bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progress of Research on the Spatial Pattern and Performance Evaluation of Regional Urban-Rural Integration
Authors: An Lei , Zhang Pei , Li Dan , Sun Hai Jun
Published: October 2012

Strengthening the research on urban-rural relationship will help to improve t urban-rural dual structure into urban-rural integration and it has great significance. The latest progress in existing researches on the Spatial Pattern and Performance Evaluation of Regional Urban-rural Integration at home and abroad was reviewed systematically. It was found that Urban-rural integration has become a hot research subject in recent years and Performance evaluation have become the main contents in the research on Urban-rural integration. To study the progress of research on spatial performance for Urban-rural integration to investigates the weak point about. The research on specific type and formation the Spatial Pattern and Performance Evaluation of Regional Urban-rural Integration should be further strengthened. In order to optimize the spatial structure of Urban-rural integration, more planning tools should be applied.
The Flexible Spatial Structure Planning of Cities under Uncertainty Development
Authors: Deng Chun Feng , Ji Jing Juan
Published: October 2012

Rapid development and under the condition of market economy, urban development is facing more uncertainty. The traditional urban planning can’t meet the need of the urban dynamic development. It is need to construct a flexible and adaptive elastic spatial structure in order to adapt to more possibilities of urban development, such as the elastic of town scale and spatial structure. At the same time, the flexible space structure will pay more attention to the process of city development and the way to realize the setting guide. Taking the spatial structure planning of Wenshi town as an example, the author finally explains how the concept and method of flexible spatial structure planning.
The Creation of the City Symbol
Authors: Yan H. , Yang X.S.
Published: October 2012

The city symbol is a perfect embodiment of the city's cultural spirit connotation, through the accurate urban culture position, refined urban culture and spiritual connotation,abstract iconic element to present urban culture and urban image and promote city's development. Take Xiaogan for example, from the aspect of the urban culture position, the city symbol refinement and promotion, analyst of the Xiaogan's city symbol creation, proved the importance of the city symbol on urban development.
Discussing the Parking Ways on Different Types of Residential Areas - Taking Jinzhou City as an Example
Authors: Liu Chun Xiang , Xu Dong , Xia Miao
Published: October 2012

In recent years, the possession of private cars of urban residents in our country has increased quickly, making residential parking problems more serious. That has caused parking inconvenience and confusion environment in residential areas. These problems must be given enough attention when it comes to the building of supporting facilities in urban residential areas. According to the analysis of current standards of residential parking facilities and the characters of parking manners, we take a developing city, Jinzhou, as an example and research the motor vehicle parking status in residential areas, we propose the view that formulating the corresponding parking facilities indicator standards according to different types settlements, solving needs of residents in different types of residential areas in different ways, and the proposal that design of residential areas static transport facilities and parking spaces should reflect humane, intelligent and fair, and have flexible to adapt changes of need in future.
The Strategy of Site Location Based on Business Area Theory：Case Study of Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Metro in Xi’an
Authors: Wang Yuan , Kong Wei Wei , Wang Yu , Wu Feng Hua , Wang Lu Min
Published: October 2012

Site location is very important factor for a supermarket’s operation. This paper proposed a location model based on business area theory, and three cases, including Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Metro in Xi’an are compared to indicate the model is useful and feasible. The finding may provide direction to new supermarket’s location decision.
Conservation and Regeneration of Industrial Heritages in Harmony with Pattern of the Historical City, Luoyang
Authors: Sun Yan , Li Han Wu
Published: October 2012

This article is aimed at explaining and analyzing the value, character and current circumstances of the industrial building heritages in Luoyang. Combining with the historica1 culture character of city, the author proposes a series of methods and suggestions on the protection and renewal of the industrial building heritages. This will realize double wins of city development and heritages protection.
Research on the Development Strategy of the Midpoint City in “Beijing-Tianjin” Dual-Core Region Structure
Authors: Meng Xia , Kong Jun Ting , Xu Feng
Published: October 2012

The characteristics of dual-core region structure of Beijing-Tianjin and the development of their midpoint city – Langfang is analyzed and researched. It is proposed in this paper that the radiation-driving effects of the two cores cities influenced Langfang when they developed to a certain degree. The special opportunities and challenges of Langfang in the dual-core structure is demonstrated, and based on this, the development strategy of Langfang is put forward.
On Planning and Construction of Industrial Parks in Small Cities and Towns - Taking the Planning of Liji Industrial Park in Xinzhou, Wuhan
Authors: Hua Qiu Yue
Published: October 2012

This paper, on the basis of analyzing development conditions, puts forward main factors that constitute the construction of industrial park such as construction thoughts, targets, function layout and guidelines for urban planning and finally presents implementation strategy, which promotes the construction of compound type and ecotype industrial parks with characteristics in small cities and towns and boosts the economic development in small cities and towns.
Research on Solutions to Small Town Planning and Construction in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Sun Li Ping
Published: October 2012

There are many problems existing in small town planning in Inner Mongolia. After analyzing the causes of these problems, some solutions to them are put forward, such as, strengthen the control of the planning and work out the perfect town planning system, carry out the strategy of sustainable development, keep personality of the town and highlight town features, speed up the construction of key town and drive the rapid development of small towns, etc.
New Energy Policy and its Influence on Low-Carbon City Planning after the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Lin Feng
Published: October 2012

The Great East Japan Earthquake dealt a major blow to Japan, including the shattering of its fragile energy supply. The disaster most seriously questions the existing energy policy. Correcting the problems and guiding by macro-regulation and control provide the essential insurance for restoration and further sustainable economic development. China is a big energy user and importer of the 21st century, and a safe and efficient energy supply is of great significance for maintaining its long-term and stable economic growth. As the Chinese saying puts it, the stones from other hills may serve to polish jades; Japanese explorations have good reference value for China’s economic transformation, and the development of low-carbon cities and buildings.
The Study of the Method of China Cities Underground Space Development and Utilization
Authors: Dai Peng , Wei Xiu Ting
Published: October 2012

The city of today, its economy is one of the biggest problems to solve, development and utilization of urban underground space, the construction "compact" city, become the key to the gate open city construction. This paper mainly through urban underground expressway, underground residential building, underground sewage system, public facilities "common ditch", underground green space, underground recreation places, geothermal, underground city, the several potential city development and utilization of underground ways, this paper puts forward the scientific development view in the central guidance, to build a "harmonious society", the development of "the cycle economy" and construction "sustainable city" is of great significance.
Four Orientation Gods of Ancient Chinese Architecture
Authors: Wang Meng Lin , Tan Jie
Published: October 2012

East blue dragon, west white tiger, south phoenix and north tortoise were four orientation gods of ancient Chinese architecture. Four orientations derived from the astronomical phenomena about Big Dipper in the sky. Four gods were ancient totem symbols. Chinese ancients had the idea of “harmony between nature and man”. Many buildings were organic arranged and isomorphic with the sky. Buildings usually sit north and faced south, and their sides were toward to four directions named----east blue dragon, west white tiger, south red phoenix and north black tortoise. The applying of orientation gods to some extent caused the stylized mode in architecture.
Research on the Evaluation Method of Urban-Rural Integration
Authors: An Lei , Zhang Pei , Li Dan
Published: October 2012

The evaluation for rural-urban integration plays an important role in the process of the harmonious development of rural and urban areas. The latest progress of existing researches on the Performance Evaluation of Regional Urban-rural Integration was reviewed systematically. Some local governments used the evaluation system to evaluate the rural-urban integration in their territories. The article tries to summarize the literatures about evaluation method for Urban-rural integration，to investigate the weak point about evaluation of urban-rural integration. The new problems will also be point out and the problems need to be further researched.
Industrial Development and Construction of Complex Saemaul Planning
Authors: Wu Xin Jie , Nie Kang Cai , Wu Huang Hua , Wang Zheng Yang
Published: October 2012

Take a case study of Shitan village in Yangjia Town, the saemaul planning would take living spaces of industry, residence, culture and entertainment, as well as transportation in a group. It’s different from the past pattern-which pays more attention to improve infrastructures-in the construction of new countryside. It’s a plan taking the special industry as a core and remolding the living space as the key. It’s a plan that combines machinating, planning and design in one. It will fully exploit local history and culture in order to portray the local unique culture characteristics. Meanwhile, The plan will take a serious consideration of the the saemaul current situation and development tendency in the design of transportation and construction.
Study on the Strategy of Urban Village Development in New Rural Construction - Taking the Planning of Wangji Street, Xinzhou District, Wuhan City for Example
Authors: Jiang Bo
Published: October 2012

This paper describes the concept of urban village and the status of its planning and development at home and abroad, analyzes the existing development conditions of Wangji Street, and proposes the implementation strategies including restructuring of industrial planning, elevation renovation along the traffic axis, construction of demonstration villages and professional township, and construction of infrastructure and new rural community, etc. so as to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of urban villages in new rural construction.
The Planning Strategies of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Based on "Two-Oriented Society"
Authors: He Shao Yao , Liu Wen
Published: October 2012

The requirements of “two-oriented society” (resource-conserving and environment- friendly society) is dissected in the urban agglomeration planning, clarifying that the transformation of planning pattern and land resources use pattern should be carried out by the urban agglomeration planning under the “two-oriented society” background and the emphasis of planning should turn to the construction of public space and neighborhood relationship as well as prior layout of green space and urban open space. Through the understanding of regional planning on the connotation, orientation and core target of “two-oriented society”, analyst difficulties and problems “two-oriented society” construction in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan agglomeration was currently faced with, research on the establishment of “two-oriented society”, implementation methods and emphasis of regional planning was conducted. Additionally, aiming at the reality of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration, it proposes construction strategies and suggestion for the planning in the context of “two-oriented society” construction.
Theoretical Calculation of the Maximum Speed Limit Value on Freeway in Adverse Weather
Authors: Guo Yu Feng , Cheng Guo Zhu
Published: October 2012

In order to increase driving safety level on freeway, the paper analyzed the affecting mechanism of rainy day, snowy day and foggy day on road traffic safety. Considering that the sum of running distance and braking distance is less than visible distance, theoretical calculation formula of maximum speed limit value on freeway in adverse weather was presented based on the safe distance. Suggestions values of corresponding speed limit were given according to different visible distance, road fiction coefficient and grade.
Contrast Research on Containers Collecting and Distributing System of Guangzhou Port and Dalian Port
Authors: Xu Chang Xin , Jiang Miao Miao , Wang Zhen Ya
Published: October 2012

This paper compares collecting and distribution of Guangzhou Port with that of Dalian Port. From statistical data, we know that inland waterway transport is the leading transport mode in Guangzhou Port while railway transport is the most important transport mode in Dalian Port. Next, the paper compares two modes in respective port, and focuses on similarities and differences in problems in the container collecting and distribution system. At last, we get the conclusion that no matter what characteristics and problems are in two systems, the primary cause concentrates on coordination between actors in the system.
Summarization on the Great Wall in Hohhot Area during every Historical Stage
Authors: Wang Zhuo Nan , Wang Min , Zhang Xiao Dong
Published: October 2012

This paper explains the period, location, historical background and the current situation of the Great Wall in Hohhot. Knowing the distribution of the Great Wall in Hohhot can make us further acknowledge this city.
Vehicle Routing Planning in Dynamic Transportation Network Based on Floating Car Data
Authors: Duan Zheng Yu , Yang Dong Yuan
Published: October 2012

The traditional research on vehicle routing planning was mostly on the assumption that link travel time is constant, but the traffic conditions in real road network are often fluctuant. In order to meet the requirements of fast and efficient delivery, it is necessary to study vehicle routing planning in dynamic transportation network. In recent years, time dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP) which considers traffic conditions attracted more and more scholar's attention. However, most studies on TDVRP are based on simple test network, and assumed all vehicles depart from the depot at a fix time. In this paper, we studied TDVRP based on floating car data. We gave a mathematical model for TDVRP, and represented the dynamic network as a first in first out (FIFO) network by time dependent function of travel speed. Then, we designed a routing construction algorithm named DTO-NNC algorithm for TDVRP. Moreover, we constructed a test instance of 100 customers based on floating car data in the road network of Shanghai, and solved it in the case of fixed departure time and variable departure time. Through the instance, DTO-NNC algorithm has been proven efficient in real road network.
Travel Mode Choice Modeling: A Comparison of Bayesian Networks and Neural Networks
Authors: Tang Dou Nan , Yang Min , Zhang Mei Hui
Published: October 2012

In recent years, Bayesian networks and neural networks have been widely applied to the travel demand prediction area. However, their prediction performance is rarely directly compared. By experimental tests conducted using the same dataset, a Bayesian network model and a neural network model are compared for the travel mode analysis for the first time in this paper. It is found that the fully Bayesian network model tends to overfit the training set when the network itself is considerable complicated. The TAN structure otherwise has a better generalization performance and can achieve a better and more stable prediction performance, for its prediction accuracy 75.4%±0.63%, compared to the BP neural network model ,which prediction accuracy is 72.2%±3.01%. Experiment and statistical tests demonstrate the superiority of Bayesian networks and we propose using Bayesian networks, especially TAN, instead of neural networks in the travel mode choice prediction field.
Study on the Connectivity Reliability of Underground Road System
Authors: Yang Xue Hui , Yang Yang , Wu Ling Ling
Published: October 2012

The problems in connectivity of underground road system deepens the impact from disastrous emergencies. The more reliable connectivity calls for less time for emergency evacuation from underground road. Based on the summary analysis of urban underground road network, connectivity reliability is well defined and its calculation models are established in the article. Additionally, the evaluation is made of the reliability of different connectivity in different urban underground road system and the ways to improve are correspondingly recommended.
Gender-Role Interaction in Activity Participation between Nuclear Household Heads: A Case Study of Suzhou
Authors: Zhao Jing Yao , Wang Wei , Yang Min
Published: October 2012

Based on the 1235 cases of data collected in the survey of Suzhou, a structure equation model is developed to evaluate how gender-role interactions occur in two levels: attribute-activity and activity participation itself. The results show that those two kinds of interactions between two household heads do exist and strongly affect each other’s subsistence, maintenance and leisure activity participations. Household attributes and children’s age are found to have different effect on male and female heads. It indicates that one important reason for male and female differ in activity-travel behavior is that they receive different interactions in household from counterparts. As expected, those results show that different TDM policies should be made aiming at women and men. It will help to better reflect the behavioral responses of household heads to changes in demographic characteristics and to get a deeper understanding of gender difference in activity behavior in developing countries.
Safety Culture Analysis in Transportation Industry
Authors: Wang Chen Hua , Liu Yu Jung
Published: October 2012

The Taiwan Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (TOSHMS) and literature relevant to safety culture were used to sort out the influential dimensions in safety culture, establish a questionnaire framework for evaluating current safety culture, analyze four railway companies in Taiwan, and further investigate the current safety culture and the relationship between safety culture and occupational accidents. It was found in the investigation that significant percept ional differences existed in Health Activities, Safety Training, Safety Rule, Safety System, Safety Encouragement and Punishment, and Performance Measurement. From the analysis of safety culture and disabling injury frequency Rate（DIFR）, it is known that low DIFR does not ensure that risks are effectively controlled. It is thus known that the railway industry in Taiwan needs continuous improvement in terms of safety culture.
Research on the Double Yellow Lines Monitoring System Based on Pressure-Sensitivity of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Chen Jie , Hou Zuo Fu , Yu Hao Cheng , Gao Ling
Published: October 2012

The carbon fiber reinforced concrete has good pressure-sensitivity and compatibility with the surroundings and can be used as a sensor in the double yellow lines monitoring system. Combined with other electric appliances, this system can monitor the traffic violation effectively. The relationships of the electrical resistivity with the hydration time, carbon fiber content, conductive fillers and pressure-sensitivity on the load are studied in the paper. The smart control system designed in the paper can record the illegal drive automatically, overcome the shortcoming of the present methods and reduce the workload of staff effectively. It will play an important role in the road safety monitoring.
Building Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub to Serve Regional Economy
Authors: Dong Run Run , Liu Wu Jun
Published: October 2012

The overall operation of Hongqiao Integrated Transportation Hub commenced at the end of 2010.This article provides comprehensive introduction on Hongqiao Integrated Transport hub, including the derivation of the project, its function positioning (the status of the transport hub in Yangtze Delta River area and city of Shanghai ), development planning(in order to make investment and expenses balance), planning of road traffic( the bus system is given priority), planning of the information system(a screen shown with schedule information for each traffic mode), planning of intermodal transportation of air-rail(the key is to realize remote check in at Yangtze Delta) and planning of disaster prevention (setting up an allied emergency command center). These explorations provide lots of experiences to the booming construction of integrated transport complex.
Analysis of the Professional Market Settlement Paradigm Based on Mixed-Use : A Case Study on Work-Live Community in Xiaoshan Commercial Market
Authors: Zhu Xiao Qing , Wang Chen Ling , Jin Tong
Published: October 2012

The mixed-use development is the significant characteristic in every step of human settlement envelopment in Southeast China. With the carrier of local professional market, work-live community forms the mixed-use pattern. This papers expects to propose the important significance of professional market settlements development with Chinese characteristic throughout analyzing the mixed-use in professional market to set the construct and evaluation work-living complex. Xiaoshang Commercial Town will be used as a example to slove the applicability regulations to mixed-use space .
Genetic Algorithms Based Traffic Signal Optimization at a Congested Intersection
Authors: Wang Ping , Yang Qun
Published: October 2012

The objective of this paper is to investigate genetic algorithms (GA) on traffic signal timing at a congested isolated intersection. The objective function for GA modeling was established on the strategy of minimizing average delay and GA was applied to search for the optimal signal timing. Then microsimulation is used to compare the optimized timings produced by the GA with those obtained for the same intersection using Synchro. Results indicated that applying GA results in lower values of average delay and average number of stops in congested condition than applying Synchro.
The Efficient Applicability of Highway Alignment Optimization Models
Authors: Sun Xiao Yu , Wang Zhen Qing , Xing Hong Tao , Tong Yong Heng
Published: October 2012

The total engineering geology approach is applied to a roadway pilot project in the tidal deposits of the Western Netherlands.Its benefit as compared to the conventional geotechnical site investigation is demonstrated.Combining laser scanner altimetry data that is readily available to low cost GEM-2 electromagnetic surveys, allows for the refinement of the local geological model. Small and large scale heterogeneities have been detected in this study. Their existence has been confirmed by a line of closely spaced CPTs. On the basis of laser altimetry and GEM-2 signature, the identified heterogeneities are classified. Only a limited set of heterogeneities representative of the different classes requires a further detailed investigation. Aspects of feasibility, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness have a need for further research.
Cooperation in the Collection and Distribution System of the Shanghai Port : Container Highway Transportation
Authors: Wang Zhen Ya , Jiang Miao Miao , Wu Feng Ping
Published: October 2012

Abstract. Considering the container transportation, this paper analyzes the problems of cooperation in the highway in the collection and distribution system of Shanghai Port. We find that it is the lack of cooperation between the participants in the collection and distribution of Shanghai Port that caused the low efficiency of this mechanism, which hinders the development of hinterland. The reasons for cooperation obstacle contain "free rider" behavior, asymmetric information and the Government misbehavior, which causes that the cooperation does not arise spontaneously. Based on the conclusion, the article give the suggestion from the perspective of the Economics of Regulation, including that incentive mechanism, collective behavior, corporate alliances and the range of cooperation to strengthen the cooperative relationship between the participants and solve the existing problems.
Research and Realization of Airport Security Simulation System
Authors: Fan Jiang , Liao Hu Ming , Liu Hao Yang , Wei Xin , Wang Rong Qiao
Published: October 2012

This paper put forward a new security assessment method for solving the problem of airport security assessment. In this method, the computer simulation technology is used to establish airport's virtual model, the perspective projection method is applied to achieve simulation roaming, and the fault tree analysis is utilized to evaluate the virtual model's security. By modularizing the method described above, the Airport Security Simulation System is developed successfully basing on the UG platform. An example, at the end of the paper, is given to show the application of the system. The result shows that this system is rational and pragmatic in airport security and safety risk evaluation.
Inter-City Public Transportation Pricing Based on Game Theory Analysis
Authors: Wu Lin Lin , Zhang Luo , Wang Yang
Published: October 2012

Rail transit system and buses are the two main modes of public passenger transportation between adjacent cities in China. The development of public transport system and especially that of the rail transit may promote the sustainable development of the region. According to principle of utility maximization, this paper predicts passengers’ traffic mode choices based on evaluation model of passenger’s general traffic expenses. This paper analyzes the game relation of pricing between Rail Company and Bus Company on the condition of free competition from the perspective of maximizations of profit. It presents the model of public transportation pricing strategy and the model of subsidy policy in two situations respectively, which are when government subsides public transportation and when government does not. This paper provides basis for related administrative departments to make policies on sustainable transport pricing.
The Setting and Scheduling of the Traffic Patrol Service Platform
Authors: Zhang Ge Ge , Hu Xiao Shuo , Cheng Zhi Hui , Song Yu Hua , Qin Tai Gui
Published: October 2012

Based on the data and assumptions of Modeling Problem B in the 12th National Mathematical Contest, and through building the models, this paper studies the node allocation in the traffic patrol service platform jurisdiction, the full and fast blockade of the platform scheduling, a reasonable increase of the service platform in the blind area , the evaluation of the service platform, and the best design of the police lockdown plan. Furthermore, combined with the analysis of the police time, the balanced degree and effective coverage, the model is optimized.
The Countermeasures Response to Urban Traffic Congestion
Authors: Sun Yan Bin , Liu Li Juan
Published: October 2012

Nowadays,with the rapid development of urbanization and the rapid growth of amount of private vehicles, the issues for urban traffic congestion are becoming prominent, aslo they will be one of the core problems and the focus of social attention that every country in the world are facing. In this paper, some problems related to traffic congestion are discussed,which restrict the cities’development. Through a brief analysis about the traffic congestion, this paper presents some new countermeasures and suggestions,meanwhile gives a overall reference how to relieve urban traffic congestion, including the different ways of constructions for transport infrastructures, and also the reasons for priority to the development of public transport .Moreover,details of measures designs suitable for relieving the traffic congestion are involved in this paper.
Traffic Safety Maintenance Evaluation of National and Provincial Arterial Highway Facilities in China
Authors: Zhu Sheng Xue
Published: October 2012

National and provincial arterial highway facilities in China are the places with significant safety concerns and these is a real need to have a practically feasible way to evaluate traffic safety maintenance. The paper establishes the evaluation index system and evaluation model of arterial highway facilities traffic safety maintenance; calibrates the model parameter through AHP; establishes facility data collecting methods and standards; and selects several provincial highways as test section to testify the efficiency of the established model through the relativity analysis of the calculation values and experts’ subjective score values. The results show that this method can provide the basis for traffic safety maintenance of the National and provincial arterial highway facilities.
The Developing and Financing Model of Xiangzhong International Logistics Park
Authors: Huang You Heng , Wei Qi Hong
Published: October 2012

The construction of Xiangzhong international logistics park is a logistics infrastructure project of large investment and long payback period. Only takes a reasonable developing and financing model can we implement the construction plans. Analysis on the basis of the developing mode and experience of domestic and foreign logistics park, we find it that the comprehensive developing model is the best choice according to the specific conditions and situation about the region of Xiangzhong international logistics park. In order to ensure the found sources of the development of the logistics park, we suppose two possible options on the financing model of the huge founds for the park construction that is financing by formatting a state-owned assets investment and management company and financing by setting up a joint stock company.
Research on the Lowest Navigable Water Lever of Downstream of the Hydro-Junction
Authors: Feng Xiao Xiang , Zhang Ming , Hao Pin Zheng
Published: October 2012

Taking the third and the fourth shiplock of the Changzhou Hydro-junction as an example, it analyses the variation of downstream water level and its influenced factors. It adopts a plane 2D mathematical model for total sand to simulate riverbed deformation and transferring law about water level drop from Jieshou to upstream. It estimates water level drop which caused by riverbed scouring and channel regulation engineering in the downstream of the Changzhou Hydro-junction. The lowest navigable water level is obtained. It could provide some technical support for design and new idea for studying similar problems.
Applicability Analysis and Installation Techniques of Driver Feedback Sign on Freeway in China
Authors: Jiang Shui Long , Liu Hong Qi
Published: October 2012

The Driver Feedback Sign (DFS) has been widely used abroad to reduce the vehicle speed to improve traffic safety level, but it only be used on a few of freeways and urban expressways in China, and there have no research on its application effect. In order to popularization and application the DFS in China, the paper analyzed the DFS application situation at home and broad by document retrieval, comparatively analyzed implement effect before and after installing DFS on Badaling freeway by vehicle speed survey and questionnaires survey. At last, the paper comprehensively analyzed the applicability of DFS on freeway in China and proposed the installing requirement and technical requirement.
Study on Flow and Sediment Diversion at Four Inlets of Dongting Lake and Tendency and Influences of Erosion-Deposition Variation
Authors: Deng Ming Hua , Liu Ka Bo , Luan Zhen Yu
Published: October 2012

Through analyzing 50-year hydraulic data and by means of water-sediment model of middle reach of Yangtze River for numerical simulation calculation, it studies flow and sediment diversion at Four Inlets of Dongting Lake and tendency and impacts of erosion-deposition variation, and predicts the conditions of Three Gorges Project after 30 years’ operation. It can be found that flow and sediment diversion at Four Inlets of Dongting Lake are decreasing and the zero flow period is constantly prolonged. River courses at Four Inlets and Dongting Lake continue to deposit and shrink, and the problem of water resource in the Dongting Lake area is becoming more serious than before. Operation of the Three Gorges Project has not changed this trend and with the time of the operation goes on, the trends of flow and sediment diversion and erosion-deposition at Four Inlets river courses and Dongting Lake will be more detrimental to the water resources in the Dongting Lake area and its problem will continue to deteriorate.
Hybrid Differential Evolution Based Multi-Objective Approach for Hydrothermal Power Systems
Authors: Chiang Chao Lung
Published: October 2012

This paper develops a hybrid differential evolution based multi-objective approach for the optimal economic emission dispatch (EED) of the hydrothermal power system (HPS), considering non-smooth fuel cost and emission level functions. The hybrid differential evolution (HDE) equipped with an accelerated operation and a migration operation can efficiently search and actively explore solutions. The multiplier updating (MU) is introduced to handle the equality and inequality constraints of the HPS, and the ε-constraint technique is employed to manage the multi-objective problem. To show the advantages of the proposed algorithm, one example addressing the best compromise is applied to test the EED problem of the HPS. The proposed approach integrates the HDE, the MU and the ε-constraint technique, revealing that the proposed approach has the following merits - ease of implementation; applicability to non-smooth fuel cost and emission level functions; better effectiveness than the previous method; better efficiency than differential evolution (DE) with the MU (DE-MU), and the requirement for only a small population in applying the optimal EED problem of the HPS.
Environmental Effect of Large-Scale Hydropower Project - A Case Study in Three-Gorge Project of China
Authors: Shao Ai Jun , Li Zhi Guang , Yuan Ying
Published: October 2012

The topography is low and flat in the estuarine region of the Yangtze River, where waterlog and salt-affected soil is all through a latent threat to the agricultural development for long time. After the Three-Gorge Project is built up, the Three-Gorge Reservoir adjusts seasonably runoff will impact on the dynamic of soil water and salt in the region. These influence relations are very complicated. In spring, it will make the river water level up that discharge increases, so it will be not in favor of desalting. At the same time, mineralization degree of groundwater will decrease, in favor of desalting. In autumn-winter, it will make the river water level down that the discharge decreases, in favor of desalting. But, the mineralization degree of groundwater will increase, simultaneously salty tide invasion will strengthen, so not in favor of desalting. The elementary predicted result of numerical simulation shows that salification will be bigger in autumn than desalinization in spring. The impact degree of the project on the regime of soil salt will be gradually weakened along the river up from the estuary, the nearer to the sea, the bigger the impact, and from cross profiles, the nearer to the river, the bigger the impact. Especially within the range of 4 kilometers off the river, it is more possible that soil will produce salification or secondary salinization.
Research of Hydropower Construction Work System Safety Evaluation Based on SEM and ANP Model
Authors: Zhou Jian Lan , Sun Zhi Yu
Published: October 2012

It is imperative to strengthen the high-risk work system assessment and accidents prevention and control of hydropower construction hazards based on the identification of risk factors. Work system safety is a function of many factors, besides it is dynamic and complex. There may be relations and dependencies among the safety factors. Therefore, work system safety should be analyzed in a holistic manner. In this study, the accidents data analysis is used to identify the links among the factors, which are used as factor dominance relation in Analytic Network Process. Therefore, the influence factors of engineering construction safety are worthy of studying. Through extensive reading literature and information, making contrast and analyzing, researching and other methods, finishing the preliminary indicators of construction safety influencing factors, after conducting questionnaire survey, ultimately identified 19 indicators of factors and based on these indicators draw SEM model by AMOS software. With the influencing factors, it gives assessment result through the variable assignment and the factors weight derived from SEM and ANP method.
Study on Short-Term Scheduling of Day-Controlled Hydropower Station Base on the Minimum Range of Stage
Authors: Hu Bin Qi , Liu Jian Ping , Cheng Tao , Wu Yong Gang , Zhou Li
Published: October 2012

Base on the peak-load adjustment of the upper station and the consideration of downstream flow for shipping requirement, a minimum range of stage model, which is suitable for the day-controlled hydropower station, has been proposed in this paper. Taking certain hydropower station as an example, the minimum range of stage model has been studied in this paper with the dynamic programming method. And the results show that, although there would be a little losing of electric generated energy, the range of stage will be minimum fluctuation and the electric output process smooth through all the time, which means that the minimum range of stage model is suitable for the requirements of day-controlled hydropower station.
Study on the Clay Mechanical Characteristics of “Ripping Up the Bottom” in the Yellow River
Authors: Dong Wen Sheng , Jiang Xiu Fang , He Xian Feng , Zai Ying Ying
Published: October 2012

Aim to the high sandy river “ripping up the riverbed” phenomenon, by experiment, analyzing the relationship between clay dry density, water content, plasticity index and its shear strength, and its mechanical properties. Create the conditions for studying clay mechanical strength and the critical condition of “bottom tearing scour”.
Estimating Turbulence and Shear Stress under Regular Waves from ADV Data
Authors: Xiao Zheng , Shen Chao , Guan Zhi Xin , Li Yuan , Ji Rui Min
Published: October 2012

The boundary layer flow determines the bottom shear stresses, which is key point for sediment transport and thereby the evolution of coastal morphology. The structure of the bottom boundary layer in coastal seas has been of interest to oceanographers for many years. In the paper Acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) technique is applied to measure the bottom boundary layer under cnoidal waves in a laboratory flume with 40-m-long, 0.5-m-wide, and 0.8-m-deep.. Based on the high frequency turbulence signal collected, statistic parameters of cnoidal wave flow are calculated, compared and analyzed. The turbulent structure over plain bed and sand ripples bed are carefully studied. The turbulence intensity of near-bed velocities changes along depth of several phases in a period is analyzed. Turbulent Kinetic Energy Method (TKE Method) is used to estimate near-bed shear stress on flat and slope.
Verification of STACS-VOF Based Two-Phase Flow Model for Interfacial Flows
Authors: Deng Bin , Jiang Chang Bo , Guan Zhi Xin , Shen Chao
Published: October 2012

The numerical calculation and simulation of gas-liquid two-phase flows with interfacial deformations have nowadays become more and more popular issues in various scientific and industrial fields. In this study, a three-dimensional gas-liquid two-phase flow numerical model is presented for investigating interfacial flows. The finite volume method was used to discretize the governing equations. A High-resolution scheme of VOF method (STACS) is applied to capture the free surface. The paper outlines the methodology of STACS and its validation against three typical test cases used to verify its accuracy. The results show the STACS-VOF gives very satisfactory results for three-dimensional two-phase interfacial flows problem, and this scheme performs more accurate and less diffusive preserving interface sharpness and boundedness.
Numerical Investigation of Impact of Pile Space on Flow around Two Vertical Cylindrical Piles
Authors: Qi Jian Wen , Kuang Cui Ping , Gu Jie , Huang Jing
Published: October 2012

The flow around two vertical cylindrical piles exposed to a steady current is studied numerically by a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which is closured with a k-ε turbulence model. This model is firstly validated by experimental data obtained from a labortory experiment for a steady flow through a circular pile. Then this validated model is used to study flow pattern around two cylindrical piles. Finally, four key physical factors of the size of the horseshoe vortex and lee wake vortex, the maximum current velocity and bottom shear stress are analyzed under the different pile spaces. The main conclusions are: i) the size of the horseshoe vortex increases with the increase of the two pile space, while the size of the lee wake vortex changes slightly; ii) the maximum current velocity and the maximum bottom shear stress decrease with the increase of two pile space, and reach steady after the two pile space larger than six times of cylindrical pile diameter.
Numerical Experiments of Bottom Stress on Wave Setup
Authors: Liu Shi Chao , Huang Li
Published: October 2012

Wave-induced setup increases the mean water level in the surf zone and can be influenced by bottom stress in the presence of ambient current. As the numerical experiment shows, the effects of bottom stress on wave setup are associated with wave conditions. An onshore-directed bottom stress caused by offshore ambient current increase the wave setup and an offshore-directed bottom stress caused by onshore ambient current decrease the wave setup. According to the experiment, it is necessary to calculate wave-induced setup including the bottom stress in the presence of ambient current.
Characteristics of Non-Linear Internal Waves in a Three-Dimensional Numerical Wave Tank
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Ling Ling , Yu Zhen Zhen , Leng Yuan Bao , Song Wan Zeng , Zhang Bin
Published: October 2012

Internal waves have a significant impact on the hydrodynamic and stratification characteristics in the density stratified lakes and oceans. In order to reveal the features of internal waves, a three-dimensional numerical wave tank in regular terrain based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was established to simulate the processes of non-linear internal solitary waves propagation and evolution. The concept of a fraction volume of fluid (VOF) was employed to track the interface of the two-layer fluid. Comparisons were made between CFD model and weakly non-linear KdV theory, it was shown that the wave amplitude predictions by the CFD model agreed well with the KdV equation. On the other hand, the convergence flow and divergence flow at the water surface were captured successfully by the simulated spatial and temporal distributions of velocity. Some peculiar hydrodynamic characteristics, e. g. turbulence kinetic energy and its dissipation rate in the numerical wave tank were also identified and examined. Consequently, this paper provides a reliable method for understanding the phenomenon of internal waves in stratified water bodies.
An Integrated Model for Water Resources Allocation in the River Basin Based on Different Allocation Principles
Authors: Xiao Chun , Shao Dong Guo , Yang Feng Shun
Published: October 2012

Aiming at the existing problems in the models of water resources allocation, the concept of friendly allocation of water resources was put forward, and based on the principles of basic water use guarantee, preference of status in quo, fairness and high efficiency, the friendly subfunctions were established and an integrated model of water resources allocation was proposed with maximizing friendly function of water resources allocation. As a case study, the proposed allocation model was applied in Fuhuan River Basin in China, and the results indicated that the model was rational and effective, which provides a new method for water resources allocation in the river basin.
A New Formula for Critical Depth of the U-Shaped Channels
Authors: Li Feng Ling , Wen Hui , Lin Xu Guan
Published: October 2012

Abstract: U-shaped section channel is widely used in water conservancy projects. But the critical depth computation equation for U-shaped section channel is a transcendental equation and no analytic solution. a formulae for calculation critical depth of U-shaped channels were derived by selecting proper variables and fitting curves. The existing graphic and trial methods were replaced. The engineering case shows that the proposed formulae are simple and accurate. The maximum relative error of the critical depth is less than 0.683%, It will be greatly convenient for the designers.
Specification of Turbulent Diffusion by Random Walk Method for Oil Dispersion Modeling
Authors: Wang Jin Hua , Zhang Jin Shan
Published: October 2012

Random walk modeling has been extensively used for oil dispersion studies. However, there is some misusing about the expression. The aim of this study is to clarify the essence of the method. Expressions used in published papers are reviewed firstly, and different methods are discussed. The results show that the random method can successfully predict the dye patch dimensions and the dilution of the dye with time in contrast with the other method. Also, some critical factor in applying the random walk method is emphasized in the paper. Two types of formula used to simulate the turbulent diffusion are discussed. Results have shown a need for care in determining the concentrations from the random walk model.
Simulation Study on the Characteristics of Flow Field in the Process of Wave Impact
Authors: Feng Jin
Published: October 2012

In order to study the characteristics of flow field in the process of wave impact, two-dimensional regular wave numerical models were established based on the software FLUENT. RANS equations were adopted. The standard equations were used to close the Reynolds equations. VOF method was used to reconstruct the free surface. After three typical cases of wave slamming on open-piled structures were reproduced, the models were verified by experimental data and the flow field surrounding the structure was displayed visually. Then the processes of wave impact under various wave height, period and over height were simulated. The influences of the three parameters on the distribution of vertical velocities were analyzed, which shows that the distribution rule of the vertical velocities is similar to the wave impact pressures.