bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population Status of Commercially Important Medicinal Plants in Dehradun Forest Division, Uttarakhand (India)
Authors: RAUT Ninad B. , TIWARI Umeshkumar L. , ADHIKARI Bhupendra S. , RAWAT Gopal S. , CHANDOLA Srikant
Published: April 2018

The objective of forest management in the tropics, in recent decades, has shifted from timber production to biodiversity conservation and maintenance of life support system. However, past forestry practices have greatly influenced the structure of plant communities, preponderance of foreign invasive species, populations of high value medicinal plants as well as other non-wood forest products. We assessed the abundance and distribution of medicinal plants in managed and undisturbed forests of Dehradun Forest Division (DFD), Uttarakhand (India). A total of 80 transects (each 1 km long) were laid in various categories of forest types in DFD. This paper deals with distribution, availability and regeneration status of five commercially important species viz., Justicia adhatoda, Aegle marmelos, Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia bellirica and Terminalia chebula, across different forest types. The study reveals that open canopy forest patches, Lantana infested patches and Acacia catechu-Dalbergia sissoo (Khair -Shisam) woodlands in the eastern part of the DFD have excellent potential for the production and sustainable harvest of Justicia adhatoda. Areas those are less suitable for timber production viz., open hill forests, have greater potential for conservation and development of Aegle marmelos, Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellirica. For the production and management of high value medicinal plants in the DFD these ecological considerations need to be kept in mind.
Several Growth Characteristics of an Invasive Cyprinid Fish (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782)
Authors: BULUT Sait , MERT Ramazan , ALGAN Beklan , ÖZBEK Musa , ÜNAL Bülent , KONUK Muhsin
Published: April 2018

Age composition, length-weight relationships, growth, and condition factors of the gibel carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782) were determined using specimens collected from Seyitler Reservoir between July 2005 to June 2006. A total of 149 gibel carp were observed and examined. The age composition of the samples ranged between I and VII years of age. It has been determined than 82.55% of the obtained samples are comprised of females, 16.11% is comprised of males and 1.34% is comprised of immature. The population is dominated by females able to reproduce gynogenetically. The mean fork lengths and mean weights of the population were 14.8-32.5 cm and 43.1-807.3 g respectively. The length-weight relation were calculated as W = 0.0696 L2.132, r=0.838 for females, for males W = 0.2942 L2.6417 r=0.784 and W = 0.0274 L2.9382, r=0.813 for all samples. The mean Fulton Condition Factor was calculated as 2.342 for females, 2.064 for males and 2.276 for all samples. Age-length and age-weight relations were determined according to von Bertalanffy growth equation formula. Growth parameters of the population were Lt = 48.09 [1-e-0.093(t+0.29)], and Wt=2323.62 [1-e-0.093(t+0.29)]2.9382. The growth performance index value (Ø´) was computed as 5.37 for all specimens.
Seed Harvesting Time Affects Seedling Emergence, Vigour and Growth: Case Study of Rumex turcomanicus Czerep. (Polygonaceae)
Authors: ALIREZAIE NOGHONDAR Morteza , AZIZI Majid
Published: April 2018

Rumex turcomanicus Czerep., belonging to family Polygonaceae, is one of native green vegetable in Northeast Iran. Despite the high consumption, its seed germination and dormancy aspects is inconsiderable. In order to investigate the effects of seed harvesting date on seedling emergence, vigour and growth traits of R. turcomanicus Czerep., the seeds were harvested at five different times, i.e., two weeks after fruiting (WAF), 6WAF, 8WAF (mature seeds), 2 month after seed ripening (MASR) and 4MASR, and were sowed immediately, at agricultural college of Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Iran in 2012-2013. The results was showed that the highest and lowest of seedling emergence percentage, seedling emergence rate, seedling vigour index, seedling fresh and dry weight, seedling root and shoot length, total seedling length and %final normal seedling (%FNS) was obtained in the seeds which were sowed 4MASR and 2WAF, respectively. Maximum and minimum of mean emergence time (MET) was observed in the seeds which were sowed 2WAF and 4MASR, respectively. Relationship between %FNS and MET and between %FNS and emergence percentage was highly significantly negative (-0.961) and positive (+0.962), respectively. Based on the results of this experiment, it seems that the problem of germination in most of the Rumex turcomanicus Czerep. seeds, is probably due to a kind of morphological dormancy, which is remained in most of the fresh seeds (collected 2WAF), and eliminated in the mature seeds (collected 2MASR). Also dry seed storage of the mature seeds for two months was improved seedling emergence and vigour, significantly.
Effect of Nitrogen Nutritional Stress on some Mineral Nutrients and Photosynthetic Apparatus of Zea mays L. and Vigna unguiculata L.
Authors: OLOGUNDUDU Akinbode Foluso , ADELUSI Adelusi Ajayi
Published: April 2018

The study investigated the responses of maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) seedlings metabolic activities and photosynthetic apparatus to nitrogen nutritional stress. Germination of seeds was done using treated sand in sixty plastic pots and the seedlings were divided into four nutrient regimes. A group of the seedlings was nutrient stressed by administering 200 ml of complete nutrient solution minus nitrogen (-N) while the other groups were fed with five times (X5N) and ten times (X10N) the optimal concentration of nitrogen and the last regime was fed with full nutrient solution (FN). The photosynthetic parameters studied included chlorophylls ‘a’ and ‘b’ respectively; carotenes and xanthophyll while the mineral elements investigated include potassium, calcium and magnesium. The result of the growth analysis showed that nitrogen deficiency promotes an increase in the content of abscisic acid (ABA), causing stomatal closure and a reduction in photosynthesis. This explains the higher rate of leaf abscission in -N plants. A comparison of calcium ion and magnesium ion concentrations in both optimal and stressed conditions reveals that the two ions show antagonism in uptake. There is a correlation between nitrogen and magnesium accumulation as magnesium ion plays a vital role in chlorophyll biosynthesis, protein synthesis and photosynthesis. The pattern of accumulation of photosynthetic apparatus in both maize and cowpea follow a similar pattern. Chlorophyll a dictated the growth pattern of other photosynthetic apparatus in both Zea mays and Vigna unguiculata.
Seasonal Distribution of Phytoplankton in Riwada Reservoir, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: KAPARAPU Jyothi , GEDDADA Mohan Narasimha Rao
Published: April 2018

The present study deals with seasonal variations, correlation coefficient and biodiversity indices of phytoplankton during April 2011 to March 2012 in the Riwada reservoir, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Sampling was performed at five stations during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon. There were a total of 57 genera belonging to four major groups i.e., Chlorophyceae (27 genera), Bacillariophyceae (14 genera), Cyanophyceae (13 genera) and Euglenophyceae (three genera). Maximum and minimum total phytoplankton population and percentages were recorded at station three in pre monsoon and at station two during monsoon. The maximum and minimum species richness (Menhinick index R2) were found to be 1.29 at station one and 1.10 at station three respectively. Maximum and minimum species diversity (H1) were found at station four (3.98) and station two (3.71). Maximum species evenness was recorded at stations one, being four and five; minimum species evenness was recorded at station two. Correlation coefficient matrix indicated significant positive relationship with water temperature, pH, transparency, biological oxygen demand and chlorides, negative relationship with electric conductivity, total solids, total dissolved solids, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, nitrates, sulphates and phosphates of water. The diversity indices showed that the reservoir have a well balanced phytoplankton community.
Allelopathic Effect of Powdered Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) on the Growth Parameters of Redroot Amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)
Authors: PIRZAD Alireza , JAMALI Mousa , ZAREH Mohammad Amin , SHOKRANI Fahime
Published: April 2018

To evaluate probable allelopathic effect of different parts of Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) on the growth of redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) seedling, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University in 2012 (Iran). In this experiment, treatments were different parts of Russian knapweed (aerial part, flower and root) in different amounts (1, 2, 3 and 4 g/pot). Pots included 300 g of soil. Results showed the significant effect of Russian knapweed plant parts on the seedling emergence percent, root length, ratio of root/shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, and the significant effect of plant material amounts on the seedling emergence percent, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight. Interaction effect between plant material type and amount on the shoot length, root length, ratio of root/shoot length, seedling length was significant, too. The longest shoot (3.51 cm), root (1.75 cm), the highest ratio of root/shoot length (0.49) and seedling length (5.26 cm) belonged to control treatment. The highest seedling emergence percent of Amaranthus retroflexus (34.73%) and seedling fresh weight (0.176 g) were occurred at pots treated by Russian knapweed aerial part. The lowest seedling emergence percent (21.94 %) and seedling fresh weight (0.111 g) were obtained from application of Acroptilon repens powdered root. The maximum seedling dry (0.0126 g) and fresh (0.177 g) weight of Amaranthus retroflexus were obtained from control treatment.
Comparative Salt Stress Study on Intracellular Ion Concentration in Marine and Salt-adapted Freshwater Strains of Microalgae
Authors: TALEBI Ahmad Farhad , TABATABAEI Meisam , MOHTASHAMI Seyed Kaveh , TOHIDFAR Masoud , MORADI Foad
Published: April 2018

Salinity imposes significant stresses in various living organisms including microalgae. High extracellular concentration of Na+ directly influences ionic balance inside the cell and subsequently the cellular activities. In the present study, the effect of such stress on growth and intracellular ions concentration (IIC) of Dunaliella salina and Chlorella Spp. was investigated. IIC was analyzed using Ion chromatography technique. D. salina showed the highest degree of resistance to increase in salinity as little changes occurred both in IIC and in growth parameters. D. salina could maintain the balance of K+ inside the cell and eject the excess Na+ even at NaCl concentrations above 1M. Moreover, D. salina accumulated β-carotene in order to protect its photosynthetic apparatus. Among Chlorella species, C. vulgaris showed signs of adaptation to high content of salinity, though it is a fresh water species by nature. Moreover, the response shown by C. vulgaris to rise in salinity was even stronger than that of C. salina, which is presumably a salt-water resistant species. In fact, C. vulgaris could maintain intracellular K+ better than C. salina in response to increasing salinity, and as a result, it could survive at NaCl concentrations as high as 0.75 M. Marine strains such as D. salina well cope with the fluctuations in salinity through the existing adaptation mechanisms i.e. maintaining the K+/N+ balance inside the cell, K+ accumulation and Na+ ejection, accumulation of photosynthetic pigments like β-carotene.
Genetic Analysis for Quantitative and Quality Characters in Three Single Crosses of Upland Cotton
Authors: KANNAN Srinivasan , RAVIKESAVAN Rajashekaran , GOVINDARAJ Mahalingam
Published: April 2018

Gene effects were studied for 12 characters in three crosses of Gossypium hirsutum by six generation mean model to determine the potential for improvement of yield components and fiber quality in upland cotton. Additive genetic variance (gene action) was predominantly operating in the inheritance of boll weight, single plant yield, and lint index. In the presence of epistasis dominance and additive × additive gene effects were observed for boll weight, single plant yield, lint index, ginning outturn, 2.5 percent span length, bundle strength fineness and uniformity ratio. Boll weight, lint index, seed index, ginning outturn, fineness, bundle strength and uniformity ratio were predominantly under the control of dominance and dominance × dominance gene action. Duplicate type epistasis was noticed for all the studied characters and the possible breeding strategies for improvement of lint yield and quality traits were discussed.
Record of Traditional Medicinal Practice of Herbalists of Muslim Community in Manipur
Authors: MOHD MUSTAQUE Ahmed , BORTHAKUR S.K.
Published: April 2018

Many countries and cultures inherited knowledge of plant medicines to cure diseases and health problems from time immemorial. Field survey work and the registration of patients on a daily basis for a number of 129 randomly selected days, mainly in Thoubal district from January 2006 to October 2006 were conducted, alongside the collection of plants up to April, 2008. Recorded patients belonging to these communities included communities 514 Muslims: 390 Meeteis: 159 Tribals. Male and female were in a proportion of 614:548. The present study deals with 13 plant species, under 14 genera belonging to 13 families closely associated with 12 categories of treatment of diseases and human health problems. The plant parts/plants employed are categorised as leaves (L), 7 times; whole plant (WP), 2 times and Fruits (F), Whole plant without root (WPWR), Seeds (S), Bulbs (B), Roots (R); 1 time each. Category of illnesses and health problems and number of patients recorded were - Bone dislocation, fracture & other bone related problems (BDFOP 402); Ligament (LG 86); Kidney stone and kidney related problem (KSAP 47); Joint, body ache &associated problems( JBAP 37); Gastric problems (GST 35); Diabetes(DBT 35); Leiman or Bad Womb (BW 30); Dhatu or Piles & Constipation (PC 27); Phunba and Lengba or Congestion of chest (CC); Asthma (AST 16); Stomach and associated problems (SAP 14); Heart weakness (9); Liver problems (LP)(9); Lack of blood & Blood problem (LBBP 8); Chakmangba or post-birth lack of appetite female case (PBLAFC 8); Paralysis (P6); Female white discharge (FWD 4); Irregular Men’s Cycle (IMC 4); possessiveness due to black earth (PBE 4); Gall bladder stone (GBS 4); Fever (2) and others (OTS 366). The investigation of the traditional medicinal practices of Muslim herbalists in Manipur vis a vis finding along potentiality of the practical know how of indigenous medicinal knowledge. Comparative study of some plants for their useful aspects in solving health problems had been discussed in the paper.
The Influence of pH on Microspore Embryogenesis of White Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)
Authors: CRISTEA Tina Oana
Published: April 2018

In vitro microspore culture is one of the top techniques utilised now-a-days for the obtaining of double haploid plants in many plant species, including Brassica. The pH of the medium is a critical factor for the success of In vitro microspore culture as it influences the invertase enzyme activity, translated at cellular level through an acceleration or reduction of sucrose cleavage. The results published until now shows rather contradictory findings, as the response of microspores have been proved to be highly depending on genotypes, most of them being focused on Brassica napus. Thus, in the present study, the effect of different NLN liquid medium pH, ranging between 5.0 to 7.0 were tested in order to establish the most suitable pH for the expression of embryogenic competences of microspores cultivated on medium In vitro and ultimately for the obtaining of microspore-derived embryos. Among the 11 values of pH tested, the best results were obtained on variants with pH 5.8 and 6.0, both in what concern the maintaining of microspores viability and the number of microspore-derived embryos. The findings of the present study provide a strong base for the establishment of an efficient protocol for the In vitro culture of microspore at Brassica oleracea L. genotypes with Romanian origin.
Large-scale test of sleeve valve pipe grouted overwet subgrades
Authors: Guan Yanhua , Cui Xinzhuang , Huang Dan , Jin Qing , Lou Junjie , Liu Zequn , Hou Fei , Xiao Ming , Cui Sheqiang
Published: April 2018

Due to the intense capillarity action on low-liquid limit silt subgrade, the subgrade is often overwet. The technology of sleeve valve pipe grouting is an effective reinforcement method of the overwet subgrade. However, there are limited studies on the reinforcement mechanism and its effects. In this study, four large-scale subgrade models were set up. Distributions of moisture content and physical mechanical indexes of soil in different silt subgrades were analysed. Integral stiffness and deformation characteristics of the subgrades were studied by cyclic step loading tests. The subgrade models were excavated after tests to see the spreading pattern of the grout slurry. The reinforcement mechanism of the sleeve valve pipe grouting was analysed based on Vesic's cavity expansion theory. The results indicate that the integral stiffness and stability of the subgrade decrease due to the capillary action. The vertical plastic deformation of the wet subgrade rapidly increases with the increase in vehicle load. Sleeve valve pipe grouting produces bottom-expanded micropiles, and also horizontal reinforcement layers, which can block the capillary water from rising and form a space frame with the bottom-expanded micropiles to bear the load with the soil together. This increases the subgrade stability, and the reinforcing effect is more significant than with the traditional grouting technology.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Erken Cebire Yönelik Farkındalıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: DOĞAN TEMUR Özlem , TURGUT Sedat
Published: April 2018

Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının erken cebire yönelik farkındalıklarının
incelenmesinin amaçlandığı bu araştırmada betimsel tarama modeli
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Erken Cebir Farkındalık Ölçeği aracılığıyla
toplanmıştır. Ölçek 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar yarıyılında farklı
üniversitelerin eğitim fakülteleri sınıf öğretmenliği bölümünde öğrenim
görmekte olan 559 sınıf öğretmeni adayına uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde
edilen nicel veriler SPSS programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda iki grubun ortalamalarının
karşılaştırılmasında nonparametrik testlerden Mann-Whitney U testi ve ikiden
fazla grubun ortalamalarının karşılaştırılmasında Kruskal-Wallis H testi
uygulanmıştır. Nitel
verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma
bulgularına göre cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve ortaöğretimden mezun olunan alan
değişkenlerinin sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının erken cebire yönelik
farkındalıklarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı,
öğretimi tercih edilen dersler ve cebirsel biliş farkındalığı değişkenlerinin ise
etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Cebire geçiş ifadesi, öğretmen adaylarına ağırlıklı
olarak dört işlem becerilerini çağrıştırmaktadır. Öğretmen adayları dört işlem
veya aritmetik işlem yapma becerisini erken cebirle eş tutmaktadır.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmen ve Öğretmen Adaylarının Kaynaştırmaya Yönelik Görüşlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Akman Berrin , Mercan Uzun Elif , Yazıcı Dila Nur
Published: April 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin ve okul öncesi öğretmen
adaylarının kaynaştırmaya yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılarak desenlenen araştırmada çalışma
grubunu maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesine göre seçilen 30 okul öncesi öğretmeni
ve 30 okul öncesi öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri içerik
analiziyle analiz edilmiş olup, analizler sonucunda okul öncesi öğretmen ve
öğretmen adaylarının kaynaştırmayı genellikle özel gereksinimli çocukların
genel eğitim sınıflarında eğitim alması olarak tanımladıkları, kaynaştırmanın
birçok açıdan yararı olduğu gibi dezavantajı olduğunu düşündükleri noktalar
olduğunu düşündükleri, kaynaştırmanın başarılı olabilmesi için uygun
etkinlikler hazırlayabilecekleri, sınıfta fiziki düzenlemeler yapabilecekleri,
diğer çocukları ve aileleri bilgilendirebilecekleri belirlenmiştir. Bulgular
ilgili alanyazın ışığında tartışılmış olup, sonuçlara paralel olarak öneriler
getirilmiştir.
Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Benlik Saygıları ile Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Hizmetlerine Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: CAMADAN Fatih , BAŞTOPÇU Selvi , TOSUN Günseli , YANGIN Nesrin , KILIÇ Zeliha
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmenlerin mesleki benlik saygıları ile psikolojik
danışma ve rehberlik hizmetlerine yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin
belirlenmesidir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik
hizmetlerine yönelik tutumları çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir.
Nicel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde yürütülen bu araştırmanın çalışma
grubunu anaokulu, ilkokul, ortaokul ve lisede görevli 427 öğretmen
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada “Arıcak Mesleki Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği” (Arıcak,
1999b), “Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışma Faaliyetlerine Yönelik Öğretmen
Tutumları Ölçeği” (Abbasoğlu,
2014) ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda mesleki benlik saygısı, cinsiyet ve
psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik ile ilgili hizmet içi eğitim alma durumu
değişkenlerinin birlikte psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik hizmetlerine yönelik
tutum ile orta düzeyde anlamlı şekilde ilişkili olduğu ve değinilen
değişkenlerin psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik hizmetlerine yönelik tutumun % 11’ini
açıkladığı anlaşılmıştır (R= .330, F(3-423)= 17.194, p< .001).
Regresyon katsayılarının anlamlılığı ile ilgili yapılan t-testi sonuçları
incelendiğinde ise yordayıcı değişkenlerden sadece mesleki benlik saygısı
(β=.269, p< .001) ve psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik ile ilgili hizmet içi
eğitim alma durumu (β=.170, p< .001) değişkenlerinin rehberliğe yönelik
tutumu anlamlı şekilde açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Review of Village Institutions from the Aspect of Instructional Technology
Authors: TİSOĞLU Secil , KAYA Kadir Yucel , ÇAĞILTAY Kursat
Published: April 2018

The
Village Institutions was an educational movement that was constituted in the
early 20th century in Turkey (Türkoğlu, 2004). Village Institutions’ main idea
was to grow peasant children with learning within work method to make them work
as teachers or qualified professionals or personnel in their village. While
this unique attempt was practically applied between the years of 1940-1954,
this movement provided a significant educational, social and political change
in Turkey. The major instructional method in these institutions was built on learning
within work method which aimed to raise children as socially and
culturally educated individuals. Within this context, this study is intended to
examine the instructional method, courses, and tools and environment of Village
Institutions within the aspect of Instructional Technology. Moreover, this
study seeks to provide an understanding for the correspondence of this method
with the contemporary educational strategies and approaches.
Gelir Eşitsizliğinin Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: TOPUZ Arş. Grv. Dr. Seher Gülşah , YILDIRIM Prof. Dr. Kemal
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı gelir eşitsizliğinin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde bir etkisinin olup olmadığını tespit etmektir. Teorik literatürde gelir eşitsizliği ve ekonomik büyüme arasında negatif ya da pozitif ilişki olabileceği veya herhangi anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunmadığı ileri sürülürken; ampirik çalışmalarda da teorik literatürle uyumlu olacak şekilde oldukça farklı sonuçların elde edildiği görülmektedir. Buna bağlı olarak bu çalışmada da gelir eşitsizliğinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi farklı gelir seviyelerinde bulunan ülkeler için araştırılmaktadır. 154 ülkeye ait 1980-2014 dönemini kapsayan veri seti ile düşük ve düşük-orta gelirli ile üst-orta gelirli ve yüksek gelirli ülkeler için ayrı ayrı tahminler yapılmaktadır. Gelir eşitsizliğinde yaşanan değişimin ekonomik büyümeyi nasıl etkilediğine dair yapılan bu tahminlerde temel Solow büyüme modeli (1956) ve bu modele beşeri sermayenin de dahil edildiği Mankiw vd. (1992)’nin modeli diğer bir ifadeyle genişletilmiş Solow büyüme modeli kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın genel bulguları, gelir eşitsizliğinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin ülkelerin gelir seviyelerine göre değişebileceğini göstermektedir. Düşük ve düşük-orta gelirli ülkelerde gelir eşitsizliğindeki artış ekonomik büyümeyi arttırırken üst-orta gelirli ve yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ise ekonomik büyümeyi azalttığını destekleyen kanıtlar elde edilmektedir. 
Efes’te Kourotrophos Tanrıçaların İzinde
Authors: ALANYALI Doç. Dr. Feriştah
Published: April 2018

Bu makale ile öncelikle, hamilelik, doğum ve loğusalık sürecine ait adakların, antik çağdaki yeri ve önemi ele alınırken, Efes kentinde sağlıklı bir hamilelik, doğum ve loğusalık temennisi ile Artemis ve Demeter-Persephone gibi kourotrophos tanrıçalara sunulan adaklar değerlendirilmektedir. 
Aydınlatıcı Program Değerlendirme Modeli
Authors: ÖZÜDOĞRU Dr. Fatma , ADIGÜZEL Doç. Dr. Oktay Cem
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada, eğitimde program değerlendirme modellerinden biri olan ancak Türkiye’de günümüze kadar yapılmış program değerlendirme çalışmalarında neredeyse hiç kullanılmamış ve Türkçe kaynakları oldukça yetersiz olan Aydınlatıcı Program Değerlendirme Modelinin tanıtılması ve bu yolla Türkçe alanyazına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç kapsamında çalışmada önce Aydınlatıcı Değerlendirme Modelinin dayandığı paradigma ve özellikleri açıklanarak modelin ne olduğu ve neyi hedeflediği ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra aydınlatıcı değerlendirme modelinin kavramsal ve yöntemsel çerçevesi ile güçlü yönleri ve sınırlılıkları ortaya konularak modelin nasıl kullanılabileceği konusuna açıklık getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Aydınlatıcı Değerlendirme Modelinin özellikle yenilikçi programların değerlendirilmesinde ve bağlamın derinlemesine incelendiği ve çeşitli veri toplama araçlarının kullanıldığı değerlendirme çalışmalarında etkili olarak kullanılabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, çalışma kapsamında gelecekte gerçekleştirilecek program değerlendirme çalışmalarına yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir. 
İş Etiğine İlişkin Tutumlar ve Başlıca Felsefi Kategorileri Özelinde Yönetici-Çalışan Algısı Üzerinde Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme
Authors: SEZİCİ Yrd. Doç. Dr. Emre , KARA Yrd. Doç. Dr. Hakan
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, özel sektörde yönetici ve çalışanların iş etiğine ilişkin tutumlarının ve başlıca felsefi kategorilerinin (Makyavelizm, Sosyal Darwinizm, Ahlaki Nesnellik) genel görünümünü ortaya koymaktır. Öncelikle konuyla ilgili literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışanların iş etiğine ilişkin tutumlarının demografik özelliklere göre (cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu vb.) farklılıklar gösterip göstermediğinin belirlenmesi de araştırmanın alt amacı olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda Preble ve Reichel (1988)’in geliştirdiği “İş Etiğine Yönelik Tutumlar” (ATBEQ) ölçeği, Kütahya’da özel sektörde çalışan 40 yönetici ve 149 çalışana uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda; iş etiğine ilişkin tutumlarda ve başlıca felsefi kategorilerinde yöneticilerin çalışanlara göre daha olumsuz tutumlara sahip oldukları sonucu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Ayrıca demografik değişkenlere göre iş etiğine ilişkin tutumlar arasındaki farklılıklara ilişkin sonuçlara bakıldığında: cinsiyet değişkeni özelinde kadınlarla erkekler arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmamıştır; eğitim düzeyi, yaş ve hizmet süresi özelinde ise anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. İş görenlerin eğitim düzeyi yükseldikçe, yaşı ilerledikçe ve hizmet süreleri arttıkça daha olumlu iş etiğine ilişkin tutumlara sahip oldukları bulgusu elde edilmiştir (p<0.05). 
Tedarik Zincirinde Kamçı Etkisini Oluşturan Faktörlerin Simülasyon Programı ile Analizi
Authors: ÖZDAĞOĞLU Doç. Dr. Aşkın
Published: April 2018

Tedarik zinciri son kullanıcının ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacına yönelik olarak pek çok üyeden oluşan karmaşık bir yapıdır. Bu zincirde yer alan üyeler arttıkça bilgi bozulması yaşanmakta ve literatürde kamçı veya kırbaç etkisi olarak açıklanan stok dalgalanmaları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tedarik zincirinin Stella 9.1.4. simülasyon programı kullanılarak modellenmesi ve kamçı etkisine yol açan faktörlerin bu model içerisinde analiz edilmesidir. 
Tarihi ve Kültürel Değerlerin Dans Yoluyla Topluma Aktarımına İlişkin Görüşlerin Belirlenmesi: Eskişehir’in Tarihi ve Kültürel Değerlerinin Anlatımında “TYMBRİS’İN DANSI”
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Doç. Dr. Hasan , BATMAZ Öğr. Grv. Bülent , TAŞCI Prof. Dr. Deniz , ŞENBAYRAM Öğr. Grv. Feyzan , TUNCER Okt. M. Bektaş , AKALIN Öğr. Grv. Deniz , ERKOÇAK Öğr. Grv. Ahmet Ş. , FERATAN Öğr. Grv. Muharrem , ULUYOL Arş. Grv. Mustafa
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırmada; bir bölgenin kültürel değerlerinin topluma aktarımında araç olarak kullanılan yazılı ve görsel materyal, belgesel film, seminer, sempozyum, tiyatro oyunu ve festival gibi etkinliklerin dışında sahne sanatlarının kullanıldığı ve izleyici motivasyonunun yüksek olduğu halk dansları gösterisi ile Eskişehir bölgesinin kültürel değerlerinin topluma aktarımına yönelik toplum görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla; araştırmanın uygulandığı il olan Eskişehir’in tarihinin M.Ö. 4000’lere dayanmasından dolayı sahip olduğu geniş kültür hazinesi ve Porsuk nehri kenarına yerleşen toplulukların kültürel değerlerinin kronolojik bir sıralamayla ve dans yoluyla izleyici topluluğuna ne ölçüde aktarılıp aktarılamadığı değerlendirilmiştir. Dans gösterisinin temasıyla ilişkilendirilen Porsuk nehrinin mitolojik adının “Tymbris” olmasından dolayı dans gösterisi “Tymbris’in Dansı” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Dans gösterisini izleyen ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul edip anketleri geçerli sayılan 714 kişi araştırmanın katılımcılarını oluşturmuştur. Veriler; yazmayı ve işaretlemeyi gerektiren toplam 4 bölüm ve 27 maddeden oluşan Tymbris’in Dansı Araştırma Anketi ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler faktör analizi, kümeleme analizi ve çoklu uyum analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, “Tymbris’in Dansı” adlı dans gösterisinin Eskişehir’in tarihi ve kültürünün dans yoluyla topluma aktarımında ilgi çekici ve kullanılabilir bir yöntem olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırmanın son bölümünde gelecek araştırmalara ve uygulamaya dönük öneriler ve sonuçlar tartışılmıştır. 
İş Yükü Algısı ve İş Yükünün İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminde Kullanımı: Eskişehir’de Otel İşletmeleri Örneği
Authors: ATİK Arş. Grv. Ezgi , AKOĞLAN KOZAK Prof. Dr. Meryem
Published: April 2018

Otel işletmelerinde çalışanların performansında iş yükü önemli bir faktördür. Aynı zamanda, iş yükünün yöneticiler tarafından dikkate alınması insan kaynakları yönetimindeki birçok sorunun önlenmesine de katkı sağlamaktadır. Otel çalışan ve yöneticilerinin iş yükü algılarının belirlenmesine yönelik hazırlanan bu çalışmada ayrıca, yöneticilerin insan kaynakları fonksiyonlarının yürütülmesinde iş yüküne verdikleri önem de belirlenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Çalışma, Eskişehir’de bulunan 23 otelden 262 çalışan ve 90 yönetici olmak üzere toplam 352 çalışanın katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında, anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler; faktör analizi, bağımsız örneklem T testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Pearson korelasyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Araştırmada; çalışan ve yöneticilerin iş yükü algılarının, fiziksel, zihinsel, konumsal, çevresel ve duygusal olmak üzere toplam beş faktörden oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların ve yöneticilerin demografik özellikleri ile iş yükü algıları arasında eğitim durumu, departman, yaş ve iş tecrübesi açısından anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışanların ve yöneticilerin genel iş yüküne ilişkin algılamalarının ise orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, yöneticilerin insan kaynakları yönetimi ile ilgili faaliyetleri yürütürken iş yüküne en fazla planlama ve kariyer yönetimi fonksiyonlarında önem verdiklerine yönelik bulgulara da ulaşılmıştır 
Worker Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in the Age of Wisdom: Critical Evaluations
Authors: Okeke Remi Chukwudi , Nnamani Desmond Okechukwu
Published: April 2018

This study interrogates the notion of an envisaged age of wisdom whereby, the current information / knowledge worker era will be succeeded by a new order, in which information and knowledge will be impregnated with purpose and principles. The study thus examines the issue of worker commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour in the assumed age of wisdom. The analytical framework of the study is the rational choice theory. Precedent to the envisioned age of wisdom is the condition of putting service before self. We argued in the study that the age of wisdom-position contextually discountenances with a fundamentally contentious issue in human affairs, which has to do with whether the individual in the society is an inherently self-interested or an innately altruistic being. In the study’s re-imaginations, worker commitment and organizational citizenship behaviours will (contrary to the assumptions of the age of wisdom) continue to be influenced by the intrinsic tendencies (of the homo economicus), in the regards of subjective rationality. In contrast to the assumed precedent-condition of putting service before self in the imminent age of wisdom, this study sees general continuity in subjective rationalities but with massive increases in universal productivity, arising from enduring human inventiveness and sundry efforts.
Psychological Features of Eschatological Expectations of Youth with Various Types of Creative Thinking
Authors: Serdiuk Svitlana , Volkov Dmytro
Published: April 2018

This article highlights the results of the research on psychological features of eschatological expectations of young people with different levels of creative thinking. Our study shows that 26 % of respondents believe that the End of the World will not arrive. Twenty-four per cent of respondents are skeptical about the likelihood of the Apocalypse, but they admit its possibility. Thirty-seven per cent of respondents believe that the End of Time will not come soon and the remaining 13% expect the Apocalypse very soon. Some respondents (7.5%) indicate that growth in the rate of prophecies connected with the End of the World in recent years suggests that humanity itself seeks it, while 9 % of respondents state the religious point of view in their works. Also 9 % of respondents believe that there will be no destruction of civilization or destruction of the planet but there will be a mental transition to another level of being. The existence of correlation between creative thinking and eschatological expectations was also empirically established in our study, especially in the group of respondents with a high level of verbal creativity. There is no correlation between the index of non-verbal creativity, personal religiosity and eschatological expectations in the sample. These results confirm that our study is relevant and offers great prospects for further scientific research.
Risk factors of thrombophlebitis at infusion sites in patients admitted in surgical ward: a prospective observational study
Authors: Singh Atul Kumar , Dwivedi Rajeev , Ghaharwar A. P. S.
Published: April 2018

Background: Peripheral venous canualation is indispensable in admitted patients in surgical ward, thrombophlebitis following infusion is seldom serious, but it effects on postoperative recovery, hospital stay and hence burden of disease are magnanimous. The main aim and objective of the study to find out the incidence of thrombophlebitis at the intravenous infusion site in surgical ward.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 300 patients admitted in surgical ward of S.S Medical College and associated S.G.M. hospital, Rewa (M.P.) patients selected randomly. These Patients were visited daily for any sign and symptoms at infusion site. The incidence of thrombophlebitis according to age, sex and duration of infusion were recorded. The tool designed to collect the data were socio demographic performa and observational check list.Results: In total 300 patients the incidence of thrombophlebits is highest in age group of 41-50(20%), Male (64.66%) and incidence increases as the duration of infusion increased it is 100% after 5 days. The incidence of Grade -1 thrmbophlebitis (71.33%) is higher as compared to Grade- 2 (22.67%).Conclusions: Thrombophelebitis is still an important ongoing problem in admitted patients in surgical ward. Incidence of grade-I thrombophlebitis is higher. It is more in male in the age group of 40-50 and duration of infusion is main causative factor for development of thrombophlebitis.
Clinical profile and disability of children presenting with chronic daily headache in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Subramanian Arulparithi Cuddalore , Devi T. Parvathi , Ravikumar K. , Sivagamasundari V.
Published: April 2018

Background: The aim of the study is to analyses the clinical profile and disability of children presenting with chronic daily headache to the pediatric outpatient department.Methods: Children and adolescents aged 5-15 years presenting to the paediatric outpatient department with chronic headache were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. Disability due to headache was assessed using the PedMIDAS scoring system. Headache severity was assessed using the visual analog scale for children above 6 years of age and Faces pain scale for children below 6 years.Results: Thirty eight children and adolescents presenting with chronic headache were recruited into the study. Of these children and adolescents, 53% (20) were diagnosed with chronic migraine, 42% (16) children fulfilled the criteria for chronic Tension-type headache and 5% (2) had chronic migraine with aura. The mean Paediatric Migraine Disability Assessment score (PedMIDAS) used to assess the disability due chronic headache was 20.72.Conclusions: Female gender and adolescent age groups are important risk factors for chronic daily headache. Most children and adolescents with CDH have mild disability as assessed using PedMIDAS scoring system.
Comparison of oxygen saturation range on the basis of mode of delivery in term new-borns: an observational study
Authors: Gautam Shweta , Eske Gunvant Singh , Agrawal Avyact
Published: April 2018

Background: All newborns are cyanotic immediately after birth. Gradually within next few minutes of life this saturation increases and reaches target level in approximately 10 minutes. But the saturation range differs on the basis of amount of stress a neonate develops while being delivered out of mother’s womb.Methods: A total of 215 term healthy neonates were included out of which 131 were delivered vaginally and 84 were delivered via cesarean section (elective or emergency). Relevant antenatal history was taken and noted. Pulse oximetry readings were recorded continuously by using Masimo rad 5 pulse oximeter with signal extraction technology (SET) for first 10 minutes of life in all neonates.Results: At 1min of life spo2 of vaginal delivered babies was 70%(66% -73%) compared to cesarean delivered babies being 62%(57%-69%) with a highly significant p value (<0.001). Similarly, at 5 min the SpO2 was 89 % (85%-91%) and 80% (78%-82%) in normal vaginal delivered and cesarean section babies respectively. At 10 min of life when SpO2 measured in both groups the saturation difference was less but still significant.Conclusions: all neonates at birth are cyanotic and have a lower saturation which increases gradually with time. Ceserian delivered neonates have a low saturation range as compared to vaginal delivered newborn.
Evaluation of modified paediatric logistic organ dysfunction scoring system in predicting the outcome in critically ill children
Authors: George John P. , Namboodiripad Aparna
Published: April 2018

Background: The Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) score has been earlier validated for scoring of children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). We have modified the PELOD score to adapt to resource limited settings by replacing Partial pressure of Oxygen (PaO2) / Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)ratio, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), and mechanical ventilation by three new variables i.e. Respiratory rate, Chest retraction and Peripheral Capillary Oxygen Saturation (SpO2). Aim of this study was to assess the 'Modified PELOD' scoring system and correlate it with the prognosis of children in the PICU.Methods: A prospective, observational, hospital-based study on 75 critically ill patients admitted in the PICU from age one month to 15 years was done, during a period of one year, from June 2015 to May 2016. The modified PELOD scoring system was calculated for the patients during the first 24 hours of admission. Patients were followed up until they got discharged from the PICU or died.Results: Modified PELOD scores ranged from 1- 42 in this study, of which patients with higher values had worst prognosis. Modified PELOD score ≥23 had increased risk of mortality.Conclusions: The Modified PELOD score can be used to predict outcome even in resource limited settings. The mortality rate increases with increase in number of organs having dysfunction. Length of stay less than 48 hours is critical in terms of monitoring and management, as the chances of mortality are high during this period.
Perception of parents on childhood diarrhoea and its co-relation with their knowledge score
Authors: Ambike Deepali , Haribhakta Sandhya , Bhavari Vijay , Raje Swati , Varghese Merlyn
Published: April 2018

Background: Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, accounting for four million deaths in children. Most of these deaths are due to dehydration and preventable through oral rehydration therapy. Factors like illiteracy, poverty, social misbeliefs, taboos, cultural practices and lack of proper knowledge on diarrhoeal diseases contribute to persistence of diarrhoea in the community. Rural people are significantly less aware than their urban counterparts regarding value of hand washing, cleanliness, latrine for night soil disposal, storage of water in preventing diarrhoea.Aims and objectives of this study was to assess the knowledge and perception regarding diarrhoeal diseases among parents of the paediatric patients and its co-relation with the knowledge score in a rural teaching hospital.Methods: It was a prospective observational study. Data collected from a preformed pre-validated questionnaire administered to the parents of Pediatrics patients by face to face interviews in local language. Study population was 250 and Chi square test was applied for the statistical analysis.Results: Significant association of education level and socio-economic class with knowledge score has been seen. The awareness of ORS has been seen to increase with the higher-level socio-economic class and education level and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions: Improving parents’ knowledge and awareness while incorporating existing perceptions might lead to positive changes.
Incidence and etiology of acute kidney injury in children admitted to PICU using pRIFLE criteria
Authors: Maqbool Javid , Mir Aajaz Ahmad , Bhat Nisar Ahmad , Moona Waseem Qadir
Published: April 2018

Background: Acute kidney injury is a common problem highly associated with hospitalization. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is associated with severe morbidity and mortality especially in children. Lack of consensus definition has been major limitation in improving outcomes. This study tries to address the need of limited data on pediatric AKI. Detection of the incidence, etiological profile and outcome of AKI is important for the initiation of preventive and therapeutic strategies, identifying patients early to avoid renal replacement therapy.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of tertiary hospital (GMC Srinagar) between January 2015 to December 2016.This is the only prospective study conducted in this hospital, all other studies conducted here and other higher centers were retrospective. Serum creatinine level was estimated on all patients on admission and alternate days till discharge from Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Urine output was recorded. Estimated Creatinine- Clearance (eCrCL) was calculated using Schwartz formula. AKI diagnosis and staging was based on pRIFLE (pediatric RIFLE) criteria. eCrCl criteria was used to diagnose and stage AKI. Maximal stage that the patient progressed during the stay in PICU was assigned the stage for that case.Results: Of total 500 cases, 480 cases met inclusion criteria. Of them, the incidence of AKI was 154 (32.1%). Stage ‘Risk (R)’, ‘Injury (I)’ and ‘Failure (F)’ constituted 93(60.38%), 46 (29.8%) and15 (9.74%) respectively. Maximum AKI occurred in <1 year (30.5%). Infections were commonest etiology. Amongst infections sepsis (30.5%) was most common, followed by acute gastroenteritis (20.7%) and pneumonia (16.9%). Hypotension, nephrotoxic drugs, sepsis, need for mechanical ventilation were significant (p<0.001) risk factors for AKI. Pre-renal causes constituted 68% and intrinsic renal 32%.Conclusions: The incidence of AKI is high among critically ill children. AKI continues to be associated with adverse outcomes. pRIFLE staging system provides early identification and stratification of AKI. Infections are leading etiology of AKI in children.
Cytokine IL-12, Dengue in children: analysis of a unique relationship
Authors: Manoharan Rakesh , Pasupathy Umapathy , Ravichandran Latha , Sivaprakasam Elayaraja , V. Srinivasan , G. Krishna Sameera
Published: April 2018

Background: Dengue is a mosquito borne viral infection caused by one of the four serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV1-DENV4). The consequences of DENV infection range from asymptomatic condition, dengue fever (DF), or severe forms, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The host immune responses have been considered as the major factor responsible for dengue pathogenesis. In this study, the cytokine IL-12 is reviewed for its utility as potential biomarker of severe dengue disease.Methods: 120 children of paediatric age group with either dengue NS1 antigen or dengue IgM positive were included. Cases were classified as uncomplicated dengue (dengue without warning signs) and complicated dengue (dengue with warning signs and severe dengue). Clinical features and IL-12 (ELISA KIT) levels were analyzed in the study population.Results: Analysis of clinical features among the study groups revealed children with complicated dengue had persistent vomiting (95%), abdominal pain (80%), decreased urine output (50%), bleeding manifestations (83.3%), Hepatomegaly (70%) Haemoconcentration with concurrent thrombocytopenia (93.3%), altered coagulation profile (28.3%), ICU stay (54.7%), leukocytosis (15%), leucopoenia (66.6%) normal leucocytes, (18.4%). Analysis of IL-12 levels revealed children with complicated dengue showed significant elevation compared to controls and uncomplicated dengue.Conclusions: In our study IL-12 levels were significantly higher in complicated dengue patients in comparison with uncomplicated dengue patients as well as normal control population.