bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal multiomics analysis of aggressive pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: comparing primary and recurrent tumors from the same patient, reveals genomic stability and heterogeneous transcriptomic profiles with alterations in metabolic pathways
Authors: Taniguchi-Ponciano Keiko , Hinojosa-Alvarez Silvia , Hernandez-Perez Jesus , Chavez-Santoscoy Rocio A. , Remba-Shapiro Ilan , Guinto Gerardo , Magallon-Gayon Erika , Telles-Ramirez Benjamin , de Leon-Conconi Rodrigo Ponce , Vela-Patiño Sandra , Andonegui-Elguera Sergio , Cano-Zaragoza Amayrani , Martinez-Mendoza Florencia , Kerbel Jacobo , Loza-Mejia Marco , Rodrigo-Salazar Juan , Mendez-Perez Alonso , Aguilar-Flores Cristina , Chavez-Gonzalez Antonieta , Ortiz-Reyes Elenka , Gomez-Apo Erick , Bonifaz Laura C. , Marrero-Rodriguez Daniel , Mercado Moises
Published: August 2024

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) represent the vast majority of sellar masses. Some behave aggressively, growing rapidly and invading surrounding tissues, with high rates of recurrence and resistance to therapy. Our aim was to establish patterns of genomic, transcriptomic and methylomic evolution throughout time in primary and recurrent tumors from the same patient. Therefore, we performed transcriptome- and exome-sequencing and methylome microarrays of aggressive, primary, and recurrent PitNET from the same patient. Primary and recurrent tumors showed a similar exome profile, potentially indicating a stable genome over time. In contrast, the transcriptome of primary and recurrent PitNET was dissimilar. Gonadotroph, silent corticotroph, as well as metastatic corticotroph and a somatotroph PitNET expressed genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling, glycerophospholipid and phospholipase D signaling, respectively. Diacylglycerol kinase gamma (DGKG), a key enzyme in glycerophospholipid metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways, was differentially expressed between primary and recurrent PitNET. These alterations did not seem to be regulated by DNA methylation, but rather by several transcription factors. Molecular docking showed that dasatinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, could target DGKG. Dasatinib induced apoptosis and decreased proliferation in GH3 cells. Our data indicate that pituitary tumorigenesis could be driven by transcriptomically heterogeneous clones, and we describe alternative pharmacological therapies for aggressive and recurrent PitNET.
Deciphering glial contributions to CSF1R-related disorder via single-nuclear transcriptomic profiling: a case study
Authors: Pan Jie , Fores-Martos Jaume , Delpirou Nouh Claire , Jensen Tanner D. , Vallejo Kristen , Cayrol Romain , Ahmadian Saman , Ashley Euan A. , Greicius Michael D. , Cobos Inma
Published: August 2024

CSF1R-related disorder (CSF1R-RD) is a neurodegenerative condition that predominantly affects white matter due to genetic alterations in the CSF1R gene, which is expressed by microglia. We studied an elderly man with a hereditary, progressive dementing disorder of unclear etiology. Standard genetic testing for leukodystrophy and other neurodegenerative conditions was negative. Brain autopsy revealed classic features of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP), including confluent white matter degeneration with axonal spheroids and pigmented glial cells in the affected white matter, consistent with CSF1R-RD. Subsequent long-read sequencing identified a novel deletion in CSF1R that was not detectable with short-read exome sequencing. To gain insight into potential mechanisms underlying white matter degeneration in CSF1R-RD, we studied multiple brain regions exhibiting varying degrees of white matter pathology. We found decreased CSF1R transcript and protein across brain regions, including intact white matter. Single nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) identified two disease-associated microglial cell states: lipid-laden microglia (expressing GPNMB, ATG7, LGALS1, LGALS3) and inflammatory microglia (expressing IL2RA, ATP2C1, FCGBP, VSIR, SESN3), along with a small population of CD44+ peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages exhibiting migratory and phagocytic signatures. GPNMB+ lipid-laden microglia with ameboid morphology represented the end-stage disease microglia state. Disease-associated oligodendrocytes exhibited cell stress signatures and dysregulated apoptosis-related genes. Disease-associated oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) displayed a failure in their differentiation into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, as evidenced by upregulated LRP1, PDGFRA, SOX5, NFIA, and downregulated NKX2-2, NKX6.2, SOX4, SOX8, TCF7L2, YY1, ZNF488. Overall, our findings highlight microglia–oligodendroglia crosstalk in demyelination, with CSF1R dysfunction promoting phagocytic and inflammatory microglia states, an arrest in OPC differentiation, and oligodendrocyte depletion.
The association between the Helicobacter pylori infection and the occurrence of gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kohnepoushi Parisa , Mansouri Rozhin , Moghaddam Ali Baradaran , Soheili Marzieh , Kohan Hamed Gilzad , Moradi Yousef
Published: August 2024

Background

This meta-analysis aims to establish a more precise association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence and H. pylori infection by amalgamating findings from prior case–control and cohort studies.

Methods

To identify relevant studies, we conducted a comprehensive search using the Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), PubMed (Medline), Web of Science (ISI), and Scopus from January 1990 to November 2022. The screening process involved reviewing the entire text, abstracts, and titles of retrieved articles. Subsequently, data extraction was performed from the selected articles, and their quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale checklist. Version 17 of STATA software was utilized for the analysis, with relative risks (RR) calculated along with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) to quantify the impact of the included studies.

Results

This meta-analysis included eight observational and analytical studies. The combined risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women with H. pylori infection was found to be 1.97 times higher compared to pregnant women without infection (RR: 1.97; 95% CI 1.57–2.47; I2 = 0.00%; P = 0.84).

Conclusion

Pregnant women with H. pylori infection are at an increased risk of developing gestational diabetes.
The Impact of Competitive Sports on the Mental Health of Young People
Authors: Józefiak Maciej , Sobkiewicz Piotr , Niekurzak Karolina , Jędrak Maciej , Flis Blanka
Published: August 2024

Introduction
Mental health is a crucial component of overall well-being for everyone, and it becomes particularly important in the context of young student-athletes who must simultaneously meet educational and athletic challenges. Athletes, like their peers, struggle with various mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, eating disorders, sleep deficits, burnout, and overtraining. The additional activity of engaging in competitive sports, compared to those who do not, can exacerbate these symptoms.
The aim of study

Identify and analyze specific sources of stress and mental health issues among young student-athletes and young individuals.
Compare different research groups.

Conclusion
Student-athletes face the unique challenge of balancing intense training and sports competitions with educational demands. The constant pursuit of peak performance and coping with high expectations can lead to significant psychological stress. Factors such as injuries, overtraining, social identity issues, and sleep problems further impact their mental health, often leading to the development or worsening of existing mental health issues. It is important to note that professional psychological care is essential in managing the training schedule of a young athlete. For their development to be balanced across various dimensions such as proper physical growth, well-being, and mental wellness, this support is crucial.
Optimizing Physical Activity for Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: Strategies and Risks
Authors: Przybysz Paulina , Kucharska Maja , Kruszewski Adrian , Szyszka Monika , Kwiliński Kacper , Paduszyńska Natalia , Dąbrowska Anna , Błaszczak Karolina , Wawrzyńska Barbara
Published: August 2024

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, necessitating lifelong insulin therapy. This study explores the impact of physical activity on glycemic control and overall health in individuals with T1DM. Despite its proven benefits, including improved cardiovascular health, lower HbA1c levels, and reduced insulin requirements, over 60% of T1DM patients do not engage in regular exercise. Different types of physical activities—such as aerobic, anaerobic, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT)—affect metabolic responses differently. Aerobic exercises and HIIT have shown significant improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and reduced incidence of severe complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. However, exercise-induced hypoglycemia remains a significant risk, especially if exercise follows recent severe hypoglycemic episodes. Proper management strategies include adjusting insulin doses, monitoring glucose levels, and carbohydrate intake. The study highlights the importance of tailored exercise plans and preventive measures to mitigate risks such as nocturnal hypoglycemia and elevated ketones. Ultimately, effective integration of physical activity into diabetes management can lead to enhanced overall health and quality of life for individuals with T1DM.
Meniscus Tears in Climbing - a Triviality or Serious Concern?
Authors: Latour Marianna Ewa , Latour Emilia
Published: August 2024

Introduction
In the past few years, the popularity of climbing and the number of its new recreational enthusiasts increased. It became clear that there are more types of trauma than finger injuries that should be commonly associated with the sport. This overview focuses on meniscus tears as a prevalent underestimated complaint of climbers.
Aim of the studyWe aim to bring attention to meniscus lesions and deal with mechanisms of knee injury in climbing while considering the current views on the structure, function, types of lesions, treatment methods, and results in light of topical literature.
Materials and methodsThe methodology for the literature search involved using the keywords: ''meniscus tears'', ''climbing injury'', ''bouldering'', ''arthroscopy'', and ''meniscus repair''. The phrases were searched in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.
ConclusionsWe concluded that climbers should recognise acute and chronic meniscus lesions as a concern requiring training breaks, possibly further diagnosis, and adequate treatments. Moreover, awareness of the risk of this type of injury in climbing should be raised, and preventive action should be taken to limit the number of new cases.
Impact of physical activity on menopausal symptoms and health in middle-aged women
Authors: Ciułek Urszula , Bilska Wiktoria , Żydek Ada , Zduńczyk Wiktoria , Dobosz Anna , Dubińska Michalina , Paduch-Jakubczyk Wiktoria
Published: August 2024

The aim of this article is to review and analyze what is known about the effects of physical activity on the physical and mental health of menopausal women, and to summarize general recommendations for women at this time.
Studies show that physical activity can lead to a reduction in the severity of symptoms associated with menopause. The enhanced quality of life is also due to the beneficial effects of physical activity on a woman's metabolism. Regular exercise leads to a normalization of lipid metabolism, a reduction in body fat, an improvement in bone density and, therefore, the avoidance of osteoporosis.
Synthesis and Characterization of Colloidal Silver nanoparticles of about 16 nm Diameter by a Chemical Reduction Method
Authors: Biswas Arpita
Published: August 2024

The vast use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in rapidly growing number of biomedical applications and sensing has given the importance of different synthetic methods for the preparation of AgNPs. Threre are lots of effective synthetic procedure that are lacking to synthesize nanoparticles with maintaining proper size and shape in colloidal medium. Here in this article synthesis of colloidal AgNPs and its characterization is described. The sizes of the synthesized AgNPs were of about 16±2 nm. Some important modern techniques like UV vis spectroscopy, powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used for proper characterization synthesized colloidal AgNPs. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were used to synthesize colloidal AgNPs where the later one plays vital dual role by reducing AgNO3 and giving stabilization of synthesized nanoparticles.
Exploring Benzimidazole Chemistry: Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies for Alzheimer's Treatment
Authors: Dadhich Isha Ajeet , Panchal Neil Biren , Dadhich Khushi Ajeet , Dadhich Chhatta Siddhartha
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a significant global health challenge, creating an urgent need for new therapeutic agents. This study explores benzimidazole derivatives as promising candidates for AD treatment. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of these compounds, focusing on their structure-activity relationship (SAR) in combating AD. The detailed SAR analysis identifies the structural features that enhance therapeutic effectiveness, guiding the design of a series of novel benzimidazole-based molecules.
These compounds were thoroughly studied using computational methods, including molecular docking, to predict their binding affinities and interactions with AD-related targets. We also assessed the pharmacokinetic properties, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), of the designed compounds to ensure they exhibit favorable drug-like properties and good bioavailability. The molecular docking studies provided valuable insights into how benzimidazole derivatives interact with key enzymes involved in AD, such as acetylcholinesterase and beta-secretase.
Our findings highlight the potential of benzimidazole derivatives as potent anti-Alzheimer agents, offering a promising path for therapeutic development. By integrating SAR analysis, computational modeling, pharmacokinetic profiling, and molecular docking studies, we have established a solid framework for identifying effective compounds for AD treatment. This comprehensive approach not only enhances our understanding of benzimidazole derivatives but also sets the stage for future in vivo studies and clinical trials, ultimately aiming to reduce the global burden of Alzheimer’s disease.
Advances in Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskites Synthesis, Structural, Optical, and Photovoltaic Insights
Authors: Verma Aloke , Jain Swapnil
Published: August 2024

This study examines the structural, optical, and morphological characteristics of Methylammonium lead halide perovskites (MAPbX3) as potential solar cell candidates. Variable band gaps, extended carrier lifetimes, high absorption coefficients, and solution-processable synthesis techniques are among the numerous advantages of these perovskites. The Hot-Injection Method (HIM) is employed in the study to further investigate the unique properties of MAPbX3 perovskites, which is cost-effective and does not require vacuum. MAPbBr3 and MAPbCl3 crystallize in a cubic phase, whereas MAPbI3 crystallizes in a tetragonal phase. The halide versions exhibit morphological differences, with MAPbCl3 exhibiting cubic nanocrystals, MAPbI3 forming a combination of rods and spherical nanocrystals, and MAPbBr3 exhibiting particulate structures. TRPL experiments indicate carrier lifetimes between 1.72 and 7.65 ns, while UV-Vis spectroscopy indicates a blue shift in absorption band edges from MAPbI3 to MAPbCl3. MAPbI3, the most promising candidate for solar cell applications, produces a PCE of 13.66% at a thickness of 250 nm, in contrast to MAPbBr3 and MAPbCl3, which produce 6.87% and 4.98% at a thickness of 500 nm, respectively. This research establishes a thorough comprehension of the structural, optical, and morphological properties of MAPbX3 perovskites, thereby facilitating the advancement of perovskite solar cell technology and the creation of more cost-effective solar energy solutions.
Synthesis and Spectral Analysis of Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Chalcone Derivatives
Authors: Kadam Prasad D. , Nagargoje Ganpat R. , Bondge Abhay S. , Momin Kalimoddin I. , Panchgalle Sharad P. , More Vijaykumar S.
Published: August 2024

In this research, we conducted the synthesis of derivatives (2a-c) derived from 4-fluoro-3-methylacetophenone (FMAP) (1) using aldol condensation with substituteddibromobenzaldehydes (a-c). The condensation process occurred in ethanol with the presence of a base, leading to the creation of chalcone derivatives (2a-c). These chalcones serve as crucial intermediates for the production of a diverse array of heterocyclic products. Upon reaction with hydrazine, pyrazol derivatives (3a-c) were obtained, while the use of hydroxylamine hydrochloride resulted in the formation of isoxazole (4a-c). Additionally, the reaction with urea produced oxazine derivatives (5a-c). We characterized all these compounds using spectral techniques, monitoring their reactions through TLC and measuring melting points. Subsequently, we assessed the biological activity of these compounds against two distinct bacterial strains.
CORESS Feedback: Cases from the Confidential Reporting System for Surgery
Authors: Corbett H
Published: August 2024

CORESS is an independent charity, supported by AXA Health, the MDU and the Kirby Laing Foundation. We are grateful to those who have provided the material for these reports. The online reporting form is available via the CORESS app and on the website ( coress.org.uk ), which also includes previous Feedback reports. Published cases are acknowledged by a Certificate of Contribution, which may be included in the contributor’s record of continuing professional development, or which may form part of appraisal or annual review of competence progression portfolio documentation. Contributions from surgeons in training are particularly welcome.
First fast food, then fast fashion and now ‘ fast health’: how the evolution of medical tourism is rewriting healthcare globally
Authors: Kaur Vasha
Published: August 2024

How do we address the surge in medical tourism?
Caveat emptor!
Authors: Mitchell Tim
Published: August 2024

It is important for patients to understand the risks of health tourism.
The rising trend of health tourism in bariatric surgery
Authors: Aggarwal R , Ahmed AR
Published: August 2024

Why are more and more patients choosing to undergo procedures abroad?
Child medical tourism
Authors: Dean E
Published: August 2024

We look at some of the reasons behind parents choosing to pursue healthcare for their children outside the UK.
Severe obesity and current treatment in the UK: a call for radical reshaping of services
Authors: Byrne J
Published: August 2024

How can we tackle the rise in obesity in the UK and improve available treatments for patients?
Health tourism: cosmetic surgery
Authors: Nugent N
Published: August 2024

The key differences in cosmetic surgery in the UK and overseas, and what to be aware of when considering a procedure abroad.
Health tourism in orthopaedic surgery: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Khan T
Published: August 2024

A look at the benefits and disadvantages of orthopaedic medical tourism.
Breaking the silence on sexual misconduct in surgery: one year on
Authors: Newlands C , Jackson P , Cuming T ,   on behalf of the Working Party on Sexual Misconduct in Surgery
Published: August 2024

A year after publication of the Breaking the Silence report, the authors share the progress made and discuss what still needs to be done by us all.
Cyberchondria and the surgeon
Authors: Batura D
Published: August 2024

We explore the myriad impacts of patient cyberchondria on a surgeon's practice and wellbeing and how to address this phenomenon.
The role of the MSRA in core surgical recruitment: are we selecting the right future surgeons?
Authors: Merrison H
Published: August 2024

Read the winning submission for the ASiT Essay Prize, which explores the effectiveness of the MSRA in assessing surgical suitability.
An interview with Dr Dennis Mazingi
Authors: Bandyopadhyay S
Published: August 2024

We talk to Dr Dennis Mazingi about his surgical career in Zimbabwe, working in different countries and his views on the rise in health tourism.
Life outside clinical medicine (and the UK): an interview with Dr Jason Arora
Authors: Dobbs Tom
Published: August 2024

Our technology editor talks to Dr Jason Arora about pursuing a career outside of clinical medicine.
Surgical training in the colony: an Indigenous perspective
Authors: Cain JN
Published: August 2024

How does surgical training compare in an Indigenous colony?
Global surgery and public health in aesthetics
Authors: Zargaran A , Zargaran D , Davies J , Woollard A , Mosahebi A
Published: August 2024

Leveraging international collaboration and innovation to improve patient safety.
Surgical training challenges and improvements: insights from specialty association presidents
Authors: El Boghdady M
Published: August 2024

Why did you enter training? What changes would you like to see? Leading surgeons in training share their thoughts and ideas.
The non-financial cost of surgical training: why championing wellbeing matters
Authors: Garau R
Published: August 2024

We look at the ASiT findings on the impact of surgical training on trainees’ mental and physical health.
Technology-enhanced assessment of surgical training
Authors: Harris M , Burke J , Yassin N
Published: August 2024

What role does technology play in ensuring that training is delivered effectively to the next generation of surgeons?
Innovating in sustainability research: grassroot approaches to carbon footprinting
Authors: Glynou SP , Ahmed Z , Zargaran A , Zargaran D , Mosahebi A
Published: August 2024

How process mapping can be used to create and improve sustainable surgical practices.
Metamorphosis of Warfare
Authors: Shahzad Aneela
Published: August 2024

While humans are imperfect, machines have their limitations, too. Though humans cannot match the speed and accuracy of machines, the ideology, pride and will to dominate and rule are qualities only attributed to humans. The latter’s capability to change and evolve, opens new vistas of opportunities, innovations, integrations, and alignments, such as to deceive, distract, and defile the most invincible assailant. In this context, the fifth generation warfare marks a shift from conventional Clauswitzian understanding of war to the battle of ‘information and perception’. As for the generational concept in warfare, it depicts the evolution of war tactics enabled by advances in science and the accompanying growth in the sophistication of warfare tools. Today warfare relies less on the use of brute force and focuses more on non-kinetic means such as narrative, perception management, and asymmetric conflict to achieve political ends. This paper looks at the evolution of warfare from first to fifth generation. It also explores the latest war trends in land and air warfare and analyzes the hybrid and ‘Everywhere Battlefield’, which though marks technical superiority, yet points to a decline in humanity and human values.
Novel Ni(II) and Zn(II) Schiff base metal chelates as promising DNA binder, Antioxidant and Antifungal agents
Authors: Varshney Anshita , Mishra A. P.
Published: August 2024

Schiff base ligands and their 3d-metal chelates have gained significant attention due to various applications in various scientific platforms. Due to their chelating propensity, they possess a wide range of biological, biochemical, catalytic, clinical, dying, and pharmacological properties. Here, in present studies, two novel Ni(II) and Zn(II) transition metal chelates have been synthesized by condensing their metal salts with Schiff base ligand 4-chloro-2-(2,5-dimethoxybenzylideneamino)-5-nitrophenol originated from 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 2-amino-4-chloro-5-nitrophenol. The synthesized Schiff base ligand and its metal chelates have been Spectro-chemically examined by FT-IR, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, 1HNMR, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Powdered-XRD. These compounds are biologically reactive and exhibit antifungal, antioxidant, and DNA-binding activity. The Ni(II) metal chelate gives better biological activity than the Zn(II) metal chelate and parent Schiff base ligand.
Transition metal (II) complexes of 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-benzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide: synthesis, characterization and their biological evaluation
Authors: Sultana Sabiha , Akramullazi Al , Hossen Md. Faruk , Asraf Md. Ali , Zahan Md.Kudrat-E
Published: August 2024

The current study involved synthesizing Schiff base ligand, 2-(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (L) by combining thiosemicarbazide (Th) with 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (2,5-Dmb), and synthesizing its novel complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) ions. Elemental analysis, conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility, molecular weight estimations, FT-IR, ESI-Mass, and UV-Vis spectrum analysis have confirmed the ligand and its metal complexes. The experiment data demonstrated that the ligand binds to the metal atom in a bidentate manner through the N and S atoms. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized complexes was tested against brine shrimp. All the complexes showed cytotoxic activity; among them, ligands showed a better result with LC50 value of 36.93 µg/mL than complexes. Using disc diffusion, the antibacterial action was tested against two Gram-positive bacteria and two Gram-negative bacteria. [Ni(L)2] was more effective against E. coli than the other compounds. The results verified the formation of the novel complexes, and the Ni-complex has the potential to generate novel antibacterial compounds for use in biomedical applications.
X-Ray study of Mo-W-O, Ti-W-O and Cu-W-O catalysts
Authors: Aghayeva Kamalya Kheybar , Iskandarova Turana Alish , Guliyeva Afet Yusif , Madatova Farida Zaid , Baghiyev Vagif
Published: August 2024

An X-ray study of the phase composition of Mo-W-O, Ti-W-O, and Cu-W-O catalysts was carried out. Analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns of the Mo-W-O catalytic system showed that in all samples, mainly the phases of molybdenum and tungsten oxides, namely MoO3 and WO3, are formed. It is shown that, in contrast to Mo-W-O catalysts, in addition to the initial titanium and tungsten oxides, the samples of the Ti-W-O catalytic system also contain phases of chemical compounds. So, in Ti-W-O samples, there are phases of titanium oxide (anatase), titanium oxide (rutile), and tungsten oxide. It has been established that the degree of crystallinity of binary titanium-tungsten oxide samples decreases with increasing titanium content in the catalyst composition from 83.4% to 70.2%. In the case of copper-tungsten oxide catalysts, in addition to the initial oxides of copper and tungsten also contain phases of the chemical compound of copper tungstate, and crystallinity degrees of binary copper-tungsten oxide samples changes in the ranges from 85.7% to 41.3%.
Understanding practices and support needs of family caregivers of people with dementia in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Oyinlola Oluwagbemiga , Sussman Tamara , Iwuagwu Anthony
Published: August 2024

Caregiving for people with dementia is a growing challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where 60 per cent of people with dementia globally reside. Yet the experiences and needs of caregivers supporting this population in African regions have not received adequate policy and practice attention. As a first step toward addressing this issue, we aimed to describe key challenges and solutions, and attend to knowledge gaps related to the needs and experiences of caregivers of persons with dementia across Africa. Informed by Arskey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework, we conducted a scoping review of empirical literatures, without year restriction. We included studies focusing on family caregivers supporting people with dementia in Africa. We reviewed five databases and screened titles and abstracts using Rayyan before extracting full texts. Our initial search yielded 3,982 articles, of which 29 met the inclusion criteria.

Most of the selected dementia caregiving studies were conducted in South Africa, did not attend to the diverse ethnic beliefs and practices of the region in question and drew their samples from hospitals. While many studies explored caregiver support types, only a few focused on local support systems, like traditional and spiritual healing centres. Some studies addressed stigma and positive aspects of caregiving, offering insights for policy and practice. Future research should broaden regional and ethnic representation, investigate various support networks, such as community elders and healing centres, and examine the impact of local beliefs on stigma and caregiving positivity.
On Pandemics Being Productive
Authors: Troyer John
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: How can and do pandemic events become productive for everyday human experiences of death and dying? This social thought and commentary piece’s central argument examines the productive potential of pandemics, specifically COVID-19, by focusing on the early impact of the coronavirus in 2020 and its longer-term ripple effects. By grounding this personal essay in these early reflections on an extremely intense period of both personal and global chaos, it is possible to begin discussing what future historians, anthropologists, and academics in related fields might glimpse when looking backward. It is also important to begin understanding how future pandemic response plans will emerge, building on the failures of 2020, in order to manage yet unknown global pandemics. One key takeaway for this planning work is to avoid defaulting into the essay’s core theoretical point, a concept I call virological determinism, where societal inequalities amplifying pandemic-related effects are entirely blamed on a virus and not the underlying social conditions caused by government negligence. By reflecting on the productive possibilities created by pandemics, it is also then possible to begin understanding how many more people died during the early years of COVID-19 than ever needed to.
Binding in South Slavic and DP: A Data-Driven Approach
Authors: LaTerza Ivana , Osenova Petya , Karapejovski Boban
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This paper reports on a set of experiments designed to test the binding potential of prenominal possessives in Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbian. Despić (2013) argues that the differences in binding possibilities observed between English and Serbian provide support for the Parameterized DP Hypothesis (e.g., Fukui 1988; Zlatić 1997; Bošković 2003, 2005, 2008). LaTerza (2016) tests whether the claim holds true for two South Slavic DP-languages, Bulgarian and Macedonian, and concludes that it does not. Data provided in LaTerza 2016 is further discussed in Franks 2019. Based on three interesting observations—the use of a clitic vs. full pronoun, different binding behavior of pronominal and nominal possessives in Bulgarian, and acceptability judgments reported for Macedonian and Serbian—Franks (2019) concludes that Bulgarian and Macedonian have the same binding potentials as English, confirming Despić's original hypothesis. Srdanović and Rinke (2020) provide Serbian experimental data focusing on possessives in subject position and coreferential readings of pronouns in object positions. The authors show that Serbian allows coreferential readings just like English, especially when clitics are used. Our paper provides experimental data for Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbian. Our conclusions are that the three languages exhibit almost identical binding potentials. This finding is in line with the ones in Srdanović and Rinke 2020 since it also disproves the claim that the differences in binding result from the nominal structure present in a language: DP or NP.
The Syntax of Bulgarian edin 'one'
Authors: Molinari Luca
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The present paper aims at offering a syntactic model for the grammaticalization of the numeral edin 'one' in Bulgarian. Edin is argued to be at the beginning of the last stage of grammaticalization, i.e., the stage of the indefinite article (cf. Geist 2013). It may function as (i) a cardinal numeral; (ii) a specificity marker (individuating the referent); or (iii) an article-like element with non-referential interpretation in generic sentences. The proposal put forth here is that these different functions are the manifestation of three different structural positions: (i) the specifier of a functional projection (NumP) below the DP for the cardinal; (ii) SpecDP for the specific marker; and (iii) the head D for the article-like marker of genericity. This model represents a perfect linguistic cycle, which suggests that the present analysis may be on the right track.
Nothing but a Humbug: P.T. Barnum, Charles Dickens, and the Construction of National Identities in a Living Archive
Authors: Clayton Abby
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Even as the Victorians attempted to stabilize British national identity through institutional ownership of cultural property, Britishness remained a protean, imagined construct. This essay shows, through a new narrativization of the auction of Shakespeare's birthplace in 1847, that the purportedly kitschy and fake aspects of Barnumesque, new-money America were paradoxically also constitutive of Britain's own nationalism. In the spring of that year, newspapers advertised that Shakespeare's birthplace in Stratford-upon-Avon would soon go up for public auction. Rumours immediately began circulating that the American showman P.T. Barnum, who had recently barnstormed through England with the "Greatest Show on Earth," was intent on purchasing the birthplace for his menagerie of cultural oddities. In opposition to this foreign threat, a full-blown rescue campaign, driven by British media fearmongering, was launched in order to save Shakespeare's home "for the nation." Soon, these efforts drew in Britain's own premier showman of the 1840s, Charles Dickens. The nineteenth-century popular press's mythologization of these events, and the myth's subsequent recapitulation in the twenty-first century, is emblematic of the way national-infused archives wind and unwind in a double-spooled temporality. As I renarrativize archival materials associated with the auction of Shakespeare's birthplace, I proffer a different model of American and British nationalisms that points to their symbiotic development and perpetual reinvention. Ultimately, I suggest, we can learn from the Victorians' reinvention of their own history that the nineteenth-century archive is not a stable point of origin but rather a point of departure for questioning our national heritage and understanding the ways in which we inscribe the past with our present.
Making Multiplexed Imaging Flexible: Combining Essential Markers With Established Antibody Panels
Authors: Deen Ashik Jawahar , Thorsson Johan , O’Roberts Eleanor M. , Panshikar Pranauti , Ullman Tony , Krantz David , Oses Carolina , Stadler Charlotte
Published: August 2024

Multiplexed immunofluorescence (IF) can be achieved using different commercially available platforms, often making use of conjugated antibodies detected in iterative cycles. A growing portfolio of pre-conjugated antibodies is offered by the providers, as well as the possibility for in-house conjugation. For many conjugation methods and kits, there are limitations in which antibodies can be used, and conjugation results are sometimes irreproducible. The conjugation process can limit or slow down the progress of studies requiring conjugation of essential markers needed for a given project. Here, we demonstrate a protocol combining manual indirect immunofluorescence (IF) of primary antibodies, followed by antibody elution and staining with multiplexed panels of commercially pre-conjugated antibodies on the PhenoCycler platform. We present detailed protocols for applying the workflow on fresh frozen and formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections. We also provide a ready to use workflow for coregistration of the images and demonstrate this for two examples.
A crisis without a context? The framing of economic inequality through the pandemic
Authors: Knowles Sophie , Strauß Nadine , Cinceoglu Vesile
Published: August 2024

This article analyses how economic inequality was framed by UK news media during the pandemic and, drawing from framing theory, considers the implications of the coverage for news audiences. To do so, it uses a data set of 167 articles from the following UK news publications: The Guardian, The Telegraph, the Financial Times and The Sun. There are differences between the publications in terms of salience, tone and there is a wide range of causes and solutions attributed to inequality with no consensus emerging. The coverage is framed mainly by state sources, and there is very little discussion of the finance sector and corporations as causes and solutions to tackle inequality. There are some positive trends emerging, as sustainable finance, climate change and gender equality are highlighted alongside some alternative solutions, indicating a move away from historical trends in news coverage that demonize poverty and focus simply on the individual.
Reporting the cost-of-living crisis: A framing analysis of victims of, and solutions to, the crisis as reported in UK national newspapers 2022–23
Authors: Harkins Steven
Published: August 2024

This article analyses 1055 UK national newspaper articles on the cost-of-living crisis published in eighteen months between February 2022 and August 2023. This study utilizes framing analysis to examine the reporting of the crisis, with a specific focus on the presentation of those identified as victims of the crisis. The article also discusses how the news media report individual and macro-economic solutions to the crisis. The study finds that market rationalism and individualist explanations dominate news coverage of a structural macroeconomic crisis. This study finds an apparent deviation from traditional reporting of poverty, in that the news media presents the cost-of-living crisis as universal. As such, the ‘othering’ of people living in poverty is less evident here than in similar studies. The study finds that the framing devices used to communicate the crisis often seek to minimize the impact of inequality, which is at the heart of the current crisis.
News coverage of poverty and people living in poverty during political turmoil in the United States and United Kingdom
Authors: Pennington Rosemary
Published: August 2024

Politicians have often suggested that people experiencing poverty need to be encouraged to work, to stop relying on ‘government handouts’ and to become self-sufficient. News coverage of poverty has often repeated those claims, helping perpetuate stereotypes of poverty that stigmatizes the experience, making it difficult for people to seek help and also making spending cuts, like those the UK government announced in late 2022, seem necessary and inevitable. This research examines the coverage of poverty in four US and UK newspapers to understand how the issue was framed during a politically tumultuous time in the two countries. It found that rather than challenging stereotype, news coverage often perpetuated it, even when attempting to include the voices of people experiencing poverty in stories.
Exploring young consumers’ perceptions towards sustainable practices of fashion brands
Authors: Copeland Lauren
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to bridge the gap between sustainable fashion and customer purchase intentions by analysing the current trends and offering techniques to increase sustainable fashion awareness and overcome price consumption issues among Generation Z (Gen Z) consumers. A mixed methods approach was employed in this study consisting of online surveys and focus groups surrounding the topic of sustainable apparel consumption among the Gen Z age group. Focus groups served to lead to an online survey of questions to help better understand the phenomena on an exploratory scale. Three focus groups of eight to ten volunteers each aged 18–25 from a large Midwestern university took part in 60-minute discussions regarding their understanding of fast fashion and their purchase intentions/awareness of ethical issues within the apparel industry. Online surveys were conducted through the online platform Qualtrics consisting of 29 questions with a total of 445 participants ranging from 18 to 23 years old taking part in the online survey. Main themes found in the focus groups are the idea of shopping second hand, laziness among consumers and the quality of garments. Surveys found that this age group was willing to pay up to 25 per cent more for a sustainable apparel item and that uniqueness of the item was of utmost importance. Implications for brands and retailers as well as academics are presented.
Celebrating twenty years: Happy work anniversary to Dr Joe!
Authors: Hancock Joseph H.
Published: August 2024

In this editorial, Dr Joseph H. Hancock, II reflects on his years as a full-tenure professor and the next steps moving ahead. His years promoting his academic institution have awakened him to realize he needs to promote himself and his accomplishments, and that family is more important than being a success in the workplace because loyalty is only to oneself. Hancock thanks his publishers for all their support and states his scholarship will always go with him during his career. Hancock’s new motto, ‘move ahead!’.
DISCUSSÃO SOBRE CONCEPÇÕES DO ESTADO NORTE-AMERICANO
Authors: Spósito Elaine Aparecida Ferreira Marfil , Melo Flávio Vieira de
Published: August 2024

À medida em que a economia foi crescendo e se desenvolvendo no mundo, a política pública, por meio do Estado, foi ganhando centralidade, ganhando importância nas sociedades, das industriais às exportadoras, sobretudo nas sociedades do chamado terceiro mundo. Esse Estado ganhou importância na condução de todos os aspectos da sociedade, político, econômico e ideológico. “O Estado parece deter a chave para o desenvolvimento econômico, para a segurança social, para a liberdade individual e através da “[...] sofisticação” crescente das armas, para a própria vida e morte” (CARNOY, 1988 p.9). Esse artigo de cunho exploratório, tem a proposta de discutir reflexivamente as concepções do Estado Norte-Americano e o sentido das expropriações geradas por seus princípios liberais. O artigo pontua em sua conclusão a necessidade do despertamento dos cidadãos no enfrentamento de todas e quaisquer formas de violências causada pela mão invisível do capital.
ESTADO E POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS: LEITURAS E DISCUSSÕES
Authors: Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: August 2024

No trabalhos que compõem o presente dossiê são identificáveis os percursos e eixos dos paradigmas das políticas, alguns de seus equívocos de ordem conceitual na leitura da totalidade social e as consequências desencadeadas na relação de produção, força de trabalho dentre outros. Se é importante a pesquisa sobre a base de política clássica sobre os arranjos da sociedade atual, também é importante a projeção de propostas que façam a reflexão sobre sua validade, atualização ou não frente aos desafios da contemporaneidade.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA O ENSINO SUPERIOR NO BRASIL
Authors: Dias Amanda Regina Martins
Published: August 2024

O livro Docência e formação universitária no Brasil: desafios e encaminhamentos reúne textos voltados para o desdobramento de discussões elementares que se constituem como norteadoras da docência universitária na atualidade. Publicado pela Editora UFGD em 2016, tem 96 páginas, sendo constituído por sumário, apresentação, cinco capítulos, referências bibliográficas e apresentação dos autores. A obra tem como organizador Paulo Gomes Lima, professor adjunto do Departamento de Ciências Humanas e Educação do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar – campus Sorocaba), autor de vários livros e artigos sobre a temática “Estado, Política, Planejamento, Avaliação e Gestão da Educação”. O livro está organizado em cinco capítulos, cada um de autoria de diferentes professores universitários, de pelo menos três universidades públicas do país.
DO DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO À JUDICIALIZAÇÃO: SENDAS HISTÓRICAS
Authors: Silva Petula Ramanauskas Santorum e , Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: August 2024

Este artigo objetiva contextualizar o direito à Educação, nos documentos internacionais e nacionais, delineando seu percurso histórico-temporal, culminando no direito à Educação Infantil e os processos de judicialização. Elabora-se uma exposição do direito à Educação, a partir  da Declaração dos Direitos Humanos (1948), a Convenção para os Direitos das Crianças (1989) e a Declaração Mundial de Educação para Todos (1990), passando pelos documentos nacionais, como a Constituição Federal (1988), o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (1990), o primeiro e segundo Plano Nacional de Educação (2001 – 2010 e 2014 - 2014), além de documentos de base para a Educação Infantil, como o Referencial Curricular Nacional para a Educação Infantil (1998) e os Parâmetros Nacionais de Qualidade para a Educação infantil (2006) e a Legislação e as Políticas Públicas a eles agregadas.
A QUALIDADE SOCIALMENTE REFERENCIADA E A GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA
Authors: Almenara Gilsemara Vasques Rodrigues , Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: August 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo refletir o tema da qualidade da educação, destacar diferentes significações que os conceitos têm assumido nos referenciais das políticas educativas brasileiras, apresentando-se muitas vezes com entendimentos dúbios e interesses vários. A participação da sociedade civil na educação de forma geral, nos espaços intra e extra escolares  criados para fins democráticos/participativos, como os conselhos escolares e os  conselhos municipais de educação, assim como, nos  instrumentos de participação que  se caracterizam no Projeto Político Pedagógico, fortalecem a possibilidade de concretização de uma gestão democrática e, portanto, de uma qualidade socialmente referenciada. Ao motivar a criação dos Conselhos Municipais de Educação, o governo federal objetiva qualificar a participação da sociedade civil. O estudo enfoca a qualidade da educação considerando estas polissemias de conceitos e inter-relações, os significados assumidos, seus impactos, cujo resultado pode contribuir para que a sociedade avance com melhor educação e menor desigualdade.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O ESTADO CAPITALISTA EM LOUIS ALTHUSSER E NICOS POULANTZAS
Authors: Castilho Katlin Cristina de , Oliveira Marlei Rodrigues de
Published: August 2024

Este artigo parte de inquietações decorrentes da leitura de Martin Carnoy (1988), “Estado e teoria política”, mais especificamente, no que se refere ao Estruturalismo e o Estado em Louis Althusser e Nicos Poulantzas. Partindo das análises de Carnoy, buscar-se-á compreender quais os encaminhamentos dos autores para o entendimento do papel do Estado no modo de produção capitalista e nas relações de classe que se desdobram econômica e politicamente. Trata-se, portanto, de um texto reflexivo que discute as construções teóricas sobre o Estado, tanto no contexto estruturalista de Althusser, quanto nos desdobramentos desse estruturalismo althusseriano em Poulantzas, indicando que as análises de ambos autores, bem como as críticas e aprofundamentos que decorrem (e podem decorrer) das mesmas, constituem um fundamental ponto de partida para pensarmos as complexidades que emergem da relação entre o Estado capitalista  (seus aparelhos, papéis econômicos, ideológicos e repressivos), e a luta de classes em nossos tempos.