bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of IoT-based Tool for Temperature Control and Movement Detector using Arduino and Cayenne
Authors: Hartati Tuti , Susanto Susanto
Published: August 2020

The development of technology towards IoT or the Internet of Things has been very advanced so that the fulfillment of human
needs is increasingly easy and comfortable. One example is the need to control and monitor the air temperature in the server room. The
server room requires a cool and stable temperature so that the computer devices inside can function properly. In addition, the room
also requires a security system to prevent undesirable things, such as intruders or people who are other than server admin officers.
These needs can be fulfilled by creating an IoT-based device. Arduino as the main device and online Cayenne web-based application as
a medium for controlling Arduino. This device is equipped with a motion detection security system using the PIR Motion Detector HCSR501
sensor while for temperature monitoring using a DHT22 sensor. Control of tools can be done using a web browser on a PC
(Personal Computer) and an android smartphone via an internet connection
The Role of Website and Youtube Application Quality as Integrated Marketing Communication Media in Affecting Consumer Behavior Shifting
Authors: Muliansyah Dadah , Rahmayanti Rima
Published: August 2020

In the current era of communication globalization, the role of social media is needed by humans to interact with each other. Social media is a medium for socializing with each other online, which allows users to interact with each other without being limited by time and space. This social media has a big influence on society especially young people who are the main consumers. The influence of social media as a marketing communication media, where users can give opinions and provide information to each other. On the other hand social media can also change the character of consumers, especially teenagers who are unstable and tend to be easily influenced. This study examines the role of websites and YouTube in influencing the character of consumers in buying products or services. The research population was selected by University Students in Bandung and 100 (one hundred) students were taken at University X in Bandung who were active in social media. The results of the questionnaire were processed using the partial least square method.
Improvement of Parking Security System using Artifical Intelligence Imaging Technology
Authors: Wahyu Ari , Suhendri Suhendri , Heryono Heri
Published: August 2020

Parking space is a public facility available at an agency or office that serves to temporally store vehicles, the vehicle that enters the parking area is become tens or even thousands, because tahat reason parking system and management area is needed. Such arrangements able parking procedures and even other support systems such as adequate parking facilities and infrastructure, other functions is making and developing parking systems in general for provide security and comfort, bacause the condition vehicle will be well organized in terms of vehicle placement and security and safety can be used for 24 hours.

Constraints this time increasing number of vehicles requires a wider parking area or space, the slow pace of vehicle data collection because the technology used is still carried out vehicle license plate validation manually, another problem is the placement of large areas, this limitation is based on the number of parking attendants in the field is very limited, so extra time are needed to arrange and check the vehicles that have entered the parking area.

This problem can be handle using image processing and OCR algorithm techniques, this technique has been implemented in several developed countries that are used to manage they parking system, image processing is used to record and monitor the number of vehicles in the area by reading the number plate, scanning techniques using OCR (Optical Character recognition techniques) , data from a vehicle plate image is converted into text or numbers and can be stored inside database, data from the vehicle plate that has been stored is then matched with a vehicle photo, with help the system can be integrated with the camera so that the supervision of the parking area can be carried out directly for a long time, the system is able to display data visually.
Perdagangan Luar Negeri Kakatua Koki (Cacatua galerita Latham, 1790) Dan Usaha Penangkarannya Di Fasilitas Penangkaran Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIPI
Authors: Rachmatika Rini , Suparno  , Nuramaliati Prijono Siti , Ari Herjuno , Permata Sari Andri , Maharani Sinta
Published: August 2020

Psittacine, for instance, sulphur-crested cockatoo (C. galerita) was widely traded, domestically and internationally due to its beautiful plumages and well-known smartness. It is essential to know the trading rate of the bird. The information can use both to control the trade and prevent over-harvesting from the wild. Captive breeding is one of few attempts performed to reduce wildlife over-harvesting. This research aimed to study the international trading rate of C. galerita and to review captive breeding management in our facility. The export data during 1981-2018 collected from CITES websites' database. Based on the obtained data, export activities were as follow: 7884 birds exported as reported by the importer. Meanwhile, 12.798 birds were reported by the exporter, and the birds exported to 39 countries. The birds exported using code C (bred in captivity), W (wild), F (born in captivity), U (unknown) dan I (confiscated or seized). Captive breeding performed as ex-situ conservation attempts to reduce wild harvesting. Captive Breeding attempts in Research Center for Biology LIPI successfully bred this species using three pairs of broodstocks. The obtained captive breeding data were as follow reproductive frequency 1-2 times/year with 1-2 eggs/clutch. The incubation period ± 28 days. Egg weight is 19 ± 1.12 g. Egg length 4.28 ± 0.08 mm and egg width 3.35 ± 0.05 mm. Weight of chicks seven days of age is 95 ± 2.34 grams. The chick comes out of the nest at ± 11 weeks and fledgeling age at ± 13 weeks. Feed consist of grains, fruits, vegetables, pellets, coconuts and bird cakes. Our captive breeding indeed was far from perfect. Implementation of recent technology still needs to be done to enhance our captive breeding management.
Uji Daya Hasil Lanjutan Dua Puluh Tujuh Galur Padi Code-qTSN4 dan Code-qDTH8
Authors: Tasliah  , Ma’sumah  , Prasetiyono Joko
Published: August 2020

The locus thatregulates totalspikelet number (qTSN4) and days to heading (qDTH8) is expected to increase rice yields.Both of these loci are used to increase the yield of Code varieties through the marker-assisted backcrossing method. This study aimed to evaluate the yield of Code-qTSN4 and Code-qDTH8 lines at two location and to analyze existence of target gene locus associated with qTSN4, qDTH8, and Xa7. This research was conducted in March to July 2017. The study was divided into two parts: (i) field analyses at the Kuningan field station (uplandirrigated) and Sukamandi field station (lowland-irrigated), and (ii) molecular tests at the Molecular Biology Laboratory, ICABIOGRAD, Bogor. The material used were 27 crossing lines of Code-qTSN4 and Code-qDTH8 (BC1, BC2, BC3), 5 comparative varieties, and molecular markers that were linked to the loci of genes of qTSN4, qDTH8, and Xa7. The results showed different altitude positions affected the agronomic performance of the lines. At Kuningan location, Code-qTSN4 and Code-qDTH8 lines showed number of grain total (empty and filled) per panicle was 110.84−165.98 grains, while Code 153.51 grains. While at Sukamandi, the number of grains per panicle obtained by the lines was higher, that is 157.27-227.9 grains and 186.56 grains for Code. The highest number of total grains was achieved by line B6-2 (Code-qTSN4) (8.12%) for Kuningan, while at Sukamandi the highest was in line B22-1 (Code-qTSN4) (22.16%). The effect of the qTSN4 gene locus has been shown to increase the number of grains per panicle. The heading date of Code-qDTH8 lines at two locations was 4−6 days faster than Code. The yield potencial of lines at Kuningan and Sukamandi were 4.43−6.88 t/ha and 3.71−5.89 t / ha, while for Code 6.24 t/ha and 4.83 t/ha, respectively. The highest potential yield of Code-qTSN4 lines was B6-2 with an increase of 20.5%, while Code-qDTH8 lines was obtained on E13-1 with an increase 10.26%. Based on molecular analysis, all test lines already have the qTSN4 or qDTH8 gene locus, and all test lines also have the Xa7 gene locus.
Implantação do Processo de Sistematização para gerenciamento de Bolsas de Auxílios Acadêmico e Moradia na Universidade Federal do Amazonas
Authors: Viana Junior Osvaldo Tavares , Ribeiro Carlos Daniel Silva , Teixeira Miguel Paiva , Costa Rodrigo Azevedo da , Areque Ingrid Câmara , Freire Jeane de Amorim , Silva Waldriane Nascimento da
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o processo de sistematização para gerenciamento de bolsas de estudo na Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Serão apresentadas as etapas do processo, metodologia aplicada e o resultado. O processo foi desenvolvido em cinco etapas buscando melhorar o gerenciamento das bolsas de estudo da Universidade e em cada fase foi realizado planejamento com todos envolvidos no negocio. Quanto a metodologia utilizada, buscou-se uma metodologia de ação rápida devido a urgência da implementação do negocio e da importância do sistema para ajudar os alunos e os profissionais da assistência estudantil. Após o desenvolvimento completo do negócio obteve-se otimização do processo de gerenciamento das bolsas de auxílio acadêmico e moradia, onde atualmente os estudantes emitem relatório mensal via sistema ecampus, que antes era feito manualmente e entregue no Departamento de Assistência Social da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Esse projeto melhorou o processo tanto dos estudantes quanto dos profissionais da assistência estudantil, profissionais que gerenciam as bolsas de auxilio acadêmico e Moradia da Universidade.
Governança corporativa nos fundos de investimento imobiliário: mudanças após instrução CVM nº 571/2016
Authors: Nascimento José Orcélio do , Stefanini Lígia Maria Verna , Soares Érica de Fátima , Zittei Marcus Vinicius Moreira , Silva Michele Braga dos Santos , Lugoboni Leonardo Fabris
Published: August 2020

Os fundos de investimento imobiliário têm como público alvo majoritariamente pessoas físicas, as quais devem ser providas de informações suficientes para balizar suas decisões de investimento. Tendo em vista a recente edição da Instrução CVM nº 571/2016, a qual proporcionou grande avanço para a indústria destes fundos, o presente trabalho tem como escopo verificar se houve ou não incremento da governança corporativa dos fundos de investimento imobiliário. O objetivo geral é mensurar se os órgãos de governança estão de fato presentes e se atendem aos anseios dos investidores com relação à transparência, equidade no tratamento e prestação de contas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva mediante pesquisa documental. Os resultados evidenciaram que as diversas alterações ocorridas na regulamentação desde 2011 até a presente data, foram incorporadas e impactaram positivamente na governança corporativa dos fundos de investimento imobiliário, sendo notável, portanto, sua evolução em comparação à legislação anterior.
Estudo de caso: impacto dos custos logísticos em agroindústria de polpas de frutas no município de Benjamin Constant - Amazonas
Authors: Nogueira Juvan Reis , Oliveira Kleber Bittencourt
Published: August 2020

A implantação de negócios de qualquer segmento na região amazônica é uma tarefa desafiadora, devido principalmente aos altos custos logísticos, pois as características fisiográficas desafiam a execução do transporte, sobretudo pelas grandes distâncias a serem percorridas aliadas às deficiências existentes nos diversos modais. Por isso mesmo, esta pesquisa buscou analisar o impacto dos custos logísticos nos processos industriais realizados por uma agroindústria de polpas de frutas instalada no município de Benjamin Constant, Amazonas. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória e explicativa, na forma combinada (qualitativa e quantitativa), tendo como método de pesquisa um Estudo de Caso, utilizando de entrevistas, observações e informações de arquivo (pesquisa documental) para coleta de dados. Ao final, puderam-se identificar as principais potencialidades e ameaças logísticas à implantação, consolidação e manutenção da fábrica estudada, como também indicar um plano para aperfeiçoamento da Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos, visando a redução dos custos logísticos, e, consequentemente, a otimização dos processos de fabricação e distribuição. Com isto, acredita-se estar contribuindo para o fortalecendo da indústria local, aumentando oferta de emprego e melhoria de renda à população do município, e também, justificando a necessidade de investimento público no aprimoramento da infraestrutura logística da região amazônica.
As Carências no Cenário do Transporte Público nas Perspectivas dos Usuários na Cidade de Manaus
Authors: Silva Daniel Quintino de Jesus , Alves Marcelo Mendonça , Heck Paula Rezende , Silva Marcelo Alves
Published: August 2020

Um dos maiores desafios da Administração Pública nas cidades tende a ser o gerenciamento do transporte. Sabidamente a cidade de Manaus cresceu, sem o planejamento urbano adequado. Neste ensaio abordaremos a temática, visando refletir sobre os principais problemas do serviço de transporte público, buscando analisar as razões que impedem a melhoria do sistema de transporte público da cidade de Manaus, a partir do olhar dos usuários. As políticas públicas de desenvolvimento e investimento que são realizadas na mobilidade urbana não estão cismáticas com o problema do transporte público. O artigo tem por finalidade analisar as carências do transporte público em Manaus, a partir de um questionário qualitativo e quantitativo realizado pelos acadêmicos de Administração juntamente aos usuários do transporte público para avaliar essa problematização. A metodologia utilizada neste ensaio foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando identificar os fatores que os usuários consideram mais relevantes para um transporte público com maior qualidade. A pesquisa elencou como pontos críticos a serem melhorados: Espera do usuário do transporte público, ônibus velhos, excesso de lotação, falta de segurança, preços injustos, falta de manutenção dos veículos e, por fim, a falta de opções de modais. Assim, o estudo concluiu que parte dos usuários do transporte público coletivo na cidade de Manaus, está insatisfeita com as prestações de serviços no tecido social.
Fatores Motivadores e Limitadores da Percepção de Corrupção no Contexto Internacional
Authors: Patel Kelly Katiuça , Mazzioni Sady , Baú Dal Magro Cristian
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar os fatores motivadores e limitadores da percepção da corrupção em um contexto internacional. A metodologia utilizada é baseada em uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e documental, a partir de um conjunto de dados de 83 países no período de 2015 a 2017. Os resultados indicaram que a maior liberdade econômica, a menor distância do poder, a força das leis e da ordem, a governança corporativa estruturada e a maior participação do conselho dos acionistas, formam um conjunto de fatores limitadores da percepção da corrupção. Por sua vez, a carga tributária mostrou-se um fator motivador da percepção da corrupção na amostra de países investigados. O estudo permite insights sobre uma temática relevante nos contextos sociais, governamentais e corporativos.
KANDUNGAN ANTIOKSIDAN ALGA MERAH Eucheuma cottonii DENGAN METODE PENGERINGAN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Amelia Resky , Tanod Wendy Alexander
Published: August 2020

The antioxidant compound is one compound that is much sought after by researchers. Antioxidant compounds could counteract free radicals easily react with molecules such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and DNA. Red algae Eucheuma cottonii containing bioactive potential as natural antioxidants. Drying algae by farmers generally utilize solar energy. Drying in this way can damage the content of antioxidant compounds. This study aims to assess the proper drying method in order to minimize damage to the E. cottonii antioxidant compounds. This research was using four different drying methods of treatment and 3 replicates, in the determination of IC50 values. The yield showed dried by the sun of 70.9%, dried at room temperature with the aid of a fan at 83.3%, is dried using an oven with atemperature of 70-800C for 87.8% and dried using an oven with a temperature of 50- 600C by 73%. IC50 values in the dried by the sun at 693.90 ppm, dried at room temperature with the aid of a fan at 593.19 ppm, dried using an oven with a temperature of 70-800C at 232.87 ppm and dried in an oven at a temperature of 50-600C 419.76 ppm. Levels of antioxidants found in E. cottonii either dried using an oven or dried by the sun and the temperature of the room, including the antioxidant weak.
Education Psychology in Increasing the Potential of Students at the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Saidi Suid
Published: August 2020

Education can be interpreted as all efforts done by humans to be more advanced and developed, whether done individually or independently and in groups that are held in various locations both at home, school, community, place of worship, environment, or a combination of various locations. The purpose of education is to make other individuals (students) better. The process of educational activities can be done inside the room/school or outside the school, where interaction occurs between one person and another person or group to change student behavior by providing learning material and knowledge from useful learning resources. So, in learning and teaching activities cannot be separated from mental and social activities that need each other, thereby raising the need for contributions and psychological science that can become a provision for educators to be able to carry out their duties as humanist and competent educators. Information and technology in the era of globalization at this time significantly affect activities in schools. Information and knowledge are straightforward to spread to anyone who wants and needs it. The aim of the application of educational psychology is on how to form a productive learning atmosphere. That two main ingredients can be a measure of the effectiveness of the teaching process; professional skills and knowledge as well as commitment, motivation, and care from teachers. For teachers, this is an extraordinary challenge to increase students' potential in facing the growing 4.0 revolution by exploring the potential of students to be able to be skilled and motivated.
Effects of Educational Video on PPKn Subject Learning In Elementary School
Authors: Setiawan Agung Arifin
Published: August 2020

This development aims to design, produce and test the validity of the product and test the validity of the product and find out its effectiveness in the presentation of citizenship education subjects for an elementary school in the form of video media. While the material in developing video media is the subjects of discipline, this study uses the ADDIE which consists of stages (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, (5) Evaluation. This product development was followed by validation of material experts, media experts and field audiences. To determine the effectiveness of the instructional media products development, the Garum student test phase was taken as many as 25 peoples. From the table above, all students experience an increase in learning and fulfiling SKM (≥70). The avarege score on the pre-test was 71,77% and the [ost-test 93,28%. So than in increase in the score  of learning outcomes  in the  overall  field test totaled 546 with  a presentage  increase  of 21,84%. Before  the use  of learning video media that fulfilled SKM by 56% increase to 100% after using learning video media. As  for the  students learning value data as a whole  the learning  outcomes of students who achived SKM (≥70).. were obtained after  using the learning media video of 100%.  With the increase in several presentations of learning in all students, this showing this video media is effectively used in the teaching and learning precess in improving student learning achievement.
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: August 2020

The pandemic is taking a heavy toll on the fragile island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe. Tourist arrivals came to an abrupt halt in mid-March, externally financed projects are being delayed, and supply shipments are disrupted. In response to the local outbreak, emergency confinement measures have been in place since March to contain infection. The authorities began phasing out these measures in late June, aiming for a full reopening of the economy by end-July. A disbursement supported by the Rapid Credit Facility (SDR 9.028 million) was approved in April 2020. The authorities request an augmentation of the ECF program by 10 percent of quota (SDR 1.48 million).
Italy
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

Banks’ asset quality has substantially improved in recent years but remains well below European peers. Non-performing loans (NPLs) fell from 16½ percent in 2015 to about 8.1 percent at end-June 2019, achieved mainly through €145 billion of private NPL sales. This is a substantial reduction by any standard, though NPLs remain well above the 3.0 percent average of the main European Union (EU) banks as of June 2019. New NPL formation has fallen to pre-crisis levels. Provisioning coverage was 52.5 percent as of June 2019, placing Italy 7.6 percentage points above the average of the main EU banks.
Italy
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

This note presents a targeted review of selected aspects concerning the regulation and supervision of banks in Italy and their governance framework. The review was carried out as part of the 2019 Italy Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) and was based on the regulatory framework in place and the supervisory practices employed as of March 2019. Since the regulation and supervision of significant banking institutions (SIs), including Italian SIs, was extensively covered as part of the 2018 Euro Area FSAP, this note focuses on the prudential regulation and supervision of less significant institutions (LSIs). In addition, the note reviewed regulatory and supervisory areas not covered by the wider EU regulatory framework, such as the supervision of anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) and related party transactions, which apply to both SIs and LSIs in Italy.
United States
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

This Technical Note (TN) is a targeted review of cross-cutting themes building on the detailed assessment of the Insurance Core Principles (ICPs) conducted in 2015. The targeted review was chosen, in part, due to the performance of the U.S. insurance regulatory system in the 2015 detailed assessment where it was assessed that the U.S. observed 8 ICPs, largely observed 13 ICPs and partly observed 5 ICPs. The analysis relied on a targeted self-assessment against a subset of ICPs covering valuation and solvency, risk management, conduct, winding-up, corporate governance and enforcement, and the objectives, powers and responsibility of supervisors. The choice of subjects covered in this review is based on those aspects most significant to financial stability and a follow-up on key recommendations from the 2015 detailed assessment. The focus of the analysis has been on the state-based system of regulation and supervision, reflecting the existing institutional setup.
United States
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

The U.S. authorities should preserve the considerable progress in the resiliency, recoverability, and resolvability of financial companies and insured depository institutions (IDIs), and intensify financial crisis preparedness efforts. After a decade of resolution planning, the development of the U.S. resolution regime is more advanced than in other major economies. This regime, together with the strong track record of the deposit insurance system (DIS) for banks and the federal banking agencies’ (FBAs) preparation for resolution, provide a strong foundation for crisis preparedness. Bank holding companies (BHCs) have integrated recovery and resolution planning (RRP) into business-as-usual (BAU) activities, increasing their resiliency; this process has deepened the FBAs’ understanding of the BHCs’ business models and RRP capabilities. The FBAs should continue their own annual resolution planning and mitigate the recent changes that reduced the BHCs’ RRP. These efforts should be complemented by further interagency crisis preparedness, including particularly with the U.S. Department of the Treasury (UST), given its essential role in critical aspects of crisis responses. Finally, further refinements relating to cross-border resolution also deserve attention.
United States
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

This technical note leverages on the 2015 FSAP which concluded that the United States (U.S.) had a high degree of compliance with the Basel Core Principles (BCPs). The FSAP reviewed the progress achieved in addressing the main weaknesses previously identified and the main supervisory and regulatory developments since then. The key focus are the steps taken by the U.S. authorities in recent years to recalibrate and further tailor the banking regulatory and supervisory framework and the role of stress tests in the supervision process. The FSAP team has not covered the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on banks supervision and has not discussed with authorities the related policy response. The FSAP recommendations are meant to be considered once the impact of the pandemic on the economy and the banking sector becomes clearer.
Denmark
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 pandemic: The Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) work was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, so this Technical Note (TN) does not assess the impact of the crisis or the recent crisis-related policy measures. Nonetheless, given the FSAP’s focus on vulnerabilities and policy frameworks, the findings and recommendations of the TN remain pertinent.
The Danish Financial Supervisory Authority (DFSA) has improved standards in its oversight of banking and insurance sectors since the last FSAP. Nevertheless, risks persist, both in traditional forms, and new areas, such as cyber risk, AML, and innovative market entrants. This note, selects topics to meet evolving supervisory challenges and the expectation that the international supervisory standards themselves will likewise continue to rise.
Denmark
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

Denmark’s insurance sector is highly developed with a particularly high penetration and density in the life sector. Traditionally, work-related life insurance and pension savings are offered as a combined package, and life insurance companies dominate the market for mandatory pension schemes for employees. The high penetration explains the overall size of the insurance sector, which exceeds those of peers from other Nordic countries and various other EU member states. Assets managed by the insurance industry amounted to 146 percent of the GDP at end-2018, compared to 72 percent for the EU average.
Denmark
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 pandemic: The Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) work was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, so this Technical Note (TN) does not assess the impact of the crisis or the recent crisis-related policy measures. Nonetheless, given the FSAP’s focus on vulnerabilities and policy frameworks, the findings and recommendations of the TN remain pertinent.
While Denmark’s institutional arrangements are uncommon, the authorities have undertaken several macroprudential measures since the last FSAP. The Minister for Industry, Business and Financial Affairs (MIBFA) has decision-making power over most macroprudential tools in Denmark, which is rare in international practice. However, the Systemic Risk Council (SRC), which includes members from the Danmarks Nationalbank (DN) and Danish Financial Supervisory Authority (DFSA) plays an advisory role and has powers to give recommendations with a comply or explain mechanism. In recent years, the authorities have taken wide-ranging macroprudential policy actions in response to growing systemic vulnerabilities, which have seemed to slow down some of the riskier trends. More recently, in response to the Covid-19 crisis, countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) has been fully released.
Denmark
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

The functioning of money markets, FX swaps markets and in particular covered bond markets are crucial for the Danish financial system. Liquidity conditions in the Danish financial sector are affected by central bank operations and the lending and funding activities of financial institutions. Nearly 100 percent of the mortgage funding is obtained from market sources, using mainly domestically issued covered bonds. Correspondingly, money markets and foreign exchange (FX) swap markets are crucial to the credit intermediation process and a dislocation in these markets—the inability of financial institutions to roll over or obtain new funding or hedging positions—may have significant consequences for financial stability. Against this background, this note analyzes core funding markets for Danish banks and assesses Danmarks Nationalbank’s (DN’s) capacity to manage systemic liquidity conditions in normal times and in times of stress.
Denmark
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

The Danish authorities’ efforts to strengthen cross-border anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) supervision continue to gather momentum. Since the Fund’s publication of a Selected Issues Paper on this subject in June 20192, the Danish authorities have made significant progress, including by conducting or participating in three multinational on-site inspections of banks; developing a new institutional risk assessment model; issuing an AML/CFT on-site inspection manual; and, via Act No. 1563 (2019), amending several pieces of legislation so as to bolster the monitoring and enforcement powers of the Danish Financial Supervisory Authority (DFSA), establish additional reporting requirements for the private sector, and stiffen the penalties for violations of AML/CFT obligations.
Norway
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

The Norwegian financial system has a long history of incorporating new technology. Norway is at the forefront of digitization and has tight interdependencies within its financial system, making it particularly vulnerable to evolving cyber threats. Norway is increasingly a cashless society, with surveys and data collection suggesting that only 10 percent of point-of-sale and person-to-person transactions in 2019 were made using cash.1 Most payments made in Norway are digital (e.g., 475 card transactions per capita per annum)2 and there is an increase in new market entrants providing a broad range of services. Thus, good cybersecurity is a prerequisite for financial stability in Norway.
Arab Republic of Egypt
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: August 2020

Egypt’s hard-won macroeconomic stability achieved during the three-year arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) now faces a significant disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Growth is expected to slow in both FY2019/20 and FY2020/21 as tourism has been halted and domestic activity curtailed. The external accounts have come under pressure due to capital outflows and the shock to tourism and remittances. The authorities responded with a broad package to scale up the health system’s capacity and policies to support the people and the economy.
In-line monitoring of electrolytes and urea during continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Berger Marc , Sehlmeyer Merle , Sellering Flora , Röhrich Hannes , Perl Thorsten , Mansour Hussam , Baasner Daniel , Zimmermann Stefan
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The individualization of dialysis treatment using a customized dialysate composition usually requires a continuous measurement of electrolytes and urea in blood. The current practices are spot measurements of blood samples either with blood gas analyzers or in the laboratory, involving considerable personnel effort. Furthermore, the measured values are time delayed and not available in a continuous fashion. In this paper we investigate an in-line concept for continuous monitoring of important blood parameters such as sodium, potassium, calcium and urea concentrations in blood serum using ion-selective electrodes. This concept is evaluated in a preclinical study with human packed red blood cells as a test medium over a period of 7 h. It has been shown that the electrolytes can be well monitored. In addition, we present first measurements with ion-sensitive field-effect transistors in a miniaturized sensor assembly. Therefore, new low-cost electronics for such ion-sensitive field-effect transistors have been developed.
Curriculum as Culture, Semiotic System and Communication Media
Authors: Kairaitis Zigmas
Published: August 2020

Subject to the communication paradigm, the article focuses on the curriculum as an object of culture, semiotics and communication. The pervasive media culture is increasingly penetrating various areas which, at first sight, have nothing to do with the media. Application of mediology for the specific objects “lifts” them to the level of culture and society. Subject to its importance in the society and the role in the historical and political transformations, curriculum can be attributed to the phenomenon of culture. This was the concept of the curriculum during the restoration of independence of Lithuania (in 1990). Later, the role of curriculum became less important and simply turned into a standard document that had to be executed uncritically. However, the relation between the teacher and the curriculum is rather complicated. The text of curriculum can be interpreted as a semiotic system of symbols. The content of curriculum, provided concepts, definitions and statements can be interpreted in various educational contexts and discourses. Curriculum – same as the entire system of education – is a selforganisational semiotic-synergetic system influenced by internal and external factors.
In terms of communication, curriculum is a mediator – a medium – between all participants of the education process. In the education process, cognitive, spiritual and activity objects acquire certain meanings and scopes through the communication relation to the curriculum content (symbols).
Review of John Locke: Les idees et les choses. Avec les manscript inedit "Notes upon Mr. John Lock's Essay concerning Human Understanding de William Whiston fils by Luisa Simonutti
Authors: Di Biase Giuliana
Published: August 2020

A review of Luisa Simonutti's recent book John Locke: Les idees et les choses. Avec les manscript inedit "Notes upon Mr. John Lock's Essay concerning Human Understanding" de William Whiston fils (Milan: Editions Mimesis, 2019).
Quelques remarques sur Est-il bon ? Est-il méchant ?
Authors: Brot Muriel
Published: August 2020

Discussion sur le type de comédie qu’aurait voulu écrire Diderot, retravaillant cette pièce pendant dix ans. Il s’agirait de renouveler la comédie après Molière, en évitant l’écueil relatif du genre sérieux comme celui du gros rire. L’article s’intéresse aux allusions et aux effets d’écho (ou de contraste) de cette comédie par rapport aux pièces connues de l’époque. Il s’agit aussi d’une recherche sur la base de la constitution du personnage d’Hardouin.
Rethinking Post-Rana Plaza Transnational Labour Governance
Authors: Khan Zobaida
Published: August 2020

This Article critically analyzes a number of innovative initiatives that had been taken to ensure the safety of ready-made garment (RMG) factory workers in Bangladesh and proposes ideas about transnational labour governance. After the collapse of the Rana Plaza factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh, these transnational safety initiatives (TSIs) offered a promising way to address some of the adverse distributional effects of the globalized forms of production by engaging a myriad of forces, such as the International Labour Organization (ILO), the national government, corporate brands/retailers, and international and national trade unions. Despite broad commitments to address an urgent regulatory issue like labour safety, this Article shows how these governance mechanisms, which attempted to link labour governance with trade/economic arrangements, uphold the existing narrow conceptualizations of labour right and labour issues. Utilizing insights from different disciplines, i.e. labour law, human rights and international development, this Article examines how context-based attention to labour’s capability enhancement objective would produce a much more compelling governance mechanism at a transnational level. The proposed governance model would accommodate a wider conceptualizations of labour and labour rights, require a stronger form of corporate responsibility, and emphasize labourers’ political empowerment. The Article does not discard the necessity of state-based actions and regulations. However, realizing the globalized nature of production and its influence on workers and work conditions, this Article calls for re-thinking the ways labour governance mechanisms are designed in transnational settings. Analyzing the interaction of diverse rules, governance processes and mechanisms with the demands of marginalized forces, i.e. the labourers, this Article attempts to outline a possible alternative to the global hegemony of capital.
Retreating to Justiciability
Authors: Cave Joanne
Published: August 2020

This paper examines Canadian case law to assess how judges determine whether morally charged questions are justiciable. The author applies Robert Cover’s philosophical concept of “responsibility mitigation mechanisms” to argue that judges may define justiciability narrowly to avoid complex moral questions. Using Charter litigation as a case study, the author explores whether the justiciability of moral or political questions can be subjective and how that subjectivity may have significant implications for the scope and limits of rights, the separation of powers and the rule of law in Canada.
‘It’s Like You Are Trapped in a Small Place’: Language Skill Acquisition and Settlement Outcomes of Ageing Cambodian Refugees
Authors: Hepburn Shamette
Published: August 2020

Language skill acquisition is one of the main challenges encountered by refugees and immigrants entering and transitioning to a new society. In Canada, adult newcomers’ language education is primarily tasked to English as a Second Language (ESL) programs. These programs aim to provide English language training, preparation for the labour market and integration into Canadian society. This paper presents findings of a larger qualitative study that explored the experiences of 15 community-dwelling Cambodian Canadians (aged 55 and older) in northwest Toronto. Drawing on critical transnationalism and postcolonialism, it examines Cambodian Canadians’ reflections on their language skill acquisition and integration vis-à-vis the education and migration regimes which form part of the resettlement bureaucracy supporting these activities and processes. Decades after participating in language education programs, ageing Cambodian Canadians’ narratives reveal that inadequate resources and support have resulted in lower than desired language skill acquisition and differential inclusion within their communities.
Sailing Speed and Fleet Deployment Optimization for Intercontinental Container Liner Shipping Considering Cargo Time Value
Authors: Xing Yuwei , Yang Hualong , Yang Zaili
Published: August 2020

This article collectively addresses the issues of optimizing the sailing speed of containerships and fleet deployment in intercontinental container liner shipping, taking cargo time values into consideration. A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is developed to maximize the gross profits of a container shipping line. The sailing speed is divided into 0.1 knot intervals and a reciprocal-discretization method is proposed to transform the model into an integer-based linear programming model, which can be solved using optimization solvers such as CPLEX. A case study is conducted based on the Far East-West America liner route of a global container shipping line to assess the effectiveness of the proposed model and the reciprocal-discretization method. The results show that when the cargo time value is taken into consideration, the increased sailing speed of containerships on long legs and the decreased number of deployed containerships will generate greater operating profits for the container shipping line. The rise in bunker price will lead to a stepwise decline in sailing speed of containerships and a stepwise growth in the number of deployed containerships. Moreover, the downward trend of sailing speed due to the increase of bunker price will be somewhat delayed as the unit container cargo value increases. Several useful insights are drawn from analysis of the results.
The State of Incoterm® Research
Authors: Vogt John , Davis Jonathan
Published: August 2020

There is a paucity of research on Incoterms®. The article reviews the evolution of Incoterms®, the current state of research and use of Incoterms®, and sets the foundation for future research. Incoterms® are the globally accepted terms in a contract of sale that define the obligations, costs, and risks, that the buyers’ and sellers’ organizations must undertake. The authors classify currently published research into four categories: Incoterms® focused on a country; the comparison between the different versions of Incoterms®; Incoterms® in trade and legal issues; and understanding of Incoterms®. There is no depth of research published on the use of Incoterms® in trade agreements between buyer and sellers, in the implications for the supply chains of both buyer and seller, on the choice of the Incoterm®, nor in the conflict with other legal systems and commercial codes. Further, there is substantial confusion in the industry about Incoterms® and when and how to apply them in practice.
Dividend Policy, Economic Value Added, Market β, Firm Size and Stock Return
Authors: Surjandari Dwi Asih , Wati Lela Nurlaela
Published: August 2020

This study aims to analyze the Effect of Dividend Policy, Economic Value Added (EVA), Market β and Firm Size on Stock Return and the existence of Firm Size in moderating these effects of blue-chip stock category listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2015 up to 2019 period. This study is a confirmatory research involving secondary data collected from annual report available at IDX website. The sample used is purposive sampling and research object is Dividend Policy, EVA, Market β and Firm Size as independent variables and Stock Return as dependent variable, and Firm Size as moderates variable. The analysis is performed using E-views 11.0 version. The result shows that Dividend Policy has significant negative effects while EVA and Market β has no effect on Stock Return. In addition, Firm Size moderates the relation between Dividend Policy and Stock Return, while having no moderating effect to the relation between EVA, Market β and Stock Return. The findings of this research imply that, for high stock performance like blue-chip stock, Dividend Policy affects the Stock Return and Firm Size moderates this effect.
Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria as Cellulolytic Enzyme Producer from the Hot Spring of Ie Seuum Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: KHALILA RUHUL , Fitri Lenni , SUHARTONO SUHARTONO
Published: August 2020

Cellulase enzymes can be isolated from thermophile bacteria obtained from the hot spring Ie Seuum, Aceh Besar. This research aimed to recover and characterize the isolates morphologically and biochemically followed by determination of the thermophile bacterial isolates potential as cellulolytic enzyme producers,. The sampling method in this research was conducted by a purposive sampling at temperature of 70 oC, 60 oC and 50 oC. Isolation of thermophilic bacteria was carried out on nutrient agar (NA) media. There were four isolates of thermophilic bacteria isolated recovered at 70 oC, five isolates at 60 oC, and seven isolates at 50 oC. Of the 18 isolates obtained, 15 of them were able to produce cellulase enzymes. Cellulase enzyme production can be determined by the presence of clear zones around bacterial colonies on CMC media after addition of 1% congo red drops and wash with 1 M NaCl. The highest five Cellulolytic Index (CI) values ​​were obtained from isolates ISB75; ISB64; ISB52; ISB54; ISB56 that were 1.23; 2.22; 1.39; 1.59; 1.10, respectively. Biochemical tests carried out on 5 isolates with the highest cellulolytic index values showed that the bacterial isolate were suspected to be from the genera of Bacillus sp.
Pre-service Teachers’ Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) on Bilingualism: Getting Insights to Developing Knowledge
Authors: Liu Jian , Rutledge David
Published: August 2020

The goal of pre-service teacher (PST) programs is to provide students with pragmatic working experience and pedagogy that they need for becoming eligible teachers. In a bilingual classroom, however, some perspectives about second language learning (SLL) held by PSTs are too arbitrary. To assist PSTs in developing concepts of second language acquisition as related to educational settings and to cultivate PSTs’ burgeoning educational beliefs, this study was conducted using the Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI). Seventeen PSTs who were enrolled in a university located along the southern U.S. border provided data for the present study. Three of the 27 belief statements included in the BALLI survey were critically analyzed. This critical analysis explored why certain PSTs’ beliefs about second language learning diverged from social reality at schools. Based on the analysis and results from our findings, suggestions about how to improve the bilingual education for PSTs are provided.
The Use of Digester and the Spread of Sustainable Actions in Semiarid Region of Ceará
Authors: Sobrinho José Falcão , Alves Vanessa Campos , Magalhães Thaylany Matias , Nascimento Gilmário Rodrigues do , Pinto Emanuela Lima Lutif
Published: August 2020

The objective of this manuscript is to present comments about the social technology involving the production of renewable energy using the digesters implemented by the Paulo Freire project in some country estates in Massapê and Jordão. For this, visits were necessary for these two municipalities, where it is possible to realize the importance of these digesters for the local people. Furthermore, some aspects affect the production in the field, such as the interaction among types of social technology and the importance of available natural resources for obtaining results that impact positively on the local economy and sustainable rural development. The diffusion of rural and environmentally sustainable development actions goes through the guarantee of resources for the development and autonomy of the population.