bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus is associated with lower mortality in intensive care unit: a multicenter historical cohort study
Authors: Hu Chang , Hu Bo , Wang Jing , Peng Zhiyong , Kashani Kianoush B. , Li Jianguo
Published: November 2020

Background: The association of pre-existing diabetes mellitus and outcomes among critically ill patients remains unknown.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients who were covered by the eICU Collaborative Research Database from 2014 to 2015. DM was the exposure of interest, and diabetic individuals were adjudicated by the medical history, and blood glucose level (BGL). We abstracted basic characteristics, laboratory variables, and primary exposures. ICU mortality was the primary outcome.Results: In a cohort of 134,429 critically ill patients (male 54.4%, median age 66 [54-77] years, BMI 28[24-33] kg/m2), the prevalence of DM was 29%. In comparison with nondiabetics, DM patients were older, more obese, had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-IV score, and ICU admission BGL. In comparison with nondiabetics, pre-existing DM was associated with lower ICU mortality (OR: 0.846, 95%CI: 0.791-0.905). In multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard analyses, pre-existing DM was associated with decreased odds of ICU mortality in hyperglycemic patients (>163 mg/dL), higher APACHE IV score (>67), middle to old age (45-75 years), sepsis and morbid obesity (BMI>35 kg/m2). Also, in comparison with nondiabetics, pre-existing DM was associated with lower mortality among those with higher mean BGL (>128 mg/dL), and higher mortality in lower mean BGL (<107 mg/dL). Conclusions: In comparison with nondiabetics, pre-existing DM is associated with a lower adjusted ICU mortality. This association is stronger in DM patients with hyperglycemia, obesity, sepsis, middle to old age, and higher APACHE IV score.
Machine Learning Based Predictors for COVID-19 Disease Severity
Authors: Patel Dhruv , Kher Vikram , Desai Bhushan , Lei Xiaomeng , Cen Steven , Nanda Neha , Gholamrezanezhad Ali , Duddalwar Vinay , Varghese Bino , Oberai Assad A
Published: November 2020

Predictors of the need for intensive care and mechanical ventilation can help healthcare systems in planning for surge capacity for COVID-19. We used socio-demographic data, clinical data, and blood panel profile data at the time of initial presentation to develop machine learning algorithms for predicting the need for intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Among the algorithms considered, the Random Forest classifier performed the best with AUC = 0.80 for predicting ICU need and AUC = 0.82 for predicting the need for mechanical ventilation. We also determined the most influential features in making this prediction, and concluded that all three categories of data are important. Finally, we determined the relative importance of blood panel profile data and noted that the AUC dropped by 0.12 units when this data was not included, thus indicating that it provided valuable data in predicting disease severity.
Development and validity of the Korean Psychiatric Triage Algorithm
Authors: Ha Jeongmin , Jang Kyeongmin , An Misuk
Published: November 2020

Background Psychiatric triage algorithm can improve the quality of care by providing a systematic method for classifying the severity of patients experiencing psychiatric crisis in the emergency room and by determining the optimal time frame for intervention. The aim of the present study was to test the professional validity and clinical validity of a psychiatric triage algorithm developed for use in South Korea.Methods The initial algorithm was developed through systematic literature review. Its validity was then verified by 10 experts. Based on results of expert validity, the algorithm was modified and the final algorithm was developed.Results Its clinical validity was then verified by 30 emergency room nurses who had used triage. Four questions of expert validity results with a CVI of 0.8 or less were revised to reflect expert opinion. The clinical validity of the final modified algorithm was 2.9 ~ 3.47.Conclusion The use of highly validity psychiatric triage algorithm by ER (Emergency Room) nurses not only can improve the quality of care, but also can improve patient outcomes and experience.
Case studies of comprehensive gas control method during fully mechanized caving of low permeability ultra-thick coal seams
Authors: Jiang Bangyou , Gu Shitan , Tan Yunliang , Zhang Guangchao , Zhang Jihua
Published: November 2020

Slicing fully mechanized caving mining now is a common high-efficiency mining method for ultra-thick coal seams. However, effective gas control has remained a difficulty in fully mechanized top-coal caving mining of low permeability ultra-thick coal seams. This study focused on mining of the #9-15 coal in Liuhuanggou Coal Mine, Xinjiang Province, China, and combined theoretical analyses and field test results for exploring comprehensive gas control methods for fully mechanized caving of low permeability ultra-thick coal seams. The No. (9-15)06 panel is a top slicing panel of the #9-15 coal with a mining height of 9 m, and the No. (4-5)02 goaf is located on the top of the panel. Through analysis, gas emissions in the No. (9-15)06 panel were mainly sourced from the coal wall, caving of top coal, goaf, and neighboring coal seams. A comprehensive gas control method based on source separation was proposed, which combined gas pre-drainage along the coal seam, high-position drilling on the top, pre-burial of pipes in the goaf, and pressure-balancing ventilation. Considering the poor gas pre-drainage effect for low permeability coal seams, the permeability of the coal seam was enhanced using hydraulic fracturing. According to coal seam and crustal stress distribution characteristics, the arrangement of the boreholes and backward segmented fracturing technology were designed. Field data show that coal underwent remarkable pre-fracturing under hydraulic fracturing. Mean gas pre-drainage from the boreholes was enhanced by nearly 4 times compared to the pre-hydraulic fracturing state. Finally, using the proposed comprehensive control method based on the gas sources, field tests were performed in the No. (9-15)06 panel. Field measurement data demonstrate that gas concentration in the return airflow fluctuated within a range of 0.05%~0.35%, i.e., gas concentration did not exceed the standard. The proposed gas control method can provide insightful reference for the other similar projects.
Leg Ulcers in Sickle Cell Disease: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Duru Augustine Nwakuche , Ukoma Chi-kadibia Theophilus , Okoye Helen Chioma , Nna Emmanuel Okechukwu , Iloanya Peter Chika , Ngene Samuel Osobuchi , Nnamani Amaka Obiageli , Ikegwulonu Richard Chinaza , Daboer Jonathan C , Ezeonu Chinonyelum Thecla , Onwuchekwa Eunice Chinemerem , Olaoluwa OLANIYAN Kayode , ADEOLA Olatoun Adefunke , Okeke Uchenna Ifeoma , Okoye Ifeoma Joy
Published: November 2020

Background: Sickle cell disease affects about 112 per 100,000 live births globally. Leg ulcer is a major and clinically challenging complication of sickle cell disease. It affects about 1.0 -75 % of SCDs with exact prevalence unknown. This study aims to determine pooled prevalence of leg ulcer in sickle cell disease as well as evaluate moderating effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms, patient’s age and sex, geographical locations, treatment modalities and expression of plasma cytokines.Methods: A search strategy is developed using MeSH, text words and entry terms. Nine databases will be searched: PuMed, African Journal Online, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science and ResearchGate. Only observational studies, retrievable in the English language will be included. The primary outcome is the proportion of leg ulcers in sickle cell disease. The effect size is prevalence. Identified studies will be screened and selected based on inclusion criteria using EndNote version 9. Quality scores and risk of bias for individual studies will be reported. Studies will be assessed for methodological, clinical, and statistical heterogeneity. Funnel Plots will be used to assess publication bias. Extracted data items will be arranged in Microsoft Excel before exporting them to CMA software for quantitative analysis. The random model computation for pooled effect size will be used. Results including pooled prevalence, standard error, 95 % CI and subgroup analysis will be presented in forest plots. Discussion: Ethical approval will not be required since this study is based on published data. This protocol will enable reproducible and accurate estimation of pooled prevalence of leg ulcers and effects of moderators in sickle cell disease. The data from such review will stimulate further research into leg ulcers in SCD. The final report of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and the findings will be made available to various health experts that manage SCD patients especially haematologists.Trial Registration Number: This protocol is registered in PROSPERO; with registration number CRD42020213310.
Identification of a novel mutation in the KITLG gene in a Chinese family with familial progressive hyper- and hypopigmentation
Authors: Wang Jianbo , Li Weisheng , Zhou Naihui , Liu Jingliu , Zhang Shoumin , Li Xueli , Li Zhenlu , Yang Ziliang , Sun Miao , Li Min
Published: November 2020

Background: Familial progressive hyper- and hypopigmentation (FPHH, MIM 145250) is a rare hereditary skin disorder that is predominantly characterized by progressive, diffuse, partly blotchy hyperpigmented lesions intermingled with scattered hypopigmented spots, lentigines and sometimes Cafe-au-lait spots (CALs). Heterozygous mutations of the KIT ligand (KITLG, MIM 184745) gene are responsible for FPHH. To date, only eight KITLG mutations have been reported to be associated with FPHH, and no clear genotype-phenotype correlations have been established. This study aimed to identify the causative mutations in the KITLG gene in two Chinese FPHH patients.Methods: Direct sequencing of the coding regions of KITLG was performed. Pathogenicity prediction was performed using bioinformatics tools, including SIFT, Polyphen2, and SWISS-MODEL, and the results were further evaluated according to the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines.Results: The novel mutation c.104A>T (p.Asn35Ile) and the recurrent mutation c.101C>T (p.Thr34Ile) in KITLG were identified. As shown using SIFT and Polyphen-2 software, both mutations identified in this study were predicted to be detrimental variations. Three-dimensional protein structure modeling indicated that the mutant KITLG proteins might affect the affinity of KITLG for its receptor, c-KIT. According to the 2015 ACMG guidelines, the novel mutation c.104A>T was ‘likely pathogenic’.Conclusions: To date, most of the identified KITLG mutations have been clustered within the conserved VTNNV motif (amino acids 33-37) in exon 2. The known mutations are only involved in 33V, 34T, 36N, and 37V but not 35N. We have now identified a novel mutation in KITLG, c.104A>T, that was first reported in FPHH within the conserved 35N motif. These results strengthen our understanding of FPHH and expand the mutational spectrum of the KITLG gene.
Economic burden of eating disorders in South Korea
Authors: Lee Sang Min , Hong Minha , Park Saengryeol , Kang Won Sub , Oh In-Hwan
Published: November 2020

BackgroundFew studies have investigated the epidemiology of eating disorders using national representative data. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and economic burden of eating disorders in South Korea.MethodsThe aim of this study was to estimate the medical expenditure of diagnosed eating disorders (ICD F50.x) in South Korea between 2010 and 2015. We also examined the economic costs of eating disorders, including the direct medical cost, direct non-medical costs, and indirect costs, in order to calculate the economic burden of such disorders.ResultsThe total prevalence of eating disorders in South Korea was 12.02 people (per 100 000) in 2010, and 13.28 in 2015. The cost of medical expenditures due to eating disorders increased from USD 1 229 724 in 2010 to USD 1 843 706 in 2015. The total economic cost of eating disorders was USD 5 455 626 in 2015. In 2015, the economic cost and prevalence of eating disorders was the highest in the 20–29 age group.ConclusionsThe results showed the eating disorders are insufficiently managed in the medical insurance system. Further research is therefore warranted to better understand the economic burdens of each type of eating disorder.
25-gauge vitrectomy with gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: experienced vs. inexperienced surgeons
Authors: Pencak Martin , Veith Miroslav , Stranak Zbynek , Dite Jakub , Vranova Jana , Studeny Pavel
Published: November 2020

Introduction: To compare the results and complication rates of a 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between experienced and inexperienced surgeons.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective comparative consecutive case series study of patients with uncomplicated RRD treated with 25g PPV with gas tamponade. Patients were divided into 2 groups: In experienced surgeon group (ESG) the procedure was performed by an experienced vitreoretinal surgeon and in inexperienced surgeon group (ISG) the procedure was performed by 2 inexperienced surgeons. Anatomical and functional results and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Results: 216 eyes were included in the study. In the ESG (106 eyes), the single operation success rate was 94.3%, and the final success rate was 100%. In the ISG (110 eyes), the single operation success rate was 93.6%, and the final success rate was 100.0%. The difference in single surgery success rate between groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.828). The mean postoperative BCVA improvement was 0.348 decimal in ESG and 0.405 decimal in ISG (P = 0.234). The difference in complication rates between groups was not significant.Conclusions: A 25g PPV with gas tamponade for treatment of RRD yields excellent anatomical results and improvement in BCVA. With good technique and use of modern vitrectomy machines and instruments, even inexperienced surgeons can achieve high single operation success rate, suggesting a short learning curve. The complication rate is comparable between experienced and inexperienced surgeons.
60Co Irradiation Influences Germination and Phenotype of Three Pavonia Species
Authors: Yue Yongjun , Ruter John M.
Published: November 2020

The genus Pavonia is one of the largest genera in the Malvaceae species; it is mainly distributed in South America. Three species of Pavonia were identified based on different flower colors and potential for landscape use in the southeastern United States. These species produce a large amount of seed at the end of the blooming season, which is not ideal for ornamental use. To reduce the seed set, gamma irradiation was used for mutation induction and propensity to induce compactness and sterility. A preliminary study indicated that the seed of Pavonia hastata would germinate at irradiation rates up to 2000 Gy. Seeds of three species were treated with six different dose rates ranging from 0 Gy to 1000 Gy to determine the ideal rate for Pavonia breeding and how gamma irradiation affected seed germination. M1 (the first mutant generation) P. lasiopetala and P. missionum were sown in 2018 and planted in the field at the University of Georgia Durham Horticulture Farm on 1 May 2019, as were M2 (the second mutant generation) seeds of P. hastata. Seed germination in 2019 showed no significance due to treatment but significance due to species and species by treatment interaction. Field evaluation performed in 2019 indicated that height was not influenced by irradiation for any of the three species but that the width index was. Flower diameter and leaf area of P. missionum became smaller as the irradiation rate increased, but the other two species showed no trends. Chlorophyll mutations were observed on P. hastata at the 1500 Gy level, which has attractive traits for ornamental use.
Epilepsy Surgery: A Paediatric Perspective
Authors: Bollard Lauren , Moore Emily , Paff Rebecca
Published: November 2020

250,000 people in Australia live with Epilepsy and more than 40% of those are children. Medication is a first line, effective treatment. However, not all patients have the desired outcome of seizure reduction or cessation. In fact, 1 in 3 do not gain full seizure control with medication alone.

Epilepsy surgery, while not a new concept of treatment for seizure management, has gained significant traction in the past decade and has become a particular focus of the Neurology Department at The Children’s Hospital, Westmead. This is evident by the expansion of the Neuroscience ward for the precise purpose of surgical intervention for the treatment of Epilepsy and other seizure conditions.

The paediatric patient journey to surgery is a complex and intricate one. It involves a collaborative approach of the multidisciplinary teams from diagnosis and beyond, whilst maintaining a high standard of holistic, family centred care. This paper aims to discuss this journey and the impact it has on the patients, families and the nurses involved.
La La importancia de la Diplomacia Científica y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible: Desafíos y Oportunidades
Authors: Echeverría King Luisa Fernanda , Widmaier Müller Claudia Natalie , Aquino Valle Karina Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo pretende ahondar en los conceptos de diplomacia científica y su relación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, realizando especial hincapié en las oportunidades y desafíos de los mismos y exponiendo experiencias de América Latina. Frente al concepto de diplomacia científica, se desglosan los diferentes abordajes del mismo, así como las posibles acciones lideradas por los países para avanzar en intereses nacionales, transfronterizos y globales; igualmente de identificaron los actores de la diplomacia científica y sus roles. Se expresaron oportunidades para la implementación de la Agenda 2030, así como la importancia de la Cooperación Sur-Sur en este proceso. Se observa que si bien existen iniciativas exitosas, aún se encuentran muchos desaf por su partetido, co y social; la ientnjunta intereses a humanidadarrollo en los pa de alcanzar los planteamientos de la Agtendíos especialmente de cara a la financiación de la implementación de los ODS, su monitoreo y medición de indicadores.  Asimismo, los países deben fortalecer sus esquemas de diplomacia científica con el fin de alcanzar de forma conjunta intereses en común.
FLE Potentialisation des plateformes virtuelles: un défi dans l’enseignement de l’écriture en FLE
Authors: Sarmiento Sequeda Favio , Vargas González Iván Darío
Published: November 2020

Escribir en clase de FLE trae muchos desafíos, como la motivación del estudiante para escribir, la capacidad creativa y el dominio del idioma extranjero. Conscientes de esto, propusimos una investigación - acción desde el nivel A2 del MCERL con el objetivo de profundizar en la investigación en torno a la producción escrita a través del uso plataformas virtuales en un programa de licenciatura. Para ello, gracias a la implementación de un taller de escritura creativa, los investigadores proponen algunas vías metodológicas que incluyen actividades de análisis, de descripción y de creación para el tratamiento de la escritura en la clase FLE, reflexionando siempre sobre la integración de plataformas virtuales en la clase de idioma extranjero.
Lo humanitario en la migración en tránsito por México ¿Por qué es necesario?
Authors: Vázquez Meneley Sergio Ismael
Published: November 2020

El subsistema migratorio entre el Triángulo Norte de Centroamérica, México y los Estados Unidos se conforma por un conjunto de relaciones de diversa índole en donde lo humanitario es un recurso necesario para la defensa y protección de los derechos humanos de los migrantes irregulares en tránsito por México. Acorde con ello, el objetivo de esta investigación es comprender desde la disciplina de Relaciones Internacionales la vinculación entre las migraciones y lo humanitario, así como conocer sus límites en un contexto profundamente politizado y dominado por los Estados Unidos.
Is College Students' Reading Habit Truly Related to Their Writing Ability?
Authors: Winiharti Menik , Suprato Djuria
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to describe college students’ reading habits and find the relationship between their reading habits and their writing ability. The data were collected from 50 non-English Department students who took English subject whose content was English language skills, including reading and writing. A questionnaire about reading habits was created and distributed to these students. Then in the classroom, they were assigned to write an essay about a topic they like twice. The analysis was done by analyzing the questionnaire’s results on reading habits, then comparing these results with writing scores using a statistical program, SPSS. The findings show that generally, more than half of the respondents usually read, even though they do not read quite often. Most students think that reading contributes to writing, especially in vocabulary and gathering ideas. However, their reading habits do not have a correlation with their writing ability.
A Study of Undergraduate Students’ Perception about Academic Advising in an Indonesian University
Authors: Junita Imelda , Kristine Fanny , Limijaya Sherlywati , Widodo Tabita Emmanuella
Published: November 2020

The aim of the research was to explore undergraduate students’ perceptions about academic advising in an Indonesian university by measuring aspects of academic advising, involving the nature of advising relationship, the frequency of activities occurring during advising sessions, and students’ satisfaction with academic advising. The research applied quantitative research conducted by administering a questionnaire. The sample consisted of 302 undergraduate students who were asked to respond about the type of academic advising they perceived, topics discussed between advisor and student during academic advising sessions, and their satisfaction with academic advising in the university. The results show that the undergraduate students at an Indonesian university perceive their academic advising as ‘developmental advising’ rather than ‘prescriptive advising’. Undergraduate students perceive that the advisors not only focus on academic performance but also students’ holistic development. Most students are satisfied with the academic advising they have experienced. The topics most frequently discussed are related to the registration and course selection, while the topics most rarely discussed are related to institutional policies. In general, 72,85% of students satisfy with the academic advising they have experienced.
VISUALIZATION OF APPLIED CLIMATIC INFORMATION FOR USERS
Authors:   Yu. A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Bogdanovich, A.Yu. , Lipka O.N. ,   Yu. A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology
Published: November 2020

Based on open source data various ways to visualize climate information on maps have been analyzed in terms of convenience for final users who are often not climate scientists. The variety of imaging methods as well as their main advantages and disadvantages are shown. On the examples of the constituent entities of three Federal districts (Central Northwestern and North Caucasian) versions of adding or replacing cartographic information are proposed with the help of diagrams to facilitate a comparison of indicators and perception of results. Several meteorological parameters have been analyzed in each constituent entity of the Russian Federation: average annual surface air temperature, average annual amount of precipitation and the difference between precipitation and evaporation, as well as cloud cover for the summer and winter seasons. Graphs of changes of this parameter for three periods of time (base 1981-2000, as well as 2041-2060 and 2080-2099 of the RCP8.5 scenario) successfully perform the function of comparing climate information for different constituent entities and regions for various years and show the variability more clearly than the source cards.
Identification of Potential Human Protein Targets for Soybean Isoflavones
Authors: Maldonado-Rojas Wilson , Salinas-Torres Juan , Olivero‑Verbel Jesús
Published: November 2020

Soy isoflavones have been reported as endocrine disruptors due to their ability to modulate the activity of estrogen receptors (ERs) in mammals; however, its ability to modulate other metabolic pathways is not entirely clear, which makes it necessary to identify new pharmacological targets that interact with these compounds present in soybean. In this work, a virtual screening was executed to identify potential targets of nine soy isoflavones, employing human proteins target from PharmMapper. The best 25 fit scores were selected and prepared for AutoDock Vina docking protocols. The results suggest that equol, daidzein and biochanin A, have the potential to interact with targets such as phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, sex hormone-binding globulin and vitamin D3 receptor, respectively. The validations of docking protocols showed good pose reproducibility (root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) ranged 0.001-3.854 Å) and a modest correlation between binding affinities and agonist concentration, AC50 (correlation coefficient (R) = 0.643, p < 0.001). Protein interaction network revealed that predicted targets for soy isoflavones are involved in different pathways, including neurotransmission, metabolism, and cancer remarking the need of a better understanding of the effects of these compounds on human health.
Pengaruh Penilaian Kinerja dan Kecerdasan Emosional Berdasarkan Project Based Learning (PjBL) terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Biantoro Nanly Ollyvia Putri Hestu , Kristanti Febriana , Mursyidah Himmatul
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penilaian kinerja siswa dan kecerdasan emosional siswa selama proses pembelajaran berdasarkan PjBL terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasi. Sampel penelitian berada pada kelas VII-B SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya yang berjumlah 19 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu soal tes materi perbandingan, lembar observasi kinerja siswa, dan angket kecerdasan emosional. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) berdasarkan uji regresi linear sederhana variabel penilaian kinerja terhadap hasil belajar, diperoleh F hitung > F tabel yaitu 4,632 > 4,45 , artinya terdapat pengaruh penilaian kinerja terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 42,5%; (2) berdasarkan uji regresi linear sederhana variabel kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar, diperoleh F hitung > F tabel yaitu 5,733 > 4,45, artinya terdapat pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 33,6%;(3) berdasarkan uji regresi linear berganda variabel penilaian kinerja dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar, diperoleh F hitung > F tabel yaitu 3,672 > 3,59, artinya terdapat pengaruh penilaian kinerja dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 60,7%.

Kata kunci: kecerdasan emosional, penilaian kinerja, Project Based Learning (PjBL).
Perbandingan Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Statistika yang Mengikuti Les Lembaga Bimbel dengan Siswa yang Tidak Mengikuti Les Lembaga Bimbel
Authors: Nugroho Arifin Adi , Hidayati Destia Wahyu , Kurniati Lenny
Published: November 2020

Representasi matematika merupakan suatu hal yang selalu muncul ketika orang mempelajari matematika, dengan demikian representasi matematis perlu mendapat penekanan dan dimunculkan dalam proses pengajaran matematika pada materi statistika disekolah. Bimbingan belajar merupakan sarana yang tepat untuk membantu siswa mengatasi masalahnya dalam belajar dan menjadi lebih berprestasi. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) menentukan siswa yang mengikuti les lembaga bimbel apakah ada perbedaan kemampuan representasi matematis pada soal uraian statistika dengan siswa yang tidak mengikuti les lembaga bimbel, (2) menentukan rata-rata kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang mengikuti les lembaga bimbel di atas KKM, (3) menetukan faktor apa saja yang membuat kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang mengikuti les lembaga bimbel dengan siswa yang tidak mengikuti les lembaga bimbel berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan subjek siswa kelas XII IPA 1 terdiri dari 36 siswa dan kelas XII IPA 2 terdiri dari 36 siswa. Hasil penelitian data akhir nilai sig kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang mengikuti les lembaga bimbel dengan siswa yang tidak mengikuti les lembaga bimbel adalah 0,136, karena nilai sig lebih dari 0,05 sehingga tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata antara siswa yang mengikuti les lembaga bimbel dengan siswa yang tidak mengikuti les lembaga bimbel. Rata-rata kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang ikut bimbel di atas KKM. Nilai sig (2-tailed) kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang mengikuti les lembaga bimbel adalah 0,350, karena nilai sig(2-tailed) lebih dari 0,05 sehingga tingkat keberhasilan siswa mencapai yang diharapkan. Sedangkan nilai sig(2-tailed) kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang tidak mengikuti les lembaga bimbel adalah 0,778, karena nilai sig (2-tailed) lebih dari 0,05 sehingga tingkat keberhasilan siswa mencapai yang diharapkan.

Kata kunci: kemampuan representasi matematis, lembaga bimbel.
Advancing of Cellular Signaling Pathways in Respiratory Diseases Using Nanocarrier Based Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Mehta Meenu , Dhanjal Daljeet Singh , Satija Saurabh , Wadhwa Ridhima , Paudel Keshav Raj , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Mohammad Shiva , Haghi Mehra , Hansbro Philip M. , Dua Kamal
Published: November 2020

Cell Signaling pathways form an integral part of our existence that allows the cells to comprehend a
stimulus and respond back. Such reactions to external cues from the environment are required and are essential to
regulate the normal functioning of our body. Abnormalities in the system arise when there are errors developed in
these signals, resulting in a complication or a disease. Presently, respiratory diseases contribute to being the third
leading cause of morbidity worldwide. According to the current statistics, over 339 million people are asthmatic,
65 million are suffering from COPD, 2.3 million are lung cancer patients and 10 million are tuberculosis patients.
This toll of statistics with chronic respiratory diseases leaves a heavy burden on society and the nation's annual
health expenditure. Hence, a better understanding of the processes governing these cellular pathways will enable
us to treat and manage these deadly respiratory diseases effectively. Moreover, it is important to comprehend the
synergy and interplay of the cellular signaling pathways in respiratory diseases, which will enable us to explore
and develop suitable strategies for targeted drug delivery. This review, in particular, focuses on the major respiratory
diseases and further provides an in-depth discussion on the various cell signaling pathways that are involved
in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. Moreover, the review also analyses the defining concepts about
advanced nano-drug delivery systems involving various nanocarriers and propose newer prospects to minimize
the current challenges faced by researchers and formulation scientists.
Biological Nanofactories: Using Living Forms for Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis
Authors: Srivastava Shilpi , Usmani Zeba , Atanasov Atanas G. , Singh Vinod Kumar , Singh Nagendra Pratap , Abdel-Azeem Ahmed M. , Prasad Ram , Gupta Govind , Sharma Minaxi , Bhargava Atul
Published: November 2020

Metal nanoparticles are nanosized entities with dimensions of 1-100 nm that are increasingly in demand due to applications in diverse fields like electronics, sensing, environmental remediation, oil recovery and drug delivery. Metal nanoparticles possess large surface energy and properties different from bulk materials due to their small size, large surface area with free dangling bonds and higher reactivity. High cost and pernicious effects associated with the chemical and physical methods of nanoparticle synthesis are gradually paving the way for biological methods due to their eco-friendly nature. Considering the vast potentiality of microbes and plants as sources, biological synthesis can serve as a green technique for the synthesis of nanoparticles as an alternative to conventional methods. A number of reviews are available on green synthesis of nanoparticles but few have focused on covering the entire biological agents in this process. Therefore present paper describes the use of various living organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, bryophytes and tracheophytes in the biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles, the mechanisms involved and the advantages associated therein.
iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of the Rat Pancreas Following Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Xie Zhuolin , Bai Lu , Gao Xiang , Zhu Liyong , Zhu Shaihong , Li Weizheng , Li Pengzhou
Published: November 2020

Aim:

There are many people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) worldwide. Rouxen-
Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) is an effective surgery for treating T2DM with beneficial effects on
β cell metabolism. However, the mechanism of how RYGB affects the pancreas, is not clear. We
focused on metabolic changes in the pancreas of rats following RYGBand to investigate complex
postoperative pancreatic metabolic reprogramming and to understand how RYGB improves islet
function.

Methods:

We performed RYGBonstreptozotocin-induced male T2DM rats. Then we measured indicators
such as weight, fasting GLU, etc. After 10 weeks, pancreatic tissues were removed to identify
and quantify differentially expressed proteins. Furthermore, functional analysis of these proteins
and their associated pathways was conducted by bioinformatics methods.

Results:

After surgery, 451 differentially expressed proteins associated with the mechanism
ofRYGB were identified. Protein levels of regenerating islet-derived protein 3 (Reg3A), cell division
cycle-associated protein 2 (CDCA2), and ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) varied greatly, and
Arf1 may be a point target in diabetes.

Conclusion:

This research shows that RYGB could treat T2DM through changes in the pancreatic
proteins. It will give some new insight into the molecular mechanism behind the effect of RYGB.
From Endodontic Therapy to Regenerative Endodontics: New Wine in Old Bottles
Authors: Lim Ghee S. , Wey Mang C. , Azami Noor H. , Noor Nora S.M. , Lau May N. , Haque Nazmul , Govindasamy Vijayendran , Kasim Noor H. A.
Published: November 2020

The concept of regenerative endodontics wherein one can replace damaged pulp structures
and recuperate the functionality in erstwhile necrotic and infected root canal systems has been
a cutting-edge technology. Though the notion started as early as the 1960s, even before the discovery
of stem cells and regenerative medicine, it was in the 2000s that this procedure gained momentum.
Ever since then, researchers continue to discover its essential benefit to immature teeth and its
ability to overcome the caveats of endodontic therapy, which is commonly known as root canal
treatment. Further, through this therapy, one can redevelop root even in immature teeth with necrotic
pulps, which overall helps in maintaining skeletal and dental development. Past literature indicates
that regenerative endodontic procedures seem to be successful, especially when compared
with other conventional techniques such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate apexification. Besides,
many clinicians have begun to apply regenerative endodontic procedures to mature teeth in adult
patients, with several clinical case reports that have shown complete resolution of signs and symptoms
of pulp necrosis. Generally, the three most desirable outcomes anticipated by clinicians from
this procedure include resolution of clinical signs and symptoms, root maturation and redevelopment
of the neurogenesis process. Despite this, whether these objectives and true regeneration of
the pulp/dentin complex are achieved is still a question mark. Following the discovery that regenerative
endodontics indeed is a stem cell-based treatment, addressing the fundamental issue surrounding
stem cells might assist in achieving all identified clinical outcomes while favoring tissue formation
that closely resembles the pulp-dentin complex.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Evaluation of Bacterial Agents Causing Infection in Children with Acute Tonsillopharyngitis
Authors: Sherkatolabbasieh Hamidreza , Firouzi Majid , Shafizadeh Shiva , Amiri Iman
Published: November 2020

Background:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of group A beta-hemolytic pharyngitis by assessing the outcome of the culture and the resistance and sensitivity of group A beta hemolytic streptococcus to antibiotics.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 patients, aged 3-15 years, referred to the clinic with complaints
of sore throat. Patients’ history was collected and physical examination was performed and were score based on clinical
findings. Patients with other underlying pathologies and those taking antibiotics prior to the study were excluded from our
study. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method against cephalexin, cefazolin, erythromycin
and amoxicillin.

Results:

A total of 170 patients were reported with sore throat. Patients with positive culture results were 60% male and
40% female. Amoxicillin resistance was the greatest (5%) in the culture. All isolated bacteria were sensitive to amoxicillin,
cephalexin, cefazolin and erythromycin. Patients with McIssac score ≥ 6 showed clinical sensitivity 75% specificity 61%
negative predictive value 94.8% and positive predictive value 20.3% for Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.

Conclusion:

The results showed the higher the clinical score, the greater the chance of positive throat culture.
ACTIVITIES OF REGIONAL INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION TO IMPROVE THE SITUATION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors:   E.N. Yakovleva Syktyvkar State University named after Pitirim Sorokin, Yakovleva E.N.
Published: November 2020

The article investigates the features of regional mechanisms of protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, created by intergovernmental organizations in the Asia-Pacific region; analyzes the main regional human rights documents in force in this area; highlights pressing issues of protection of the rights of this category of population, typical for the countries of Asia and the Pacific. Despite the interest of legal science in the field of disability, the issue of protecting the rights of persons with disabilities remains underresearched by regional international organizations. The methodological basis of the study is the comparative legal, formal legal methods. The work analyzes the international sources of regional organizations that have not previously been the subject of scientific research on the issues raised by this article. As a result of the study, the conclusion is drawn on the programmatic nature of international instruments of regional organizations in the Asia-Pacific region, the need for States to strengthen social policy taking into account the concept of ensuring the inclusion of the interests of persons with disabilities, the important role of the UN regional commissions in promoting the principles of inclusive society, enshrined in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
METHODICAL ASPECTS OF DOCUMENTARY RESEARCH DURING IDENTIFICATION AND DOCUMENTATION OF FRAUD IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   N.G. Gadzhiev Dagestan State University, Gadzhiev N.G. , Konovalenko S.A. ,   S.A. Konovalenko Ryazan branch of Moscow University of the MIA of Russia named after V. J. Kikot, Alexandrov A.S. ,   A.S. Alexandrov Ryazan branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia named after V. J. Kikot, Trofimov M.N. ,   M.N. Trofimov Ryazan branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia named after V. J. Kikot, Gadzhiev A.N. ,   A.N. Gadzhiev Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Dagestan
Published: November 2020

In accordance with the priorities of state policy in the areas of ensuring national security, law enforcement agencies continue to improve the practice of combating fraud in the construction industry. Measures are being taken to protect budget funds allocated for the construction and reconstruction of large socially significant objects, in particular cultural heritage, housing and communal services and the transport system, mechanisms are being analyzed and developed to counter fraudulent schemes in the construction market. Today, the scientific community considers fraud committed in the course of construction work as one of the thefts of state or other property. According to the object of the crime in the field of construction, the investigation establishes whether the encroachment actually occurred, and if so, is it aimed at a specific form of ownership determined by the ownership of the property. This circumstance requires, first of all, careful documentation and an accurate assessment of the damage received, in connection with which it is required to conduct appropriate documentary research by employees through the internal affairs bodies. The purpose of the scientific there was a study of the methodological aspects of documentary research in identifying economic crimes in the construction industry. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research in the scientific article was the work of both Russian and foreign experts in the field of accounting and control, audit activities, regulatory documents on the research topic, as well as periodicals of leading legal scholars and economists. The main research methods used in writing the work were the methods of documentary verification, analysis and monitoring. According to the analysis of criminal cases, as well as the generalized practice of documentary research, we have identified and systematized the main signs of economic crimes in the construction industry, investigated the methodology of conducting documentary research in identifying and documenting fraud, and examined schemes for committing tax crimes in construction.
EDUCATIONAL POLICY OF THE STATE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INFOCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   A.M. Drozdova North-Caucasus Federal University, Drozdova A.M.
Published: November 2020

In the article, from the perspective of modern approaches to legal understanding, some significant aspects of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of education are considered. Various approaches and views of scientists on modern problems in education, caused by the rapid development of information technology and new management decisions, are analyzed. The practical significance and application of the results of comparative legal research is seen in the development of an educational concept, taking into account national characteristics of the formation of worldview, legal awareness and legal culture in the Russian Federation.
DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE LEGAL SUPPORT OF PUBLIC SERVICE IN THE SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Part I
Authors:   E.B. Abakumova Novosibirsk military Institute named after General of the Army I.K. Yakovlev of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, Institute of Philosophy and Law in Siberian department of Russian Academy of Sciences, Abakumova E.B.
Published: November 2020

This is an attempt to provide a meaningful disclosure of the key features of the legal status of civil servants in the Russian Federation in this article. The specifics of their legal status are expressed in the aggregate of legally established guarantees, restrictions and liability. This made it possible to analyze the legal framework governing the service in these positions on a scientific basis. Study the history of formation and development of Institute of the state posts of the Russian Federation, studying the legislative experience of the Russian regions, the existing judicial practice and theoretical developments in the scientific literature, is intended to facilitate the search for optimal solutions of actual problems of legal regulation of legal relations associated with the replacement of these posts.
Handelingen O.R. II - 2e afl.
Authors: Brysse Adrien
Published: November 2020

F. Van Den Bemden : Le sher Gheeraerts sDievels steen. Note additionnelle.Albert Dutry : Statistique des piloris, perrons, pierres de justice et croix de marchés. Canton judiciaire de Lokeren.J. Vuylsteke : Het Gravenkasteel.
Handelingen O.R. I
Authors: Brysse Adrien
Published: November 2020

H. Pirenne : Les sources de l'histoire de Flandre au moyen-âge.J. Vuylsteke : " De goede Disendach " 13 Januari 1349.Le Comte de Limburg-Stirum : Les fourches patibulaires en Flandre.
Handelingen O.R. III - 2e afl.
Authors: Admin Admin
Published: November 2020

V. Fris : Ontleding van drie Vlaamsche Kronieken.J. Van Den Gheyn : Note sur un ancien livre d'Heures de l'hôpitalde Grammont.L. Stroobant : Le Rasphuys de Gand.A. Van Werveke : De Achter-Sikkel.
Handelingen O.R. XVI - 1e afl.
Authors: Admin Admin
Published: November 2020

Le Ryhovesteen au XVIe siècle et le Braemsteen au XVe siècle étude archéologique et historique, door Robert Schoorman
Incidencia del proceso de paz con las FARC en la política antidrogas de Colombia
Authors: Sarmiento-Hernández Edwar Alexander , Rojas-Guevara Jorge Ulises , Rojas-Guevara Pedro Javier
Published: November 2020

Este artículo estudia cómo las negociaciones de paz del Gobierno de Colombia con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) impactaron la política antidrogas del país. Para ello, se revisa la literatura sobre economía de las guerras civiles y la economía del crimen como oficio, se estudia la política antidrogas durante las últimas dos décadas y se analizan las cifras oficiales consignadas en informes gubernamentales e internacionales sobre el comportamiento de los cultivos ilícitos, la producción y el tráfico de drogas. Los resultados muestran que la política antidrogas del Estado durante el gobierno de Santos, fundamentalmente basada en la erradicación voluntaria y la sustitución de cultivos, y una fuerte disminución de las aspersiones aéreas (erradicación forzosa), resultó ser un factor determinante en el incremento de los cultivos de cocaína.
La organización social de los ejércitos en la batalla de Boyacá
Authors: Cardona-Angarita Jorge Mauricio , Trujillo-Hassan Daniela , Ojeda-Pérez Robert
Published: November 2020

Las áreas cercanas al río Teatinos en Tunja (Colombia) son patrimonio nacional debido a que allí sucedió la batalla de Boyacá, que significó el triunfo de la campaña libertadora. La arqueología de la guerra sugiere que esos territorios podrían contener vestigios de las historias desconocidas de quienes lucharon el 7 de agosto de 1819 durante dicha batalla. Este artículo brinda una georreferenciación de estos hechos, con miras a identificar las coordenadas en que podría permanecer enterrada dicha cultura material. Para ello, con base en un marco teórico sobre estrategia y táctica militar, y sobre organización social, se estudiaron fuentes primarias para conocer la distribución de los combatientes en el terreno, y se analizó la simbología militar. Con ello se logran identificar los espacios en que pueden encontrarse vestigios.
Instituto Brasileiro de Ciências Administrativas
Authors: RSP Editor
Published: November 2020

A 21 de fevereiro de 1952 instalou-se no Brasil a SeçãoNacional do Instituto Internacional de Ciências Administrativas(International Instituie of Adrninistrative Sciences —I- I. A. S.), entidade que imediatamente iniciou a realizaçãode uin amplo programa de trabalhos, desenvolvendo esforçosdos quais era lícito aguardar benéficos resultados — apar de sadios reflexos técnico-cullurais — no quadro dasatividades de administração pública em geral, e das ciências,administrativas em particular.