bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los riesgos y el papel político de las lideresas sociales en la construcción de la paz territorial en Colombia
Authors: Barreto Daza Sandra Milena
Published: November 2018

Este artículo busca problematizar el papel político de las mujeres lideresas en la construcción de paz y los riesgos que enfrentan en la defensa de los Derechos Humanos; así, a lo largo del análisis se abordarán las relaciones de poder y los intereses que atraviesan los contextos donde trabajan estas mujeres. A través de entrevistas a dieciocho lideresas en Bogotá D.C, Cundinamarca, Sucre, Antioquia y Nariño, se logró determinar las causas sociales que las convocan y las trayectorias de persecución que han sufrido como una forma de retaliación hacia el activismo y los procesos liderados en sus comunidades. En general, estas mujeres han acompañado el sufrimiento de la guerra y han impulsado procesos de participación e incidencia política necesarios para la construcción de la Paz en sus territorios.
Przyczynek do historii powstania rejestrów gruntowych
Authors: Felcenloben Dariusz
Published: November 2018

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Uniwersytet Jana Baszkiewicza
Authors: Filipowicz Stanisław
Published: November 2018

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Cenne studium o prawie własności w Polsce. W związku z monografią Anny Machnikowskiej, Prawo własności w Polsce w latach 1944-1981. Studium historycznoprawne, 2010
Authors: Lityński Adam
Published: November 2018

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Andrzej Gulczyński, Nazwisko dziecka. Ewolucja ukazywania relacji rodzinnoprawnych, 2010
Authors: Radwański Zbigniew
Published: November 2018

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Henryk Kocój, Dyplomaci pruscy o powstaniu kościuszkowskim, 2011
Authors: Kubica-Czyż Agnieszka
Published: November 2018

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Adam Danilczyk, W kręgu afery Dogrumowej. Sejm 1786 roku, 2010
Authors: Krzymkowski Marek
Published: November 2018

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Jakub Goldberg 1924-2011
Authors: Grodziski Stanisław
Published: November 2018

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Edmund Klein 1929-2011
Authors: Ptak Marian J.
Published: November 2018

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Jak o dyktaturze pisać nie należy
Authors: Ziółkowski Adam
Published: November 2018

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Repudium i jego skutki prawne w Nowelach Justyniana
Authors: Kursa Sławomir P.
Published: November 2018

In his Novels, Justinian strongly limited the legal possibilities of unilaterally sending a spouse away, by which he signifi cantly restricted the principle of freedom in marital causes and consciously contributed to the consolidation of the Catholic Church’s doctrine of indissolubility of marriage. Nevertheless, even he did not completely ban repudium. The point of departure of Justinian’s reform in this respect was Nov. 22 – a collection of provisions on the dissolution of marriage, including those on repudium. Its causes were radically restricted only by Nov. 117, which covered both repudium propter iustam causam and repudium bona gratia. In successive novels, Justinian increased penalties for unlawfully sending a spouse away. Finally, in Nov. 127, he introduced uniform penalties for men and women for committing repudium sine causa.
Sodalicja Mariańska Akademików w Krakowie w latach 1891-1953
Authors: Krzysztofek Katarzyna
Published: November 2018

Sodalicja Mariańska Akademików w Krakowie w latach 1891-1953
O prawie i doktrynach politycznoprawnych Związku Radzieckiego
Authors: Fiedorczyk Piotr
Published: November 2018

O prawie i doktrynach politycznoprawnych Związku Radzieckiego
Testamente aus der Habsburgermonarchie. Alltagskultur, Recht, Überlieferung. Hrsg. Thomas Olechowski, Christoph Schmetterer, 2011
Authors: Gulczyński Andrzej
Published: November 2018

Testamente aus der Habsburgermonarchie. Alltagskultur, Recht, Überlieferung. Hrsg. Thomas Olechowski, Christoph Schmetterer, 2011
Karl Schlögel, Terror i marzenie. Moskwa 1937, 2012
Authors: Olszewski Henryk
Published: November 2018

Karl Schlögel, Terror i marzenie. Moskwa 1937, 2012
„Dług śmiertelności wypłacić potrzeba”. Wybór testamentów mieszczan krakowskich z XVII-XVIII wieku, opr. Ewa Danowska, 2011
Authors: Gołaszewski Łukasz
Published: November 2018

„Dług śmiertelności wypłacić potrzeba”. Wybór testamentów mieszczan krakowskich z XVII-XVIII wieku, opr. Ewa Danowska, 2011
Międzynarodowa Nagroda Naukowa im. Juliusza Bardacha
Authors: Sudnik-Bardach Wanda
Published: November 2018

Międzynarodowa Nagroda Naukowa im. Juliusza Bardacha
Odnowienie doktoratu Profesora Marka Waldenberga
Authors: Stoczewska Wanda
Published: November 2018

Odnowienie doktoratu Profesora Marka Waldenberga
Jubileusz Profesora Jerzego Malca
Authors: Dziadzio Andrzej
Published: November 2018

Jubileusz Profesora Jerzego Malca
X Zjazd historyków doktryn politycznych i prawnych w Szklarskiej Porębie
Authors: Szymański Łukasz
Published: November 2018

X Zjazd historyków doktryn politycznych i prawnych w Szklarskiej Porębie
Obrona pracy doktorskiej mgra Mikołaja Tarkowskiego
Authors: Wałdoch Jacek
Published: November 2018

Obrona pracy doktorskiej mgra Mikołaja Tarkowskiego
Samorząd w nauczaniu społecznym Kościoła
Authors: Wójcik Stanisław
Published: November 2018

This paper contributes to the deliberations of a doctrinal and comparative nature. It indicates one of the sources providing for the dynamics of the evolution of self-government, the need to promote a new philosophy of self-government, and particularly emphasizes the significance of social personalism. Presentation of this issue allows better comprehension of various aspects of the ideological situation of self-government authorities and local communities.
Liberalizm czy interwencjonizm? Recepta na kryzys
Authors: Kacperska Magdalena
Published: November 2018

The uneven nature of market economy development is particularly visible in the historical perspective. The paper underlines the most important theoretical aspects related to business cycles, the reasons for the emergence of crises, and the practical symptoms of the cyclical development of economies. It also briefly analyzes more significant business fluctuations (crises), their reasons, nature and consequences, as well as the changing responses of the state to such crises. Market imbalance is a result of the continuous game of supply and demand, prices and numerous other factors that determine the growth of national product. The analysis of cyclical fluctuations in business over the period of the last century shows that they are unavoidable, that a period of growth is always followed by that of a fall, and that the pace and size of the former frequently determine the depth of the latter. The paper attempts to evidence that each wave results either from appropriate activity or a limitation of activity of the governments concerned. Liberalism or interventionism? What is the right prescription for a crisis? This question can be answered when we review previous crises and the ways of solving them under concrete economic, historical and social conditions. It appears that at a time when states perform an extensive range of functions for their citizens, it is unavoidable to apply some form of interventionism in a majority of situations. Whereas liberal doctrine and practice decidedly prevail on an everyday basis, in exceptional moments, such as economic crises, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, or other events that threaten the feeling of security, society allows for, or actually demands that the governments take appropriate measures. It expects that the state will offer assistance, and if it is not the state, then maybe some other organization. An economy is a living organism and – as in the case of humans – it has to care for itself to prevent illness, as prevention is always better and easier than cure. Another question arises, though – who is supposed to care for an economy and how?
Determinanty bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Nowe zagrożenia – nowe wyzwania
Authors: Bąk Maciej
Published: November 2018

This paper analyzes the definitions and characterizes the elements related to national security. The author pays particular attention to the change of determinants and threats which significantly influence the way in which a given state’s security is perceived, and how it evolves. In the author’s opinion, at present one can observe the tendency to expand the subject matter and spatial range of national security in international relations, which follows from the internationalization of various realms of social life. It is impossible to improve the national security of a given state while tolerating the disturbances of peace that result from the widening gaps between different parts of the world, or unsolved regional and local conflicts. The main purpose of this paper is to draw the reader’s attention to the changes resulting from the need to adjust the national security system to the new challenges; the changes that not only aim to defy these challenges, but also to prevent the factors that generate them.
Partnerstwo dla Modernizacji w stosunkach niemiecko-rosyjskich
Authors: Koszel Bogdan
Published: November 2018

Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia has become Germany’s main Central European partner. The economic interests and hopes of gigantic contracts to modernize the Russian economy have played a colossal role in German policy. The Government of Chancellor Angela Merkel aspired to shape the Eastern policy of the European Union, and it was highly favorable towards the strategy of Russian modernization to be implemented with the participation of Western partners, as proposed by President Medvedev in 2009. However, this project never went beyond the stage of preliminary agreements, and both sides are increasingly disappointed with its progress. Germany continues to aspire to play the role of the leading EU member state involved in the transformation process in Russia, yet this is no longer treated in terms of the ‘Russia first’ attitude without any reservations. Germans are becoming increasingly aware that their efforts are doomed to fail without true Russian efforts aimed at the democratization of both their public life and economic structures.
The Microstructural Investigation of Vermiculite-Infiltrated Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Ozgurluk Yasin , Doleker Kadir Mert , Ahlatci Hayrettin , Ozkan Dervis , Karaoglanli Abdullah Cahit
Published: November 2018

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used in aerospace and aviation industries for materials required to withstand severe environments such as oxidation, hot-corrosion failure and CMAS (calcia–magnesia–alumina–silica) attack or vermiculite corrosion. This is particularly apparent in vermiculite, which can penetrate sand, volcanic ash and is the most destructive damage mechanism in the TBC system. Impurities from the desert environment such as calcia–magnesia–alumina–silica (CMAS) cause degradation of TBCs. In this research, CoNiCrAlY metallic bond coatings were deposited on Inconel 718 nickel based superalloy substrates with a thickness of around 100 μm using a Cold Gas Dynamic Spray (CGDS) technique. Production of TBCs were carried out with deposition of YSZ ceramic top coating material using Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD), with a thickness of around 200 μm. The effect of CMAS with spreading naturally-occurring mineral (vermiculite) on TBC samples were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure evolution of YSZ and failure mechanism of TBC were evaluated.
„Wer sich aber zum Wurm macht …“ – Würde als Selbstverpflichtung
Authors: Bauer Katharina
Published: November 2018

Kant introduces a duty to oneself to respect oneself and to avoid servility – or notto make oneself a worm. I argue for a wider understanding of this duty: Persons ought to respect their own dignity as persons with autonomy, rationality, and morality (A), but also as personalities, who embody dignity and live a dignified life (B). A corresponds to Kant’s concept of duty as the necessity of an action done out of respect for the moral law, B is an obligation arising from the practical necessity that follows from one’s self-understanding as an individual personality in a socio-cultural context. A and B relate to two types of dignity that are discussed in current debates. I argue that both types of dignity are equally relevant for understanding and respecting one’s own dignity. Finally I discuss why, even though persons can behave like worms, others ought not to step on them.
Sollen und Wollen
Authors: Freitag Wolfgang
Published: November 2018

The paper explores the ontology of ‚ought‘ (Sollen) by analyzing ought-sentences (Sollsätze). It claims that ought-sentences are pragmatically ambiguous between a prescriptive and a descriptive reading, and argues that there is a close connection between the function of prescriptive ought-sentences and the truth conditions of descriptive ought-sentences. More precisely, the paper contends that the truth conditions of descriptive ought-sentences, and thereby oughtness itself, is grounded in desire (Wollen).
Philosophische Praxis für persönliche fragen
Authors: Mühl Martin
Published: November 2018

The claim, renewed some years ago, of being able to advise on personal questions of life seems to bring philosophy into a fundamental conflict with its other claim of promoting human self-determination. However, the conflict only arises if philosophy does not sufficiently distinguish between the social orientation of self-determination towards universality and the subjective orientation of action execution. This is the case both in subjectivist mentalism and in the tradition of philosophy of language. The insufficient distinction prevents philosophy not only from being able to be helpful in the case of action but also from adequately explaining its object, the human orientation of validity. Plessner clarifies the basis of the practical distinction between social validity and subjective action orientation. Against this background we can better understand Socrates’ and Wittgenstein’s views on how philosophy must proceed in discourse if it is to provide assistance in personal questions without paternalism.
The trends in the main thalweg path of selected reaches of the Middle Vistula River, and their relationships to the geological structure of river channel zone
Authors: Falkowski Tomasz , Ostrowski Piotr , Bogucki Marek , Karczmarz Dariusz
Published: November 2018

Research carried out by the authors’ team in the valleys of many rivers in the Polish Lowlands has shown that the contemporary morphodynamics of channel zones is highly influenced by protrusions of erosion-resistant sub-alluvial bedrock. The article presents the results of analysis of two reaches of the Middle Vistula: near Solec nad Wisłą (km 330-340) and Gołąb (km 382-388), where such protrusions have been found. At each of them, two series of bathymetric measurements were carried out during medium and low water levels in the river channel. The measurements were made using hydrographic sets integrated with a GNSS receiver. The first series of measurements was carried out in July 2004, and the second one in September 2016. In parallel with the bathymetric surveys, low-altitude aerial photographs were taken in 2016 to document the morphology of the channel zone and the condition of the river engineering structures. A comparison of the obtained bathymetric maps shows a high correspondence between the thalweg line from 2004 and that observed twelve years later. This phenomenon proves the significance of the bedrock relief beneath the modern alluvial deposits for the water flow process in the channel. The relief causes the flow to concentrate in specific zones so strongly that it contributes to the damage of river engineering structures that put limits on the channel processes. This trend of concentrating the main thalweg is also accompanied by the diversity of depositional environments of river channel facies, identified along the studied reaches.
Lithostratigraphic Classification Method Combining Optimal Texture Window Size Selection and Test Sample Purification Using Landsat 8 OLI Data
Authors: Qiu Yufang , Ming Dongping
Published: November 2018

Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), as a measure of spatial features has been used as supplemental information to improve image classification accuracy for lithological recognition. Window size is an important parameter for texture extraction, which will affect the extracted texture results. Besides, the existence of mixed pixels in image usually causes errors in test samples, which significantly influences the credibility of accuracy assessment. Thus, this paper proposes a lithological classification method combined with optimal texture window size selection and test sample purification. Firstly, optimal window size pre-estimated based on semivariogram was used to calculated GLCM texture of image. Secondly, based on multidimensional textural and spectral features, a support vector machine (SVM) classifier was employed to classify the image. Thirdly, using the proposed sample purification method and textural features of image, sample purification rules were created based on attribute coherence to remove the test sample points that conflicted with the rules. Finally, the validity of the semivariogram-based texture extraction window selection was verified by classifications based on Angular Second Moment (ASM) of different window sizes combined with spectral features. Also, the accuracies between different combinations of classifications were assessed by test samples with and without sample purification. Experimental results show that the pre-estimated texture window size can guarantee a classification result with high classification accuracy for lithological classification. The results also demonstrated that the accuracy of lithological classification based on spectral features and ASM textural features was the highest. The overall lithological classification accuracy and kappa value, without sample purification selected by stratified sampling, were respectively 87.4% and 0.84, however those with sample purification were respectively 88.01% and 0.85. The results show that the proposed method is capable of yielding more reliable lithostratigraphic identification.
The evaluation of geosites in the territory of National park „Kopaonik“(Serbia)
Authors: Vukoičić Danijela , Milosavljević Saša , Valjarević Aleksandar , Nikolić Milena , Srećković-Batoćanin Danica
Published: November 2018

In the relatively small area of the National Park (NP) „Kopaonik“ a lot of exogenous and endogenous processes took part and continue to act until present day. In this paper are presented the geotouristic resources evaluation results for six geosites in the NP „Kopaonik“. The experts on this field gave their assessment in three versions. The first one is concerned with the evaluation of the educative contents, the second one is concerned with the evaluation of geotouristic values, while the third version, which is based on the Modified Geosite Assessment Model (M-GAM) offers the assessment regarding education, aesthetic significance, protection, functional and touristic values. The M-GAM method takes in consideration the opinion of visitors along with the estimation of subindicators given by experts, on whom relies the previous two versions. The include of visitors in the evaluation process leads to more objective estimations. Results obtained by this study can be useful for the improvement and planning of touristic activities on geosites because, bearing in mind their significance for the tourists, they indicate on the lower values that require more attention in the future.
Development and Experimental Evaluation of Leakage Current Measurement Sensor for Electrical Power Apparatus
Authors: Rao Mandava Mohana , Kumar Mritunjay , L Archana
Published: November 2018

Leakage current measurement plays an important role in determining the healthiness of high voltage insulation of a power apparatus. High voltage (HV) insulation degrades due to electrical, thermal and mechanical ageing and their cumulative effects, and thus the leakage current of the insulation increase over a period of time. The accurate and real time measurement of leakage current enables the utilities to on-line access the healthiness of the insulation. This paper describes about the design, development, calibration and testing of a novel non-contact type passive leakage current sensor which can be used for monitoring of various electrical devices based on the analysis of the leakage current captured by the sensor. The developed sensor has been successfully used for measurement of leakage current in oil-filled HV bushings as well as in gas insulated surge arresters. The sensitivity of the developed sensor as per its design can be in the order of few milli amperes in case of bushing and in the order few micro amperes for surge arrester monitoring. The paper also reported a novel design of bushing adapter-sensor assembly for on-line measuring the leakage current in HV bushings without using the conventional capacitive or resistive tapping based measurements. Further, results covering experimental leakage current measurement on a 420 kV bushing using the developed adapter sensor assembly have also been presented. To establish capabilities of the developed sensor with optimized design parameters, laboratory measurements of leakage current on 420 kV and 145 kV GIS surge arresters have also been carried out and reported in the paper. Third harmonic content of surge arrester leakage current has also been estimated in-line with IEC requirement to assess the healthiness of the surge arrester. Finally, suitability of the developed sensor for leakage current measurement of above power apparatus equipment has also been analyzed and discussed.
Teaching Diagnostic Reasoning: A Review of Evidence-Based Interventions
Authors: Burt Leah , Corbridge Susan
Published: November 2018

Problem/Background: The ability to accurately diagnose patients based on symptom profiles is a vital yet challenging skill that Nurse Practitioners (NPs) undertake frequently. Purpose: This integrative literature review highlights a variety of evidence based, practical educational strategies that foster the development of diagnostic reasoning. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted in order to identify original research focusing on diagnostic reasoning educational interventions. Results: Eighteen primary sources met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results are synthesized in terms of sample and setting, methodological features, interventions, and outcomes. Interventions broadly fit into five educational themes: testing strategies, cognitive biases, simulation programs, course formats, and instructional approaches. Discussion: Interventions are simple and can be implemented in multiple educational settings. Future research should occur in populations of NP students. Validated, easy-to-use measurement tools as well as more precise diagnostic reasoning concept development should occur.
Weak group inverse
Authors: Wang Hongxing , Chen Jianlong
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we introduce the weak group inverse (called as the WG inverse in the present paper) for square complex matrices of an arbitrary index, and give some of its characterizations and properties. Furthermore, we introduce two orders: one is a pre-order and the other is a partial order, and derive several characterizations of the two orders. The paper ends with a characterization of the core EP order using WG inverses.
Fast tetrahedral mesh generation and segmentation of an atlas-based heart model using a periodic uniform grid
Authors: Vasilev Eugene , Lachinov Dmitry , Grishin Anton , Turlapov Vadim
Published: November 2018

A fast procedure for generation of regular tetrahedral finite element mesh for objects with complex shape cavities is proposed. The procedure like LBIE-Mesher can generate tetrahedral meshes for the volume interior to a polygonal surface, or for an interval volume between two surfaces having a complex shape and defined in STL-format. This procedure consists of several stages: generation of a regular tetrahedral mesh that fills the volume of the required object; generation of clipping for the uniform grid parts by a boundary surface; shifting vertices of the boundary layer to align onto the surface.We present a sequential and parallel implementation of the algorithm and compare their performance with existing generators of tetrahedral grids such as TetGen, NETGEN, and CGAL. The current version of the algorithm using the mobile GPU is about 5 times faster than NETGEN. The source code of the developed software is available on GitHub.
Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Land Reclamation Development in Indonesia
Authors: Slamet Nuryanto S. , Dargusch Paul , Aziz Ammar A. , Wadley David
Published: November 2018

Land reclamation activities can, directly and indirectly, impact the environment. Examples of direct effects include alterations in coastal geomorphology, variations in the chemical content of water and changes in biological composition along the littoral zone. The indirect impacts can involve geological changes and increase vulnerability to natural disasters. Reclamation processes also result in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from vehicle and machinery fuel use and through the release of carbon stored in vegetation, soils and sediment in mangroves and seagrass ecosystems. Considering the global extent of land reclamation, the scale of these emissions is likely to be of widespread interest. The case of Jakarta Bay provides useful insights that can contribute to the improved environmental management of kindred land development projects in Indonesia and other parts of Asia. More than 5,100 ha of new land mass is planned from the Jakarta Bay reclamation. Preliminary analysis suggests that 30% of the planned area will require more than 150.7 million cubic metres of sand sourced from 8,628 ha of marine quarry area. In this study, we examine the sources of GHG emissions in these activities and the potential opportunities available to reduce them. The audience for this paper includes policymakers, environmental practitioners, city developers and postgraduate scholars dealing with land reclamation or other major infrastructure developments.
Mean-Variance QTL Mapping Identifies Novel QTL for Circadian Activity and Exploratory Behavior in Mice
Authors: Corty Robert W , Kumar Vivek , Tarantino Lisa M , Takahashi Joseph S , Valdar William
Published: November 2018

We illustrate, through two case studies, that “mean-variance QTL mapping”—QTL mapping that models effects on the mean and the variance simultaneously—can discover QTL that traditional interval mapping cannot. Mean-variance QTL mapping is based on the double generalized linear model, which extends the standard linear model used in interval mapping by incorporating not only a set of genetic and covariate effects for mean but also set of such effects for the residual variance. Its potential for use in QTL mapping has been described previously, but it remains underutilized, with certain key advantages undemonstrated until now. In the first case study, a reduced complexity intercross of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mice examining circadian behavior, our reanalysis detected a mean-controlling QTL for circadian wheel running activity that interval mapping did not; mean-variance QTL mapping was more powerful than interval mapping at the QTL because it accounted for the fact that mice homozygous for the C57BL/6N allele had less residual variance than other mice. In the second case study, an intercross between C57BL/6J and C58/J mice examining anxiety-like behaviors, our reanalysis detected a variance-controlling QTL for rearing behavior; interval mapping did not identify this QTL because it does not target variance QTL. We believe that the results of these reanalyses, which in other respects largely replicated the original findings, support the use of mean-variance QTL mapping as standard practice.
QTL Mapping on a Background of Variance Heterogeneity
Authors: Corty Robert W , Valdar William
Published: November 2018

Standard QTL mapping procedures seek to identify genetic loci affecting the phenotypic mean while assuming that all individuals have the same residual variance. But when the residual variance differs systematically between groups, perhaps due to a genetic or environmental factor, such standard procedures can falter: in testing for QTL associations, they attribute too much weight to observations that are noisy and too little to those that are precise, resulting in reduced power and and increased susceptibility to false positives. The negative effects of such “background variance heterogeneity” (BVH) on standard QTL mapping have received little attention until now, although the subject is closely related to work on the detection of variance-controlling genes. Here we use simulation to examine how BVH affects power and false positive rate for detecting QTL affecting the mean (mQTL), the variance (vQTL), or both (mvQTL). We compare linear regression for mQTL and Levene’s test for vQTL, with tests more recently developed, including tests based on the double generalized linear model (DGLM), which can model BVH explicitly. We show that, when used in conjunction with a suitable permutation procedure, the DGLM-based tests accurately control false positive rate and are more powerful than the other tests. We also find that some adverse effects of BVH can be mitigated by applying a rank inverse normal transform. We apply our novel approach, which we term “mean-variance QTL mapping”, to publicly available data on a mouse backcross and, after accommodating BVH driven by sire, detect a new mQTL for bodyweight.
Evolutionary Quantitative Genetics of Genomic Imprinting
Authors: O’Brien Eleanor K , Wolf Jason B
Published: November 2018

Genomic imprinting creates a difference in how maternal and paternal gene copies contribute to quantitative genetic variation and evolutionary change. To fully understand these impacts, O’Brien and Wolf develop a definitive extension to the classic....

Genomic imprinting shapes the genotype–phenotype relationship by creating an asymmetry between the influences of paternally and maternally inherited gene copies. Consequently, imprinting can impact heritable and nonheritable variation, resemblance of relatives, and evolutionary dynamics. Although previous analyses have identified some of the quantitative genetic consequences of imprinting, we lack a framework that cleanly separates the influence of imprinting from other components of variation, particularly dominance. Here we apply a simple orthogonal genetic model to evaluate the roles of genetic (additive and dominance) and epigenetic (imprinting) effects. Imprinting increases the resemblance of relatives who share the expressed allele, and therefore increases variance among families of full or half-siblings. However, only part of this increased variance is heritable and contributes to selection responses. When selection is within, or among, families sharing only a single parent (half-siblings), which is common in selective breeding programs, imprinting can alter overall responses. Selection is more efficient when it acts among families sharing the expressed parent, or within families sharing the parent with lower expression. Imprinting also affects responses to sex-specific selection. When selection is on the sex whose gene copy has lower expression, the response is diminished or delayed the next generation, although the long-term response is unaffected. Our findings have significant implications for understanding patterns of variation, interpretation of short-term selection responses, and the efficacy of selective breeding programs, demonstrating the importance of considering the independent influence of genomic imprinting in quantitative genetics.
Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance Is Negatively Regulated by the HERI-1 Chromodomain Protein
Authors: Perales Roberto , Pagano Daniel , Wan Gang , Fields Brandon D , Saltzman Arneet L , Kennedy Scott G
Published: November 2018

Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI) is the inheritance of epigenetic information for two or more generations. In most cases, TEI is limited to a small number of generations (two to three). The short-term nature of TEI could be set by innate biochemical limitations to TEI or by genetically encoded systems that actively limit TEI. In Caenorhabditis elegans, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated gene silencing [RNAi (RNA interference)] can be inherited (termed RNAi inheritance or RNA-directed TEI). To identify systems that might actively limit RNA-directed TEI, we conducted a forward genetic screen for factors whose mutation enhanced RNAi inheritance. This screen identified the gene heritable enhancer of RNAi (heri-1), whose mutation causes RNAi inheritance to last longer (> 20 generations) than normal. heri-1 encodes a protein with a chromodomain, and a kinase homology domain that is expressed in germ cells and localizes to nuclei. In C. elegans, a nuclear branch of the RNAi pathway [termed the nuclear RNAi or NRDE (nuclear RNA defective) pathway] promotes RNAi inheritance. We find that heri-1(−) animals have defects in spermatogenesis that are suppressible by mutations in the nuclear RNAi Argonaute (Ago) HRDE-1, suggesting that HERI-1 might normally act in sperm progenitor cells to limit nuclear RNAi and/or RNAi inheritance. Consistent with this idea, we find that the NRDE nuclear RNAi pathway is hyperresponsive to experimental RNAi treatments in heri-1 mutant animals. Interestingly, HERI-1 binds to genes targeted by RNAi, suggesting that HERI-1 may have a direct role in limiting nuclear RNAi and, therefore, RNAi inheritance. Finally, the recruitment of HERI-1 to chromatin depends upon the same factors that drive cotranscriptional gene silencing, suggesting that the generational perdurance of RNAi inheritance in C. elegans may be set by competing pro- and antisilencing outputs of the nuclear RNAi machinery.
Distinct Roles for Peroxisomal Targeting Signal Receptors Pex5 and Pex7 in Drosophila
Authors: Di Cara Francesca , Rachubinski Richard A , Simmonds Andrew J
Published: November 2018

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous membrane-enclosed organelles involved in lipid processing and reactive oxygen detoxification. Mutations in human peroxisome biogenesis genes (Peroxin, PEX, or Pex) cause developmental disabilities and often early death. Pex5 and Pex7 are receptors that recognize different peroxisomal targeting signals called PTS1 and PTS2, respectively, and traffic proteins to the peroxisomal matrix. We characterized mutants of Drosophila melanogaster Pex5 and Pex7 and found that adult animals are affected in lipid processing. Pex5 mutants exhibited severe developmental defects in the embryonic nervous system and muscle, similar to what is observed in humans with PEX5 mutations, while Pex7 fly mutants were weakly affected in brain development, suggesting different roles for fly Pex7 and human PEX7. Of note, although no PTS2-containing protein has been identified in Drosophila, Pex7 from Drosophila can function as a bona fide PTS2 receptor because it can rescue targeting of the PTS2-containing protein thiolase to peroxisomes in PEX7 mutant human fibroblasts.
Analysis of Repeat Induced Point (RIP) Mutations in Leptosphaeria maculans Indicates Variability in the RIP Process Between Fungal Species
Authors: Van de Wouw Angela P , Elliott Candace E , Popa Kerryn M , Idnurm Alexander
Published: November 2018

Gene duplication contributes to evolutionary potential, yet many duplications in a genome arise from the activity of “selfish” genetic elements such as transposable elements. Fungi have a number of mechanisms by which they limit the expansion of transposons, including Repeat Induced Point mutation (RIP). RIP has been best characterized in the Sordariomycete Neurospora crassa, wherein duplicated DNA regions are recognized after cell fusion, but before nuclear fusion during the sexual cycle, and then mutated. While “signatures” of RIP appear in the genome sequences of many fungi, the species most distant from N. crassa in which the process has been experimentally demonstrated to occur is the Dothideomycete Leptosphaeria maculans. In the current study, we show that similar to N. crassa, nonlinked duplications can trigger RIP; however, the frequency of the generated RIP mutations is extremely low in L maculans (< 0.1%) and requires a large duplication to initiate RIP, and that multiple premeiotic mitoses are involved in the RIP process. However, a single sexual cycle leads to the generation of progeny with unique haplotypes, despite progeny pairs being generated from mitosis. We hypothesize that these different haplotypes may be the result of the deamination process occurring post karyogamy, leading to unique mutations within each of the progeny pairs. These findings indicate that the RIP process, while common to many fungi, differs between fungi and that this impacts on the fate of duplicated DNA.
Estudio de factibilidad del aprovechamiento económico de una especie invasora Hypostomus plecostomus en el humedal de Caño Negro, Costa Rica.
Authors: Fonseca-Álvarez Raúl , Vargas-Alpízar Paulina
Published: November 2018

El humedal que se presenta en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Mixto Caño Negro tiene una presencia abundante de la especie invasora denominada pez pleco, la cual afecta al ecosistema nativo y genera consecuencias socioeconómicas para los habitantes de la zona. El objetivo de este estudio, fue evaluar la factibilidad técnica y financiera de una alternativa para el aprovechamiento económico de la especie invasora. A partir de la revisión secundaria de datos, aplicación de encuestas, entrevistas a expertos y trabajo de campo. La alternativa productiva analizada es la elaboración de harina de pescado para consumo animal (vacuno de engorde). El proyecto posee una sólida justificación, con resultados positivos en el estudio técnico y financiero, donde se obtiene una tasa interna de retorno del 2%, y valor actual neto de los ingresos ¢35 729 676, adicionalmente se generará empleo en la zona. Sin embargo, el componente legal frena en el corto plazo, la ejecución del proyecto. Dado que, en la actualidad, solo se permite en cuerpos de agua continentales la pesca por medio de cuerda y el pez pleco no puede ser capturado mediante estos, por lo que se requeriría una modificación a la Ley actual. El trabajo generó una metodología base para el análisis futuro para la evaluación de proyectos productivos que busquen el aprovechamiento económico, cuyas poblaciones requieran ser controladas por sus efectos negativos en los ecosistemas locales.
Constructive work and reclaiming the commons as decolonizing nonviolent resistance
Authors: CHABOT Sean
Published: November 2018

Scholars of nonviolent resistance, in particular, almost exclusively focus on oppositional action against oppressive forces. They pay much less attention to positive dimensions of resistance that allow practitioners to create alternative social relationships and ways of life. As a result, studies on nonviolent resistance tend to take “the colonizer’s model of the world” for granted. This article contest the prevailing approach by drawing on Gandhi, on the one hand, and autonomist Marxist and anarchist literature, on the other, to explore decolonizing forms of nonviolent resistance. It argues that Gandhi’s “constructive program” and autonomist Marxist thought on “reclaiming the commons” offer tools that are relevant for innovative research on decolonizing nonviolent resistance. And it shows that the Zapatista movement and revolutionary Zapatista women are on the frontlines of experiments with constructive work and autonomous commons in the world today. They demonstrate to scholars as well as activists that revolutionary nonviolence for dignity and self-rule remains possible.
On consolidation: Nonviolent struggle as resource for democratic citizenship
Authors: BAYER Markus
Published: November 2018

After the Colour Revolutions and the Arab Spring the research, linking nonviolent resistance (NVR) and democratisation increased drastically. Nevertheless, research focussing on the effect on democratic consolidation remains scarce. Based on a neo-Tocquevillean understanding of democracy, I argue that NVR against authoritarian rule provides important resources for the development of democratic citizenship and can positively affect democratisation. Because of the struggle for democracy, the individual agency of each citizen rises, enabling him/her to participate and to resist backlashes if necessary. On a collective level and transgressing the circle of the participating activist, the collective agency of the whole population is sustainably affected in creating a collective narrative of the successful struggle of the people. These successful and iconic events provide opportunities to reconnect renewed mass mobilization. Finally yet importantly, such movements are embedded into an international context. Waves of contention like the Arab Spring leave international networks of activists and supporters.
Las voces étnicas en el Acuerdo de Paz de Colombia: una resistencia ontológica
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ IGLESIAS Ana Isabel
Published: November 2018

Este artículo explora, desde el concepto de resistencia ontológica, la movilización que los líderes indígenas y afrocolombianos realizaron para reclamar un espacio como pueblos colectivos autónomos en las negociaciones de paz entre el gobierno de Colombia y las FARC-EP. Fruto de este ejercicio de resistencia, las comunidades lograron incluir un Capítulo Étnico en el Acuerdo Final de Paz que representó una victoria simbólica para su autonomía. A través del análisis del discurso, argumentamos que la construcción de paz para los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes pasa por el respecto a sus ontologías relacionales, su autonomía y su autodeterminación.
Equation of State of Quantum Gases Beyond the Van der Waals Approximation
Authors: Bugaev K. A. , Ivanytskyi A. I. , Sagun V. V. , Nikonov E. G. , Zinovjev G. M.
Published: November 2018

A recently suggested equation of state with the induced surface tension is generalized to the case of quantum gases with mean-field interaction. The self-consistency conditions of such a model and the conditions necessary for the Third Law of thermodynamics to be satisfied are found. The quantum virial expansion of the van der Waals models of such a type is analyzed, and its virial coefficients are given. In contrast to traditional beliefs, it is shown that an inclusion of the third and higher virial coefficients of a gas of hard spheres into the interaction pressure of the van der Waals models either breaks down the Third Law of thermodynamics or does not allow one to go beyond the van der Waals approximation at low temperatures. It is demonstrated that the generalized equation of state with the induced surface tension allows one to avoid such problems and to safely go beyond the van der Waals approximation. In addition, the effective virial expansion for the quantum version of the induced surface tension equation of state is established, and all corresponding virial coefficients are found exactly. The explicit expressions for the true quantum virial coefficients of an arbitrary order of this equation of state are given in the low-density approximation. A few basic constraints on such models which are necessary to describe the nuclear and hadronic matter properties are discussed.
A Comparison of Proximity Potentials in the Analysis of Heavy-Ion Elastic Cross Sections
Authors: Aygun M.
Published: November 2018

To obtain alternative nuclear potentials is very important in explaining the heavy-ion reactions, as well as light-ion ones. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis of six different proximity potentials ([1, 9–12, 15]) is performed for the first time in the present study. In order to see the availability of the potentials, the elastic-scattering angular distributions of 40Ca by different target nuclei from 32S to 208Pb are calculated within the framework of the optical model. The theoretical results are compared with each other and with experimental data. The similarities and differences of the potentials are discussed, and some alternative potentials are proposed.
Властивості періодичних структур, утворених впоряд-куванням наночастинок срібла в полімерній матриці методом голографічної літографії
Authors: Hryn V. O. , Yezhov P. V. , Kutsenko O. S. , Smirnova T. M.
Published: November 2018

Дослiджено властивостi об’ємних одно- та двовимiрних перiодичних структур, утворених наночастинками срiбла в полiмернiй матрицi. Особливiстю структур є те, що термо- або фотостимульований синтез наночастинок срiбла вiдбувається в полiмернiй матрицi з попередньо розподiленого методом голографiчної лiтографiї прекурсору металу. На основi просторового рiдкокристалiчного модулятора свiтла оптимiзовано схему багатопучкового голографiчного запису. Розглядаються механiзми формування перiодичних структур пiд дiєю iнтерференцiйного поля i синтезу наночастинок срiбла. Вивчається зв’язок спектральних властивостей отриманих структур з характеристиками наночастинок та їх просторовим розподiлом в полiмернiй матрицi.
Simulation Results of Coherent Light in a Modified Microring Resonator
Authors: Tran Q. L. , Ali J. , Amiri I. S. , Yupapin P.
Published: November 2018

By using short Gaussian pulses from a monochromatic light source as input ones, we simulate the photon distribution and analyze the output signals of a nonlinear microring resonator with two nonlinear side rings. Such a configuration is called a Panda ring resonator, which is a modified add-drop filter with two alongside phase modulators. We consider the directional couplers, which are characterized by two parameters, i.e., the power coupling coefficient (к) and the power coupling loss (y). The nonlinear refractive index (n2) of the phase modulator affects the center ring and reveals more interesting aspects. The simulation model is constructed, and the results obtained with the use of a combination of the Lumerical FDTD and MODE programs are presented. The photon is conceptually interpreted in terms of a wave packet and discussed for possible applications.
Impact of the Flexoelectric Coupling and Electrostriction on the Dispersion of Soft Phonon Modes and Neutron Scattering in Ferroelectrics
Authors: Scherbakov C. M.
Published: November 2018

Within the Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire (LGD) theory framework, the impact of the flexocoupling and electrostriction on the soft phonon dispersion and neutron scattering spectra is analyzed, and analytical expressions are derived. The impact of the higher gradient term in the LGD functional is studied analytically. The existence of incommensurate modulations in a temperature interval higher than the Curie temperature TC, but lower than the temperature of incommensurate phase transition TIC, TC < T < TIC, and under the condition of the flexocoefficient magnitude ranging over the critical value, |f| > fcr(T), is established. The influence of the dynamic flexocoefficient M, suggested in [1], on phonon spectra is studied. We consider various parameters of the free energy functional; especially, we have discovered a significant contribution of the electrostriction to the appearance of a commensurate phase. In the recent years, the various methods based on the neutron scattering acquire more applications to study phonons in solid crystals. We have analyzed neutron scattering spectra and shown that theoretical predictions are in a very good agreement with observed data.
New altitudinal distribution record and updated geographic distribution of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 (Crustacea, Trichodactylidae)
Authors: Brito-Fonseca Vanessa , Alencar Carlos , Moraes Savio , Vale Valéria , Freire Fúlvio
Published: November 2018

The freshwater crab Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 is recorded here for the first time, at an altitude above 1000 m a.s.l. Sampling was performed in the Grota stream in Campos das Vertentes, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This new record extends the known altitudinal distribution to 1115 m a.s.l., which significantly contributes to understanding the conditioning limits and factors for this species’ distribution. Moreover, the occurrence of an ectosymbiont platyhelminth of the genus Temnocephala is also reported on the crabs collected.