bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEG-Glu-PEI-Dexamethasone Conjugates: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Gene Transfer Properties
Authors: Kim Tae Hun , Choi Hye , Yu Gwang Sig , Choi Joon Sig
Published: August 2013

Gene therapy has the ability to treat diseases by delivering exogenous DNA into the nuclei of target cells to express a therapeutic protein. In intravenous gene delivery, free oligonucleotides and DNA are rapidly degraded by serum nucleases in the blood before they can reach the target site. Therefore, the main goal for gene therapy is not just to obtain cellular expression of an exogenous gene per se, but also to develop non-toxic and efficient carriers. Because of its abundant positive surface charges, PEI is able to condense the negatively charged DNA into PEI/DNA complexes with a net positive charge. PEG facilitates the formation of polyplexes with improved solubility, reduced aggregation, lower cytotoxicity, and possibly decreases opsonization with serum proteins in the bloodstream. Also, dexamethasone is the potent ligand of the glucocorticoid receptor which facilitates the transfer into nucleus, and it is known to enlarge the nuclear pore complexes. In this study, PEG-Glu-PEI-Dexa was synthesized as a kind of biodegradable polycation for gene delivery.
The Recovery Effect of the Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein in 2-Hydroxy-Ethyl Methacrylate-Treated Human Dental Pulp Cells
Authors: Kongsaengkaeo Anchana , Chotigeat Wilaiwan , Kedjarune-Leggat Ureporn
Published: August 2013

2-Hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is a major monomer released from resin-base dental restorative materials. This study examined the recovery effect of the Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) after exposed to HEMA. TCTP from banana prawn (Penaeus merguiensis) was cloned and the protein was purified. A real-time cell analyzer was used to evaluate cell survival. The cell suspensions were seeded into an E-plate 96 at 8,000 cells/ well. After 24 hours, HDPCs were treated with 8 mM HEMA mixed in culture medium (alpha modified Eagles medium, α-MEM) for 1 hour before the medium supplemented with TCTP at 0, 100 ng/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml was replaced and left for 23 hours. After that, cells were fed with fresh medium for 72 hours. The cell indexes were monitored every 15 minutes and the 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Real-time xCELLigence impedance analysis indicated that the cell indexes reached to 0 after treated with HEMA for 1 hour. TCTP at 1 μg/ml was significantly (P < 0.05) increased the cell index of HEME-treated HDPCs from 0 to 0.02 and 0.04 after TCTP exposure for 1 hour and 23 hours, respectively. It was suggested that TCTP has an ability to recover the cytotoxic effect of HEMA-treated pulp cells.
Oxygen Cold Plasma Treatment to Improve Hydrophilicity of HDPE Pellets
Authors: Meemusaw Mintra , Magaraphan Rathanawan
Published: August 2013

We demonstrated the environmentally friendly method, Cold Plasma treatment with oxygen plasma gas, in order to introduce the polar groups into non-polar polymer. HDPE pellets were treated with cold plasma under the mixture of plasma gas and air at atmospheric pressure. After that, the treated samples were immediately subjected into the twin-screw extruder. Plasma treatment time, 30 seconds, 1 and 2 minutes, was studied. From the contact angle measurement, all treated samples showed lower contact angle value than the neat HDPE from 96.83° to 80.84° - 84.53° suggesting that the hydrophilicity of all treated samples were improved. The polar part of surface free energy (γsp) of all treated samples increased from the neat HDPE from almost zero to 13.34-21.88 mN/m. ATR-FTIR results confirmed the increasing of γsp value. It was due to the new oxygenated functional groups which were introduced into the non-polar polymer. Lastly, from SEM images, the roughness of cross-sectional area increased after plasma treatment which attributed to the incompatible between the polar component and the non-polar component.
The Study of Using Bio-Filler from Cassava Pulp in Natural Rubber Composites
Authors: Ruangudomsakul Watcharin , Ruksakulpiwat Chaiwat , Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat
Published: August 2013

Cassava pulp (CP) is an inexpensive and broadly available waste by-product from cassava starch production. This by-product is basically constituted of cellulose fiber and residual starch. In this study, cassava pulp was mixed with natural rubber (NR) with various contents using two roll mills to obtain CP/NR composites. Natural rubber grafted glycidyl methacrylate (NR-g-GMA) was used as compatibilizer in CP/NR/NR-g-GMA composites. Sulfur conventional vulcanization was used. The composite specimens were prepared by compression molding. Mechanical properties and morphological properties of composites were investigated. The results showed that tensile strength was significantly increased with increasing content of cassava pulp up to 20 phr. However, when cassava pulp was increased more than 30 phr, tensile strength was slightly decreased. Elongation at break of NR composites was not changed with increasing cassava pulp. The modulus of NR composites was increased with increasing cassava pulp content. Morphological properties of CP/NR composites was elucidated as well.
Cure Characteristics, Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Partially Cured NBR Blended with NR
Authors: Chokcharoenchai Bandith , Kraitape Nontawate , Kattiyaboot Thanapon , Rodsantia Rattiya , Thongpin Chanchai
Published: August 2013

This research is aimed to study the effect of partially cured acrylonitrile butadiene styrene rubber (NBR) blended with natural rubber (NR) and vulcanized with sulfur system. The research started with compounding NBR with zinc chloride, ZnCl2 in an internal mixer. The cure characteristic of the NBR compound was investigated using moving die rheometer (MDR). The compound NBR is then blended in NR at 160 °C. The temperature was then lowered to 50 °C before the addition of sulfur cure additives. Cure characteristic of the rubber blends were investigated and found that the increasing of NBR caused shortened in scorch time. Rubber blends morphology was investigated using SEM. NBR was found dispersed in NR phase. The particle size of dispersed NBR was increased with its content. This is due to high viscosity of NBR and hence larger particles will be obtained. The de-bonding at the interface was shown in SEM micrograph. The compound is then filled with fragrance absorbed fumed silica. The fragrance silica was added during milling of NBR and NR. The releasing behavior of fragrance was found dependent upon NBR/NR ratio.
Anti-Bacterial Efficacies and Discolorations of Polypropylene Doped with HPQM Based Water Solution and Neusilin
Authors: Sributr Ariya , Gitchaiwat Atthapong , Kositchaiyong Apisit , Techangamvong Savaeng , Yamsaengsung Weawboon , Sombatsompop Narongrit
Published: August 2013

2Hydroxypropyl3PiperazinylQuinoline Carboxylic acid Methacrylate (HPQM), as one of the most effective anti-bacterial agents was introduced into polypropylene (PP) for the aim of anti-bacterial improvement. HPQM based water (HPQM-Solution) and HPQM based magnesium aluminometasilicate or Neusilin (HPQM-Neusilin) were supplied in the forms of liquid and solid powder, respectively. Physical appearances by means of discolorations of PP after introducing the HPQM-Solution or Neusilin were also investigated. Halo test and the dynamic shake flask methods accompanying with plate count agar technique were used for quantitative anti-bacterial performance analyzes and the results were reported in terms of radius of inhibition zone and percentage of bacteria reduction. HPQM-Neusilin samples showed obvious and better anti-bacterial performance as compared with the HPQM-Solution samples. The results by dynamic method suggested that the anti-bacterial efficacies of the HPQM-Neusilin samples were three times higher than those of the HPQM-Solution. To achieve the 99.9% of bacteria reduction, the optimum concentration of HPQM-Solution and HPQM-Neusilin required were 7,500 and 2,500 ppm, respectively. The addition of HPQM-Neusilin considerably changed the total color difference (ΔE*), the lightness (L*) and chromatic coordinate values (a* and b* values) of the PP, the effect being less pronounced in the case of HPQM-Solution.
CFRP Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Masonry Infill Walls: A Numerical and Parametric Study
Authors: Akın E. , Özcebe G.
Published: August 2013

The idea of strengthening the existing masonry infill walls of reinforced concrete (RC) frames has attracted many research groups in the last decade. The use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips along the diagonals of infills has become one major technique applied for this purpose. An experimental study conducted by the authors focused on the effect of aspect (height/width) ratio of hollow clay tile infills on the overall response attained by this strengthening methodology. Two different aspect ratios (HCT) were selected in the experimental study. However, a wider range of aspect ratios should also be investigated for design purposes. Therefore, a numerical model of the test frames are developed, which are validated by the experimental response curves. The basics of the numerical model that leads to a parametric study is the subject of this article.
Fabrication of High Resolution Microstructures Using Micro Hot Embossing with a Precision Rapid Tooling
Authors: Kuo Chil Chyuan , Hsu Hsiu Ju
Published: August 2013

Diffractive optical element (DOE) is widely employed to convert light wave fronts in many different applications. This study demonstrated a precision hybrid rapid tooling for manufacturing the DOE. The transcription rate in the rapid tooling manufacturing process is about 92.5%. The transcription rate in the molded part is about 95.1%. Hybrid rapid tooling technology not only reduces the fabrication cost of rapid tooling but also has higher form accuracy and higher thermal conductivity. In comparison with conventional method for fabricating a pair of rapid tooling of a new DOE, a cost reduction of 60.4% can be achieved using a hybrid rapid tooling technology.
Nanoclay Gel for Poly(lactic Acid)/Clay Nanocomposite
Authors: Luecha Wasuthep , Magaraphan Rathanawan
Published: August 2013

Nanoclay gel was prepared using organoclay swollen and dispersed in agar which is the hydrocolloid. Bentonite clay was used for preparation of organoclay with quaternary ammonium salt by cationic exchange method. The organoclays loadings in nanoclay gel were 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%. Results on X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed exfoliation structure and well dispersing developed. Moreover, the application of nanoclay gel as reinforcing filler in polylactic acid (PLA) prepared with melt extrusion process at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 wt%, respectively. The tensile properties and morphologies were observed. The tensile strength and the elongation at break increased with increasing the clay content up to 3 wt% and then slightly decreased at higher clay content. The modulus increased with increasing clay loading. The high degree of dispersion PLA/clay nanocomposites were observed with SEM micrographs.
Toughness and Compatibility Improvement of Thermoplastic Starch/Poly(lactic Acid) Blends
Authors: Tachaphiboonsap Sujaree , Jarukumjorn Kasama
Published: August 2013

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA), produced from renewable resources, is one of the most widely used biodegradable polymers. PLA has high strength and high modulus. However, its brittleness and high cost limit its application. Starch has been used as filler for environmental friendly polymers due to its low cost, biodegradable, and availability as a renewable source. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) is a biodegradable material based on starch. Incorporation of TPS into PLA matrix can reduce material cost and increases its biodegradation rate. However, PLA and TPS form immiscible blend leading to poor mechanical properties of the blend. The compatibility of the blend can be improved by adding compatibilizers. Moreover, in order to improve toughness of the TPS/PLA blend, poly (butylenes adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), is introduced into the blend. In this study, PLA/TPS blends are prepared using an internal mixer and test specimens are molded using a compression molding. TPS is obtained from cassava starch and glycerol at ratio of 70/30 wt%. The ratio of TPS/PLA blend is 10/90 wt%. Poly (lactic acid) grafted maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) is used as a compatibilizer at contents of 3, 5, and 7 phr. PBAT content is 10 wt%. Mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the blends are investigated.
Preparation of “Green” Microcapsules for Corrosion Protection: Linseed Oil Encapsulated PF Microcapsules
Authors: Phanviriyakul Pattamon , Tareelap Napachat , Thavarungkul N. , Nitipanyawong Choochat , Srisukhumbowornchai Nakorn
Published: August 2013

This work aimed to prepare linseed oil encapsulated phenol formaldehyde microcapsules for self-repairing coating in corrosion prevention applications. This coating not only extends service life of the underlying metal which, in turn, prolongs the availability of natural resource but also be an environmental-friendly coating. The microcapsules were prepared through oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) at operating temperature of 65°C. Amount of phenol and formaldehyde were varied at weight (grams) ratios of 3.76:6.49, 4.70:8.10 and 5.64:9.73. Microcapsules obtained at agitation rates of 250 and 600 rpm were in diameter ranges of 200-1000 μm and 25-550 μm, respectively. Amount of phenol and formaldehyde as well as agitation rate were found to correlate with oil storage capability. The larger the amount of phenol and formaldehyde, the less oil leaking presented. In case of agitation rate, differences in agitation rate produced different surface morphologies. At low agitation rate, microcapsules had rough surface but less oil leaking. As a result of oil leaking, agglomeration of microcapsules was observed.
Extraction of Keratins from Human Hair at Low Pressure and their Characterization
Authors: Chaliewsak Jitsopa , Charuchinda Sireerat
Published: August 2013

Keratins are natural proteins that can be found in hair, nails, feathers and horn. Moreover, they could be used as flame retardants for cotton fabrics. Human hairs wastes from salon were discarded in a large amount. The extraction of keratins from human hairs should be claimed as an effective waste management.It is difficult to break disulfide bonds that hold keratins together. The specific solvents used to break these chemical bonds are needed. In this study, keratins were extracted from human hairs using 2.6 M thiourea, 5 M urea and 5% of 2-mercaptoethanol. The effects of temperature, time and pressureon keratin extraction were investigated. The yields of protein extracted were determined bydry weight method. In addition, the chemical composition of keratin was also examined using FTIR. The morphological changes of the hair surface after extraction were examined using anoptical microscope.
Properties of Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex Blended Films with Glycol Penetration Enhancers for Pharmaceutical Applications
Authors: Simchareon Weeraya , Amnuaikit Thanaporn , Boonme Prapaporn , Taweepreda Wirach , Pichayakorn Wiwat
Published: August 2013

The blended film of deproteinized natural rubber latex (DNRL) with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and dibutylphthalate (DBP) provided good properties that suitable for pharmaceutical applications. However, this film had successfully been confirmed in transdermal use only for high skin permeable drugs. In this study, this film was further modified to look forward on the delivery of a low permeable drug. Glycols, one group of chemical penetration enhancer, were investigated to blend in this film in order to enhance the low permeable drug through the skin. Various concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 parts per hundred of rubber (phr)) of ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) were blended with DNRL/HPMC/ DBP mixtures before film construction by solution-casting technique. The modified films were evaluated in thickness, tensile strength, peel strength, tack adhesive, swelling and erosion ratios, moisture uptake, and compatibility. These blended films provided good characters in elasticity, adhesive properties, hydrophilicity, and compatibility. Their thickness could be controlled to be uniform. These new blended films were suitable to use in the further study for low permeable drug delivery through the skin.
Effects of Drying Temperature on the Properties of Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex/Starch Composite Films
Authors: Waiprib Rungtiwa , Boonme Prapaporn , Pichayakorn Wiwat
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of drying temperature on the properties of deproteinized natural rubber latex (DNRL)/starch composite films. These composite films were prepared by simple mixing and then drying at different temperatures of 50, 60 and 70°C. Various parameters such as types (potato, sago, bean, corn, tapioca, rice, and glutinous starches), amounts (5-20 part per hundred of rubber (phr)) and water-dispersed concentrations (5-50%) of starch blended were evaluated. It was found that only some DNRL/starch composite formulations could be prepared as the completely homogeneous films. Drying temperature affected the degree of starch gelatinization that confirmed by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) technique. The DNRL composite films of 20 phr of all 7 starch types could be formed at 50 and 60°C, while those of 20 phr sago, bean, corn, and rice starch could be formed at 70°C. Some of these films were difficult to be the completely dry films at 70°C due to their more degree of gelatinization of starch on the surface films which inhibited the evaporation of water inside the films. However, only some DNRL/starch composites showed the homogeneous film under cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Their compatibilities were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and DSC. Their physical and mechanical properties were further evaluated by the universal testing machine.
Effects of Free Radical Mediator NF-κB Expression Change on Brain in Aging Mice after Various Load Aerobic Training
Authors: Li Xue , Yuan Qiong Jia , Wang Lu
Published: August 2013

ntroduction: This study was to explore the mechanism of exercise induced anti-aging effects on brain at molecular level in mice, which may provide some fundamental evidences for further research in anti-aging in human beings. Methods: 60 male mice (3 month old) were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (group C), exercise group 1-3 (group E1, E2, and E3) with 15 in each group. Group E1 to E3 had swimming exercise at various load (30, 60, and 90min/day for E1, E2 and E3 respectively) for 8 monthes. The subjects were decapitated immediately and gained brain after the last exercise. The amount of SOD and MDA in gastrocnimius were measured by colorimetric method. The expression of NF-κB P50 mRNA and its protein amount were measured by Western-Blot and RT-PCR. Results and Conclusions: 1) NF-κB was sensitive to exercise stimulation and its actitity level was affected by exercise load. 2) The brain improved their anti-oxidization ability due to the adaptable changes of the antioxidant enzymes after long time moderate load aerobic exercise, which sped up the free radical clearance in the brain to reduce its impairment and meanwhile inhibited the activity of NF-κB. This process could be one of the anti-aging machanisms through aerobic exercises. 3) In long time over-load exercise (90 minutes), the free radicals in the brain accumulated and could not be cleared up timely, which would decrease the anti-oxidization ability. This process would activate NF-κB and enhance its expression, which may result in inflammation reactions and cellular dying, therefore speeding the aging process.
Orthogonal Design Study on the Morphology of Electrospun Poly(butylene Succinate-co-Butylene Terephthalate) (PBST) Nanofibers
Authors: Zhang Feng , Sun Xue Feng , Liu Yong
Published: August 2013

A biodegradable co-polymer, Poly (butylene succinate-co-butyene terephthalate) (PBST) was fabricated into nanofibers by electrospinning. A 4-factor 3-level L 9(34) orthogonal experimental design was employed to examine the effects of process parameters on morphologies of PBST nanofibers. The results showed that the weight concentration = 13wt%, the applied voltage = 20kV, the spinning speed = 0.5ml/h, the electrode distance = 10cm and the diameter of needle = 0.7mm were identified as the optimum conditions.
Stored Energy Welding Technology of Ultra-Thin Sheet Stainless Steel
Authors: Zhou Hao Bin , Ma Ju Lian , Xu Xiang Qian
Published: August 2013

Considering the characteristics of the multilayered ultra-thin sheet stainless steel, by chosen the proper equipments and stored energy welding technology, the optimizing welding parameters are got from the condenser discharge spot welding experiments. The energy stored in the capacitor group is controlled by the energy required during welding and the discharge current is controlled by the size of dynamic resistance in resistance spot welding. So those control ways can better solve the hard problem of choosing welding parameter. The joint strength of ultra-thin sheet stainless steel is ensured by the reasonable quality assessment methods. The processed spot-welded joints are of good quality and appearance.
Pathological Electrocardiogram Analysis Based on Symbolic Relative Entropy
Authors: Qiu Jia Kai , Huang Xiao Liang , Chang Su Yi , Wang Yun Xia , Wang Jun
Published: August 2013

In this paper, symbolic relative entropy was used to analyze normal electrocardiogram (ECG), the ECG taken from patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) and Atrial fibrillation (AF). Statistical testing showed that the symbolic relative entropy of normal ECG was distinctly higher than that of CHF while the symbolic relative entropy of CHF was distinctly higher than that of AF. It discoved that symbolic relative entropy can be used to analyze the different pathological ECG which could be used to assisted clinical diagnosis.
Synthesis and Properties of Hybrid Materials for Ion-Exchange and Complexing Membranes
Authors: Pozhidaev Yury , Lebedeva Oksana , Sipkina Evgenya , Chesnokova Alexandra , Ivanov Nikolay
Published: August 2013

Hybrid materials are attractive for a large range of applications from medicine and biotechnology to telecommunication systems and fuel cells. In the present research we have studied sol-gel synthesis of hybrid composites based on carbofunctional organosilicon monomers N,N-bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) thiocarbamide (I) or 2-{[3-(triethoxysilyl) propyamino} pyridine (II), and copolymers of ethylene glycol vinyl glycidyl ether with vinyl chloride.The polymeric materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and IR-spectroscopy. Gel products possess high thermal stability (decomposition temperatures reach 250 °С) and have developed specific surface (to 20 m2g-1).The synthesized composites comprise semi-interpenetrating polymer networks, consisting of three-dimensional and linear polymers that cannot be separated due to the mechanical interlacing of theirs chains. Hybrid composites have a value of sorption capacity for Pt (IV) ions of 70 (I) and 28 (II) mgg-1. Proton conductivity of membranes based on the synthesized composites is characterized by the values 3.52 10-2(I) and 1.19 10-2(II) Scm-1measured at temperature of 25 °C.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sunitinib Analogues to Improve Aqueous Solubility
Authors: Chen Ke Tao , Fang Zheng , Yang Zhao , Guo Kai
Published: August 2013

In order to improve aqueous solubility of Sunitinib, based on the structure-activity relationship, four analogues were designed and synthesized. The obtained structures were identified by1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis.In vitroevaluation of antitumor bioactivity was performed by MTT method. All of synthesized compounds showed antitumor activities, especially, compounds A1, which were better than or equal to the antitumor activity of positive control.
Evaluation of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Diagnosis of Uterus didelphys with Unilateral Imperforate Vagina – Report of 3 Cases with Literature Review
Authors: Gao Ai Hua , Chen Xin , Zhang Hong , Yang Yi , Zhu Jian Bing
Published: August 2013

Uterus didelphys associated with unilateral imperforate vagina is a rare congenital anomaly. Clinically the patients present with nonspecific symptoms, an accurate and whenever possible noninvasive diagnosis is of utmost importance to permit corrective treatment and as little mutilation as possible, and to assure the future fertility of the patient [1, 2]. We report 3 cases and discuss the use of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as a very reliable diagnostic tool in such cases. By characters of MRI, the congenital malformation was detected for these cases and appropriate treatment was implemented.
Research Progress in Preservation of Postharvest Leafy Vegetables
Authors: Chen Xiang Ning , Li Bin Jun , Meng Ling Chuan , Fan Shuang Xi
Published: August 2013

Once leafy vegetables are picked, metabolism and inoculating microbes affect the quality of the products badly. This paper included a brief introduction on the various factors affecting the freshness and shelf-life of leafy vegetables, with 3 types of treatments: antimicrobial gas or washing solutions (ozone, hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, chlorine, electrolyzed oxidizing water, and silver solution), that are broadly applied on post-harvest leafy vegetables that help to reduce both spoilage microorganisms and pathogens.
The Establishment and Application of Three Kinds of the SCID Mouse-Based Improved Animal Models in the Research of AIDS, Chronic Hepatitis B and C
Authors: Xie Dong Liang , He Jun Yao , Wu Yan Ling , Zhang Wen , Tanaka Yoshimasa
Published: August 2013

The SCID mouse (severe combined immunodeficiency mouse) has been used as a small animal model in the analysis of human pathophysiology and preclinical experiment for many years. As the most difficult challenge faced in the research of AIDS, chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C is the lack of appropriate small animal model, researchers have always attempted to develop a series of mouse models based on the improvements of the SCID mouse. This review focuses on the developments and applications of such SCID mouse models in three types of the above chronic infectious diseases.
Isolation and Characterization of an Arthrobacter Strain Producing a Lipase with Lower Alcohol-Tolerance
Authors: Peng Ren , Li Jia Rong , Wang Qi Ming , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2013

Lower alcohol-tolerant lipases have shown potential application for synthesis of biodiesel. AnArthrobacterstrain producing a lipase with lower alcohol-stability was isolated from soils. The crude lipase had stability in the presence of methanol and ethanol. 78% and 85% of the original activity was retained after incubation for 48h in methanol and ethanol at the concentration of 50%.
Study on Esterification Characteristics of TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose
Authors: Tang Ai Min , Wang Kai
Published: August 2013

Oxidized cellulose acetate (OCA) with carboxylic acid group on C-6 position of glucose is a kind of biodegradable functional materials which can be dissolved in organic solvents. First, cellulose was oxidized with TEMPO (2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-piperidyl-1-oxyl) oxidation system, and then OCA was produced via esterification by reacting the oxidized cellulose with acetic anhydride. The influence factors such as carboxylic content of oxidized cellulose, reaction temperature, reaction time, and concentration of acetic anhydride on degree of substitution (DS) of acetyl group and intrinsic viscosity ([η]) of OCA were investigated. The result revealed that the DS of acetyl group can be increased effectively from 2.61 to 2.74 by increasing reaction temperature from 50°C to 80°C, and from 2.58 to 2.72 by prolonging reaction time from 40min to 180min, but the [η] of the product decreased at the same time. An increase in concentration of acetic anhydride led to an increase in DS and [η] of OCA. As the carboxyl content increased from 0.383 mmol/g to 0.797 mmol/g, the DS of acetyl group decreased from 2.81 to 2.73. That result revealed the carboxyl content also has a great influence on the esterification characteristics.
Surface Morphology and Magnetic Properties of CoFe2O4 Thin Films Prepared via Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Rao Wei , Wang Yun Bo , Wang Ye An , Gao Jun Xiong , Zhou Wen Li , Yu Jun
Published: August 2013

The thin films of CoFe2O4 spinel ferrite were prepared on the substrates of monocrystalline silicon(100) at low temperature by means of a developed citrate processing.Structural properties and surface morphology of deposited films were examined using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). XRD patterns of all deposited films consisted of a single phase of cobalt ferrite and they did not have any preferred orientation. FESEM micrographs of CoFe2O4 films showed that the film calcined at 400°C had a surface morphology different from the ones at 700°C and 800°C. The surface morphology of the samples was very different with various alcined temperatures. Magnetic properties measured at room temperature showed that the films did not have any magnetically preferred orientation. The maximum values of the coercivities measured at perpendicular and in-plane directions were 3.873 and 2.70 kOe, respectively.
Study on the Crystallization Behavior of Ge2Sb2Te5 and Silicon Doped Ge2Sb2Te5 Films
Authors: Jiang Yi Fan , Xu Ling , Chen Jing , Zhang Rui , Su Wei Ning , Yu Yao , Ma Zhong Yuan , Xu Jun
Published: August 2013

Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films and Si doped Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films were deposited by electron beam evaporation method. The crystallization behaviors of the films were investigated by using the in situ resistance measurement. Through in situ resistance measurement, the increases of amorphous stability, crystallization rate and crystalline resistivity after Si doping were observed. The promoted nucleation process and the retardation of crystal growth were found in Si doped samples through the calculation of JMAK equation.
Palladium Supported on Functionalized Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Structure and Catalytic Properties in Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions
Authors: Zhang Guo Heng , Wang Pei Yu , Wei Xiu Fang
Published: August 2013

Pd nanoparticles supported in functionalized mesoporous silica were prepared. Mesoporous silica support was modified with [3-(2-aminoethyl aminopropyl)] trimethoxysilane. The functionalized mesoporous silica can be loaded with palladium and the resulting material used as a catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. Highly dispersed and uniform palladium nanoparticles could be detected using transmission electron microscopy. The Pd-SBA-15 nanocomposite exhibits an excellent catalytic activity and low Pd leaching for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.
Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of Ag-Loaded Bi2WO6
Authors: Gao Xiao Ming , Fu Feng , Niu Feng Xing , Zhang Li Ping
Published: August 2013

Ag-loaded Bi2WO6nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by XRD, UV-vis DRS, SEM and BET. The results indicated that it was the orthorhombic phase of Bi2WO6 and showed a markedly blue-shift Compared with pure Bi2WO6. Ag/Bi2WO6photocatalysts exhibited obviously enhanced photocatalysis than pure Bi2WO6 in degrading phenol-containingwastewater under visible light irradiation. The influence of the content of silver on the photocatalyticactivity of Bi2WO6 has been investigated. The resultsrevealed that the significant enhancement of photocatalytic activity can beattributed to the synergetic effects between noble metal and semiconductor component.
Preparation of 3D Honeycomb Basalt Fibers Woven Composites
Authors: Cui Jing Rui , Lv Li Hua , Wang Xiao , Wei Chun Yan , Cui Yong Zhu , Yang Jing
Published: August 2013

The ordinary loom was used to weave different sections of 3D honeycomb fabrics based on the reasonable design of maps and parameters. It could save production cost to ordinary loom used to weave 3D fabrics and controllability of fabrics was good. The fabric was used as enhance phase, 307-3 polyester resin was used as matrix, and VARTM process was used in making 3D honeycomb basalt fibers woven composites. The composites can overcome the shortcomings such as poor integrity, easy to be cracked, low interlaminar strength and easy to be damaged. This study provides theoretical guidance for 3D textile composites.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Phase Change Luminescence Materials
Authors: Shi Qi Song , Cao Lin , Wang Lei , Feng Xiao , Jin Xin Yi , Zhang Ming Cun
Published: August 2013

In this study, a novel phase change material was prepared by coordinating rare earth Tb3+ ions to the carboxylate groups of a poly (ethylene glycol).The properties of the material were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The synthesis and characterization a novel phase change luminescent Tb-PEG/SA material were described in this paper. The result show that this modified PEG material show both good phase change properties and excellent luminescent properties.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Flame Retardant 1,2-Bis (dimelaminium of 1-nitro-3,5-diphospha-4-oxa-3,5-dihydroxy cyclohexane) Ethane and its Application in PP
Authors: Shao Si Chun , Tan Yi Lun , Sun Liu , You Li Hua , Peng Zhi Han
Published: August 2013

In this study, a novel flame retardant 1,2-bis (dimelaminium of 1-nitro-3,5-diphospha-4-oxa-3,5-dihydroxy cyclohexane) ethane (EAPM) was synthesized by ethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonic) acid (EDTMPA) and melamine in two steps. Meanwhile, its molecular structure was determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, 1H-NMR. The thermal properties were characterized by TG and DTG, which indicated the good thermostability of EAPM for processing and the considerable residual char in the final stage of combustion. The fire performance of composites blended by the novel flame retardant and polypropylene waere investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical burning test. The results demonstrated the treated PP with the optimal flame retardant formulation of 15 w% EAPM, 5 w% charring agent and 10 w% MEL-APP was attached with an LOI of 33.3% and UL-94 V-0 rating.
Relationship between Fractal Dimension and Structure of Nonwovens
Authors: Yang Shu
Published: August 2013

The structures of nonwovens are so nonlinear and out-of-order that traditional methods can hardly measure it. There exist several basic parameters to characterize it, such as thickness, grammage, average density and pore characteristics etc.. It is necessary to find one integrated parameter to characterize nonwovens, and fractal approach seems to be a useful tool. In this paper, the fractal dimension is implemented to describe the structure of nonwovens. And then the relationship between the fractal dimension and several basic structural parameters are built up.
The Application of Thermal Analysis to Research on Energetic Materials
Authors: Zhang Tao , Chen Ming Hua , Jia Xiao Biao , Jia Hao Nan , Chen Yong Kang
Published: August 2013

This paper introduces briefly the application of thermal analysis in energetic materials and its importance. Thermal analysis has many advantages: operation is simple and quick, wide fields fit to, the characteristic of the high precision and so on. It plays an important role in the thermal decomposition kinetics of energetic materials, stability and compatibility, and the determination of thermal physical constants.
The Research Status of Spongy Composite in the Wound Dressings
Authors: Liu Chuan Rong , Chen Si Hao , Yang Qiu Jie , Zhou Chao , Huang Da Peng , Zhu Tong He , Ge Shu Yu , Whang Ji Hu , Lou Jian Zhong , Wang Jin Cheng
Published: August 2013

The spongy dressing was widely used in the pharmacy and medicine field. In this paper the classification, preparation and defects of the spongy composite wound dressings based on the literature at domestic and overseas were introduced. The freeze-drying method was commonly used to prepare spongy composites.
Catalytic Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate by Ion Exchange Resin-Supported (NH4)6[MnMo9O32] • 8H2O with Waugh Structure
Authors: Wang Li Xia , Liu Shu Heng , Yuan Hua , Guo Lin Lin
Published: August 2013

Ion exchange resin-supported (NH4)6[MnMo9O32]8H2O with Waugh structure is used to prepare supported solid catalyst. Performance of this catalyst is researched by means of synthesis of isoamyl acetate. Optimal reaction conditions determined by orthogonal experiment are as follows: acid-alcohol molar ratio is 2.5:1, reaction time is 120 min, catalyst dosage is 0.8 g, dosage of water-carrying agent is 2.5 ml, esterification yield reaches 95.1%. This catalyst is characterized by high catalytic efficiency, easy separation and recovery, absence of environmental pollution and being reusable, etc.
Green Preparation of an Environment-Responsive Polymer
Authors: Hou Qian , Zhang Zhao , Yang Ting Ting , Zhang Yan
Published: August 2013

Smart polymers are very important in many fields, such as biochemistry, fine chemicals and functional materials, etc. In this paper, poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm) was prepared by ultrasonics sonochemistry. In the reaction system, the monomer is N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAm), the crosslinker is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and the solvent is tetrahydrofuran (THF). FTIR and UV-Vis were used to investigate the chemical constitution and phase transformation property of PNIPAm. The results show that it is successful to obtain PNIPAm. It has thermosensitivity. And its lower critical solution temperature is found to be 34°C. Therefore, a green preparation method for environment-responsive polymer is presented.
The Composition of Biomass Cushion Packaging Material and the Study of its Influence on Product Performance
Authors: Li Gang , Li Fang Yi , Xie Na , Guan Kai Kai , Liu Peng , Li Jian Feng
Published: August 2013

Nine groups of biomass packaging materials with different formula have been synthesized, which were made up of straw fiber and starch by foaming technique. In order to analysis the influence of main composites on cushion performance, a series of tests were conducted to measure the impact behavior, rebound property and static compression performance of materials. Measuring results show that material impact toughness increases with content of fiber. When the content of plasticizer is 10%, the material impact energy absorption is maximum, when the ratio of active agent and foaming agent is 1:1, a stable foaming process can be obtained, which makes the bubble uniform and increases rebound rate.
Effect Parameters of Ozonation of Dicamba in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Quan Yu Heng , Chen Lan , Song Yan , Zou Dan Dan
Published: August 2013

The ozonation of dicamba in aqueous solution has been investigated in a bubble reactor in laboratory. The overall kinetics involved mass transfer step and reaction step are analyzed through two impact factors such as production percentage of O3 in mixed gas and flow rate of the mixed gas. The experimental results show that ozonation process can effectively degrade dicamba in aqueous solution. The reaction step and mass transfer step are both influenced by the changing of production percentage of O3. k value, the pseudo-first-order rate constant, increases sharply as the production percentage of O3 is rased from 40% to 50%. While the production percentage of O3 is in the range of 50%~70%, the increase of k value is slow. The concentration of O3 in liquid phase reaches an extreme value after the production percentage increases to a certain extent, which resulting in such trend. While the production percentage of O3 is fixed as 70%, k value is not basically affected by the changing of the mixed gas flow rate.
Characteristics of Cr (VI) Adsorption in Aqueous Solution by Wheat Straw
Authors: Peng Li Xiu , Lin Qin Ai
Published: August 2013

The adsorption process of Cr (VI) in aqueous solution on activated carbon prepared by wheat straw was investigated to study the effect factors on adsorption properties. adsorption mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the adsorption performance was influenced by dosage, initial concentration and adsorption time. Adsorption reached equilibrium after 100 min at temperature 25°C. The highest removal efficiency can reach 94%. The results indicated that activated carbon as adsorbent can effectively deal with waste water containing (VI).
Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Fe-Ce-N Tri-Doped TiO2 Catalysts
Authors: Wang Yao Yao , Xie Hong , Zhang Wei , Tang Yu Bin , Chen Fang Yan
Published: August 2013

Fe-Ce-N tri-doped TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method using tetrabutyl titanate as precursor. The optimal doping amount and calcinations temperature were determined. The prepared catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and the photocatalytic activity was evaluated by means of the degradation for methyl orange (MO) under UV light and daylight irradiation. The results indicated that the optimal doping amount was 1.0% N, 0.25% Fe and 0.05% Ce, and the appropriate calcination temperature was 400°C. XRD analysis showed that TiO2 existed in anatase phase completely. UV-Vis adsorption spectrum showed that Fe-Ce-N tri-doping resulted in a intense adsorption in the near UV and visible-light region and a red shift in the adsorption edge from UV range to visible range of 400-500nm. The photocatalytic activity of Fe-Ce-N tri-doped TiO2 under UV and daylight irradiation was very higher than that of bi-doped Fe-Ce-TiO2, Fe-N-TiO2, Ce-N-TiO2 and undoped TiO2. The significantly higher activity of Fe-Ce-N tri-doped TiO2 may be due to the synergetic effect of Fe, Ce and N in the tri-coped TiO2.
Synthesis of Diphenyl Carbonate by Oxidative Carbonylation of Phenol with Pd-Co/Hopcalite
Authors: Guo Hong Xia , Lü Jing De , Wu Hui Qiang , Xiao Shu Juan , Han Jie
Published: August 2013

Hopcalite mixed oxides were used as support of the catalyst for the synthesis of diphenyl carbonate (DPC) by oxidative carbonylation of phenol .The catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray power diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the size of the particles is well-distributed and the physical structure is favorable, which contribute to the reaction efficiently. The main crystal phase in catalyst is CuMn2O4, CoMn2O4 and Pd0.5Pd3O4, and the valency of Mn and Co remains unchanged. Finally, the synthesis of DPC was carried out and it was found that the yield and selectivity could reach 43.5% and 99.6%, respectively.
Environment-Friendly Dry Vibration Refractories Used for Continuous Casting Tundish
Authors: Wei Jun Cong , Tu Jun Bo , Wang Yi Long , Zhang Lian Jin
Published: August 2013

Based on thermal stability research, a binder for dry vibrating refractories was selected. A new environment-friendly dry vibrating refractory was prepared by adopting the selected binder. The permanent linear change, apparent porosity, bulk density, cold crushing strength (CCS) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the specimens were tested by the chinese national standard. The dry vibration refractories were successfully used in the lining material for continuous casting tundish.
PBA/P (MMA-MAH) Core-Shell Particles Toughening Reinforced PA6
Authors: Mei Wen Jie , Xiong Yu Zhu , Liu Zhen Yu , Luo Jin Zhong
Published: August 2013

Polyacrylic acid butyl ester (PBA) / poly (methyl methacrylate - maleic anhydride) [P(MMA-MAH)] was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. We got three core-shell particles of core-shell ratio 2/8,3/7 and 4/6 by the method, and blend them with PA6 in proportion of 5%,10% and 15%. Two-layer structure under the TEM proves the existence of core-shell particles, and the core-shell particles disperse uniformly under the SEM. The core-shell rate is 4/6 and PA6 ratio in the 10%, toughening effect is the best. The impact strength and tensile strength increase by 187% and 13.8% respectively, showing the unique nature of the core-shell particles.
The Preparation and Sunlight Activity of Nanocomposite Photocatalysts for Degradation of Methyl Orange Solution
Authors: Duan Li Mei , Liu Jing Hai , Xu Xiu Ting , Xu Ling , Liu Zong Rui
Published: August 2013

Applying one-step solvothermal synthesis method, different CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite materials are obtained by changing the ratio of sulfur and titanium sources. The composite structure and morphology are determined by XRD and TEM. Taking the degradation of methyl orange solution as a model reaction, the photocatalytic activity of CdS/TiO2 composite materials is investigated. The results show that the amount of CdS in composite photocatalyst has great effects on the degradation efficiency of methyl orange under the irradiation of sunlight, and the lower pH of reaction system is also needed to sustain the high degradation efficiency for methyl orange.
The Study of Denitration and Mercury Removal from Flue Gas by Biomass Semi-Coke Absorbents
Authors: Tang Chu Yang , Wang Sheng Chun
Published: August 2013

The biomass of rice straw was chosen to prepare the biomass semi-cokes which are characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The influence of biomass semi-cokes activity on pore structure and surface properties of the semi-cokes was investigated. Denitration and mercury removal experiments were carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The results show that the active biomass semi-cokes have more specific surface area and micro-pore volume than the biomass semi-cokes. It has direct relationship between the NO and mercury adsorption capacity. It is supposed that oxygen-containing functional and basic groups may have dominant effect on the mercury removal from the glue gas.
Color Removal from Dyeing Wastewater by the Polymer of Epichlorohydrin-Ethylenediamine
Authors: Sun Cui Zhen , Zhang Xiao Rui , Zhang Zhi Bin , Zhang Yan Hao
Published: August 2013

A new polymer of epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine was obtained by suspension polycondensation of ethylenediamine with epichlorohydrin. The color removal performance and mechanism of the polymer in the treatment of synthetic reactive dyes wastewater was investigated, and in comparison with polymeric aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC). The results showed that epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine achieved higher color removal efficiency, and its adsorption-bridging and electric neutralization ability playedimportant roles in the flocculation process.
RemoVal of As (V) from Drinking Water by Attapulgite Loaded with Fe (III) Adsorbent
Authors: Zhang Wan Ping , Xu Hong Bo , Wang Jian , Wang Jing , Wang Bing Bing
Published: August 2013

An effective adsorbent for the removal of arsenate from aqueous system was synthesized by loading ferrihydrite on attapulgite (ATP). The effects of various parameters such as heat modified temperature and particle size of ATP, Fe (III) concentrations, adsorbent dosage, solution pH on the removal rate of arsenate were assessed. The results showed that 600 °C modified ATP loaded with Fe (III) sorbent had better arsenate removal efficiency than 200 °C and 400 °C modified ATP. The removal efficiency of As (V) increased significantly with decreasing the particle size of ATP. Arsenate was effectively adsorbed by ATP loaded with Fe (III) sorbent in the pH range of 57. Equilibrium data of arsenic adsorption fitted perfect with Langmuir isotherm model. The removal rate of As (V) by ATP loaded with Fe (III) sorbent was 95.8% at the optimal conditions from drinking water. The results showed that ATP loaded with Fe (III) sorbent can be used for the arsenate removal from aqueous system.