bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Troponin level at presentation as a prognostic factor among patients presenting with non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Loutati Ranel , Perel Nimrod , Bruoha Sharon , Taha Louay , Tabi Meir , Marmor David , Amsalem Itshak , Hitter Rafael , Manassra Mohammed , Hamayel Kamal , Karameh Hani , Tommer Maller  , Steinmetz Yoed , Karmi Mohammad , Shuvy Mony , Glikson Michael , Asher Elad
Published: October 2023

Background

Timely reperfusion within 120 min is strongly recommended in patients presenting with non‐ST‐segment myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) with very high‐risk features. Evidence regarding the use of high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs‐cTn) concentration upon admission for the risk‐stratification of patients presenting with NSTEMI to expedite percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thus potentially improve outcomes is limited.

Methods

All patients admitted to a tertiary care center ICCU between July 2019 and July 2022 were included. Hs‐cTnI levels on presentaion were recorded, dividing patients into quartiles based on baseline hs‐cTnI. Association between initial hs‐cTnI and all‐cause mortality during up to 3 years of follow‐up was studied.

Results

A total of 544 NSTEMI patients with a median age of 67 were included. Hs‐cTnI levels in each quartile were: (a) ≤122, (b) 123–680, (c) 681–2877, and (d) ≥2878 ng/L. There was no difference between the initial hs‐cTnI level groups regarding age and comorbidities. A higher mortality rate was observed in the highest hs‐cTnI quartile as compared with the lowest hs‐cTnI quartile (16.2% vs. 7.35%, p = .03) with hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 2.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–5.4; p = .012) in the unadjusted model, and HR of 2.06 (95% CI: 1.01–4.79; p = .047) with adjustment for age, gender, serum creatinine, and significant comorbidities.

Conclusions

Patients with NSTEMI and higher hs‐cTnI levels upon admission faced elevated mortality risk. This underscores the need for further prospective investigations into early reperfusion strategies' impact on NSTEMI patients' mortality, based on admission troponin elevation.
Synthesis of Oxazolones with Extended Conjugation and Evaluation of their Linear and Nonlinear Optical Photochemistry
Authors: García Ángel L. , Bravo Melissa , Orozco‐Barrera Diego , Jara‐Cortés Jesús , Peon Jorge , Rivero Ignacio A.
Published: October 2023

Oxazolones or azlactones are small heterocyclic systems that can be easily functionalized with a double bond directly attached to their structure. In addition, they can be substituted on the opposite side of the heterocycle with styrenyl groups to extend their conjugation. This allows for versatile tuning of their linear and non‐linear optical properties. In this work, eight doubly substituted oxazolones including different push‐pull or pull‐pull designs were synthesized, and their linear and non‐linear photophysical properties were studied. As we show, the two‐photon activity of these systems is dependent on the donor‐acceptor pattern, where a methoxy substitution on the styrene end of the molecule and an acetyl group on the other end shows two‐photon Z‐E conversion properties with an important two photon absorption cross section of 308 GM. Most oxazolones shown in this study undergo picosecond relaxation to the electronic ground state, releasing the biphotonic energy to their surrounding environment. The results obtained in this work are indicative of potential applications of these molecules in schemes where high spatial patterning or thermalization is required.
Identifying biomass yield potential of tetra‐, hexa‐, and octoploid prairie cordgrass populations grown on marginal lands
Authors: Lee Moon‐Sub , Boyd Ryan A. , Jang Chunhwa , Lee Jung Woo , Lee Do Kyoung
Published: October 2023

As the demand for renewable energy sources with reduced carbon emissions to the atmosphere increases, bioenergy crops remain an attractive alternative to fossil fuels. Another appeal of bioenergy crops is the potential utilization of marginal lands not suitable for food crops. Prairie cordgrass is a perennial warm‐season polyploid grass species that is considered a bioenergy crop that also exhibits a high tolerance for salinity and flooding. The ploidy level of prairie cordgrass has previously been suggested to correlate with agronomic traits. However, little is known about the agricultural performance of prairie cordgrass on marginal lands and if a correlation of ploidy level and stress tolerance exists. In this experiment, the productivity of tetra‐, hexa‐, and octoploids was investigated when grown on three different marginal sites, including waterlogged, saline, and low‐nutrient gravelly soils. Here, we found that prairie cordgrass populations annually produced dry biomass on a wet marginal site comparable to normal cropland. However, the productivity was remarkedly decreased at both a salt‐affected site and a limestone mine reclamation site. We were unable to conclude that different ploidy levels affected the biomass yield of prairie cordgrass grown under abiotic stress. However, there was a differential response of populations to various types of marginal sites. These results indicate potential genetic resources for developing breeding targets and identifying mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance. Moreover, we highlight the need to generate diverse ploidy levels of prairie cordgrass in the same genetic backgrounds for future testing.
Expanding the availability of soybean oil for renewable diesel with a high oil–low protein cultivar
Authors: Egli Dennis B.
Published: October 2023

It is imperative that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions decrease rapidly to limit global warming and prevent catastrophic climate change. Renewable diesel fuel, made from vegetable oil, is playing an increasingly important role in reducing emissions in the transportation sector that is hard to electrify (long‐haul trucking, shipping, and aviation). Increasing the use of renewable diesel made from soybean oil will increase the competition for crop land between food and fuel. This conflict could be reduced by the development of a high‐yielding soybean cultivar producing seeds containing very high oil and very low protein concentrations. The well‐known inverse relationships between oil and protein concentrations and protein concentration and yield suggest that development of such a cultivar is possible. A high oil–low protein, high yielding cultivar dedicated to oil production would produce substantially more oil per unit area and reduce the food/fuel conflict.
Educators engaged in curriculum work: Encounters with relationally responsive curriculum practices
Authors: Vass Greg , Coombs David , Woods Annette , Lowe Kevin
Published: October 2023

The Culturally Nourishing Schooling (CNS) project is focused on whole‐of‐learning community efforts that aim to improve the educational experiences and achievements of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander learners. The project supports school‐based professional learning strategies, broad school or system‐level initiatives and deep engagement with local community, including students and their families. One of the professional learning strategies in the project is a 2‐day intensive curriculum‐focused workshop, which ran for the first time in 2021 within urban, regional, and remote school settings across New South Wales, Australia. The first day of the curriculum workshop introduces teachers and local Cultural Mentors to three analytic frameworks that they utilise to appraise curriculum resources available in the public domain. The curriculum resources appraised are all examples of curriculum designed to support educators with embedding an Indigenous knowledges focused National Cross‐Curriculum Priority into their curriculum. On the second day of the workshop, teachers are tasked with appraising and revising a curriculum unit of work that they or colleagues have planned for the upcoming teaching semester. The curriculum workshop culminates with the revised teaching and learning resources being presented to the full group of workshop participants, and subsequently each teacher is asked to write a reflection about the curriculum work that they have engaged in. For this paper, data analysis draws on ‘three sensibilities’ that invite enacting a form of onto‐epistemic heterogeneity. These sensibilities are multiplicity, horizontality and dialogicality. This analytic undertaking simultaneously explores the entanglements, and grapples with the possibilities, of re‐imagining curriculum and related pedagogical practices that seek to ‘delink from the colonial matrices of power’.
Specific CaMKIIs mediate convergent extension cell movements in early zebrafish development
Authors: McLeod Jamie J. , Rothschild Sarah C. , Francescatto Ludmila , Kim Haerin , Tombes Robert M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Noncanonical Wnts are morphogens that can elevate intracellular Ca2+, activate the Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase, CaMKII, and promote cell movements during vertebrate gastrulation.

Results

Zebrafish express seven CaMKII genes during embryogenesis; two of these, camk2b1 and camk2g1, are necessary for convergent extension (CE) cell movements. CaMKII morphant phenotypes were observed as early as epiboly. At the 1–3 somite stage, neuroectoderm and paraxial cells remained unconverged in both morphants. Later, somites lacked their stereotypical shape and were wider, more closely spaced, and body gap angles increased. At 24hpf, somite compression and notochord undulation coincided with a shorter and broader body axis. A camk2b1 crispant was generated which phenocopied the camk2b1 morphant. The levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis and paraxial and neuroectodermal markers were unchanged in morphants. Hyperactivation of CaMKII during gastrulation by transient pharmacological intervention (thapsigargin) also caused CE defects. Mosaically expressed dominant‐negative CaMKII recapitulated these phenotypes and showed significant midline bifurcation. Finally, the introduction of CaMKII partially rescued Wnt11 morphant phenotypes.

Conclusions

Overall, these data support a model whereby cyclically activated CaMKII encoded from two genes enables cell migration during the process of CE.
Exploring the endangerment mechanisms of Hipposideros pomona based on molecular phylogeographic methods
Authors: Liu Wei , Hao Yan , Song Xinhang , Ma Liqun , Li Jing , He Jingying , Bu Yanzhen , Niu Hongxing
Published: October 2023

The endangerment mechanisms of various species are a focus of studies on biodiversity and conservation biology. Hipposideros pomona is an endangered species, but the reasons behind its endangerment remain unclear. We investigated the endangerment mechanisms of H. pomona using mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA, and microsatellite loci markers. The results showed that the nucleotide diversity of mitochondria DNA and heterozygosity of microsatellite markers were high (π = 0.04615, HO = 0.7115), whereas the nucleotide diversity of the nuclear genes was low (THY: π = 0.00508, SORBS2: π = 0.00677, ACOX2: π = 0.00462, COPS7A: π = 0.00679). The phylogenetic tree and median‐joining network based on mitochondrial DNA sequences clustered the species into three clades, namely North Vietnam‐Fujian, Myanmar‐West Yunnan, and Laos‐Hainan clades. However, joint analysis of nuclear genes did not exhibit clustering. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a strong population genetic structure; IMa2 analysis did not reveal significant gene flow between all groups (p > .05), and isolation‐by‐distance analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between genetic and geographic distances (p < .05). The mismatch distribution analysis, neutral test, and Bayesian skyline plots revealed that the H. pomona population were relatively stable and exhibited a contraction trend. The results implied that H. pomona exhibits female philopatry and male‐biased dispersal. The Hengduan Mountains could have acted as a geographical barrier for gene flow between the North Vietnam‐Fujian clade and the Myanmar‐West Yunnan clade, whereas the Qiongzhou Strait may have limited interaction between the Hainan populations and other clades. The warm climate during the second interglacial Quaternary period (c. 0.33 Mya) could have been responsible for species differentiation, whereas the cold climate during the late Quaternary last glacial maximum (c. 10 ka BP) might have caused the overall contraction of species. The lack of significant gene flow in nuclear microsatellite loci markers among the different populations investigated reflects recent habitat fragmentation due to anthropogenic activities; thus, on‐site conservation of the species and restoration of gene flow corridors among populations need immediate implementation.
Metal‐Free Synthesis of 4‐Bromoisocoumarins through Brominative Annulation of 2‐Alkynylaryloate Esters Using In Situ Generated Transient Bromoiodane
Authors: Sodoor Mohammad , Selvakumar Sermadurai
Published: October 2023

Herein, we report a facile and proficient protocol for the synthesis of 4‐bromoisocoumarins through brominative annulation of 2‐alkynylaryloate esters with in situ generated bromoiodane using a simple hypervalent iodine reagent as mild oxidant and potassium bromide as the halogen source. Using this method, a broad range of valuable halogenated isocoumarins can be obtained in excellent yields at room temperature. Also, this reaction takes place in the absence of any metal catalyst and exhibits high functional group tolerance. Besides, the reaction can also be extended to the gram scale, and a catalytic approach was also demonstrated. Additionally, the prepared 4‐bromoisocoumarins were further transformed into important synthetic compounds.
Dynamics of run‐off hydraulic characteristics during gully headcut erosion driven by head height
Authors: Tang Qiuyue , Liao Dalan , Lin Zhe , He Ling , Wei Jiangxing , Duan Xiaoqian , Deng Yusong
Published: October 2023

In the granitic red soil hills region of South China, gully headcut erosion is considered one of the main processes in the development of gullies. However, the dynamics of run‐off hydraulic characteristics such as hydrodynamics and energy consumption during erosion have not been clarified. We investigated the effects of five headcut heights (25 to 125 cm) on hydrodynamic and energy consumption characteristics using field in situ water discharge scouring experiments. The results demonstrated that the flow velocity (V), Froude number (Fr), Reynolds number (Re), run‐off shear (τ) and run‐off power (ω) all indicate the upstream area (UA) > gully bed (GB). Except for V and Fr, several other hydraulic parameters exhibited a trend of sandy soil layer > red soil layer, and a fluctuating increase with increasing headcut height was observed in the GB. The jet velocity at the edge of the headcut (Vb), jet shear stress (τj), potential energy conversion (∆EP) and bottoming instantaneous kinetic energy (EKbottom) all increased exponentially with increasing headcut height by factors of 1.10 to 1.37, 1.16 to 2.00, 1.07 to 2.06 and 1.22 to 1.86, respectively. Except for ∆EP, all others performed a trend of sandy soil layer > red soil layer. The energy consumption at the gully head (∆EH) and its contribution tended to significantly increase with increasing headcut height, and the ∆EH of sandy soil layer was 13.20% to 49.89% higher than that of red soil layer. When the headcut height was greater than 100 cm, the contribution of energy consumption exceeded 50%. In addition, the sediment deposition process throughout the system was significantly influenced by the hydraulic and jet characteristics, and energy consumption was positively correlated with soil loss. The study results contribute to a profound understanding of gully headcut erosion and its hydrodynamic mechanisms.
Demonstration and scale‐up of high‐temperature electrolysis systems
Authors: Schwarze Konstantin , Geißler Thomas , Nimtz Michael , Blumentritt Robert
Published: October 2023

High‐temperature electrolysis (HTE) is a key to link the electricity sector with other industries and to evolve the electricity transition into a full energy transition. After years of development, HTE is now on the threshold to reach market readiness. The present work shows the latest achievements of Sunfire's development based on the results of the project GrInHy2.0 demonstrating hydrogen production (solid oxide electrolysis cell [SOEC]) in an industrial environment and the project SynLink demonstrating co‐electrolysis (Co‐SOEC) for renewable synthesis gas production. The GrInHy2.0 system is a 720 kWAC electrolyzer operating in the iron‐and‐steel works Salzgitter (Germany). It is now in operation for approx. 14,500 h and achieved a mean degradation rate below 23 mOhm cm2 kh−1 and an electrical efficiency of up to 84%LHV. It also proved that HTE now reached industrial‐relevant availability of over 90%. While the HTE system in Salzgitter consists of eight modules, a single module was tested in co‐electrolysis mode within the project SynLink. It demonstrated synthesis gas generation via Co‐SOEC with a flexible H2/CO ratio between 1 and 4. The work provides insight into how HTE will play a major role in the near future to efficiently produce renewable feedstock for an economy with a drastically reduced carbon footprint.
The association between periodontal disease and risk of adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of analytical observational studies
Authors: Karimi Newsha , Samiee Negin , Moradi Yousef
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim

The aim of this meta‐analysis was to find the association between periodontal disease (PD) and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including Pre‐eclampsia (PE), premature rupture of the amniotic sac, gestational diabetes (GDM), or low birth weight (LBW) in pregnant women, which should be investigated in a systematic meta‐analysis.

Methods

Studies that reported the association between PD and pregnancy or neonatal outcomes and were published from January 1990 to December 2022, were identified by an extensive search in PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Medline (Elsevier). After retrieving the studies, the screening stage was performed based on their titles, abstracts, and full texts, and after selecting the final articles, their information was extracted and their quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale checklist.

Results

Pregnant women with PD had a 1.39 higher chance of developing GDM than those who did not have the infection (risk ratio [RR]: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21−1.61; I square: 49.67%; p: 0.03). Additionally, the pooled RR of LBW was 2.19, which indicates that pregnant women with PD had a 2.19‐fold higher risk of LBW than pregnant women who do not have the infection (RR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.82−2.64; I square: 0.00%; p: 0.65). The relationship between the risk of PE and the existence of PD was examined in 33 cohort and case‐control studies for this meta‐analysis. These results were combined, and the pooled RR was 1.43. This indicates that pregnant women with PD are 1.43 times more likely to experience PE than pregnant women without PD (RR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.32−1.54; I square: 82.64%; p: 0.00).

Conclusion

According to the findings of the current meta‐analysis, PD may contribute to a higher risk of poor maternal and newborn outcomes in pregnant women.
Ghanaian clients' perception of fitness instructors' adherence to exercise delivery services codes of conduct: An exploratory study
Authors: Tiguridaane Isaac A. , Doku Abigail O. , Deku Prince D.‐G. , Afrifa Daniel , Akwa Lady G. , Asamoah‐Mensah Anthony , Moses Monday O.
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims

Patronage for fitness and wellness activities has increased in Ghana, but the perception of primary consumers regarding exercise delivery service codes of conduct (EDCC) remains undocumented. This study reported the perception of clients about fitness instructors' adherence to EDCC.

Methods

Three hundred and seventy‐nine (mean age = 26.12 ± 8.83 years) clients registered with National Sports for ALL Association, Ghana (NASFAAG) were recruited. The participants were not living with any diagnosed disability, using psychiatric medication, and had consistently participated in fitness training, at least three times a week for a year, and not below the age of 18 years. The participants were recruited from fitness and wellness centers, gyms, and fitness clubs in three regions (Greater Accra—GA, Upper East—UE, and Ashanti—A) of Ghana. A closed‐ended, self‐structured and validated awareness and adherence exercise delivery codes of conduct questionnaires was administered. The questionnaire focused on data protection and responsibility, informed consent, competence, and professional and personal conduct adapted from the British Association of Sports and Exercise Science codes of conduct was administered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 was used to run factor analysis which determined factorial distribution of clients' perception of instructors on codes of conduct.

Results

In total, 50.99% (UE), 47.68% (A), and 46.02% (GA) clients indicated that identities were unprotected when trainers displayed information. In all, 31.05% (UE), 40.34% (A), and 36.48% (GA) showed they were introduced to substances without consent. In total, 38.89% (UE), 32.70% (A), and 53.55% (GA) clients participated in training to realize that the expertise expected was not provided. In all, 38.10% (UE) and 36.23% (A) agreed that instructors put safety at risk, while 23.02% (GA) exploited clients for personal gain.

Conclusion

Fitness instructors need enlightenment to adhere ethically to EDCC activities in Ghana. Activities related to wellness and fitness in Ghana require regulations.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of microneedling with tranexamic acid in comparison with microneedling with vitamin C in the treatment of melasma: A prospective and single‐blind clinical trial
Authors: Pazyar Nader , Raeispour Maryam , Yaghoobi Reza , Seyedtabib Maryam
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims

Melasma is a common skin condition. Microneedling acts as a dermal delivery system that facilitates the penetration of lightening agents such as vitamin C and tranexamic acid (TXA) into the deeper layers of the skin. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of microneedling with TXA with microneedling and vitamin C in treating melasma.

Methods

In patients with melasma, microneedling was performed at 2–3 mm depth. During that, TXA and vitamin C were poured on the skin of each side of the face, and then each ampoule was soaked for 15 min. This method was performed three times in 2‐week intervals, and the results were compared by measuring the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) score before, during, and 2 months after the completion of the treatment.

Results

The average MASI score in the baseline in the TXA group was 4.61, and in the vitamin C group was 4.58. The average MASI score in the patients treated with TXA in the last treatment session was 2.40, and the group treated with vitamin C was 2.44. The study results showed that the treatment was effective in both groups based on MASI score. Although there was a difference between the responses of the two groups, it was not significant.

Conclusion

Microneedling with vitamin C and TXA is a safe and effective treatment option without side effects for treating melasma.
Investigation of a synonymous mutation in Btk in a patient with agammaglobulinemia: A case report
Authors: Srinivasan Cindy , Shameli Afshin , Ritchie Bruce , Adatia Adil
Published: October 2023

Background

X‐linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is the most common form of agammaglobulinemia and is caused by mutations in Btk, which encodes Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK).

Case Description

We describe a 36‐year‐old male who presented as an infant with hypogammaglobulinemia and sinopulmonary infections and was initially diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency. Genetic testing showed he was hemizygous for Btk c.240G > A. This synonymous variant affecting the last nucleotide of exon 3 leads to aberrant splicing of most but not all mRNA transcripts.

Conclusion

We demonstrated reduced BTK protein expression confirming the pathogenicity of the variant and related our findings to genotype‐phenotype relationship studies ina XLA caused by synonymous mutations.
Human papillomavirus and p16INK4a in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lu Yong , Clifford Gary M. , Fairley Christopher K. , Grulich Andrew E. , Garland Suzanne M. , Xiao Fei , Wang Yuan , Zou Huachun
Published: October 2023

We intended to update human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and p16INK4a positivity in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomars (SCC), and calculate HPV attributable fraction (AF) for oropharyngeal SCC by geographic region. We searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify published studies of HPV prevalence and p16INK4a positivity alone or together in oropharyngeal SCC before December 28, 2021. Studies that reported type‐specific HPV DNA prevalence using broad‐spectrum PCR‐based testing methods were included. We estimated pooled HPV prevalence, type‐specific HPV prevalence, and p16INK4a positivity. AF of HPV was calculated by geographic region. One hundred and thirty‐four studies including 12 139 cases were included in our analysis. The pooled HPV prevalence estimate for oropharyngeal SCC was 48.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.2‐53.0). HPV prevalence varied significantly by geographic region, and the highest HPV prevalence in oropharyngeal SCC was noted in North America (72.6%, 95% CI 63.8‐80.6). Among HPV positive cases, HPV 16 was the most common type with a prevalence of 40.2% (95% CI 35.7‐44.7). The pooled p16INK4a positivity in HPV positive and HPV16 positive oropharyngeal SCC cases was 87.2% (95% CI 81.6‐91.2) and 91.7% (84.3‐97.2). The highest AFs of HPV and HPV16 were noted in North America at 69.6% (95% CI 53.0‐91.5) and 63.0% (48.0‐82.7). [Correction added on 31 October 2023, after first online publication: the percentage symbol (%) was missing and has been added to 63.0% (48.0‐82.7) in the Abstract and Conclusion.] A significant proportion of oropharyngeal SCC was attributable to HPV. HPV16 accounts for the majority of HPV positive oropharyngeal SCC cases. These findings highlight the importance of HPV vaccination in the prevention of a substantial proportion of oropharyngeal SCC cases.
Voluntariness, timing, and consistency in adolescent routine disclosure and lying to parents
Authors: Smetana Judith G. , Li Yuejiao , Mncwabe Sduduzo
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Whether adolescents' routine disclosure to parents is voluntary is assumed but rarely assessed. Researchers also have not examined whether disclosure and lying are premeditated, occurring before rather than after disclosure or lying, and whether adolescents use a single strategy consistently rather than applying multiple strategies when deciding whether to disclose or lie about their activities. This study investigated these significant gaps in the literature and tested whether voluntariness (for disclosure), timing, consistency, and parental psychological control are associated with lessons learned from disclosure and lying.

Methods

Narrative interviews were conducted in 2014–2015 with 131 primarily middle‐class, mostly White US early and middle adolescents and college students (M's = 12.74, 15.81, 20.41 years). Narrated disclosure and lying interviews were reliably coded for voluntariness, timing, consistency, and lessons learned. Parental psychological control was assessed using an online survey.

Results

Disclosure was primarily strategic or voluntary and less often involuntary. Lying occurred more often before the narrated event, whereas disclosure occurred more often after. Youth typically reported using other strategies besides the elicited one. Disclosing after was associated with lessons learned. Voluntary disclosure was associated with psychological growth, and psychological control was associated with negative self‐lessons.

Conclusions

Disclosure and lying are complex and nuanced, varying in their timing, consistency, and voluntariness. These features contribute to adolescents' meaning‐make from disclosure and lying. The findings have implications for future research on disclosure and secrecy.
The development of magnesium‐based biomaterials in bone tissue engineering: A review
Authors: Wu Jiaxin , Cheng Xinting , Wu Jicenyuan , Chen Junyu , Pei Xibo
Published: October 2023

Bone regeneration is a vital clinical challenge in massive or complicated bone defects. Recently, bone tissue engineering has come to the fore to meet the demand for bone repair with various innovative materials. However, the reported materials usually cannot satisfy the requirements, such as ideal mechanical and osteogenic properties, as well as biocompatibility at the same time. Mg‐based biomaterials have considerable potential in bone tissue engineering owing to their excellent mechanical strength and biosafety. Moreover, the biocompatibility and osteogenic activity of Mg‐based biomaterials have been the research focuses in recent years. The main limitation faced in the applications of Mg‐based biomaterials is rapid degradation, which can produce excessive Mg2+ and hydrogen, affecting the healing of the bone defect. In order to overcome the limitations, researchers have explored several ways to improve the properties of Mg‐based biomaterials, including alloying, surface modification with coatings, and synthesizing other composite materials to control the degradation rate upon implantation. This article reviewed the osteogenic mechanism and requirement for appropriate degradation rate and focused on current progress in the biomedical use of Mg‐based biomaterials to inspire more clinical applications of Mg in bone regeneration in the future.
Generation of fluorescent minibodies for rapid FLISA‐based detection of pine wilt disease marker
Authors: Kim Seon‐Hyung , Jeong Hee‐Jin
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Development of a rapid and accurate detection method for a pine wilt disease (PWD) biomarker is crucial to prevent the spread of this disease in forests. In this study, we produced a recombinant minibody‐type antibody against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus peroxiredoxin (BxPrx), which is a protein secreted by the PWD‐causing B. xylophilus pathogen.

Results

We labeled the anti‐BxPrx minibody using two different fluorescent dyes, Alexa Fluor (AF) 488 and AF647, and established a fluorescence‐linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) system using these probes. Both fluorescent minibodies showed limit of detection values of 10.2 and 14.6 ng for the AF488‐ and AF647‐labeled antibodies, respectively, suggesting the usefulness of these probes for FLISA‐based sensitive detection of BxPrx.

Conclusion

The entire duration for performing FLISA was 3 h, and enzyme‐conjugated secondary antibody incubation, washing and enzymatic reaction steps were not required, which was comparable to traditional ELISA. Both AF488‐ and AF647‐labeled minibodies showed high sensitivity, suggesting that these probes are useful for various fluorescence measurement techniques, which typically use green or red filters. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in cervical adenocarcinoma (usual type and variants): A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Reynders Celia , Lerho Thomas , Goebel Emily A. , Crum Christopher P. , Vandenput Sandrina , Beaudart Charlotte , Herfs Michael
Published: October 2023

Cervical glandular neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of tumors for which a comprehensive overview of the involvement of high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) in pathogenesis is still lacking. We first searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Scopus databases (until October 2022), and systematically reviewed available literature. We then quantitatively estimated both pooled and genotype‐specific prevalence of HPV DNA as well as the influence of various factors (e.g., geographical region, histological subtype, tissue/sample type) on computed effect size by means of random effects meta‐analysis. In total, 379 studies comprising 17 129 cases of cervical adenocarcinoma were identified. The pooled HPV prevalence was 78.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 76.2–80.3) with a significant between‐study heterogeneity (I2 = 79.4%, Q test p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses indicated that the effect size differed substantially by geographical region (from 72.5% [95% CI: 68.7–76.1] in Asia to 86.8% [95% CI: 82.2–90.3] in Oceania) (p < 0.0001) and histological subtype of cancer (from 9.8% [95% CI: 5.5–17] in gastric‐type to 85% [95% CI: 79.6–89.2] in usual‐type cervical adenocarcinoma) (p < 0.0001). HPV16 and HPV18 were by far the most frequently detected viral strains with specific prevalence of 49.8% (95% CI: 46.9–52.6) and 45.3% (95% CI: 42.8–47.8), respectively. When stratified by continent or histologic variant, these genotype‐specific results varied in a relatively limited manner. Altogether, these findings support that all histological subtypes of cervical adenocarcinoma are etiologically linked to high‐risk HPV but to varying degrees. Therefore, a dual‐criteria classification taking into account accurately both morphological and virological aspects could be an interesting evolution of the current binary World Health Organization classification, better reflecting the pathogenic diversity of the disease.
Profession choice processes and career counseling experiences of people with physical disabilities in Turkey
Authors: Avcı Özlem Haskan
Published: October 2023

People with disabilities may face various barriers to employment. I aimed to explore the career counseling experiences of a sample of people with physical disabilities. The participants were 95 individuals with a disability aged 19–48 years. One emerging theme, barriers and aids, was related to family, teachers, and school counselors. Participants’ choices seemed to be affected by the negative attitudes of their peers with a disability. A second theme, career counseling as well as its availability, content, and quality, comprises subthemes such as collaboration between stakeholders in processes related to people with disabilities, qualifications of career counselors, and content of the services provided.
Fast neural network for TV super resolution scaling‐up system
Authors: Hsia Shih‐Chang , Wang Szu‐Hong , Yuan Wei‐Chien
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a modified architecture aimed at reducing the computational demands of the generative adversarial network for super‐resolution image generation. To achieve this, we embedded depth‐wise and point‐wise convolution into the convolution layer, effectively decreasing operational complexity and improving the overall network structure. For training and validation, we utilized a dataset consisting of 900 image pairs with resolutions of 480 × 270 and 1920 × 1080. Our experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method can reduce computational operators by 63% compared to the original network, while still maintaining the quality of super‐resolution images. To enable real‐time implementation, the architecture with light model subsequently deployed it on a GPU processor, allowing for efficient scaling of TV signals for 16× resolution expansion. Our experiments showed that the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) reached approximately 28 dB, and the processing rate ranged from 6 to 14 frames per second. The network effectively produced output with 16 times greater resolution without introducing any blurring and obvious artifact.
Clinically meaningful change threshold in health‐related quality of life among patients aged 6 months to 5 years with atopic dermatitis and their caregiver(s)/family
Authors: Paller Amy S. , Marron Servando E. , Whalley Diane , Nelson Lauren , Qin Shanshan , Chao Jingdong , Bansal Ashish , Chuang Chien‐Chia , Wang Zhixiao
Published: October 2023

Background

Atopic dermatitis (AD) significantly impacts health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and their caregiver(s)/family. Measures to assess HRQoL include the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI), Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQoL) and Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) questionnaire. Currently, there are no established clinically meaningful within‐person change thresholds for these measures in young children (6 months to 5 years) and their caregiver(s)/family.

Objectives

To determine the clinically meaningful within‐person change thresholds for CDLQI (4–5 years), IDQoL (<4 years) and DFI scores in children aged 6 months to 5 years with moderate‐to‐severe AD and their caregiver(s)/family.

Methods

Data from the 16‐week, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase 3 LIBERTY AD PRESCHOOL part B study in children aged 6 months to 5 years were used. The anchor‐based method was used to assess meaningful change thresholds for the three instruments, using the Caregiver Global Impression of Disease (CGID; range: ‘no symptoms’ to ‘very severe’) as the primary anchor, and Caregiver Global Impression of Change (CGIC; range: ‘much better’ to ‘much worse’) as a supportive anchor.

Results

The mean CDLQI change scores were −6.3 and −9.5 based on CGID 1‐point improvement and CGIC improvement of ‘a little better’, respectively. The mean IDQoL change scores were −5.6 and −3.4 based on the CGID and CGIC anchors. The mean DFI change scores were −7.0 and −6.7 based on the CGID and CGIC anchors.

Conclusions

Based on primary anchor findings, improvements of ≥6 points on the CDLQI total score for children aged 4–5 years and on the IDQoL total score for children aged <4 years were recommended as the clinically meaningful within‐person change thresholds in children with moderate‐to‐severe AD. A 7‐point improvement on the DFI total score may be considered as the meaningful threshold for the caregiver(s)/family of children aged 6 months to 5 years with moderate‐to‐severe AD.
Harnessing the value of procurement knowledge and practices for firm performance: A resource orchestration perspective
Authors: Acquah Innocent Senyo Kwasi , Opoku Agyemang Faustina , Baah Charles , Afum Ebenezer , Agyabeng‐Mensah Yaw
Published: October 2023

Although the role of procurement knowledge and practices in securing a competitive advantage for firms cannot be over‐emphasised, the literature lacks empirical evidence in this regard. Accordingly, this study examines the effects of procurement knowledge and practices on firm performance as well as how procurement practices mediate the nexus between procurement knowledge and firm performance. Partial least squares structural equation modelling results based on survey data of 150 procurement and supply chain professionals suggest that procurement planning, supplier partnership, contract management and compliance increase firm performance. Also, a positive relationship was established between procurement knowledge and all procurement practices investigated. Furthermore, apart from procurement planning, the remaining procurement practices fully mediated the effect of procurement knowledge on firm performance. Findings provide relevant implications for theory and practice.
Panitumumab‐IRDye800 Improves Laryngeal Tumor Mapping During Transoral Laser Microsurgery
Authors: Bailey Luke , Stone Logan D. , Gonzalez Manuel. L. , Thomas Carissa M. , Jeyarajan Hari , Warram Jason M. , Panuganti Bharat
Published: October 2023

Transoral laser microsurgery represents the primary surgical modality for early laryngeal cancers with oncologic outcomes equivalent to radiotherapy. Accurate tumor mapping and margin assessment can be difficult, however, particularly during piecemeal or ablative resections, and for tumors with a wider geographic footprint. Tumor‐targeted fluorescence‐guided surgery in patients with head and neck cancer has empirically improved tumor and margin identification; this case details, for the first time, a fluorescence‐guided surgical resection of a T2N0M0 transglottic tumor using panitumumab‐IRDye800, an epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody covalently linked to near‐infrared (NIR) dye. Laryngoscope, 134:1837–1841, 2024
Gone with the stream: Functional connectivity of a cold‐water coral at basin scale
Authors: Matos Fábio L. , Aguzzi Jacopo , Company Joan B. , Cunha Marina R.
Published: October 2023

Lophelia pertusa reefs are vulnerable deep‐sea ecosystems and their ecological integrity partly depends on the connectivity and availability of suitable habitat. Moreover, connectivity is a guiding principle in marine conservation planning, particularly for spatial prioritization and for the design of networks of marine protected areas. We estimated the functional seascape connectivity of L. pertusa in the Mediterranean Sea and provide a framework for prioritizing habitat areas for the species conservation. These goals were achieved by simulating transport and potential dispersal of virtual larvae using biophysical modeling and assessing habitat availability based on the suitability and spatial arrangement of the seascape and inter‐annual climatological variability. Habitat availability was estimated using a network analysis and accounting for the attributes of habitat areas (i.e., size and quality). The connectivity among Mediterranean ecoregions was weak and an increase in the frequency of climate‐driven events (e.g., dense shelf water cascading) may worsen this scenario. However, the potential exchange of larvae between patches within the same ecoregion was high, favoring populations resilience to local disturbances. The analysis of habitat availability allowed identifying important habitat areas for the connectivity of the L. pertusa including the Gulf of Lion, the Apulian and Sicily Island continental margin. Some of the habitat areas identified as important for the connectivity of the L. pertusa are exposed to intense anthropogenic pressures, that may act synergistically with climate change imposing greater challenges to species conservation. These habitat areas may be prioritized in future management and conservation actions targeting L. pertusa.
The Use of High‐Temperature Semi‐Batch Radical Polymerization to Synthesize Acrylate Based Macromonomers and Structured Copolymers
Authors: Bygott Elizabeth G. , Hutchinson Robin A.
Published: October 2023

A high‐temperature starved‐feed semi‐batch operating policy is developed to produce p(acrylates) with high macromonomer content, taking advantage of side reactions inherent to acrylate radical polymerization. This operating strategy results in significantly higher macromonomer content for the polymerization of isobornyl acrylate (iBoA) versus n‐butyl acrylate (BA) under identical operating conditions. This is because steric hindrance favors fragmentation (i.e., terminal double bond (TDB) formation) over addition (i.e., short‐chain or long‐chain branch (LCB) formation), thus increasing the p(iBoA) TDB content and decreasing polymer dispersity. The p(iBoA) macromonomer solution serves as an excellent addition‐fragmentation agent to polymerize a second monomer in a single pot process controlled by sequential feeding, as demonstrates by the production of iBoA‐BA block and comb copolymer structures at different temperatures and macromonomer concentrations. The incorporation of the p(iBoA) macromonomer into a copolymer product is verified by various techniques, including polymer fractionation followed by TDB, composition, and molar mass analyses. Reaction temperature plays a key role in determining whether a blocky versus comb copolymer structure is produced. The ability to synthesize block and comb copolymers by radical polymerization without a mediating agent offers the potential to efficiently produce structured copolymers for industrial applications.
Advancements in Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Improved Waterproofing and Breathability
Authors: Liu Shude , Jun Seong Chan , Zhang Shichao , Wang Fei , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin
Published: October 2023

Electrospun nanofibrous membranes have attracted significant interest due to their captivating waterproof and breathable characteristics, stemming from the presence of interconnected and hydrophobic channels within these enhanced textiles. These distinctive traits bestow upon them substantial potential across various domains, encompassing applications in medical dressings, masks, and protective clothing. However, they also give rise to concerns about their durability, compromised waterproofing performance, limited breathability, insufficient mechanical strength, and high production costs. Furthermore, the manufacturing processes of electrospun waterproof and breathable membranes (WBMs) may carry adverse environmental implications, necessitating improvements in sustainability and ecological compatibility. This study begins with a concise overview of the operational principles and criteria for performance evaluation relevant to electrospun WBMs, providing comprehensive guidelines to drive future research. Following this, the authors delve into a thorough exploration of typical fabrication techniques and the prevailing strategies, exemplified by noteworthy ongoing research initiatives. Last, the existing challenges are outlined to foster the development of WBMs. In addition, future research directions and perspectives are presented to expedite the advancement of WBMs and support their commercial implementation. It is anticipated that this comprehensive review will offer pragmatic recommendations for researchers dedicated to the advancement of WBMs.
Does LinkedIn cause imposter syndrome? An empirical examination of well‐being and consumption‐related effects
Authors: Marder Ben , Javornik Ana , Qi Kang , Oliver Sebastian , Lavertu Laura , Cowan Kirsten
Published: October 2023

We attend to the unexamined intersection between professional social network site (SNS) usage and imposter syndrome. Specifically, we provide the first examination of: do such sites cause imposter thoughts (“others think I am more competent than I think I am”); if so, why and when this happens, and what effect this has on well‐being and consumption‐related results. Supported by objective self‐focused attention theory and two online experiments, we show that professional SNS usage heightens professional self‐focused attention, triggering imposter thoughts. This results in negative emotions and consumption‐related effects. We further examine two boundary conditions, showing that effects are reduced for individuals high in narcissism or work centrality. From these findings, we extend the sociocognitive theorization of the imposter phenomenon by uncovering, first, context‐specific self‐focused attention as the reason “why” people feel imposter‐ish in particular circumstances and second, consumption‐related consequences. We further contribute imposter thoughts as a new alternative explanation for negative emotions experienced whilst using professional SNSs.