bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Arthroscopic Acromioplasty Combined with Rotator Cuff Repair in the Treatment of Aged Patients with Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear and Rotator Cuff Injury
Authors: He Shihui , Xu Hao , Liu Shuhua
Published: August 2022

Full-thickness rotator cuff tear and rotator cuff injury are frequently occurring diseases and widely exist in the social population. Surgical repair is the most effective treatment for rotator cuff tears and injuries. With the continuous development of arthroscopy, more and more surgeons choose arthroscopic acromioplasty plus rotator cuff repair for the treatment of rotator cuff injury. However, previously published systematic reviews or meta-analyses still cast doubt on the efficacy of such concomitant procedures for postoperative patient function and pain recovery. In this study, we analyzed the effects of parameters such as shoulder function and acromion morphology on aged patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tear combined with rotator cuff injury treated with arthroscopic acromion plasty and rotator cuff repair. The results showed that arthroscopic acromion plasty and rotator cuff repair helped to promote the joint function recovery of the aged patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tear combined with rotator cuff injury and alleviate the pain of the patients. Compared with simple rotator cuff repair, this technique can increase the postoperative AT and reduce the ACEA and to some extent reduce the risk of postoperative rotator cuff reinjury, which is worthy of promotion.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Readmission in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Anemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sun Yanqiu , Liu Jian , Xin Ling , Wen Jianting , Zhou Qin , Chen Xiaolu , Ding Xiang , Zhang Xianheng
Published: August 2022

Objective. This study aimed to analyze the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on the risk of readmission for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with anemia. Methods. In this study, 893 hospitalized RA patients were followed up by telephone. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using propensity score matching (PSM). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the influence of various factors on the risk of readmission for RA patients with anemia. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve was utilized to analyze the effect of TCM intervention time on readmission. Results. The incidence of anemia was 58.08% (471/811) in RA patients. After 1 : 1 PSM, 328 RA patients with anemia and 328 RA patients without anemia were finally included in our study. The readmission rate of anemia patients was higher than that of patients without anemia (

P
<
0.01

). The readmission rate of RA patients with anemia was obviously lower in the TCM group than in the non-TCM group (

P
<
0.01

). The Cox proportional hazards model showed TCM as an independent protective factor as it decreased the risk of readmission by 50% (HR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27–0.94,

P
=
0.03

) in RA patients with anemia. In addition, the risk of readmission was dramatically diminished in the high-exposure subgroup (TCM > 12 months) compared with the low-exposure subgroup (TCM ≤ 12 months) (log-rank

P
=
0.016

). Conclusion. TCM, as a protective factor, is associated with a reduced risk of readmission in RA patients with anemia.
The Effect of Chemotherapy Induction Therapy on the Pancreas in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Wondmeneh Temesgen Gebeyehu , Mekonnen Ayal Tsegaye
Published: August 2022

Background. The effect of chemotherapy induction on the pancreatic in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is not described in Ethiopia. The study determined the chemotherapy drug‐induced pancreatitis in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Method. A preexperimental study (pretest and posttests) was conducted in forty patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. For some skewed data, a log transformation was computed. The back transformation was then calculated. Descriptive statistics and a mixed‐model ANOVA were used to analyze the data. A post hoc Bonferroni test was used. A p value < 0.05 was declared statistically significant. Results. In this study, no clinically significant acute pancreatitis occurred. Elevated amylase and lipase levels, indicating grade 2 acute pancreatitis, were observed in 25% and 17.5% of patients, respectively. Amylase enzyme levels in children differed significantly from preinduction to the second week of induction (p = 0.001) and fourth week of induction (p = 0.001), as well as between the second and fourth weeks of induction (p = 0.033), but adults’ amylase enzyme levels did not differ significantly (p = 0.2). Lipase levels in adults are nearly identical in all three measures, implying that there is no statistically significant difference (p = 0.775). However, the level of lipase enzyme in children was significantly higher from baseline to two and four weeks of induction (p = 0.007) but not between two and four weeks of induction (p = 0.129). Conclusion. Clinically significant acute pancreatitis did not occur, but patients experienced mild (grade 2) acute pancreatitis. Amylase and lipase enzymes responded significantly to chemotherapy induction in children. Chemotherapy drugs should be given without altering pancreatic enzymes, specifically in children.
Clinical Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis of 90 Cases of Children with Salmonella Enteritis
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2022

Objective. To summarize the clinical characteristics and drug sensitivity analysis of children with Salmonella enteritis in our hospital, explore the characteristics and drug resistance of Salmonella infection, and guide the rational clinical use of drugs. Methods. The clinical data of 90 pediatric Salmonella enteritis patients treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 were selected as the observation group of this retrospective study, and 90 patients with non-Salmonella enteritis were selected at the same time as a control group. Discuss the clinical characteristics of Salmonella, drug sensitivity analysis, infection characteristics, and drug resistance and guide the rational clinical use of drugs. Results. The susceptibility rates of 15 antibiotics from high to low were imipenem and meropenem, piperacillin, cefoperazone, compound trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, and ceftazidime. Salmonella strains were both resistant to imipenem and meropenem. Salmonella is sensitive and has a low rate of resistance to quinolones (ciprofloxacin) and a high rate of resistance to cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazime, and cefpiramide), both reached more than 28%. Salmonella has the highest resistance to penicillin and erythromycin, both at 85.00% and above. Among 90 children with Salmonella enteritidis food poisoning, 32 were hospitalized, 21 cases were hospitalized less than 7 days, and 11 cases were 7-14 days. The longest hospital stay was 12 days, the shortest was 1 day, and the average was 6.1 days. Seven people stayed for observation and 51 people were discharged after treatment. All the children recovered without death. Conclusion. In clinical practice, antibiotics should be used rationally based on drug susceptibility results. In the case of poor efficacy of cephalosporins, amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate, piperacillin, tazobactam, or imipenem, cephalosporin antibiotics can be considered the first choice for clinical empiric medication.
Review of Root-Mean-Square Error Calculation Methods for Large Deployable Mesh Reflectors
Authors: Yuan Sichen
Published: August 2022

In the design of a large deployable mesh reflector, high surface accuracy is one of ultimate goals since it directly determines overall performance of the reflector. Therefore, evaluation of surface accuracy is needed in many cases of design and analysis of large deployable mesh reflectors. The surface accuracy is usually specified as root-mean-square error, which measures deviation of a mesh geometry from a desired working surface. In this paper, methods of root-mean-square error calculation for large deployable mesh reflectors are reviewed. Concept of reflector gain, which describes reflector performance, and its relationship with the root-mean-square error is presented. Approaches to prediction or estimation of root-mean-square error in preliminary design of a large deployable mesh reflector are shown. Three methods of root-mean-square error calculation for large deployable mesh reflectors, namely, the nodal deviation root-mean-square error, the best-fit surface root-mean-square error, and the direct root-mean-square error, are presented. Concept of effective region is introduced. An adjusted calculation of root-mean-square error is suggested when the concept of effective region is involved. Finally, these reviewed methods of root-mean-square error calculation are applied to surface accuracy evaluation of a two-facet mesh geometry, a center-feed mesh reflector, and an offset-feed mesh reflector for demonstration and comparison.
Genetic Susceptibility and Mechanisms Underlying the Pathogenesis of Anthracycline-Associated Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Ding Yonghe , Du Ke , Niu Yu-Juan , Wang Yong , Xu Xiaolei
Published: August 2022

Anthracyclines are chemotherapeutic agents widely used to treat a variety of cancers, and these drugs have revolutionized our management of cancer patients. The dose-dependent cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines, however, remains one of the leading causes of chemotherapy treatment-associated mortality in cancer survivors. Patient threshold doses leading to anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) are highly variable among affected patients. This variability is largely ascribed to genetic variants in individuals’ genomes. Here, we briefly discuss the prevailing mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AIC, and then, we review the genetic variants, mostly identified through human genetic approaches and identified in cancer survivors. The identification of all genetic susceptibilities and elucidation of underlying mechanisms of AIC can help improve upfront risk prediction assessment for potentially severe cardiotoxicity disease and provide valuable insights into the understanding of AIC pathophysiology, which can be further leveraged to develop targeted pharmacogenetic therapies for those at high risk.
[Retracted] Correlation‐Based Mutual Information Model for Analysis of Lung Cancer CT Image
Authors: Vadivu N. Shanmuga , Gupta Gauri , Naveed Quadri Noorulhasan , Rasheed Tariq , Singh Sitesh Kumar , Dhabliya Dharmesh
Published: August 2022

Most of the people all over the world pass away from complications related to lung cancer every single day. It is a deadly form of the disease. To improve a person’s chances of survival, an early diagnosis is a necessary prerequisite. In this regard, the existing methods of tumour detection, such as CT scans, are most commonly used to recognize infected regions. Despite this, there are certain obstacles presented by CT imaging, so this paper proposes a novel model which is a correlation‐based model designed for analysis of lung cancer. When registering pictures of thoracic and abdominal organs with slider motion, the total variation regularization term may correct the border discontinuous displacement field, but it cannot maintain the local characteristics of the image and loses the registration accuracy. The thin‐plate spline energy operator and the total variation operator are spatially weighted via the spatial position weight of the pixel points to construct an adaptive thin‐plate spline total variation regular term for lung image CT single‐mode registration and CT/PET dual‐mode registration. The regular term is then combined with the CRMI similarity measure and the L‐BFGS optimization approach to create a nonrigid registration procedure. The proposed method assures the smoothness of interior of the picture while ensuring the discontinuous motion of the border and has greater registration accuracy, according to the experimental findings on the DIR‐Lab 4D‐CT public dataset and the CT/PET clinical dataset.
Pneumonia Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among under-Five Children in Goncha Siso Enesie District, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Abebaw Bizualem , Damtie Destaw
Published: August 2022

Background. Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in various localities of Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of pneumonia and its associated factors among under-five children who were visiting Ginde Woyin health center, Goncha Siso Enesie District, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A health center-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 participants by a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and sputum diagnosis. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were used to analyze the risk variables, and

P

values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The overall prevalence of pneumonia among under-five children was 24.3% (95% CI: 20.1, 28.3). The significant predictors for under-five pneumonia identified were the use of wood as a source of fuel for cooking (AOR = 2.769;

P
=
0.049

), starting complementary food before six months of age (AOR = 2.080; P = 0.033), and mixed breastfeeding conditions (AOR = 5.229;

P
=
0.001

). The highest under-five pneumonia was observed among children of age below one year (33.6%), rural dwellers (30.4%), family sizes above five (31.8%), children from families with a monthly income of less than 1000 Ethiopian Birr (<19.03 USD) (27.8%), whose mothers were students (61.5%), houses where cooking took place in the living room (37.8%), homes that lacked windows in the kitchens (28.4%), homes that lacked windows (41.5%), and mixed breastfeeders (44.1%). Conclusion. The prevalence of under-five pneumonia in the present study was relatively high. The findings in the present study will help policy makers and program officers to design pneumonia-preventive interventions.
[Retracted] Analysis of Political Subjective Initiative and the Construction Path of Advanced Education from the Network Community Environmental Perspective
Authors: Zhang Wen
Published: August 2022

According to the data of the Research Report on online communities, the current online communities and the interaction between members rely on major platforms. Among them, WeChat has a relatively high degree of use, which can reach 61.1%, followed by self‐built apps, which are used by 52.8% and 50.0%, respectively, providing a good communication space for community members. Users’ viscosity to the network is increasing, which makes users more dependent on the network. This is undoubtedly a squeeze for politics and advanced education. Therefore, based on the upgrading of education positions, ensuring the effectiveness of education puts forward higher requirements for the construction of education paths in the network community environment. Through the analysis of the topic map of social network public opinion users, models with different dimensions are built, so as to provide an effective theoretical basis for education and ensure the healthy development of online community environmental education.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Long COVID: Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kim Tae-Hun , Jeon Sae-Rom , Kang Jung Won , Kwon Sunoh
Published: August 2022

Prolonged symptoms after the clearance of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, termed long COVID, are an emerging threat to the post-COVID-19 era. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions may play a significant role in the management of long COVID. The present study aimed to identify published studies on the use of CAM interventions for long COVID and provide an overview of the research status using bibliometric analysis. The present scoping review searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception until November 2021 and identified published studies on CAM interventions for long COVID. A narrative analysis of the study types and effectiveness and safety of the CAM interventions are presented and a bibliometric analysis of citation information and references of the included publications were analyzed using the Bibliometrix package for R. An electronic database search identified 16 publications (2 clinical studies and 14 study protocols of systematic reviews or clinical studies) that were included in the present study. Dyspnea or pulmonary dysfunction, quality of life, olfactory dysfunction, and psychological symptoms after COVID-19 infection were assessed in the included publications. The two clinical studies suggested that Chinese herbal medications were effective in relieving symptoms of pulmonary dysfunction. Bibliometric analysis revealed the current trend of research publication in this area was driven by study protocols written by Chinese, Korean, and Indian authors. Thus, the present scoping review and bibliometric analysis revealed that there are few studies published about the use of CAM for long COVID and long-term management for COVID-19 survivors. Original studies on CAM interventions, including randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews, are required to actively support evidence for their use in the management of long COVID. PROSPERO registration: this trial is registered with CRD42021281526.
Determination of Phenolic Compounds and Bioactive Potential of Plum (Prunus salicina) Peel Extract Obtained by Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction
Authors: Jawad Muhammad , Ali Moazzam , Qasim Sadia , Akbar Ali , Khan Nazir Ahmad , Sadiq Muhammad Bilal
Published: August 2022

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from black plum peels was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Temperature (35‐55°C), time (15‐45 min), and ethanol concentration (50‐90%) were selected as independent extraction parameters, whereas total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition were kept as response variables. The optimized extraction conditions were determined by RSM as extraction at 49°C for 37 min with 68% ethanol, which corresponded to TAC, TPC, and DPPH inhibition values of 5.42 ± 0.61 mg/g, 6.217 ± 0.76 mg GAE/g, and 89 ± 2.13%, respectively. Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GCMS) were used for chemical characterization of optimized plum peel extract (PPE). Optimized PPE was further evaluated for antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and food preservation potential. PPE showed 92.31% DPPH inhibition with IC50 value of 360.6 μg/ml. Optimized PPE extract was effective in the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and migration, and IC50 values were in the range 1.85‐3.96 mg/ml for different human cancer cell lines. Major phenolics identified in PPE were ferulic acid (47.87 mg/kg), sinapic acid (9.15 mg/kg), quercetin (7.44 mg/kg), gallic acid (3.24 mg/kg), m‐coumaric acid (2.59 mg/kg), and vanillic acid (1.12 mg/kg). PPE extract inhibited the growth of various foodborne bacterial pathogens and increased the shelf life of PPE coated fresh grapes. PPE due to antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, and food preservation potential can be used in developing functional food and pharmaceutical products.
Evaluation of an Online Oral English Teaching Model Using Big Data
Authors: Song Yuchen , Wei Yi , Shen Yun , Xu Manman
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the online oral English teaching model, enhance its efficiency, and widen its utilization in university teaching, this study developed a rigorous oral English teaching model, constructed a comprehensive oral English evaluation model, and used PBL to guide the direction of oral English curriculum under the influence of big data-driven background. The use of online oral English teaching mode was realized to ensure that students can internalize knowledge in class. A complete teaching method was used to ensure that learners can master more knowledge in English class, promote the operation of online English learning in the network environment and create a safe learning environment for students, improve students’ oral English ability, improve oral teaching, and improve the integrity of oral teaching. The deepening of big data and online review teaching will be the requirements of the future teaching environment. Therefore, it was decided that only by making full use of all the advantages of information technology, combined with the background of education and teaching, can we explore the new education and training methods needed in the new semester.
Construction of Hospital Human Resource Information Management System under the Background of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yu Xiaona , Zhang Chunmei , Wang Chengcheng
Published: August 2022

Under the background of artificial intelligence (AI), a human resource information management system was designed to facilitate hospital human resource management and improve hospital management efficiency. Based on AI, SOA was constructed and Java2 platform enterprise edition (J2EE) was combined with Java to design and research hospital human resource information management system. In addition, the function and performance required by the system were tested. The results showed that the designed system showed high safety in requirement analysis and performance. The function focused mainly on the systematic analysis of personnel management, recruitment management, organization and personnel management, and patient medical information. The constructed system could work normally and achieve the efficiency of hospital human resource management. The evaluation response time of system home page access was less than 1 second when 300 users were concurrent, and the utilization rate of service CPU was lower than 50% without abnormal memory fluctuation. The concurrent response time of all 20 managers online was less than 5 seconds, and the utilization rate of the service was lower than 70%. When the information of 100 employees in the system was queried concurrently, the average CPU utilization of the database server exceeded 90%. After performance optimization, the test result showed that the transaction response time was reduced to 0.23 seconds, which met the target requirement. In conclusion, the proposed intelligent human resource management system could reduce hospital management cost and the high sharing of human resource information provided a reference for the decision-making system of hospital leaders.
A Nonlinear Strength Criterion of Frozen Saline Sandy Soil at High Pressures
Authors: Chang Dan , Feng Lizhen , Liu Jiankun , Dai Beibing
Published: August 2022

The strength of frozen saline soil is influenced by various factors, such as confining pressure, salt content, and temperature. To investigate the influences of these factors on strength parameters, a series of triaxial tests were performed for frozen saline samples. According to the test results, as the mean principal stress increases, the failure strength increases firstly and then reaches a peak value, followed by a decreasing tendency. The pressure corresponding to ice melting is higher for frozen samples at a lower temperature. A strength function, which consists of cohesion and friction components, is developed in

p
‐
q

plane. Then, the relationships between temperature and strength parameters are given by fitting the test data. The envelope between those for the SMP and von Mises criteria is employed to describe the strength properties in

π

plane. By comparing the predicted data with test results, the developed strength criterion can well reproduce the strength variation of frozen sandy samples considering the effects of confining pressure, salt content, and temperature.
Effect of Tegretol on Oxidative Stress, Serum Inflammatory Factors, and Left Ventricular Function in AMI Patients after Emergency PCI
Authors: Ma Liping , Pan Yizhan , Wu Ziying , Zhang Lin , Feng Zhaojin , Li Ketao
Published: August 2022

To investigate the effects of tegretol on oxidative stress, serum inflammatory factors, and left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), 70 AMI patients who received PCI in the emergency department of our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were collected. The patients in the control group were treated with aspirin, clopidogrel, and heparin sodium during the perioperative period, and the patients in the study group were treated with tegretol. The levels of oxidative stress, serum inflammatory factors, and left ventricular function index were compared between the two groups. The patients in the control group were treated with TT ((

12.00
±
2.05

) s), APTT ((

35.50
±
4.19

) s), PT ((

16.60
±
1.58

) s), TT ((

15.90
±
2.14

) s) APTT ((

30.40
±
3.80

) s), and PT ((

14.30
±
1.45

) s)) and were comparable (

P
>
0.05

), and the difference was statistically significant (

t
=
8.210

, 4.600, 7.010,

P
<
0.001

). There was no comparable difference in the level of oxidative stress index before treatment (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, there was significant difference in MDA ((

14.53
±
2.14

) mmol/L), SOD ((

120.45
±
8.17

) U/L), MDA ((

11.15
±
2.02

) mmol/L), and SOD ((

129.86
±
8.55

) U/L) in the control group (

t
=
7.320

, 5.099,

P
<
0.001

). The levels of inflammatory factors in patients before treatment were not comparable (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, there were levels of IL-6 ((

3.20
±
1.05

) ng/L), CRP ((

4.80
±
1.16

) mg/L), MPO ((

196.78
±
21.51

) mg/L) and TNF-α ((

3.96
±
0.80

) pmol/L), IL-6 ((

1.95
±
0.80

) ng/L), CRP ((

3.10
±
1.02

) mg/L), MPO ((

163.60
±
21.10

) mg/L), and TNF-α in a study group level ((

3.05
±
0.70

) pmol/L), with statistically significant difference (

t
=
5.187

, 6.028, 6.031, 4.689,

P
<
0.001

). Before treatment, there was no comparable difference in the level of left ventricular function index (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, there was significant difference in LVEF ((46.10 ± 2.39) %) and LVDD ((52.06 ± 1.07) mm), LVEF ((56.85 ± 2.33) %), and LVDD ((48.75 ± 1.02) mm) in the control group (

t
=
17.640

, 21.540,

P
<
0.001

). Tegretol as an adjunctive therapy for emergency PCI patients with acute myocardial infarction can effectively improve postoperative coagulation function, reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction, and improve cardiac function indicators. It has a positive clinical value.
Correlation between the NMR Chemical Shifts and Thiolate Protonation Constants of Cysteamine, Homocysteine, and Penicillamine
Authors: Ferreira de Santana Juliana , Mirzahosseini Arash , Noszál Béla
Published: August 2022

1H and 13C NMR measurements were carried out to explore anticipated correlations between chemical shifts versus thiolate basicities and redox potentials of cysteamine, homocysteine, penicillamine, and their homodisulfides. All correlations were analyzed and statistically evaluated. The closest correlation was observed for the αCH nuclei concerning 1H and 13C NMR data. Since neither site-specific basicities nor site-specific redox potentials can be directly measured by any means in peptides and proteins containing several thiol and/or disulfide units, these data provide a simple method and predictive power to estimate the aforementioned site-specific physicochemical parameters for analogous sulfur-containing moieties in related biopolymers.
Community Sports Facility Ant Colony Algorithm Collocation under the Environment of National Fitness
Authors: Sun Yongmei , Wu Yifan , Hu Nannan
Published: August 2022

The construction of sports facilities is gradually gaining public attention in the national fitness environment. Community sports facilities make a great contribution in making up for the shortage of urban gymnasiums, but there are many similarities in the existing community sports facilities, and the collocation is only to meet the basic needs. Based on this, this paper investigates the study of an ant colony algorithm for the collocation of community sports facilities in a national fitness environment. Based on a brief analysis of the construction of community sports facilities and the study of ant colony algorithms, a model of community sports facility matching is constructed and an ant colony algorithm is introduced to optimize the design of the scheme. The multiobjective function model is combined with the demand for community sports settings collocation, and the optimal solution set for different planning objectives is proposed in the optimal design of sports facility collocation. The objective function is combined with the ant colony algorithm to continuously update the objective function value and obtain the optimal solution after stabilization, providing a more excellent configuration for sports facility collocation. The simulation results show that the performance of this algorithm is more stable than that of traditional algorithms, and it can provide more diverse solutions for sports facility matching with greater stability.
The Impact of Inflammation-Induced Tumor Plasticity during Myeloid Transformation
Authors: Yeaton Anna , Cayanan Geraldine , Loghavi Sanam , Dolgalev Igor , Leddin Emmett M. , Loo Christian E. , Torabifard Hedieh , Nicolet Deedra , Wang Jingjing , Corrigan Kate , Paraskevopoulou Varvara , Starczynowski Daniel T , Wang Eric , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Viny Aaron D , Stone Richard M. , Byrd John C. , Guryanova Olga A. , Kohli Rahul M. , Cisneros G. Andrés , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Eisfeld Ann-Kathrin , Aifantis Iannis , Guillamot Maria
Published: August 2022

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an aging-associated condition characterized by the clonal outgrowth of mutated preleukemic cells. Individuals with CH are at an increased risk of developing hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we describe a novel animal model carrying a recurrent TET2 missense mutation frequently found in patients with CH and leukemia. In a fashion similar to CH, animals show signs of disease late in life when they develop a wide range of myeloid neoplasms, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the bone marrow, we show that disease progression in aged animals correlates with an enhanced inflammatory response and the emergence of an aberrant inflammatory monocytic cell population. The gene signature characteristic of this inflammatory population is associated with poor prognosis in patients with AML. Our study illustrates an example of collaboration between a genetic lesion found in CH and inflammation, leading to transformation and the establishment of blood neoplasms.

Significance:

Progression from a preleukemic state to transformation, in the presence of TET2 mutations, is coupled with the emergence of inflammation and a novel population of inflammatory monocytes. Genes characteristic of this inflammatory population are associated with the worst prognosis in patients with AML. These studies connect inflammation to progression to leukemia.

See related commentary by Pietras and DeGregori, p. 2234 .

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2221
Targeting the EIF2AK1 Signaling Pathway Rescues Red Blood Cell Production in SF3B1-Mutant Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Ringed Sideroblasts
Authors: Adema Vera , Ma Feiyang , Kanagal-Shamanna Rashmi , Thongon Natthakan , Montalban-Bravo Guillermo , Yang Hui , Peslak Scott A. , Wang Feng , Acha Pamela , Sole Francesc , Lockyer Pamela , Cassari Margherita , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Visconte Valeria , Gañán-Gómez Irene , Song Yuanbin , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Pellegrini Matteo , Tan Tuyet M. , Bejar Rafael , Carew Jennifer S. , Halene Stephanie , Santini Valeria , Al-Atrash Gheath , Clise-Dwyer Karen , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Blobel Gerd A. , Colla Simona
Published: August 2022

SF3B1 mutations, which occur in 20% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), are the hallmarks of a specific MDS subtype, MDS with ringed sideroblasts (MDS-RS), which is characterized by the accumulation of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow and primarily affects the elderly population. Here, using single-cell technologies and functional validation studies of primary SF3B1-mutant MDS-RS samples, we show that SF3B1 mutations lead to the activation of the EIF2AK1 pathway in response to heme deficiency and that targeting this pathway rescues aberrant erythroid differentiation and enables the red blood cell maturation of MDS-RS erythroblasts. These data support the development of EIF2AK1 inhibitors to overcome transfusion dependency in patients with SF3B1-mutant MDS-RS with impaired red blood cell production.

Significance:

MDS-RS are characterized by significant anemia. Patients with MDS-RS die from a shortage of red blood cells and the side effects of iron overload due to their constant need for transfusions. Our study has implications for the development of therapies to achieve long-lasting hematologic responses.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 476
Efecto de los probióticos en las enfermedades alérgicas del tracto respiratorio y la microbiota intestinal
Authors: Huang Jinli , Zhang Juan , Wang Xingzhi , Jin Zenghui , Zhang Panpan , Su Hui , Sun Xin
Published: August 2022

La alergia es una reacción de hipersensibilidad activada por mecanismos inmunitarios específicos mediados por células o anticuerpos. Las alergias han aumentado en los países industrializados durante las últimas décadas. El aumento de las enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas, como la rinitis alérgica (RA) y el asma alérgica (AA), es una amenaza potencial para la salud pública. Se realizaron búsquedas en PubMed, Google Scholar y Medline utilizando los siguientes términos clave: allergic rhinitis OR asthma AND probiotics, allergic airway inflammation AND immune disorders, probiotics OR gut microbiota AND allergic disease, probiotics AND inflammatory. Se incluyeron estudios de todos los años, específicamente aquellos publicados en los últimos diez años. Se buscó en algunos artículos de revisión y en su lista de referencias para identificar artículos relacionados. El papel de la microbiota en las enfermedades alérgicas respiratorias ha atraído cada vez más atención. Algunas pruebas sugieren que el desarrollo de las enfermedades alérgicas provoca un desequilibrio en la composición de la microbiota intestinal. En comparación con ratones colonizados, los ratones sin gérmenes presentan respuestas alérgicas exageradas en las vías respiratorias, lo que indica que las interacciones microbianas con el huésped tienen un papel importante en el desarrollo de las enfermedades alérgicas. Los probióticos modulan tanto la respuesta inmune innata como la adaptativa, y a menudo se emplean como suplementos dietéticos que aportan beneficios a la salud en los trastornos gastrointestinales. Los probióticos pueden actuar como inmunomoduladores y activadores de las vías de defensa del huésped. Asimismo, los probióticos orales pueden modular la respuesta inmune en el sistema respiratorio. Estudios recientes en humanos y animales han demostrado el papel de los probióticos en la RA y la AA. Para entender la caracterización de la microbiota y el efecto potencial de los probióticos en la AA/AR, esta revisión ofrece un panorama de las características clínicas de la AA y la RA y del uso de probióticos para la prevención y el tratamiento de la RA, los cambios en la microbiota intestinal y sus mecanismos de acción.
Usefulness of Liver Uptake Rate Constant in 99mTc-GSA Scintigraphy for the Risk Stratification of Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy: A New Method for Calculation
Authors: Yamamoto Yuzo , Abukawa Yoshihiro , Sato Kimihiko , Watanabe Go , Nakagawa Yasuhiko , Hashimoto Manabu , Iida Masatake
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The use of technetium 99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) scintigraphy parameters, HH15 and LHL15, in assessing the future liver remnant function is not expedient because of their nonlinear behaviour against liver volume. Uptake rate constant for the binding of 99mTc-GSA to asialoglycoprotein receptors is probably more favourable, but the reported calculation methods are complex. We devised a simple method to calculate the uptake rate constant, KrGSA. Methods: Radioactivity counts for the entire liver and heart regions were extracted at 10, 20, and 30 min. Using whole liver and heart volumes measured from single-photon emission computed tomography images, free radioactivity corresponding to the liver blood pool was subtracted. The time activity curve was fitted to the equation L(t) = L(∞) × [1 − Exp (−kt)] using Microsoft Office Excel (add-in free programme Solver)®, where L(∞) is the count at plateau level and k denotes KrGSA. Results: KrGSA values accurately identified liver cirrhosis and were similar to the KICG. The areas under the curve for KrGSA and KICG in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were 0.808 and 0.795, respectively, and a good correlation was seen between KrGSA and KICG. Discussion/Conclusion: KrGSA can be utilized as an alternative to KICG in assessing the future liver remnant function.
Comparison of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant and Posterior Subtenon Triamcinolone Injection in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema in Vitrectomized Eyes
Authors: Gumus Gulsah , Erdogan Gurkan , Gunay Betul Onal , Karatas Durusoy Gonul
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare posterior subtenon triamcinolone (PSTA) application and intravitreal dexamethasone phosphate (DEX) implant in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in vitrectomized eyes. Methods: This retrospective study included 64 (48.12%) patients who received PSTA and 69 (51.88%) patients who received DEX implants in DME treatment after vitrectomy. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed before injection; at 1, 3, and 6 months after injection. The postinjection values were statistically compared with the preinjection value. Results: All postinjection CMT values in both groups were lower than the preinjection value (p < 0.05 for all). There were statistically significant increases in all postinjection BCVAs of the DEX group and postinjection 1-month BCVA of the PSTA group (p < 0.05 for all). However, there was no significant difference in BCVA values of the PSTA group at 3 and 6 months after injection (p > 0.05 for both). There was no statistically significant difference in all postinjection IOP values of the PSTA group (p > 0.05 for all). However, significant increases in IOP were observed in the DEX group at 1 and 3 months after injection (p < 0.05 and p = 0.02, respectively). The number of additional injections between the 3rd and 6th months after the initial injection was statistically higher in the PSTA group (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Both intravitreal DEX and PSTA administration are effective in the treatment of DME after vitrectomy. However, visual improvement persisted longer, and the need for additional injections was less in patients who received DEX.
Mapping the Pattern of Essential Neuroendocrine Cells Related to Puberty and VA Opsin Expression Provides Further Insight in the Photoreceptive Regulation of the Brain-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
Authors: Horne Christine , Helvik Jon Vidar , Fleming Mitchell Stewart , Fjelldal Per Gunnar , Eilertsen Mariann
Published: August 2022

In Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), seasonal photoperiod is shown to regulate the onset of sexual maturation, yet which brain region(s) is involved, and how light information impacts the neuroendocrine system are still not fully understood in teleosts. Detailed knowledge about the photoperiodic regulation of maturation in fish is still missing. In birds, it is shown that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh) is located in the same neurons as vertebrate ancient (VA) opsin, suggesting a direct photoreceptive regulation for the onset of sexual maturity. This study presents a comprehensive topographic mapping of gnrh2, gnrh3, kisspeptin 2 (kiss2), gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone (gnih), and VA opsin using in situ hybridization on mature Atlantic salmon brains. Neurons positive for gnrh3 are expressed in the olfactory bulb and ventral telencephalon, while gnrh2-positive neurons are located dorsally in the midbrain tegmentum. Gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone (Gnih)-expressing cell bodies are present in the ventral thalamus and extend caudally to the hypothalamus with kiss2-expressing cells appearing in a lateral position. VA opsin-positive cells are present in the telencephalon, the rostro-dorsal ring of the left habenula, the ventral thalamus, and the midbrain tegmentum. The results show no similar co-location as found in birds, hypothesizing that the photoreceptive modulation of Gnrh in salmon may interact through neuronal networks. The topography analyses of the essential neuroendocrine cells related to sexual maturation in the Atlantic salmon brain show that diencephalic (thalamus, hypothalamus) and midbrain (tegmentum) regions seem central for controlling sexual maturation.
Clinical and Molecular Findings of Intermediate Allele Carriers in the HTT Gene from the Mexican Mestizo Population
Authors: Ramírez-García Miguel Ángel , Dávila-Ortiz de Montellano David José , Martínez-Ruano Leticia , Ochoa-Morales Adriana , Romero-Hidalgo Sandra , Zenteno Juan Carlos , Yescas-Gómez Petra
Published: August 2022

Introduction: There are reports of different clinical statuses in carriers of intermediate alleles (IAs) of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the HTT gene, from individuals affected by a clinical picture indistinguishable from Huntington’s disease (HD) to those without manifestations. Therefore, the possible clinical significance of these alleles has been widely debated. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe general and clinical features and discard HD phenocopies by molecular assessment in a case series of IA carriers on the HTT gene of a laboratory sample from a neurological center in Mexico. Methods: We selected individuals who had previously been tested for the HTT gene expansion, which resulted in IAs. Clinical information was obtained from medical records, and molecular analysis of the JPH3, PRNP, and TBP genes was performed only in IA carriers with clinical manifestations. In addition, two patients with IA and acanthocytes were evaluated by whole-exome sequencing. The scientific and ethical committees of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez (NINNMVS) approved this study. Results: From 1994 to 2019, the Genetics Department of the NINNMVS confirmed 34 individuals with IAs, 15 of whom belonged to 11 families with HD (IA-HD) and 19 of whom had no family history of HD (IA-non-HD). We found a high proportion of manifestations of the HD phenotypic spectrum in the IA-non-HD subgroup. In addition, among the 20 samples of IA carriers with manifestations molecularly evaluated, we identified two unrelated subjects with CAG/CTG repeat expansions on the JPH3 gene, confirming HD-like 2 (HDL2), and one patient with the homozygous pathogenic c.3232G>T variant (p.Glu1078Ter) in the VPS13A gene, demonstrating choreoacanthocytosis. Discussion/Conclusion: Our results show the most extensive series of subjects with IAs and clinical manifestations. In addition, we identify three HD phenocopies, two HDL2 cases, and one choreoacanthocytosis case. Therefore, we emphasize evaluating other HD phenocopies in IA carriers with clinical manifestations whose family background is not associated with HD.
Islamic Palm-Leaf Manuscripts from Lombok
Authors: van der Meij Dick
Published: August 2022

The religious background of manuscripts and texts from Lombok is not always certain. Nevertheless, in view of the overwhelming Muslim population on the island, many texts in manuscripts are inspired by Islam. Most manuscripts in Lombok are written on palm leaves, and these lontar manuscripts used to be kept by the people in great numbers, especially among the Waktu Telu, Muslims who adhere to a local variety of Islam, distinct from mainstream Sunni Islam. Material and non-material aspects of the lontar manuscripts from Lombok are discussed here. Apart from the Sasak inhabitants of Lombok, the Balinese community in West Lombok is also familiar with Muslim texts, and some aspects of the materiality of the lontar manuscripts from both communities containing Islamic texts are discussed here. The examples of the manuscripts highlighted here offer wider insights about these so far ill-studied manuscripts from Lombok in Indonesia.
An Amulet Scroll from Erzurum from August D. Żaba’s Kurdish Collection in the Manuscript Department, National Library of Russia, Kurd. 51
Authors: Omarkhali Khanna
Published: August 2022

This article presents an edition, translation, and study of the amulet scroll Kurd. 51 from the Kurdish collection of August D. Żaba that was presented by him to the Manuscript Department of the National Library of Russia (NLR) in St Petersburg in 1868 along with 52 manuscripts and lithographs. The amulet contains passages in Arabic and Persian and was found, according to Żaba, among the Kurds in Erzurum.
Two New Arabic Business Letters from the Berlin Collection
Authors: Kamal Ahmad
Published: August 2022

There is a high percentage of letters among Arabic documentary material. The vast majority of them remain unpublished, however. This article presents the edition, translation, and commentary of two as yet unpublished business letters currently kept at the Egyptian Museum in Berlin. The first was sent to solicit help with some calculations and to stress the importance of the results (P.Berl.inv. 8582), and the second was sent to grant a monk permission to join the harvest (P.Berl.inv. 6746 verso).
Parathyridaria ephedrae sp. nov. (Thyridariacaeae, Pleosporales), endophytic to Ephedra gerardiana in India
Authors: MATTOO AROOSA JAN , NONZOM SKARMA
Published: August 2022

A novel endophyte, Parathyridaria ephedrae sp. nov. (Thyridariaceae) was isolated from the stem of Ephedra gerardiana growing in Kargil district of Union territory Ladakh, India. Detailed micromorphological investigations revealed that this isolate differs from previously described Parathyridaria species by having 1–3 wart-like prominent papillae, a larger ostiolar canal, thicker conidiomatal wall with more layers of textura angularis, and larger conidia. Phylogenetic analyses based on concatenated sequence datasets of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and large subunit (LSU) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) strongly supported the morphological outcome and confirmed the novelty of the taxon. Detailed description, illustrations, and phylogenetic results of the novel species are presented and discussed.