU) were obtained.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on a total of 71
isolates using the disk diffusion method. ESBL producers were
characterized by PCR-based multilocus sequence typing and sequencing of
the blaESBL genes. Organically raised calves were significantly more
likely to harbor E. coli that showed antimicrobial resistance to
ampicillin (OR 2.78, 95%CI 1.02–7.61, p=0.046), streptomycin (OR 3.22,
95%CI 1.17–8.92, p=0.046), kanamycin (OR 11.3, 95%CI 2.94–43.50,
p<0.001), and tetracycline (OR 3.25, 95%, 95%CI 1.13–9.31,
p=0.028). Calves with reported AMU were significantly more likely to
harbor E. coli with resistance to ampicillin (OR 3.91, 95%CI
1.03–14.85, p=0.045), streptomycin (OR 4.35, 95%CI 1.13–16.7,
p=0.045), and kanamycin (OR 8.69 95%CI 2.01–37.7, p=0.004).
ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (18 E. coli and 3 Citrobacter braakii)
were detected exclusively among samples from conventionally farmed
calves (OR infinity (∞), 95%CI 2.3–∞, p< 0.0013). The
observations from this study suggest that AMR is highly prevalent among
commensal E. coli in young dairy calves, irrespective of the farm
management system, with proportions of certain resistance phenotypes
higher among organic calves. By contrast, the occurrence of ESBL
producers among young dairy calves may be linked to factors associated
with conventional farming.
A Study on Teachers’ Sense of Self-Efficacy in Defence Authority Educational Institutions, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Jabeen Rukhanda , Iqbal Khan Azhar
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which teacher efficacy is understood by the Defence Authority Institution's teachers and the extent teacher efficacy behaviors were practiced in the Defence Authority Institutions. A survey research design was chosen for this quantitative study, which focuses on teachers’ perceptions about teacher efficacy in Defence Authority Institutions schools. Data was collected through the Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) which is a 24-item measure of three subscales: Efficacy in Student Engagement, Instructional Strategies, and Classroom Management developed by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001), and it is also called the Ohio State Teacher Efficacy Scale (OSTES). This scale was used to collect data from the teachers of Defence Authority Institutions schools to examine their perceptions about teacher efficacy. Data were collected from 393 Defence Authority Institution's teachers. The survey consisted of two sections. Part 1 requested demographic data and Part 2 contained 24 items of the TSES (Long Form instrument). Eight findings emerged after analyzing the data. These findings indicated that the teachers had a strong understanding of teacher efficacy and practiced teacher efficacy behaviors associated with improving the teaching and learning process. However, the findings also illustrated that the Defence Authority Institutions needed to include teacher efficacy as part of a sustained professional development program. Recommendations were provided to facilitate the improvement and strengthening of teacher efficacy across the Defence Authority Institutions of Pakistan.
To study Cost of Quality elements for designing and development of Quality by Operation project in English Biscuits Manufacturers Pvt Ltd
Authors: Haq Mirza Amin ul
Published: February 2022

The term cost of quality (COQ) explains how an organization can use its resources to the best in order to raise its product’s quality or services and prevent poor quality resulting in any form of failure. This information help organization in determining possible saving that could be achieved on process improvements.
Due to the current situation of world economic and market competition, organizations are working to reduce their supply chain cost. For this being an employee of quality assurance department, selected the project to work in the reduction of cost of quality specifically appraisal cost because currently, the company has very high (approx. 70%) of its Quality budget associated with quality control activities thus decided to design and development of ‘’ Quality by Operation Project ‘’ to optimize the cost of quality.
The goals of this project are to measure, the appraisal cost and enhance the skill of the production workforce, and to highlight steps to optimize costs and processes. To create a better approach that makes an employee responsible for their own quality control and manufacturing a defect-free product.
The influence of Social media marketing on consumer purchase intention: investigating the effect of non-local brands.
Authors: Raza Ahsan , Saleem Munira , Ali Iqra
Published: February 2022

A large number of people are using social media which gives advantages to marketers to keep connected with their customers and also keep updated about what customers want. In this research, we are discussing the effect of social media marketing from the perception of non-local brands. The problem that we identified in the previous research is the easy usage of non-local brands' websites and apps which could be a concern for the social media consumers’ purchase intentions in Pakistan which are being investigated in this research along with other variables. The literature of the study includes a detailed discussion about the hypothesis which consists of the relationship between brand trust, brand community, brand awareness, emotional attachment, Interaction and ease of use with purchase intention, and the relationship between purchase intention and brand loyalty. This research approach was quantitative. The Data were collected online from 351 social media users in Pakistan. The research model was empirically tested using a structural equation model. This research has seven hypotheses in which H1, H2, H3 are rejected and H4 to H7 are accepted. This research has identified that companies should increase interaction, emotional attachment, and ease of use through social media to influence the consumer’s purchase intention to increase brand loyalty.
Ectopic thyroid nodes in the mediastinum - report of two cases
Authors: Djuric-Stefanovic Aleksandra , Saponjski Dusan , Stosic Katarina , Milosevic Stefan
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Ectopic thyroid is a rare anomaly characterized by presence of thyroid tissue outside its normal location, which could be the consequence of developmental abnormality, sequestration of thyroid nodes from nodal thyroid goiter or mechanical implantation of thyroid tissue after resection or trauma. Ectopic thyroid is commonly incidentally detected and causes differential diagnostic dilemma towards the neck and mediastinal tumors. The object of this report was to present two types of ectopic thyroid nodes located in the upper mediastinum, incidentally discovered by computed tomography (CT). Outline of cases. A hyperdense nodular lesion was found in the anterior upper mediastinum in a 42-yearold woman with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction in whom CT was performed due to staging purposes. Metastatic left supraclavicular lymph node was considered in the differential diagnosis. However, as the node was located in front of the neck fascia and just below the thyroid gland and showed similar density to thyroid tissue, the diagnosis of accessory thyroid gland was made, which was later confirmed by multiple repeated CT scans during the two-year follow-up period. In a 52-year-old woman presenting with intermittent chest pain and cough, contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed nodal thyroid goiter and three nodes of similar CT texture, located in the upper mediastinum, below the thyroid gland. Accordingly, the diagnosis of parasitic mediastinal goiter thyroid nodes was made. Conclusion. Ectopic thyroid nodes are presented by CT as well-circumscribed nodes of the same density as the thyroid gland, typically located anteriorly in the upper mediastinum.
Accountants, Cybersecurity Isn't Just for “Techies”: Incorporating Cybersecurity into the Accounting Curriculum
Authors: Boss Scott R. , Gray Joy , Janvrin Diane J.
Published: February 2022

In today's business world, it is essential that accountants be concerned about cybersecurity in their organizations and in the work they perform. Despite increasing importance as well as regulatory and professional emphasis, most accounting curricula limit cybersecurity coverage to accounting information systems courses. We argue that cybersecurity concepts should be introduced at all levels of the accounting curriculum, and we provide six short, open-ended cases that highlight the relationship between cybersecurity and the accounting curriculum. Instructors can assign one or more of these cases as individual or group exercises in introductory, core, and/or advanced accounting classes. The cases address cybersecurity disclosure issues in financial reporting, the impact of a client cybersecurity breach on financial audit, the risks to tax preparers of storing personally identifiable information, calculating and evaluating the costs of cybersecurity breaches, and examining cybersecurity disclosures in 10-Ks. Case efficacy was evaluated in multiple courses and learning environments.
Trans Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Analysis of 12 Prospective Cohort Studies in the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE)
Authors: Lai Heidi T.M. , Imamura Fumiaki , Korat Andres V. Ardisson , Murphy Rachel A. , Tintle Nathan , Bassett Julie K. , Chen Jiaying , Kröger Janine , Chien Kuo-Liong , Senn Mackenzie , Wood Alexis C. , Forouhi Nita G. , Schulze Matthias B. , Harris William S. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Hu Frank , Giles Graham G. , Hodge Allison , Djousse Luc , Brouwer Ingeborg A. , Qian Frank , Sun Qi , Wu Jason H.Y. , Marklund Matti , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Siscovick David S. , Fretts Amanda M. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Manson JoAnn E. , Howard Barbara V. , Robinson Jennifer G. , Wallace Robert B. , Wareham Nick J. , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Rotter Jerome I. , Tsai Michael Y. , Micha Renata , Mozaffarian Dariush ,   the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE)
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have harmful biologic effects that could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the prospective associations of TFA biomarkers and T2D by conducting an individual participant-level pooled analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We included data from an international consortium of 12 prospective cohorts and nested case-control studies from six nations. TFA biomarkers were measured in blood collected between 1990 and 2008 from 25,126 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent diabetes. Each cohort conducted de novo harmonized analyses using a prespecified protocol, and findings were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by prespecified between-study and within-study characteristics.

RESULTS

During a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, 2,843 cases of incident T2D were identified. In multivariable-adjusted pooled analyses, no significant associations with T2D were identified for trans/trans-18:2, relative risk (RR) 1.09 (95% CI 0.94–1.25); cis/trans-18:2, 0.89 (0.73–1.07); and trans/cis-18:2, 0.87 (0.73–1.03). Trans-16:1n-9, total trans-18:1, and total trans-18:2 were inversely associated with T2D (RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.67–0.99], 0.86 [0.75–0.99], and 0.84 [0.74–0.96], respectively). Findings were not significantly different according to prespecified sources of potential heterogeneity (each P ≥ 0.1).

CONCLUSIONS

Circulating individual trans-18:2 TFA biomarkers were not associated with risk of T2D, while trans-16:1n-9, total trans-18:1, and total trans-18:2 were inversely associated. Findings may reflect the influence of mixed TFA sources (industrial vs. natural ruminant), a general decline in TFA exposure due to policy changes during this period, or the relatively limited range of TFA levels.
Association Between Change in Accelerometer-Measured and Self-Reported Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease in the Look AHEAD Trial
Authors: Jakicic John M. , Berkowitz Robert I. , Bolin Paula , Bray George A. , Clark Jeanne M. , Coday Mace , Egan Caitlin , Evans Mary , Foreyt John P. , Fulton Janet E. , Greenway Frank L. , Gregg Edward W. , Hazuda Helen P. , Hill James O. , Horton Edward S. , Hubbard Van S. , Jeffery Robert W. , Johnson Karen C. , Johnson Ruby , Kahn Steven E. , Kure Anne , Lang Wei , Lewis Cora E. , Nathan David M. , Patricio Jennifer , Peters Anne , Pi-Sunyer Xavier , Pownall Henry , Rejeski W. Jack , Safford Monika , Stewart Kerry J. , Wadden Thomas A. , Walkup Michael P. , Wing Rena R. , Wyatt Holly
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE: To conduct post-hoc
secondary analysis examining the association between change in physical
activity (PA), measured with self-report and accelerometry, from baseline to 1
and 4 years and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in the Look AHEAD Trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants were adults with overweight/obesity
and type 2 diabetes with PA data at baseline and year 1 or 4 (n = 1,978). Participants
were randomized to diabetes support and education or intensive lifestyle
intervention. Measures included accelerometry-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA
(MVPA), self-reported PA, and composite (morbidity and mortality) CVD outcomes.

RESULTS: In pooled analyses of all participants, using Cox
proportional hazards models, each 100 MET-min/wk increase in accelerometry-measured
MVPA from baseline to 4 years was associated with decreased risk of the subsequent
primary composite outcome of CVD. Results were consistent for changes in total MVPA
[HR=0.97 (95% CI: 0.95, 0.99)] and MVPA accumulated in >10-minute
bouts [HR=0.95 (95% CI: 0.91, 0.98)], with a similar pattern for secondary CVD
outcomes. Change in accelerometry-measured MVPA at 1 year and self-reported
change in PA at 1 and 4 years were not associated with CVD outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Increased accelerometry-measured MVPA from
baseline to year 4 is associated with decreased risk of CVD outcomes. This
suggests the need for long-term engagement in MVPA to reduce the risk of CVD in
adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Apply Binary Logistic Regression Model to Recognize the Risk Factors of Diabetes through Measuring Glycated Hemoglobin Levels
Authors: Mahmood Nozad H , Yahya Rebaz O. , Aziz Saya J.
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to identify diabetes risk factors in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and explain why diabetes is rapidly spreading there, which examined some sociodemographic characteristics factors that might affect type 2 diabetes such as age, gender, alcohol consumption, and smoking, diabetes family history, and body weight. The data was collected from the hospital of diabetes named the center of diabetes in Sulaymaniyah city of Iraq, in which 218 diabetic cases were used for that purpose. According to the findings, some factors influence type 2 diabetes, such as Gender, Smoking, and Body Weight. For Gender, Females are more likely to have diabetes than males. Also, someone that smokes is more likely to have diabetes than those who do not smoke. Furthermore, with increasing each kilogram of body weight, the diabetes degree increases as well. On the other hand, regarding the results, some factors such as Age, Consumption of Alcoholic, and Diabetes Family History do not affect type 2 diabetes. Depending on the findings, it is recommended that people engage in regular physical activity and consume nutritious foods to minimize weight gain, which is one of the primary causes of diabetes as well as they should quit smoking.