bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital hyperoxalosis: a rare metabolic disorder in a term neonate with perinatal autopsy findings
Authors: Abeygunawardhane S. , De Silva L. , Ranaweera G.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder resulting from an inborn error of metabolism. It causes renal tubular oxalosis which often leads to renal failure and early foetal demise. Only a few cases of PH detected in the neonatal period have been published in the literature.Case report: This baby girl was the second child of a 30-year-old woman of a second-degree consanguineous marriage. Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed during the antenatal period. The baby was delivered at 37 weeks + 2 days of gestation following an emergency lower segment caesarean section due to the absence of liquor. A few hours after birth the baby developed respiratory distress and reduced urine output. Investigations revealed high serum creatinine levels. The ultrasound scan was suggestive of acute kidney injury and the baby died on day 2. There was no known family history of renal diseases. During the pathological autopsy examination, there were no definite dysmorphic features. The internal examination revealed bilateral lung hypoplasia and patent ductus arteriosus. The kidneys were of normal size and shape and the microscopy showed numerous, widespread, polarizable oxalate crystals within the renal tubules, in favour of primary hyperoxaluria.Discussion and conclusion: The extensive renal damage imparted by oxalate deposition may have contributed to the impaired renal function and resulted in obstruction to the urine output, leading to oligohydramnios and pulmonary hypoplasia. Confirmation of the diagnosis of PH requires examination of urine and serum for high oxalate levels and detection of specific genetic mutations. Family screening and genetic counselling are necessary.
Metastatic breast carcinoma masquerading as a lymphoma
Authors: Selvaraj S. , Champaka G.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Thrombin generation assay in COVID-19 patients shows a hypocoagulable pattern
Authors: Tiscia Giovanni L. , Colaizzo Donatella , De Laurenzo Antonio , Cappucci Filomena , Fischetti Lucia , Chinni Elena , Mastroianno Mario , Favuzzi Giovanni , Carella Massimo , Grandone Elvira
Published: October 2024

Patients with COVID-19 often exhibit coagulopathy, which can significantly impact prognosis. Therefore, investigating coagulation in this context is clinically relevant. The thrombin generation assay (TGA) provides comprehensive data on individual clotting patterns. In our study, we utilized a calibrated automated thrombogram to globally assess coagulation in COVID-19 patients. The study included 67 COVID-19 patients (40 hospitalized in the medical ward and 27 in intensive care units) and 45 blood donors for comparison. Our analysis revealed significant differences in TGA parameters (lag time, time-to-peak, thrombin peak, and endogenous thrombin potential) between patients and blood donors, suggesting a hypocoagulable state in the former. Specifically, COVID-19 patients exhibited prolonged lag time and time-to-peak values, as well as lower thrombin peak and endogenous thrombin potential compared to blood donors (Mann-Whitney test: p<0.05); notably, no significant differences in thrombin generation were observed based on the clinical setting. These findings suggest a reduced capacity for thrombin generation, indicating a consumptive coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients and that in this context, thrombosis is primarily attributable to localized effects in the lungs, platelet activation, and/or prothrombotic endothelial dysfunction. The thrombin generation assay is instrumental in defining coagulation patterns in COVID-19 and may also be applicable to other infectious diseases.
Effectiveness of laser therapy among patients with open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis study
Authors: Safarpour Lima Behzad , Sayanjali Shima
Published: October 2024

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty in improving the intraocular pressure in patients diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. A comprehensive search was performed across electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, until June 2024, using keywords related to "selective laser trabeculoplasty" and "open-angle glaucoma." Studies were chosen based on set eligibility criteria. Data extraction was carried out by two independent reviewers, and statistical analyses were performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled mean differences in IOP reduction and overall success rates. The initial search yielded 3111 articles, with 23 studies included in the systematic review and 22 in the meta-analysis. The pooled MD in IOP reduction between the SLT and control groups was -1.44 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.19 to -0.70, p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed a MD of -0.76 mm Hg (95% CI: -1.31 to -0.21, p < 0.01) when comparing SLT to medication, and -0.42 mm Hg (95% CI: -0.64 to -0.19, p < 0.01) when comparing 180-degree SLT to 360-degree SLT. The pooled success rate favored SLT with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.51 to 0.99, p = 0.05). There was significant heterogeneity among the studies (I² = 71%). SLT is effective in lowering IOP in OAG patients, demonstrating significant efficacy compared to medication and different SLT protocols. The findings underscore SLT's potential as a reliable treatment option. However, the observed heterogeneity underscores the necessity for standardized protocols in future research to improve comparability and verify SLT's long-term effectiveness.
Resolving dualities and applications to homological invariants
Authors: Chen Hongxing , Hu Jiangsheng
Published: October 2024

Dualities of resolving subcategories of module categories over rings are introduced and characterized as dualities with respect to Wakamatsu tilting bimodules. By restriction of the dualities to smaller resolving subcategories, sufficient and necessary conditions for these bimodules to be tilting are provided. This leads to the Gorenstein version of both the Miyashita’s duality and Huisgen-Zimmermann’s correspondence. An application of resolving dualities is to show that higher algebraic K-groups and semi-derived Ringel–Hall algebras of finitely generated Gorenstein-projective modules over Artin algebras are preserved under tilting.
Протоколы дистанционного голосования. II
Authors: Kozlitin Oleg Alekseevich
Published: October 2024

В работе продолжено исследование протоколов дистанционного голосования (ДГ), устойчивых к компрометации заданного числа абонентов. Показано, что использование схем разделения секрета позволяет строить протоколы ДГ с гарантированной устойчивостью. Предложенные решения сравниваются с другими известными протоколами ДГ.
Описание функции обратной связи одного нелинейного регистра сдвига
Authors: Sarantsev A V
Published: October 2024

Рассматривается нелинейный регистр сдвига с функцией обратной связи $F$, период которого совпадает с периодом некоторого линейного регистра сдвига. Для этого нелинейного регистра сдвига изучаются способы построения сбалансированного отображения, координатные функции которого эквивалентны суперпозиции двоичной функции $f$ от $n$ переменных и преобразования $\rho_l$, реализуемого регистром сдвига с функцией обратной связи $l$. Для конкретной функции $f$ степени нелинейности $3$ построен полином функции $F$ и вычислена его степень.
Альтернативные модели безопасности для псевдослучайной функции
Authors: Tsaregorodtsev Kirill Denisovich
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются различные модели безопасности для псевдослучайных функций, необходимые при анализе стойкости протоколов (например, протокола 5G-AKA выработки общего ключа в сетях 5G). Рассмотрено несколько формальных моделей, показана их сводимость к стандартной модели $\mathsf{PRF}$ для псевдослучайной функции.
Zbyt długi żywot ustawy o pracownikach urzędów państwowych
Authors: Płażek Stefan
Published: October 2024

In 1982, the Act on State Office Employees was passed. Despite the establishment of the civil service, which, according to Art. 153 of the Constitution should serve government administration offices, the 1982 Act is still in force, although its repeal has been announced many times. This is mainly because the 1982 Act, unlike the Civil Service Act, does not provide for a public procedure for equal recruitment for vacant official positions, which allows all political decision-makers to fill these positions through their discretion. However, this constitutes a violation of Art. 60 of the Constitution, which provides citizens with equal access to public service. The data collected under the Act on Access to Public Information shows that the number of people subject to the 1982 Act is very large and, moreover, that numerous important positions in the offices of the supreme state administration bodies are filled on its basis. This is to the obvious detriment of the public interest, especially since the 1982 Act does not contain a whole range of legal structures and requirements intended to ensure professional, reliable and impartial operation of the administration, as required by Art. 153 of the Constitution. The article contains a polemic with arguments about the need for special trust in employees, pointing out their extra-legal nature, as well as the dangers resulting from these assumptions. The thesis is the need to repeal the 1982 Act as soon as possible, as it has already been announced many times.
Convolutional neural networks method for folded naira currency denominations recognition and analysis
Authors: Richard-Nnabu Nneka Ernestina , Ituma Chinagolum , Nweke Henry Friday
Published: October 2024

Sorting banknotes automatically in payment facilities or freewill donation boxes involves many tasks such as recognizing banknote denomination, fitness classification, and counterfeit detection. Different studies have addressed these problems using foreign currencies. In other words, very few researches have been conducted on naira banknote denomination recognition. A few studies did not consider folded naira banknote denomination recognition. To overcome this, we propose a Machine Learning Based Folded Banknote Denomination Recognition System. The proposed system automatically extracts relevant features and characteristics of the naira currency denomination in different positions, orientations, and folds. This automatic representation of the naira currency denomination enables the proposed system to reduce over-reliance on suggested characteristics, improve performance accuracy, and generalize the proposed system to new problems. Moreover, the proposed system was modeled using object-oriented analysis and design methodology, and implemented in the Keras framework interfaced with Tensorflow. Then, the Softmax classification algorithm was used to classify each Naira banknote denomination. The proposed machine learning-based folded banknote denomination recognition achieved an average accuracy of 95%, which shows the generalization ability of the proposed system to recognize folded banknote denominations in different orientations, positions, and folded forms.
A APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMA
Authors: Fernandes Allysson Barbosa , Malta Daniela Paula de Lima Nunes , Lima Rosilene Alves , Leal Juliane da Silva Conceição , Ramos Ivanir Rosa
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo possui como temática principal o método da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) e sua utilização como metodologia de ensino a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizando-se de autores que contribuíram com a temática. Esse método possui como principal propósito tornar o aluno capaz de construir o aprendizado mais próximo da realidade. Identificamos com o estudo que a ABP pode contribuir para a formação de cidadãos responsáveis no âmbito social e ambiental, pois fornece um ambiente amplo de aprendizagem ao promover o desenvolvimento de conteúdos conceituais, procedimentais e atitudinais. Dentre suas características principais está a identificação e análise de problemas autênticos, organização dos alunos em pequenos grupos para trabalhar em soluções para esses problemas, os professores passam a atuar como facilitadores do processo de aprendizagem e a avaliação da aprendizagem passa a ser baseada em critérios claros e objetivos. Compreendemos que a ABP pode contribuir com outras estratégias pedagógicas para maximizar a aprendizagem dos alunos e promover uma abordagem mais dinâmica e engajada ao ensino.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE ROLLER CRUSHER FOR PROCESSING MAN-MADE RA W MATERIALS
Authors:   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, SHADRUNOVA I.V. , KUTLUBAEV I.M. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, GORLOVA O.E. ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, KOLODEZHNAYA E.V. ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2024

The advantages of using roller crushers in technological schemes of metallurgical slas processins are considered. The factors determinins the efficiency of slas disintesration in crushing processes are given and the requirements for technological devices from the point of view of operational reliability are formulated. A diagram of the force interaction of a piece of slag in the crushing chamber of a roller mill is presented. The mechanism of destruction of slag pieces of increased size and strength due to an increase in crushing force when installing an additional load is substantiated. The analysis of the granulometric composition of metallurgical slag crushed on a roller crusher is presented.
Keefektifan Model PAKEM dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbahasa Anak Usia 3-5 Tahun
Authors: Rahmatillah Rifafida , Ristiani Iis
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keefektifan model pembelajaran aktif, kreatif, efektif, dan menyenangkan (PAKEM) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa anak usia 3-5 tahun di TK-KB An-Nahl. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pra-eksperimen Intact-Group Comparison. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari dua kelompok: kelompok eksperimen (n=18) yang mengikuti pembelajaran PAKEM dan kelompok kontrol (n=20) yang mengikuti metode pembelajaran tradisional. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi tes, observasi, dan angket pendapat guru. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak dalam kelompok eksperimen mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan berbahasa, seperti yang terlihat dari skor tes awal dan tes akhir.  Hasil  tes akhir pada kelompok eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Dengan mengukur peningkatan kemampuan berbahasanya dengan pengukuran kosa kata dan kemampuannya berbicara. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa PAKEM efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa anak usia dini dan memberikan rekomendasi bagi pendidik PAUD untuk menerapkan pendekatan pembelajaran yang lebih interaktif dan menyenangkan dalam upaya mendukung perkembangan optimal anak.
Kata Kunci: Keterampilan Berbahasa Anak, Model Pembelajaran Pakem
Research on the Design of Child-Friendly Landscape Space in Chengdu Crown Community Based on SDG
Authors: Xiaoyi Yang , Boonyanmethaporn Watsida
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore and implement a child-centred landscape space design strategy to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in the old residential environment of the Crown Community in Chengdu, China.
 
Theoretical Framework: The study constructs a theoretical framework for child-friendly communities based on the United Nations' children's rights and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and Goal 13 (Climate Action).
 
Method: Through literature review and field research, combined with questionnaires, this study collected 120 child samples, analyzed their behavioural needs, and proposed corresponding landscape space design strategies.
 
Research Implications: The study found that the needs of children in the Crown Community mainly focus on natural experience, research experience, game interaction, and hiding exploration. The design strategy transforms the existing space into an art garden, a book garden, and a children's playground to meet these needs and promote the realization of SDGs.
Research Significance: The study emphasizes that improving children's living environment through landscape design is significant to achieving the goals of sustainable cities and communities in SDGs.
 
Originality/Value: This study provides an innovative approach to integrating SDGs into renovating old communities and offers a new perspective for designing child-friendly landscape spaces, which will help promote the renewal of old urban communities and the construction of child-friendly cities.
Control Method For Processes in a Horizontal Organization and its Relationship with Business Success Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
Authors: Parra Giovanny Javier Alarcón , Tello Maria Auxiliadora Falconí , Silva Victoria Renata Ojeda , Avalos Diego Alexander Haro
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to develop an appropriate control method for a horizontal organization that is managed by processes, based on the establishment of the functioning of this type of organizations from a theoretical conceptual point of view and in application of the mathematical method to find an appropriate equation.
 
Methodology: In this research, the descriptive and analytical approach was used, both to understand the functioning of the processes of the horizontal organization and to infer the relationship between the fulfillment of the objectives of the different types of processes, assigning a specific weight to each one according to its relative impact on the mission and formulating the equations whose development converged in the proposed control method.
 
Results: The results show that this method not only provides an effective quantitative tool for strategic decision making, but also faithfully reflects the collaborative and decentralized nature of horizontal organizations. The practical application of the equation will allow managers to prioritize the most critical processes and align actions with strategic objectives and mission.
 
Conclusions: The development of the work confirmed the possibility of generating a control method for a horizontal organization based on the evaluation of its processes, thus becoming a decision-making tool that ensures organizational success, a necessary condition for having efficient business structures that support the growth of society aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).
Effectiveness of Digital Literacy Learning Model with Video Content Project In Enhancing Sustainable (SDG) Civic Intelligence
Authors: Aini Dinda Nurul , Abdulkarim Aim , Sapriya  , Rahmat
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to find the effectiveness of a newly developed learning model, namely a digital literacy model with a video content project in improving citizenship intelligence, as an effort for sustainable development goals.
 
Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework is drawn from the utilization of digital technology and social media in learning practices. However, the utilization of digital technology does not show good digital literacy, the learning outcomes have not had an optimal impact, especially in improving citizenship intelligence.
 
Method: The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach, quasi-experimental method. Sampling was sorted purposively, the experimental and control classes totaled 140 people from six classes, all classes used as research samples came from Mandiri University, Subang University, and Subang State Polytechnic. Data collection techniques were carried out with pre-post tests and questionnaires.
 
Results and Discussion: The results of the study based on the pre-post test gain test showed that the experimental class got a gain value of 0.71 which was in the high criteria, this value was much different from the control class which got a gain value of -0.04 which was in the low criteria. Therefore, the digital literacy learning model with video content projects proved to be effective in increasing Civic Intelligence, compared to the conventional exploratory model with lecture and question and answer methods.
 
Research Implications: This research has implications for the development of learning theory, because this model itself is the result of innovation from the philosophy of constructivism learning and cybernetic learning theory.
 
Originality/Value: Practically, the results of this study are useful in improving the quality of learning practices, this model can be used by lecturers and students to achieve learning objectives.
The Significance of Artificial Intelligent for SDGs Civitas Academica
Authors: Tannar Oryza , Susilowati Endah
Published: October 2024

Objective: This research is urgent to understand the views and attitudes of lecturers and students towards the ethics of using artificial intelligence in the campus, which is closely related to the values of defending the country and Pancasila as a moral and social foundation in the context of modern technology.
 
Theoretical Framework: Artificial Intelligence is a system developed in the field of study that is made either on machines or computers to have the same or even more intelligence as humans. Pancasila is a values guide humanity, unity, and nationality to defending the country in the use of tools to ensure benefits and justice.
 
Method: This study uses a qualitative method with an interpretive approach, using interviews and observations as data collection techniques. Lecturers of ethics courses were selected as sources to obtain their opinions on moral values and national defense of academic fraud activities in the SDGs university environment.
 
Results and Discussion: The role of Pancasila as ethical guide in regulating the development and utilization of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Indonesia. The philosophical foundation of the state that influences laws, regulations, and community behavior. The responsible use of technology requires moral guidance that is in accordance with the norms and moral principles of society.
 
Research Implications: The findings of this study will be able to show that the perceptions of lecturers and students are in line with the theory of moral development and the code of ethics of the lecturer profession, but the problem of the SDGs internal campus system is the main problem in fixing the culture of deviant behavior.
 
Originality/Value: The balance of soft skills and hard skills education must be fostered with religious and character teachings by educators.
أثر التغير في أسعار الصرف على القوائم المالية دراسة ميدانية على الشركات الصناعية في محافظة حضرموت
Authors: عبيد محمد مهــدي
Published: October 2024

تناولت الدراسة اثر التغير في أسعار الصرف على القوائم المالية، حيث هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة مدى تأثير القوائم المالية بتغير أسعار الصرف، ومعرفة تأثير التغير في الأسعار على كل من المبيعات والميزانية العمومية، وكذلك تأثير أسعار الصرف على الاحتساب وفقاً للتكلفة التاريخية. وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (60) من المدراء و المدراء الماليين والمحاسبين والمراجعين في الشركات الصناعية الموجودة في حضرموت في الجمهورية اليمنية، وتحقيقاً لأهداف الدراسة تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بالإضافة إلى استبانة قام الباحث بتوزيعها شملت (20) عبارة تم التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، ومن ثم جـرى معالجة البيانات واختبار الفرضيات باستخدام برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية للعلـوم الاجتماعيـة SPSS، وتوصلت هذه الدراسة إلى أن القوائم المالية تتأثر بتغيرات أسعار الصرف، وأن التغيرات في الأسعار تؤثر على كل من المبيعات والميزانية العمومية، وأن القوائم المالية المعدة وفقًا لأساس التكلفة التاريخية في فترات ارتفاع المستوى العام للأسعار مضللة وغير صادقة. وأوصت الدراسة الى جملة من التوصيات أهمها: ضرورة مراعاة التغيرات الطارئة على أسعار الصرف والتي تؤثر سلباً على القوائم والتقارير المالية، وكذلك تطوير بعض المبادئ والمفاهيم المحاسبية المتبعة في القياس المحاسبي التقليدي؛ لكي تتلاءم مع التغيرات الحاصلة على مستوى الأسعار.
Peat smoke exposure as a risk factor for deterioration of postnatal development
Authors: Pankova Anna A. , Vokina Vera A. , Sosedova Larisa M. , Rukavishnikov Viktor S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. In connection with the growing number and scale of wildfires, the problem of the toxic effect of biomass combustion products is relevant both in Russia and abroad. Data on the consequences of wildfire smoke exposure at various stages of ontogenesis are extremely scarce. The presence in smoke substances that,
in addition to general toxic effects, have reprotoxic, gonadotoxic, and genotoxic effects, determines the need to study its effect on the reproductive potential and health of offspring.
The purpose of the study was to assess the postnatal development of the offspring, the parent generation of which was exposed to peat smoke during puberty.
Materials and methods. Exposure to peat smoke was carried out once for four hours on the 35th day of life for female and on the 45th day for male rats.
The average concentrations of carbon monoxide in the exposure chambers were 29.3±11.1 mg/m3, and ultrafine PM2.5 particles – 0.39±0.61 mg/m3.
At puberty, peat smoke exposed rats were mated with intact partners. In rat pups from the offspring there was studied the trend in body weight gain, physical development, and sensory-motor reflexes were assessed.
Results. Acute exposure to peat smoke during puberty in white rats adversely affects the development of their offspring. A significant lag in the physical and sensory-motor development of rat pups from the offspring of animals exposed to smoke was revealed in comparison with rat pups from the control group.
Limitations. The study was limited to the study of postnatal development of offspring obtained from rats exposed to peat smoke during puberty.
Conclusion. Exposure to peat smoke during puberty leads to a delay in the physical and somatosensory development of the offspring during early postnatal ontogenesis.
Peculiarities of length-weight somatometric indices in school-age children of the industrial center
Authors: Bogdanova Olga G. , Mylnikova Inna V. , Urbanova Ekaterina Z. , Tarmaeva Inna Yu.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Children’s health is of particular value, being a medical, biological and social and labour potential for any state. Objective and informative health indices include parameters of the physical development.
The aim of the study is to assess length-weight somatometric indices in children studying in general educational institutions of Ulan-Ude.
Materials and methods. The sample of respondents included nine hundred thirty two school-age children. Variables were sampled for length and weight, body mass index was calculated and compared with WHO criteria. Descriptive statistics are expressed as mean and standard deviation, Student’s t-test was used to compare means.
Results. Among children of the industrial center, persons with harmonious physical development predominate (51.9±2.6%). Among the variants of disharmonious physical development in boys and girls, excessive body weight (27.3±2.3% and 22.9±1.9) and high height (12.6±1.7% and 14±1.6%, respectively) prevailed. The proportion of other variants of disharmony (low length, body weight deficit and their combination) is small. The phenomena of sexual dimorphism are quite pronounced in children – acceleration of growth differed from the general patterns earlier by 2–3 years.
Limitations. The results of the study have limitations in relation to children with various health disorders. Given the small number of age groups, as well as the fact that children of one industrial center were examined, the diagnostic significance of the data obtained may be less objective.
Conclusion. Regional features of growth-weight somatometric indices are important to timely identify children with disharmonious development as early as possible to prevent long-term consequences.
Effect of CAT gene polymorphism on sensitivity of human lymphocytes to genotoxic effect of organochlorine pesticide in vitro
Authors: Rakitskii Valery N. , Ilyushina Natalia A. , Egorova Olga V. , Averianova Natalia S. , Kotnova Alina P. , Gorenskaya Olga V. , Ignatyev Semen D.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Over recent decades, toxicogenetic studies have focused on the issues of genome instability under the action of genotoxicants, taking into account biomarkers of sensitivity. The question about the genotoxic potential of chlorpyrifos remains open, since both positive and negative effects have been revealed in various tests.
The aim of the study is the investigation of sensitivity of donor peripheral blood lymphocytes to chlorpyrifos in vitro and evaluation of the contribution of polymorphism of antioxidant defense system genes (CAT (rs1001179), SOD2 (rs4880)) to the response of human cells to the action of genotoxicant.
Materials and methods. The DNA damaging effect of chlorpyrifos was assessed on lymphocytes from fifty two donors using DNA-comet assay with metabolic activation (+S9) and without it (–S9). The study of cytotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos on human lymphocytes was carried out using an automatic fluorescent cell analyzer ADAMII LS.
Results. Chlorpyrifos had a pronounced cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes in most donors in the absence of metabolic activation system. With increasing concentration of the pesticide in the medium and time of cultivation, the viability of lymphocytes decreased, and the proportion of cells in late apoptosis and necrosis increased. Positive genotoxic effects were found on the cells of 33 donors (-S9). In the presence of the S9, mild but statistically significant effects were detected only on cells from 2 donors. % DNA values in the comet tail after exposure to the pesticide varied for cells from different donors. In the absence of metabolic activation, a statistically significant increase in the level of DNA damage was found in cells of individuals with genotype AA (homozygote for the minor allele) for the CAT G262A catalase gene (rs1001179), compared with homozygote for the dominant GG allele.
Limitations. The genotoxicity of chlorpyryfos was studied in vitro.
Conclusion. The results of the study shown cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos. The sensitivity of lymphocytes from different donors to the pesticide was found to be significantly different. The association of the level of DNA damage under exposure of chlorpyrifos in vitro with the G262A polymorphism of the catalase gene was found. The research also confirms the possibility of using a model test-system with peripheral blood lymphocytes to assess the potential genetic risk for humans and to study the contribution of gene polymorphism to individual sensitivity to the action of genotoxicants.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Oktaviana. N Shella , Saputra M. Indra
Published: October 2024

Innovation in learning methods is essential to ensure that education runs well. Using suitable media, techniques, tools, and materials can make the learning process more attractive, practical, and fun for students. This study aims to determine how implementing the project-based learning model can increase students' learning independence in Islamic Religious Education subjects and identify the obstacles educators face in the process. The descriptive qualitative research method was chosen to provide a comprehensive picture. The subjects in this study are students and teachers of PAI grade VIII SMP Negeri 4 Bandar Lampung. Data was collected using interview, observation, and document study techniques. The data is then analyzed descriptively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions drawn. The study results show that applying the project-based learning model to the material on the introduction and understanding of believing in the prophet and messenger shows excellent potential in increasing students' learning independence. The project carried out in this learning is in the form of making works or other activities related to believing in the prophet and the messenger. With this approach, students not only develop skills in finding and processing information from various sources but can also apply religious values in daily life in a more meaningful way. The obstacles encountered in implementing the learning model are intensive time management and limited resources.
The Transformation of European Fretted Zithers in the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Posta Máté
Published: October 2024

Different types of fretted zithers appeared in the western and northern parts of Europe and in the Alpine regions 500-600 years ago to meet the needs of rural folk music. In the 19th and 20th centuries, in northern Germany, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands, zithers were constantly pushed out of village folk music. The final blow was the spread of the accordion to the zither. However, in some regions of southern Germany, Bavaria and Austria, zithers did not disappear, but underwent a number of significant modifications. In the first step, the volume of the instrument was increased (Salzburg form). This variety, called the Kratzzither was further developed in two different ways. To ensure that the zither could play with other instruments, the Scherrzither and Raffele were developed. Another development direction of the Kratzzither was the Schlagzither, which already provided a harmonic accompaniment to the melody. The systematic development of the Schlagzither made possible the birth of the Austrian and German Konzertzithers, whose harmonization already meets the requirements of classical music.
The Formation and the Development of the Újházhely Residential Area in Hajdúnánás
Authors: Kutasi Imre
Published: October 2024

In Hungary, it was the land reform of 1945 which caused one of the most significant changes in the land policy. This measure, aimed at allocating land to landless peasants, utilized a total of 3,220,000 ha, which were distributed among 642,000 beneficiaries. As a result, each beneficiary received an average of 2,9 ha of agricultural land, on which they could make a living, albeit under difficult conditions. Historical research has examined this phenomenon, allowing us to understand its effects on Hungarian agriculture and the peasants. It is a less known fact, that not only agricultural lands but also – according to the previous works – in approximately 2800 settlements 300,000–450,000 building sites were distributed. As a result, new farmstead centers, settlements and residential areas emerged. This topic is a less researched area of the history of the Hungarian countryside, even though it caused many changes in the society of these settlements. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of these phenomena, the aim of my presentation is to illustrate this process using the example of Hajdúnánás, a small town located in northern Hajdú-Bihar County. This includes the occupation of agricultural lands, payment of expenses (such as contributions and redemption fees), the distribution of building sites, and the settlement and development of the Újházhely residential area. For this research, I utilized historical sources including electoral registers, house tax records, maps, statistical data, archival sources, legal documents, and interviews.
Memory and Enculturation
Authors: Bihari Nagy Éva
Published: October 2024

It may be safely stated at present that the triad of past, tradition and memory has accelerated at an incredible pace. Memory seems to keep the events of the past alive for ever shorter periods of time. Rites, memories and remembrance are now handed down as written sources in the form of textbooks. How does the narrative of the teaching aids that have emerged in the 21st century then evolve and what are/have been their achievements in the construction of national identity? How do hon- és népismeret [Our homeland and its people] textbooks function as tools for building a national community? The subject hon- és népismeret taught in grade schools examines and discusses national culture and the processes of cultural reconstruction in a rather specific cross-section. Beyond exploring the interdependence and interlocking of the context and practice of ‘knowledge creation’/‘knowledge transmission’ in primary educational institutions, this paper aims to explore some salient observations on its generational relationship to memory. The importance of this subject and textbook is/has been undeniable, both as a tool for national and social community-building on the one hand and as a tangible archive of the process of heritage transmission/patrimonization on the other hand.
Echocardiographic Assessment of Central Venous Pressure using Inferior Vena Cava Indices: An Estimate Guide for Right Atrial Pressure
Authors: Mohammed Dr. Wisam Jasim , Hassan Dr. Khalid Muhsin , Yassin Dr. Mushtaq Talib
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To assess the correlation between inferior vena cava echocardiographic indices and central venous pressure, right atrial pressure and thus to practice, assessment of inferior vena cava, as a guide for the status of right side of the heart.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of (60) patients (males and females) with their age ranging between (18–80) years were admitted to the respiratory care unit. Echocardiographic assessment of inferior vena cava hemodynamics (IVC expiratory, IVC inspiratory diameters and IVC collapsibility index) were carried out. In addition to the standard echocardiography examination, right heart function measurements (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion and right atrial area), in spontaneously and mechanically ventilated, patients were done.
Findings: Both IVCe and IVCi diameters showed strong negative correlation with collapsibility index, (r= -0.920 for IVCe and r= -0.964 for IVCi) (P<0.001). There was a positive correlation between TAPSE and IVC-CI (r=0.857, P<0.001). Moreover, RA area was negatively correlated with collapsibility index (r = -0.892, P <0.001). IVC-CI in mechanically ventilated patients (40.11± 1.782) compared to spontaneous breathing (48.91± 1.811) (P <0.001)
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: There was a linear relationship of IVC collapsibility index with TAPSE but an inverse relation with RA area. Evaluation of IVC diameter and its collapsibility index was an easy and non-invasive method to estimate CVP and RAP and so evaluate right heart performance of critically ill patients. Its use is more helpful in patients who are spontaneously breathing than those who are mechanically ventilated. The study tried to find an estimate predictor of right atrial pressure.
The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
Authors: McCormick Conor , Dickson Brice
Published: October 2024

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland has functioned without interruption for over a century, yet its intermediate position can obscure the importance of its judgments. This book demonstrates the Court of Appeal’s pivotal role in securing justice, both by correcting lower court decisions and by developing the common law. It examines, in particular, how the Court has applied and developed the rule of law in a post-conflict society. Authored by experts in the law of Northern Ireland, this compelling text is based on archival research, statistical and qualitative case analyses, court observations, and exclusive interviews with senior judges.
Efektivitas Kelompok Tani di Kampung Desay Distrik Prafi Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Febriola Hilkia  , Triman Tapi  , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: October 2024

Kelompok tani merupakan sebuah wadah kolaboratif para petani untuk saling berbagi pengetahuan, sumber daya, dan pengalaman. Fakta menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan kelembagaan kelompok tani khususnya kelompok tani di Kampung Desay masih kurang efisien dalam menjalankan fungsi dan tanggung jawabnya sebagai lembaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis factor-faktor yang memiliki hubungan korelasi efektivitas kelompok tani serta mengetahui factor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi efektivitas kelompok tani di Kampung Desay, Distrik Prafi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah umur, ciri-ciri kelompok tani, dan fungsi tugas kelompok tani, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah efektivitas kelompok tani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan Rank Spearman dengan menggunakan SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, ciri-ciri kelompok tani (jumlah anggota, lama berdiri, dan frekuensi pertemuan) dan fungsi tugas kelompok tani (perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efektivitas kelompok tani. Namun, usia anggota tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efektivitas kelompok tani.  Faktor yang memiliki hubungan korelasi kuat dengan efektivitas kelompok tani di Kampung Desay adalah faktor fungsi tugas kelompok tani. Semakin tinggi fungsi tugas kelompok, maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat efektivitas kelompok tani.  Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlu adanya peningkatan kualitas ciri-ciri kelompok tani dan fungsi tugas kelompok tani untuk meningkatkan efektivitas kelompok tani.
Produktivitas Sorgum Varietas Suri 4 yang Ditanam pada Jarak Tanam Berbeda dan Kapasitas Tampung Sapi Potong di Areal Pohon Kelapa
Authors: Ayensius Ayensius  , S.S. Malalantang  , S.D. Anis
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas dan kapasitas tampung ternak sapi potong yang ditanam di areal perkebunan kelapa dengan jarak tanam berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan yang terdiri dari JT1: jarak tanam 100 cm x 100 cm, JT2: jarak tanam 75 cm x 75 cm dan JT3: jarak tanam 50 cm x 50 cm, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 7 ulangan. Variabel yang diukur yaitu kandungan gula, produksi bahan kering, produksi bahan organic dan kapasitas tampung ternak sapi potong. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jarak tanam memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap produksi bahan kering, produksi bahan organik dan kapasitas tampung. Uji BNJ menunjukkan bahwa jarak tanam 50 cm x 50 cm memberikan produksi bahan kering, produksi bahan organik dan kapasitas tampung yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi dari jarak tanam 100 cm x 100 cm dan 75 cm x 75 cm. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Jarak tanam 50 cm x 50 cm memberikan produktivitas tertinggi dalam menghasilkan produksi BK, BO dan kapasitas tampung.
Pengaruh Durasi Ensilase terhadap Kualitas Fisik Sorgum Varietas Soper 6
Authors: Fernando Richy Rampengan  , Ch.L. Kaunang  , F.R. Wolayan
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh durasi ensilase terhadap kualitas fisik silase (warna, tekstur, bau/aroma) dan pH. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Perlakuan sebagai berikut: P1 Lama pemeraman 7 hari P2 Lama pemeraman 14 hari P3 Lama pemeraman 21 hari P4 Lama pemeraman 28 hari P5 Lama pemeraman 35 hari Variabel Penelitian yang diukur adalah kualitas fisik dan pH silase tanaman sorgum uji organoleptik yaitu menggunakan 15 panelis yang berasal dari mahasiswa dan dosen berkompetensi di bidang teknologi pakan. Warna silase hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama pemeraman memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap warna silase. Uji lanjut BNJ menunjukkan bahwa lama pemeraman P1 (7 hari) berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan perlakuan lama pemeraman P4 (28 hari) dan P5 (35 hari), sedangkan P1 (7 hari) berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) dengan perlakuan lama pemeraman P2 (14 hari), dan P3 (21 hari). Bau silase hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama pemeraman memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap bau silase. Uji lanjut BNJ menunjukkan bahwa lama pemeraman P1 (7 hari), berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan lama pemeraman P4 (28 hari), dan P5 (35 hari). Tetapi antara P1 (14 hari), P2 (14 hari), dan P3 (21 hari) berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) serta P4 (28 hari) dan P5 (35 hari) berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05). Tekstur Silase hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama pemeraman memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kualitas fisik tekstur silase. Hasil uji lanjut BNJ menunjukkan bahwa pada lama pemeraman P1 (7 hari) menghasilkan kualitas tekstur yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) dengan lama pemeraman P2 (14 hari), dan P3 (21 hari), serta berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan lama pemeraman P4 (28 hari), dan P5 (35hari). pH Silase hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama pemeraman memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kualitas pH silase. Hasil Uji lanjut BNJ menunjukkan bahwa pada lama pemeraman P1 (7 hari) menghasilkan kualitas pH silase yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) dengan lama pemeraman P2 (14 hari), serta berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan lama pemeraman P3 (21 hari), P4 (28 hari) dan P5 (35 hari). Nilai pH silase menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada lama pemeraman P2 (14 hari) karena pH silase yang dihasilkan lebih mendekati kisaran pH yang baik. Kesimpulan Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ini lama pemeraman P1 (7 hari) memberikan hasil terbaik untuk kualitas warna, bau, dan tekstur silase sorgum Soper 6. Sedangkan nilai pH terbaik ditemukan pada P2 (14 hari).
Analisis Varians sebagai Alat Perencanaan dan Pengendalian Biaya Produksi di PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII Kebun Cikasungka
Authors: Deviyana Deviyana  , Suwandhi Suwandhi
Published: October 2024

Biaya produksi merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam kegiatan manufaktur. Biaya ini juga menentukan harga jual produk dan profitabilitas perusahaan. Biaya produksi yang optimal merupakan langkah krusial bagi perusahaan. Pengendalian menjadi kunci untuk menghindari pemborosan dan meminimalkan kerugian. Perbandingan dan evaluasi biaya dari tahun ke tahun menjadi alat vital dalam proses ini oleh karena itu proses perbandingan ini membantu untuk mengidentifikasi penyimpangan dan memaksimalkan efisiensi. Biaya terbagi menjadi biaya langsung, biaya tidak langsung, dan overhead pabrik.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak penyimpangan/varians pada biaya bahan baku, biaya tenaga kerja langsung dan biaya overhead pabrik oleh karena itu penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model satu selisih, dua selisih dan tiga selisih yang menghasilkan pengendalian biaya produksi pada biaya bahan aku bersifat menguntungkan serta untuk pengendalian biaya produksi pada biaya tenaga kerja langsung di tahun 2021 dan 2022 bersifat menguntungkan namun pada tahun 2023 terdapat varians tidak menguntungkan serta pengendalian biaya produksi pada biaya overhead pabrik di tahun 2021 terdapat varians tidak menguntungkan namun pada tahun 2022 terjadi varians menguntungkan, pada tahun 2023 terdapat varians tidak menguntungkan.