bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated development of territories as an instrument of sustainable urban transformation
Authors: Shelest Ksenia , Maksimov Sergey , Shepeleva Antonina , Aliyev Takhir
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the concept related to the integrated development of territories (IDT), specific features of its legal regulation, and its socio-economic and environmental aspects. It considered as an effective instrument of sustainable urban transformation, as it gives opportunities for the rational and efficient use of all types of resources within the territory and for the potential targeted planning of urban areas with a geographically-oriented approach to cities in directions that correspond to the patterns of sustainable spatial development. An experience of engaging different stakeholders partnership in integrated urban development was studied and recommendations for its adaptation to Russian cities were given. The presented analysis of IDT as a long-term instrument of sustainable urban transformation confirms the relevance of developing a methodology for monitoring, analysing, and forecasting the influence of this factor on regional social and economic development as an interdisciplinary research direction. As a practical application authors have made an analysis of the practical implementing IDT project in the Slavyanka residential area in St-Petersburg, presented development of resources in the expert community on this issue and proposed their own approach, according to which the IDT mechanism should be applied to urban areas. Such research would have a practical value for the purposes of making adjustments to regional integrated development of territories programmes and developing new IDT projects in other residential areas.
Methodological aspect of Central Asia and Russia development
Authors: Gibraltarskaya Oksana , Yuldasheva Ohida , Ruihong Zhou
Published: December 2023

The methodological aspect of the development of Central Asia and Russia is one of the key topics of our time, which requires the attention of researchers and specialists in the field. Due to the geopolitical position of both regions, their historical, social and economic context, as well as taking into account the changes taking place in the global political arena, it is necessary to develop holistic methodological approaches that contribute to the successful development of these territories. Given the many problems and challenges faced by Central Asia and Russia, it is necessary to have a systematic approach when developing methodological tools. It is important to take into account their specificities, needs and potential to achieve sustainable development and improve the quality of life of the population. One of the key aspects of the development methodology of both regions is the integration approach. We cannot consider the development of individual countries or regions in isolation; instead, we should strive to create a basis for co-operation and interaction between the countries of Central Asia and Russia. It is important to develop and promote coherent and balanced development methods that enhance cooperation as well as create favourable conditions for mutually beneficial economic and social development.
Environmental characteristics of factors affecting eastern social development
Authors: Shodieva Nodira
Published: December 2023

Social development is a very important direction in forming the state system. It is also important in the development of society. This article describes the environmental characteristics of the factors affecting the social development in the East based on scientific and historical sources. The problems encountered during the current society formation are analyzed in depth based on research sources. Also, in the article, the environment, national, religious tradition, education issues are considered as factors affecting the peculiarities in social development.
Legal regime of agricultural animals as objects of civil law rights
Authors: Skvortsova Tatyana , Mosienko Tatiana , Pratsko Gennady , Marchenko Ekaterina
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the legal regime of farm animals in civil turnover. To disclose the topic the authors analysed the concept and considered the types of animals, investigated the features of agricultural animals as objects of civil rights. The authors used logical and dialectical methods, methods of induction, deduction, synthesis, and analysis, systemic and structural-functional methods of scientific cognition, and method of interpretation of legal norms. According to the results of the conducted research on the peculiarities of farm animals as objects of civil law regulation, the authors came to the conclusion that it is necessary to establish a special legal regime in respect of such objects. In the authors' opinion, animals as special objects of civil turnover should be regulated in a separate chapter of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. At the same time, farm animals should be singled out as a separate type of domestic animals with the establishment of the peculiarities of civil legal regime in respect of them. The authors also emphasise the need for proper regulation of the issues of acquisition and termination of ownership rights in respect of unattended farm animals. Proposals to improve the mechanisms of legal regulation of farm animals will help to create the necessary legal framework for the functioning of the livestock industry as one of the important branches of agriculture in the Russian Federation.
The research on the influence of temperature on the properties of synthetic fibres for load-handling devices
Authors: Rakhmanov Bakhodir , Razzakov Sobirjon , Kosimov Latifjon
Published: December 2023

This article presents the results of experimental studies aimed at analyzing the impact of various temperature conditions on the performance characteristics of synthetic fibres and threads, widely used in lifting devices in construction. Not only the positive aspects of using these materials are discussed, but also the design features of synthetic load-bearing devices. In addition, a classification of materials used in the lifting industry is carried out, with an emphasis on polymer complex fibres. The physicomechanical and physicochemical properties of these materials are studied at various temperature conditions. To achieve these goals, research was carried out using modern physical-mechanical, physical-chemical, mathematical-statistical methods, methods of mathematical modelling, experimental planning, as well as methods of computer science and computational mathematics. These methods ensured the reliability and accuracy of the results obtained, which allows us to draw conclusions that have practical significance for the design and operation of lifting systems in a variety of climatic conditions.
Automated systems and processes visual modelling skills control in training engineering specialists with simulator complex
Authors: Polevshchikov Ivan , Blagoveshchensky Vladislav
Published: December 2023

The article presents the prototype of the computer simulator complex (CSC) developed for automated control of visual modelling skills of systems and processes in the training of engineering specialists in the field of food production. With the use of CSC, it is possible for teachers to create and students to perform exercises on analysing and building diagrams in various standards (in particular, UML). The key functionalities of CSC are: setting up exercises on analysis and construction of visual models by the instructor; formation of individual variants of exercises in accordance with the instructor's settings; execution of exercises by the student in a special interface, including the use of a graphical editor for building diagrams; automatic formation of a reference solution of the exercise and evaluation of the students' solution in accordance with the reference. The CSC prototype, implemented in the form of a web-based system, is used in Russian Biotechnological University when training students in the field of development of automated control systems for food production. The application of CSC simplifies the processes of knowledge control, collection and analysis of data on knowledge control, which contributes to the improvement of learning outcomes of specialists.
Simulation of an explosion-proof bin made of relaxation material
Authors: Chernyshov Mikhail V. , Savelova Karina E. , Yatsenko Anna A. , Kapralova Anna S.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the numerical simulation of a blast wave interaction with a relaxation multiphase material used in design of the destructible protection bin with combined method of suppression of the blast damage effects. Numerical simulation of shock-wave systems and processes occurring during the detonation of a condensed high explosive (HE) in semi-open (open at the top) explosion-proof bins was obtained, including when one which uses multiphase gas-liquid material (at a first approximation – water-bubble mechanical foam) as relaxation substance that absorbs the explosion energy and thus reduces the damaging effect of the blast waves.
Engineering calculations and numerical modeling of composite adhesive plywood panels
Authors: Аnanyev Mikhail , Lisyatnikov Mikhail , Lukina Anastasia , Sergeev Mikhail , Prusov Evgeny , Deev Vladislav , Roshcina Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The global construction industry is witnessing a surge in production volumes, particularly in residential construction. To address the growing demand for prefabricated and cost-effective housing, the proposition is to employ glued plywood panels as construction components for building floors and roofs. These panels, comprising a timber frame, plywood skins, and insulation, offer numerous advantages, including low weight and a high strength-to-weight ratio. The objective of this study was to diminish the material consumption of panels by comparing calculations using both the traditional engineering method and the finite element method within a software package. The methodology for calculating and designing glued plywood panels, when employing the engineering method, involves determining the geometric characteristics of the panel sections, accounting for variations in the elastic moduli of wood and plywood. In the numerical calculation, the design method of plate elements of the "ReGridQuad" type was chosen, with the assignment of the required plate thickness. The outcomes of all calculations revealed comparable stress and deflection patterns in structures. The values obtained from both calculations were found to be below the standard ones. Research in this domain underscores the significance of numerical calculation methods in enhancing the quality of glued plywood panels, rendering them more competitive in the building materials market.
Standardization of valuation activities in the field of property
Authors: Kolankov S.V.
Published: December 2023

The present research paper demonstrates the relevance of standardization of valuation activities in the assessment of the market and other values of real estate. It characterizes the changes in the federal valuation standards that took place in the Russian Federation in 2022. It indicates the remaining elements of ambiguity in the federal valuation standards, which do not allow to ensure the rights of consumers of valuation services, to increase the objectivity of the performed calculations and conclusions of the market value of the object, which most adequately reflects the current situation on the market. The possibility of additional use of International Financial Reporting Standards and International Auditing Standards for clarification of the provisions contained in the federal standards of assessment. There are pointed out the necessity of developing the Methodological recommendations for the appraisal of different kinds of values named in the federal law on the appraisal activities and in the federal appraisal standards. A provision is formulated that the term cost should be used in two meanings: as an economic category and as a valuation index Interpretation of the concept of cost as an economic category is given. A proposal to increase the number of methods included in the cost approach has been made. The new method of the cost approach, the method of discounting the estimated cost with the help of which market cost of real estate can be estimated has been offered. The main conclusions and proposals are formulated.
Energy-efficient construction materials in capital repair of apartment buildings (on the example of Rostov-on-Don)
Authors: Sheina Svetlana , Vinogradova Elena , Chernyavsky Ilya
Published: December 2023

This paper assesses the need to improve the energy efficiency of multi-apartment residential buildings in Rostov-on-Don, built in the period of industrial house building for the use of energy-efficient building materials. The paper analyses the existing housing stock, identifies the series of apartment buildings, determines the dynamics of construction by year, and the structural schemes of each series. Also, the heat transfer resistance of the building envelopes of all building series was calculated and high-performance insulation materials were selected according to the green materials assessment criteria.
Monitoring the deformation parameters of reinforced soil masses
Authors: Lomov Peter , Lanis Alexei , Grebennikov Ivan
Published: December 2023

Ensuring that the strength and deformation parameters of a geotechnical massif are determined reliably is an important task when accepting and assessing the quality of ground reinforcement work carried out. The paper considers the existing approach to controlling deformation characteristics of reinforced ground massifs. A brief analysis of the existing method of assigning and checking the deformation characteristics of reinforced soil by means of reinforcement has been made; problems and drawbacks have been determined. The paper presents the results of a study aimed at improving the approach to control the deformation characteristics of reinforced ground massifs. A numerical model of the reinforced ground massif is offered for the prognosis of the geotechnical massif deformation changes. Method of processing the results of field tests of massifs reinforced with vertical elements when determining their deformation parameters is proposed.
Quality management integration in the functionality of product lifecycle management in energy-effective production
Authors: Gurov Viktor , Deniskina Antonina , Pocebneva Irina , Politi Violetta
Published: December 2023

In the current realities, there are practices where companies use various tools and systems to plan and manage the quality of products and processes. Many of these tools and systems are disconnected from data/product information management systems to varying degrees, depending on the level of workflow automation. The disadvantage of disparate quality management tools is that repetitive issues that occur across multiple systems can make it difficult to investigate root causes by isolating related data items without being able to understand the relationships between them. The conventional method also provides energy loss in production due to extra power consumption. Redundant work to identify and fix quality issues can be done across multiple tools without an automated way to communicate what you've learned to other teams. This leads to inconsistent and incomplete solutions to problems that hinder rather than improve product and process quality. Thanks to the recent development of new technologies, many IT tools have become available on the market, among them product lifecycle management (PLM) systems, which are very popular among companies that allow them to create and support complex industrial products, including aeronautical equipment. The article provides an end-to-end solution on a platform like this, which aims to link quality to product design, sustainable development in the field of energy-effective production. This approach provides multidisciplinary teams and the broader supply chain with powerful closed-loop capabilities to identify and manage risks, improve quality, meet customer requirements, and ensure compliance with environmental health, safety, and information management requirements.
NMR study of the electrolyte diffusion in bituminous coal
Authors: Altshuler Heinrich , Malyshenko Natalya , Lyrshchikov Sergey , Altshuler Olga
Published: December 2023

The transfer of the electrolyte molecules (H2SO4 or H3PO4) into bituminous coal was studied by the method of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The kinetic dependences of the electrolytes transfer into a coal membrane from an aqueous solution have been obtained. It was shown that the transfer of H2SO4 molecules into a coal thin layer is determined by the solid phase diffusion. The process was investigated in the framework of a mathematical model of diffusion in layered media. When the flow of electrolyte is directed perpendicular to the surface of the layer the diffusion coefficient of sulfuric acid in the coal equals 1∙10-13 m2/s. The diffusion coefficient of H2SO4 in the bituminous coal is four order of less than the self-diffusion coefficient of proton in aqueous solution. The diffusion process of the electrolyte delivery may be the rate-limiting stage preceding chemical transformations with the H2SO4 participation in bituminous coal.
Thermal stability of equiatomic FePt nanoclusters of different habitus with ordered and disordered structure
Authors: Sadykova Liliia , Yakubik Denis , Zakharov Yuri
Published: December 2023

In this work, the thermal stability of FePt nanoclusters of different habitus is considered using the molecular dynamics method with the multiparticle interaction potential MEAM-2NN. Three variants of determining the temperatures of structural disorder/melting of these nanoclusters are presented: by the normalised per atom total energy of clusters from temperature, with approximation of curves by linear sections, the intersection points of which were used to determine the disorder temperatures; the second by the mean-square displacement of atoms; the third by visualisation of cross sections of atomic planes perpendicular to the face <100>. It is shown that the melting of the cluster occurs layer by layer from the surface to the volume. The temperatures of structural disorder of nanoclusters determined by different methods are in good agreement with each other.
Hygienic aspects of the possibility of using the new insecticide seller in agriculture
Authors: Jumaeva Aziza
Published: December 2023

According to the results of toxicological studies, it was found that the Seller preparation of 20% k.s. Belongs to hazard class III (sanpin ruz No. 0321-15). The insecticide has an irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes and skin. The drug has functional cumulation. The permissible daily dose at the level of 0.72 mg (people) per day is scientifically substantiated. Seller 20% K.s. Does not have carcinogenic, mutagenic and embryotoxic effects. Based on the complex of studies, hygienic standards of the preparation were developed and recommended: maximum concentration limit in water of reservoirs at the level of 0.04 mg / l (limiting hazard indicator is organoleptic); MPC in the air of the working area - 0.24 mg / m3; MPC in atmospheric air - 0.002 mg / m3; MDU in wheat - 0.18 mg / kg; UEC in the soil - 0.2 mg / kg sanitary protection zone (C33) - 200 meters, time for going to work after 7 days. Thus, on the basis of the above, the insecticide Seller 20% k.s. Can be recommended for use in agricultural practice, subject to the mandatory use of personal protective equipment for eyes, skin, respiratory organs and compliance with the rules for the use of the drug, recommended consumption rates and safety measures when working with pesticide.The purpose of this study was to identify the danger of an insecticide. Seller is 20% ks for humans and to develop, taking into account the specific features of agriculture in Central Asia, regulations that guarantee its safety in the environment and for consumers of agricultural products in hot climates.
Ecological aspects of the model of transformation of the eating behavior of students in Kazakhstan
Authors: Bayakhmetova Aliya , Bayakhmetova Lyazzat , Bayakhmetova Leyla , Daniyar Medet , Shchepkina Natalia
Published: December 2023

The UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement are pushing the current generation to rethink and transform their behaviors. The importance of the research subject is due to the need for universities to implement the third mission and implement the University 4.0 model in response to emerging challenges of promoting sustainable development of society. The main purpose of the study is to assess the impact of students' dietary choices on students' academic achievements, taking into account environmental aspects. In the course of the study, a methodology based on a qualitative approach was used, including the development of questionnaires and the use of Chi-square statistics. The results obtained indicate that there is no relationship between students' academic performance and factors of rational nutrition. The analysis of the responses made it possible to conclude that there is an urgent need for universities to rethink the strategy and mechanisms for the implementation of the mission. It is necessary to give priority attention to the implementation of policies aimed at the formation of mechanisms for the transformation of students' eating behavior in order to achieve sustainable academic growth, taking into account environmental aspects.
Genetic study of the metabolic syndrome in the Moroccan population: A scoping review
Authors: Najeh Hamid , Rherissi Bouchra , Ezzikouri Sayeh , Belmouden Ahmed , Chadli Smail
Published: December 2023

Complications of metabolic syndrome include cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus for different ethnic populations, which represent a growing public health burden. The identification of genetic factors contributing to the metabolic syndrome is of great interest for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Morocco. This scoping review summarizes the available data on genetic variants associated with metabolic syndrome in the Moroccan population. Electronic searches of PubMed and EMBASE databases were conducted to identify all studies published from January 2000 to 2022, on genetic susceptibility to metabolic syndrome in the Moroccan population. The studies included in this review met the pre-specified inclusion criteria. Studies included in this review matched the requirements for inclusion. Five research targeted genetic variations as their main subject. Data were narratively summarized since the studies were high degree of heterogeneity. There was a total of thirteen polymorphisms in the eight metabolic syndrome susceptibility genes that had different effects and were linked to characteristics in the Moroccan population. There is a clear need to improve our understanding of the genetic causes of the metabolic syndrome. This is the first review to comprehensively and rigorously summarizes the available data on the genetic determinants of the metabolic syndrome, a major contributor to the cardiovascular diseases burden of the Moroccan population.
Analysis of the prospects for the gas industry to meet Russia’s needs for primary energy resources and assessment of the possibilities for exporting Russian gas
Authors: Senderov Sergey , Rabchuk Viktor
Published: December 2023

The capabilities of the Russian gas industry in meeting the country’s internal needs with primary fuel and energy resources are predicted. These opportunities take into account the potential of the oil and coal industries, as well as all other sources (hydroelectric power plants, nuclear power plants, solar energy, wind energy, firewood, etc.) in the period until 2035, taking into account the effects of existing negative factors. After fulfilling the condition of fully meeting the country’s internal gas needs, the prospects for Russian gas exports are assessed. These prospects are assessed both taking into account the implementation of foreign policy and foreign economic factors (sanctions restrictions and their consequences), and taking into account the possible volumes of Russian natural gas production.
Problems of searching for critically important combinations of gas industry objects from the position of ensuring energy security
Authors: Vorobev Sergey , Edelev Alexey
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of finding critical combinations of gas industry objects from the standpoint of ensuring energy security. A critically important object is the partial or complete failure of which can cause significant damage to the country from the fuel and energy complex as a whole or within a separate energy system. Gas transportation networks in Russia and Europe are very extensive, branched, and have many intersections and backup gas pipelines. Therefore, cases of simultaneous failure of several system objects are possible. The article presents the results of calculations in which the authors identify the most significant combinations of gas transportation network objects from the point of view of providing consumers with gas. The significance and influence of these combinations on the performance of the Russian gas industry is shown. Conclusions are drawn about the feasibility of searching for critical combinations of gas industry objects.
Information content the task of balance reliability in managing the development of electric power systems
Authors: Chukreyev Mikhail
Published: December 2023

The issues of influence initial information on the obtained indicators of balance reliability are considered. The analysis new methodological instructions (MI) developed and approved by Russian Ministry of Energy from the position of possibilities information filling the task of assessing the indicators of balance reliability is given.
Synthesis of control and observation laws power system based on generalized formula Ackermann for MIMO systems
Authors: Galiaskarov Irek , Misrikhanov Misrikhan , Ryabchenko Vladimir , Tregubov Eugene , Shuntov Andrey
Published: December 2023

For an electric power system (EPS), as a dynamic system with many inputs and many outputs (Multi Inputs Multi Outputs System − MIMO), compact analytical formulas are obtained for calculating the coefficients of the controller matrix and the observer matrix of the state of the solution of the synthesis problem, providing a given placement of eigenvalues along full state vector. These formulas are generalizations to MIMO systems of the well-known Ackermann formula used to design the control of systems with one input and many outputs (Single Input Multi Outputs System − SIMO). The approach is based on the transformations used in the original multi-step (multilevel) decomposition method, as well as a nondegenerate similarity transformation in the form of the Kalman controllability matrix. The obtained formulas are applicable to dynamic systems, for which the dimension of the state space is a multiple of the dimension of the inputs (controls). This limitation is removed by using the Yokoyama transform. These formulas differ in terms of parameterization of the set of equivalent laws. An example of the synthesis of a control law for a synchronous generator in a complex EPS is considered in order to preserve the existing modes of electromechanical oscillations and meet additional requirements (roughness with respect to disturbances and/or increased sensitivity to changes in controlled parameters in a given region or frequency band).
Polyhedron circuit topology switchgear as a novel complex solution
Authors: Grinev Nikolai
Published: December 2023

The paper offers and analyzes a new complex solution – open switchgear with polyhedron circuit topology, with novel circuit and arrangement approaches including new electrical equipment. Decreasing numbers of disconnectors, better structural characteristics, elimination of vulnerabilities such as sections and busbar systems are the key characteristics of this solution. Due to a new circuit topology and equipment components, the open switchgear on the whole becomes more reliable, flexible, and less costly. Examples of arrangement solutions are given. We study the data on the 220 kB switchgear component outages in one of the largest regions of Russia in the period from 2018 to 2020. The use of SF6 circuit-breakers decreases the frequency of occurrence and time of the switchgear component outages in power grids. However, it is reasonable to use transfer-busbar circuits or double-breaker circuits.
Multi-agent optimization in solving the problem of optimal power system control and reliability assessment
Authors: Domyshev Alexander
Published: December 2023

The paper proposes a method for distributed optimal control of EPS with the presence of stochastic elements. The proposed technique is based on distributed optimization methods. The forecast of electric mode parameters is used as input data for optimization. The forecast horizon is divided into separate time steps at equal intervals. Distributed optimization methods are extended to the dynamic optimization problem, when not just independent states for each moment of time, but the process of their change in time is considered.
Thermodynamic analysis of the processes of interaction and formation of nitrogen and sulfur compounds during the combustion of Kansk-Achinsk coals
Authors: Elsukov Vladimir , Latushkina Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The paper identifies and examines the mechanisms of the interaction of nitrogen and sulfur compounds during the combustion of Kansk-Achinsk coals (KAC). The researches were carried out on the basis of the model of extreme intermediate states (MEIS) developed at The L.A. Melentiev Institute of Energy Systems and presented in a number of publications. The KAC of various deposits characterized by different content of sulfur and mineral components are considered. On the basis of computational experiments, the influence of alkaline elements of the mineral part (Ca, Na, K) on the formation of NO and SO2 was determined. The temperature interval of the transition of condensed calcium sulfate to sulfur dioxide during the combustion of KAC of various (including new) deposits has been clarified. Based on the modeling of thermodynamic states, the results of industrial tests are considered, in which inversely proportional dependences of NO and SO2 on the resulting calcium sulfate have been recorded. These dependences can be explained by multidirectional energy flows during the formation of CaSO4/c and NOx.
Development of simulation model of smart phase selector device
Authors: Khojiakbar E. , Kholiddinov I.Kh. , Eraliev A. , Tukhtasinov S. , Komolddinov S.
Published: December 2023

In the quest for efficient and reliable power distribution systems, voltage asymmetry has emerged as a significant challenge. Voltage imbalances across different phases can lead to increased energy losses, compromised power quality, and reduced equipment lifespan. To address these issues, smart phase selector devices have gained attention as advanced electronic solutions for monitoring and managing voltage imbalances in low-voltage networks. This paper presents the development of a simulation model of a smart phase selector device using the Proteus software platform. Proteus offers a versatile environment for simulating electronic circuits and systems, making it an ideal choice for developing and evaluating the performance of the smart phase selector device. The primary objective of this research is to create a comprehensive simulation model that accurately represents the behavior and functionality of the smart phase selector device. Through a thorough literature review, the key principles and concepts underlying smart phase selector devices, voltage asymmetry, and related simulation techniques are explored. The developed simulation model incorporates the necessary circuit components, algorithms, and control mechanisms to faithfully simulate the operation of the smart phase selector device.
Research algorithm and dynamic characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic current transducers in filter-compensation devices
Authors: Makhsudov Mokhirbek , Karimjonov Dilyorbek
Published: December 2023

The article presents a three-phase current transducer for filter-compensation devices, representing the value of the stator current of an asynchronous motor. An algorithm for determining the values of the output electric quantities in them was developed based on the methods of interconnecting the loops of the sensitive element of the three-phase electromagnetic current transducer arranged in accordance with the stator slots of the asynchronous motor. In addition, based on this algorithm, the time-dependent dynamic characteristics of the output signal of the sensitive element loops are determined according to the connection method. Based on the dynamic description, it is possible to see the time for the output voltage signal of the three-phase current transducer to reach stability and the effect of high harmonic currents affecting it. Theoretical studies were carried out in Matlab program, and practical studies were carried out using CassyLab device. The theoretical and practical results determined because of research are compared with each other.
Soft start of induction electric motors using rezistor and denistor devices
Authors: Davletov Ikram , Khakimov Nemat , Qodirov Alibek , Akhmedov Munisbek , Sadullayev Jurabek , Khamraev Ogabek
Published: December 2023

In this article, it is experimentally shown that by equipping asynchronous electric motorswith a new rezistor and denistor soft starting device, it is possible to effectively limit the current. In addition, as a result of using rezistor and denistor soft starting device in practice, it was determined that electrical energy wastage is saved and mechanical breakdowns are prevented.
Photoelectric characteristics of Si-photocetitors
Authors: Gaibov Abdumalik , Eshkulov Abdugani , Juraev Utkur , Vakhobov Kutbidin
Published: December 2023

The work examines the influence of ultrasonic fields on the photoelectric and spectral characteristics of diffusion Si-n-p receivers of electromagnetic radiation. It has been established that ultrasonic irradiation increases the lifetime and diffusion length of carriers and, as a consequence, increases the efficiency of carrier collection at the electrical contacts of Si-n-p receivers. As a result of these processes, an increase in the short-circuit current is observed, which causes an increase in the open-circuit voltage of the Si-n-p structure operating in the photoconversion mode.
Development of dairy farming in Ensuring food security of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Rogovskaya Natalya , Ragulina Milana
Published: December 2023

Russian food security consists of the specifics of the development of its regional components. The “food security” concept includes the economic and physical availability of food and its guaranteed quality. Providing the population with high-quality, economically affordable, and sufficient food products is one of the priorities of the Russian state policy in national security matters. The research relevance of the dairy industry in the Irkutsk region is determined by its position as the leading branch of the food industry that forms the food security of the region. Among the processing branches of the agro-industrial complex, the dairy industry is second only to the bakery industry in terms of production volumes. The novelty of the work consists in the fact that (1) it is the first time that the districts of the Irkutsk region are grouped, according to the degree of development of dairy farming; (2) the analysis of the features of the development of the dairy industry of the Irkutsk region, in the context of food security of the region, is carried out; (3) the features of the functioning and territorial differentiation of the dairy herd and milk production are identified; (4) the trends of the dynamics of the dairy herd are considered. As a result, conclusions were drawn about the deep territorial differentiation of the dairy industry under the influence of existing natural, historical, and socio-economic factors.
Biology and seasonal population dynamics of the forest dung beetle Anoplotrupes stercorosus (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) in the Center of European Russia
Authors: Ruchin Alexander , Egorov Leonid
Published: December 2023

The biology and population dynamics of Anoplotrupes stercorosus was studied in forest ecosystems of central European Russia (2007-2023). During the study period, 6738 individuals were collected from 256 habitats. In open biotopes, Anoplotrupes stercorosus was caught only occasionally or no specimens were found at all. The species is most abundant in mixed forests with a pronounced shrub layer and grass cover, complex pine forests and deciduous forests. Seasonal population dynamics varies in different habitats. It can be with one, two or three population peaks. The possibility of using Anoplotrupes stercorosus as a bioindicator of forest ecosystem condition was studied. The abundance of the species was found to be very low on burned areas.
Assessment of the development of innovative and ecological potential of agriculture
Authors: Bratukhina Elena , Nagovitsyna Eleanor , Tusin Dmitry , Mottaeva Angela , Bidov Tembot
Published: December 2023

Nowadays serious problems of economic transformation are changing the direction of investment flows, so the issue of innovation is incredibly relevant. A number of volatile factors have affected the development of the global economy, and also made future economic prospects even more confusing. The purpose of this study is to explain how modern technologies in agriculture affect the socio-economic development of Russian regions. The methodology used in this work is to evaluate the world experience and practice of modern technologies used in agriculture. How the use of these types of technologies has made agriculture smarter and better. By using smart technology, a farmer can improve his crop and livestock production and save time. Due to the traditional way of farming, farmers are unable to produce more crops and are unable to find the right solution due to lack of information and other necessary things. But with the help of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, farmers can get all the information they need in just one click. The article shows the priority strategic directions for the development of the innovative potential of agriculture and what the state and investors should pay attention to.
Effect of organic cultivation technology on row crop yielding capacity
Authors: Zakharov Anton , Mishanov Alexey , Murzaev Evgeny
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to estimate the effect of organic technologies on yielding capacity of row crops in the North-West Russia and the after-effect of compost on the successor crop. Experiments took place in 2020-2022. The crop rotation included the zoned perennial grasses, potato, and table beet. Potatoes were fertilised with BIAGUM compost produced from poultry manure in a fermenter. In 2020-2021, the compost application doses were 0 (control), 4 and 8 t ha-1 (5.5 t ha-1 in 2022) or 0 (control), 80 and 160 kg N ha-1 (110 kg N ha-1 in 2022). The table beet was sown on the plots fertilised in the previous year under potatoes. The mechanical weed control of row spacing was performed twice in the growing season. Weather conditions were monitored by the own weather station near the experimental field. The year 2021 was the warmest and the driest in the study period. In 2022, the rainfall was satisfactory for crops – 238.20 mm. In control variants, the potato yields ranged from 12.78 to 20.25 t ha-1 that was 25.6-67.5% of the cultivated variety potential. Application of 4 t ha-1 of compost only slight affected the yield. But with higher compost application dose, a significant yield gain (greatest 56.88%) was observed, especially under favourable climatic conditions of 2020. The biggest beetroot average yield – from 22.5 to 27.7 t ha-1 – was also in 2020. In 2022, the average yield was from 21.5 to 24.3 t ha-1. By the study results, the applied organic technologies proved effective for producing potatoes and table beet in the North-West Russia.
Analysis of the effect magnet-pulse processing on the storage of tomato fruits
Authors: Knyazeva Inna , Vershinina Oksana , Khort Dmitry , Kutyrev Alexey
Published: December 2023

The conducted studies were aimed at assessing the impact of tomato storage methods, taking into account the extension of their shelf life and preservation of nutritional value, using the example of two varieties. The shelf life of all varieties has been increased by magnetic pulse processing (MPP) of the fruits when stored in the unpackaged variant. As a result of the studies carried out, it was found that the processing of tomatoes with MPP and storage conditions had a significant impact on the physiological weight loss of tomatoes. The parameters of magnetic pulse processing in the course of experimental studies were magnetic induction - 5 mT, frequency 32 Hz. An increase in shelf life and significant changes in quality were observed in all tomato samples stored in the MPP container, while deterioration in quality was increased in vacuum-packed tomatoes. The best storage combination was MPP in a polystyrene container, which kept the tomato fruits up to 30 days. The performed studies confirmed the possibility of effective use of a low-frequency pulsed magnetic field with the selected parameters to increase the shelf life and preserve the biochemical composition of tomatoes.
Using soybean starting material in breeding process
Authors: Butovets Ekaterina , Vasina Evgenia , Lukyanchuk Ludmila , Klykov Alexei
Published: December 2023

The paper evaluates new promising soybean varieties and their parental forms with high yield, seed quality, and resistance to diseases and the stress conditions of Primorsky kray for a number of traits. The soybean accessions were used in a breeding program for constructing genotypes. Based on the research results, we selected promising soybean varieties characterized by a high yield and a high content of protein and oil in seeds. The yield of varieties Primorskaya 1670 and Primorskaya 1672 exceeded the standard by more than 32.2%. Varieties Primorskaya 1551 and Primorskaya 1674 had a high oil content in seeds – 23.8% and 24.1%, respectively. Variety Primorskaya 1659 was characterized by a high content of protein (41.2%). The parental forms used in the breeding of the new varieties were evaluated for a number of economically important traits. The yield of the starting forms ranged from 0.149 to 0.405 kg/m2. It was determined that 69.5% of the soybean accessions belonged to the group with mid-season maturity. A high content of protein in seeds (> 40.0 %) was detected in varieties of various origin – Primorskaya 13, Hefeng 25, NIISKH 2, XN 4, Arisa, and Kioto; variety NIISKH had a high oil content (24.2%). Varieties NIISKH 6, D 402-HH51, Arisa, NIISKH 5, XN 8, and XN 4 demonstrated a high potential adaptability to stress conditions.
Chemical composition of the fruits of Cornus mas L. introduced in Uzbekistan
Authors: Matkarimova Gulnaz , Nurullayeva Nodira , Khaydarov Khislat
Published: December 2023

Cornelian cherry - Cornus mas L. is a shrub or small tree, a plant belonging to the Cornaceae family. Cornelian cherry contains glucose, fructose, organic acids, especially lactic acid, nitrogen and dyes, essential oils, C, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and P and other vitamins, mineral salts and active substances. It is widely used in medicine for the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Cornelian cherry is one of the promising vitamin-rich medicinal plants introduced in our country. Cornelian cherry is used in the food, pharmaceutical industry as an ornament, in traditional medicine and in the manufacture of household items. It is widely used in medicine for the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Therefore, it is important to research the chemical composition of these species. In the article, based on our research, the analysis of the quantitative calculation of carbohydrates and amino acids of the fruits of the “Elegant” and “Svetlyachok” cherry varieties was carried out. It was found that the amount of amino acids in the fruits of Cornus mas L., introduced in Uzbekistan, is higher in the variety “Svetlyachok” 2.643235 mg/g. In “Elegant” variety it was 1.794235 mg/g.
Comparative characterization of lectins of pathogenic and saprophytic filamentous fungi Fusarium solani
Authors: Valiullin Lenar , Mukhammadiev Rishat , Mukhammadiev Rinat , Budenkov Nikolay , Mukhammadieva Alina , Mukhamedyarov Marat , Bagaeva Tatiana
Published: December 2023

In the present study, we isolated, purified and characterized the lectin of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani 6 and compared it with the properties of the lectin of the saprophytic strain Fusarium solani 4. Electrophoretically homogeneous lectin was obtained from the mycelium of the fungus F. solani 6 by hydrophobic chromatography and gel filtration. The molecular weight of the native lectin molecule was established to be 30.0 kDa, and it was found that it consists of two identical subunits. Comparison of the physicochemical properties of the lectin of the phytopathogenic strain with the lectin of the saprophytic strain showed that the F. solani 6 lectin was a more thermostable and alkali-resistant protein. F. solani 6 lectin showed affinity for simple sugars, and F. solani 4 lectin - for glycoproteins. In contrast to the lectin of a saprophytic fungus, the treatment of pea seedling roots with F. solani lectin 6 before they were infected with the phytopathogen led to a decrease in the degree of damage to the plant root system and the prevalence of Fusarium. These results open up prospects for further study of the phytopathogen lectin and its potential application as a means of eliciting action.
On the question of compared indicators of physiological development in plants of the Solanum lycopersicum 'Vernost' F1 under stress factor
Authors: Semenova Natalia , Zakharov Dmitry , Stepanova Eugenia , Paskhin Mark , Kazantseva Dina , Kosolapov Vladimir , Gydkov Sergey , Akimova Svetlana , Glinushkin Alexey
Published: December 2023

On a typical Russian tomato hybrid, Solanum lycopersicum 'Vernost' F1, studies of stress factors were carried out, tracking physiological reactions to stress. Influence of Rhizopus nigricans culture was revealed on the transpiration of the studied tomato hybrid at different stress tiers, which consisted in increasing the transpiration parameters. The level of transpiration in the studied tomato plants on stress tiers is different and varied in diapason: from 1.5 *10-4 mol m-2 s-1± 1*10-5 mol m-2 s-1 (in standard) to 3.9 *10-4 mol m-2 s-1 ± 2*10-5 mol m-2 s-1(Load). Such studies are necessary for a fundamental understanding of the possibility of biological implementation of plant hybrids.