bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient's conception and attitude regarding triage system and waiting time at emergency department at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhaqbani Rayyan , Bahmaid Rayan , Almutairi Mohammed , Almasoudi Wardah , Elmasarwa Ali , Alshehri Abdussalam
Published: June 2022

Background: An increase in the number of visitors to the emergency department (ED) leads to overcrowding, long wait, and patient dissatisfaction. It is important to implement the decision-making process to avoid congestion and nonurgent cases. This study aims to assess patients\' knowledge and attitude about the triage system and waiting times in ED.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the ED at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an online questionnaire form for all participants who met the inclusion criteria.
Results: In this study, 389 participants with mean age of 33.77 (SD =12.96) years were included, of them 54.2% were males. Moreover, only 15.2% of patients reported having primary care doctor or health providers among whom 41.9% reported that they tried to call their primary care doctor before coming to the ED. Moreover, 66.2% of participants reported having no knowledge about triage. Furthermore, 57% of participants wanted to know how long other patients have been waiting. Moreover, results showed that the most important information required by the patients was the periodic updates from ED staff about the delays (51.4%) followed by information about the health care system and how to find a primary care provider.
Conclusion: Most of the population were unaware of the triage and its definition; however, most of the participants had good knowledge considering why some patients were seen before others. Finally, the waiting expectation of tests results was worse in this study, which reflected low satisfaction level.
Pemanfaatan Electronic Word of Mouth pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 oleh UMKM (Studi Kasus Salad Mantoel)
Authors: Nirjana Aldi , Sari Wulan Purnama
Published: June 2022

The impact of coronavirus or Covid-19 seems to have an impact on all sectors, especially tourism and other sectors. The World Bank projects indonesia's economic growth this year will be depressed at 2.1 percent. In the midst of the pandemic there are various opportunities for business people, especially MSMEs who with small capital can start a business by utilizing Electronic Word Of Mouth on social media. This research is expected to be a reference for newly established MSMEs and use Electronic Word Of Mouth as a means of promotion. This method of research uses qualitative research methods with data collection in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. The subject in this study was MSMEs Salad Mantoel, The object of this study was the utilization of Electronic Word Of Mouth on MSMEs Salad Mantoel. The interview was conducted to 5 respondents, in this case the researchers did documentation of the sales results, and testimonials from buyers from MSMEs Salad Mantoel. Based on data obtained by researchers from interviews with respondents and other evidence in the form of testimonial documentation. For almost 2 years running, Mantoel Salad still has not maximized promotion using Electronic Word Of Mouth on social media, Mantoel Salad only promotes products using Whatsapp and Facebook media. So the products of Mantoel Salad still cannot be widely known by the public.Dampak Virus Corona atau Covid-19 nampaknya berimbas pada semua sektor terutama pariwisata dan sektor-sektor lainnya. Bank Dunia memproyeksikan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia di tahun ini akan tertekan di level 2,1 persen. Ditengah pandemi muncul berbagai macam peluang untuk pelaku bisnis, terutama UMKM yang dengan modal kecil dapat memulai usaha dengan memanfaatkan Electronic Word Of Mouth pada media sosial. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan untuk UMKM yang baru berdiri dan menggunakan Electronic Word Of Mouth sebagai sarana promosi. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah UMKM Salad Mantoel, Objek dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan Electronic Word Of Mouth pada UMKM Salad Mantoel. Wawancara dilakukan kepada 5 responden, dalam hal ini peneliti melakukan dokumentasi dari hasil penjualan, dan testimoni dari pembeli dari UMKM Salad Mantoel. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh peneliti dari wawancara kepada responden serta bukti – bukti lain berupa dokumentasi testimoni. Selama hampir 2 tahun berjalan, Salad Mantoel masih belum memaksimalkan promosi menggunakan Electronic Word Of Mouth pada media sosial, Salad Mantoel hanya melakukan promosi produk menggunakan media Whatsapp dan Facebook. Sehingga produk dari Salad Mantoel masih belum bisa dikenal luas oleh masyarakat.
Peran Homeless Media dalam Melakukan Penyebaran Informasi di Media Sosial Instagram (Studi pada Opini.id)
Authors: Alexander Frances , Junaidi Ahmad
Published: June 2022

The background of this study is that researchers want to examine how the phenomenon of homeless media in spreading information and news on Instagram social media to audiences, because the development of media that brings this era into a new media era that changes people's consumption patterns of information becomes much easier coupled with the number of people who are already literate of social media. The purpose of this research is to find out an information wrapped in creative content and then disseminated to a wide audience. The results of this study show that homeless media is purely the work of digital journalism creatively in providing content on social media packaged so attractively using existing content. Opini.id as one of the homeless media in Indonesia always provides credible and accurate information, updating comprehensive news articles into a simple and interactive news content so that it is easy to consume lightly.Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah fenomena homeless media dalam melakukan penyebaran informasi dan berita di media sosial Instagram terhadap khalayak, dikarenakan perkembangan media yang telah mengubah pola konsumsi masyarakat akan informasi menjadi jauh lebih mudah ditambah dengan banyaknya masyarakat yang sudah melek akan media sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui informasi yang dibungkus dengan konten kreatif lalu disebarluaskan ke khalayak luas. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa homeless media merupakan murni kerja jurnalisme digital secara kreatif dalam memberikan konten di media sosial lalu di kemas sedemikian menarik menggunakan audiovisual dan program yang ada. Opini.id sebagai salah satu homeless media di Indonesia menyediakan informasi yang kredibel dan akurat, memperbarui berita artikel yang komprehensif menjadi sebuah konten berita yang sederhana dan interaktif agar mudah dikonsumsi secara ringan.
Peran Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya dalam Membangun Citra Positif Polisi Melalui Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: 'Aisy Rihhadatul , Yoedtadi Moehammad Gafar
Published: June 2022

Instagram is a social media application that is currently widely used from the children, teenagers, and the most adult. In addition, instagram also used by agency of the government. Agency of the government can use social media application are very useful for building a positive image from the general public. One of the government agencies that uses the Instagram social media application is the Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya (@humas.poldametrojaya). The purpose of the Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya to create an Instagram account is to provide information related to appeals which are directives from the Kapolda, Kapolri, and the Government. On the other hand, they also want to make their audience the main consumers. And if the wider community gives a bad assessment of the image of the police agency in a case of a criminal act, such as a case of rape or harassment, it should only tarnish the name of the perpetrator who committed the crime and be given a sanction in accordance with the law that was violated. One of the roles of the Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya in handling a case of other criminal acts that can happen to a member of the police is to bridge a relationship between all members of Polda Metro Jaya and the wider community and provide information that is transparent in accordance the code of ethics of public relations.Instagram merupakan salah satu aplikasi media sosial yang saat ini banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat dari kalangan anak-anak, remaja, hingga orang dewasa. Selain itu, instagram juga digunakan oleh beberapa instansi pemerintah untuk membangun sebuah citra positif, salah satunya ialah Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya (@humas.poldametrojaya). Tujuan lembaga Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya membuat akun Instagram ialah ingin memberikan informasi terkait imbauan-imbauan arahan dari Kapolda, Kapolri, dan Pemerintah. Di sisi lain, mereka juga ingin menjadikan khalayaknya sebagai konsumen utama. Dalam kasus lain adalah jika masyarakat luas yang memberikan penilaian buruk terhadap citra terhadap lembaga kepolisian pada sebuah kasus tindakan kriminal, seperti kasus pemerkosaan maupun pelecehan seharusnya hanya mencoreng nama oknum pelaku yang melakukan tindakan kriminal dan diberikan sebuah sanksi yang sesuai dengan undang-undang. Salah satu peran dari Bidhumas Polda Metro Jaya dalam menangani sebuah kasus tindakan kriminal lainnya ialah mejembatani sebuah hubungan antara Polda Metro Jaya dengan masyarakat luas serta memberikan informasi yang bersifat transparan dan sesuai dengan kode etik kehumasan.
Pengaruh Persepsi Kredibilitas Vivanews terhadap Keputusan Pemilihan Portal Media Daring
Authors: Kusnadi Darren , Rusdi Farid
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Vivanews's perceived credibility on the online media portal selection decision. The sample selected using the purpose sampling method with 100 respondents who are followers of Instagram Viva.co.id. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale of 1-4. The theory used in this research is the theory of, media credibility, and the theory of consumer behavior and decisions to choose media. This research uses quantitative to determine the effect of the credibility variables as the X variable and the decision to choose the media as the Y variable. The data obtained and analyzed by conducting validation tests, reliability tests, T tests, R tests, normality tests. This research shows that the perception of credibility has an influence on the decision to choose the media by 14%. In the T-test, it can be seen that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is an corelation between Vivanews credibility on the decision to choose an online media portal.Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kredibilitas vivanews terhadap keputusan pemilihan portal media daring. Sampel yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 100 responden yang merupakan pengikut Instagram Viva.co.id. Peneliti melakukan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara yang umum dilakukan yaitu penyebaran kuesioner menggunakan skala likert 1-4. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori, Kredibilitas media, dan teori Perilaku konsumen dan keputusan memilih media. Penilitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari variabel – variabel kredibilitas sebagai variabel X dan Keputusan memilih media sebagai variabel Y. Data yang diperoleh dan di analisis dengan melakukan uji validasi, uji reliabilitas, uji T, Uji R, Uji Normalitas. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kredibilitas memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan memilih media sebesar 14%. dalam Uji T dapat diketahui bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima yang berarti bahwa adanya pengaruh antara kredibilitas Vivanews terhadap keputusan pemilihan portal media daring.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi TikTok terhadap Kreativitas Murid SMA Yuppentek 1 Tangerang di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Rizkiani Fauziah , Tamburian Daniel
Published: June 2022

TikTok is one of the most popular applications and is loved by the people of Indonesia, especially teenagers during this pandemic. The TikTok application allows users to create short videos ranging from 15 seconds to three minutes which is also accompanied by a wide selection of music, various filters, and several other creative features. With a short video duration, users are encouraged to be creative. The creativity that can be issued is also very diverse, ranging from the materials used, the selection of video effects and also other available features. This study uses a quantitative approach and uses an online survey method by distributing questionnaires in the form of google form which is supported by data processing of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 program. In this study, simple linear regression analysis was carried out, t test and coefficient test were used. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant effect between the use of the TikTok application on the creativity of students at SMA Yuppentek 1 Tangerang, and the results of a simple linear regression test with a constant value of 7135 and a regression coefficient of 0.544, with the t-test results showing a t-count value of 6.028 > t table 1987, and the results of the correlation coefficient test show a correlation value of r of 0.544.TikTok menjadi salah satu aplikasi yang paling popular serta banyak digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya para remaja di masa pandemi ini. Aplikasi TikTok memungkinkan penggunanya dapat membuat video pendek yang mulai dari 15 detik hingga tiga menit yang juga disertai dengan berbagai pilihan musik, filter yang beragam, serta beberapa fitur kreatif lainnya. Dengan durasi video yang singkat, pengguna didorong untuk berkreasi. Kreativitas yang bisa dikeluarkan pun sangat beragam, mulai dari bahan yang digunakan, pemilihan efek video dan juga fitur-fitur lain yang tersedia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode survei online dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dalam bentuk google form yang didukung dengan pengolahan data program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 26. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis regresi linier sederhana, Uji t dan uji koefisien digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan aplikasi TikTok terhadap kreativitas siswa di SMA Yuppentek 1 Tangerang, dan hasil uji regresi linier sederhana dengan nilai konstanta 7.135 dan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,544, dengan hasil uji t menunjukkan nilai t hitung sebesar 6.028 > t tabel 1.987, dan hasil uji koefisien korelasi menunjukkan nilai korelasi r sebesar 0,544.
Upaya Public Relations dalam Membangun Citra Brand Melalui E-commerce di Era Pandemi
Authors: Veren Veren , Setyanto Yugih
Published: June 2022

PT. Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama is a company as well as a factory that provides a large supply of cardboard. In this retail business that is being built, branding is needed that can attract customers and introduce the name and system in this retail business to the wider community. This study discusses the strategic role of Public Relations in building a brand through E-commerce in the pandemic era at PT Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama. The purpose of this study is to find out how the strategic role of Public Relations is carried out by the company PT Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama in building a brand through E-commerce. The type of research used by the researcher is with qualitative methods that are descriptive. Data collection techniques carried out by researchers in the form of participant observation, interviews, and documentation. The theories used to support this research are virtual communication theory, marketing communication, and new media theory. From the results of the research studied, it shows that the strategy for the role of Public Relations carried out by PT Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama is to apply PR principles such as customer engagement, customer service, and issues handling. From this, it can be concluded that these things are the main keys in building a brand image, especially through E-commercePT. Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama merupakan perusahaan sekaligus pabrik yang menyediakan supply kardus dalam jumlah besar. Dalam bisnis retail yang sedang dibangun ini, sangat dibutuhkan branding yang dapat menarik pelanggan dan memperkenalkan nama serta sistem dalam bisnis retail ini kepada masyarakat luas. Penelitian ini membahas tentang strategi peran Public Relations dalam membangun brand melalui E-commerce di era pandemi pada PT Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama. Tujuan dari riset berikut untuk mengetahui bagaimana upaya peran Public Relations yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan PT. Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama dalam membangun citra brand melalui E-commerce. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi partisipan, wawancara secara terstruktur, dan melakukan dokumentasi. Teori yang digunakan untuk mendukung penelitian ini yaitu teori komunikasi virtual, komunikasi pemasaran, dan teori media baru. Dari hasil penelitian yang diteliti menunjukkan bahwa strategi peran Public Relations yang dilakukan PT Putrajaya Hamindo Pratama yaitu menerapkan prinsip PR seperti customer engagement, customer service, dan issues handling. Dari hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hal-hal tersebut menjadi kunci utama dalam membangun sebuah citra brand khususnya melalui E-commerce.
Studi Komunikasi Budaya Masyarakat Toraja di Jakarta (Upaya Masyarakat Toraja Mempertahankan Budaya Asli)
Authors: Anthony Irvan Andress , Azeharie Suzy
Published: June 2022

Toraja is an area that has many unique cultures. However, over time many native Toraja people left hometown, and went to wander outside Toraja, one of which was Jakarta. The research with the title "Study of Cultural Communication of the Toraja Society in Indonesia" Jakarta (Efforts of the Toraja People to Maintain Indigenous Culture)” aims to: to find out how the Toraja people in Jakarta maintain their the culture. The method used in this research is the method qualitative with a descriptive approach. In support of this research, the authors using cultural theory, social exchange theory, and symbolic interaction theory. The author obtained data by using library research methods, interviews, and documentation. This research was conducted because there is no research that discusses the about how the Toraja people maintain their culture in Jakarta. Results research shows that the Toraja people in Jakarta still maintain their culture by still gathering together even though they are in Jakarta. Another way is to teach Toraja children in Jakarta about Toraja language and arts.Toraja merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki banyak keunikan budaya. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu banyak orang asli Toraja yang meninggalkan kampung halamannya, dan pergi merantau ke luar Toraja, salah satunya adalah Jakarta. Penelitian dengan judul “Studi Komunikasi Budaya Masyarakat Toraja di Jakarta (Upaya Masyarakat Toraja Mempertahankan Budaya Asli)” ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara masyarakat Toraja di Jakarta dalam mempertahankan kebudayaannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Dalam mendukung penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan teori budaya, teori pertukaran sosial, dan teori interaksi simbolik. Penulis memperoleh data dengan metode studi kepustakaan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena belum ada penelitian yang membahas mengenai cara masyarakat Toraja mempertahankan budayanya di Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Toraja di Jakarta masih mempertahankan budayanya dengan masih berkumpul bersama walau sedang berada di Jakarta. Cara lainnya yaitu dengan mengajarkan anak-anak Toraja di Jakarta mengenai bahasa dan kesenian Toraja.
Musik Rap Sebagai Budaya Hip-Hop di Mata Generasi Milenial (Studi Kasus Pelaku dan Penikmat Kolektif Dreamfilled)
Authors: Djulianto Hansen , Sukendro Gregorius Genep
Published: June 2022

Music is an art that organizes a collection of tones into a sound that has a very close meaning in life. Hip hop is a lifestyle commonly known as culture, Rap music is a genre of Hip hop music that has been circulating since the 70s. Hip hop is a dynamic mix consisting of MCing/Rapping, DJing, Graffiti, Breakdancing, still attached to the current era of the millennial generation. Dreamfilled is one of the rap music collectives dominated by millennials who have a real movement in Hip hop in making songs or following culture, this can be correlated with subculture and fashion theories, there are also supporting theories used namely perception, lifestyle, music and culture. The author uses a qualitative method and selects 5 informants, including 3 rappers from the collective The Dreamfilled, 1 male rap music lover and 1 female rap music lover. The conclusion of this research is that the millennial generation and rap music lovers in the Dreamfilled collective continue to follow the subculture and fashion of Hip hop which is still being developed today and becomes a lifestyle.Musik merupakan suatu seni yang mengorganisasikan kumpulan nada nada menjadi suatu bunyi yang mempunyai arti sangat dekat dalam kehidupan. Hip hop merupakan gaya hidup yang biasa disebut dengan kultur, musik Rap merupakan salah satu genre musik Hip hop yang sudah beredar semenjak tahun 70an. Hip hop merupakan perpaduan dinamis yang terdiri dari MCing/Rapping, DJing, Graffiti, Breakdancing, masih melekat hingga era generasi milenial saat ini. Dreamfilled merupakan salah satu kolektif musik rap yang didominasi oleh generasi milenial yang memiliki gerakan nyata dalam Hip hop dalam membuat karya lagu maupun mengikuti kultur, ini dapat dikorelasikan dengan teori subkultur dan fashion, ada juga teori pendukung yang dipakai yakni persepsi, gaya hidup, musik dan budaya. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dan memilih lima informan yang antara lain rapper dari kolektif The Dreamfilled, penikmat musik rap laki laki dan perempuan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah generasi milenial pelaku dan penikmat musik rap di kolektif Dreamfilled ini tetap mengikuti subkultur dan fashion dari Hip hop yang masih terus dikembangkan hingga saat ini dan menjadi gaya hidup.
Analisis Fungsi Media Instagram bagi Promosi Felize Beauty Bar
Authors: Lioni Lioni , Sari Wulan Purnama
Published: June 2022

Instagram is a social media that is widely used by people of various ages with various interesting features that can make users continue to be loyal to Instagram users and make Instagram a promotional medium. With Instagram's features, it helps business people to do promotions easily, cheaply, and practically through Instagram social media. The purpose of this study was to determine the function of Instagram media in promoting products or services. The theory used in this study is the theory of new media, Instagram, Instagram features, and Instagram as a promotional media. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with case study research methods, data collection is done by interview, observation, documentation, and literature study. The results show that the Instagram feature is useful when promoting on Instagram media, especially in interactions between followers and business accounts that offer services or products, the type of interaction that gets the most attention on the Instagram reels feature and Instagram stories.Instagram merupakan media sosial yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat dari berbagai kalangan usia dengan berbagai fitur menarik yang mampu membuat pengguna terus setia menjadi pengguna dan menjadikannya media promosi. Kini, fitur-fitur Instagram dapat membantu pebisnis untuk melakukan promosi dengan mudah, murah, dan praktis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui fungsi media Instagram dalam mempromosikan produk atau jasa. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori media baru, Instagram, fitur Instagram, dan Instagram sebagai media promosi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fitur Instagram berguna saat melakuka promosi di media Instagram, terutama dalam interaksi antara pengikut dengan akun bisnis yang menawarkan jasa atau produk. Diketahui, jenis interaksi yang paling mendapat perhatian pada fitur reels Instagram dan story Instagram.
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by Malayali tribes in Jawadhu hills of Eastern Ghats, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Magendiran M. , Vijayakumar K. K.
Published: June 2022

An ethnobotanical survey was carried out to collect information from the Malayali tribes of Jawadhu hills, Thiruvannamalai district, Tamilnadu, India from August 2016 to July 2017. A total of 63 plant species belonging to 32 families were distributed into 55 genera, which were commonly used by the local Malayali tribes for the treatment of various diseases such as headaches, fevers, asthma, coughs, colds, wounds, snake bites, piles, stomach disorders, skin diseases, gastric ulcers, kidney stones, urinary infection, diabetes, jaundice, inflammation etc. In the present study, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Amaranthaceae, and Asclepiadaceae are the most dominant families used in the treatment of various ailments. Generally, leaves are used to prepare herbal medicine. The ethnomedicinal plants used by the Malayali tribes were arranged alphabetically followed by botanical name, family, local name, medicinal uses and mode of administration.
The Effects of Interaction Functions between Two Cellular Automata
Authors:   Department of Bacteriology & Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine Program University of Wisconsin-Madison, Adams Alyssa M.
Published: June 2022

Biological systems are notorious for complex behavior within short timescales (e.g., metabolic activity) and longer timescales (e.g., evolutionary selection), along with their complex spatial organization. Because of their complexity and their ability to innovate with respect to their environment, living systems are considered to be open-ended. Historically, it has been difficult to model open-ended evolution and innovation. As a result, our understanding of the exact mechanisms that distinguish open-ended living systems from nonliving ones is limited. One of the biggest barriers is understanding how multiple, complex parts within a single system interact and contribute to the complex, emergent behavior of the system as a whole. How do interactions between parts of a system lead to more complex behavior of the system as a whole? This paper presents two interacting cellular automata (CAs) as an abstract model to address the effects of complex interactions between two individual entities embedded within a larger system. Unlike elementary CAs, each cellular automaton (CA) changes its update rules as a function of the system’s state as a whole. The resulting behavior of the two-CA system suggests that complex interaction functions between the two CAs have little to no effect on the complexity of each individual CA’s behavior and structure. However, having an interaction function that is random results in open-ended evolution regardless of the specific type of state-dependency.
A Use of Variety as a Law of the Universe
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering Amasya University, Dündar Furkan Semih
Published: June 2022

This paper explores the idea of a toy model universe as a character string where each character is either X or -. The string makes a transition between states that are of maximal variety. The definition of variety given by Barbour and Smolin is used in this paper. An interpretation of the toy model universe is given in terms of Everett’s many-worlds interpretation. The paper also discusses whether new maximal variety strings can be obtained by addition or subtraction of maximal variety strings. A few comments are included about the use of quantum computers, which may help find the maximal variety strings more quickly.
Historical stages of the evolution of state regulation of banking activity in the USSR: 1920s - early 1930s
Authors: Anshin Denis Valerevich
Published: June 2022

The article examines the evolution of state regulation of the banking sector in the initial period of socialist construction in the USSR. The development of the monetary system and the banking sector is considered in relation to the tasks facing the national economy of the country in the 1920s and 30s. The dynamics of these tasks determined the development of regulatory influences, the emergence of appropriate forms and mechanisms. The stages of the implementation of the credit reform of 1930s and its results are analyzed. The sequence of preparatory measures of the reform is considered, which concerned both the creation of prerequisites for the transition of enterprises to work in new monetary conditions, and the strengthening of the role of the State Bank as the main conductor of the reform. The analysis of the dynamics of the sectoral structure of lending and the changes that occurred as a result of the transition of the economy to new operating conditions. From the standpoint of a systematic approach, the structure of the system of state regulation of banking activity after the completion of the credit reform is studied. This structure is considered on the basis of the proposed organizational and functional model. The layout of the organizational and functional modeling of state banking regulation proposed by the author allows to consider the forms and mechanisms of regulation and interaction of participants in this process from the standpoint of a systematic approach. The Soviet experience of creating a system of state regulation is also interesting with a certain sequence of transformations: the preparation of preliminary measures distributed over time, then the implementation of a radical basic transformation (credit reform proper), the adjustment of decisions and practices based on the analysis of the actual results of transformations. Such an approach and aspect of the reform has been little studied in historical studies, but its understanding for modern Russian realities could be useful.
Editors' Introduction
Authors: Carley Robert , Jones Stefanie A , Laine Eero , Sula Chris Alen
Published: June 2022

As we begin this second decade of Lateral, we reflect on the origins of the journal and new initiatives underway. We also consider the precarious nature of scholarly publishing and editing in the pandemic and reaffirm our commitment to this care work. This issue features three articles—two of which emerged from our articles-in-progress workshop at last year's Cultural Studies Association annual meeting—as well as the 2021 Randy Martin Prize winning essay and a number of book reviews. We invite applications for our editorial team and proposals for new initiatives at the journal.
Review of A Violent Peace: Race, U.S. Militarism, and Cultures of Democratization in Cold War Asia and the Pacific by Christine Hong (Stanford University Press)
Authors: Hui Annie
Published: June 2022

Christine Hong’s 'A Violent Peace' examines local and global democratization projects and the many ways that postwar US military tactics and strategies functioned to suppress both counterrevolutionaries abroad in Asia and Black radicals at home in the US. Through literary and visual analyses of works by Ralph Ellison, Ōe Kenzaburō, Miné Okubo, Carlos Bulosan, James Baldwin, and W. E. B. Du Bois, Hong questions how to navigate US post-World War II policies that claim a period of democratized "peace" and racial integration while simultaneously dehumanizing "foreign" bodies through military tactics that police cultural and political belonging.
Risk Factors for Quadriceps Muscle Strain Injuries in Sport: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pietsch Samuel , Pizzari Tania
Published: June 2022

Objective

To identify risk factors for quadriceps muscle strain injury in sport.

Design

Risk factor systematic review.

Literature Search

A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINECINAHL, Embase, AMED, AUSPORT, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and Cochrane Library databases (from inception to September 2021).

Study Selection Criteria

Studies reporting prospective data to evaluate risk factors related to index and/or recurrent quadriceps muscle strain injury.

Data Synthesis

A risk-of-bias assessment (using a modified Quality in Prognosis Studies tool) was performed, and we used best-evidence synthesis to qualitatively synthesize the data to quantify relationships between risk factors and quadriceps muscle injury.

Results

Sixteen studies were included, capturing 2408 quadriceps injuries in 11 719 athletes. Meta-analyses were not performed due to clinical heterogeneity. The dominant kicking leg (over 3154 individuals, 1055 injuries), a previous history of quadriceps muscle injury (6208 individuals, 975 injuries), and a recent history of hamstring strain (4087 individuals, 581 injuries) were intrinsic factors associated with quadriceps injury. Extrinsic factors relating to the preseason period and competitive match play increased quadriceps injury risk; participating at higher levels of competition decreased quadriceps injury risk. Age, weight, and flexibility (intrinsic factors) had no association with quadriceps injury.

Conclusion

Previous quadriceps injury, recent hamstring injury, the dominant kicking leg, and competitive match play were the strongest risk factors for future quadriceps muscle injury in sport. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(6):389–400. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10870
Efeitos motores da rotenona em zebrafish como modelo animal da doença de Parkinson-like
Authors: Andrade André Lucas Corrêa de , Silva Renatta Priscilla Ferreira , Silva Jadson Freitas da , Cadena Pabyton Gonçalves
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a indução de sintomas semelhantes à Doença de Parkinson em zebrafish pela exposição à rotenona. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo experimental, conduzido em zebrafish adultos divididos em três grupos, um grupo controle, exposto à 1% (v/v) de DMSO e dois grupos expostos à 2 e 5 µg/L de rotenona por 28 dias consecutivos. Foram avaliados a atividade locomotora dos animais nos seguintes parâmetros: distância total, velocidade média e tempo parado. Parâmetros não-motores foram avaliados no teste de preferência claro/escuro para observar alterações comportamentais. Resultados: Reduções significativas entre os grupos expostos à rotenona (2 e 5 µg/L) em relação ao grupo controle foram observadas nos parâmetros de distância total (14,97 e 18,84%), velocidade média (15,05 e 18,39%) e número de linhas cruzadas (15,74 e 21,96%). Aumento do tempo parado de 82,15% foi observado apenas no grupo exposto à 5 µg/L de rotenona. Alterações na preferência de claro/escuro não foram observadas. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 15 e 35% para os grupos com 2 e 5 µg/L de rotenona, respectivamente. Conclusão: As concentrações de rotenona estudadas foram capazes de produzir efeitos negativos na atividade locomotora dos peixes, causando sintomas motores semelhantes à Doença de Parkinson.
Colestase intra-hepática gestacional: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Albuquerque Mariah Fernandes , Rodriguez Juan Eduardo Rios , Sousa Alexia Aina de Freitas , Gil Ana Paula de Siqueira Moreira , Farias Rodrigo Oliveira , Pinto Ana Paula Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Realizar análise e revisão dos principais artigos disponíveis sobre Colestase Intrahepática Gestacional (CIG), discorrendo sobre a influência genética, fatores de risco associados, diagnóstico e tratamento. Revisão bibliográfica: A CIG é um distúrbio que leva ao aumento sérico de ácido biliar, geralmente acometendo mulheres gestantes no último trimestre da gravidez. Possui manifestações clínicas variáveis, sendo o prurido em superfície palmar e plantar a associação mais comumente encontrada. Para realizar o diagnóstico é preciso levar em considerações os achados clínicos e laboratoriais, além de afastar outras causas como cálculos em vias biliares e colelitíase. O tratamento depende do período gestacional em que se encontra a mulher, sendo a interrupção da gestação através do parto o tratamento definitivo. Entretanto caso não seja possível, o tratamento clínico de controle de sintomas é feito com ácido ursodesoxicólico, em dose-padrão de 300mg três vezes ao dia. Considerações finais: Apesar de ser uma complicação rara, a CIG pode levar a desfechos materno fetais desfavoráveis, com necessidade de acompanhamento médico durante a gravidez para diagnóstico e tratamento.
SELECTION OF SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND METHODS FOR MONITORING THE ACTIVITIES OF A BUSINESS STRUCTURE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kniaz Sviatoslav , Skrynkovskyy Ruslan ,   Lviv University of Business and Law, Konovalyuk Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Rusyn-Hrynyk Roman ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2022

The article reveals and substantiates the theoretical aspects of selection the sources of necessary and relevant information, which is used to choose the method of monitoring the activities of the business structure. It is proved that it is of practical value to obtain information from alternative sources. Because, objective, information is considered to be documented or corroborated by several sources. The classification of sources of management information is constructed. It is substantiated that from the listed classifications of sources of information, it is necessary to distinguish only those classification features and types of sources of information that have the greatest practical significance. The correspondence of sources of information to the methods of monitoring is given, namely the types of sources of information, sources of relevant information and relevant methods of monitoring are identified. An expert survey was conducted on the frequency of monitoring methods used by business structures. This survey showed that among the above monitoring methods, the most commonly used is the comparison method. It is found out the systematized set of sources of information and monitoring methods is a prerequisite for the possibility of practical application of the monitoring system in practice. The model of monitoring the activity of the business structure through the prism of topological and metric spaces is shown, which shows the reliability and timeliness of information. It is analyzed that in open economic and management systems, which includes the system of monitoring the activities of business structures, the analysis of identified factors is performed to decide on the use of identified capabilities of the monitored object or its environment or to solve specific problems.
أثر القيادة الملهمة في تعزيز الثقافة التنظيمية بوزارة الاقتصاد الوطني
Authors: أبو جربوع يوسف علي
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مستوى القيادة الملهمة والثقافة التنظيمية لدى العاملين بوزارة الاقتصاد الوطني والكشف عن العلاقة بين القيادة الملهمة والثقافة التنظيمية لدى العاملين بوزارة الاقتصاد الوطني، والتعرف على إمكانية التنبؤ بالقيادة الملهمة في ضوء تعزيز الثقافة التنظيمية لدى العاملين بوزارة الاقتصاد الوطني تعزى لمتغير (الجنس) واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، والاستبانة أداة؛ تم توزيعها على عينة تكونت من (281) من العاملين في وزارة الاقتصاد الوطني، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن نسبة القيادة الملهمة لدى العاملين في وزارة الاقتصاد التي بلغت (83.88%) وهو مستوى كبير، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن نسبة الثقة بالنفس بلغت (86.86%) وأن نسبة الرؤية المستقبلية بلغت (85.64%) وكلاهما بمستوى "كبير جدا"، كما أن نسبة تمكين العاملين بلغت (79.3%) وبلغت نسبة مستوى الثقافة التنظيمية (79.96%) وكلاهما بمستوى "كبير". وفي ضوء النتائج أوصى الباحث بضرورة اهتمام قادة الوزارة بإشراك العاملين في اتخاذ القرارات، واعتماد مبدأ النزاهة والشفافية في العمل، وتعزيز الثقافة التنظيمية داخل الوزارة، بالإضافة لتعميم نتائج الدراسة على باقي الوزارات.
The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in Palestine
Authors: المبيض Mueen Ghazi
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to find if there is an impact of the entrepreneurship education programs and courses on the entrepreneurial intentions of university’ students to new ventures in Palestine. And the study inspected the impact of Entrepreneurial knowledge on Entrepreneurial intentions. In this study, the researcher utilized a descriptive analytical method, and has used Stata program. Data has been collected via questionnaire. Sample Participants in the research comprised of students who are, at the time of the study, in the Palestinian Universities in Palestine in their last year of bachelor education of chosen faculties. These faculties are limited to Commerce (business and accounting), Engineering and Information Technology. The study revealed that there is no statistical impact of Entrepreneurial knowledge on perceived desirability, and there is no statistical impact of Entrepreneurial knowledge on perceived feasibility, while the study reported that there is no statistical impact of perceived desirability on Entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, the study revealed that there is no statistical impact of perceived feasibility on Entrepreneurial intentions, in addition that there is no statistical impact of Entrepreneurial knowledge on Entrepreneurial intentions. Finally, the study has recommended many practical and theoretical advices to concerned academic and business organizations in Palestine.
Investigation of the assessment system in primary schools in Turkey and Syria (A comparative study)
Authors: Haraki Omer Abdullah
Published: June 2022

The study aimed to compare assessment systems at the primary level in Turkey and Syria. In this study, the descriptive method was used in investigating and comparing the data, and the study sample was identified in two countries, namely Syria and Turkey, based on the target sample from the Middle East. The results of the study presented many similarities and differences between the educational assessment system in the countries concerned with the study; the educational assessment system of in Turkey is based on the alternative assessment system. In addition, teachers in the classroom apply various measurement methods. The study noticed that the assessment is intense and sequential. Despite this, there are some gaps in tracking modern assessment and measurement systems and the flexibility in their application. For Syria is based on continuous assessment. Despite the Ministry of Education's recommendation to follow modern measurement methods in the education process, many teachers still follow traditional measurement methods. One of the reasons for this is that the teacher does not pay enough attention and his salary is low. Also, we find a similarity between the assessment policy in Syria and Turkey, in terms of reducing written exams and focusing on performance assessment. In terms of the assessment process, there is a difference as well, but in terms of the strategies and tools used in the assessment, there is almost similarity. In terms of the scoring method, there is also a difference.
Motivation, A Key Booster for Teachers’ Performance: A Case Study on Public Schools in North Macedonia
Authors: Ismaili Diturije , Ollogu Elisabeta Bajrami , Xhelili Arta , Shaqiri Kaltrina Zekolli
Published: June 2022

The quality of an educational system is closely connected with the quality of its teachers. Thus, research into the elementary teachers’ motivation is of a high importance. The main purpose of this study is to describe and identify the level of teachers’ motivation, factors influencing teachers’ motivation and its impact on teachers’ job performance in public elementary schools in the municipality of Chair, Republic of North Macedonia. Furthermore, this study examines teachers’ work consumption and organizational engagement as they relate to teaching performance. Teachers’ motivation was examined through focus groups with the principles of 10 elementary schools and a questionnaire administered to the teachers of elementary education. A sample of 319 teachers participated in the survey. The questionnaire was developed based on literature review. The findings of the study revealed that teachers’ high motivation is closely related to their students’ result. The factors that influenced teachers’ motivation were their salary level, the working conditions related to infrastructure and the interpersonal relations and communication with the leaders of the institutions and/or colleagues. After analysis numerous recommendations were given to help educational institutions provide better support to teachers and improve their levels of motivation and their job performance, such as providing a satisfying work infrastructure, key resources, and professional development opportunities, increasing salaries and giving acknowledgments and recognitions to motivate teachers’ and thus increase their job performance and satisfaction.
Efficiency of Online Learning and Difficulties Encountered: Case of Albanian Students
Authors: Shoraj Dritan , Kadiu Esra
Published: June 2022

The end of last century and the beginning of 21st century marked a significant evolution in information technology and virtual world as a whole, which influenced and dictated the way of living and working around the world, especially in the most developed countries. Thanks to this development, it was possible to cope successfully and continuously during Covid 19 pandemic. Education as one of the strategic and most sensitive sectors, due to Covid 19 pandemic, faced the online learning platform around the globe. In the US and in some developed EU countries, the online learning platform has been a practice applied in the past. However, for many other countries, including Albania, the online learning platform was something new that students and faculty had to face at any rate. Yet, are stakeholders ready to face the online learning platform? This study has analyzed some of the obstacles faced by students, upon the implementation of the online platform. It will be observed whether the efficiency of online learning will have the same efficiency as classical learning. These many other questions will be answered through an empirical and theoretical analysis that was made possible through an online survey, which surveyed 1672 students from all private and public universities operating in the Albanian territory. Multi-factor analysis will be performed through SPSS program, ANOVA test, and Chi-square (x2). Finally, some conclusions finalize this scientific study.
End of Transition, but Failure to Democratize: Democratic Consolidation in Albania Analyzed in the Frame of Political Elite Normative Preference for Democracy
Authors: Margariti Genti
Published: June 2022

Albania is an exceptional case study for exploring democratic consolidation as the country has a unique political history, a sui generis case. This means that the county's history during the last decades consists of various government transitions from autocratic to democratic and yet losing the democratic quality, thus it failed to consolidate the democracy. The main goal is to investigate democratic consolidation process under the frame of political elite’s role and normative preference for democratic consolidation assessment. I will use qualitative analysis involving of theory consuming engaging the questions of, if recently Albania ended a long transition, but still failed to democratize. What are the main trajectories or the path of the future of democratic consolidation? Albanian political elites have lacked good alternatives and clear policies, which has been accompanied by a systematic abuse of power, reflected in poor and ineffective governance and in the failure to implement the promised reforms. Under this assumption, strong and reliable elite’s decision-making are important in explaining the consolidation of democracies but not sufficient to guarantee consolidation. I will try to explore a few aspects of democratic consolidation in Albania, in terms of strength of democratic values represented by the ruling elites. Recently, with the historical events of present elections could be assumed the end of transition in Albania. Paradigms of changes of old elites, and establishment of state of law, could possibly open some trajectories for democratic consolidation.