bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-organized vanadium and nitrogen co-doped titania nanotube arrays with enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into CH4
Authors: Lu Dandan , Zhang Min , Zhang Zhihua , Li Qiuye , Wang Xiaodong , Yang Jianjun
Published: May 2014

Self-organized V-N co-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) with various doping amount were synthesized by anodizing in association with hydrothermal treatment. Impacts of V-N co-doping on the morphologies, phase structures, and photoelectrochemical properties of the TNAs films were thoroughly investigated. The co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts show remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity for the CO2 photoreduction to methane under ultraviolet illumination. The mechanism of the enhanced photocatalytic activity is discussed in detail.
Synthesis and crystal structures of 2-methyl-4-aryl-5-oxo-5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridine carboxylate derivatives
Authors: Pandian Ramesh , Naushad Edayadulla , Vijayakumar Vinodhkumar , Peters Günther H , Mondikalipudur Nanjappagounder Ponnuswamy
Published: May 2014

Background

Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines (Hantzsch1,4-DHP) have been extensively utilized as the analogs of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) coenzyme to study the mechanism and various redox processes. During the redox processes 1,4-DHP systems undergo transformation into the corresponding pyridine derivatives through oxidation. Consequently, the interest in this aromatization reaction, investigation of a wide range of 1, 4-DHPs continues to attract the attention of researchers. Herein, we report the preparation of pyridine derivatives and the crystal structures determined by X-ray crystallographic methods.

Results

The crystal structures and conformational studies of two organic compounds, namely ethyl 2-methyl-4-phenyl-5-oxo-5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridine-3-carboxylate (I) and ethyl 2-methyl-4-(4 chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridine-3-carboxylate (II) are reported. The terminal ethyl group of the compound I is disordered over two positions with the refined occupancies of 0.645 & 0.355 and C8 one dimensional zig-zag chain running along 101 direction through C-H…O type of intermolecular interactions. In the compound II, C-H…O interactions connect the molecules to form an R2
2 (16) dimer running along 011 direction.

Conclusion

The crystal structures ethyl 2-methyl-4-phenyl-5-oxo-5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridine-3-carboxylate and ethyl 2-methyl-4-(4 chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-5H-indeno [1,2-b] pyridine-3-carboxylate have been investigated in detail. The terminal ethyl group of compound I is disordered. In compound II, the substitution of Cl atom in the phenyl ring alters the configuration of carboxylate group with respect to the pyridine indane ring.
PERK: a novel therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases?
Authors: Ma Tao , Klann Eric
Published: May 2014

Identification of therapeutic targets based on novel mechanistic studies is urgently needed for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and prion disease. Multiple lines of evidence have emerged to suggest that inhibition of the stress-induced endoplasmic reticulum kinase PERK (protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase) is a potential therapeutic strategy for these diseases. A recently published study demonstrated that oral treatment with a newly characterized PERK inhibitor was able to rescue disease phenotypes displayed in prion disease model mice. Here, we discuss the background and rationale for targeting PERK as a viable therapeutic approach as well as implications of these findings for other neurodegenerative diseases. The promise and caveats of applying this strategy for disease therapy also are discussed.
B cell subsets and dysfunction of regulatory B cells in IgG4-related diseases and primary Sjögren’s syndrome: the similarities and differences
Authors: Lin Wei , Jin Lixia , Chen Hua , Wu Qingjun , Fei Yunyun , Zheng Wenjie , Wang Qian , Li Ping , Li Yongzhe , Zhang Wen , Zhao Yan , Zeng Xiaofeng , Zhang Fengchun
Published: May 2014

Introduction

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystem-involved autoimmune disease. Abnormally activated and differentiated B cells may play important roles. Regulatory B cells (Breg) are newly defined B cell subgroups with immunosuppressive functions. In this study, we investigated the differences of B cell subsets, the expressions of co-stimulatory molecules on B cells, and the function of Breg cells in patients with IgG4-RD, primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) as well as in healthy controls (HC).

Methods

Newly diagnosed IgG4-RD patients (n = 48) were enrolled, 38 untreated pSS patients and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as disease and healthy controls. To analyze B cell subsets and B cell activity, PBMCs were surface stained and detected by flow cytometry. The function of Breg cells was tested by coculturing isolated CD19 + CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells with purified CD4 + CD25- T cells. Serum cytokines were measured by ELISA and cytometric bead array. Relationship between clinical data and laboratory findings were analyzed as well.

Results

Compared with pSS patients and HC, IgG4-RD patients had a lower frequency of peripheral Breg cells. Interestingly, CD19 + CD24-CD38hi B cell subsets were significantly higher in peripheral B cells from IgG4-RD patients than in pSS patients and HC, which correlated with serum IgG4 levels. The expression of BAFF-R and CD40 on B cells was significantly lower in IgG4-RD patients compared with those in pSS patients and HC. Unlike HC, Breg cells from pSS patients lacked suppressive functions.

Conclusions

B cells in patients with IgG4-RD and pSS display a variety of abnormalities, including disturbed B cell subpopulations, abnormal expression of key signaling molecules, co-stimulatory molecules, and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, a significantly increased B cell subset, CD19 + CD24-CD38hi B cells, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD.
Genetic factors underlying discordance in chromatin accessibility between monozygotic twins
Authors: Kim Kwoneel , Ban Hyo-Jeong , Seo Jungmin , Lee Kibaick , Yavartanoo Maryam , Kim Sang Cheol , Park Kiejung , Cho Seong Beom , Choi Jung Kyoon
Published: May 2014

Background

Open chromatin is implicated in regulatory processes; thus, variations in chromatin structure may contribute to variations in gene expression and other phenotypes. In this work, we perform targeted deep sequencing for open chromatin, and array-based genotyping across the genomes of 72 monozygotic twins to identify genetic factors regulating co-twin discordance in chromatin accessibility.

Results

We show that somatic mutations cause chromatin discordance mainly via the disruption of transcription factor binding sites. Structural changes in DNA due to C:G to A:T transversions are under purifying selection due to a strong impact on chromatin accessibility. We show that CpGs whose methylation is specifically regulated during cellular differentiation appear to be protected from high mutation rates of 5′-methylcytosines, suggesting that the spectrum of CpG variations may be shaped fully at the developmental level but not through natural selection. Based on the association mapping of within-pair chromatin differences, we search for cases in which twin siblings with a particular genotype had chromatin discordance at the relevant locus. We identify 1,325 chromatin sites that are differentially accessible, depending on the genotype of a nearby locus, suggesting that epigenetic differences can control regulatory variations via interactions with genetic factors. Poised promoters present high levels of chromatin discordance in association with either somatic mutations or genetic-epigenetic interactions.

Conclusion

Our observations illustrate how somatic mutations and genetic polymorphisms may contribute to regulatory, and ultimately phenotypic, discordance.
Genome-wide mutational landscape of mucinous carcinomatosis peritonei of appendiceal origin
Authors: Alakus Hakan , Babicky Michele L , Ghosh Pradipta , Yost Shawn , Jepsen Kristen , Dai Yang , Arias Angelo , Samuels Michael L , Mose Evangeline S , Schwab Richard B , Peterson Michael R , Lowy Andrew M , Frazer Kelly A , Harismendy Olivier
Published: May 2014

Background

Mucinous neoplasms of the appendix (MNA) are rare tumors which may progress from benign to malignant disease with an aggressive biological behavior. MNA is often diagnosed after metastasis to the peritoneal surfaces resulting in mucinous carcinomatosis peritonei (MCP). Genetic alterations in MNA are poorly characterized due to its low incidence, the hypo-cellularity of MCPs, and a lack of relevant pre-clinical models. As such, application of targeted therapies to this disease is limited to those developed for colorectal cancer and not based on molecular rationale.

Methods

We sequenced the whole exomes of 10 MCPs of appendiceal origin to identify genome-wide somatic mutations and copy number aberrations and validated significant findings in 19 additional cases.

Results

Our study demonstrates that MNA has a different molecular makeup than colorectal cancer. Most tumors have co-existing oncogenic mutations in KRAS (26/29) and GNAS (20/29) and are characterized by downstream PKA activation. High-grade tumors are GNAS wild-type (5/6), suggesting they do not progress from low-grade tumors. MNAs do share some genetic alterations with colorectal cancer including gain of 1q (5/10), Wnt, and TGFβ pathway alterations. In contrast, mutations in TP53 (1/10) and APC (0/10), common in colorectal cancer, are rare in MNA. Concurrent activation of the KRAS and GNAS mediated signaling pathways appears to be shared with pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

Conclusions

MNA genome-wide mutational analysis reveals genetic alterations distinct from colorectal cancer, in support of its unique pathophysiology and suggests new targeted therapeutic opportunities.
A new esthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composite resin archwire: a comparative atomic force microscope (AFM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) study
Authors: Chng Chai Kiat , Foong Kelvin , Gandedkar Narayan H , Chan Yiong Huak , Chew Chong-Lin
Published: May 2014

Background

Fiber-reinforced polymer composite (FRPC) archwires could provide an esthetic solution to conventional orthodontic archwires. This study was carried out with the following aims: (1) to compare the sliding friction of FRPC archwire with nickel titanium archwire using various archwire-bracket combinations and (2) to determine the correlation between surface roughness and friction of the FRPC and NiTi archwires.

Methods

Four different brackets (Gemini® (Gemini-3M Unitek, St. Paul, MN, USA), ICE® (ICE-Ormco- Orange, CA, USA), Clarity® (Clarity-3M Unitek, St. Paul, MN, USA), and SmartClip® (SmartClip-3M Unitek, St. Paul, MN, USA)) in combination with FRPC wires and NiTi wires (0.018 in) were studied for archwire friction with simulated wear and surface roughness using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively. Statistical analysis of frictional wear generated and surface roughness between the various archwire and bracket groups was evaluated by one-way ANOVA at 5% level. Least significant difference (LSD) multiple comparisons were used to determine the archwire-bracket group difference.

Results

Gemini®-FRPC group generated the highest frictional wear (mean, 313.10; SD, 802.59) and ICE®-FRPC group produced the highest roughness values among all the groups tested (Ra = 496.13 nm, RMS = 635.49 nm). No correlation was found between frictional wear and surface roughness of the archwires of the various groups.

Conclusions

FRPC archwire shows promise in its application as an esthetic aligning archwire. However, further research and refinement in its manufacture would be necessary to fully realize its potential as an esthetic archwire.
“The Fascination of What’s Difficult”: Browning and MacCallum’s Classroom
Authors: McDonell Jennifer
Published: May 2014

The installation of Browning studies in the early Australian academy challenges the dominant narrative that the rise of English was underpinned by a modernist doxa predicated on notions of a historical break—with the Victorians in particular. Sir Mungo William MacCallum, the first professor of literature at the University of Sydney (and a figure central to the direction of the humanities academy in Australia), taught Victorian literature, including Browning, from the 1890s. MacCallum’s public lectures, like his pedagogy, aimed to convert a primary obstacle for many readers of Browning—his difficulty—into an argument for the value of interpretative labor that not only continued a tradition in nineteenth-century Browning criticism of emphasizing the active cooperation of reader and interpreter but also transferred the idea of “discipline,” formerly associated with the classics, especially Latin, to the study of literature in the vernacular. By examining the complex reticulations of disciplinarity and publicness over a contested author in an institutional site at the periphery of the global network that was the British Empire, this essay questions prevailing periodizations and categories of genre and style that diasporic, comparative classicists like MacCallum worked without.
Secularity and the Uses of Literature: English at Cambridge, 1890-1920
Authors: Wood Alison
Published: May 2014

“Cambridge English” and the uses of literature it implies proffer, still, an image central to our sense of the history of literary study. This essay explores the percolation of the discipline at a religiously reforming Cambridge. In the three decades before the inaugural (and comparatively late) appointment of Arthur Verrall to the King Edward VII Professorship of English Literature in 1911, ideology and institution had collided brilliantly. The drawn-out process of formalizing literature as a discipline occurred within broader discussions about the nature of the new, secularized university: specifically, its reconstitution of purpose in the light of a series of legislative reforms (1855-1921) and its radically changing relation to the established Church of England. Events at Cambridge suggest decidedly unstable notions of public secularity and enduring uncertainty about reconciling tensions between precedents and ambitions. Literary study—cast variously as a substitution for theology, ideology, or even intellectual dilution—became a significant proxy for such debates.
A Field of Magpies: Disciplinary Emergence as Modus Vivendi in English Studies
Authors: Tucker Herbert F.
Published: May 2014

Amid undeniable institutional pressures, one more strictly intellectual aspect of the chronic crisis in English studies is its perennial state of emergence toward a disciplinarity that, in Thomas S. Kuhn’s sense, it never achieves. Since its early nineteenth-century inception the field has instead borrowed tools, procedures, and standards, immethodically yet retentively, from other fields it has found engaging and adaptable. Notable waves of change that have irrigated the field include, in rough historical sequence, philology, seminary education, psychology, social science, history, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy, and sociology—none of them long dominant yet none ever quite superseded, each leaving its mark on literary scholarship and criticism. Analytic and interpretive practices incubated in English having at times flowed back with a difference into their sponsoring disciplines, it is incumbent on English studies now to see that these practices flourish in the field of media studies that seems likely to succeed it during the century ahead.
Moscow versus Brussels: Rival Integration Projects in the Balkans
Authors: Blank Stephen , Kim Younkyoo
Published: May 2014

Many see the western Balkans as the back yard of Europe. As the promise and reality of regional economic integration has weakened, however, Russia has returned to the area to play its historically important regional role. In the Balkans, a Russian or Russifying project competes against a European Union project, while Washington has shown little interest in the Balkans during the Barack Obama administration. The instruments of this rivalry are not only, or even primarily, armies but rather economic-political forces: control of energy pipelines and production, the use of that control for political objectives, and the attraction of competing political models.
From Science to History: Ego-history in the Context of Transition Society
Authors: Borodkin Leonid
Published: May 2014

no abstract
A Historian's ‘‘Biology’’: On the Traces of the Body in a Technogenic World
Authors: Duden Barbara
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Historians and (Auto)Biography: A Select Bibliography
Authors: Geppert Alexander C. T.
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Constructing Spanish Identity at the Center of the Old World: The Spanish Nation in Rome, 1558-1625
Authors: Dandelet Thomas
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Les 'jeunes' face au Prince. Le contrôle des violences rituelles dans la Duché de Ferrare (1452-1574)
Authors: Ricci Giovanni
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Identités byzantines
Authors: Kioussopoulou Tonia
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Historein: Asking Questions
Authors: Historein Historein
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Science and Religion in Greece, at the End of 19th Century
Authors: Kritikos Theodore
Published: May 2014

no abstract
National History: Construct or/and Reality?
Authors: Historein Historein
Published: May 2014

A workshop addressing the general theme “National History. Construct or/and Reality” was held at the European University Institute (Florence) on the 2nd and 3rd of May 1997. Professor Miroslav Hroch (European University Institute and University of Prague) organised and conducted this project which aimed at a comparative approach of the formation of national histories mostly within Central and Eastern Europe. The first two sessions (Friday, May 2nd, morning and afternoon) were devoted to the exploration of “The Concept of our National History”. The following scholars (according to the order of presentation) focused their analysis on certain cases of national histories:

A. First session

- Professor Otto Dann (University of Köln) - Germans.
- Professor Miroslav Hroch (EUI and University of Prague) and Dr. Jitka Maleckova (University of Prague) - Czechs.
- Professor Ottar Dahl (University of Oslo) - Norwegians.
- Professor Marjatta Hietala (University of Tampere) - Finns.

B. Second session

- Dr. Eva Ring Agh (University of Budapest) - Hungarians.
- Dr. Bronislav Hronec (University of Bratislava) - Slovaks.
- Dr. Effi Gazi (University of Crete) - Greeks.
How to Deal with Tormented Pasts
Authors: Liakos Antonis
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Using History: The Struggle over Traumatic Experiences of the Past in Historical Culture
Authors: Rüsen Jörn
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Conceptualising Historical Crimes
Authors: De Baets Antoon
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Holocaust Denial: Anti-Semitism as a Refusal to Accept Reality
Authors: Benz Wolfgang
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Does the Iliad need an Agamemnon Version? History, Politics and the Greek 1940s
Authors: Sfikas Thanasis D. , Mahera Anna
Published: May 2014

no abstract
From Oblivion to Obsession: The Uses of History in Recent Public Debates in Turkey
Authors: Kechriotis Vangelis
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Puzzles of the Past: Silences, Omissions and Unexplored Topics in History
Authors: Gallant Thomas W. , Sarafianos Aris
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Archaeology after the End of history
Authors: Plantzos Dimitris
Published: May 2014

This paper offers a survey of the rapid changes observed in the field of archaeological theory in the last 20 years or so; in the midst of cataclysmic changes in the way scholars, and the public at large, attempt to comprehend the past, archaeologists have learnt to trust significantly less their valuable raw data and "facts", in favour of more nuanced accounts allowing for the complexity of the phenomena they study. More to the point, they slowly realise that, as historians, they are internal to the problems under their scrutiny.
The idea of culture and the history of emotions
Authors: Petri Rolf
Published: May 2014

Recently, emotions have achieved a prominent place in historical research. The article tries to outline a reasonable itemisation of the three main streams in this field of study: the history of individual emotions, the study of the role that emotions have in historical processes, and the reflection about the influence of emotions on history writing. The second part addresses the methodological and theoretical status of the study of past emotions. The author criticises their definition as merely cultural phenomena, maintaining that the historian should contextualise historically the very paradigms of “culture” and “emotion”, “passion”, “sentiment”, “mood”, and the like. S/he should also better explore what emotions are, both by cross-disciplinary debate and theoretical reflection. Otherwise the history of emotions will restrict its critical potential and remain imprisoned within modernity’s canonical self-descriptions.

 
Global history in the age of crisis: metanarratives of material progress and the rise of Asia
Authors: Gekas Sakis
Published: May 2014

Metanarratives of material progress have been around at least since the time of Smith, Marx and Weber. This article reviews some works in global (economic) history and the history of financial crises and discusses the relationship between the rise of global history and the rise of Asia.
Trajectories of social history: a report
Authors: Exertzoglou Haris
Published: May 2014

This article considers the position of historical practice today, with an emphasis on social history and particularly from the point when it overlapped with the cultural turn
Review of Artemis Yagou's Fragile Innovation: Episodes in Greek Design History
Authors: Plantzos Dimitris
Published: May 2014

Artemis Yagou

Fragile Innovation: Episodes in Greek Design History

North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace, 2011. 230 pp.

Dimitris Plantzos

University of Athens
Between nation and empire: revisiting the Russian past twenty years later
Authors: Dialla Ada A.
Published: May 2014

This article is a succinct presentation of the historiographical overturns in the study of Russian history that have taken place in the last twenty years following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The main emphasis is on the ʽimperial turnʼ which undermines older historical givens but also disputes the importance of the nation/nation-state as a basic category for understanding the past.
 
The Problematic Intellectual Repercussions of '68: Reflections in a Jump-cut Style
Authors: Passerini Luisa
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Review of Nikolas Rose's The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine, Power, and Subjectivity in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Lekka Vasia
Published: May 2014

Review of Nikolas Rose's The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine, Power, and Subjectivity in the Twenty-First Century
"Everything Links"? Temporality, Territoriality and Cultural Transfer in the '68 Protest Movements
Authors: Kornetis Kostis
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Introduction
Authors: Committee Editorial
Published: May 2014

editor's introduction
Review of Philippe Poirrier (ed.), Pour une histoire des politiques culturelles dans le monde, 1945–2011 [For a history of cultural policies in the world, 1945–2011]
Authors: Botsis Foivos
Published: May 2014

Review of: Philippe Poirrier (ed.), Pour une histoire des politiques culturelles dans le monde, 1945–2011 [For a history of cultural policies in the world, 1945–2011], La Documentation Française: Paris, 2011. 477 pp.
Review of Choman Hardi's Gendered Experiences of Genocide: Anfal Survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq
Authors: Avramopoulou Eirini
Published: May 2014

Review of Choman Hardi, Gendered Experiences of Genocide: Anfal Survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq, Farnham: Ashgate, 2010. xii + 217pp
Questioning the Neutrality of Science
Authors: Gavroglu Kostas
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Art Movements in the 1960s and the Debate about Modernity
Authors: Koufou Angeliki
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Contentious Historisation. The Conference on "1968, Forty Years Later"
Authors: Liakos Antonis
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Bulletin
Authors: Historein Historein
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Of Rats and Names (Reflections on Hate)
Authors: Anidjar Gil
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Emotional Forces in Historical Thinking: Some Metahistorical Reflections and the Case of Mourning
Authors: Rüsen Jörn
Published: May 2014

no abstract
A New Species of Man: The Man of Feeling
Authors: Politi Jina
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Of Euro-Symbols and Euro-Sentiments: The Case of Town and School Twinning
Authors: Papagaroufali Eleni
Published: May 2014

no abstract
History, our own Stories and Emotions Online
Authors: Valatsou Despoina
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Online Pasts: Image, Technology and Historical Culture in Contemporary Greece (1994-2005)
Authors: Μπιλάλης (Mitsos Bilalis) Μήτσος
Published: May 2014

This is a book on contemporary Greek historical culture. It is based on research conducted on more than 2.500 personal homepages developed by Greeks during the period 1994-2005. The book deals with these particular webpages as markers of a critical process, concerning ‘mutations’ in Greek historical consciousness. More specifically, Greek personal homepages are conceived as an empirical ground for exploring the overall ways Greek society confirmed, rearranged or even deconstructed pre-existing historical narratives.
Focusing mainly on the visual structure of the personal homepages, the book examines how specific linear conceptualizations of historical time (continuity, progress and irreversibility) were transformed in order to be reproduced within the asynchronous, non-linear networks of the 1990’s. It suggests that a significant part of this process of reformulating the sense of historical time is claimed by new narrative mechanisms (e.g. visual unfolding, ‘re-engraving of historical images’, snapshots, ‘image-text’, ‘image-movement’), which are characterized by their visual, fractural and mostly affective morphology.
Timely Utopias: Notes on Utopian Thinking in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Laliotou Ioanna
Published: May 2014

no abstract
A Successful Utopia: The Doctrine of Human Dignity
Authors: De Baets Antoon
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Utopia and Reality in the Art of the October Revolution
Authors: Tsiara Syrago
Published: May 2014

no abstract
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Historein Historein
Published: May 2014

no abstract
New Testament Teachings and Readings on the Legitimacy of Warfare
Authors: Iosif Despina
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Mary and the Jews: Story, Controversy, and Testimony
Authors: Limor Ora
Published: May 2014

no abstract
From Polemics to Wars: The Curious Case of the House of Guise and the Outbreak of the French Wars of Religion
Authors: Benedict Philip
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Reading the Ancients: Remnants of Byzantine Controversies in the Greek National Narrative
Authors: Gazi Effi
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Entering the Empire
Authors: Laliotou Ioanna , Papatheodorou Yiannis , Voglis Polymeris
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Postcolonialism: From Bandung to the Tricontinental
Authors: Young Robert J. C.
Published: May 2014

no abstract
The Asiatic Mode of Production: National and Imperial Formations
Authors: Karl Rebecca E.
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Empire and Nation: Tensions and Convergences in Russia, 1861–1905
Authors: Dialla Ada
Published: May 2014

no abstract
L’Empire hispanique et l’idée d’empire dans l’historiographie espagnole moderne
Authors: Roura i Aulinas Lluís
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Serving the Nation: Historiography in the Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) After Socialism
Authors: Brunnbauer Ulf
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Historiography in Bulgaria After the Fall of Communism: Did "The Change" Happen?
Authors: Elenkov Ivan , Koleva Daniela
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Progrès et catastrophe. La conception de l'histoire de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Löwy Michael
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Scale and Cognition in Historical Constructions of Space
Authors: Mishkova Diana
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Visualizing Community, State and Nation: images of power and social bond 13-18 July 2002
Authors: Valatsou Despoina
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Elli Scopetea (1950-2002) Member of the Academic Board of Historein
Authors: Historein Historein
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Philippos Iliou (1931-2004)
Authors: Historein Historein
Published: May 2014

no abstract
New Ways in History, or, Talking About My Generation
Authors: Brewer John
Published: May 2014

no abstract
Solids: A Combinatorial Auction for Real Estate
Authors: Goossens Dries R. , Onderstal Sander , Pijnacker Jan , Spieksma Frits C. R.
Published: May 2014

In May 2011, our collaboration with housing corporation Stadgenoot culminated in the first combinatorial auction for housing space in a newly erected multistory building in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Our primary goal was to allocate space based on the preferences of many potential users. The resulting allocation included space for restaurants, boutiques, a dentist, and residential users. The auction we designed maximized total rent for Stadgenoot while complying with municipal and building regulations. We based our design on laboratory experiments that gave us guidance on choices regarding, for example, pricing, feedback, and activity rules. This paper describes the development and the results of this auction.
Design and execution of clinical trials in orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Mundi R. , Chaudhry H. , Mundi S. , Godin K. , Bhandari M.
Published: May 2014

High-quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating surgical therapies are fundamental to the delivery of evidence-based orthopaedics. Orthopaedic clinical trials have unique challenges; however, when these challenges are overcome, evidence from trials can be definitive in its impact on surgical practice. In this review, we highlight several issues that pose potential challenges to orthopaedic investigators aiming to perform surgical randomised controlled trials. We begin with a discussion on trial design issues, including the ethics of sham surgery, the importance of sample size, the need for patient-important outcomes, and overcoming expertise bias. We then explore features surrounding the execution of surgical randomised trials, including ethics review boards, the importance of organisational frameworks, and obtaining adequate funding.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:161–8.
Young African Norwegian women and diaspora: Negotiating identity and community through digital social networks
Authors: Mainsah Henry
Published: May 2014

This article explores the ways in which Norwegians of African descent explore their relationship with the African diaspora through the multimodal practices of digital online media. Through the stories of two young Norwegian women the article examines how community, ties and ways of belonging are envisioned at both the local and the transnational levels, and at the intersection between online and offline spaces. These stories are drawn from a larger digital ethnography of the African diaspora in Norway. The article underlines the need to locate understandings of ‘diaspora’ and the ‘digital’ within relations and positionalities in specific national contexts and spaces. The article aims to add to the existing literature on how diasporas in general and African diasporas in particular are technologically mediated.
Modes of self-representation: Visualized identities of former Yugoslav migrant women in the Netherlands
Authors: Van Gorp Jasmijn
Published: May 2014

This study investigates visualized identities of ‘former Yugoslav’ migrant women in the Netherlands. Ten women with roots in Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina or Croatia were asked to depict their identities in a series of photographs over the course of one week. Subsequently they were prompted to contextualize their photographs during an individual ‘photo-elicitation’ interview. The author identifies four modes of photographic self-representation by means of a step-wise analysis of the 1175 photographs: archival photos, self-portraits, still lifes and snapshots. The study shows how the four modes are used to visualize different intersecting identities. It appears that conviviality, togetherness, is one of the main features in their visualized identities. Moreover, the photographs not only mediate the people, events and objects of the migrants’ lived cultures but also elements of the research project in itself.
Traces of dispersion: Online media and diasporic identities
Authors: Diminescu Dana , Loveluck Benjamin
Published: May 2014

Drawing mainly on the e-Diasporas Atlas project (www.e-diasporas.fr), this article seeks to understand how the web has affected diasporic self-representations. More specifically, by engaging with both media theory and migration studies, it addresses the new modes of boundary formations that arise in the context of migration flows, and how these are mediated by the web. It sheds light on two main levels of online diasporic identity-building. The first can be situated firmly within a paradigm of ‘graphic reason’, and relates to the socio-semiotic traces documented on diasporic websites. The second examines traces of another kind, which are formed by the hyperlinked networks of e-Diasporas on the web, and which can be situated within a paradigm of ‘digital reason’. Some of the consequences for diasporic identity-formation are drawn out, particularly issues relating to strategies of visibility on the web.
The politics of transnational affective capital: Digital connectivity among young Somalis stranded in Ethiopia
Authors: Leurs Koen
Published: May 2014

This article presents an explorative qualitative case study of how sixteen young Somali migrants stranded in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia feel about staying in touch with loved ones abroad using Internet-based transnational communication. Left-behind during transit migration from Somalia to overseas, at this moment they can only digitally connect with contacts living inside for example dreamed diasporic locations in Europe. Based on in-depth interviews, a focus group and concept maps drawn by informants the ambivalent workings of affects spurred by transnational communication are explored. The intense feelings of togetherness originating in Skype video-chat, mobile phone calls and Facebook use are conceptualized with the notion of transnational affective capital – one of the only sources of capital the informants have. The ambivalence of transnational affective capital is scrutinized by exploring whether such connectivity routines offer trust, enable anxiety management and promote ‘ontological security’. Alternatively, the question arises whether transnational communication may further exacerbate ontological insecurity: discomfort, unsettlement and increased anxiety related to the precarious situation of being stranded.
Reflections from the market place – Community music therapy in context
Authors: Pavlicevic Mercédès , Fouché Sunelle
Published: May 2014

Music therapists engaged in musical-social development in territories with well-established legacies of suspicion towards state-sanctioned professional structures face uncomfortable dilemmas. South Africa’s Music Therapy Community Clinic (MTCC) has worked in the Cape Flats, in the Western Cape, for over a decade, and developed priorities and methods in attentive response to that particular market place. The ‘market place’ metaphor signals the possibilities for chaos and flourishing offered by spaces with distinctive – and not necessarily consistent – priorities and edges regarding music, safety, therapy, currency, work, economics and status. These reflections from the market place focus on the complex collisions of professional, musical and community loyalties that music therapists are offered by absent health and education resources and a rich social tradition of everyday music. While situated in a particular South African context, this article seeks to contribute to an adventurous broadening of community music therapy (CoMT) praxes everywhere.
Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics from Industrial and handcrafted Cachaça commercialized in the North Central Region from Paraná State
Authors: Volpe Thaisa Carvalho , Bona Evandro , Vitório Alberto Cavalcanti
Published: May 2014

Cachaça is the second most consumed alcoholic beverage by Brazilians, only losing position for beer. Its manufacturing is divided into handcrafted (still) and industrial (distillation column). The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of cachaça handcrafted and industrialized in the north central region of Paraná by physicochemical measurements of volatile acidity, alcohol content, pH, copper, higher alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furfural and methanol; as well as to evaluate statistical differences between the origin of the drink for the studied compounds. Three samples of handcrafted cachaça (A101, A102 and A103) and three different industrial samples (B101, B102 and B103) were collected. With respect to the parameters, alcohol content, higher alcohols, esters, furfural and methanol, samples globally exhibited 100% compliance to the boundary values, for aldehydes and volatile acidity, 83.3% had adequate values and 33.3% exhibited unacceptable for determining the values for copper. Therefore, from crafted drinks, only A101, was fully in accordance with the values established by law, while all industrial samples, were consistent. Regarding the origin of the beverage, the handcfated cachaças presented significant difrence from the industrial ones (p≤0.05) for having presented the highest concentration to the levels of volatile acidity, copper, aldehydes and alcohol content. At the same significance level, industrial-scale beverage excelled by the higher alcohols and esters content. One can conclude that the industrial and artisanal drinks are divergent on compounds analyzed, as well as the guarantee of quality standards across the legal limits.

 

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v4i2.114
Managing Customer Profits: The Power of Habits
Authors: Shah Denish , Kumar V. , Kim Kihyun Hannah
Published: May 2014

Do customers exhibit recurring behaviors beyond repeat purchases? If so, what are those behaviors, how are they formed, and why should marketers care? The authors apply the theory of habit to customer behavior in the context of a large customer data set of a national retailer. They find that (1) beyond repeat purchases, customers' recurring behavior with respect to returning products, purchasing on promotion, and purchasing low-margin items can be quantified along a continuum of habit strength; (2) marketing has a temporal impact on the formation of different customers' habits; and (3) customers' purchase and promotion habits positively affect firm performance (by $58 million), whereas return and low-margin purchase habits negatively affect firm performance (by $62 million). The findings underscore the need for managers to consider customer habits beyond repeat purchases, take stock of customers' habit measures before implementing policy changes, and leverage the habit measures (as compared with using only traditional behavioral measures) to strategically allocate resources at the customer level to maximize customer and firm profits.
The Adaptability of Marketing Systems to Interventions in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Pineapple System in Benin
Authors: Hounhouigan Menouwesso H. , Ingenbleek Paul T.M. , van der Lans Ivo A. , van Trijp Hans C.M. , Linnemann Anita R.
Published: May 2014

In general marketing theory, marketing systems are assumed to adapt to facilitate further economic development. However, such adaptability may be less obvious in the context of developing countries due to features in the social matrix of these countries. The present study explores adaptation in the Beninese pineapple marketing system in the first ten years after the introduction of the pasteurization process as a development intervention. Qualitative and quantitative insights across a broad spectrum of actors in the pineapple system reveal that adaptability to the intervention has been very slow and virtually absent at an aggregate level. These findings suggest that to make optimal use of the economic development effects of interventions, effects must be considered beyond the primary actor on which they are targeted. This may require complementary marketing interventions at different actors in the system. The marketing systems approach this study adopts seems useful to identify these key actors for complementary interventions.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Vitamin D as a potential contributor in endocrine health and disease
Authors: Muscogiuri Giovanna , Mitri Joanna , Mathieu Chantal , Badenhoop Klaus , Tamer Gonca , Orio Francesco , Mezza Teresa , Vieth Reinhold , Colao Annamaria , Pittas Anastassios
Published: May 2014

Objective

It has been suggested that vitamin D may play a role in the pathogenesis of several endocrine diseases, such as hyperparathyroidism, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), autoimmune thyroid diseases, Addison's disease and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this review, we debate the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of endocrine diseases.

Methods

Narrative overview of the literature synthesizing the current evidence retrieved from searches of computerized databases, hand searches and authoritative texts.

Results

Evidence from basic science supports a role for vitamin D in many endocrine conditions. In humans, inverse relationships have been reported not only between blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentrations but also with risk of T1DM, T2DM, and PCOS. There is less evidence for an association with Addison's disease or autoimmune thyroid disease. Vitamin D supplementation may have a role for prevention of T2DM, but the available evidence is not consistent.

Conclusions

Although observational studies support a potential role of vitamin D in endocrine disease, high quality evidence from clinical trials does not exist to establish a place for vitamin D supplementation in optimizing endocrine health. Ongoing randomized controlled trials are expected to provide insights into the efficacy and safety of vitamin D in the management of endocrine disease.
Methoprene-tolerant 1 regulates gene transcription to maintain insect larval status
Authors: Zhao Wen-Li , Liu Chun-Yan , Liu Wen , Wang Di , Wang Jin-Xing , Zhao Xiao-Fan
Published: May 2014

Insect molting and metamorphosis are regulated by two hormones: 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH). The hormone 20E regulates gene transcription via the nuclear receptor EcR to promote metamorphosis, whereas JH regulates gene transcription via its intracellular receptor methoprene-tolerant (Met) to prevent larval–pupal transition. However, the function and mechanism of Met in various insect developments are not well understood. We propose that Met1 plays a key role in maintaining larval status not only by promoting JH-responsive gene transcription but also by repressing 20E-responsive gene transcription in the Lepidopteran insectHelicoverpa armigera. Met1 protein is increased during feeding stage and decreased during molting and metamorphic stages. Met1 is upregulated by JH III and a low concentration of 20E independently, but is downregulated by a high concentration of 20E. Knockdown ofMet1in larvae causes precocious pupation, decrease in JH pathway gene expression, and increase in 20E pathway gene expression. Met1 interacts with heat shock protein 90 and binds to JH response element to regulateKrüppel homolog 1transcription in JH III induction. Met1 interacts with ultraspiracle protein 1 (USP1) to repress 20E transcription complex EcRB1/USP1 formation and binding to ecdysone response element. These data indicate that JH via Met1 regulates JH pathway gene expression and represses 20E pathway gene expression to maintain the larval status.
Structural performance of steel fibre reinforced concrete — Part I. Overview of the experimental program
Authors: Kovács I.
Published: May 2014

The papers of the series deal with experimental characterisation of mechanical as well as structural properties of different steel fibre reinforced concretes that can be used for several structural applications. An extensive experimental programme (six years) has been developed to investigate the effect of steel fibre reinforcement on the mechanical performance and structural behaviour of concrete specimens. Specimens and test methods were selected to be able to detect realistic behaviour of the material, representing clear effect on the structural performance. Material compositions, test methods, type of test specimens will be detailed in the presented paper (Part I).

Furthermore, compressive strength (Part II), stress-strain relationship (Part II), splitting strength (Part III) and toughness (Part IV) will also be discussed. In the light of the motivation to determine the structural performances of 1D concrete structural element affected by steel fibre reinforcement, bending and shear behaviour (Part V) as well as serviceability state (Part VI) of steel fibre reinforced concrete beams will be analysed. Since normal force — prestressing force — can affectively be used to improve the structural performances of RC element flexural tests were carried out on prestressed pretensioned steel fibre reinforced concrete beams (Part VII). Moreover, focusing on the in-plane state of stresses for 2D structures, behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete deep beams in shear and steel fibre reinforced concrete slabs (Part VIII) in bending will be explained. Finally, based on the wide range of the experimental and analytical studies on the presented field, a new material model for the 1D uniaxial behaviour (Part IX) and its possible extension to the 3D case (Part X) will be described hereafter. All papers will put emphasis on the short literature review of the last four decades.
Biological agents in potable water
Authors: Kovács E. , Tóth P. , Juhász Cs. , TamáS J.
Published: May 2014

There are numerous biological agents including bacteria such as Brucella suis, B. abortus, Francisella tularensis, Burkholderia mallei, Coxiella burnetii, Yersina pestis, Bacillus anthracis and Chlamydia psittaci, viruses such as Variola major and V. minor, Flavivirus and Hantavirus, and toxins such as Botulinum toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, Staphylococcus enterotoxin B and Trichothecene mycotoxin reported to have potential to cause illness via water consumption. In the recent years, biological threat prevention for urban water supply systems has been of special interest worldwide, thus, protection against biological agents requires adequate knowledge, available water treatment technologies and preparedness. In this review, the history of biological threat via public water supply, as well as selected early detection methods, prevention strategies and risk assessment models are detailed.
Iniciativas de gestión pública que promueven la productividad desde una perspectiva del género
Authors: Orellana Pino Cristian Eugenio , Perotti Hernán José
Published: May 2014

Este trabajo es un análisis crítico de la gestión organizacional que estudia la participación de la mujer en formatos productivos locales en dos regiones: la provincia de Santa Fe en Argentina y en las regiones rurales de la Zona Central de Chile. Ambos análisis exponen una visión acerca del riesgo del retorno de la inversión del capital socio-económico en formatos productivos de desarrollo local que son afectados por intervenciones de la administración de políticas públicas en el ámbito de la mujer. Este trabajo constituye un análisis cualitativo descriptivo y de proceso heurístico sobre la visión que se tiene del género, y particularmente de la mujer, para entender qué tipos iniciativas estimulan la participación hacia esa forma de organización de trabajo de coproducción y bajo qué condiciones estas ocurren.