bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biofortification of calcium on mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivated in floating hydroponic system
Authors: Gustiar Fitra , Munandar Munandar , Ningsih Sekar Wahyu , Ammar Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Calcium (Ca) is one of the essential macrominerals needed by the human body as a major component in the formation of bones and teeth. Calcium is fulfilled by eating calcium-rich foods, both animal and vegetable. Mustard and lettuce are vegetables that can be a source of Ca. Efforts to increase the Ca content in plants can be done through increasing the concentration of Ca given through fertilizer or in nutrient solution. However, excessive Ca application is not recommended because it will be toxic to plants. This study aims to determine the effect of various Ca concentrations in hydroponic nutrient solutions on the growth and yield of mustard vegetables (Brassica juncea L) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). This study used a floating hydroponic system with a completely randomized design. Treatment of Ca concentrations of hydroponic nutrient solutions that were tried were 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, level of greenness of leaves, fresh and dry weight, and concentration of calcium in the leaves. The results showed that Ca treatment significantly affected the number of leaves and the level of leaf greenness. Application of 400 ppm Ca in hydroponic nutrient solution is the highest Ca concentration that could increase Ca content in mustard and lettuce plants. Application of Ca 300 ppm is the highest concentration of hydroponic nutrient solution that can increase the Ca content of plants without causing a decrease in plant biomass, and therefore the treatment of Ca 300 ppm can be used for biofortification of Ca by hydroponic in mustard and lettuce plants.
The critical period of aluminum stress on soybean root growth
Authors: Sagala Danner , Suzanna Eka , Prihanani Prihanani
Published: July 2020

Aluminum is prevalent in soils of tidal swamps. Soybean is known to be very sensitive to aluminum stress and so when tidal swamps are converted to soybean cropland, considerable effort and expense are required to overcome Al toxicity in soybean roots. It is therefore necessary to determine at what time in early development soybeans can best endure aluminum stress and identify aluminum-tolerant cultivars. This study was conducted by testing the impact of aluminum exposure on three soybean cultivars (Tanggamus, Karasumame, and M652) (relative to no-exposure controls) at four time periods at 10, 20, and 30 days after planting. No significant effect of aluminum on root growth in the first five days after exposure was observed, but the toxic effects became evident after soybeans had been exposed to aluminum for 10 days. Soybean seedlings that experienced aluminum stress earliest (at 10 days after planting) were more negatively impacted by Al exposure than seedlings exposed later (e.g., 30 days after planting). Root growths of the three cultivars we tested in this study were all detrimentally impacted by aluminum exposure. However, the M652 cultivar was the most sensitive to aluminum exposure. We conclude that the critical threshold period for soybean root growth to succumb to aluminum stress is within the first 30 days after planting, whereas the tolerance to aluminum stress occurs only during the first 10 days of exposure.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Mobile Learning untuk Memahami Teks Prosedural
Authors: Kharisma Giri Indra
Published: July 2020

A mobile-learning based media is a learning media using android applications to deliver materials about the concept of procedure text for eighth graders of junior high school. The design model of Research and Development used is adapted from R2D2 and ASSURE to produce an efficient, attractive, and effective. Based on the results of product trials and field tests, it is evident that this learning media is able to foster enthusiasm or passion for student learning. This is because this learning media presents procedure text material along with interesting features to support the procedure text learning. The feature consists of sample procedure videos, online learning groups, KBBI online to search for word meanings, and quizzes to find out students' understanding.
Penyebab Implikatur Percakapan Wacana Humor Berbahasa Jawa pada Rubrik Thengil di Majalah Ancas
Authors: Rahayu Imaniah Kusuma
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research is to explain the causes of implication in the rubric Thengil in the Ancas magazine. The collection data use refer method n written method. The analyze data use heuristic method n pragmatic method. The research approach is using methodologic theory. The data has been analyzed then presented informally. Informal presentation data can be done by using words. The cause implication found in this study are violations of the principle of cooperation and the principle of harmony. Violation of the principle of cooperation includes violation of quantity thimble, violation of quality thimble, violation of thimble relevance, and violation of the way thimble. The violation principle of harmony includes violation of respectful thimbles, violation of humble thimbles, violation of place aware of thimbles, and violation of tolerant thimbles. The cause implication found can serve as support for funny humor.
Penggunaan Bahasa dalam Spanduk Iklan Partai Politik Periode 2014-2019 di Lombok Timur
Authors: Irfan Muh.
Published: July 2020

The research is aimed to investigate the type of diction and language style which used in political party banner advertisement in East Lombok. This research was descriptive qualitative to get some basic information about the diction and language style which used in banner advertisement political party in East Lombok. To collect the data, the researcher used documentation which includes book, newspaper, magazine, photo or picture in order to find out the source. The data were a photo of a political party banner advertisement in East Lombok. The data were analyzed by using textual analysis with particular criteria which concerned with analyzing the language element in the political party banner advertisement in East Lombok. Based on the analysis result there are some findings. The diction used political party banner advertisement in East Lombok were connotative and denotative. The language style used was alliterated, assonance, personification, and hyperbole. After all the hyperbole style was dominated.
Struktur Percakapan Guru dengan Siswa dalam Interaksi Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Talan Maria Rosalinda
Published: July 2020

The 2013 curriculum is a revision of ideas derived from the previous curriculum where students’ active performance is imposed in study. One of students’ physical activities expected from Indonesian language instruction is speaking or actively involving in class conversation. Therefore, this study aims at describing the structure of teachers and students’ conversation in Indonesian language teaching interaction. This is a descriptive qualitative study. The techniques of data obtaining are recording and taking notes, and the technique of data analysis is heuristic. The result of this study shows the conversation structures in Indonesian language instruction are 1) turn taking occurred when there is a chance to speak. 2) pausing (long and short) occurred since there is no response and when there is hesitation in delivering messages. 3) overlapping occurred since there is a similar utterance or language element produced simultaneously. 4) backchanneling occurred since there are comprehension and acceptance or agreement towards utterances, and 5) adjacency pairs occurred since there are greetings, questions, and requests.

Keywords: conversation structure, interaction in teaching
Kesalahan Penggunaan Bahasa pada Iklan Komersial Media Luar Ruang di Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Damayanti Ervina
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan berbahasa dari segi ejaan dan struktur frasa pada penggunaan bahasa iklan media luar ruang di Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Wujud data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata-kata, kalimat, dan wacana yang berupa papan nama, baliho, dan spanduk yang terdapat di wilayah Kabupaten Kediri. Teknik pengambilan sampel  yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik purposive sampling. Dalam hal ini peneliti memilih iklan komersial media luar ruang di tiga wilayah Kabupaten Kediri, yaitu Kecamatan Ngasem, Gurah, dan Pare. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik dokumentasi, catat dan simak. Sementara itu, analisis data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga komponen, yaitu pengumpulan data, pengolahan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih ada kesalahan bahasa pada penggunaan iklan komersial media luar ruang di Kabupaten Kediri. Kesalahan tersebut berupa kesalahan ejaan dan ketidaktepatan dalam struktur frasa. Kesalahan ejaan terdiri dari kesalahan pada tanda baca, unsur serapan (kata baku/tidak baku), dan penulisan kata. Untuk penggunaan struktur frasa dalam penelitian ini dijumpai adanya papan nama yang menggunakan kosakata bahasa Inggris dengan  struktur frasa bahasa Inggris, penggunaan kosakata bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris, tetapi menggunakan struktur frasa bahasa Inggris, dan yang terakhir  penggunaan kosakata bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia, tetapi menggunakan frasa bahasa Indonesia.
Bentuk Bahasa Kasual Guyup Tutur di Wilayah Perumahan BTN Kefamenanu
Authors: Nalenan Joni Soleman
Published: July 2020

Abstrak

Penelitian ini berjudul “Bentuk Bahasa Kasual Guyup Tutur di Wilayah Perumahan BTN Kefamenanu”. Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana bentuk bahasa kausal guyup tutur di wilayah perumahan BTN Kefamenanu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bentuk bahasa kausal guyup tutur di wilayah perumahan BTN Kefamenanu. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskripsi kualitatif, sedangkan teori yang digunakan adalah teori linguistik structural. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa bentuk bahasa kasual terdapat pada tataran fonologi, morfologi, dan semantik. Pada tataran fonologi, bentuk bahasa kasual berupa aferesis atau pelepasan fonem tertentu di awal kata seperti fonem dan disimilasi. Bentuk bahasa kasual pada tataran morfologi berbentuk reduplikasi berubah bunyi dan abreviasi berupa singkatan-singkatan dan kontraksi. Bentuk bahasa kasual pada tataran semantik selalu mengarah pada makna konotasi kata.
Problematik Perencanaan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMAK Suria Atambua
Authors: Verdial Jose Da Conceicao
Published: July 2020

Abstrak

Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah baik kota maupun daerah terpencil masih menghadapi berbagai problematik, baik secara internal (diri pendidik dan peserta didik) maupun eksternal, seperti perencanaan pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hal itu, diadakan penelitian dengan judul Problematik Perencanaan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMAK Suria Atambua. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan problematik perencanaan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMAK Suria Atambua, Sumber data berupa aktivitas pendidik dalam merencanakan kegiatan pembelajaran. Data berupa dokumentasi RPP yang disusun oleh pendidik dan wawancara. Data yang telah diperoleh diindetifikasi, diklasifikasi, dan dianalisis berdasarkan rumusan masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidik yang mengajar pada SMAK Suria Atambua masih terdapat problematik pada perencanaan, berupa: ketidaklengkapan unsur RPP pada identitas, ketidaklengkapan unsur RPP pada materi pembelajaran, ketidaksistematisan unsur RPP pada rincian alokasi waktu, ketidaktepatan unsur RPP pada pemilihan media pembelajaran, dan  ketidaklengkapan unsur RPP pada penilaian hasil belajar.
Problematik Strategi Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Siki Ferdinandus
Published: July 2020

Abstrak:

Pembelajaran bahasa indonesia sampai saat ini masih mengalami kendala. kendala ini disebabkan oleh guru belum menggunakan strategi secara matang dalam proses pembelajaran. Hal ini sangat berpengaruh dalam proses belajar mengajar dimana siswa akan kesulitan dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh guru. Strategi pembelajaran merupakan prinsip-prinsip dalam pemilihan urutan pengulangan belajar dalam suatu proses pembelajaran. Penerapan strategi yang ideal memang menjadi dambaan bagi seluruh pelaksana pendidikan. Akan tetapi, dalam kenyataanya problematika tetap saja muncul dalam proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Apabila dikembalikan pada penerapan strategi yang ideal, maka problem hanya bisa muncul ketika penerapannya lepas dari tujuan pembelajaran yang akan dicapai. Selain itu, pemicu problematika yang bersifat teknis juga perlu diperhatikan oleh pelaksana pembelajaran. Problematika pembelajaran bahasa indonesia terkait dengan strategi karena karakter Masing-masing siswa atau peserta didik memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda, dan alternatif solusi guru harus mempelajari karakter dari setiap siswa dalam satu kelas memiliki heterogenitas yang tinggi, maka guru perlu melakukan pendekatan secara psikologis sesuai keadaan siswa.
PERANTI BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM WACANA KAMPANYE PARTAI POLITIK PESERTA PEMILIHAN UMUM TAHUN 2019
Authors: Sudaryanto Sudaryanto
Published: July 2020

Partai politik (parpol) peserta Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu) 2019 melakukan promosi diri guna mendulang suara di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Salah satu cara promosi diri itu ialah membuat wacana kampanye yang memanfaatkan peranti bahasa Indonesia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ragam peranti bahasa Indonesia dalam wacana kampanye parpol peserta Pemilu 2019. Data kajian ini berupa alat peraga kampanye (APK) parpol peserta Pemilu 2019 berjumlah 16 buah, khususnya parpol non-daerah Aceh. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode observasi dengan teknik baca dan catat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis konten (content analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ragam peranti bahasa Indonesia dalam wacana kampanye parpol peserta Pemilu 2019 terdiri atas slogan, repetisi, rima, singkatan, akronim, deiksis persona, nama diri, nama jabatan, dan nama parpol.
Penanda dan Makna Adverbia pada Kumpulan Cerpen Bedak dalam Pasir Karya Subaweh
Authors: Dwi Ratna Gita Safria
Published: July 2020

Adverbia merupakan kata yang menjelaskan verba, adjektiva, atau adverbia lain, pada tataran frasa. Selain itu, adverbia juga dapat mewatasi fungsi sintaksis. Penelitian tentang adverbia cenderung belum banyak yang meneliti. Penelitian ini dikaji mengenai adverbia derajat dan adverbia penjumlahan pada kumpulan cerpen Bedak dalam Pasir karya Sule Subaweh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan penanda adverbia pada kumpulan cerpen Bedak dalam Pasir karya Sule Subaweh; (2) mendeskripsikan makna penanda adverbia derajat dan adverbia penjumlahan pada Kumpulan Cerpen Bedak dalam Pasir karya Sule Subaweh. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode baca dan teknik catat. metode analisis data yang dilakukan adalah metode agih. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) penanda adverbia derajat dan adverbia penjumlahan pada Kumpulan Cerpen Bedak dalam Pasir karya Sule Subaweh; (2) makna penanda adverbia derajat dan adverbia penjumlahan pada Kumpulan Cerpen Bedak dalam Pasir karya Sule Subaweh.
Pola Singkatan Kata dan Gender
Authors: Adam Lenny Nofriyani , Wabang Rince Jalla
Published: July 2020

Perbedaan gender dalam penggunaan bahasa selalu ditekankan dalam penelitian-penelitian tentang bahasa dan gender. Ada begitu banyak penelitian yang mengklaim perbedaan karakteristik gaya berbahasa yang disortir oleh konstruksi sosial yang satu ini. Penelitian ini mengkaji singkatan kata yang digunakan oleh laki-laki dan perempuan. Tujuannya untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan pola singkatan kata yang digunakan oleh laki-laki dan perempuan dalam percakapan di grup whatsapp. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada teori Lakoff yang menyatakan bahwa laki-laki dan perempuan memiliki variasi morfologi yang berbeda dalam menggunakan bahasa. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan pola singkatan kata yang digunakan oleh laki-laki dengan pola singkatan kata yang digunakan oleh perempuan dalam sebuah percakapan. Laki – laki lebih cenderung menggunakan kontraksi dan apokop sedangkan perempuan lebih sering menggunakan pola sinkop dan afaresis. Namun hal yang menarik adalah keduanya melibatkan pola yang berhubungan dengan angka dalam percakapan.
Analisis Analisis Penggunaan Diksi Dan Pola Berita Hoaks Pada Whtasapp
Authors: Nimah Alfi Sailin
Published: July 2020

Dewasa ini, masyarakat berlomba-lomba mengejar informasi agar tidak dianggap ketinggalam zaman.Maraknya berita hoaks di kalangan media sosial berdampak negatif di media sosial seperti WhatsApp.Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan penelitian penggunaan diksi dan pola berita hoaks agar masyarakat mengetahui ciri-ciri berita hoaks di WhatsApp. Penelitian penggunaan diksi dan pola berita ini difokuskan pada berita hoaks Desember 2018 sampai Februari 2019. Indikator bahwa berita itu merupakan berita hoaks adalah atas hasil ketetapan Kominfo.

Metode yang digunakan pada tahap pengumpulan data atau penyediaan data adalah metode simak teknik lanjutan teknik teknik bebas libat cakap. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisis data adalah metode agih dan padan.

Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan diksi dalam berita hoaks pada WhatsApp dalam kurun waktu Desember 2018 sampai Februari 2019 ditemukan penggunaan diksi bahasa asing, bahasa daerah, ragam cakapan, dan singkatan kata yang tidak sesuai KBBI. Berdasarkan 21 berita tidak semua ditemukan pola 5 W 1 H + so what. Ada beberapa berita yang hanya terdiri dari unsur apa, siapa, dan di mana. Ada beberapa berita pula yang tidak dilengkapi hanya salah satu unsur 5 W 1 H tersebut.Namun, mayoritas dari 21 berita hoaks ini memiliki unsur so what berupa kalimat imperatif. Ketidaklengkapan unsur 5 W 1 H dalam berita menyebabkan sebuah berita kurang akurat kebenarannya dan kalimat imperatif sebagai unsur so what itulah penyebab berita yang belum diketahui kebenarannya akan tersebar dengan mudah.
Ke Kemampuan Bercerita Pada Anak Usia 5 Tahun: Kajian Psikolinguistik
Authors: Aprilia Mia Nur
Published: July 2020

This study analyzes the ability to tell stories to children aged 5 years. The ability to tell stories in children will improve speaking skills, such as at the phonological, morphological, and syntactic levels. In addition to improving speech, we can see how structural errors occur in children aged 5 years. The data used in this study is a voice recording of a 5-year-old boy named Abizar. The purpose of this study was to determine the language development of children at the age of 5 years through storytelling, knowing word mistakes in children aged 5 years. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with naturalistic techniques. The ability to tell will produce sentences spoken by the child and find the factors that exist.
BENTUK BAHASA PENOLAKAN KAUM MUSLIM TERHADAP TAWARAN MAKAN DARI KAUM NASRANI DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Dapubeang Abdul Rahim Arman Putera
Published: July 2020

Adanya bantuan terhadap peralatan makan yang dipindahkan dari daging babi atau anjing atau dari bekas jilatan anjing menjadi salah satu alasan kaum muslim menolak tawaran makan dari kaum nasrani di kota Kupang. Penelitian ini memiliki masalah yang berkaitan dengan bahasa umat Muslim atas tawaran makan dari kaum nasrasi di rumah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simak bebas libat cakap, teknik rekam, dan teknik catat. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis heuristik. Analisis heuristik merupakan proses berpikir seseorang untuk memaknai seseorang tuturan. Tuturan heuristik diinterprestasikan berdasarkan berbagai dugaan / dugaan sementara, kemudian dugaan sementara itu disesuaikan dengan fakta-fakta pendukung yang ada di lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan dua bentuk kebebasan dari kaum Muslim terhadap tawaran makan dari kaum nasrani di Kota Kupang, yaitu kebebasan langsung dan kebebasan tidak langsung. Penolakan langsung terdiri dari dua jenis yang disetujui performatif dan konstantif. Sementara pinjaman tidak langsung terdiri dari tujuh jenis perdebatan, yaitu: 1) setuju dengan alasan, 2) setuju dengan alternatif, 3) setuju dengan janji, 4) setuju dengan penyesalan, 5) setuju dengan penerimaan di masa depan, 6) setuju dengan perjanjian , dan 7) setuju dengan penghindaran. yaitu pinjaman langsung dan pinjaman tidak langsung. Penolakan langsung terdiri dari dua jenis yang disetujui performatif dan konstantif. Sementara pinjaman tidak langsung terdiri dari tujuh jenis perdebatan, yaitu: 1) setuju dengan alasan, 2) setuju dengan alternatif, 3) setuju dengan janji, 4) setuju dengan penyesalan, 5) setuju dengan penerimaan di masa depan, 6) setuju dengan perjanjian , dan 7) setuju dengan penghindaran. yaitu pinjaman langsung dan pinjaman tidak langsung. Penolakan langsung terdiri dari dua jenis yang disetujui performatif dan konstantif. Sementara pinjaman tidak langsung terdiri dari tujuh jenis perdebatan, yaitu: 1) setuju dengan alasan, 2) setuju dengan alternatif, 3) setuju dengan janji, 4) setuju dengan penyesalan, 5) setuju dengan penerimaan di masa depan, 6) setuju dengan perjanjian , dan 7) setuju dengan penghindaran.

Kata Kunci : Penolakan, tawaran makan, Muslim, Kristen
Bentuk Sapaan Pronomina Persona Bahasa Tetun Dialek Fehan
Authors: Nahak Kristofel Bere
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk sapaan yang terdapat dalam bahasa Tetun dialek Fehan berdasarkan bentuk pronomina persona yang ada dalam bahasa Tetun dialek Fehan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah percakapan sehari-hari yang melibatkan bentuk-bentuk sapaan pronomina persona yang ada di desa Kletek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Metode ini memanfaatkan pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi partisipan, yang menggali data langsung dari tuturan para penutur asli melalui wawancara dengan informan di desa Kletek, Kecamatan Malaka Tengah, Kabupaten Malaka, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bentuk sapaan Pronomina persona yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Fehan dalam tuturan setiap hari seperti bentuk pronomina persona pertama tunggal/ singular ‘hau’ (saya), plural inklusif ‘ami’ (kami), dan plural eksklusif ‘ita’ (kita), pronomina persona kedua tunggal ‘o, ita bot, na’i, dan jamak ‘ emi” serta pronomina persona ketiga tunggal ‘nia’ dan jamak ‘sia’. Analisis mengenai bentuk pronomina persona bahasa Tetun dialek Fehan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa variabel diantaranya variabel formal dan non-formal, jenis kelamin, kekerabatan, dan usia.
The Implementation of Penta Helix Counterinsurgency (COIN) Strategic Model in Reconstructing Special Autonomy for Papua
Authors: Halkis MHD
Published: July 2020

The issues of Papua (Both Papua and West Papua Provinces) have been reached by international communities even though the government regulation; Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21, Year 2001, concerning Special Autonomy for Papua Province becoming a central issue as a problem solving to make a special treat for people in Papua internally. Whereas, the regulation is expected to make people in Papua develop political, economic, and cultural also resolving the insurgency problems among them. The arrangements of social and political, economy and budget are as a special treatment, only develop economy and infrastructure but it does not solve the conflicts until today. In this case, the Counterinsurgency (COIN) strategic model needs to be implemented following the appropriateness of national policy and the condition in Papua. This research used a content analysis method to reveal the causes of an un-optimal policy in solving the insurgency. Based on the four elements of COIN, only two elements exist; community and state elements. While the international community element and private sectors do not appear on the special autonomy legislation for Papua. As a reason, the COIN model appropriates with the condition of the people that include some elements; government, local community, the non-state, international community, and private sectors. Comparing to the United States of America (USA) model where the community is not included in the COIN element since the community as an object. On the other hand, it is different from China where military and political parties as important elements since the government decisions are supported by military force to solve the insurgency problem. This research found that civil and military cooperation in the model of COIN Papua after special autonomy is reflected by the existence of Local Government Leaders Communication Forum of Papua to face all situations that happened in Papua, both in security and emergency. Active coordination among governors, local legislators, Adat communities (customary), police, and army for COIN strategy needs special coordination to global communities openly that affect opinions on the people and private sector interests in Papua.
Sulama Suyu Kalitesi Açısından Çanakkale–Biga Ovası Yeraltı Sularının Durumu
Authors: TOPÇU Emre , TAS İsmail
Published: July 2020

Su, canlı yaşamının en önemli gereksinimidir. Yeraltı suları özellikle kurak dönemlerde en önemli su kaynağıdır. Söz konusu kaynak, halihazırda özellikle hatalı ve özensiz kullanımlar nedeniyle kirlenerek kullanılamaz hale gelmektedir. Biga Ovası, Çanakkale ilinin en büyük ovası olup tarımsal üretimin yoğun yapıldığı bölgelerdendir. Çalışma alanında 20 kuyudan toplanan kuyu suyu örneklerinde; Elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), pH, Potasyum (K), Kalsiyum (Ca), Magnezyum (Mg), Sodyum (Na), Karbonat (CO3), Bikarbonat (HCO3), Klorür (Cl), Sülfat (SO4), Nitrat (NO3) ve Bor (B) parametreleri incelenmiştir. Su Kirliliği Kontrolü Yönetmeliği (SKKY) Sınıflandırma Sistemi dikkate alınarak sınıflandırıldığında ve tuzluluk parametresi dikkate alındığında 20 kuyudan 11’i ikinci sınıf diğerleri ise birinci sınıf olarak belirlenmiştir. Koruoba 1 ve Örtülüce 5 civarındaki yeraltı sularının EC’leri yüksek bulunmuştur. Geçirgenlik parametresi bakımından ise 12 kuyu ikinci sınıf olarak tespit edilmiştir. Özel iyon toksisitesi açsından sodyum için 7 kuyu üçüncü sınıf, bor bakımından da sadece Yeniçiftlik DSİ kuyusu üçüncü sınıf olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yeraltı sularında nitrat kirliliği dışında, çalışma alanı genelinde mevcut durumda belirgin bir problemin henüz oluşmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Construir a visibilidade dos cânceres ocupacionais. Uma pesquisa permanente em Seine-Saint-Denis
Authors: Thébaud-Mony Annie , Adão Felipe da Silva Pinto
Published: July 2020

Desde 2003, a prevenção dos cânceres ocupacionais tem sido considerada como uma prioridade sanitária que supõe uma produção de conhecimentos mobilizáveis por estratégias de proteção de trabalhadores assalariados contra a exposição profissional às causas carcinogênicas. A primeira parte deste artigo questiona a interpretação das desigualdades relacionadas ao câncer e coloca em evidência os limites do modelo dominante de interpretação da causalidade do câncer, fundado sobre o papel exclusivo de fatores comportamentais. Apoiando-se sobre as características do câncer, doença que se insere em um longo e complexo processo, a autora demonstra a tripla invisibilidade socialmente construída do câncer relacionado ao trabalho: a ignorância tóxica, a invisibilidade física e a invisibilidade social. A segunda parte apresenta uma pesquisa para a ação realizada desde 2001 com pacientes com câncer em três hospitais de Seine-Saint-Denis com o objetivo de reconstruir suas carreiras profissionais, identificar carcinógenos nessas carreiras e monitorar procedimentos para reconhecimento como doenças ocupacionais. Após um breve histórico da constituição da rede interdisciplinar e interinstitucional em que se realiza esta pesquisa, a autora apresenta o método e os resultados. Coloca-se em evidência a significativa poli-exposição ocupacional aos carcinógenos dos 684 pacientes acompanhados no estudo. Surge então outra história de cânceres ocupacionais, que segue a história das mudanças no trabalho e na produção económica, pondo em causa o modelo de referência para o reconhecimento dos trabalhadores ou ex-trabalhadores com câncer como doenças ocupacionais. Em conclusão, a autora propõe que a reconstrução das vias ocupacionais e as histórias de exposição se tornem uma dimensão necessária dos registros departamentais de câncer, possibilitando determinar, em nível local, quais as prioridades e estratégias a serem implementadas para a proteção dos trabalhadores contra a exposição ocupacional a carcinógenos.
Editorial Vol.12(2)
Authors: Khan Sirajur Rahman
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 85-88
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Acute MI in a Secondary Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Ullah - , Saha Suman Kumar , Rahman Md Toufiqur , Karim Md Abdul , Ahmed Rashid
Published: July 2020

Background: Incidence of noncommunicable disease, specially cardiovascular diseases, is increasing in Bangladesh. Prevalence of risk factors in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) has been studied in different tertiary hospitals and institutes. This study was done in a secondary hospital with a patient population mainly of low socioeconomic condition and was compared with other patient groups of the country and Indian subcontinent.

Methods: this cross sectional study was conducted in Manikganj Sadar Hospital from July 2019 to December 2019. All the patients admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) were included. Cardiovascular risk factors, like smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), family history of premature cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidaemia and obesity, were evaluated among the patients.

Results: This cross-sectional study showed most of the patients were in the age group of 50-59 years. 66% of the male patients and 2% of the female patients were smoker. 66% of the patients were hypertensive, 44% patients were diabetic, 28.5% patients were overweight, 60.4% patients had total cholesterol > 200mg/dl, 73.6% patients had LDL>130 mg/dl, 110 76.3% patients had HDL < 40 mg/ dl, 72.2% had triglyceride >150 mg/dl and 39% patients had family history of premature cardiovascular disease. Ninety (62.5%) patients had anterior MI, 50 (34.7%) patients had inferior MI and 4 (2.7%) patients had NSTEMI. 65 patients had no major risk factor and 57 % had three or more risk factors.

Conclusion: The study population was more aged in comparison to other studies conducted in different parts of Bangladesh. Prevalence of smoking habit was lower but the prevalence of HTN, DM and dyslipidaemia were higher than the general population and other cohorts of MI patients. The prevalence of major risk factors was much higher than the general population of Bangladesh.

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 96-101
Effect of Intraoperative Loading Dose of Amiodarone for Prophylaxis Against Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Rheumatic Valvular Heart Disease Undergoing Valve Replacement Surgery
Authors: Rahman Romena , Rahim AM Asif , Shahidullah AYM , Anisujjaman QM , Hossain ASM Iftekher , Hasan Md Kamrul , Raha Sanjay Kumar
Published: July 2020

Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia occurring after cardiac surgery and its peak incidence is between second or third postoperative day. It occurs in 40% to 50% of patients after valve surgery alone or combined valve and CABG surgery respectively. Among all the anti-arrhythmic drugs evaluated for AF, amiodarone has shown the most promising results with successful conversion and maintenance of normal sinus rhythm achieved in 50%–70% of patients.

Methods: Sixty diabetic patients purposively selected who underwent isolated off pump coronary artery bypass procedure in NICVD. Group A – 30 patients receiving loading dose of amiodarone intra-operatively before establishment of CPB during valve replacement surgery and Group B- 30 patients without receiving loading dose of amiodarone intra-operatively during valve replacement surgery. Incidence of atrial fibrillation in postoperative period was evaluated.

Results: Atrial fibrillation was observed in 8 (26.7%) patients in group A and 18 (60%) patients in group B (p=0.009). Ventricular tachycardia developed in 6.7% patients in group B and none in group A (p=0.47). Mean duration of ICU stay was 2.04±0.30 days in Group A and Group B was 2.98±0.77 days (p=0.03). Mean duration of post-operative stay was 7.20±0.66 days in Group A and Group B was 7.85±0.60 days (p=0.10).

Conclusion: A single intra operative dose of intravenous amiodarone increases the incidence of conversion of AF to normal sinus rhythm. When AF persisted, use of amiodarone reduces the frequency of need for cardioversion and the energy required for it.

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 102-108
Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Profile of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients
Authors: Barman Rabindra Nath , Ghafur Shakil , Sarkar Haripada , Zahid Md Abu , Mahmud Md Abdullah Al , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Islam Md Hasanul
Published: July 2020

Background: Cardiomyopathy is a primary disorder of heart muscle with abnormal myocardial performance. It is an important cause of heart failure and accounts for upto 25% of causes of heart failure. In view of the high prevalence of chronic heart failure due to underlying dilated cardiomyopathy and the lack of data on DCM, the study was undertaken.

Methods: A total of 100 patients (71 males and 29 females) of dilated cardiomyopathy were taken who was undergone Echocardiography at popular Diagnostic centre, Rangpur. ECG and echocardiography was done among all these patients using standard techniques.

Results: Majority of the patient was above the age 50 years with male to female ratio is 2.4 :1. Sinus tachycardia, non specific ST-T change, LVH, non progression of R in v1-v5 were common ECG abnormalities.

Conclusion: ECG may be normal in patients with DCM though sinus tachycardia and non specific ST-T abnormalities were common.

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 109-112
Association of Preoperative HbA1c Level with Incidence of New-onset Atrial Fibrillation during Early Postoperative Period after Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Uddin Md Jilhaj , Alam AKM Manzurul , Rahim AM Asif , Shahidullah AYM , Hossain ASM Iftekher , Ahmad Manzil
Published: July 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease and it adversely affects the postoperative outcome after CABG surgery. Adequate control of diabetes for a longer period, which can be assessed by HbA1c, before OPCAB may reduce development of postoperative atrial fibrillation and thus improve outcome.

Methods: This was an observational study included sixty diabetic patients purposively who underwent isolated off pump coronary artery bypass procedure in NICVD. Total sample contained 60 diabetic patients, which were divided in two equal groups. Grouping was Group I – 30 Diabetic patients with preoperative HbA1c <7% and Group II – 30 Diabetic patients with preoperative HbA1c ≥7% and all of whom underwent isolated OPCAB. Postoperative atrial fibrillation and other complications were recorded and compared in two groups of patients.

Results: Most postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) developed in higher age group 61-70 years (61.5%). Postoperative complications were higher in group II. Postoperative AF was significantly higher in diabetic patients having preoperative HbA1c ≥7% compare to diabetic patients with HbA1c <7% in early postoperative period after OPCAB. Age (61-70 years) (OR=1.872, p=0.018), preoperative HbA1c ≥7% (OR=19.029, p=0.002) and hypertension (OR=1.091, p=0.019) was found significantly associated with increased development of postoperative atrial fibrillation.

Conclusion: Our study revealed that higher preoperative HbA1c level was associated with increased incidence of new onset atrial fibrillation after OPCAB. So, it can be used as a reliable indicator for adequate control of diabetes preoperatively among patients selected for isolated elective OPCAB in future.

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 113-119
Study on Seasonal Variation of Acute Myocardial Infarction Hospitalization
Authors: Rahman Md Sajjadur , Chowdhury Abdul Wadud , Sabah Khandker Md Nurus , Amin Md Gaffar , Sarker Sudhakar , Ahmed Md Shuaib , Khan Mohammad Harun Ur Rashid , Khan Md Anisul Goni
Published: July 2020

Background: Coronary artery disease is an important medical and public health issue as it is common and leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Bangladesh as it is throughout the world. This study was carried out to determine the existence of seasonal rhythms in hospital admissions due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Dhaka Medical College Hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted during the period of April 2015 to March 2016 among the patients with AMI admitted at the Cardiology Department of DMCH. 882 patients were enrolled.

Results: The highest number of patients were admitted during winter (n=285, 32.3%) followed by post monsoon (n=213, 24.1%) and monsoon (n=194, 22.0%). The lowest number of patients were admitted during summer (n=190, 21.5%). The hospital admission was significantly higher in winter compared to other seasons (p-value versus summer, monsoon and post monsoon was 0.008, 0.011 and 0.042 respectively).

Conclusion: A seasonal variation in the hospital admission due to AMI with a peak in winter was clearly demonstrated in the study. Persons admitted to hospital with AMI tend to be all age groups and both sexes present a stronger seasonal variation peak admission in winter.

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 126-134
Life sketch of Prof. Emeritus M. Nabi Alam Khan
Authors: Ahsan NA Kamrul
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 143
Life sketch of Prof. Sirajur Rahman Khan
Authors: Ahmed Nasir Uddin
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 144
Clarence Walton Lillehei: The Pioneer Open Heart Surgeon
Authors: Md Anisuzzaman - , Hosain Nazmul
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 145-148
The Challenging Dream of Rene Favaloro and Genesis of Saphenous Venous Grafts
Authors: Md Anisuzzaman - , Hosain Nazmul
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 149-153
Surgical Extraction of a Huge Pacemaker Lead Vegetation Causing Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Palash SMA Zulkernine , Hossain Mohammad Delwar , Sakib Khan Tamjid Mohammad Najmus , Meher Thahera , Hassan Md Kamrul , Khan Saiful Islam , Ahmed Niaz , Ahmed Sohail , Haider Md Zulfiqur
Published: July 2020

Infections of implantable intracardiac devices such as pacemakers are relatively rare but serious complications. In this paper we report removal of a huge vegetation in RV lead of permanent pacemaker though open surgical approach using extracorporeal circulation which was giving rise to lead endocarditis. A new epicardial lead was placed as the patient was pacemaker dependent. Though the culture of the extracted material didn’t reveal any organism but the patient was improved a lot after operation from both symptomatic (subsidence of fever) & hemodynamic point of view. In follow-up OPD visit she was found to be recovered well without any complication. In conclusion, explantation of the entire pacemaker system is necessary to cure lead endocarditis in addition to appropriate antibiotic therapy.

Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 162-166
Factors affecting in vitro cultivation of grape (Vitis vinifera L.): a review
Authors: Kumsa Fikadu
Published: July 2020

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is globally cultivated as commercial fruit crop usually used for fruit purpose or industrial product. The objective of the current review is to review and identify the research gap on the effect of different growth media and vitrification on shooting and rooting performance of grape. Factors affecting rooting of grape cuttings can be internal or external factors. Currently, grapevines are very sensitive to disease in the conventional method of propagation. Even if tissue culture is recommended for healthy propagation of the grape varieties, still factors affecting the growth of the plant verifications were reported. This, review paper progressively revised for the existing factors and possible solutions during in vitro propagation of grapevines.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 1-5, June 2020
Effect of row arrangement of common bean with maize intercropping on yield and economic benefit of component crops under Gimbo and Guraferda, Kaffa and Bench Maji zones, South Ethiopia
Authors: Mogiso M , Nazib N
Published: July 2020

The yield advantage obtained due to intercropping is attributed to a better use of resources by crops grown in combinations, as compared to sole stands. Field experiment conducted at Gimbo and Guraferda during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons in order to determine the appropriate intercropping row arrangement on maize-common bean yield and economic advantages of the cropping system. Maize variety BH-540 and common bean variety Hawassa dume were used as test crop. The experiment used four treatments (sole maize, sole common bean, 1:1 maizecommon bean and 1:2 maize-common bean intercropping) arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Grain yield of the component crops were significantly varied by locations. The highest maize yield was recorded at Guraferda than Gimbo; whereas, common bean yielded better at Guraferda than at Gimbo. The combined mean grain yield of maize and common bean was significantly (p<0.05) higher for sole stands than intercropping. The highest yield of 6545.7 and 5570.6 kg ha-1 was obtained from sole maize at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. On the other hand, the highest yield of 3407.2 and 2638.0 kg ha-1 was obtained from growing sole common bean at Gimbo and Guraferda locations, respectively. The yield obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping was statistically same with sole maize yield at Guraferda. The highest LER of 1.62 and 1.52 with MAI of 15,268.05 and 13.695.90 ETB ha-1 obtained from 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping at Guraferda and Gimbo locations, respectively. Generally, growing 1:1 maize-common bean intercropping found to be more productive and economically profitable than others. Hence, a one row common bean intercropped between the two rows of maize can be recommended in the lowlands of Gimbo and Guraferda areas.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 22-27, June 2020
Growth performance, gut health, carcass yield traits and profitability of broiler chicken raised on compound diet supplemented with probiotics
Authors: Hossain MA , Dev S , Jahan I , Hossain MM
Published: July 2020

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic on growth performance, gut health, viability, carcass yield traits and cost benefit analyses etc., of broiler chicken from d1-28 days. A total of 192 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) was assigned into four dietary treatment groups, i.e. D1 (Control), D2 (Poultry Starsol), D3 (Avilac plus) and D4 (Avibac), and each treatment replicated six times with eight birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The chicks were raised in battery cages all the trial period. Ready-made starter diet (crumble) was fed the chicks up to 14 days, after that, grower (pellet) diet fed the broiler from d15 to 28 days. The water treated with probiotics at the rate of 1.0 g L-1 (Poultry Starsol), 1.0 ml L-1 (Avilac plus) and 1.0 g L-1 (Avibac) in D2, D3 and D4 treatment groups, respectively, and supplied the birds ad libitum entire the trial period. Data on feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and livability (%) were collected. Apart from this, caecal digesta sample was taken on 28 days to determine the gut microflora population, i.e. total viable count (TVC) and total lactobacilli count (TLC) of broilers. Carcass characteristics (dressing %, blood weight, drumstick weight, thigh weight, breast weight %) and cost benefit were also calculated on the last day of trial period to assess the different meat cuts and the profitability of broiler. The data revealed that FI, viability (%), TVC and TLC of broilers had no difference (P>0.05) between treatment on 28d. Except for first week, BWG was improved significantly (P<0.05) in the birds fed probiotics during d1-21 and d1-28, respectively. Superior FCR values (1.30, 1.34) were observed in the broilers of probiotics supplemented groups from d1-28 days of age. The results of carcass traits were influenced significantly (P<0.05) by dietary treatment. The percentage of breast weight, thigh weight, dressing yield, drumstick weight and blood weight was increased (P<0.05) in the supplemental group compared to control. Higher (P<0.01) net profit was observed in the birds of probiotics supplemented group than that of control group. It can be concluded that broiler responded positively as a result of probiotics supplementation in water, and can be raised profitably under farming condition with low cost.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 28-34, June 2020
Water and cow urine quenched biochar rate effect on yield and yield parameters of wheat
Authors: Temesgen J , Ahmed M
Published: July 2020

Biochar application to soil is important for crop production and productivity in Ethiopia mainly where high rainfall is available. This study was conducted in Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine campus during 2019 cropping season to determine the effect of cow urine and water quenched biochar with the biochar application rate on wheat yield and yield components. A wheat pot experiment was sown with two biochar rates (6 t ha-1 and 4 t ha-1 quenched with (cow urine and water). The number of effective tillers, spike length, seeds per spike, above dry biomass and thousand seed weight revealed non-significant differences. However, plant height, yield per pot and harvest index indicated significant variation due to the treatment combination of cow urine quenched, water quenched biochar and biochar rate over the control treatment. Six (6) tones biochar quenched with cow urine showed the maximum result and followed by 4 tones biochar quenched with cow urine. Biochar application has a significant advantage over control treatment.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 35-39, June 2020