bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loaches of Vanmanenia (Cypriniformes: Gastromyzontidae) from Yunnan, China with Description of a New Species
Authors: LI XU , ZHOU WEI , CHE XING-JIN
Published: May 2019

After comparing specimens of Vanmanenia collected from the Lancang-jiang (the upper Mekong River), Yuan-jiang (the upper Red River), Lixian-jiang (first branch of the Red River), and Jinsha-jiang (the upper Yangtze River) drainages in Yunnan, China, we considered the specimens of Vanmanenia from Shunbi Township, Yangbi County, Yunnan (a branch of the Lancang-jiang drainage basin, the upper Mekong River) a new species, herein named V. microcephala sp. nov. Our investigation also suggested that V. striata should be restored as a valid species. On the basis of the systematic comparison of morphological characteristics of the genus Vanmanenia and based on the combination of the characteristics of the rostral fold, rostral barbels, the bars/marks on the flank, the rows of spots on the paired fins, and the markings on the caudal-fin base, the loaches of Vanmanenia should be divided into three groups: 1) the barred group, characterized by bars on the flank, 2), the cusped rostral fold group, characterized by the rostral fold lobes forming a cusp process, and 3) the barbeled rostral fold group, characterized by the rostral fold lobes specialized as secondary barbels. The barred group differs from congeners in Vanmanenia by the following combination of characters: three rostral lobes with a smooth and arcuate outer edge, a pattern of bars on the flank, and spotless paired fins. This group includes six species: V. crassicauda, V. microcephala sp. nov., V. serrilineata, V. striata, V. tetraloba, and Vanmanenia pseudostriata. The new species, V. microcephala, differs from the other species in the barred group by the following combination of characters: the lateral side of the body with 14–22 vermiculations with widths smaller than the diameter of the eye; the dorsal side of the head covered with a large black blotch; the gill opening smaller and its upper angle aligned with the lower edge of the eye; and the head smaller, head depth 45.2–47.1% head length. The characteristic evolutionary trends, origin, and taxonomic status of the barred group in the genus Vanmanenia are also discussed.
Notes on Nearctic genera Catalinus Casey and Parascydmus Casey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: May 2019

Morphological structures of several glandulariine genera known to occur only in North America have never been properly described and illustrated. In consequence, status and diagnoses of some potentially key taxa to understand the evolution of the Northern Hemisphere Scydmaeninae remain unclear. Comparative morphological study of Catalinus and Parascydmus is intended to reduce this gap. Examination of type species revealed that both genera belong to glandulariine taxa characterized by the submentum demarcated laterally by sutures. The status as separate genus for Catalinus and Parascydmus is maintained. The most interesting discovery is that the Nearctic Parascydmus resembles most the endemic Japanese Rutaraphes; among other characters, these taxa share a uniquely modified frons and the aedeagus lacking parameres.
Improvement in the mechanical and tribological behavior of epoxy matrix with the inclusion of synthesized Ti3AlC2 MAX particles
Authors: Jamshidi Rasoul , Heidarpour Akbar , Aghamohammadi Hamed , Eslami-Farsani Reza
Published: May 2019

This study has investigated the mechanical and tribological performance of epoxy composites filled with different contents of Ti3AlC2 MAX phase particles. The Ti3AlC2 particles were synthesized by the mechanical alloying of Ti, Al and C powders. The ultrasonic blending was used for preparing the mixture of Ti3AlC2 and epoxy matrix. The Vickers microhardness and pin on disc tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical and wear properties of samples, respectively. Moreover, the fracture and worn surface of the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy images. Results showed that the microhardness values were increased due to increasing the content of Ti3AlC2 in the epoxy matrix. In this regard, the highest value of 39.24 Hv was achieved for composites containing 0.75 wt.% Ti3AlC2, which corresponds to the 75.4% improvement in microhardness value, compared to neat epoxy. Moreover, wear results demonstrated that the friction coefficient and wear rate values were decreased by the addition of Ti3AlC2 particles in the epoxy matrix.
The Massigli Affair and its Context: Turkish Foreign Policy after the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
Authors: Isci Onur
Published: May 2019

This article examines Turkey's wartime diplomacy between the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and Hitler's unleashing of Operation Barbarossa. Rather than a survey of Turkish foreign policy as a whole, it takes a critical episode from July 1940 as a case study that – when put in context – reveals how fear of Nazi power and even greater fear of the Soviet Union created in Turkey a complex view of a desired outcome from the Second World War. Juxtaposing archival materials in Turkish, Russian, German, and English, I draw heavily on the hitherto untapped holdings of the Turkish Diplomatic Archives (TDA). Overall, this article demonstrates both the breadth and limits of Nazi Germany's sweeping efforts to orchestrate anti-Soviet propaganda in Turkey; efforts that helped end interwar Soviet-Turkish cooperation. Against previously established notions in historiography that depict Soviet-Turkish relations as naturally hostile and inherently destabilizing, this article documents how the Nazi–Soviet Pact played a key role in their worsening bilateral affairs between 1939 and 1941. The argument, then, is in keeping with newer literature on the Second World War that has begun to compensate for earlier accounts that overlooked neutral powers.
A study on first citations of patents through a combination of Bradford’s distribution, Cox regression and life tables method
Authors: Tavakolizadeh-Ravari Mohammad , Soheili Faramarz , Makkizadeh Fatemeh , Akrami Fatemeh
Published: May 2019

The current research employs two survival analysis methods: Cox regression and life tables. The first determines the effect of inventor, assignee and country for receiving the first citation by patents. Life tables concern the time-lag between the dates of granting and receiving the first citation by patents. Bradford’s method is also established as a technique for categorization of patents, inventors, assignees and countries as a prerequisite for survival analysis. The research materials consist of 2837 patents in the area of ‘purification, separation, or recovery of hydrocarbon components’ which were classified under the classes 585/800 and 585/868 by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The findings showed that Bradford’s method complies with the distribution of citations of patents, first inventors and assignees. It means that Bradford’s distribution is well suited for determination of key patents, inventors and assignees in an area too. Cox regression revealed that only the inventors’ variable decides for receiving the first citation in terms of frequency, degrees of their inventions and citations. Life table data revealed that one half of the first citations were received in the first 10 years. As a conclusion, survival analysis methods provide the possibility for deciding technology lifetime and for predicting the determinants for the flow of knowledge through citation analysis.
Starting from Scratch: Co-production with dramatherapy in a Recovery College
Authors: Critchley Andy , Dokter Ditty , Odell-Miller Helen , Power Nicki , Sandford Stephen
Published: May 2019

This piece of writing has focused on the first stage of creating a co-production arts wing of the Recovery College and is written with the intention of demonstrating the practical value of a dramatherapy and ‘experts by experience’ collaboration. It includes an introduction to ‘recovery’ and the contemporary NHS guidelines for a Recovery College. The first four classes of co-production in action with a dramatherapist are described with feedback from students. Followed by a sharing of the evolution of this process into three new courses leading to a workshop, performance and exhibition on World Mental Health Day. It also includes a BASIC Ph evaluation analysis of group work through the three courses run in collaboration with a dramatherapist at the Recovery College. The following questions are addressed by the evaluation – Can dramatherapy effectively support the co-production process? Can these co-production situations be creatively defined and described by their participants? The conclusions are that dramatherapy lends itself to collaborative work. Service users share languages of resilience and, through forming social networks, improve in confidence and self-esteem.
Participation in Providence: Robert W. Jenson’s Theology of Prayer
Authors: Green Chris E. W.
Published: May 2019

This paper explores Robert W. Jenson’s theology of prayer as he articulated it over the course of a long, productive career. In the end, the paper critiques aspects of Jenson’s theology of providence, and an alternative account of petitionary prayer is offered.
Noteworthy Cardiac Surgical Literature 2018: Value-Based Bundled Payments, Opioid Crisis and Cardiac Surgery, Percutaneous Suction Thrombectomy for Intracardiac/Caval Thrombus and Vegetations, and Minimally Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement
Authors: Aftab Muhammad , Reece T. Brett , Cleveland Joseph C. , Pal Jay D.
Published: May 2019

There has been tremendous evolution in the care of cardiac surgical patients in 2018. In this article, 4 topics of considerable impact on cardiac surgical care in the current landscape are reviewed based on recent publications. The first topic reviews the recent paradigm shift to value-based payments and the potential role of bundled payments on health care and physician reimbursement. The second topic highlights the impact of the opioid crisis on cardiac surgery. The third topic demonstrates the increasing utilization and expanding role of novel percutaneous suction thrombectomy technique in the extraction of caval and right-sided intracardiac thrombi and vegetations with veno-venous bypass. The final topic reviews the current trend of minimally invasive left ventricular assist device placement. Each of these topics addresses the contemporary issues in cardiac surgery with the reasoning for evolution in our current practices in 2018.
Nothing as Practical as a Good Theory
Authors: Pawson Ray
Published: May 2019

This contribution is based on the second plenary address given at the 5th biennial meeting of the European Evaluation Society, 12 October 2002 in Seville, Spain.
Evaluation at the World Bank and Implications for Bilateral Donors
Authors: Stek Pieter
Published: May 2019

The text closely follows a contribution by the author on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of IOB, the evaluation body of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry for Development Co-operation.
Coping long term with active suicide in adolescents: Results from a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yen Shirley , Spirito Anthony , Weinstock Lauren M , Tezanos Katherine , Kolobaric Antonija , Miller Ivan
Published: May 2019

Background:

To adapt the Coping Long Term with Active Suicide Program (CLASP) for use with adolescents (CLASP-A) and to assess its feasibility and acceptability on an inpatient psychiatric unit. CLASP-A entailed three individual sessions and one family session, followed by a series of outpatient phone calls to adolescent and a designated parent/guardian over 6 months of follow-up.

Methods:

The open trial phase involved 17 adolescent/parent pairs, followed by a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which adolescent/parent pairs were randomized to CLASP-A ( n = 25) or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU; n = 25). Assessments were completed at baseline, 3- and 6-month follow-ups.

Results:

In the open trial, average in-person session attendance was 67%, and study treatment satisfaction was high. To enhance feasibility, we adapted CLASP-A to be completed in three individual sessions for the RCT; 77% of the sessions were completed and study satisfaction remained high in adolescents (3.32/4.0) and parents (3.62/4.0). There were no significant differences between groups in number of suicide attempts or readmissions during follow-up.

Conclusion:

Data indicate feasibility and acceptability of CLASP-A. However, the absence of treatment effects between groups raises questions regarding CLASP’s potential efficacy with adolescents or the need for more extensive adaptations for adolescents.
Contribution of constituent yarns of the worsted woven fabrics in various directions during the tensile loading
Authors: Mousazadegan Fatemeh , Ezazshahabi Nazanin
Published: May 2019

Despite the fact that tensile behavior of woven fabrics has been previously explored, the nonisotropic material qualities of fabrics can be considered from various points of view. From this perspective, this study is carried out to comprehensively inspect the tensile behavior of woven fabrics. Since worsted fabrics are considered in outwear clothing and their extension under low loads determines their shaping on the body, the extension behavior of the worsted woven fabrics in various directions was probed thoroughly. It was found that fabric stress variations in terms of time in all directions trace in a parabolic manner but the shape of the curve (open or close form) depends on the fabric direction. The above mentioned phenomenon is related to weft and warp yarn crimps and their contribution to tolerating the tensile load. In all fabric directions, it is possible to identify the tensile behavior index, which is the time of change in the fabric’s tensile behavior. The value of tensile behavior index against fabric direction follows a sinusoidal function, and it is affected by fabric weave structure and density.
Development and evaluation of torque distribution methods for four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle based on parameter estimation
Authors: Chen Zheming , Zhang Bohan , Chen Bao , Fu Jianghua
Published: May 2019

A hierarchical controller including a vehicle condition parameter estimator for improving the vehicle stability is theoretically applied to a four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicle. This study is aimed at combining the parameters estimation with vehicle stability control and evaluating different optimization algorithms based on the computation time and fluctuation. The hierarchical controller consists of a vehicle condition parameter estimator, active yaw moment controller, and torque distribution controller. The vehicle condition parameter estimator is based on the Unscented Kalman Filter, which avoids the truncation error caused by Taylor expansion to convert a nonlinear system into a linear system. The active yaw moment controller is designed based on the sliding mode control. The controller employs co-control between the vehicle sideslip angle and yaw rate, which properly accounts for both factors. The objective function of the torque distribution controller is based on the tire utilization function and constraint condition. The torque distribution and wheel slip rate are accounted for simultaneously. The torque distribution methods are tested based on nonlinear programming, quadratic programming, and weighted least squares for the sake of comparison. The simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed vehicle state estimator and the effectiveness of the proposed stability controller.
Proposed classification of endoleaks after endovascular treatment of Stanford type-B aortic dissections
Authors: Sharafuddin Mel J , Reece T Brett , Papia Giuseppe , Pozeg Zlatko I , Peterson Brian G , Shafi Bilal , Man Jeanette , Milner Ross
Published: May 2019

Objectives

Despite two decades of experience, no dedicated classification system exists to document and prognosticate patterns of endoleak encountered after endovascular therapy of type-B aortic dissection. This nomenclature gap has led to inconsistent management and underreporting of significant findings associated with adverse outcomes after endovascular treatment of type-B aortic dissection. Our goal was to propose a reproducible and prognostically relevant classification.

Methods

A multidisciplinary team of seven experienced open and endovascular aortic surgeons was assembled to provide consensus opinion. Extensive literature review was conducted. Deficiencies in the current classification approach of the various patterns of persistent filling of false lumen after endovascular therapy were identified.

Results

Our focus was to categorize high-risk and low-risk subgroups within endoleaks after endovascular treatment of type-B aortic dissection. In this classification, type-Ia endoleak refers to persistent filling of the false lumen in an antegrade manner. Causes include failure to cover the primary entry tear and sizing or technical related proximal seal failure. False lumen filling via distal entry tears is classified as type Ib endoleak, which is further sub-classified into b1 (major branch-related tears), and b2 (multiple small branches related tears). Retrograde ascending aortic dissection and stent graft-induced new entry were classified as type-I endoleaks (type-Ir and type-Is, respectively). Another focus was reclassification type-II endoleaks, with type-IIa endoleak referring to conventional retroleak from one or more posterior branches and type-IIx referring to retroleak from major branches (visceral or left subclavian arteries).

Conclusions

The majority of endoleaks after endovascular treatment of type-B aortic dissection are related to persistent or new filling of the false lumen. We propose a new false lumen-based classification schema for endoleaks occurring after endovascular therapy of type-B aortic dissection.
Camera calibration method based on Pascal’s theorem
Authors: Wang Xuechun , Zhao Yue , Yang Fengli
Published: May 2019

As one of the classical theories of projective geometry, Pascal’s theorem is closely related to the conic, which is the image of a circle. A circle is the geometric element typically used as a template for camera calibration methods. In this work, we propose a calibration method based on Pascal’s theorem and its inference, in which a circle is used as the calibration template. The proposed calibration method can be applied to solve the image of the circular points via the Newton iteration method. The intrinsic parameters of the camera can then be determined based on the constraints of the images of the circular points and the image of the absolute conic. The results of simulations and experiments conducted verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed calibration method.
Cotargeting Plk1 and androgen receptor enhances the therapeutic sensitivity of paclitaxel-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Shin Sol-Bi , Woo Sang-Uk , Yim Hyungshin
Published: May 2019

Backgrounds:

Despite the clinical success of taxanes, they still have limitations, such as chemoresistance. To overcome the limitations of paclitaxel, genetic alterations and targeting effects of altered genes were observed in paclitaxel-resistant cancer. Because paclitaxel-resistant cancer shows high levels of Plk1, a promising target in chemotherapy, the effectiveness of Plk1 inhibitors in paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells has been investigated.

Methods:

Paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells were developed by exposure of stepwise escalating levels of paclitaxel. Genetic alterations were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunoblotting. Using a cell viability assay, combined targeting effects for Plk1 and androgen receptor (AR) were determined. Clinical data were analyzed to understand the relationship between Plk1 and AR in prostate cancer patients.

Results:

Treatment with Plk1 inhibitors markedly reduced the expression of MDR1, MRP1, and Plk1 in the paclitaxel-resistant cancer. Among Plk1 inhibitors, genistein, recently found as a direct Plk1 inhibitor, tended to be more effective in the paclitaxel-resistant prostate cancer than the parental cancer cells, which was related to the suppression of the AR, as well as inhibition of Plk1 activity. A combination of Plk1 inhibitors and AR antagonist bicalutamide exhibited a synergistic effect in LNCaPTXR, as well as LNCaP cells, by inhibiting Plk1 and AR. Analysis of clinical data provides evidence for the relevance between Plk1 and AR in prostate cancer patients, showing that Plk1 and AR are strong predictors of poor survival rates.

Conclusions:

We suggest that cotargeting Plk1 and AR would be effective in advanced chemoresistant prostate cancer cells to overcome the limitations associated with paclitaxel.
Structural and diffuse reflectance characterization of cobalt-doped titanium dioxide nanostructured powder prepared via facile sonochemical hydrolysis technique
Authors: Alkallas FH , Elshokrofy KM , Mansour SA
Published: May 2019

This present study was carried out to synthesize cobalt-doped and undoped titanium dioxide nanosized particles using sonochemical hydrolysis technique. The microstructure and morphological characteristics of the synthesized samples have been studied using X-ray diffractometer and high-resolution transmission electron microscope, respectively. The obtained results of characterization have confirmed the amorphous nature of the undoped sample. However, cobalt-doped titanium dioxide samples are in anatase phase. The obtained phase structure proposed the effect of acidity level during the hydrolysis process at relatively low temperature. Anatase phase is the predominant phase for the doped samples with small traces of brookite phase depending on the concentration of cobalt nitrate as the precursor salt in the hydrolysis process. The estimated crystallite sizes of the doped samples are ranging from 6.1 nm to 6.8 nm. The diffuse reflectance measurement revealed high near-infrared solar reflectance ( R*), 85.3%, for amorphous nanosized titanium dioxide which is a white (non-coloured) sample. Moreover, cobalt-doped titanium dioxide, coloured samples, showed reasonable high values of R* with respect to their coloured feature and were found to be 53% and 51% for the synthesized samples at molecular weight percentage ratios between cobalt and titanium precursors; 5% and 10%, respectively.
Curcinomarcoide, a Novel Limonoid From Trichilia hirta (Meliaceae)—Complete 1H and 13C Chemical Shift Assignments
Authors: Curcino Vieira Milena G. , Filho Raimundo Braz , Curcino Vieira Ivo. J.
Published: May 2019

A novel limonoid named curcinomarcoide (1) was isolated from Trichilia hirta and characterized on the basis of its nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry spectral data and comparison with literature data.
Responding to Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Changes During Pediatric Coronal Spinal Deformity Surgery
Authors: Lewis Stephen J. , Wong Ian H. Y. , Strantzas Samuel , Holmes Laura M. , Vreugdenhil Ian , Bensky Hailey , Nielsen Christopher J. , Zeller Reinhard , Lebel David E. , de Kleuver Marinus , Germscheid Niccole , Alanay Ahmet , Berven Sigurd , Cheung Kenneth M. C. , Ito Manabu , Polly David W. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Qiu Yong , Lenke Lawrence G.
Published: May 2019

Study Design:

Retrospective case study on prospectively collected data.

Objectives:

The purpose of this explorative study was: 1) to determine if patterns of spinal cord injury could be detected through intra-operative neuromonitoring (IONM) changes in pediatric patients undergoing spinal deformity corrections, 2) to identify if perfusion based or direct trauma causes of IONM changes could be distinguished, 3) to observe the effects of the interventions performed in response to these events, and 4) to attempt to identify different treatment algorithms for the different causes of IONM alerts.

Methods:

Prospectively collected neuromonitoring data in pre-established forms on consecutive pediatric patients undergoing coronal spinal deformity surgery at a single center was reviewed. Real-time data was collected on IONM alerts with >50% loss in signal. Patients with alerts were divided into 2 groups: unilateral changes (direct cord trauma), and bilateral MEP changes (cord perfusion deficits).

Results:

A total of 97 pediatric patients involving 71 females and 26 males with a mean age of 14.9 (11-18) years were included in this study. There were 39 alerts in 27 patients (27.8% overall incidence). All bilateral changes responded to a combination of transfusion, increasing blood pressure, and rod removal. Unilateral changes as a result of direct trauma, mainly during laminotomies for osteotomies, improved with removal of the causative agent. Following corrective actions in response to the alerts, all cases were completed as planned. Signal returned to near baseline in 20/27 patients at closure, with no new neurological deficits in this series.

Conclusion:

A high incidence of alerts occurred in this series of cases. Dividing IONM changes into perfusion-based vs direct trauma directed treatment to the offending cause, allowing for safe corrections of the deformities. Patients did not need to recover IONM signal to baseline to have a normal neurological examination.
The story of one diamond: the heterogeneous distribution of the optical centres within a diamond crystal from the Ichetju placer, northern Urals
Authors: Vasilev Evgeny , Petrovsky Vitaly , Kozlov Alexander , Antonov Anton , Kudryavtsev Andrey , Orekhova Ksenia
Published: May 2019

We have investigated a diamond crystal that consists of several misorientated subgrains. The main feature of the crystal is the dark areas in the cathodoluminescent core that has ‘estuary-like’ boundaries extending along the subgrain interfaces. The core has >3100 ppm of nitrogen, and the share of the B form is >95%; the absorbance of the centre N3VH at 3107 cm–1 reaches 75 cm–1. The N3 centre absorbance, as well as N3 luminescence, is absent in the core. In the outer part of the crystal, bright blue luminescence of the N3 centre is apparent, and the N3 absorbance reaches 5.3 cm–1. These observations could be explained by the conversion of N3 centres to N3VH after attaching a hydrogen atom. After the full conversion of the N3 centres, the diamond becomes darker under CL. We hypothesise the dark core has a specific shape due to the post-growth diffusion of the hydrogen.
Numerical study of the effect of cement defects on flexural-wave logging
Authors: Song Ruolong , Dong Hefeng , Bao Xueshan
Published: May 2019

Cement-bond evaluation is needed for new wells and plug and abandonment activities. The ultrasonic leaky Lamb-wave (also called the flexural-wave) technique, in combination with the pulse-echo technique, has been widely used for cement-quality evaluation. Using a 2D time-domain staggered-grid stress-velocity finite-difference methodology, we have numerically investigated the attenuation and group velocity of flexural waves, and the scattering from defects, in the presence of a water-filled void in the cement annulus. The position, length, thickness, and burial depth of a defect are considered. The numerical study suggests that the combination of the attenuation and group velocity of the flexural wave allows for a discrimination between solids and liquids. The scattering from voids can be used to indicate the existence of a hidden defect, which cannot be detected by using the attenuation and group velocity if it is located larger than 5 mm away from the casing. The void signatures can even be used to characterize the geometry of the defect for neat cement. The numerical results provide improved understanding of flexural-wave logging results.
Nigrosome 1 imaging: technical considerations and clinical applications
Authors: Kim Eung Yeop , Sung Young Hee , Lee Jongho
Published: May 2019

A pathological study by Damier et al demonstrated that nigrosome 1, a dopaminergic neuron-rich region in the substantial nigra, is the most severely affected region in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Since then, researchers have identified the location of nigrosome 1 in the dorsal aspect of the substantia nigra using susceptibility-weighted imaging in MRI. Although this observation was reconfirmed by various imaging techniques and imaging planes, non-standardized imaging methods may rather limit the generalized use of this imaging finding. The aim of this review is to revisit the anatomical definition of the nigrosome 1 region using high-spatial-resolution susceptibility map-weighted MRI in order to help the readers to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality in the nigrosome 1 region. Thereafter, we discuss the current status of nigrosome 1 imaging at 3 T and show how to improve the imaging quality for better assessment of nigrosome 1. We also illustrate the imaging findings of various patients who presented with parkinsonism, which can help the readers to learn how to use these images in practice. Lastly, we discuss potential future works with nigrosome 1 susceptibility map-weighted MRI.
Inclusive Innovation: Product Innovation in Technology Supply Chains
Authors: Vish Krishnan Viswanathan , Lee Junghee , Mnyshenko Oleksiy , Shin Hyoduk
Published: May 2019

Problem definition: Managers introducing new innovative technological products frequently face the dual task of managing both revenues and profits. This task is made challenging in part because of the tendency of new technologies to traverse a sequentially downward path of gradually lowering costs and prices, which limits their initial availability and affordability, crimping market coverage and revenues. Academic/practical relevance: We focus on the product management challenge of juggling revenues and profits, show how it is amplified in a supply chain, and propose a new degree of freedom in a supply chain, namely innovation investment anchoring, that offers product managers and their firms the ability to expand market coverage and improve both revenues and profits. Methodology: We adopt a sequential game theory approach to analyze the investment anchor decision for various objectives from investments in innovation to market coverage to profit. Results: We find that the investment anchoring approach can lead to greater investments in innovation, revenues, and profits. We also compare the investment anchoring for two types of innovation, product quality improvement and cost reduction, and show that the investment anchoring is more effective for product quality improvement. Managerial implications: Our findings have subtle but important implications for firms launching innovative products and aspiring to expand product sales and profits. Specifically, innovating firms in a supply chain by broadening the quest for an investment anchor and offering them incentives to invest as well as fine tuning the level of innovation investment with the market context can make innovation more inclusive, alleviate supply chain distortions, and streamline revenues and profits.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0746 .

This paper has been accepted for the Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Special Issue on Value Chain Innovations in Developing Economies.
Topical purified omental lipid formulations in the prevention of skin ulcers: a narrative review
Authors: Romanelli Marco , Dini Valentina , Milani Massimo
Published: May 2019

The omentum is a large peritoneal fold. Its main function is to protect abdominal organs, exerting a defensive action against infective agents. The tissue promotes repair after several types of injury. An extensive vascularisation is the key characteristic of this tissue and the omentum has the highest level of production and content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A component of omentum is the lipid compound, which carries out important activities for the organism. Omentum is rich in neutral glycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids and gangliosides. Dermatological products containing purified omental lipids are commercially available and topical omental extracts have been useful in the softening, moisturising and smoothing of skin. Animal-derived omental lipids could be use in topical products with different textures (creams, fluids, emulsions and cleansers) and at different concentrations (10–25%) for the treatment of fragile skin or skin conditions causing risk of ulcer formation. This review summarises the pharmacological rationale of purified omental lipids in topical formulations for use in fragile skin conditions, the clinical efficacy data available in the scientific literature and the potential future perspectives. Efficacy of topical purified omental lipids have been demonstrated in numerous clinical controlled trials involving a total of 320 subjects. These studies demonstrated that this product helps prevent the formation of pressure ulcers (PU) in hospitalised high-risk subjects, improves wound healing process, normalises skin hydration in diabetic subjects with moderate-severe skin xerosis and improve the clinical evolution of diabetic foot. Therefore, purified omental lipid could be an effective tool for the management of fragile skin and the skin at high risk of PU formation.
Antibacterial activity of Pakistani Beri honey compared with silver sulfadiazine on infected wounds: a clinical trial
Authors: Yousaf Iram , Ishaq Irfan , Hussain Muhammad Barkaat , Inaam Saima , Saleem Sidrah , Qamar Muhammad Usman
Published: May 2019

Objective:

To determine the antibacterial activity of Pakistani Beri honey in patients with infected wounds in comparison with silver sulfadiazine.

Method:

Inpatients with infected wounds at a tertiary care hospital were divided in to three equal-sized treatment groups. In Group A, patients were treated with non-Gamma irradiated Beri honey. In Group B, Gamma irradiated Beri honey was used, and in Group C silver sulfadiazine was used. Treatment was for a period of four weeks. Pus swabs were taken at day zero and weeks one and four of treatment. Bacteria were identified using the analytical profile index system API 20E, 20NE and API Staph and antimicrobial susceptibility was done as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2010 guidelines.

Results:

A total of 90 patients with wounds (n=90) took part in the trial. Out of 90 wounds, 47% were post-traumatic and 37% were postoperative. Overall, average length, width and depth of Group A patients' wounds were significantly reduced (p<0.0001). Out of 144 pus swabs; 99 and 45 were Gram-negative rods and Gram-positive cocci, respectively. Among these Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=25) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=38) were the major pathogens. Interestingly, bacterial load gradually decreased from baseline to week four due to non-Gamma irradiated Beri honey. Moreover, both the Gram-negative rods and Gram-positive cocci displayed 100% resistance to commonly used antibiotics; the most effective drugs were carbapenem and vancomycin.

Conclusion:

Pakistani Beri honey could be used as an alternative therapeutic option for the management of infected wounds.
Antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Paterson Ruth
Published: May 2019

Ruth Paterson provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to non-medical prescribers. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Immunisation: A dilemma in general practice
Authors: Birch Rachel
Published: May 2019

Dr Rachel Birch, medicolegal consultant at Medical Protection shares a recent case where a member sought advice regarding consent for childhood immunisation
Regulation of CQC notifications for GP providers
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: May 2019

Does your practice make all the notifications to the Care Quality Commission it should? If not, or you are not sure, this article explains which notifications should be sent to the regulator and the action it can take when these fall short
From vulnerable to vibrant: A model for change
Authors: Ahmadi Ehsan , Banerjee Debasish , Burt Catherine
Published: May 2019

This article describes an initiative launched in October 2017 by Barrack Lane Medical Centre to improve the patient experience and create a sustainable long-term future for the practice
The Mandatory Network Agreement
Authors: Cumberlege Justin
Published: May 2019

Justin Cumberlege, a partner in the healthcare law firm Hempsons, specialises in advising GPs. Here he considers the terms of the Mandatory Network Agreement in England
Anti-vaccination: A global threat
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: May 2019

The phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy in parents is growing. What might this mean for the future health of populations in the UK and worldwide?
Tillage Effects on Drainage Fluxes and Nitrate Leaching through Unsaturated Zone under Irrigated Corn-Soybean Rotation
Authors: Jabro J. D. , Iversen W. M. , Stevens W. B. , Sainju U. M. , Allen B. L.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. High levels of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) in the nation’s groundwater are a significant environmental concern. To date no studies have yet evaluated the effects of various tillage practices on percolated drainage and NO3-N fluxes below the rootzone of cropping systems in the northern Great Plains. A field study was conducted to examine and compare the effect of no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) practices on seasonal drainage fluxes and NO3-N leaching losses below the rootzone in irrigated corn ( L.) and soybean ( L.) on a Lihen sandy loam soil. Sixteen passive capillary lysimeters, PCAPs (75 cm long polyvinyl chloride pipe with a collecting surface area of 0.1 m2) were placed 90 cm below the soil surface to quantify percolated drainage water below the rootzone of corn-soybean rotation under NT and CT practices. The study was designed as a randomized complete block with four replications. Drainage and NO3-N fluxes were not significantly affected by the tillage in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 due to substantial spatial variations among lysimeters within each treatment. Average cumulative seasonal drainage depths across 4 years were 22.26 and 34.46 mm for corn and 24.95 and 28.16 mm for soybean under NT and CT, respectively. Averaged 4-yr cumulative NO3-N losses were 17.61 and 26.74 kg ha-1 for corn and 25.47 and 23.56 kg ha-1 for soybean under NT and CT, respectively. Flow-weighted NO3-N concentrations over 4 years were 57.9 and 65.7 mg L-1 for corn while those for soybean were 74.8 and 67.0 mg L-1 under NT and CT, respectively. Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations generally exceed the safe drinking water standard of 10 mg L-1. Reducing N inputs in well-drained soils and using site specific N and irrigation management practices are required to lower input expenses, reduce N leaching losses and sustain environmental quality. Keywords: Drainage, Fluxes, Leaching, Lysimeter, Nitrate-nitrogen, Rootzone, Tillage.
Design, Fabrication, and Operation of an In-Situ Microlysimeter for Estimating Soil Water Evaporation
Authors: Marek Gary W , Colaizzi Paul D , Evett Steven R , Moorhead Jerry E , Brauer David K , Ruthardt Brice B
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Evapotranspiration (ET) or crop water use is the major consumptive use of irrigation and precipitation, commonly accounting for the largest component of the water balance. As water resources become scarce, agricultural research aims to increase water use efficiency by maintaining profitable crop yields while reducing ET. Advanced understanding of ET in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum requires quantification of evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) components. However, the partitioning of E and T can be challenging even when using high quality ET data. Microlysimeters can be used to measure E from the soil surface and estimate T by subtraction using quality ET data. However, an understanding of the limitations of small, hydraulically isolated microlysimeters is required for meaningful interpretation of results. Proper design, fabrication, and operation of microlysimeters can yield reliable estimates of E from bare soil. Multiple microlysimeters and strategic placement may be required for accurate estimates of E in row crops, particularly during incomplete plant canopy conditions. Periodic weighing of lysimeter cores allows for time-averaged measurements of E but precludes E rate data at finer time scales. Design and testing of continuous weighing platforms to improve temporal density of microlysimeter measurements is needed. We present design and fabrication details of a compact, inexpensive, microlysimeter for field estimates of E in agricultural soils. Installation and operation techniques are also provided with discussion of example field data. Keywords: Evapotranspiration, Lysimetry, Microlysimeter, Soil evaporation.
Karakteristik sampah mikroplastik di Muara Sungai DKI Jakarta
Authors: Rahmat Sapta L.J , Purba Noir P , Agung Mochamad U.K. , Yuliadi Lintang P.S.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Marine debris is one of the global issues and becomes a challenge for Indonesia as a maritime country. This research focuses on the characteristics of the one the estuaries in DKI Jakarta. The method used in this research by sampling the water at the mouth of the river by using the manta net at different depths and in tidal conditions.          The results showed that the number of microplastic consists of 93 microplastic particles originating from the seven stations. The number of microplastic particles at low tide conditions is 112 particles. The results of microplastic counting obtained weight of 45.7 mg from the seven stations with high tide conditions on the surface. The maximum particle weight value of 16.2 mg found at station 1 in Muara Tiram. Based on the observations at each station, the size of the microplastic obtained range between 1mm to 5mm. The results of observing the characteristics of the forms in the research study have results including fragments, filaments, films, foams, and granules. The microplastics at the estuary come from the ocean and also from the river.Keywords: marine debris, estuary, microplastics, rivers, trash education Abstrak. Sampah laut merupakan isu global dan merupakan tantangan bagi Indonesia sebagai negara maritim. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana karakteristik sampah yang keluar dari muara sungai di DKI Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan sampling di muara sungai dengan menggunakan manta net pada kedalaman yang berbeda dan pada kondisi pasang dan surut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah mikroplastik sebanyak 93 partikel mikroplastik yang berasal dari tujuh stasiun. Hasil yang berbeda terlihat pada kondisi surut di permukaan terdapat jumlah sebanyak 112 partikel mikroplastik. Hasil pencacahan mikroplastik didapatkan berat sebesar 45,7 mg yang berasal dari ketujuh stasiun dengan kondisi pasang yang berada di permukaan. Nilai berat partikel maksimum sebesar 16,2 mg yang terdapat pada stasiun 1 di Muara Tiram. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan di setiap stasiun, menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran partikel mikroplastik memiliki karakterisasi ukuran sampah yaitu antara 1mm hingga 5 mm. Hasil pengamatan karakteristik bentuk pada kajian penelitian memiliki hasil diantaranya yaitu fragments, filaments, films, foams, dan granules. Sampah yang ada di estuary dapat berasal dari laut dan juga dari sungai.Kata Kunci: sampah laut, estuarin, mikroplastik, sungai, edukasi sampah
Performa pertumbuhan bawal bintang Trachinotus blochii yang dibudidaya dengan sistem monokultur dan polikultur bersama kerang hijau Perna viridis
Authors: Hidayat Kurnopriawan , Yulianto Herman , Ali Mahrus , Noor Nuning Mahmudah , Putri Berta
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The snubnose pompano Trachinotus blochii is one of the important commercial fishery commodity in the Indonesian market. The increasing of the market demand has led some efforts to increase the production of this fish. So do the increasing need for green mussels Perna viridis meat. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the performance of both species in the polyculture system by using raft culture. This study aims to compare the growth performance of snubnose pompano cultivated on a monoculture system and polyculture within green mussels in a raft system. The parameter observed was the differences in the  growth performance of both species and the increase in total weight and survival (SR) of the fish. The results showed that the growth of snubnose pompano did not provide a significant difference in the growth of both cultivating systems whether in monoculture or polyculture system, likewise the shell length and width of the green mussels. We conclude that it is profitable to cultivate both organisms on a polyculture system because it can harvest both green mussels and snubnose pompano together in a period.Keywords: Snubnose pompano, green mussel, monoculture, polyculture, raft, growth Abstrak. Permintaan pasar terhadap daging ikan bawal bintang semakin meningkat begitupun dengan daging kerang hijau sehingga diperlukan suatu upaya rekayasa teknologi budidaya. Salah satunya adalah dengan menerapkan sistem polikultur dalam keramba jaring apung. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan faktor pertumbuhan ikan bawal bintang dan kerang hijau yang dibudidayakan dengan sistem monokultur dan polikultur. Pengamatan dilakukan pada perbedaan pertumbuhan ikan dan kerang hijau, juga pada mutlak serta survival rate (SR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan panjang dan lebar bawal bintang tidak memberikan perbedaan pertumbuhan secara nyata baik pada perlakuan monokultur dan polikultur. Begitupun dengan pertumbuhan kerang hijau sehingga sistem polikultur lebih menguntungkan untuk dilakukan karena bisa memanen kerang hijau dan ikan bawal bintang sekaligus.Kata Kunci: kerang hijau, ikan bawal bintang, monokutur, polikultur, pertumbuhan, KJA.
Identifikasi ular laut di perairan Pulau Tuan Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Iffat M. Khairun , Octavina Chitra , Sari Widya , Ulfah Maria , Perdana Adli Waliul , Agustina Sri
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The research of identification about sea snake in Tuan Island Waters in Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar District has been conducted. This study aims to determine sea snakes species in Tuan Island Waters. The research was begun from April until July 2018. The method used in this study research was Time Swim Method with four station observation.Types of sea snakes were identified based on their morphology, head shape, body and tail, color and band. The result showed that there were types of marine snakes in these waters, they are Acrochordus granulatus and Laticauda sp. The waters parameters of Tuan Island such as temperature, salinity and pH supported the life of the two snake species.Keywords: Acrochordus granulatus, Laticauda, identification, sea snakes, Pulau Tuan. Abstrak. Telah dilakukan penelitian identifikasi ular laut di Perairan Pulau Tuan Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui spesies ular laut di Perairan Pulau Tuan. Pelaksanaanya berlangsung pada bulan April-Juli 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Time Swim dengan empat stasiun pengamatan. Jenis ular laut diidentifikasi berdasarkan morfologinya, bentuk kepala, badan dan ekor, warna dan corak/bands. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua jenis ular laut pada perairan tersebut, yaitu Acrochordus granulatus dan Laticauda sp. Secara keseluruhan parameter perairan Pulau Tuan seperti suhu, salinitas dan pH tergolong sesuai untuk kehidupan dua spesies ular tersebut.Kata Kunci: Acrochordus granulatus, Laticauda, identifikasi, ular laut, Pulau Tuan.