bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Key Elements for Engaging Dairy Farmers in Action Towards Healthy Waterways: a Case Study in the Aorere Catchment, New Zealand
Authors:   , Robertson Jodie
Published: November 2021

Over the past few years, there has been increasing attention in New Zealand drawn to the pollution of water bodies from dairy farm effluent, and ways to mitigate this. The aim of this research is to identify the key elements involved in engaging farmers in community based action to mitigate agricultural water pollution. The study examines a Landcare project that has shown signs of apparent success, entitled the Aorere Catchment Project (ACP), in Golden Bay, New Zealand. The ACP was initiated after the Aorere River was found to have high pathogen levels, likely resulting from dairy farm runoff. This research evaluates the projects apparent success, and follows the evolution of the project to gain an understanding of the key success factors in engaging farmers. Surveys of dairy farmers in the Aorere valley were undertaken in 2007 and again in 2010 to identify management practices and identify changes in issues and farmer attitudes over this period. This study found that the ACP has had extensive success, both in resolving waterway issues and engaging farmers in action for healthy waterways. The underlying community led philosophy of the project has been vital in the success of this project. The key project principles, ‘farmers as leaders’, and ‘experts on tap not on top’ have contributed greatly to the projects uptake. There are however some catchment specific elements that have aided the apparent success of this initiative. The Aorere catchment project model unchanged would not be suitable for every catchment in New Zealand, as not all the elements of success were under the projects control. The model does however serve as a good example for similar projects in other New Zealand catchments, and also the importance of a suitable indicator of success.
Commute as Ritual: Wellington Harbour Ferry Terminal
Authors:   , Mitchener Andrew R.
Published: November 2021

Transport infrastructure is the template upon which we build our inhabitations. Decisions regarding street arrangements, block sizes, and larger scale infrastructure design for example have an enduring and profound affect on the quality of our spatial environments. The conceptual framework we apply when generating and subsequently manipulating this template sets the parameters by which it is judged. By convention, transport infrastructure is considered a purely technical undertaking, within which designers rarely play any meaningful part. The spaces of mobility are thus from their very genesis conceived as instrumental in nature, judged as mere conduits whose function is to join meaningful places such as work and home, fulfilling an economic imperative. Recent research has shown however that affective, symbolic factors play a greater role than instrumental considerations in modal choice of commuters, suggesting that, to the end user at least, transport possesses a value beyond simple utility. Indeed, mobility itself is often cited as a defining characteristic of the modern world, implying a highly symbolic status. This gap between the instrumental conceptual framework we apply to transport infrastructure and the symbolically loaded experience of mobility is an opportunity for design to enrich the experience of users, framed in this research as commuters. Through investigation of the commute as a quotidian, secular ritual greater consideration is given to extra-economic value in the spaces of transport infrastructure. This research analyses the nature and function of ritual in contemporary secular life and argues for the applicability of a ritual framework for understanding value in transport infrastructure. The spatial implications of ritual (defined as symbol + action  and exhibiting the key sociocultural functions of mnemonic and liminality) are explored through the design of a harbour ferry terminal for Wellington.
Representing Justice: Architecture and the New Zealand Supreme Court
Authors:   , Watson Matthew Thomas
Published: November 2021

This thesis investigates the architectural significance of a recent exemplar of judicial architecture, the New Zealand Supreme Court complex (2010), in order to assess the complex’s design as an embodiment of judicial aspirations. The underlying assumption of this study (based on the works of Goodsell, Edelman, Garapon and others) is that the architecture of the Supreme Court complex legibly responds to its layered (but not always publicly accessible) briefing process, a process which expresses the aspirations of the New Zealand justice system at the beginning of the 21st century. By way of background, the study describes the history of the New Zealand judicial system, outlining the evolution of New Zealand’s court hierarchy (including the genesis of the Supreme Court as New Zealand’s court of final appeal) and of New Zealand’s judicial architecture. The role of the Supreme Court within New Zealand’s constitutional and legal framework is also examined, particularly in relation to recognising and supporting the rule of law and Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand jurisprudence. The judicial aspirations of the Supreme Court are evinced through analyses of the Supreme Court Act 2003 and the Supreme Court project’s briefing process. These aspirations are coupled with an analysis of the Supreme Court complex’s built form to enable an assessment of architectural expressions in the Supreme Court complex of concepts of judicial independence, history and tradition; the indigenous nature of the Supreme Court; and the Court’s role in upholding the rule of law and sovereignty of Parliament. The outcome of this research is a greater understanding of the function of the Supreme Court complex as a symbol of the judicial values and aspirations for New Zealand’s justice system in the early 21st century. The significant findings of this study are that the Supreme Court complex is legibly successful in terms of its architectural engagement with New Zealand’s judicial heritage and the contemporary approaches of openness, transparency and access in the judicial system, but that the architecture the Supreme Court fails to appropriately engage with the significance of the on-going M􀀀ori–Crown constitutional relationship embodied in the Treaty of Waitangi, evincing a disconnect between the judicial aspirations expressed at the establishment of the institution and those expressed in the Court’s built form. It is suggested that this discrepancy highlights a layering of aspirations that occurred in the Supreme Court complex’s briefing process.
Weaving Words and Drawing Lines: The Bauhaus Masters Endeavours to Establish a Universal Visual Language within Foundation Education
Authors:   , O'Sullivan Nan Catherine
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the roots of interdisciplinary architectural and design education and methodology in Europe and the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. In particular this thesis is concerned with the establishment of the principles of a universal visual language within this context. Walter Gropius' (1883‐1969) efforts to propagate a universal understanding of architecture, art and design at the Bauhaus is a central focus of this study along with the use of a universal visual language to facilitate such an ideal.   This thesis argues that the instigation of the Bauhaus preliminary course, the Vorkurs, developed by Johannes Itten (1888–1967) and matured by Bauhaüslers Lázsló Moholy‐Nagy (1895‐1946) and Josef Albers (1888‐1976) offered vitality, integrity, creativity and longevity to Bauhaus pedagogy and posits that the beliefs and practices of the Vorkurs contributed significantly to the translation of European modern design education in the United States.  Although Bauhaus pedagogical translations were refuted by some and misunderstood by others in the wholly different economic context of the United States, this study proposes that the translations of the Vorkurs methodology, by the émigré Bauhaüslers, Moholy‐Nagy at the New Bauhaus in Chicago, Albers at Black Mountain College and Yale and Gropius at Harvard contributed to the codification of modern twentieth‐century design education, and as such continues to offer relevance in current architectural and design pedagogical environments.
The Politics, Poetics and Performance of Sacred Space: The Sacred Space of Cook Islands Christian Churches
Authors:   , Kecskemeti Maria
Published: November 2021

The current literature about sacred space suggests that it is produced through either substantive definitions of space (the poetics of space) or situational definitions of space (the politics of space). I conducted ethnographic research in the Cook Islands to consider how these two constructions of space interact to produce the sacred space of the Cook Islands Christian Church. I have shown that the production of sacred space can be described through three modes of spatial production: the politics of space, the poetics of space and the performance of space. They are enacted through social practices in an inter-related process. Based on these findings I propose a spatial triad model. I suggest that by moving beyond traditional dichotomous constructions of space such a spatial triad model can contribute to new understandings of how sacred and profane space is produced and reproduced.
Parametric Architectural Design Solutions – Some Observed Difficulties of Application
Authors:   , Fraser Matthew
Published: November 2021

It is generally accepted that the restrictions of digital parametric design tools (DPDT’s) are currently shifting. Technology and interface can be engineered to overcome many complex problems within architectural processes, yet this does not necessarily mean solutions are easier to obtain; quite the opposite can occur. As architectural practitioners lean more towards the ubiquitous use of digital processes the decisions made by the designer can be overshadowed by the advantages of time saving technologies and heuristic rules of thumb. The various inherent interfaces of digital processes tend to conceal the real complexity and nuance of the set of possible solutions and analyses. The awareness of the workings of the tools and processes from a ‘base principle’ point of view could be a weak point in regards to the uptake by a new generation of architects who experience a growing simplification of interfaces within new digital design processes. This poses a problem for a profession which seeks to integrate technical skills knowledge into wider, sometimes loosely structured, set of processes. This research highlights the problems faced by architects, students, and specialists who aspire to apply innovative digital processes in a strategic manner. The concern which arises is this lack of understanding of how tools could be used reduces the ability to integrate them within design process. Theoretical literature falls short in providing robust guidance to the application of illunderstood design tools, further compounding the sincere integration of practical solutions. There are ways forward for developers to create new and updated tools, such as form modellers, design aids, and optimisation helpers, but these do not necessarily meet their full potential in providing integrated solutions. It is possible to improve our understanding of these potentials by looking at how these tools can be used in both practical and theoretical terms. In this thesis this is done by framing and answering the following research question: What are the characteristics of some of the observed issues and obstacles revealed in the practical application of digital parametric design tools in architecture? This question is adopted so that the obstacles of DPDT’s may be better understood and allow for better integration, better design outcomes, and better future use of powerful latent potential. This research defines the process of parametric design through analysis of literature and applies this to participantobserver case studies. It finds that a clarification of particular issues and obstacles can be useful to improved understanding of DPDT’s and that certain qualitative characteristics of these obstacles can constrain applications and avenues of exploration.
A Post-Environmental Discourse: Rhetoric, Science and Legitimacy in Environmental News Coverage of Lake Winnipeg, Canada
Authors:   , Hill Garrity
Published: November 2021

In post-environmental news discourse, environmentalism is reduced to a rhetorical motif that is relayed by all sides of the political debate, including the environmental opposition. The phase of post-environmentalism in environmental discourse is indicated by the absorption of environmental messages into mainstream discourse so that they are no longer 'owned' by subversive environmentalists, but by anyone claiming to represent the cause. The result is that a counter-discourse is no longer present in the discussion to challenge dominant assumptions about unlimited economic growth. Using critical discourse analysis, this thesis examines the news coverage of governmental regulations aimed at reducing toxic algae in Lake Winnipeg, Canada. The thesis describes how the science is used in the narratives, and compares patterns of doubting science in the coverage with similar patterns found in news discourse historically. The analysis shows that the pro-lake cause is recruited throughout the coverage to boost legitimacy for the Manitoba hog industry and the City of Winnipeg, who leveraged public campaigns opposing the regulations. Rather than contributing to a public understanding of the tension between environmental and economic paradigms, the simplistic cost-benefit analysis of the regulations in the coverage decontextualises the problem from its complex political-economic origins. Furthermore, rather than presenting environmental science in a way that aids public understanding, science is either credited or discredited to reinforce the industry and governmental positions. The need for transparent communication of environmental problems and their causes is thus hindered by the legitimacy claims-making that dominates the discourse. The repeated and shared voicing of environmental messages in the media further embeds the discourse into a post-environmental phase by excluding a counter-discourse from the discussion – environmentalism becomes talked about by everyone, and yet discussed by no one.
Marketing and Design in Organisational New Product Development: Early Evidence From New Zealand Manufacturing Firms
Authors:   , Sun Susan
Published: November 2021

The multidisciplinary nature of organisational new product development (NPD) suggests that the development of successful new products is dependent upon the individual and combined efforts of various functions. Despite being recognised as two highly important disciplines in NPD, marketing and design have received little empirical examination of their roles in the NPD process and their effects on NPD outcome. In order to address this gap within the literature, the objectives of this thesis were to assess the presence of marketing and design in NPD, explore the nature of the marketing-design relationship, and examine the effects of marketing influence, design influence, and the level of marketing-design connectedness on NPD outcome. The study was set within the New Zealand context and data was collected via a web-based survey from 91 manufacturing firms that adopted both marketing and design in their NPD programmes. The results showed marketing and design to be two highly influential functions in NPD. Both functions were also found to be strongly involved in the NPD process. A positive relationship was found between marketing and design’s functional influence, which suggested the possibility of an interdependent relationship between the two disciplines. Finally, marketing and design were found to affect different aspects of NPD outcome, with marketing positively affecting product innovativeness, and design positively affecting process proficiency and financial performance. The research has implications for the future development of marketing, design, and NPD theories, as well as for managers seeking to improve their NPD activities through the alignment of their marketing and design functions.
Teaching Midwifery Face-to-Face or Via the Screen: The Impact of Flexible Delivery of Teaching on Student Engagement
Authors:   , Milne Tania Dawn
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research was to describe how undergraduate midwifery students’ engagement with learning is impacted when they have teaching delivered by different methods of instruction. It asks the question: does flexible delivery of teaching impact on their ability to engage in their learning? This research describes the impact of different modes of flexible delivery of teaching within a new curriculum on students in a pre-registration midwifery undergraduate programme at Waikato Institute of Technology (Wintec), New Zealand. This new curriculum commenced in 2010 as a response to legislative and industry driven changes to midwifery education in New Zealand. The research used an on-line survey to ask students enrolled in years one and two of the programme and those who had exited the programme during the same timeframe, A range of questions about their learning experiences. Surveys were sent to 104 enrolled students and 15 students that had exited the BMid programme. Fifty two (50%) responses were received from the enrolled students and three (20%) from those that had exited the programme. There were three key findings of this research. Firstly the participants identified differences with their sense of belonging amongst their peers, tutors and the administration team outside of their regional learning hubs. The second key and unsurprising finding was that respondents across the board preferred face-to-face sessions to video conferencing sessions and thirdly that the demographic profile of the respondents from the regional learning hubs was different to those attending from the Hamilton city hub. The implications of these key findings are; · For tertiary institutions to acknowledge and consider the links between high quality learning, student engagement and outcomes. · To support the need for continuing training and education for both faculty and students with regards to flexible delivery of teaching and to provide professional development and relevant technology to support more interactive forms of learning if delivered via video conferencing or by online activities. · To further research the needs of Māori students and those who have exited the programme in order to discover what would need to change in order for them to continue with their studies.
Angel Faces, Killer Kids, and Appetites for Excess: Reapproaching Moral Panic
Authors:   , Wright Sarah Louise
Published: November 2021

It is argued that the contemporary era is one proliferated with moral panics (Thompson, 1998). This is just as the concept of moral panic, which has enjoyed nearly forty years of analytical purchase, is being ‘rethought’ with an impetus to connect its processes with developments in social theory. Underpinning this rethink is a primary question: what are moral panics extreme examples of? It is evident in the literature, however, that there is a varying degree to which a more longstanding question – why moral panics occur – is addressed as part of this rethink. I propose in this thesis that these questions are intimate with each other; that only by understanding why real episodes occur can a supposition of what the concept of moral panic is in an abstract sense begin. Another – related – proposal is that while the conjectural question remains elusive the approach to empirical cases of moral panic be in real-type/ideal-type terms. That is, that at the same time as the concept is employed to understand phenomena occurring in tangible social situations, a reflection upon the concept (the ideal-type) is undertaken in relation to how the real-type case under investigation challenges and/or supports its interpretative parameters. To demonstrate these relationships and their study, I examine in this thesis the case of ‘killer kids’, which emerged in 2002 and spanned across the sociopolitical landscape of Aotearoa/New Zealand for the next six years. At the heart of this case was a set of news images of a child, who at twelve years of age had been involved in a heinous crime resulting in the death of pizza delivery person Michael Choy. Seeking to understand how and why these images were fundamental to how this ‘real-type’ episode of moral panic unfolded in this space and time, I employ a two-component approach inspired by Norman Fairclough’s (1995a) Critical Discourse Analysis. The first component deconstructs the realtype case via a three-tiered analytical framework: content, process, and context. The second component reflects upon these tiers (in parts and as a whole) in relation to Stanley Cohen’s (1972) application of a ‘cycle of deviance amplification’ in addition to the stages of panic as described in his seminal work Folk Devils and Moral Panics. From the processual and contextual factors identified at play in the construction of ‘killer kids’ I conclude with a suggestion that moral panic can be thought of as a set of appetites that come together in an explosive discharge of excess energy.
Grade Retention Practices in Primary Education in Timor-Leste: A Case Study
Authors:   , Leite Cidalio
Published: November 2021

Grade retention is the practice of requiring a student who has been in a given grade level for a full school year to remain at that same grade level the following year (Jimerson, 2001; Owings & Kaplan, 2001; Wynn, 2010). Grade retention has always been practised in primary education in Timor-Leste. This study investigates rationales behind grade retention practice in grade 1 primary education in Timor-Leste. A qualitative case study was use to investigate the mechanisms teachers use to retain or promote a student. Teachers‟ beliefs about grade retention, their efforts to prevent students from being retained, and factors that may inhibit students‟ learning are explored. Six teachers and four principals from six primary schools in two districts participated in this study. Analysis of data that were collected by using semi-structure interviews and studying documents relating to the practice of grade retention revealed that grade retention has been inconsistently practised amongst the participating schools in Timor-Leste. Despite having poor classroom conditions for learning and low teacher qualifications, teachers continue to retain low achieving students due to their beliefs that grade retention improves students‟ learning. This study suggests that classroom conditions need to be improved, and teachers‟ qualifications need to be upgraded in order to increase student learning while reducing grade retention.
Going Social: A Case Study of the Use of Social Media Technologies by the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Authors:   , Fell Georgina
Published: November 2021

Going social presents a case study of how the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa is incorporating social media across all aspects of its day-to-day business and public programmes. It also explores how the general public are using social media and what they think might be its value for museums. This dissertation addresses a gap in the literature in that little research has been undertaken in the field of social media and museums in New Zealand. Looking at social media use from a cross-institutional perspective is also something which has been neglected in the literature on this topic. Information is becoming increasingly digital and museums are beginning to feel the pressure to engage with active publics in this new online space. It is therefore crucial that more is understood about the impact this might have on organisations and the practicalities of implementing social media initiatives in museums. This study draws on multiple sources of data to examine some of the issues involved in employing social media tools and platforms at Te Papa. Interviews were conducted with staff drawn from the areas of marketing, the Te Papa Picture Library, collections and research, exhibitions and concept development and IT, in order to provide a diverse and balanced perspective. This also served to highlight similarities or differences in the way that different directives use social media. Focus groups were conducted to address the secondary aim of acquiring public views. Finally, Te Papa’s Statement of Intent 2010/11, 2011/12, 2012/13 and other documentary sources were used to provide insight into the degree that social media features in strategic and policy documents at Te Papa. It was found that different directives use social media in different ways depending on their unique aims and objectives. For example, marketing use social media to market exhibitions, events and public programmes, whereas staff within the area of collections and research use social media to provide access to, and promote, collections and collection-based information. Sharing museum information and content with internet users was a common goal, as was connecting with audiences and communities of interest in an informal and humourous way. Focus groups identified that the general public were most interested in gaining objective reviews and interpretations of museum content, along with behind the scenes insights. These findings are potentially valuable to museums as they move towards adopting a more strategic approach to social media use.
School Staff's Perceptions and Attitudes towards Cyberbullying
Authors:   , Mattioni Loreto
Published: November 2021

Parallel with the spread of technology use, cyberbullying has become a serious problem in schools, particularly those in developed countries where most young people have ready access to the Internet and mobile phones. Cyberbullying can cause significant emotional harm, disrupt social development, and can be associated with negative student outcomes. As schools must provide students with a safe learning environment, they are challenged with ways to address the phenomenon of cyberbullying. To minimize the negative effects of cyberbullying, and to assist school staff to understand and address this issue, it is necessary to examine the views of school staff on cyberbullying. Positioned within the framework of Social-Ecological Theory, this study explored teachers’ and senior managers’ perceptions and attitudes towards cyberbullying. Data were collected using an anonymous online self-report questionnaire on cyberbullying. One hundred and twelve senior managers and ninety eight teachers, currently working in New Zealand schools, participated in the study. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate whether groups of items of the questionnaire assessed distinct attitudinal constructs. Results from the exploratory factor analysis indicated that attitudes towards cyberbullying was a multi-dimensional construct composed by three factors (i.e., ‘Concern’, ‘Empathy’ and ‘Responsibility’). The results also showed that most school staff understood what behaviours constitute cyberbullying. However, a significant proportion of school staff were unlikely to identify social exclusion as being a component of cyberbullying. School staff perceived cyberbullying as conducted mainly by girls and by students across all age groups. In addition, school staff were concerned about cyberbullying, they were empathetic towards cybervictims and they believed that cyberbullies could be helped. However, school staff, especially senior managers, were unlikely to perceive cyberbullying as a problem in their schools and likely to report low frequencies of cyberbullying. Moreover, school staff felt only moderately responsible for preventing cyberbullying as it commonly occurs outside the school. Theoretical and applied implications, for the different levels of the Social-Ecological Theory that affect cyberbullying behaviours, are discussed.
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Authors:   , Melsom Zane
Published: November 2021

This thesis investigates how to advance the theory of Anna Klingmann, an architectural brand theorist and the author of Brandscapes (2007). In Brandscapes Klingmann writes that people use brands to represent who they are and that brands simultaneously represent and shape people according to the values associated with them. Klingmann applies this concept of branding to architecture, proposing that all buildings have brands which represent and shape society. Klingmann argues these brands can be strategically used to shape society in the direction of enhanced wellbeing.  This thesis argues however that Klingmann’s notion of wellbeing emphasises the economic dimensions of the concept, and therefore only addresses how the brands of architecture can enhance economic wellbeing in society. This thesis proposes that Klingmann’s theory can be advanced by investigating non-economic elements of wellbeing and how these can be conveyed through the brands of architecture. This investigation focuses on the context of Wellington, New Zealand, and uses the framework provided by the New Zealand Ministry of Social Development in its 2010 Social Report to define non-economic elements of wellbeing. The thesis uses the methods of literature review, case study analysis and design research to advance the theory of architectural branding. Overall, the thesis argues that advancing Klingmann’s theory beyond its economic focus can contribute to a better understanding of how the brands of buildings can be used to enhance the non-economic wellbeing of society.
Ragged Fortunes and Swashbuckling Thrillers; Or, Recreating the Victorian in Young Adult Fiction 1985-2011
Authors:   , Herrera Maria Lujan
Published: November 2021

The Victorian era has become a fashionable setting for contemporary young adult fiction. Studies of the contemporary pseudo-Victorian novel have focussed almost entirely upon fiction for adults. Scarcely any attention has been paid to their young adult equivalents — the subject of this thesis. Despite being marketed as “historical” fiction, these works do not adopt actual Victorian history as its basis but are influenced by the literature of the time instead. The chief inspirations are authors such as Dickens and Conan Doyle rather than Victorian children’s classics. After demonstrating the appropriation of Victorian literature in the young adult novels of Pullman, Bajoria, Updale, and Lee, I discuss the function of this Victorian dimension. The nineteenth-century “essential” categories under study here — London, prostitutes, opium dens, orphans, detectives — once embodied Victorian anxieties regarding class, social upheaval, gender politics, colonial guilt, and nationalism. But when contemporary writers evoke Victorian ghosts, they are putting forth their own world view. Consequently, these texts are doubly haunted. Heavy with Victorian ideologies, they simultaneously propagate new fears (for instance, terrorism) and appeal to contemporary sensitivities (particularly feminism). Where Victorian values do not align with the authors’ own, they are challenged and “updated”. Whenever they are made to agree, the reader is confronted with assumptions and prejudices that echo disturbingly through the centuries.
Quality Expectations of Social Networking Sites: A Comparative Study Between New Zealand and Vietnam
Authors:   , Le Anh Thu
Published: November 2021

Online Social Networking (OSN) websites have been growing fast and their success is decided by customers’ satisfaction. User satisfaction can be measured using a number of popular frameworks such as SERVQUAL, SERVPERF, SiteQual, and WebQual. These frameworks are often used as guidelines when designing, implementing, and assessing quality of websites in general and can also be used to measure the quality of online social networking websites. Besides, there are additional factors that should be taken into consideration when assessing user satisfaction such as demographic differences and cultural differences. The present research project aims to investigate and test the linkage between culture and user satisfaction on the online social networking websites. This is achieved by conducting an analysis on the basis of a survey in two different countries – New Zealand and Vietnam. The research project’s principal component analysis follows Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions and the modified framework of assessing online social networking sites quality conducted by Rizavi, Ali, and Rizavi in 2011. The results suggest that users’ quality expectation of Social Networking Sites (SNS) in New Zealand and in Vietnam may be influenced by cultural differences.
Intertidal Community Differences Between the Cook Strait and Wellington Harbour
Authors:   , Tam Jamie C.
Published: November 2021

Wellington Harbour which lies near the southern tip of the North Island, New Zealand, exhibits a typical rocky intertidal shoreline with groups of species similar to those found on many temperate rocky coasts around the world. A short distance away, the Cook Strait displays a very different shoreline in community composition compared with Wellington Harbour, most notably a distinct lack of filter feeders. This thesis aims to examine how exactly the community composition is different between the two coasts at a species level and if there are any environmental factors that can explain the differing distributions. Here, a series of field and laboratory experiments aim to examine why certain filter feeders (mussels) are absent from the Cook Strait shore, yet so abundant in Wellington Harbour ... This work indicates that the Cook Strait coastline has lower filter feeder abundances and an overall different community composition than Wellington Harbour. The cause of these differences appears to be bottom up regulation through the lack of food availability (phytoplankton) during winter months in the Cook Strait. The high commercial value of coastal environments in both fisheries and tourism heightens the need to understand these habitats. Unravelling the complex relationships between the seasonal changes in the water column and onshore biota is important for conserving and protecting these essential ecosystems in New Zealand and temperate shores worldwide.
In Search of a New Zealand Populism: Heresthetics, Character and Populist Political Leadership
Authors:   , McLachlan Ben Thomas
Published: November 2021

Populism, an academically contested political theory, has been subject to few thorough studies in the New Zealand context. With a history of strong, successful leaders, and fervent political rebels, New Zealand provides a useful political context in which the theoretical platform for what constitutes populism can be explored. While the current pre-eminent model of New Zealand-centric populist leadership is Barry Gustafson’s six point framework, this thesis will posit that adopting a multi-methodological approach is able to explain the nuances of New Zealand populism more effectively. Traditional international approaches to populist theory, such as those of Panizza and Laclau, are introduced to provide context on the wider literature on populism. In a challenge to Gustafson’s model, which closely matches the definitions of Panizza and Laclau, the social choice theorems of Riker’s heresthetics are introduced to provide a counter-explanation for populist leadership. The study applies the theories of traditional populism and heresthetics to three case studies of New Zealand leaders; John A. Lee, Winston Peters, and Richard Seddon. Through application of Gustafson’s model to these leaders, we see that his criteria are only significantly met in the cases of Lee and Peters, while the criteria are only partially met in the case of Seddon. In regards to Seddon, Riker’s heresthetics and the theorems of Panizza and Laclau equally explain his populism. After classifying the populism of each case study, an attempt is made to explain why each selected leader was drawn to a particular style of populism, and it is posited that Renshon’s construct of relatedness, a dimension of his over-arching theory of character, can provide a qualitative answer to this question. These case studies demonstrate that populist leadership in New Zealand needs to be seen as a continuum, in which populist leaders vary in the degree to which they fit within particular theoretical classifications, and that a multi-methodological approach is necessary to explain the nuances of each case. The study posits that this approach will aid further study, particularly when analysing modern leaders that employ a milder variant of populism.
Investigation and Development of Post-Season Modelling of Arrow Squid in the Snares and Auckland Islands
Authors:   , McGregor Vidette Louise
Published: November 2021

Squid fisheries require a different management approach to most fish species which are much longer living. Most squid live for around one year, spawn and then die. The result of this is an entirely new stock each year with little or no relationship of stock sizes between the years. Hence, it is difficult to set appropriate catch limits prior to the season. Currently, there is nothing set up for modelling the New Zealand squid fishery in-season or post-season. In-season management would allow for adjustments of catch limits during a season. Post-season management would provide information on how much the stock was exploited during a season (described as the escapement). I have produced an integrated model using ADMB (Automatic Differentiation Model Builder) (Fournier et al., 2011) which models length frequency data, CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort) indices and catch weights from a season. It calculates escapement which indicates how much the fishery is currently being exploited. In running the model against data from four area and year combinations, I found the escapement calculation to be stable. The results suggest this modelling approach could be used with the current data collected for post-season modelling of the fishery. I am less confident about in-season modelling with the current data collected. The integrated model fits quite poorly to the CPUE data, suggesting some discrepancy either between the data or the assumptions made of them. Sampling from a greater number of tows is recommended to improve the length frequency data and this may also improve the ability of the model to fit both to these and the CPUE.
Assimilation of the Lost Site: Establishing Architectural Identity on Sites Defined by Conflicting Grids and Conflicting Programmatic Typologies
Authors:   , Bakshi Sunil
Published: November 2021

The contemporary urban dilemma of the ‘lost site’ has arisen due to the ever-increasing density of our urban environments, where boundaries of contrasting urban contextual grid conditions overlap, forming pocket sites that ultimately must respond to multiple grids yet belong to none. These lost sites are the sites trapped by opposing contextual constraints, needing to respond to multiple and often conflicting conditions and as such ameliorating the architect’s ability to provide them with a single unique sense of holistic identity. This research investigates approaches for the design of these lost sites, particularly when they must not only respond to multiple grid conditions, but are also required to engage multiple diverse programs and reflect conflicting programmatic typologies. The vehicle for this design research investigation will be the actual site and program for the proposed new New Zealand School of Music on Jack Ilott Green in the northeast corner of Wellington’s Civic Square. As an example of a ‘lost site’, this site must establish a public identity that responds to its principal frontage Jervois Quay and the Harbour, while simultaneously resolving and responding to a civic identity required by Civic Square and a more local identity required by Harris Street. The program must establish an academic identity as a music school, while simultaneously establishing civic identity as a public concert hall on Civic Square in conjunction with Capital E, Michael Fowler Centre, Town Hall, City Council, Public Library, and City Gallery. The thesis argues that architecture on ‘lost sites’ can be conceived as a metaphorical ‘joint’ as a means of responding to opposing site and program conditions. The thesis argues that architecture's potential to be manifested as a joint can be strategically used as a viable means of addressing lost sites. This approach further suggests that a building on a lost site can be conceived as having multiple ‘front’ façades – each expressing identity in response to a different set of contextual and programmatic conditions. The thesis tests how this approach might enable architecture to establish a holistic identity upon an urban ‘lost site’, even with each of its façades needing to engage a different identity.Recent demographic shifts which involve more families living in New Zealand’s urban centres have led to an ever-increasing density of our urban environments. The denser the urban environment becomes, the greater the number of ‘lost sites’ begin to emerge. Most buildings address this dilemma by either considering only one dominant set of conditions, or by being conceived as an ‘object in a field’ which actively denies the contextual conditions. These complex sites are an urban and architectural issue in need of active critical resolution. This thesis explores how such diverse opposing requirements can be resolved holistically while establishing unique identities for each set of unique site conditions.
'I Can Tell You This Is a Fine Country': Identity Construction in the British-New Zealand Imperial Diaspora
Authors:   , Sautter Lilja Mareike
Published: November 2021

This thesis uses diaspora theory to analyse late-nineteenth-century texts written by women in New Zealand. The texts include a number of novels as well as non-fictional journals and memoirs. Robin Cohen's definition of diaspora provides a framework for understanding the British settler community in New Zealand as an imperial diaspora. My approach modifies Cohen's framework by also employing constructivist theories of diaspora, in particular by Stuart Hall, Paul Gilroy and James Clifford. These theorists see identity as continuously produced within representation and diaspora as furthering cultural crossover and hybrid identities. This view of the British diaspora reveals fissures within the teleological ideology of the nation-state, which underlies imperialism. Rather than focusing on a binary of imperial centre and colonial periphery, I understand the diasporic community in New Zealand as part of an international network in which mobility and a shared print culture provided manifold connections.  The main research question asks how the texts participate in the construction of identity in the diasporic community in New Zealand and how they situate themselves within a wider context of diasporic print culture. It focuses both on the identity of women within the community and on the significance of notions of women‟s role, femininity and women's writing for the identity production of the community as a whole. The three sections, "Journey", "Settling" and "Community", trace the diaspora's narrative production of its collective identity through time and space. They consider the diaspora‟s textual imagining of its journey to New Zealand, its project of settling there, and its building of a distinct community. It emerges that the texts usually attempt to reconcile a number of contradictions and conflicting discourses, at the basis of which lies a fundamental tension between the diaspora's dispersal from the homeland and its need to produce a collective identity. This tension leads to an underlying instability within the texts and frequently causes them to deconstruct their own ostensible ideologies. However, at the same time the texts offer a number of powerful ideas and narratives which allow the diaspora to create a complex but meaningful collective identity.
How Do Business People Rank Requirements Representations for Information Systems?
Authors:   , Kenny Des
Published: November 2021

The research question that summarises the primary research goals is: How do business people rank their intentions to use different requirements representations for information systems? An additional goal of the research is to understand the determinants that contribute to these intentions. Business people in this research are defined as working people who are not in an information systems role. The requirements representations evaluated were Prose Narrative, Image Narrative, Diagram Narrative and Video Narrative. The results of this research show that business people rank their intention to use the requirements representations in the following order: Prose Narrative, Image Narrative, Diagram Narrative and Video Narrative. The determinants that influence the intention to use a representation are: Job Performance, Effort, Attitude to a Representation, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, Freedom of Choice, Experience, Age and Gender. This research shows that the influence of each of these determinants on the intention to use a representation is significantly different for each requirements representation.
O CONTADOR DE HISTÓRIAS DO CURSO DE FILOSOFIA DA UFPI: UMA HOMENAGEM AO PROFESSOR GERSON ALBUQUERQUE DE ARAÚJO NETO
Authors: Guimarães José Luis De Barros
Published: November 2021

Dossiê - Filosofia UFPI
O Ensino pelo Exemplo: Helder Buenos Aires de Carvalho
Authors: Linhares João Caetano
Published: November 2021

Texto em homenagem ao Prof. Dr. Helder Buenos Aires de Cavalho
À PROFESSORA ROSILENE MARIA ALVES PEREIRA, COM CARINHO!
Authors: Santos Maria De Jesus
Published: November 2021

Dossiê Filosofia - UFPI
NÓTULAS PREAMBULARES SOBRE A DEMOCRACIA EXPERIMENTALISTA DE MANGABEIRA UNGER.
Authors: Soares Wellisson Marcos , Soares Wellisson Marcos de Sousa
Published: November 2021

RESUMO: Em nótulas preambulares, o presente artigo, cujo o problema central é uma análise sobre a concepção de democracia de Mangabeira Unger, será apresentada em três partes. Num primeiro momento, como uma tentativa de mostrar um mapeamento acerca da concepção teórico-prático no que diz respeito à democracia radical e propositiva, que posteriormente se entendera como experimentalismo democrático. No segundo momento, há, de forma pormenorizada, o bojo do pensamento ungeriano que se reflete e se estende em diversas áreas, como na filosofia política e direito. Porém, a direção e tentativa é tentar trazer um enfoque maior no que diz respeito ao experimentalismo democrático com ecos na sua “teoria social construtiva”, em seu estuário na filosofia política. É nesses soslaios que o pensamento de Mangabeira Unger se debruça com a análise do processo através do qual ele tenta desdobrar a dimensão explicativa de suas obras. E, por último, visa de forma imanente, discutir a imaginação institucional e de proposições programáticas e criação de futuros alternativos, reimaginando os arranjos institucionais, nas quais estas por sua vez vestem uma camisa de força entendida como fetichismo institucional e estrutural, vítima do pensamento preconceituoso oitocentista e novecentista.