bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Perlintasan Sebidang atau Level Crossing (Studi Kasus: Bandung Raya)
Authors: Tanne Yongki Alexander , Safira Herdiana , Zai Oktorius Tri Rezeki , Meilani Resma , Kurnia Sinta Afifah
Published: April 2024

Perlintasan sebidang antara jalan raya dan rel kereta api atau level crossing banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, salah satunya di wilayah Bandung Raya. Level crossing tidak hanya berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan lalu lintas antara kereta api dan kendaraan namun juga kecelakaan tunggal khususnya pengendara sepeda motor sebagai akibat dari perbedaan elevasi antara permukaan jalan dan rel yang tidak sesuai standar. Untuk itu, penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi mengenai kondisi level crossing, serta memberikan saran perbaikan terkait aspek teknis, peraturan serta memberikan usulan penggunaan teknologi. Studi literatur dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan referensi yang relevan sesuai dengan topik bahasan serta ditambah dengan pengamatan lapangan yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk membandingkan antara kondisi eksting dan kondisi ideal. Dari aspek teknis, kondisi perkerasan yang buruk menyebabkan perbedaan elevasi antara rel kereta dan permukaan jalan sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan. Hal ini diperparah dengan kondisi alinyemen horisontal pada beberapa perlintasan yang bersudut kurang dari 90°. Dari aspek peraturan, komponen perkerasan jalan dan rel berada pada kewenangan pihak yang berbeda. Hal ini diindikasikan menjadi penyebab operasional dan pemeliharaan level crossing yang kurang efisien. Dengan demikian, diusulkan beberapa jenis teknologi untuk peningkatan kualitas level crossing, antara lain: Rubber Crossing Panels, Prefabricated Modular Crossings, Continuous Welded Rail dan Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberikan masukan kepada para pemangku kepentingan termasuk pada peneliti untuk menganalisis lebih jauh mengenai peningkatan kualitas level crossing terutama dalam konteks operasional dan perawatan.
Defining Elements of Roller Pump Occlusion in Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery
Authors: Kato Shota , Sogabe Shota , Yoshioka Jun , Nakadate Kazuhiko , Kijima Hitoshi , Nomura Yasutomo
Published: April 2024

In surgery, centrifugal pumps are used when safety and biocompatibility are priorities. On the other hand, when considering operability and economy, roller pumps are used. The roller pump occlusion has to pay attention to the long-time operation causing axis displacement; Our study carried out that perfusion temperature executed the technology as a rule factor of the occlusion. To evaluate the manifestation of the circumference of the occlusion, we used three kinds of different roller diameters and measured perfusion temperature (Pt) and the electrical resistivity (Er), a pressure degree of the occlusion. Based on Japan Industrial Standard -T1603, we observed the differences between the three pumps with degree of the occlusion which we were setting in the same condition as a change of the occlusion by the progress at a time. Pt and Er repeated the up-down motion in three pumps every 30-60 minutes. In addition, the occlusion extended the interval in progress at a time. The pressure level of the sensor rose every 30 minutes and became unmeasurable afterward. This phenomenon affects that perfusion temperature changes influence the blood viscosity and, we suppose that it influenced a rise in para-blood temperature and it appeared in pressure change and Er of the occlusion. Therefore, control of the Pt leads to the appropriate control of the roller pump and we will be able to carry out physiological extracorporeal considering an indispensable element as SDGs.
Visuospatial cueing differences as a function of autistic traits
Authors: Heo Min Quan , English Michael C. W. , Maybery Murray T. , Visser Troy A. W.
Published: April 2024

Atypical orienting of visuospatial attention in autistic individuals or individuals with a high level of autistic-like traits (ALTs) has been well documented and viewed as a core feature underlying the development of autism. However, there has been limited testing of three alternative theoretical positions advanced to explain atypical orienting – difficulty in disengagement, cue indifference, and delay in orienting. Moreover, research commonly has not separated facilitation (reaction time difference between neutral and valid cues) and cost effects (reaction time difference between invalid and neutral cues) in orienting tasks. We addressed these limitations in two experiments that compared groups selected for Low- and High-ALT levels on exogenous and endogenous versions of the Posner cueing paradigm. Experiment 1 showed that High-ALT participants exhibited a significantly reduced cost effect compared to Low-ALT participants in the endogenous cueing task, although the overall orienting effect remained small. In Experiment 2, we increased task difficulty of the endogenous task to augment cueing effects. Results were comparable to Experiment 1 regarding the finding of a reduced cost effect for High-ALT participants on the endogenous cueing task and additionally demonstrated a reduced facilitation effect in High-ALT participants on the same task. No ALT group differences were observed on an exogenous cueing task included in Experiment 2. These findings suggest atypical orienting in High-ALT individuals may be attributable to general cue indifference, which implicates differences in top-down attentional processes between Low- and High-ALT individuals. We discuss how indifference to endogenous cues may contribute to social cognitive differences in autism.
Habilidades del Pensamiento Computacional y la Robótica Educativa en Estudiantes de Educación Inicial y Básica: Una Revisión Sistemática Desde la Literatura
Authors: Barrera Ariza Heber Manuel
Published: April 2024

El propósito del artículo es realizar una revisión literaria sistemática en relación a las variables de pensamiento computacional y robótica educativa en estudiantes de educación inicial y básica. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo, descriptivo de tipo bibliométrico bajo el método PRISMA; se recurrió a un periodo de indagación de 10 años (2013-2023) haciendo uso de la  base de datos Scopus. Para la realización de la búsqueda de la información se tuvo en cuenta operadores booleanos "computational thinking" and "educational robotics" and not "higher education" and not "teachers", obteniendo como resultado 236 artículos y posterior al cribado de información con la aplicación de criterios de exclusión, el resultado final fue de 12 artículos descritos en la matriz. En los resultados se observa homogeneidad en las investigaciones sobre el impacto positivo del uso de la robótica educativa para el desarrollo de las habilidades del pensamiento computacional de los estudiantes, todas las investigaciones revisadas lograron una transformación en las enseñanzas y aprendizajes a través de la intervención implementada. Se concluye que el pensamiento computacional es una habilidad fundamental en cualquier ámbito de la vida, teniendo en cuenta que promueve el razonamiento lógico y la toma de decisiones basadas en la lógica y la evidencia. La robótica educativa como herramienta interdisciplinaria permite a los estudiantes desarrollar habilidades del pensamiento computacional desde temprana edad. Se puede desarrollar a través de la construcción de robots o la simulación con herramientas conectadas o desconectadas para facilitar la enseñanza de conceptos básicos de robótica desde cualquier centro educativo.
SALINE AND SWAMPY (WATERLOGGED) SOILS OF KAZAKHSTAN AND WAYS TO IMPROVE THEM
Authors: Kurishbayev Akhylbek , Kaldybayev Sagynbay , Naushabayev Askhat , Mansurova Kamshat
Published: April 2024

The article describes the patterns of distribution of saline and swampy soils across the soil and climatic zones of Kazakhstan, describes the features of salt accumulation processes depending on geological development and identifies soil-halogeochemical provinces. Reclamation measures for their development are recommended. The most effective method of reclamation of hydromorphic meadow solonchaks of the chloride-sulfate type of salinization is leaching against the background of open deep horizontal drainage. Leaching of meadow solonchaks of the foothill plain of the Ili Alatau with a water norm of 5000 m3/ha provides desalination of the soil and soil thickness with a capacity of 0-80 cm. During soda salinization of solonetzic meadow-chestnut soils, the application of 2.1 and 4.2 t/ha of 1% sulfuric acid solution ensures the transformation of the ionic composition of the pore solution from soda to sulfate, which is subsequently removed by leaching. On swampy (waterlogged) soils, the most rational is the creation of highly productive meadow agrocenoses and the preservation of meadow biocenoses.
ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЕ СИЛОСА ПУТЕМ ВАКУУМИРОВАНИЯ ЗЕЛЕНОЙ МАССЫ В МЯГКИХ КОНТЕЙНЕРАХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НИЗКОРАМНОГО ПРИЦЕПА
Authors: Жумагалиев Еламан , Хазимов Жанат , Хазимов Канат , Шамуратов Даулет , Сералы Ботакөз
Published: April 2024

Среди кормов, особенно в стойловый период (независимо от сезона), для мясомолочного скотоводства большую долю занимает силос (до 65%). Рынок молока, по оценке Молочного союза Казахстана,  в республике около 78 % молока дают мелкие крестьянские хозяйства, остальное приходится на долю специализированных ферм. Из-за несовершенства существующих способов при заготовке и хранении силоса потери кормов составляет от 5 до 35%.  Поэтому недостаточная питательная ценность основного корма и сложность его сохранения из-за отсутствия технической базы приводит к снижению рентабельности молочного скотоводства.  В статье представлена функциональность стандартного низкорамного прицепа путем комплектования техническими средствами для ваккумирования силосной массы из-под комбайна. Принцип работы и отличия известного способа от нового образца мобильного способа.   Теоретически описаны процессы и операций выполняемые каждым механизмом агрегата. Представлен алгоритм нового метода состоящий из 6 операций. Представлены сравнительные графики Ганта по выпонеямым операциям известного от  усовершенствованного метода, общее время нового метода составила 46 минут, тем самым демонстрируя его эффективность использования.
RECURSOS HÍDRICOS, NOS CENTROS URBANIZADOS DAS GRANDES CIDADES BRASILEIRAS: AS ENCHENTES PROVOCADAS PELA URBANIZAÇÃO DESORDENADA
Authors: Mareco Edson assunção , Terenzi Ricardo
Published: April 2024

Diante da crescente consciência ambiental relacionada à limitação dos recursos naturais, o sistema de drenagem urbana apresenta conexão com vários elementos da infraestrutura urbana e deve ser tratada de modo responsável, cabendo ressalta o papel importante que ela exerce em relação a fatores socioeconômicos, ambientais e os cuidados que devemos tomar com os recursos hídricos nos centros urbanizados das Grandes Cidades. Desta forma os principais impactos das inundações nas grandes cidades, vêm deteriorando a qualidade de vida da população, devido ao aumento da frequência e do nível das inundações, prejudicando a qualidade da água, e o aumento da presença de materiais sólidos no escoamento pluvial. As inundações podem causar doenças que surgem do contato direto com a água contaminada, como a leptospirose, a febre tifoide e a hepatite. As bacias de detenção e retenção são obras, hidráulicas de drenagem urbana com a finalidade de estocar temporariamente e/ou infiltrar as águas pluviais, determinando o rearranjo temporal e/ou a redução das vazões escoadas. Os reservatórios de detenção e retenção são extremamente eficazes para grandes cidades, com elevada taxa de impermeabilização, a utilização desse modelo, começa a ser cada vez mais divulgado e aplicado no estudo de solução de controle de cheias e inundações urbanas. Neste contexto quero destaca, a necessidade de mostrar ações preventivas, onde ainda forem possíveis e corretivas, onde o problema já se encontra instalado. Demonstrar possíveis, erros cometidos ao incorporar a drenagem após o desenvolvimento urbano, demonstrando o custo elevado e a impossibilidade técnica econômica. No Brasil, o sistema de drenagem urbana foi construído ao longo de anos de forma descontinuada. Em suma, o sistema de drenagem urbana, enfrenta desafios relacionados ao crescimento desordenado das cidades, falta de manutenção e investimento inadequado. No entanto, a adoção de técnicas sustentáveis e um planejamento integrado podem contribuir para uma melhor gestão das águas pluviais e redução de problemas relacionados à drenagem urbana.
Norovirus infection in children in Romania
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Bajenaru Luminita ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Safta Mihaela Georgiana ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Gheorghe Elena ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Borcos Bianca ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Zah Luciana Maria ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Negrea Delia Ioana ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Popescu Ana-Maria ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Panciu Andreea Madalina ,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Jugulete Gheorghita ,   Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Matei Bals” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2024

Norovirus represents the most frequent cause of pediatric gastroenteritis requiring medical care. We conducted a prospective study on 276 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Romania from January 2017 to December 2019 to estimate the clinic-epidemiological and evolutionary impact of Norovirus infection. Among the 276 patients, the median age was 2.34 years, and 57.61% were male. The frequency of hospitalizations in a year was higher in August, September, and October, and 72.1% of patients were from urban areas. Diarrhea (92.58%), vomiting (83.33%), anorexia (92.03%), and fever (57.61%) predominated, while abdominal pain (46.74%), nausea (30.8%), headache (18.84%), and myalgia (18.12%) were in lower percentages. Dehydration occurred in 99.28% of patients. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, we formulated two hypotheses: in the 0-4 years category, the number of cases requiring hospitalization is inversely proportional to age (Pearson coefficient age-number of cases - 0.92), and the younger the age, the more it is associated with other infections and the longer the hospitalization duration. Conclusions. The clinic-epidemiological characteristics of patients with Norovirus infection are influenced by age – the younger the age, the longer the hospitalization duration and the higher the presence of associated infections; the average age is 2.34 years, with a predominance of males and children from urban areas. Hospitalization is high in August, September, and October, and diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia predominate.
Transcatheter versus surgical closure of atrial septal defect: comparison of early result and complication
Authors:   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, “Dr. Soetomo” General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Jasin Yayu Dwinita , Rahman Mahrus A. ,   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, “Dr. Soetomo” General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

Background. Surgical therapy for closure of atrial septal defect with cardiopulmonary bypass is the gold standard. Transcatheter closure has become an alternative for the treatment of atrial septal defect because 80-90% of atrial septal defects can be resolved without surgery. The success of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect is almost 80% of all patients with atrial septal defect. Objective. To analyze the differences in the results of transcatheter and surgical closure of atrial septal defects Method. The type of research is observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. The sample is medical record data from pediatric patients with atrial septal defect who underwent transcatheter and surgical closure of the atrial septal defect between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2023 at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. All subjects with incomplete data will be excluded. Results. The total research subjects were 81 subjects, divided into 2 groups: transcatheter 41/81 (50.6%) and surgical 40/81 (49.6%). Transcatheter and surgical procedures had similar success rates (100% vs 92.5%, p=1.116). Transcatheter procedures had a longer ICU stay (0.07 day vs 3 days, p<0.001) and longer hospital stay (4,8 days vs 7,3 days, p<0.001) than surgical procedures. The total procedure cost of transcatheter procedures was also cheaper than surgical procedures (61 million vs 91 million, p<0.001). Complications of transcatheter procedures were also lower than surgical procedures (12.2% vs 52.5%, p<0.001). Conclusion. Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects showed excellent result, shorter ICU and hospital stay, lower costs, and fewer complications.
A case report of an organic foreign body aspiration in a young child-bridging the gap between anamnestic, clinical and radiological aspects
Authors:   “Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Gutu-Robu Mihaela , Nastac Cristiana ,   “Regina Maria” Hospital, Brasov, Romania, Mosescu Simona ,   “Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Condrat Mihai ,   Hyperclinica Medlife Unirii, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2024

Foreign body aspiration occurs more frequently in young children due to immature anatomical and functional structures like underdeveloped mechanism of swallowing, weak airway protective reflexes or the absence of molars. We describe the case of a 13-months-old girl who presented for a subsided paroxysmal cough with a sudden onset and intermittent wheezing after eating a piece of walnut. We highlight the importance of a well conducted anamneses and an efficient communication in a multidisciplinary team by describing the way we diagnosed the patient, the therapeutic method used in the removal of the foreign body and the favorable evolution. We analyze the medical literature to check the similarities and differences observed in our case. This could raise awareness among pediatricians about this diagnosis and encourage general practitioners to get involved in educating the parents in Romania.
Assessment of cervical spondylosis by dynamic MRI and its advantages over routine MRI
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Osama Mohamed Awwad Amina , Ibrahim Fahmy Marwa ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Ibrahim Abdel Rahman Hazem ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Mohamed Gamal Noha ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: April 2024

Background and objectives. Cervical spondylosis is an age-related condition that influences the various components of the spine. Attributed to its exceptional tissue contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred diagnostic modality for assessing cervical spondylosis. Dynamic MRI examination adds diagnostic information obtained from imaging the patient in flexion and extension. Our study had the purpose of evaluating the flexion-extension MRI’s diagnostic utility. Materials and methods. 40 patients with cervical spondylosis joined our prospective cross-sectional study. The patients were examined by flexion and extension sagittal T2 weighted images (Dynamic MRI) in addition to static MRI cervical spine protocol. The study was carried out in our department and lasted for two years. Results. Total central spinal stenosis (TCSS) was considerably higher in extension in comparison to neutral MRI (Mean ± SD =6.1± 1.45 compared to 4.7 ± 1.29) (p<0.001) showing that extension raises the severity of the cervical spinal stenosis. TCSS was significantly decreased in flexion compared to neutral MRI (Mean ± SD = 3.2 ± 0.79 compared to 4.7 ± 1.29) (p<0.001) assuming flexion reduces the radiological severity of stenosis. Conclusion. Dynamic MRI is a valuable imaging modality. It provides useful information by highlighting more central spinal stenosis, particularly in the extension position, which enhances the treatment regimens for patients with cervical spondylosis.
Profil Organoleptik Dan Kandungan Gizi Naget Ikan Gabus Yang Difortifikasi Kecambah Kacang Hijau
Authors: Yuliani Yuliani , Fahri Muhammad , Marwati Marwati , Candra Krishna Purnawan
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis profil organoleptik, kandungan gizi, dan total kalori Naget Ikan Gabus (NIG) dengan fortifikasi Kecambah Kacang Hijau (KKH). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian faktor tunggal dalam rancangan acak lengkap, dengan enam perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. KKH yang ditambahkan adalah 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 25% dari jumlah daging ikan gabus. Data kandungan gizi dan total kalori dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil pada taraf α 5%, sedangkan data organoleptik dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan frekuensi terbanyak (modus). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fortifikasi KKH sampai dengan 25% memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik organoleptik dan gizi NIG (p0,05). NIG dengan penambahan KKH sampai dengan 10% mendapat respons disukai untuk atribut aroma, rasa, dan tekstur, sedangkan warna disukai hingga penambahan kecambah kacang hijau sebanyak 25%. NIG yang dihasilkan berwarna kuning keemasan hingga kuning kecokelatan. Semakin tinggi penambahan konsentrasi KKH menyebabkan respons sensoris mutu hedonik untuk aroma dan rasa ikan gabus menurun, sebaliknya respons sensoris mutu hedonik untuk aroma dan rasa KKH menjadi meningkat. Semakin besar penambahan KKH juga meningkatkan kelembutan tekstur NIG, serta meningkatkan kadar Abu; Air, Lemak; dan Protein, tetapi menurunkan kadar Karbohidrat dan total kalori NIG.
Pemanfaatan Kepala Dan Tulang Terhadap Penerimaan Konsumen Dan Karakteristik Kimia Pempek Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Husaini Andika Vahri , Pamungkas Bagus Fajar , Irawan Irman , Mismawati Andi , Diachanty Seftylia
Published: April 2024

Pempek adalah makanan yang terbuat dari daging ikan, tepung tapioka, air, dan garam yang dicampur menjadi satu adonan dan dibentuk, lalu direbus, dikukus, digoreng atau dipanggang, serta memiliki tekstur yang kenyal dan elastis. Penambahan bahan tambahan yang bervariasi akan menghasilkan karakteristik kimia dan penerimaan konsumen yang berbeda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan kepala dan tulang ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) terhadap karakteristik kimia dan penerimaan konsumen pada pempek ikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan, sampel yang diolah terdiri dari kontrol (P0), dan perlakuan formulasi KTL sebanyak 5% (KT1), 10% (KT2), 15% (KT3), dan 20% (KT4) analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis variansi (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Parameter yang diamati antara lain kimia (kadar air, abu, lemak, dan protein) dan penerimaan konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan proporsi antara daging dan kepala tulang lumat ikan bandeng memberikan pengaruh terhadap sifat kimia (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, dan kadar lemak). Penerimaan konsumen pada parameter warna, aroma, tekstur, dan keseluruhan lebih menyukai formulasi 20%, sedangkan untuk indikator rasa konsumen lebih menyukai formulasi 0%.
Karakteristik Kimia Dan Organoleptik Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa Dalam Menurunkan Cemaran Logam Timbal (Pb) Pada Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis)
Authors: Djalil Jhodi Pratama , Salimi Yuszda K , Iyabu Hendri , Bialangi Nurhayati , Mohamad Erni , Kunusa Wiwin Rewini
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine the chemical characteristics of coconut shell liquid smoke and analyze the effectiveness of using liquid smoke in reducing Pb metal contamination in skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus Pelamis). Grade 2 liquid smoke from coconut shells is produced by the Pulubala IKM center through the stages of pyrolysis and distillation. This study employs a completely randomized design (CRD) with two replications. To determine the chemical characteristics of the liquid smoke, the analyzed methods include pH measurement, phenol content, total acidity, protein content, organoleptic value, and the chelating power of heavy metal Pb with variations in the concentration of liquid smoke test solutions AC (undiluted liquid smoke), AC2, AC4, AC6, and AC10 (liquid smoke with the addition of distilled water at 2%, 4%, 6%, and 10%). The results show that the best treatment is obtained from coconut shell liquid smoke with AC concentration (undiluted liquid smoke) having the best characteristics, namely a pH value of 4, phenol content of 1.6469%, total acidity of 14.94 mg/mL, protein content of 0.6083%, and a chelating power for heavy metal Pb of 97.32%. The results of the organoleptic test indicate that overall, the highest score was obtained with a neutral value at the concentration of AC2 (liquid smoke with the addition of 2% distilled water).
The Impact of Heating Temperature and Flux Ratio on the In-Situ Casting Technique as a Direct Recycling of AlSi7Mg Machining Chips
Authors: Ain Zubaidah Samian  , Aslinda Saleh  , Nazreen James Nazri  , Norfazillah Talib  , Haslina Abdullah  , Woon Kiow Lee
Published: April 2024

Recycling aluminium and its alloys is gaining popularity in reducing energy consumption and associated manufacturing expenses. The fluxing process is the preferred and often-used technique in the recycling sector for removing oxide inclusions from molten aluminium. The present study investigates the influence of flux ratio and heating temperature on the behaviour of aluminium alloy chips (AlSi7Mg) during in-situ casting. The primary objective is to create a more efficient and economical approach to recycling aluminium waste. The chips underwent heating for 30 minutes inside a controlled laboratory furnace. The temperatures used during this procedure were 750°C and 800°C. The chips were combined with flux in ratios of 1:0.1 and 1:0.2. The number of melted chips rose due to increasing the temperature and flux ratio. The heated samples were subjected to surface morphology and elemental analysis using a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) examination indicated the presence of oxygen on the surface of the unprocessed aluminium alloy machining chips. On the other hand, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the observed condition may be attributed to the oxidation process, proven by the presence of Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3).
Marginal chipping factor in machinable zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramic veneer restorations
Authors: H. Hasan Nadia , Malallah Ali Dhahee , Hazim Qasim Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Background:The marginal edges of the laminate veneer ceramic restorations are very critical areas that play a very determinant role in the success of this type of esthetic restorations.Aim:To evaluate the marginal chipping factor of laminate veneer restorations prepared from both zirconia lithium disilicate materials. Materials and methods:Two typodont teeth representing the upper central incisors were used to prepare laminate veneers with an overlapping incisal design. These veneers were fabricated in two thicknesses (0.5 mm and 0.3 mm) using three types of multilayer zirconia materials with varying yttria percentages (3Y, 5Y, and 3Y/5Y) as well as lithium disilicate computer-aided-design (CAD) blocks. The veneers were divided into four groups based on the yttria percentage and further subdivided into two subgroups for the thickness. Top-view images of the veneer margins were captured and imported into the Image Pro Plus software. The average periphery of each veneer margin was 30 mm. The lengths of the chipped margins were measured under a stereomicroscope, and the CF was calculated.Results: One-way ANOVAsuggested significant differences among the ceramics. e.max CAD ceramic veneers exhibited the highest mean CF values (4.72, 5.9), whereas 3Y/5Y zirconia veneers demonstrated the lowest mean CF values (0.74, 1.54) for 0.5 mm and 0.3 mm thicknesses, respectively. Independent t-tests indicated no significant difference in the CF between 0.5 mm and 0.3 mm thicknesses for each ceramic material.Conclusion:Different ceramic materials exhibited varying levels of marginal chipping, with zirconia ceramics demonstrating lower CF than lithium disilicate ceramics. Reducing the veneer thickness from 0.5 mm to 0.3 mm did not significantly affect the CF.
Improving esthetics after Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) treatment –Need of the Time!
Authors: Goswami Mridula , Singh Archana
Published: April 2024

Background:Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a non-invasive, low-cost, antibacterial solution that has been introduced to potentially arrest active carious lesions. However, poor aesthetics is the main disadvantage, as it causes black staining on treated teeth.Aim:This study aimed to compare the ability of two different materials, Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) and Giomer, to mask the discolouration caused by SDF on extracted deciduous molars. Materials and methods:Twenty carious primary molars indicated for extraction were selected and allocated to two groups. The samples in Groups 1 and 2 were restored with GIC and giomer, respectively, after SDF application. Colour measurement was done using a Spectrophotometer and compared between the two groups. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. The level of significance was assessed at p value less than 0.05.Results: A statistically significant difference (p=0.001) was observed in the colour masking efficacy of Group 1 and Group 2, and the intergroup comparison also revealed statistically significant findings.Conclusion:This study found that both materials had significant masking abilities and reduced the discolouration caused by SDF application
Desafios de governança e gestão da metrópole amazônica : entrevista com Edmilson Brito Rodrigues
Authors: Rodrigues Edmilson Brito , Costa Marco Aurélio , Ferreira Junior Carlos Henrique Carvalho
Published: April 2024

Entrevista com Edmilson Brito Rodrigues sobre Governança e gestão da metrópole amazônica.
Metrópoles e governança metropolitana : entrevista com Jeroen Klink
Authors: Klink Jeroen Johannes , Silva Gerardo , Costa Marco Aurélio , Ferreira Junior Carlos Henrique Carvalho
Published: April 2024

Entrevista com Jeroen Johannes Klink sobre metrópoles e governança metropolitana.
Evaluation of Menstrual Hygiene in Young Females in the Age Group of 18-25 Years. A Study from Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Anusha R. , Priya P. , Christuraj P. Allwin , Priya Dharshini R.Siva , Nivethitha S.
Published: April 2024

The menstrual cycle is a phenomenon specific to women. One of the biggest changes that girls go through in their adolescence is the commencement of the menstrual cycle. The menarche, or first period, happens between the ages of 11 to 15. Menstruation is a normal procedure, but it's also associated with a number of myths and customs that might occasionally have a negative impact on one's health. At the Sree Ramakrishna Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences and Hospital in Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu, India, ladies between the ages of 18 and 25 are participating in the study. After the purpose of the study was described, verbal consent was obtained. 30 people answered this questionnaire. The survey consists of 30 questions. Sanitation, pain management, water consumption, and sanitary napkins were among the characteristics of the questionnaire. Female volunteers who were uncooperative or unwilling were not included in the study.Most women have regular menstrual cycles. Nobody uses a menstrual cup. The state of sanitary hygiene is mediocre at best. Women therefore need more education about the need for a healthy diet, good cleanliness, and sanitation. Future medical interventions should concentrate on these areas in order to improve young women's general health and wellness.
The Power of Planning: How Lesson Plans Enhance Teacher Clarity and Classroom Management
Authors: Asad Juma Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Effective teachers rely on clear communication and well-managed classrooms to foster student engagement and achievement. This study investigates the impact of lesson planning on these crucial aspects of teacher effectiveness. By analyzing existing research, the paper finds a positive connection between lesson planning and both teacher clarity and classroom management. Lesson plans equip teachers with the tools to organize content logically, anticipate student difficulties, and develop clear instructional strategies, leading to reduced student confusion and enhanced communication. Furthermore, lesson planning allows for proactive strategies to address potential classroom challenges, promoting a more structured and efficient learning environment. This paper contributes to the existing research by emphasizing the multifaceted benefits of lesson planning, not just for teacher clarity but also for creating a well-managed learning environment that fosters student engagement.
Comparative Analysis of Financial Ratio Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Retail Trade Companies in Indonesia Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: SIPAHUTAR Robinson , PURBA Betniar
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the financial performance of retail trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 until early 2021. The financial ratios used are the current ratio, debt to asset ratio, debt to equity ratio. , total assets turnover, and return on equity. The population in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The population is 26 retail trading companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020. A sample of 24 companies that have published their financial statements 2020. The data analysis method used is the paired sample t-test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test, which were previously tested normality. The results of the analysis show that the company's profitability during the COVID-19 pandemic when viewed from ROA, ROE and PM can be said to be unhealthy, because the company's average profitability is below the industry standard ratio value. Meanwhile, the company's liquidity during the COVID-19 pandemic when viewed from the CR, DER and DAR can also be said to be unhealthy. This can be seen from the average ratio value, far from the industry standard ratio value
An Automated Chemical Exploration of NGC 6334I at 340 au Resolution
Authors: El-Abd Samer J. , Brogan Crystal L. , Hunter Todd R. , Lee Kin Long Kelvin , Loomis Ryan A. , McGuire Brett A.
Published: April 2024

Much of the information gleaned from observations of star-forming regions comes from the analysis of their molecular emission spectra, particularly in the radio regime. The time-consuming nature of fitting synthetic spectra to observations interactively for such line-rich sources, however, often results in such analysis being limited to data extracted from a single-dish observation or a handful of pixels from an interferometric observation. Yet, star-forming regions display a wide variety of physical conditions that are difficult, if not impossible, to accurately characterize with such a limited number of spectra. We have developed an automated fitting routine that visits every pixel in the field of view of an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data cube and determines the best-fit physical parameters, including excitation temperature and column densities, for a given list of molecules. In this proof-of-concept work, we provide an overview of the fitting routine and apply it to 0.″26, 1.1 km s−1 resolution ALMA observations of two sites of massive star formation in NGC 6334I. Parameters were found for 21 distinct molecules by generating synthetic spectra across 7.48 GHz of spectral bandwidth between 280 and 351 GHz. Spatial images of the derived parameters for each of the >8000 pixels are presented with special attention paid to the C2H4O2 isomers and their relative variations. We highlight the greater scientific utility of the column density and velocity images of individual molecules compared to traditional moment maps of single transitions.
Studies on Junk-DNA: Where does Junk-DNA come from?
Authors: Gaballah Yousef
Published: April 2024

Here we present a hypothesis that describes where junk DNA comes from in a pursuit of forming a well-established scientific theory. We suppose that junk DNA is added to our genomes by practical organisms via history (DNA fragments). The hypothesis is based on a number of facts such as oncoviruses and tumeor-causing bacteria. A set of experiments that aims to test our hypothesis is proposed as well. In addition to our main pursuit, we aspire to form a protocol that aims at discovering the "evolutional age" of various species.
School Well-Being and Academic Performance of Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A National Register-Based Study
Authors: Pedersen Malthe J. , Høst Christian , Hansen Stefan Nygaard , Klotsche Jens , Minden Kirsten , Deleuran Bent W. , Bech Bodil H.
Published: April 2024

Objective

We aimed to investigate how school well-being (SWB) and academic performance of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compare to their peers on a national level using the Danish national registers. Further, we investigated the potential influence of socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods

A population-wide, register-based, cross-sectional study was performed. We compared the results of children with and without JIA in the Danish National Well-Being Questionnaire (DNWQ), the National Danish School Testing (NDST), and their ninth grade (aged approximately 16 yrs) final school marks in Danish and mathematics. The results were analyzed using adjusted ordinal logistic regression (SWB) and linear regression (tests and marks).

Results

In separate cohorts, we included a total of 505,340 children answering the DNWQ, 812,461 children with NDST results, and the ninth-grade final marks of 581,804 children. Of these children, 1042, 1541, and 1410, respectively, fulfilled the criteria of JIA. Children with JIA reported SWB comparable to their peers, except for the question “Do you perform well in school?” (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.99). In the NDST, the children with JIA in general did just as well as their peers. We found no differences in the ninth-grade final marks in either Danish or mathematics. Stratifying the analyses on SES showed no significant differences in the associations.

Conclusion

Overall, children with JIA report SWB comparable to that of children without JIA and perform equally well in school as children without JIA.
Association of Infant Breastfeeding and Juvenile Spondyloarthritis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Baggett Katelyn H. , Brandon Timothy G. , Xiao Rui , Weiss Pamela F.
Published: April 2024

Objective

Given the multifactorial pathogenesis of juvenile spondyloarthritis (JSpA) and evidence of a protective effect in phenotypically similar diseases, we aimed to test whether breastfeeding is associated with the development and disease activity of JSpA.

Methods

This single-center retrospective case-control study included children with JSpA and age- and sex-matched controls with a 1:1 ratio. Univariable and multivariable conditional logistic regression modeling for matched pairs was used to test the association of infant factors with the development of JSpA, including infant nutrition and form of delivery. Linear regression was used to assess the association of JSpA disease activity (JSpA Disease Activity Index with 6 elements [JSpADA6]) at presentation with breastfeeding exposure, form of delivery, and antibiotic exposure.

Results

For the 195 case-control matched pairs, the mean age was 13.0 years and 47.7% were female. For breastfeeding, 88.7% of controls and 69.2% of JSpA cases were exposed to breastfeeding of any duration, respectively (P< 0.001). In the multivariable model, exclusive breastfeeding > 6 months was independently and significantly associated with a lower chance of JSpA development (odds ratio 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.72;P< 0.001). The median JSpADA6 was not significantly associated with breastfeeding for > 6 months. However, vaginal delivery was significantly associated with a lower JSpADA6 (B = −0.65, 95% CI −1.13 to −0.17;P= 0.008).

Conclusion

This study suggests that infant factors that affect the microbiome may be associated with the occurrence and disease activity of JSpA at presentation.
Prevalence, Predictors, and Prognosis of Serious Infections in Takayasu Arteritis: A Cohort Study
Authors: Misra Durga Prasanna , Rathore Upendra , Jagtap Swapnil , Mishra Prabhaker , Thakare Darpan R. , Singh Kritika , Qamar Tooba , Singh Deeksha , Dixit Juhi , Behera Manas Ranjan , Jain Neeraj , Ora Manish , Bhadauria Dharmendra Singh , Gambhir Sanjay , Agarwal Vikas , Kumar Sudeep
Published: April 2024

Objective

To describe the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with serious infections in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA).

Methods

Serious infections, defined as infections resulting in hospitalization or death or unusual infections like tuberculosis, were identified from a cohort of patients with TA. Corticosteroid and disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) use at the time of serious infection was noted. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, angiography, and disease activity at presentation, and the use of DMARDs during follow-up were compared between patients with TA with or without serious infections. Mortality in patients with TA who developed serious infections was compared to those who did not using hazard ratios (HR; with 95% CI).

Results

Of 238 patients with TA, 38 (16%) had developed serious infections (50 episodes, multiple episodes in 8; 3 episodes resulted in death). Among the 38 initial episodes, 11/38 occurred in those not on corticosteroids and 14/38 in those not on DMARDs. Pneumonia (n = 19) was the most common infection, followed by tuberculosis (n = 12). Patients with TA who developed serious infections vs those who did not had higher disease activity at presentation (active disease 97.4% vs 69.5%, mean Indian Takayasu Arteritis Activity Score 2010 12.7 (SD 7.3) vs 10.2 (SD 7.0), mean Disease Extent Index in Takayasu Arteritis 11.2 (SD 6.1) vs 8.8 (SD 6.1) and were more frequently initiated on corticosteroids or DMARDs. HRs calculated using exponential parametric regression survival-time model revealed increased mortality rate in patients with TA who developed serious infections (HR 5.52, 95% CI 1.75-17.39).

Conclusion

Serious infections, which occurred in the absence of immunosuppressive treatment in approximately one-fifth of patients with TA, were associated with increased mortality in patients with TA.
Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis–Related Enthesitis and Persistence on Tofacitinib Under Real-World Conditions
Authors: Braña Ignacio , Loredo Marta , Pardo Estefanía , Burger Stefanie , Fernández-Bretón Eva , Queiro Rubén
Published: April 2024

Objective

Information on the persistence of tofacitinib (TOF) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is scarce in real-world conditions. Our objective was to analyze the persistence and safety of TOF under these conditions.

Methods

This was a single-center retrospective longitudinal observational study of all patients with PsA who received at least 1 dose of TOF. The main focus was on adverse events (AEs) and drug survival. Drug survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves and persistence explanatory factors by multivariate Cox regression models. The hazard ratio (HR) was used to measure association.

Results

Seventy-two patients were included, 54 women and 18 men, mean age 51.9 (SD 11.1) years, mean disease duration of 10.4 (SD 6.99) years. TOF was ≥ third line of therapy in > 70% of cases. The median survival was 13.0 (IQR 5.3-29.0) months. One-year retention rate was 52.7% (95% CI 42.4-65.6). TOF survival was not influenced by sex, disease duration, comorbidities, or line of treatment. Younger patients (HR 0.96,P= 0.01) and those with enthesitis (HR 0.37,P= 0.03) showed lower odds of drug discontinuation. The overall rate of AEs was 52.9 (95% CI 38.5-70.6)/100 person-years. Most AEs occurred during the first 6 months of exposure.

Conclusion

In this real-world study, TOF showed a reasonably good retention rate in a PsA population that was mostly refractory to biologic and oral targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. There were no new causes for concern regarding safety. Patients with refractory PsA and enthesitis might be a specific target population for this drug.
Lupus Nephritis Treatment Strategies
Authors: Contreras Martin Gabriel Nicolas
Published: April 2024

Lupus nephritis (LN) is present in approximately 25% to 50% of patients at the time of systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis and eventually develops in up to 60% of adults and 80% of children.1Over the past 5 decades, major advances in immunosuppressive medications for patients with severe LN (classes III, IV, and V alone or in combination) have resulted in significant improvements in patient survival.2
Uncertainty principle for vector-valued functions
Authors: Qu Feifei , Wei Xin , Chen Juan
Published: April 2024

The uncertainty principle for vector-valued functions of $ L^2({\mathbb{R}}^n, {\mathbb{R}}^m) $ with $ n\ge 2 $ are studied. We provide a stronger uncertainty principle than the existing one in literature when $ m\ge 2 $. The phase and the amplitude derivatives in the sense of the Fourier transform are considered when $ m = 1 $. Based on these definitions, a generalized uncertainty principle is given.
Synergistic antibacterial effects of Trachyspermum ammi L. essential oil and sodium nitrite in combination on artificially inoculated food models
Authors: Malik T. , Sarkar O. , Pant S.
Published: April 2024

The addition of carminative essential oils could be an approach for food preservation and would minimize or substitute chemical preservatives. In the present study, essential oils (n=11) namely, Anethum sowa, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Citrus bergamia, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Cymbopogon martini, Cymbopogon winterianus, Elettaria cardamomum, Mentha arvensis, Ocimum basilicum, Salvia sclarea and Trachyspermum ammi, were screened against Aeromonas hydrophila and Listeria monocytogenes. The largest diameters of zone of inhibition, 19.9 ± 0.33 mm and 21.7 ± 0.58 mm, were exhibited by T. ammi essential oil against Aeromonas hydrophila and Listeria monocytogenes, respectively. Growth inhibition studies for T. ammi essential oil, sodium nitrite and their combinations were also carried out on cucumber, apple, gram flour soup and mutton broth models. The combination of T. ammi essential oil and sodium nitrite depicted synergism and was also effective in reducing the bacterial counts in artificially inoculated food systems.
E se tudo não passasse de um teste?
Authors: Engler Maicon Reus
Published: April 2024

Este artigo discute uma hipótese hermenêutica da exegese de Platão com o intuito de mostrar que, ante os paradigmas de leitura existentes, ela oferece resposta original para o problema da crítica aos diálogos médios contida nos diálogos tardios. Depois de comentar algumas dificuldades da interpretação de Platão (seção I) e a vigência de diferentes paradigmas de interpretação dos Diálogos, a hipótese basanística é apresentada (seção II) com auxílio de dois trechos da República. Em seguida, são analisadas algumas de suas vantagens (seção III) e alguns de seus problemas (seção IV). A conclusão aponta para seu caráter inovador e sua eficiência como ferramenta de leitura dos Diálogos.