bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topological determinants of self-sustained activity in a simple model of excitable dynamics on graphs
Authors: Fretter Christoph , Lesne Annick , Hilgetag Claus C. , Hütt Marc-Thorsten
Published: February 2017

Simple models of excitable dynamics on graphs are an efficient framework for studying the interplay between network topology and dynamics. This topic is of practical relevance to diverse fields, ranging from neuroscience to engineering. Here we analyze how a single excitation propagates through a random network as a function of the excitation threshold, that is, the relative amount of activity in the neighborhood required for the excitation of a node. We observe that two sharp transitions delineate a region of sustained activity. Using analytical considerations and numerical simulation, we show that these transitions originate from the presence of barriers to propagation and the excitation of topological cycles, respectively, and can be predicted from the network topology. Our findings are interpreted in the context of network reverberations and self-sustained activity in neural systems, which is a question of long-standing interest in computational neuroscience.
In vivo Pharmacological Evaluations of Pilocarpine-Loaded Antioxidant-Functionalized Biodegradable Thermogels in Glaucomatous Rabbits
Authors: Chou Shih-Feng , Luo Li-Jyuan , Lai Jui-Yang
Published: February 2017

To alleviate oxidative stress-induced ocular hypertension, grafting of antioxidant molecules to drug carriers enables a dual-function mechanism to effectively treat glaucomatous intraocular pressure (IOP) dysregulation. Providing potential application for intracameral administration of antiglaucoma medications, this study, for the first time, aims to examine in vivo pharmacological efficacy of pilocarpine-loaded antioxidant-functionalized biodegradable thermogels in glaucomatous rabbits. A series of gallic acid (GA)-grafted gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (GN) polymers were synthesized via redox reactions at 20–50 °C. Our results showed that raising redox radical initiation reaction temperature maximizes GA grafting level, antioxidant activity, and water content at 40 °C. Meanwhile, increase in overall hydrophilicity of GNGA carriers leads to fast polymer degradation and early pilocarpine depletion in vivo, which is disadvantageous to offer necessary pharmacological performance at prolonged time. By contrast, sustained therapeutic drug concentrations in aqueous humor can be achieved for long-term (i.e., 28 days) protection against corneal aberration and retinal injury after pilocarpine delivery using dual-function optimized carriers synthesized at 30 °C. The GA-functionalized injectable hydrogels are also found to contribute significantly to enhancement of retinal antioxidant defense system and preservation of histological structure and electrophysiological function, thereby supporting the benefits of drug-containing antioxidant biodegradable thermogels to prevent glaucoma development.
Partially orthogonal resonators for magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Chacon-Caldera Jorge , Malzacher Matthias , Schad Lothar R.
Published: February 2017

Resonators for signal reception in magnetic resonance are traditionally planar to restrict coil material and avoid coil losses. Here, we present a novel concept to model resonators partially in a plane with maximum sensitivity to the magnetic resonance signal and partially in an orthogonal plane with reduced signal sensitivity. Thus, properties of individual elements in coil arrays can be modified to optimize physical planar space and increase the sensitivity of the overall array. A particular case of the concept is implemented to decrease H-field destructive interferences in planar concentric in-phase arrays. An increase in signal to noise ratio of approximately 20% was achieved with two resonators placed over approximately the same planar area compared to common approaches at a target depth of 10 cm at 3 Tesla. Improved parallel imaging performance of this configuration is also demonstrated. The concept can be further used to increase coil density.
Dynamics of epidemic diseases on a growing adaptive network
Authors: Demirel Güven , Barter Edmund , Gross Thilo
Published: February 2017

The study of epidemics on static networks has revealed important effects on disease prevalence of network topological features such as the variance of the degree distribution, i.e. the distribution of the number of neighbors of nodes, and the maximum degree. Here, we analyze an adaptive network where the degree distribution is not independent of epidemics but is shaped through disease-induced dynamics and mortality in a complex interplay. We study the dynamics of a network that grows according to a preferential attachment rule, while nodes are simultaneously removed from the network due to disease-induced mortality. We investigate the prevalence of the disease using individual-based simulations and a heterogeneous node approximation. Our results suggest that in this system in the thermodynamic limit no epidemic thresholds exist, while the interplay between network growth and epidemic spreading leads to exponential networks for any finite rate of infectiousness when the disease persists.
A neural signature of the unique hues
Authors: Forder Lewis , Bosten Jenny , He Xun , Franklin Anna
Published: February 2017

Since at least the 17th century there has been the idea that there are four simple and perceptually pure “unique” hues: red, yellow, green, and blue, and that all other hues are perceived as mixtures of these four hues. However, sustained scientific investigation has not yet provided solid evidence for a neural representation that separates the unique hues from other colors. We measured event-related potentials elicited from unique hues and the ‘intermediate’ hues in between them. We find a neural signature of the unique hues 230 ms after stimulus onset at a post-perceptual stage of visual processing. Specifically, the posterior P2 component over the parieto-occipital lobe peaked significantly earlier for the unique than for the intermediate hues (Z = −2.9, p = 0.004). Having identified a neural marker for unique hues, fundamental questions about the contribution of neural hardwiring, language and environment to the unique hues can now be addressed.
All-in-one 3D printed microscopy chamber for multidimensional imaging, the UniverSlide
Authors: Alessandri Kevin , Andrique Laetitia , Feyeux Maxime , Bikfalvi Andreas , Nassoy Pierre , Recher Gaëlle
Published: February 2017

While live 3D high resolution microscopy techniques are developing rapidly, their use for biological applications is partially hampered by practical difficulties such as the lack of a versatile sample chamber. Here, we propose the design of a multi-usage observation chamber adapted for live 3D bio-imaging. We show the usefulness and practicality of this chamber, which we named the UniverSlide, for live imaging of two case examples, namely multicellular systems encapsulated in sub-millimeter hydrogel shells and zebrafish larvae. We also demonstrate its versatility and compatibility with all microscopy devices by using upright or inverted microscope configurations after loading the UniverSlide with fixed or living samples. Further, the device is applicable for medium/high throughput screening and automatized multi-position image acquisition, providing a constraint-free but stable and parallelized immobilization of the samples. The frame of the UniverSlide is fabricated using a stereolithography 3D printer, has the size of a microscopy slide, is autoclavable and sealed with a removable lid, which makes it suitable for use in a controlled culture environment. We describe in details how to build this chamber and we provide all the files necessary to print the different pieces in the lab.
New natural products identified by combined genomics-metabolomics profiling of marine Streptomyces sp. MP131-18
Authors: Paulus Constanze , Rebets Yuriy , Tokovenko Bogdan , Nadmid Suvd , Terekhova Larisa P. , Myronovskyi Maksym , Zotchev Sergey B. , Rückert Christian , Braig Simone , Zahler Stefan , Kalinowski Jörn , Luzhetskyy Andriy
Published: February 2017

Marine actinobacteria are drawing more and more attention as a promising source of new natural products. Here we report isolation, genome sequencing and metabolic profiling of new strain Streptomyces sp. MP131-18 isolated from marine sediment sample collected in the Trondheim Fjord, Norway. The 16S rRNA and multilocus phylogenetic analysis showed that MP131-18 belongs to the genus Streptomyces. The genome of MP131-18 isolate was sequenced, and 36 gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of 18 different types of secondary metabolites were predicted using antiSMASH analysis. The combined genomics-metabolics profiling of the strain led to the identification of several new biologically active compounds. As a result, the family of bisindole pyrroles spiroindimicins was extended with two new members, spiroindimicins E and F. Furthermore, prediction of the biosynthetic pathway for unusual α-pyrone lagunapyrone isolated from MP131-18 resulted in foresight and identification of two new compounds of this family – lagunapyrones D and E. The diversity of identified and predicted compounds from Streptomyces sp. MP131-18 demonstrates that marine-derived actinomycetes are not only a promising source of new natural products, but also represent a valuable pool of genes for combinatorial biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
Mangroves as a major source of soil carbon storage in adjacent seagrass meadows
Authors: Chen Guangcheng , Azkab Muhammad Husni , Chmura Gail L. , Chen Shunyang , Sastrosuwondo Pramudji , Ma Zhiyuan , Dharmawan I. Wayan Eka , Yin Xijie , Chen Bin
Published: February 2017

Mangrove forests have the potential to export carbon to adjacent ecosystems but whether mangrove-derived organic carbon (OC) would enhance the soil OC storage in seagrass meadows adjacent to mangroves is unclear. In this study we examine the potential for the contribution of mangrove OC to seagrass soils on the coast of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. We found that seagrass meadows adjacent to mangroves had significantly higher soil OC concentrations, soil OC with lower δ 13C, and lower bulk density than those at the non-mangrove adjacent meadows. Soil OC storage to 30 cm depth ranged from 3.21 to 6.82 kg C m−2, and was also significantly higher at the mangrove adjacent meadows than those non-adjacent meadows. δ13C analyses revealed that mangrove OC contributed 34 to 83% to soil OC at the mangrove adjacent meadows. The δ13C value of seagrass plants was also different between the seagrasses adjacent to mangroves and those which were not, with lower values measured at the seagrasses adjacent to mangroves. Moreover, we found significant spatial variation in both soil OC concentration and storage, with values decreasing toward sea, and the contribution of mangrove-derived carbon also reduced with distance from the forest.
Genetic variants in interferon-λ 4 influences HCV clearance in Chinese Han population
Authors: Huang Peng , Yao Yinan , Yue Ming , Tian Ting , Chen Hongbo , Chen Mingzhu , Wang Jie , Zhang Yun , Yu Rongbin
Published: February 2017

Recent many studies indicated a novel dinucleotide variant in ss469415590 (TT vs. ΔG) of interferon-λ 4 (IFNL4) gene strongly associated with hepatitis C virus clearance. To evaluate the impact and clinical usefulness of IFNL4 ss469415590 genotype on predicting both spontaneous HCV clearance and response to therapy in Chinese population, we genotyped 795 chronic HCV carriers, 460 subjects with HCV natural clearance and 362 patients with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin (PEG IFN-α/RBV) treatment. IFNL4 ss469415590 variant genotypes significantly decreased host HCV clearance, both spontaneous (dominant model: OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.36–0.71) and IFN-α induced (dominant model: OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.18–0.56). Multivariate stepwise analysis indicated that ss469415590, rs12979860, the level of baseline HCV RNA and platelet were as independent predictors for sustained virological response (SVR). But the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was only 0.58 for ss469415590, and it was elevated to 0.71 by adding rs12979860, baseline HCV RNA and platelet in the prediction model of SVR. Therefore, these findings underscore that although genetic factors of host and pathogen were commonly important during HCV clearance, ss469415590 may be also a strongly predictive marker in the Chinese population.
3-bromopyruvate ameliorate autoimmune arthritis by modulating Th17/Treg cell differentiation and suppressing dendritic cell activation
Authors: Okano Takaichi , Saegusa Jun , Nishimura Keisuke , Takahashi Soshi , Sendo Sho , Ueda Yo , Morinobu Akio
Published: February 2017

Recent studies have shown that cellular metabolism plays an important role in regulating immune cell functions. In immune cell differentiation, both interleukin-17-producing T (Th17) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit increased glycolysis through the upregulation of glycolytic enzymes, such as hexokinase-2 (HK2). Blocking glycolysis with 2-deoxyglucose was recently shown to inhibit Th17 cell differentiation while promoting regulatory T (Treg) cell generation. However, 2-DG inhibits all isoforms of HK. Thus, it is unclear which isoform has a critical role in Th17 cell differentiation and in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Here we demonstrated that 3-bromopyruvate (BrPA), a specific HK2 inhibitor, significantly decreased the arthritis scores and the histological scores in SKG mice, with a significant increase in Treg cells, decrease in Th17 cells, and decrease in activated DCs in the spleen. In vitro, BrPA facilitated the differentiation of Treg cells, suppressed Th17 cells, and inhibited the activation of DCs. These results suggested that BrPA may be a therapeutic target of murine arthritis. Although the role of IL-17 is not clarified in the treatment of RA, targeting cell metabolism to alter the immune cell functions might lead to a new therapeutic strategy for RA.
Temporal and spatial instability in neutral and adaptive (MHC) genetic variation in marginal salmon populations
Authors: Ciborowski Kate , Jordan William C , Garcia de Leaniz Carlos , Consuegra Sofia
Published: February 2017

The role of marginal populations for the long-term maintenance of species’ genetic diversity and evolutionary potential is particularly timely in view of the range shifts caused by climate change. The Centre-Periphery hypothesis predicts that marginal populations should bear reduced genetic diversity and have low evolutionary potential. We analysed temporal stability at neutral microsatellite and adaptive MHC genetic variation over five decades in four marginal Atlantic salmon populations located at the southern limit of the species’ distribution with a complicated demographic history, which includes stocking with foreign and native salmon for at least 2 decades. We found a temporal increase in neutral genetic variation, as well as temporal instability in population structuring, highlighting the importance of temporal analyses in studies that examine the genetic diversity of peripheral populations at the margins of the species’ range, particularly in face of climate change.
Nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon-silicon core-shell structures for high-power supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Tali S. A. Safiabadi , Soleimani-Amiri S. , Sanaee Z. , Mohajerzadeh S.
Published: February 2017

We report successful deposition of nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon films to realize high-power core-shell supercapacitor electrodes. A catalyst-free method is proposed to deposit large-area stable, highly conformal and highly conductive nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon (a-C:N) films by means of a direct-current plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique (DC-PECVD). This approach exploits C2H2 and N2 gases as the sources of carbon and nitrogen constituents and can be applied to various micro and nanostructures. Although as-deposited a-C:N films have a porous surface, their porosity can be significantly improved through a modification process consisting of Ni-assisted annealing and etching steps. The electrochemical analyses demonstrated the superior performance of the modified a-C:N as a supercapacitor active material, where specific capacitance densities as high as 42 F/g and 8.5 mF/cm2 (45 F/cm3) on silicon microrod arrays were achieved. Furthermore, this supercapacitor electrode showed less than 6% degradation of capacitance over 5000 cycles of a galvanostatic charge-discharge test. It also exhibited a relatively high energy density of 2.3 × 103 Wh/m3 (8.3 × 106 J/m3) and ultra-high power density of 2.6 × 108 W/m3 which is among the highest reported values.
Appropriateness of reference genes for normalizing messenger RNA in mouse 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis using quantitative real time PCR
Authors: Eissa Nour , Kermarrec Laëtitia , Hussein Hayam , Bernstein Charles N. , Ghia Jean-Eric
Published: February 2017

2,4-Dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis is an experimental model that mimics Crohn’s disease. Appropriateness of reference genes is crucial for RT-qPCR. This is the first study to determine the stability of reference gene expression (RGE) in mice treated with DNBS. DNBS experimental Colitis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice. RNA was extracted from colon tissue and comprehensive analysis of 13 RGE was performed according to predefined criteria. Relative colonic TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA levels were calculated. Colitis significantly altered the stability of mucosal RGE. Commonly used glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh), β-actin (Actb), or β2-microglobulin (β2m) showed the highest fluctuation within the inflamed and control groups. Conversely, ribosomal protein large P0 (Rplp0), non-POU domain containing (Nono), TATA-box-binding protein (Tbp) and eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (Eef2) were not affected by inflammation and were the most stable genes. TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA levels was dependent on the reference gene used and varied from significant when the most stable genes were used to non-significant when the least stable genes were used. The appropriate choice of RGE is critical to guarantee satisfactory normalization of RT-qPCR data when using DNBS-Model. We recommend using Rplp0, Nono, Tbp, Hprt and Eef2 instead of common reference genes.
Top-down, decoupled control of constitutive parameters in electromagnetic metamaterials with dielectric resonators of internal anisotropy
Authors: Koo Sukmo , Mason Daniel R. , Kim Yunjung , Park Namkyoo
Published: February 2017

A meta-atom platform providing decoupled tuning for the constitutive wave parameters remains as a challenging problem, since the proposition of Pendry. Here we propose an electromagnetic meta-atom design of internal anisotropy (εr ≠ εθ), as a pathway for decoupling of the effective- permittivity εeff and permeability μeff. Deriving effective parameters for anisotropic meta-atom from the first principles, and then subsequent inverse-solving the obtained decoupled solution for a target set of εeff and μeff, we also achieve an analytic, top-down determination for the internal structure of a meta-atom. To realize the anisotropy from isotropic materials, a particle of spatial permittivity modulation in r or θ direction is proposed. As an application example, a matched zero index dielectric meta-atom is demonstrated, to enable the super-funneling of a 50λ-wide flux through a sub-λ slit; unharnessing the flux collection limit dictated by the λ-zone.
CENP-A chromatin disassembly in stressed and senescent murine cells
Authors: Hédouin Sabrine , Grillo Giacomo , Ivkovic Ivana , Velasco Guillaume , Francastel Claire
Published: February 2017

Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for genomic stability. We report here the remarkable transcriptional and epigenetic perturbations at murine centromeres in genotoxic stress conditions. A strong and selective transcriptional activation of centromeric repeats is detected within hours. This is followed by disorganization of centromeres with striking delocalization of nucleosomal CENP-A, the key determinant of centromere identity and function, in a mechanism requiring active transcription of centromeric repeats, the DNA Damage Response (DDR) effector ATM and chromatin remodelers/histone chaperones. In the absence of p53 checkpoint, activated transcription of centromeric repeats and CENP-A delocalization do not occur and cells accumulate micronuclei indicative of genomic instability. In addition, activated transcription and loss of centromeres identity are features of permanently arrested senescent cells with persistent DDR activation. Together, these findings bring out cooperation between DDR effectors and loss of centromere integrity as a safeguard mechanism to prevent genomic instability in context of persistent DNA damage signalling.
Multilocus sequence analyses reveal extensive diversity and multiple origins of fluconazole resistance in Candida tropicalis from tropical China
Authors: Wu Jin-Yan , Guo Hong , Wang Hua-Min , Yi Guo-Hui , Zhou Li-Min , He Xiao-Wen , Zhang Ying , Xu Jianping
Published: February 2017

Candida tropicalis is among the most prevalent human pathogenic yeast species, second only to C. albicans in certain geographic regions such as East Asia and Brazil. However, compared to C. albicans, relatively little is known about the patterns of genetic variation in C. tropicalis. This study analyzed the genetic diversity and relationships among isolates of C. tropicalis from the southern Chinese island of Hainan. A total of 116 isolates were obtained from seven geographic regions located across the Island. For each isolate, a total of 2677 bp from six gene loci were sequenced and 79 (2.96%) polymorphic nucleotide sites were found in our sample. Comparisons with strains reported from other parts of the world identified significant novel diversities in Hainan, including an average of six novel sequences (with a range 1 to 14) per locus and 80 novel diploid sequence types. Most of the genetic variation was found within individual strains and there was abundant evidence for gene flow among the seven geographic locations within Hainan. Interestingly, our analyses identified no significant correlation between the diploid sequence types at the six loci and fluconazole susceptibility, consistent with multiple origins of fluconazole resistance in the Hainan population of C. tropicalis.
Gene Transfer of Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain 2 Inhibits Hypoxia-inducible Angiogenesis in a Model of Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Takei Anna , Ekström Malena , Mammadzada Parviz , Aronsson Monica , Yu Ma , Kvanta Anders , André Helder
Published: February 2017

Cellular responses to hypoxia are mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF). In normoxia, HIF-α proteins are regulated by a family of dioxygenases, through prolyl and asparagyl hydroxylation, culminating in proteasomal degradation and transcriptional inactivation. In hypoxia, the dioxygenases become inactive and allow formation of HIF transcription factor, responsible for upregulation of hypoxia genes. In ocular neoangiogenic diseases, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), hypoxia seems pivotal. Here, we investigate the effects of HIF regulatory proteins on the hypoxia pathway in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, critically involved in nAMD pathogenesis. Our data indicates that, in ARPE-19 cells, prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)2 is the most potent negative-regulator of the HIF pathway. The negative effects of PHD2 on the hypoxia pathway were associated with decreased HIF-1α protein levels, and concomitant decrease in angiogenic factors. ARPE-19 cells stably expressing PHD2 impaired angiogenesis in vitro by wound healing, tubulogenesis, and sprouting assays, as well as in vivo by iris-induced angiogenesis. Gene transfer of PHD2 in vivo resulted in mitigation of HIF-mediated angiogenesis in a mouse model of nAMD. These results may have implications for the clinical treatment of nAMD patients, particularly regarding the use of gene therapy to negatively regulate neoangiogenesis.
In situ study of oxidation states of platinum nanoparticles on a polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrode by near ambient pressure hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Takagi Yasumasa , Wang Heng , Uemura Yohei , Nakamura Takahiro , Yu Liwei , Sekizawa Oki , Uruga Tomoya , Tada Mizuki , Samjeské Gabor , Iwasawa Yasuhiro , Yokoyama Toshihiko
Published: February 2017

The oxidation states of platinum nanoparticles were observed by in situ NAP-HAXPES under a water pressure of 4000 Pa.
Determination of the equilibrium constant of C60 fullerene binding with drug molecules
Authors: Mosunov Andrei A. , Pashkova Irina S. , Sidorova Maria , Pronozin Artem , Lantushenko Anastasia O. , Prylutskyy Yuriy I. , Parkinson John A. , Evstigneev Maxim P.
Published: February 2017

C60-Fullerene/drug association is described by an up-scaled model that allows the microscopic equilibrium association constant to be correctly determined.
Proton transfer dynamics dictate quinone speciation at lipid-modified electrodes
Authors: Tse Edmund C. M. , Barile Christopher J. , Li Ying , Zimmerman Steven C. , Hosseini Ali , Gewirth Andrew A.
Published: February 2017

Proton-coupled electron transfer reactions are ubiquitous in biochemistry and alternative energy schemes.
Valence- and element-dependent water oxidation behaviors: in situ X-ray diffraction, absorption and electrochemical impedance spectroscopies
Authors: Hsu Chia-Shuo , Suen Nian-Tzu , Hsu Ying-Ya , Lin Hsuan-Yu , Tung Ching-Wei , Liao Yen-Fa , Chan Ting-Shan , Sheu Hwo-Shuenn , Chen San-Yuan , Chen Hao Ming
Published: February 2017

Various metal oxides of the spinel family have shown great potential towards the oxygen evolution reaction, but this behavior only works in specific cases.
Stability of reverse micelles in rare-earth separation: a chemical model based on a molecular approach
Authors: Chen Yushu , Duvail Magali , Guilbaud Philippe , Dufrêche Jean-François
Published: February 2017

A new molecular approach based on molecular dynamics simulations is proposed to investigate the stability of reverse micelles containing strategic metals in organic solution.
Use of site symmetry in supercell models of defective crystals: polarons in CeO2
Authors: Evarestov R. A. , Gryaznov D. , Arrigoni M. , Kotomin E. A. , Chesnokov A. , Maier J.
Published: February 2017

Polarons and oxygen site symmetry in hybrid DFT calculations.
Functionalized diamond nanothreads from benzene derivatives
Authors: Silveira J. F. R. V. , Muniz A. R.
Published: February 2017

The feasibility of functionalized diamond nanothreads generated upon stacking and covalent bonding of benzene derivative molecules is demonstrated by DFT.
Molecular and thin film properties of cobalt half-sandwich compounds for optoelectronic application
Authors: Reinhardt Maxwell , Dalgleish Simon , Shuku Yoshiaki , Reissig Louisa , Matsushita Michio M. , Crain Jason , Awaga Kunio , Robertson Neil
Published: February 2017

The structure and electronic properties of two cobalt half-sandwich complexes are described in view of their potential optoelectronic device application.
Effects of dietary glucocerebrosides from sea cucumber on the brain sphingolipid profiles of mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Song Yu , Cong Peixu , Lu Ling , Wang Yuming , Tang Qingjuan , Zhang Hongwei , Xu Jie , Xue Changhu
Published: February 2017

Alterations of sphingolipid levels in the hippocampus and cortex of normal, AD model, and SCG-treated mice.
Rice bran constituents: immunomodulatory and therapeutic activities
Authors: Park Ho-Young , Lee Kwang-Won , Choi Hee-Don
Published: February 2017

Rice bran, one of the most abundant and valuable byproducts produced during the rice milling process, is of steadily growing interest in recent years due to its potential health benefits.
A diet containing a high- versus low-daidzein level does not protect against liver steatosis in the obese Zucker rat model
Authors: Bell Andrea , Korourian Soheila , Zeng Huawei , Phelps Joshua , Hakkak Reza
Published: February 2017

Low daidzeinversushigh daidzein mean (±SD) body weights over 8 weeks.
Biphasic extraction of mechanocatalytically-depolymerized lignin from water-soluble wood and its catalytic downstream processing
Authors: Calvaruso Gaetano , Clough Matthew T. , Rinaldi Roberto
Published: February 2017

During saccharification of water-soluble wood, a dual 2-MeTHF/water solvent system enables extraction of low molecular weight lignin fragments.
Application of switchable hydrophilicity solvents for recycling multilayer packaging materials
Authors: Samorì Chiara , Cespi Daniele , Blair Paola , Galletti Paola , Malferrari Danilo , Passarini Fabrizio , Vassura Ivano , Tagliavini Emilio
Published: February 2017

A new procedure based on switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHS) was proposed for polyethylene and aluminium recovery from food aseptic packaging.
Predicting instrumental mass fractionation (IMF) of stable isotope SIMS analyses by response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Fàbrega C. , Parcerisa D. , Rossell J. M. , Gurenko A. , Franke C.
Published: February 2017

Instrumental mass fractionation (IMF) of isotopic SIMS analyses (Cameca 1280HR, CRPG Nancy) was predicted by response surface methodology (RSM) for the18O/16O determination of plagioclase, K-feldspar, and quartz.
Antioxidant intercalated Zn-containing layered double hydroxides: preparation, performance and migration properties
Authors: Zhang Qian , Jiao Qian , Leroux Fabrice , Tang Pinggui , Li Dianqing , Feng Yongjun
Published: February 2017

A Zn-containing LDH/PP composition has a high thermal stability and anti-migration ability, and is a highly promising candidate for possible applications.
Kinetic evidence for the formation of diazo ethers in the course of reactions between arenediazonium ions and antioxidants
Authors: Dudzik Anna , Jaszczuk Katarzyna , Losada-Barreiro Sonia , Bravo-Díaz Carlos
Published: February 2017

Non-zero, pH-dependent, saturation kinetics are observed in the course of the reaction between 3-methylbenzenediazonium ions and hydroxytyrosol.
Controlling the orientations of h-BN during growth on transition metals by chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zhao Ruiqi , Zhao Xiaolei , Liu Zhirong , Ding Feng , Liu Zhongfan
Published: February 2017

The alignments of triangular BN clusters are co-determined by the close stacking of metal substrates and the strong interaction between the edge atoms and metal surfaces.
Novel alkoxyamines for the successful controlled polymerization of styrene and methacrylates
Authors: Simula Alexandre , Aguirre Miren , Ballard Nicholas , Veloso Antonio , Leiza José R. , van Es Steven , Asua José M.
Published: February 2017

The design of alkoxyamine/nitroxide species capable of mediating the polymerization of both styrene and methacrylic monomers has been notoriously difficult.
Synthesis of white-light-emitting graphene quantum dots via a one-step reduction and their interfacial characteristics-dependent luminescence properties
Authors: Dong Pei , Jiang Bang-Ping , Liang Wen-Qian , Huang Yong , Shi Zujin , Shen Xing-Can
Published: February 2017

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have attracted great attention because of their possible applications in various fields.
Construction and properties of a light-harvesting antenna system for phosphorescent materials based on oligofluorene-tethered Pt–porphyrins
Authors: Yeo Hyeonuk , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki
Published: February 2017

Tetramerous molecular assemblies composed of four oligofluorenes as a light-harvesting antenna (LHA) and a Pt–porphyrin core as a phosphorescent chromophore were designed and synthesized for obtaining efficient phosphorescent materials.
Uniform and Janus-like nanoparticles in contact with vesicles: energy landscapes and curvature-induced forces
Authors: Agudo-Canalejo Jaime , Lipowsky Reinhard
Published: February 2017

We develop an analytical theory for the engulfment of nanoparticles by vesicles, and predict novel curvature-induced forces on uniform and Janus nanoparticles.
CH3NH2 gas induced (110) preferred cesium-containing perovskite films with reduced PbI6 octahedron distortion and enhanced moisture stability
Authors: Chang Yue , Wang Li , Zhang Jiliang , Zhou Zhongmin , Li Chongwen , Chen Bingbing , Etgar Lioz , Cui Guanglei , Pang Shuping
Published: February 2017

10% Cs cations could dope into the crystal lattice and form more symmetrical PbI6 octahedron with improved stability.
Few-layer MoS2flakes as a hole-selective layer for solution-processed hybrid organic hydrogen-evolving photocathodes
Authors: Bellani Sebastiano , Najafi Leyla , Capasso Andrea , Del Rio Castillo Antonio Esau , Antognazza Maria Rosa , Bonaccorso Francesco
Published: February 2017

Solution-processed H2-evolving hybrid organic PEC cells are boosted by using few-layer p-doped MoS2flakes as an efficient atomic-thick hole-selective layer.
Long term stability of air processed inkjet infiltrated carbon-based printed perovskite solar cells under intense ultra-violet light soaking
Authors: Hashmi Syed Ghufran , Tiihonen Armi , Martineau David , Ozkan Merve , Vivo Paola , Kaunisto Kimmo , Ulla Vainio , Zakeeruddin Shaik Mohammed , Grätzel Michael
Published: February 2017

The long term stability of air processed inkjet infiltrated carbon based perovskite solar cells (CPSCs) is investigated under intense ultra-violet light soaking equivalent to 1.5 Sun UV light illumination.
Identification of a unique gene expression signature in mercury and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin co-exposed cells
Authors: Jagannathan Lakshmanan , Jose Cynthia C. , Tanwar Vinay Singh , Bhattacharya Sudin , Cuddapah Suresh
Published: February 2017

Transcriptome profiling reveals that the cellular processes affected by Hg and TCDD in combination could be significantly different from those affected by Hg or TCDD alone.
Unusual binding selectivity with non-selective homoditopic pillar[5]arene oxime: serendipitous discovery of a unique approach to heterobinuclear metalation in solution
Authors: Yuan Xiangyang , Jia Yiming , Cai Yimin , Feng Wen , Li Yiming , Li Xiaopeng , Yuan Lihua
Published: February 2017

A unique approach to heterobinuclear complexation via vesicular formation in solution is described using a non-selective homoditopic pillar[5]arene.
Connectivity dependence of Fano resonances in single molecules
Authors: Ismael Ali K. , Grace Iain , Lambert Colin J.
Published: February 2017

Using a first principles approach combined with analysis of heuristic tight-binding models, we examine the connectivity dependence of two forms of quantum interference in single molecules.
Chelated bis(NHC) complexes of saturated (imidazolin-2-ylidene) NHC ligands: structural authentication and facile ligand fragmentation
Authors: Gardiner Michael G. , McGuinness David S. , Vanston Catriona R.
Published: February 2017

The first structurally characterised chelated, saturated bis(NHC) complexes are reported along with facile ligand fragmentations during their synthesis.
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as low-cost and green electrolytes for electrochromic devices
Authors: Cruz Hugo , Jordão Noémi , Branco Luís C.
Published: February 2017

The application of deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride or lithium chloride with ethylene glycol and glycerol as low-cost, recyclable and green electrolytes for electrochromic devices is reported.
Systematic investigation on the intracellular trafficking network of polymeric nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Jinxie , Chang Danfeng , Yang Yao , Zhang Xudong , Tao Wei , Jiang Lijuan , Liang Xin , Tsai Hsiangi , Huang Laiqiang , Mei Lin
Published: February 2017

A better understanding of intracellular trafficking mechanisms involved in polymeric nanoparticles is a prerequisite to clinical application.
Intramolecular Minisci acylation under silver-free neutral conditions for the synthesis of azafluorenones and fluorenones
Authors: Laha Joydev K. , Patel Ketul V. , Dubey Gurudutt , Jethava Krupal P.
Published: February 2017

An intramolecular Minisci acylation under silver-free neutral conditions providing access to azafluorenones and fluorenones has been developed.
Direct plasma synthesis of nano-capsules loaded with antibiotics
Authors: Lo Porto C. , Palumbo F. , Palazzo G. , Favia P.
Published: February 2017

Vancomycin containing nano-capsules have been synthesized in one step by means of aerosol-assisted atmospheric pressure plasma.
Correction: Ultra-thin ultraviolet cathodoluminescent device based on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Lee Dongju , Song Sung Ho
Published: February 2017

Correction for ‘Ultra-thin ultraviolet cathodoluminescent device based on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride’ by Dongju Lee et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 7831–7835.
5-(Dinitromethyl)-3-(trinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazole and its derivatives: a new application of oxidative nitration towards gem-trinitro-based energetic materials
Authors: Dharavath Srinivas , Zhang Jiaheng , Imler Gregory H. , Parrish Damon A. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: February 2017

A family of 5-(dinitromethyl)-3-(trinitromethyl)-1,2,4-triazole and its derivatives was prepared using a new application of oxidative nitration with gem-trinitro-based energetics. These new compounds show promise for future energetic materials.
Y chromosome polymorphisms may contribute to an increased risk of male-induced unexplained recurrent miscarriage
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Gang , Zuo Man-Zhen , Fang Jun-Hua , Li Hai-Rong , Quan Dan-Dan , Huang Lu , Peng Ping-Ping
Published: February 2017

The present study aims to explore the relationship between the Y chromosome polymorphisms (1qh+, inv(9), 9qh+, 16qh+, group D/G, Yqh– and Yqh+) and the risk of unexplained recurrent miscarriage (URM). A total of 507 couples with URM were recruited as case group and 465 healthy couples as control group. The Y chromosome polymorphisms of the male individuals were analysed with the G-banding technique, and the results of the chromosome G-banding analysis were determined using the International Naming Standards of Human Genetics (ISCN). Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the risk factors for URM. The detection rate of Y chromosome polymorphisms in the case group (12.03%) was higher than that in the control group (2.15%). Y chromosome polymorphisms were detected at significantly higher rates in the case group than in the control group. Using the normal Y chromosomes in individuals of the case group as reference, the partners of their counterparts were more likely to experience miscarriage. The couples who were Y chromosome-polymorphism carriers had shorter gestational age, increased frequency of URM and longer average interval between pregnancies. The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that Y chromosome polymorphisms, shorter gestational age, a higher frequency of miscarriage and longer pregnancy interval were independent risk factors for URM. Y chromosome polymorphisms may be associated with the risk of URM and may play an important role in the development of URM.
Mega primer-mediated molecular cloning strategy for chimaeragenesis and long DNA fragment insertion
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu Chang-Jun , Jiang Hui , Zhou Lu , Li Wen-Ying , Zhu Ling-Yun , Wu Lei , Meng Er , Zhang Dong-Yi
Published: February 2017

Molecular cloning methods based on primer and overlap-extension PCR are widely used due to their simplicity, reliability, low cost and high efficiency. In this article, an efficient mega primer-mediated (MP) cloning strategy for chimaeragenesis and long DNA fragment insertion is presented. MP cloning is a seamless, restriction/ligation-independent method that requires only three steps: (i) the first PCR for mega primer generation; (ii) the second PCR for exponential amplification mediated by the mega primers and (iii) DpnI digestion and transformation. Most importantly, for chimaeragenesis, genes can be assembled and constructed into the plasmid vector in a single PCR step. By employing this strategy, we successfully inserted four DNA fragments (approximately 500 bp each) into the same vector simultaneously. In conclusion, the strategy proved to be a simple and efficient tool for seamless cloning.
AMPK: keeping the (power)house in order?
Authors: Thornton Claire
Published: February 2017

Metabolically energetic organs, such as the brain, require a reliable source of ATP, the majority of which is provided by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial matrix. Maintaining mitochondrial integrity is therefore of paramount importance in highly specialized cells such as neurons. Beyond acting as cellular ‘power stations’ and initiators of apoptosis, neuronal mitochondria are highly mobile, transported to pre- and post-synaptic sites for rapid, localized ATP production, serve to buffer physiological and pathological calcium and contribute to dendritic arborization. Given such roles, it is perhaps unsurprising that recent studies implicate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy-sensitive metabolic regulator, in triggering mitochondrial fission, potentially balancing mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis and mitophagy.
Impact of receiver's tilted angle on channel capacity in VLCs
Authors: Wang Jin‐Yuan , Li Qing‐Lin , Zhu Jian‐Xia , Wang Yongjin
Published: February 2017

The impact of receiver's tilted angle on the channel capacity in visible light communications (VLCs) is investigated. First, the system model is analysed. On the basis of the system model, the lower and upper bounds on the channel capacity for the VLC are presented. An optimisation problem is formulated to improve the channel capacity by tilting the receiver plane. The proposed problem is shown to be a convex optimisation problem, which is efficiently solved by using the CVX toolbox for MATLAB. Numerical results show that the channel capacity can be dramatically improved by tilting the receiver plane properly.
Imaging Spectrum of Unusual Pineal Region Masses: A Short Series of Four Cases
Authors: Dhar Anandamoyee , Jain Ruchi , Walia Bipin , Mukherjee Urmi , Aggarwal Bharat
Published: February 2017

Pineal tumors are rare intracranial neoplasm with germ cell tumors and pineal parenchymal tumors being the predominant type, seen in 80 to 90% of cases. Only a few cases of glioblastomas have been reported. The incidence of astrocytoma and meningioma is also low in this region. In this article, we will discuss the key imaging features and diagnostic dilemmas in four rare types of pineal region tumors including pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, pineal astrocytoma, falcotentorial junction meningioma, and glioblastoma with subependymal spread.
Kanaloplastik ab interno – eine minimalinvasive Alternative
Authors: Körber N.
Published: February 2017

Zweck Beschreibung und Bewertung der Wirksamkeit der Kanaloplastik ab interno (ABiC) bei Patienten mit primärem Offenwinkelglaukom (POAG).

Methoden In diese monozentrische konsekutive Fallstudienreihe wurden Patienten mit Katarakt und Offenwinkelglaukom (kombiniertes Verfahren) und pseudophake Patienten (Durchschnittsalter: 78 Jahre, Bereich: 66–90 Jahre) mit POAG aufgenommen und einer ABiC mit dem iTrack™ 250-Mikron-Mikrokatheter (Ellex Medical Lasers Pty Ltd, Adelaide, Australien) unterzogen, um den Schlemm-Kanal zirkumferenziell zu viskodilatieren und zu intubieren, ohne eine Spannnaht anzubringen. Die primären Endpunkte waren der mittlere Augeninnendruck (IOP) und die mittlere Anzahl Glaukommedikamente bis 1, 3, 6, 9 und 12 Monate nach der Operation.

Ergebnisse 23 Patienten (23 Augen) wurden in die Studie aufgenommen. Der mittlere IOP ohne Wash-out sank von 18,8 ± 5,63 mmHg vor der Operation auf jeweils 14,9 ± 2,90 mmHg (n = 22), 13,82 ± 2,98 (n = 19), 14,69 ± 2,36 mmHg (n = 13), 16,0 ± 2,09 (n = 11) und 14,73 ± 2,97 (n = 11) bis 1, 3, 6, 9 und 12 Monate nach der Operation. Die mittlere Anzahl Medikamente wurde reduziert von 1,69 vor der Operation auf 0,21 bei der letzten Follow-up-Visite. Es gab eine Komplikation mit begrenzter Descemetolyse nahe dem Limbus.

Schlussfolgerung Die ABiC war bei dieser Patientengruppe einfach in der Durchführung und brachte nur minimale Komplikationen mit sich. Erste Ergebnisse in dieser Studie weisen darauf hin, dass die ABiC den IOP und somit auch die Abhängigkeit von Medikamenten vergleichbar zur konventionellen Kanaloplastik senkt.
Wann wird heute noch gelasert?
Authors: Enders P. , Schaub F. , Fauser S.
Published: February 2017

Hintergrund Die Laserbehandlung ist eine Therapieoption bei retinalen, bevorzugt vaskulären Pathologien. Meist kommen destruktive Verfahren zum Einsatz. Durch das Hinzukommen der intravitrealen Applikation von Antikörper(fragmenten) gegen den Wachstumsfaktor „vascular endothelial growth factor“ (VEGF) muss jedoch bei einigen Indikationen der Einsatz der Laserbehandlung als First-Line-Therapie kritisch hinterfragt werden. Neue Strategien und Behandlungskonzepte sollen erläutert werden.

Material und Methoden Zusammenfassung der Literatur aus PubMed sowie relevanter Leitlinien und Stellungnahmen.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung Das Anwendungsspektrum der retinalen Laserphotokoagulation ist vielfältig. Trotz und neben neuen, vielversprechenden medikamentösen Therapieansätzen stellt die retinale Laserbehandlung auch heute noch eine unverzichtbare Therapieoption insbesondere bei der proliferativen diabetischen Retinopathie, venösen ischämischen Verschlüssen und selteneren Erkrankungen wie Retinopathia praematurorum oder Morbus Coats dar.
Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Determination Of Miroestrol Using an Anti-miroestrol Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Kitisripanya Tharita , Krittanai Supaluk , Udomsin Orapin , Jutathis Kamonthip , Komaikul Jukrapun , Juengwatanatrakul Thaweesak , Sakamoto Seiichi , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Morimoto Satoshi , Putalun Waraporn
Published: February 2017

Miroestrol is a chromene with potent estrogenic activity present in Pueraria candollei, commonly known as White Kwao Krua. Although this compound is only present in low amounts in the plant, it plays an important role in the estrogenic action of P. candollei products. As a tool for further studies about the efficacy and safety of P. candollei as a phytoestrogenic supplement, we generated a novel monoclonal antibody against miroestrol. This anti-miroestrol monoclonal antibody was used to develop an immunoassay for the determination of miroestrol content, which can be used for quality control purposes of P. candollei. The developed ELISA against miroestrol has a calibration range of 10–780 ng/mL miroestrol, a limit of detection of 3.5 ng/mL, and a limit of quantitation of 12.2 ng/mL. According to the validation analysis, the established ELISA is precise, accurate, specific, and sensitive for miroestrol detection in plants. Furthermore, the anti-miroestrol monoclonal antibody was used to prepare an immunoaffinity column for the isolation of miroestrol from the tuberous root of P. candollei. The column provides a simple procedure for miroestrol isolation, with a capacity of 3.91 µg of miroestrol per 1 mL of immunogel.