bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Organisasi-Organisasi Kemasyarakatan Islam dalam Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Hastuti Luthfiyah Trini , Harahap Burhanudin , Rianto Agus , Sulistyaningsih Nur
Published: August 2023

Discriminatory behavior experienced by persons with disabilities is still often encountered, one of which is access to job opportunities. The cause of the low access to work is due to the low access to education of persons with disabilities. This study aims to describe the role of Islamic Community Organizations in Surakarta City as a strategic entity partnering the government in solving problems experienced by people with disabilities. The theory used refers to the theory of Human Rights in the Islamic concept. In essence, Islam provides equality to all people in obtaining education, employment, and other rights which are summarized in the five basic needs. This research is a non-doctrinal legal research. The data used are the results of interviews conducted with the management of NU and Muhammadiyah in the city of Surakarta. Data analysis was carried out using material logic with an inductive syllogism. The results showed that the role of Islamic organizations NU and Muhammadiyah in Surakarta in the field of education has been realized. The inclusive education program through SMA Muhammadiyah 6 Surakarta and inclusive madrasah which are currently managed by Islamic organizations are trying to improve the quality of life for people with disabilities. Another role that can be carried out is in the field of religion by providing worship facilities and developing fiqh with disabilities. In the field of economic empowerment, Islamic organizations NU and Muhammadiyah have experience in managing social funds sourced from zakat, infaq, and shodaqoh. The management of community social funds can be expanded to provide benefits for persons with disabilities in the form of working capital assistance.
Establishment and validation of Lactate Metabolism-Related genes as a prognostic model for gastric cancer
Authors: Hu Jinyu , Xu Qinxuan , Pan Lei , Fei Yuchang
Published: August 2023

Gastric cancer has become a prominent research focus due to its role of
cancer-related deaths in the worldwide in recent years, especially for
advanced gastric cancer for which surgical resection is the only truly
effective treatment. However, patients with gastric cancer have a high
rate of postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, studying the
mechanisms of gastric cancer development and metastasis, finding
diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets has become a hot research
topic nowadays. Lactate has long been considered as a metabolic
byproduct of aerobic glycolysis in cancer, and an increasing number of
studies have shown that lactate can regulate tumor growth through
various mechanisms, such as cell cycle regulation, immunosuppression,
and energy metabolism. The recent discovery of lactic acidification has
attracted much attention and has become one of the hot topics in the
field of cancer. Yet, the roles of lactate metabolism-related genes
(LMRs) in gastric cancer remains unknown. Accordingly, we aimed to
develop a unique lactate-related signal to predict the prognosis of
gastric cancer patients, and such LMRs could guide clinicians to make
more precise and personalized treatments for gastric cancer patients.
Leveraging Ponzi-like Designs in Stablecoins
Authors: Wang Qin , Fu Shange , Yu Jiangshan , Chen Shiping
Published: August 2023

Stablecoin is a medium of exchange with stable value in the world of
decentralized finance (DeFi). In which, algorithmic stablecoins are one
special type of stablecoins that are not backed by any asset. They stand
to revolutionize the way a sovereign fiat operates. As implemented,
algorithmic stablecoins are poorly stabilized in most cases; their
prices easily deviate from the target or even fall into a catastrophic
collapse, and are as a result often dismissed as a Ponzi scheme.
However, what is the essence of Ponzi? In this paper, we try to clarify
such a deceptive concept and reveal how algorithmic stablecoins work
from a higher level. We find that Ponzi is basically a financial
protocol that pays existing investors with funds collected from new
ones. Running a Ponzi, however, does not necessarily imply that any
participant is in any sense losing out, as long as the game can be
perpetually rolled over. Economists call such realization as a
rational Ponzi game. We thereby propose a rational model in the
context of algorithmic stablecoins and draw its holding conditions. We
apply the model to examine: whether or not the algorithmic
stablecoin is a rational Ponzi game. Accordingly, we discuss two types
of algorithmic stablecoins (Rebase & Seigniorage Shares) and dig into
the historical market performance of a number of impactful projects to
demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.
β-Sitosterol Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth and Metastasis via FOXM1-Regulated Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Chen Yuankun , Yang Yijun , Wang Nengyi , Liu Rui , Wu Qiuping , Pei Hua , Li Wenting
Published: August 2023

Background and Purpose: β-Sitosterol is a natural compound with
demonstrated anti-cancer properties against various cancers. However,
its effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying
mechanisms are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the
impact of β-sitosterol on HCC tumor growth and metastasis and identify
potential targets for the treatment of HCC. Experimental Approach: We
investigated the effects of β-sitosterol on HCC tumor growth and
metastasis using a xenograft mouse model and a range of molecular
analyses, including bioinformatics, real-time PCR, western blotting,
lentivirus transfection, CCK8, scratch, and Transwell assays. Key
Results: β-Sitosterol significantly inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation,
migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics
analysis identifies forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) as a potential target for
β-sitosterol in HCC treatment. FOXM1 is upregulated in HCC tissues and
cell lines, correlating with poor prognosis in patients. β-sitosterol
downregulates FOXM1 expression in vitro and in vivo. FOXM1
overexpression mitigates β-sitosterol’s inhibitory effects on HepG2
cells. Additionally, β-sitosterol suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal
Transition (EMT) in HepG2 cells, while FOXM1 overexpression promotes
EMT. Mechanistically, β-sitosterol inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling by
downregulating FOXM1, regulating target gene transcription related to
HepG2 cell proliferation and metastasis. Conclusions & Implications:
β-Sitosterol shows promising potential as a therapeutic candidate for
inhibiting HCC growth and metastasis through FOXM1 downregulation and
Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibition.
Pericardial Window for Acute Pericarditis After Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Avci Bartu , Williams Timothy
Published: August 2023

Acute pericarditis following percutaneous interventional procedures is
relatively common. Moreover, cardiac ablation procedures pose an
increased risk for the development of acute pericarditis, as they
directly target sections of the myocardium. Rarely surgical
interventions are indicated in cases of acute pericarditis. Here we
present a case of a 61-year-old male presented with excruciating chest
pain post-RF ablation for atrial fibrillation. Ct scan showed a moderate
amount of pericardial fluid. The patient was diagnosed with pericarditis
and successfully treated with a pericardial window. The patient improved
clinically and demonstrated increased left ventricular ejection fraction
following recovery after the pericardial window. This case demonstrates
the potential value and risks of the pericardial window for post-RF
ablation pericarditis, complicated with pericardial fluid.
Microbiome community composition and zoonotic bacterial pathogen prevalence in synanthropic Peromyscus mice
Authors: Mistrick Janine , Kipp Evan , Weinberg Sarah , Adams Collin , Larsen Peter , Craft Meggan
Published: August 2023

Rodents are key reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens and play an important
role in disease transmission to humans. Importantly, anthropogenic
land-use change has been found to increase the abundance of synanthropic
rodents, particularly rodent reservoirs of zoonotic disease.
Anthropogenic environments also affect the microbiome of synanthropic
wildlife, influencing wildlife health and potentially introducing novel
pathogens. Our objective was to characterize the microbiome and
investigate the prevalence of zoonotic bacterial pathogens in
synanthropic rodents in native and anthropogenic environments to better
understand their role in pathogen maintenance and transmission. We
sampled wild Peromyscus mice in agricultural and undeveloped landscapes
and forest and synanthropic habitat in Minnesota, USA and conducted 16S
amplicon sequencing using long-read Nanopore sequencing technology on
fecal samples to characterize the rodent microbiome. We compared
community composition and diversity between habitats and screened for
the presence of putative pathogenic bacteria species. Microbiome
community composition differed significantly between agricultural and
undeveloped landscapes and forest and synanthropic habitat while
microbiome richness, diversity, and evenness were lower in
undeveloped-forest habitat compared to all other habitats. We detected
overall low abundance and diversity of putative pathogenic bacteria,
though the greatest number of pathogenic bacteria were detected in the
agricultural-forest habitat. Our findings show that rodent microbiome
community composition differs across landscapes and habitat types but
suggest that landscape-level anthropogenic factors may be most important
to predict zoonotic pathogen abundance. Ultimately, understanding how
anthropogenic land-use change and synanthropy affect rodent microbiomes
and pathogen prevalence is important to managing transmission of
rodent-borne zoonotic diseases to humans.
Microanalysis Techniques to Study Atmospheric Ice Nucleation and Ice Crystal Growth
Authors: Knopf Daniel A. , Knopf Daniel A
Published: August 2023

The prediction of how ice crystals form represents one of the great
conundrums in the atmospheric sciences with important implications for
the hydrological cycle and climate. Ice-nucleating particles (INPs),
typically consisting of sub-and supermicrometer-sized aerosol particles
which can be inorganic, organic, biogenic, or biological, initiate
heterogeneous ice nucleation processes leading to ice crystal formation.
Heterogeneous ice nucleation commences on the nanoscale at the substrate
surface and depends on ambient temperature and humidity. Microanalysis
techniques are uniquely suited to examine the physicochemical features
of the INPs under relevant atmospheric conditions thereby advancing our
understanding of the principal processes that promote ice nucleation. In
the atmosphere ice crystals experience growth and sublimation resulting
in complex microscopic morphologies which, in turn, impact the ice
crystal’s properties. This chapter provides an overview of microanalysis
techniques employed in either a multimodal or in situ manner, which shed
light on the atmospheric heterogeneous ice nucleation process and how
these techniques are applied to explore the complex morphologies of ice
crystals. The first section introduces the various atmospheric ice
nucleation pathways, provides a brief outline of the underlying
nucleation theory demonstrating that nucleation proceeds on the
nanoscale, and describes the different ice crystal habits of growth.
Section two provides an overview of the microanalysis techniques and
experiments to study INPs or ice-nucleating substrates including
multimodal instrument approaches followed by in situ ice nucleation
studies. Examples of techniques include Raman, atomic force, electron,
and X-ray microscopy with discussion of the techniques’ unique
capabilities to examine the physical and chemical properties of the
ice-nucleating substrate. The third section presents electron microscopy
studies of ice crystals during growth and sublimation displaying the
morphological complexities of ice crystals. Lastly, section four
discusses typical experimental requirements including sample sizes,
radiation effects, and the role of standard INPs.
Process modeling and kinetic estimation for desulfurization of diesel fuel using nano - ZnO/Al2O3
Authors: Humadi Jasim , Shihab Muayad , Ahmed Ghazwan , Ahmed Mustafa , Abdullah Zeyad , Sehgal Shankar
Published: August 2023

In the present paper, a gamma alumina (?-Al2O3) loaded zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-catalyst (ZnO/?-Al2O3) has been synthesized and used to accelerate the removal of sulfur compounds from light gas oil by oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process. The synthesized nano-catalysts have been characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The ODS process has been conducted in a batch reactor at various reaction temperatures and batch times varying between 30 to 90 ?C and 20 to 80 min, respectively. DBT removal was highest (93.781%) while using synthesized nano-catalyst (9% ZnO/?-Al2O3) at 90?C and 80 min reaction time. Based on the obtained experimental data, a new mathematical modeling technique was performed for the ODS operation under mild experimental conditions to evaluate the most appropriate kinetic variables for the newly synthesized nano-catalysts. Simulation results indicate a good match with experimental observations with less than 5% absolute average error for all runs. The optimization procedure of the process condition displays that > 98% DBT could be eliminated within 200 min, at 87 ?C, in the existence of synthesized nano-catalyst (9% ZnO/?-Al2O3).
The Influence of Increased Financial Flexibility on Small Accounting Firms' Public Audit Client Portfolios: Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program
Authors: Chen Yuzhou , Dearden Stuart M. , Seidel Timothy A.
Published: August 2023

In this study, we examine whether increased financial flexibility afforded by the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) affects small accounting firms’ public audit client portfolio decisions. We find some evidence suggesting that accounting firms receiving PPP loans exhibit greater public audit client selectivity. Specifically, accounting firms receiving PPP loans exhibit an increased likelihood of auditor switching and engage new clients that exhibit less financial and auditor business risk but greater potential for profitability relative to departing clients. Relative to both departing and continuing clients, new clients of firms receiving PPP loans exhibit some evidence of lower audit risk. Collectively, the results provide some evidence to suggest that the increased financial flexibility afforded through the PPP loans provided smaller accounting firms an opportunity to selectively manage their public audit client portfolio.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: M42; M48.
The Influence of Campaign Contribution Disclosure on Voter Support for Tax Initiatives: Evidence from Washington’s “Keep Groceries Affordable Act of 2018”
Authors: Barnes Beau Grant , Gramlich Jeffrey , Lee Jonathan E.
Published: August 2023

We examine the effect of campaign financial disclosures on support for Washington State Initiative 1634, a ballot initiative aimed at limiting tax increases on soda. In an experimental setting, we assess the effect of financial disclosures when paired with the actual textual arguments provided to Washington State voters and the effect of financial disclosures when paired with more complementary textual arguments. We find evidence that financial disclosures influence changes in voter support for the tax initiative. Specifically, our findings indicate that disclosing the top financial contributors “for” and “against” the initiative provides decision-relevant information to voters. Thus, policymakers should consider (1) making donor disclosures freely available in voter information guides, (2) eliminating special-interest group techniques that hide the sources of contributions, and (3) erring on the side of caution when constituents seek to remove ballot-related financial reporting requirements.
The Impact of Audit Committee Skepticism and Reward Power on Auditor Communications with the Audit Committee
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Ganesh , Wright Arnold , Wright Nicole S.
Published: August 2023

Auditing standards emphasize the importance of strong auditor communications with the audit committee to enhance financial reporting quality. This study examines the effects of audit committee skepticism and reward power, two pervasive audit committee characteristics, on auditor communications with the audit committee. Drawing on accountability theory, we predict and find that greater audit committee skepticism and reward power induce the auditor to communicate more information and report on a more timely basis. Seventy-nine audit partners and managers participated in an experiment where we manipulate between-subjects high or low audit committee skepticism (quantity of probing questions) and high or low reward power (exercising full authority to hire/compensate the auditor versus relying on management). Participants responded to a realistic case regarding an inventory obsolescence issue. A follow-up experiment with 30 participants indicates significant mediation for accountability. The findings underscore the importance of audit committee skepticism and reward power in enhancing auditor communications.
Partner-Track Aspirations in Public Accounting: Comparisons between Partners and Nonpartners
Authors: Barnes Beau Grant , Cussatt Marc , Dalton Derek W. , Harp Nancy L.
Published: August 2023

SYNOPSIS

Partner aspirations (i.e., an employee’s desire to make partner) benefit accounting firms by promoting succession planning and reducing unwanted employee turnover. Further, female partner aspirations are critical for firms striving to achieve gender equity at the partner level. Prior research has begun to examine partner aspirations (e.g., Jones and Iyer 2020); however, little is known about how partner and nonpartner attitudes and values differ regarding the benefits and sacrifices required of the partner track. We survey 224 public accounting professionals (101 partners and 123 nonpartners) to systematically compare partner and nonpartner attitudes and values. By identifying mismatches in perceptions between these two groups, our results direct firm leadership to specific issues most detrimental to partner aspirations. Our comparisons by gender provide further insight into specific issues that firms need to address to increase female partner aspirations.
Data Analytics for Undergraduate Tax Students: An Alteryx Case Study for MACRS Depreciation
Authors: Cheng Christine , Rhoades-Catanach Shelley , Watson Luke
Published: August 2023

The increasing use of data analytics in the accounting profession necessitates development of instructional cases that teach students how to use data analytics tools to solve common accounting problems. While there has been an emphasis on data analytics cases for graduate education, we recognized a need for such cases at the undergraduate level to prepare students for internships, careers, and graduate education. This case meets this important need by introducing Alteryx in a typical tax setting—the calculation of Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) depreciation. The learning objectives are to: (1) extend knowledge of data analytics; (2) develop skills using Alteryx to extract, transform, and load data; (3) demonstrate understanding of tax rules for computing depreciation; and (4) develop effective written communication skills.
Technology Agility Supported by a Growth Mindset: A New Requirement for Accounting Curricula
Authors: Baldwin Amelia Annette , Chiu Victoria , Liu Qi , Muehlmann Brigitte
Published: August 2023

Technology agility among accounting graduates and faculty is required by AACSB in Standard A5. Similarly, recent CPA exam changes call for emphasis on data analytics, digital acumen, and a strong foundation in technology in order to prepare new CPAs to deal with emerging technologies. This article provides a resource for accounting faculty and program leaders who are embracing technology agility. It explains the role of technology agility as a leading indicator of business agility and addresses the curricular components to which accounting educators are expected to apply it. The growth mindset in both faculty and students is discussed. The shared pedagogical concerns in information systems and data analytics disciplines are described. Design thinking is introduced as an approach to develop growth mindset, a creative thinking tool and a strategy follow. Faculty and academic unit leaders are encouraged to practice technology agility in accounting and to embrace it in all courses.
Driving and Inhibiting Factors for Implementing Audit Analytics in an Internal Audit Function
Authors: Ramadhan M. Gilang , Janssen Marijn , van der Voort Haiko
Published: August 2023

Internal audit function (IAF) effectiveness can be improved by embracing Audit Analytics (AA). However, despite its promises, AA implementation remains limited. Although there is research on AA implementation in general, there needs to be an overview of insight into inhibiting and driving factors for internal auditing. This paper examines those driving and inhibiting factors by exploring the literature on AA implementation. The initial search revealed 98 uniquely identified papers. Further filtering and the additional search returned 42 articles, which were analyzed in detail. The analysis resulted in 12 driving and 23 inhibiting factors, grouped into internal, regulation, data, infrastructure, and audit practice categories. The literature shows that IAF encounters multiple and intertwined factors in AA implementation and needs to anticipate those factors. Moreover, AA implementation affects IAF’s parts and stakeholders differently, requiring internal and external collaboration. Building on these insights, we provide recommendations for further research.

JEL Classifications: M42; M49; O32.
The Tales of a White-Collar Criminal: Can You Ever Ethically Recover?
Authors: Henderson Susan A. , Ryabova Tatyana S.
Published: August 2023

This case study presents guidelines on introducing real-world, white-collar fraud scenarios into the classroom by promoting critical thinking and utilizing three steps: identify, analyze, and conclude. This paper encourages educators to incorporate presentations from former white-collar criminals into classroom discussions. Our case study was tested by inviting our students to a presentation given by the former Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Enron, Mr. Andrew Fastow, about his white-collar crimes. Based on a voluntary survey provided to the students after completion, we found that case study drastically increased student interest in ethics. They reported gaining a new perspective and becoming more aware of ethical and unethical behaviors; they were better prepared to face ethical dilemmas in the future. This case can be adopted for any former white-collar criminal speaker.
Electronic Evidence: A Framework for Applying Digital Forensics to Data Base
Authors: Boumediene Salem , Boumediene Salma
Published: August 2023

Accounting data bases contain much information reflecting a company’s financial performance, clients, suppliers, and other relevant information about the company’s activities. Thus, attracting criminal activity is empowered by a wide range of new and evolving digital technologies. More interestingly, all of these electronic media create digital traces, providing useful information for the digital investigation process. As digital crime targeting millions of pieces of sensitive information from data bases is rising, specific expertise and an informed approach in data base forensics are required. This study suggests an enhanced meta-framework, named data base evidence finding investigation (DEFI), to investigate an accounting data base to detect tampering. DEFI offers more targeted and streamlined guidance for data base experts to perform investigations while preserving the digital evidence's integrity and leaving it unchanged. Using an example, we demonstrate that the proposed enhanced meta-framework can guide the detection of suspicious transactions in an accounting data base.
Do Employees Waive Financial Red Flags through the Glassdoor?
Authors: Dunham Lee M. , Garcia John , Grandstaff Jaime L. , Wei Sijing
Published: August 2023

We use Glassdoor employee rating measures to examine the relationship between employee perceptions about their employer and the employer’s level of financial distress, proxied by Bloomberg’s one-year default probability. Our results indicate that improvements (deterioration) in Glassdoor ratings reveal a decrease (increase) in the average firm’s level of financial distress. We also find that the relation between a firm’s level of financial distress and Glassdoor ratings is not uniform across all firms: the relation is stronger for small and mid-capitalization firms. By establishing a relationship between Glassdoor ratings and the level of financial distress, our study adds to the forensic accounting literature and shows that Glassdoor ratings can help auditors, regulators, investors, and market participants predict future concerns relating to financial distress. Our results suggest that employee perceptions provide an early warning for financial red flags, as the pressures from financial distress increase the risk of fraudulent behaviors.

Data Availability: On request.

JEL Classifications: G33; G41; M14; M41.
Financial Reporting Quality and Myopic Investments: Theory and Evidence
Authors: Geng Heng , Zhang Cheng , Zhou Frank S.
Published: August 2023

We present theory and empirical evidence that greater financial reporting quality can incentivize myopic investments. In the model, greater financial reporting quality increases investor response to earnings, elevating the manager’s incentive to invest myopically to improve earnings. Using the setting of Big N auditors’ acquisitions of non-Big Ns, which increased investor response to earnings for the acquired client firms, we find evidence supporting myopic investments. Specifically, acquired clients decrease intangible investments, particularly when (1) the increase in investor response to earnings is larger and (2) the horizon of shareholders is shorter. The investment decrease is inefficient, as evidenced by reduced profitability, fewer exploratory innovations, and other measures.

JEL Classifications: G14; G34; M41; M42; O31; O34; N22.
Lack of Association of A1C With Postoperative Complications in Children With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kim Grace , Richards McKenna C. , Smith Abigail B. , Strybos Kathleen M. , Huang Xiaofan , Staggers Kristen , Stayer Stephen A. , Baijal Rahul G.
Published: August 2023

Not meeting recommended A1C targets may be associated with postoperative complications in adults, but there are no studies reporting on the relationship between preoperative A1C and postoperative complications in children with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine whether elevated A1C levels were associated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications in children with diabetes presenting for elective noncardiac surgery or diagnostic procedures. It found no such association, suggesting no need to delay elective surgery in children with diabetes until A1C is optimized.
No difference in risk of revision due to infection between clindamycin and cephalosporins as antibiotic prophylaxis in cemented primary total knee replacements: a report from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register 2005–2020
Authors: Pawloy Karola , Fenstad Anne Marie , Leta Tesfaye , Hallan Geir , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Dale Håvard , Lie Stein Atle , Furnes Ove
Published: August 2023

Background and purpose: Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis with clindamycin, which is often used in penicillin- or cephalosporin-allergic patients’, has been associated with a higher risk of surgical revision for deep prosthetic joint infection (PJI) than cloxacillin in primary total knee replacement (TKR). We aimed to investigate whether clindamycin increases the risk of surgical revisions due to PJI compared with cephalosporins in primary cemented TKR.Patients and methods: Data from 59,081 TKRs in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register (NAR) 2005–2020 was included. 2,655 (5%) received clindamycin and 56,426 (95%) received cephalosporins. Cox regression analyses were performed with adjustment for sex, age groups, diagnosis, and ASA score. Survival times were calculated using Kaplan–Meier estimates and compared using Cox regression with revision for PJI as endpoint. The cephalosporins cefalotin and cefazolin were also compared.Results: Of the TKRs included, 1.3% (n = 743) were revised for PJI. 96% (n = 713) had received cephalosporins and 4% (n = 30) clindamycin for perioperative prophylaxis. Comparing cephalosporins (reference) and clindamycin, at 3-month follow-up the adjusted hazard ratio rate (HRR) for PJI was 0.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–1.4), at 1 year 0.9 (CI 0.6–1.5), and at 5 years 0.9 (CI 0.6–1.4). Analysis using propensity score matching showed similar results. Furthermore, comparing cefalotin (reference) and cefazolin, HRR was 1.0 (CI 0.8–1.4) at 3 months and 1.0 (CI 0.7–1.3) at 1-year follow-up.Conclusion: We found no difference in risk of revision for PJI when using clindamycin compared with cephalosporins in primary cemented TKRs. It appears safe to continue the use of clindamycin in penicillin- or cephalosporin-allergic patients.
An alternative to opioid-based intravenous patient controlled analgesia in severe burn patients undergoing full thickness split graft in upper limbs
Authors: Shih Bo-Fu , Huang Fu-Yu , Shen Shih-Jyun , Zheng Chih-Wen , Lee Chao-Wei , Yang Ming-Wen , Chou An-Hsun , Chuang Shiow-Shuh , Tsai Hsin-I
Published: August 2023

Background: Opioids provide good analgesic effect in burn patients during acute phase, but these patients may develop tolerance after prolonged exposure. Alternative analgesic strategies such as peripheral nerve blocks appear to provide adequate pain control while sparing opioid-related side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) and continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB-PCA) in severe burn patients with relatively young age undergoing repeated debridement and large-area full thickness skin graft (FTSG).Methods: The records of victims in dust explosion in Taiwan in 2016 from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Pain Service Database between 2016 June and 2017 December were evaluated. The patients’ demographic data including age, gender, weight, burn area, degree of burn, type of PCA regimen (IV-PCA versus CPNB-PCA), size of FTSG, and adverse effects were collected. Results: The total in-hospital morphine consumption was significantly lower in CPNB-PCA than IV-PCA group. A trend of decrease in numerical rating scores (NRS) was observed for both groups and CPNB group had comparable NRS than IV-PCA group at rest. On movement, CPNB grouped had significantly lower NRS than IV-PCA on post-operative day 3.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that in patients requiring high dosage of opioid, CPNB may be a suitable alternative for pain control.
Dialogforum – Norges rolle i Sikkerhetsrådet og den kunnskapsbaserte bærebjelken
Authors: Olsson Louise , Nagelhus Schia Niels , Einen Birthe
Published: August 2023

Kunnskapsutveksling mellom forskere og beslutningstakere i pågående politiske prosesser og i praktisk arbeid med å håndtere store samfunnsutfordringer krever gjennomtenkte og konkrete løsninger. Disse løsningene bør fremme effektiv kunnskapsdeling der forskningsfronten og politikkutforming møtes. Med et slikt formål utviklet Utenriksdepartementet (UD), Norsk utenrikspolitisk institutt (NUPI) og Institutt for fredsforskning i Oslo (PRIO) tidlig i 2021 et dialogforum for Norges medlemskap i FNs sikkerhetsråd. Dialogforumet samlet forskere, politikere og diplomater med mål om å styrke kunnskapsgrunnlaget for aktuelle og viktige saker for Norge i Sikkerhetsrådet. Denne artikkelen presenterer hvordan Dialogforumet for Norges rolle i FNs sikkerhetsråd 2021–2022 (Dialogforumet) bidro til å støtte opp om en kunnskapsbasert utenrikspolitikk for Norge i FNs sikkerhetsråd. Sett i sammenheng med de økende kravene om forskningens samfunnsbidrag, viser erfaringene med Dialogforumet hvor komplekse slike kunnskapsutvekslinger er i praksis. Ved å belyse erfaringene med Dialogforumet, vil artikkelen dermed sette søkelys på hvordan slike utbytte-prosesser og potensielle samfunnsbidrag kan se ut i praksis, i tillegg til å øke forståelsen for fordeler så vel som utfordringer knyttet til forholdet mellom kunnskap og politikk.
Abstract in English:Dialogue Forum – Norway’s Role in the Security Council and the Knowledge-based PillarKnowledge exchange between researchers and decision-makers in ongoing political processes and practical work to address major societal challenges requires thorough and concrete solutions. These solutions should promote effective knowledge sharing where the forefront of research meets policy development. With this purpose in mind, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA), the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI), and the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) established a dialogue forum for Norway’s membership in the United Nations Security Council in early 2021. The Dialogue Forum brought together researchers, politicians, and diplomats with the aim of strengthening the knowledge base for relevant and important issues concerning Norway in the Security Council. This article presents how the Dialogue Forum contributed to supporting a knowledge-based foreign policy for Norway in the UN Security Council. In the context of increasing demands related to the societal impact of research, the experiences with the Dialogue Forum demonstrate the complexity of such knowledge exchanges in practice. By shedding light on the experiences with the Dialogue Forum, the article illustrates how such processes of knowledge exchange and potential societal contributions can manifest in practice, while also enhancing the understanding of the benefits and challenges associated with the relationship between knowledge and policy.
Rekayasa Pengembangan Potensi Wisata Berbasis Edusehat (KKNMAS Di Desa Mesanggok Kecamatan Gerung Lombok Barat)
Authors: Sunarjono Sri , Ikhsan Ikhsan arif purwoko , Wahyuningsih Titik
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini adalah laporan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan dalam bentuk KKN Mas (Kuliah Kerja Nyata Mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah dan Aisyiyah) di desa Mesanggok Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Desa Mesanggok adalah sebuah desa yang letaknya sangat strategis dan memiliki berbagai potensi alam, SDM, pengalaman, dan kearifan lokal lainnya. Namun demikian desa Mesanggok memiliki beberapa permasalahan terkait dengan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa, pembangunan desa, penyelenggaraan program pendidikan dan kesehatan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini maka dilaksanakan program KKN Mas dengan tujuan untuk membantu pemerintahan desa dan memfasilitasi masyarakat menuju terbentuknya masyarakat yang mandiri dan sejahtera. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah melalui 6 tahap kegiatan: observasi & wawancara, menemukan masalah, analisis masalah, perencanaan kegiatan, pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat telah menghasilkan 3 kegiatan utama bidang pendidikan, 2 kegiatan utama bidang kesehatan, dan sebuah grand design pengembangan potensi wisata desa berbasis Edu-Sehat. Tiga kegiatan bidang pendidikan adalah pembuatan rumah belajar (RUBELA), baca dan hafalan al_Qur’an (BAHA-AQ), dan mengasah ketrampilan elektro pelajar (SMK TE BISA).  Sedangkan dua kegiatan bidang kesehatan adalah sosialisasi edukasi kesehatan masyarakat (SOSI EDU-SEHAT), dan penerapan hidup sehat melalui percontohan (MODEL SEHAT). Gambar grand design wisata desa Mesanggok dilengkapi dengan penataan lokasi mini gallery model pendidikan dan kesehatan, sudut-sudut keindahan alam desa, desain jaringan jalan dan sungai, desain lampu jalan berbasis energi matahari, dan desain penyiram tanaman otomatis.
Spatial analysis of renewable energy sources in Lviv region
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Savchenko Olena , Yurkevych Yurii , Liubuska Ivan
Published: August 2023

The introduction of renewable energy sources makes it possible to expand the possibilities of development of branches of the national economy, in particular heat energy, to accelerate economic growth and reduce the release of greenhouse gases into the environment. Spatial analysis of renewable energy sources contributes to their effective use and allows for planning the local development of renewable energy. In this article, a spatial analysis of renewable energy sources in the Lviv region, such as wind energy, solar radiation, fuel wood, agricultural animal manure, and sewage sludge, is performed. It was established that the most promising district in terms of the availability of renewable energy sources is the Stryi district, since the amount of solar radiation and the amount of forest land in it are higher than the same indicators for other districts, in addition, the amount of sewage sludge is also one of the highest in the region. For the possibility of increasing the total share of renewable energy sources, the districts of the region can cooperate with other districts of both Lviv region and neighboring regions.
3D Printing in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Chakravarthy Dr.Chitra , Bijja Sushmitha , Karthik Aaron , Patil Pramod , Mohd.akbar Tabassum
Published: August 2023

Background: The Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) often involves complex facial deformities and pathologies that require precise treatment planning for optimal outcomes. Traditional approaches have limitations in achieving desired aesthetic and functional results. However, the emergence of virtual surgical planning (VSP) and 3D printing technology has revolutionized OMFS by offering accurate and predictable treatment outcomes. Objectives: This article provides an overview of the applications, workflow process, techniques, and biomaterials used in 3D printing technology in OMFS. It also discusses the benefits of 3D printing, including improved preoperative planning, surgical accuracy, reduced intraoperative time, and enhanced surgical outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the applications of 3D printing technology in OMFS. The different 3D printing techniques, such as stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, material jetting, selective laser sintering, and digital light processing, were examined. The integration of 3D printing in tissue engineering and the use of biomaterials in 3D printing were also explored. Results: The integration of 3D printing in OMFS offers several advantages. It enables precise preoperative planning and simulation, resulting in improved surgical outcomes. The use of 3D-printed surgical guides and custom-made implants enhances surgical accuracy and reduces intraoperative time. Moreover, 3D printing facilitates the production of contour models and splints, further aiding in treatment planning and postoperative care.
The Benefit of Activated Charcoal in Reducing Mortality in Toxic Patient: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bakhsh Hussian
Published: August 2023

The objective of the study was to estimate the effect of activated charcoal (AC) administration on the mortality of patients taking toxic materials and the effect of drug properties on drug exposure. Thirty studies were integrated in a meta-analysis. AC administered 0–5 min after administration of a drug reduced median drug exposure by 88.4% (25–75 percentile: 65.0–96.8) (P < 0.00001). The effect of AC continued to be statistically significant when administered up to 4 h after drug intake (median reduction in drug exposure 27.4% (range 21.3–31.5%, P = 0.0006). Furthermore, there were significant decrease in the mortality as long as AC is administered early. The reduction in drug exposure was correlated with the AC/drug ratio (ρ = 0.69, P < 0.0001), the volume of distribution (Vd) (ρ = 0.46, P = 0.0001), and time to peak concentration (ρ = 0.40, P = 0.02). We found that AC is most effective when given immediately after drug ingestion but has statistically significant effects even when given as long as 4 h after drug intake. AC appears to be most effective when given in a large dose. And it affects the mortality in earlier intervention better than late intervention.
The Protective Mechanism Against COVID-19, Antibody vs Cellular Immunity: An Extensive Review
Authors: Shrwani Khalid , Dhayhi Nabil , Mahallawi Waleed , Sherwani Alaa , Badedi Mohammed , Aldossari Saeed , Muhajir Abdulrahman , Hassan Zeinab , Sherwani Nouf , Karar Dr. Tarig , Gadour Eyad
Published: August 2023

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to the world, causing a respiratory illness with a wide range of symptoms and affecting people of all sexes and age groups. Although the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is not entirely understood, recent findings suggest that a high number of innate immune cells and inflammatory cytokines can help in fighting the virus. However, an excessive expression of cytokines can lead to a cytokine storm, resulting in a severe disease state with high morbidity and mortality. The coordinated actions of the innate and adaptive immune responses are responsible for eliminating virus-infected cells and inhibiting reinfection. The actual role of T-cell immunity and antibody responses is unclear, and further research is necessary to gain insights into the nature of immune protection. The SARS-CoV-2 S protein is considered a sensitive and useful protein that can be targeted by antibodies and T cells, providing significant biological targets for finding effective vaccines and treatments. Despite challenges in developing effective vaccines, the small number of reinfections suggests that a primary infection may offer some protection during subsequent exposure to the same virus. A deeper understanding of the vital role of B and T cells in COVID-19 may help in managing, controlling, and halting this new pandemic.
Tai Chi During and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic: How Much can it Really Benefit Adolescents?
Authors: Zhu Ethan , Fan Xiujun
Published: August 2023

Adolescents face pressure from their school studies and college admissions, which results in them constantly experiencing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression. These symptoms cause sleep quality and concentration to rapidly corrode, which affects their overall mental health. These symptoms have increased in severity as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, and if left unattended, they will last for a long period, even during post-covid. For the purpose of finding a practical way to combat these effects caused in general, the impacts of practicing Tai Chi on adolescents' general and mental health, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms involved were systematically reviewed through the last 20 years of research. This review provides information on the efficacy of overall health, feasibility, and fundamental knowledge of the practice of Tai Chi. This information could be considered by schools when planning their curriculum and mental health management to support adolescents during and after the pandemic.
The Potential Short- and Long-Term Health Effects of Post-pandemic Teen Vaping
Authors: Liu Olivia , Fan Xiujun
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mental health throughout our society. Despite this, studies report that vaping among teens and young adults has decreased during the pandemic. This paper aims to analyze why COVID-19 impacted vaping in such a way and if that change will remain consistent as we head toward the end of the pandemic. Additionally, using PubMed and Google Scholar, we examined the different mental and physical effects of vaping and what that means for the future. Studies from the early stages of the pandemic show vaping rates among teens and young adults to be decreasing due to health concerns. However, as people become less concerned about COVID-19, vaping rates have begun to increase. The potential future health effects are unknown and need to be evaluated further.
Radial Forearm Free Flap for Tongue Reconstruction
Authors: Sánchez Terán Alfonso Iván , Fuertes-Muñoz Anyely Nataly , Gutiérrez-Brambila Martha Elena , Luna-García Juan Carlos , Cervantes-Ruíz Luis Anibal , Zúñiga-Vázquez Luis Abraham , Chávez-Pérez Gerardo
Published: August 2023

A woman in his mid-50s presented with an ulcer on the right side of her tongue associated with sore throat. The lesion progressively grew until it became exophytic. An incisional biopsy showed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, invasive, ulcerated, p16 positive, with lymphovascular permeation and muscle infiltration so she was referred to a surgical oncologist. There was history of oral sex habits and poor dental hygiene. At physical examination there was a 2.5 x 2 cm neoformation on the right lateral side of the tongue associated with pain, which was mild, intermittent, and localized, the base of the tongue and floor of the mouth were apparently free. The team decided to perform a right hemiglossectomy plus radical neck dissection. Given the anatomical and functional needs of the area, a microvascular reconstruction with a Radial Forearm Free Flap was chosen due to its thinness, flexibility, ease of harvest, and reliability.
Pengaruh Bahan Pelleting terhadap Perkecambahan Benih Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Rajagukguk Sion G. , Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Manik Tumiar K. , Ginting Yohannes Cahya
Published: August 2023

Shallot is an important commodity, but their productivity in Indonesia is still low. TSS can be used because of its higher production, longer shelf life, more resistance to disease pathogens, cheaper procurement and distribution costs, guaranteed seed quality, and high productivity potential, but has a small shape so it is difficult to plant so seed coating technology is needed. Seed pellets are coatings of seeds to change the shape, size and weight of seeds. This study aims to determine the effect of pelleting techniques on shallot seeds. This research was conducted with one treatment factor, namely without pelleting, soil + CMC, soil + CMC + Mycorrhizae, soil + CMC + Trichoderma, soil + CMC + Dolomite, soil + CMC + humic acid, soil + AG, soil + AG+ Mycorrhizae, soil +AG+Trichoderma, soil+AG+Dolomite, soil+AG+Humic acid. Each treatment was carried out with 3 replications so that 33 experimental units were obtained, with one experimental unit in the form of a planting media tray with 25 seeds each. The results of the study explained that the pelleting technique had no effect on germination, root length, coleoptile length, wet safe weight, dry safe weight, seed weight and had a significant effect on the emergence of plumules with the best treatment obtained in the soil. CMC + humic acid and seed pellet weight. stated that seed pellets can change the weight, size and shape of seeds so as to facilitate planting. The conclusion of this study is that shallot seed pelleting can be applied to shallot cultivation because it does not inhibit the growth and development of shallots and can facilitate the planting of shallot seeds. Key words:  Shallot, seed, pelleting, TSS