bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usability of Health Care Price Transparency Data in the United States: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Maleki Negar , Padmanabhan Balaji , Dutta Kaushik
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Increasing health care expenditure in the United States has put policy makers under enormous pressure to find ways to curtail costs. Starting January 1, 2021, hospitals operating in the United States were mandated to publish transparent, accessible pricing information online about the items and services in a consumer-friendly format within comprehensive machine-readable files on their websites.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to analyze the available files on hospitals’ websites, answering the question—is price transparency (PT) information as provided usable for patients or for machines?—and to provide a solution.

METHODS

We analyzed 39 main hospitals in Florida that have published machine-readable files on their website, including commercial carriers. We created an Excel (Microsoft) file that included those 39 hospitals along with the 4 most popular services—Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) 45380, 29827, and 70553 and Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) 807—for the 4 most popular commercial carriers (Health Maintenance Organization [HMO] or Preferred Provider Organization [PPO] plans)—Aetna, Florida Blue, Cigna, and UnitedHealthcare. We conducted an A/B test using 67 MTurkers (randomly selected from US residents), investigating the level of awareness about PT legislation and the usability of available files. We also suggested format standardization, such as master field names using schema integration, to make machine-readable files consistent and usable for machines.

RESULTS

The poor usability and inconsistent formats of the current PT information yielded no evidence of its usefulness for patients or its quality for machines. This indicates that the information does not meet the requirements for being consumer-friendly or machine readable as mandated by legislation. Based on the responses to the first part of the experiment (PT awareness), it was evident that participants need to be made aware of the PT legislation. However, they believe it is important to know the service price before receiving it. Based on the responses to the second part of the experiment (human usability of PT information), the average number of correct responses was not equal between the 2 groups, that is, the treatment group (mean 1.23, SD 1.30) found more correct answers than the control group (mean 2.76, SD 0.58; t65=6.46; P<.001; d=1.52).

CONCLUSIONS

Consistent machine-readable files across all health systems facilitate the development of tools for estimating customer out-of-pocket costs, aligning with the PT rule’s main objective—providing patients with valuable information and reducing health care expenditures.
Prospective Spatiotemporal Cluster Detection Using SaTScan: Tutorial for Designing and Fine-Tuning a System to Detect Reportable Communicable Disease Outbreaks (Preprint)
Authors: Levin-Rector Alison , Kulldorff Martin , Peterson Eric R , Hostovich Scott , Greene Sharon K
Published: July 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Staff at public health departments have few training materials to learn how to design and fine-tune systems to quickly detect acute, localized, community-acquired outbreaks of infectious diseases. Since 2014, the Bureau of Communicable Disease at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene has analyzed reportable communicable diseases daily using SaTScan. SaTScan is a free software that analyzes data using scan statistics, which can detect increasing disease activity without a priori specification of temporal period, geographic location, or size. The Bureau of Communicable Disease’s systems have quickly detected outbreaks of salmonellosis, legionellosis, shigellosis, and COVID-19. This tutorial details system design considerations, including geographic and temporal data aggregation, study period length, inclusion criteria, whether to account for population size, network location file setup to account for natural boundaries, probability model (eg, space-time permutation), day-of-week effects, minimum and maximum spatial and temporal cluster sizes, secondary cluster reporting criteria, signaling criteria, and distinguishing new clusters versus ongoing clusters with additional events. We illustrate how to support health equity by minimizing analytic exclusions of patients with reportable diseases (eg, persons experiencing homelessness who are unsheltered) and accounting for purely spatial patterns, such as adjusting nonparametrically for areas with lower access to care and testing for reportable diseases. We describe how to fine-tune the system when the detected clusters are too large to be of interest or when signals of clusters are delayed, missed, too numerous, or false. We demonstrate low-code techniques for automating analyses and interpreting results through built-in features on the user interface (eg, patient line lists, temporal graphs, and dynamic maps), which became newly available with the July 2022 release of SaTScan version 10.1. This tutorial is the first comprehensive resource for health department staff to design and maintain a reportable communicable disease outbreak detection system using SaTScan to catalyze field investigations as well as develop intuition for interpreting results and fine-tuning the system. While our practical experience is limited to monitoring certain reportable diseases in a dense, urban area, we believe that most recommendations are generalizable to other jurisdictions in the United States and internationally. Additional analytic technical support for detecting outbreaks would benefit state, tribal, local, and territorial public health departments and the populations they serve.
Effects of Sodium Chloride and Sodium Sulphate Solutions on the Output of the Electrochemical Machining
Authors: Qasim Heba saad , Aghdeab Shukry H.
Published: July 2023

Electrochemical Machining is a term given to one of nontraditional machining that uses a chemical reaction associated with electric current to remove the material. The process is depending on the principle of anodic dissolution theory for evaluating material removal during electrochemical process. In this study, the electrochemical machining was used to remove 1 mm from the length of the a workpiece (stainless steel 316 H) by immersing it in to electrolyte (10, 20 and 30 g) of NaCl and Na2SO4 to every (1 litter of filtered water).  The tool used was made from copper. Gap size between the workpiece and electrode is (0.5) mm. This study focuses on the effect of the changing the type and concentration of electrolyte solution, the effect of the value of current (2, 5 and 10) A and the effect of the value of the voltage (6, 12 and 20)V on the Surface Roughness (Ra) and Material Removal Rate (MRR) of the workpiece. The results of comparison of experimental showed that (Na2SO4) solution give surface roughness less than (NaCl) solution in all levels, maximum (Ra) is (0.658) and minimum (0.420), while (NaCl) solution give maximum (Ra) is (2.913) and minimum is (0.508), also give (MRR) higher from (NaCl) solution in level (30 g/l ) at (5 A) , (10 and 20 g/l) at (10 A) ,and (30)g/l at (6 &12 V). This study aims to compare the effect of using different electrolyte solution including sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) on the surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR).

Generally increasing in machining parameter (concentration of solution, current and voltage) lead to increase in (MRR) and (Ra).
Brain Tumor Detection using Deep Learning
Authors: Aakanksha Mysagoni
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The Brain Tumor Detection using Deep Learning project is aimed at developing a deep learning based system that can accurately detect brain tumors from medical images such as MRI scans. The proposed system will use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to analyze the medical images and output the probability of the presence of a tumor, along with its location, size, and type.
Analysis of Characteristics of Korean Students with Below the Low Level in Mathematics by Content Domain: Focusing on TIMSS Results
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hwa Kyung
Published: July 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study were to analyze the characteristics of the achievement of mathematics according to content domain for Korean students whose mathematics achievement was below the low level by comparing them with those of other countries.
Methods TIMSS, which provides scores for each content domain, was selected among the international academic achievement assessments, and the results were analyzed by country for three cycles: TIMSS 2011, TIMSS 2015, and TIMSS 2019.
Results It was confirmed that Korea student who is showed low achievement in the number in the 4th grade and in the algebra in the 8th grade. In addition, through range analysis, it was confirmed that the low achievement in the 8th grade algebra was clear.
Conclusions The need to emphasize algebra education for students below the basic level was raised, and follow-up research was suggested.
A Study on the Strategies to Enhance the Teaching Presence of Online Class in Higher Education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Song Yeonok
Published: July 2023

Objectives This study explored learners’ perceptions of non-face-to-face SW classes at a university, and the preferred characteristics related to the instructor’s presence.
Methods In total, 106 students in University H’s Creative Thinking and Coding course were asked to assess the instructor’s presence. A mixed methodology of qualitative data and network analyses was used.
Results According to the analysis, (1) rankings in terms of the instructor’s presence were in the order of “teaching-design-teacher’s presence and facilitation.” Subcategory items for each category ranked as follows: “teaching: subject feedback,” “design: effective use of media,” “instructor’s presence: concern for learners,” and “facilitation: sharing meaning and understanding.” (2) Learners’ perceptions were primarily a fear of programming classes and the expectation that learning alone would be difficult and accompanied by a sense of isolation, the need for self-examination of one’s own learning process and problem-solving strategy with the instructor’s help, and a strong interest in a non-face-to-face learning reflection journal as an interactive tool; and (3) in the “design” category of the instructor’s presence, the top three keywords with high-link centrality were “class-course-difficulty.” In the category of “facilitating,” they were “question-feedback-sharing.” In the category of “teaching,” the top keywords were “instructor-feedback-question,” and in the “instructor’s presence” category, they were “question-learning journey-record.”
Conclusions Based on the study, the following findings were presented: first, the instructor’s digital-based class design competency; second, teaching-learning with other students using an e-scaffolding strategy; third, instructor feedback regarding the digital environment and course characteristics; and finally, the need for efforts and measures to improve the effectiveness of exchanges of e-learning reflection journals.
Korean Culture class design based on CBI Adjunct Language Instruction Model for Korean short term immersion program learners
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee So Young , Min You Mi
Published: July 2023

Objectives This study aims to present an instructional design and a lesson plan based on the content-based instruction (CBI) model for short-term immersion course learners who aim to learn the Korean language and culture.
Methods This study examined cultural learning goals and instructional models through literature research to design Korean cultural classes and develop a lesson plan. Next, this study explored the characteristics, theoretical grounds, and models of CBI, and other previous research was examined to prepare curriculum and specific class plans. Finally, for curriculum development, this article applied the procedure of the curriculum guideline (6T) for content-based classes proposed by Stroller&Grabe (1997). Furthermore, to select the class theme, this study conducted the need analysis with the entrusted institution of this program.
Results Finally, this study adopted the Adjunct language instruction model to design the class and develop the curriculum. Moreover, the ITB model was applied, and instructional strategies were presented for specific institutional design. In the Into stage, vocabulary quizzes and warming up activities to support learners' schema formation were designed, and the Through stage was divided into two stages: reading and listening activities by language instructors and special lectures by content instructors. In the Beyond stage, hands on activities related to the special lecture and a language class to review learning contents were designed. Finally, this study presented examples of class materials on the “Modern Korean Food Culture and Table Changes.”
Conclusions The implication of this study is to provide a framework for designing and planning a culture class that integrates three elements of the culture described in the 3P model. In particular, the instructional design proposed in this study ensures the learners' expertise in content and linguistic support because the co-work of subject matter experts and language instructors carefully developed the class activities and materials. Also, the instructional design proposed in this study is differentiated from the existing cultural class design in that it allows learners to experience what they have learned in person in connection with experiential activities.
A Qualitative Case Study on the Practicum Experience of Undergraduate Students in Counseling
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Yun-bhin , Jo Hang
Published: July 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study is to explore the practicum experience of undergraduate students in counseling and to thoroughly understand their practicum experience.
Methods In this study we conducted several in-depth interviews with a total of six seniors and graduates in counseling about their practicum experience once or twice from March to May 2022. The collected data was transcribed and analyzed through intra-case and inter-case analysis of the qualitative case study method.
Results In the within-case analysis meaningful experiences that appeared before during and after the field practice were derived for each of the six undergraduate students in counseling and in the inter-case analysis a total of 3 areas 7 upper categories and 20 subcategories were derived. In specific in the “process of practicum experience participation” area, the upper categories “participating in practicum experience with various motives” and three subcategories were derived. In the “process of practicum experience” area, the upper categories, “being confused and existing as field trainees,” “becoming a member of an institution by taking the lead in practicum experience” and seven subcategories were derived. In the “meaning of practicum experience” area, the upper categories of “stimulus of growth,” “field of understanding,” “compass of career,” “benefits and losses” and 10 subcategories were derived.
Conclusions This study confirmed the necessity of field practicum courses for undergraduate students in counseling by in-depth exploration of their field practicum experiences using a qualitative case study design.
The mediating effect of achievement motivation on the relationship between self-esteem and reemployment desire among middle-aged reemployment seekers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Dosik , Jang Hyungshim
Published: July 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to test the mediating effect of achievement motivation on the relationship between self-esteem and reemployment desire among reemployment seekers.
Methods A survey was conducted among the participants of reemployment training at the Chungbuk Middle-aged Job Hope Center in Chungcheongbuk-do, and 311 reemployment hopefuls were analyzed after excluding the non-respondents. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 for factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis, and Baron and Kenny's three-step regression analysis and Sobel test were used to confirm the mediating effect of achievement motivation.
Results First, self-esteem, achievement motivation, and desire to re-enter the workforce were measured on a 5-point Likert scale, with self-esteem having the highest mean. Second, the correlations of the three variables were significantly positive, and the subfactors were mostly similar. Third, achievement motivation was found to have a full mediating effect on the relationship between self-esteem and reemployment desire, which is the ultimate goal of this study.
Conclusions Self-esteem of middle-aged reemployment seekers was found to have a significant effect on reemployment desire through achievement motivation. Therefore, it is expected that developing, supplementing, and modifying educational programs centered on self-esteem and achievement motivation in reemployment education for middle-aged reemployment seekers will have a positive impact on promoting reemployment desire.
The Mediating Effect of Occupational Values in the Effects of Early Childhood Teachers' Empowerment on Teacher Efficacy
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Ha Ji-Min , Goh Eun-Kyoung
Published: July 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of intrinsic occupational value and extrinsic occupational value, two sub-factors of occupational values, on the relationship between early childhood teachers' empowerment and teacher efficacy.
Methods To achieve the research purpose, we analyzed the data from 207 early childhood teachers working in public and private kindergartens located in Gyeongsangnam-do. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediating effect analysis were conducted on the variables of empowerment, occupational values, and teacher efficacy. The study aims to verify the mediating effect of intrinsic occupational value and extrinsic occupational value, which are two sub-factors of occupational values, on the relationship between early childhood teachers' empowerment and teacher efficacy.
Results The study yielded several findings. Firstly, in the correlation analysis, a positive correlation was observed between early childhood teachers' empowerment and teacher efficacy. However, regarding the sub-factors of occupational values, intrinsic occupational value exhibited a positive correlation with both empowerment and teacher efficacy, whereas extrinsic occupational value showed a negative correlation with empowerment and was not significantly associated with teacher efficacy. Secondly, when analyzing the mediating effect of intrinsic and extrinsic occupational values in the relationship between early childhood teachers' empowerment and teacher efficacy, it was found that the indirect effect of intrinsic occupational value was significant. However, the indirect effect of extrinsic occupational value was not significant.
Conclusions Based on these research findings, it was discussed that there is a need to develop a plan to support empowerment and foster intrinsic occupational value in order to enhance the teacher efficacy of early childhood teachers.
Molecular detection of mononucleotide biomarkers of microsatellite instability in sporadic colorectal carcinoma patients with clinicopathological correlation
Authors: Al-Jumaili Wed Thamer Salman , Al-Musawi Bassam Musa Sadik
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To identify the frequency and types of microsatellite instability among a group of sporadic CRC patients and to correlate the findings with clinicopathological characteristics.

Methods: During an 8-month period, all patients with sporadic CRC who attended to two teaching hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq were recruited to this cross-sectional study regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, or tumor characteristics. Demographic, clinical, and histopathological features were recorded. DNA was extracted from FFPE-blocks of the resected tumors and normal tissues. PCR amplification of five microsatellite mononucleotide repeat loci (BAT25, BAT26, NR-21, NR-24, and MONO-27) and 2 pentanucleotide repeat control markers (Penta C and Penta D) was performed to determine the MSI status. Capillary electrophoresis and Genetic Analyzer 3500 (Applied Biosystem, Japan) were used to separate and examine the products. Data were analyzed by Genescan software (Promega, USA). Instability of two or more loci is considered MSI-H.

Result: In this study, ages of the 45 recruited patients ranged between 20-80 years, with a mean±SD of 55±12.3 years; of them, 31(68.9%) were ≥50 years; 25 (55.6%) were males. Rectal bleeding was the most frequent presenting feature [22 (48.9%)] patients; 23 (51.1%) of CRCs were located at recto-sigmoid region, 29 (64.4%) were T3 tumors, 34(75.5%) were non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, 39(86.7%) were moderately differentiated, 17 (37.8%) patients had stage III tumors; and 25 (55.5%) had lymphovascular invasion. MSI-H was seen in 5/45 (11.1%) patients; 3(60%) of them were ≥50 years, 4(80%) were males, 3(60%) were smokers, 2 (40%) presented with intestinal obstruction and altered bowel habits each; 4(80%) had T3 tumors, 3(60%) had mucinous adenocarcinomas [p=0.004], 2(40%) had stage II tumor and stage III each.

Conclusion: The frequency of MSI-H among the recruited patients with CRC was 5/45 (11.1%) and it was significantly associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma subtype. NR-24 and NR-21 were the most prevalent instable markers.
PENCEGAHAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA: KOLABORASI PEMERINTAH ACEH UTARA BERSAMA BNN KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Zahara Ana , Armanda Dicky , Muhaddis Muhaddis , Nurmasyahyati Nurmasyahyati
Published: July 2023

This research examines the circulation of narcotics in Aceh, which is increasingly very worrying. Narcotics in Aceh are now a real threat that must be considered by all components of society. The location of Aceh Province, which is in the Malacca Strait, makes Aceh a strategic area. So this is a serious threat to Aceh Province, especially related to smuggling and illicit narcotics. This study aims to find out how collaborative governance is used in carrying out the implementation of Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2018 concerning the facilitation of the prevention of narcotics abuse in North Aceh. In this study, we used qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach to gain a comprehensive understanding. The results of the research show that the dynamics of collaboration in preventing narcotics abuse in the North Aceh district are not good enough because there is no collaboration, so the socialization function that should be carried out together is not working and there is no joint discussion between parties to start a collaboration plan, so the goals of cooperation mandated in the qanun are not achieved. The process of promoting collaboration was null because there was no collaboration, so several parties urged the North Aceh district government to immediately take steps to realize this collaboration.
Discovery Learning: Definisi, Sintaksis, Keunggulan dan Kelemahan
Authors: Khasinah Siti
Published: July 2023

This article aims to provide a simple and clear guidance for school teachers, student-teachers and also in service-teachers in designing lesson plans using Discovery Based Learning. Though there are lots of books, articles, and other sources have discussed the topic, it still be problem for some of those teachers in arranging lesson plan. Based on the writer’s experience in teaching Micro Teaching classes and PPG PAI class, the students seemed to have difficulties in planning the syntaxes of Discovery Learning systematically and set the class activities properly in every syntax. They sometimes, could not able to distinguish the syntaxes of the method from others, even though it is one of the methods suggested and recommended in Curriculum 2013 and have been used widely. To help the students and the teachers, this article supports them with clear definition and the origin of the method, along with its systematic syntaxes, strengths and also weaknesses.
TUJUAN PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK (Studi Komparasi Pemikiran Sa’id Hawwa dan Syeh Kholil Bangkalan)
Authors: Solehah Devi Umi , Sinaga Ali Imran , Rakhmawati Fibri
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine (1) how to evaluate the context of the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan. (2) how to evaluate the input, Islamic Religious Education Curriculum at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan. (3) how to evaluate the process, Islamic Religious Education Curriculum at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan. (4) how to evaluate the results, Islamic Religious Education Curriculum at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan. In accordance with the purpose of this study using an evaluative research approach whose subjects were PAI teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan. Data and information were collected through study documents/document analysis, observation and interviews. Based on the research conducted, the following results were obtained: (1) Evaluation of the context (context) of the PAI curriculum is related to the 2013 curriculum program profile which contains the vision, mission, goals and legal basis in the implementation of the PAI curriculum which has been very well prepared (100%) and The program constraints faced were the number of lesson hours which was only 3 JP x 40 minutes a week, infrastructure that was not supportive, there were some students who experienced delays and learning difficulties, the absence of extracurricular activities based on religiosity, lack of good cooperation with parents. (2) Evaluation of PAI curriculum inputs is related to two aspects, namely aspects of PAI teachers in fulfilling learning administration requirements including making lesson plans (82%), syllabus processing already (73%), annual program processing already (92%), the preparation of the Semester Program has been (90%), PAI teachers have attended PAI curriculum training once and on the aspect of facilities and infrastructure in PAI learning are not adequate. (3) Evaluation of the PAI curriculum process is an activity to measure the extent to which the PAI curriculum has been running which is seen from three aspects, namely the learning process activities (87.5%) which are viewed from the results of observations, the assessment process activities include an attitude assessment of achieving (75 %), the assessment of knowledge has been (100%), and the assessment of skills has reached (89%) and the existence of student services such as guidance on reading the Koran and worship practices. (4) Evaluation of the results (product) of the PAI curriculum is a fact found in the field related to student learning outcomes in the form of report cards in which there are values and KKM for PAI subjects at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan. The preparation and processing of KKM has been (75%). The achievement of KKM in PAI subjects by students at SMP Muhammadiyah 60 Medan is 32% in the very good category, 48% in the good category, 16% in the fairly good category, and 4% in the category of less/still need for remedial/enrichment.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Cream for the Management of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Chakraborty Arpan , Chakraborty Manas , Mukhopadhyay Goutam , Bhattacharjee Arka , Mondal Baishakhi , Majumder Alpana
Published: July 2023

The current study aimed to develop a herbal hair cream formulation including plant extracts traditionally used for hair growth, and further research was conducted to understand the hair growth capability better using the 5 alpha reductase inhibitory model. 5 alpha reductases, an enzyme confined to the nuclear membrane, converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. The 5 alpha-reductase and its metabolite dihydrotestosterone influence various human disorders, including male pattern baldness, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer. Finasteride and alfatradiol are examples of synthetic medications; however, because of their negative impacts, researchers are currently focused on creating safer 5α-reductase inhibitors from plants. The hair cream formulation contained 0.5% extracts of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flower, Eclipta alba whole plant, and Solanum nigrum plant berries in a ratio of 1:1:1. Plant extracts used in the formulation were characterized by chemical biomarkers. The cream formulation was developed, and the quality control parameters were examined. Furthermore, the produced formulation's 5α-reductase inhibitory activity was tested using finasteride as a positive control. H. rosa sinensis, E. alba, and S. nigrum extracts, which comprise 0.35% oleanolic acid, 4.65% β-sitosterol, and 31.18% linoleic acid, were used in the formulation. HPTLC data revealed that each 10 gm of cream formulation contains 16.68 ± 0.21 mg of linoleic acid, 3.61 ± 0.18 mg of β-sitosterol and 0.380 ± 0.11 mg oleanolic acid. In-vitro results showed a good 5α-reductase inhibitory potential. The IC50 value of the developed formulation was 85.254 ± 0.888 μg/ml, whereas finasteride (positive control) was 223.039 ± 1.367 ng/ml. Thus, the herbal hair cream composition benefits alopecia therapy by inhibiting the 5α- reductase enzyme. In addition, the formulation might be a potential option for further research into its antiandrogenic properties.
Comparing Practice Intentions and Patterns of Family Physicians in Canada
Authors: Aggarwal Monica , Holtby Alixandra , Slade Steve
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives: In Canada, competency-based medical education prepares family medicine (FM) graduates to provide a broad scope of practice (SoP). We compared the practice intentions of FM residents at the end of training with actual practice patterns of early career family physicians (FPs) for SoP activities reflective of comprehensive family medicine.
Methods: We collected self-reported data from cross-sectional family medicine longitudinal surveys for exiting FM residents in 2015 and 2016 and from a separate cohort of FPs who were 3 years into practice in 2018 and 2019 from 15 programs. We measured outcomes from exiting FM residents intending to participate in SoP activities and FPs participating in 15 SoP domains of family medicine.
Results: A total of 1,409 exiting FM residents (58.2% response rate) and 523 early career FPs (21% response rate) responded to the surveys. A high correlation existed between the percentage of exiting residents who intended to participate in each SoP activity and the percentage of FPs who participated in those activities (r 2=0.95). However, we found statistically significant declines in the percentage of FPs reporting involvement in the SoP activities compared to their reported practice intentions for 14 of the 15 domains. We saw the greatest declines in providing care in long-term care facilities, rural communities, emergency departments, intrapartum care, and care for Indigenous populations (P<.001).
Conclusions: While SoP patterns are highly correlated with practice intentions, early-career FPs are less likely to provide care as intended for all SoP activities. Further research is needed on the factors influencing practice patterns in specific areas to determine how FP graduates can be supported to provide comprehensive care.
The Ecology of Artistic Research
Authors: Elizabeth Torres
Published: July 2023

In the past decade, artistic research has emerged as a prominent means of generating new knowledge while addressing pressing issues such as sustainability and environmental concerns. However, due to its relative newness, the field lacks a clear mainstream understanding regarding its potential, meaning, structures, and limitations. The Ecology of Artistic Research is an interdisciplinary investigation that aims to explore the multifaceted dimensions of the field, with a particular focus on the significance of artistic research to researchers and practitioners themselves, and how they perceive, process, and embody knowledge through their practice. This project seeks to identify sustainable approaches to artistic research, demystify and clarify the language of artistic research for lay audiences, visualize the mechanisms of the field, and visibilize structures and networks that pay closer attention to the narratives of our world in transformation.

The investigation is conducted through a cycle of conversations and artistic responses, with a particular focus on the Nordic countries of Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. Through engaging contemporary artistic practitioners, academic institutions and researchers in conversations, the project seeks to gain insight into their work, concerns, and personal experiences. The output of this research takes various interdisciplinary forms, including audiovisual interviews, articles, and a multimedia exposition.
MoFLeuR: Motion-based Federated Learning Gesture Recognition
Authors: Abouei Jamshid , Seyedmohammadi Seyed Jamal , Sheikholeslami Seyed Mohammad , Mohammadi Arash , Plataniotis Konstantinos N.
Published: July 2023

In recent years, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely
used for Human Gesture Recognition (HGR) based on the information
obtained from inertial sensors, such as accelerometers and gyroscopes,
available on smart Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Most of the recent
works on HGR using motion data rely on gathering a dataset, that faces
two major challenges:a) the datasets are originally
stored on the smart devices at the end-users, and gathering them in one
place is not feasible due to communication limitations, andb)
clients are reluctant to share their private data with a central
server due to privacy concerns. In this paper, we address these issues
and propose a privacy-preserving framework based on Federated Learning
(FL) for HGR using motion data, called Motion-based Federated Learning
Gesture Recognition (MoFLeuR). Furthermore, we consider different types
of data heterogeneity which have destructive effects on the performance
of the global model. Accordingly, we propose a communication and
computation-efficient client selection method that chooses the clients
to mitigate the impact of data heterogeneity in the training process. In
the proposed framework, clients are not requested to share sensitive
information about their local datasets with the edge server in the FL
process. Simulation results show that the proposed MoFLeuR algorithm
improves the performance of the global model in the presence of
different degrees of data heterogeneity, and it outperforms the baseline
algorithms in terms of different metrics, namely accuracy, convergence
speed, and communication and computation efficiency.
Comparison of Soil salinity prediction by Machine Learning algorithms in coastal areas of Bangladesh.
Authors: Chakraborty Sukanta , Elahi Fazle
Published: July 2023

Crop yield and food security are both impacted by soil salinization. It
is critical for agricultural management and development to map the
spatial distribution and severity of salinity. Using the coastal areas
of Bangladesh as an example, this study attempted to investigate the
usefulness of machine learning algorithms for soil salinity prediction.
This study uses secondary data from a paper released in 2010 by the Soil
Resource Development Institute, SRMAF Project, Ministry of Agriculture,
Bangladesh. Seven ensemble learning models are presented in this paper:
Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine
(SVM), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural
Network (ANN), and Alpha-Beta Pruning (AB). The results showed that RF
performed best in terms of accuracy (98.6486%) and root mean square
error (RMSE: 0.1035). Hence, RF is recommended for soil salinity
prediction.
Reactive changes in the Langerhans' cells of human skin caused by occlusion with water and sodium lauryl sulphate.
Authors: Mikulowska A
Published: July 2023

Human skin was patch tested with sodium lauryl sulphate or with water only for 48 h and biopsied immediately and after 24 h, then analyzed by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Sodium lauryl sulphate produced a decrease in the number of epidermal Langerhans' cells and an increase in dermal Langerhans' cells, with individual variations. The 48-h water occlusion controls showed only slight reactions. Unexpectedly, quite pronounced reactive changes were seen 24 h after termination of water occlusion. Thus, dermal Langerhans' cells were commonly increased and epidermal Langerhans' cells tended to decrease in number. The results indicate that the 24-h interval is not a period of recovery but a period in which more pronounced reactive changes occur. Hydration over 48 h followed by dehydration leading to temporary damage to the epidermal barrier may explain the present findings. Some of the reactive changes observed after sodium lauryl sulphate exposure probably represent the additive effects of occlusion and sodium lauryl sulphate treatment.
Expression of protein kinase C isozyme in human Langerhans' cells.
Authors: Koyama Y , Fukaya Y , Ueda H , Hachiya T , Hagiwara M , Hidaka H , Marunouchi T
Published: July 2023

Protein kinase C is a key molecule controlling signal transduction into the cell. We recently reported that protein kinase C II isoenzyme, but neither I nor III isozyme, was expressed in epidermal Langerhans' cells of the adult mouse, and that none of these isozymes was detected in keratinocytes. In this study, we examined the expression of protein kinase C isozymes in human Langerhans' cells in vivo to see whether the expression of protein kinase C II isozyme in Langerhans' cells is a mouse-specific trait. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that protein kinase C II isozyme, but neither I nor III isozyme, was expressed in epidermal Langerhans' cells. None of these isozymes was detected in keratinocytes. These results suggest that the expression of protein kinase C II isozyme in epidermal Langerhans' cells in vivo is not a mouse-specific trait and that protein kinase C II isozyme is a novel phenotypic marker for epidermal Langerhans' cells in human as well as mouse skin.
Papular eruption in helminth infestation--a hypersensitivity phenomenon? Report of four cases.
Authors: Buslau M , Marsch W C
Published: July 2023

This communication reports on generalized papular eruption in Man, coinciding with infestation due to dwarf tapeworm (Hymenolepis nana), pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) and whipworm (Trichuris trichiura). The assumed allergic-hyperergic reaction was evident from itching, blood and tissue eosinophilia, increased serum IgE and clearing up after focus of infestation therapy. Pinworm and whipworm therapy was initially accompanied by Jarisch-Herxheimer phenomenon.
A double-blind comparison of topical clindamycin and oral minocycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Authors: Sheehan-Dare R A , Papworth-Smith J , Cunliffe W J
Published: July 2023

Sixty-six patients with moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris were entered in a 12-week double-blind study to compare the efficacy of topical clindamycin phosphate 1% twice daily and oral minocycline 50 mg twice daily. Both treatments gave significant overall improvements from baseline observations in acne grade and inflamed lesion counts, but not in noninflamed lesion counts. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in respect of acne grade, inflamed or non-inflamed lesion counts. Both treatment regimes were well tolerated. This study has shown that topical clindamycin twice daily is an effective alternative to oral minocycline 50 mg twice daily in the treatment of moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris.
Formation of cysteinyldopa from glutathionedopa in melanoma
Authors: Agrup G , Falck B , Kennedy BM , Rorsman H , Rosengren AM , Rosengren E.
Published: July 2023

Glutathionedopa injected intravenously into mice is metabolized and excreted in the urine as a compound with the fluorescence characteristics of cysteinyldopa. Glutathionedopa incubated with a guinea-pig kidney homogenate is metabolized to a compound with the fluorescence characteristics of cysteinyldopa. Boiling of the kidney homogenate prevents the metabolism of glutathionedopa. Incubation of glutathionedopa with a homogenate of a melanoma metastasis led to the formation of a compound with the fluorescence characteristics of cysteinyldopa. Boiling of the melanoma homogenate prevented the metabolism of glutathionedopa. Large amounts of glutathione added to the incubate inhibited the reaction. Lung tissue and blood plasma had no detectable ability to metabolize glutathionedopa. The results show that human melanoma contains one or several enzymes capable of metabolizing glutathionedopa to a smaller dopathioether, probably cysteinyldopa. Such enzymes seem to be normally present in mice and guinea-pigs and have been demonstrated in the guinea-pig kidney.
Trichosporosis (white piedra). A case report from Finald
Authors: Kotovirta M , Stubb S , Salonen A.
Published: July 2023

A 25-year-old Finnish male had had brownish-black nodules along the shafts of his scrotal hair for a period of 1 1/2 years. From the clinical appearance, piedra was suspected. Fungal culture demonstrated Trichosporum cutanum (T. Beigelii) and a diagnosis of white piedra was made. The patient has never been outside the boundaries of Finland.
Mixed (lichenoid and macular) cutaneous amyloidoses
Authors: Toribio J , Quiñones PA , Virgil TR , Santa-Cruz CS.
Published: July 2023

Between October 1972 and Paril 1974 a total of four patients suffering from lichen amyloidosus were admitted to the wards of the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Valladolid. All these patients also showed a macular amyloidosis associated with the lichenoid eruption. The authors emphasize that macular amyloidosis is quite commonly found as an associated and closely related condition in lichen amyloidosus.
Incontinentia pigmenti achromians (Ito)
Authors: Hellgren L.
Published: July 2023

A case of incontinentia pigmenti achromians syndrome with associated abnormalities occurring in a 21-year-old woman is reported. Since birth she has had whorling macular, hypopigmented areas on the skin of the lateral, anterior, and posterior aspects of the trunk. Histopathological picture: the melanocytes in the depigmented areas are slightly reduced in number. Some of the associated abnormalities that she exhibits, such as coarse curly hair on her scalp, and pigmented spots in her left iris, have never before been described. Other of her symptoms--thick lips and myopia--have been reported earlier. The patient's mother, 15-year-old sister and 9-year-old brother showed, from birth, brown hyperpigmented maculae on the left halves of their bodies.
HL-A antigens (17, 27, UPS) in psoriasis with special reference to patients with arthritic lesions
Authors: Marcusson J , Möller E , Thyresson N.
Published: July 2023

Fifty patients with longstanding and severe psoriasis vulgaris have been tissue-typed. HL-A 17 and 27 from second sublocus and UPS from third sublocus have been found to occur in increased frequency. HL-A 27 was found to be more prevalent among those with arthritic lesions. The lack of significantly increased frequency of HL-A 13 is discussed.
Treatment of psoriasis with oral psoralens and longwave ultraviolet light. Therapeutic results and cytogenetic hazards
Authors: Swanbeck G , Thyresson-Hök M , Bredberg A , Lambert B.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the usefulness of oral treatment of psoriasis with psoralens and longwave ultraviolet light and the possible cytogenetic hazards of this therapy. 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) in doses between 15 and 60 mg orally followed 2 hours later by UVA irradiation of one side of the body gave a healing of the irradiated side in 24 of 40 cases and an improvment in another 11 cases while only one case healed on the side of body that was not irradiated. The most common undesired side effect was pruritus on the irradiated side of the body. The cytogenetic study showed that 8-MOP and UVA treatment of lymphocytes in vitro gives rise to chromosomal aberrations. In a combined in vivo-in vitro study where the lymphocytes had been isolated from a patient 2 hours after intake of 60-80 mg 8-MOP and then irradiated with therapeutic UVA doses, a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations was found. When chromosome analyses were made on the patients whilst the 8-MOP treatment was temporarily withdrawn and when the lymphocytes were not irradiated in vitro, no increased frequency of chromosomal abberations was found on comparison with a group of psoriatic patients receiving dithranol therapy.
The extraction and partial purification of the deoxycholate-soluble matrix protein from human plantar horny layer
Authors: Tezuka T.
Published: July 2023

The electron-dense, amorphous matrix protein in human horny cells was extracted with deoxycholate. The deoxycholate-soluble material was partially purified by differential centrifugation and molecular sieve chromatography. Approximately 44% of the total protein was extracted into the 270,000 g supernatant fraction. Macroaggregates with histochemical characteristics indentical with those in situ keratohyalin granules were formed upon dialysing the 270,000 g supernatant fraction against redistilled water. Antibody was raised to the purified material of the initial peak from the Sepharose 6B column. The resulting antiserum yielded a single precipitin line when tested against the immunizing antigen. Electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate showed this antigenic material to be heterogeneous. It was immunologically homogeneous when this antigenic material was examined by immuno-electrophoresis. Since the antibody was localized on the keratohyalin granules of human planter skin by indirect immunofluorescence, the partially purified, deoxycholate-soluble material from human plantar horny layers is considered to originate from keratohyalin granules. Amino acid analysis revealed a high content of glycine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid, and a low content of histidine and leucine.
Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on human skin lipids. In vivo and in vitro studies
Authors: Okido M , Suzuki K , Sugihara I , Mizuno N.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Treatment of photosensitivity in congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) with beta-carotene
Authors: Seip M , Thune PO , Eriksen L.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Incorporation of L-dopa, L-alpha-methyldopa and DL-isoproterenol into guinea pig hair
Authors: Harrison WH , Gray RM , Solomon LM.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Cell-mediated autohypersensitivity in psoriasis. In vitro tests with extracts from psoriatic skin and scales
Authors: Hopsu-Havu VK , Helander I.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Histological findings in parakeratosis pustulosa
Authors: De Dulanto F , Armijo-Moreno M , Camacho-Martinez F.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Plasma testosterone levels and acne
Authors: Förström L , Mustakallio KK , Dessypris A , Uggeldahl PE , Adlercreutz H.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Participation of singlet state excites oxygen in photohemolysis induced by kynurenic acid
Authors: Swanbeck G , Wennersten G , Nilsson R.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Lentiginosis profusa syndrome. IV. Giant pigment granules (light microscopy)
Authors: Selmanowitz VJ.
Published: July 2023

Ionically separated epidermal sheets from pigmentations of two patients with lentiginosis profusa were incubated in dopa (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine) and slide-mounted. Light microscopy revealed intracellular giant pigment granules which appeared like those seen with von Recklinghausen's disease.