bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting enrollment status of households for community based health insurance in a resource-limited peripheral area in Southern Ethiopia. Mixed method
Authors: Abdilwohab Mustefa Glagn , Abebo Zeleke Hailemariam , Godana Wanzahun , Ajema Dessalegn , Yihune Manaye , Hassen Hadiya
Published: January 2021

Background

Despite the efforts made by the government of Ethiopia, the community-based health insurance (CBHI) enrollment rate failed to reach the potential beneficiaries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the enrollment status of households for community-based health insurance and associated factors in peripheral areas of Southern Ethiopia.

Methods

We conducted a community based cross-sectional study design with both quantitative and qualitative methods. Systematic random sampling was employed to select 820 households from 27, April to 12 June 2018. A pretested structured questionnaire, in-depth interview, and focus group discussion guiding tool were used to obtain information. A binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association between independent and outcome variables. A P-Value of less than 0.05 was taken as a cutoff to declare association in multivariable analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed manually using the thematic analysis method.

Results

Out of 820 households, 273[33.30%; 95% CI: 29.9–36.20] were enrolled in the community based health insurance scheme. Having good knowledge [AOR = 13.97, 95%CI: 8.64, 22.60], having family size of greater than five [AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.06], presence of frequently ill individual [AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.03, 7.51] and presence of chronic illness [AOR = 3.64, 95% CI: 1.67, 7.79] were positively associated with CBHI enrollment. In addition, poor quality of care, lack of managerial commitment, lack of trust and transparency, unavailability of basic logistics and supplies were also barriers for CBHI enrollment.

Conclusion and recommendation

The study found that lower community based health insurance enrollment status. A higher probability of CBHI enrollment among higher health care demanding population groups was observed. Poor perceived quality of health care, poor managerial support and lack of trust were found to be barriers for non-enrollment. Therefore, wide-range awareness creation strategies should be used to address adverse selection and poor knowledge. In addition, trust should be built among communities through transparent management. Furthermore, the quality of care being given in public health facilities should be improved to encourage the community to be enrolled in CBHI.
Advanced glycation end-products reduce lipopolysaccharide uptake by macrophages
Authors: Kitaura Atsuhiro , Nishinaka Takashi , Hamasaki Shinichi , Hatipoglu Omer Faruk , Wake Hidenori , Nishibori Masahiro , Mori Shuji , Nakao Shinichi , Takahashi Hideo
Published: January 2021

Hyperglycaemia provides a suitable environment for infections and the mechanisms of glucose toxicity include the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which comprise non-enzymatically glycosylated proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid amino groups. Among AGE-associated phenotypes, glycolaldehyde-derived toxic AGE (AGE-3) is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Internalisation of endotoxin by various cell types contributes to innate immune responses against bacterial infection. An endotoxin derived from Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was reported to enhance its own uptake by RAW264.7 mouse macrophage-like cells, and an LPS binding protein, CD14, was involved in the LPS uptake. The LPS uptake induced the activation of RAW264.7 leading to the production of chemokine CXC motif ligand (CXCL) 10, which promotes T helper cell type 1 responses. Previously, we reported that AGE-3 was internalised into RAW264.7 cells through scavenger receptor-1 Class A. We hypothesized that AGEs uptake interrupt LPS uptake and impair innate immune response to LPS in RAW264.7 cells. In the present study, we found that AGE-3 attenuated CD14 expression, LPS uptake, and CXCL10 production, which was concentration-dependent, whereas LPS did not affect AGE uptake. AGEs were reported to stimulate the receptor for AGEs and Toll-like receptor 4, which cause inflammatory reactions. We found that inhibitors for RAGE, but not Toll-like receptor 4, restored the AGE-induced suppression of CD14 expression, LPS uptake, and CXCL10 production. These results indicate that the receptor for the AGE-initiated pathway partially impairs the immune response in diabetes patients.
Screening, simulation, and optimization design of small molecule inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
Authors: Sun Chuancai , Zhang Jian , Wei Jiao , Zheng Xiaoli , Zhao Xianyang , Fang Zengjun , Xu Dongmei , Yuan Huiqing , Liu Yipeng
Published: January 2021

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is a public health emergency of international concern. The spike glycoprotein (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2 is a key target of antiviral drugs. Focusing on the existing S protein structure, molecular docking was used in this study to calculate the binding energy and interaction sites between 14 antiviral molecules with different structures and the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, and the potential drug candidates targeting the SARS-CoV-2 S protein were analyzed. Tizoxanide, dolutegravir, bictegravir, and arbidol were found to have high binding energies, and they effectively bind key sites of the S1 and S2 subunits, inhibiting the virus by causing conformational changes in S1 and S2 during the fusion of the S protein with host cells. Based on the interactions among the drug molecules, the S protein and the amino acid environment around the binding sites, rational structure-based optimization was performed using the molecular connection method and bioisosterism strategy to obtain Ti-2, BD-2, and Ar-3, which have much stronger binding ability to the S protein than the original molecules. This study provides valuable clues for identifying S protein inhibitor binding sites and the mechanism of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect as well as useful inspiration and help for the discovery and optimization of small molecule S protein inhibitors.
Cascading dominates large-scale disruptions in transport over complex networks
Authors: Dekker Mark M. , Panja Debabrata
Published: January 2021

The core functionality of many socio-technical systems, such as supply chains, (inter)national trade and human mobility, concern transport over large geographically-spread complex networks. The dynamical intertwining of many heterogeneous operational elements, agents and locations are oft-cited generic factors to make these systems prone to large-scale disruptions: initially localised perturbations amplify and spread over the network, leading to a complete standstill of transport. Our level of understanding of such phenomena, let alone the ability to anticipate or predict their evolution in time, remains rudimentary. We approach the problem with a prime example: railways. Analysing spreading of train delays on the network by building a physical model, supported by data, reveals that the emergence of large-scale disruptions rests on the dynamic interdependencies among multiple ‘layers’ of operational elements (resources and services). The interdependencies provide pathways for the so-called delay cascading mechanism, which gets activated when, constrained by local unavailability of on-time resources, already-delayed ones are used to operate new services. Cascading locally amplifies delays, which in turn get transported over the network to give rise to new constraints elsewhere. This mechanism is a rich addition to some well-understood ones in, e.g., epidemiological spreading, or the spreading of rumours and opinions over (contact) networks, and stimulates rethinking spreading dynamics on complex networks. Having these concepts built into the model provides it with the ability to predict the evolution of large-scale disruptions in the railways up to 30-60 minutes up front. For transport systems, our work suggests that possible alleviation of constraints as well as a modular operational approach would arrest cascading, and therefore be effective measures against large-scale disruptions.
An Alba-domain protein required for proteome remodelling during trypanosome differentiation and host transition
Authors: Bevkal Shubha , Naguleswaran Arunasalam , Rehmann Ruth , Kaiser Marcel , Heller Manfred , Roditi Isabel
Published: January 2021

The transition between hosts is a challenge for digenetic parasites as it is unpredictable. ForTrypanosoma bruceisubspecies, which are disseminated by tsetse flies, adaptation to the new host requires differentiation of stumpy forms picked up from mammals to procyclic forms in the fly midgut. Here we show that the Alba-domain protein Alba3 is not essential for mammalian slender forms, nor is it required for differentiation of slender to stumpy forms in culture or in mice. It is crucial, however, for the development ofT.bruceiprocyclic forms during the host transition. While steady state levels of mRNAs in differentiating cells are barely affected by the loss of Alba3, there are major repercussions for the proteome. Mechanistically, Alba3 aids differentiation by rapidly releasing stumpy forms from translational repression and stimulating polysome formation. In its absence, parasites fail to remodel their proteome appropriately, lack components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and show reduced infection of tsetse. Interestingly, Alba3 and the closely related Alba4 are functionally redundant in slender forms, but Alba4 cannot compensate for the lack of Alba3 during differentiation from the stumpy to the procyclic form. We postulate that Alba-domain proteins play similar roles in regulating translation in other protozoan parasites, in particular during life-cycle and host transitions.
Lo está pidiendo: Nota Crítica de What the Body Commands (Klein, 2015)
Authors: Sapién Abraham
Published: January 2021

El propósito principal de este texto es invitar a su lector a adentrarse al enramado de la discusión en torno al dolor y al sufrimiento. El medio para esto es subrayar, explicar y criticar algunos puntos de la obra de Colin Klein, en particular de su libro What the body commands (2015). Esta crítica tiene dos objetivos. El primero es dar a conocer la teoría de Klein y cuáles son algunos de sus postulados centrales. El segundo es señalar algunas limitaciones de la misma teoría.
La censura y publicación de los Viajes de Enrique Wanton al país de las monas: nuevos datos sobre un texto utópico‑satírico del siglo XVIII
Authors: Almanza‑Gálvez Carla
Published: January 2021

El objetivo principal de este artículo es el análisis de los documentos de la censura gubernamental de los cuatros volúmenes que conforman los Viajes de Enrique Wanton al país de las monas, obra utópico‑satírica escrita entre 1769 y 1778 por el abogado y hombre de letras español Gutierre Joaquín Vaca de Guzmán. Este estudio no solo contribuye a un mejor conocimiento de la producción editorial de un texto que fue un rotundo éxito de ventas durante la Ilustración española, pese a haberse originado a partir de la traducción y adaptación de la obra del autor italiano Zaccaria Seriman, sino que también muestra la importancia de la tradición utópica de la España ilustrada, significativamente representada por la obra de Vaca de Guzmán.
Antimicrobial uses for livestock production in developing countries
Authors: Hosain Md. Zahangir , Kabir S. M. Lutful , Kamal Md. Mostofa
Published: January 2021

Antimicrobial is an indispensable part of veterinary medicine used for the treatment and control of diseases as well as a growth promoter in livestock production. Frequent use of antimicrobials in veterinary practices may lead to the residue in animal originated products and creates some potential problems for human health. The presence of antimicrobial residues in animal originated foods may induce serious health problems such as allergic reaction, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and lead to carcinogenic and mutagenic effects in the human body. The misuse or abuse of antibiotics in human medicine is thought to be a principal cause of AMR but some antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and their resistant genes originating from animals are also responsible for developing AMR. However, the residual effect of antimicrobials in feed and food products of animal origin is undeniable. In developing countries, the community is unaware of this residual effect due to lack of proper information about antibiotic usage, AMR surveillance, and residue monitoring system. It is imperative to reveal the current situation of antimicrobial use in livestock production and its impacts on public health. Moreover, the safety levels of animal feeds and food products of animal origin must be strictly monitored and public awareness should be developed against the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial in animal production. Therefore, the current review summarizes the literature on antimicrobial use in livestock production and its hazardous residual impacts on the human body in developing countries.
Measuring Organisational Innovation – The Example of the European Community Innovation Survey (CIS)
Authors: Makó Csaba , Illéssy Miklós , Csizmadia Péter
Published: January 2021

In the last decade, non-technological and particularly organisational innovations have gained more and more importance and research focus. However, there is no consensus among the academic community either about the definition or about the broader theoretical and methodological foundations of this phenomena. In the present study the authors intend to partly improve this knowledge deficiency syndrome by analysing the most important theoretical contributions of organisational innovation and by reviewing the development in the methodological tools aimed to measure organisational innovation on a European level. By doing so, the authors will focus on the various waves of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) as an employer-oriented and of the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) as an employee-oriented survey. Finally, they will formulate some remarks for further empirical research streams.
Preeminence of psychopathological over other medical references in names of Spanish Punk groups (1981-2010)
Authors: Pavez Fabián , Saura Erika , Marset Pedro
Published: January 2021

Introduction

The relevance of the study of the social representations of mental disorders in the products of the popular culture has been argued previously. In a subcultural level, we hypothesize that the psychiatric field could be more present than other areas of the Medicine. Regarding the studies of the popular music, and taking in account subcultural aspects of identity affirmation, this communication addresses the references to Psychiatry and mental disorders and its comparison with other medical references in names of Punk groups (Spain, 1981-2010).

Objectives

To address the relative importance of psychiatric disorders versus other medical problems (non psychiatric) in a subcultural musical genre.

Methods

Quantitative content analysis.

Results

The names of 418 Spanish Punk groups were analyzed. 16.50% of them were associated with the Psychiatry and mental disorders versus a 5.98% for other medical references. Most of psychiatric names were associated with substance use and psychotic disorders (50.72% and 15.94%, respectively). Regarding "non psychiatric names", references to medical treatments (16%), infectious diseases (16%), and genital diseases (16%) were the most frequent.

Conclusions

Psychiatric disorders are more frequent than other medical references in the names of Spanish Punk groups. It can be related to subcultural identity processes in which mental disorders work as an expression of otherness.

Despite of the existence of highly dramatic medical diseases (e.g., cancer), mental disorders remain the main focus of attention if we attend to the artistic interest expressed in our sample.

For comparisons with other music genres more studies are warranted.
Permanência e Êxito Escolar: análise do desempenho acadêmico de estudantes ingressantes no ensino médio integrado do IFRN/Caicó através das cotas étnico-raciais no ano de 2014/ Stay and School Success: analysis of the academic performance of students ent
Authors: Chaves Kelson Gérison Oliveira , Assis Sandra Maria de , Araújo Heloísa Medeiros de , Souza Deickson Lennon Galvao de , Campos Camila Goulart de
Published: January 2021

Considerando as políticas públicas de inclusão desenvolvidas na última década no IFRN (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte), e ao mesmo tempo os preconceitos decorrentes delas, em grande parte fruto do desconhecimento dos impactos positivos que tais políticas acarretam, a pesquisa faz uma análise criteriosa do rendimento acadêmico dos alunos cotistas étnico-raciais, considerando as condições objetivas de sua permanência e de seu êxito. O trabalho de pesquisa fundou-se na necessidade de compilar dados que avaliem o andamento da política de cotas e que auxiliem nas futuras proposições do IFRN, no que se refere às ações de inclusão étnico-raciais. Os resultados trazem dados em gráficos e em entrevistas, que avaliam minuciosamente a permanência e o êxito dos alunos cotistas, podendo vir a subsidiar práticas pedagógicas voltadas a entender e atender o contexto e as dificuldades do segmento dos alunos que entraram pelas cotas étnico-raciais no âmbito do IFRN, especialmente, no campus Caicó-RN.
Milan Hrdlička šedesátníkem
Authors: Hasil Jiří
Published: January 2021

Milan Hrdlička šedesátníkem
Embeddings between Triebel-Lizorkin Spaces on Metric Spaces Associated with Operators
Authors: Georgiadis Athanasios G. , Kyriazis George
Published: January 2021

We consider the general framework of a metric measure space satisfying the doubling volume property, associated with a non-negative self-adjoint operator, whose heat kernel enjoys standard Gaussian localization. We prove embedding theorems between Triebel-Lizorkin spaces associated with operators. Embeddings for non-classical Triebel-Lizorkin and (both classical and non-classical) Besov spaces are proved as well. Our result generalize the Euclidean case and are new for many settings of independent interest such as the ball, the interval and Riemannian manifolds.
128-QAM dual-polarization chaotic long-haul system performance evaluation
Authors: Qamar Farhan , Islam Muhammad Khawar , Shahzadi Romana , Ali Syed Zafar , Ali Mudassar
Published: January 2021

In this research work, performance of 128-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation format along with dual polarization is investigated for long-haul communication in chaotic environment at data rate of 112 Gb/s and different fiber lengths. The prime objective of this work is the merger of QAM modulation scheme and optical chaos to acquire higher effective data rate with secure optical communication. The property of semiconductor laser for producing high bandwidth chaos is utilized to encrypt high data rate supported by 128-QAM signal. Chaos produced in this way is then applied to two states i.e., x and y-polarization of signal, at the same time to study results individually through constellation diagrams. The proposed model consisting of 128-QAM transmitter and receiver design, incorporating chaos is tested to investigate and combat the effects of different transmission impairments such as attenuation, dispersion, inline amplifiers effects, and message retrieval.
Musical Expertise Shapes Functional and Structural Brain Networks Independent of Absolute Pitch Ability
Authors: Leipold Simon , Klein Carina , Jäncke Lutz
Published: January 2021

Professional musicians are a popular model for investigating experience-dependent plasticity in human large-scale brain networks. A minority of musicians possess absolute pitch, the ability to name a tone without reference. The study of absolute pitch musicians provides insights into how a very specific talent is reflected in brain networks. Previous studies of the effects of musicianship and absolute pitch on large-scale brain networks have yielded highly heterogeneous findings regarding the localization and direction of the effects. This heterogeneity was likely influenced by small samples and vastly different methodological approaches. Here, we conducted a comprehensive multimodal assessment of effects of musicianship and absolute pitch on intrinsic functional and structural connectivity using a variety of commonly used and state-of-the-art multivariate methods in the largest sample to date (n= 153 female and male human participants; 52 absolute pitch musicians, 51 non-absolute pitch musicians, and 50 non-musicians). Our results show robust effects of musicianship in interhemispheric and intrahemispheric connectivity in both structural and functional networks. Crucially, most of the effects were replicable in both musicians with and without absolute pitch compared with non-musicians. However, we did not find evidence for an effect of absolute pitch on intrinsic functional or structural connectivity in our data: The two musician groups showed strikingly similar networks across all analyses. Our results suggest that long-term musical training is associated with robust changes in large-scale brain networks. The effects of absolute pitch on neural networks might be subtle, requiring very large samples or task-based experiments to be detected.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA question that has fascinated neuroscientists, psychologists, and musicologists for a long time is how musicianship and absolute pitch, the rare talent to name a tone without reference, are reflected in large-scale networks of the human brain. Much is still unknown as previous studies have reported widely inconsistent results based on small samples. Here, we investigate the largest sample of musicians and non-musicians to date (n= 153) using a multitude of established and novel analysis methods. Results provide evidence for robust effects of musicianship on functional and structural networks that were replicable in two separate groups of musicians and independent of absolute pitch ability.
Presentación de Signo Distintivo Semillero Smart
Authors: Miguel Andrés Riveros Romero , Diana Lorena Galeano Rodríguez , Amable José Pérez , Mario Fernando Prieto Delgadillo , Oscar Orlando Berrío Flórez , Karen Lorena Muñoz Espitia , Erika Astrid Reina Pardo
Published: January 2021

El documento da cuenta de la presentación del signo distintivo del semillero SMART
Presentación Signo Distintivo Programa Eureka Pro
Authors: Miguel Andrés Riveros Romero , Diana Lorena Galeano Rodríguez , Amable José Pérez
Published: January 2021

El documento presenta los resultados del programa Pi-e Aliado en el programa EUREKA PRO de la facultad FAEA, de la Universidad Santo Tomás Sede de Villavicencio.
Relación entre la preferencia de género musical publicitario, la respuesta fisiológica y los niveles de recordación de marcas de bebidas y alimentos
Authors: C Garzón , D Gutiérrez , A Perea
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación está orientado a establecer la relación entre la preferencia de género musical publicitario, la respuesta fisiológica y los niveles de recordación de marcas de bebidas y alimentos en jóvenes universitarios de la Universidad Santo Tomas. La investigación se orientó a partir de un diseño experimental realizando la medición de cuatro canales fisiológicos: frecuencia cardiaca, frecuencia respiratoria, pulso y resistencia galvánica, tomando como muestra 20 estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Mercadeo. A través del análisis factorial, se identificaron relaciones soportadas en diferencias estadísticamente significativas con referencia al pulso y la preferencia de género musical publicitario, en los “jingles” de marcas de bebidas energizantes como Red Bull y bebidas en polvo como Milo; en condición similar se identificó la relación entre la preferencia de género musical publicitario y la recordación con referencia a la marca de bebida gaseosa, Speed. Estas relaciones se encuentran asociadas con características de las melodías y la emocionalidad que generan en los participantes, es decir, ritmos que son populares, festivos, que expresan agrado y felicidad.
Efecto que tiene el color de envases y empaques de marcas de alimentos y bebidas en las vivencias afectivas que acompañan la percepción del sabor en los jóvenes universitarios de la Universidad Santo Tomás. VII congreso RACNI. VI Foro de investigación - 03 de septiembre de 2015
Authors: Carolina Garzón Medina , Danna Gutiérrez
Published: January 2021

Establecer el efecto que tiene el color de envases y empaques de marcas de alimentos en la vivencia afectiva que acompaña la percepción del sabor en jóvenes de la Universidad Santo Tomas-Sede Bogotá.
Poster - Relación entre la preferencia de género musical publicitario “jingle” en la respuesta fisiológica y los niveles de recordación de marcas de bebidas y alimentos - I encuentro semilleros división USTA
Authors: C Garzón , D Sotelo, D Gutiérrez
Published: January 2021

La música guarda una estrecha relación con los estados de ánimo y la generación de recuerdos a largo plazo. Al respecto, Avello, Gavilan y Abril (2011) explican como a través de la música y la voz se establece una conexión más con el consumidor, que facilita la representación de la marca en su mente y crea asociaciones que activan directamente las emociones, los sentimientos y las experiencias. La percepción de lo agradable de un alimento está influenciada no sólo por su aspecto, olor y el sabor, sino también por los sonidos que se evocan cuando los comemos o por las piezas musicales o “jingles” que acompaña la publicidad de las marcas de alimentos (Palencia,2009).
Minas antipersonales durante el conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Cristhian Fernando Sánchez Giraldo , Ana María Alfaro , Juan Miguel Gómez , Laura Juliana Bocachica , Nathalia Liliana Soto
Published: January 2021

Durante el marco del conflicto armado colombiano, diferentes actores armados cómo grupos guerrilleros, paramilitares y el ejército nacional, desencadenaron una batalla en diferentes regiones del país por mantener el control en diferentes zonas de la misma y a su población; con el fin imponer su poder en estas áreas geográficas a favor de sus objetivos. Por consiguiente, esto permitió que estos actores crearán diversas estrategias ofensivas y defensivas, para poder contrarrestar el ataque enemigo dentro del escenario de un combate bélico. Con el paso del tiempo uno de los mecanismo defensivos ocupados por varios grupos armados al margen de la ley, son la implementación de artefactos explosivos o minas antipersonales que permitiera proteger sus puestos de interés, sin tener en cuenta que estos traerán grandes consecuencias no solo para sus miembros sino también para la población civil. Por lo anterior, las presentes diapositivas buscan analizar que son las minas antipersonales como artefactos explosivos, como estas han afectado al territorio colombiano y a la población civil. Así mismo su incidencia en la modificación de la jurisdicción colombiana implementando la ley de víctimas, buscando oficializar un proceso de desminado para contrarrestar sus efectos y los retos que ha sido para la paz en Colombia. Igualmente se evidenciará como las minas antipersonales y el desminado humanitario han sido motivo de conferencias, convenciones y tratados internacionales que buscan detener este tipo de actos que atentan contra la vida y dignidad de las personas. Finalmente desde la perspectiva de lugar expuesta por John Agnew, se analizará el emplazamiento de las MAP por parte de las FARC.
GRID-FORMING/FOLLOWING CONTROL FOR CONVERTERS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Authors:   Tashlyk Pump Storage Power Plant, Yushnoukrainsk, Ukraine, Agamalov O.
Published: January 2021

Have been proposed the new control framework for converters of renewable energy sources (RES-C), based on choosing their operation mode – grid-forming or grid-following in depends on the dynamic stiffness (DS) of the power system for some bus i (control point), where we can observe arbitrary disturbance. In the proposed RES-C control framework, in cases of small values of DS around bus i, used the grid-forming control mode of RES-C, and in cases of large values ​​of DS around bus i, used the grid-following control mode of RES-C. Operation mode of RES-C can be changing in depends on measured DS values for bus i of a power system. References 4, figures 2.
BEHAVIOR OF LED LIGHT SOURCES IN PULSE POWER
Authors:   ernopil I. Pulyuy National Technical University, vul. Mikulinetska, 46, Ternopil, 46005, Ukraine, Andriychuk V.A. , Nakonechny M.S. ,   ernopil I. Pulyuy National Technical University, vul. Mikulinetska, 46, Ternopil, 46005, Ukraine, Osadtsa Y.M. ,   Ternopil I. Pulyuy National Technical University, vul. Mikulinetska, 46, Ternopil, 46005, Ukraine, Filiuk Y.O. ,   Ternopil I. Pulyuy National Technical University, vul. Mikulinetska, 46, Ternopil, 46005, Ukraine
Published: January 2021

The researches results of the energy and dynamic characteristics for FYL-3014 and ARPL-1W LEDs with different spectral radiation when voltage rectangular pulses feds to LEDs are presented in the paper. On the basis of obtained oscilograms it is established that electrical circuits of pulsed supply of the LEDs contain hidden reactive elements of inductive and capacitive nature. The substitution schemes are proposed for these circuits and their parameters have been determined. In substitution schemes that are proposed for these circuits the LED is represented by a parallel RC link, the active component of which is determined by the heterojunction's active region resistance, and the reactive one by a capacity that is equal diffuse capacity of transition. On the basis of analysis of obtained transient processes equations for these circles it established the attenuation coefficient's dependence on the resistance of the heterojunction's active region. The influence of pulse frequency on the LEDs energy efficiency has been investigated. It is established that the maximum pulse frequency of the FYL-3014 and ARPL-1W LEDs is equal 700 kHz. References 12, figures 6.
Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Tentang Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Dalam Situasi Terjadi Wabah Covid-19 Sebagai Langkah Antisipatif dan Proaktif Persebaran Virus Corona Di Indonesia
Authors: Aji Ahmad Mukri , Habibaty Diana Mutia
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn response to the spread of Covid-19, which reached the Republic of Indonesia, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) released Fatwa Number 14 of 2020 on the application of Worship in a Covid-19 Outbreak situation. This was achieved as a constructive and anticipatory move for the MUI Institute, which serves as a fatwa contributor in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative research method with a literature approach, especially in the Fatwa section of the Indonesian Ulema Council. The results of this study show that the steps taken by MUI are deemed acceptable as this organization is perceived to have a significant role to play in society. In addition, the measures taken by the Indonesian Ulema Council are aimed at preserving health and preventing exposure to disease. It is important as it is part of preserving the central purpose of religion (al-Dharurat al-Khams).Keywords: Covid-19, Indonesian Ulema Council, Fatwa, Proactive, Anticipatory AbstrakUntuk menyikapi persebaran Covid-19 yang telah memasuki Republik Indonesia, Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) mengeluarkan Fatwa No 14 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Ibadah dalam Situasi Terjadi Wabah Covid-19. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai langkah proaktif dan antisipatif Lembaga MUI yang berperan sebagai pemberi fatwa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur khususnya pada Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa langkah yang dilakukan MUI dianggap tepat karena Lembaga ini dipandang memiliki peran penting di masyarakat. Selain, langkah yang diambil Majelis Ulama Indonesia merupakan upaya menjaga kesehatan dan menghindari dari paparan penyakit. Hal ini penting dilakukan karena merupakan bagian dari  menjaga tujuan pokok beragama (al-Dharurat al-Khams).Kata Kunci : Covid-19, Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Fatwa, Proaktif, Antisipatif
Analisis Tindakan Aborsi Terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Budiyanto Budiyanto , Rohmah Siti Ngainnur
Published: January 2021

AbstractHuman life is sacred, so it must be maintained to continue his life. Taking the right of life of a person without error, then the law has killed all people including abortio). The abortion process is not only a process that has a high risk in terms of physical health and safety of a woman, but also has a very great impact on a woman's mental state. Human survival is very important as a nation's generation and it starts from the womb in the womb, whose rights should be fully respected and protected. The article purpose is to find out the review of Islamic Law on the phenomenon of child neglect and also review Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning human rights to the rights of life of children in the womb. The method use in this study is qualitative research with the library and empirical approach. Performing an abortion in the view of Islamic law is unlawful in principle, although there are exceptions that can to save the life of the mother due to medical emergencies is permissible under Islamic law and Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning human rights to the right of life of the fetus as stipulated since in the womb has the right to live, maintain life and improve the standard of living and from birth is entitled to a name and citizenship statusKeywords: Abortion, Human Rights, Child Protection. AbstrakKehidupan manusia itu suci, sehingga harus dipelihara kelangsungan hidupnya. Mengambil hak hidup seseorang tanpa kesalahan hukumnya sama dengan telah membunuh seluruh manusia, termasuk menggugurkan kandungan (aborsi). Proses aborsi bukan saja suatu proses yang memiliki resiko tinggi dari segi kesehatan dan keselamatan seorang wanita secara fisik, tetapi juga memiliki dampak yang sangat hebat terhadap keadaan mental seorang wanita. Kelangsungan hidup manusia sangatlah penting sebagai generasi bangsa dan itu dimulakan dari semenjak dalam kandungan, yang semestinya hak tersebut dihormati  dan dijaga dengan sepenuhnya. Penelitian  ini  menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan dan empiris. Tulisan ini memaparkan  tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap fenomena penelantaran anak dan  tinjauan Undang-undang No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM terhadap hak hidup anak di dalam kandungan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa melakukan tindakan aborsi dalam pandangan hukum Islam haram, namun ada pengecualian yaitu untuk menyelamatkan jiwa sang ibu karena kedaruratan medis,  dan Undang-undang No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM terhadap hak hidup janin menyatakan bahwa sejak dalam kandungan janin berhak untuk hidup, mempertahankan hidup dan meningkatkan taraf kehidupannya serta sejak kelahirannya berhak atas suatu nama dan status kewarganegaraan. Kata Kunci: Aborsi, HAM, Perlindungan Anak.
Formation of the Image of Russian State Security Agencies in the Public Consciousness: Symbolic Potential of Memorial Objects
Authors: Bulygin Alexey S. , Stashneva Mariya A.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The effectiveness of the work of law enforcement agencies largely depends on the support of population and the image of the agency in the public consciousness. Over the course of a century of the agency’s activities, the image of Russian special services and their leaders has been constantly transformed, that left its mark on the installation and demolition of monuments. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between the public perception of the activities of Russian state security bodies and the image of their leaders, reflected, among other things, in memorial objects. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the principles of determinism, objectivity, historicism, consistency. The article uses an interdisciplinary approach that integrates the achievements of a number of humanities on the subject under study. The theoretical basis of the study was the issues of domestic and foreign philosophers, historians, political scientists. Important source groups were electronic media reports and opinion polls. For the interpretation of the latter, a method of secondary analysis of data from sociological studies was used. Results. The ambiguous attitude of various social forces to the activities of state security bodies finds its expression in the struggle for the existence of memorial objects in memory of their leaders. The most discussed historical figures in this context are Felix Dzerzhinsky, Lavrenti Beria and Yuri Andropov. In recent decades, there has been an increase in positive assessments of these statesmen in the public mind and scientific community. Nevertheless, the most significant initiatives in the field of commemoration of the activities of special services (in particular, the return of the Dzerzhinsky monument to Lubyanka Square) have not yet been implemented. Discussion and Conclusions.

A public reminder about the heads of state security agencies stimulates a reassessment of historical events in the public mind and positively affects the image of the agency. The current moment seems to the authors favorable to perpetuate the achievements of security agencies.
“Digital trust” vs “Distrust” in the Formation of Social Relations and Practices of Glocal Society
Authors: Martynova Marina D.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The individual’s application of established social practices in the digital environment faces certain difficulties caused by the wide opportunities for “honest” and “dishonest” behavior on the Internet. The high level of trust in digital technologies and the possibility of manipulating personal data, the desire to rely on “expert opinion” and unreliable information, the social need for communication and the illusion of communication in social networks, as well as other dilemmas of relationships in the digital world and operating with big data create a sense of uncertainty, instability and disunity in the perception of digital reality. The purpose of the article is to identify social and ethical aspects of trust phenomenon as an attitude of consciousness, obstacles to digital trust and identify ways to develop it. Materials and Methods. The interdisciplinary approach based on ethics of information technology, sociology, and communication theory allows us to analyze the formation of new social practices and interpret the development of a person’s value attitude to new realities of life. Research result. The following areas of actualization of the concept of “trust” in the digital world are identified as trust in data and algorithms, trust in “digital subject”, “Internet of trust” as a space of obligations and rules. The formation of the “Internet of trust” is associated with awareness of all social, moral and psychological problems associated with the process of combining online and offline environments in the social practice of an individual, where new forms of applying traditional standards of behavior should be found. Discussion and Conclusion. Postponing the rational risk analysis of digital interaction by an individual “for later” provokes the creation of situations that are critical for the individual’s well-being and security. The costs of digital trust are reduced security and creation of “traps” in public relations and social practices. Digital environment creates a situation of vulnerability of an individual, which encourages him to resort to possible measures of protection. In turn, the “Internet of trust” as a new digital reality is absolutely necessary for the effective functioning and further development of society.
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT ON THE ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “FINNO-UGRIC PEOPLES IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL SPACE OF RUSSIA”
Authors: Arsentyev Nikolay M.
Published: January 2021

From 8 to 9 October 2020 in Saransk, with the support of the History of the Motherland Fund, the All-Russian Scientific Conference “Finno-Ugric Peoples in the Socio-Economic and Cultural Space of Russia”, VI Merkushkin Scientific Readings took place. At the conference site, representatives of various research centers, universities, archives, museums and other organizations studying Finno-Ugric issues had the opportunity to creatively communicate. The conference demonstrated the relevance of modern scientific and fundamental knowledge in the field of ethnocultural policy. The conference has strengthened the integration of scientific developments, a productive dialogue has been formed between specialists and scientists not only in the social and humanitarian, but also in natural science, information and other areas of scientific knowledge, increasing the efficiency of their research and technologies; revealed new research problems, methods, new sources, methodological approaches. The conference was held within the framework of the Finno-Ugric scientific and public forum “All of us are Russia!”.
Dynamics in the Reading Levels of Students from the Same Class in Burgas District, Bulgaria, Compared to the PISA Criteria
Authors: Borisova Tanya
Published: January 2021

The article traces the results of a longitudinal study of the dynamics in the level of reading literacy of students from the same class in Burgas district correlated with the criteria of PISA. A class that has been tested in the national external assessments and according to the criteria of PISA in ninth grade. State educational requirements and the criteria for reading literacy of PISA have been compared. The aggravation of the reading literacy of the students is objectively observed and the reasons of it are being discussed.
Rule of Law vs. Poland and Hungary – an Inconsistent Approach?
Authors: Daminova Nasiya
Published: January 2021

The first attempts of the European Commission and Parliament to invoke Art. 7(1) of the Treaty on European Union against the Polish and Hungarian governments demonstrate the EU’s political willingness to claim its own authority in defending core European values (Art. 2 TEU) in case of state disobedience. However, despite these attempts to integrate the Rule of Law concept into the overall EU’s supervisory machinery, the Commission’s and the Parliament’s submissions indicate a lack of coherency in implementing the principle as a relevant tool to address multiple challenges arising within the EU Member States legal systems. The parallel developments in the CJEUs case-law(LM/ML, Torubarov)support this statement. Regardless of the Council’s yes/ no decisions in the Polish and Hungarian cases, these lines of reasoning are capable of giving rise to further questions in application of the European Arrest Warrant Framework decision or the Asylum Procedures Directive, in particular the EU Member States which remain within the scope of the EU’s attention in view of systemic Human Rights violations (Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia). Moreover, the series of the CJEU’s judgements on the Polish judicial reform are capable of paving the way to thede factointervention into traditional areas of the EU Member States competence – the organisation of the national judicial systems, in light of the development of a EU-specific principle of effective judicial review.
Variations in strain affect friction and microstructure evolution in copper under a reciprocating tribological load
Authors: Becker Sarah , Schulz Katrin , Scherhaufer Dennis , Gumbsch Peter , Greiner Christian
Published: January 2021

The microstructure of the materials constituting a metallic frictional contact strongly influences tribological performance. Being able to tailor friction and wear is challenging due to the complex microstructure evolution associated with tribological loading. Here, we investigate the effect of the strain distribution on these processes. High-purity copper plates were morphologically surface textured with two parallel rectangles—referred to as membranes—over the entire sample length by micro-milling. By keeping the width of these membranes constant and only varying their height, reciprocating tribological loading against sapphire discs resulted in different elastic and plastic strains. Finite element simulations were carried out to evaluate the strain distribution in the membranes. It was found that the maximum elastic strain increases with decreasing membrane stiffness. The coefficient of friction decreases with increasing membrane aspect ratio. By analyzing the microstructure and local crystallographic orientation, we found that both show less change with decreasing membrane stiffness.

Graphic abstract
Comment: ICT in Preschool
Authors:   College of Vocational School, Subotica, Vocational Training for Preschool Teachers and Sports Trainers, Subotica, Serbia, Hilcenko Slavoljub
Published: January 2021

ICT Tools are not primary, but secondary learning source for teaching abstract mathematical concepts at preschool institution. As a matter of fact, for children ICT Tools don’t have the power of immediate and practical experience or experimental work, which are the primary source of learning such contents. ICT Tools can only be used to revise knowledge after children have acquired it through direct manipulative activities and experiments, which require sensory experiences (eyes, hands). In that way children estimate volume of different liquids and their dishes firstly subjectively and then objectively.
Requirement of New, Effective Educational Programs – Necessity for Future Development of Society
Authors:   Doc. Ing., PhD., Vysoká škola DTI in Dubnica nad Váhom, Katedra didaktiky odborných predmetov, Slovenská republika, Kováčik Peter
Published: January 2021

The article analyses demands of new concepts of student education on the level of secondary schools with technical focus. It urges the necessity to create new educational programs that prepare new future technical operators towards requirements of the labour market in future years in harmony with specifications of Industry 4.0. Many of job specializations is possible, at present time, to estimate only as a frame, but considering a length of study it is necessary to realize predictions at sphere of education needs consistently, expertly and continuously to introduce their results into innovations of existing educational programs or to introduce completely new, perspective educational programs by needs rising at production sector.
Didactic Significance of Modern Simulation Programs in Vocational Education – Divagations from Own Research
Authors:   Doctor, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Department of Pedagogy, Poland, Prauzner Tomasz
Published: January 2021

Simulation programs in polytechnic (vocational) education have an important didactic function. On the one hand, they are a great example of modern didactic software, on the other hand, knowledge of the simulation software environment by a future graduate of a technical university increases the qualifications of the future employee and allows him to acquire an attractive profession. In the era of high requirements set by employers and competition on the education market, their knowledge seems highly justified. However, whether simulation programs, especially deterministic ones, can also act as teaching aids is not so obvious. In this article, in addition to purely theoretical considerations, will be presented stages of own research on didactic efficiency, or more precisely the impact of this group of software on the cognitive process during learning. More importantly, the didactic effectiveness was tested based on typical pedagogical research as well as by means of electroencephalographic tests using the QEEG method.