bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobility of Internet of Things and Fog Computing: Serious Concerns and Future Directions
Authors: Ahanger Tariq Ahamed , Tariq Usman , Nusir​ Muneer
Published: July 2022

IoT devised the modern world of technology into a world where different objects are joining the global network, exchanging, storing and processing the data using different surrounding environments and actively intercede. Enormous number of services can be visualized and put into reality by using the basic concepts of IoT. Since IoT devices are resource constrained, the concept of edge computing also termed as fog computing was proposed to assist IoT devices in handling and delivery information. The centralized cloud is not replaced by fog but enhances its functionality, accessibility and reliability in many means by distributing its principles and technologies through the CoT continuation, specifically at edge of network. The nearness of the fog and IoT nodes enables many distinctive features that should be available and protected always even during the movement of IoT devices through different places. This article discusses the main challenges by analyzing the concept of providing mobility support in a fog environment.
Modified SHA1: A Hashing Solution to Secure Web Applications through Login Authentication
Authors: Maliberan Esmael Verano
Published: July 2022

The modified SHA1 algorithm has been developed by expanding its hash value up to 1280 bits from the original size of 160 bit. This was done by allocating 32 buffer registers for variables A, B, C and D at 5 bytes each. The expansion was done by generating 4 buffer registers in every round inside the compression function for 8 times. Findings revealed that the hash value of the modified algorithm was not cracked or hacked during the experiment and testing using powerful online cracking tool, bruteforce and rainbow table such as CrackingStation and Rainbow Crack and bruteforcer which are available online thus improved its security level compared to the original SHA1.
Dexterity for Channel Capacity Enhancement in MU-MIMO by Abrogating Interference
Authors: Kaur Dalveer , Kumar Neeraj
Published: July 2022

The looming field of Multi user Multiple-input Multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communication system has faced a challenge with precoding techniques for achieving increased channel capacity of their less inhaling of signals, imperfect knowing of channel state information, loss of signals by noise ,time complexity etc. in downlink systems which results in interference to the users. Hence straight forwarding from the issues, the paper newly introduce2LB-FR precoding technique which holds Linde-Lyold’s (LL)algorithm to increase data transmission by consuming large amount of signals with space and the Bernoulli distribution with Bayes decision (BB) to allot the perfect channel state; l information during transmission that eliminates co-interference. Holding Floyd Rasta (FR) algorithm expels the noise if added and takes the shortest required path by acquiring all the possible routes available in single execution which decreases delay. By the overall implementation, the proposed work pomped that in short time ,the capacity of the channel get enhanced with interference cancellation.
Origin of the Palos Verdes Restraining Bend and Its Implications for the 3D Geometry of the Fault and Earthquake Hazards in Los Angeles, California
Authors: Wolfe Franklin D. , Shaw John H. , Plesch Andreas
Published: July 2022

The Palos Verdes fault zone (PVFZ) extends across the southwestern Los Angeles basin and Inner Continental Borderland, California, and is considered capable of generating large (Mw>7), damaging earthquakes with short recurrence intervals. The 110 km long fault zone is composed of vertical and moderately dipping segments that accommodate oblique, right-lateral reverse displacement. Onshore, there is a counterclockwise reorientation in the PVFZ’s strike, which produces a major restraining bend that generates the Palos Verdes Peninsula. Here, we use well and seismic reflection data to develop kinematic models that show folding of the PVFZ by the Wilmington blind thrust led to formation of the restraining bend. North of the peninsula in Santa Monica Bay, debate persists over the extent, geometry, and activity of the PVFZ. Here, we analyze a dense grid of high-resolution seismic reflection data and present a new mapping of the Santa Monica Bay segment of the PVFZ, including multiple active splays (e.g., Redondo Canyon fault zone) that occur within a broad damage zone at the northern termination of the fault system. Based on these insights and prior studies, we develop a new, comprehensive 3D model of the PVFZ including its Santa Monica Bay, San Pedro Bay, and Lasuen Knoll segments. The sizes of these segments indicate that PVFZ is capable of larger events than previously reported—Mw 7.1–7.4 for single-segment ruptures and Mw 7.4–7.8 for multisegment ruptures. Based on a reported slip rate of 1.1–5.9 mm/yr, average recurrence intervals for these single- and multisegment rupture scenarios are 580–610 and 760–1170 yr, respectively.
An Investigation of Body Composition, Eating and Weight Concerns, and Motivations for Weight Control Behavior Among South Asian and European-American Young Adult Women
Authors:   , Doshi Sapna D. , Lowe Michael R.
Published: July 2022

This is the first study conducted in the United States examining psychological factors associated with eating and weight between South Asian and European-American women while taking into account physiological differences. The current study examined differences between 58 South Asian and 60 European-American women in body composition, eating and weight concerns, and motivation for weight control behavior. Additionally, accuracy in perceived weight associated with overweight and obesity according to ethnic-specific BMI criteria was assessed. The role of cultural conflict among South Asians was also examined in regard to eating and weight concerns. Results indicated that South Asian women had similar body fat percentage, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratios at significantly lower BMIs. South Asian and European-American women accurately assessed what weight for their height would correspond to overweight and obesity according to ethnic-specific adjusted BMI criteria. South Asian women were similar to their European-American counterparts in their eating and weight concerns and motivations for weight control behavior even when controlling for BMI. However, an interaction effect was found such that the Thin Ideal Internalization measure was only associated with compensatory behavior use among European American women and not South Asian women. Lastly, South Asian women who endorsed compensatory behavior use were significantly more likely to report experiencing greater cultural conflict. Implications and future directions for research are discussed.
Proses metakognitif siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika berdasarkan gaya belajar VAK (visual, auditori, dan kinestetik)
Authors: Lamowa Rachmad Abubakar , Irawati Santi , Subanji Subanji
Published: July 2022

This study aims to describe students' metacognitive processes in solving mathematical problems based on the VAK (Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic) learning style. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research was conducted in the eighth grade of MTs Satu Atap Al-Hidayah on Jl. Pattimura Gg. VI No. 300 Gelonggong Temas, Batu City. Students are identified their learning styles through questionnaires and then given questions related to solving problems that are open-ended. Of the 15 students studied, there were three students with a visual learning style, three students with an auditory learning style and five students with a kinesthetic learning style. The results of the analysis show that the best metacognition process occurs in students with visual learning styles which are indicated by the achievement of the most indicators and followed by students with kinesthetic learning styles and then students with auditory learning styles. The results showed that the learning style did not significantly affect the students' metacognition process, but rather the understanding of the concept.
Kemampuan representasi verbal siswa melalui menulis jurnal matematika
Authors: Syifa Fatimatus , Sudirman Sudirman , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze students' verbal representation skills through mathematical journal writing activities. So that researchers can find out students' verbal representation skills through writing math journals. The topic that must be written in math journals is fractional material. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were grade 5 elementary school students. Data was collected by giving writing assignments on journal writing sheets and interviews. The results showed that the students' verbal representation ability through journal writing on the fraction concept indicator was still not correct. The language used to organize the presentation of ideas is still not systematic and logical. Students do not yet have verbal representation skills in making appropriate fractional expressions/pictures.
Board of Directors
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: July 2022

No abstract available.
A Mindfulness-Based Intervention for University Students: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Dolbier Christyn , Conder Lauren , Guiler William , Haley Erin
Published: July 2022

Background: Koru is a 4-week group mindfulness-based intervention that previously demonstrated psychological benefits in university students through its offering via a counseling center (Greeson, Juberg, Mayatan, James, & Rogers, 2014).
Aim: This study examined the feasibility of Koru offered universally to students via collaborative outreach (i.e., student interest, attendance, adverse events, participant acceptability, and participant willingness to complete assessments).
Method: Across five semesters, Koru was advertised via flyers, emails to student organizations and faculty and staff, and counseling center referrals at a southeastern public university with 29,000-students. Interested students were randomly assigned to Koru or a waitlist. In-person Koru groups took place in classrooms on campus. Assessments included practice logs, program evaluations, and pre- and post-intervention surveys measuring mindfulness and psychological symptoms.
Results: Interest was sufficient to offer 2-3 groups per semester (171 students). Of those assigned to Koru, 44.4% completed 3-4 sessions and 34.9% did not attend any sessions. The adverse event rate was 2.9%. Evaluations were positive and all participants attending the last session completed them. The response rate was 29.0% for log completion and 17.9% for survey completion.
Conclusion: Results support student interest in, and acceptability of Koru offered to all students on campus outside of a counseling center. Data collection was challenging.
Four proofs for Pappus’s theorem
Authors: Tran Duc Anh
Published: July 2022

Pappus’s theorem is a classical result in geometry. We present four proofs for Pappus’s theorem. Each proof makes use of different tools and techniques.
Some applications of Lagrange interpolation polynomials in practice
Authors: Nguyen Thu Thuy , Le Thi Ha
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we use Lagrange interpolation method to solve some problems in Agriculture and Health in Vietnam. The data used in this paper are extracted from the data of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. The Lagrange interpolation method is a good model for forecasting agricultural production as well as the correlation between the number of doctors and the number of hospital beds in medical facilities in Vietnam.
Determination of some suitable technology conditions to improve recovery performance of Morinda citrifolia L. juice
Authors: Nguyen Van Loi
Published: July 2022

The technological parameters affecting the recovery yield of Morinda citrifolia L. juice are the concentration of pectinase enzyme, hydrolisis temperature, and hydrolisis time. From that, a process of extraction and recovery of Morinda citrifolia L. juice was developed, with some technological parameters being the concentration of pectinase enzyme used at 0.4%, hydrolisis temperature of 40oC, hydrolisis time of 240 minutes, in this condition, the recovery efficiency yield of Morinda citrifolia L. juice is more than 90%. Besides, it has also been determined that the pressure to recover Morinda citrifolia L. juice is 200kg\cm2, the pressing time is 10 minutes\batch, the centrifugation speed is 8000 rpm and the centrifugation time is 15 minutes. The obtained Morinda citrifolia L. juice is stored in a specialized dark PE plastic bottle with a capacity of 1.5 liters and stored at a temperature of 2 - 4oC. Some biochemical indicators such as total sugar, total protein, vitamin C and color, odor, taste, and clarity parameters of Morinda citrifolia L. juice were determined by analytical methods.
Assessing the difference in the temperature trend in the context of climate change in Bac Giang province
Authors: Dao Ngoc Hung , Nguyen Thi Ha , Nguyen Thi Lieu , Nguyen Thanh Luan
Published: July 2022

Bac Giang is a province in the northern midland and mountainous region of Vietnam. Bac Giang has many potentials and advantages in terms of natural conditions and human resources for economic development. However, climate change has been having a great impact on the socio-economic development of the province. The study applied the correlation assessment method and regression analysis to process temperature data at 4 meteorological stations: Bac Giang, Hiep Hoa, Son Dong, and Luc Ngan. The results demonstrate that in 44 years (1970 - 2014) the trend of change in average temperature is from 0.012 oC\year to 0.018 oC\year. On the other hand, the changing trend of the annual absolute maximum temperature is common at a higher level, from 0.028 oC\year to 0.032 oC\year. The variability of extreme temperature values is much broader than that of the average temperature. The trend of temperature variation (average temperature, annual absolute maximum temperature) is highest in the eastern territory of the province, in mountainous districts including Son Dong, Luc Ngan, and lowest in the western lowland areas namely Hiep Hoa district. The research results will be the assisting tool for management agencies to find solutions to develop socio-economic adaptation to climate change.
Training of future psychologists on suicide prevention among adolescents based on work with parents
Authors: Ainagul Rustemova , Kalipa Atemova , Aida Nurbekova , Ardak Alipbek , Mentay Shagyrbayeva
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to reveal the views of future psychologists on the training of suicide prevention among adolescents based on work with parents. The study was designed with a phenomenology pattern. The study data were collected with a semi-structured interview form prepared with questions suitable for the purpose of the study. The sample of the study consisted of psychologist candidates studying in Kazakhstan. As a result of the research, among the answers given to the question about the causes of suicide in adolescents were family, loneliness, hopelessness, psychological problems and temperament, and most of the participants answered psychological problems. Among the answers given to the question about determining what should be done in order to prevent suicide in adolescents based on working with parents were family education, early diagnosis, guidance of adolescents, prevention of alcohol and substance consumption, and the majority of the participants answered family education. The majority of the participants in the closed-ended question about the determination of the proficiency of future psychologists in preventing suicide in adolescents based on working with parents stated ‘I definitely do not find it sufficient’. Among the answers given to the question about increasing efficacy in preventing suicide in adolescents based on working with parents were in-service trainings, experience and practice for disadvantaged groups, and the majority of the participants answered the question as in-service trainings.

Keywords: Suicide, adolescent, parent, education;
Comportamento da produção científica de pesquisadores categorizados no Nível III do Programa Nacional de Incentivo a Pesquisadores do Paraguai
Authors: Báez Escalante Mónica , Ruiz Díaz Mariana Cáceres , Sena Correa Emilce
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The measurement and characterization of scientific production allows to scope the degree and direction of science advancement. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the researchers scientific production behavior categorized in the Level III of the National Research Incentive Program of Paraguay in the period 2010-2020. Method: A quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was proposed. The scientific production data were taken from SCOPUS and SciELO. Results: It was evident that about 80% of the scientific production studied corresponded to SCOPUS. The largest production was presented in 2015, 2017 and 2019. The publications were mostly written in English and they were mainly scientific articles. The study revealed that publications made by male researchers corresponded to 75% concentrated within the age range of 55 to 59. Medical and Health Sciences was the most outstanding area of publications. Conclusion: Findings indicate that the researchers scientific production studied is channeled to attain themselves journals high-impact positions. They use English as the main language and the scientific article as the preferred medium for publication aiming towards an international visibility. However, there is a need to apply actions targeting equity for the participation of female researchers at the highest level of categorization and to increase the visibility of the least representative areas of science.
O peso das questões sociais na noção de scientific literacy no Brasil
Authors: Cunha Rodrigo Bastos
Published: July 2022

A emergência do termo literacy, no final do século XIX, e da expressão derivada scientific literacy, no final da década de 1950, está diretamente ligada aos processos de urbanização e industrialização. Duas expressões são usadas, por brasileiros, como sinônimo de scientific literacy: a maioria dos estudos publicados em português adota o termo “alfabetização científica”, mas o número de artigos sobre “letramento científico” vem crescendo. Este artigo apresenta uma análise qualitativa de cinco pesquisas de pós-graduação sobre “letramento científico” e cinco sobre “alfabetização científica” e conclui que, embora tenham aspectos em comum, o primeiro grupo é predominantemente voltado para questões sociais relacionadas a ciência e tecnologia e o último focado na natureza da ciência.
Sports injuries: a 5-year review of admissions at a major trauma center in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hassan Ahmad Hammad , Gharooni Aref-Ali , Mee Harry , Geffner James , Anwar Fahim
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Sports offer several health benefits but are not free of injury risk. Activity dynamics vary across sports, impacting the injury profile and thereby influencing healthcare resource utilization and health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate sports-related major trauma cases and compare differences across sports and activity groups.Methods: A retrospective case notes review of sports-related major traumas over a 5-year period was conducted. Demographic, hospital episode-related, and health outcome-related data were analyzed, and differences were compared across sports and activity groups. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge was used as the primary outcome measure and the length of hospital stay as the secondary outcome measure.Results: In total, 74.6% of cases had good recovery at discharge (GOS, 5), 18.9% had moderate disability (GOS, 4), and 3.7% had severe disability (GOS, 3). The mean length of hospital stay was 11.2 days (range, 1–121 days). The most severely injured body region was the limbs (29.1%) and vertebral/spinal injuries were most common in terms of location (51.8%). A significant difference (P<0.05) existed in GOS across sports groups, with motor sports having the lowest GOS. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) were found in other health-outcome variables or injury patterns across sports or activity groups, although more competitive sports cases (67.08%) required admission than recreational sports cases (32.9%).Conclusions: Spinal injuries are the most frequent sports injuries, bear the worst health outcomes, and warrant better preventive measures. Head injuries previously dominated the worst outcomes; this change is likely due to better preventive and management modalities. Competitive sports had a higher injury frequency than recreational sports, but no difference in health outcomes or injury patterns.
Dual Mediating Effects of Burnout and Depression on the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Suicidal Ideation of Correctional Officers
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, KWAK Won , CHO Sung-Hee
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of emotional labor on the suicidal ideation of correctional officers at correctional institutions and tests the mediating effects of burnout and depression. To this end, data were collected from 276 correctional officials working at six institutions in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from April 5 to April 17, 2021, and the main results are as follows. The results are as follows. First, the emotional labor, burnout, and depression of correctional officers all had significant positive correlations with suicidal ideation. Secondly, burnout and depression was a significant mediating variable between emotional labor and suicidal ideation. Finally, burnout and depression had statistically significant dual mediating effects on relations between emotional labor and suicidal ideation. While depression had significant positive effects between them, burnout had no statistically significant effects between them, depression has greater influences than burnout when they are introduced simultaneously in relationship between the emotional labor and suicidal ideation. Based on this study, various measures were proposed to prevent future suicidal thoughts of correctional officials.
The Effects of Synchronous Online Discussion on Improving Metacognition, Critical Thinking Disposition, Creative Ability, and Collective Intelligence of College Students
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, SONG Yun-Hee
Published: July 2022

During the Covid-19 period, online classes have been strengthened, and the preference for synchronous online discussion is increasing in college classes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a case for synchronous online discussion and to ensure the effect of synchronous online discussion on metacognition, critical thinking disposition, creative ability, and collective intelligence. Participants who are involving in synchronous online discussion for 10 weeks are 224 students of major courses at K University. Students were asked to take a metacognition test, a critical thinking disposition test, a creative ability test, and a collective intelligence test prior to and after the experiment. The selected data were analyzed by the paired t-tests. As a result, there were significant differences after synchronous online discussion in all factors such as metacognition, critical thinking disposition, creative ability, and collective intelligence. The results of this study can be used as basic data to applying synchronous online discussion of College Students.
Models of psychological support of education in university
Authors: Gridneva S. V. , Tashcheva A. I. , Arpentieva M. R.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. In the article the most widely used models of academic psychological support as basic ones for many universities in the world are supposed to be a systemic nature. All these models postulate the importance of systematic, targeted and operational assistance to the subjects of education. All these models proceed from the fact that almost all students and teachers of modern universities in one way or another face many psychological problems that can adversely affect the academic performance of the former and the success of the latter.

Purpose setting. The purpose of the study is to analyze the models of psychological support of the educational process as a sphere of numerous types of helping a person to a person in solving the tasks facing him of coping with crises of personal, interpersonal and educational and professional development.

Methodology of the study. The research method is a theoretical analysis of common models of academic support for the psychological well-being of subjects of the educational process. Modern models are analyzed that allow purposefully and systematically (multilevel and multidimensional), promptly and effectively provide corrective and developmental psychological assistance to the subjects of the educational process.

Results. Universities, as institutions of culture, its transmission and production, are important centers of life for students and teachers. They are communities with interdisciplinary systems of collaboration and support and serve to ensure that all entities are provided with the affordable, quality, ongoing care they sometimes desperately need. Comprehensive, culturally sensitive university services can help eliminate and prevent inequalities in access to education and its academic support, help to reduce the restrictions associated with receiving psychological and other services, making them part of the educational system. Ensuring the continuity of mental health services is critical to effectively meeting the wide range of needs of learners. Comprehensive mental health services are most effective when they are delivered through systemic practices: a layered and multidimensional system of the other two structures, as presented in the Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) programs, Intervention Response Model (RTI) and other domestic and foreign models.

Conclusion. High-quality, timely and targeted aid and support for educational subjects in various types of educational and life situations can significantly improve the quality of education and, among other things, make a significant contribution to the improvement of the society as a whole. Domestic support experience needs to be enriched with elements and principles of developments and models common in the modern foreign world, including those that increase the timeliness and relevance (accessibility) and quality (intensity and effectiveness) of assistance.
Modeling the process of pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of the professional future
Authors: Chupina V. A. , Sokolova S. R.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The world of professions of the future in the field of medicine is in transformation constantly, acquiring features of dynamism, unpredictability and uncertainty, that’s why pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of the professional future plays an important role in vocational training. Uncertainty of the professional future of today’s youth and radical transformations of the socio-professional environment require qualitative changes in secondary vocational education, revision of its methodology, content and technologies for training medical personnel for the post-industrial economy.

Purpose setting. The purpose of the study is to develop and theoretically and methodologically justify the structural and functional model of the process of pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of their professional future, the introduction of which into the educational process of institutions of secondary vocational education will achieve the desired result ‒ the readiness of medical students for the uncertainty of their professional future.

Methodology of the study. The methodological basis of the study was systemic, competency-based, personalized, design and technological, contextual, and process approaches and the principles of mobility, variability, integrativity, reflexivity, focus on professional self-determination. The leading research method was the modeling method.

Results. The simulation result is a structural-functional model of the process of pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of their professional future, which includes four interrelated blocks: target, methodological, procedural-substantial and result-evaluative. The model allows forming the anticipatory readiness of medical students for professional activities in conditions of high uncertainty, instability and variability. It has the property of dynamism and openness for constant renewal.

Conclusion. Scientific novelty is as follows: the essence and structure of the basic concepts are determined; justified the principles and methods of the process of pre-adaptation; a structural-functional model has been developed; substantiated and described organizational-pedagogical conditions. The results of the scientific work also allow us to outline the prospects for further research, which consist in the practical implementation of this model, the inclusion of the process of pre-adaptation in educational activities and the development of mechanisms for its evaluation from the standpoint of achieving the expected effects. The results can be applied by teachers in the process of professional education.
Inclusive education today: challenges and perspectives
Authors: Smirnova M. V. , Yeroma M. V. , Trofimova I. B. , Zinchenko M. V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Today, the problems of inclusive education are particularly acute. This applies not only to Russia, but also to the world as a whole. In the historical context, the realization of its necessity has become a long process. This is primarily due to the fact that the introduction of inclusive education entails the formation of a new culture of society and the transformation of established principles.

Purpose setting. The article presents the process of formation of the inclusive education system in Russia and its current state. The features of this process are considered on the basis of the analysis of the problem of inclusion of autistic children in the educational process, the features of their behavior affecting the process of social adaptation. The problem of combining ordinary children and children with problematic social behavior is highlighted. The prospects and the role of additional education in this process and the development of the abilities of children with disabilities in general, as well as social factors affecting its effectiveness are considered.

Methodology of the study. As a result of the analysis of factors influencing the process of education and socialization of autistic children, complex research methods are proposed, including the use of various pedagogical and educational means.

Results. As a solution to the problem, the creation of additional education centers combining various fields of activity is proposed. The basis of such centers should be competent managers capable of thorough scientific understanding of the management process and making non-standard bold decisions.

Conclusion. The decisive factor in the success of the educational and educatve process when working with autistic people is the training of managers who are able to make non-standard decisions taking into account the individual situation, the psychological readiness of the team for social transformations.
Consciousness and Life after Death in the Evolution of Intelligence
Authors: Senarath Dayathilake Kande Lekamalaya
Published: July 2022

It seems that no scientific study has been able to find evidence of an afterlife, and the mechanism of consciousness is two of the most challenging questions. Here, I show a hypothesis for consciousness and the probability of an afterlife through three simple thought experiments and theoretical evidence, yet more studies need to precisely understand the mechanism. I found that consciousness might be discussed from three fundamental theories: (1) quantum-level particles of functional neurons in the brain according to quantum mechanics, (2) the brain and its more significant matter than quantum particles behave to general relativity, and (3) a new theory is needed if any other additional mechanism exists. Here, I hypothesize that when a person or animal dies, the selection of a new neuronal system's characteristic of a new life might depend on the characteristics of the finally evolving ultraquantum genome. Here, I suggest that the positive or adverse evolution of the ultraquantum genome depends on the natural evolution of the materialistic brain's cognition, including intelligence. When a brain dies, the ultraquantum particles might emit from the dead brain and simultaneously bond with the suitable early vacant nervous system anywhere in the universe/s, forming a new life with the impact of new nurture.
Enhancing Artificial Intelligence for Twitter-based Public Discourse on Food Security During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Martin Nina M. , Poirier Lisa , Rosenblum Andrew J. , Reznar Melissa M. , Gittelsohn Joel , Barnett Daniel J.
Published: July 2022

Objective: Food security during public health emergencies relies on situational awareness of needs and resources. Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized situational awareness during crises, allowing the allocation of resources to needs through machine learning algorithms. Limited research exists monitoring Twitter for changes in the food security-related public discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to address that gap with AI by classifying food security topics on Twitter and showing topic frequency per day. Methods: Tweets were scraped from Twitter from January 2020 through December 2021 using food security keywords. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling was performed, followed by time-series analyses on topic frequency per day.Results: 237,107 tweets were scraped and classified into topics, including food needs and resources, emergency preparedness and response, and mental/physical health. After the WHO’s pandemic declaration, there were relative increases in topic density per day regarding food pantries, food banks, economic and food security crises, essential services, and emergency preparedness advice. Threats to food security in Tigray emerged in 2021.Conclusions: AI is a powerful yet underused tool to monitor food insecurity on social media. Machine learning tools to improve emergency response should be prioritized, along with measurement of impact. Further food insecurity word patterns testing, as generated by this research, with supervised machine learning models can accelerate the uptake of these tools by policymakers and aid organizations.
Risk Management in the Manufacturing and Use of the Medical Product for in vitro Diagnostics: Reagent Kit “Lyophilized Erythrocyte Antigenic Tularemia Diagnosticum”
Authors: Startseva O. L. , Bogdanova Yu. V. , Gridina T. M. , Kurcheva S. A. , Koshkid’ko A. G. , Stepanishcheva A. S.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work was to implement the risk management strategies in the manufacturing and use of medical products for in vitro diagnostics by the example of the experimental series of the reagent kit “Lyophilized erythrocyte antigenic tularemia diagnosticum”.

Materials and methods. We tested experimental series of the reagent panel “Lyophilized erythrocyte antigenic tularemia diagnosticum”. To carry out the identification, assessment and analysis of risks regarding the considered medical product, failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) was proposed and adapted under production conditions. Identification of risks associated with manufacturing and control of medical products for in vitro diagnostics was carried out using technological regulations, standard operational procedures and manufacturing notes.

Results and discussion. The main outcome of the study is the development of a corrective actions system aimed at reducing the risks and ensuring consistent monitoring. The proposed schemes for carrying out the risk management process can be used as standard ones in the design and development of medical products for in vitro diagnostics, taking into account the specifics of each individual manufacturing. The reporting documents developed within the framework of the system are applicable during the inspection of good manufacturing practice and in terms of completing the registration profile of a diagnostic product with subsequent registration in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation.
Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Borreliosis in the Russian Federation in 2021 and Forecast for 2022
Authors: Rudakova S. A. , Teslova O. E. , Mutalinova N. E. , Pen’evskaya N. A. , Rudakov N. V. , Savel’ev D. A. , Kuz’menko Yu. F.
Published: July 2022

3875 cases of tick-borne borreliosis (TBB) (2.65 per 100000 of population) were recorded in Russia in 2021. Compared to 2020, 61 out of 78 constituent entities experienced a decrease in the incidence rate in 2021. Over the past year, the largest number of cases was registered in the Central Federal District (CFD) – 1797 cases, which is 46.4 % of cases in Russia. Second in the rank by the number of cases of TBB comes the Siberian FD (SFD) – 616 cases (15.9 %), followed by Ural FD – 445 cases (11.5 %), the North-Western FD – 418 (10.8 %), and the Volga FD – 388 (10 %). 134 (3.5 %) and 60 (1.5 % of the total number of cases of TBB) cases were registered in the Far Eastern and Southern Federal Districts, respectively. The last place is occupied by the North Caucasus Federal District (NCFD), where 17 cases were registered, the share of which in the total structure of cases in Russia is 0.4 %. When assessing the long-term dynamics of TBB incidence, a significant trend towards a decrease in the intensity of the epidemic process has been revealed for the North-Western FD, UFD and VFD, as opposed to the CFD and Southern FD, where a significant upward trend was noted. For the Russian Federation on the whole, the Siberian FD, FEFD and NCFD the variation in the incidence rates within the confidence intervals of the long-term annual average values is most likely to be observed in the near future.
Epidemiological situation on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in the Russian Federation in 2021
Authors: Volynkina A. S. , Maletskaya O. V. , Skudareva O. N. , Lisitskaya Ya. V. , Shaposhnikova L. I. , Prislegina D. A. , Vasilenko E. I. , Tokhov Yu. M. , Tishchenko I. V. , Kolosov A. V. , Rostovtseva D. V. , Vasilenko N. F. , Dubyansky V. M. , Yatsmenko E. V. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: July 2022

The review presents an analysis of the epidemiological and epizootiological situation on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the Russian Federation in 2021. 49 cases of CCHF were detected in 2021, which is 1.53 times higher than in 2020. The mortality rate was 6.1 %. Sporadic cases of CCHF were registered in the Stavropol Territory, Rostov, Volgograd Regions, the Republics of Dagestan and Kalmykia. The incidence rates of CCHF were below the long-term average annual values in the majority of the constituent entities. Epizootiological survey of stationary observation points has revealed that the number of Hyalomma marginatum imago corresponded to the average long-term indicators in 2021, the peak of H. marginatum activity was noted in the II–III decades of May. The proportion of Ixodidae tick pools positive for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus markers exceeded the long-term average indexes in a number of regions. On the territory of the natural focus of CCHF, the circulation of the CCHF virus of the genetic lineages “Europe-1” and “Europe-3” was detected in 2021. Based on the analysis of the epidemiological data of the previous year and natural and climatic factors affecting the abundance and vital activity of H. marginatum ticks, risk-based quantitative forecast for the incidence of CCHF in the Stavropol Territory for 2022 has been compiled.
Zoning of the Territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan by the Degree of Intensity of the Epizootic Situation on Plague in Camels
Authors: Abdeliyev B. Z. , Dalibayev Zh. S. , Abdel Z. Zh. , Yerubayev T. K. , Baramova Sh. A. , Meka-Mechenko T. V. , Mussagalieva R. S. , Abdirassilova A. A. , Zhumadilova Z. B. , Umarova S. K. , Aimakhanov B. K. , Yessimseit D. T. , Rysbekova A. K. , Kassenova A. K. , Toyzhanov B. K. , Kulbaeva M. M. , Rametov N. M. , Sadovskaya V. P.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to improve epizootiological monitoring and increase the effectiveness of preventive (anti-epidemic) measures for camel plague control in Kazakhstan.

Materials and methods. We used the data on epizootiological and epidemiological monitoring in natural plague foci of Kazakhstan, long-term measurements and indicators for the period of 2000–2020 of the anti-plague and veterinary services of the Republic for the analysis. To process the evidence, epidemiological, epizootiological, microbiological, and statistical research methods, as well as GIS technology were applied.

Results and discussion. The number of camels has increased by 2.2 times in Kazakhstan over the past 20 years.  Where there were 98.2 thousand heads in 2000, it amounted to 216.4 thousand heads in 2020. Over the past 10 years, 152 camels died of unknown causes in the focal area of the country, but laboratory tests for plague turned out negative. According to the hazard criteria, the territory of the country has been conditionally divided into three zones: five regions with a high degree of hazard with a total area of 953.15 sq. km, five regions with medium degree of hazard with a total area of 1230.72 sq. km, and with a low degree of hazard – four regions and three cities of republican significance with a total area of 541.1 sq. km. Constant epizootiological monitoring over plague in camels is a necessity for the system of preventive measures.
Investigating the stability of the Properties of Vibrio cholerae strains – Producers of Active Components of the Chemical Cholera Vaccine
Authors: Durakova O. S. , Vorob’eva S. A. , Gaeva A. V. , Krasnov Ya. M. , Kuznetsov O. S. , Erokhin P. S. , Gromova O. V. , Volokh O. A.
Published: July 2022

One of the key requirements to producer strains used in the manufacturing of immunobiological preparations is their stability, which consists in maintaining the main cultural, morphological, physiological, and productive properties in a series of generations. This paper describes a comprehensive methodological approach to testing strain stability using in vitro techniques.

The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrated analysis of the stability in the strains that produce active components of the chemical cholera vaccine when preparing seed material and at the stage of cultivation.

Materials and methods. Toxigenic strains of Vibrio сholerae 569B of the classical biovar, serovar Inaba and V. сholerae M-41 of the classical biovar, serovar Ogawa were used in the work. Cell morphology was monitored through light and transmission electron microscopy. Atomic force microscopy was applied to measure the main parameters of the bacterial cell. The strains were tested for the presence of ctxA gene in the chromosome using the “GenChol” test system with electrophoretic registration of results. Whole genome sequencing of the strains was performed on the Ion Torrent PGM platform using the Ion 318 Chip Kit and the Ion PGM Hi-Q View Chef 400 Kit. To determine the specific activity of cholera toxin and O-antigen, a DOT immunoassay with a conjugate based on staphylococcal protein A and colloidal gold nanoparticles was applied.

Results and discussion. The stability of the main properties of industrial V. сholerae strains – producers of the active components of the chemical cholera vaccine has been confirmed using microbiological, immunochemical, molecular-genetic methods and microscopic analysis at all stages of cultivation, and the prospects for using the integrated methodological approach experimentally substantiated. Tailoring of these methods will make it possible to control the stability of producer strains, optimize cultivation conditions and, as a result, increase the yield of the necessary antigenic component of the vaccine.
Tracing the Spatial Circulation of Yersinia pestis of Medieval Biovar in the Eastern Caspian Sea Region in the 20th Century Based on Genome-Wide SNP Analysis
Authors: Eroshenko G. A. , Oglodin E. G. , Balykova A. N. , Krasnov Ya. M. , Naryshkina E. A. , Ayazbaev T. Z. , Popov N. V. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: July 2022

A comprehensive analysis of the accumulated epidemiological and epizootiological data in combination with results from phylogenetic analysis of Yersinia pestis strains creates the basis for establishing patterns of spatialtemporal distribution of the plague pathogen and opens up the prospect of long-term forecasting of natural plague foci activation. Previously, we traced the distribution pathways of Y. pestis, medieval biovar, in the plague foci of the Northern and Northwestern Caspian Sea regions in the 20th and early 21st centuries.

The purpose of this work was to identify the regularities of circulation of Y. pestis, medieval biovar, in four natural plague foci located in the Eastern Caspian Sea region.

Materials and methods. A complex study of the phenotypic and genetic properties of 16 Y. pestis strains isolated in the Ustyurt, Mangyshlak, Karakum and Kopetdag autonomous desert plague foci in 1926–1985 was carried out. They were compared with strains from other natural plague foci in Eastern Europe and Central Asia obtained in 1917–2003. Whole-genome sequencing of 12 of those strains was performed. Phylogenetic analysis included the genomes of other 19 Y. pestis strains that we had sequenced earlier. Based on the 1717 polymorphic nucleotides (SNPs) identified in the core genome, a dendrogram of the relations of the studied strains was constructed.

Results and discussion. All 16 Y. pestis strains from the Ustyurt, Mangyshlak, Kopetdag, and Karakum desert foci belong to the 2.MED1 branch of the medieval biovar. All investigated strains from the first three foci and most of the strains from the Karakum focus are in the Caspian 2.MED1 branch, and three strains from the Karakum desert focus are included in the Central Asian one. We have revealed several waves of dissemination of the strains under the 2.MED1 phylogenetic branch of Y. pestis of the medieval biovar in the Eastern Caspian Sea region in the 20th century.