bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Lutein Extract of Tagetes erecta L. Flower as an Antioxidant and Enhancing Phagocytic Activity of Macrophage Cells
Authors: Kusmiati Kusmiati , Afiati Fifi , Widhiani Chrisna , Aditia Alpinna , D. Elviani Destia , Kanti Atit
Published: February 2021

Marigold flower (Tagetes erecta L.) produces lutein compounds which present biological activities such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimutagenicity, and immunomodulatory effects. The study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of the lutein of T. erecta L. and the effect of lutein on the activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophage cells. The antioxidant screening was carried out using diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-and-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay with serial concentrations and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. For the observation of activity and phagocytic capacity of peritoneal macrophages, twenty-eight mice were used and divided into seven groups each comprising four replicates, i.e., Group (I) normal controls, mice were untreated (II) a negative control, mice were induced by Staphylococcus aureus (III) positive control, mice were induced by S. aureus and treatment of meniran extract (Phyllanthus niruri). The treatment group (IV-VII) mice were induced by S. aureus and treated crude lutein, respectively: 0.15 mg, 0.30 mg, 0.60 mg, and 0.90 mg. 20 g−1 of body weight. The lutein extracted from T. erecta shows an antioxidant activity against DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 53.58 μg.ml−1, while the antioxidant activity against ABTS has an IC50 value of 72.91 μg.ml−1. The antioxidant activity test results by the FRAP method at each lutein concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and 75 ppm were obtained respectively of 33, 88, 185.5, and 288.5 μmol Fe2+/g extract. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) after. The phagocytic activity was 45.5%; 54.75%; 57.50% and 67.0%, respectively, while the phagocytic capacity values ​​were 355; 519; 611 and 767 S. aureus bacterial cells per 50 macrophage cells. The lutein from marigolds (T. erecta L.) is capable of scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidants. Lutein can increase the activity and capacity of phagocytic of peritoneum macrophage cells in mice.
Cucumber Pickles and Fermentations
Authors: Ghazi Al-Shawi Sarmad , Jaafir Aziz Alneamah Sadiq
Published: February 2021

Cucumber sometimes used in sodium chloride solution as a substrate in lactic acid bacteria fermentation. The good fermentation always depending on many overlapped physical, chemical and microbial factors related with suspension of a strong and porous vegetables in a fluid. Keeping the cucumber integrity is very critical issue, and this may affect on the fermentation of liquid ingredients. This chapter tries to focus on the current efforts that conducting to control on the factors that affecting on cucumber fermentation. Modern and advanced technologies of recent studies are included within this chapter just like reducing the brining sodium chloride concentration, fresh cucumber gas exchange to develop their brining properties by using lactic acid bacteria cultures, developing an anaerobic cucumber fermentation tank system; preventing of cucumber gaseous spoilage by pouring of CO2 from fermentation brines.
Use of Selected Antioxidant-Rich Spices and Herbs in Foods
Authors: Karakol Perçin , Kapi Emin
Published: February 2021

Free radicals are chemicals that play a role in the etiopathogenesis of ischemia–reperfusion injury. To prevent or reduce this damage, many protective or therapeutic antioxidants are used effectively in alternative medicine. These antioxidants include immunological or pharmacological agents, vitamins, food and herbal products, and spices. Herbs and spices have been used for a long time as coloring or preservative agents by adding to the content of foods, and at the same time to increase the nutritional value of foods. More recently, the nutritional effects of herbs and spices have become more perceived and the area of ​​interest for these products has increased. Concordantly, the biological contents of herbs and spices have begun to be studied in more detailed way at the cellular and molecular level. Sample plants are classified according to different chemical families, with the diet. Therefore, they have different levels of antioxidant capacity. These products also have potent anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, glucoregulatory, antithrombotic, anticarcinogenic and so forth effects. These properties are used in the treatment of some chronic diseases. In this review, the antioxidant properties of various herbs and spices used to add flavor to foods or to extend their shelf life have been examined in the light of large-scale nutritional epidemiological studies, in vitro cellular/animal studies and clinical trials.
Superconductivity in HEA-Type Compounds
Authors: Mizuguchi Yoshikazu , Yamashita Aichi
Published: February 2021

Since the discovery of superconductivity in a high-entropy alloy (HEA) Ti-Zr-Nb-Hf-Ta in 2014, the community of superconductor science has explored new HEA superconductors to find the merit of the HEA states on superconducting properties. Since 2018, we have developed “HEA-type” compounds as superconductors or thermoelectric materials. As well known, compounds like intermetallic compounds or layered compounds are composed of multi crystallographic sites. In a HEA-type compounds, one or more sites are alloyed and total mixing entropy satisfies with the criterion of HEA. Herein, we summarize the synthesis methods, the crystal structural variation and superconducting properties of the HEA-type compounds, which include NaCl-type metal tellurides, CuAl2-type transition metal zirconides, high-Tc cuprates, and BiS2-based layered superconductors. The effects of the introduction of a HEA site in various kinds of complicated compounds are discussed from the structural-dimensionality viewpoint.
Cytotoxicity as a Fundamental Response to Xenobiotics
Authors: León-Mejía Grethel , Miranda Guevara Alvaro , Fiorillo Moreno Ornella , Uribe Cruz Carolina
Published: February 2021

Cytotoxicity refers to the ability of a molecule or a compound to cause some type of cellular damage, of which some of the adverse effects that can occur include injuries to some structures or the fundamental processes involved in cell maintenance, such as survival, cell division, cell biochemistry, and the normal cell physiology. The potential for cytotoxicity is one of the first tests that must be performed to determine the effects of drugs, biomolecules, nanomaterials, medical devices, pesticides, heavy metals, and solvents, among others. This potential may be oriented in the mechanism under which it generates cell death, the dose, and the target cells that generate the response. The evaluation of the toxicologic and cytotoxic properties of the chemical substances through in vitro tests has become a competitive alternative to in vivo experimentation as a consequence of ethical considerations. Presently, there are numerous tests conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of a certain agent, the selection of which depends on the purpose of the study. In this sense, the present review provides a general overview of the different responses of a cell to xenobiotic agents and the different test that can be useful for evaluation of these responses.
Frailty, Vulnerability, and Plasticity: Towards a New Medicine of Complexity
Authors: Palermo Sara
Published: February 2021

There is no single way of ageing, but different types of ageotypes have been identified. Frailty is the most problematic expression of the ageing population. The understanding of the route linking ageing, frailty and 2nd order criticalities open new and intriguing operational perspectives. Indeed, frailty might be reversible or attenuated by interventions put in place to avoid its evolution over time. This is most true when traditional therapeutic approaches are combined with the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Not only the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy (EIP-AHA) is actively involved in the promotion of healthy and active ageing, but a more aware geriatric culture toward a new medicine of complexity is spreading. The fight against frailty takes place in a lifespan and multisystemic perspective. Indeed, every individual is a dynamic, interacting, adaptable system in which the disease triggers a cause-and-effect model that cannot be considered linear. Frailty in the elderly requires therefore a customized multidimensional approach according to the principle of “taking care of the patient and not only of the disease”. A bio-psycho-social model can help us to define the most appropriate interventions to promote health in terms of the best possible quality of life.
Fossil Fuel Fires: A Forgotten Factor of Air Quality
Authors: Kruszewski Łukasz
Published: February 2021

Spontaneous fossil fuel fires, especially coal fires, are known worldwide. They occur in numerous sites, both completely natural (coal seam outcrops) and anthropogenic (burning mining waste heaps, or BMWHs). Coal and waste/barren rock fires produce gaseous emanations, acting within exhalative processes. This factor is rarely being considered as influencing quality of the atmospheric air. The paper shortly discusses most important available methods for field gas analysis, with an emphasis on a portable FTIR spectrometer. It summarizes results of gas analyses from Polish BMWHs, using a multi-tool approach. It also lists a number of additional analyses from 53 vents of these environmentally important objects, with the main purpose of enlarging the knowledge of the span of concentrations of the particular compounds. This is especially true for formaldehyde, pyridine, CO, 1,1,1-trichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethene, cumene, SO2, and, to a lesser extent, NO2, CCl4, ethane, propane, ethene, and thiophene. The latter, and DMS, are confirmed as gaseous S source more frequent and rich than SO2.
Gastroduodenal Lesions Associated with Portal Hypertension: An Extensive Review
Authors: Neri Vincenzo , Tartaglia Nicola , Fersini Alberto , Cianci Pasquale , Pacilli Mario , Pavone Giovanna , Ambrosi Antonio
Published: February 2021

The block of the portal flow by obstacles in prehepatic, hepatic or posthepatic site and alterations of the splanchnic blood flow are the pathological conditions that lead to portal hypertension. The portal hypertension can cause also others gastroduodenal lesions, potentially hemorrhagic, in addition to esophageal varices commonly developed and habitual source of bleeding in these patients. The gastroduodenal lesions associated with portal hypertension, usually encountered in the clinical practice, are portal hypertensive gastropaty, gastric antral vascular ectasia, gastric and duodenal ulcer, isolated gastric varices. The pathophysiology and clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of these lesions are examined.
Yüksek septal deviasyonda, septal inceltme ve bilateral spreader greftin internal nasal valv açısına etkisinin radyolojik olarak incelenmesi
Authors: KAPUKAYA Rana
Published: February 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızda opere ettiğimiz yüksek septal deviasyonu olan hastaların internal nazal valv açısındaki düzelmeyi radyolojik olarak incelemeyi planladık.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada yüksek septal deviasyonu olan, septal inceltme ve bilateral, açılı spreader greft ile laminar hava akımı düzeltilen 15 olgu incelenmiştir. Hepsinde otolog septal kartilaj kullanılmıştır. Septum eğri olan tarafta aşama aşama 1-2 mm lameller olarak inceltilmiş, düz bir plan sağlanmıştır. Daha sonra bilateral spreader greftler ile stabilizasyon sağlanmıştır. Preop ve postop bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) aksiyal kesitlerle hesaplanan internal nazal valv açıları karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Internal nazal valv açısı düşük ve normal olan taraflarda preop ve postop ölçümler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmiştir. Açının dar olduğu tarafta ortalama 9,54±2,17 derecelik bir düzelme sağlanmış. Açının normal olduğu tarafta ortalama 2,84±1,14 derecelik bir düzelme sağlanmıştır. Preop ve postop ölçümler arasındaki farkın, açısı düşük olan tarafta, açının normal olduğu taraftan daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda septoplasti ile birlikte bilateral spreader greftin , radyolojik olarak internal nazal valv açısının artırılmasında istatistiksel olarak oldukça anlamlı artış sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Spreder greftin, internal nazal valve katkısı , açının dar olduğu tarafta daha fazla idi.
Pediatrik Pyoderma Gangrenozum
Authors: KAPUKAYA Rana
Published: February 2021

Öz

Giriş: Sıklıkla erişkinlerde görülen Pyoderma Gangrenozum (PG)’un pediatrik hastalarda klinik prezentasyonu ve tedavisi ile ilgili farklılıkları göstermeyi amaçladık.

Yöntemler: Ekim 2018-Ekim 2020 yılları arasında hastanemize başvurmuş 8 PG hastasının klinik, histopatolojik ve tedavisi ile ilgili bilgilerini retrospektif olarak raporladık.

Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 2.2 yıl (min 15 gün-max 9 yaş) idi. Cinsiyet dağılımı beşi kız, üçü erkek idi. Hastalarda lezyonlar daha çok gluteal bölge (7/8) yerleşimli idi. Gluteal ülsere sahip hastaların hepsi Suriye’li mültecilerden oluşmaktaydı. Hastaların çoğunda (7/8) sistemik steroid (1 mg/kg) ve topikal %3 borik asit ile yapılan yara bakımında tam iyileşme sağlandı.

Tartışma: Daha önce yapılmış çalışmalarda çocuklarda görülen PG’un değişen anatomik bölge tutulumu gösterdiği ve inflamatuar barsak hastalığı ile birlikte sık görüldüğü beyan edilmiş. Ancak bizim vaka serimizde ülserler sıklıkla gluteal, perianal ve perineal bölgede olup, bu hastalarda ilişkili başka bir hastalık bulunamadı.

Sonuç: Hastaların çoğunluğunun (7/8) Suriyeli mültecilerden olması, hastalığın demografik özellik gösterebileceğini ve etiyolojide çevresel ve genetik faktörlerin önemli olabileceğini düşündürmüştür. Pediatrik yaş grubunda görülen PG’ un klinik prezantasyonu erişkin yaş grubundan farklı özellikler göstermektedir.
Management of Adults With Suspected Foreign Body Aspiration
Authors: UĞUR CHOUSEİN Efsun Gonca
Published: February 2021

Objective: Although foreign body aspiration (FBA) in adulthood is not as common as in childhood, it can sometimes be encountered with clinical situations that require urgent interventions. Removal of foreign bodies (FBs) is crucial in all cases of aspiration, even if they seem trivial and symptoms have resolved. Unremoved FBs cause chronic lung pathologies such as postobstructive pneumonia, bronchiectasis, atelectasis and scar formation which can be definitely treated only by FB removal. The treatment of choice is either fiberoptic or rigid bronchoscopy.

The aim of our study was to create an algorithm for the management of patients presenting to our bronchology and interventional pulmonology unit with suspected FBA by reviewing their radiologic findings, the bronchoscopic methods used in their management and outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 70 patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and rigid bronchoscopy (RB) for suspected FBA in our bronchology and interventional pulmonology center between January 2010 and December 2019.

Results: There were 70 patients with suspected FBA, who had an average age of 47.22±20.76 years, and 62.8% were males. Twenty-nine (41.4%) were treated with FOB and 25 (35.7%) with RB. A FB was detected initially by FOB in 16 (22.9%) who subsequently had to undergo RB for FB removal. Fifteen (33.3%) FOB and 9 (21.9%) RB procedures were performed on an emergent basis.

A total of 86 bronchoscopic treatments were performed on 70 patients. FBs were detected with FOB in 29 patients. The FB was removed in 13 (28.8%) patients with the help of FOB, while 16 (35.5%) patients in whom FB removal was not possible were referred to the interventional pulmonology unit for RB. In the remaining 16 (35.5%) patients, no FB was found during FOB. A total of 41 patients were treated with RB, including 16 patients who had initially undergone FOB. FB was detected and removed in 38 (92.6%) patients, 2 (4.8%) patients had no FB detected and received no further treatment after being consulted with thoracic surgery. One (2.4%) patient in whom FB was detected but could not be removed was referred to surgery and was operated.

Rates of FB detection were high for both chest x-ray and unenhanced thoracic computerized tomography (CT) in favor of CT (p=0.038 and 0.022 respectively). Thirty-three (58.9%) of the FB removed were in the right bronchial system and composition of FBs (organic or inorganic) was equal.

Conclusion: When thoracic CT is not available chest x-ray can also be helpful in cases of suspected FBA. Because the possibility of FBA should be considered in many chronic pulmonary conditions, physicians choose FOB for their initial evaluation, especially if transfer to an interventional pulmonology unit is not feasible. RB performed by interventional pulmonologists is a safe therapeutic option in critical patients and cases when FOB fails.
Mutation Analysis of Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients and Their Parents in Diyarbakir Province, Turkey
Authors: POLAT Cemal
Published: February 2021

Objectives: In this study, beta-Thalassemia Major (BTM) diagnosed patients and their parents were subjected to DNA sequencing in order to confirm their diagnosis, improve their treatment and determine the mutation distributions of both patients and their parents.

Methods: A total of 90 people, BTM patients (n=30) and their parents (n=60), were included in the study. For all analyses, two blood samples were taken into EDTA-containing tubes from each of the patients and each of their parents. Complete blood count, hb variant and mutation analysis were studied, respectively.

Results: 8 types of mutation were determined: IVS-I-110 (G->A) 46.67%, codon 8 (-AA) 16.67%, IVS-II-1 (G->A) 11.67%, codon 44 (-C) 10.00%, IVS-II-745 (C->G) 5.00%, IVS-I-1 (G->A) 3.33%, IVS-I-5 (G->T) 3.33% and -30 (T->A) 3.33%. Hb concentrations of 9.2 ± 1.32 g/dL and Hb variant levels of HbA 81.58% ± 11.05, HbF 10.44% ± 11.54 were found in patients with BTM who received transfusion therapy regularly. Typical hemogram count and Hb variants levels were seen in parents.

Conclusion: In our study, a similar distribution was identified throughout Turkey in terms of mutation. Mutations were classified in all the studied people. This study increased the detection percentage of undetermined mutations by the use of DNA sequencing. Thus a multi-centric coordinated study with high capacity will improve detecting these mutations and their effects on the disease.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinde Bilgisayar Oyun Bağımlılığı Düzeyinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: PESEN Ata , ŞANLI Tuğçe
Published: February 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin bilgisayar oyun bağımlılığı düzeyinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Bu genel amaç doğrultusunda öğrencilerin cinsiyet, sınıf, evde bilgisayar olup olmama durumu ve akademik başarı ortalamaları değişkenlerine göre bilgisayar oyun bağımlılık düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Öğrencilerin bilgisayar oyun bağımlılığını ölçebilmek Horzum, Ayas ve Balta 2008 tarafından geliştirilen çocuklar için “Bilgisayar Oyun Bağımlılığı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçek toplam 21 maddeden oluşan dört faktörlü bir yapıya sahiptir. Ölçeğin güvenilirliği için Horzum, Ayas ve Balta 2008 tarafından Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık sayısı .85, bu araştırma için hesaplanan Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık sayısı ise .84 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu araştırma 2016-2017 yılı güz eğitim ve öğretim döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi Siirt ili merkezinde yer alan farklı okulların 5.6.7. ve 8. sınıflarda okuyan öğrencilerden rastgele tesadüfî seçilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 veri analiz programı kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde Bağımsız örneklemler t testi ve Tek yönlü varyans analizi ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda erkek öğrencilerin bilgisayar oyun bağımlılığının kız öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık tespit edilmiştir.
Jekyll & Hyde Online: A Critical Analysis on Consumption of the Self Through Advertisements Promoting Transhumanism
Authors: GÜDÜM Sinem
Published: February 2021

R. Louis Stevenson’s famous book called “Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde” is an 1886 novel about a legal worker in London, who investigates the unprecedented events happening between his friend Dr Jekyll, and the evil counterpart Mr. Hyde. This story's impact has been such that the phrase "Jekyll and Hyde" still keeps coming up in conversations even today; referring to persons with an unpredictably dual nature. In order to understand the underlying reasons for the dualistic behavior amongst the humans, and their desperate search for perfection, 7 types of "Jakyll and Hyde" traits proposed by B.Engel will be discussed and analyzed through observing their appearances on advertisements, and how they lead to the consumption of the self in the era of transhumanism today. Qualitative methods, namely content analysis with semiotic undertones, will be applied on the chosen advertisement (Verizon, HTC Droid DNA) to make the necessary analysis on the topic together with a complimentary datamining sentiment analysis on ‘Transhumanism’ hashtag. To analyze the common public opinion on “transhumanism”. Tweets under this hashtag between the 19th of January 2020 – 27th of January 2020 have been gathered by using ‘Seobots’ application, and then the collected data which held 108 tweets on the mentioned hashtag were analyzed by using the NVIVO program for sentiment analysis.
Enhancing Military Burn- and Trauma-Related Acute Kidney Injury Prediction Through an Automated Machine Learning Platform and Point-of-Care Testing
Authors: Rashidi Hooman H. , Makley Amy , Palmieri Tina L. , Albahra Samer , Loegering Julia , Fang Lei , Yamaguchi Kensuke , Gerlach Travis , Rodriquez Dario , Tran Nam K.
Published: February 2021

Context.—

Delayed recognition of acute kidney injury (AKI) results in poor outcomes in military and civilian burn-trauma care. Poor predictive ability of urine output (UOP) and creatinine contribute to the delayed recognition of AKI.

Objective.—

To determine the impact of point-of-care (POC) AKI biomarker enhanced by machine learning (ML) algorithms in burn-injured and trauma patients.

Design.—

We conducted a 2-phased study to develop and validate a novel POC device for measuring neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and creatinine from blood samples. In phase I, 40 remnant plasma samples were used to evaluate the analytic performance of the POC device. Next, phase II enrolled 125 adults with either burns that were 20% or greater of total body surface area or nonburn trauma with suspicion of AKI for clinical validation. We applied an automated ML approach to develop models predicting AKI, using a combination of NGAL, creatinine, and/or UOP as features.

Results.—

Point-of-care NGAL (mean [SD] bias: 9.8 [38.5] ng/mL, P = .10) and creatinine results (mean [SD] bias: 0.28 [0.30] mg/dL, P = .18) were comparable to the reference method. NGAL was an independent predictor of AKI (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.08–5.20; P = .01). The optimal ML model achieved an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 96%, 92.3%, and 97.7%, respectively, with NGAL, creatinine, and UOP as features. Area under the receiver operator curve was 0.96.

Conclusions.—

Point-of-care NGAL testing is feasible and produces results comparable to reference methods. Machine learning enhanced the predictive performance of AKI biomarkers including NGAL and was superior to the current techniques.
Point-of-Care Testing for the Emergency Department Patient: Quantity and Quality of the Available Evidence
Authors: Alter David N.
Published: February 2021

Context.—

Point-of-care test (POCT) instruments produce lab results with rapid turnaround times. Based on that fact, emergency department (ED) POCT requests are predicated on the belief that rapid test turnaround times lead to improved care, typically a decreased ED length of stay (LOS).

Objective.—

To compile the available peer-reviewed data regarding use of POCT in the ED with an emphasis on ED-LOS.

Data Sources.—

An English-language PubMed search using the following free text terms: (“EMERGENCY” AND “POINT OF CARE”) NOT ULTRASOUND as well as “RAPID INFECTIOUS DISEASE TESTING.” In addition, the PubMed “similar articles” functionality was used to identify related articles that were not identified on the initial search.

Conclusions.—

Seventy-four references were identified that studied POCT ED use to determine if they resulted in significant changes in ED processes, especially ED-LOS. They were divided into 3 groups: viral-influenza (n = 24), viral-respiratory not otherwise specified (n = 8), and nonviral (n = 42). The nonviral group was further divided into the following groups: chemistry, cardiac, bacterial/strep, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, drugs of abuse, lactate, and pregnancy. Across all groups there was a trend toward a significantly decreased ED-LOS; however, a number of studies showed no change, and a third group was not assessed for ED-LOS. For POCT to improve ED-LOS it has to be integrated into existing ED processes such that a rapid test result will allow the patient to have a shorter LOS, whether it is to discharge or admission.
Features That Aid Identification of Autoimmune Gastritis in a Background of Active Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Choudhuri Jui , Hall Sara , Castrodad-Rodriguez Carlos A. , Westerhoff Maria , El Jabbour Tony , Jain Shilpa , Panarelli Nicole C.
Published: February 2021

Context.—

Helicobacter pylori–associated and autoimmune gastritis may coexist in a subset of patients who require treatment for both disorders.

Objective.—

To delineate findings that identify autoimmune gastritis in the background of H pylori infection.

Design.—

We examined cases of (1) patients with H pylori–associated gastritis who had successful eradication therapy and subsequent biopsies diagnostic of autoimmune gastritis and (2) H pylori–associated gastritis wherein pathologists noted features of autoimmune gastritis during original interpretation. Control patients underwent H pylori eradication but lacked evidence of autoimmune gastritis or H pylori infection after 10 years of follow-up.

Results.—

Eight subjects had H pylori–associated gastritis followed by H pylori–negative sampling that showed autoimmune gastritis. Review of original samples showed full-thickness inflammation of oxyntic mucosa in 8 of 8 and oxyntic gland loss in 7 of 8 cases. Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia, pyloric metaplasia, and intestinal metaplasia were present in 4 of 8 (80% of 5 tested cases), 4 of 8, and 3 of 8 cases, respectively. Features of autoimmune gastritis were noted at the time of their original H pylori diagnosis in 11 study subjects. Ten of 11 samples displayed full-thickness inflammation of oxyntic mucosa and/or partial loss of oxyntic glands, 8 of 11 had ECL cell hyperplasia (all tested cases), 6 of 11 showed pyloric metaplasia, and 4 of 11 harbored intestinal metaplasia. Except for full-thickness oxyntic mucosa inflammation, these features were absent in control cases.

Conclusions.—

Full-thickness inflammation combined with oxyntic gland loss and ECL cell hyperplasia may help to identify autoimmune gastritis in patients with concomitant H pylori infection.
Doprinos Ujedinjenih nacija unifikaciji pravila međunarodnog privrednog prava
Authors: Đurđev Dušanka
Published: February 2021

Kada se govori o doprinosu Ujedinjenih nacija unifikaciji pravila međunarodnog privrednog prava treba imati u vidu da je njen neposredan doprinos relativno Mali, ali da se zato preko sistema Ujedinjenih nacija, tj. preko njenih organa, komisija, specijalizovanih agencija, odvija proces stvaranja novih pravila ponašanja koja doprinose stvaranju novog međunarodnog privrednog prava, a ono bi trebalo da bude pandan međunarodnom ekonomskom poretku. Od kada su se Ujedinjene nacije počele intenzivnije baviti pravnom problematikom, aktivnost je usmerena ne samo ka donošenju potpuno novih pravnih pravila za one oblasti koje nisu pokrivene međunarodnim konvencijama već i na reviziji postojećih pravnih pravila, koja nisu u zadovoljavajućoj meri ostvarivala zaštitu interesa velikog broja zemalja u razvoju. Zato su očekivanja ovih zemalja bila usmerena naročito ka UNCITRAL-u čije je osnivanje trebalo da omogući i ovoj kategoriji zemalja da ravnopravnim učešćem u kreiranju novih pravila ponašanja u međunarodnim odnosima, ostvare ravnotežu interesa u odnosu na razvijene zemlje. I pored značajnih aktivnosti organa, komisija i specijalizovanih agencija UN, zemlje u razvoju nisu još uvek zadovoljne. Deo odgovornosti je i na ovim zemljama koje nemaju dovoljno stručnih kadrova za rad u ovim telima. No i pored toga, UN svojim mehanizmom predstavljaju vrlo značajan subjekt, pored drugih međunarodnih organizacija, u procesu unifikacije pravila iz oblasti međunarodnih privrednih odnosa.
Commotio cerebri: Forensic aspects
Authors: Kapamadžija Borislav , Mišić-Pavkov Gordana
Published: February 2021

Authors emphasize the existence of many problems in classification of cerebral injuries. The basic problem is to diagnose mild head injury and setting the clear distinction between it and severe brain injury. Dividing brain injuries in only two groups: commotio cerebri and contusio cerebri is too rough. There are many cases that cannot be classified in that manner i.e. severe commotio probably has some elements of contusio cerebri that are undetectable when usual diagnostic methods are applied. The special attention was paid to the states of modified consciousness: unconsciousness and the state of dizziness, which has the enormous forensic importance. This paper covers also all the forensic aspects of criminal and civil law.
Lawyer's 'strike': An instrument of pressure or self-destruction
Authors: Beljanski Slobodan
Published: February 2021

Lawyer's "strike" in Serbia is a new practical instrument of pressure for the protection of professional and economic interests. The author points to the Rawls theory of civil disobedience, considering that the crisis of the legal system and general endangering of freedom and rights, claim from lawyers that their interests should subordinate to interests of citizens and that the protests and discontents should be expressed in other ways, different from the obstruction of their own function and the function of the administration of justice.
Descartes' contribution to judicature
Authors: Beljanski Slobodan
Published: February 2021

In this paper the author contests Perelman's position that Descartes' philosophy because of disregarding idea of intellectual decision has nothing to give to law. Judicature oriented to rules, truth and authonomy draws its postulates from Descartes' suppositions of the cogito argument: personality, constructive suspicion and purification from mistakes and prejudices.
Continued criminal act in theory and practice
Authors: Jovašević Dragan
Published: February 2021

The author describes the concept and elements of the continued criminal act, the continued criminal act as a law construction and legal issue of this act in the proposal of new Criminal Statute.
Relationships between labor and administrative law
Authors: Bogićević Čedomir
Published: February 2021

The author discusses the basic features and elements of labor and administrative law, their relationship and reflexion of this relationship to realisation and protection of the rights from work. The relationship which results from work is not only the matter of its subjects. Because of importance to whole social relationships it gives to state administration the right of intervention to protect, supervise, control and decide some of its domains and from field of "private" passes partially to field of "public" relationships.
'The myth of Sysiphus' by Camus: An interpretation
Authors: Dobrosavljev Duška
Published: February 2021

The idea which this essay intends to communicate is the answer on the question: why did Albert Camus tell us that we should have imagined Sysiphus as happy? How can we find that odd point at which the absurd and happyness meet? Sysiphus's burden is nothing but a mere token for something far more through and deep, for his own will, conscious, responsibility, freedom. Not until we realized this, can we understand why Camus sees the smile on Sysiphus face. The revolutionary turn in man's mind represented with the figure of Sysiphus is what enables Camus to overcome the nihilism, to say "yes" to life.
Energetics in agriculture: Cultural pattern as a stumbling block or tailwind
Authors: Lečić Rajna , Nikolić Slavka
Published: February 2021

Observed in the last decade, Serbia cannot boast a high level of competitiveness, whereby the determined values of the innovation and business sophistication factors indicate that Serbia, in this subindex of competitiveness, noticeably lags behind even the EU countries with the lowest values of this indicator. Holding the attitude that sustainable development is a synergistic effect and a common denominator of energetics, agriculture and ecology, and the state of resources related to energetics and agriculture in Serbia is noticeably better than their effectiveness, culture will be introduced into the development equation, whereby the reasons for this situation will be seen through the prism of the prevailing cultural pattern of Serbia. Competitiveness, as a key assumption for improving the well-being of any country and considering the way of its improvement, is the main goal of this work.
Fixed point theorems for Cyclic-Ćirić-Reich-Rus contraction mapping in quasi-partial b-metric spaces
Authors: Mishra L.N. , Mishra V.N. , Gautam P. , Negi K.
Published: February 2021

In this paper, Cirić-Reich-Rus cyclic contraction mapping is defined in the setting of quasi-partial b-metric spaces and fixed point results are proved. Some examples are given to validate our results.
The role, position and importance of boarding schools in the education system
Authors: Komnenović Milan
Published: February 2021

This article focuses on the role and position of secondary boarding schools in the education system of the Republic of Serbia. This article begins with illustrating the dormitory and boarding school concepts within the legal framework. Namely, the aim is to explain the way in which a dormitory is defined within the law and rule books, as well as the concrete legal framework which regulates this part of education. Further, the article illustrates the dormitory and boarding school concepts using pedagogical dictionaries and encyclopaedias, as well as the articles of the authors from the region. All the roles that a dormitory has as an institution are presented; respectively, the contemporary functions such as the social, pedagogical, psychological and other functions are shown. Additionally, the article shows the hypothesized educational approach to work in dormitories, and it analyzes and presents the current rule book about the fundamentals of the education program in dormitories pertaining to the aim of elaborating the position and role of these educational institutions, as well as the importance of these establishments for students within the framework of the adequate education they receive outside their homes.
Pedagogical implications of different approaches to assessing the quality of student knowledge
Authors: Semiz Marina
Published: February 2021

The paper analyzes pedagogical implications of a psychometric and authentic approach in assessing the quality of student knowledge. Starting with the taxonomy of knowledge developed by Anderson and Krathwohl, epistemological assumptions and foundations of the theory of learning, the paper presents and analyzes the basic characteristics of both approaches, as well as their possibilities in assessing the quality of student knowledge. Given the fact that each approach in the assessment of student achievement is based on different epistemological assumptions, and is basically built on opposing theoretical foundations, it is clear that each of them provides a different picture of the quality of student knowledge, and helps improve the assessment of student achievement in its own, unique way. Based on the findings obtained using the two approaches to the assessment of student achievement, the following pedagogical implications have been derived: a) designing the theory and practice of teacher professional development in a way that supports new (and authentic) approaches in the assessment of student achievement; b) implementation of teaching methods should integrate the principles and characteristics of the authentic approach in the assessment of educational achievement; c) designing tests and authentic tasks is an integral part of the teaching process; d) principle of approximation is a feature of both theory and practice of educational assessment; and e) approaches considered here have different possibilities in assessing the quality of student knowledge. In addition to the previously mentioned, the paper also points out a number of important issues for further theoretical discussion, research and the application of different approaches in assessing the quality of student knowledge.
Bystander reactions to workplace incivility: The role of gender and discrimination claims
Authors: Sinclair Samantha
Published: February 2021

Will men and women receive the same support at work when they claim to have been discriminated against? This paper reports a scenario-based experimental study (N = 240, 50.4% women, M age = 25.65) that investigated bystanders’ reactions to an incident where a co-worker is treated in a condescending manner by another co-worker. The results showed that women reacted more strongly to the incivility incident and were more willing to support and defend the co-worker. As expected, the gender difference in helping intentions was especially prominent when the co-worker attributed the incident to gender discrimination, compared to a control condition with an attribution unrelated to gender. Further, when the incident was attributed to discrimination, the female co-worker evoked somewhat stronger helping intentions than the male co-worker, suggesting the presence of gender bias. The results are discussed in relation to the prototype perspective of perceived discrimination.
The meaning of temporal balance: Does meaning in life mediate the relationship between a balanced time perspective and mental health?
Authors: Webster Jeffrey Dean , Vowinckel Jonte , Ma Xiaodong
Published: February 2021

The construct of a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) predicts a variety of indices of mental health and well-being. We argue that one possible intermediate link between BTP and well-being may be an individual’s sense of presence of meaning in life. Participants ranging in age from 19 to 88 years (N = 192) completed two measures of time perspective (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory [ZTPI] and the modified Balanced Time Perspective Scale [mBTPS]), mental health, personality, and meaning in life. Correlational results showed that a BTP, mental health, and meaning in life were positively interrelated. Hierarchical regression models showed that a BTP (as measured with the mBTPS) explained additional variance in mental health beyond demographic, personality, and ZTPI scores. Mediation analyses showed that meaning served as a significant indirect link between BTP and well-being.
Irmã Elisabeth Silveira e a educação feminina no Colégio da Imaculada Conceição, Fortaleza-CE
Authors: Machado Fiuza Fialho Lia , Andrade de Sousa Francisca Genifer
Published: February 2021

O estudo trata da educação de mulheres em meados do século XX, mais especificamente daquelas provenientes da elite cearense. O objetivo foi compreender, a partir da biografia da irmã Elisabeth Silveira, a educação que lhe foi conferida e a sua atuação docente, o que lhe ensejou destaque social na formação feminina no período de 1943 a 1968. Amparou-se teoricamente na história cultural para realizar uma pesquisa do tipo biográfico que adotou a História Oral como metodologia. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante entrevistas livres desenvolvidas com duas ex-alunas, duas amigas e uma sobrinha da biografada, entrecruzadas com fontes documentais – jornais e livro de homenagem. Os resultados mostraram que Elisabeth Silveira foi uma mulher que gozou de trajetória formativa privilegiada, por morar na capital cearense e poder frequentar o prestigiado Colégio da Imaculada Conceição, onde concluiu o Curso Normal. Posteriormente tornou-se freira e passou a atuar como professora na referida instituição. Suas práticas educativas para a formação feminina eram pautadas na religiosidade, no ensino tradicional e na valorização do disciplinamento. O objetivo era educar moças de poder aquisitivo diferenciado, mediante escolarização, para que se tornassem comportadas, obedientes, religiosas, caridosas, recatadas e prendadas suficientemente para conseguirem casamentos, preferencialmente com homens provenientes de famílias bem-sucedidas financeiramente, com algum prestígio social.
Práticas pedagógicas: experiências inovadoras na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Castaman Ana Sara , Rodrigues Ricardo Antonio
Published: February 2021

As mudanças a nível tecnológico, econômico e político no mundo da vida influenciam inegavelmente no âmbito educacional, refletindo assim, nos processos e nos modos de ensinar e de aprender. Ainda, ressalta-se que, em se tratando de práticas pedagógicas, almeja-se que em cada nível e modalidade de ensino estas devam ser planejadas e executadas a partir de sua natureza, suas particularidades e sua complexidade. Neste escopo, o presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer os conceitos e as concepções sobre prática pedagógica, à luz das bases legais e conceituais do Currículo Integrado, de modo a apresentar práticas pedagógicas inovadoras aplicadas na educação profissional e tecnológica (EPT). Pauta-se metodologicamente em uma revisão bibliográfica de objetivos exploratórios e está dividido em duas partes: a) aborda os conceitos de prática pedagógica associando à inovação; b) discute as práticas pedagógicas inovadoras na EPT, a partir de um relato de experiência. Ressaltou-se que as práticas pedagógicas na EPT constituem-se como condição de melhor atender as demandas humanas da criatividade e da autodeterminação docente, levando em conta as exigências culturais do nosso tempo; que inovação não implica pirotecnia, mas escolha cotidiana para conduzir práticas vivas. Os educadores devem adotar estratégias de ensinagem que além de inovadoras corroborem para novos olhares à realidade social dos educandos. A realidade problematizada sobre as práticas pedagógicas inovadoras na EPT favorece e dissemina novos rumos para uma educação emancipatória.
Aspectos do estágio docente de Letras em Sala de Apoio à Aprendizagem em Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Malinoski Pianaro Angelo Cristiane , Menegassi Renilson José
Published: February 2021

Com fundamentação nos pressupostos da perspectiva histórico-cultural advindos de Vygotsky e nas pesquisas sobre leitura e escrita desenvolvidas pela Linguística Aplicada no Brasil, este artigo descreve, discute e reflete sobre a abordagem de trabalho com as habilidades de leitura e de escrita, por uma professora em formação docente inicial, junto a alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem. Também objetiva refletir sobre a mediação do professor formador nessa situação específica. O corpus constitutivo das análises são os relatórios de estágio de uma aluna de licenciatura em Letras-Português, de uma universidade pública do estado do Paraná, produzidos nas práticas de ensino em uma Sala de Apoio à Aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa (SAALP), contexto em que realizou o trabalho de observação e atuação. As análises demonstram que, por meio das experiências docentes em SAALP, mediadas pelo professor supervisor, a estagiária apreende as principais dificuldades de leitura e de escrita dos alunos, assim como as estratégias e abordagens para trabalhá-las, como a contação de histórias, a leitura compartilhada, a ordenação e sequenciação de perguntas de leitura, para impulsionar processos de desenvolvimento das habilidades nesses alunos e em si própria, enquanto docente.
A docência universitária e suas interfaces didáticas: movimentos de aprendizagens
Authors: Ferraz Roselane Duarte , Ferreira Lúcia Gracia , Costa da Nova Carla Carolina
Published: February 2021

A docência universitária é focalizada nesse artigo a partir das relações didáticas empreendidas nas aulas. Ela é discutida com interfaces dos saberes e práticas pedagógicas, buscando conhecer os elementos presentes nesse movimento didático. Assim, este artigo buscou verificar os desafios e perspectivas presentes nas relações didáticas de docentes universitários em um curso de formação em serviço e os saberes construídos e mobilizados na prática pedagógica. A pesquisa foi realizada no ano de 2014, através das observações de aulas universitárias, com descrição em notas de campo, no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia, que se configurava como formação em serviço, por ser específico para professores. Com a análise dos dados produzidos, constatamos que as aulas observadas eram problematizadas e contextualizadas e traziam aspectos da realidade social dos alunos. Assim, verificamos que nessas aulas vinha sendo realizado o movimento de construção e desconstrução de conhecimentos e saberes e que o processo de ensinar-aprender vinha se dando em meio às resistências e insistências. Constatamos, ainda, que as relações didáticas abarcavam novidades pedagógicas, metodológicas, ideológicas, humanas, culturais, entre outras. Nas aulas, desafios foram revelados e perspectivas emergiram em meio à construção da formação. Dessa forma, a docência universitária é analisada e construída nas interfaces entre os saberes e práticas pedagógicas como movimentos de aprendizagens.
Trabalho pedagógico e docência universitária nos Cursos de Direito na perspectiva da Resolução CNE/CES 05/2018
Authors: Papalia Franceli Bianquin Grigoletto , Soares Ferreira Liliana
Published: February 2021

Sistematiza-se análise sobre o trabalho pedagógico realizado pelos professores no Curso de Direito, tendo por referência a historicidade e as mudanças indicadas pela Resolução CNE/CES 05/2018. O estudo pautou-se pela Análise dos Movimentos de Sentidos, elaborada pelo grupo de pesquisa do qual se participa, que visa à compreensão dos fenômenos como elaborações discursivas, comparando-os horizontal e verticalmente. Nesse viés, para a produção de dados, realizou-se pesquisa e análise documentais em textos que se referem ao Curso de Direito, em livros, artigos e políticas educacionais direcionadas a esta área, em especial, as versões já publicadas das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os cursos de Direito no Brasil. Em toda a análise dos dados, a historicidade e a contextualização, na mediação com as políticas educacionais referentes à área do Direito, foram balizas. Em suma, realizou-se um estudo, de base histórica, com o objetivo de entender como se caracteriza o trabalho pedagógico no Curso de Direito e, neste viés, diferenciando “trabalho pedagógico” e “docência universitária”. Assim, o artigo inicia pela apresentação das concepções que orientaram a produção e a análise dos dados, esclarecendo por que se põe em relevo a noção de trabalho pedagógico e qual sua relação com docência universitária. Apresenta-se também uma leitura da historicidade dos cursos de Direito no país, sob a ótica do trabalho pedagógico dos professores e esclarece-se quanto às possibilidades e desafios deste trabalho, com base no estudo realizado.