bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facing the Need: Screening Practices for the Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Theiss Joanna , Regenstein Marsha
Published: October 2017

Despite evidence that social factors can result in poor health outcomes, and the emergence of payment models that encourage the use non-medical interventions to improve health, many health care providers do not identify the social determinants of health within patient populations through routine screening. This Article explores the possible reasons for this inconsistency by considering screening practices in medical-legal partnerships (MLPs), the health care approach most concerned with identifying and treating the social determinants of health. Through an analysis of the results of a national survey and qualitative interviews with MLPs, we discovered that screening is not operationalized or consistent within many MLPs. We conclude that although health care providers may recognize the value of screening, they are not yet embracing the practice, perhaps because of an unspoken fear that fulsome screening identifies so many unmet social and legal needs that community-based resources cannot satisfy demand. This fear is unfounded. Approaches such as MLP demonstrate that social and legal needs can be efficiently treated through collaboration with other professionals, often within the health care setting. Nevertheless, providers must first operationalize screening to truly understand the scope of the need in their patient populations and collaborate to address those needs.
General outcomes and risk factors for minor and major amputations in Brazil
Authors: Leite Jose O , Costa Leandro O , Fonseca Walter M , Souza Debora U , Goncalves Barbara C , Gomes Gabriela B , Cruz Lucas A , Nister Nilder , Navarro Tulio P , Bath Jonathan , Dardik Alan
Published: October 2017

Objectives

Major and minor amputations are associated with significant rates of mortality. However, little is known about the impact of unplanned redo-amputation during the same hospitalization on outcomes. The objectives of this study were to identify the risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality after both major and minor amputations as well as the results of unplanned redo-amputation on outcome.

Methods

Retrospective study of 342 consecutive patients who were treated with lower extremity amputation in Brazil between January 2013 and October 2014.

Results

The in-hospital mortality rate was higher in major compared to minor amputation (25.6% vs. 4.1%; p < 0.0001). Whereas chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and planned staged amputation predicted in-hospital mortality after major amputation, age, and congestive heart failure predicted mortality after minor amputation. The white blood cell count predicted in-hospital mortality following both major and minor amputation. However, postoperative infection predicted in-hospital mortality only following major amputation.

Conclusions

In-hospital mortality was high after major amputations. Unplanned redo-amputation was not a predictor of in-hospital mortality after major or minor amputation. Planned staged amputation was associated with reduced survival after major but not minor amputation. Postoperative infection predicted mortality after major amputation. Systemic diseases and postoperative white blood cell were associated with in-hospital mortality. This study suggests a possible link between a pro-inflammatory state and increased in-hospital mortality following amputation.
Emicizumab, a bispecific antibody recognizing coagulation factors IX and X: how does it actually compare to factor VIII?
Authors: Lenting Peter J. , Denis Cécile V. , Christophe Olivier D.
Published: October 2017

During the last decade, the development of improved and novel approaches for the treatment of hemophilia A has expanded tremendously. These approaches include factor VIII (FVIII) with extended half-life (eg, FVIII-Fc and PEGylated FVIII), monoclonal antibodies targeting tissue factor pathway inhibitor, small interfering RNA to reduce antithrombin expression and the bispecific antibody ACE910/emicizumab. Emicizumab is a bispecific antibody recognizing both the enzyme factor IXa and the substrate factor X. By simultaneously binding enzyme and substrate, emicizumab mimics some part of the function exerted by the original cofactor, FVIII, in that it promotes colocalization of the enzyme–substrate complex. However, FVIII and the bispecific antibody are fundamentally different proteins and subject to different modes of regulation. Here, we will provide an overview of the similarities and dissimilarities between FVIII and emicizumab from a biochemical and mechanistical perspective. Such insight might be useful in the clinical decision making for those who apply emicizumab in their practice now or in the future, particularly in view of the thrombotic complications that have been reported when emicizumab is used in combination with FVIII-bypassing agents.
Obesity in individuals with schizophrenia: a case controlled
study in Scotland
Authors: Cameron Isobel M. , Hamilton Ross J. , Fernie Gordon , MacGillivray Stephen A.
Published: October 2017

Background

Despite extensive clinical concern about rates of obesity in patients
with schizophrenia, there is little evidence of the extent of this
problem at a population level.

Aims

To estimate levels of obesity in a national population sample by
comparing patients with schizophrenia with matched controls.

Method

We calculated levels of obesity for each patient with schizophrenia from
the national Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit database (n=4658)
matched with age, gender and neighbourhood controls.

Results

We demonstrated a significant increased obesity hazard for the
schizophrenia group using Cox regression analysis, with odds ratio (OR)
of 1.94 (95% CI 1.81–2.10) (under the assumption of missing body mass
index (BMI) indicating non-obesity) and OR=1.68 (95% CI 1.55–1.81) where
no assumptions were made for missing BMI data.

Conclusions

People with schizophrenia are at increased risk of being obese compared
with controls matched by age, gender and practice attended. Priority
should be given to research which aims to reduce weight and increase
activity in those with schizophrenia.
It's just sand between the toes: how particle size and shape variation affect running performance and kinematics in a generalist lizard
Authors: Bergmann Philip J. , Pettinelli Kyle J. , Crockett Marian E. , Schaper Erika G.
Published: October 2017

Animals must cope with and be able to move effectively on a variety of substrates. Substrates composed of granular media, such as sand and gravel, are extremely common in nature, and vary tremendously in particle size and shape. Despite many studies of the properties of granular media and comparisons of locomotion between granular and solid substrates, the effects of systematically manipulating these media on locomotion is poorly understood. We studied granular media ranging over four orders of magnitude in particle size, and differing in the amount of particle shape variation, to determine how these factors affected substrate physical properties and sprinting in the generalist lizard Eremias arguta. We found that media with intermediate particle sizes had high bulk densities, low angles of stability and low load-bearing capacities. Rock substrates with high shape variation had higher values for all three properties than glass bead substrates with low shape variation. We found that E. arguta had the highest maximum velocities and accelerations on intermediate size particles, and higher velocities on rock than glass beads. Lizards had higher stride frequencies and lower duty factors on intermediate particle size substrates, but their stride lengths did not change with substrate. Our findings suggest that sand and gravel may represent different locomotor challenges for animals. Sand substrates provide animals with an even surface for running, but particles shift underfoot. In contrast, gravel particles are heavy, so move far less underfoot, yet provide the animal with an uneven substrate.
Skeletal stiffening in an amphibious fish out of water is a response to increased body weight
Authors: Turko Andy J. , Kültz Dietmar , Fudge Douglas , Croll Roger P. , Smith Frank M. , Stoyek Matthew R. , Wright Patricia A.
Published: October 2017

Terrestrial animals must support their bodies against gravity, while aquatic animals are effectively weightless because of buoyant support from water. Given this evolutionary history of minimal gravitational loading of fishes in water, it has been hypothesized that weight-responsive musculoskeletal systems evolved during the tetrapod invasion of land and are thus absent in fishes. Amphibious fishes, however, experience increased effective weight when out of water – are these fishes responsive to gravitational loading? Contrary to the tetrapod-origin hypothesis, we found that terrestrial acclimation reversibly increased gill arch stiffness (∼60% increase) in the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus when loaded normally by gravity, but not under simulated microgravity. Quantitative proteomics analysis revealed that this change in mechanical properties occurred via increased abundance of proteins responsible for bone mineralization in other fishes as well as in tetrapods. Type X collagen, associated with endochondral bone growth, increased in abundance almost ninefold after terrestrial acclimation. Collagen isoforms known to promote extracellular matrix cross-linking and cause tissue stiffening, such as types IX and XII collagen, also increased in abundance. Finally, more densely packed collagen fibrils in both gill arches and filaments were observed microscopically in terrestrially acclimated fish. Our results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the fish musculoskeletal system can be fine-tuned in response to changes in effective body weight using biochemical pathways similar to those in mammals, suggesting that weight sensing is an ancestral vertebrate trait rather than a tetrapod innovation.
Escaping blood-fed malaria mosquitoes minimize tactile detection without compromising on take-off speed
Authors: Muijres F. T. , Chang S. W. , van Veen W. G. , Spitzen J. , Biemans B. T. , Koehl M. A. R. , Dudley R.
Published: October 2017

To escape after taking a blood meal, a mosquito must exert forces sufficiently high to take off when carrying a load roughly equal to its body weight, while simultaneously avoiding detection by minimizing tactile signals exerted on the host's skin. We studied this trade-off between escape speed and stealth in the malaria mosquito Anopheles coluzzii using 3D motion analysis of high-speed stereoscopic videos of mosquito take-offs and aerodynamic modeling. We found that during the push-off phase, mosquitoes enhanced take-off speed using aerodynamic forces generated by the beating wings in addition to leg-based push-off forces, whereby wing forces contributed 61% of the total push-off force. Exchanging leg-derived push-off forces for wing-derived aerodynamic forces allows the animal to reduce peak force production on the host's skin. By slowly extending their long legs throughout the push-off, mosquitoes spread push-off forces over a longer time window than insects with short legs, thereby further reducing peak leg forces. Using this specialized take-off behavior, mosquitoes are capable of reaching take-off speeds comparable to those of similarly sized fruit flies, but with weight-normalized peak leg forces that were only 27% of those of the fruit flies. By limiting peak leg forces, mosquitoes possibly reduce the chance of being detected by the host. The resulting combination of high take-off speed and low tactile signals on the host might help increase the mosquito's success in escaping from blood-hosts, which consequently also increases the chance of transmitting vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, to future hosts.
Selection of functional 2A sequences within foot-and-mouth disease virus; requirements for the NPGP motif with a distinct codon bias
Authors: Kjær Jonas , Belsham Graham J.
Published: October 2017

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has a positive-sense ssRNA genome including a single, large, open reading frame. Splitting of the encoded polyprotein at the 2A/2B junction is mediated by the 2A peptide (18 residues long), which induces a nonproteolytic, cotranslational “cleavage” at its own C terminus. A conserved feature among variants of 2A is the C-terminal motif N16P17G18/P19, where P19 is the first residue of 2B. It has been shown previously that certain amino acid substitutions can be tolerated at residues E14, S15, and N16 within the 2A sequence of infectious FMDVs, but no variants at residues P17, G18, or P19 have been identified. In this study, using highly degenerate primers, we analyzed if any other residues can be present at each position of the NPG/P motif within infectious FMDV. No alternative forms of this motif were found to be encoded by rescued FMDVs after two, three, or four passages. However, surprisingly, a clear codon preference for the wt nucleotide sequence encoding the NPGP motif within these viruses was observed. Indeed, the codons selected to code for P17 and P19 within this motif were distinct; thus the synonymous codons are not equivalent.
Reduction of the Duration of Kondratyev Cycles in Non-Leading Countries
Authors: Басовский Леонид , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская Елена , Basovskaya Elena
Published: October 2017

The estimates of the duration of Kondratyev cycles in countries with different levels of technical and economic development are obtained. The regularity of the reduction in the duration of Kondratieff cycles are revealed, which increases more, when the corresponding Kondratyev cycle begins to form in them later. For each year of the displacement of the third cycle, the duration of the third cycle reduces by an average of 0.6 years. For each year of the displacement of the 4th cycle, the duration of the third cycle reduces by an average of 0.8 years. In countries — the leaders of the world economy in terms of labor productivity, the reduction in the duration of Kondratyev cycles does not take place. The regularity of reducing the length of Kondratyev cycles justifies the existence of the possibility of accelerated economic development.
Validação da Escala Abreviada de Sintomas em Pacientes com Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas (MPN-SAF-TSS): Avaliação em Pacientes Colombianos
Authors: Lozano Teófilo , Wiesner Carolina , Mesa Rubén , Robyn Marie Emanuel , Suárez Martha , Salguero Edgar
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: validar na Colômbia, a escala abreviada de sintomas representativos de neoplasias mieloproliferativas, para u seu posterior uso em investigação e a sua aplicação no âmbito clínico. Materiais e métodos: realizouse a adaptação transcultural da escala MPN-SAF-TSS (pelas suas siglas em inglês mieloproliferative neoplasm symptom assesment form total sympton score) ao espanhol colombiano, com análises estadísticas de validez e con abilidade com um tamanho de amostra determinado para cada propriedade psicométrica. Resultados: com base nas propriedades psicométricas conseguiuse verificar a confiabilidade e a estrutura interna da escala com alfa de Cronbach de 0,8552, o que denota uma boa consistência interna; se obteve um coeficiente de correlação de concordância de Lin de 0,765 mostrando uma boa confiabilidade; a análise fatorial mostrou múltiplos valores de coeficiente de correlação por acima de 0.3 indicando que as variáveis da escala medem fatores comuns, a validez de critério concorrente determina que a escala mede o que deve medir, com um adequado coe ciente de correlação de Spearman de -0,71 e -0,73 ao confrontá-la com as escalas facit-Fatigue e Fact-Lym respectivamente. Conclusão: a escala MPN-SAF-TSS adaptada ao espanhol colombiano, é um instrumento válido para a avaliação de sintomas em pacientes com neoplasias mieloproliferativas e pode ser utilizado na prática clínica ou em estudos clínicos pelas suas adequadas propriedades psicométricas.
Utilización de medicamentos antidepresivos en población adolescente de Colombia: un estudio tipo prescripción-indicación
Authors: Machado-Duque MD, MSc Manuel Enrique , Echeverri-Chabur MD, MSc Jorge Enrique , Machado-Alba MD, MSc, PhD Jorge Enrique
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: determinar las indicaciones de uso de antidepresivos en adolescentes (14-19 años) de Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal donde se incluyeron datos de pacientes adolescentes, de cualquier sexo, que estuvieran recibiendo algún antidepresivo entre enero de 2015 y junio de 2016. Se revisaron las historias clínicas en las que se evaluaron variables sociodemográ cas, farmacológicas, clínicas, incluidos el diagnóstico, la indicación aprobada o no y las comedicaciones. Se realizaron análisis multivariados. Resultados: se evaluaron 350 adolescentes tratados con antidepresivos, con edad media de 16,3 ± 1,4 años, ligero predominio femenino, con 209 pacientes (59,7%). La mayoría de prescripciones fueron realizadas por médico general (n=258; 73,7%). Los antidepresivos más utilizados fueron uoxetina (n=130; 37,1%), sertralina (n=56; 16,0%) y trazodona (n=47; 13,4%). Las principales indicaciones de uso fueron depresión (n=92; 26,3%), ansiedad (n=53; 15,1%), migraña (n=48; 13,7%), control de abuso de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (n=34; 9,7%) e insomnio (n=20; 5,7%). Solo 150 (42,9%) prescripciones se realizaron según aprobación por parte de agencias reguladoras. El análisis multivariado de la prescripción en indicaciones no aprobadas mostró que tener depresión (or: 0,004; ic95%: ,001-0,018), ansiedad (or: 0,028; ic95%: 0,010-0,076) o trastorno afectivo bipolar (or: 0,071; ic95%:0,011-0,461) estaban asociadas a una menor probabilidad de uso por fuera del aprobado. Discusión: la prescripción de los fármacos antidepresivos en pacientes adolescentes colombianos se está haciendo en especial con fluoxetina, sertralina y trazodona, principalmente para indicaciones no aprobadas. No hay una guía de práctica clínica en el país para el uso de estos medicamentos en la población adolescente.
A Medicina Social-Saúde Coletiva Latino-Americanas: uma Visão Integradora frente à Saúde Pública Tradicional
Authors: Casallas Murillo, Enf. MSc. Ana Lucía
Published: October 2017

Introdução: a saúde pública cuja abordagem conceitual é o funcionalismo mantém uma crise histórica para resolver os problemas de atenção à doença e geração de saúde, tanto de indivíduos quanto dos coletivos. Uma explicação é que a sua base epistemológica é restritiva e os próprios recursos existentes nos sistemas de saúde, não contribuem a intervenções que garantem a saúde e apontem integralmente a melhorar a qualidade de vida das populações. Desenvolvimento: por sua vez a corrente de pensamento da Medicina Social e a Saúde Coletiva (ms/sc) latino-americana ampliou este horizonte debatendo sobre o sentido epistemológico do objeto saúde como campo disciplinar complexo onde os saberes e práticas são abordados desde distintos paradigmas ou perspectivas epistémicas. A ms/sc, ressigni ca a noção do processo saúde-doença, nutrindo-se da incorporação de diferentes processos. Através de uma aproximação conceitual, este artigo busca assinalar e destacar de forma sucinta parte da construção desta corrente de pensamento em relação com três processos: a consideração epistemológica do objeto saúde, a relação entre as ciências sociais e a saúde, e a crítica ao modelo preventivista e à epidemiologia convencional. Conclusões: os anteriores aspectos possibilitam a sua vigência como corrente de pensamento e fazer evidente a sua contribuição para interpretar as afetações do processo saúde-doença, em contextos adversos produto da mercantilização da saúde e da crise do Estado.
Female genital mutilation: An exploratory study of teachers' knowledge and experiences
Authors: Wood Rebecca
Published: October 2017

Objectives:

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is prevalent in the United Kingdom (UK) but there is a dearth of evidence on teachers' understandings of the practice. This study explored primary school teachers' knowledge and experiences of FGM.

Methods:

A grounded theory study, using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 11 primary school teachers, from the North West of England. Data analysis adhered to the principles of grounded theory.

Findings:

Three themes were generated: fear, cultural subjectivity and teaching culture. Despite teachers wanting to ‘do the right thing’ their lack of confidence and perception that they needed authorisation to intervene prevented them from doing so.

Conclusions:

This study has provided insight into teachers' perceptions of their role in relation to FGM. Supportive professional guidelines aimed at those working in schools could provide the confidence needed to tackle issues related to FGM.
Pupil wellbeing: Are your schools safe places?
Authors: Knightsmith Pooky
Published: October 2017

Dr Pooky Knightsmith offers us five tangible ways to ensure our schools are a safe space for vulnerable young people.
Tractor Power Take-Off Torque Measurement and Data Acquisition System
Authors: Roeber James BW , Pitla Santosh K , Hoy Roger M , Luck Joe D , Kocher Mike F
Published: October 2017

Abstract.

With the mechanization of agricultural operations, agricultural machinery management has become an extensive research field. Sizing tractors and implements to provide the most efficient power transfer has become an ongoing process with advances in technology. Utilization of the rotational power transferred through gear trains from the tractor engine to the power take-off (PTO) shaft is one of the most efficient methods of power transfer to an implement. This research used commercially available torque sensors that were installed on a tractor PTO shaft for measuring the torque delivered to an implement. The torque sensor was calibrated using the Nebraska Tractor Test Lab’s (NTTL) dynamometer by following the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Code 2 test procedure for varying PTO loads. The calibration of the sensor was verified using the full load at varying speeds test as described in the OECD Code 2. Tractor PTO shaft torque values measured by the torque sensor were compared to the NTTL’s dynamometer torque measurement. Differences in torque values measured between the sensor and the dynamometer ranged from 3 to 23 N·m. Student’s t-test showed no significant difference between the measurements during the full load varying speed tests which demonstrated that the sensor can be mounted on the tractor’s PTO shaft for torque data collection in field operations. Keywords: Data Acquisition, LabVIEW, Power Take-off, Torque, Tractor.
Development and Evaluation of a Low-Cost Probe-Type Instrument to Measure the Equilibrium Moisture Content of Grain
Authors: Armstrong Paul R , McNeil Samuel , Manu Naomi , Bosomtwe Augustine , Danso James K , Osekre Enoch , Opit George
Published: October 2017

Abstract.

Storage of grain in bags is common in Africa, Asia, and many other less developed countries making a bag probing method well-suited for moisture content (MC) measurement. A low-cost meter was developed under a USAID project to reduce post-harvest loss (PHL). The meter, referred to as the PHL meter, measures the MC of maize and other grains based on relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T) measurements obtained by a small digital sensor located in the tip of a tubular probe that can be inserted into bags of grain or other grain bulks. Measurements are used by equilibrium moisture content (EMC) equations programmed into the meter to predict MC. A handheld reader connected to the probe provides a user interface. Keywords: Equilibrium moisture content, Grain storage, Maize, Moisture content, Moisture meter, Post-harvest
Tanztheater, Pina Bausch and the ongoing influence of her legacy
Authors: Vesga Bujan Oihana
Published: October 2017

Pina Bausch and the Tanztheater Wuppertal have been fundamental in the international establishment of Tanztheater as a new and independent dance genre, and their impact is evident and vibrant in the current contemporary dance scene. To support this statement I will first unfold the history of modern dance in Germany, from Rudolf Laban and the German expressive dance movement of the 1920’s, to the creations of Kurt Jooss and finally the formation of Tanztheater Wuppertal in 1973. I will then study Bausch’s life and work, and reveal the essential and unique characteristics of her style, to ultimately prove the ongoing influence of her legacy, looking at one of the final pieces of the 2012-13 London based choreographic competition The Place Prize.
Feminismo, género y labores reproductivas
Authors: Benedito Perez Carmen
Published: October 2017

El artículo consta de tres partes, la primera una introducción en la que se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de estudiar la diferencia que existe entre sexos respecto de las labores reproductivas, y la importancia de comprender las nuevas narrativas y necesidades que se van generando respecto al tema de la reproducción y maternidad, una segunda parte en la que se exponen cuatro artistas que nos han aportado narrativa plástica, visual y vivencial sobre la maternidad y en la que se valoran los cambios estéticos en la interpretación del tema y una última parte en la que extraen conclusiones y se formulan hipótesis de posibles alternativas para la integración de la reproducción humana y social en un nuevo organismo social.
De mujeres y diosas
Authors: Menéndez Requeno Elena
Published: October 2017

Este artículo está basado en el estudio de la representación y significado de la divinidad femenina en el arte feminista, una imagen surgida en el feminismo de segunda ola estadounidense en las décadas de los sesenta y setenta del siglo pasado. En las siguientes páginas trataremos de mostrar cómo esta imagen se convirtió en una metáfora para los diferentes requerimientos de varias artistas relacionadas con este movimiento, tales como la conexión entre la mujer y la naturaleza, su preocupación sobre la sexualidad femenina, sobre cómo es representado el cuerpo de la mujer en el arte, una crítica contra las religiones patriarcales, una reivindicación de la Historia de las Mujeres y una reivindicación socio-cultural, de modo que la representación de la Gran Diosa en el arte de este movimiento es el resultado de todas estas peticiones ya citadas, así como una forma de canalizar todas ellas dentro del arte feminista.
Estéticas curvas para una revolución artístico-feminista
Authors: Bueno de Santiago Alejandra
Published: October 2017

El principal problema que sigue existiendo en los feminismos es la falta de unión que ha derivado de una crisis epistémica y de conocimiento. Esto ha sido trasladado al campo artístico, pero con menores rivalidades, lo que acontece en estos momentos es una reflexión del conocimiento y de las prácticas artísticas culturales, que comienza por cuestionar el todo, para quedarse en un análisis fragmentado, ya que la inclusión gestáltica solo propiciaría un nuevo orden social exclusivo y fijo. Se comienza por el análisis de la estética, cualidad intrínseca al pensamiento humano, después lo humano, concepción historicista basada en una figura hermética y patriarcal, lo histórico, un campo de batalla en el que la mujer ha sido el elemento reproductivo, el espacio público, lugar de encuentro y de generación de conocimiento y así sucesivamente. En esta propuesta se establece una serie de relaciones conceptuales y prácticas que tratan no de eliminar viejos paradigmas culturales, sino más bien tratan de criticar los viejos y promover nuevas relaciones que busquen re-conocer en lo consabido, que se practiquen a sí mismas, lo que Rian Lozano llamó “prácticas culturales anormales”. Para tratar el tema en profundidad y analizar un caso real, se propone como práctica cultural anormal el Festival Internacional de cine feminista, Fem Tour Truck.
Oda al silencio: Voces de identidad en torno a la práctica artística
Authors: Garbayo Alvero Natividad
Published: October 2017

Poder llegar a ser… poder llegar a ser mujer… a ser artista… Un deseo que en su paso a través del tiempo, se ha tenido que ir construyendo como un movimiento social y político para poder atravesar las grandes dificultades y romper con los numerosos roles y obstáculos que le ha brindado la historia, la cultura y un sistema patriarcal a la identidad femenina… Una toma de conciencia de las mujeres por su vida, tanto pública como privada. Un despertar que desafió los códigos culturales básicos y rompió con lo establecido para poder expresar una identidad individual y colectiva. Una revolución que cambió el curso de la mirada de la mujer para salir en busca de su propia imagen, de su propia identidad. Una encrucijada comprometida que cuestiona los valores aprendidos y apuesta por ser.
Multigeruza polimerikoak: mediku-protesietarako materialen ezaugarriak hobetzeko bidea
Authors: Valverde Ainara , Perez Leyre
Published: October 2017

Biomedikuntza arloan inplante moduan erabiltzeko material berrien eskaera handia dago, baina errefus arazoak sortzen dituzte biobateragarritasun kontuak direla eta. Lan honetan azalduko dugu nola eraldatu dugun bi substratu motaren gainazala. Bat ezorganikoa izango da eta bestea polimerikoa. Geruzaz geruzako («layer by layer») estrategiaz baliatuta, azido hialuroniko eta kitosanozko multigeruzak sortuko dira. Kitosanoa fluoreszenteki markatu eta mikroskopio konfokalean fluoreszentzia- hazkundea behatu ondoren, ondorioztatu da geruzak modu arrakastatsu batean sortu direla. Honi esker, materialaren hidrofilitatea areagotzea lortu da, eta horrela, bakterioen aurkako gainazala lortzeaz gainera materialaren biobateragarritasuna handituko da modu merke eta sinple batean.
The Comparative Method: Simplicity + Power = Results
Authors: Joseph Brian D.
Published: October 2017

Desde su introducción como herramienta metodológica disponible para la Lingüística histórica, el Método Comparativo ha demostrado ser uno de los métodos usados más potentes y duraderos, a pesar de su aparente simplicidad. En este artículo, se exploran las bases para el Método Comparativo y, con el fin de demostrar su utilidad y poder explicativo, se proporcionan ejemplos ilustrativos de su aplicación en todos los niveles del análisis lingüístico y de su extensión, incluso, hacia ámbitos culturales.
Anatolian languages and Proto-Indo-European
Authors: Adiego Ignasi-Xavier
Published: October 2017

En el presente artículo se ofrece un estado de la cuestión sobre la posición del grupo anatolio (hitita, luvita, palaíta, licio, milio, lidio, cario, pisidio y sidético) en el seno de las lenguas indoeuropeas. Se someten a evaluación las dos grandes corrientes de opinión que han intentado dar cuenta de las fuertes divergencias entre las lenguas anatolias y el proto-indoeuropeo reconstruido: la hipótesis de la pérdida de categorías en anatolio y la hipótesis de una separación temprana del anatolio. En el marco de esta evaluación se señalan algunos prejuicios y apriorismos sobre el cambio lingüístico que han condicionado innecesariamente el debate. También se hace énfasis en el progreso alcanzado en el estudio de las lenguas anatolias diferentes del hitita, lo que ha permitido incorporarlas a un debate que en principio se limitaba a confrontar el hitita con el proto-indoeuropeo. El artículo concluye señalando que en este momento resulta difícil decantarse a favor de una u otra hipótesis.
Los infinitivos en el Conjugationssystem de Franz Bopp
Authors: García Ramón José Luis
Published: October 2017

En el marco de la presentación de la conjugación verbal de cada una de las lenguas tratadas en su Conjugationssystem (sánscrito, griego, latín, persa medio y moderno y lenguas germánicas), Franz Bopp también se centra en las formas de infinitivo. En este artículo se aborda el tema de la comparación y reconstrucción morfológica, específicamente el de los infinitivos, comparando las ideas de Bopp con lo que la lingüística indo-europea moderna asume a día de hoy.
Comparative Linguistics of Mesoamerican Languages Today
Authors: Campbell Lyle
Published: October 2017

Este artículo examina el estado actual de la Lingüística Comparada aplicada a las diez familias lingüísticas y lenguas aisladas de Mesoamérica. La clasificación de las lenguas mesoamericanas está bien establecida y también está avanzada la reconstrucción de las protolenguas. Se evalúan algunas propuestas de relación genética distante que implican a lenguas de Mesoamérica. Se establecen y discuten las tareas pendientes, junto con las recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.
El muchacho desnudo del prendimiento de Marcos (14, 51-52): una nueva interpretación
Authors: Fontana Elboj Gonzalo
Published: October 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo es el de ofrecer una nueva interpretación a uno de los más enigmáticos personajes del Nuevo Testamento: el misterioso joven que huye desnudo en la escena del prendimiento (Mc 14, 51-52). Las propuestas de la Antigüedad trataron de identificarlo con diversas figuras históricas (Santiago, el hermano del Señor; el apóstol Juan...). Eruditos posteriores consideraron que era una alegoría del bautismo cristiano. En contraste, según nuestra hipótesis, el personaje es una creación alegórica de la tradición oral más antigua del cristianismo. De naturaleza simbólica y no histórica, reflejaba la realidad crística de Jesús: Cristo iba a escapar a la muerte y sus captores se quedaron con un simple cuerpo, cuya imagen era la mortaja que cubría el cuerpo desnudo del joven. Así, Cristo —y no Jesús— quedó preservado de la muerte y a la espera de su resurrección. Tras la muerte y sepultura de Jesús, ese mismo joven se manifiesta revestido de una resplandeciente túnica que expresa la plenitud de su glorificación mesiánica (cf. Mc 16, 2-6). Tiempo después, cuando la narración teológica se puso por escrito, el autor de Marcos lo transformó en un joven ángel.
Sobre los nombres de las unidades familiares indígenas en la Hispania antigua (1.ª parte)
Authors: R. Luján Eugenio
Published: October 2017

Se revisa en este trabajo la relación entre los nombres de unidades familiares indígenas en genitivo plural y los nombres indígenas que también pueden referirse a ellas, atendiendo a diferentes aspectos como la dispersión geográfica y la relación con los nombres de divinidades del occidente hispano. Se argumenta que, además de las formaciones onomásticas en -ko-, también otro tipo de derivados podía desempeñar esa función y que pueden existir diferencias morfológicas entre los nombres utilizados para referirse a una misma unidad. También se rastrea en la documentación epigráfica la información referente a los procesos por los cuales podían ir surgiendo, dentro de una unidad familiar previamente existente, nuevas unidades con un nombre diferente.
Le Corbusier's Postcard Collection: Poetical Assemblage as a “Porous” Classification System
Authors: Bielza Luis Burriel
Published: October 2017

Le Corbusier collected about 2,300 postcards throughout all of his life but he never showed them to anyone, keeping them in the intimacy of his apartment. They are nowadays held in the archives of the F.L.C., filed by geographic origin. However, this system is not suited to unravel its signification. As opposed to a mere “classification”, we would like to present the concept of "poetical assemblage": the meaning of each postcard is studied not only by the subject it portraits, but through its relation with other items in the collection and even further, through its confrontation with other tools the architect employed to understand the world: painting, sketching, writing, photographing, and his architectural projects. Instead of creating a linear and univocal analytical system, the “poetical assemblage” brings an open system composed by four different “sections” which should be understood as four spheres with porous and diffuse limits able to interact. This research reveals the varying possibilities engaged in this approach. They have been summarized in three main goals which are intermingled in growing degrees: inspiration, education and verification. A whole array of graphic examples will provide evidences of the capacity of the architect to synthesize subjects and concepts regardless time and space. Stability and transition are the guiding keys to jump from image to image and from panel to panel, at the same time evoking the tradition and building the present.
Existence Results for Solutions to Nonlinear Dirac Systems on Compact Spin Manifolds
Authors: Yang Xu
Published: October 2017

In this article, we study the existence of solutions for the Dirac system

{

D
⁢
u

=

∂
⁡
H

∂
⁡
v

⁢

(
x
,
u
,
v
)

 

on 
⁢
M

,

D
⁢
v

=

∂
⁡
H

∂
⁡
u

⁢

(
x
,
u
,
v
)

 

on 
⁢
M

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle Du&\displaystyle=\frac{\partial H}{% \partial v}(x,u,v)\quad\text{on }M,\\ \displaystyle Dv&\displaystyle=\frac{\partial H}{\partial u}(x,u,v)\quad\text{% on }M,\end{aligned}\right.

where M is an m-dimensional compact Riemannian spin manifold,

u
,
v

∈

C
∞

⁢

(
M
,

Σ
⁢
M

)

{u,v\in C^{\infty}(M,\Sigma M)}

are spinors, D is the Dirac operator on M, and the fiber preserving map

H
:

Σ
⁢
M

⊕

Σ
⁢
M

→
ℝ

{H:\Sigma M\oplus\Sigma M\rightarrow\mathbb{R}}

is a real-valued superquadratic function of class

C
1

{C^{1}}

with subcritical growth rates. Two existence results of nontrivial solutions are obtained via Galerkin-type approximations and linking arguments.
ℋ∞-Sliding-Mode Beobachterentwurf
Authors: Misgeld Berno Johannes Engelbert , Thiel Michael , Schubert Philipp , Leonhardt Steffen
Published: October 2017

In diesem Beitrag wird die Erweiterung eines Luenberger-Beobachters mit einem strukturvariablen Anteil vorgestellt. Ziel
ist die Zustandsrekonstruktion in unsicheren Systemen. Die Synthese der stetigen Rückführung des Beobachters erfolgt
über die Minimierung der ℋ∞-Systemnorm. Für die Minimierung des
ℋ∞-Problems werden neben der Vorgabe einer statischen Rückführungsmatrix des Beobachters weitere
strukturelle Bedingungen gefordert. Diese strukturellen Bedingungen werden wiederum benötigt, um die Stabilität der
Fehlerdynamik des Beobachters für die Kombination von stetiger (Luenberger) Rückführung und unstetigem Anteil zu
zeigen. Abschließend wird der Entwurf am Beispiel eines nichtlinearen mathematischen Pendels demonstriert.
Calcium, magnesium and phosphorus dietary intake in active and sedentary Polish students
Authors: Malara Marzena , Tkaczyk Joanna , Kęska Anna , Lutosławska Grażyna , Mazurek Krzysztof
Published: October 2017

Study aim: To evaluate energy, macronutrient, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate daily intake in young healthy Polish male students. Material and methods: Two hundred and sixteen participants were physical education students engaged in regular physical ac­tivity (about 9 h/week) and were recognized as physically active. One hundred and fourteen students were from other speciali­zations participating in 1.5 h/week gymnastics classes and were recognized as sedentary. Body mass and height were measured using standard medical equipment. Body fat was evaluated from four skinfold measurements. In all subjects daily intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, magnesium and phosphate was briefly assessed from 24-hour food records taken over 4 days. Results: The active students’ diet was characterized by significantly higher energy, macronutrient and mineral daily intake. Moreover, calcium to phosphorus and calcium to magnesium ratios in active subjects were higher than in sedentary ones. There was no significant difference between groups in protein or magnesium intake expressed per 1000 kcal. In contrast, daily intake of fat and phosphate expressed per 1000 kcal was significantly lower in the active students vs. sedentary ones (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 for fat and phosphate, respectively). Active students were characterized by significantly higher carbohydrate and cal­cium intake per 1000 kcal in comparison with their sedentary counterparts (p < 0.001 for both variables). Conclusions: The dietary pattern of active students was found to be slightly but significantly better than that of their sedentary counterparts. However, in both groups it was far from being a healthy one.
Situation-Bound Utterances and Formulaic Competence: The Case of Chinese Learners of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Zhiqi Gong , Hui Jiang
Published: October 2017

This study investigated the relationship between situation-bound utterances (SBUs thereafter) and formulaic competence, focusing on the acquisition of three subcategories of SBUs among early intermediate and early advanced Chinese learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). A group of native English speakers also participated in this study to provide baseline data. One-way ANOVA analysis and post hoc tests confirmed that linguistic competence usually preceded formulaic competence for EFL learners. The findings also showed no statistically significant difference existing between the three groups of participants in the use of plain SBUs, and this could be attributed to the low degree of cultural-embeddedness and high semantic transparency of plain SBUs. It was further argued that a threshold has to be reached for EFL learners to go through a movement from rules to wholes.
The Effect of the Continuation Task on the Acquisition of the Chinese Spatial Phrase Structure by L2 Chinese Learners
Authors: Liyun Zeng , Zhicheng Mao , Lin Jiang
Published: October 2017

This study aims to investigate the effect of the continuation task (CT) on the acquisition of the Chinese spatial phrase structure (SPS) by learners of various L1 backgrounds learning Chinese as a second language (CSL). Two groups of participants were formed: a continuation group and a reading comprehension group. The former was required to continue in Chinese a text with its ending removed, while the latter needed to complete the Q&A questions after reading the same text. The effect of the tasks was measured by examining the CSL learners’ correct use of the Chinese SPS in three aspects — the circum-construction, the use of prepositions and the use of the locative. The study found that the continuation group made significant improvement from the pretest to the posttests while the reading comprehension group did not. Moreover, the continuation group outperformed the reading comprehension group significantly in the posttests, though there was no significant difference between them in the pretest. The results showed that CT can facilitate CSL learners’ acquisition of the Chinese SPS, with a better effect than the reading comprehension task.
Multipliers of sequence spaces
Authors: Cheng Raymond , Mashreghi Javad , Ross William T.
Published: October 2017

This paper is selective survey on the space lA
p and its multipliers. It also includes some connections of multipliers to Birkhoff-James orthogonality
Generalized n-circular projections on JB*-triples and Hilbert C0(Ω)-modules
Authors: Ilišević Dijana , Liu Chih-Neng , Wong Ngai-Ching
Published: October 2017

Being expected as a Banach space substitute of the orthogonal projections on Hilbert spaces, generalized n-circular projections also extend the notion of generalized bicontractive projections on JB*-triples. In this paper, we study some geometric properties of JB*-triples related to them. In particular, we provide some structure theorems of generalized n-circular projections on an often mentioned special case of JB*-triples, i.e., Hilbert C*-modules over abelian C*-algebras C0(Ω).
A global perspective to connections on principal 2-bundles
Authors: Waldorf Konrad
Published: October 2017

For a strict Lie 2-group, we develop a notion of Lie 2-algebra-valued differential forms on Lie groupoids, furnishing a differential graded-commutative Lie algebra equipped with an adjoint action of the Lie 2-group and a pullback operation along Morita equivalences between Lie groupoids. Using this notion, we define connections on principal 2-bundles as Lie 2-algebra-valued 1-forms on the total space Lie groupoid of the 2-bundle, satisfying a condition in complete analogy to connections on ordinary principal bundles. We carefully treat various notions of curvature, and prove a classification result by the non-abelian differential cohomology of Breen–Messing. This provides a consistent, global perspective to higher gauge theory.
Gait adaptations after vestibular stimulation in children with congenital visual impairments: a comparative study
Authors: Tsaklis Panagiotis , Zorzos Savvas Alexandros , Mertyri Dimitra
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The study is based on the hypothesis that individuals with congenital total or partial loss of vision develop more effective gait adjustments compared with those who are sighted, after stimulation of the vestibular system. Therefore, they are able to manage their motor control better. The aim was to investigate the way individuals with congenital total or partial vision loss adjust their gait following vestibular stimulation, compared with sighted blindfolded individuals.

Methods

The total of 10 children with congenital visual impairments constituted the experimental group and 10 children with normal vision (blindfolded with special mask) formed the control group. We performed gait analysis (forward and backward gait direction) with a three-dimensional gait analysis system. The walking speed (m/s) of each group, before and after the vestibular stimulation, during forward and backward gait, was analysed.

Results

The average walking speed of the children in the experimental group, statistically, revealed no significant differences before and after the vestibular stimulation. Conversely, in the control group, statistically significant differences in the mean walking speed before and after the vestibular system stimulation were found.

Conclusions

Children with congenital total or partial blindness may adapt their gait strategy more adequately, after vestibular stimulation, during forward and backward gait, as compared with sighted blindfolded children. Consequently, the first group is in the position to manage their motor control more sufficiently.
The effect of aquatic and land plyometric training on the vertical jump and delayed onset muscle soreness in brazilian soccer players
Authors: Fonseca Renato Tavares , Nunes Rodolfo De Alkmim Moreira , Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto de , Lima Vicente Pinheiro , Silva Sérgio Gregorio , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin , Vale Rodrigo Gomes De Souza
Published: October 2017

Purpose. To compare the effects of aquatic and land plyometric training on the vertical jump (VJ) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in soccer players. Methods. Twenty-four male soccer players aged 16-18 years (16.53 ± 0.5 years) were randomly divided into three groups: aquatic plyometric training (APT) (n = 8; age: 16.4 ± 0.4 years; body mass: 68.3 ± 7.54 kg; height: 179.75 ± 8.13 cm); land plyometric training (LPT) (n = 8; age: 16.5 ± 0.5 years; body mass: 68.2 ± 7.8 kg; height: 177.0 ± 7.4 cm); and control group (n = 8; age: 16.7 ± 0.6 years; body mass: 61.2 ± 6.5 kg; height: 171.43 ± 5.75 cm), not performing any jump program. An identical training program was applied for 6 weeks, totalling 944 jumps. The VJ was evaluated on a leap jump platform and the Visual Analogue Scale measured the change in DOMS perception. Results. There was a significant increase in the VJ height in both experimental groups (LPT and APT) (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in DOMS perception was verified for the APT group in comparison with the LPT group (p < 0.05) between the first and last week of training. The foot contact time significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the APT group from pre- to posttest. Significant improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in the flight time and jump speed from pre- to post-test in both LPT and APT groups. Conclusions. APT can increase the VJ height and reduce DOMS perception in soccer players.