bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Particle Size and Mass Loading of Hard Carbon on Sodium Ion Battery Rate Performance in Industrially Relevant Full Cells
Authors: Constable Christopher , Coowar Fazlil , Copley Mark , Kendrick Emma , Dancer Claire , Hasa Ivana
Published: February 2024

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) represent a great opportunity for stationary storage, back-up power supply and light electric vehicle applications. Energy and power requirements for these applications needs to be satisfied. Beside material improvement, electrode microstructure plays a critical role. Herein, the influence of hard carbon (HC) particle size and mass loading on the rate performance have been comprehensively investigated. This work analyses the relative contribution of ionic resistance within the porous electrode (Rion) in SIB full cells employing relevant mass loadings. Rion was obtained by applying electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to symmetrical cells and by fitting a transmission line model (TLM) under “blocking” conditions. The relative contribution of Rion arising from HC electrodes was further compared to the charge transfer resistance (RCT) in full cell configuration utilising a three-electrode cell under “non-blocking” conditions. Results illustrate mass loading to be as far more influential on cell rate performance compared to the two particle sizes analyzed. The three-electrode study reveals the contribution of Rion to be greater than that of RCT at high mass loadings and high states of charge for the HC electrode and elucidates that the gravimetric and volumetric discharge capacity of cells is limited by the layered oxide cathode and HC electrode respectively.
Qualitative Analysis of the Discretization of a Continuous Fractional Order Prey-Predator Model with the Effects of Harvesting and Immigration in the Population
Authors: Uddin Md. Jasim , Sohel Rana Sarker Md.
Published: February 2024

This study examines the discrete prey-predator model in the sense of Caputo fractional derivative by incorporating harvesting on the predator population and immigration on the prey population. We establish the topological categories of the model’s fixed points. We show analytically that a fractional order prey-predator model supports both a Neimark–Sacker (NS) bifurcation and a period-doubling (PD) bifurcation under specific parametric circumstances. Using the central manifold and bifurcation theory, we provide evidence for NS and PD bifurcations. It has been discovered that the parameter values and the initial conditions have a significant influence on the dynamical behavior of the fractional order prey-predator model. Furthermore, two chaos management strategies are applied to eliminate the chaos that objectively exists in the model. Finally, numerical simulations are used to demonstrate complicated and chaotic behavior in order to support our theoretical and analytical discussions.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Breast Cancer Polygenic-Risk Score Influence on Risk-Reducing Endocrine Therapy Use: Genetic Risk Estimate (GENRE) Trial 1-Year and 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Stan Daniela L. , Kim Julian O. , Schaid Daniel J. , Carlson Erin E. , Kim Christina A. , Sinnwell Jason P. , Couch Fergus J. , Vachon Celine M. , Cooke Andrew L. , Goldenberg Benjamin A. , Pruthi Sandhya
Published: February 2024

Supplemental Figure 1: The Study Schema Defines Information Collected During Each Patient Visit and at Each Follow-Up Time Point. Visit 1 consisted of a baseline breast cancer risk assessment (NCI-BCRAT and IBIS BC risk scores without PRS) and discussion of risk-reducing options, including ET, with a participating physician or nurse practitioner. During Visit 2, NCI-BCRAT and IBIS BC risk scores, with and without PRS, were presented and explained to participants, and ET risks, benefits, and potential adverse effects were discussed again. ET prescriptions were provided to those who wished to proceed. The participants completed the same survey as was completed after Visit 1. Follow-up assessments were performed 1 and 2 years after Visit 2 and evaluated QOL with the FACT-GP/ES questionnaire.
Supplemental Methods 1 from Acceptability of Personalized Lung Cancer Screening Program Among Primary Care Providers
Authors: Resong Paul J. , Niu Jiangong , Duhon Gabrielle F. , Foxhall Lewis E. , Shete Sanjay , Volk Robert J. , Toumazis Iakovos
Published: February 2024

Supplemental Methods 1: Survey
High-Fat Diet Induced PPARδ Promotes Self-renewal of Preleukemic Progenitors in Development of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Yamada Hiroshi Y. , Rao Chinthalapally V.
Published: February 2024

From risk association between acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and obese-overweight individuals, Mazzarella and colleagues hypothesized that a high-fat diet (HFD) promotes development of APL. Using mouse APL model (PML-RARα knock-in), the authors demonstrated that linoleic acid drives activation of PPARδ in hematopoietic progenitors, and that activation of PPARδ increases proliferation of progenitor cells with PML-RARA expression toward APL. Involvements of PPARδ on regulation of stem cell renewal and proliferation were shown in colorectal cancers earlier, but this study newly demonstrates in hematopoietic progenitors, while suggesting use of diet rich in linoleic acid with caution.

See related article by Mazzarella et al., p. 59
Supplementary Table 5 from RALDH1 Inhibition Shows Immunotherapeutic Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Cao Shuwen , Yang Shyh-Ming , Rai Ganesha , Martinez Natalia J. , Yasgar Adam , Zakharov Alexey V. , Simeonov Anton , Molina Arocho William A. , Lobel Graham P. , Mohei Hesham , Scott Alexis L. , Zhai Li , Furth Emma E. , Simon M. Celeste , Haldar Malay
Published: February 2024

Tissue pharmacokinetics and bio-distribution of C86 at two different does through the intraperitoneal route.
Supplementary Table 3 from RALDH1 Inhibition Shows Immunotherapeutic Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Cao Shuwen , Yang Shyh-Ming , Rai Ganesha , Martinez Natalia J. , Yasgar Adam , Zakharov Alexey V. , Simeonov Anton , Molina Arocho William A. , Lobel Graham P. , Mohei Hesham , Scott Alexis L. , Zhai Li , Furth Emma E. , Simon M. Celeste , Haldar Malay
Published: February 2024

Safetyscreen assay for C86 performed at eurofins.
Supplementary Table 2 from RALDH1 Inhibition Shows Immunotherapeutic Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Cao Shuwen , Yang Shyh-Ming , Rai Ganesha , Martinez Natalia J. , Yasgar Adam , Zakharov Alexey V. , Simeonov Anton , Molina Arocho William A. , Lobel Graham P. , Mohei Hesham , Scott Alexis L. , Zhai Li , Furth Emma E. , Simon M. Celeste , Haldar Malay
Published: February 2024

Table comparing various key pharmacokinetic parameters (Assay, left column) between C-91 and C-86.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals the Heterogeneity of the Immune Landscape of IDH–Wild-Type High-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Ran Xiaojuan , Zheng Jian , Chen Linchao , Xia Zhen , Wang Yin , Sun Chengfang , Guo Chen , Lin Peng , Liu Fuyi , Wang Chun , Zhou Jianguo , Sun Chongran , Liu Qichang , Ma Jianzhu , Qin Zhiyong , Zhu Xiangdong , Xie Qi
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 4
Supplementary Table 1 from RALDH1 Inhibition Shows Immunotherapeutic Efficacy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Cao Shuwen , Yang Shyh-Ming , Rai Ganesha , Martinez Natalia J. , Yasgar Adam , Zakharov Alexey V. , Simeonov Anton , Molina Arocho William A. , Lobel Graham P. , Mohei Hesham , Scott Alexis L. , Zhai Li , Furth Emma E. , Simon M. Celeste , Haldar Malay
Published: February 2024

List of key reagents
Figure S5 from M9657 Is a Bispecific Tumor-Targeted Anti-CD137 Agonist That Induces MSLN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity without Liver Inflammation
Authors: Xu Chunxiao , Zhou Xueyuan , Webb Lindsay , Yalavarthi Sireesha , Zheng Wenxin , Saha Somdutta , Schweickhardt Rene , Soloviev Maria , Jenkins Molly H. , Brandstetter Susanne , Belousova Natalya , Alimzhanov Marat , Rabinovich Brian , Deshpande Amit M. , Brewis Neil , Helming Laura
Published: February 2024

M9657 Promoted Dose Dependent IFNγ Release from PBMCs Co-culturing with MSLN expressing cell lines.
Supplementary table 5 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary table 5
Figure S4 from M9657 Is a Bispecific Tumor-Targeted Anti-CD137 Agonist That Induces MSLN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity without Liver Inflammation
Authors: Xu Chunxiao , Zhou Xueyuan , Webb Lindsay , Yalavarthi Sireesha , Zheng Wenxin , Saha Somdutta , Schweickhardt Rene , Soloviev Maria , Jenkins Molly H. , Brandstetter Susanne , Belousova Natalya , Alimzhanov Marat , Rabinovich Brian , Deshpande Amit M. , Brewis Neil , Helming Laura
Published: February 2024

M9657 does not enhance the CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity of target cells or cytokine release without Signal 1 TCR activation
Supplementary table 4 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary table 4
Figure S3 from M9657 Is a Bispecific Tumor-Targeted Anti-CD137 Agonist That Induces MSLN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity without Liver Inflammation
Authors: Xu Chunxiao , Zhou Xueyuan , Webb Lindsay , Yalavarthi Sireesha , Zheng Wenxin , Saha Somdutta , Schweickhardt Rene , Soloviev Maria , Jenkins Molly H. , Brandstetter Susanne , Belousova Natalya , Alimzhanov Marat , Rabinovich Brian , Deshpande Amit M. , Brewis Neil , Helming Laura
Published: February 2024

Anti-CD3×anti-EGFR BiTE titration in CD8+ T cells functional assay
Supplement figure 8 from Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 8. The schematic diagram of proposed mechanism.
Supplementary video 3 from Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages
Authors: Manara Maria Cristina , Manferdini Cristina , Cristalli Camilla , Carrabotta Marianna , Santi Spartaco , De Feo Alessandra , Caldoni Giulia , Pasello Michela , Landuzzi Lorena , Lollini Pier-Luigi , Salamanna Francesca , Dominici Sabrina , Fiori Valentina , Magnani Mauro , Lisignoli Gina , Scotlandi Katia
Published: February 2024

Video 3 0662
Supplementary Figure 3 from Immune Modulation of Innate and Adaptive Responses Restores Immune Surveillance and Establishes Antitumor Immunologic Memory
Authors: Alvero Ayesha B. , Fox Alexandra , Madina Bhaskara Reddy , Krady Marie M. , Gogoi Radhika , Chehade Hussein , Nakaar Valerian , Almassian Bijan , Yarovinsky Timur O. , Rutherford Thomas , Mor Gil
Published: February 2024

A. Diagram of CARG-2020 vector and GFP control vector; B. TKO mouse ovarian cancer cells were treated in vitro with PBS Control or 1x105 PFU/cell of CARG-2020 for 24h. IL12 mRNA was quantified by qPCR and secreted IL-12p40 and p70 protein were quantified using xMAP technology; C. Expression of IL-12 and IL-17R ECD were detected by western blot analysis in total cell lysate. D. Secretion of IL-17 RA-ECD was detected by western blot analysis in the supernatant of cells treated with CARG-2020. Control cells were treated with VLV-GFP vector. Representative images of 3 independent experiments.
E. Expression of PDL-1 following treatment with CARG-2020. Note the time dependent decrease on PDL-1 expression on cells treated with CARG-2020. Control=VLV-GFP. Representative imagesof 3 independent experiments.
Supplementary Figure 11 from Engagement of CD99 Activates Distinct Programs in Ewing Sarcoma and Macrophages
Authors: Manara Maria Cristina , Manferdini Cristina , Cristalli Camilla , Carrabotta Marianna , Santi Spartaco , De Feo Alessandra , Caldoni Giulia , Pasello Michela , Landuzzi Lorena , Lollini Pier-Luigi , Salamanna Francesca , Dominici Sabrina , Fiori Valentina , Magnani Mauro , Lisignoli Gina , Scotlandi Katia
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 11
Data from Lymph Node–Targeted Vaccine Boosting of TCR T-cell Therapy Enhances Antitumor Function and Eradicates Solid Tumors
Authors: Drakes Dylan J. , Abbas Abdulraouf M. , Shields Jacqueline , Steinbuck Martin P. , Jakubowski Aniela , Seenappa Lochana M. , Haqq Christopher M. , DeMuth Peter C.
Published: February 2024

Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)–modified T-cell therapies have shown promise against solid tumors, but overall therapeutic benefits have been modest due in part to suboptimal T-cell persistence and activation in vivo, alongside potential tumor antigen escape. In this study, we demonstrate an approach to enhance the in vivo persistence and function of TCR T cells through combination with Amphiphile (AMP) vaccination including cognate TCR T peptides. AMP modification improves lymph node targeting of conjugated tumor immunogens and adjuvants, thereby coordinating a robust T cell–activating endogenous immune response. AMP vaccine combination with TCR T-cell therapy led to complete eradication and durable responses against established murine solid tumors refractory to TCR T-cell monotherapy. Enhanced antitumor efficacy was correlated with simultaneous in vivo invigoration of adoptively transferred TCR T cells and in situ expansion of the endogenous antitumor T-cell repertoire. Long-term protection against tumor recurrence in AMP-vaccinated mice was associated with antigen spreading to additional tumor-associated antigens not targeted by vaccination. AMP vaccination further correlated with pro-inflammatory lymph node transcriptional reprogramming and increased antigen presenting–cell maturation, resulting in TCR T-cell expansion and functional enhancement in lymph nodes and solid tumor parenchyma without lymphodepletion. In vitro evaluation of AMP peptides with matched human TCR T cells targeting NY-ESO-1, mutant KRAS, and HPV16 E7 illustrated the clinical potential of AMP vaccination to enhance human TCR T-cell proliferation, activation, and antitumor activity. Taken together, these studies provide rationale and evidence to support clinical evaluation of combining AMP vaccination with TCR T-cell therapies to augment antitumor activity.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Aberrant Upregulation of RUNX3 Activates Developmental Genes to Drive Metastasis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Suda Kazuto , Okabe Atsushi , Matsuo Junichi , Chuang Linda Shyue Huey , Li Ying , Jangphattananont Nawaphat , Mon Naing Naing , Myint Khine Nyein , Yamamura Akihiro , So Jimmy Bok-Yan , Voon Dominic Chih-Cheng , Yang Henry , Yeoh Khay Guan , Kaneda Atsushi , Ito Yoshiaki
Published: February 2024

RUNX3 expression is higher in liver metastasis than in the primary tumor in splenic inoculation model A, RT-qPCR indicates relative RUNX3 expression obtained from tumors in spleen and liver metastasis after inoculation of HGC-27 control cells; **, P < 0.01 by a two-tailed Student t test. B, representative images of immunofluorescence study to compare RUNX3 expression obtained from tumors in spleen and liver metastasis after inoculation of HGC-27 control cells. Imaging for tumors of the spleen by RUNX3 KO cells is also shown as a negative control. Scale bar: 20 μm. C, quantitative analysis by image-J for fluorescence level of RUNX3 in spleen and liver metastasis after inoculation of HGC-27 control cells; **, P < 0.01 by a two-tailed Student t test.
Data from Aberrant Upregulation of RUNX3 Activates Developmental Genes to Drive Metastasis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Suda Kazuto , Okabe Atsushi , Matsuo Junichi , Chuang Linda Shyue Huey , Li Ying , Jangphattananont Nawaphat , Mon Naing Naing , Myint Khine Nyein , Yamamura Akihiro , So Jimmy Bok-Yan , Voon Dominic Chih-Cheng , Yang Henry , Yeoh Khay Guan , Kaneda Atsushi , Ito Yoshiaki
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Gastric cancer metastasis is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Inhibition of RUNX3 in gastric cancer cell lines reduced migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. Following splenic inoculation, CRISPR-mediated RUNX3-knockout HGC-27 cells show suppression of xenograft growth and liver metastasis. We interrogated the potential of RUNX3 as a metastasis driver in gastric cancer by profiling its target genes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed strong involvement of RUNX3 in the regulation of multiple developmental pathways, consistent with the notion that Runt domain transcription factor (RUNX) family genes are master regulators of development. RUNX3 promoted “cell migration” and “extracellular matrix” programs, which are necessary for metastasis. Of note, we found pro-metastatic genes WNT5A, CD44, and VIM among the top differentially expressed genes in RUNX3 knockout versus control cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and HiChIP analyses revealed that RUNX3 bound to the enhancers and promoters of these genes, suggesting that they are under direct transcriptional control by RUNX3. We show that RUNX3 promoted metastasis in part through its upregulation of WNT5A to promote migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth in various malignancies. Our study therefore reveals the RUNX3-WNT5A axis as a key targetable mechanism for gastric cancer metastasis.
Significance:
Subversion of RUNX3 developmental gene targets to metastasis program indicates the oncogenic nature of inappropriate RUNX3 regulation in gastric cancer.
Summer Russian Heat Waves Linked to Arctic Sea Ice Anomalies in 2010 and 2016
Authors: Zhang Xuanwen , Wu Bingyi , Ding Shuoyi
Published: February 2024

This study investigates dominant features of the atmospheric circulation evolution associated with extreme heat waves (HWs) in Russia during the summers of 2010 and 2016, respectively, and their possible association with Arctic sea ice loss. Results show that a region of Russia (20°–70°E, 45°–65°N) experienced a lasting 44-day HW event from 4 July to 16 August 2010 and a 26-day HW event from 2 to 27 August 2016. The associated atmospheric circulation anomalies are characterized by the summer Arctic cold anomaly in the mid- to low troposphere and an anticyclonic circulation anomaly over the Ural Mountains. Simulation experiments forced by summer Arctic sea ice anomalies reproduce the major characteristics of observational associations. Observations and numerical simulations indicate that summer Arctic sea ice anomaly is conducive to the formation of the summer Arctic cold anomaly, which is often accompanied by the enhanced baroclinicity in most of the Arctic troposphere and increased and decreased meridional temperature gradient in the high and midlatitudes, respectively. Such a configuration strengthens westerly winds over most of the Arctic and weakens zonal westerly over the southern Ural Mountains. This anomalous zonal wind pattern establishes the background conditions for the sustained positive geopotential height anomaly in the mid- to low troposphere that dynamically facilitates the prevalence of Russian HW events. Moreover, when compared with 2016, the weaker meridional potential vorticity gradient anomaly in the summer of 2010 prolonged the persistence of Ural blocking, which may lead to longer HW events in Russia.
Photographic ways of seeing: corporeal defamiliarizations within the mirror medium
Authors: Wei Lin
Published: February 2024

This visual essay investigates two photographic techniques to challenge pre-existing notions of the human body that are derived from people’s locally consistent set of beliefs about bodily proportions, shapes and functions. These techniques centre around the mirror as the medium to investigate peculiar visual representations that take aim at normative concepts of what constitutes the human. The essay includes selective images of defamiliarized bodies that the author has photographed within a studio environment and that are applied within the Freudian context of the Uncanny to convey how humans seek familiarity, which is inherited through lived experience as a form of solace in the face of unfamiliarity. The mirror, with its paradoxical nature as a device of reflection, captures both the reality and its representation in a single image, or of presence and absence, allowing for the defamiliarization of the body. The essay provides an explanation of how this is achieved, demonstrating the mirror’s potential to expand visual representation beyond the limitations of the body itself.
Technology Revolution along with Sustainability—A Pathway for Growth
Authors: Deepana P. , Vani U.
Published: February 2024

Examining an industry’s technological upgradation is unexpected and unavoidable. The subsequent technical innovation is driven by the expectations and wants of the consumer for each product. History shows that switching from one technology revolution to another usually takes longer than the current trend. The industrial sector is currently faced with several risks, and it will take some time for management and staff to become used to new technology. This article presents the characteristics of both Industrial 4.O and Industrial 5.O and sustainability by using secondary data from various sources like journals, website, etc. The world has framed Sustainable Development Goals to know their pathway toward the sustainability of all living organisms and monitor their activities which will boost the countries to travel on a sustainable path and this article provides the keynotes about the goals. This article concludes that innovation in any domain should consider sustainability as the main theme.
Current and upcoming treatment approaches to common subtypes of PTCL (PTCL, NOS; ALCL; and TFHs)
Authors: Moskowitz Alison J. , Stuver Robert N. , Horwitz Steven M.
Published: February 2024

The treatment of common nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), including PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS), anaplastic large-cell lymphomas, and T-follicular helper lymphomas, is evolving. These entities are currently treated similarly with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide, and prednisone (CHOEP) for CD30-negative diseases, or brentuximab vedotin plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (CHP) for CD30-positive diseases, followed by consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation in the first remission. Ongoing improvements in PTCL classification, identification of predictive biomarkers, and development of new targeted agents will lead to more specific therapies that address the unique biologic and clinical properties of each entity. For example, widespread efforts focused on molecular profiling of PTCL, NOS is likely to identify distinct subtypes that warrant different treatment approaches. New agents, such as EZH1/2 and JAK/STAT pathway inhibitors, have broadened treatment options for relapsed or refractory diseases. Furthermore, promising strategies for optimizing immune therapy for PTCL are currently under investigation and have the potential to significantly alter the therapeutic landscape. Ongoing frontline study designs incorporate an understanding of disease biology and drug sensitivities and are poised to evaluate whether newer-targeted agents should be incorporated into frontline settings for various disease entities. Although current treatment strategies lump most disease entities together, future treatments will include distinct strategies for each disease subtype that optimize therapy for individuals. This movement toward individualized therapy will ultimately lead to dramatic improvements in the prognosis of patients with PTCL.
Evolution and function analysis of auxin response factors reveal the molecular basis of the developed root system of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum
Authors: Xing Ying , Liu Chunli , Zheng Chuan , Li Hong , Yin Hongju
Published: February 2024

Background

As a xerophytic shrub, forming developed root system dominated with lateral roots is one of the effective strategies for Zygophyllum xanthoxylum to adapt to desert habitat. However, the molecular mechanism of lateral root formation in Z. xanthoxylum is still unclear. Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a master family of transcription factors (TFs) in auxin-mediated biological processes including root growth and development.

Results

Here, to determine the relationship between ARFs and root system formation in Z. xanthoxylum, a total of 30 potential ZxARF genes were first identified, and their classifications, evolutionary relationships, duplication events and conserved domains were characterized. 107 ARF protein sequences from alga to higher plant species including Z. xanthoxylum are split into A, B, and C 3 Clades, consisting with previous studies. The comparative analysis of ARFs between xerophytes and mesophytes showed that A-ARFs of xerophytes expanded considerably more than that of mesophytes. Furthermore, in this Clade, ZxARF5b and ZxARF8b have lost the important B3 DNA-binding domain partly and completely, suggesting both two proteins may be more functional in activating transcription by dimerization with AUX/IAA repressors. qRT-PCR results showed that all A-ZxARFs are high expressed in the roots of Z. xanthoxylum, and they were significantly induced by drought stress. Among these A-ZxARFs, the over-expression assay showed that ZxARF7c and ZxARF7d play positive roles in lateral root formation.

Conclusion

This study provided the first comprehensive overview of ZxARFs and highlighted the importance of A-ZxARFs in the lateral root development.
Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance of endemic healthcare-associated infections in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bunduki Gabriel Kambale , Masoamphambe Effita , Fox Tilly , Musaya Janelisa , Musicha Patrick , Feasey Nicholas
Published: February 2024

Background

Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) place a significant burden on healthcare systems globally. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and aetiologic agents of endemic HCAI in Africa.

Methods

MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, and Global Health databases (EBSCOhost interface) were searched for studies published in English and French describing HCAI in Africa from 2010 to 2022. We extracted data on prevalence of HCAI, risk factors, aetiologic agents, and associated antimicrobial resistance patterns. We used random-effects models to estimate parameter values with 95% confidence intervals for risk factors associated with HCAI. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022374559) and followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

Results

Of 2541 records screened, 92 were included, comprising data from 81,968 patients. Prevalence of HCAI varied between 1.6 and 90.2% with a median of 15% across studies. Heterogeneity (I2) varied from 93 to 99%. Contaminated wound (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.31–2.19), long hospital stay (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 0.92–1.80), urinary catheter (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 0.35–2.78), intubation and ventilation (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 0.85–2.22), vascular catheters (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.52–2.45) were among risk factors associated with HCAI. Bacteria reported from included studies comprised 6463 isolates, with E. coli (18.3%, n = 1182), S. aureus (17.3%, n = 1118), Klebsiella spp. (17.2%, n = 1115), Pseudomonas spp. (10.3%, n = 671), and Acinetobacter spp. (6.8%, n = 438) being most common. Resistance to multiple antibiotics was common; 70.3% (IQR: 50–100) of Enterobacterales were 3rd -generation cephalosporin resistant, 70.5% (IQR: 58.8–80.3) of S. aureus were methicillin resistant and 55% (IQR: 27.3–81.3) Pseudomonas spp. were resistant to all agents tested.

Conclusions

HCAI is a greater problem in Africa than other regions, however, there remains a paucity of data to guide local action. There is a clear need to develop and validate sustainable HCAI definitions in Africa to support the implementation of routine HCAI surveillance and inform implementation of context appropriate infection prevention and control strategies.
Magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics was used to evaluate the level of prognosis-related immune cell infiltration in breast cancer tumor microenvironment
Authors: Qian Hua , Ren Xiaojing , Xu Maosheng , Fang Zhen , Zhang Ruixin , Bu Yangyang , Zhou Changyu
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The tumor immune microenvironment is a valuable source of information for predicting prognosis in breast cancer (BRCA) patients. To identify immune cells associated with BRCA patient prognosis from the Cancer Genetic Atlas (TCGA), we established an MRI-based radiomics model for evaluating the degree of immune cell infiltration in breast cancer patients.

Methods

CIBERSORT was utilized to evaluate the degree of infiltration of 22 immune cell types in breast cancer patients from the TCGA database, and both univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were employed to determine the prognostic significance of immune cell infiltration levels in BRCA patients. We identified independent prognostic factors for BRCA patients. Additionally, we obtained imaging features from the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database for 73 patients who underwent preoperative MRI procedures, and used the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to select the best imaging features for constructing an MRI-based radiomics model for evaluating immune cell infiltration levels in breast cancer patients.

Results

According to the results of Cox regression analysis, M2 macrophages were identified as an independent prognostic factor for BRCA patients (HR = 32.288, 95% CI: 3.100–357.478). A total of nine significant features were selected to calculate the radiomics-based score. We established an intratumoral model with AUCs (95% CI) of 0.662 (0.495–0.802) and 0.678 (0.438–0.901) in the training and testing cohorts, respectively. Additionally, a peritumoral model was created with AUCs (95% CI) of 0.826 (0.710–0.924) and 0.752 (0.525–0.957), and a combined model was established with AUCs (95% CI) of 0.843 (0.723–0.938) and 0.744 (0.491–0.965). The peritumoral model demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficacy, with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.773, 0.727, and 0.818, respectively, in its testing cohort.

Conclusion

The MRI-based radiomics model has the potential to evaluate the degree of immune cell infiltration in breast cancer patients, offering a non-invasive imaging biomarker for assessing the tumor microenvironment in this disease.
Neurodevelopmental outcomes after prenatal exposure to lamotrigine monotherapy in women with epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peron Audrey , Picot Cyndie , Jurek Lucie , Nourredine Mikaïl , Ripoche Emmanuelle , Ajiji Priscilla , Cucherat Michel , Cottin Judith
Published: February 2024

Background

Lamotrigine has become one of the most commonly prescribed antiseizure medications (ASM) in epileptic women during pregnancy and therefore requires regular updates regarding its safety. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between in utero exposure to lamotrigine monotherapy and the occurrence of neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Methods

All comparative studies assessing the occurrence of neurodevelopmental outcomes after epilepsy-indicated lamotrigine monotherapy exposure during pregnancy were searched. First, references were identified through a snowballing approach, then, through electronic databases (Medline and Embase) from 2015 to June 2022. One investigator evaluated study eligibility and extracted data and a second independent investigator reviewed the meta-analysis (MA). A systematic review and random-effects model approach were performed using a collaborative WEB-based meta-analysis platform (metaPreg.org) with a registered protocol (osf.io/u4gva).

Results

Overall, 18 studies were included. For outcomes reported by at least 4 studies, the pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence interval obtained with the number of exposed (N1) and unexposed children (N0) included were: neurodevelopmental disorders as a whole 0.84 [0.66;1.06] (N1 = 5,271; N0 = 22,230); language disorders or delay 1.16 [0.67;2.00] (N1 = 313; N0 = 506); diagnosis or risk of ASD 0.97 [0.61;1.53] (N1 = at least 5,262; N0 = 33,313); diagnosis or risk of ADHD 1.14 [0.75;1.72] (N1 = at least 113; N0 = 11,530) and psychomotor developmental disorders or delay 2.68 [1.29–5.56] (N1 = 163; N0 = 220). The MA of cognitive outcomes included less than 4 studies and retrieved a significant association for infants exposed to lamotrigine younger than 3 years old but not in the older age groups.

Conclusion

Prenatal exposure to lamotrigine monotherapy is not found to be statistically associated with neurodevelopmental disorders as a whole, language disorders or delay, diagnosis or risk of ASD and diagnosis or risk of ADHD. However, the MA found an increased risk of psychomotor developmental disorders or delay and cognitive developmental delay in less than 3 years old children. Nevertheless, these findings were based exclusively on observational studies presenting biases and on a limited number of included children. More studies should assess neurodevelopmental outcomes in children prenatally exposed to lamotrigine.
Hypoxia-induced miR-181a-5p up-regulation reduces epirubicin sensitivity in breast cancer cells through inhibiting EPDR1/TRPC1 to activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Yunwei , Guan Yunping , Zheng Xinyu , Li Chenyang
Published: February 2024

Breast carcinoma (BC) ranks as a predominant malignancy and constitutes the second principal cause of mortality among women globally. Epirubicin stands as the drug of choice for BC therapeutics. Nevertheless, the emergence of chemoresistance has significantly curtailed its therapeutic efficacy. The resistance mechanisms to Epirubicin remain not entirely elucidated, yet they are conjectured to stem from diminished tumor vascular perfusion and resultant hypoxia consequent to Epirubicin administration. In our investigation, we meticulously scrutinized the Gene Expression Omnibus database for EPDR1, a gene implicated in hypoxia and Epirubicin resistance in BC. Subsequently, we delineated the impact of EPDR1 on cellular proliferation, motility, invasive capabilities, and interstitial-related proteins in BC cells, employing methodologies such as the CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, and western blot analysis. Our research further unveiled that hypoxia-induced miR-181a-5p orchestrates the regulation of BC cell duplication, migration, invasion, and interstitial-related protein expression via modulation of EPDR1. In addition, we identified TRPC1, a gene associated with EPDR1 expression in BC, and substantiated that EPDR1 influences BC cellular dynamics through TRPC1-mediated modulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade. Our findings underscore the pivotal role of EPDR1 in the development of BC. EPDR1 was found to be expressed at subdued levels in BC tissues, Epirubicin-resistant BC cells, and hypoxic BC cells. The overexpression of EPDR1 curtailed BC cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness, and the expression of interstitial-related proteins. At a mechanistic level, the overexpression of hypoxia-induced miR-181a-5p was observed to inhibit the EPDR1/TRPC1 axis, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and diminishing the sensitivity to Epirubicin in BC cells. In summation, our study demonstrates that the augmentation of hypoxia-induced miR-181a-5p diminishes Epirubicin sensitivity in BC cells by attenuating EPDR1/TRPC1 expression, thereby invigorating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This exposition offers a theoretical foundation for the application of Epirubicin in BC therapy, marking a significant contribution to the existing body of oncological literature.
Changes in optical coherence tomography biomarkers in eyes with advanced idiopathic epiretinal membrane treated with dexamethasone implantation
Authors: Nie Zetong , Li Wenbo , Duan Naxin , Wei Jiaoting , Zhang Xiang , Guo Haoxin , Bai Siqiong , Li Xiaorong , Hu Bojie
Published: February 2024

Purpose

To investigate the effects of vitrectomy and intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implantation on retinal biomarkers in patients with advanced idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM) and to evaluate this treatment’s anatomical and functional outcomes.

Methods

This retrospective study included 41 patients with advanced IERM who underwent vitrectomy and were divided into a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) group (20 eyes) and a dexamethasone (DEX) group (21 eyes) based on intravitreal DEX implantation. We collected data on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL), subretinal fluid, intraretinal cystoid changes (IRC), integrity of the inner-outer segment layer, and intraocular pressure.

Results

BCVA improved significantly in both groups; the DEX group had a higher visual acuity gain at 1 and 6 months (P = 0.002 and 0.023, respectively). Postoperative CMT gradually decreased in both groups, with the DEX group showing a greater decrease at 1 and 6 months (P = 0.009 and 0.033, respectively). Six months after surgery, the DRIL and IRC grades in the DEX group were significantly improved compared to those in the PPV group (P = 0.037 and 0.038, respectively). Multivariate regression analyses revealed that patients with intraoperative DEX implants were more likely to have a significant CMT reduction (≥ 100 μm) from baseline (odds ratio (OR), 9.44; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.58–56.56; P = 0.014) at 6 months and less likely to exhibit DRIL at 6 months postoperatively (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01–0.68; P = 0.021).

Conclusion

Vitrectomy combined with intravitreal DEX implantation facilitates the recovery of postoperative visual acuity and improvement of anatomical outcomes in patients with advanced IERM, effectively reducing CMT and improving DRIL.
Effectiveness of Back care education Programme among school children: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Anyachukwu Canice Chukwudi , Amarah Confidence Chinemerem , Atueyi Blessing Chiagozikam , Anthony Ifeanyi , Nweke Martins , Abaraogu Ukachukwu
Published: February 2024

Study design

Systematic review of Randomised controlled trials.

Objectives

With the increasing incidence of back pain among children and its untold implications to their future, back education tailored in an effective way would be indicated. However literature appears unsettled. This study aims to review available literature to determine the effect of school-based back education in preventing and managing low back pain in school children.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials carried out on elementary and secondary school children of ages 6 to 18 years and published in English language were included. Back education taught in hospitals or other settings were excluded. Primary outcome was back pain prevalence and secondary outcomes were constituted from the study characteristics of selected studies which includes: back behavior, knowledge, postural habits, physical activity, fear-avoidance beliefs, back pack carriage, pain intensity, skills and self efficacy. Databases searched were PEDro, HINARI, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Available stiudies from 2000 to March 2022 were retrieved. Quality of studies were assessed using the PEDro scale. Obtained studies were descriptively analyzed.

Results

A total 8420 studies were retrieved and 8 studies (with 1239 participants) were included in this review. Four studies each assessed back knowledge and back behavior, and two assessed back pain prevalence. There were improvements in back knowledge and back behaviour, but effectiveness of back care education on back pain prevalence was not conclusive.

Forms of education used involved the indirect method of conditioning the environment and the direct method which made use of theory, practical lessons and educational books and materials.

Conclusion

Back care education programmes in schools are effective in improving back care knowledge, behavior and reduction in low back pain frequency. Reduction in back pain prevalence is not conclusive. Back care education could be incorporated as part of schools’ education programmes. Limitations include exclusion of non English language studies and inconsistent outcome measures.

Funding source

None.

Registration

This review protocol was registered under the International platform of Registered systematic review and meta-analysis protocol (INPLASY) with the registration number; INPLASY202310044 and DOI number; https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0044
Exploring fathers’ experiences of caring for a child with complex care needs through ethnography and arts-based methodologies
Authors: Woodgate Roberta L. , Gonzalez Miriam , Ripat Jacquie D. , Edwards Marie , Rempel Gina
Published: February 2024

Background

Although the number of children living with complex care needs (CCN) is increasing worldwide, there is limited data on the experience of fathers caring for children with CCN. This paper reports on findings specific to fathers’ experiences of caring for their child with CCN and highlights recommendations provided for parents of children with CCN, service providers, and policymakers. The findings emerged from a larger study designed to examine how Canadian families of children with CCN participate in society.

Methods

We used the qualitative research approach of ethnography and arts-based methodologies (ecomaps and photovoice) as well as purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Four parents were engaged as advisors and twenty-nine fathers participated in interviews (all were married or in a relationship; age range of 28 to 55 years). In line with an ethnographic approach, data analysis involved several iterative steps including comparing data from the first, second, and third set of interviews and refining themes.

Results

One overarching theme, striving to be there for the child with CCN, was identified. Five supporting themes further exemplified how fathers strived to be there for their child: 1) contributing to the parental team through various roles; 2) building accessibility through adaptation; 3) engaging in activities with the child; 4) expressing admiration and pride in their children; and 5) meaning making. Recommendations for parents included making and nurturing connections and asking for help while recommendations for healthcare and social service providers included communicating authentically with families and listening to parents. Fathers also indicated that leadership and funding for programs of families of children with CCN should be priorities for policymakers.

Conclusions

In addition to documenting fathers’ active involvement in their child’s care and development, our findings provide new insights into how fathers make participation in everyday life accessible and inclusive for their children. Study findings also point to 1) priority areas for policymakers (e.g., accessible physical environments); 2) factors that are critical for fostering collaborative care teams with fathers; and 3) the need for complex care teams in the adult health care system. Implications for those providing psychosocial support for these families are noted as well as knowledge gaps worthy of future exploration such as the role of diversity or intersectionality in fathering children with CCN.
Women in acute forensic psychiatric care: comparison of clinical, sociodemographic, and detention-related characteristics in pretrial detention, sentence execution, and court-ordered treatment
Authors: D’Orta Isabella , Weber Kerstin , Herrmann François R. , Giannakopoulos Panteleimon
Published: February 2024

Compared to men inmates, women display decreased prevalence of severe mental disorder but increased occurrence of substance use disorders (SUD) and higher rates of previous contacts with mental health services. The group of women in detention is highly heterogeneous according to the status of incarceration (pre-trial detention (PTD), sentence execution (SE) and court ordered treatments (COT)). Studies focusing on the comparison of sociodemographic patterns, detention-related and clinical variables between these groups are still lacking. We explored these parameters in 136 women admitted for acute psychiatric care in the sole Geneva forensic unit during a nine year period (2014–2023). Sociodemographic and detention-related data included age, nationality, marital status, presence of children, education attainment, most frequently speaking language, social support, employment before conviction and type of offenses. Clinical variables included the main ICD-10 diagnosis, presence of concomitant SUD, type of personality disorders, presence of suicidal thoughts and attempts at admission, as well as number and mean duration of stays. PTD and SE women had at least 9 years of formal education in 38.9% and 30.3% of cases. Most women in PTD (77.7%), SE (56.6%) and COT (56.2%) groups were Swiss or European citizens. The level of French knowledge was excellent in most of the cases. 43.8% of COT women had at least one child and this percentage is even higher for PTD and SE cases. The employment rate before conviction was also quite high, mainly for PTD and SE (61.1% and 60.6%) and, in a lesser degree, for COT (43.8%) women. Significant social support was present in the vast majority of women without any significant group difference. The distribution of type of offenses did not differ between the three types of detention with a predominance of physical violence, and drug trafficking. The number of stays during the period of reference was significantly higher in COT compared to both SE and PTD women. History of previous inpatient care was also significantly more frequent in COT that SE and PTD women. Adjustment and affective disorders were more often found in SE and PTD cases, these diagnoses were absent in the COT group. In contrast, a main diagnosis of psychotic disorders was found in 62.5% of COT cases compared to only 21.2% in SE and 24.1% in PTD cases. The number of stays, history of inpatient care and diagnosis of psychosis were independent predictors of COT status. In conclusion, the present data reveal the good social integration and emotional support of women needing acute psychiatric care in prison independently of the type of detention. Clinically, women in PTD and SE display more often emotional distress whereas those in COT suffer from acute psychotic symptoms with previous history of psychiatric care and multiple inpatient stays.
Performance of oxygenation indices and risk scores to predict invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality in COVID-19
Authors: Bastidas-Goyes Alirio R. , Tuta-Quintero Eduardo , Aguilar Maria F. , Mora Angélica V. , Aponte Hermencia C. , Villamizar Jesus M. , Galeano Susana , Mejia Paola , Muñoz Maria , Paredes Sara , Pumarejo Doris , Barragan Maria Del Mar
Published: February 2024

Background

Information on the performance of oxygenation indices (OIs) and risk scores in patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is limited. We determine the performance of the OIs and risk scores in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 to predict the requirement of IMV and death at 28 days after admission.

Methods

A retrospective study of diagnostic tests in patients admitted to the emergency department, hospitalization, and intensive care unit diagnosed with COVID-19. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-curve) were built with the OIs and risk scores to predict IMV and mortality.

Results

A total of 1402 subjects entered the final analysis, of whom 19.5% (274/1402) received IMV and 23.0% (323/1402) died at 28 days. The ROC-curve of the delta PaO2/FiO2 ratio for the requirement of IMV and mortality at 28-day was 0.589 (95% CI: 0.546–0.632) and 0.567 (95% CI: 0.526–0.608), respectively. PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 shows a ROC curve of 0.669 (95% CI: 0.628–0.711) to predict IMV. PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 and 4 C mortality score in mortality at 28 days showed an ROC-curve of 0.624 (95% CI: 0.582–0.667) and 0.706 (95% CI: 0.669–0.742), respectively.

Conclusion

PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300, 4 C mortality score ≥ 8, SOFA score ≥ 4 y SaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 were weak predictors of the IMV requirement from admission, and 4 C mortality score ≥ 8 was weak predictors of the mortality from admission in patients with pulmonary involvement by COVID-19.