bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quiste dentígero. Revisión de la literatura y reporte de caso
Authors: Vizuete–Bolaños Marco Xavier , Salgado–Chavarría Fabiola , Cruz–Tapia Roberto Onner
Published: September 2022

Introducción: el quiste dentígero, también conocido como quiste folicular, es la segunda forma más habitual de los quistes de la región maxilar después del quiste radicular. Tiene una incidencia del 20% con respecto a todos los quistes odontogénicos y se encuentra más en el género masculino entre los 20-40 años. El manejo conservador en lesiones quísticas de gran tamaño es indispensable para evitar defectos óseos o daño a estructuras vecinas. Sin embargo, en lesiones de menor tamaño, la enucleación continúa siendo el tratamiento de elección. Objetivo: presentar un caso clínico de un quiste dentígero y hacer una revisión de la literatura actualizada. Caso clínico: paciente masculino de 23 años que presentó aumento de volumen en zona geniana derecha y, además, en su ortopantomografía se observó una lesión en el sector de los incisivos superiores. Se realizó enucleación de la lesión, cuyo diagnóstico histológico previo fue quiste dentígero y posteriormente se obtiene una correcta regeneración ósea tras un año de seguimiento Conclusión: el manejo del quiste dentígero es variado: puede ir desde la enucleación quirúrgica hasta la descompresión y marsupialización del mismo. No obstante, todos los tratamientos actuales se basan en contrarrestar los factores de expansión quística que permiten a esta lesión alcanzar grandes tamaños intraóseos y poder causar desde rizolisis de dientes adyacentes hasta una asimetría facial como sucedió en este caso clínico.
TAXONOMÍA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LOS PECES SYNODÓNTIDOS (AULOPIFORMES: SYNODONTIDAE) DEL PACÍFICO AMERICANO
Authors: Polanco Andrea , Acero Pizarro Arturo
Published: September 2022

La familia de peces óseos Synodontidae (orden Aulopiformes) incluye más de 70 especies en cuatro géneros a nivel mundial. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión taxonómica estudiando los caracteres merísticos y morfométricos de las cinco especies que existen en el Pacífico oriental. Se proveen fichas taxonómicas de las especies presentando el conocimiento de las especies incluyendo análisis morfológico, talla, hábitos, batimetría, coloración, nombre común y distribución. Se evidencia el aporte los caracteres morfológicos de la cabeza para la diferenciación de las especies a través de un análisis de componentes principales y se provee una clave taxonómica del grupo para el Pacifico Oriental Tropical.
ENFOQUE BAYESIANO PARA OBTENER TASAS DE TRANSICIÓN EN UN MODELO DE MARKOV CON DOS ESTADOS RECURRENTES
Authors: Giraldo Bautista Zulay Marcela , Salazar-Uribe Juan Carlos , Iral Palomino René
Published: September 2022

La aplicación de modelos de estados múltiples ha sido determinante a la hora de realizar estudios de datos longitudinales, tales como la observación de la progresión de una enfermedad en el tiempo, la recurrencia de una enfermedad, el seguimiento intermitente de la misma, entre otras; usualmente la forma cómo se mide el avance del fenómeno, es mediante el estado en el cual se pueda encontrar al sujeto en diferentes puntos en el tiempo. Las tasas de transición entre estados del fenómeno de estudio permiten evaluar si el individuo experimenta un cambio positivo o negativo del mismo, por tanto, se modela la manera como los individuos en cierta población transitan de un estado a otro a través del tiempo lo cual es importante para comprender su dinámica. Las tasas de transición en un modelo de Markov de dos estados recurrentes en función de covariables se obtienen a través de un enfoque Bayesiano utilizando dos distribuciones apriori (No informativa e informativa); para esto se adoptó un esquema de análisis basado en el muestreador de Gibbs, mediante un estudio de simulación y aplicación a datos reales se ilustró el comportamiento de las tasas de transición bajo estas dos distribuciones y el efecto de una covariable.
PRUEBA ELEMENTAL DEL TEOREMA FUNDAMENTAL DEL ÁLGEBRA
Authors: Pérez-Marco Ricardo
Published: September 2022

Sin pretensiones de originalidad, se presenta una demostraciÓn elemental del Teorema Fundamental del Álgebra, que no precisa Análisis Complejo y con uso mínimo de nociones de Topologí­a, de manera que puede impartirse en un primer curso de Cálculo Diferencial.
MODELADO DE LA INFILTRACIÓN EN SUELOS VOLCÁNICOS AGRÍCOLAS POR LLUVIA MENSUAL EN LA CUENCA ALTA DEL RÍO PÁEZ, CARTAGO, COSTA RICA
Authors: Cortés-Granados Víctor , Henríquez-Henríquez Carlos , Ramírez-Granados Pablo Ignacio , Campos-Bejarano Lolita
Published: September 2022

Se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de un modelo analítico para el cálculo de la infiltración del agua de lluvia mensual a escala de cuenca hidrográfica. El modelado analítico de la infiltración fue realizado a partir del método de Schosinsky. Para la aplicación del modelo se analizaron los datos de precipitación mensual de un período de 20 años de acuerdo con distintos eventos climáticos, Niña, Niño y Neutro, las propiedades geomorfométricas del terreno, la dinámica del uso y la cobertura de la tierra y las propiedades físicas e hidráulicas de los suelos volcánicos en la cuenca hidrográfica del río Páez. Una vez ejecutado el análisis de estas variables, se establecieron zonas específicas en la cuenca las cuales fueron objeto de la aplicación del cálculo analítico de infiltración. Los resultados mostraron que la lluvia condiciona la entrada de agua por infiltración y que además está en función del evento climático que se pueda presentar mes a mes durante una serie de 20 años, además la entrada de agua una vez que alcanza el suelo, varía de acuerdo con las condiciones de pendiente del terreno, la condición de la cobertura o el uso de la tierra y los tipos de propiedades físicas e hidráulicas de los suelos en función de los subórdenes de suelos existentes. La aplicación del modelo de Schosinsky permitió la zonificación de la cuenca en áreas de infiltración específicas, las cuales presentaron distintos rangos de infiltración según los eventos climáticos que se den. Este trabajo demostró la aplicabilidad del modelo de Schosinsky para la determinación de la infiltración a escala de cuenca hidrográfica y la ventaja que éste tiene de poder mejorar su cálculo de acuerdo con el detalle de la información que se obtenga.
Índice para comparar metodologías de estimación por intervalos para las tasas estandarizadas directas
Authors: Orozco Quiceno Henry Humberto , Salazar-Uribe Juan Carlos , Correa-Morales Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

Las tasas estandarizadas se utilizan para comparar un evento en una poblacion de estudio con una población estandar controlando los efectos confusores y ademas permiten dimensionar el evento de acuerdo a un mismo estandar. En este trabajo se evaluan con un estudio de simulacion y por medio de un nuevo ndice, los  desempeños de varias metodologías para la estimación de las tasas estandarizadas a través de intervalos de conanza, algunas basadas en la distribución normal, Poisson y gamma. Este nuevo índice permite considerar tanto el nivel de cobertura como la amplitud del intervalo y evaluar la calidad de cada uno de los intervalos  evaluados conjuntamente. Se identican los metodos de intervalos de conanza con mejor desempeño de acuerdo al índice propuesto, entre estos se destacan los métodos gamma, el de momentos y bootstrap.
Pichia pastoris as a biological platform to produce recombinant proteins: relevance for development of biotechnological products in Colombia
Authors: Rosas Cabrera Juan David , Díaz Rodríguez Carlos Andrés
Published: September 2022

The world market for compounds produced by biotechnological means is growing due to the search and implementation of cellular systems that allow the mass production of complex molecules with a specific biological activity. These range from drugs, to enzymes and proteins for diverse uses, such as academic research and the development of industrial processes. Pichia pastoris is a methylotrophic yeast that has been studied in recent decades for the expression and generation of recombinant proteins, because it has features that make it especially efficient, not only to host external DNA, but also to express it and, thus, produce a wide variety of molecules. In this study, the most important aspects related to the production of recombinant proteins are examined, by using P. pastoris as a model, from the most common expression strategy, to the aspects related to the cultivation at bioreactor scale and, by yielding high-value products. Some papers conducted, in Colombia, are also reviewed, as well as their approach and the current state of the expression system in the country's biotechnology and its barriers, by concluding that studies with P. pastoris are scarce and are mainly developed around a few academic centers.
Assessing the phenotypic variation, heritability and genetic advance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) candidate lines grown under rainfed semi-arid region of Algeria
Authors: Lamara Asma , Fellahi Zine El Abidine , Hannachi Abderrahmane , Benniou Ramdane
Published: September 2022

The genetic improvement of any breeding population largely depends upon the magnitude of genetic variability present. This study was carried out to estimate parameters of the genetic variation among 13 quantitative traits of bread wheat evaluated at INRAA-Setif institute (Algeria) during the 2020–2021 crop season in a rainfed environment. 34 genotypes including four control checks were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genotypes showed significant variations for almost all the studied traits. Proline content, spikes weight, and grain yield exhibited a high genotypic coefficient of variation along with moderate to high heritability coupled with a high genetic gain, suggesting the implication of additive gene action. The number of spikes, spikes weight, and thousand kernel weight were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis results showed that spikes weight is an important route through which most of the measured traits influenced indirectly grain yield. Lines L1, L20, L28, L16, and L18 exhibited a sizeable grain yield advantage, which suggests they are potential candidates for future release and could be incorporated into the wheat breeding programs as parents to improve yield in the rainfed environments of Algeria
Effect of removal of the upper stem of the ear (topping) and nitrogen application on maize for dual-purpose production of fodder and seed
Authors: Heidari Hassan , Hosseini Saeideh Sargol
Published: September 2022

Maize is a plant cultivated as fodder or seed. The seeds of this plant are used for poultry and the fresh fodder or silage is required for animal husbandry. In the research, the dual-purpose cropping possibility of maize for fodder and seed harvesting under nitrogen application was assessed. A field experiment and a laboratory experiment were conducted in 2014. The field experiment was performed as a split-plot design. Studied factors were the topping factor (topping (stem removal at the top of the ear) or no topping) and nitrogen fertilizer factor (nitrogen application of 0, 75, and 150 kg ha-1). In the laboratory experiment, germination traits of produced seeds from the maternal plant under topping and nitrogen were studied. Results showed that no topping had the highest ear weight. Topping and nitrogen did not affect seed number per maize ear row. Topping had a lower 100-seed weight and seed yield than no topping. Nitrogen did not affect seed yield and 100-seed weight. Topping and nitrogen application did not affect germination percentage, radical length, caulicle length, and vigor of produced seed at the seed milking stage. Nitrogen application at this stage could not compensate for the damage caused by the topping. Maize topping at the seed dough stage may be evaluated in future studies.
Physiological and yield response to fertilization of short-cycle Solanum tuberosum cultivars in three high-Andean environments
Authors: Benavides-Cardona Carlos Andrés , Marcillo-Paguay Carlos Alberto , Gómez-Gil Luis Fernando , Romero Juan Vicente
Published: September 2022

The variability of potato cultivars and environments in the production area of Nariño-Colombia, demands the adjustment of agronomic recommendations for the improvement of crop management. Physiological behavior and yield of four short-cycle potato cultivars were evaluated: Solanum tuberosum Phureja groups (Mambera, Ratona Morada and Criolla Colombia) and Andigena (Morasurco), under three environments, characterized edaphoclimatically (AH1, AH2, and AH4) and three fertilization levels. The yield components did not present differences between these levels, except for AH2, where level 3 surpassed the others in yield, and AH3 for harvest index with differences between levels. Regarding the cultivars, there were statistical differences in all environments; the highest yield was obtained by Ratona Morada and Mambera in AH4, Criolla Colombia in AH1, and a homogeneous behavior for Morasurco in all environments. In AH1 and AH2 the physiological indexes were similar in proportion and occurrence, while in AH4 the behavior was variable, with higher values in Morasurco and Mambera. ANOVA and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) differentiated Morasurco from Phureja cultivars and Criolla Colombia from Ratona and Mambera. The grouping of environments in the DAPC ratifies the classification of the environments. The nutritional requirements of the genotypes can be limited by elements different from those evaluated; the productivity was mainly influenced by the environments; Mambera and Ratona Morada are established as alternatives in the AH4 environment, and Criolla Colombia and Morasurco in the other environments.
Propagation of “Valencia” orange (Citrus x sinensis Osbeck) by minigraft
Authors: Suarez Padron Isidro Elias , Alvarez Correa Cristian , Lopez Diaz Claudia Marcela
Published: September 2022

Demand for citrus (Citrus spp) plants for commercial orchards has increased worldwide due to the need for new plantations, renewal of disease-effected crops, and strict regulation for plant production. To evaluate faster and low-cost propagation alternatives for citrus, “Valencia” orange plants were propagated by using two minigrafting techniques (Cleft and inverted T-budding). Rootstocks were raised from “Cleopatra” mandarin seeds, and scions and buds were isolated from 1-year-old grafted plants. For cleft minigrafts, scions were inserted at 5-7 cm height inside of the decapitated rootstocks and covered with Eppendorf® tubes. For T-budding, buds were inserted at 5-7 cm height under the rootstock cortex cut. Unions were fixed with Parafilm®. Grafted plants were maintained under a shade house (50%) with two daily fog irrigation (2 min each). Treatments were distributed with a completely randomized design. Six weeks after grafting, the percentage of success, the shoot length, and the number of leaves per treatment were registered and analyzed with a T test (α=0.05). Cleft minigraft resulted in a higher success percentage and plants with larger shoots. Cleft minigraft could be considered an alternative for citrus propagation in small and medium size nurseries.
Re-designing of railway carriages to increase ergonomic and accessible: a case study of indonesian railway
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , Sulistyorini Dwi H. , Sakinah Nurus , Nugroho Willy Satrio
Published: September 2022

Train is a high efficiency mass transportation which is suitable to increase life quality and support of high citizen mobility. The purpose of this paper is to produce some recommendations of improved railway carriage design which are accessible for disabilities, ergonomics and economics. Firstly, the research started with theoretical studies on the product design development, House of Quality (HoQ), visual displays design, anthropometry, and the needs of disabilities. Next step collected data from the open survey and then form the closed survey of 30 respondents who has physical disabilities and visual impairment to understand the passengers’ need. The results of voice of customers shown that an easy access of disabilities people in the carriage has the biggest negative gap between reality and expectation for 1.16 and then following by space availability of wheelchair for 1.10, the seat numbering for visual impairments passengers=0.85, and the ease of emergency aid=0.71. The HoQ provided analysis of room 1 for customer needs, room 2 for voice of team design, room 3 for relationship matrix, room 4 for benchmarking, room 5 for technical benchmarking, room 6 for correlation matrix, and room 7 for weighted importance and relative importance. The QED results shown that the first rank of relatives importance was distance between seat with score=0.618, the second was colour on seat numbering and train series=0.561, and the third was emergency button=0.439. New design recommendation of carriage design should contain of modified seat layouts, improved wheelchair and aisle space, added guiding blocks, emergency assistance buttons, additional folding chairs, and handrail adjustments. Alternative designs were successfully created and able to increase the seat number of the railway coach.
Development of formats for the implementation of the intelligent business model of trade enterprises
Authors: Khavrova Kateryna , Kozhukhova Tetiana , Bocharova Yuliia , Ivanova Natalia , Pryimak Nataliia
Published: September 2022

Common to all commercial enterprises is the problem of violating the basics of the formation of intellectual activity. The same problem of enterprises’ intellectual activities is quite relevant from a practical point of view. One of the useful tools, the use of which makes it possible to translate the issues of intellectual activities, is the formation of a business model. In the process of the study reported here, a meaningful part of the intellectual business model of an enterprise was proposed and the corresponding concept was introduced. The main groups of indicators for assessing the level of intellectual activities of the business model of an enterprise were combined into the following clusters: qualifications (Q), skills (S), possibilities (V). The level of an enterprise's intellectual activities was assessed using an empirical and graphical method since the selected assessment indicators in their content can only accept point scores. The proposed methodology for forming a radar system to determine the format of business models for intellectual activity of trading enterprises is based on the definition of clusters of indicators to assess the level of an enterprise’s intellectual activities using an integral indicator. According to the radar system, the formats of enterprises' intellectual activities have been determined: innovative, integrated, rational, content-oriented, conducting. It was investigated that the potential for increasing the level of intellectual activity of the integrated format of the business model of an enterprise is about 14 %. The conclusion about the level of the enterprise's intellectual activities is made on the basis of determining the scale of values of expert assessments. Validation of the assessment of the level of intellectual activity of an enterprise was carried out separately for each format for all proposed clusters of assessment indicators. Based on the results of testing, recommendations have been compiled for choosing the format of a business model for the studied enterprises.
Aligning and extending technologies of parallel corpora for the Kazakh language
Authors: Rakhimova Diana , Karibayeva Aidana
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the two-stage alignment and extending methods of parallel corpora for the Kazakh language. The Kazakh language is agglutinative with rich morphology and related to the Turkic language group. So, the traditional alignment methods for similar languages do not work for the Kazakh language. The alignment is used primarily to ensure that the fragment corresponding to the original is found in the translation. After that, identical fragments of parallel texts are compared with each other. At the initial stage, the question is what needs to be leveled. It is possible to align word by word, but this often becomes almost impossible for several reasons: sets of lexemes and expressions do not match in different languages. Considering the linguistic peculiarities of languages, the developed technologies and ways of universal alignment of parallel text may not work in languages with agglutination. It means that the form of the word is formed by additional affixes and auxiliary words that carry semantic and morphological information. The approach presented in this paper is to use a two-stage alignment, which uses a bilingual dictionary of synonyms. The evaluation with the use of the English-Kazakh corpus verifies that our method shows an average of 89 % correct alignment. The second method is designed to expand the parallel corpus due to the lack of natural parallel corpora of the Kazakh-English language pair with good quality. The developed method uses a combinatorial method taking into account the semantic and grammatical features of the Kazakh language. Different tenses of the Kazakh language are used for sentence generation, and different endings for parts of speech are also considered.
The greatness of the characteristics fiber pseudo stem outer layer of Musa acuminata origin lombok Indonesia as reinforcing polyester composite
Authors: Sujita Sujita , Sari Nasmi Herlina
Published: September 2022

Musa acuminata stem is an agricultural waste that has good economic potential. For this reason, efforts are needed to increase the saba banana tree not only as waste, but also to increase its function into natural fiber raw materials for polyester matrix composite reinforcement. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of Musa acuminata stem fibre (MASF) from North Lombok Regency, Indonesia Country as a reinforcement for polyester matrix composites. In this study, the fiber (specimen), taken from pseudo stem Musa acuminata, which consists of three layers: outer, middle and inner stem. The ratting process is done mechanically using a fiber extraction machine. To remove impurities in the fiber, alkaline treatment was carried out, by soaking for 24 hours in a 5 % NaOH solution. To determine the characteristics, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test was carried out for MASF morphology analysis, chemical compound content testing, heat resistance testing, and fiber tensile strength testing. The results showed that the MASF of the outer layer pseudo-stem has a strong character. Fiber morphology is different, between the outer, middle and inner layers pseudo-stems. The cellulose content (73.12 %) was higher than the fiber of Fimbristylis globulosa, hemp, jute, rice straw, wheat straw, seaweed, sorghum straw, coir, and alpha grass. Less resistant to heat degradation because mass loss occurs at a constant rate up to 245 °C. The highest MASF, in the outer pseudo-stem layer it is 40–50 cm from the base stem. Its characteristics are better than other natural fibers so that its potential can be further developed as a reinforcement for polymer matrix composites
Establishing regularities in the application of dry pine wood
Authors: Tsapko Yuriy , Buiskykh Nataliia , Likhnyovskyi Ruslan , Horbachova Oleksandra , Tsapko Аleksii , Mazurchuk Serhii , Matviichuk Andrii , Sukhanevych Maryna
Published: September 2022

The issue related to using dry wood products for building structures is to ensure their stability and durability during operation while it is necessary to take into consideration changes in their properties and structure. Therefore, the object of this study was pine wood struck by drying out. It is proved that in the process of drying, wood porosity decreases, and, accordingly, the tensile strength, depending on the degree of damage by the fungus. Specifically, with the area of damage in the range of 30‒50 %, the strength limit decreases by more than 1.3 times, and if the fungus affects the area within 80÷100 %, the wood becomes softer, more ductile while the strength limit is reduced by 1.1 times. Based on the results of physicochemical studies, discrepancies in the IR spectra were identified, indicating structural changes in the constituent components of wood. There is a decrease or absence of intensities of absorption bands of some functional groups and the appearance or intensification of others. Wood samples, in determining the highest calorific value, show a difference in values, which is explained by structural changes in wood components caused by biological processes. Thermogravimetric analysis data indicate complete burnout of dry pine wood. However, for wood with tree stands not weakened by drying, the coke residue burns out at a higher temperature. Wood with blue pigmentation affected by microorganisms has significant differences in the heating area of 400÷700 °C. The nature of coke burnout allows us to make assumptions about the different qualitative and quantitative composition of the coke residue, which is formed due to structural changes. The practical significance is the fact that the results of determining the properties and structure of dry wood make it possible to establish the operating conditions for articles and building structures
Establishing patterns of change in the efficiency of regulated intersection operation considering the permitted movement directions
Authors: Boikiv Mykola , Postranskyy Taras , Afonin Maksym
Published: September 2022

The object of this study is a regulated intersection of city streets. The main task being solved is the reduction of queue lengths on approaches to such intersections by organizational measures. As a result of the research, patterns of change in queue lengths in front of the stop line were revealed, taking into consideration the specialization of traffic lanes and the distribution of traffic flows by directions. It was established that with an increase in the share of left-turning vehicles in the lane by 15 % and above, there is an increase in the length of the queue before the intersection from 45 to 80 m. The results indicate that when choosing a traffic pattern at the intersection, it is necessary to take into consideration not only the intensity of the flow itself but also the proportion of vehicles performing certain maneuvers (in this work, turning left is considered).
A feature of the results is that they are obtained using simulation tools. This research method has made it possible to derive the value of the length of the queue in front of the intersection, changing the load on the approach from 200 to 1000 vehicle/h and the share of left-turning vehicles from 5 to 15 %. In addition, using a simulation model, it was checked how the intersection functions under various traffic management schemes on it when the input parameters of traffic flows change.
The research results are recommended to be used in the development of traffic management schemes at regulated intersections. When determining the permitted directions of movement in the lanes, it is necessary to take into consideration the patterns of change in the length of queues before the intersection since under certain circumstances they may exceed critical values.
Improving the crack resistance of inclined cross-sections of reinforced concrete containment shells in areas of emergency loads of pushing
Authors: Karkhut Ihor
Published: September 2022

The object of this research was the crack resistance of inclined sections of concrete and reinforced concrete fragments of protective structures under the action of emergency dynamic loads. The characteristics of dangerous emergency dynamic loads on protective structures (seismic, aircraft attack), the experience of increasing the crack resistance of inclined sections with various materials and design measures under static effects have been described. Areas of influence of dynamic loads on reinforced concrete structures reinforced with horizontal grids near the upper and lower faces need to increase crack resistance and eliminate the risk of splitting in the mesh plane. Comparison of the results of experimental studies of inclined sections of protective structures in the area of influence of local emergency load showed the feasibility of such structural measures. Additional horizontal reinforcement near the pushing face increases crack resistance by 55–65 %. When using the developed theoretical dependences, the error in determining the cracking forces and pushing strength does not exceed 20.7 %.
Increased crack resistance is ensured by limiting the maximum diameters of the rods of horizontal grids and their pitch. Especially important is the arrangement of additional reinforcement in the middle zone, taking into account the actual tensile strength of concrete in the calculated dependences. Complete elimination of the danger of splitting in areas of probable action of emergency dynamic load in protective structures in the planes of the grids is recommended through the use of concrete of class not lower than C16/20, the use of reinforcement Ø12–14 mm. The optimal pitch of the rods is 50–125 mm. This makes it possible to increase the reliability of the design and operation of protective structures in case of emergency impacts, to reduce the cost of their repair after such impacts.
Applying a design mindset to develop a prototype of an electronic service for assessing the impact on the environment
Authors: Khrutba Victoriia , Kharchenko Anna , Khrutba Yuliia , Kolbasin Mykola , Tsybulskyi Vitalii , Silantieva Iuliia , Lysak Roksolana
Published: September 2022

The object of research considered in this paper is the design mindset process in the development of a prototype of electronic service for assessing the environmental impact of the planned activities of business entities. The problems of applying the design mindset approach to the process of automating environmental impact assessment have been investigated. As a result of the application of the design mindset in combination with the stakeholder approach, a logical-structural scheme and architecture of the electronic service interface for different categories of users have been developed. The peculiarities of the prototype of the electronic service of environmental impact assessment (EIA ES) are to provide a common understanding of the requirements and results obtained, and convenient access to the execution of calculations. Distinctive features for the implementation of calculations in EIA ES are the quantitative obtaining of the values of indicators, which are represented by a report in the form of qualitative parameters through the use of a new algorithm. This allows business entities to perform calculations of indicators using online access at the stage of preparing the report.
The developed interface design and functionality of the EIA prototype were evaluated by the expert method on a 10-point scale when making calculations for a real project. The effectiveness of the electronic service has been confirmed by the consistency of expert opinions in line with the concordation method. The estimated concordation coefficient was 0.83 and was checked for adequacy according to the Pearson criterion (20.75), which confirmed the reliability of the calculations at a significance level of 0.05.
The scope of application may be environmental impact assessment of transport construction objects and gas stations. The conditions for practical use are the availability of access to the Internet and the availability of sufficient user qualifications for performing calculations.
Identifying the influence of redispersed polymers on cement matrix properties
Authors: Kovalenko Yurii , Tokarchuk Volodymyr , Kovalenko Svitlana , Vasylkevych Oleksandr
Published: September 2022

The physical-mechanical influence and chemical effect of calcium formate, vinyl acetate/versatate, and vinyl-acrylate copolymer on the processes of solidification, hardening, and structure formation of the cement matrix were studied during the research reported here. The compositions of mixtures containing additives in the amount of 1, 3, and 5 wt % were investigated. Noteworthy is the water-holding nature of vinyl acetate/versatate and vinyl-acrylate copolymer. With the introduction of appropriate additives, an increase in working time of the mixtures is noted, which was manifested in prolonging the end time of solidification duration. Calcium formate reduced the end time of solidification duration with an increase in the content of the additive. During 28 days of hardening, a decrease in strength gain was observed with an increase in the content of the additive compared to control samples. At 1 wt % of the additive, the decline in strength on day 28 was 8.7 % for calcium formate, 13 % for versatate, and 15.5 % for vinyl-acrylate copolymer. For versatate and vinyl acrylate with the addition of 3 and 5 wt % in the mixture, the loss of strength is 23–25 % and 27–56.7 %, respectively. 5 wt % calcium formate admixture, compared to 3 wt %, on day 7 and day 28 of hardening has a higher strength index. This nature of the effect of additives is explained by the formation of polymer structures throughout the volume of the mixture with the introduction of versatate and copolymer vinyl acrylate, as well as their chemical interaction with the components of the cement binder during hydration in the formed alkaline medium. Calcium formate plays the role of both a filler and a hardening accelerator due to the introduction of an additional amount of calcium ions.
The reported results can be used as a basis for continuing to study the effect of redispersed additives on the durability of cement articles, the development of new formulations for building mixtures, and their potential use in the production of concrete.
Determining foaming regularities enabled by a five-nozzle foam generator for drilling technologies under conditions of abnormally low pressures
Authors: Kaliuzhnyi Anatolii , Molchanov Petro , Savyk Vasyl , Knysh Maksym , Yaremiychuk Roman
Published: September 2022

When studying the construction of oil and gas wells, it was found that the volume of drilling wells with abnormally low reservoir pressures increases over the years. This is due to significant difficulties such as a large absorption of drilling mud, possible clogging of a productive reservoir with drilling mud, and a failure to obtain the expected effect. These complications can be prevented by using gas-liquid mixtures as drilling mud, which have a number of advantages compared to washing liquids and make it possible to eliminate the above-mentioned negative phenomena. When opening productive horizons at low anomaly coefficients, foams must be used to flush wells. It has been established that at present in the practice of drilling oil and gas wells with foam there is no equipment that makes it possible to form foam with certain specified structure and dispersion. The use of a modernized foam generator for the preparation of foam has been proposed. To study the foaming process, computer modeling was carried out, with the help of which the processes that take place during the movement of flows of liquid, gas, and gas-liquid mixture along the foam generator were investigated, namely the distribution of pressure and speed in the longitudinal cross-section of the foam generator under changing boundary conditions, that is, at a pressure in the supply pipe of 10 and 7.5 MPa.
Computer studies have confirmed the possibility of using an improved foam generator design to increase the efficiency of foaming. The results could be the basis for the development of foam generators and their experimental and industrial research and testing.
Investigation of flexural and shear failure modes of tapered castellated steel beams using expansion plates
Authors: Al-Kannoon Muslim Abdul-Ameer , AL-Thabhawee Hayder Wafi
Published: September 2022

Using modern technologies for fabricating steel, I-beams can be easily made by welding, and hot-rolled beams can often be produced at an economical price with slender webs and equal flanges. Experimental and theoretical studies of the behavior of tapered castellated steel beams were carried out. Due to the cost reductions associated with tapered castellated steel beams, they are a feasible alternative to prismatic components. This study assessed the influence of tapered castellation on the bending capacity and flexural stiffness of tapered castellated steel beams (TCBs) with simply supported end conditions experimentally and theoretically. Four three-point bending tests on TCBs with H/h values of 1, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.6 were conducted utilizing a standard parent I-section beam (IPE140) as the control specimen. The test findings include the ultimate load vs. mid-span deflection response curves and failure mechanisms. The testing findings indicated that the TCBs' ultimate load capacity might be up to 140 percent of that of the parent section. The Abaqus program was used to conduct a finite element (FE) analysis of TCB, which allows for material and geometric nonlinearity. The derived finite element models exhibit excellent agreement with the experimental results in terms of ultimate load capacity vs. mid-span deflection response and failure mechanisms. Based on the results of the work, TCBs can be used for increasing the strength and stiffness of the I-section parent beam with adding expansion plates. The maximum load capacity of TCBs can be enhanced when adding expansion plates up to 40 % above that of the parent beam. A TCB has lower ductility than its parent beam. Moreover, a TCB fulfills serviceability requirements since its mid-span depth exceeds that of its parent beam.
Determining critical control points for processing melon fruits
Authors: Uikassova Zaira , Azimova Sanavar , Tlevlessova Dinara , Galoburda Ruta
Published: September 2022

To properly ensure the quality of products from melon fruits, it is necessary to develop a production technology with the introduction of the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) system. Methods for prolonging the shelf life of freshly cut melon have been considered in this paper. The stages of processing technology and risks were considered; methods for improving the quality of melon processing products have been proposed.
The objects of this study were melon fruits. Melon is a low-calorie fragrant fruit, with juicy pulp and thin skin; it is a seasonal product. Consequently, its shelf life is short. Due to its juiciness, melon perfectly quenches thirst, supports work of the nervous system.
A study has been conducted to determine the level of microbial contamination and establish critical control points associated with melon processing. Samples were collected in the Southern regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Selected samples of melons were subjected to microbiological analysis. Microbiological parameters are affected by the temperature and duration of treatment. Thus, it is determined that when processing melon without refrigeration, it is not possible to save the product. A condition for the storage of the product is the pre-cooling of melon fruits before processing to refrigeration temperature.
The results were used to assess the relevant critical control points, in relation to raw materials, contamination, process requirements and contact of ingredients with equipment. The observed contaminants common to all specimens and regardless of producers were staphylococci aureus, Salmonella spp, Bacillus spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus. The study has found that the monitoring and control of critical control points (CCP) ensures the quality of melon products. The measures taken were effective; based on the studies carried out, a technological scheme for processing melon fruits was developed.
A relevant issue is to ensure the availability of melon products all year round; ensuring the safety of these products is the most important task and the goal of the study. The most important risk to human health when eating melon and processed products from it is poisoning caused by microorganisms, therefore, the greatest risk is microbiological contamination of fruits during processing. The results can be used in the production of long-term storage products from melon fruits, to better ensure the quality and safety of the finished product and are recommended in canning and juice production.
Improving the production technology of functional paste-like fruit-and-berry semi-finished products
Authors: Zagorulko Aleksey , Zahorulko Andrii , Kasabova Kateryna , Chuiko Lyudmila , Yakovets Lyudmila , Pugach Andrii , Barabolia Olha , Lavruk Vladyslav
Published: September 2022

The object of this study is a functional fruit-and-berry paste for health purposes with the selection of components (apples, Ziziphus jujuba, blueberries), which are sources of dietary fiber, vitamin C, low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds and phytosterols, which are used as an immunostimulant to create products with cholesterol-lowering effect.  The task to increase the content of these substances is solved by concentrating in a rotary film evaporator (RFE) under mild regime parameters (60...65 °C) to a dry matter (DM) content of 30...32 % for 45...50 s and by the pasteurization of concentrated paste in a scraper heat exchanger (SHE) at a temperature of 95...98 °C followed by packing.
The effective viscosity (Pa·s) of the mixtures of the original purees (DM 16...17 %) and resulting pastes (30...32 %) has been determined and its increase was found in the pastes compared to puree, by 1.65...1.85 times. The obtained data indicate a strengthening of the structure of the resulting functional paste, which, compared to control, has an effective viscosity of 3.6 times more. A significant advantage has a paste containing 45 % of apple; 35 % of Ziziphus jujuba; 20 % of blueberries. It is characterized by an enhanced content of dietary fiber, by 3.8 times; vitamin C, by 2.25 times; low-molecular polyphenolic compounds and tannins, phytosterols. Therefore, it can be used as an immunostimulant to manufacture products with cholesterol-lowering effect.
It was established that in order to effectively conduct the process of concentration in RFE and subsequent pasteurization in SHE, it is rational to grind puree to a particle size within 0.1...0.5 mm. The heat transfer coefficient when concentrating samples with a particle size of 0.5 mm has a higher rate, by 6 %, compared to the sample with a particle size of 1.5 mm. The technology could be introduced at the enterprises of the canning and confectionery industries
Synthesis and characterization of kaolinite-based granular adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Cr(VI) from contaminated water
Authors: Kholodko Yurii , Bondarieva Antonina , Tobilko Viktoriia , Pavlenko Volodymyr , Melnychuk Oleksandr , Glukhovskyi Vladislav
Published: September 2022

The object of this study is granular adsorbents based on kaolinite and zero-valent iron. The ceramic mass for their preparation contained polyvinyl alcohol as a powder-forming additive. It was established that its addition in quantities of 1.8–3.3 % practically does not change the porosity of the granules but increases their strength. X-ray phase and chemical analyzes confirmed the presence of a layer of zero-valent iron on the surface of the granules. The structural and sorption characteristics of sorption materials have been studied and the calculations of the main parameters of their porous structure were carried out. It is shown that when modifying granules with zero-valent iron, there is a decrease in the specific surface area and micropores volume for samples without a powder-forming additive by almost 2 times compared to the original granules. Moreover, these values almost do not change for samples obtained with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol. It was found that the application of the reaction layer to the granules leads to a significant increase in their sorption capacity with respect to heavy metal ions Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Cr(VI). It has been shown that the resulting adsorbents can be used for wastewater treatment containing a mixture of these toxicants. It was found that the values of maximum sorption on modified samples are 10–20 times higher than those for the original granules. A feature of the obtained adsorbents is the ability to simultaneously remove metal ions, both in the form of cations and anions. A significant increase in the sorption values of Cr(VI) anionic forms, which are difficult to remove from water by natural ion exchangers, has been established. It has been shown that granules based on kaolinite and zero-valent iron are effective adsorbents for water purification from heavy metal ions. The resulting materials can be used for wastewater treatment of electroplating industries and hydrometallurgical industry
Application of intensive technologies for improved production processes in poultry farms
Authors: Hajiyev Rovshan Mustafa , Salmanova Kamala , Mammadov Gabil , Taghiyev Urfan
Published: September 2022

One of the important problems in the modern world is to provide the population with high-quality food. So, today the agricultural sector faces the main task of increasing the production of agricultural products, as well as the use of agricultural waste. Poultry farming is one of the main branches of the agricultural sector. The main task facing farmers is to improve the conditions and technology for feeding and keeping farm birds, and one of the important tasks is the state of indoor air in this regard, the problem remains open. Therefore, the main way to solve this problem is the preferred transition to intensive technologies in order to realize the efficiency potential in poultry farming. However, the intensification of the area increases the anthropogenic load on the environment. The main source of environmental risk is the systems of disposal of bird droppings. Our research has shown that 85 % of the negative impact on the environment is caused by poultry and animal husbandry waste. Lighting also plays an important role in poultry farming. Thus, lighting is the basis for electricity consumption. Both natural and industrial lighting is important for the physiology of birds and their development, but, unfortunately, it is quite energy-intensive. In this regard, the idea of solving this problem is being created, it is the development and application of new, efficient, inexpensive and environmentally friendly technologies that are important for large-scale research. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account that most poultry farms are equipped with simple mechanical ventilation systems without cooling. So, an increase in productivity is possible through the introduction of intensive technologies, while the economic assessment of the use of evaporation plants, the disposal of bird droppings and LED lighting can be of practical importance.