bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial overgrowth syndrome with hyperammonemia as a cause of cognitive disorders
Authors: Vologzhanina L. G. , Borodina E. N. , Igumnova O. A. , Trapeznikova A. A.
Published: April 2021

The growth of cognitive impairment (CI) in clinical practice makes us search for their new pathogenetic mechanisms, among which the effect of intestinal microbiota on the brain is currently being actively studied. The mechanisms of interaction of the axis “brain - microbiota” have not been completely studied. The aim of this study was to confirm the possible effect on the brain of the neurotoxin ammonia, which rises in the blood due to the syndrome of excessive bacterial growth (SIBO). Materials and methods: The article presents data from a clinical observation, which included an examination of 70 patients of the gastrocenter in Perm with dyspepsia syndrome, who studied changes in the intestinal microbiota, the level of ammonia of capillary blood, and cognitive impairment, and conducted a correlation analysis. Results: According to the results of a statistical analysis of the obtained data, we did not find any significant changes or significant correlations between the studied parameters. However, the identified tendency in the connection “SIBO - hyperammonemia - cognitive impairment” suggests that the presence of SIBO can aggravate the severity of not only existing gastroenterological manifestations, but also be a risk factor for hyperammonemia, as well as contribute to the formation of impaired human cognitive functions.
The “Galiya” Madrasah as Ufa Muslim community public institution (based on the materials of the “Tormysh” newspaper)
Authors: Akhtyamova A. V.
Published: April 2021

Urban Muslim culture with large seats of public education has long been attracting the minds of researchers. In the 19th–20th centuries the city of Ufa became one of the centers of Tatar education and culture. From 1865 to 1908, the percentage of Muslims in the provincial centre increased from 4,33% to 18,03%. In 1906 the “Galiya”, the third madrasah, was founded in Ufa. During the 1913–1914 academic year, 10,7% of all shakirds studied exactly in this madrasah. At that time the main source of information for the Tatar-speaking population of Ufa was the “Tormysh” (“Life”) newspaper, the pages of which often highlighted the topics concerning the history of the “Galiya” madrasah. The article provides some information about the editors and publishers of the newspaper. Some facts help us to conclude that the pages of the national newspaper often refl ected the spiritual and educational work conducted by teachers and shakirds of the madrassah for the sake of the local population. In general, the analysis of the publications reveals the great infl uence of the madrasah on the social and cultural environment of the Urban Muslim community.
The strategies of building relations between the State and Islam in Russia and in the Arab World
Authors: Naumkin V. V. , Zaripov I. A. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Orlov V. V.
Published: April 2021

This article is dedicated to the issues of relations between the state and Islam in Arab countries (Algeria, Egypt, Syria) and in Russia in the contemporary era. Despite the fundamental diff erences between political systems and diff erent experiences in relations between the state and religion, all these societies are facing similar threats and challenges in recent years, causing certain parallels between policies towards Islam. This work is based on both published materials and around 20 interviews with experts, politicians and religious leaders from the researched countries recorded by the authors. The research allowed to defi ne common and diff erent traits of implemented political strategies, made it possible to show the infl uence of such processes as securitization of religion administrating, growing individualization of faith practicing, integration of religious institutions in the civil society structures on the transformation of StateIslam relationship models.
Suyuti’s treatise on the Surahs Order in the Qur’an
Authors: Misyura V. A.
Published: April 2021

The article presents a Russian translation of two chapters of the treatise by Jalal ad-Din al-Suyuti “Tanāsuq al-durar fi tanāsub as-suwar” (“A string of pearls regarding the correspondence of the Surahs”). In the last few decades European Arabic studies have paid a lot of attention to the composition of the Qur’an, whereas Muslim scholars have been dealing with this problem almost from the very beginning of the Qur’an studies. Suyuti’s treatise summarizes Muslim scholars’ centuries-old researches on the Qur’an composition. The fi rst chapter represents the author’s introduction to the treatise, where he states the reasons that induced him to write this book, and the second chapter is related to the analysis of the surah “The opening”. The introductory remarks contain information about the life of Jalal ad-Din, as well as a brief analysis of the treatise and an assessment of its signifi cance for study of the Qur’an composition.
Human symbols and divine signs in Psychotherapy and Psychological Counseling: Islamic discourse
Authors: Yakhin F. F.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of using symbols in religious-oriented psychological assistance to Muslims. The author analyzes approaches to the symbol concept in Psychology and Philosophy, as well as develops the theory and practice of using symbols in Psychotherapy. Symbols are considered in the context of Islamic divine signs, which are provided by Allah in order to contemplate, to understand and to disclose them in the nature and personality of a man, as well as in historical events from the past described in holy scriptures. Based on the analysis of the text of the Qur’an, the author emphasizes the connection between symbolic Qur’anic images and the inner world of a person, the state of their intellectual and spiritual development. Based on the works of Islamic authors of the past and present, the article suggests methods for using symbolic images presented in the Qur’an in the practice of counseling and psychotherapy, as well as substantiates the basic principles that must be observed in the process of providing psychological assistance to Muslims.
“Personal records of mullah Shamsutdinov” based on the materials of the State Museum of the History of Religion
Authors: Osmanova I. A.
Published: April 2021

This article describes the documents and visual materials dedicated to the socalled “Personal records of mullah Shamsutdinov”. The “Personal records” included archival documents of Moscow imams Khairetdin Ageev (1827–1913) and Abdullah Shamsutdinov (1878–1937), there also was the “Album” with engravings and clippings on an Oriental topic and personal belongings of Ageev-Shamsutdinov’s family. These rare and unique materials are kept in the State Museum of the History of Religion. Until recently, most of the materials have remained unknown and have never been published before. Thus, the submitted materials can be classifi ed as a source for the history of religious life of Muslims in Russia in the late XIX – early XX centuries.
Konsep Ekonomi Ibnu Khaldun dan Al-Ghazali
Authors: Fildayanti Devita Ayu
Published: April 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep ekonomi dari pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun terkait uang dan harga dan konsep ekonomi Al-Ghazali
PENERAPAN LOGOTERAPI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SEMANGAT BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: nugroho rofi aji
Published: April 2021

Pada saat ini sistem pembelajaran disekolah maupun di bangku kuliah sekalipun sangat berbeda jauh, tidak seperti biasanya karena wabah pandemi yang sedang melanda dunia hingga saat ini. Wabah ini belum juga mereda sehingga berimbas kepada pendidikan dan pembelajaran yang mengharuskan setiap siswa maupun mahasiswa untuk belajar secara online, bagi sebagian orang memandang bahwa belajar secara daring atau online memang kurang efektif dari pada belajar dengan tatap muka di sekolah ataupun di kampus. Dan dari sebagian anak didik mulai merasa jenuh akan pemberian ilmu dari guru secara online sehingga mengurangi semangat belajar. Untuk meningkatkan semangat dalam belajar dapat kita gunakan metode pendekatan psikologi yaitu melalui pendekatan logoterapi. Logoterapi mengajarkan bahwa manusia harus dipandang sebagai kesatuan raga-jiwa-rohani yang tak terpisahkan. Seorang psikoterapis tidak mungkin dapat memahami dan melakukan terapi secara baik, bila mengabaikan dimensi rohani yang justru merupakan salah satu sumber kekuatan dan kesehatan manusia. Selain itu logoterapi memusatkan perhatian pada kualitas-kualitas insani, seperti hasrat untuk hidup bermakna, hati nurani, kreativitas, rasa humor dan memanfaatkan kualitas-kualitas itu dalam terapi dan pengembangan kesehatan mental.
Gradience in prosodic representation: vowel reduction and neoclassical elements in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Guzzo Natália Brambatti , Garcia Guilherme D.
Published: April 2021

In Brazilian Portuguese, neoclassical elements (NCEs) may combine with both independent lexical words (e.g., psico in psicolinguística ‘psycholinguistics’) and non- lexical words (e.g., psico in psicologia ‘psychology’). This has led to the proposal that they have distinct prosodic representations depending on the type of structure that they form: NCE+Indep(endent lexical word) prosodizes recursively in the PWd, whereas NCE+Dep(endent form) prosodizes as a simple PWd. However, both NCE+Indep and NCE+Dep are subject to vowel reduction processes that yield similar surface forms: the NCE in NCE+Indep is targeted by word-final raising, and the NCE in NCE+Dep is targeted by raising in pretonic position. This similarity in surface forms poses a problem for the proposal of separate prosodic representations, as different forms of prosodization imply different phonological behavior. We analyze native speakers’ judgements and productions with respect to reduction of the NCE-final vowel under the hypothesis that, if these NCE structures are prosodized differently and undergo different processes, the process that is more frequent in the Brazilian Portuguese grammar (word-final raising) should have higher acceptance and production rates. Results confirm our hypothesis. We argue that the gradient application of phonological processes reflects prosodic dis- tinctions that cannot be captured in a framework that only considers the application or non-application of said processes.
Analisis Strategi Bisnis Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Sepatu Futsal Pada Toko Olahraga Soccer Corner Di Bandar Lampung
Authors: Mega Selfia Alke , Ferdian M Irfan
Published: April 2021

Bisnis adalah suatu kegiatan yang usaha yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Perkembangan bisnis yang semakin pesat pada saat ini mendorong semua lapisan masyarakat untuk dapat melakukan kegiatan yang menyangkut hal-hal ke arah bisnis. Salah satunya adalah perkembangan Bisnis toko olahraga, obyek penelitian ini adalah toko olahraga soccer corner di Bandar Lampung. In this research memiliki tujuan yaitu agar dapat menentukan strategi bisnis yang tepat untuk menambah penjualan sepatu futsal pada Toko Olahraga Soccer Corner Di Bandar Lampung, penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskritif. Metode analisis ini mengggunakan suatu metode analisis kualitatif, In this research Metode pengumpulan data yang dikumpulkan yaitu menggunakan pengamatan secara langsung, interviu,pengarsipan, dan pemberian pertanyaan kepada informan. Riset ini menggunakan suatu anlysis SWOT pada SWOT Anylisis ini menggunakan analisis diagram SWOT, according to anlysis kombain tentang detail strategi grid kombinasi SWOT, strategi usaha Toko Olahraga Soccer Corner yang efisien dan didapatkan hasil strategi SO nilai terbesar yang didapatkan yaitu 5,10. Sehingga kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini perlu di tingkatkan kualitas pelayanan, melakukan promosi penjualan lebih intensif, dan lebih memperbanyak variasi produk sepatu futsal yang di jual dari toko olahraga soccer corner.
Tân Thủ tướng Chính phủ Phạm Minh Chính – Dấu ấn tầm nhìn đột phá
Authors: Si H.L. Cu
Published: April 2021

QĐND Online – Chiều hôm nay (5-4), với số phiếu tín nhiệm rất cao, Quốc hội đã bầu đồng chí Phạm Minh Chính, Ủy viên Bộ Chính trị, Trưởng ban Tổ chức Trung ương đảm nhiệm trọng trách Thủ tướng Chính phủ. Nhân dịp này, phóng viên Báo Quân đội nhân dân Điện tử ghi lại một vài dấu ấn về tầm nhìn đột phá trên một số cương vị công tác của đồng chí Phạm Minh Chính.
KONSEP EKONOMI PADA IBNU KHALDUN DAN AL - GHAZALI
Authors: M Ummu Kaltsum.
Published: April 2021

artikel ini membahas tentang konsep ekonomi pada ibnu khaldun dan al ghazali
Development and validation of humming process to increase heart rate variability & attention for college students
Authors: Z Irani Fariburz , Y Trivedi Gunjan , Neeta Sinha
Published: April 2021

Aim: The objective of the study was to compare the impact of daily 10 min humming practice for one week on heart-brain coherence and attention on college students. Methodology: The evidence indicates that increased heart-brain coherence facilitates better emotional regulation and thereby increases attention. Simple humming practice was identified as a method to increase the heart-brain coherence. Each student was assigned randomly to an experimental group or control group. The experimental group (n= 15) performed 10-minutes humming daily for 7 days and the control group (n=15) was not asked to do anything. 10-minute humming was simplified Bhramari practice with total breath duration of 13 seconds based on short training. SDMT (Symbol Digit Modalities Test) and Heart Brain Coherence (using Emwave Pro Device by HeartMath Inc.) was conducted for both the groups on Day 1 and Day 7. Statistical analysis was conducted using student-t test to understand the results. Results: For the experimental group, there was statistically significant improvement in both “Coherence” and “SDMT” score on Day 7 (compared to Day 1, p<.05). For control group, the change in both parameters was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The results confirm that a short duration humming practice just for one week can increase the heart-brain coherence and Heart Rate Variability and has a significant impact on increasing attention amongst the college students. These findings can be leveraged to facilitate better concentration and potentially increased performance for college students.
pemikiran ekonomi ibnu khaldun dan al gazali
Authors: A. Muh. Rum Abdau
Published: April 2021

artikel ini membahas tentang pemikiran ekonomi ibnu khaldun dan al gazali
Konsep Ekonomi Masa Ibnu Khaldun dan Al Ghazali
Authors: Indryawati Lisa
Published: April 2021

Tugas Artikel Sejarah Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Lisa Indryawati Konsep Ekonomi Ibnu Khaldun fan Al Ghazali
UPAYA SATRESNARKOBA POLRES TULANG BAWANG DALAM PENGUNGKAPAN TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA MELALUI TEKNIK UNDERCOVER BUY (PEMBELIAN TERSELUBUNG) DI KABUPATEN TULANG BAWANG
Authors: Ramasari Risti Dwi , Arjuna Try
Published: April 2021

Tindak pidana narkotika merupakan salah satu tindak pidana yang serius dan tergolong luar biasa sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian khusus dari para penegak hukum, pemerintah maupun masyarakat. P¬¬eredaran narkoba dengan beragam modus transaksi yang dilakukan oleh pelaku kejahatan ini tentunya memerlukan pula berbagai macam upaya untuk untuk melindungi masyarakat dari bahaya penyalahgunaan narkoba salah satunya adalah melalui teknik undercover buy (pembelian terselubung). Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana narkotika di wilayah hukum Polres Tulang Bawang dan bagaimanakah upaya Satresnarkoba Polres Tulang Bawang dalam pengungkapan tindak pidana narkotika melalui teknik undercover buy (pembelian terselubung) di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang. Metode penelitian yaitu pendekatan yuridis normatif dan empiris dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan data primer. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi pustaka, kemudian data primer diperoleh melalui studi lapangan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Kemudian analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis yuridis kualitatif. Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana narkotika di wilayah hukum Polres Tulang Bawang berasal dari faktor internal karena faktor kejiwaan yaitu ketidakmampuan menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan, atau adanya dorongan ingin tahu, mencoba, meniru baik pelaku tersebut tahu atau tidak tahu akan bahaya narkoba. Kemudian faktor eksternal, berasal dari kurang komunikasi dan pengawasan keluarga. Kemudian faktor ekonomi serta faktor jaringan pengedar narkoba yang mencari target untuk mengedarkan narkoba di wilayah Tulang Bawang. Upaya Satresnarkoba Polres Tulang Bawang dalam pengungkapan tindak pidana narkotika melalui teknik Undercover Buy (pembelian terselubung) di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang dilakukan di lokasi-lokasi tertentu seperti di rumah tersangka, di jalan umum atau di suatu tempat yang sudah diperjanjikan. Satresnarkoba Polres Tulang Bawang dalam pengungkapan tindak pidana narkotika melalui undercover buy ini tingkat keberhasilannya 100%, karena titik fokus pada pelaksanaan teknik khusus tersebut ada pada bagaimana cara penyidik atau seorang informan menumbuhkan kepercayaan tinggi pada pengedar narkotika bahwa si penyamar adalah pengguna narkotika.
Konsep ekonomi politik dalam perspektif Ibnu khaldun
Authors: Hasym Muchamad
Published: April 2021

Konsep ekonomi politik dalam perspektif Ibnu khaldun
Pemikran ekonomi Ibnu Khaldun (uang & harga) dan Pemikiran Al-Ghazali
Authors: Heriyani
Published: April 2021

Pemikiran Ekonomi Ibnu Khaldun ( Uang & Harga ) dan Pemikiran Al-Ghazali
konsep ekonomi pada masa ibn khaldun dan al-ghazali
Authors: Riskayanti.m
Published: April 2021

Sistem ekonomi apapun di dunia ini tujuan akhirnya adalah terciptanya kehidupan yang sejahtera, adil, dan merata. Salah satu upaya untuk mencapai tujuan itu adalah melalui pembangunan ekonomi. Pembangunan ekonomi dimaknai sebagai upaya secara sadar melalui kegiatan ekonomi guna mewujudkan kesejahteraan yang lebih baik. Pencapaian tertinggi dalam sistem ekonomi Islam adalah tercapainya falah, sedangkan falah dapat tercapai dengan pemenuhan konsep maqashid syari’ah, yaitu terpeliharanya keyakinan, jiwa, pikiran, keturunan, dan harta. Melihat kondisi ekonomi dunia yang semakin rapuh akibat dari sistem yang tidak memadai, maka perlu dihadirkan sebuah konsep atau sistem ekonomi baru yang mampu mengubah tatanan kehidupan yang lebih adil, ramah lingkungan, manusiawi, dan bermoral, sehingga menjamin keberlangsungan kehidupan manusia.
Companies in Indonesia in the vortex of global economic disruption
Authors: imkotta Distin Findly
Published: April 2021

The best choice for Indonesian companies to survive in the global economic uncertainty is to carry out business and human resource transformation, keeping in mind that with the exponential growth of information technology, changes in business concepts are strongly encouraged and imitated. However, the innovation innovation step must refer to good corporate governance as the basis of operations and assurance of stakeholder trust. The era of economic turmoil requires Indonesian companies to always create new value in all aspects so that their performance can be improved and the company can survive in the market by obtaining positive benefits. Human resource management is also very important, especially when employees are involved in responding to threats from the external environment.
"We are trying to communicate the best we can": Districts’ communication on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Michela Esther , Rosenberg Joshua , Kimmon Royce , Sultana Omiya , Burchfield Macy A. , Thomas Tayla
Published: April 2021

While educators’ uses of social media for purposes such as professional learning and networking are now well-established, our understanding of how educational institutions use social media—especially to engage key stakeholders during periods of crisis—is limited. In this study, we used a public data mining research approach to examine how K-12 school districts in the United States used Twitter as a communication tool during a critical period of the COVID-19 pandemic, March-April, 2020. Through a three-step grounded theory approach of 1,357 district tweets from 492 school districts, we found that the themes of messages fell into three categories, announcements, community oriented, or unrelated. Announcements were more common during the early stages of the pandemic (and were engaged with more collaboratively), with community-building posts more common later on. This study demonstrates the potential of district social media use as a communication platform and a means to impact public perceptions and support.
PRODUKSI ROTI HAMBAR KHAS DESA RANTAU KEMINTING HULU SUNGAI TENGAH SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR IPS
Authors: Mardhiyah Bahjatul
Published: April 2021

Produksi merupakan sebuah kegiatan pengolahan atau proses menghasilan bentuk bahan mentah menjdi benda siap pakai. Produksi juga merupakan kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan atau menambah nilai guna dari suatu barang atau jasa dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Tradisional adalah sikap dan cara berpikir serta bertindak yang selalu berpegang teguh pada norma dan pada adat kebiasaan yang ada secara turun-temurun dilakukan. Tradisional dapat dikatan turun temurun jika masyarakat sekitarnya mengakui dan juga mempercayai kegiatan tersebut. Adapun sumber belajar IPS merupakan segala sesuatu informasi yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh guru untuk kepentingan belajar mengajar, dengan tujuan meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi tujuan pembelajarannya.
Penelitian ekspost facto dan korelasional
Authors: Makbul M
Published: April 2021

Penelitian merupakan salah satu upaya manusia untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang sering dijumpai di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Agar hasil penelitian yang dilakukan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian maka diperlukan suatu metode yang cocok. Dengan kata lain, metode yang cocok adalah metode yang sesuai dengan data yang akan diperoleh, tujuan, dan masalah yang akan dipecahkan (efektivitas).Pertimbangan lainnya adalah masalah efesiensi. Seorang peneliti harus mempertimbangkan sumber daya yang tersedia. Keterbatasan sumber daya manusia (SDM), dana, tenaga, dan waktu perlu dipertimbangkan secara cermat oleh seorang peneliti. Dengan demikian metode penelitian yang tepat akan dapat menghasilkan informasi yang lengkap dan valid, dilakukan dengan cepat, sehingga dapat menghemat biaya, tenaga dan waktu. Ada banyak penelitian yang sering dipakai oleh peneliti, di antaranya adalah penelitian expostfacto. Penelitian expost facto merupakan penelitian yang bertujuan menemukan penyebab yang memungkinkan perubahan perilaku, gejala atau fenomena yang disebabkan oleh suatu peristiwa, perilaku atau hal-hal yang menyebabkan perubahan pada variable bebas yang secara keseluruhan sudah terjadi. Penelitian ex post facto secara metodologis merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang juga menguji hipotesis tetapi tidak memberikan perlakuan-perlakuan tertentu karena sesuatu sebab kurang etis untuk memberikan perlakuan atau memberikan manipulasi. Peristiwa tersebut sudah terjadi dan ingin menelusuri faktor-faktor penyebabnya atau hal-hal yang mempengaruhinya.
Konsep ekonomi ibn khaldun dan Al Ghazali
Authors: septiani Dian
Published: April 2021

mengetahui konsep ekonomi pada masa Ibn khalifah dan Al GHazali
BUDAYA MEDIA DAN LAHIRNYA SPECTACLE SOCIETY (Televisi sebagai Voyeurism Zaman Modern)
Authors: Kusuma Welly
Published: April 2021

Saat ini komunikasi telah mencapai satu tingkat dimana orang bisa saling terhubung dalam satu waktu secara serentak dengan waktu yang hampir bersamaan dan bisa mengetahui apa yang terjadi diberbagai belahan dunia tanpa terbatas ruang dan waktu dengan hanya melihat media massa contohnya televisi. Abad ini disebut dengan abad komunikasi massa. Tanpa kita sadari televisi inilah menjadi penyebab kuat munculnya masyarakat penonton atau “spectacle society”
Morphological processing and individual frequency effects in L1 and L2 Spanish
Authors: Durand López Ezequiel M.
Published: April 2021

Surface frequency and proficiency modulate visual morphological processing in second language (L2) learners, but less is known about auditory morphological processing. Moreover, working memory affects morphosyntactic processing, but it is unclear whether it also modulates word structure processing. In the present study, Spanish monolinguals and beginner and advanced L2 learners of Spanish completed an auditory lexical decision task in Spanish containing verbs varying in morphological complexity, an individual surface frequency task, and a working memory task. Beginner L2 learners needed more time to process infrequent morphologically complex words, but monolinguals and advanced L2 learners were unaffected by morphological complexity or surface frequency. Also, working memory did not modulate morphological processing. Taken together, the findings suggest a dual-route mechanism at initial stages of L2 acquisition and a whole-word route for Spanish monolinguals and advanced L2 learners. The findings also support the extension of dual-route models to L2 populations and suggest that the selection of a morphological processing route results from linguistic rather than cognitive reasons.
Oh…So close! Children’s close counterfactual reasoning and emotion inferences
Authors: Doan Tiffany , Friedman Ori , Denison Stephanie
Published: April 2021

How we feel about an outcome often depends on how close an alternative outcome was to occurring. In four experiments, we investigated whether predominantly White, middle-class, Canadian children (N = 425, Experiments 1-3) and American adults (N = 227, Experiment 4) consider close counterfactual alternatives when inferring other people’s emotions. In Experiment 1, 6-year-olds (but not 4- and 5-year-olds) inferred that an agent would feel sadder about winning a mediocre prize if she later found out that a more attractive one could have easily been won. However, children of all ages failed to judge whether the better outcome could have easily happened. In Experiment 2, when 5- and 6-year-olds knew the locations of the prizes beforehand, they inferred that an agent would be equally happy about winning a mediocre prize regardless if she almost won a better prize or not. Again, they did not recognize when the better outcome was a close counterfactual possibility. In Experiment 3, we included extra cues to the closeness of the alternative and both 5- and 6-year-olds inferred that she would feel sadder about winning a mediocre prize, and 6-year-olds acknowledged that the attractive prize was a close counterfactual alternative. In Experiment 4, adults considered close counterfactuals when inferring emotions. Our findings suggest that close counterfactuals influence children’s emotion inferences before they become able to acknowledge their closeness.
The Image of Ali Ibn Abi Talib in Al-Sihah Al-Sittah
Authors: Hashemi Maryam , Besharati Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2021

Today, we live in a world in which materialistic schools work to prevail over cultural affairs and protest upon spirituality. In such an atmosphere, introducing Imam Ali (A.S.) as a model of asceticism, science, justice, anti-oppression, bravery, and Islamic kindness can bring hope and liberation for today's human beings. For this, it is essential to demonstrate the kind of attitudes and views of Islamic religions towards Imam Ali (A.S.) and introduce his virtues and characters from their words. Depicting the image of Imam Ali (A.S.) in Kutub al-Sittah of the Sunni hadith, which is a well-known Sunni hadith collection, enables us to reach our objectives. The authors of Kutub al-Sittah have confirmed the great moral and scientific characteristics and endeavors of Imam Ali (A.S.) and the interest of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to him by narrating a part of virtues and characters of Molaye Mottaghian.About Imamah and Wilaya (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist), there are few but succeeding narrations in Kutub al-Sittah, which can be a valuable way to prove his proficiency for the Wilaya and leadership of the ummah after Muhammad (PBUH). Though the authors of Kutub al-Sitta have worked to justify the process of the Caliphate after the death of Muhammad (PBUH) by narrations to deny his administratorship, especially from Aisha Bint Abi Baker, it is plausible to realize his preponderance in leading the religious and materialistic affairs of the people, after the Prophet (PBUH) by reviewing Kutub al-Sittah of the Sunni hadith and according to the narrations on virtues and characters of Imam Ali (A.S.).
Low quality, stigmatizing research prevents effective responses to covid-19
Authors: Muller Ashley , Gubrium Erika , Dahlberg Jørgen , Fernandes Ariana Guilherme
Published: April 2021

Evidence-based responses to covid-19 must be based on high-quality research. Low-quality research is particularly dangerous when it feeds into stigmatizing narratives, including blaming immigrants for spreading infection.
Proposal of milestones to map and understand the uses of sport for development and peace
Authors: Gadais Tegwen , Ambrosini Brice Favier , Rioux Michel Alexandre
Published: April 2021

Physical activities and sport have been used to serve multiple international development issues since 2000. Football matches are organized to build social peace between divided populations, sports activities are offered to bring young people back to school, and/or sports tournaments are organized to regain possession of territories that have been contested and affected by armed conflicts. Although current research offers a variety of perspectives on sport for development based on several scientific disciplines, many questions remain unanswered. In particular, researchers are questioning the uses in which sport is implemented, the forms that sport takes in the context of development, and the goals that are targeted through sport, such as education, health, gender equality, reduced inequality and peace, among others. This chapter aims to clarifying the uses, forms, features and purposes of sport that international, national, regional or local organizations set up on the field. We present a model with two milestones (why and how), levers and mechanisms to help practitioners to position themselves in SDP, as well as for researchers to map the mechanisms of using sport to serve development, and more particularly by focusing on the sustainable development goals established by the United Nations on different scales.
Foreign Aid in Nepal: Importance, Trends and Government Initiatives
Authors: Sarkar Sukanta
Published: April 2021

Economic growth and development are in the forefront of international relations and policy making. Developed countries such as the United States and international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund provide assistance that attempts to help the economic growth of developing countries. Foreign aid has been recognized as the most crucial factor in enhancing economic development in many countries. Foreign aid is crucial factor to achieve higher and sustainable economic growth and development of Nepal. However, aid must be linked with sustainable growth and poverty reduction. The objectives of the paper are to study the importance, trends and government initiatives of foreign aids in Nepal.
Social Science Research and Thesis Writing
Authors: Karna Sohan Kumar
Published: April 2021

Not Available
Vencer los estigmas para mantener la salud mental en tiempos de incertidumbre
Authors: Rodriguez Angarita Carlos Edgardo
Published: April 2021

La salud mental percibida como el estado dinámico de bienestar emocional, que nos hace sentirnos en control de las situaciones que afrontamos en la siempre incierta tarea de gestionar la vida; que nos permite utilizar los recursos emocionales, cognitivos y mentales necesarios  para trabajar, para establecer relaciones significativas, disfrutar la vida y para contribuir a la comunidad,  es un componente esencial del bienestar y la salud general.

La incertidumbre genera situaciones de gran tensión emocional que suplantan a la ansiedad del estado normal de alerta frente a lo novedoso, por  una ansiedad patológica que fragmenta  la continuidad del yo y perturba la toma de decisiones, según las circunstancias y el pasado del que decide. Esto nos coloca en el riesgo de pasar de los síntomas reactivos al estrés agudo (problemas)  a las alteraciones  persistentes de las funciones mentales (trastornos) como la depresión.
ANALISIS TITIK IMPAS PEMBUATAN SIRUP PEDADA (Sonneratia caseolaris L) POJOK SADAR WISATA TIRAM TAMBUN DI KELURAHAN MENTAWIR
Authors: Kristiningrum Rochadi , Lahjie Abubakar M , Ruslim Yosep , Sari Wulan I R
Published: April 2021

Pemanfaatan hasil hutan mangrove di Kelurahan Mentawir masih sangat terbatas. Salah satu jenis mangrove yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk kebutuhan pangan adalah jenis Sonneratia caseolaris L) atau pedada. Jenis ini bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan sirup, dodol/jenang mangrove, roti atau bedak dingin agar memiliki nilai tambah secara ekonomis bagi masyarakat sekitar ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara pembuatan sirup mangrove, mengetahui besarnya biaya  dan titik impas usahanya bagi Pojok Sadar Wisata Tiram Tambun di Kelurahan Mentawir. Pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu kepada pojok sadar wisata tiram Tambun. Metode penelitianya secara dekriptif kualitatif, analisis biaya,  pendapatan dan Break even point dengan jumlah produksi 100 botol dan 300 botol. Proses pembuatan sirup pedada (S. caseolaris L) meliputi persiapan alat dan bahan, pencucian buah pedada, penghancuran/penumbukan, pengambilan sari buah pedada, pemasakan/perebusan, pendinginan dan pengemasan sirup dalam botol. Biaya tetap pembuatan sirup  sebesar Rp.750.00 per periode baik untuk produksi 100 dan 300 botol. Sedangkan biaya variabel untuk 100 dan 300 botol berturut-turut sebesar Rp.942.000 dan Rp.2.272.800 selama satu periode. Titik impas quantity dan harga pada produksi sirup 100 botol berturut-turut sebesar 71 botol dan Rp.14.178. Sedangkan titik impas quantity dan harga pada produksi sirup 300 botol berturut-turut sebesar 89 botol dan Rp.4.748. Hal ini berarti produksi sirup 300 botol lebih menguntungkan daripada memproduksi 100 botol.
ANALISIS KOMODITAS UNGGULAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN DATARAN TINGGI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Martauli Elvin Desi , Gracia Sarah
Published: April 2021

The agricultural sector in the highlands of North Sumatra is the main sector of economic support for the people in the area. Although some sub-sectors have not shown significant improvement in the economy. For this reason, researchers are interested in analyzing each basic or superior sub-sector, so that policies can be taken to solve existing problems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the superior commodities of the upland agricultural sector in North Sumatra. The data used in the secondary data is obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2019 covering the food crop sub-sector, the vegetable and fruit horticulture sub-sector, the livestock sub-sector, the plantation sub-sector. To answer the research questions, LQ analysis is used to determine superior commodities. The results showed that the food crop sub-sector in the highlands was a superior commodity with LQ = 1.62. The vegetable and fruit horticultural sub-sector is included in the basic or superior category with each value (1.13), (1.80). The plantation sub-sector has the greatest LQ value with an LQ value of 2.90. So it can be concluded that upland agricultural commodities in North Sumatra are generally the base agricultural sector.
ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK MONO KALIM PHOSPHATE PADA TANAH SUB OBTIMAL
Authors: Sopian Akhmad
Published: April 2021

Analisis Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman  Bawang Merah dengan Pemberian Pupuk Mono Kalium Phosphate pada Tanah Sub Obtimal .Potensi tanah di Kalimantan Timur cukup baik untuk pengembangan tanaman bawang merah. Target pengembangan bawang merah, di Kabupaten Paser seluas 20 hektare, Kabupaten Berau 30 hektare, Penajam Paser Utara dan Kutai Kartanegara masing-masing seluas 20 hektare. Penyiapan lahan yang baik dan pemberian hara yang cukup pada lahan sub obtimal akan menciptakan media tanaman yang baik dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk: merakit teknologi pengelolaan lahan suboptimal melalui penerapan pengelolaan lahan dan hara secara terpadu mengetahui potensi produksi bawang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan jumlah 6 ulangan. Perlakuan pupuk cair mono kalium phosphate (MPK)  terdiri atas 4 taraf konsentrasi yaitu : P0 = Kontrol (10 g NPK Mutiara), P2 = 2 g MPK//liter air, P3 = 3 g MPK/liter air, P4 = 4 g MPK/liter air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan pemberian pupuk cair mpk berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah umbi dan berat umbi. Bawang merah varietas Bima Brebes potensial untuk dikembangakan pada tanah ultisol dengan perbaikan sifat fisik dan kimia tanah. Pemupukan NPK mutiara yang ditabur pada tanah menunjukkan hasil yang efektif dibandingkan menggunakan pupuk cair MPK yang diberikan dengan cara disiram. Hasil rata-rata jumlah umbi yang diberikan pupuk NPK mutiara yakni 11 umbi dengan berat rata-rata umbi 6,5 g.
Сontrol and Regulation of the Hydraulic Jet Pump Operation Mode
Authors: Panevnyk D. O. , Panevnyk O. V.
Published: April 2021

Permanent monitoring and remote control of the operation mode of the hydraulic jet pump allows increasing the efficiency of the hydrajet mode of oil wells operation. Based on the analysis of the workflow of the ejection system, the authors reveal the relation between the density and flow rate of the mixed flow and the operating parameters of the oil hydraulic jet pump in the form of nonlinear dependencies, which make it possible to carry out remote control over the flow rate in the bottomhole circulation circuit. In the process of modeling the hydraulic relations between the elements of the ejection system, a binary diagram is constructed. This binary diagram is created in the form of two combined quadrants and presents the obtained regularities between the parameters of the mixed flow at the well outlet and the operation mode of the jet pump. The authors present the method of remote control over the operation mode of a well ejection system by means of varying the flow-rate of power fluid directed to the well by a ground pump unit and by means of changing the dimensions of the components of the flowing part of the jet pump. The regulation of the operation mode of the hydraulic jet pump occurs by changing the position of the operating point of the pumping unit. In the process of regulating the operation mode of the jet pump by changing the operating flow rate, the authors obtain a series of characteristics of the hydraulic system which determine the coordinates of the operating point of the pumping unit. Adjusting the operation mode of the ejection system by changing the dimensions of the components of the flowing part of the jet pump involves creating a series of its own characteristics with constant characteristics of its hydraulic system. The replacement of the components of the flowing part of the jet pump is carried out in a hydraulic way and does not require round-trip operations in the well. The authors present the graphical interpretation of the proposed methods of regulating the operation mode of the well ejection system in the form of combined characteristics of the jet pump and its hydraulic system built in the single system of coordinates.
Влияние низкомолекулярных пептидов, выделенных из кобыльего молока, на работоспособность крыс при физической нагрузке
Authors: Сарсембаев Х.С. , Синявский Ю.А. , Милашюс Казис
Published: April 2021

В эксперименте на крысах на модели «Бег на тредбане» изучены показатели работоспособности, атакже состояние системы антиоксидантной защиты, включая уровень недоокисленных продуктов в сыворотке крови, мембранах эритроцитов и митохондриальной фракции бедренной мышцы животных на фоне 28-дневного приема фракции низкомолекулярных пептидов, выделенных из кобыльего молока. В опытной группе, по сравнению с контрольными животными, время бега на тредбане на 28-е сутки увеличилось на73,5 %, при этом положительная динамика времени бега была отмечена, начиная с 7-х суток тренировки, постепенно возрастая к 28-му тренировочному дню. Прием животными обогащенной фракции низкомолекулярных пептидов на фоне физической нагрузки сопровождался снижением в мембранах эритроцитов уровня МДА на 25,3 %, а диеновых конъюгатов— на 33,8 %, кроме того, была отмечена активация супероксиддисмутазы и каталазы в мембранах эритроцитов. Аналогичные изменения были выявлены и в митохондриальной фракции бедренной мышцы животных. У крыс опытной группы отмечена более низкая концентрация молочной кислоты в сыворотке крови на 40,6 %, а в бедренной мышце— на 24,7 %. Содержание пировиноградной кислоты не отличалось от исходных значений. Полученные результаты обосновывают целесообразность использования низкомолекулярных пептидов при конструировании продуктов специализированного назначения и биологически активных добавок к пище для спортивного питания.
General Anesthesia for Cesarean Section in a Pregnant Woman with Truncus Arteriosus Intraoperatively Monitored by Transesophageal Echocardiography
Authors: Prathep Sumidtra , Petsakul Suttasinee , Chainarong Natticha , Cheewatanakornkul Sirichai , Tanasansuttiporn Jutarat
Published: April 2021

Truncus arteriosus (TA) is defined as a congenital cardiovascular malformation in which one great artery arises from the base of the heart and gives origin to the pulmonary and systemic arteries. TA patients who become pregnant have high morbidity and mortality rates because physiologic changes during pregnancy can worsen the cardiopulmonary balance causing cardiopulmonary decompensation. In this case report we report a successful general anesthesia in a truncus arteriosus patient with severe pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmenger syndrome) who underwent a full-term pregnancy delivery monitored by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography, a new technique to assist physicians in dealing with patients with hemodynamic instability during both cardiac and noncardiac surgery.
Étude mixte des effets de l’application Music Care sur la souffrance existentielle des patients en soins palliatifs hospitalisés à domicile et de leurs aidants naturels
Authors: de Poplavsky C. Valette , Windal C. , Baussant-Crenn C. , Martin J. , Baeza-Velasco C.
Published: April 2021

Cette étude mixte et contrôlée cible les effets de l’application Music Care sur la variable état « souffrance existentielle » de patients hospitalisés à domicile et de leurs aidants naturels, en soins palliatifs, en comparaison avec les effets d’une séance de relaxation. Neuf patients et onze aidants ont été inclus dans la réalisation de cette étude mixte, associant questionnaires et entretiens de recherche. Les résultats quantitatifs démontrent que l’intervention Music Care est significativement plus efficace que la séance de relaxation. La phase qualitative de l’étude met en lumière l’effet ambivalent de cette intervention, empreinte de connotations morbides, mais insufflant du sens à l’expérience de la maladie.
Agronomic performance and physicochemical characteristics of onion genotypes under different spacing in the humid Amazonian tropics
Authors: Piacentini Luiz Carlos , Moreira Bruna Corrêa , Barbosa Cordeiro Cláudia , Andrade Augusto Uchoa de , Vieira Marcos Ribeiro da Silva , Alves Júnior Miguel
Published: April 2021

The Southwest region of Pará state, Brazil, imports 100% of all onion consumed from other regions of the country, which generates market dependence and raises the product's costs. The present study investigated parameters related to germination, agronomic performance and postharvest characteristics of five onion cultivars at different planting densities. The experiment was conducted in two stages. In the first, in a greenhouse, the germination kinetics was evaluated. In the second, in the field, the seedlings were transplanted into beds. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme with three replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of five cultivars (Mata Hari, Dulciana, Cimarron, NUN 1205-F1 and Vale Ouro IPA 11) and three line spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) 8 cm between plants. As for the germination rate (GR), the results allowed to highlight the cvs. Cimarron and Vale Ouro IPA 11 with an 80.55% and 77.77% of GR, respectively. There was a significant difference for total bulb productivity, highlighting Vale Ouro IPA 11 in the 8 x 20 cm spacing. For the bulb diameter, cv. Vale Ouro IPA 11 obtained the best results in all classes. In the average weight of the bulbs, cv. Vale Ouro IPA 11 in the 8 x 40 cm spacing was the best treatment with 60.77g. As for total soluble solids, cv. Vale Ouro IPA 11 presented °Brix higher than the others, being significant at 1%. These results demonstrate that it is possible to produce quality onions in the Southwest region of Pará, which would reduce prices, since all commercialized onions come from regions outside the state.
Niat Menggunakan E-Commerce Dengan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Pada UMKM
Authors:   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Jahalia Della Tajudin La , Nafiati Lu'lu' ,   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Published: April 2021

Usaha Mikro Kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) merupakan kegiatan usaha yang berkontribusi dalam perekonomian nasional. Kemajuan teknologi informasi sangat memudahkan masyarakat dalam melakukan berbagai macam aktivitas salah satunya adalah kegiatan bisnis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh persepsi manfaat, persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, tekanan sosial, dan sikap penggunaan terhadap niat menggunakan e-commerce berdasarkan pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode survei. Sebanyak 100 UMKM di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi manfaat berpengaruh positif terhadap sikap penggunaan dan niat menggunakan, persepsi kemudahan penggunaan berpengaruh positif terhadap sikap penggunaan, tekanan sosial berpengaruh positif terhadap niat menggunakan, serta sikap penggunaan berpengaruh positif terhadap niat menggunakan.
Pengaruh Supply Chain Drivers (Cost Reduction dan Growth) terhadap Partnership in Marketing and Sales Performance
Authors:   Universitas Ciputra Surabaya, Gosal Gladys Greselda , Sutrisno Timotius F. C. W. ,   Universitas Ciputra Surabaya, Palimbong Ricky Martin ,   Universitas Ciputra Surabaya
Published: April 2021

Penelitian in bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendorong rantai pasok yaitu pengurangan biaya dan pertumbuhan terhadap kemitraan pemasaran dan penjualan serta kinerja pemasaran dan penjualan pada industri manufaktur makanan dan minuman di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis PLS-SEM. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah manajer yang bekerja di perusahaan manufaktur makanan dan minuman yang tergabung sebagai anggota komunitas manajemen produksi dan operasi di Indonesia (IPOMS) yang berjumlah 711 manajer. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah random sampling dengan jumlah 70 sampel dan data yang diperoleh sebanyak 50 responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan biaya tidak berpengaruh terhadap kemitraan, akan tetapi berpengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja pemasaran dan penjualan. Sementara itu, pertumbuhan berpengaruh terhadap kemitraan serta kinerja pemasaran dan penjualan. Kemitraan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pemasaran dan penjualan, selanjutnya kemitraan juga terbukti memediasi pengaruh antara pertumbuhan terhadap kinerja, akan tetapi tidak terbukti memediasi pengaruh antara pengurangan biaya terhadap kinerja. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penting bagi perusahaan untuk menerapkan pengurangan biaya serta mempertahankan pertumbuhan, agar dapat membuka peluang kerjasama dengan perusahaan lain terutama dalam bidang pemasaran dan penjualan yang akhirnya dapat meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran dan penjualan dalam perusahaan.