bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of optimum design of welded beam design via machine learning
Authors: Aydın Yaren , Ahadian Farnaz , Bekdaş Gebrail , Nigdeli Sinan Melih
Published: September 2024

Design optimization is an important engineering design topic. One of the important issues in structural design is to minimize the cost. This study based on an engineering problem of Welded Beam Design aims to minimize the cost of the beam with machine learning (ML) models depending on the constraints on applied load, shear stress, bending stress and end deflection. The data set to be used in this context was created using a metaheuristic optimization algorithm. This hybrid algorithm is based on the classical Jaya algorithm by adding the student phase of Teaching Learning Based Optimization. The dataset obtained as a result of the optimization is a dataset with 1189 rows. Six different algorithms were used for prediction analyses. These are Linear Regression, Decision Tree, Elastic Net, K-Nearest Neighbour, Random Forest, and XGBoost algorithm. In the data set, load, length, and displacement are input; the design variables such as b, h, l, t and minimum cost are output. Since there is more than one output in the dataset, Multioutput Regression is applied. The performance of regression models was assessed using the Coefficient of Determination (R²), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). According to the results obtained, the Decision Tree Model showed the best performance among the other models (R2=1, MAE=6.13e-11, RMSE=9.47e-10).
The effect of build direction on component strength in SLA-based additive manufacturing
Authors: Ghahramanzadeh Asl Hojjat , Karaman Derya
Published: September 2024

Nowadays additive manufacturing is frequently used, especially in industrial applications such as aerospace and biomedical. In the additive manufacturing method, thanks to the layered manufacturing technique, it enables the production of components with all kinds of complex geometries and accelerates the production process. As it is known, the orientation of the layers in the additive manufacturing technique affects the mechanical properties of the components. Among the parameters affecting strength, layer thickness, production direction and layer geometry are of great importance. In this study, the effect of layer orientation on component strength in SLA-based additive manufacturing was experimentally investigated. Consequently, standard tensile samples were produced at four different production orientation using the UV Stereolithography method. Tests of the tensile samples were carried out at constant tensile speed and tensile curves were obtained. According to the results, it was determined that the layer joints parallel to the shear plane exhibited the lowest strength. Therefore, samples produced at the parallel to the shear plane fractures at lower loads and showed low strength. Considering the experimental results obtained, it has been determined that the structure orientation affects the mechanical properties of the component by ~20%.
Evaluation of the Claim that Islam Frightens People with Eternal Pain
Authors: Saruhan Müfit Selim
Published: September 2024

There are various prejudices in society regarding the Islamic concepts of faith. These prejudices are easily eliminated when faced with true knowledge and basic religious sources. Allegations often represent uninformed judgment. The main goal of this article is to clarify a frequently asked question about Islamic beliefs regarding the afterlife. According to some, this question has recently caused young people to break away from faith. To what extent can we embrace a religion that predicts eternal torment? In this article, we draw attention to these prejudices and encourage readers to investigate the intellectual depth of Islam based on knowledge. Humans have great potential. However, a person can achieve happiness in both the world and the hereafter by revealing the potential given to him from birth through his/her choices and behaviors. A person can reveal his existing talent in the best and most accurate way by reflecting on the meanings of the names of his Lord, who created him, in his life and living in accordance with them. Prejudices regarding Islamic religion’s understanding of the afterlife have come to the fore on social media and books. In this article, we discuss the claim about Islam that "it scares us with eternal torment.” Does Islam really scare people with punishments? Are people attached to Islam out of fear, as claimed? Does the Holy Quran suppress questioning? Or does this encourage it? It is possible to find many pros and consensuses in the history of commentary and theology regarding whether punishment is eternal. While evaluating these views, we must be responsible for ensuring and filtering whether they conform to the spirit and basic goals of the Holy Quran and Hadiths. The fact that the names of forgiving, merciful, and merciful are among the beautiful Names of Allah (Al-Asma Al-Husna), but the names of the one who punishes, the one who is angry, and the one who torments are excluded, should be accepted as evidence that the punishment will not be eternal. Mercy is an ancient attribute that cannot be separated from the essence of Allah.
Myths Around Stroke and Failures of Broadcasts Preventive Communication: Lived Experiences of Stroke Patients and Survivors in Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ibrahim Y. , Olayinka Saheed , Adisa Rasaq M. , Udende Patrick , Yusuf Sholola A.
Published: September 2024

Despite that stroke is regarded as the second cause of death in the world, it is less discussed in the media, as such awareness. The study which was anchored on Health Belief Model adopted a qualitative research design, while the interview was employed as the data gathering method from the informants purposely selected from Stroke Rehabilitation Center, Osogbo, Nigeria. Thematic Analysis, with the aids of NVivo 10 Software, was adopted to carry out the analysis. The study’s findings revealed that stroke patients and survivors expressed disappointment at the low attention given to the coverage of the incidence of stroke in Nigeria, despite lots of myths surrounding it. Among the challenges encountered by stroke patients and survivors include inadequate stroke information especially, from broadcast media, and lack of awareness. The study recommended that journalists should be more proactive in reporting and discussing stroke, especially on symptoms, causes, and management, as a large number of victims exist in developing countries where there is a high case of stroke prevalence. It also recommended that government should equip public hospitals with tools and personnel to be able to manage all forms of paralysis.
An Overview of Nigerian Government Policies on Combating Poverty and Food Insecurity in North East, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulazeez Sajoh , Hamidu Auwal
Published: September 2024

Poverty and food insecurity are closely linked, and they form a vicious circle that requires a wide range of discourse and expositions. The concepts that have a significant influence on low-income groups in society, especially in terms of conflicts, national phenomena such as floods, storms, draught, insurgency, and banditry, as witnessed in the North East, Nigeria in states such as the Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe states. The federal government, state governments, and non-governmental organizations have engaged in a series of humanitarian assistance activities, especially in areas of food security, poverty eradication, and accommodation for vulnerable citizens in the North East. Poverty and hunger have been identified as endemic and can affect individual progress and national development. Therefore, this paper attempts to provide an overview of Nigerian government policies in combating poverty and food insecurity, focusing on BAY states (Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe) in North East, Nigeria. In this regard, the government and NGOs have adopted explicit agricultural, social, and economic policies and programs meant to combat poverty and hunger in Nigeria. The research adopted a qualitative method of data collection, secondary sources of data, and personal observation. The study also identified that the Northeast is one of the regions suffering from food insecurity and poverty amidst the fuel hike, and a high rate of inflation increases the prices of goods and services and depreciation of the naira. The study recommends among others that, there are need to provide an enabling environment for farmers and create job opportunities through agricultural support, skill acquisitions and emergency food assistance and ensure stable Exchange rate of the national currency, the naira should be strengthened and stabilized. Finally, the Nigerian government must start producing the fuel it consumes domestically, support indigenous refineries, and effectively coordinate with various stakeholders to achieve maximum results.
The Portrayal of Women in Social Media: Implications for Social Work Practice
Authors: Gowda Manasa
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the depiction of women on social media platforms and their ramifications for social work intervention. Utilizing qualitative content analysis, a selection of social media posts were examined to discern prevalent themes concerning women's portrayals. Our analysis reveals a multifaceted landscape characterized by discussions on body image, perpetuation of stereotypes, narratives of empowerment, and advocacy. Through thematic interpretation, we explored the significance of these themes in shaping societal perceptions of gender and influencing individual behaviors. In addition, we discuss the implications of these findings for social work practice, highlighting the necessity of challenging detrimental stereotypes and fostering gender equity. Despite limitations such as sample size and generalizability, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on gender representation in the media and its impact on social justice initiatives.
Analysis of Fiscal Policy, Informality, and Economic Growth Nexus in Nigeria
Authors: Okeke Chiamaka Lucy , Orji Anthony , Nwosu Emmanuel , Anthony-Orji Onyinye
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of fiscal policy on the informal sector and economic growth in Nigeria. In this study, fiscal policy is unbundled into two distinctive categories: government spending and tax burden. The study adopted the ARDL model and bound cointegration test to ascertain whether there is evidence of long- or short-run equilibrium relationships among the core variables. The results show that government expenditure has a positive and significant effect on the size of Nigeria’s informal sector. In the long run, tax or tax burden has no significant effect on the size of the informal sector in Nigeria. This might be attributed to the fact that not a significant number of businesses is captured in the tax net. The results further show that fiscal policy, measured as total government expenditure, has no statistically significant effect on Nigeria’s economic growth in the short run. However, a change in the tax burden has a positive and statistically significant effect on Nigeria’s economic growth. The study recommends that the government implement market-friendly policies that would help integrate the informal economy with the formal economy to boost government tax revenue and enhance fiscal discipline.
The Relationship Between Emotional Expression and Marital Satisfaction Among Couples Living with Parents or In-Laws
Authors: Putri Arum Erlita , Kusumaningrum Fitri Ayu
Published: September 2024

Marital satisfaction is a subjective feeling that a couple feels about their marriage, including feelings of happiness, satisfaction and the pleasant things they experience. This research aims to determine and empirically test the relationship between marital satisfaction and emotional expression in couples who live with their parents. The number of participants in this study was 67 subjects who lived in the same house as their parents. This research uses a quantitative (correlational) research design. The measuring instruments used in this research were the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) developed by Fowers & Olson (1993) and the Sel-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire (1995). The results of this study state that there is a significant positive relationship between marital satisfaction and the expression of positive emotions and there is a significant positive relationship between marital satisfaction and the expression of negative emotions. Data from different tests and demographic correlation tests (gender, age, age at marriage, number of children, and income) are subject to further discussion.
Fractional Derivative of Hyperbolic Function
Authors: Janan Syifaul , Janan Tuhfatul
Published: September 2024

Fractional derivative is a generalization of ordinary derivative with non-integer or fractional order. This research presented fractional derivative of hyperbolic function (hyperbolic sine, hyperbolic cosine, hyperbolic tangent, hyperbolic cotangent, hyperbolic secant, and hyperbolic cosecant) with order constraint . The hyperbolic function is presented in Maclaurin series form. Then, the fractional derivative can be determined by using definition of Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative. The result is simulated by using Matlab software
Log-Rank Test as A Continuation of The Kaplan-Meier Method in Survival Analysis Using R Language (Case Study: D-penicillamine Treatment on the Probabillity of Survival in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) Patients at the Mayo Clinic)
Authors: Putri Ferennia , Martadiputra BAP , Lukman Lukman
Published: September 2024

From 1974 to 1984, Mayo Clinic conducted a D-penicillamine trial to improve the chances of survival of PBC patients. Mayo Clinic conducted a randomized placebo-controlled trial on patients to compare D-penicillamine with D-penicillamine. Mayo Clinic considered other variables besides the time of death or censored time in its study, namely the variables of Ascites, Hepatomegaly, Spider or the presence of esophageal varices, and other PBC symptom variables. Therefore, the author conducted this study to find out D-penicillamine as a drug treatment for PBC by only looking at the variable of time of death or censored time and the variable of drug treatment received by patients during the ten-year data collection period and completing the study with statistical science. Based on that, the author used survival analysis with the Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank methods to find D-penicillamine as a PBC drug treatment. This study shows how to complete the analysis using the R language. The study results showed that D-penicillamine treatment was not good enough to increase the survival chances of PBC patients
Applying problem-based learning to entrepreneurship education and innovation through an online laboratory
Authors: Sudarwati Ninik , Chalimah Chalimah , Nurhayati Dies
Published: September 2024

The research is essential to be conducted as the shift from traditional classroom instruction to online instruction becomes a requirement for 21st-century environmental learning. Before implementing e-learning, everything must be ready, and students’ attitudes must be taken into account. This study, therefore, sought to describe students' attitudes regarding online learning in entrepreneurship courses following the implementation of problem-based learning through online laboratory entrepreneurship (PBL-OLE). The research design applied is combination of quantitative and qualitative. The analysis of the data was done with quantitative descriptive techniques. The phenomenon of students' attitudes toward e-learning was documented in a number of contexts, including the TelRA domain and students' attitudes toward economic learning. The results of the student surveys were compared and explained in this descriptive quantitative study. According to the students' attitudes toward entrepreneurship, e-learning, and gender, students' perspectives were described. 28 college students who were chosen at random from University of PGRI Jombang in economic education program in East Java, Indonesia, participated in this study as respondents. Based on the E-learning challenges, the results revealed that the mean score was. Educational Institutions must be conscientious in order to produce creative classroom instruction if it wants to increase and improve students' attitudes with regard to e-learning and business.
Adaby Ijtimȃ’i Pattern In The Interpretation Of The Risâlat Al-Qaûl Al-Bayân By Sulaiman Al-Rasuli Al-Minangkabawi
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri
Published: September 2024

One of the purposes of writing interpretations is to show that the Qur'an will always be a guide and an answer to various problems that occur in people's lives. Of course, the problems faced by each interpreter are different, so this is one of the causes for the emergence of various works of interpretation with different methods and patterns. Risâlat Al-Qaûl Al-Bayân is a work by Nusantara scholars from Minangkabau written in Minangkabau-Malay Arabic script and first published in 1929 AD by Mathba'at al-Islâmiyah. This study employs a literature review with descriptive and qualitative explanations. The results show that the interpretation of Risalat al-Qaul al-Bayan has an adabi ijtima'i pattern. As evidenced in several detentions against verses of the Koran, the pressure on social aspects of al-Rasuli When folding QS. Al-Fajr verses 17-20, QS. Al-Balad 14-16, QS. Al-Dhuha 9-10, and QS. Al-Ma'un al-Rasuli, for example, the public is encouraged to care more for the mustad'afîn (weak people), such as the poor and orphans. Because al-Rasuli saw that people's lives at that time were beginning to be influenced by a lifepattern of hedonism and prioritizing themselves, while there were still many poor people and abandoned orphans.
HADITH OF THE PROPHET CONCERNING THE INTENTIONS FROM THE PRESPECTIVE OF NOAM CHOMSKY’S TRANSFORMATIVE THEORY
Authors: Fabrori Fahri Muhaimin
Published: September 2024

Hadith narrated by several narrators sometimes has the same editing. From these similarities, sometimes Muslims think that there are no differences in the editorial, as well as in socio-historical aspects. Due to the existence of this problem, this research needs to be carried out to eliminate the assumption that there is no difference. This research analyzes the Prophet’s Hadith about intentions using Nosm Chomsky’s transformative generative theory, and the method used is qualitative. In this article, the author describes two hadiths about intentions which were all narrated by Imam Bukhori with almost the same editorial. However, if you look more closely, several hadith sentences are not the same, whether in the form of addition/ziyadah, al-ittisa’/expansion, or al-Ihlal/replacement. The results of this research show that the Hadith about intention number one shows that this Hadith is a form of information that is convincing and general. In the Hadith, two tawkid customs have real meanings and several redactions that do not refer to specific redactions. Meanwhile, Hadith number 52 does not contain the custom of taukid, which refers to information or just reporting. Then there is the additional sentence ila Allahi wa rasulih which shows specificity and a more complete editorial.

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Hadits yang diriwayatkan oleh beberapa perawi terkadang mempunyai penyuntingan yang sama. Dari persamaan tersebut, terkadang umat Islam menganggap tidak ada perbedaan dalam redaksional, maupun dalam aspek sosio-historis. Oleh karena adanya permasalahan tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian ini untuk menghilangkan anggapan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan. Penelitian ini menganalisis Hadits Nabi tentang niat menggunakan teori transformatif generatif Nosm Chomsky, dan metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Dalam artikel ini penulis memaparkan dua hadis tentang niat yang semuanya diriwayatkan oleh al-Bukhori dengan redaksi yang hampir sama. Namun jika dicermati, ada beberapa kalimat hadis yang tidak sama, baik yang berbentuk penambahan/ziyadah, al-ittisa’/perluasan, maupun al-Ihlal/pengganti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hadits tentang niat nomor satu menunjukkan bahwa Hadits ini merupakan salah satu bentuk informasi yang meyakinkan dan bersifat umum. Dalam hadis tersebut terdapat dua adat tawid yang mempunyai makna nyata dan beberapa redaksi yang tidak mengacu pada redaksi tertentu. Sedangkan hadis nomor 52 tidak memuat adat taukid yang mengacu pada informasi atau sekedar pemberitaan. Lalu ada tambahan kalimat ila Allahi wa rasulih yang menunjukkan kekhususan dan redaksional yang lebih lengka].
TAKHRIJ AL-HADITH IN MU’JAM AL-KABIR: THE PROHIBITION OF OVEREATING IN ISLAM
Authors: Nasution Alhafidh , Nurdiana Evi , Rohmah Qonitatu Zulfatu
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated by the fact that many Muslims are not aware of the urgency of studying the science of hadith and its implementation in life. Therefore, this study aims to examine a hadith related to the prohibition of excessive eating in the book Mu’jam al-Kabir by Imam at-Thabrani as one of the efforts in implementing the science of hadith. This study also aims to provide understanding to the Muslim community to avoid diseases that harm health due to overeating. The result of this research is that in the book Mu’jam al-Kabir, it is explained that the Prophet Muhammad likened people who overeat to unbelievers who are less grateful for the favor of Allah. On the contrary, it is said that a grateful believer will understand how to be right with Allah and not make material things the purpose of his life. Therefore, it can be seen the difference in attitudes and views between Believers and Infidels in receiving Allah’s favor. Using the methodology of takhrij hadith, it can be concluded that the hadith has the degree of shahih, there is no shadz, ‘illah, or defects in the hadith. All narrators of hadith have the nature of Thiqah so that the hadith can be accepted.

 

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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya umat Muslim yang kurang sadar akan urgensi mempelajari ilmu hadis serta implementasinya dalam kehidupan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji suatu hadis terkait larangan makan berlebihan dalam kitab Mu’jam al-Kabir karya Imam at-Thabrani sebagai salah satu upaya dalam implementasi ilmu hadis. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat Muslim agar terhindar dari penyakit yang merugikan kesehatan sebab makan berlebihan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dalam kitab Mu’jam al- Kabir dijelaskan bahwa Nabi Muhammad mengumpamakan orang yang makan berlebih layaknya orang kafir yang kurang bersyukur akan nikmat Allah. Sebaliknya, dikatakan bahwa orang  Mukmin  yang  bersyukur  akan  mengerti  bagaimana adab yang benar terhadap Allah dan tidak menjadikan materi sebagai tujuan dari hidupnya. Oleh karena itu, dapat dilihat perbedaan sikap dan pandangan antara orang Mukmin dan Kafir dalam menerima nikmat Allah. Dengan menggunakan metodologi takhrij hadis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hadis tersebut memiliki derajat shahih, tidak ada syadz, ‘illah, maupun kecacatan dalam hadis. Serta keseluruhan perawi hadis memiliki sifat Thiqah sehingga hadis tersebut dapat diterima.]
CONTEXTUALIZATION OF THE MEANING OF HADITH REGARDING THE EXHORTATION TO INCREASE OFFSPRING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HASAN HANAFI’S HERMENEUTICS: A Counter Effort Against the Childfree Phenomenon
Authors: Noorhidayati Salamah , Ariesti Rasyid Dara Sri
Published: September 2024

This research aims to uncover the meaning of the text and context, as well as the effort to contextualize the meaning of the Hadith concerning the encouragement to have many offspring in order to counter the phenomenon. It poses three research questions: firstly, what is the quality of the Hadith concerning the encouragement to have many offspring. Secondly, we will examine the meaning of the Hadith regarding the encouragement to have many offspring. Thirdly, we will explore the contextualization of the meaning of the Hadith concerning the encouragement to have many offspring within the context of childfree. This study is a literature review with a deductive approach, employing the hermeneutic method of Hadith by Hasan Hanafi through three operational steps, namely historical criticism, eidetic criticism, and practical criticism. As a result of this research, the first finding is that the Hadith about the encouragement to have many offspring is considered to be authentic (sahih lighairihi). Secondly, the textual meaning is the prohibition of celibacy and marrying infertile women, as well as the recommendation to get married, while the contextual meaning is that the Prophet will take pride in having numerous descendants. Thirdly, contextualization of the hadith, which is about having descendants and preserving the lineage.

[Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi sejak munculnya fenomena dalam sebuah pernikahan yang mulai marak diperbincangkan. Fenomena tersebut yakni adanya sepasang suami istri yang menolak untuk memiliki anak, karena pada hakikatnya fenomena ini dapat memutuskan mata rantai regenerasi yang mengakibatkan kerusakan dari sisi akidah maupun dari sisi sosial kemasyarakatan. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengungkap makna teks dan konteks serta upaya kontekstualisasi makna hadis tentang anjuran memperbanyak keturunan dalam rangka meng-counter fenomena tersebut, dengan mengajukan tiga rumusan masalah yaitu pertama, Bagaimana kualitas hadis tentang anjuran memperbanyak keturunan. Kedua, Bagaimana makna hadis tentang anjuran memperbanyak keturunan. ketiga, Bagaimana kontekstualisasi makna hadis tentang anjuran memperbanyak keturunan dalam konteks childfree. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis studi kepustakaan yang bersifat deduktif dengan menggunakan metode hermeneutika hadis Hasan Hanafi melalui tiga langkah operasional yaitu langkah kritik historis, kritik eidetis, dan kritik praksis. Sebagai hasil temuan dari penelitian ini yaitu pertama, Hadis tentang anjuran memperbanyak keturunan memiliki kualitas shahih lighairihi. Kedua, Makna tekstual yaitu larangan membujang dan menikahi wanita mandul serta anjuran untuk menikah, sedangkan makna kontekstual yakni nabi akan berbangga dengan banyaknya keturunan. Ketiga, Kontekstualisasi makna hadis yakni memiliki keturunan dan menjaaga keturunan.]
A Geospatial Model for Identifying Stream Infrastructure Locations
Authors: Vandevort Daniel T. , Engel Chandler S. , Stanton Shaun R.
Published: September 2024

Management of hydraulic infrastructure for flood control, hydropower, navigation, and water supply is a critical component of the Army Dams and Transportation Infrastructure Program (ADTIP). This project provides a tool to locate stream infrastructure using a one-dimensional approach supplemented with geospatial filtering that only needs digital elevation model (DEM) files as primary input. The regions in and around Forts Liberty, Sill, and Cavazos were selected as study areas, and stream networks with corresponding stream elevation profiles were created and searched for elevation changes that met vertical threshold and search window criteria. Recall, Fβ, and a ratio of under to overprediction were used to evaluate performance. The search algorithm generally overpredicts the number of stream infrastructure locations and especially so for large search windows (20 or 25 cells) and small vertical threshold values (5 or 10 m). Overall, it was found that midrange vertical threshold values (2 or 2.5 m with long search windows (20 or 25 cells) with the land cover classification (LCC) check applied yielded results that minimized false negatives and overpredictions. The significance of this tool is that it may reduce costly field investigations, or at least aid in the prioritization of site visits for hydraulic infrastructure managers.
Epidemiologocial Profile of Medico-Legal Cases at Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern India
Authors:   Associate Professor, Depatment of Forensic Medicine and Toxciology, Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110010, India,, M. Sarala , Manral Ishita ,   Associate Professor, Depatment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, Maharashtra, India,, Kumar Tippesh ,   Associate Professor, Depatment of Forensic Medicine and Toxciology, Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110010, India,, Ojha Dipankar ,   Professor, Depatment of Hospital Administration, Command Hospital, Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India., R. Dhokia Gautam ,   Senior Resident, Depatment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, Maharashtra, India,, T. Anandhakrishnan ,   Junior Resident, Depatment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, Maharashtra, India,
Published: September 2024

IntroductIon: There is an increasing rate of mortality and morbidity amongst the medicolegal cases in India. Knowledge of these cases is necessary to initiate a medico-legal case, treat such cases and further disposal in hospital. It is also needed to implement changes in the law and safety at work, home and roads. The saim of the study was to determine the epidemiological profile of medico-legal cases reported to Tertiary Centre in West Bengal during the study period and to study the epidemiological profile of different medico-legal cases in the hospital. Methodology: This study is a retrospective hospital based observational study which was conducted in the casualty of tertiary hospital in Eastern India from November 2018 to January 2021. It is a tertiary care centres with referrals from in and around the state. results: In our study we saw a decreasing trend of Medico-legal cases as the years passed by. A male preponderance of the cases (60%) compared to females. the ratIo of Males: Female was 1.5:1. 57% of our Medico-legal cases were road traffic accident and 18% were fall from height and found dead cases respectively. 36% (505) cases were in the 31- 40 years age group followed closely by the 41-50 years age group 30% (421). This was followed by 51-60 years (11%) and 21-30 years and 61-70 years (10% each). conclusIon: The aim of raising a Medico-legal case is to inform the police and application of medical knowledge in practice. The attending doctor needs to tackle the case with medical bent of mind and describe the alleged circumstances in simple language and describe relevant findings. Keywords: Medico-legal cases; Road traffic accidents; Fall from height; Tertiary care setups.
Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Pattern on Upper Extremity and Scapula in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis: A single centre assessor-blinded Randomised controlled trial (RCT)
Authors: Khan Abid Hasan , Bhuiyan Md. Saruar Hossain , Kabir Md. Feroz , Hossain Md. Zahid , Jahan Sharmila , Hos Kazi Md. Amran , Rahman Ehsanur
Published: September 2024

Background
Adhesive capsulitis (AC) is a progressive inflammatory condition of the shoulder that causes functional limitations and leads to long-term disability. The study aimed to elicit the effectiveness of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) compared to standard physiotherapy approaches on AC.
Methods
An assessor-blinded single-centre Randomized control trial (RCT) was carried out on 80 AC patients between May and December 2023 in Bangladesh. Random assigned and concealed allocated patients were recruited equally (n = 40) to each PNF and conventional capsular stretching group. The experimental group received a PNF approach, and the control group received capsular stretching to the affected shoulder for 24 sessions in 6 weeks. Both groups received electrical modalities as standard treatment. The primary outcome was pain measured by the Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and range of motion in a universal goniometer. The secondary outcome was functional limitation measured by the Shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). As per the distribution of data, non-parametric tests were employed to analyse the superiority between and within groups with intention-to-treat analysis.
Results
Baseline compatibility was noted in all the key variables (P > 0.05). Both PNF and capsular stretching had a decrease in pain compared to baseline in all capsular pattern positions (P < 0.001), and PNF had more significant improvement compared to control (P < 0.001). Both groups had equal improvement in shoulder ROM (P < 0.001) except abduction (P < 0.05). Both groups had improvements in disability (P < 0.05), and PNF had statistical superiority of improvement (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The findings of this study support the potential of PNF intervention for 6 weeks as a treatment for shoulder Adhesive capsulitis, showing improvements in pain, ROM, and functional disability. However, further multicentre trials with a follow-up design are needed to fully understand the superiority of PNF on shoulder AC, encouraging continued engagement in this area of research.
Trial registration:
The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au) (ACTRN12621001299897).
Ginsenosides mixture from Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer improves CoCl2-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activation in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Lou Tingting , Huang Qungxia , Zhao Daqing , Li Xiangyan
Published: September 2024

Introduction: There is growing recognition that medical therapies aimed at mediating mitochondrial ROS production may be important strategies to ameliorate cardiac disorders. Total ginsenosides (GS), a primary constituent extracted from Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer (ginseng) roots shows a strong therapeutic activity in heart disease and health benefits for hypoxia-related diseases. However, it is unclear whether GS protects hypoxic cardiomyocytes based on ROS production and mitochondrial function, as well as its molecular mechanism. Methods: In this study, mitochondrial respiratory function, ATP production, mitochondrial biosynthesis, glucose uptake, and NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activation in hypoxic and GS-pretreated H9c2 cells were investigated.
Results: We found that GS protected cells from oxidative damage and also maintained normal mitochondrial function in CoCl2-stimulated cardiomyocytes. GS significantly reduced the glucometabolism disorder and mitochondrial respiration dysfunction as well. Further studies confirmed GS increased mitochondrial contents through regulating the NAD+ dependent SIRT1 activation, which was completely abrogated by nicotinamide. Importantly, we found that the ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc and Rb2 are the key substances in GS associated with the anti-hypoxic action.
Conclusion: This study may provide new insights into the protection of ginseng against cardiac hypoxia damage.
Causal relationship between plasma metabolites and chronic original pain: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Yanwen , Peng Kang , Li Yan , Zhang Wei , Guo Liling , Chen Long
Published: September 2024

Background
Chronic pain is an enormous economic and personal health burden worldwide, with more than one-third of the population suffering from chronic pain. However, no studies have systematically analyzed the potential role of plasma metabolites in chronic original pain.
Methods
Pooled genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 1400 plasma metabolites from Brent Richards' research were used as exposures and genetic data from the UK Biobank related to 8 chronic regional pains were used as outcomes, including headache, facial pain, neck and shoulder pain, back pain, hip pain, abdominal pain, knee pain, and general pain. Causal associations between genetically predicted plasma metabolites and chronic regional pain were analyzed using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method as the main tool for Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, and horizontal pleiotropy tests and sensitivity analyses were performed for each pain phenotype by MR PRESSO and leave-one-out. In addition, four additional analyses were used to strengthen our findings, including weighted median, sample mode, weighted mode, and MR Egger. Finally, inverse MR analyses were performed to refine our results further.
Results
Significant evidence from MR analyses showed that 134 plasma metabolites associated with eight chronic pain conditions were screened for MR analysis, and a total of 140 associations showing evidence of causality were identified, with six metabolites acting in both pain conditions. Of these, 78 were identified as protective factors for chronic regional pain and 66 as risk factors. Notably, sensitivity analyses and heterogeneity tests strengthened the reliability of these results. The reverse MR analysis showed that neck-shoulder pain decreased the AMP to N-palmitoyl-sphingosine ratio.
Conclusions
The results of this research provide genetic proof for the study of chronic pain, revealing a latent genetic propensity between plasma metabolites and chronic pain, and identifying a role for plasma metabolites in different chronic pain phenotypes. These insights provide a framework for future clinical trials, suggesting that future research directions could focus on interventions related to plasma metabolites to treat or moderate chronic regional pain and its associated risk factors.
Modeling and Optimization Control of SOEC with Flexible Adjustment Capabilities
Authors: He Yaqing , Wang Weiqing , Chi Yingtian , Li Jiarong , Zhang Xinyan , Liu Bowen
Published: September 2024

Due to the random fluctuations in power experienced by high-temperature green electric hydrogen production systems, further deterioration of spatial distribution characteristics such as temperature, voltage/current, and material concentration inside the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack may occur. This has a negative impact on the system's flexibility and the corresponding control capabilities. In this paper, based on the SOEC electrolytic cell model, a comprehensive optimization method using an adaptive incremental Kriging surrogate model is proposed. The reliability of this method is verified by accurately analyzing the dynamic performance of the SOEC and the spatial characteristics of various physical quantities. Additionally, a thermal dynamic analysis is performed on the SOEC, and an adaptive time-varying LPV-MPC optimization control method is established to ensure the temperature stability of the electrolysis cell stack, aiming to maintain a stable, efficient, and sustainable SOEC operation. The simulation analysis of SOEC hydrogen production adopting a variable load operation has demonstrated the advantages of this method over conventional PID control in stabilizing the temperature of the stack. It allows for a rapid adjustment in the electrolysis voltage and current and improves electrolysis efficiency. The results highlighted that the increase in the electrolysis load increases the current density, while the water vapor, electrolysis voltage, and H2 flow rate significantly decrease. Finally, the SOEC electrolytic hydrogen production module is introduced for optimization scheduling of energy consumption in Xinjiang, China. The findings not only confirmed that the SOEC can transition to the current load operating point at each scheduling period but also demonstrated higher effectiveness in stabilizing the stack temperature and improving electrolysis efficiency.
Integrating a Microphysiological System and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict Human Responses to Diclofenac
Authors: Han Sungpil , Choi Suein , Lee Junghyun , Kim Okju , Ryu Taehoon , Kim Su Jung , Kim Eun Joo , Sung Jong Hwan , Cha Hwa Jun , Jung Yushin
Published: September 2024

Conventional two-dimensional in vitro cell cultures and animal models often inadequately predict human pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics owing to the complexity of human physiology and interspecies diversity. This study introduces an innovative approach integrating a microphysiological systems (MPS) with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and transcriptomic analysis to address these challenges. Our multiorgan MPS, incorporating gut, liver, and kidney chips, employs advanced microfluidic technology with cocultures of relevant human cell types to more accurately replicate the human physiological environment. Employing diclofenac, a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, as a case study, we validated our model, demonstrating its accuracy in simulating human PK parameters. Integration of PBPK modeling with MPS results enhanced predictive precision. Furthermore, we incorporated transcriptomic analysis to investigate diclofenac’s mechanistic effects, revealing pathways potentially associated with its gastrointestinal toxicity and identifying differentially expressed genes linked to drug exposure and adverse effects. The integrated MPS with PBPK and transcriptomic approach holds substantial promise for improving drug development processes, offering a more predictive, ethical, and comprehensive method for drug behavior and toxicity assessments in humans. Our findings suggest that this methodology could advance early-stage drug development, potentially reducing reliance on animal testing and enabling more personalized therapeutic strategies.
Exploring Challenges Experienced by Nursing Students Regarding Objective Structured Clinical Examination in malawian Nursing Colleges: A Qualitative Phenomenology Study.
Authors: Taibu Evelyn , Phuma Ellemes , Mbakaya Balwani , Mhango Lucky , Bvumbwe Thokozani , Chipeta Mep
Published: September 2024

Background: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a widely used clinical assessment method in health professions education. It is a reliable and objective assessment tool that accurately measures students’ clinical skills and knowledge, confirming their competence in real world practice. However, despite the OSCE being used to certify students’ clinical competency skills, many nursing students often lack the necessary clinical skills to provide quality patient care. The study aimed to explore challenges that college diploma nursing students encounter with OSCE at selected nursing colleges in Malawi.
Methods: The study employed a qualitative husserlian phenomenological design at three nursing colleges: Malawi College of Health Sciences (Zomba Campus) in the Southern Region, Nkhoma College of Health Sciences in the Central Region and St. John’s Institute for Health in the Northern Region. The study recruited fifty-three final year college diploma nursing students from the three nursing colleges using purposive sampling technique. Three focus group discussions and twenty-five in-depth interviews were conducted in English, audiotaped and later transcribed verbatim. Data from both sources were triangulated and then manually analyzed using Colaizzi’s data analysis method.
Results: Three themes related to challenges faced by nursing students regarding OSCE emerged from the Colaizzi’s data analysis. These included (1) emotional and psychological issues, notably high levels of stress and anxiety related to the OSCE, (2) administrative difficulties and (3) academic difficulties.
Conclusion: Diploma nursing students’ encounter complex challenges with OSCE in Malawi. The study findings emphasized the need for nursing education institutions to address the challenges through targeted interventions which can enhance the learning environment and produce competent nursing professionals.
Numerical simulation of MHD mixed convection Copper-Iron Oxides/water hybrid nanofluid over circular concentric tubes
Authors: Waqas Hassan , Hasan Md. Jahid , Ahmad Shafee , Muhammad Taseer
Published: September 2024

Researchers have explored various design parameters and conditions to identify the most suitable and efficient designs. One area of research that has shown promise is the geometric modification of concentric heat tubes under different conditions. A significant research gap is the implementation of hybrid nanofluids in concentric tubes under MHD, mixed convection changing the various heat transfer parameters. So, the present work examines the impact of the different inner radii of a concentric tube under a magnetic field and mixed convection using copper-iron oxides/water (Cu-Fe3 O4/H2O) hybrid nanofluid. The finite element method with nonlinear governmental equations has been employed for this study. The model has been validated from the past literature with minimal numerical error. The controlling parameters for the study are chosen as the inner radius (r1 =0.2, 0.4. 0.6, and 0.8), central angle 30 °≤ γ ≤ 90°, Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), Prandtl number (Pr= 0.71, 6.5, 25), Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106) and solid volume fractions (ϕ = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5). The results have been shown as streamlines, isotherm plots, local Nusselt number (Nu) for the inner and outer arc for variable inner radius, Ra, Pr, Ha, central angles and ϕ. The findings show that with the ascends of the inner arc length, the Nu decreases and for the outer arc length, it increases.
TUBB2B regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via interaction with Vimentin to promote glioma migration and invasion
Authors: Li Junxi , Zhang Junrong , Zhou Zhengjun , Wang Ming , Luan Xingzhao , Zhao Mingkuan , Jiang Geng , Wang Guiyuan , Li Shenjie , Xiang Wei , Chen Ligang , Zhou Jie
Published: September 2024

Background
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the migration and invasion capabilities of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Several studies have established tubulin as a significant regulator of the EMT process. Tubulin beta 2B class IIb (TUBB2B), a critical component of microtubules, has been linked to the prognosis of various tumors. However, the specific biological function and mechanism of TUBB2B in GBM remain unclear.
Methods
In vitro experiments demonstrated that TUBB2B knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion of GBM cells, while its overexpression enhanced these capabilities. Western blot, immunofluorescence (IF) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays revealed that TUBB2B interacts with Vimentin. Molecular docking and residue mutation scanning indicated that TUBB2B interacts with Vimentin at the R391/K392/A393/F394 sites. In vivo experiments using nude mice confirmed that TUBB2B knockdown inhibited GBM cell invasion and migration.
Results
TUBB2B was upregulated in GBM tissue samples compared with normal tissues. The sites of TUBB2B(R391/K392/A393/F394) physically interacts with Vimentin to induce EMT, which promotes migration and invasion.
Conclusion
TUBB2B may regulate EMT and promote the migration and invasion of GBM cells through its interaction with Vimentin, highlighting TUBB2B as a potential therapeutic target for GBM.