bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on the influence of aggregate morphology on concrete interfacial properties
Authors: Jia Zhan , Guo Lixia , Zhong Ling , Yang Yuqing
Published: September 2024

Aggregate is the basic component of concrete, and its shape and surface properties largely determine the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. In order to further study the mesoscopic influence of aggregate shape on concrete interfacial phase, this study focuses on two aggregate shapes, circular and polygonal, and the elastic modulus and hardness of interfacial phase of specimens with different aggregate shapes were obtained by nano-indentation technology, and the mesoscopic component partition was quantified. Based on Gaussian statistical theory, the distribution model of nanomechanical properties of each phase was established, and the influence of aggregate shape on mechanical properties was studied by SEM test. The results show that (1) The width of the interfacial zone of natural rounded aggregate (∼50 μm) is slightly smaller than that of polygonal aggregate (∼60 μm), and the modulus of elasticity and hardness of the interfacial zone corresponding to the rounded aggregate (e.g., interfacial transition zone (E,H) ∼ (23.65 GPa, 0.9 GPa)) are larger than that of the interfacial zone of polygonal aggregate (interfacial transition zone (E,H) ∼ (21.66 GPa, 0.73 GPa)), indicating that the micromechanical properties of the interfacial zone of the circular aggregate are better than those of the polygonal aggregate; (2) The hydration products in the transition zone of the interface of different shapes of aggregates are almost the same, indicating that the influence of the shape of aggregates on the performance of concrete is mainly due to its own geometric characteristics. Based on the findings of the study, the direction of future research can focus on modeling with further refinement of the influence of aggregate shape parameters, such as shape factor and surface roughness, on the performance of concrete, so as to facilitate more accurate prediction and regulation of the performance of concrete. This study provides theoretical references for the design of aggregate proportioning and the simulation technology of fine data values in actual projects, and also provides theoretical basis and technical support for the standardization and performance evaluation of concrete materials.
Synthesis and performance study of a new surfactant with corrosion inhibition function
Authors: Yang Jingwen , Liu Bo , Chen Zuoming , Luo Weiyun , Wang Yefei , Li Qiongwei , Tang Ying
Published: September 2024

In view of the simultaneous demand for surfactants and corrosion inhibitors in oilfield production, new surfactants with both low interfacial tension and corrosion inhibition function were successfully prepared in this work by amidation and carboxymethylation using fatty acids and amines as raw materials. The interfacial tension of the surfactant was investigated using a rotational interfacial tensiometer, and the critical micelle concentration was determined. The corrosion inhibition properties of the dual-functional agents were measured by weight loss experiments, electrochemical tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the prepared surfactants exhibited interfacial tension as low as 10−2 mN m−1. The dual-functional surfactants possessed both low interfacial tension and promising corrosion inhibition effects. Electrochemical tests and SEM analysis showed that an adsorption layer preventing corrosion was formed on the surface of A3 steel. The adsorption of the dual-functional surfactants followed the Langmuir isotherm. The experimental data were also supported by quantum calculations.
The Neural and Computational Architecture of Feedback Dynamics in Mouse Cortex during Stimulus Report
Authors: Ciceri Simone , Oude Lohuis Matthijs N. , Rottschäfer Vivi , Pennartz Cyriel M. A. , Avitabile Daniele , van Gaal Simon , Olcese Umberto
Published: September 2024

Conscious reportability of visual input is associated with a bimodal neural response in the primary visual cortex (V1): an early-latency response coupled to stimulus features and a late-latency response coupled to stimulus report or detection. This late wave of activity, central to major theories of consciousness, is thought to be driven by the prefrontal cortex (PFC), responsible for “igniting” it. Here we analyzed two electrophysiological studies in mice performing different stimulus detection tasks and characterized neural activity profiles in three key cortical regions: V1, posterior parietal cortex (PPC), and PFC. We then developed a minimal network model, constrained by known connectivity between these regions, reproducing the spatiotemporal propagation of visual- and report-related activity. Remarkably, while PFC was indeed necessary to generate report-related activity in V1, this occurred only through the mediation of PPC. PPC, and not PFC, had the final veto in enabling the report-related late wave of V1 activity.
Prior Negative Experience Biases Activity of Medial Amygdala during Interstrain Social Engagement in Male Rats
Authors: Ritger Alexandra C. , Rasheed Nimah M. , Padival Mallika , Ferrara Nicole C. , Rosenkranz J. Amiel
Published: September 2024

Social recognition is an essential part of social function and often promotes specific social behaviors based on prior experience. Social and defensive behaviors in particular often emerge with prior experiences of familiarity or novelty/stress, respectively. This is also commonly seen in rodents toward same-strain and interstrain conspecifics. Medial amygdala (MeA) activity guides social choice based on age and sex recognition and is sensitive to social experiences. However, little is known about whether the MeA exhibits differential responses based on strain or how this is impacted by experience. Social stress impacts posterior MeA (MeAp) function and can shift measures of social engagement. However, it is unclear how stress impacts MeAp activity and contributes to altered social behavior. The primary goal of this study in adult male Sprague Dawley rats was to determine whether prior stress experience with a different-strain (Long–Evans) rat impacts MeAp responses to same-strain and different-strain conspecifics in parallel with a change in behavior using in vivo fiber photometry. We found that MeAp activity was uniformly activated during social contact with a novel same-strain rat during a three-chamber social preference test following control handling but became biased toward a novel different-strain rat following social stress. Socially stressed rats also showed initially heightened social interaction with novel same-strain rats but showed social avoidance and fragmented social behavior with novel different-strain rats relative to controls. These results indicate that heightened MeAp activity may guide social responses to novel, threatening, rather than non-threatening, social stimuli after stress.
Distinct Neuron Types Contribute to Hybrid Auditory Spatial Coding
Authors: Chen Chenggang , Song Sen
Published: September 2024

Neural decoding is a tool for understanding how activities from a population of neurons inside the brain relate to the outside world and for engineering applications such as brain–machine interfaces. However, neural decoding studies mainly focused on different decoding algorithms rather than different neuron types which could use different coding strategies. In this study, we used two-photon calcium imaging to assess three auditory spatial decoders (space map, opponent channel, and population pattern) in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the dorsal inferior colliculus of male and female mice. Our findings revealed a clustering of excitatory neurons that prefer similar interaural level difference (ILD), the primary spatial cues in mice, while inhibitory neurons showed random local ILD organization. We found that inhibitory neurons displayed lower decoding variability under the opponent channel decoder, while excitatory neurons achieved higher decoding accuracy under the space map and population pattern decoders. Further analysis revealed that the inhibitory neurons’ preference for ILD off the midline and the excitatory neurons’ heterogeneous ILD tuning account for their decoding differences. Additionally, we discovered a sharper ILD tuning in the inhibitory neurons. Our computational model, linking this to increased presynaptic inhibitory inputs, was corroborated using monaural and binaural stimuli. Overall, this study provides experimental and computational insight into how excitatory and inhibitory neurons uniquely contribute to the coding of sound locations.
Influence of spectral quality on the rooting of Corymbia and Eucalyptus spp. minicuttings
Authors: Souza Denys Matheus Santana Costa , Avelar Maria Lopes Martins , Silva Eduardo Oliveira , Duarte Vinícius Politi , Gonçalves Douglas Santos , Molinari Letícia Vaz , Brondani Gilvano Ebling
Published: September 2024

The pursuit of better adaptation in clonal plants seedling production processes based on the minicutting technique has expanded the use of species and hybrid combinations of genera Corymbia and Eucalyptus in the composition of commercial crops. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of spectral quality on the rooting of Eucalyptus andrewsii, E. saligna, E. microcorys, E. cloeziana, E. pilularis, E. grandis, E. grandis × E. urophylla and Corymbia torelliana minicuttings to help better understanding the production of clonal plants. E. grandis × E. urophylla and C. torelliana root anatomy was analyzed. The effects of spectral quality on the rooting of minicuttings were evaluated based on three sources (fluorescent, red and blue). Survival (SUR), callogenesis (CAL), oxidation (OXI) and rooting (RO) percentage; length (RL) and diameter of the largest root (ROD); mean number of roots per minicutting (NRM), root epidermis thickness (RET), root cortex diameter (RCD), diameter of the root vascular cylinder (DRVC) and root diameter (RD) were evaluated at 30 days. Based on the results, wavelength specificity was a useful technology to optimize the large-scale production of clonal plants of Eucalyptus. Fluorescent spectral quality was the most appropriate source in the rooting of E. saligna (68.7%), E. microcorys (43.7%), E. pilularis (75.0%) and C. torelliana (75.0%) minicuttings; blue spectral quality was the most appropriate for E. andrewsii (55.5%), E. grandis (75.0%) and E. grandis × E. urophylla (81.3%); and red spectral quality was the most appropriate for E. cloeziana (56.2%).
Obraz kobiety w publicystyce Jana Zamorskiego (1874–1948)
Authors:   Zespół Szkół Ekonomicznych im. A. i J. Vetterów w Lublinie, Maślach Arkadiusz
Published: September 2024

The aim of this article is to present Jan Zamorski’s views on the role and place of women in public life. Zamorski was one of the most important National Democracy politicians in Austrian Galicia and during the Second Polish Republic. In his memoirs and journalism, he wrote that women should be socially and politically active. On this issue, he had a different opinion from Roman Dmowski. In Zamorski’s opinion, women were supposed to perpetuate traditional principles and ethical norms. Women were to form, shape and educate the nation – the most important value for nationalists. A special role in this process fell to rural women, who were formed by the moral norms in force there.
Strategi Optimalisasi Circular Economy berbasis Food Waste: Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Yulianto Aditya Nanda , Mahmud Amir
Published: September 2024

Sustainability is currently the focus of the government in various long-term national development policies, balancing various aspects ranging from environmental sustainability, economic, social, cultural and others. One interesting aspect study is about sustainable consumption. Studies related to consumption behavior so as not to pollute the environment and waste-based waste have not been widely carried out and integrated. Sustainable consumption is also able as an effort to optimize circular economy strategies that can be carried out including by students in higher education. Based on these problems, the purpose of this research is to conduct a study and preparation of circular economy optimization strategies based on food waste based on the participation of Semarang State University students, involving various stakeholders related to sustainable consumption. The research methodology is a mixed methods approach, namely qualitative by means of interviews, observation and documentation and quantitative through stakeholder interaction mapping using MACTOR (Matric of Alliance, Conflicts, Tactics, Objectives, Recommendations). The results concluded that the role of actors/stakeholders is very important in efforts to optimize the circular economy based on food waste. Actors/stakeholders consist of ABCGM elements, namely Academics, Business, Community, Government and Media. Actors with the highest/strongest level of convergence are AKADEMISI1, KOMUNITAS1 and MAHASISWA1. Meanwhile, the strongest goals/objectives that are able to collaborate the actors/stakeholders in achieving the research objectives are the Ability to Innovate and Competitiveness (INOVASI), Natural Balance, Production and Profit (3P) and Community Empowerment (BERDAYA).
ACTIVITIES OF YAKUTSK URBAN SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES DURING THE FOOD CRISIS OF THE REVOLUTION OF 1917
Authors: САВВИНОВ П.О.
Published: September 2024

Цель исследования - анализ деятельности органов городского самоуправления г. Якутска по снабжению населения продуктами и товарами первой необходимости в годы революции 1917 г. На основе принципов историзма, объективности, системности и комплексности впервые рассмотрены меры, принимаемые системой городского общественного самоуправления по преодолению продовольственного кризиса и дефицита товаров. Ретроспективный подход позволил установить причинно-следственные связи в процессе решения данного вопроса. Показано, что при общей политической и экономической конъюнктуре продовольственный вопрос не был решен и в Якутске, а меры, принимаемые органами городского самоуправления, не были достаточно эффективными.

The relevance of the research theme is due to the lack of studies on the Yakutsk urban self-government bodies in the context of the food crisis during the Revolution of 1917. The purpose of the study was to analyze the activities of the Yakutsk urban self-government to resolve the food issue during the period under consideration. The author evaluated the measures of the city self-government aimed at solving food difficulties. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the issue based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, consistency, and comprehensiveness. The use of the retrospective method as a research tool made it possible to reveal cause-and-effect relationship and regularities in the historical development of the problem under consideration. The study established that during the food crisis of the Revolution of 1917, the functions of urban self-government to provide the population with food products were transferred to the Food Committee (council), and the city authorities of Yakutsk could send their representatives to the food committees. Protecting the interests of the citizens, the urban self-government bodies of Yakutsk resisted some of the measures taken by the Food Committee. However, it should be noted that the confrontation between the city authorities of Yakutsk and the regional Food Committee was caused by a political struggle in the City Duma between the factions of Social Democrats (RSDLP), Socialists-Revolutionaries (PSR) and Federalists (LUF). The urban self-government bodies received food and essential goods for sale to the population of Yakutsk upon request from the regional Food Committee. In general, under the conditions of the Revolution of 1917 and the ongoing First World War, no measures taken by the city self-government bodies were not effective enough to resolve the food issue.
REPORT ON THE INSPECTION OF THE ARKHANGELSK MILITARY PORT IN 1870: A NEW SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN NAVY
Authors: МАНВЕЛОВ Н.В.
Published: September 2024

Восемь лет спустя после ликвидации в 1862 г. главного военного порта, единственного на Русском Севере, в 1870 г., в Архангельск был направлен c ревизией капитан 2-го ранга Н.В. Копытов. Проверка выявила проблемы с базированием боевых судов в Архангельском порту, отсутствие у Российской империи боевых судов для охраны побережья Русского Севера, низкий интерес местной гражданской администрации к использованию имущества, ранее принадлежавшего Российскому Императорскому флоту и переданного властям города. Комплекс нерешенных проблем появился после процедуры ликвидации, включая беззащитность зверобойных и рыболовных промыслов, расположенных на побережье Русского Севера. Были внесены конкретные предложения по решению ряда проблем, но они остались без внимания руководства Морского ведомства. В настоящей статье впервые публикуется группа архивных документов, касавшихся результатов этой проверки и отложившихся в Российском государственном архиве Военно-Морского флота (Санкт-Петербург).

In 1870, eight years after the liquidation of the main military port in 1862, the only one in the Russian North, an inspection was sent to Arkhangelsk, entrusted to Captain 2nd rank N.V. Kopytov. The revision identified problems with basing combat ships in the Arkhangelsk port, the lack of combat ships for the Russian Empire to protect the coast of the Russian North, and low interest of the local civil administration in the use of property that previously belonged to the Russian Imperial Navy and was transferred to the authorities of the city of Arkhangelsk. The inspection revealed a set of unresolved problems that remained after the liquidation procedure, including the vulnerabilities of hunting and fishing industries located on the coast of the Russian North. The inspector made specific proposals that went unnoticed by the leadership of the Naval Department. For the first time, the article publishes and introduces into scientific circulation a group of archival documents based on the results of this inspection, preserved in the Russian State Archives of the Navy (St. Petersburg).
The Motif of Temptation in the Works of L. M. Leonov in the 1920s
Authors: Zadorina Alena
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the motif of temptation, which goes back to the texts of the Holy Scriptures, in the early novels of L. M. Leonov, representing the combination of the symbolic aesthetics and the completion of social realistic discourse. The components of the biblical story plot about the Temptation of Christ in the desert were identified, analyzed and compared with their version in L. M. Leonov’s texts using the structural-typological method and the method of motif analysis. The emphasis is on the allomotives of temptation by pride and power and on the related motives of falling/flight, the images of the abyss and the demon-tempter. In the process of analysis, the internal connections of the motif in question with other biblical stories (e.g., the Tower of Babel, christening, the prodigal son) were revealed, which allows us to assess the specifics of the artistic concept. As a result, despite the writer’s obvious reliance on the biblical story through indirect and partial quoting and repetition of actions, the author largely deviates from the very tone of religious discourse, replacing it with an ironic one, which is carried out using travesty, hyperbolization and grotesque. However, a number of the author’s artistic innovations in the treatment of the Holy Scripture plots still retains a connection with the original source, as a result of which the text is read and recognized by a knowledgeable reader through allusions, reminiscences and variations on the theme of the pretext. All of the above becomes a guide to one of the key ideas in Leonov’s work — the idea of cognition
THE SHORT STORY OF L. N. TOLSTOY “CANDLE”: FROM CONCEPTION TO ARTISTIC EMBODIMENT
Authors: Gorodilova Natalia
Published: September 2024

The topic of the article is the history of the text of style of Tolstoy’s folk short stories “Candle” (1886). For the first time, the article presents in full the draft manuscripts of the short story (autograph, two copies and proofreading without author’s edits), which were arranged in accordance with the chronology of the writer’s work on them. The textological analysis led to the conclusion that the plot, the system of images, and the composition of the short story were already formed at the stage of the autograph, and the author’s corrections were not so much stylistic as semantic and, above all, took into account the new addressee of Tolstoy’s work — the reader from the common people. The writer’s main focus in the course of creative work was to make the central idea of the short story — non-resistance to evil by violence — understandable and accessible to the reader, who is not experienced in understanding the artistic subtleties of the work. This determined the introduction of a more detailed description of the serf morals into the short story, the persistent aggravation of the conflict between the peasants and the clerk, and the strengthening of didactic pathos through the introduction of gospel quotations and the moral maxim of the narrator that completes the short story. At the same time, Tolstoy wrote a literary text in which the idea was embodied by various means of figurative expression, not a journalistic treatise or a teaching of a religious nature.
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Nirsevimab in Immunocompromised Children
Authors: Domachowske Joseph , Hamrén Ulrika Wählby , Banu Irfana , Baronio Roberta , Basavaraju Bhanu , Koen Anthonet , Leach Amanda , Mankad Vaishali S. , Pannaraj Pia S. , Soler-Palacin Pere , Takas Therese , Mori Masaaki , Villafana Tonya ,   MUSIC Study Group
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Immunocompromised children may have increased risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), potentially leading to prolonged hospitalization, intensive care, and death. The open-label phase II MUSIC trial evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of nirsevimab, an extended half-life monoclonal antibody against RSV, in immunocompromised children aged ≤24 months.

METHODS

Participants received a single intramuscular injection of nirsevimab (first RSV season: 50 mg if <5 kg/100 mg if ≥5 kg; second season: 200 mg). Safety, antidrug antibodies, and pharmacokinetics were evaluated to day 361.

RESULTS

Participants (n = 100) had ≥1 immunocompromising conditions: primary immunodeficiency (n = 33), previous transplantation (n = 16), HIV infection (n = 8) or treatment with high-dose systemic corticosteroids (n = 29), immunosuppressive chemotherapy (n = 20), or other immunosuppressive therapies (n = 15). Six children experienced eight treatment-related adverse events (none categorized as serious). Three deaths occurred, all were unrelated to treatment. Eleven children, developed antidrug antibodies, with minimal effects on pharmacokinetics and no apparent impact on safety. Nirsevimab serum concentrations at day 151 were similar to those effective in preventing medically attended RSV LRTI in healthy infants. Fourteen children had increased nirsevimab clearance. No protocol-defined medically attended RSV LRTIs occured through day 151.

CONCLUSIONS

Among immunocompromised children aged ≤24 months, nirsevimab was well tolerated with no safety concerns and serum concentrations were supportive of efficacy. A subset of children with increased nirsevimab clearance, had conditions potentially associated with protein loss; however, the impact on efficacy is unknown.
What Connects Mongol Rulers with the Chinese World: Imperial Edicts, a Literal Translation Style, and Spoken Chinese
Authors: Funada Yoshiyuki
Published: September 2024

This study examines the influence of Mongolian language on spoken Chinese, with a focus on the Sino-Mongolian, or Chinese language translated using the literal translation style (zhiyi-ti 直譯體) from Mongolian. Sino-Mongolian was a type of contact language, based on the Chinese vocabulary and Mongolian syntactic structure. Common linguistic elements are observed between Sino-Mongolian and the Chinese textbook No Gŏltae edited in the Koryŏ Kingdom under Mongol rule. The analysis confirms that No Gŏltae was not translated from Mongolian language but a type of spoken Chinese that was influenced and shaped by Sino-Mongolian through oral dissemination. Although Sino-Mongolian was an artificially translated language, the literal translation style may have been based on Altaic Pidgin Chinese. Hence, it was readily accepted in Northern China and naturally influenced and shaped the spoken Chinese there. It is concluded that the colloquial Chinese influenced by Sino-Mongolian, as observed in No Gŏltae, would be defined as Mongolo-Chinese, a type of Creole language.
Minimally invasive percutaneous technique for harvesting iliac crest graft using a tap and drill sleeve
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India, Kumar Rakesh , Mahajan Avijit ,   Swami Vivekanand Mult Speciality Hospital, Haryana, India, Sangwan Nitesh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India, Sood Ayush ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India, Ranjan Rajni ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India, Batra Ankit ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, India
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. Orthopedic surgeries often require acquiring cancellous bone grafts, commonly sourced from the iliac crest. Traditional harvesting methods pose risks of donor site morbidity, prompting interest in minimally invasive techniques. This study introduces and evaluates the efficacy and safety of a percutaneous technique using a tap and drill sleeve for iliac crest bone graft harvesting. This study aims to assess outcomes and complications associated with a minimally invasive percutaneous technique for iliac crest bone graft harvesting through a retrospective analysis of twenty patients undergoing upper limb reconstructive surgery. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on twenty patients who underwent upper limb reconstructive surgery between January and March 2023. The technique involved making a bone deep stab incision, precisely positioning a drill and tap sleeve, utilizing controlled tapping techniques, and extracting the graft. Post-operative assessments included evaluating pain levels, ambulation, and patient satisfaction. Results. The minimally invasive percutaneous technique demonstrated favorable outcomes, with reduced donor site morbidity observed. Within 24 hours post-operatively, 70% of patients reported low visual analogue scale scores, and 80% regained normal walking ability. No instances of post-operative paresthesia were reported. Conclusion. The examined minimally invasive percutaneous technique for iliac crest bone graft harvesting showed reliability and safety, particularly in low resource settings. Utilizing basic orthopedic tools such as tap and drill sleeves offers accessibility and affordability. This approach could effectively mitigate donor site morbidity in orthopedic reconstructive treatments.
Stigma and health literacy in individuals with COPD – a cross-sectional research
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Türkiye, Acar Elif , Doğan Nurhan ,   Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Türkiye
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. This study was conducted to evaluate the stigma and health literacy levels of individuals with COPD and to determine the relationship between stigma and health literacy. Material and methods. This study was conducted with 310 individuals with COPD between September 10, 2021 and March 10, 2022.Data were collected usingthe Patient Information Form, Health Literacy Scale and The Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale. Results. The average score of individuals on the Health Literacy Scale is 36.8±12.8, and the average score on the chronic illness anticipated stigma scale is 30.4±8.5. Health literacy scores are low in individuals over 65 years of age, female, married, unemployed, and secondhand smoke (p<0.05). Stigma score is high in individuals who are over 65 years old, male, single, and are not working due to illness (p<0.05). There is a significant relationship between the Health Literacy Scale and The Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale (p<0.05). Conclusion. It has been determined that age, gender, marital status and employment status affect both stigma and health literacy. It is recommended that the health literacy levels of individuals with COPD be evaluated and supported to increase their health literacy levels.
Caries experience in Indian children with cleft lip and palate – an observational study from a tertiary care centre
Authors:   Department of Dentistry, Malda Medical College and Hospital, Malda, India, Mukhopadhyay Santanu , Mukhopadhyay Prasun ,   Command Military Dental Centre (Southern Command), Pune, India
Published: September 2024

Introduction and aim. This study aims to assess caries experience in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Material and methods. A total of 127 children (aged 3-12 years) with CLP and 141 non-cleft controls were assessed for dental caries using the decayed-extracted/missing-filled teeth (deft/DMFT) index. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with dental caries. Statistical tests, including t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test, were used to analyze differences between cleft and non-cleft populations. Results. In primary teeth, caries prevalence was significantly higher in children with CLP (63.8%) compared to non-cleft controls (40.4%, p<0.001). The deft scores were 3.30 for CLP and 1.63 for non-CLP group (p<0.01). No significant difference was observed in mean DMFT scores (p=0.02). Significant variations in caries prevalence (p=0.01) and mean DMFT values (p=0.001) were noted in permanent dentition among different cleft groups. Conclusion. Children with CLP show higher caries prevalence and experience, emphasizing the need for targeted dental care interventions in this population. Logistic regression analysis highlights an age-related increase in caries experience among individuals with CLP.
The development of a combined system of frequency automatic construction of radio monitoring tools with first astatism
Authors: Hatsenko Serhiy , Vasylyaiko Ivan , Burlak Dmytro
Published: September 2024

At the present time, phase auto-adjustment systems are widely used, in which frequency stabilization and frequency tracking is achieved due to phasing of the reference (setting) and control voltages. Frequency auto-adjustment systems solve this problem as a result of direct measurement of the difference in frequencies of the reference and control voltages, and reduction of this difference. The scientific task solved in the research is to increase the dynamic characteristics of automatic tuning systems, to increase the dynamic accuracy and speed of frequency auto-tuning systems of radio monitoring devices with astatism. Therefore, the object of research is the system of automatic self-adjustment of military radio monitoring equipment. The subject of the research is the dynamic, root mean square errors of automatic self-tuning systems under different laws of change of the disturbing influence (input signal frequency deviation) and the speed of the systems. The methods of analysis and synthesis, the theory of complex technical systems and the theory of radio receiving devices were chosen as the basic mathematical apparatus in the proposed research. The research proposed a combined system of frequency auto-adjustment of radio monitoring devices with astatism, as well as basic mathematical expressions that describe its operation. In the process of research the following tasks were solved:
– an analysis of the dynamic characteristics of a static system of frequency auto-adjustment with the principle of deviation control was performed;
– a functional scheme and a mathematical model of a combined frequency auto-adjustment system with first-order astatism and increased speed were developed.
One of the important advantages of the proposed mathematical model is the increased efficiency of frequency tuning depending on the type of signal compared to known frequency autotuning. This is accepted not only in the case of changes in the disturbing influence according to deterministic laws, but also in the case of random disturbing influence.
The direction of further research should be considered the increase in dynamic accuracy (reduction of dynamic, root mean square errors) and speed of frequency auto-adjustment systems.
Kim, Hyun Jin, Samuel N.C. Lieu and Raoul McLaughlin. 2021. Rome and China: Points of Contact. London: Routledge; 978-0-36768-412-9 paperback £39.99.
Authors: Cobb Matthew A.
Published: September 2024

This is a review of Rome and China: Points of Contact by Hyun Jin Kim, Samual N.C. Lieu and Raoul McLaughlin published in 2021 by Routledge.
Computation of Policy Counterfactuals in Sequence Space
Authors: Hebden James , Winkler Fabian
Published: September 2024

We propose an efficient procedure to solve for policy counterfactuals in linear models with occasionally binding constraints in sequence space. Forecasts of the variables relevant for the policy problem, and their impulse responses to anticipated policy shocks, constitute sufficient information to construct valid counterfactuals. Knowledge of the structural model equations or filtering of structural shocks is not required. We solve for deterministic and stochastic paths under instrument rules as well as under optimal policy with commitment or subgame-perfect discretion. As an application, we compute counterfactuals of the U.S. economy after the pandemic shock of 2020 under several monetary policy regimes.
Marital adjustment and marital self-efficacy levels of married individuals based on former university accommodation
Authors: Erdoğdu Aslan Begüm Özgün , Çuhadaroğlu Alper
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study to examine the differentiation status of university graduate married individuals in marital adjustment and marital self-efficacy levels in the context of their experiences of living with or apart from the family during their university years. Quantitative and qualitative data collection methods were used to investigate, and the research was designed in a sequential explanatory design. According to this, quantitative data were collected using data collection tools and subsequently qualitative data were obtained through interviews. The findings of the quantitative data obtained from 324 participants (185 females, 140 males) did not indicate a statistically significant difference in terms of marital compatibility and marital self-efficacy based on their housing situations during their university years. In the findings obtained from the qualitative data, gathered from 20 (10 female and 10 male) participants, was determined that the participant's experiences and several factors that make differences in marital adjustment and self-efficacy levels. It appears that the discrepancy in parallelism between the quantitative and qualitative data outcomes may be due to the fact that these results were presented by separate working groups. Application and study suggestions were presented to researchers and field experts in line with the information obtained from the research findings.
Instagram Story Effects Usage Scale (ISEUS): A scale for user tendencies in social media
Authors: Tabak Melisa Yudum , Kahraman Süleyman
Published: September 2024

In today's technology, especially on Instagram, story effects have been used frequently by women. These effects make the face perfect by performing aesthetic procedures and make-up on the face. As a result of this perfection, the use of Instagram story effects can negatively affect women's perceptions of beauty. Additionally, the usage of beauty affects might make women have poor body image by diminishing their self-esteem and confidence and raising their social anxiety. This may lead to a rise in young girls seeking plastic surgery, particularly during adolescence. A scale related to the use of Instagram story effects and its effect on the perception of beauty has not previously been developed in order to measure this situation. Including this scale in the literature will open the door for further research that will support and raise awareness of the issue. As a result, an 8-item Instagram Story Effects Usage Scale (ISEUS) was developed in this study using data from 147 Instagram story effects users. In order to reveal the construct validity of ISEUS, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied. The results show that the developed scale's psychometric properties are satisfactory. ISEUS is intended to be used in a variety of research projects that bring together different disciplines.
Investigation of the Mediator Role of Career Adapt-abilities in the Relationship Between Big Five Factor Personality Traits and Career Distress
Authors: Korkmaz Ozan , Doğanülkü Hacı Arif
Published: September 2024

Career distress is an important construct for understanding career development in young adults. Revealing the variables associated with this construct has the potential to contribute to the reduction and prevention of career distress. The aim of this study, which was carried out in this direction, is to examine the mediating role of career adapt-abilities in the relationship between career distress and five-factor personality traits of university students. The research was conducted with 369 university students. Big Five Personality Traits Scale, Turkish five‑factor short form of the Career Adapt‑Abilities Scale and Career Distress Scale were used as data collection tools. Data analyzes were performed using Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling method. The findings of the study showed that career adapt-abilities play a full mediator role in the relationship between career distress and extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness personality traits. In addition, career adapt-abilities have a partial mediator role in the relations between career distress and neuroticism and openness to experience personality traits. The results of the study were discussed considering the theoretical basis and previous research. Recommendations for practitioners and researchers are presented.
Ceci n’est pas une mycose !
Authors: BELLAKEHAL M. , LANG P.-N. , DE LAMBERTERIE J.-B.
Published: September 2024

La kératolyse ponctuée plantaire est une pathologie liée à la prolifération de Corynebacterium spp. au niveau des pieds. Elle est favorisée par l’hyperhidrose et le manque d’hygiène. Sous-évaluée car souvent méconnue et confondue avec une mycose, elle est pourtant fréquente dans nos armées et nécessite des antibiotiques topiques en première intention.
Robotic Process Automation and its Impact on Purchasing and Supply Chain Management
Authors: Tirado Avila Julio David , Mecola Bernedo Jesus Christopher
Published: September 2024

Este artículo explora de manera integral la automatización robótica de procesos y su impacto en la gestión de compras y cadena de suministros. La automatización robótica de procesos (RPA) está transformando la gestión de compras y la cadena de suministro al permitir la automatización de tareas repetitivas y basadas en reglas, como el procesamiento de pedidos y la conciliación de facturas. Esta tecnología trae consigo beneficios significativos, como un aumento en la eficiencia, reducción de errores, disminución de costos operativos y liberación de recursos humanos para actividades más valiosas. No obstante, su implementación exitosa requiere identificar cuidadosamente los procesos apropiados, integrarla correctamente con los sistemas existentes, gestionar el cambio efectivamente y abordar desafíos como la inversión inicial, seguridad de datos y las limitaciones que presenta para tareas no rutinarias.
Evolutionary clinical characteristics of single application of calcium alginate in second-degree burns
Authors: Carranza-Castillo Julio Enrique
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas evolutivas de la aplicación única de alginato de calcio en el tratamiento de quemaduras de segundo grado. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, cuantitativo, en el cual se incluyeron 64 pacientes con quemaduras de segundo grado A y B que acudieron a la Clínica Fátima de Trujillo, Clínica Farmédica, y al Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray (Essalud), de quienes se evaluaron 83 lesiones de quemadura y se evaluó el tiempo de curación, dolor, infección, aceptación y curación adicional en cada quemadura. Resultados: Las quemaduras evaluadas fueron 44 de segundo grado A y 39 de segundo grado B, asimismo, el 60.9% de pacientes fueron de sexo femenino, y el 39.1%, masculino; la edad prevalente fue 30-59 años (32.8%) seguido de 1 a 11 años (29.7%). Al aplicar alginato de calcio, el tiempo promedio de curación para la totalidad de los pacientes fue del 16,3 días, hubo dolor leve en 97% de casos, ningún caso presentó infección, se reportó un rechazo al alginato en cada grupo, lo que representa el 2,4%, y requirieron curación adicional el 2,3 % en quemaduras de segundo grado A y 17,9% las de segundo grado B. Conclusión: El alginato de calcio es una alternativa para el tratamiento de quemaduras de segundo grado, el tiempo promedio de curacion fue 16 días, ninguna infeccion, no presentaron rechazo al aposito, el dolor fue leve en la mayoría de pacientes.
Enhancing Graduate Studies with Interactive Videos: Uncovering Student and Instructor Perspectives on Motivation, Self-Efficacy, and Future Intentions
Authors: Gedik Nuray , Yiğit Barış , Demirtaş İlknur , Gedik Kadir , Yiğit Avdan Zehra
Published: September 2024

Laboratory-based courses and research studies play a crucial role in many fields in higher education. With the idea that the creation and use of interactive materials of experimental periods can be a potentially transformative teaching and learning experience, graduate students and instructors have been trained to design and integrate interactive videos as part of their experimental studies. This study aimed to explore self-efficacy, motivation and future intentions of graduate student and instructors to develop and use interactive videos as a learning material. Using a mixed-method approach via a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, data were collected from graduate students and instructors before and after face-to-face/online trainings on the design and use of interactive videos. Data were analyzed descriptively for the survey items on motivation and perceptions on the use of interactive videos for graduate experiments. For the interview data, the data were analyzed based on specific themes. The results showed that the self-efficacy of the participants have been increased and they had high motivation and strong intention to use interactive videos for a number of reasons. As the participants' self-efficacy has improved, they reported positive perceptions regarding the contributions of interactive videos to their understanding of experimental processes. The findings showed that graduate students shooting an experimental process with their presence can yield better learning outcomes for other graduate students. The results can be valuable for demonstrating potential use of interactive videos during laboratory-based educational and research contexts.
Effects of Instructional Intervention Programs on Reading Skills of Students with Reading Difficulties
Authors: Filiz Tunahan , Demir Mustafa , Kaya Metin
Published: September 2024

Evaluating the impacts of instructional intervention programs on students with reading difficulties is important for setting guidelines to teachers, researchers, and policy-makers. The aim of this research is to examine how these interventions initiatives impact the reading abilities of students diagnosed with reading difficulties (RD). 38 impact sizes obtained from 17 meta-analysis studies are analysed with second order meta-analysis method. These studies included are carried out between 1999 and 2023, and focus on the effects of instructional intervention programs on the reading abilities of individuals who experience difficulties in reading. Finally, in the analysis, it is decided that the impact of instructional intervention programmes on students with RD is mid-range (g= .50). Also, instructional intervention programs caused important differences according to the type of intervention, quality level, and the year of publication on the reading abilities of individuals with RD. It is determined that comprehension strategy instruction (CSI) intervention programs are more efficient than foundational reading skills instruction (FRSI) and multicomponent instruction (MI) intervention programs. It is necessary to make more experimental studies to determine if instructional interventions cause meaningful differences in terms of the characteristics of participant students. It can also be beneficial to carry out primary meta-analysis studies that test the impact of instructional interventions on the reading abilities of individuals with RD who are determined with standardized tests.
The Impact of Using Writing-to-Learn Activities and Literary Products on Students’ Academic Achievement in Social Studies Course
Authors: Yıldırım Münevver , Şimşek Ufuk
Published: September 2024

The present study aims to investigate the impact of using writing to learn activities and literary products on students’ academic achievement by employing a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design and was con-ducted with 101 seventh graders in a secondary school affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Erzurum, Türkiye, in the 2022/23 academic year, with 2 classrooms selected as the experimental group and 1 as the control group. For teaching the subject matter related to the course unit of “Culture and Heritage”, writing-to-learn activities were engaged in for the purpose of teaching one of the groups (EG1, n=35), while activities based on literary products were used in the other (EG2, n=33), yet curriculum-based teaching was sustained for the control group (CG, n=33). The Culture and Heritage Academic Achievement Test developed by the researcher was used as a data collection tool in the study. While no statistical significance was noted between the groups considering the pre-test results before the experimental study, the post-test results obtained after the experimental activities demonstrated a statistical significance in favour of the experimental groups. It was concluded that the use of writing-to-learn activities and literary products for learning purposes in the social studies course had a positive impact on students’ academic achievement.