bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Separator on Sodium Deposition and Performance of Anode-Free Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Qin Nan , Jin Liming , Zheng Jim P.
Published: November 2024

Anode-free sodium metal batteries (AFSMBs) with initial zero sodium anodes are promising energy-storage devices to achieve high energy density and low cost. The morphology and reversibility of sodium controls the cycling lifespan of the AFSMBs, which is directly affected by the separator. Here, we compared the sodium deposition and corresponding electrochemical behaviors under the influence of three commercial separators, which were Celgard 2500, Al2O3-coated PP separator and glass fiber (denoting as 2500, C-PP and GF). Firstly, the reversibility of sodium plating/stripping was tested using half-cells, where coulombic efficiencies were stable at ~99.89% for C-PP and GF compare to 99.65% for 2500, indicating more dead sodium were formed for 2500. Then, the morphologies of deposited sodium were compared using optical microscopy. Compared to inhomogeneous sodium growth under 2500, C-PP obtained more flatter sodium layer with less height difference, attributing to the high mechanical strength of Al2O3 layer. Differently, we discovered that sodium was grown into pores in GF to form sodium particles with large active surface, which contacts with sufficient electrolytes and could be reversibly stripped. The reversibility of the sodium in GF were further verified using in situ X-ray diffraction tests. Accordingly, cycling performance of AFSMBs were improved using C-PP and GF, where capacity retention after 120 cycles were 56.9%, 61.6% and 69.2% for 2500, C-PP and GF, respectively. Moreover, the AFSMB using 2 mAh cm-2 Na[Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3]O2 as cathode with GF exhibiting excellent capacity of 117.61 mAh g-1 under high current density of 1 C. Subsequently, in situ EIS tests after/during charging/discharging process were further conducted to illustrate the enhancement of rate and cycling performance. This work demonstrates the effect of separators on the sodium deposition for higher irreversibility and stability, which could also offer insights for developing advanced separators to achieve high performance AFSMBs.
Genetic improvement of indigenous cattle breeds in Ethiopia: A systematic review of the Fogera cattle open nucleus breeding scheme
Authors: Tesfa Assemu , Alemayehu Kefyalew , Taye Mengisie , Kassahun Demelash
Published: November 2024

Fogera cattle are one of the valuable indigenous milk-type local breeds of Ethiopia, widely adapted to the area around Lake Tana in the Amhara region. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the performance of the Fogera cattle breed under an open nucleus breeding scheme. The review was done systematically by collecting published and unpublished data sources on the breed. The overall milk yield of the nucleus Fogera cattle herd was 2.26±0.794L/day. From the total herd, the top 10% and 25% of them produced daily milk yields of 3.31 and 2.87L, respectively, and some elite cows gave an average of 5.45±0.73L/day with a maximum yield of 8L/day. The predicted 305-day milk yield for the top 10% and 25% of the total herd was 883.64 and 772.83L, respectively. The average lactation milk yield and lactation length were reported to be 489±184L and 243±72.79 days, respectively. The respective heritability estimates for the aforementioned traits were 0.20±0.23 and 0.27±0.001. The birth and weaning weights (at 8 months of age) of village Fogera cattle born from community-based breeding programmes (CBBP) were 23.77±.21 and 85.89±1.07kg, respectively. The average weaning age for the CBBP herds was reduced to 8 months. The overall calf mortality in the nucleus herd was 3%. The CBBP demonstrated that it could act as a significant entry point for ensuring the conservation and restocking efforts of this breed as a country asset.
The Impact of Team-Based Learning Activities on Learning Satisfaction : Focusing on the Mediating Effects of Learning Engagement and Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Go Eunsun , Chang Miran
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the structural relationships between the impact of team-based learning activities on learning satisfaction and the mediating effects of learning engagement and problem-solving skills in the common liberal arts course Masterpieces of Wisdom and Compassion Seminar, which was revised and operated using a team-based learning teaching method in the first semester of 2024. A survey was conducted from June 10 to 17, 2024, targeting students who took the Masterpieces of Wisdom and Compassion Seminar, and the analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The main findings of the study are as follows: First, team-based learning activities showed positive correlations with learning engagement, problem-solving skills, and learning satisfaction. Second, team-based learning activities had significant positive effects on learning engagement, problem-solving skills, and learning satisfaction. These results imply that better adaptation to team-based learning activities, higher learning engagement, and better problem-solving skills lead to higher learning satisfaction among students. Additionally, one of the major changes in the revised course operation was the initial step of learning readiness. This process likely contributed to enhancing learning engagement and problem-solving skills, and increasing learning satisfaction during the team activities of presenting and discussing topics. However, there is a need to address issues such as the lack of time for students to read the masterpieces, the burden of evaluating learning readiness which hampers immersion in understanding the masterpieces, difficulties in communication and cooperation among team members which may lower learning engagement, problem-solving skills, learning satisfaction, and concerns about the reduction of individual competence due to the increased scope and weight of team activity-related tasks.
Students' Perceptions of Lecture-style Classes and Reading Journal Activities in College General English
Authors: Park Tae-Sook
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine how the self-directed learning of writing a reading journal helps students learn English compared to lecture-style classes and how students perceive these two types of classes. 145 first-year students participated in the study. The class consisted of a lecture with news articles in the first half and activities involving the reading of articles or books and the writing of a reading journal in the second half. In week 15, students filled out a questionnaire to investigate how these two types of classes helped them in their studies. The results showed that lecture-style classes were helpful for 75.86% of the students and that the activities related to reading and writing a journal were helpful for 79.81% of the students. Grammar was mentioned most frequently for lecture-style classes, and improvements in writing, reading, and vocabulary learning were mentioned often at a similar rate for the reading journal activities. Thus, writing a reading journal was found to be a useful activity to improve students’ reading and writing abilities. 71.03% answered that the reading journal activities were more helpful than lecture-style classes, and self-direction was found to be the greatest factor that contributed to the improvement of their English skills. This is because a considerable number of students mentioned keywords such as ‘direct,’ ‘self,’ and ‘alone.’ 26.21% answered that lecture-style classes were more helpful to them. Also, the frequent mention of ‘explanation’ showed that the instructor's explanation helped such students more than when they were learning on their own. The results of this study reveal that self-directed learning of reading journal writing is more beneficial to students' English learning than conventional lecture-style classes. Based on these results, this study suggests that activities involving individual reading and reading journal writing should be properly introduced into college general English courses, and that the ratio of lecture-style classes and self-directed learning should be adjusted in consideration of the students' English proficiency levels.
A Study on How to Cultivate Musical Transitions Using A. Copland’s Theory of Students of Liberal Arts Music Education at University
Authors: Lee Bolim
Published: November 2024

This study adopted literature analysis and hermeneutic research methods, utilizing Aaron Copland's theory of film music to explore strategies for promoting musical transfer among students in college-level general music education. Music courses in liberal arts education at the university level typically focus on enhancing students' appreciation and understanding of music. however, given the nature of such courses, there may be limitations in applying musical concepts to real-life situations unless a specific instructional design is considered. To address this issue, this study developed a preliminary educational model through a literature review, and subsequently refined and finalized the model by incorporating revisions identified during the actual process of designing lessons using film music. The findings indicate that the educational model employing film music has the potential to enhance students' musical comprehension and appreciation skills and serves as an effective tool for facilitating the transfer of musical concepts across various contexts. These results suggest that the integration of film music into liberal arts music education is an effective approach for expanding students' musical thinking and experiences, thus presenting a new direction for music education.
Administración 5.0, el futuro de las organizaciones: una visión desde la complejidad, ciencias sociales y educación
Authors: Orihuela Rosas Barbara Edith , Velasco Ocampo Avelina , Bonilla Sánchez Felipe de Jesús
Published: November 2024

La presente obra muestra la importancia de la administración 5.0, su correlación con la administración 4.0, los conceptos base que la componen y la necesidad de su aplicación en las organizaciones sobre todo en el ámbito educativo y ambiental. Todo ello desde una perspectiva del pensamiento complejo y ciencias de la complejidad, mostrando además, los puentes existentes entre administración 5.0, y la complejidad y su necesaria aplicabilidad a las organizaciones, hecho que se muestra en dos estudios de caso, uno en la línea de la enseñanza de las ciencias administrativas desde el a perspectiva compleja y la administración 5.0 y el otro, en materia ambiental, mostrando la línea de sostenibilidad que se maneja como eje rector en la administración 5.0.
La invisibilidad del indígena en medios de comunicación chilenos: escondiendo a los ancestros bajo la alfombra
Authors: Fuente-Alba Cariola Fernando , Del Valle Rojas Carlos
Published: November 2024

El tema indígena en Chile está cuestionado y estigmatizado por los medios de comunicación, la mayoría de las noticias donde los indígenas son protagonistas están asociadas a hechos delictivos y policiales propios de la reivindicación de territorios exigida por estas comunidades. Esta situación se da especialmente en zonas asociadas a lo que se llama el Wallmapu, territorio ubicado al sur del río Bío Bío, centro sur del país y que genera una frontera importante al interior del propio territorio nacional. Hoy dicha zona está marcada por la violencia y la militarización, asesinato de policías, agricultores, tomas de fundos, quemas de camiones, casas e iglesias marcan la agenda mediática, contribuyendo a un imaginario social de los pueblos originarios absolutamente negativo. Esta invisibilización mediática del indígena no hace más que acrecentar la brecha cultural, educacional, social y de bienestar entre los indígenas y el resto de los chilenos. En consecuencia, la pobreza se ha incrementado de manera evidente y también, el despojo de los recursos y la tierra ha puesto en peligro la continuación de la existencia de la cultura del pueblo mapuche.
El bacanora como símbolo de la cultura sonorense. Una reflexión a través de las dimensiones culturales de Hofstede
Authors: Núñez Ramírez Marco Alberto , Garduño Realivazquez Karla Alejandra
Published: November 2024

Los símbolos forman una parte importante para comprender la cultura e historia de una sociedad. En este tenor, la bebida alcohólica Bacanora se ha erigido como un símbolo que describe a la cultura de Sonora. Es así que el objetivo de este ensayo es reflexionar sobre cómo la “historia del bacanora” ha sido un símbolo muy importante para la conformación de la cultura sonorense, a través de la interpretación de las dimensiones culturales de Hofstede. Aquí, se realiza un análisis a través de dichas dimensiones (distancia de poder, individualismo, evitación de la incertidumbre, orientación a largo plazo, indulgencia y motivación de logro) considerando algunos hechos históricos que han marcado esta región y al desarrollo de esta bebida. En términos generales, se concluye que la historia del bacanora –y no solo la bebida en sí misma–, puede ser un símbolo cultural para describir a la población de Sonora, México.
Dionisio en Aguascalientes y Guanajuato. Una propuesta de modelo sociocultural para la reconstrucción de la historia regional del teatro
Authors: Padilla Paredes Carlos Adrián
Published: November 2024

El propósito central del presente texto es describir y explicar el modelo teórico metodológico que diseñé como parte de mi tesis doctoral, la cual tuvo por objetivo analizar y comprender los periodos del teatro en Aguascalientes, México, durante el siglo XX, así como las rupturas, continuidades y/o contradicciones históricas en su enseñanza. El modelo está centrado en los Estudios Culturales, enfoque desde el cual acudimos principalmente a las disciplinas de Historia y Sociología: hicimos investigación en colecciones documentales, entrevistas etnográficas, autoetnografía, imaginación sociológica, Historia del tiempo presente, Método de las Generaciones y Cartografía Teatral. Las etapas del teatro que reconstruimos son: amateur, institucional, independiente y profesionalización. Este modelo puede contribuir a la reconstrucción de las Historias regionales del teatro mexicano, y con ello, contribuir a una mayor comprensión del status quo, prácticas, problemáticas, retos y enseñanza. Derivado de ello, actualmente emprendo el proyecto "Historia del teatro en Guanajuato (de 1952 al siglo XXI): cultura, sociedad y (pos)modernidad, en el marco de las Estancias Posdoctorales por México EPM (1) 2023 del Conahcyt, en la Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Guanajuato, México, donde he optimizado dicho modelo. Así, como propósito secundario, expondremos los ejes vertebradores que hasta ahora hemos podido (re)construir gracias al modelo referido.
Aprender educando en tiempos prefabricados
Authors: Salgado López David
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo es una reflexión sobre cómo los modelos de producción (Taylorismo, Fordismo y Toyotismo) han influido en el tema de educación bajo una perspectiva cultural. Los modelos de producción y su cultura organizacional han formado parte no solo en el ámbito empresarial, su funcionalidad ha tenido un impacto en otros espacios de la sociedad, como lo es la familia y la educación. El concepto de producción ha influido un pensamiento social, económico y sobre todo, en una cultura que ha ejercido a través de la práctica educativa un peculiar acercamiento a cómo entender la educación en la actualidad.
AUTONOMÍA Y DIFERENCIACIÓN EN LA ORGANIZACIÓN LOCAL
Authors: Velasco Caballero Francisco
Published: November 2024

SUMARIO: I. Planteamiento metodológico II. "Diferenciación" en Derecho comparado III. Uniformidad , diferenciación y autonomía a trav és del sistema de fuentes 1. Constitución 2. Carta Europea de la Autonomía Local 3. Estatutos de Autonomía 4. Legislación básica estatal 5. Leyes autonómicas 6. Autodiferenciación
Approaches to the strategic management of the development of medical treatment facilities
Authors: Hutsaliuk Oleksii , Bondar Iuliia , Boiko Olena , Bakum Iryna
Published: November 2024

The article examines the main approaches to the strategic management of the development of medical treatment facilities and determines that the modern health care system needs comprehensive strategic measures that will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the management of the strategic development of medical facilities. The market of medical institutions is an important component in the structure of the market of medical services, evidence of this is the intensive development and expansion of not only medical, but also cosmetic services, improving their quality and level of service. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the essence of managing the strategic development of medical institutions. The main achievements of foreign and domestic science in the medical field, the strategic planning of its development and the application of the principles of strategic management of medical institutions became the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The formation and development of strategic management is an important part of corporate management not only of a manufacturing enterprise, but also of health care institutions as a whole. Without effective medical care, citizens are not interested in solving secondary problems, because the issue of preserving and maintaining health always comes first. With the spread of market development priorities, the management of medical institutions is gaining importance. The study analyzes different approaches to strategic management, such as innovation management, resource management, implementation of digital technologies and patient orientation. Special attention is paid to practical aspects of strategy implementation, including assessment of the external and internal environment, development of strategic plans, optimization of operations and risk management. The research results are intended to suggest ways to increase the competitiveness of medical institutions and the quality of the services provided by them, which will contribute to their sustainable development in the conditions of modern challenges in the field of health care.
Formation of a modern management model as a guarantee of the adaptation of Ukrainian business to the conditions of globalization
Authors: Gurina Ganna , Kyrylenko Oksana , Novak Valentina , Razumova Kateryna , Lukіanenko Maksym
Published: November 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the formation of the modern management model in Ukraine, considers the peculiarities of the national business culture and the characteristic features of modern management, defines the basis of modern concepts that should be the basis of the Ukrainian management model. The main directions of further management development in the 21st century to ensure the competitiveness of Ukrainian business and its adaptation to the conditions of globalization are scientifically based. The basic principles of building the Ukrainian management model, which are in line with global development trends, are proposed and substantiated. It was concluded that a balanced approach to the formation of the management team, taking into account the peculiarities of the Ukrainian mentality and the situation in which Ukraine found itself, is one of the most important strategic tasks for society in today's conditions. The transition to a market economy and the position of Ukrainian business in the international community largely depend on this.
Risk management in international supply chains: geopolitical and geoeconomic dimensions
Authors: Hryhorak Mariia , Dimitrova Alona
Published: November 2024

In the current climate of global instability driven by dramatic geopolitical and geoeconomic transformations, international supply chains face numerous risks that significantly impact the continuity and efficiency of logistics processes. Threats such as military conflicts, port blockades, border instability, climate changes, and cyber threats introduce new challenges for companies, particularly Ukrainian ones, which require adaptive strategies to ensure the resilience of their supply chains. The purpose of this study is to systematize key geopolitical and geoeconomic risks affecting international supply chains and to identify optimal approaches to managing these risks under conditions of instability, especially for Ukrainian companies facing heightened threats. The study includes an analysis of global risks based on international scientific literature, specific risks in Ukraine and their impact on import, export, and transit chains, and the development of a generalized risk management model tailored to Ukrainian enterprises. The research identified effective risk management methods such as supply chain diversification, the creation of alternative routes, and the use of insurance mechanisms. A practical case study on risk management in the import of industrial fasteners illustrates the stages of collaboration with forwarders and carriers, partner selection, and response to disruptions, demonstrating approaches that can be used to minimize the impact of risks. The findings provide practical recommendations for Ukrainian companies, highlighting an adaptive approach to risk management that will help them maintain competitiveness and ensure supply chain resilience in a rapidly changing global environment. Future research should focus on integrating digital technologies, such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics, to strengthen the resilience and flexibility of international supply chains.
USING THE REGGE-DUAL MODEL OF THE F2 PROTON STRUCTURE FUNCTION AT ALL AVAILABLE ENERGIES
Authors: Lengyel A.
Published: November 2024

A dual Regge-model of proton structure function is fitted to the existed experimental data in all Bjorken variable 0 ≤ х ≤ 1 domain at low and moderate momentum transfer Q2 < 5 GeV2 combining the CKMT model with Reggedual model and taking into account the modified background.
ON CONSISTENCY OF DESCRIPTION OF THE AdS4×CP3 SUPERSTRING DYNAMICS BY THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3)×U(3)) σ-MODEL
Authors: Uvarov D.V.
Published: November 2024

It is examined one of the aspects of consistency of description of the superstring dynamics in the AdS4×CP3 superspace by two-dimensional σ-model in the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1, 3)×U(3)) supersymmetric coset space that is the subspace of this superspace. It is proved that equations, obtained by variation of the superstring action on the coordinates of the sector of broken supersymmetries, become consequences of fermionic equations corresponding to unbroken supersymmetries, when these coordinates turn to zero and superstring moves both in the AdS4 and CP3 spaces. These relations between superstring equations represent half of the Noether identities associated with local κsymmetry of its action.
DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY SECURITY MODEL IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Uy Marigold A.
Published: November 2024

The rationale behind conducting this study lies in the Philippines' lack of a comprehensive energy security model, leading to weaknesses in the energy sector that affect accessibility, cost-effectiveness, technological advancements, environmental sustainability, and governance and innovation. This study aims to address the need for a comprehensive energy security model specifically tailored for the Philippines. By employing various research methodologies, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study aims to identify significant relationships between variables and energy security dimensions, providing valuable insights for informed policy decisions and strategic directions in the energy sector. The findings of the study reveal a complex and interconnected energy security landscape in the Philippines.

 

JEL: O10; O13; O21

 

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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, INVESTMENT STRATEGY, MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PENSION SCHEMES IN KENYA
Authors: Akwimbi William , Ochieng Duncan , Lishenga Josephat
Published: November 2024

The study investigated the impact of corporate governance (CG), investment strategy (IS) and macroeconomic variables on the financial performance of pension schemes in Kenya, thereby addressing the key research question: What is the effect of CG, IS and macroeconomic variables on the financial performance of pension funds in Kenya? Qualitative, quantitative and correlational research designs were used to assess the effect of these factors on the financial performance of pension funds. Quantitative data on the annual return of pension funds and macroeconomic variables from 2012 to 2020, as well as qualitative data on CG indicators and IS, were used in the study. Return on investments proxied pension fund performance. Primary data was collected using survey questionnaires from the pension schemes from both the CG and IS indicators to develop both CG and IS indices. The findings show that CG, as well as IS and macroeconomic variables, impact pension funding differently. The effect of CG indicators on pension performance was positive and significant. The intervening effect of IS on the link between CG and pension performance was significant, while the moderating effect of macroeconomic variables was significant. The individual contribution of both CG indicators and macroeconomic factors on pension performance, nonetheless, varied. The main conclusion of the study is that pension fund financial performance is influenced by CG, IS and macroeconomic factors implying that there is a need to take into account the impact of these factors in the execution of investment plans of pension funds to ensure the generation of adequate funds for retirement benefits.

 

JEL: G23, G32, G34, E44, O55

 

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EFFECTS OF DISAGGREGATED TAX REVENUES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1995-2023): ARDL BOUND TEST APPROACH
Authors: Idebi Alesanmi Abraham , Agunbiade Olabode , Adesina-Uthman Ganiyat Adejoke
Published: November 2024

Tax revenue has been a great tool of fiscal policy harnessed toward the economic development of a nation. Its different components have collective effects on the economic growth of a nation. This study examined the effects of disaggregated tax revenue on Nigeria's economic growth from 1995 to 2023. The data was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and the Federal Inland Revenue Service databases. This study examined the effects of disaggregated tax revenue on Nigeria's economic growth from 1995 to 2023. The data was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and the Federal Inland Revenue Service databases. Employing multiple regression analysis within an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the study assessed the impact of Value Added Tax (VAT), Companies Income Tax (CIT), Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT) and Personal Income Tax (PIT) on economic growth. The diagnostic tests confirmed the model's validity, with unit root tests showing that all variables, except PIT, achieved stationarity after differencing. The findings revealed that each tax revenue component positively influences economic growth. Based on these results, the study recommends enhancing the legal and regulatory frameworks for businesses, including regular evaluations and updates of tax laws and stronger enforcement mechanisms. It also underscores the need to strengthen anti-corruption efforts, promote property rights, uphold the rule of law, and prioritise good governance to foster public confidence and ensure the effective use of tax revenues for economic development.

JEL: C32, H20, H24, H25

 

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THE EFFECT OF TEACHERS’ INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES ON THE TEACHING OF READING COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE
Authors: Shapaka Rehabeam K.
Published: November 2024

This article investigated the effects of teachers’ instructional strategies on the teaching of reading comprehension in English as a second language. Data was collected through an interview schedule, field notes and an open-ended questionnaire. A purposeful criterion sampling technique was used to select ten teachers from ten schools. Data analysis was conducted using typological analysis, content analysis and Atlas.ti. The findings established the effect of teachers’ instructional strategies on the teaching of reading comprehension, the dominant instructional strategies used and the association between instructional strategies and the existing reading comprehension at schools. Teachers need to study and learn the application of instructional strategies apply strategies to optimise success and enhance teaching and learning, which results in positive students’ academic outcomes.
 

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THE IMPACT OF PEER COACHING ON MOROCCAN EFL TEACHERS: ENHANCING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, MOTIVATION, AND REFLECTIVE PRACTICE
Authors: Yassine Raha , Fatiha Abahlous , Mourad Lahoual , Mohammed Ben Mhamed , Azize El Ghouati , Hdouch Youssef
Published: November 2024

This study explores the effects of peer coaching on Moroccan EFL teachers' motivation, self-efficacy, and professional growth. Teachers' opinions and experiences with peer coaching are investigated through focus group talks. Peer coaching is considered a useful instrument for professional development, promoting reflective teaching methods and boosting teacher confidence, according to the findings. However, time constraints and inadequate training were mentioned as obstacles. We noticed that novice and experienced teachers differed in their excitement. Peer coaching can improve teacher development in Morocco and other similar educational situations, according to the study, provided that it receives institutional support.
 

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PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP, POLITICAL SKILLS AND TEACHER EMPOWERMENT: A PATH MODEL ANALYSIS ON SCHOOL CLIMATE AMONG PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Authors: Bastasa Jover L. , Guhao Jr. Eugenio S.
Published: November 2024

The study tried to find the Best Fit Path Model for school climate in public schools as influenced by principal leadership, political skills, and teacher empowerment in public schools using descriptive-correlational technique through Path Model Analysis among 400 teachers in Davao Region, Philippines. Findings revealed very high levels of all variables, namely: principal leadership, political skills, teacher empowerment, and school climate. Further, significant correlations were revealed between independent variables and dependent variables, principal leadership and school climate; political skills and school climate; and teacher empowerment and school climate. Further, results showed that the generated Model 3, The Best Fit Path Model exhibited the relationship between principal leadership and teacher empowerment as they both impacted political skills. Additionally, it also displayed that teacher empowerment and the perceived political skills of the school heads are predictive factors of school climate. The findings of the study could be a significant baseline for policy-making for school programs and initiatives in maintaining school climate in public schools and a reference for further studies.
 

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A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF KEY PHILOSOPHICAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND ETHICAL RESEARCH ISSUES IN RELATION TO TEACHER’S PERCEPTION ON THE EFFECT OF ASSESSMENT ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THREE TO FIVE YEARS CHILDREN IN ENGLAND
Authors: Oluwatosin Oluwafunmilola Rebecca
Published: November 2024

The study critically analysed key philosophical, methodological, and ethical research issues related to teachers' perceptions of the effect of assessment on the cognitive development of three to five years of children in England. The study revealed philosophical issues such as tensions between positivist and interpretivist paradigms in understanding assessment’s impact and debates around the nature of childhood, learning, and development. Methodological issues such as challenges in measuring cognitive development in young children chosen methods’ potential impact on finding and interpretation. Ethical issues include concerns about labelling, stigma, and potential long-term consequences. Balancing accountability with development sensitivity and equity. The findings showed that teachers’ perceptions are influenced by philosophical beliefs, methodological approaches and ethical consideration.
 

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A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INNOVATION POLICY IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, WITH A PARTICULAR FOCUS ON HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Dawood Manal N.
Published: November 2024

This paper critically analyzes the Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policy in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), with a particular focus on its implications for higher education. The study explores how the UAE's STI policy, driven by a shift towards a knowledge-based economy, emphasizes human capital development, economic growth, and global competitiveness. It examines the role of higher education in fostering innovation and entrepreneurship and the alignment of the UAE's policies with global standards, such as those of the OECD. The analysis highlights key challenges, including the need for greater integration of STEM education, the underrepresentation of Emiratis in STEM fields, and the reliance on expatriate talent. Furthermore, the study critiques the STI policy's neoliberal underpinnings, which prioritize economic outcomes over social and cultural considerations, particularly in a collectivist society like the UAE. The paper concludes with suggestions for future policy revisions, emphasizing the need for more inclusive and context-sensitive approaches to innovation and education.
 

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A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ANGLAIS QUESTIONS PAPERS IN THE BEPC CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS IN CAMEROON
Authors: Nguemkom Olivier
Published: November 2024

This paper analyses what and how the English Language (Anglais) was assessed at the BEPC certificate examinations in Cameroon over the period of 16 years (2009-2024). It considered Anglais question papers set under both the objective-based approach (2009 to 2016) and competency-based approach (2017 to 2024) so as to find out the change brought by the introduction of the newer approach. The content and statistical analyses of data have shown that the theoretical CBA assessment principles are yet to be fully implemented. Essential knowledge-wise, the effective implementation of the novel approach from 2018 has marked the end of testing pronunciation; it has introduced integrative testing (46.87%) in grammar (62.5%) and vocabulary (31.25%) in the forms of cloze passage and dialogue completions, with the old OBA discrete-point testing in the form of sentence completions resisting the change. Skills-wise, listening and speaking are unaccounted for in favour of reading comprehension and writing composition. While there is little change in what and how OBA and CBA assess reading comprehension, CBA has introduced new composition writing principles in structuring topics like context definition, instruction clarification and indicators or task specification, thus lengthening composition topics. The syllabus coverage in terms of situation assessment decreases as one goes from the first to the fifth situation under both OBA and CBA. Some suggestions and recommendations have been made to BEPC examination stakeholders for the effective implementation of CBA assessment principles.
 

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DETERMINANT OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ INTEREST AND ENGAGEMENTS IN THE STUDY OF GENETICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, WINNEBA
Authors: Owusu-Fordjour Collins , Kumi-Manu Rosemary Naana , Koomson Charles Kwesi
Published: November 2024

Genetics is a fundamental aspect of biological education, crucial for understanding heredity, variation, and molecular mechanisms in life. Despite its importance, student engagement in genetics courses at the University of Education, Winneba (UEW) varies widely. This study investigates the factors influencing undergraduate students' interest and engagement in the study of genetics, focusing on the perceived relevance of genetics, pedagogical approaches, challenges faced by students, and misconceptions. A descriptive survey design was used, with data collected from 150 undergraduate students enrolled in the Biology and Integrated Science Education programs. Results indicate that the perceived relevance of genetics to students’ lives, including its application in health and global issues like food security, is the most significant predictor of interest and engagement (R² = 0.56). Pedagogical approaches, particularly hands-on activities and interactive learning methods were also found to enhance engagement. However, students faced moderate challenges in understanding genetic concepts, which reduced their overall engagement. Misconceptions about genetics were less impactful but still contributed to shaping students’ attitudes. The findings suggest that aligning teaching strategies with real-life applications and addressing student misconceptions can improve student engagement in genetics education.
 

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PRE-KINDERGARTEN TRANSITION PROGRAM (PTP) FOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT WORKERS (CDWs)
Authors: Guiang Jeremy Adrian D. , Dela Cruz Andrian A.
Published: November 2024

Utilizing the descriptive research design, integrating the Research & Development (R&D) methodology, this study developed the Pre-kindergarten Transition Program (PTP) for Child Development Workers (CDWs) based on the identified factors that affect common adjustment issues of pre-kindergartners and the various experiences of CDWs in handling adjustment issues during the transition period. The study was conducted in the five districts of Child Development Centers (CDCs) in Laoag City. Using a purposive sampling technique, this study involved 19 CDWs and three experts in the field of early childhood education (ECE). A structured interview guide for the Focus Group discussion (FGD) and a validation tool adapted from Valdez (2023) were used in gathering data. Data gathered from the FGD were analyzed using Braun and Clark’s (2006) thematic analysis, while the mean was used to determine the validity of the PTP. Findings reveal that the factors that affect the common adjustment issues of pre-kindergartners during the transition period are lack of social exposure, separation anxiety, time and routine adjustments, and excessive use of gadgets at home. On the other hand, the CDWs employ interactive learning activities, open communication, and parental involvement and support in handling adjustment issues during the transition period. Findings also reveal that the developed PTP is highly valid in terms of objectives (3.77), content (3.88), staff/persons involved (3.66), duration (4.00), and assessment/evaluative technique (3.78), along with the overall mean of 3.82. Thus, the PTP is recommended to be implemented to capacitate the CDWs in managing effectively the common adjustment issues of pre-kindergartners during the transition period.
 

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ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN MOROCCO: THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Bouziane Abdelmajid , Rouijel El Hassan
Published: November 2024

Assessment for learning has been a topic of study for decades, with a focus on how learners can benefit from the tests they take. The major issue with this type of assessment is its implementation. This article investigates the benefits of assessment for Moroccan university learners. 1148 of these learners filled out a questionnaire that included questions about the fundamentals of assessment and how it can serve learning purposes. The findings show that although the majority of the learners report that their tests meet the requirements of good tests, some students still doubt this. They also show some good practices of alternative assessment and feedback. However, there is still room for improvement as some students do not benefit from the assessments they take.
 

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IRANIAN EFL TEACHERS AND CHALLENGES OF MANAGEMENT IN WRITING CLASSES
Authors: Rashtchi Mojgan , Porkar Reza
Published: November 2024

Classroom management is one of the most significant yet challenging issues in EFL settings, mainly when L2 writing, as a productive skill, is in focus. The present qualitative study explored EFL teachers’ challenges in managing their classes when instructing writing. Twelve Iranian university instructors selected based on purposive sampling volunteered to participate in the study. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and thematically analyzed, resulting in four main themes in response to the study’s research questions. Two themes were related to teachers’ challenges: instructional challenges and students’ misbehavior challenges. One theme was associated with the participants’ negative feelings about managing writing classes, and the last theme included suggestions for better management of writing classes. The study highlights the problems EFL teachers encounter in their writing classes, hoping to attract policymakers’ and administrators’ attention to the teaching profession in EFL settings. The study has implications for teachers, teacher trainers, and educators.
 

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SYNTACTIC FEATURES OF PREPOSITIONS AND PRO-FORMS IN CAMEROON FRANCOPHONE ENGLISH
Authors: Nguemkom Olivier , Apuge Michael Etuge
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the syntactic features of prepositions and pro-forms by Cameroon Francophone English (CamFE) users with a tertiary education level. Written and spoken data were drawn from 95 participants from various domains encompassing administration, education, sports, and politics. A corpus of 136,767 words was built and exploited following the corpus linguistics methodology. The AntConc analytical toolkit was used in sorting out data. Quirk and Greenbaum’s (1973) structural approach to grammar was used as the analytical framework to establish the common core features (CCFs) and the interfered features (IFs). It was found that the English by Francophone Cameroonians is characterised by features that drift away from the common core features. Items were inserted, substituted, anticipated, delayed or clustered. The French language has impacted those features in a considerable degree. The conclusion that is drawn from the analysis is that CamFE is a francophonised non-native variety of English in Cameroon.
 

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AFRICAN CONCEPT OF HAPPINESS IN THE LIGHT OF CHINUA ACHEBE’S THINGS FALL APART: A HERMENEUTICAL APPROACH
Authors: Chukwuebuka Egbo Anthony
Published: November 2024

Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, reflects a deeply relational and communal worldview. Happiness in African thought is not merely tied to individual fulfilment or material wealth, as often seen in Western perspectives, but is rooted in harmonious coexistence with others and the environment. For Africans, happiness arises from a balanced relationship with all forces in the hierarchy of beings, a notion which emphasizes interconnection and collective well-being. This contrasts with Western metaphysical views that tend to prioritize individual pleasure or material achievement. African happiness extends beyond this life, focusing on a state of blessedness in both life and the afterlife. Understanding this concept requires grasping the African notion of Being, which is seen as relational, where existence is defined by one’s connection to others. Achebe’s work exemplifies these ideas, showing how happiness is experienced through peaceful co-existence and the absence of egocentric attitudes. This study established the African philosophy of "Being-with," where happiness is an ontological experience derived from natural and collective existence, rather than self-centred pursuits.
 

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INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS' ORGANISATIONAL POWER DISTANCE AND MUSHROOM MANAGEMENT PERCEPTIONS ACCORDING TO DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Seydioğlu Cüneyt , Sivrikaya Tarık , Kara Tayfun , Yaşar Yaşar , Yağcı İhsan
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the perceptions of organisational power distance and mushroom management of Physical Education Teachers according to their demographic characteristics. For this purpose, physical education teachers working in public and private schools in the province of Istanbul in the 2023-2024 academic year participated voluntarily. In the study, "personal information form", "Organisational Power Distance Scale" developed by Yorulmaz, Çolak, Altınkurt and Yılmaz (2018) and "Mushroom Management Scale" developed by Birincioğlu and Tekin (2018) were used. SPSS 25 package programme was used to analyse the data obtained. As a result of the normality test of the data obtained in the study, it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Accordingly, the independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were applied to the study. According to the findings of the study, it was determined that the mean organisational power distance scores of male teachers were higher than female teachers. As another result, in the inadequate communication subdimension of the mushroom management scale, the mean scores of teachers aged 30 and over were significantly higher than those of teachers aged 22-25. It was determined that teachers working in private schools had a high level of organisational power distance. It is thought that physical education teachers working in public schools can have more participation and voice through teachers' unions and other rights-seeking mechanisms, which leads them to perceive power distance lower.
 

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INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF SENIOR STUDENTS THROUGH THE SPORTS CLUB MODEL
Authors: Lam Le Dung , Hung Huynh Thanh
Published: November 2024

The development of the Sports Club model in the system of primary, secondary and high schools will contribute to creating conditions for students to have an environment to develop their physical abilities, develop their individual sports talents, communication and cooperation skills, language skills, etc. In addition, Sports Clubs will be a place to practice, discover and train a source of excellent students to participate in quality sports competitions at all levels, creating a healthy playground for them to avoid social evils at school. Thereby, helping students improve their physical qualities such as strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and dexterity, contributing to their love of sports and improving their health towards becoming healthy citizens to build and protect the country in the future.
 

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