bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Populism as a Pragmatist Approach in Indonesia
Authors: Triwibowo Albert , Martha Jessica
Published: April 2022

Populism usually appears when there is dissatisfaction towards the system, and creates two different camps seen as polarization, “the elite” versus “the people.” Those camps are a result of the appeal of anti-elite. Indonesian populist leader also uses the strategy to appeal a large support of citizens, but the strategy must be understood as a part of pragmatist leadership. This paper argues that the utilization of populism in Indonesia is more motivated by pragmatic reasons rather than fundamental reasons. This pragmatic reason can be seen through inconsistent statement in the leadership which, at first, supports populist claim but tends to be different in reality. Political leaders in Indonesia try to strive for a progress as well as to seek a compromise and a support from various groups, including those labeled as elite by the populists themselves. Through an observation of secondary documents from journals and news articles during the latest presidential campaign between Jokowi and Prabowo in 2019, it is concluded that all characteristics of populist strategy have been used pragmatically by both leaders. It is applied to attract more supports in order to respect the political constraints and to work with the system.
Kebijakan Pembebasan Visa Kunjungan Wisata Indonesia dan Ancaman Keamanan
Authors: Kuswardini Seftina , Wiratma Harits Dwi
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The government policy contained in Presidential Regulation Number 21 of 2016 contains the exemption of tourist visit visas for foreign tourists in an effort to increase state revenue through the tourism sector. Through several cases, the policy decision gave freedom to 169 countries wishing to make tourist visits to Indonesia. In the course of implementing the policy, there are several things that make this policy necessary to be reviewed. The exemption of tourist visas, which is expected to contribute the largest foreign exchange to the country, has not only succeeded in increasing state revenue but also has increased the threat to state security in several sectors. Given that Indonesia provides opportunities for foreign tourists to enter Indonesian territory easily, the government should carry out socialization and coordination with all national sectors as a form of preparation for the surge in foreign tourists. This study aims to explore information regarding the extent to which the security threats obtained as an implication of the visa exemption policy are divided into transnational crimes, ecological and economic damage.

Keywords: Policy, Visa, Tourism, Implications, Security

 

Abstrak

Kebijakan pemerintah yang tertuang dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 21 Tahun 2016 berisi tentang pembebasan visa kunjungan wisata untuk turis manacanegara dalam upaya meningkatkan pendapatan negara mellaui sektor pariwisata. Melalui beberapa klai putusan kebijakan tersebut memberikan kebebasan pada 169 negara yang ingin melakukan kunjungan wisata ke Indonesia. Dalam perjalanan implementasi dari kebijakan tersebut terdapat bebrapa hal yang membuat kebijakan tersebut perlu untuk untuk dikaji kembali. Pembebasan visa wisata yang diharapkan dapat menyumbang devisa negara terbesar tidak hanya berhasil menambah pendapatan negara namun juga menambah ancaman keamanan negara pada beberapa sektor.  Mengingat bahwa Indonesia memberikan kesempatan wisatawan asing untuk dapat masuk ke wilayah Indonesia dengan mudah maka seharusnya pemerintah melakukan sosialisasi dan koordinasi dengan seluruh sektor nasional sebagai bentuk persiapan menghadapi lonjakan wisatawan asing. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali informais mengenai seberapa jauh ancaman keamanan yang diperoleh sebagai implikasi dari kebijakan pembebasan visa tersebut terbagi dalam kejahatan transnasional, kerusakan ekologi dan ekonomi.

Kata Kunci: Kebijakan, Visa, Wisata, Implikasi, Keamanan
Biodegradation Kinetic Study of Cassava & Tannia Starch-Based Bioplastics as Green Material in Various Media
Authors: Christwardana Marcelinus , Ismojo Ismojo , Marsudi Sidik
Published: April 2022

The rate of biodegradation of cassava – tannia starch bioplastic in various media was evaluated. Bioplastic degradation profile for a period of 4 weeks was seen following the Hills Equation where the speed of bioplastic biodegradation in sand media had higher yields than farm soil and compost media with the value up to 98.84 %. This is also proven by measuring the rate of degradation reaction using a first order reaction rate, where the value of the constant rate of reaction from bioplastics in sand is a little bit higher compared to farm soil and compost media (0.77647, 0.67133, and 0.15779 week-1, respectively). According to SEM pictures, there were numerous bacteria (either aerobic or anaerobic) and fungal species on the bioplastic surface, which have a role in the biodegradability of the polymer in bioplastics. The FTIR spectra of bioplastic biodegradation showed a decrease in the peak at 3400 - 3200 cm-1, and loss of the peak was present in the control at 2900 cm-1 which showed a breakdown of the polymer chain in the bioplastic especially in the O-H and C-H bonds, respectively. It can be concluded that farm soil and sand are the most optimal media in the bioplastic biodegradation process, while compost has potential but its maturity must be considered.
Terpenoids from the Stem bark of Aglaia elaeagnoidea and their cytotoxic activity against HeLa and DU145 Cancer Cell lines
Authors: Oktaviani Dini , Sukmawati Winda , Farabi Kindi , Harneti Desi , Nurlelasari Nurlelasari , Darwati Darwati , Maharani Rani , Mayanti Tri , Safari Agus , Supratman Unang
Published: April 2022

Aglaia is the largest genus of the Meliaceae family which contains terpenoid compounds. This type of compounds showed a diverse structures and biological activities that can be found in natural resources. Aglaia elaeagnoidea is a species from Aglaia genus that only has a few previous research. This study was aimed to isolate and determine the chemical structure of terpenoid compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of A. elaeagnoidea stem bark. Ethyl acetate extracts were separated and purified by various chromatographic techniques to obtain compounds 1-5. Compounds 1-5 were identified their chemical structures by spectroscopic methods (IR, MS, and NMR) and comparison with previous reported spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 were identified as eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids, 5-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-1β,6β-diol (1) and 6α-Hydroxy-eudesm-4(15)-en-1-one (2). Compounds 3-5 were identified as dammarane-type triterpenoids, 20S,24S-epoxy-25-hydroxydammarane-3-one (3), 20S,24S-epoxydammarane-3α,25-diol (4), and 3α-epi-cabraleahydroxy lactone (5). These compounds are first time reported from this plant. Compounds 1-5 were tested for cytotoxicity against HeLa cervical cancer cell and DU145 prostate cancer cell and as a result, compound 4 (20S,24S-epoxydammarane-3α,25-diol) showed the stronger activity compared to other compounds.
Voltammetric Determination of Paracetamol with Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Molecularly Imprinted Electropolymer
Authors: Aryasa I Wayan Tanjung , Noviandri Indra
Published: April 2022

Paracetamol is a commom analgesic and antipyretic drug which used for reliefing fever and head ache. The determination of paracetamol dose in pharmaceuticals is very important, becauce an overdose can cause fulminating hepatic necrosis and other toxic effects. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the dose of paracetamol for the patient with precision to avoid harm. Many analytical methodologies have been proposed for determination of paracetamol dose. One of the methods was developed in the past two decades. Generally, electroanalytical approach especially voltammetry method is particularly design for determination of paracetamol dose especially in modifying electrode. This study aims to modified carbon paste electrode with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). Significant advantages of using MIP are the superior stability, low cost and ease of preparation. The poly (3-aminiophenol) film was prepared by cyclic voltammetry method and 3-aminophenol monomer in supporting electrolyte (HClO4) with and whitout presence of paracetamol molecule. The effect of paracetamol was seen at cyclic voltammogram was founded, where oxidation peak potential of poly (3-aminophenol) shifted to more cathodic potentials from 0.948 to 0.780 V, in presence of paracetamol. The Ipa showed a good linear relationship with concentration in the range 0.01–0.1 mM, and the detection limit was 4,63 μM.
Leucaena–Derived Biochar for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Chanathaworn Jutaporn , Yatongchai Chokchai , Samanman Saluma
Published: April 2022

Giant leucaena wood was utilized to prepare heterogeneous catalysts through a fast pyrolysis method and chemical activation for transesterification. The obtained catalysts were investigated using SEM, CHNS/O analyzer, XRF and XRD. The influence of the concentration of KOH (3-9 M), catalyst amount (0.25-2.0 g), methanol to oil ratio (4:1-10:1), and reaction time (30-75 min) on FAME yield was also studied on transesterification reaction carried out at 60ºC under a 750 rpm stirring speed. The experiment results demonstrate that chemical activation was required to improve the porosity of the catalyst. The result showed that a well-developed porous structure was observed, as the concentration of KOH increased activated biochar become more porous. 7M-KOH for chemical activation was the best condition to obtain a porous catalyst. It was found that the main factors affecting the FAME yield were dependent on various parameters including methanol: oil ratio, catalyst loading, reaction time and stirring speed via transesterification process. The highest yield of 94.06% was achieved on 0.5g of the catalyst activated by 7M-KOH, a methanol:oil ratio of 6:1 and a 1-hour reaction. The obtained biodiesel mainly composed of different fatty acid in follow order C18:1 > C16:0 > C18:2 > C18:0. Properties reached the ASTM D6751-12 and EN 14214:2012 standard, indicating that leucaena-derived biochar is potentially utilized in biodiesel production.
Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Seed shell Activated Carbon Preparation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Studies
Authors: Samanman Saluma , Tepprom Nuttaporn , Yipong Inun , Saleah Yasmee , Navani Kholeeyah , Samae Nifanusi , Mohammed Amri Hj , Abd Aziz Azharin Shah
Published: April 2022

In Thailand, the rubber tree is widely used as a source of natural rubber and their seeds have been found to be rich in oil production. The seed shell is the residue and not edible but abundantly available in the country. Therefore, the objective of this work was to prepare activated carbon (AC) from rubber seed shells. ACs were produced by chemical activation and their characteristics were investigated. The effects of activation temperature and chemical impregnation time in the agent were examined. Proximate analysis was investigated and the results were within the standard of AC. The adsorption capacity was demonstrated with BET, iodine, and methylene blue number. The best produced AC (700 °C of activation temperature and 24 h of impregnation time) provided the highest BET surface area, iodine and methylene blue number were 923 m2/g, 1,234±24 mg/g and 1,204±10 mg/g, respectively. FT-IR spectrum indicates the presence of oxygen and nitrogen containing surface functional groups such as -OH, -CH3, -CH2, C=C, C-O, and N-H groups. The microstructure of the produced ACs was examined by SEM and the results found that they are porosity. The antibacterial effect results were discovered to be also effective against E. coli and S. aureus after 3 h and 24 h of contact times, respectively. In addition, the prepared AC also provided many properties that are better than those obtained by the commercial AC. Finally, it can be concluded that, AC from rubber seed shell can be applied as a low cost and possible alternate adsorbent.
The Effect of Dietary Chromium on Growth and Survival Rate of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Subandiyono Subandiyono , Hastuti Sri
Published: April 2022

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish commodity in Indonesia. The next problem in aquaculture activities is the low utilization of carbohydrates which causes the role of protein to be reduced. The effort can be done is by adding chromium to feed. Research was conducted on May - July 2019 at Hathcery Fish Center, Siwarak, Central Java. The fish was used for observation have an average weight of 5,97±0,28. The rearing of Tilapia for 42 days using a plastic tub of 1 tail / idensity of 200 fish. The feeding is given twice a day at 08.00 and 16.00 WIB. This trial used an experimental method and a completely randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were given dose A (2mgCr+3/kg of feed), B (4mgCr+3/kgof  feed), C (6mgCr+3/kg of feed) and D (8mgCr+3/kg of feed). Data observed included the level of feed consumption (TKP), feed utilization efficiency (EPP), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein digestibility, growth rate (RGR) and survival rate. The results showed that chromium had a significant effect (P<0,05) on  TKP, EPP, PER, protein digestibility and RGR. Has but no significant effect (P>0,05) on survival. The highgest TKP results in treatment B were 161,66±0,82 g, while the highgest value of EPP PER, protein digestibility, RGR was 34,51±1,25%/day, 1,18±0,04%, 99,89%, 2,15±0,08%. The optimum dose of chromium addition in growth is 3,49 mg/kg. Showed the optimum result during observation.
Novel α-Amylase Inhibitor Hemi-pyocyanin Produced by Microbial Conversion of Chitinous Discards
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hanh , Wang San-Lang , Nguyen Anh Dzung , Doan Manh Dung , Tran Thi Ngoc , Doan Chien Thang , Nguyen Van Bon
Published: April 2022

α-amylase inhibitors (aAIs) have been proved efficient for the management of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to search the potential aAIs produced by microbial fermentation. Among various bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa TUN03 was found as a potential aAI - producing strain, and shrimp heads powder (SHP) was screened as the most suitable C/N source for fermentation. P. aeruginosa TUN03 exhibited the highest aAIs productivity (3100 U/mL) in the medium containing 1.5% SHP with the initial pH of 7-7.5, and fermentation was performed at 27.5 °C in 2 days. Further, aAIs compounds were investigated for scale-up production in a 14 L – bioreactor system, and the results highlighted high yield (4200 U/mL) in much shorter fermentation time (12 h) compared to fermentation in flasks. The bioactivity-guided purification resulted in the isolation of one major target compound. This active compound was confirmed as hemi-pyocyanin (HPC), with good purity, via using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Notably, HPC demonstrated potent activity comparable to acarbose, a commercial antidiabetic drug; this is the first-ever report of aAI activity of HPC. The docking study indicated that HPC inhibits α-amylase via binding to amino acid Arg421 at the biding site on enzyme α-amylase with good binding energy (-9.3 kcal/mol) and creating two linkages of H-acceptor.
Impact of Big Data Analysis on Health
Authors: Rosário Albérico Travassos , Dias Joana Carmo
Published: April 2022

Big data analytics tools are the use of advanced analytic techniques targeting large and diverse volumes of data that include structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data from different sources and in different sizes from terabytes to zetabytes. The health sector is faced with the need to generate and manage large data sets from various health systems, such as electronic health records and clinical decision support systems. This data can be used by providers, clinicians, and policymakers to plan and implement interventions, detect disease more quickly, predict outcomes, and personalize care delivery. However, little attention is paid to the connection between big data analytics tools and the health sector. Thus, a systematic review of the bibliometric literature (LRSB) was developed to study how the adoption of big data analytics tools and infrastructures will revolutionize the healthcare industry. The review integrated 77 scientific and/or academic documents indexed in SCOPUS presenting up‐to‐date knowledge on current insights on how big data analytics technologies influence the healthcare sector and the different big data analytical tools used. The LRSB provides findings related to the impact of Big Data analytics on the health sector by introducing opportunities and technologies that provide practical solutions to various challenges.
Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody and T-cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern After Primary Immunization With CoronaVac and Booster With BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers
Authors: Jantarabenjakul Watsamon , Sodsai Pimpayao , Chantasrisawad Napaporn , Jitsatja Anusara , Ninwattana Sasiprapa , Thippamom Nattakarn , Ruenjaiman Vichaya , Tan Chee Wah , Pradit Rakchanok , Sophonphan Jiratchaya , Wacharapluesadee Supaporn , Wang Lin-fa , Puthanakit Thanyawee , Hirankarn Nattiya , Putcharoen Opass
Published: April 2022

Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) is commonly used in national immunization programs. However, the immune response significantly declined within a few months. Our study assessed the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 after receiving booster shots of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 among health care workers who previously received CoronaVac as their primary immunization. Fifty-six participants received ChAdOx1 and forty-two participants received BNT162b2 were enrolled into this study which evaluated the immune responses including anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike total antibodies (Elecsys®), surrogated viral neutralization test (sVNT) to ancestral strain (cPass™; GenScript) and five variants of concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron) (Luminex; multiplex sVNT) and the ELISpot with spike (S1 and S2) peptide pool against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain. The samples were analyzed at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks after primary immunization as well as 4 and 12 weeks after receiving the booster. This study showed a significantly higher B-cell response among the BNT162b2 than the ChAdOx1 booster group, particularly against the Omicron variant, as well as a trend of good T-cell immune response in the BNT162b2 group. Moreover, the immune response rapidly declined at 12 weeks after the booster. A fourth dose or a second booster should be recommended, especially for reducing Omicron severity.
Molecular Organisation of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus
Authors: Pulkkinen Lauri Ilmari Aurelius , Barrass Sarah Victoria , Domanska Aušra , Överby Anna K. , Anastasina Maria , Butcher Sarah Jane
Published: April 2022

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a pathogenic, enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus in the family Flaviviridae. Structural studies of flavivirus virions have primarily focused on mosquito-borne species with only one cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of a tick-borne species published. Here, we present a 3.3 Å cryo-EM structure of the TBEV virion of the Kuutsalo-14 isolate, confirming the overall organisation of the virus. We observe conformational switching of the peripheral and transmembrane helices of M protein, which can explain the quasi-equivalent packing of the viral proteins and highlights their importance in stabilizing the membrane protein arrangement in the virion. The residues responsible for the M protein inter-actions are highly conserved in TBEV but not in the structurally studied Hypr strain, nor in mosquito-borne flaviviruses. These interactions may compensate for the lower number of hydrogen bonds between E proteins in TBEV compared to the mosquito-borne flaviviruses. The structure reveals two lipids bound in the E protein, which are important for virus assembly. The lipid pockets are comparable to those recently described in mosquito-borne Zika, Spondweni, Dengue, and Usutu viruses. Our results thus advance the understanding of tick-borne flavivirus architecture and virion-stabilising interactions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF REPRODUCTION TRAITS IN COWS WITH RECORD LIFETIME MILK YIELDS
Authors:   Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, PYTLEWSKI Jarosław , ANTKOWIAK Ireneusz R. ,   Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, CZERNIAWSKA-PIĄTKOWSKA Ewa ,   Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to characterise basic reproduction indexes and to investigate the effect of selected factors on values of analysed fertility parameters in cows (100 head) with record lifetime milk yields. The experiments were conducted on Polish Holstein-Friesian Black- -and-White cattle. Cows with lifetime milk yields of min. 100 thousand kg milk were considered record holders. Animals were selected at random from herds covered by performance testing in the Poznań testing region in the years 2003–2016. It was shown that analysed cows with record lifetime milk yields exhibited slightly reduced fertility. The animals had the preferred mean age at first calving and adequate average length of pregnancy. Relatively high numbers of semen doses required for successful insemination resulted in an extended length of calving interval, interpregnancy period and artificial mating service.In the management of dairy cow herds focusing on high lifetime productivity and fertility traits it is recommended to control reproduction so that calvings take place in winter and cows calve for the first time at the age of maximum 27 months.
PROPOSAL OF THE MONITORING METHODOLOGY OF THE VIVIPAROUS LIZARD Zootoca vivipara
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland, STASIAK Aleksandra K.
Published: April 2022

The viviparous lizard (Zootoca vivipara) is a species of the Squamata order from the family of lizards (Lacertidae) covering the wide range – from Western Europe, including British islands and Ireland to the far reaches of Asia with limit of occurrence on the Japanese island of Hokkaido. The population of the viviparous lizard is not regularly monitored and does not have specific monitoring rules. Currently, numerous publications in the press and media inform about the progressive intensification of agriculture, intensity of tourist traffic or the increasingly progressive urbanization of the environment, which contributes to the migration of viviparous lizards from these areas. It has been suggested that because of human interference with the environment, viviparous lizards retreat to intact natural habitats. This is related to decrease in the area of occurrence of these reptiles and less frequent observations than before. The work presents a proposed methodology of viviparous lizard monitoring based on the evaluation of population status indicator – relative abundance and habitat condition indicators such as availability of breeding places and availability of hiding places. The aim of the article is to present indicators of the population status and habitat condition indicators, additionally to establish terms and frequency of surveys within the framework of the possibility to conduct monitoring studies of viviparous lizard populations.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF MEAT PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS IN POLISH AND FRENCH LIMOUSINE BULLS
Authors:   Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland, WIŚNIEWSKI Konrad , KUCZYŃSKA Beata ,   Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland, PRZYSUCHA Tomasz ,   Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
Published: April 2022

The study covered bulls of the Limousine meat breed, whose parents were of Polish and French origin, kept on farms in Poland. This study aimed to assess whether individuals of Polish origin cover their genetic potential compared to bulls of French origin. These studies were carried out under the program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education "Implementation Doctorate" DWD3 / 53/2019 in cooperation with the Polish Association of Beef Cattle Breeders and Producers in 2019-2022. The research material consisted of 925 bulls, 447 by French father and 478 by Polish father. Among breeders of Polish origin, special attention was paid to the fact that parents of French origin did not appear in the pedigrees in the previous two generations. The following factors were taken into account in the comparative analysis: the country of origin of the bull's father, the country of origin of the bull's mother, body weight after calving (kg), body weight at 210 and 420 days of life (kg) and gains (g) in this period, standardized weight in 210 and 420 days (kg), as well as the height at withers (cm), chest circumference (cm), ultrasound measurement of the longest back muscle (cm3), muscle index, development index, collective evaluation index, calibre, muscle and bone share, functional features and state. The individual calendar months were taken into account as the calving period. Statistical analysis was performed by multivariate ANOVA using SPSS.23 software. A significant influence of the father's origin on the vital parameters of bulls was shown. After the birth of a Polish father, the mean body weight of bulls was 39.08 kg and was lower by 0.95 kg (p ≥ 0.01) than males of French origin. Bodyweight, daily gains, standardized body weight in the 210th and 420th day of life, height at the withers, chest circumference, ultrasound measurement of the longest back muscle, meatiness index, development index, and aggregate evaluation index spoke in favour of bulls of French origin. However, there were no significant differences in maternal origin, size, muscle and bone proportion, functional components, and condition.
Fractographic Analysis of Tensile Failures of Zirconia Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Abd Muhannad M. , Alduwaib S. M.
Published: April 2022

This work characterizes the fractographic features of the neat epoxy and ZrO2 epoxy nanocomposites. All samples were subjected to a tensile test to determine the tensile strength and tensile modulus. SEM images were used to study the morphology of the fractured surface. The fractographic of the fracture surfaces were studied by microstructure analysis program (j-images) to specify the effect of ZrO2 nanoparticles on tensile performance and failure mechanism for ZrO2 epoxy nanocomposites. The tensile test results show that the addition of ZrO2 nanoparticles (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 vol.%) to the epoxy matrix leads to increase the tensile strength about 40% for optimal content of ZrO2 nanoparticles at 4 vol.%, tensile modules of ZrO2 epoxy nanocomposites increased about 200% for optimal content of ZrO2 nanoparticles at 4 vol.%. SEM images show that the patterns of fractured surfaces of ZrO2 epoxy nanocomposites are different from the pattern of the neat epoxy. The fracture roughness of ZrO2 epoxy nanocomposites increased with the increases of the percentages of ZrO2 nanoparticles, where the increment of fracture roughness about 30% for optimal content of ZrO2 nanoparticles at 4 vol.% can be indicator for the improvement of mechanical properties (tensile strength and modules).
Tracción de un incisivo central superior en posición ectópica con un hawley modificado: reporte de un caso clínico.
Authors: Sánchez-Achío Tony
Published: April 2022

La prevalencia de la impactación de los incisivos maxilares permanentes oscila entre un 0,06 y un 1% de la población. Una de las posibles causas de impactación del incisivo central superior es la presencia de un odontoma. El estudio de este caso clínico tuvo como objetivo plantear una propuesta de tratamiento ortodóncico para una niña con dentición mixta temprana, mediante la tracción de un incisivo central maxilar impactado, problema poco común en la población, causado por la presencia de un odontoma compuesto. Paciente femenina de 6 años y 2 meses de edad se presentó a la consulta privada. El examen clínico mostró un retraso en la exfoliación de las piezas dentales 5.1 y 5.2; la radiografía panorámica reveló la presencia de un odontoma compuesto y la tomografía mostró la pieza dental 1.1 en una posición ectópica, horizontal en el plano sagital. Se realizó la remoción del odontoma compuesto al mismo tiempo que se expuso el diente impactado, y se decidió utilizar un aparato removible tipo Hawley modificado con una torre para realizar la tracción del diente. La elección de buenos registros diagnósticos es esencial en el diagnóstico temprano y oportuno de patologías óseas y alteraciones dentales. La paciente presentó una impactación del diente 1.1 y, debido a su dentición mixta temprana, no fue posible tratarla convencionalmente con aparatología fija de brackets, por lo que se decidió realizar un aparato removible tipo Hawley modificado. El tiempo de tratamiento de la tracción dental fue de 8 meses, tiempo relativamente corto, según la literatura.
Future Projections of Daily Maximum and Minimum Temperatures Over East Asia for the Carbon Neutrality Period of 2050-2060
Authors: Zhang Jingyong , Chen Feng
Published: April 2022

Future climate projections provide vital information for preventing and reducing disaster risks induced by the global warming. However, little attention has been paid to climate change projections oriented towards carbon neutrality. In this study, we address projected changes in daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures as well as diurnal temperature range (DTR) over East Asia for the carbon neutrality period of 2050–2060 under the newly available SSP1-1.9 pathway of sustainable development by using CMIP6 model simulations. CMIP6 multi-model ensemble results show that Tmax and Tmin will significantly increase with varying magnitudes during the carbon neutrality period of 2050–2060 under SSP1-1.9 over the whole East Asia while both upward and downward changes will occur for the DTR. Projected Tmax, Tmin and DTR changes all exhibit new spatial patterns during 2050–2060 under SSP1-1.9 compared with those over the same period under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5. Compared to 1995–2014, projected Tmax and Tmin averaged over East Asia during 2050–2060 will significantly warm up by 1.43℃ and 1.40℃ under SSP1-1.9, while the warming magnitudes are 1.93℃ and 2.04℃ under SSP2-4.5, and 2.67℃ and 2.85℃ under SSP5-8.5. Research on carbon neutrality-oriented climate change projections needs to be strengthened for jointly achieving a net-zero future.
Prevalence of Eimeria species, detected by ITS1-PCR, in broiler poultry farms located in seven provinces of northeastern Algeria
Authors: Djemai Samir , Ayadi Ouarda , Khelifi Daoudi , Bellil Inès , Hide Geoff
Published: April 2022

Coccidiosis is an important global disease of chickens and can cause major economic losses for local poultry production in countries such as Algeria. Little is known about the extent of infection or diversity, of the causative agent Eimeria spp., in Algeria. A priority, therefore, is to determine the prevalence and species composition to inform strategies on treatments and control measures. Samples were collected from 187 broiler farms, located in 7 Northeastern Algerian provinces (Jijel, Constantine, Skikda, Mila, Setif, Batna, Bordj bou-Arreridj), and Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 PCR (ITS1-PCR) was used to determine the prevalence and composition of Eimeria species in chickens. The survey revealed the presence of all seven species of Eimeria at different prevalences (E. maxima (69%), E. acervulina (68.4%), E. necatrix (11.2%), E. tenella (8%), E. praecox (4.3%), E. mitis (2.1%), E. brunetti (2.1%). Multiple infections, with up to 4 different Eimeria species present on a single farm, was the most frequent situation in our samples (51.9% mixed infections versus 47.6% single infections). All farms revealed infected samples and we conclude that this parasite is a significant problem in these provinces.
Evaluation and comparison of CMIP6 and CMIP5 models performance in simulating the runoff
Authors: Guo Hai , Zhan Chesheng , Ning Like , Li Zhonghe
Published: April 2022

This study evaluates and compares the performance of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and CMIP5 in simulating the runoff on global scale and eight large-scale basins, over the period 1981–2005 using percent bias (PBIAS), correlation coefficient (CC), root mean square error (RMSE), Theil-Sen median trend, and the Taylor diagram. The CMIP models are ranked by comprehensive rating index (MR), which is determined by PBIAS, CC and RMSE three metrics. LORA, GRUN and ERA5-Land were selected as reference data sets. LORA was used as the main reference data to evaluate the historical runoff results of CMIP from 1981 to 2012 for three aspects: trend, PBIAS and uncertainty. Results reveal that: (i) CMIP6 models have obviously overvalued on the global and basins (except Amazon and Lena basin), this phenomenon was more prominent in arid and semi-arid areas ( Murray-Darling and Nile basin). (ii) Compared with CMIP5 models, CMIP6 models have less uncertainty on the global scale, but it has not made outstanding progress on the basin scale. (iii) CMIP6 multi‐model ensemble mean (CMIP6_MMEs) has better simulation effect than most individual models, which reduces the uncertainty among different models to some extent. (iv) There were differences in trends and PBIAS between the three reference data sets at both the global and basin scale. However, the interannual fluctuations of the three data sets were basically the same and have high correlation coefficient (except for ERA5 in the world and Nile basin), which shows that LORA data set has high reliability. The global comprehensive rating metric (GR) of CMIP6_MMEs was better than CMIP5_MMEs in all metrics, but this result was not found in eight basins. This shows that CMIP6 models has better effect in simulating global runoff and related diagnostic indicators. Implying further improvements are needs for the runoff simulation capability at the basin scale.
Provider and Patient Perspectives to Improve Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography 5 years after Medicare Coverage: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Martinez Meghan C. , Stults Cheryl D. , Li Jiang
Published: April 2022

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for both men and women in the U.S. despite the availability of preventive cancer screening for high-risk smokers. This qualitative study of patients and providers from a large ambulatory healthcare system in northern California explored perceptions of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LCS-LDCT) 5 years after Medicare coverage to identify modifiable targets to improve the implementation of LCS-LDCT. Between 2019 and 2020, interviews were conducted with 10 primary care physicians and 30 patients from three groups (completed LCS-LDCT, scan ordered but not completed, eligible but no order) using semi-structured interview guides. Providers and patients expressed that they were both aware and supportive of LCS-LDCT but reported little to no shared decision making nor use of a decision aid despite being Medicare requirements. Respondents suggested improvements to LCS-LDCT including incorporating a nurse navigator into the process to ease the burden on providers and provide additional education and counselling about screening and support for tobacco cessation to patients. Given recently expanded guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force for LCS-LDCT screening, and the expectation that these new guidelines may be covered by Medicare in the near future, it is important for healthcare systems to understand provider and patient perceptions to further improve the implementation of LCS-LDCT to ultimately reduce lung cancer mortality.
Testing the stakeholders’ partnership in a tourism waste management network: An ERGM approach
Authors: XU XIUMEI , HUANG Yicheng , Lai Qun , Feng Chao
Published: April 2022

The exponential random graph model (ERGM) is an effective approach for testing the dynamic and local processes of a network. This paper explores the structure of stakeholders’ partnerships in a tourism waste management network using high-order dependency ERGMs based on relational data obtained from a field survey in Motuo County, China. The results reveal that (1) many edges have been formed in the observed network, which indicates the network is relatively tight; (2) the parameter of “Geometrically Weighted Edge Distribution” shows a high transitive effect of the network; (3) the structural effect is more significant than the attribute effect; and (4) the simulation model well fits the observed data, which reflects that the tourism waste network governance structure with close connection and collaborative division of labor has been formed in the case. These findings indicate that different groups of stakeholders have been extensively involved in tourism waste management in Motuo County. The edgewise shared partners formed by stakeholders of different groups increase the information transmission efficiency of the network. The results have implications for tourism waste management, specifically for promoting sustainability transitions via network governance.
Galectin-3 binding protein stimulated IL-6 expression is impeded by antibody intervention in SARS-CoV-2 susceptible cell lines
Authors: Mendes-Frias Ana , Gallo Valentina , Iacobelli Valentina , Gentile Roberta , Antonini Giovanni , Silvestre Ricardo , Iacobelli Stefano
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 is the global pandemic that affected our population in the past two years. Considerable research has been done to better understand the pathophysiology of this disease and to identify new therapeutic targets, especially for severe cases. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a receptor present at the surface of different cell types, namely epithelial and inflammatory cells, which has been described as a severity marker in COVID-19. The activation of Gal-3 through its binding protein (Gal-3BP) is directly linked to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute for the cytokine storm (CS) observed in severe COVID-19 patients. Here, we show that D2, a recombinant fragment of the lectin-binding region of Gal-3BP was able to stimulate the expression of IL-6 in colon and lung epithelial cell lines in β-galactoside dependent manner. We further show that D2-induced IL-6 augmentation was reduced by the anti-Gal-3BP monoclonal antibody 1959. Our data confirm and extend prior findings of Gal-3BP mediated IL-6 induction, enlightening the potential of its antibody-mediated s blockage for the prevention and treatment of CS and severe disease in COVID-19 patients.
Association of prenatal depression and plasma prolactin concentrations with neonatal birthweight
Authors: Wang Shan , Jia Xiaowen , Zhang Dan , Chen Shengquan , Xu Meina , Jin Xi , Zhu Zhongliang , Li Hui
Published: April 2022

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that prenatal depression is associated with altered birthweight in the offspring. The hormone prolactin (PRL) plays an important role in the etiology of mood disorders in women, especially for depression. We tested the hypotheses that maternal prenatal PRL levels can significantly influence neonatal birthweight and adequate PRL levels can alleviate prenatal depression-induced normal neonatal birthweight loss risk. Methods: The study population consisted of 392 mother-infant dyads. Symptoms of maternal prenatal depression were evaluated through the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and concentrations of plasma PRL and placental growth hormone (PGH) were measured before the delivery and umbilical cord plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor -1(IGF1) were measured at birth. The associations among maternal depressed symptoms, concentrations of related hormones and infant's birthweight were examined through linear regressions models. Results: Infants of low maternal PRL had a 0.169 unit (95%CI, -0.488,- 0.130) decrease in the birthweight Z-score compared to infants whose mothers had adequate PRL. Infants of depressed mothers with low PRL had a 0.253 unit(95%CI, -0.853,-0.369) decrease in the birthweight Z score compared to infants whose mothers had adequate PRL and normal emotion. Among infants of depressed mothers, we demonstrated that neonatal birthweight was reduced by a 0.285 unit if the mothers had low PRL concentrations compared to adequate PRL concentrations. As compared with low maternal PRL concentrations, high PRL concentrations were associated with an increase in the concentrations of IGF1 in offspring, but no association with PGH.Conclusion: We found that prenatal depression and low maternal PRL levels are at increased risk of normal infant’ s birthweight loss as measured by weight Z-score and sufficient maternal PRL levels would mitigate the adverse impact of prenatal depression on birthweight. We also found that prenatal depression and low PRL concentrations were associated with reduced fetal IGF1.
Organic Residues in transport vessels from the Red Sea Coast of Eritrea: A Further Element to Understand Past Commercial Relations
Authors: Zerai Abraham , Guerrini Camilla , Łucejko Jeannette J. , Ribechini Erika , Piccirillo Anna , Massa Serena , Mandelli Chiara , Medin Tsegai , Re Alessandro , Giudice Alessandro Lo , Davit Patrizia , Gulmini Monica
Published: April 2022

The archaeological site of Adulis lays on the Red Sea Coast of Eritrea and during Late antiquity played a significant role in interregional commerce among the Mediterranean, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean coasts. Contacts with the Eastern Mediterranean, Arabian Peninsula and the Sasanian world have been attested from different classes of pottery that were brought to light from on-going excavations at the site. Transport vessels have attracted particular attention as they testify the extent of trades and exchange networks. Transport vessels were coated by organic materials to seal porosity and make them suitable to transport different liquids and/or food. The characterisation of coating materials helped shedding light on their function, and also support the attribution to different classes of transport vessels found in the Indian Ocean and Red Sea worlds. Here, the characterisation of the organic lining detected on a set of samples identified as Late Roman Amphora 1 is discussed. Results from the chemical analyses performed by FT-IR and GC-MS revealed that bitumen was used for lining the jars, thus leading to set the classification of the amphorae within the wide class of the so- called Torpedo jars. By overcoming the question of typological complexity posed from macroscopic examination of the sherds, the chemical investigation contributed here crucial information for the interpretation of past trading in the Indian Ocean. The research gave clues to broaden the distribution of the Torpedo jars to Adulis, giving an unexpected insight into the trading routes of the past.
Comparison of the prevalence and severity of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester between singleton pregnancies conceived from stimulated in vitro fertilization and frozen embryo transfer cycles
Authors: Wong Evelyn , Ko Jennifer KY , Li Raymond HW , Ng Ernest HY
Published: April 2022

Objective The objective of this prospective study is to compare the prevalence and severity of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester between singleton pregnancies conceived from stimulated in vitro fertilization (IVF) and frozen embryo transfer cycles (FET). MethodsAll women were recruited at 6 weeks gestation and filled in the modified Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE) to document whether they had any experience of nausea and vomiting weekly till 12 weeks gestation. The primary outcome was the prevalence of nausea and vomiting and the secondary outcomes included severity of nausea and vomiting and pregnancy outcomes. ResultsA total of 360 pregnant women were recruited and 171 were in the stimulated IVF group and 189 in the FET group. The overall return rate was 82.2% (81.8% in the stimulated IVF group and 82.5% in the FET group). Nausea and vomiting were worse in the FET group compared with the IVF group. There were significantly more women who felt nauseated or sick in the FET group (p value=0.032 for week 11 and p value=0.046 for week 12); significantly more women with a longer duration of nausea in the FET group (p value=0.044 for week 7 and p value=0.030 for week 8); significantly more women with more vomiting in a day in the FET group (p value=0.042) and significantly more women with retching or dry heaves in the FET group (p value=0.030 for week 8 and p value=0.028 for week 11). Conclusion Nausea and vomiting were significantly more prevalent and severe in the FET group when compared with the stimulated IVF group.
A SPAST gene-related hereditary spastic paraplegia type 4 family: Identification by a novel mutation
Authors: Zhang Liping , wang Yufen , He Xiaofeng
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to confirm the disease causing of a family with hereditary spastic paraplegia. Methods: Detailed clinical characterization analysis was undertake in the HSP family, taking peripheral blood sample from the 9 subjects for the extraction of genomic DNA and the proband underwent next generation sequencing. Potentially causative variants were identified by Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Results: In this study, we obtained clinical and genetic findings in the family with HSP. There were four generations including 47 members, and ten affected members displayed pure HSP, they showed clinical phenotyping that varied in their severity. Gene sequencing suggested that the proband has carried a novel heterozygous variant c.1057_1058insCC in the SPAST gene, and the same mutation was identified in other affected family members.Conclusions: Here, we showed a family with pure autosomal dominant HSP type 4(SPG4). The novel mutation c.1057_1058insCC of SPAST is the causative variant in this HSP-SPG4 family. And the persent study expands the mutation spectrum of SPAST and provides an opportunity to study the genotype-phenotype correlation in SPG4.
Stochastic bifurcations of nonlinear vibroimpact system with time delay and fractional derivative excited by Gaussian white noise
Authors: Wu Hao , Wang Qiubao , Zhang Congqing , Han Zikun , Tian Ruilan
Published: April 2022

This paper investigates the stochastic dynamics in the nonlinear vibroimpact system with time delay and fractional derivative under Gaussian white noise excitation. Firstly, by dealing with the fractional derivative and using the non-smooth transformation method, the original system is transformed into an equivalent stochastic delay vibroimpact system without fractional derivative. Then, the time delay effect is equivalent to Markov jump system, aiming to eliminate the term of time delay in the equivalent stochastic system, which is one of the highlights in this paper. Another highlight is the modified primary frequency in the optimized system is slightly improved than the previous. At last, by using the stochastic averaging method, the stationary density function of the stochastic Ito ˆ equation is obtained. The agreements between the original system and the optimized system without fractional derivative and the term of time delay validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. We also explore the stochastic P-bifurcation induced by the power spectral density of two uncorrelated noises, time delay, fractional order, and restitution coefficient of the system.