bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le droit comme rempart utile? L’usage par les travailleurs étrangers temporaires des ressources proposées par le droit du travail
Authors: Gesualdi-Fecteau Dalia
Published: March 2016

L’usage du droit se traduit, dans la réalité sociale, par le recours aux modèles d’action ou de référence que proposent les normes juridiques. Or, le recours au droit intervient dans un contexte local, concret, spécifique et historiquement situé (Ewick et Silbey, 1998). Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche qui avait pour but de documenter le rapport qu’entretiennent avec le droit du travail certaines catégories de travailleurs étrangers temporaires occupant des emplois qui requièrent un niveau réduit de formation. Sur le plan formel, cet ensemble régulatoire, qui a pour principale fonction la protection des salariés, s’applique intégralement à ces travailleurs, et ce, nonobstant leur statut migratoire. Toutefois, plusieurs travaux démontrent que ces travailleurs sont généralement moins enclins à dénoncer la violation de leurs droits au travail. Le droit du travail constitue-t-il un rempart utile pour ces travailleurs? À l’aide d’une méthodologie impliquant notamment une enquête de terrain, cette étude permet de mettre en lumière l’incidence du système d’emploi singulier dans lequel s’insèrent les travailleurs étrangers temporaires sur leur usage des ressources proposées par le droit du travail. Le recours à ces ressources n’est pas contingent et prédéterminé; il est inextricablement lié aux opportunités et aux contraintes avec lesquelles ces travailleurs composent. Cette recherche révèle également que les stratégies échafaudées par différents acteurs qui ne sont pas, sur le plan juridique, des parties au rapport salarial ont une incidence significative sur l’usage du droit; l’impact de celles-ci dépend largement du pouvoir dont ces acteurs disposent dans le système d’emploi.
Bursting through the cell cycle
Authors: Ben-Moshe Shani , Itzkovitz Shalev
Published: March 2016

How are cells able to maintain constant levels of mRNA when the number of genes in a cell doubles ahead of cell division?
MEAT GOAT ENTERPRISE EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
Authors: QUSHIM BERDIKUL , GILLESPIE JEFFREY , McMILLIN KENNETH
Published: March 2016

Meat goat enterprise efficiency was estimated using an input distance function (IDF) by applying stochastic production frontier techniques for the southeastern U.S. region. We found increasing returns to scale and scope economies for southeastern U.S. meat goat enterprises. Mean technical efficiency was 0.81. Our results suggest southeastern U.S. meat goat enterprises can be scale efficient if their size of operation is >~60 goats or >40 breeding does. Cost and IDF analyses show input expenses decreased substantially with increasing scale of operations in southeastern U.S. meat goat production. Empirical Monte Carlo simulation techniques show consistency of small-sample properties for the IDF.
High-speed trains: in microchannels?
Authors: Morris Jeffrey F.
Published: March 2016

Kahkeshani et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 786, 2016, R3) have studied particle ordering in suspension flow in a rectangular microchannel. Experiments and numerical simulations reveal that inertial focusing and hydrodynamic interactions result in long-lived ‘trains’ of regularly spaced particles. The preferred spacing is frustrated at sufficient particle concentration, an important feature for applications.
Which Cognitive Biases can Exacerbate our Workload?
Authors: Moss Simon A. , Wilson Samuel G. , Davis J. Mark
Published: March 2016

Despite the advent of technologies that enhance productivity, the workload of many individuals, including psychologists, remains onerous, provoking burnout and similar complications. Although the circumstances that mitigate or exacerbate the effects of workload have been studied extensively, the antecedents of these demands have not been established definitively. Without this insight, managers cannot be sure of which practices are likely to contain the workload of individuals. To resolve this shortfall, we first pose the possibility that many cognitive biases, heuristics, and illusions may, at least partly, explain elevated levels of workload. Specifically, we demonstrate that 14 established biases, such as the restraint bias and IKEA effect, are likely to prolong work hours and increase the demands on individuals. For example, according to research on the restraint bias, individuals tend to inflate their capacity to inhibit their temptations and, therefore, may overestimate their ability to work extensive hours. Second, we show that all these biases can be divided into four constellations—self-enhancement, stable worldviews, need for closure, and just world—each of which tends to dissipate whenever people experience a sense of meaning in their lives. These observations, therefore, imply that attempts to foster meaning may contain the workload of workers.
Resolved Gas Kinematics in a Sample of Low-Redshift High Star-Formation Rate Galaxies
Authors: Varidel Mathew , Pracy Michael , Croom Scott , Owers Matt S. , Sadler Elaine
Published: March 2016

We have used integral field spectroscopy of a sample of six nearby (z ~ 0.01–0.04) high star-formation rate ($\text{SFR} \sim 10\hbox{--}40$$\text{M}_\odot \text{ yr$^{-1}$}$) galaxies to investigate the relationship between local velocity dispersion and star-formation rate on sub-galactic scales. The low-redshift mitigates, to some extent, the effect of beam smearing which artificially inflates the measured dispersion as it combines regions with different line-of-sight velocities into a single spatial pixel. We compare the parametric maps of the velocity dispersion with the Hα flux (a proxy for local star-formation rate), and the velocity gradient (a proxy for the local effect of beam smearing). We find, even for these very nearby galaxies, the Hα velocity dispersion correlates more strongly with velocity gradient than with Hα flux—implying that beam smearing is still having a significant effect on the velocity dispersion measurements. We obtain a first-order non parametric correction for the unweighted and flux weighted mean velocity dispersion by fitting a 2D linear regression model to the spaxel-by-spaxel data where the velocity gradient and the Hα flux are the independent variables and the velocity dispersion is the dependent variable; and then extrapolating to zero velocity gradient. The corrected velocity dispersions are a factor of ~ 1.3–4.5 and ~ 1.3–2.7 lower than the uncorrected flux-weighted and unweighted mean line-of-sight velocity dispersion values, respectively. These corrections are larger than has been previously cited using disc models of the velocity and velocity dispersion field to correct for beam smearing. The corrected flux-weighted velocity dispersion values are σm ~ 20–50 km s−1.
Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine–Syracuse Longitudinal Study
Authors: Crichton Georgina E. , Elias Merrill F. , Torres Rachael V.
Published: March 2016

The importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance is well recognised. Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases. A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status. Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23–98 years, from the Maine–Syracuse Longitudinal Study. Cognitive function was measured using an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Usual dietary intake of soft drinks was assessed using a FFQ. Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals. These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors. Diet soft drink intake was unrelated to cognitive performance. Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify these findings and the underlying causal mechanisms.
In defence of transpalatal, transpalatal-circumaxillary (transpterygopalatine) and transpalatal-circumaxillary-sublabial approaches to lateral extensions of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors: Mishra A , Mishra S C , Verma V , Singh H P , Kumar S , Tripathi A M , Patel B , Singh V
Published: March 2016

Background:

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma often presents with lateral extensions. In countries with limited resources, selection of a cost-effective and least morbid surgical approach for complete excision is challenging.

Methods:

Sixty-three patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, with lateral extensions, underwent transpalatal, transpalatal-circumaxillary (transpterygopalatine) or transpalatal-circumaxillary-sublabial approaches for resection. Clinico-radiological characteristics, tumour volume and intra-operative bleeding were recorded.

Results:

The transpalatal approach was suitable for extensions involving medial part of pterygopalatine fossa; transpalatal-circumaxillary for extensions involving complete pterygopalatine fossa, with or without partial infratemporal fossa; and transpalatal-circumaxillary-sublabial for extensions involving complete infratemporal fossa, even cheek or temporal fossa up to zygomatic arch. Haemorrhage was greatest with the transpalatal-circumaxillary-sublabial approach, followed by transpalatal approach and transpalatal-circumaxillary approach (1212, 950 and 777 ml respectively). Tumour size (volume) was greatest with the transpalatal-circumaxillary approach, followed by transpalatal-circumaxillary-sublabial approach and transpalatal approach (40, 34 and 29 mm3). There was recurrence in three cases and residual disease in two cases. Long-term morbidity included small palatal perforation (n = 1), trismus (n = 1) and atrophic rhinitis (n = 2).

Conclusion:

These modified techniques, performed with endoscopic assistance under hypotensive anaesthesia, without embolisation, offer a superior option over other open procedures with regard to morbidity and recurrences.
The evolution of coordinated vocalizations before language
Authors: Bryant Gregory A.
Published: March 2016

Ackermann et al. briefly point out the potential significance of coordinated vocal behavior in the dual pathway model of acoustic communication. Rhythmically entrained and articulated pre-linguistic vocal activity in early hominins might have set the evolutionary stage for later refinements that manifest in modern humans as language-based conversational turn-taking, joint music-making, and other behaviors associated with prosociality.
Why we can talk, debate, and change our minds: Neural circuits, basal ganglia operations, and transcriptional factors
Authors: Lieberman Philip
Published: March 2016

Ackermann et al. disregard attested knowledge concerning aphasia, Parkinson disease, cortical-to-striatal circuits, basal ganglia, laryngeal phonation, and other matters. Their dual-pathway model cannot account for “what is special about the human brain.” Their human cortical-to-laryngeal neural circuit does not exist. Basal ganglia operations, enhanced by mutations on FOXP2, confer human motor-control, linguistic, and cognitive capabilities.
En route to disentangle the impact and neurobiological substrates of early vocalizations: Learning from Rett syndrome
Authors: Marschik Peter B. , Kaufmann Walter E. , Bölte Sven , Sigafoos Jeff , Einspieler Christa
Published: March 2016

Research on acoustic communication and its underlying neurobiological substrates has led to new insights about the functioning of central pattern generators (CPGs). CPG-related atypicalities may point to brainstem irregularities rather than cortical malfunctions for early vocalizations/babbling. The “vocal pattern generator,” together with other CPGs, seems to have great potential in disentangling neurodevelopmental disorders and potentially predict neurological development.
Speech, vocal production learning, and the comparative method
Authors: Merker Bjorn
Published: March 2016

The faith that “comparative analysis of the behaviour of modern primates, in conjunction with an accurate phylogenetic tree of relatedness, has the power to chart the early history of human cognitive evolution” (Byrne 2000 p. 543) runs afoul of the fact that no other primate besides humans is capable of vocal production learning. This basic enabling adaptation for articulate speech bears crucially on the reconstruction of language origins.
PHILIP II AGAINST THE CORTES AND THE CREDIT FREEZE OF 1575-1577
Authors: Álvarez-Nogal Carlos , Chamley Christophe
Published: March 2016

Numerous archival documents show how the suspension of payments by Philip II, in September 1575, on the contracts with Genoese bankers (asientos) induced a freeze of the domestic credit market in Castile through the bankers’ intermediation forasientosand the credit interconnections. Commercial fairs stopped, banks failed and trade suffered while the king granted legal protection to the Genoese bankers. The evidence strikingly confirms that by his strategy, Philip II was able to remove thede factoceiling on the domestic debt (juros) imposed by the fixed revenue commitment of the Castilian cities in the Cortes. The agreement with the bankers was signed in December 1577 immediately after the cities had agreed to the doubling of their commitment.
EFFICACY OF RECASTS AND GESTURES ON THE ACQUISITION OF LOCATIVE PREPOSITIONS
Authors: Nakatsukasa Kimi
Published: March 2016

This study investigates whether gestures can be used during recasts to enhance the saliency of a target structure (locative prepositions) and to lead to better production of the target structure. Forty-eight low-intermediate English as a second language (ESL) students partook in communicative activities during which they received either no feedback (control), verbal recasts only (R), or recasts plus gesture (RG), and a subset of participants completed a stimulated recall session. Then the pretest, immediate, and delayed posttest scores of grammar and oral production tests were used to analyze the linguistic development. The results showed that no one commented on recasts or locative prepositions during the stimulated recall session and that there were no significant changes in grammar test scores in all conditions; however, the R and RG conditions performed significantly better in the production test than the control in the immediate posttest. Furthermore, the RG condition maintained the development in the delayed posttest, whereas the R condition did not.
Documenting Portuguese Africa
Authors: Chilcote Ronald H.
Published: March 2016

With Portugal and Angola constantly in the news these days, we felt a survey of sources, archives, and movements concerned with the Portuguese in Africa would be valuable. Material for studies of Portuguese Africa is widely scattered (and admittedly fragmentary) and its location not well known. We have tried therefore to list very briefly the main institutes, libraries, and serial and book sources concerned with this subject and to furnish a guide to the political groups contesting for control of the Portuguese African Empire.
Government Printers in Africa
Authors: Witherell Julian
Published: March 2016

The following list of government printers in Africa was compiled from the latest available information at the Library of Congress. In certain cases, where there is apparently no government printing office, the publishing or distributing body of the official gazette is listed. In many African countries, particularly the French-speaking states and territories, the official printer actually issues only a small percentage of government publications, most of which appear in mimeographed form and are distributed directly by the governmental agencies concerned.
Windfall for African Studies: Some Forthcoming Reprints
Authors: Willis J.R.
Published: March 2016

The rising demand for out-of-print Africana, and indeed all rare scholarly books, is stimulating unprecedented interest and reprinting activity among publishers. With programs and courses springing up all over the United States, Africa, and other parts of the world, librarians and scholars have found themselves in fierce competition for scarce materials on African subjects. Simultaneously, booksellers, at pains to meet this tremendous increase in demand, have found the supply of Africana dwindling and near depletion. However, because of the proliferation of publishing houses specializing in scholarly reprints, the solution to this problem seems to be close at hand.
Microstructural Evolution in 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel During Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Aging
Authors: Maetz Jean-Yves , Cazottes Sophie , Verdu Catherine , Danoix Frédéric , Kléber Xavier
Published: March 2016

The microstructural evolution of a 2101 lean duplex stainless steel (DSS) during isothermal aging from room temperature to 470 °C was investigated using thermoelectric power (TEP) measurements to follow the kinetics, atom probe tomography, and transmission electron microscopy. Despite the low Ni, Cr, and Mo contents, the lean DSS was sensitive to α–α′ phase separation and Ni–Mn–Si–Al–Cu clustering at intermediate temperatures. The time–temperature pairs characteristic of the early stages of ferrite decomposition were determined from the TEP kinetics. Considering their composition and locations, the clusters are most likely G phase precursors.
A development framework for the consultant radiographer in oncology: the Leeds experience
Authors: Roberts Neill
Published: March 2016

The role of the consultant radiographer in radiotherapy is a relatively new concept and to date the number of post holders in these roles remains low. Despite challenges to role creation for the non-medical consultant, the benefits of role development and skill mix within the national health service are evident. Among these challenges is the need to ensure appropriate and credible training of the consultant radiographer. This case study focusses on the local experience of developing a suitable competency framework for the first Consultant Radiographer at the Leeds Cancer Centre. It highlights elements of the framework that equip the post holder to carry out the role and how the governance underpinning such a framework could be used by other radiotherapy centres across the United Kingdom.
Analysis of genetic diversity and structure in a genebank collection of red clover (Trifolium pratenseL.) using SSR markers
Authors: Gupta Mamta , Sharma Vikas , Singh Sunil K. , Chahota Rakesh K. , Sharma Tilak R.
Published: March 2016

Genetic diversity of a red clover global collection was assessed using 36 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers representing all seven linkage groups (LGs). The number of fragments amplified ranged from 1 to 6 for all the primers. Primer RCS0060 detected highest number of fragments, whereas four SSRs viz., RCS0899, RCS1594, TPSSR40 and RCS6927 amplified single fragment. Size range of amplicons generated by all the primers varied from 100 to 400 bp. Polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.301 to 0.719 with an average value of 0.605. LG wise diversity analysis showed that LG 3 was most diverse (I = 0.65, Ht = 0.44), whereas LG-1 showed minimum diversity (I = 0.48, Ht = 0.26) for the microsatellites used. Bayesian model-based clustering inferred three genetically distinct populations in the red clover germplasm holding and showed considerable admixture in individuals within clusters. Neighbour-joining analysis showed intermixing of accessions within groups. Principal component analysis plot complemented the clustering shown by Structure and distinguished three populations to greater extent. Analysis of molecular variance showed that 91% of the genetic variation was residing within populations, while 9% variation was among populations. Overall, the results showed that a high level of genetic diversity is prevailing in this worldwide collection of red clover, which can be exploited for its genetic improvement through breeding approaches.
Groundwater Transport in Highly Heterogeneous Aquifers
Authors: Gómez-Hernández J. , Butler Jr. James , Fiori Aldo
Published: March 2016

The MADE Challenge for Groundwater Transport in Highly Heterogeneous Aquifers: Insights from 30 Years of Modeling and Characterization at the Field Scale and Promising Future Directions; Valencia, Spain, 5–8 October 2015
Feedback regulation of apical progenitor fate by immature neurons through Wnt7–Celsr3–Fzd3 signalling
Authors: Wang Wei , Jossin Yves , Chai Guoliang , Lien Wen-Hui , Tissir Fadel , Goffinet Andre M.
Published: March 2016

Sequential generation of neurons and glial cells during development is critical for the wiring and function of the cerebral cortex. This process requires accurate coordination of neural progenitor cell (NPC) fate decisions, by NPC-autonomous mechanisms as well as by negative feedback from neurons. Here, we show that neurogenesis is protracted and gliogenesis decreased in mice with mutations of genes Celsr3 and Fzd3. This phenotype is not due to gene inactivation in progenitors, but rather in immature cortical neurons. Mutant neurons are unable to upregulate expression of Jag1 in response to cortical Wnt7, resulting in blunted activation of Notch signalling in NPC. Thus, Celsr3 and Fzd3 enable immature neurons to respond to Wnt7, upregulate Jag1 and thereby facilitate feedback signals that tune the timing of NPC fate decisions via Notch activation.
Correction: Corrigendum: Critical roles for murine Reck in the regulation of vascular patterning and stabilization
Authors: de Almeida Glícia Maria , Yamamoto Mako , Morioka Yoko , Ogawa Shuichiro , Matsuzaki Tomoko , Noda Makoto
Published: March 2016

Scientific Reports 5: Article number: 17860; published online: 11 December 2015; updated: 04 March 2016 In this Article, an additional affiliation for Glícia Maria de Almeida was omitted. The correct affiliation is listed below: Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
Correction: Corrigendum: Targeting miR-155 to Treat Experimental Scleroderma
Authors: Yan Qingran , Chen Jie , Li Wei , Bao Chunde , Fu Qiong
Published: March 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 20314; published online: 01 February 2016; updated: 04 March 2016 The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete. “The authors would like to thank all the laboratory coordinators from Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology: Ms. Ye Ping, Ms. Song Rui, Ms.Wang Zhenni and Mr.
Insight On Colorectal Carcinoma Infiltration by Studying Perilesional Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Nebuloni Manuela , Albarello Luca , Andolfo Annapaola , Magagnotti Cinzia , Genovese Luca , Locatelli Irene , Tonon Giovanni , Longhi Erika , Zerbi Pietro , Allevi Raffaele , Podestà Alessandro , Puricelli Luca , Milani Paolo , Soldarini Armando , Salonia Andrea , Alfano Massimo
Published: March 2016

The extracellular matrix (ECM) from perilesional and colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but not healthy colon, sustains proliferation and invasion of tumor cells. We investigated the biochemical and physical diversity of ECM in pair-wised comparisons of healthy, perilesional and CRC specimens. Progressive linearization and degree of organization of fibrils was observed from healthy to perilesional and CRC ECM and was associated with a steady increase of stiffness and collagen crosslinking. In the perilesional ECM these modifications coincided with increased vascularization, whereas in the neoplastic ECM they were associated with altered modulation of matrisome proteins, increased content of hydroxylated lysine and lysyl oxidase. This study identifies the increased stiffness and crosslinking of the perilesional ECM predisposing an environment suitable for CRC invasion as a phenomenon associated with vascularization. The increased stiffness of colon areas may represent a new predictive marker of desmoplastic region predisposing to invasion, thus offering new potential application for monitoring adenoma with invasive potential.
Maternal Cortisol Mediates Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Interrenal Axis Development in Zebrafish
Authors: Nesan Dinushan , Vijayan Mathilakath M.
Published: March 2016

In zebrafish (Danio rerio), de novo synthesis of cortisol in response to stressor exposure commences only after hatch. Maternally deposited cortisol is present during embryogenesis, but a role for this steroid in early development is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that maternal cortisol is essential for the proper development of hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis activity and the onset of the stressor-induced cortisol response in larval zebrafish. In this study, zygotic cortisol content was manipulated by microinjecting antibody to sequester this steroid, thereby making it unavailable during embryogenesis. This was compared with embryos containing excess cortisol by microinjection of exogenous steroid. The resulting larval phenotypes revealed distinct treatment effects, including deformed mesoderm structures when maternal cortisol was unavailable and cardiac edema after excess cortisol. Maternal cortisol unavailability heightened the cortisol stress response in post-hatch larvae, whereas excess cortisol abolished the stressor-mediated cortisol elevation. This contrasting hormonal response corresponded with altered expression of key HPI axis genes, including crf, 11B hydroxylase, pomca, and star, which were upregulated in response to reduced cortisol availability and downregulated when embryos had excess cortisol. These findings for the first time underscore a critical role for maternally deposited cortisol in programming HPI axis development and function in zebrafish.
Phylogenic analysis of adhesion related genes Mad1 revealed a positive selection for the evolution of trapping devices of nematode-trapping fungi
Authors: Li Juan , Liu Yue , Zhu Hongyan , Zhang Ke-Qin
Published: March 2016

Adhesions, the major components of the extracellular fibrillar polymers which accumulate on the outer surface of adhesive traps of nematode-trapping fungi, are thought to have played important roles during the evolution of trapping devices. Phylogenetic analyses based on the genes related to adhesive materials can be of great importance for understanding the evolution of trapping devices. Recently, AoMad1, one homologous gene of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae cell wall protein MAD1, has been functionally characterized as involved in the production of adhesions in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. In this study, we cloned Mad1 homologous genes from nematode-trapping fungi with various trapping devices. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that species which formed nonadhesive constricting ring (CR) traps more basally placed and species with adhesive traps evolved along two lineages. Likelihood ratio tests (LRT) revealed that significant positive selective pressure likely acted on the ancestral trapping devices including both adhesive and mechanical traps, indicating that the Mad1 genes likely played important roles during the evolution of nematode-trapping fungi. Our study provides new insights into the evolution of trapping devices of nematode-trapping fungi and also contributes to understanding the importance of adhesions during the evolution of nematode-trapping fungi.
Integrated photonics with programmable non-volatile memory
Authors: Song Jun-Feng , Luo Xian-Shu , Lim Andy Eu-Jin , Li Chao , Fang Qing , Liow Tsung-Yang , Jia Lian-Xi , Tu Xiao-Guang , Huang Ying , Zhou Hai-Feng , Lo Guo-Qiang
Published: March 2016

Silicon photonics integrated circuits (Si-PIC) with well-established active and passive building elements are progressing towards large-scale commercialization in optical communications and high speed optical interconnects applications. However, current Si-PICs do not have memory capabilities, in particular, the non-volatile memory functionality for energy efficient data storage. Here, we propose an electrically programmable, multi-level non-volatile photonics memory cell (PMC) fabricated by standard complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible processes. A micro-ring resonator (MRR) was built using the PMC to optically read the memory states. Switching energy smaller than 20 pJ was achieved. Additionally, a MRR memory array was employed to demonstrate a four-bit memory read capacity. Theoretically, this can be increased up to ~400 times using a 100 nm free spectral range broadband light source. The fundamental concept of this design provides a route to eliminate the von Neumann bottleneck. The energy-efficient optical storage can complement on-chip optical interconnects for neutral networking, memory input/output interfaces and other computational intensive applications.
CC chemokine receptor 10 cell surface presentation in melanocytes is regulated by the novel interaction partner S100A10
Authors: Hessner F. , Dlugos C. P. , Chehab T. , Schaefer C. , Homey B. , Gerke V. , Weide T. , Pavenstädt H. , Rescher U.
Published: March 2016

The superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) conveys signals in response to various endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Consequently, GPCRs are the most important drug targets. CCR10, the receptor for the chemokines CCL27/CTACK and CCL28/MEC, belongs to the chemokine receptor subfamily of GPCRs and is thought to function in immune responses and tumour progression. However, there is only limited information on the intracellular regulation of CCR10. We find that S100A10, a member of the S100 family of Ca2+ binding proteins, binds directly to the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of CCR10 and that this interaction regulates the CCR10 cell surface presentation. This identifies S100A10 as a novel interaction partner and regulator of CCR10 that might serve as a target for therapeutic intervention.
Dust Rains Deliver Diverse Assemblages of Microorganisms to the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Itani Ghida Nouhad , Smith Colin Andrew
Published: March 2016

Dust rains may be particularly effective at delivering microorganisms, yet their biodiversities have been seldom examined. During 2011 and 2012 in Beirut, Lebanon, 16 of 21 collected rainfalls appeared dusty. Trajectory modelling of air mass origins was consistent with North African sources and at least one Southwest Asian source. As much as ~4 g particulate matter, ~20 μg DNA and 50 million colony forming units were found deposited per square meter during rainfalls each lasting less than one day. Sequencing of 93 bacteria and 25 fungi cultured from rain samples revealed diverse bacterial phyla, both Gram positive and negative and Ascomycota fungi. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis of amplified 16S rDNA of 13 rains revealed distinct and diverse assemblages of bacteria. Dust rain 16S libraries yielded 131 sequences matching, in decreasing order of abundance, Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria. Clean rain 16S libraries yielded 33 sequences matching only Betaproteobacteria family Oxalobacteraceae. Microbial composition varied between dust rains and more diverse and different microbes were found in dust rains than clean rains. These results show that dust rains deliver diverse communities of microorganisms that may be complex products of revived desert soil species and fertilized cloud species.
Multisite silicon neural probes with integrated silicon nitride waveguides and gratings for optogenetic applications
Authors: Shim Euijae , Chen Yu , Masmanidis Sotiris , Li Mo
Published: March 2016

Optimal optogenetic perturbation of brain circuit activity often requires light delivery in a precise spatial pattern that cannot be achieved with conventional optical fibers. We demonstrate an implantable silicon-based probe with a compact light delivery system, consisting of silicon nitride waveguides and grating couplers for out-of-plane light emission with high spatial resolution. 473 nm light is coupled into and guided in cm-long waveguide and emitted at the output grating coupler. Using the direct cut-back and out-scattering measurement techniques, the propagation optical loss of the waveguide is measured to be below 3 dB/cm. The grating couplers provide collimated light emission with sufficient irradiance for neural stimulation. Finally, a probe with multisite light delivery with three output grating emitters from a single laser input is demonstrated.
The Elliott-Yafet theory of spin relaxation generalized for large spin-orbit coupling
Authors: Kiss Annamária , Szolnoki Lénard , Simon Ferenc
Published: March 2016

We generalize the Elliott-Yafet (EY) theory of spin relaxation in metals with inversion symmetry for the case of large spin-orbit coupling (SOC). The EY theory treats the SOC to the lowest order but this approach breaks down for metals of heavy elements (such as e.g. caesium or gold), where the SOC energy is comparable to the relevant band-band separation energies. The generalized theory is presented for a four-band model system without band dispersion, where analytic formulae are attainable for arbitrary SOC for the relation between the momentum- and spin-relaxation rates. As an extended description, we also consider an empirical pseudopotential approximation where SOC is deduced from the band potential (apart from an empirical scaling constant) and the spin-relaxation rate can be obtained numerically. Both approaches recover the usual EY theory for weak SOC and give that the spin-relaxation rate approaches the momentum-relaxation rate in the limit of strong SOC. We argue that this limit is realized in gold by analyzing spin relaxation data. A calculation of the g-factor shows that the empirical Elliott-relation, which links the g-factor and spin-relaxation rate, is retained even for strong SOC.
Investigation of abnormal thermoresponsive PVDF membranes on casting solution, membrane morphology and filtration performance
Authors: Wang Yunze , Lin Haibo , Xiong Zhu , Wu Ziyang , Yu Xuemin , Wang Yi , Liu Fu
Published: March 2016

A temperature sensitive casting solution of P(OEGMA-co-VTMOS) was prepared via an in situ polymerization method. Meanwhile, an interesting thermoresponsive PVDF membrane was obtained from the temperature sensitive casting solution.
Improving the electrochemical performance of layered Li-rich transition-metal oxides by alleviating the blockade effect of surface lithium
Authors: Luo Dong , Fang Shaohua , Yang Li , Hirano Shin-ichi
Published: March 2016

The electrochemical performance of layered Li-rich transition-metal oxides can be greatly improved by alleviating the blockade effect of surface lithium.
Adsorption of gas molecules on Gd@Aun (n = 14, 15) clusters and their implication for molecule sensors
Authors: Yong Yongliang , Li Xiaohong , Zhou Qingxiao , Su Xiangying , Li Tongwei , Cui Hongling , Lv Shijie
Published: March 2016

The Gd@Au15 cluster as an excellent gas sensor for NO and NO2 detection.
Electrocatalytic regeneration of atmospherically aged MoS2 nanostructures via solution-phase sulfidation
Authors: Burch H. A. , Isaacs M. , Wilson K. , Palmer R. E. , Rees N. V.
Published: March 2016

The loss in performance of MoS2 as a catalyst due to exposure to air can be reversed by electrochemical reduction of thiosulfate.
AIE-active Ir(iii) complexes with tunable emissions, mechanoluminescence and their application for data security protection
Authors: Song Zhongming , Liu Rui , Li Yuhao , Shi Hong , Hu Jinyang , Cai Xiao , Zhu Hongjun
Published: March 2016

Ir complexes (1–4) show fluorescence-phosphorescence dual-emission and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. Based on the piezochromic and vapochromic behaviors upon grinding-fuming, complex2could be used in data security protection.
Temperature- and pressure-induced phase transitions in the niccolite-type formate framework of [H3N(CH3)4NH3][Mn2(HCOO)6]
Authors: Mączka Mirosław , Gągor Anna , Costa Nathalia Leal Marinho , Paraguassu Waldeci , Sieradzki Adam , Pikul Adam
Published: March 2016

[H3N(CH3)4NH3][Mn2(HCOO)6] shows ferroelectric and magnetic order below 350 and 9 K, respectively.
60 GHz on‐chip mixed coupled BPF with H‐shaped defected ground structures
Authors: Barakat A. , Pokharel R. , Kaho T.
Published: March 2016

A 60 GHz miniaturised, low loss on‐chip bandpass filter (BPF) based on open‐loop resonators is presented. Overlapping of the BPF's resonators leads to miniaturisation and introduces a mixed coupling configuration. Moreover, its resonators are folded to minimise the size and the insertion loss (IL). H‐shaped defected ground structures are also used to reduce IL and to improve the out of band rejection. The measured IL, return loss, centre frequency, and bandwidth are 2.85 dB, 18 dB, 59 GHz and 15.5 GHz with a chip size of 368 × 262 µm2 including pads.
Spectral identification scheme for epitaxially grown single-phase niobium dioxide
Authors: Hadamek Tobias , Posadas Agham B. , Dhamdhere Ajit , Smith David J. , Demkov Alexander A.
Published: March 2016

This publication describes how to distinguish under-oxidized and over-oxidized phases of the metal-insulator transition material NbO2 by employing a combination of the Nb 3d and O 1s core-level and valence-band spectra. Niobium oxides (NbOx) are grown under various conditions by molecular beam epitaxy on several different substrates, mostly (111)-oriented strontium titanate (SrTiO3), in order to obtain phase-pure NbO2. The films are characterized by in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy to determine crystallinity, lattice constants, and epitaxial relationships. Niobium metal oxidation states and film stoichiometry are determined with in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Asymmetric Nb 3d core-level spectral components are observed in phase-pure NbO2, with a binding energy for Nb 3d5/2 of 206 eV. The effect of substrate type, growth temperature, and oxygen pressure on the film composition is also described.
Revealing the origin of the strong second harmonic generation of Li2CdXS4 and Li2CdXS4 (X = Ge or Sn)
Authors: Reshak A. H.
Published: March 2016

Second harmonic generation (SHG) and the first hyperpolarizability (βijk) of two novel quaternary diamond-like semiconductors, Li2CdGeS4 and Li2CdSnS4, are investigated based on the band structure calculations. Calculations show that these materials possess wide and direct energy gaps of about 3.10 eV (Li2CdGeS4) and 3.23 eV (Li2CdSnS4) in close agreement with the measured gaps (3.15 eV and 3.26 eV). The energy gap values confirm that these materials exhibit exceptional laser damage thresholds. The presence of polarizable M-S bonds tunes these compounds to exhibit strong SHG. The calculated linear optical properties exhibit considerable anisotropy, which favors the enhanced phase matching conditions necessary for observation of SHG and optical parametric oscillation. It has been found that Li2CdGeS4 and Li2CdSnS4 exhibit negative uniaxial anisotropy and positive birefringence. The calculated SHG of the dominant component is about 18.64 pm/V for Li2CdGeS4, which is larger than that obtained from Li2CdSnS4 (12.75 pm/V). These results are in concordance with the experimental value of the well known nonlinear crystal KTiOPO4. The calculated first hyperpolarizability (β333) at λ = 1064 nm is about 13.015 × 10−30 esu for Li2CdGeS4 and 9.704 × 10−30 esu for Li2CdSnS4.
Formation of FePt nanodots by wetting of nanohole substrates
Authors: Abdelgawad Ahmed M. , Oberdick Samuel D. , Majetich Sara A.
Published: March 2016

Large area arrays of FePt nanodots are fabricated on patterned substrates made of SiOx, SiNx and TiNx. The templates have a depth of ∼10 nm and a pitch of ∼20 nm with 18 nm wide holes. FePt is sputtered on the nanohole arrays, then back-etched, leaving a highly ordered array of FePt nanodots behind. To promote phase transformation to the L10 phase, the samples are annealed at temperatures of 550-650° C. During annealing, the FePt strongly dewets SiOx and SiNx substrates, causing sintering and coalescence of the FePt nanodots, but the nanodots remain highly ordered on the TiNx substrate. The nanodot arrays on TiNx are characterized magnetically before and after annealing. The out-of-plane coercivity increases by ∼1 kOe, suggesting partial transformation to the L10 phase. We also show that a capping layer can be sputtered on top of the nanodot arrays prior to annealing to prevent dewetting.
Exchange coupling in metallic multilayers with a top FeRh layer
Authors: Yamada S. , Tanikawa K. , Hirayama J. , Kanashima T. , Taniyama T. , Hamaya K.
Published: March 2016

We study magnetic properties of metallic multilayers with FeRh/ferromagnet interfaces grown by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. Room-temperature coercivity of the ferromagnetic layers is significantly enhanced after the growth of FeRh, proving the existence of the exchange coupling between the antiferromagnetic FeRh layer and the ferromagnetic layer. However, exchange bias is not clearly observed probably due to the presence of disordered structures, which result from the lattice strain at the FeRh/ferromagnet interfaces due to the lattice mismatch. We infer that the lattice matched interface between FeRh and ferromagnetic layers is a key parameter for controlling magnetic switching fields in such multilayer systems.
AlgoRun: a Docker-based packaging system for platform-agnostic implemented algorithms
Authors: Hosny Abdelrahman , Vera-Licona Paola , Laubenbacher Reinhard , Favre Thibauld
Published: March 2016

Motivation: There is a growing need in bioinformatics for easy-to-use software implementations of algorithms that are usable across platforms. At the same time, reproducibility of computational results is critical and often a challenge due to source code changes over time and dependencies.

Results: The approach introduced in this paper addresses both of these needs with AlgoRun, a dedicated packaging system for implemented algorithms, using Docker technology. Implemented algorithms, packaged with AlgoRun, can be executed through a user-friendly interface directly from a web browser or via a standardized RESTful web API to allow easy integration into more complex workflows. The packaged algorithm includes the entire software execution environment, thereby eliminating the common problem of software dependencies and the irreproducibility of computations over time. AlgoRun-packaged algorithms can be published on http://algorun.org, a centralized searchable directory to find existing AlgoRun-packaged algorithms.

Availability and implementation: AlgoRun is available at http://algorun.org and the source code under GPL license is available at https://github.com/algorun

Contact:  laubenbacher@uchc.edu

Supplementary information:  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Sister chromatid telomere fusions, but not NHEJ-mediated inter-chromosomal telomere fusions, occur independently of DNA ligases 3 and 4
Authors: Liddiard Kate , Ruis Brian , Takasugi Taylor , Harvey Adam , Ashelford Kevin E. , Hendrickson Eric A. , Baird Duncan M.
Published: March 2016

Telomeres shorten with each cell division and can ultimately become substrates for nonhomologous end-joining repair, leading to large-scale genomic rearrangements of the kind frequently observed in human cancers. We have characterized more than 1400 telomere fusion events at the single-molecule level, using a combination of high-throughput sequence analysis together with experimentally induced telomeric double-stranded DNA breaks. We show that a single chromosomal dysfunctional telomere can fuse with diverse nontelomeric genomic loci, even in the presence of an otherwise stable genome, and that fusion predominates in coding regions. Fusion frequency was markedly increased in the absence of TP53 checkpoint control and significantly modulated by the cellular capacity for classical, versus alternative, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). We observed a striking reduction in inter-chromosomal fusion events in cells lacking DNA ligase 4, in contrast to a remarkably consistent profile of intra-chromosomal fusion in the context of multiple genetic knockouts, including DNA ligase 3 and 4 double-knockouts. We reveal distinct mutational signatures associated with classical NHEJ-mediated inter-chromosomal, as opposed to alternative NHEJ-mediated intra-chromosomal, telomere fusions and evidence for an unanticipated sufficiency of DNA ligase 1 for these intra-chromosomal events. Our findings have implications for mechanisms driving cancer genome evolution.
Carboxylate–phenolate tautomerism in 5-[(nitrophenyl)diazenyl]salicylate anions
Authors: Yatsenko Alexandr V. , Paseshnichenko Ksenia A.
Published: March 2016

Aryldiazenyl derivatives of salicylic acid and their salts are used as dyes. In these structures, the carboxylate groups are engaged in short contacts with the cations and in hydrogen bonds with water molecules, if present. If both O atoms of the carboxylate group take part in such interactions, the negative charge is delocalized over the two atoms. In the absence of hydrogen bonds and contacts with cations, the negative charge is localized on one of the O atoms. In the crystal structures of tetramethylammonium 2-hydroxy-5-[(E)-(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]benzoate and tetramethylammonium 2-hydroxy-5-[(E)-(2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]benzoate, both C4H12N+·C13H8N3O5−, all the interactions between the cations and anions are weak, and their effect on the geometry of the anions is negligible. Under these conditions, the 2-nitro-substituted anion is an almost pure phenol–carboxylate tautomer, whereas in the 4-nitro-substituted anion, the phenolic H atom is shifted towards the carboxylate group, and thus the structure of this anion is intermediate between the phenol–carboxylate and phenolate–carboxylic acid tautomeric forms. The probable formation of such an intermediate form is supported by quantum chemical calculations. Being the characteristic feature of this form, a short distance between the phenolic and carboxylate O atoms is observed in the 4-nitro-substituted anion, as well as in the structures of some 3,5-dinitrosalicylates reported in the literature.
Crystal structure of a bioactive sesquiterpene isolated fromArtemisia reticulata
Authors: Bauri A. K. , Foro Sabine , Do Nhu Quynh Nguyen
Published: March 2016

The title compound, C15H24O2{systematic name: 1-[6-hydroxy-7-(propan-2-yl)-4-methylidene-2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1H-inden-1-yl]ethanone} was isolated fromA. reticulataby column chromatography over silica gel by gradient solvent elution. The molecule comprises a bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane ring bearing acetoxy, hydroxy and isopropyl substituents, and an exocyclic double bond on the cyclohexane ring. In the bicyclic skeleton, the cyclohexane ring adopts a chair conformation ring and the cyclopentane ring is in an envelope conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [010]. These chains are cross-linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds.
N-Hexyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide
Authors: Moriguchi Tetsuji , Kamoto Ryota , Jalli Venkataprasad , Tsuge Akihiko
Published: March 2016

In the title compound, C13H19NO3, the hexyl chain has en extended conformation and its mean plane is inclined to the benzene ring by 3.29 (10)°. There is a short O—H...O contact in the molecule involving the adjacent hydroxy groups. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviaO—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to (001). Within the slabs, there are also C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions present.