bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF STEM-BARK EXTRACT OF OKOUBAKA AUBREVILLIE ON SOME VISCERAL ORGANS OF WISTAR RATS
Authors: Peter Achukwu U , Silas Ufelle A , Kenechukwu Onyekwelu C , Millicent Amadi N , Ngozika Achukwu O , Francis Amadi N
Published: May 2018

Background: Over the past two decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the use of herbal medicine; however, these herbs have not been properly evaluated to ascertain their effect on the body organs.

Materials and Methods: Effects of stem bark extract of Okoubaka aubrevillie on some visceral organs were investigated in Wistar rats. For acute toxicity testing, Wistar rats (n=16), grouped into 4, (A-D) orally received graded doses of Okoubaka aubrevillie extract and deaths recorded within 24 hours. For sub-acute study, Wistar rats (n=20) grouped into 5, (A-E) orally received graded doses of Okoubaka aubrevillie extract for 31 days. Blood samples were collected from each rat through retro-orbital puncture for biochemical analysis. The liver, kidney and stomach were excised and processed for light microscopy. For toxin inhibition studies, Wistar rats (n=24) grouped into 6 (A-F), were used. Groups A-C and D-F orally received graded doses of Dichlorvos. Groups A-C further received Okoubaka aubrevillie extract while D-F received water and death records observed.

Results: For acute toxicity testing, lethal dose (LD50) of 7500 mg/kg body weight was obtained from the inverse of the log-dose. Sub-acute studies revealed significantly elevated mean body weight in group A (210 ± 4.5 gram) compared to control (178 ± 5.0 gram), (p
Total Femoral Replacement as a Salvage Operation for the Treatment of Massive Femoral Bone Loss During Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: DeRogatis Michael J. , Issack Paul S.
Published: May 2018

* Revision hip arthroplasty is being performed with increasing frequency in the United States. One of the major challenges during these procedures is addressing associated femoral bone loss.

* Varying degrees of proximal metaphyseal and diaphyseal bone loss may be treated with reconstruction techniques involving extensively porous-coated stems, distally based modular stems, and proximal femoral replacement. When diaphyseal bone loss extends beyond the isthmus of the femur with little support for a stem, reconstruction with replacement of the entire femur, hip, and knee (total femoral replacement) may be indicated.

* Total femoral replacement is best indicated for older patients with massive loss of bone stock that makes them unsuitable for less-extensive reconstruction methods. The procedure is technically demanding and is associated with a high risk of complications, including major blood loss, deep infection, dislocation, and mechanical implant failure.

* In appropriately selected patients, total femoral replacement can provide a successful salvage of an otherwise unreconstructible femur. (Previously, the only options available in such cases were nonoperative treatment, resection arthroplasty, or amputation.) In several case series, total femoral replacement has demonstrated good pain relief and improved function at intermediate to long-term follow-up.
Cr Katkılı ZnS Kuantum Noktalarının Karakterizasyonu ve Fotovoltaik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: HOROZ Sabit
Published: May 2018

Saf ve Cr katkılı ZnS kuantum nokta (QD) ‘larının yapısal, optiksel, manyetiksel ve fotovoltaik özelliklerioda sıcaklığında incelendi. Saf ve Cr katkılı ZnS QD’ler içerisinde herhangi bir karışık faz bulunmadığı veQD’lerin kübik yapıya sahip olduğu X-ışını kırınımı analizi ile doğrulandı. UV-visible absorpsiyon spektrumu ileCr katkılı QD’lere ait dalga boylarının saf ZnS QD’lere nazaran mavi kayma gösterdiği gözlemlendi. Baska birdeyişle, ZnS QD’lerin yasak enerji aralığı Cr ile katkılandığında artış gösterdiği tespit edildi. Manyetik histerezisölçümleri ile, Cr katkılı ZnS QD’lerin, süperparamanyetik davranış sergiledikleri gösterildi. Ayrıca, Saf ve Crkatkılı ZnS QD’lerin fotovoltaik özellikleri uyarılmış foton dönüşüm verimi (IPCE) ölçümleri ile incelendi. Eldeedilen sonuçlar, Cr katkılı ZnS QD’lerin güneş pillerinin performansını artırmak için duyarlaştırıcı olarak kullanılabileceğinigöstermektedir.
Kış Yoğurdu
Authors: KÖSE Şenol
Published: May 2018

Kış yoğurdu ülkemizin Van, Sivas, Hatay illeri ile Akdeniz Bölgesinin bazı illerinde daha çok küçük işletmelerdeve kırsal kesimde yaşayan aileler tarafından geleneksel yöntemlerle üretilen konsantre bir yoğurt çeşididir.Bu yoğurt değişik bölgelerimizde; tuzlu yoğurt, güz yoğurdu ve pişmiş yoğurt adıyla bilinmektedir. Kış yoğurdugenellikle, Van ili çevresinde koyun sütü veya koyun sütü ile inek sütü karışımından üretilmektedir. Bu yoğurdunüretimi bölgelere göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada kış yoğurdunun üretimi, bileşimi ve mikrobiyolojiközellikleri üzerine yapılan araştırmalar derlenmiştir.
Hidrate Edimiş Uleksit Mineralinin Borik Asit Çözeltisindeki Kinetik Parametrelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇALIMLI Mehmet Harbi , TUNÇ Mehmet
Published: May 2018

Bor bileşiklerinin üretiminde kullanılan Uleksit çok önemli bir bor mineralidir. Bu çalışmada hidrateedilmiş uleksit minerali ve orginal mineralinin borik asit çözeltisindeki kinetik parametreleri incelenmiştir. DTAdiyagramına göre 170 oC’ye kadar mineral yapısında değişim olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu sıcaklık aralığında çözünmekinetiğinin arttığı gözlendi. SEM görüntülerinden 170 oC’ye kadar mineral gözeneklerinde açılmaların arttığı, busıcaklıktan sonra ise azaldığı gözlemlendi. Orijinal uleksite ait kinetik parametreler değerlendirildi. Mineralin borikasitteki çözünme kinetiği aşağıda ki gibi bulundu;1-(1-X)-1 = [2.02(Rp)-1,013[CA]0 0,4579(S.L-1)-0650(M.S)0,0545e-2649,12T-1].t
(1-naftilmetiliden)izonikotinohidrazid molekülünün yapısal ve elektronik özelliklerinin teorik olarak incelenmesi
Authors: UĞURLU Güventürk , NECEFOĞLU Hacali
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada, (1-naftilmetiliden)izonikotinohidrazid molekülünün (I) kararlı konformerlerini belirlemekiçin, çalışılan molekülün konformasyon analizi Yoğunluk Fonksiyonel Teorisi (DFT/B3LYP) metodu ile6-311++G(d,p) temel seti kullanılarak incelendi. Bu molekülün iki kararlı durum konformerleri (C-I ve C-II)bulundu ve bu konformerler Hartree Fock HF/6-311++G(d,p) ve B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) teori düzeyinde ve temelseti ile optimize edildi. Hesaplama sonuçları, I molekülünün en kararlı konformerinin C-I olduğunu gösterdi. Tabandurumundaki C-I ve C-II konformerler için, dipol moment (μ), polarizebilite (α), birinci-derece hiperpolarizebilite(β), en yüksek dolu molekül orbital enerjileri (), en düşük boş molekül orbital enerjileri () ve enerji farkı () heriki modelde 6-311++G (d,p) taban seti kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu enerjiler dikkate alınarak sertlik (η) veelektronegatiflik (χ) parametreleri hesaplandı. Ayrıca, elde edilen optimize yapı ile GIAO yöntemine göre 1H-NMRve 13C-NMR kimyasal kayma değerleri B3LYP / 311 + + G (2d, p) ve Hartree Fock HF / 6-31G teori düzeyindehesaplandı. C-I ve C-II konformerleri için dipol moment değerleri, sırasıyla B3LYP / 6-311 ++ G (d, p) ile 2.05ve 2.32 ve HF / 6-311 ++ G (d, p) 1.94 ve 2.32 Debye bulundu. I molekülünün yapısal parametreleri, literatürdekiverilerle karşılaştırıldı.
Keyfi Aralıkta Sürekli Fonksiyonlar İçin S-İterasyon Metodunun Yakınsaklığı
Authors: KARAHAN İbrahim
Published: May 2018

Bu makalede keyfi bir aralıkta tanımlanan sürekli fonksiyonların sabit noktalarını bulmak için S-iterasyonuele alınmıştır. Bu iterasyonun yakınsaması için gerek ve yeter şartlar verilmiştir. Ayrıca sürekli ve azalmayandönüşümler için S-iterasyonunun diğer bazı itersayonlardan daha hızlı yakınsadığı ispatlanmıştır. S iterasyonuiçin verilen Lemma 3 ün ispat yönteminin Mann gibi diğer iterasyonlar için verilen ispat yöntemlerinden farklıolduğuna dikkat edilmelidir.
Yeni 1H-Pirazol-4-(5H)-il Diazen Türevlerinin Sentezi ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KURT Havva , ÇETİN Adnan , BOZARI Sedat
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada, ilk olarak başlangıç maddesi olan etil 1-(4-bromofenil)-2-(1,3,5-trifenil-1H-pirazol-4-(5H)-ilden)hidrazinin (1) sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen başlangıç maddesi çeşitli hidrazinlerle etkileştirilerekbir seri yeni 1H-pirazol-4-il diazen (2a-h) türevleri sentezlendi. Sentezlenen bileşikler elementel analiz, IR veNMR gibi spektral yöntemlerle karakterize edildi. Sentezlenen bileşiklerin antibakteriyel aktiviteleri Gram (+)ve Gram (-) bakteriler üzerinde disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanılarak araştırıldı. Kontrol grubu olarak Gentamisin,Cefotaxime antibiyotikleri kullanılırken sentezlenen bileşiklerin kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında herhangi birdozun antibakteriyel aktivite göstermediği gözlendi.
Iğdır İlinde Tüketicilerin Komşu Ülkelerden Gelen Gıda Ürünlerini Ayırt Edip Edememe Durumunun Satın Alma Kararlarına ve Satın Alma Davranışlarına Etkisi
Authors: GÜRSOY Ayşe Karadağ , KARLI Bahri
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Iğdır ili merkez ilçede komşu ülkelerden gelen gıda ürünleriniayırt edip edememe durumunun tüketicilerin satın alma davranışlarını analiz etmektir. Araştırmakapsamında 198 katılımcıdan yüz yüze anket yöntemiyle elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır.Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, tüketicilerin %74.75’i sınır ticareti ya da kaçak yollarla gelenürünleri diğer ürünlerden ayırt edebilmektedir. Fiyatı aynı olan bir ürünü satın alırken sınırticareti ve kaçak yollarla gelen ürün olmasının satın alma kararlarına olan etkisi incelenmiştir.Bu ürünler hakkında bilgi sahibi olma durumu tüketicilerin %44.45’inin satın alma kararlarınıetkilerken, tüketicilerin %44.95’inin satın alma kararlarını etkilememektedir. Bu çalışmaylaIğdır ili şehir merkezinde yaşayan tüketicilerin sınır ticareti ve kaçak yollarla gelen ürünleridiğer ürünlerden ayırt edebilme durumunun hem satın alma kararlarına hem de satın almadavranışlarına etkisi incelenmiştir.
Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Organik Hayvancılığa Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: ÇELİKYÜREK Hasan , KARAKUŞ Kadir
Published: May 2018

Son yıllarda dünya ülkelerinde organik üretim için gereken faaliyetler hız kazanmıştır. Dünya da dönüşümalanları dâhil 50,9 milyon hektar organik tarım arazisi bulunmaktadır. En büyük tarım alanına sahip Okyanusya% 45 (22,8 milyon hektar)’lik bir pay ile birinci sırada gelmektedir. 2015 yılı verilerine göre organik tarım yapanüretici sayısı Avrupa’da 350 000; Avrupa Birliği’nde ise 270 000’dir. AB’de en çok üreticiye sahip ülke İtalya (52609 üretici); Avrupa’da ise Türkiye (69 967 üretici)’dir. Türkiye bu sayı ile Avrupa ve Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri içindebirinci sırada yer almaktadır. Türkiye organik tarım alanı bakımından, Avrupa ülkeleri arasında (486 069 hektarlık)9’uncu sırada yer almaktadır. 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında organik üretim yapılan hayvan sayısında % 11,6, et toplamında% 47,6 ve süt toplamında % 64 oranında bir azalma olurken, organik yumurta toplamında % 22,7 oranında bir artışgözlenmiştir. Organik bal üretimi yapan çiftçi sayısında % 25,2 ve kovan sayısında ise % 25,4 oranında bir azalmagörülmektedir. Buna karşın toplam bal üretiminde % 96,1’lik bir artış söz konusudur. Türkiye’de son üç yıl içerisindeorganik üretimdeki hayvan sayılarında büyük bir azalma olsa da, 2007 ile 2015 yılları karşılaştırıldığında Avrupaülkeleri arasında büyük bir artış payına sahiptir. Türkiye organik tarımda çok büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Ancakbu potansiyel doğru politikalarla değerlendirilmezse, sektörde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması çok zor olacaktır.
Ecological water requirements of wetlands in the middle and lower reaches of the Naoli River
Authors: Liu JianWei , Wang Tianxiang , Zhou Qiang
Published: May 2018

In the last few decades, the wetland area of the Sanjiang Plain in northeast China has shrunk severely. To provide a scientific basis for the protection and restoration of wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain, Landsat TM images of 13 typical years of four well-preserved and contiguous wetlands are interpreted by remote sensing technology in the Sanjiang Plain of the Naoli River Drainage Basin. According to the results of the interpretation, the calculation of the minimum and the optimal ecological water requirements of the four wetlands was carried out by combining ecology with remote sensing technology. At the same time, considering the rainfall and surface runoff at different guarantee rates, the artificial recharge of four wetlands was calculated according to the principle of water balance. The results indicate that the wetland area decreased significantly from 1984 to 2013, and natural inflow of water cannot meet the actual water requirements of wetlands. The calculated artificial recharge of the four reserves provides technical support for replenishment of wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain, and lays a good foundation for the restoration of wetland ecosystems in the Sanjiang Plain. At the same time, it also provides a good habitat for rare waterfowl.
Phycoremediation of textile wastewater using indigenous microalgae
Authors: Aragaw Tadele Assefa , Asmare Abraham M.
Published: May 2018

The recognition that environmental pollution is a worldwide threat to public health and environmental degradation has given rise to new initiatives for environmental restoration for both economic and ecological reasons. There are several methods to treat the dye contaminated industrial wastewater; of which biological treatment methods are economical and environmentally friendly. The bacteria and fungi remediation of dye pollutants has been well characterized over a period of more than 30 years. So, finding other biological methods in addition to bacteria and fungi is great important in the world. As a result, investigating and evaluating Phycoremediation techniques of dye wastewater (bioremediation using Microalgae) have gained a great deal of attention because of their versatility and capacity than bacteria and fungi. The aim of the research is to study Phycoremediation of Textile Wastewater Using indigenous Microalgae.

Physico-chemical parameters such as color, pH, total dissolved solid (TDS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand of the waste were determined with ASTM standard methods before and after bioremediation. Photo bioreactor systems were used for Phycoremediation treatment techniques. PH, incubation time and temperature effects were determined on a photo bioreactor treatment and optimal experimental condition was ascertained. Instrumental analytical techniques (UV-Vis, FTIR) were used to determine percent decolorizations of dye wastewater before and after bioremediation; and the actual break down of the dye functional groups.

The maximum reductions of the basic parameters; COD, BOD and TDS were obtained 91.50%, 91.90% and 89.10% respectively. The optimum operating conditions in the photo bioreactor system were found incubation time 20 days, 30°C; with 10% of inoculums at a pH of 8. Under these conditions, a maximum of 82.6% decolorization was achieved in 20 days. The experimental investigations evidently tell us algae undoubtedly have the potential to rapidly, efficiently and effectively remove dyes wastewater.
The effect of calcium on biofilm formation in dairy wastewater
Authors: Dixon M. J. L. , Flint S. H. , Palmer J. S. , Love R. , Chabas C. , Beuger A. L.
Published: May 2018

Biofilm formation in dairy wastewater system irrigation pipes can reduce treatment capacity, increasing maintenance and cleaning costs. Understanding the effect of different components in the wastewater on growth and yield of bacteria present could help prevent excessive build-up of biofilms. This study investigated, in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, the effect of calcium, sodium and magnesium concentrations on growth rates, yields and saturation constants of four known biofilm forming bacteria associated with the blockage of an irrigation system. The ions tested (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+) varied growth rates with biofilm growth in the presence of calcium being significantly slower (P < 0.05) than planktonic growth in sodium. Along with the slower growth, the addition of Ca2+ (up to 0.1 M) increased biofilm formation while addition over 0.5 M prevented biofilm formation. Knowing the nutritional requirements of the bacteria and the effects of the ions will be useful in predicting the growth, development and strategies in controlling biofilm formation in dairy wastewater.
Kinetic modeling of lead removal in a resin column–parameters evaluation
Authors: Rajamohan N. , Al Gharibi Amira , Rajasimman M.
Published: May 2018

Lead contamination of water streams, a potential threat to ecosystem, was treated using a cation exchange resin under continuous conditions in a upflow column. The optimal pH for maximum lead removal was identified through the batch experiments. Neutral pH was found to be favorable due to non-existence of competing hydrogen ions and absence of hydroxide containing precipitate formations. The effects of flow rates (4.0 to 8.0 mL/ min) and the resin bed depth (6 to 18 cm) were studied under optimal pH and fixed initial lead concentration of 50 mg/L. The breakthrough curves were plotted and analyzed in detail. Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) and Thomas model were fitted to the experimental data and the model parameters were determined. The maximum exchange capacity of the bed (q0) was determined as 14.60 mg/g at a flow rate of 4 mL/min and a bed height of 12 cm and the Thomas model constant decreased with decrease in flow rate. BDST model parameters, namely, N0 and Ka, increased with increase in flow rates. BDST proved to be a better fit compared to Thomas model under the entire range of operating conditions tested.
A Rare Opportunity in a Rare Disease
Authors: Mathai Stephen C.
Published: May 2018

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature, characterized by vessel remodeling that leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular failure, and ultimately, death. While PH is somewhat simply defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) on right heart catheterization (RHC) of greater than or equal to 25 mm Hg, the clinical, pathobiologic, and physiologic manifestations of the disease, and its subsequent impact on an individual patient, vary greatly. For example, while PH is defined by an elevated mPAP, current guidelines classify PH into 5 major categories, each with numerous subcategories based on clinical and physiologic features.1 Accordingly, proper classification of an individual patient requires an extensive evaluation that includes pulmonary function testing, submaximal exercise testing, several imaging studies, overnight oximetry, echocardiography, and ultimately, RHC. PH, regardless of etiology, imparts significant burden on patients, causing severe functional limitations and negatively impacting survival. Historically, in the era prior to the availability of specific pulmonary vasodilator therapies to treat patients with the rarest form of PH, pulmonary arterial hypertension, median survival was around 2 years.2 With the advent of targeted medical therapies over the past 30 years, the median survival has improved to more than 7 years.3 However, with these advances in therapies and the expanding availability of lung transplantation for most forms of PH, the complexity of care for patients with this disease has increased exponentially.
The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry: Rationale, Design, and Role in Quality Improvement
Authors: Gray Michael P. , Kawut Steven M.
Published: May 2018

The Pulmonary Hypertension Association (PHA) Scientific Leadership Council (SLC) prioritized the development of the PH Care Centers (PHCC) initiative in part to identify centers that adhere to expert consensus diagnostic and treatment guidelines in both community and academic practice settings, decreasing the chances of misdiagnosis and inappropriate medical management. The overall goal of the PHCC is to improve outcomes of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). It is generally accepted that measurement of processes and outcomes are required in order to improve quality of care: the degree to which health services increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge. The PHA Registry (PHAR) was developed to collect data regarding key measures to facilitate the achievement of these goals of the PHCC.
Prediction of Nitrated Tyrosine Residues in Protein Sequences by Extreme Learning Machine and Feature Selection Methods
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang ShaoPeng , Zhang Yu-Hang , Wei Lai , Xu XianLing , Huang Tao , Cai Yu-Dong
Published: May 2018

Background:

Accurately recognizing nitrated tyrosine residues from protein sequences
would pave a way for understanding the mechanism of nitration and the screening of the tyrosine
residues in sequences.

Results:

In this study, we proposed a prediction model that used the extreme learning machine
(ELM) algorithm as the prediction engine to identify nitrated tyrosine residues. To encode each
tyrosine residue, a sliding window technique was adopted to extract a peptide segment for each
tyrosine residue, from which a number of features were extracted. These features were analyzed by a
popular feature selection method, Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR) method,
producing a feature list, in which all features were ranked in a rigorous way. Then, the Incremental
Feature Selection (IFS) method was utilized to discover the optimal features, on which the optimal
ELM-based prediction model was built. This model produced satisfactory results on the training
dataset with a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.757. The model was also evaluated by an
independent test dataset that contained only positive samples, yielding a sensitivity of 0.938.

Conclusion:

Compared to other prediction models that use classic machine learning algorithms as
prediction engines on the same datasets with their own optimal features, the optimal ELM-based
prediction model produced much better results, indicating the superiority of the proposed model for
the identification of nitrated tyrosine residues from protein sequences.
Malignant Intracranial High Grade Glioma and Current Treatment Strategy
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Zhang Wei , Mao Xing-Gang , Cao Wei-Dong , Zhen Hai-Ning , Hu Shi-Jie
Published: May 2018

Malignant high-grade glioma (HGG) is the most common and extremely fatal type of
primary intracranial tumor. These tumors recurred within 2 to 3 cm of the primary region of tumor
resection in the majority of cases. Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier significantly limited the access
of many systemically administered chemotherapeutics to the tumor, pointing towards a stringent
need for new therapeutic patterns. Therefore, targeting therapy using local drug delivery for
HGG becomes a priority for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The main objectives to
the effective use of chemotherapy for HGG include the drug delivery to the tumor region and the infusion
of chemotherapeutic agents into the vascular supply of a tumor directly, which could improve
the pharmacokinetic profile by enhancing drug delivery to the neoplasm tissue. Herein, we reviewed
clinical and molecular features, different methods of chemotherapy application in HGGs, especially
the existing and promising targeting therapies using local drug delivery for HGG which could effectively
inhibit tumor invasion, proliferation and recurrence of HGG to combat the deadly disease.
Undoubtedly, novel chemical medicines targeting these HGG may represent one of the most important
directions in the Neuro-oncology.
A Review on Current Synthetic Strategies of Oxazines
Authors: Gaonkar Santosh L. , Nagaraj Vignesh U. , Nayak Swarnagowri
Published: June 2018

In the past three decades, the heterocyclic oxazine cores have been intensely concerned. Oxazine
derivatives are promising vital heterocyclic motifs. They are eminent for their synthetic potential
and extensive biological properties. Oxazines are versatile intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of
heterocycles and bifunctional compounds. Researchers have reported several synthetic approaches for
the preparation of oxazines. This review emphasises the recent approaches for the synthesis of oxazine
derivatives.
Hepatitis E Virus Infection During Pregnancy: The Overlooked Cause of Maternal and Fetal Mortality
Authors: Farshadpour Fatemeh , Taherkhani Sakineh , Taherkhani Reza
Published: May 2018

Background:

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality.
Nevertheless, in some geographical locations, especially Egypt, despite having high frequency of
HEV seropositivity, HEV infection follows an asymptomatic or mild course during pregnancy. These
anomalous observations have distracted attention from the importance of HEV infection in pregnant
women.

Methods:

While tragic cases of HEV-infected pregnant women cannot be neglected any longer.

Conclusion:

These circumstances create a strong demand for the increasing awareness of HEV infection
through training programs, appropriate management of HEV infection among pregnant women,
routine screening of pregnant women for timely diagnosis of HEV infection, proper treatment of HEVinfected
patients, optimal preventive measures, and development of a prophylactic vaccine against HEV
infection.
Pensar a Universidade dos próximos 20 anos através de uma metodologia de cenários
Authors: Alarcão Isabel , Tavares José , Mealha Óscar , Souza Dayse Neri
Published: June 2018

Neste artigo, os autores propõem-se relatar o processo e analisar os resultados de uma abordagem metodológica baseada na construção de cenários para perspetivar a Universidade do futuro nas dimensões da formação, inovação e pesquisa e em função da intensidade valorativa de um conjunto de marcadores: mentes, afetos, autonomia, tecnologias, métodos, organização, edifícios, financiamentos, contextos, equipamentos, comportamentos, empregabilidade, democraticidade e internacionalização, em estudo no âmbito do Projeto “Marcadores de formação, inovação e pesquisa para a Universidade de hoje e do próximo decénio”. O presente texto não incidirá sobre a substância da matéria em estudo, ou seja, como é vista a evolução da Universidade no futuro, mas sobre a metodologia de construção de cenários prospetivos em sessões que combinaram uma dinâmica de workshop com a de grupo focal, envolvendo professores, investigadores e estudantes. Analisar-se-ão as dificuldades e potencialidades desta abordagem, as limitações encontradas e os contributos para o estudo global. Palavras-chave: Universidade; Cenários; Grupos focais; Marcadores ABSTRACTIn this paper the authors propose to report the process and analyse the results of a scenario-based methodological approach to perceive prospective views for the future of the University in what concerns to education, innovation and research and according to the value intensity given to a set of markers: minds, affects, autonomy, technologies, methods, organization, buildings, funding, contexts, equipments, behaviours, employability, democraticity and internationalization, under study in the Project “Markers of education, innovation and research for the University of today and of the next decade”. The focus of the present text is not the content under discussion, i.e. the prospective view of the evolution of the university in the future; it focuses on the methodology of construction of prospective scenarios in sessions with professors, researchers and students. The methodology of the sessions combined the dynamics of workshop and focus groups. The discussion of results focuses on difficulties, potentialities and limitations of the approach, as well as contributions for the global study. Keywords: University; Scenarios; Focus groups; Markers
Functionalization of Chitosan with Maleic Anhydride for Proton Exchange Membrane
Authors: Septiawan Muhammad Ridwan , Permana Dian , Sabarwati Sitti Hadijah , Ahmad La Ode , Ramadhan La Ode Ahmad Nur
Published: June 2018

Chitosan was modified by maleic anhydride, and it was then functionalized using heterogeneous and blending method to obtain the membrane. The results of the reaction between chitosan with maleic anhydride were signed by the new peak appears around 1475 cm-1 which attributed to C=C bending of alkene. The new peak also appears at 1590 cm-1 which attributed to N-H bending of amide. Chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes show microstructure of chitosan membrane with high porous density and rigidity while chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes have clusters. In addition, the thermal tenacity of membranes reached 500 °C. Modified membrane by heterogeneous and blending method have higher water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and proton conductivity than chitosan membrane. Moreover, the blending method is much more effective than the heterogeneous method that can be exhibited from ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity values of 1.08–6.38 meq g-1 and 1x10-3–1x10-2 S cm-1, 0.92–2.27 meq g-1 and 1.53x10-4–3.04x10-3 S cm-1, respectively. The results imply that modification of chitosan membrane with the addition of maleic anhydride using heterogeneous and blending method can be applied to proton exchange membrane.
Modelling the Research Data Lifecycle
Authors: Kowalczyk Stacy T
Published: June 2018

This paper develops and tests a lifecycle model for the preservation of research data by investigating the research practices of scientists.Â  This research is based on a mixed-method approach.Â  An initial study was conducted using case study analytical techniques; insights from these case studies were combined with grounded theory in order to develop a novel model of the Digital Research Data Lifecycle.Â  A broad-based quantitative survey was then constructed to test and extend the components of the model.Â  The major contribution of these research initiatives are the creation of the Digital Research Data Lifecycle, a data lifecycle that provides a generalized model of the research process to better describe and explain both the antecedents and barriers to preservation.Â  The antecedents and barriers to preservation are data management, contextual metadata, file formats, and preservation technologies.Â  The availability of data management support and preservation technologies, the ability to create and manage contextual metadata, and the choices of file formats all significantly effect the preservability of research data.
FUNCTIONAL GAIT ASSESSMENT TO PREDICT THE RISK OF FALLS IN ELDERLY
Authors: Harkitasari Saktivi
Published: May 2018

Background: Aging process represents the natural process, which cannot be obviated. It is caused by biological factor that goes naturally that influence the anatomical, biochemical and physiological changes. The natural changes contribute in falling on elderly. The objective of this study was to describe the falling prediction in elderly using Functional Gait Assessment.

Method: This study used descriptive study design. The population was 48 elderly, with sample of 43 elderly involved by means of purposive sampling, taken according to inclusion criteria. The variable was falling prediction. The data were collected using Functional Gait Assessment and then were analyzed.

Result: Forty-three elderly in Panti Werdha Wana Seraya (aged 60-103 years, with a mean of 77,48 ± 1,61) were included. The result showed that elderly had a high risk of falls. Functional Gait Assessment showed that 41 from 43 respondents scored
Diagnosis and Management of Essential Thrombocythemia in Sanjiwani Hospital Gianyar, Bali: A Case Report
Authors: Wardani Ni Wayan Sri , Putra I Ketut Ery Purnama Warsana , Rena Ni Made Renni A
Published: May 2018

Abstract.

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a very rare disorder with 1- /100,000 population in the world. The incidence of this abnormality is still obscure in Indonesia. We report a case of ET, women of age 74 years old that came to Sanjiwani Hospital with gum bleeding. This case is confirmed based on WHO criteria of ET which are the increasing of thrombocyte of a number of increase >450 /µL3, proliferation of megakaryocyte cell on bone marrow biopsy, also not meeting any other WHO criteria for also not meeting any other WHO criteria for BCR-ABL1+CML, Polycythemia Vera, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, or other myeloid neoplasm diseases. Management of this case is based on risk adapted treatment algorithm considering three major risk factors for thrombosis (history of thrombosis, JAK2/MPL mutations, and advanced age). This case is categorized as high risk patient for thrombosis, so that treated with antiplatelet aggregation (aspilets) and anagrelide after hydroxyurea clinically unresponsive.
Taeniasis in Karangasem Regency, Bali
Authors: Winianti Ni Wayan , Herdiana M Elsa , Agus Wijayanti Mahardika , Sutisna Putu , Kapti I Nengah , Sudiarta I Wayan
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Taeniasis is an infectious disease caused by the tapeworm Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm), Taenia solium (pork tapeworm), and Taenia asiatica (Asian tapeworm). Purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between meat consumption, individual characteristics, and environmental factors with taeniasis. Case control study was used to identify taeniasis among two groups: people living at Datah village (personal livestock) and people living at Karangasem village (obtained their meat from traditional market or slaughterhouse). Each group consisted of 98 people. Two subjects from the case group were positive for taenia egg both by direct smear and Willy’s Malory floatation methods. Proportion of taeniasisinthe case group was 2.04%. The type of meat consumed, methods of meat processing, frequency of consumption, ways of obtaining meat, individual characteristics, and environmental factors which may contribute to Taenia infection could not be evaluated due to limited number of positive cases.

Abstrak

Taeniasis merupakan penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan karena adanya cacing pita Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm), Taenia solium (pork tapeworm), and Taenia asiatica (Asian tapeworm)di dalam tubuh manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi daging, karakteristik individu dan faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian taeniasis. Jenis rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu case control antar 2 kelompok (penduduk di Desa Datah dan Kelurahan Karangasem, Kabupaten Karangasem, Bali). Kelompok kasus yaitu penduduk Desa Datah yang memenuhi kriteria kasus (mengkonsumsi daging dari hewan ternak pribadi), sedangkan kelompok kontrol yaitu penduduk di Kelurahan Karangasem yang memenuhi kriteria untuk kontrol (mengkonsumsi daging dari membeli di pasar atau tempat pemotongan hewan). Tiap kelompok terdiri dari 98 orang. Metode pemeriksaan feses dengan metode langsung dan pengapungan.

Terdapat 2 orang yang positif taeniasis dari kelompok kasus, dengan ditemukan telur Taenia sp. pada pemeriksaan langsung dan pengapungan. Hubungan jenis daging, cara pengolahan, frekuensi mengkonsumsi dan cara memperoleh daging, karakteristik individu dan faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian taeniasis tidak dapat dianalisis secara statistic.
Curcumin inhibits the expression of ornithine decarboxylase and adenosine deaminase genes in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Abbaspour Hossein , Safipour Afshar
Published: May 2018

Curcumin is the active ingredient of Curcuma longa, which inhibits the development of malignant cells. Prevention and treatment of cancer by natural compounds, especially curcumin, and understanding the mechanism of action, is an area of interest in cancer research. In this study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin on cell proliferation, ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene expression in human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) as compared to the non-cancer line (MCF-10A). Both cell lines were subjected to increasing doses of curcumin, ranging from 0 to 30 ?g/mL. Cell viability was quantified by the MTT assay. In vitro clonogenic survival assay was performed on MCF-7 cells. Expression of ADA and ODC1 were analyzed by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Curcumin inhibited the growth of malignant cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The calculated IC50 value for MCF-7 cells in 48 h was 12 ?g/mL. Forty-five to 70% decreases in colony formation were observed in MCF-7 cells treated with 30-60 ?g/mL curcumin, respectively. Our data revealed a dose-dependent downregulation of ODC1 and ADA expression and respective enzyme activities by curcumin, which correlated with decreased proliferation in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. These data suggest that curcumin represses the proliferation of breast cancer cells through downregulation of ODC1 and ADA gene expression, which might be another mechanism of curcumin-mediated tumor growth inhibition.
Fabrication of titanium carbide reinforced iron matrix cermet by vacuum carbothermal reduction of ilmenite
Authors: Wu Ke-Han , Gou Hai-Peng , Zhang Guo-Hua , Chou Kuo-Chih
Published: May 2018

Iron matrix cermet reinforced with TiC has been produced by vacuum carbothermal reduction of ilmenite followed by sintering processes. The influences of reduction temperature and carbon mass ratio were discussed in detail. X-Ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were employed to characterize the phase composition and microstructures. After carbothermic reduction, most of Mg, Mn, Ca evaporated from the sample; Si and part of Al was dissolved in the iron matrix. The obtained powders were used as the raw materials to produce TiC-Fe cermet by vacuum sintering. Density, hardness and bending strength of the samples were examined. The optimal cermet products after heat treatment had a density of 5.38 g?cm-1, a hardness of 1125.5 HV and a bending strength of 667 MPa, which was obtained at the carbon/ilmenite mass ratio of 0.378:1 at 1773 K under the pressure of 10 Pa.
Thermal analysis of a serpentine flat plate collector and investigation of the flow and convection regime
Authors: Korres Dimitrios , Tzivanidis Christos
Published: May 2018

A special kind of flat plate collectors was examined in detail through CFD analysis. The distinctiveness of the current model has to do with the piping system was applied which is a serpentine flow conduit. The operation of the collector was examined at four different inclination angles (0?, 15?, 30?, and 45?) and several values of the inlet water temperature (10-80?C per 10?C) by providing the same heat perpendicular to the cover in each case. The thermal efficiency as well as the temperature fields of the collector was determined first. Furthermore, the overall heat losses were calculated and compared to these arisen from the Cooper-Dunkle assumption while the mean divergence between these two solutions was around 5%. Moreover, the natural convection inside the gap as well as the tube to water convection was examined and the heat transfer coefficients were validated from theoretical models in horizontal position. In particular, the simulation results found to diverge from the theoretical ones about 12.5% and 7% as regards the pipe flow and the air-gap, respectively. In addition, a remarkable flow phenomenon was observed at the bends of the pipe and the nature of it was explained in detail. Last but not least, the inclination angle seems that affects significantly the collector?s performance since the higher the slope the lower the convection losses. Solidworks and its simulation program Flow Simulation were used to design and simulate the whole collector.
Experimental and statistical survey on local thermal comfort impact on working productivity loss in university classrooms
Authors: Bajc Tamara , Banjac Milos , Todorovic Maja , Stevanovic Zana
Published: May 2018

The paper presents an experimental analysis of the relationship between local thermal comfort and productivity loss in classrooms. The experimental investigation was performed in a real university classroom during the winter semester in city of Belgrade. Measurements were taken for four scenarios, with different indoor comfort conditions. Variations were made by setting the central heating system on/off, adding an additional heat source to provoke higher indoor temperatures, and measuring the radiant asymmetry impact. Innovative questionnaires were developed especially for the research, in order to investigate students? subjective feelings about local thermal comfort and indoor environmental quality. Local predicted mean vote and predicted percentage dissatisfied indices were calculated using data measured in situ. The results were compared to existing models recommended in literature and European and ASHRAE standards. Student productivity was evaluated using novel tests, designed to fit the purposes of the research. Surveys were conducted for 19 days under different thermal conditions, during lectures in a real classroom, using a sample of 240 productivity test results in total. Using the measured data, new correlations between the predicted mean vote, CO2, personal factor and productivity loss were developed. The research findings imply that local thermal comfort is an important factor that can impact productivity, but the impact of the personal factor is of tremendous importance, together with CO2 concentration in the classroom.
Evolution of concomitant moderate and moderate to severe functional mitral regurgitation, following aortic valve surgery for severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Dabic Petar , Borovic Sasa , Milojevic Predrag , Kostic Jelena , Trifunovic Zoran , Babic Rade
Published: May 2018

Background/Aim. Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is a common entity in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). The aim of this study was to examine evolution of moderate and moderate to severe FMR after an isolated AVR, to identify prognostic indicators for persistent MR postoperatively, and to offer the recommendation regarding surgical intervention for moderate and moderate to severe FMR at the time of AVR for AS. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 39 consecutive patients with moderate and moderate to severe FMR at the time of isolated AVR from January 2007 to December 2013. We collected preoperative and postoperative echocardiographic data to determine the evolution of FMR after AVR. Patients were divided into the persistent (n = 14) and improved FMR group (n = 25). Secondary division was into the prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM, n = 7) and non prosthesis-patient mismatch group (non PPM, n = 32 patients). Late follow-up echocardiography was completed in 100% (39/39) of patients. Results. FMR improved postoperatively (MR ? 2+) in 64% (25/39) of patients, while 36% (14/39) of patients had persistent MR ? 2). In comparison to the persistent group, the patient with improved FMR had significant decrease in the left ventricular enddiastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, posterior wall and septum thickness postoperatively. The same indicators of reverse remodeling were found in the non PPM group in comparison to the PPM group. The incidence of postoperative FMR improvement was higher in the non PPM group (65.6%, p = 0.001) in comparison to the PPM group (42.9%, p = 0.125). The mean follow-up duration was 39.5 ? 23.5 months. Conclusion. In accordance with previous studies, this study also showed improvement in FMR following AVR surgery. Improvement in MR degree was associated with echocardiographic parameters of reverse left ventricular remodeling. Conservative approach is advisable in patients with moderate and moderate to severe FMR, believing that repair or replacement is unnecessary at the time of AVR for severe AS. PPM could prevent downgrading of FMR, stressing out the importance of choosing the prosthesis of adequate size.
Diagnosis and Management of Hoarseness in Developing Country
Authors: Aremu Shuaib Kayode , Adegbiji Waheed Atilade , Nwawolo Clement , Olajuyin Oyebanji Anthony , Olatoke Fatai
Published: May 2018

Background: Hoarseness/dysphonia of voice is the most common symptom of laryngeal disorder regardless of its pathology.This study aimed at determining the sociodemographic profile, aetiology, predisposing factors, clinical profile and management of hoarseness.Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective study carried out on all patients who presented hoarseness of voice via the Ear, Nose, and the Throat at the department of a tertiary institution in Nigeria.The study was carried out between October 2015 to September 2017. Data were obtained from patients who gave consent by using pre tested interviewer assisted questionnaire. All the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.Results: Prevalence of hoarseness was 2.4%. There were 58.4% males with male to female ratio being 1.5:1. Housewives were involved 27.6%, Singers 21.5%, Teachers 17.3%, and Clergy 13.1%.  Main causes were 96.3% organic causes and 2.8% neurological causes. Common organic causes were 36.4% acute laryngitis, 30.8% chronic laryngitis, and 15.0% vocal nodules.Main predisposing factors were Upper respiratory tract infections 50.5%, Voice abuse 33.6%, and Laryngopharyngeal reflux 29.4%. Commonest duration of the hoarseness prior to presentation were >12 months in 29.4% and 6–9 months in 27.1%.  Main clinical features were hoarseness 78.5%, catarrh/cold 73.4%, sensation of lump in the throat 62.6%, and cough 55.6%. Prior medications before presentation to otorhinolaryngologist were local herb 84.6%, over the counter medication 48.6%, and health care center 38.3%. Specialist care was conservative/medical treatment 77.6%, surgical intervention 20.1%, and referral 2.3%.Conclusion: Prevalence of hoarseness of voice was high with associated presentation to the specialist. Organic causes are the commonest with predominant inflammatory origin. Laryngeal neoplasm with associated malignancy was significant in a numbers of patients.
TINGKAT PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH OLEH MASYARAKAT DI KAWASAN PERKOTAAN CIWIDEY
Authors: Suntari Karlita Ayu , Pirngadi Budi Heri , Syarifudin Deden
Published: May 2018

Kawasan Perkotaan Ciwidey sebagai pusat kegiatan perkotaan tidak terepas dari permasalahan terkait persampahan yaitu peningkatan timbulan sampah setiap harinya tidak diimbangi dengan adanya sarana dan prasarana pengelolaan sampah. selain itu aksesibilitas yang cukup jauh menghambat pendistribusian sampah dari Kawasan Perkotaan Ciwidey ke TPA. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan arahan terkait pengelolaan sampah dengan berdasarkan kepada masyarakat (berbasis masyarakat) sebagai sumber penghasil sampah. Dalam perumusan arahan pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat ini metoda analisis yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Kondisi pengelolaan sampah saat ini di perkotaan Ciwidey meliputi 4 aspek persampahan, partisipasi/peran serta masyarakat, dan potensi masalah. Arahan pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat berdasarkan hasil analisis yaitu peningkatan fungsi TPS menjadi TPS 3R, serta tersedianya bank sampah dan unit komposting. Penelitian penunjukan tingkat pelayanan persampahan oleh UPT sebesar 47%, sebagian besar masyarakat sudah melakukan pengurangan dan penanganan sampah, timbulan sampah di Kawasan Perkotaan Ciwidey mencapai 21.192 m3/hari, masih rendahnya tingkat penyadaran partisipasi masyarakat mulai dari pemahaman dan keingian masyarakat untuk mengelola sampah, 52% masyarakat tidak melakukan pembayaran untuk pengelolaan sampah.
Páginas finales
Authors: EIA Revista
Published: May 2018

Páginas finales / volumen 15 / número 29
Bioética: ¿solo una necesidad filosófica moderna?
Authors: DE LA OSSA JAIME , BOTERO LUZ , GALVAN-GUEVARA SILVIA
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo hace una revisión de algunos temas importantes que son tratados a la luz de bioética, partiendo históricamente de lo que significa ética y moral, su trascendencia en nuestros legados de procedimiento y como artífices de la vida en sociedad, para llegar a lo que modernamente se entiende como bioética y las implicaciones que está tiene en el avance de la ciencia y el bienestar humano.