bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Injection Pattern Arrangements on Formation Connectivity During Water Flooding
Authors: Javaheri Parishad , Sadeghnejad Saeid
Published: March 2017

Water flooding is one of the most common methods during secondary recovery. The management of water injection can enhance the productivity of wells; whereas, the absence of proper supervision on injection can irreparably damage formations. Conventional approach to evaluate water flooding behavior is constructing a geological model, linking flow characteristics of the formation to the model, up-scaling it, and eventually running simulations so many times. The problem with this approach is that this method is computationally too expensive and time consuming. In addition, lots of data are required as an input. Therefore, there is a great interest to implement other physically based theories to quickly predict the performance of reservoirs when certain data are not available (e.g. during exploration phase). The percolation approach is one of these methods, which is based on the principal that a formation can be divided into two parts: permeable and impermeable medium. The percolation theory is a basic mathematical model for connectivity prediction in systems with complex geometries.

During water flooding, production and injection wells are normally drilled in a geometric configuration called flooding patterns. These well configurations enable us to attain an optimum production rate at the same time as to use the benefits of reservoir characteristics such as formation dip angle, faults, fractures, and permeability changes. The most common flooding patterns includes four-spot, five-spot, seven-spot, nine-spot, flat-linear pattern, and flat-fit pattern. The classic percolation approach uses two wells (i.e., injection and production wells) in a reservoir model. The effect of multiple wells in different configurations (i.e., injection well patterns) has not been investigated yet in the percolation literature. The main idea of this study is to implement an isotropic 2-D model within the framework of site percolation to determine the effect of water flooding patterns on percolation predictions. Square-shaped objects, representing formation sand bodies that contain hydrocarbon, are randomly distributed in the background of a formation by Monte Carlo simulations. The master curves of mean connectivity in a formation are then modeled by finite-size scaling laws for different injection patterns. All implemented codes are developed in C# language.

The results enable us to predict the connectivity of different water flooding patterns without any need for further detailed simulations. In addition, the percolation threshold as well as the connectivity exponent of different patterns is investigated in details. The implemented percolation-based model shows promising results that can be used when the conventional simulation-based approaches cannot be implemented due to uncertainty in input data.
Drilling Risk Migration Based on Borehole Failure Mechanism Analysis from Oil-Base Mud Images: A Case Study from West of Shetland, North Sea
Authors: Yang S. , Liu C. , Le Nir I. , Zhang T. , Bloemenkamp R. , Comparon L.
Published: March 2017

Drilling risk can be migrated based on borehole failure mechanism analysis, which provides valuable information for wellbore stability and formation damage protection. It is very challenging to identify the borehole failure in oilbase mud environment because of lacking of high resolution borehole image although we can get some information from cutting shape or sonic data with high uncertainty.

A new photorealistic micro-electrical imager for oil-based mud provides rich information on borehole failure and related formation damage from 3 different images (resistivity, permittivity and stand-off). The different borehole failure mode including tensile, compressional or shear are easily identified from resistivity or permittivity image.

The multiple arm radius data of this imager was also used to for borehole failure identification complementing with image feature interpretation. The special stand-off image was integrated for borehole failure identification as well.

One case study from Clair field, west of Shetlands North Sea was presented to demonstrate the borehole failure identification. The horizontal incipient breakout in horizontal well provides the consistent extensional stress regime; the breakout from vertical well show the new understanding of minimum horizontal stress and the mixture of drilling induced fracture and incipient breakout indicate the small ratio of two horizontal stress. The one dimensional mechanical earth model (MEM) of a horizontal well was updated based on borehole failure mechanism. The new MEM is more consistent with field leak of testing in other wells and provide valuable information for mud optimization to improve drilling efficiency in different risk intervals.

The new high-definition OBM-adapted micro-electrical imagesenabled confident identification and quantification of borehole tensile orshear failures and provides direct evidence for single well geomechanics earth model calibration.
CO2 Effects on Wellbore Pressure Response During Injection-Falloff Test
Authors: Machado Cíntia G. , Firoozabad Mohammadreza M. , Reynolds Albert C.
Published: March 2017

The injection-falloff test problem can be considered as two independent stages, injection and falloff. For the injection period, we first determine the saturation and concentration distributions with time in the reservoir from the appropriate system of hyperbolic conservation equations by assuming a one-dimensional homogeneous medium containing incompressible fluids and applying the method of characteristics (MOC). We assume an isothermal process with thermodynamic equilibrium and a linear adsorption isotherm, neglecting the CO2 diffusion.Then the pressure solution can be obtained by integrating the expression for the pressure gradient by Darcy's law, from the wellbore radius to infinity while assuming an infinite-acting reservoir. Because Darcy's law does not assume incompressible flow, the pressure solution does not need to assume incompressible flow. In order to obtain an analytical expression for the wellbore pressure, one must assume that for injection and falloff, the total flow rate profile in the reservoir is constant in a region from the wellbore to a radius greater than the radius of the flood front. The region within this radius increases with time and it is referred to as the steady-state region or zone (Thompson and Reynolds, 1997b). During the falloff stage, it is assumed that there is no change in saturation in the reservoir, which is reasonable because we neglect capillary pressure, the gravity force and fluid compressibilities when determining the saturation profile. We assume an isothermal process with thermodynamic equilibrium and a linear adsorption isotherm and that viscosities depend only on the CO2 concentration. We neglect diffusion effects and the volume that CO2 occupies in the water and oil phases.
Managing Change through Center of Excellence Implementation for the Upstream Oil Sector in Kuwait
Authors: Al-Zeabot N. K. , Al-Kandari A. Y.
Published: March 2017

Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC) directed its Upstream subsidiaries to collaboratively work towards an integrated 2030 strategy. One of the key elements to achieving the 2030 strategic objectives was to collaborate and share expertise to resolve technical challenges currently facing the upstream entities. As a result, the Center of Excellence (CoE) was successfully implemented to leverage the diverse expertise of technical talent across the three upstream entities of Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), Kuwait Gulf Oil Company (KGOC) and Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company (KUFPEC). CoE Discipline teams comprising of experts in strategically important technical disciplines created significant business value through sharing of knowledge, lessons learned, and experiences, around specific technical challenges.

To embed the CoE as a way of working, change management was identified as a key enabler. Various interventions including organization-wide communications, focus on value creation, incentives, and capability development were implemented to build commitment and manage different stakeholder groups. Specific messages were deployed through high impact communication tools to build wider stakeholder support. The Upstream leadership provided sponsorship and visible support to drive implementation and ensure that value from CoE is recognized. This multi-pronged approach helped embed CoE within the inherent fabric of upstream entities, enabling it to deliver business value.
Use of Proxy Models in Risk Analysis of Petroleum Fields
Authors: Polizel Guilherme A. , Avansi Guilherme D. , Schiozer Denis J.
Published: March 2017

Risk assessment is a crucial process in the development of an oil field. Many tools and methods have been developed and applied in this area, such as reservoir simulation, surface response methodology and emulators. The tool and methodology choices should link to the level of uncertainity and the type of uncertain parameters (continuous, discrete and stochastic attributes), aiming at reliable results with reduced computational time/cost.

The main goal of this work is to apply the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to build proxy models in order to substitute the reservoir simulation model of medium-fidelity yielding to speed up part of the risk analysis processes that demands a high computational effort.

The model passes through statistical and cross-validation in order to be used in production prediction. These validations ensure that the model output resides within a previously established confidence interval. Uncertainty analysis is evaluated based on building risk curves and then the curves are compared with the simulation output, to evaluate the proxy model efficiency based on the Normalized Quadratic Deviation with Signal (NQDS).

The proxy study involves the following steps: (1) Statistical design to perform a sensitivity analysis of the objective functions; (2) Statistical design to obtain the response surface; (3) Statistical validation through analysis of variance (ANOVA); (4) Consistency check of proxies with the simulator outputs; (5) Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) technique to generate equi-probable scenarios during a crossvalidation procedure; (6) Application, building the risk curves through the generated proxy models to assist the decision analysis and (7) Comparison with the curves generated by the simulation using 500 scenarios generated by the LHS.

From the LHS tool, 500 equi-probable scenarios were generated to build the risk curves using the proxy model and then compared with those generated by the reservoir simulator. The NQDS indicator measures the distance among curves. If the value resides between the interval of −1 and +1 it means that the proxy is efficiently reproducing the simulator response within a previous defined tolerance (5% in this case).

The proposed methodology is shown to be efficient and easy to use. This application allowed the reduction of the number of uncertain attributes, avoiding unnecessary processing, obtaining the response surface and then generating proxy models capable of generating risk curves.
Surface Facilities Design for the First CO2 EOR Demonstration Project in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhashboul Almohannad , Almufti Abdullatef , Kokal Sunil
Published: March 2017

Saudi Aramco has a strong and extensive history in environmental protection. The list of activities includes energy conservation, flare reduction and carbon management. As part of Saudi Aramco's environmental stewardship program, the company has moved forward, designed and executed its first carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) through an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) demonstration project using carbon dioxide (CO2).

The main objectives of the demonstration project are quantifying the amount of CO2 sequestered or stored in the reservoir, addressing the risks and uncertainties involved, including remaining oil saturation, the migration of CO2 within the reservoir, identifying operational concerns, and estimating the incremental oil recovery (beyond waterflooding).

Two sets of facilities were specifically constructed for the project: the CO2 capture plant and the produced fluid handling facilities. The CO2 is captured from an industrial plant where it was previously being vented to the atmosphere. It is captured, dehydrated and compressed using a built-for-purpose capturing and compression unit at an existing gas plant facility. The capture plant includes: a seven-stage integrally geared compressor, a tri-ethylene glycol (TEG) dehydration unit located between stages of the integrally geared compressor to dry the CO2, an inter-stage water cooling system, and a dense-phase pump (DPP), which compresses the dry CO2 and then transports it to the field location via an 85 km pipeline for injection. The project includes a row of four injectors and four producers, and two observation wells for monitoring and surveillance.

The produced fluids from the EOR wells flow to a nearby gas-oil separation plant (GOSP), where a new stand-alone high-pressure production trap (HPPT), a new compressor and associated facilities have been built for handling the high concentrated CO2 production streams. The produced fluids from the CO2 wells are separated into oil, water and gas, are measured individually, and then connected to the dedicated streams from the GOSP. The HPPT was specially designed and is a fit-for-purpose vessel to handle the produced fluids from the four producers. A unique vertical four-stage compressor was also installed to compress the produced gas. The produced gases are not recycled and join the gas stream going to a gas plant where they are processed and separated. The amount of injected and produced CO2 are measured accurately to determine the amount sequestered in the reservoir. This paper covers the details of the overall facilities design for the first CO2 EOR project in Saudi Arabia.
Initiation of Stimulation Treatments Depends on Wellbore Mechanical Responses During Drilling
Authors: Alruwaili Khalid MM , Couples Gary D , Ma Jingsheng
Published: March 2017

A stimulation treatment follows from, and is affected by, the set of processes that occur during well construction. The creation of the opening causes a major change in stress state, and may involve permanent rock deformations affecting the wall of the wellbore. Drilling practices seek to avoid such failures because of the immediate consequences associated with rock debris loading the well, but also because deformations provide pathways for fluids to invade the rocks where they may lead to further de-stabilisation via chemical interactions. A hydraulic stimulation treatment uses the pressures of injected fluids to cause rock breakage over a short period of time, creating new flow pathways. The mechanics of the stimulation process, at the moment of its initiation, is very like the condition of mud overbalance while drilling, where the wellbore is inflated to a larger-diameter condition. In stimulation treatments, this wellbore inflation and the resulting rock deformation responses, occur in a situation that already has been modified by the drilling actions.

We describe numerical simulations of these near-well geomechanical processes, relating both to drilling and to stimulation activities, using a method that is based on a combined finite-discrete element formulation. The 2D numerical method treats the model domain initially as a continuum, but allows fractures to develop along any of the faces of the finite elements, with composite fractures able to grow into large and complex configurations. We show that an important factor is the removal of the rock mass from the drilled hole, which leads to a very different stress state around the opening compared to mathematical models that have a pre-existing hole in them. Depending on the far-field stress state and the material properties, the simulations of drilling often develop fracture arrays that are associated with borehole elongation in the far-field minimum stress direction (which is compatible with standard knowledge). Those arrays alter the near-well stress state in major ways. The numerical simulations also reveal the characteristics of deformation processes, involving fracturing and consequent strain changes, and thus their stress changes, which affect the part of the wellbore wall that is broadly aligned with the maximum far field stress. Except with the strongest and stiffest rocks, the fractures in this region initiate and develop mainly as shears, which contrasts sharply with the received wisdom for what is expected. This response also applies when we impose a stimulation loading inside the wellbore (fluid injection).
A New Practical Method for Predicting Equivalent Drainage Area of Well in Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Al-Fatlawi Omar , Hossain Md Mofazzal , Saeedi Ali
Published: March 2017

The tight gas is one of the main types of the unconventional gas. Typically the tight gas reservoirs consist of highly heterogeneous low permeability reservoir. The economic evaluation for the production from tight gas production is very challenging task because of prevailing uncertainties associated with key reservoir properties, such as porosity, permeability as well as drainage boundary. However one of the important parameters requiring in this economic evaluation is the equivalent drainage area of the well, which relates the actual volume of fluids (e.g gas) produced or withdrawn from the reservoir at a certain moment that changes with time. It is difficult to predict this equivalent drainage area of well in tight gas reservoir as it takes utterly long time for reservoir pressure to reach to the impermeable physical boundary of the reservoir. The effective drainage area, which grows with time during the transient period; and consequently it is much smaller than the physical drainage arear over the transient flow period in case of tight gas reservoir because of the low permeability. Consequently the production forecasting using physical drainage area (as generally considered for conventional reservoir) can results not only significant error in estimation but also mislead the decision making process.

In this paper however, a practical method for predicting the equivalent drainage area of a fractured well in tight gas reservoir is proposed. This method is based upon combined gas material balance equation and decline curve analysis. The developed method is validated against reservoir simulation results, which demonstrates that the proposed method is accurate enough to predict the equivalent drainage area, and may be considered as a practical tool for production forecasting for tight gas reservoir. Sensitivity analyses are carried out to investigate various factors, such as porosity, permeability, facture length on equivalent drainage area for fractured vertical well in tight gas reservoir. Based on the sensitivity study it is observed that the fracture half-length and the porosity have strong impact on the equivalent drainage area, and propagation of equivalent drainage area with time.
A Unified Approach to Yield, Buckling and Leak in Well Tubulars
Authors: Goodman Malcolm A.
Published: March 2017

Yield and buckling are independent of hydrostatic pressure. On the other hand, leak in a threaded connection depends on hydrostatic pressure, and hence leak resistance is a function of connector location in the string. It also means that von Mises stress alone is insufficient to characterize connection leak. Like pipe body yield and buckling, a simple consistent failure theory based on principles of mechanics is proposed for leak in threaded connections. Also, the buckling fictitious force is reformulated as a non-fictitious expression to clearly show independence of hydrostatic pressure. Two leak constants, thread modulus and make-up leak resistance, are introduced and evaluated with simple example cases. To quantify results, a 7″ LTC connection is modeled with the new leak criterion, and results demonstrate that the connection can withstand differential pressures higher than the published ratings because of hydrostatic pressure. A new connection safety factor is defined, and a leak line and a leak circle are developed for graphical purposes to quickly identify critical loads for leak.
Using Least Square Support Vector Machines to Approximate Single Phase Flow
Authors: Zhong He , Wu Keliu , Ji Dongqi , Chen Zhangxing
Published: March 2017

Data driven modelling has earned more and more attention in oil and gas industry, but most of these models have been applied to make decision or estimate correlation between properties. This paper proposed an approach to simulate the reservoir without reservoir simulation process.

The complete reservoir model consists of partial differential equations, boundary and initial conditions, expresses the information of the reservoir behaves. The Least Square Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) is applied to train the flow model with the feed of the partial differential equations, whereas the initial and boundary conditions as act as constraints of an optimization problem. Only the kernel of the support vector machines is used to demonstrate the flow model without explicitly computing the feature mapping function.

Specific modification is required to deal with Neumann boundary conditions since the derivatives of the kernel function do not necessarily satisfy the Mercer theorem. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is presented to modify LS-SVM formulation to Single phase flow problem. With the advent of artificial intelligence and data science the method becomes particularly interesting due to the expected essential gains in the execution speed.
Grain Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation in Maize Hybrids Released during 1934 to 2013 in the US Midwest
Authors: DeBruin Jason L. , Schussler Jeffrey R. , Mo Hua , Cooper Mark
Published: March 2017

Nitrogen (N) application in maize (Zea mays L.) reached a maximum of 145 kg N ha−1 in the US Midwest in 1975. Grain yield has continued to increase at a rate of 111 kg ha−1 yr−1, implying an improvement in N efficiency. Our objective was to measure the rate of genetic gain and the traits that contributed to the observed N efficiency for a set of DuPont Pioneer hybrids released between the era decades (ERA) of 1934 to 2013. These hybrids represent the most widely sold hybrids (by volume) in each ERA. A randomized complete block experiment in a split‐plot arrangement was conducted at Sciota, IL, and Marion, IA, during 2013 and 2014, with plant densities of 39,500 and 79,000 plants ha−1 as the whole plot, respectively, and 47 ERA hybrids as the split plot. This experiment was grown in a low‐N (56 kg N ha−1) block and in a high‐N (>200 kg N ha−1) block at each location. Grain yield increased at an average rate of 109 kg ha−1 yr−1 from 1934 to 2013. Partial factor productivity increased from 13.8 in 1934 to 55 kg grain kg applied N−1 in 2013 under high‐N conditions and 79,000 plants ha−1. Traits associated with yield improvement without increasing N application were (i) greater synchrony in floral development, (ii) reduced concentration of grain N, (iii) increased specific leaf nitrogen, (iv) increased kernel number per ear (KPE), and (v) increased kernel mass. Breeding efforts that select for increased KPE under increased plant density should increase yield, and this yield increase could partially be supported through greater postanthesis N remobilization from vegetative tissue without requiring greater N application.
Nueva política migratoria colombiana: El actual enfoque de inmigración y emigración
Authors: Ciurlo Alessandra
Published: March 2017

Colombia mantuvo por años una gestión separada de los flujos migratorios de ingreso y salida del país, encargando a entidades diferentes la definición e implementación de sus políticas en dicha materia, adoptando medidas parciales y poco coherentes entre sí. Con el documento CONPES 3603 de 2009 el Estado aprueba la Política Integral Migratoria (PIM) en la que se definen sistemáticamente los lineamientos, estrategias y acciones de intervención para los colombianos en el exterior y para los extranjeros en el país. En este artículo se analiza el proceso mediante el cual el Estado arribó a su formulación, la importancia del derecho y del escenario internacional, y también, de los procesos de integración a nivel regional. Se analiza la PIM y los diversos instrumentos normativos que derivan de ella, que constituyen la base de la actual política migratoria
Mercantilism or Liberalism? Economic Autonomy and State-Building in Palestine
Authors: Kattan Fadi , Alonso Rosa
Published: March 2017

¿Puede tener éxito la integración económica entre un socio rico y relativamente poderoso, y un socio pobre y relativamente impotente en el contexto de tensiones de seguridad entre ellos? Este documento evalúa la realidad económica resultante de los tratados de paz concebidos entre Israel y Palestina, países con intenciones de integración e interdependencia, pero que ha dado lugar a una situación de facto de desarraigo y mayor grado de dependencia económica. Se evaluó el contexto del estudio con base en las teorías mercantilistas y liberales del siglo XVII,. El estudio muestra que las condiciones reales que prevalecen en las relaciones entre Palestina e Israel están muy lejos de las de un contexto liberal. Palestina e Israel no son dos estados soberanos y en paz. Más bien, Israel es un estado soberano y bien establecido con una economía impresionantemente desarrollada, con un ejército fuerte, mientras que Palestina es una nación ocupada sin estado formal, instituciones incipientes, una economía en desarrollo y sin ejército. Además, el contexto de las relaciones palestino-israelíes no es de paz, sino de ocupación y guerra militares. Debido a esta brecha de poder entre las dos partes y el contexto de la ocupación y la guerra, el régimen de facto y las políticas que regulan y actualizan las relaciones econó- micas entre ellos han sido muy diferentes de lo que se establece de jure bajo los actuales acuerdos de integración económica. Por lo tanto, los resultados en términos de desarrollo económico y construcción de instituciones para Palestina no han sido en absoluto lo que se esperaría de un proceso de integración económica entre dos estados libres y bien establecidos en paz unos con otros.
Niños, niñas y adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados: papel de la comunidad internacional en la protección Integral de derechos
Authors: Tezón Mariana Inés , Puello Amaranto Daniels
Published: March 2017

Uno de los tantos retos que presenta el fin del conflicto armado colombiano es el referente al papel de los organismos nacionales e internacionales en los procesos de protección integral de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) desvinculados de grupos armados ilegales. Así, se pretende indagar sobre cómo diferentes características contextuales, que vulneran a esta población, invitan a una participación más activa de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (CID) en las diferentes estrategias de intervención. Sobre esto, se considera fundamental realizar una reflexión que permita revisar cuáles son las posibilidades y obstáculos de la CID en el tratamiento de los NNA desvinculados, con el fin de repensar prácticas de cara a la implementación de los acuerdos de la Habana. La relevancia del presente artículo reside en que plantea un análisis del papel de la comunidad internacional en la construcción de políticas públicas nacionales que acompañen al fin del conflicto armado colombiano.
Importancia de la construcción de paz en un contexto de guerra: caso colombiano en el periodo 2000-2016
Authors: Tesillo Rodríguez Cristian Danilo
Published: March 2017

Este artículo pretende, en primera instancia, plantear algunas consideraciones sobre el postconflicto como meta de la actividad política y económica en Colombia, logrando abordar y comprender los retos que el país debe afrontar ahora que está inmerso en un escenario de postacuerdo, constituyéndose ello, en una importante contribución para la preparación del futuro. Esto será posible realizando una mirada hacia países que se adelantaron ya en la construcción de paz y que se encuentran en un período de postconflicto, permitiendo, en segunda instancia, poder daradvertencia de los errores que pudieran ser cometidos, y a su vez, indicar la dirección hacia la cual debe enfocarse la atención y ayuda para los que han sido los protagonistas del conflicto (víctimas y victimarios) una vez que el Gobierno de Colombia y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) llegaron a un acuerdo para finalizarlo.
O NATURZE PRAWNEJ DOMENY INTERNETOWEJ
Authors: Brancus-Cieślak Lavinia
Published: March 2017

LEGAL NATURE OF AN INTERNET DOMAIN NAMESummary The paper reviews a legal nature of an Internet domain name, in both technical and commercial aspects. Technically, a domain name can be re- garded as an Internet communication address related to the Website and can be treated like a traditional telephone number or a post address. The equivalence between a domain name’s commercial function as an intangible asset and a trademark is analysed. The domain name hardly matches full legal characteristics of a trademark. The basic function of a trademark, i. e. identification of the source of goods or services is an example. Another example is a discrepancy between the distinctive character of a trademark and descriptive or generic character of most of domain names. Alternatively, the similarity of a domain name to a trade name is analysed as apparently more appropriate as its notion is drawn up by the Polish doctrine and jurisprudence rather than defined by the law. Furthermore, similarity of a domain name to a work protected by Copyright is also indicated. It appears inappropriate when domain name’s lack of original character is considered. An issue whether every domain name can be considered an object of moral rights provided by article 24 of the Civil Code is also indicated. It is concluded that no unambiguous definition can be applied to a domain name as well as no similarities to already existing rights protected by Polish law can be drawn up. Its definition depends on the domain name’s commercialfunction with which it is used in a particular case.
THESA: FERRAMENTA PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE TESAURO SEMÂNTICO APLICADO INTEROPERÁVEL
Authors: Faustino Gabriel Junior Rene , Laipelt Rita do Carmo Ferreira
Published: March 2017

Apresenta para a comunidade acadêmica e de profissionais da informação o software para elaboração de tesauros THESA (Tesauro Semântico Aplicado). Descreve os conceitos e a estrutura do aplicativo para o desenvolvimento de múltiplos tesauros e multiusuários bem como as facilidades para o estabelecimento de relações semânticas propiciadas pelo sistema. Sua metodologia é baseada nas normas ISO e NIZO vigentes compatibilizadas com os requisitos semânticos prementes nas novas demandas dos sistemas de organização do conhecimento. O software funciona em ambiente web, pode ser baixado gratuitamente, e por tratar-se de um open source (código aberto), pode ser modificado ou aperfeiçoado desde que sejam mantidos os créditos. Entre suas vantagens está a expansão dos tipos de relacionamentos com OWL ou simplesmente com RDF. Foi concebido para ser uma ferramenta flexível e passível de incorporações futuras de novas propriedades de relacionamento entre termos, conceitos e esquemas. Com interoperabilidade entre tesauros de outros autores ou de outros domínios, possibilitará a construção de dicionários de sinônimos e inferências de tesauros já concebidos.
ETHOS BARROCO
Authors: De Melo Lisboa Armando
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho examina a existência da herança cultural de um ethos barroco próprio na América Latina, o qual, se diferenciando do calvinista-puritano de corte calculista-individualista, se manifestaria nas tradições populares e em inúmeras expressões comunitárias e de solidariedade ainda fortemente presentes tanto no campo quanto nas cidades.
Explicit Instruction of Memory vs Cognitive Strategies and Reading Comprehension: An Empirical Study with IELTS Candidates
Authors: Nikoopour Jahanbakhsh , Kargar Roozbeh , Esfandiari Nadimeh
Published: March 2017

Research in reading comprehension associates the assumption that readers’ attributes may influence reading comprehension; different readers may process the same text in different ways, depending on their purposes, motivation, attitudes, interests, background knowledge, and the strategies they use. The present study attempted to investigate the impact of teaching cognitive and memory strategies on male and female IELTS candidates’ reading comprehension. To carry out the study, the researcher selected a sample of 88 male and female EFL learners, who attended IELTS preparation classes in Afarinesh English Language Institute regularly. The participants were randomly assigned into three groups; namely, two experimental groups and a control group. Eight memory and cognitive strategies were taught explicitly in the two experimental groups respectively during the treatment, whereas the current usual techniques were being used in the control group. The results showed that the experimental groups outperformed the control group in reading comprehension. The difference between the mean scores of the two experimental groups was not statistically significant. That is, instructing cognitive and memory strategies have had somehow similar impact on the IELTS candidates’ reading comprehension. Finally, the participants’ gender as a moderator variable did not make a significant difference in their reading comprehension.
VIVIR EN EL MIEDO. LA NOCIÓN DE LAB EN OXCHUC, CHIAPAS
Authors: Page Pliego Jaime Tomás
Published: March 2017

Este trabajo se inscribe en la discusión sobre la construcción de la noción de persona en México y Centroamérica y la importancia que en esta tiene la búsqueda de diferencias y similitudes de los conceptos presentes entre pueblos de la región. En dicho sentido, aborda lo referente a la entidad anímica lab entre los actuales tseltales de Oxchuc, contrastando los datos, por un lado, con los reportes etnográficos realizados por diferentes autores entre las décadas de 1940 y 1960, que resulta relevante debido a los importantes cambios suscitados en las formas de ver y de vivir en el mundo; por otro, con la etnografía contemporánea realizada en varios municipios de Los Altos de Chiapas, de habla tseltal.

 

 

ABSTRACT

We can place this paper in the realm of the discussion about the “person concept” in Mexico and Central America, and the importance to seek differences and resemblances amongst different groups of the region. In this respect it refers to the animic entity known among current tseltals of Oxchuc as lab, concept that will be confronted, on the one hand;, with ethnographic reports on the region written between 1940 and 1960, which reflect the significant changes occurred in the way tseltals perceive and live today’s world; and on the other, with contemporary ethnography from other tseltal “municipios” of the Chiapas Highland.
CONTESTED STATES. LAW, HEGEMONY AND RESISTANCE LAZARUS-BLACK, MINDIE Y SUSAN F. HIRSCH (EDS.)
Authors: Orantes García José Rubén
Published: March 2017

CONTESTED STATES. LAW, HEGEMONY AND RESISTANCE

LAZARUS-BLACK, MINDIE Y SUSAN F. HIRSCH (EDS.)Routledge, New York, 1994

EL ACOPLAMIENTO MATERIAL Y SIMBÓLICO DE LOS PROCESOS LEGALES.CONCEPTUALIZANDO EL PODER, LA HEGEMONÍA Y EL GÉNEROA PARTIR DE SUS DINÁMICAS E INTERACCIONES SOCIALES
LA HEGEMONÍA EN EL PODER Y DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL
Authors: Isunza Bizuet Alma E. , Oliva Velas Apolinar
Published: March 2017

El presente ensayo busca explicar cómo la construcción de la relación entre las elites que forman parte del Estado y los grupos sociales que son dirigidos y dominados por el propio Estado —en términos de Gramsci la relación Estado y sociedad civil— generan un tipo de proyecto nacional que impacta al conjunto de territorios, que desde nuestra perspectiva operan como un sistema territorial que compone a un Estado nación. Las condiciones de desarrollo de cada territorio y del conjunto del sistema están afectadas por cómo se estructuran las relaciones entre los grupos de poder local y los grupos de poder central del Estado. Con estas herramientas analíticas se construye una explicación de la relación histórica que se va erigiendo en el México posrevolucionario entre ambos poderes que afecta al desarrollo territorial.

 

ABSTRACT

Based upon a gramscian perspective, this paper seeks to explain how the relationship between the State and civil society generates a type of national project that impacts all its territories. Refering to mexican postrevolutionary experience, it is pointed out that development conditions in each territory and in the entire system are affected by the structure of interactions between the local power groups and the State's central power groups.
CLÚSTERES Y SISTEMAS PRODUCTIVOS LOCALES EN LA FRONTERA NORTE DE MÉXICO: BAJA CALIFORNIA
Authors: Martínez Pellégrini Sárah Eva
Published: March 2017

Este artículo retoma el caso del estado de Baja California para discutir sus bases de desarrollo, ganador en términos de integración a América del Norte, y que hasta la fecha no parece haber logrado una reestructuración de su base económica que permita hablar de la existencia de un sistema productivo local, con cierto grado de integración. El problema fundamental de esta situación es que la economía bajacaliforniana ha mantenido un patrón de crecimiento sin tanto desarrollo hacia una competitividad basada en factores otros que su ubicación geográfica y el precio de la mano de obra. La política de desarrollo empresarial basada en clústeres, implementada en el estado a partir de 2002, podría lograr introducir algunos cambios en el sistema regional hacia la articulación de un sistema territorial con una nueva visión de competitividad, si se analiza desde el marco de las propuestas de desarrollo endógeno.

 

ABSTRACT

This article discusses whether Baja California, a northern border Mexican state, has an endogenous local development dynamic, or its achievements in economic growth rest on a weak economic base with a high level of exogenous dependency. Being one of the TLALCAN-winners does not seem to have endowed this region with inner articulation as to find a Local Productive System on which Baja California could ground an endogenous development model. The recent (2002) change in the regional development policy targeting «clusterization» of economic activities could contribute start a new way to talk competitivity in the region.
EXCHANGE VALUES AND SOCIAL POWER SUPPORTING THE CHOICE OF PARTNERS
Authors: Islabão Franco Márcia Häfele , Da Rocha Costa Antônio Carlos , Coelho Helder
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we adopt Piaget’s theory of social exchanges, in which an interaction is an exchange of services between agents, such that agents assign subjective, qualitative values —called exchange values— to the actions and objects they exchange during interactions. The agents present characteristics related to social power during the interactions. In this paper, we show how these characteristics are considered in the agents’ reasoning. This paper also shows how these characteristics and the exchange values can influence the agents’ choice of future partners, in support of groupformation.

RESUMENEn el presente trabajo adoptamos la teoría piagetiana de los intercambios sociales, donde una interacción es un intercambio de servicios entre agentes, de tal manera que dichos agentes asignan valores subjetivos, cualitativos —denominados valores de intercambio— a las acciones y objetos que intercambian en la interacción. Durante las interacciones los agentes presentan características relativas al poder social. En este trabajo mostramos cómo los agentes consideran dichas características en su razonamiento. Asimismo, el texto muestra cómo estas características y los valores de intercambio pueden influir sobre la futura elección de asociados del agente para la formación de grupo.
CAMINO EN ESPIRAL. TERRITORIO SAGRADO Y AUTORIDADES TRADICIONALES EN LA COMUNIDAD INDÍGENA IKU DE LA SIERRA NEVADA DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Giraldo Jaramillo Natalia
Published: March 2017

En este artículo se evidencia cómo la concepción de la sacralidad objetivada en el territorio constituye un elemento fundamental en la organización cognitiva y social iku, en tanto el territorio es un espacio «semantizado», «socializado y culturizado» (García 1976: 26) que sustenta de manera física y metafísica las relaciones sociales humanas. Así, al analizar las categorías y las clasificaciones del territorio en el marco de lo sagrado pretendemos develar la organización de las relaciones de poder y comprender cómo la violación de los lugares sagrados con la construcción de megaproyectos en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta no solo afecta el equilibrio natural sino también el sistema de conocimiento y gobierno propio de los pueblos indígenas serranos.

 

ABSTRACTThis article shows how the conception of the objectified sacredness in the Iku territory, constitutes a fundamental element in their social and cognitive organization, as long as it is a «semanticized», «socialized and culturized» space (García 1976: 26) which, supports physically and metaphysically human social relationships. Thus, by analyzing the categories and classifications of the territory in the sacred aspect, we intend to show the power relations organization and understand how the violation of sacred places with the construction of magaprojects in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, affects, not only the natural balance, but also the knowledge and governmental system of the Serrano indigenous peoples.
LA MUJER EN LA ALFARERÍA DE TLAYACAPAN, MORELOS: RETROSPECTIVA ETNOGRÁFICA DE UN OFICIO
Authors: Moctezuma Yano Patricia
Published: March 2017

El presente avance etnográfico sobre la apertura de espacios laborales para hombres y mujeres en Tlayacapan tiene por objetivo dar a conocer la valoración cultural y económica de la alfarería entre las nuevas generaciones. Se analiza el impacto que ha tenido la introducción de figuras de ornato en la diversificación productiva y comercial de la entidad básicamente en dos procesos laborales de gran trascendencia: 1) las nuevas formas de inserción laboral femenina, y 2) el taller-tienda como forma organizativa innovadora de perfilar la producción alfarera hacia el futuro.

 

ABSTRACTThe objective of this preliminary ethnographic paper on the expansion of labor opportunities for men and women in Tlayacapan is to present the cultural and economic valuation of pottery making among new generations. I analyze the impact from the introduction of decorative figures in productive and commercial diversification in the locality, on basically two highly important labor processes: 1) new forms of women’s labor insertion, and 2) the workshop-store as an innovative organizational form for pottery production in the future.
RESEÑA A ACTORES URBANOS Y POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS. ESTRATEGIAS DE LOS MANUFACTUREROS DE LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO ANTE EL NEOLIBERALISMO CARLOS BUSTAMANTE LEMUS
Authors: Morales Barragán Federico
Published: March 2017

ACTORES URBANOS Y POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS.  ESTRATEGIAS DE LOS MANUFACTUREROS DE LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO  ANTE EL NEOLIBERALISMO CARLOS BUSTAMANTE LEMUS IIEC-UNAM/MIGUEL ÁNGEL PORRÚA, MÉXICO, 2008
Reseña a Epidemiología sociocultural: un diálogo en torno a su sentido, métodos y alcances. de Haro, Jesús Armando (organizador)
Authors: Haro Jesús Armando , Page Pliego Jaime Tomás
Published: March 2017

Reseña a Epidemiología sociocultural: un diálogo en torno a su sentido, métodos y alcances. de Haro, Jesús Armando (organizador), 2011, México, Colegio de Sonora-Lugar Editorial S. A. ISBN 978-607-7775-10-2
LOS HIJOS DE INMIGRANTES MEXICANOS EN ESTADOS UNIDOS DE NORTEAMÉRICA Y SUS ASPIRACIONES EDUCATIVAS: UNA NUEVA PROPUESTA TEÓRICA
Authors: Martínez Curiel Enrique
Published: March 2017

El presente trabajo comparte una propuesta teórica para explorar el proceso de formación de las aspiraciones educativas de los hijos de inmigrantes mexicanos desde la óptica de la vida familiar, tomando en consideración distintos enfoques teóricos. El artículo parte de la aseveración de que «la familia es un punto estratégico para entender las dinámicas de los flujos de la inmigración (legal e ilegal) y del proceso de adaptación del inmigrante» (Rumbaut 1997: 4). La propuesta de análisis plantea abordar el objeto de estudio desde la dinámica interna de la vida familiar. Asimismo, es importante tomar en cuenta el contexto social y cultural del lugar de origen de las familias inmigrantes y el contexto de recepción.

 

THE CHILDREN OF MEXICAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES AND THEIR EDUCATIONAL ASPIRATIONS: A NEW THEORICAL PROPOSALABSTRACTThis work is a theoretical proposal that uses a family life perspective to explore the construction of educational aspirations of Mexican immigrant children. It takes into consideration different theoretical approaches. The article begins by stating that «the family is a strategic element to understand the dynamics of both legal and illegal immigration flows and the immigrant’s adaptation process» (Rumbaut, 1997: 4). The analytical proposal sets forth that the object of study must be approached at the level of the inner dynamics within family life. It is also important to take into account the social and cultural context of the place where family immigration originates, as well as the context of the receiving location.
Reseña a Shamans of the foye Tree: Gender power and healing among Chilean Mapuche
Authors: Hale–Gallardo Jennifer
Published: March 2017

Reseña a Shamans of the foye Tree: Gender power and healing among Chilean Mapuche, 2007, de Ana Mariella Bacigalupo, University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas, ISBN 978-0-292-71659-9.
LUCHA CAMPESINA, AUTONOMÍA E INSTITUCIONALIZACIÓN: EL CASO DE LA CIOAC EN ACALA, CHIAPAS
Authors: Villafuerte Torrez Antonia Berenice
Published: March 2017

En este artículo se analiza la participación de la Central Independiente de Obreros Agrícolas y Campesinos (CIOAC) en Chiapas, en el marco de la lucha campesina nacional. Resalto su trabajo organizativo y sindical en la entidad. Detallo el papel de la organización en el contexto de la estrategia salinista y reflexiono sobre la pérdida de la capacidad autonómica y de independencia de la CIOAC frente al poder estatal y político. Posteriormente, y tomando como caso de estudio la CIOAC en Acala, Chiapas, describo las estrategias de institucionalización de la organización y planteo la presencia de una crisis de representación de dicha central.

 

PEASANT STRUGGLE, AUTONOMY AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION: THE CASE OF CIOAC IN ACALA, CHIAPASABSTRACTThis article analyzes the participation of the Independent Central of Agricultural Workers and Peasants (CIOAC) in Chiapas, in the framework of the national peasant struggle. Highlight their organizing and union in the state. Detail the role of the organization in the context of the strategy Salinas and reflect on the loss of regional capacity and independence of the CIOAC against the state and political power. Then, taking as a case study CIOAC in Acala, Chiapas, I describe the strategies of institutionalization of the organization and raised the presence of a crisis of representation of the central.