bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of the possibility of conducting selective laser processing of thin composite electrochromic Ni(OH)2-PVA films
Authors: Kotok Valerii , Kovalenko Vadym
Published: March 2021

The surfaces of thin composite electrochromic Ni(OH)2-polyvinyl alcohol films, deposited by the cathodic template method on FTO glass substrates, were proposed to be processed using laser radiation. The processing of these films was carried out in a colored state with a laser beam of a semiconductor emitter with a wavelength of 650 nm (red) with a pulse duration of 3,000 μs, the beam diameter was about 40 μm. The energy at a single point was 37.5 J/cm2.
The result was a film with microholes of about 80 μm. The transparent areas of the surface did not exhibit electrochromic properties, which indicated the absence of the original electrochromic coating.
The study of the properties of the laser-processed film following a certain pattern showed that the characteristics of composite Ni(OH)2-polyvinyl alcohol coatings had changed significantly. On the one hand, the coloration depth of the films decreased by several percent, on the other hand, the specific electrochemical characteristics increased significantly.
The study also showed that laser processing did not lead to significant changes in the main properties of the transparent electrically conductive layer – color and resistance. Before and after laser processing, the surface resistance of FTO glasses was 12.1±0.9 and 14.4±1.2 Ohm/sq., respectively.
 In addition, it was found that the processing of Ni(OH)2-polyvinyl alcohol films improved the adhesion of the latter to the surface of FTO glass. Based on the data obtained, a selective method was proposed for modifying thin colored films deposited on transparent conductive oxides (FTO, ITO, AZO) by visible laser radiation. This approach to changing the properties of films can be useful for areas related to the development of sensors, microelectronics, solar cells, small-sized current sources, electrodes with high efficiency, etc.
Establishing patterns of the structural-phase transformations during the reduction of tungsten-containing ore concentrate with carbon
Authors: Ryndiaiev Viktor , Kholodiuk Oleksandr , Khmelovskyi Vasyl , Petryshchev Artem , Yushchenko Alyona , Fesenko Hryhorii , Chaplyhin Yevhen , Strelnikov Vladimir , Andreev Andrey , Matukhno Vasyl
Published: March 2021

This paper reports a study into the phase composition and microstructure of tungsten ore concentrate after carbon-thermal reduction at different O:C ratios in the charge. This is required for determining those indicators that reduce tungsten loss through the sublimation of oxide compounds when processing ore concentrates, as well as when using reduced tungsten-containing doping additives. The study results have established that the reduced tungsten concentrate at the O:C ratio in the charge within the interval of 1.33‒2.30 contained the phases of W, W2C C, C, WO2. The microstructure demonstrated a spongy and disordered character. Together with W, the Mo, Si, Ca, Al impurities were present in the reduced products. The main elements identified at the sites studied had the following limiting content, % by weight: O – 5.01–17.32; C – 0.84–4.23; W – 61.21–86.78; Mo – 1.57–7.51; Si – 2.07–9.06; Ca – 1.34–11.30; Al – 0.27–0.40. The micro-inclusions at the examined surface areas acquired different complex shapes. There were traces of the process of caking between the particles. The analysis of the resulting data has shown that the most preferred ratio of O:C in the charge was 1.65. In this case, there is no lack of carbon and there is a predominance of W in the phase composition with a relatively little manifestation of the W2C phases, carbon, as well as the residual part of WO2. The post-reduction of the oxide component would occur during the doping process. The sponge structure contributes to a higher dissolution rate compared to standard tungsten ferroalloys. Lack of compounds with a relatively high propensity for sublimation does not require any special conditions to prevent the loss of tungsten in the gas phase, which increases the degree of assimilation of the target element
Implementation of modified GSO based magic cube keys generation in cryptography
Authors: Mazher Alaa Noori , Waleed Jumana
Published: March 2021

Over the last few decades, tremendous and exponential expansion in digital contents together with their applications has emerged. The Internet represents the essential leading factor for this expansion, which provides low-cost communication tools worldwide. However, the main drawback of the Internet is related to security problems. In order to provide secure communication, enormous efforts have been spent in the cryptographic field. Recently, cryptographic algorithms have become essential for increasing information safety. However, these algorithms require random keys and can be regarded as compromised when the random keys are cracked via the attackers. Therefore, it is substantial that the generation of keys should be random and hard to crack. In this paper, this is guaranteed via one of the most efficient nature-inspired algorithms emerged by inspiring the movements of stars, galaxies, and galaxy superclusters in the cosmos that can be utilized with a mathematical model (magic cube) for generating hardly cracking random number keys. In the proposed cryptographic system, the Modified Galactic Swarm Optimization (GSO) algorithm has been utilized in which every row and column of magic cube faces are randomly rotated until reaching the optimal face, and the optimal random elements are selected as optimal key from the optimal face. The generated optimized magic cube keys are used with several versions of RC6 algorithms to encrypt various secret texts. Furthermore, these generated keys are also used for encrypting images using the logical XOR operation. The obtained results of NIST tests proved that the generated keys are random and uncorrelated. Moreover, the security of the proposed cryptographic system was proved
Defining the socio-demographic predictors of priority investment in the context of tasks for the financial subsystem of startup-management
Authors: Ligonenko Larisa , Borysov Yevhen , Hromozdova Larysa , Deineha Iryna , Leontovych Serhii , Kosiak Inna , Volotivskyi Pavlo , Marсo Yevhen
Published: March 2021

This research has investigated the retrospective trends in financing startups in Ukraine corresponding to the socio-demographic characteristics of startuppers (founders). Studying the dependences between the amount of funding and the qualitative characteristics of startuppers has made it possible to determine the socio-demographic predictors of making a positive decision regarding the financing of startups.
As the current study has shown, in order to receive an investment, a startupper must meet the investor's expectations regarding reliability, qualifications, experience, and potential prospects. The investor analyzes not only the business idea of the startup but also the potential recipient for compliance with a series of socio-demographic predictors such as gender, age, level, and specialization of education. It has been proven that the largest amount of funding for startups in Ukraine is received by male funders, aged 35 to 45, who have a higher technical education. Startup investors consider such startuppers a priority for their investments since they see the least risks and a high probability of successful deployment of invested funds.
The identified investors' preferences when choosing startup founders can be extrapolated to the startup environment of any country, however, they may change over time, depending on the specificity of the situation in the investment country.
To rationally solve problems in the financial subsystem of startup management, it is necessary to preliminary determine the socio-demographic predictors of priority investment of startups of the respective country and area of activity. The practical tools for determining such predictors have been tested during this study.
The practical significance of the research is due to the growing pace of development of startup technologies, the need to improve the effectiveness of the startup management financial subsystem, and increase the efficiency of the startup support infrastructure
Devising a method of protection against zero-day attacks based on an analytical model of changing the state of the network sandbox
Authors: Buchyk Serhii , Yudin Oleksandr , Ziubina Ruslana , Bondarenko Ivan , Suprun Oleh
Published: March 2021

This paper reports a method of protection against zero-day attacks using SandBox technology based on the developed analytical model with a probabilistic ranking of information system states. The model takes into consideration the conditions of a priori uncertainty regarding the parameters of the destructive flow on the system, accounting for the typical procedures of the network SandBox.
The proposed model of information system states makes it possible to analyze and track all possible states, as well as assess the level of security in these states, and the probability of transitions into them. Thus, it is possible to identify the most dangerous ones and track the activities that caused the corresponding changes. The fundamental difference between this model and standard approaches is the weight coefficients that characterize not the intensity of random events but the intensity of transitions between states.
Direct implementation and application of the proposed analytical model involved the technology of multilevel network "SandBoxes".
The difference from other popular anti-virus tools is the use of a priori mathematical threat assessment, which makes it possible to detect influences that are not considered threats by classical systems until the moment of harm to the system.
The combination with standard security tools makes it possible to separately analyze files that are too large in size, whether they enter the system not through a common gateway controlled by the network "SandBox" but from the external media of end-users.
The implementation of the developed analytical model has made it possible to improve the level of protection of the corporate network by 15 %, based on the number of detected threats. This difference is explained by the inability of classical software to detect new threats if they are not already listed in the database of the program, and their activity is not trivial
Developing a multi-step recurrent algorithm to maximize the criteria of correntropy
Authors: Rudenko Oleg , Bezsonov Oleksandr , Borysenko Victor , Borysenko Tetiana , Lyashenko Sergii
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the task of constructing a linear model of the object studied using a robust criterion. The functionality applied, in this case, is correntropy. That makes it possible to obtain estimates that have robust properties. The evaluation algorithm is a multi-step procedure that employs a limited number of information measurements, that is, it has limited memory. The feature of the algorithm is that the matrices and observation vectors involved in estimate construction are formed in the following way: they include information about the newly arrived measurements and exclude information about the oldest ones. Depending on the way these matrices and vectors are built (new information is added first, and then outdated is excluded, or the outdated is first excluded, and then a new one is added), two estimate forms are possible. The second Lyapunov method is used to study the convergence of the algorithm. The conditions of convergence for a multi-step algorithm have been defined. The analysis of the established regime has revealed that the algorithm ensures that unbiased estimates are obtained.
It should be noted that all the estimates reported in this work depend on the choice of the width of the nucleus, the information weighting factor, and the algorithm memory, the task of determining which remains open. Therefore, these parameters' estimates should be applied for the practical use of such multi-step algorithms.
The estimates obtained in this paper allow the researcher to pre-evaluate the possibilities of identification using a multi-step algorithm, as well as the effectiveness of its application when solving practical tasks
Сoagulation hemostasis indices after hemorrhagic stroke, developed as a complication of essential hypertension
Authors: Tkachyshyn Oleksandr
Published: March 2021

The aim: to determine the peculiarities of the indices of coagulation hemostasis in patients with the former occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke, developed as a complication of essential hypertension, in comparison to the hypertensive patients without complications.
Materials and methods. There were formed 2 groups of patients: the main group and the comparison group. The main group included 20 patients (10 women and 10 men, middle age 52.9±1.7 (M±m) years old) who had undergone hemorrhagic stroke as a complication of essential hypertension 6 months and more previously, had no normalization of blood pressure over this period of time. The comparison group included 20 patients (10 women and 10 men, middle age 52.5±1.7 years old) suffered from essential hypertension without complications. They were matched groups according to key indicators. All the above-mentioned people underwent fasted analysis of venous blood with detection of coagulation hemostasis indices.
Results. In the main and the comparison group the indices of coagulation hemostasis were the following ones, respectively: thrombin time 10.6±0.6 and 11.5±0.8 s, international normalized ratio 1.0±0.1 and 1.0±0.1, activated partial thromboplastin time 50.4±2.1 and 44.7±1.8 s (p<0.05), protein C 139.2±8.0 and 143.8±10.2 %, fibrinogen 2,4±0.4 and 2.6±0.3 g/l, soluble fibrin-monomer complexes 3.9±0.2 and 3.7±0.1 μg/mL, XIIa-dependent fibrinolysis 6.3±0.9 and 10.2±0.6 min (p<0.05), antithrombin-III 90.0±6.6 and 76.1±6.8 %.
Conclusions. In the main group relatively to the comparison group there was slowing of the internal pathway of coagulation hemostasis with the quicker fibrinolysis. There was detected that 100 % of patients from the main group had at least one of the following factors out of normal values and with predisposition to bleeding: activated partial thromboplastin time >48 s, XIIa-dependent fibrinolysis <5 min, fibrinogen <2 g/l, or antithrombin-III >120 %. This information should be taken into account while prescribing the treatment, influencing hemostasis indices, in a category of hypertensive patients after hemorrhagic stroke
The influence of solution choice on fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock
Authors: Zuo Tinglan , Solyarik Sergey
Published: March 2021

The aim. Compare the hemodynamic effects and safety of infusion of the balanced crystalloid solution, sorbitol-based solution, and standard solution (0.9 % sodium chloride).
Materials and methods. A prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out, the study included 68 adult patients, who had the active surgical infection, and were in a state of septic shock. A corresponding solution with a volume of 500 ml was used for resuscitation. Hemodynamic and other clinical and laboratory parameters were monitored.
Results. There was no significant difference in mean arterial pressure (MAP) between the 3 groups before the 45th minute (p>0.05), from the 50th minute to 2 hours they were found only between the NS and Sorb groups (p <0.05). No statistically significant difference in heart rate (HR) was obtained in any measurement (p> 0.05). Cardiac output (CO) and oxygen delivery (DO2) did not differ until 35 min (p> 0.05) and up to 40 min (p> 0.05); after 40 min and 45 min, a significant difference was also found between the Sorb and NS groups (p <0.05). After infusion of a sorbitol-containing solution and a balanced polyionic solution, the acid-base state of the blood significantly improved. The applied dose of the sorbitol-containing solution was safe for renal function and blood clotting in septic shock in this study. But the applied balanced polyionic solution may be associated with a decrease in the number of platelets. Daily changes by APACHE II scores in each group were not statistically significant. The difference in 7-day and 28-day mortality between groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions. In our study, the balanced polyionic solution with 1.9 % sodium lactate and 6 % sorbitol was the most effective and safe infusion solution for the treatment of septic shock, it can be used as a supplement to balanced crystalloid solutions. When using a balanced polyionic solution (Ringer's acetate) with 0.07 % L-malonic acid, the platelet count should be monitored more often
Determination of composition of fatty acids in Saponaria officinalis L.
Authors: Budniak Liliia , Slobodianiuk Liudmyla , Marchyshyn Svitlana , Kostyshyn Liliya , Horoshko Oleksandrа
Published: March 2021

Treatment using medicinal plants with a long history of use is of interest to our society. These plants include Saponaria ofﬁcinalis L., as well commonly known as common soapwort belongs to the family Caryophyllaceae. The herb and roots of this plant used as a blood purifier, an expectorant in bronchitis, diaphoretic and diuretic, for skin diseases, to increase bile flow. The plant contains various secondary metabolites, but there is no information on the fatty acids composition of Saponaria officinalis L. herb and roots.
The aim. The aim of the present study was to determine the qualitative composition and quantitative content of fatty acids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method (GC/MS) in Saponaria officinalis L. herb and roots.
Materials and methods. The determination of fatty acids composition of Saponaria officinalis L. herb and roots were carried out by gas chromatograph Agilent 6890N (Agilent Technologies, USA).
Results. The research of Saponaria ofﬁcinalis L. herb showed a mixture of unsaturated (1.9 mg/g) and saturated (1.27 mg/g) fatty acids. The main components of this raw material were linolenic (1.15 mg/g), linoleic (0.75 mg/g) and heneicosylic (0.38 mg/g) acids. The main components of this raw material were palmitic (0.38 mg/g), linoleic (0.16 mg/g) and linolenic (0.09 mg/g) acids.
Conclusions. As a result of Saponaria officinalis L. study, the presence of fatty acids is established in herb and roots. Using the GC/MS method determined the qualitative composition and quantitative content of fatty acids in study raw material. Twelve fatty acids were determined in the herb of Saponaria officinalis L. The dominant fatty acids in the studied raw material were linolenic and linoleic acids, their content was 1.15 mg/g and 0.75 mg/g, respectively. Nine fatty acids were determined in the Saponaria officinalis L. roots. The palmitic acid prevailed among fatty acids, it is content was 0.38 mg/g. Our findings suggest that Saponaria officinalis L. is a promising plant because of the important role of fatty acids in different biological processes
Problem of antibioticorezistence in applicable aspects of ecopharmacy
Authors: Kotvitska Alla , Tsubanova Natalia , Kononenko Nadiia , Zurenko Victoria , Andrusovich Inna , Chikitkina Valentyna
Published: March 2021

The aim. The aim of the work was to analyze the pharmaceutical fragments as components of the global problem of antibiotic resistance, to evaluate this aspect from the point of view of applied ecopharmacy and to propose solutions to this issue.
Materials and methods. Research materials – the results of a survey of pharmacy specialists. Analytical-comparative, system, logical, mathematical-statistical methods and the method of expert survey of specialists were used. At the first stage of the study, an expert survey of practical pharmacy workers was conducted in order to identify fixed points of correlation between such components as «practical pharmacy» – «antibiotic resistance» – «ecopharmacy». The second stage included the identification of positions at which it is necessary to develop additional informational training activities aimed at reducing antibiotic resistance.
Results. According to the results of an expert survey of specialists of the pharmaceutical sector of Ukraine (Kharkiv, Poltava, Vinnytsia, Chernihiv regions) on key issues of antibiotic resistance from the position of ecopharmacy, it was established that over 90 % of antibacterial drugs are sold without a prescription and are not accompanied by adequate pharmaceutical care. The awareness of pharmacy specialists of the potential dangers from uncontrolled intake of antibacterial drugs rises with an increase in their level of professional competence. Not one of the respondents during the release of an antibacterial drug does not indicate how to dispose of the remaining doses of the drug, what danger does the improper utilization of unsuitable antibiotics to the ecosystem of the region.
Conclusions. According to the results of the research conducted among practical pharmacy experts, conclusions can be drawn about the low level of awareness of the impact of antibacterial drugs on the ecology of the environment; identified key positions for which additional information is needed (antibiotic resistance, ecopharmacy, pharmaceutical care), not only in the form of planned advanced training courses, but also additionally in the format of distance education, seminars, conferences
Results of a comparative analysis of the dynamics of healthcare expenditure from the GDP of countries, cash payments from families and state expenditures on healthcare in Ukraine, Poland and in the WHO European countries
Authors: Panfilova Hanna , Olkhovska Anzhela , Boboshko Lyubov , Iurchenko Gennadii , Bandura Maksym , Dominik Zyro
Published: March 2021

The aim: to conduct a comparative analysis of the dynamics of health expenditures from GDP, cash expenditures of families and public expenditures on health in Ukraine, Poland and the countries of the WHO European Region.
Materials and methods. The object of the research was the data of the WHO European Office. Historical, analytical-comparative, systemic, logical, graphic, mathematical-statistical and other research methods were used.
Research results. It was found that all indicators of the analysis in Ukraine had an unstable character of changes in the years dynamics. Since 1995, Poland and European countries have seen a systematic increase in total health spending (%) of the country's GDP. The indicator of out-of-pocket expenses of families on medical and pharmaceutical support in Ukraine was significantly higher than in Poland and European countries, and its average values ​​in Ukraine were 1.5 times higher than in Poland. In 2014, this indicator reached its maximum (46.2 %) against the background of an increase in government spending (%) of total health spending (from 11.9 % to 12.7 %). In 2014, this indicator exceeded similar values ​​in Poland by 2.0 times and 1.7 times in European countries. In contrast, in Poland, the out-of-pocket expenses of families on medical and pharmaceutical support have been steadily decreasing from 30.0 % to 22.1 %, and since 2010 they have been lower than in European countries. According to government spending as a percentage of total health spending in Europe and Poland, there was a trend towards a gradual increase from 11.0 % to 13.2 % (European countries) and from 8.2 % to 10.7 % (Poland). The corresponding Ukrainian data were higher than in Poland and lower than in European countries (from 10.8 % to 11.4 %). Against the background of the unstable nature of the dynamics of changes in indicators characterizing the participation of the state in financing health care in Ukraine, since 2005, there has been an increase in the cash expenditures of Ukrainian families for relevant needs. As a result of systemic transformations in Poland, on the threshold of its accession to the EU (May 1, 2004), since 2005, there has been a decrease in the out-of-pocket expenditures of families against the background of a slight increase in % of public spending on health care.
Conclusions. The unstable nature of the dynamics of changes in domestic indicators, in comparison with similar data that was observed in Poland and the countries of the WHO European Region, suggests the need to introduce more decisive actions, which should lead to a reformatting of the role of the state in financing the health system
Analysis of fuzzy logic methods for forecasting customer churn
Authors: Papa Andrii , Shemet Yevhen , Yarovyi Andrii
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the process of predicting the churn of customers of telecommunications companies based on fuzzy logic and neural networks. The research carried out is based on the application of an approach that is implemented through the combined use of fuzzy logic and neural networks. The main assumption of the study is the hypothesis that the use of a fuzzy neural network formed on the basis of fuzzy logic algorithms can improve the accuracy of predicting customer churn relative to available solutions. This result can’t be achieved neglecting the existing resource constraints and requirements, which must be determined separately for each case of research. The relevance of the problem of forecasting customer churn for companies with a large number of users is considered. A model for predicting customer churn is proposed based on the combined use of fuzzy logic and neural networks. The main feature of this approach is that a test sample of normalized data is used at the basis of fuzzy neural networks, which are processed to form the parameters of membership functions that correspond to the inference system, that is, conclusions are made on the basis of a fuzzy logic apparatus. Also, to find the parameters of the membership function, neural network algorithms are used. Such systems can use previously known information, learn, gain new knowledge, predict time series, perform image classification, and besides, they are quite visual to the user. The application of methods of fuzzy logic is considered, they make it possible to obtain a result in the form of a fuzzy inference. The expediency of choosing these methods is explained by the fact that they were previously used in fuzzy automatic control systems and showed sufficiently high quality results. The expediency and prospects of using the proposed approach in the problem of predicting the outflow of customers of telecommunications companies are shown, and the results of software implementation are presented.
Increasing the crack resistance of high-strength self-compacting concrete
Authors: Troуan Vyacheslav , Kindras Bogdan
Published: March 2021

The object of research is high-strength self-compacting concrete, which does not require additional vibration during laying. One of the most problematic issues of high-strength self-compacting concretes is increased cracking, associated with large shrinkage deformations of such concretes and their fragile destruction.
A decrease in shrinkage deformations of concrete was established when part of the cement was replaced to mineral additives. This effect is explained by a decrease of the cement content and, accordingly, a decrease of the chemical component of the autogenous shrinkage of concrete, and an increase of the adsorptive binding of capillary moisture by mineral additives, with reduces the physical drying shrinkage of concrete. In this case, the type and dispersion of the used mineral additive can affect to the shrinkage deformations of concrete. A significant decrease in shrinkage deformations when using metakaolin is explained by an increase the amount of ettringite as a result of the reaction of active metakaolin Al2O3 with two-water gypsum of cement. It was found that the replacement of cement to 10 % of mineral additives leads to a decrease in the value of the critical stress intensity factor (SIF), which is compensated by a decrease of the fragility of concrete fracture (an increase of the area of microplastic deformations). At the same time, the type of mineral additive used does not affect to the value of the critical stress intensity factor, but significantly affects to the fragility of fracture of concrete samples. The introduction of 10 % mineral additives (to replace cement) had a positive effect on the retention of flow of self-compacting concrete mixes; the best results according to this criterion were observed when using silica fume, fly ash and limestone. All mineral modifiers, except for silica fume, led to a decrease of the compressive strength of high-strength concretes on all terms of hardening. In the case of the tensile strength of concrete at bending and splitting, with the introduction of silica fume, metakaolin and fly ash, a positive effect was observed compared to the base composition without additives.
Comprehensive accounting of the results obtained will allow a reasonable approach to the design of high-strength self-compacting concretes with increased crack resistance.
Intensification of the flow process of grain drying using two-sided infrared irradiation
Authors: Palamarchuk Vladyslav , Gyrych Sergii , Vasilishina Olga , Pahomska Olena
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the process of infrared drying of grain of agricultural crops. In the process of processing seeds of cereals and oilseeds is a fairly large number of technological operations, among which one of the most important is drying. Maintaining the required grain moisture is a major factor influencing its shelf life and quality. Therefore, an urgent and important problem is the intensification of the process of drying seeds of cereals and oilseeds at low energy consumption.
The process of infrared drying of grain has significant advantages over the most common convective drying due to the fact that no organic fuel is used. Infrared rays are characterized by high thermal action of products, so the demand for the use of infrared radiation in agricultural, food and processing industries for drying grain, bulk ingredients, thermal disinfection, etc. is growing. The principle of operation of the infrared method is that the moisture inside the grain absorbs infrared rays, due to which it is heated. In other words, energy is directly supplied to moisture, which is why we managed to achieve not only high efficiency but also high efficiency.
To increase the efficiency of removing moisture from the grain by infrared irradiation, it is necessary to increase the area of contact of grains with infrared rays. Given the permeability of infrared rays and the layer of grain on the working body of the conveyor, it is possible to use several ways to increase the area of irradiation. The first method is to apply the vibration of the working body to mix the layers of grain, which contributes to a more uniform processing of products. The second method described in this paper is to use a larger number of emitters, which are located not only above the tray of the conveyor, but also below it. The tray must be made of infrared-permeable material.
Quality control and identification of organic biscuits
Authors: Tkachenko Alina , Syrokhman Ivan , Huba Liudmyla , Basova Yulia , Kovalchuk Khrystyna
Published: March 2021

The object of research is children’s spelled biscuits Holle (Germany) and Belgian children’s biscuits with pieces of Fleur Alpine chocolate (Belgium). Consumers often buy organic-branded traditional food products through unfair advertising and labeling violations. Due to the fact that organic products are often the subject of counterfeiting, quality expertise is especially important. Also, thanks to the conformity assessment of the labeling given in the work, it is possible to establish whether the product is really organic. The labeling of biscuits was analyzed for compliance with the Law of Ukraine «On Organic Production» and the Law of Ukraine «On Information for Food Consumers». The study showed that the labeling complies with legal requirements in both samples. It was also found that both samples of biscuits meet the requirements of regulatory documents for organoleptic indicators. Organoleptic characteristics were tested: shape, surface, color, taste and smell, appearance in the fault. The tasting assessment was carried out according to a 45-point scale developed by the authors. The total number of points in the tasting score, taking into accounts the weight factor, for Fleur Alpine biscuits was 39.96, which corresponds to a quality level of 0.88; and Holle biscuits – 44, with a quality level of 0.97. Both samples meet the requirements of regulatory documents for such physicochemical indicators as humidity, alkalinity and moisture content. The moisture content of the biscuits was determined in an accelerated manner in an oven. Wetness was determined by the ratio of the weight of the items after wetting to the weight of the dry items. Alkalinity was determined by titration of the product filtrate. The moisture content for Fleur Alpine biscuits was 9.3 % and for Holle biscuits it was 8.0 %. The alkalinity was 1.6 and 1.4 degrees, respectively, and the wetness was also within the normal range with values of 120 and 110 %. The results indicate the quality of the studied samples in terms of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators.
Development of methods for parameters of long-term contracts optimization for operational road maintenance
Authors: Kharchenko Anna , Zaviyskyy Oleh , Tsybulskyi Vitalii , Zavorotnyi Serhii
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the processes of cost, duration and quality management in long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. The presented work is based on the use of project management theory. The main hypothesis of the study is the application of methods for optimizing the parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. Features, advantages and problematic issues concerning the use of long-term contracts based on quality indicators in the road sector are considered. The world and domestic experience of introduction of long-term maintenance of highways is analyzed. The main approaches to optimization of parameters are defined and the mathematical model of management of processes of cost, duration and quality in long-term contracts is developed. Based on the model, two methods of mathematical solution of the optimization problem of the proposed parameters have been developed. A mathematical experiment based on the example of the project of long-term maintenance of roads on the final quality indicators, the results of which showed that the adaptive capacity of projects by the second method is less flexible than the first. But the second method achieved better performance to minimize time parameters with averaging at 5 %. Optimization of parameters of long-term contracts for maintenance of roads has a multiplier effect, which is expressed in reducing administrative costs of the customer, reducing the responsibility of road services, creating conditions for stable financing of road works, satisfaction of road users, building strong partnerships between the customer and the contract. The results of calculations have practical value and can serve as a tool for making sound management decisions to determine the basic parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads based on quality.
Study of efficiency of simplication of customs formalities on the digitalization basis
Authors: Lebid Viktoriia , Anufriyeva Tetyana , Savenko Hanna , Skrypnyk Viktoriia
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the processes of data exchange between subjects of foreign economic activity when performing customs procedures, namely, the introduction of a new computerized transit system NCTS within the framework of improving and harmonizing customs procedures. One of the most problematic areas is the lack of knowledge and awareness in the implementation of reforms on trade facilitation measures, and therefore there is a need to be able to reduce costs at the border, and costs associated with foreign trade transactions.
The perspective is considered and the assessment of the state of modern customs policy is carried out on the example of Ukraine, the mechanisms of application of customs instruments for regulating foreign trade during the digitalization of customs are determined. The dynamics of export-import operations of Ukraine with other countries is analyzed. In 2020, exporting companies estimate the work of customs significantly better by 15 % compared to 2019. Among enterprises of various sizes, micro-enterprises often report problems at customs, and the greatest problems are considered to be overstatement of customs value of goods and outdated equipment of customs control zones. It is shown that one of the ways to improve the efficiency of customs procedures is to minimize personal contacts between the customs officer and the client, transfer most of the transactions online, use electronic services and mobile applications. Also, in the near future, a large-scale reconstruction of checkpoints is planned to reduce queues. It is found that the customs clearance procedures are not sufficiently automated, and the customs authorities are entrusted with many obligations. Thus, the customs authorities of Ukraine are forced to control goods during customs clearance more carefully than in the EU countries. The average duration of customs clearance of imported goods by the customs authorities of Ukraine is from 1 to 4 hours, depending on the region, while in developed countries such clearance takes only a few minutes.
The conducted research is interesting for the participants of the international transport market. Since for business enterprises the use of one transit declaration for the delivery of goods from one country to another (from the customs office of departure to the customs office of destination), according to the general transit procedure, reduces the cost of customs procedures and the time required for their passage. Consequently, it reduces queues at the border, which means a faster flow of goods.
Additional study of the spectral properties of synchrotron light
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production, Shishanin O.E.
Published: March 2021

Using the revealed small parameter, the asymptotics of the Bessel function are found for the first time up to the third order of accuracy. Based on them, the spectral expressions of synchrotron radiation, which are convenient for physical applications, are calculated in more detail.
Features of the processes of deformation of single-crystal titanium nickelide under the action of a comprehensive compression pulse
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Krivosheina M.N. , Tuch E.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: March 2021

Using the example of single-crystal titanium nickelide, the importance of taking into account the volume compressibility anisotropy when calculating the processes of elastoplastic deformation in materials with cubic symmetry of elastic properties is shown. It is shown that the process of uniform volumetric deformation corresponds to the process of non-uniform stress state for materials with cubic symmetry of properties for some orientations of the calculated coordinate system relative to the directions of the main crystallographic axes. The index surface of volume compressibility (or the reciprocal of it - the compression modulus) has a non-spherical shape and is a function of Euler angles. This is shown for the first time by solving a model problem - determining the stress and strain states of a spherical body made of single-crystal titanium nickelide under the action of a comprehensive compression pulse. In the general case of orienting the calculated coordinate system relative to the directions of the main crystallographic axes, an initially spherical body of single-crystal titanium nickelide is deformed into a biaxial ellipsoid under the influence of a comprehensive compression pulse.
Signs of connective tissue dysplasia in women with genital prolapse
Authors: Ustyuzhina A. S. , Solodilova M. A. , Polonikov A. V. , Pakhomov S. P. , Shokirova U. G.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Despite a long history of the disease, genital prolapse still have not been definitively solved. A relevance of pelvic organ prolapse in women has been increasing in recent years largely due to a change in the quality of life and desire to sustain their youth. The number of studies pinpointing the cause of the disease in connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) has been increasing annually.Aim: to conduct a systematic analysis and determine most common signs of CTD in women with genital prolapse.Materials and methods. CTD criteria and the relationship with genital prolapse were analyzed. The study was conducted using questionnaires and including clinical studies examining residents of the Belgorod region (135 women). The main group included 91 patients who had signs of pelvic organ prolapse, and control group consisted of 44 healthy women. CTD intensity score proposed by T.Yu. Smolnova et al. (2003) was used to assess signs of dysplasia in women examined allowing to build up three groups in which each symptom was evaluated as severity score.Results. Asthenic constitution was noted in high percentage of women suffering from genital prolapse (16.70 ± 0.38 %) compared with healthy women (2.30 ± 0.15 %; p = 0.016). Mild bruising, increased tissue bleeding tended to rise in main vs. control group (16.50 ± 0.37 % in main group and 0.0 in control group; p = 0.016). Signs of varicose veins and hemorrhoids requiring no surgical treatment were found in 33.00 ± 0.47 % and 4.50 ± 0.21 % in main vs. control group (p = 0.0002), respectively. Genital prolapse and hernia in first-line relatives were recorded in 9.90 ± 0.30 % in main group (p = 0.031), women without signs of prolapse did not indicate prolapse in close relatives.Conclusion. Asthenic constitution, hernias, varicose veins and hemorrhoids, female pelvic and hernial prolapse in close female relatives, a tendency to mild bruising, skeletal anomalies, elastosis skin were among common CTD signs in women with genital prolapse.
Connective tissue dysplasia in the genesis of cervical incompetence
Authors: Fotina E. V. , Zakirova R. R. , Alekseenkova M. V. , Panina O. B.
Published: March 2021

Aim: to study a role of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (uCTD) in etiology of cervical incompetence and its effect on pregnancy and childbirth course.Material and Methods. There were enrolled 60 patients with cervical incompetence. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the modified CTD scale: group 1 - patients without uCTD (n = 21); group 2 - patients with mild uCTD (n = 25); group 3 - patients with moderate-to-severe uCTD (n = 14). Intensity of CTD clinical signs was assessed based on health status, gynecological and obstetric history, the course of pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period.Results. It was found that patients with more prominent CTD developed earlier (r-Spearman = -0.26) and more marked (r-Spearman = -0.29) cervical shortening and opening of the internal orifice of the uterus (r-Spearman = 0.28). It was also noted that likelihood of occurring preterm labor was significantly higher in patients with CTD (p = 0.02).Conclusion. The data obtained evidence that uCTD affects intensity of manifested cervical insufficiency and rate of preterm delivery.
Assessing an impact on perinatal outcome in monochorionic and dichorionic twin pregnancy complicated with discordant fetal growth
Authors: Kostyukov K. V. , Gladkova K. A. , Ionov O. V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Multifetal pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Type of placentation and discordant fetal growth may be risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Aim: to compare an impact of dichorionic and monochorionic twin pregnancies with symmetric and discordant fetal growth on perinatal outcomes, as well as morbidity and mortality.Materials and Methods. There was conducted a retrospective study of 485 pregnant women and paired 959 newborns. Depending on the type of chorionicity, subjects were stratified into two study groups being further subdivided into based on describing fetal weight discordance. The antenatal period and the neonatal outcome of newborns in groups and subgroups were compared.Results. We analyzed 308 dichorionic and 177 monochorionic twin pregnancies. It was found that neonate discordant growth was observed in 5.4 % and 13.4 % (p < 0.001), respectively. The incidence of assisted reproductive technologies was higher in dichorionic than in monochorionic twins comprising 66.5 and 40.7 % (р < 0.001). Antenatal mortality in monochorionic vs. dichorionic twins was by 8-fold higher. The preterm birth rate in monochorionic vs. dichorionic twins was 74.6 and 62.7% (p = 0.009), respectively. Neonate body weight in monochorionic vs. dichorionic twins was lowered comprising 1991 and 2430 gr. (р < 0.001), respectively. Low Apgar scores were more common for monochorionic twins with discordant body weight. The rate of early neonatal mortality in monochorionic vs. dichorionic twins was 4.4 % vs. 1.5 % (p = 0.009), whereas in dichorionic vs. monochorionic twins with weight discordance it was up to 5.8 and 10.5% (р < 0.001), respectively.Conclusion. Monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated with growth discordance is associated with a higher risk of adverse antenatal period as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality compared to symmetric DCDA twins. Chorionicity and growth discordancy represent important predictors for outcome of twin pregnancy.
Clinical significance of measuring ADAMTS-13, its inhibitor and von Willebrand factor in obstetric and gynecological practice
Authors: Grigoreva K. N. , Bitsadze V. O. , Khizroeva J. Kh. , Tretyakova M. V. , Ponomarev D. A. , Tsvetnova K. Yu. , Doronicheva D. A. , Mamaeva A. R. , Mekhedova K. V. , Rizzo G. , Gris J.-C. , Elalamy I. , Makatsariya A. D.
Published: March 2021

ADAMTS-13 is a crucial metalloproteinase involved in liberating fragments of von Willebrand factor (vWF) into the plasma as well as regulating its activity by cleaving "ultra-large" multimers into smaller and less active counterparts. Many pathological conditions, including those emerged during pregnancy are characterized by increased level of vWF and decreased ADAMTS-13 activity. In this regard, it is necessary to monitor the levels of vWF and ADAMTS-13 activity to prevent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (Moschcowitz disease) as one of the most severe forms of thrombotic microangiopathy.
The Use of Business Process Management in Hotel Direct Sales Improvement
Authors: Chalupa Stepan , Petricek Martin , Ulrych Zdenek
Published: March 2021

This article deals with Business Process Modelling and Reengineering use in the hospitality industry, focusing on the improvement of direct telephone sales by application of the CRM system. After modelling the current state of the selected process using ARIS methodology, the same process was remodelled for the application of the CRM system. This application shortened the whole process (mainly the number of activities needed to prosecute) and allowed the front-office employee to be more clients oriented. The automation of labour-intensive processes can reduce the number of human-caused errors and improve the convertibility and reservation request and their overall value.