bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A influência da privação de sono na Doença de Parkinson: uma revisão de literatura integrativa
Authors: Meneses Thamires Bahia , Araújo Naã Gualez Freitas de , Ferreira Ruth dos Santos Araújo , Zica Lara Naves Oliveira , Queiroz Luã Viana
Published: October 2024

Introdução: a doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma afecção neurodegenerativa progressiva, evidenciada pela morte celular dos neurônios dopaminérgicos da substância negra. Acomete ambos os sexos e diferentes etnias, com idade média de início por volta dos 60 a 65 anos. Consoante a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), aproximadamente 1% da população mundial acima dos 65 anos apresentam DP. No Brasil, este número chega a 200 mil indivíduos afetados com a doença.  Apresenta principalmente sintomas motores, mas também pode incluir sintomas não motores, como transtornos do sono, que são os mais comuns entre os pacientes. Objetivo: avaliar a influência da privação do sono na Doença de Parkinson. Metodologia: o desenho de estudo do presente artigo é uma revisão de literatura integrativa, executada por intermédio das bases de dados da BVS e PubMed, com um recorte temporal de 2020 a 2024, utilizando os descritores: doença de Parkinson; privação de sono; distúrbios do início e da manutenção do sono. Resultados: diante dos 21 artigos selecionados e incluídos nesta revisão de literatura integrativa, evidenciou-se a associação entre privação de sono e Doença de Parkinson, o que apresenta influência direta na progressão dos sintomas motores, como o freezing of gait, e não motores, como depressão e ansiedade, podendo assim proceder ou mesmo acelerar esses sintomas. Ademais, a privação de sono pode gerar impactos negativos na qualidade de vida e no funcionamento diário do paciente com DP, avaliados através de escalas como Índice de Sono de Pittsburg (PSQI) e Escala de qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saude (HRQoL). Em relação ao tratamento dos distúrbios de sono na DP, revelou-se que tanto intervenções farmacológicas quanto não farmacológicas podem melhorar a qualidade do sono em pacientes com Doença de Parkinson.   Conclusão: a privação de sono em pacientes com Doença de Parkinson (DP) impacta, de forma relevante, tanto os sintomas motores quanto os não motores, o que gera impactos diretos na qualidade de vida e no funcionamento diário desses indivíduos. O presente estudo evidenciou que a má qualidade do sono piora os sintomas motores, de modo que a fragmentação do sono, a alta latência e os despertares frequentes agravam esses sintomas. Assim, uma intervenção promissora para controle e redução desses impactos é o manejo e terapêutica (farmacológica e não farmacológica) dos distúrbios do sono.
Avaliação de risco de lesão por pressão em idosos acamados e domiciliados
Authors: Figueiredo Thaysi Carnet , Rizzi Júlia Lazzari , Marques Laurem Souza Talhaferro , Harter Jenifer
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O Brasil vivencia o processo de transição demográfica da população. Nos últimos anos, isso implicou na necessidade de reestruturar a Rede de Atenção à Saúde no país. Nesse inteirem, a Atenção Domiciliar tem ganhado papel de destaque como ferramenta para garantia de acolhimento, equidade, humanização e integralidade do cuidado. Pois é crescente o número de atendimentos à população idosa, pessoas com doenças crônicas, dificuldade de acesso, doenças degenerativas ou com sequelas. O estudo justifica-se pela carência de assistência contínua à idosos que de alguma forma tenham dificuldade para acesso a serviços de saúde em virtude de mobilidade. Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar as características e o risco de lesão por pressão de idosos acamados e domiciliados. Resultados:Trata-se de dados preliminares de um estudo transversal. A amostra foi composta por idosos com idade superior a 60 anos, foi realizada em três etapas. Os dados foram analisados com o programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences versão 21.0. Conclusão: Quanto às morbidades, 78,6% apresentavam duas ou mais doenças. As doenças mais prevalentes foram Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e o Alzheimer. A metade da amostra apresentou-se sem risco de desenvolver lesão por pressão. Avaliou-se sete perfis de problemas para intervenção. Os idosos da área adstrita da estratégia saúde da família apresentam múltiplas morbidades, fazem uso de polimedicamentos e necessitam de acompanhamento multiprofissional.
Educational activities in the prevention of gestacional anemia
Authors: Furtado Poliana da Silva Rêgo , Rego Nilma Silva , Sousa José Haroldo Bandeira , Serra Thallita Karollaine de Queiroz Pereira , Braga Robertha de Cássia Cavalcante Dias , Gregório Isadora Costa Santos , Rêgo Ingridy Dourado , Beckman Lucas Frota , Nunes Junior Nivaldo Borges , Silva Flor de Maria Araújo Mendonça , Barbosa Janaina Maiana Abreu , Aragão Francisca Bruna Arruda , Rêgo Adriana Sousa
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of gestational anemia and verify whether educational activities interfere with the presence of gestational anemia. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, nested within a prospective cohort, from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy, carried out in the city of São Luís, Maranhão. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical questionnaires, as well as a questionnaire on food and nutritional insecurity, were applied. For data analysis, Poisson logistic regression was used. Results: The sample consisted of 309 pregnant women, where the prevalence of self-reported anemia was 16.82%. Most pregnant women were between 20 and 29 years old (50.49%). 49.51% belonged to socioeconomic classes D (from 1 to 3 minimum wages) and E (up to 1 minimum wage). Participation in educational activities during prenatal care (PR=0.30; CI=0.9-1.04; p=0.001), belonging to socioeconomic classes D/E (PR=0.82; CI=4.27 -5.45; p=0.001), is in the third trimester (PR=2.74; CI=0.78-0.60; p=0.002) and experiences food and nutritional insecurity (PR=2.49; CI =1.07-5.78; p=0.033) were issues associated with anemia during pregnancy. Conclusion: Educational activities during the gestational period are important to combat gestational anemia and promote health. The study showed a low prevalence of self-reported anemia, which may indicate that limiting factors, such as the pandemic period, made it difficult to access examination results or even undergo them.
Relato de caso: uveíte anterior crônica por Citomegalovírus (CMV) tratada com Ganciclovir Endovenoso (EV)
Authors: Barbosa Paula Chaves , Pinheiro André Araújo , Gondim Breno Hermann Ferreira , Zucatti Christine Lanssoni , Carvalho Daisy Brito Monteiro de , Robélio Emilly Priscilla de Souza , Menezes Junior Gilson de Santana , Figueiredo Gustavo de Paula , Pio Isabella Cristina Borges , Miranda Rafaela de Andrade Silva , Basei João Vitor Tomasi
Published: October 2024

A uveíte anterior causada pelo citomegalovírus (CMV) é uma infecção que, em pacientes imunocompetentes, geralmente permanece latente e sem sintomas, porém, em alguns casos, pode evoluir para uma condição conhecida como uveíte anterior hipertensiva. Esta condição é marcada por uma leve inflamação na câmara anterior do olho, presença de precipitados ceráticos (PKs) e, em casos mais severos, disfunção endotelial, que pode resultar em ceratopatia bolhosa. Em indivíduos imunocomprometidos, o CMV é uma causa frequente de retinite, uma complicação ocular que pode levar à cegueira se não tratada adequadamente. O diagnóstico definitivo dessa infecção ocular é feito por meio da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) do humor aquoso. O tratamento envolve o controle da inflamação, da dor e da pressão intraocular elevada, utilizando uma combinação de corticosteróides tópicos, midriáticos e antivirais. Este relato apresenta um caso grave de ceratouveíte anterior unilateral crônica recorrente causada por CMV, que foi tratado com sucesso com ganciclovir endovenoso (EV), mostrando a eficácia dessa abordagem quando o tratamento tópico não está disponível, oferecendo uma alternativa terapêutica para esses casos mais complexos.
Eficácia e segurança do uso de colchicina para a prevenção da recorrência de fibrilação atrial após ablação por cateter
Authors: Lopes Tatiele Cristina Rodrigues , Souza Giovanna Vasconcellos Barboza de , Souza Mariana Mérida de , Martins Maria Alice Chagas , Póvoa Davi Augustus Vitor Barbosa , Moreira Humberto Graner
Published: October 2024

O uso da colchicina na prevenção da fibrilação atrial, FA, após ablação por catéter vem ganhando notoriedade. Nesse sentido, busca-se compreender não somente sua eficácia, como também sua segurança no que tange à utilização de tal medicamento na prática médica cardiológica. Assim, compreende-se que a inflamação após a ablação é um fator muito importante nesse contexto, de maneira que remodela o átrio e que perpetua a FA. Tal estudo, utilizando da revisão bibliográfica, busca analisar os estudos que sugerem que a colchicina, antiinflamatório, pode reduzir a inflamação que está inexoravelmente associada à FA. Nesse contexto, observa-se que apesar de não notar-se uma redução significativa da FA ou internações em razão da mesma, houve notável diminuição da dor torácica. Assim, analisa-se que apesar de a colchicina possuir papel na prevenção de complicações inflamatórias após a ablação por catéter, a citar: pericardite aguda e possivelmente FA recorrente, atualmente não há conspícua relação que associe o medicamento à redução da morbimortalidade pela FA. É necessário, nesse contexto, que sejam realizadas mais pesquisas para assegurar a eficácia clínica de tal tratamento no objetivo de minimizar os efeitos adversos e definir os tratamentos ideais. Somente dessa maneira serão otimizados os cuidados dos pacientes submetidos à ablação por catéter.
Utilização de terapias complementares na enxaqueca
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Elias Gomes de , Freitas Leide Nayra de Souza , Silva Pedro Augusto Caixeta , Almeida Adriele Souza Alves Monteiro de , Alves Gabriel Carvalho , Amorim Ana Cristina Ferreira Garcia
Published: October 2024

O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil oferece acesso universal, integral e gratuito a serviços de saúde, com foco em ações de promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde. Nesse contexto, as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) emergem como abordagens que ampliam a perspectiva sobre saúde-doença, sendo oferecidas pelo SUS em 29 modalidades distintas. Este estudo buscou avaliar as evidências sobre o uso de práticas complementares no tratamento não medicamentoso da enxaqueca, considerando o incentivo a essas abordagens no sistema público de saúde, e por ser uma condição de alta prevalência e que compromete significativamente a qualidade de vida destes indivíduos. A revisão incluiu artigos em inglês, português e espanhol, publicados entre 2014 e 2024, com foco em ensaios clínicos, estudos observacionais e de séries de casos com indivíduos diagnosticados com enxaqueca. Diferentes pesquisas apontam que abordagens como meditação, yoga e mindfulness podem trazer benefícios significativos no manejo da enxaqueca, com redução na frequência e intensidade das crises, melhora na qualidade de vida e respostas emocionais menos intensas. Estudos sobre outras modalidades, como fisioterapia e acupuntura, também indicam efeitos positivos, embora sejam necessárias investigações mais rigorosas. Embora os estudos evidenciem os benefícios de terapias complementares, muitos apresentam limitações metodológicas, sendo necessário novas pesquisas de de melhor rigor científico para melhor avaliar o papel das terapias complementares no tratamento da enxaqueca.
Análise dos efeitos epidemiológicos da pandemia de COVID-19 nas internações e óbitos por bronquite e bronquiolite viral aguda na região centro-oeste do Brasil
Authors: Correia Gustavo Henrique Silva , Mendanha Verônica de Camargo , Pereira Phabia Assunção , Pinto Renata Machado
Published: October 2024

A bronquiolite viral aguda (BVA) é a principal infecção do trato respiratório inferior em crianças, especialmente em menores de 2 anos. Entre os agentes etiológicos, o vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR) é o mais predominante, gerando um número significativo de internações por Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar internações e óbitos por bronquite e bronquiolite aguda em crianças na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil entre 2019 e 2023, considerando o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, cuja análise foi feita com dados do DATASUS e ferramentas do Google Planilhas. A análise mostra que o Distrito Federal (DF) lidera em internações, enquanto Goiás (GO) obteve mais óbitos. As internações foram menores em 2020 e 2021 e maiores em 2023. A sazonalidade da doença manteve picos entre abril e maio. A pandemia de COVID-19 aumentou a necessidade de suporte respiratório e reduziu a idade média dos pacientes com BVA de 3 para 1 mês. A infecção por COVID-19 não causou casos mais graves, mas aumentou a recidiva e a reinfecção. Portanto, é crucial estudar a diferença entre mais internações no DF e mais óbitos em GO para melhorar a prevenção e tratamento.
Osmoregulation and reproduction: evolutionary trends in prolactin functions from fish to mammals
Authors: Smirnova O. V. , Abramicheva P. A. , Pavlova N. S.
Published: October 2024

The study of prolactin function evolution provides key insights into the diverse effects of this hormone in mammals, both in health and disease, which is relevant from both theoretical and practical perspectives. This article reviews both original and literature data concerning the role of prolactin and its receptors in regulating the sexual dimorphism of freshwater adaptation in the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. It is demonstrated that mRNA expression of prolactin gene 1 (one of two prolactin paralogs) and its receptor PRLRA increases in the brains of female sticklebacks only upon transitioning to freshwater. The brain and kidneys of sticklebacks, as androgen-dependent organs, exhibit sex-dependent expression of Prlra in seawater. It is suggested that sex-dependent osmoregulatory effects of prolactin are mediated through the PRLRA receptor in these organs. The PRLRB receptor, expressed in the kidneys and brains of sticklebacks regardless of sex in seawater, shows increased sensitivity to reduced salinity, suggesting a more active role in implementing sex-independent osmoregulatory functions of prolactin. Gills and intestines, as osmoregulatory organs, express the PRLRA and PRLRB receptors independent of sex in both seawater and freshwater. With freshwater adaptation, there is a concurrent increase in the expression of Prl1 in the brains of females and the expression of Atp1a1 (α1a subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase), Nhe3 (NHE3 sodium-proton antiport gene), and Ecac (epithelial calcium channel gene) in their gills. It is presumed that these gill genes are under positive control by prolactin. Exploring the potential for prolactin’s osmoregulatory function in mammals revealed that it may manifest in conditions such as pathologies accompanied by increased expression of prolactin receptor isoforms in osmoregulatory organs. One of such pathologies is cholestasis in female rats, which was associated with an increase in Prlr isoform expression and changes in activity and ratio of Na+/K+-ATPase subunits in the kidney. Thus, it is concluded that in fish, the osmoregulatory function of prolactin is sex-dependent, while in mammals, it may manifest under conditions of disrupted water-salt exchange.
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell contraction during early postnatal ontogenesis
Authors: Gaynullina D. K. , Tarasova O. S. , Shvetsova A. A.
Published: October 2024

Growth of the body in early postnatal ontogenesis is associated with changes in the functioning of many organ systems, including the cardiovascular system. The circulatory system of newborns is characterized by numerous structural and functional features, which at the systemic level is manifested in a significantly lower level of blood pressure. This review describes the differences in the mechanisms of regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell contraction in early postnatal ontogenesis and in adulthood, including age-related changes in the functioning of ion channels, which activity affects membrane potential level and intracellular concentration of calcium ions, as well as changes in calcium sensitivity of the contractile apparatus. The final section of the review discusses the connection between the mechanisms regulating contraction and differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells during maturation.
Constructing Posthuman Politics: New Forms of Media Subjectivity (fakes, bots and simulacra)/Konstruowanie polityki posthumanizmu: nowe formy podmiotowości medialnej (dezinformacja, boty, symulakra)
Authors: Golikov Alexander S.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the emergence of the phenomenon of posthuman politics, in particular, to the study of new forms of media subjectivity. Drawing from the theoretical developments of J. Baudrillard, N. Luhmann, B. Latour, K. Knorr-Cetina, P. Bourdieu, P. Virilio, Z. Bauman and a number of other theorists, the author identifies a number of processes that significantly and ontologically transform the communicative space within the world of media. These processes include the industrialization of communication production, the massification and audiovisualization of image production, the intensification of flows, the increasing role of speed, the standardization of reaction control and the narrowing of the range of these reactions, the elimination of memory structures, the “collapse” of the chronotope to the here-and-now, and the increasing “fluidity” of societal structures. Based on this, the author conceptualizes fundamentally new nodes of relations in posthuman politics: integral network complexes “human-human,” “human-non-human (that is, machine),” “machine-machine” become significant,. The “drone-production of media products” is established, with machines and bots beginning to participate in discussions, imitation and simulation of multiplicity and participation, and non-human subjectivity turns out to be even more subjective than humans. The author argues that all of this leads to significant shifts in “posthuman” politics compared to human ones: human subjects lose confidence in the political act in any of its expressions; the political ceases to be taken “seriously,” and alienation begins to affect even formal communicative acts on the Internet, which gives rise to inactivity Meaningful communication about the political is “noisy”; audiovisual content ceases to be a space of meaning, comprehension, dialogue and communication Political understanding and interaction no longer centre on action and discourse about human lives, pain, suffering, values, hopes; The “silent majority” as a “black hole of the social” absorbs an increasing amount of not only meanings and meaningful statements but also potential opportunities, and an increasing part of the future. The article also outlines the prospects for further research, including empirical research on the topic.
Człowiek zalgorytmizowany/Algorytmic Human
Authors: Dąbrowska Ilona
Published: October 2024

Wykorzystywanie algorytmów stanowi powszechną praktykę we współczesnym internecie. Coraz doskonalsze systemy stale monitorują nasze e-zachowania, analizują je, by tworzyć wzory matematyczne, definiujące każdego użytkownika sieci. W rezultacie jesteśmy zasypywani spersonalizowanymi treściami oraz zamykani w bańkach informacyjnych. Czy w algorytmicznym cyberświecie jest jeszcze miejsce na hermeneutykę? Czy w dobie kształtowania się społeczeństwa informacyjnego jesteśmy w stanie autonomicznie wyszukiwać, krytycznie oceniać i konsumować treści? Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na te i inne pytania związane z problematyką algorytmizacji. Omówieniu poddano kwestie związane z genezą, rozwojem oraz popularyzacją algorytmów i modeli matematycznych wykorzystywanych w internecie. Autorka za cel stawia sobie zwrócenie uwagi na dynamiczny rozwój sztucznej inteligencji we współczesnym świecie i wynikające z tego procesu możliwości oraz zagrożenia. Eskalacja zakresu obszarów, w których pojawiają się nowe technologie powoduje, że algorytmizacji podlega coraz więcej sfer ludzkiego życia, tak w kontekście zawodowym, jak i prywatnym. Publikacja potwierdza, że cyfryzacja, datafikacja oraz algorytmizacja są nieuniknione, tym samym istotne jest edukowanie w zakresie działań nowych technologii, ich możliwości oraz zagrożeń, jak również tworzenie rozwiązań chroniących jednostkę przed zagrożeniami związanymi z nowymi technologiami.The use of algorithms is common practice on the modern Internet. More and more perfect systems constantly monitor our e-behaviors and analyze them to create mathematical formulas that define each network user. As a result, we are inundated with personalized content and trapped in information bubbles. Is there still a place for hermeneutics in the algorithmic cyber world? In the era of the formation of the information society, are we able to autonomously search, critically evaluate and consume content? The article is an attempt to answer these and other questions related to algorithmization. Issues related to the origins, development and popularization of Internet algorithms are discussed. The author's goal is to draw attention to the dynamic development of artificial intelligence in the modern world and the opportunities and threats resulting from this process. The escalation of the scope of areas in which new technologies appear means that more and more spheres of human life are subject to algorithmization, both in professional and private contexts. The publication confirms that digitization, datafication and algorithmization are inevitable, therefore it is important to educate about the operation of new technologies, their possibilities and threats, as well as to create mechanisms to protect the individual against the threats related to new technologies.
Kompetencje cyfrowe wymagane na współczesnym rynku pracy - perspektywa pracodawcy/Digital competencies on modern labour market- perspective of employers
Authors: Pawłowska-Cyprysiak Karolina , Hildt-Ciupińska Katarzyna
Published: October 2024

Nowe technologie mają ogromny wpływ na rynek pracy. Raport światowe wskazują, że będą one wpływać na wymagane przez pracodawcę umiejętności i będą siłą napędowa zmian w ciągu najbliższych pięciu lat. Taki rynek pracy pozwoli na odnalezienie się tylko tym pracownikom, którzy na podstawie posiadanych kompetencji będą w stanie dostosować się do szybko zmieniających się oczekiwań pracodawców. W tym kontekście jednymi z istotniejszych kompetencji pracowników stają się kompetencje cyfrowe. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jakie kompetencje uznawane są przez pracodawców za cyfrowe kompetencje wymagane na współczesnym rynku pracy. Przeprowadzone zostały badania kwestionariuszowe, których celem było określenie kompetencji cyfrowych wymaganych przez pracodawców na współczesnym rynku pracy z uwzględnieniem kompetencji niezbędnych w przemyśle 4.0. Przebadano 319 pracodawców, którzy wyrazili świadomą zgodę na udział w badaniu. Za kompetencje przyszłości w pierwszej kolejności pracodawcy uznają kompetencje cyfrowe, następnie tzw. kompetencje miękkie. Pracodawcy oceniają kompetencje cyfrowe pracowników – zarówno te zaawansowane jak i te podstawowe – na niskim poziomie. Szczególnie pracownicy starsi postrzegani są jako Ci posiadający najniższe kompetencje cyfrowe na tle innych pracowników. Według pracodawców kluczową kompetencją cyfrową są kompetencje związane z cyberbezpieczeństwem.New technologies has big influence on labour market. International reports points that new technologies will have influence also on skills demanded by employer and will initiate changes in nearest five years. Only employees which will have competencies to adjust to quick changes of demands of employers will be found on that kind of labour market. In this context digital competencies are one of the most significant of employee competencies. The aim of this article is to present which digital competencies are competences demand on modern labour market in employers’ perspective. The aim of the conducted questionnaire researcher was to assess which digital competencies are required on modern labour market white considering competencies necessary in 4.0 industry. The study group consisted of 319 employers which gave consent on taking part in to research. As future competencies employers point first digital competencies and then so called “soft” competencies. Employees digital competencies – basic and advanced – are assessed by employers as low level. Older employees are perceived as those employees with the lowest digital competencies of all employees. According to employer’s cyber security is key digital competence.
Literature Supported Model for Implementing Effective Use of Simulation and Debriefing in Paramedic Education
Authors: Konzelmann Jason
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature supported pathway to incorporating effective simulated learning experiences (SLE) into paramedic precertification courses. The literature is sparse on simulation incorporation into paramedic programs; however, it demonstrates extensive benefit in medicine and nursing. Paramedic educators have access to simulation equipment, yet seldom use it for more than skills development. Studies show that effective simulation can lead to improved patient care, outcomes, and safety, but requires ongoing faculty development, especially in the area debriefing. Learning the structure and purpose of debriefing and committing to practicing the skill is crucial to unpacking meaning from a SLE. This paper describes the reasons for implementing SLEs into paramedic precertification courses, suggests a comprehensive model for faculty development, describes a debriefing method for immersive SLEs, and provides guidance for ongoing simulation professional development.
Differences in Accuracy Between Paramedics and Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) When Identifying Low-Acuity Pediatric Patients
Authors: Yang Jerry , Brown Kathleen , Simpson Joelle , Chamberlain James , Ward Caleb
Published: October 2024

Background
Alternative emergency medical services (EMS) disposition programs have been developed for adults with low-acuity complaints. One barrier to including children in such programs is a lack of evidence regarding whether paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) can accurately identify children with low-acuity complaints. Our primary objective was to compare the accuracy of EMTs to that of paramedics in identifying low-acuity pediatric encounters. Our secondary objective was to determine whether support for alternative EMS dispositions differed between paramedics and EMTs.
Methods
This was a planned secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study of children transported by EMS to an emergency department (ED). Acuity was defined using a composite measure that included physiological patient assessments, resources used (including laboratory tests and radiographs), and patient disposition. EMS clinicians rated on a Likert scale their level of agreement that a patient had a low-acuity problem and could have been transported by private vehicle, seen in clinic, or not transported. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) for paramedic and EMT acuity assessments were calculated.
Results
EMS surveys were completed for 84.0% of 996 participants (76.4% by EMTs, 22.6% by paramedics). 35.1% of participants were classified as having a low-acuity complaint. The sensitivity for identifying a child as low-acuity was 24% (95% CI 20%, 38%) for paramedics and 50% (46%, 54%) for EMTs. The PPV for identifying a child as low-acuity was 0.44 (0.28, 0.60) for paramedics and 0.62 (0.55, 0.68) for EMTs. Only 20.5% of paramedics and 22.5% of EMTs supported non-transport for children with low-acuity complaints.
Conclusions
Relying on EMS assessments of pediatric patient acuity may lead to under-triage, regardless of whether a paramedic or EMT makes this determination. Additional training and triage tools may be required before children can be safely included in alternative EMS disposition programs.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO NO GERENCIAMENTO DOS RESÍDUOS INFECTANTES NOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Gomes André Ricardo Oliveira , Batista Denyse Moreira , Andrade Leonor Regina Figueiredo Pindo de , Batista Marcelo Henrique Araújo , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Lima Suelen Costa
Published: October 2024

Os resíduos dos serviços de saúde mais abundantes são os classificados como A e E, ou seja, os infectantes e perfurocortantes, respectivamente e devem ser armazenados com bastante atenção, pois são considerados com elevado potencial a saúde de quem o manuseia. Os resíduos infectantes são produzidos em todos os setores de serviços de saúde e podem ser citados como sondas, gases com sangue, luvas, seringas, medicamentos e todos outros que possuem presença de agentes biológicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a importância da profissionalização no gerenciamento dos resíduos infectantes nos serviços de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que ocorreu com a utilização do acrônimo PICO. Delimitou-se a pergunta norteadora: “qual a importância da profissionalização no gerenciamento dos resíduos infectantes nos serviços de saúde?”. A busca dos estudos ocorreu em agosto de 2024 nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed e SciELO. A falta de treinamento adequado para o manejo de resíduos infectantes nas unidades de saúde gera impactos negativos à saúde dos profissionais e dos pacientes. A falta de conhecimento sobre os riscos associados aos resíduos infectantes, como agulhas e seringas, contribui para um aumento significativo de acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes, levando a infecções por doenças como Hepatite B e HIV. Pode-se concluir que, a falta de treinamento pode resultar em práticas inadequadas de descarte, aumentando o risco de contaminação cruzada e a proliferação de vetores de doenças colocando em risco a saúde dos profissionais de saúde, aumentando a exposição a patógenos e a possibilidade de adquirir doenças.
Cultural Heritage ‘In-The-Wild’
Authors: McGookin David , Tahiroğlu Koray , Vaittinen Tuomas , Kytö Mikko , Monastero Beatrice , Vasquez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

As digital cultural heritage applications begin to be deployed outwith ‘traditional’ heritage sites (such as museums, open-air museums or galleries), there is an increased need to consider their use amongst individuals who are open to learning about the heritage of a site, but where that is a clearly secondary purpose of their visit. Parks, recreational areas and the everyday built environment represent places that although often rich in heritage, are often not visited primarily to access that heritage. We present the results of a study of a mobile application, called Explore, that supports accessing heritage on a Finnish recreational island. Evaluation with 45 participants, who were not visiting primarily to access the heritage, provided insight into how digital heritage applications can be developed for this user group. Our results showed how low immersion and lightweight interaction support individuals to integrate cultural heritage around their primary visit purpose. Although participants were willing to include heritage as part of their visit, they were not willing to be directed by Explore. Our work outlines future directions that should be considered when expanding the reach of heritage access beyond ‘traditional’ sites.
Digital cultural heritage and revitalization of endangered Finno-Ugric languages
Authors: Katinskaia Anisia , Yangarber Roman
Published: October 2024

The preservation of linguistic diversity has long been recognized as a crucial, integral part of supporting our cultural heritage. Yet many “minority” languages — those that lack official state status — are in decline, many severely endangered. We present a prototype system aimed at “heritage” speakers of endangered Finno-Ugric languages. Heritage speakers are people who have heard the language used by the older generations while they were growing up, and who possess a considerable passive competency — well beyond the “beginner” level, — but are lacking on active fluency. Our system is based on natural language processing and artificial intelligence. It assists the learners by allowing them to learn from arbitrary texts of their choice, and by creating exercises that engage them in active production of language — rather than in passive memorization of material. Continuous automatic assessment helps guide the learner toward improved fluency. We believe that providing such AI-based tools will help bring these languages to the forefront of the modern digital age, raise prestige, and encourage the younger generations to become involved in reversal of language decline.
Semantic National Biography of Finland
Authors: Hyvönen Eero , Leskinen Petri , Tamper Minna , Tuominen Jouni , Keravuori Kirsi
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the vision of publishing and utilizing textual biographies as Linked (Open) Data on the Semantic Web. As a case study, we publish the live stories of the National Biography of Finland, created by the Finnish Literature Society, as semantic, i.e., machine “understandable” metadata in a SPARQL endpoint using the Linked Data Finland (LDF.fi) service. On top of the data service various Digital Humanities applications are built. The applications include searching and studying individual personal histories as well as historical research of groups of persons using methods of prosopography. The biographical data is enriched by extracting events from unstructured and semi-structured texts, and by linking entities internally and to external data sources. A faceted semantic search engine is provided for filtering groups of people from the data for prosopographical research. An extension of the event-based CIDOC CRM ontology is used as the underlying data model, where lives are seen as chains of interlinked events populated from the data of the biographies and additional data sources, such as museum collections, library databases, and archives.
Virtual Museums and Cultural Heritage
Authors: Povroznik Nadezhda
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the role of virtual museums as info rmation resources for preserving and promoting cultural heritage. The focus is on strategies for the preservation, documentation and representation of historical and cultural heritage including addressing challenges associated with historical sources and their organization and support. Issues related to searching for resources related to virtual museums, their aggregation and documentation are also discussed. Digitalhistory.ru is highlighted as one solution to organizing information about virtual museums and their content on the basis of the resource-aggregation of information resources of historical and cultural heritage.
Aalto Observatory for Digital Valuation Systems
Authors: Huttunen Jenni , Joutsenvirta Maria , Nikander Pekka
Published: October 2024

Money is a recognised factor in creating sustainable, affluent societies. Yet, the neoclassical orthodoxy that prevails in our economic thinking remains as a contested area, its supporters claiming their results to be objectively true while many heterodox economists claim the whole system to stand on clay feet. Of late, the increased activity around complementary currencies suggest that the fiat money zeitgeist might be giving away to more variety in our monetary system. Rather than emphasizing what money does, as the main-stream economists do, other fields of science allow us to approach money as an integral part of the hierarchies and networks of exchange through which it circulates. This paper suggests that a broad understanding of money and more variety in monetary system have great potentials to further a more equalitarian and sustainable economy. They can drive the extension of society to more inclusive levels and transform people’s economic roles and identities in the process. New technologies, including blockchain and smart ledger technology are able to support decentralized money creation through the use of shared and “open” peer-to-peer rewarding and IOU systems. Alongside of specialists and decision makers’ capabilities, our project most pressingly calls for engaging citizens into the process early on. Multidisciplinary competencies are needed to take relevant action to investigate, envision and foster novel ways for value creation. For this, we are forming the Aalto Observatory on Digital Valuation Systems to gain deeper understandings of sustainable value creation structures enabled by new technology.
PARTHENOS
Authors: Bassett Sheena
Published: October 2024

PARTHENOS supported by two ERICs from the Humanities and Arts sector, DARIAH and CLARIN, along with ARIADNE, EHRI, CENDARI, E-RIHS and IPERION-CH will deliver guidelines, standards, methods, pooled services and tools to be used by its partners and all the research community. Four broad research communities are addressed – History, Linguistic Studies, Archaeology, Heritage and Applied Disciplines and the Social Sciences. By identifying common needs, PARTHENOS will support cross disciplinary research and provide innovative solutions.By applying the FAIR data principles to structure the work on common policies and standards, the project has produced tools to assist researchers to find and apply the appropriate ones for their areas of interest which are described in this poster session. A virtual research environment will enable the discovery and use of data and tools and further support is provided with a set of online training modules.
Distinguishing Narration and Speech in Prose Fiction Dialogues
Authors: Ek Adam , Wirén Mats
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a supervised method for a novel task, namely, detecting elements of narration in passages of dialogue in prose fiction. The method achieves an F1-score of 80.8%, exceeding the best baseline by almost 33 percentage points. The purpose of the method is to enable a more fine-grained analysis of fictional dialogue than has previously been possible, and to provide a component for the further analysis of narrative structure in general.
Investigating visual prosody using articulography
Authors: Frid Johan , Svensson Lundmark Malin , Ambrazaitis Gilbert , Schötz Susanne , House David
Published: October 2024

In this paper we describe present work on multimodal prosody by means of simultaneous recordings of articulation and head movements. Earlier work has explored patterning, usage and machine-learning based detection of focal pitch accents, head beats and eyebrow beats through audiovisual recordings. Kinematic data obtained through articulography allows for more comparable and accurate measurements, as well as three-dimensional data. Therefore, our current approach involves examining speech and body movements concurrently, using electromagnetic articulography (EMA). We have recorded large amounts of this kind of data previously, but for other purposes. In this paper, we present results from a study on the interplay between head movements and phrasing and find tendencies for upward movements occuring before and downward movements occuring after prosodic boundaries.
Digitization of Konkani Texts, and their Transliteration
Authors: Tukaram Gaonkar Palia , Rafael Fernandes Andre
Published: October 2024

Konkani is the official language of the state of Goa, located on the western coast of India. This language has faced many political threats such as four hundred and fifty years of Portuguese colonization and contention with Marathi in order to be recognised as the official language, post-Liberation in 1961. It finally entered the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India in 1992. These hardships have diversified the nature of Konkani. It is spoken in several dialects in the state of Goa and elsewhere, and is written in five different scripts, owing to the migration of Konkani people from Goa over the centuries. There are Konkani communities in the neighbouring states of Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra, which are heavily influenced by the dominant local culture. Hence, Konkani is written in Devanagari, Roman, Kannada, Malayalam and Per-so-Arabic scripts. This phenomenon creates a linguistic and literary gap in the community of Konkani speakers. Persistent efforts to bridge the gap have been made, and one of them is by taking the assistance of technology. The World Konkani Centre situated in Mangalore, Karnataka, has developed a transliteration tool, Konkanverter, which transliterates Unicode text between four of the five writing systems of Konkani, namely Devanagari, Roman, Kannada and Malayalam. This paper reports the attempts to digitize, and trans-literate an available performance play text in Konkani, from one script to another. It also explores digitization as a way of preserving Konkani texts in multi-script formats.
Creating an Atlas over Handwritten Script Signs
Authors: Hast Anders , Mårtensson Lasse , Vats Ekta , Heil Raphaela
Published: October 2024

A framework for interactive visualization of script characteristics, as present in the form of handwritten letters, is proposed in this work. The basic idea behind this investigation is to lay the foundations for creating a comprehensive atlas over letter forms extracted from a large collection of handwritten documents, with minimal human guidance. The visualization of the results is based on the atlas metaphor and uses the t-SNE visualization method for creating island-like clusters that can be investigated using the proposed visualization framework. By changing a scale parameter one can investigate the dataset on different levels, i.e different sizes of the clusters.
International collaboration and Finland in the early years of computer-assisted history research
Authors: Paju Petri
Published: October 2024

This paper studies Finnish historians’ contact and collaboration with their colleagues in neighboring countries from the late 1960s until the early 1980s, focusing on exchanges concerning the use of computers for historical research. Computers were used by some historians in the Soviet Union, in particular Soviet Estonia, as well as in Sweden and other Nordic countries. With the former, historians in Finland organized regular symposiums starting in 1971; and with the latter, Finnish historians completed joint Nordic research projects during the 1970s. Both forms of collaboration resulted in a stream of publications. Further exchanges took place at seminars and Nordic conferences. The approach in this study is transnational, and the paper argues that this approach helps us understand better the deep roots of Nordic collaboration in the early digital humanities, and more broadly, the spread and circulation of humanities computing internationally.
Tracking Attitudes Towards Immigration in Swedish Media
Authors: Rouces Jacobo , Borin Lars , Tahmasebi Nina
Published: October 2024

We use a gold standard under construction for sentiment analysis in Swedish to explore how attitudes towards immigration change across time and media. We track the evolution of attitude starting from the year 2000 for three different Swedish media: the national newspapers Aftonbladet and Svenska Dagbladet, representing different halves of the left–right political spectrum, and the online forum Flashback.
First steps towards text profiling for speech synthesis
Authors: Tånnander Christina , Edlund Jens
Published: October 2024

We discuss an important yet under-studied domain of language and speech research: spoken text. Spoken text is language that was originally produced as text, then presented to recipients as speech. From a research perspective, this domain warrants special treatment, and we propose a classification that affords a structured approach based on a division of a linguistic message to be investigated into a primary (original) and secondary (studied) form. Secondly, we present the MTM Read Aloud corpus (MTM-RAC), a Swedish text and speech corpus built on in excess of 10,000 books. The corpus is closed access due to copyright restrictions on the material, but the methods developed and the results of our work on the corpus are available for use with similar corpora. MTM-RAC is designed with spoken text in mind and contains texts that have been read aloud in order to produce talking books, either by a human or using speech synthesis (i.e. text-to-speech) and the corresponding sound files. Finally, as the main purpose of the corpus is to explore and evaluate different aspects of text profiling for the purpose of reading aloud, we present first insights into this kind of profiling, based on experiments carried out on the corpus.
Subject Indexing
Authors: Bergenmar Jenny , Golub Koraljka
Published: October 2024

Despite a growing number of digital LGBTQI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, queer, intersex) history archives, and research-driven digital LGBTQI initiatives, queer perspectives have not been prominent in the digital humanities. Furthermore, investigations of LGBTQI in literary history is hampered by the fact that, to date, there are no broad scholarly inventories of such literature. Due to the absence of exhaustive bibliographies, scholars need to perform time-consuming, human reading of individual works and imprecise searches in order to locate LGBTQI motifs and themes. Research on subject indexing has also revealed that controlled vocabularies in use are too general to describe LGBTQI themes, motifs, and characters in a relevant manner. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how LGBTQI literature can be made more searchable, and more visible through the development of a quality-controlled subject specific database (QUEERLIT database) in which specialized subject indexing is applied. Methodological challenges pertaining to indexing of queer literary texts with implicit LGBTQI motifs are discussed, as well as theoretical considerations raised when assigning certain contemporary subjects to historical texts.
Inheriting Digital Projects
Authors: Evensen Nina Marie
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses the challenge of managing digital projects on a long-term scale. In most digital projects there is no strategic plan for the afterlife and maintenance of the project results, leaving them to an uncertain fate. This can be illustrated by the inherited digital resources hosted by the Centre for Ibsen Studies at the University of Oslo, and the challenges they represent when it comes to functionality and maintenance. Due to the rapidly increasing number of digital projects, many institutions will be asking the same questions as we do: How do we keep digital resources alive and up to date in a continuously changing digital reality?
Óravíddir
Authors: Jónsdóttir Eva María , Jónsson Jón Hilmar , Dagsson Trausti
Published: October 2024

This paper describes an interactive exhibition about the vocabulary of the Icelandic language. The exhibition is called Óravíddir – Orðaforðinn í nýju ljósi (e. Vastness – The Vocabulary in a New Light) and was opened at the Culture House in Reykjavík, a part of The National Museum of Iceland in May 2019. The exhibition used data from the word database Íslenskt orðanet (The Icelandic Word Web) and illustrates semantic relations between words in a threedimensional visualization. The paper introduces Íslenskt orðanet followed by a description on how the data was used to create the network graph visualization. Then we discuss the setup of the exhibition and finally we conclude by reflecting on future possibilities and further development.