bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of cadmium by magnesium-modified biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures
Authors: Chen Ya , Shan Ruifeng , Sun Xiaoyin
Published: May 2021

Metal pollution in soil is an increasing concern. Cadmium poses significant risks to ecosystems, and methodologies for its removal, including adsorption, have been researched. There are several environmentally friendly adsorbing materials (such as Biochar) for Cd removal. In this study, to improve the adsorptive capacity of Cd, coconut and peanut shells were used as raw materials to prepare Biochar at 300 °C and 600 °C. The effects of the pyrolysis temperature and material type on the physicochemical properties of the adsorbents were investigated by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Magnesium-loaded BC was synthesized to determine its Cd2+ absorptivity. The adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Cd2+ in an aqueous phase were studied through batch adsorption experiments. The results demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order kinetics model accurately described the adsorption kinetics of adsorbents of Cd2+. The adsorption behavior of the Cd2+ adsorbent conforms to the single layer adsorption described by the Langmuir model. Adsorption of Cd2+ involves a spontaneous endothermic process. The initial pH of the solution greatly influenced the adsorption of Cd2+ and showed a trend of rapid growth and then slow growth. Thus, magnesium-modified biomass carbon has good potential for applications in pollutant remediation.
Qualitative research: The impact of root orientation on coarse roots detection using ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
Authors: Wang Mingkai , Wen Jian , Li Wenbin
Published: May 2021

The growth of coarse roots is complex, leading to intricate patterns of root systems in three dimensions. To detect and recognize coarse roots, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used. According to the GPR theory, a clear profile hyperbola is formed on the GPR radargrams when electromagnetic waves travel across two surfaces with different dielectric constants. First, the forward models (different root orientations) were built with simulation software (GprMax3.0) based on the finite-different time-domain method (FDTD). As the radar moved forward, the signal reflection curve was generated in different root orientations. An algorithm was proposed to obtain the coordinates of a single coarse root and analyze the influence of root direction on the hyperbola of coarse root through a symmetry curve and relative error (RE). Based on GPR datasets from the simulation experiment, the controlled experiment evaluated feasibility and effectiveness of the simulation experiment. To demonstrate the effect of the root orientation, the algorithm was applied to in situ recognition of the Summer Palace. The results showed that the localization of root orientation was relatively accurate. However, the proposed algorithm was unable to implement automatic detection, and the results still required human intervention. This research provides a solid basis for the biomass measurement, diameter estimation, and especially the three-dimensional reconstruction of ancient and famous trees.
Self-Associated Atomic Groups in Ga–Sn Liquid Alloys
Authors: Bilyk R. , Mudry S.
Published: May 2021

The structures of a liquid eutectic alloy and one corresponding to the near-equatomic concentration in the phase diagram are investigated at different temperatures. The structure factors and pair correlation functions have been analyzed and interpreted. The temperature dependences of main structure parameters determined from these functions allowed us to suppose that the atomic distribution in both alloys is characterized by a tendency to the interaction of like-kind atoms. In addition, the structure data and the results on the density and surface tension are analyzed as well.
Improving Delayed Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Otitis Media
Authors: Frost Holly M. , Monti Jennifer D. , Andersen Leisha M. , Norlin Chuck , Bizune Destani J. , Fleming-Dutra Katherine E. , Czaja Christopher A.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most-common indication for antibiotics in children. Delayed antibiotic prescribing for AOM can significantly reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for select children. We sought to improve delayed prescribing for AOM across 8 outpatient pediatric practices in Colorado.

METHODS:

Through a collaborative initiative with American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we implemented an economical 6-month antimicrobial stewardship intervention that included education, audit and feedback, online resources, and content expertise. Practices used The Model for Improvement and plan-do-study-act cycles to improve delayed antibiotic prescribing. Generalized estimating equations were used to generate relative risk ratios (RRRs) for outcomes at the intervention end and 3- and 6-months postintervention. Practice surveys were evaluated.

RESULTS:

In total, 69 clinicians at 8 practice sites implemented 27 plan-do-study-act cycles. Practices varied by size (range: 6–37 providers), payer type, and geographic setting. The rate of delayed antibiotic prescribing increased from 2% at baseline to 21% at intervention end (RRR: 8.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.68–17.17). Five practices submitted postintervention data. The rate of delayed prescribing at 3 months and 6 months postintervention remained significantly higher than baseline (3 months postintervention, RRR: 8.46; 95% CI: 4.18–17.11; 6 months postintervention, RRR: 6.69; 95% CI: 3.53–12.65) and did not differ from intervention end (3 months postintervention, RRR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.62–2.05; 6-months postintervention, RRR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.53–1.49).

CONCLUSIONS:

Baseline rate of delayed prescribing was low. A low-cost intervention resulted in a significant and sustained increase in delayed antibiotic prescribing across a diversity of settings.
Digital Health: Implications for Heart Failure Management
Authors: Singhal Arvind , Cowie Martin R
Published: May 2021

Digital health encompasses the use of information and communications technology and the use of advanced computing sciences in healthcare. This review covers the application of digital health in heart failure patients, focusing on teleconsultation, remote monitoring and apps and wearables, looking at how these technologies can be used to support care and improve outcomes. Interest in and use of these technologies, particularly teleconsultation, have been accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Remote monitoring of heart failure patients, to identify those patients at high risk of hospitalisation and to support clinical stability, has been studied with mixed results. Remote monitoring of pulmonary artery pressure has a consistent effect on reducing hospitalisation rates for patients with moderately severe symptoms and multiparameter monitoring shows promise for the future. Wearable devices and apps are increasingly used by patients for health and lifestyle support. Some wearable technologies have shown promise in AF detection, and others may be useful in supporting self-care and guiding prognosis, but more evidence is required to guide their optimal use. Support for patients and clinicians wishing to use these technologies is important, along with consideration of data validity and privacy and appropriate recording of decision-making.
Dr. Rodolfo Herrera Jiménez, maestro de ingenieros: Una breve semblanza
Authors: Hidalgo Leiva Diego A.
Published: May 2021

El 17 de noviembre del 2018 falleció el Dr. Rodolfo Herrera Jiménez, quién será recordado por su calidad humana, su visión y sus aportes tanto a la academia universitaria como a la práctica de la ingeniería estructural y sísmica de Costa Rica. El pasado 10 de julio del 2019, la Comisión Permanente del Código Sísmico de Costa Rica realizó un homenaje póstumo al Doctor Herrera, donde participaron miembros y exmiembros del Código Sísmico de Costa Rica, compañeros de la Universidad de Costa Rica, su esposa y sus hijos. El comité editorial de esta revista ha considerado importante documentar parte de las intervenciones realizadas ese día en combinación con remembranzas de personas allegadas al Dr. Herrera.
A falência seletiva do Plano Diretor de Fortaleza
Authors: Capasso Marcelo Mota , Pequeno Renato
Published: May 2021

Resumo Fortaleza aprovou seu Plano Diretor Participativo (PDP) em 2009 orientado a uma agenda urbana progressista. Mas uma década de vigência deixou evidente a retomada da agenda urbana pelo setor imobiliário: alterações ao plano potencializaram vantagens para a construção civil em áreas estratégicas à captura da valorização do solo, especialmente onde há interesse privado na verticalização, ao passo que se inviabilizaram avanços na inclusão territorial e proteção do patrimônio cultural edificado. A falência seletiva do PDP remonta às contradições de sua implementação, apoiada em novas regulações mercantilizadoras do espaço urbano. Dessa forma, apresentamos as estratégias do novo ajuste do marco regulatório do planejamento às demandas do capital imobiliário, utilizando a categoria “deregulated regulation” proposta por Aalbers (2016).
Feasibility study on operational use of neural networks in a flash flood early warning system
Authors: Lima Glauston Roberto Teixeira de , Scofield Graziela Balda
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Issuing early and accurate warnings for flash floods is a challenge when the rains that deflagrate these natural hazards occur on very short space-time scales. This article reports a case study in which a neural network-based hydrological model is designed to forecast one hour in advance if the water level in a small mountain watershed with short time to peak, situated in the city of Campos do Jordão in Brazil, will exceed its attention quota. This model can be a powerful auxiliary tool in a flash flood early warning system, since with it decision-making becomes semi-automated, making it possible to improve the warnings advance-accuracy tradeoff. A deep-learning neural network using Exponential Linear Unit activation functions was designed based on 3-years rainfall and water level data from 11 hydrometeorological stations of the National Centre for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters. In the training of the neural network, two combinations of input variables were tested. The tuples in the test set were classified through voting with 60 classifiers. The first results obtained in Matlab environment with high percentages of true positives indicate that it is feasible to use the neural model operationally.
Modos sensíveis de criação infantil: uma inflexão no processo de medicalização dos cuidados com crianças
Authors: Hernandez Alessandra , Víctora Ceres
Published: May 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os discursos e as práticas relacionados aos modos sensíveis de criação infantil e sua articulação com a medicalização dos cuidados com crianças, entendida como um processo pelo qual problemas não médicos passam a ser definidos e tratados como problemas médicos. Esse conjunto variado de práticas de cuidado emerge da crítica à medicalização da infância, sobretudo, aos preceitos cientificistas que regem o exercício de uma “maternidade científica”, visto por seus praticantes como um retorno ao “natural” e “tradicional”. Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão baseada em pesquisa etnográfica desenvolvida em Porto Alegre/RS, Brasil. A partir das principais controvérsias estabelecidas em torno do choro infantil, argumenta-se que os modos sensíveis de criação infantil, apesar do que as críticas formuladas por seus praticantes levam a pensar, estão mais próximos de certos valores ocidentais modernos e tributários do Romantismo. Conclui-se que esse estilo de criação infantil, mais do que um retorno ao “natural” ou uma desmedicalização, constitui uma inflexão contemporânea no processo de medicalização dos cuidados com crianças.
Botanical insecticide formulation with neem oil and D-limonene for coffee borer control
Authors: Siquieroli Ana Carolina Silva , Andaló Vanessa , Duarte Jéssyca Gonçalves , Sousa Raquel Maria Ferreira de , Felisbino John Kenedy Rodrigues Pereira , Silva Gleidson Caetano da
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of a botanical formulation with neem (Azadirachta indica) oil and D-limonene for the control of Hypothenemus hampei, as well as to determine the fatty acid composition of neem oil. Ninety-five percent neem oil was extracted from cold-pressed A. indica seeds, and D-limonene, from citrus peel. Humic extract (organic carbon), potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur were included as additives. The analysis of neem oil by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry showed that linoleic acid (49.28%) is the main fatty acid in its composition. Field tests were carried out on 'Topázio MG 1190' coffee (Coffea arabica) trees, with four applications of the formulated compound every 20 days for a period of 64 days. For the evaluation of insecticidal activity, the botanical formulation was applied to filter paper or topically on the insect’s dorsal side, showing a mortality of 63.34 and 100% after 48 hours, respectively. In the field, insecticidal activity caused a 62.4% reduction in the incidence of the H. hampei population, when compared with the control. The evaluated botanical formulation is efficient in controlling H. hampei in coffee plants.
Potassium application for sugarcane in a sandy loam Oxisol of the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Rodrigues Alvaro do Nascimento , Carneiro Leandro Flávio , Carneiro Daniella Nogueira Moraes , Timossi Paulo César , Rein Thomaz Adolpho , Santos Junior João de Deus Gomes dos
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate rates and methods of potassium application for plant cane (Saccharum spp.) grown in a dystrophic Typic Haplustox with a sandy loam texture in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Aporé, in the state of Goiás, using the RB92579 sugarcane variety. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks, with three replicates, in a 5x3 factorial arrangement, with five potassium rates (0, 60, 110, 160, and 200 kg ha-1 K2O as potassium chloride) and three application methods (100% at the bottom of the planting furrow and covered with soil, 100% side-dressed on the sugarcane rows 60 days after planting, and 50% in the planting furrow and 50% side-dressed). The amount of potassium in the stalks in the control treatment was greater than that of the potassium stock extractable by Mehlich-1 in the 0-60 cm soil layer. Stalk and sugar yields increase linearly with potassium rates, approximately 20% with 200 kg ha-1 K2O compared with the control treatment (without potassium). Potassium content in stalks also increases with potassium rates. There is no significant effect of the potassium application methods on stalk and sugar yields and on cane quality variables.
β-lactam resistance in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolated from subclinical goat mastites
Authors: Lucas Amanda Pereira , Silva Elizabete Cristina da , Farias Andriele Renata Barbosa de , Albuquerque Maria Priscilla Borges de , Lopes Luciana Florêncio Vilaça , Barbosa Severino Benone Paes , Batista Ângela Maria Vieira , Mendonça Marcelo , Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Boechat Jorge Ubirajara Dias , Silva Elizabete Rodrigues da
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antimicrobials in 251 strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) isolated from subclinical goat mastitis, as well as to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the nitrocefin and disk diffusion methods to detect penicillin resistance, in comparison with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The isolates were evaluated for the presence of the blaZ and mecA genes, β-lactamase production, and susceptibility to penicillin. Of the total isolates, 228 (91%) carried the blaZ gene and, among these, 144 (63%) were positive for β-lactamase production. Resistance to penicillin was observed in 125 of the isolates, of which 96.8% carried the blaZ gene. The sensitivity of the phenotypic methods to detect β-lactamase production was low, but their specificity was high; the Kappa coefficient showed a poor agreement between the phenotypic methods and PCR. The mecA gene was detected in only 3% of the isolates, which were identified as belonging to the species: S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus, S. caprae, S. warneri, S. sciuri, S. simulans, and S. cohnii subsp. urealyticum. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus are important mastitis-causing pathogens in goat and harbor the blaZ and mecA genes related to resistance to β-lactam antimicrobials. The sensitivity of the nitrocefin and disk diffusion methods to detect penicillin resistance is low in relation to that of PCR.
Enzymatic association in the diets of laying hens raised in an alternative cage-free system
Authors: Silva Valquíria Sousa , Rodrigues Kênia Ferreira , Krabbe Everton Luis , Vaz Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira , Ávila Valdir Silveira de , Contreira Cristiele Lange
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of enzyme combinations in diets, with different nutritional uplift matrices, for hens raised in an alternative cage-free system. The experiment was carried out with 800 Isa Brown laying hens aged 24-30 weeks, distributed in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, with two combinations of enzymes (phytase and xylanase) and two nutritional matrices (conventional and overvalued uplifts). The treatments were: T1, phytase (450 FTU per kilogram) + xylanase (12,000 BXU per kilogram), using matrix I (100 Kcal kg-1 apparent metabolizable energy, 0.16% calcium, 0.15% available phosphorus, 0.03 sodium, and 0.02% digestible lysine); T2, phytase (1,500 FTU per kilogram) and matrix I; T3, phytase (450 FTU per kilogram) + xylanase (12,000 BXU per kilogram), using matrix II (120 Kcal kg-1 apparent metabolizable energy, 0.22% calcium, 0.20% available phosphorus, 0.04% sodium, and 0.05% digestible lysine); and T4, phytase (1,500 FTU per kilogram) and matrix II. Productive performance variables and external and internal egg quality were analyzed. The use of phytase or of the phytase + xylanase combination, independently of the nutritional matrix used, met the nutrient requirements of the animals and maintained their productive performance. However, the combination phytase + xylanase and the adoption of matrix I was more efficient.
Apoio matricial em saúde mental infantojuvenil na Atenção Primária à Saúde: pesquisa intervenção socioclínica institucional
Authors: Oliveira Poliana Silva de , Santana Fabiana Ribeiro , Gatto Júnior José Renato , Santos Karen da Silva , Araujo Priscila Norié de , Fortuna Cinira Magali
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o apoio matricial para equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família em relação à Saúde Mental em Crianças e Adolescentes. Método Pesquisa-intervenção de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada pelo referencial da Análise Institucional, a socioclínica, realizada com dezoito trabalhadores de saúde de duas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família e do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de um município de pequeno porte, localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo, por meio de onze encontros de reflexão. Resultados Foram apresentados a partir dos temas: A dinâmica das relações no território da ESF; O apoio matricial como dispositivo tecnológico: desvelando práticas instituídas. Posteriormente, foi realizada a discussão dos resultados a partir dos princípios da Socioclínica Institucional. Conclusão O apoio matricial em saúde mental infantojuvenil, pautado no referencial da Socioclínica Institucional, favoreceu a desterritorialização dos profissionais, revelando como se dá o cuidado em saúde mental para crianças e adolescentes e os atravessamentos que ocorrem na produção desse cuidado, assim como possíveis caminhos a serem trilhados para aprimorar as ações de saúde.
Height Estimation using Arm Span as a Proxy among Ghanaians
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Tetteh Joshua , Darko Nancy Darkoa ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Abaidoo Chrissie Stansie ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Diby Thomas ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Published: May 2021

Height is an important anthropometric tool and most popular characteristic parameter employed in human identification. However, body height cannot always be ascertained by direct measurement due to various deformities of the extremities in patients with injuries. There is accumulating evidence to demonstrate the use of arm span measurements in the estimation of height but there is very little information on the use of arm span measurements in Ghana. Therefore, this study sought to determine the relationship between height, arm span and sex as well as the correlational efficiency of using arm span as a surrogate for height. This cross-sectional study recruited 716 participants [328 males and 388 females] aged 18 to 30 years. Ethical approval and informed participant consent were sought. Male participants were taller and had wider arm span than the females with a statistically significant value [p < 0.001]. The results also showed that, the mean arm span measurement was higher than the mean height measurement with values of males [arm span: 180.57 cm; height: 170.79 cm] and females [arm span: 168.60 cm; height: 161.19 cm]. There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation [p < 0.001] between the arm span and height in the male, female and pooled sample with “r” values of 0.815, 0.788 and 0.873 respectively. Sex-specific equations to predict height from arm span measurements among Ghanaians were established. This study has developed sex specific equations to predict height from arm span measurements and has proved that arm span can effectively predict height using regression equations. KEY WORDS: Height, Arm Span, Ghana, Identification, Forensic, Anthropometry.
LC-MS/MS quantitation of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and C-peptide v1
Authors: J. Donohue Matthew , T. Filla Robert , J. Steyer Daniel , J. Eaton Wesley , G. Roper Michael
Published: May 2021

An LC-MS method using multiple reaction monitoring for quantitation of insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, and somatostatin secretion from human islet populations is described. A 5 min separation was developed using a 2.1 × 30 mm (i.d. x length) C18 column. The method was used to measure secretions from static incubations of human islets from 2 donors. Insulin and C-peptide matched well with reported values of these hormones.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON THE TETERIV RIVER BY NUTRIENTS AND ORGANIC SUBSTANCES
Authors: Ukhan O.O , Osadcha N.N.
Published: May 2021

Human economic activities carried out within river basins often lead to the deterioration of the general condition of water bodies.

The main danger of excessive amounts of organic substances is the consumption of oxygen dissolved in water for their oxidation. As a result, conditions of oxygen deficiency occur in polluted waters until hypoxia processes. It leads to significant disruptions of biological groups, including the death of certain species. The entry of nutrients into surface water is the driving force of eutrophication. As a result, it leads to increasing in primary production and accumulation of organic substances in the water object. Phosphorus and nitrogen compounds play a dominant role among nutrients.
According to the nature of the inflow of substances, point sources and diffuse sources are distinguished. The first one includes stationary water discharges. The second are represented by runoff from rural settlements and runoff from agricultural lands and built-up areas.
The main ways of supply of biogenic elements and organic substances to the Teteriv basin are presented in the article.
As point sources, the loads from communal services and industrial enterprises were determined separately. According to the reporting data of 2-TP Vodhosp, there are 13 industrial enterprises and 22 communal enterprises, the wastewater of which enters the Teteriv River.
To analyze the diffuse inflow of nutrients the main ways of their inflow were used- from precipitation, water runoff from different types of cover (arable land, forests, meadows and pastures, settlements, rock outcrops, water surface), from the rural population.
The Teteriv river is a right tributary of the Dnipro and the main source of water intake and drainage of municipal and industrial wastewater in Ukrainian Polissya. Zhytomyr city agglomeration with a total population of 587.2 thousand pers. with cities of regional significance Zhytomyr and Berdychiv are within the basin of the Teteriv. Reservoirs built in the basin create the necessary water reserves for the needs of the population and other facilities.
It has been shown that among the point sources the main pollution is caused by the urban population. Significant pollution of the Teteriv River with organic substances and nutrients is caused by KP Zhytomyrvodokanal and Banknote Paper Factory (Malyn city).
It is revealed that the main source of organic compounds is the households mostly of the rural population, which are not equipped with sewage. For nitrogen and phosphorus, the main source of emissions is an arable land.
THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL VALUES IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF A MEDICAL WORKER
Authors: Krytskyi Oleh
Published: May 2021

The article presents a philosophical analysis of the role of spiritual values in the professional activity of a medical worker. It is noted that in the modern conditions of civilizational development there are new challenges that actualize the problem of the value dimension of human activity. This is primarily due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), which spread almost worldwide during the year. As a result of the intense spread of coronavirus disease around the globe, medical workers today find themselves in extremely difficult or even extreme working conditions. In addition, in some countries this category of workers does not have adequate financial and social guarantees. As a result, there is a problem of value measurement of professional activity of medical workers. The essence of this problem is the contradictory relationship between the state (government), society and medical workers, where the effectiveness of the latter is considered on the basis of its compliance with moral, legal and other social requirements, without taking into account the needs, interests and desires of health workers.
It is stated that the formation of a professional medical worker should necessarily be aimed at the development of a spiritually rich, value-oriented personality, which is conscientious, strong-willed, responsible, competent, persistent, purposeful; uses trust, duty, self-improvement, rational use of its own essential forces, living space, constantly improves the forms and types of activities, cultivates a careful attitude to all forms of life.
Marketing Capabilities Model for Pharmaceutical Business in Thailand
Authors: Napassorn Kerdpitak Chayanan Kerdpitak,
Published: May 2021

There are few studies in the past which have worked on evaluating the capability of the marketing teams as the means of generating an effective strategy in terms of competiveness in the market and creation of advantage that is held by a firm in the market. However, the aim behind conducting this research is to find an effective mechanism or formula to have better performance in the export field, internationalization success, and marketing communication mainly by analyzing the role that is played by the marketing capabilities. Moreover, the researcher has mapped the relationship which exists between the capabilities and communication with the mediating impact of competitive strategy has also been evaluated in this research paper. The population of this study was the employees of different pharmaceutical firms of Thailand, and the sample was 300 entrepreneur of pharmaceutical business. The results and findings show that the impact of marketing capabilities has been favorable to enhance the export performance of the sector. Furthermore, the findings also indicate that the mediating variable of competitive strategy also positively mediates the relationship that exists between the variables of marketing capabilities and marketing communication. This study has significant implications on MC and export performance.
Traditional Criminal Law Existence in the Settlement of Criminal Action in the Environmental Field in Indonesia
Authors: Bambang Hartono Mohamad Syarhan, Nyoman Serikat Putra Jaya,
Published: May 2021

Many cases of environmental pollution and illegal logging have caused alarming damage to the environment. In the Law regarding Environmental Protection and Management, tools to protect the environment have been regulated. One of which is the application of criminal sanctions, but in Indonesia, some laws live in society, one of which is customary criminal law which can also solve criminal acts in the environmental sector. This research aims to analyze the existence of customary criminal law in the settlement of crimes in the environmental sector. This research is legal research with normative juridical research. The results of this study will be presented in descriptive form. The results showed that Hulsman said the criminal justice system had caused suffering because it could not work according to its objectives and did not carry out the principle of accountability. This judicial system had innate defects. In settlement of criminal acts in the environmental sector, examples of customary criminal law are the settlement of fish poisoning cases committed by some Paya Village Village residents. They use fish poison from plants (tuba), Lannet in the form of flour, Bistox in liquid, and Decis, which is liquid.
Development and Validation of the Mathematics Test for Tenth Grade Jordanian Students, According to the Partial Credit Model
Authors: Et al. Anwar Bani Hani
Published: May 2021

The study aimed at developing and validating the mathematics test for 10th –grade students according to the Rasch partial credit model (PCM) by using the descriptive approach as it is appropriate for the study aims. To achieve the study's objective, what constructed the essay type test consisted of 25 items based on the (IRT) according to the Rasch PCM. what conducted the first administration of the test to verify the validity and reliability of the test. To verify the "face validity" of the test's objectives, they were presented to a group of 12 arbitrators who work as teachers and educational supervisors. They found that the contents are representative of the level of the goal, which is pursuing in theory. The empirical reliability was calculated for the test, where the value of person reliability reached 0.91. Moreover, the items reached 0.93. The study population consisted of all 10th-grade students at the schools belonging to the “Directorate of Education of Irbid District,” whose numbers were 7365, represented by 3612 male students, and 3753 female students. According to the class regarding their sex (gender), a sample according to a cluster as the test unit was the class section. The sample size of the study was 250 male and female students. According to the PCM, this study's findings have brought several issues concerning the mathematics subject achievement by verifying the tests and reliability and accomplishing the IRT's suppositions.
Evaluating the Quality Of E-Courses from The Students Perception and E-course Quality Evaluation Metrics (DAU- EQEM) at Dar Al Uloom University
Authors: Evan Asfoura Mohammad Samir Abdel-Haq,
Published: May 2021

E-learning and e-courses have received great practical and research interest during the previous years. Recently, there has been a growing interest in increasing efficiency and adherence to quality standards for e-learning and e-courses. With the restrictions imposed by the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the shift to reliance on e-learning and e-courses, this has increased the interest of higher education institutions, especially in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Dar Al-Uloom University has developed a framework to ensure the quality of electronic and electronic learning courses DAU-EQEM The framework consists of eight standards, And that was applied through this study on 272 electronic courses distributed over three colleges in addition to the university preparation program at Dar Al Uloom University. To verify the evaluation results, the evaluation results were matched with the results of a survey of students' perception at the university about the quality of e-courses. The questionnaire consists of 5 themes and 25 items. The results showed a great convergence in the results of the evaluation tools used to verify the quality of electronic courses at Dar Al Uloom University. The results also showed an advanced level of quality of e-courses at Dar Al Uloom University, with the need to develop plans to ensure continuous improvement and raise the level of performance related to the e-learning system and its e-courses.
A Novel Deep Learning Pipeline Architecture based on CNN to Detect Covid-19 in Chest X-ray Images
Authors: Laith Abualigah Putra Sumari, Saqib Jamal Syed,
Published: May 2021

Covid-19 is a severe public health problem worldwide. To date, it has spanned worldwide, with 24.6 million infected with 835,843 confirm the death. Covid-19 detection is indeed an important task and has to be done as quickly as possible so that treatment and monitoring can be carried out early. The current world standard RT-PCR screening for Covid-19 detection has to cope with the world population's great demand. There is a need to have an alternative way to cope with the demands. It has to be a quick and accurate detection procedure, such as using a chest x-ray for Covid-19 detection. This paper proposes a deep learning pipeline architecture called Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix GLCM) with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Covid-19 detection using chest X-ray image. The proposed method has two main diagnosis features, a quicker diagnosis, and a detailed diagnosis. The quicker diagnosis uses few GLCM features and a standard neural network (NN) algorithm to detect Covid-19 symptoms. It is a suitable method for rural areas where computing resources are minimal. The detailed diagnosis uses huge image pixel features and a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm to detect Covid-19 symptoms. It is a suitable method for places where computing resources are sufficient. The proposed work provides the highest classification performance, with 97.06% accuracy compared to other similar works.
Elimination and Backward Selection of Features (P-Value Technique) In Prediction of Heart Disease by Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Saurabh Pal Ritu Aggrawal,
Published: May 2021

Background: Early speculation of cardiovascular disease can help determine the lifestyle change options of high-risk patients, thereby reducing difficulties. We propose a coronary heart disease data set analysis technique to predict people’s risk of danger based on people’s clinically determined history. The methods introduced may be integrated into multiple uses, such for developing decision support system, developing a risk management network, and help for experts and clinical staff.

Methods: We employed the Framingham Heart study dataset, which is publicly available Kaggle, to train several machine learning classifiers such as logistic regression (LR), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and gradient boosting classifier (GBC) for disease prediction. The p-value method has been used for feature elimination, and the selected features have been incorporated for further prediction. Various thresholds are used with different classifiers to make predictions. In order to estimating the precision of the classifiers, ROC curve, confusion matrix and AUC value are considered for model verification. The performance of the six classifiers is used for comparison to predict chronic heart disease (CHD).

Results: After applying the p-value backward elimination statistical method on the 10-year CHD data set, 6 significant features were selected from 14 features with p <0.5. In the performance of machine learning classifiers, GBC has the highest accuracy score, which is 87.61%.

Conclusions: Statistical methods, such as the combination of p-value backward elimination method and machine learning classifiers, thereby improving the accuracy of the classifier and shortening the running time of the machine.
Performance of Educational Assessments: Integrated Assessment as an Assessment Innovation during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Eko Handoyo, Ali Masyhar Kamaludin, Joko Widodo,
Published: May 2021

This research aims to find a theoretical concept of assessment for students during the Covid-19 pandemic as a follow-up step for assessment activities in obtaining the validity of assessment results. The research method used is qualitative research methods and conducted on ten Public Elementary School Principals with at least 5 years of teaching experience. The purposive sampling method was used to determine the informants. Here focuses on Analyzing the assessment process and the student learning outcomes process through online learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection techniques, in this study, are observation, interviews, and documentation. To obtain data validity, this study uses triangulation of data collection techniques. The result of this study is an integrated assessment theory concept towards the students during the Covid-19 pandemic. The impact of this study provides a new breakthrough, because it provides a different perspective of assessment by integrating 3 perspectives in assessing student academic performance as well as collaborating their own function, namely the teacher's as an assessor of student cognitive competence, the student's as assessors of their own affective competence (self assessment), and the parents’ as assessors of students' psychomotor competencies. The further research can be carried out when the Covid-19 pandemic has ended so that it can provide a different view of the effectiveness of using integrated assessment as an assessment method which can be used sustainably in the future.
Remote Triggering of Icequakes at Mt. Erebus, Antarctica by Large Teleseismic Earthquakes
Authors: Li Chenyu , Peng Zhigang , Chaput Julien A. , Walter Jacob I. , Aster Richard C.
Published: May 2021

Recent studies have shown that the Antarctic cryosphere is sensitive to external disturbances such as tidal stresses or dynamic stresses from remote large earthquakes. In this study, we systematically examine evidence of remotely triggered microseismicity around Mount (Mt.) Erebus, an active high elevation stratovolcano located on Ross Island, Antarctica. We detect microearthquakes recorded by multiple stations from the Mt. Erebus Volcano Observatory Seismic Network one day before and after 43 large teleseismic earthquakes, and find that seven large earthquakes (including the 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule, Chile, and 2012 Mw 8.6 Indian Ocean events) triggered local seismicity on the volcano, with most triggered events occurring during the passage of the shorter-period Rayleigh waves. In addition, their waveforms and locations for the triggered events are different when comparing with seismic events arising from the persistent small-scale eruptions, but similar to other detected events before and after the mainshocks. Based on the waveform characteristics and their locations, we infer that these triggered events are likely shallow icequakes triggered by dilatational stress perturbations from teleseismic surface waves. We show that teleseismic earthquakes with higher peak dynamic stress changes are more capable of triggering icequakes at Mt. Erebus. We also find that the icequakes in this study are more likely to be triggered during the austral summer months. Our study motivates the continued monitoring of Mount Erebus with dense seismic instrumentation to better understand interactions between dynamic seismic triggering, crospheric processes, and volcanic activity.
Asociación entre gastos de bolsillo de salud y pobreza utilizando datos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares en Paraguay en el 2014
Authors: Giménez-Caballero Edgar , Flores Laura , Rodríguez José Carlos , Amarilla Marcelo , Britez Andrés , Peralta Néstor
Published: May 2021

La cobertura y acceso universal de salud requiere de protección financiera, lo que puede evaluarse a través del gasto de bolsillo ante una enfermedad. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la asociación entre el gasto de bolsillo de salud y la pobreza en Paraguay. Se utilizó la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares del 2014 para determinar la razón entre gasto de bolsillo ante una enfermedad con los ingresos del hogar, con las transferencias estatales para pobres, con la canasta básica de consumo y de alimentos. Fueron incluidos 5.165 hogares de los cuales 21,49% eran pobres. Hubo gasto de bolsillo en el 45,19% de los hogares asociándose significativamente con la pobreza (OR: 1,8; IC95%: 1,57 a 2,06). El 1,99% de los hogares tuvo gasto de bolsillo mayor a 25% de sus ingresos y el 5,98% mayor a 10% de sus ingresos, ambos indicadores se asociaron significativamente con la pobreza (OR: 3,70; IC95%: 2,50 a 5,50 y OR: 3,04; IC95%: 2,40 a 2,06, respectivamente). Hubo empobrecimiento en el 1,44% de los hogares, y la brecha de la pobreza pasó de 34,58% a 37,67%. Entre los hogares pobres el gasto de bolsillo fue equivalente a 4,9 días de consumo, a 11,5 días de alimentación y a 42% del valor de transferencias estatales. Estos hallazgos reflejan una insuficiente protección financiera del sistema de salud en Paraguay.
Frecuencia y características clinicopatológicas de mujeres obesas con cáncer de mama del Departamento de Oncología del Hospital de Clínicas
Authors: Toledo Justino , Denis Rita , Ortiz Galeano Ignacio
Published: May 2021

Ante el incremento de la obesidad en los últimos años, se observa un aumento no solo de factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, sino también de la incidencia de cáncer debido a su conocida participación en procesos de oncogénesis. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la frecuencia y las características clinicopatológicas de las mujeres obesas con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama del servicio de Oncología del Hospital de Clínicas. Diseño observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, que incluyó a pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama del Servicio de Oncología del Hospital de Clínicas desde enero de 2017 a junio de 2019. Se determinaron las variables demográficas, índice de masa corporal, subtipo histológico, presencia de receptores hormonales y sobreexpresión del oncogén HER 2neu. Se analizaron 144 sujetos, la media de edad fue 52±12,2 años, la procedencia más frecuente fue de ciudades del departamento central (54%). El 40,2% presentó obesidad y 36,8% sobrepeso al momento del diagnóstico. El subtipo histológico más frecuente hallado en las mujeres con sobrepeso y obesidad fue el carcinoma ductal (81,9%), presentaron receptores hormonales positivos a la inmunohistoquímica el 78,3% y sobreexpresión del oncogén HER 2 neu en 11,7%. La frecuencia de obesidad en mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama del servicio de Oncología del Hospital de Clínicas fue elevada. Las características anatomopatológicas más frecuente fue el carcinoma ductal infiltrante, los datos biológicos muestran a los receptores de estrógenos y/o progesterona en mayor medida y sobreexpresión del oncogén el HER 2 neu en la menor parte de los casos.
Caracterización de pacientes postoperados de cirugías electivas que ingresan a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de Clínicas
Authors: Delgado Walter , Alonso Raúl , Sala Christian , Vega Evanhy
Published: May 2021

El ingreso a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) de un paciente post operado es para optimizar el estado clínico corrigiendo trastornos relacionados con el estrés quirúrgico y las complicaciones intraoperatorias. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar los pacientes post operados que ingresaron a la UCI. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal en 163 pacientes post operados de cirugías electivas que ingresaron a UCI. La muestra representó el 4,6% de las cirugías electivas. El 94,5% fueron ingresos previstos y el 5,5% imprevistos. Dentro de los casos previstos (n=154), el 68% ingresaron estables y extubados para monitoreo, el 19% por inestabilidad hemodinámica y el 13% por imposibilidad de extubación. El promedio de días de internación en la UCI fue 4 ± 3 días. 7 pacientes fallecieron (4,3%). En conclusión, se encontró una alta frecuencia de ingresos previstos. La mayoría fueron para un monitoreo postoperatorio por la envergadura de la cirugía o por las comorbilidades del paciente. La mayoría de los pacientes ingresaron hemodinámicamente estables y extubados. Los servicios que más ingresos requirieron fueron Cirugía General y Neurocirugía. El tiempo promedio de internación fue 4 días. La mortalidad fue 4,3%.
Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Different Extracts From Bark of Pinus spp. grown in Giresun (Turkey) Province – Phenolic analysis by RP-HPLC-DAD
Authors: AKTAŞ KARAÇELİK Ayça , ŞEKER Mehmet Emin , KARAKÖSE Mustafa
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to investigate the phenolic compounds, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities of Pinus sylvestris L. var hamata Steven, Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. pinaster, and Pinus pinea L. bark extracts prepared with hot water. The phenolic composition and total phenolic content (TPC) of extracts were determined by Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (RP-HPLC-DAD) and Folin–Ciocâlteu method, respectively. The antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging and ferric ion (III) reducing / antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Besides, the highest total phenolic content was detected in P. pinea bark extract [984.46±4.08 μg mL-1 gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 1163.33±4.04 μg mL-1 catechin equivalent (CE)] and the lowest result was detected in P. sylvestris bark extract (361.53±3.52 μg mL-1 GAE and 427.26±4.17 μg mL-1 CE). Among the tested materials, the most abundant phenolic compounds in P. pinea bark extract were catechin (3.586±0.114 mg g-1) and taxifolin (1.866±0.096 mg g-1). According to the antioxidant results, P. pinea bark extract exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity than standard BHT and Trolox [SC50: 1.64310±0.00003 µg mL-1 for DPPH and 1428.75±5.62 µM Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) for FRAP]. The obtained results indicated that pine bark extracts can be used as an easily obtainable natural source of antioxidants for the food and pharmaceutical industry.