bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBAIKAN CARA ANGKAT-ANGKUT MATERIAL BANGUNAN MENGURANGI AKTIVITAS LISTRIK OTOT ERECTOR SPINAE DAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL TUKANG BANGUNAN
Authors: Muliarta I Made
Published: July 2020

The development of the property sector bring consequency increasing number of skillfull labour who work in this sector. They work as a conventional management. One of the activity is lifting and carrying building material. Less ergonomic lifting and carrying due to  increasing  in the electrical activity of erector spinae muscle and musculoskeletal complaints among skillfull labours.The aim of the study was to determine that the improvement of lifting and carrying building material may reduce erector spinae muscle electrical activity and musculoskeletal complaints among skillfull labours. This study was using the experimental design extended by treatment by subject design. Samples were taken by purposive sampling, involving 11 males skillfull labour with a mean age of 38.5 ± 7.4 years. The results showed that the average electrical activity of erector spinae muscles in 1stPeriod 36.95 ± 3.85 % and in 1ndperiod 4.10 ± 1.10 % . Statistically, there was a decrease in the electrical activity of erector spinae muscles about 32.85 or 88.90 % with a 95 % CI 30.22 to 35.48 (p=0.000). The mean score of musculoskeletal complaints in 1stPeriod 50.36 ± 2.54 and in 2ndperiod 38.82 ± 4.36. Statistically, there was a decrease in musculoskeletal complaints score 11.54 or 22.92% with a 95 % CI 7.66 to 15.43 (p=0.000).From this research can be concluded that the improvement of lifting-carrying building material  reduce  erector spinae muscle electrical activity 88.90% and musculoskeletal complaints 22.92%  among skillfull labours
PERBAIKAN SIKAP KERJA DAN PENAMBAHAN PENERANGAN LOKAL PADA PROSES PEMBUBUTAN MENURUNKAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL, KELELAHAN MATA DAN MENINGKATKAN KETELITIAN HASIL KERJA MAHASISWA DI BENGKEL MEKANIK POLITEKNIK NEGERI BALI
Authors: Pujihadi Gede Oka , Adiatmika Putu Gede , Tirtayasa I Ketut
Published: July 2020

Practice of turning is done in a standing posture. During the process of turning benches are not provided for sitting. In turning Practice sometimes also requires bending forward working posture to look more carefully or repair existing equipment. Besides, the lack of site lighting on the lathe machine can reduce accuracy level of students in reading measurement scale. This leads to disorder on musculoskeletal system and eye strain; therefore it is necessary to apply ergonomics in terms of improvement in working posture and the addition of site lighting.The research was carried out experimentally using treatment by subject design; the study sample included 15 people. Subjects obtained the two treatments, period I the turning used the old way. Period II used a new way of ergonomic interventions in the form of improvement in working posture and the addition of site lighting.The analysis showed that there was significant difference (p <0.05) on the musculoskeletal disorder, the period I with a mean score of 81.41 +1.80 and atperiod II with a mean score of 65.74 +3.08 or decreased by 19.3 %. There was significant difference in eye strain period I with a score of 31.41 +1.78 and period II with a score of 16.89 +2.32 or decreased by 46.2% and there was significant difference in the accuracy of the work, period I with a bias score of 1.29 +0.45 cm and period II with a bias score of 0.56 +0.15 cm or increased accuracy of 56.9%.It is concluded that (a) the improvement of working posture and addition of site lighting in turning process can reduce musculoskeletal disorder of students in mechanical workshop of Bali State Polytechnics, (b) the improvement of working posture and addition of site lighting turning process can reduce eye strain of students in mechanical workshop of Bali State Polytechnic, (c) the improvement of working posture and addition of site lighting in turning process can improve the accuracy of the work of students in Bali State Polytechnic mechanical workshop.
UJIAN OSCE REGULER BERORIENTASI ERGONOMI MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PENGUJI DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AL-AZHAR MATARAM
Authors: ' Iing . , Sutjana Dewa Putu , Swamardika Ida Bagus Alit
Published: July 2020

Regular Objective Structured Clinical Examination  (OSCE) was a clinical skill  test in the Faculty of Medicine Islamic University Al-Azhar Mataram.  Examiner of OSCE in this study was a doctor who was also a lecturer trained in judging student’s clinical skills. The study aimed to know whetherergonomic-oriented regular OSCE by muscle stretching and drinking sweetened tea can improve the performance of examiners in the Faculty of Medicine Islamic University Al-Azhar Mataram. Performance improvement indicators used were decreased complaints of boredom, fatigue and musculoskeletal.Methods used in this study was experimental study with “treatment by subject design”. The study used as many as 18 sample given two treatment which was the first period without the ergonomic intervention involving stretching of the muscle and drinking sweetened tea and the second period was a group with ergonomic intervention. Boredom was measured by a boredom questionnaire.Fatigue, was measured from 30 items of fatigue questionnaire from Japan IFRC(Industrial Fatigue Research Committee).   Skeletal   muscle   complaints was predicted from  Nordic Body  Map  questionnaire.  Data  were  analyzed  bynormality test and t-paired test with significancy level of 5%.The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference(p<0,05) in average score boredom, fatigue and musculoskeletal complaints. The mean boredom score in the first period was 39,724 and in the second period was26,415 with reduction in average boredom score was 33.5 %. Fatigue mean scorein the first period  was 44,050 and the second period was 23,525 with reductionof fatigue score was  46,59 %. Mean musculoskeletal complaints score in the first period was 39,25 and the second period was 14,02 with reduction in mean musculoskeletal complaints score was 64,28 %. 19It can be concluded from this study that ergonomic  intervention by muscle stretching and drinking sweetened tea in the interrupted time of examination process improved the performance of OSCE examiner in terms of boredom, fatigue and musculosceletal complaints in the Faculty of Medicine of Islamic University Al-Azhar Mataram.
PENGGUNAAN DINNER PLATE YANG ANTROPOMETRIS PADA AMERICAN SERVICE MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PELAYANAN MAHASISWA PRAKTEK DI RESTORAN SEKOLAH TINGGI PARIWISATA NUSA DUA BALI
Authors: Budiani Ni Putu Ariesta , Adiputra Nyoman , Surata I Wayan
Published: July 2020

American-style service (American Service) priority to speed and accuracy amongwaitress while did the ministry. Therefore a waitress required to be able to carry a maximum of four plates at a time when doing service. The application of inappropriate tableware may associate with musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue, and affect the service performance in the restaurant. It is necessary for the application of ergonomic aspect especially appropriate equipment.This research was using an experimental study with the pre and post test control group design. This study involved fourth semester students, Restaurant Management Third Diploma of Nusa Dua Bali Tourism Institute as a subject as many as 36 people. The result showed significantly difference between control and treatment groups. In the treatment group  had  decreased  subjective  complaints  that include  musculoskeletal disorders about 38.7 % and general fatigue about 42.9 %. The length of presentation time decline 36.86%, while the quality of the presentation increased 65.01%. The decrease insubjective complaints occurred because the application of anthropometric dinner plate thatlighter 410 grams and has a shorter diameter 4.2 cm than previous plate. It is more convenient to carry even four at the time when presents to the guests. This is also showed an increase inservice performance. It can be concluded that the ergonomics  application  of using  appropriate anthropometric equipment in the American Service can improve the service performance among practice students in restaurant.
PENGGUNAAN REDESAIN BANTAL MENYUSUI MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI IBU MENYUSUI DAN KEPUASAN BAYI SERTA MENGURANGI KELELAHAN DAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL IBU POST PARTUM
Authors: Muliarthini Ni Wayan , Sutjana I Dewa Putu , Adiatmika I Putu Gede
Published: July 2020

Breastfeeding is a very important activity for both mother and baby. In the breastfeeding state the relationship between mother and baby will be tight and close. The old method and also duration of breastfeeding can cause fatigue, shoulder muscle tension, and soreness / stiffness in breastfeeding mothers. Problems due to absence of the use of pillow when mother breastfeed and mothers only depending on her limb to sustain baby when breastfeeding. In this case we need an ergonomic pillow to help mother feeding her baby. The purpose of this research is to investigate the use of redesigning nursing pillow can reduce fatigue, musculoskeletal complaints in breastfeeding mothers, to determine the use redesigning nursing pillow increase the motivation of mothers to breastfeed the baby as well as increase the satisfaction of nursing infants.This research held in as an experimental research draft of pre and post control group design. Samples that were included in this study was 22 people divided into two groups. The control group will breastfeeding using older model nursing pillow, while the another group will use the new redesign nursing pillow. Data analysis using t-test paried significance level of 5%.The result showed mother’s motivation after breastfeeding in both groups increased, the control group (18.27 ± 2.370) and the treatment group (15.45 ± 1.809). Baby satisfaction in the control group (11.09 ± 0.943), while the treatment group (12.27 ± 0.904). Exhausted mother’s in the control group (39.64 ± 2.803), while the treatment group (32.64 ± 1.504).Musculoskeletal disorders that mother’s felt in the control group (37.54 ± 1.694), while the treatment group (30.81 ± 2.136).Based on the study can be concluded that redesign breastfeeding pillow can giving impact to increase motivation and baby satisfaction and also decrease fatigue and musculoskeletal complain/disorder that mothers can feel. So hopefully by using this nursing pillow design maximizes mothers to breastfeed
TINGKAT BEBAN KERJA PERAJIN GAMELAN BALI
Authors: Juli Suarbawa I Ketut Gde , . Nyoman Adiputra , Sutjana I Dewa , . Ketut Tirtayasa
Published: July 2020

The production process of making gamelan in the village Tihingan, Klungkung, Bali, still using the traditional fireplace with open flames both to the melting process as well as on the process of formation so that crafters fairly heavy workload caused by exposure to radiation heat and dust. This research was conducted observational against 5 people workers (craftsman) gamelan nguwad process. The workload is measured by pulse craftsman work. Microclimate in the workplace were measured wet temperature, dry temperature, humidity, intensity of noise, and light intensity. Musculoskeletal disorderpredicted by questioner of Nordic Body Map and general fatigue  predicted  by  the questioner 30 items exhaustion with four Likert scale. The results of the research to get the pulse of gamelan craftsmen working on a furnace repairman 116.25 ± 3.78, the flop workers 115.42 ± 2.47, and 3.29 ± 126.47 of nguwad workers. The cardio vasculer load obtained 50.13 ± 3.42% so the recommended 75% work and 25% rest. Gamelan making production process also cause a variety of subjective disorders. It was concluded that (a) the level of workload on a craftsman gamelan is the artisan perapen and artisan-flops belonging to the workload being, the artisan nguwad workload is quite heavy, (b) based on the value of CVL, workload craftsman gamelan in Bali including the workload being, ( c) a significant increase in musculoskeletal disorder and general fatigue. To overcome this condition it is recommended that the working process of making gamelan remedied through the implementing appropriate technology and ergonomics intervention.
Pepper Auction Market Development Strategy in Sleman Regency
Authors: Anisah Siti Afni , Nugroho Agus Dwi , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu
Published: July 2020

The pepper auction market in Sleman Regency was formed in 2017. This market is becoming the main marketing line for all pepper traders in Sleman Regency because it is serving appropriate prices for the farmer. Some problems also appeared during the implementation of the pepper auction market. This study aimed to arrange an effective strategy in developing a pepper auction market in Sleman Regency. This study conducted from January to February 2020 involving 23 major traders who chosen by the census method and 6 stakeholders who chosen by purposive sampling technique. SWOT analysis was applied to arrange an effective strategy in developing the pepper auction market. The result showed that the most effective strategy used in developing the pepper auction market was the SO-Strategy, such as: improving product quantity and quality, improving the quality of services and creating good relationships with the assembly point management party and auction participants, and building an online product and price database system. The auction market management parties and some stakeholders are required to regularly monitor and assure the market system in conducting a market auction process appropriately. We also suggested to use modern technology devices to assure the auction transparency.
Factors that Affect the Income of Artisan Palm Sugar Maker in Candimulyo
Authors: Rasti Dyah , Setiadi Agus , Budiraharjo Kustopo
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to analyze the income and factors affecting the income of the artisan palm sugar maker in a Women Farmer Group (WFG) in Candimulyo District, Magelang Regency named Srikandi. This study done from November 17th to December 15th, 2019 in Srikandi WFG, Kebonrejo Village, Candimulyo District, Magelang Regency. This study was employing a census method with a total of 33 artisan palm sugar maker. The data collection done by interview, observation, and literature review technique. Data analyzed by the production cost, revenue and income, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results showed that mean sugar palm production, mean production cost, mean revenue, or mean income was 2.89 kg/production/day, IDR 34,225.91/production volume/day, IDR 49,068.18/production volume/day, and IDR 14,942.27/production volume/day. The multiple linear regression analysis equation was Y= 1009.844 + 979.915X1 – 17798.012X2 + 9330.432X3 – 0.704X4 + e. The factor of additional material, worker utilization, production, and fuel cost simultaneously affected the income. Partially, the worker utilization, production, and fuel cost affected the income, while the amount of the additional material didn’t affect the income partially.
The Dynamics of Horticultural Farmers Groups in Malang Regency and Batu City
Authors: Bakhtiar Ary , Pulung Sudibyo Rahmad , Indriani Indriani , Muhammad Shodiq Wahid
Published: July 2020

The development in the agricultural sector required an increase in human resource capacity. The special effort can be in the form of training and skills in processing agricultural products. The research aim was to analyze the factors that influence the dynamics of horticultural farmers groups, and assessed the level of group dynamics and the independence of horticultural farmer group members. The determination of the location of the research was performed by using a qualitative descriptive method, which was performed in two locations, which were Pujon Sub-district, Malang Regency and Batu City. The research was conducted from October to November 2019. The analysis used was descriptive analysis to describe the level of group dynamics in the two regions which were Pujon Sub-district Malang Regency and Batu City. The dynamics level of horticultural farmers in each region was categorized as low (? 20%), moderate (20.1% - 40%), normal (40.1% - 60%), high (60.1% - 80.00 %) and very high (? 80%). The results showed that the dynamics value of the horticultural group in Malang City was included in the high category, which was 77.18%. While the value of group dynamics in Malang Sub-district of Pujon was 77.08% and in Batu City was 77.27%, both regions were included in the high category.
The Development of Community-Based Ecotourism in Border Area of Sambas Regency
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Dolorosa Eva , Kurniati Dewi
Published: July 2020

Community-based ecotourism is a strategy done to develop an area through the improvement of the tourism sector by offering natural tourism sites that preserving the environment and involving the community skill in managing the tourism activities. This study aimed to identify the development of the community-based ecotourism in the border area of Sambas Regency. There were 30 key participants involved in this study. A questionnaire consisted of four main criteria (environmental, economy, social, and facility) employed in this study which then analyzed by the AHP technique. Statistical analysis showed that the economy criteria was having the highest weight with a total of 0.535, followed by the environmental, facility, and social criteria with a total of 0.287, 0.105, and 0.074 respectively. There were three alternatives of community-based ecotourism analyzed to improve the community income: beach, turtle, and mangrove ecotourism. The statistical analysis showed that beach ecotourism gained the highest score to be placed as an alternative priority (0.593).
الالتزام القانوني لمقدم خدمة الاتصال بالشبكة في عقود خدمات الاتصالات
Authors: Ahmed Mustafa Mohamed
Published: July 2020

إن التطور التكنولوجي الذي يسير بخطى واسعة نحو تقدم علمي، فتح الباب واسعاً للتحول نحو عصر الفضاء الرقمي، مما ساعد في ظهور سبل ووسائل جديدة للاتصالات لم تكن متاحة من قبل، كان لها بالغ الأثر في تداول ونقل إبداعات الفكر الانساني عبر أرجاء الكون المترامية الأطراف بلمح البصر، ليصل النتاج الانساني وإبداعاته الخلاقة إلى عدد لا حصر له من المستفدين، متجاوزاً بذلك أقاليم وعابراً لحدود لم يكن من الممكن تجاوزها.

كما أن لموجات الاتصال الدولي عبر شبكات الاتصال المختلفة قواعد تحكمها مستمدة من الانظمة والتشريعات الدولية والمحلية، فهي الوسط الناقل للبيانات والمعلومات التي يتم إرسالها واستقبالها بين متصل وآخر بشكل حر، وهذا الانتقال الحر قد يسبب جملة من الاشكالات القانونية التي لابد من وجود قواعد قانوينة تحكمه، بداية من العقود التي تؤسس لعملية الاتصال بين الاطراف المختلفة وتحديم المفاهيم القانونية المرتبطة بها وخصائصها، مروراً بتحديد ماهية هؤلاء الاطراف من الناحية القانونية، وأيضاً تعيين الطبيعة القانونية لتلك العقود وتحديد اركانها ووصولاً الى الالتزمات التي تنشأ عن ابرام مثل هذه العقود والتي انقسمت في بحثنا هذا الى التزامات تقع على عاتق مزود أو مورد خدمات الاتصال بالشبكة من ناحية والتي تناولها البحث مثل الالتزام بتقديم خدمة الاتصال بالشبكة للمشترك وضمان جودة الاتصال والالتزام بالمتابعة والصيانة، وكذلك التزام مورد الخدمة بالمحافظة على سرية المعلومات والبيانات.

ومن ناحية اخرى التزمات تقع على عاتق المشترك في خدمة الاتصال بالشبكة وهي الالتزام بدفع المقابل المالي للخدمة وتقديم البيانات الشخصية واحترام قواعد التشغيل لخدمة الاتصال ، وبرغم اتساع القواعد القانونية المنظمة لعقود الاتصال بالشبكة الا ان اننا اقتصرنا في بحثنا هذا على المفاهيم المرتبطة بعقد الاتصال بالشبكة، وبعض الالتزامات التي تخص طرفي العقد دون الخوض في الامور المتعلقة بالمسؤولية أو تحديد القانون الواجب التطبيق في حالة وجود عنصر اجنبي، وخلصنا الى عدد من النتائج المتعلقة بالقواعد القانونية المنظمة لمثل هذه العقود وقدمنا من خلالها عدد من التوصيات منها ما اقترح على المشرع العراقي أن ينظم عقد الاشتراك بخدمات الاتصالات بأحكام خاصة نظراً لشيوعه وانتشاره بشكل كبير بحيث أصبح لا يقل في أهميته عن أي من العقود المسماة التي نظمها المشرع حتى يعرف كل من طرفيه حقوقه والتزاماته، وكذلك النص صراحة في قانون الاتصالات والمعلوماتية، على وجوب مصادقة هيئة الاعلام والاتصالات على شروط عقد الاتصال بالشبكة التي تنفرد شركة الاتصالات بوضعها قبل عرض نموذج العقد على المشترك وذلك للحد من الشروط التعسفية والباطلة التي نراها بكثير في هذه العقود في الوقت الحاضر.
Evasão escolar na graduação em Musicoterapia da Universidade Estadual do Paraná
Authors: Nascimento Lázaro Castro Silva , Beggiato Sheila Maria Ogasavara
Published: July 2020

O ingresso no Ensino Superior é uma escolha multifatorial que envolve questões financeiras, sociais, familiares e pessoais. Comumente a todo o Ensino Superior, há uma taxa de evasão de discentes por questões diversas. Este estudo objetivou conhecer as motivações para a evasão na graduação em Musicoterapia na Universidade Estadual do Paraná, entre 2013 e 2018. Trata-se de estudo de metodologia mista, com dados de estatística descritiva e dados qualitativos. Após aprovação no comitê de ética em pesquisa, foi realizada coleta online com formulários estruturados. Participaram da pesquisa 22 respondentes. As motivações mais frequentes na decisão por abandonar ou trancar o curso referem-se a questões financeiras, a não identificação com a área da Musicoterapia e a dificuldade em desenvolver habilidades e competências musicais. Minimizar a taxa de evasão escolar na graduação em Musicoterapia amplia o número de Musicoterapeutas e fortalece socialmente a Musicoterapia como ciência e a profissão.
Start Small and Think Big to Rebuild the U.S.-Turkish Relationship
Authors: Coffey Luke
Published: July 2020

The U.S.-Turkey bilateral relationship has been key to the success of NATO and the transatlantic community. However, due to various policy disagreements U.S.-Turkey relations are at a new low. As with all relationships in life, the U.S.-Turkey relationship ebbs and flows and requires hard work, patience, and understanding. This is why policymakers from both sides should not be ready to throw away seven decades of close cooperation for seven or so challenging years in the bilateral relationship. Instead of looking for the silver bullet to solve the major problems, policymakers need to focus more on smaller confidence building measures to rebuild the relationship.
Calling for a Reset in Turkish-American Relations in the post-COVID International Order
Authors: Kibaroğlu Mustafa
Published: July 2020

Analysts emphasize that nothing will be the same after the pandemic and refer to the “new normal” that is likely to prevail everywhere in the world. It would be a legitimate question to ask if this would provide a conducive environment for Turkey and the United States to reset their relations that have much deteriorated lately. This article will, first, highlight the contours of the “new normal” narrative by referring to the views expressed by politicians, academics, analysts, journalists and intellectuals from around the world. Second, the article will assess the implications of the parameters of the “new normal” for key actors in world politics, such as the United States, China, the European Union and Russia, as well as Turkey’s Middle Eastern neighbors, with respect to the issues that will be at stake in the international security environment. Finally, the article will make a call for a reset in Turkish-American relations in order for the two long-standing allies to adapt themselves better to post-COVID international politics.
Identification of the Binding Interaction of Anti-tuberculous Drugs with Human Serum Albumin: A Computational Molecular Docking, Fluorescence and Absorption Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Vallie Sarfaraaz , Naidoo Sivapregasen
Published: July 2020

The accuracy in Anti-tuberculous drug assaying was supported by computational modeling using a 2 and 3-dimensional thermodynamic binding affinity prediction of each drug during multiple drug co-administration regimens. The United States Food and Drug Administration has highlighted the need for extensive research to improve the recovery during analytical drug method development, where the recovery affects the slope of the calibration curve. Here we focused on the drug-protein binding variation that affects the extrapolation of the patient sample drug concentration from the slope of the calibration curve. The binding constants calculated at a physiological temperature from the fluorescence spectroscopy data were as follows: Rifampicin 5.379 X 102 M-1 (moderate affinity), Isoniazid 9.285 M-1 (low affinity), 25-Desacetyl Rifampicin 3.156 M-1 (low affinity), Ethambutol 3.443 M-1 (low affinity) and Pyrazinamide 3.076 X 102 M-1 (moderate affinity). These drugs Gibbs free energy were below zero, indicating spontaneous binding reactions. Rifampicin a non-polar weak acid with a higher affinity indicating the most stable complex formation with albumin as opposed to soluble Isoniazid due to it being polar and an ionized form to be easily excreted in the urine resulting in low levels of detection. This will affect the bioavailability and accuracy of the assay levels for patients experiencing hyper and hypoalbuminemia with related competition and induction processes of the enzymes. These complications are apparent where larger numbers of patients are involved in clinical trials, bioequivalence and bioavailability studies with varying protein levels that may be more crucial for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index.
Protection Anticonvulsant effect of Irbesartan in Lidocaine
Induced Seizure in Mice
Authors: Tehewel Huda N. , Shihab Shihab A.
Published: July 2020

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common serious brain disorders and may have many possible causes due to many different cellulars or biochemical changes such as alterations in ion channels function, neurotransmitter level, neurotransmitter receptor function, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress. The chronic and intermittent nature of epilepsy and the inability of the current drugs to sustain long term remission made a continuous need to investigate a new drug that aims to minimize the morbidity and to improve the quality of patient life.
Aim of the study: To investigate protection anticonvulsant effects of irbesartan in lidocaine induced Seizures in male
mice.
Methods: A total of 40 albino male mice were equally divided into four groups. The blank group was given vehicles only. The model of seizure was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Lidocaine (75 mg/kg). Irbesartan group was pretreated intraperitoneally (20 mg/kg) for 7 days and lidocaine injection on the 8th day as an acute induction, and the same was applied to the diazepam group (2 mg/kg) which served as a positive control. On the 8th day, the level of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) and caspase-3 were measured. Furthermore, the body weights were daily documented before each administration.
Results: The results revealed a highly comparable significant reduction in NMDA-R and Caspase-3 in both irbesartan and diazepam groups, also both modestly decreased in potency and duration of the seizure.
Conclusion: Irbesartan significantly reduces NMDA-receptor and Caspase-3 in lidocaine induced seizure in mice model and decrease the potency and duration of the seizure.
An Application Study of a Zingiber officinale Extraction in the Biological and Medical Fields
Authors: Khudheyer Fadhel Y.
Published: July 2020

This study included a clarify of the biological and medical application of Zingiber officinale extraction, which regarded as an antibiotic against almost types of microorganisms, and as a medicine for treat of many deceases in the human body. Ginger is a spice and medicinal plant, and it is gained a very important role in agronomy production, pharmacy, and exportation because of its increased use as a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry and in everyday life. Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, species of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) has a long history of medicinal and biological uses for more than 2,000 years as one of the most versatile medicinal plants having a wide spectrum of biological activity and a common condiment for many various foods and beverages. Currently, there is a renewed interest in ginger, and several scientific investigations goal at isolation, identification of active constituents, scientific verification of its pharmacological actions for the treatment of deferent diseases and difficult conditions.
Bağımsız Denetim Kalitesinin Şirketlerin Finansal Performansı Üzerine Etkisi:Borsa İstanbul'da Bir Uygulama
Authors: KESEN Bilal , SALUR Mehmet Nuri
Published: July 2020

Bağımsız denetim, firmaların hazırlamış olduğu finansal tabloların firma dışı üçüncü kişiler tarafından denetlenmesi ve elde edilen sonuçların raporlanmasıdır. Bağımsız denetimin daha kaliteli olduğu piyasalarda sağlanacak güven ortamı, beraberinde yatırımcılar, kreditörler ve potansiyel ortaklar gibi farklı finansal tablo kullanıcılarının daha sağlıklı kararlar vererek sağlam adımlar atmasını sağlayacaktır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı bağımsız denetim kalitesinin firmaların finansal performansı üzerinde etkili olup olmadığının araştırılmasıdır. Araştırma kapsamında, BİST imalat sektöründe işlem gören 148 firmanın 2013-2018 yılları arası finansal tabloları incelenmiştir. Denetim kalitesini ölçmek için bağımsız değişken olarak, denetim firmasının dört büyük denetim firmalarından biri olup olmadığı ve denetim görüşü değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Finansal performans ölçütleri için ise bağımlı değişkenler olarak Aktif Karlılık Oranı (ROA), Özsermaye Karlılığı Oranı (ROE) ve TobinQ oranları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yöntemi ile EViews ve SPSS programları yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonrasında, denetim kalitesinin ROA, ROE ve TobinQ değişkenlerini farklı oranlarda etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Ag(I)/TiO2-Photocatalyzed N-Methylation of Amino Acids with Methanol
Authors: Morioka Yuna , Huang Ivven , Saito Susumu , Naka Hiroshi
Published: July 2020

Silver(I)-loaded titanium dioxide (AgNO3/TiO2) catalyzes the direct N-methylation of amino acids with methanol under irradiation with UV light. This method produces a variety of N-methyl and N,N-dimethyl amino acids with retention of their optical purity.
Principles for Self-Assembly of Cyanine Dyes into 2-Dimensional Excitonic Aggregates Across the Visible and Near-Infrared
Authors: Deshmukh Arundhati , Bailey Austin , Forte Leandra , Shen Xingyu , Geue Niklas , Sletten Ellen , Caram Justin
Published: July 2020

Cyanine dyes show a remarkable tendency to form non-covalent supramolecular aggregates with diverse morphologies (dimers, sheets, tubes and bundles). Specific molecular arrangements within these H- or J-aggregates dictate the extraordinary photophysical properties, including long-range exciton delocalization, extreme redshifts, and excitonic superradiance. Despite extensive literature on cyanine dye aggregates, design principles that drive the solution self-assembly to a preferred H- or J-aggregated state are unknown. We present a general approach to tune the thermodynamics of self-assembly, selectively stabilizing H- or J-aggregates and thereby achieving supramolecular control over aggregate photophysics. A simple interplay of solvent to non-solvent ratio, ionic strength or dye concentration yields a broad range of conditions that predictably and preferentially stabilize the monomer, H- or J-aggregate species that can be easily monitored using absorption spectroscopy. Diffusion ordered spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy together reveal a dynamic equilibrium between monomers, H-aggregated dimers, and extended J-aggregated 2-dimensional monolayers. This structural information informs a three-component equilibrium model that describes the observed concentration dependence of spectral signatures, showing excellent fit with experimental data and yields the Gibb’s free energies of self-assembly for dimerization and 2D aggregate assembly. We further demonstrate the universality of this approach among several sheet forming cyanine dyes including the benzothiazole and benzimidazole families with absorptions spanning visible, near and shortwave infrared wavelengths.
A Chemical Probe for Dark Kinase STK17B Derives its Potency and High Selectivity Through a Unique P-loop Conformation
Authors: Picado Alfredo , Chaikuad Apirat , Wells Carrow , Shrestha Safal , Zuercher William , Pickett Julie E. , Kwarcinski Frank , Sinha Parvathi , de Silva Chandi , Zutshi Reena , Liu Shubin , Kannan Natarajan , Knapp Stefan , Drewry David , Willson Tim
Published: July 2020

We present the discovery of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine SGC-STK17B-1 (11s), a high-quality chemical probe for this understudied “dark” kinase. 11s is an ATP-competitive inhibitor that showed remarkable selectivity over other kinases including the closely related STK17A. X-ray crystallography of 11s and related thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines bound to STK17B revealed a unique P-loop conformation characterized by a salt bridge between R41 and the carboxylic acid of the inhibitor.
Thioether-Linked Azobenzene-Based Liquid Crystal Dimers Exhibiting the Twist-Bend Nematic Phase over a Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Arakawa Yuki , Komatsu Kenta , Ishida Yuko , Tsuji Hideto
Published: July 2020

Two homologous series of sulfur-containing thioether-linked 4-cyanoazobenzene-based liquid crystal (LC) dimers were developed: a symmetric series based on 4-cyanoazobenzene arms [(CN)AzoSnSAzo(CN)] and a non-symmetric series based on 4-cyanoazobenzene and 4-cyanobiphenyl arms [(CN)AzoSnSCB]. They contained different flexible oligomethylene spacers (CnH2n) consisting of odd numbers of carbon atoms (n = 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11). The symmetric (CN)AzoSnSAzo(CN) dimers with n = 5, 7, 9, and 11 showed an elusive monotropic twist–bend nematic (NTB) phase, while all the non-symmetric (CN)AzoSnSCB dimers exhibited the NTB phase. Notably, the NTB phase observed for non-symmetric (CN)AzoS7SCB could be supercooled to room temperature, leading to a glassy NTB phase. (CN)AzoS9SCB showed a similar tendency accompanied by partial crystallization. These are the first reported examples of azobenzene-based LC dimers exhibiting a broad temperature range of NTB phases supercooled to room temperature. Such prominent stability of the NTB phase is due to the supercooling effect assisted by the synergy of molecular bend arising from thioether linkages and non-symmetric mesogenic arms. The phase-transition temperatures were overall higher for symmetric (CN)AzoSnSAzo(CN) than for non-symmetric (CN)AzoSnSCB. It is assumed that the difference in the mesogenic arm structures hardly influenced their molecular geometry or anisotropy in terms of entropy changes.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERUBAHAN ELEMEN FISIK PERMUKIMAN KAWASAN KERATON KANOMAN PADA 1695-2019
Authors: Wiratama ; Franseno Pujianto Gani
Published: July 2020

Abstrak - Cirebon merupakan salah satu kota yang telah berdiri sejak lama di Nusantara. Kota Cirebon telah ada sebelum Belanda datang. Kota yang ada sejak lama ini mengalami proses perubahan lebih panjang dari kota-kota lain yang relatif lebih baru. Cirebon pada awal pertumbuhannya, merupakan kota yang berpusat pada Kerajaan dan termasuk dalam kota kosmis menurut S. Kostof (1991). Permukiman di Kota Cirebon awalnya berorientasi pada Keraton-Keraton Cirebon salah satunya adalah Keraton Kanoman . Permukiman sekitar Keraton Kanoman awalnya merupakan permukiman yang mengeilingi dan berpusat kepada Keraton Kanoman (E.P.Hendro,2014). Permukiman ini mengalami pertumbuhan dan perubahan hingga menjadi bentuk seperti sekarang.Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertumbuhan dan perkembangan (morfologi) sebuah permukiman serta elemen permukiman apa saja yang hilang atau dipertahankan oleh warga sekitar dan Keraton Kanoman. Elemen permukiman yang dilihat perubahannya adalah jalan, nodes, kelompok bangunan (district), landmark, dan edge.Untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan perubahan perlu membandingkan elemen-elemen fisik itu berdasarkan peta terlama yang dapat ditemukan yaitu peta tahun 1695 hingga peta tahun 2019. Selain dengan data arsip, data lain bersumber dari observasi langsung ke permukiman kawassan Keraton Kanoman, wawancara dengan sesepuh maupun keluarga Keraton Kanoman, Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa massa perumahan bertumbuh secara pesat dan masih mempertahankan Keraton Kanoman dan Alun-Alun sebagai landmark kawasan yang memiliki nilai historis dan religius simbolis.
ATMOSFER RUANG DI STUDIO AIR PUTIH @BATUBATA, TANGERANG
Authors: Rionaldi ; Yenny Gunawan Rionaldi
Published: July 2020

Abstrak - Suasana atmosfer ruang yang berbeda antara ruang luar yang dinamis dan beragam, secara gradual menjadi singular dan statis ditemukan pada @Batubata. Hal ini berbeda dengan ruang arsitektur yang hanya dipahami sebagai sebuah hegemoni occulocentrism, yang berfokus hanya pada kajian visual.Studi dilakukan untuk memahami pembentukan atmosfer ruang, dengan memahami elemen fisik-spasial-material yang membentuknya dan sensasi periferal yang tidak sadar, dialami subjek penggunanya. Atmosfer ruang bersifat abstrak dan intangible yang suasananya bisa dirasakan melalui medium ruang pada lingkungan binaan yang sifatnya perlahan (slowness) dan mendorong kesendirian (secluded).  Pembelajaran dilakukan melalui dua tahap studi. Tahap pertama untuk memaparkan elemen fisik-spasial-material melalui pembahasan layering dan transparansi, dimensi dan proporsi, density dan emptiness, serta material berdasarkan teori desain spasial Bert Bielefelt. Tahap kedua dilakukan pemaparan sensasi periferal yang dirasakan pengamat saat mengalami ruang- ruang di @Batubata. Sensasi periferal dirasakan simultan menggugah emosi dan imajinasi penggunanya. Pemaparan dilakukan berdasarkan teori yang disampaikan oleh Juhanni Pallasmaa. Pembentukan atmosfer ruang dipahami berdasarkan hasil kesimpulan pada kedua tahap ini.Studi ini merupakan studi terhadap fenomena yang terjadi di dalam ruang arsitektur. Metoda yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, data diperoleh dari studi literatur, pengamatan lapangan, wawancara dengan arsitek perencana dan kuisioner kepada subjek pengguna. Penelitian dilakukan dengan meninjau elemen fisik spasial dan material melalui observasi awal, yang diperkaya dengan wawancara dan kuisioner terbuka kepada pengguna ruang.Dari hasil analisis tahap 1 didapat kesimpulan karakter ruang yang secluded, statis dan rapat. Pada analisis tahap 2, dihasilkan pengalaman ruang yang sunyi dan tenang.Dari kedua tahap tersebut, bisa disimpulkan bahwa @Batubata mampu memberikan kesempatan bagi pengunjung untuk merasakan kesendirian (solitude) dan keperlahanan (slowness) untuk mengalami atmosfer melalui sensasi periferal mereka. Perasaan dan suasana hati subjek pengguna selalu memengaruhi pembentukan atmosfer ruang yang bersifat abstrak.
KOMPARASI BENTUK DAN TEKTONIKA CANDI HINDU ERA KLASIK TUA DI JAWA DENGAN KUIL HINDU ERA PALLAVA DI INDIA SELATAN
Authors: Rodriques ; Rahadhian P. Herwindo Laurentius Nicholas
Published: July 2020

Abstrak- Candi Hindu di Jawa dan Kuil Hindu di India Selatan, kerap mendapat perhatian di dunia arsitektur dikarenakan adanya kemiripan langgam Dravida pada arsitektur bangunan kuil di kedua belah tempat. Kemiripan yang ditandai dengan bentuk atap piramidal berlapis ini tidak bisa dibilang mirip begitu saja tanpa melihat seluruh elemennya terlebih dahulu. Penulis mencoba menyederhanakan perbandingan bentuk dan tektonika dilihat dari pembagian umum tektonika sebuah bangunan yakni kaki, badan dan kepala. Dari hasil temuan penulis, bisa disimpulkan bahwa terdapat kesamaan pada ‘ide dasar’ atau ‘citra awal’ bangunan kuil Hindu di kedua tempat. Namun, setelah ditinjau secara seksama bentuk serta tektonika di kedua tempat mempunyai ciri khas masing-masing yang tidak saling berkaitan.Penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan yang unik antar arsitektur Candi Hindu Jawa dengan India Selatan dimana relasi yang terjadi tidak bisa dibilang salah satu pihak memengaruhi pihak lain atau sebaliknya. Temuan dari penelitian ini justru menunjukkan ciri khas yang kental dari masing-masing tempat. Faktor yang membedakan bisa dikarenakan adanya perbedaan alam, preferensi, budaya ataupun teknologi pada dua lokasi itu di zaman tersebut. Walaupun Hindu adalah agama yang berasal dari India, nampaknya dari segi arsitekturnya tidak bisa dikatan Jawa memimik arsitektur Hindu India. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa arsitektur Kuil Hindu memiliki benang merah yang mengikat pada prinsip dasarnya, namun hasil dari pengolahan desain akan berbeda tergantung konteks dan perancangnya.
Tecendo narrativas
Authors: Tranquilin-Silva Josefina De Fátima , De Mattos Georgia
Published: July 2020

Danilo, criador de Lorelay Fox – drag queen, youtuber e artivista LGBTIQ – torna-se ouvinte de uma receptora da telenovela “A força do querer”, a qual constrói sua narrativa a partir da transexualidade da personagem Ivana/ Ivan. Após a escuta, Lorelay apresenta em seu canal, no YouTube, o vídeo “Meu relato sobre a novela ‘A força do querer’” e este conteúdo leva às narrativas das juventudes, suas interlocutoras. Este artigo propõe refletir sobre essa tessitura de narrativas, que tem como foco a transexualidade da personagem Ivana/Ivan Objetiva analisar como esta personagem foi produzida na telenovela, a partir das relações de gênero imbricadas na experiência transexual, e investigar as mediações presentes nas narrativas nesse processo comunicativo: telenovela, receptora, ouvinte Danilo, produtora de conteúdos digitais, Lorelay Fox e seus interlocutores. Concluímos que o cotidiano compartilhado nessas múltiplas narrativas dá visibilidades às identidades individuais e coletivas, assim como, (re)constrói subjetividades e, dessa forma, as experiências trans podem ser um pouco mais autorizadas, em um modo de existir midiatizado.
Ciberactivismo y responsabilidad mediatica: derocho a la comunicación del grupo de facebook “movimiento para la preservación de tve/fm cultura”
Authors: Lovato Dellazzana Ângela , Coiro Moraes Ana Luiza
Published: July 2020

La extinción de la Fundação Piratini (una fundación pública compuesta por una red de televisión pública, TVE y un servicio de radio público, FM Cultura), en Porto Alegre, Brasil, aprobada por el Consejo Legislativo del Estado, socava el derecho a la comunicación de las persona del Estado de Rio Grande del Sur. Esta extinción, que fue parte del paquete de “Reducción del Estado” del gobernador Ivo Sartori (PMDB), obligó a personas de diversos sectores de la sociedad a crear acciones de control sobre el gobierno y el poder legislativo. En este artículo, discutimos el ciberactivismo promovido por el grupo de Facebook “Movimiento para la Preservación de TVE / FM Cultura”, creado el 29 de enero de 2015. Nuestra hipótesis de investigación es que a través del ciberactivismo este grupo promueve la rendición de cuentas mediante la divulgación de información que no está siendo transmitida o debatida por los medios privados o las emisoras públicas, que han sido derribados por administradores designados por el mismo gobierno que propuso su extinción.
Estudio del caso Cassez en la prensa mexicana a través del framing
Authors: Tiscareño-García Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

El estudio del encuadre en la información periodística del caso de Florence Cassez se realizó a través del “modelo en activación en cascada” de Entman (2003). En tres periódicos nacionales mexicanos: La Jornada, Reforma y El Universal se recopilaron textos informativos que forman parte del análisis en cuatro periodos en los que se dividió el trabajo, que comprenden los siete años que Cassez permaneció en la cárcel. En esas etapas señaladas se estudió: cómo se posicionaron los actores que estuvieron relacionados con el tema y cuál fue su desplazamiento, para con ello poder visualizar la forma de cómo hace sentido el modelo de Entman y la manera en que los medios de comunicación abordaron el caso Cassez.
Retratos del trabajo campesino: el cuerpo y el paisaje
Authors: Rico Tyanif
Published: July 2020

Ser el paisaje y hacer territorio desde el trabajo cotidiano en las fincas. Esa es mi lectura de la forma en como los campesinos del norte de Nariño viven. Es mi respuesta para entender por qué allí los campesinos sueñan con vivir asegurando la posibilidad de que sus hijos y nietos también puedan y quieran quedarse para hacer una vida en el campo; sueñan con producir de manera que el suelo no se canse y de forma que las personas, además de ellos, tengan la posibilidad de comer limpio, sano y justo; sueñan con que sus plantas de café les den para la educación de sus hijos y para mantener las otras plantas que tienen en lafinca; sueñan con tener propiedad sobre el suelo que han pisado desde sus ancestros; sueñan que desde afuera les sea reconocido ese derecho y además les sea garantizado que nada los va a sacar de allí, ni la minería, ni le hambre, ni el monocultivo. Porque los campesinos del norte no solo aman profundamente el lugar donde habitan, sino que son parte de él.
Ultrasound detection of cerebral microembolism in carotid stenoses: progress and perspective (A review of the literature)
Authors: Globa M.V.
Published: July 2020

The review summarizes available information regarding the method of Transcranial doppler sonography (TCD) usage to record microembolism in patients with carotid artery stenosis, search for information was carried out in literature 1997–2020 (PUBMED, MEDLINE).History overview of TCD with embolodetection implementation is presented, as well as ways of its technical and methodological improvement. Evidence-based studies of the method clinical relevance in atherosclerotic carotid stenoses and their surgical treatment are outlined. Observation results of the intraoperative cerebral embolization during carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting are presented along with comparison of TCD-embolodetection data, neuroimaging and clinical outcomes. Individual centres and multicenter study ACES data on prognostic value of registration of embolic signals in asymptomatic carotid stenosis, risk assessment of vascular events in diffe-rent groups of patients and in varying degrees of stenosis of the vessel lumen was analyzed. The role of embolodetection in predicting repeated cerebrovascular disorders in symptomatic carotid stenosis and its importance for monitoring antiplatelet therapy is set out (multicenter study CARESS). The evidence of the reliability of TCD embolodetection as tool for verificarion of at-risk patients with carotid stenosis who may benefit ftom surgical treatment is presented.Recent advances in ultrasound and other imaging techniques for assessing unstable plague are outlined along with prospects for the use of TCD monitoting for cerebrovascular disorders forecasting.
Experience of WEB embolization device implantation for treatment of intracranial arterial aneurisms
Authors: Shchehlov D.V. , Pastushyn O.A. , Svyrydiuk O.E.
Published: July 2020

For the first time in Ukraine, Woven EndoBridge (WEB) (Microvention – Terumo) for the treatment of intracranial arterial aneurysms was applied at Scientific and Practical Centre of Endovascular Neuroradiology of NAMS of Ukraine on November 29, 2018. To the end of 2019 4 patients were treated with WEB. In all patients aneurysms were accidental findings, diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging, and confirmed by angio-graphy. Men were 2 (50 %), women – 2 (50 %). The average age of patients was 49 years. All aneurysms were complex for endovascular treatment. In 3 (75 %) cases, the aneurysm was located on the anterior cerebral/anterior connective arteries, in 1 (25 %) case – on the middle cerebral artery. All patients received double disaggregated therapy at the standard dosage (75 mg of clopidogrel and 75 mg of acetylsalicylic acid) during 5 days before surgery in case of an additional intracranial stent implantation. The efficacy of dual disaggregation therapy was monitored by light transmission agrigometry. The size of the WEB depended on the angioarchitectonics of the aneurysm. All surgeries were performed in a routine manner, under general anesthesia. In all cases, the WEB was implanted successfully, there were no intra- and postoperative complications. The next day after surgery, double disaggregation therapy was canceled. All patients were discharged from the hospital in satisfactory condition, under the supervision of a neurologist at the place of residence. A control examination in the form of angiography after 6 months passed all patients. The efficacy of aneurysm occlusion using the WEB embolization device was evaluated on the WEB occlusion scale. Grade 0 and 0’ were achieved in 2 (50 %) patients, Grade 1 – 1 (25 %), Grade 2 – 1 (25 %).
Enriching Bibliographic Data to Improve the Measurement of International Research Collaboration
Authors: Nguyen Ba , Dinneen Jesse , Luczak-Roesch Markus
Published: July 2020

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