bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXCLUSÃO SOCIAL E OS DIREITOS HUMANOS NA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Lewis (CIHJur e Faculdade Damas) Susan
Published: April 2017

Este artigo aborda questões relacionadas à contemporaneidade, com seus modelos econômicos e ideológicos ensejados a partir do colapso do comunismo e hegemonia do capitalismo. Tal situação gerou e tem gerado consequências significativas e profundas nos âmbitos sociais, a exemplo do que ocorre em países considerados subdesenvolvidos ou em desenvolvimento. É o que podemos observar na América Latina, região que apresenta altos índices de desigualdade, onde a lógica do mercado, o consumo exacerbado e a preponderância do capital ameaçam os direitos humanos indispensáveis para que ocorra, de fato, a cidadania.
RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO: GARANTIAS E LIMITES
Authors: Cavalcanti (UFPE) Marcela Sarmento
Published: April 2017

Na responsabilidade civil dos Estabelecimentos de Ensino há uma incidência de vários dispositivos legais. A Escola privada é responsável pelo cumprimento pleno do contrato de prestação de serviços educacionais; está inserida na relação de consumo, pois se apresenta como fornecedora de serviços; as Instituições de Ensino respondem civilmente pelo ato de um de seus educandos.
DO CRIME DE SONEGAÇÃO AO CRIME CONTRA A ORDEM TRIBUTÁRIA. ANÁLISE HISTÓRICA, POLÍTICA E JURÍDICA DO TIPO PENAL E DA EXTINÇÃO DA PUNIBILIDADE. A EFETIVA REPRISTINAÇÃO DO ARTIGO 34 DA LEI 9.249/95
FROM TAX EVASION CRIME TO THE CRIME AGAINST TAX LEGAL ORDER. LEGAL, POLITICAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF CRIME AND PENALTY EXTINCTION
Authors: Brito (USP) Alexis Couto de , Vanzolini (Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie) Maria Patrícia
Published: April 2017

O texto tem com objetivo principal analisar a última alteração sobre o regime penal tributário nacional ocorrida em 2011. Para isso divide-se em três partes. A primeira analisa a evolução da sonegação tributária no Direito Penal brasileiro desde seu surgimento até o presente momento, observando todos os tipos penais relacionados ao tributo, sua fundamentação política e a discussão jurisprudencial atrelada a eles. Na segunda parte discorre sobre a legitimidade de um Direito Penal tributário diante das seguidas propostas de extinção da punibilidade mediante o pagamento do tributo devido. Por fim, faz uma detalhada investigação política na conformação dos projetos de lei e do texto final da lei 12.382, de 25 de fevereiro de 2011 e da possibilidade de repristinação de artigo de lei revogado de forma tácita.
LENIENCY POLICY IN EUROPEAN CARTEL ENFORCEMENT
Authors: Oppermann (Leibniz University of Hannover) Bernd
Published: April 2017

Leniency programs stand for a rather easy collection of evidence and intel-ligence. Added value is achieved by hindering upcoming and maintain-ing cartels to develop an organiza-tional structure. Leniency also in-creases uncertainty on the side of the cartel members and makes it more difficult for cartel participants to reach an agreement. Furthermore, the costs of adjudicating are decreased by the legal goal-oriented activity of whistle blowers. Therefore, the leniency programs of the EU and of the most member states proved to be a success story on the one hand. In contrary, there are a few adverse effects. In a theoretical approach, the notion of leniency is contradictory since blowing the whistle is the second best choice only. To make the exemption to become the rule gives wrong incentives to the market members to opt for the first best choice in order to build a cartel either not punished or not discovered and keep silent. For quite some principle reasoning such view would create an obstacle. Moreover practically, some adverse effects have been discussed. For my part, the most crucial notion is that leniency programs are thought to help to find out well hidden cartels, in other words to encourage discovery in hard cases. Instead, leniency is not eligible to be the main tool of lazy cartel enforcement. For regular investigation, there are other incentives in the law of discovery, in procedural law, and last but not least in private enforcement due to the action provided by the legal order of member states. However, I would not hesitate to vote for its limited supplementary use in cartel matters.
A COMPREENSÃO DA GREVE NO DIREITO DO TRABALHO, A PARTIR DAS DOUTRINAS POLÍTICAS: A BUSCA DA EMANCIPAÇÃO SOCIAL E DO RESGATE DA DIGNIDADE HUMANA
UNDERSTANDING THE STRIKE IN LABOR LAW ON THE BASIS OF POLITICAL DOCTRINE: THE SEARCH OF SOCIAL EMPOWERMENT AND RESCUE HUMAN DIGNITY
Authors: Esteves (UFPE) Juliana Teixeira , Lira (UFPE) Fernanda Barreto
Published: April 2017

O estudo destina-se a narrar o nascimento e a evolução da greve. Para tanto, analisa a forma como o Direito assimilou o instituto, pontuando a profunda alteração da percepção jurídica sobre a intercorrência sociológica. Observa, também, a influência das diversas doutrinas anticapitalistas sobre a formação e as estratégias do movimento. Enfim, delineia uma linha do tempo da greve, para, olhando para o passado, pregar uma ressignificação do instituto no presente e no futuro.
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A EVOLUÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DO CONTRADITÓRIO NO PROCESSO PENAL
NOTES ABOUT THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONTRADICTORY PRINCIPLE IN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS
Authors: Pinto (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) Felipe Martin
Published: April 2017

Este texto traz uma análise história do princípio do contraditório existente no Processo Penal.
LAVAGEM DE DINHEIRO E O ADVOGADO: RECEBIMENTO DE HONORÁRIOS
MONEY LAUNDERING AND LAWYER: FEES RECEIVED
Authors: Coutinho (UFPr) Jacinto Nelson de Miranda , Carvalho (Universidade Positivo) Edward Rocha de
Published: April 2017

Um dos assuntos mais importantes em discussão no campo do Direito penal e do Direito processual penal, pelas inúmeras faces que apresenta, é aquele da relação lavagem de dinheiro-advogado e, particularmente – no que interessa ao presente estudo –, naquilo em que ela, a referida relação, toca com o recebimento de honorários. É este o objeto da presente investigação.
TRAJETÓRIA DOGMÁTICA DO TIPO DE ABORTO
DOGMATIC JOURNEY OF THE TYPE OF ABORTION
Authors: Brandão (PUC-Minas / Faculdade Damas) Cláudio
Published: April 2017

A tipicidade do delito de aborto é uma das mais extensas e complexas, do ponto do vista da dogmática, ante a legislação penal pátria e é efetuada nos artigos 124 usque 128 do Código Penal. Com efeito, encontramos aqui dois tipos incriminatórios e um tipo permissivo, a saber: no primeiro caso temos o delito de aborto com o consentimento da gestante e o delito de aborto sem o consentimento da gestante; na segunda hipótese temos o aborto legal.
PARA ALÉM DAS AMBIVALÊNCIAS: POR UMA POLÍTICA CRIMINAL DESENCARCERADORA
TO BEYOND OF THE AMBIVALENCE: IN SEARCH OF A DEINCARCERATION CRIMINAL POLICY
Authors: Aleixo (PUC-MG) Klelia Canabrava
Published: April 2017

A política criminal foi constituída como política penal estatal voltada para a defesa da sociedade contra o crime. Ocorre que da promessa de controle da violência o sistema penal passou a constituir um instrumento de violência institucional. Ele mostrou-se incapaz de proteger bens jurídicos, de conter a violência da punição, de combater a criminalidade e de promover segurança jurídica. O sistema prisional brasileiro, seletivo e discriminatório, reflete a deslegitimação do sistema penal. A política criminal contemporânea é marcada pela ambivalência existente entre a convivência de políticas que estimulam o aprisionamento com políticas que ressaltam a necessidade da sua redução. Tem prevalecido as políticas que tem a prisão como principal resposta ao crime. Pretende-se ressaltar a urgência da constituição e implementação de uma política criminal de ruptura, que priorize ações voltadas para o desencarceramento e para a desaceleração do encarceramento que se encontra em constante ascensão no Brasil.
CONTROLE SOCIAL JURÍDICO VERSUS TERRORISMO E MEDO
SOCIAL LEGAL CONTROL VERSUS TERRORISM AND FEAR
Authors: Rocha (UFC) Maria Vital da , Lopes (UFC) Lidiane Moura
Published: April 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos jurídicos que cercam permeiam o estudo do terrorismo no Brasil e em alguns países, tais como os Estados Unidos e a França, considerados alvos em potencial das ações terroristas mais violentas e recentes. Neste sentido, começamos com o estudo da definição de terrorismo e de atos terroristas, de utilização frequente em nossos dias, mas que carece ainda de um conteúdo que respeite os princípios orientadores do moderno Direito Penal. A Teoria do Direito Penal do Inimigo é analisada em conjunto com as medidas adotadas no combate ao terror, que a pretexto de conferir maior segurança, por vezes violam direitos e garantias fundamentais, colocando em questão a necessidade de preservar a segurança jurídica em ponderação com a segurança coletiva que a sociedade espera do Estado.
DIREITO PENAL E CRIMINALIDADE INFORMÁTICA. BREVES APROXIMAÇÕES DOGMÁTICAS
CRIMINAL LAW AND CYBERCRIMES. BRIEF DOGMATIC APPROACHES
Authors: D’Avila (PUC/RS) Fabio Roberto , Santos (PUC/RS) Daniel Leonhardt dos
Published: April 2017

Nosso tempo não tem uma única feição. Se, por um lado, é verdade que a informática longe está de dar conta de tantas e tão profundas transformações, por outro, não se pode negar que ela mudou, de forma radical, o modo do homem relacionar-se com o mundo e com o tempo. A informática permitiu o tempo instantâneo e, simultaneamente, a compressão do espaço. As comunicações já não encontram fronteiras físicas. A velocidade passa a pautar as relações humanas. A essa nova e tão intensa dimensão relacional corresponde, por decorrência lógica, novos conflitos, a que é chamado também o direito penal. Parte deles, é verdade, já conhecidos e regulados pela legislação penal. Delitos que encontram na informática apenas um novo espaço e novas formas de realização. Outros, porém, dotado de novas características, colocam dificuldades não só na delimitação da matéria de incriminação, como, até mesmo, na identificação dos valores tutelados pela norma. Tendo em vista o estado ainda insipiente do direito positivo, bem como as particularidades locais de cada ordem jurídica, buscamos ter em conta alguns problemas comuns e particularmente sensíveis a nossa tradição jurídico-penal, tendo como referência as proposições da Convenção de Budapeste e a Decisão-quadro 2005/222/JAI do Conselho, sem, todavia, descuidar do direito positivo brasileiro.
Transformaciones institucionales tendientes a captar financiamiento externo: características y dinámicas del endeudamiento de la economía argentina en los años noventa
Authors: Manzo Alejandro Gabriel
Published: April 2017

During the nineties Argentina’s foreign debt grew at an accelerated and incompatible rate with the viability of the in force convertibility regime. Foreign exchange earnings, their financial appraisal and subsequent remittance abroad became, over the years, the main mechanism of expansion of big business settled in the country. This article examines how the institutional reforms pushed on at the beginning of the decade enabled / fostered the implementation of this financial circuit, synthetically accounting for its nature and functions. This study was performed taking as empirical reference the laws through which these reforms were instrumentalized and the statistical data from secondary analysis sources.
Disparidades salariales y la tasa interna de retorno a la educación privada en los docentes de la Universidad del Cauca
Authors: Sánchez Andrés Gómez , Gutiérrez Zoraida Ramírez
Published: April 2017

Este documento tiene por objetivo encontrar la tasa interna de retorno a laeducación privada de los docentes de la Universidad del Cauca (Popayán,Colombia) controlada por un conjunto de variables sociales y económicas.Para lograrlo, se construyen modelos econométricos exentos de problemas deendogeneidad y sesgos de selección muestral, ya que incluye la productividadacadémica del docente como variable instrumental y adicionalmente se cuentacon información poblacional. Los resultados evidencian, entre muchos otros,que en general la tasa de retorno es baja para los docentes de la universidaden comparación con las halladas para toda Colombia, y como ya es un patrónnacional y mundial, dicha tasa es inferior para las mujeres que para los hombres.
Competencias argumentativas de los estudiantes de derecho en el marco de las pruebas Saber-Pro
Authors: Durango Rafael Betancourt , Cano Ladis Frías
Published: April 2017

En el contexto de la formación universitaria de los abogados, las competenciasargumentativas constituyen el insumo vital para el desempeño destacado deestos profesionales en el medio laboral; por eso desde el direccionamientoestatal se ha propendido por diseñar, acopiando el modelo de pruebas Saber-Pro, componentes genéricos y específicos de evaluación que respaldan laapropiación de habilidades lectoescriturales y de literacidad en los estudiantesde derecho que se enfrentan al examen de Estado. Con el presente artículode investigación se pretende dar a conocer a la comunidad académica losindicadores de desempeño en las pruebas Saber-Pro, que reflejan los estudiantesadscritos al Programa de Derecho de la Institución Universitaria de Envigado,vistos desde el análisis de las competencias argumentativas.
La moda y sus figuras de mujer: tópicos para leer a Domingo Sarmiento en momentos fundacionales de la nación en Argentina
Authors: Goldwaser Yankelevich Nathalie R.
Published: April 2017

En el presente escrito se afirma que en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, la mujer estuvo invisibilizada en la fundación de la nación en Argentina, qua sujeto de derechos políticos. Sin embargo, la intelligentsia de aquella época la notaba factor de transformación de nuevas tendencias aunque también de conservación de ciertas costumbres. Domingo F. Sarmiento ha dejado testimonios insoslayables del lugar de las figuras de la mujer en relación con la moda no solo en cuanto a estilos, indumentaria y costumbres, sino también en novedades culturales, sociales y políticas. La moda, a su vez, participó de la problemática de la época: la tensión entre la civilización y la barbarie, las diferencias entre los sexos y su vínculo problemático sobre la igualdad y la libertad.
Análisis de eficiencia del sector industrial manufacturero en cinco países suramericanos, 1995-2008
Authors: Molina Romero Adriana María , Castro Ariztizábal Geovanny
Published: April 2017

Este artículo calcula la eficiencia técnica de cinco países suramericanos en la industria manufacturera durante 1995-2008. A través de un análisis de frontera estocástica se estima la eficiencia para probar si la aglomeración contribuye a acercar más a su frontera de productividad eficiente. Se emplea una función de producción translogarítmica, porque permite cambios tecnológicos y variaciones en las proporciones de insumos y productos de la elasticidad de escala. Los resultados muestran que en el sector manufacturero no se generaron ni mejoramientos en la eficiencia técnica ni cambios tecnológicos durante los catorce años. La evidencia sugiere que las variables ambientales determinadas por la formación bruta de capital fijo total o solo en maquinaria y equipo influyen en el comportamiento del sector.
Responsabilidad social en el gobierno y gestión de las universidades estatales chilenas
Authors: Gaete Quezada Ricardo
Published: April 2017

Se estudia la presencia de la responsabilidad social en planes estratégicos, organigramas y modelos educativos como ámbitos de gobierno y gestión de las universidades estatales chilenas, utilizando un enfoque de investigación cuantitativo –análisis de contenido– para determinar su frecuencia de aparición. Los resultados muestran una baja participación en la misión institucional y levemente superior en el resto de aspectos del gobierno y gestión universitaria analizados. Lo anterior, no implica un actuar socialmente irresponsable de las universidades de la muestra, pero sí puede transformarse en una barrera importante para avanzar en la incorporación de la responsabilidad social en la cultura y quehacer institucional en el largo plazo, como un elemento de la política pública de educación superior en Chile.
Freud como lector de Nietzsche. La influencia de Nietzsche en la obra de Freud
Authors: Drivet Leandro
Published: April 2017

Este artículo pretende contribuir a la comprensión de la índole de la influencia del pensamiento nietzscheano en la obra de Freud. Para cumplir con este objetivo se realiza un análisis exhaustivo de los textos de Nietzsche y de Freud, se examinan las respectivas biografías y se revisa la bibliografía especializada en los vínculos entre ambos autores. Con base en las evidencias recogidas, se concluye con una reflexión que elabora la compleja relación de Freud con Nietzsche desde el concepto de lo ominoso, que es clave para entender la historia y la deriva del pensamiento freudiano. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22518/16578953.484
Claudio Calabrese (2014). Heidegger. Desde la experiencia del pensar. Debajo y a través de los altos abetos
Authors: Saeteros Tamara
Published: April 2017

He interpretado el llamado heideggeriano a “dejar que el ser se manifieste” como un intento de que el conocimiento, en el sentido más amplio que pueda dársele, no quede prisionero de la medida humana.(Calabrese, 2014, p. 86).
Tendencias investigativas que delimitan los campos de actuación del trabajo social en la gestión social
Authors: Martinez Carolina Ramirez
Published: April 2017

Dado el creciente uso de la gestión social en el quehacer de diferentes disciplinas entre ellas el trabajo social, el presente artículo busca delimitar cuatro campos de actuación que le permitirán al Grupo de Investigación Innovación Social (Insol) de la Universidad Simón Bolívar (Cúcuta, Colombia), abordar de manera específica proyectos que profundicen en estos saberes. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa de corte documental, rastreando bases epistémicas de la gestión y el trabajo social; se indagaron además los grupos de investigación y programas académicos de trabajo social y ciencias sociales que relacionan la gestión social y se llegó a establecer como campos de actuación: la gestión para el desarrollo disciplinar; desarrollo y políticas; desarrollo, territorio, redes y organizaciones y gerencia, planificación y administración. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22518/16578953.546
Study on the development of the relations between China and Latin American (SinoLATAM) in the context of globalization
Authors: Hesheng Fan
Published: April 2017

With the steady growth of economic globalization and global governance of international affairs, the relationship between China and Latin America has demonstrated a stable and rapid development trend. In the new era, China and Latin America should strengthen their ties in the theme of “peace and development”, establish a community of common destiny and build a cooperative community win-win community for common development, so as to form an invincible community of common culture. Though the relations between China and Latin America (SinoLATAM) face a series of internal and external contradictions, it is necessary to see the wide perspectives that are behind the above mentioned contradictions in order to promote the steady development of bilateral and multilateral relations, deepen political trust, expand areas of economic and commercial cooperation, increase the reciprocity of win-win and lay a solid foundation for the global development of China and Latin America.
De la ciencia deductiva de Sherlock Holmes al mundo de la cotidianidad de Alfred Schütz: una reflexión en torno a la relación sujeto-objeto
Authors: Moreno Aponte Rodrigo
Published: April 2017

El artículo hace una analogía entre las investigaciones del protagonista de las novelas policíacas de Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes, y la epistemología. De ahí se pone en evidencia la distancia entre el sujeto y objeto. Se toma una postura crítica frente a esto, para sustentar la idea del vínculo del investigador con su objeto de estudio desde la propuesta fenomenológica del mundo de la cotidianidad de Alfred Schütz. Se expone la distancia que el sociólogo austriaco tiene de las ideas de Husserl, y que le permiten relacionar sus planteamientos con la acción social en la investigación en ciencias sociales.
Executive Bonus Contract Characteristics and Share Repurchases
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Ng Jeff
Published: April 2017

We examine the importance of bonus contract characteristics, specifically, with respect to the relation between EPS-based bonuses and share repurchases. We find that managers are more (less) likely to repurchase shares and spend more (less) on repurchases when as-if EPS just misses (exceeds) the bonus threshold (maximum) EPS level. We find no such relation when as-if EPS is further below the threshold. We find weak evidence that managers of firms with as-if EPS just below the EPS target are more likely to repurchase shares and spend more on repurchases relative to firms with as-if EPS just above the EPS target. We further find that the incentive-zone slopes specified in the bonus contracts are positively associated with share repurchases. Managers making bonus-motivated repurchases do so at a higher cost. Together, our results highlight the importance of compensation design in motivating managers' behavior and aligning managers' incentives with shareholders.

JEL Classifications: M41; M52.
Enterprise Content Risk Management: A Conceptual Framework for Digital Asset Risk Management
Authors: Raschke Robyn L. , Mann Arti
Published: April 2017

Growth of data is exponential and as the organization's information needs for internal decision making expands from data in traditional systems to a variety of new sources both within the organizational boundaries and extended to external sources, the need for governance of these new digital assets is imperative. This paper proposes the Enterprise Content Risk Management (ECRM) framework. ECRM is a synthesis of COSO-ERM and Enterprise Content Management (ECM) frameworks. The ECRM leverages the strengths of the COSO-ERM overarching framework while focusing on the data lifecycle perspective of the Enterprise Content Management for organizational governance and compliance of digital assets. The proposed ECRM approach provides a framework for organizations to mitigate the risk associated with the rapid growth and inappropriate use of both structured and unstructured data.
CHARACTERIZATION OF ENVELOPE E PROTEIN OF DENGUE VIRUS INDNESIA ISOLATE
Authors: F A Rantam , Soetjipto Soetjipto , Y P Dachlan
Published: April 2017

Dengue virus is a human pathogen that has as an increasingly important public health threat. These virus have four serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4). There is no specific treatment for any pathogenic dengue virus and there are few vaccines available. This study was carry out to E protein characterization from dengue virus infected C5/36 cells for vaccine candidate. We found that E protein induced antibody response. The data of the reactivity on the nitrocellulose membrane between E protein against polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on western blot analysis, shown that the E protein whisc was once of dengue virus protein has immunogenic. The Indonesia isolate had no difference with the Phillipine isolate. The result suggested that all of the E protein dengue virus strain have peptides overlapping. Also promising for he production of immunogenic particulate proteins, especially DEN protein for the four strains.
POLA PENIJAHAN UDANG AIR TAWAR Macrobrachium sintangense De Man: PENGAMATAN SEMUSIM DI RANU KLINDUNGAN PASURUAN
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Indinah Indinah , Sudarmanto Hani
Published: April 2017

The spawning pattern of Macrobrachium sintangense (de man) population in Klindungan pond (Ranu Klindungan) was observed. The number of eggs carrying female was count and high proportion of these female was found in August and February. This result indicate that there was two period of spawning in this population.
PERSISTENSI TOKSISITAS BIOINSEKTISIDA SPHEREFIXTM PADA BEBERAPA TIPE TEMPAT PERINDUKAN NYAMUK Aedesaegypti L.
Authors: Salamun Salamun , Husein S A , Rosmanida Rosmanida , Winarni Dwi , Nurhariyati Tri
Published: April 2017

Spherefix bioinsecticide is microbial agent of Bacillus sphaericus H-5a5b (VCRC B24) showing high potency for vector control. The bioinsecticide specific to target insect, and do not produce any adverse environmental impact, so the bioinsecticide would be very promising agent for vector control, especially vector of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Indonesia. The present studies aimed at observing the toxicity persistence of Spherefix on the larvae Aedesaegypti L. in some types of water container, and recycling potencies in the breeding places of A.aegypti. Two steps of the studies were carried out under laboratory conditions. Firststeps were reared mosquitos in the laboratory to supply larvae of Aedes aegypti. Second step testing of Spherefix toxicity persistence in the cemented, clay, and plastic containiers. The bioinsecticides were preparated by Vector Control Research Centre (VCRC), India. The toxicity persistence of Spherefix on the larvae of A. aegypti L. in some types of water container were decided by probit analysis. The toxicity persistence tests were carried out by time series observation on the day 1, 6, 12,,,, and 120. The result showed that difference toxicity persistence of the Spherefix in the breeding places of A. aegypti. The cemented container was found to have longest of toxicity persistence of the Spherefix followed by the plastic container, and the clay container ha the shortest duration toxicity persistence. The higher concentration of the boinsecticides, will result in higher toxicity persistence. The Spherefix showed recycling potency in the breeding places of A. aegypti. Percent motility of the larvae dropped sharply after day 50, and larvae mortality under 5 percent after day 78.
EFFECT OF ECP ON THE STIMULATION OF LEUCOCYTE NUMBER AND PHAGOCYTOSIS OF JAPANESE EEL Anguilla japonica AGAINST Edwardseilla tarda NUF251
Authors: Suprapto Hari
Published: April 2017

The extra cellular product (ECP) was rapidly induced leucocyte number compared to Edwardseilla tarda NUF251 in eel blood. The reason could be live cells need time to multiplied in eel body whereas the ECP composed of high protein therefore induce the leucocyte production in short time. The number of leucocyte in eel blood were not different between inactivated ECP and control eels. Although the leucocyte number increased gradually in live cells injected eel but have not correlation to increasing phagocytosis index (PI) in vivo phagocytosis. The PI and phagocytic rate (PR) of in vivo phagocytosis relatively constant from 24-96 h post injection.
KEJADIAN PENYAKIT RADANG PARU Pneumonia DAN ENTERISTIS PADA BEKANTAN Nasalis larvatus DI KEBUN BINATANG SURABAYA
Authors: Sardjana I Komang Wiarsa
Published: April 2017

Incidence of Pneumonia and Enteistis on the proboscis monkey as Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus) was done at the Surabaya Zoological Gardens. Sixty one proboscis monkeys were evacuated from their habitat in Kaget island, south Kalimantan because of the habitat destruction. Thirty seven Proboscis monkeys were dead of Pneumonia and Enteritis by worms parasite infection. The preventive and treatment program with anti-biotherapy, liquid pertusion and anthelmentica have already been done as well as nutrition quality improvement and living environment to save the animals at Surabaya Zoological Gardens.
Turbo codes and turbo algorithms
Authors: Berrou Claude , Langlais Charlotte , Yu Yi
Published: April 2017

In the first part of this paper, several basic ideas that prompted the coming of turbo codes are commented on. We then present some personal points of view on the main advances obtained in past years on turbo coding and decoding such as the circular trellis termination of recursive systematic convolutional codes and double-binary turbo codes associated with Max-Log-MAP decoding. A novel evaluation method, called genieinitialised iterative processing (GIIP), is introduced to assess the error performance of iterative processing. We show that using GIIP produces a result that can be viewed as a lower bound of the maximum likelihood iterative decoding and detection performance. Finally, two wireless communication systems are presented to illustrate recent applications of the turbo principle, the first one being multiple-input/multiple-output channel iterative detection and the second one multi-carrier modulation with linear precoding.
Space-Time Coding: an Overview
Authors: Caire Giuseppe , Elia Petros , Kumar K. Raj
Published: April 2017

This work provides an overview of the fundamental aspects and of some recent advances in space-time coding (STC). Basic information theoretic results on Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) fading channels, pertaining to capacity, diversity, and to the optimal Diversity Multiplexing Tradeoff (DMT), are reviewed. The code design for the quasi-static, outage limited, fading channel is recognized as the most challenging and innovative with respect to traditional “Gaussian” coding. Then, a survey of STC constructions is presented. This culminates with the description of families of codes that are optimal with respect to the DMT criterion and have error performance that is very close to the information theoretic limits. The paper concludes with some important recent topics, including open problems in STC design.
High throughput implementation of an adaptive serial concatenation turbo decoder
Authors: Martina Maurizio , Molino Andrea , Vacca Fabrizio , Masera Guido , Montorsi Guido
Published: April 2017

The complete design of a new high throughput adaptive turbo decoder is described. The developed system isprogrammable in terms of block length, code rate and modulation scheme, which can be dinamically changed from frame to frame, according to varied channel conditions or user requirements. A parallel architecture with 16 concurrent SISOs has been adopted to achieve a decoding throughput as high as 35 Mbit/s with 10 iterations, while error correcting performance are within 1dB from the capacity limit. The whole system, including the iterativedecoder itself, de-mapping and de-puncturing units, as well as the input double buffer, has been mapped to a single FPGA device, running at 80 MHz, with a percentage occupation of 54%.
Anomali Imbuhan Pada Segmen Zona Transfer Sistem Fluvial Cikapundung, Jawa Barat
Authors: Tanuwijaya Zamzam A. J. , Hendarmawan Hendarmawan , Sudrajat Adjat , Kuntjoro W.
Published: April 2017

Terdapat indikasi adanya gejala kehilangan debit sungai yang bersifat alami (non-rekayasa) pada segmen zona transfer Cikapundung, yaitu pada jalur sungai antara daerah Maribaya dan Curug Dago. Karena segmen ini bersifat effluent (air tanah mengisi air sungai) maka gejala imbuhan yang terjadi pada segmen ini merupakan suatu anomali influent (air sungai mengisi air tanah). Bagian dasar sungai pada zona ini ditutupi oleh lapisan lava basal yang masif, sehingga proses imbuhan yang terjadi diduga melalui struktur rekahan batuan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian statistik dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada zona transfer memang terjadi gejala anomali imbuhan, yaitu pada sub-segmen sungai yang bergradien rendah dan berdensitas kelurusan regional tinggi. Sub-segmen yang berdensitas kelurusan tinggi secara umum memiliki densitas rekahan batuan yang tinggi pula.Kata kunci: zona transfer, imbuhan, effluent, influent     There is an indication of a natural loss of discharge phenomenon within the zone transfer of Cikapundung which are located between Maribaya area and Curung Dago. Because this segment is effluent in nature, the symptom of recharge that happened in this segment is an anomaly. The river bed in this zone is covered by massive basalt layers. Therefore the recharge process that happened is through the fractured of basalt. The results of a statistical test conclude that in the transfer zone there is a recharge anomaly phenomenon which is in the sub-segment of the river which has both a low gradient and a high regional lineament density. In general, the sub-segment that is of a high lineament density also shows high fracture density.Keywords: transfer zone, recharge, effluent, influent
Aktivitas Tanah Lempung Pada Formasi Bojongmanik Terhadap Kestabilan Lereng di Daerah Cikopomayak, Kabupaten Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Alifahmi Alifahmi , Sophian Raden Irvan , Muslim Dicky
Published: April 2017

Formasi Bojongmanik merupakan formasi yang salah satu material penyusunya merupakan batulempung. Berdasarkan pemetaan geologi teknik yang telah dilakukan daerah penelitian memiliki jenis tanah lempung berplastisitas tinggi (CH) dan lanau berplastisitas tinggi (MH) menurut klasifikasi USCS (Unified Soil Clasification System).  Kondisi tanah dengan plastisitas tinggi merupakan kondisi dimana tanah dapat merubah bentuk dengan mudah akibat adanya pengaruh kenaikan kandungan air. Aktivitas mineral lempung merupakan salah satu faktor yang mengatur kestabilan lereng, dimana tanah lempung memiliki sifat dapat menyusut dan mengembang bergantung pada kadar air. Berdasarkan nilai aktivitas lempung yang diperoleh pada daerah penelitian dengan membandingkan nilai indeks plastisitas terhadap presentase kandungan lempung didapat pada lapisan bagian atas tanah (kedalaman 0.5-1m) memiliki nilai aktivitas lempung yang tinggi (>125) dengan jenis lempung Montmorilonite dan lapisan tanah bagian bawah (kedalaman 2-4m) memiliki nilai aktivitas lempung rendah (<0.75) dengan jenis mineral kaolinite hingga aktivitas lempung normal (0.75-1.25) dengan jenis mineral illite. Meskipun nilai safety factor pada daerah penelitian lebih besar dari angka stabil yang dinyatakan oleh Bowles, yaitu diatas 1.25, bahaya longsor masih memungkinkan terjadi pada saat tanah berada dalam kondisi basah, hal ini dikarenakan kandungan air dalam lempung meningkat memicu kenaikan aktivitas lempung sehingga menyebabkan kenaikan volume pada lempung. Pada peristiwa tersebut kondisi lereng akan mengalami ketidak stabilan sehingga pergerakan massa tanah terjadi untuk mencapai titik setimbang lereng tersebut. Kata kunci: kestabilan lereng, safety factor, mineral lempung, longsor
Heart of the Telling
Authors: Olson Michelle
Published: April 2017

This article explores how the dominant narrative is deeply rooted in the performing arts community and shares how Indigenous practice and performance uproots this narrative. Artists are always positioned in relationship to the dominant narrative, whether they are aligned with it or counter to it. Presenters are also in relationship with the same narrative, whether they uphold it or challenge it with their programming. Because this narrative has such a stronghold on shaping our perception as a society, it dictates representation on the stage, leaving very little room for Indigenous work to be seen. In order to shift this inequity, the dismantling of the structures that the status quo has built is essential. Challenging perceptions and values as a community is needed. By engaging with work that is grounded in Indigenous values, Indigenous cosmologies, and a sense of ritual, our collective perception will widen and the foundation of our home will shift, allowing the walls of this new theatre to house all of our voices.
“‘Sup Leeches?” Make Some Magic
Authors: Parasram Jivesh
Published: April 2017

This article uses a stream-of-consciousness form to consider concepts of political economy in theatre and culture. It draws on frameworks by Hardt and Negri (Empire) and Serres (The Parasite), as well as Kantian divisions of the imaginary, to present a perspective on the agency of the artist, the institution, and the power of the arts in broader culture.
The Flood: And Other Misadventures of the Female Prisoners of the St. Lawrence Market
Authors: Bowen Leah-Simone
Published: April 2017

In 1887, in the basement of the St. Lawrence Market, one of Canada’s largest, sits an all-female prison. Days before it floods, we meet the women of Toronto who for better or worse will have to come together to survive. Inspired by true accounts.
The Agony and Ecstasy of the Storefront Theatre Movement
Authors: Kempson Rob
Published: April 2017

This article explores the advantages and perils of the emerging storefront theatre movement. The storefront model allows artists to produce more of their work, but it also ignites new conversations about the sustainability of new methods in our theatre ecology.
Inclusive Theatre Space: Bursting through Boundaries of Spatial Restrictions, One Project at a Time
Authors: Watkin Jessica
Published: April 2017

This article explores the complexities of cultivating inclusive theatre spaces in Toronto, the capacity that lemonTree creations and Buddies in Bad Times Theatre have to start conversations with the blind community, and the realities of creating accessible performance spaces and performances.
Estradiol: A Protective and Trophic Factor in the Brain
Authors: Dubal Dena B. , Wilson Melinda E. , Wise Phyllis M.
Published: April 2017

In recent years our appreciation that estradiol is truly a pleiotropic hormone has grown dramatically. We will review the findings that suggest that estrogens 1 1 Estrogens are synthesized by the ovary and several other tissues. They contain 18 carbon atoms and an aromatized A ring. Estradiol is the predominant and most potent of the endogenously synthesized estrogens in adult premenopausal women. Preparations used in estrogen replacement therapy contain a variety of estrogenic compounds. Studies performed using laboratory animals have used a variety of estrogens to replace the endogenous steroid, including estradiol. may exert important non-reproductive actions on the brain. These studies provide important insights into the clinical effects of estrogen replacement therapy on age- and disease-related processes in the brain. We will also discuss the multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms that may underlie estradiol's neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects.
Tau Protein in Normal and Alzheimer's Disease Brain
Authors: Johnson Gail V.W. , Jenkins Scott M.
Published: April 2017

In 1975, Weingarten and colleagues isolated a protein factor that was able to induce microtubule formation. They called this factor tau (t). Some ten years later a new era of research on this microtubule-associated protein was launched when several groups almost simultaneously discovered that tau was the predominant protein component of the paired helical filaments (PHFs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) which are characteristic pathological lesions of the Alzheimer's disease brain. Subsequent findings that PHF-tau isolated from Alzheimer's disease brain was phosphorylated to a greater extent than non-PHF tau, led to extensive investigation into the posttranslational modifications (mainly phosphorylation) of tau in normal and Alzheimer's disease brain. The present review highlights the literature concerning the normal functioning and processing of tau protein, and examines the evidence for the involvement of the abnormal posttranslational processing of tau in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Finally, speculation as to the relationship between abnormal processing of tau, other subcellular abnormalities seen in Alzheimer's disease, and the pathological causes of the disease are discussed.
RETRACTED: Cyclosporin A inhibits Al-induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria in aged rabbits
Authors: Ghribi Othman , DeWitt David A. , Forbes Michael S. , Arad Ayala , Herman Mary M. , Savory John
Published: April 2017

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked “RETRACTED”. A retraction notice is available at DOI: 10.3233/JAD-239015.
Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma on the Basis of His-topathological and Immunohistochemical Diagnosis
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mosiur , Banu Sultana Gulshan , Barua Ashim Ranjan , Kamal Mohammed , Baqui Muhammod Nazmul , Parveen Sanjida
Published: April 2017

A significant increase in incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been noticed in recent decades worldwide. This is due to advances in medical surveillance, increased use of ancillary tests, and a minor component due to over diagnosis of PTC. Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is the second most common variant of PTC and comprises about 23-41%. It is difficult to diagnose histologically when the distinctive nuclear features are either not well developed or present focally within the lesion. Several immunohistochemical markers (CD56, HMCK, GAL3, HBME-1 and CK19) either alone or combined in panels can be used to improve diagnostic accuracy. This study was aimed to differentiate FVPTC from other follicular patterned lesion of thyroid by histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). A total of 50 histologically diagnosed cases of thyroid neoplasm were studied. The neoplastic cases included 40 cases of follicular variant papillary carcinoma (FVPC), 04 classic papillary carcinoma (PTC), 04 follicular carcinoma and 02 follicular adenoma. All cases were evaluated by IHC for the expression of CD56 and CK19 antibody. In case of FVPTC (n=40), 21 cases (52.5%) were CK19 positive and CD56 negative as expected. Both markers were found positive in 06 (15%) cases and CD56+ alone was found positive in 11 (27.5%) cases of FVPTC, and a finding that goes against the diagnosis of FVPTC. The histopathological slides of these cases were reviewed and findings were recorded. All cases (n=4) of classic PTC were CK19 positive and 03 (75%) cases were found CD56 negative. Diagnoses of thyroid follicular lesions are primarily based on histological and cytomorphological criteria. However, there was a subset of follicular patterned tumors like FVPTC which lack unequivocal features of malignancy. Immunohistochemistry can improve diagnostic accuracy but needs additional studies for controversial cases. It may be considered these lesions as differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) to avoid the using term carcinoma. Additional studies are needed for establishing more precise morphologic criteria and for identifying useful markers for differentiating benign from borderline or malignant thyroid lesions.
Quinolone Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas in Environ-mental Water in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Haque K M Anwarul , Tateda Kazuhiro , Ishii Yoshikazu , Huda Qumrul , Miah Ruhul Amin
Published: April 2017

Pathogens that carry antibacterial resistant genes represent a threat for failure of antibiotic therapy and are associated with high mortality, morbidity and expenses. In Bangladesh, although quinolone resistance in clinical infections has been reported, environmental influence to this resistance is poorly known. Thus, to examine the existence of quinolone resistant bacterial strains in surface water in Dhaka, the study was conducted during June 2012 to January 2014. Surface water samples from Dhaka city were screened and isolated quinolone resistant Pseudomonas putida, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecular and genetic analysis identified the resistant determinants in these isolates. The study suggests that potential role of water for the dissemination and transmission of resistant genes among microorganisms causing human and animal infections in Bangladesh.
Evaluation of the Knowledge and Perceptions about Pharmacovigilance Activities among Pharmacy Students in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Patrick Osemene Kanayo , Olubunmi Afolabi Margaret
Published: April 2017

Studies on pharmacovigilance (PV) activities in Nigeria focused on perceptions of PV among professional healthcare workers are described here. There is paucity of information on pharmacy students knowledge about PV activities. Hence, this study, evaluated the knowledge and perceptions of final year pharmacy students about PV activities using descriptive and inferential statistics. A cross sectional study was undertaken in three Nigerian universities with a pretested questionnaire during the period of January and February, 2016. The questionnaire included closed-ended questions on demographic variables and questions designed to achieve the objectives of the study. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and presented in percentages, means, standard deviations and median at 50% percentile. The mean knowledge score of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reporting for the final year students was 4.25±0.18. There were significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge domain by age groups 21-24 years 4.8±0.70, 25-30 years 6.2 ± 0.84 and >30 years 4.6±0.72 at p=0.001; gender: male 4.1±1.20 and female 4.4±0.98 at (p=0.0001) as well as the current universities attended as follows University 1 with a scrore of 5.1±1.03, University 2 had a mean score of 6.3±0.99 at p=0.0120 and University 3 with a mean score of 4.3±1.01 at p=0.012. Furthermore, significant difference exist in the mean values of pharmacovigilance knowledge between those who had taking some courses in pharmacovigilance (7.3± 0.22) and those who did not (4.7 ± 0.13) at p=0.0001. Generally, the students had inadequate knowledge of PV activities. Therefore, emphasis on relevant PV courses in their curriculum is necessary.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 1-13, 2017
Evaluation of Physical Properties of Selected Excipients for Direct Compressible Tablet
Authors: Rahman SM Moshiur , Saha Tushar , Masum Zia Uddin , Chowdhury Jakir Ahmed
Published: April 2017

Excipients play important roles in the manufacturing of direct compressible tablet. The physical properties of excipients like flow properties, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility and diameter of particles are the most important studies which should be taken under consideration. Excipients like lactose, ludipress, avicel, povidone, sodium starch glycolate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and maize starch are used and found that PEG 4000, avicel PH-101, ludipress and sodium lauryl sulfate showed an angle of repose below 400 which indicates good flow properties and others are not. The highest compressibility value is obtained from lactose and compressibility value was lowest for PEG 4000. It was found from the average diameter of excipients that sodium starch glycolate is very fine graded powder because all particles pass through a sieve (100 mesh) and the highest value is obtained from PEG 4000.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 34-38, 2017
Formulation Development and Characterization of Levosalbutamol Sulphate Oral Thin Film using Propylene glycol as a Plasticizer
Authors: Morshed Md Masud , Mallick Jewel , Islam Fahamida , Islam Md Kamrul , Sohel Md Didaruzzaman , Kawsar Md Hassan
Published: April 2017

The present study was concerned with the preparation and evaluation of oral thin films of levosalbutamol sulphate (LS) is to avoid presystemic elimination by gastrointestinal degradation and first pass hepatic metabolism. The films were prepared using four different water soluble polymers in various proportions and combinations using propylene glycol as plasticizers. Total five formulations were developed and evaluated for the various physicochemical characteristics namely mass uniformity, thickness, folding endurance, density, surface pH, swelling index, disintegration time, content uniformity, in vitro release profile, percent moisture absorption and loss and ex vivo mucoadhesion time. Data of every parameter were taken in triplicate. Results of film thickness, mass, density and swelling index of medicated films of LS were found with relatively low standard deviation along with high folding endurance (>300). The surface pH of all films approached to the salivary fluid pH range (6.1~7.0). Disintegration time and content uniformity complied with standard for all formulations. Among the total five formulations, F-2 and F-5 followed first order release and F-1 and F-4 followed Higuchi release and F-5 followed zero order and hixon-crowell release. The residence time for mucoadhesion of the tested films ranged between 1 to 5 minutes. Percent moisture absorption and loss study revealed the excellent stability of the films in dried conditions and relatively low standard deviation indicated the stability also in humid conditions.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 64-70, 2017