bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-shot 3D imaging with point cloud projection based on metadevice
Authors: Jing Xiaoli , Zhao Ruizhe , Li Xin , Jiang Qiang , Li Chengzhi , Geng Guangzhou , Li Junjie , Wang Yongtian , Huang Lingling
Published: December 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging is a crucial information acquisition technology for light detection, autonomous vehicles, gesture recognition, machine vision, and other applications. Metasurface, as a subwavelength scale two-dimensional array, offers flexible control of optical wavefront owing to abundant design freedom. Metasurfaces are promising for use as optical devices because they have large field of view and powerful functionality. In this study, we propose a flat optical device based on a single-layer metasurface to project a coded point cloud in the Fourier space and explore a sophisticated matching algorithm to achieve 3D reconstruction, offering a complete technical roadmap for single-shot detection. We experimentally demonstrate that the depth accuracy of our system is smaller than 0.24 mm at a measurement distance of 300 mm, indicating the feasibility of the submillimetre measurement platform. Our method can pave the way for practical applications such as surface shape detection, gesture recognition, and personal authentication.
The UFM1 system regulates ER-phagy through the ufmylation of CYB5R3
Authors: Ishimura Ryosuke , El-Gowily Afnan H. , Noshiro Daisuke , Komatsu-Hirota Satoko , Ono Yasuko , Shindo Mayumi , Hatta Tomohisa , Abe Manabu , Uemura Takefumi , Lee-Okada Hyeon-Cheol , Mohamed Tarek M. , Yokomizo Takehiko , Ueno Takashi , Sakimura Kenji , Natsume Tohru , Sorimachi Hiroyuki , Inada Toshifumi , Waguri Satoshi , Noda Nobuo N. , Komatsu Masaaki
Published: December 2022

Protein modification by ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) amplifies limited genome information and regulates diverse cellular processes, including translation, autophagy and antiviral pathways. Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1) is a UBL covalently conjugated with intracellular proteins through ufmylation, a reaction analogous to ubiquitylation. Ufmylation is involved in processes such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation, ribosome-associated protein quality control at the ER and ER-phagy. However, it remains unclear how ufmylation regulates such distinct ER-related functions. Here we identify a UFM1 substrate, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3), that localizes on the ER membrane. Ufmylation of CYB5R3 depends on the E3 components UFL1 and UFBP1 on the ER, and converts CYB5R3 into its inactive form. Ufmylated CYB5R3 is recognized by UFBP1 through the UFM1-interacting motif, which plays an important role in the further uyfmylation of CYB5R3. Ufmylated CYB5R3 is degraded in lysosomes, which depends on the autophagy-related protein Atg7- and the autophagy-adaptor protein CDK5RAP3. Mutations ofCYB5R3and genes involved in the UFM1 system cause hereditary developmental disorders, and ufmylation-defectiveCyb5r3knock-in mice exhibit microcephaly. Our results indicate that CYB5R3 ufmylation induces ER-phagy, which is indispensable for brain development.
Molecular mechanism of antibody neutralization of coxsackievirus A16
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Caixuan , Shi Jinping , Wang Yalei , Xu Cong , Ye Xiaohua , Liu Qingwei , Li Xue , Qiao Weihua , Yin Yannan , Cong Yao , Huang Zhong
Published: December 2022

Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) causes hand, foot and mouth disease in infants and young children. However, no vaccine or anti-viral agent is currently available for CVA16. Here, the functions and working mechanisms of two CVA16-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), 9B5 and 8C4, are comprehensively investigated. Both 9B5 and 8C4 display potent neutralization in vitro and prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of CVA16 infection. Mechanistically, 9B5 exerts neutralization primarily through inhibiting CVA16 attachment to cell surface via blockade of CVA16 binding to its attachment receptor, heparan sulfate, whereas 8C4 functions mainly at the post-attachment stage of CVA16 entry by interfering with the interaction between CVA16 and its uncoating receptor SCARB2. Cryo-EM studies show that 9B5 and 8C4 target distinct epitopes located at the 5-fold and 3-fold protrusions of CVA16 capsids, respectively, and exhibit differential binding preference to three forms of naturally occurring CVA16 particles. Moreover, 9B5 and 8C4 are compatible in formulating an antibody cocktail which displays the ability to prevent virus escape seen with individual MAbs. Together, our work elucidates the functional and structural basis of CVA16 antibody-mediated neutralization and protection, providing important information for design and development of effective CVA16 vaccines and antibody therapies.
Inheritance of paternal DNA damage by histone-mediated repair restriction
Authors: Wang Siyao , Meyer David H. , Schumacher Björn
Published: December 2022

How paternal exposure to ionizing radiation affects genetic inheritance and disease risk in the offspring has been a long-standing question in radiation biology. In humans, nearly 80% of transmitted mutations arise in the paternal germline1, but the transgenerational effects of ionizing radiation exposure has remained controversial and the mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that in sex-separated Caenorhabditis elegans strains, paternal, but not maternal, exposure to ionizing radiation leads to transgenerational embryonic lethality. The offspring of irradiated males displayed various genome instability phenotypes, including DNA fragmentation, chromosomal rearrangement and aneuploidy. Paternal DNA double strand breaks were repaired by maternally provided error-prone polymerase theta-mediated end joining. Mechanistically, we show that depletion of an orthologue of human histone H1.0, HIS-24, or the heterochromatin protein HPL-1, could significantly reverse the transgenerational embryonic lethality. Removal of HIS-24 or HPL-1 reduced histone 3 lysine 9 dimethylation and enabled error-free homologous recombination repair in the germline of the F1 generation from ionizing radiation-treated P0 males, consequently improving the viability of the F2 generation. This work establishes the mechanistic underpinnings of the heritable consequences of paternal radiation exposure on the health of offspring, which may lead to congenital disorders and cancer in humans.
A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies CALCOCO2 as a regulator of beta cell function influencing type 2 diabetes risk
Authors: Rottner Antje K. , Ye Yingying , Navarro-Guerrero Elena , Rajesh Varsha , Pollner Alina , Bevacqua Romina J. , Yang Jing , Spigelman Aliya F. , Baronio Roberta , Bautista Austin , Thomsen Soren K. , Lyon James , Nawaz Sameena , Smith Nancy , Wesolowska-Andersen Agata , Fox Jocelyn E. Manning , Sun Han , Kim Seung K. , Ebner Daniel , MacDonald Patrick E. , Gloyn Anna L.
Published: December 2022

Identification of the genes and processes mediating genetic association signals for complex diseases represents a major challenge. As many of the genetic signals for type 2 diabetes (T2D) exert their effects through pancreatic islet-cell dysfunction, we performed a genome-wide pooled CRISPR loss-of-function screen in a human pancreatic beta cell line. We assessed the regulation of insulin content as a disease-relevant readout of beta cell function and identified 580 genes influencing this phenotype. Integration with genetic and genomic data provided experimental support for 20 candidate T2D effector transcripts including the autophagy receptorCALCOCO2. Loss ofCALCOCO2was associated with distorted mitochondria, less proinsulin-containing immature granules and accumulation of autophagosomes upon inhibition of late-stage autophagy. Carriers of T2D-associated variants at theCALCOCO2locus further displayed altered insulin secretion. Our study highlights how cellular screens can augment existing multi-omic efforts to support mechanistic understanding and provide evidence for causal effects at genome-wide association studies loci.
Empirical evaluation of computational models of lightness perception
Authors: Nedimović Predrag , Zdravković Sunčica , Domijan Dražen
Published: December 2022

Lightness of a surface depends not only on its physical characteristics, but also on the properties of the surrounding context. As a result, varying the context can significantly alter surface lightness, an effect exploited in many lightness illusions. Computational models can produce outcomes similar to human illusory percepts, allowing for demonstrable assessment of the applied mechanisms and principles. We tested 8 computational models on 13 typical displays used in lightness research (11 Illusions and 2 Mondrians), and compared them with results from human participants (N = 85). Results show that HighPass and MIR models predict empirical results for simultaneous lightness contrast (SLC) and its close variations. ODOG and its newer variants (ODOG-2 and L-ODOG) in addition to SLC displays were able to predict effect of White’s illusion. RETINEX was able to predict effects of both SLC displays and Dungeon illusion. Dynamic decorrelation model was able to predict obtained effects for all tested stimuli except two SLC variations. Finally, FL-ODOG model was best at simulating human data, as it was able to predict empirical results for all displays, bar the Reversed contrast illusion. Finally, most models underperform on the Mondrian displays that represent most natural stimuli for the human visual system.
Ketamine induces apical extracellular matrix modifications in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Yücel Duygu
Published: December 2022

Ketamine is a widely used anesthetic agent since 1960s and has recently been exploited for its rapid antidepressant action at subanesthetic doses. It has been demonstrated that ketamine induces alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) in rodent models which in part plays a role in its anti-depressant action. The nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansserves as a powerful tool for understanding mechanisms of drug action with its short life cycle, genetic amenability and conserved cellular processes. Further investigation is required particularly in in vivo systems to gain broader understanding of ketamine’s actions. In this study, we aimed to decipher ketamine-mediated alterations usingC. elegansas a model. We show that ketamine specifically induces apical extracellular matrix modifications (aECM) in the vulva and the cuticle. Ketamine treatment phenocopies neuronal migration and vulval invagination defects of chondroitin mutants despite wild-type like chondroitin staining pattern. Normal vulval expansion and defective vulval eversion phenotypes of ketamine-treated animals are suggestive of alterations in the network of aECM factors which do not impinge on chondroitin. Ketamine ameliorates impaired movement of a group ofrollermutants characterised with collagen defects in the cuticle and RNA-seq identifies that 30% of the cuticular collagens are upregulated in response to ketamine. Ketamine alters aECM, neuronal migration and collagen expression inC. elegans. We proposeC. elegansas a putative animal model to investigate ketamine-mediated ECM modifications.
Production enhancement of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by low-intensity ultrasound stimulation
Authors: Min Soohong , Byeon Yungsun , Kim Min , Lee Youngjun , Lee Sung-Hoon , Lee Youngjun , Farooqi Hafiz Muhammad Umer , Lee Hong-Ki , Paeng Dong-Guk
Published: December 2022

Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) enhances the proliferation rate of various mammalian stem cells through mechanical stimulation. This study quantitively finds suitable LIUS stimulation parameters for increasing the proliferation rate of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) for mass production. Various stimulation conditions of LIUS were assessed based on the beam pattern of the ultrasonic transducer and the attenuation of the sound waves. Using optimal LIUS stimulation parameters for enhancing proliferation of hAdMSCs taken from bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, long-term culture of hAdMSCs was performed for 16 days. The resultant hAdMSCs were characterized for various biomarkers such as CD34−, CD45−, CD73+, CD95+, CD105+ and cytological staining and a cytokine array assay. LIUS stimulation parameters found for enhancing the hAdMSCs proliferation were the frequency of 5 MHz, an intensity of 300 mWcm−2, a duration of 10 min per day, and continuous waves with a 100% duty cycle. The LIUS stimulated hAdMSCs group showed a 3.25-fold increase in the cell number compared to the control group after 16 days of culture. By confirming the effects of quantitatively measured LIUS stimulation on the enhancement of hAdMSCs proliferation, this study may be a foundation for the applications of LIUS stimulation in the industrial-scale production of hAdMSCs.
The field of human building interaction for convergent research and innovation for intelligent built environments
Authors: Becerik-Gerber Burcin , Lucas Gale , Aryal Ashrant , Awada Mohamad , Bergés Mario , Billington Sarah , Boric-Lubecke Olga , Ghahramani Ali , Heydarian Arsalan , Höelscher Christoph , Jazizadeh Farrokh , Khan Azam , Langevin Jared , Liu Ruying , Marks Frederick , Mauriello Matthew Louis , Murnane Elizabeth , Noh Haeyoung , Pritoni Marco , Roll Shawn , Schaumann Davide , Seyedrezaei Mirmahdi , Taylor John E. , Zhao Jie , Zhu Runhe
Published: December 2022

Human-Building Interaction (HBI) is a convergent field that represents the growing complexities of the dynamic interplay between human experience and intelligence within built environments. This paper provides core definitions, research dimensions, and an overall vision for the future of HBI as developed through consensus among 25 interdisciplinary experts in a series of facilitated workshops. Three primary areas contribute to and require attention in HBI research: humans (human experiences, performance, and well-being), buildings (building design and operations), and technologies (sensing, inference, and awareness). Three critical interdisciplinary research domains intersect these areas: control systems and decision making, trust and collaboration, and modeling and simulation. Finally, at the core, it is vital for HBI research to center on and support equity, privacy, and sustainability. Compelling research questions are posed for each primary area, research domain, and core principle. State-of-the-art methods used in HBI studies are discussed, and examples of original research are offered to illustrate opportunities for the advancement of HBI research.
Tai chi-muscle power training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fong Shirley S. M. , Chung Louisa M. Y. , Schooling Catherine Mary , Lau Eric H. Y. , Wong Janet Y. H. , Bae Young-Hyeon , Chung Joanne W. Y.
Published: December 2022

This study compared the effectiveness of tai chi (TC) muscle power training (MPT), TC alone, MPT alone, and no training for improving the limits of stability (LOS) and motor and leg muscular performance and decreasing falls in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). One hundred and twenty-one children with DCD were randomly assigned to the TC-MPT, TC, MPT, or control group. The three intervention groups received TC-MPT, TC, or MPT three times per week for 3 months. Measurements were taken before and after the intervention period. The primary outcomes were the LOS completion time and dynamic LOS scores. The secondary outcomes included the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition total test score and percentile rank, knee muscle peak force and time to peak force, and the number of falls. None of the interventions affected the LOS test scores. Improvements in the peak forces of the knee extensors and flexors were demonstrated in the TC (p = 0.006) and MPT groups (p = 0.032), respectively. The number of falls also decreased in these two groups (p < 0.001). Thus, clinicians may prescribe TC or MPT for children with DCD to increase their knee muscle strength and reduce their risk of falls.
A matched-filter technique with an objective threshold
Authors: Hirano Shiro , Kawakata Hironori , Doi Issei
Published: December 2022

We propose an objective threshold determination method for detecting outliers from the empirical distribution of cross-correlation coefficients among seismic waveforms. This method is aimed at detecting seismic signals from continuous waveform records. In our framework, detectability is automatically determined from Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC). We applied the method of seismic signal detection to continuous records collected over two years. The results show that the maximum value of network cross-correlation coefficients sampled from each constant interval can be approximated by the theory of extreme value statistics, which provides a parametric probability density function of maxima. By using the function, outliers can be considered with a reasonable criterion.
Multidimensional tie strength and economic development
Authors: Aiello Luca Maria , Joglekar Sagar , Quercia Daniele
Published: December 2022

The strength of social relations has been shown to affect an individual’s access to opportunities. To date, however, the correspondence between tie strength and population’s economic prospects has not been quantified, largely because of the inability to operationalise strength based on Granovetter’s classic theory. Our work departed from the premise that tie strength is a unidimensional construct (typically operationalized with frequency or volume of contact), and used instead a validated model of ten fundamental dimensions of social relationships grounded in the literature of social psychology. We built state-of-the-art NLP tools to infer the presence of these dimensions from textual communication, and analyzed a large conversation network of 630K geo-referenced Reddit users across the entire US connected by 12.8M social ties created over the span of 7 years. We found that unidimensional tie strength is only weakly correlated with economic opportunities ($$R^2=0.30$$

R
2

=
0.30

), while multidimensional constructs are highly correlated ($$R^2=0.62$$

R
2

=
0.62

). In particular, economic opportunities are associated to the combination of: (i) knowledge ties, which bridge geographically distant groups, facilitating the knowledge dissemination across communities; and (ii) social support ties, which knit geographically close communities together, and represent dependable sources of social and emotional support. These results point to the importance of developing high-quality measures of tie strength in network theory.
Activation of basal forebrain-to-lateral habenula circuitry drives reflexive aversion and suppresses feeding behavior
Authors: Swanson Jessica L. , Ortiz-Guzman Joshua , Srivastava Snigdha , Chin Pey-Shyuan , Dooling Sean W. , Hanson Moss Elizabeth , Kochukov Mikhail Y. , Hunt Patrick J. , Patel Jay M. , Pekarek Brandon T. , Tong Qingchun , Arenkiel Benjamin R.
Published: December 2022

Environmental cues and internal states such as mood, reward, or aversion directly influence feeding behaviors beyond homeostatic necessity. The hypothalamus has been extensively investigated for its role in homeostatic feeding. However, many of the neural circuits that drive more complex, non-homeostatic feeding that integrate valence and sensory cues (such as taste and smell) remain unknown. Here, we describe a basal forebrain (BF)-to-lateral habenula (LHb) circuit that directly modulates non-homeostatic feeding behavior. Using viral-mediated circuit mapping, we identified a population of glutamatergic neurons within the BF that project to the LHb, which responds to diverse sensory cues, including aversive and food-related odors. Optogenetic activation of BF-to-LHb circuitry drives robust, reflexive-like aversion. Furthermore, activation of this circuitry suppresses the drive to eat in a fasted state. Together, these data reveal a role of basal forebrain glutamatergic neurons in modulating LHb-associated aversion and feeding behaviors by sensing environmental cues.
Validation of the brief instrument “Health Literacy for School-Aged Children” (HLSAC) among Norwegian adolescents
Authors: Bjørnsen Hanne Nissen , Moksnes Unni Karin , Eilertsen Mary-Elizabeth B. , Espnes Geir Arild , Haugan Gørill
Published: December 2022

Health literacy (HL) has been identified as an important and modifiable determinant of health. To succeed in promoting HL, it is crucial to evaluate interventions addressing HL using validated instruments. However, HL measurement is an under-researched area among adolescents. The Health Literacy for School-Aged Children (HLSAC) scale is developed in Finland to measure the subjective HL levels of school-aged children. The HLSAC has been used and validated across Europe. No validated instrument for measuring HL among Norwegian adolescents has been identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the HLSAC among Norwegian adolescents in upper secondary schools. Cross-sectional data were collected in 2017 from 1 054 adolescents with a response rate of 93.5%. The participants were students aged 16–21 (mean = 17.3) years from four upper secondary schools in an urban area in Mid-Norway. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was utilized to investigate the underlying dimensionality of the data together with composite reliability based on Raykov’s reliability coefficient and certain aspects of construct validity. The original ten-item one-dimensional version of the HLSAC revealed a poor fit. A one-dimensional version including six of the original ten items presented the best fit to our data, demonstrating good reliability and construct validity. This validation study suggests a one-dimensional solution of the HLSAC scale including six of the original ten items, i.e., the HLSAC-6 as a statistical valid and reliable measure for HL among adolescents in upper secondary schools. However, the modifications of the instrument indicate the need for further investigation of the HLSAC in this age group, i.e. by conducting cognitive interviews and focus-group discussions on the concept of HL among adolescents. Testing the wording of the HLSAC prior to additional psychometric evaluations of both the original HLSAC and the suggested HLSAC-6 is recommended. Finally, developing more age-appropriate items for the measurement of HL in this age-group is suggested.
Preparation, characterization and properties of three different nanomaterials either alone or loaded with nystatin or fluconazole antifungals
Authors: Helal Sara H. , Abdel-Aziz Heba M. M. , El-Zayat Mustafa M. , Hasaneen Mohammed N. A.
Published: December 2022

Engineered nanoparticles have enabled the development of novel uses, particularly in disease management. In this investigation, we synthesized and studied three distinct nanomaterials: solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs), chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), either alone or loaded with two antifungals, nystatin, and fluconazole. The purpose of this study is to investigate the different properties of the produced nanomaterials, either alone or in combination with antifungals. Drug release studies revealed that about 55% from SLNPs, 43% from CSNPs and 97% from CNTs of nystatin drug were released at the longest time point assessed (12 h). In addition, about 89% from SLNPs, 84% from CSNPs and 81% from CNTs of fluconazole drug were released at the longest time point assessed (12 h). This research will expand the understanding of nanomaterials as a viable technique for the management of different fungal diseases that harm several agricultural crops.
Efficient modification and preparation of circular DNA for expression in cell culture
Authors: Oliynyk Roman Teo , Church George M.
Published: December 2022

DNA plasmids are an essential tool for delivery and expression of RNAs and proteins in cell culture experiments. The preparation of plasmids typically involves a laborious process of bacterial cloning, validation, and purification. While the expression plasmids can be designed and ordered from the contract manufacturers, the cost may be prohibitive when a large number of plasmids is required. We have developed an efficient fully synthetic method and protocol that enables the production of circularized DNA containing expression elements ready for transfection in as little as 3 hours, thereby eliminating the bacterial cloning steps. The protocol describes how to take a linear double-stranded DNA fragment and efficiently circularize and purify this DNA fragment with minimal hands-on time. As proof of the principle, we applied Circular Vector expressing engineered prime editing guide RNA (epegRNA) in cell culture, and demonstrated matching and even exceeding performance of this method as compared to guides expressed by plasmids. The method’s speed of preparation, low cost, and ease of use will make it a useful tool in applications requiring the expression of short RNAs and proteins.
Investigation of Students’ Conceptual Understanding in Organic Chemistry Through Systemic Synthesis Questions
Authors: Rončević Tamara , Rodić Dušica D. , Horvat Saša A.
Published: December 2022

Investigating students' reasoning while solving organic chemistry problems often includes the way in which students' prior knowledge affects their conceptual understanding of core organic chemistry concepts. Therefore, constructing rich and complex mental models (i.e., conceptual structures) and organized knowledge is an important goal for organic chemistry teaching and learning. The lack of understanding that results in misconceptions the students have integrated into existing mental models. This can guide and/or limit the students' mechanistic reasoning as they provide answers and explanations that differ from accepted theories in the domain. Evidence shows that traditional paper-and-pencil tests might not provide proper information about students' reasoning, conceptual understanding and/or lack of understanding in organic chemistry. Therefore, this chapter looks at a relatively new diagrammatic assessment approach: student-generated systemic synthesis questions. These questions could not be solved mechanically by applying previously learned algorithms. Therefore, they could help students to develop conceptual understanding. This assessment technique presents modified cyclic concept maps as students are required to draw the closed framework of noted concepts and to provide proper relationships among them by drawing marked arrows with the correct orientation. Examples of the student-generated systemic synthesis questions (in the form of drawings) will be offered in this chapter, showing guidelines for their interpretation and evaluation.
A concentration-descending washing strategy with methanol for the enhancement of protein imaging in biological tissues by MALDI-MS
Authors: Xu Hualei , Hao Qichen , Liu Haiqiang , Chen Lulu , Wu Ran , Qin Liang , Guo Hua , Li Jinrong , Yang Chenyu , Hu Hao , Xue Kun , Feng Jinchao , Zhou Yijun , Liu Biao , Li Gaopeng , Wang Xiaodong
Published: December 2022

A concentration-descending washing strategy with methanol improves the performance of MALDI-MSI for in situ protein detection.
An effective pre-treatment method for eliminating interference by serum albumin for analysis of anti-rHSA antibodies
Authors: Sun Yunjuan , Xu Jingzhi , Xie Xinyao , Song Haifeng
Published: December 2022

Analysis of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is important for risk assessment in clinical trials.
Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy investigation into the electron transfer mechanism in photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Zhu Bicheng , Zhang Liuyang , Yu Jiaguo
Published: December 2022

This feature article introduces the basic principles of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS) and recent advances in the application of fs-TAS to heterojunction photocatalysts.
A graphene-like semiconducting BC2P monolayer as a promising material for a Li-ion battery and CO2 adsorbent
Authors: Fu Xi , Cheng Xiaoli , He Chaozheng , Lin Jian , Liao Wenhu , Li Liming , Guo Jiyuan
Published: December 2022

Herein, we reported a novel 2D BC2P monolayer with great potential as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries which has the diffusion energies of 0.26 and 0.87 eV and high theoretical capacity of 1018.8 mA g h−1, and as the material for CO2 adsorption, respectively.
Realizing pure spin current by the photogalvanic effect in armchair graphene nanoribbons with nano-constriction engineering
Authors: Li Yuejun , Shang Xiaofei , Zhou Yan-Hong , Zheng Xiaohong
Published: December 2022

Pure spin current for a structure with Cs symmetry (D1) can be obtained only at certain angles, while for a structure with spatial inverse symmetry (D2), it is robustly independent of the polarization angle.
Ordering of monomers, dimers and polymers of deposited Br2I2Py molecules: a modeling study
Authors: Ibenskas Andrius , Šimėnas Mantas , Tornau Evaldas E.
Published: December 2022

We propose a lattice model describing the ordering of 1,6-dibromo-3,8-diiodopyrene (Br2I2Py) molecules on the Au(111) surface into two-dimensional structures and correlated one dimensional rows.
Iridium complexes of an ortho-trifluoromethylphenyl substituted PONOP pincer ligand
Authors: Poole Ethan W. , Bustos Itxaso , Hood Thomas M. , Smart Jennifer E. , Chaplin Adrian B.
Published: December 2022

Novel coordination chemistry of iridium(i) and iridium(iii) using a trifluoromethyl-functionalised PONOP pincer ligand.
Iron complexes of bridging azo ligands in aqueous solution: changes in the thermal switching mechanism on coordination and oxidation state of metal centres
Authors: Bardají Manuel , Font-Bardia Mercè , Gallen Albert , Garcia-Cirera Beltzane , Ferrer Montserrat , Martínez Manuel
Published: December 2022

Isocyanide-appended azo derivatives have been designed as photoactive building blocks in assembly reactions; the rotation/inversion mechanistic tuning of the thermalcis-to-transisomerisation has been analysed.
In search of the bottlenecks of ammonia synthesis over Ru/Vulcan under ambient conditions
Authors: Aslan Mustafa Y. , Mete Ersen , Uner Deniz
Published: December 2022

Interactions between atomic hydrogen and dinitrogen are facile under ambient conditions. N–NH3 is the best candidate estimated by DFT corroborating the experimental IR shift. Desorption of NH3 limits the rates under subcritical conditions.
Glycyrrhizic acid alters the hyperoxidative stress-induced differentiation commitment of MSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to prevent SONFH
Authors: Xu Huihui , Fang Liang , Zeng Qinghe , Chen Jiali , Ling Houfu , Xia Hanting , Ge Qinwen , Wu Congzi , Zou Kaiao , Wang Xu , Wang Pinger , Yuan Wenhua , Dong Rui , Hu Songfeng , Xiao Luwei , He Bangjian , Tong Peijian , Jin Hongting
Published: December 2022

GA can reduce the level of OS induced by excessive GCs through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby maintaining the osteolipogenic homeostasis of MSCs.
Correction: Expanding plastics recycling technologies: chemical aspects, technology status and challenges
Authors: Li Houqian , Aguirre-Villegas Horacio A. , Allen Robert D. , Bai Xianglan , Benson Craig H. , Beckham Gregg T. , Bradshaw Sabrina L. , Brown Jessica L. , Brown Robert C. , Cecon Victor S. , Curley Julia B. , Curtzwiler Greg W. , Dong Son , Gaddameedi Soumika , Estela-García John E. , Hermans Ive , Kim Min Soo , Ma Jiaze , Mark Lesli O. , Mavrikakis Manos , Olafasakin Olumide O. , Osswald Tim A. , Papanikolaou Konstantinos G. , Radhakrishnan Harish , Sanchez Castillo Marco Antonio , Sánchez-Rivera Kevin L. , Tumu Khairun N. , Van Lehn Reid C. , Vorst Keith L. , Wright Mark M. , Wu Jiayang , Zavala Victor M. , Zhou Panzheng , Huber George W.
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘Expanding plastics recycling technologies: chemical aspects, technology status and challenges’ by Houqian Li et al., Green Chem., 2022, 24, 8899–9002, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2GC02588D.
The electronic structures of non-metal (N, S) doped cobalt phosphide catalysts and the catalytic mechanism for the hydrogen evolution reaction of ammonia borane: a theoretical study
Authors: Mao Dan , Zhang Jingbin , Wu Yang , Qin Haichuan , Zheng Yan , Li Lai-Cai
Published: December 2022

The electronic structures of non-metal (N, S) doped CoP catalysts and the mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction of ammonia borane catalyzed by three catalysts were studied using density functional theory.
Ag NP-filter paper based SERS sensor coupled with multivariate analysis for rapid identification of bacteria
Authors: Wang Rong , Luo Jiamin
Published: December 2022

Rapid and accurate identification of bacteria is essential to ensure food safety and prevent pathogenic bacterial infection.
Targeting biomarkers in the gas phase through a chemoresistive electronic nose based on graphene functionalized with metal phthalocyanines
Authors: Freddi Sonia , Marzuoli Camilla , Pagliara Stefania , Drera Giovanni , Sangaletti Luigi
Published: December 2022

An electronic nose based on graphene chemiresistor sensors functionalized with phthalocyanines has been developed to detect selected biomarkers in the gas phase for breathomics, environmental monitoring, and food control applications.
Correction: A molecularly imprinted antibiotic receptor on magnetic nanotubes for the detection and removal of environmental oxytetracycline
Authors: Wang Jixiang , Li Xiaolei , Zhang Rong , Fu Bingjie , Chen Mingcan , Ye Mengxue , Liu Wanyu , Xu Jingjing , Pan Guoqing , Zhang Hongbo
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘A molecularly imprinted antibiotic receptor on magnetic nanotubes for the detection and removal of environmental oxytetracycline’ by Jixiang Wang et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2022, 10, 6777–6783, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TB00497F.
Star formation in outer rings of S0 galaxies
Authors: Sil’chenko O. , Moiseev A. , Oparin D. , Beckman J. E. , Font J.
Published: December 2022

Aims. Though S0 galaxies are usually thought to be ‘red and dead’, they often demonstrate weak star formation organised in ring structures and located in their outer disks. We try to clarify the nature of this phenomenon and its difference from star formation in spiral galaxies. The nearby moderate-luminosity S0 galaxy UGC 4599 is studied here.

Methods. By applying long-slit spectroscopy at the Russian 6 m telescope, we have measured stellar kinematics for the main body of the galaxy and strong emission-line flux ratios in the ring. After inspecting the gas excitation in the ring using line ratio diagrams, and having shown that it is ionised by young stars, we determined the gas oxygen abundance by using conventional strong-line calibration methods. We inspected the gas kinematics in the ring with Fabry–Perot interferometer data obtained at the William Herschel Telescope. The pattern and properties of the brightest star formation regions were studied with the tunable filter MaNGaL at the 2.5 m telescope of the Caucasian Mountain Observatory of the SAI MSU.

Results. The gas metallicity in the ring is certainly subsolar, [O/H] = −0.4 ± 0.1 dex, which is different from the majority of the outer star-forming rings in S0s we have studied in the past, which typically have nearly solar metallicity. The total stellar component of the galaxy, which is old in the centre, is less massive than its extended gaseous disk. We conclude that the ring and the outer disk of UGC 4599 are probably a result of gas accretion from a cosmological filament.
Zungengrundhyperplasie nach Tonsillektomie und Korrelation mit dem BMI
Authors: Roßberg Willi , Dagistani Ahmad , Mitovska Dragana , Krüger Caroline , Warnecke Athanasia , Lenarz Thomas , Durisin Martin
Published: December 2022

Hintergrund Die Hyperplasie der Zungengrundtonsille ist eine seltene und zugleich auch potenziell gefährliche Veränderung im Bereich der oberen Atemwege. Die Pathogenese der Zungengrundhyperplasie (ZGH) ist immer noch weitgehend unbekannt. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen Zustand nach Tonsillektomie und kompensatorischer Zungengrundhyperplasie untersucht.

Material und Methoden In der HNO-Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover wurden 300 Patienten konsekutiv untersucht. Im Rahmen der indirekten Laryngoskopie wurden die Zungengrundtonsille, Einsehbarkeit des Larynx sowie seiner Subregionen nach einem Schema beurteilt. Die Daten wurden anschließend in Abhängigkeit vom Status der Gaumentonsillen ausgewertet. Ergänzend wurde der Body-Mass-Index (BMI) ermittelt und mit Ergebnissen der Laryngoskopie verglichen.

Ergebnisse Von den 300 untersuchten Patienten war bei 89 (29,6%) eine Tonsillektomie beidseits durchgeführt worden. In der Gesamtpopulation war eine stark vergrößerte Zungengrundtonsille nur in 14 Fällen (4,6%) nachweisbar. Von diesen 14 wurde bei 4 Patienten in der Vorgeschichte eine Tonsillektomie durchgeführt. Der BMI zeigte bei Patienten mit einer normal großen Zungengrundtonsille einen Wert von 24,4 und bei Patienten mit starker Zungengrundhyperplasie 27,3.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Inzidenz der ZGH fällt nach unseren Ergebnissen mit 4,7 % gering aus. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen einem Zustand nach Tonsillektomie und kompensatorischer Zungengrundhyperplasie konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Es zeigte sich jedoch ein statistisch signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen BMI und ZGH.
Cannabis in der Onkologie – viel Rauch um nichts?
Authors: Burkhard-Meier Anton , Rémi Constanze , Lindner Lars H. , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael
Published: December 2022

Die medizinische Verwendung von Cannabis hat in den letzten Jahren in Europa und Nordamerika an Popularität gewonnen. Cannabinoide sind sowohl als Fertigarzneimittel als auch in Blüten- und Extraktform verfügbar. Der vorliegende Artikel legt den Fokus auf die supportive Therapie onkologischer Patienten. Mögliche Indikationen sind Schmerzen, Chemotherapie-bedingte Übelkeit und Erbrechen, Appetitlosigkeit und Geschmacksveränderungen. Trotz des enormen Hypes um Cannabis als Medizin ist die Evidenz für dessen Anwendung bei onkologischen Patienten unzureichend. Palliativpatienten mit refraktären Symptomen könnten jedoch geeignete Kandidaten für einen Therapieversuch darstellen. Der entscheidende Parameter für die Auswahl eines Cannabis-Arzneimittels ist die THC/CBD-Ratio. Orale Einnahmeformen bieten sich gerade für Cannabis-naive und ältere Patienten an. Psychische und kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen sind nicht zu unterschätzen.
The Triple Aim Quality Improvement Gold Standard Illustrated as Extremely Premature Infant Care
Authors: Kaempf Joseph W. , Wang Lian , Dunn Michael
Published: December 2022

Objectives The Triple Aim is widely regarded as the quality improvement gold standard that enhances population health, lowers costs, and betters individual care. There have been no large-scale, sustained demonstrations of such improvement in healthcare. Illustrating the Triple Aim using relevant extremely premature infant outcomes might highlight interwoven proficiency and efficiency complexities that impede sustained value progress.

Study Design Ten long-term collaborating neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in the Vermont Oxford Network calculated the Triple Aim in 230/7 to 276/7-week infants using three surrogate measures: (1) population health/x-axis—eight major morbidity rates as a composite, risk-adjusted metric; (2) cost/y-axis—total hospital length of stay; and (3) individual care/z-axis—mortality, then illustrated this relationship as a sphere within a three-dimensional cube.

Results Three thousand seven hundred six infants born between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2019, with mean (standard deviation) gestational age of 25.7 (1.4) weeks and birth weight of 803 (208) grams were analyzed. Triple Aim three-axis cube positions varied inconsistently comparing NICUs. Each NICUs' sphere illustrated mixed x- and z-axis movement (clinical proficiency), and y-axis movement (cost efficiency). No NICU demonstrated the theoretically ideal Triple Aim improvement in all three axes. Backward movement in at least one axis occurred in eight NICUs. The whole-group Triple Aim sphere moved forward along the x-axis (better morbidities metric), but moved backward in the y-axis length of stay and z-axis mortality measurements.

Conclusion Illustrating the Triple Aim gold standard as extreme prematurity outcomes reveals complexities inherent to simultaneous attempts at improving interwoven quality and cost outcomes. Lack of progress using relevant Triple Aim parameters from our well-established collaboration highlights the difficulties prioritizing competing outcomes, variable potentially-better-practice applications amongst NICUs, unmeasured biologic interactions, and obscured cultural–environmental contexts that all likely affect care. Triple Aim excellence, if even remotely possible, will necessitate scalable, evidence-based methodologies, pragmatism regarding inevitable trade-offs, and wise constrained-resource decisions.

Key Points
Gallstone Ileus—Lessons from a Missed Diagnosis
Authors: Sathe Animesh Ajit , Bhargava Rajat Naresh
Published: December 2022

Gallstone ileus is an uncommon presentation in patients with acute abdomen. Its diagnosis and treatment are often delayed due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. Presence of gallstone in ileum can be difficult to detect on computed tomography (CT) as mostly they are lucent. We report the case of a 66-year-old man with a 1-day history of vomiting and abdominal bloating. Initial CT could not identify the obstructing gall stone. On the follow-up CT, there was a distal shift of obstruction site in the intestine raising suspicion of a gallstone. We discuss the imaging findings on CT and the clues to diagnosing gallstone ileus.
Antioxidant and Anti-Anemic Effects of Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Mucuna poggei and Telfairia occidentalis in Phenyl-Hydrazine-Induced Anemia in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Udeozor Precious A. , Ibiam Udu A. , Uti Daniel E. , Umoru Grace U. , Onwe Eucharia N. , Mbonu Francis O. , Omang Wilson A. , Ijoganu Samuel I. , Anaga Charles O. , Mbah Jenavine Onyinye , Nwadum Solomon K.
Published: December 2022

Introduction With the use of recent therapeutic data, several methods for finding medications from untapped natural materials continue to advance research and development. The antioxidant and antianemic effects of ethanol leaf extracts of Telfairia occidentalis and Mucuna poggei in phenylhydrazine-induced anemia in Wister albino rats were investigated.

Method A total of 54 male albino rats were randomly assigned to nine experimental groups (n = 6). Anemia was induced in groups 2 to 9 with 10 mg/kg body weight of phenylhydrazine. Group 1 (normal control) rats were administered normal saline only. Group 2 (anemic control) rats were untreated. Group 3 (standard controls) rats were treated with a standard multivitamin, groups 4, 5, and 6 rats were treated with varying doses of M. poggei leaf extract respectively, while groups 7, 8, and 9 rats were treated with similar doses of T. occidentalis leaf extract by oral intubation for 21 days.

Results Earlier, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated eighteen (18) and twenty-nine (29) active compounds present in M. poggei and T. occidentalis, respectively. More so, T. occidentalis and M. poggei were studied for their inhibitory potentials against 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl-free radicals, nitric oxide, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. M. poggei and T. occidentalis also showed the following trend of minerals Mg > Ca > Fe > Na > Zn > Mn > K and Mg > Fe > Ca > Na > K > Mn > Zn, respectively. The results also showed that the packed cell volume, red blood cells, and hemoglobin significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in anemic control rats compared with normal controls and were significantly (p < 0.05) increased on treatment with the leaf extracts. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione levels significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in anemic control, compared with normal. However, these significantly (p < 0.05) increased on treatment with the leaf extracts in a dose-independent manner. Malondialdehyde levels took the reverse trend.

Conclusion This study indicated that leaf extracts of M. poggei and T. occidentalis can be used in the management of anemia and oxidative stress-related complications
The Oral Cavity Potentially Serving as a Reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 but Not Necessarily Facilitating the Spread of COVID-19 in Dental Practice
Authors: Tsuchiya Hironori
Published: December 2022

Intraoral tissues, secretions, and microenvironments may provide severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with the conditions necessary for viral cellular entry and inhabitation. The aim of the present study is to overview the oral cavity that potentially serves as a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2, and then discuss the possibility that such oral cavity facilitates the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in dental practice. Articles were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, LitCovid, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and preprint medRxiv databases. Results of the literature search indicated that SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry-relevant receptor and virus/cell membrane fusion mediators are expressed in major and minor salivary glands, tongue, taste bud, periodontal tissue, and dental pulp, which would be a target and reservoir for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 is present in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of COVID-19 patients. These secretions would contaminate dental aerosol and droplet with SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 inhabits periodontal pocket, gingival sulcus, and dental caries lesion, which could provide SARS-CoV-2 with a habitat. SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid is preserved in dental calculus, which may inform of the previous infection with SARS-CoV-2. Despite involvement of the oral cavity in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infection, to date, there have been no clusters of COVID-19 in dental practice. Dental settings are much less likely to facilitate the spread of COVID-19 compared with general medical settings, which may be explained by the situation of dentistry that the number of patients to visit dental offices/clinics was decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, the characteristics of dentistry that dental professionals have maintained high awareness of viral infection prevention, adhered to a strict protocol for infection control, and been using personal protective equipment for a long time, the experimental results that dental devices generate only small amounts of aerosol responsible for the airborne viral transmission, irrigant from the dental unit contributes to the aerosol microbiota much rather than saliva, and the commonly used evacuation or suction system effectively reduces aerosol and droplet generation, and the possibility that human saliva exhibits the antiviral activity and the property to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is considered that dental treatment and oral health care can be delivered safely in the COVID-19 era.