bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified Ant Algorithm VLSI Planning on the Basis of the Composite Model of the Solution Space
Authors: Lebedev B.K. , Lebedev O.B. , Zhiglaty A.A.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the crystal plan is formed by the recursive use of a "guillotine cut". To set the plan means to set the structure of the binary tree of the cuts, i.e. sequence of binary cuts; for internal tree vertices, to indicate the type of the cut H or V; to number the leaves of the tree and indicate the orientation of the modules. The structure of the binary tree of the cuts can be set using the Polish expression on the base of the alphabet A = {M, TR}, where the set of letters M = {mi|i = 1, 2, ..., nМ} corresponds to the leaves of the section tree (regions), and the set R = {H, V} corresponds to the cuts. We propose a way and methods for solving the problems of planning VLSI based on a modified ant colony. The task of synthesizing the section tree of the plan with the choice of types of sections, identification and orientation of the modules in the work is reduced to the task of forming a modified Polish expression with the identification of elements on the composite model of the solution space, including many alternative vertices. To keep the collective evolutionary memory during the life of the ant population and to form the solution of the problem, we use the complete graph G = (X, U) with alternative vertex states. Each vertex may be in one of two alternative states, i.e., α or β, corresponding to the orientation of the module or the type of the cut. The task of synthesizing the Polish expression is formulated as the task of finding the least-cost route on the solution search graph G = (X, U). A distinctive feature is that when building a route, simultaneously with the choice of the vertex xi∈ X, the state of this vertex is selected. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(n2). Experiments have shown that for large dimensions, the time indicators of the developed algorithm exceed those of the compared algorithms with the best values of the objective function.
Determination of Data Backup System Fault Tolerance
Authors: Patutina A.M. , Rudakov I.V.
Published: November 2019

The paper considers the method of researching the fault tolerance of the backup system based on semi-Markov processes, and presents a quick overview of calculation methods for dynamic and static models of reliability analysis. The research shows that implementations based on semi-Markov processes have practically no limitations on building failure, recovery and backup models, and also provide the most accurate results. We described the existing storage technologies. By mixed, i.e., analytical-simulation, modeling, we implemented the data backup model. The simulation part, which determines the fault tolerance of switches and servers, is presented in terms of queuing theory, and the analytical part suggests defining fault tolerance for a data storage system based on semi-Markov processes.
Simulation of Initiation and Development of Corrosion Cracks in Zirconium Fuel Claddings Under Conditions of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Environment of Iodine
Authors: Sotnikov A.S.
Published: November 2019

The process models of iodine corrosion cracking of zirconium fuel claddings, used to calculate the durability of the cladding (time for loss of tightness) are considered. A method for determining the corrosion crack propagation rate in claddings made of E110 alloy Ø 9.1 × 0.65 mm and the results of corresponding studies (estimation of corrosion crack propagation rate and stress intensity factor KISCC) are given at a temperature of 380 °C in iodine environment at a concentration of ~ 0.2 mg/cm2. Studies were performed using tubular samples with a fatigue crack. A fatigue crack on the inner surface of cladding made of E110 Ø 9.1 × 0.65 mm alloy is the initiator of a corrosion crack emergence (nucleation). The results of corresponding studies are consistent with data from the literature. The proposed study of the corrosion cracking process of fuel claddings in accordance with the results of fracture mechanics is of practical importance for substantiation of the regulation of reactor operating conditions
Probabilistic Material Efficiency Coefficient and Application Example
Authors: Voronkov O.V. , Erofeeva L.N.
Published: November 2019

The paper introduces a mathematical derivation of probability density function for a random variable which is a comparative material's mass or cost efficiency coefficient. At early development stage, the coefficient allows a scientifically based selection of material, taking into account its strength or stiffness, weight or cost characteristics. A distinctive feature of the coefficient is the ability to take into account the effect on material efficiency when the material is applied to a thin-walled body structure of an important technological limitation: the discreteness of the standard range of sheet material thicknesses. This function makes it possible to determine with high accuracy the probability of the deviation of the considered random variable from its expectation not further than the limits of a given interval. The use of this function leads to a significant improvement in the developed methodology for selecting an effective material at the development stage of a thin-walled product, the methodology being previously based on the application of Chebyshev's inequality. We give an example of selecting an effective material from the list of materials considered for a cover sheet of a sandwich-panel under buckling condition.
Estimation of Binary Systems Contribution to the Volumetric Thermal Properties using the Granular Medium Model
Authors: Balankina Ye.S.
Published: November 2019

The paper focuses on the analytical expressions obtained for the volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion depending on the differences in the geometric structure of the initial monosystems, i.e., the geometric factor, for binary systems with a ratio of the particles volumes in the range from 1 to 8, simulated by a granular medium. Within the research, we established the reasons for the differences between the apparent excess function and the excess function of the volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion. In systems consisting of molecules that differ significantly in shape, the main contribution to this difference is made by the different behavior of the packing coefficients of the molecules of the mixed components with temperature, while in systems where molecules are of similar shape the main contribution is made by the difference in their sizes. We estimated the geometric factor contribution to the concentration behavior of the excess functions of the molar volume and the volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion in the water--acetone system, and found that the degree of its influence on the behavior of the excess functions of these properties varies significantly.
Technical Lignosulfonates Effect on Weld Corrosion in a Coal-Water Slurry
Authors: Shelontsev V.A. , Gorichev I.G. , Kuzin A.V. , Eliseeva E.A.
Published: November 2019

Hydrotransport of coal, iron ore, bauxite and other solid materials is known to be carried out through trunk pipelines. Hydrotransport of coal in the form of highly concentrated coal-water slurries (HCCWS) makes it possible to solve a whole range of problems from environmental ones to those when HCCWS are used as a fuel for energy boilers. The HCCWS combustion efficiency is determined by the concentration of the solid pulp phase and the particle size. The highest HCCWS combustion efficiency is observed when the mass concentration of the solid phase is 60--65 % and the particle size is up to 0.02 sm. In order to achieve stability of these slurries with the solid phase concentration, various additives are used to improve the rheological properties of coal-water slurries. In particular, such plasticizing agents as sodium tripolyphosphate, technical lignosulfonates, carbon-alkaline reagents and others are used. Plasticizing agents are known to change the rheological properties of coal-water slurries but the problems of corrosion activity of plasticizing agents are not well understood, especially with respect to welded joints of pipelines. Welded joints of slurry pipelines can be represented as macro-galvanic couples, in which the weld and base metal are electrodes of a galvanic element. The current magnitude of the macro-galvanic couple can be used to calculate the local corrosion value due to the work of the galvanic element of the base metal and the weld. The paper studies the effect of technical lignosulfonates (TLS) and TLS-based compositions in a coal-water slurry on the local currents of the base metal --- weld macro-galvanic couple made of 09G2S steel. Findings of research show that in the water-coal slurry the maximum inhibitory effect is observed when 0.75 % TLS + 0.25 % K2CrO4 (Na2CO3) is added to the slurry.
Comparative Study on Phenotypic Differences in Eothenomys Miletus Under Food Restriction and Refeeding Between Xianggelila and Jianchuan from Hengduan Mountain Regions
Authors: Hou Dong-min , Xiao-ying Ren, Wan-long Zhu, , Ren Xiao-ying , Zhu Wan-long , Zhang Hao
Published: November 2019

Body mass regulation may be appeared regional differences, in order to investigate the physiological and behavioral changes in Eothenomys miletus from Shanggelila (XGLL) and Jianchuan (JC) under food restriction (FR) and refeeding (Re), body mass, food intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR), serum leptin levels, hypothalamic neuropeptides expression and activity behavior were measured. The results showed that areas and FR had significant effects on body mass, food intake, RMR, activity behavior, serum leptin levels, hypothalamic neuropeptides expression, masses of liver and small intestine in E. miletus. Body mass and serum leptin levels in XGLL were lower than that of JC, food intake, activity behavior, liver mass and RMR in XGLL were higher relative to in JC. All the indexes of the two areas of E. miletus can be restored to control levels after refeeding, showing phenotypic plasticity. In conclusion, physiological and behavioral characteristics illustrated that the influences of food and different regions on phenotypic plasticity, which had important significance for in-depth understanding of the survival and adaptation strategies of E. miletus in Hengduan mountain regions.
Determinants of Likelihood Access for Different Livestock Based Enterprises by the Farmers of Tripura, India
Authors: Paul Pampi , Meena B. S. , Maji Saikat , Bhatt Archana
Published: November 2019

Majority of the farmers are marginal and small even though economy of the state is agricultural oriented; in this perspective integrated farming system (IFS) became a viable option for the farmers for their livelihood. In their farming system with the cultivation of crop and vegetables different livestock based enterprises such as dairy, poultry, piggery, fishery etc. were also important options. This present study was designed to identify the determinants effecting to adopt different livestock enterprises at the farmers level; for that purpose total 100 farmers were selected and to analysis the likelihood assess of different enterprises multinomial logit (MNL) model was applied and result says that different socio- economic variables were influencing differently the farmers to availing the livestock enterprises in different condition; such as age, land holding, experience in farming were influencing significantly the farmers to adopt the different enterprises. Further, the study has also found that norms, ethics etc were also associated within the particular social system, so in this context farmers need to be benefited with the help of different modern innovative technologies and farming practices then might be the small holder farmers of the country also will be able to see the better future.
Significance of Environmental Influences on Average Daily Milk Traits of Sirohi Goats in Their Native Tract
Authors: H.A. Waiz L. Gautam , Nagda R. K.
Published: November 2019

Data on 3244 Sirohi kidding during 2004 to 2016 in farmer’s flocks under All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Goat Improvement (AICRP) project, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur were utilized to estimate the average daily milk (ADM) at different lactation months and subjected to least square analysis to study the effect of various non-genetic factors like cluster, periods of kidding, season of kidding, parity, type of birth and regression of dam’s weight. The overall least-squares means for ADM1, ADM2, ADM3, ADM4, ADM5 and overall ADM were 564.07±18.34, 671.92±15.17, 633.41±10.75, 508.93±8.01, 329.72±7.93 and 540.79±10.78 ml, respectively. Cluster and period wise variation were highly significant on all stages of average daily milk yields. The parity had statistically highly significant effect on average daily milk yields, in which seemed that milk yields increase as parity increase, thereafter declined slowly. The effect of type of kidding was non-significant on all stages of average daily milk yield under this study. The regression of dam’s weight at kidding was positive and highly significant (P£ 0.01) on all average daily milk yield. The heritability estimates for these traits ranged from 0.03 ± 0.01 (ADM4) to 0.19 ± 0.02 0.06 ± 002 (ADM1). The high estimates of genetic correlations of average milk yield of different periods with overall average daily milk yield. The phenotypic correlations were positive and low between ADM1 and ADM4­, ADM5 and medium between ADM1 and ADM4, ADM5. In order to augment goat milk production, goat keepers need to be focused on nutritional and others environmental conditions as it affect their flock.
Quando gli attributi travalicano il signum. Riflessioni sull’identità visuale degli dèi a Roma = When attributes go beyond the signum. Remarks on the visual identity of the gods in Rome
Authors: Benedetti Ginevra
Published: November 2019

Riassunto: In questo lavoro ci si propone di analizzare, attraverso le pagine degli autori latini, la costruzione semiotica sottostante la rappresentazione visuale degli dèi nella cultura romana; ognuno di loro possedeva infatti qualche attributo o combinazione di attributi in grado di identificarli con maggiore o minore certezza, ciò che gli autori antichi definivano insignia, dei “segni speciali” che guidavano l’interpretazione / identificazione di un signum. In particolare,  saranno presi in esame alcuni oggetti concreti impiegati dalla cultura romana per costruire immagini divine nella loro funzione di attributi dotati di una specifica identità semiotica. A Roma vi erano altresì casi specifici in cui il potere dell’insigne risultava traboccante; la marca di riconoscibilità, in questi casi, era identificata con la totalità dell’immagine, così come l’immagine totale era ridotta e identificata con l’estensione della marca di riconoscimento: l’insigne, in questo caso, costituiva l’immagine. Questo ci porterà dunque a discutere i metodi di costruzione, adattamento, prestito e scarto delle immagini divine tra i politeismi antichi, delineando altresì prospettive comparative e analitiche.Abstract: In this work we aim to analyze, through the pages of the Latin authors, the semiotic construction underneath the visual representation of the gods in the Roman culture; each of them possessed some attribute or combination of attributes capable of identifying them with more or less certainty, what the ancient authors called insignia, the “special signs” that guided the interpretation / identification of a signum. In particular, some concrete objects will be examined, used by the Roman culture to construct divine images in their function of attributes endowed with a specific identity. In Rome there were also specific cases in which the power of the insigne was overflowing. The mark of recognizability, in these cases, was identified with the totality of the image, just as the image was reduced to the extension of the mark of recognition: the insigne, in that case, was the image. This will lead us to question the methods of construction, adaptation, borrowing and exclusion of divine images among ancient polytheisms, outlining comparative and analytical perspectives.Parole chiave: Appropriazione, identità, immagini divine, insignia, signa panthea, statua.Key words: Appropriation, divine images, identity, insignia, signa panthea, statue.
El travestismo de Penteo en los rituales dionisíacos = Pentheus’ travestism in Dionysian rituals
Authors: Plácido Suárez Domingo
Published: November 2019

Resumen: Bacantes de Eurípides resume en cierto modo la historia de la tragedia. Los rituales más primitivos se incorporan en la figura de Penteo y el travestismo. En Tiresias y Cadmo se impone la visión civilizada con que el ritual se incorpora en la ciudad de Atenas.Ello se puede explicar al insertar la obra en las prácticas religiosas propias de los festivales dionisíacos y el proceso experimentado por ellos en la historia cultural y política de Atenas, que los obliga a interesarse por las vicisitudes propias de las preocupaciones cívicas de la democracia.Abstract: Euripides’s Bachhae contains to some extent the history of tragedy. The rituals most primitive are incorporated in the person of Pentheus and travestism. In Tiresias and Cadmus is imposed the civilized vision with the ritual that is incorporated in the city of Athens.This can be explained by inserting the work in the religious practices characteristic of the Dionysian festivals and the process experienced by them in the cultural and political history of Athens, which forces them to deal with the vicissitudes of the civic concerns of democracy.Palabras clave: Atenas, Bacantes, Eurípides, Penteo, ritual dionisiaco, travestismo.Key words: Athens, Bachhae, Dionysian ritual, Euripides, Pentheus, travestism.
Pasche Guignard, Florence; Pedrucci, Giulia y Scapini, Marianna (eds.): Maternità e politeismi. Motherhood(s) and polytheisms. (Collana di antropologia delle religioni 4), Bologna: Pàtron, 2017
Authors: Méndez Santiago Borja
Published: November 2019

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Wittgenstein on aesthetics and philosophy = Wittgenstein sobre la estética y la filosofía
Authors: Schroeder Severin
Published: November 2019

Abstract; Wittgenstein offers three objections to the idea of aesthetics as a branch of psychology: (i) Statistical data about people’s preferences have no normative force. (ii) Artistic value is not instrumental value, a capacity to produce independently identifiable – and scientifically measurable – psychological effects. (iii) While psychological investigations may bring to light the causes of aesthetic preferences, they fail to provide reasons for them. According to Wittgenstein, aesthetic explanations (unlike scientific explanations) are poignant synoptic representations of aspects of a work, and the criterion of success of an aesthetic explanation is that it satisfies the addressee. He repeatedly remarked that they resemble philosophical explanations, which also try to dispel puzzlement or confusion. The difference, however, is that whereas in philosophy we deal with general conceptual problems, aesthetic explanations typically concern individual responses to particular works of art.Key words: Wittgenstein, aesthetic judgements, psychology, philosophy.Resumen: Durante un breve período de tiempo en 1912, Wittgenstein intentó aplicar la psicología experimental a la estética: la idea de la estética como una rama de la psicología era inadecuada. Juicios estéticos verdaderos o falsos resultan ridículos. Para comparar y clasificar las obras, se necesitaría alguna medida externa (el placer), pero el instrumentalismo hedonista también es rechazado por Wittgenstein. Tal investigación puede sin duda ser valiosa, pero no es lo que interesa en la estética o la crítica de arte. Mientras que Hume, Kant y muchos otros estaban ansiosos por liberar lo más posible los juicios estéticos de las contingencias de su contexto cultural, Wittgenstein, por el contrario, insta a que sean de suma importancia. Había una sorprendente similitud entre la estética y la filosofía: una investigación es ocasionada por una inquietud o perplejidad, o al menos una sensación de falta de comprensión, que necesita ser curada o resuelta. Pero la estética como crítica de arte no puede ser subsumida bajo la filosofía, sino solo parecerse a ella.Palabras claves: Wittgenstein, juicios estéticos, psicología, filosofía.
Ways of pointing to artworks: a Wittgensteinian approach = Formas de apuntar a las obras de arte: un enfoque wittgensteiniano
Authors: Rubio Marco Salvador
Published: November 2019

Abstract: The aim of P. Kivy’s recent De Gustibus: Arguing about Taste and Why We Do It (2015) is to answer to the very same question in terms of an emphasis on belief based on «phenomenological» (if not also ontological) «art-realism». Those who disagree on taste do so because they (explicitly or implicitly) see, in judgments relating to properties of artworks, the expression of beliefs, some of which are «true», and true in virtue of correctly reporting «facts» (non-aesthetic art-relevant facts, aesthetic art-relevant facts, or art value facts), and they try to convince others of what they think is «real» about art. Kivy follows the traces of this phenomenology of «beautiful» found in Hume’s work (and vs. Kant’s work). The main criticism is that it is actually possible to defend an alternative approach to understanding art in terms of «aspects» (an allegedly ‘anti-realist’ concept), so as to take account of rationality, disputes and the role of facts regarding judgments of taste. Kivy does not concede enough attention to the aesthetic experiences of seeing now what we were unable to see before (the «dawning» of an aspect), for example.Key words: Kivy, taste, phenomenology, belief, aesthetics, Wittgenstein.Resumen: El objetivo del reciente De Gustibus. Arguing about Taste and Why We Do It (2015), de P. Kivy es responder a la pregunta incluida en el título de su libro en términos de un énfasis en la creencia que se basa en un realismo en arte «fenomenológico» (si no también ontológico): quienes que disputan sobre «gusto» suelen hacerlo porque ellos (explícita o implícitamente) ven los juicios concernientes a las propiedades de las obras de arte como expresando creencias, algunas de las cuales son verdaderas, y verdaderas en virtud de reportar hechos correctamente (hechos no estéticos relevantes para el arte, hechos estéticos relevantes para el arte o hechos de valor artístico), y tratan de convencer a otros de lo que ellos piensan que es ‘real’ sobre el arte. Kivy sigue el rastro de esa fenomenología de ‘lo bello’ a partir de la obra de Hume (y contra la obra de Kant). Mi crítica principal es que es posible defender un enfoque alternativo de la comprensión del arte en términos de aspectos (un concepto supuestamente «antirrealista») a fin de tener en cuenta la racionalidad, las disputas y el papel de los hechos con respecto a los juicios de gusto. Kivy no presta suficiente atención a las experiencias estéticas de ver ahora lo que no podíamos ver antes (el «aparecer» de un aspecto), por ejemplo.Palabras claves: Kivy, gusto, fenomenología, creencia, estética, Wittgenstein.
Architecture and organic unity = Arquitectura y unidad orgánica
Authors: Hyman John
Published: November 2019

Abstract: Buildings and monuments are among the most important works of art. But the conception of the arts that emerged in the 18th century, and remained the orthodoxy in philosophy for about two centuries, either excludes architecture from the fine arts or relegates it to the intermediate or decorative arts. This essay addresses this puzzle, assesses the truth in certain formalist doctrines about architecture, and advances the view that works of art are organic unities, i.e. integrated sets of solutions to various problems, some aesthetic and others technical, mathematical, theological, political, etc.Key words: art, architecture, aesthetics, formalism.Resumen: Los edificios y monumentos se encuentran entre las obras de arte más importantes. Pero la concepción de las artes que surgió en el siglo XVIII y permaneció como la ortodoxia en la filosofía durante aproximadamente dos siglos excluye la arquitectura de las bellas artes, o la relega a las artes intermedias o decorativas. El presente ensayo aborda este enigma, evalúa la verdad en ciertas doctrinas formalistas sobre la arquitectura, y avanza la opinión de que las obras de arte son unidades orgánicas, es decir, conjuntos integrados de soluciones a diversos problemas, algunos estéticos y otros técnicos, matemáticos, teológicos, políticos, etc.Palabras clave: arte, arquitectura, estética, formalismo.
Una polémica olvidada: el debate político en torno al “Edicto de Milán” en España durante el año 1913 = A forgotten controversy: The political discussion on the so-called ‘Edict of Milan’ in 1913 in Spain
Authors: Moreno Resano Esteban
Published: November 2019

Resumen: La conmemoración del 1600 aniversario de los acuerdos de Milán en 1913 dio lugar en España a una encendida controversia entre los partidarios de las políticas laicistas y los defensores de la confesionalidad católica del Estado español de la Restauración, comprendida en la Constitución de 1876. Esta polémica estuvo alimentada por las políticas favorables al laicismo al igual que por la jerarquía eclesiástica, que trataba de conservar sus privilegios jurídicos.Palabras clave: Cuestión constantiniana, Historiografía, España, Restauración.Abstract: The commemoration of the 1600th anniversary of the Milan agreements in 1913 caused a heated discussion between the supporters of laicism and the defenders of the Catholic confession of the Spanish State under the Bourbon Restoration, as enshrined in the 1876 Constitution. The controversy was fostered both by secular politics and by the Church, which aimed to preserve its judicial privileges.Key words: The Constantinian question, historiography, Spain, Restoration.
Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Mung bean Seed Cultivars from Optimized Extraction Treatment
Authors: Yusnawan Eriyanto , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Kristiono Afandi
Published: November 2019

Secondary metabolites are produced by plants both during normal growth and under biotic and abiotic stresses. Apart from genetic and environmental factors, the secondary metabolite contents are also influenced by analytical methods. The aims of this study were to obtain suitable solvents and extraction treatments which produced high total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity in shiny and dull green mung beans. An extraction of 0.5 g sample with grade 80 mesh in 70% acetone was selected to estimate the contents of total flavonoids and phenolics. A treatment of shaking the sample in 70% acetone (1:10 w/v) for 2 h and followed by 18 h of maceration with twice extractions showed the highest amounts of flavonoid as well as phenolic contents. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents of 14 mung bean cultivars ranged from 1.28 to 2.35 mg CE/g and 3.74 to 6.58 mg GAE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activity represented by percentage of DPPH inhibition varied from 66.8 to 91.5%. A dull green mung bean cultivar Vima 1 had the highest total flavonoid and phenolic contents (2.35 mg CE/g and 6.58 mg GAE/g). Antioxidant activity of Vima 1 cultivar (91.5%) was not different from those of Perkutut (91.5%), Murai (90.1%) and Sriti (88.9%). The small quantity of sample (0.5 g) combined with the simple extraction treatment was effective in quantifying the different contents of total flavonoids and phenolics in mung bean seeds.
Evaluasi Toleransi Sumber Daya Genetik Kedelai terhadap Cekaman Salinitas
Authors: Taufiq Abdullah , Nugrahaeni Novita , Susanto Gatut Wahyu Anggoro
Published: November 2019

Varietas kedelai toleran cekaman salinitas merupakan komponen utama budi daya kedelai pada tanah salin. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi toleransi sumber daya genetik kedelai terhadap cekaman salinitas. Sebanyak 202 aksesi kedelai koleksi plasma nutfah Balitkabi dievaluasi pada lahan salin di Desa Lohgung, Kecamatan Brondong, Kabupaten Lamongan pada Juli-Oktober 2017. Evaluasi dilakukan pada dua lingkungan salinitas tanah, yaitu DHL (daya hantar listrik) 4,7-8,4 dS/m (L1) dan 8,8-15,4 dS/m (L2). Setiap aksesi ditanam dalam baris tunggal sepanjang 4 m dan jarak antarbaris 30 cm. Pengamatan terdiri atas DHL tanah, populasi dan tinggi tanaman akhir, komponen hasil dan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah aksesi yang mengalami penurunan tinggi tanaman, populasi tanaman, dan bobot 100 biji 50% akibat peningkatan salinitas dari L1 menjadi L2 hanya 2-4 aksesi, sedangkan untuk peubah jumlah polong isi dan hasil biji masing-masing 76 dan 64 aksesi. Berdasarkan jumlah aksesi pada tingkat penurunan peubah50%, terindikasi bahwa peubah jumlah polong isi dan hasil biji lebih sesuai digunakan sebagai indikator penilaian toleransi terhadap cekaman salinitas. Toleransi terhadap salinitas dari aksesi yang diuji beragam. Teridentifikasi 52% aksesi tidak toleran dan 36% aksesi toleran salinitas L1 dengan hasil 1,5-3,0 t/ha, sedangkan 13% aksesi toleran salinitas L2 dengan hasil 1,5-1,8 t/ha kecuali satu aksesi dengan hasil 2,3 t/ha. Berdasarkan kenampakan gejala keracunan salin, sebagian besar aksesi yang tidak toleran termasuk inkluder dan hanya sebagian kecil yang eksluder.
Planarian Fission Induction Protocol
Authors: Arnold Christopher , Benham-Pyle Blair , Alvarado Alejandro Sánchez
Published: November 2019

Planarian asexual reproduction via transverse fission is a size-dependent animal behavior that offers a robust context to investigate mechanisms coordinating growth, patterning, and function. During fission, planarians mechanically break off a portion of posterior tissue which will go on to regenerate into a clonal progeny. By optimizing husbandry techniques of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, we developed a protocol that robustly induces fission behavior. This technique permits the investigation of the effects of different experimental perturbations on planarian fission. Using visual scoring, successful fissions can be scored daily by counting fission progeny. While this protocol only measures successful fissions, constant video recording permits the measurement of unsuccessful fission attempts as well. The protocol consists of the optimal husbandry of worms, transfer of animals to dishes, and scoring of animal fissions over a 2-week period.
Urothelial organoids originate from mouse cells display differentiation capacity
Authors: Santos Catarina P. , Lapi Eleonora , Fernández-Barral Asunción , Barbáchano Antonio , Muñoz Alberto , Real Francisco X.
Published: November 2019

Here we describe the establishment of mouse urothelial organoids from healthy urothelial tissue digests. NMU-o can grow within 7 days in medium enriched in growth factors, without FACS-sorting epithelial populations and can be passaged in culture for more than one year with stable morphology. In the absence of growth factors, NMU-o can differentiate within 14days exhibiting drastic morphological changes (increased diameter and lumen size, and decreased thickness layers) and expressing suprabasal urothelial markers (uroplakins and tigh junctions) both at the mRNA and protein levels. Transcriptomic tools (RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq) were preformed further supporting this differences between proliferative and differentiated organoids, allowing the discovery of novel genes involved in these processes.
Nurses' perception of diabetes care needs in long-term facilities in Japan: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sato Miho , Yuki Michiko , Okubo Saori
Published: November 2019

Background: Diabetes is one of the common aging-related diseases, and older people with diabetes are likely to have significant health issues. In long-term care facilities, nurses often face challenges in providing appropriate diabetes care for residents. This study aimed to describe the experience and perception of nurses in diabetes care at long-term care facilities.Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was administered to 1371 nurses representing different facilities. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data regarding demographic characteristics of participants, variables related to diabetes management, difficulties in diabetes care, and the recognition of educational opportunity needs in diabetes care as well as needs for diabetes care guidelines. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were performed to examine the associations among variables.Results: Among participants, 88.7% owned registered nurse license and had an average experience of 10.4 years in long-term care facilities. Approximately 61% perceived difficulties in recognizing signs/symptoms of acute metabolic failure due to hyperglycemia, while about 37% of participants did in being aware of the signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia. About 59% of participants perceived difficulties in managing blood glucose with respect to residents’ needs and preferences. Approximately 62% recognized educational opportunity needs and about 75% recognized the need for diabetes care guidelines suitable for long-term care facilities. These needs were related to the perception of difficulties, but not to variables related to diabetes management. Conclusion: This study identified the specific areas in which nurses experienced difficulties in diabetes care for residents and revealed the areas in which an approach for improving confidence of nurses in diabetes care is needed as a priority. Moreover, educational opportunities and diabetes care guidelines are required to improve the quality of care for long-term care residents.
Impact of Early versus Late Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with acute kidney injury after liver transplantation: a retrospective study.
Authors: Ren Ao , Li Zhongqiu , zhang Xuzhi , Deng Ronghai , Ma Yi
Published: November 2019

Background: Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication after liver transplantation. RRT is an important treatment for AKI, but the optimal time for initiation of RRT is still controversial. Our aim is to investigate the prognosis effect of initial RRT treatment time.Methods: Clinical data of 173 recipients undergoing liver transplantation from July 2017 to March 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. All the patients receiving RRT were divided into early and late group. Prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: 48 patients developed AKI, among which 23 cases(13.29%) received RRT, of which 13 were in early group (56.52%) and 10 were in late group (43.48%). AKI was associated with longer length of ICU and hospital stay, increased post-operative 30 and 90 day mortality, the incidence of PNF and EAD. In patients receiving RRT, compared with the early group, the duration of length of ICU and hospital stay and the incidence of severe infection were significantly increased in late group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: AKI was associated with longer length of ICU and hospital stay, poor short-term mortality and functional recovery of transplanted organ. Early initiation of RRT could reduce the severe infection and length of ICU and hospital stay.
Risk factors for progression of solitary plasmacytoma of bone to multiple myeloma in the spine: A population-based study
Authors: Xie Lin , Wang Hongli , Jiang Jianyuan , Zheng Chaojun
Published: November 2019

Background: SBP of spine is a primary spinal malignant tumor. Risk factors for progression of solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SBP) to multiple myeloma in spine remains controversial. We aimed to analysis the risk factors for progression of solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SBP) to multiple myeloma in spine. Methods: A total of 1543 patients diagnosed with SBP of spine in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1992 to 2013 were included in the study. Factors associated of progression to multiple myeloma (MM) were assessed with univariate and multivariate methods. Results: 1543 patients with SBP of spine were collected and 659 patients progressed to MM. The overall rate of progression to MM was 42.51%, Age, race, gender, and chemotherapy were found to be associated with disease progression to MM in the univariate analysis, greater age (45-59: OR=2.017, 95%CI, 1.287 to 3.159; 60-74: OR=2.940, 95%CI, 1.891 to 4.570; 75-89: OR=3.180, 95%CI, 1.976 to 5.118; >89: OR=5.524, 95%CI, 1.965 to 15.526), patients of white race (OR = 2.032, 95% CI, 1.079 to 3.826), female patients (OR = 1.272, 95% CI, 1.027 to 1.576), and patients received chemotherapy (OR = 1.593, 95%CI, 1.243 to 2.042) was identified as independent risk factors for SBP of spine progression to MM in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Greater age, white race, female and chemotherapy was identified as independent risk factors for SBP of spine progression to MM.
Rare cause of Peritoneal Dialysis–Related Peritonitis in a child: Abiotrophi defectiva
Authors: Juanjuan Zhou , Junwen Yang , Kaijie Gao , Fleming Joy , Junmei Yang
Published: November 2019

Background: Abiotrophia defective is a frequently reported clinical infection; however, it is rarely implicated in peritoneal dialysis–related infections in peritonitis patients. Case presentation: We report a rare case of peritoneal dialysis–related peritonitis caused by Abiotrophia defective in a child. A 12-year-old Chinese child with a history of chronic kidney disease stage 5 presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. She had a cell count of 567.10 × 106/L cells, of which 84% were polymorphonuclear. Peritoneal dialysis effluent was cultured using standard protocols, and the organism was identified as Abiotrophia defective by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The patient responded well to ceftazidime and vancomycin, and ten days later, peritoneal dialysis effluent culture and white cell counts were negative. Conclusion: This is the first case of Abiotrophia defective peritoneal dialysis-Peritonitis in a chronic kidney disease stage 5 child reported in Asia. This infection may be more prevalent, but has been overlooked until the recent introduction of techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and 16S RNA sequencing. Clinicians and microbiologists should pay greater attention to this organism in patients with peritoneal dialysis -Peritonitis, as its pathogenicity is often underestimated.
PSP2 , a gene encoding RGG-motif protein, is a novel suppressor of clathrin heavy chain deficiency
Authors: Roy Debadrita , Garg Mani , Rajyaguru Purusharth I
Published: November 2019

Clathrin, made up of the heavy- and light-chains, constitutes one of the most abundant protein in vesicles involved in intracellular protein trafficking and endocytosis. YPR129W, which encodes RGG-motif containing translation repressor was identified as a part of multi-gene construct (SCD6) that suppressed clathrin deficiency. However, the contribution of YPR129W alone in suppressing clathrin deficiency has not been documented. In this study we identify YPR129W as a necessary and sufficient gene in a multigene construct SCD6 that suppresses clathrin deficiency. Importantly, we identify cytoplasmic RGG-motif protein encoding gene PSP2 as a novel suppressor of clathrin deficiency. Three other RGG-motif protein encoding genes SBP1, DED1 and GBP2 do not suppress clathrin deficiency. DHH1, a DEAD-box RNA helicase with translation repression activity also fails to rescue clathrin deficiency. α-factor secretion assay suggests that suppression of clathrin deficiency by SCD6 and PSP2 is not mediated by the rescue of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) protein sorting defect observed in the absence of CHC1. Detailed domain analysis of the two suppressors reveals that the RGG-motif of both Scd6 and Psp2 is important for suppressing clathrin deficiency. Additionally, the Lsm domain deletion as well as the arginine to alanine mutation in the arginine methylation defective (AMD) mutant render Scd6 defective in suppressing clathrin deficiency. Overall based on our results using SCD6 and PSP2 proteins, we identify a novel role of RGG-motif in suppressing clathrin deficiency. Since both the suppressors are RNA-binding granule-resident proteins, this study opens an exciting avenue for exploring the connection between clathrin function and cytoplasmic RNA metabolism.
Prognostic nomogram for hepatocellular carcinoma with fibrosis of varying degrees
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Jie , Jiang Ying-yi , Wang Jian , Chen Shi-yao
Published: November 2019

Background To investigate prognostic value of varying degrees of liver fibrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and establish an effective prognostic nomogram.
Methods Eligible HCC patients with different degrees of fibrosis between 2004 and 2015 were matched from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database using propensity score matching (PSM). Prognostic value was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox hazard analysis. The nomogram on variables selected by multivariate analyses was established and subjected to internal validation. The predictive accuracy of nomograms was tested by concordance index (C-index) and calibration.
Results HCC patients with advanced fibrosis/ cirrhosis was correlated with poor survival than those with none/moderate fibrosis in all patients [HR: 1.111, 95%CI (1.042-1.185); p=0.001] and in the PSM cohort [HR: 1.131, 95%CI (1.032-1.240); p=0.009]. Multivariate analysis of propensity-matched cohort revealed that age more than 63, higher fibrosis score, AJCC stage T3-4, distant metastasis (M1), Tumor size ≥1, vascular invasion and elevated AFP level were independent factors. The nomogram integrating these factors offers an effective prognostic prediction for HCC patients (C-index 0.749, 95%CI: 0.735~0.763) relative to AJCC 7th edition (0.727) and TNM (0.73). The calibration plots suggested optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation.
Conclusions Increased fibrosis was an independent risk factor for HCC survival. The prognostic nomogram integrating fibrosis score offers a more accurate prediction.
Study characteristics affecting the responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the prognosis of patients with bilateral breast cancer: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Tang Zhenrong , Wang Yihua , Yang Luo , Chen Ling , Zhang Yingzi , Qu Chi , Liu Shengchun
Published: November 2019

BackgroundBilateral breast cancer (BBC) is defined as breast cancer diagnosed in both breasts in the same patient. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a well-established approach to evaluate the tumor response to chemotherapeutic agents. The consensus is that different responses in characteristics after NAC can affect prognosis in unilateral breast cancer (UBC), but little is known about the responses of the BBC to NAC. This analysis explored the characteristics that can affect the prognosis of patients with BBC.MethodsThe characteristics of patients diagnosed with BBC (n = 126) was collected and the immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Ki67, and HER2. A statistical analysis of the differences was performed to identify the factors that affect survival times in all patients with BBC.ResultsA logistic regression indicated that the status of sentinel and axillary lymph node, expression of PR of the right breast tumor, and molecular subtype of the right breast tumor might relate to survival times. Tumor size, status of axillary lymph node, clinical stage, tumor type, histological grade, and molecular subtype of the left breast tumor might have a more profound effect on the survival time than the right breast tumor in the synchronous breast cancer (SBBC) patients. A multivariate analysis of overall survival times in patients with metachronous breast cancer (MBBC) showed that age was the only factor affecting survival time. After NAC treatment in SBBC patients, the Kaplan-Meier survival estimate showed that a decrease in tumor size, clinical stage, Ki67 and P53 levels were positive for a prolonged life span. However, a decrease in ER, PR, and HER2 were negative for prolonged life span. Changes in tumor type and molecular subtype also influenced the survival time.ConclusionCharacteristic changes in the left breast tumor were significant factors affecting survival times in patients with SBBC. After NAC treatment, changes in tumor size, Ki67, P53, ER, PR, and HER2 might affect the prognosis of patients with SBBC. For MBBC, only age was a factor affecting survival time. These findings provide clinical insight for the treatment of patients with BBC.
Review of sustainable solar powered water supply system design approach by Water Mission Malawi
Authors: Longwe B. , Mganga M. , Sinyiza N.
Published: November 2019

Water Mission's extensive experience in designing, constructing and supporting solar-powered pumping solutions demonstrates the technological viability and cost effectiveness for delivering safe water to people, particularly in rural areas. Water Mission follows a unique design approach that uses conventional but relatively unique engineering specifications in terms of hydraulics, power requirement, water treatment and distribution, having tested them in different geographical environments. Water Mission incorporates a community-managed sustainability model into the design to ensure a longer life span for the project by promoting a well-defined maintenance and sustainability plan. This approach was applied to ten projects in 2015 in Kasungu, Lilongwe and Blantyre districts where installation, monitoring and evaluation were done and subjected to Water Mission's standards for qualification to hand them over to the beneficiary communities at the end of one year post installation. The paper is a review and discussion of the steps that Water Mission follows in its design process to come up with a sustainable project with solar energy. The paper also illustrates the non-compromise stand by Water Mission when it comes to the hand-over criteria for its projects by following and respecting the results of the prescribed evaluation test. It highlights detailed advantages and disadvantages of the design approach and presents recommendations. It is concluded that the approach can be replicated elsewhere in Malawi as a solution to water supply.
Synthesis of digital twins with use of multidimensional recursive decomposition
Authors: Minaev V. A. , Mazin A. V. , Zdiruk K. B. , Kulikov L. S.
Published: November 2019

The article presents the scientific and methodological issues of formation of digital twins collections based on the use of the multi-aspect recursive decomposition algorithm of the subject area. The general approaches to the solution of topical issues of the modern stage of artificial intelligence are considered. The terminology is concretized in the interrelated areas of knowledge – information – data and its relation with the term of «digital twins» as information containers of knowledge is discussed. The structure, power estimation and metrizability of the information space presented as a recursively defined ordered set of elements – a collection of digital twins (DT-collections) are considered. It is shown that the practical implementation of this approach and its application as part of automated control systems involves maintaining the life cycle of the creation and operation of digital twins in the Integrated information storage, implementing a two-circuit scheme (model) of management. A new cognitive approach to assess the completeness of the knowledge measure in the information space is proposed. The model of the integrated information storage realizing accumulation of knowledge in data banks of primary and secondary information is considered. As an example, a recursive decomposition of a subset of engineering systems of an educational institution is performed.