bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HLA AND CANCER
Authors: Golota Aleksandr S.
Published: November 2021

This review provides updated information on HLA class I and II antigens in cancer. The expression of HLA antigens in normal and tumor tissues, the physiological organization of the components of HLA antigen-processing machinery, the expression patterns of HLA antigens associated with the molecular and regulatory defects identified to date, as well as their functional and clinical significance, are described. This review summarizes clinical and experimental data on the complexity of immune escape mechanisms used by tumour cells to avoid T and natural killer cell responses. The variety of class I HLA phenotypes that can be produced by tumor cells during this process is presented. We also discuss here the potential capacity of metastatic lesions to recover MHC/HLA class I expression after immunotherapy, which depends on the reversible/ soft or irreversible/hard nature of the molecular mechanism responsible for the altered HLA class I phenotypes, and which determines the progression or regression of metastatic lesions in response to treatment. HLA сlass II genes play key roles in connecting innate and adaptive immunity in tumor rejection and when the escape route via HLA-I is already established. Antigens сlass II HLA expression in tumor cells and gives tumor cells the ability to present antigens, becoming less aggressive, and improves prognosis. Malignant tumors, as a genetic disease, are caused by structural alterations of the genome which can give rise to the expression of tumor-associated antigens in the form of either structurally altered molecules or of overexpressed normal molecules. Tumor associated antigens recognized by the immune system and induce a T-cell-mediated immune response. Outgrowing cancers use different strategies to evade destruction by the immune system. Immune evasion mechanisms affecting the expression and/or function of HLA-antigens are of special interest to tumor immunologists, since these molecules play a crucial role in the interaction of malignant cells with immune cells. This review describes the potential role of immunity control points in immunosuppression and therapeutic strategies for restoring the cytotoxicity of immune cells.
REMOTE REHABILITATION: ROLE AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Borisov Ilya V. , Bondar Valeria Alexandrovna , Kanarsky Mikhail M. , Nekrasova Yulia Y. , Reutova Natalya Vladimirovna , Borisova Natalya P. , Matafonova Svetlana N. , Yurasova Marina P. , Yevstifeyev Vitaliy V.
Published: November 2021

Medical rehabilitation is a complex, long-term and financially costly process of restoring the physiological functions of the body after injuries and the consequences of past diseases. The need for an individual approach to each life situation necessitates the search and development of new technologies in the method of providing rehabilitation assistance. One of the principles of a successful rehabilitation process is continuity, which, in most cases, is disrupted after the transfer of patients to the outpatient stage. The 21st century, in contrast to the previous one, is distinguished by more accessible technologies for everyday and individual use. A separate category of patients are patients with the consequences of brain damage, socialization and the return of the ability to self-serve for whom is one of the most difficult in rehabilitation practice. One of these technologies is distance rehabilitation, which provides the principle of continuity, social and informational support for relatives who provide care for patients on an outpatient basis.
Dışkı Bakısına Göre Kedi ve Köpeklerde Akciğer Kıl Kurtlarının Prevalansı
Authors: AŞILIOĞLU Barış , GÖKPINAR Sami
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kırıkkale ve Ankara illerinde bulunan kedi ve köpeklerden toplanan dışkı örneklerinin akciğer kılkurdu larvalarının varlığı yönünden araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla 100 adet kedi ve 100 adet köpek dışkısı ayrı dışkı kaplarına alınmış ve soğuk zincir kurallarına uyularak aynı gün içinde laboratuvara ulaştırılmıştır. Bu örnekler Baermann-Wetzel yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. İncelenen kedi dışkılarından 4 tanesinde (%4) Aelurostrongylus abstrusus birinci dönem larvalarına rastlanırken, köpeklerin hiçbirinde akciğer nematodu larvalarına rastlanmamıştır. Kedilerde A. abstrusus larvaları ≤1 yaş kedilerde, 1 yaşından büyük kedilere göre, erkeklerde dişilere, melez ırklarda saf ırklara ve antiparaziter tedavi alan kedilerde almayanlara göre daha yüksek oranda bulunmuştur. Ancak bu etkenin kedilerdeki varlığı yönünden ırk, yaş, cinsiyet ve tedavi durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’de kedilerde akciğer kılkurdu olarak baskın türün A. abstrusus olduğu, solunum sistemi belirtisi olan kedilerde bu etkenin enfeksiyon nedeni olarak göz önüne alınması gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır. Köpeklerde akciğer nematodlarının teşhisinde dışkı muayenesinin yanısıra salyalarında akciğer kıl kurdu larvaları yönünden incelemesinin kesin teşhis için daha yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Percepção de mães acerca da violência obstétrica
Authors: Silva Edjane Carneiro da , Soares Perla Figueredo Carreiro , Ferreira Josefa Danielma Lopes , Falcão Aline Freire , Leôncio Alane Barreto de Almeida , Braga Luanna Silva
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção das mães acerca da violência obstétrica. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Realizada em três Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) localizadas nos municípios de Pilar e Mari no estado da Paraíba, Brasil. A população do estudo foi constituída por todas as mães cadastradas nas USF's, porém, a amostra do estudo foi de 30 participantes. Na coleta de dados foram usados um questionário sócio demográfico e dados relacionados à violência obstétrica. Os resultados foram sintetizados no programa Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 20.0. Resultados: O estudo apontou práticas rotineiras prejudiciais: teve acompanhante 6,35%, manobra de kristeller 12, 23%, episiotomia 16,53%. Conclusão: A violência no campo da obstétrica precisa ser vencida a cada dia no Brasil e no mundo. Pesquisas como está, são importantes para ampliar o conhecimento e estimular boas práticas no parto.
Cr and Ni simultaneous phytotoxicity and mutagenicity assay
Authors: Fargašová Agáta , Lištiaková Jana
Published: November 2021

For genotoxicity study simultaneous phytotoxicity and mutagenicity assay with Vicia sativa L. var. Klára was used. For phytotoxicity the following rank orders of growth inhibition can be arranged: for roots: Ni(II) > Cr(VI) > Cr(III); for shoots: Ni(II) > Cr(VI) ≥ Cr (III). For mutagenicity assay root tips of V. sativa were used and chromosome aberrations were determined at least in 500-anatelophases. All tested metals exerted in V. sativa a significant increase of chromosomal aberration rate in applied concentrations. Maximum of aberrations invoked Cr(VI) and the rank order of aberrations fall was: Cr(VI) > Ni(II) > Cr(III). Genotoxic effects of metals were determined by analysis of micronuclei frequency in the pollen tetrads of Tradescantia plants. None of tested metal significantly stimulated micronuclei frequency and genotoxic effect was decreased in order: Cr(VI) ≥ Ni(II) > Cr(III).
Positive and negative aspects of suplhate-reducing bacteria in environment and industry
Authors: Luptakova Alena , Macingova Eva , Harbulakova Vlasta
Published: November 2021

The submitted work is oriented on the study of two aspects of the sulphate-reducing bacteria metabolism: the metals bioprecipitation and the concrete biodeterioration. The bioprecipitation of metals with the bacterially produced hydrogen sulphide by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) represents the positive effect of the SRB existence in the environment. It allows the industrial exploitation in the area of the removal metals from industrial wastewaters. Referred method involves principal stages such as: hydrogen sulphide bacterial production, metals precipitation by biologically produced hydrogen sulphide, metal sulphides separation, setting pH of the filtrate from previous steps by 1M NaOH and metal hydroxides separation. The basis of the first stage i.e. the hydrogen sulphide

bacterial production is the cultivation of SRB. In the laboratory conditions the sodium lactate is the energetic substrate for the growth of bacteria. Its price is not economic for the application in the practice and is needed investigate the alternative substitutes. Therefore was studied the cultivation of sulphate-reducing bacteria to using the selected energetic substrates such as: calcium lactate, glycerol and whey. Experimental studies confirm that all chosen substrates are suitable alternative substrates of sodium lactate for the bacterial sulphate-reduction. In the regard to the efficiency of bacterial sulphate reduction the calcium lactate is the best. The biodeterioration of the concrete presents the negative effect of the SRB existence in the environment. The research was oriented on the simulation of the biodeterioration of concrete samples under the simultaneous influence of the sulphur-oxidising bacteria genera Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and sulphatereducing bacteria genera Desulfovibrio in the environs of the waste water, the acid mine drainage, the nutrient medium and the distilled water. The observation of the surface structure changes of concrete samples confirms the highest biodeterioration influences in the case of the acid mine drainage application.
Linear and non-linear regression analysis for the biosorption kinetics of methylene blue
Authors: Vrtoch Ľuboš , Augustín Jozef
Published: November 2021

The nonviable biomass of Rhizopus sp. R-18, Penicillium candidum and Penicillium chrysogenum was studied for biosorption of methylene blue (MB). The sorption of MB was studied be performing batch kinetic experiments. Kinetic measurements showed that sorption of MB reached equilibrium in 4 hours. The batch sorption models, based on a pseudo-first, pseudo-second and pseudo-nth order were applied to predict the rate constant of sorption and the equilibrium capacity. The linear and nonlinear least-square methods were used to obtain the kinetic parameters. The best-fit model was identified using statistic analysis. The results showed that both linear and nonlinear form of pseudo- second order expression could be used to fit the experimental data but nonlinear method may be a better way to obtain the desired parameters. As well the pseudo n-th order kinetic model was successfully applied to the kinetic data. The order (n) of adsorption reaction was found for all employed biosorbents: for Rhizopus sp. R-18 it had value 3.1, P. candidum 3.0 and P. chrysogenum 3.8.
Determination and classification of pollutants in waste water
Authors: Kraic Filip , Királyová Zuzana , Mocák Ján
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with waste waters produced by industrial producers during recent three years. Its main purpose is to evaluate the data monitored from discharges of three leather plants where eight traditional variables (COD, BOD, insoluble matters, pH, and the concentrations of ammonia, total nitrogen, chromium and sulphides) were regularly analyzed and quantified. Chemometrical and statistical methods were approved as very useful tools for characterization and classification of various kinds of water samples considering the environmental and metrological aspects. For this purpose, multivariate (multidimensional) techniques of data analysis and correlation analysis were especially very useful. The mentioned techniques are used in this work to (1) reveal the concealed

interrelations of the monitored characteristics of waste waters, (2) compare the results of individual waste water producers and find the most important polluting source during a long time period, and (3) derive some generally valid conclusions regarding the observed results.
Research of the composition, structure and properties of deposited alloys of the titanium—aluminum system doped with chrome
Authors: Kovtunov A.I. , Bochkarev A.G.
Published: November 2021

The results of the study of the processes of argon-arc surfacing of alloys based on titanium aluminides doped with chromium are presented. The effect of surfacing modes on the chemical composition and structure of the deposited alloys has been established. The results of testing the hardness, wear resistance and heat resistance of chromium-alloyed alloys based on titanium aluminide are presented.
АНАЛИЗ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОНСОЛИДИРОВАННОГО БЮДЖЕТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Попова Л.В. , Баснукаев М.Ш.
Published: November 2021

В статье представлена структура формирования бюджета, государства, а также представлена динамика поступления налоговых платежей в консолидированный бюджет страны.
В статье также рассматривается понятие налоговый анализ, налоговое планирование и прогнозирование. В работе представлен детальный анализ формирования бюджета. Также следует отметить, что в статье анализируется тенденция в бюджетно-налоговой сфере Российской Федерации.
Tramadol injection as dosage form -Induced deterioration in reproductive performance of male rabbits
Authors: Abtisam SA  , Osama HA  , Nosiba EB  , Fayrouz AK
Published: November 2021

Injections are usually more expensive than tablets, but they may be required less often since they are more concentrated, whereas a person may need to take a tablet more regularly, thus consuming a large volume. when we administer a drug via oral rout ,its meant to be absorbed by stomach or intestinal mucosa ,but its so happens that, gastric acid, food ,other drugs and many other factor come into the play and retarded the drug absorption ,metabolized in intestinal mucosal cells even before it can reach to liver or target tissue(first-pass metabolism)thus decrease the effective amount reaching to circulation, Now, a drug given through injection reaches circulation at cent percent level and show prompt action which is earnestly required at the moment ,it also decrease the dose and systemic side effects . also the tablets formulation contain the excipient like filler ,diluents for the purpose of long -term stabilization ,bulking up tablet formulations making concentration of drug less in tablets and need more dose to give the therapeutic action. Tramadol is a potent analgesic effective in the treatment of mild to severe pains. However, the use of the drug can pose a threat to other organs and systems. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of tramadol injection as dosage form on reproductive parameters in male rabbits. Tenth rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups (each group five rabbits). The first group was used as a control. The second group was used to study the effect of tramadol (50 mg/kg body weight) for six weeks. Results obtained showed that tramadol significantly (P<0.05) decreased libido (by increasing the reaction time), ejaculate volume, sperm concentration ,total sperm output, sperm motility (%), total motile sperm per ejaculate (TMS), packed sperm volume (PSV), total functional sperm fraction (TFSF), normal and live sperm and semen initial fructose. While initial hydrogen ion concentration (pH) and dead and abnormal sperm were increased (P<0.05). Live body weight (LBW) and relative weights of testes (RTW) were significantly (P<0.05) decreased. Concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were significantly (P<0.05) increased in plasma of rabbits treated with tramadol compared with control. The study showed the harmful effects of tramadol on the reproductive performance on male rabbits.

Keywords: Tramadol Injection; Rabbits; Semen; Testosterone
A virtuális apokalipszis, avagy egy fiktív atomháború modellje
Authors: Bertalan Péter , Szabó Ferdinánd
Published: November 2021

A hidegháborúban világégéssel fenyegető konfliktus mögött a két szuperhatalom totális szembenállása állt, amelyet a fegyverkezési verseny erősített. E versenyt érzékeltető statisztikai adatok szemléltetik a veszély nagyságát. A fegyverkezési verseny élesedésének, kiszélesedésének bizonyítéka az atomkísérletek számának növekedése. A két szuperhatalom szembenállása Európában is kemény politikai lépésekben fejeződött ki. A két fél és az általuk vezetett katonai blokkok szembenállása a kettészakított Németország és Berlin kérdésében volt a legélesebb. 1961-ben a Szovjetunió a Kelet- és Nyugat-Berlint elválasztó fal egy éjszaka alatt történő felhúzásával megsértette Berlin négyhatalmi státuszát, de arra vigyázott, hogy egyetlen háztömböt sem vegyen el a nyugati területből. A nyugati hatalmak sem tettek katonai lépéseket Moszkvával szemben ügyelve a status quo megtartására. 1989. november 9. a német újraegyesítés folyamatában határkővé vált berlini fal, amely a világ addig legjobban őrzött államhatára volt, 28 év után leomlott, mint valamennyi fal a történelem évszázadai folyamán.
Az Arthur Millspaugh vezette második pénzügyi misszió szerepe az Egyesült Államok geopolitikájában
Authors: Vácz István Dávid
Published: November 2021

Az első világháborút követően az Egyesült Államok igyekezett befolyást kiépíteni az olajlelőhelyek fölött, azonban ezek gyakran az európai birodalmak befolyási zónáiban voltak. Törekvéseinek megvalósítására elsőkörben Perzsiában nyílt lehetősége a háborút követően. Az 1922-ben kiküldött, Arthur Millspaugh vezette pénzügyi szakértőgárda feladata az volt, hogy egyrészt támogassa az iráni modernizációt, másrészt segítse az amerikai tőke behatolását Iránba. Az USA-nak ekkor két fő geopolitikai érdeke volt, az egyik a széles jogkörökkel bíró Millspaugh vezette misszió fenntartása, valamint az Észak-Perzsa olajmezők megszerzése. Szándékaikat a britek komoly fenyegetésként érzékelték, és mindent megtettek munkájuk szabotálására. Millspaugh vezetésével az amerikaiaknak biztosítaniuk kellett támadott pozícióik fenntartását, továbbá előkészíteni a terepet befektetőik előtt, különösen az olajiparban. Dolgozatomban küldetésük jelentőségét, főbb jellemzőit szeretném bemutatni geopolitikai szempontból.
ANALYSIS OF ADVERTISING ROLLS CONVERSION ON THE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES MARKET
Authors:   Master student, Narxoz University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Mordacheva Anastasia Sergeevna , Uandykova Mafura Kusmanovna ,   Candidate of Economics Sciences, Professor, Narxoz University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2021

Conversion in advertising – the ratio of the number of ad impressions to the number of hits to the advertiser; Conversion in Internet marketing is the ratio of site visitors who performed the desired action (clicked on a link, voted, bought) to the total number of site visitors. As a result of the work of an advertising company, many indicators are recorded in an organization. The datasets collected in this way can be further processed by means of mathematical modeling and tools for working with big data. The result is unique predictive and classification models that are the physical representation of error correction. The current work presents econometric data analysis using the RStudio correlation and regression analysis tools. As a result, it is expected to obtain a model for assessing the results of advertising campaigns or their intermediate stages for the prompt adjustment of the product promotion policy. Data analysis collected during the period of advertising campaigns is an indepth study of advertising using web analytics and established metrics. Tools such as Google Adwords or Yandex.Direct provide a number of tools for analyzing the effectiveness of advertising for company products (in our case, these are educational services) on the Internet.
MATRIX METHOD OF FORMING A PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
Authors:   Candidate of Economics Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department – Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia, Slavyanov Andrey Stanislavovich
Published: November 2021

The paper analyzes the current methods of evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects, which mainly take into account the financial result. At the same time, the social effects of the project, which may take a negative value, are usually not taken into account. The paper proposes an approach based on the matrix method of project portfolio formation, which ensures the uniform and sustainable development of the economic system.
SELECTION OF LOCATIONS FOR GROUND BASED OPTICAL SURVEILLANCE DEVICES BASED ON THE FUZZY PROBABILITY MODEL
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, SaintPetersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Spesivtsev Alexander Vasilievich , Lisitskiy Vladimir Vladimirovich ,   Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaysky, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Logunov Sergey Vladimirovich ,   Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaysky, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Martynov Anton Mikhailovich ,   Postgraduate Student of Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaysky, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2021

When choosing the location of groundbased optical surveillance devices (NOSN), the problem arises of evaluating the suitability of a particular area of terrain or choosing the best of a number of considered ones, provided that the ability to perform professional tasks with specified characteristics is quantified. A method for solving this problem is proposed by constructing a fuzzyprobability model of a generalized (integral) indicator of the quality of NOS placements based on the knowledge and experience of experts. Such an indicator is determined by a systemically confirmed set of seven linguistic variables included in the factor space for constructing a fuzzy probability model in the form of a nonlinear polynomial expression. At the same time, the dependent variablethe ability to perform the task with the specified characteristicsindirectly determines the degree of the best placement of the NOS, taking into account its astroclimate. Practical recommendations on the choice and justification of the factor space are given, the main stages of constructing a fuzzy probability model are shown, and the degree of adequacy of calculations based on it to the actual ability to perform tasks with specified characteristics, evaluated by independent experts, for the locations of NOS in various geographical regions of the Russian Federation.
BALANCE MODEL OF INNOVATION PROCESS STABILIZATION
Authors:   Candidate of Economics Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department – Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia, Slavyanov Andrey Stanislavovich
Published: November 2021

The paper shows that due to the emerging investment imbalance between scientific and industrial organizations, the innovation process becomes unstable, the results of research and development cannot be integrated into the production cycle in a timely manner, which leads to their moral aging. On the basis of the input – output model, a balance sheet model of the innovation process is proposed, which allows supporting management decisions to eliminate emerging investment imbalances.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF MANAGING INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO METHODS
Authors:   Graduate Student, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Sergeev Alexey Viacheslavovich
Published: November 2021

The article discusses mathematical methods for managing a portfolio of securities. The classical approaches of G. Markowitz, J. Tobin, W. Sharp, P. Samuelson, F. Black, M. Scholes, R. Merton are considered. The features that complicate the practical application of classical methods are revealed. Alternative methods, such as the method of neural networks, the decision tree method, genetic algorithm, simulation modeling, methods of dynamic portfolio restructuring of investment portfolio management, are also considered. In all the considered methods, the features that characterize the positive and negative aspects of their practical application are highlighted. On the basis of the considered methods were proposed directions for finding a method that are best suited for managing an investment portfolio.
PREDICT UNIVERSITY RANKINGS USING TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Authors:   Graduate Student, Belgorod National Research University, Department of Applied Economics and Economic Security, Belgorod, Russian Federation, Zhang He
Published: November 2021

The methodology for analysis and forecasting of time series is applied to analyze the time series of integral indicators (Total Score) of the ARWU ranking for the University of Melbourne (Australia) and Vanderbilt University (USA). The choice of the ARWU ranking is due to the fact that it has the longest time series Total Score (18 time points), the choice of the University of Melbourne is associated with its clear positive trend, and the choice of Vanderbilt University is associated with its negative trend.
THE CONCEPT OF ECONOMIC STABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AND THE ROLE OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN ITS PROVISION
Authors:   Graduate Student of the Department of Economic Security and Risk Analysis, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, ZUBKOV V. O. ,   Leading Specialist of Moscow Exchange Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the concept of economic stability, as well as the role of risk management in its provision. A number of theses are proposed A for improving the risk management system, which will improve the efficiency of the enterprise.
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LABOR RESOURCES AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Volgograd Cooperative Institute (Branch) Russian University of Cooperation, Volgograd, Russia, MOROZOVA N. I. , SAFIN M. I. ,   Graduate Student, Kazan Cooperative Institute (branch) of the Russian University of Cooperation, Kazan, Russia
Published: November 2021

The article aims to study the labor resources and labor potential in the context of factors that ensure economic growth in an economy based on knowledge and high technologies.
RULES FOR GRANTING OF QARD AL-HASAN AS AN ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Legal Disciplines, Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny, Russia, SHOVKHALOV Sh. A.
Published: November 2021

In Russian practice, the granting of a loan is a frequent occurrence. However, the accrual of interest is contrary to Islamic law, which limits its use by Muslim entrepreneurs. Moreover, even in the absence of additional charges, there are many nuances associated with the topic under study. The purpose of this article is to identify specific rules for granting qard al-hasan to legal entities and individuals in the Russian legal field. The practical significance of this work lies in the possibility of applying theoretical developments in the activities of socially oriented financial organizations.
DETERMINING THE TYPE OF DIVIDEND POLICY OF SBERBANK PJSC
Authors:   Student of the Institute of Abbreviated Programs, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, STUKOV V. V.
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the dividend policy of Sberbank from 2011 to 2021 and determines the type of the company's dividend policy.
MARKETING AS A DRIVER OF COMPETITION DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Vladimir State University named after Alexander Grigoryevich and Nikolai Grigoryevich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia, DMITRIEV Yu. A. , MAMEDOV S. N. ,   Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Vladimir State University named after Alexander Grigoryevich and Nikolai Grigoryevich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia, VILKOV A. S. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Management and Marketing, Vladimir State University named after Alexander Grigoryevich and Nikolai Grigoryevich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia
Published: November 2021

The article examines marketing and its role in the development of the regional economy, the use of marketing tools for an accelerated exit from the crisis.
Impact of Macro-Economic Variable on Pakistan Stock Exchange KSE-100 Index
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Faisal , Hashim Bin Jusoh  , Sajjad Khan  , Fahad Ali Khan  , Muhammad Naseem  , Imran Ali Khan
Published: November 2021

The researcher investigates the Impact of inflation, exchange rate and interest rate on Pakistan stock Exchange performance KSE-100 index by using monthly time series data which covers the period of 2013 to 2020. The econometrics techniques which are employed includes ADF test, Ordinary Least squares regression Model, testing for Multi-collinearity, Residual analysis serial correlation, testing for co-integration, Error correction model (ECM), variance decomposition (VAR) and Pair wise granger causality test. The results indicate that there is positive impact of exchange rate on PSX 100 index and the impact of inflation and interest rate is fond negative but inflation have insignificant relationship with PSX 100 index and the other two relationships are found significant. From the ECM result it is found that in short run 20% of the variation in dependent variable is due to inflation, exchange rate and interest rate and 80% variation is unexplained in short run. Form the results of VAR test it is concluded that exchange rate 1.67, inflation 14.25%, and interest rate 3.90% variation cause in PSX 100 index performance due to these three independent variables.
An Analysis on the Consumer Legal Protection in Umrah Package Travel Industry During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ghapa Norhasliza binti , Farhanin binti Abdullah Asuhaimi  , Noraida binti Harun  , Zuhairah Ariff Abd  Ghadas
Published: November 2021

Umrah package travel has been recognized as one of the main contributors to the Malaysian tourism industry. Muslims in Malaysia travel by package to Mecca and Medina for their specific purpose: to perform religious duty (Umrah) to fulfill the unity of spirit, heart and soul. Recently, thousands of Umrah packages were cancelled by the local tour operators and travel agents due to the decision made by the government of Saudi Arabia who banned the entry to Mecca and Medina due to the fast spread of Covid-19. Consequently, tour operators and travel agents respond differently to this extraordinary circumstance which leads to tremendous loss to the consumers. Thus, this paper aims to investigate how the Malaysian legal system safeguards the rights and interests of Umrah package travelers in Malaysia in the event of extraordinary circumstance by analyzing the existing academic literature and relevant statutes including Consumer Protection Act 1999, Tourism Industry Act 1992 and MATTA Code of Ethics for Members. The results of the above analysis will define the adequacy of the existing legal framework and the mechanism that we still need to protect the welfare of Umrah package travelers.
THE CULTURAL COMPONENT OF EDUCATION IN THE SPO SYSTEM
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Dzyuba D. R.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the problem of the cultural component of education in the system of secondary vocational education. The author emphasizes that the cultural orientation of education will contribute to the formation of a” person of culture”, capable and ready to exist in a society based on humanistic democratic values, communication and cooperation with people of different nationalities, faiths, cultures.
HUMANITARIAN ACQUISITIONS AND HUMANITARIAN LOSSES OF MODERN EDUCATION
Authors:   Rubtsovsky Industrial Institute (branch) of the Altai State Technical University named after I. I. Polzunov, Krasilnikova M.B.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents an analysis of the problems of humanitarian knowledge in modern socio-cultural context. The objectives of humanitarian reflection and the complexity of implementing these objectives within the educational system determined by socio-cultural context and the contemporary rational paradigm are considered. Educational strategies and technologies capable of giving an adequate response to the challenges of humanitarian losses in modern education are analyzed.
PRINCIPLES OF THINKING AND THEIR ROLE IN PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC PERSONNEL
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Kulikov S. B.
Published: November 2021

The article reveals the interrelationships between the philosophical interpretation of the principles of thinking and their role in the processes of training highly qualified personnel. Highly qualified personnel who are trained at the third level of higher education (postgraduate, adjunct) directly depend on the level of development of thinking. At the same time, the assessment of the development of thinking is conditioned by a clear and distinct idea of the foundations of the development of thinking in general. The author defends the point of view that the leading role in identifying the principles of thinking on which the training of highly qualified specialists is based is played by the addition in pedagogical science of formal logic and the standards of thinking set by it by non-logical ways of performing acts of thought.
THE PROBLEM OF FORMING SAFE BEHAVIOR OF COLLEGE STUDENTS: FOR THE QUESTION
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Andreeva E. V.
Published: November 2021

Human security be comes a full-fledged part of his life from the moment of comprehending the fact that the person himself becomes a participant who ensures his own safety and the safety of others. The ability of an individual to act in the security sector on his own behalf, as well as on behalf of others, is a critical feature of new approaches to life security in the 21st century. The formation of safe behavior of college students is one of the key tasks of the modern educational system.
FRACTAL PEDAGOGY: THEORETICAL ASPECTS AND ESSENTIAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Skopa V. A. , Polkovnikova A. A. ,   Povalikhinskaya Secondary School
Published: November 2021

The article examines the theoretical aspects and essential understanding of fractal pedagogy as a fundamentally new integrative field of knowledge. The genesis of the concept of “fractal pedagogy” and the views of researchers on the use of fractal systems are considered. It has been determined that the fractal approach is successfully and fruitfully applied in various branches of science. The conceptualization of the ideas of fractal pedagogy contributes to the integration into one logical-semantic space of many structures that have as their goals the development of characteristics and personal qualities in the subjects of the educational process. On the basis of the studies studied, an analysis of the principles that reflect the laws of fractal pedagogy as an integral category is given.
WAYS TO INCREASE MOTIVATION IN THE CLASSROOM ON THE SUBJECT «FOREIGN LANGUAGE» IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING (FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF USING DISCORD, GOOGLE JAMBOARD, COGGLE MINDMAP, GOOGLE MINDMUP SERVICES)
Authors:   Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G. I. Nosov Multidisciplinary College, Shaposhnikova I. A.
Published: November 2021

The focus of the article is creating comfortable, motivating conditions for students in the process of distance learning in the classroom on the subject “Foreign language”. The author of the article gives a brief description of the services Discord, Google Jamboard, Coogle Mindmap, Mind Mup and demonstrates examples of their practical use.
THE PRESTIGE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE POST-TEEN WORLD: TREND ANALYSIS
Authors:   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Pankratova L. E.
Published: November 2021

The problem of the prestige of higher education in the situation after the coronavirus pandemic is considered. The socio-economic, socio-political, socio-cultural and socio-psychological factors affecting the social attractiveness and significance of higher education are analyzed. The data of various sociological studies devoted to the problems of higher education in modern Russia are summarized. The conclusion is made about the decline in the prestige of higher education for the modern young generation.
GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF HUMANKIND: DIVERSITY TO UNITY
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafyev, Popkova N. A.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of global problems of humanity from the standpoint of a systematic approach. It is shown that the application of a systematic approach allows us to consider all the global problems identified today as components of a single global problem-the threat of the death of human civilization. In other words, each of the global problems is a special case of the manifestation of the threat of the disappearance of humanity as such. At the same time, each of these particular cases can be considered from the point of view of human participation in its appearance and resolution.
DIALOGIC ETHICS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Authors:   Armavir State Pedagogical University, Pokhilko A. D.
Published: November 2021

The pedagogical aspect of dialogical ethics is considered. The author aims to characterize such a cultural phenomenon as dialogical ethics in the aspect of the formation of personal autonomy and self-development of the creative individual. With all the variety of possible definitions, dialogic ethics is interpreted as a revival at the conscious scientific level of Socrates’ maieutics; it teaches a person to pose questions and answer them, think critically, take individual responsibility for their own authenticity. Moral dialogue is interpreted as self-disclosure of personal autonomy in deep communication with people, as a process in which new meanings are generated and stable moral values are gradually crystallized and stable value orientations are formed in young people Dialogue ethics emphasizes the moments of creativity in ethics and in pedagogy. This means gaining the ability of a person to self-development.
UNIVERSAL PEDAGOGICAL VALUES AND THE PROBLEM OF THEIR RECOGNITION (BASED ON THE WORK OF K. S. LEWIS “ MAN IS CANCELED...”)
Authors:   Altai State Agricultural University, Artamonova T.A.
Published: November 2021

The question of the existence of universal pedagogical values is a cornerstone in pedagogy. The English writer and philosopher C. S. Lewis in his work “Man is canceled...” gives his own version of the justification of these values. He designates them through the concepts of“tao”and opposes the attitudes of transhumanism. Lewis believes that the basic values of education exist independently of modern pedagogical attitudes – they are universal and eternal. These values are a manifestation of the highest moral principles and are the absolute measure of modern pedagogical theories. Christiananthropological pathos K. S. Lewis ‘ idea is to reject transhumanism and to defend traditional values in pedagogy. The appeal to universal pedagogical values enshrined in the traditions of various cultures will allow overcoming the consequences of crisis phenomena in the spiritual and moral sphere of modern society, according to the author of the article.
ДИТИНА РАННЬОГО ВІКУ В ОСОБИСТІСНИХ ПОТЕНЦІЯХ
Authors: Bekh Ivan
Published: November 2021

У доповіді розкрито стадіальний рух дитини у набутті соціально-психологічних характеристик, що забезпечують її активну причетність до світу людей та світу речей. Виокремлено вік немовляти з його центральним утворенням – розвитком соціальної прихильності. Другому року життя дитини властива ключова характеристика обмеженого розвитку індивідуальної незалежності й самостійності. Для третього року життя, як етапу закінчення раннього дитинства, характерним є виникнення «Я», що спричиняє усвідомлення себе у соціальному просторі. На основі розкритих стадіальних утворень розгортається весь процес психічного розвитку дитини.
STRAIGHT TO THE NORTH: ARCTIC EXPLORATION IN ARTISTS’ WORKS.
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Earth Science Museum), Maksimov Yu.I. , Mambetova A.B. ,   Centre for Additional Education in Dobroe village, Krivichev A.I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Faculty of Economics)
Published: November 2021

The article provides an overview on the history of the Kola Arctic region and the Arctic artistic exploration based on the “Straight to the North” temporary exhibition in Murmansk Regional Art Museum, 2019. Pieces of icon painting, decorative and applied arts, books, household items, painting and graphic arts and collection of the Kola Peninsula minerals were exhibited there. Some art works are described in details: paintings of Russian artists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and Soviet artists, including painters from Murmansk and members of “The Arctic” creative team in 1978–1985. The authors analysed, how social and economic development of the Kola Arctic region influenced new art styles and directions: from plein air painting under the Extreme North conditions to industrial landscapes and creation of an art community. The authors dedicate the article to the memory of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, the leader of “The Arctic” creative team Arvi Ivanovich Huttunen (31.08.1922–27.08.2020).
Financial solvency of the regions of the Russian Arctic.
Authors:   FRC “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Dyadik N. V. , Chapargina A. N. ,   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the FRC “Kola Science Centre of RAS”, Apatity, Russia
Published: November 2021

The monograph is devoted to assessing the financial solvency of the regions of the Russian Arctic by means of correlation analysis aimed at studying the forms of communication between indicators that allow us to identify general and specific features of the financial development of regions. The work selected and analyzed statistical indicators that characterize directly or indirectly the financial solvency of the regions, calculated the correlations of these indicators, taking into account their dynamics over the past fifteen years. A matrix of correlation pairs was created, the most significant of them for assessing the financial solvency of the region were identified. Comparative analysis of paired correlation coefficients for the Arctic regions made it possible to assess the relationship between certain areas of their regional development. A comprehensive analysis of the financial solvency of the Arctic territories is presented, and based on the results obtained, trajectories of regional financial development are developed, considering background conditions. The results of the monograph are intended for a wide range of specialists in the field of regional finance and may be of interest to everyone who is interested in the problems of financial development, as well as to regional and federal authorities for forecasting and strategic planning of the development of the Arctic regions in conditions of limited financial resources.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Seni Batik Madura dalam Pembelajaran Geometri
Authors: Sari Tri Ardilia Maya , Sholehatun Alkaromah Nur , Rahma Syifa Aulia , Prasetyo Rizky Budi
Published: November 2021

Batik is an extraordinary work of art that must be preserved, it can be through formal or non-formal education. So far, cultural products are not always recognized for their usefulness in the scope of formal education. This study aims to map mathematical concepts on Madura batik that can be integrated in mathematics learning. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with an ethnographic approach by conducting observations and interviews, then a literature study is carried out related to the geometry. The instrument in this study is a human instrument, the researcher is directly related to the research and acts as a data collector. The data were analyzed by making codes which were then reduced based on the concepts and learning materials of geometry. The results of this study in the form of mathematical concepts contained in the Madura Batik motif are: straight line, curved line, parallel line, symmetry, point, angle, triangle, circle, rhombus and similarity concept. Some Madura batik motifs can be used as a medium to introduce mathematical concepts such as concepts in geometry so that it is expected to make it easier to understand abstract mathematical concepts.
Single Subject Research: Alternatif Penelitian Pendidikan Matematika di Masa New Normal
Authors: Widodo Sri Adi , Kustantini K , Kuncoro Krida Singgih , Alghadari Fiki
Published: November 2021

Setelah mengkonfirmasi kasus positif pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020, pembelajaran dalam jaringan dan pembelajran jarak jauh merupakan salah satu alternatif pembelajaran yang dilakukan di Indonesia. Terlepas dari kekurangan dan kelebihannya, pembelajaran ini merupakan salah satu alternatif agar pembelajaran tetap berlangsung selama masa pandemik COVID-19. Berkaitan dengan kondisi ini, penelitian di bidang pendidikan juga harus beradaptasi dengan beberapa fenomena baru seperti pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas, sehingga peneliti perlu memikirkan desain penelitian yang relevan dengan kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Single subject research atau sering disebut dengan Single Case Experiment Design merupakan salah satu alternatif metode penelitian yang dapat dilakukan selama pandemi COVID-19, dimana salah satu karakteristik penelitian ini adalah fokus pada satu subyek, sehingga tidak perlu menggunakan subyek yang rekatif besar untuk melakaukan eksperimen.
Lumbar Microdiscectomy. Retrospective Analysis of the Results of Treatment of 54 Patients
Authors: Uleshchenko D.V. , Stashkevych A.T. , Bublyk L.O. , Shevchuk A.V.
Published: November 2021

Summary. Although the microdiscectomy techniques for surgical treatment of a herniated disk are improved, the share of poor outcomes after the lumbar pain syndrome treatment remains high. Objective: to improve the outcomes of patients with lumbar spine osteochondrosis complicated with a herniated disk. Materials and Methods. The retrospective analysis of 54 patients with a lumbar herniated disk, who underwent surgical treatment from 2019 till 2020 at the Spine Surgery Department of the SI “Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of NAMS of Ukraine”. The age of patients varied from 23 to 78 years (mean age – 41.1±11.7 years). Results. We assessed the outcomes using VAS, Oswestry, and Nurick scales on the first day after the surgery, one month, and six months after it. VAS of the lower back pain syndrome declined on average from 5.9±1.59 to 3.4±1.55 on the first day after the surgery, to 1.7±1.1 in a month, and to 2.5±2.1 six months after the surgical treatment. The surgery eliminates radiculopathy and reduces radicular pain according to VAS on average from 8.5±1.17 to 1.3±1.04 on the first day after the surgery, to 1.5±1.0 in a month, and to 1.4±1.6 six months after it. The quality of life according to ODI improved on average from 74.4±5.12 before the surgery to 29.7±9.6 in a month and to 9.6±9.2 six months postoperatively. As of the discharge, 55.6% of patients demonstrated their nervous system's function recovered to the stage I and 38.9% – to the stage II. The long-term follow-up has shown positive dynamics in all the patients: the complete regress of neurologic symptoms in 74.4% and improved conditions – in 25.6% of patients. Conclusions. Surgical treatment of a herniated lumbar disk with the microdiscectomy method ensures the fulfillment of the fundamental nerve rootlet decompression by fenestrotomy, disctomy, or discectomy, and excision of the hernia, including sequestrated one. The positive dynamics of the pain syndrome scores, life quality, and neurological disorders is significant (р<0.05) and substantiates the efficiency of the treatment.