bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potensi IUPHHK-HTI Melalui Sistem Wanaternak Dalam Mendukung Swasembada Daging
Authors: Silalahi Johansen
Published: June 2020

Isu pangan adalah isu global yang sangat penting dalam mendukung tujuan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan/sustainable development goals(SDGs) pada tujuan kedua yaitu zero hunger. Penelitian ini sangat penting dalam rangka mendukung kegiatan swasembada pangan/daging nasional di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan dan mengkaji potensi dan peluang hutan tanaman industri (IUPHHK-HTI) dalam mendukung program swasembada daging nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari data sekunder yang bersumber dari instansi dan studi pustaka yang terkait dengan topik penelitian ini. Pengolahan data dilakukan setelah data sekunder diperoleh dengan cara mentabulasikannya dan menguraikan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Oktober 2019 dengan sifat desk study. Hasil dari studi ini adalah penerapan swasembada daging (sapi) nasional dengan konsep silvopastura sangat potensial untuk diterapkan di areal hutan tanaman industri (IUPHHK-HTI) dari aspek ekonomi (meningkatkan pendapatan/ekonomi masyarakat), aspek luasan (kecenderunganpeningkatan luasan hutan tanaman industri) yang sangat potensial dipadukan dengan ternak (sapi) karena adanya hubungan mutualisme dan aspek pendanaan (potensi pemanfaatan dana CSR) dari perusahaan yang bergerak di IUPHHK-HTI. Sektor kehutanan dalam hal ini IUPHHK-HTI sangat potensial dalam mendukung swasembada pangan/daging dengan konsep silvopastura dan sebaiknya dipertimbangan untuk dikembangkan di IUPHHK-HTI terutama milik pemerintah untuk selanjutnya dikembangkan ke yang lebih luas. Kementerian LHK harus lebih lebih serius lagi dalam mengelola wanaternak dengan melibatkan stakeholderyang terlibat, meningkatkan peran Unit Manajemen IUPHHK-HTI dengan skema kemitraan dengan masyarakat, mendorong kegiatan CSR ke usaha-usaha produktif dan berdampak ganda, dan pemberian insentif bagi pemegang ijin IUPHHK-HTI yang sukses melaksanakan wanaternak atau silvopastura.

Kata kunci: IUPHHK-HTI, pangan, swasembada, daging, potensi
Peran Strategis Masyarakat Sadar Wisata Dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Kreatif Pariwisata (Studi Empiris: Desa Ujung Pandaran Kecamatan Teluk Sampit Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur)
Authors: Yuli Pratiwi Maria Christina
Published: June 2020

Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui penyadaran akan pentingnya menjaga dan memelihara sumberdaya alam untuk perbaikan ekonomi pedesaan menjadi salah satu pilihan strategis mewujudkan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur khususnya Desa Ujung Pandaran sebagai daerah tujuan wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, kuisioner, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran masyarakat Desa Ujung Pandaran dalam mendukung dan mengembangkan pariwisata serta mengidentifikasi potensi pariwisata dan industri kreatif di Desa Ujung Pandaran. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa peran masyarakat Desa Ujung Pandaran baik secara perorangan maupun kelompok (Pokdarwis Garda Pesisir) bersifat aktif walaupun belum sepenuhnya. Partisipasi masyarakat lokal tergolong dalam partisipasi citizen power, yaitu partisipasi masyarakat yang ideal, yang mana masyarakat memiliki keleluasaan dalam berpartisipasi menentukan masa depan daerahnya dan mampu mengontrol kinerja pemerintahan daerah. Potensi pariwisata di Desa Ujung Pandaran sangat besar untuk dikembangkan. Obyek wisata yang dimiliki cukup lengkap, mulai dari wisata alam, pendidikan, religi hingga budaya. Desa Ujung Pandaran terkenal akan hasil perikanan laut dan jumlah industri kreatif atau UMKM cukup banyak, seperti usaha pengolahan kepiting dan rajungan, pembuatan ikan asin, terasi dan kerupuk dari telur ikan, serta kerajinan kulit kerang. Rekomendasi kebijakan bagi Pemerintah Daerah dalam mengembangkan Desa Ujung Pandaran berbasis ekonomi kreatif adalah melibatkan pelaku usaha industri kreatif dalam mengelola dan pelaksanaan kegiatan wisata, serta penguatan kelembagaan melalui penguatan kapasitas pada kelompok-kelompok yang peduli akan pariwisata. Selain itu, untuk mempromosikan obyek wisata di Desa Ujung Pandaran, Pemerintah Daerah dapat melakukan kerjasama dengan pelaku usaha (travel dan hotel) dan masyarakat lokal, meningkatkan promosi melalui media sosial, serta yang paling penting adalah memperbaiki dan membenahi sarana dan prasarana pendukung pariwisata.
Broyler Ebeveyn Kuluçkalık Yumurtalarına In Ovo Besleme Yöntemi İle Propolis Ekstraktı Enjeksiyonunun Kuluçka Sonuçlarına Etkileri
Authors: YILDIRIM İskender , TEBER Hikmet
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma, broyler kuluçkalık yumurtalarının amniyon sıvısına in ovo besleme yöntemi ile propolis ekstraktı enjeksiyonunun kuluçka sonuçlarına etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Denemede toplam 500 adet Ross 308 döllü broyler kuluçkalık yumurtası kullanılmıştır. Çalışma 5 muamele grubu (negatif kontrol grubu, pozitif kontrol grubu, %5' lik propolis 1 grubu, %10' luk propolis 2 grubu, %15' lik propolis 3 grubu) ve her muamele grubuna ait 4 tekerrürden oluşturulmuştur. Enjeksiyonlar 18. günde her bir muamele grubu için 0.5 ml' lik dozlarda (negatif kontrol grubu (uygulama yok) ve yumurtanın küt tarafından 18 mm derinlikte amniyon sıvılarına uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda in ovo propolis enjeksiyonunun kuluçka sonuçlarından çıkış gücü, iç pip, dış pip ve toplam ölüm oranlarını istatistiki olarak olumsuz etkilediği görülmüştür. Tepside ölüm oranı bakımından muamele grupları arasındaki farklılıklar ise istatistiki olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur (P>0.05). Araştırma bulgularına göre, propolisin kuluçka sonuçları değerlerindeki etkilerinin net olarak tespiti için, en az propolis kaynağı ve uygulama dozu kadar çözücü olarak kullanılacak solventin çalışma başarısı için çok kritik bir faktör olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Yem Bitkisi Üreticilerinin Tarım Sigortası Yaptırma Kararlarına Etki Eden Faktörler: Balıkesir İli Örneği
Authors: HAYRAN Seyit , BERK Ali , İMAMOĞLU Hakan
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmada Balıkesir İli örneğine dayalı olarak çiftçilerin tarım sigortası yaptırma kararlarına etki eden faktörler incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre arazi genişliği, tarımsal deneyim, bilgi ve kooperatif ortaklığı değişkenleri çiftçilerin tarım sigortası yaptırma kararlarını etkilemektedir. Buna göre ortalama arazi genişliğinin artırılmasına yönelik önlemler tarım sigortalarını da olumlu etkileyebilir. Ayrıca tarım sigortalarının yaygınlaştırılması için çiftçilerin sigorta uygulamaları konusundaki bilgilerinin artırılması ve kooperatif ortaklığının teşvik edilmesi önerilmektedir.
Yulaf Taçlı Pası Hastalığı (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae)
Authors: SUNULU Selçuk , DUMLUPINAR Ziya , YILDIRIM Mustafa
Published: June 2020

Kültürü yapılan yulaf (Avena sativa L. ve Avena byzantina Coch.), insan ve hayvan beslemesinde kullanılmakta ve mısır, buğday, arpa, çeltik ve darıdan sonra Dünya’da en çok üretimi yapılan tahıl bitkisidir. Yulaf taçlı pası (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) yulafın en yaygın ve zarar verici hastalığıdır. Etmenin teliosporlarının tepe kısmının mikroskop altındaki görüntüsü taç şekline benzediği için bu ismi almıştır. Yulaf taçlı pası (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) çok kurak bölgeler hariç dünyanın her yerinde yulaflarda (Avena spp.) epidemi yaparak % 10’dan % 40’a kadar verim kayıplarına sebep olmakta ve şiddetli enfeksiyonlarda ürün tamamen elden çıkabilmektedir. Yulaf taçlı pası (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae)’nın kontrolünde erken ekim, sık ekimden kaçınma (uygun ekim normu kullanma), aşırı azotlu gübreleme yapılmaması, alternatif konukçuların yok edilmesi, dayanıklı çeşit kullanılması ve fungisit uygulamaları önerilmektedir. Etmenin eşeyli ve eşeysiz üremeyi kapsayan yaşam döngüsünden dolayı virülenslik ve agresiflik bakımından sürekli yeni ırklarının ortaya çıkması hastalığa karşı mevcut dayanıklılık kaynaklarının etkinliğini kaybettirmektedir. Ülkemizde Yulaf taçlı pası (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) ile ilgili çalışmalar sınırlı düzeydedir. Bu derleme ile yulafın en önemli ve tahripkâr hastalığı olarak kabul edilen Yulaf taçlı pası (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae)’nın coğrafi dağılımı, ekonomik önemi, biyolojisi, belirtileri, zararı, konukçuları ve mücadelesi ile ilgili güncel bilgilerin verilmesi amaçlanmış ve ülkemizde bu hastalığa karşı yapılması gerekenlere ilişkin öneriler sunulmuştur.
Kentten Köye Göç Eğiliminin Sınıflandırma Ağacı Yöntemine Göre Analizi
Authors: KARAKAYACI Zuhal , AYDIN ÖZ Ayşe
Published: June 2020

Köyden kente göçün yıllar itibariyle artması kırsal alanda bazı problemlerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Kırsal alanda özellikle genç nüfusun azalması tarımsal üretimin talebi karşılayacak ölçüde gerçekleşmesine ve bu alanların gelişme göstermesine engel olmuştur. Bu nedenle kırsal alanın tekrar canlanması ve gereken görevini yerine getirmesi için insanların kırsal alanda yaşamaya teşvik edilmesi gerekmektedir.
Bu çalışma insanların kentten köye göç etme eğilimlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Konya ili Altınekin ilçesinde 64 adet mevsimsel olarak köye göç eden bireylerle yapılan anket çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. Bireylerin kentten köye göç etmesinde etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla nonparametrik analizlerden biri olan Sınıflandırma Ağacı (SRA) kullanılmıştır. Analizde yaş, meslek, öğrenci sayısı, konut varlığı, göç yılı ve tarım arazisi sahipliği bağımsız değişkenler, köye dönme isteği ise bağımlı değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. SRA analizi sonuçlarına göre bireylerin köye dönme isteğini en fazla etkileyen faktör yaş olmuştur. İkinci olarak ise öğrenci sayısı önemli bulunmuş olup, öğrenci olmayan hanelerin dönme isteğinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kentte kiralık evde yaşayan bireylerin köye dönme eğiliminin ev sahibi olanlara göre daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Araştırmada devlet tarafından nakit desteği ve arazi tahsisi yapılması durumunda köye dönme isteğinin olabileceği yönünde eğilimler belirlenmiştir. Arazi tahsisi konusunda atıl tarım arazilerinin değerlendirilmesi önerilebilir. Köyden kente göçün en önemli nedeni ekonomik sorunlar olduğundan gerek kırsal nüfusu yerinde tutmak gerekse köye göçü sağlayabilmek için kırsal alanını refah düzeyini yükseltecek politikaların uygulanması gerekmektedir. Aile işletmelerinde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanıp, gençlerin girişimciliğe teşvik edilmesine yönelik uygulamalar gerçekleştirilmelidir.
Demirci/Manisa Ekolojisinde Organik Badem Yetiştiriciliğinin Uygulanabilirliği
Authors: ACARSOY BİLGİN Nihal
Published: June 2020

Badem, ülkemizde yetiştiriciliği yapılan en eski meyve türlerinden birisidir. Geç çiçeklenen çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi nedeniyle son dönemlerde bu çeşitlerle tesis edilen bahçe sayısı artış göstermektedir. Diğer yandan, organik yetiştiricilik açısından da dikkat çeken bir türdür. Meyvecilikte çeşitlerin değişik ekolojilere adaptasyonunun tespiti ve yaygınlaştırılması önem taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Manisa ili Demirci ilçesinde yürütülen çalışmada, organik olarak yetiştiriciliği yapılan Ferragnes ve Ferraduel badem çeşitlerin bazı meyve özellikleri ve verim durumlarının tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Buna göre, kabuklu meyve boyutları, ağırlığı ve kabuk kalınlığı çeşitler ve yıllara göre değişim göstermiştir. Çeşitler ikinci yılda nispeten daha yüksek verime sahip olmuştur. Ortalama kabuk kalınlığı Ferragnes 3.472 mm ve Ferraduel 3.838 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular doğrultusunda çeşitlerin yöreye uyum sağladığı ve organik olarak yetiştirilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Ayous odununun bazı teknolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve ısıl işlemden sonra renk ve parlaklık özellikleri
Authors: AYATA Ümit
Published: June 2020

Egzotik ağaç türlerine ait keresteler, Türkiye’de de çeşitli alanlarda (mobilya, parke, kapı ve pencere, kaplama, dış mekânda, vb.) kullanılmaktadır. Bu ağaç türlerinden bir tanesi de Ayous kerestesidir. Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum) ağacının gerek kerestesi gerekse diğer kısımları (kabuk, kök, vb.) önemli alanlarda değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ayous odununda janka sertlik değeri, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, shore - D sertlik, çivi tutma direnci ve ısıl işlem uygulamasından sonra meydana gelen renk ve parlaklık özelliklerindeki değişmeler araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen araştırma sonuçlarına göre, ısıl işlem uygulaması sonrası renk parametreleri ile parlaklık değerlerinin değiştiği görülmüştür. Shore - D sertlik 37.65, hava kurusu yoğunluğu 384 kg/m3, Janka sertlik değerleri teğet, radyal ve enine yönlerde sırasıyla 21.01 N/mm2, 17.87 N/mm2 ve 28.69 N/mm2, çivi tutma direnci değeri ise teğet, radyal ve enine yönlerde sırasıyla 4.69 N/mm2, 4.39 N/mm2 ve 4.41 N/mm2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yüzey pürüzlülüğü sonuçlarına göre zımpara numarasının artması ile pürüzlülük değerlerinin azaldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Arap Baharı’nın Türkiye’ de odun esaslı levhaların dış ticaretine etkileri
Authors: EFE Fatih Tuncay
Published: June 2020

Türkiye’nin Arap Baharı hareketlerinden etkilenen Cezayir, Fas, Libya, Mısır, Suriye ve Tunus ile Ortadoğu ülkeleri Filistin, Irak, İran ve İsrail ile siyasi, kültürel ve ekonomik ilişkileri ile uzun bir geçmişe sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ile yukarıda adı geçen ülkelerle odun esaslı levha (OEL) ürünlerinden MDF, yonga levha, melaminli yonga levha, kontrplak, OSB ve çimentolu yonga levhanın dış ticaretinin 2010-2019 arasındaki değişimi incelenmiştir. Varılan sonuçlara göre bu on ülke ile (bölge ülkeleri) 1.813.788.000 $’lık OEL ürünleri dış ticaret hacmi olup; bunun 1.810.965.000 $’lık kısmı ihracat, 2.823.000 $’lık kısmı ise ithalat olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Türkiye OEL ürünleri dış ticaretinde en çok İran (951.919.000 $), en az ise Filistin (13.000 $) ile alışveriş yapmıştır. Türkiye’nin OEL ürünleri dış ticaretinin İran, Irak, İsrail ve Filistin ile Arap Baharı hareketlerinden bağımsız geliştiği görüldü. Diğer ülkelerde aksine 2010’da düşmeye başladı, 2013’ten itibaren toparlanmaya başladı. Türkiye’nin bölge ülkelerine yaptığı OEL ürünleri ihracatı içinde en yüksek pay MDF’nin (1.558.512.000 $), en az ise OSB’nin (3.300.000 $) olmuştur. Türkiye’nin 2010-2019 en çok ve en az ithal ettiği OEL ürünleri sırasıyla kontrplak (2.597.000 $), en az ithal ettiği iki ürün ise 2000 dolarlık tutarlarla OSB ve çimentolu yonga levhadır.
Adli Psikoloji’nin Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış
Authors: DUMAN Nesrin
Published: June 2020

Adli psikoloji dünyada hızla büyüyen ve gelişen psikoloji uzmanlık alanlarından biridir. Psikoloji, hukuk içerisinde çok eski zamanlardan beri yer almaktadır. Ancak psikoloji bilimi, Leipzig Üniversitesi’nde ilk psikoloji laboratuvarının kurulmasıyla resmî akademik bir disiplin olabilmiştir. Bu labaratuvarda yetişen donanımlı psikologlar Avrupa’ya ve sonrasında Amerika’ya dağılmışlardır. Peşi sıra açılan yeni psikoloji laboratuvarlarında da pek çok araştırma yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen araştırma bulgularından adli sistemin çeşitli safhalarında faydalanılmıştır. Akıl hastalığı-ceza ehliyeti ilişkisi ile başlayan hukuk-psikoloji ilişkisi, zaman içerisinde tanık ifadelerinin güvenilirliğinin incelenmesi ile derinlik kazanmıştır. Psikologlar zaman içerisinde mahkemelerde daha fazla görev alıp, çeşitli konularda uzman görüşlerini bildirmişlerdir. Savaş dönemi sonrasında psikologlar mahkemelerde çok sık yer almışlardır. Adli psikolojinin ivme kazanması 1970'lerden sonra olmuş, en nihayetinde 2010 yılında adli psikoloji Amerikan Psikoloji Birliği (APA) tarafından resmi uzmanlık branşı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada adli psikiyatrinin ve dolayısıyla adli psikolojinin temelini oluşturan “McNaughten Kuralları”nın ortaya çıkış süreci, yargı sürecine katkı sağlayan önemli isimler ve psikolojik araştırmaları, psikologların mahkemelerde görev alışları, adli psikolojinin resmi uzmanlık branşı olarak tanınması ve son dönem gelişim süreci ele alınacaktır.
George Santayana ve Epifenomenal Natüralizmin Olanaklılığı
Authors: AYDIN Aysun
Published: June 2020

Amerikan Pragmatist Natüralist Felsefe Geleneğinin en önemli temsilcilerinden biri olan George Santayana, hem bu geleneğin temel kavramlarını sürdürmek bakımından hem de kendine özgü ve farklı bir metafizik kavramsallaştırma sunmak bakımından farklı bir yere sahiptir. Felsefesini natüralizm temelinde tanımlayan George Santayana, natüralist geleneğin klasik materyalist çizgisinden tin, öz, töz gibi idealist düşünsel kavramları kabul edip tanımladığı için ayrılır. Bununla beraber, bu kavramsal çerçevesini epifenomenal materyalist görüş ile bağdaştıran Santayana, bu nedenle natüralist geleneğin klasik materyalist anlayışını benimseyen düşünürler tarafından eleştirilir. Santayana, bu düşünsel kavramlara dayanan natüralist bakış açısını gerçek natüralizm olarak tanımlayarak, felsefenin konusunu bu düşünsel kavramların doğal kökenlerinin araştırılması olarak tanımlar. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı, Santayana’nın natüralist kavramsallaştırmasını sunmak ve kendisine yapılan eleştiriler bağlamında düşünürün idealist ve epifenomenal natüralizminin natüralist felsefe geleneği içindeki yerini değerlendirmek ve analiz etmektir.
Solutions of Ternary Problems of Conditional Probability with Applications to Mathematical Epidemiology and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rushdi Ali Muhammad Ali , Serag Hamzah Abdul Majid
Published: June 2020

A normalized version of the ubiquitous two-by-two contingency matrix is associated with a variety of marginal, conjunctive, and conditional probabilities that serve as appropriate indicators in diagnostic testing. If this matrix is enhanced by being interpreted as a probabilistic Universe of Discourse, it still suffers from two inter-related shortcomings, arising from lack of length/area proportionality and a potential misconception concerning a false assumption of independence between the two underlying events. This paper remedies these two shortcomings by modifying this matrix into a new Karnaugh-map-like diagram that resembles an eikosogram. Furthermore, the paper suggests the use of a pair of functionally complementary versions of this diagram to handle any ternary problem of conditional probability. The two diagrams split the unknowns and equations between themselves in a fashion that allows the use of a divide-and-conquer strategy to handle such a problem. The method of solution is demonstrated via four examples, in which the solution might be arithmetic or algebraic, and independently might be numerical or symbolic. In particular, we provide a symbolic arithmetic derivation of the well-known formulas that express the predictive values in terms of prevalence, sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, we prove a virtually unknown interdependence among the two predictive values, sensitivity, and specificity. In fact, we employ a method of symbolic algebraic derivation to express any one of these four indicators in terms of the other three. The contribution of this paper to the diagnostic testing aspects of mathematical epidemiology culminates in a timely application to the estimation of the true prevalence of the contemporary world-wide COVID-19 pandemic. It turns out that this estimation is hindered more by the lack of global testing world-wide rather than by the unavoidable imperfection of the available testing methods.
The Impact of the Handling Unit on Logistics Costs: The Case of a Portuguese Food Retail Supply Chain
Authors: Ramos Ana Luísa Ferreira Andrade , Ferreira José António Vasconcelos , Costa Sara Rego da
Published: June 2020

In the food retail industry, the agility and responsiveness of the supply chain are crucial because demand is volatile and short lead times are mandatory. The logistics performance is of critical importance to provide a high level of efficiency in operations and a high degree of customer satisfaction. The Handling Unit, or the minimum quantity to send to retail stores (the ship-pack), is a factor of considerable influence on logistics efficiency and costs. In this work, it was developed a simple analytical cost model for a Portuguese food retail two-tier distribution system (distribution centre and store) to support the evaluation of the conversion of the handling unit to half-pallet. The results of the model, considering a pilot study with three scenarios, suggest an economic gain of approximately 75% (comparatively to the current situation) in logistics costs. These quantitative results were decisive to guide decision-makers.
Lean 4.0: A New Holistic Approach for the Integration of Lean
Manufacturing Tools and Digital Technologies
Authors: Valamede Luana Sposito , Akkari Alessandra Cristina Santos
Published: June 2020

Due to the highly dynamic and competitive environment, organizations are led to rethink their processes and strategies. In the industrial field, Lean Manufacturing (LM) is widely recognized as a traditional approach to eliminate waste in the value stream and ensure the efficiency of production processes. On the other hand, Industry 4.0 has recently emerged, incurring disruptive changes in manufacturing processes based on a technology-driven approach. The integration of these two philosophies to achieve organizational goals is interesting in order to guarantee competitiveness, especially for manu-facturing companies. This paper proposed an integration of LM tools and technologies 4.0, considering the perspectives of the industrial field in the digital era. Based on a three-step methodology, which included technological and industrial mapping, it was identified 25 synergy points. From interactions of LM tools mainly with Big Data Analytics, The Cloud, Virtual Simulation and Augmented Reality, multi-level circular diagrams pointed out the main contributions of Just in Time 4.0 (JIT 4.0), Kaizen 4.0, Kanban 4.0, Poka-Yoke 4.0, Value Stream Mapping 4.0 (VSM 4.0) and Total Productive Maintenance 4.0 (TPM 4.0). Also, five attributes of Lean 4.0 were identified, highlighting the integration between pro-cesses, devices and stakeholders; waste minimization; and autonomous, pointing to gains for the organization from this holistic integration approach.
Impact of Imperfect Quality Items on Inventory Management for Two Warehouses with Shortages
Authors: . Aastha , Pareek Sarla , Cárdenas-Barrón Leopoldo Eduardo , Mittal Mandeep
Published: June 2020

Generally, the majority of the inventory models work on the concept that overall units produced must be perfect in terms of quality and that the storage capacity of the warehouse is unlimited. In fact, under realistic conditions, it is not possible to manufacture products with complete perfection. Furthermore, there are always some limits associated with storage capacity of the warehouse. This paper formulates an inventory model that considers the impact of imperfect quality items and shortages. The cost of storage in rented warehouse (RW) is greater than own warehouse (OW) due to fact there are better preservation facilities in RW. This work considers that defective items are completely withdrawn after the inspection process. The purpose of this inventory model is to establish the optimal order quantity and backorder size that maximize the total profit. Some numerical examples are solved, and a sensitivity analysis is included.
Selection of Best Power Supply Source for Telecom Towers in Remote Areas
Authors: Avikal Shwetank , Singhal Rahul , Sajwan Rajat , Tiwari Rahul Kumar , Singh Rohit
Published: June 2020

Installation of telecom towers in remote areas especially in developing countries like India is a major problem for telecom industries because of the unavailability of reliable power supply. The grid supply is not regular in these countries and up to some extent, they are dependent on diesel generators for power supply. But these diesel generators have some major issues such as high operating cost due to high cost of fuel, transportation cost of fuel, high maintenance cost, and these diesel generators also emits pollution to the environment. In presented work, an approach has been proposed for telecom companies for providing power supply to their telecom towers. An economic cost analysis has been proposed by considering various criteria such as cost, air & noise pollution and reliability, etc. Some power supply alternatives including unconventional and hybrid of conventional and unconventional alternatives have been compared to find the solution such as diesel-powered telecom towers, solar powered telecom towers, and their hybrids. The main objective of this work is to provide a reliable, cost effective and environment friendly Remote Area Power Supply (RAPS) system for a particular site in India (Uttar Pradesh). A number of criteria are involved in discussed problem in order to select an effective power supply source. Therefore, the problem has been considered as a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. To select the best alternative, a Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS based approach has been proposed. Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy process) has been used for calculating the weightage of criteria and the concept of Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) has been applied for ranking the alternatives. The results give assured reliability and sustainability for remote areas using a solar photovoltaic (PV)-diesel generator hybrid energy system.
Opportunistic Channel Allocation Model in Collocated Primary Cognitive Network
Authors: Mishra Mangala Prasad , Singh Sunil Kumar , Vidyarthi Deo Prakash
Published: June 2020

The growing demand of radio spectrum to facilitate the primary/secondary users in a cellular network is a challenging task. Many channel allocation models, applying cognition, have been proposed to increase the radio spectrum utilization. The proposed model peruses three types of users: primary users (PUs), opportunistic primary users (OPUs), and secondary users (SUs) that use the radio resources in collocated primary base stations. Out of these users, the opportunistic primary users and secondary users may request for handover as per their requirements. The objective of the model is to enhance the radio spectrum utilization by the opportunistic utilization of radio resources by OPUs and by enabling cognitive radio base stations to collect free channel information dynamically. The cognitive radio base station maintains the centralized free channel at collocated primary base stations to facilitate the SUs opportunistically. The proposed channel allocation technique maintains the Quality of Experience (QoE) of the users as well. The performance analysis of the model is done by simulation which diversifies the importance of the proposed model in the view of minimum blocked services.
Framing the Identity of an Ideal Primary School Teacher of English
Authors: Kapranov Oleksandr
Published: June 2020

The article presents a study that aimed to examine how primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher. The specific research aim was to identify and classify frames associated with the identity of an EFL primary school teacher in the corpus of reflective essays of approximately 1000 words about an ideal EFL teacher in Norwegian primary school contexts written by 32 Norwegian in-service primary school EFL teachers. It was hypothesised that the participants’ framing would be reflective of the identity of an ideal EFL teacher in Norway. The corpus of the participants’ essays was analysed in accordance with the framing methodology developed by Entman (1993) and Dahl (2015). The results of the framing analysis indicated that the participants in the study framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher via frames associated with future ideal selves, ought-to selves, the identity of their former EFL teachers, and the identity of an ideal EFL teacher as a fictional character. The study implications would be beneficial to pre-service and current in-service EFL teachers and teacher-trainers alike, who could treat the results as a collective “portrait” of an ideal EFL teacher.
Traumas of Roots and Extinction in the 20th Century Literature of Empire: The Mirror Principle in Marguerite Duras’ India Cycle (1964-71) and Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi (1940)
Authors: Fernée Tadd Graham
Published: June 2020

This article comparatively analyses Marguerite Duras’ India Cycle and Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi. A Mirror Principle centres on ‘emptiness’, synthesising elements of Marxism and Buddhism. A new optic is created for understanding 1930s Indian nationalism, including Dalit and national leader Ambedkar, Tagorian “composite culture”, Mohammed Iqbal, and Islam and gender in northern India. The Mirror Principle juxtaposes Heideggerian ‘repetition’ and Marxian ‘dialectics’ as divergent anti-colonial paths. Duras and Ali are linked by a common Proustian problematic of memory and ephemerality. They revolutionize the Proustian tradition to create a new literary genre in oneiric socialism. The article analyses trauma, in the French Resistance and the 1857 rebellion, and literary reconstructions of traditional roots in their wake, with differing nation-making ramifications.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF COMPOSITE NANOSTRUCTURED GYPSUM BINDER CHARACTERIZED BY INCREASED HEAT RESISTANCE
Authors: Cherevatova A. , Zhernovskaya I. , Alehin D. , Kozhuhova M. , Kozhuhova N. , Yakovlev E.
Published: June 2020

there are a lot of different types of binders for construction purpose, a strong interest is focused on free-of-cement binders of new generation, which are characterized by unique and/or improved performance properties. Among them there is composite nanostructured gypsum binder (CNGB) as a quite new binding system. In the framework of this study the hypothesis of synergetic effect in hardened binding system was proposed and approved. The hypothesis is realized when interaction of two binding systems with different structure formation mechanism such as followings: polymerization-polycondensation and hydration. A number of experiments were carried out and the results were obtained, which demonstrate a resistance of CNGB under high-temperature effect (up to 1000ºC) vs. ordinary gypsum binder. It was determined that a heat-resistance of CNGB is associated with joint crystallization of sulphate-based component (gypsum binder) and highly-reactive silica-based component (in nanostructured binder). Normally, nanostructuted binder is stable under high-temperature exposure. The indicator of synergetic effect is formation of new crystalline phase – hydroxyellestadite Ca5(SiO4)3(SO4)3(OH)2. This phase has unit cell size which is stable under temperature gradient. This characteristic allows saving structure framework in CNGB under high temperature.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ROAD PAVEMENT STRUCTURES USING CEMENT CONCRETE
Authors: Strokova V. , Babaev V. , Markova I. , Sobolev K. , Nelyubova V.
Published: June 2020

the results of studies on the use of modified basalt fiber reinforced cement concrete coating in the design of hard pavement are presented. It is shown that the use of fiber cement concrete in road structures allows to reduce the thickness of the coating, while having a margin of safety in the concrete layer, and the frame of micro-reinforcing components allows to reduce penetrating loads.
COMPLETE SOLUTION OF LAME PROBLEM FOR A THICK-WALLED COMPOSITE NONLINEARLY DEFORMABLE CYLINDER
Authors: Kravchuk A. , Kravchuk A. , Lopatin S.
Published: June 2020

the paper deals with the boundary value problem for the nonlinearly deformable composite cylinder with different types of boundary conditions. The stresses and displacements on both boundaries of the cylinder are constant, so their boundary average values for any area are constant and equal to the initial values. It should be noticed, that the solution of the boundary value problem is obtained without using nonlocal hypotheses about the composite material volume smallness by the angle for which the effective characteristics are calculated. In addition, the assumption of the composite material element smallness in the radial direction with respect to the thickness of the cylinder is used. It is established, that there is no possibility to consider plane stress state and plane strain of the cylinder separately from each other. Both of these states should be studied for analysis of stress-strain state according to Voigt and Reuss hypotheses. It is also shown that the solution of the Lame problem for a cylinder, which is derived, based on Voigt and Reuss hypotheses, is self-sufficient. Formulas, which describe stress-strain state of the composite cylinder, are derived based on this approximation.
A revista Leitura: Teoria & Prática – momentos no tempo
Authors: Silva Lilian Lopes Martin da , Silva Ezequiel Theodoro da , Oliveira Luciane Moreira de
Published: June 2020

Por ocasião da publicação do número 70 da revista Leitura: Teoria & Prática, procuramos pontuar momentos significativos do itinerário da revista ao longo de seus 35 anos. Sua criação e publicação correspondem a uma das ações da Associação de Leitura do Brasil que, como os Congressos de Leitura (COLEs), se consolidou nacionalmente, por sua permanência, regularidade e qualidade, transformando-se em sua mais importante publicação. Em seu percurso, a revista passou por mudanças, que serão apontadas nesse relato, não abandonando seu objetivo inicialmente concebido: o de converter-se em espaço de debate e de troca de ideias entre interessados na temática da leitura. É o único periódico especializado nesse tema. Para a construção deste relato, utilizamos a própria revista como fonte e outros documentos pertinentes ao assunto.
Entre-ler com 's'
Authors: Amorim Antonio Carlos Rodrigues de , Marques Davina
Published: June 2020

Entre-ler com 's'
Self-nanoemulsifying System Optimization for Higher Terconazole Solubilization and Non-Irritant Ocular Administration
Authors: Yousry Carol , Zikry Pakinam Mohsen , Basalious Emad Basalious , El-Gazayerly Omaima Naem
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
Eye drops’ formulations of poorly water-soluble drugs, offer the advantage of crossing the lipophilic cornea, but their limited aqueous solubility may lead to low ocular bioavailability limiting their therapeutic uses. Terconazole (TZ) is an antifungal drug with low aqueous solubility, restricting its application in ocular fungal infection. Thus, the aim of the work in this study is to enhance TZ solubilization, permitting better ocular permeation and higher bioavailability. To achieve this goal, different self-nanoemulsifying systems (SNESs) were prepared using different oils, surfactants and co-surfactants. Methods: Ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify self nano-emulsification regions for each oil system examined; either Labrafil® M2125CS or Capryol™ 90. TZ saturated solubility in the different formulated systems were measured and systems showing highest potential for TZ solubilization were selected. The optimized systems were chosen based on their globule size, polydispersity index, self-emulsification characteristics. Finally, TZ release as well as the irritation effect via Hen’s Egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM test) of the optimized system was observed in vitro. Results: The optimized system was formulated using 20% w/w Labrafil® M2125 CS, 50% w/w Tween® 80 and 30% w/w Transcutol® HP. Oil globules showed size range of 15.13 nm and self-emulsification time of 12.80 seconds. The system released 100% of the drug within half an hour compared to 2 hours in case of TZ-suspension. Finally, HET-CAM test showed non-irritating response and normal vascularization of the chorioallantoic membrane. Conclusion: The formulated SNES could be a promising approach to enhance ocular efficacy of TZ.
Evaluation of Microcrystalline Cellulose Derived from Saccharum officinarum L. (Sugarcane) Leaves as a Disintegrant in Tablet Formulations
Authors: Ann S. Ng Julie
Published: June 2020

Purpose
: Complete recycling of the crop residues of sugarcane in the Philippines remains to be achieved. This study purposed to derive microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from sugarcane leaves and test its disintegrating properties in tablet formulation. Methods: Saccharum officinarum L. (sugarcane) leaves were used to prepare MCC powder. According to the conventional method, the preparation of cellulose powder requires heating the raw material with acid and alkali followed by washing, bleaching, and sieving. Hydrolysis of the bleached product was carried out using hydrochloric acid to obtain MCC powder, and the physicochemical properties of the produced MCC powder were studied including its organoleptic properties, pH value, %loss on drying, %water soluble substances and Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. Results: The resulting powder was evaluated for its disintegrating property in the preparation of blank tablets, which were compared to tablets prepared using commercially available MCC. MCC powder derived from sugarcane leaves had properties at par with commercially available MCC and was in conformance with National Formulary (NF) specifications. Conclusion: Disintegrating properties were also significantly better than the commercially available MCC.
Grape Seed Oil as a Natural Therapy in Male Rats with Alzheimer’s Diseases
Authors: Berahmand Farnoosh , Anoush Golnoush , Hosseini Mir-Jamal , Anoush Mahdieh
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, with an increasing prevalence rate, mostly related to cholinergic system. According to the difficulties and complications in management of AD, this study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of grape seed oil (GSO) on scopolamine (Scop) induced Alzheimer’s in male rats. Methods: 64 healthy male Wistar rats received different treatments such as: normal saline (NS), donepezil (Don), Scop and GSO, according to the previously designed protocol. Morris (MWM) was applied for spatial memory tests. Right after the behavioral tests, the brains were removed and the hippocampus was separated for evaluation of acetylcholine levels as well as cell death and neuro inflammation. Results: The results of the test day indicated that the mean Q2 time was increased in both GSO test groups (P<0.05) and Don treated group (P<0.001).The spectrophotometric findings affirm that both GSO co-treatment and post-treatment were effective in augmenting brain acetylcholine levels (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively). The microscopic findings of Hamp;E dyed tissues confirmed the above mentioned results for different treatments except for GSO post treatment, in which the viability of cells were very low. Conclusion: The results implied that supplementation of rats with GSO caused a significant augmentation in spatial memory performance as well as acetylcholine levels and cell viability in the presence of Scop. This effect was comparable to that of Don especially when GSO was used as co-treatment.
The Effect of Beta-Boswellic Acid on the Expression of Camk4 and Camk2α Genes in the PC12 Cell Line
Authors: Jebelli Asiyeh , Khalaj-Kondori Mohammad , Rahmati-Yamchi Mohammad
Published: June 2020

Purpose
: Beta-boswellic acid (βBA) may play central roles in neural plasticity. Neural plasticity has significant implications for learning and memory which are governed by strict memoryrelated molecular pathways. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism by which βBA affects these pathways this study analyzed the expression patterns of Camk2α and Camk4 genes in PC12 cells treated with βBA. Methods: The cytotoxic effects of different βBA concentrations on PC12 cells were examined by MTT assay. For gene expression analysis, cells were treated with concentrations of 1 and 10 µM of βBA for 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Total RNA was purified by RNX-Plus solution and reverse transcribed into cDNA using Thermo Scientific Reverse Transcription reagents. The expression patterns of Camk2α and Camk4 genes were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: MTT assay indicated that βBA reduced PC12 cell viability in a time- and concentrationdependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentrations for the 48 and 72 hours time points were 35 and 26 µM, respectively; while, the βBA concentrations up to 100 µM failed to kill 50% of the cells after 24 hours. According to the qRT-PCR data, the Camk2α variant is not expressed in either βBA-treated or untreated PC12 cells. However, a significant upregulation was observed in Camk4 after 12 hours of treatment with βBA, which followed by a significant downregulation after 24 hours and a persistent expression equal to the control until 72 hours. Conclusion: these findings indicate that PC12 cells not only does not express Camk2α but also its expression cannot be induced by βBA. However, βBA does modulate the expression of Camk4. This result provides further insight into the molecular mechanism by which βBA affects memory.
miR-330 Regulates Colorectal Cancer Oncogenesis by Targeting BACH1
Authors: Shirjang Solmaz , Mansoori Behzad , Mohammadi Ali , Shajari Neda , H.G. Duijf Pascal , Najafi Souzan , Abedi Gaballu Fereydoon , Nofouzi Katayoon , Baradaran Behzad
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Based on WHO report, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of death among patients with cancer worldwide. Dysregulation of miRNAs expressions has been demonstrated in different human cancers, especially CRC. Studies have shown that miR-330 could act as both TS-miR and/or oncomiR in different types of cancers. BACH1 is also identified as a transcription factor, which is involved in ontogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the CRC suppression via silencing of BACH1 by small silencer molecule called miR-330.Methods:Firstly, we analyzed the BACH1, miR-330-3p and miR-330-5p expressions according to the colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) project established from a patient of the colon and rectal cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The targeting of BACH1 via miR-330 in human CRC cells was evaluated by Vejnar bioinformatics methods, and confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Proliferation was performed by MTT assay. The MMP9, CXCR4, and VEGFR proteins were measured by western blotting.Results:The analysis of BACH1, miR-330-3p, and miR-330-5p expressions according to the COAD and READ projects showed that BACH1 was overexpressed, but miR-330-3p and miR330-5p were reduced in CRC tumors compared to normal controls. The miR-330 induction prevented proliferation of CRC cell by targeting BACH1 mRNA, which represses MMP9, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) proteins expressions.Conclusion:Our results suggested that BACH1 is a potential target for miR-330 in CRC cells. The miR-330 induction inhibits CRC cells proliferation by suppressing BACH1 expression in posttranscriptional level. It was suggested that targeting of BACH1 via miRNA such as miR-330 could be a valid strategy in the field of CRC targeted therapy via modulating the oncogenic signaling pathway.
Kaempferol-Mediated Sensitization Enhances Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Sorafenib Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach
Authors: Nair Bhagyalakshmi , Anto Ruby John , M Sabitha , Nath Lekshmi R.
Published: June 2020

Purpose
: Sorafenib is the sole FDA approved drug conventionally used for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite of the beneficial use of sorafenib in the treatment of HCC, multidrug resistance still remains a challenge. HCC is inherently known as chemotherapy resistant tumor due to P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance. Methods: We studied the interaction energy of kaempferol with human multidrug resistance protein-1 (RCSB PDB ID: 2CBZ) using in silico method with the help of BIOVIA Discovery Studio. HepG2 and N1S1 liver cancer cell lines were treated in suitable cell culture media to evaluate the efficacy of kaempferol in chemo-sensitizing liver cancer cells towards the effect of sorafenib. Cell viability study was performed by MTT assay. Results: In silico analysis of kaempferol showed best docking score of 23.14 with Human Multi Drug Resistant Protein-1 (RCSB PDB ID: 2CBZ) compared with positive control verapamil. In in-vitro condition, combination of sub-toxic concentrations of both kaempferol and sorafenib produced 50% cytotoxicity with concentration of 2.5 µM each which indicates that kaempferol has the ability to reverse the MDR by decreasing the over-expression of P-gp. Conclusion: Kaempferol is able to sensitize the HepG2 and N1S1 against the sub-toxic concentration of sorafenib. Hence, we consider that the efficacy of sorafenib chemotherapy can be enhanced by the significant approach of combining the sub-toxic concentrations of sorafenib with kaempferol. Thus, kaempferol can be used as a better candidate molecule along with sorafenib for enhancing its efficacy, if validated through preclinical studies.
The Theory and Practice of Development in Brazil: The State and Public Policies as Capital Reproduction Tools
Authors: Rotta Edemar , Do Reis Carlos Nelson
Published: June 2020

This paper analyzes the theory and practice of development in Brazil within two specific contexts of developmental approaches. The first is located in the 1930s to 1950s and reaches its apex with the Goals Plan. The second emerges when developmentalism once again takes hold as neoliberal ideas face a crisis, of which the major example is the Growth Acceleration Program (GAP). Upon reviewing the literature and documents, we found the state’s proposed avenues of action, i.e. public policy, theoretical grounds, and concrete development-inducing actions. Classic developmentalism emerges from the crisis in the exporting agrarian model. It is based on positivist, nationalist, paperbacking, and industrialist ideas. From the Goals Plan, it received important input from ECLAC’s structuralism, Keynes’ ideas, and the theory of modernization.
A Clinical Study on the Role of Homoeopathy in Managing Anxiety Disorders in School Going Children of Kanniyakumari District
Authors: Sreekumar Dr. Vineetha , Kurup Dr. Vasanth C
Published: June 2020

Childhood anxiety disorder is one of the emotional disorders which are not due to any abnormalities in brain development or function but improper thoughts and emotions. It has become very common in this world of competition. But these are usually not identified and treated in children. The prime aim of the study is to assess the effective use of individualized Homoeopathic medicines in treating anxiety disorders in school going children of Kanniyakumari district of Tamil Nadu. This study also aims to determine the probable causes and also the type of anxiety disorder prevalent in school-going children. A sample of 30 cases presenting with anxiety disorders was selected using purposive sampling technique from school health programs conducted at Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College, Kanniyakumari district. Every case is subjected to screening using a basic diagnostic tool Screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED), and those cases identified with anxiety disorders will be sent for detailed case taking. Medicine was prescribed according to the individualization and totality of symptoms. The improvement was monitored after 3 to 6 months of prescription by recording the variations in the scoring criteria of the SCARED tool.
Active Fractions of Methanol Crude Obtained from Acacia Seyal Gum and their Antiproliferative Effects against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Elnour Ahmed. A. M. , Mirghani Mohamed E. S. , Kabbashi N. A. , Daddiouaissa Djabir , Musa Khalid Hamid , Alam Md Z. , Abdurahman Nour Hamid
Published: June 2020

Background: This study is on Acacia seyal gum, which is an exudate from Talha (Acacia seyal) tree. It provides a rich source of prebiotic that is used traditionally in folk medicine.
Aims: The anti-proliferative effect (APE) of Acacia seyal gum (ASG) and Prebio-T-commercial (PTC) samples on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines, and their antioxidant activities (AA) were investigated.
Methods: The methanol crude extracts of both Acacia seyal gum and Prebio-T- commercial were fractioned into acetone and methanol, respectively. The anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer cell lines for each fraction was examined using sulphorhodamine assay (SRB assay). Methanol crude extracts and their active compositions were analysed carefully using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.