bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A WALK-THROUGH TIJUANA: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC REFLECTION ON THE DAILY LIFE AND THE MIGRANTS’ CARAVANS’ IMPACT IN TIJUANA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MÉXICO
Authors: Vazquez Victor Manuel , Gutiérrez Mariana
Published: November 2022

The following article presents an anthropological and urban reflection focused on the daily life and the main problems including: the impact of the Migrant Caravans, and urban issues in Tijuana during the years 2018 – 2021. Furthermore, the article discusses other important issues such as: the COVID-19 pandemic impact, and the historical socio-cultural patterns developed to survive the economic inequality conditions in Tijuana. Methodologically, the article utilized a qualitative approach based on fieldwork experience including participant observation, and multiple interviews conducted with residents and workers during my visits to Tijuana, Baja California, México between 2018 – 2021. The conclusions of this article present a reflection to understand and to make visible the living conditions of the migrants, the efforts provided by one Migrant organization and the unique lifestyle and contemporary urban problems developed in the border city of Tijuana.
Liposuction and Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL): New trends in body augmentation and implications for courtship behavior in Nigeria
Authors: Nwakanma Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

Liposuction and Brazilian Butt Lift have been identified as the most common cosmetic surgeries performed worldwide. In Nigeria, the appeal and demand for liposuction and gluteal augmentation (Brazilian Butt Lift) has increased with many women opting for it and highlighting its benefits in the media. This study investigates this new trend and its implications for courtship behavior. The study adopts the Self-discrepancy Theory and the Theory of Value as theoretical framework which in adjunct explains the issues associated with body modifications and its implications for courtship behavior. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted, and data were collected using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and peer-reviewed journals. The study was conducted in four States in Nigeria. The sample size for the study is 410. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The result of this study has shown that whereas women have different psychosocial reasons for opting for cosmetic surgery, this new trend unintendedly impacts the perception of men about women and courtship behavior. The study recommends regular public health education on the ramifications of cosmetic surgeries. Also, there is the need to introduce psychological screening in the procedures for cosmetic surgeries which helps to influence the choices of women on cosmetic surgery.
Explaining the forms of generation Z’s political engagement: A study on generation Z in Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Alfaruqy Muhammad Zulfa , Padmonurcahyo Anandaru , Salsabila Adinda Zahrah
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to construct the form of political engagement and examine the differences in any political engagement in Generation Z based on age, gender, and scientific field. This study involved 600 Generation Z (300 male, 300 female) who were studying at Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia. This study uses a mixed method consisting of qualitative grounded theory and quantitative comparison. Data collection uses open-ended questions, in depth interview, and a political engagement scale (16 items; = 0.862). The results show that the form of political engagement of Generation Z includes the cognitive type such as understanding and analyzing political conditions, and the behavior type such as voting, expressing opinions, and habituating socio-political values in daily life as good citizens. Forms of political involvement vary from individual to collective. Generation Z’s political perception cannot be separated from the results of social construction by online media and significant others. There are differences in the political engagement of Generation Z on age and scientific field. However, there is no difference in political engagement related to gender. This research has implications for the urgency of the functioning of social systems that ensure the exposure of reliable information and provide space for expression for Generation Z to be involved in the political arena.
Melanoma Lentiginoso Acral: epidemiología, factores de riesgo, características clínicas y genéticas, tratamiento y factores pronósticos. Una revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Fernandez Rodriguez Margiory
Published: November 2022

Introducción: El melanoma lentiginoso acral (MLA), uno de los 4 subtipos histológicos del melanoma cutáneo, se caracteriza por afectar frecuentemente a la población latinoamericana, asiática y africana y al sexo femenino en edades avanzadas. Así como por su pobre asociación a la exposición solar y limitada frecuencia de mutaciones en genes como el BRAF, NRAS, KIT Y PDGFRA. El uso de terapias dirigidas es reducido como su supervivencia al ser comparado con melanomas no-MLA, convirtiéndolo en un subtipo de gran importancia. Objetivo: Determinar la epidemiología, factores de riesgo, características clínicas y genéticas, tratamiento y factores pronósticos del melanoma acral lentiginoso en la literatura disponible actual. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática sin metaanálisis en tres bases de datos (Pubmed, Scopus y Hinari) abarcando 1990 hasta Marzo del 2021. Resultados: Se identificaron 6246 artículos en la búsqueda inicial, de los cuales se incluyeron 28 artículos que cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. Tras el análisis de la información, se identificó una tasa de incidencia de 2 por millón de habitantes del 2006-2015 según el programa de vigilancia, epidemiología y resultados finales (SEER). La mortalidad reportada fue de 15.5 a 62.9%. La etnia negra presenta un mayor riesgo de ser diagnosticado con MLA que los caucásicos OR 27.59(IC 24.44-31.15). Se caracteriza clínicamente por un rango de edad de 56.1 a 72 años; el sexo femenino y la etnia caucásica e hispana fueron los más frecuentes al igual que la localización en la extremidad inferior y el estadio clínico I-II. La mediana del grosor de Breslow fue de 0.7 a 6 mm. Las mutaciones genéticas presentaron una frecuencia menor al 20% para los genes BRAF, NRAS y KIT; de la misma manera, el uso de terapias sistémicas no supero una frecuencia mayor al 25%...
Kinetic arrest during the drying of cellulose nanocrystal films from aqueous suspensions analogous to the freezing of thermal motions
Authors: Chang Meng-Hsiang , Oh-e Masahito
Published: November 2022

A comprehensive understanding of controlling the iridescence of cellulose films by manipulating the alignment and helical pitch of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is required to advance cellulose photonics and its optoelectronic applications. Aqueous suspensions of CNCs exhibit a cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) phase with structural color; however, attaining a uniformly colored film is extremely difficult. Presumably, because multiple interrelated factors influence the CNC molecular alignment and helical pitch, existing models are not necessarily conclusive and remain a subject of debate. To eventually achieve homogeneously colored films, we compare aqueous CNC suspensions as a lyotropic liquid LC with thermotropic ones, and we spectroscopically confirm that the coloration of CNC droplets originates from the periodic CNC structure. The suspension drying process significantly influences the quality of iridescence of CNC films. Rapidly drying a droplet of a CNC suspension forms a concentric rainbow film, with red edges and a blue center, typical of the coffee-ring effect observed in air-dried films. By contrast, slow drying under controlled humidity, which reduces capillary flow, provides higher uniformity and a large blue area. Orbitally shaking films while drying under high humidity further improves the uniformity. Therefore, the evaporation rate significantly influences the thermodynamically stabilized helical pitch of CNCs, which determines the structural color. We qualitatively model the kinetic arrest induced by the rapid evaporation of lyotropic LCs in a manner equivalent to that induced by the rate of temperature change in thermotropic LCs and other materials.
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis Supplements Exome Sequencing to Diagnose Children with Suspected Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Beers Breanna Joy , Similuk Morgan , Ghosh Rajarshi , Seifert Bryce A. , Jamal Leila , Kamen Michael , Setzer Michael R. , Jodarski Colleen , Duncan Rylee , Hunt Devin , Mixer Madison , Cao Wenjia , Bi Weimin , Veltri Daniel , Karlins Eric , Zhang Lingwen , Li Zhiwen , Jevtich Kathleen , Yu Yunting , Hullfish Haley , Bielekova Bibi , Frischmeyer-Guerrerio Pamela , Do An Dang , Huryn Laryssa A. , Olivier Kenneth N. , Su Helen C. , Lyons Jonathan J. , Zerbe Christa S. , Rao V. Koneti , Keller Michael D. , Freeman Alexandra F. , Holland Steven M. , Franco Luis M. , Walkiewicz Magdalena A. , Yan Jia
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Though copy number variants (CNVs) have been suggested to play a significant role in inborn errors of immunity (IEI), the precise nature of this role remains largely unexplored. Thus, we sought to determine the diagnostic contribution of CNVs using genome-wide chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in children with suspected or known IEI.
Methods: We performed exome sequencing (ES) and CMA for 332 unrelated pediatric probands referred for evaluation of IEI. The analysis included primary, secondary, and incidental findings.
Results: Of the 332 probands, 134 (40.4%) received molecular diagnoses. Of these, 116/134 (86.6%) were diagnosed by ES alone. An additional 15/134 (11.2%) were diagnosed by CMA alone, including two likely de novochanges. Three (2.2%) participants had diagnostic molecular findings from both ES and CMA, including two compound heterozygotes and one patient with two distinct diagnoses. Half of the participants with CMA contribution to diagnosis had CNVs in at least one non-immune gene, highlighting the clinical complexity of these cases. Overall, CMA contributed to 18/134 diagnoses (13.4%), increasing the overall diagnostic yield by 15.5%.
Conclusion: Pairing ES and CMA can provide a comprehensive evaluation to clarify the complex factors that contribute to both immune and non-immune phenotypes. Such a combined approach to genetic testing helps untangle complex phenotypes, not only by clarifying the differential diagnosis, but in some cases by identifying multiple diagnoses contributing to the overall clinical presentation.
TIM-1 inhibits cancer cell proliferation by regulating IFIT2 and is correlated with prognosis in bladder cancer
Authors: Zhu Chao , Huang Haoxuan , Liu Xiaohua , Zhang Congkai , Fu Tianmei , Zhang ZhangLin , Zhou Yuru , Yu Kuai , Le Aiping
Published: November 2022

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) is involved in the progression of multiple tumors. The role of TIM-1 in BC progression is poorly understood. In the present study, we searched the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database and performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess TIM-1 protein expression in bladder cancer (BC) patients. The results demonstrated that BC with high TIM-1 expression was associated with longer overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) than BC with low TIM-1 expression. Overexpression of TIM-1 inhibited BC cell proliferation in both cell culture and animal experiments. RNA sequencing data indicated that interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT) genes induced by interferon-α (IFN-α) were significantly enriched among the genes upregulated by overexpression of TIM-1. Mechanistically, our data revealed that TIM-1 promoted IFN-α release and activated the IFIT2/p-STAT1 pathway, which is known to be related to tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, knockdown of IFIT2 in TIM-1-overexpressing BC cells hindered the tumor suppressive effect of TIM-1. Our results revealed TIM-1 as a potential molecular marker for prognosis in BC and indicate that high TIM-1 expression suppresses BC cell proliferation in an IFIT2/p-STAT1-dependent manner.
Instagram Cysters: What information is available on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome on Instagram
Authors: Cruz Janet , BS Zahab Qazi , Vasireddy Aksheta , Russell Kaleigh , Stuparich Mallory , Nahas Samar , Behbehani Sadikah
Published: November 2022

Objective: To study and categorize the content available to patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) on the Instagram social media platform and assess how post content relates to user engagement.
Design: This is a retrospective content analysis, where the five most commonly used PCOS hashtags on Instagram were analyzed: #PCOS, #PCOSinfertility, #PCOSweightloss, #PCOSdiet, and #PCOSawareness. Only English language posts were included. For every hashtag, the first 25 posts were reviewed daily for 30 days. Posts were reviewed for: type of post (picture, video, reel), type of account by user profile (account dedicated to only PCOS, nutritionist account, physician account, lifestyle coach, fitness trainer), post engagement (measured by number of likes), and post category (advertisement, motivational content, including posts containing messages of support and encouragement for patients with PCOS, and educational content). Differences between number of posts by hashtag and category were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Post hoc analyses were done using Tukey’s HSD. All statistical analyses were done in R version 1.3.1093.
Results: A total of 3801 posts were recorded during the sampling period, with 5.4% (204 posts) categorized as advertisements, 29.7% (1130 posts) as educational, and 64.9% (2467 posts) as motivational posts. There was no significant difference in the number of posts by hashtag (F4,10=0.001, p=1.00). There was a significant difference in number of posts by category (F2,12=175.7, p<0.00), with motivational as the most posted category, educational the second most posted, and advertisements the least posted. Motivational posts were the most common and also had the most engagement. Regarding type of accounts, the most engaging posts were from accounts dedicated only to PCOS (TukeyHSD; p =0.006), which also included PCOS coaches’, PCOS dieticians’, and PCOS nutritionists’ accounts.
Conclusion: Most PCOS content shared on Instagram is considered motivational and is related to health and wellness as the post was from fitness coaches, dieticians, and nutritionists. Accounts dedicated to PCOS were engaged with the most whether the content was educational or motivational. Given the high dedication to motivational and educational posts, patients with PCOS may be encouraged by physicians to use Instagram for support and information related to the disease.
Changes of Pastoral Mobility under Farmland Exploitation: a case from Altay District, Xinjiang, China
Authors: mao xixi , zeng xiangming
Published: November 2022

The pastoral mobility of Kazakh nomads changes a lot due to large-scale farmland exploitation in North Xinjiang, China. We analyze the changes in nomadic pastoral mobility. We have collected some interview data through field research from a small town inhabited by Kazakh nomads in Fuyun County, Altay district of North Xinjiang, China. We find that pastoral mobility remains to a certain degree and the large-scale farmland exploitation has changed the nomadic pastoral mobility time, pastoral mobility organization, pastoral mobility range, and pastoral mobility distance. This condition is caused by the unstable amount of straw that is not sufficient for the flocks in a year because the expansion of farmland exploitation could be no limitation with the uncertainty of snowfall and rainfall in a drought area. Besides, the cultural reason also makes the nomadic pastoral mobility maintained to a certain degree.
Study on fatigue life of orthotropic steel deck for urban rail transit based on fatigue model test and FEM modelling
Authors: ZENG Yong , WANG Shenxu , XUE Xiaofang , TAN Hongmei , ZHOU Jianting
Published: November 2022

Orthotropic steel deck (OSD) structures are widely used in the bridge deck system of rail transit bridges. Reducing the amplitude of stress intensity factor is the most effective method to improve the fatigue life of OSD structures. In order to explore the fatigue crack propagation of OSD structure and the factors affecting the amplitude of structural stress intensity factor, linear elastic fracture mechanics and paris law is used for theoretical support in this paper. Firstly, a cable-stayed bridge of urban rail transit is taken as the research object, and a full-scale segment model of OSD structure is designed and static and fatigue tests are carried out. Based on the test data, the fatigue life of the structure is simulated and predicted. Finally, ABAQUS and Franc3D are used to analyze the influence of parameters, such as U-rib thickness, roof thickness and diaphragm thickness of OSD structure, on the amplitude of stress intensity factor. The test and FEM analysis results show that, the thickness of diaphragm and the height of U-rib have little effect on the fatigue life of OSD structure, appropriately increasing the thickness of top plate and U-rib has a positive significance for prolonging the fatigue life of the structure.
Strategy and Efficacy of Whole-Course Neuroendoscopic Surgery for Epidermoid Cysts in the Base of the Skull
Authors: Li Yu , Zheng Xialin , Shao Dongqi , Zhang Binbin , Xie Shan , Jiang Zhiquan
Published: November 2022

Objective: To discuss the strategy and efficacy of neuroendoscopic surgery for the treatment of epidermoid cysts in the base of the skull.
Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 28 patients with epidermoid cysts in the base of their skulls and treated by neuroendoscopic surgery in the Department of Neurosurgery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 2015 to April 2022. Of the 28 cases, 22 cases received surgery through the retrosigmoid sinus approach, two cases received surgery through the nasal sphenoidal approach and four cases received surgery through the anterior infratemporal rock approach. Postoperative follow-up was performed to determine the operative effect and record complications.
Result: Of the 28 patients, 15 were male and 13 were female; age ranged from 31 to 67 years (mean, 46±7 years). Headache and dizziness were the most common symptoms. Gross-total/near-total resection was performed in 27 cases (96.4%) and subtotal resection in one case (3.6%). The preoperative symptoms of all patients were relieved to varying degrees. With regards to postoperative conditions of the 28 patients; intracranial infection occurred in two patients (7.1%), aseptic meningitis in four patients (14.3%), still right abducens nerve palsy in one patient (3.6%) and acute obstructive hydrocephalus in one patient (3.6%); cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea was not observed in any of the patients. During follow-up, one patient (3.6%) developed residual cyst enlargement and one patient (3.6%) developed obstructive hydrocephalus.
Conclusion: Neuroendoscopic surgery can significantly improve the resection rate of epidermoid cysts in the base of the skull, reduce trauma and traction on important structures, reduce postoperative complications, shorten the length of hospital stay, and is a safe and effective procedure.
Fine Resolution Analysis of bacterial communities associated with Neochloris oleoabundans cultures, and insights into terpenes as contamination control agents
Authors: Molina-Aulestia Denisse Tatiana , Carvalho Júlio Cesar , Pereira Gilberto Vinícius Melo , Vale Alexander Silva , Carvalho Dão Pedro , Soccol Vanete Thomaz , Soccol Carlos Ricardo
Published: November 2022

Biological contamination is one of the main bottlenecks in the production of microalgae, reducing quality and productivity, sometimes leading to complete loss of the cultures. This work evaluated the presence of bacterial contaminants in N. oleoabundans cultures through HTS and 16S analysis and their susceptibility to 6 natural terpenes (α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, trans-cinnamaldehyde, linalool, and eugenol). The principal phyla identified were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, and based on these data, 89 bacterial isolates of seven genera were obtained (36 Aureimonas sp., 27 Microbacterium sp., 5 Pseudomonas sp., 9 Bacillus sp., 14 Shinella sp., 1 Brevundimonas sp., and 1 Exiguobacterium sp.). The minimal inhibitory concentration of terpenes was 6.25 mg. mL− 1, with a reduction in bacterial counts of most isolates by 79% − 99%. The use of selected terpenes can be a pathway towards eco-friendly contamination control in microalgae cultures.
Response of root morphology traits to freezing and thawing process in an alpine steppe of the Northern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: qin xiaojing , Nie Xiaojin , Wang Xiaodan
Published: November 2022

Aims
There is compelling evidence from experiments and observations that the soil environment in the non-growing season influences vegetation in alpine regions. The differences of response to freeze-thaw process among alpine species of root traits such as morphology and anatomical are still lacking.
Methods
We measured functional root traits of six species by digging and growth chambers over freezing and thawing periods in a semi-arid steppe environment on the Tibetan Plateau.
Results
The uniformity of root traits was more obvious in spring than that in late autumn. Most importantly, fine-and shallow-root presented acquisitive syndromes in spring. Root morphological and anatomical traits affect freeze-thaw cycles by influencing root water and nutrient uptake.
Conclusions
In consistent with traditional views on the acquisition strategy was shown by root morphological traits in alpine fine root during freeze-thaw period. Shallow-root had similar response to freeze-thaw environmental conditions for these alpine plant species.
Effect of long-time exposure of green and chemical synthesized silver nanoparticles on antioxidant system and immune action of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Shokouhi Jamshid , Sary Abolfazl Askary , Dezfoulnejad Mojdeh Chelemal , Khodadadi Mojgan , Masoomizadeh Seyedeh Zahra
Published: November 2022

The unique behavior of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) led to their increasing use in a wide range of products and high discharge of these particles in the aquatic ecosystem. Regarding little information about the toxicity of AgNPs in the aquatic environment, the prediction of possible environmental hazards is the hot topic of current research studies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-time exposure of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)‎ to green (using brown macroalga extract) and chemical synthesized ‎AgNPs on oxidant/antioxidant and immunological responses. The LC50 of both synthesized AgNPs was determined after 96 h (LC50 for green synthesize AgNPs= 18.27 mg/l and for chemical synthesize AgNPs= 1.32 mg/l). Fish were exposed to green and chemical synthesized AgNPs concentrations of 0% LC50 (control), 5% LC50 , 10% LC50, and 25% LC50 for 60 days. Fish were sampled at 1, 30, and 60 days after exposure. The liver tissue of fish samples was isolated and homogenized and then the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined. The complement pathway activity (ACP), total immunoglobulin (Ig), total protein, albumin (ALB) ‎concentration, and globulin (GLO) were measured in fish blood samples. The results showed that green synthesized ‎AgNPs first ‎increased the activity of the antioxidant system and then significantly reduced its activity. However, after exposure to chemical synthesized AgNPs, ‎the activity of the antioxidant system showed a significant decrease. Both green and ‎chemical synthesized AgNP exposure caused an increase in proinflammatory activities and ‎immune proteins, and these activities were more ‎pronounced after exposure to green synthesized AgNP.
Evaluating the Content of Some Metal Elements in Soil and Their Effects on the Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Some Medicinal Plants Using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Method
Authors: Nguyen Hien Minh , Huynh Ngan Thi Kim , Nguyen Nhi Thi Yen , Ha Loan Thi , Pham Thi Tan
Published: November 2022

Soil factors, especially metal elements in the soil, play a significant role in forming and accumulating secondary metabolites, which determine the medicinal properties of medicinal herbs. In this study, the concentrations of some metal elements (K, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Cr) in Cam Mountain and Tinh Bien Town, An Giang Province, Vietnam, were determined using the XRF method. We simultaneously determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content of some medicinal herbs collected from the collected soil sample areas, thereby assessing the influence of these elements on the formation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The results showed that K, Mn, and Cr were mainly concentrated in the topsoil and transition layers; Fe and Cu elements tended to concentrate in the transition layer and the subsoil when surveying the soil profile. K, Mn, Cu, and Cr concentrations were more focused in Tinh Bien area, while Fe and Zn had higher concentrations at Cam Mountain. Additionally, results from evaluating the relationship between the content of the elements in the soil and the content of two active compounds also showed the corresponding relationship between Cr/Phenolic, Cu/Phenolic, and Zn/Flavonoid (R2 = 0.74; R2 = 0.75; R2 = 0.90, respectively) with the corresponding correlation equations at level six.
Utilization of Tannin Based Adhesive from Mahogany (Swietenia Mahagony) Extract Bark for Composite Product
Authors: Lest Andi Sri Rahayu Diza , Santoso Adi , Saad Sahriyanti , Arisandi Heru , Taskirawati Ira
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to determined the quality of mahogany (Swietenia mahagony) tannin extract as an adhesive for plywood. The mahogany tannin extract was copolymerized with phenol and formaldehyde became TPF adhesive. Then, the plywood was made from mangium (Acacia mangium) and sengon (Paraseriathes Falcataria) with dimensions 30 × 30 × 0.6 (cm3) in the length, width, and thickness, respectively. Pressing was carried out using the cold press method for 11 minutes and then followed by the hot press method for 10 minutes at a temperature of 110oC with a specific pressure of 1.47 MPa. Phenol formaldehyde and urea formaldehyde adhesives were used as a comparison and 5 replicates were made for each plywood. The physical and mechanical were tested according to JAS 233:2003. The result showed that TPF had an equal quality with the synthetic adhesive in dry conditions. Moreover, all of plywood from sengon wood categorized as F**** the lowest and the best.
Improved extreme learning machine based on adaptive dual-strategy optimization algorithm and its application
Authors: Yuan Gao , Liang Zhang , Jiawei Zhou , Wei Yuan , Yangjun Qiu
Published: November 2022

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and unstable prediction results caused by the random connection weight threshold between the input layer and the hidden layer of extreme learning machine (ELM). An adaptive dual-strategy improved pelican optimization algorithm (IPOA) -ELM regression prediction model is proposed. Firstly, the pelican optimization algorithm (POA) is improved by the Logistic-Tent chaotic map, improved convergence factor by adaptive double strategy method and reverse learning strategy. Then, the performance of IPOA is verified by multiple groups of multi-dimensional single-peak and multi-peak test functions. The test results show that IPOA has better accuracy, stability, and robustness than POA, butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), cuckoo algorithm (CS), grey wolf algorithm (GWO), particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and mouse swarm optimization algorithm (RSO). Finally, IPOA is applied to optimize ELM, and the performance of the IPOA-ELM model is verified by three engineering data sets. The simulation results show that the convergence accuracy, stability, and robustness of the IPOA-ELM model are better than those of the POA-ELM and ELM models.
High inflammation level is essential to cerebral microbleed in the prediction of large artery atherosclerotic outcomes
Authors: Hou Duanlu , Lu Ying , Li Zhixin , Zeng Yanwei , Tang Zhouping , Yang Xiaobo , Wu Danhong , Dong Qiang , Han Xiang , Zhang Jun , Tang Yuping
Published: November 2022

Background and Purpose: Cerebral small vessel damages and large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke share many risk factors, such as inflammation, but little attention has been paid to the relationship between cerebral small vessel damages with inflammation in predicting large artery atherosclerotic stroke outcomes.
Methods: We consecutively enrolled participants with LAA stroke and collected their baseline and follow-up data, especially the imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease and C reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels. The primary outcomes were LAA stroke outcomes at 3-month and 1-year, the secondary outcomes poststroke hemorrhagic transformation, infarction recurrence, and mortality.
Results: 864 participants were included to the final analysis. We found that only cerebral microbleed (CMB) with numbers greater than 5 can predict 3-month (p < 0.001) and 1-year (p < 0.01) outcomes in LAA stroke, furthermore when CMB is more than 5 plus NLR or CRP more than 3, the prediction in primary outcomes is significant (all p < 0.05), but not in secondary outcomes.
Conclusions: Our multi-centered cohort study suggests that CMB counts > 5 were not associated with the prognosis of LAA stroke, and CMB counts > 5 with high levels of inflammation (NLR or CRP > 3) were associated with a poor prognosis of LAA stroke.
Bioinformatics Approach Based on the Cancer-Immune Cycle Identifies Potential Immunotherapeutic Targets in Diffuse Gliomas
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Li Xinglong , Wang Run , Yu Yang , Li Mao , Xu Peizhi
Published: November 2022

Immunotherapy as monotherapies for diffuse gliomas fails to achieve satisfying results, while immunosuppression shows a greater challenge. Therefore, identifying immunosuppressive targets and developing novel combination treatments for immunotherapy could be promising. First, we tried to combine the cancer-immunity cycle score and diffuse glioma transcriptome data for weighted gene co-expression network analysis. We found significant gene modules and hub genes based on module membership (MMhub) statistics and protein-protein interaction networks (PPIhub). Then, we further obtained 37 common genes among MMhub and PPIhub. GO analysis revealed that these genes were significantly involved in the chemical synaptic transmission, glutamatergic synapse, and syntaxin-1 binding. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed they were enriched with the synaptic vesicle cycle, and glutamatergic synapse. Then, we identified 10 critical hub genes (SYN1, SNAP25, STXBP1, VAMP2, APBA1, DLG4, CPLX1, RIMS1, UNC13A, and GRIN1) using the Degree algorithms of cytoHubba plug-in. Finally, we further confirmed that these hub genes shape an immunosuppressive TME based on the evidence that they are negatively correlated with a majority of the immunological status of TME in diffuse gliomas. The result shows that these genes may be potentially unreported immunosuppressive targets in diffuse gliomas.
Dysregulation of SMAD4, LINC00667 and LINC00909 could be used as effective diagnostic markers in breast cancer incidence
Authors: Esfahani Soudabeh Madhkhan , babaei Ali , Tabuk Arezou , Omidghaemi Shadi , Azadeh Mansoureh
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer is considered a life-threatening disease among females globally which early diagnosis and treatment in the initial stages can be very effective. SMAD4 is a key regulator of TGF-β pathway that is known to play an essential role in breast cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered to be potential regulatory factors for several cancers that are not definite about the main role of two LncRNAs, LINC00909 and LINC00667, on breast cancer. In this study, we focus on identifying the possible correlation between expression levels of SMAD4 gene, LINC00909 and LINC00667 in breast carcinoma, as well as their potential roles in the diagnosis of breast cancer. To determine the extent of expression of these factors in 25 paired tumor-normal patient tissues, quantitative real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the expression of the SMAD4 gene in tumor cells compared with control samples, while the expressions of LINC00909 and LINC00667 increased dramatically. As well as, specificity and sensitivity between all three criteria and breast carcinoma were statistically significant. furthermore, we observed the positive relationship between expression of LINC00909 and HER2/neu in the tumor tissues, whereas there was not another correlation between clinicopathological features and SMAD4 gene, LINC00909 and LINC00667. Moreover, we discovered a positive association between the expression of LINC00667 and LINC00909. altogether, we conclude that, SMAD4 could be considered as a potential diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer, and two lncRNAs, especially LINC00909, were identified to play an important role in the identification of breast cancer.
Modelling monthly trends in regional temperatures for the United Kingdom
Authors: Mills Terence C.
Published: November 2022

Since 2019 the U.K. Met Office has provided monthly observations, beginning in 1884, on maximum, minimum and mean monthly air temperatures for the U.K. and its regions. Time series analyses of these data are reported in this paper, using a deterministic monthly trends model. Although the U.K. has seen significant trend temperature increases between 1884 and 2021, these increases differ depending on whether maximum, minimum, or mean temperatures are being considered, with trend minimum temperature increases being greater than trend maximum temperature increases. There is also a difference in the trends exhibited by temperatures in the central and peripheral regions of the U.K., with rather larger trend increases being found in the former than in the latter. The largest trend increases are invariably found during the autumn months, usually October, while the smallest are found in June for maximum temperatures, which are usually insignificant, and in winter for minimum temperatures.
Structural and Spectral Properties of 4-(5-methyl-[1, 2, 4] triazolo [1, 5-a] pyrimidine-7-yloxy) phthalonitrile: Analysis by TD-DFT Method, ADME Analysis, and Molecular Docking Simulations
Authors: ALTUN Kenan , YILDIKO Ümit , TANRIVERDİ Aslıhan Aycan , TEKEŞ Ahmet Turan , ATA Ahmet Çağrı , KARTAL Barış , ÇAKMAK İsmail
Published: November 2022

In this study, 4-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-7-yloxy) phthalonitrile (coded as MTPPN) was chosen as the phthalonitrile compound and the quantum chemical and in-silico studies have been done. First, the basis set of the time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method was used and the boundary orbital energies and band gap calculations of the molecule were performed. Analysis of atoms in molecules (AIM) theoretical calculations is presented to learn about electron density and bond critical point. In addition, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion analyzes (ADME) were performed for the drug potential of the compound. On some enzymes effect of MTPPN compound was examined. The docking score was obtained for AChE, BChE, α-GLY proteins -7.864, -6.848, and -5.511 kcal/mol, respectively. MTPPN gave a good inhibitory performance in an in-silico study as a drug candidate.
Deep Learning Approaches for Classification of Breast Cancer in Ultrasound (US) Images
Authors: PACAL İshak
Published: November 2022

Breast cancer is one of the deadliest cancer types affecting women worldwide. As with all types of cancer, early detection of breast cancer is of vital importance. Early diagnosis plays an important role in reducing deaths and fighting cancer. Ultrasound (US) imaging is a painless and common technique used in the early detection of breast cancer. In this article, deep learning-based approaches for the classification of breast US images have been extensively reviewed. Classification performance of breast US images of architectures such as AlexNet, VGG, ResNet, GoogleNet and EfficientNet, which are among the most basic CNN architectures, has been compared. Then, transformer models, which are one of the most popular deep learning architectures these days and show similar performance to the performance of CNN' architectures in medical images, are examined. BUSI, the only publicly available dataset, was used in experimental studies. Experimental studies have shown that the transformer and CNN models successfully classify US images of the breast. It has been observed that vision transformer model outperforms other models with 88.6% accuracy, 90.1% precison, 87.4% recall and 88.7% F1-score. This study shows that deep learning architectures are successful in classification of US images and can be used in the clinic experiments in the near future.
The Construction of an Assessment Index System of Law-Based Governance of a City in China
Authors: Li Ze , Symaniuk N.
Published: November 2022

Constructing an assessment index system of law-based governance of a city provides a data basis and an empirical basis for China’s urban construction of the rule of law and highlights its characteristics in the era of big data. A thorough understanding of the theory of the rule of law is required in order to establish this index system. The establishment of the index system needs to be based on a deep understanding of the theory of the rule of law. In particular, it is important to understand the relationship between the core content of the rule of law and the law-based governance of a city, and then to determine the connotation of law-based governance of a city. This serves as the starting point for constructing the index system. At the same time, it is necessary to have a solid grasp of the index theory, adhere to the method of index setting, break down the concept of law-based governance of a city into different levels of indicators according to the types and attributes of the indicators and continue to visualize and operationalize them until the content can be measured. As a whole, this forms a complete assessment index system. Of course, the content of the index system is not fixed and needs to be constantly tested and adjusted in practice.
Legal regulation of technologically improved people in the United States and China
Authors: Morozov V. , Chukreev V. , Rizayeva D.
Published: November 2022

As humanity improves its use of technologies that can replace parts of a biological organism with ones containing mechanical or electronic components, it raises important legal and political issues. For example, the successful implantation of devices in human bodies could lead to the emergence of new cognitive and motor abilities, thereby resulting in the creation of a new class of people. Undoubtedly, this new class of people with extraordinary abilities would require a legal and governmental response. However, the question that arises is what legal rights might be given to these people, considering that they are more similar to machines than to men or women. The following legal aspects are of the utmost importance: the legal rights and responsibilities of cyborgs; the regulation of access to neuroprosthetic devices by third parties; and the limitation of the illegal use of the damaging capabilities of cyborgs. This article examines a number of laws and regulations from various jurisdictions in the United States, the European Union, South Korea and China that apply to cyborg technologies, with a particular focus on a legal doctrine that applies to neuroprostheses.
Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy: The Development of the OECD Project and Possible Implementation in Russia
Authors: Ponomareva K.
Published: November 2022

The digitalisation of the economy has created a number of complex problems in the area of taxation. A majority of these problems relate to the issue of the distribution of taxing rights between states in the context of taxing income received as a result of crossborder activities. This article discusses the initiatives of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) regarding the taxation of international groups of companies in the era of the digital economy. It considers methodological approaches to taxation of the digital economy and highlights the features of the digitalisation of the economy that play an important role in tax policy. The study undertaken is based on a comparative legal method that allows for the examination of similar legal problems found in legislation and international treaties, as well as the identification of optimal ways to solve them. The following main problem with taxation of the digital economy is highlighted: tax systems laid down in the 1920s traditionally take into account the principles of the source of income and residency. In the new world of globalization and the digital economy, these principles have become significant obstacles to international trade. It is on this ground that the issues of the new nexus as well as the new model of allocation of taxing rights should be established. The article provides an analysis of the OECD’s two-pillar approach to these issues. Pillar 1 deals with the reallocation of profits of multinational enterprises to market jurisdictions. Pillar 2 deals with the issue of a global minimum tax. Additionally, the article discusses the various ways in which the new OECD concept could potentially be implemented in Russia.
Mandatory CSR in India – A Trailblazer from the East
Authors: Khurana Kirthana Singh
Published: November 2022

The paper attempts to trace the evolution of the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and seeks to gather how it turned out to be a boon for the developing nations of the world, particularly countries like India. By the path-breaking promulgation of the Companies Act, 2013, CSR was made mandatory in India, for companies meeting the financial thresholds mentioned in Section 135 of the Act. The author seeks to study the journey of CSR in India, the present law, and the latest amendments made to the same in recent times. The paper evaluates the rationale behind the mandatory CSR law and how it can be a game-changer in India Inc.’s commitment to social causes. The author has also suggested how the mandatory CSR regime in India can be further strengthened to contribute meaningfully, particularly in the fields of education and healthcare, through better project identification, stronger execution linkages, an overhaul of the board committees, flexible and pragmatic government rules, and synchronization of the corporate CSR activities with the lead programmes of the Government of India. These reinforcements can go a long way in making the CSR approach much more effective and value accretive.
Biological Outcome and Stress Analysis of Angled Abutment on Implant Supported Single and Partial Denture Prostheses
Authors: Tuwaijri Sahr Al
Published: November 2022

Aim:

To study the biological outcomes of angled abutments when used to restore single or partial fixed implant supported prosthesis.

Methodology:

An online search using Medline (Ovid) and PubMed databases was conducted using terms and combinations such as; angled abutment, bucco-lingual angulation, biological complication, marginal bone loss and implant supported fixed partial prosthesis. The focus of the study was to evaluate the effect of bucco-lingual/palatal angulation with implant supported single or partial FPD, which was conducted through specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:

The search revealed a total of 8 human in vivo and 10 in vitro studies. Of that, three in vivo studies were excluded and two from in vitro studies.

Conclusion:

According to the available studies, no significant bone loss was associated with single and partial implant supported prostheses when angled abutments are used to correct the tilted buccolingual implants. The results should be evaluated carefully due to the short follow up duration of the clinical studies; further long term follow up studies are needed. In cases where implants were misplaced, the best is to use platform switched implants with a smooth neck, maintain at least a minimum of 2 mm or more of buccal bone and utilize the lowest angulation values as possible.
Anatomy of Vital Contents of Infratemporal Fossa: their Variations, Clinical and Surgical Significance - A literature review
Authors: Somayaji Krishnaraj , Rodrigues Vincent , Kumar Naveen , Aithal P Ashwini , KG Mohandas Rao
Published: November 2022

Background:

The infratemporal fossa is an anatomically complex and pathologically interesting region in the head and neck. Location and clinically significant vital structures in it make infratemporal fossa an area of interest to neurosurgeons specializing in skull base surgery, and maxillofacial surgeons. Although a variety of surgical approaches like endonasal, zygomatico-transmandibular, transzygomatic, transmaxillary, and facial translocation to this region have been developed, the surgical anatomy of this region is complex and remains challenging for most of the practitioners. Compilation of case reports on anatomical variations of the infratemporal fossa contents and comprehensive discussion concerning their clinical and surgical significance is lacking.

Objective:

To highlight the normal and abnormal anatomy of the contents of infratemporal fossa with emphasis on clinical importance of these structures.

Methods:

Articles from peer-reviewed journals and reputed standard textbooks were searched online using appropriate key words and only the articles which were deemed relevant were selected for further review.

Results:

Out of about 400 research articles, only 77 articles identified to be appropriate to the objectives were used in this literature review.

Conclusion:

Anatomical location and presence of functionally and clinically vital structures make the infratemporal fossa very important for dentists, otolaryngologists, neurosurgeons and maxillofacial surgeons. Knowledge of normal and variant anatomy of this area is very crucial for surgically handling the various complications like hearing loss, facial nerve weakness, temporomandibular joint dysfunction etc during various surgical procedures.