bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHINESE SOURCES ON THE AMIR TEMUR EMPIRE
Authors:   Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of History, Culture, Politics and Economics of China, Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies (Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan), Karimova Natalya Ermanovna
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the information about the Empire of Amir Timur containing in Chinese sources, as well as the issues of trade and diplomatic relations between the Empire of Amir Timur and China. The article is based on materials from Chinese sources, primarily the Ming Shi (History of the Ming Dynasty) and the Ming Shilu (Veritable Records of the Ming Dynasty), as well as data from Chinese scholarly literature. It presents several little-known facts about the relations between China and Central Asian states.
THE PEDAGOGICAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN INTEGRATIVE EDUCATION
Authors:   Phd., Interim Associate Professor At The Clinical Sciences Department Asia International University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Obidovna Djalilova Zarnigor
Published: March 2024

This study examines the pedagogical and psychological implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into education. As AI technologies become more prevalent in educational settings, it is crucial to understand their impact on teaching and learning processes from both pedagogical and psychological perspectives. This paper explores how AI tools influence teaching methods, student engagement, learning outcomes, and the overall educational environment. Additionally, it investigates the psychological effects of AI integration on students, educators, and educational stakeholders. By addressing these aspects, this research aims to provide insights into the effective and ethical utilization of AI technologies in integrative education.
THE EVOLVING LANDSCAPE: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN DIGITAL EDUCATION
Authors:   3rd Grade Student Of Tashkent State University Of Economics, Uzbekistan, Ugli Nurillaev Mukhammadkhan Isroilkhon
Published: March 2024

Digital education, the integration of technology into the learning process, has revolutionized the educational landscape. From interactive online courses to AI-powered tutors, technology offers a plethora of opportunities to enhance learning and democratize access to knowledge. However, like any significant change, this transformation comes with its own set of challenges that need to be addressed.
ECONOMIC PROBLEMS RELATED TO ECOLOGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors:   Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd  year student of the direction ", ugli Egamberdiev Shavkatbek Shakhobiddin ,   Economics",   , Uzbekistan, Ugli Mukhtorov Oyatillo Nematjon ,   Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan, ugli Gulamov Jasurbek  Muhammadali ,   Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan, ugli Davronov Diyorbek Davlatbek ,   Andijan Machine-Building Institute 2nd year student of the direction "Economics", Uzbekistan
Published: March 2024

Global climate change is widely studied globally. Today on Earth global climate change is observed. The average temperature on our planet is over thirty a degree increased in the year. New species of insects and pests have appeared. This a very big problem. Hence the climate change that the study raises causes, among other problems, humanity in nature during its existence is associated with interference. Logging, plowing, land improvement, and etc. will cause changes in humidity and wind conditions and an opinion on this -mulochases can attract the attention of a person and bring the scientific novelty of the topic increases.
EMERGING TRENDS OF TEACHERS' RESISTANCE TO CLASSROOM VISITATION, MONITORING AND SUPPORT PRACTICES CARRIED OUT BY DISTRICT EDUCATION OFFICIALS
Authors: ISSAH MOHAMMED
Published: March 2024

This study examines the emerging trends of teachers’ resistance to classroom visitation, monitoring and support practices carried out by district education officials in the Elliotdale Circuit secondary schools of the Dutywa Education District, South Africa. A qualitative approach as well as a case study design were adopted. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select a sample size of twenty-two (22) participants which comprised five (5) principals, twelve (12) teachers, two (2) subject advisors from the District Education Office and three (3) teacher union members from the teacher union office in the Elliotdale Circuit. Permission to conduct the study was sought from the provincial and district education offices. Audiotape recording was used to collect data through face-to-face in-depth individual interviews. Data were analysed thematically. Findings were that there were frequent and unannounced district officials' classroom visitation and monitoring in schools, district and provincial officials displayed some bossy behaviours in schools, there were cases of teachers being victimised and harassed by departmental officials, some teachers were lazy to teach and also expressed fear of been called failures, the existence of teacher unions significantly influenced teacher resistance to classroom visitations and there was fear of change and the unknown experienced by some teachers. Recommendations made were that: The District Education Office should work hand in hand with the Elliotdale Circuit to organize change management, curriculum and pedagogical content knowledge workshops for teachers, school heads and provincial and district education officials to equip them with knowledge on sources and nature of resistance to change in schools and how to ensure classroom visitation and school monitoring are solely based on teacher support and development and so should be devoid of victimization, harassment, witch-hunting and fault-finding.
THE USE OF VISUAL CONTENT AND AUGMENTED REALITY FOR PUBLIC RELATIONS CAMPAIGN ON SOCIAL MEDIA IN ANAMBRA STATE
Authors: IFEOMA AGBASIMELO CHIOMA , DURU NGOZI
Published: March 2024

Social Media and Public Relations have been intertwined for a number of years. Social Media is a significant part of any PR strategy, it has a much faster response time and a wider audience engagement than PR techniques of old. Social Media affords individuals an opportunity to show a different side of themselves and allows a brand to show more of its personality. With this shift, PR- enabling phenomena such as selfies, Instagram and Snapchat filters, Facebook Live and Periscope, have become completely ingrained into our day-to-day lives. The rising trend of visual content in Social Media means that PR will not only have to adapt to a new type of content but also a new format for successfully delivering brand messages. The study examined the Use of Visual Content and Augmented Reality for Public Relations Campaigns on Social Media in Anambra State. The study anchored on Grunig and Hunt's Public Relations Model and Technological Determinism Theory. The population comprises Public Relations professionals in Anambra State. Survey Research Method was used to solicit information. The purposive sampling method was used to gather data for the study. The study revealed that social media has already adapted visual content with the successes of Facebook Live and Instagram stories. The study revealed that by utilising visual content on social media, brands can engage in a more direct way with the audience. The study recommends that organizations, businesses and parastatals should adapt visual content and augmented reality format for successfully delivering brand messages and that there is a need for PR professionals to have new skill sets, to be able to effectively film and edit visual content.
The Effect of Critical Thinking Ability on Independent Learning Interest of XI Social Studies Class Students of SMA Negeri 09 Kaur
Authors: Andika Hendo , Milla Hilyati , Ayuni Rossa
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the critical thinking skills of class XI IPS students at SMA Negeri 09 Kaur, to determine the interest in independent learning of students in class XI IPS SMA Negeri 09 Kaur and to determine the effect of critical thinking skills on the interest in independent learning of students in class XI IPS SMA Negeri 09 Kaur. The type of research used in this study is a type of quantitative research. The population in this study were all students of SMA Negeri 09 Kaur. The sample in this study was 30 students of class XI IPS at SMA Negeri 09 Kaur. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression, determining simple linear regression equations by calculating the average and testing the regression linearity using the ANOVA table. Based on the results of the analysis of research data and the discussion that has been carried out, it can be concluded that there is an influence of critical thinking skills on the interest in independent learning of class XI IPS students of SMA Negeri 09. It can be concluded that the ability to think scores reach 38.8, the number lies between 38-46 in the criteria table assessment with a very good category, this shows the ability to think critically is very good. Interest in learning scores reached 34.7 based on the assessment criteria table. This figure is between 29-37, with a fairly good category. This means that interest in independent learning is quite good. Based on the results of statistical data analysis carried out using the simple linear regression formula, the value of the simple linear regression equation is Y = 0.957 + 0.870X. Based on these results, we get Fcount of 77.88 and Ftable at a significant level of 5% of 4.20. If Fcount is greater than Ftable then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted (77.88> 4.20), so it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence on critical thinking skills and interest in independent learning. Furthermore, testing the determinant coefficient r2 = 0.735 or 73.5% critical thinking ability is influenced by interest in independent learning, while the rest is influenced by other variables of 26.5%.
Implementasi Metode Association Rule Mining Pada Penjualan Barang Di Toko Bangunan Ada Mas Menggunakan Algoritma Apriori
Authors: Saputra Anton , Sari Herlina Latipa , Sartika Devi
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to implement the association rule mining method on sales transaction data at the store and also to find out the most popular and most sold building materials at the Ada Mas Building Shop. The implementation of the Association Rule Mining Method on the sale of goods at the Ada Mas Building Shop is used to provide information on the results of the sales pattern of building materials every month which can be used as a parameter in managing the inventory of building materials at the Ada Mas Building Shop, besides that it can provide information on the most popular and most sold building materials at the Ada Mas Building Shop. Based on sales transaction data for September 2022 as many as 193 transactions, the results of 2 itemset sales patterns using the Association Rule Mining Method that meet the minimum support of 10% and minimum confidence of 50% are the most popular items, namely Iron 10 KSTY, Iron 8 KSTY, and Iron 6 KSTY.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Dukungan Keluarga Dalam Pencegahan Osteoporosis Pada Pra Lansia Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Agung Kabupaten Rejang Lebong Tahun 2023
Authors: Novalion Novalion , Murwati Murwati , Rustandi Handi
Published: March 2024

Aging is a process of decreasing the ability of tissues to repair themselves or replace themselves, maintain normal structure and function slowly, so that they can withstand injury (including infection) and can repair the damage suffered. When aging occurs the bone density process decreases, the decrease in bone density is called osteoporosis (Darmojo, 2015). Knowing the Relationship between Knowledge and Family Support in Preventing Osteoporosis in Pre-Elderly in the Working Area of the Tanjung Agung Health Center, Rejang Lebong Regency in 2023. This type of research is analytical research using this type of research is analytical research using a cross-sectional design (Hidayat, 2012). The population of this study were families who had pre elderly aged 45-59 at the Tanjung Agung Health Center in 2022 totaling 100 people. the number of samples in this study were 50 respondents. The results of this study indicate that almost half of the respondents 23 (46%) had insufficient knowledge about the prevention of osteoporosis, most of the respondents 39 (78%) had supportive family support, Most of the respondents 39 (78%) had supportive family support, more than half of the respondents 29 (58%) had moderate osteoporosis prevention, there was a significant relationship between family knowledge and prevention of osteoporosis in the pre-elderly, there was a significant relationship between family support and prevention of osteoporosis in the pre-elderly at Pukesmas Tanjung Agung Rejang Lebong Regency in 2023. The results of this study are recommended to the health center to provide more frequent counseling to families regarding the prevention of osteoporosis in the pre-elderly.
Komunikasi Interpersonal Dalam Menciptakan Keluarga Sakinah
Authors: Herni Oci Asti , Sari Sapta , Yanto Yanto
Published: March 2024

This study aims to identify and analyze Interpersonal Communication in Creating Sakinah Families. Study of Couples in Early Marriage in Teramang Jaya District, Muko Muko Regency. empathy), support (supportiveness), positiveness (positiveness), equality (equality), the results of this study show Interpersonal Communication in Creating Sakinah Families Study of Early Marriage Couples in Teramang Jaya District, Muko Muko Regency. This can be seen from the way they convey family problems openly. A sense of empathy, husband and wife couples have high empathy for husband and wife seen from the way they understand problems in the family as well as some couples in Early Age Marriage in Teramang Jaya Subdistrict provide support to husband and wife for the problems they are experiencing. Support, husband and wife give each other support in communicating, seen from the couple as communicants receive information and provide suggestions that are supportive of information from the wife. Positive feelings, positive feelings in interpersonal communication for early age couples are still not well established. However, this couple tries to convey information clearly and accommodates suggestions and criticisms from partners positively. Equality, husband and wife as communicators respect all opinions of both regardless of the problems faced, so that there is equality in communicating without prioritizing personal ego.
韓日比較の観点に基づく2022改訂社会科教育課程の 地図学習の特徴
Authors:   The Society of Korea and Japan Education, Yang Byung-Il
Published: March 2024

本研究の目的は、韓日比較の観点から韓国の2022改訂社会科教育課程に現れた地図学習の特徴を明らかにすることである。研究目的を達成するために、本研究は日本の2017改訂小学校社会科学習指導要領と韓国の2022改訂初等学校社会科教育課程に現れた地図学習の内容を比較及び分析した。分析結果は次の４つにまとめることができる。まず、両国とも地図学習の地域的範囲を弾力的に運営しているが、2022改訂社会科教育課程の地図学習には学習者の生活圏を中心に環境拡大法が弾力的に適用されている。第二に、2022年改訂社会科教育過程には、韓国の領域を対象とする地図学習が弱まった。第三に、2022年改訂社会科教育課程の地図学習は、客観性と主観性が同時に考慮された。第4に、2022改訂社会科教育課程の地図学習には、デジタル映像地図とデジタル映像地球儀のようなデジタル空間映像情報の活用が強調されている。The purpose of this study is to reveal the characteristics of map learning in Korea's 2022 revised social studies curriculum from the perspective of Korea-Japan comparison. To achieve the research purpose, this study compared and analyzed the contents of map learning presented in Japan's 2017 revised elementary school social studies curriculum guidelines and Korea's 2022 revised elementary school social studies national curriculum. The analysis results can be organized into the following four categories. First, although both countries operate with flexible regional scopes for map learning, the expanding environments approach is flexibly applied to map learning in the 2022 revised Korean social studies national curriculum, focusing on the learners' living areas. Second, map learning targeting Korean territory has been weakened in the 2022 revised Korean social studies national curriculum. Third, both objectivity and subjectivity were considered in the map learning of the 2022 revised social studies curriculum. Fourth, the use of digital spatial image information such as digital image maps and digital image globe models is emphasized in the map learning of the 2022 revised social studies curriculum.
Managerial Ability and Peer Selection in Relative Performance Evaluation
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Lee Min Young
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out whether companies consider CEO ability to choose peer groups in relative performance evaluation. For empirical analysis, this study used US listed companies, and the primary empirical results are as follows. First, the performance of peers is significantly related with CEO compensation scheme when peers are selected by reflecting the similarity of CEO ability between companies within the same industry. Second, the performance of peer companies significantly affects CEO performance evaluation when peers are chosen by taking into account the similarity of the industry, firm size, and CEO ability. These results imply that firms consider similarity of CEO ability in peer group as well as common risk factors of peers to increase the usefulness of relative performance evaluation. This study enhances the understanding of the relative performance evaluation in CEO compensation by finding that CEO ability can be reflected as a selection criterion for peer companies in relative performance evaluation.
A Study of Developing a Job Recommendation Model Using Transformer Models
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Jeon Jung Woo , Song Ji Ho , Ahn Tae Ho
Published: March 2024

With the rapid technological advancements brought about by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the industrial ecosystem is undergoing changes with new professions emerging and existing ones disappearing at an unprecedented rate. This societal shift is leading to an employment market dominated by professionals with experience, with an increasing number of individuals working in roles unrelated to their major. Additionally, the discrepancy between one's major and the job requirements demanded by industries is leading to a rising number of young job seekers abandoning their job search. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to develop job recommendation models based on job seekers' resumes, evaluate the performance of these models, and propose ways to enhance the applicability of the recommended jobs. To achieve this, two experiments were conducted. The first experiment evaluated the performance of a job recommendation model that applied the Transformer architecture, using a training dataset composed of resumes with 52 features and set hyperparameters. The second experiment evaluated the performance of a deep learning model, which applied fine-tuning techniques on a training dataset constructed from 34 features after removing any feature with more than 30% missing values from the original 52 features used in the first experiment. The increase in the epoch value of the Transformer model has significant implications.
This research demonstrates that the optimization of training data and the application of fine-tuning in deep learning model design significantly impact the performance improvement of job recommendation models. Given the rate of increase in epoch values observed in this study, it is expected that applying high-quality resume data to the Transformer model for additional model training in the future will further enhance the performance of career-based job recommendation models for both students preparing for employment based on their major and for experienced job seekers.
Creating and Evaluating Herbal Anti-Ageing Cream Contains Pomegranate Seed Oil
Authors: Tiwari Ankita , Ramteke Suman , Shukla Neha
Published: March 2024

 Introduction:
The skin is the most important exposed a part of the body, is crucial in establishing social bonds and defending against environmental harm. In the present scenario to look attractive is a primary concern for the growing population in order to maintain social integrity and well being. However cell death is a natural process but due to highly stressful environmental conditions now a day’s skin aging is a primary concern for dermatologists. In the present research work we aim to develop a novel anti-ageing cream for the prevention and treatment of unnatural skin ageing by utilizing pomegranate seed oil.

 Method:
The pomegranate seed oil was purchased from Amarnath export Bangalore Karnataka. The preparation of anti-aging cream was accomplished through conventional method by taking pomegranate seed oil as an oily phase and stearic acid as an emulsifying agent. The formulation was optimized by varying the concentration of aqueous and oily phase.

 Result and Discussion:
The pH of the developed cream was found to be 7.2 ± 1.2 and viscosity was found to be 5639±2.51cps. Furthermore the spreadibility of the developed cream was found to be 26.6 ±0.2 gm*cm/sec. The developed formulation showed no skin irritation or erythema and also it was easily washable from skin. The stability study of the formulation was studied for 3 month at room temperature (25oC) which suggests high stability as no indication of cracking, phase separation or any other visual change was observed. Furthermore the developed formulation was analyzed through in vivo animal model(Albino wistar rat) which suggest high biocompatibility and potential in the management of skin ageing.

 Conclusion:
In conclusion we have developed a novel pomegranate seed oil based anti-aging cream for the prevention and treatment of unnatural skin ageing caused by the vulnerable environmental conditions. The developed formulation was analyzed through extensive in vitro and in vivo characterization which proves the potential of the developed cream in the management of unnatural skin ageing.
Heart Failure Prediction using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Renugadevi R. , A Nivethitha.
Published: March 2024

This day and age individuals are increasingly giving precedence to their material needs as opposed to self-care, leading to physical and mental strain. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) present a significant menace worldwide, causing about 17.9 million deaths annually which is roughly 32% of global mortality. Heart failure, which impacts over 550,000 individuals on a yearly basis, emerges as an urgent global health concern. The formulation of effective prediction techniques for heart failure proves to be imperative in lessening its repercussions. Linear and machine learning models are put into service to forecast heart failure utilizing a myriad of inputs, comprising clinical data. With the burgeoning population, the early detection and intervention for heart disease grow more complex. Heart disease prevalence has escalated to concerning levels, culminating in untimely deaths due to arterial plaque accumulation. The premature pinpointing of heart disease holds the potential to rescue many lives by upholding arterial wellness. Our research integrates supervised machine learning algorithms to predict heart disease presence, underscoring methods to enhance classifier efficacy. Null values within the dataset are managed through mean value imputation, whereas irrelevant attributes are expunged utilizing information-gain feature selection. By wielding breakthroughs in machine learning (ML), the key aim of this study is to design prognostic models for cardiovascular disease utilizing 12 clinical attributes. By capitalizing on a dataset offered by Davide Chicco and Giuseppe Jurman, encompassing 12 clinical features and 299 data points, the efficacy of three ML algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and Logistic Regression is evaluated. Our examination discloses that Logistic Regression showcases the most outstanding accuracy and likelihood in foretelling cardio vascular disease presence. This predictive model exhibits potential in aiding healthcare experts in curtailing heart disease-linked fatalities.
R Programming Scripts
Authors: Nzimeni Sivuyile
Published: March 2024

The files herein contain R programming scripts to download State Capture hearing files from the Commission's website, read the files using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and combine the transcripts for exporting to a comma-separated file.
Importance of evaluation of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Ordekci Seyhan , Tekin Neijmann Sebnem
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Recent studies have documented the cardiovascular consequences of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), although one of the early cardiac markers that can be used for diagnosis, the heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), has not been covered. Through the evaluation of H-FABP levels, we aim to contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of cardiac problems in COVID-19 infection patients.
Methodology: Seventy-five patients who were admitted to the emergency department of Mehmet Akif Ersoy Hospital with a complaint of chest pain in the last 6 hours and whose corona PCR tests were positive, were included in our study as the case group and 60 healthy volunteers as the control group. The routine cardiac markers such as creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and H-FABP levels were analyzed by routine laboratory methods.
Results: The mean age and gender distributions of the groups did not differ statistically (p > 0.05). CK-MB, cTnT, and H-FABP measurements were statistically different between the groups (p = 0.001; p < 0.01).
Conclusions: The relationship between AMI and COVID-19 with routine cardiac markers is already supported by recent studies. We also evaluated H-FABP levels in our study, as it affects the prognosis of the disease independent of the chronic disease history. At the same time, we showed that H-FABP levels increase earlier than routine cardiac markers, so it will be useful for COVID-19 patients with cardiac complaints.
Does organophosphorus poisoning increase the risk of staphylococcal ventilator associated pneumonia? – a retrospective study
Authors: Chauhan Avijit , Pari Hariswar , Sugumaran Radha , Ramanathan Venkateswaran
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical predictors of staphylococcal ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and to compare the outcomes of staphylococcal VAP with non-staphylococcal VAP.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted among adult patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) in a tertiary care hospital in India from January 2017 to December 2019. The patients were grouped based on their diagnosis into staphylococcal and non-staphylococcal VAP, and the baseline characteristics, clinical parameters, co-morbidities, and outcome parameters were compared.
Results: Out of 2129 MICU admissions, 456 patients with microbiologically confirmed VAP were included, of which 69 (15.1%) had staphylococcal VAP, and the remaining 387 (84.9%) had non-staphylococcal VAP. Organophosphorus (OP) poisoning was identified as an independent predictor of staphylococcal VAP (odds ratio: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.4 to 4.73). The median duration of mechanical ventilation before VAP diagnosis was less in the staphylococcal VAP group (4 vs. 5 days; p = 0.004). The staphylococcal group also showed a better in-hospital outcome.
Conclusions: OP poisoning was an independent predictor of staphylococcal VAP. Staphylococcal VAP was diagnosed earlier in patients than non-staphylococcal VAP. Screening for nasal carriage for Staphylococcus, especially in patients with OP poisoning at the time of MICU admission, may help guide antibiotic therapy.
Occurrence of poliovirus and non-polio enterovirus among children with acute flaccid paralysis in Cameroon from 2015 to 2020
Authors: Njile Daniel K , Sadeuh-Mba Serge A , Tabonfack Atemkeng Michel , Ahanda Anicet , Momo Jean Blaise , Pekekue Nforifum Raissa , Etéré Ernestine , Endegue-Zanga Marie Claire , Boyomo Onana , Djoumetio Marlise D , Anfumbom Kfutwah Jude , Diop Ousmane M , Njouom Richard
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Poliovirus (PV) and non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) belong to the Picornaviridae family. They are found worldwide and are responsible for a wide range of diseases such as acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). This study aimed to evaluate the detection rate of PV and NPEV in stool samples from children under fifteen years of age presenting with AFP in Cameroon and their distribution over time.
Methodology: Stool samples were collected as part of poliovirus surveillance throughout Cameroon from 2015 to 2020. Virus isolation was performed using RD and L20B cells maintained in culture. Molecular methods such as intratypic differentiation were used to identify PVs serotypes and analysis of the VP1 genome was performed.
Results: A total of 12,354 stool samples were analyzed. The EV detection rate by virus isolation was 11.42% (1411/12354). This rate varied from year to year with a mean distribution of 11.41 with a 95% confidence interval [11.37; 11.44]. Of the viruses detected, suspected poliovirus accounted for 31.3% (442/1411) and NPEV 68.67% (969/1411). No wild poliovirus (WPV) was isolated. Sabin types 1 and 3 were continuously isolated. Surprisingly, from February 2020, vaccine-derived PV type 2 (VDPV2) was detected in 19% of cases, indicating its resurgence.
Conclusions: This study strongly supports the successful elimination of WPV in Cameroon and the resurgence of VDPV2. However, as long as VDPV outbreaks continue to be detected in Africa, it remains essential to monitor how they spread.
Molecular analysis of multidrug-resistant E. coli in pediatric UTIs: findings from a Nigerian Hospital
Authors: Wilkie Eunice Damilola , Ezeani Chidinma Vivian , Olasehinde Deborah Oluwasola , Oyedemi Omolanke Temitope , Alao Jude Oluwapelumi , Oluduro Anthonia Olufunke , Oyetunde Oluwapelumi Breakthrough
Published: March 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to isolate and characterize antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli from urine samples of children at the Mother and Child Hospital in Ondo State, Nigeria, assessing antibiogram profiling and resistance genes.
Methodology: Three hundred urine samples (158 females, 142 males), aged 3-5 years, were collected, transported on ice, and analyzed bacteriologically. E. coli and Gram-negative bacteria were isolated using Eosin Methylene Blue agar and identified through colony morphology and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined via Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion, and resistance genes were detected using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Results: Of the 300 samples, 40 (13.3%) yielded E. coli with varying antibiotic resistance profiles. The highest resistance was against Amoxicillin-clavulanate (87.5%) followed by Ceftriaxone (80%). Susceptibility was observed to Nitrofurantoin, Erythromycin, and Chloramphenicol. Multiple resistance patterns against 3-4 antibiotic classes were recorded, with 12 distinct patterns observed. Eight isolates harbored blaCTX-M gene, while five carried the aac3-IV gene.
Conclusions: The study concluded a high occurrence of E. coli infection and multiple antibiotic resistance in the region. The presence of resistance genes suggests significant economic and health implications, emphasizing prudent antibiotic use under physician guidance to mitigate multiple antibiotic resistance.
Salmonella Typhi research in lower-middle-income economy countries: a bibliometric analysis (1990-2023)
Authors: Şahinoğlu Mustafa S , Alkan Sevil
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Salmonella Typhi continues to be a significant global public health concern. The objective of this study was to evaluate the literature pertaining to S. Typhi in lower-middle-income countries from 1990 to April 31, 2023.
Methodology: The bibliographic data was collected from the Web of Science database. Various bibliometric tools were utilized to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualization. Numerous bibliometric parameters were assessed, including the top publishing organizations, countries, institutions, authors, journals with the highest publication output, citation counts, commonly used keywords, and emerging research topics.
Results: The current study included a total of 4,031 articles. These articles exhibited an annual growth rate of 8.17%. Over the past 33 years, there has been a gradual increase in the overall quantity of articles. On average, these articles received 18.82 citations. A total of 13,987 authors from 3,665 affiliations and 118 countries contributed to these publications. The majority of publications originated from India (50.31%), Pakistan (15.40%), Nigeria (6.32%), Bangladesh (5.03%), and Iran (4.89%). Among the institutions, Oxford University published the highest number of articles (302), followed by the University of Karachi (124). The frequently used keywords included “Salmonella Typhi” (frequency = 231), “antimicrobial activity” (frequency = 191), and “resistance” (frequency = 190).
Conclusions: The findings of this study can serve as a foundation for future studies, enabling researchers to identify knowledge gaps and areas for further investigation. The data can also aid in health planning, providing insights into the current research landscape and highlighting priority areas for intervention and resource allocation.
First barcode-assisted annotated checklist of owlflies (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Ascalaphidae) of Georgia with the first record of genus Deleproctophylla Lefèbvre, 1842
Authors: Japaridze Lasha-Giorgi , Makharadze Giorgi , Rostiashvili Ioane , Datunashvili Anastasia , Dobosz Roland
Published: March 2024

The present study aims to provide an updated checklist of the owlfly subfamily Ascalaphidae Lefèbvre, 1842, with the first records of the genus Deleproctophylla Lefèbvre, 1842, from the country. The new records give an improved understanding of owlfly distribution within the country. The record of the genus Deleproctophylla in Georgia is based on a single female specimen of D. australis (Fabricius, 1787).
Long-term effects of some determinants in the agricultural sector on CO2 emissions: Panel data analysis by income groups of world countries
Authors: Doğan Hasan Gökhan , Candemir Serhan , Bayramoğlu Zeki , Ağızan Kemalettin
Published: March 2024

Climate change is defined as one of the biggest problems of the third millennium. All countries in the world are striving to produce policies on this issue and achieve a common consensus. Regulations are being made in various sectors and efforts are continuing to adopt ecofriendly production techniques. Just as climate change affects all sectors, it is also affected by the production activities of the sectors. One of these sectors is the agricultural sector. Inputs and production techniques used in agriculture create direct environmental costs. The production techniques used by countries depending on their income level and development level contribute to the climate change process to a certain extent. In this research, the effects of the inputs used in agricultural production on CO2 emissions according to the income levels of the countries of the world were investigated by panel data analysis. According to the results obtained, the effect of the arable land size of low and low-middle income group countries, the pesticides they use in agriculture, the animal fertilizers they use in agricultural production, the CO2 level released from the energy they use in agriculture, and the effect of their agricultural nitrogen use on the total CO2 level is statistically significant. While the effect of pesticide uses and the amount of nitrogen used in agriculture by middle-high income countries is statistically significant, it can be said that the amounts of pesticides used by high-income countries in agriculture, animal fertilizers used in agricultural production, the level of CO2 released from the energy they use in agriculture and their use of agricultural nitrogen are statistically significant. While the results obtained reveal the relationship between the amount used and CO2 emissions, they also indicate that the inputs used can be quality and environmentally friendly inputs. In classical suggestions, suggestions are made such as controlling input levels and preventing excessive use. However, the increasing world population and the resulting increase in nutritional needs emphasize the importance of optimal input use in agricultural production. It makes it important that qualitative, ecofriendly and effective inputs should be used rather than input usage possibilities and quantity-dimensional control.
A new species of the genus Soriculus (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) from Medog in the eastern Himalaya
Authors: Pei Xiaoxin , Chen Zhongzheng , Li Quan , Li Xueyou , Pu Changzhe , Luo Kang , Luo Jing , Pu Mingjin , Wang Hongjiao , Khanal Laxman , Jiang Xuelong
Published: March 2024

Himalayan shrews of the genus Soriculus (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla), currently represented by four nominal species, are endemic to the Himalayas and the Gaoligong Mountains. In April 2022 and April 2023, a total of 10 specimens of Soriculus were collected from Beibeng and Damu, Medog County, Tibet, China. The morphology of the specimens was compared with the four recognised species of the genus Soriculus. Additionally, two mitochondrial (Cyt b and 12S) and three nuclear (APOB, BRCAI and RAG2) genes were sequenced to test the phylogenetic relationships of these specimens with the other species. Our results indicate that these specimens represent a distinct species, Soriculus beibengensissp. nov., which is formally described here. The new species is distinguished from the other Soriculus species by the combination of darker pelages, smaller size, the relatively stubby nasal and the widened posterior processes of incisors. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the new species is sister to S. minor. The p–distance of Cyt b gene between S. beibengensis sp. nov. and other nominal Soriculus species ranges from 9.1–16.3%. This new species has a known distribution at an elevation of 1,500–2,125 m in Medog County, Tibet, China. The discovery of this new species from Medog County has important implications for interpreting small mammal biogeographic patterns in the eastern Himalaya and the mountain chains of south-west China.
Recognizing and Responding to Poverty in College Students: What Can Nurses Do?
Authors: Kolesar Amber , Karakachian Angela , Devido Jessica , Lucas Denise , DeLuca Kate
Published: March 2024

People may not consider college students when they think about populations who experience poverty. However, rising costs of college and changes in student demographics have contributed to poverty within this group. Many students experience poverty and subsequent basic needs insecurity; they may lack safe housing and the ability to access adequate amounts of nutritious food. Poverty has significant mental, physical, and academic implications for these college students. Recognizing that education is a social determinant of health, it is clear that nurses can address this issue. This article provides an overview of poverty in the context of college student concerns, including actions to promote students’ well-being and academic success. We describe current interventions to support students as well as the stigma that often accompanies poverty and may prohibit a student from asking for help. The authors present information for nurses in various roles on college campuses, such as educator and advocate; advanced practice program faculty; and student healthcare provider. An exemplar describes how faculty at one school of nursing have responded to student poverty concerns. Finally, we suggest recommendations to begin or enhance current efforts to address poverty in college students.
The Poverty Simulation: A Tool to Experience the Social Determinants of HealthThe Poverty Simulation: A Tool to Experience the Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Motter Tracey , Burhanna Taryn , Metheney Jennifer
Published: March 2024

To provide holistic care that addresses all aspects of patient needs, nurses must understand the complexities of healthcare for the large population of people who live in poverty. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) as individual income, living conditions, social supports, and access to adequate food sources, education, and healthcare. Eighty percent of a person’s ability to attain health and well-being is related to the SDOH. In the United States, Healthy People 2030 and accrediting bodies for professional nursing programs focus on the SDOH and the impact of these determinants on health equity and access to care. Thus, as nursing students learn about challenges faced by persons who live in poverty conditions, it can be beneficial to also experience what their everyday life entails. One option available is the use of poverty simulation tools. This article provides an overview of the Missouri Community Action Network Community Action Poverty Simulation (CAPS) used in a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) curriculum to enhance student understanding about the experiences of living in poverty, to increase their ability to analyze the relationship between the SDOH and poor health outcomes, and to identify potential personal attitudes and biases. We offer information about our experiences with poverty simulation planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Nurses’ Implicit Attitudes Regarding Sexual and Gender Minorities
Authors: Howard Carolyn , Wofford Linda , Phillippi David
Published: March 2024

Negative health impacts exist for individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or something other than heterosexual are critical. Nurses are on the front lines of delivering holistic patient care to everyone, and their potential biases regarding this vulnerable population may negatively affect care. The study used scores from two tests designed to measure implicit bias in individuals towards sexual and gender minorities (SGM). A retrospective design with secondary data from Project Implicit was conducted using the Transgender (2020) and Sexuality (2006 to 2020) Implicit Association Tests (IATs). We compared mean Transgender IAT scores of nurses to other health-related professions (n = 53,586) and investigated differences between nurses’ Transgender IAT scores and self-identified explicit attitudes (n = 1558). A time-series of nurses’ Sexuality IAT scores was also explored (N = 25,791). Our study findings demonstrated that nurses held the strongest implicit preference for cisgender people compared to other occupational groups. No significant difference was found between nurses’ implicit and explicit preferences. Nurses’ implicit attitudes about sexual orientation have trended toward less biased scores. Comprehensive nursing education and implementation of nursing practices that promote health and well-being for sexual and gender minority patients are needed to reduce biases and continue this trend.
Pistes actuelles d’expérimentations pharmacologiques dans le traitement de la dépendance à la cocaïne
Authors: Marie Nicolas , Noble Florence
Published: March 2024

La consommation de cocaïne est en constante progression depuis les années 1990 avec depuis quelques années une augmentation importante de la consommation d’une forme fumable de ce psychostimulant, le crack, qui s’avère posséder un pouvoir addictif plus important. Il n’existe actuellement aucun traitement pharmacologique spécifique approuvé pour traiter l’addiction à la cocaïne. Nous verrons cependant que des données issues de la recherche clinique et préclinique nous laissent entrevoir des pistes pharmacothérapeutiques basées sur deux grands types d’approche. Le premier type regroupe les molécules agissant comme des activateurs du système dopaminergique et pourrait ouvrir la voie à des stratégies substitutives à la cocaïne. Le deuxième regroupe les molécules n’ayant pas d’action directe sur le système dopaminergique .
Trump, les médias et l’opinion publique
Authors: Nardon Laurence
Published: March 2024

L’agressivité du président Trump envers les médias progressistes accompagne un mouvement plus ancien de polarisation des médias et de montée en puissance des fausses informations (infox) aux États-Unis. Alors que des groupes d’intérêts portent atteinte à la vie démocratique en disséminant des rumeurs sur les réseaux sociaux, les grands médias progressistes, aujourd’hui très hostiles au Président, luttent sans grande efficacité contre ce phénomène. L’opinion publique, notamment conservatrice, se méfie quant à elle de plus en plus de l’ensemble des médias. Quant aux responsables des réseaux sociaux, ils commencent à devoir rendre des comptes .
Le film noir et les valeurs américaines
Authors: Leblanc André
Published: March 2024

À l’heure où la présidence de Donald Trump conduit les commentateurs à s’interroger sur une éventuelle mutation de l’Amérique, comme si la victoire de ce Président était le symptôme d’une dégradation des valeurs américaines, il peut être intéressant de se pencher sur le film noir, genre cinématographique proprement américain, et de chercher à en fixer quelques éléments de typologie .
Quel avenir pour la politique sociale de l’Union européenne ?
Authors: Crespy Amandine
Published: March 2024

L’Europe sociale recouvre les politiques publiques européennes liées à l’emploi et au chômage, aux conditions de travail, à l’égalité hommes-femmes, à la protection sociale… Si ces domaines d’action relèvent avant tout de la compétence des États membres, ceux-ci cherchent toutefois à harmoniser certains aspects de leurs législations sociales. L’Union européenne intervient donc de manière indirecte, parcellaire et parfois contradictoire dans le champ de la politique sociale. Elle a néanmoins récemment relancé son agenda social pour faire face aux conséquences de la pandémie de Covid-19 et tenter d’opérer une transition écologique socialement juste .
Paris, ville mondiale
Authors: Pawlotsky Vladimir
Published: March 2024

Fruit de plusieurs siècles de centralisation politique et de concentration des activités, Paris est devenue une carte maîtresse pour la France et constitue l’une des plateformes privilégiées des échanges internationaux. Véritable socle de la mondialisation, elle contribue avec sa région (l’Île-de-France) pour plus de 30 % du PIB de la France, alors qu’elle abrite seulement 19 % de sa population. Pourtant, la matérialisation de cette puissance traduit une réalité bien plus complexe : celle d’une France déséquilibrée et d’une Île-de-France morcelée qui font face à d’importants défis en matière de gouvernance territoriale .
Electroretinogram as a Screening Tool to Assess Vigabatrin-Induced Retinal Toxicity in Children With Infantile Spasms
Authors: Nagarajan Suruthi , Prabu Rajesh , Parachuri Nikulaa , Thulasidas Mithun
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

To assess the utility of electroretinogram (ERG) as a screening tool for vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity in children with infantile spasms.

Methods:

This was an observational cohort study including children with infantile spasms receiving treatment with vigabatrin. A 30-Hz flicker potential ERG, using the RETeval system (LKC Technologies), was done at baseline before starting vigabatrin at 6 months and 1 year. The amplitudes were recorded.

Results:

Eleven children were included in the study. The most common etiologic factor for infantile spasms was tuberous sclerosis (36.4%) followed by West syndrome (27.3%). The mean age of the children was 7.14 ± 2.9 months, with a range of 3 to 16 months. The mean difference in amplitude was 3.21 ± 2.45 and 5.72 ± 4.18 µV at 6 and 12 months follow-up, respectively (
P
< .001). Eight of the 11 children (72.7%) showed vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity, and all 8 children were receiving vigabatrin for more than 6 months.

Conclusions:

ERG can be used for vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity monitoring in children with infantile spasms. Vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity is related to the duration of treatment rather than cumulative dosage.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(4):273–278.]