bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capitalising on Uncertainty: Exploring the Failure of International Law to Address the Risk Generated by the Proliferation of Space Debris
Authors: Seffinga Vincent
Published: July 2024

The increase in the number of space activities in recent decades has led to a concomitant increase in space debris in orbit around Earth. Space debris pose a risk not just for specific satellites, but also on a systemic level, as a collision cascade can result in the near-Earth orbits becoming unusable. In turn, this would entail a loss of the services currently provided through satellites. The international community has recognised this risk. Despite this, states are reluctant to negotiate and conclude international legal rules to address the proliferation of space debris. This article explores a root cause of this discrepancy. It argues that while law is typically seen as the regulator of uncertainty, international law’s regulation of outer space – under the interests of global capital investors – is directed by principles that support processes of commodification (i.e., the freedom of use), rather than principles that manage the risks associated with the proliferation of space debris as these would constrain (or are perceived to constrain) the expansion of capital (e.g., the precautionary principle). Therefore, international law – at the level of principles – is a co-producer of uncertainty. This conclusion is reached by exploring the proliferation of space debris through Ulrich Beck’s world risk society and by incorporating capital and economic power into his work. This inclusion reveals (i) that it is the accumulation of capital that generates risks and (ii) that capital exploits the socially constructed nature of risk to legitimise its expansion. International law – as both a regulator and co-producer of uncertainty – plays an essential role in legitimising these processes.
Effectiveness of an educational intervention on knowledge and practice of young midwifery college students about IUD and Pap smear, Babol, Iran
Authors: Adib-Rad Hajar , Ghaemi-Amiri Maryam , Gholamnia-Shirvani Zeinab , Pasha Hajar , Behmanesh Fereshteh , Omidvar Shabnam
Published: July 2024

Objectives

The high status of midwifery within the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is closely tied to enhancing clinical education. The purpose of this study was to review the effect of education on the knowledge and practice of midwifery students about Intrauterine Device (IUD) and Pap smears.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study was conducted over the course of four semesters, involving 128 bachelor of midwifery students. The sampling method was non-random, utilizing convenience sampling. Four consecutive 45 min weekly sessions were held, which included three theory sessions and one practical training session. Education was conducted in face-to-face training sessions using different methods such as lectures, question and answer, slide shows, educational films and brochures, and training participants with moulage. The data were gathered using a questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, various aspects of IUD and Pap smear knowledge, along with checklists for IUD insertion and Pap smear. Paired-samples T-test and multiple regression test were used to analyze the data. A significance level of p<0.05 was set for the analysis.

Results

The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference in the average knowledge across various aspects of IUD and Pap smear before and after the intervention (p<0.001). On multiple regression analysis, residence and income significantly influenced knowledge (β=0.313, p=0.001 and β=−0.384, p=0.001, respectively). Also, multiple regression analysis indicated that the use of IUD among family or friends and age significantly impacted practice (β=−0.450, p=0.005 and β=−0.206, p=0.030, respectively).

Conclusions

The educational intervention yielded a noticeable enhancement in the knowledge and practical skills of midwifery students. These students tend to achieve higher levels of success and deliver superior services to both patients and clients.
Current potential diagnostic biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Xu Zheqi , Xu Renshi
Published: July 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) currently lacks the useful diagnostic biomarkers. The current diagnosis of ALS is mainly depended on the clinical manifestations, which contributes to the diagnostic delay and be difficult to make the accurate diagnosis at the early stage of ALS, and hinders the clinical early therapeutics. The more and more pathogenesis of ALS are found at the last 30 years, including excitotoxicity, the oxidative stress, the mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, the altered energy metabolism, the RNA misprocessing and the most recent neuroimaging findings. The findings of these pathogenesis bring the new clues for searching the diagnostic biomarkers of ALS. At present, a large number of relevant studies about the diagnostic biomarkers are underway. The ALS pathogenesis related to the diagnostic biomarkers might lessen the diagnostic reliance on the clinical manifestations. Among them, the cortical altered signatures of ALS patients derived from both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging and the emerging proteomic biomarkers of neuronal loss and glial activation in the cerebrospinal fluid as well as the potential biomarkers in blood, serum, urine, and saliva are leading a new phase of biomarkers. Here, we reviewed these current potential diagnostic biomarkers of ALS.
A study in scarlet: cultural memory of the tropes related to the color red, female countenance, and onstage makeup in the Sinophone world
Authors: Bogushevskaya Victoria
Published: July 2024

In a high-context culture like Chinese, the linguistic code encompasses only part of the message and is incomplete without context. One of the implicit codes embedded in high-context communication is color tropes. Highly recognizable in the Sinophone world, color tropes often manifest themselves in the forms of metaphor, metonymy, allusions, and similes and are often related to the conveyance of emotional content. This paper provides a selection and discussion of such color tropes, demonstrates that color in a language inspires associations and connotations that are often very subtle and determined by deep cultural memory, and, giving several Chinese examples, shows how the primary semasiology of a color term often influences its subsequent semantic extension.
On the existence of simple waves for two-dimensional non-ideal magneto-hydrodynamics
Authors: Gaurav  , Singh Lal Pratap
Published: July 2024

In this article, a method called characteristic decomposition is used to show the presence of simple waves for the two-dimensional compressible flow in a non-ideal magneto-hydrodynamics system. Here, a steady and pseudo-steady state magneto-hydrodynamics system is considered, and we provide a characteristic decomposition of the flow equations in both systems. This decomposition ensures the presence of a simple wave adjacent to a region of constant state for the system under consideration. Further, this result is extended as an application of the characteristic decomposition in a pseudo-steady state, and we prove the existence of a simple wave in a full magneto-hydrodynamics system by taking the vorticity and the entropy to be constant along the pseudo-flow characteristics. These results extend the fundamental theorem proposed by Courant and Friedrichs for a reducible system (R. Courant and K. O. Friedrichs, Supersonic Flow and Shock Waves, New York, Interscience Publishers, Inc., 1948, p. 464). A motivational work was carried out for an ideal gas by Li et al. (“Simple waves and a characteristic decomposition of the two dimensional compressible Euler equations,” Commun. Math. Phys. Math. Phys., vol. 267, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2006) and for a non-ideal gas by Zafar and Sharma (“Characteristic decomposition of compressible Euler equations for a non-ideal gas in two-dimensions,” J. Math. Phys., vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 093103–093112, 2014], [M. Zafar, “A note on characteristic decomposition for two-dimensional euler system in van der waals fluids,” Int. J. Non-Linear Mech., vol. 86, pp. 33–36, 2016].
Accompagner au mentorat pour soutenir l’insertion professionnelle des nouveaux enseignants
Authors: Granger Nancy , Racicot Céline , Stabile Claire
Published: July 2024

Depuis 2020, une mesure de mentorat pour soutenir l’insertion professionnelle du nouveau personnel enseignant est en place. Une équipe de conseillères pédagogiques de la région de Québec a souhaité être accompagnée pour développer un programme de mentorat adapté à son contexte. Cet article documente le dispositif d’accompagnement développé, les rôles joués par les divers acteurs scolaires et la satisfaction des personnes mentores et mentorées ainsi que des directions d’établissement quant au programme de mentorat expérimenté. La démarche de recherche-action a permis de préciser les rôles de chacun dans une perspective systémique et de construire du sens en vue d’optimiser l’efficience du soutien offert.
“Much More than a Song”
Authors: Romano Renee C.
Published: July 2024

This article explores the ultimately unsuccessful 1935 campaign by Kentuckian Mary Darby Fitzhugh to erect a national memorial to honor the song “Dixie” and its Ohio-born composer, Daniel Decatur Emmett. Locating Fitzhugh’s campaign in the larger effort by Confederate heritage groups to promote a southern perspective on the Civil War, it examines why and how proponents of the Lost Cause came to embrace both the song “Dixie” and blackface performer Dan Emmett as symbols of sectional reconciliation. The story of the “Dixie” memorial also highlights the work of Confederate heritage groups outside the South and the ways in which their efforts shaped the commemorative culture in Emmett’s hometown of Mount Vernon, Ohio.
Intersectional Feminist Biography as Method
Authors: Wu Judy Tzu-Chun
Published: July 2024

The genre of biography, typically associate with elite individuals, may seem like an unlikely approach for writing feminist history. And yet, in writing about exceptional women, many of them women of color, I have found that their lives reveal how structures of power functioned and how the marginalized responded. This essay is part of a PHR forum on the theme of “Personal Reflections on Feminist Historical Methods,” with additional essays by Y. Yvon Wang, Natalie Marine-Street, and Natalia Mehlman Petrzela. The forum is part of a larger PHR special issue, Feminist Histories.
Neukrotivi zelenoplavi neuki letači Milana Bošnjaka ili uriječivanje neuriječenog
Authors: Babić Galić Vanda
Published: July 2024

Bošnjak, Milan: Neuki letači, Gospić, Matica hrvatska, 2013. iBošnjak, Milan: Zelenoplavo, Gospić, Matica hrvatska, 2013.
Drva
Authors: Pavelić Runje Maja
Published: July 2024

Kazivač: Ante Pavelić, (1909. – 1995.). U ranoj je mladosti postao sljedbenik Radićeva političkog nauka, 1935. god. postao je trnovački seoski starješina, a 1937. god. predsjednik Hrvatske gospodarske seljačke zadruge u Trnovcu.
Govorni zapis, kazetofonska vrpca, 1987., snimila Maja Pavelić Runje (sinovka) koja je govor i transkribirala.
Empowering communities through data literacy: a qualitative study exploring Indigenous Australian perceptions, engagement and understanding of data
Authors: Cook Becki , Corporal Stephen , Aleckson Jarryd , Blackman Renee , Kefford Glenn , Lovell David , Mengersen Kerrie
Published: July 2024

Data literacy is an essential competency needed to use data to inform decisions and participate in contemporary society. Importantly, in the context of Indigenous health it enables engagement with health services and facilitates health management, Indigenous data sovereignty and Indigenous data governance. However, while Indigenous data sovereignty and Indigenous data governance are gaining momentum globally, there are no mechanisms for understanding or enhancing data literacy within Indigenous communities.  To explore this, a research project was co-designed between the QUT Centre for Data Science and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane (ATSICHS), a community-controlled health service in Queensland Australia, to provide insights into the current state of data literacy, community perceptions of data, and identify community suggestions for enhancing data literacy. Furthermore, by utilizing an Indigenist research design, the project ensured Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ ways of knowing, being, and doing were privileged and prominent throughout research design, data collection and analysis. The qualitative study included 20 semi-structured interviews with Brisbane Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples who had accessed or engaged with ATSICHS. This paper presents insights into Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ perspectives on data and data literacy, which may benefit community-controlled organizations and other Indigenous communities within Australia and around the world.
Review Essay: Get Smart?!
Authors: Shade Leslie Regan
Published: July 2024

This review essay considers three books that provide a detailed overview of smart cities and the politics and eventual demise of the proposed Sidewalk Toronto project (2017-2020), an initiative of Waterfront Toronto and Sidewalk Labs, Alphabet’s urban technology company.
Seroprevalence of transfusion -transmitted infections among blood donors in a tertiary care hospital in and around Koodapakkam, Puducherry, India
Authors: Paudel Purshotam , Sinha Pammy , Shri Jayakumar Pooja , DC Sabina
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Even though blood transfusion safety has come a long way, Transfusion-Transmitted Infections (TTI), which include bacterial, viral, parasitic, and prions, can still spread with each transfusion. The main goal of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of the five TTIs that are required to be tested in India among blood donors at our facility. Accurate estimates of the risk of TTIs are essential for monitoring the safety of the blood supply. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the blood centre of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry, from 2017 to 2023. Records from blood banks were reviewed to collect data on all donors who underwent appropriate testing for HIV, hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, syphilis, and malaria. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was done for HIV, HCV, HBsAg/hepatitis B surface antigen, and rapid card testing was done for syphilis and malaria. Results: There was a total of 2570 donors during the study period. In the present study, the overall seroprevalence of TTIs was 1.40%. The individual seropositivity rates were 0.03% for HIV, 0.93 % for HBsAg, and 0.43 % for syphilis. There were no cases of malaria and HCV detected in the study period. The highest percentage of prevalence was observed for HBV, followed by Syphilis and HIV. Conclusion: The overall seroprevalence of TTI in Puducherry was smaller than those reported elsewhere in the country. It was comparatively lesser than the national average for HIV, HCV, and HBV and much higher for syphilis.
Synthesis of prenylated homoisoflavonoids with a coumarin moiety
Authors: Myshko Nataliia V. , Mrug Galyna P.
Published: July 2024

A series of prenylated homoisoflavonoid-coumarin hybrids were synthesised by developed cascade reactions of coumarin Mannich bases with 3-(dimethylamino)-1-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Obtained homoisoflavonoids might have a large potential for further investigations of their bioactivities
Reinterpretation of geological data as to the tectonics of separate covers and subcovers of the Outer Carpathians (in the context of prospects for oil and gas presence)
Authors: Shlapinsky Volodymyr , Pavlyuk Myroslav , Savchak Olesya , Ternavsky Myroslav
Published: July 2024

In spite of a number of preliminary investigations, the Ukrainian portion of the Outer Carpathians continues to be the object for scientific discussions of the modern geologists. Studied area is located in the Rakhiv district of the Transcarpathian Region in the upper stream of the right tributaries of the Tysa River: Mala Shopurka, Middle River and Kosiv. The following covers and subcovers of the Outer Carpathians participate in the geological feature (from souht-west to north-east): Burkut, Duklya, Duklya-Chornohora (Hoverla-Krasnoshora subcover) and Krosno (Bitlya-Svydovets subcover). This area was the study subject for geologists from different organizations. Its geological feature is restorated at modern maps of the Ukrainian Carpathians published relatively not long ago. One of them is geological map at a scale of 1 : 200,000 published at the Polish Geological Institute, Warsaw, in 2 stages in 2004 and 2007. The second group of maps at a scale of 1 : 200,000 of the Carpathian series was published under the aegis of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Ukraine. It was fulfilled by the workers of NAC “Nadra Ukrainy” of the SE “Zakhidukrgeologia” of the Lviv and Transcarpathian Geological Research Expedition. The object of our studying is located on the Nadvirna sheet of map, prepared for publication by the group of geologists under the leadership of B. V. Matskiv (2009). Both published maps contain insufficient information on the geological feature of the given plot of the Carpathians. Thus, the necessity has arisen to present the variant of geological map at a scale of 1 : 50,000 of our development. Such geological map was compiled mainly with usage of materials of geological surveying at a scale of 1 : 50,000 executed in 1981–1985 under the leadership of V. O. Vashchenko. Materials of over 1,000 exposures were analyzed. This has enabled us to reconstruct the geological feature of this region more precisely. Covering tectonics of the given area that was represented at the maps of precursors too, was verified and supplemented with the existence of a number of arterial fractures of strike-slip type, the existence of olistostrom horizons in the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Hoverla-Krasnoshora subcover and Lower Cretaceous Burkut subcover.
Distribution and material composition of the Devonian organic-rich rocks of the Volyn-Podillia plate
Authors: Radkovets Natalia , Koltun Yuriy , Loktiev Andrii
Published: July 2024

The Volyn-Podillia plate is one of the main oil and gas-bearing regions of Ukraine. Despite numerous geological and geophysical studies of these territories, they still remain underexplored, and their oil and gas potential is underestimated. To date, two gas fields, Lokachynske and Velykomostivske, have been discovered within the boundaries of the Volyn-Podillia plate in the Middle Devonian sequence. Despite the established commercial gas bearing, the Devonian strata within the Volyn-Podillia plate are currently not sufficiently studied from the point of view of the occurrence of the organic-rich rocks in the section, which could generate hydrocarbons. A significant amount of collected core material and geological-geophysical data from numerous wells within the research area made it possible to study the features of distribution and conduct a mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical study of Lower, Middle and Upper Devonian organic-rich rocks. In the sediments of the Lochkovian stage of the Lower, Eifelian and Givetian stages of the Middle and Frasnian stage of the Upper Devonian, the organic-rich rocks have been established. They are represented by terrigenous, clayey and carbonate strata. In the section of the Lower Devonian, they are represented by clay-carbonate and carbonate rocks within the Lochkovian stage. The organic carbon content in these rocks reaches 0.45 %. In the Middle Devonian, organic-rich rocks occur in sections of both the Eifelian and Givetian stages, being represented by terrigenous, clayey, and carbonate rocks. The organic carbon content in the rocks of the Eifelian stage reaches 0.65 %, and in the rocks of the Givetian stage – 2.34 %. In the sections of the Frasnian stage of the Upper Devonian, organic-rich rocks are represented by terrigenous, clayey and carbonate layers with organic carbon content of up to 1.43 %. Given the occurrence of organic-rich rocks in the sections of the Lower (Lochkovian stage), Middle (Eifelian, Givetian stages) and Upper Devonian (Frasnian stage), these deposits can be considered as potentially oil and gas generating, which could have been a component of the Paleozoic petroleum system of the Volyn-Podillia plate.
Assessment of Russian Learners’ Institutional Confidence for the Vocational Education System
Authors: Tanina Maria A. , Bondarenko Vladimir V. , Polutin Sergey V. , Yudina Vera A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. An important factor influencing the development and stability of the vocational education system in Russia is the trust of students in educational institutions and policies in the field of vocational education in the country and regions. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of institutional trust exhibited by Russian students to the vocational education system and educational policy implemented at various levels; to develop measures to strengthen it.
Materials and Methods. To study the problem, a questionnaire survey was conducted, in which 1,150 students enrolled in higher education programs and 1,150 students enrolled in secondary vocational education programs (2,300 people in total) took part. Educational institutions were located in 48 subjects of the Russian Federation of all federal districts. Generalization of the results and formation of conclusions was carried out by induction method.
Results. The average level of institutional trust of students in the Russian vocational education system was revealed; the lowest level of trust is observed in the policy in the field of vocational education at the federal and regional levels. The correlation and regression analysis revealed that the index of trust exhibited by student youth of the Russian Federation to the modern policy in the field of higher and secondary vocational education directly correlates with the level of quality of life of the population and the degree of satisfaction with the qualitative parameters of the educational process.
Discussion and Conclusion. The theoretical and methodological provisions developed as a result of the conducted research develop existing approaches and tools for studying the institutional trust of students in the vocational education system. A set of measures has been developed that will increase the academic and social involvement of students in the educational community, the level of satisfaction with the educational process and the justification of educational expectations.
Inseguro y perplejo: el Conde Duque de Olivares frente a la «opinión del mundo»
Authors: Rivero-Rodríguez Manuel
Published: July 2024

El conde duque de Olivares fue consciente de que el valimiento era una figura impopular en la opinión española. Gracias a un grupo de escritores a su servicio logró dignificar esta figura entrando en controversia con sus detractores. Entre estos autores destacó Francesco Lanario, un historiador napolitano que le sirvió eficazmente hasta que el valido prescindió de sus servicios por no entender lo que debía contener un tratado sobre La Paciencia que le había encargado. En la decisión de suprimir al patrocinio de determinados escritores el Conde Duque estuvo muy atento a la «opinión del mundo», a la opinión pública, a ser objeto de burla.
«El viaje del Parnaso», de Cervantes: autodiégesis y autosátira
Authors: Blancas-Blancas Noe
Published: July 2024

Este artículo aborda los problemas que surgen al momento de profundizar la filiación de Viaje del Parnaso a la autosátira; problemas como la intención autobiográfica: ¿a quién critica la voz lírica, de quién se burla, si es que lo hace?; o el de la autocrítica y la calidad de la poesía cervantina, esto es, la cuestión sobre si reconoce Cervantes su mediocridad como poeta. Se propone un acercamiento a la voz lírica y sus desdoblamientos, a partir de nociones narratológicas, para una lectura del poema cervantino como un «encomio […] bajo una sorna en contrario», en palabras de Márquez Villanueva.
Formas de protesta en una comedia del Siglo de Oro: «El prodigioso Príncipe transilvano»
Authors: Cappelli Federica
Published: July 2024

El artículo examina el conflicto entre poder y rebeldía en una comedia de finales del siglo XVI, de autoría incierta, que se ambienta en las fases finales del largo conflicto hispano-turco (1526-1606). El objetivo es demostrar la presencia en la pieza de una dicotomía entre rebelión ‘justa’, contra los turcos, e ‘injusta’, por parte de los nobles transilvanos protestantes, contra el príncipe Segismundo Báthory, presentado como baluarte del cristianismo. Para ello se comentarán todos los lugares del texto relacionados con la representación de formas de desobediencia, protesta o rebelión, cotejando, cuando es posible, los varios fragmentos en prosa o en verso con las fuentes documentales del tiempo que relatan tales noticias. Esto permitirá también demostrar la manera en que el autor de la comedia ha explotado tales fuentes, manipulándolas y amplificándolas a favor de su visión procatólica y filoimperial; una visión cuyo propósito final es la constitución de la imagen de un príncipe cristiano absoluto.
Fernández Mosquera, Santiago, Géneros y construcción literaria en el Siglo de Oro, Madrid / Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana / Vervuert, 2023, 291 pp. (ISBN: 978-84-9192-408-1 / 978-3-96869-537-2)
Authors: Gómez-Caballero Iván
Published: July 2024

Book Review
Sátiras contra un gobierno eclesiástico novohispano (1663)
Authors: Luna-Quintana Citlalli
Published: July 2024

Este artículo examina una mascarada satírica que critica el gobierno del cabildo eclesiástico de Guadalajara hacia 1663. Asimismo, indaga en las circunstancias histórico-políticas en la administración eclesiástica en el reino de Nueva Galicia que dieron pie a la creación de estos versos.
Polacy na Syberii – dawniej i dziś
Authors: Czerwieniec-Ivasyk Marta ,   Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Siedlcach
Published: July 2024

Siberia is a territory that is mainly associated with exiles. Meanwhile, it was also a place of voluntary settlement of Poles. After the Treaty of Riga, some of them returned to the reviving homeland, Siberia became the house for others. The life of Poles in Soviet Russia was not easy. Polishness was slowly taken away from people. In the post war years, admitting to Polishness resulted in repression of undertaking higher studies or holding managerial positions. After the fall of the USSR, numerous Polish diaspora organizations were reborn there. Largely descendants of Polish settlers between 19 th and 20 th century are still cultivating traditions and attachment to Polish culture.
Семантика тела в романе Артема Веселого «Гуляй Волга»
Authors: Мусий Валентина Борисовна ,   Одеський нацioнальний унiверситет, Україна
Published: July 2024

The object of the paper is Artem Vesely’s novel “Walk Volga” (1932) about the beginning of the colonization of Siberia by the Cossacks led by Yermak. The subject of the article is the place and role of descriptions of the body in the artistic world of the novel and in expressing the writer’s understanding of the historical nature of the Cossack campaign. Attention was paid to the form and external features of the body; to the body as a receptacle of energy, or, on the contrary, to that which is devoid of vitality; to the perception of someone else’s body; to the body as an object of external influences (natural conditions, labor, war) that deform the body. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the images of the body and everything connected with it helped Artem Vesely express the idea of the ambiguous, antithetical character of Yermak’s campaign in Siberia.
Optimization of polyethylene rotomolded tank design for storage of liquid mineral fertilizers by the Taguchi method
Authors: Tyukanko Vitaliy , Demyanenko Alexandr , Semenyuk Vladislav , Dyuryagina Antonina , Alyoshin Dmitriy , Brilkov Stanislav , Litvinov Sergey , Byzova Yulia
Published: July 2024

In this research, by using the finite element method, the effect of five parameters (density of a liquid mineral fertilizer (ρ), its temperature (T), tank wall thickness (L), spacing of stiffeners (K) and stiffeners height (h)) on the strength of standard polyethylene rotomolded tanks used for storage of liquid mineral fertilizers (LMF) was studied. Using the Taguchi method, it was found that these parameters are ranked according to the degree of their influence (in decreasing order) on: maximum stresses (r>L>h>T>K), maximum stresses in the tank walls (r>L>K>T>h) and deformations of the tank (for DX/DY: r>L>h>T>K and for DZ: r>L>h>K>T). Validation of the FEM strength calculations was carried out, which showed satisfactory convergence of the calculated and experimental values. Generalized equations are derived that describe the effect of all five studied parameters on P, PW and tank deformations (along the X, Y and Z axes). On the basis of the derived equations, a nomogram has been constructed, which makes it possible to choose the optimal wall thickness that will correspond to the LMF density and storage temperature. Applying the optimal wall thickness ensures a guaranteed service life of at least 50 years, minimizing the risk of environmental accidents caused by tank failure and the release of LMF and associated toxic substances into groundwater. This research offers valuable insights for designing safer and more durable storage tanks for liquid mineral fertilizers. As an optimal design of the tank for storing the most common fertilizer UAN-32 (Urea Ammonium Nitrate, 32 % nitrogen), with a density of 1.32 g/cm3 and at storage temperatures up to 40 °C, the following values of structural parameters are recommended: L=10 mm, K=38 mm, and h=4 mm
Determining the influence of wheelset arrangement in the model 18-100 bogies on the level of steering efforts in the wheel-rail flange contacts
Authors: Zub Evgen , Tkachenko Viktor , Sapronova Svitlana , Syvakivskiy Serhii
Published: July 2024

The object of this study is the process of directing the bogies of model 18-100 freight cars along a rail track, in particular, along curved sections of the track. The task to be solved was to determine the influence of wheelset arrangement on the level of steering forces in the flange contacts.
A calculation diagram and a mathematical model of fitting the bogie into the curved section of the track have been built. The bogie loading scheme by external forces, including lateral rocking forces acting on the car in a curve, has been refined. In this case, the method of pseudo-statics of the mechanical system, which is a system of nonlinear algebraic equations, was applied. The calculation module Given-Find in the Mathcad software package (USA) was used to solve the mathematical model.
It was established that the misalignment of wheelsets in the frames of model 18-100 bogies was of an accumulative nature. At the maximum operating angles of misalignment of wheelsets, the lateral steering forces in the flange contacts increase by 40–60 % compared to the rated setting. These angles can be up to 0.015 rad (0.85 degrees).
The field of practical application of the results is railroad transportation, in particular, the system of maintenance and repair of freight cars on bogies of the 18-100 model. At the same time, the condition for the practical application of the research results is the expediency of introducing into the maintenance system the technological operation of controlling the deviation of wheelset arrangement in the bogie relative to the rated one.
The current study will contribute to the construction of a measuring system for monitoring the deviation of wheelset arrangement in the bogie relative to the rated one. This proves the expediency of introducing into the trolley maintenance system the technological operation of controlling the deviation of wheelsets and designing a device for monitoring this parameter
Heat flow density measurement during non-destructive testing
Authors: Karabekova Dana , Kissabekova Perizat , Khassenov Ayanbergen , Kucheruk Volodymyr , Kudussov Arystan
Published: July 2024

The object of the study is the development of a device capable of accurately and reliably measuring heat flux density in various environments. The development of a heat flux density meter designed for non-destructive analysis of thermal processes in various fields of application is presented.
The developed device is intended for evaluating the thermal insulation condition of underground pipelines. The functionality of the heat flow device relies on comparing standard temperature values with experimental ones measured on the soil surface. To ensure accurate and reliable measurement of heat flux density, the basis is a thermoelectric battery converter, which uses the auxiliary wall method. The heat flow density measuring device is constructed in the shape of a restricted cylinder, with one base serving as the working surface, while the second base establishes thermal contact with the body at ambient temperature. Embedded heaters enable the generation of heat flow through the thermoelectric sensor in directions perpendicular to its base. For calibrating the heat flux device, experiments were conducted using a standard copper-constantan calibration table. Temperature increments were determined from thermo electromotive force, and tests were performed on an existing heating network. The conducted measurements validate the fundamental feasibility of employing the proposed device for implementing the non-destructive thermal testing method on underground heating mains.
The results of the experiment can be used not only for research, but also for monitoring and regulating processes in various fields of science and technology. The developed heat flux meter promises a significant contribution to the development of modern methods for analyzing thermal processes.
The dimensions of the thermoelectric battery converter are also determined and the coefficient (kq) should be in the range from 4.0 to 12.0 W/(m2⋅mV), and the electrical resistance should be in the range of 12–20 kOhm
Determining patterns of leaching titanium(IV) from the Irshansky deposit ilmenite
Authors: Pysarenko Snizhana , Kaminskyi Oleksandr , Denysiuk Roman , Yevdochenko Olena , Chyhyrynets Olena , Anichkina Olena , Avdieieva Olga , Lysetska Yuliia
Published: July 2024

The research object is the ilmenite concentrate from the Irshansky deposit. This study describes an elemental composition of the mineral raw material and confirms its structure using the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental studies have shown that the ilmenite concentrate from the Irshansky deposit has a significant titanium content in terms of titanium dioxide (79 %). Mineral raw materials with such a chemical composition are unique, so there is a need to find alternative methods for its processing. The research demonstrates that the maximum degree of extraction in the process of alkaline leaching of the ilmenite concentrate is achieved under the condition that the average diameter of particles of the mineral raw material should be ≤71 μm. As a result of temperature studies, it has been found that a temperature of 453 K would suffice to obtain potassium titanate at atmospheric pressure. Further temperature increase does not provide for a significant increase in the degree of titanium extraction, and also contributes to the formation of polytitanates of various compositions. The study of the influence of the molar ratio of the starting reagents on the degree of extraction of titanium(IV) from the ilmenite concentrate has showed that the optimal molar ratio between the components corresponds to the stoichiometric one and is 1:2. Increasing the amount of potassium hydroxide in the reaction mixture is impractical as it reduces the yield of potassium titanate, and the final product will have high alkalinity due to excess alkali. The optimal time for alkaline leaching is three hours of continuous heating in a glycerin bath. A further increase in the duration of heating does not lead to an increase in the degree of extraction, which is associated with the diffusion of alkali from the surface of the nucleus into the volume of ilmenite particles due to the formed products of interaction and annihilation of the initial nuclei
Assessing the stability of protective structures in preparatory mining workings under conditions of static load
Authors: Chepiga Daria , Podkopaiev Serhii , Kayun Oleksiy , Bielikov Anatolii , Podkopayev Yevgen , Kipko Oleksandr , Pidhurna Olha
Published: July 2024

The object of this study is the deformation processes in protective structures under the action of static load in the coal massif in order to preserve the integrity of the side rocks and the operational condition of mine workings. Under laboratory conditions, the deformation characteristics of rigid and flexible protective structures, as well as supports made of crushed rock, were studied on experimental samples. The samples were subjected to uniaxial compression. It was established that there is a functional relationship between the coefficient of transverse deformation ν and the relative change in the volume δV of protection structures, which makes it possible to  estimate their bearing capacity. For rigid protection structures (coal pillars, cast strip, cement blocks, blocks of reinforced concrete bollards, bundles of wooden racks), the deformed state of the structures determines their behavior. This happens at values of ν=0.3–0.5 and δV£0.09. Their stability is fixed within the safe deformation resource. An increase in the deformation energy density of such structures beyond the safe deformation resource leads to their destruction due to a change in shape. For flexible protection structures (bundles of wooden racks, rolling bundles made of wooden sleepers), which have a transverse deformation coefficient ν=0.02, at a relative change in volume δV£0.3, the compaction of structures is observed. Increasing their stiffness allows limiting the convergence of side rocks.
For a support made of crushed rock, at ν=0.25–0.32 and a relative volume change of 0.12£δV£0.32, its compaction and increase in resistance occur. Under such conditions, the convergence of side rocks is limited. In order to preserve the integrity of the lateral and operational condition of preparatory workings in the excavation areas of coal mines, it is advisable to use flexible protective structures made of wood or supports made of crushed rock
Increasing the efficiency of stimulation of compacted carbonate reservoirs with acid solutions based on methyl acetate
Authors: Zezekalo Ivan , Zimin Oleh , Laziebna Yuliya
Published: July 2024

The development of oil and gas deposits in compacted rocks is a promising area of development in the oil and gas industry. The object of research in this paper is the filtration properties of compacted rocks. To develop such deposits, special extraction technologies are required. Compacted carbonate rocks are easily dissolved by most acids, but for effective use, it is necessary that working solutions have very low viscosity and surface tension coefficient. Special filtration equipment has been developed for the research, which allows pumping various liquids and gases through rock samples and measuring permeability at pressures up to 1,000 bar.
To determine the effectiveness of the acid solution, three groups of samples were studied: silty sandstone with clay-carbonate cement with a permeability of 0.2–0.95 mD, compacted organogenic-detrital light gray limestone with a permeability of 0.001–0.004 mD, and organogenic-detrital gray limestone with a permeability of 0.04–0.06 mD. In the course of the study, the stimulation fluid was pumped through the samples at a pressure of 200–300 bar and a temperature of 120 °C. The efficiency was determined by the change in nitrogen permeability of the samples before and after the experiments. In general, the studied stimulation fluid allowed increasing the permeability of rocks up to 3–7 times, depending on the rock and research conditions. The solution retains its reactivity for a long time and, due to its low viscosity and surface tension, penetrates deeply into the rock and significantly increases the well treatment radius compared to conventional acid treatments. The use of the developed acid solution for well stimulation will increase the efficiency of hydrocarbon production from compacted reservoirs without the use of hydraulic fracturing
Designing tribotechnical epoxy composite materials reinforced with chopped fibers and modified with silicon organic varnish
Authors: Kashytskyi Vitalii , Sadova Oksana , Tkachuk Valentyna , Shehynskyi Oleg , Parfentyeva Inna
Published: July 2024

The object of research is modified epoxy composite materials containing fibrous fillers treated in physical fields. The technological features of the development of tribotechnical epoxy composites, which must withstand the effects of elevated temperatures, have been considered. In this case, it is necessary to modify the structure of the epoxy polymer matrix, which is achieved as a result of the introduction of heat-resistant organosilicon varnish. Organosilicon varnishes and chopped fibers contain technological additives, which complicates the process of structuring epoxy composites and leads to the appearance of structural defects. Removal of technological additives and cleaning the surface of the aramid and glass fibers from lubricants is possible as a result of processing the components of the composition in physical fields. There is a need to study the influence of physical fields on the structuring processes of the epoxy system and the formation of the structure of epoxy composites with specified properties. Modified epoxy composites contain chopped aramid and glass fibers treated with ultrasound. The tribotechnical characteristics of epoxy composites were studied at a sliding speed of V=1.0 m/s with a change in specific load from 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa. The temperature in the tribocontact zone during frictional interaction rises to 100 °C with an increase in the specific load. An increase in the density of the surface layer of tribocontact of epoxy composites with fillers treated in physical fields was revealed. The practical recommendations have been compiled for the implementation of the treatment technology of components in physical fields, which ensures structuring of epoxy composites with high tribotechnical characteristics
Construction of a fuzzy model for managing the process of forming IT-competences
Authors: Iklassova Kainizhamal , Aitymova Aliya , Kopnova Oxana , Sarzhanova Ainagul , Abildinova Gulmira , Kushumbayev Agibay , Aitymov Zhanat
Published: July 2024

The relevance of this study is predetermined by the lack of models and algorithms for managing the formation of IT competencies in children of senior preschool age in the information and educational environment of a preschool organization. The object of the study is the process of managing the formation of IT competencies in children of senior preschool age. The problem under study is the need to build an effective system for assessing and managing the level of IT competencies, taking into account the uncertainty and subjectivity of assessments, as well as ensuring flexibility and adaptability of the process of developing competencies.
The constructed model based on fuzzy logic takes into account the uncertainty of assessments and decomposes competencies into indicators of achievement (low, medium, high levels). The production model of knowledge representation based on fuzzy inference rules enables control adaptability. As a result, recommendations were compiled for assessing and developing competencies taking into account the individual characteristics of children and the educational environment.
The approaches and tools proposed in this study help improve the quality of preschool education by providing teachers with effective tools for managing the educational process in the context of digitalization. The essence of the results is to build a model that makes it possible to integrate uncertain and subjective data into the process of assessing IT competencies, providing more accurate and objective assessments.
The results could be used in the information and educational environments of preschool organizations, as well as in education systems that introduce modern technologies for assessing and managing competencies
Design of a decision support system to form optimal technological processes for parts machining based on artificial intelligence methods
Authors: Lymarenko Viacheslav , Mozhaiev Oleksandr , Khavina Inna , Tiulieniev Serhii , Mozhaiev Mykhailo , Onishchenko Yurii , Gnusov Yurii , Tsuranov Mikhail , Homon Volodymyr
Published: July 2024

The object of this study is the process of designing a decision support system for automating the formation of technological processes (TPs) for machining parts of high-precision equipment for the aviation industry.
The task of improving the efficiency of the optimization of the process of mechanical processing of parts through the use of a decision support system (DSS) and artificial intelligence methods, which, unlike known analytical approaches, allow describing processes and phenomena that do not have strict formalization, has been solved. DSS consists of three subsystems. The first is an information subsystem for the automated formation of the structure in the technological process of machining parts of high-precision equipment. The second is an information subsystem for optimizing parameters of TP operations by cutting, taking into account the accumulation of tool wear. The third is a subsystem of control and adjustment of operating parameters.
In the process of conducting research, an approach was devised for designing optimal technological processes to machine parts of high-precision equipment. The task of designing the structure of technological processes was solved using production rules. The task of determining the optimal parameters of turning and milling operations was solved in a multi-criteria statement. The following objective functions were used: cost of the operation, specific energy consumption for the operation, and productivity of the operation. At the same time, the wear of the tool accumulated over time was taken into account. The solution was obtained by searching for the Pareto-optimal solution using genetic algorithms and artificial neural networks.
As a result of the work of DSS, an optimal technological process for machining parts of high-precision equipment for the aviation industry was formed, which made it possible to reduce the production time of one part by 5 % and reduce the total cost of production of the part by 14 %