bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis Diagnosis, Management and Outcomes in Patients with Solid Tumors over a Decade of Experience
Authors: Rinehardt Hannah , Kassem Mahmoud , Evan Morgan , Palettas Marilly , Stephens Julie A. , Suresh Anupama , Ganju Akansha , Lustberg Maryam , Wesolowski Robert , Sardesai Sagar , Stover Daniel , Vandeusen Jeffrey , Cherian Mathew , Eibl Maria del Pilar Guillermo Prieto , Miah Abdul , Alnahhas Iyad , Giglio Pierre , Puduvalli Vinay K. , Ramaswamy Bhuvaneswari , Williams Nicole , Noonan Anne
Published: January 2021

PurposeLeptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC), a common complication of advanced malignancies, is associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet diagnosis and treatment decisions remain challenging. This study describes the diagnostic and treatment modalities for LMC and identifies factors associated with overall survival (OS). MethodsWe performed a single-institution retrospective study of 153 patients diagnosed with LMC treated at The Ohio State University between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015. ResultsMedian age at diagnosis was 55.7 years, and 61% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group baseline performance status ≤1. Most common primary tumors were breast (43%), lung (26%), and cutaneous melanoma (10%). At presentation, most patients were stage III-IV (71%) with higher grade tumors (grade III: 46%). Metastases to bone (36%), brain (33%), and lung (12%) were the most common sites with a median of 0.5 years (range, 0-14.9 years) between the diagnosis of first metastasis and of LMC. 153 (100%) patients had MRI evidence of LMC. Of the 67 (44%) who underwent lumbar puncture (LP), 33 (22%) had positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology. Most patients received radiotherapy for LMC (60%) and chemotherapy (93%) for either the primary disease or LMC. 28 patients received intrathecal chemotherapy, 22 of whom had a primary diagnosis of breast cancer. 98% died with median OS of all patients was 1.9 months (95% CI: 1.3-2.5 months). ConclusionDespite improved treatments and targeted therapies, outcomes of LMC remain extremely poor. Positive CSF cytology was associated with lower OS in patients who had cytology assessed and specifically in patients with breast cancer. CSF cytology serves as an important indicator for prognosis and helps aid in developing individualized therapeutic strategies for patients with LMC.
QTL Across Fruit Development in Red Raspberry, A Study of A Primocane X Biennial Raspberry Population.
Authors: Graham Julie , Smith Kay , MacKenzie Katrin , Milne Linda , Jennings Nikki , Hackett Christine Anne
Published: January 2021

Background

The changing climate is altering timing of key fruit ripening processes and increasing the occurrence of fruit defects. This work aimed to expand our knowledge of the genetic control of the ripening process in raspberry by examining a biennial x primocane F1 population to determine if the progeny exhibited both primocane and biennial flowering modes, which if any was dominant, and to identify QTL and genome locations associated with fruit development to understand how developmental control in this population differs from a biennial x biennial F1 population previously studied.
Results

The progeny from this biennial x primocane population exhibited primocane fruiting completing their lifecycle in a single season and also fruiting on second-year wood not removed in season one. QTL associated with rate of fruit development were identified on both primocane and fruiting canes with both parents impacting.
Conclusions

Novel QTL associated with the developmental process of primocane fruiting were identified. These in the main, differed from developmental QTL for similar developmental stages on fruiting canes (second year canes) with only one significant overlap on linkage group 6. In general, the process of development on fruiting canes overall differed from that in a biennial x biennial population, with the differences being greatest on linkage groups 3 and 6 suggesting control of development differs in the different fruiting types. Further understanding will be achieved by examining genome regions linked to QTL to allow breeding to meet climate requirements for yield stability.
O lúdico e o professor reflexivo no ensino religioso: uma abordagem plausível para a diversidade
Authors: Silveira Neto Harry Carvalho da , Andrade Fabienne Louise Juvêncio Paes de , Donato Fabiana Juvêncio Aguiar , Carmona Raquel de Lordes de Miranda e Silva
Published: January 2021

Lecionar o ensino religioso não é nada fácil, requer do professor uma formação acadêmica um conhecimento considerável, principalmente em um aspecto metodológico. Esse profissional é um mediador e responsável por trabalhar as questões das religiões e espiritualidade, portanto, um promotor do diálogo inter-religioso, um condutor de reflexões, que busca a formação ética, moral e criação de uma cultura de paz no ambiente das religiões entre os sujeitos envolvidos. Lúdico é um adjetivo masculino com origem no latim ludos e faz referência à prática de jogos e divertimento. Uma atividade lúdica atrelada à educação não tem só a intenção de entreter, dá prazer e divertir os sujeitos envolvidos. Um professor que reflete sobre tais métodos montará uma proposta pedagógica inovadora e assim, criará um ambiente satisfatório aos alunos, além de proporcionar uma aprendizagem dinâmica, significativa e consciente, que traga ao exercício da prática de um mundo mais bem vivido através do respeito mútuo entre a diversidade ideológica, de classes, gênero, racial e religiões e seus adeptos.
Gerenciamento de resíduos recicláveis do Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco: proposição de capacitação dos servidores
Authors: Moura Eduardo Lemos de , Cordeiro Luiz Filipe Alves , Sousa Wanderson dos Santos , Melo Daniele de Castro Pessoa de , Modenesi Thiago Vasconcelos
Published: January 2021

As instituições públicas, com sua representatividade e indutoras de comportamento social, devem contribuir com exemplos de práticas saudáveis de gestão ambiental, minimizando os impactos negativos provenientes de suas atividades. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar o estudo da percepção ambiental do corpo funcional do Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco (TJPE) visando à construção de proposições para o aprimoramento da capacitação com o intuito de elevar a sensibilização desses quanto às questões socioambientais implantadas no gerenciamento de resíduos recicláveis. O trabalho foi realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e aplicação de questionários direcionados a 167 servidores. Constatou-se como resultados principais que, apesar da gestão sustentável ter obtido resultados positivos, destacou-se o desafio da quebra do paradigma da dicotomia teoria/prática, onde apesar do corpo funcional possuir conhecimentos ambientais, dificuldades foram encontradas, que demandam gestão para aperfeiçoamento na infraestrutura de gerenciamento de resíduos recicláveis e na sensibilização e capacitação dos servidores, visando a uma participação mais efetiva. Diante do exposto, é recomendado rever a infraestrutura implantada, a construção das capacitações, realizando uma educação ambiental contínua, acessível a todos e voltada para despertar o interesse nas práticas saudáveis nas instituições e fomentar o alcance da responsabilidade socioambiental.
Sustentabilidade versus legislação vigente: uma análise no perfil das licitações sustentáveis no Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Leite Maria de Fátima de Lima , Cordeiro Luiz Filipe Alves , Melo Daniele de Castro Pessoa de , Aquino Ronaldo Ribeiro Barbosa de
Published: January 2021

As licitações sustentáveis têm ganhado cada vez mais espaço nas diretrizes de gestão pública, mesmo que grande parte dos órgãos públicos ainda desconheça ou não faça uso destas práticas. A crescente quantidade de legislações referente às licitações sustentáveis no passar dos anos mostra a importância do tema para os órgãos públicos. O objetivo deste trabalho, à luz da legislação vigente, foi verificar os ganhos obtidos com a implementação de critérios socioambientais no Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco, mais especificamente no tocante à implementação de tecnologia LED, visando à eficiência energética em iluminação. Após a identificação dos critérios foi feita a análise de como estes podem ser evidenciados de maneira objetiva nos editais de licitações. Posteriormente, foi realizado um estudo de caso para analisar a utilização de critérios socioambientais nos editais de licitações para aquisição de lâmpadas do tipo LED. O estudo de caso desenvolvido demonstrou ganhos ambientais, econômicos e sociais para o Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco e todos os stakeholders. Espera-se que as licitações sustentáveis sejam a regra e não a exceção em um futuro próximo, contribuindo para as mudanças nos padrões de produção e consumo da sociedade em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável.
Processos físicos e químicos para o tratamento de efluentes: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Azevedo Paulo Gabriel Ferreira de , Oliveira Débora Carvalho da Silva , Cavalcanti Luiz Antonio Pimentel
Published: January 2021

O aumento da produção industrial, provocado pelo crescimento da população mundial, tem gerado uma maior carga de poluentes, dentre eles, os efluentes, comprometendo recursos hídricos. A fim de mitigar os impactos ao meio ambiente, métodos de tratamentos de efluentes têm sido amplamente estudados, sendo os físicos (adsorção, coagulação/floculação) e os químicos (processos oxidativos) os principais. O presente trabalho traz uma revisão integrativa e principais resultados encontrados na literatura especializada para esses métodos, no tratamento de diversos tipos de efluentes. Diante disso, esse trabalho poderá servir de base para fundamentação teórica para pesquisas sobre tratamentos de efluentes, uma vez que foram reunidos e discutidos conceitos e resultados acerca destes tratamentos.
A epopeia do "bem-nascido": Padre Ibiapina e o mito das bem aventuranças
Authors: Nascimento Diógenes Faustino do , Cavalcanti Carlos André Macêdo , Mendonça Joselma Bianca Silva de Souza
Published: January 2021

O desenvolvimento do corpo do artigo inicia-se com uma brevíssima contextualização histórica e biográfica da vida e obras do Missionário no nordeste brasileiro. Foram feitos alguns recortes de paisagens textuais destacadas por seus editores e biógrafo apresentando-o como o "escolhido", o "predestinado", o "bem-nascido". Tendo feito tais comentários, foram feitos os destaques, a saber, as passagens textuais do relato da morte do Padre Ibiapina em Arara, hoje Santuário de Santa Fé, no Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. E para tanto fez-se uso da metodologia etnográfica por meio da análise bibliográfica e biográfica ao passo que demonstrou-se a forma simples da passagem do mito para a História, suas significações e releituras. Ao fim e ao cabo, ensejou-se dissertar nas considerações finais como esse contágio mítico, de caráter arcaico, é revivido e rememorado e atualizado em forma relativa de releitura do(s) mito(s).
20. YÜZYIL YENİ-KLASİKÇİLİK AKIMINDA BAROK ÜSLUP: M. RAVEL’İN “LE TOMBEAU DE COUPERİN” ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇAKICI UZAR Aylin
Published: January 2021

19. yüzyıl sonlarında müzikte etkisini gösteren ‘Barok hareketi’, özellikle Almanya ve Fransa’da birçok bestecinin eserlerinde bir üslup olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Yeni-klasizm olarak sınıflandırılan bu akım kısa sürede Avrupa’ya yayılmış ve Fransız müziği için daha güçlü bir kimlik arayışındaki Ravel’in de içinde bulunduğu bestecileri etkisi altına almıştır. Bu çalışmada, 20. yüzyıl müziğinde önemli bir akım haline gelen ‘Yeni-klasikçi’ anlayış araştırılmış, bu üslupta yazılmış eserler ve besteciler hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Bu bilgilere ‘Yeni-klasik’ düşüncede eserleri olan Fransız besteciler de dâhil edilmiş, Maurice Ravel’in 20. yüzyıl Fransız müziğindeki yeri ve önemi söz konusu bağlamda ayrıca değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra M. Ravel’in ‘Yeni-klasik’ üslupta önemli eserlerinden biri olan, solo piyano için ‘Le Tombeau de Couperin’ süitinin ortaya çıkma süreci ve süitin bölümlerinin stilistik yapısından bahsedilmiştir.
Heme-Iron OptiFer® in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy
Authors: Abdelazim Ibrahim A. , AbuFaza Mohannad , Al-Ajmi Soud M. , Amer Osama O. , Shikanova Svetlana , Karimova Bakyt
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVES: This study designed to compare the efficacy, and tolerability of heme-iron OptiFer® to ferrous fumarate in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy.
STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred and thirty-four (234) women with iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy were included in this study; 121 women in the heme-iron OptiFer® group, and 113 women in the ferrous fumarate group. Women in the heme-iron OptiFer® group received OptiFer® tablets twice daily for ≥3 months then once daily as a maintenance dose. Women in the ferrous fumarate group received 350 mg oral ferrous fumarate once daily for ≥3 months. The pre-treatment ferritin, hemoglobin, red blood cells-mean corpuscular volume, and red blood cells-mean corpuscular hemoglobin were compared by the post-treatment values in the two studies.
RESULTS: The post-treatment hemoglobin and ferritin were significantly high in the heme-iron OptiFer® group (11.2±7.1 gm/dL and 112.8±54.8 ug/l, respectively) compared to the ferrous fumarate group (10.9 ±5.1 and 89.9±43.3, respectively; p=0.0002 and p=0.006; respectively). The post-treatment red blood cells-mean corpuscular volume and red blood cells-mean corpuscular hemoglobin were significantly high in the heme-iron OptiFer® group (92.0±4.1 fl and 31.9±6.2 pg, respectively) compared to the ferrous fumarate group (87.7±2.9 and 28.5±4.7, respectively; p=0.0001 and p=0.001, respectively). The rates of poor compliance and gastrointestinal intolerance were significantly high in the ferrous fumarate group compared to the heme-iron OptiFer® group (12.4% and 19.5%, respectively versus 3.3% and 2.5%, respectively), (p=0.01 and p=0.0001, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Heme-iron OptiFer® is an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy with low side effects. heme-iron OptiFer® can be used in women who have low compliance, and/or gastrointestinal intolerance to conventional iron salts.
Redundant binary codes in genetic algorithms: multi-objective design optimization of water distribution networks
Authors: Tanyimboh Tiku T.
Published: January 2021

Genetic algorithms have been shown to be highly effective for optimization problems in various disciplines, and binary coding is generally adopted as it is straightforward to implement and lends itself to problems with discrete-valued decision variables. However, a difficulty associated with binary coding is the existence of redundant codes that do not correspond to any element in the finite discrete set that the encoded parameter belongs to. A common technique used to address redundant binary codes is to discard the chromosomes in which they occur. Effective alternatives to the outright removal of redundant codes are lacking in the literature. This article presents illustrative examples based on the problem of optimizing the design of water distribution networks. Two benchmark networks in the literature and two different multi-objective design optimization models were considered. Different fixed mapping schemes gave significantly different solutions in the search space. The main inference from the results is that mapping schemes that improved diversity in the population of solutions achieved better results, which may pave the way for the development of practical and effective mapping schemes.
Effect of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration on microbial community in MBBR reactor
Authors: Yuan Huizhou , Li Yong , Wang Kun
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the nitrogen removal efficiency of the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) under different ammonia nitrogen concentrations (states P1–P5), especially the composition of various forms of nitrogen, related genes and microbial community structure and succession law in the effluent of the reactor. The results show that the average efficiency of MBBR effluent denitrification is 63.63%. The concentration dynamics of NO3−-N and NO2−-N in the effluent indicated a relatively short-range nitrification and denitrification reaction in the MBBR. The results of 16SrDNA sequencing of P1–P5 microbial samples found that changes in the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent produced significant changes in the composition of the microbial community in the MBBR. The genera Ottowia and Flavobacterium played an important role in the nitrogen removal of the MBBR system.
MicroRNA and Exosome in Retinal-related Diseases: Their Roles in the
Pathogenesis and Diagnosis
Authors: Salmaninejad Arash , Pourali Ghazaleh , Shahini Ali , Darabi Hassan , Azhdari Sara
Published: January 2021

The precise and exquisite architecture of the retina is directly related to vision. Therefore, any mechanisms which
are associated with disruption of retinal structure could affect on quality of vision. A large number studies indicated that
several cellular and molecular processes involved in retina pathogenesis. Among different risk factors which are reported as
important players in the retina diseases, deregulation of epigenetic contributors, have critical roles in the pathogenesis of
these diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small non-coding RNAs that involved in various signaling pathways
involved in the retina diseases. These molecules exert their function though targeting a sequence of cellular and molecular
signals. Long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs are other non-coding RNAs which can exert their regulatory
roles via miRNA sponging. In this regard, it has been showed that miRNA sponging could modulate a variety of pathways
in retinal diseases. Besides miRNAs, exosomes are other players in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases. Exosomes are
biological vectors which could carry their cargos to recipient cells. The cargos of exosomes (i.e., proteins, lncRNAs,
miRNAs, and fragments of DNA) enable to change behaviors of host cells. Here, we summarized the roles of miRNAs,
miRNAs sponging and exosomes in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases.
Protein and Small-Molecule Leucopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis Stimulators
Authors: Farsa Oldřich , Zubáč Peter
Published: January 2021

Pluripotent stem cells of the bone marrow are stimulated by different cytokines to proliferation
and differentiation into various types of blood cells. These cytokines are mostly glycoproteins.
Erythropoietin stimulates stem cells to the formation of erythrocytes while colony-stimulating factors
cause the formation of different types of white blood cells. Stem cell factors play an important role in
the maintenance and survival of blood cells of all types. Thrombopoietin stimulates stem cells to proliferation
and formation of blood platelets. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is probably the most
important drug in use. It stimulates stem cells to the formation of neutrophile granulocytes. It is often
used in recombinant forms such as filgrastim in the treatment of neutropenia in cancer chemotherapy
or AIDS. Its pegylated conjugates such as pegfilgrastim are also available. Its activity can be supported
by plerixafor, a small molecule – bicyclam derivative acting as an indirect agonist of stem cells
factor. It acts as an antagonist of CXCR4 receptor activation of which brakes hematopoiesis. The
treatment of conditions accompanied by thrombocytopenia such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
is currently not performed by thrombopoietin but synthetic agonists of its receptor are preferred.
Romiplostim is a peptibody. It consists of a protein part interacting with the thrombopoietin receptor
which is, however, different from thrombopoietin, and of Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G1. In contrast,
small molecule thrombopoietin receptor agonists represented by eltrombopag can be given orally
unlike all of the above.
Full Kinetics and Mechanism Investigation for Generating 4-Substituted 1, 4- Dihydropyridine Derivatives in the Presence of Green Catalyst and Aqueous Medium: Experimental Procedure
Authors: Habibi-Khorassani Sayyed Mostafa , Shahraki Mehdi , Talaiefar Sadegh
Published: January 2021

Aims and Objective:

The main objective of the kinetic investigation of the reaction between ethyl
acetoacetate 1, ammoniumacetat 2, dimedone 3, and diverse substitutions of benzaldehyde 4-X, (X= H, NO2, CN,
CF3, Cl, CH (CH3)2, CH3, OCH3, OCH3, and OH) for generating 4-substituted 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivatives
(product 5) was to recognize the most realistic reaction mechanism. The layout of the reaction mechanism was
studied kinetically via a UV-visible spectrophotometry approach.

Materials and Methods:

Among the various mechanisms, only mechanism1 (path1) involving 12 steps was recognized
as a dominant mechanism (path1). Herein, the reactions between 1 and 2 (kobs= 814.04 M-1.min-1) and also
between 3 and 4-H (kobs= 151.18 M-1.min-1) can be accepted as the first and second steps (step1 and step2) of
the reaction mechanism, respectively. Amongst all steps, only step9 of the dominant mechanism (path1) comprised
substituent groups (X) near the reaction center.

Results and Discussion:

Para electron-withdrawing or donating groups on the compound 4-X increased the rate
of the reaction 4 times more or decreased 8.7 times less than the benzaldehyde alone. So, this step is sensitive for
monitoring any small or huge changes in the reaction rate. Accordingly, step9 is the rate-determining step of the
reaction mechanism (path1).

Conclusion:

The recent result is in agreement with the Hammett description of an excellent dual substituent factor
(r = 0.990) and positive value of reaction constant (ρ= +0.9502), which confirms that both the resonance and
inductive effects “altogether” contribute to the reaction center of step9 in the dominant mechanism (path1).
Updating Levothyroxine Synthesis for the Modern Age
Authors: Perera Shashika Sevvandi , Wanninayake Umayangani Kumari , Welideniya Dhanushi Thathsara , Jayathilaka Adeesha Saseenda , Acharige Anjana Delpe , Samanthi Upamalika , Kaleel Shihan Shalinda , Karunaratne Veranja , Amaratunga Gehan , Gunasekera Dinara Shashanka
Published: January 2021

Synthesis of levothyroxine sodium, the sodium salt of a synthetic levoisomer of thyroxine, revolutionized the management of hypothyroidism and related symptoms. However, the primary synthetic route to this active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is more than 70+ years old with low-yielding steps and obsolete reagents. It lacks experimental data on intermediates, making laboratory and large-scale synthesis of this API difficult and time-consuming. Here, we describe an improved synthesis of levothyroxine using commonly available modern reagents. By modifying and replacing low yielding and/or unproductive steps of Chalmers synthesis, we were able to achieve higher overall yields (39-51%) consistently. Key modifications include an alternative path to the selective N-acetylation step that yielded 5 in a pure and consistent fashion. Our improved methodology, coupled with detailed experimental data, provides a practical alternative to existing methods that can be conveniently implemented to synthesize Levothyroxine sodium in fine chemical settings.
Pharmacophore-based Screening for Identification of Human Acyl-CoA Cholesterol Acyltransferase Inhibitors: An In-silico Study
Authors: Dhaundiyal Ankit , Kumari Puja , Kalra Shasta
Published: January 2021

Aims:

A pharmacophore based in silico study for screening out Human Acyl-CoA cholesterol
acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors.

Background:

Human Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) plays an important role in catalysis
of reaction which converts cholesterol into cholesteryl esters and long-chain fatty acyl coenzyme
A. The inhibition of ACAT has therapeutically potential roles in hypercholestrolemia, atherosclerosis
and coronary heart disease.

Objective:

As no 3D structure of Human Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is reported,
ligand based design of the inhibitors is required that which converts cholesterol into cholesteryl esters.

Methods:

For better understanding of essential chemical features for ACAT inhibition and identifying
novel inhibitors, a three-dimensional (3D) chemical-feature-based quantitative QSAR pharmacophore
model for available ACAT inhibitors have been developed for first time using Discovery Studio 2.5.

Results:

The best model (Hypo1) having lowest total cost (84.14), highest cost difference (69.67),
highest correlation coefficient (0.94), and lowest RMS (1.15Å), constitutes of one hydrogen bond
acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, two hydrophobic aromatic and one hydrophobic aliphatic feature.
The pharmacokinetic properties and toxicities of top 10 active hits obtained from virtual screening
were predicted for ZINC33073636 and ZINC33073625.

Conclusion:

These studies thus provide a pharmacophore model, which will be helpful in designing
novel human ACAT inhibitors.
Analysis of Heart Rate Variability and Implication of Different Factors on Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Tiwari Reena , Kumar Ravindra , Malik Sujata , Raj Tilak , Kumar Punit
Published: January 2021

Background:

The heart is the central organ of the circulatory system which maintains the flow of blood along with the transport of nutrients to different cells and tissues. A well-functioning cardiac state is a complicated mode of changeability. A healthy heart is not only about oscillation as the rhythmometer is not the same in every circumstance. Heart rate shows variations so that it can be regulated according to psychophysiological conditions to maintain the effect of the internal-external stimulus.

Objective:

The main objective of this review is to provide a piece of all-inclusive information about heart rate variability (HRV) and different variables affecting HRV. The direct interconnection among factors and so that HRV can be used in clinical practices.

Methods:

This review article contains a detailed survey of literature about HRV available in different online sources such as; Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science, etc. In this review, the authors have focused on the role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of HRV and the role of various factors affecting HRV.

Results:

The variation in the time between two heartbeats is termed as HRV. It is one of the indicators of many pathological conditions related to cardiovascular health. It provided reliable information about the interaction of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The analysis of the variation of heart rate is a well-known non-invasive technique to identify the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) depends on the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system for transferring information. The cardio-accelerating center, lungs, and non-striated muscles are innervated by cardiac sympathetic nerves. This division of ANS latches upon the heart accordingly via the cervicothoracic ganglion and vagus nerve. It is found that cardiac normal variability depends upon this stimulation towards the sinoatrial node (pacemaker) which can be evaluated by analyzing the HRV. In human-
based studies, it has been found that low level of HRV is one of the main causes of death rate among adults. Hence, HRV helps in identifying the risk of cardiac diseases and the state of ANS.

Conclusion:

The heart plays a vital role in the human body and the well-functioning of the cardiac system is the need for a healthy life. The heart contains its nervous system termed as neurocardio system in which ANS plays a key role in which the sympathetic and parasympathetic system interplay to regulate HRV. High HRV is associated with healthy condition while low HRV is associated with pathological conditions. The HRV is influenced by various variables such as; pathological, physiological, psychological, environmental factors, lifestyle factors, and genetic factors, etc.
An Automatic Glioma Segmentation System Using a Multilevel Attention Pyramid Scene Parsing Network
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Gao Shouwei , Huang Zheng
Published: January 2021

Background:

Due to the significant variances in their shape and size, it is a challenging task to automatically
segment gliomas. To improve the performance of glioma segmentation tasks, this paper proposed a multilevel attention
pyramid scene parsing network (MLAPSPNet) that aggregates the multiscale context and multilevel features.

Methods:

First, T1 pre-contrast, T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T1 post-contrast sequences
of each slice are combined to form the input. Afterward, image normalization and augmentation techniques are applied to
accelerate the training process and avoid overfitting, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed MLAPSPNet that introduces
multilevel pyramid pooling modules (PPMs) and attention gates is constructed. Eventually, the proposed network is
compared with some existing networks.

Results:

The dice similarity coefficient (DSC), sensitivity and Jaccard score of the proposed system can reach 0.885,
0.933 and 0.8, respectively. The introduction of multilevel pyramid pooling modules and attention gates can improve the
DSC by 0.029 and 0.022, respectively. Moreover, compared with Res-UNet, Dense-UNet, residual channel attention UNet
(RCA-UNet), DeepLab V3+ and UNet++, the DSC is improved by 0.032, 0.026, 0.014, 0.041 and 0.011, respectively.

Conclusion:

The proposed multilevel attention pyramid scene parsing network can achieve state-of-the-art performance,
and the introduction of multilevel pyramid pooling modules and attention gates can improve the performance of glioma
segmentation tasks.
Model Group Investigation Berbantuan Media Diorama Peristiwa Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Umah Siti Wahdatul , Suad Suad , Roysa Mila
Published: January 2021

This research aims to improve students' cognitive and psychomotor domains using the group investigation learning model assisted by the diorama event of seventh-themed fifth-grade elementary school two the Panjunan academic years 2019/2020. The research carried out is class action research (Classroom Action Research). Classroom Action Research in 2 Cycles with two meetings for each cycle. Each cycle consists of 4 stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. This action was carried out in the fifth class of elementary school two Panjunan with 29 students. The independent variable was the investigation group model, and the dependent variable was the learning outcome. The research instrument was an observation, interviews, and documentation—the data analysis techniques. The results and student learning in the cognitive domain, in the pre-cycle of the Social Studies moment showed 48% to 45% in the cycle (I) one, soaring in the cycle (II) two with 89.7%. In the cognitive realm, the results and student learning in the Indonesian language pre-cycle showed 83% to 52% in cycle (I) one, soaring in the cycle (II) two with a result of 93.1%. The results of student learning in the psychomotor domain, from the cycle (I) one with a value of 76% good category (B) jumped by 81% good category (B) in the cycle (II) two. These results indicated that the investigation group had better.Keywords: Cognitive and Psychomotor Ability, Group Investigation, Diorama of Events====================================================================================================Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran group investigation berbantuan media diorama peristiwa tema 7 kelas V SD 2 Panjunan. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan di kelas V SD 2 Panjunan dengan subjek penelitian 29 siswa berlangsung selama dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Variabel bebasnya adalah model group investigation dan variabel terikat adalah hasil belajar. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil belajar siswa ranah pengetahuan, di prasiklus muatan IPS memperoleh 48% menjadi 45% di siklus I, meningkat di siklus II sebesar 89,7%. Hasil belajar siswa ranah pengetahuan, di prasiklus muatan Bahasa Indonesia memperoleh 83% menjadi 52% di siklus I, meningkat di siklus II sebesar 93,1%. Hasil belajar siswa ranah keterampilan, dari siklus I sebesar 76% (baik) meningkat sebesar 81% (baik) dalam siklus II.Kata kunci: Hasil Belajar, Group Investigation, Diorama Peristiwa
Uji Kelayakan Pengembangan Buku Ajar Tematik Berbasis Inkuiri Kontekstual untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ardiansyah Amalia Rizki
Published: January 2021

This research aims to determine a thematic text book's feasibility based on elementary school students' contextual inquiry. The model used in the development is Dick & Carey, which has been simplified by the researcher into nine development stages as follows: (1) identifying objectives, (2) conducting learning analysis, (3) analyzing students and learning context, (4) formulating learning objectives, (5) developing assessment instruments, (6) developing learning strategies, (7) developing and selecting learning materials,( 8) conducting formative evaluations, and (9) product revisions. The product development then goes through a validation test by the material expert, design expert, and user expert by using different expert instruments. The result of the feasibility test has been analyzed descriptively. The result shows that the thematic textbook based on contextual inquiry with the percentage of feasibility from the material expert was 97,6% (valid), from design expert was 78,27% (valid), and from the user was 98,96% (valid). The result shows that the textbook which has been developed was feasible and can be implemented with little revision.
Syi’ah dan Perubahan Sosial
Authors: * Adi Cilik Pierewan
Published: January 2021

The aim of this article is to describe about Syi’ah in Indonesia. This article will describe about the first history of Syi’ah entered to Indonesia.  Second is social background that effected development of Syi’ah in Indonesia. Third is the factors that push of founding of IJABI and fourth is purposes of IJABI. Syi’ah, the marginal school in Islamic tradition, is the interesting topic that can be explored in social change discipline.  In the early development of Islam, Syi’ah is the form of rebellion that attack to Islamic mainstream tradition. Islamic mainstream tradition here, s represented by Sunni that dominate Islamic kingdom. Keywords: Social change; syi’ah; Islamic tradition
Nasionalisme vs Globalisasi ‘Hilangnya’ Semangat Kebangsaan dalam Peradaban Modern
Authors: * Grendi Hendrastomo
Published: January 2021

This article is going to discuss about the conflict between nationalism and globalization in Indonesia. The focus of this article will be more illuminated on the decreasing of causal factor of nationalism. Nationalism in Indonesia is fading sooner or later and will be replaced by the arousal of ethnicities and globalism. There is a tendency to give more priority to their group’s importance and superiority more than what they give to their countries. Beside from the strengthening of ethnicities, openness and modernity which are the products of globalization are undermining our nationalism. This article will also describe the perspective of world as a global villages where world is as part of the globalization in where the interaction among person is as if it is borderless. Keywords: Nationalism, Globalisation, Ethnicities, Imagined Community.
PERSEPSI DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA (Penelitian di Desa Panggungharjo, Kec. Sewon, Kab. Bantul)
Authors: * Taat Wulandari
Published: January 2021

This research’s goal is to learn on the development of the Family Planned program in the village after these years; various participations from people including village leaders (formal and non-formal), cadres and Family Planned participants, husbands and young people. Villager’s perception, which consists of viewpoint and behavior of the leaders, cadres, husbands, and the young people to the Family Planned program and its advantage in the village during these years. This research was using the method of descriptive qualitative. This research is meant to reveal various qualitative information with detail and meaningful analysis-descriptive, however does not ignore the quantitative information in the form of number nor amount. In each project will be seen the tendency, the pattern of thinking, disorder, behavior and the integration in genetic study of case. As mentioned previously, this research is using the strategy of case study. This type of strategy of with more specific details is called embedded case study research. The results of this research show that after all these years, the Family Planned program in Pangggungharjo village was routinely held and or even more has been the tradition in society; to the Family Planned program, the perception of society, leaders and also health experts are positive therefore they highly participate. However, the forms of participations are limited to their understanding of the Family Planned program. The most highly participated people are those Family Planned program’s participants themselves. While the participation of the Health Center’s officers are by serving the program, leaders and cadres are limited to invite to join and facilitate the program. The relation of perception and participation is strong mostly because of the economic, social and culture background. The characteristic of simple life also put simple behavior in their daily life. Keywords: Family Planned, Participation, Perception
KEBIJAKAN NASIONAL TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: * Poerwanti Hadi Pratiwi
Published: January 2021

This article is going to discuss about national policy in the development of environment concept, or known as Ecodevelopment. The focus of this article will be more illuminated on the decreasing of causal factor of development in Indonesia. Ecodevelopment strategy consist of especially elements are community different from others, specific cultural values, live in specific territories, and specific resources too. Because of ecodevelopment strategy goals are reform and develop specific conditions, not create "development" in term GNP (Gross National Product) or another abstraction. Ecodevelopment can be applied in various local ecosystem according cultural and ecology data from specific community. Now, Indonesia active doing development in all aspect, be up against some problems of ecology acpect. Ecodevelopment policies are approach of resources management, the welfare meaning, responsibility from inter-generation, and factor of problems. Keywords: Ecodevelopment, National Policy, Environment
EKSISTENSI KEHIDUPAN BURUH GENDONG PEREMPUAN DI PASAR BERINGHARJO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: * Trina Melianingsih, Sheila Oksapariana a
Published: January 2021

The theme of this research is about the strategy of labor carriers (buruh gendong) to exist in facing the various life dynamics around the area of Beringharjo market, Yogyakarta. Researcher desire to know how the strategy or effort done by all labor in order to take care of themselves existence and also how the role of the social capital that playing in a part of its effort. Strategy can be formulated as effort to take care of themselves existence as labor carry on the back woman at Beringharjo market. Method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. In this research, there are six labors of women carriers (buruh gendong perempuan) that still active work around the area of Beringharjo market taken as the informant object. According to them, we know how their efforts and strategy done to take care of themselves existence in facing of the dynamics life at Beringharjo market. One of their strategies is join the labor group in the area of Beringharjo market. Sayuk Rukun Association directs under construction an institution which interest in charwoman activity. A lot of efforts developed, for example cooperation, saving and loan and religious activity which usually always continued with the activity of health service. In religious activity, it also gives some materials to add their knowledge. In this research found some factors related to the background of the existence of labor woman carriers (buruh gendong perempuan) and also efforts done to maintain themselves in facing of market economics.   Keyword: Existence, Labor, Woman Carrier
PERAN LEMBAGA SWADAYA MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN MELALUI PELATIHAN LIFE SKILL (Studi kasus di Lembaga Advokasi Pendidikan Yogyakarta)
Authors: * Kiromim Baroroh
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Peran Lembaga Advokasi Pendidikan Yogyakarta (LAPY) dalam memberdayakan perekonomian perempuan, 2) Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat pemberdayaan perempuan program life skill menjahit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di kantor LAPY, tempat pelatihan dan tempat usaha/rumah peserta pelatihan Life Skill. Waktu penelitian  dilaksanakan selama satu setengah tahun  yaitu Januari 2007 sampai Juni 2008. Informan Penelitian : Peserta pelatihan, tutor pelatihan, dan pengurus LAPY. Teknik Pengumpulan Data: Wawancara, Pengamatan dan Dokumentasi . Teknik analisis data yaitu (1) reduksi data; (2) sajian data; dan (3) penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:  1). Peran LAPY dalam memberdayakan perekonomian perempuan melalui life skill dilakukan melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan menjahit sampai permagangan dan pemberian modal usaha. Disini peran LAPY adalah sebagai fasilitator dan motivator. 2).Faktor pendukung pendampingan program pemberdayaan perempuan: Kerja sama antara pengurus LSM dan masyarakat sasaran, serta adanya pihak ketiga yaitu BMT Bringahrjo yang bersedia memberikan bantuan modal. b. Faktor penghambat: 1).Faktor penghambat yang berasal dari kelompok sasaran program adalah: kurangnya kesadaran dan kemauan untuk menerapkan pengetahuan tentang kewirausahaan, keterbatasan modal untuk meningkatkan penguasaan teknologi,  kurangnya kemampuan untuk memanfaatkan dunia usaha karena keraguan UKM untuk meningkatkan usaha,dan kurangnya akses terhadap sumber teknologi dan pengetahuan. 2)Faktor penghambat yang berasal dari LSM: Sistem perekrutan peserta belum dilakukan konsisten sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan, pengurus LSM yang mempunyai profesi lain tidak dapat berkonsentrasi memberikan pendampingan, kurangnya relawan yang bersedia melakukan pendampingan secara berkesinambungan.   Kata Kunci: LSM, Perempuan, Life Skill
STRATEGI HIDUP ANAK JALANAN (STUDI KASUS: KOMUNITAS GIRLI YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: * Sigit Setyo Indarto
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mendeskripsikan aktivitas dan kegiatan ekonomi yang dilakukan anak jalanan komunitas Girli untuk bertahan hidup, 2) Mendeskripsikan interaksi anak jalanan komunitas Girli dengan lingkungan masyarakat dan proses anak jalanan mempertahankan kelompok sosialnya, 3) Usaha yang dilakukan anak jalanan komunitas Girli untuk memperoleh kasih sayang, rasa nyaman dan perlindungan dalam sebuah komunitas sebagai pengganti peran keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Informan penelitian adalah anak jalanan komunitas Girli yang tinggal di Sanggar Omah Ijo, diambil secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara tak terstruktur, dan dokumen. Peneliti merupakan instrumen utama dalam melakukan penelitian, yang dibantu oleh pedoman observasi, pedoman wawancara, dan dokumen. Teknik yang digunakan dalam analisis data adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun untuk keabsahan data melalui triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Anak jalanan komunitas Girli secara ekonomi dapat bertahan hidup di jalanan dengan mempunyai aktivitas tetap (mengamen) dan aktivitas sampingan (pembuat kerajinan, penjual koran dan peta jogja, tukang parkir). 2) Anak jalanan komunitas Girli dalam membentuk dan mempertahankan komunitasnya memerlukan dua bentuk interaksi, yakni: interaksi yang bersifat di dalam komunitas dan interaksi yang bersifat di luar komunitas. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar eksistensi komunitasnya dapat bertahan di masyarakat. 3) Latar belakang anak jalanan Girli yang sebagian besar telah pisah dari orang tua dan keluarganya memerlukan peran pengganti untuk memperoleh kepuasan psikologis, misalnya: kasih sayang, rasa nyaman dan perlindungan sebagai salah satu bentuk pola bertahan hidup. Kebutuhan psikologis tersebut dapat diperoleh dengan cara menjadikan Sanggar Omah Ijo sebagai tempat tinggal dan pengurus sebagai pengganti peran orang tua yang telah hilang.   Kata kunci: Anak jalanan, bertahan hidup.
KORELASI ANTARA INTENSITAS PENGELOLAAN KELAS DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SOSIOLOGI SISWA KELAS XI IPS MAN GODEAN
Authors: * Feryda Indriyanti P
Published: January 2021

Prestasi belajar dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi usia, kematangan, kesehatan, kelelahan, suasana hati, motivasi, minat, kebiasaan belajar, bak at, kecerdasan, dan kemampuan kognitif. Faktor eksternal meliputi lingkungan alam dan sosial, kurikulum atau bahan pelajaran, guru atau pengajar, sarana dan fasilitas, administrasi atau manajemen yang didalamnya termasuk pengelolaan kelas yang dilakukan ol eh guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya korelasi antara intensitas pengelolaan kelas dengan prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa kelas XI IPS MAN Godean tahun ajaran 2008/2009, korelasi antara dan motivasi belajar dengan prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa kelas XI IPS MAN Godean tahun ajaran 2008/2009, serta korelasi antara intensitas pengelolaan kelas dan motivasi belajar sosiologi secara bersama –sama terhadap prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa kelas XI IPS MAN Godean tahun ajaran 2008/2009. Jenis penelitian ini berdasarkan data dan pendekatan analisisnya termasuk penelitian kuantitatif, sedangkan berdasarkan tingkat pembahasan yang digunakan termasuk penelitian eksplanatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS MAN Godean tahun ajaran 2008/2009 sebanyak 47 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket dengan skala likert untuk variabel intensitas pengelolaan kelas dan motivasi belajar sosiologi, metode observasi untuk variabel intensitas pengelolaan kelas, dan metode dokumentasi untuk variabel prestasi belajar sosiologi dengan mengambil data nilai semester gasal siswa kelas XI IPS MAN Godean tahun ajaran 2008/2009 pada mata pelajaran sosiologi. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan korelasi product moment dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat korelasi yang positif dan signifikan antara intensitas pengelolaan kelas dan prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa dengan korelasi sebesar 0.401, (2) terdapat korelasi yang positif dan signifikan antara motivasi belajar sosiologi dan prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa dengan korelasi sebesar 0.463, (3) terdapat korelasi yang positif dan signifikan antara intensitas pengelolaan kelas dan motivasi belajar sosiologi secara bersama -sama terhadap prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa dengan korelasi sebesar 0 .571, (4) sumbangan efektif intensitas pengelolaan kelas terhadap prestasi belajar sosiologi siswa adalah sebesar 40%, (5) sumbangan efektif motivasi belajar sosiologi terhadap presta si belajar sosiologi siswa  sebesar 58.21%.   Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Motivasi, Pengelolaan Kelas