bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in captive and wild North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis) by comparsion using 16 s rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics
Authors: Hua Yan , Cao Heqin , Wang Jiao , He Fengping , Jiang Guangshun
Published: September 2020

Background

Gut microbes significantly contribute to nutrient digestion and absorption, intestinal health and immunity, and are essential for the survival and environmental adaptation of wild animals. However, there are few studies on the gut microbiota of captive and wild North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis).

Results

A total of 10 mainly bacterial phyla were identified in the fecal microbiota of North China leopard,Lachnoclostridium(p = 0.003),Peptoclostridium(p = 0.005),Bacteroides(p = 0.008),Fusobacterium(p = 0.017) andCollinsella(p = 0.019) were significantly higher than those of wild North China leopard. Distinct differences in the fecal metabolic phenotypes of captive and wild North China leopard were found, such as content of l-methionine, n-acetyl-l-tyrosine, pentadecanoic acid and oleic acid. Differentially abundant gut microbes were associated with fecal metabolites, especially the bacteria in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, involved in the metabolism of N-acetyl-L-alanine and D-quinovose.

Conclusion

This study reports for the first time the differences in gut microbiota abundance between captive and wild North China leopard, as well as significant differences in fecal metabolic phenotypes between two groups.
Optimal regimens based on PK/PD cutoff evaluation of ceftiofur against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in swine
Authors: Sun Da , Mi Kun , Hao Haihong , Xie Shuyu , Chen Dongmei , Huang Lingli
Published: September 2020

Background

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeformerly known asHaemophilus pleuropneumoniae, can cause pleuropneumoniae in pigs, which lead to significant mortality. Ceftiofur was the first cephalosporin antibiotic used in animals, which was effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterium. This study aimed to formulate a rational dosage strategy and review the preceding recommended dosage based on PK/PD modeling and Establish Clinical breakpoint of ceftiofur againstActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaebased on the pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic cutoff.

Results

The epidemiologic cutoff value was 0.125 μg/mL. The results of the pharmacodynamic study showed that the MICs of BW39 were 0.5 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL in vitro and ex-vivo, respectively. The minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) under in vitro and ex vivo conditions were both 1 μg/mL. The time-killing profiles of ceftiofur against BW39 were time-dependent with a partly concentration-dependent pattern. Based on the inhibitory sigmoid Emaxmodel, the AUC24 h/MIC values for the bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and elimination effects in serum were 45.73, 63.83, and 69.04 h for healthy pigs separately. According to the Monte Carlo simulation, the COPDwas calculated as 2 μg/mL, and the optimized dosage regimen of ceftiofur againstActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeto achieve bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and elimination effects over 24 h was 2.13, 2.97, and 3.42 mg/kg for the 50% target attainment rate (TAR) and 2.47, 3.21, and 3.70 mg/kg for the 90% TAR respectively.

Conclusions

In conclusion, we reveal the EOFF and PK/PD cutoff values of ceftiofur against A. pleuropneumoniae in piglets. However, with the paucity of clinical data for ceftiofur to establish a clinical cutoff against A. pleuropneumoniae, the PK/PD cutoff value of 2 μg/mL will be recommended as surrogate. According to the PK/PD data and the MIC distribution in China, the single bactericidal dose was 3.21 mg/kg for the 90% target, which would be more able to cureActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeand avoid the emergence of resistance for clinical ceftiofur use in piglet.
Hsa_circ_0000231 knockdown inhibits the glycolysis and progression of colorectal cancer cells by regulating miR-502-5p/MYO6 axis
Authors: Liu Yanhe , Li Hui , Ye Xiaoyi , Ji Anlong , Fu Xiangwei , Wu Haishan , Zeng Xiangyong
Published: September 2020

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a heavy threat to human health owing to its high incidence and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were investigated to participate in the progression of CRC, whereas there was no revenant data on the CRC process regulated by hsa_circ_0000231. This study aimed to explore the effects of hsa_circ_0000231 on CRC progression and underneath regulatory mechanism.

Methods

The expression levels of hsa_circ_0000231, miR-502-5p, and Myosin VI (MYO6) mRNA were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot was employed to determine the protein expression levels of MYO6 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The effects of hsa_circ_0000231 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasive in CRC were determined by cell counting kit-8 proliferation (CCK-8) and colony formation assays, flow cytometry analysis, wound-healing assay, and transwell invasion assay, respectively. Glucose uptake and lactate production were severally illustrated by glucose assay kit and lactate assay kit. The relationship between miR-502-5p and hsa_circ_0000231 or MYO6 was predicted by circular RNA interactome or targetScan online databases, and identified by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. In vivo tumor formation assay was carried out to determine the effects of hsa_circ_0000231 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo.

Results

Hsa_circ_0000231 expression was dramatically upregulated while miR-502-5p was obviously downregulated in CRC tissues and cells compared with control groups. Hsa_circ_0000231 knockdown repressed the expression levels of MYO6 and PCNA protein. Functionally, hsa_circ_0000231 knockdown repressed cell glycolysis, proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis, whereas these effects were decreased by miR-502-5p inhibitor. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0000231 acted as a sponge of miR-502-5p and miR-502-5p bound to MYO6. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0000231 knockdown decreased tumor volume and weight of CRC in vivo.

Conclusion

Hsa_circ_0000231 knockdown inhibited CRC progression and glycolysis by downregulating MYO6 expression through sponging miR-502-5p, which might provide a theoretical basis in further studying circ_0000231-directed therapy in CRC.
Correction to: Guizhi-Shaoyao-Zhimu decoction attenuates rheumatoid arthritis partially by reversing inflammation-immune system imbalance
Authors: Guo Qiuyan , Mao Xia , Zhang Yanqiong , Meng Shuqin , Xi Yue , Ding Yi , Zhang Xiaocun , Dai Yuntao , Liu Xia , Wang Chao , Li Yuting , Lin Na
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Effect of remifentanil-based fast-track anesthesia on postoperative analgesia and sedation in adult patients undergoing transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defect
Authors: Xu Ning , Huang Shu-Ting , Sun Kai-Peng , Chen Liang-Wan , Chen Qiang , Cao Hua
Published: September 2020

Objective

To investigate the effect of remifentanil-based fast-track anesthesia on analgesia and sedation after transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in adult patients.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on 59 patients aged 21–53 years who underwent transthoracic device closure of VSDs from January 2019 to September 2019. According to the different anesthesia strategies, the patients were divided into the R group (using remifentanil-based anesthesia, n = 33) and the S group (using sufentanil-based anesthesia, n = 26). Patient-related clinical data, postoperative analgesia, and sedation scores were collected and analyzed.

Results

There was no significant difference in age, gender, body weight, and operation time between the group R and the group S (P > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in intraoperative hemodynamic changes, BIS scores, postoperative analgesia, and sedation scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). The duration of mechanical ventilation, the length of ICU stay, and hospital stay in the group R were significantly lower than those in the group S (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Remifentanil-based fast-track anesthesia is effective for adult patients undergoing transthoracic device closure of VSDs, which may shorten the mechanical ventilation duration, the ICU and hospital stay of patients.
Integrated analysis of the aging brain transcriptome and proteome in tauopathy
Authors: Mangleburg Carl Grant , Wu Timothy , Yalamanchili Hari K. , Guo Caiwei , Hsieh Yi-Chen , Duong Duc M. , Dammer Eric B. , De Jager Philip L. , Seyfried Nicholas T. , Liu Zhandong , Shulman Joshua M.
Published: September 2020

Background

Tau neurofibrillary tangle pathology characterizes Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative tauopathies. Brain gene expression profiles can reveal mechanisms; however, few studies have systematically examined both the transcriptome and proteome or differentiated Tau- versus age-dependent changes.

Methods

Paired, longitudinal RNA-sequencing and mass-spectrometry were performed in a Drosophila model of tauopathy, based on pan-neuronal expression of human wildtype Tau (TauWT) or a mutant form causing frontotemporal dementia (TauR406W). Tau-induced, differentially expressed transcripts and proteins were examined cross-sectionally or using linear regression and adjusting for age. Hierarchical clustering was performed to highlight network perturbations, and we examined overlaps with human brain gene expression profiles in tauopathy.

Results

TauWT induced 1514 and 213 differentially expressed transcripts and proteins, respectively. TauR406W had a substantially greater impact, causing changes in 5494 transcripts and 697 proteins. There was a ~ 70% overlap between age- and Tau-induced changes and our analyses reveal pervasive bi-directional interactions. Strikingly, 42% of Tau-induced transcripts were discordant in the proteome, showing opposite direction of change. Tau-responsive gene expression networks strongly implicate innate immune activation. Cross-species analyses pinpoint human brain gene perturbations specifically triggered by Tau pathology and/or aging, and further differentiate between disease amplifying and protective changes.

Conclusions

Our results comprise a powerful, cross-species functional genomics resource for tauopathy, revealing Tau-mediated disruption of gene expression, including dynamic, age-dependent interactions between the brain transcriptome and proteome.
Contributing factors to severe complications after liver resection: an aggregate root cause analysis in 105 consecutive patients
Authors: Houssaini Kholoud , Lahnaoui Oumayma , Souadka Amine , Majbar Mohammed Anass , Ghannam Abdelilah , El Ahmadi Brahim , Belkhadir Zakaria , Amrani Laila , Mohsine Raouf , Benkabbou Amine
Published: September 2020

Background

The aggregate root cause analysis (AggRCA) was designed to improve the understanding of system vulnerabilities contributing to patient harm, including surgical complications. It remains poorly used due to methodological complexity and resource limitations. This study aimed to identify the main patterns contributing to severe complications after liver resection using an AggRCA.

Methods

This was a retrospective qualitative study aimed to identify the main patterns contributing to severe complications, defined as strictly higher than grade IIIa according to the Clavien-Dindo classification within the first 90 days after liver resection. All consecutive severe complications that occurred between January 1st, 2018 and December 31st, 2019 were identified from an electronic database and included in an AggRCA. This included a structured morbidity and mortality review (MMR) reporting tool based on 50 contributory factors adapted from 6 ALARM categories: “Patient”, “Tasks”, “Individual staff”, “Team”, “Work environment”, and “Management and Institutional context”. Data resulting from individual-participant root cause analysis (RCA) of single-cases were validated collectively then aggregated. The main patterns were suggested from the contributory factors reported in more than half of the cases.

Results

In 105 consecutive liver resection cases, 15 patients (14.3%) developed severe postoperative complications, including 5 (4.8%) who died. AggRCA resulted in the identification of 36 contributory factors. Eight contributory factors were reported in more than half of the cases and were compiled in three entangled patterns: (1) Disrupted perioperative process, (2) Unplanned intraoperative change, (3) Ineffective communication.

Conclusion

A pragmatic aggregated RCA process improved our understanding of system vulnerabilities based on the analysis of a limited number of events and a reasonable resource intensity. The identification of patterns contributing to severe complications lay the rationale of future contextualized safety interventions beyond the scope of liver resections.
An efficacy and safety study of rivaroxaban for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients with left iliac vein compression treated with stent implantation (PLICTS): study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Zhang Libin , Zhang Kaijie , Zhu Yuefeng , Shi Zhenyu , Zhang Wan , Gao Bin , Li Lubin , Fang Zhengdong , Yin Li , Chen Bing , Liu Zhenjie
Published: September 2020

Background

Balloon dilatation with stent implantation has been proved to be an effective option for left iliac vein compression syndrome (LIVCS), but thrombosis may still occur after the operation. Currently, warfarin is used for anticoagulant therapy, but long-term monitoring is required, while rivaroxaban does not need laboratory monitoring, which can simplify treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban and warfarin in anticoagulation.

Methods

This study is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. We will recruit 224 patients with thrombotic LIVCS from 9 hospitals. Moreover, these patients will be randomized to either the experimental group (rivaroxaban) or the control group (warfarin plus nadroparin). The primary outcome is stent occlusion rate. Secondary outcomes are quality of life scale survey results, all-cause mortality, anticoagulation-related mortality, and the proportion of participants with stent displacement/fracture, thrombosis, hemorrhage, and other vascular events.

Discussion

This study will provide reliable, evidence-based clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban antithrombotic therapy after stent implantation.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04067505. Registered on August 26, 2019.
Dynamics of a stochastic Gilpin–Ayala population model with Markovian switching and impulsive perturbations
Authors: Jiang Yuan , Liu Zijian , Yang Jin , Tan Yuanshun
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we consider the dynamics of a stochastic Gilpin–Ayala model with regime switching and impulsive perturbations. The Gilpin–Ayala parameter is also allowed to switch. Sufficient conditions for extinction, nonpersistence in the mean, weak persistence, and stochastic permanence are provided. The critical number among the extinction, nonpersistence in the mean, and weak persistence is obtained. Our results demonstrate that the dynamics of the model have close relations with the impulses and the Markov switching.
A new variation for the relativistic Euler equations
Authors: Abdelrahman Mahmoud A. E. , Alkhidhr Hanan A.
Published: September 2020

The Glimm scheme is one of the so famous techniques for getting solutions of the general initial value problem by building a convergent sequence of approximate solutions. The approximation scheme is based on the solution of the Riemann problem. In this paper, we use a new strength function in order to present a new kind of total variation of a solution. Based on this new variation, we use the Glimm scheme to prove the global existence of weak solutions for the nonlinear ultra-relativistic Euler equations for a class of large initial data that involve the interaction of nonlinear waves.
Efficacy and safety of paranasal sinus balloon catheter dilation in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review
Authors: Mirza Ahmad A. , Shawli Hatim Y. , Alandejani Talal A. , Aljuaid Sattam M. , Alreefi Mahmoud , Basonbul Razan A. , Alhomaiani Shahad K. , Althobaity Banan A. , Alhumaidi Dhuha A. , Zawawi Faisal
Published: September 2020

Objective

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) negatively affects quality of life (QoL), and balloon catheter sinuplasty (BCS) has shown good outcomes in adult patients. However, there has not been much research on the effects of BCS on pediatric patients. The objective of this review is to systematically assess the literature for studies demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of BCS in pediatric CRS patients.

Data sources

PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library.

Study selection

We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis recommendations (PRISMA) to conduct our study. Observational- and interventional-based studies reporting efficacy and/or side effects of BCS among pediatric populations were included. Efficacy was evaluated by clinically reliable measures including Sino-Nasal 5 (SN-5) QoL scale. Antibiotic usage and revision surgery were also evaluated.

Data extraction

Articles were screened, and data were obtained. Study design, sample size and demographics, treated sinuses, criteria of inclusion, adjunct procedure(s), follow-up time, and outcomes measured were reported.

Main findings

Out of 112 articles identified, 10 articles were included: two interventional controlled trials and eight observational studies. All studies evaluating QoL by SN-5 showed a remarkable reduction in SN-5 score postoperatively. Improvement in the computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic findings for up to 1 year after operation was reported. Furthermore, the majority of patinets treated with BCS did not recieve any course of sinusitis-indicated antibiotics during long-term follow-up, and they had low surgical revision rates. Minor side effects were reported, most commonly synechia.

Conclusion

Available evidence suggests that BCS is safe and effective for the treatment of CRS in pediatric patients. Future randomized controlled studies with large sample size are warranted. Such studies can further determine the efficacy of BCS in managing children with CRS.
A prickly situation: An attempted Caterpillar ingestion - case report
Authors: Bhardwaj Amar K. , Fnais Naif , Chin Christopher J.
Published: September 2020

Background

Foreign body ingestion is a common problem in pediatrics. Each foreign body can present its’ own unique challenges during removal, and we present the management of an ingested Spotted Tussock Moth ( Lophocampa maculata), more commonly known as a caterpillar.

Case presentation

An 18-month-old boy presented to the emergency department with difficulty handling secretions and odynophagia. It was reported he had placed a caterpillar in his mouth and then spat it out. On examination, hundreds of miniscule filaments (setae) were seen embedded in his lips and tongue. Our service was consulted out of concern for airway involvement. The patient was taken to the operating room where a direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation was performed to confirm the setae were confined to the anterior tongue and lips. Once we were satisfied the airway was stable, the airway was secured, and we then began to remove the setae. The initial method used was to use Adson-Brown forceps to remove the setae, however this proved difficult and time-consuming given the volume of setae and how thin the setae were. Ultimately, a more effective technique was developed: a 4 × 4 AMD-RITMES® gauze was applied to the mucosa in order to dry up any secretions and then a piece of pink, waterproof BSN medical® tape was applied to the mucosa. After 3 s of contact it was removed. This technique was then repeated and was used to remove the vast majority of the setae.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, we have described the first technique to remove the caterpillar setae from the oral cavity mucosa in a fast, safe and efficient manner.
Halogen Bonds of Iodonium Ions: A World Dissimilar to Silver Coordination
Authors: Turunen Lotta , Németh Flóra Boróka , Decato Daniel A , Pápai Imre , Berryman Orion B , Erdélyi Máté
Published: September 2020

A distinct difference between the three-center halogen bond and the analogous three-center coordinative bond of silver is demonstrated by computational, X-ray crystallographic and solution NMR spectroscopic investigations of their complexes with a bidentate Lewis base. Iodine(I) preferentially forms an entropically favored monomeric complex, whereas silver(I) forms enthalpically favored dimeric complexes. Counterion coordination considerably influences the structure of the silver complexes in the solution and solid state, whereas it does not have notable effect on the analogous halogen bond.
Copper-Catalyzed Reactions of Alkylboranes
Authors: Ohmiya Hirohisa , Sawamura Masaya
Published: September 2020

This account describes our work concerning the application of alkylboranes to addition reactions to unsaturated compounds, with catalysis by copper. Alkylboranes are readily obtained from standard alkene hydroboration reactions, which is an advantage of these processes. The substrates can contain a wide range of functional groups. The reactions described herein include the formation of alkylcopper(I) species via the catalytic B/Cu transmetallation of alkylboranes and subsequent addition to unsaturated carbon–carbon bonds or carbon dioxide.
E-governance, Accountability, and Leakage in Public Programs: Experimental Evidence from a Financial Management Reform in India
Authors: Banerjee Abhijit , Duflo Esther , Imbert Clément , Mathew Santhosh , Pande Rohini
Published: September 2020

Can e-governance reforms improve government policy? By making information available on a real-time basis, information technologies may reduce the theft of public funds. We analyze a large field experiment and the nationwide scale-up of a reform to India’s workfare program. Advance payments were replaced by “ just-in-time” payments, triggered by e-invoicing, making it easier to detect misreporting. Leakages went down: program expenditures dropped by 24 percent, while employment slightly increased; there were fewer fake households in the official database; and program officials’ personal wealth fell by 10 percent. However, payment delays increased. The nationwide scale-up resulted in a persistent 19 percent reduction in program expenditure. (JEL C93, D72, I38, O15, O17)
Fundamentals of development of energy potential of cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Ivanov Roman , Maltseva Tatyana
Published: September 2020

this article substantiates the need to develop the energy potential of cadets and students in classes on the discipline "Socio-psychological training of professional communication" in educational organizations of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia. The relevance of this problem is considered by the authors in two planes. On the one hand, there is a growing need to include "energy" concepts in the paradigm of modern social and psychological Sciences, and to build the structural elements of this system. On the other hand, the reality of modern social life and its increasing complexity make all people in General, as well as employees of the internal Affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, in particular, increasingly think about preserving their physical, mental and psychological health, which is impossible without understanding the energy potential of a person, without the necessary elements that make up it.

Since the European and Russian scientific traditions do not operate properly today with definitions related to human energy, the paper presents several points of view regarding this phenomenon from ancient Chinese, ancient Indian philosophy and medicine. Also, to understand the development of energy potential, the article presents as an example some practices of ancient Yaqui shamans who lived in the South of North America.

In the second part of the work, some examples of ancient Eastern practices are given that can be used in classes on social and psychological training of professional communication. In particular, breathing practices, meditative techniques, and exercises for the development of perception and attention are considered separately. Furthermore, it describes in detail one of the practices of acromegaly.
Physical activity and the coronavirus pandemic: an urgent time to change the recommendation focus
Authors: Porto Luiz Guilherme Grossi , Molina Guilherme E. , Matsudo Victor K.
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is disrupting the routine daily life of millions of people. The pandemic associated restrictive measures impose unprecedented challenges, including the need to stay physically active in a social distancing scenario that drastically reduces access to physical activity (PA) spaces and opportunities. Therefore, we aimed to discuss the need for an urgent change in the main focus of PA recommendations. The total of PA needed for health promotion has been focused on the minimum of 150min/moderate-to-vigorous PA/week. It is time for a call for action toward shifting the focus of PA recommendations. Instead of the traditional “doing at least 150min/week of PA, and less than that if you can’t reach that goal”, recommendations should emphasize the idea of “move more, sit less and, if possible, accumulate 150min/PA/week. The coronavirus pandemic, its associated social distancing and impacts on PA opportunities, impose an urgent change in PA recommendation main focus.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: O'Donovan Kate
Published: September 2020

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is associated with decreased functional capacity, poor quality of life and increased mortality risk. The neurohormonal compensatory response to a reduced cardiac output is mainly comprised of the sympathetic nervous system, natriuretic peptides and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, which attempt to maintain peripheral perfusion. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is an integral mechanism in increasing afterload by promoting angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and increasing preload via the secretion of aldosterone which causes sodium and water retention. Albeit compensatory mechanisms attempt to increase cardiac output and perfusion, their effects are maladaptive as left ventricular function deteriorates in response to an increased afterload, preload and ventricular remodelling. In an attempt to interrupt this vicious circle, first-line pharmacological therapy in the treatment of heart failure is beta blockade and inhibition of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Integral to this treatment strategy are mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, also known as aldosterone antagonists. This class of drug inhibits the action of aldosterone, decreases preload and reduces left ventricular workload, thus preserving ventricular function. This translates into reduced mortality incidence, decreased episodes of hospitalisations for cardiac causes and improvement in clinical signs and symptoms. Although patient benefits are explicit, adverse effects such as hyperkalaemia and renal impairment are associated with this therapy. Regular patient follow up and monitoring for potential adverse effects and drug interactions are essential to the success of the therapy.
Supporting the transition from pre-dialysis to end-stage renal failure
Authors: McDermott Eoghan , Agyekum Roseline
Published: September 2020

Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a life-saving therapy for those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 or end-stage renal failure (ESRF)—defined as an estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate of less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2. RRT has a profound impact on quality of life (QoL), dependent on the preparation for and timing of therapy initiation; the mode of RRT selected; and the individual's age, health, and priorities. This article explores the transition to RRT, directed by the research question, ‘How does the evidence base inform clinical decision-making when supporting CKD patients’ transition from pre-dialysis to management of ESRF?'. The discussion of these critical decisions, including timing, modality and potential of dialysis to benefit the individual, is framed by their effect on QoL as dialysis is established. There are many other aspects concerning the transition to RRT, which are not discussed, but the reader is signposted to additional information sources.
Educating clients about raw diets and the associated parasitic risks
Authors: Wright Ian , Richmond Philippa
Published: September 2020

Raw diets are increasing in popularity among UK cat and dog owners with a trend towards home prepped rather than processed formulations. This potentially exposes household pets to parasitic infections which can lead to direct zoonotic risk and economic losses for farmers. These parasites include the tapeworms Taenia species and Echinococcus granulosus, and a wide range of cyst forming protozoa such as Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis species. Avoiding feeding pets raw diets or adequate freezing prior to feeding that kills the cystic stages of these parasites, avoids exposure via this route. This forms an important part of controlling food-borne parasites in addition to worm treatment, responsible disposal of dog faeces, good hand hygiene and keeping dogs on leads on and around ruminant pasture. Many pet owners are unaware of the parasitic risk posed by raw feeding and client education is crucial in helping to prevent pet exposure. Veterinary nurses play a vital role in educating clients and working with them to minimise parasites transmitted by raw feeding.
CPD article: Poisons affecting the cardiovascular system
Authors: Bates Nicola
Published: September 2020

Cardiac and cardiovascular function can be affected by numerous substances, including overdose of drugs for cardiac and cardiovascular conditions, drugs used in the management of other diseases, over-the-counter medicines and supplements, foods and natural toxins such as plants. A common cause of tachycardia in dogs is exposure to salbutamol from piercing an asthma inhaler. Cardiac drugs such as beta-blockers and calcium-channel blockers can cause hypotension and disrupt cardiac rhythm. Although severe cases are not common in companion animals, management may be complex, requiring high dose insulin therapy and/or lipid emulsion therapy. The methylxanthines caffeine and theobromine, which are found in foods, and caffeine in supplements, are readily accessible to pets and can cause central nervous system and muscle (including cardiac muscle) stimulation. Animals with pre-existing cardiac disease or those with a mixed cardiotoxic drug overdose are likely to be more at risk of effects after exposure to substances affecting the cardiovascular system. Support of cardiac and cardiovascular function is essential to prevent cardiac injury and maintain tissue perfusion. Specific management depends on the severity of clinical signs and the particular substance involved.
Praktische Bearbeitungen Bachscher Kompositionen. - Verhandlungen
Authors: Seiffert Max
Published: September 2020

Darauf bezugnehmend: Max Seiffert: Zur Kritik der Gesamtausgabe von Bachs Werken. BJ 1906, S. 79-83
Beiträge zur Bachkritik
Authors: Schering Arnold
Published: September 2020

Besprochen: Schreyer, Johannes: Beiträge zur Bach-Kritik. Leipzig 1910
Beziehungen Bachs zu Vorgängern und Nachfolgern
Authors: Oppel Reinhard
Published: September 2020

Beilage: Skizze 1-4 zu R. Oppel, Beziehungen Bachs zu Vorgängern und Nachfolgern. BJ 1925, o.S.
Beilage: Anhang zu Hans David, die Gestalt von Bachs Chromatischer Fantasie
Authors: -- -
Published: September 2020

Zum Aufsatz: Hans David: Die Gestalt von Bachs Chromatischer Fantasie. BJ 1926, S. 23-67
Der Pokal im Eisenacher Bach-Museum
Authors: Smend Friedrich
Published: September 2020

Bezugnehmend auf: Conrad Freyse: Die Spender des Bach-Pokals. BJ 1953, S. 108-118

Darauf bezugnehmend: Conrad Freyse: Noch einmal: Der Bach-Pokal. BJ 1956, S. 162-164
Noch einmal: Die Violinsonate BWV 1024
Authors: Siegele Ulrich
Published: September 2020

Bezugnehmend auf: Rolf van Leyden: Die Violinsonate BWV 1024. BJ 1955, S. 73-102
Zum periodischen Prinzip bei J. S. Bach
Authors: Benary Peter
Published: September 2020

Darauf bezugnehmend: Peter Benary: Zum periodischen Prinzip bei Johann Sebastian Bach. BJ 1959, S. 111-123
Johann Sebastian Bachs Sammlung von Kantaten seines Vetters Johann Ludwig Bach
Authors: Scheide William H.
Published: September 2020

Darauf bezugnehmend: William H. Scheide: Johann Sebastian Bachs Sammlung von Kantaten seines Vetters Johann Ludwig Bach (II. Teil). BJ 1961, S. 5-24)

William H. Scheide: Johann Sebastian Bachs Sammlung von Kantaten seines Vetters Johann Ludwig Bach. Ihre Geschichte und ihr Einfluß auf J. S. Bachs eigene Werke (Schluß). BJ 1962, S. 5-32

 

Vergleiche auch: Alfred Dürr: Zur Chronologie der Leipziger Vokalwerke J. S. Bachs. BJ 1957, S. 5-162
Zum periodischen Prinzip bei Johann Sebastian Bach
Authors: Benary Peter
Published: September 2020

Bezugnehmend auf: Peter Benary: Zum periodischen Prinzip bei J. S. Bach. BJ 1958, S. 84-93
Bach in der deutschen Dichtung (II.)
Authors: Pleßke Hans-Martin
Published: September 2020

Bezugnehmend auf: Hans-Martin Pleßke: Bach in der deutschen Dichtung. BJ 1959, S. 5-51
Concerto-Elemente in Bachs zweistimmigen Inventionen
Authors: Wagner Günther
Published: September 2020

Ausgehend von dem Argument, dass es im Hochbarock eine erhebliche Wechselwirkung und Verschmelzung von Musikgenres gibt, zeigt der Autor, dass die Eröffnungsabschnitte der zweistimmigen Inventionen im Sinne der Grundsätze für die Behandlung von Concerto-Themen zu verstehen sind. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes)
Ein "Dresdner Menuett" im zweiten Klavierbüchlein der Anna Magdalena Bach. Nebst Hinweisen zur Überlieferung einiger Kammermusikwerke Bachs
Authors: Schulze Hans-Joachim
Published: September 2020

Eine Untersuchung der Berliner Bach-Handschriften P 268, P 269 und St 162 hat zu einer neuen Perspektive bei der Beurteilung von Herkunft und Geschichte dieser Quellen geführt. Durch die Neubewertung eines jahrzehntelang abgängigen Manuskripts ist es gelungen, zwei der bekanntesten Menuette aus dem Notenbüchlein für Anna Magdalena Bach ihrem Originalkomponisten zuzuordnen. Einer der bedeutendsten Assistenten aus Bachs frühen Jahren in Leipzig, bisher als "Hauptkopist C" bezeichnet, erweist sich als Mitglied der Bach-Familie. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes)
Johann Sebastian Bachs Auflösung eines Kanons von Teodoro Riccio
Authors: Schieckel Harald
Published: September 2020

Eine heute im Staatsarchiv Oldenburg untergebrachte Sammlung enthält zwei Albumblätter, von denen einer ein Rätselkanon aus dem Jahr 1597 und der andere eine Auflösung von Bach ist, die wahrscheinlich während der Leipziger Zeit verfasst wurde. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes)
Wo blieb Bachs fünfter Kantatenjahrgang?
Authors: Wolff Christoph
Published: September 2020

Darauf bezugnehmend: Alfred Dürr: Noch einmal: Wo blieb Bachs fünfter Kantatenjahrgang? BJ 1986, S. 121-122
Die vierstimmigen Choräle Johann Sebastian Bachs
Authors: Wachowski Gerd
Published: September 2020

Die neun bedeutendsten Ausgaben der vierstimmigen Choräle Bachs werden bibliographisch beschrieben und hinsichtlich ihrer Zweckbestimmung und ihres Kenntnisstandes bewertet. Eine Reihe von Chorälen wurden vor ihrer ersten Veröffentlichung im späten 18. Jahrhundert von einer unbekannten Hand überarbeitet, wie Besonderheiten der Kompositionstechnik zeigen. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes)

 

Vergleiche auch: Friedrich Smend: Zu den ältesten Sammlungen der vierstimmigen Choräle J. S. Bachs. BJ 1966, S. 5-40

Emil Platen: Zur Echtheit einiger Choralsätze Johann Sebastian Bachs. BJ 1975, S. 50-62
Zur Chronologie der Weimarer Kantaten Johann Sebastian Bachs
Authors: Glöckner Andreas
Published: September 2020

Vergleiche auch: Alfred Dürr: Merkwürdiges in den Quellen zu Weimarer Kantaten Johann Sebastian Bachs. BJ 1987, S. 151-157

Daniel R. Melamed: Mehr zur Chronologie von Bachs Weimarer Kantaten. BJ 1993, S. 213-216
Joh. Seb. Bach und der "neue Gusto" in der Musik um 1740
Authors: Ahrens Christian
Published: September 2020

Anzeigen für Musikdrucke in Zeitungen aus der Zeit um 1740 geben Einblick in die Entwicklung des öffentlichen Geschmacks. Vor diesem Hintergrund sticht umso bemerkenswerter die bekannte Zeitungsgeschichte hervor, die Bachs Fugenimprovisation in Potsdam im Mai 1747 beschreibt. Es ist möglich, dass dieser Bericht, in dem J. S. Bachs kontrapunktische Kunst besonders hervorgehoben wird, von einer Gruppe von Musikern lanciert wurde, die ein aktives Interesse an diesem Thema hatten. Möglicherweise war auch Bachs Sohn Carl Philipp Emanuel daran beteiligt. (Übertragung des englischen Resümees am Ende des Bandes)
Noch einmal: Wo blieb Bachs fünfter Kantatenjahrgang?
Authors: Dürr Alfred
Published: September 2020

Bezugnehmend auf: Christoph Wolff: Wo blieb Bachs fünfter Kantatenjahrgang? BJ 1982, S. 151-152
Noch einmal: J. S. Bach - Orgelsachverständiger unter dem Einfluß Andreas Werckmeisters?
Authors: Williams Peter
Published: September 2020

Bezugnehmend auf: Peter Williams: J. S. Bach - Orgelsachverständiger unter dem Einfluß Andreas Werckmeisters? BJ 1982, S. 131-142
Formprobleme in Bachs frühen Orgelfugen
Authors: Breig Werner
Published: September 2020

Nach einleitender Begriffsklärung befasst sich der Artikel eingehender mit dem Corpus des frühen Bach'schen Orgelwerks und widmet sich dabei Fragen der Stilentwicklung, Vorbildern und Kompositionstechniken.

 

Erwähnte Artikel: Christoph Wolff: Johann Adam Reinken und Johann Sebastian Bach: Zum Kontext des Bachschen Frühwerkes. BJ 1985, S. 99-118

Friedhelm Krummacher: Bach und die norddeutsche Orgeltoccata: Fragen und Überlegungen. BJ 1985, S. 119-134

Robert Hill: Die Herkunft von Bachs "Thema Legrenzianum". BJ 1986, S. 105-107

Jean-Claude Zehnder: Georg Böhm und Johann Sebastian Bach: Studien zur Chronologie der Bachschen Stilentwicklung. BJ 1988, S. 73-110

Jean-Claude Zehnder: Giuseppe Torelli und Johann Sebastian Bach. Zu Bachs Weimarer Konzertform. BJ 1991, S. 33-95
Zur Sarabande aus dem Solo für die Flöte (BWV 1013)
Authors: Toeplitz Uri
Published: September 2020

Eine eingehende Analyse untersucht die Struktur der Sarabande der a-moll-Partita BWV 1013.

 

Erwähnte Artikel: Hans Hering: Spielerische Elemente in J. S. Bachs Klaviermusik. BJ 1974, S. 44-69

Hans Eppstein: Chronologieprobleme in Johann Sebastian Bachs Suiten für Soloinstrument. BJ 1976, S. 35-57
Zu Wilhelm Friedemann Bachs Berliner Jahren
Authors: Henzel Christoph
Published: September 2020

Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick übder den Forschungsstand zu Bachs Berliner Lebensjahren und versucht, diese anhand der genannten wie neu hinzugezogener Quellen möglichst umfassend darzustellen.

 

Vergleiche auch: Christoph Henzel: Nachtrag zu Wilhelm Friedemann Bachs Berliner Jahren. BJ 2004, S. 229-232

Christoph Henzel: "... da er sich erklähret hat, was an die Armen zu geben ...". Zu einem Berliner Konzert Wilhelm Friedemann Bachs. BJ 2012, S. 251-253
Wo lernte Johann Sebastian Bach die Schriften Heinrich Müllers kennen?
Authors: Simpfendörfer Gottfried
Published: September 2020

Viele Kantatentexte, die Bach vertonte, sind von den Bibelauslegungen des Rostocker Theologen Heinrich Müller geprägt. Bach besaß einige von ihnen selbst. Es ist unwahrscheinlich, daß Bach diese schon in der Schulzeit kennengelernt hat. Zwischen Rostock und Lübeck bestanden aber enge Verbindungen. Dietrich Buxtehude kannte die Schriften Müllers. Darum liegt die Vermutung nahe, daß Bach bei Buxtehude Müllers Bibelauslegungen kennenlernte. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Die Organistenstelle an St. Jakobi in Hamburg: eine "convenable station" für Johann Sebastian Bach?
Authors: Kremer Joachim
Published: September 2020

Für die Annahme, daß Bachs verschollenes Schreiben von 1720 eine Absage der Organistenstelle in Hamburg enthielt sprechen einige Gründe. Der mögliche soziale Abstieg Bachs von einer leitenden Stelle des Kapellmeisters in Köthen zur untergeordneten Stelle des Organisten wurde finanziell nicht gerechtfertig. Ferner hatte sich das Betätigungsfeld des Organisten verkleinert. Der Organist war nur noch für die gottesdienstliche Musik zuständig. Andere Aufführungen waren den Kantoren zugesprochen. (Autor, gekürzt, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
"...ein Großes Orgelkonzert von dem alten Sebastian Bach". Zu einem Konzertprogramm Johann Wilhelm Häßlers
Authors: Henzel Christoph
Published: September 2020

Die Gattung des Konzerts für Orgel und Orchester im 18. Jahrhundert gilt allgemein als ein von G.F. Händel begründeter und im wesentlichen auf England beschränkter Seitenzweig des Instrumentalkonzerts. Rätselhaft erscheint deshalb die Aufführung eines von der preußischen Hofkapelle begleiteten Bachschen Orgelkonzertes durch J.W. Häßler 1789 in Berlin. (Karola Weil, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Bachs Bewerbung um die Organistenstelle an der Marienkirche in Halle und ihr Kontext
Authors: Wollny Peter
Published: September 2020

Der Artikel stellt einige Dokumente rund um das Bewerbungsverfahren um die Nachfolge Friedrich Wilhelm Zachows 1712-1714 vor. Speziell zur Kandidatur Bachs werden Auszüge aus dem Rechnungsbuch der Marienkirche vorgestellt.
Die Stimme des Heiligen Geistes
Authors: Koch Ernst
Published: September 2020

Bei der Zuschreibung der Solostimmen zu bestimmten geistlichen Texten hat Johann Sebastian Bach sich nicht einfach nach Gesichtspunkten der Praxis gerichtet. In Weiterführung bisheriger Forschungen und ihrer Korrektur wird zu zeigen versucht, daß die Texte der solistischen Altpartien im 'Weihnachts-Oratorium', in der 'Matthäuspassion' und in verschiedenen geistlichen Kantaten das 12. Kapitel aus Heinrich Müllers Buch 'Göttliche Liebes-Flamme' (1677) zur theologischen Grundlage haben, das zu Bachs Bibliothek gehört hat. Gleichzeitig beruht die von Bach vorgenommene Stimmenzuweisung auf einer 1624 veröffentlichten Predigt Johann Sauberts zum Sonntag Cantate, in der er ausführlich darlegt, mit welchem Sinn die vier Singstimmen bedacht werden sollen. (Autor, gekürzt, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Instrumentalkompositionen von Heinrich Bach (1615-1692)
Authors: Konrad Ulrich
Published: September 2020

Im Jahre 1662 übermittelte der Gothaer Musicus Jakob Ludwig dem in Wolfenbüttel regierenden Herzog August dem Jüngeren ein 'Partitur-Buch' mit 114 Kompositionen, die aus seiner Sicht einen Querschnitt der zeitgenössischen Instrumentalmusik in variabler Stimmenzahl und Besetzung darstellten. In dieser Sammlung sind zwei 'Sonaten à 5' des Arnstädter Organisten Heinrich Bach (1615-92), des Großonkels Johann Sebastians, überliefert. Die beiden in ihrer stilistischen Haltung auf die erste Jahrhunderthälfte weisenden Sonaten dürften Repertoirestücke von Stadt- oder Ratsmusik-Ensembles gewesen sein. Die Biographie Heinrich Bachs wird aus der auf ihn gehaltenen Leichenpredigt Johann Gottfried Olearius', aus der ausführlich zitiert wird, in den Hauptzügen rekonstruiert. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)

 

Vergleich auch: Peter Wollny: Zum Problem der "Instrumentalkompositionen von Heinrich Bach (1615-1692)" I. BJ 1996, S. 155-158

Ulrich Konrad: Zum Problem der "Instrumentalkompositionen von Heinrich Bach (1615-1692)" II. BJ 1996, S. 159-161
Die Versteigerung von C. P. E. Bachs musikalischem Nachlaß im Jahre 1805
Authors: Kulukundis Elias N.
Published: September 2020

Der Artikel befasst sich mit den Umständen der Auktion, bei der der musikalische Nachlass Carl Philipp Emanuel Bachs in Hamburg versteigert wurde. Es werden die Vorgehensweise bei der Versteigerung und die Käufer dargestellt. Weiterhin enthält der Artikel Faksimiles der den Bach-Nachlass betreffenden Seiten des Auktionskataloges (S. 154-158) und eine kommentierte Wiedergabe desselben (soweit identifizierbar genaue Bezeichnung des jeweiligen Werks nach Wotquenne und Helm und verbleib der im Katalog beschriebenen Quelle, S. 159-176)

 

Erwähnter Artikel: Ulrich Leisinger: Die ,Bachsche Auction' von 1789. BJ 1991, S. 97-126

Vergleiche auch: Heinrich Miesner: Philipp Emanuel Bachs musikalischer Nachlaß. Vollständiger, dem Original entsprechender Neudruck des Nachlaßverzeichnisses von 1790. BJ 1938, S. 103-136

Heinrich Miesner: Philipp Emanuel Bachs musikalischer Nachlaß. Vollständiger, dem Original entsprechender Neudruck des Nachlaßverzeichnisses von 1790 (Fortsetzung). BJ 1939, S. 81-112

Heinrich Miesner: Philipp Emanuel Bachs musikalischer Nachlaß. Vollständiger, dem Original entsprechender Neudruck des Nachlaßverzeichnisses von 1790 (Fortsetzung und Schluß). BJ 1940-48, S. 161-168
"Die betrübte und wieder getröstete Seele"
Authors: Wolff Christoph
Published: September 2020

Die Entstehungs- und Aufführungsgeschichte von BWV 21 ist kompliziert und weitgehend unbekannt. Weder der Anlaß der Komposition noch der Textdichter sind bekannt. Die Kompositionspartitur ist ebenfalls nicht erhalten. Es läßt sich jedoch anhand der Originalstimmen zeigen, daß die Kantate im wesentlichen eine Dialogkantate für Sopran, Baß, Chor und Orchester darstellt: Der Tenor gehörte vermutlich nicht zur Originalbesetzung. Die Kantate wurde nicht für einen bestimmten Zeitpunkt komponiert, sondern konnte während des gesamten Kirchenjahres aufgeführt werden. Sie war sogar für Aufführungen außerhalb des Gottesdienstes verwendbar. (Oliver Schöner, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Bachs Prüfung vor dem Kurfürstlichen Konsistorium zu Leipzig
Authors: Petzoldt Martin
Published: September 2020

Die Bewerbung Johann Sebastian Bachs um das Thomaskantorat in Leipzig konnte bisher aufgrund der unzureichenden Quellenlage nur mangelhaft erforscht werden. Der Beitrag behandelt ein Dokument, das es erlaubt, ein vermutlich entscheidendes Detail des Berufungsverfahrens besser kennzulernen: die theologische Prüfung vor dem Kurfürstlichen Konsistorium. (Oliver Schöner, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Eine verstümmelt überlieferte Telemann-Kantate im Aufführungsrepertoire J. S. Bachs
Authors: Glöckner Andreas
Published: September 2020

Georg Philipp Telemanns Kantate 'Der Herr ist König' (nicht in TWV) dürfte für die Leipziger Ratswahl im August 1722 entstanden sein, als sich der Komponist anlässlich seiner Bewerbung um das Thomaskantorat in der Stadt aufhielt. Die Kantate liegt in einer von Johann Christian Köpping, Johann Andreas Kuhnau, Christian Gottlob Meißner und Johann Sebastian Bach vermutlich zum Reformationsfest 1724 angefertigten Partitur vor. Als Vorlage diente offenbar ein unvollständiger Stimmensatz, in dem nicht nur die 2. Violine, Trompeten und Pauken fehlten, sondern auch die Stimmen von Alt und Tenor unvollständig waren und deshalb mehr oder weniger frei ergänzt werden mussten. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
Mendelssohns Wiederaufführung der Matthäus-Passion (BWV 244)
Authors: Kimura Sachiko
Published: September 2020

Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdys Aufführung der 'Matthäus-Passion' von Johann Sebastian Bach 1829 wurde bisher vor allem unter Aspekten der Musikgeschichte betrachtet: Nach dieser Aufführung wurde das Œuvre Bachs wieder ein wichtiger Faktor im europäischen Musikleben. Die Frage, wie das Stück unter Mendelssohn tatsächlich erklang, wurde hingegen vernachlässigt. Eintragungen Mendelssohns in Aufführungspartitur und -stimmen zeigen, dass damals erhebliche Streichungen vorgenommen wurden sowie Bearbeitungen und Umbesetzungen erfolgten. Auch Vortrags- und Tempoangaben finden sich. (Oliver Schöner, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)