bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El abordaje del concepto de raza en los libros de texto gratuitos en México
Authors: Hernández Ávila Víctor Octavio
Published: January 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la forma en que se ha abordado el racismo en los libros de educación pública en México. Los conceptos vinculados a la idea de raza como el mestizaje, las castas y el racismo han sido mostrados y explicados de manera diferente, iniciando como reforzadores de discriminación hasta convertirse en conceptos vinculados con problemáticas sociales. Al comparar los contenidos de los libros de texto de 1960 a 2019, mediante el análisis del discurso, podremos observar qué tanto han cambiado el planteamiento del concepto raza en la educación y analizar si tienen una influencia positiva o negativa en relación con la promoción de la discriminación.
Giro antirracista en México y la interculturalidad
Authors: CARLOS FREGOSO GISELA
Published: January 2024

Desde hace seis años las conversaciones sobre racismo y antirracismo experimentaron en México un incremento. Esto devino en el posicionamiento de ciertos debates que tomaban distancias de discusiones como la interculturalidad. Pese a ello, lo que en este artículo propongo es que ante el incremento de las desigualdades económicas y materiales, se vuelve necesario abrir una conversación entre la interculturalidad y el racismo. Esto implica no tener que decidir por una u otra, sino en abrir puentes de diálogo. En este sentido, este artículo se organiza mediante cuatro puntos medulares: 1) realizar un rastreo conceptual y político, 2) encontrar puntos de convergencia mediante el concepto de gramáticas, 3) revisar qué puede aprender la lucha antirracista de la interculturalidad y 4) ver qué puede aprender la interculturalidad de la lucha contra el racismo en México. Finalmente, concluyo argumentando que, más que ser discusiones disímiles, tienen en común más de lo que se puede pensar en términos políticos.
Destruction and Protection Based on ANSYS Pile Foundations
Authors: Jin Xingsheng , Cao Xuanpeng , Jin Xingtao , Zhang Dong
Published: January 2024

In the process of pile foundation design and construction, pile foundation will produce different degrees of damage in order to protect the pile foundation from damage during the construction process. In this paper, three failure methods of pile foundation are analyzed by static simulation, namely the total deformation of the pile foundation, the maximum principal stress and the bending deformation of the pile body caused by excessive equivalent force. For the pile foundation, when the pressure value is between 2Mpa-3Mpa, the main stress, total deformation, and equivalent force of the pile foundation grow slowly, but when the pressure value exceeds 3Mpa, the deformation effect of the pile foundation increases significantly, and the distribution of the pile foundation is reasonably arranged in the later construction process to ensure that the pressure value of the upper part of the pile foundation is maintained at 2Mpa-3Mpa, so as to greatly reduce the damage of the pile foundation, of course, you can also use concrete materials with higher strength grades to reduce the deformation effect of the pile foundation and protect the pile foundation from being damaged.
Analisis Kelengkapan Produk Usaha Dalam Memenuhi Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Prabowo Shidqon , Hudallah Muhammad Fachrul
Published: January 2024

The author uses a type of qualitative research with an empirical juridical approach that refers to field data as primary data and literature as secondary data. The results of the study, Parijoto syrup sold by CV. Alammu has met food standards (labeling) according to the provisions of Article 97 paragraph (3) of Law no. 18 of 2012 concerning food. In addition, it is also correlated with Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection so that the products analyzed can provide consumer rights through the obligations of business actors. If the business actor violates the provisions that have been applied in Law no. 8 of 1999, administrative or criminal sanctions may be imposed.s.

Keywords: Consumer Protection; Parijoto; Labeling

 

Ringkasan

Penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris yang mengacu pada data lapangan sebagai data primer dan literatur sebagai data sekunder. Hasil penelitian, sirup parijoto yang dijual CV. Alammu telah memenuhi standar pangan (labeling) sesuai ketentuan Pasal 97 ayat (3) UU No. 18 Tahun 2012 tentang pangan. Selain itu, juga berkorelasi dengan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen agar produk yang dianalisis dapat memberikan hak konsumen melalui kewajiban pelaku usaha. Apabila pelaku usaha melanggar ketentuan yang telah diterapkan dalam UU No. 8 Tahun 1999, dapat dikenakan sanksi administratif atau pidana.

Kata kunci: Perlindungan Konsumen; Parijoto; Pelabelan
Hubungan Usia Ibu, Usia Kehamilan dan Preeklampsia Dengan Kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di RSUD Arga Makmur
Authors: Hartini Lela , Yusvita Hetty
Published: January 2024

Babies with LBW are risk factors that contribute to infant mortality. Bengkulu Provincial Health Office recorded that 36,917 babies were born alive in Bengkulu province in 2020, weighed as many as 34,151 babies with LBW as many as 860 babies (3%). North Bengkulu Regency is the district with the largest infant mortality rate (20.28%) and the largest LBW incidence rate is 5%. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal age, gestational age and preeclampsia with the incidence of low birth weight babies in Arga Makmur Hospital.
The research design used is an analytic survey with a case control design. The population total number of babies born in 2021 at the Arga Makmur Hospital, amounting to 1,573 people. The sample in this study was 546 respondents, who were taken using the Sugiyono formula. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
The results relationship between maternal age and the incidence of LBW (?=0.000). There is a relationship between gestational age and the incidence of LBW (? = 0.000). There is a relationship between preeclampsia and the incidence of LBW (?=0.000). The most dominant factor related to the incidence of LBW is gestational age (? = 0.000 and OR = 56.521) this means that pregnant women with gestational age <37 weeks have an opportunity to experience LBW 56.521 times greater than pregnant women with gestational age 37-42 weeks.
Suggestions for Arga Makmur Hospital to be able to cooperate with the health office or other cross-sectors in order to provide counseling and knowledge to health workers at the puskesmas level so that they can take preventive actions before the occurrence of LBW. Health workers need to improve integrated antenatal care and screening during pregnancy so that it will reduce the risk when the baby is born.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ALAT NEBULIZER JET AEROSOL DAN ULTRASONIC TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SATURASI O2 PADA PASIEN ASMA DI IGD RSUD Dr.H. MOCH. ANSARI SALEH BANJARMASIN DAN RSUD RATU ZALECHA MARTAPURA
Authors: Mariana Evi Risa , Fitriani Ayu , Ramie Agustine
Published: January 2024

Pemberian terapi inhalasi dengan menggunakan nebulizer umumnya akan dilakukan pada pasien yang mengalami serangan asma. Terapi ini dapat membuat perubahan terhadap nilai saturasi oksigen. Di rumah sakit terutama IGD, pemberian terapi nebulizer umumnya dengan nebulizer jet-aerosol dan ultrasonik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keefektifan penggunaan alat Nebulizer Jet-Aerosol dan Ultrasonik terhadap perubahan Saturasi O2 pada pasien Asma di IGD RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin dan IGD RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Quasy Experiment. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 20 responden pasien asma yang masuk di IGD RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin dan IGD RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura bulan April - Juni 2018. Instrumen berupa lembar observasi terstruktur dan pengukuran saturasi oksigen menggunakan pulse oximetry.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan nilai saturasi oksigen. Uji Paired Sample T-Test pada data pasien terapi jet-aerosol menunjukkan nilai signifikansi p= 0,003  dengan selisih rata-rata -2,40. Nilai p value < 0,05 sehingga ada pengaruh penggunaan alat Nebulizer Jet-Aerosol terhadap perubahan saturasi oksigen pada pasien Asma di IGD RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin. Uji Paired Sample T Test pada data pasien ultrasonik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi p= 0,000 dengan selisih rata-rata -5,10. Nilai p value < 0,05 sehingga ada pengaruh penggunaan alat Nebulizer Ultrasonik terhadap perubahan saturasi oksigen pada pasien Asma di IGD RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura.
Peningkatan saturasi oksigen dapat menjadi salah satu indikator untuk melihat keefektifan terapi nebulizer, apabila dilihat peningkatan saturasinya nebulizer ultrasonik lebih efektif untuk digunakan.
PERANCANGAN MEDIA PROMOSI DALAM KEPATUHAN MENGKONSUMSI GERTELLA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PRA LANSIA DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Linda Linda , Triana Winda , Anggraini Desi Veti
Published: January 2024

Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) merupakan faktor utama yang dapat menyebabkan kematian di dunia. Penggunaan bahan alami seperti tanaman tanaman rosella (Hibicus Sabdarifa Fam), merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah. Tanaman rosella ini dapat berpengaruh dalam penurunan kadar serum kreatinin, kolestrol, dan glukosa karena mengandung senyawa kimia. Aplikasi gertella dapat memudahkan dalam membantu kepatuhan kepatuhan mengkonsumsi gertella. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh media promosi dalam kepatuhan mengkonsumsi gertella sebagai upaya penurunan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen two group pretest dan posttest design. Responden mengkonsumsi teh rosella 1-2 kelopak sempurna (2 gram) per hari selama tujuh hari. Sampel berjumlah 30 kelompok aplikasi gertella dan 30 kelompok whatsapp group. Hasil penelitian pada kelompok aplikasi gertella terdapat perbedaan rerata  tekanan darah sistolik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan ? = 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat perbedaan rerata tekanan darah diastolik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan ? = 0,003 <0,05. Pada kelompok whatsapp group terdapat perbedaan rerata  tekanan darah sistolik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan ? = 0,019 < 0,05. Terdapat perbedaan rerata tekanan darah diastolik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan ? =0.009. Kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh aplikasih gertella terhadap kepatuhan dalam penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia.
The Legal Framework of E-Commerce in Malaysia
Authors: Loh Joo Xun
Published: January 2024

This article examines the efficiency of the current legal framework on E-Commerce. E-Commerce is a new business model that is being adopted by the public and rapidly replacing the traditional concept of physical stores. Malaysia has not yet taken enough aggressive measures to change our commercial laws, despite the fact that doing so will help ensure that our legal system can control the new corporate norms of the digital era. In this article, the distinctions between offline and online business models are compared, along with the additional problems brought on by this shift. This article suggests new laws and rules that our legislators should enact in order to safeguard vendors, customers, and even the government.
Inheritance Right of Illegitimate Child in Malaysia: Dawn or Storm after Tan Kah Fatt v Tan Ying
Authors: Kuek Chee Ying , Tay Eng Siang , Ng Gary Kit Min
Published: January 2024

Before the Federal Court’s decision in Tan Kah Fatt v Tan Ying (2023), a distinction had always been drawn between the inheritance right of a legitimate child and an illegitimate child in Malaysia. While a legitimate child has an automatic right to inherit the parents’ intestate estate, such right was not available to an illegitimate child. An illegitimate child may only inherit the intestate estate if he has been legitimised. Without legitimisation, an illegitimate child would be ineligible to succeed to his father’s intestate estate. The illegitimate child’s entitlement to succeed on his mother’s intestacy is conditioned on the absence of any legitimate issue surviving the mother. However, Tan Kah Fatt has altered this legal position. This article seeks to examine the change of the law of the inheritance right of illegitimate non-Muslim children in Malaysia, the effects of this Federal Court’s decision and some concerns about this case. Doctrinal research is employed, and the discussion is confined to the law of intestacy for non-Muslims in Malaysia only. This article suggests that amendments of relevant statutes are needed if Malaysia truly intends to equalise the illegitimate child’s inheritance right to intestate estate as that of the legitimate child.
EFL Students’ Strategies In Dealing With Speaking Anxiety In Post Pandemic Class
Authors: Munir Munir , Talib Ahmad , Anugrah Ade Surya
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study was to find out the strategies that the EFL students use to reduce their speaking anxiety in post pandemic class. This research is a qualitative type of research that uses qualitative descriptive method to collect the necessary data in the hope of knowing the strategies used by students in dealing with their speaking anxiety. The participants of this study included students who were in the class of XI Bahasa at SMA Negeri 1 Pangkep. In this study, there were two instruments used, namely interviews which were carried out in two stages as the main instrument and an observation activity involving two observers. The observation was carried out in the classroom while the learning activity was conducted, and the interview sessions were carried out outside of their classroom. By using a purposive sampling technique, six student representatives were selected to be interviewed. The results of the study revealed that there were seventeen methods used by students to overcome their speaking anxiety which were then categorized into six different kinds of strategies. These six strategies according to the research finding are consisting of memory strategy, cognitive strategy, compensation strategy, metacognitive strategy, affective strategy and social strategy.
Fostering EFL Junior Highschool Students’ Speaking Skill Through Vlogging Strategy
Authors: Wau Rendi Wasto , Tarigan Kharisma Erikson , Ginting Fiber Yun
Published: January 2024

In an era marked by technological advancements and a burgeoning digital landscape, the realm of education has witnessed a paradigm shift, particularly in language acquisition. This research embarks on an innovative exploration of the efficacy of vlogging as a pedagogical strategy to enhance the speaking skills of Eighth Grade English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. This research was mainly conducted in order to prove that Vlogging Strategy could improve speaking skill of the eight grade students of SMP Santo Thomas 3 Medan in the Academic Year of 2022/2023 The study employs a classroom action research (CAR) approach, encompassing quantitative analysis of pre-test, formative tests, and post-test scores, complemented by questionnaire insights gleaned from student feedback and reflections. The data analysis showed the mean score increased from 58,8 in Pre-test with 20% of the students got score ≥ 75, in Formative-test 70,56 with 40% of the students got score ≥ 75, and 77,08 in Post-test with 76% of the students got score ≥ 75. The findings underscore the transformative potential of vlogging in the EFL classroom. Quantitative analysis reveals a statistically significant improvement in students' speaking skills, accentuating the effectiveness of vlogging as a language learning tool. This research not only contributes to the existing literature on technology-enhanced language education but also pioneers the exploration of vlogging as a specific and innovative approach within the EFL context. Beyond statistical validation, the study delves into the practical implications for educators, advocating for a shift towards interactive, student-centric pedagogical approaches. It sheds light on heightened student engagement and motivation, showcasing vlogging's capacity to nurture creativity and authentic language practice. This research reinforces the broader narrative of technology's indispensable role in language education and underscores the contemporary necessity of digital literacy alongside traditional language skills.
An Analysis of Inflectional and Derivational Affixes on Psalms Chapters 1-10 From the Bible King James Version
Authors: Samosir Nelly Elisabeth , Pasaribu Rotua Elfrida , Sembiring Rony Arahta
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study is to identify the inflectional and derivational affixes present in Psalms chapters 1-10 of the King James Version, and to examine the manner in which these affixes are processed. This study employs a qualitative research approach characterized by a descriptive design. When examining the data, the author emphasizes the inflectional and derivational affixes found in the King James translation of the Bible, as outlined by Katamba's theory (1993:40) that states "derivation and inflection are two distinct methods of constructing words." The word formation mechanisms mentioned here can be categorized into two primary types of affix morphemes: derivational affixes and inflectional affixes. The study identified a total of 49 derivational affixes, consisting of 10 prefixes (8.20%), 39 suffixes (31.59%), and 73 inflectional affixes (59.84%). According to the findings of this study, the processing of inflectional affixes is more prevalent than that of derivational affixes when examining the text of Psalms in the King James translation, namely chapters 1-10. The dominance of the suffixes -ed/-d/-ied is due to the prevalence of past tense sentences in the text. This study can serve as a valuable resource for lecturers, particularly those teaching morphology, since it provides clear differentiation between roots and affixes, enabling a comprehensive understanding of the word formation process and the significance of affixes. This study can assist other scholars in analyzing the formation of derivational and inflectional affixes and their processes. This study can serve as a valuable resource for studying vocabulary and word building. Additionally, the study has broader implications, serving as a foundational reference for morphology education, linguistic analysis, and interdisciplinary studies. It enriches our understanding of the linguistic characteristics of the King James Bible, offering insights into the intricate dynamics of word formation within religious texts.
Linguistic Interplay on Social Media: Unraveling Indonesian-English Code Mixing on Twitter
Authors: Wibowo Hanafi , Hamidah Nurlaila
Published: January 2024

This qualitative descriptive study delves into the intricate realm of code mixing between Indonesian and English on the Twitter account known as Convomf. With a substantial following of over 1.3 million users, Convomf serves as a dynamic autobase forum where individuals express their concerns and experiences anonymously. This research is driven by two primary objectives: firstly, to categorize the distinct types of code mixing evident in the Convomf tweets, and secondly, to uncover the underlying reasons users engage in this linguistic practice. Employing a purposive sampling method, the study meticulously analyzed tweets collected between February and March 2023. The tweets selected for analysis were those that prominently featured code mixing, providing a rich dataset for examination. The methodology centered around the documentation of these tweets, followed by an in-depth analysis of the language patterns and structures used by the account holders. The findings of the study indicate a diverse array of code-mixing types, with six primary categories identified: insertion of a word (16%), phrase (22%), word reduplication (1%), clause (42%), hybrid constructions (9.5%), and idioms (9.5%). These variations demonstrate the complexity and versatility of code mixing as a linguistic strategy. Furthermore, the study explored the motivations behind code mixing, aligning with Hoffman's theoretical framework. The reasons range from discussing particular topics (65%) and clarifying speech (18.5%) to emphasizing certain points (15%), among others. Notably, interjections and repetition for clarification were also observed, albeit less frequently. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of code mixing in digital communication on social media platforms. It reveals that code mixing is not only prevalent but also serves various communicative functions, reflecting the nuanced ways in which language is used in the context of social media. The insights gained from this research offer valuable implications for linguistics, particularly in the realm of bilingualism and language usage online.
Pa'belle Fishermen Empowerment: A Communicative Action Perspective in An Industrialized Society
Authors: Ismail Ince Rahma , Idris Rabihatun , Kesuma Andi Ima
Published: January 2024

This research examines the empowerment process of Pa'belle fishermen from a communicative action perspective, recognizing that all their activities serve as communication tools with meaning and messages for others. The study aims to analyze the problems faced by the fishermen during the empowerment process, as well as the communicative actions they undertake and the direction of their empowerment. The research utilizes a qualitative Single Case Study approach, with 15 purposively selected fishermen as informants who have at least two years of experience working as fishermen and understand the challenges experienced by fishermen and fishermen groups. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, participant observation, and literature study, while data analysis employed a three-step technique of data categorization, data reduction, and conclusion drawing. The study findings revealed various problems faced by Pa'belle fishermen in the empowerment process, including challenges with government support such as DAU 2021 assistance, the need for "Balean" wooden stakes, nets, extension workers' limited understanding of fishermen's socio-cultural realities, and exclusive participation in meetings with village heads. Internal problems within fishermen groups were also identified, such as the lottery-based determination of Sero numbers, inadequate information dissemination from extension workers to group members, lack of coordination among members, and a group leader who is not open or independent. The study also identified the communicative actions of Pabelle' fishermen during the empowerment process. These actions included intense communication, providing self-managed assistance tailored to the fishermen's needs, active participation in every activity, conveying ideas intensively, daring to express criticism and input on occurring problems, displaying a critical perspective on illegal logging issues, as well as exhibiting power, access, and control over their resources. In terms of the direction of Pabelle' fishermen empowerment, the study suggests the need to strengthen the role of fishermen groups, the digitalization of fishermen's activities, increased environmental awareness, and the involvement of external parties outside the government. This research demonstrates that empowerment processes among the Pa'belle fishermen involve various communicative actions that convey their social situations to others. The findings highlight the key problems encountered by the fishermen, the communicative actions they undertake during the empowerment process, and the directions for further empowerment initiatives. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the empowerment process and offer guidance for policymakers and practitioners seeking to empower marginalized fishing communities.
English Proficiency Aspirations among Nepalese EFL Students
Authors: Tiwari Hari Prasad
Published: January 2024

English is regarded as a key to different opportunities and a language of high status in Nepal. Whether by desire or compulsion, English fascination of a large number of students in Nepal is increasing. This study investigated the factors that motivated Nepalese learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) to attain a higher level of English proficiency. The participants consisted of 24 master’s level EFL students from four constituent campuses of Tribhuvan University. The researcher used purposive sampling to select the participants. The study employed interview as data collection technique. The data was analyzed using thematic approach of qualitative data analysis. The study revealed that Nepalese EFL students aspired to achieve English proficiency for five reasons, such as to meet their educational expectations access, to pursue better career opportunities and global competitiveness, to improve their economic and social status and to access technology and innovation. The study contributes to the understanding of the evolving dynamics of language proficiency in a globalized world, urging educators and policymakers to consider the diverse factors that influence language acquisition for a holistic approach to language education.
Genotypes and Phenotypes of Arab Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever in North Jordan
Authors: Alawneh Khaldoon M , Jaradat Saied A , Obeidat Marya , Kewan Tariq , Zahran Deeb , Alawneh Diala , Sweiss Nadera J
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal-recessive disorder caused by mutations in MEFV gene. Hundreds of mutations have been described in patients with FMF. The aim of this study was to analyze the common genotypes of Arab patients with FMF from Jordan and to establish genotypephenotype correlation patterns.

Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was performed in a tertiary hospital in the north of Jordan. A total of 123 patients with FMF were recruited from the rheumatology outpatient clinic at King Abdullah University Hospital. Patients were diagnosed according to Tel-Hashomer criteria and a carrier of at least one previously identified MEFV gene mutation. Demographics and clinical manifestations were recorded.

Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 17.49 years and M:F ratio was 1.05:1. The following mutations were common among our patients: R202Q (41.4%), M694V (22.1%), E148Q (10.3%), V726A (11.3%), M680I (5.3%), and M694I (3.7%). Among them 26% were homozygous, 11% were compound homozygous, 26% heterozygous, 42% were compound heterozygous, and 18% were other complex genotype including homozygosity and heterozygosity of more than one mutation. As for genotype-phenotype correlation, 65% of the patients with skin rash had R202Q mutation, while M694V mutation was associated with abdominal and chest pain. Amyloidosis correlated most with the M694I mutation (66.7%).

Conclusion: The results confirm the frequency of the previously and commonly identified mutations and highlight the association of R202Q polymorphism with skin rash phenotype among adult Jordanian FMF patients. Additionally, both M694V and M694I mutations were associated with different clinical presentations.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 54-62
Clinical profile, dietary zinc content, and lifestyle habits of adult male and female hbss and hbsc patients
Authors: Alaka Anuoluwapo Abisola , Alaka Olubunmi Olayemi , Iyanda Ayobola Abolape
Published: January 2024

Objective: Males and females have been reported to show significant variation with respect to clinical profile of sickle cell disease (SCD) (e.g. cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and chronic end-organ complications). Clinical features of SCD are also influenced by lifestyle and dietary habits. Thus, the study was conducted to examine whether the distributions of other manifestations (e.g. priapism, pain frequency, leg ulcers rates) and habits (lifestyle, dietary) of SCD patients in Osun state, Nigeria are influenced by gender or genotype.

Material and methods: Questionnaires were administered to obtain information on age, gender, concoction/herbal preparations, and fruit/vegetable consumption, as well as zinc contents of 24-hour meal recall, physical exercise, lifestyle parameters and clinical profile of SCD. Descriptive (relative frequency) and inferential (Chi-square (χ2) test of independence) statistics were employed. Statistical significant was set at p<0.05.

Results and discussion: HbSS rather than HbSC showed higher distributions of pain frequency and more frequent hospitalization rates at p= .001 and p=.001 respectively. There was no significant relationship between hemoglobin genotype and the following variables: leg ulcers, priapism, fruit intake, herb/concoction consumption, 24-hour dietary zinc content. Moreover, all the variables were not influenced by gender not only among HbSS but also HbSC patients.

Conclusion: There are indications from data obtained that clinical profile of SCD such as priapism, leg ulcers, high hospitalization rates and pain episodes are present among HbSS and HbSC SCD patients in Osun state Nigeria. Although only pain episodes and hospitalization rates were significantly higher among HbSS than HbSC, for either variable though there was no gender bias in its distribution. Similarly the distributions of other variables (such as exercise, dietary, etc) for each of SCD (HbSS, HbSC) categories were not influenced by gender.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 74-82
Sociodemographic Association of Caregivers Burden with Schizophrenia Disorder
Authors: Ishaque Farhan , Emad Farkhanda , Masooma Shaiaza , Hasan Syed Mustafa , Zaidi Syed Muhammad Zaeem , Azmat Syeda Fatima
Published: January 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to find out a relationship between life satisfaction and caregiver burden among patients who are suffering from psychiatric illness.

Materials and methods: The sample size of this study was 170 psychiatric patients. Primarily consent was received from the higher authorities of the psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitation centers in Karachi. Zarit Burden Interview Scale (ZBIS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used. Psychiatric patients were divided into schizophrenia disorder (n = 85) and bipolar disorder (n = 85). Data were analyzed by statistics software (SPSS, version, 20.0). The sample was constituted with male 75 (44.1%) and females were 95 (55.9%). The average age range of caregivers was between 19 and 60 years with M = 44.74 and SD = 12.05 years.

Results : The results indicated that caregiver burden was a significant predictor of satisfaction with life in patients with schizophrenia disorder [R2, .554; F (1.84) = 36.711, p<.000]. A significant difference was also observed between male and females caregivers of psychiatric patients on the variable of caregiver burden and satisfaction with life scale (i.e. t=-3.129; p=.<002; t=3.528; p=.<.001).

Conclusion: It is concluded that caregiver burden significantly affects the level of mental health of the caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 89-94
The Effect on Clinical Stress Levels of the Readiness and Acceptance Nursing Students Regarding the Online Learning Method Used in Professional Skills Practice
Authors: Fethiye Yelkin ALP , Arsalan Gülşah G , ÖZDEN Dilek , Yilmaz İlkin , ERTUĞRUL Büşra , Duztepeliler Seda
Published: January 2024

Objective: The study was conducted with the aim of determining the readiness and acceptance levels and the clinical stress levels of students of a faculty of nursing for online learning in before, during and after clinical practice.

Material and method: The descriptive research was executed with 233 students enrolled in the Faculty of Nursing in Izmir, in the western part of Turkey. The data was collected by means of Student Descriptive Characteristics Form,the Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS), the Online Learning Acceptance Scale (OLAS) and the Clinical Stress Questionnairre (CSQ). Number-percentage distribution, test/Mann Whitney-U/Kruskal Wallis analysis, Friedman variance analysis were used in the evaluation of the relevant data.

Results: The difference between the three different measurements of the OLRS and OLAS were examined, and a statistically significant difference was found between them (X2=14.52, p<0.05; X2=35.02; p<0.05). The difference between the three different CSQ measurements was examined, and a statistically significant difference was found between them (X2=37.68; p<0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, it was determined and identified that the readiness of the students for online learning and their acceptance levels show increase in the recurrent measurements and their stress levels with clinical practice reduces.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 95-101
Differences in the Effectiveness of Infrared Therapy for Reducing Musculoskeletal Pain in the Elderly
Authors: Untari Ida , Prasojo Ipin , Sarifah Siti
Published: January 2024

Objective: A health problem that is a priority for medical care and treatment for the elderly is pain in the musculoskeletal system. Non-pharmacological management in the form of treating musculoskelatal pain in the elderly, one of which is infrared therapy. Infrared therapy is able to reduce pain in the elderly and requires close supervision because the elderly experience a decrease in skin sensitivity to heat. The effectiveness of reducing pain varies in the elderly. One of the influencing factors is age. This study’s objective is to determine differences in the effectiveness of infrared therapy to reduce musculoskeletal pain in the elderly group.

Materials and methods: This study used an experimental research method with a nonrandomized pretestposttest control group design. The research location was conducted at the Posbindu Institut Teknologi Sains dan kesehatan PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta, in September - October 2022. A sample of 50 elderly people was divided into elderly (> 60 years: 30) and pre-elderly (45-60 years: 20) selected using a purposive technique sampling. The dependent variable is musculoskeletal pain. The independent variable is infrared therapy. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test.

Results and Discussion: The Wilcoxon test showed that there was an effect of infrared therapy in reducing musculoskeletal pain in the elderly and preelderly groups (p value <0.001 and <0.001). The average reduction in pain in the elderly group = 3.1; SD = 1.3 and pre-elderly = 2.95; SD = 1.2. The Mann-Whitney test showed no difference in reducing musculoskeletal pain using infrared therapy in the elderly and pre-elderly (p = 0.712).

Conclusion: Infrared therapy is effective in reducing musculoskeletal pain and reducing musculoskeletal pain for the two elderly groups are similar

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 108-114
Hypomethylation of Sonic hedgehog in colorectal cancer
Authors: Teli Maheera , Niyaz Madiha , Rashid Gowhar , Parveiz Ishrat , Wani Rauf A , Mudassar Syed
Published: January 2024

Background: Past research has demonstrated that a changed Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pattern contributes to the development of colorectal cancer. This study’s objective was to determine whether the SHH gene’s promoter hypomethylation might be used to predict the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer.

Methods: For the current investigation, 50 newly diagnosed and untreated colorectal cancer patients’ tumor samples and surrounding non-tumor tissues were gathered. SHH methylation was determined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and results correlated with several studied clinicopathological parameters.

Results: Our results showed that SHH methylation levels are significantly present in normal tissues as compared to tumor tissues.

Conclusion: We conclude SHH promoter is hypomethylated in colorectal cancers which may have an effect driving normal colon and rectum cells to cancer.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 200-206
Assessment of factors associated with academic engagement and student burnout in the Moroccan context
Authors: Rami Younes , Abidli Zakaria , Elturk Joumana , Badaoui Bouabid
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Student burnout syndrome is a major concern in higher education, associated with high prevalence rates. Its consequences include dropping out of school and adverse effects on mental and physical health. Despite this, the importance of academic engagement, a positive attitude towards learning, is often overlooked in the Moroccan context.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of one month in 2023, and relies on semi-structured interviews to collect data. The measurement instruments used in this study include a self-questionnaire and two well-established scales: the Copenhagenan Burnout Inventory (CBI) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9).
Results: The study reveals complex links between socio-economic factors, academic failure and burnout, with p values < 0.05. No significant relashionship was revealed between engagement and burnout (p>0.05). Female students showed a higher level of burnout than male students (p < 0.05). Age appears to be a determining factor, with younger students showing higher levels of burnout. Housing had an influence on burnout (p < 0.05) and differences between faculties showed a significant effect on burnout (p < 0.05). The internal consistency of the burnout and engagement scales are satisfactory.
Conclusion: This study highlights the need for a holistic approach to addressing burnout in students. Targeted interventions are essential to support students in diverse academic contexts, taking into account a variety of socio-economic factors.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 228-236
Sectional Fixed Orthodontic Appliance for Management of a Pseudo Class III Malocclusion. Case Report
Authors: Alfawzan Ahmed Ali
Published: January 2024

Background: Proper diagnosis and treatment planning are the first steps in the management of pseudo-Class III malocclusion.

Case Presentation: An 11 years old male patient with pseudo- class III malocclusion.

Conclusion: A class I molar with average overjet and overbite was achieved with a sectional fixed orthodontic appliance.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 262-265
Management of a Failed Hybrid Implant Full-arch Prosthesis- A Case Report
Authors: Koshy Eldo , Annamma Lovely M , Idrissi Hafsa Al , Abutayyem Huda
Published: January 2024

Background: Biological and technical hardware complications in implant-retained prostheses are well documented in the literature. The most frequently reported failures are on the immediate or delayed factors after implant placement. Even when the implant has successfully osseointegrated, there is a chance that the prosthesis can fail if the treatment planning and occlusal aspects are not well studied. Management of failed cases is rarely reported. In this case report, the authors present a failed implant prosthesis and how it was managed well with a more permanent solution.

Case presentation: A 55-year-old, male retired bank manager, reported with the chief complaint of frequent fracture of the maxillary acrylic hybrid implant prosthesis that was delivered 6 months ago. He wanted a replacement for the fractured upper maxillary acrylic hybrid prosthesis. On clinical evaluation, the upper maxillary implant prosthesis was opposing the natural tooth, an anterior bridge, and two posterior implants in the lower right and left of the first and second molar region. The patient was happy with the lower restorations.

Conclusion: The design of the final restoration based on biological, mechanical, technological, and patient factors should be ideally planned during the initial treatment planning stage itself. In case a prosthesis fails the underlying cause should be analyzed and retreatment planning is to be done.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 01 January’24 Page : 266-271
Diagnosis of Caroli’s Disease: a Rare Case Report
Authors: Akram Lubana , Alam Rubaiyat , Rukunuzzaman Md
Published: January 2024

Caroli’s disease is a rare disease caused by Ductal Plate malformation. Patients may present with history of intermittent abdominal pain, pruritus and/ or symptoms of cholangitis. Cholangitis, liver cirrhosis, and cholangiocarcinoma are
potential complications. It is rarely diagnosed in childhood. A six (06) years old was presented with intermittent abdominal pain, fever, pruritus, and hepatomegaly at the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. After evaluating history, signs/ symptoms, physical examination, biochemical, ultrasonographic and endoscopic !ndings; this case was provisionally diagnosed as a compensated chronic liver disease with portal hypertension due to cause of cholestasis. Finally magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was done for further evaluation and the diagnostic !ndings of MRCP was suggestive of Caroli’s disease. After consultation the MRCP report with Pediatric Surgery Department of BSMMU the patient was advised for liver transplantation due to multifocal involvement of liver. Lastly patient was discharged with supportive management.
Bangladesh Med J. 2022 Sept; 51(3): 43-46
IgA Vasculitis in an Adult Man- a Case Report
Authors: Mahin Tasnova , Faria Labeeba , Mottaleb AKM Abu , Shumy Farzana , Oader Md Abdul
Published: January 2024

IgA vasculitis is rare in adult. A significant portion of adult cases may present with renal involvement. Although most of these cases can be managed symptomatically, some cases may require immunosuppressive treatment. Unless diagnosis and appropriate treatment is initiated early IgA nephropathy in adult may result in chronic kidney disease. Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is an acute disorder causing generalized vasculitis principally involving skin, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, kidneys and joints. Here, a 28 year old man was presented with purpuric rash with leg ulcer, inflammatory arthritis involving multiple joints, abdominal pain and vomiting. He had mild pedal edema and normal blood pressure. Investigations showed raised inflammatory markers, haematuria, and nephrotic range proteinuria with normal liver and renal function.  Biochemical and immunological evaluation of lupus nephritis, ANCA associated vasculitis and other causes of glomerulonephritis were negative. Renal biopsy with direct immunofluorescence showed features of IgA nephropathy. Patient was treated with steroid and mycophenolate mofetil with a good response.
Bangladesh Med J. 2022 Sept; 51(3): 47-50
Production of Benzyl Isothiocyanate from Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori via Suspension Cultures
Authors: Mustafa Sabha Selmy , Gabr Mahdia Farid , Hegazi Ghada Abd El-Moneim
Published: January 2024

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is one of the main constituents of Moringa peregrina, an endangered species in the flora of Egypt. The purpose of this study was to establish a procedure to enhance the in vitro production of BITC in Moringa peregrina suspension cultures. This could then aid in the mass production of this useful pure active compound and avoid the exploitation of natural resources of this valuable plant. Suspension cultures of Moringa peregrina was established from callus cells in liquid MS medium supplemented with 10.74 μM naphthalene acetic acid, 2.325 μM kinetin, in addition to salicylic acid as an elicitor and/or L-phenylalanine as a precursor of BITC. The combination of both salicylic acid and L-phenylalanine gave the highest accumulation of BITC after two weeks with 10.42-fold increase, compared to its content in the mother plant. This study is promising for the large-scale production of BITC, which has been identified as an anticancer agent with possible applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 33(2): 85-95, 2023 (December)
Somatic Embryogenesis and Direct Shoot Bud Formation from in vitro Root Segments of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Haque Muhammad Shahidul
Published: January 2024

In vitro techniques are unconventionally used for garlic improvement. In garlic tissue culture, numerous roots are produced in vitro. Segments (1 cm) of those in vitro roots were cultivated on MS medium with 5.0 μM 2, 4-D for callus initiation followed by transfer to 0.5 μM 2, 4-D for somatic embryogenesis. Root segments had 51.67% callus and somatic embryo formation. Plantlet regeneration was obtained from 90% calli after being transferred to MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM kinetin. Within 6 months, 54.8 plants per root segment and 42.2 plants per root tip explant were found. MS media supplemented with 1.0 or 5.0 μM NAA in combination with 10.0 or 50.0 μM BA were used for direct shoot bud induction from root segments. The highest percentage (23.33 %) of direct shoot bud regeneration was found in 5.0 μM NAA with 50.0 μM BA within 2 months. The number of shoots per explant was varied from 1-81 with the highest average of 15.75 shoots per explant. The shoots produced bulblets upon transfer to a medium containing higher amount of sucrose (12%). The largest bulblets weighed 356.57 g in the medium with 5.0 μM NAA and 50.0 μM BA. In both pathways, regeneration occurred from only the apical (distal) end of the root segments. The protocols are promising for continuous regeneration of propagules and genetic transformation study for improvement of garlic.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 33(2): 135-142, 2023 (December)
Analysis of Technical and Economics High Voltage Overhead Transmission 150 kV Development in Industrial Area of High Voltage Consumers PT. Lotte Chemical Indonesia
Authors: Pinandhito Muhammad , Iwa Garniwa
Published: January 2024

In order to increase revenue, PT PLN (Persero) entered into a power purchase agreement with PT. Lotte Chemical Indonesia Cilegon. investment in the relocation of 150 kV high voltage overhead lines. This research is very important as a small-scale simulation given the large number of electric power transmission projects implemented by PLN. This study analyzes the impact of the relocation of the 150 kV T/L and found that the existing material that was dismantled was either utilized/not reused so that it has the potential to increase/decrease investment for PLN. The research method is in the form of data analysis on the feasibility study of the PLN project. Calculation analysis by calculating the value of existing assets which is then used as a reference in calculating sensitivity analysis which is then determined 3 scenarios using financial indicators IRR, NPV, B/C Ratio and Payback Period (PB). The results of the study show that scenarios 1, 2 and 3 have positive IRR and B/C ratio values and there is a difference of 1 year for the payback period between scenarios 1 and 3 vs scenario 2 and the highest NPV is in scenario 3.
Mini Review: Microbial Fuel Cell Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik Terbarukan
Authors: Prabowo Rizky Drajat , Dewi Chusniasih
Published: January 2024

Bahan bakar fosil merupakan salah satu bentuk energi yang banyak digunakan dan mendukung hampir semua aspek energi. Bahan bakar fosil merupakan bahan bakar yang tidak dapat diperbarui, karena proses pembentukannya membutuhkan waktu jutaan tahun. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) menghasilkan energi listrik menggunakan substrat dari komponen organik maupun anorganik, menggunakan sel mikroba sebagai katalis. Struktur dari MFC terdiri dari kompartemen anoda yang berisi sel mikroba, mediator, dan elektroda yang terpisah dari kompartemen katoda. Kompartemen katoda terdiri atas elektroda dan penerima elektron (elektron akseptor). Anoda dan katoda terhubung via sirkuit dan aliran elektron dari sel mikroba ke penerima elektron katoda. MFC dapat menggunakan substrat yang bervariasi, termasuk air limbah. Penggunaan gula sebagai substrat MFC yang menggunakan sel kapang dapat menghasilkan energi maksimum sebesar 374.4 mW/m2. Di masa depan, MFC sangat mungkin digunakan sebagai sumber energi listrik yang paling sustainable. Dalam kondisi terkontrol, MFC dapat menghasilkan energi listrik yang lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan baterai yang perlu diisi ulang sebelumnya.