bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
xMD-miRNA-seq to generate near in vivo miRNA expression estimates in colon epithelial cells
Authors: Rosenberg Avi Z. , Wright Carrie , Fox-Talbot Karen , Rajpurohit Anandita , Williams Courtney , Porter Corey , Kovbasnjuk Olga , McCall Matthew N. , Shin Joo Heon , Halushka Marc K.
Published: June 2018

Accurate, RNA-seq based, microRNA (miRNA) expression estimates from primary cells have recently been described. However, this in vitro data is mainly obtained from cell culture, which is known to alter cell maturity/differentiation status, significantly changing miRNA levels. What is needed is a robust method to obtain in vivo miRNA expression values directly from cells. We introduce expression microdissection miRNA small RNA sequencing (xMD-miRNA-seq), a method to isolate cells directly from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. xMD-miRNA-seq is a low-cost, high-throughput, immunohistochemistry-based method to capture any cell type of interest. As a proof-of-concept, we isolated colon epithelial cells from two specimens and performed low-input small RNA-seq. We generated up to 600,000 miRNA reads from the samples. Isolated epithelial cells, had abundant epithelial-enriched miRNA expression (miR-192; miR-194; miR-200b; miR-200c; miR-215; miR-375) and overall similar miRNA expression patterns to other epithelial cell populations (colonic enteroids and flow-isolated colon epithelium). xMD-derived epithelial cells were generally not contaminated by other adjacent cells of the colon as noted by t-SNE analysis. xMD-miRNA-seq allows for simple, economical, and efficient identification of cell-specific miRNA expression estimates. Further development will enhance rapid identification of cell-specific miRNA expression estimates in health and disease for nearly any cell type using archival FFPE material.
Discovery of a lunar air temperature tide over the ocean: a diagnostic of air-sea coupling
Authors: Sakazaki T. , Hamilton K.
Published: June 2018

The lunar semidiurnal (L2) tide in the Earth’s atmosphere is unique as a purely mechanically forced periodic signal and it has been detected in upper atmosphere winds and temperature and in surface barometric pressure.L2signals in surface air temperature,L2(T), have only been detected at a single land station (results published almost a century ago). We report observational determinations ofL2(T) over the ocean by using data from 38 moored buoys across the tropical Pacific and Atlantic. In contrast to published speculation thatL2(T) should be negligible over ocean, we find that the observedL2(T) is fairly close to that consistent with an adiabaticL2pressure variation. Any deviations from purely adiabatic behavior are a measure of diabatic effects on the surface air—expected to be dominated by damping processes, notably heat exchange with the ocean surface. With the aid of climate model simulations that includeL2-tide-like variations, we demonstrate that our observations ofL2(T) provide a unique diagnosis for the strength of air-sea coupling and a useful constraint on climate model formulations of this coupling.
Kir4.1 channels in NG2-glia play a role in development, potassium signaling, and ischemia-related myelin loss
Authors: Song Feier , Hong Xiaoqi , Cao Jiayu , Ma Guofen , Han Yanfei , Cepeda Carlos , Kang Zizhen , Xu Tianle , Duan Shumin , Wan Jieqing , Tong Xiaoping
Published: June 2018

The contribution of the inwardly rectifying K+ channel subtype Kir4.1 has been focused mainly on astrocytes, where they play important roles in the maintenance of resting membrane potential, extracellular K+ uptake, and facilitation of glutamate uptake in the central nervous system. Here, we report the role of Kir4.1 channels in NG2-glia during brain development, potassium signaling, and in an ischemic stroke disease model. Kir4.1 channels are widely expressed in NG2-glia during brain development. In the adult mouse hippocampus, Kir4.1 channels in NG2-glia constitute more than 80% of K+ channels inward currents. This large portion of Kir4.1 channel currents exhibits a deficit in NG2-glia as an initial response in a transient ischemic mouse model. Further evidence indicates that Kir4.1 deficits in NG2-glia potentially cause axonal myelin loss in ischemia through the association with oligodendrocyte-specific protein (OSP/Claudin-11), which unravels a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
A general model of focal adhesion orientation dynamics in response to static and cyclic stretch
Authors: De Rumi
Published: June 2018

Understanding cellular response to mechanical forces is immensely important for a plethora of biological processes. Focal adhesions are multimolecular protein assemblies that connect the cell to the extracellular matrix and play a pivotal role in cell mechanosensing. Under time-varying stretches, focal adhesions dynamically reorganize and reorient and as a result, regulate the response of cells in tissues. Here I present a simple theoretical model based on, to my knowledge, a novel approach in the understanding of stretch-sensitive bond association and dissociation processes together with the elasticity of the cell-substrate system to predict the growth, stability, and the orientation of focal adhesions in the presence of static as well as cyclically varying stretches. The model agrees well with several experimental observations; most importantly, it explains the puzzling observations of parallel orientation of focal adhesions under static stretch and nearly perpendicular orientation in response to fast varying cyclic stretch.
One-pot construction of a twice-condensed pDNA polyplex system for peripheral nerve crush injury therapy
Authors: Zhao Xiaotian , Qian Yun , Cheng Yuan , Guo Xiaoshuang , Yuan Wei-En
Published: June 2018

A twice-condensed polyplex system prevents nucleic acid drugs from leaking, and it is used for peripheral nerve crush injury treatment.
On the stability in alkaline conditions and electrochemical performance of A2BO4-type cathodes for liquid fuel cells
Authors: Cardoso D. S. P. , Šljukić B. , Sousa N. , Sequeira C. A. C. , Figueiredo F. M. L. , Santos D. M. F.
Published: June 2018

Transition metal Ruddlesden–Popper oxides are active for H2O2reduction in alkaline conditions but their chemical stability is questioned by experiment and Pourbaix diagrams.
Machine learning for predicting product distributions in catalytic regioselective reactions
Authors: Banerjee Sayan , Sreenithya A. , Sunoj Raghavan B.
Published: June 2018

Machine learning tools are applied to analyse the regiochemical outcome of an important difluorination reaction.
Bismuth oxysulfide film electrodes with giant incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency: the dynamics of properties with deposition time
Authors: Bondarenko Evgeny A. , Streltsov Eugene A. , Mazanik Alexander V. , Kulak Anatoly I. , Grivickas Vytautas , Ščajev Patrik , Skorb Ekaterina V.
Published: June 2018

The dynamics of the properties of bismuth oxysulfide films has been investigated, e.g. a red shift of the absorption edge with the film thickness.
O-Substituted group-controlled selectivity in Rh(iii)-catalyzed coupling of benzamides with α,α-difluoromethylene alkynes: a computational mechanistic study
Authors: Ma Xue-Xiang , Liu Jian-Biao , Huang Fang , Sun Chuan-Zhi , Chen De-Zhan
Published: June 2018

The selectivity mediated by the O-substituted groups depends on the N–O bond strength and the coordination of the O-substituted groups.
Janus CoN/Co cocatalyst in porous N-doped carbon: toward enhanced catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Fan Meihong , Zheng Yuenan , Li Ang , Li Kaiqian , Liu Hanyu , Qiao Zhen-An
Published: June 2018

Using earth abundant transition metal-based compounds to replace noble metal catalysts towards hydrogen evolution from water splitting seems to have great importance worldwide.
Selective ligand-free cobalt-catalysed reduction of esters to aldehydes or alcohols
Authors: Rysak Vincent , Descamps-Mandine Armel , Simon Pardis , Blanchard Florent , Burylo Laurence , Trentesaux Martine , Vandewalle Maxence , Collière Vincent , Agbossou-Niedercorn Francine , Michon Christophe
Published: June 2018

Activated cobalt metal salts are effective and versatile catalysts for the chemoselective reduction of esters to aldehydes or alcohols through hydrosilylation reaction.
Exploring the mechanisms of aqueous methanol dehydrogenation catalyzed by defined PNP Mn and Re pincer complexes under base-free as well as strong base conditions
Authors: Wei Zhihong , de Aguirre Adiran , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias , Jiao Haijun
Published: June 2018

The mechanisms of aqueous methanol dehydrogenation reaction catalyzed by defined Mn and Re pincer complexes under different conditions were computed.
Interfacial oxygen vacancy layer of a Z-scheme BCN–TiO2 heterostructure accelerating charge carrier transfer for visible light photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Xing Xiaolei , Zhu Huihui , Zhang Min , Hou Lili , Li Qiuye , Yang Jianjun
Published: June 2018

Interfacial oxygen vacancy layer of BCN–TiO2 heterostructures as an effective interfacial mediator can promotes the direct Z-scheme charge carrier transfer process and visible light photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution.
Playing with Pearson's concept: orthogonally functionalized 1,4-diaza-1,3-butadienes leading to heterobinuclear complexes
Authors: Neu J. P. , Di Martino-Fumo P. , Oelkers B. , Sun Y. , Neuba A. , Gerhards M. , Thiel W. R.
Published: June 2018

Orthogonally soft/hard functionalized 1,2-diimines allow for the selective coordination of metal sites in a formally four-coordinating ligand environment.
Luminescent protein staining with Re(i) tetrazolato complexes
Authors: Fiorini Valentina , Bergamini Linda , Monti Nicola , Zacchini Stefano , Plush Sally E. , Massi Massimiliano , Hochkoeppler Alejandro , Stefan Alessandra , Stagni Stefano
Published: June 2018

Re(i) tricarbonyl diiimine complexes for the first time exploited as luminescent staining agents for SDS-PAGE.
Improving UV/H2O2 performance following tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater
Authors: Ulliman Sydney L. , Miklos David B. , Hübner Uwe , Drewes Jörg E. , Linden Karl G.
Published: June 2018

The ability of UV/AOP to treat trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) in wastewater is inhibited by (1) UV light-absorbing species and (2) hydroxyl radical (˙OH) scavenging species.
Evaluation of the stability of tyrosol esters duringin vitrogastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Yin Fa-Wen , Hu Xiao-Pei , Zhou Da-Yong , Ma Xiao-Chi , Tian Xiang-Ge , Huo Xiao-Kui , Rakariyatham Kanyasiri , Shahidi Fereidoon , Zhu Bei-Wei
Published: June 2018

Lipophenols such as tea polyphenol palmitate derivatives (palmitoyl esters of tea polyphenols) have been classified as non-toxic food additives due to their better protective effects on lipidic food matrices from oxidation, but their digestion and absorption have remained unexplored.
Toward a mechanistic understanding of Feo-mediated ferrous iron uptake
Authors: Sestok Alexandrea E. , Linkous Richard O. , Smith Aaron T.
Published: June 2018

The ferrous iron transport (Feo) system is the predominant mode of bacterial Fe2+import. Advancements in the structure and function of FeoB provide glimpses into the mechanism of Fe2+uptake.
Tungstic acid-functionalized MCM-41 as a novel mesoporous solid acid catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of new pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines
Authors: Karami Bahador , Farahi Mahnaz , Akrami Sedigheh , Elhamifar Dawood
Published: June 2018

Tungstic acid-functionalized MCM-41 (MCM-41–HWO4) was prepared, characterized and applied as a reusable mesoporous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of new pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives.
Recent advances in inorganic material thermoelectrics
Authors: Ren Pan , Liu Yamei , He Jian , Lv Tu , Gao Junling , Xu Guiying
Published: June 2018

Time line of representative inorganic bulk thermoelectric materials from 1960s to the present.
A novel binary flooding system of a biobased surfactant and hydrophobically associating polymer with ultralow interfacial tensions
Authors: Li Na , Bao Xin-Ning , Guo Yong-Jun , Yang Shi-Zhong , Li Ying-Cheng , Mu Bo-Zhong
Published: June 2018

A novel alkali free binary flooding system of a biobased zwitterionic surfactant and hydrophobically associating polymer with ultralow interfacial tension at a low surfactant dosage was studied in this paper.
Palladium-catalyzed tandem allylic substitution/cyclization and cascade hydrosilylated reduction: the influence of reaction parameters and hydrosilanes on the stereoselectivity
Authors: Long Peng-Wei , Xu Jian-Xing , Bai Xing-Feng , Xu Zheng , Zheng Zhan-Jiang , Yang Ke-Fang , Li Li , Xu Li-Wen
Published: June 2018

Pd-catalyzed AAA of 1,2-bifunctional nucleophiles and one-pot tandem allylic cyclization/reduction gave corresponding heterocycle products with promising enantioselectivity in good yields.
Enhanced device performance and stability of perovskite solar cells with low-temperature ZnO/TiO2 bilayered electron transport layers
Authors: Zhang Caifeng , Zhai Guangmei , Zhang Yong , Gao Wenhui , Shao Zhimeng , Zheng Lulu , Mei Fuhong , Zhang Hua , Yang Yongzhen , Li Xuemin , Liu Xuguang , Xu Bingshe
Published: June 2018

Low-temperature solution-processed ZnO/TiO2 bilayered films have been demonstrated to be suitable ETLs for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
Graphynes: indispensable nanoporous architectures in carbon flatland
Authors: James Anto , John Chris , Owais Cheriyacheruvakkara , Myakala Stephen Nagaraju , Chandra Shekar Sarap , Choudhuri Jyoti Roy , Swathi Rotti Srinivasamurthy
Published: June 2018

The uniformly distributed nanoporous architectures in graphynes have significantly expanded the applicability of the materials of carbon flatland in areas such as water desalination, gas separation, energy storage, catalysis and optoelectronics.
Bent-core dimers with top-to-bottom linkage between central units
Authors: Horčic Martin , Svoboda Jiří , Novotná Vladimíra , Pociecha Damian , Gorecka Ewa
Published: June 2018

A study of bent-core liquid crystalline dimers with a unique top-to-bottom molecular structure.
Using student-generated animations: the challenge of dynamic chemical models in states of matter and the invisibility of the particles
Authors: Yaseen Zeynep
Published: June 2018

This research investigates the use of student-generated animations in the teaching and learning of chemistry. Previous research has identified the potential for animations to contribute to student learning in science. In particular, animations have the capacity to represent the dynamic process and motions that may be inherent in some chemical concepts. This study focuses on animations that students produced with the support of their teacher and fellow students. The participants in the study were Year 11 science students and their science teacher. The teaching intervention included training the students in the use of animation software, followed by the students working in groups to create animations representing their conceptions of solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, watching expert animations and classroom discussions. Students were supported by their teacher and encouraged to discuss ideas as they constructed their animations. Data collection included pre- and post-tests, classroom observation, video recording of lessons, collection of artefacts (the students’ animations, expert animations) and interviews with the teacher and students. Use of the student-generated animations created an opportunity to represent and discuss conceptions of the states of matter, including dynamic elements of their conceptualization. The teacher's scaffolding of the groups during the creation of their animations helped students to accurately represent their conceptions. In their analysis of the various animations, students identified differences and similarities among their animations. Data from pre-/post-tests, observations and interviews indicate that the students improved their understanding of states of matter through the teaching/learning process that occurred during the intervention.
Metastable and nanosize cation-disordered rocksalt-type oxides: revisit of stoichiometric LiMnO2 and NaMnO2
Authors: Sato Takahito , Sato Kei , Zhao Wenwen , Kajiya Yoshio , Yabuuchi Naoaki
Published: June 2018

Stoichiometric LiMnO2 and NaMnO2 with a cation-disordered rocksalt-type structure as metastable polymorphs were successfully prepared by mechanical milling.
Effect of a methyl thiophene-3-carboxylate bridge in an indacenodithiophene-based acceptor–donor–acceptor-type molecule on the performance of non-fullerene polymer solar cells
Authors: Park Su Hong , Park Gi Eun , Choi Suna , Kim Young Un , Park Seo Yeon , Park Chang Geun , Cho Min Ju , Choi Dong Hoon
Published: June 2018

Fullerene-free polymer solar cells with the as-cast blend film of IDT-3MT and PBDB-T exhibited a high PCE of 8.40%.
Luminescence enhancement and energy transfers of Ce3+ and Sm3+ in CaSrSiO4 phosphor
Authors: Khan Wasim Ullah , Zhou Lei , Liang Qiongyun , Li Xiaohui , Yan Jing , Rahman Naveed UR , Dolgov Leonid , Khan Shahid Ullah , Shi Jianxin , Wu Mingmei
Published: June 2018

Energy transfer from Ce3+ to Sm3+ in orthosilicate host enhances the luminescence and shows promising application in white LEDs.
New tools for carbohydrate sulfation analysis: heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase (HS2ST) is a target for small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors
Authors: Byrne Dominic P. , Li Yong , Ramakrishnan Krithika , Barsukov Igor L. , Yates Edwin A. , Eyers Claire E. , Papy-Garcia Dulcé , Chantepie Sandrine , Pagadala Vijayakanth , Liu Jian , Wells Carrow , Drewry David H. , Zuercher William J. , Berry Neil G. , Fernig David G. , Eyers Patrick A.
Published: June 2018

Sulfation of carbohydrate residues occurs on a variety of glycans destined for secretion, and this modification is essential for efficient matrix-based signal transduction. Heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycans control physiological functions ranging from blood coagulation to cell proliferation. HS biosynthesis involves membrane-bound Golgi sulfotransferases, including HS 2-O-sulfotransferase (HS2ST), which transfers sulfate from the cofactor PAPS (3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate) to the 2-O position of α-l-iduronate in the maturing polysaccharide chain. The current lack of simple non-radioactive enzyme assays that can be used to quantify the levels of carbohydrate sulfation hampers kinetic analysis of this process and the discovery of HS2ST inhibitors. In the present paper, we describe a new procedure for thermal shift analysis of purified HS2ST. Using this approach, we quantify HS2ST-catalysed oligosaccharide sulfation using a novel synthetic fluorescent substrate and screen the Published Kinase Inhibitor Set, to evaluate compounds that inhibit catalysis. We report the susceptibility of HS2ST to a variety of cell-permeable compounds in vitro, including polyanionic polar molecules, the protein kinase inhibitor rottlerin and oxindole-based RAF kinase inhibitors. In a related study, published back-to-back with the present study, we demonstrated that tyrosyl protein sulfotranferases are also inhibited by a variety of protein kinase inhibitors. We propose that appropriately validated small-molecule compounds could become new tools for rapid inhibition of glycan (and protein) sulfation in cells, and that protein kinase inhibitors might be repurposed or redesigned for the specific inhibition of HS2ST.
Generalized Poisson integral and sharp estimates for harmonic and biharmonic functions in the half-space
Authors: Kresin G. , Maz’ya V.
Published: June 2018

A representation for the sharp coefficient in a pointwise estimate for the gradient of a generalized Poisson integral of a function f on ℝn−1 is obtained under the assumption that f belongs to Lp. It is assumed that the kernel of the integral depends on the parameters α and β. The explicit formulas for the sharp coefficients are found for the cases p = 1, p = 2 and for some values of α, β in the case p = ∞. Conditions ensuring the validity of some analogues of the Khavinson’s conjecture for the generalized Poisson integral are obtained. The sharp estimates are applied to harmonic and biharmonic functions in the half-space.
Une Opticienne Célèbre. Émilie du Châtelet
Authors: Haidar Riad
Published: June 2018

Mathématicienne et physicienne française, Émilie Du Châtelet est surtout connue pour sa traduction commentée des Principia Mathematica de Newton, qui fait encore autorité aujourd'hui. On lui doit aussi d’avoir contribué à populariser en France l'oeuvre de Leibniz, et d’avoir démontré par l'expérience que l'énergie cinétique (alors appelée « force vive ») est bien proportionnelle, comme Leibniz l'avait formulé, à la masse et au carré de la vitesse.
Les technologies quantiques, de la recherche fondamentale à l’innovation
Authors: Leduc Michèle , Tanzilli Sébastien
Published: June 2018

Après la physique quantique, les technologies quantiques. La mécanique quantique et la relativité ont constitué les deux révolutions majeures de la physique du XXe siècle. Bien que la théorie quantique n’ait jamais été mise en défaut, la signification et l’interprétation de ses concepts continuent de faire débat. Pour autant les applications qui en découlent sont parfaitement maîtrisées et continuent de se multiplier.
Flare forecasting using the evolution of McIntosh sunspot classifications
Authors: McCloskey Aoife E. , Gallagher Peter T. , Bloomfield D. Shaun
Published: June 2018

Most solar flares originate in sunspot groups, where magnetic field changes lead to energy build-up and release. However, few flare-forecasting methods use information of sunspot-group evolution, instead focusing on static point-in-time observations. Here, a new forecast method is presented based upon the 24-h evolution in McIntosh classification of sunspot groups. Evolution-dependent ≥C1.0 and ≥M1.0 flaring rates are found from NOAA-numbered sunspot groups over December 1988–June 1996 (Solar Cycle 22; SC22) before converting to probabilities assuming Poisson statistics. These flaring probabilities are used to generate operational forecasts for sunspot groups over July 1996–December 2008 (SC23), with performance studied by verification metrics. Major findings are: (i) considering Brier skill score (BSS) for ≥C1.0 flares, the evolution-dependent McIntosh-Poisson method (BSSevolution = 0.09) performs better than the static McIntosh-Poisson method (BSSstatic = − 0.09); (ii) low BSS values arise partly from both methods over-forecasting SC23 flares from the SC22 rates, symptomatic of ≥C1.0 rates in SC23 being on average ≈80% of those in SC22 (with ≥M1.0 being ≈50%); (iii) applying a bias-correction factor to reduce the SC22 rates used in forecasting SC23 flares yields modest improvement in skill relative to climatology for both methods (BSSstaticcorr = 0.09 and BSSevolutioncorr = 0.0.20) and improved forecast reliability diagrams.
Lungenresektion nach definitiver und neoadjuvanter Radiochemotherapie im Stadium IIIA/B des lokal fortgeschrittenen nicht kleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms: eine retrospektive Analyse
Authors: Schreiner Waldemar , Gavrychenkova Sofiia , Dudek Wojciech , Lettmaier Sebastian , Rieker Ralf , Fietkau Rainer , Sirbu Horia
Published: June 2018

Hintergrund Der prognostische Stellenwert von „Salvage“-Resektionen nach definitiver Radiochemotherapie im Vergleich zur kurativen Lungenresektion nach Induktionstherapie bei lokal fortgeschrittenem nicht kleinzelligem Lungenkarzinom im Stadium IIIA/B wurde bislang nur selten untersucht. Ziel unserer retrospektiven Datenanalyse war, die perioperativen Ergebnisse, das postoperative und rezidivfreie Überleben nach beiden Verfahren zu vergleichen und mögliche relevante Prognosefaktoren zu identifizieren.

Patienten und Methoden Im Zeitraum von Juni 2008 bis Mai 2017 wurden 43 Patienten mit Resektion nach Induktionstherapie (Gruppe 1) und 14 nach definitiver Radiochemotherapie (Gruppe 2) identifiziert. Die retrospektive Datenanalyse erfasste demografische Faktoren, Tumorstadium und Lokalisation, das initiale Therapieregime, die präoperative Regression, die perioperative Mortalität und Letalität, das postoperative und rezidivfreie Überleben.

Ergebnisse In Gruppe 2 wurde eine signifikant höhere Gesamtstrahlendosis appliziert (p = 0,00) und ein signifikant längeres Zeitintervall zwischen der Radiochemotherapie und Lungenresektion (p = 0,02) festgestellt. Zusätzlich wurde ein signifikant höherer perioperativer Blutverlust und häufigere Bluttransfusionen beobachtet (p = 0,003 bzw. p = 0,005). Die perioperative Morbidität und Letalität waren nach beiden Verfahren statistisch vergleichbar (p = 0,72 bzw. 0,395). Das 5-Jahres-Überleben postoperativ betrug in Gruppe 1 55% bzw. Gruppe 2 48% (log-rank p = 0,353). Das rezidivfreie Überleben nach 5 Jahren war in Gruppe 1 53% bzw. in Gruppe 2 42% (log-rank p = 0,180). In Gruppe 2 trat häufiger diffuse Metastasierung auf, während in Gruppe 1 Oligometastasierung beobachtet wurde.

Schlussfolgerung Die Prognose nach Salvage-Resektion erscheint vergleichbar mit den Ergebnissen der kurativen Resektion nach Induktionstherapie. Diffuse Fernmetastasierung wird häufig beobachtet. Eine strenge Patientenselektion ist erforderlich.
Corporate Identity – Das sind Sie!
Authors: Eisenhart Rothe Anna von
Published: June 2018

Wer sind Sie, was zeichnet Sie aus? Woran denken Patienten, Klienten, Ärzte und Kollegen, wenn Sie an Ihre Praxis denken? Könnten Sie diese Fragen beantworten? Schon wieder eine Frage! Aber eine gute. Ein unverwechselbares Profil der Praxis und ein gutes Image sind Gold wert. Überlassen Sie es nicht dem Zufall, wie man über Ihr Unternehmen denkt und spricht. Arbeiten Sie stattdessen konsequent an Ihrer Corporate Identity.
Bewegungskonzept GiB 2.0 für Menschen mit Demenz – Übungen mit Spaßfaktor
Authors: Gebhard Doris , Schmid Christina
Published: June 2018

Viele Bewegungsprogramme für Menschen mit Demenz werden der WHO-Forderung nach zielgruppenspezifischer Gesundheitsförderung nicht gerecht. Die FH Kärnten hat nun ein Konzept entwickelt, das die speziellen Bedürfnisse und Lebensumstände von Menschen mit Demenz berücksichtigt. Es kommt bei Betroffenen und Trainern gut an, ergab die Evaluation.
Ambulantes Drainagemanagement bei Patienten mit klinisch relevanter Pankreasfistel – eine nationale Erhebung
Authors: Hempel Sebastian , Püttmann Pamela , Kahlert Christoph , Seifert Lena , Mees Sören , Welsch Thilo , Weitz Jürgen , Distler Marius
Published: June 2018

Einleitung Die postoperative Pankreasfistel (POPF) zählt zu den häufigsten Komplikationen in der Pankreaschirurgie. Sie ist oftmals mit einem verlängerten Krankenhausaufenthalt, erhöhten Behandlungskosten und einer Reduktion an Lebensqualität verbunden. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die gängige Praxis bez. der Behandlung einer klinisch relevanten Pankreasfistel (CR-POPF) bundesweit zu erfassen und die Durchführung eines ambulanten Drainagemanagements zu evaluieren.

Methoden Zur Erhebung des (ambulanten) Managements klinisch relevanter Pankreasfisteln und des ambulanten Drainagemanagements wurde ein Fragebogen bestehend aus 34 Parametern in 9 thematischen Blöcken entworfen und an 211 Kliniken in Deutschland versendet, welche die Mindestmenge von 12 Pankreasresektionen/Jahr erreichen. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte mit SPSS 21.

Ergebnisse 62% der angeschriebenen Kliniken (n = 131) nahmen an der Umfrage teil. Ambulantes Drainagemanagement bei Patienten mit Pankreasfistel wird von den meisten Kliniken durchgeführt (n = 100, 76,3%). Jedoch praktizieren 30% der Kliniken (n = 40) in nur 5% ihrer CR-POPF-Fälle eine ambulante Behandlung. Eine Korrelation zwischen der Fallzahl und der Häufigkeit eines ambulanten Managements wurde nicht beobachtet. Meistens sind die Entlasskriterien (n = 98, 74,8%), das Drainagemanagement (n = 95, 72,5%) und die Kriterien zur Drainageentfernung (n = 74, 56,5%) nicht standardisiert, sondern erfolgen individuell. In Zentren mit standardisiertem Vorgehen sind die Kriterien zur Drainageentfernung durch eine Sekretionsmenge < 20 ml (29,8%), den fehlenden Nachweis eines intraabdominellem Verhalts (25,2%), einen fehlenden Amylase-/Lipasenachweis im Sekret (25,2%) sowie das Fehlen spezifischer Symptome (22,1%) definiert.

Zusammenfassung Es handelt sich hierbei um die erste bundesweite Umfrage zur Evaluation des ambulanten Drainagemanagements bei Patienten mit CR-POPF. Trotz spärlicher Datenlage praktizieren die meisten deutschen Pankreaschirurgen eine ambulante Weiterbehandlung bei Pankreasfistel. Jedoch haben die wenigsten Kliniken einen definierten Standard bez. Entlassung aus der Klinik, der ambulanten Versorgung und der Drainageentfernung. Wir empfehlen die Definition von Entlasskriterien sowie einen Managementalgorithmus zur Optimierung des perioperativen Verlaufs und möglicherweise Ausweitung der ambulanten Behandlung von Patienten mit Drainage bei CR-POPF.
Prävention und operative Therapie des Chylothorax
Authors: Glatz Torben , Marjanovic Goran , Hoeppner Jens
Published: June 2018

Hintergrund Der Chylothorax ist eine seltene Komplikation nach Thoraxtrauma oder chirurgischen Eingriffen, insbesondere der Ösophagusresektion, die unbehandelt in ein potenziell lebensbedrohliches Krankheitsbild übergeht.

Methoden Dieser Artikel bietet einen Überblick über die bestehende Literatur zur Prävention und chirurgischen Therapie des Chylothorax.

Ergebnisse Das Risiko für eine Chylusleckage steigt mit der Schwierigkeit der mediastinalen Präparation. Es ist mit etwa 3% am höchsten bei radikalen Ösophagusresektionen und kardiochirurgischen Eingriffen bei Kindern. Bei diesem Risiko besteht die Möglichkeit einer prophylaktischen intraoperativen Ligatur des Ductus thoracicus entweder als selektive Ligatur oder als Massenligatur. Metaanalysen bestätigen die Effektivität dieser Maßnahme mit einer Senkung des Risikos bis auf unter 1% bei der Ösophagusresektion. Bei Vorliegen eines postoperativen Chylothorax kann ein konservativer Therapieversuch bei Drainagenfördermenge bis zu 1000 ml täglich unternommen werden. Bei Anzeichen für eine persistierende Leckage scheint eine zügige chirurgische Re-Intervention angezeigt. Diese kann entweder transthorakal oder transhiatal als selektive Ligatur oder Massenligatur erfolgen und hat eine Erfolgswahrscheinlichkeit von über 90%.

Schlussfolgerung Die prophylaktische primäre oder therapeutische sekundäre Ligatur des Ductus thoracicus ist ein effektives Mittel zur Prävention und Therapie einer postoperativen Chylusleckage.
Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of Fractures of the Ring of Axis
Authors: Scholz Matti , Schleicher Philipp , Kandziora Frank , Badke Andreas , Dreimann Marc , Gebhard Harry , Gercek Erol , Gonschorek Oliver , Hartensuer René , Jarvers Jan-Sven , Katscher Sebastian , Kobbe Philipp , Koepp Holger , Korge Andreas , Matschke Stefan , Mörk Sven , Müller Christian , Osterhoff Georg , Pécsi Ferenc , Pishnamaz Miguel , Reinhold Maximilian , Schmeiser Gregor , Schnake Klaus , Schneider Kristian , Spiegl Ulrich , Ullrich Bernhard
Published: June 2018

In a consensus process with four sessions in 2017, the working group “upper cervical spine” of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery (DGOU) formulated “Therapeutic Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Cervical Fractures”, taking their own experience and the current literature into consideration. The following article describes the recommendations for axis ring fractures (traumatic spondylolysis C2). About 19 to 49% of all cervical spine injuries include the axis vertebra. Traumatic spondylolysis of C2 may include potential discoligamentous instability C2/3. The primary aim of the diagnostic process is to detect the injury and to determine potential disco-ligamentous instability C2/3. For classification purposes, the Josten classification or the modified Effendi classification may be used. The Canadian C-spine rule is recommended for clinical screening for C-spine injuries. CT is the preferred imaging modality and an MRI is needed to determine the integrity of the discoligamentous complex C2/3. Conservative treatment is appropriate in case of stable fractures with intact C2/3 motion segment (Josten type 2 and 2). Patients should be closely monitored, in order to detect secondary dislocation as early as possible. Surgical treatment is recommended in cases of primary severe fracture dislocation or discoligamentous instability C2/3 (Josten 3 and 4) and/or secondary fracture dislocation. Anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) C2/3 is the treatment of choice. However, in case of facet joint luxation C2/3 with looked facet (Josten 4), a primary posterior approach may be necessary.
Krankheitserleben nach langjähriger orthopädischer Therapie in der Kindheit
Authors: Schwarze Martin , Gerigk Carina , Schulmeister Martin , Schiltenwolf Marcus
Published: June 2018

Die orthopädische Krankengeschichte des heute 56-jährigen Herrn Z begann nach seiner Geburt mit der Behandlung von Klumpfüßen. Ab der Adoleszenz stellten sich multilokuläre Schmerzen ein. Die langjährige Patientenkarriere war geprägt durch Enttäuschung über die früh einsetzende und sich wiederholende Behandlungsbedürftigkeit. Das Enttäuschungsmotiv steht in engem Zusammenhang zur Beziehung zur Mutter. Die Biografie macht die Verflechtung von frühen (orthopädischen) Behandlungserfahrungen, primären Bindungserfahrungen und Krankheitserleben deutlich. Eine multimodale Schmerztherapie konnte bei Herrn Z gezielt ansetzen, positive Körpererfahrungen erzeugen und final den Schmerz reduzieren.
Basisinzidenz HPV-assoziierter invasiver und in situ Karzinome in Deutschland vor Eintreten möglicher Impfeffekte
Authors: Sophia Rudolph Christiane Ermina , Katalinic Alexander
Published: June 2018

Ziel der Studie In Deutschland steht seit März 2007 die Impfung gegen humane Papillomaviren (HPV) als Leistung der GKV zur Verfügung. Neben der Reduktion der Krankheitslast durch Zervixkarzinome, wird ein positiver Effekt auf andere HPV-assoziierte Karzinome erwartet. Für Deutschland liegen derzeit keine veröffentlichten Angaben zu Basisinzidenzen HPV-assoziierter Karzinome vor Einführung des Impfstoffs vor, obwohl diese für die Beurteilung der Effekte der HPV-Impfung erforderlich sind. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, diese Wissenslücke zu schließen.

Methodik Auf Basis von Krebsregisterdaten aus 7 deutschen Bundesländern wurden durchschnittliche, jährliche Inzidenzraten für Zervix-, Anogenital-, Mundhöhlen- und Oropharynxkrebs im Zeitraum von 2003 bis 2007 berechnet. Ergänzend werden Trendverläufe bis 2013 dargestellt. Für ganz Deutschland geben zusätzliche Fallzahlschätzungen einen Überblick über die absolute Krankheitslast durch HPV-assoziierte Karzinome.

Ergebnisse Deutschlandweit erkrankten vor Einführung der HPV-Schutzimpfung jährlich schätzungsweise 11 686 Personen neu an einer invasiven HPV-assoziierten Krebserkrankung. Am häufigsten sind Zervixkarzinome bei Frauen (4 387 Fälle) und Mundhöhlen- und Oropharynxkarzinome bei Männern (2 770 Fälle) mit altersstandardisierten Inzidenzraten von jeweils 8,8 und 5,9 Fällen pro 100 000 Personen. Die alterstandardisierte Inzidenzrate von in situ Zervixkarzinomen beträgt 23,5 Fälle pro 100 000 Frauen. Die Inzidenzverläufe zeigen signifikante Anstiege bei Vulva-, Penis- und Anorektalkarzinomen.

Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegende Arbeit biete robuste Basisdaten zur Inzidenz HPV-assoziierter Karzinome vor Einführung der HPV-Schutzimpfung in Deutschland. Erste Effekte der Impfung auf die Erkrankungshäufigkeit von HPV-assoziierten Karzinomen in Deutschland können sinnvoll frühestens ab 2019 untersucht werden.
Medical Management of Diverticular Disease
Authors: Knott Liam , Reickert Craig
Published: June 2018

This article reviews the current literature supporting the non-surgical options for treatment in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis, complicated diverticulitis, and options for prevention of recurrent diverticulitis.
Considerations and Changes in the Evaluation, Management, and Outcomes in the Management of Diverticular Disease: The Diagnosis, Pathology, and Treatment of Diverticular Colitis
Authors: Poggio Juan , Kucejko Robert
Published: June 2018

Diverticular colitis, also known as segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis, is a colonic inflammatory disorder on the spectrum of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The disease consists of macroscopic and microscopic inflammation affecting inter-diverticular mucosa, sparing peri-diverticular mucosa, with inflammation confined to the descending and sigmoid colon. The disease likely arises from the altered immune response of an individual, genetically susceptible to the IBD spectrum of diseases. Patients with segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD) are typically older, and likely represent a subgroup of IBD—susceptible patients who lacked an environmental trigger until that point in their life. Most patients remain in remission with initial treatments of mesalamine or topical steroids, and maintenance mesalamine afterwards. Only the most severe form of the disease necessitates immunomodulatory therapy and the consideration of surgery.
Management of Diverticular Disease in the Setting of Other Colorectal Pathology: Data on Simultaneous Issues in Segmental Colitis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Cancer, and Complications
Authors: Ghalyaie Nasrin
Published: June 2018

Diverticulosis of the colon is a very common anatomical condition. In the Western world, it affects more than 70% of over 65 years old population and represents the fifth most important gastrointestinal disease in terms of health care costs in Western countries. The diagnosis of diverticular disease and diverticulitis can be challenging. Often, there is overlap with other colonic pathologies, such as segmental colitis, ischemia, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, or infectious colitis. Management of diverticular disease in these settings might be different.
Effect of Platelet Antibodies on the Ultrastructure of Normal Platelets and the Separation of Platelets Antibody Activity by Ultracentrifugation, Including one Case of Diuril Induced Thrombocytopenia Followed by Thrombocytopathy
Authors: Balboa R. S , Gajewski M , Pawlowski J. M , Greenwalt T. J , Johnson S. A
Published: June 2018

Studies on three patients with platelet antibodies associated with thrombocytopenia but with different clinical backgrounds are presented. The first patient had chronic lymphocytic leukemia without known contact with an outside source of platelet antigen. Platelet antibodies were detected before a platelet transfusion was given as a measure of platelet survival. The second patient developed a drug (Diuril) induced thrombocytopathy and thrombocytopenia. The platelets appearing in the circulation immediately following the thrombocytopenia exhibited abnormal qualitative and quantitative ultrastructure and abnormal function of platelet factor 3. This constituents the first drug induced thrombocytopathy observed. The third patient had post-hepatitic cirrhosis with functional and histologic impairment. Possible explanations of antibody production were suggested.

The antibodies were demonstrated by the platelet agglutination method of Tullis using normal stored and normal stored irradiated platelets as the source of antigens. Coagulation factors were studied together with the platelet antibodies. Qualitative (platelet thromboplastic function) and quantitative (thrombocytopenia) changes were observed in one patient.

Patient’s circulating platelets and agglutinated normal stored and normal stored irradiated platelets were studied under the electron microscope. Morphological changes were observed and described.

The sera of the patients and normal controls were centrifuged at 126,000 g for 6 hours and platelet agglutination tests were performed with the top and bottom layers. Increased agglutination in the top layers and decreased agglutination in the bottom layers occurred in the patient’s sera without any changes in the normal sera.
Macrothrombocytic Thrombopathia. Clinical, Coagulation and Hereditary Aspects
Authors: Kańska Barbara , Niewiarowski S , Ostrowski L , Popławski A , Prokopowicz J
Published: June 2018

Macrothrombocytic thrombopathia (la dystrophie thrombocytaire hémorragipare congénitale) has been diagnosed in two sisters (10 and 12 years old) born of a consanguineous marriage. A short description of the clinical course in both patients is given. Microscopic examinations of stained blood smears revealed an abnormal size of platelets, the diameter of 80 per cent of platelets was greater than 4.3 ì. The platelet count in both children was normal except the period of haemorrhagic crises. The prolongation of bleeding time and defective prothrombin consumption were the only abnormalities found by means of routine coagulation study. Plasma clotting factors were normal. Platelets were lacking factor 1 and 3 but platelets agglutination, viscous metamorphosis and clot retraction were normal. Two forms of macrothrombocytic thrombopathia were ascertained in the patients family (17 members) by means of microscopic and coagulation studies. The first form (homozygous state) is a platelet anomaly associated with defective prothrombin consumption and bleeding tendency. The second one (heterozygous state) consists in platelet anomaly only. The authors suggest that macrothrombocytic thrombopathia is transmitted as an autosomic and incompletely recessive trait, some abnormalities being detected in heterozygotes. It was suggested that the microscopic examination of platelets in stained blood smears offers the possibilty for detection of heterozygotes.

The pathogenesis and the mechanism of hemostatic defect of macrothrombocytic thrombopathia is briefly discussed.
Effect of Bentonite on Fibrinolytic System in Serum
Authors: Olesen E. S
Published: June 2018

Treatment of serum with bentonite led to a reduced content of inhibitors of trypsin and urokinase in the isoelectrically precipitated euglobulin, and removed fibrinolytic agents and precursors from serum. Bentonite-treated serum added to untreated serum reduced precipitation of the above inhibitors, and presumably also precipitation of inhibitors against a plasminogen activator of serum.

Bentonite-treated serum (whether from pig, ox, guinea-pig, or man), added to untreated guinea-pig serum, produced fibrinolytic activity on isoelectric precipitation of the mixture; the activity of the euglobulin was due to an activator of plasminogen as well as an active protease, probably plasmin. The described effects of bentonite-treated serum are similar to those previously reported for anionic polyelectrolytes. Possible mechanisms are discussed.

The “non-specific” activation of fibrinolytic activity by means of bentonite emphasizes that guinea-pig serum [which is characterized by a high potential for “nonspecific” activation of its fibrinolytic system Olesen (1962)] contains all the elements required for the formation of an activator of plasminogen, and thus the activation of its plasminogen to plasmin.
Proteolytic Digestion of Purified Bovine Prothrombin: Formation of Active Fragments
Authors: Tishkoff Garson H.
Published: June 2018

Purified bovine prothrombin was subjected to proteolysis by a number of highly purified proteinases. Under specified conditions, papain and trypsin degraded prothrombin with the formation of protein fragments. These fragments were still capable of being biologically activated to thrombin by tissue thromboplastin, Factor V and calcium. Extensive enzymatic degradation of the protein moiety was achieved as evidenced by large quantities of peptide and carbohydrate rendered soluble in trichloracetic acid. Digestion of prothrombin with Nagarse, Pronase and plasmin at an identical enzyme-substrate ratio resulted in almost total inactivation of prothrombin although the extent of degradation was similar to that observed with papain. Chymotrypsin resulted in complete inactivation of clotting activities. It was also established that digested prothrombin was associated with the non-dialysable fraction. These and related observations suggest that prothrombin activity may be associated with a polypeptide fragment contained within the parent glycoprotein structure.
Zusammenhänge zwischen Konstitution und Wirkung bei Hemmstoffen der Fibrinolyse
Authors: Lohmann K , Markwardt F , Landmann H
Published: June 2018

Die antifibrinolytische Aktivität der e-Aminocapronsäure ist an ihre freie Aminound Carboxylgruppe und an den Abstand dieser beiden Gruppen voneinander gebunden. Substitutionen an beiden Gruppen oder Veränderungen ihres Abstandes führen zu einer Verminderung der antifibrinolytischen Aktivität. Zyklische Verbindungen sind ebenfalls antifibrinolytisch aktiv, wenn sie eine terminale Aminound Carboxylgruppe in einem entsprechenden Abstand voneinander besitzen. Derartige Verbindungen sind die p-Aminomethylbenzoesäure und ihre hydrierte Form, die 4-Aminomethylcyclohexancarbonsäure-(l), wobei sich die p-Aminomethylbenzoesäure (PAMBA) als die stärkste der bisher bekannten antifibrinolytisch wirksamen Substanzen erwies. Ihre Wirkung beruht auf einer Blockade der Plasminogenaktivierung.
A New Abnormality of Platelet Function
Authors: Bowie E. J. Walter , Thompson John H. , Owen Charles A
Published: June 2018

This report concerns seven patients with thrombopathy, one of whom, a patient with a moderately severe bleeding tendency, exhibited a type of platelet deficiency not previously recorded. There was indirect evidence of platelet insufficiency in the prothrombin consumption test, which was not substantiated by direct examination of platelet function in the thromboplastin generation test. Since no antiplatelet activity could be demonstrated in the plasma, we are proposing the existence of a plasmatic factor which is necessary for the normal function of platelets, a factor lacking in this patient’s plasma.
Self Thromboplastin - Prothrombin Time. A New Test in Hemorrhagic Syndromes and in the Control of Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Berkarda B , Derman U
Published: June 2018

1. A new method where the patients own plasma is clotted by the addition of his own whole blood hemolyzate is described. The hemolyzate here is the thromboplastinic source. The clotting time is recorded and called the Self Thromboplastin-Prothrombin time. This test gives abnormal results in cases with defective intrinsic prothrombin activation. The fact that it is abnormal in hypoproconvertinemia proves that it also reflects deficiencies in extrinsic activation of prothrombin.

2. This test is applicable for screening of hemorrhagic diseases concerning the second, third and fourth stages of coagulation. It can be used in the control of anticoagulant therapy with dicoumarol derivatives and heparin by means of a dilution curve.
Der Einfluß von ÄDTA auf die Blutgerinnung
Authors: Göttinger E , Vinazzer H
Published: June 2018

Es wurde der Einfluß von ÄDTA auf die Blutgerinnung in vitro untersucht. Dabei konnte folgendes festgestellt werden :

1. Wird der ÄDTA-Zusatz zu Vollblut so gewählt, daß dieser das Blutkalzium eben noch blockieren kann, dann ist im Plasma keine andere Gerinnungsstörung nachweisbar.

2. Wird ÄDTA im Überschuß zugesetzt, so erfolgt :

a) eine beträchtliche Verminderung der Fibrinfestigkeit : dieser Vorgang ist durch Zusatz zweiwertiger Metallchloride reversibel,

b) eine rasche und irreversible Zerstörung der Faktoren V und VIII.