bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the process of penetration of petroleum products into the ground during construction work
Authors: Galitskova Yulia
Published: January 2023

There are many sources of pollution on the territory of the city: enterprises, transport, and also a large negative impact is during the construction work. The article examines the impact of construction machinery and works on the soil, namely soil contamination with oil-containing products. To minimize such an impact, the process of penetration of the most common oil-containing substances into the soil was simulated in laboratory conditions. To minimize such an impact, the process of penetration of the most common oil-containing substances into the soil was simulated in laboratory conditions. In order to obtain a more accurate result, the granulometric composition of the soil of the urban area was determined at the initial stage. further studies were carried out with a similar soil. Kerosene, diesel fuel and gasoline were used as oil-containing liquids in the studies. A methodology for conducting laboratory tests was developed. To identify the dependence of the volume of liquid entering the ground surface and the depth of penetration, its studies were carried out for three volumes: 50 ml, 100 ml and 150 ml. A series of experiments (at least 10) was conducted for each liquid and each volume of liquid under study. The results of the studies were recorded for 48 hours at the same intervals in each series. The results of the experiments were recorded in tabular form, then analyzed statistically and graphically. During the analysis, it was found that gasoline and kerosene penetrate into the ground faster and reach half of the maximum penetration depth in the first 30 minutes. Diesel fuel penetrates more slowly and more evenly throughout the entire time of fixing the penetration depth due to its higher density. Based on the results of the research, recommendations were formulated for the use of contaminated areas after the completion of construction work, and measures were proposed to minimize the negative impact of pollution on the ecosystem.
Comparative assessment of the calculation of the sediment base of foundations by the SP method and the method of NRU "Geotechnika" MGSU and their analysis
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Kurilin Nikita
Published: January 2023

The article provides a comparative assessment of methods for calculating the sediment of foundations of finite width with and without taking into account the horizontal movements of layers, as well as taking into account the self-weight of layers. As a calculation, to estimate the stress state of the base, the Flemann formulas are used (the plane problem), which allow us to determine the stress components σx, σz, τxz, as well as the average stress σm = (σxp + σzp)(1 + ν)/3, depending on the load intensity p = const acting on the surface of the half-space along the strip b = 2a. In addition, this article provides formulas for determining the surface precipitation of a linearly deformable half-space S(x, 0) = f(E, ν, b = 2a).
Investigation of compacted sandy soils properties at base of buildings and structures
Authors: Chunyuk Dmitry , Kopteva Olga , Selviyan Serafima , Selviyan Artem
Published: January 2023

Based on the data of physical and mechanical properties of soils obtained at various construction sites in Moscow, the article discusses in detail the issues of soil compaction and determination of bearing capacity. The article describes various methods of soil compaction, which must be taken into account to determine the value of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the soils laid down in the project. It is especially important at the initial stage to determine the necessary parameters of the compacted base. The described dependences of the deformation modulus and the compaction coefficient for the artificial base were carried out in comparison with engineering and geological data obtained from real objects in the city of Moscow. The analysis of the results obtained for sands with different granulometric composition was carried out and graphs of the dependencies of the data obtained were constructed. The article also describes the controlled parameters when using a compacted sand cushion as an artificial base.
Numerical modeling in determining deformation characteristics of fractured rock massifs
Authors: Zertsalov Michail , Minin Kirill
Published: January 2023

The article proposes a method for determining the deformation modulus of fractured-block rock masses, weakened by mutually-orthogonal systems of cracks within the linear section (after the closure of cracks) of the deformation curve σ= f (ε). The values of normal - kn and tangential - ks stiffness are used as elastic characteristics of joints. It is shown that in such rocky structures it is impossible to apply the laws of mechanics of a solid elastic body to calculate their deformation characteristics, since the opening of interblock joints is observed when performing numerical experiments. The discrepancy between the results of numerical and analytical calculations is up to 40%. For these purposes, it is proposed to use the regression equation obtained on the basis of regression analysis based on the results of numerical modeling and the method of experiment planning. The presented equation allows, depending on three independent factors: the modulus of elasticity of the rock block - Eo, the rock quality designation index - RQD and the dip angles of systems of mutually orthogonal ioints – α, to determine the modulus of deformation ofthe rock mass.
The influence of the shape of high-rise buildings on the design features and methods of making foundations in difficult soil conditions
Authors: Marinichev Maxim
Published: January 2023

The methods of calculation and design of foundations considered in the article are applied in the construction of high-rise buildings of complex shape in heterogeneous soil conditions, leading in each case to minimizing costs. Considered in the article multi-storey and high-rise buildings have a complex geometry, which is further complicated by the location of objects in particularly difficult soil conditions - on construction sites with a significant difference in the marks of natural relief, at risk of developing landslide processes, as well as seismic impacts with an intensity of 8-9 points. For each of the examples under consideration, the final technical solution of the foundations is described, which made it possible to minimize the totality of complicating factors. To achieve the result, original methods of staged construction of foundations were used, based on previously carried out full-scale tests. To confirm the reliability of the developed methods, geotechnical monitoring was carried out during the construction and operation of facilities. Further development of methods for designing foundations in difficult soil conditions will make it possible to achieve greater efficiency in the consumption of material for the construction of foundations and buried structures.
The analysis of asbestos-cement shell pile performance under off-center loading and forced torsion
Authors: Gabibov Fakhraddin , Jamalov Jasarat , Ahmadova Aytan
Published: January 2023

The paper discusses the new design of a round pile with a relatively smoother surface, developed in an attempt to eliminate excessive negative friction forces. A theoretical study has been conducted into the performance of asbestos-cement shell pile exposed to off-center loading, which occurs in response to uneven deformations in the surrounding soil and seismic loads. The cross section of the upper eccentrically compressed part of a flexible asbestos-cement-pipe-concrete pile element is considered. When considering the stress-strain state of flexible eccentrically compressed asbestos-cement-pipe-concrete piles, the premise of compliance with the hypothesis of flat sections is accepted. With the predicted intensive development of loading friction forces, a method is proposed for preliminary turning these round piles around the axis to remove the main part of the adhesion between the side surface of the pile with the base soil. Theoretically, the stress-strain state of the indicated pile, which is formed during its torsion around the axis, was estimated. The pile is considered as a composite element consisting of a concrete cylinder and an asbestos-cement pipe. As a first approximation, we assume that there are no body forces, and the concrete core and the asbestos-cement shell are rigidly linked. According to the Saint-Venant principle, it can be considered that for a twisted rod at a sufficiently large distance from its ends, the stresses depend on the torque and do not depend on the method of distribution of the forces that give this moment over the end sections. Based on the basic equations of the theory of elasticity, it follows that in a pile of circular cross section, bounded by a concentrically round shell, the cross sections remain flat during torsion.
Algorithms for calculating the microturbulent exchange coefficient for a three-dimensional mathematical model of hydrodynamics of coastal systems
Authors: Atayan Asya , Belova Yulia , Chistyakov Alexader
Published: January 2023

The work is devoted to the construction of a model of turbulent exchange in shallow water bodies using the results of expeditionary measurements. The Kalman filter algorithm was used to filter field data. An algorithm for calculating the coefficient of vertical turbulent exchange, which decisively affects the heat and gas exchange of the coastal system, has been developed, which has made it possible to significantly reduce the effect f noise in the experimental data used. As a result of the numerical implementation of the developed algorithm, the coefficient of microturbulent exchange in the vertical direction was obtained for a three-dimensional mathematical model of hydrodynamics of coastal systems.
A software package for solving grid equations in areas with geometry "stretched" along one of the spatial directions
Authors: Litvinov Vladimir , Rudenko Nelli , Gracheva Natalya , Chistyakov Alexander
Published: January 2023

A method for solving grid equations in areas with geometry "stretched" along one of the spatial directions is proposed. Method proposed for model includes pollutants whose concentration in the Azov Sea, according to the analysis of scientific publications and environmental databases, exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The mechanism of the preconditioner formation is described. The estimation of the minimum and maximum eigenvalues is performed. Using object-oriented analysis and design, a class library has been implemented to solve the problem of impurity propagation in a shallow reservoir. The architecture of an information system to support scientific research capable of functioning in conditions of using heterogeneous computing environments is described. The system is based on the requirement of the maximum possible use of free software in order to minimize capital and operational costs. The system uses classes that allow you to read and write information about the geometry of the object under study and the parameters of the calculated grid. Numerical experiments were carried out using the developed software package, including the proposed mathematical model, focused on the multiprocessor computing system (MCS). The dependences of the SLAE solution time on the number of diagonals and the order of the matrix are obtained. The number of iterations for solving grid equations has been experimentally determined depending on the ratio of the number of nodes in spatial coordinates.
Mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic processes in shallow waters in the presence of pollutants of various origin, as well as areas covered with plastic waste
Authors: Nikitina Alla , Filina Alena , Chistyakov Alexander
Published: January 2023

The paper covers the modeling of hydrodynamic processes in shallow waters in the presence of pollutants of various types, as well as areas covered with plastic waste, including nano- and microplastics. The simulation performed using new and effective mathematical instruments, including assimilation methods of measurement data, restoration of the state function, diagnostics of quality of the developed models, the research the sensitivity of models to variations in input data, the integration of models with various scales. Interrelated non-stationary, spatially inhomogeneous mathematical models of hydrodynamics and biological kinetics of shallow waters were developed and numerically implemented. They describe non-linear processes of hydrophysics, biogeochemical cycles, transport and transformation of suspensions and sediments with microplastic particles and other pollutants, absorption of it by zooplankton and fish, movement of plastic particles through food, the forecast of their impact on the main hydrobionts of shallow waters of the Azov-Black Sea basin, including the Azov Sea, Taganrog Bay, Gelendzhik Bay. The models take into account the heat and salt transport; the complex, dynamically changing water geometry; friction on the bottom and wind stresses; turbulent and advective heat and mass exchange in three coordinate directions; the Coriolis force; river flows; evaporation, temperature and oxygen regimes. They make it possible to improve the accuracy of hydrophysical processes modeling in shallow waters, to detect vortex structures of currents that can be a natural pollution traps, including microplastic. Based on a supercomputer, a complex of application has been designed and adapted for solving predictive problems of water ecology and water resources management.
Intelligent analysis of Earth remote sensing data on the distribution of phytoplankton and pollutants in coastal systems
Authors: Belova Yulia , Razveeva Irina , Rakhimbaeva Elena
Published: January 2023

Currently, one of the topical areas of application of artificial intelligence methods in ensuring environmental monitoring of water resources is the analysis of Earth remote sensing images in order to control and prevent potentially dangerous changes in the environment. In the future, algorithms with elements of artificial intelligence form the basis of forecasting and decision-making systems. Systems for ensuring high-quality environmental monitoring can be improved using artificial intelligence methods, in particular, the development and application of special algorithms to prevent emergencies. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm using artificial intelligence to detect spots of substances of various origins on the water surface. It has been established that the YOLOv4 convolutional neural network is applicable for high-quality detection of oil spots and bloom spots of phytoplankton populations. The developed algorithm was tested on real satellite images and showed an accuracy of 84-94%.
Input parameters for simulation modeling of traffic capacity at intra-district intersection
Authors: Altunina Yulia , Laamarti Yuliya , Kuchmezov Khamzat , Zaichikova Inna , Patsakula Irina , Khachikyan Elena
Published: January 2023

The results of structuring, analysis and synthesis of objects and processes of the road network section in the northeastern part of Shchukino District in Moscow are presented in the article. The purpose of this study is to identify the key quantitative and qualitative indicators necessary to create a simulation model of the corresponding area. The features of transport and pedestrian flows of the road network section are distinguished.
Digital technologies as a modern tool of forensic construction and technical expertise
Authors: Butyrin Andrei , Stativa Ekaterina
Published: January 2023

Digitalisation is embracing more and more activities, including such an integral part of it as judicial proceedings. The effectiveness of judicial proceedings largely depends on forensic activities, the results of which provide evidence in criminal, administrative and civil proceedings. The structure and peculiarities of information support of forensic construction and technical expertise are determined by the goals and objectives of this or that type of expertise. The need for digital transformation of information support is very significant for experts working in any area of forensic expertise, but for construction experts this problem is the most acute. This is due to the very significant scope of forensic activities in this area. The list of issues dealt with by the construction forensic expert is comparable to the scope of those issues dealt with in the construction and operation of construction projects. It is impossible to conduct forensic construction investigations without constant use of scientific, normative-technical and methodological sources both modern and previously published. All these facts determined the necessity of formation and development of the system of information support of this activity which meets the requirements of the present time. The article presents the basic principles, the observance of which ensures the efficiency and effectiveness of this system. The list of the specified principles includes: a principle of necessity of the information, a principle of obligatory knowledge of a degree of reliability of the information, principles of its completeness and a variety, principles of urgency and simplicity, a principle of flexibility of information system, a principle of ordering (distribution) of databases, a principle of minimization of number of search actions, a principle of integration of information system and a principle of protection of the information against unauthorized access. The authors also consider in detail in relation to the problems of forensic construction and technical expertise the principles of information system functioning, which include: the principle of combination of stability of information sources and operative systematic replenishment of new information, the principle of operative information supply, the principle of adequacy of information response to experts' enquiries, the principle of advance of information «supply» of information «demand». The structureand content of funds of primary and secondary sources of information support of forensic construction-technical expert examination is alsopresented, as well as the prospects of development of information support system of this type of forensic activities with the use of digital technologies, based on the fact that the results of its functioning must meet the requirements of modern legal proceedings.
Modeling of value-based and meaningful choice situation for trainees in digital pedagogy
Authors: Abakumova Irina , Mironenkova Natalya
Published: January 2023

This paragraph is devoted to the peculiarities of creating value-based and meaningful choice situations for students in the conditions of digital pedagogy. As part of the study, a didactic model was developed in the pedagogical process, aimed at increasing the motivation of students by creating situations of sense choice using information and communication technologies (ICT). The proposed model of value-based and meaningful choice situations for students includes: purpose, principles, content, technologies, methods and teaching techniques. These components in the complex regulate emotional and sensitive as well as motivational and value-based manifestations of students in situations of choice. The diverse content is integrated into students’ personal sense, and technologies and methods directly “incorporate” the student’s sense development process.
Digital technologies in art education: problems, solutions
Authors: Goryacheva Elena
Published: January 2023

Digital technologies, which entered education at the beginning of the 21th century, are actively developing in connection with the prevailing conditions in society throughout the planet in 2020-2021. They have influenced both the education system in general and the artistic direction, especially in distance learning. The developments of scientists and teachers presented at the last congress of sociologists ROS and psychological and pedagogical concepts of humanistic, personality-oriented education contain a discussion of the existing digital space and proposals for the organization of digital education in higher education, including the artistic students' specialization. Based on this and the didactic concept of teaching, we continued the author's methods of optimizing the artistic activity of students in distance learning at a university, described in previous articles, reflecting its specificity, results of the application, and outlined prospects for this direction of creative activity that develops personality in modern conditions.
Features of non-verbal communication in the process of online counseling and distance learning
Authors: Korochentseva Anna
Published: January 2023

Interest in non-verbal behavior as the "external self of the individual", in the formation of attitudes towards a person based on the interpretation of non-verbal signals has long been present in both popular science and research papers. This concept combines a wide range of expression elements that allows you to look into the inner world of a person, understand what he feels and how to relate to the perceived information. All this emphasizes the important role of non-verbal communication in the process of interaction, and is of particular relevance in the modern world, in which many processes associated with communication and learning have switched to a remote format. In this regard, special attention deserves the difficulties that arise in the process of non-verbal communication in a remote form, or rather the limitations that are associated with the inability to access the full picture of non-verbal manifestations. These limitations are of particular importance in the process of consultative psychological work, when the psychologist is faced with the inability to see the full range of non-verbal reactions, as well as in educational activities that are carried out in an online format and involve various forms of feedback in the form of non-verbal responses. The study involved 48 university students aged 17 to 23 years old, including 28 boys and 32 girls and 20 counseling psychologists, women aged 27 to 46 years old. The following methods were used: "Personal semantic differential", the questionnaire of V. N. Labunskaya "Non-verbal characteristics of communication", a modified questionnaire "The degree of satisfaction with the components of the image", developed by V. M. Shepel, a questionnaire for psychologists ("Non-verbal communication in the process of online counseling" , compiled by A.V. Korochentseva). The study made it possible to establish on what elements of non-verbal behavior students build an idea of a teacher in the process of online learning, as well as what non-verbal difficulties psychologists face in the process of online counseling, interacting with a client.
Professional standard "Digital tutor" as the guidance for the specialist of a new profile
Authors: Meskhi Besarion , Fedotova Olga , Latun Vladimir
Published: January 2023

In this article the following notions are characterized: the concept, structural and substantive features of the professional standard "Consultant in the development of digital competence of the population (Digital tutor)," which regulates the activities of representatives of a new breakthrough profession in ensuring digital literacy of the population. It was pointed that the development and implementation of this professional standard meets the requirements of time and the need of the population to use information and communication technologies in the transition to the fifth technological order, for which the competencies of the digital economy are urgently needed. Based on the interpretation of the results of the content analytical study, it was proved that the professional standard is focused on two groups of competencies – IT (Information technology) and pedagogical. They are presented in three clusters: "Labor actions," "Necessary skills" and "Necessary knowledge." The content of these clusters determines the training requirements for future specialists. There is a bias towards the requirements for information technology training to the detriment of pedagogical training, despite the fact that the pedagogical activity aiming to educate the population of various typological groups should dominate. A loss of logical sequence was established when designing the content of the pedagogical unit, the lack of accounting for the initial level of pedagogical awareness at the stage of selecting potential tutors. Thematic gaps were identified in determining the content of pedagogical training between the requirements for specialists of the third and fifth qualification groups.
Development of communicative competencies among junior schoolchildren with learning difficulties in e-learning conditions
Authors: Skuratovskaya M.L. , Romanova E.A. , Kobrina L.M.
Published: January 2023

The article reviews the problem of forming communicative competencies among junior schoolchildren with persistent learning difficulties. Features of speech development of this category of students are disclosed. Modern scientific ideas about the structure of communicative universal educational actions are considered. Speech and socio-psychological skills are defined, which form the basis of each structural component of communicative universal educational actions. Method of diagnostics of communicative universal actions in students with persistent learning difficulties and peculiarities of development of communicative universal educational actions identified in them during diagnostics are presented. The stages of pedagogical activity on formation of communicative universal educational actions in junior schoolchildren with persistent difficulties in learning are indicated.
The use of mobile applications in the study of environmental safety monitoring issues in a foreign language
Authors: Kopaneva Tatiana , Manuilova Natalya , Zakharova Anna , Pervil Tatiana
Published: January 2023

Due to climate changes caused by scientific and technological progress, there is a need to monitor and track environmental indicators. A new mobile learning technology (m Learning) has been proposed to monitor indicators and track them in mobile applications. There is a need to adjust and update the modern educational process by introducing mobile technologies, including weather and environmental informers. This increases awareness about the state of the environment in the region where students live, simultaneously stimulates their motivation to learn a foreign language and contributes to the interest of society in preserving the environment. The article emphasizes that it is necessary to maintain a balance between the use of the traditional educational process and mobile learning, which is due to the psychology of students' perception of mobile devices and applications. The article is aimed at finding ways to introduce existing mobile applications into the educational process in order to increase public interest in the processes of negative climate change and environmental safety
Linguistic and socio-cultural adaptation of foreign students at university
Authors: Murugova Elena , Semenova Marina , Shirina Elena , Gaybaryan Olga
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the issues of linguistic and cultural adaptation of students, the problems they face in a new environment. According to the results of the research, the patterns of connections between the student's personality, socio-cultural skills, academic performance and adaptation to new linguistic and cultural realities are revealed. The process of adaptation is manifested in the verbal behavior of foreign-speaking students. Experimental studies show the length of social and cultural contact, the connection with the former mates, who remained at home. This makes it possible to model the process of replacing old contacts with new ones, how this process affects learning, to what extent the formation of a team is determined by the socio-demographic characteristics of students
Features of empathy among students of the direction "Ecology and nature management" with different mathematical abilities and strategies for conveying meaning
Authors: Suroedova Elena , Popov Dmitry , Belousova Marina
Published: January 2023

Today, the entire education of the Russian Federation is being reformed, high requirements for the quality of education have been set. The restructuring and integration of the world educational process expects high efficiency of all educational activities, therefore, the problem of the study of mathematical abilities and the ability to convey meaning of students is particularly relevant today. Equally important is the problem of educating socially approved personality traits in the younger generation, including empathy. The study allowed us to establish that students with an average level of development of mathematical abilities have significantly less formed empathy, and vice versa, with the development of communicative properties, there is an increase in empathy abilities. It has been established that empathy is best formed in students of the direction "Ecology and nature management" with an active, emotionally dominant and cognitively dominant strategy for conveying meaning.
Ways and means of creating expressiveness in English and Russian-language advertisements during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tsybenko Elzara , Vartanova Natalia , Volodina Marina
Published: January 2023

Covid 19 is a turning point in the development of society and certainly it has an impact on language in general and the language of advertising in particular. This article analyses the complex nexus of multi-dimensional impacts of the pandemic on the advertising text. The advertising text is oversaturated with linguistic means, with the help of which information is most effectively transmitted, aimed at a potential consumer in order to encourage them to take an action related to the acquisition (use) of goods and services. The special organization of the advertising text (stylistic devices, special syntax, "reinforced" punctuation) betrays the pragmatic aspect of the message. In this article, based on the material of advertising texts during the COVID-19 pandemic, the means of expressiveness in English and Russian-language advertisements are considered and analyzed at the phonetic, syntactic and punctuation levels of the language. The means of strengthening the pragmatic potential of the advertising text include, first of all, expressiveness. Expressiveness is one of the most important potential enhancers of an advertising message. The way expressiveness is one of the key linguistic problems. In this article, we focused on the significance of the linguistic essence of expressiveness, its place and structure in the language system in order to analyze the expressive possibilities of expressive means, the conditions and methods of their use in an advertising text.
Terms and phrases of the coronavirus era as a manifestation of linguoecological processes and their fixation in dictionaries
Authors: Fomina Olga , Potanina Olga
Published: January 2023

In the modern Russian language a huge amount of terms and terminological combinations appear, which quickly come into use, but do not remain in our language for a long time. The reason for this phenomenon is that to some extent they are alien, they are a kind of mix, a mixture of languages, they are poorly remembered and understandable, especially for older people. And the appearance of such "temporary" words in dictionaries is also an ambiguous question. On the one hand, they should have time to become common before they are forgotten. This is especially true of the words and expressions of the coronavirus era, since the pandemic is a temporary phenomenon. On the other hand, sometimes it is quite difficult to interpret the terms that have come from other languages and carry a definite linguistic and cultural trail. This paper just examines the issues of global changes in the Russian language culture through the prism of such a scientific approach as linguistic ecology. The authors talk about the changed language situation and try to understand whether it is possible to include newly appeared words of the coronavirus era in dictionaries, taking into account the experience of compiling and describing termins of linguistic ecology.
Socio-cultural changes influenced by information and communication technology
Authors: Petrova Yulia , Pervukhina Svetlana
Published: January 2023

Information and communication technologies have eliminated communication barriers, transformed forms of communication into social sustainability, created a global virtual community with its own language and culture. The list of Internet phenomena, which includes elements of a mass culture modified by technology, is long indeed. It is apparent that social media platforms, being part of the innovation process in modern society, have had and continue to have an impact on people's identity, especially on the cultural identity and emotional tendencies of young people. The objective of this study is to consider these ongoing changes influenced by information and communication technologies. To achieve the objective, the hypothesis is put forward that information and communication technologies contribute to satisfying the need for communication and obtaining information, create the language picture of the virtual world on a global scale, have a significant impact on the emotional component and cultural universals of young people. The study consists of two parts. The first part is a systematic review of the scientific literature focused on social media platforms and the influence of such dynamic parameters as speed and scale of interaction on socio-cultural changes, emotional tendencies, attitudes and behavior of representatives of youth culture. The second part contains a logical conclusion on socio-psychological changes based on the results of a survey aimed at collecting the data necessary to analyse the use of social media technologies and to identify dominant platforms in the youth environment.
The impact of information resource management of a high-tech enterprise of the aircraft industry on its competitiveness in conditions of increased economic security requirements
Authors: Shcheulina T.V.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the problem of ensuring the competitiveness of a high-tech enterprise of the aircraft industry by optimal management of its information and other basic resources in conditions of increased economic security requirements is investigated. Modern approaches to the creation of an effective management system for high-tech enterprises of the aircraft industry based on the results of the analysis of its economic and mathematical model are analyzed. As a result of the conducted research, the task of creating a special information subsystem for managing information and other basic resources of a high-tech enterprise in the aircraft industry (using the example of material, technical and information components) was formulated and solved in order to modernize the management activities of such an enterprise as a component of the overall system for ensuring its competitiveness in foreign and domestic markets in conditions of increased economic security requirements.
Challenges and prospects for unmanned urban transport
Authors: Smirnov Anton , Smolokurov Evgeniy , Mazhazhikhov Alim
Published: January 2023

The article deals with current problems and prospects of development of urban unmanned transport. The rapid development of autonomous transport, artificial intelligence, and other information technologies makes it possible to introduce unmanned vehicles in urban public transport systems, primarily buses. The technological factors and obstacles for the development of unmanned public transport systems are summarised. Despite the fact that the capacity of such buses in current use is still small, a maximum of about 15 people, the routes are relatively short, and the use is mainly in test mode, the use of these vehicles, especially in large urban agglomerations, seems undoubtedly promising. The article presents an analysis of the main features and incentives for the development of unmanned public transport, gives a brief overview of pilot systems of autonomous public transport in European cities, considers obstacles to the development of these systems and the experience of development of unmanned public transport in Russia, and formulates assumptions about the future development of this transport segment. The first steps towards full autonomy and widespread use of unmanned urban public transport, however, this path will not be taken quickly.
Digital technologies in transport logistics in Russia by the example of the European Union
Authors: Smirnov Anton , Smolokurov Evgeniy , Tarikov Vladimir , Krovsh Sergei
Published: January 2023

At the beginning of the 21st century, the world is undergoing a global computerisation of both production and the global economy.Digitalisation is optimising costs and opening up new sources of income.Statistical observation has shown that the Russian Federation has a low Logistics Performance Index. Furthermore, there is an inequality in digitalisation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The article examines the problems and prospects of digitalisation in the transport and logistics industry. The main problems are the lack of competent, professional staff, as well as inefficient management. The question of the transition from a more extensive model of transport and logistics infrastructure development using digital technology to an intensive model that improves the quality of services provided and, consequently, competitiveness arises. The most innovative technologies used by companies are identified. It is concluded that the use of digital technologies in the transport and logistics industry has a direct impact on the quality of services provided, ensures road safety, and contributes to the optimization of logistics processes
Communications as an ESG factor of sustainable development: analysis of the media discourse of social networks
Authors: Druzhba Olga , Orekhova Larisa
Published: January 2023

The problematization of the study is based on the identification and analysis of social factors of sustainable development. In the ESG system, communication factors help shape the public space. The problems of ESG principles and factors are increasingly reflected in today's media news, which is manifested in the growth of publicity and replication of this topic in social media.. The article examines the influence of new media on public relations and relations, on the processes of socialization of new generations entering life. The modern media industry is transforming business models and management decisions driven by trends for sustainable development, significant changes are taking place in socio-cultural life, in the field of media and communications. Social media plays an important role in ensuring sustainable development. Communications that are initiated in the information space make it possible to convey the meanings of the values of sustainable development to audiences using various tools and media channels. The accounts of various social networks generate and retransmit content that can contribute to the promotion of the principles of sustainable development. The analysis of the media discourse of social networks made it possible to identify the pain points of this process. The research is aimed at identifying the specifics of public relations, the formation of a culture of media behavior in social networks of representatives of different generations and the importance of communication in order to implement the concept of sustainable development.
Use of ANN model in economies
Authors: Ćetković Jasmina , Knežević Miloš , Žarković Miloš
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the authors made their contribution by constructing a model for the forecast of average annual net earnings in the EU countries. The model is based on the artificial neural network (ANN) use and for the needs of its creation the authors have presented their proposal for a model entry – economic variables that determine earnings. Generally, implementing an economic policy aimed at preventing stagnation of earnings levels can be achieved by running a sustainable earnings policy and our model can be used as an acceptable tool in the function of keeping that policy.
Study of the value orientations and soft skills in modern senior high school students (in the context of the doctrine of sustainable development)
Authors: Pozharskaya Elena , Golosnov Oleg , Popova Svetlana , Mezinova Galina
Published: January 2023

The concept of sustainable development involves maintaining the stability of social systems through the development of human capital. The formation of values and universal skills of the youth population is an important component of human capital. The article studies the problem of the universal readiness of school leavers for academic activity and professional labor that is expressed by the degree of formation of value orientations, which are the basis for non-specialized soft skills. The level of development of soft skills of senior high school students in modern comprehensive schools, that ensures the behavioral characteristics of self-organization and work ethics, depends on the values they share, which were studied using the survey method. The randomized survey of senior high school students in Rostov region (N = 4037, 59.3% of girls), carried out in 2019, was aimed at identification of the elements of social collectivism - social egoism in the minds of young people and normative - deviant components of behavior motivation. The studied value orientations of young people were re-duced to social-cognitive elements and attitudes. The authors proceeded from the fact that evident social collectivism - social egoism is directly associated with manifestations of normative / deviant behavior. As a result of processing of the data obtained, a quantitative analysis and explication of the development of value orientations and soft skills in the field of work and organizational ethics of the modern contingent of secondary school students was represented, what made it possible to formulate the preferential directions of pedagogic work.
Improving the energy characteristics of a solar photoelectric station of spherical and cylindrical surface shapes for the power supply of remote rural areas and agricultural enterprises
Authors: Strebkov Dmitry , Shogenov Yuriy , Penjiyev Ahmet , Meskhi Besarion , Rudoy Dmitry
Published: January 2023

One of the actual tasks of generating electricity is to increase the energy efficiency of solar photoelectric stations (SPS) in uneven lighting. The purpose of the work is to study the energy characteristics of the SPS under uneven lighting to improve the energy efficiency of solar power plants, including those for agro–industrial enterprises located and operating in remote rural areas, on sloping lands, mountainous and foothill terrain, where the efficiency of the SPS can be higher than on the plain due to a higher level of illumination. The methods of mathematical analysis with application of geometric optics, photoelectric conversion methods and construction physics in solar engineering are used. Analytical calculations were carried out to clarify the design parameters of the SPS that are made in the form of a sphere and a cylinder. The article presents the results of theoretical studies of the electrical characteristics of SPS made in the form of a sphere and a cylinder under uneven illumination of solar photoelectric modules (SPM). The relationship of electrical power and the number of SPS in the SPS is determined by the methods of mathematical statistics. As a result of studies of the electrical characteristics of SPS in uneven lighting, the following results were obtained: for SPS in the form of a sphere, small-area SPS have energy efficiency 32% more than large-area SPS; for SPS in the form of a cylinder of small-area SPS, energy efficiency increases by 19% compared to large-area SPS. The relationship between electrical power and the number of SPS was determined using the coefficient of determination, which is equal to: for a spherical surface - 36.2%, for a cylindrical one - 26.6%.
ϕ-FEM: an optimally convergent and easily implementable immersed boundary method for particulate flows and Stokes equations
Authors: Duprez Michel , Lleras Vanessa , Lozinski Alexei
Published: January 2023

We present an immersed boundary method to simulate the creeping motion of a rigid particle in a fluid described by the Stokes equations discretized thanks to a finite element strategy on unfitted meshes, called ϕ-FEM, that uses the description of the solid with a level-set function. One of the advantages of our method is the use of standard finite element spaces and classical integration tools, while maintaining the optimal convergence (theoretically in the H1 norm for the velocity and L2 for pressure; numerically also in the L2 norm for the velocity).
Real-time multiplex PCR for human echinococcosis and differential diagnosis
Authors: Knapp Jenny , Lallemand Séverine , Monnien Franck , Felix Sophie , Courquet Sandra , Umhang Gérald , Millon Laurence
Published: January 2023

Molecular identification of rare human infectious pathogens appears to be one of the most relevant current methods for rapid diagnosis and management of patients. PCR techniques, in particular real-time quantitative PCR, are best suited for the detection of DNA from the pathogens, even at low concentrations. Echinococcosis infections are due to helminths of the Echinococcus genus, with closely related species involved in parasitic lesions affecting animals and, accidentally, humans. We developed a multiplex qPCR (MLX qPCR) assay allowing for the detection of four Echinococcus species involved in Europe in alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) (Echinococcus multilocularis, E. granulosus sensu stricto, E. ortleppi, and E. canadensis), based on short mitochondrial targets. A collection of 81 fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) of AE and CE lesions was assembled. The qPCR assays were performed in triplex for Echinococcus spp. detection, associated with a qPCR inhibitor control. A duplex qPCR was also designed to enable diagnosis of two other dead-end helminthiases (cysticercosis (Taenia solium), and toxocariasis (Toxocara cati and T. canis)). The sensitivity of the qPCR was assessed and ranged from 1 to 5 × 10−4 ng/μL (seven PCR assays positive), corresponding to 37–42 cycles for quantifiable DNA. The specificity was 100% for all the targets. This multiplex qPCR, adapted to low amounts of DNA can be implemented in the laboratory for the rapid molecular diagnosis of Echinococcosis species.