bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Ergonomic Study on Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Postural Stress among Workers involved in Stone Masonry Work
Authors: Arya Neha , Sharma Promila
Published: December 2023

In India, especially in the high hills of Uttarakhand, stone masonry work, is a commonly known practice followed by hilly people to support their life. It is basically a labour-intensive job, where most of the activities are performed manually by workers due to the unavailability of advanced tools and technologies at Hills. That’s why musculoskeletal discomfort and postural stress are some of the major health problems faced by stone masonry workers. Therefore the present study was planned with the following objectives, to assess the demographic profile of stone masonry workers, musculoskeletal discomfort, and postural stress among stone masonry workers involved in various activities. A total of 120 male stone masonry workers were selected. Methodology: An interview schedule was planned for collecting data regarding the demographic profile of workers, tools, and technologies adopted by workers while performing various activities. A modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was adopted for collecting data regarding MSDs. The Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) tool was used for assessing postural stress among workers. The results revealed that workers were at high risk of musculoskeletal discomfort, they were vulnerable to be affected by a wide range of injuries and accidents. They work for 8-9 hours in mostly awkward postures and suffer from pain in various body parts; in the case of extraction, 58.82 percent and 64 percent of workers were suffering from lower back pain and wrist pain respectively. In breaking 81.25 percent of workers were having pain in their shoulders. In crushing shaping and layering activity 73.33 percent, 76.47 percent, and 38 percent of workers complained about pain in the wrist or hands. On the basis of the WERA score majority, i.e. 82.66 percent of the workers involved in various activities lay under the medium action level that indicates (the task needs to be further investigated and requires change). Immense attention, in the form of appropriate preventive measures, is needed to protect workers.
Bacteriological and Physico-Chemical Quality of Vegetable Irrigation Water in the City of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Traoré Oumar , Celestin Kiendrebeogo , Dembélé René , Nafissatou Ouédraogo , Setsoafia Saba Courage Kosi , Barro Nicolas
Published: December 2023

The water used in the city of Ouagadougou for vegetables irrigation is often of questionable quality and can pose a public health threat to the population. The objectives of the present study were to estimate the concentration of microorganisms and physicochemical parameters in water used for irrigation. Water samples from three sites were analyzed according to standard methods. Total coliforms were on average 3.5103 CFU / 100 ml; 2.8103 CFU / 100 ml; 5.5103CFU / 100 ml respectively for water from site 1, site 2 and the Tanghin dam. Fecal coliforms were 1.2103 CFU / 100 ml; 4.1102 CFU / 100 ml; 1.1103 CFU / 100 ml respectively for site 1, site 2 and the Tanghin dam. The mean fecal enterococci were 4.9102 CFU / 100 ml; 4.0102 CFU / 100 ml; 7.4102 CFU / 100 ml respectively for site 1, site 2 and the Tanghin dam. A sample from the Tanghin dam had magnesium concentration higher than the WHO standard. This study reveals that the site 1 and the Tanghin dam are not suitable for the irrigation of vegetables in Ouagadougou and measures must be taken to purify the water to the required standards.
Biological Control of Insect and Fungal Pests by Predominant Coccinellidae Beetles-A Review
Authors: Bashir Junaid , Mehraj Mudasir , Husain Khan Zakir , Ali Md. Niamat
Published: December 2023

Ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are a variety of creatures that can be found in a wide range of terrestrial ecosystems. They are members of the Coleoptera order, Polyphaga suborder, Cucujoidea superfamily, and Coccinellidae family. The majority of the coccinellids are predatory in nature and feeds on a variety of pests like aphids, thrips, small larvae, mites, fungus, etc., and thus have huge potential for managing a wide range of pests of economically significant crops. Both the adult and larval stages are predacious in nature and feed on different kinds of pests. Since they are the natural answer to pest control and are far more efficient than hazardous chemicals, their existence in agroecosystems aids in lowering the use of dangerous chemical pesticides. Coccinellids are multivoltine i.e., producing many generations in a year. The life cycle of coccinellids has four developmental stages: eggs, larva, pupa, and adult. By utilizing various tactics, the efficacy of coccinellids as biological control agents can be increased. Such as spraying nutrients like sucrose on crops to enhance the reproductive rate of coccinellids. Numerous insect and fungal pests disrupt ecosystems in horticulture and agriculture around the world; these pests are naturally managed by biocontrol agents. In the present review the role of coccinellids as biological control agents of insects and fungal pests has been analyzed.
Antimicrobial Activities of Fungal Strains from Fungus-Growing Macrotermes bellicosus Mound Materials
Authors: B. Sawadogo Joseph , Traoré Salimata , E. T. Hien Sandrine , Palé Dagoro , Maïga Ynoussa , Dianou Dayéri , S. Ouattara Aboubakar
Published: December 2023

Increasing world antimicrobial resistance requires to search for new microbes-derived biomolecules with higher antimicrobial activity from natural environments. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of fungal isolates associated with termite mounds. Isolates were obtained from soil and fungi comb samples of active Macrotermes bellicosus termite mounds. The antimicrobial bioassays of fungal isolates against test pathogenic bacteria and the fungus Aspergillus niger by dual culture, agar well diffusion, and disc diffusion methods were performed. The isolates with potent antimicrobial activity were phenotypically identified. Of over 65 fungal isolates, 48 exhibited an antagonistic effect against at least one test germ. Fifteen isolates (9 and 6 from soil and comb, respectively) that interestingly 3 (IM2s, IM15s, and IM51s belonging to Aspergillus sp.) had exclusively broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (10-35 mm) against all bacteria. Only the isolate IM51s inhibited Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by dual culture and agar well diffusion. Six other isolates IM1s, IM61s (Rhizopus sp.), and IM3s, IM31m, IM34m, and IM40m (as Aspergillus sp.) had solely high antifungal activity (53-60% inhibition) against A. niger. This study indicated that the M. bellicosus mound material-associated fungal isolates can be of potential interest in discovering novel fungal species and antimicrobials, and their various applications.
Genetic Variability Studies in Crossandra (Crossandra infundibuliformis)
Authors: Srinivasulu G. B. , Shiragur Mukund , Shirol A. M. , Basavaraja N. , Gangadharappa P. M. , kumar Pavan
Published: December 2023

Studies were conducted to investigate the variability on growth, flowering, yield and quality parameters of crossandra (Crossandra undulaefolia Salisb.). The study carried out at the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Horticulture, College of Horticulture Munirabad, Koppal. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Completely Block Design (RCRD) with ten varieties/genotypes. Genetic parameters such as, Genetic advance, Genotypic variance, Phenotypic variance, Broad sense heritability, Genotypic and Phenotypic coefficient of variation (GCV, PCV), Genetic advance as per cent of mean for different characters of crossandra genotypes. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean was noticed for plant spread, number of primary and secondary branches, leaf area, chlorophyll content, duration of flowering, number of flowers per spike, spike length, 100 flower weight, flower yield per plant, per plot and per hectare and Flowering parameters such as days taken to flower bud initiation, days taken to 50 % flowering, days taken to first harvest and corolla length have lower estimates of GCV and PCV and moderate estimates of GCV and PCV noticed for plant height, plant spread and flower diameter. The magnitude of heritability in broad sense was high for all the characters under study except for flowering duration. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent mean was recorded for characters flower yield (kg/plot), flower yield (g / plant), number of spikes per plant, flower yield (t/ha), spike length, number of primary branches per plant, number of flowers per spike, shelf life, number of secondary branches per plant, leaf area, total chlorophyll, weight of 100 flowers (g), flower diameter However, high heritability associated with high GA proves more useful for efficient improvement of a character through simple selection. Thus, these characters can be improved through pure line selection.
Prediction of patient length of stay using random forest method based on the Indonesian national health insurance
Authors: Hanifa Aini , Kurniawan Yogiek Indra , Husen Jati Hiliamsyah , Nugroho Arief Kelik , Permadi Ipung
Published: December 2023

Inpatient care is the largest component of healthcare service expenditure. Healthcare management plays a role in reducing expenditure costs and improving healthcare services. Identification of factors related to patient length of stay and accurate prediction of how long patients will be hospitalized becomes important to support stakeholder decision making. In this study, the length of stay for patients using BPJS insurance services was predicted using the random forest method. An experiment has been conducted to compare different numbers of trees and candidate split attributes in a prediction model. The experimental results showed that increasing the number of trees and candidate split attributes can improve prediction performance and reduce the resulting error rate. The optimal value was found when the number of trees was 100 with the MSE/Variance value of 0.3805. The main determinant variables for predicting patient length of stay were found to be the patient's disease diagnosis, participant segment, and healthcare facility type.
Design of a microcontroller-based quadcopter prototype module Fly Sky XL163RX take off and landing
Authors: Saragih Yuliarman , Lammada Ibrahim , Satrio Hadikusuma Ridwan , Handayana Kayat , Elisabeth Agatha
Published: December 2023

This research paper presents the design and development of a microcontroller-based quadcopter prototype module, named Fly Sky XL163RX, with the capability of take off and landing. The objective of this study is to design a reliable and efficient quadcopter module that can be utilized for various applications, such as aerial photography, surveillance, and delivery services. The proposed quadcopter module is equipped with the Fly Sky XL163RX microcontroller, which serves as the control unit for managing the flight operations. The design process involves several key steps, including the selection of appropriate components, integration of sensors and actuators, and the development of control algorithms. The quadcopter module utilizes a combination of sensors, including gyroscopes, accelerometers, and altimeters, to gather real-time data and stabilize the flight. The control algorithm employs a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller to adjust the motor speeds and maintain stability during take off and landing. The Fly Sky XL163RX microcontroller offers a user-friendly interface and supports various communication protocols, allowing for easy customization and control of the quadcopter module. Additionally, the module incorporates safety features, such as emergency landing capabilities and collision avoidance systems, to enhance flight security and prevent potential accidents. The performance of the Fly Sky XL163RX quadcopter module was evaluated through extensive flight testing. The results demonstrate the module's capability to achieve stable take off and landing operations, as well as its responsiveness to user commands. The module's compact size and lightweight design make it suitable for indoor and outdoor applications. In conclusion, this research presents the design and development of the Fly Sky XL163RX microcontroller-based quadcopter module, which exhibits reliable and efficient take off and landing operations. The module's integration of sensors, control algorithms, and safety features contribute to its overall performance and usability. Future work may focus on enhancing the module's capabilities, such as implementing autonomous flight modes and improving battery efficiency.Quadcopter, Microcontroller, FlySky XL163RX, Take Off, Landing, Control Algorithm, Sensors, Actuators, PID Controller, Flight Testing, Aerial Applications.
Design of machine learning-based water quality prediction system with recursive feature elimination cross-validation
Authors: Julian James , Dewantara Annastya Bagas , Wahyuni Fitri
Published: December 2023

Lack of clean water has become a problem in the world, and it is estimated that by 2025 there will be 2.8 billion people who will experience a shortage of clean water. The high demand for clean water and the limited water sources with proper potency is one of the main reasons for the need for a device capable of measuring the potability level of water that is flexible to carry and does not require high costs in the manufacturing process. In this paper, the design of machine learning-based potability devices with recursive feature elimination with cross-validation (RFECV) is carried out as a guide in making the design of a water potability detection system, and the results obtained from RFECV with the Random Forest (RF) algorithm have a higher accuracy value. 15.71% better than the RF model, 6.85% better than the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, and 8.57% better than the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model trained without RFECV. The water potability prediction system's design selection is based on feature elimination results in the RFECV process. It is based on a literature review on device selection. The proposed water potability detection system consists of ESP32 as the primary computing device, electrochemical spectroscopy-based Al/PET sensor to detect sulfate values with a sensitivity of 0.874 Ω/ppm, PH4502C as a pH measuring instrument with an accuracy of up to 98.10%, WD-35802-49 electrode. as a device for measuring hardness in water with a measurement range of 0.4 – 40,000 ppm, a total dissolved solids sensor to determine the solids content in water with an accuracy of up to 97.80%, as well as a carbon-based sensor for measuring chloramines with a reading capacity of 186 nA/ppm.
Diagnóstico da vulnerabilidade ambiental da Floresta Nacional de Palmares, Altos, Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Pereira Mailodovinci de Sousa , Moscardi Mayra Fernandes Nobre , Moita Neto José Machado
Published: December 2023

As unidades de conservação correspondem a espaços legalmente instituídos nos quais são preconizadas limitações específicas para o uso de seus recursos naturais. A variedade de ecossistemas no Brasil permite que essas áreas protegidas sejam estabelecidas em regiões de vulnerabilidade ambiental distintas, contudo o conhecimento das fragilidades pode auxiliar as atividades de gestão daqueles envolvidos no manejo cotidiano desses espaços. Deste modo, o presente trabalho intencionou diagnosticar a vulnerabilidade ambiental da Floresta Nacional de Palmares, utilizando a análise multicritério com ponderação por especialistas quanto a atributos ambientais, como declividade, pedologia e uso e ocupação do solo. Os procedimentos desempenhados no ambiente SIG somente foram possíveis mediante a aquisição de dados georreferenciados dos referidos atributos ambientais da unidade. Através da metodologia aplicada, verificou-se que a maior parte do território da unidade de conservação encontra-se em baixa vulnerabilidade ambiental (40,62%), contudo 2,77% do território demonstra elevada vulnerabilidade ambiental, em especial nas porções norte e leste da unidade de conservação. Inferiu-se, neste estudo, que a vulnerabilidade ambiental tem o potencial de auxiliar a gestão ao interferir na intensidade dos usos estabelecidos com vistas à prevenção de processos erosivos.
Diagnóstico do crescimento de novas instalações de energia renovável em propriedades rurais no Brasil
Authors: Gajo Fabiula Ferrarez Silva , Souto Filho Sebastião Nilce
Published: December 2023

O agronegócio tem ocupado, cada vez mais, um importante papel na economia do país. No entanto, associado à expansão dessas atividades, observa-se uma maior demanda por recursos energéticos que viabilizem a realização das atividades de forma segura e viável ao produtor. Sob essa ótica, o uso de fontes energéticas renováveis se mostra como alternativa importante, ao possibilitar a otimização na administração dos recursos econômicos da propriedade, além de reduzir prejuízos ambientais observados com o uso de combustíveis fósseis. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é demonstrar os dados de energia renovável instalada em propriedades rurais no Brasil, disponibilizados pela Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica. Os dados apresentados são referentes aos micros e minigeradores distribuídos, abrangidos pela Resolução Normativa n. 482/2012, sendo expressos em kW (quilowatt). A Potência Instalada é definida pelo somatório da potência elétrica ativa nominal das unidades geradoras. Observou-se a predominância de novas instalações de energia solar em todas as regiões do país, seguida pelas instalações que utilizam biomassa como fonte de energia. Recomenda-se que os programas de incentivo ao uso de energias renováveis nas propriedades rurais se adequem às particularidades de cada região, aumentando, assim, a probabilidade de sucesso e de adequação dos produtores às novas tecnologias.
Conflitos em torno de um reservatório urbano com capacidade para abastecimento público no semiárido do Estado de Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Silvanete Severino da , Farias Vera Núbia Carvalho de , Rodrigues Juliana Chagas , Paiva Marcella Vianna Cabral , Silva José Roberto Lopes da , Santos Bárbara Davis Brito dos
Published: December 2023

A proteção dos mananciais é importante para preservar a qualidade e quantidade de água e garantir seu uso, especialmente o abastecimento público. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar os conflitos de uso e ocupação do solo no entorno do Reservatório Engenheiro Severino Guerra, localizado no Rio Bitury, no Município de Belo Jardim, Estado de Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil. O reservatório está situado em zona urbana, cujo objeto principal de sua construção foi suprir as necessidades de abastecimento público de água para, aproximadamente, 200 mil habitantes da região. O estudo foi quantitativo e qualitativo, baseado nas seguintes técnicas de pesquisa: documental, bibliográfica, fotointerpretação e geoprocessamento, pesquisa de campo, observações e análise de dados. A medição da área de preservação permanente em torno do reservatório foi baseada na Resolução CONAMA nº 302/2002, que institui 30 metros de recuo para reservatórios artificiais situados em área urbana. Dentre os conflitos analisados em torno do reservatório, destacam-se o uso agrícola, a redução da área do reservatório em virtude dos processos de assoreamento e erosão do solo e a qualidade da água do reservatório.
Análise da vantagem comparativa do Brasil no mercado de agrotóxicos
Authors: Pires Otávio Henrique , Zaneti Willian Aparecido Leoti , Cardoso Daniel Borges , Amaral Ana Maria Santana do , Alves Lázaro Quintino , Góes Bruno César
Published: December 2023

Os avanços tecnológicos e a mudança de pensamento dos produtores que compõem o agronegócio brasileiro impulsionaram mudançasna maioria das áreas deste importante setor. Assim, a automação da área de aplicação de agrotóxicos, necessitava de mecanismos que a tornasse mais ágil, eficaz e sustentável. Contudo, para alavancar quaisquer negócios é prioritário que haja recursos disponíveis, fomento e financiamentos. A necessidade de alavancar o setor agrícola brasileiro uniu as indústrias, governo e bancos, criando o crédito rural, que era um crédito específico para a compra de agrotóxicos. O mau uso do crédito levou à falência vários produtores, que não usaram os recursos para proteger suas plantações, culminando assim na insolvência e perda de patrimônio próprio empurrando este contingente de pessoas para áreas urbanas, provocando o êxodo rural. Os agrotóxicos s agrícolas são produtos elaborados quimicamente para serem aplicados nas plantações na tentativa de extinguir ou mitigar contingente de pragas que afetam determinadas áreas plantadas. Os agrotóxicos ajudam na proteção das plantações, mas por outro lado são prejudiciais ao meio ambiente, animais e para a população. Estudos recentes sobre os agrotóxicos mostram evolução no sentido de melhorar a tecnologia para que seja ofertado novos produtos menos agressivos. O uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos nas lavouras trouxe consequências danosas para o meio ambiente e pessoas, mas, contudo, houve crescimento da produção agrícola do Brasil.
Examining the Social Situation of Rural Women in Taounate Province, Northern Morocco
Authors: IDRISSI Latifa HAFDI
Published: December 2023

Gender inequality remains a pervasive problem, with cultural, traditional and ideological factors as well as religious interpretations, contributing to differences and inequalities between men and women. These differences can lead to gender disparities in the division of labor and the undervaluation of women’s contributions in various aspects of life. This study aims to explore the social situation of rural women in Morocco, with a particular focus on the Taounate Province in the country’s northern region. The paper investigates whether rural women and girls have been adequately considered in governmental actions and development initiatives, and if so, whether these initiatives effectively benefit them. Additionally, the study assesses how these actions may contribute to or hinder the success of development in rural areas. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the challenges and opportunities are faced by rural women in Taounate Province and provide insights into potential solutions to address the gender disparities that continue to exist in these communities.
KRONİK BOYUN AĞRILI BİREYLERDE AĞRI ŞİDDETİ, ÖZÜRLÜLÜK DÜZEYİ VE VÜCUT FARKINDALIĞI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: Demirel Muhammed Salih , Belgen Kaygisiz Beliz , Kılıç Sabahaddin , Cavlak Uğur
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu kesitsel çalışma kronik boyun ağrılı bireylerde ağrı şiddeti, özürlülük düzeyi ve vücut farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla planlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 43,23±15,42 yıl olan toplam 115 (44 kadın, 66 erkek) kronik boyun ağrılı birey katılmıştır. Katılımcıların ağrı şiddetleri Vizuel Analog Skalası (VAS), özürlülük düzeyileri Boyun Özür Göstergesi Anketi (BÖGA), vücut farkındalıkları ise Vücut Farkındalık Anketi (VFA) ile değerlendirildi.
Sonuçlar: Ağrı şiddeti puanları ile özürlülük düzeyi puanları arasında ise pozitif yönlü ve orta şiddetli ilişki saptandı. (p=0,000, r=0,661). Vücut farkındalığı anketi toplam puanı ile ağrı şiddeti (p=0,001, r=-0,301) ve özürlülük düzeyi arasında (p=0,000, r=-0,337) negatif yönlü ve düşük şiddetli ilişki bulundu.
Tartışma: Bu çalışmada kronik boyun ağrılı bireylerde özürlülük düzeyi, ağrı şiddeti ve vücut farkındalığı parametrelerinin negatif ilişkili olduğu belirlendi. Bu nedenle kronik boyun ağrılı bireylerde özürlülük düzeyi ve ağrı şiddetinin yanısıra vücut farkıdalığının da değerlendirilmesi ve bu durumu iyileştirmeye yönelik hazırlanacak tedavi programına vücut farkındalığını geliştirecek tedavilerin de ilave edilmesinin yaralı olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Docentes de inglés en educación superior: la experiencia pedagógica en la enseñanza del idioma extranjero
Authors: Sergio-Luis Ayazo Santos  , Robin-Samuel Flórez Salgado  , Daniel-Enrique Carranza Torres
Published: December 2023

Comprender la experiencia pedagógica de los docentes de inglés institucional de la Corporación Universitaria del Caribe CECAR en Sincelejo en la Ruta Curricular para la enseñanza del idioma extranjero
Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Maternal Hemorrhage and Transfusion: Model Development Study
Authors: Ahmadzia Homa Khorrami , Dzienny Alexa C , Bopf Mike , Phillips Jaclyn M , Federspiel Jerome Jeffrey , Amdur Richard , Rice Madeline Murguia , Rodriguez Laritza
Published: December 2023

Background

Current postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) risk stratification is based on traditional statistical models or expert opinion. Machine learning could optimize PPH prediction by allowing for more complex modeling.

Objective

We sought to improve PPH prediction and compare machine learning and traditional statistical methods.

Methods

We developed models using the Consortium for Safe Labor data set (2002-2008) from 12 US hospitals. The primary outcome was a transfusion of blood products or PPH (estimated blood loss of ≥1000 mL). The secondary outcome was a transfusion of any blood product. Fifty antepartum and intrapartum characteristics and hospital characteristics were included. Logistic regression, support vector machines, multilayer perceptron, random forest, and gradient boosting (GB) were used to generate prediction models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) and area under the precision/recall curve (PR-AUC) were used to compare performance.

Results

Among 228,438 births, 5760 (3.1%) women had a postpartum hemorrhage, 5170 (2.8%) had a transfusion, and 10,344 (5.6%) met the criteria for the transfusion-PPH composite. Models predicting the transfusion-PPH composite using antepartum and intrapartum features had the best positive predictive values, with the GB machine learning model performing best overall (ROC-AUC=0.833, 95% CI 0.828-0.838; PR-AUC=0.210, 95% CI 0.201-0.220). The most predictive features in the GB model predicting the transfusion-PPH composite were the mode of delivery, oxytocin incremental dose for labor (mU/minute), intrapartum tocolytic use, presence of anesthesia nurse, and hospital type.

Conclusions

Machine learning offers higher discriminability than logistic regression in predicting PPH. The Consortium for Safe Labor data set may not be optimal for analyzing risk due to strong subgroup effects, which decreases accuracy and limits generalizability.
The Remediation of Congo Red-Contaminated Groundwater by using a Permeable Reactive Barrier Through Modified Waterworks Sludge MgAl-LDH
Authors: Salih Sudad Adil , Naife Tariq M.
Published: December 2023

This investigation aims to explore the potential of waterworks sludge (WS), low-cost byproduct of water treatment processes, as a sorbent for removing Congo Red (CR) dyes. This will be achieved by precipitating nano-sized (MgAl-LDH)-layered double hydroxide onto the surface of the sludge. The efficiency of utilizing MgAl-LDH to modify waterworks sludge (MWS) for use in permeable reactive barrier technology was confirmed through analysis with Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction. The isotherm model was employed to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms involved in the process. Furthermore, the COMSOL model was utilized to establish a continuous testing model for the analysis of contaminant transport under diverse conditions. A strong correlation was indicated, with a coefficient of determination (R2) ≥ 0.97, when the model's predictions were compared to experimental values, indicating the accuracy of the model. Continuous transport exhibited earlier breakthrough points when the bed depth decreased and the initial concentration and flow rate increased.
Working Memory Classification Enhancement of EEG Activity in Dementia: A Comparative Study
Authors: Al-Qazzaz Noor Kamal , Mohd Ali Sawal Hamid Bin , Ahmad Siti Anom
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the current investigation is to distinguish between working memory ( ) in five patients with vascular dementia ( ), fifteen post-stroke patients with mild cognitive impairment ( ), and fifteen healthy control individuals ( ) based on background electroencephalography (EEG) activity. The elimination of EEG artifacts using wavelet (WT) pre-processing denoising is demonstrated in this study. In the current study, spectral entropy ( ), permutation entropy ( ), and approximation entropy ( ) were all explored. To improve the  classification using the k-nearest neighbors ( NN) classifier scheme, a comparative study of using fuzzy neighbourhood preserving analysis with -decomposition ( ) as a dimensionality reduction technique and the improved binary gravitation search ( ) optimization algorithm as a channel selection method has been conducted. The NN classification accuracy was increased from 86.67% to 88.09% and 90.52% using the  dimensionality reduction technique and the  channel selection algorithm, respectively. According to the findings,  reliably enhances  discrimination of , , and  participants. Therefore, WT, entropy features, IBGSA and NN classifiers provide a valid dementia index for looking at EEG background activity in patients with  and .
Development of an ANN Model for RGB Color Classification using the Dataset Extracted from a Fabricated Colorimeter
Authors: Mnati Shahad A. , Hussein Furat I. , Issa Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Codes of red, green, and blue data (RGB) extracted from a lab-fabricated colorimeter device were used to build a proposed classifier with the objective of classifying colors of objects based on defined categories of fundamental colors. Primary, secondary, and tertiary colors namely red, green, orange, yellow, pink, purple, blue, brown, grey, white, and black, were employed in machine learning (ML) by applying an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm using Python. The classifier, which was based on the ANN algorithm, required a definition of the mentioned eleven colors in the form of RGB codes in order to acquire the capability of classification. The software's capacity to forecast the color of the code that belongs to an object under detection is one of the results of the proposed classifier. The work demanded the collection of about 5000 color codes which in turn were subjected to algorithms for training and testing. The open-source platform TensorFlow for ML and the open-source neural network library Keras were used to construct the algorithm for the study. The results showed an acceptable efficiency of the built classifier represented by an accuracy of 90% which can be considered applicable, especially after some improvements in the future to makes it more effective as a trusted colorimeter.
PDF Comparison based on Various FSO Channel Models under Different Atmospheric Turbulence
Authors: A. Atiyah Mahdi , Abdulameer Lwaa Faisal , Narkhedel Gaurav
Published: December 2023

Recently, wireless communication environments with high speeds and low complexity have become increasingly essential. Free-space optics (FSO) has emerged as a promising solution for providing direct connections between devices in such high-spectrum wireless setups. However, FSO communications are susceptible to weather-induced signal fluctuations, leading to fading and signal weakness at the receiver. To mitigate the effects of these challenges, several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the transition from weak to strong atmospheric turbulence, including Rayleigh, lognormal, Málaga, Nakagami-m, K-distribution, Weibull, Negative-Exponential, Inverse-Gaussian, G-G, and Fisher-Snedecor F distributions. This paper extensively studies and analyses different probability density functions (PDFs) that govern the FSO channel, considering various channel models. This paper aims to comprehensively understand how FSO channels can be effectively modeled using different PDFs. Accurate modeling is crucial for designing FSO systems that can operate optimally under potential environmental conditions. Selecting the appropriate PDF model plays a crucial role in determining the FSO channel's performance during system design. With a multitude of PDF models available, this study aims to identify the most effective PDF model to be employed in FSO channel modeling.
Research on Fault Diagnosis Methods for Emulsion Pump
Authors: Yang Jing
Published: December 2023

During the operation of emulsion pumps, it is inevitable that some mechanical failures may occur. The more serious and frequent components are crankshaft fracture and rolling bearing failure, which can affect the safety and reliability of the emulsion pump once they fail. Therefore, this article describes the symptoms of common faults in emulsion pumps, analyzes their causes, and proposes corresponding improvement measures. At the same time, combining modern diagnostic methods to diagnose faults such as crankshaft fracture and rolling bearing failure, in order to prevent unnecessary mechanical accidents from occurring. And according to the different usage environments and faults of its parts, appropriate diagnostic methods are adopted to prevent emulsion pump failures and improve production efficiency.
The Effect of Polyvalent Staphylococcus Vaccine on the Gene Expression of IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-1R and Phagocytes in Mice Spleen
Authors: Zhou Meng , Qu Chenfei , Lei Zhu , Bi Chunhua , Jiang Xiao , Liu Ting , Yue Qi’an
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To study the effect of Polyvalent staphylococcus vaccine on cellular immune function in mice. Methods: Forty SD kunming species of mice were randomly divided into low dose group (500 million/ml bacteria), middle dose group (1 billion/ml bacteria), high dose group (2 billion/ml bacteria) and control group, Mice were immunized with different doses of Polyvalent staphylococcus vaccine. The expression of IL-8, IFN - γ and IL-1R genes in spleen tissues of mice in different doses of experimental group and control group were detected by RT-PCR, and the phagocytic effect of phagocytes in abdominal cavity of mice was detected by abdominal smear Results: Compared with the normal control group, the expression level of IL-8, IFN - γ, IL-1R gene and phagocytic function of spleen in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01), the effect in the middle dose group were the best. Conclusion: Polyvalent staphylococcus vaccine can significantly improve the expression level of IL-8, IFN - γ, IL-1R gene in mouse spleen, and enhance the phagocytic function of phagocytes, and its effect showed dose-dependent manner.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Domestic and International Research on Cognitive Interpreting Studies
Authors: Wang Lu
Published: December 2023

This bibliometric analysis examines domestic and international core journal articles to map the thematic contours and overall development of cognitive interpreting studies (CIS) over the past two decades. Data were obtained from central databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Translation Studies Bibliography, Web of Science, and EBSCO. Visualized network maps generated by CiteSpace and traditional literature review provided multidimensional insights into research hotspots and frontiers, as evidenced by co-word frequencies, h-indices, citation counts, publication years, institutional distributions, authorship, and other metrics. Differences in theoretical perspectives, methodologies, and research techniques are highlighted. Research has mostly focused on interpreting pedagogy, language comprehension, working memory, and interpreter capabilities. Looking ahead, fMRI studies, corpus-based analyses, eye-tracking experiments, and inquiries into simultaneous interpretation and sign language interpreting may emerge as new research trends in CIS. Current gaps point to strategies and recommendations for future inquiries to advance this burgeoning field.
Accessibility Analysis of A-level Lin Pan Scenic Spot in Dayi County Based on Road Network
Authors: He You , Huang Yanmei , Yang Yimei
Published: December 2023

Chengdu vigorously promotes the construction and development of Lin Pan. Aiming at the distribution of A-level Lin Pan in Dayi County, this study analyzed the accessibility of A-level Lin Pan by using ArcGIS software, OD cost matrix analysis method and two-step mobile search method, and found that: (1) Accessibility of different A-class Lin Pan varies greatly, and the longest arrival time is almost twice that of the shortest. (2) The A-level Lin Pan scenic spot has A general economic driving effect on the local economy, and it is suggested to increase the construction of Lin Pan scenic spot according to the distribution of Lin Pan.
AN ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ PROBLEM IN WRITING A NARRATIVE TEXT AT ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMAN 1 KOTO KAMPAR HULU
Authors: Yunanda Nurma , Asilestari Putri , Hardi Vitri Anggraini
Published: December 2023

This study aims to describe the problems in writing narrative text for class XI students of SMAN 1 Koto Kampar Hulu, describing the problems faced by students in write narrative texts, and provide solutions or ways to overcome problems faced by students. This study uses a qualitative description method. Technique data collection was obtained by using interview techniques and documentation, and the data obtained were analyzed using Triangulation data sources and method triangulation. The results showed that in writing narrative text, in class XI students of SMAN 1 Koto Kampar Hulu carried out based on 2013 curriculum, class XI English learning syllabus, and carried out according to the English lesson plan for narrative text teaching materials. The problems faced in writing narrative texts are: teacher teaching to students is not optimal, students' motivation is low in writing narrative text, How to overcome these difficulties is that teachers are given training and guidance regarding learning and students are given attention, motivation to be active in learning
APPEAL FOR DISPOSING GARBAGE IN THE CITY OF PADANG (A PRAGMATIC STUDY)
Authors: Arifan Arifan , Aslinda Aslinda , Revita Ike
Published: December 2023

This study discusses the utterance of an appeal for disposing garbage in the city of Padang. The problems studied are what are the modes, types of utterances, how do the speakers urge the interlocutors to dispose of the trash, and what are the factors that influence the utterances of the appeal for disposing the trash in the city of Padang. The aim is to explain the mode, type of speech, how the speaker urges the interlocutor to dispose of the trash, and what are the factors that influence the utterance of the appeal for disposing the trash in the city of Padang. This research is a qualitative research that is descriptive in nature by collecting data using the listening method and analyzing data using the matching method. The findings of this study indicate that the mode used is declarative mode, interrogative mode, and imperative mode. The types of speech used include direct literal speech acts, direct non-literal speech acts, literal indirect speech acts, and non-literal indirect speech acts. The way the speaker urges the interlocutor to throw garbage in the city of Padang is done by using imperative sentences, using imperative sentences, using imperative statements, using information formulas, using interrogative sentences, praying, forbidding, inviting, threatening, using negations, saying thank you. , and using statements. Influencing factors are speaker factors which include age, education, and gender, speech atmosphere factors which include formal and informal, and place of speech factors.
DESIGNING MICROLEARNING OBJECT MATERIAL OF ENGLISH READING MATERIAL FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Putra Harbi , Iskandar Ifan , Sumarni Sri
Published: December 2023

By providing students with brief and focused learning resources, microlearning has been touted as a potential means of fostering critical thinking in learners. To increase students' reading abilities at the fundamental grade 10 level according to the CEFR Level, the aim of this study is to give an overview of how critical thinking is incorporated in the use of microlearning material objects. The results are anticipated to be used as a guide by the corporate community, government, and academia in promoting, developing, and putting into practice microlearning in English reading. Two different sets of analysis were performed for this investigation. The author begins by reviewing the instructional materials of English Reading in light of the Kurikulum Merdeka. The author also looks at the stages of adopting microlearning in learning from a variety of sources. According to the results of the reviews on microlearning, there are various methods and forms of microlearning that may be utilized to create learning materials for reading. From a work-based learning standpoint, microlearning has been identified as a key topic in talent development. To assist people in learning on the correct road through accurate knowledge and ethical reasoning, policy makers, educators, researchers, and participants should look into strategies to encourage, generate, and apply microlearning.
ANALYSING THE TEACHER'S APPLICATION OF LINGUISTICS COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH LEARNING AND TEACHING
Authors: Rabbani Bariq Hammam , Sumarni Sri , Dewanti Ratna
Published: December 2023

In order to promote students' language development, teachers in lower and higher education must have a working grasp of English linguistics. This article used a video from the YouTube platform to analyze the teacher's Application of linguistics in an English learning and teaching situation. The researcher employed content analysis of qualitative research in this study. In order to explore how analysing the teacher’s understanding of linguistics in an English learning and teaching through YouTube platform, this study answers the following research question, by analysing the recorded video sessions from a YouTube, what linguistic aspect is used by the English teacher in the teaching Biography and Analytical Exposition? And how does the teacher used linguistic knowledge of the mostly found in linguistic aspect? One senior high school teacher was paired with 22 students in this YouTube video. The teacher was enrolled in 11 class at Senior high school that focused on Biography and Analytical Exposition. The goal of this study is to determine teacher understanding in order to investigate the benefits of this reflective activity on their linguistics knowledge.
FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS' RELUCTANCE TO SPEAK ENGLISH IN CLASSROOM INTERACTIONS
Authors: Giantari Khinanti , Kurniawan Eri , Suherdi Didi
Published: December 2023

EFL students have a big problem called reluctance. Reluctance is students’ unwillingness or disinclination to speak and participate in classroom activities. This research attempts to determine how much each of the three factors affects students’ reluctance to speak English in classroom interactions and which is the most dominant. A descriptive quantitative method was used in this research. A questionnaire was used to collect data. This research analysed the data using version 25 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, abbreviated as the SPSS program. The result showed that the weighted average of the proportions of the three factors was 2.66, 2.58, and 2.39, respectively, for psychological, language-related, and socio-cultural factors. It can be concluded that the psychological factor (lack of motivation) was the main factor that affected students’ reluctance to speak in English. Because of that, the students should maintain their high motivation to improve their speaking ability. Additionally, teachers should employ various strategies to create an engaging learning or activity environment that can motivate students.
PERSPECTIVE ON BARRIERS TO E-LEARNING: INSIGHT FROM INDONESIAN PARENTS
Authors: Ginting Pirman , Fahmi Muhammad Khoirul , Saragih Mandra , Piliang Muliana , Hasnah Yenni
Published: December 2023

The phenomenon of online learning has grown at a rapid pace over the years. Despite its benefits, online learning also comes with certain drawbacks, such as a shortage of access to reliable network connectivity, digital literacy, and socializing. The current study aims to explore the perceptions of parents regarding the challenges of distance learning faced by their children in Indonesia. Questionnaires via google forms and interviews were used to diagnose the parents’ responses to handicaps that existed during distance learning. The participants comprised 30 parents whose children joined online schooling. The findings revealed that parents experienced various kinds of obstacles in their efforts to help their children learn remotely such as (1) personal barriers (2) technical barriers (3) logistical barriers, and (4) financial barriers. The trend toward online learning is projected to continue and grow in the coming years with more dialogical, synchronic, pluralist, open, and accessible to various groups.
TEACHERS’ TALK IN TEACHING ENGLISH: ROLES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Ningsih Fitri Randia , Daulay Sholihatul Hamidah
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to identify the most common teachers' talk in EFL classrooms as well as the reasons that influenced their selection. This research focused on the teacher's perception of how the teacher talks with students in class and some of the challenges that teachers might face while interacting with students to encourage students in the learning process to take place. The participants of this research were 2 English teachers who received professional training in English teaching as part of the undergraduate program. They were English teachers at an integrated Islamic school in Medan. The observations were made to describe the teacher interview process data and also the learning carried out by the teacher to find insights about how the teacher talks and what challenges the teacher faced when interacting with students in class. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. The findings in this study were that the teacher applied more dominant English communication as input. Teachers felt that increasing the use of the target language will be more challenging because it is influenced by several aspects, such as the motivation, attitude, and skills of the teacher and students. In addition, when the teacher spoke it varies greatly on several levels based on the factors that influence the teacher and student. The results of this study also showed that most teacher conversations are used in the form of questions, then explaining the lesson, giving directions to students, and praising or encouraging students. Apart from that, because students are considered as learners or beginners, class interaction must be adjusted to the right and appropriate choice of language so that communication becomes easier and more effective. In addition, the analysis of teachers’ talk in the classroom would be beneficial for teachers to plan and conduct enhanced learning situations.
THE EFFECT OF USING POWTOON ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Perpisa Lili , Riza Armilia , Anggara Sanda
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of using Powtoon on students' reading comprehension. The subjects in this study were VIII grade students of SMPN 40 Padang, which consisted of two classes, namely VIII4, which amounted to 32 students as the experimental group, and VIII2, totaling 32 students as the control group. This is a quantitative study using the quasi-experiment method with a nonequivalent control group design. The experiment group received treatment using Powtoon, while the control group used PowerPoint. The test was utilized to gather data, and one paired sample test was used to analyze it. Meanwhile, the results of the hypothesis test state that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted based on the sig value.(2-tailed) on the posttest value of the experimental group and the posttest control group with a value of 0.035, which means less than 0.05 The results showed that Powtoon learning media had a significant effect on students' reading comprehension in eight-grade Students at SMPN 40 Padang.