bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curvature-based Analysis of Network Connectivity in Private Backbone Infrastructures
Authors: Salamatian Loqman , Anderson Scott , Matthews Joshua , Barford Paul , Willinger Walter , Crovella Mark
Published: July 2022

The main premise of this work is that since large cloud providers can and do manipulate probe packets that traverse their privately owned and operated backbones, standard traceroute-based measurement techniques are no longer a reliable means for assessing network connectivity in large cloud provider infrastructures. In response to these developments, we present a new empirical approach for elucidating private connectivity in today's Internet. Our approach relies on using only "light-weight" (i.e., simple, easily-interpretable, and readily available) measurements, but requires applying a "heavy-weight" or advanced mathematical analysis. In particular, we describe a new method for assessing the characteristics of network path connectivity that is based on concepts from Riemannian geometry (i.e., Ricci curvature) and also relies on an array of carefully crafted visualizations (e.g., a novel manifold view of a network's delay space). We demonstrate our method by utilizing latency measurements from RIPE Atlas anchors and virtual machines running in data centers of three large cloud providers to (i) study different aspects of connectivity in their private backbones and (ii) show how our manifold-based view enables us to expose and visualize critical aspects of this connectivity over different geographic scales.
Dynamic Regret Minimization for Control of Non-stationary Linear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Luo Yuwei , Gupta Varun , Kolar Mladen
Published: July 2022

We consider the problem of controlling a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) system over a finite horizon T with fixed and known cost matrices Q,R, but unknown and non-stationary dynamics At, Bt. The sequence of dynamics matrices can be arbitrary, but with a total variation, VT, assumed to be o(T) and unknown to the controller. Under the assumption that a sequence of stabilizing, but potentially sub-optimal controllers is available for all t, we present an algorithm that achieves the optimal dynamic regret of Õ(VT2/5 T3/5). With piecewise constant dynamics, our algorithm achieves the optimal regret of Õ(√ST) where S is the number of switches. The crux of our algorithm is an adaptive non-stationarity detection strategy, which builds on an approach recently developed for contextual Multi-armed Bandit problems. We also argue that non-adaptive forgetting (e.g., restarting or using sliding window learning with a static window size) may not be regret optimal for the LQR problem, even when the window size is optimally tuned with the knowledge of VT. The main technical challenge in the analysis of our algorithm is to prove that the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator has a small bias when the parameter to be estimated is non-stationary. Our analysis also highlights that the key motif driving the regret is that the LQR problem is in spirit a bandit problem with linear feedback and locally quadratic cost. This motif is more universal than the LQR problem itself, and therefore we believe our results should find wider application.
CachePerf
Authors: Zhou Jin , Tang Steven (Jiaxun) , Yang Hanmei , Liu Tongping
Published: July 2022

The cache plays a key role in determining the performance of applications, no matter for sequential or concurrent programs on homogeneous and heterogeneous architecture. Fixing cache misses requires to understand the origin and the type of cache misses. However, this remains to be an unresolved issue even after decades of research. This paper proposes a unified profiling tool--CachePerf--that could correctly identify different types of cache misses, differentiate allocator-induced issues from those of applications, and exclude minor issues without much performance impact. The core idea behind CachePerf is a hybrid sampling scheme: it employs the PMU-based coarse-grained sampling to select very few susceptible instructions (with frequent cache misses) and then employs the breakpoint-based fine-grained sampling to collect the memory access pattern of these instructions. Based on our evaluation, CachePerf only imposes 14% performance overhead and 19% memory overhead (for applications with large footprints), while identifying the types of cache misses correctly. CachePerf detected 9 previous-unknown bugs. Fixing the reported bugs achieves from 3% to 3788% performance speedup. CachePerf will be an indispensable complementary to existing profilers due to its effectiveness and low overhead.
Toxicity in the Decentralized Web and the Potential for Model Sharing
Authors: Bin Zia Haris , Raman Aravindh , Castro Ignacio , Hassan Anaobi Ishaku , De Cristofaro Emiliano , Sastry Nishanth , Tyson Gareth
Published: July 2022

The "Decentralised Web" (DW) is an evolving concept, which encompasses technologies aimed at providing greater transparency and openness on the web. The DW relies on independent servers (aka instances) that mesh together in a peer-to-peer fashion to deliver a range of services (e.g. micro-blogs, image sharing, video streaming). However, toxic content moderation in this decentralised context is challenging. This is because there is no central entity that can define toxicity, nor a large central pool of data that can be used to build universal classifiers. It is therefore unsurprising that there have been several high-profile cases of the DW being misused to coordinate and disseminate harmful material. Using a dataset of 9.9M posts from 117K users on Pleroma (a popular DW microblogging service), we quantify the presence of toxic content. We find that toxic content is prevalent and spreads rapidly between instances. We show that automating per-instance content moderation is challenging due to the lack of sufficient training data available and the effort required in labelling. We therefore propose and evaluate ModPair, a model sharing system that effectively detects toxic content, gaining an average per-instance macro-F1 score 0.89.
Temperature Dependence of Nonradiative Transitions of an Excited Optical Ion in Solids
Authors: Mishra K. C. , Collins J.
Published: July 2022

We have investigated the temperature dependence of nonradiative transitions of an optical ion in a solid from the excited electronic state to the ground electronic state within the framework of proper adiabatic approximation for a single configuration coordinate,

q
.

The Hamiltonian based on the nonadiabaticity operator has been used to calculate the temperature dependence of nonradiative transition rates. This perturbing Hamiltonian,

H

na

=
−

ℏ

2

∂

∂
q

e

∂

∂
q

v

−

ℏ

2

2

∂

2

∂

q

2

e

I

v

consists of two terms. In the literature, the first term is usually used to explain nonradiative transitions of an optical ion in a solid. We have shown that the first term alone leads to a zero of the nonradiative transition rates when

s
=
z

for low temperature, where

s

represents the Huang-Rhys parameter and

z

relates to the energy gap between the excited state and ground state in terms of vibrational quantum of energy,

ℏ
ω
.

This zero cannot be removed unless the second term is included for calculating the transition rates. We have defined three auxiliary functions,

U

1

,

U

2

and

U

3

to describe the temperature dependence of the nonradiative transition rates in a physically meaningful way.
Impact of supervised exercise on skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular function measured with MRI in patients with peripheral artery disease
Authors: Englund Erin K. , Langham Michael C. , Wehrli Felix W. , Fanning Molly J. , Khan Zeeshan , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Ratcliffe Sarah J. , Floyd Thomas F. , Mohler Emile R.
Published: July 2022

Supervised exercise interventions can improve symptomatology in patients with peripheral artery disease, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, MRI was used to evaluate perfusion, relative tissue oxygenation, and venous oxygen saturation in response to cuff-induced ischemia. Reactive hyperemia responses were measured before and after 3 mo of randomized supervised exercise therapy or standard medical care. Those participants who were adherent to the exercise regimen had a significant improvement in peak perfusion.
Software for Mapping and Extraction of Building Land Remote Sensing Data Based on BIM and Sensor Technology
Authors: Zhang Shaoping , Wan Yaqin
Published: July 2022

In order to solve the problem of complex extraction caused by large feature dimension of remote sensing data, this paper proposes a dimension compression extraction method of urban building land remote sensing data under BIM Technology. Firstly, the remote sensing data is imported into the BIM model for lightweight processing to obtain the element information required for urban construction land and then analyze the urban construction land data, extract the key elements of BIM Technology through semantic filtering, and use the triangulation method to transform the remote sensing data into the triangulation model that can be processed by GIS model. Finally, the random projection method is used to reduce the dimension and compress the remote sensing data, and the remote sensing data extraction of urban construction land is realized through dictionary learning, vocabulary coding, and feature extraction. The experimental results show that the accuracy of extracting different land use types by this method is more than 99%, while the accuracy of extracting different land use types by depth learning method and PLS method is less than 98.5%. In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio of the image extracted by this method is significantly higher than that by depth learning method and PLS method. Conclusion. This method can effectively compress and extract the urban construction land in the remote sensing data, and the extraction accuracy of remote sensing data is high. It provides a technical basis for the approval of urban construction planning. It has the advantages of simple feature extraction and effective differentiation of ground objects.
Edge Colouring of Neutrosophic Graphs and Its Application in Detection of Phishing Website
Authors: Mahapatra Rupkumar , Samanta Sovan , Pal Madhumangal
Published: July 2022

Graph colouring enjoys many practical as well as theoretical uses. Graph colouring is still a very active subject of research. This article introduces a new concept of the chromatic number of the neutrosophic graph (NG). There is a discussion of the difference between the fuzzy colouring of the fuzzy graph (FG) and the NG. Finally, a real‐life application for detecting phishing websites has been demonstrated by NG colouring.
Galectin-3 Is a Crucial Immunological Disease Marker in Patients with Fungal Keratitis
Authors: Xiao Yichen , Yang Jiahui , Fu Zhenyuan , He Dalian , Li Naiyang , Yuan Jin
Published: July 2022

Fungal keratitis, one of the most common infectious eye diseases in China, often results in a poor prognosis due to a delayed diagnosis and the insufficiency of effective therapy. There is an urgent need to identify specific biomarkers for the disease. In this study, we screened out tear proteins in patients with fungal keratitis by microsphere-based immunoassay analysis. Levels of cytokine expression were determined in both human corneal epithelial cell models in vitro and the corneas of patients by western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and immunofluorescence analysis. Neutrophil activation was examined by flow cytometry analysis. The relationship between the cytokine expression and neutrophils was evaluated by immunofluorescence costaining and correlation analysis. These results demonstrated that the galectin-3 expression level was increased in both cell model and patient samples at the early and late stages of fungal keratitis. The neutrophils were significantly activated during the disease course of fungal keratitis. Meanwhile, colocalization and a positive correlation between galectin-3 and neutrophils were observed, suggesting that galectin-3 may play a crucial role in the recruitment of neutrophils and immune regulation of fungal keratitis. In conclusion, galectin-3 could be a key disease marker implying a beneficial immune response in the pathogenesis of fungal keratitis, which might be a target of therapeutic strategy in the future.
Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Chand Birendra , Bhusal Sandesh , Pradhan Pranil Man Singh , Paudel Kiran , Adhikari Nisha , Adhikari Tara Ballav , Shrestha Sushan Man
Published: July 2022

Background. Despite the crucial role of public health students in tobacco control, there is a paucity of information regarding tobacco use among this population in Nepal. This study aims to assess the prevalence of tobacco use among undergraduate public health students in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Methods. A web‐based survey was conducted among 386 undergraduate public health students in Kathmandu valley, Nepal, using the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire. Associated factors were examined using multivariate logistic regression analyses at the level of significance of 0.05. Results. A total of 16.8% of students were current cigarette smokers, 39.9% had ever smoked cigarettes, and 62.2% had smoked their first cigarettes during adolescence. Among the participants, 11.7% currently used other tobacco products. Male students (aOR: 15.4; 95% CI: 4.9–47.8), students with higher age (aOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.0–5.4), students belonging to non‐Brahmin/Chhetri ethnic group (aOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2–4.4), and those staying without family (aOR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1–5.0) had higher odds of being current smoker. Similarly, students with a parental history of tobacco use (aOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3–5.0) and friends with smoking habits (aOR: 7.9; 95% CI: 2.3–27.0) were more likely to be a current smoker. Conclusion. There is a notable prevalence of tobacco use among public health students in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Concerned stakeholders should work jointly to implement a cessation program to discourage tobacco use among these populations who have a potential role in educating communities about the hazards of tobacco smoking, tobacco use prevention, and control.
Survival Prediction Model for Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on the Parameter-Optimized Deep Belief Network Using the Improved Archimedes Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yanfeng , Zhang Wenhao , Sun Junwei , Wang Lidong , Song Xin , Zhao Xueke
Published: July 2022

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the highest incidence and mortality cancers in the world. An effective survival prediction model can improve the quality of patients’ survival. Therefore, a parameter-optimized deep belief network based on the improved Archimedes optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper for the survival prediction of patients with ESCC. Firstly, a combination of features significantly associated with the survival of patients is found by the minimum redundancy and maximum relevancy (MRMR) algorithm. Secondly, a DBN network is introduced to make predictions for survival of patients. Aiming at the problem that the deep belief network model is affected by parameters in the construction process, this paper uses the Archimedes optimization algorithm to optimize the learning rate

α

and batch size

β

of DBN. In order to overcome the problem that AOA is prone to fall into local optimum and low search accuracy, an improved Archimedes optimization algorithm (IAOA) is proposed. On this basis, a survival prediction model for patients with ESCC is constructed. Finally, accuracy comparison tests are carried out on IAOA-DBN, AOA-DBN, SSA-DBN, PSO-DBN, BES-DBN, IAOA-SVM, and IAOA-BPNN models. The results show that the IAOA-DBN model can effectively predict the five-year survival rate of patients and provide a reference for the clinical judgment of patients with ESCC.
Copyright Transaction Mode and Copyright Protection Risk Analysis of Green Industry from the Perspective of Information Environment
Authors: Liu Jian , Deng Xuemin
Published: July 2022

At present, the requirements of the current environment and background require us to have higher requirements for the data mode of copyright transaction. According to the previous way to conduct copyright transactions, it will cause a lot of unnecessary trouble, and according to the establishment of the copyright transaction database, we analyse the data types and patterns of copyright transactions and related copyright transaction protection measures and risk prevention. According to the copyright transaction database, we adopt BS network model, CIF copyright transaction data set model, CI data set model, data interactive query technology, and block matching technology to deal with the copyright transaction data model and copyright transaction risk prevention under the background of Informa ionization as follows: (1) we use BS network model, CIF copyright transaction data set model, and CI data set model to analyse and detect the copyright transaction data before transaction, which better reflects the network model effect of self‐enhancing operation rate of copyright transaction data and effectively avoids overfitting problem. (2) By using interactive data query technology, the data presented in the preparation work before the transaction is more detailed, the samples are normalized, and the collected transaction data are tested for accuracy, which can eliminate potential dangers. (3) The method of similarity feature reconstruction of copyright transaction data set completes the extraction of association matching features of copyright transaction data system, which provides strong support for us to prevent risks and effectively match data in copyright transaction.
Exosome‐Derived Circ_0094343 Promotes Chemosensitivity of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Regulating Glycolysis via the miR‐766‐5p/TRIM67 Axis
Authors: Li Chen , Li Xu
Published: July 2022

Objective. Currently, the role of circ_0094343 (circPTEN) on the chemosensitivity of CRC remains to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of exosome‐delivered circ_0094343 in the proliferation, glycolysis, and chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Methods. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was utilized to detect the expression level of circ_0094343, miR‐766‐5p, and TRIM67 (Tripartite motif‐containing 67) in CRC clinical tissue samples and cells, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe the morphology of exosomes, and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) system to measure the diameter of exosomes. Besides, PKH67 fluorescent labeling was applied for assessing the level of exosome uptake by cells, MTT and cell clone formation assays for detecting cell proliferation and clone formation, respectively, and related kits for checking the glucose consumption, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter (DLR) gene assay was used for verifying the targeting relationship between circ_0094343 and miR‐766‐5p, miR‐766‐5p and TRIM67, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiment for the interaction between circ_0094343 and miR‐766‐5p, and Western blot for the protein level of exosome surface antigens (HSP70, CD63) and TRIM67 in cells in exosomes and cell lysates. Results. circ_0094343 was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues, chemotherapy‐resistant CRC tissues, and metastatic CRC tissues. Moreover, exosomes‐carried circ_0094343 played an inhibitory role in the proliferation, clone formation and glycolysis of HCT116 cells. Meanwhile, it could also improve the chemosensitivity of HCT116 cells to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), oxaliplatin (L‐OHP), and doxorubicin (Dox). Additionally, circ_0094343 acted as a sponge for miR‐766‐5p, and miR‐766‐5p targeted and regulated TRIM67. In CRC tissues, miR‐766‐5p expression was negatively correlated with TRIM67 expression, while circ_0094343 was positively associated with TRIM67. Further, mechanistic validation also demonstrated that circ_0094343 could inhibit HCT116 cell proliferation, clone formation, glycolysis, and chemotherapy resistance via the miR‐766‐5p/TRIM67 axis. Conclusion. circ_0094343 inhibited the proliferation, clone formation and glycolysis of CRC cells and improved their chemosensitivity to various chemotherapeutic drugs via the miR‐766‐5p/TRIM67 axis. This finding may provide new insights into the treatment of CRC.
Analysis of Bismuth (III) Iodide and Dendrimers in Drug Applications
Authors: Amin Shahid , Rehman M. A. , Naseem Amir , Younis Jihad , Asghar Syed Sheraz
Published: July 2022

Dendrimers are spherical three-dimensional molecules with a repetitively branching core. They are normally symmetric around the core. Bismuth (III) iodide has the formula

B
i

I

3

and is an inorganic chemical. The reaction between bismuth and iodine produces this gray-black solid, which was of great interest in qualitative inorganic analysis. Mathematical chemistry is an area of mathematics that employs mathematical methods to tackle chemical-related problems. One of these tools is a graphical representation of chemical molecules, known as the molecular graph of a chemical substance. A topological index (TI) is a mathematical function that assigns a numerical value to a (molecular) graph and predicts many physical, chemical, biological, thermodynamical, and structural features of that network. In this work, we will calculate a new topological index, namely, Sombor index, multiplicative Sombor index, and its reduced version for bismuth (III) iodide and dendrimers. We also plot our computed results of Sombor index, multiplicative Sombor index, and reduced Sombor index to examine how they were affected by the parameters involved.
Perceived Stigma and Its Association with Gender and Disclosure Status among People Living with HIV/AIDS and Attending Antiretroviral Therapy Clinics in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kassaw Chalachew , Sisay Daniel , Awulachew Ephrem , Endashaw Hareru Habtamu
Published: July 2022

Background. The psychological experience of being rejected, blamed, and ashamed in relation to a recognized medical disease is known as perceived stigma. It has a close connection to psychological health and therapy afterward. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been any national systematic review and meta-analysis research on this topic. Therefore, we conducted this analysis to thoroughly evaluate the pooled prevalence of perceived stigma among HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia who are receiving antiretroviral therapy and its relationship to gender differences and disclosure status. Method. We investigated the eight databases for quantitative Ethiopian studies published in English from 2008 to 2021 that looked at the relationship between felt stigma, gender, and disclosure status. To meet the statistical requirements of a systematic review and meta-analysis analysis, the random effect model for pooled prevalence of perceived stigma, log odds ratio for associated variables, I-squared statistics for heterogeneity, and Egger’s test for publication bias were implemented. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument’s standard data extraction method was performed to collect the necessary data, and STATA-14 statistical software was used for analysis. Result. A total of 8 cross-sectional Ethiopian studies with 3,857 participants were integrated into this systematic review and meta-analysis study. The pooled prevalence of perceived stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS and attending antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia was OR = 50.36% (95% CI: (40.71, 60.00), I2 = 97.3%,

p
=
0.000

). The pooled odds ratio of being male was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.53, 1.68, I2 = 86.7%,

p
=
0.000

) and disclosure status was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.09, 7.89, I2 = 97.9%,

p
=
0.000

). Conclusion. In this study, half of the participants encountered stigma. There was no statistically significant correlation between gender difference, disclosure status, and the perception of stigma. To address the mental and psychological issues of people living with HIV/AIDS, it is necessary to look into other factors that influence perceived stigma. It is recommended to screen for and treat perceived stigma with prompt examination and follow-up.
Construction of a Music Education Model Based on Internet Big Data
Authors: Lan Xinjun
Published: July 2022

Based on the formal industry 4.0 core that information technology promotes the upgrading of all industries, Internet big data has gradually become a hot spot of social development at present. Based on it, it has been widely applied in all industries and achieved good results. Music education is aesthetic education, is one of the key to inspire people to be good and true; because China is a country of culture and music, and has a high status in the history of world music, the advanced information technology and the traditional music education promote the national music education development, the quality of education, and its significance. This paper takes the construction of the music education model in the context of Internet big data as the research object. Firstly, it summarizes the development process and status quo of the Internet, big data, and music education and points out the shortcomings of the current music education. Secondly, combined with the current situation of the modern music education, in-depth analysis of the importance of music development based on Internet big data takes the inheritance of traditional music development as an example. Then, it analyzes the application form of Internet education, the educational model changed by Internet big data, the opportunities of Internet big data education, and the model construction of future music community development. This study is a combined study of the application of advanced technology to traditional education, which contributes to the updating and iterative development of the music education model and the implementation of quality-oriented education in China and also provides reference for the application of Internet big data to the upgrading of other traditional industries.
Metal Oxide Nanomaterials as Rice Transgenic Carriers
Authors: Yang Xiangbo , Bai Xia , Zhang Zhenkai , Yu Xiaoming
Published: July 2022

For the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials are in an important position. Due to their special structure and a series of unique properties, nano-metal oxide materials are widely used in nanoelectronics, catalysis, environmental monitoring, electrochemical sensors, and many other fields. Rice, as the most important food crop in the world, has a wide range of planting areas. Therefore, in this paper, the research on the construction of rice transgenic vectors is based on nano-metal oxide materials. In this paper, particle swarm optimization is used to optimize the weights of rice-growing convolutional neural networks. Secondly, it used rice as the test plant to study the effects of seven metal oxide nanomaterials on rice seed germination and root elongation. This sheds light on the toxic effects of metal oxide nanomaterials on rice growth and discusses the factors that affect the phytotoxicity of nanomaterials. The experimental results show that before optimization, the accuracy of the small batch sample test is 87.0456%, the accuracy of the large batch sample test is 93.5876%, and the accuracy of the test is increased by 6.542%. After optimization, the accuracy of the small batch sample test is 93.5876%, the accuracy of the large batch sample test is 99.0133%, and the accuracy of the test is increased by 5.4466%. The inhibition rates of nano-CuO and ZnO on rice root length were 97.28% and 66.75%.
Statistical Analysis of the Effect of Population Quality on Residents’ Income Distribution under the Data Fusion Algorithm
Authors: Wu Lihua , Guo Xiaomei , Zang Xiao
Published: July 2022

After years of development, today’s society is a prosperous era of the knowledge economy. Different from the previous period of development by consuming natural resources, people have realized that talents with technology and knowledge have become an important factor in promoting the development of social production. That is to say, the improvement of population quality has not only an impact on its own development but also an important impact on the comprehensive strength and competitiveness of its location. Population quality is the stipulation of the population in terms of quality, also known as population quality. It includes ideological quality, cultural quality, physical quality, and so on. Data fusion is a technology for the comprehensive analysis and processing of information from multiple sources. Therefore, this paper comprehensively considers the influence of ideological and moral quality and population structure. Under the algorithm of fusion data, the impact of population quality on residents’ income is explored. This paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to weight each indicator and calculate the comprehensive score. This paper ranks the quality of population and economic development of each province, city, and autonomous region in China according to their high scores. The results of the experiments in this paper indicate a relevant analysis with the income distribution of the nation’s residents, and the correlation is −0.9493. There exists a negative relation between the overall quality of Chinese residents and the income gap.
Evidence of Stem Cells Mobilization in the Blood of Patients with Pancreatitis: A Potential Link with Disease Severity
Authors: Dąbkowski Krzysztof , Łabędź-Masłowska Anna , Dołęgowska Barbara , Safranow Krzysztof , Budkowska Marta , Zuba-Surma Ewa , Starzyńska Teresa
Published: July 2022

A growing number of studies indicate the potential involvement of various populations of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in tissue repair. However, the mobilization of BMSCs to the peripheral blood (PB) in acute and chronic pancreatitis (AP and CP) has not been investigated. A total of 78 patients were assigned into AP, CP, and healthy control groups in this study. Using flow cytometry, we found that VSELs, EPCs, and CD133+SCs were mobilized to the PB of patients with both AP and CP. Interestingly, AP and CP patients exhibited lower absolute number of circulating MSCs in the PB compared to healthy individuals. SC mobilization to the PB was more evident in patients with AP than CP and in patients with moderate/severe AP than mild AP. Using ELISA, we found a significantly increased HGF concentration in the PB of patients with AP and SDF1α in the PB of patients with CP. We noted a significant positive correlation between SDF1α concentration and the mobilized population of CD133+SCs in AP and between C5a and the mobilized population of VSELs moderate/severe AP. Thus, bone marrow-derived SCs may play a role in the regeneration of pancreatic tissue in both AP and CP, and mobilization of VSELs to the PB depends on the severity of AP.
Household Transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Bhutan
Authors: Jatsho Jimba , Pelzom Dorji , Dorji Sithar , Pelzang Thinley
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The transmission trend of SARS‐CoV‐2 is continuously evolving. Understanding the dynamics in different settings is crucial for any effective containment measures. We aimed to study the characteristics of household transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Bhutanese households by determining the transmissibility within household contacts of confirmed COVID‐19 index cases and their factors of infectivity. Methods. We conducted a retrospective observational study on household transmission in 306 household contacts of 93 COVID‐19 positive index cases diagnosed from April 16, 2021, to June 30, 2021. A pro forma was used to collect data on the epidemiological, demographic, and clinical profile of all recruited individuals. Secondary attack rates (SAR) were calculated, and risk factors for transmission were estimated. Results. 180 of 306 household contacts developed secondary household transmission (SAR 58.8%; 95% CI: 53.2‐64.2). The median age of household contacts was 22 years. The median household size was 4 (mean 4.3 ± 2.199) members. Contacts exposed to adult index cases (aPR 1; 95% CI 1, 1.02, p = 0.01) and vaccinated index cases (uPR 0.41, 95% CI 0.25, 0.66, p < 0.001) had a higher SAR and prevalence of secondary infections. Conclusions. Our findings suggest substantial evidence of secondary infections among household contacts, especially in the context of public health mandated lockdowns. Aggressive early contact tracing and case identification with subsequent case isolation from other household members remains a crucial step in preventing secondary transmission.
Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 2 mRNA‐Binding Protein 3 and Its Related Molecules as Potential Biomarkers in Small‐Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhu Lin , Gao Xing , Du Yun , Tang Min , Guo Xiaofei , Chen Zhigang , Liu Yulong , Lu Yimin
Published: July 2022

Background. Insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related death in men and women all over the world. However, the relationship between IGF2BP3 and small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been reported yet. Methods. SCLC and normal samples (GSE19945 and GSE149507) were obtained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Differential genes were screened by R software, and functional analysis and signal pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. In addition, we used the survival analysis database to analyze the relationship between prognosis and gene expression. Besides, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) were used for further research. Results. Five differentially expressed miRNAs and 9 differentially expressed mRNAs were selected by using R software. Survival analysis database results show that C7, CLIC5, PRDX1, IGF2BP3, and LDB2 were related the overall survival of patients with SCLC. Furthermore, multivariate analysis included that IGF2BP3 was independent risk factors for SCLC patients. Besides, gene function and signal pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in the process of tumorigenesis and development. Furthermore, IHC and qPCR outcomes showed that the expression level of hsa‐miR‐182, hsa‐miR‐183, and IGF2BP3 was differentially expressed in normal lung tissues (NLTs) and SCLC tissues (SCLCTs). Conclusions. Our results concluded that hsa‐miR‐182, hsa‐miR‐183, and IGF2BP3 may take part in the development of SCLC.
The Design of Urban Sculpture Space with User Behavior Based on Internet of Things and Edge Computing
Authors: He Chili
Published: July 2022

To solve the application of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in the design of urban sculpture space, a VR network model is implemented based on Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge Computing. First, this work expounds and analyzes the theory of urban sculpture space and the interaction of urban sculpture space. Second, aiming at the problem that the development of IoT cannot meet the large amount of data and low delay of VR, a resource allocation algorithm, Joint Optimization of Resource Allocation and FOV (J-RAF) strategy is proposed based on the user interest and the resource allocation problem of (FOV), and simulation experiments are used to verify the effectiveness of the J-RAF algorithm. Finally, a VR network system is established based on cache cooperation and user interest, and a resource allocation algorithm Joint Cooperative Content Caching and FOV (J-CCF) is proposed, and its effectiveness is verified. Experiments show that compared with random strategy and random viewport strategy, algorithm J-CCF has 3% and 20% system gain. Compared with noncooperative cache scheme and random viewport strategy, algorithm J-CCF can improve the system gain by 15% and 25%, respectively. It is verified that the convergence of J-RAF algorithm and J-CCF algorithm and the effectiveness of improving the system gain. This work provides a technical basis for optimizing the design method of urban sculpture and contributes to the optimal design of urban space.
Impact of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Thrombomodulin Concentration and Early Markers of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Elkan Hasan , Baş Mehmet Memduh , Kaya Berna
Published: July 2022

Background. Thrombomodulin, an integral membrane protein functioning as a cofactor in the anticoagulant pathways, has recently emerged as a marker of endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on thrombomodulin concentration and early markers of atherosclerosis. Methods. Forty-four subjects undergoing LSG were prospectively examined. The change in thrombomodulin concentration from baseline (preoperative) to the sixth postoperative month following the LSG and the relationship between the change in thrombomodulin concentration and BMI, CIMT, ABI, and blood lipids were examined. Results. The medical records were available for 44 patients (mean age: 37.2 ± 10.9 years, 65.9% male). LSG led to significant reductions in total body weight and body mass index (BMI) at postoperative six months (37.0 ± 5.6 kg/m2 vs. 47.1 ± 5.8 kg/m2,

p
<
0.001

). Markers of early atherosclerotic events, including carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and ABI, improved. The change in thrombomodulin concentration (Δ TMD) was significantly correlated with the change in Δ BMI (r = 0.500,

p
=
0.011

), Δ LDL (r = 0.389,

p
=
0.032

), Δ systolic blood pressure (r = 0.384,

p
=
0.012

), and Δ CIMT (r = 0.327,

p
=
0.012

) and was negatively correlated with Δ HDL (r = −0.344,

p
=
0.020

) and Δ ABI (r = −0.357,

p
=
0.020

). Conclusion. LSG leads to significant improvements in blood lipids, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and in surrogate markers of atherosclerotic burden and endothelial function, including thrombomodulin, ABI, and CIMT, at postoperative six months. LSG might prevent or reduce atherogenesis in the early stages by stopping endothelial dysfunction.
Acute Coronary Artery Occlusion during Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in a Patient with an Anomalous Left Circumflex Coronary Artery
Authors: Xu Rongfeng , Ding Jiandong , Chen Lijuan , Feng Yi , Ma Genshan
Published: July 2022

Background. Acute coronary artery occlusion (CAO) during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a rare but life-threatening complication during the procedure; there were a few case reports about an anomalous LCX during perioperative period. We report a case of successful coronary protection using the chimney stenting technique in a patient with a severely calcified aortic valve and an anomalous LCX. Case Summary. A 75-year-old man was found an anomalous left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) originating from the right coronary cusp with severely calcified aortic valve stenosis requiring TAVR. When a self-expanding aortic valve was deployed, we found flow compromise in the right coronary system and circumflex to TIMI-0 flow. By using the chimney stenting technique, we rapidly planted 2 stents from the proximal CX branch to the sinotubular junction and the coronary flow was maintained. Conclusion. Chimney stenting protection as a bailout technique is safe and feasible and should be considered in patients deemed to be at high risk of coronary flow compromise, especially with an anomalous LCX.
A Predictive Model Based on Pyroptosis-Related Gene Features Can Effectively Predict Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Prognosis and May Be an Underlying Target for Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Yufu , Liu Jinhui , Zhang Lishuo , Li Yifei
Published: July 2022

Background and Objective. Recent studies show that pyroptosis-related gene affects tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. But the diagnostic and prognostic value of pyroptosis-related gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unknown. In the present research, a prognosis model according to pyroptosis-related gene was established to forecast prognosis among patients with ccRCC. Methods. The clinical information and RNA-seq data of ccRCC patients were collected from the TCGA dataset to first explore differential pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs). Univariate Cox regression and consensus clustering were applied to identify ccRCC subtypes. The prognostic PRGs were subjected to LASSO regression analysis to establish a prognostic model and to investigate its value and function. Finally, the relationship of the model immunity checkpoints and immunity infiltration was assessed. Results. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) showed that the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year prediction rates of the prognostic model were 0.715, 0.693, and 0.732, respectively. The high-risk group had lower overall survival and higher stage than the low-risk group. Functional enrichment analysis showed that PRGs were significantly enriched mainly in the PPAR pathway, inflammatory pathway, and immune activity. ccRCC patient prognosis correlates with immune components in the microenvironment, and immune checkpoint molecules are significantly expressed in the high-risk group. Immunotherapy may be effective in the high-risk group. Conclusion. Pyroptosis-related gene has an important impact on the progression of ccRCC and can be used as an independent predictor of patient prognosis. In addition, immune checkpoint molecules are significantly upregulated in high-risk populations, which may be a potential target for immunotherapy.
Sortilin 1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Migration by Regulating Immune Cell Infiltration
Authors: Gao Yan , Li Yan , Song Ziyan , Jin Zhenxing , Li Xiao , Yuan Chunluan
Published: July 2022

Objectives. Recent evidence suggests that Sort1 promotes carcinogenesis and tumor progression in multiple types of cancers. This study investigates the role of Sort1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods. The differentially expressed gene was screened through GEO and TCGA databases. The Sort1 gene was identified and its expression was then verified by TCGA and HCCDB (a database of hepatocellular carcinoma expression atlas) databases. The Human Protein Atlas database was used to assess the gene expression in tissues. The TCGA and KM-plotter databases were used to study the relationship between Sort1 and HCC. The correlation between Sort1 and immune cells was evaluated through the TIMER database. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was used to investigate the possible mechanism. The role of Sort1 in cell proliferation and invasion of HCC was further explored through in vitro experiments. Result. The differentially expressed molecule obtained from database screening was Sort1. Its expression was higher in cancer tissues than in paracancerous ones, and it was mainly located in the cytoplasm. The TCGA, KM-plotter databases, and our study data showed that low expression of Sort1 in HCC patients had better overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Further analysis indicated a significant correlation between Sort1 expression and immune cell infiltration. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis showed that Sort1 affected the biological events of HCC by participating in the WNT, TGF-BETA, JAK, STAT, and CALCIUM signaling pathways. In vitro, cytological experiments demonstrated reduced expression of PCNA, Ki-67, Vimentin, N-cadherin, and MMP-9 mRNA after knocking down Sort1, although E-cadherin expression was promoted. Overall, these processes reduced the ability of proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. Conclusion. Downregulation of Sort1 can prolong the OS, PFI, and DSS of HCC patients. Furthermore, due to its link with immune cell infiltration, the Sort1 gene represents a potentially novel predictive biomarker of HCC. The growth of HCC can be significantly inhibited by interfering with Sort1; therefore, these results provide a potential target for developing anticancer strategies for HCC.
Achievement Prediction of English Majors Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Li Guannan , Gao Wenyu
Published: July 2022

The prediction and analysis of student achievement aim to realize personalized guidance for students and improve student achievement and teacher’s teaching achievement. Student achievement is affected by many factors such as family environment, learning conditions, and individual performance. Traditional prediction methods often ignore that different factors have different effects on the same student’s score, and different students have different effects on the same factor, so the model constructed cannot realize personalized analysis and guidance for students. Therefore, this paper proposes a prediction model based on the analytic hierarchy process and genetic algorithm. Firstly, according to the relationship among different levels, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model is established. Then, a k-means clustering algorithm is used to process the experimental data. Secondly, in order to get rid of the negative impact of the randomness of the initial threshold and weight on model prediction accuracy, which leads to the prediction result falling into a local minimum, a genetic algorithm is proposed to find the optimal initial threshold and weight of model first. Finally, a prediction model based on the BP neural network is established to predict students’ scores, which proves that the prediction effect is good. The experiment was conducted with English major students in a university as the research object. Experimental results show that compared with traditional data mining methods, the proposed method has better prediction accuracy.
Application of AI Information Technology in the Political and Ideological Online Classroom System in the Background of Big Data
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhang Jin
Published: July 2022

Political and ideological online teaching is a new thing integrating political and ideological theory teaching and artificial intelligence information technology. In order to effectively improve the quality of political and ideological online teaching, this paper aims to make an in-depth study on the application of artificial intelligence technology in the political and ideological online classroom system under the background of big data. This paper first expounds the overall architecture of the political and ideological online system from the system hardware architecture and software architecture and then discusses in detail the functional design of the online system and the structure of the database. This paper proposes a data mining algorithm based on scale affine transformation and curriculum data information space reconstruction, constructs the data structure model of the political and ideological online classroom system, uses scale affine transformation to fuse the curriculum data, carries out spatial reconstruction of the fused curriculum data, extracts the high-order features of the curriculum data in the political and ideological online classroom system in the reconstructed space, and completes the data mining of political and ideological courses. Experiments show that the political and ideological online classroom system under the proposed method is better than the political and ideological online classroom system under the traditional method in terms of user satisfaction and teacher operation proficiency and can effectively improve the quality of political and ideological online teaching.