bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies to Improve Sustainable Competitive Advantage in the Halal Industry Through Knowledge Sharing: HR Perspective
Authors: Rahmat Taufiq , Ahman Eeng , Apriliani Diah
Published: December 2024

The halal industry in Indonesia faces significant challenges in establishing a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in an increasingly competitive global market. One key factor that could support this advantage is the adoption of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices and the promotion of green knowledge sharing. This study investigates the relationship between GHRM practices, green knowledge sharing, and the achievement of SCA within the Indonesian halal industry. Employing a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, the study utilizes the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory to analyze relevant literature. The search was conducted using Scopus and Google Scholar databases, focusing on GHRM, knowledge sharing, and competitive advantage. The findings indicate that GHRM positively influences SCA, with green knowledge sharing acting as both a mediator and moderator that strengthens this effect. Additionally, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), driven by green leadership, further contributes to the achievement of SCA. This research offers theoretical insights into the application of RBV within the halal industry and underscores the significance of green knowledge sharing and OCB in fostering sustainable competitive advantage. The practical implication of these findings highlights the importance of implementing effective GHRM practices and cultivating a green knowledge-sharing culture to enhance sustainability in the halal sector. The study's limitation lies in its reliance on existing literature, without empirical analysis in the field.
Measure and Compare Physiochemical Properties of Apples Cultivars (Red and Yellow) and Physiological Properties of Banana Fruit
Authors:   Department of Postharvest Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia, Alemu Tolcha Techane , Kim Oanh Vu Thim ,   Department of Post-harvest Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to understand changes of physicochemical properties of fruits of two apple cultivars (red and
yellow) as influenced by stage of maturity and physiological properties of banana fruits. Results indicated that maturity stage
at harvest significantly (P<0.05) affected quality of apple cultivars and banana fruits. The result of study showed red apple
cultivar has higher TSS, diameter, weight and a-value while the yellow cultivar apple has higher firmness, b* and L*- values.
Apple red cultivar showed higher diameter (65.9 mm), higher TSS (14.6%), L* (46) and a* (22) values and yellow apple
cultivar depicted higher firmness 10.04 N and b* values (26.7). The study also depicted that, ripe banana exhibited higher
intensity respiration CO2
and ethylene production compare to green banana. However, during storage conditions, the cold
storage exhibited lower intensity respiration CO2 and ethylene production. Ripe banana showed maximum intensity respiration
7.6 CO2
(LCO2
/kg/h) and ethylene 7.4 𝜇𝐿C2
H4
/kg*h. However, during room temperature at 32oC and cold storage at 13oC
temperature, bananas stored at room temperature revealed higher respiration 1.2 CO2
(LCO2
/kg/h) and 1.64 𝜇𝐿C2
H4
/kg*h
ethylene compared with cold storage 0.9 CO2
(LCO2
/kg/h) and 1.1 𝜇𝐿C2
H4
/kg*h respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that
the choice of fruit picking time (maturity stage) plays a key role in influencing the quality attributes of apple cultivar fruits.
Further research is recommended on more quality parameters with different types of apple and banana varieties.
Urban Climate Health Risks and Resilience
Authors:   Nalanda University, School of Management Studies, Sustainable Urbanization and Devel-opment, Marolla Cesar ,   Industrial Economics Inc, lead-author, Climate Resilience and Investment, sub-Saharan Africa; the World Bank Group
Published: December 2024

The effects of climate change health impacts on urban healthcare systems and vulnerable populations are a researched
topic with foundations on urban risk management, urban health methodologies, and sustainable urbanization. As climate
change is a dynamic and transform-ative global issue the gap between adaptation and mitigation efforts and urban
planning relies, among other things, on the limitations of previous studies of risk management structures tailored to the
existing strategy to calculate the uncertainties and predict their influence on urban systems and subsystems. Moreover,
Although, there is vast documentation on health and urbanization challenges facing climate change impacts, little is known
about climate health risks affecting the megacities’ urban poor and the available methodologies to cope with climate
health risks in urban environments. Climate and health is a well-researched issue, it is also complex as the methodologies
and strategic approach to minimize health risks of climate change are intrinsically contingent on risk methodologies and
policy-making processes that are efficient with support of knowledge-based information. This paper emphasizes the need
for strategic applications and frameworks on urban health risk management methods that identify potential opportunities,
and then manage and take action to prevent adverse health effects. It also emphasizes the probability of events and their
consequences, which are measurable both qualitatively and quantitatively
Comparison of Epidemiology of Patients Presented with Health Care Associated-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Community Associated-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection attending at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Akhter Hasina , Moureen Adneen , Zabeen Ahmed Parvez , Hossain Farhana , Islam Rafiqul , Yusuf Md. Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Background: MRSA is an emerging pathogen worldwide and is usually detected in hospitals and other health care facilities.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the epidemiology of patients presented with health care associated-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and community associated-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Methodology: This study was designed as descriptive type of cross sectional type study. This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The specimens were collected from indoor as well as OPD of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study was conducted from January 2013 to June 2013 for a period of six (06) months. All patients at any age with both sexes presented with skin infection, soft tissue infection, urinary tract infection (UTI), burn wound, surgical site infection, orthopedic wound, puerperal sepsis as well as infection at anybody surface area who were attended at OPD as well as indoor department of hospital were selected as study population. The laboratory diagnosis was confirmed by microbiological test.
Results: A total number of 290 patients presented with infections were enrolled for this study of which 145 patients were included in group A designated as CA-MRSA infection and the rest 145 patients were included in group B designated as HA-MRSA infection. Majority of the patients are in the 15 to 30 years’ age group in both group A and group B which were 80(55.2%) cases in each. However less than 15 years’ age group was the next most common in group A which is 22(15.2%) cases. The mean (±SD) age of group A and B was 30.43 (±16.131) and 29.43 (±15.648) years respectively. The difference of mean age between group A and B was not statistically significant (p=0.593). Low socio-economic condition patient was found in 63(43.4%) cases and 48(33.1%) cases in group A and B respectively. History of smoking was present in 29(20.0%) cases and 24(16.6%) cases in group A and B respectively. Urban dwellers were found in 50(34.5%) cases and 46(31.7%) cases in group A and B respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion history of smoking is found more common in group A than group B more urban dwellers in group A than group B.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, January 2024;18(1):3-10
Post Operative Persistent Discharging Sinus: A case report of Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria infection in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Halder Kakali , Zaman Rizwana , Tania Noor-E-Jannat , Kabir Rubaiya Binte , Haque Azmeri , Habib Farjana Binte , Tanni Nusrat Noor , Nesa Meherun , Chowdhury Mahbuba , Shahid Sazzad Bin
Published: December 2024

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in nature can usually cause diseases in skin and soft tissue, post-surgical wound infection, pneumonia, infective endocarditis in healthy individual. A patient from neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital was referred to the Department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College with the complaints of chronic serous discharge from a pre-auricular sinus after 3 months of craniectomy operation. To detect the causative organism microbiological evaluation was done thoroughly including Gram stain, Zeihl-Neelsen stain, microscopy for fungus, culture and GeneXpert. NTM was identified and antibiotic combination of different classes was used which included clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, linezolid and amikacin for extended duration. Regular follow-up was taken and patient improved gradually and completely cured.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, January 2024;18(1):56-60
Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistant Pattern and Genotypic Detection of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Different Clinical Specimens of Patients Admitted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Nazmun , Khoda Md. Mahbub E , Uddin Mohammad Nazim , Shamsuzzaman SM , Jahan Hosne
Published: December 2024

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii infection treatment has become a clinical challenge due to the increasing resistance of the bacteria to different classes of antimicrobial agents and it needs to be identified before exposure to patients.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii with its antibiotic-resistant patterns.
Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional study that was done from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019 at the Microbiology Department of Dhaka Medical College. Clinical samples including endotracheal aspirates, blood, urine, sputum, wound swabs, and pus were collected from the patients from the intensive care unit, burn unit, general wards, and outpatient department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital. Acinetobacter baumannii organisms were identified by biochemical tests and Gram staining, and the resistance pattern was determined by using the disc diffusion method for all antibiotics except for colistin, which was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration.
Results: Among 500 clinical samples, 13.31% Acinetobacter baumannii were identified. Most of these showed resistance to fluoroquinolones, carbapenem, amikacin, the extended spectrum of cephalosporin, β-lactam, and β-lactamase inhibitors. However, the least resistant drug was tigecycline (8.88%). About 62.22% MDR, 28.89% A. baumannii were identified.
Conclusion: Acinetobacter baumannii is showing increasing resistance to colistin and tigecycline.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, January 2024;18(1):37-43
Pattern of Bacterial Isolates and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Patients attended at a tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Firoza , Khaled Md. Saifuddin , Akhter Farida , Khan Md Jahangir , Yusuf Md. Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Background: Different bacteria can cause the chronic suppurative otitis media.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the pattern of bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of chronic suppurative otitis media patients.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried in the Department of Microbiology in collaboration with the Department of ENT at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh from July 2017 to June 2018 for a period of one year. In this study, aural swab was taken from patients presented with CSOM and isolation and identification of bacterial species were done by standard microbiological methods. The Kirby Bauer’s modified disc diffusion test was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the recovered bacterial isolates.
Results: Out of 80 ear swabs processed, 42(52.5%) cases were positive by culture and microscopy.  No growth was reported in 38 (47.5%) samples. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella species and Proteus species. Most of the Gram negative bacilli were sensitive to imipenem (100%), meropenem (90.9%), amikacin (85%), gentamicin (72.2%), levofloxacin (60%), azithromycin (52.4%), and ciprofloxacin (52.4%). Gram positive cocci were sensitive to imipenem (100.0%), meropenem (100.0%), amikacin (100.0%), gentamicin (83.3%), ceftriaxone (75.0%), azithromycin (60.0%), erythromycin (50.0%), and ciprofloxacin (28.6%).
Conclusion: In conclusion the most commonly isolated bacteria are Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella species and Proteus species.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, January 2024;18(1):30-36
'Animals Continue to Gather': Animality and the Desubjectification of Feminine Desire in Jennifer's Body
Authors: Gibbs Georgia
Published: December 2024

This article examines the depiction of interspecies kinship in the 2009 queer horror-comedy film Jennifer's Body through analysis of the 2007 film script. The article centers on scenes of women and various species of non-human animals gathering to form an ‘interspecies pack’. Through these scenes, Jennifer's Body taps into a significant history of cultural association between feminine desire and interspecies kinship. From the maenads of ancient Greece to the witches of early-modern Europe, to the Disney princesses of the USA, the interspecies pack functions as a powerful evocation of feminine desire within the dominant Western imaginary. This analysis aims to develop frameworks for reading depictions of kinship between women and non-human animals outside the interpretive confines of analogy. This work thereby attends to Patricia MacCormack's ethical injunction to feminist analysis to think ‘the animal’ beyond its use as anthropomorphic representation (2005). The article takes Barbara Creed's psychoanalysis of ‘the monstrous-feminine' as a point of departure and utilizes Deleuze and Guattari's theorization of the pack (Deleuze and Guattari, 1987, 26-38; 239-250). The interspecies pack is read as a model for desire that decenters the human(ist) subject. The depiction of women as participants within interspecies packs therefore opens up liberatory possibilities for encountering feminine desire outside its representation as the desire of a human subject. To examine how participation within the interspecies pack decomposes the human(ist) subject, this article focuses on three ways the pack functions. Firstly, as the production of (interspecies and queer) relations outside of naturalized kinship structures. Secondly, as the presence of desire outside of human subjectivity. Thirdly, as the envelopment of the human subject within a metamorphic, fluid dimension of matter that cuts across species.
A 1-year per-patient cost of therapy administration analysis of mosunetuzumab and tisagenlecleucel in relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma patients receiving two or more lines of systemic therapy
Authors: Bellone Marco , Sabinot Alice , D’Arpino Alessandro , Omodeo Salè Emanuela , Ghislieri Daniela , Pradelli Lorenzo
Published: December 2024

Objective: A per-patient cost of therapy administration model was developed to estimate the cost of mosunetuzumab vs. tisagenlecleucel in patients with relapsing or refractory follicular lymphoma (R/R FL) receiving two or more lines of systemic therapy (3L+) from both the Italian hospital and societal perspectives.
Methods: A per-patient total cost of therapy administration model was developed to compare the resource consumption of two treatments – mosunetuzumab and tisagenlecleucel. The model considered direct costs such as healthcare labor costs for drug preparation and administration, non-drug consumable costs, and drug purchase. Indirect costs such as patient and caregiver’s loss of productivity, transportation, and relocation were also considered. The unit costs and resource use data were retrieved from literature and standard Italian tariffs. To appraise the impact of patients’ residency on access-to-care and out-of-pocket expenses, three scenario analyses were conducted.
Results: Over 1 year, mosunetuzumab costs approximately one-fourth of tisagenlecleucel per patient. The base-case scenario showed a hospital cost reduction of €158,870 per patient with mosunetuzumab, increasing to €161,974 when including societal costs. Scenario analyses for the societal perspective estimated cost differences of −€161,170, −€166,507, and −€166,811 for scenarios A, B, and C, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that tisagenlecleucel’s price had the greatest impact on cost differences, followed by mosunetuzumab’s price.
Conclusions: This analysis identifies mosunetuzumab as an accessible therapeutic option for 3L+ R/R FL patients in Italy. Future research should collect real-time data and evaluate long-term outcomes.
Assessing Resources Devoted to Electronic Reporting and Automation Among Central Cancer Registries Meeting National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) Quality Standards
Authors: Tangka Florence K. L. , Beizer Jenny , Cole-Beebe Maggie , Bernacet Amarilys , Brown Stephen , Pordell Paran , Wilson Reda , Subramanian Sujha
Published: December 2024

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has emphasized a need for data modernization initiatives (DMIs) to improve the quality and timeliness of cancer surveillance data. To guide such DMI efforts, we need data on the resources required to generate high-quality data. Twenty-one central cancer registries (CCRs) collected data from July 2020 to June 2021. We explored the potential relationship between resources for (1) electronic reporting and automation and (2) the quality of CCR data. We then compared activity-based costs of registries that always (n = 8), sometimes (n = 6), or seldom/never (n = 7) met data quality standards for completeness, timeliness, duplicate rate, and missing values. We found the registries that consistently met data quality standards used more resources on setting up processes to acquire data, training staff, and processing data. Compared to high-quality registries, registries that seldom/never met quality standards spent the most on case finding/data abstraction of non-hospital records. This study provides key findings for resource use, which can guide advancements when implementing electronic reporting and automation to improve CCR operations.
Reconfiguring the Kazakhstan Pension System: How Can Canadian and OECD Experience Be Helpful?
Authors: Tolymbek Almaz , Utegulova Bakhytgul
Published: December 2024

This study examines the current state of Kazakhstan’s public pension system, comparing its performance and asset structure to OECD countries. It highlights structural and regulatory issues within the national pension market that hinder adequate retirement savings for the population. A key concern is the low real rate of return by the national pension fund, potentially jeopardizing its ability to meet future retirement needs amidst rising inflation. The study analyzes the Canadian pension system as a model, showcasing a three-layer structure that fosters diverse sources of pension benefits, ensuring sustainable income for retirees. It recommends considering group (employer-based) and private (individual) registered pension programs, common in developed countries, to generate additional pension income. Supportive legal and tax frameworks are crucial to encourage participation in these programs. Drawing on Canadian and OECD experiences, the study offers suggestions for reconfiguring Kazakhstan’s pension system to enhance its performance and sustainability, ultimately leading to higher pension payouts for future retirees.
Development of New Models Using Empirical Modeling of Global Solar Radiation and Its Application in Usak City, Turkey
Authors: Ersan Rabia , Külcü Recep
Published: December 2024

With this study, 12 empirical models in the literature, 2 new models developed within the scope of this study, SARAH and CMSAF satellite-based models, COSMO and ERA5 re-analysis solar radiation data sets in the PVGIS database were compared in order to detect the monthly average global solar radiation coming to the horizontal plane of Usak province. New models developed within the scope of the study; it uses the region's temperature, cloudiness coefficient and sunset hour angle. In comparison of the datas within the scope of the study; coefficient of determination (R²), mean percent error (MPE), deviation error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE), absolute relative error (ARE) parameters were used. As a result of the evaluations, the method that most successfully predicts the global solar radiation values of Usak province was tried to be determined. According to the monthly evaluation of the models; It was determined that 14 models and satellite-based systems have absolute relative error values below 5% in March-April-May-June, September-October and December. The most accurate estimates were realized for May in 16 of 18 different estimation methods used in the study. The coefficient of determination of empirical models and PVGIS data sets was above 0.97. When the success of the models was evaluated according to the RMSE values, It was determined that the logarithmic based Model 14 (0.90058 RMSE, 0.98327 R2, -1.079894 MPE, -0.05033 MBE, 0.185628 t) which was obtained by using the sunset hour angle and the max-min temperature difference developed within the scope of this study, made the most accurate estimations. COSMO data from spatial data (1.053134 RMSE, 0.979036 R2, -1.196348 MPE, -0.25105 MBE, 0.8141 t) made successful estimations, but the accuracy of the COSMO data was lower than the data estimated by Model 14. It was concluded that used the models and satellite-based systems were generally successful. As a result, In the studies to be carried out for the global solar radiation forecast of Usak province. It has been concluded that Model 14 developed within the scope of the study can be used in precise calculations and COSMO data from PVGIS datas can be used in more superficial or pre-feasibility studies.
Exploring the impact of the widely introduced Pacific oyster Magallana gigas on the dispersal of Bonamia (Haplosporida): a global snapshot
Authors: Hill-Spanik KM , Rothkopf H , Strand AE , Carnegie RB , Carlton JT , Couceiro L , Crooks JA , Endo H , Hori M , Kamiya M , Kanaya G , Kochmann J , Lee KS , Lees L , Nakaoka M , Pante E , Ruesink JL , Schwindt E , Strand Å , Taylor R , Terada R , Thiel M , Yorisue T , Zacherl D , Sotka EE
Published: December 2024

Bonamia (Haplosporida) are oyster parasites capable of devastating oyster populations. The near-circumglobal distribution of the host generalist B. exitiosa has previously been associated with the natural and anthropogenic dispersal of broadly distributed non-commercial oysters in the Ostrea stentina species complex. Here, we took a global snapshot approach to explore the role of the widely introduced Pacific oyster Magallana gigas, a commercially important species that can be found on every continent except Antarctica, in transporting Bonamia. We screened 938 M. gigas individuals from 41 populations in this oyster’s native and non-native geographic range for presence of Bonamia DNA using PCR. B. exitiosa was the only species detected and only within 2 of 5 populations from southern California, USA (10 and 42% PCR prevalence). Therefore, M. gigas could have played a role in transporting B. exitiosa to California (if introduced) and/or maintaining B. exitiosa populations within California, but morphological confirmation of infection needs to be done to better understand the host-parasite dynamics within this system. We detected no Bonamia DNA within any other non-native M. gigas populations (n = 302) nor within native M. gigas populations in Japan and Korea (n = 582) and thus found no evidence to support the co-dispersal of M. gigas and other Bonamia species. Lower sample sizes within some populations and the non-systematic nature of our sampling design may have led to false negatives, especially in areas where Bonamia are known to occur. Nevertheless, this global snapshot provides preliminary guidance for managing both natural and farmed oyster populations.
Projected changes in seasonal potential distribution of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus under continued ocean warming in Korean waters
Authors: Bang M , Sohn D , Kim JJ , Choi W , Hazen EL , Kang S , Kim S , Jang CJ
Published: December 2024

Chub mackerel Scomber japonicus (subsequently referred to as mackerel), a commercially important small pelagic fish in Korea, is highly sensitive to environmental changes and has shifted its spatial distribution owing to climate change in recent decades. This study examined projected changes in the seasonal potential distribution of mackerel in Korean waters in the 2050s. Three species distribution models—a maximum entropy model, a generalised additive model, and boosted regression trees—were fitted using mackerel presence and 5 skillful environmental variables (temperature, salinity, current velocity, and chlorophyll concentration at the surface, and mixed layer depth) over 18 yr (1998-2015) and projected under 3 CMIP6 future scenarios. The distribution models projected future changes in mackerel habitat with high seasonal and regional variability. Mackerel habitat was projected to increase by 13.35-42.01% throughout the year in the East Sea and decrease by up to 12.73% in the northern East China Sea and by 5.28-20.93% in the Yellow Sea in spring and summer. The habitat gains and losses of mackerel were mainly driven by the predicted temperature increases and salinity decreases. The habitat contraction in spawning areas—mainly in the Yellow and northern East China Seas—contributes to the loss of spawning habitats, which could considerably change the abundance and timing of spawning and, in turn, fisheries productivity. Our findings suggest that future changes in the seasonal potential distribution of mackerel and their potential impacts on fishing communities should be considered to effectively plan future management strategies, particularly for environmentally sensitive species such as mackerel.
Dual suppression of Glossina pallidipes using entomopathogenic fungal-based biopesticides and sterile insect technique
Authors: Ombura Fidelis L. O. , Abd-Alla Adly M.M , Akutse Komivi S. , Runo Steven , Mireji Paul O. , Bateta Rosemary , Otiwi Joseck E. , Ajene Inusa J. , Khamis Fathiya M.
Published: December 2024

Tsetse flies and trypanosomosis significantly impact bovine production and human health in sub-Saharan Africa, exacerbating underdevelopment, malnutrition, and poverty. Despite various control strategies, long-term success has been limited. This study evaluates the combined use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and the sterile insect technique (SIT) to combat tsetse flies. Eleven EPF isolates were tested against teneral males of Glossina pallidipes, focusing on mortality rates, radial growth, and impacts on fly fitness. Temperature effects on conidial growth, sporulation, and spore yield of SIT-compatible/tolerant strains were also assessed. The fungal isolates significantly influenced mortality rates in both unirradiated and irradiated (SIT-treated) males (p < 0.0001). Metarhizium anisopliae strains ICIPE 20, ICIPE 32, ICIPE 41, ICIPE 62, ICIPE 78, and Beauveria bassiana ICIPE 603 showed higher SIT compatibility/tolerance with LT50 values of 11–30 days, compared to other more virulent isolates with LT50 values of 4–9 days. Temperature significantly affected the radial growth of SIT-compatible EPF strains (p < 0.0001), with M. anisopliae ICIPE 78 exhibiting the fastest conidia growth at 25°C. Spore yield varied significantly across temperatures (15–40°C), and the thermal range for conidia germination of SIT-compatible strains was 8.1–45.4°C, with an optimal range of 26.7–31.1°C. Moreover, infected unirradiated females and irradiated males (donors) successfully transmitted conidia to untreated flies (receivers) without significant differences in survival rates (p = 0.6438) and no observed sex dimorphism. Our findings highlight the potential of combining EPF and SIT as a novel dual approach that could effectively and synergistically suppress tsetse fly populations.
Decoding the enigma: unveiling the transmission characteristics of waterfowl-associated blaNDM-5-positive Escherichia coli in select regions of China
Authors: Zhang Shaqiu , Shu Yanxi , Yang Zhechen , Zhong Zhijun , Wang Mingshu , Jia Renyong , Chen Shun , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Zhao Xinxin , Wu Ying , Yang Qiao , Huang Juan , Ou Xumin , Sun Di , Tian Bin , Wu Zhen , He Yu , Cheng Anchun
Published: December 2024

Escherichia coli (E. coli) serves as a critical indicator microorganism for assessing the prevalence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, notably harboring various antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). Among these, the emergence of the blaNDM gene represents a significant threat to public health, especially since carbapenem antibiotics are vital for treating severe infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to characterize the antibiotic resistance features of blaNDM-5-positive E. coli strains isolated from waterfowl in several regions of China and elucidate the dissemination patterns of the blaNDM-5 gene. We successfully isolated 103 blaNDM-5-positive E. coli strains from 431 intestinal fecal samples obtained from waterfowl across five provincial-level units in China, with all strains exhibiting multidrug resistance (MDR). Notably, the blaNDM-5 gene was identified on plasmids, which facilitate efficient and stable horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Our adaptability assays indicated that while the blaNDM-5-positive plasmid imposed a fitness cost on the host bacteria, the NDM-5 protein was successfully induced and purified, exhibiting significant enzymatic activity. One strain, designated DY51, exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for imipenem of 4 mg/L, which escalated to 512 mg/L following exposure to increasing imipenem doses. This altered strain demonstrated stable resistance to imipenem alongside improved adaptability, correlating with elevated relative expression levels of the blaNDM-5 and overexpression of efflux pumps. Collectively, this study highlights the horizontal dissemination of the blaNDM-5 plasmid among E. coli strains, confirms the associated fitness costs, and provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the stable increase in antibiotic resistance to imipenem. These findings offer a theoretical framework for understanding the dissemination dynamics of blaNDM-5 in E. coli, which is essential for developing effective strategies to combat carbapenem antibiotic resistance.
Machine learning-enhanced assessment of potential probiotics from healthy calves for the treatment of neonatal calf diarrhea
Authors: Zhai Yuting , Kim Miju , Fan Peixin , Rajeev Sharath , Kim Sun Ae , Driver J. Danny , Galvão Klibs N. , Boucher Christina , Jeong Kwangcheol C.
Published: December 2024

Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) remains a significant contributor to calf mortality within the first 3 weeks of life, prompting widespread antibiotic use with associated concerns about antimicrobial resistance and disruption of the calf gut microbiota. Recent research exploring NCD treatments targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis has highlighted probiotic supplementation as a promising and safe strategy for gut homeostasis. However, varying treatment outcomes across studies suggest the need for efficient treatment options. In this study, we evaluated the potential of probiotics Limosilactobacillus reuteri, formally known as Lactobacillus reuteri, isolated from healthy neonatal calves to treat NCD. Through in silico whole genome analysis and in vitro assays, we identified nine L. reuteri strains, which were then administered to calves with NCD. Calves treated with L. reuteri strains shed healthy feces and demonstrated restored gut microbiota and normal animal behavior. Leveraging a machine learning model, we evaluated microbiota profiles and identified bacterial taxa associated with calf gut health that were elevated by L. reuteri administration. These findings represent a crucial advancement towards sustainable antibiotic alternatives for managing NCD, contributing significantly to global efforts in mitigating antimicrobial resistance and promoting overall animal health and welfare.
Fuzzy Failure Modes, Effect and Criticality Analysis on Electromechanical Actuators
Authors: Zhang Chao , Chen Boyuan , Li Xiangzhi
Published: December 2024

The electromechanical servo is the preferred aviation servo actuator system now. EMA (electromechanical actuators), especially EMA of airplanes, will inevitably occur a variety of faults. FMECA (Failure Modes, Effect and Criticality Analysis) is commonly used to analyze the failure mode of the product. However, traditional FMECA is easily affected by subjective factors, and previous studies on FMECA have not focused on the EMA of airplanes. Therefore, this paper was carried out to provide a method of EMA failure modes analysis to find out the most vulnerable part of EMA. Firstly, we analyzed the PMSM using traditional FMECA to obtain a preliminary result for further examination. Then, we used fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to quantify qualitative evaluation indicators and build a fuzzy FMECA model based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which can directly obtain the risk ranking of each failure mode. At the same time, the model was used on PMSM, which is an important part of EMA, to give an example of using this method. Finally, two results were compared to verify the accuracy of the improvement method. The main contribution of the article was to propose a model that can rank the risk levels of all components in EMA on airplanes based on fuzzy FMECA.
Does Common Agricultural Policy Influence Regional Disparities and Environmental Sustainability in European Union Countries?
Authors: Manta Alina Georgiana , Doran Nicoleta Mihaela , Bădîrcea Roxana Maria , Badareu Gabriela , Gherțescu Claudia , Lăpădat Cătălin Valentin Mihai
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) funds, specifically the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (FEADR) and the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (FEGA), on a range of economic, social, and environmental outcomes across European regions. Utilizing Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) estimators, this research analyses 13 equations corresponding to various dependent variables, including employment rates, poverty levels, agricultural productivity, and environmental indicators such as greenhouse gas emissions and renewable energy production from agriculture. This analysis covers the period from 2010 to 2021, and draws upon a balanced sample of 301 observations to ensure robust estimations. Results indicate that both FEADR and FEGA payments significantly influence these regional outcomes, though the effects vary depending on the specific economic or environmental indicator examined. The findings reveal that while FEADR payments positively impact rural employment, agricultural income, and renewable energy production, they are less effective in addressing poverty reduction and productivity enhancement. Conversely, FEGA payments exhibit a stronger influence on agricultural productivity and income, but have mixed effects on environmental sustainability. This study highlights significant regional disparities, suggesting that the allocation of CAP funds is uneven in its impact across regions. The implications for policymakers are clear: a more tailored approach is required to enhance the effectiveness of CAP funds in meeting diverse regional needs, particularly in promoting economic development while minimizing environmental harm. This study also emphasizes the need for further research to explore alternative policy mechanisms and innovative agricultural practices that can bridge the gaps identified in the current CAP framework. Limitations of this study include data availability and the inherent complexity of agricultural systems, which may affect the generalizability of the results across different EU member states.
Combined Effects of Drying–Rewetting and Ammonium Addition on Methanotrophs in Agricultural Soil: A Microcosm Study
Authors: Kravchenko Irina K. , Zverev Aleksei O. , Gogmachadze Liana G. , Stepanov Aleksey L.
Published: December 2024

Oxidation of methane by soil microorganisms is an important mechanism controlling the content of this potent greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Agricultural soils operate under stressful conditions, and ammonium (N-fertilization) and drying (global warming) may have a significant impact on methane oxidation. In order to investigate how soil methanotrophs respond to drying–rewetting (DW), ammonium addition (100 mg/g) (A), and their combined action (MS), agricultural soil microcosms were incubated over the three months and methane oxidation was measured before and after perturbations, while community composition was monitoring using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A significant decline in the methane-oxidation activity after perturbations was found, with subsequent restoration, and the combined treatment was more effective than the sum of individual treatments, indicating a synergistic effect. After rewetting, the structure of the bacterial community returned to pre-dry-down levels, but the application of ammonia and combined action lead to irreversible changes in the structure of soil methanotrophic communities. Methanotroph Methylomicrobium were significantly reduced under disturbances, while there was a significant increase in the representation of Methylobacter accompanied by the facultative methylotroph Methylovorus. We concluded that methanotrophic communities in agricultural soil demonstrated flexibility, and even when the abundance of dominant populations drops, ecosystem functions can recover.
Design and Parameters Optimization of Key Components of Seed Peanut Shelling Test Bench Based on Cohesive Model
Authors: Xu Chengtao , Zhu Awei , Liu Yanfen , Shang Shuqi
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the shelling efficiency of peanuts, the fracture mechanism of peanuts and the key components of the shelling test bench were studied. Firstly, the finite element method based on the cohesive element model was used to analyze the crack propagation of peanuts; the energy required for peanuts to crack was 0.06 J, and the maximum loading force was 30 N. Combined with the physical properties, mechanical properties, and shell-breaking energy of peanuts, the parameters of the two key components of the shell-breaking device and the adjustable grinding device were designed. The loading angle of the shell-breaking device was 30°, the mass of the rod was 1.5 kg, the mass of the hammer was 0.1 kg, the total length was 0.25 m, and the external contour of the grinding device was triangular. Through the field experiment, the single-factor test and the three-factor three-level regression test were designed, respectively, and the regression model of the removal rate and the damage rate was established. According to the response surface analysis of the regression model, when the feeding quantity is 12 pods/s, the speed of gear is 250 revolutions per minute, and the shelling clearance is 9.23 mm; the peanut removal rate reached 95.61%, and the kernel damage rate was 5.41%. However, the feeding amount was low and the damage rate was high, which could provide a reference for the future seed peanut sheller.
Effect of Genotype and Environment on Yield and Technological and Nutrition Traits on Winter Rye Grain from Organic Production
Authors: Stępniewska Sylwia , Cacak-Pietrzak Grażyna , Fraś Anna , Jończyk Krzysztof , Studnicki Marcin , Wiśniewska Magdalena , Gzowska Marlena , Salamon Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine genotype and environment effects on the yield and selected quality traits of winter rye from organic production. The tested material was grain of two hybrid rye cultivars, Tur and KWS Dolaro, and five population cultivars of rye, Dańkowskie Hadron, Dańkowskie Granat, Dańkowskie Turkus, Dańkowskie Skand, and Piastowskie. Field trials were performed at two locations in Poland, Osiny and Grabów, in two growing seasons, 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. The grain yield, moisture content, falling number, thousand-grain weight, and hectoliter weight were determined. The content of basic nutrients, protein, minerals, lipids, carbohydrates, and dietary fibre, as well as the viscosity of aqueous extracts of grain, were also determined. This study revealed that environmental factors, such as harvest year and growing location, as well as the genotype factor, had the greatest effect on the viscosity of aqueous extracts and protein content. The study’s hybrid cultivars, Tur and KWS Dolaro, are characterized by significantly higher yield but lower dietary fibre and protein contents in rye grain and lower viscosity of aqueous compared to all study population cultivars. Of all the studied population cultivars of rye, the grain of the cultivar Dańkowskie Skand was found to be the most beneficial in terms of nutritional value because it was characterized by the highest viscosity of aqueous extracts.
Understanding Agricultural Water Consumption Trends in Henan Province: A Spatio-Temporal and Determinant Analysis Using Geospatial Models
Authors: Li Yanbin , Han Yuhang , Li Hongxing , Feng Kai
Published: December 2024

In the context of water scarcity, understanding the mechanisms influencing and altering agricultural water consumption can offer valuable insights into the scientific management of limited water resources. Using Henan Province as a case study, this research applies the Mann–Kendall test method, the spatial Markov transfer chain model, the optimal parameter geo-detector model, and the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition method to investigate the evolution characteristics of agricultural water consumption in Henan Province and its key influencing factors. The findings revealed the following: (1) Agricultural water consumption has shown a significant decline from 1999 to 2022. (2) According to observations, the stability of agricultural water consumption exceeds the spillover effect, and cross-border grade transfer is challenging. Moreover, this phenomenon is influenced by the neighboring regions. (3) The key influencing factors of added agricultural value are the sown area of food crops, total sown area, irrigated area, and average annual air temperature. (4) Among the decomposition effects on agricultural water consumption, the contribution of each decomposition effect to changes in agricultural water consumption and the role of spatial distribution exhibit notable differences. Overall, these findings provide theoretical references for the efficient use of agricultural water resources and sustainable development in the region.
Multiple Nitrogen Sources Application Inhibits Increasing Ammonia Volatilization Under Reducing Irrigation
Authors: Chen Taotao , Cui Erping , Sun Ke , Hu Chao , Li Siyi , Li Ping , Zhao Zhijuan , Liu Chuncheng , Cui Bingjian , Fan Xiangyang
Published: December 2024

Farmland ammonia (NH3) volatilization is an important source of NH3, and the application of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) is the main factor affecting NH3 volatilization. The optimal substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure and straw reportedly reduces NH3 volatilization, while reducing irrigation increases NH3 volatilization. However, the combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer substitution and reducing irrigation on NH3 volatilization and the role of microorganisms in this process remains unclear. In a soil column experiment, NH3 volatilization and microbial composition were measured under both multiple N sources and different irrigation levels by the vented-chamber method and metagenomic sequencing. The results revealed that multiple N sources application reduced cumulative NH3 volatilization by 16.5–75.4% compared to single chemical fertilizer application, and the decreasing trend of NH3 volatilization under reduced irrigation conditions was greater. Microorganisms had a more important effect on NH3 volatilization of reduced irrigation than conventional irrigation. The abundance of nirA, arcC, E3.5.1.49, and E3.5.5.1 (ammonia-producing) genes varied significantly at the two irrigation levels. Overall, multiple N sources could inhibit NH3 volatilization increasing under reducing irrigation compared to a single chemical fertilizer. Our findings contribute valuable insights into the combined effect of reduced irrigation and multiple N sources on NH3 volatilization.
Synergistic Matching and Influencing Factors of Grain Production and Cropland Net Primary Productivity in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China
Authors: Wang Quanxi , Ren Jun , Zhang Maomao , Sui Hongjun , Li Xiaodan
Published: December 2024

Exploring the spatiotemporal dynamics, spatial mismatch, and complex influencing mechanism of grain production and cropland productivity in the black soil region of northeast China (BSRNC) is essential for the synergistic protection and utilization of black soil cropland and sustainable grain production. The BSRNC has realized cropland expansion and grain production increases in the past decades. This implied a substantial investment has been made in the region’s agriculture. However, at present, knowledge on the spatial mismatch and influencing factors of grain production and cropland productivity is still unclear. This study analyzed the spatial–temporal mismatch characteristics of grain production and cropland net primary productivity (CNPP) using the gravity center model, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and spatial mismatch index (SMI), and identified the spatial heterogeneity and prediction–response relationships of influencing factors based on a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model and boosted regression tree (BRT) machine learning algorithm. The findings indicated that grain production and CNPP have been increasing, but the overall spatial pattern of cold hotspots has not changed obviously in the BSRNC from 2000 to 2020. The SMI has shown a decreasing trend, indicating that the synergistic development of grain production and CNPP has been obvious, which plays an important role in sustainable food supply capacity. Agricultural production and the natural environment have always been critical factors influencing the spatial mismatch. Specifically, the marginal impact of fertilizer application has undergone a shift. This study may provide new clues for the formulation of regional strategies for sustainable food supply and black soil cropland system protection.