bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Management Program for Heart Healthy Behavior Among Middle- and Old-Aged Korean Women at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Shin Nah-Mee , Choi JiWon , Cho InHae , Park Byung-Jun
Published: March 2017

Background:

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been increasing among Koreans, and middle-aged and older women are at risk of metabolic syndrome. Effective strategies to promote lifestyle modification need to be developed.

Objective:

We examined the effects of a self-management program on improving the cardiovascular health status and promoting healthy behaviors among overweight or obese Korean women at risk of metabolic syndrome.

Methods:

A pretest and posttest intervention design was used. Sixty women participated in a group teaching session. They also received a pedometer and a diary for self-monitoring. On the basis of blood test results, women's metabolic syndrome status was identified. Thirty women with metabolic syndrome received additional tailored counseling and weekly follow-up calls for 4 weeks, whereas 30 women without metabolic syndrome did not receive any tailored counseling or follow-up calls. Twenty-three women in the MetS group and 22 women in the non-MetS group completed the posttest.

Results:

Overall, women significantly improved their cardiovascular health status including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, number of metabolic syndrome risk factors, and 10-year risk estimates from pretest to posttest. Seventy-eight percent of the MetS group (n = 18) no longer had metabolic syndrome, whereas 5% of the non-MetS group (n = 1) became to have metabolic syndrome. Women significantly increased frequency and duration of walking per week and significantly decreased the time spent sitting.

Conclusions:

Promoting self-management for healthy behaviors might be effective for obese or overweight women to prevent metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases, if it is tailored to their health needs.
Cochlear Transcriptome Following Acoustic Trauma and Dexamethasone Administration Identified by a Combination of RNA-seq and DNA Microarray
Authors: Maeda Yukihide , Omichi Ryotaro , Sugaya Akiko , Kariya Shin , Nishizaki Kazunori
Published: March 2017

Aim:

To elucidate molecular mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and glucocorticoid therapy in the cochlea.

Background:

Glucocorticoids are used to treat many forms of acute sensorineural hearing loss, but their molecular action in the cochlea remains poorly understood.

Methods:

Dexamethasone was administered intraperitoneally immediately following acoustic overstimulation at 120 dB SPL for 2 hours to mice. The whole cochlear transcriptome was analyzed 12 and 24 hours following noise trauma and dexamethasone administration by both next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq) and DNA microarray. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with more than 2-fold changes after noise trauma and dexamethasone administration were identified. The functions of these DEGs were analyzed by David Bioinformatics Resources and a literature search.

Results:

Twelve hours after acoustic overstimulation, immune-related gene pathways such as “chemokine signaling activity,” “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,” and “cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in the immune system” were significantly changed compared with the baseline level without noise. These DEGs were involved in immune and defense responses in the cochlea. Dexamethasone was administered to this NIHL model, and it modulated gene pathways of “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction” and “cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in the immune system” at 12 hours, compared with saline-injected control. Dexamethasone-dependent DEGs were also involved in immune and defense responses. A literature search showed that 10 other genes associated with hearing functions were regulated by dexamethasone both at 12 and 24 hours post-administration.

Conclusion:

Dexamethasone modulates the immune reaction in the traumatized cochlea following acoustic overstimulation. Dexamethasone may also regulate cochlear functions other than immunity.
Predicting Auditory Outcomes From Radiological Imaging in Cochlear Implant Patients With Cochlear Nerve Deficiency
Authors: Wei Xingmei , Li Yongxin , Chen Biao , Gong Yue , Fu Qian-Jie , Liu Ting , Cui Danmo , Su Qiaotong , Shi Ying
Published: March 2017

Objective:

To compare imaging and outcome data in cochlear implant (CI) patients with and without cochlear nerve deficiency (CND).

Study Design:

Retrospective study comparing presurgical imaging (via high-resolution computed tomography and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging) to postsurgical auditory outcomes in CI patients with and without CND.

Patients:

Forty-three CI patients with CND diagnosed according to preoperative imaging were included in the CND group. A control group (non-CND; n = 43) was matched to the CND group in terms of age at implantation, CI device type, preoperative hearing threshold, and sex.

Results:

Across all subjects, internal auditory canal (IAC) diameter, cochlear nerve canal (CNC) diameter, and the number of nerve bundles were significantly correlated with all auditory outcome measures (p < 0.0125 in all cases). Across CND subjects, CNC diameter was significantly correlated with SIR, MUSS, and MAIS-IT/ MAIS scores (p < 0.0125 in all cases). Auditory outcomes were significantly poorer for CND patients with one rather than two nerve bundles. Across non-CND subjects, CNC diameter was significantly correlated only with SIR scores (p < 0.0125). IAC diameter, CNC diameter, and the number of nerve bundles were significantly smaller, and auditory outcomes were significantly poorer for the CND group than for the non-CND group (p < 0.05 in all cases). Results were similar when data only from patients ≤ 5 years old (n = 31) were analyzed.

Conclusions:

CNC diameter and the number of nerve bundles can significantly predict auditory outcomes for CI patients with CND. The results suggest that presurgical imaging may be useful in predicting CI outcomes for congenitally deaf patients.
Molecular mechanisms that mediate invasion and egress of malaria parasites from red blood cells
Authors: Alaganan Aditi , Singh Pallavi , Chitnis Chetan E.
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review

Malaria parasites invade and multiply in diverse host cells during their complex life cycle. Some blood stage parasites transform into male and female gametocytes that are transmitted by female anopheline mosquitoes. The gametocytes are activated in the mosquito midgut to form male and female gametes, which egress from RBCs to mate and form a zygote. Here, we will review our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate invasion and egress by malaria parasites at different life cycle stages.

Recent findings

A number of key effector molecules such as parasite protein ligands for receptor-engagement during invasion as well as proteases and perforin-like proteins that mediate egress have been identified. Interestingly, these parasite-encoded effectors are located in internal, vesicular organelles and are secreted in a highly regulated manner during invasion and egress. Here, we will review our current understanding of the functional roles of these effectors as well as the signaling pathways that regulate their timely secretion with accurate spatiotemporal coordinates.

Understanding the molecular basis of key processes such as host cell invasion and egress by malaria parasites could provide novel targets for development of inhibitors to block parasite growth and transmission.
A role for intracellular and extracellular DEK in regulating hematopoiesis
Authors: Capitano Maegan L. , Broxmeyer Hal E.
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell fate decision during hematopoiesis is regulated by intracellular and extracellular signals such as transcription factors, growth factors, and cell-to-cell interactions. In this review, we explore the function of DEK, a nuclear phosphoprotein, on gene regulation. We also examine how DEK is secreted and internalized by cells, and discuss how both endogenous and extracellular DEK regulates hematopoiesis. Finally, we explore what currently is known about the regulation of DEK during inflammation.

Recent findings

DEK negatively regulates the proliferation of early myeloid progenitor cells but has a positive effect on the differentiation of mature myeloid cells. Inflammation regulates intracellular DEK concentrations with inflammatory stimuli enhancing DEK expression. Inflammation-induced nuclear factor-kappa B activation is regulated by DEK, resulting in changes in the production of other inflammatory molecules such as IL-8. Inflammatory stimuli in turn regulates DEK secretion by cells of hematopoietic origin. However, how inflammation-induced expression and secretion of DEK regulates hematopoiesis remains unknown.

Understanding how DEK regulates hematopoiesis under both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions may lead to a better understanding of the biology of HSCs and HPCs. Furthering our knowledge of the regulation of hematopoiesis will ultimately lead to new therapeutics that may increase the efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
International Sexual Partnerships May Be Shaped by Sexual Histories and Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Truong Hong-Ha M. , Mehrotra Megha , Montoya Orlando , Lama Javier R. , Guanira Juan V. , Casapía Martín , Veloso Valdiléa G. , Buchbinder Susan P. , Mayer Kenneth H. , Chariyalertsak Suwat , Schechter Mauro , Bekker Linda-Gail , Kallás Esper G. , Grant Robert M.
Published: March 2017

Exchange sex and higher education were associated with an increased likelihood of international sexual partnerships (ISPs). Exchange sex and older age were associated with an increased likelihood of condomless sex in ISPs. Educational and socioeconomic factors may create unbalanced power dynamics that influence exchange sex and condomless sex in ISPs.
Nocebo effects in clinical studies: hints for pain therapy
Authors: Klinger Regine , Blasini Maxie , Schmitz Julia , Colloca Luana
Published: March 2017

Introduction:

Nocebo-induced algesic responses occurring within clinical contexts present a challenge for health care practitioners working in the field of pain medicine.

Objectives:

Following the recent research on algesic nocebo effects, the scope of this review is to develop ethically acceptable strategies to help avoid, or at least reduce, nocebo responses within clinical settings.

Methods:

We reviewed relevant clinical studies that depict how patient-practitioner interactions may contribute to the reduction of nocebo responses.

Results:

A strong algesic nocebo effect may adversely impact a patient's condition by causing decreases in both the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions, as well as by promoting treatment nonadherence and discontinuation. These effects may be triggered through multiple channels and can lead to significant alterations in a patient's perception of pain, consequently producing a weakening of the specific positive effects of pharmacological, psychological, or physical pain-management interventions.

Conclusion:

To minimize nocebo effects in clinical settings, we identified and discussed five contextual aspects relevant to the treatment of patients with chronic pain: (1) negative patient–clinician communication and interaction during treatment; (2) emotional burden of patients during treatment with analgesic medication; (3) negative information provided via informational leaflets; (4) cued and contextual conditioning nocebo effects; and (5) patient's lack of positive information. Through an understanding of these elements, many preventive and ethically acceptable clinical actions can be taken to improve multidisciplinary pain treatment outcomes.
The Patients’ Perspective: Hematological Cancer Patients’ Experiences of Adverse Events as Part of Care
Authors: Bryant Jamie , Carey Mariko , Sanson-Fisher Rob , Turon Heidi , Wei Andrew , Kuss Bryone
Published: March 2017

Objective

To describe in a sample of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of a hematological cancer: (a) the proportion who self-report experiencing an unexpected adverse event as part of their care; (b) how the adverse event was handled by the health-care organization; and (c) the sociodemographic, disease, and treatment characteristics associated with experiencing an adverse event.

Design

Cross sectional survey.

Setting

Three Australian hematological oncology treatment centers.

Participants

Individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of a hematological cancer.

Main Outcome Measures

Participants were asked if they had ever experienced an adverse event in their cancer care. Those who did were asked about their perceptions concerning what the adverse event was related to, how much harm the event caused, who identified the adverse event, and how the health-care organization responded to the adverse event.

Results

Forty-two participants (26.4%) perceived that they had experienced an unexpected adverse event as part of their care. Most were told about the event as soon as it happened (62%) and were given an explanation about why the event occurred (75%). Fewer were given information about how to take the matter further if they wished (43%). Participants who were unemployed, retired, disabled, or performed home duties and those whose employment status was “other” had higher odds of reporting an adverse event than those in full- or part-time employment.

Conclusions

There is a need for routinely querying patients during their treatment regarding the occurrence of unexpected adverse events. In addition, there is a need for improvement in the responses of health-care providers and the health-care system to these events in regard to full disclosure, apology, and options available to the patient for resolution.
Use of corticosteroids for pain control in cancer patients with bone metastases: a comprehensive literature review
Authors: Lim Fiona M.Y. , Bobrowski Adam , Agarwal Arnav , Silva Mauricio F.
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review

Despite a limited understanding of the exact mechanism, corticosteroids are commonly employed for pain control in patients with bone metastases. The aim of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroid-mediated pain control in patients with bone metastases associated with solid cancers.

Recent findings

A literature search was conducted using OVID MEDLINE and Embase databases (from 1946 up to July 19, 2016). Studies involving patients with bone metastases receiving corticosteroids as the primary means of pain control were included. Screening and data extraction were conducted by paired reviewers, with consensus established by discussion, or a third adjudicator. A total of 12 studies were included. Rates of pain relief achieved with corticosteroid use varied from 30 to 70%, but generally reflected moderate pain control. Corticosteroid use significantly reduced the incidence of pain flare alongside radiotherapy, reportedly by almost half of baseline pain severity. Adverse events were not documented consistently across studies, though grade two to three hyperglycemia was noted in approximately 2% of patients by some studies.

Recent evidence suggests that short-term corticosteroid use may provide moderate pain and pain flare control with radiotherapy for patients with bone metastases. The risk of developing adverse effects should be carefully considered prior to therapy initiation on a case-by-case basis.
Guiding the design of bacterial signaling interactions using a coevolutionary landscape
Authors: Cheng R. R. , Haglund E. , Tiee N. , Morcos F. , Levine H. , Adams J. A. , Jennings P. A. , Onuchic J. N.
Published: March 2017

The selection of amino acid identities that encode new interactions between two-component signaling (TCS) proteins remains a significant challenge. Recent work constructed a co-evolutionary landscape that can be used to select mutations to maintain signal transfer interactions betweenpartnerTCS proteins without introducing signal transfer between non-partners (crosstalk). A bigger challenge is to introduce mutations between non-natural partner TCS proteins using the landscape to enhance, suppress, or have a neutral effect on their basal signal transfer rates. This study focuses on the selection of mutations to a response regulator (RR) fromBacilus subtilisand its effect on phosphotransfer with a histidine kinase (HK) fromEscherichia Coli. Twelve single-point mutations of the RR protein are selected from the landscape and experimentally expressed to directly test the theoretical predictions on the effect of signal transfer. Differential Scanning Calorimetry is used to monitor any protein stability effects caused by the mutations, which could be detrimental to proper protein function. Of these proteins, seven mutants successfully perturb phosphoryl transfer activity in the computationally predicted manner between the TCS proteins. Furthermore, brute-force exhaustive mutagenesis approaches indicate that only 1% of mutations result in enhanced activity. In comparison, of the six mutations predicted to enhance phosphotransfer, two mutations exhibit a significant enhancement while two mutations are comparable to the wild-type. Thus co-evolutionary landscape theory offers significant improvement over traditional large-scale mutational studies in the efficiency of selecting mutations for protein engineering and design.
Identification of Candidate Drugs for Heart Failure using Tensor Decomposition-Based Unsupervised Feature Extraction Applied to Integrated Analysis of Gene Expression between Heart Failure and DrugMatrix Datasets
Authors: Taguchi Y-h.
Published: March 2017

Identifying drug target genes in gene expression profiles is not straightforward. Because a drug targets not mRNAs but proteins, mRNA expression of drug target genes is not always altered. In addition, the interaction between a drug and protein can be context dependent; this means that simple drug incubation experiments on cell lines do not always reflect the real situation during active disease. In this paper, I apply tensor decomposition-based unsupervised feature extraction to the integrated analysis of gene expression between heart failure and the DrugMatrix dataset where comprehensive data on gene expression during various drug treatments of rats were reported. I found that this strategy, in a fully unsupervised manner, enables us to identify a combined set of genes and compounds, for which various associations with heart failure were reported.
The Golgi matrix protein giantin is required for normal cilia function in zebrafish
Authors: Bergen Dylan J.M. , Stevenson Nicola L. , Skinner Roderick E.H. , Stephens David J. , Hammond Chrissy L.
Published: March 2017

The Golgi is essential for glycosylation of newly synthesised proteins including almost all cell-surface and extracellular matrix proteoglycans. Giantin, encoded by thegolgb1gene, is a member of the golgin family of proteins that reside within the Golgi stack but its function remains elusive. Loss-of-function of giantin in rats causes osteochondrodysplasia; knockout mice show milder defects, notably a cleft palate. In vitro, giantin has been implicated in Golgi organization, biosynthetic trafficking, and ciliogenesis. Here we show that loss-of-function of giantin in zebrafish, using either morpholino or knockout techniques, causes defects in cilia function. Giantin morphants have fewer cilia in the neural tube and those remaining are longer. Mutants have the same number of cilia in the neural tube but these cilia are also elongated. Scanning electron microscopy shows that loss of giantin results in an accumulation of material at the ciliary tip, consistent with a loss-of-function of retrograde intraflagellar transport. Mutants show milder defects than morphants consistent with adaptation to loss of giantin.

Summary statement

Loss of giantin following either morpholino injection or genome editing in zebrafish results in defects in ciliogenesis.
Strengthening adult community-based cooking skills interventions using realist principles
Authors: Blamey Avril , Gordon Jacki , Newstead Kim , McDowell Jacqueline
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present learning on the strategies used by cooking skills practitioners and the programme theories, behaviour change mechanisms/contexts and intended outcomes associated with these in varied contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

Grey literature from Scottish cooking skills courses were reviewed using realist principles. Intervention implementation variables were identified and iteratively coded to uncover intended intervention strategies and programme theories. The lack of robust evaluation processes and outcome data in the grey literature prevented the testing of intended programme theories against outcomes. Alternatively, implementation strategies were aligned against behavioural-theory constructs contained in national guidance. Prioritised theories were further clarified/refined using practitioner and participant focus group data. Learning was used to inform future practice/evaluation.

Findings

Courses targeted and reached vulnerable individuals. Practitioners articulated multiple theories and assumptions about how strategies may work. Numerous strategies and behaviour constructs were used to target, tailor and reinforce cooking/food and wider social outcomes. Mechanisms were assumed to be triggered by different contexts and lead to varied outcomes. Strategies used were consistent with evidenced behaviour change constructs and guidelines. Interventions aimed to achieve non-cooking/social outcomes as well as cooking ones – including potential mediators of cooking behaviour, e.g. self-confidence. Contexts facilitated/limited the use of certain strategies. Limitations in course design, reporting and self-evaluation need to be addressed.

Practical implications

Recommendations for improving intervention commissioning, design and evaluation using realist principles are provided.

Originality/value

Learning addresses gaps in knowledge about the implementation of cooking skills interventions identified from systematic reviews and can improve course design and evaluation.
Have Irish parents put cooking on the back burner? An Island of Ireland study of the food skills, cooking confidence and practices of parents
Authors: McCloat Amanda , Mooney Elaine , Hollywood Lynsey Elizabeth
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the self-reported food skills, cooking confidence and practices amongst a sample of parents on the Island of Ireland (IOI) and to highlight jurisdictional similarities and differences between Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI).

Design/methodology/approach

Parents (n=363) on the IOI completed a questionnaire exploring confidence levels of food skills, cooking techniques executed and the identification of barriers which might impact on meal preparation. Non-probability convenience sampling was utilised.

Findings

The majority of parents (75 per cent) learned their basic cooking skills from their mother with home economics classes being the second most popular source of learning. There were a number of statistically significant jurisdictional differences. For example, when preparing dinners, NI parents were less likely to enjoy cooking and more likely to use processed foods such as breaded frozen chicken and jars of sauces than ROI (x2=56.167, df=1, p<0.001). Similarly, parents in NI were less likely to involve family members in meal preparation (x2=17.939, df=1, p<0.001). Parents in the ROI reported higher confidence levels than NI parents when cooking from basic ingredients; following a simple recipe and preparing new foods. Over half (51 per cent) of parents identified barriers to cooking with fresh ingredients as: time, cost, busy family life and limited facilities.

Research limitations/implications

Findings indicate that parents would benefit from exposure to practical food skills intervention focussed on quick, nutritious family meals while simultaneously developing parents’ culinary skills and cooking confidence in home cooked meal preparation.

Originality/value

There is a lack of information pertaining to food skills and cooking confidence amongst parents on the IOI.
Evaluating the effectiveness of a community-based dietary intervention in Nottingham
Authors: Orr Jemma , McCamley Alison
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Eatwell for Life (EWL) programme, with a particular focus on longer term effectiveness in terms of dietary behaviour and the wider impact. EWL is a six-week community-based dietary intervention which aims to increase nutritional knowledge, cooking confidence and provide the necessary skills to support behavioural change in relation to eating a balanced diet. There have been many evaluations of community-based dietary interventions, but most focus on brief measures and changes examined at the end of each course.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed method evaluation was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire, focus groups and semi-structured telephone interviews. A follow-up evaluation was conducted at 3, 6 and 12 months with a purposive sample of EWL participants.

Findings

A total of 66 participants completed both pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. A total of 22 participants took part in the qualitative follow-up evaluation. The mixed method evaluation demonstrates improvements in participants’ fruit and vegetable consumption and a reduction in participants’ sugar consumption. Qualitative data highlight key themes such as “cooking from basic ingredients”, “knowledge of key healthy eating messages”, “changes in eating, cooking and shopping habits” and “wider influences on family and friends’ diets”.

Originality/value

This paper is useful to public health nutritionists and other practitioners delivering community-based dietary and cooking skills programmes and those commissioning such provision. It contributes to existing evidence of sustained change over time targeting those in areas of high deprivation.
School-age cooking program assessment has face validity
Authors: Wayman Elizabeth , Komine Tessa , Lohse Barbara , Cunningham-Sabo Leslie
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Children’s cooking abilities are correlated with increased self-efficacy (SE) for selecting healthy foods and increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. Instruments that measure outcomes of nutrition education programs require psychometric assessment for face validity. Survey items related to cooking experience (CE), SE, and attitude used in a school-based cooking program were assessed for face validity. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

Cognitive interviews were conducted with children who had completed third to fifth grades in Northern Colorado, USA. Interviews were examined using content analysis to derive categories for children’s concepts of cooking and making food and to assess survey item comprehension.

Findings

In total, 24 children participated. Most were white, non-Hispanic/Latino and half had most recently completed fourth grade. Categories related to “making food” and “cooking” included foods prepared with and without a heat source, baked goods/desserts, and activities used in meal/food preparation. Most participants comprehended the survey items and provided responses that were congruent with operational definitions established from identified themes, demonstrating face validity with this sample.

Practical implications

Children’s concepts of “cooking,” although robust, show interpersonal variation requiring a prudent approach toward intervention evaluation and supporting use of these face valid survey items. Consider revisions of survey items that add frequency qualifiers and explicit cooking examples as appropriate.

Originality/value

This study addresses a gap in the literature on children’s understanding of cooking and offers face valid survey items to measure CEs, skill, and attitudes.
Construct validity of Brazilian cooking skills and healthy eating questionnaire by the known-groups method
Authors: Jomori Manuela Mika , Proença Rossana Pacheco da Costa , Echevarria-Guanilo Maria Elena , Bernardo Greyce Luci , Uggioni Paula Lazzarin , Fernandes Ana Carolina
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of the construct validity by the known-groups method of a Brazilian cooking skills and healthy-eating questionnaire.

Design/methodology/approach

Responses obtained from university students (n=767) for Brazilian-Portuguese cooking skills and health eating questionnaire, surveyed online, were submitted to construct validity comparing two known groups. The t-test was used to compare differences between gender (male and female) and the level of cooking knowledge (high or low) in each measure of the questionnaire. Internal consistency was evaluated by obtaining the Cronbach’s coefficient.

Findings

Women showed significantly higher means than men in all scale measures, except in the self-efficacy for using basic cooking techniques (SECT), where no differences were found. Students classified as having high cooking knowledge and had higher score means in all scales compared to the students with low levels. Internal consistency was adequate for all scales (a>0.70), except for cooking attitude (CA) (a=0.33) and cooking behavior (CB) scales (a=0.59).

Research limitations/implications

SECT likely depends on cooking knowledge, independent of gender, suggesting further examination. Items and structure of CA and CB constructs also need to be examined more deeply.

Practical implications

A validated cooking skills and health-eating questionnaire demonstrated its ability to detect differences between groups, useful to provide data for further interventions.

Originality/value

No available cooking skills questionnaires were found that have been validated by the known-groups method regarding differences between gender and individuals’ level of cooking knowledge, as conducted in this study.
Functional, organic or conventional? Food choices of health conscious and skeptical consumers
Authors: Gineikiene Justina , Kiudyte Justina , Degutis Mindaugas
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore how health consciousness and skepticism toward health claims are related to perceived healthiness and willingness to buy functional food (i.e. functional yogurt) compared to conventional and organic (bio) food.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey of 295 consumers was conducted in Lithuania. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings

Research findings indicate that health conscious consumers tend to discount messages about the health value of functional food and show preferences for organic food. In contrast, skepticism toward health claims has a higher negative homogenous impact on the perceived healthiness of functional, organic and conventional products compared to health consciousness. On the other hand, skepticism toward health claims does not directly reduce consumers’ willingness to buy functional, organic and conventional products.

Research limitations/implications

Testing other settings, product categories, additional constructs and understanding underlying processes using an experimental design may help to gain more insights into how health conscious and skeptical consumers make food choices.

Practical implications

An examination of health consciousness and skepticism toward health claims can provide at least a partial explanation as to why many functional food products fail to gain consumer confidence.

Originality/value

Based on the reactance theory, the study sheds some light on the understanding of how different psychosocial factors are related to consumer attitudes toward functional, organic and conventional food.
Entrepreneurial orientation elements in the Polish international new ventures
Authors: Kowalik Izabela , Danik Lidia , Sikora Tomasz
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop the international entrepreneurship theory, by examining the entrepreneurial characteristics of international new venture (INV) originating in Poland. Furthermore, it is assessed in the study whether these characteristics relate to the performance of INVs, considering the role of the age of the company.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected via a CATI survey of 105 Polish small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), conforming to the early internationalization criteria, and 128 gradually internationalized SMEs. Student’st-tests, correlation and, regression analysis were applied for group comparisons and relationship testing.

Findings

The Polish INVs are characterized by higher innovativeness and risk propensity than gradual exporters. Moreover, medium-strength correlations between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) elements and performance were found. The regression analysis proved that new product introduction, risk taking, and experience influence INV performance.

Research limitations/implications

The sample includes Polish SMEs from one sector. Moreover, most of the analyzed companies admitted being successful abroad, which may have influenced the study results.

Practical implications

Fast launching of new products and product development are important for quick expansion. A conciliatory approach to competitors is associated with better performance. Regarding the policy makers, the development of “breakthrough innovations” might not be as important as assisting the INVs in product launches.

Originality/value

An under-researched topic of EO of SMEs from a post-transformation market and its relationships with performance is explored. Moreover, the correlation of the company’s age and experience with success is studied.
The job demands and resources as antecedents of work engagement
Authors: Saari Tiina , Melin Harri , Balabanova Evgeniya , Efendiev Azer
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine work engagement and its antecedents in two countries: Finland and Russia. The job demands-resources model provides the background theory for the analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design. The data were analysed using descriptive methods and stepwise logistic regression analysis.

Findings

The overall level of work engagement was higher in Finland than in Russia. The opportunity to learn new skills at work was the strongest predictor of work engagement in both countries. The most significant difference was that once job demands and resources were taken into account, the managerial position had a strong effect on work engagement in Russia, while in Finland it had no significant effect.

Practical implications

Knowledge about the antecedents of work engagement and especially the strong effect of opportunities to learn new skills could encourage organisations to provide their employees with development opportunities throughout their careers.

Originality/value

This study adds to the limited comparative research on work engagement and its predictors.
How do linking, leveraging and learning capabilities influence the entry mode choice for multinational firms from emerging markets?
Authors: Li Wen , Guo Bin , Xu Gangxiang
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Based on the linkage-leverage-learning (LLL) framework developed by Mathews (2006), the purpose of this paper is to examine how linking, leveraging and learning capabilities influence the choice of foreign-entry mode, and the way such influences are contingent on context factors in the emerging markets.

Design/methodology/approach

Contrary to a prior literature applying the LLL framework, which mainly used case studies, this paper adopts a quantitative approach and is based on a sample of 321 Chinese listed companies to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results show that multinational firms from emerging markets (EMFs) with stronger LLL capabilities are more likely to choose the wholly owned mode in foreign entries. In addition, the relationship between linking capability and wholly owned entry mode choice is weaker at higher levels of cultural distance between home and host country. At the same time, the relationship between learning capability and wholly owned entry mode choice is weaker at higher levels of cultural distance between home and host country, and of institutional distance between prior entries and the focal entry.

Research limitations/implications

An entry mode strategy for firms without ownership advantages and the identification of boundary conditions for applying different LLL capabilities are recommended. The generalizability of the findings from a single-country setting still needs further validation with other emerging economies.

Originality/value

This paper treats internationalization of firms from emerging countries with a different perspective. The underlying idea in this study is that internationalization is not only a process for EMFs to utilize externally accessible assets abroad, but also a process of simultaneously combining internationalization with experiential learning and capability utilization in overseas markets. In addition, the authors also contribute to the literature by providing strong empirical evidence for validating the LLL model and extending the existing entry mode studies.
The relative importance of type of education and subject area: empirical evidence for educational decisions
Authors: Pfister Curdin , Tuor Sartore Simone N. , Backes-Gellner Uschi
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence for individual educational investment decisions and to investigate the relative importance of two factors, the type of education (vocational vs academic) and subject area (e.g. commercial or health), in determining variance in earnings.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a sample of 1,200 individuals based on the 2011 Swiss Adult Education Survey, Mincer-type earnings equations are estimated. The variance in earnings is decomposed with respect to the two factors mentioned above, which allows to quantify the relative contributions of type of education and subject area to variance in earnings.

Findings

The results of the variance decomposition show that subject area explains nearly twice the variance in earnings compared with that explained by type of education.

Social implications

As results show that earnings variance – and thereby risk – relate more to subject area than to type of education, this study suggests that for individuals caring about the risk of their educational decision the selection of a specific subject area is more relevant than the choice between vocational and academic tracks; in addition, educational policies as part of HRM policies should devote as much attention to the choice of subject areas as to vocational or academic education. This is especially important for companies or countries planning to introduce or to extend vocational education as part of their human resources strategies.

Originality/value

This study is the first to show whether earnings vary more by type of education or by subject area.
Control systems in outsourcing new product development: role of globalization and digitizability
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Roy Subroto
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to propose that the nature and degree of control during new product development (NPD) outsourcing depends upon its initiation stage or implementation stage; second, to delineate the moderating effect of globalization and digitizability that further influence the link between NPD stage and control systems.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors propose a conceptual framework and develop a series or propositions.

Findings

The nature and degree of control systems required in NPD is contingent upon the stage of the NPD process and this relationship is moderated by the degree of globalization and digitizability.

Research limitations/implications

The paper offers a conceptual platform that can be explored in future empirical research. The paper offers a series of propositions as well as measurement items to enable this task.

Practical implications

The research underscores the idea that instituting appropriate control systems in outsourcing NPD is a complex process that requires careful consideration of the nature of the activity, the nature of the control and firm strategy.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to conceptually examine the domain of the three-way intersection of NPD stage-gate process, outsourcing relationships and control systems. By doing so, the authors extend each of the three individual research domains in new directions as well as enhance the understanding of the interrelationships among these three domains.
Climate change and the African livestock sector
Authors: Muchuru Shepherd , Nhamo Godwell
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate and review adaptation measures in the livestock sector from 21 African countries through literature survey and grounded theory approaches. The adaptation themes that emerged captured essence of measures and experience drawn from varied country submissions and contexts instituted to make the livestock sector climate compatible in as far as adaptation is concerned.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature survey approach was used on the impacts of climate change on livestock and a review of the submitted adaptation measures. The study used grounded theory approach to derive meaning from the retrieved information. The grounded theory was derived inductively through systematic collection and analysis of data pertaining to the submitted National Communications reports. The retrieved themes were then examined and interpreted to give meaning and draw conclusions through coding, conceptualizing, categorizing and theorizing.

Findings

Results identify eight adaptation themes: carrying capacity and policies; integrated pasture management; capacity building, extension, training, awareness and information sharing; livestock breeding, diversification and intensification; disease, vectors and parasites management; technology, innovation, research and development; alternative livelihood; and water supply. The findings show that African Governments have been implementing effective adaptation measures for food security through building a climate resilient livestock production system.

Originality/value

This study is one of the first to lead to recommendations that decision- and policymakers, private sectors, relevant stakeholders and government officials and scientists should play a key role in ensuring that adaptation measures reach farmers, herders at grassroots level. In addition, governments should create an enabling environment (policies) in climate change adaptation to improve food security. These recommendations might be helpful in many communities where adaptation to climate change is a pressing issue.
Residential property price-stock price nexus in Hong Kong: new evidence from ARDL bounds test
Authors: Lee Koon Nam Henry
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the cointegration and causality relationships between Hong Kong’s residential property price and stock price, using quarterly data, from the 1st quarter of 1980 to the 3rd quarter of 2015.

Design/methodology/approach

In contrast to other studies, the cointegration test used is the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration (bounds testing) approach of Pesaranet al.(2001) that based on the estimation of an unrestricted error correction model and the causality test is based on non-causality test of Grangeret al.(2000). Moreover, this research employs recursive least square procedures and Chow (1960) breakpoint test to detect unknown structural break and variation of relationships between residential property and stock price over the whole sample period.

Findings

The results of ARDL cointegration tests running from stock to residential property markets provide strong evidence to support the hypothesis that the stock and residential properties are cointegrated. The results of Grangeret al.(2000) non-causality test support the view of wealth effect that stock price has an important causal effect on residential property price in Hong Kong but not vice versa. In addition, the results of recursive ordinary least squares coefficients estimates and Chow (1960) test (breakpoint test) for structural instability confirm the variation of the relationships between stock and residential property markets over the sample period.

Research limitations/implications

The empirical results from cointegration and causality tests suggest that the residential asset returns are better predicted by including the lagged difference values of stock price.

Originality/value

This is the pioneering study to examine the cointegration and causality study of stock and residential property price in Hong Kong by employing Pesaran ARDL cointegration approach and Granger non-causality approach. Investors are able to perform an effective evaluation to assist in allocating investment funds, and the government bodies can implement supplement housing policy in response to the public needs.
Is the effect of high voltage transmission lines undervalued?
Authors: Callanan Judith
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the discount placed on high voltage overhead transmission lines is underestimated.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative analysis was undertaken, using a high voltage overhead transmission line (HVOTL) case study, to determine the effect on property values prior and post removal of the HVOTL structure. Sales data and demographics are compared to determine the change in neighbourhood characteristics.

Findings

The results show that while the HVOTL is in place, the impact on value is confined to those properties in close proximity. This is in contradiction to the findings, where on removal of the HVOTL, the property values of the whole neighbourhood improve significantly.

Research limitations/implications

The implication of this research is that property valuers (appraisers) need to change the way they take into account the presence of HVOTLs when valuing property, with more emphasis, being placed on the neighbourhood rather than just the properties in close proximity. While the HVOTL was in place, only properties in close proximity were negatively affected, but on removal of the HVOTL the whole neighbourhood increased in value.

Originality/value

Results expand on current knowledge by demonstrating the difference between the discount rate that the valuers apply to the presence of the HVOTL, as compared to the positive impact to the whole neighbourhood on removal of the HVOTL.