bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Cerebral Plasmacytoma: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar Arun , Nayak Biswaranjan , Krishnamurthy Balappa Holeppagol , Patro Sushant Kumar , Sahoo Prafulla Kumar
Published: August 2019

Solitary craniocerebral plasmacytoma is the least common form of extramedullary solitary plasmacytoma (SP). Cerebral SP is very rare. The world literature counts only seven intracranial cases. The authors report a case of cerebral tumor of SP in a 52-year-old female who presented to a hospital with headache and difficulty in walking for 6 months. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) brain showed left occipital intracranial space occupying lesions (ICSOL) of size 26 mm × 14 mm adjacent to superior sagittal sinus with disproportionate perilesional edema and midline shift toward the right. She underwent gross total tumor excision with left fronto-temporo-parietal decompressive craniectomy. Microscopic sections showed highly cellular tumor infiltrating white matter and gray matter. Histopathology revealed plasmacytoma. These plasma cells were seen infiltrating the adjoining brain parenchyma. Immunohistochemistry study showed the following pattern of antigens: most of the cells were negative to CD138 antibody, and majority of cells were positive (++ to +++) to CD56 antibody, more groups of cells were positive to lambda antibody than KAPPA. Bone marrow biopsy showed only 1% polyclonal plasma cells. Whole body bone scan showed no evidence of any osteoblastic skeletal metastasis. The patient recovered well, and cranioplasty was done after 6 weeks.

Conclusion Cerebral SP is rarely found in clinical practice and if diagnosed properly can save patients life. This case report would definitely address many unexplored facts about cerebral SP and set milestone in the field of clinical research.
Mechanism of sub-nanosecond pulsed breakdown of pressurized nitrogen
Authors: Levko Dmitry
Published: August 2019

The mechanism of subnanosecond pulsed breakdown of nitrogen at the pressure in the range of 5–40 atm is analyzed using the Particle-in-Cell Monte Carlo collision model in the plane geometry. It is assumed that the primary electrons appear in the gap due to the field emission. It is obtained that the field-emitted electrons are only responsible for the generation of initial plasma, which transforms into the fast ionization wave. It is shown that the wave propagation to the anode does not depend on the electron emission. It is obtained that the discharge develops through the slow and fast stages. The first stage is the conventional fast ionization wave. The fast stage starts when the electric field between the ionization wave plasma and the anode starts exceeding the critical electric field necessary for runaway electrons generation. It is shown that the generation of these electrons changes drastically both the temporal and spatial discharge dynamics.
NaSbSe2 as a promising light-absorber semiconductor in solar cells: First-principles insights
Authors: Dai Chen-Min , Xu Peng , Huang Menglin , Cai Zeng-Hua , Han Dan , Wu Yuning , Chen Shiyou
Published: August 2019

NaSbSe2 has recently shown great potential to be a light-absorber semiconductor in thin-film solar cells. Our first-principles calculations show that NaSbSe2 has a quasi-direct bandgap (1.11 eV indirect vs 1.18 eV direct gap), which is beneficial for increasing the lifetime of minority carriers. The optical absorption coefficient is high (exceeding 10−4 cm−1 for visible light) because of the direct band-edge transition from the (Sb-5s/5p + Se-4p) valence band to (Sb-5p + Se-4p) conduction band. The formation of the dominant acceptor defects such as NaSb, VNa, and VSb makes it difficult to dope NaSbSe2 to n-type, and thus, only the intrinsic p-type conductivity has been observed. Se-rich conditions are found to produce high concentration of hole carriers and low concentration of recombination-center defects, so we propose that the Se-rich conditions should be adopted for fabricating high efficiency NaSbSe2 solar cells. Furthermore, the mixed-anion NaSb(S,Se)2 alloys are predicted to be highly miscible with a low formation enthalpy and a low miscibility temperature (below room temperature), and their bandgaps can be tuned almost linearly from 1.1 to 1.6 eV, covering the optimal bandgap range for single-junction solar cells. Therefore, we propose that alloying provides a promising method for optimizing the performance of NaSbSe2-based solar cells.
A fractional-order approach for transient creeping flow of spheres
Authors: Buonocore Salvatore , Sen Mihir , Semperlotti Fabio
Published: August 2019

We provide experimental observations of power-law temporal response for spheres in the transient regime of a Stokes flow under the effect of gravity. The analysis of the fundamental physical mechanism leading to this unexpected behavior is performed via the fractional order solution of the Basset problem proposed in 1995 by Mainardi et al. [Proc. CANCAM 95(2), 836–837 (1995)]. In this study, the original solution was slightly modified via the introduction of non-dimensional parameters in order to account for the concurrent effects of inertial and viscous forces under the long transient regime. The solution correlates well with the obtained experimental results not only for small solid spheres (where the Stokes flow regime applies) but also for larger spheres. Results suggest that, during the transient response, memory effects may lead to the occurrence of a force (a generalized Basset force) that causes the observed anomalous diffusive dynamics and which is ultimately responsible for the discrepancy between experimental observations and classical Stokes solutions.
In vivo evidence for a regulatory role of phosphorylation of
Arabidopsis
Rubisco activase at the Thr78 site
Authors: Kim Sang Yeol , Harvey Christopher M. , Giese Jonas , Lassowskat Ines , Singh Vijayata , Cavanagh Amanda P. , Spalding Martin H. , Finkemeier Iris , Ort Donald R. , Huber Steven C.
Published: August 2019

Arabidopsis
Rubisco activase (Rca) is phosphorylated at threonine-78 (Thr78) in low light and in the dark, suggesting a potential regulatory role in photosynthesis, but this has not been directly tested. To do so, we transformed an
rca
-knockdown mutant largely lacking redox regulation with wild-type Rca-β or Rca-β with Thr78-to-Ala (T78A) or Thr78-to-Ser (T78S) site–directed mutations. Interestingly, the T78S mutant was hyperphosphorylated at the Ser78 site relative to Thr78 of the Rca-β wild-type control, as evidenced by immunoblotting with custom antibodies and quantitative mass spectrometry. Moreover, plants expressing the T78S mutation had reduced photosynthesis and quantum efficiency of photosystem II (ϕ
PSII
) and reduced growth relative to control plants expressing wild-type Rca-β under all conditions tested. Gene expression was also altered in a manner consistent with reduced growth. In contrast, plants expressing Rca-β with the phospho-null T78A mutation had faster photosynthetic induction kinetics and increased ϕ
PSII
relative to Rca-β controls. While expression of the wild-type Rca-β or the T78A mutant fully rescued the slow-growth phenotype of the
rca-
knockdown mutant grown in a square-wave light regime, the T78A mutants grew faster than the Rca-β control plants at low light (30 µmol photons m
−2
s
−1
) and in a fluctuating low-light/high-light environment. Collectively, these results suggest that phosphorylation of Thr78 (or Ser78 in the T78S mutant) plays a negative regulatory role in vivo and provides an explanation for the absence of Ser at position 78 in terrestrial plant species.
Metamaterial architecture from a self-shaping carnivorous plant
Authors: La Porta Caterina A. M. , Lionetti Maria Chiara , Bonfanti Silvia , Milan Simone , Ferrario Cinzia , Rayneau-Kirkhope Daniel , Beretta Mario , Hanifpour Maryam , Fascio Umberto , Ascagni Miriam , De Paola Larissa , Budrikis Zoe , Schiavoni Mario , Falletta Ermelinda , Caselli Alessandro , Chepizhko Oleksandr , Tuissi Ausonio , Vailati Alberto , Zapperi Stefano
Published: August 2019

Significance

Understanding how carnivorous plants actuate leaf motion to capture their preys is an intriguing problem with potential applications for bio-inspired materials. Here, we show that bending ofDrosera capensisleaves is programmed into its asymmetric cellular architecture and actuated by the action of growth hormones. A similar strategy can be exploited to design shape-changing metamaterials converting homogeneous stimuli into an asymmetric response.
Phenotypical microRNA screen reveals a noncanonical role of CDK2 in regulating neutrophil migration
Authors: Hsu Alan Y. , Wang Decheng , Liu Sheng , Lu Justice , Syahirah Ramizah , Bennin David A. , Huttenlocher Anna , Umulis David M. , Wan Jun , Deng Qing
Published: August 2019

Neutrophil migration is essential for inflammatory responses to kill pathogens; however, excessive neutrophilic inflammation also leads to tissue injury and adverse effects. To discover novel therapeutic targets that modulate neutrophil migration, we performed a neutrophil-specific microRNA (miRNA) overexpression screen in zebrafish and identified 8 miRNAs as potent suppressors of neutrophil migration. Among those,
miR-199
decreases neutrophil chemotaxis in zebrafish and human neutrophil-like cells. Intriguingly, in terminally differentiated neutrophils,
miR-199
alters the cell cycle-related pathways and directly suppresses cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), whose known activity is restricted to cell cycle progression and cell differentiation. Inhibiting Cdk2, but not DNA replication, disrupts cell polarity and chemotaxis of zebrafish neutrophils without inducing cell death. Human neutrophil-like cells deficient in CDK2 fail to polarize and display altered signaling downstream of the formyl peptide receptor. Chemotaxis of primary human neutrophils is also reduced upon CDK2 inhibition. Furthermore,
miR-199
overexpression or CDK2 inhibition significantly improves the outcome of lethal systemic inflammation challenges in zebrafish. Our results therefore reveal previously unknown functions of
miR-199
and CDK2 in regulating neutrophil migration and provide directions in alleviating systemic inflammation.
Disease-associated mutations hyperactivate KIF1A motility and anterograde axonal transport of synaptic vesicle precursors
Authors: Chiba Kyoko , Takahashi Hironori , Chen Min , Obinata Hiroyuki , Arai Shogo , Hashimoto Koichi , Oda Toshiyuki , McKenney Richard J. , Niwa Shinsuke
Published: August 2019

Significance

Anterograde axonal transport supplies organelles and protein complexes throughout axonal processes to support neuronal morphology and function. It has been observed that reduced anterograde axonal transport is associated with neuronal diseases. In contrast, here we show that particular disease-associated mutations in KIF1A, an anterograde axonal motor for synaptic vesicle precursors, induce hyperactivation of KIF1A motor activity and increased axonal transport of synaptic vesicle precursors. Our results advance the existing knowledge of the regulation of motor proteins in axonal transport and provide insight into the cell biology of motor neuron diseases.
Predictive shifts in free energy couple mutations to their phenotypic consequences
Authors: Chure Griffin , Razo-Mejia Manuel , Belliveau Nathan M. , Einav Tal , Kaczmarek Zofii A. , Barnes Stephanie L. , Lewis Mitchell , Phillips Rob
Published: August 2019

Mutation is a critical mechanism by which evolution explores the functional landscape of proteins. Despite our ability to experimentally inflict mutations at will, it remains difficult to link sequence-level perturbations to systems-level responses. Here, we present a framework centered on measuring changes in the free energy of the system to link individual mutations in an allosteric transcriptional repressor to the parameters which govern its response. We find that the energetic effects of the mutations can be categorized into several classes which have characteristic curves as a function of the inducer concentration. We experimentally test these diagnostic predictions using the well-characterized LacI repressor of
Escherichia coli
, probing several mutations in the DNA binding and inducer binding domains. We find that the change in gene expression due to a point mutation can be captured by modifying only the model parameters that describe the respective domain of the wild-type protein. These parameters appear to be insulated, with mutations in the DNA binding domain altering only the DNA affinity and those in the inducer binding domain altering only the allosteric parameters. Changing these subsets of parameters tunes the free energy of the system in a way that is concordant with theoretical expectations. Finally, we show that the induction profiles and resulting free energies associated with pairwise double mutants can be predicted with quantitative accuracy given knowledge of the single mutants, providing an avenue for identifying and quantifying epistatic interactions.
Hopanoid lipids may facilitate aerobic nitrogen fixation in the ocean
Authors: Cornejo-Castillo Francisco M. , Zehr Jonathan P.
Published: August 2019

Cyanobacterial diazotrophs are considered to be the most important source of fixed N
2
in the open ocean. Biological N
2
fixation is catalyzed by the extremely O
2
-sensitive nitrogenase enzyme. In cyanobacteria without specialized N
2
-fixing cells (heterocysts), mechanisms such as decoupling photosynthesis from N
2
fixation in space or time are involved in protecting nitrogenase from the intracellular O
2
evolved by photosynthesis. However, it is not known how cyanobacterial cells limit O
2
diffusion across their membranes to protect nitrogenase in ambient O
2
-saturated surface ocean waters. Here, we explored all known genomes of the major marine cyanobacterial lineages for the presence of hopanoid synthesis genes, since hopanoids are a class of lipids that might act as an O
2
diffusion barrier. We found that, whereas all non−heterocyst-forming cyanobacterial diazotrophs had hopanoid synthesis genes, none of the marine
Synechococcus
,
Prochlorococcus
(non−N
2
-fixing), and marine heterocyst-forming (N
2
-fixing) cyanobacteria did. Finally, we conclude that hopanoid-enriched membranes are a conserved trait in non−heterocyst-forming cyanobacterial diazotrophs that might lower the permeability to extracellular O
2
. This membrane property coupled with high respiration rates to decrease intracellular O
2
concentration may therefore explain how non−heterocyst-forming cyanobacterial diazotrophs can fix N
2
in the fully oxic surface ocean.
Recurrent convergent evolution at amino acid residue 261 in fish rhodopsin
Authors: Hill Jason , Enbody Erik D. , Pettersson Mats E. , Sprehn C. Grace , Bekkevold Dorte , Folkvord Arild , Laikre Linda , Kleinau Gunnar , Scheerer Patrick , Andersson Leif
Published: August 2019

The evolutionary process that occurs when a species colonizes a new environment provides an opportunity to explore the mechanisms underlying genetic adaptation, which is essential knowledge for understanding evolution and the maintenance of biodiversity. Atlantic herring has an estimated total breeding stock of about 1 trillion (10
12
) and has colonized the brackish Baltic Sea within the last 10,000 y. Minute genetic differentiation between Atlantic and Baltic herring populations at selectively neutral loci combined with this rapid adaptation to a new environment facilitated the identification of hundreds of loci underlying ecological adaptation. A major question in the field of evolutionary biology is to what extent such an adaptive process involves selection of novel mutations with large effects or genetic changes at many loci, each with a small effect on phenotype (i.e., selection on standing genetic variation). Here we show that a missense mutation in
rhodopsin
(Phe261Tyr) is an adaptation to the red-shifted Baltic Sea light environment. The transition from phenylalanine to tyrosine differs only by the presence of a hydroxyl moiety in the latter, but this results in an up to 10-nm red-shifted light absorbance of the receptor. Remarkably, an examination of the rhodopsin sequences from 2,056 species of fish revealed that the same missense mutation has occurred independently and been selected for during at least 20 transitions between light environments across all fish. Our results provide a spectacular example of convergent evolution and how a single amino acid change can have a major effect on ecological adaptation.
Chemoptogenetic damage to mitochondria causes rapid telomere dysfunction
Authors: Qian Wei , Kumar Namrata , Roginskaya Vera , Fouquerel Elise , Opresko Patricia L. , Shiva Sruti , Watkins Simon C. , Kolodieznyi Dmytro , Bakkenist Christopher J. , Bruchez Marcel P. , Van Houten Bennett
Published: August 2019

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in aging, inflammation, and cancer. Mitochondria are an important source of ROS; however, the spatiotemporal ROS events underlying oxidative cellular damage from dysfunctional mitochondria remain unresolved. To this end, we have developed and validated a chemoptogenetic approach that uses a mitochondrially targeted fluorogen-activating peptide (Mito-FAP) to deliver a photosensitizer MG-2I dye exclusively to this organelle. Light-mediated activation (660 nm) of the Mito-FAP–MG-2I complex led to a rapid loss of mitochondrial respiration, decreased electron transport chain complex activity, and mitochondrial fragmentation. Importantly, one round of singlet oxygen produced a persistent secondary wave of mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide lasting for over 48 h after the initial insult. By following ROS intermediates, we were able to detect hydrogen peroxide in the nucleus through ratiometric analysis of the oxidation of nuclear cysteine residues. Despite mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and nuclear oxidative stress induced by dysfunctional mitochondria, there was a lack of gross nuclear DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. Targeted telomere analysis revealed fragile telomeres and telomere loss as well as 53BP1-positive telomere dysfunction-induced foci (TIFs), indicating that DNA double-strand breaks occurred exclusively in telomeres as a direct consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. These telomere defects activated ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-mediated DNA damage repair signaling. Furthermore, ATM inhibition exacerbated the Mito-FAP–induced mitochondrial dysfunction and sensitized cells to apoptotic cell death. This profound sensitivity of telomeres through hydrogen peroxide induced by dysregulated mitochondria reveals a crucial mechanism of telomere–mitochondria communication underlying the pathophysiological role of mitochondrial ROS in human diseases.
Adjectives in Spanish/English code-switching
Authors: Balam Osmer , Parafita Couto María del Carmen
Published: August 2019

The current study investigates DP-internal adjectives in Spanish/English code-switching (CS). Specifically, we analyze two concomitant phenomena that have been previously investigated; namely, the distributional frequency and placement of adjectives in mixed determiner phrases (DPs). A total of 1680 DPs (477 monolingual Spanish and 1203 Spanish/English DPs), extracted from sociolinguistic interviews with 62 consultants from Northern Belize, were quantitatively examined. This paper is the first of its kind to examine adjectives in the innovative Spanish/English CS variety of Northern Belize, an understudied context where bilingual CS has thrived among younger generations. The distributional and statistical analyses revealed that the avoidance of Spanish attributive adjectives and overt gender marking is a distinguishing characteristic of mixed DPs but not monolingual Spanish DPs, a finding that supportsOtheguy and Lapidus’ (2003)adaptive simplification hypothesis. In terms of adjective placement, both the Matrix Language Frame model and the Minimalist approach to CS were able to account for mixed noun-adjective DPs, with the exception of a few cases that could only be predicted by the former model. The present analysis highlights the pivotal role that simplification and convergence play in code-switchers’ optimization of linguistic resources in bi/multilingual discourse.
Setting aside mood-biased thoughts and judgements: theory-based bias correction / Apartar las opiniones y los pensamientos sesgados por el estado de ánimo: la corrección del sesgo basada en teoría
Authors: Chien Yi-Wen , Hsiao Chung-Chiang , Wegener Duane T. , Petty Richard E.
Published: August 2019

When people perceive their thoughts and judgements as unduly affected by some biasing factor (in themselves or in the judgement setting), they often attempt to avoid or remove those biases. Theories describe different psychological mechanisms guiding these efforts. We review the primary theories of bias correction and focus on the use of naive theories of bias in attempts to form accurate assessments of judgement targets. One distinguishing feature of the theory-based correction approach is its ability to deal with corrections for contrastive biases (i.e., biases that lead judgements in a direction opposite to the meaning of the biasing factor). Another is that any perceived biasing factor can result in corrections, even when those factors are not easily mapped into the kinds of mental representation mechanisms that form the heart of alternative approaches. We use corrections for mood-based biases to illustrate the utility of the theory-based correction approach, even though many mood-based biases can be conceptualized in ways that fit alternative approaches to bias correction. Implications for correction of many potential types of biases are discussed.
Effect of current density on Ni-Mo electrodeposition using EMIM [Br]
Authors: Jesmani Seyed Mohammad , Amini Rasool , Abdollah-Pour Hassan , Mohammadian-Semnani Hamidreza
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the current density impact on the Ni-Mo electrodeposit and on its catalytic activity of methanol oxidation in an alkaline solution. For this purpose, Ni-Mo coatings with good electrocatalytic properties were achieved by electrodeposition in the modified Watts bath containing 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide (EMIM [Br]) ionic liquid. The results showed that a 1–6 A dm−2 increase in the current density could decline the Mo content in the Ni-Mo/Ni coatings. The XRD patterns demonstrate that an amorphous coating formed with increasing the current density. Moreover, it was found that the catalytic performance of Ni-Mo coatings was significantly enhanced in the presence of methanol. Based on the obtained results, the Ni-Mo coating obtained at the current density of 3.5 A dm−2 and in the presence of EMIM [Br] showed a higher anodic current density, lower onset oxidation potential, and better catalytic performance.
Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of quantum secure imaging based on quantum key distribution
Authors: Zhao Yi-Bo , Zhang Wan-Li , Wang Dong , Song Xiao-Tian , Zhou Liang-Jiang , Ding Chi-Biao
Published: August 2019

We present a quantum secure imaging (QSI) scheme based on the phase encoding and weak+vacuum decoy-state BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution (QKD). It allows us to implement a computational ghost imaging (CGI) system with more simplified equipment and reconstructed algorithm by using a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) to preset the specific spatial distribution of the light intensity. What is more, the quantum bit error rate (QBER) and the secure key rate analytical functions of QKD are used to see through the intercept-resend jamming attacks and ensure the authenticity of the imaging information. In the experiment, we obtained the image of the object quickly and efficiently by measuring the signal photon counts with a single-photon detector (SPD), and achieved a secure key rate of 571.0 bps and a secure QBER of 3.99%, which is well below the lower bound of QBER of 14.51%. Besides, our imaging system uses a laser with invisible wavelength of 1550 nm, whose intensity is as low as single-photon, that can realize weak-light imaging and is immune to the stray light or air turbulence, thus it will become a better choice for quantum security radar against intercept-resend jamming attacks.
The Spatial Pattern of Dengue Fever Risk in Semarang City
Authors: Widjonarko  , Rudiarto I
Published: August 2019

The city of Semarang has a high level of hazard and vulnerability to Dengue Fever disaster. Socio-economic conditions and low of hygienic and healthy living behavior lead to low adaptability to dengue fever disaster. Empirical facts show that the incidence of dengue fever disease occurs in areas which has low socioeconomic levels, poor of built environmental conditions and low of hygienic and healthy behavior which are mostly located in the northern part of Semarang City. The high level of hazard and vulnerability as well as the low adaptive capacity causes the dengue fever disasters in the northern part of Semarang City is always high, the periphery which has a better socioeconomic conditions and lower of population density has a lower risk of dengue fever.
Mapping of Studentification Process in Tembalang Higher Education Area
Authors: Dewi S P , Ristianti N S , Debby T R
Published: August 2019

The development of the University of Diponegoro as one of the biggest universities in Indonesia is signed by the increasing of the students’ number. The increasing of this students’ number has also been followed by the rising of students’ rooms demand and all of students’ facilities. These students resided in the settled settlement that inhabited by the Tembalang’s local community. As a consequence, their existence influences the local community and shapes the neighbourhood differently. Then, it causes the studentification process. Studentification is a process which presence of the students replaces the local community and influences the neighbourhood both in physical and social economic aspect. The identification of studentification in Tembalang was conductedby in-depth interview and field observation. Analysis showed that studentification in Tembalang included as the third wave studentification that signed by a great students’ movement along with campus centralization in Tembalang and many private landlords that invested in boarding house business. Competition to provide the boarding house between the local community, private investors (individual), students’flat, and a private students’ apartment made the existence of local community more pressed.
The Existence of Subak inside the Northern Kuta Tourism Area, Bali
Authors: Sunarta I N , Adikampana I M , Nugroho S
Published: August 2019

Subak recognized as traditional Balinese agricultural institution based on local water management. The existence of subak determines the sustainability of tourism development in Bali. However, there are concerns that the development of the tourism would have an impact on the subak particularly located in the tourism area. The objective of this article is to understand the existence of subak in Northern Kuta Tourism Area. The spatial approach adopted to determine the spatial change that occurs from agriculture to tourism. Based on the spatial analysis with GIS application, interview, and observation can be addressed the spatial change caused by the penetration of accommodation development, tourism amenity, accessibility, and communal facility. Such circumstances occur due to the increasingly limited tourism space in the center of the tourism area or tourism business district (TBD) such as Kuta Beach and Legian. That spatial change indicates the tendency of socio-cultural shifting of the local community around Northern Kuta Tourism Area from agriculture to sub-urban characteristic, thus affecting the existence of subak as the last bastion of the sustainable cultural tourism development in Bali.
Secondary City and TOD Concept in the Light Rail Transit (LRT) Development to the Sustainable Transportation
Authors: Ismiyati I
Published: August 2019

Secondary city and several apartment developments in big cities in Indonesia both in secondary city and central city are the government’s effort in anticipating the society explosion in big city and the residence’s space need. But, with the ease access to the big city, it makes the satellite city to be more developed; inhabitant prefers to live in satellite city then works in big city. Those conditions will change the trip pattern and uprising the society movement from satellite city to central city. Suitable to what have said that in the developing country, life style will affecting the mobility, so with the ease of access and lot of private vehicle usage will add the road burden, where the impacts are traffic jam and lot of pollution in independent city and central city surrounding it. This study aims 1) to identify the characteristics and trip pattern of the study area, 2) to analyze the implementation of TOD concept in LRT development in the cities which have satellite city in Indonesia where the case study in Semarang city. Method in this study was performed using descriptive explorative and quantitative by simulating demand potential using TOD concept and after the LRT development. This study concludes that in the cities which have satellite city, TOD concept in LRT development will make a sustainable transportation and by using TOD concept in LRT development will change society life style.
Evaluation of Land Suitability of Horticultural Crops in Sembalun Sub-district, East Lombok Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Mayanda D P , Ratna Adi I G P , Kusmiyarti T B
Published: August 2019

This research aims to discover the data of land characteristic/quality, land suitability, limited factor, and improvement effort, directives of use and map of suitability for horticultural crops. The crops that are evaluated include red chili, onions, garlic, oranges, and apples. The selection of commodities is based on fluctuating production data, them are superior plant, and has a good market price. This research was conducted in November 2017 until January 2018 in Sembalun Lawang Village and Sembalun Bumbung Village, Sembalun Sub-district East Lombok Regency. Soil analysis was conducted in Soil Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Udayana Universit. It was analyzed using GIS modelling. Obtained six units homogeneous of land based on the result overlapped type of soil, land used and slopes, that is SBAISw, SBAIITg, SBAIVTg, SLHISw, SLHIITg, and SLHIVTg. The Land suitability assessment based on criteria requirements grew from Ritung et al., matchs with land characteristic/quality [1]. The result showed that the actual suitability class of land for horticultural crops was appropriate (S2) until they were not appropriate (N). Limited factors in the research area among others temperaturee (tc), rainfall (wa1), long dry months (wa), drainage (oa), textures (rc1), CEC (nr1), N-Total (na1), P2O5 (na2), slopes (eh1), and the dangers of erosion (eh2). Improvement of land suitability class can be done with improvement effort except temperaturee, long dry months and texture because they are permanent divider. Giving organic materials can improve soil physical and chemical properties. Slopes and the dangers of erosion can be improved by conservation tehcniques such as terracing. Class of potential land suitability was appropriate (S2) until they were marginal appropriate (S3). Land use of recommendations on SBAISw, SLHISw, and SBAIITg land are red chilli, garlic, and onion. SLHIITg, SBAIVTg, and SLHIVTg recommended for red chili, orange and apple crops based on agro-ecosystem, agroeconomic, and field observation.
Mapping of Land Use Shifting in Tourism Area of Lake Toba, Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga I N , Sejati A W , Muktiali M , Rahayu S
Published: August 2019

Lake Toba has become a priority destination since it was designated as a National Tourism Strategic Tourism (KSPN) one of which is the village of Tomok. This study aims to analyze the influence of Lake Toba as a National Tourism Strategic Area on changes in land use and the economy of the local community of Tomok Village using GIS modeling. This research uses quantitative descriptive method with descriptive statistical analysis, before-after analysis and interpretation of satellite imagery. The results of this study are that the Lake Toba program as KSPN affects the economy of the local community of Tomok Village. Society experiences changes in income levels, shifts in basic work and the creation of basic and side jobs. Changes in the highest level of income occurred in hotel / lodging businesses, which previously amounted to 4,000,000- 6,500,000 IDR, which increased to 10,000,000 IDR. Then, there was a shift in the main work in the agricultural business sector to become the hotel manager and souvenir trader, the souvenir trader became the owner of an inn and the grocery store owner became a souvenir trader. In addition, there is the creation of basic jobs and side jobs. People who previously did not have a basic job became hotel employees as many as 5 people and food stall owners as many as 3 people. In shifting side jobs, the dominant community that previously did not have side jobs. After 2014, the local community chose to work side by side to increase income. Side jobs that arise are farmers, restaurant owners and souvenir traders. Then land use changes that occur are not significant but the change in the function of buildings from residential to commercial buildings is very large. The land that has changed is the transfer of Tomok Ferry Port to empty land which is now the center of trade and services.
Utilization of the Geography Information System to Support Business Enterprises Site Planning of Defense Industry
Authors: Supriyadi A A. , Rizky F , Rahmawati N , Adhitya Rs I , Manessa MDM , Gultom R A.G.
Published: August 2019

Lampung Province especially Tanggamus District has been planned as the area for the development of Indonesia defense industry, namely Navy Shipyard Inc. (PT. PAL), Indonesian Aerospace Inc. (PT Dirgantara Indonesia), and Pindad Inc. Base on Indonesia national plan, Lampung Province also have a future planning as a Maritime Industrial Area. To support in deciding the site planning in the region, this study utilization the sensing technology by combining Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technique. Base on the archive spatial data, the suitability of land is analyzed and be used for the site planning of defense industry area. GIS application used to process spatial data that overlapped to produce a map of land suitability area. As a result, these studies find Indonesian Navy Shipyard Inc. (PT. PAL) and Pindad Inc. are suitable (S2) and Indonesian Aerospace Inc. is not suitable (N), for areas that are not suitable then it is recommended to other areas that are in Astra Kestra as the Air Force in Lampung Province.
Mapping of Pollution Load Capacity of Tidal Manggar Watershed, Balikpapan City
Authors: Arya R , Sariffuddin S , Bilqis A
Published: August 2019

The Tidal River Manggar system is mostly (± 75%) still in the form of forest and about 25% is land that has been exploited / developing land. Manggar River is influenced by the tides of sea water making the characteristics of brackish water with thick mangrove trees. The purpose of this research is to know the characteristics of tidal water quality and calculate the pollution load value of Manggar River by using GIS mapping. Water sampling was divided 10 segments of the river and then analyzed the laboratory. Calculation of river basflow was using Thornwhite approach. The influence of sea water and mangrove estuaries has become more dominant in the formation of river water quality characteristics, especially in the dry season. The sea water entering the river brings minerals from both the sea and the mainland into a trap that causes the Manggar River to become rich in nutrients and river biota. Regulations in Indonesia have not specifically regulated brackish water quality. High BOD and COD values can not be categorized as polluted by law standard, because the source of pollutants is a natural material, where this condition is a balance of mangrove ecosystem. The pollutant source of the Manggar River originates from the Sub-Basin which contributes to pollution loads whose value depends on the discharge of each sub-catchment.
Model of Community Empowerment in Tourism Village Development Planning in Bali
Authors: Arida N S , Suryasih I A , Parthama I G N
Published: August 2019

This study aims to identify patterns of community empowerment in the development of tourist villages in Bali. Second, to formulate alternative community empowerment model so that it can be applied in the development of tourism village in the future. The research was conducted with qualitative and quantitative approach with emphasis on descriptive analysis on various patterns of community empowerment. By using the concept of participation and stakeholders, then formulated appropriate community development model.This research uses several data retrieval techniques, such as structured interview, FGD, and literature study. Interviews were conducted in two ways, structured interviews and in-depth interviews. The study found three type of community empowerment in the development of tourist villages in Bali, among others: 1) internal type, 2) external type, and 3) mix type, which one is a combination of first and second type. The study also found that in some village tourism village development is done on cooperation between two villages, namely traditional villages and village offices.
ICT Based Activities as Part of Smart Economy in Developing World: Learnt From Indonesia’s Home Based Enterprises
Authors: Tyas W P , Sianturi O , Riswandha Y , Sunarti  , Manaf A , Manullang OR
Published: August 2019

The study of home industries which place economic activities at home, as part of SMEs, has been explored world widely. When this kind of economic activity in developed countries is more in technology based activities, such as ICT based activities, in developing countries start to have this kind of activities. This research will explore how an ICT based activities affect to support home-based enterprises in Indonesia, with case studies in Magelang Regency and surrounding areas of Rawapening Swamp, Semarang Regency. By using both quantitative and qualitative data, this research aims to a better knowledge on how technologies also part of home-based enterprises, therefore proper responses in policies and programmes can be formulated.
Evaluation of Sustainability on Indonesia Historical Streets
Authors: Harsritanto B I R , Rusyda H F S , Prabowo A R , Jamila R F , Putra G P
Published: August 2019

Sustainable development mandates a user friendly design. Universal Design is sustainable concept that aimed to facilitate full range of human diversity. The evaluation based of universal design on built infrastructure can suggest more sustainable, functional and user-friendly environment. One of main infrastructure is streetscape. This study examined three historical streets of Indonesia. This study aimed to examine and compare the Indonesia cases using sustainable universal design guidelines. The research methods of this research are comparison study, site observation, and GIS-based mapping. The results of this study are: Indonesia historical street cases are averages; the local street regulations need to be improved; and the urgency of user oriented design on next improvement
Mapping Urban Population Behavior in Using Private Transportation at City Center of Semarang
Authors: Hanida S L , Sejati A W , Rakhmatulloh A R , Rudiarto I
Published: August 2019

This paper aims to describe the identification of urban society behavior based on gender in using private transportation modes in the City Center of Semarang. The city center is the center of economic growth so that it has a high level of mobility and accessibility, especially in the use of private vehicles. This study uses GIS for Mapping and a quantitative approach to find out the most influential factors. The instrument uses a questionnaire and uses quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The sample distributed was 100 respondents with an analysis unit, namely land use in the City Center such as trade and service areas, office centers, and government centers. The results of this study indicate that out of 100 research respondents, 66% were female gender. In addition, of the 11 variables used, only 5 variables have relevance; there area age, income, mode of transportation, ownership of the driving license, and commuter costs. From these variables found, one variable that most influences, which is the respondent’s age, so it can be concluded that the dominant gender using private vehicles is women with productive age.
Comparison of Land Surface Temperature Derived From Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS for Drought Monitoring
Authors: Nugraha A S A , Gunawan T , Kamal M
Published: August 2019

The thermal infrared bands of Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS have ability to provide Land Surface Temperature (LST) information. This information is important to map and monitor Earth surface’s temperature-related events such as drought. However, these two Landsat sensors have different conversion methods of deriving LST information from their image pixels. Landsat 7 ETM+ applies a simple algorithm using single thermal band to produce an index of surface temperature; while Landsat 8 TIRS applies two thermal bands and a more sophisticated Split Windows Algorithm (SWA). This research aims to compare and contrast the ability of Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS to map LST for drought monitoring in part of East Java Province, Indonesia. Drought detection was conducted using two different algorithms, namely Temperature Condition Index (TCI) with a range of values from 0-100 and Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) with a range of 0-1. These algorithms have an opposite index value explanation; zero in TCI indicates drought condition, but wet condition in CWSI. The differences in the LST results from Landsat images showed that SWA method provides more similar results to the corresponding land cover conditions as compared to the result of Landsat 7 ETM+. Drought detection results demonstrate that TCI and CWSI would be optimally useful for area have a potential drought. Both methods have similar results in terms of the condition of Land Surface Temperatures.
Geographic Object Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) for Mangrove Canopy Delineation Using Aerial Photography
Authors: Kamal M , Kanekaputra T , Hermayani R , Juniansah A
Published: August 2019

Mangrove canopy cover is one of the important indicators for monitoring mangrove ecosystem’s health. Measuring and monitoring mangrove canopy cover using direct field measurement is tedious and inefficient work. This study implements the advanced geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) approach to a very high-spatial resolution aerial photograph taken from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). This new technology has ability to capture mangrove canopy information in the field rapidly and present it in a spatially explicit manner. The aims of this study are to (1) establish a rule set to discriminate mangrove canopy to other coastal objects from UAV images; and (2) map mangrove canopy and calculate its accuracy. The image data used in this study was acquired on 27 April 2018, covering part of dwarf Avicennia marina and Ceriops tagal stands in Karimunjawa Island, Jepara, Central Java. Based on this image the rule set was then developed to delineate mangrove canopy borders by considering the color and shape properties of the object of interest on the image. An iterative classification process was conducted to find the most operational rule set to map the targeted object. Once the map produced, the area-based accuracy assessment was then applied to assess the quality of the canopy delineation. The results of this study show that UAV image – although handicapped with limited spectral information – is a valuable input for GEOBIA to delineate and map mangrove canopy borders with high level of accuracy. This study contributes to the development of canopy delineation methods using the emerging remote sensing technology and mapping approach.
Silanization Efficiency of Silica/Silane in Dependence of Amines in Natural Rubber-based Tire Compounds
Authors: Hayichelaeh C , Reuvekamp L A E M , Dierkes W K , Blume A , Noordermeer J W M , Sahakaro K
Published: August 2019

Silica-silane technology for low rolling resistance tire compounds requires efficient bridging between the silica surface and rubber molecules through silanization and coupling reactions. The presence of diphenylguanidine (DPG) as secondary vulcanization accelerator is also needed to catalyze the silanization reaction between the alkoxy groups of silane coupling agents and the silanol groups on the silica surface. However, DPG can liberate toxic aniline under high mixing temperatures and therefore safer alternatives are required. This study investigates the influence of amines with different structures, i.e. hexylamine (HEX), octadecylamine (OCT), cyclohexylamine (CYC) and dicyclohexylamine (DIC) on the primary silanization reaction rate constant in a model system, and on interfacial compatibility of practical silica-reinforced NR compounds. Compared to the system without, the amines clearly increase the reaction rate constant for which linear aliphatic amines work better than cyclic ones. This is due to better accessibility of the amines towards the silica surface, in agreement with the values of Payne effect as observed in the rubber compounds, except for the OCT case. The lowest Payne effect of the OCT-containing rubber compound is attributed to the additional shielding effect obtained from the long alkyl-chain that leads to more hydrophobicity, resulting in good physical interaction between silica and rubber. The presence of all amines improves the cure properties in which the linear aliphatic amines give shorter cure times than the cyclic aliphatic ones. As a result of good interfacial compatibility, the OCT-containing compound which shows lowest filler-filler interaction gives good mechanical properties that are closest to the reference compound with DPG.
Evaluation of Vulcanization Depth of Thick Rubber Products by Terahertz Radiation
Authors: Yasumoto Y , Hirakawa Y , Gondo T
Published: August 2019

An evaluation of the vulcanization depth of thick rubber products was performed using terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy. The sample herein was a styrene -butadiene rubber (SBR)-based cylindrical products with a 35 mm diameter and 20 mm thickness, vulcanized under 10 MPa of pressure and a temperature of 150 °C. To clarify the vulcanization effect, no carbon black (CB) was included in the sample, because its apparent THz absorbance is extremely large compared with that of polymers and other additives. To perform the THz absorbance imaging, the thick sample was sliced parallel to the upper and lower heating plates of the cure mold into six thin specimens a few millimeters thick. Herein, the samples cured for two different cure times (T90 and T100) were investigated and compared. It was found that the coefficient of variation (CV) of the THz absorbance in the sliced specimens was suitable for evaluating the cure condition in the thick sample. The THz imaging results were used to compare the crosslinking densities of the sliced specimens using the Flory-Rehner equation.