bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predisposing, Enabling and Reinforcing Factors of the Utilization of VCT by Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)
Authors: Fatmala Risanita Diah
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTMSM have a higher risk of HIV infection due to their multiple sexual partner behaviour and the anal intercourse practices. The incidence of HIV and AIDS by MSM is increasing compared to the years before. VCT is one of the effective strategies of HIV and AIDS prevention and treatment. Whereas the access to VCT services by MSM is still considered as low by the reason of the stigma and stereotypes against MSM and HIV and AIDS itself. The study is intended to explore the factors related to the MSM willingness to conduct VCT. This study used a qualitative method. We identified 9 key informants through snowball sampling method at IGAMA Malang. Data was collected by in-depth interview, analyzing descriptively, and presenting in a narrative. The results show that most of the informants has an adequate of knowledge concerning the VCT, HIV and AIDS. However, access to VCT services is still constrained by the schedule since most of the services are in the work days. The impetus for accessing VCT derived largely from community friends. With respect to the societal stigma and discrimination towards homosexuals, we did not recognize personal stigmatizing attitude and discriminatory behaviors by health workers. It makes them feel convenient because they are familiar to the health workers. The conclusion was that factors associated with the utilization of VCT service by MSM includes knowledge, perception, information, availability of the services, peer supports, and the attitudes or behavior of health workers. We suggested that VCT services would be better if could be performed also in the weekends.Keywords: HIV and AIDS, Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), VCT utilization
Linking Information System Capabilities with Firm Performance
Authors: Aydiner Arafat Salih
Published: February 2017

Information systems and technologies have an influence on every aspect of companies’ firm performance. Extensive studies have been conducted to determine the relationships between information system (IS) capabilities and firm performance. This study investigates and explores an extensive literature review to discover inconsistencies among past studies. The role of the resource-based view (RBV) is also examined on the subject. Assessing the relationship between these two concepts will shed highlight new research perspectives. The review will find out whether or not additional empirical investigation is necessary to gain a clearer understanding of IS capabilities and firm performance.
Shape and Geometric Features-based Semantic Image Retrieval Using Multi-class Support Vector Machine
Authors: Malki Zohair
Published: February 2017

In this paper, a new approach to retrieve semantic images based on shape and geometric features of image in conjunction with multi-class support vector machine is proposed. Zernike moment as shape feature is to verify the invariance of objects for silhouette image. In addition, a set of geometrical features is to explore the objects shape using two features of rectangularity and circularity. Then the extracted features are normalized and employed for multi-class support vector machine either for learning or retrieving processes. The retrieving process relies on three main tasks which namely Query Engine, Matching Module and Ontology Manger, respectively. Query Engine is to build the input text or image query using SPARQL language. The matching module extracts the shape and geometric features of image’s objects and employ them to Ontology Manger which in turn inserts them in ontology knowledge base. Benchmark mammals have been conducted to empirically conclude the outcome of proposed approach. Our experiment on text and image retrieval yields efficient results to problematic phenomena than previously reported.
Biomarcadores de pronóstico modificables nutricionalmente en el paciente con cáncer colorrectal tras el diagnóstico de la enfermedad
Authors: Escudero Paniagua Beatriz , Aguilar-Martínez Alicia , Keenoy Begoña Manuel
Published: February 2017

Introducción: el cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es el segundo cáncer más frecuente en el mundo occidental, de tal manera que se diagnostican cerca de 1 millón de casos nuevos por año. La tasa de supervivencia de pacientes con CCR varía ampliamente, aun entre pacientes con el mismo tumor histológico. Esto posiblemente es debido al impacto de los factores ambientales sobre el desarrollo tumoral. Dentro de estos factores, destaca la dieta. Se conoce que la nutrición puede modificar el riesgo de padecer CCR. Sin embargo, no se conoce con precisión el papel que desempeña la nutrición en el riesgo de recurrencia o supervivencia en pacientes con CCR. Objetivo: el objetivo de esta revisión fue tratar de esclarecer el papel que desempeña la nutrición en el riesgo de recurrencia o supervivencia en pacientes con CCR. Material y métodos: recopilación de los datos obtenidos hasta el momento en los estudios epidemiológicos más recientes, de la asociación entre recurrencia, supervivencia o riesgo de mortalidad al CCR; y las vitaminas y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), con el fin de elaborar una serie de consejos nutricionales a estos pacientes. Conclusiones: gracias a los estudios comentados se puede concluir que el IMC y el nivel de vitamina D, retinol y en algunos casos el del ácido fólico, en el momento del diagnóstico de la enfermedad, funcionan como marcadores de pronóstico de recurrencia y supervivencia al CCR.
Obesidad y riesgo de infarto de miocardio en una muestra de varones europeos. El índice cintura-cadera sesga el riesgo real de la obesidad abdominal
Authors: Martín Castellanos Ángel , Cabañas Armesilla María Dolores , Barca Durán Francisco Javier , Martín Castellanos Pedro , Gómez Barrado José Javier
Published: February 2017

Introducción: la obesidad es un factor de riesgo asociado al infarto de miocardio aunque el índice cintura-cadera ha mostrado mayor poder predictivo.Objetivo: análisis antropométrico Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) en infartados para identificar la fuerza discriminatoria de mediciones, obesidad, ratios cintura-cadera, ratios cintura-talla e índice de conicidad.Métodos: estudio caso-control de infarto miocárdico en varones europeos. Ciento doce casos/112 controles de 30-74 años fueron reclutados. Se midieron: peso, talla, cintura, cintura umbilical y cadera. Se obtuvieron las áreas bajo la curva (ABC), las odds ratioy correlaciones de medidas e indicadores.Resultados: IMC [ABC: 0,686 (0,616-0,755); OR: 3,3], cintura [ABC: 0,734 (0,668-0,800); OR: 5,7], talla [ABC: 0,623 (0,550-0,696); OR: 2,3], cadera [ABC: 0,555 (0,479-0,631); OR: 1], cintura-cadera [ABC: 0,796 (0,737-0,855); OR: 9,9]; cintura umbilical-cadera [ABC:0,830 (0,775-0,885); OR: 5,5], cintura umbilical-talla [ABC: 0,788 (0,729-0,847); OR: 7,5]; conicidad [ABC: 0,795 (0,738-0,853); OR:9]. Cintura-talla y conicidad presentaron altas correlaciones de riesgo (todas r ≥ 0,85; p < 0,001).Conclusiones: cintura y talla son medidas con riesgo independiente asociado. La circunferencia de cadera no es discriminatoria. Obesidad e índices de cintura están asociados al infarto con diferente fuerza. La obesidad presenta una asociación débil. Los índices cintura-cadera presentan las mejores curvas ROC, pero sesgadas en su poder predictivo de riesgo. Cintura umbilical-talla y conicidad presentan alto poder discriminatorio y mejores correlaciones antropométricas de riesgo, por lo que se recomienda su uso en la identificación de la obesidad como factor asociado al infarto de miocardio y en todas las estrategias de promoción de la salud coronaria.
Prevalencia de las declaraciones nutricionales en la prevención de la obesidad en el mercado español
Authors: Lopéz-Galán Belinda , De Magistris Tiziana
Published: February 2017

Introducción: a pesar de que estudios anteriores han proporcionado información relevante respecto al avance en la aplicación del Reglamento (CE) n.o 1924/2006 de la Unión Europea, hasta ahora no se ha determinado la prevalencia de las declaraciones nutricionales relevantes en la prevención de la obesidad en el mercado español.Objetivo: determinar la presencia de las declaraciones nutricionales relevantes en la prevención de la obesidad en el mercado español.Materiales y métodos: se realizó un registro de productos alimenticios comercializados en 3 cadenas de distribución alimentaria que concentran el 40% del mercado. Se registró información nutricional de 9 categorías de productos representativos en la cesta de la compra de las familias españolas. Las declaraciones nutricionales analizadas hacen mención de los nutrientes que pueden contribuir o no al exceso de peso.Resultados: se examinó un total de 4.568 productos y se encontraron un total de 900 declaraciones nutricionales en el 20% de los productos analizados. Los nutrientes referidos en las declaraciones nutricionales encontrados con mayor frecuencia en las 9 categorías de productos fueron las grasas (42%), los azúcares (32%), la fibra alimentaria (20%) y la sal (6%). Conclusiones: al igual que en otros estudios realizados en España, nuestro estudio mostró una baja proporción de declaraciones nutricionales. Por lo tanto, para que estas cumplan su función informativa tanto la industria como la distribución alimentaria deben seguir trabajando por incluir más declaraciones en los alimentos que ofrecen. De esta manera facilitarán a los consumidores una mejor toma de decisiones alimentarias.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY RATIO PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2010 - 2014
Authors: Notoadmojo Iqbal , Rahmawaty Anita
Published: February 2017

This study aimed to analyze the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), Financing Deposit Ratio (FDR), Operating Expenses Operating Income (BOPO) on Financial Sustainability Ratio (FSR) of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. The objects were Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia registered in Bank Indonesia / OJK period 2010 Q2 – 2014 Q4. In analyzing data, it used panel data regression analysis with the estimation model Fixed Effect, classic assumption test, and hypothesis testing used Eviews 8.0 program. Results of t test showed that the positive effect of CAR was not significant, NPF has significant negative effect, ROE has not significant negative effect, ROA has significant positive effect, FDR has not significant positive effect, and BOPO has significant negative effect. While the results of F test indicate that all independent variables significantly influence the dependent variable with adjusted R2 of 0.9646.
Delta‐Flux: An Eddy Covariance Network for a Climate‐Smart Lower Mississippi Basin
Authors: Runkle Benjamin R. K. , Rigby James R. , Reba Michele L. , Anapalli Saseendran S. , Bhattacharjee Joydeep , Krauss Ken W. , Liang Lu , Locke Martin A. , Novick Kimberly A. , Sui Ruixiu , Suvočarev Kosana , White Paul M.
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

The Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB) is agriculturally important and ecologically unique.

The Delta‐Flux network will coordinate the activities of 17 eddy covariance towers.

The network addresses the need for scaled C and water cycle observations.

The network aims to promote sustainable, climate‐smart land management.

Delta‐Flux is open to collaborators from strategic sites and relevant disciplines.

Networks of remotely monitored research sites are increasingly the tool used to study regional agricultural impacts on carbon and water fluxes. However, key national networks such as the National Ecological Observatory Network and AmeriFlux lack contributions from the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB), a highly productive agricultural area with opportunities for soil carbon sequestration through conservation practices. The authors describe the rationale to create the new Delta‐Flux network, which will coordinate efforts to quantify carbon and water budgets at seventeen eddy covariance flux tower sites in the LMRB. The network structure will facilitate climate‐smart management strategies based on production‐scale and continuous measurements of carbon and water fluxes from the landscape to the atmosphere under different soil and water management conditions. The seventeen instrumented field sites are expected to monitor fluxes within the most characteristic landscapes of the target area: row‐crop fields, pasture, grasslands, forests, and marshes. The network participants are committed to open collaboration and efficient regionalization of site‐level findings to support sustainable agricultural and forestry management and conservation of natural resources.
Ruminant Urine Increases Uptake but Decreases Relative Recovery of Nitrogen by Smooth Bromegrass
Authors: Snell Laura K. , Guretzky John A. , Jin Virginia L. , Drijber Rhae A. , Mamo Martha
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

Forage mass and crude protein increase with N fertilizer rates up to 160 lb/acre in smooth bromegrass pastures.

Smooth bromegrass responds even more so to urine from livestock grazing.

Managers should encourage even grazing distribution across time to minimize nutrient losses from pastures.

Understanding pasture responses to urine deposition remains limited. From 2011 to 2012, we investigated the effects of urine collected from ruminants and applied to N‐fertilized (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 lb N/acre) plots (25 sq ft) of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) in eastern Nebraska. Urine was spread evenly across plots at both a volume (0.6 qt/sq ft) and N content (0.26 and 0.24 oz/qt) that simulated ruminant urine deposition in spring and resulted in an additional supply of 425 and 392 lb N/acre in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Control plots received the same volume of distilled water but no additional N. Response variables included forage mass, crude protein (CP) concentration, N uptake, apparent N recovery (ANR), and N use efficiency (NUE). In 2011, forage mass, CP, and N uptake increased linearly with N fertilizer rate and were 80, 30, and 135%, respectively, greater in urine‐treated than in distilled water–treated plots. In 2012, drought limited forage mass, and only urine impacted N responses. Apparent N recovery averaged 42% in urine‐treated and 63% in distilled water–treated plots in 2011 but did not differ between treatments in 2012, averaging 24%. Values for NUE did not differ among treatments and averaged 13.0 lb dry matter (DM)/lb N fertilizer applied in 2011 and 6.5 lb DM/lb N fertilizer applied in 2012. In years with favorable precipitation, producers can expect forage mass and CP to increase with fertilizer applications up to 160 lb N/acre. Optimum rates, though, would depend on production goals, nutritional needs of livestock, and fertilizer, land, and cattle prices.
Management Options for Contaminated Urban Soils to Reduce Public Exposure and Maintain Soil Health
Authors: Obrycki John F. , Basta Nicholas T. , Culman Steven W.
Published: February 2017

Soil management in urban areas faces dual challenges of reducing public exposure to soil contaminants, such as lead (Pb) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and maintaining soil function. This study evaluated three management options for an urban lot in Cleveland, OH, containing 185 to 5197 mg Pb kg−1 and 0.28 to 5.50 mg benzo(a)pyrene kg−1. Treatment options included: (i) cap the site with a soil blend containing compost and beneficially reused dredged sediments, (ii) mix compost with the soil, and (iii) mix compost and sediments with the soil. The soil blend cap reduced surface soil Pb to 12.4 mg Pb kg−1 and benzo(a)pyrene content to 0.99 ± 0.41 mg kg−1. Aggregate stability for 2‐ to 0.25‐mm aggregates in the soil blend cap was 13% compared with the 38% aggregate stability in the urban soil. Mixing compost with the soil reduced benzo(a)pyrene content, but sample variability indicated that elevated spots likely remained exposed at the surface. Compost addition diluted soil Pb and increased aggregate stability to 60%. Mixing compost and sediments with the soil was the only management option accomplishing both management goals of reducing surface soil contaminants and maintaining soil health. For this combined mixing option, aggregate stability was 37%, soil Pb was 15 mg kg−1, and benzo(a)pyrene was 0.99 ± 0.09 mg kg−1. Food‐grade oil addition did not increase benzo(a)pyrene degradation. Future studies should evaluate how incorporating soil blends in different soil types with a range of contaminants may offer a suitable long‐term management option for urban soil contaminants.

Core Ideas

Soil blend incorporation maximized soil health and human health benefits.

Soil capping may cover contaminants but reduced surface soil aggregate stability short term.

Compost addition maintained surface aggregate stability and diluted Pb surface contamination.

Incorporating soil blends offers a potential long‐term urban soil management solution.
Impacts of Road Salting on Water Quality in Fractured Crystalline Bedrock
Authors: Vitale Sarah A. , Robbins Gary A. , McNaboe Lukas A.
Published: February 2017

Many rural communities depend on bedrock wells as a primary water source, which raises the issue as to whether increasing amounts of salt application are affecting bedrock water quality and to what degree. Through wellbore profiling, this study investigated changes in specific conductance in two crystalline bedrock wells at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, CT, from 2003 to 2016, with particular emphasis on the impacts of increased salt application with a change in deicing practices at the university after 2009. Hourly specific conductance measurements were collected in 2014 to determine how water source may affect wellbore concentrations seasonally. Chloride was found to be highly persistent in the bedrock, with concentrations consistently increasing from 2003 to 2016 despite year‐to‐year variations in salt application. A dramatic increase in chloride occurred in the wellbores in response to the change in deicing practices, with an immediate response in fractures having a direct connection to the overburden. In light of the long‐term implications of road salting on subsurface chloride contamination, this study argues that consideration be given to deicing management strategies to reduce road salt contamination.

Core Ideas

Chloride is highly persistent in groundwater in crystalline bedrock.

Chloride in bedrock wells increased in response to a change in deicing practices.

Stored chloride contributes to wellbore concentrations beyond the salting season.
Lignin and Etherified Ferulates Affect Digestibility and Structural Composition of Three Temperate Perennial Grasses
Authors: Caslera Michael D. , Jung Hans‐Joachim G.
Published: February 2017

Breeding grasses for increased digestibility increases their value and profitability in ruminant livestock production systems. Digestibility can be improved in grasses by either increasing the concentration of soluble and readily fermentable carbohydrates or by altering the plant cell wall to create faster and more ready access to carbohydrates by rumen microbes. Two mechanisms to accomplish the latter are to decrease lignin concentration or to decrease the frequency of lignin‐ferulate covalent bonds. The purpose of this study was to quantify the relative impact of these two mechanisms on in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility for three forage grasses: orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.). The selection scheme was designed to create divergence and independence between Klason lignin and etherified ferulates. This was successful only in reed canarygrass, due to the strong positive genetic correlation between the two traits in the other two grasses. Repeatability of Klason lignin concentration was very low, which probably contributed to our inability to create the desired spectrum of multitrait differentiation. Future studies should be refocused on the use of acid detergent lignin, which has shown a history of high repeatability and heritability. Repeatability of etherified ferulates was high for all three species, indicating that further genetic gains could be realized by selection for reduced etherified ferulate cross‐linking within the cell walls of these grasses.
Awake craniotomy in a patient with Brugada syndrome
Authors: Barr Katharine , Weidmann Crispin , Grundy Paul
Published: February 2017

We report the case of a patient with Brugada syndrome who underwent an image‐guided awake craniotomy for tumour resection. We modified our usual technique to allow intraoperative testing whilst maintaining safety.
Alzheimer's Disease and NQO1: Is there a Link?
Authors: Chhetri Jamuna , King Anna E. , Gueven Nuri
Published: February 2017

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by a
progressive decline in cognitive function and represents a major healthcare challenge worldwide. Increasing
evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction mediated oxidative stress plays a significant
role in the pathophysiological process of AD. Therefore, the physiological activation of antioxidant
enzymes that respond to increased oxidative stress is thought to prevent neuropathology. One of those
endogenous defences is NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). NQO1 is a cytosolic homodimeric
flavoprotein that catalyses the two-electron reduction of quinones and related molecules aimed at increasing
their solubility and excretion. In line with its role as a phase II stress response protein, altered
NQO1 expression is associated with several pathological conditions and disorders including AD.

Conclusion:

This review summarizes the association between NQO1 and AD pathology. Understanding
this association will provide further insight into the pathogenesis of the disease. More importantly,
recent interest in drugs that affect NQO1 expression or its activity provides hope that this approach
could lead to novel therapeutic options for the treatment of AD.
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Role of Target Therapies and Future Perspectives
Authors: Nappi Anna , Berretta Massimiliano , Romano Carmela , Tafuto Salvatore , Cassata Antonino , Casaretti Rossana , Silvestro Lucrezia , Divitiis Chiara De , Alessandrini Lara , Fiorica Francesco , Ottaiano Alessandro , Nasti Guglielmo
Published: February 2017

Today, we are experiencing a real cultural revolution in the therapeutic approach to cancer
of the colon - rectum, that by orphan disease, it is now becoming an important paradigm of scientific
innovations and concepts.

Survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (m-CRC) has been significantly improved with
the introduction of the monoclonal antibodies that have as target the vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer is implicated in tumors escaping immune destruction. This pathway
is up -regulated in many tumours. Blockade of this pathway with anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 agents
has led to remarkable clinical responses in patients affected by many different types of cancer.

The aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of addiction of biological agents to standard chemotherapy
in the treatment of m-CRC.

We can say that, among the various treatment options, the challenge of the future will be a better selection
of the population, to ensure the best possible benefit from treatment with anti-VEGF drugs or
anti-EGFR and a careful and customized planning of the therapeutic strategy for each patient.
New Horizons on Molecular Pharmacology Applied to Drug Discovery: When Resonance Overcomes Radioligand Binding
Authors: Pernomian Larissa , Gomes Mayara Santos , Moreira Josimar Dornelas , Silva Carlos Henrique Tomich de Paula da , Rosa Joaquin Maria Campos , Cardoso Cristina Ribeiro de Barros
Published: February 2017

One of the cornerstones of rational drug development is the measurement of molecular parameters
derived from ligand-receptor interaction, which guides therapeutic windows definition.
Over the last decades, radioligand binding has provided valuable contributions in this field as key
method for such purposes. However, its limitations spurred the development of more exquisite techniques
for determining such parameters. For instance, safety risks related to radioactivity waste, expensive
and controlled disposal of radioisotopes, radiotracer separation-dependence for affinity
analysis, and one-site mathematical models-based fitting of data make radioligand binding a suboptimal
approach in providing measures of actual affinity conformations from ligands and G proteincoupled
receptors (GPCR). Current advances on high-throughput screening (HTS) assays have
markedly extended the options of sparing sensitive ways for monitoring ligand affinity. The advent
of the novel bioluminescent donor NanoLuc luciferase (Nluc), engineered from Oplophorus gracilirostris
luciferase, allowed fitting bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) for monitoring
ligand binding. Such novel approach named Nluc-based BRET (NanoBRET) binding assay consists
of a real-time homogeneous proximity assay that overcomes radioligand binding limitations but ensures
the quality in affinity measurements. Here, we cover the main advantages of NanoBRET protocol
and the undesirable drawbacks of radioligand binding as molecular methods that span pharmacological
toolbox applied to Drug Discovery. Also, we provide a novel perspective for the application
of NanoBRET technology in affinity assays for multiple-state binding mechanisms involving
oligomerization and/or functional biased selectivity. This new angle was proposed based on specific
biophysical criteria required for the real-time homogeneity assigned to the proximity NanoBRET
protocol.
A New Therapeutic Strategy for Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck
Authors: Hirakawa Haruo , Nishi Yasuyuki , Watanabe Taisuke , Tada Makoto , Taniyama Kiyomi , Kamiike Wataru
Published: February 2017

A concurrent superselective intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy (SIACRT) is a
new therapeutic strategy for advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the maxillary sinus
and upper gingiva that might enable patients to keep the shape and function as well as
improve curability. We have been applying SIACRT since 2008. We will present the
results of SIACRT compared to conventional combined therapy at our hospital.
SIACRT is promising to preserve patient’s quality of life (QOL) both under and after
the treatment without sacrificing a cure rate.
The Long-Term Outcomes of Partial Breast Irradiation Using External Beam after Breast Conserving Surgery
Authors: Yamamoto Michinori
Published: February 2017

To examine long-term outcomes of a single institution’s cases of partial
breast irradiation.

Between January 1990 and March 2001, a total of 104 patients with T1 or T2 breast
cancer were treated with partial breast irradiation using external beam after breastconserving
surgery. Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) and contralateral breast
tumor occurrence (CBTO) were examined. Median follow-up time was 10.2 years.

IBTR rates at 5, 10 and 15 years were 2%, 6.5% and 13.2%, respectively. CBTO rates
at 5, 10 and 15 years were 0%, 1% and 5%, respectively. Failure within radiation field
occurred in 1 patient and failure outside radiation field occurred in 7 patients. Of 7
recurrences outside radiation field, 1 recurred diffusely in the skin of the breast, 3
recurred in another portion of the breast and 3 recurred in the breast near the radiation
field. The incidence of failure outside radiation field was high compared to that of
CBTO, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.059).

This study speculates that PBI is a feasible alternative to WBI.
Is It Possible to Optimize Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response by EGFR and CK5/6 Expression Status in Breast Cancer Patients?
Authors: Morii Nao , Yamashiro Hiroyasu , Takahashi Hirotoshi , Taniyama Kiyomi
Published: February 2017

We examined the expression of ER, HER2, Ki-67, CK5/6 and EGFR by
immunohistochemistry in breast tumors from patients who underwent neoadjuvant
chemotherapy (NAC).

88 breast cancer patients who received NAC and surgery at our institute between
January 2008 and March 2013 were enrolled. Staining results of ER, HER2, CK5/6,
EGFR and Ki-67 were quantitated by automated immunostaining analysis. Patients
were stratified into four grades (0, 1+, 2+, 3+) by ER status. Ki-67 index and nuclear
grade were compared between a CK5/6- and/or EGFR-positive cohort and a CK5/6-
and EGFR-negative cohort for each ER status grade. We also assessed response to
chemotherapy according to ER, CK5/6 and EGFR status in a HER2 negative cohort.

The percentage of CK5/6- and/or EGFR-positive tumors decreased inversely with
increasing degree of ER expression. In the ER0 cohort, the CK5/6- and/or EGFRpositive
cohort had a higher Ki-67 index (p=.0875) and nuclear Grade 3 (p=.0036) than
a CK5/6- and EGFR-negative cohort. A CK5/6- and/or EGFR-positive cohort showed a higher tumor reduction rate of clinical effect than a CK5/6- and EGFR-negative cohort (mean=57.3% and 24.6%, respectively, p=.2053) in an ER0 cohort. In the CK5/6-
and/or EGFR-positive cohort, two of nine showed Grade 3 and seven showed Grade 2a
or more of pathological effect. In cohorts of ER2+ or ER3+, there was no correlation
between CK5/6 and EGFR status and response to chemotherapy.

In triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), CK5/6 and EGFR expression can be utilized
as markers that differentiate the effect of NAC.
Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Does TACE Have a Future?
Authors: Toyota Naoyuki , Yamagami Takuji , Matsuura Noriaki , Akiyama Naoko , Miyoshi Hiromi , Sueoka Takahiro , Awai Kazuo
Published: February 2017

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the interventional
technique and mainstay of treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
TACE is indicated mainly for unresectable HCC, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatic
metastases. In this method if used worldwide; however, many regimens, embolic
materials, and techniques exist. The clinical results are also controversial. We present
the history and the status of TACE for HCC.
Clinical Application on Telomere Biology for Cancer
Authors: Matsuo Toshihiro , Hachisuka Hiroki , Hamasaki Takahiko , Izuta Yasunori , Hamada Norikazu
Published: February 2017

Telomere dynamics have been reported extensively as a critical component
of cancer, and established evidence exists an important relationship between telomere
biology and cancer. Although more than 85% of all carcinomas rely on telomerase
activity to maintain stable telomere length, most normal somatic cells are telomerase
negative. Therefore, effective methods for specific diagnostic and prognostic utility by
telomerase detection have been described, and, to date, ideal targeting telomerase
therapy with minimal adverse effects on normal somatic cells have been attempted. In
this mini review, we summarize the role of telomeres and telomerase in cancer, clinical
use, and targeted telomerase cancer therapies.
Improved Adaptation of Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy based on the Evaluation of Renal Function Using 99mTc-MAG3 Renal Imaging
Authors: Shimamoto Tsutomu , Shigeta Masanobu , Fukuoka Kenichiro , Satake Fumihiro , Koda Shuntaro
Published: February 2017

We evaluated renal function before and after laparoscopic partial
nephrectomy by calculating differential renal function thru the use of renal scintigraphy
with 99mtecnetium-mercaptoacetyltriglysine (99mTc-MAG3).

Differential renal function was assessed for 62 patients undergoing laparoscopic partial
nephrectomy for renal tumors with renal scintigraphy before operation and six months
post operation.

Mean operating time, ischemic time, blood loss and tumor diameter were 142 min, 27
min, 75 ml and 2.0 cm, respectively. The mean reduced rates of calculating glomerular
filtration rate (cGFR) of a bilateral and the diseased-side kidney were 7.96% and
23.3%, respectively, and was statistical significant (p<0.001).

Meanwhile, the mean rate of increase of cGFR on the non-diseased-side kidney was
6.8%, which was significantly decreased (p=0.005). By univariate analysis, patients
with a tumor of more than 2 cm in size and with clamping of the renal artery for over
30 minutes had decreased 6-month postoperative cGFR by more than 20%.

In multivariate analysis, tumor size was the most significant factor related to a decrease
in cGFR. Patients with a tumor larger than 2 cm in size had a longer operation time
(p=0.0005) and a higher amount of bleeding (p=0.0012).

In comparison, the six-month postoperative cGFR of patients less than 55 years-old had
significantly increased cGFR over 20%.

Lower cGFR of the diseased-side kidney after partial nephrectomy was predicted by
longer ischemic interval and tumor size. Age predicted increasing cGFR of the nondiseased
side after partial nephrectomy. Currently, we are endeavoring to shorten
ischemic time. Younger patients with renal tumors should adapt to laparoscopic partial
nephrectomy.
The Yin and Yang of Von Willebrand Factor in Thrombosis and Hemostasis: Lessons from Von Willebrand Disease and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Takafuta Toshiro , Kaneko Makoto , Shinzato Isaku
Published: February 2017

Various factors, including platelets, endothelial cells, and coagulation
factors, regulate the mechanisms of thrombosis and hemostasis. Von Willebrand factor
(VWF) is one of the key molecules to initiate platelets adhesion and aggregation.
Quantitative and qualitative VWF abnormalities cause both hemorrhagic and
thrombotic disorders. The role of VWF has emerged from molecular mechanisms of
von Willebrand disease (VWD) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). This
review summarizes the current knowledge of these diseases and the importance of
VWF in thrombosis and hemostasis.
Efficacy of Wound Closure with Cyanoacrylate Glue for Total Knee Arthroplasty without Drain
Authors: Izuta Yasunori , Yasumoto Masanori , Yoshikawa Masahiro , Niitani Manabu , Hamada Norikazu , Sugita Takashi
Published: February 2017

New surgical wound closure methods have been developed, and octyl-2-
cyanoacrylate has been used for wound closure after surgery. In this study, we
compared clinical outcomes for total knee arthroplasty with a new wound closure using
cyanoacrylate glue without drain and conventional skin suture procedure with drain.
Complications in the group of cyanoacrylate included one case of delayed skin healing.
No case of blood transfusion, pulmonary embolism, deep-venous thrombosis, or deep
infection existed. Concerning estimated blood loss, the group of cyanoacrylate
decreased significantly at the time of post-op; 1 day and post-op, 3 days. This
procedure had some benefits for patients and clinical staff.
Effects of Switching from Allopurinol to Febuxostat in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Takahashi Shunsuke , Nakashima Ayumu , Urabe Asako , Osaki Yosuke , Masaki Takao
Published: February 2017

Febuxostat, a new xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, could become the
standard for managing uric acid levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
However, little has been reported regarding patients with severe renal impairment.
Further, the conversion rate for switching patients from allopurinol to febuxostat
remains unknown.

We studied 65 CKD patients being administered allopurinol for hyperuricemia and then
switched them to febuxostat at a conversion ratio of 100 mg allopurinol: 10 mg
febuxostat. Serum uric acid and creatinine levels were measured before and 4–8 weeks
after the switch.

Sixty-three patients remained after excluding those who had discontinued treatment.
There was no significant difference in serum uric acid and creatinine levels before and
after the switch. Further, no significant differences were observed in serum uric acid
levels before and after the switch when patients were stratified into diabetic and nondiabetic
groups or when classified per gender. We divided patients into G1–G3b and
G4–G5 groups depending on the stage of CKD; there were no significant differences in
the G1–G3b group after the switch, but there was a significant decrease in serum uric
acid levels in the G4–G5 group (p < 0.05).

We demonstrated that 100 mg allopurinol and 10 mg febuxostat had equivalent
hypouricemic effects in CKD patients and that these drugs did not affect serum
creatinine levels. Thus, 10 mg febuxostat may have greater hypouricemic effects in
patients with advanced CKD.
Dermoscopy for Pigmented Skin Lesions: Four Case Reports
Authors: Sanada Seiko
Published: February 2017

Dermoscopy is a useful tool to examine pigmented skin lesions. We use this
method as a routine tool and have experienced many pigmented lesions. Here, we
present four pigmented skin lesions (three are pigmented nevi and one is malignant
melanoma) to demonstrate the usefulness of dermoscopy when making a clinical
diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions.
Ceremonias escolares y procesos culturales en la frontera norte de México: El desfile de primavera en Tecate
Authors: Aguilar Nery Jesús
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del artículo es describir y analizar las ceremonias escolares como horizontes de significados que construyen puntos de vista, parciales e incompletos, de la estructura social en que los participantes manifiestan sus identidades, algunas narrativas y ciertas experiencias, pero también expresan contradicciones y luchas por los significados socialmente relevantes. Se utiliza el potencial heurístico de la categoría de ceremonia para explorar la dimensión simbólica del desfile escolar de primavera en la ciudad fronteriza de Tecate, Baja California, México. El análisis se realiza a través de dos lecturas: una considera las ceremonias como eventos que contribuyen a confirmar la integración y el equilibrio social, y otra atiende los conflictos, las rupturas y el poder.
Gestión ambiental transfronteriza para la generación eléctrica en la región California, Estados Unidos-Baja California, México
Authors: Nieblas Ortiz Efraín Carlos , Quintero Núñez Margarito
Published: February 2017

El estado de Baja California (BC) puede convertirse en el sitio preferido para el arribo de más inversiones en el rubro de generación eléctrica. Lo que favorecería este escenario es una mayor laxitud de la normatividad y los procedimientos ambientales de México, respecto a los de Estados Unidos. Tanto en San Diego-Tijuana como en Imperial-Mexicali, se observan problemas de incumplimiento de las normas de calidad del aire propuestas por ambos gobiernos federales. aquí se sugiere el establecimiento de un mecanismo binacional de administración de las cuencas atmosféricas compartidas, que defina un procedimiento de evaluación ambiental estratégica y transfronteriza, para permitir la instalación de industrias nuevas sin que representen un aumento en el volumen de emisiones, y mayor degradación de la calidad del aire.
Subespacios de la pobreza y diferenciación: Una aproximación empírica a la identidad sociocultural de pobladores de asentamientos irregulares en Hermosillo, 2003-2004
Authors: Guillén Lúgigo Manuela
Published: February 2017

Para indagar la relación entre las reconfiguraciones productivas ocurridas en la región, como parte del proceso de vinculación de Sonora con los mercados globales, se realizó una investigación en la periferia de Hermosillo, de la cual el presente artículo es un producto. Una de las consecuencias del crecimiento de la ciudad ha sido la expansión de las zonas periféricas empobrecidas y las identidades de los grupos en condiciones de pobreza. El propósito del estudio fue comprender el mecanismo excluyente de la ciudad dual, según la perspectiva de los referentes de los actores sociales para dar sentido al o los "momentos" del fluir histórico en que se encuentran situados, en función de su posición en dicho espacio social.
Globalización y diversidad cultural en el Sonora contemporáneo: Variaciones sobre región, etnia y lenguaje
Authors: Manríquez Durán Miguel , Castro Silva Tonatiuh
Published: February 2017

La globalización es un proceso dinámico con determinaciones y efectos múltiples. Uno de ellos incide en la cultura vista ésta como un proceso de reproducción, reestructuración y sobredeterminación de diferencias, no de supresión de ellas. Si la cultura es un conjunto intersubjetivo de pautas de construcción y deconstrucción de lo social, para comprender fenómenos locales es importante reflexionar sobre la construcción del concepto de cultura regional. En Sonora hay varias, algunas con fundamento étnico, es decir, son el resultado de matrices biológicas y culturales a la vez, y otras que han asumido identidades diferenciadas, con rasgos propios y distinguibles. El análisis de la relación entre la globalización y las culturas regionales lleva a detectar dos direcciones: su inclusión en el proceso mundial y, a la vez, su exclusión en aspectos determinados.
Migración y desarrollo en México: entre la exportación de fuerza de trabajo y la dependencia de las remesas
Authors: Márquez Covarrubias Humberto
Published: February 2017

Existe un enfoque teórico nuevo de la migración internacional y el desarrollo en México. Más allá de la visión de los organismos internacionales, analiza el papel asignado a las remesas en la precaria estabilidad socioeconómica del país, según el esquema denominado modelo de desarrollo basado en las remesas. En aras de un análisis comprensivo, se revisan tres dimensiones: a) la exportación de fuerza de trabajo barata; b) el papel de la migración laboral en la reestructuración productiva estadounidense y c) la función asignada a las remesas en la economía mexicana. El argumento central es que el desarrollo basado en las remesas agudiza la dependencia de éstas, sin asociarse a mecanismos que promuevan el crecimiento local, regional o nacional.
Masculinidad, riesgos y padecimientos laborales: Jornaleros agrícolas del poblado Miguel Alemán, Sonora
Authors: Calvario Parra José Eduardo
Published: February 2017

Los varones tienden a omitir o minimizar los daños causados por el trabajo, pues, como hombres, los consideran una naturalización de su desempeño laboral, y, por tanto, asocian la manera masculina de conducirse con ideas de mayor fortaleza e invulnerabilidad ante los riesgos y padecimientos laborales. El presente artículo explora las vivencias de los jornaleros agrícolas del poblado Miguel Alemán (PMA) , en Sonora, en los procesos de salud-enfermedad y la construcción social de la masculinidad dominante. El objetivo principal es documentar las prácticas de autoatención y autocuidado de los varones de la región y los costos para la salud en un contexto de orden de género. Después de revisar los postulados teóricos utilizados, se analizan casos de accidentes de trabajo (como la intoxicación por el agroquímico cianamida hidrogenada), las hemorroides y el efecto de la relación entre la idea de una inmunidad subjetiva (IS) y la identidad masculina, frente a la enfermedad y el peligro. El artículo permite acercarse a los procesos microsociales con enlaces empírico-metodológicos de los ámbitos laboral y doméstico, y describe etnográficamente prácticas y discursos de los actores y actrices.
De la vulnerabilidad a la producción del riesgo en las tres primeras décadas de la ciudad de Mexicali, 1903-1933
Authors: Ley García Judith , Calderón Aragón Georgina
Published: February 2017

A partir de un enfoque alternativo, se asume que es la sociedad a la par con los asentamientos humanos, la que provoca el riesgo. Este artículo analiza la producción del riesgo de desastre en Mexicali, durante las primeras tres décadas de su desarrollo. A partir del modelo presión y liberación, se realiza una revisión histórica para identificar las decisiones, situaciones e intereses que intervinieron en la configuración y transformación de la relación compleja entre peligros naturales y vulnerabilidad.
Competitividad del frijol mexicano frente al de Estados Unidos en un contexto de liberalización comercial
Authors: Ayala Garay Alma Velia , Schwentesius Rindermann Rita , Gómez Cruz Manuel Ángel , Almaguer Vargas Gustavo
Published: February 2017

La pérdida de rentabilidad del cultivo de frijol en México, aunada al incremento de los volúmenes de importación y la desregulación del mercado, ocasiona que el grano sea cada vez menos competitivo en relación con el cultivado en Estados Unidos, su principal socio comercial. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la competitividad de la producción de frijol en México en el marco de la liberalización comercial; se encontró que a nivel macro, ésta es revelada negativa, debido al tipo de cambio sobrevaluado que favorece el dumping en las importaciones, además de que ha quedado desprotegida por el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, al omitirse el pago de aranceles. A nivel meso, la formación de organizaciones ha favorecido a los productores, que han logrado crear economías de escala, aunque les falta consolidarlas. En el estudio a nivel micro, en Chihuahua, se observó que los costos de producción unitarios son elevados y los rendimientos bajos, lo que resulta en una rentabilidad menor en comparación con la de Estados Unidos.
Desarrollo forestal sustentable en Chihuahua, México: una estrategia multidimensional
Authors: Luján Álvarez Concepción , Olivas García Jesús Miguel , González Hernández Hilda Guadalupe , Gómez Soto Óscar , Cuautle Coyac María de los Ángeles
Published: February 2017

Establecer una estrategia multidimensional para lograr el desarrollo forestal sustentable en la región de clima templado frío en Chihuahua, México, fue el objetivo del presente estudio, que se obtuvo con la aplicación del modelo Multiconferencia de Búsqueda, basado en el sistema de organización por asociaciones de productores forestales (ejidatarios, comuneros y pequeños propietarios, incluidos indígenas y mestizos). La metodología participativa aplicada consideró el carácter social de la propiedad de los recursos forestales en México, y se apoyó en la colaboración activa de ejidos y comunidades y demás actores relacionados. La estrategia multidimensional establecida está integrada por las dimensiones ecológicas ambientales, socioculturales, económicas, político-institucionales y científico-tecnológicas, que incluye objetivos y acciones estratégicas que consideran las necesidades e intereses comunes de los involucrados en la búsqueda del desarrollo forestal regional, con visión de sustentabilidad.
Riqueza ecológica y pobreza económica en un área natural protegida en Baja California Sur
Authors: Olmos-Martínez Elizabeth , Beltrán-Morales Luis Felipe , Breceda-Solís Aurora , Ortega-Rubio Alfredo , Salas Silvia
Published: February 2017

Aquí se aborda el concepto de pobreza, enmarcado en el contexto de un área natural protegida (anp), con la metodología propuesta por la Secretaría de Desarrollo Social (sedesol), cuya política pública maneja tres categorías para medirla: pobreza alimentaria, pobreza de capacidades y pobreza de patrimonio. El estudio de caso se efectuó en el ejido San Jorge (esj), ubicado dentro de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra La Laguna (rebisla), en Baja California Sur. El análisis está basado en datos recolectados en entrevistas a los pobladores del lugar; se consideró el ingreso real diario per cápia, el cual indica si la persona es capaz de satisfacer las necesidades comprendidas en cada categoría, con un ingreso mínimo indispensable. Los resultados indican que la pobreza en la zona, de 2000 a 2004, no varió significativamente. Se concluyó que los habitantes del esj son pobres, según los propios parámetros de sedesol, y que su condición no ha mejorado, aunque viven en un anp. Se analizan algunas alternativas que podrían ayudar a amortiguar este rezago.
La construcción de un movimiento ambiental en México. El club de golf en Tepoztlán, Morelos
Authors: Velázquez García Mario Alberto
Published: February 2017

En el artículo se analiza la forma en que los individuos definen un movimiento social; en especial, cómo construyen los elementos que justifican o explican sus acciones, a través de la interacción con otros actores u oponentes. Para hacerlo, se utiliza la teoría sobre construcción social de realidad, para enfatizar las interpretaciones de los sujetos sobre determinados eventos. El caso de estudio es el movimiento contra la construcción de un centro turístico en Tepoztlán, Morelos.