bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hearing God
Authors: Ward Graham
Published: February 2024

This essay attempts to address a simple question: what does it mean to hear God? So much hangs upon learning something about hearing God: revelation, salvation, formation, vocation and mission, for example. What is the relationship then between hearing and knowing God? Before examining two particular passages from the Scriptures in which hearing and knowing coincide (the calling of Samuel and God the Father speaking to Jesus the Son), I offer a sketch of a phenomenology of hearing; a phenomenological reduction of sound or, more specifically, voice. As an event, sound summons through and across several biological systems. So, it is an anthropology of reception and response which is paramount here. Having, then, examined the two Scriptural passages in the light of this phenomenology, I draw attention to an underlying mimetic irony that is ineradicable with respect to hearing God in the Scriptures: the play of the vocal within the written, aurality/orality and textuality. I conclude that, while this mimetic irony is a key characteristic of a sacred text, recognising persona as ‘sounding through’ we can appreciate Scripture's role in salvation as a participation in the Persona Christi.
Maternal mental health disorders and offspring asthma and allergic diseases: The role of child mental health
Authors: Brew Bronwyn K. , Gong Tong , Ohlin Emma , Hedman Anna M. , Larsson Henrik , Curman Philip , Lundholm Cecilia , Almqvist Catarina
Published: February 2024

Background

Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy and postnatally has been shown to be associated with offspring atopic diseases (asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis). The aim of this study was to assess whether this association may be attributable to the child's own mental health disorders.

Method

The study population included 15,092 twin children born 2002–2010 in Sweden. Questionnaire data at age 9 years was linked to national patient‐ and prescription registers. Maternal mental health during pregnancy and 3 years postnatally were identified from diagnosis and medication data (depression, anxiety and stress disorders). Atopic diseases in children were identified from questionnaires, diagnosis and medication data. Child mental health status (depression and anxiety) was identified from questionnaires. Three‐way decomposition methods tested for mediation or interaction by child mental health disorders.

Results

Maternal mental health disorders were associated with most child atopic diseases including asthma aRR1.36 (95% CI 1.12, 1.60), and child mental health disorders, aRR1.73 (95% CI 1.56, 1.92). Children with mental health disorders were comorbid for atopic diseases with only asthma reaching statistical significance, aRR1.29 (95% CI 1.14, 1.47). Three‐way decomposition found that mediation or interaction by child mental health disorders did not account for the mother mental health and child atopy associations except in parent‐report asthma, where child mental health disorders mediated 13.4% (95% CI 2.1, 24.7) of the effect, but not for objectively defined (diagnosis and medication) asthma.

Conclusion

The associations between maternal mental health and child asthma and allergic diseases do not appear to be attributable to child mental health disorders.
Comparative analysis of defensive secondary metabolites in wild teosinte and cultivated maize under flooding and herbivory stress
Authors: Mleziva Aaron D. , Ngumbi Esther N.
Published: February 2024

Climate change is driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of abiotic and biotic stress factors, negatively impacting plant development and agricultural productivity. To survive, plants respond by inducing changes in below and aboveground metabolism with concomitant alterations in defensive secondary metabolites. While plant responses to the isolated stresses of flooding and insect herbivory have been extensively studied, much less is known about their response in combination. Wild relatives of cultivated plants with robust stress tolerance traits provide an excellent system for comparing how diverse plant species respond to combinatorial stress, and provide insight into potential germplasms for stress‐tolerant hybrids. In this study, we compared the below and aboveground changes in the secondary metabolites of maize (Zea mays) and a flood‐tolerant wild relative Nicaraguan teosinte (Zea nicaraguensis) in response to flooding, insect herbivory, and their combination. Root tissue was analyzed for changes in belowground metabolism. Leaf total phenolic content and headspace volatile organic compound emission were analyzed for changes in aboveground secondary metabolism. Results revealed significant differences in the root metabolome profiles of teosinte and maize. Notably, the accumulation of the flavonoids apigenin, naringenin, and luteolin during flooding and herbivory differentiated teosinte from maize. Aboveground, terpenes, including trans‐α‐bergamotene and (E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐1,3,7‐triene, shaped compositional differences in their volatile profiles between flooding, herbivory, and their combination. Taken together, these results suggest teosinte may be more tolerant than maize due to dynamic metabolic changes during flooding and herbivory that help relieve stress and influence plant–insect interactions.
Pressure ulcer point prevalence, classification, locations, and preventive measures: Insights from a Norwegian nursing home survey
Authors: Anker‐Hansen Camilla , Grøndahl Vigdis Abrahamsen , Helgesen Ann Karin , Olsen Liv Berit , Rummelhoff Guri , Halvorsrud Liv , Bååth Carina
Published: February 2024

Objective

To report data from a point pressure ulcer (PU) prevalence survey on prevalence, PU categories, locations and preventive interventions at one Norwegian nursing home.

Methods

A cross‐sectional research design was used. One nursing home in Norway participated in the prevalence survey in 2020. The data were collected on one selected day. A total of 74 out of 88 residents (84.1%) participated. Descriptive statistical analyses were run.

Results

The overall prevalence of PUs was 27% amongst all participants in the nursing home, who together had a total of 57 PUs categorised as category I–III. One major finding was that the most common site of the PUs was on the residents' toes. Interestingly, the prevalence of PUs in the residents' sacrum was considerably low. The most frequently used PU preventive interventions were foam chair cushions, nutritional supplements and pressure‐reducing heel protection.

Conclusion

This study identified a high prevalence of PUs, predominantly on residents' toes. Although preventive strategies were implemented, their application appeared limited. Implementing obligatory care packages and annual nationwide PU surveys might be worth considering in municipalities.
Genomic full‐length sequence of the HLA‐B*49:11 allele was identified in a Chinese bone marrow donor
Authors: Chi Xiaoyun , Wang Yingchun , Liu Li , Jiao Shuxian , Pang Shutao
Published: February 2024

The genomic full‐length sequence of HLA‐B*49:11 was identified by a group‐specific sequencing approach from China.
Evaluation of rapid optimized flow cytometry crossmatch (Halifaster) in living donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Ramalhete Luis , Araújo Rúben , Teixeira Cristiana , Teixeira Ana , Almeida Paula , Silva Isabel , Lima Alice
Published: February 2024

Kidney transplantation is often the preferred treatment for end‐stage renal disease. However, the presence of preformed donor‐specific antibodies (DSA), including those against HLA, can lead to antibody‐mediated rejection and significantly impact transplant outcomes. The Flow Cytometry Crossmatch (FCXM) is a crucial tool in kidney transplantation, as it also enables the measurement of low levels of anti‐HLA DSA antibodies. However, current methodologies for detecting these antibodies, however, are time‐consuming and require extensive reagents. In this study, we analyzed the performance of the Halifaster FCXM protocol in 133 consecutive living kidney donor pairs, correlating these results with single antigen‐based anti‐HLA DSA results. Anti‐HLA DSA was identified in 31 patients (23.3%). Both T and B lymphocyte FCXM assays demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting anti‐HLA DSA. Furthermore, a Tree model to determine the levels of anti‐HLA DSA to produce a flow crossmatch positivity, was developed offering an accuracy of 93% and 90% for T and B lymphocytes, respectively. Both approaches point to a thresh old of 1000–2000 MFI for T lymphocytes and 3000 MFI for B lymphocytes. Our findings indicate that the Halifaster protocol facilitates fast and efficient FCXM testing without compromising accuracy, marking a significant advancement in the field of kidney transplantation. The inclusion of HLA‐specific antibody analysis underscores the protocol's comprehensive approach to improving transplant outcomes.
Characterization of the novel HLA‐C*05:286 allele by sequencing‐based typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Duclaut Marion , Visentin Jonathan
Published: February 2024

HLA‐C*05:286 differs from HLA‐C*05:01:01:02 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 283 in exon 5.
Discovery of the novel HLA‐C*03:649 allele in a Taiwanese individual
Authors: Yang Kuo‐Liang , Lin Py‐Yu
Published: February 2024

One nucleotide substitution in codon 214 of HLA‐C*03:04:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐C*03:649.
Interior a priori estimates for supersolutions of fully nonlinear subelliptic equations under geometric conditions
Authors: Goffi Alessandro
Published: February 2024

In this note, we prove interior a priori first‐ and second‐order estimates for solutions of fully nonlinear degenerate elliptic inequalities structured over the vector fields of Carnot groups, under the main assumption that is semiconvex along the fields. These estimates for supersolutions are new even for linear subelliptic inequalities in nondivergence form, whereas in the nonlinear setting they do not require neither convexity nor concavity on the second derivatives. We complement the analysis exhibiting an explicit example showing that horizontal regularity of Calderón–Zygmund type for fully nonlinear subelliptic equations posed on the Heisenberg group cannot be in general expected in the range , being the homogeneous dimension of the group.
A Graph-Based Technique for the Automated Control-Oriented Modeling of District Heating Networks
Authors: Blizard Audrey , Stockar Stephanie
Published: February 2024

Advanced control strategies for delivering heat to users in a district heating network have the potential to improve performance and reduce wasted energy. To enable the design of such controllers, this paper proposes an automated plant modeling framework that captures the relevant system dynamics, while being adaptable to any network configuration. Starting from the network topology and system parameters, the developed algorithm generates a state-space model of the system, relying on a graph-based technique to facilitate the combination of component models into a full network model. The accuracy of the approach is validated against experimental data collected from a laboratory-scale district heating network. The verification shows an acceptable average normalized root-mean-square error of 0.39 in the mass flow rates delivered to the buildings, and 0.15 in the network return temperature. Furthermore, the ability of the proposed modeling technique to rapidly generate models characterizing different network configurations is demonstrated through its application to topology optimization. The optimal design, obtained via a branch and bound algorithm, reduces network heat losses by 15% as compared to the conventional length-minimized topology.
Predictive Control Co-Design: A Single-Level Optimization Framework for Computationally-Efficient Approximation of Recursive Model Predictive Control in Control Co-Design
Authors: Nash Austin L.
Published: February 2024

Control co-design (CCD) offers a promising solution for coordinating plant and control design of complex systems to better meet next generation demands. Most CCD algorithms optimize open-loop control signals that solve the problem with a single horizon, yet yield system designs lacking robustness to uncertainties. Recent work has integrated modern model predictive control (MPC) policies into CCD. While this results in systems that are more robust, the recursive nature of receding-horizon MPC is computationally expensive and necessitates a bi-level (nested) optimization process to solve sequential MPC problems over smaller horizons. In this work, I present a single-level predictive control co-design (pCCD) optimization framework that approximates the solution to optimizing a recursive MPC within CCD within a single optimization horizon without the need for nested optimization. The pCCD framework leverages elements of static gain matrices as decision variables to integrate a predictive controller into the algorithm that approximates the benefits afforded by embedding a MPC policy in CCD. The formulation reduces algorithm computational complexity by optimizing over the entire operating horizon at once while retaining key robustness and constraint-handling advantages of MPC. Through a comparative case study for a dual-tank thermal management system, this work shows the pCCD algorithm yields superior robustness to disturbance uncertainties compared to an analogous open-loop CCD system while converging on an optimal system/control design with a 92% reduction in run time compared to an analogous system optimized using a recursive MPC policy within the same CCD algorithm.
Optimal Design of Anti-Icing Blunt Trailing-Edge Wind Wheel for H-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Under Operating Conditions
Authors: Zhang Xu , Cui Lengshuang , Zhao Lei , Li Wei
Published: February 2024

A novel optimization method is developed for the design of an anti-icing blunt trailing-edge wind wheel of H-type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) based on the quasi-steady-state icing. The parametric expression of the airfoil is given using the mean camber and thickness functions, the blunt trailing-edge is constructed by the rotation and zoom of coordinates, and then through the aerodynamic design theory, the geometry control equations of the blunt trailing-edge wind wheel are established. The icing process using Solution and Icing modules is repeated at equal interval azimuths to obtain the ice on the wind wheel per revolution. The optimization model is solved using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm integrated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to maximize the wind energy utilization in both ice-free and icing conditions. Significant improvements are realized for flow and aerodynamic characteristics, confirming that the optimization method provides important guidance for an anti-icing design of VAWT blades.
Model Consistency for Mechanical Design: Bridging Lumped and Distributed Parameter Models With a Priori Guarantees
Authors: Wang Randi , Shapiro Vadim , Mehandish Morad
Published: February 2024

Engineering design often involves representation in at least two levels of abstraction: the system-level, represented by lumped parameter models (LPMs), and the geometric-level, represented by distributed parameter models (DPMs). Functional design innovation commonly occurs at the system-level, followed by a geometric-level realization of functional LPM components. However, comparing these two levels in terms of behavioral outcomes can be challenging and time-consuming, leading to delays in design translations between system and mechanical engineers. In this paper, we propose a simulation-free scheme that compares LPMs and spatially discretized DPMs based on their model specifications and behaviors of interest, regardless of modeling languages and numerical methods. We adopt a model order reduction (MOR) technique that a priori guarantees accuracy, stability, and convergence to improve the computational efficiency of large-scale models. Our approach is demonstrated through the model consistency analysis of several mechanical designs, showing its validity, efficiency, and generality. Our method provides a systematic way to compare system-level and geometric-level designs, improving reliability and facilitating design translation.
A bird’s-eye view of the endoplasmic reticulum in filamentous fungi
Authors: Martínez-Andrade Juan M. , Roberson Robert W. , Riquelme Meritxell
Published: February 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is one of the most extensive organelles in eukaryotic cells. It performs crucial roles in protein and lipid synthesis and Ca
2+
homeostasis. Most information on ER types, functions, organization, and domains comes from studies in uninucleate animal, plant, and yeast cells. In contrast, there is limited information on the multinucleate cells of filamentous fungi, i.e., hyphae. We provide an analytical review of existing literature to categorize different types of ER described in filamentous fungi while emphasizing the research techniques and markers used. Additionally, we identify the knowledge gaps that need to be resolved better to understand the structure-function correlation of ER in filamentous fungi. Finally, advanced technologies that can provide breakthroughs in understanding the ER in filamentous fungi are discussed.
Carpal tunnel syndrome secondary to a giant lipoma of the wrist and distal forearm
Authors: Singh Raghvendra Pratap , Maurya Ajeet Pratap , Rout Aditya Kumar , Singh Sourabh
Published: February 2024

In up to 2% of the population, benign tumours called lipomas can develop. When they are more than 5 cm, they are considered giant lipomas. Giant lipomas of the distal forearm and hand may cause compression to the underlying tissues, nerves and muscles, even though they are typically asymptomatic. An older woman with soft tissue swelling in her right wrist and forearm, and numbness and pain in her right hand presented to the general surgery outpatient clinic. Her numb fingers indicated that the median nerve was compressed, and an MRI scan of her wrist and forearm revealed median nerve compression due to a giant lipoma with a dimension of about 9.2×3.4×4 cm. A surgical excision was done with an intraoperative nerve stimulator, and the specimen sent for histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of lipoma. Pain, numbness and motor power improved within 1 week postoperatively, and the patient was discharged.
Smartwatch detection of new-onset monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in pregnancy
Authors: Mei Jenny Y , Xu Liwen , Nguyen Tina A
Published: February 2024

Smartwatches provide health tracking in various ways and there has been a recent rise in reporting cardiac arrhythmias. While original studies focused on atrial fibrillation, fewer reports have been made on other arrhythmias especially in pregnancy. We report a pregnant patient who presented at 34 weeks’ gestation with palpitations. An ECG recorded through her Apple Watch showed ventricular tachycardia. Hospital ECG confirmed monomorphic ventricular tachycardia likely caused by increased sympathetic tone from the gravid state. She was admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit for close monitoring with intravenous anti-arrhythmic agents; however, the rhythm persisted. She underwent a caesarean delivery and the arrhythmia resolved post partum. She later underwent a catheter ablation, after which she discontinued all anti-arrhythmic medications with no recurrence. This case highlights the importance of requesting relevant digital health information, if available, from patients in our modern era. Controlled clinical studies are needed to validate such practices.
Triadic communication with teenagers and young adults with cancer: a systematic literature review – ‘make me feel like I’m not the third person’
Authors: Critoph Deborah J , Taylor Rachel M , Spathis Anna , Duschinsky Robbie , Hatcher Helen , Clyne Ella , Kuhn Isla , Smith Luke A M
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Clinical communication needs of teenagers and young adults with cancer (TYACs) are increasingly recognised to differ significantly from younger children and older adults. We sought to understand who is present with TYACs, TYACs’ experiences of triadic communication and its impact. We generated three research questions to focus this review: (1) Who is present with TYACs in healthcare consultations/communication?, (2) What are TYACs’ experiences of communication with the supporter present? and (3) What is the impact of a TYAC’s supporter being present in the communication?

Design

Systematic review with narrative synthesis.

Data sources

The search was conducted across six databases: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science and AMED for all publications up to December 2023.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

Included papers were empirical research published after 2005; participants had malignant disease, diagnosed aged 13–24 years (for over 50% of participants); the research addressed any area of clinical communication.

Data extraction and synthesis

Three independent reviewers undertook full-text screening. A review-specific data extraction form was used to record participant characteristics and methods from each included paper and results relevant to the three review questions.

Results

A total of 8480 studies were identified in the search, of which 36 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found that mothers were the most common supporter present in clinical communication encounters. TYACs’ experiences of triadic communication are paradoxical in nature—the supporter can help or hinder the involvement of the young person in care-related communication. Overall, young people are not included in clinical communication and decisions at their preferred level.

Conclusion

Triadic communication in TYACs’ care is common, complex and dynamic. Due to the degree of challenge and nuances raised, healthcare professionals need further training on effective triadic communication.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022374528.
Integrated palliative care in oncology: a protocol for a realist synthesis
Authors: Reid Joanne , Banks Elspeth , Blair Carolyn , Bradley Natasha , Lynn Fiona A , OHalloran Peter , Prue Gillian , Roberts Nia , Wong Geoff , McConnell Tracey
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Emerging evidence suggests improved quality of life, reduced symptom burden and lower health services costs when integrated palliative care and cancer care are implemented. Integrated palliative care aims to achieve care continuity by integrating organisational, administrative and clinical services involved in patient care networks. However, integrated palliative care for cancer is not common practice. This project, therefore, aims to understand how integrated palliative care and cancer care works in different healthcare settings (inpatient/outpatient), and for which groups of people (at what stage of the cancer journey), so we can develop guidance for optimal delivery.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct a realist synthesis to develop a programme theory of how integrated palliative care in cancer works, for whom and in what contexts to achieve improved symptom management and quality of life for patients and their families.

This realist synthesis will follow the five stages outlined by Pawson: (1) locating existing theories, (2) searching for evidence, (3) article selection, (4) extracting and organising data and (5) synthesising the evidence and drawing conclusions. We will work closely with our expert stakeholder group, which includes health and social care professionals providing palliative care and oncology; management and policy groups and members of the public and patients. We will adhere to RAMESES quality standards for undertaking a realist synthesis.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval for this project is not required.

The realist synthesis will develop a programme theory that provides clarity on the optimal delivery of palliative care for adults with cancer. We will use the programme theory to coproduce guidance and user-friendly outputs, working with stakeholders to inform delivery of best practice. Findings will inform further research in integrated palliative care and cancer. Stakeholder engagement will assist in the dissemination of our findings.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42023389791.
Designing AI for mental health diagnosis: challenges from sub-Saharan African value-laden judgements on mental health disorders
Authors: Ugar Edmund Terem , Malele Ntsumi
Published: February 2024

Recently clinicians have become more reliant on technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for effective and accurate diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, especially mental health disorders. These remarks, however, apply primarily to Europe, the USA, China and other technologically developed nations. Africa is yet to leverage the potential applications of AI and ML within the medical space. Sub-Saharan African countries are currently disadvantaged economically and infrastructure-wise. Yet precisely, these circumstances create significant opportunities for the deployment of medical AI, which has already been deployed in some places in the continent. However, while AI and ML have come with enormous promises in Africa, there are still challenges when it comes to successfully applying AI and ML designed elsewhere within the African context, especially in diagnosing mental health disorders. We argue, in this paper, that there ought not to be a homogeneous/generic design of AI and ML used in diagnosing mental health disorders. Our claim is grounded on the premise that mental health disorders cannot be diagnosed solely on ‘factual evidence’ but on both factual evidence and value-laden judgements of what constitutes mental health disorders in sub-Saharan Africa. For ML to play a successful role in diagnosing mental health disorders in sub-Saharan African medical spaces, with a precise focus on South Africa, we allude that it ought to understand what sub-Saharan Africans consider as mental health disorders, that is, the value-laden judgements of some conditions.
Many-body interactions between contracting living cells
Authors: Golkov Roman , Shokef Yair
Published: February 2024

The organization of live cells into tissues and their subsequent biological function involves inter-cell mechanical interactions, which are mediated by their elastic environment. To model this interaction, we consider cells as spherical active force dipoles surrounded by an unbounded elastic matrix. Even though we assume that this elastic medium responds linearly, each cell’s regulation of its mechanical activity leads to nonlinearities in the emergent interactions between cells. We study the many-body nature of these interactions by considering several geometries that include three or more cells. We show that for different regulatory behaviors of the cells’ activity, the total elastic energy stored in the medium differs from the superposition of all two-body interactions between pairs of cells within the system. Specifically, we find that the many-body interaction energy between cells that regulate their position is smaller than the sum of interactions between all pairs of cells in the system, while for cells that do not regulate their position, the many-body interaction is larger than the superposition prediction. Thus, such higher-order interactions should be considered when studying the mechanics of multiple cells in proximity.

Graphic Abstract
EcoSketch: Promoting Sustainable Design through Iterative Environmental Assessment during Early-Stage Product Development
Authors: Chatty Tejaswini , Moeller Bryton L. , Pantelimon Ioana A. , Parnell Catherine D. , Khan Tahsin M. , Laurin Lise , Faludi Jeremy , Murnane Elizabeth L.
Published: February 2024

Sustainability has long been a topic of substantial interest to the design and human-centered computing communities. With industries increasingly prioritizing climate targets, there is a growing demand for sustainable product design. This article addresses this need through EcoSketch, a digital tool designed to democratize environmental impact assessments for product designers. Shifting typically retrospective evaluations to the early stages of product development, EcoSketch enables proactive consideration and adoption of sustainable alternatives. Unlike software tailored to environmental scientists, it minimizes the need for specialized training or extensive data inputs. We delve into the development and evaluation of EcoSketch, highlighting its unique features and usability strengths. This article concludes by discussing design implications and proposing future research avenues to strengthen the intersection of human-computer interaction and sustainable product design, with the aim of advancing progress on environmental challenges at the systems level.
Evolved changes in phenotype across skeletal muscles in deer mice native to high altitude
Authors: Garrett Emily J. , Prasad Srikripa K. , Schweizer Rena M. , McClelland Grant B. , Scott Graham R.
Published: February 2024

Most previous studies of muscle plasticity and adaptation in high-altitude environments have focused on a very limited number of skeletal muscles. Comparing high-altitude versus low-altitude populations of deer mice, we show that a large number of muscles involved in shivering, locomotion, body posture, ventilation, and mastication exhibit greater mitochondrial enzyme activities in the high-altitude population. Therefore, evolved increases in mitochondrial oxidative capacity across skeletal muscles contribute to high-altitude adaptation.
Computational Modelling for Optimization of Thermosonicated Sohshang (Elaeagnus latifolia) Fruit Juice Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Das Puja , Nayak Prakash Kumar , Sharma Minaxi , Raghavendra Vinay Basavegowda , Kesavan Radha krishnan , Sridhar Kandi
Published: February 2024

The study involved subjecting sohshang (Elaeagnus latifolia) juice (SJ) to thermosonications (TS), a process integrating ultrasound and heat, with a range of independent variables. Specifically, three explored distinct amplitudes (30%, 40%, and 50%) alongside three temperature settings (30°C, 40°C, and 50°C) and four treatment durations (15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes) were used in the experiment. A variety of quality parameters were analyzed such as antioxidant activity (AOA), ascorbic acid (AA), total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), yeast and mold count (YMC), and total viable count (TVC). Thermosonicated sohshang juices (TSSJ) successfully achieved highest content of AA (69.15±0.99 mg/100 ml), AOA (72.93±1.62%), TPC (122.03±4.23 mg GAE/ml), and TFC (116.14±3.29 mg QE)/ml) under ideal circumstances. Also, minimal TVC and YMC in these juices have been observed. The best results for AA and TFC were observed at 40°C with 40% and 50% amplitude over processing times of 45 and 60 min. To optimize the extraction processes with various objectives, artificial neural network (ANN) was established with an original experimental planning methodology. Overall, the investigation demonstrated that TS is an effective method to enhance the nutritional and microbiological qualities of sohshang fruit juice. The use of ANN in the optimization process is particularly valuable in achieving desirable outcomes. As the food and pharmaceutical industries seek natural and bioactive substances, TSSJ holds great potential for various applications.
Age of Soil and Water Conservation Practices on Selected Soil Properties along the Toposequence of Gerado Watershed, Habru District, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Seid Hassen , Fekadu Endalkachew , Yimam Fentaye
Published: February 2024

The government of Ethiopia through community participation has widely implemented soil and water conservation (SWC) measures, especially in the highlands of Ethiopia. However, the effects of these practices on the physicochemical properties of soils have not been well assessed and documented in the study area. Thus, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of SWC practice on selected soil physicochemical properties. Treatments were nonconserved land, 3- and 9-year-old soil conservation practices under three slope positions, namely, lower slope (0–8%), middle slope (9–15%), and upper slope (>15%) positions, and at two soil depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) with three replications. Accordingly, 54 composite soil samples were collected and analyzed based on standard procedures. The results showed that the age of soil and water conservation practice, topography, and soil depths significantly affected most of the soil properties. Conserving the watershed for nine years improved the subsoil clay content from 37.1 to 46.3%, subsoil soil moisture content from 13.38 to 24.61%, surface total nitrogen content from 18.1 to 81%, available phosphorus content from 13.1 to 33.5 mg kg−1, surface organic carbon from 0.28 to 2.83%, soil carbon stock from 9.26 to 35.59 t ha−1, and surface cation exchange capacity from 21.5 to 57.4 Cmolec kg−1. Therefore, maintaining soil and water conservation practices for long periods can improve soil properties. However, planting different grasses, with the existing physical structures is needed to increase soil nutrient and carbon stock.
Thermal Analysis of Building Roofs with Latent Heat Storage for Reduction in Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: An Experimental and Numerical Research
Authors: Cuce Erdem , Shaik Saboor , Roy Abin , Arumugam Chelliah , Afzal Asif , Cuce Pinar Mert , Ghosh Aritra , Alam Tabish , Shaik Sharmas Vali
Published: February 2024

In green energy buildings, air conditioning charges can be lowered through careful planning of the building’s envelope. This article investigates several strategically designed phase change material (PCM) roof envelopes for savings on air conditioning prices, CO2 emission abatement, and payback timeframes in hot–arid and warm‐temperate climates, taking into account unsteady heat transfer characteristics, cooling, and heating degree–hours. This is accomplished by using six different PCMs–RCC (reinforced cement concrete) roof envelope cases (RCC roof with PCM layer on the outer side, RCC roof with PCM layer on the center (middle), RCC roof with PCM layer on the inside, RCC roof with PCM layers placed on the outside and center, RCC roof with PCM layers placed on the center and inside, and RCC roof with PCM layers placed on the outer side and inside) with three PCMs (FS29 (form stable mixture), HS29 (hydrated salt), and OM29 (organic mixture)). PCM thermophysical characteristics are experimentally measured. The analytical results are experimentally validated. In hot–arid and warm‐temperate regions, the layer of PCM installed on the outside of the RCC with HS29 saved the most on air conditioning expenses, at 6.29 and 6.61 $/m2, respectively. They also reported the greatest carbon mitigation of 300.55 kg of CO2/year and 281.58 kg of CO2/year with the faster payback periods. PCM roof envelopes are the most energy‐efficient option for green buildings.
TABLE 1 from Exhausted Tumor-infiltrating CD39+CD103+ CD8+ T Cells Unveil Potential for Increased Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Gorchs Laia , Fernández-Moro Carlos , Asplund Ebba , Oosthoek Marlies , Solders Martin , Ghorbani Poya , Sparrelid Ernesto , Rangelova Elena , Löhr Matthias J. , Kaipe Helen
Published: February 2024

Patient characteristics
Supplementary Figure S3 from Exhausted Tumor-infiltrating CD39+CD103+ CD8+ T Cells Unveil Potential for Increased Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Gorchs Laia , Fernández-Moro Carlos , Asplund Ebba , Oosthoek Marlies , Solders Martin , Ghorbani Poya , Sparrelid Ernesto , Rangelova Elena , Löhr Matthias J. , Kaipe Helen
Published: February 2024

Proportion of T cells co-expressing PD-1 and LAG-3.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Exhausted Tumor-infiltrating CD39+CD103+ CD8+ T Cells Unveil Potential for Increased Survival in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Gorchs Laia , Fernández-Moro Carlos , Asplund Ebba , Oosthoek Marlies , Solders Martin , Ghorbani Poya , Sparrelid Ernesto , Rangelova Elena , Löhr Matthias J. , Kaipe Helen
Published: February 2024

Proportion of tumor/stroma area and immune cells in pancreatic tissues.
Multi-omics Integrated Analysis of the Protective Effect of EZH2 inhibition in Mice with Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Zou Shanshan , Chen Jianing , Zhou Peihui , Xue Mengzhu , Wu Ming , Wang Li
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome associated with high morbidity and mortality. Inhibition of the methyltransferase Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) by its inhibitor 3-DZNeP (3-Deazaneplanocin A) exerts renal benefits in acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the underlying mechanisms is not completely known. This study aimed to elucidate the pathological mechanism of EZH2 in renal IRI by combination of multi-omics analysis and expression profiling in a public clinical cohort. Methods: In this study, C57BL/6J mice were used to establish acute kidney injury model, which were treated with 3-DZNeP for 24 hours. Kidney samples were collected for RNA-seq analysis, which was combined with publicly available EZH2-ChIP-seq data of mouse embryonic stem cell for a joint analysis to identify differentially expressed genes. Several selected differentially expressed genes were verified by quantitative PCR. Finally, single-nucleus sequencing data and expression profiling in public clinical datasets were used to confirm the negative correlation of the selected genes with EZH2 expression. Results: 3-DZNeP treatment significantly improved renal pathology and function in IRI mice. Through RNA-seq analysis combined with EZH2 ChIP-seq database, 162 differentially expressed genes were found, which might be involved in EZH2-mediated pathology in IRI kidneys. Four differential expressed genes (Scd1, Cidea, Ghr, and Kl) related to lipid metabolism or cell growth were selected based on GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, which were validated by quantitative PCR. Data from snRNA-seq revealed the negative correlation of these four genes with Ezh2 expression in different subpopulations of proximal tubular cells in IRI mice in different pattern. Finally, the negative correlation of these four genes with EZH2 expression was confirmed in patients with acute kidney injury in two clinical datasets. Conclusions: Our study indicates that Scd1, Cidea, Ghr, and Kl are downstream genes regulated by EZH2 in AKI. Upregulation of EZH2 in AKI inhibits the expression of these four genes in different population of proximal tubular cells to minimize normal physiological function, and promote acute or chronic cell injuries following acute kidney injury.
Effect of principal instructional leadership on teacher commitment
Authors: Sucitra Diah Ayu , Hariri Hasan , Riswandi Riswandi
Published: February 2024

A comprehensive examination of the impact of instructional leadership provided by school principals on teacher commitment was carried out across different nations, including Indonesia. This research employed a literature review approach, scrutinizing journal articles that delved into the connection between the instructional leadership of school principals and teacher commitment. After applying predefined criteria to 120 chosen articles in this domain, only 15 articles met the specified criteria and were subsequently incorporated into the review. The findings of the literature review revealed that the instructional leadership of school principals and the resulting organizational commitment have a positive, and mostly said statistically significant, effect on teacher organizational commitment in various countries.
Exploring Indonesian senior high school teachers’ perceptions of first language use in teaching English
Authors: Nanda Dodi Widia , Duhn Iris , Prananda Gingga , Pebriana Putri Hana , Andiopenta Andiopenta , Ridwan Muannif , Ricky Zuhar
Published: February 2024

This study aims to investigate Indonesian senior high school teachers’ perceptions of using the first language (L1) when teaching English because Indonesian teachers tend to have negative perceptions toward the application of the L1, while the L1 is needed in a situation where Indonesian students have limited skills in English. The semi-structured interview was applied to collect data, while thematic analysis was used to analyse it. The result showed that the teachers have three different positions in perceiving the use of the L1: the virtual position, maximal, and optimal positions. Although they have different perceptions toward the application of the L1, a major insight can be concluded about the limited use of the L1 for specific reasons, such as considering teachers’ and students’ English abilities, learners’ needs, and the type and the difficulty of the given task or assignment. The L1 can be functioned as scaffolding in three aspects: when teaching grammar, vocabulary, and when giving instructions. Teachers may consider this study’s results as the information to use the L1 in classrooms. This may also be beneficial for Indonesian educational stakeholders and the government to specifically define what type of scaffolding that teachers can use the L1 to teach English.
Technology integration and teachers’ competency in the development of 21st-century learning in EFL classroom
Authors: Nurhidayat Eka , Mujiyanto Januarius , Yuliasri Issy , Hartono Rudi
Published: February 2024

This study examined the role of technology integration and teachers' professional competence in developing 21st-century learning. Present studies show a significant gap between technology integration and teachers’ competency in developing 21st-century learning. This study highlights the pivotal roles of technology integration and teacher competence in modern education. In an era where technology has transformed teaching and learning, understanding the synergy between these two factors is crucial for educational advancements. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach. It seeks to understand the current state of technology integration and teacher competence by collecting data from in-service teachers within the English teacher's forum. The data collection methods encompass questionnaires and interviews to gain comprehensive insights into the subject matter. The research design of this study primarily relies on a descriptive approach, which involves the systematic collection and analysis of data to describe and understand the existing situation. The data-gathering process, through questionnaires and interviews, ensures a comprehensive exploration of the research questions. The results show that technology integration and teacher competency significantly influence the development of 21st-century learning.
Mathematics belief impact on metacognition in solving geometry: Middle school students
Authors: Suliani Mega , Juniati Dwi , Lukito Agung
Published: February 2024

Mathematical beliefs and metacognitive knowledge play significant roles in solving mathematical problems; thus, this study aims to investigate the influence of middle school students' beliefs on their metacognitive knowledge when solving geometry problems. This study utilizes both quantitative and qualitative research methods. A linear regression test was used to determine the effect of middle school students' beliefs on their metacognitive knowledge. The results of the quantitative research analysis were followed up with a qualitative research approach to describe the metacognitive knowledge of students who have high and low confidence in solving geometric problems. This research involved 352 middle school students in the Tarakan area. Based on the results of linear regression, it is known that the beliefs of middle school students have a positive effect on their metacognitive knowledge when solving geometric problems. In addition, it was found that students with different beliefs could solve a given geometry problem, but the approach to solving it varied among subjects. Middle school students have diverse beliefs, but these variations do not affect their capacity to apply their metacognitive knowledge at every stage of solving mathematical problems.
Technology's impact on language learning: Meta-analysis on variables and effectiveness
Authors: Fajaruddin Syarief , Retnawati Heri , Setiawan Caly , Apino Ezi , Arlinwibowo Janu , Rachman Dzul
Published: February 2024

This study explores the correlation between technology utilization and language acquisition while analyzing the impact of moderating variables on this relation. Our meta-analysis approach analyzes data from 43 extracts out of 19 primary studies published between 2012 and 2021. Our data analysis employs a random-effect model utilizing a significance level of α = 0.05. Additionally, the authors examine four moderating variables: level of education, location of research, proficiency in language, and year of publication. Technology-based language acquisition outperforms traditional methods, indicating a significant and moderate impact on the learning process. This study enhances comprehension of the efficacy of technology in language acquisition by identifying various factors, such as the geographical location of research, methods of assessing language proficiency, and technology type employed. However, there is insufficient evidence to support the notion that educational level or sample size significantly impact technology-based language acquisition. This meta-analysis highlights the importance of considering nuanced factors when integrating technology into language learning. The findings emphasize the possibility of technology to transform methods of acquiring language and urge additional investigation into customized strategies that optimize its advantages.
Family education: Instilling career expectations for woman
Authors: Prasetia Agung Tri , Yunus Ahmad Rozelan , Nirwana Herman , Afdal Afdal , Syukur Yarmis , Iswari Mega , Fikri Miftahul
Published: February 2024

Because women in Indonesian society gain more experience in the family, one of which is education instilled through family gender culture, women's career aspirations are believed to have their own characteristics. In today's society, the current condition of female students' career expectations is apprehensive. Most of the female students do not have any professional characteristics, such as career aspirations. This research involving 109 female students from various cultural contexts will divide their findings into two categories: patriarchal family education and matriarchal family education. The main objective of this research is to investigate the career expectations of female students in relation to patriarchal and matriarchal family education, and to compare the two household categories. As a result, the majority of female students from societies that place a patriarchal emphasis on gender have expectations of career self-efficacy, whereas those from societies that place a matriarchal emphasis on gender have expectations of outcomes. Parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for comparative analysis. The test results show F = 75.011 for career expectations on self-efficacy and F = 145.467 for outcome expectation (OE). 0.000 is a significant value for both variations.