bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Wogonoside in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation
Authors: Gong Zhaohui , Yang Haixin , Gao Li , Liu Yi , Chu Qingmin , Luo Chuanjin , Kang Liang , Zhai Huiqi , Xu Qiang , Wu Wei , Li Nan , Li Rong
Published: July 2024

Background
Atherosclerosis serves as the fundamental pathology for a variety of cardiovascular disorders, with its pathogenesis being closely tied to the complex interplay among lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Wogonoside, a natural flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, exhibits various biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-angiogenesis properties. Despite these known effects, the specific role of wogonoside in the context of atherosclerosis remains to be elucidated.
Purpose
To validate the efficacy of wogonoside in the treatment of atherosclerosis and to investigate its possible therapeutic mechanisms.
Methods
Network pharmacology was used to obtain the core targets and signaling pathways that may be efficacious in the treatment of atherosclerosis with wogonoside, which were validated using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. To further validate the core targets in the signaling pathway, we performed in vivo experiments using apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-/- mice. This included pathological morphology and lipid deposition analysis of mouse aorta, serum lipid level analysis, Elisa analysis, oxidative stress analysis, ROS fluorescence assay, immunohistochemical analysis and protein blot analysis.
Results
Predictions were obtained that wogonoside treatment of atherosclerosis has 31 core targets, which are mainly focused on pathways such as Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed that wogonoside has good binding properties to the core targets. In vivo experimental results showed that wogonoside significantly inhibited aortic inflammatory response and lipid deposition, significantly reduced the release levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, ox-LDL and FFA, and significantly inhibited the release of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and oxidative stress in ApoE-/- mice. Further molecular mechanism studies showed that wogonoside significantly inhibited the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in ApoE-/- mice.
Conclusion
Wogonoside may be an effective drug monomer for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and its mechanism of action is closely related to the inhibition of the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Assessing Prevalence and Predictors of Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Soliman Amin Roshdy , Kordy Noran Atef El , Faris Farouk Mostafa , Ahmed Rabab Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

Background
This study aims to determine the prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) across all chronic kidney disease stages in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to identify predictors of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia within these patients.
Methods
clinical and laboratory data were extracted from patient medical records. Participants were interviewed using validated modified Clarke’s questionnaire and Gold score to assess impaired awareness of hypoglycemia.
Results
Cross sectional study included 480 participants with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. Distribution across chronic kidney disease stages was as follows: 70 patients in stages 1–2, 126 in stage 3, 136 in stage 4, 33 in stage 5 on conservative treatment, and 115 in stage 5 on hemodialysis. The overall prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) was 34.6% (166 patients) according to the Clarke questionnaire and 34.4% by the Gold Score (165 patients). This prevalence varied significantly across different CKD stages, being notably higher in stage 3 and lower in stage 5, regardless of treatment modality (P value = 0.001). The mean impaired awareness of hypoglycemia scores were 3.98 ± 1.34 (Clarke) and 3.92 ± 1.52 (Gold), with advanced CKD stages showing statistically significant elevated scores (p value ≤ 0.05). In the 166 patients with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia, a statistically significant lower prevalence of severe hypoglycemia was observed in the early CKD stages (p value = 0.01). Most of patients with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia aged > 60 years, had more prevalent hypertension and had lower HbA1c levels (P value ≤ 0.05). However, Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that age > 60 years was a significant independent risk factor with an 8% higher risk for IAH (P = 0.01), (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.16).
Conclusion
Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 and type 2 DM are more prone to IAH but those with already IAH with advanced CKD stages experience more severe hypoglycemic episodes. Age over 60 years was an independent risk factor for hypoglycemia unawareness in this patient group. Larger wide scale studies are needed to further validate these results.
Associations of sleep disturbance with depression, anxiety, and irritability in youth
Authors: Simmons Kate , Karlovich Ashley , Evans Spencer
Published: July 2024

In children and adolescents, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and irritability frequently co-occur, and many of these affective problems are associated with sleep disturbance. However, the extent to which sleep disturbance is specifically linked to any one of these affective problems over and above the others remains unclear. Therefore, the current study investigated the unique associations of sleep disturbance with depression, anxiety, and irritability. A community sample of 526 parents/caregivers of youths ages 6–14 (Mage = 9.51; 53.6% female) completed measures assessing their child’s symptoms of sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, and irritability. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine sleep disturbance as predicted by depression, anxiety, and irritability, with age and gender as covariates and moderators. Zero-order correlations showed that sleep disturbance was significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and irritability. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that sleep disturbance was uniquely associated with depression and anxiety, but not irritability, when all three emotional variables were included in the same model. Further, exploratory moderation analyses suggested that the association between sleep disturbance and irritability may be moderated by child age and gender. Findings shed light on the role of sleep disturbance as a transdiagnostic feature in youth psychopathology, with particularly strong and unique links to depression and anxiety (less so for irritability). Additional research is needed examine these relationships across diverse samples, in clinical settings, and using multi-method, multi-informant, and longitudinal approaches.
Association between baseline body mass index and 30-day in-hospital mortality among intensive care unit patients with sepsis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou PAN , Wang Fang-xi , Liu Xiao-jia , Zhou Li , Deng Zhe
Published: July 2024

Background
The correlation between baseline body mass index (BMI) and 30-day in-hospital mortality among patients with sepsis remains inadequately explored in existing literature. Thus, this study endeavors to elucidate the association between baseline BMI and 30-day in-hospital mortality among sepsis patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
The author conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study using data from 17,510 ICU patients with sepsis from the US eICU-CRD v2.0 database spanning 2014 to 2015. The study employed binary logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and smooth curve fitting to examine the relationship between BMI and 30-day in-hospital mortality.
Results
The prevalence of 30-day in-hospital mortality was 16.7% (2929 out of 17,510). The median BMI for sepsis patients was 28.9 kg/m². After adjusting for covariates, our analysis revealed an inverse association between BMI and 30-day in-hospital mortality, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.99, 0.99). Subgroup analyses supported the robustness of these findings. Furthermore, we observed a nonlinear relationship between BMI and 30-day in-hospital mortality, with an inflection point at 21.5 kg/m². On the left side of the inflection point, the effect size (OR) was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.94), while on the right side, the relationship was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The study establishes an independent negative association between baseline BMI and 30-day in-hospital mortality among sepsis patients in the ICU. Furthermore, a non-linear relationship with a saturation effect was observed, suggesting that the 30-day in-hospital mortality rate of sepsis patients is lowest around a BMI of 21.5 kg/m².
Autoimmune hypothyroidism GWAS reveals independent autoimmune and thyroid-specific contributions and an inverse relation with cancer risk
Authors: Reeve Mary , Kanai Masahiro , Graham Daniel , Karjalainen Juha , Luo Shuang , Kolosov Nikita , Adams Cameron , Ritari Jarmo , Karczewski Konrad , Kiiskinen Tuomo , Fuller Zachary , Mehtonen Juha , Kurki Mitja , Khan Zia , Partanen Jukka , McCarthy Mark , Artomov Mykyta , Tuomi Tiinamaija , Pirinen Matti , Kero Jukka , Xavier Ramnik , Daly Mark , Ripatti Samuli , FinnGen
Published: July 2024

The high prevalence of autoimmune hypothyroidism (AIHT) - more than 5% in human populations - provides a unique opportunity to unlock the most complete picture to date of genetic loci that underlie systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity. Using a meta-analysis of 81,718 AIHT cases in FinnGen and the UK Biobank, we dissect associations along axes of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity. This largest-to-date scan of hypothyroidism identifies 418 independent associations (p < 5x10− 8), more than half of which have not previously been documented in thyroid disease. In 48 of these, a protein-coding variant is the lead SNP or is highly correlated (r2 > 0.95) with the lead SNP at the locus, including low-frequency coding variants at LAG3, ZAP70, TG, TNFSF11, IRF3, S1PR4, HABP2, ZNF429 as well as established variants at ADCY7, IFIH1 and TYK2. The variants at LAG3 (P67T), ZAP70 (T155M), and TG (Q655X) are highly enriched in Finland and functional experiments in T-cells demonstrate that the ZAP70:T155M allele reduces T-cell activation. By employing a large-scale scan of non-thyroid autoimmunity and a published meta-analysis of TSH levels, we use a Bayesian classifier to dissect the associated loci into distinct groupings and from this estimate, a significant proportion are involved in systemic (i.e., general to multiple autoimmune conditions) autoimmunity (34%) and another subset in thyroid-specific dysfunction (17%). By comparing these association results further to other common disease endpoints, we identify a noteworthy overlap with skin cancer, with 10% of AIHT loci showing a consistent but opposite pattern of association where alleles that increase the risk of hypothyroidism have protective effects for skin cancer. The association results, including genes encoding checkpoint inhibitors and other genes affecting protein levels of PD1, bolster the causal role of natural variation in autoimmunity influencing cancer outcomes.
Effect of Cannabis Sativa Leaf on Oxidative Stress and the Recovery Period in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Amuda Oluwasola , Usman L.N.
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the effect of CS on oxidative stress and the recovery period in male rats. Forty rats (170 g ± 1.24) were separately assigned into four groups of ten animals each, such that the rats in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 received orally 1 ml of distilled water, 2mg, 4mg and 6mg of CS respectively for two weeks. Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using standard methods. High dose (6 mg) and low doses (2mg and 4 mg) of CS significantly decrease catalase, SOD, GPx, GSH, TAC and significantly increase MDA and LDH levels when compared with the control. However, all the groups treated with low doses showed no significant difference in all the parameters when compared with the control after treatment. In conclusion, it could be deduced that these alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers were dependent on the doses of CS consumed. However, groups treated with low doses were able to recover from the damages caused by CS after treatment. This study recommends that people should abstain from the consumption of CS due to its detrimental effect in the body.
Multi-class anomaly classification for CNC milling machines
Authors: Li Eugene , Bedi Sanjeev , Melek William
Published: July 2024

Anomaly detection in CNC milling machine operation is a necessary component to develop a smart, autonomous CNC milling machine. These anomalies range from phenomena such as chatter, to tool breakage, to work piece misalignment. There have been many methods for detecting different anomalies, but many of these methods are focused on classifying one anomaly at a time. In this work, we propose an LSTM-Autoencoder based system to apply dimensionality reduction on accelerometer signals, and then apply Linear Support Vector Classifier (SVC) for multi-class classification and prediction.We extend this work to Autoencoders trained by transfer learning to reduce the data burden and validate both methods experimentally.
A review of endocrine therapy for hormone-dependent breast cancer
Authors: Useinova A. N. , Kaliberdenko V. B. , Maryanenko S. P. , Al-Nsour J. M. , Korenkova A. A.
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the study: to provide current data on pharmacotherapy of hormone-dependent breast cancer (hdBC) and to consider the feasibility of introducing new hormone therapy drugs for breast cancer into clinical practice. Material and Methods. We analyzed 80 publications available Pubmed, Springer, Cochrane Library, etc. concerning the study of pharmacological characteristics of various groups of drugs for the treatment of hdBC, of which 49 were included in this review. Results. Currently, there are several approaches to the treatment of hdBC. Selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors are the most studied and frequently used drugs. The cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors can be present in both the first- and second-line therapy. Currently, close attention is paid to the development of new drugs based on genomic profiling of the tumor, which is the standard of treatment for hdBC, and contributes to the personalization of therapy. Conclusion. Further development of drugs holds great promise for increasing overall survival and more accurate prognosis, response to conventional systemic therapy, and individualization of pharmacotherapy for hdBC. However, further research and development of new drugs is required. In this regard, the introduction of oral selective estrogen receptor degraders into practice and the development of new drugs that block estrogen-dependent and independent signaling to estrogen receptors are the most promising trends.
Reproductive system cancer in females of the Tyva Republic. Epidemiological characteristics
Authors: Kononova G. A. , Zhuikova L. D. , Ananina O. A. , Kolomiets L. A. , Pikalova L. V. , Zhuikova A. S.
Published: July 2024

Background. The incidence of female reproductive system cancer, including breast, cervical, ovarian and uterine cancers, is steadily increasing, and therefore it is advisable to conduct an epidemiological analysis and assess the quality of medical care. The purpose of the study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of reproductive system cancer in females of the Tyva Republic. Material and Methods. The reporting forms № 7 “Cancer incidence in the Tyva Republic” for 2013–2022 were used. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using the “Oncostat” program, and cancer care quality was assessed using “Cancer Care Indicators” program. Results. Reproductive system cancer in the Tyva Republic accounted for 46.3 % of all malignant neoplasms in females during 2013–2022. In 2022, breast cancer was the most common cancer (16.2 %) followed by cervical cancer (13.7 %), ovarian cancer (6.7 %), and uterine cancer (4.0 %). During the study period, none of these cancers showed a statistically significant increase in agestandardized incidence rates (AS R). In 2022, age-standardized incidence rates in the Tyva Republic were higher than those in the Siberian Federal District for cervical cancer (27.5 ± 3.7 vs 16.3 ± 0.4 0/0000) and for ovarian cancer (14.1 ± 2.8 vs 12.7 ± 0.3 0/0000), but lower for breast cancer (32.4 ± 4.1 vs 58.7 ± 0.6 0/0000) and uterine cancer (8.6 ± 2.2 vs 19.7 ± 0.4 0/0000). Overall, cancer care quality indicators for reproductive system cancers had improved. Active detection increased from 22.0 to 29.8 %, p=0.039 (in the Siberian Federal District: from 27.6 to 37.2 %, p=0.001). The detection rate at I–II stages increased from 53.7 to 75.2 %, p=0.004 (in the Siberian Federal District: from 63.0 to 71.3 %, p=0.001). The percentage of advanced stages decreased from 37.4 % to 15.5 %, p=0.001 (from 27.4 % to 23.1 % in the Siberian Federal District, p=0.013). The oneyear mortality rates also decreased from 19.0 to 5.4 %, p=0.013 (in the Siberian Federal District: from 11.8 to 8.5 %, р<0.001). The high incidence of cervical cancer, the absence of noticeable optimal changes in the early detection and the high prevalence of HPV infection among the female population of the Tyva Republic indicate the relevance of mass HPV testing as a part of secondary cancer prevention. Conclusion. The high incidence of female reproductive system cancer and the current status of reproductive cancer care in the Republic of Tyva dictate the need to strengthen primary, secondary and tertiary cancer prevention.
Conservative assessment of external radiation dose for staff in the event of radionuclide flaw detection
Authors: Bazhin S. Yu. , Shleenkova E. N. , Bogatyreva V. Yu.
Published: July 2024

The article proposes a new approach to assessing the effective doses of flaw detectorists performing flaw detection using portable radionuclide flaw detectors (gamma flaw detectors). The existing approach to assessing effective doses, based on the use of one individual dosimeter placed on work clothes in the chest area, is inadequate for the actual working conditions of exposure of flaw detectorists. Gamma flaw detectors contain a closed man-made source of ionizing radiation in their head, therefore, even in the non-working position, such flaw detectors pose a radiation hazard. When transporting and preparing gamma flaw detectors for work, the flaw detector operator is in close proximity to the radiation source. The irradiation geometry changing during the technological cycle when working with portable gamma flaw detectors at certain stages creates a sharply uneven  irradiation  of  the  flaw  detectorist’s  body.  Therefore,  after  assessing  the  stages  of  the  technological cycle, an option was proposed for a more conservative assessment of effective doses – to change the location of the individual dosimeter on the working clothes of the flaw detectorist, moving the individual dosimeter to the abdominal area. An anonymous study was carried out with the participation of 15 flaw detectorists; three individual dosimeters were displayed on their working clothes: two of them were experimental and were placed in the chest and abdomen; the third (a control dosimeter) was exposed for the quarter on the chest as part of constant individual dosimetric monitoring. In controlled anonymous measurements, the average effective dose, estimated from the readings of dosimeters exposed in the chest area, was equal to 0,95 mSv (median – 0,92 mSv, maximum value – 1,27 mSv). These values were compared with values obtained using dosimeters that were exposed to the abdomen, and the differences were significant (the average effective dose was 1,24 mSv (median – 1,22 mSv, maximum value – 1,78 mSv).
Analysis of data on levels of public exposure to natural sources of radiation in the Ivanovo region
Authors: Kormanovskaya T. A. , Daricheva O. A. , Kolesnik P. A. , Kononenko D. V.
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the results of analysis of the Ivanovo Regional databank of radiation doses to the pub-lic from exposure to natural and technologically enhanced radiation background for 2008–2022. Despite the fact that the average individual annual effective dose of public exposure due to natural sources of radiation in the Ivanovo region calculated for the whole 15-year period (4.63 mSv/year) does not qualify as increased (i.e.  does  not  exceed  the  level  of  5  mSv/year),  in  some  years  of  the  period  under  review  the  average  dose repeatedly exceeded this level, reaching 7.50 mSv/year. The analysis of the structure of the doses of public exposure due to natural sources of radiation in the Ivanovo region showed that the contribution of the dose from  internal  exposure  to  radon,  thoron  and  progenies  according  to  measurement  results  from  2008–2022 ranged from 65.98 to 81.47%. The paper provides examples of buildings of different types in settlements of the Ivanovo region, in which the indoor radon isotopes equilibrium equivalent concentrations are more than 1.5 times higher than the established action level for existing dwellings and public buildings (200 Bq/m3). Despite the  significant  amount  of  measurement  data  in  the  Regional  databank,  it  is  necessary  to  obtain  additional information on the indoor radon levels in existing wooden and other low-rise dwellings and public buildings in the most radon-prone areas of the region. For this purpose, a radon survey is planned for 2024-2026 in the cities  of  Ivanovo  and  Kohma,  Privolzhsky,  Gavrilovo-Posadsky,  Teykovsky  and  Zavolzhsky  districts  of  the Ivanovo  region  within  the  framework  of  a  joint  project  of  Saint-Petersburg  Research  Institute  of  Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, the Directorate of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing in the Ivanovo region, and the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Ivanovo region.
Postmortem isolation of Mycobacterium marinum from yellow-bellied slider (Trachemys scripta scripta).
Authors: JAŃCZAK DAWID , CIESIELSKA DOMINIKA , LUBAS KLAUDIA , MADEJ FILIP , MACHEJEK JAGODA , GÓRSKA ALEKSANDRA , SIEMIŃSKA IZABELA
Published: July 2024

Mycobacterium marinum, a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium, is known for causing skin infections in fish and amphibians, commonly known as “fish tank granuloma” or “swimming pool granuloma”. While its primary impact is on aquatic species, humans also face a potential risk through exposure to contaminated water or aquatic environments. In humans, infections typically are manifested as nodular skin lesions, often on the hands or fingers, leading to a chronic and indolent course. Due to its unique ability to thrive in aquatic environments, M. marinum serves as an infectious agent not only for fish but also for other animal species, including reptiles, especially turtles. The turtle case of postmortem isolation of M. marinum described in this work serves as a reminder of the threat posed by this bacterium, highlighting the relatively low awareness surrounding this subject not only among owners but also among veterinarians. Expanding our understanding of the threats posed by M. marinum is crucial, not only for the well-being of aquatic animals, including turtles, but also for human health. Given the zoonotic potential of M. marinum, a comprehensive understanding of its transmission dynamics, clinical manifestations, and preventive measures is essential. Hence this knowledge can inform strategies to minimize the risk of M. marinum infections overall.
Production factors, regional economic development and agriculture in brazil: A spatial econometrics approach
Authors: De Alcantara Isabela Romanha , Reinaldo Alves Lucir
Published: July 2024

Agriculture has a great effect on the development process of a region and production land, labor, and technology are determinant factors in its dynamism. This work carries out a spatial analysis for each production factor of Brazilian municipalities in 2006 and 2017 and intends to verify if there are patterns of association and agglomerations. This work is applied research of quantitative and exploratory nature. The Exploratory Analysis of Spatial Data (ESDA) was used to perform spatial analysis for each production factor in Brazilian municipalities in 2006 and 2017 and to check the patterns of association and agglomerations. The main agricultural activities and practice are related to exports as proposed by North. The formation of clusters verified both in the use of the factors of land, labor and technology, and in the value of agricultural production has a polarized role in the Brazilian space, as described by Perroux. This polarization and the formation of clusters expanded at certain points over time, indicating the formation of new links with neighboring municipalities (a la Hirschman). The spatial association pattern was significant in all analyzed variables, with emphasis on the non-physical technology factor, presenting the highest spatial autocorrelation coefficient in both periods analyzed.
Análise socioambiental na gestão de resíduos de equipamentos eletrônicos e o processo de logística reversa no Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco – TJPE
Authors: Meira Ana Zuleika Moura Pires de Castro , Barreto Eduardo Paes , Dos Santos Maria Pricila Miranda , Góes Carlos Rafael Ferreira , Bispo Carlos de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo aborda a importância da logística reversa como estratégia para garantir padrões de consumo e promover a produção sustentável, conforme estipulado no 12º Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS 12) da Agenda 2030. Além disso, a presente pesquisa se dedica à análise da gestão de resíduos eletroeletrônicos, evidenciada pela promulgação da Lei nº 12.305/2010 no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Apesar dessa legislação inovadora, a implementação efetiva da logística reversa enfrenta desafios, principalmente devido à falta de conscientização sobre sua importância. Portanto, tem-se como objetivo desenvolver um estudo de caso realizado no Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco (TJPE), com vistas a compreender as percepções socioambientais e as perspectivas dos colaboradores em relação ao tratamento de resíduos eletrônicos e à logística reversa. A metodologia consubstancia-se em uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo com abordagem quali-quantitativa, a qual envolveu a elaboração e a aplicação de um questionário eletrônico a 207 funcionários do TJPE. Os resultados revelam uma significativa falta de conhecimento sobre logística reversa, programas ambientais e sobre o Plano de Logística Sustentável (PLS) do TJPE. Os participantes do questionário demonstram ausência de familiaridade com os termos técnicos correspondentes, bem como desconhecimento das ações promovidas pela instituição. Há baixa adesão a eventos relacionados a resíduos sólidos eletrônicos e também uma percepção negativa em relação à divulgação das ações de descarte adequado. A análise dos dados revela resultados insatisfatórios em relação à gestão de resíduos eletroeletrônicos, o que revela a necessidade de implementação de ações educacionais e informativas, bem como a revisão nas estratégias relacionadas à gestão de resíduos. Conclui-se, portanto, que, para que se promovam práticas sustentáveis e uma gestão eficaz de resíduos, é crucial que se incorpore a percepção dos colaboradores às políticas ambientais.
Alain G. Cribier: 1945-2024
Authors: Yacoub Magdi
Published: July 2024

Alain Cribier, the French cardiologist who performed the world's first transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and has been responsible for a number of other world firsts, died on 16th February 2024 in Rouen, France. He was 79.
PROCESSO DE INOVAÇÃO PARA TECNOLOGIAS QUÍMICAS NASCIDAS EM UNIVERSIDADES: AÇÕES DO LABORATÓRIO ESCALAB-UFMG
Authors: Alves Thamires Luciana , Teixeira Ana Paula , Oliveira Breno Germano , Barbosa Luísa Carolina , de Oliveira Maria Paula , Lago Rochel
Published: July 2024

INNOVATION PROCESS FOR CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES BORN IN UNIVERSITIES: ACTIONS OF THE ESCALAB-UFMG LABORATORY. In this work, the innovation process to take chemical technologies born in universities to the market is described. The discussion is structured on the stages: research/science, patenting, opportunity evaluation, scale-up and proof of concept that lead to two possible outputs: technology transfer or startup creation. The work also describes the activities of Escalab, a UFMG technology lab, in the innovation process: technological mapping/R&D for the industry, technology scale up, technology acceleration, open innovation programs with industry and the program “go-to-market” for the insertion of chemical startups in market. It is expected that this experience should motivate academic chemistry researchers to push their technologies to the market.
On the Issue of Application of an Experimental Legal Regime in the Field of Telemedicine in Russia.
Authors: Kovalenko M. A. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: July 2024

The digitalization of society leads to the transfer of public relations into electronic form. Telemedicine is a new way of providing medical care. The undoubted advantages of telemedicine are cost reduction, the possibility of surgical intervention and constant monitoring of the patient's health, and the absence of geographical attachment. However, the introduction of a new method of providing medical care in the form of remote interaction with a patient using telemedicine technologies is impossible without experimenting with its use. Also, insurmountable conflicts may arise between the legal norms intended to regulate telemedicine activities and the legal norms in the field of telemedicine. Of particular value when making changes to legal regulation is the observance of a balance of interests, countering violations of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the individual. In the current legislation of the Russian Federation, it is possible to test new legal norms with the help of experimental legal regimes. The experimental legal regime is aimed at testing a new version of the legal regulation of public relations. Currently, the Russian Federation has introduced an experimental legal regime in the field of digital innovations in the field of medical activity, including the use of telemedicine technologies and technologies for collecting and processing information about the health status and diagnoses of citizens. However, the legal norms establishing this experimental legal regime do not introduce new legislation on telemedicine activities.
Counteraction of Russian Finance Market Against External Sanctions Pressure
Authors: Bolvachev A. I. , Zamalov A. R.
Published: July 2024

The article shows the impact of external economic sanctions on the Russian financial market. Special attention is paid to the currency, commodity and derivative markets of the Moscow Stock Exchange. The main focus of the work is the analysis of changes in market dynamics and pricing under the influence of political and economic constraints. Methodologically, the study is based on a comprehensive analysis of trade session data, including statistical processing and modeling of market reactions. The use of actual analytical methods made it possible to identify nonlinear dependencies and hidden patterns of behavior of market participants. The results of the study demonstrate that sanctions have had a significant impact on volatility, liquidity and market structure. The authors show the influence of political factors on financial instruments in a crisis, as well as develop new methodological approaches to analyzing financial market data. The results of the work can be used to coordinate trading strategies, develop market regulation policies and assess risks in conditions of political instability. The study also provides a basis for further analysis of the consequences of economic sanctions and the development of strategies to adapt to changing market conditions.
Approaches and Methods of Optimazing Long-Term Strategy of Pulling Projects of Nuclear Legacy out of Operation
Authors: Ilyasov D. F.
Published: July 2024

The article studies a new approach to shaping possible variants of long-term strategies of pulling projects of nuclear legacy out of operation, which is based on optimization with criteria on min costs and restrictions on resources, radioactive risks and duration of the implementation period. The author put forward different variants of criteria and restrictions of strategy of pulling projects of nuclear legacy out of operation. Methods of resolving the task of optimization were studied that are based on principles of dynamic programming and an example of getting a solution was demonstrated. Benefits and drawbacks of the approach were discussed in comparison with accepted in global and Russian practice methods of prioritization of the procedure of pulling projects out of operation. The article analyzed prospects of using the proposed approach for the development of long-term road map aimed at settling problems of nuclear legacy in the Russian Federation.
Management in Education: Competitiveness and Above-Professional Approach
Authors: Aleksandrova E. V. , Iskandaryan R. A. , Mayakov D. M.
Published: July 2024

To study the whole range of problems that should be resolved in the process of innovation management in education it is necessary to realize that teaching is flexible, supple and requires continuous research. The goal of the article is to corroborate rightness of theoretical vectors by permanently changing practice. Theoretical and methodological foundation of the step-by-step research presented in the article is formed by principles of economic and comparative analysis, methods of induction and deduction and finally the method of archive search. The authors proposed an innovation approach to achievements in the field of education and showed the efficiency of Russian experience of well-known economists and experts in economics, psychology and sociology.
Biochemical, Biosynthetic and Biotechnological Approaches for an Orchid-Derived Natural Flavoring and Therapeutic Agent Vanillin- A Review
Authors: Roy Tina , Pal Nilasish , Das Nirmalendu
Published: July 2024

Orchidaceae is the highest-evolved family in the plant kingdom and the
largest among the monocotyledons. The members of this family are considered not
only for their aesthetic beauty but also for their medicinal values. Vanilla sp. is one of
the members of the family known as the perennial climbing orchid and is a native of
Mexico. It is also cultivated in other countries, viz. Madagascar, Indonesia, Comoro &
Reunion islands, and India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamilnadu, and Andaman & Nicobar
Islands). The major cultivated members of Vanilla are Vanilla planifolia (Mexican), V.
pompona (Indian), and V. tahitensis (Tahitian). The present study revealed its multiple
usages, such as in the food, perfume, and pharmaceutical industries. Vanillin and
vanillic acid are the main bioactive components of vanilla flavor, with other (~200-
250) components, including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, phydroxybenzyl alcohol, anise alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, etc. Local communities know
its therapeutic value in curing various diseases like fever, spasms, dysmenorrheal,
blood clotting, and gastrointestinal distress. Different biosynthetic and biotechnological
approaches to this compound were elaborately discussed. This chapter could be a
medium to conduct further investigations for specific bioactive compounds that will
increase remedial, technical, and scientific knowledge.
Silymarin: A Boon in the Treatment of Hepatic Diseases
Authors: Singh Alka , Kukreti Gauree , Verma Shalu , Dobhal Kiran
Published: July 2024

Silymarin is obtained from the seeds of the herb Silybum marianum (milk
thistle) belonging to the family Carduus marianum. The herb is traditionally used as a
liver tonic and in biliary tract disease treatment, dysmenorrhea, and varicose veins. The
major bioactive constituents of Silymarin are silychristin, silybin A, silybin B,
isosilybin A, and isosilybin B, while other flavonolignans such as neosilyhermin,
silyhermin, and silydianin are also present. Due to its cytoprotective anti-inflammatory,
and antifibrotic action, it is the most acceptable and safe natural compound in the
treatment of hepatic diseases like jaundice, liver cirrhosis, and chronic viral hepatitis.
Silymarin functions as a free radical scavenger and modifies the activity of enzymes
that cause cellular damage, fibrosis, and cirrhosis to occur. In the present book chapter,
the author will explore the potential of the herb in the treatment of hepatic diseases.
Dinâmica dos Transportes Rodoviários Semicoletivos Interdistritais O papel dos narawas no recrutamento de passageiros em Nacala-Porto
Authors: Cambrão Pedrito , Alberto Angelina Barros
Published: July 2024

The article deals with interdistrict semi-collective road transport: The Role of describes the factors that dictated the emergence of narawas, methodologically the research is qualitative in the descriptive variant. To this end, 25 subjects were interviewed. The study shows that one of the factors that led to the emergence of narawasand the new modi operandiis unemployment that affects youth, the regularity of transporters traveling interdistrict routes and the demand for services. It is concluded that the activity constitutes a survival strategy, with the government being responsible for creating strategies for its operation, creating the association, and attributing identification cards.
Comparison of Hemodynamic Response to Endotracheal Intubation with Nebulized Lignocaine and Dexmedetomidine: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dash Sulochana ,   epartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar India, Sree Pasupala Subba Kavya , Panigrahy Sasmita , Sahu Alisha , Nath Abinash Kumar , Rani Pedireddy Sobha ,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, India,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, India,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, India,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, India,   Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, IMS and SUM Hospital, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, India
Published: July 2024

Background: Though different studies have compared intravenous (IV) lignocaine with dexmedetomidine for blunting laryngoscopic and intubation response, there is hardly any study comparing nebulized Lignocaine and dexmedetomidine for the same. This study compared the effectiveness of nebulized dexmedetomidine and Lignocaine for blunting hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Methods: This prospective randomized double-blinded study among 60 patients was divided into two equal groups of 30 (groups D and L). Group D patients were nebulized with 1 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine diluted in 0.9% saline to a total volume of 4 ml, and Group L patients were nebulized with 4ml of 4% Lignocaine hydrochloride in the preoperative room over 5 min. After induction of general anesthesia, laryngoscopy and intubation were performed, and hemodynamic changes were recorded for statistical analysis. A two-sample t-test was applied to compare means in two groups with a confidence interval of 95%. Result The Dexmedetomidine group demonstrated a significant difference, with lower values of mean heart, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure rate immediately before laryngoscopy till 10 minutes postintubation (recorded at 2 mins intervals till 10mins) compared to the lignocaine group. The p-values for all the parameters were < 0.001, underlining the robustness of our findings. Conclusion: Nebulised Dexmedetomidine before laryngoscopy is not just an alternative technique, but a superior one for blunting the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. It outperforms Nebulised Lignocaine without significant adverse effects, such as postoperative sore throat and sedation, making a compelling case for its adoption in clinical practice.
Perioperative Management of Neuroanesthesia in Patients with Supratentorial Tumors Who Have Excised Tumors Using Neuroprotection Technique and Total Intravenous Anesthesia
Authors: Aditiarso Candra ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University – RSUD. Dr Saiful Anwar Malang Indonesia, Laksono Buyung Hartiyo ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University – RSUD. Dr Saiful Anwar Malang Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Background: Neuroanesthesia management presents a unique challenge for anesthesiologists. They must provide an optimal surgical condition without worsening the patient's neurological deficits. Therefore, we need drugs with neuroprotective abilities. This case report explains the perioperative management of neuroanesthesia in patients with supratentorial tumors who have excised tumors using a neuroprotection technique and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Case: A 43-year-old female patient with space-occupying process cerebri with the differential diagnosis of meningioma frontotemporal dextra, post trepanation frontal sinistra tumor excision, edema cerebri, and hydrocephalus on ventriculoperitoneal shunt. On physical examination, Glasgow coma scale E3M6Vaphasia, aphasia and left hemiparesis were found. She underwent a tumor excision procedure with total intravenous anesthesia modified with neuroprotection techniques and total intravenous anesthesia techniques using 300 mg thiopental, 2 mg midazolam, 150 µg fentanyl, 80 mg lidocaine, and 50 mg rocuronium. Intraoperative anesthesia management was carried out by administering propofol 50 mg/hour, fentanyl 50 µg/hour, and atracurium 15 mg/hour. Conclusion: Total intravenous anesthesia is a complete general anesthesia method used in all intravenous agents, where the benefits of this method are used in neurosurgery, including accelerating the patient's return from the effects of anesthesia, faster recovery of cognitive function, as well as reducing intracranial pressure and the risk of ischemia.
KONSEP LIMINALITAS DALAM RITUAL ANDHERENAT
Authors: Hilmy Ayu Nur Izzati ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Kusdiwanggo Susilo , Yusran Yusfan Adeputera
Published: July 2024

Liminality is a concept referring to the transitional phase in which individuals or groups experience a suspension of hierarchy and social structure, fostering a sense of togetherness, collective solidarity, and equality. The andherenat ritual on Gili Iyang Island, Sumenep Regency, is a tradition of the migrant Buton-Binongko community aimed at invoking rain and maintaining soil fertility. This study explores and analyzes liminality in the andherenat ritual and its sociocultural implications for the assimilative community. A qualitative method and case study strategy were used, focusing on the cultural activities of the andherenat ritual. The research findings reveal that the andherenat ritual involves three phases of liminality: separation, liminality, and incorporation. The separation phase is marked by the performance of tawassul, yasin, tahlil, and praise, separating participants from everyday life. The liminality phase is a transitional period where participants undergo spiritual transformation through activities such as the topak lober procession and circling the island. The incorporation phase reintegrates participants into society with renewed identities, highlighted by a communal feast.
Building on the EU’s unique strategy for Artificial Intelligence (AI): can an ethical foundation be successfully integrated into its design and deployment?
Authors: Costa Maria Inês
Published: July 2024

In this article, the Author investigates the ethical principles espoused by the European Union’s (EU) policies on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and discuss their effectiveness in providing an ethical foundation for the entire process of developing and deploying AI in Europe. To this end, the scope of the term “ethics” in the regulatory process is analysed, and the extent to which ambiguity about its meaning can contribute to inadequate policies, is considered. The Author also addresses the criticisms and suggestions that have been made regarding the use of certain concepts, such as ‘trustworthiness’ and ‘human-centric’, which are so often used in European AI guidelines. The aim of the article is to explore the ways in which ethical values have been applied and identify potential areas of improvement to further safeguard and advance the rule of law, human rights, and democracy in the EU. This quest proves to be relevant amidst the various challenges that arise from emerging technologies like AI, which are of an unknown magnitude to our contemporary democracies, constituting a complete paradigm shift. In exploring the issues set out here, the Author navigates some of the new developments that the EU’s Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) introduces, as well as the pressing criticisms levelled at it in the context of the overarching theme of this article.
The role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in rehabilitation and in the reduction of the use of imprisonment
Authors: Miranda Rodrigues Anabela , Fidalgo Sónia
Published: July 2024

Over the past few decades, the criminal justice system has experienced a shift towards risk management (actuarial justice). The New Public Management ideology has also entered the field of criminal policy and currently there is a growing recognition of the importance of adopting an Offender Management System. This new way of managing the criminal justice is increasingly supported by Artificial Intelligence and related digital technologies. The use of these technologies has enormous potential from a rehabilitation perspective. However, the current trend is to use them mainly for security and control purposes. This analysis examines whether the goal of rehabilitation can still be accommodated in a criminal justice system with the aforementioned characteristics. Criminal policy has the responsibility to ensure that the control it imposes on citizens can be balanced by an ethical use of digital technologies, which effectively contributes to rehabilitation and to the reduction in the resort to imprisonment.