bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIVÊNCIAS LÚDICAS COM JOGOS, BRINQUEDOS E BRINCADEIRAS NA PRÉ-ESCOLA PARA COMPARTILHAMENTO DE EXPERIÊNCIAS DOCENTES NO CONTEXTO DA ZONA RURAL DE SÃO LUÍS - MA
Authors: Guterres Ione Da Silva
Published: August 2022

Este artigo trata sobre a importância da utilização de um Protocolo de Práticas, no contexto de uma pré-escola da rede pública municipal de São Luís do Maranhão, evidenciando as vivências lúdicas com jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras. Busca dividir estas vivências como compartilhamento de experiências docentes na Educação Infantil. Assim sendo, objetiva contribuir para a melhoria nas práxis pedagógicas das docentes da pré-escola, evidenciando o brincar como direito à infância e eixo norteador das práticas educativas, possibilitando às crianças e às educadoras da infância, diversas vivências e sugestões lúdicas no cotidiano educacional. As concepções epistemológicas utilizadas, partiram da pesquisa de intervenção por meio da contribuição de Pereira (2019) e dos estudiosos que tratam do brincar: Quinteiro (2002), Corsaro (2011), Brougère (2010), Kishimoto (2011), Friedmann (2012), Malaguzzi (2016) e Guterres (2022); além das DCNEIs (2010) e a BNCC (2017). O público alvo foi 87 crianças e 04 educadoras, onde se utilizou da entrevista semiestruturada e da observação participante como instrumento de geração de dados. Propõe-se como sugestão um quadro síntese de Protocolo de Prática, estimando que o mesmo colabore com os saberes e fazeres docentes no cotidiano da infância com relação ao brincar como linguagem específica das crianças.
COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA E FUNCIONAL DE SUBSTÂNCIAS FENÓLICAS NO FRUTO DE MALPIGHIA EMARGINATA D.C.: REVISÃO.
Authors: Pires Keyla Bendia , Rezende Bráulio Luciano Alves , Endringer Denise Coutinho , França Hildegardo Seibert
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho tem por finalidade analisar a potencialidade funcional do fruto e de resíduos agroindustriais de acerola, relatando as substâncias fenólicas que atuam como antioxidantes. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico em revistas nacionais e internacionais, usando os unitermos Malpighia emarginata, acerola, atividade antioxidante, substâncias fenólicas e resíduos agroindustriais de frutos. Além dos aspectos gerais da cultura da acerola, no levantamento observaram-se vários estudos que caracterizam a estrutura química da polpa dos frutos, as substâncias que atuam como atividades antioxidantes, os possíveis fatores que influenciam na composição química e a utilização de resíduos agroindustriais da acerola na obtenção de substâncias fenólicas. Os resultados dos estudos indicaram que várias substâncias como flavonoides, carotenoides, ácido ascórbico e antocianinas apresentam significante capacidade antioxidante. Além disso, o elevado teor de antioxidantes fenólicos no fruto de acerola sugere que seja possível que os resíduos agroindustriais tragam benefícios para a saúde. Este estudo é importante devido ao baixo custo dos resíduos de frutos – os quais deveriam ser considerados como recursos potenciais em diversas áreas - que, de outro modo, seria descarregada como lixo no meio ambiente. Conclui-se que substâncias presentes no fruto de acerola podem contribuir positivamente para saúde humana.
A REFLEXÃO COMO PRÁTICA CONSTANTE DA PROFESSORA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: AGUIAR Aline , ESPERANÇA Joice
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre a constituição de uma professora-pesquisadora atuante na Educação Básica. O objetivo do texto é evidenciar a prática docente atrelada à pesquisa dentro da escola, ou seja, mostrar como dentro da Educação Básica temos profissionais que refletem e modificam a sua prática por meio da pesquisa. A metodologia escolhida é evidenciada de duas formas: pela pesquisa bibliográfica e pela pesquisa autobiográfica. A primeira abordagem metodológica consiste na reflexão e análise a partir do referencial teórico baseado nos estágios da vida profissional e nos saberes das professoras, construídos em processos de formação continuada, no cotidiano escolar e a partir da pesquisa, como instrumento de formação profissional. A segunda abordagem pauta-se na construção da narrativa de uma professora-pesquisadora e sua análise. Após o diálogo com autores que focalizam a temática da constituição da identidade de professora-pesquisadora e analisar a narrativa docente, entende-se que as professoras da Educação Básica que refletem sobre sua prática e a problematizam, são pesquisadoras, ainda que não estejam vinculadas a cursos de pós-graduação e que não socializem os achados de seu trabalho na escola.
POLÍTICAS DE COTAS NAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS: REALIDADE OU UTOPIA?
Authors: Barros Rosa Maria rodrigues , Cortezia Mara Cristina Piovesan , Shimura Joyce Mayumi , Pires Marta Maria Gonçalves Balbé
Published: August 2022

A educação superior proporcionada pelo Estado se constitui em um sistema estrutural complexo e organizado, materializado nas diversas instituições de ensino. Tal sistema representa um conjunto intrincado de operações e interdependência entre os setores que o compõem e estão em constante movimento, sendo regulados pelo Estado. Este artigo se propôs a analisar se as ações afirmativas estão em utilização nas universidades públicas e são cumpridas de maneira satisfatória. Por este motivo, o estudo apresenta aspectos teóricos sobre as desigualdades (raciais e sociais) em que, as ações afirmativas, expressa no sistema de cotas, destacam-se como políticas públicas para população negra e/ou de baixa renda e/ou advindo da escola pública nas universidades públicas. Sendo discutidos três aspectos: economia e educação; as declarações internacionais e as políticas públicas; o conceito de ações afirmativas e a análise de dados do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira sobre o senso universitário de 2020. Para esta finalidade foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e análise de documentos. Os resultados mostraram que mesmo existindo um sistema de cotas sociais e étnico-raciais como forma de democratizar e universalizar o acesso ao ensino superior público, na prática a realidade demonstra que existe um longo caminho a ser percorrido, sendo uma utopia realizável.
A EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: UMA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO OU UMA ESTRATÉGIA PARA A POLÍTICA PARTIDÁRIA?
Authors: ARAUJO ELIANE , GIUVANNUCCI GLEIVA
Published: August 2022

Este artigo propõe a reflexão sobre a indagação se Educação de Jovens e Adultos constitui-se em uma política pública para a educação ou uma estratégia para a política partidária. Na primeira parte, fazemos uma breve apresentação da etimologia das palavras chaves do tema a ser explorado com o objetivo de melhor situar o leitor em relação aos possíveis equívocos de compreensão da abordagem a ser desenvolvida. Na segunda parte retomamos os conceitos de política pública e suas tipologias e uma breve explanação do conceito de política educacional. Na terceira parte apresentamos o percurso histórico da educação de jovens e adultos desenvolvido no Brasil como política pública de educação popular sob os vieses da história da educação desde seus primórdios aos dias atuais. Na quarta e última parte apresentamos nossas considerações finais sobre o tema e as constatações que a pesquisa nos oportunizou de forma a responder o questionamento inicial e motivador do desenvolvimento da pesquisa bibliográfica realizada para conhecermos as demandas contemporâneas da educação de jovens e adultos no Brasil e sua configuração enquanto política pública educacional.
AVALIAÇÃO COMO INSTRUMENTO PROPULSOR DO ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Ribeiro Williames Faro , Nascimento Sarah Lopes , Silva Maria Elizabete , Corrêa Jéssica do Socorro Leite , Santos Raul da Silveira
Published: August 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: O artigo discute a Avaliação Educacional na perspectiva de uma professora do 1° ciclo (3° ano) do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola do município de Capanema-Pará, com o objetivo de investigar como se dá o processo de avaliação da aprendizagem na prática educativa no 1° ciclo (3° ano) do Ensino Fundamental. Métodos: A abordagem é de cunho qualitativo, sendo efetivado no processo método lógico a pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, utilizando a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento para a coleta de dados, que serão analisados dialogando como autores que discutem o tema. Resultados: Na visão da docente, deve ser diagnóstica processual e contínua, pois possibilita acompanhar o aluno, perceber suas eventuais dificuldades e intervir, de forma que este aluno possa superar essas dificuldades e evoluir na aprendizagem. Conclusão: A avaliação como propulsora da aprendizagem, assume um caráter fundamental no processo educativo.
EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: O CENÁRIO DO SURGIMENTO DAS CRECHES
Authors: Jesus Aline Serra de , Batalha Tyciana Vasconcelos , Assis Waleria Lindoso Dantas
Published: August 2022

Este artigo apresenta um estudo bibliográfico do processo de consolidação das creches. Teve como base teórica Kishimoto (1988), Oliveira (2002, 2013), Kuhlmann Jr (2011), dentre outros. Nos séculos XV e XVI, começaram a surgir os novos formatos de educação. No Brasil, as primeiras iniciativas de cuidados com as crianças de maneira geral começaram a surgir no século XIX. Desta forma, no final do século XIX, e ao longo de todo o século XX, o surgimento das creches e jardins de infância esteve fortemente atrelado à inserção da mulher no mercado de trabalho. No decorrer dos tempos, até chegarmos à atualidade, podemos observar políticas públicas voltadas para a garantia da permanência e acesso das crianças de 0 a 5 anos de idade nas instituições de creches e pré-escolas, visando a educação e o cuidado das crianças pequenas e bem pequenas do país. Diante deste panorama, é possível perceber que os avanços no que diz respeito à criança, a infância e a educação infantil, foram bastante significativas.
Nódulo sacro en paciente joven: ¿y si no es un sinus pilonidal? Un caso al respecto
Authors: Reoyo Pascual José Felipe , Polanco Álvarez Lucia
Published: August 2022

El cordoma es un tumor óseo muy poco frecuente de origen notocordal. El comportamiento biológico variable y el sitio anatómico donde aparece hacen que tenga un tratamiento complejo que exige un abordaje multidisciplinar. Por ello un diagnóstico precoz formando parte del diagnóstico diferencial de un nódulo sacro hacen que mejore considerablemente el pronóstico del paciente. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 46 años, intervenido por sinus pilonidal paucisintomático, siendo la anatomía patológica de la pieza quirúrgica informada como cordoma sacro. Este hallazgo pone en marcha un comité multidisciplinar que acaba indicando intervención por parte de Neurocirugía.
A la luz del caso presentado, consideramos que el cordoma debe formar parte del abanico de diagnósticos diferenciales del médico y cirujano general, lo cual repercutirá favorablemente en el diagnóstico del paciente.
The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. IX. Discovery of Two New z ∼ 6 Quasars and Space Density Down to M
1450 ∼ −23.5 mag
Authors: Kim Yongjung , Im Myungshin , Jeon Yiseul , Kim Minjin , Jiang Linhua , Shin Suhyun , Choi Changsu , Hyun Minhee , Jun Hyunsung D. , Kim Dohyeong , Kim Duho , Kim Jae-Woo , Kim Ji Hoon , Lee Bumhyun , Lee Seong-Kook , Molina Juan , Pak Soojong , Park Won-Kee , Taak Yoon Chan , Yoon Yongmin
Published: August 2022

We present the result of the Infrared Medium-deep Survey (IMS) z ∼ 6 quasar survey, using the combination of the IMS near-infrared images and the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey optical images. The traditional color selection method results in 25 quasar candidates over 86 deg2. We introduce the corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) with the high-redshift quasar and late-type star models to prioritize the candidates efficiently. Among the color-selected candidates, seven plausible candidates finally passed the AICc selection, of which three are known quasars at z ∼ 6. The follow-up spectroscopic observations for the remaining four candidates were carried out, and we confirmed that two out of four are z ∼ 6 quasars. With this complete sample, we revisited the quasar space density at z ∼ 6 down to M
1450 ∼ −23.5 mag. Our result supports the low quasar space density at the luminosity where the quasar’s ultraviolet ionizing emissivity peaks, favoring a minor contribution of quasars to the cosmic reionization.
A Taxonomy for the Configurations of Quadruply Lensed Quasars
Authors: Schechter Paul L.
Published: August 2022

A simple, novice-friendly scheme for classifying the image configurations of quadruply lensed quasars is proposed. With only six classes, it is intentionally coarse grained. It focuses on the kitelikeness and circularity of these configurations, or the absence thereof. Other features are deliberately ignored, their importance to professional astronomers notwithstanding. Readers are invited to test drive the scheme on a sample of 12 quadruply lensed quasar systems. The theoretical underpinnings of the scheme are described in a technical appendix.
Pseudosperma arenarium (Inocybaceae), a new poisonous species from Eurasia, based on morphological, ecological, molecular and biochemical evidence
Authors: Yan Ya-Ya , Zhang Yi-Zhe , Vauras Jukka , Zhao Li-Na , Fan Yu-Guang , Li Hai-Jiao , Xu Fei
Published: August 2022

In this study, Pseudosperma arenarium is proposed as a new species, based on morphological, ecological, molecular and biochemical evidence. The new species grows on sandy ground under Populus and Pinus sylvestris in north-western China and northern Europe, respectively. It is characterised by the combination of the robust habit, nearly glabrous pileus, large cylindrical basidiospores, thin-walled cheilocystidia and ecological associations with Populus alba × P. berolinensis and Pinus sylvestris and unique phylogenetic placement. Additionally, a comprehensive toxin determination of the new species using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was conducted. Results showed that it was a muscarine-positive species. The content were approximately five times higher in the pilei [4012.2 ± 803.1–4302.3 ± 863.2 mg/kg (k = 2, p = 95%)] than in the stipes [850.4 ± 171.1–929.1 ± 184.2 mg/kg (k = 2, p = 95%)], demonstrating the severity of mushroom poisoning when patients consumed different parts of the poisonous mushroom. Amatoxins, phallotoxins, ibotenic acid, muscimol, psilocybin and psilocin were not detected.
Presenting Stories
Authors: Kowalski Karren
Published: August 2022

A periodic Gallup poll that asks Americans what they fear the most reveals that their greatest fear is public speaking. Death hovers around number 6. Courage, passion, and commitment are required to stand up before a large group of people and deliver a message. This column examines three aspects of telling stories: presentation style, personal presence, and the required skill set.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(9):395–396.]
Learner Response to an Activity Introducing Adverse Childhood Experiences as a Social Determinant of Health
Authors: Scott Jewel , McMillian-Bohler Jacquelyn , Felsman Irene , Koch Amie
Published: August 2022

Background:

Threading content on the social determinants of health into the nursing curricula is a best practice recommended by certifying bodies; however, introducing content on social determinants of health can overwhelm learners, who may have difficulty relating the information to their nursing practice.

Method:

A learning strategy was developed that used film and an experiential activity to introduce content on adverse childhood experiences, a social determinant of health, and resilience into nursing course-work. A total of 130 first-semester nursing students viewed a film in class and participated in a focused debriefing and subsequent clinical exercise.

Results:

The majority of participants (97%) believed the film appropriately introduced the content. Learners reported the debriefing was helpful in relieving distress, and 95% found the content relevant to their future nursing practice.

Conclusion:

Early introduction of key concepts related to adverse childhood experiences may assist prelicensure nursing students in developing a trauma-informed professional practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(11):650–653.]
Has enterprise digital transformation improved the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation? A case study on Chinese listed companies
Authors: Li Tinghui , Wen Jieying , Zeng Danwei , Liu Ke
Published: August 2022

Digital transformation is a new driving force of enterprise efficiency reform. Enterprises' digital transformation can effectively improve their technological innovation efficiency, thereby promoting their high-quality development. Using the panel data of 930 Chinese A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020, we have studied the impact and heterogeneity of digital transformation on enterprise technological innovation efficiency with a panel data model. Further, a mediating effect model and a moderating effect model were constructed to study the mechanism of digital transformation affecting the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation. The conclusions are as follows. First, enterprise digital transformation significantly improves the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation. Second, the impact of digital transformation on the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation is heterogeneous, which is reflected in two aspects: the factor intensity and the nature of ownership. Third, financing constraints and equity concentration play a mediating and a moderating role, respectively, in the impact of digital transformation on the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation.
Sternstunden eines Lebenskünstlers: Goethes Porträt im Werk von Stefan Zweig
Authors: Paumgardhen Paola
Published: August 2022

Ausgehend von der Leitfrage, wie man „ein wahrhaftes Genieleben“ porträtiert, verfasst Stefan Zweig Goethes Biographie zwischen Historie und Psychologie in der meisterhaft kondensierten Künstlergeschichte Die Marienbader Elegie (1923), die zu den „schlagkräftigsten“ Sternstunden der Menschheit (1927) zählt. Im Mittelpunkt der Erzählung steht die späte, unglückliche Liebe des alten Dichters zur jungen Ulrike von Levetzow, oder, genauer gesagt, die Entstehung der schönen Elegie seiner Altersjahre (1823), die Goethe in einem neuen „Werthersturm“ rettet. Zweig konzentriert die ganze Existenz des Olympiers in einer erlösenden Schreibszene, als der alte Meister der Faustischen Verjüngung entsagt und sein Lebenswerk vollendet. Der Beitrag fokussiert sich auf Zweigs Darstellung des „Mysteriums der Schöpfung“, das der Autor in der modernen Welt in Gefahr sieht, und das für den Künstler ein vernichtendes, dämonisches Element enthält.
Aussereuropäische Künstler im Werk Stefan Zweigs
Authors: Spangenberg Bastian
Published: August 2022

Um fremde Kulturen darzustellen, hat sich Stefan Zweig gerne auf die größten Künstlerinnen und Künstler einer Nation bezogen. In seinen Reiseberichten, seinen Feuilletons oder auch seinen Tagebucheinträgen finden wir häufig Querverweise auf Schriftsteller, Maler oder Bildhauer eines jeweiligen Landes. Obwohl Zweig viele Jahre seines Lebens außerhalb Europas verbrachte, finden sich in seinem Werk jedoch nur wenige Darstellungen nicht-europäischer Künstler oder Kunstformen. Jene etwas längeren Auseinandersetzungen, die auffindbar sind, sind in der Regel von eurozentristischen Passagen durchzogen. Diese Erkenntnisse scheinen auf verschiedene Lebensphasen des Autors zuzutreffen; von seinen früheren Arbeiten als Reisender aus dem Habsburger Reich hin zu seinen späten Schriften als Flüchtiger in Brasilien. Diese Ergebnisse folgen einer neuen und modernen Zweig-Forschung, die sich zum Ziel setzt, Werk und Autor von neuen Warten aus zu analysieren, in diesem Fall von der postkolonialen.
The Effect of Cement Mortar Recipe on Early Age Strength Development
Authors: Kasal Pavel , Vitek Jan L.
Published: August 2022

The paper summarises the results of experimental analysis focused on the maturity method. The method is used to determine the early-age compressive strength of concrete on a construction site to optimise the construction process. All presented calibration curves of different recipes were determined experimentally. Comparison of calibration curves shows effects of specific changes in the recipe on early-age compressive strength development of cement mortar. Investigated changes in the recipe are the following: use of different cement types from different sources, amount of cement, water-cement ratio, used fine aggregates, admixtures and additions. Besides mentioned comparison, the topic of accuracy and deviations is included. Deviations were investigated by repeated determination of calibration curves at a specific time after the creation of the first batch of the calibration curves. The experience acquired during cement mortar experimental analysis will be later used in upcoming experiments at a concrete supplier with different concrete recipes.
Analysis of Retaining Walls Subjected to Concentrated Loads
Authors: Horská Alena , Kohoutkova Alena
Published: August 2022

Structural analysis of reinforced concrete retaining walls is commonly performed on a two-dimensional model. This approach is suitable only when the applied loads are evenly distributed over the wall length. In cases of concentrated loads (e.g. vehicle impact), two-dimensional modelling brings highly distorted results in comparison to the more realistic three-dimensional modelling. This article presents a study on how wall height and load position affect the result distortion, comparing the outcomes of two-and three-dimensional modelling. The peak value of bending moment was chosen to be the parameter used for the comparison. The error due to the use of two-dimensional model for concentrated loads was quantified. The conclusion of the study is a proposal of correction coefficients that can be applied to the results of two-dimensional analysis, in order to acquire results of equal precision as these from three-dimensional analysis.
Effect of Nb on Oxide Formation by Isothermal Oxidation of Solution Treated Fe-40Ni-24Cr Ni-Based Alloy
Authors: Parimin Noraziana , Hamzah Esah
Published: August 2022

The study on solution treated Fe-40Ni-24Cr Ni-based alloy on the isothermal oxidation has been investigated. The solution treatment process has been done at two temperatures, which are 1100°C and 1200°C. The alloys were soaking for 3 hours, followed by rapid cooling using water cooled. The solution treated Fe-40Ni-24Cr Ni-based alloy were experienced an isothermal oxidation test at 700°C for 500 hours exposure time. The effect of Nb alloying element on the oxide growth behavior has been characterized in termed of plan and cross sectional view using scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. As a results, good protective oxide scale has formed on the fine grain solution treated sample with homogeneous and dense oxide structure. On the other hand, coarse grain solution treated sample demonstrated an oxide exfoliation after 500 hours exposure around the overgrown Nb-rich oxide precipitate area, hence indicating poor oxidation protection.
Use of Bended for Reinforcement in the Design of the Slab-Column Connection of a Flat Slab Structure
Authors: Kostiha Vojtěch , Girgle Frantisek , Januš Ondřej , Vasatko David , Stepanek Petr
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the results of an experiment to determine the behaviour of slab-column connection of a flat slab (a column). The main objective is to compare the response of the reinforced specimens with conventional and composite reinforcement and to verify the effectiveness of the stirrups from FRP bars (FRP reinforcement used as shear reinforcement). The test specimen was a square shaped concrete slab in four different designs. The results obtained were compared with the theoretical prediction, quantifying the effect of the FRP reinforcement used on the bearing capacity. Finally, the variations in the prediction according to the different approaches are also highlighted. Comparison of the load capacities of the specimen without and with FRP shear reinforcement led to an increase in the case of stirrups with inclination of 90° by 12 %, reps. stirrups with inclination of 45° by 26 %. The results are influenced by the design of the shear reinforcement.
Role of Mn Alloying Element on the Oxide Growth Behavior of 800H Nickel-Based Alloy at 900°C
Authors: Parimin Noraziana , Hamzah Esah
Published: August 2022

The addition effect of Mn alloying element on the oxide growth behavior of 800H nickel-based alloy has been study in this paper. The alloy was experienced a cyclic oxidation at 900 °C. The cyclic oxidation test was carried out at oxidizing temperature for one hour followed by cooling at about 200 °C for 20 minutes for each cycle. The test samples were exposed to the cyclic condition up to 150 cycles. The oxidized samples of selected cycles were characterized in term of oxidation kinetic, phase analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometer and oxide scale morphology in plan and cross-sectional view by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. As a results, the oxidation kinetic exhibited a weight gain pattern as the exposure cycle increase. Several protective oxide phases which are Cr2O3 and MnCr2O4 oxides were formed. In addition, continuous oxides scale was formed on the sample surface with evidence of Cr-Mn and Cr-rich oxide as detected by EDX analysis.
Optimization of a Numerical Wave Tank and Its Application to a Wave Energy Converter Platform Response Test
Authors: Pei Fei , Lin Yan , Wang Yunlong
Published: August 2022

AbstractA full-featured wave tank was set up to evaluate a wave energy converter-bearing platform. A two-layer overset mesh was implemented to solve the complex two-body floating structure hydrodynamic problem. One validation case was conducted to verify the reliability of the wave tank and the box-shape structure excited by regular waves, which showed good consistency through experimental results. A wavelength-based parameterized mesh size and time-step setting method and a computing cost indicator were presented. A set of parameters generating regular waves with less than 1% errors was found. A complex-shaped, novel concept, wave energy converter was assessed in the wave tank. A series of regular wave tests was conducted to observe the frequency domain response of the wave energy converter platform and to reproduce the vortex shedding at the edges of the plate. The mooring cases were compared with the width experiment results, and the response amplitude operators of heave and pitch of the platform were obtained.
Anal cytological abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men and prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus co-infection
Authors: Kakar Atul , Bakshi Pooja , Tripathi Shikhar , Gogia Atul
Published: August 2022

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells of the immune system, leading to a compromised and depleted immune system. Progressive failure of the immune system predisposes an individual to many life-threatening opportunistic infections and malignancies. As compared to the general population, the incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is substantially higher in HIV-infected individuals. Majority of ASCC are related to infections caused by high-risk strains of human papillomavirus (HPV).

Aims:

We conducted an observational study on HIV-positive men who had a history of homosexual contact. The aim of this study was to assess the spectrum of cytological abnormalities on anal smear cytology in individuals with HIV infection, and also estimate the prevalence of anal infection with high-risk HPV strains.

Materials and Methods:

We enrolled 56 individuals for this pilot study. This study involved the collection of specimens from the anal canal of the patients by using cytobrush in liquid-based cytology (LBC) vial. The sample was simultaneously tested for cytological abnormalities by LBC (Sure Path, BD) and for 13 high-risk strains by Hybrid Capture II technique (Qiagen) based on antibody capture and chemiluminescent signal detection. Anal smear cytology was reported as per guidelines of The Bethesda System of reporting anal cytology, 2014.

Results:

The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection was seen in 41.07% of individuals and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were seen in 12.5% and 16.07% individuals, respectively. Cytology was useful in 7% of cases to diagnose opportunistic infections. The latter is a field yet to be tapped.

Conclusion:

We would recommend LBC in HIV-positive patients, for screening of cytological abnormalities and HPV status. This would also give an opportunity to screen for opportunistic infections, which have otherwise not been diagnosed.
Isfahan COVID cohort study
Authors: Sarrafzadegan Nizal , Mohammadifard Noushin , Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy , Haghighatdoost Fahimeh , Nouri Fatemeh , Ahmadian Mahshid , Nasirian Maryam , Sayyah Maedeh , Najafian Jamshid , Shafiei Mohammadreza , Alikhasi Hassan , Javanbakht Sahel , Nilforoushzadeh Farzaneh , Bagheri Fahimeh , Shahidi Shahla , Rezaei Mostafa , Heidari Kamal , Keleidari Behrouz , Changiz Tahereh
Published: August 2022

Background:

The Isfahan COVID Cohort (ICC) study was designed to investigate the short- and long-term consequences of patients with COVID-19 in Iran. This report presents the rationale, methodology, and initial results of ICC.

Materials and Methods:

ICC is a 5-year multicentric prospective cohort study that is ongoing on two groups including 5000 patients hospitalized with moderate or severe and 800 nonhospitalized patients with mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 in Isfahan. The ICC endpoints are morbidity, mortality, incident cases, or worsening of underlying noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors. In the current analysis, we examined the persistent symptoms and incident NCDs or risk factors in 819 previously hospitalized patients who completed 1-year follow-up.

Results:

The two most common symptoms were joint pain/myalgia (19.7%) and dry cough/dyspnea (18.7%). Around 60% of patients had at least one symptom which was more common among women than men and in middle aged than younger or older patients. Female (odds ratio [OR] =1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39–2.55) and highly-educated patients (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.56–3.04) had higher risk of having any symptom in 1-year follow-up. New cases of hypertension followed by diabetes then coronary heart disease (CHD) were the most common incident NCDs.

Conclusion:

During 1-year follow-up after hospital discharge, about 60% of patients experienced persistent symptoms. Incident hypertension, diabetes, and CHD were the most common events seen. Close monitoring and extensive health services with integrative approaches are needed to improve the health status of these patients.
Serotonin Toxicity as a Source of Iatrogenic Harm
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: August 2022

In this edition of the journal, we see discussion of serotonin toxicity, an important but under-recognized problem that many pharmacists will encounter from time to time in caring for older people. In fact, the issue is not new. What has changed is that unlike the situation previously, where the problem was defined syndromally, with specific diagnostic threshold criteria, we now speak in terms of toxicity defined on a continuum. Though this has helpfully broadened consideration of the issue, ironically it has rendered even less specificity in diagnosis.
Part Five: The Role of Deprescribing and Adjusting Glycemic Targets in Older People With Diabetes
Authors: Isaacs Diana , Mobley-Bukstein Wendy
Published: August 2022

The prevalence of diabetes continues to increase across the general population, including older people. Because of the changing needs of older people, glycemic targets are often relaxed. Deintensification of therapy or deprescribing becomes important to reduce risk of adverse effects
and ensure optimal quality of life. The use of continuous glucose monitoring can be highly effective in determining areas for concern and potential opportunities for deprescribing.
Racial Differences in Antidepressant Use in Nursing Facility Residents With Moderate to Severe Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Nalls Victoria , Galik Elizabeth , Klinedinst Nicole J. , Barr Erik , Brandt Nicole , Lerner Nancy , Resnick Barbara
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo describe and compare the use of antidepressants between Black or African descent and White nursing facility residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment.DesignThis was a secondary data analysis using baseline data from the Function and Behavior Focused Care for Nursing Facility Residents with Dementia randomized control trial.SettingParticipants were recruited from 10 urban and two rural nursing facilities from Maryland.MethodsParticipants had to be 55 years of age or older, English-speaking, reside in long-term care at time of recruitment, and score a 15 or less on the Mini Mental-State Examination. A total of 336 residents participated at baseline. Data were collected by a research evaluator through observation, proxy report from staff caring for the resident the day of testing, and patient charts.Main OutcomesA significant difference of antidepressant use between Black or African descent and White nursing facility residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment would be noted when controlling for depression, age, gender, functional status, agitation, and number of co-morbidities.ResultsIn adjusted models, Black or African descent residents were less likely to be prescribed antidepressants compared with White residents.ConclusionRacial differences were noted regarding antidepressant use among nursing facility residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment, but it is unknown if race could impact prescribing practices when indications for use are known. Further research is needed to ascertain if knowing the specific indications for use might contribute to racial disparities with antidepressant prescribing in nursing facility residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment.
Future HD Diesel and Hydrogen-Fueled Concepts: Emissions Challenges and System Solutions
Authors: Kovacs David , Rezaei Reza , Mennig Marian , Hayduk Christopher , Delebinski Thaddaeus
Published: August 2022

Future heavy-duty (HD) concepts should fulfill very tight tail-pipe NOx emissions and simultaneously fulfill the fuel efficiency targets. In current HD Euro VII discussions, real working cycles become key to ensure emission conformity. For instance, cold start and cold ambient conditions during testing with low load profiles starting from 0% payload, require external heating measures. Knowing the trade-off between fuel consumption and tail-pipe NOx emissions a holistic engine and EAT system optimization with innovative thermal management is required.

Towards a carbon neutral mobility, Hydrogen combustion engines are one of the key solutions. Advanced combustion system development enables maximal usage of lean burning as the major advantage of the Hydrogen fuel for efficiency improvement and NOx reduction. Considering future NOx regulations in real-world working cycles, an efficient exhaust after-treatment (EAT) system which is well optimized to the air-path and the Hydrogen combustion characteristics is required.

In this paper, a systematic investigation is carried out by means of the model-based holistic approach. The target is an optimization of both engine and EAT layout, including advanced thermal management for future HD concepts. Both Diesel and Hydrogen HD concepts are investigated.

The model-based emission conception is based on both the conventional WHTC cycle as well as on selected real field cycles. Close-coupled dual-stage SCR with twin dosing is considered with multiple system layouts in order to minimize the Diesel engine fuel penalty during the heat up phases. A comparison between the emission behavior and after-treatment systems of Diesel and Hydrogen engines is performed.

In addition, external EAT heating such as electric heated catalyst is investigated for Diesel applications and the potentials regarding CO2 emissions compared to conventional engine-based thermal management measures are shown.

The optimized system layout for both Diesel and Hydrogen HD concepts are compared, especially for the EAT technology and layout. As outlook, future potentials and optimization possibilities for combustion systems and future emission reduction technologies are described.
Advanced Emission Controls and E-fuels on a Gasoline Car for Zero-Impact Emissions
Authors: Demuynck Joachim , Mendoza Villafuerte Pablo , Bosteels Dirk , Kuhrt Andreas , Brauer Maximilian , Sens Marc , Williams John , Chaillou Christophe , Gordillo Victor
Published: August 2022

The electrified internal combustion engine can contribute to further improving air quality and reducing impact on climate change. A previous publication looked into ultra-low initial cold-start emissions with the implementation of a state-of-the-art emission control system on a gasoline vehicle with market E10 gasoline. This paper reports additional investigations on different drop-in sustainable renewable fuels, including e-fuels. The gasoline demonstrator vehicle is equipped with a 48V mild-hybrid powertrain with a 1.5 L direct injection engine. The innovative emission control system consists of an electrically pre-heated catalyst (EHC) and first three-way catalyst (TWC) in close-coupled position, in combination with an underfloor catalysed gasoline particulate filter (cGPF), second TWC and ammonia slip catalyst (ASC). Pollutant emission tests are conducted on a challenging chassis dyno test for cold-start emissions at 23 °C and -10 °C. Tests that were done before on reference E10 fuel are repeated on Blue Gasoline and two e-gasoline fuels. Similar ultra-low pollutant emissions are measured on the sustainable renewable fuels compared to the reference E10. A Well-to-Wheel analysis is conducted to investigate the potential to reduce CO2 emissions. The analysis follows the methodology of the JEC report v5 (JRC-EUCAR-Concawe). The results show that already significant reduction is possible today with Blue Gasoline. The e-gasoline shows potential for near-zero CO2 emissions. With the combination, of advanced emission control technologies and sustainable renewable fuels, research is evolving towards reaching zero-impact emissions for both air quality and climate change.
Smart OTA Scheduling for Connected Vehicles using Prescriptive Analytics and Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mohd Azmin Farraen , Mustafa Kenan
Published: August 2022

OTA (over the air) updates help automotive manufacturers to reduce vehicle warranty and recall costs. Vehicle recall is expensive, and many automotive manufacturers have implemented OTA updates. Updating parameters for connected vehicles can be challenging when dealing with thousands of vehicles across different regions. For example, how does the manufacturer prioritise which vehicles need updating? Environmental and geographical factors affect degradation rates and vehicles in hotter regions or congested cities may degrade faster.

For EVs, updating the BMS (battery management system) parameters requires careful analysis prior to the update being deployed, to maximise impact and reduce the likelihood of adverse behaviour being introduced. The analysis overhead increases with the number of vehicles. This is because it requires simulation and optimisation of the fleet BMS calibration in a digital twin environment. A targeted approach is the best option to prioritise vehicles for software updates.

Smart OTA scheduling makes use of predictive analytics for battery health prediction together with prescriptive analytics in a smart decision engine. The smart scheduling system uses a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agent in a digital twin environment. The DRL agent can learn and simulate different scenarios and identify the best update sequence depending on monthly temperature profile, traffic congestion, and many other factors to slow down the degradation of fleet health. Whenever there is an update, the DRL agent assesses the situation and recommends the appropriate action to minimise vehicle failures and maintain fleet health. In a large-scale simulation, this approach improved average fleet battery life by 8 to 13% and increased average vehicle range by 2%.
Investigation of the Cryogenic Nitrogen and Non-Cryogenic N-Dodecane and Ammonia Injections using a Real-Fluid Modelling Approach
Authors: Liu Xinlei , Zaihi Abdullah , Allehaibi Moaz , Mohan Balaji , AlRamadan Abdullah , Cenker Emre , Im Hong
Published: August 2022

In modern compression ignition engines, the dense liquid fuel is directly injected into high pressure and temperature atmosphere, so the spray transitions from subcritical to supercritical conditions. To gain better control of the spray-combustion heat release process, it is important to have a physically accurate description of the spray development process. This work explored the effect of real-fluid thermodynamics in the computational prediction of multiphase flow for two non-ideal situations: the cryogenic nitrogen and non-cryogenic n-dodecane and ammonia sprays. Three real-fluid equations of state (EoS) such as the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK), Peng-Robinson (PR), and Redlich-Kwong-Peng-Robinson (RKPR) coupled with the real-fluid Chung transport model were implemented in OpenFoam to predict the real-fluid thermodynamic properties. Validations against the CoolProp database were conducted. The RKPR EoS demonstrated an overall better predictive performance compared to the SRK and PR EoS. Due to miscalculations of the thermodynamic properties under supercritical conditions, the cases using the ideal-gas EoS predicted the significantly distinct spray features from the cases using real-fluid EoS. For the cryogenic nitrogen spray simulations, cases using various real-fluid EoS yielded similar spray features because of the low injection rate and thus the weak ambient entrainment process. The reduction of ambient pressure promoted the turbulent mixing process for the n-dodecane spray due to the smaller ambient density and resistance. Compared to ammonia, n-dodecane had higher density and viscosity under supercritical conditions, which led to its higher jet velocity and more concentrated spray feature.
Analysis of Energy Flow in the Hybrid Power-Split (PS) System of SUV Vehicle in Real Driving Conditions (RDC)
Authors: Pielecha Ireneusz , Szalek Andrzej
Published: August 2022

Hybrid powertrains are replacing conventional combustion drives at an accelerating rate, while offering a reduction in fuel consumption and toxic exhaust emissions. The large share of hybrid solutions in engine vehicles has been observed for the compact class and in SUVs. The Authors of this study proposed an energy flow assessment in the hybrid powertrain system of an SUV in various driving conditions: urban, extra-urban and motorway. The tests were performed in accordance with the stipulations of the RDC test conditions and its requirements. The tests were carried out on a Toyota RAV4 HEV equipped with a 2.5 dm3 engine in a hybrid drive system along with Li-Ion batteries, which had an energy capacity of 1.11 kWh (4.3 Ah). The research was carried out on an urban route in Poznan as well as in its vicinity using three drive modes of the drive system: Eco, Normal and Sport. Based on the results of energy flow tests, it was found that, regardless of the initial state of charge (SOC) of battery, the vehicle would reach constant SOC values in the second phase of the test - in the extra-urban driving phase. Such conditions stabilize after about 30 km of urban driving. The differences in the range of these SOC values were around 10%. Due to the conditions of motorway driving, the SOC changes were very small and amounted to about 3-5% while covering about 20 km (in this driving mode). The tests confirmed the slight influence that the driving mode (eco, normal, sport) had on the final measured charge values: for discharge, charging or regeneration. The share of time operating in electric mode for individual test phases was also determined, and it was approximately 65-68%, 25-30% and 5-8% in the urban, extra-urban and motorway phases, respectively.
Inactivation of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in Surface Agricultural Water Using a Commercial UV Processing Unit
Authors:   Dept. of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA, Usaga Jessie
Published: August 2022

Treatment of agricultural water aids in the prevention of foodborne disease outbreaks linked to contaminated fresh produce. UV light is a suitable alternative for treating drinking water but is not always effective for surface irrigation water due to interference caused by turbidity and high microbial loads. The effectiveness of UV treatment for reducing Escherichia coli and Salmonella in surface water used in agriculture was evaluated. Six pond water samples were collected on each of 16 sampling dates over a 3-year period. On each corresponding testing date, three samples were inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovars Hartford, Montevideo, and Gaminara and the other three samples were inoculated with E. coli ATCC 25922, targeting a concentration of 7 log CFU/mL. Inoculated water was UV treated with a commercially available juice processing UV device at a constant UV dose of 14.2 mJ/cm2 and a turbulent flow regime. The effects of date, initial bacterial counts, and water pH and turbidity on log reductions of both microorganisms were determined. Initial bacterial counts and test date significantly predicted microbial reduction (multivariate P < 0.001), but neither pH nor turbidity influenced microbial reductions (P > 0.05). UV treatment reduced both Salmonella and E. coli by a mean of >6 log CFU/mL.