bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Cu, Mn, Ni, Sr and Zn release during decomposition of four types of litter in headwater riparian forests in northern Poland
Authors: Jonczak Jerzy , Parzych Agnieszka , Sobisz Zbigniew
Published: July 2014

The aim of the study was to compare the dynamics of Cu, Mn, Ni, Sr and Zn release during decomposition of leaves of Black alder (native material), Norway maple, Red oak and European beech (exogenous material) in the area of headwater riparian forests along the upper course of the Kamienna Creek (Northern Poland). Litter bag method was used in the experiment. Initial materials differed in terms of their chemical composition. Cu, Mn, Ni, Sr and Zn contents were low in general, and in fact, even a few times lower than limit values for decomposition rate. Different trends in the dynamics of the leaf metal content during decomposition were observed in particular tree species despite the fact, that every materials were exposed in the same site. Release dynamics was strongly affected by the content of metals in initial materials and in topsoil. Accumulation of Cu, Mn and Zn was observed during decomposition of poorest in the elements maple leaves, as well as Ni in alder leaves and Sr in the leaves of maple, alder and oak. In beech leaves we observed intensive leaching of Ni, whereas downward trends in the Cu concentration of beech leaves, as well as Mn and Zn in beech and oak leaves, were related to weight loss of the leaves. In some cases, the dynamics of metal release displayed a more complicated two- or three-stage character (release of Ni from maple and oak leaves; Cu from maple leaves; Sr from alder, maple and oak leaves; and Zn from alder and maple leaves).
Intersectoral cooperation as a basis for social security
Authors: Łoś-Tomiak Anna
Published: July 2014

The paper presented the separation of the economy into three sectors. The mutual relations between sectors were described, with a particular reference to the cooperation of non-governmental organizations and public institutions. The role of non-profit institutions in the proper and efficient implementation of the social function of the state was highlighted. The attention was paid to the importance of non-governmental organizations in the system of social security as well as to the significance of tasks undertaken in cooperation of public administration. The assessment of the quality of the conducted cooperation was conducted and the necessity of deepening it for mutual benefits, and the benefits of beneficiaries as well, was recommended.
The assessment of medical subject mamagers’ knowledge on topic of social responsibility
Authors: Zadros Katarzyna
Published: July 2014

Over the years the notion of social responsibility in management was only related to economic subjects. Nowadays, a growing number of researchers is of the opinion that in managing subjects which offer social services including medical subjects, we also should implement its rules. However, it seems that in practice the knowledge of managers and employees on that subject is very limited and therefore, it has no reflection is the activities of medical subjects. The author of the article focuses on theoretical and practical aspects of using CSR in managing health care facilities.
Two Faces of Anti-crisis Management: from Definitions to Concepts
Authors: Czarnecki Maciej , Starosta Anna
Published: July 2014

Definitions to Concepts Issues related to crisis in business, although present in literature on management for a long time, still remain unexplained to a great extent. Studying the subject literature leads to the conclusion that the concept of anti-crisis management, although present in literature for many years, is understood in a number of different ways. The authors of this article try to systematize approaches to anti-crisis management, starting with approaches and finishing with understanding the very nature (definition) of crisis. They conclude that depending on the way of understanding crisis (its definition), two main approaches to anti-crisis management can be distinguished: one oriented at looking for methods and tools allowing to notice the crisis symptoms early enough, determine its causes and take the appropriate preventive and corrective actions, and one based on building company’s long-term resistance to crisis.
Contemporary trends in the management of multiple economic entities
Authors: Sobotkiewicz Dariusz
Published: July 2014

The aim of this elaboration is to recognize trends in management of multiple economic entities. The attention was focused on centralized and decentralized management system. This study has a theoretical and empirical character. It is based on the literature studies and the results of researches obtained by the representatives of the scientific community over the past ten years in centralization/decentralization of management in complex economic units. In addition, there are included the latest findings concerning the discussed issue in the mining industry, made by the author of the study. The elaboration demonstrates that the flexibility of the organizational structures of multiple economic entities is diversified and depends on the type of multiple organization. The more flexible structure, the greater tendency to decentralize management. There is also an attempt to define current trends in management of multiple organizations. The study also tries to answer the following research questions: in what direction heads the management of the complex economic units, so-called multiple economic entities? whether there is a tendency for centralization or decentralization of management? whether internal subsidiaries are carrying out ever larger scope of organic functions and decision-making powers or whether it is limited for them?

The elaboration ends with a resume and a bibliography.
Anti-crisis Management Strategies. The case of companies in the Greater Poland Voivodeship
Authors: Starosta Anna
Published: July 2014

A growing need to function in a crisis makes enterprises take measures related to the prevention and prediction of crises and when they occur to react quickly. Effective crisis coping requires anti-crisis management. However, it is not always possible to prevent crises; moreover, enterprises are forced to make a number of anti-crisis measures. In general, people took two measures. The first concerns the creation of more transparent procedures and reduction of broadly understood costs. The second one involves concentration on the main activities of the enterprise and the product, its redefining, and improving quality management. This solution points to the implementation of two types of key anticrisis strategies: organizing activities and consolidation.
Identification of future activities of enterprises regarding the growth of innovativeness
Authors: Skawińska Eulalia , Zalewski Romuald
Published: July 2014

The article contains the results of a survey conducted among 259 companies in Greater Poland from 1000 of those entities which had received the questionnaire using a random-proportional selection. This paper’s structure consists of three parts theoretical one and two which characterize empirical work. The first part interprets the future market assessment regarding the growth of innovations in companies. The second part includes an analysis of innovative actions in the near future (as indicated by enterprise representatives) in the development of competitive advantages and their perceived importance. Both cognitive and applicative conclusions are present in the summary.
Controlling in networking organisations – the concept and assumptions
Authors: Bieńkowska Agnieszka , Zabłocka-Kluczka Anna
Published: July 2014

The article contains the characterisation of the issue and features of a networking organisation. In the context of a specific manner of cooperation among organisations-partners in the network there has been indicated a great need for coordination of activities of particular entities for the purpose of meeting the arranged objectives and controlling has been proposed as a method supporting effective networking organisation management. The article presents the evolution of the concept of controlling from strategic controlling, to partnership-based controlling towards controlling in networking organisations. The concept and tasks of controlling in networking organisations (networking controlling) have been defined. There has been presented an outline or functional, organisational and instrumental solutions.
Controlling process performance indicators. Results of empirical and theoretical research
Authors: Nowosielski Krzysztof
Published: July 2014

The article sheds light on the issue of controlling performance measurement on the basis of the available literature and empirical research conducted by the author. Sample indicators have been provided, which can be used to confirm the efficiency of using controlling in a company as well as to determine the steps of its improvement and development.
The evaluation of the attractiveness of the tourist commune as conditioning of the development of agricultural tourism farms
Authors: Brelik Agnieszka , Kułyk Piotr
Published: July 2014

The paper presents the relationship between the variables of the attractiveness of communities of the Wets Pomeranian and economic, social and ecological variables as feature of agritourism farms owners. The χ2 test of independence was used in order to identify factors differentiating the attractiveness of the surveyed communities by the farmhouses and the relationship between independence. The attention was drawn to the concept of multifunctionality of agriculture and the importance of the tourism activities.
An 854-Year Tree-Ring Chronology of Scots Pine for South-West Finland
Authors: Helama Samuli , Holopainen Jari , Timonen Mauri , Mielikäinen Kari
Published: July 2014

A near-millennial tree-ring chronology (AD 1147-2000) is presented for south-west Finland and analyzed using dendroclimatic methods. This is a composite chronology comprising samples both from standing pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) and subfossil trunks as recovered from the lake sediments, with a total sample size of 189 tree-ring sample series. The series were dendrochronologically cross-dated to exact calendar years to portray variability in tree-ring widths on inter-annual and longer scales. Al though the studied chronology correlates statistically significantly with other long tree-ring width chronologies from Finland over their common period (AD 1520-1993), the south-west chronology did not exhibit similarly strong mid-summer temperature or spring/early-summer precipitation signals in comparison to published chronologies. On the other hand, the south-west chronology showed highest correlations to the North Atlantic Oscillation indices in winter/spring months, this association following a dendroclimatic feature common to pine chronologies over the region and adjacent areas. Paleoclimatic comparison showed that tree-rings had varied similarly to central European spring temperatures. It is postulated that the collected and dated tree-ring material could be studied for wood surface reflectance (blue channel light intensity) and stable isotopes, which both have recently shown to correlate notably well with summer temperatures.
A note on pseudobounded paratopological groups
Authors: Lin Fucai , Lin Shou , Sánchez Iván
Published: July 2014

Let G be a paratopological group. Then G is said to be pseudobounded (resp. ω-pseudobounded) if forevery neighbourhood V of the identity e in G, there exists a natural number n such that G = V
n
(resp.we have G = ∪
n∈N V
n
). We show that every feebly compact (2-pseudocompact) pseudobounded (ω-pseudobounded)premeager paratopological group is a topological group. Also,we prove that if G is a totally ω-pseudoboundedparatopological group such that G is a Lusin space, then is G a topological group. We present some examplesof paratopological groups with interesting properties:

(1) There exists a metrizable, zero-dimensional and pseudobounded topological group;

(2) There exists a Hausdorff ω-pseudobounded paratopological group G such that G contains a dense subgroupwhich is not ω-pseudobounded;

(3) There exists a Hausdorff connected paratopological group which is not ω-pseudobounded.
Joy and Flustration with Organofluorine Compounds – A Fluorous Autobiography
Authors: Seebach Dieter
Published: July 2014

An overview is given about our work on fluoro-organic compounds, published or described in PhD theses between 1977 and 2013. After a discussion of structural F-effects and F-tagging applications the material is ordered by the various areas of our research, in which we have used and/or
prepared F-derivatives: Li- and Ti-organic compounds and reagents, polylithiated hydroxy-esters and nitroalkanes, the enantiopure trifluoro-lactic, -Roche, and -3-hydroxy-butanoic acids as toolbox for the preparation of numerous F3C-substituted compounds, including natural
products and dendrimers, and fluoro-?-, -?-, and -?-amino acids, as well as peptides with back-bond-bound fluorine. The strong influence on ?-peptide folding by fluoro-substituents in the ?-position of ?-amino-acid residues is discussed in terms of the ?-fluoro-amide
conformational effect. Finally, some cases of totally unexpected effects on reactivity and structure exerted by fluoro-substitution are presented and taken as examples for our use of the terms flustrate and flustration in connection with organo-fluorine chemistry.
Fluorine as a Control Element in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Bizet Vincent , Cahard Dominique
Published: July 2014

The installation of fluorine atoms in reactants or catalysts has a dramatic impact on reactivity, regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. Several effects account for the modified stereochemical outcome of reactions with fluorinated versus non-fluorinated molecules. These effects are
inherent to the specific properties of fluorine such as the size, the electronegativity, the chelation with metal cations, the hydrogen-bonding ability, the electrostatic and stereoelectronic interactions with neighbouring groups. The use of the effects of fluorine for a desirable goal in
asymmetric synthesis is exemplified hereafter.
Divergent Reaction Mechanisms in the Aminofluorination of Alkenes
Authors: Kong Wangqing , Merino Estíbaliz , Nevado Cristina
Published: July 2014

The aminofluorination of alkenes has become an attractive platform for the synthesis of ?-amino-fluorinated compounds, valuable building blocks in medicinal and agricultural chemistry. The novel methodologies disclosed in recent years have unraveled a broad array of reaction mechanisms,
so that the interest in these transformations transcends the mere synthetic aspects. This review aims to summarize the most relevant findings in this area attending at the nature of the fluorine source, and thus the specific mechanism operating in each of these transformations, namely electrophilic, nucleophilic, radical, and late transition metal-catalyzed reactions.
Glacier response to climate perturbations: an accurate linear geometric model
Authors: Roe Gerard H. , Baker Marcia B.
Published: July 2014

In order to understand the fundamental parameters governing glacier advance and retreat, and also the spectral properties of fluctuations in glacier length in response to noisy weather, we examine outputs of a numerical flowline model solving the shallow-ice equations with sliding. The numerical results reveal a surprising simplicity: the time evolution and spectral shape of glacier excursions depend on a single parameter, a time constant determined by the geometrical properties of the glacier. Furthermore, the numerical results reveal that perturbations in mass balance over the glacier surface set in motion a sequence of events that can be roughly described as occurring in three overlapping stages: (1) changes in interior thickness drive (2) changes in terminus flux, which in turn drive (3) changes in glacier length. A simple, third-order linear differential equation, which extends previous models in the literature, successfully captures these important features of the glacier flow. This three-stage linear model is readily invertible to recover climate history. It provides clear physical insight and analytical expressions for some important metrics of glacier behavior, such as variance, sensitivity and excursion probabilities. Finally, it facilitates uncertainty analysis. The linear model can also be adapted for arbitrary catchment geometry, and is applied to Nigardsbreen, Norway.
Inclusion and exclusion factors in adult education of youth with a low educational level in Spain
Authors: Desmarais Danielle , Quintana-Murci Elena , Salva-Mut Salva-Mut
Published: July 2014

In this paper we analyse, from a biographical perspective, youth participation in education and training, aged between 26 and 28 years, who have no qualifications or at most have a qualification corresponding to the Lower Secondary Education Certificate (LSEC) (ISCED 0-2), during the 10 years elapsed between the end of compulsory education (2000) and the time of the interview (2010). As regards their personal life stories, we cover a broad period which includes different stages in the transition into adulthood, stages which take place in a historical context in which we have moved from a time characterised by ease of access to employment among youth with a low educational level to another time in which youth unemployment levels affects over half of the workforce aged 16 to 24 and in which public policies supporting training and social and professional insertion of young people with a low educational level have been reduced.
Des distorsions récentes de la théorie des lieux centraux. Propositions pour une nouvelle approche de la notion de hiérarchie urbaine
Authors: Soppelsa Jacques
Published: July 2014

Résumé. - L'auteur s'efforce de souligner le caractère périmé de la théorie des lieux centraux (modèle de Christaller) et le danger présent d'utiliser ses applications concrètes classiques (de type « Loi de Reilly »). Il propose en revanche, après avoir esquissé les caractères généraux de la crise récente de la notion de hiérarchie urbaine aux Etats-Unis, de réactualiser (en la modifiant sérieusement) la formule suggérée, il y a une quinzaine d'années, par l'économiste David Huff et de prendre en compte désormais en matière d'attraction commerciale la spécificité du consommateur-potentiel.
Le rôle des étrangers dans l'agriculture du Perche
Authors: Pelatan Jean
Published: July 2014

Abstract. - Between 1914 and 1930, nearly 70 families of Flemish farmers mainly from Belgium were expelled from their little estates by the World War and its consequences. They settled down in the Northern Perche, where many grazing-farms were in state of decay or short of staff. An harmonious community was formed, the farms were restored, and innovations deeply marked several districts in the Perche, giving a new stimulus to the local agriculture.
Les migrations des Walser au Moyen-Age et leurs effets sur le paysage (Grisons, Suisse)
Authors: Rougier Henri
Published: July 2014

Résumé. - Entre la fin du douzième siècle et le début du quatorzième, les Alpes centrales helvétiques vont connaître l'une des plus grandes migrations qui se soient produites dans la chaîne. Partis de la vallée supérieure du Rhône, les Walser se sont implantés dans d'autres hautes vallées, où la place restait inoccupée. La cause essentielle de cette migration réside dans la surpopulation de la région de départ. Les Walser sont à l'origine d'un habitat et d'une mise en valeur spécifiques et constituent aujourd'hui encore dans plusieurs vallées alpines, mais surtout aux Grisons, une entité profondément marquée par un paysage unique en son genre.
Les pluies provoquées, l'expérience de Ouagadougou (1974 et 1975)
Authors: Bougère Jacques
Published: July 2014

Abstract. - The drought which has been prevailing for several years in the Sudano-Sahelian region south of the Sahara has prompted the countries belonging to the African Interstate Committee for Hyaraulic Studies to launch a further campaign to study the possibilities of artificial rainmaking.

The article briefly explains the mecanism of precipitations which has been thoroughly studied and has furnished a starting-point for the experiments that have been carried out in Upper-Volta at the beginning and at the end of the rainy seasons (1974-1975), the results of which can be found here.
La nutrition du riz à Taiwan
Authors: Ouang Teng-Ying
Published: July 2014

The population of Taiwan has now more than 11 million people. The density of the population is 320 persons per km2 is second only to that of Netherlands. The rate of increase of population is 3.25 % annually, one of the highest in the world, the population pressure has been keenly felt recently. Rice is the main food crop of Taiwan. There are two crop seasons of rice within the course of 1 year in Taiwan, besides these at least one or two other catch crops such as wheat, barly, soybean, vegetative fruits are grown. So it makes possible to grow annually three or four crops, including two rice crops. For instance in some area of cultivated land, 6 000 kg for two rice crops, 2 000 kg for wheat, 2 000 kg for other vegetative fruits are produced, and the total yield is almost 10 000 kg per hectare per year. Alluvial soils have their pH range usually from versy strong acid to mildly alkaline. The application ratio of N, P2O5 and K,0 is 100 : 60 : 40 : kg/ha for rice crop. The periods of application of fertilisers are to divide N in two equal parts, one part is applied combining with P2O5 and K,0 before ground making to turn it under the ground ; and the other part in the duration of tillering before the second intertillage and weeding. There are also the other methods of applying the second part of N fertilizer into two equal parts, one part is applied in the middle of tillering ; and the other part in the early heading date while the young panicles are at 2 mm in length.
Early detection of disease progression after palliative chemotherapy in NSCLC patients by 18F-FDG-PET
Authors: Tauhardt E. , Reissig A. , Winkens T. , Freesmeyer M.
Published: July 2014

Aim: We investigated whether 18F-fluorodeo- xyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is capable of detecting renewed disease progression earlier than computed tomography (CT) in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have undergone chemotherapy as part of a palliative treatment plan. Patients, methods: 18 patients were studied retrospectively. Three FDG-PET/CT scans for initial and follow-up diagnostic purposes were evaluated. Palliative chemotherapy was administered between the first FDG-PET/CT scan (t0) and the second (t1), followed by a treatment-free interval between the second FDG-PET/CT scan (t1) and the third (t2). Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and largest diameters of lesions were determined for PET scans and the corresponding CTs. Lesion-based and patient-based assessments were performed, as were assessments according to RECIST/PER- CIST. Results: 82 lesions were identified in 18 patients. In interval t1-t2, the increase in diameter in the lesion-based evaluation was 5.0% (non-significant), while the patient based evaluation showed a non-significant reduction of 2.8%. Considering PET, both the lesion-based and patient-based evaluations found a significant increase in SUVmax by a median of 30.4 % and 45.8 %, respectively. PERCIST criteria at time point t2 identified ten more patients with progression than did REC- IST. Conclusion: In patients with NSCLC, renewed progression during the treatment-free interval after palliative chemotherapy can be detected earlier with PET than with CT. Thus, FDG-PET appears to be a useful diagnostic imaging procedure regarding this aspect. Its clinical relevance should be investigated in further studies.
Reporting of Medical Research Costs
Authors: Buijink A. W. G , Grobusch M. P. , Visser B. J.
Published: July 2014

Increasing numbers of research reporting guidelines are being published. These guidelines facilitate rigorous and complete reporting, and presentation of published studies. However, current reporting guidelines do not address issues related to costs of research methods. We propose to publish costs of research in order to increase transparency, efficiency, quality and ultimately reproducibility of scientific studies.
Bone Mineral Density Change in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A 5-year Followup Study
Authors: Zhu Tracy Y. , Griffith James F. , Au Sze-Ki , Tang Xiao-Lin , Kwok Anthony W. , Leung Ping-Chung , Li Edmund K. , Tam Lai-Shan
Published: July 2014

Objective.

To determine changes of bone mineral density (BMD) over a 5-year period in a cohort of female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to identify factors predictive of BMD loss.

Methods.

Our longitudinal study involved 125 female patients with SLE with a mean (SD) age of 46.5 years (10.1) and a median disease duration of 10.4 years. Demographics and clinical data were collected and BMD at the femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine (L1-4) was performed by using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline and followup.

Results.

Average percentage changes of BMD over a mean followup of 5 years were −2.41% at the femoral neck, −1.63% at the total hip, and −0.62% at the lumbar spine, with significant changes at both the femoral neck (p < 0.0001) and total hip (p < 0.0005), but not at the lumbar spine (p = 0.128). Disease flare, new organ damage, and use of glucocorticoids during followup were significantly associated with larger decreases in BMD. BMD loss was arrested at the femoral neck and BMD increased at the total hip and lumbar spine in patients receiving antiosteoporosis therapy. In multivariate analyses, use of antiosteoporosis therapy was independently associated with increased BMD at any site and new organ damage was an independent predictor of BMD loss at the femoral neck.

Conclusion.

Significant BMD loss at the hip over a period of 5 years was found in patients with SLE. Disease activity, disease damage, and use of glucocorticoids are the disease-specific variables that contribute to bone loss in SLE.
Clinical and Pathological Features of Microscopic Polyangiitis in 20 Children
Authors: Sun Liangzhong , Wang Haiyan , Jiang Xiaoyun , Mo Ying , Yue Zhihui , Huang Liuyi , Liu Ting
Published: July 2014

Objective.

To explore the clinical and pathological features of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) in children.

Methods.

A retrospective analysis was performed of patients with pediatric MPA in our hospital over 10 years.

Results.

Data for 20 patients were collected; 16 patients had primary MPA (4 boys, 12 girls), with a median age of 8.9 years at the time of disease onset; 4 patients, all female, had antithyroid drug (ATD)-associated MPA, with an age range of 12.5 to 16.2 years at the time of disease onset. All patients exhibited renal involvement. Renal biopsies were performed in 14 patients. Fibrinoid exudation and necrosis of the glomerular capillaries were observed in all biopsy specimens. Crescents and scleroses were noted in 92.9% and 85.7% of these cases, respectively. The most frequent extrarenal organs involved were lungs, followed by the central nervous system (CNS), skin, and digestive system. Ninety percent of patients were positive for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, 94.1% were positive for myeloperoxidase, and 88.2% were positive for both. Forty-five percent of the patients had received steroid plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) pulse therapy for more than 3 months, and varying degrees of remission had been achieved in 88.9% of the patients.

Conclusion.

Both primary and ATD-associated MPA showed a female predisposition. Renal involvement was the most frequently observed condition, followed by involvement of lungs. CNS involvement was not rare in these pediatric patients. The efficacy of steroid plus CTX as induction therapy was evident in these patients.
Les évolutions du conflit syrien : la vision israélienne
Authors: Lombardi Roland
Published: July 2014

Contrairement aux analyses occidentales, les observations israéliennes de la guerre civile syrienne et surtout de la durée de vie du régime se sont révélées plus mesurées et plus réalistes. Parfois contradictoires, elles ont néanmoins toujours traduit l’attitude réservée mais vigilante d’Israël sur le conflit. Le communautarisme, et surtout les enjeux géostratégiques de la République arabe syrienne, dirigée d’une main de fer par les Assad depuis 1970, expliquent le pragmatisme et le prisme purement sécuritaire des visions israéliennes sur l’évolution du drame syrien.
Leadership américain au Moyen-Orient : une relecture à l'aune du conflit syrien
Authors: Hage-Ali Chady
Published: July 2014

Le tragique et dévastateur conflit en Syrie est un « cas d’école » qui révèle « l’impuissance de la puissance » autant qu’il préfigure les nouveaux équilibres au Moyen-Orient. Le leadership des États-Unis ressort écorné de cette expérience. On le dit vacillant et son remplacement ne serait qu’une question de temps. Les lacunes stratégiques de « Obama II » ont été mises en évidence. Oscillant entre l’hypothèse pessimiste d’une « fin d’ère américaine » au Moyen-Orient et celle du « reculer pour mieux sauter », l’état actuel, la formulation et les perspectives de ce leadership méritent que l’on s’y attarde.
Spécificités des problèmes d'utilisation de substances chez les femmes
Authors: Barrault Marion
Published: July 2014

Dans cet article, nous mettrons en lumière des tendances générales liées à la consommation de substances chez les femmes, notamment la prévalence de ces usages et des troubles concomitants, ainsi que les facteurs de risque de dépendance et de maintien d’une consommation problématique de substances. Nous verrons également que les femmes sont confrontées à plus de stigmatisation que les hommes concernant leurs problèmes de consommation. Ces barrières sociales sont un frein à l’accession au traitement.
Pourquoi la femme aujourd'hui ?
Authors: Thomas Olivier
Published: July 2014

L’intérêt récent porté à l’addiction au féminin ne trouve-t-il pas son origine dans l’intérêt porté à la mère ? La mère défaillante, la mère maltraitante ou abandonnique, cette mère qui se détourne de son enfant, la mère morte comme la nomme André Green ? L’auteur après avoir démontré que l’addiction au féminin était une solution auto-thérapeutique passionnelle suite à un traumatisme, interroge le lien entre l’être femme et l’être mère à travers la lecture d’un cas clinique.
Abstinence ou jeu contrôlé? Quel objectif pour quel patient? Étude d'un cas clinique sur le jeu pathologique
Authors: Sculo Tiphaine , Guillou Landreat Morgane
Published: July 2014

Les différentes typologies de joueurs pathologiques proposées ne permettent pas d’établir un modèle conceptuel consensuel. Les joueurs pathologiques constituant un groupe hétérogène, il ne peut pas être proposé le même parcours de soin à tous les joueurs. Néanmoins, il semble que des sous-groupes de joueurs ayant des traits spécifiques aient été identifiés, ce qui permet de mieux comprendre ce trouble et ainsi de pouvoir proposer un suivi plus adapté aux différents joueurs pathologiques. Il paraîtrait intéressant de pouvoir disposer d’une large gamme d’options d’interventions pour les joueurs liée à leur particularité. Ce modèle aurait pour visée d’éviter le clivage de l’abstinence ou du jeu contrôlé comme seul objectif et plutôt de souligner la complémentarité de ces approches. L’articulation de ces concepts se dessine à travers l’étude du cas clinique d’une joueuse pathologique.
Communauté féminine pour patientes atteintes d'une double pathologie : une “résidence protégée” pour venir en aide aux femmes victimes d'abus sexuels
Authors: Elos Davide
Published: July 2014

Il s’agit de l’expérience clinique menée à la Communauté Fermata d’Autobus, auprès de patientes atteintes d’une double pathologie et victimes d’abus sexuels. Les caractéristiques relevées dans le profil de personnalité de ces patientes, et qui rendent difficile le travail thérapeutique avec elles, sont soigneusement examinées. Notre attention se porte sur la tendance qu’ont ces patientes à reproduire des scénarios abusifs à travers leurs relations affectives, dans le but illusoire de parvenir à les maîtriser ou de trouver, via la sexualisation des relations interpersonnelles, un remède à leur souffrance psychique. Nous discutons de la façon dont cette répétition rend difficile le travail thérapeutique avec ces femmes au sein des structures résidentielles mixtes, car les patients masculins hébergés dans la Communauté présentent des traits de personnalité (violence, aspects pervers, comportements sadomasochistes, etc.), susceptibles d’en faire de bons candidats à la répétition du scénario relationnel abusif auquel les patientes sont habituées et qu’elles cherchent à reproduire. Une fois que la relation abusive s’est amorcée au sein de la Communauté, il est difficile pour l’équipe d’y mettre un terme et de conserver, avec les patientes, une alliance thérapeutique qui permette la poursuite du traitement. On assiste, par conséquent, à de fréquentes interruptions du parcours communautaire, auxquelles succèdent de tout aussi fréquentes réapparitions des comportements autodestructeurs, qui avaient déterminé le placement en Communauté. Afin de remédier aux difficultés de gestion de ces patientes en Communautés mixtes, nous débattons de l’utilité de créer une Communauté exclusivement féminine, réservée à l’insertion de ces femmes, pour les protéger du contact avec l’élément masculin, qu’elles utilisent pour reproduire la situation abusive initiale.
Current Options in the Management of Pellucid Marginal Degeneration
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Edmonds Jason N. , Behunin Nicholas L. , Christiansen Steven M.
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:

To review and evaluate current and future directions in the diagnosis and surgical management of pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), including penetrating keratoplasty, full-thickness crescentic wedge resection (FTCWR), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), crescentic lamellar wedge resection (CLWR), crescentic lamellar keratoplasty, tuck-in lamellar keratoplasty (TILK), toric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation, intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation (ICRS), corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL), and combined therapies. This is the first review article looking at the literature specific to PMD.

METHODS:

Review of published studies.

RESULTS:

Reported data for each treatment is presented. Penetrating keratoplasty is the treatment of last resort in PMD and is effective, but with considerable complications. DALK provides visual outcomes similar to penetrating keratoplasty without the risk of immune-mediated graft rejection, but its complexity and relative novelty limit its acceptance. FTCWR has good visual outcomes, but with significant astigmatic drift. CLWR is effective, but lacks long-term results. Crescentic lamellar keratoplasty and TILK are effective, but technically difficult and without long-term results. Toric PIOL implantation is effective, but ectasia progression is a concern. ICRS implantation can delay penetrating keratoplasty and improve contact lens tolerance, but does not treat the underlying process. CXL demonstrates effectiveness without complications, although data are limited and long-term results are needed. Combining treatments such as ICRS, CXL, toric PIOL implantation, and refractive surgery is promising, but additional studies are needed to investigate their efficacy and safety.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although little is understood about the etiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and genetics of PMD, new treatments are improving visual outcomes and reducing complications. Corneal collagen cross-linking is especially exciting because it halts disease progression. Combined treatments and improved screening could eliminate the need for surgical management in most cases of PMD.

[J Refract Surg.2014;30(7):474–485.]
Modified Technique for Combining DMEK With Glued Intrascleral Haptic Fixation of a Posterior Chamber IOL as a Single-Stage Procedure
Authors: Jacob Soosan , Agarwal Amar , Kumar Dhivya Ashok , Agarwal Ashvin , Agarwal Athiya , Satish Kaladevi
Published: July 2014

PURPOSE:

To describe changes in the surgical technique required for combining Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty with glued intrascleral haptic fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens ([IOL] glued IOL) as a single-stage surgery in patients diagnosed as having aphakic or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy.

METHODS:

Six patients with corneal decompensation and inadequate capsular support requiring implantation/exchange of an IOL underwent a single staged glued IOL with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty at a tertiary care center. Stability of the anterior chamber and structure of iris diaphragm–IOL complex were assessed intraoperatively by injecting air and, when required, iridoplasty was performed. Patients were observed postoperatively.

RESULTS:

One patient had partial graft detachment requiring re-bubbling and 1 patient had a small peripheral detachment with spontaneous resolution. The graft remained attached in all patients. An iridoplasty was required for 2 patients. Visual acuity improved in all patients. The mean preoperative and postoperative corrected distance visual acuity were 0.11 ± 0.07 and 0.7 ± 0.17, respectively. There was significant change in the corrected distance visual acuity after surgery (
P
= .028). The mean postoperative endothelial cell density at 6 months was 1,710.3 ± 205.8 cells/mm
2
.

CONCLUSIONS:

Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty with glued IOL provides stable IOL with decreased pseudophacodonesis for better graft fixation. Iris diaphragm covering IOL optic all around is essential to restore bicamerality, allows sufficiently sized, non-migrating air bubbles, and decreases graft detachment and dislocation both intraoperatively and postoperatively. A need for iridoplasty must be confirmed intra-operatively.

[
J Refract Surg.
2014;30(7):492–496.]
Minimally Invasive Scleral Fixation of an IOL Using a Suture Thread Inserter Combined With 25-Gauge Vitrectomy
Authors: Nishitsuka Koichi , Yamashita Hidetoshi
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate a novel surgical technique for IOL fixation using a newly designed suture thread inserter.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Scleral fixation of an IOL combined with 25-gauge vitrectomy was performed in 13 patients (eight aphakic eyes and five with IOL dislocation). Conjunctival peritomy was performed and scleral tunnels were created at the 2- and 8-o’clock positions. An infusion cannula was inserted through the inferotemporal sclera, and two cannulas were inserted through the scleral tunnels 1.5 or 2.0 mm posterior to the corneal limbus. After vitrectomy, the loop of the 10-0 polypropylene suture was inserted into the ports with a suture thread inserter. The haptics of the foldable IOL were sutured via the cow-hitch method. Haptic externalization was performed in eyes with IOL dislocation. After removing the infusion cannulas, the 10-0 polypropylene sutures were tied to scleral tunnels.

RESULTS:

In all cases, the IOL was fixed stably and visual acuity was improved. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.

CONCLUSION:

Scleral IOL fixation with a suture thread inserter combined with 25-gauge vitrectomy appears to be safe and minimally invasive for aphakic eyes and cases of IOL dislocation. The thread inserter mitigates the risk of hemorrhage.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2014;45:318–321.]
Glasba 18. in 19. stoletja v ohranjenih rokopisih ljubljanskih frančiškanov
Authors: Frelih Darja
Published: July 2014

V okviru Frančiškovih redov obstajajo danes v Sloveniji vsaj štiri nahajališča rokopisnih glasbenih virov. Eno od njih je knjižnica Frančiškanskega samostana v Ljubljani. Seznam tam ohranjenih skladb zajema imena 50 skladateljev 18. in 19. stoletja, ki so avtorji 136 glasbenih del. Dve tretjini preostalih ohranjenih skladb tvorijo dela anonimnih avtorjev.
Récits au Sud : déplacement et musique dans les romans d’Assis Brasil
Authors: Tessaro Pelinser André , Ferreira Cury Maria Zilda
Published: July 2014

Visitantes ao Sul est le titre de l’ensemble des romans publiés par Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil entre les années 2001 et 2012. L’écrivain y reprend le thème du voyage en littérature, mettant en scène des personnages en constant déplacement. Nous analyserons dans cet essai non seulement le parcours des quatre protagonistes, à travers leurs relations avec les différents espaces culturels, mais aussi leur insertion dans la temporalité spécifique de la modernité et de ce que l’on appelle la fin de siècle. Nous étudierons également une des caractéristiques de ces romans, la thématique musicale, qui imprime fréquemment un rythme à la mobilité des personnages, se déployant en une métaphore expansive et proposant de nouveaux sens aux récits.
Alguns informes de funcionários ilustrados sobre as antigas missões de Mojos e Chiquitos, em fins do século 18
Authors: Lopes de Carvalho Francismar Alex
Published: July 2014

O artigo apresenta seis informes escritos em fins do século 18 por governadores das missões de Mojos e Chiquitos, localizadas no oriente da atual Bolívia. Contextualiza a situação dessas missões no quadro das reformas administrativas posteriores à expulsão dos jesuítas e fornece pistas para a compreensão do modo como os índios missioneiros eram representados pelo discurso administrativo do período colonial tardio.
La cuestión étnica en disputa. Tres interpretaciones sobre lo indio en Bolivia
Authors: Giller Diego Martín
Published: July 2014

El presente trabajo indaga diferentes concepciones sobre lo que supone ser indio en Bolivia, en tres momentos específicos de su historia. Haciendo hincapié en la relación racismo/identidad, examinaremos las perspectivas interpretativas de (1) Alcides Arguedas y Franz Tamayo en los albores del siglo XX; (2) el nacionalismo revolucionario y la revolución de abril de 1952; y (3) el indianismo radical de Fausto Reinaga, en los años sesenta de aquel siglo.
Actor-Network Theory (ANT)
Authors: Mifsud Denise
Published: July 2014

In this theoretical paper, the author provides a critical review of the Actor-Network Theory concept, while considering the relative under-utilization of Actor-Network Theory in education studies, tracing possible ways in which this theory can contribute as an analytical framework through its strands of ‘actor-network', ‘symmetry', ‘translation', and their constituents– thus facilitating its international growth. Two concepts this paper gives prominence to are networks and power relations. The author challenges the widespread conception of the ‘network' metaphor propagated by globalization discourses, contrasting it in turn with the network conception in Actor-Network Theory, where the main premise is multiplicity. The author explores Actor-Network Theory as a theory of the mechanics of power, concerning itself with the establishment of hegemony. This paper is especially aimed at those researchers of education reform who are as yet unfamiliar with Actor-Network Theory and somewhat sceptical of socio-material approaches, in order for them to realize its unrivalled potential contribution to their work.
Human and Organizational Factors of Healthcare Data Breaches
Authors: Kamoun Faouzi , Nicho Mathew
Published: July 2014

Over the past few years, concerns related to healthcare data privacy have been mounting since healthcare information has become more digitized, distributed and mobile. However, very little is known about the root cause of data breach incidents; making it difficult for healthcare organizations to establish proper security controls and defenses. Through a systematic review and synthesis of data breaches literature, and using databases of earlier reported healthcare data breaches, the authors re-examine and analyze the causal factors behind healthcare data breaches. The authors then use the Swiss Cheese Model (SCM) to shed light on the technical, organizational and human factors of these breaches. The author's research suggests that incorporating the SCM concepts into the healthcare security policies and procedures can assist healthcare providers in assessing the vulnerabilities and risks associated with the maintenance and transmission of protected health information.
Viral Marketing
Authors: Arora Neha , Wahi Ashok
Published: July 2014

The paper explores how viral marketing plays a major role for the companies in the present scenario. This paper gives an insight into the various models to provide an overview into the mathematical aspect associated with viral marketing. At the end the implications of viral marketing on various different industries is discussed. This manuscript elucidates how organizations can design their viral marketing campaigns targeting different types of customers.
AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR HIGH-RISK ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA: NON-RANDOMIZED STUDY WITH A MAXIMUM FOLLOW-UP OF MORE THAN 22 YEARS
Authors: Helbig Grzegorz , Krawczyk-Kulis Malgorzata , Kopera Malgorzata , Jagoda Krystyna , Rzepka Patrycja , Majewska-Tessar Aleksandra , Hejla Marta , Kyrcz-Krzemien Slawomira
Published: July 2014

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Material and methods. Overall, 128 high-risk ALL patients at a median age of 26 years (range 18-56 years) at diagnosis received AHSCT between 1991-2008. Induction treatment was anthracycline-based in all patients. Conditioning regimen consisted of CAV (cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, etoposide) in 125 patients whereas 3 subjects received cyclophosphamide and TBI (total body irridation). Bone marrow was stored for 72 hours in 4oC and re-infused 24 hours after conditioning completion. Bone marrow was a source of stem cells in 119 patients, peripheral blood in 2 and 7 subjects received both bone marrow and peripheral blood. Results. With a median follow-up after AHSCT of 1.6 years (range 0.1-22.3 years), the probability of leukemia-free survival (LFS) for the whole group at 10 years was 27% and 23% at 20 years. Transplant-related mortality at 100 days after AHSCT was 3.2%.. There was a strong tendency for better LFS for MRD-negative patients if compared with patients who had positive or unknown MRD status at AHSCT (32% vs 23% and 25%, respectively; p=0.06). There was no difference in LFS between B- and T-lineage ALL as well as between patients transplanted in first complete remission (CR1) and CR2. LFS at 10 years for patients with detectable BCR-ABL at transplant was 20% and this was comparable with subjects with negative and missing BCR-ABL status (26% and 28%; p=0.97). Conclusions. The results of AHSCT for high-risk ALL remains unsatisfactory with low probability of long-term LFS.