bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radicalism prevention through education strategies aligned with SDGs in Indonesia: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Handoyo Eko , Kenayathulla Husaina Banu , Puspita Maria Ayu
Published: September 2024

Religious and national organizations triggered radicalism in Indonesia, which was triggered by ideological, political, and military factors. The research was conducted to investigate the roots of radicalism and methods to overcome it, especially through applying educational approaches aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Analysis of bibliometric data from the Scopus database from 2013 to 2023 was used to identify research trends and key themes. The study’s findings integrate education, community engagement, media literacy, and political reform to foster a tolerant and inclusive society. Important topics include methods of youth engagement in educational strategies, faith-based and communitybased, the power of religious movements, media effects, and political dynamics. The study results show that educational strategies that support the SDGs can help prevent radicalism by promoting peace, equality, and sustainability. By implementing this strategy, the young generation with global awareness and responsibility is expected to emerge, contributing to creating a peaceful and inclusive society in Indonesia.
The moderating role of empathic concern and perspective-taking in breaking the cycle of psychological violence to realize Sustainable Good Well-being
Authors: Megawati Hermeilia , Ernawati  , Hamdani Zidan , Fanindita Fathia , Hrp Ghina Safira Claudia , Palupi Palupi
Published: September 2024

Psychological violence is a serious obstacle to achieving the SDGs because of its broad impact on the well-being of individuals and society. This research investigated how perspective-taking and empathic concern moderate the relationship between the experience of being a victim of emotional abuse and the likelihood of being a perpetrator in the future. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and used online questionnaires for the data collection. It involved 750 participants aged 18-25 years who were or had been in a heterosexual relationship for at least six months in the Greater Jakarta area. The instruments were the Multi-dimensional Measure of Emotional Abuse Short Form (α= .933), the nterpersonal Reactivity Index on perspective taking (α=.669), and the empathic concern subscale (α=.645). The collected data was analysed using a moderated regression model with JASP 0.18.3. The results show that perspective-taking has a significant moderating effect (B=-.034, p<.001), but empathic concern does not show a significant effect as a moderator (B=.0001, p=.983). Therefore, theoretical models that focus on the development of cognitive empathy abilities are needed to understand psychological violence in more depth.
Global perspectives on digital parenting: Challenges and opportunities in improving family well-being
Authors: Syukur Yarmis , Putra Ade Herdian , Ardi Zadrian , Nuzila Zahri Triave , Eva Putri Julia
Published: September 2024

This narrative review examines global perspectives on digital parenting, focusing on the challenges and opportunities in enhancing family well-being through digital technologies. It synthesises study findings from leading international journals, highlighting digital technologies’ positive and negative impacts on family dynamics, children’s education and mental health. On the positive side, digital technologies can significantly enhance families’ educational and communication opportunities. However, digital technologies also have considerable risks, such as increased screen time, lower happiness, exposure to inappropriate content, and challenges in maintaining healthy family dynamics. Parents need help managing their children’s digital use due to a lack of digital literacy and effective monitoring tools. Effective strategies identified include improving digital literacy among parents, developing clear family policies on technology use, and encouraging shared use of media technologies. These strategies help balance the benefits and risks of digital technology, thereby promoting overall family well-being.
Poverty line and multidimensional poverty index through Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia
Authors: Yulianto Arief , Plangsorn Boonrat , Puspita Maria Ayu , Veronika Trisni Wulandari
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to determine the poverty line (PL) and the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) integrated with SDGs. Quantitative data on PL and MPI were collected from the central statistics agency, including income, education access, health services, and decent living standards. The data that has been collected are analyzed descriptively to describe the poverty profile in districts/cities in Central Java, Indonesia. The analysis data compares PL and the MPI to identify the differences and gaps. The findings show the existing poverty alleviation programs were still sectoral and partial, so a holistic and coordinated approach was needed. The study highlights the importance of multidimensional strategies to improve quality of life, aligned with the SDGs to ensure effective poverty alleviation.
Spiritual leadership training for improved wellbeing students of Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Faidah Mutimmatul , Rahmawati Dina , Nuryono Wiryo , Sifaq Aghus , Nejat Muntazeri Safana
Published: September 2024

This study aims to (1) describe the needs analysis of Spiritual Leadership Training, (2) formulate the planning and implementation of Spiritual Leadership Training, and (3) describe the training evaluation. This research can contribute to the achievement of SDGs in the field of Quality Education. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques were participant observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Key informants were boarding school caregivers, teachers, and boarding school administrators. The research subjects were 45 students from May to June 2024 in Surabaya and Batu, East Java. The results of this study are: (1) students need to strengthen self-awareness to be able to carry out the dual role as students and Islamic boarding school students; (2) the training is designed with dynamic and humanist package with five topics that lead to strengthening mental health to be able to become a wise leader and be based on spiritual values; and (3) evaluation of training results through three domains, implementation evaluation, group dynamics report, and Personal Action Plan (PAP). This study implies that mental health needs to be provided in learning in Islamic boarding schools. This is to strengthen the achievement of SDGs Quality education.
Export competitiveness of Indonesia to ASEAN market for three leading commodities
Authors: Nikensari Sri Indah , Qisthina Najwa , Yuniarti Puji , Wong Sing Yun
Published: September 2024

Fair trading and market access are needed for sustainable development, and export competitiveness is one of the implementations of this goal. Indonesia has three leading export commodities in the world market, namely mineral fuels, animal/vegetable fats and oils, iron and steel. This study aims to determine the sustainability of Indonesia’s competitive position in four ASEAN countries (Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Singapore), based on Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and to examine the factors that influence it. The results of this study indicate that Indonesia’s three leading commodities had sustainable competitiveness in the ASEAN market. Indonesia’s mineral fuel commodities have strong competitiveness based on RCA values > 1, an and animal /vegetable fats & oils have strong competitiveness except with Thailand in 2004-2011. Meanwhile, iron & steel commodities, which were initially weakly competitive, then had strong competitiveness along with increasing demand. The factors that determine export competitiveness have different responses for each commodity, where economic distance affects the competitiveness of all commodities, the exchange rate has a strong influence on mineral fuel commodities and animal or vegetable fats & oils, and the local currency affects the competitiveness of iron and steel exports.
Achieving the fourth SDGs by developing students’ public speaking skills: A practice of behavioral counseling with modeling method
Authors: Ayu Fakhriani Chandra , Naqiyah Najlatun , Farid Ilhamuddin Muhammad , Nursilowati Lilik , Yulianingsih Wiwin , Karwanto Karwanto , Eather Narelle
Published: September 2024

Quality education is the main focus of the fourth Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which specifies inclusivity in the learning process and improves the quality of students. Therefore, this research used a single subject design with an A-B-A design, engaging five 10th grade students who had low public speaking skills based on observations and guidance counselor reports. Data were collected through direct practice sessions and assessed using a public speaking practice evaluation sheet. The results showed that there was an improvement in the average scores of students’ public speaking practice from the baseline phase before intervention (A) to after intervention (A2). The average practice scores for each students during the baseline phase before intervention (A) were 38.33, 36.66, 34.3, 38.6, and 43.6. After the intervention (A2), the average scores increased to 74, 75, 69, 78.6, and 75.6. Based on these results, the introduction of behavioral counseling with modeling strategies effectively enhanced the public speaking skills of high school students. This method could help school counselors develop programs to enhance the public speaking skills of students.
Sustainable ecosystem for professional teachers in Indonesia: The role of teacher professional education programs in achieving the SDGs
Authors: Rokhman Fathur , Purnomo Arif , Yuwono Agus , Saputro Iwan Hardi , Plangsorn Boonrat , Fajar Habibi Ahmad
Published: September 2024

This research explores the role of Teacher Professional Education (PPG) in supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia, especially SDG 4 which emphasizes quality and inclusive education. Adapting Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, this research analyzes four indicators of professional teacher development: adaptive development indicator ecosystem analysis, field development ecosystem, network development ecosystem, and leadership development ecosystem. This research uses a mixed method research design, data is taken from respondents with PPG alumni backgrounds in 2018-2022. This research shows significant progress in active learning innovation and teacher academic qualifications. In addition, there are still challenges in active participation in classroom action research indicators and teacher professional collaboration. The results of this research provide important insights for policymakers to strengthen the PPG program to achieve SDG goals, support a sustainable education ecosystem, and improve the quality of education in Indonesia.
Performance Analysis of a Solar Farm Capturing a Unique Real-time Performance Ratio through Data-driven Methodology
Authors: Thakur Ila , Rajakumar Anjana Geetha , Minz Remish Leonard , Kulkarni Nikhil , Mital Prateek , Chakravortty Nilanjan , Venkatraman Chandrasekar
Published: September 2024

Photovoltaic technology, a rising renewable energy source, relies heavily on irradiation and temperature for performance. Defects like shading, hot spots, and soiling can disrupt the current–voltage curve, challenging inverters to operate at maximum power point (MPP). Indirect measurement and real-time loss detection methods are essential due to the inaccessibility of PV cell circuits. The conventional methods of performance measurement consider the performance based on standard test conditions. The main focus of the present work is to develop a novel performance ratio, which captures real-time efficiency involved in Solar farm operations using data-driven methodologies. The major contributions of this work are: Monitoring health and performance of solar farms by collecting 8 months of SCADA data using IEC standard 61724; Developing a data-driven model to predict ideal I-V curve and MPP at each transient state in the absence of panel-level data; Developing a new performance ratio which provides insights into the transient operational state of the inverter and the deviation of real-time data from the MPP. The results reveal the interplay of different inverters and the evolving overall performance of solar farm over time. This underscores necessity for maintenance and highlights the potential for enhancing solar farm’s output.
Optimization Performance PV system by using Theoretical and Practical Methods to Improve Energy Sector of Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Hayder J. , Vladimirovich Korovkin N.
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to an urgent problem today; Energy problems are one of the most important global problems of our time and directly affect many countries. Insufficient electricity production and its high cost hinder not only the establishment of industry and manufacturing industries, but also social development. The energy sector in Iraq suffers from a severe shortage of energy supplies with the continuous increase in demand for electrical energy consumption for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes. Therefore, there has been an urgent need to benefit from renewable energy resources, including solar energy, as it is quick to install compared to traditional power plants that require long periods of time, in addition to the environmental damage caused by the use of fossil fuels. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of the energy complex using photovoltaic. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to analyze the operating modes of a photovoltaic system and study various modeling methods and experimental models for a photovoltaic system. The results appear that Iraq has the high intensive solar irradiation in the world during the year that lead to ability high annual generation energy from PV system and for 25 year through the life cycle that net power generation gradually declines slightly, without high affecting production efficiency. The practical value of the research lies in the improved electrical circuit of the photovoltaic generating system, its control elements, increased energy generation efficiency. This significantly increases the efficiency of the production of renewable energy systems. In addition to that, the theoretical significance of the study lies in the use of mathematical programs for modeling the operating modes of solar power generation systems, which significantly improve the operating parameters of control units and auxiliary systems and increase the production of electric energy.
Inanspruchnahme von Inklusionsleistungen bei Kindern mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus in Deutschland – eine Auswertung des DPV-Registers
Authors: Kapellen Thomas Michael , Holl Reinhard Walter , Heinrich-Rohr Michaela , Tittel Sascha R , Freff Markus , Klinkert Christof
Published: September 2024

Fragestellung Kinder und Jugendliche mit Typ-1-Diabetes sollen regulär an Bildung teilhaben. Um dies zu verwirklichen, sind altersabhängig Maßnahmen zur Inklusion erforderlich. Mit vorliegender Studie soll analysiert werden, wie häufig Inklusionsleistungen in Anspruch genommen wurden und ob diese einen potenziellen Einfluss auf die Stoffwechsellage – gemessen am HbA1c – der Kinder haben.

Methoden In vorliegender Studie wurden für das Jahr 2022 alle in Deutschland behandelten Patienten aus dem DPV-Register im Alter von 0 bis zu 18 Jahren eingeschlossen, wenn die jeweilige Inklusionsmaske ausgefüllt sowie die Lebenssituation (z.B. alleinerziehendes Elternteil) dokumentiert wurde. Erfasst wurden Inklusionsleistungen, Grad der Behinderung, Migrationsstatus, Deprivationsindex, Erziehungsstatus und HbA1c.

Ergebnisse 988 Kinder und Jugendliche mit Typ-1-Diabetes, im Median 15,3 Jahre alt, konnten in die Studie eingeschlossen werden (<6 Jahre: 46; 6–12 Jahre: 226 >12 Jahre: 716). Die mediane Diabetesdauer betrug 6,2 Jahre. Der HbA1c lag im Median bei 7,8%. Für 11,9% wird die Inanspruchnahme einer Inklusionsleistung angegeben. Die Inanspruchnahme von Inklusionsleistungen ist in der analysierten Stichprobe signifikant abhängig vom Alter (1 Jahr-Änderung: OR 0,72, 95%KI 0,65–0,79; p<0.001) und von der Diabetesdauer (OR 1,14, 95%KI 1,02–1,26; p=0.022).

Schlussfolgerungen Die Inanspruchnahme von Inklusionsleistungen oder Pflegeleistungen scheint eher selten zu erfolgen, jedoch häufiger bei jungen Kindern. Insgesamt besteht weiterer Forschungs- aber auch Handlungsbedarf auf Ebene der Politik, der medizinischen Versorgung sowie auch gesellschaftlich, damit Kinder mit T1DM gleichberechtigt an Bildung partizipieren können.
“I’ll throw acid on your pretty little face […], so wrote a genteel fanatic antifeminist”
Authors: Hatzidaki Ourania
Published: September 2024

This paper examines autobiographical reports of acts of (non-)verbal aggression against four Greek women pioneers in education, medicine, art and dance. These aggressive acts had been launched by some of their male contemporaries against the women’s efforts to occupy authority or elite positions. The analysis, which falls within the scope of historical (im)politeness research (Kádár and Culpeper 2010), focuses specifically on the rarely addressed issue of how the autobiographers discursively deal with the narrated incidents. The four women’s real-time reactions to, and post hoc appraisals of, the aggressive acts are categorized and discussed by applying and extending Bousfield’s (2007) model of responses to impoliteness. Furthermore, contemporary witness and third-party contributions, offensive and defensive, are analysed in the light of relevant models (Dobs and Garcés-Conejos Blitvich 2013; Bou-Franch and Garcés-Conejos Blitvich 2014). It is found that all four women take a dignified and defiant stance towards the recorded female-exclusionary behaviours, evidencing a common, diachronically/intergenerationally consistent self-heroizing disposition.
The tragedy of the commons: a Mean-Field Game approach to the reversal of travelling waves
Authors: Kobeissi Ziad , Mazari-Fouquer Idriss , Ruiz-Balet Domènec
Published: September 2024

The goal of this paper is to investigate an instance of the tragedy of the commons in spatially distributed harvesting games. The model we choose is that of a fishes’ population governed by a parabolic bistable equation and that fishermen harvest. We assume that, when no fisherman is present, the fishes’ population is invading (mathematically, there is an invading travelling front). Is it possible that fishermen, when each of them is acting selfishly in his or her own best interest, might lead to a reversal of the travelling wave and, consequently, to an extinction of the global population? To answer this question, we model the behaviour of individual fishermen using a Mean Field Game approach, and we show that the answer is yes. Up to our knowledge, this is the first theoretical work proving that a pool of common resources might go extinct due to the uncoordinated action of a large number of selfish and greedy agents. Additionally, we prove that adding coordination may result in higher outcome for each individual agent, while still guaranteeing the survival of the fishes’ population.
Extreme value statistics of first-passage trajectories of resetting Brownian motion in an interval
Authors: Huang Feng , Chen Hanshuang
Published: September 2024

In this work, we consider one-dimensional resetting Brownian motion confined in a unit interval with absorbing boundaries at both ends. The Brownian particle is reset to the starting position x
0 at random times but with a constant rate r, and the process terminates whenever the particle touches any of absorbing boundaries. We study the statistics of the span S, defined as the size of the visited domain during the first-passage process, and the time tm
at which the maximum (minimum) displacement is achieved when the particle is absorbed by the left (right) end. We analytically obtain the distribution of S and its mean value. The distribution of S can be significantly altered by the resetting, and the mean value of S can increase, decrease, or remain insignificant as r increases, depending on the value of x
0. Moreover, we find that the mean value

⟨

t
m

⟩

has a highly nontrivial dependence on r. When x
0 is close to the boundary,

⟨

t
m

⟩

can be reduced by the resetting, and a nonzero resetting rate

r
=

r

opt

exists for which

⟨

t
m

⟩

attains its minimum. Otherwise,

⟨

t
m

⟩

has its minimum when the resetting is absent. We observe that the transition occurs at

x
0

≈
0.180

67

(or

x
0

≈
0.819

33

). Such a transition is first-order, characterized by an abrupt jump of

r

opt

from a nonzero value to zero at the transition point.
Math behind smart contracts
Authors: Omar Hala S. , Diab Tamer O. , El sobky Wageda I. , Elsisy M. A.
Published: September 2024

This paper presents how smart contracts are based on mathematics. Smart contracts rely on mathematics to guarantee their immutability, security, and enforceability. Cryptographic procedures that are used to safeguard and confirm the contract’s implementation, including hash functions and digital signatures, might be used to illustrate this. Mathematical approaches known as hash functions embrace an input of arbitrary size and generate a fixed-size digest or hash. It is impossible to go backwards the process and ascertain the input from the outcome since the outcome is specific to the input. Digital signature techniques are used for digitally signing smart contracts. The most well-known digital signature schemes—Schnorr, Elgamal, and Elliptic curve schemes—that are employed in smart contracts are described in this research.
Proposing urban park coverage area using spatial configuration approach towards the more sustainable movement in Malang City
Authors: Siregar J P , Salsabillah A P , Sasongko W
Published: September 2024

Urban parks contribute to the sustainability particularly due to its social, functions. Regarding this, the issue of sustainability concerns not only the provision of urban parks but also the accessibility or movement to the parks. The main focus of this research was the investigation of the two issues using the notions of service coverage and spatial configuration. This study used 20 urban parks in Malang City as unit analyses. The overall analyses were in four stages: spatial configuration, the analysis of people’s preference and travel distance, correlation analysis, and lastly, proposing the urban parks coverage area. The spatial configuration analysis found that the urban parks distributed across the city with particular integration values. On the other hand, the respondents visited parks located in different districts across the city by 80.49%. As the result, there was a moderate correlation between the integration values and the number of respondents’ visit by 0.58 and a very high correlation between the integration values and the average travel distance by -0.847. Finally, the study proposed ten urban parks with the city coverage based on the correlation and the higher Z-scores.
The dynamics of urban structure and form as a tool for rejuvinating the image of the path and edge of the city in anticipation of urban sprawl
Authors: Nusantara Danna Prasetya , Ardiarini Dhesya , Ningrum Aryani Praba
Published: September 2024

The internal structure and shape of the city changed due to the impact of the urbanization phenomenon (population explosion), so that people have to make movements towards the city center which results in internal congestion. Urban of Rembang and Lasem are areas that need to anticipate urban sprawl based on the road network system (path) and the boundaries (edges) of urban development. It is suspected that the existence of a second core city influences changes in the system of activity centers and the road network as a whole so that changes also occur in the morphology of the shape of the city, as well as paths and edges in the city image to resolve internal congestion and control the city development. Quantitative methods with analysis techniques (gravity and population projections) are used to produce population size and allocation, and weighted kernel density to determine city structure after population explosion. Selected observations are used to determine paths and edges (city images) that are able to revitalize and limit city development. The expected result is to identify changes in city paths and edges in anticipation of city development after the population explosion.
Developing pocket park in densely-populated neighbourhood in urban areas to leverage the community’s quality of life
Authors: Dewi Santy Paulla , Mussadun
Published: September 2024

Providing public space in urban areas is challenging due to limited land, mainly in densely populated neighborhoods. People, including children, carry out outdoor activities on the roads, which are dangerous and disturb the comfort of road users. Furthermore, the absence of public space hampers economic activity and reduces environmental quality. Pocket parks are considered a strategy to provide public space in dense urban areas, such as small-scale parks as recreation arenas or open spaces located on riverbanks, railway borders, and vacant buildings. This article examines the possibility of implementing pocket parks, especially in Central Semarang District, which has the slightest green open space. The research method is a qualitative method, using secondary data and field observations. The research starts by determining potential locations for pocket parks using spatial analysis, determining the pocket park type from population number and age structure, availability of vacant land, and land use variables using weighting analysis. Afterward, formulate pocket park design elements according to the community and the physical environment characteristics. The research output is the potential distribution of pocket parks in Central Semarang District, which meet the public space demand for urban communities to improve the environment’s quality.
Exploring the inclusivity of Jakarta’s child-friendly integrated public spaces (RPTRA) through qualitative analysis of google map reviews
Authors: Saragih V , Toyyibah W , Kurniawan A , Kusuma H
Published: September 2024

Open space is an essential urban element where diverse societies gather and socialize. Inclusive design is crucial for urban open spaces to accommodate the diversity of cultures, especially in sprawling cities like Jakarta. Jakarta has developed 324 child-friendly open spaces (RPTRA) since 2015, distributed across the city for direct community benefits. However, no research discusses inclusivity in RPTRA development, which is essential for developing a more inclusive RPTRA in the future. Through qualitative exploratory study, this research aims to identify factors influencing inclusivity in open spaces, especially RTPRA in Jakarta. Data was gathered from literature and Google Reviews on RPTRA inclusivity in Jakarta and analyzed using content analysis with JMP tools, with RPTRA sample sizes determined using the Apify tool. Research results show that factors to consider in designing child-friendly, inclusive public spaces are based on four priority aspects: child-friendly activities, child-friendly facilities, environmental quality, and supporting facilities. Prioritizing these aspects can significantly contribute to RPTRA inclusivity, offering insights for architects, urban designers, and planners while contributing to academic knowledge on inclusivity in open space design derived from user perceptions, highlighting the importance of incorporating diverse perspectives in planning and design.
A modified lightweight quantum convolutional neural network for malicious code detection
Authors: Xiong Qibing , Fei Yangyang , Du Qiming , Zhao Bo , Di Shiqin , Shan Zheng
Published: September 2024

Quantum neural network fully utilize the respective advantages of quantum computing and classical neural network, providing a new path for the development of artificial intelligence. In this paper, we propose a modified lightweight quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN), which contains a high-scalability and parameterized quantum convolutional layer and a quantum pooling circuit with quantum bit multiplexing, effectively utilizing the computational advantages of quantum systems to accelerate classical machine learning tasks. The experimental results show that the classification accuracy (precision, F1-score) of this QCNN on DataCon2020, Ember and BODMAS have been improved to 96.65% (94.3%, 96.74%), 92.4% (91.01%, 92.53%) and 95.6% (91.99%, 95.78%), indicating that this QCNN has strong robustness as well as good generalization performance for malicious code detection, which is of great significance to cyberspace security.
Impact of seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers and its effects on agriculture in the delta region of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Tharik Mohamed , Vijayaraghavalu Sai Saraswathi
Published: September 2024

The current study evaluates the influence of seawater intrusion on groundwater and its implications for agriculture in the coastal belt of Tamil Nadu, India. This region has suffered from extensive groundwater salinization and low agricultural yield for several years. The salinity intrusion functions as a catalyst to damage the agriculture practices. Therefore, it is crucial to address the depletion of groundwater quality in the study area. In this study, 177 groundwater samples were obtained during pre-monsoon (2023). Subsequently, an integrated approach involving hydrogeochemical evaluation, geochemical modelling, chemical indices, GIS and multivariate statistics is applied in this study. The GQISWI and Seawater Mixing Index (SMI) suggest that the Southern part of the study area is largely affected by seawater mixing. According to the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Electric Conductivity (EC), Sodium Percentage (%Na) and Permeability Index (PI) distribution maps, it is identified that the groundwater in the southern part of the study area is not suitable for irrigation purposes. The hydrogeochemical data suggests that Ca-Cl type, Ca-Mg-Cl type − are predominant water types in the study area. The bivariate plots reveal that ion exchange, reverse ion exchange, silicate weathering, seawater mixing and anthropogenic activities are controlling factors influencing groundwater evolution. The Chloro-alkaline index suggests that 87.6% of the samples indicate reverse ion exchange controlling the groundwater system. Saturation Index (SI) indicates that the groundwater is saturated (>0) with dolomite and calcite, due to seawater intrusion. Pearson correlation, R-mode factor analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) also indicate the influence on groundwater from seawater mixing. In addition, overexploitation of groundwater through deep borewells for agriculture and domestic purposes, as well as climate change, may result in the salinization of coastal aquifers in the study area. These findings will assist local communities and policymakers in devising effective management and mitigation measures to increase crop yields and prevent seawater mixing in the research area.
Research on the group effect of new energy vehicles from different policy perspectives
Authors: Zhang Kanghui
Published: September 2024

Policies play a pivotal role in fostering the growth of new energy vehicles. This paper delves into the benefits and risks associated with the development of new energy vehicles under varying policy landscapes. Firstly, the intricate relationship between the competition and growth of new energy vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles is captured through the application of the extended Lotka-Volterra model. Secondly, a simulation flow diagram is constructed, taking into account the actual mediums of policy impact and drawing insights from diverse research methodologies. This flow diagram enables a comprehensive evaluation of environmental benefits, health risks, and traffic pressure. Finally, a critical evaluation of the actual impact of policies on new energy vehicles is conducted, along with an exploration of the root causes of potential policy paradoxes. The findings reveal that a standalone infrastructure support policy, research and development support policy, or carbon tax policy can, in certain periods, lead to an increase in carbon emissions and traffic pressure. Although the driving restriction policy does not exert negative impacts on the environment, health, and traffic at the national level, it can result in a surge in the total vehicle population. Therefore, it is imperative to adopt a combination of policies to mitigate the potential risks associated with any single policy.
Opportunities and challenges for direct electrification of chemical processes with protonic ceramic membrane reactors
Authors: Li Nannan , Zarkadoulas Athanasios , Kyriakou Vasileios
Published: September 2024

The necessity of developing sustainable energy storage and process electrification technologies has built an unprecedented momentum for protonic ceramic membrane reactors (PCMRs). PCMRs are practically electrolytic cells (or even fuel cells in case of cogeneration) that extend beyond the classical approach of electrolysis towards producing a variety of value-added chemicals or fuels. The use of a ceramic electrolyte membrane to electrochemically supply or remove hydrogen offers unique advantages, such as process intensification, cogeneration of chemicals and electricity, as well as the shift of the chemical equilibrium to the desired products. During the last few years, rapid progress has not only been made in the cell components, but also for upscaling, which reveals their high potential in terms of efficiency and flexibility. Herein, we discuss recent innovations and breakthroughs in the PCMR concepts and components for different processes, while we attempt to identify challenges that may hinder their wide deployment. Closer to commercialization is the production of pressurized hydrogen from sustainable sources, i.e. biogas and ammonia, while significant advancements have been made in reversible H2O electrolysis systems. CO2/H2O co-electrolysis, hydrocarbon conversion and ammonia synthesis have been also successfully demonstrated, albeit with different obstacles related to the product selectivity and stability of the cell reactors. We conclude that future projects should target beyond the experimental discovery of materials, such as, multiscale modeling that would aid optimization of the involved surfaces, interfaces, and the operating parameters towards enhancing the viability of electrosynthesis in PCMRs.
Osprey optimization algorithm for MPPT of PV system with forward DC to DC converter under partial shading conditions
Authors: Rao S Nagaraja , Kiran Kumar B M , Suresh Y Vijaya , Kumar A Suresh , Manjunatha B M
Published: September 2024

Electric power is required anywhere for multiple purposes to do various tasks. Production of electricity from renewable sources such solar energy is feasible solution for many problems. Photovoltaic modules are generally used to produce electricity through solar irradiance. However, a maximum power point tracking device (MPPTD) must be incorporated to Photovoltaic system to ensure its maximum utilization or best efficiency. A forward DC to DC circuit is selected to work as MPPTD in this paper. Many conventional algorithms including incremental conductance, perturb & observe are available to work effectively for MPPTD under uniform solar irradiances. However, non-uniform irradiances will be received by Photovoltaic modules where many are connected to form a power generation system due to trees, shading, dust, birds, clouds, etc Such phenomenon drags the system into Partial Shading Condition (PSC). Under PSC, conventional algorithms cannot identify the best location to harvest more energy. Hence, an optimization technique is required to operate Photovoltaic system at its outfit utilization during PSC. An optimization technique namely ‘Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA)’ is developed in this paper on MPPTD to harvest more energy during PSC. The comparison among OOA, Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), Modified Invasive Weed Optimization (MIWO) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is also included in this paper. The Hardware—in the—Loop is establish by using OPAL-RT technology to collect various results for presenting analysis under different operating conditions.
Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Periorbital Rejuvenation
Authors: Kreh Caroline C , Roider Laura , Firouzbakht Peter K , Nathan Charles , Prada Christian A , Lund Herflund G , Sarhaddi Deniz , Chen Kevin
Published: September 2024

Background

Periorbital rejuvenation surgery aims to restore a youthful appearance to the face. Despite the popularity of these procedures, few objective measurements exist to evaluate their impact on perceived facial aging.

Objectives

In this study we aimed to quantify the impact of brow lift and blepharoplasty on age as perceived by convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed on patients who underwent upper blepharoplasty, lower blepharoplasty, and/or brow lift at a single cosmetic practice between 2018 and 2023. Collected data included patient demographics, procedure performed, fat pad resection, and preoperative and postoperative frontal images. Each photograph was analyzed by 4 artificial intelligence (AI) platforms to estimate the change in perceived age following surgery. The estimated age reduction was compared between procedures.

Results

Of the 153 included patients, 118 underwent blepharoplasty, 12 underwent brow lift, and 23 had both blepharoplasty and brow lift. Across all AI platforms, the mean age estimation percentage error was 10.6%, with a tendency for AI to underestimate true age. Univariate analysis revealed an age reduction following any surgery of 1.03 years (P < .001). When controlling for other variables, brow lift patients saw a mean age reduction of 1.432 years (P = .031). Upper and lower blepharoplasty, patient characteristics, and ancillary procedures were not found to be independently associated with significant age reduction.

Conclusions

Brow lifts provide significant reduction in perceived age. When planning for periorbital rejuvenation, a thorough preoperative evaluation should be performed, and additional consideration should be given to brow lifting procedures.

Level of Evidence: 3 (Therapeutic)
From seizure to stability: unveiling the brain’s network changes with anti-seizure medication
Authors: Cook Mark J
Published: September 2024

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Brain network changes after the first seizure: an insight into medication response?’, by Pedersen et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcae328).
Case report: intracoronary stent fracture complicated with coronary abscess and fistulization into the pericardium
Authors: Rusali Constantin Andrei , Cojocaru Lucia , Șerbanescu Ioana Caterina , Scupra Valentin , Iurco Daniela
Published: September 2024

Background

Stent fractures are a rare complication of angioplasties and are an unusual substrate for coronary abscesses.

Case summary

A 63-year-old patient came into the emergency department for ongoing chest pain. The patient had recently undergone coronary stent implantation, 3 months prior. Computed tomography coronary angiography revealed a coronary abscess and stent fracture, with blood effraction into the pericardium. The patient underwent emergency open-heart surgery to clear the infection and perform coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Post-operative outcome was tentatively favourable. The patient suffered acute kidney injury and required haemodialysis.

Discussion

Coronary stent fracture is a rare complication which can be life-threatening and which can lead to severe sequelae.
Whole-genome Sequencing Association Analysis of Quantitative Platelet Traits in A Large Cohort of β-thalassemia
Authors: Wang Xingmin , Zhang Qianqian , Chen Xianming , Huang Yushan , Zhang Wei , Liao Liuhua , Zhang Xinhua , Huang Binbin , Huang Yueyan , Ye Yuhua , Song Mengyang , Lao Jinquan , Chen Juanjuan , Feng Xiaoqin , Long Xingjiang , Liu Zhixiang , Zhu Weijian , Yu Lian , Fan Chengwu , Tang Deguo , Zhong Tianyu , Fang Mingyan , Li Caiyun , Niu Chao , Huang Li , Lin Bin , Hua Xiaoyun , Jin Xin , Li Zilin , Xu Xiangmin
Published: September 2024

Platelet acts as a crucial monitoring indicator for hypercoagulability and thrombosis and a key target for drug regulation. Genotype–phenotype association studies have confirmed that platelet traits are quantitatively regulated by multiple genes. However, there is currently a lack of genetic studies on the heterogeneity of platelet traits in β-thalassemia under hypercoagulable state. Here, we studied the phenotypic heterogeneity of platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in 1020 β-thalassemia patients. We further performed a functionally informed whole genome sequencing association analysis of common variants and rare variants (RVs) for PLT and MPV in 916 patients through integrative analysis of whole-genome sequencing data and functional annotation data. Extreme phenotypic heterogeneity of platelet traits was observed in β-thalassemia patients. Additionally, the common variant based gene-level analysis identified the novel gene of RNF144B associated with MPV. The RV analysis identified several novel associations in both coding and noncoding genome, including missense RVs of PPP2R5C associated with PLT and missense RVs of TSSK1B associated with MPV. In conclusion, we performed a comprehensive and systematic whole genome scan of platelet traits in the β-thalassemia cohort, demonstrating the specificity of genetic regulation of platelet traits in the context of β-thalassemia, providing potential targets for intervention.
Ocean Planning and Conservation in the Age of Climate Change: A Roundtable Discussion
Authors: Frazão Santos C , Agardy T , Crowder L B , Day J C , Himes-Cornell A , Pinsky M L , Reimer J M , Gissi E
Published: September 2024

Synopsis

Over recent years, recognition of the need to develop climate-smart marine spatial planning (MSP) has gained momentum globally. In this roundtable discussion, we use a question-and-answer format to leverage diverse perspectives and voices involved in the study of sustainable MSP and marine conservation under global environmental and social change. We intend this dialogue to serve as a stepping stone toward developing ocean planning initiatives that are sustainable, equitable, and climate-resilient around the globe.
Falls and malnutrition are associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Abedin Nada , Hein Moritz , Queck Alexander , Mücke Marcus M. , Weiler Nina , Pathil Anita , Mihm Ulrike , Welsch Christoph , Bojunga Jörg , Zeuzem Stefan , Herrmann Eva , Dultz Georg
Published: September 2024

Background:

Hospitalized patients with end-stage liver disease are at risk of malnutrition, reduced body function, and cognitive impairment due to HE. This combination may have an impact on in-hospital falls and mortality. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the risk of falls and to analyze the consequences regarding in-hospital mortality.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized with liver cirrhosis between 2017 and 2019 at the Department of Gastroenterology at the University Hospital Frankfurt. Clinical data, laboratory work, and follow-up data were analyzed. Factors associated with the risk of falls and in-hospital mortality were calculated using a mixed effect poisson regression model and competing risk time-to-event analyses.

Results:

Falls occurred with an incidence of 4% (80/1985), including 44 injurious falls with an incidence rate of 0.00005/100 patient-days (95% CI: 0.00001–0.00022). In the multivariate analysis malnutrition (incidence risk ratio: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.04–3.04) and implanted TIPS (incidence risk ratio: 20.09, 95% CI: 10.1–40.1) were independently associated with the risk of falling. In a total of 21/80 (26.25%) hospitalizations, patients with a documented fall died during their hospital stay versus 160/1905 (8.4%) deaths in hospitalizations without in-hospital fall. Multivariable analysis revealed as significant clinical predictors for in-hospital mortality a Nutritional Risk Screening ≥2 (HR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.32–2.4), a falling incident during hospitalization (HR 3.50, 95% CI: 2.04–6.0), high MELD, and admission for infections.

Conclusions:

Malnutrition and TIPS are associated with falls in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis. The in-hospital mortality rate of patients with cirrhosis with falls is high. Specific attention and measures to ameliorate these risks are warranted.
Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome amongst adult residents: A cross-sectional study in a rapidly urbanized Southern Chinese city
Authors: Fu Maozhen , Yang Dandan , Luo Yan , Zou Yuliang
Published: September 2024

We aimed to investigate and summarize dietary patterns and explore the association between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components among adult residents in a rapidly urbanized city. We employed a multi-stage random sampling method to select 1000 adult residents who underwent a comprehensive survey, including questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made when the participant met 3 or more of the 5 criteria outlined in the “2017 Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 diabetes.” Factor analysis and a nonconditioned logistic regression model were used. Nine hundred seventy-five participants with a mean (SD) age of 41.08 (11.06) were included. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 19.4% (n = 189). Significant differences were observed between the MS and non-MS groups in terms of patient characteristics in terms of sex (P < .001), age (P < .001), education (P < .001), marital status (P = .025), smoking (P < .001), and alcohol consumption (P = .044). Three dietary patterns were summarized: traditional, coastal, and meat. The coastal pattern was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of MS (P < .001), elevated blood pressure (P < .001), and high triglyceride levels (P = .03). However, in the multivariate analysis, we found no significant associations between dietary patterns and MS or its components after adjusting the demographic characteristics and behaviors, even when the P-value was close to .05. In this study, we did not find an association between dietary patterns and MS and its components after adjusting covariates as much as possible in Pingshan, Shenzhen, a rapidly urbanized city, but underscore the potential health benefits of the coastal dietary pattern, which highlights the importance of conducting further research for a comprehensive understanding.