bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visión estratégica de la responsabilidad social empresarial
Authors: Villasmil Molero Milagros
Published: March 2019

La Responsabilidad Social en las organizaciones surge como una orientación de actividades individuales y colectivas, permitiendo a todos igualdad de oportunidades para desarrollar sus capacidades y apoyando la eliminación de los obstáculos estructurales de carácter económico y social, así como los culturales y políticos que afectan o impiden su desarrollo. El objetivo del presente trabajo estuvo orientado en analizar la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial como estrategia dentro del proceso de dirección de la organización. Para ello se llevó a cabo una investigación estrictamente de tipo documental con diseño bibliográfico. Como resultado del análisis se concluye que el argumento de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial se basa en la cuestión moral y ética con prescindencia del aspecto económico, hoy más que nunca se perfila como herramienta de transformación, pero cuando es examinada desde el punto de vista estratégico, presenta serias disyuntivas sobre la conveniencia o no en su aplicación, motivado a que existe resistencia en los altos directivos a valorar resultados a largo plazo que impliquen inversión social.
AUDIT QUALITY AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY
Authors: OZCAN Ahmet
Published: March 2019

Earnings management is
one of the controversial issues in the current business environment. The value
relevance of earnings is adversely influenced by earnings management. The
objective of this study is to analyze the association between audit quality and
earnings management for non-financial firms quoted on Borsa Istanbul. Ordinary
least square regression analysis is employed in this study in analyzing the association
between earnings management and audit quality. Three different proxies for
audit quality (auditor independence, audit industry specialization and auditor
tenure) were analyzed based on a sample of 97 non-financial firms quoted on
Borsa Istanbul from 2013 to 2018. Empirical analysis indicates that auditor
independence and audit industry specialization are significantly negatively related
with likelihood of earnings management and long-term auditor and client
relationship enables the management of firms to more actively engage in
earnings management. This paper finds support for the notion that the
high-quality audit is one of the prominent factors that can mitigate earnings
management practices.
Obstetrics ICU admissions: learning objectives
Authors: . Preetkamal , Bala Ripan , Kaur Simranjeet , Nagpal Madhu
Published: March 2019

Background: The management of critical illness in pregnancy requires intensive monitoring of obstetric patients in the intensive care unit. Systematic way of surveillance will allow the measurement of outcomes of interest and associated risk factors. Intensive care unit is highly specified and sophisticated area of hospital which is specifically designed, staffed, furnished and equipped, dedicated to the management of critically sick patients, injuries or complications. The aim of this study was to know the frequency of ICU admission in obstetrical patients, to analyse the medical or surgical comorbidity related to obstetrical problems, to segregate the cause of morbidity and to identify the risk reducing strategies.Methods: This observational study was conducted in 40 ICU patients in present institute from 1st December 2016 to 28th February 2019. The present study was divided into two groups in group I, intervention was done first followed by ICU intervention and in group II, ICU stabilization was done first followed by obstetrical intervention. The parameters noted were age, parity, gestation age, diagnosis on admission, associated medical and surgical comorbidity, reason for ICU admission, any surgical procedure performed, details of treatment given in ICU like ventilator support, blood transfusion, dialysis or ionotropic support. Patients outcome, review of mortality and area of improvement were also noted.Results: There were 17.5% mortalities observed in present study. The most common ICU intervention was blood transfusion (81.19%) followed by mechanical ventilation (37.8%). Commonest cause of mortality was multiorgan dysfunction (28.5%) followed by hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (14.3%), peripartum cardiomyopathy (14.3%), acute fatty liver of pregnancy (14.3%), septic shock (14.3%) and acute febrile illness (14.3%). Most of the patients were unbooked (74.3%), 47.2% cases did not receive antenatal care.Conclusions: There is need for antenatal registration of all pregnant women and institutional deliveries should be the aim. There should be antenatal detection and management of medical and surgical comorbidities. There is need for training in emergency obstetrics so that complication can be recognized and managed at an optimum time.
Serum magnesium level in eclampsia at tertiary care center, Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Nidhi , Shah Nilesh
Published: March 2019

Background: Magnesium may be physiologically important in blood pressure regulation whereas changes in magnesium levels could contribute to the patho-etiology of hypertension. The objective of the present study was to study the level and effect of magnesium in eclamptic pregnant women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 clinically diagnosed women with eclampsia in their third trimester of pregnancy. Inclusion criteria for the study was; females with singleton pregnancy, all in the third trimester which were diagnosed to have PIH based on the development of hypertension for the first time, proteinuria with or without edema, with no history of previous urinary tract troubles and no evidence of UTI. The concentration of total serum magnesium was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results: Mean age, mean gestational age, mean total hospital stays, mean BMI, mean systolic BP and diastolic BP was 24.3 years with 5.1 SD, 36.4 week with 3.3 SD, 7.8 days with 2.4 SD, 28.9 wt/ht2 with 4.8 SD, 146.5 mmHg with 14.7 SD and 95.9 mmHg with 11.2 SD respectively. Mean magnesium level was 1.9 mmol/L with 2.2 SD.Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia is present in eclamptic pregnant women. In developing countries like India, sufficient dietary supplementation should be given above the recommended dietary allowances in pregnancy at least in susceptible pregnant women.
A study of gross congenital malformation at birth
Authors: Gandhi Pooja R. , Vora Hetal D. , Vasavada Halak J. , Patelia Mehul T. , Popatiya Pragneshkumar L. , Vora Naznin
Published: March 2019

Background: A congenital anomaly is a structural anomaly of any type that is present at birth. Congenital anomalies may be induced by genetic or environmental factors. Most congenital anomalies, however, show the familial patterns expected of multi-factorial inheritance. The aims and objective of this study were to study the incidence of visible congenital malformations at birth, to study risk factors, to find associated internal malformations.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital affiliated to a medical college. The Inclusion criteria include all new-borns delivered in the hospital with visible congenital malformations examined within 48 hours of birth. Extramural babies were included if they had presented within 48 hours after birth. The Exclusion criteria include still births were excluded from the study.Results: Percentage of congenital malformation was 1.32%. Most common systems involved were musculoskeletal system (46.34%) followed by genitourinary system (21.34%) and gastrointestinal system (14.02%).Conclusions: All Babies with gross congenital malformation should be screened for internal malformation. The incidence of CNS malformation has reduced than observed in previous studies which suggest awareness about antenatal folic acid supplementation. Other than CNS anomalies, other system anomalies were not diagnosed antenatally despite antenatal ultrasound being done in maximum number of mothers, which suggest use of 3D or 4D scan antenatally.
Body mass index, obstruction of the airflow, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index as predictor of the severity of exacerbations and systemic involvement in patients with COPD
Authors: Hasabi Ishwar , Gudagunti Ashok Kumar , S. Arathy
Published: March 2019

Background: Allocation of the limited resources to the needed patients and decision making regarding timely interventions demand development of a reliable, cost effective, simple assessment tool. Several studies propose body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise (BODE) index for this purpose in patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this study was to assess the utility of BODE index to predict the severity of exacerbations and systemic involvement in COPD.Methods: A Present hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 100 COPD patients. BODE index was used to assess the patients and its association was studied with various variables. The data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.Results: As the body index class of severity increases, the number of hospitalizations required in the past also increases and this association is statistically significant. As the severity of the disease increased as indicated by the class the mean number of exacerbations in the past increased and this association was found out to be statistically significant. As the severity of the disease increased as indicated by the class level, the mean number of days of hospitalization increased. But this increase was of small difference and hence on one-way ANOVA test was not found out to be statistically significant. As the pack years increases, the BODE index increases significantly (p value <0.001).  As the severity of the disease increased, the mean body mass index decreased. Haemoglobin level was found to decrease with increase in BODE index class of severity. This association was statistically significant.Conclusions: The BODE index has been found to be a very good tool to assess the prognosis of COPD as well as severity of acute exacerbations.
Prevalence of complications of diabetes among patients with diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care centre in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Praythiesh Bruce M. S. , Vasantha Mallika M. C.
Published: March 2019

Background: Diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death by the year 2030 as per the World Health Organization. In adults the prevalence of diabetes globally has risen from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014. Level of awareness depends on socioeconomic class, literacy of the patients, training received by them, source of information on diabetes. Knowledge, attitude, and practices about diabetes mellitus and its complications are important to reduce the prevalence and morbidity associated with diabetes mellitus and its complications.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted among 201 patients with diabetes visiting. Outpatient department of Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu during a period from January 2017 to June 2018 using a pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire.Results: Among 201 patients with diabetes included in the study, 69.0% had one or more of the complications of diabetes. Factors significantly associated with high rate of complications were the female gender (p<0.001), obesity, rural residential area, high blood pressure (p<0.001), familial history of diabetes (p<0.001), duration of the disease above 5 years (p< 0.001) and high HbA1c level (p<0.001).Conclusions: This study revealed that type 2 diabetic patients followed up in the OPD of SMIMS showed a high rate of chronic complications which often occurred in age more than 50 years. Socio-demographic and biological factors were significantly associated with the high rate of complications of diabetes.
On Analysis of Traffic Flow Demultiplexing Effectiveness
Authors: Stepanov Evgeniy P.
Published: March 2019

It is known that the demultiplexing of the individual traffic flow into several independent transport subflows can increase the speed of it. This statement is true for a single flow but its truth for themassivecase, when demultiplexing technics are applied to all traffic flows in the network of a single Internet Service Provider (ISP), is not obvious. The question arises, what impact the massive demultiplexing of traffic flows will have on the whole ISP network bandwidth. In this paper, this question is considered for the static case, when each flow is demultiplexed statically, i.e. every flow before its launching is demultiplexed into the same number of subflows. We developed a mathematical model that was used to construct a simulation model in order to obtain more accurate estimates of the network performance with and without flow demultiplexing. Using simulation model, network properties are defined, under which the demultiplexing of traffic flows is justified. We proved the correctness of the obtained results by emulating a network load based on a protocol stack virtualization for the same input. We considered various routing policies that can be used for massive demultiplexing. Special attention is paid to algorithms that allow you to build routes with minimal intersections, since using the nonintersecting routes with non-optimal cost can increase the network performance. The routes constructed with these algorithms were used both for the network performance analysis with demultiplexed flows and in the case of balancing non-demultiplexed flows.
An Effective Algorithm for Collision Resolution in Security Policy Rules
Authors: Morzhov Sergey V. , Sokolov Valeriy A.
Published: March 2019

A firewall is the main classic tool for monitoring and managing the network traffic on a local network. Its task is to compare the network traffic passing through it with the established security rules. These rules, which are often also called security policy, can be defined both before and during the operation of the firewall. Managing the security policy of large corporate networks is a complex task. In order to properly implement it, firewall filtering rules must be written and organized neatly and without errors. In addition, the process of changing or inserting new rules should be performed only after a careful analysis of the relationship between the rules being modified or inserted, as well as the rules that already exist in the security policy. In this article, the authors consider the classification of relations between security policy rules and also give the definition of all sorts of conflicts between them. In addition, the authors present a new efficient algorithm for detecting and resolving collisions in firewall rules by the example of the Floodlight SDN controller.
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity affects its subcellular localization and DNA strand break rejoining.
Authors: Ryabokon Nadezhda I , Cieślar-Pobuda Artur , Rzeszowska-Wolny Joanna
Published: March 2019

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) plays a crucial role in DNA repair. Modulation of its activity by stimulation or inhibition is considered as a potentially important strategy in clinical practice, especially to sensitize tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy through inhibition of DNA repair. Here we studied the effect of the three PARP inhibitors, 5-iodo-6-amino-benzopyrone (INH(2)BP), 1,5-isoquinolinediol (1,5-dihydroxyisoquinolinediol (1,5-IQD) and 8-hydroxy-2-methylquinazolin-4-[3H]one (NU1025), and for two of them the efficiency in slowing the rejoining of DNA strand breaks induced by H(2)O(2) was compared. Inhibition of PARP changed its intranuclear localization markedly; cells exposed to the inhibitor NU1025 showed a significant tendency to accumulate PARP in large foci, whereas in untreated cells its distribution was more uniform. The speed and efficiency of rejoining of H(2)O(2)-induced DNA strand breaks were lower in cells incubated with a PARP inhibitor, and the kinetics of rejoining were modulated in a different manner by each inhibitor. At a concentration of 100 microM the efficiency of the inhibitors could be ranked in the order NU1025 > IQD > INH(2)BP. The two first compounds were able to decrease the overall PARP activity below the level detected in control cells, while INH(2)BP showed up to 40% PARP activity after exposure to H(2)O(2).
Calculation of reliable transcript levels of annotated genes on the basis of multiple probe-sets in Affymetrix microarrays.
Authors: Jaksik Roman , Polańska Joanna , Herok Robert , Rzeszowska-Wolny Joanna
Published: March 2019

Microarray methods have become a basic tool in studies of global gene expression and changes in transcript levels. Affymetrix microarrays from the HGU133 series contain multiple probe-sets complementary to the same gene (4742 genes are represented by more than one probe-set in a microarray HGU133A). Individual probe-sets annotated to the same gene often show different hybridization signals and even opposite trends, which may result from some of them matching transcripts of more than one gene and from the existence of different splice-variant transcripts. Existing methods that redefine probe-sets and develop custom probe-set definitions use mathematical tools such as Matlab or the R statistical environment with the Bioconductor package (Gentleman et al., 2004, Genome Biol. 5: 280) and thus are directed to researchers with a good knowledge of bioinformatics. We propose here a new approach based on the principle that a probe-set which hybridizes to more than one transcript can be recognized because it produces a signal significantly different from others assigned to the particular gene, allowing it to be detected as an outlier in the group and eliminated from subsequent analyses. A simple freeware application has been developed (available at www.bioinformatics.aei.polsl.pl) that detects and removes outlying probe-sets and calculates average signal values for individual genes using the latest annotation database provided by Affymetrix. We illustrate this procedure using microarray data from our experiments aiming to study changes of transcription profile induced by ionizing radiation in human cells.
Isolation and characterization of novel human short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase SCDR10B which is highly expressed in the brain and acts as hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Authors: Huang Chaoqun , Wan Bo , Gao Bo , Hexige Saiyin , Yu Long
Published: March 2019

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase belongs to the subfamily of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR), and 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of inactive glucocorticoids (cortisone in human, dehydrocorticosterone in rodents) and active glucocorticoids (cortisol in human, corticosterone in rodents). We report here the cloning and characterization of a novel human SDR gene SCDR10B which encodes a protein with similarity to 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1. SCDR10B was isolated from a human brain cDNA library, and was mapped to chromosome 19p13.3 by browsing the UCSC genomic database. It contains an ORF with a length of 858 bp, encoding a protein with a transmembrane helix and SDR domain. Its molecular mass and isoelectric point are predicted to be 30.8 kDa and 10.3 kDa, respectively. SCDR10B protein is highly conserved in mammals and fish. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that SCDR10B stands for a new subgroup in the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family. Northern blot analysis showed that SCDR10B was highly expressed in brain, and a strong expression signal was detected in hippocampal neurons by immunohistochemical analysis. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis showed that SCDR10B was up-regulated in lung-cancer cell lines and human lung cancer. SCDR10B can catalyze the dehydrogenation of cortisol in the presence of NADP(+), and therefore it is a hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Lansoprazole is an uncompetitive inhibitor of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase.
Authors: Delomenède Mélanie , Buchet René , Mebarek Saïda
Published: March 2019

Lansoprazole, a known H(+)/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, is currently used as a therapeutical option for the initial treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Recently, lansoprazole has been found to be an inhibitor of cytosolic PHOSPHO1 (a phosphatase which hydrolyses phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine), providing a possible therapeutical target to cure pathological mineralization. Since PHOSPHO1 is present inside matrix vesicles, we tested the effect of lansoprazole on matrix vesicles containing several key enzymes for the mineralization process including tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase. We found that lansoprazole can inhibit in an uncompetitive manner tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase. A K(i) value of 1.74 +/- 0.12 mM has been determined for the inhibition of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase by lansoprazole. Lansoprazole, currently used for treating gastroesophageal disease, by inhibiting PHOSPHO1 and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase could prevent hydroxyapatite-deposition disease and could serve as an adjunct treatment for osteoarthritis.
Herpesviruses as possible cofactors in HPV-16-related oncogenesis.
Authors: Szostek Slawa , Zawilinska Barbara , Kopec Jolanta , Kosz-Vnenchak Magdalena
Published: March 2019

Cervical carcinogenesis is a complex problem with papillomavirus widely accepted as a causative agent. Integration of a human papillomavirus (HPV) of the high-risk type into the host cell genome is one of the major contributing factors to cervical malignant transformation. In this study, the correlation of CMV, EBV, HSV-1, HSV-2, HHV-6 and HHV-7 infections with the physical status of the HPV genome in cervical cancer and precancerous cervical lesions was investigated in sixty HPV-16-positive women. Cervical secretion samples were submitted to DNA extraction and analyzed by PCR. HPV-16 DNA was confirmed in genotyping with the reverse hybridization line probe assay. Multiplex PCR with specific primers for the E2/E6 genes was used to assess the viral integration status of HPV-16. Our results show that CMV DNA was more frequently present in samples with mixed forms of HPV-16 than in the episomal form (P < 0.025). Such a correlation was also observed in the case of EBV (P < 0.005). The presence of CMV resulted in a six-fold (OR 6.069; 95% CI 1.91-19.22; P = 0.002), while EBV caused a seven-fold (OR 7.11; 95% CI 1.70-29.67; P = 0.007) increase in the risk of the integrated or mixed HPV-16 genome occurrence. Our data suggest that coinfection with herpesviruses, especially CMV and EBV, may be involved in the integration of the HPV-16 genome and may contribute to the development of cervical cancer.
Endothelium as target for large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel openers.
Authors: Wrzosek Antoni
Published: March 2019

The endothelium is a highly active organ responsible for vasculatory tone and structure, angiogenesis, as well as hemodynamic, humoral, and inflammatory responses. The endothelium is constantly exposed to blood flow, sheer stress and tension. Endothelial cells are present as a vasculature in every tissue of the body and react to and control its microenvironment. A variety of ion channels are present in the plasma membranes of endothelial cells. These include potassium channels such as inwardly rectifying potassium (K(ir)) channels, voltage-dependent (K(v)) channels, ATP-regulated potassium (K(ATP)) channels and three types of calcium-activated potassium channels (K(Ca)), the large (BK(Ca)), intermediate (IK(Ca)), and small (SK(Ca)) -conductance potassium channels. Potassium current plays a critical role in action potentials in excitable cells, in setting the resting membrane potential, and in regulating neurotransmitter release. Mitochondrial isoforms of potassium channel contribute to the cytoprotection of endothelial cells. Prominent among potassium channels are families of calcium-activated potassium channels, and especially large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. The modulation of BK(Ca) channels, which are voltage- and calcium-dependent, has been intensively studied. The BK(Ca) channels show large expression dynamics in endothelial cells and tissue-specific expression of large numbers of alternatively spliced isoforms. In this review, a few examples of the modulatory mechanisms and physiological consequences of the expression of BK(Ca) channels are discussed in relation to potential targets for pharmacological intervention.
TGF-beta(1), IL-10 and IL-4 in colostrum of allergic and nonallergic mothers.
Authors: Marek Andrzej , Zagierski Maciej , Liberek Anna , Aleksandrowicz Ewa , Korzon Michał , Krzykowski Grzegorz , Kamińska Barbara , Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz Agnieszka
Published: March 2019

To determine transforming growth factor (TGF) beta(1), interleukin (IL) 4, and IL-10 concentrations in human milk and to assess the relationship between allergic disorders in mothers and the content of the interleukins in their milk.
Thirty allergic and 46 healthy mothers were included in the study. Colostrum was collected 2-3 days after delivery. Cytokine concentrations were determined with commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent systems.
TGF-beta(1)was found in milk from 23 women in the control group (53.49%) and 11 in the allergy group (37.93%). When TGF-beta(1) was present, the median concentration was higher in the allergy group than in the control (61.5 and 30.4 pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.004). IL-10 was present in the colostrum of all the women and the median IL-10 concentration did not differ between the allergy (50.5 pg/mL) and control (51.5 pg/mL) groups. The probability of occurrence of a positive IL-4 value in the allergy group was greater than in the control group (chi-squared [df=1] = 2.60, P < 0.053). Median IL-4 level did not differ significantly between the two groups (0.5 and 0.5 pg/mL respectively).
TGF-beta(1) was detected less often in the colostrum of allergic mothers than in that of mothers without allergy (but the difference was not statistically significant). IL-4 was found more often in the colostrum of allergic mothers than nonallergic ones. The allergy status did not correlate with IL-10 concentration.
Governing the monomer-dimer ratio of human cystatin c by single amino acid substitution in the hinge region.
Authors: Szymańska Aneta , Radulska Adrianna , Czaplewska Paulina , Grubb Anders , Grzonka Zbigniew , Rodziewicz-Motowidło Sylwia
Published: March 2019

Three dimensional domain swapping is one of the mechanisms involved in formation of insoluble aggregates of some amyloidogenic proteins. It has been proposed that proteins able to swap domains may share some common structural elements like conformationally constrained flexible turns/loops. We studied the role of loop L1 in the dimerization of human cystatin C using mutational analysis. Introduction of turn-favoring residues such as Asp or Asn into the loop sequence (in position 57) leads to a significant reduction of the dimer fraction in comparison with the wild type protein. On the other hand, introduction of a proline residue in position 57 leads to efficient dimer formation. Our results confirm the important role of the loop L1 in the dimerization process of human cystatin C and show that this process can be to some extent governed by single amino acid substitution.
Determination of hydroperoxides in aqueous solutions containing surfactants by the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange method.
Authors: Meisner Piotr , Gebicki Jerzy L
Published: March 2019

Some surfactants widely used as additives in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic formulations are susceptible to peroxidation resulting in accumulation of hydroperoxides (HP). Our investigation was aimed to study the possible influence of different surfactants on the proportionality and reproducibility of the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange method developed originally for the determination of hydroperoxides. We also attempted to apply this method to determine hydroperoxides produced radiolytically in surfactant molecules. From our preliminary studies we conclude that the method can be applied for determination of hydroperoxides in systems containing non-ionic or anionic surfactants provided careful calibration is performed for each surfactant.
5',8-Cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) formation by gamma-radiation. Theoretical quantum mechanics study.
Authors: Karwowski Boleslaw T , Grand Andre , Cadet Jean
Published: March 2019

Reactions of reactive oxygen species and more specifically - of hydroxyl radical ((*)OH) - with nucleosides may lead to the generation of radicals in the base and 2-deoxyribose moieties. In the present study emphasis was put on the possible reaction modes of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA) radicals, leading to the formation of related 5',8-cyclonucleosides. It appears that the prerequisite for the formation of 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) is the adoption of O4'-exo conformation by 2-deoxyribose; however, this is the least energetically favored conformer among the different puckered forms adopted by the furanose ring. The O4'-exo conformation was found to be present in each of the discussed mechanisms.
Selenium supplementation to chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis does not induce the synthesis of plasma glutathione peroxidase.
Authors: Zachara Bronislaw A , Gromadzinska Jolanta , Zbrog Zbigniew , Swiech Rafal , Wasowicz Wojciech , Twardowska Ewa , Jablonska Ewa , Sobala Wojciech
Published: March 2019

Numerous authors have shown that selenium (Se) concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in plasma of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are lower than in healthy subjects, but there are only few publications on the level of GSH-Px protein in those patients and no reports on the effect of Se supplementation to HD patients on the level of this enzyme.
Se concentration and GSH-Px protein level in plasma were measured in a group of 30 CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD) supplemented with 200 microg Se/day for 3 months, and 28 patients on HD administered with placebo. Se concentration was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and plasma GSH-Px protein level by the sandwich ELISA method using polyclonal antibody specific for human plasma GSH-Px.
Se concentration in patients on placebo did not change throughout the 3-month study period, but increased significantly in Se supplemented group. Se supplementation to CKD patients on HD had no effect on the level of GSH-Px protein.
The lack of GSH-Px protein in CKD patients on HD is not linked to Se deficiency since the level of this element increased after Se supplementation while enzyme protein level did not change. The damaged kidney of HD patients is unable to synthesize GSH-Px, even after induction with selenium.
Practical highly enantioselective synthesis of (R)- and (S)-(E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal.
Authors: Komisarski Marek , Kaczmarska Zuzanna , Kuśmierek Jarosław T
Published: March 2019

Oxidative stress enhances lipid peroxidation (LPO) implicated in cancer promotion and progression. (E)-4-Hydroxynon-2-enal 1 (trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, HNE) is one of the most abundant products of LPO. Reactions of HNE with DNA and proteins are responsible for its mutagenic and toxic effects. On the other hand, HNE is regarded as a key molecule in stress mediated cell cycle signaling. LPO generates racemic HNE (rac-1); however, it is expected that the individual enantiomers will behave differently in their interactions with cell components. The study of HNE stereochemistry in its chemical and biochemical interactions is hindered by the lack of expedient methods for preparation of pure enantiomers. This study presents one step synthesis of HNE in a cross-metathesis reaction between the commercially available oct-1-en-3-ol and acrolein in the presence of 2nd generation Grubbs catalyst. The use in the metathesis reaction of enantiomers of oct-1-en-3-ol obtained via Candida antarctica lipase resolution of the racemate allowed us to prepare of 4-(R)- and 4-(S)-enantiomers of HNE (R-1 and S-1, respectively) with excellent optical purity (97.5 and 98.4% ee, respectively) and good chemical yields (70%).
Relevance of a French National Database Dedicated to Infection Prevention and Control (NosoBase®): A Three-Step Quality Evaluation of a Specialized Bibliographic Database
Authors: Ting Trouilloud Kae , Sanlaville Nathalie , Yvars Sandrine , Savey Anne
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Objective – NosoBase® is a collection of documentation centres with a national bibliographic database dedicated to infection prevention and control (IPC), with over 20 years of experience in France. As a quality assurance activity, this study was conducted in 2017 with a three-step approach to evaluate the bibliographic database regarding (1) the availability and coverage of citations; (2) the scope and relevance of content; and (3) the quality of the documentation centre services.
Methods – The three-step quality approach involved (1) evaluating the availability and coverage of citations in NosoBase® by searching for the bibliographic citations of three systematic reviews on hand hygiene practices, published recently in three different peer-reviewed international journals; (2) evaluating the scope and relevance of content in NosoBase® by searching for all documents from 2015 indexed in NosoBase® under hand hygiene related keywords, and analyzing according to publication language, document type (e.g., legislation, research, or guidelines), and target audience; and 3) evaluating the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities of the documentation centre services, with interviews involving the librarians.
Results – NosoBase® contained 70.8%-80.9% of references directly concerning hand hygiene cited by the three systematic reviews. Of the 200 articles indexed in NosoBase® under hand hygiene related keywords in 2015, 22.5% were French language based, with a significant representation of French non-indexed literature. The analysis of the documentation centre services highlighted future opportunities for growth, building on the strengths of experience and collaborations, to improve marketing and usability, targeting francophone IPC professionals.
Conclusion – Specialized bibliographic databases may be useful and time efficient for the retrieval of relevant specialized content. NosoBase® has significant relevance to French and francophone healthcare professionals in its representation of French documentation and healthcare literature not otherwise indexed internationally. NosoBase® needs to highlight its resources and adapt its services to allow easier access to its content.
REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DOS ALUNOS SOBRE PESQUISA COMO PRINCÍPIO EDUCATIVO
Authors: Silveira Felipe Fabri , Pereira Antonio Serafim
Published: March 2019

O presente trabalho resultante do projeto PIBIC/UNESC, analisou as representações sociais dos alunos do colégio de uma universidade do sul catarinense sobre pesquisa escolar. Para a análise dos dados, tomamos os seguintes autores como referência: Moscovici (2000), Demo (1990, 1994, 2007), Beillerot (2001), entre outros. Inicialmente procedemos a análise documental do projeto político pedagógico do colégio em questão no que se refere à pesquisa escolar. As representações sociais dos alunos (Ensino Fundamental, 8º e 9º anos) foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas. Além disso, nos valemos de questionário sobre suas vivências escolares em relação à pesquisa, visando ampliar e aprofundar os dados coletados anteriormente. Do processo analítico empreendido, algumas questões, que a literatura vem apontando, entre elas, a internet/livro didático como fonte de coleta de dados e atribuição de nota como objetivo precípuo da pesquisa em detrimento do aprender a pesquisar, foram confirmadas. As representações sociais dos alunos, no entanto, nos possibilitaram captar possibilidades significativas em relação às experiências a eles oportunizadas no campo da pesquisa como: o aprofundamento crítico relativo aos temas estudados, a oportunidade oferecida pela pesquisa de relacionar os conteúdos das disciplinas com a realidade social, incluindo a experiência da elaboração de texto de forma mais autoral.Palavras – chave: Representações sociais; Pesquisa; Alunos; Ensino Fundamental.
Innowacje a odnawialne źródła energii. Porównanie siłowni wiatrowych o pionowej i poziomej osi obrotu
Authors: Hamerla Ewa
Published: March 2019

Jednym z największych problemów współczesnej gospodarki jest wyczerpywanie się tradycyjnych źródeł energii. Również dla Unii Europejskiej jest to bardzo ważny temat, dlatego też rozwój energetyki odnawialnej stał się jednym z priorytetów strategii „Europa 2020”. Artykuł jest próbą zobrazowania innowacyjności (będącej również jednym z filarów wspomnianej wyżej strategii) sektora energetyki odnawialnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem siłowni wiatrowych. Jego głównym celem jest przedstawienie opłacalności wykorzystania nowoczesnych rozwiązań przez porównanie efektywności energetycznej siłowni wiatrowych o poziomej osi obrotu i tych o osi pionowej, ze wskazaniem, które rozwiązanie jest lepsze, bardziej opłacalne. Artykuł przedstawia wnioski, które były możliwe do zaprezentowania dzięki analizie przyczynowo-skutkowej oraz analizie dokumentów źródłowych, aktów prawnych i danych statystycznych. Podstawowymi narzędziami stosowanymi w pracy są metody indukcji i dedukcji.
Zarządzanie logistyką miejską na rzecz niepełnosprawnych na przykładzie Częstochowy
Authors: Kabus Judyta , Nowakowska-Grunt Joanna
Published: March 2019

Dostosowanie miasta do potrzeb osób niepełnosprawnych jest wyzwaniem obecnych czasów. Miasta, chcąc sprostać wymaganiom tej grupy mieszkańców, tworzą lokalne programy rozwoju uwzględniające ich potrzeby. Częstochowa w latach 2014–2020 działania te realizuje w ramach Programu Działań na Rzecz Osób Niepełnosprawnych „CZĘSTOCHOWA NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNYM”. Program ten skierowany jest do niepełnosprawnych oraz ich rodzin. Jest on ważny społecznie również ze względu na rosnącą liczbę seniorów. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest prezentacja polityki socjalnej miasta Częstochowa względem osób z niepełnosprawnością. Autorki dokonały analizy strategii logistyki miejskiej wobec potrzeb niepełnosprawnych mieszkańców. Praca ma charakter przeglądowy. Wykorzystana w niej została literatura z zakresu organizacji i zarządzania oraz dane statystyczno-administracyjne dla miasta Częstochowa.
PENERAPAN METODE PEER GROUP TEACHING DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Muslim Muslim , Andrizal Andrizal
Published: March 2019

The development of quality education in the teaching and learning process must be able to choose and apply various approaches and methods to improve student learning achievement. The quality of learning achievement of students in Islamic Education (PAI) subjects with scores below the KKM (Not Complete) reaches 70%. Even though the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) of PAI subjects in class VIII 2 of Kuantan Hilir 1 Junior High School are 77. Therefore, this study was tried to deal with the problem of low student learning outcomes. One method that can be applied is the Peer Group Teaching method. The Peer Group Teaching method provides an opportunity for students who have completed learning to provide assistance to their peers, so they will not be awkward to ask if something is unclear.
 The purpose of this study were: (1) to determine the application of the Peer Group Teaching method in PAI Subjects in Class VIII 2 of Kuantan Hilir 1 Junior High School, (2) to find out the application of the Peer Group Teaching method to improve results student learning in PAI learning in class VIII 2 of Kuantan Hilir 1 Junior High School.

 This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design of 3 cycles, namely pre-cycle, Cycle I and Cycle II. Each cycle consists of one meeting and four stages, namely: (1) action planning stage; (2) the stage of implementation of the action; (3) observation stage; (4) Analysis and reflection stages. The target of this study was class VIII 2 of Kuantan Hilir 1 Junior High School. Meanwhile, the data obtained in the form of the results of competency test and observation of group learning activities.

 From the results of research data analysis, PAI learning with the use of the Peer Group Teaching method (peer tutoring) can improve student learning outcomes. This is evident from 30 students, 26 students (87%) have reached the specified KKM, 77, although there are 4 (13%) students who have not achieved individual completeness. But this has exceeded the set of success indicators as many as 80% of students reach KKM (Completed).

 However, it seems that further efforts are still needed in empowering student learning outcomes in the school. The teacher is expected to deliver material not only with oral and monotonous information but also by using various learning methods. In addition, it is expected that this learning model can be used as one of the PAI learning alternatives because with this method students become more active in thinking and doing during teaching and learning activities.

Keywords: Peer Group Teaching Method; Learning Outcomes; Islamic Education
MODEL-MODEL PERKEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN BTQ DI TPQ/TPA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kusuma Yuanda
Published: March 2019

Along with the development of the times, more and more alquran literacy needs. The demands of alquran's literacy skills have become one of the spreading phenomena. Therefore, there is a non-formal education institution which is usually called the Alquran Education Park. Al-quran education parks are almost in every area and have a variety of alquran literacy learning methods. These methods vary both from the principle, characteristics, methods and stages. So with the diversity of methods, TPQ institutions can adapt to the needs and characteristics of students, The diversity of these methods is also considered to be able to complement the deficiencies of the methods with each other. This paper seeks to describe the models for the development of BTQ learning in TPQ / TPA in Indonesia. . The results of this paper will, be insightful while discourse and early action to develop BTQ learning in Islamic education institutions.

Keywords: al-Qur’an literacy; BTQ learning; al-Qur’an Education Park (TPQ)
Universidad, entre Poiesis y Politeia
Authors: Pérez Fabián Alonso , Franco Montoya Juan Carlos
Published: March 2019

Este manuscrito pretende plantear dos ideas: la primera problematiza el origen de la universidad en tanto creación humana en sentido pragmático (Kant, 1800), para luego abordarlo en perspectiva histórica desde tres momentos: Medieval, Clásico y Ancestral, retomando autores como Rashdal (1895),  Haskings (1923), Ureña (1919), Ribeiro (1971) y Dussel (2004); posteriormente se plantea el origen de la universidad más allá de su historicidad, en el interior del ser humano como cultivo de la virtud y el conocimiento poiesis en Platón (380 a.C/1999). La segunda idea implica comprender que desde su origen la universidad como politeia desde la apropiación de algunos planteamientos aristotélicos (s,f/1883) y arendtianos (1997), ha posibilitado pensarse como un escenario de movilización social o continuidad del orden social establecido, donde se reflexiona críticamente en la necesidad de actualización de la universidad entre poiesis y politeia como potencia para recuperar su sentido primigenio, en tanto actitud que brota del interior del ser humano.
The Vacuum Polarization Paradox and Its Solution
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: March 2019

In this article various heuristic approaches are discussed to solve the dark matter phenomenon by the concept of vacuum polarization. They are compared with a more fundamental approach, based upon an entropy model of the visible universe. They all make use of some kind of gravitational dipole. These dipoles seem to violate Einstein’s equivalence principle between inertial mass and gravitational mass. It is shown how the paradox can be solved by a quantum mechanical principle.
Effect of Gallium Incorporation on the Properties of ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Kurtaran Sema , Aldağ Serhat , Öföfoğlu Göksu
Published: March 2019

Ga doped ZnO thin films were formed by the Ultrasonic Chemical Spray Pyrolysis method onto substrates using zinc acetate and gallium (III) nitrate hydrate as precursors. The structural, optical, surface and electrical properties were studied as a function of increasing Ga doping concentration from 0 to 6 at %. Structural studies were shown polycrystalline with a hexagonal crystal structure. The transparency in the visible range was around 85% for thin film deposited using 6 at % Ga doping. With the aim of determining surface images and surface roughness of the films atomic force microscope images were taken. Ga doping of ZnO thin films could markedly decrease surface roughness. Electrical resistivity was determined by four point method. The resistivity 2.0% Ga doped ZnO film was the lowest resistivity of 1.7 cm. In the photoluminescence measurements of the films, existence of UV and defect emission band was observed. As a result, Ga doped ZnO films have advanced properties and promising materials for solar cells.
Ruderal Plants in Urban and Sub-Urban Walls and Roofs
Authors: Meral Alperen , Yalçınalp Emrah
Published: March 2019

Objective: Main purpose of this study is to identify the ruderal plant species which spontaneously grows on the wall and roof surfaces in urban and sub-urban areas due to their limited ecological needs and to contribute to the creating of the sustainable green areas in urban environments by understanding the parameters that ruderals depend on while they require little maintenance and irrigation support if not no. Material and Methods: The main material of this study is the ruderal plants which were collected from totally 60 walls and 36 roof surfaces within six districts of Trabzon city –Akçaabat, Arsin, Çaykara, Of, Ortahisar and Yomra in Turkey. From these 96 habitats, 1540 plants samples form the walls and 448 plant samples from the roofs were collected. All the plant samples collected from the research area were identified in the herbarium of the faculty of forestry in Karadeniz Technical University. Apart from this, parametres affecting coverage rate of common species on three different habitats were analysed.Results: It was found that 448 samples from the roof surfaces distributed into 61 species while 1540 samples from the walls distributed into 196 species. Plus, according to the analyses, 28 species were found on all three different habitats. As a result of the observations, measurements and analyses, it is clear from the study that coverage rate of the plant species depends on anthropogenic interaction, daylight period and depth of the media but there is no relation with the number of the species on the surfaces.Conclusion: Ruderal plants are definitely important to study on, if the world wants the term sustainability to find its real meaning as they require nearly nothing to grow in hard conditions. In urban life, maintenance is getting more and more expensive for green areas in urban life and this makes it difficult for them to survive especially when cities have limited budget on this, which has often occurred all over the world recently. There is no doubt that ruderal plants offer a great opportunity for modern era urban areas with their limited needs to grow in hard conditions. Furthermore, when thinking about the fact a serious amount of the ruderal plants detected on all three basic habitats has a great landscape plant characteristics, the approaches to their usage in urban areas are really critical.   
Stress Energy Quantum Tensor : Linear Approximation of the Einstein’s Equations and Equivalence with the Klein-Gordon’s equation
Authors: Baudrimont Roman
Published: March 2019

Our goal in this paper is to study the relationship between the linear approximation of Einstein's equations to the Klein-Gordon’s equation. The part one presents what the Klein-Gordon’s equation and the integration of the theory of quantum information in it. The Part two deals with the Stress Energy tensor quantum, wherein the detail I linearized gravity of Einstein equation, and wherein I develop the tensor quantum energy pulse from the equivalence of equation einstein the linearized gravity and the Schrödinger equation relativistic described by Klein-Gordon’s equation.