bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional Speech Recognition Method Based on Word Transcription
Authors: Bekmanova Gulmira , Yergesh Banu , Sharipbay Altynbek , Mukanova Assel
Published: March 2022

The emotional speech recognition method presented in this article was applied to recognize the emotions of students during online exams in distance learning due to COVID-19. The purpose of this method is to recognize emotions in spoken speech through the knowledge base of emotionally charged words, which are stored as a code book. The method analyzes human speech for the presence of emotions. To assess the quality of the method, an experiment was conducted for 420 audio recordings. The accuracy of the proposed method is 79.7% for the Kazakh language. The method can be used for different languages and consists of the following tasks: capturing a signal, detecting speech in it, recognizing speech words in a simplified transcription, determining word boundaries, comparing a simplified transcription with a code book, and constructing a hypothesis about the degree of speech emotionality. In case of the presence of emotions, there occurs complete recognition of words and definitions of emotions in speech. The advantage of this method is the possibility of its widespread use since it is not demanding on computational resources. The described method can be applied when there is a need to recognize positive and negative emotions in a crowd, in public transport, schools, universities, etc. The experiment carried out has shown the effectiveness of this method. The results obtained will make it possible in the future to develop devices that begin to record and recognize a speech signal, for example, in the case of detecting negative emotions in sounding speech and, if necessary, transmitting a message about potential threats or riots.
Sustainable Communication in the B2C Market—The Impact of Packaging
Authors: Wojciechowska Patrycja , Wiszumirska Karolina
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to widen the knowledge about the recycling behaviour of consumers in order to understand their motivations related to the separate collection of household waste. This work encompasses a segmentation analysis revealing discrepancies between the respondents, who were profiled into three clusters: Engaged in green, characterised by high values of pro-environmental attitudes; Indolent adopters, described by respondents revealing moderate attitudes towards sorting waste; and Ecological objectors, who do not appreciate the benefits of recycling. The results showed that regardless of the cluster type, the level of actual knowledge about segregation rules was similar and insufficient, which hinders the correct sorting of household waste. It was also found that special attention should be paid to the quality of the information provided by FMCG packaging. Our study highlighted the need for a mandatory, precise, and coherent system of packaging labelling in order to promote pro-environmental attitudes and enhance the effectiveness of recycling.
Assessment of the Development Limitations for Wave Energy Utilization in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Vidjajev Nikon , Palu Riina , Terentjev Jan , Hilmola Olli-Pekka , Alari Victor
Published: March 2022

The use of renewable energy sources is one of the most promising options for slowing down climate change and the variability of resources would benefit the energy systems even further. Research provides an initial assessment of the Baltic Sea region concerning the possibility of using wave energy as a supplement to the current renewables in this region. During the study, the main parameters of the environment were examined (waves, salinity, tides, and the effect of ice). In addition to the technical and economic feasibility assessment (from a supplier perspective), marketability research was conducted among sector stakeholders through a survey. The majority of the respondents among maritime and energy sector stakeholders showed interest in applying wave energy in less than a 10-year perspective, particularly in the specific areas of their industries, such as seaports. This research is important as it demonstrates the limitations of the Baltic Sea environment, effects of regional economic activity, and local and EU level political, legal, and administrative burdens in applying wave energy within the studied region. Based on this study, policies and legislative frameworks need to be adapted (e.g., environmental protection areas and open access data of sea) to facilitate change.
Application of Machine Learning Models for Predictions on Cross-Border Merger and Acquisition Decisions with ESG Characteristics from an Ecosystem and Sustainable Development Perspective
Authors: Hong Xiangjun , Lin Xian , Fang Laitan , Gao Yuchen , Li Ruipeng
Published: March 2022

From an ecosystem perspective, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are one of the key paths for firms to foster complementary sectors and gain complementary assets. From the perspective of sustainable development, M&A can reallocate resources from target to asset to achieve better synergy and prolong the operation of a merged firm. However, M&A activities are characterized by high risk due to the high cost and uncertainty. Thus, a prediction model of M&A decisions is valuable for firms’ strategy design from an ecosystem and sustainable development perspective. By adopting a machine learning technique, this study measured the cross-border M&A decisions by analyzing firm-level cross-sectional data of the global financial marketplace under ecosystem mapping for the application of various country, deal and firm-level indicators related to sustainable development. Our paper can support the hypotheses of corporate governance, ecosystem stakeholder theory, ecosystem risk and institution theory in explaining that firms can increase their success rate of M&A to achieve sustainable development. Methodologically, we used AdaBoost to train several weak classifiers (decision trees) to achieve a strong decision-making model with a large financial transaction database of 215,160 deal activities. Results achieved 80.1% prediction accuracy by using the AdaBoost model through 10-fold cross validation. We found that differences exist on prediction features of M&A with different characteristics of sustainable development. For a robustness check, comparable results were obtained with a support vector machine (SVM) model. By analyses of the features during the cross-border M&A decision-making processing, this study is expected to contribute to the utilization of machine learning in ecosystem studies.
Recommendations for Effective and Sustainable Regulation of Biopesticides in Nigeria
Authors: Ashaolu Christine Abey , Okonkwo Chibuzor Onyinye , Njuguna Elizabeth , Ndolo Dennis
Published: March 2022

The global trend towards increased demand for organic food, greener environments, and the integration of biological control agents into pest management strategies has greatly enhanced the need for biopesticides. Biopesticides are made from micro-organisms or other natural substances and are, hence, generally environmentally friendly. However, despite their great potential—and in part due to regulatory challenges—relatively few biopesticides have been registered and commercialised in Nigeria compared to other African countries, such as South Africa and Kenya. Biological active agents are so diverse that applying the same safety standards to all of them is almost impossible. A comparative review of risk assessment processes of Nigeria’s biopesticide regulations with other developing African countries (South Africa and Kenya) and developed regions (the European Union and the United States of America) was conducted. Prolonged field testing, lack of bridged risk assessments, and technical checklists were identified as key factors hampering the research and development of biopesticides in Nigeria. Suitable amendments to the existing regulations guiding biopesticide formulation and utilisation in Nigeria are recommended. Risk assessment matrices for microbial and biochemical pesticides and a scientific/technical checklist have also been developed. It is apparent that harmonisation and data exchange among countries in the region could enhance the advancement of scientific and technical knowledge for sustainable regulation of, and cross-border trade in, biopesticides.
Emotion or Information: What Makes Consumers Communicate about Sustainable Apparel Products on Social Media?
Authors: Son Jihyeong , Nam Changhyun , Diddi Sonali
Published: March 2022

This study investigated how sustainability-related messages of cotton textile and apparel products influence consumers’ attitudes toward the message and interaction with other consumers in social media. Three hundred and eighty-eight online survey data of US consumers investigated the effects of perceived information and emotion toward sustainability practice messages on attitude toward and social interaction with other consumers and the effects of attitude on social interaction in social media. The results confirm that emotion is an influential variable, and, specific, positive emotion is an influential variable for attitude, and attitude influences social interaction with other consumers of sustainability practice messages. Negative emotions influence both attitude and social interaction. The information does not influence attitude but directly impacts social interaction, which may bring the purchase intention of sustainable fashion products. Thus, apparel marketers should consider emotionally sustainable promotion messages when tailoring their brand communications on social media. This study helps clarify the relationships between emotion and social interaction for sustainable fashion products. It also contributes to the theoretical foundation and has implications for sustainable fashion marketing and management in social media.
The Effect of Meat and Bone Meal (MBM) on Phosphorus (P) Content and Uptake by Crops, and Soil Available P Balance in a Six-Year Field Experiment
Authors: Załuszniewska Aleksandra , Nogalska Anna
Published: March 2022

The aim of a six-year field experiment conducted in north-eastern (NE) Poland was to determine the effect of meat and bone meal (MBM) on phosphorus (P) content and uptake by different crops, soil available P balance, and soil pH. Five treatments were established: (1) zero-fert; (2) inorganic NPK; (3) 1.0 t ha−1 MBM; (4) 1.5 t ha−1 MBM; and (5) 2.0 t ha−1 MBM. Constant nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) rates and increasing P rates (0.0; 45; 68 and 90 kg ha−1) were applied. The lowest dose of MBM, which supplied 45 kg P ha−1 each year, was sufficient to meet the P requirements of silage maize, winter wheat, and winter oilseed rape to the same extent as mineral P fertilizer at the equivalent rate. The uptake, balance, and utilization of P by plants were comparable in both treatments. Phosphorus applied each year at high rates (68 and 90 kg ha−1) with two higher MBM doses contributed to excessive P accumulation in soil; therefore, MBM should not be applied at doses exceeding 1.5 t ha−1 to crops grown in acidic soils. Soil pH was not significantly affected by MBM. MBM can replace conventional mineral P fertilizers in crop cultivation.
Ecological Restoration Strategies for the Topography of Loess Plateau Based on Adaptive Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation: A Case Study in Lanzhou, China
Authors: Cui Honglei , Liu Mei , Chen Chen
Published: March 2022

Existing studies related to ecological sensitivity evaluation are comparatively mature; however, few approaches are concerned with distinctive topographical conditions that enable response to specific environmental restoration requirements. In this paper, an adaptive ecological sensitivity evaluation framework is established according to a representative plateau topography (i.e., the Loess Plateau region) via a case study of Gaolan County, China. Through the process of factor selection, index system construction, formula adaption, factor weight determination by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) as well as the support of RS and GIS technology, the ecological sensitivity of the research region has been evaluated and analyzed in combination with land use types and typical gully problems. The results show that high sensitivity areas account for 11.16 percent of the total area in the research region and a tendency for fragmentation in spatial distribution. Forest lands with steep slopes in gullies’ upstream have the highest ecological sensitivity, the proportion of forest and garden land dominated by trees in the highest sensitivity area is around 80 percent. Evidence-based ecological restoration strategies are proposed in terms of the topography of Loess Plateau. This study shows possibilities to adapt existing sensitivity evaluation model for medium-scaled specific topography problems and provides useful clues as a basis for knowledge acquisition that can feed into spatial design, planning and restoration processes.
Analysis of the Evolutionary Game of Three Parties in Environmental Information Disclosure in Sustainability Reports of Listed Forestry Companies in China
Authors: Lu Bowen , Yue Shangzhi
Published: March 2022

(1) Background: In the construction of an ecological civilization in China, the forestry industry has special characteristics which can produce both ecological and economic benefits. Environmental information disclosure can help the construction of an ecological civilization system; the study of the environmental information disclosures of forestry listed companies can help the development of ecological civilization construction and is conducive to considering forestry as a pilot model and extending to other industries; (2) Methods and results: Based on evolutionary game theory and stakeholder theory, an evolutionary game model of listed forestry companies, government departments, and the public was applied with MATLAB software to simulate and analyze the influencing factors of the environmental information disclosures of listed forestry companies; (3) Suggestions: Optimization of the environmental information disclosure mechanism of forestry listed companies includes: optimization of the environmental information disclosure mechanism, the reward and punishment mechanism, the environmental information sharing mechanism, and the interest coordination mechanism.
Remanufacturing Strategy under Cap-and-Trade Regulation in the Presence of Assimilation Effect
Authors: Guo Tianyi , Li Chaonan , Chen Yan
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the choice of remanufacturing strategy of a monopolist original equipment manufacturer under the cap-and-trade regulation in the presence of the assimilation effect. We model the manufacturer’s optimal decision-makings and associated profits under three different remanufacturing strategies. Our results indicate that the assimilation effect reduces the manufacturer’s motivation to become engaged in remanufacturing. Specifically, there exists a threshold for the intensity of the assimilation effect for the manufacturer to enter remanufacturing. First, when the assimilation effect is below the threshold, the manufacturer should choose to remanufacture. Otherwise, the manufacturer should only produce new products. Second, the value of the threshold for the assimilation effect is further determined by the remanufacturing’s emission advantage and the carbon trading price. In addition, when the intensity of the assimilation effect is high enough, the carbon trading price and carbon emission advantage no longer impacts the remanufacturing strategy. Lastly, our numerical examples reveal that ignoring the assimilation effect can lead to up to 56.2% loss of potential profit for the manufacturer.
Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Laser-Induced Graphene for COVID-19 Diagnosing: Rapid and Low-Cost Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Biomarker Antibodies
Authors: Oliveira Marcely Echeverria , Lopes Bruno Vasconcellos , Rossato Jéssica Helisa Hautrive , Maron Guilherme Kurz , Gallo Betty Braga , La Rosa Andrei Borges , Balboni Raphael Dorneles Caldeira , Alves Mariliana Luiza Ferreira , Ferreira Marcos Roberto Alves , da Silva Pinto Luciano , Conceição Fabricio Rochedo , Piva Evandro , de Pereira Claudio Martin Pereira , Escote Marcia Tsuyama , Carreño Neftali Lenin Villarreal
Published: March 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome originated by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in late 2019, known to be a highly transmissible and pathogenic disease, has caused the COVID-19 global pandemic outbreak. Thus, diagnostic devices that help epidemiological public safety measures to reduce undetected cases and isolation of infected patients, in addition to significantly help to control the population’s immune response to vaccine, are required. To address the negative issues of clinical research, we developed a Diagnostic on a Chip platform based on a disposable electrochemical biosensor containing laser-induced graphene and a protein (SARS-CoV-2 specific antigen) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The biosensors were produced via direct laser writing using a CO2 infrared laser cutting machine on commercial polyimide sheets. The presence of specific antibodies reacting with the protein and the K3[Fe(CN)6] redox indicator produced characteristic and concentration-dependent electrochemical signals, with mean current values of 9.6757 and 8.1812 µA for reactive and non-reactive samples, respectively, proving the effectiveness of testing in clinical samples of serum from patients. Thus, the platform is being expanded to be measured in a portable microcontrolled potentiostat to be applied as a fast and reliable monitoring and mapping tool, aiming to assess the vaccinal immune response of the population.
Improved Search for Neutron to Mirror-Neutron Oscillations in the Presence of Mirror Magnetic Fields with a Dedicated Apparatus at the PSI UCN Source
Authors: Ayres Nicholas J. , Berezhiani Zurab , Biondi Riccardo , Bison Georg , Bodek Kazimierz , Bondar Vira , Chiu Pin-Jung , Daum Manfred , Dinani Reza Tavakoli , Doorenbos Cornelis B. , Emmenegger Solange , Kirch Klaus , Kletzl Victoria , Krempel Jochen , Lauss Bernhard , Pais Duarte , Rienäcker Ingo , Ries Dieter , Rossi Nicola , Rozpedzik Dagmara , Schmidt-Wellenburg Philipp , Tanaka Kazuo S. , Zejma Jacek , Ziehl Nathalie , Zsigmond Geza
Published: March 2022

While the international nEDM collaboration at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) took data in 2017 that covered a considerable fraction of the parameter space of claimed potential signals of hypothetical neutron (n) to mirror-neutron (n′) transitions, it could not test all claimed signal regions at various mirror magnetic fields. Therefore, a new study of n−n′ oscillations using stored ultracold neutrons (UCNs) is underway at PSI, considerably expanding the reach in parameter space of mirror magnetic fields (B′) and oscillation time constants (τnn′). The new apparatus is designed to test for the anomalous loss of stored ultracold neutrons as a function of an applied magnetic field. The experiment is distinguished from its predecessors by its very large storage vessel (1.47 m3), enhancing its statistical sensitivity. In a test experiment in 2020 we have demonstrated the capabilities of our apparatus. However, the full analysis of our recent data is still pending. Based on already demonstrated performance, we will reach sensitivity to oscillation times τnn′/cos(β) well above a hundred seconds, with β being the angle between B′ and the applied magnetic field B. The scan of B will allow the finding or the comprehensive exclusion of potential signals reported in the analysis of previous experiments and suggested to be consistent with neutron to mirror-neutron oscillations.
Taxonomic Revision of the pulcherrima Clade of Metschnikowia (Fungi): Merger of Species
Authors: Sipiczki Matthias
Published: March 2022

The type strains of 10 small-spored species of the ascomycetous yeast genus Metschnikowia usually form a compact group on the phylogenetic trees inferred from barcode sequences. Based on the name of the species, which was described first (Metschnikowia pulcherrima), the group is frequently referred to as the pulcherrima clade. All strains produce the iron-chelate pigment pulcherrimin and have antagonistic effects on many microorganisms. Recent results of molecular phylogenetic, genetic, and genomic research raised doubts about the taxonomic division of the clade. Those data—combined with results obtained in this study by comprehensive analysis of primary and secondary barcode sequences, physiological tests, and hybridisation experiments—demonstrate that the species cannot be distinguished from each other by the criteria of any of the phenotypic, phylogenetic, and biological species concepts. Therefore, I propose that the species of the pulcherrima clade be merged into one species under the oldest species name, M. pulcherrima.
A Switched Capacitor Memristor Emulator Using Stochastic Computing
Authors: de Benito Carola , Camps Oscar , Al Chawa Mohamad Moner , Stavrinides Stavros G. , Picos Rodrigo
Published: March 2022

Due to the increased use of memristors and their many applications, the use of emulators has grown in parallel to avoid some of the difficulties presented by real devices, such as variability and reliability. In this paper, we present a memristive emulator designed using a switched capacitor (SC), that is, an analog component/block and a control part or block implemented using stochastic computing (SCo) and therefore fully digital. Our design is thus a mixed signal circuit. Memristor equations are implemented using stochastic computing to generate the control signals necessary to work with the controllable resistor implemented as a switched capacitor.
Resource Allocation Using Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-Assisted Wireless Networks in Industry 5.0 Scenario
Authors: Jamil Sonain , Rahman MuhibUr , Abbas Muhammad Sohail , Fawad
Published: March 2022

Mobile communication networks evolved from first-generation (1G) to sixth-generation (6G) and the requirement for quality of services (QoS) and higher bandwidth increased. The evolvement of 6G can be deployed in industry 5.0 to fulfill the future industry requirement. However, deploying 6G in industry 6.0 is very challenging, and installing a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an efficient solution. RIS contains the passive elements which are programmed for the tuning of a wireless channel. We formulate an optimization problem to allocate resources in the RIS-supported network. This article presents a mixed-integer non-linear programable problem (MINLP) considering the industry 5.0 scenario and proposes a novel algorithm to solve the optimization problem. We obtain the ϵ optimal solution using the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in energy efficiency (EE), throughput, latency, and channel allocation. We compare the performance of several algorithms, and the proposed algorithm outperforms all the algorithms.
3GPP 5G V2X Scenarios: Performance of QoS Parameters Using Turbo Codes
Authors: Kosmanos Dimitrios , Chaikalis Costas , Savvas Ilias K.
Published: March 2022

Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication has recently gained attention in industry and academia. Different implementation scenarios have been derived by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5th Generation (5G) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) standard, Release 16. Quality of service (QoS) is important to achieve reliable communication and parameters which have to be considered are reliability, end-to-end latency, data rate, communication range, throughput and vehicle density for an urban area. However, it would be desirable to design a dynamic selecting system (with emphasis on channel coding parameters selection) so that all QoS parameters are satisfied. Having this idea in mind, in this work we examine nine V2X implementation scenarios using Long Term Evolution (LTE) turbo coding with a geometry−based efficient propagation model for vehicle-to-vehicle communication (GEMV), where we consider the above QoS parameters for SOVA, log-MAP and max-log-MAP decoding algorithms. Our study is suitable for 3GPP cooperative sensing, for the eight scenarios considering medium and large signal-noise-ratio (SNR) values. The proposed model is sustainable despite a doubled data rate, which results in a minimal bit error rate (BER) performance loss up to 1.85 dB. In this case tripling the data rate results in a further 1 dB loss. Moreover, a small loss up to 0.4 dB is seen for a vehicle speed increase from 60 km/h to 100 km/h. Finally, increasing vehicle density has no effect on the implemented 3GPP scenario considering end-to-end latency, irrespectively from the decoding algorithm.
Initial Experience on Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate MRI Multicenter Reproducibility—Are Multicenter Trials Feasible?
Authors: Bøgh Nikolaj , Gordon Jeremy W. , Hansen Esben S. S. , Bok Robert A. , Blicher Jakob U. , Hu Jasmine Y. , Larson Peder E. Z. , Vigneron Daniel B. , Laustsen Christoffer
Published: March 2022

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate allows real-time and pathway specific clinical detection of otherwise unimageable in vivo metabolism. However, the comparability between sites and protocols is unknown. Here, we provide initial experiences on the agreement of hyperpolarized MRI between sites and protocols by repeated imaging of same healthy volunteers in Europe and the US. Methods: Three healthy volunteers traveled for repeated multicenter brain MRI exams with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate within one year. First, multisite agreement was assessed with the same echo-planar imaging protocol at both sites. Then, this was compared to a variable resolution echo-planar imaging protocol. In total, 12 examinations were performed. Common metrics of 13C-pyruvate to 13C-lactate conversion were calculated, including the kPL, a model-based kinetic rate constant, and its model-free equivalents. Repeatability was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for absolute agreement computed using two-way random effects models. Results: The mean kPL across all examinations in the multisite comparison was 0.024 ± 0.0016 s−1. The ICC of the kPL was 0.83 (p = 0.14) between sites and 0.7 (p = 0.09) between examinations of the same volunteer at any of the two sites. For the model-free metrics, the lactate Z-score had similar site-to-site ICC, while it was considerably lower for the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio. Conclusions: Estimation of metabolic conversion from hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate to lactate using model-based metrics such as kPL suggests close agreement between sites and examinations in volunteers. Our initial results support harmonization of protocols, support multicenter studies, and inform their design.
CT after Lung Microwave Ablation: Normal Findings and Evolution Patterns of Treated Lesions
Authors: Vespro Valentina , Bonanno Maria Chiara , Andrisani Maria Carmela , Ierardi Anna Maria , Phillips Alice , Tosi Davide , Mendogni Paolo , Franzi Sara , Carrafiello Gianpaolo
Published: March 2022

Imaging-guided percutaneous ablative treatments, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation and microwave ablation (MWA), have been developed for the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary lung tumors in patients with advanced-stage disease or comorbidities contraindicating surgery. Among these therapies, MWA has recently shown promising results in the treatment of pulmonary neoplasms. The potential advantages of MWA over RFA include faster ablation times, higher intra-tumoral temperatures, larger ablation zones and lower susceptibility to the heat sink effect, resulting in greater efficacy in proximity to vascular structures. Despite encouraging results supporting its efficacy, there is a relative paucity of data in the literature regarding the role of computer tomography (CT) to monitor MWA-treated lesions, and the CT appearance of their morphologic evolution and complications. For both interventional and non-interventional radiologists, it is crucial to be familiar with the CT features of such treated lesions in order to detect incomplete therapy or recurrent disease at early stage, as well as to recognize initial signs of complications. The aim of this pictorial essay is to describe the typical CT features during follow-up of lung lesions treated with percutaneous MWA and how to interpret and differentiate them from other radiological findings, such as recurrence and complications, that are commonly encountered in this setting.
Testing Screening Mechanisms with Mass Profiles of Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Pizzuti Lorenzo
Published: March 2022

We present MG-MAMPOSSt, a license-free code to constrain modified gravity models by reconstructing the mass profile of galaxy clusters with the kinematics of the cluster’s member galaxies. We describe the main features of the code and we show the capability of the method when the kinematic information is combined with lensing data. We discuss recent results and forecasts on two classes of models currently implemented in the code, characterized by different screening mechanisms, namely, chameleon and Vainshtein screening. We further explore the impact of possible systematics in view of application to the data from upcoming surveys.
Occurrence of Fecal Bacteria and Zoonotic Pathogens in Different Water Bodies: Supporting Water Quality Management
Authors: Ferreira Vânia , Magalhães Rui , Teixeira Paula , Castro Paula Maria Lima , Calheiros Cristina Sousa Coutinho
Published: March 2022

Water contaminated with microbiological and chemical constituents can cause a variety of diseases. Water bodies may become contaminated by wild and domestic animal feces, agricultural runoff or sewage, and are often overlooked as a reservoir and source of human infection by pathogenic microorganisms. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence of the zoonotic pathogens, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes, in various water bodies located in urban and rural areas in the north of Portugal. Water samples were collected from six sites, including natural and artificial ponds, in two different time periods. Several water quality physicochemical parameters, as well as fecal indicator bacteria, were evaluated. High levels of total coliforms (>1.78 log CFU/100 mL) were detected in all samples, and substantial numbers of Enterococcus (>2.32 log CFU/100 mL) were detected in two ponds located in a city park and in an urban garden. Escherichia coli counts ranged from undetectable to 2.76 log CFU/100 mL. Salmonella spp. was isolated from two sites, the city park and the natural pond, while L. monocytogenes was isolated from three sites: the city garden, the natural pond and the artificial pond, both in the rural area. These data show that artificial and natural ponds are a reservoir of fecal indicator bacteria and enteric and zoonotic pathogens. This may impact the potential risks of human infections by potential contaminants during recreational activities, being important for assessing the water quality for strategic management of these areas.
Three-Dimensional Paradigm of Rural Prosperity: A Feast of Rural Embodiment, Post-Neoliberalism, and Sustainability
Authors: Shahraki Hassan
Published: March 2022

Each practical action in rural areas should be based on a comprehensive, new, and innovative theoretical paradigm. For nearly three decades, the global economic system has embraced rural entrepreneurship as a “productive” and innovative strategy in rural development in many countries, including both underdeveloped and developed countries. At present, we have large companies, which due to government development interventions, are replaced with small- and medium-sized businesses under inflexible and extreme entrepreneurialism. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to shed light on the prevailing entrepreneurship practice and discourse, criticize them, and finally introduce a new paradigm known as “paradigm of rural prosperity” (PRP). In this work, Aram Ziai’s theory of skeptical post-development was used, along with Campbell Jones and André Spicer’s critical theory of entrepreneurship and Rosenqvist’s theory of the conceptualization of rurality and rural environment called “hermeneutical realism”. The present paper attempts to base the paradigm of rural prosperity on three pillars of analysis and explanation: (a) rural embodiment, (b) neoliberalism, and (c) concept of sustainability. Although some case studies in Iran have been used as empirical evidence, this paper argues that the paradigm of rural prosperity is universal in nature and can be used in any geographical and cultural context to provide new rural development.
L'imagerie biomédicale : définition d'une typologie et proposition d'activités pédagogiques
Authors: Clément Pierre
Published: March 2022

La imaginería biomedicale : definición de una tipología y proposición de actividades pedagógicas

Luego de algunas reflexiones teóricas sobre la definición y la tipología de imágenes cientíñcas, particularmente en función de dos polos figurativo / gráfico, este texto presenta los principales tipos de imaginería biomedical y sus códigos de reconocimiento específico (icónicos y científicos) : imágenes clásicas a partir de observaciones al ojo desnudo o a la lupa, endoscopía, microscopio óptico y electrónico, ecografía, radiografía, scanner X, scintigrafía, TEP (tomografía por emisión de posición, IRM (imaginería por resonancia magnética), EEG y MEG (electro y magneto-encefalografía), termografía. Muestra que todas esas imaginerías pueden ser caracterizadas por una de las tres funciones fundamentales : la transparencia / opacidad, la reflexión de signos y su emisión ; y se propone que esas nociones sean el objeto de estrategias pedagógicas. Otros obstáculos son identificados en el curso de este análisis, especialmente el problema de la articulación entre las imágenes 2D y de las estructuras 3D. Varias actividades pedagógicas son finalmente propuestas por una familiaridad précoz de los alumnos a esas cuestiones, desde la escuela primaria o mismo maternal (jardin de infantes) : sombras chinas, mosaicos, cortes en serie y diversos métodos de visualisación del relieve.
Les nouvelles technologies, voie royale pour améliorer l'apprentissage des sciences par l'image ?
Authors: Lowe Richard
Published: March 2022

Como mejorar el aprendizaje de las ciencias a partir de diagramas : la tecnología es una respuesta ?

Los progresos de la informática permiten, desde ahora, la visualización y la manipulación de informaciones visuales a un punto jamás alcanzado antes. En la enseñanza de las ciencias, los diagramas son una forma importante de información visual que pueden por si mismos, provocar problemas particularmente delicados, a los estudiantes novatos en un campo científico, en la medida que exigen capacidades de interpretación dignas de un especialista. La cuestión se plantea entonces, saber si los tratamientos informáticos, tales como la animación interactiva, pueden contribuir a mejorar la eficacidad del aprendizaje de las ciencias a partir de diagramas. Caracterizar este aprendizaje como siendo una función en la construcción por el estudiante, de un modelo mental apropiado, vuelve a darle un rol - clave al tratamiento cognitivo correcto de un diagrama. Este artículo se interesa a los diferentes métodos de aprendizaje de las ciencias a partir de diagramas que utilizan la informática y estudia las diferentes maneras por las cuáles los principios derivados de la sicología cognitiva deberían ser aplicados al tratamiento clásico y al tratamiento informático de los diagramas científicos. El objetivo es de facilitar la construcción de modelos mentales de diagramas.

La aplicación de esos principios a algunos ejemplos de diagramas, ha permitido poner el acento sobre el hecho, que es probablemente esencial, que para que los métodos informáticos que intentan de mejorar el aprendizaje de las ciencias a partir de diagramas sean eficaces, es más el tratamiento “humano” de la información que su tratamiento informático.
Le “Jeu des naturalistes” : image, imaginaire et activité scientifique
Authors: Le Marec Joëlle , Scrive Martine
Published: March 2022

El juego de los naturalistas, imágen, imaginario y actividad científica

Un análisis cualitativo de los comportamientos de un número pequeño de visitantes de la “Ciudad de las ciencias y la industria”, permite de determinar los usos del “Juego de los Naturalistas”. El objetivo del juego es de penetrar el visitante en el camino de tres naturalistas del siglo XVIII : la clasificación de las plantas por Lamarck, la identificación de los animales a partir de los huesos por Cuvier, la observación geométrica de los cristales por Haüy. Percibimos que el papel correspondiente a la imágen provoca un comportamiento de observación y una interpretación, donde la imaginación de los visitantes ocupa un lugar considerable.

Por otro lado, la lógica informática que determina cada escenario fué concevida para ser el vector del proceso que ha seguido cada naturalista. La interactividad que resulta de su uso, más o menos lúdico, condiciona la representación de la actividad científica deducida por los visitadores, en esta interpretación lo imaginario cumple un rol importante.
Le raisonnement spontané en dynamique élémentaire
Authors: Viennot Laurence
Published: March 2022

El estudio aquí resumido se propone explorar y analizar los razonamientos espontáneos de estudiantes de dinámica elemental, desde el final de la segunda enseñanza hasta el segundo grado de la enseñanza universitaria. Una serie de investigaciones referentes a unos 2000 estudiantes (Franceses, en su mayor parte, pero también británicos y belgas) deja aparecer sorprendentes proporciones de errores o de contestaciones exactas, extrañamente estables de una categoría a otra.

Parece difícil atribuir estos resultados a la sola enseñanza escolar recibida. Al contrario estas respuestas se organizan bastante bien si se admite la existencia de un sistema explicativo espontáneo relativamente poco alterado por la enseñanza.
Lysistrata : une mise en scène de la féminité
Authors: Rossellini Michèle
Published: March 2022

Se trata de reconsiderar una obra de Aristófanes çuyo sujeto, considerado en forma unánime çomo obsceno, ha llevado a los críticos serios a dejarlo de un lado, ya sea por puritanismo o por simple desdén. La huelga del sexo decretada por las mujeres de Atenas y de Esparta tiene un objetivo que va más allá de la reivindicación de la paz, su finalidad explicita, y su eficacia estriba sobre bases más sútiles que las banales razones sicológicas comúnmente invocadas por los comentaristas. La táctica de las mujeres - que reactiva el fantasma griego de la ginecocracia ilustrado en el mito y la utopía gracias al tema del mundo al revés - consiste en acaparar, mediante las capacidades que les son propias, los campos de actividad y de poder propios de los hombres e introducir en el funcionamiento de las prácticas y del discurso masculinos, que ellas respetan alpie de la letra ignorando su verdadero espíritu, un desorden que los mine interiormente. Esta puesta en escenario de las mujeres no constituye por parte del autor çomico una profesión de fé feminista, sino que alcontrario, le permite acentuar su critica del estado, demostrando la artificialidad de sus çódigos que las mujeres, ignorantes de su uso y sentido, manipulan inconsideramente, convirtiéndolos sin quererlo en algo derrisorio.
La théologie aporétique de Damascius
Authors: Combès Joseph
Published: March 2022

Chez le néoplatonicien Damascius, la déconstitution radicale et méthodique de la notion du Premier Principe, ainsi que l’éclatement de tout discours à son sujet, loin de conduire à l’athéisme, vont de pair avec l’authenticité de l’aveu mystique.
Le code civil, le libéralisme et le moment napoléonien
Authors: Navet Georges
Published: March 2022

Für die kaiserlichen Exegeten müssen die bürgerlichen Gesetze des Code eher von oben erlassen werden und sollen nicht aus dem Volk hervorgehen. Dagegen sind für Benjamin Constant die Gesetze nur die Anerkennung einer bestehenden Gesellschaftsordnung durch den Gesetzgeber. Jedoch in den zwanziger Jahren des 19. Jahrhunderts können die liberalen «Zivilrechtler» weder akzeptieren, daß es dem Staat zusteht die Einheit zu schaffen, noch, daß diese Einheit einer zu offensichtlich gespaltenen Gesellschaft anvertraut wird. Sie werden sich einerseits auf das Konzept einer idealen Gesellschaft von Cousin stützen, das durch die Eingliederung des Gesetzes in eher transzendentale als empirische Bereiche zustande kommt, andererseits mit Jourdan aus dem Code eine Art moderne Form des römischen Rechts machen, so daß man das napoleonische Moment als einen Umweg auffassen kann, den die Gesellschaft gehen mußte, um ihrer Auflösung zu entgehen. Ein Moment, das hinfällig wird, sobald die Gesellschaft wieder auf der Höhe ist. Wenn eine Autonomie und eine Einheit des Zivilen denkbar sind, so schwankt die Gesellschaft weiterhin zwischen Ideal und Wirklichkeit, und es kommt dem Politischen zu, das letztere zugunsten des ersteren zu modifizieren, das Gesetz, welches das Transzendentale charakterisiert, in das Empirische einzugliedem. Es ist, als wäre das napoleonische Moment weiterhin im französischen Liberalismus wie ein Gespenst vorhanden.
Fichte et la frontière intérieure. A propos des Discours à la nation allemande
Authors: Balibar Etienne
Published: March 2022

Partant de l'explication d'une expression symptomatique qui commande l'argumentation des Discours à la Nation Allemande de 1808, cet exposé tente d'analyser l'ambivalence caractéristique du «nationalisme révolutionnaire» de cet ouvrage. Il en montre d’abord l'équivorité politique dans les circonstances d'après léna, qui retentit sur l’interprétation de la «mission universelle» du peuple allemand. Remontant alors aux ouvrages antérieurs qui précisent la philosophie fichtéenne de l'histoire, il examine la signification de l'opposition fondamentale entre l'égoïsme et la libération morale. Les conditions sont ainsi données pour une subversion de l'idée de «geimanité» (Deutscheit) : défini à partir de I'Ursprache — «parole vive» plutôt que langue primitive — , I'Urvolk allemand, nouveau peuple élu, n'est autre que la communauté de destin des hommes de toutes origines qui se font résolument les agents d'une révolution spirituelle. Cette constitution transcendantale du sujet collectif commande aussi bien les plans d'éducation nationale que l'idéal d'une égalisation des conditions sociales. Elle confère à la philosophie idéaliste une fonction prophétique qui s'est avérée utilisable par les forces historiques les plus hétérogènes.
Produção e caracterização de biocombustível sólido a partir de resíduos orgânicos sem tratamento térmico / Production and characterization of solid biofuel from organic waste without thermal treatment
Authors: Alves Miqueias Barbosa Formiga , Candeia Roberlucia Araújo , Leite José Cleidimário Araújo , Dos Santos Adriana Ferreira
Published: March 2022

O planeta vem sofrendo alterações significativas ao longo do tempo o que caracteriza impactos ambientais agravantes ocasionando desequilíbrio ao meio ambiente. Diante da elevada demanda por energia no planeta, a sociedade vem buscando por fontes alternativas de energia renováveis, e nesse contexto o aproveitamento de resíduos lignocelulósicos vem sendo uma das fontes de conversão promissora, proporcionando tanto a reutilização de resíduos como o fornecimento de energia. Para tanto, esse trabalho objetivou investigar a qualidade dos briquetes, compostos por resíduos das cascas de coco, arroz e de banana, densificados sem tratamento térmico, em diferentes formulações caracterizando-os por métodos físico-químicos e mecânicos. As formulações que continham em sua formulação elevadas proporções de casca de arroz apresentaram fissuras após o processo de compactação tornando inviável a sua utilização como biocombustível sólido. Por fim, observou-se que as formulações promissoras para compor biocombustível sólido de qualidade foram F1 e as blendas F6 e F7 por serem reativos, possuírem valores satisfatórios com relação a briquetagem, e não terem expansões volumétricas bruscas, além do fato de que F6 e F7 incorporaram características particulares de cada biomassa analisada.
Aspectos emocionais - ansiedade, depressão e estresse - em pacientes com dermatoses atópicas: revisão sistemática / Emotional aspects – anxierty, depression and stress – in patients with atopic dermatoses: systematic review
Authors: Junior José Ribamar Saraiva , Rossetto Sabrina , Mortari Luciano Vinicius Rubin , Strapasson Thaís Sabadini , Brusamarel Vitória
Published: March 2022

A revisão bibliográfica do presente estudo demonstrou que a dermatite atópica é doença inflamatória cutânea associada à atopia, predisposição a produzir resposta IgE a alérgenos ambientais, compondo uma das manifestações das doenças atópicas, junto com a asma e a rinite alérgica. A dermatite atópica é caracterizada por episódios recorrentes de eczema associado a prurido, acometendo superfície cutânea geneticamente alterada, induzindo, por fenômenos imunológicos, a presença de inflamação. Trata-se de doença multifatorial, com enfoque nas alterações sistêmicas e alérgicas ou nas manifestações cutâneas, de acordo com diferentes visões da doença. A conceituação da dermatite atópica é importante, pois a conduta terapêutica pode variar segundo essas duas formas diferentes de analisá-la.
Fatores de risco para Hérnias Inguinais: uma revisão sistemática / Risk factors for Inguinal Hernials: a systematic review
Authors: Junior Elias José Piazentin Gonçalves , Souza Tauani Coelho Nabuco de Araújo , Bentes Renan da Silva , Conchy Matheus Mychael Mazzaro , De Oliveira Levindo Alves , Grossi Helder Teixeira , De Mattos Marlon Krubniki
Published: March 2022

As hérnias inguinais são responsáveis por um número expressivo de procedimentos realizados todos os anos, com uma prevalência mundial de 1,5% e uma significativa taxa de complicações pós-operatórias. Nessa seara existem artigos atuais que estabelecem relação entre fatores de risco e/ou predisponentes que podem ser úteis para o desenvolvimento de terapêuticas individualizadas, afim de otimizar as taxas de complicações pós-operatórias e melhorar a atuação preventiva de recidiva das hérnias inguinais. Nesse artigo estão compilados nexos causais novos na literatura tais como explicações bioquímicas e genéticas para um entendimento mais claro dos mecanismos relacionados ao tema hérnias inguinais.
Exposição ocupacional ao ruído de armas de fogo em policiais militares e do exército brasileiro: uma revisão integrativa / Occupational exposure to firearm noise in Brazilian military and police: an integrative review
Authors: Souza Lucas Moraes Rufini de , Pereira Priscila Souza , Adão Alexandre da Silva
Published: March 2022

Introdução: o ruído de impacto é aquele usualmente produzido por rápidas expansões de ar, como no caso de disparos com armas de fogo e explosões de bombas. Policiais militares e integrantes do exército que utilizam as armas de fogo de forma ocupacional, tanto nos treinamentos, quanto nas operações realizadas estão expostos ao ruído de impacto. Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos da exposição e os níveis de pressão sonora para ruído de impacto gerado por armas de fogo em brasileiros da polícia militar e do exército. Métodos: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico de artigos e dissertações publicados entre os anos de 2000 e 2021, indexadas em base de dados SciELO, Google Scholar, Periódicos CAPES e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Tese e Dissertações, utilizando os termos “ruído ocupacional; ruído de impacto; armas de fogo; perda auditiva, militares e policiais”. Resultados: Foi encontrado níveis elevados de pressão sonora no ambiente ocupacional estudado, acima dos permitidos por lei. Essa condição indica risco grave e iminente à saúde auditiva. Os exames audiométricos relataram incidência de perda auditiva induzida por ruído (PAIR) na população analisada. Conclusões: A exposição prolongada ao ruído de impacto de armas de fogo (principalmente fuzil 7,62 mm e pistola .40”) causa danos irreversíveis no sistema auditivo. É recomendado o desenvolvimento de Programas de Conservação Auditiva nesta população para diminuir o percentual de incidência e agravamento da perda auditiva.