bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological resilience in deaf or hard-of-hearing students and associated factors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Tian , Huang Shan , Liu Yuanfei , Bao Guanjun , Luo Ye
Published: January 2024

Aim
Mental health in deaf and hard-of-hearing (D/HH) students is a severe issue. The level of psychological resilience would buffer the negative effect of mental illness. We aimed to examine the current situation of psychological resilience in D/HH students and identify the associated factors in China.
Design
A cross-sectional study.
Methods
Using multi-stage sampling, we conveniently selected two special education colleges tailored for D/HH students and randomly selected three classrooms from each grade in each college with clustering sampling. Psychological resilience was measured by the Connor - Davidson Resilience Scale. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were applied to identify multiple levels of associated factors including individual, family, peer and social environmental factors.
Results
D/HH students had a middle level of psychological resilience. The results in multivariate linear regression model showed that D/HH students with leadership experience, acquired deafness, very good lip-reading ability, family annual income 120000 RMB or above, more D/HH friends or both D/HH and hearing friends, more social support demonstrated better psychological resilience.
Conclusions
Our study has important implications for disability nursing. The findings would inform practice and policy to identify the D/HH students who are at greater risk and develop effective intervention strategies to improve the psychological resilience and mental health in this marginal population.
Patient or Public Contribution
There is no patient or public contribution.
Interplay between Two Paralogous Human Silencing Hub (HuSH) Complexes in Regulating LINE-1 Element Silencing
Authors: Lewis Peter , Jensvold Zena , Christenson Anna , Flood Julia
Published: January 2024

The Human Silencing Hub (HuSH) complex is composed of TASOR, MPP8, and PPHLN1 subunits and serves as a conserved protein complex responsible for silencing transposable elements in vertebrate animals. Despite its importance, the regulatory mechanisms and recruitment dynamics governing this complex remain poorly understood. In this study, we have identified a second HuSH complex, termed HuSH2, centered around TASOR2, a paralog of the core TASOR protein in HuSH. Our findings indicate that every subunit in both HuSH and HuSH2 has an important role in achieving precise genomic localization to distinct, non-overlapping genomic loci. We utilized in silico protein structure prediction to simulate the interactions between MPP8 and both TASOR paralogs. Drawing on the insights gained from these predictions, we implemented amino acid substitutions that interfered with the binding of MPP8 to each HuSH complex. Leveraging these MPP8 transgenes and other constructs, we identified an important role played by the relative quantities of HuSH complexes in controlling the activity of LINE-1 elements. Furthermore, our results suggest that dynamic changes in TASOR and TASOR2 expression enable cells to finely tune the extent of HuSH-mediated silencing. Our study provides insights into the intricate interplay between HuSH complexes, illuminating their important role in the regulation of retrotransposon silencing.
Correlation Between Objective Variables in Multi-objective Optimization Problems
Authors: shahsavanpor sahar
Published: January 2024

The problems of multi-objective optimization, due to the obligation of checking the multiplicity of objectives and the competition and trade-offs between objective benefits, have received much attention and motivation from researchers in real-world decision-makings. In this research,we want to compute the covariance between all objective functions to find out which objectives are directly affected by each other. In fact, how optimizing an spacial objective function will improve other objective's benefit or conversily will deteriorate other objective's benefit.
Modulatory effect of α-Bisabolol on induced apoptosis via mitochondrial and NF-κB/Akt/PI3K Signaling pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
Authors: Arjunan Sundaresan , Balaraman Deivasigamani , Alquraishi Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer is a highly feared form of cancer that predominantly affects women. In pursuing effective treatments, herbal medicine has garnered attention as a viable resource. It holds promise as an alternative approach for managing and combating breast cancer. The primary objective of the research was to explore how α-Bisabolol hinders the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and decipher its molecular mechanisms of reducing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. In the experiment, cultured MCF-7 cells were divided into four distinct groups: The first group functioned as the control, whereas the second, third, and fourth groups received separate treatments of α-Bisabolol at varying concentrations. After allowing the cells to incubate for a 24-hour, we examined them to assess any alterations in their morphology after applying α-Bisabolol. This treatment led to the suppression of cell growth, an elevation in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the initiation of apoptosis. Furthermore, examination through western blot and real-time PCR unveiled that cell treated with α-Bisabolol exhibited reduced levels of the cell survival gene Bcl-2, alongside elevated levels of the pro-apoptotic genes Bax, Bad, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and cytochrome c. Meanwhile, NF-κB, p-PI3K, and p-Akt proteins were downregulated in α-Bisabolol treated cells. These results suggest that α-Bisabolol diminishes the cell viability of MCF-7 cells and triggers cellular apoptosis through both the mitochondrial pathway and the NF-κB/Akt/PI3K signaling pathways.
A clinical study on spinal anaesthesia with an equal dose and different concentrations of ropivacaine combined with epidural anaesthesia during caesarean section
Authors: Li Xiu-Qin , Liu Yang , Zhao Di , Chen Chun-Jiang , Xu Jian-Hong
Published: January 2024

Background: Patients who undergo spinal anaesthesia combined with epidural block during caesarean section often have prolonged dyskinesia and leg numbness after the operation. This study explored whether small-dose and low-concentration local anaesthetics can meet the needs of surgery while helping relieve motor blocks earlier, reduce discomfort during leg numbness, and promote early maternal activity to provide additional options for women undergoing caesarean section.
Methods: One hundred and twenty patients who underwent elective caesarean section were randomly divided into three groups according to the local anaesthetic concentration: 0.6%, 0.5%, and 0.4% ropivacaine. In all the groups, the puncture point, total dose and injection speed were the same, and an epidural catheter was inserted. Additionally, 2% lidocaine was added to the epidural catheter when the effect of spinal anaesthesia decreased during the operation. The primary outcome was the duration of lidocaine supplementation. Other secondary outcomes were the onset time, duration, highest sensory and motor block levels, use of additional epidural drugs, vital signs, adverse reactions, satisfaction and so on.
Results: The sensory and motor block levels decreased faster and were shorter in the 0.4% ropivacaine group than in the other two groups, but additional epidural drugs were needed. Intraoperative circulation was more stable. There were no significant differences in adverse reactions or satisfaction among the groups.
Conclusions: A small dose of 0.4% ropivacaine can meet the needs of surgery during combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section, and parturients can recover lower limb sensation and motor function faster after surgery; however, it is necessary to determine the operation time and administer epidural drugs in a timely manner.
Trial registration: ChiCTR-2000030968 (Chictr.org.cn); registered on 20/03/2020.
Placental Histopathological Abnormalities in Adverse Obstetric Outcomes: A retrospective Cross-sectional Study at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital
Authors: Fahdi Maryam Al , Riyami Nihal Al , Ahmed Bushra
Published: January 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the placental histopathological abnormality results in adverse obstetric outcomes and determine if there is a relationship between a specific adverse obstetric outcome and a placental histopathological finding.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to January 2020 including women who were admitted to Sultan Qaboos University Hospital with an adverse obstetric outcome, where the placenta was sent for histopathological examination. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 28 and Microsoft Excel. Fisher Exact test was used for measuring the statistically significant relationship between a placenta histopathological abnormality and adverse obstetric outcome. A p value of <0.05 was determined to be statistically significant.
Results: 191 women were included in the study. The most common adverse obstetric outcomes included preterm labor (25.1%), fetal growth restriction (FGR) (19.4%), preeclampsia and related complications (15%), placental abruption (14.1%), and chorioamnionitis (14%). Seventy-four percent of cases were reported with placental abnormality. In preterm labor, inflammatory lesions were present in 50.0% (p = 0.002). In FGR, fetal thrombotic vasculopathy lesions were present in 5.4% (p = 0.037). In preeclampsia, half of the cases had maternal under perfusion lesions (p = 0.001).
Conclusions: Placental histopathological examination is an important tool when assessing perinatal outcomes. The placental histopathological results must be correlated with various obstetrical conditions and adverse outcomes. In addition, the results can yield to valuable information that will help the obstetricians in formulating an appropriate management plan in future pregnancies.
Central Precocious Puberty in a Chinese Girl with cblC-Type Methylmalonic Acidemia: a case report
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , Ma Shifeng , Zheng Rongxiu
Published: January 2024

Background
Cobalamin C-type methylmalonic acidemia (cblC-type MMA) is an autosomal-recessive genetic disease characterized by intracellular cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolic disorder caused by MMACHC mutations. cblC-type MMA has diverse clinical manifestations due to the dysfunction of multiple organs. Central precocious puberty (CPP) is caused by early activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis before 8 years of age for girls and 9 years of age for boys.
Case presentation:
A Chinese girl was diagnosed with cblC-type MMA at 33 days old with elevated serum levels of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Genetic screening revealed compound heterozygous mutations in exon 4 of the MMACHC gene, the variants were c.445_446insA (p.C149XfsX1) inherited from father and c.609G > A (p.W203X) inherited from the mother. She was treated with special formula powder (isoleucine, methionine, threonine and proline removed) and an intramuscular injection of hydroxycobalt ammonium, oral L-carnitine and betaine after diagnosis. She showed breast development, elevated baseline levels of sex hormones and increased uterine volume at 7 years and 9 months of age, and CPP was definitively diagnosed. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) and rhGH were used to protect growth for the patient without obvious side effects up to date.
Conclusions
Abnormal metabolites of methionine due to MMACHC gene mutations, may lead to CPP in children with MMA. For patients diagnosed with both MMA and CPP, combined treatment with GnRHa and rhGH may be safe and sufficient to improve adult height.
Jaguar (Panthera onca) population dynamics in an “isolated” national park in the Cerrado biome, Brazil
Authors: Alves Giselle Bastos , Tôrres Natália Mundim , Jácomo Anah Tereza de Almeida , Finnegan Shannon Patrícia , Trinca Cristiano Trapé , Moreira Renato , Sanz-Pérez Ana , Sollmann Rahel , Silveira Leandro
Published: January 2024

The jaguar (Panthera onca) is endangered along all its geographical distribution, including Brazil. Assessments of jaguar population dynamics are scarce despite their relevance to efficiently design conservation measures and acknowledge the demographic health of jaguar populations. This study uses camera trap data from 4 surveys spanning 8 years to gain knowledge on jaguar population dynamics in Emas National Park (ENP), one of the largest Conservation Units in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. ENP is located within a major grain cropland area and provides refuge for species that occur in its interior and surroundings. We used spatially explicit capture-recapture models (SCR) to estimate jaguar population density and population trends, and Cormack-Jolly Seber models (CJS) to estimate survival. We derived recruitment into the adult population from estimates of population trends and survival. Across all surveys, we identified 26 individuals, 9 female (F), 13 male (M), and 4 with unidentified sex (NI). The estimated sex ratio was not statistically different from even. Distance to river positively affected jaguar detection rates; baseline detection rates were higher for males than females and on-road than off-road. The movement parameter σ was higher for males than females. Survey specific density estimates ranged from 1.87 to 2.42 ind./100km², leading to an average annual population growth rate of 0.99, i.e., a stable population. Survival was high (0.87), and some individuals remained in the population for over 10 years, pointing towards a healthy population with low turn-over rates. But recruitment into the adult population was low (0.16), possibly suggesting a somewhat isolated and saturated population. Such population stability supports the role of ENP in local-scale jaguar conservation. Therefore, population management strategies should be adopted to prevent population decline from anthropogenic pressures and stochastic factors.
In vivo expression of anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE by liver-targeted AAV for the treatment of B cell malignancies
Authors: Yang Jianmin , Song Zhiqiang , Liu Ping , Zhang Dongliang , Wang Tao , Yue Wenqin , Geng Yuke , Liu Na , Wang Yang
Published: January 2024

Anti-CD19/CD3 bispecific T-cell engagers (CD19BiTE) has shown promising efficacy in patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) B-cell malignancies. However, the short half-life of CD19BiTE necessitates long-term repeated administration with rest period, which not only increases the costs but also compromises the efficacy. Long-term and stable expression of CD19BiTE is crucial for achieving durable responses of B-cell malignancies. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy has been demonstrated to achieve long-term efficacy for multiple diseases. Here, we generated liver-targeted AAV encoding CD19BiTE (AAV-CD19BiTE) and achieved sustained expression of CD19BiTE for more than six months. The results indicated that AAV-CD19BiTE could significantly reduce the tumor burdens in CD19+ B-cell malignancies xenograft model via a single injection of AAV-CD19BiTE. Meanwhile, more CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T, and activated CD8+T cells were observed in lymphoma microenvironment after therapy with AAV-CD19BiTE. In addition, AAV-CD19BiTE was also proved to have a strong antitumor activity in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of B-cell lymphoma. Altogether, in vivo expression of CD19BiTE circumvents the problem of short half-life and may hold promise as a new therapeutical strategy for CD19+ B-cell malignancies via a single injection of AAV.
Grating-Based Phase-Contrast Breast ComputedTomography at an Inverse Compton Source
Authors: Berthe Daniel , Heck Lisa , Resch Sandra , Dierolf Martin , Brantl Johannes , Benedikt Guenter , Petrich Christian , Achterhold Klaus , Pfeiffer Franz , Grandl Susanne , Hellerhoff Karin , Herzen Julia
Published: January 2024

The introduction of mammography screening programs has significantly reduced breast cancer mortality rates. Nevertheless, some lesions remain undetected, especially in dense breast tissue. Studies have shown that phase-contrast imaging can improve breast cancer diagnosis by increasing soft tissue contrast. Furthermore, grating-based phase-contrast imaging enables the simultaneous acquisition of absorption-, phase-contrast, and scattering, so-called dark-field images. The latter allows the classification of microcalcifications. In addition, breast computed tomography (BCT) systems can identify and discriminate overlapping but clinically relevant structures. This study investigates the benefit of combining grating-based phase-contrast with BCT. For this task, two Photon counting detector (PCD)s are used, and their performance is compared to a flat panel detector in terms of their resolution. The results demonstrate a resolution advantage of PCDs over flat panel detectors. Furthermore, we explore the potential of grating-based phase-contrast breast computed tomography (gbpc-BCT) with a breast phantom and a freshly dissected fibroadenoma. Improved image contrast could be achieved with radiation doses comparable to those used inclinical mammography.
Design and Implementation of Blockchain-Enabled Immutability Mechanism for Enhanced Machine Visual Data Integrity
Authors: Umar Hafiz Gulfam Ahmad , Jatoi Muhammad Uzair , Abid Muhammad Shoaib , Sulaman Muhammad , Iqbal Kashif
Published: January 2024

In the realm of Machine Vision, the progress in cinematography and image processing has empowered computers to comprehend images and videos. Cameras and infrared (IR) technology have become nearly omnipresent, facilitating the acquisition of crucial information about individuals and their surroundings. They are applied across various sectors, including high-security access, biometric cards, and modern surveillance systems embedded in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. However, an issue arises with the surge in information and its dissemination, raising concerns regarding safety, confidentiality, and secure storage as these systems interact with others, potentially leading to problems. To tackle these challenges, experts in computer vision are exploring the integration of blockchain technology. This article presents an overview of blockchain applications in computer vision, encompassing biometrics, video surveillance, and the sharing of image and video data. The objective is to demonstrate how blockchain could augment the safety, privacy, and reliability of these applications. The paper also delves into the tools and methodologies contributing to these goals, shedding light on prospective developments. Essentially, this review seeks to furnish clear insights into the collaboration between blockchain and computer vision. It achieves this by examining the latest advancements, existing challenges, and opportunities for leveraging visual data in a blockchain-driven environment. Ultimately, the focus is on understanding how these technologies can harmonize to influence the future landscape of Machine Vision.
Association between HOMA2 based beta-cell function or insulin resistance and long-term outcomes in kidney transplant recipients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Maanaoui Mehdi , Debillon Florence , Lenain Rémi , Defrance Frédérique , Vantyghem Marie-Christine , Triempont Marine Van , Provôt François , Chetboun Mikael , Kerr-Conte Julie , Hamroun Aghiles , Frimat Marie , Raverdy Violeta , Pattou François , Hazzan Marc , Glowacki François
Published: January 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common comorbidity in kidney transplant recipients, representing a significant proportion of the candidate pool. Post-kidney transplantation management of T2D remains challenging, leading to inferior long-term outcomes compared to non-diabetic recipients. This study aimed to assess the association between Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 (HOMA2) derived insulin resistance and beta-cell function on kidney graft outcomes in T2D kidney transplant recipients. We conducted a monocentric retrospective study at the University Hospital of Lille, including all consecutive adult T2D patients who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2007 and December 2018. HOMA2 indexes (HOMA2 IR for insulin resistance and HOMA2 B for beta-cell function) were calculated at one-year post-transplantation. Primary endpoint was patient-graft survival and secondary endpoints were death-censored graft survival, patient survival and post-transplant metabolic control. Among 1620 kidney transplant recipients, 138 patients with T2D were included, with a median follow-up of 1189 days [688–2038]. HOMA2 IR was significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney graft failure or death (HR per unit = 1.10 (1.01–1.21)). Beta-cell function was not associated with graft prognosis, but decreased beta-cell function was associated with poorer metabolic control over time. This study highlights the significance of insulin resistance as a potential determinant of long-term outcomes in T2D kidney transplant recipients.
Community shifts in the coral Oculina patagonica holobiont in response to confinement, temperature and vibrio infections
Authors: Martin-Cuadrado Ana-Belen , Rubio-Portillo Esther , Antón Josefa
Published: January 2024

Background Extensive research on the diversity and functional roles of the microorganisms associated with reef-building corals has been promoted as a consequence of the rapid global decline of coral reefs attributed to climate change. Several studies have highlighted the importance of coral-associated algae (Symbiodinium) and bacteria and their potential roles in promoting coral host fitness and survival. However, the complex coral holobiont extends beyond these components to encompass other entities such as protists, fungi, and viruses. While each constituent has been individually investigated in corals, a comprehensive understanding of their collective roles is imperative for a holistic comprehension of coral health and resilience.Results A metagenomic analysis was performed to investigate the entire microbiome of the coral Oculina patagonica under various stress conditions, including aquaria confinement, heat stress, and Vibrio infections. Results revealed significant shifts in the abundances and richness of dominant bacterial phyla within the microbiome. In general, aquaria confinement led to an increase in Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteraceae, and Vibrionaceae families, accompanied by a decrease in Streptomycetaceae. Concurrently, it was observed that both the abundance and richness of microeukaryotic species significantly declined. Some fungi such as Aspergillus, Fusarium and Rhizofagus genera decrease (or increased, in the case of Saccharomyces). Furthermore, our analysis also identified a reduction in genes associated with antimicrobial compound production by the coral itself, as well as by Symbiodinium and fungi.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the interplay between microeukaryotic and prokaryotic components of the coral holobiont may be disrupted by stress conditions, such as confinement, increase of seawater temperature or Vibrio infection, leading to a dysbiosis in the global microbial community that may increase coral susceptibility to diseases. Further, microeukaryotic community seems to exert influence on the prokaryotic community dynamics, possibly through predation or the production of secondary metabolites with anti-bacterial activity.
Cognitive differences between two zebra species - the role of fission-fusion dynamics
Authors: Schaffer Alina , Caicoya Alvaro L. , Vadillo Iker Loidi , Widdig Anja , Holland Ruben , Amici Federica
Published: January 2024

In animals, high fission-fusion dynamics characterize groups in which individuals frequently split into subgroups of different size and composition, and may be linked to the enhancement of cognitive skills. However, this hypothesis has rarely been tested. Here, we compared two zebra species with different levels of fission-fusion dynamics, Chapman’s zebras (Equus burchelli chapmanni) and Grévy’s zebras (Equus grevyi), to assess potential differences in their cognitive skills. We tested 8 individuals of each species in experimental tasks assessing their object permanence, short-term memory, inference and quantity discrimination skills. Our results showed that Grévy’s zebras, which are characterized by higher levels of fission-fusion dynamics, performed better than Chapman’s zebras in tasks requiring inference and quantity discrimination skills. These findings provide preliminary support to the hypothesis that high fission-fusion dynamics are linked to the enhancement of specific cognitive skills also in taxa other than primates.
Quantum Ostrowski type inequalities for qa-differentiable strongly convex functions
Authors: Sahatsathatsana Chanokgan , Luangboon Waewta , Nonlaopon Kamsing
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study some new quantum Ostrowski type inequalities for strongly convex functions by applying the notion of qa-differentiable. Moreover, we present the relationship between the newly established and already known inequalities. The newly established results are also proven to be generalizations of some existing results in the area of integral inequalities. Some numerical examples are provided to explain the result.
Chromium-free parenteral nutrition and their effects on chromium levels in very low birth weight infants
Authors: Tejedor María , Vetter-Laracy Susanne , Cobo Pilar , Bauça Josep Miquel , Robles Juan , Forteza Francisca , Beltran Eva
Published: January 2024

Background
As Chromium (Cr) is known to contaminate components of parenteral nutrition (PN), Cr-free PN is recommended for preterm infants. Exposure to Cr by PN in preterm infants is scarcely investigated.
Objective
To describe Cr levels in plasma (Crp) and urine (Cru) during the first month of life in premature newborns ≤ 1500 g of birthweight (BW) receiving PN and to evaluate the impact on postnatal clinical parameters.
Methods
A prospective observational study. Cr-free PN was administered at day 1 of life and continued until full enteral feeding with fortified breastmilk began. Crp levels at day 15 and 30 and Cru at day 30 of life were assessed according to demographic factors, biochemical markers and postnatal morbidity.
Results
97 infants had a median gestational age (GA) of 29.9 weeks, and median BW of 1205g. Medium Crp remained at 1.0 µg/L at 15 and 30 days (IQR 0.7–1.4 and 0.7–1.3 respectively). Premature babies < 26 weeks had a significantly higher Crp at one month than the remainder (P = 0.043) and a higher Cr elimination in urine (P = .026). Crp increased with prolonged PN (P < 0.001), even after adjusting for gestational age (P = .001). Laboratory parameters were not influenced by Crp or Cru, nor was morbidity.
Conclusion
Crp increases with days of PN even when a trace mineral supplement without Cr is used and the level reached maintains during the first month of life with the introduction of Cr supplemented breastmilk feeding. No relation to morbidity was observed.
Application of artificial intelligence-based modelling for the prediction of crop water stress index
Authors: Kumar Navsal , Shankar Vijay
Published: January 2024

The study evaluates the performance of three artificial intelligence (AI) techniques viz. support vector regression (SVR), artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for predicting the crop water stress index (CWSI) using relative humidity, air temperature, and canopy temperature. Field crop experiments were conducted on Wheat (during 2018, 2019) and Indian mustard (during 2017, 2018) to observe the canopy temperature in different irrigation levels. The experimentally obtained empirical CWSI was considered as the reference CWSI. Different configurations of ANN, SVR and ANFIS models were developed and validated with the empirical CWSI. The most optimal model structures for predicting CWSI were ANN5 (ANN with 5 hidden neurons), SVRQ (SVR with Quadratic kernel) and ANFIS2 (ANFIS with 2 membership functions) in Wheat; and ANN3 (ANN with 3 hidden neurons), SVRQ and ANFIS2 in Indian mustard. Based on the values of error statistics during validation, all three models presented a satisfactory performance, however, the efficacy of the models was relatively better in the case of Wheat. The model predictions at low CWSI values indicate deviations in the case of both crops. Overall, the study results indicate that data-driven-based AI techniques can be used as potential and reliable alternatives for predicting CWSI since the performance of the models is reliable for CWSI values commonly encountered in irrigation scheduling.
The effects of a Virtual Fracture Care review protocol on secondary healthcare utilization in trauma patients requiring non operative treatment: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Willinge Gijs , Salentijn Dorien , Spierings Jelle , Twigt Bas , Goslings Carel , Veen Ruben van
Published: January 2024

Background The strain on healthcare resources in the Dutch trauma care system is rising. In response, a Dutch adaptation of the Virtual Fracture Care (VFC) review protocol, designed to optimize trauma care quality within resource constraint, has been implemented to sustain high-quality trauma care. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the VFC review protocol on the utilization of secondary healthcare resources in adult trauma patients who received non-operative treatment for musculoskeletal extremity injuries.Methods This retrospective cohort study assessed the impact of a VFC review protocol on secondary healthcare utilization in adult trauma patients treated non-operatively for a musculoskeletal extremity injury. Patients treated between July 1, 2018 – December 31, 2019 (pre-VFC group), and January 1, 2021 – June 30, 2022 (VFC group) were included. Outcomes included follow-up appointments and involved healthcare professionals, radiographic imaging, and emergency department (ED) reattendances.Results A total of 3791 patients were included, comprising 1819 pre-VFC patients and 1972 VFC patients. Following VFC review, the number of follow-up appointments was reduced by 8% and a shift towards remote delivery of care occurred. Furthermore, VFC review led to a 9% reduction in follow-up radiographs and a 29% decrease in ED reattendances.Conclusion Utilization of a VFC review protocol for management of adult patients with a musculoskeletal extremity injury requiring non-operative treatment improves reduces secondary healthcare utilization compared to traditional treatment protocols. This protocol results in a reduction of follow-up appointments, a transition from face-to-face to remote care delivery, fewer follow-up radiographs, and a reduction of ED reattendances.
Star-Shaped Small Donor Molecules Based on Benzotriindole for Efficient Organic Solar Cells: A DFT Study
Authors: Shafiq Faiza , Mubarik Adeel , Rafiq Mahira , Alshehri Saad M.
Published: January 2024

Context
The purpose of the S01-S05 series of end-capped modified donor chromophores is to amplify the energy conversion efficiency of organic solar cells. Using quantum chemical modeling, the photophysical and photoelectric characteristics of the S01-S05 geometries are examined.
Method
The influence of side chain replacement on multiple parameters, including the density of states (DOS), molecular orbital analysis (FMOS), Exciton binding energy (Eb), Molecular electrostatic potential analysis, Dipole moment (µ), and photovoltaic characteristics including open circuit voltage (VOC), and PCE at minimal energy state geometries, has been investigated employing density functional theory along with TD-DFT analysis. The molar absorption coefficient (λmax) of all the proposed compounds (S01-S05) were efficiently enhanced by the terminal acceptor alteration technique, as demonstrated by their scaling up with the reference molecule (SR). Among all molecules, S04 has shown better absorption properties with a red shift in absorption having λmax at 845 nm in CHCl3 solvent and narrow energy gap (EG) 1.83 eV with least excitation energy (Ex) of 1.4657 eV. All created donors exhibited improved FF and VOC than the SR, which significantly raised PCE and revealed their great efficiency as OSC. Consequently, the results recommended these star-shaped molecules as easily attainable candidates for constructing extremely efficient OSCs.
A YOLOv5 landslide detection model based on multi-scale feature fusion
Authors: Wu YinLong , Shi Longlong , Xu Danchao , Wang Hongming
Published: January 2024

The fast, accurate identification of landslide areas is an important task in the context of big data from high-resolution remote sensing images. convolutional neural network (CNN), as the most commonly used feature extractor for identification of landslide areas in deep learning, still has many shortcomings. An important point is that CNN has to accumulate multiple layers before it can associate the whole image with different parts of the region because the convolutional kernel acts on the local field of perception. Compared with the continuous stacking of convolutions, the non-local operation of Transform directly calculates the relationship between two positions to capture long-range dependencies quickly. This paper combines the non-local information statistical operation operator with CNN, and the non-local operation operator with the global information acquisition capability in CNN. In addition, on the basis of ASPP (Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling), we replace the dilated convolution with a large convolution kernel and introduce the depthwise separable convolution (DSconv), which realizes the multi-scale fusion of convolution layers without increasing the amount of calculation. A non-local information statistical attention YOLOv5 model (NLA-YOLOv5) for landslide detection is proposed. Experimental results show that the NLA-YOLOv5 landslide detection accuracy reaches 80\% average precision (AP). Compared with the basic network YOLOv5, the precision, recall, and AP are increased by 7\%, 2\%, and 5\% respectively. The model detection speed reaches 69 f/s, which effectively improves the landslide detection ability to ensure the real-time detection of the model.
Rapid Posterior Capsular Opacification in Two Patients Treated for Negative Dysphotopsias
Authors: Navia Juan Carlos , Reategui Joaquin A. , Huang Jordan J. , Martinez Jaime D.
Published: January 2024

Background: Negative dysphotopsias (ND) are visual aberrations associated with in-the-bag optic intraocular lens (IOL) placement, causing arc-shaped or linear shadows. Reverse optic capture (ROC) is employed to prevent ND, yet it poses the risk of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) which usually develops within 2-5 years post-surgery due to the lens epithelial cells (LECs) proliferation and migration onto the posterior capsule. This can lead to a cloudy or hazy appearance in the visual field. Early identification of posterior capsular opacities is crucial to ensure timely intervention and minimize visual impairment.
Cases Presentations: Two cases of acute and rapidly progressive PCO following cataract extraction (CE) and IOL placement using the ROC technique to prevent ND are reported at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. At the two-week postoperative follow-up, both patients reported a significant progressive decrease in vision in the treated eye, and severe posterior capsular opacities were observed. A diagnosis of PCO was confirmed, and successful visual rehabilitation was achieved through the performance of ND:YAG laser capsulotomy without complications. This case series represents the first reported instances of patients developing PCO within two weeks of CE and IOL placement using the ROC technique.
Conclusions: This case series sheds light on the occurrence of posterior capsular opacities shortly after CE and IOL placement using the ROC technique. It highlights the importance of preoperative patient education, postoperative monitoring, and prompt management of potential complications in cataract surgery.
Comparison and benchmark of gut viral genomes detected from short- and long-read metagenomes
Authors: Wang Huarui , Sun Chuqing , Chen Jingchao , Zhao Xing-Ming , Chen Wei-Hua
Published: January 2024

Background
Metagenome-assembled viral genomes have significantly advanced the discovery and characterization of the human gut virome. However, we lack a comparative assessment of assembly tools on the efficacy of viral genome identification, particularly across Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Third Generation Sequencing (TGS) data.
Results
We evaluated the efficiency of NGS, TGS and hybrid assemblers for viral genome discovery using 95 viral-like particle (VLP) enriched fecal samples sequenced on both Illumina and PacBio platforms. MEGAHIT, metaFlye and hybridSPAdes emerged as the optimal choices for NGS, TGS and hybrid datasets, respectively. Notably, these assemblers produced distinctive viral genomes, demonstrating a remarkable degree of complementarity. By combining individual assembler results, we expanded the total number of non-redundant high-quality viral genomes by 4.43 ~ 11.8 fold compared to individual assemblers. Among them, viral genomes from NGS and TGS data have the least overlap, indicating the impact of data type on viral genome recovery. We also evaluated two binning methods, finding that CONCOCT incorporated more unrelated contigs into the same bins, while MetaBAT2 balanced inclusiveness and taxonomic consistency within bins.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the challenges in metagenome-driven viral discovery, underscoring tool limitations. We recommend the simultaneous use multiple assemblers, and both short- and long-read sequencing if resources permit, and advocate the pressing need for specialized tools tailored to gut virome assembly. This study contributes essential insights for advancing viral genome research in the context of gut metagenomics.
Random Forests for Inflation Forecasting with Discretized Data and Integrated Moving and static Seasonality
A case study of Algeria
Authors: CHERFAOUI Yasmine , FALI Fatima
Published: January 2024

Accurately forecasting inflation fluctuations is critical for effective economic policy. This paper introduces a novel Random Forest (RF) approach that integrates both lunar and Gregorian month seasonality to enhance inflation prediction accuracy.In this paper discretized data are used to construct aggregated model, enabling analysis of categorical inflation representations. The RF models of this paper leverages month-on-month inflation alongside lunar and Gregorian month features to capture potential cyclical patterns beyond standard temporal trends. This framework to forecast both global and food inflation. Empirical findings suggests the effectiveness of incorporating diverse seasonality features and data representations within the RF framework, offering promising avenues for improving inflation forecasting accuracy and informing well-informed economic policy decisions.
Wilcoxon Nonparametric CFAR Scheme for Ship Detection in SAR Image
Authors: Meng Xiangwei
Published: January 2024

The parametric constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection algorithms which are based on various statistical distributions, such as Gaussian, Gamma, Weibull, log-normal, G0 distribution, alpha-stable distribution, etc, are most widely used to detect the ship targets in SAR image at present. However, the clutter background in SAR images is complicated and variable. When the actual clutter background deviates from the assumed statistical distribution, the performance of the parametric CFAR detector will deteriorate. In addition to the parametric CFAR schemes, there is another class of nonparametric CFAR detectors which can maintain a constant false alarm rate for the target detection without the assumption of a known clutter distribution. In this work, the Wilcoxon nonparametric CFAR scheme for ship detection in SAR image is proposed and analyzed, and a closed form of the false alarm rate for the Wilcoxon nonparametric detector to determine the decision threshold is presented. By comparison with several typical parametric CFAR schemes on Radarsat-2, ICEYE-X6 and Gaofen-3 SAR images, the robustness of the Wilcoxon nonparametric detector to maintain a good false alarm performance in different detection backgrounds is revealed, and its detection performance for the weak ship in rough sea surface is improved to some extent. Moreover, the Wilcoxon nonparametric detector can suppress the false alarms resulting from the sidelobes at some degree and its detection speed is fast.
A Data-driven Approach for Generating Leaf Tissue Nutrient Interpretation Ranges for Greenhouse Lettuce
Authors: Veazie Patrick , Chen Hsuan , Hicks Kristin , Holley Jake , Eylands Nathan , Mattson Neil , Boldt Jennifer , Brewer Devin , Lopez Roberto , Whipker Brian E.
Published: January 2024

In the absence of controlled sufficiency studies, foliar interpretations for many horticultural crops are based on survey concentrations from small data sets. In addition, both survey and sufficiency ranges provide little interpretation regarding zones that are above or below the concentration range deemed “sufficient.” While providing a critical initial set of ranges, it was based on a limited set of data and therefore improvements in interpretation of data are needed. This study presents a novel method based on 1950 data points to create data-driven nutrient interpretation ranges by fitting models to provide more refined ranges of deficient (lowest 2.5%), low (2.5% to 25%), sufficient (25% to 75%), high (75% to 97.5%), and excessive (highest 2.5%). Data were analyzed by fitting Normal, Gamma, and Weibull distributions. Corresponding P values were calculated based on the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality for the Normal and Gamma distributions, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for the Weibull distribution. The optimal distribution was selected based on the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) value and visual fitness. The Weibull distribution best represented nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, manganese, zinc, and copper, and the Gamma distribution best represented magnesium, sulfur, iron, and boron. Using the selected distributions, we propose a refined set of nutrient evaluation ranges for greenhouse-grown lettuce. These refined standards will aid growers and technical specialists in more accurately interpreting leaf tissue sample data.
Presentación volumen 15, número 1
Authors: Castrillón Castrillón Andrés Alfredo
Published: January 2024

El volumen 15 número 1 contiene trabajos cuyos resultados ofrecen análisis desde diversas perspectivas, incluso con acotaciones del pensamiento filosófico, sobre fenómenos sociales, así como el educativo, económico, el de organización social y administrativo, y el de la participación ciudadana ante las situaciones políticas que las involucran, que son de interés científico para las diferentes disciplinas.
Statistical and Artificial Intelligence Based Forecasting Approaches for Cash Demand Problem of Automated Teller Machines
Authors: CEDOLİN Michele , ORHAN Deniz , GENEVOİS Müjde
Published: January 2024

The efficient management of cash replenishment in Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) is a critical concern for banks and financial institutions. This paper explores the application of statistical and artificial intelligence (AI) forecasting methods to address the cash demand problem in ATMs. Recognizing the significance of accurate cash predictions for ensuring uninterrupted ATM services and minimizing operational costs, we investigate various forecasting approaches. Initially, statistical methodologies including Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) are employed to model and forecast cash demand patterns. Subsequently, machine learning techniques such as Deep Neural Networks (DNN) and Prophet algorithm are leveraged to enhance prediction accuracy. We assess the performance of these methodologies through rigorous analysis and evaluation. Furthermore, the paper delves into the integration of these forecasting approaches within an overall decision support system for ATM cash management. By optimizing cash replenishment strategies based on accurate forecasts, financial institutions aim to simultaneously enhance customer satisfaction and reduce operational expenses. The findings of this study contribute to a comprehensive understanding of how statistical and AI-driven forecasting can revolutionize cash management in ATMs, offering insights for improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of ATM services in the banking sector.
Operaciones de corta en el raleo de Pinus patula Schltdl. Cham. en Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Suarez Franco Junior , Oliveira-Nascimento Kauê A. , Oliveira Brown Rafael , Bozovich-Granados Milo , Gonçalves Robert Renato C. , Arce Julio E.
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue brindar información sobre la productividad y costos de las operaciones de corta forestal de Pinus patula. Para lograr esto, se seleccionaron 35 árboles al azar de los cuales se obtuvieron 297 trozas, estas trozas fueron medidas en términos de diámetro y longitud utilizando una wincha, esta información sirvió para el cálculo del volumen de madera utilizando la fórmula de Smalian, mientras que los tiempos de trabajo fueron registrados con un cronometro digital y sirvieron para realizar el estudio de tiempos. Además, se recopiló información a través de entrevistas, las cuales se emplearon para el cálculo de costos. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en un bosque no manejado de 24 años en la zona de Porcón, Cajamarca, Perú. La productividad diaria de la corta fue de 69.2 m³. Para el desrame se encontró una productividad diaria de 15.72 m³. El tiempo productivo fue de 3:09 horas (34.05%) de la jornada. El desrame tuvo un tiempo productivo promedio de 3:19 horas (35.86%) del total. El costo de la motosierra encontrado fue de 151.96 Soles/día, lo cual fue compuesto por posesión 5.1 S/./día (3.36%), operación 75.76 S/./día (49.85%) y mano de obra 71.1 S/día (46.79%). El costo unitario de la producción de madera tumbada y trozada fue de 2.19 S/./m³. Los costos del hacha hicieron un total de 36.44 S/./día, con un costo unitario de 2.3 S/./m³. Por lo tanto la producción de madera tumbada, trozada y desramada ha presentado un costo unitario de 4.5 S/./m³ siendo los costos de operación y mano de obra los más representativos para el caso de la motosierra con 49.84% y 46.8% respectivamente, mientras que para el hacha el costo de la mano de obra fue el de mayor incidencia con 92.3%.
Reproductive Performance of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Small Scale Farm in Boyolali Regency Central Java
Authors: Fitriani Zahrotul , Riyanto Joko , Dewanti Ratih , Cahyadi Muhammad , Wati Ari Kusuma , Pawestri Wari Pawestri , Yanti Yuli
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to determine the reproductive performance of female buffalo in Boyolali Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The sampling method used was the purposive sampling method. The number of respondents was 30 buffalo farmers with a total sample were 100 female buffalo. Collecting data using interview, observation, and literature study methods and analyzing descriptively. The data that has been obtained is then calculated into percentages, averages, and standard deviations, then analyzed descriptively. Buffalo farmers are rice farmers who are still productive with a dominant age of less than 65 years. The main feed given was rice straw, and 64% of buffalo received additional field grass when grazing. The farming experience of farmers was quite long, which is more than 15 years, and was classified as a small-scale farm with the number of buffalo less than 5 heads. The management system used by buffalo farmers is mostly (90%) semi-intensive. The values of gestation length, postpartum estrus, and postpartum estrus were 308.0±7.4 days, 102.2±6.2 days, and 406.8±8.9 days, respectively. The age of first calving for buffalo in the study in Boyolali Regency was 3.60 ± 0.3 years. This study concluded that the reproductive performance of buffaloes in smallholder farms in Boyolali Regency, Central Java Province was in good condition.