bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural transformation of Portuguese exports and the role of foreign-owned firms: a descriptive analysis for the period 1995-2005
Authors: De Freitas Miguel Lebre , Mamede Ricardo Paes
Published: March 2014

In this paper we use a recent measure of the “income level of a country’s exports” proposed by Hausmann et al. (2007) to characterize the structure of the Portuguese export basket, its recent evolution and the role of foreign-owned firms in this process. We find that between 1995 and 2005 the improvement in the “income content” of the Portuguese export basket relative to the world average was achieved through an above-average “structural transformation effect” that more than offset a bellow-average effect of having a significant share of products exposed to an increasing competition from emerging economies. We find that the weight of exports with “high” and “very high” income content increased considerably in this period, with these two classes explaining more than one half of the total export growth. Analysing the presence of foreign-owned firms in different industries, we find a higher than average share of foreign affiliated firms in products with “High” and “Very High” income content. These and other pieces of evidence suggest that foreign-owned firms have played a relevant role both in the growth of Portuguese exports and in the increase of their income content.
The scientific contribution of Leonor Vasconcelos Ferreira
Authors: Teixeira Aurora A. C. , Silva Sandra , Teixeira Pedro
Published: March 2014

Despite her sadly short academic life, Leonor Vasconcelos Ferreira has left us a set of publications of noticeable scientific quality and explicitly social relevance, focusing on the study and measurement of poverty and income inequality. The present article briefly summarises the outcome of her work and the concerns underpinning it.
Monetary poverty, material deprivation and consistent poverty in Portugal
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos Farinha , Andrade Isabel
Published: March 2014

In this paper we use the Portuguese component of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) to develop a measure of consistent poverty in Portugal. It is widely agreed that being poor does not simply mean not having enough monetary resources. It also reflects a lack of access to the resources required to enjoy a minimum standard of living and participation in the society one belongs to. The coexistence of material deprivation and monetary poverty leads to the concept of consistent poverty. The assessment of material deprivation and the identification of the households and individuals living in consistent poverty could become essential parts of the national anti-poverty strategy and crucial instruments in the definition of the target groups in social policy.
Paul Krugman's triple doctorate
Authors: De Macedo Jorge Braga
Published: March 2014

Paul Krugman's triple doctorate
Economista militante
Authors: De Macedo Jorge Braga
Published: March 2014

Economista militante
Economics in the crisis
Authors: Krugman Paul
Published: March 2014

Economics in the crisis
Labour consumption models applied to motor-manual pre-commercial thinning in Finland
Authors: Uotila Karri , Saksa Timo , Rantala Juho , Kiljunen Nuutti
Published: March 2014

Labour models were developed to estimate the time required to Pre-Commercially Thin (PCT) with a clearing saw 4- to 20-year-old stands of the main commercial tree species in Finland. Labour (i.e., work-time consumption) was estimated from the density and stem diameter of the removal of 448 stands via an existing work productivity function. The removal based estimator attained was used as the basis for a priori mixed linear regression models. The main finding was that when a young stand grows and gets older, the work time needed to make a PCT increases. The stands of Norway spruce ( (L.) Karst.), Scots pine ( L.) and hardwoods ( spp.) required an additional 8.2%, 5.2%, and 3.3% work-time per year, respectively. Site fertility also played a role in that the most fertile site (mesic OMT) had an estimated labour requirement 114% higher than that for dryish VT. We also note that, per unit area, small stands require less labour than large ones and soil preparation method had a minor effect on the labour estimate. The stands which had previously gone through PCT were separately analysed. In those stands, the only significant variable concerning the labour estimate was age. The a priori models described here can help foresters to develop economic management programmes and issue quotes for forestry services.Picea abiesPinus sylvestrisBetula
Felicidade Hedónica e Eudaimónica: um estudo com adolescentes portugueses
Authors: Freire Teresa , Zenhas Filipa , Tavares Dionísia , Iglésias Catarina
Published: March 2014

O presente estudo pretendeu explorar as conceções de felicidade de adolescentes portugueses, os aspetos mais significativos das suas vidas e os fatores que os justificam; perceber os níveis de significado em vários domínios de vida e o impacto destes na felicidade e significado em geral.Foi utilizado o Eudaimonic and Hedonic Happiness Investigation (EHHI; Delle Fave, Brdar, Freire, Vella-Brodrick, & Wissing, 2011) que permite aceder, qualitativa e quantitativamente, aos compo - nentes hedónicos e eudaimónicos da Felicidade. Participaram no estudo 216 adolescentes, com média de idade de 16.6 anos (DP=1.2), sendo 68,5% do sexo feminino e 31,5% do sexo masculino.Os resultados qualitativos mostraram que as definições de felicidade, de significado, bem como os motivos subjacentes à atribuição de significado englobam quer dimensões psicológicas quer aspetos relacionados com domínios de vida, integrando componentes hedónicos e eudaimónicos. Já os resultados quantitativos permitiram perceber que a felicidade e o significado contribuem de forma diferenciada mas complementar para o bem-estar.Estes resultados são discutidos à luz das perspetivas hedónica e eudaimónica, vigentes no estudo do bem-estar, contribuindo para uma compreensão holística dos vários componentes que contribuem e que estão envolvidos na Felicidade de adolescentes.
Práticas atuais e ideais em intervenção precoce no Alentejo: Perceções dos profissionais
Authors: Augusto Helena , Aguiar Cecília , Carvalho Leonor
Published: March 2014

Com este estudo, pretendeu-se compreender as percecoes que os profissionais das equipas locais de intervencao do Alentejo tem em relacao as suas praticas tipicas e as praticas que consideram ideais. Participaram 167 profissionais de 25 equipas de Portalegre, Evora, Beja e Alentejo Litoral. A recolha de dados foi realizada com base no Questionario aos Profissionais de Intervencao Precoce na Infancia (IPI) e na Escala de Avaliacao de Servicos: Familias em Contextos Naturais (McWilliam, 2000/2008). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, (1) existem diferencas entre as percecoes dos profissionais em relacao as praticas tipicas e as praticas ideais; (2) nao existem diferencas na percecao dos mesmos profissionais em relacao as praticas tipicas e as praticas ideais, em funcao das variaveis idade, tempo de experiencia profissional em IPI, formacao de base e formacao complementar; e (3) existem diferencas entre as percecoes dos profissionais em relacao as praticas tipicas, em funcao das suas percecoes acerca do tipo de funcionamento da equipa, com os profissionais que caracterizam a equipa como transdisciplinar a relatar praticas tipicas mais proximas das praticas recomendadas. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de promover a transdisciplinaridade das equipas de IPI bem como a qualidade das suas praticas.
Perturbações de comportamento externalizante em idade pré-escolar: O caso específico da perturbação de oposição
Authors: Homem Tatiana Carvalho , Gaspar Maria Filomena , Azevedo Andreia Fernandes , Canavarro Maria Cristina
Published: March 2014

As Perturbações de Comportamento Externalizante são uma das principais razões pelas quais as crianças em idade pré-escolar são encaminhadas para os serviços de saúde mental. No entanto, não há ainda consenso relativamente ao diagnóstico destas perturbações nesta faixa etária. Com a presente revisão da literatura, pretende-se contribuir para uma caraterização geral das Perturbações de Comportamento Externalizante, designadamente da Perturbação de Oposição, em idade pré-escolar, bem como refletir sobre as dificuldades de diagnóstico nesta faixa etária e sobre as diferentes trajetórias desenvolvimentais envolvidas na emergência destas perturbações. É ainda nosso objetivo identificar os principais fatores etiológicos implicados na sua origem e lançar algumas pistas para futuras investigações.
Desenho e Avaliação de Programas de Desenvolvimento de Competências Parentais para Pais Negligentes: Uma revisão e reflexão
Authors: Camilo Cláudia , Garrido Margarida Vaz
Published: March 2014

A negligência parental tem surgido associada à falta de competência dos pais para educar, supervisionar e responder às necessidades dos filhos menores, colocando em risco o seu bem-estar. O presente artigo apresenta um breve enquadramento do fenómeno da negligência parental, sua prevalência e relevância social no contexto nacional. São ainda apresentadas algumas definições de negligência, referidos alguns dos seus modelos teóricos de enquadramento e os principais fatores de proteção e de risco associados. Em seguida descrevemos brevemente um conjunto de programas de intervenção com famílias negligentes desenvolvidos e aplicados em contexto nacional. Esta análise indica que são ainda escassos os programas que apresentam um quadro teórico de referência específico, metodologias e estratégicas bem definidas e ainda mais raros os que utilizam desenhos de avaliação que permitem aferir adequadamente a sua eficácia. No final do artigo, e com base na literatura e nos programas analisados, procuramos sistematizar um modelo geral de intervenção neste contexto e apresentar algumas propostas relativas à estrutura e conteúdo dos programas de formação parental bem como às metodologias e procedimentos de desenho e de avaliação dos seus resultados.
Aprendizagem social e emocional: Reflexões sobre a teoria e a prática na escola portuguesa
Authors: Costa Ana , Faria Luísa
Published: March 2014

Conseguirá a Escola atual potenciar a aprendizagem social e emocional dos alunos? No quadro de um estudo exploratório qualitativo, partiu-se da análise do discurso de 12 docentes, na maioria do sexo feminino (75%), com idades compreendidas entre 32 e 57 anos (M=44,3; DP=8,95), dos quais 50% leciona ou já lecionou disciplinas de desenvolvimento social e emocional, com o objetivo de contribuir para a compreensão do papel da Escola na promoção de competências sociais e emocionais dos alunos no ensino secundário. Construído de raiz para este estudo, administrou-se um questionário com questões abertas que explorava as perceções dos docentes sobre a importância destas áreas, as estratégias adotadas na sua promoção e a perspetiva sobre as atuais alterações curriculares no contexto português. Os resultados foram analisados com o programa NVivo 8. Globalmente, apesar do reconhecimento implícito da importância destas áreas, evidenciado pelos participantes, e do investimento em estratégias curriculares e extracurriculares na sua promoção, a aprendizagem social e emocional carece ainda de redefinição e de valorização enquanto objetivo particular da função da Escola, de forma a tornar-se uma realidade para todos os alunos e, assim, contribuir para promover e ancorar o desenvolvimento cognitivo no quadro de um desenvolvimento global mais harmonioso.
O impacto dos estilos educativos parentais e do desenvolvimento vocacional no rendimento escolar de adolescentes
Authors: Prata Ana , Barbosa-Ducharne Maria , Gonçalves Carlos , Cruz Orlanda
Published: March 2014

Compreender a complexidade da problemática do in/sucesso e/ou do abandono escolar, tem sido uma das preocupações dominantes da investigação nas últimas décadas, sendo não só objeto do interesse geral, como também tem vindo a municiar os discursos críticos em relação à dita escola de massas. Neste sentido, a presente investigação incide na análise dos preditores familiares e individuais do rendimento escolar de adolescentes. Participaram neste estudo 222 adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 16 anos, que frequentavam o 9º ano de escolaridade. Os dados foram recolhidos em escolas secundárias, através do Questionário de Estilos Educativos Parentais e da Escala de Exploração e Investimento Vocacional. O nível de escolaridade das mães, a monitorização parental e o investimento vocacional revelaram-se preditores do rendimento escolar. Os resultados são discutidos à luz de uma abordagem psicossocial sendo retiradas implicações para a intervenção psicológica.
Thermopile-IR-Arrays mit höchstem Auflösungsvermögen
Authors: Herrmann Frank , Forg Bodo , Schieferdecker Jörg , Leneke Wilhelm , Simon Marion
Published: March 2014

Thermopile-Sensor-Arrays sind eine kostengünstige Alternative für
die Aufnahme von Wärmebildern mit geringeren Anforderungen an die
räumliche Auflösung. Durch Einführung neuer
Herstellungstechnologien, insbesondere einer modifizierten monolithischen
CMOS-Technologie mit geringen Strukturgrößen und strukturgenauer
Oberflächenmikromechanik, ist es möglich geworden, Thermopilearrays
mit Auflösungen von derzeit bis zu 3968 Bildpunkten herzustellen.
Neuartige Verpackungstechnologien mit Gasen geringer
Wärmeleitfähigkeit führen zu erhöhten
Sensitivitätswerten von 400 V/W. Mit der Einführung von
Vakuumgehäusen konnten sogar Sensitivitätswerte von 800 V/W gemessen
werden.
Echtzeitspektroskopie von Ferninfrarotstrahlung zur Strahldiagnose an Linearbeschleunigern
Authors: Schmidt Bernhard , Wesch Stephan
Published: March 2014

Freie-Elektronen-Laser für den Röntgenbereich, in denen ein
hochenergetischer Elektronenstrahl als Lasermedium dient, erfordern
Strahlparameter weit jenseits denen herkömmlicher
Beschleunigeranlagen. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist hierbei die Länge
der relativistisch beschleunigten Elektronenpakete („bunche“), die
in speziellen Magnetanordnungen auf deutlich unter 100 μm
komprimiert werden. Dabei werden für einige 100 fs Spitzenströme im
kA-Bereich erzeugt. Durch diverse Prozesse kann die Abstrahlung von
breitbandiger Infrarotstrahlung im Millimeter- bis Mikrometerbereich
erzwungen werden. Die Intensität und die spektrale Zusammensetzung
dieser Strahlung geben Auskunft über das Stromprofil der
Elektronenpakete. In den letzten Jahren wurden erhebliche Fortschritte
erzielt, diese Strahlung spektral aufgelöst zu messen und somit
leistungsfähige Methoden zur Überwachung des Beschleunigungs- und
Kompressionsprozesses bereitzustellen.
Role of iron overload-induced macrophage apoptosis in the pathogenesis of peritoneal endometriosis
Authors: Pirdel Leila , Pirdel Manijeh
Published: March 2014

This article presents an overview of the involvement of iron overload-induced nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in apoptosis of peritoneal macrophages of women with endometriosis. We have postulated that the peritoneal iron overload originated from retrograde menstruation or bleeding lesions in the ectopic endometrium, which may contribute to the development of endometriosis by a wide range of mechanisms, including oxidative damage and chronic inflammation. Excessive NO production may also be associated with impaired clearance of endometrial cells by macrophages, which promotes cell growth in the peritoneal cavity. Therefore, further research of the mechanisms and consequences of macrophage apoptosis in endometriosis helps discover novel therapeutic strategies that are designed to prevent progression of endometriosis.
True posttraumatic radial artery aneurysm
Authors: Gabriel Sthefano Atique , Abreu Marcia Fayad Marcondes de , Abreu Guilherme Camargo Goncalves de , Simoes Claudio Roberto Cabrini , Chrispim Antonio Claudio Guedes , Camargo Junior Otacilio de
Published: March 2014

Radial artery aneurysms are rare and mostly secondary to traumatic events (posttraumatic pseudoaneurysms). Radial artery aneurysms should be treated due to the high risk of embolization, thrombosis, and compression of adjacent nerves. The authors describe a case of a 49-year-old patient complaining of a progressively growing tumor in the left wrist after a dog bite. The tumor proved to be a true posttraumatic aneurysm. Treatment consisted of removal of the aneurysm sac and ligation of the radial artery.
Prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in patients with paraplegia caused by traumas
Authors: Mesquita Junior Nelson , Kingerski Flavia Natalia Marques , Marioto Giovana Liz , Viegas Fabio Alex Fonseca , Mesquita Suzelaine Fidelis da Silva , Perreto Sonia
Published: March 2014

BACKGROUND: Deep vein thrombosis is a common disease among people who are immobilized. Immobility is inherent to paraplegia and leads to venous stasis, which is one of the factors covered by Virchow's triad describing its development. Trauma is the primary cause of paraplegia and is currently increasing at a rate of 4% per year. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in paraplegic patients whose paraplegia was caused by traumas, using color Doppler ultrasonography for diagnosis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study of 30 trauma-induced paraplegia patients, selected after analysis of medical records at the neurosurgery department of a University Hospital in Curitiba, Brazil, and by a proactive survey of associations that care for the physically disabled. The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis was analyzed using 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Spinal cord trauma was the cause of paraplegia in 29 patients. The most common cause of trauma was gunshot wounding, reported by 17 patients. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography in 14 patients in the sample. The most often affected vein was the posterior tibial, in 11 patients. The left lower limb was involved three times more often than the right. Edema was observed in 25 individuals, cyanosis in 14, ulcers in 8 and localized increase in temperature in 13. CONCLUSIONS: Deep vein thrombosis was prevalent, occurring in 46.7% of the patients.
Emergency embolization after resection of a laryngeal Schwannoma
Authors: Oliveira Fabio Augusto Cypreste , Amorelli Carlos Eduardo de Sousa , Campedelli Fabio Lemos , Sales Werther , Amorelli Maria Cunha Ribeiro , Barreto Juliana Caetano , Barreto Mariana Caetano , Silva Philippe Moreira da
Published: March 2014

Schwannoma is a rare cause of benign tumors of the larynx. The first-choice treatment is surgical resection. The objective of this paper is to report on a rare case of a young female patient who suffered severe intraoperative hemorrhaging during surgical resection of a laryngeal Schwannoma and needed emergency embolization.
Investigation of postural edema in the lower extremities of traffic control workers
Authors: Brito Ana Paula Nunes Pereira , Rodrigues Etria , Vianna Denise Loureiro , Fernandes Susi Mary de Souza
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of postural edema and investigate whether working posture - sitting down or standing up - affect its frequency. METHODS: Sixteen traffic control agents were assessed by water displacement volumetry and the results were analyzed in two groups, depending on working posture. Those who worked standing up for more than 4 hours were allocated to the SU group and those who worked sitting down for more than 4 hours were allocated to the SD group. Each worker was assessed before and after their working shift for three consecutive days. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the test of equality of two proportions. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. The assessment showed that members of both groups had postural edema of the lower extremities (p ≤ 0.001). RESULTS: When the frequency of postural edema was compared across groups, a trend was observed for greater edema formation in the SU group than in the SD group, although without statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that traffic control agents suffer postural edema after 4 hours working in either of the postures investigated although with a predominance of edema formation among those who work standing up.
Modulation of Regulatory T-Cell Subsets in Very Long-Term Treated Aviremic HIV+ Patients and Untreated Viremic Patients
Authors: Serana Federico , Chiarini Marco , Quiros-Roldan Eugenia , Gotti Daria , Zanotti Cinzia , Sottini Alessandra , Bertoli Diego , Caimi Luigi , Imberti Luisa
Published: March 2014

Naïve, central- and effector-like memory regulatory T cells (Tregs) were evaluated in untreated and long-term antiretroviral-treated HIV+ patients that showed comparable CD4+ cell levels, while being, respectively, viremic and aviremic. In the untreated patients, the percentage of naïve-like Tregs was significantly increased to the detriment of central memory regulatory T cells. This redistribution of regulatory Treg subsets may contribute to explain the partially preserved CD4+ cell counts seen in these patients despite the ongoing viremia. On the contrary, in the long-term treated patients, the percentages of Treg subsets were similar to those of healthy donors, demonstrating a restored Treg homeostasis. The characterization of Treg subsets, rather than an evaluation of the total Treg population, may lead to a deeper understanding of the Treg role in HIV infection and therapy.
Oxidative carbonylation of phenol to diphenyl carbonate by Pd/MFe2O4 magnetic catalyst
Authors: Zhang Linfeng , Ji Jun , Wu Yuanxin
Published: March 2014

In order to screen one suitable catalyst for magnetically stabilized
fluidized bed (MSFB) reactor in the process of oxidative carbonylation of
phenol to diphenyl carbonate (DPC), Pd/MFe2O4 catalysts were chosen, then
prepared and characterized by XRD, H2-TPR, XPS and VSM (Vibrating Sample
Magnetometer). Compared to the other metal ion doped spinel ferrite
catalysts, the catalytic activity of Pd/MnFe2O4 was much higher, which the
single pass yield of DPC reached 33.12% with selectivity above 99%, and TOF
(turnover frequency) reached 70.56molDPC?(molPd?h)-1.The result showed that
the formation of the ferrite oxygen-deficient and ion transference in the
ferrites was in favor of the catalytic activity. When the support MnFe2O4
was calcinated at 500?C, the saturation magnetization of the obtained
catalyst Pd/MnFe2O4 came up to 43.1 A?m2?kg-1. With good magnetic property
and brilliant catalytic activity the catalyst Pd/MnFe2O4 may suite for
industrial experiments in MSFB reactor in future.
Efficacy of the Responsive Classroom Approach
Authors: Rimm-Kaufman Sara E. , Larsen Ross A. A. , Baroody Alison E. , Curby Timothy W. , Ko Michelle , Thomas Julia B. , Merritt Eileen G. , Abry Tashia , DeCoster Jamie
Published: March 2014

This randomized controlled field trial examined the efficacy of the Responsive Classroom ( RC) approach on student achievement. Schools ( n = 24) were randomized into intervention and control conditions; 2,904 children were studied from end of second to fifth grade. Students at schools assigned to the RC condition did not outperform students at schools assigned to the control condition in math or reading achievement. Use of RC practices mediated the relation between treatment assignment and improved math and reading achievement. Effect sizes (ES) were calculated as standardized coefficients. ES relations between use of RC practices and achievement were .26 for math and .30 for reading. The RC practices and math achievement relation was greater for students with low initial math achievement (ES = .89). Results emphasize fidelity of implementation.
Floral morphology and seed yield in two Indigofera spp. as affected by shoot clipping
Authors: Jahan S , Sarwar AKM Golam , Hossain MA , Fakir MSA
Published: March 2014

An experiment was carried out to know the effect of shoot clipping on floral morphology and seed yield in two Indigofera spp. viz. I. tinctoria L. and I. suffruticosa Mill. All parts of shoot including the main stem were clipped at 60 cm height from the base at 120 days after sowing (DAS). At 120 DAS, I. tinctoria already exhibited 1st flowering while I. suffruticosa showed no flowering. Shoot clipping had significant effect on almost all floral morphological features in two Indigofera spp. Flower raceme?1 and pod raceme?1 were fewer in clipped plant than in unclipped one. Shoot clipping altered the size of different floral parts to a great extent. The seed yield was decreased in clipped plant than that of unclipped one. Shoot clipping decreased flower and pod size and seed yield in two Indigofera spp. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18214 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 61-66, 2013
Identification of Iron rich rice genotypes in Bangladesh using chemical analysis
Authors: Jahan GS , Hassan L , Begum SN , Islam SN
Published: March 2014

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop of the developing world and the staple food of more than half the global population. An experiment was carried out to identify the iron rich rice genotypes. Total fifty two rice genotypes were used for this purpose. Iron (Fe) content of rice grain samples was determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). In this process the samples were digested by the application of di-acid mixture which includes nitric acid (HNO3): and perchloric acid (HClO4) in 2:1 ratio. Iron content was estimated in the aliquot of seed extract by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) at 248.33 nm. Iron concentration ranged from 1.32 ppm (Jota Balam) to 100.45 ppm (Lal Gotal). Among the 52 genotypes local landraces had showed the highest Fe content. In this experiment, ANOVA table revealed that significant variation was found among the genotypes for the iron concentration. This suggested that there were inherent genetic differences among the genotypes. Thus, local landraces can be a good source for biofortification of popular rice cultivars using different breeding methods. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18216 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 73-78, 2013
Evaluation of doxycycline sensitivity in vitro against Babesia gibsoni by Real Time-PCR
Authors: Talukder MH , Matsuu A , Hikasa Y
Published: March 2014

Doxycycline sensitivity against in vitro cultured Babesia gibsoni was evaluated by real-time PCR and parasitemia. The culture of B. gibsoni was successfully continued and mean parasitemia was 4.63% when in vitro drug sensitivity test was started. The drug sensitivity test by the real-time PCR calculated the gene copy number from cultured sample. Even if the complete growth inhibition was at certain concentration, the genomic DNA might remain in existence. The results revealed that the doses of doxycycline 8?M, 16 ?M, 32 ?M and 64 ?M of both real-time PCR and parasitemia inhibited the growth of B. gibsoni in a dose-dependent manner at 96 h and 144 h. We determined the IC50 of doxycycline 17.9 ?M at 96 h and 13.8 ?M at 144 h after treatment using real-time PCR. Morphological observation revealed that the number of parasites decreased per erythrocyte and line shaped parasites increased in erythrocytes with the increased concentration of doxycycline. Doxycycline effectively inhibits the growth of B. gibsoni in vitro. Therefore, doxycycline can be used to treat B. gibsoni infection. Further studies are important to know the doxycycline resistance in B. gibsoni. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18219 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 97-102, 2013
Drying tea in a kilburn vibro fluid bed dryer
Authors: Akhtaruzzaman M , Ali MR , Rahman MM , Ahamed MS
Published: March 2014

The fluidized bed drying principles for drying of tea in Bangladesh is thoroughly studied. The experiments were conducted to determine the drying curve, drying time, drying constant and dynamic equilibrium moisture contents of tea at the Bangladesh Tea Research Institute. Drying of tea in a fluidized bed dryer (Kilburn Vibro Fluid Bed Dryer) takes only 20 min for drying from an initial moisture content of 69.1% to a final moisture content of 2.8%. Temperatures of drying air were recorded to be 130°C at the inlet and 90°C at the outlet. The drying constant was found to be 31.05 h-1 and the dynamic equilibrium moisture contents were in the range of 18.3 to 2.0%. Finally the principle of fluidized bed drying was compared with the principle of conventional endless chain pressure type drying. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18227 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 153-158, 2013
Improvement in the Lifetime of Planar Organic Photovoltaic Cells through the Introduction of MoO3 into Their Cathode Buffer Layers
Authors: Cattin Linda , Morsli Mustapha , Bernède Jean
Published: March 2014

Recently, MoO3, which is typically used as an anode buffer layer in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVCs), has also been used as a cathode buffer layer (CBL). Here, we check its efficiency as a CBL using a planar heterojunction based on the CuPc/C60 couple. The CBL is a bi-layer tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3)/MoO3. We show that the OPVC with MoO3 in its CBL almost immediately exhibits lower efficiency than those using Alq3 alone. Nevertheless, the OPVCs increase their efficiency during the first five to six days of air exposure. We explain this evolution of the efficiency of the OPVCs over time through the variation in the MoO3 work function due to air contamination. By comparison to a classical OPVC using a CBL containing only Alq3, if it is found that the initial efficiency of the latter is higher, this result is no longer the same after one week of exposure to ambient air. Indeed, this result is due to the fact that the lifetime of the cells is significantly increased by the presence of MoO3 in the CBL.
Information Integration Platform for Patient-Centric Healthcare Services: Design, Prototype and Dependability Aspects
Authors: Dafferianto Trinugroho Yohanes
Published: March 2014

Technology innovations have pushed today’s healthcare sector to an unprecedented new level. Various portable and wearable medical and fitness devices are being sold in the consumer market to provide the self-empowerment of a healthier lifestyle to society. Many vendors provide additional cloud-based services for devices they manufacture, enabling the users to visualize, store and share the gathered information through the Internet. However, most of these services are integrated with the devices in a closed “silo” manner, where the devices can only be used with the provided services. To tackle this issue, an information integration platform (IIP) has been developed to support communications between devices and Internet-based services in an event-driven fashion by adopting service-oriented architecture (SOA) principles and a publish/subscribe messaging pattern. It follows the “Internet of Things” (IoT) idea of connecting everyday objects to various networks and to enable the dissemination of the gathered information to the global information space through the Internet. A patient-centric healthcare service environment is chosen as the target scenario for the deployment of the platform, as this is a domain where IoT can have a direct positive impact on quality of life enhancement. This paper describes the developed platform, with emphasis on dependability aspects, including availability, scalability and security.
Spirobisnaphthalenes from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus Rhytidhysteron sp. AS21B
Authors: Pudhom Khanitha , Teerawatananond Thapong , Chookpaiboon Supichar
Published: March 2014

Three new spirobisnaphthalenes (1–3) were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus Rhytidhysteron sp., together with five known derivatives (4–8). The structures of the compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data, and the relative configurations of their stereogenic carbons were determined by a single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 3–5 displayed cytotoxicity against both cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and CaSki, while 2 was active only on CaSKi cells.
Phylogenetic Diversity and Biological Activity of Actinobacteria Isolated from the Chukchi Shelf Marine Sediments in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Yuan Meng , Yu Yong , Li Hui-Rong , Dong Ning , Zhang Xiao-Hua
Published: March 2014

Marine environments are a rich source of Actinobacteria and have the potential to produce a wide variety of biologically active secondary metabolites. In this study, we used four selective isolation media to culture Actinobacteria from the sediments collected from the Chukchi Shelf in the Arctic Ocean. A total of 73 actinobacterial strains were isolated. Based on repetitive DNA fingerprinting analysis, we selected 30 representatives for partial characterization according to their phylogenetic diversity, antimicrobial activities and secondary-metabolite biosynthesis genes. Results from the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the 30 strains could be sorted into 18 phylotypes belonging to 14 different genera: Agrococcus, Arsenicicoccus, Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Citricoccus, Janibacter, Kocuria, Microbacterium, Microlunatus, Nocardioides, Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora, Salinibacterium and Streptomyces. To our knowledge, this paper is the first report on the isolation of Microlunatus genus members from marine habitats. Of the 30 isolates, 11 strains exhibited antibacterial and/or antifungal activity, seven of which have activities against Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. All 30 strains have at least two biosynthetic genes, one-third of which possess more than four biosynthetic genes. This study demonstrates the significant diversity of Actinobacteria in the Chukchi Shelf sediment and their potential for producing biologically active compounds and novel material for genetic manipulation or combinatorial biosynthesis.
Unravelling the Complex Antimicrobial Interactions of Essential Oils — The Case of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme)
Authors: Ahmad Aijaz , Van Vuuren Sandy , Viljoen Alvaro
Published: March 2014

Thymus vulgaris has gained tremendous popularity as an ornamental, culinary herb and its use in phytotherapy is well established and supported in the literature. The objective of this study was to explore possible interactions between selected molecules within Thymus vulgaris essential oil (TvEO) to gain a better understanding of how this complex essential oil exerts its antimicrobial activity. Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy and interactions were assessed on the essential oil and volatile constituents against various pathogens. Interactions between molecules at various ratios were graphically observed through the construction of isobolograms. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed 22 compounds which collectively represent >95% of the oil composition. Based on their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, they were categorised into weak (≥4 mg mL−1), moderate (2–4 mg mL−1) and noteworthy active (≤2 mg mL−1) compounds. For the combination study, 21% synergistic, 42% additive, 36% indifferent and 1% antagonistic interactions were observed. Most of the interactions were observed between the weak and highly active molecules, and interestingly, no synergistic interaction was observed between the highly active compounds. Synergistic and additive interactions between the strong and weaker antimicrobial constituents present in TvEO enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of this commercially important essential oil.
Deux figures oubliées de l'art hoysaļa
Authors: Ladrech Karine , Loizeau Rachel
Published: March 2014

Cet article s'intéresse à deux personnages particulièrement populaires dans la sculpture hoysaḷa, représentés sur les murs de monuments śivaïtes aussi bien que viṣṇuïtes. Il s'agit d'une femme nue, parée de serpents, et d'un homme en manteau, coiffé d'un bonnet. Dotés tous deux d'une unique paire de bras, ils se partagent les mêmes attributs ; ils sont manifestement associés, même s'ils ne sont pas toujours figurés côte à côte. Ces deux figures ont connu, du XIIe au XIIIe siècle, une popularité croissante, apparaissant à grande échelle sur les murs de nombreux temples, et souvent à plusieurs reprises sur un même édifice. Elles ont ensuite progressivement sombré dans l'oubli. Sans pouvoir restituer leur identité précise, l'article revient sur les identifications qui ont été proposées (notamment Mohinī et Brahmahatyā pour la figure féminine, Dakşiņāmūrti pour l'homme au manteau), analysant le contexte et l'iconographie des représentations de ce couple énigmatique.
L'"Image des antiquités accumulées" de Ruan Yuan. La représentation d'une collection privée en Chine à l'époque pré-moderne
Authors: Lefebvre Éric
Published: March 2014

Résumé en japonais.
WO-GRID METHOD FOR BURGERS’ EQUATION BY A NEW MIXED FINITE ELEMENT SCHEME
Authors: Hu Xiaohui , Huang Pengzhan , Feng Xinlong
Published: March 2014

In this article, we present two-grid stable mixed finite element method for the 2D Burgers’ equation approximated by the -P1 pair which satisfies the inf–sup condition. This method consists in dealing with the nonlinear system on a coarse mesh with width H and the linear system on a fine mesh with width h << H by using Crank–Nicolson time-discretization scheme. Our results show that if we choose H2 = h this method can achieve asymptotically optimal approximation. Error estimates are derived in detail. Finally, numerical experiments show the efficiency of our proposed method and justify the theoretical results.
LIMIT THEOREMS FOR TWISTS OF L-FUNCTIONS OF ELLIPTIC CURVES. IV
Authors: Garbaliauskienė Virginija , Laurinčikas Antanas
Published: March 2014

In this paper, we prove a multidimensional limit theorem for moduli of twists of L-functions of elliptic curves. The limit measure in this theorem is defined by the characteristic transforms.
SIMPLE MODELS FOR WALL EFFECT IN FIBER SUSPENSION FLOWS
Authors: Ozolins Ansis , Strautins Uldis
Published: March 2014

Jeffery's equation describes the dynamics of a non-inertial ellipsoidal particle immersed in a Stokes liquid and is used in various models of fiber suspension flow. However, it is not valid in close neighbourhood of a rigid wall. Geometrically impossible orientation states with the fiber penetrating the wall can result from this model. This paper proposes a modification of Jeffery's equation in close proximity to a wall so that the geometrical constraints are obeyed by the solution. A class of models differing in the distribution between the translational and rotational part of the response to the contact is derived. The model is upscaled to a Fokker–Planck equation. Another microscale model is proposed where recoiling from the wall upon the collision is permitted. Numerical examples illustrate the dynamics captured by the models.
ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS FOR APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS OF HAMMERSTEIN INTEGRAL EQUATIONS WITH GREEN'S FUNCTION TYPE KERNELS
Authors: Kulkarni Rekha P. , Rane Akshay S.
Published: March 2014

We consider approximation of a nonlinear Hammerstein equation with a kernel of the type of Green's function using the Nyström method based on the composite midpoint and the composite modified Simpson rules associated with a uniform partition. We obtain asymptotic expansions for the approximate solution unat the node points as well as at the partition points and use Richardson extrapolation to obtain approximate solutions with higher orders of convergence. Numerical results are presented which confirm the theoretical orders of convergence.
Enhancement of T Cell Responses as a Result of Synergy between Lower Doses of Radiation and T Cell Stimulation
Authors: Spary Lisa K. , Al-Taei Saly , Salimu Josephine , Cook Alexander D. , Ager Ann , Watson H. Angharad , Clayton Aled , Staffurth John , Mason Malcolm D. , Tabi Zsuzsanna
Published: March 2014

As a side effect of cancer radiotherapy, immune cells receive varying doses of radiation. Whereas high doses of radiation (>10 Gy) can lead to lymphopenia, lower radiation doses (2–4 Gy) represent a valid treatment option in some hematological cancers, triggering clinically relevant immunological changes. Based on our earlier observations, we hypothesized that lower radiation doses have a direct positive effect on T cells. In this study, we show that 0.6–2.4 Gy radiation enhances proliferation and IFN-γ production of PBMC or purified T cells induced by stimulation via the TCR. Radiation with 1.2 Gy also lowered T cell activation threshold and broadened the Th1 cytokine profile. Although radiation alone did not activate T cells, when followed by TCR stimulation, ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation increased above that induced by stimulation alone. These changes were followed by an early increase in glucose uptake. Naive (CD45RA+) or memory (CD45RA−) T cell responses to stimulation were boosted at similar rates by radiation. Whereas increased Ag-specific cytotoxic activity of a CD8+ T cell line manifested in a 4-h assay (10–20% increase), highly significant (5- to 10-fold) differences in cytokine production were detected in 6-d Ag-stimulation assays of PBMC, probably as a net outcome of death of nonstimulated and enhanced response of Ag-stimulated T cells. T cells from patients receiving pelvic radiation (2.2–2.75 Gy) also displayed increased cytokine production when stimulated in vitro. We report in this study enhanced T cell function induced by synergistic radiation treatment, with potential physiological significance in a wide range of T cell responses.
Long-term S-fertilization increases carbon sequestration in a sulfur-deficient soil
Authors: Giweta Mekonnen , Dyck Miles F. , Malhi Sukhdev S. , Puurveen Dick , Robertson J. A.
Published: March 2014

Giweta, M., Dyck, M. F., Malhi, S. S., Puurveen, D. and Robertson, J. A. 2014. Long-term S-fertilization increases carbon sequestration in a sulfur-deficient soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 295–301. We analyzed the change in total soil organic carbon (SOC) in a long-term fertilization experiment (1980–2008) in a wheat–oat–barley–hay–hay rotation system at the University of Alberta Breton Classical plots. Soil samples were taken in 1980, 1990, 1998, 2003 and 2008 from plots that were fertilized with NPKS and NPK. The objective was to compare the relative effect of S fertilization on the SOC stocks in a S-deficient soil. Long-term S fertilization resulted in an increasing trend in soil organic carbon concentrations over 28 yr when N, P and K supply were adequate. The change in SOC with time was significantly different (P<0.05) between the two treatments. Annual application of NPK in combination with S resulted in an increased accumulation of SOC at a rate of 0.11 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 in the 0- to 15-cm depth over NPK alone. Our results suggest that long-term S fertilization in an S-deficient soil helped to sequester C in the soil.
Influence of compost source on corn grain yields, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in southwestern Ontario
Authors: Drury C. F. , Reynolds W. D. , Yang X. M. , Tan C. S. , Guo X. , McKenney D. J. , Fleming R. , Denholme K.
Published: March 2014

Drury, C. F., Reynolds, W. D., Yang, X. M., Tan, C. S., Guo, X., McKenney, D. J., Fleming, R. and Denholme, K. 2014. Influence of compost source on corn grain yields, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in southwestern Ontario. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 347–355. The impacts of compost type on corn grain yields over 10 yr and N2O and CO2 emissions in the first 3 yr after compost application were evaluated on a Brookston clay loam soil in Woodslee, ON. The treatments included yard waste compost (YWC), kitchen food waste compost (FWC), and pig manure compost (PMC), which were applied once in the fall of 1998 to field plots at a rate of 75 Mg ha−1 (dry weight basis) and no further applications occurred thereafter as well as a fertilized control treatment. Large application rates were examined to see if the various compost sources could have a lasting effect on soil C storage, N2O and CO2 emissions and corn yields. Compost application significantly increased corn grain yields by 12.9 to 19.4% over 3 yr. However, after 10 yr, FWC was the only compost source which significantly increased yields by 11.3% compared with the fertilized control. Emissions of N2O and CO2 varied with compost type, soil water content and time. Greater N2O emissions occurred in 1999 from PMC (5.4 kg N ha−1) than YWC (2.7 kg N ha−1) and FWC (1.3 kg N ha−1); however, the N2O emissions from the PMC were less than from YWC and FWC in 2001. The 3-yr average N2O emissions were significantly greater with PMC (2.7 kg N ha−1) and YWC (2.5 kg N ha−1) compared with the control (1.5 kg N ha−1). Hence, the timing of N2O emissions varied by compost type, but the overall losses were similar as the higher N2O losses in the first year with PMC were offset by the reduced losses with PMC in the third year. Significantly more CO2 was produced from the FWC in 2000 and from PMC in 2001 than the control.
Comparison of surface properties of synthetic and soil struvite
Authors: Baugé S. M. Y. , Lavkulich L. M. (Les) , Wilson J. E. , Schreier H. E.
Published: March 2014

Baugé, S. M. Y., Lavkulich, L. M., Wilson, J. E. and Schreier, H. E. 2014. Comparison of surface properties of synthetic and soil struvite. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 169–176. X-ray, Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses of intensively managed agricultural soils in southwestern British Columbia reported the presence of the Mg-phosphate mineral, struvite. Soils are heterogeneous, thus analytical techniques based on single minerals require calibration in order to provide reliable results. A synthetic struvite was used to compare the properties of the soil phosphate with struvite. The results confirmed the presence of struvite and possibly additional species of Mg. Time of flight–secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) revealed that the surface of struvite, to 2nm depth, is dominated by Mg with other cations, notably Fe and NH4 that were measured in minor amounts and were associated with the Mg rich surface layer. The results suggest that P is located within the struvite structure. Chemical reactions of struvite and phosphorus chemistry in these soils appear to be governed by the Mg surface layer.
“They Played it on Saturday Nights in a Barn”
Authors: Männistö-Funk Tiina
Published: March 2014

This article studies rural gramophone use in Finland from the 1920s to the 1940s, based on source material of written memories related to the long Nordic tradition of folklore surveys. The characteristic rurality of the Finnish pre-war and war-time society offers an opportunity to study the non-urban appropriation of modern technology and to approach rural modernity as locally produced on the one hand, but crucial to the societal and cultural modernisation processes on the other. The article uses a practice theoretical approach and argues for an understanding of grass-root modernity as a dynamic system of practices combining old and new elements. By scrutinising the material elements, meanings and competencies linked together in rural gramophone practices, the article describes and analyses diverse forms of rural activity and innovativeness around the gramophone, peaking in the popular phenomenon of secret dances during the Second World War.
Backwards into the Light
Authors: Spiller Michael R.G.
Published: March 2014

This article looks at the textual practices of humanist and Reformation writers who were concerned to modernise their textual legacies from classical and Biblical antiquity. By a process which I have called “textual proclamation” these writers were able to distinguish past from future and at the same time establish continuity. The problems faced by Reformation writers working with Biblical texts regarded as eternal are briefly discussed. It is argued that this was a process of modernisation which had to respect the continuity of authority, and that thus their modernitas differs from our own modernity, though linked culturally to it.