bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cryo-EM and MD infer water-mediated proton transport and autoinhibition mechanisms of V
o
complex
Authors: Roh Soung-Hun , Shekhar Mrinal , Pintilie Grigore , Chipot Christophe , Wilkens Stephan , Singharoy Abhishek , Chiu Wah
Published: October 2020

A 2.7-Å cryo-EM structure and MD simulations explain water-mediated H
+
transport and autoinhibition of yeast V
o
proton channel.
Potential impact of tuberculosis vaccines in China, South Africa, and India
Authors: Harris Rebecca C. , Sumner Tom , Knight Gwenan M. , Zhang Hui , White Richard G.
Published: October 2020

Tuberculosis vaccines should aim to protect infected populations against disease, but other vaccine types may be of use in high-transmission settings.
Draft Genome Sequences of Six Moroccan Helicobacter pylori Isolates Belonging to the hspWAfrica Group
Authors: Kartti Souad , Bouihat Najat , El Hajjami Nargisse , Ouadghiri Mouna , Aanniz Tarik , Elouennass Mostafa , Belyamani Lahcen , Ibrahimi Azeddine , Benaouda Amina
Published: October 2020

Helicobacter pylori
affects up to 50% of people worldwide. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of six
H. pylori
strains isolated from Moroccan patients with different gastric diseases. Multilocus sequence typing analysis showed that all of the
H. pylori
isolates belonged to the hspWAfrica group.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis subsp.
lactis
G121, an Isolate with Allergy-Protective Features Derived from a Farming Environment
Authors: Wang Zhongjie , Minarsch Eva-Maria L. , Kublik Susanne , Heine Holger , Schloter Michael , Foesel Baerbel U.
Published: October 2020

Early childhood exposure to a farming environment has been found to be protective against asthma and other atopic disorders. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Lactococcus lactis
subsp.
lactis
G121, which was isolated from the kitchen of a farm in Bavaria (Germany) and is recognized for its allergy-protective properties. It could be assembled into one circular chromosome, three circular plasmids, and one linear plasmid.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Distinct Strains of Serratia marcescens Isolated from Contaminated Platelet Concentrates from Canadian Donors
Authors: Diamandas Alexander , Razon Roel Mikhail , Sykes Ellen , Kumar Ayush , Ramirez-Arcos Sandra , Brassinga Ann Karen C.
Published: October 2020

In this report, we present the genome sequences of two
Serratia marcescens
strains isolated as contaminants from platelet concentrates by Canadian Blood Services and designated CBS2010/11 (CBS11) and CBS2010/12 (CBS12). Genomic sequence analyses showed that CBS11 has one chromosome and one plasmid (pAM01), whereas CBS12 has no plasmids.
Supplemental Material: Juxtaposition of diverse, subduction-related tectonic blocks with contrasting metamorphic features and ages in the Paleoproterozoic Aketashitage orogen, NW China: Implications for Precambrian orogeny
Authors: Zhang Qian W.L. , Wu Chun-Ming , al. et
Published: October 2020

Including mineral contents (Table S1), bulk-rock composition (Table S2), mineral EMPA data (Table S3), SIMS U-Pb data of monazite (Table S4), SIMS U-Pb data of zircon (Table S5), and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of zircon (Table S6)
Supplemental Material: Geochronology of late Albian–Cenomanian strata in the U.S. Western Interior
Authors: Singer Brad S. , al. et
Published: October 2020

Figures S1–S15 and Tables S1–S2.
Treatment of social anxiety disorder and attenuated psychotic symptoms with cannabidiol
Authors: Berger Maximus , Li Emily , Amminger Günter Paul
Published: October 2020

Anxiety disorders in young people are frequently comorbid with other mental disorders and respond unsatisfactorily to first-line treatment in many cases. Here, we report the case of a 20-year-old man with severe social anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, insomnia and attenuated psychotic symptoms despite ongoing treatment with cognitive behavioural therapy and mirtazapine who was treated with adjunctive cannabidiol (CBD) in doses between 200 and 800 mg/day for 6 months. During treatment with CBD, he experienced subjective benefits to his anxiety, depression and positive symptoms during treatment that were confirmed by clinicians and by standardised research instruments. Findings from this case study add to existing evidence in support of the safety of CBD and suggest that it may be useful for young people with treatment refractory anxiety and for attenuated psychotic symptoms.
Patient characteristics associated with a poor response to non-surgical multidisciplinary management of knee osteoarthritis: a multisite prospective longitudinal study in an advanced practice physiotherapist-led tertiary service
Authors: O'Leary Shaun , Raymer Maree , Window Peter , Swete Kelly Patrick , Elwell Bula , McLoughlin Ian , O'Sullivan Will , Phillips Ben , Wake Anneke , Ralph Andrew , O'Gorman Helen , Jang Ellen , Groves Karen , Hislop Andrew , Lee Darryl , Garsden Linda , Conroy Michael , Wickins Daniel , Vicenzino Bill , Comans Tracy , Cottrell Michelle , Khan Asaduzzaman , McPhail Steven
Published: October 2020

Objectives

To explore patient characteristics recorded at the initial consultation associated with a poor response to non-surgical multidisciplinary management of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in tertiary care.

Design

Prospective multisite longitudinal study.

Setting

Advanced practice physiotherapist-led multidisciplinary orthopaedic service within eight tertiary hospitals.

Participants

238 patients with KOA.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Standardised measures were recorded in all patients prior to them receiving non-surgical multidisciplinary management in a tertiary hospital service across multiple sites. These measures were examined for their relationship with a poor response to management 6 months after the initial consultation using a 15-point Global Rating of Change measure (poor response (scores −7 to +1)/positive response (scores+2 to+7)). Generalised linear models with binomial family and logit link were used to examine which patient characteristics yielded the strongest relationship with a poor response to management as estimated by the OR (95% CI).

Results

Overall, 114 out of 238 (47.9%) participants recorded a poor response. The odds of a poor response decreased with higher patient expectations of benefit (OR 0.74 (0.63 to 0.87) per 1/10 point score increase) and higher self-reported knee function (OR 0.67 (0.51 to 0.89) per 10/100 point score increase) (p<0.01). The odds of a poor response increased with a greater degree of varus frontal knee alignment (OR 1.35 (1.03 to 1.78) per 5° increase in varus angle) and a severe (compared with mild) radiological rating of medial compartment degenerative change (OR 3.11 (1.04 to 9.3)) (p<0.05).

Conclusions

These characteristics may need to be considered in patients presenting for non-surgical multidisciplinary management of KOA in tertiary care. Measurement of these patient characteristics may potentially better inform patient-centred management and flag the need for judicious monitoring of outcome for some patients to avoid unproductive care.
Cross-sectional study of dengue-related knowledge, attitudes and practices in Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru
Authors: Elson William H , Ortega Emma , Kreutzberg-Martinez Michelle , Jacquerioz Frederique , Cabrera Lilia N , Oberhelman Richard A , Paz-Soldan Valerie A
Published: October 2020

Objectives

To describe and quantify the dengue-related knowledge, attitudes and practices of residents in an urban shantytown in Lima, Peru.

Design/setting

A cross-sectional survey of adults between 18 and 80 years living in approximately 120 blocks in Oasis, an urban shantytown situated in the low-to-middle income district of Villa El Salvador in Southern Lima. The survey was adapted from an existing survey previously used in Iquitos, Peru, and included questions relating to knowledge of dengue symptoms, transmission, prevention and current mosquito control practices.

Participants

A total of 240 surveys were completed with 80% of respondents being female and approximately 50% of all respondents describing themselves as housewives.

Results

Although 97.9% of respondents had heard of dengue, only 6.2% of people knew someone who had experienced the disease. Approximately half (54.2%) of the respondents knew dengue was transmitted by mosquitoes and 51.7% were able to identify fever and one other correct symptom of dengue. Female sex was significantly associated with greater symptom knowledge (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.72) and prevention knowledge (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.21). Past or current higher education attendance was significantly associated with symptom knowledge (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.25 to 5.44) and transmission knowledge (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.69 to 7.57). Knowledge of dengue was not significantly associated with carrying out practices to control mosquitoes (OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.87 to 3.54).

Conclusions

This population demonstrated baseline dengue knowledge. However, this was incomplete and substantially less when compared with endemic areas. Given the sporadic nature of dengue transmission in Lima, it is not surprising that knowledge of the disease was not associated with carrying out practices to reduce mosquitoes. However, as dengue transmission in Lima is likely to increase, understanding how best to improve public knowledge of the disease and how to translate this into appropriate community action will be a key public health consideration.
Delirium prevention and treatment in the emergency department (ED): a systematic review protocol
Authors: Dahlstrom Elijah Blue , Han Jin Ho , Healy Heather , Kennedy Maura , Arendts Glenn , Lee Jacques , Carpenter Chris , Lee Sangil
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Delirium is a dangerous syndrome of acute brain dysfunction that is common in the emergency department (ED), especially among the geriatric population. Most systematic reviews of interventions for delirium prevention and treatment have focused on inpatient settings. Best practices of effective delirium care in ED settings have not been established. The primary objective of this study is to identify pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions as applied by physicians, nursing staff, pharmacists and other ED personnel to prevent incident delirium and to shorten the severity and duration of prevalent delirium in a geriatric population within the ED.

Methods and analysis

Searches using subject headings and keywords will be conducted from database inception through June 2020 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsychINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global and Cochrane CENTRAL as well as grey literature. Database searches will not be limited by date or language. Two reviewers will identify studies describing any interventions for delirium prevention and/or treatment in the ED. Disagreements will be settled by a third reviewer. Pooled data analysis will be performed where possible using Review Manager. Risk ratios and weighted difference of means will be used for incidence of delirium and other binary outcomes related to delirium, delirium severity or duration of symptoms, along with 95% CIs. Heterogeneity will be measured by calculating I2, and a forest plot will be created. If significant heterogeneity is identified, metaregression is planned using OpenMeta to identify possible sources of heterogeneity.

Ethics and dissemination

This is a systematic review of previously conducted research; accordingly, it does not constitute human subjects research needing ethics review. This review will be prepared as a manuscript and submitted for publication to a peer-reviewed journal, and the results will be presented at conferences.

PROSPERO trial registration number

CRD42020169654.
The efficacy and safety of varenicline alone versus in combination with nicotine lozenges for smoking cessation among hospitalised smokers (VANISH): study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Gobarani Rukshar Kaizerali , Abramson Michael J , Bonevski Billie , Weeks Gregory R , Dooley Michael J , Smith Brian J , Veale Antony , Webb Ashley , Kirsa Sue , Thomas Dennis , Miller Alistair , Gasser Rudi , Paul Eldho , Parkinson Jacqueline , Meanger Darshana , Coward Lisa , Kopsaftis Zoe , Rofe Olivia , Lee Paula , George Johnson
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Smoking is a leading cause of premature deaths globally. The health benefits of smoking cessation are many. However, majority of quit attempts are unsuccessful. One way to potentially improve success rates is to evaluate new combinations of existing smoking cessation therapies that may work synergistically to decrease the intensity of withdrawal symptoms and cravings.

Aims

To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of the combination of varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) lozenges versus varenicline alone in assisting hospitalised smokers to quit.

Methods and analysis

This is a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Adults with a history of smoking ≥10 cigarettes per day on average in the 4 weeks prior to their hospitalisation will be recruited. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group and will receive varenicline and NRT lozenges, or the control group and will receive varenicline and placebo lozenges. All participants will be actively referred to behavioural support from telephone Quitline. Participants are followed up at 1 and 3 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months from the start of treatment. The primary outcome is carbon monoxide validated prolonged abstinence from 2 weeks to 6 months after treatment initiation. Secondary outcomes include self-reported and biochemically validated prolonged and point prevalence abstinence at 3, 6 and 12 months, self-reported adverse events, withdrawal symptoms and cravings, adherence to treatment, Quitline sessions attended and others. According to the Russell Standard, all randomised participants will be accounted for in the primary intention-to-treat analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

The trial will be conducted in compliance with the protocol, the principles of Good Clinical Practice, the National Health and Medical Research Council National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (updated 2015) and the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research (2018). Approval will be sought from the Human Ethics Committees of all the participating hospitals and the university. Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant at the time of recruitment.

Trial registration number

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001792213).
Hydrocolloid dressing as a prophylactic use for hand–foot skin reaction induced by multitargeted kinase inhibitors: protocol of a phase 3 randomised self-controlled study
Authors: Zenda Sadamoto , Ryu Asako , Takashima Atsuo , Arai Michiko , Takagi Yusuke , Miyaji Tempei , Mashiko Tomoe , Shimizu Yoichi , Yamazaki Naoya , Morizane Chigusa , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Kawaguchi Takashi , Hanai Akiko , Uchitomi Yosuke , Oshiba Fukuko
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Although topical use of moisturisers is slightly effective for the prevention and avoiding the aggravation of hand–foot syndrome induced by multikinase inhibitors, there is still room for improvement. Hydrocolloid dressing is a type of wound dressing often used for wounds such as decubitus ulcers. The purpose of this study is to verify the usefulness of application of hydrocolloid dressings as prophylaxis against development of hand–foot syndrome induced by multikinase inhibitors by comparing the effects of this dressing and standard supportive care (moisturising care alone) within the same individuals.

Methods

This study is a phase 3 randomised, self-controlled study to compare prophylactic moisturising care with or without hydrocolloid dressing for hand–foot syndrome induced by multikinase inhibitors. Patients with radically unresectable advanced or recurrent colorectal carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumour and hepatocellular carcinoma who scheduled to receive regorafenib or sorafenib therapy are eligible for enrolment.

Supportive care for hand–foot syndrome will consist of basic moisturising care with or without hydrocolloid dressing. If hand–foot syndrome occurs, a steroid ointment will be applied two times per day at the affected sites. The primary endpoint is an incidence rate of grade 2 or more severe hand–foot syndrome (soles of the feet only) assessed by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events V.4.0. Grading of hand–foot syndrome will be performed by central review using photographs taken weekly by blinded trained physicians. The ethical approval was obtained from National Cancer Center Hospital. The results of this study will be submitted for publication in international peer-reviewed journals and the key findings will be presented at international scientific conference.

Discussion

If the positive results are found in this study, it is shown that hydrocolloid dressing is effective not only as a symptom management but also as a prevention in hand–foot syndrome induced by multikinase.

Trial status

The enrolment was started in January 2019, and planned to closed in January 2021. As of February 2020, 26 patients enrolled in this study.

Trial registration number

UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000034853).

Protocol version

V.1.4, 9 January 2020.
Study protocol: azithromycin therapy for chronic lung disease of prematurity (AZTEC) - a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of azithromycin for the prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity in preterm infants
Authors: Lowe John , Gillespie David , Hubbard Marie , Zhang Lei , Kirby Nigel , Pickles Timothy , Thomas-Jones Emma , Turner Mark A , Klein Nigel , Marchesi Julian R , Hood Kerenza , Berrington Janet , Kotecha Sailesh
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD), also known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), is a cause of significant respiratory morbidity in childhood and beyond. Coupled with lung immaturity, infections (especially byUreaplasmaspp) are implicated in the pathogenesis of CLD through promotion of pulmonary inflammation. Azithromycin, which is a highly effective againstUreaplasmaspp also has potent anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, azithromycin therapy may improve respiratory outcomes by targeting infective and inflammatory pathways. Previous trials using macrolides have not been sufficiently powered to definitively assess CLD rates. To address this, the azithromycin therapy for chronic lung disease of prematurity (AZTEC) trial aims to determine if a 10-day early course of intravenous azithromycin improves rates of survival without CLD when compared with placebo with an appropriately powered study.

Methods and analysis

796 infants born at less than 30 weeks’ gestational age who require at least 2 hours of continuous respiratory support within the first 72 hours following birth are being enrolled by neonatal units in the UK. They are being randomised to receive a double-blind, once daily dose of intravenous azithromycin (20 mg/kg for 3 days, followed by 10 mg/kg for a further 7 days), or placebo. CLD is being assessed at 36 weeks’ PMA. Whether colonisation withUreaplasmaspp prior to randomisation modifies the treatment effect of azithromycin compared with placebo will also be investigated. Secondary outcomes include necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular/cerebral haemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity and nosocomial infections, development of antibiotic resistance and adverse reactions will be monitored.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics permission has been granted by Wales Research Ethics Committee 2 (Ref 18/WA/0199), and regulatory permission by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (Clinical Trials Authorisation reference 21323/0050/001–0001). The study is registered on ISRCTN (ISRCTN11650227). The study is overseen by an independent Data Monitoring Committee and an independent Trial Steering Committee. We shall disseminate our findings via national and international peer-reviewed journals, and conferences. A summary of the findings will also be posted on the trial website.
Implementing the Patient Health Questionnaire Modified for Adolescents to improve screening for depression among adolescents in a Federally Qualified Health Centre
Authors: Mansour Mohamed , Krishnaprasadh Dharshana , Lichtenberger Janice , Teitelbaum Jonathan
Published: October 2020

Background

Depression, which is a serious medical illness, is prevalent worldwide and it negatively impacts the adolescent lifestyle. Adolescent depression is associated with adverse emotional and functional outcomes and suboptimal physical health. Over the last decade, it has been found that approximately 9% of teenagers meet the criteria for depression at any given time, and one in five teenagers have a history of depression during adolescence. Ninety per cent of paediatricians believe that recognition of child and adolescent depression is their responsibility; however, it has been reported that 46% lacked confidence that they could recognise depression.

Methods

In this study, adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were screened during their well-child visits using the Patient Health Questionnaire Modified for Adolescents. A score of 10 or higher warrants a referral to a social worker and psychiatrist. The goals of this quality improvement project were to implement a standardised questionnaire and to improve the screening, diagnosis and treatment of depression in children from 12 to 17 years of age.

Results

It was found that the adolescent depression screening rate significantly improved within 6 months of implementing this quality improvement project. The screening rate improved to 50% by mid-cycle (Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle 3) and up to 70% at the end of the 6-month period (PDSA cycle 5). Improvement was noted among all providers, across all age groups, and in both male and female patients by the end of the study period.

Conclusion

Standardised screening tests with a scoring system help providers to identify and monitor depression symptoms using a common language, especially in the outpatient clinical setting where the patient may be seen by different providers.
Suspected phenobarbital‐induced anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome in a cat
Authors: Chen Siyu , Peng Yujia , Xia Zhaofei , Li Gebin
Published: October 2020

A six‐month‐old, uncastrated, male American shorthair cat was diagnosed with most likely primary epilepsy by history, laboratory examination and MRI. After 10 days of treatment with phenobarbital and levetiracetam, the cat developed inappetence and generalised lymphadenopathy. Cytological examination of the mandibular lymph nodes revealed hyperplastic and reactive lymph nodes. Based on patient history, clinical signs and laboratory test results, the signs may have been caused by antiepileptic drugs instead of lymphoma. Within seven days after cessation of phenobarbital, the cat’s mentation and skin oedema improved, and the lymph nodes were back to normal size. This is the first report of anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome caused by phenobarbital in a cat in China.
Emergent hydrodynamics in microscopic modeling of early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Bravina L. V. , Zabrodin E. E.
Published: October 2020

Time evolution of hot and dense nuclear matter produced in central gold-gold collisions at energies between $$E_{lab} = 10$$

E

lab

=
10

and 160 AGeV is studied within two transport string models, UrQMD and QGSM. In contrast to the previous studies, here we investigate the macroscopic characteristics of the system before the state of chemical and thermal equilibrium is attained. For all energies in question two interesting observations are made for times starting already from $$t \ge 1$$

t
≥
1

 fm/c. (1) The matter in the cell expands almost isentropically with nearly constant entropy per baryon. (2) Pressure in the cell appears to be very close to the pressure calculated for equilibrated hadron gas with the same values of energy density, baryon density and strangeness density. The pressure linearly depends on the energy density, $$P = a(\sqrt{s}) \varepsilon $$

P
=
a
(

s

)
ε

. Therefore, both observations endorses the formal application of relativistic hydrodynamics from the very early stages of heavy-ion collisions, despite of the fact that the matter in the fireball is out of equilibrium.
A new approach to modelling elastic and inelastic photon-initiated production at the LHC: SuperChic 4
Authors: Harland-Lang L. A. , Tasevsky M. , Khoze V. A. , Ryskin M. G.
Published: October 2020

We present the results of the new Monte Carlo implementation of photon-initiated production in proton–proton collisions, considering as a first example the case of lepton pair production. This is based on the structure function calculation of the underlying process, and focusses on a complete account of the various contributing channels, including the case where a rapidity gap veto is imposed. We provide a careful treatment of the contributions where either (single dissociation), both (double dissociation) or neither (elastic) proton interacts inelastically and dissociates, and interface our results to for showering and hadronization. The particle decay distribution from dissociation system, as well the survival probability for no additional proton–proton interactions, are both fully accounted for; these are essential for comparing to data where a rapidity gap veto is applied. We present detailed results for the impact of the veto requirement on the differential cross section, compare to and find good agreement with ATLAS 7 TeV data on semi-exclusive production, and provide a new precise evaluation of the background from semi-exclusive lepton pair production to SUSY particle production in compressed mass scenarios, which is found to be low.
DC conductivities and Stokes flows in Dirac semimetals influenced by hidden sector
Authors: Rogatko Marek
Published: October 2020

In the holographic model of Dirac semimetals, the Einstein–Maxwell scalar gravity with the auxiliary U(1)-gauge field, coupled to the ordinary Maxwell one by a kinetic mixing term, the black brane response to the electric fields and temperature gradient has been elaborated. Using the foliation by hypersurfaces of constant radial coordinate we derive the exact form of the Hamiltonian and equations of motion in the phase space considered. Examination of the Hamiltonian constraints enables us, to the leading order expansion of the linearised perturbations at the black brane event horizon, to derive the Stokes equations for an incompressible doubly charged fluid. Solving the aforementioned equations, one arrives at the DC conductivities for the holographic Dirac semimetals.
AIMpy: A Python code to solve Schrödinger-like equations with the asymptotic iteration method
Authors: Karakoç Mesut
Published: October 2020

This paper presents an open-source program called AIMpy built on Python language. AIMpy is a solver for Schrödinger-like differential equations using asymptotic iteration method (AIM). To confirm that the code works seamlessly, it has been shown through the paper, with recalculation of some previously studied eigenvalue examples, that the code can very well reproduce their results.
An Optimization Model for Selecting Sample Days
Authors: Li Tao
Published: October 2020

Sample day selection method plays an important role in managerial decisions which require analyses that are prohibitively expensive to apply to a large number of days. We develop a general sample day selection model that selects sample days based on the cumulative distributions of airspace conditions and characteristics (C&C) by considering factors such as sampling targets, degree of diversity and coverage of the selected days. We introduce indicators that capture the airspace C&C of the North Atlantic region (NAT) and apply the model to select sample days for the NAT. The results show that the model outperforms the methods used by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration.
Quantum weak equivalence principle and the gravitational Casimir effect in superconductors
Authors: Bahamonde Sebastian , Faizal Mir , Quach James Q. , Norte Richard A.
Published: October 2020

We will use Fisher information to properly analyze the quantum weak equivalence principle. We argue that gravitational waves will be partially reflected by superconductors. This will occur as the violation of the weak equivalence principle in Cooper pairs is larger than the surrounding ionic lattice. Such reflections of virtual gravitational waves by superconductors can produce a gravitational Casimir effect, which may be detected using currently available technology.
Nonsingular solution with anisotropic fluid in mini bang cosmology
Authors: Ray Saibal , Yadav Anil Kumar , Rahaman F. , Debnath U.
Published: October 2020

In this work, we study cosmological evolution in the mini creation event with anisotropic fluid under the Bianchi-I spacetime. After providing the basic mathematical formalism of the model, we find out the exact solutions in its particular form to the field equations. In order to get physical validity, we have presented elaborate discussions on the graphical results, especially nonsingular behaviour of the model. It is shown that the model under mini bang can successfully exhibit several interesting cosmological features which have specific signatures to tally with the observational evidences.
Prime avoidance property
Authors: Azarang A.
Published: October 2020

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring, we say that [Formula: see text] has prime avoidance property, if [Formula: see text] for an ideal [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], then there exists [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. We exactly determine when [Formula: see text] has prime avoidance property. In particular, if [Formula: see text] has prime avoidance property, then [Formula: see text] is compact. For certain classical rings we show the converse holds (such as Bezout rings, [Formula: see text]-domains, zero-dimensional rings and [Formula: see text]). We give an example of a compact set [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a Prufer domain, which has not prime avoidance property. Finally, we show that if [Formula: see text] are valuation domains for a field [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text], then there exists [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text].
One-Class Fault Detection Using Multi-Layer Elm-Based Auto-Encoder
Authors: Wuke Li , Guangluan Yin , Xiaoxiao Chen
Published: October 2020

A new approach for one-class fault detection trained only by normal samples has been proposed in this paper. The approach contains multi-anterior-layers for feature extraction and one post-layer for one-class classification. The multi-anterior-layers are based on extreme learning machine-based auto-encoder (ELM-AE). Multi-ELM-AEs are stacked in the front hidden layers to extract abstract features from the raw input. The post-layer is based on the reconstruction error-based ELM-AE (Re-ELM-AE) to act as one-class classifier. As the extension of ELM-AE, the decision threshold and function are given in the Re-ELM-AE, which are utilized to identify whether the test sample is faulty. The efficacy of the presented algorithm is demonstrated on a mathematic example and fault dataset from motor bearing. The method has been compared with shallow learning methods such as one-class support vector machine (OCSVM), the Re-ELM-AE, and one multi-layer neural network named stacked auto-encoder (SAE). The experiment results show that the proposed method outperforms OCSVM and Re-ELM-AE in classification accuracy. Though the classification accuracy of the proposed method and SAE is similar, the training and testing time of the proposed method is much lower than SAE.
Alginate‐Based Platforms for Cancer‐Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: He Lili , Shang Zhenghui , Liu Hongmei , Yuan Zhi-xiang
Published: October 2020

As an acidic, ocean colloid polysaccharide, alginate is both a biopolymer and a polyelectrolyte that is considered to be biocompatible, nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, and biodegradable. A significant number of studies have confirmed the potential use of alginate‐based platforms as effective vehicles for drug delivery for cancer‐targeted treatment. In this review, the focus is on the formation of alginate‐based cancer‐targeted delivery systems. Specifically, some general chemical and physical properties of alginate and different types of alginate‐based delivery systems are discussed, and various kinds of alginate‐based carriers are introduced. Finally, recent innovative strategies to functionalize alginate‐based vehicles for cancer targeting are described to highlight research towards the optimization of alginate.
Ambra1 Alleviates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in H9C2 Cells by Regulating Autophagy and Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Zhao Lin , Cheng Liting , Wu Yongquan
Published: October 2020

Reperfusion therapy is the most important method for treating acute myocardial infarction. However, myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) can offset the benefit of reperfusion therapy and worsen the outcome. In both ischemia and reperfusion, autophagy remains problematic. Activating molecule in Beclin1‐regulated autophagy (Ambra1) is an important protein in autophagy regulation, and its function in MIRI remains unclear. Thus, we used H9C2 cells to investigate the function of Ambra1 in MIRI and the underlying mechanisms involved. Hypoxia and reoxygenation of H9C2 cells were used to mimic MIRI in vitro. During hypoxia, autophagy flux was blocked, then recovered in reoxygenation. Ambra1 overexpression increased autophagy in the H9C2 cells, as the LC3B II/I ratio increased, and alleviated cellular necrosis and apoptosis during hypoxia and reoxygenation. This effect was counteracted by an autophagy inhibitor. Knocking down Ambra1 can block autophagy which P62 sediment/supernatant ratio increased while the ratio of LC3B II/I decreased, and worsen outcomes. Ambra1 enhances autophagy in H9C2 cells by improving the stability and activity of the ULK1 complex. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an important cause of MIRI. ROS were reduced when Ambra1 was overexpressed and increased when Ambra1 was knocked down, indicating that Ambra1 can protect against hypoxia and reoxygenation injury in H9C2 cells by promoting autophagy and reducing ROS.
Association of Leptin Gene Polymorphisms with Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Chinese Population
Authors: Tao Sha-Sha , Dan Yi-Lin , Wu Guo-Cui , Zhang Qin , Zhang Tian-Ping , Fan Yin-Guang , Pan Hai-Feng
Published: October 2020

Background. Recently, increasing studies have revealed that leptin is involved in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study is aimed at exploring the association of leptin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to RA in a Chinese population. Methods. We recruited 600 RA patients and 600 healthy controls from a Chinese population and analyzed their three leptin SNPs (rs10244329, rs2071045, and rs2167270) using the improved Multiplex Ligase Detection Reaction (iMLDR) assays. The associations of these SNPs with clinical manifestations of RA were also analyzed. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed for plasma leptin determination. Results. No significant difference in either allele or genotype frequencies of these three SNPs between RA patients and healthy controls was observed (all P > 0.05). Association between the genotype effects of dominant, recessive models was also not found (all P > 0.05). No significant difference in plasma leptin levels was detected between RA patients and controls (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Leptin gene (rs10244329, rs2071045, and rs2167270) polymorphisms are not associated with RA genetic susceptibility and its clinical features in the Chinese population.
Adherence of Type 2 Diabetic Patients to Self-Care Activity: Tertiary Care Setting in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhaiti Ali Hassan , Senitan Mohammed , Dator Wireen Leila T. , Sankarapandian Chandrakala , Baghdadi Nadiah Abdulaziz , JONES Linda Katherine , Da Costa Cliff , Lenon George Binh
Published: October 2020

Aim. To analyse the prevalence of self-care practices in T2D patients in KSA. Methods. The study was conducted in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Saudi Arabia, and 385 patients were selected as samples. Data were collected using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities-Arabic (SDSCA) and consisted of 14 items related to self-care activities of T2D patients related to management and control of disease and four other aspects related to education and advice from healthcare members regarding management of T2D. Results. The self-care attributes including adherence to medication commitment activities (M=6.13,SD=1.25) were the most practised of all the domains. Glucose monitoring (M=4.15,SD=2.42) and foot care (M=3.28,SD=1.69) were at an average level, and adherence to the diet plan and exercise was found to be at a poor level (M=2.57,SD=1.73andM=2.13,SD=2.00) respectively. About 179 patients (74.3%) were found to be advised to follow a low-fat eating plan, and only 89 patients (36.9%) had received information concerning fruits and vegetables in their diet. More than 90% patients were found to be advised to strictly carry out exercise and blood sugar monitoring. Conclusion. It was found that adherence to self-care activities including diet, exercise, and foot care was relatively poor while intake of medication was strictly followed. The education provided by healthcare providers related to self-management attributes was found to be significant and had positive effects on the overall health and well-being of T2D patients.
Clinical Features of Optic Disc Drusen in an Ophthalmic Genetics Cohort
Authors: Serpen Jasmine Y. , Prasov Lev , Zein Wadih M. , Cukras Catherine A. , Cunningham Denise , Murphy Elizabeth C. , Turriff Amy , Brooks Brian P. , Huryn Laryssa A.
Published: October 2020

Background/Aims. Optic disc drusen (ODD) are calcified deposits of proteinaceous material in the optic disc, and their burden in ocular conditions is unknown. As ODD can be associated with visual field defects further compromising already degenerating visual function in patients with retinal degenerations, it is important to further our knowledge of ODD in inherited eye disease. The present study aims to evaluate prevalence, demographic features, and optic disc parameters of eyes with superficial ODD in inherited eye conditions. Materials and Methods. Electronic medical records of patients evaluated in the Ophthalmic Genetics clinic at the National Eye Institute (NEI) between 2008 and 2018 were searched for a superficial ODD diagnosis. Color fundus and autofluorescence images were reviewed to confirm ODD, supplemented with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in uncertain cases when available. Demographic information, examination, and genetic testing were reviewed. Disc areas and disc-to-macula distance to disc diameter ratios (DM : DD) were calculated. Results. Fifty six of 6207 patients had photographically confirmed ODD (0.9%). Drusen were predominantly bilateral (66%), with a female (62%) and Caucasian (73%) predilection. ODD prevalence in our cohort of patients with inherited retinal degenerations was 2.5%, and ODD were more prevalent in the rod-cone dystrophy subgroup at 2.95% (OR = 3.3 [2.1–5.3],

P
<
0.001

) compared to the ophthalmic genetics cohort. Usher patients were more likely to have ODD (10/132, 7.6%, OR = 9.0 [4.3–17.7],

P
<
0.001

) and had significantly smaller discs compared to the rest of our ODD cohort (disc area:

P
=
0.001

, DM : DD:

P
=
0.03

). Discussion. While an association between ODD and retinitis pigmentosa has been reported, this study surveys a large cohort of patients with inherited eye conditions and finds the prevalence of superficial ODD is lower than that in the literature. Some subpopulations, such as rod-cone dystrophy and Usher syndrome, had a higher prevalence than the cohort as a whole.
On Some Integral Inequalities in Quantum Calculus
Authors: Jleli Mohamed , Samet Bessem
Published: October 2020

The objective of this paper is to establishq-analogue of some well-known inequalities in analysis, namely, Poincaré-type inequalities, Sobolev-type inequalities, and Lyapunov-type inequalities. Our obtained results may serve as a useful source of inspiration for future works in quantum calculus.
Sedation/Analgesia Administration Practice Varies according to Endoscopy Facility (Hospital- or Office-Based) Setting: Results from a Nationwide Survey in Greece
Authors: Tziatzios Georgios , Samonakis Dimitrios N. , Tsionis Theocharis , Goulas Spyridon , Christodoulou Dimitrios , Triantafyllou Konstantinos
Published: October 2020

Objectives. To examine the impact of endoscopy setting (hospital-based vs. office-based) on sedation/analgesia administration and to provide nationwide data on monitoring practices among Greek gastroenterologists in real-world settings. Material and Methods. A web-based survey regarding sedation/analgesia rates and monitoring practices during endoscopy either in a hospital-based or in an office-based setting was disseminated to the members of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology and Professional Association of Gastroenterologists. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire, which consisted of 35 items, stratified into 4 sections: demographics, preprocedure (informed consent, initial patient evaluation), intraprocedure (monitoring practices, sedative agents’ administration rate), and postprocedure practices (recovery). Results. 211 individuals responded (response rate: 40.3%). Propofol use was significantly higher in the private hospital compared to the public hospital and the office-based setting for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (85.8% vs. 19.5% vs. 10.5%, p<0.0001) and colonoscopy (88.2% vs. 20.1% vs. 9.4%, p<0.0001). This effect was not detected for midazolam, pethidine, and fentanyl use. Endoscopists themselves administered the medications in most cases. However, a significant contribution of anesthesiology sedation/analgesia provision was detected in private hospitals (14.7% vs. 2.8% vs. 2.4%, p<0.001) compared to the other settings. Only 35.2% of the private offices have a separate recovery room, compared to 80.4% and 58.7% of the private hospital- and public hospital-based facilities, respectively, while the nursing personnel monitored patients’ recovery in most of the cases. Participants were familiar with airway management techniques (83.9% with bag valve mask and 23.2% with endotracheal intubation), while 49.7% and 21.8% had received Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) training, respectively. Conclusion. The private hospital-based setting is associated with higher propofol sedation administration both for EGD and for colonoscopy. Greek endoscopists are adequately trained in airway management techniques.
Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics by Network Analysis of Transcriptome Data Stemness Indices in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Zeng-hong , Zhang You-jing , Jia Chang-Li
Published: October 2020

Objective. Breast cancer (BC) affects women all over the world. This study aimed at screening out potential biomarkers through performing an in-depth analysis of data from the previous research and database. Design. This study made full use of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from cancer genomic maps (TCGA) and screened key genes related to stemness by merging WGCNA with BC mRNAsi. Results. The related mRNAsi data were downloaded, and the transcriptional levels of mRNAsi in cancers contrasted with normal samples. The results showed that there was a significantly higher mRNAsi expression in BC tissues (

P
=
1.791
e
−
43

). Seven modules were obtained following the investigation through cluster analysis. The turquoise module showed a relatively high positive correlation with mRNAsi at 0.79; this module was chosen as the most interesting and was used for subsequent analysis. By setting related cutoffs, 38 key genes were screened, and the coexpression of these genes was explored next. The results showed that the lowest correlation was between CDC20 and KIF11 (0.54), and the highest connection was between BUB1 and CKAP2L (0.86). Furthermore, ten hub genes with the most nodes were sorted using a histogram. Using other databases to explore the prognosis value of key genes, the results showed that lower expression of key genes was significantly connected with longer overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and relapse-free survival (RFS). The immune infiltration relationship between hub genes and six kinds of basic immune cells was investigated; it was revealed that partial ones were positively or negatively related. Conclusion. This study is the first to show the important role of stemness-related genes in the prognosis of BC. However, future clinical trials are needed to confirm these results and promote the application of these key genes in prognosis evaluation.
Big Data, Scientific Programming, and Its Role in Internet of Industrial Things: A Decision Support System
Authors: Li Ju , Nazir Jan Muhammad , Faisal Mohammad
Published: October 2020

Big data is a challenging issue as its volume, shape, and size need to be modified in order to extract important information for a specific purpose. The amount of data is rising with the passage of time. This increase in volume can be a challenging issue to analyze the data for smooth industry and the Internet of things. Several tools, techniques, and mechanisms are available to support the handling and management process of such data. Decision support systems can be one of the important techniques which can support big data in order to make decisions on time. The proposed study presents a decision support system to deal with big data and scientific programming for the Industrial Internet of Things. The study has used the tool of SuperDecisions to plot the hierarchy of situations of big data and scientific programming and to select the best alternative among the available.