bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hvor prekære vilkår har atypisk ansatte i det offentlige?
Authors: Scheuer Steen
Published: November 2021

I denne artikel undersøges det, om det kan dokumenteres, at atypisk ansatte også har større risiko for prekære vilkår i deres ansættelse i den offentlige sektor. Fire aspekter af vilkår i arbejdet for atypisk ansatte – sammenlignet med normalbeskæftigede – i den offentlige sektor vil blive analyseret. Hensigten er at bedømme, hvorvidt de atypisk ansatte (ud over denne særlige status) har færre goder eller rettigheder, altså en form for underskud i rettigheder. Fire områder af vilkår er undersøgt: Muligheder for jobudvikling, psykisk belastning, juridiske rettigheder i ansættelsesforholdet samt økonomiske forhold. For at opnå en generel og dækkende dokumentation, baseres undersøgelsen metodologisk på en større repræsentativ survey blandt offentligt ansatte. Undersøgelsen har en opnåelse på 1.303 respondenter, og den blev gennemført i september-oktober 2016. Analysen viser, at på tre af de fi re udvalgte områder var de negative forskelle (de manglende goder) for atypisk ansatte evidente. Mulighederne for jobudvikling, juridiske rettigheder i ansættelsesforholdet samt økonomiske forhold er klart ringere for atypisk ansatte. Kun når det gælder psykisk belastning, kan der ikke ses signifi kante forskelle, hverken positive eller negative. Da atypisk ansættelse omfatter mere end hver fjerde offentligt ansatte (29%), omfatter de viste forskelle en meget stor gruppe af offentligt ansatte inden for en række sektorer og faggrupper.
Medborger i frivilligt arbejde – velfærdsproducent eller demokratiets vagthund?
Authors: Boje Thomas P.
Published: November 2021

I den danske debat om civilsamfundets rolle i forhold til borgerne og deres behov er det blevet stadig mere tydeligt, at de dominerende politiske aktører ønsker, at sektoren med dens frivillige, ulønnede arbejdskraft påtager sig en større rolle i leveringen af serviceydelser. Kommunerne bruger frivillige besøgstjenester til at skabe sociale aktiviteter for ældre; de etablerer lektiecafeer for skolebørn, som har vanskeligt ved at følge med i skoletimerne; hospice bruger i stort omfang frivillige til alle andre opgaver end lige patientbehandling; og under ’flygtningekrisen’ i 2015-16 overtog civilsamfundet og de frivillige på det nærmeste alle ikke kontrollerende aktiviteter – forsyning af tøj, møbler, visitering til arbejdsmarkedet og ikke mindst etablering af sociale netværk. Tidligere socialminister Mai Mercado har udtalt, at det offentlige ikke kan løse ensomhedsproblemerne i befolkningen. Det må være en opgave for civilsamfundet gennem borgernes frivillige indsats (Altinget, 2016, 2018). Der er bred enighed om, at borgernes aktive deltagelse i udviklingen og fornyelsen af velfærdssamfundet er vigtig og nødvendig. Det, som er til diskussion, er, hvilken form denne deltagelse skal have. Her er der tale om en bred vifte af forskellige former for deltagelse lige fra politisk aktivisme over forskellige former for aktiv involvering af borgerne i centrale politiske beslutningsprocesser til udførelse af serviceopgave i den offentlige sektor på frivillig ulønnet basis. I afklaring af civilsamfundets rolle og medborgernes frivillige ulønnede arbejde er det vigtigt først at klargøre, hvad civilsamfundet og dermed den ulønnede frivillige arbejdsindsats står for, samt hvilken relation det har til staten og markedet. I artiklen vil jeg primært diskutere det frivillige ulønnede arbejdes rolle i det danske velfærdssamfund. Dette gør jeg ved at forholde mig til tre spørgsmål: Hvilken betydning har det ulønnede frivillige arbejde og den civile sektor for produktion af velfærd? Hvordan har det ulønnede frivillige arbejde i Danmark ændret sig gennem de sidste to årtier? Hvordan er forholdet mellem det lønnede og ulønnede arbejde i det danske civilsamfund?
Seniortænketankens forståelse af seniorernes arbejdsliv – en kritik
Authors: Møller Niels , Theilgaard Lisbeth , Christoffersen Mads
Published: November 2021

Befolkningen bliver ældre. Folk lever længere, mange har et godt heldbred og god økonomi. Der er brug for seniorerne i arbejdslivet. Mange politiske aktører arbejder derfor på, at befolkningen skal blive i arbejde i længere tid, hvis de ikke er nedslidte. En af de vigtige aktører i denne sammenhæng er Seniortænketanken, som blev nedsat af den tidligere regering. Seniortænketanken har nu arbejdet et par år med at fi nde frem til anbefalinger og initiativer, der kan fastholde seniorer i arbejdet. Som foreløbig afslutning på sit arbejde har Seniortænketanken produceret en rapport, som vi vil undersøge kritisk i denne kronik. Vi lægger vægt på to perspektiver: Det ene er, at Tænketankens forståelse af arbejdsmiljø er snæver og hovedsagelig ser bort fra de positive faktorer i arbejdsmiljøet. Det andet er, at Tænketanken ser seniorer i arbejde ud fra et skåneperspektiv: Belastningerne skal reduceres og måske skal arbejdstiden nedsættes for at få seniorer til at arbejde længere. Vi synes selvfølgelig, det er fornuftigt at skåne nedslidte seniorer. Vores pointe er, at der er mange ressourcestærke seniorer, som ønsker udfordringer, mening og indfl ydelse. Det er det, der motiverer dem til at arbejde.
Vejledning for ældre: Gerontovejledning?
Authors: Plant Peter
Published: November 2021

Der bliver flere ældre. Det grå guld er på arbejdsmarkedet og skulle gerne blive der. De ældre er en resurse. Har de brug for vejledning – gerontovejledning?
Vidners rolle i forebyggelse af mobning: En undersøgelse af det teoretiske og empiriske grundlag for design af vidneinterventioner
Authors: Mikkelsen Eva Gemzøe
Published: November 2021

Ved at gribe ind overfor krænkende handlinger kan vidner medvirke til at forebygge mobning på arbejdspladsen. Forskning viser dog, at vidner til mobning ofte er passive, eller ligefrem støtter udøveren. Dette indikerer et behov for at udvikle interventioner, som får fl ere vidner til at gribe konstruktivt ind overfor krænkende handlinger. Interventioner bør igen designes og implementeres på basis af empirisk funderet teori, fremfor erfaringsbaserede formodninger. Herværende artikel, som primært er konceptuel teoretisk, udgør et forsøg på at etablere en teoretisk og metodisk forståelsesramme, som forskere og arbejdsmiljøprofessionelle kan anvende som basis for udvikling, implementering og evaluering af interventioner rettet mod vidner til mobning på arbejdspladsen. Bartholomew og Mullens (2011) model over interventionsforskning anvendes til at identifi cere faser i udviklingen af en vidneintervention samt elementer og processer, som kunne indgå i en sådan. Der præsenteres to teoretiske modeller, O’Reilly og Aquinos (2011) model over tredjeparters reaktioner på oplevet uretfærdighed og Attribution-Emotion Modellen for Stigmatisering (Dijker og Koomen, 2003; Weiner et al., 1988), som beskriver centrale mekanismer involveret i vidneadfærd. Modellernes relevans vurderes tentativt ud fra sekundær empiri, og der identifi ceres yderligere organisatoriske forhold af betydning for vidners reaktioner på krænkende handlinger. Med udgangspunkt i den præsenterede model og forskning foreslås konkrete elementer og processer, som kan indgå i en vidneintervention.
En tvivlsom håndtering af krænkende adfærd i Forsvaret
Authors: Sløk-Andersen Beate
Published: November 2021

Over de sidste par år er der via medierne fremkommet eksempler på seksuelle krænkelser og kønskrænkende adfærd i det danske forsvar. Trods en indledende uforståenhed over for historierne om kvinder, der var blevet fotograferet nøgne, befamlet og havde modtaget seksuelle tilbud, iværksatte Forsvarsministeriet i 2019 en undersøgelse af problemet. Denne blev efterfulgt af en forebyggende kampagne under overskriften ”Respekt for hinanden”. Spørgsmålet er dog, om man herved fi k løst problemet. På baggrund af et etnografi sk feltarbejde i netop det danske forsvar kastes der i denne kronik et kritisk blik på, hvordan Forsvaret har håndteret sagerne om krænkende adfærd, og der argumenteres for en større opmærksomhed på de modsatrettede forventninger, der gør det svært for soldaterne at navigere i situationer, hvor grænser bliver overskredet.
Skakmat – kan prisen for indflydelse blive for stor?
Authors: Andersen Malene Friis , Ajslev Jeppe , Tanggaard Lene , Svendsen Peter Aske
Published: November 2021

Arbejdsmiljøforskningen har fastslået, at indflydelse i arbejdet er en af de vigtigste faktorer for trivsel og oplevelsen af at kunne løse opgaverne. Men nye styringsformer og –rationaler inden for New Public Management kan binde og begrænse medarbejdernes indfl ydelse på nye måder. Med afsæt i etnografi sk feltstudie og 41 semistrukturerede interviews viser vi i denne artikel, hvordan ansatte i psykiatrien oplever, at behandlingspakker og Sundhedsplatformen standardiserer opgaveløsningen i en grad, så de oplever ikke at have tilstrækkelig indfl ydelse til at løse arbejdsopgaverne med afsæt i deres professionelle dømmekraft. Analyserne viser, at de ansatte finder veje til at øge indflydelsen i det skjulte gennem skyggearbejde og workarounds. Men den øgede indflydelse kommer med en pris i form af merarbejde, utilstrækkelighedsfølelse og frygt for afsløring. Vi viser, at de ansatte befi nder sig i en vanskelig situation, hvor de erfarer, at der ikke er lydhørhed over for deres kritik. De kan derfor vælge mellem at handle i modstrid med deres professionelle dømmekraft eller øge arbejdsintensiveringen i det skjulte.
Samspil mellem arbejdsmiljøviden, muskelskeletbesvær og fysisk belastende arbejde
Authors: Sundstrup Emil , Jensen Jesper Stejnicher Drongstrup , Wilstrup Ninna Maria Guldager , Sørensen Ole Henning , Stochkendahl Mette Jensen
Published: November 2021

Dette studie undersøger sammenhængen mellem muskelskeletbesvær (MSB) og a) viden om arbejdsmiljø og helbred blandt arbejdstagere med fysisk belastende arbejde og b) deres adgang til information om arbejdsmiljø og helbred. Derefter undersøges og diskuteres, hvorfra og i hvilket format information om arbejdsmiljø og helbred med fordel kan formidles til medarbejdere med og uden MSB. Artiklen gør brug af data fra en spørgeskemaundersøgelse hvor 2.119 medarbejdere med fysisk belastende arbejde svarede på spørgsmål om smerter i muskler og led, og kilder til og viden om arbejdsmiljø og helbred. Multivariable regressionsanalyser viste, at medarbejdere med MSB i større omfang havde både manglende adgang til information (odds-ratio=2,17; 95% konfi densinterval=[1,54-3,08]) og utilstrækkelig viden om arbejdsmiljø og helbred (odds-ratio=2,23; 95% konfi densinterval=[1,61-3,07]) sammenlignet med deres smertefrie kolleger. Medarbejdere med MSB fi k primært information om arbejdsmiljø og helbred via interne arbejdsmiljøformidlere på arbejdspladserne, men ønskede mere arbejdspladsnær information via kurser, undersøgelser på arbejdspladsen og kampagner. En fokuseret indsats for at få relevant viden om arbejdsmiljø og helbred formidlet til medarbejdere med MSB og fysisk belastende arbejde synes at have potentiale til at gøre en forskel.
Bør arbejdspladsvurderinger offentliggøres?
Authors: Dahler-Larsen Peter
Published: November 2021

Bør arbejdspladsvurderinger (APV) offentliggøres? Efter en konceptuel introduktion til evaluativ information i lyset af begreber som situerethed, relevans, kodifi cering og cirkulation præsenteres i artiklen nogle empiriske resultater fra en ny undersøgelse af APV i den offentlige sektor i Danmark. På det grundlag argumenteres for, at offentliggørelse af APV vil fremme en bedre implementering af den eksisterende lovgivning, gøre det muligt at identifi cere arbejdspladser med særskilt store arbejdsmiljøproblemer, hjælpe med at sprede gode eksempler og styrke den demokratiske kontrol med arbejdsmiljøet.
Demokratisering af arbejdslivet?
Authors: Clausen Thomas
Published: November 2021

Denne artikel har to hovedformål. Det første er at diskutere og nuancere den udbredte opfattelse i forskningslitteraturen, at økonomisk demokrati (ØD) først og fremmest var et initiativ, som havde til formål at demokratisere arbejdslivet. Det gøres ved at tage udgangspunkt i den grundopfattelse, at de makroøkonomiske aspekter af det socialdemokratiske lovforslag om ØD fra 1973 i betydelig grad er blevet forbigået i tidligere studier. Det andet hovedformål med artiklen er at vise, hvordan ØD langtfra udelukkende var et venstrefløjsanliggende, men tværtimod i en årrække også blandt fagøkonomer og arbejdsgiverorganisationer blev betragtet som et relevant samfundsøkonomisk redskab til at konsolidere og stabilisere dansk økonomi. Artiklens empiriske grundlag består af arkivmateriale, folketingsreferater, fagøkonomiske artikler og lovstof. Artiklen peger blandt sine hovedkonklusioner på, at opsparingselementet i fagbevægelsens og Socialdemokratiets ØD-planer er centralt for forståelsen af ØD i den samfundsmæssige debat.
Using Customer Journey Mapping and Design Thinking to Understand the Library’s Role in Supporting the Research Data Lifecycle
Authors: Bjornen Kay , Ippoliti Cinthya
Published: November 2021

Objective: Customer journey mapping and design thinking were identified as useful tools for identifying deeper insights into the research data service needs of researchers on our campus with their direct input. In this article we discuss ways to improve the process in order to identify data needs earlier in the project life and at a more granular level.

Methods: Customer journey mapping and design thinking were employed to get direct input from researchers about their research processes and data management needs. Responses from mapping templates and follow-up interviews were then used to identify themes to be explored using design thinking. Finally, a toolkit was created in Open Science Framework to guide other libraries who wish to employ these techniques

Results: Outcomes from the customer journey mapping and design thinking sessions identified needs in the areas of data storage, organization and sharing. We also identified project-management lessons learned. The first lesson was to ensure the researchers who participate adequately represent the range of data needs on campus. Another was that customer journey mapping would be more effective if the responses were collected in real time and researchers were allowed more flexibility in the mapping process.

Conclusions: Modifications to the customer journey mapping and design thinking techniques will provide real-time responses and deeper insights into the research data service needs of researchers on our campus. Our pilot identified some important gaps but we felt that more subtle and useful outcomes were possible by making changes to our process.
Shimmer et Chimère. Genre, transe et rimes à l’ère de l’anthropocène dans Annihilation de Jeff Vandermeer et Alex Garland
Authors: Hossaert Clément
Published: November 2021

L’ambition de cet article est de proposer une lecture d’Annihilation à l’orée des théories féministes, et sur la science-fiction populaire, Donna Haraway, Christine Cornea et Vivian Sobchack parmi d’autres, ainsi que d’utiliser la « rime » comme nouvel outil de conceptualisation de la référence au cinéma. Le film d’Alex Garland propose un épissage à la fois de créatures et de thèmes chers aux films à la croisée de la science-fiction et de l’horreur, tels qu’Alien et The Thing. Une lecture de ces références et leur nature unique nous permet de dégager une définition singulière de la science-fiction.
Immersion sous contrainte et écologie des territoires hostiles dans la série Metro : enjeux ludiques et affectifs de la pratique vidéoludique en milieu post-apocalyptique
Authors: Baychelier Guillaume
Published: November 2021

Après avoir rappelé brièvement les conditions nécessaires à l’expérience immersive vidéoludique, ce texte observe comment le recours à un récit post-apocalyptique donne aux jeux vidéo de la sérieMetro(Metro 2033,Metro: Last Light) la possibilité de mettre en oeuvre des modalités ludiques s’intégrant parfaitement à l’écologie de leur univers fictionnel. En outre, nous montrerons comment la spatialité contraignante propre à ces jeux permet d’observer l’incidence de la mise en image des jeux vidéo sur la qualité des expériences immersives qu’ils autorisent.
Les modalités de captation d’attention dans l’art immersif à l’ère de l’anthropocène
Authors: Abassi Mehrez
Published: November 2021

Notre attention, ciblée par la société hyperindustrielle (Bernard Stiegler) est l’objet d’une économie (Yves Citton), et ses modalités de capture prennent la forme de stratégies anéantissant « (…) les processus d’individuation psychique et collective qui caractérisent la vie de l’esprit. » (B. Stiegler).  Nous observerons comment les artistes actuels, par leurs dispositifs immersifs, captent notre attention sur ces phénomènes disruptifs et ces stratégies de désindividuation de l’humain. Avec Tino Sehgal, la captation devient un mode de création prompt à remplir l’espace du Palais de Tokyo de poésie visuelle, sonore, et de récits imaginaires. Le spectacteur devient l’un des rouages d’une immense « machinerie » performative, entraîné par des acteurs performers à vivre différentes expériences immersives gratifiantes, teintées de relations interhumaines. Pour Maurizio Cattelan le détournement d’attention est employé comme un procédé de captation qui retarde la perception pour, in fine, nous sidérer, et dénoncer des politiques génocidaires. Piéger le spectateur au coeur même d’un white cube scénarisé, tout en choquant sa conscience, revient à l’alerter sur les dangers de la désindividuation produite par « un monde sans ombre, illuminé 24/7, amputé de l’altérité (…). » (Jonathan Crary). Enfin, à l’ère de l’anthropocène, de la disruption sociétale et de la dénoétisation planifiée par l’industrie culturelle, une alternative humaniste en marge des marchés spéculatifs internationaux, celle de la société des Nouveaux commanditaires, réhabilite l’individu psychique. Le spectateur-citoyen y est instauré en coauteur d’une oeuvre fondée sur « la confiance pour s’entendre et non plus par un acte d’autorité. » (François Hers).
Robert-Lionel Séguin et sa collection ethnologique : démarches, méthode et réseau
Authors: Provencher-St-Pierre Laurence
Published: November 2021

La collection de plus de 20 000 objets accumulés par Robert-Lionel Séguin demeure l’un des résultats les plus visibles de l’héritage de cet ethnologue passionné. À la fin des années 1970, Séguin amorce la rédaction de fiches d’objet détaillées. Que nous apprend ce premier travail d’inventaire ? D’abord, il s’agit de présenter le contenu de ces fiches et d’en extraire les éléments les plus révélateurs de son collectionnement. Puis, le croisement de ces données avec d’autres documents d’archives, comme la correspondance entre Séguin et le folkloriste Luc Lacourcière, expose le déploiement de son réseau d’informateurs et du rôle central de celui-ci dans sa démarche de collecte. Enfin, documenter cette collection par ses archives permet d’ouvrir la réflexion sur le projet scientifique de ce chercheur-collectionneur.
Enacted Agency in a Cross-Border, Online Biliteracy Curriculum Making: Creativity and bilingual digital storytelling
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Li Wanjing
Published: November 2021

This research investigated potentials of bilingual digital story making to engage the creativity of 13 Canadian and Chinese biliteracy learners aged 11–15. Findings in this paper draw on six focal participants and their digital story creation. Informed by asset-oriented multiliteracies, new media literacies, and new materialism, this research adopted a netnography methodology to explore the communal and sociomaterial practices embedded in the intra-actions of human, matter, and virtual spaces of Seesaw and Skype. Drawing on data from six focal students, findings relate how intra-actions among researchers, teachers, students, matters, and spaces shaped participants’ creative acts. This research adds to the knowledge of developing and applying material-informed pedagogies which attend to the enacted agency among teachers, students, materials, and spaces.
In Praise of Uncertainty, Ambiguity and Wonder
Authors: White Boyd Eric
Published: November 2021

This article takes its direction from notable educators such as John Dewey and Elliot Eisner who argue in favour of endorsing uncertainty and related responses within educational practice. The argument is a push-back against current emphasis on standardization, with its accompanying focus on single right answers that don’t do justice to the complexities inherent in our daily lives. The dual nature of uncertainty is exemplified in the depiction of one person’s interactions with two famous paintings. To provide the reader with a parallel encounter with uncertainty, the article includes a short video and concludes with an ekphrastic poem in response to the video, to illustrate the points being made.
(Un)seen Undulation: Reflecting on the Ripples made by Artist-Teachers and Researchers
Authors: Vincent Adam
Published: November 2021

This Artistic and Creative Inquiry (ACI) uses personal narrative to share examples of how poetry has been successfully used in both classroom and academic support settings to enhance students’ understanding of course concepts and to identity their own learning preferences. This pragmatic discussion of poetry as a teaching tool is then coupled with a poetic exploration of artist-teacher identity and how this identity influences teaching approaches. The inquiry concludes with a discussion of the power that exists when there is an awareness and ownership of the role of artist-teacher (and researcher) and the impacts that it can have on students and ultimately society.
Come Through the Door with Me: Pondering Inventive Practice
Authors: Beleznay Shelley
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this paper is to engage readers in thinking about the art of teaching and how to support inventive practice.  Readers are invited into a classroom and immersed in a day of learning with 11 and 12-year-olds.
Biologically-oriented mud volcano database: muddy_db
Authors: Remizovschi Alexei , Carpa Rahela
Published: November 2021

Mud volcanoes (MVs) are naturally occurring hydrocarbon hotbeds with continuous methane discharge, contributing to global warming. They host microbial communities adapted to hydrocarbon oxidation. Given their research value, MVs still represent a niche topic in microbiology and are neglected by hydrocarbon-oriented research. All the data regarding MVs is sporadic and decentralized. To mitigate this problem, we built a custom Natural Language Processing pipeline (muddy_mine), and collected all the available MV data from open-access articles. Based on this data, we built the muddy_db database. The muddy_db represents the first biologically oriented database rendered as a user-friendly web app. This database includes all the relevant MV data, ranging from microbial taxonomy to hydrocarbon occurrence and geology. The muddy_mine and muddy_db tools are licensed under the GPLv3. muddy_db R Shiny web app: https://muddy-db.shinyapps.io/muddy_db/ muddy_db R package: https://github.com/TracyRage/muddy_db muddy_mine Conda package: https://github.com/TracyRage/muddy_mine.
Fine-scale plasticity in nest placement can compensate for poor quality junipers as nesting trees for gray vireos
Authors: Harris Jonathan , Smith Loren , McMurry Scott
Published: November 2021

Understanding the interactions between behavior and habitat characteristics can have important implications for species of conservation concern. Gray vireos (Vireo vicinior) are one example of a species of conservation concern that is understudied in terms of nest survival probabilities and the habitat characteristics that influence them. Our objective was to determine if habitat features such as juniper density, juniper foliage density, or tree height influence nest survival probabilities, and if gray vireo nest placement can mitigate habitat risks. Based on previous work, we expected daily nest survival probabilities to be associated with nest height and surrounding vegetation. We monitored 89 nests in central New Mexico from 2016–2018 to estimate daily nest survival probabilities. We compared variation in nest placement, nest tree characteristics, and surrounding vegetation between failed and successful nests using logistic exposure models and Akaike Information Criteria. Daily and cumulative nest survival probability were 0.983 (95% CI [0.973–0.989]) and 0.575 (95% CI [0.444–0.702]), respectively. Top models predicting nest survival included a negative interaction between nest-tree foliage density and the distance of the nest from the edge of the nesting tree. This suggests that gray vireos can mitigate risks associated with low nest concealment by nesting closer to the interior of the nesting tree.
Chemical Plant Explosion Accident (Cause) Analysis Using AcciMap and FRAM
Authors: Koo Chae-Chil , Seo Dong-Hyun , Kim Tae-Ho
Published: November 2021

To prevent accidents in chemical plants, it is important to identify the root cause of the accident and suggest countermeasures. When accident factors are known, eliminating the cause of the accident can increase its prevention. The number of factors, including social factors, in addition to human factors, is increasing. When analyzing the cause of an accident when it is complex, advanced, and the connection between processes is high, there is a growing need to approach it with an integrated system analysis method related to the organization, along with a sequential approach to determine the direct cause of the accident. Several countries have introduced and applied techniques for integrated analysis of accidents from a systematic viewpoint, such as AcciMap and the functional resonance accident model (FRAM) that were developed around 2000. However, it remains difficult to find cases or research results applied in Korea. In this study, accidents in Korean chemical factories are analyzed using systematic accident analysis techniques, and a plan to utilize systematic analysis techniques for future accident investigations is developed.
The Evaluation of Responses and Abilities of 119 EMTs to Perform Pediatric Triage
Authors: Chun Kyung-Ha , Lee Hyo-Ju
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the pediatric triage performance of 119 Emergency Medicine Technologists (EMTs) at a fire station, based on mass casualty incident scenarios of a pediatric disaster, and to evaluate effective measures of response. EMTs (N = 58) at a provincial fire station participated in this study and were asked to complete three questionnaires: one ‘general characteristics’ questionnaire, one problem solving questionnaire, consisting of questions based on mass casualty incident scenarios, and a post-questionnaire to explore the necessity of pediatric triage based on their responses. We used SPSS to analyze the data. The EMT-paramedics’ scores were high and statistically significant (p < .002). All 48 questions concerning the three scenarios were converted to a score ranging from 0 to 100 with an average score of 70.92 and an average correct response rate of 70%. We also found that the participants’ rate of recognition of the pediatric triage tool was significantly lower than that of the adult tool (p < .030). The usage rate was also low, at approximately 19.09%. After solving the questionnaire problems, the respondents reported a significantly higher score concerning the necessity of the pediatric triage tools than before (p < .006). Firefighting departments integrate pediatric triage tools into the E-triage system. However, EMTs should receive continuous training and practice to improve their pediatric triage tool classification capabilities.
Effect of Colours on Perception and Cognition of Students Belonging to Two Different Age Groups: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lalbabuprasad Shubham Gupta , Gune Anita Rahul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Colour is believed to stimulate senses. It improves the attention span and helps in developing cognitive abilities and hence, can be beneficial in the educational set-up. There is a void in literature about usefulness of colours in the education settings in India. Aim: This study was conducted to assess students’ preference, perception, emotional responses, memory, and cognition related to colours. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted over a period of two months (January-February 2018) comprised of 300 students divided into two equal groups: Group A with 13 to 18 years of age, Group B with 19 to 25 years of age. On four consecutive days, both the groups were exposed to the same power point slide with some words highlighted with a single colour (red: material related to discovery of earth’s polarity, blue: material related to arbovirus, yellow: material related to pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, or green: material related to Mangalyan). At the end of the fourth session, a validated questionnaire was used to evaluate the students’ perceptions and responses to various colours. The data were analysed using R software v 3.6.1. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to find significant differences within the group, p<0.05. Results: In group A, the highest mean preference was observed for the colour red (mean=8.02±2.83; p=2.20e-16), blue was found to be a soothing colour (n=65) and yellow helped in better recollection of facts (n=44). In contrast, in group B, the highest mean preference was observed for the colour blue (mean=8.35±3.59; p=5.90e-15). Yellow was considered a more soothing colour (n=43), and black helped in better recollection (n=41). Conclusion: Colour perception varies in different age groups. It also affects emotions, memory, and influences mood disposition.
Correlation of Serum Zinc Levels with Postpartum Depression- A Case- control Study in North Karnataka
Authors: Kavitha MM , Dharambhat Shravya , Mutalik Narayan , Chandrashekaraya SH , Kashinakunti SV
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Pregnancy is an important event in reproductive mother. At the same time it is associated with stress, which exaggerates the depression. Many factors leads to depression, among them nutrient deficiency like zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, folic acid and vitamin B12 plays a major role. Aim: To estimate and compare serum zinc levels in females with postpartum depression subjects and healthy controls. To find the relationship between serum zinc levels and extent of postpartum depression. Materials and Methods: The present study was a hospital- based case-control study, conducted over a period of three months. It included 40 postpartum depression cases and 40 healthy controls. All the participants were subjected to serum zinc levels estimation. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score was applied. The individuals who scored greater than 10 were taken as cases and those scoring less than 10 were taken as controls. Data was tabulated and results expressed as mean±SD, student’s t-test and Pearson correlation test was applied for correlation. Results: The present study found decreased serum zinc levels in postpartum depression cases compared to controls. It was found serum zinc levels in cases were 21.63±15.73 μg/dL and 54.16±19.72 μg/dL in controls. There was a negative correlation between the severity of postnatal depression and the serum zinc levels. Not only this, but certain risk factors were also identified, such as age of the mother, months of postpartum, mode of delivery, and the education of the mother. Conclusion: Decreased serum zinc levels do indeed correlate to a change in maternal mental health, and then the knowledge would not only help in diagnosis by tests, but also further patient care.
Serological Characterisation of Auto-antibodies in Patients with Direct Antiglobulin Test Positive Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tirupati, India
Authors: Keerthi Chinthapeta , Arun Rajendran , Babu Bandi Suresh , Babu Kinnera Vijaya Sreedhar , Mohan Alladi , Chandrasekhar Chodimella , Rukmangadha Nandyala , Suchitra Mm
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Haemolysis in Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA) is a result of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) or Immunoglobulin M (IgM) auto-antibodies with or without complement components binding to the Red Blood Cell (RBC) surface and initiating its destruction. Serologic evidence is provided by autocontrol or Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT). Diagnostic work-up is essential as the management depends on the antibody type. Characteristics of the bound antibody and the target antigen determine the degree of haemolysis. Serological characterisation in AIHA helps to differentiate into its various types which help the clinician to decide on the treatment to be given. Aim: To serologically characterise the auto-antibodies in patients with DAT positive AIHA at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India, from March 2019 to February 2020. A 40 consecutive patient samples were included in the study. Characterisation of antibody was done using polyspecific Anti-Human Globulin (AHG) reagent followed by mono-specific AHG reagent by gel method. If antibody was of IgG type, then the subclass was determined by a mono specific anti-IgG1 and anti-IgG3 gel card. Association between antibody types, subtype, and strength of DAT with severity of haemolysis were compared using Chi-square/Fisher’s-exact test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The total study population was 40 patients. The mean age of the study population was 45 years (range 13-78). Out of 40 patients, males were 30 (75%) and females were 10 (25%). The primary and secondary causes for AIHA include 4 (10%) and 36 (90%) respectively. Among 40 patients, 22 (55%) patients had IgG antibody alone, 17 (42.5%) patients had IgG antibody with combination of other antibodies and 1 (2.5%) had only complement (C3d). IgG1 was identified in 7 (18%) of patients, combination of IgG1 and IgG3 in 3 (7.7%). There was a significant association with IgG+combination (p-value=0.03), IgG1+IgG3 (p-value=0.029) and strength of reaction (p-value=0.003) with respect to severity of haemolysis. Conclusion: Presence of multiple antibodies, presence of IgG1 and IgG3 and with complement combination and presence of higher grading of reaction in gel column were associated with severity of haemolysis. We recommend that serological characterisation of auto-antibody in AIHA would help the clinician in assessing the severity of haemolysis so that management can be done appropriately.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of Klebsiella species with Reference to Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase
Authors: Sah Rakesh Prasad , Mukhia Rakesh Kumar , Urhekar AD , Rane Kshitija
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Klebsiella species is an important nosocomial pathogen with the emergence of Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). MDR in Klebsiella species is increasing worldwide with the production Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL). The emergence of ESBL is a critical concern in Klebsiella species due to resistance to ceftazidime and other cephalosporins which compromise the efficacy of life saving antibiotics against these infections. Aim: To know the factors responsible for antimicrobial drug resistance in Klebsiella species with respect to ESBL and their responsible genes. Materials and Methods: A prospective and experimental study was carried out over a period of three years (August 2013 to July 2016). Total 200 isolates of Klebsiella species were screened for cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The resistant strains (cefotaxime/ ceftazidime) were subjected to ESBL agar, Phenotypic Confirmatory Disc Diffusion Test (PCDDT) and Modified Three Dimensional Test (M3DT). Genetic analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was done for the detection of beta-lactamase (bla) genes i.e., blaTEM, blaSHV & blaCTX-M in 58 isolates of Klebsiella species. The data was presented using frequency and percentage. The proportion was compared using Z-test for the proportions. Results: Out of 200 isolates, 135 (67.5%) were found resistant to cefotaxime and 125 (62.5%) were resistant to ceftazidime. Among which 110 (55%), 75 (37.5%) and 95 (47.5%) Klebsiella species were found positive for production of ESBL by ESBL agar, PCDDT and M3DT respectively. PCR analysis in 48 isolates were positive by PCDDT/M3DT or both were also positive for beta- lactamase genes i.e., 43 (89.58%) blaTEM; 44 (91.67%) blaSHV and 48 (100%) blaCTX-M. Ten negative isolates either by PCDDT/M3DT or both were also negative by PCR. Co-existence of (blaTEM+blaSHV +blaCTX-M), (blaTEM+blaSHV), (blaTEM+blaCTX-M) and (blaSHV+blaCTX-M) were found 81.25%, 0%, 8.33% and 10.42%, respectively. Conclusion: The M3DT is the best phenotypic method for the confirmation of ESBL producer in Klebsiella species which is not included by CLSI while inclusion with PCDDT enhances the detection of ESBL producers. Co-existence of all three genes (blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M) in a single strain is a serious concern for us. So it is important to include M3DT and PCDDT in routine basis for the detection and management of ESBL producers which will help clinician to prescribe proper antibiotics.
ENSINO DE GRAMÁTICA(S) NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: QUESTÕES E DEBATES
Authors: Borges Humberto , Chaves Raquel Gomes
Published: November 2021

Este texto aborda a polissemia do termo gramática, ainda muito associado a um conjunto de regras do bem falar e do bem escrever, e indica os caminhos tomados pela linguística estrutural, mais precisamente da sociolinguística e da teoria gerativa, para contribuir com o ensino de gramática(s) na escola de educação básica. Menciona a necessidade de um ensino descritivo e produtivo de gramática na escola básica e descreve o crescente interesse dos pesquisadores em linguística formal em contribuir com a criação e a adoção de novas práticas e pedagogias no ensino de gramática(s). Por fim, apresenta as principais ideias dos artigos da coletânea Ensino de gramática(s): contribuições da teoria gerativa e da sociolinguística para o debate em tela.
Palavras-chave: Gramática. Ensino de gramática(s). Escola de educação básica.
LINGUÍSTICA NA ESCOLA: É POSSÍVEL FAZER CIÊNCIA DA LINGUAGEM COM PRÉ-ADOLESCENTES?
Authors: Hochsprung Vitor , Zendron da Cunha Karina
Published: November 2021

Com este artigo, temos o objetivo de compartilhar nossa experiência a partir de oficinas de linguística que foram desenvolvidas entre 2018 e 2019 com pré-adolescentes de uma escola de Blumenau-SC. A ideia do projeto foi levar � escola, como propõem Pires de Oliveira e Quarezemin (2016), a linguística enquanto uma ciência naturalista, visando ao trabalho científico a partir de reflexões sobre a gramática. Inicialmente, aplicamos um questionário para saber quais eram as opiniões e conhecimentos prévios dos alunos sobre linguística. As questões estavam relacionadas a crenças do senso comum, que seriam desmistificadas, caso necessário. Com base nessas questões, realizamos oficinas que abordaram sociolinguística, psicolinguística, aquisição de língua materna e sintaxe-semântica. Conseguimos alcançar resultados positivos, uma vez que os estudantes se mostraram participativos e curiosos, colaborando com exemplos, reflexões pessoais, questionamentos e realizando pequenas pesquisas. Além disso, na última oficina, um questionário feito através do site Kahoot demonstrou que os estudantes de fato desconstruíram vários mitos de linguagem após as oficinas. Percebemos que o conteúdo foi significativo para eles, o que nos faz defender que a linguística desperta o interesse dos alunos e que pode, portanto, tornar as aulas de gramática mais interessantes e produtivas.
PRODUTIVIDADE E CRIATIVIDADE LEXICAL NA ESCOLA BÁSICA: O QUE DIZ O MATERIAL DIDÁTICO
Authors: Pereira Carlos Gustavo Camillo , Constancio Felipe de Andrade
Published: November 2021

A escolha do modelo teórico de gramática adotado pode ser o diferencial em relação � s concepções de ensino e, consequentemente, pode ser o diferencial em relação � s questões de aprendizagem. Este trabalho revisita o modelo teórico gerativista para dele extrair a abordagem da chamada gramática subjacente, que, grosso modo, diz respeito � gramática internalizada dos falantes de uma dada língua. Para esse modelo teórico, os processos de formação de palavras envolvem muito mais que a mera “decoreba” de morfemas e de outros segmentos estruturais, uma vez que o usuário da língua passa a ser visto como um interventor, tanto em termos de produtividade quanto em questões de criatividade lexical. Para uma compreensão didática a respeito da produtividade/criatividade lexical, analisa-se o conteúdo de um livro didático (destinado a turmas de 1º ano de Ensino Médio) e chega-se � urgente discussão: pouco se investe na chamada motivação nos processos de formação de palavras na escola básica.�
ASPECTOS DE UM MÉTODO PEDAGÓGICO PARA O LUNG’IE
Authors: Agostinho Ana Lívia
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste artigo� é apresentar o método pedagógico do lung’Ie (AGOSTINHO, 2015; AGOSTINHO; ARAUJO, 2021a), língua crioula de base lexical portuguesa falada por menos de 200 pessoas na Ilha do Príncipe, São Tomé e Príncipe. A língua tem sido ensinada nas escolas do Príncipe da pré-escola até a 11ª classe como disciplina optativa desde 2009, e como obrigatória desde 2016, mas há poucos materiais didáticos para seu ensino. Ademais, discutirei o papel da linguística formal aplicada ao ensino de línguas em situação minoritária na escola, tomando por base o caso do lung’Ie, que se configura como uma língua pouco descrita e em perigo de extinção.
REDAÇÃO OU PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL? PROPOSTAS DE ESCRITA DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE IRATI, PARANÁ
Authors: Rebesco Lorena Reck Portela , Penkal Loremi Loregian
Published: November 2021

Esta pesquisa, ancorada em Geraldi (1997), Antunes (2003) e Menegassi (2013), procurou analisar se as propostas de produções textuais trabalhadas em um colégio de Irati, Paraná, estão em consonância com os princípios elencados nas Diretrizes Curriculares do Estado do Paraná, DCEs, (ter o que dizer, razão para dizer, destinatários e adequação ao gênero textual escolhido). Por meio da pesquisa procurou-se obter uma amostragem acerca de como os professores e alunos estão desenvolvendo trabalhos que envolvam a produção escrita na atualidade. A metodologia adotada consistiu na análise de comandos de produção textual de dois livros didáticos adotados pela escola pública analisada e na aplicação de sondagem em duas turmas do 2º. e do 3º. ano, ambas do ensino médio, com um total de 92 alunos investigados. Descobriuse que nem todas as propostas atendem aos preceitos estabelecidos pelas DCEs.
Economic Factors Influencing Sexual Violence against Children (SVAC) in Primary Schools of Urban District, Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Msambila Amos Ansigary , Abdallah Ahmed Ally
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted to find out the economic factors influencing sexual violence against children (SVAC) in primary schools of Urban District, Zanzibar. The study used cross sectional research design based on single research approach that is qualitative approach. The study used both primary and secondary source of data collection. Primary data were collected using interviews with semi-structure checklist guide to elicit information from the sample population while secondary data were obtained through documentary reviews from books, journals, magazines, from published and un-published paper, internet sources, University of Iringa (UoI) and Zanzibar National Libraries and from other institutions and organizations dealt with sexual violence against children  nationally and internationally. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting 20 respondents and 22 key informants for this study. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis technique where by data were organized and summarized into different themes based on conceptual description of ideas. Finally, the results were presented in the form of word text narration. The study found that poverty and shortage of basic needs to the children were the economic factors influencing to the children in primary schools. Children who came from poor family failed to meet their necessity needs in right time; hence perpetrators of sexual violence used the same opportunity to perpetrate their sexual incidents to children. The study recommended that the government, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Faith Based Organizations (FBO) and community members should establish various training programs to the medias including radios and television related to good child care practicing, child rights and child protections, and monitored their child behaviour, giving them time to express their problems and needs and sharing their ideas with promotion of gender equality at all level.
Insecticidal Activities of Leaf Methanol Extract of Clerodendrum polycephalum Baker against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Adewoyin F. B. , Odaibo A. B. , Elusiyan C. A. , Agbedahunsi J. M.
Published: November 2021

Aim: In a view to determining the capacity of Clerodendrum polycephalum to control mosquitoes, the methanol extract of the leaf was investigated for insecticidal activities using three species of mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus.

Methodology: The leaves of C. polycephalum were collected, dried and extracted with methanol.   Mosquito larvae were exposed to different concentrations for 24/48h. and sublethal concentrations (L25, 50, 75) of the extract to determine larvicidal activity and monitor growth and development respectively. Twenty (20) blood-fed female Aedes aegyti mosquitoes were allowed to lay eggs on treated filter papers for antioviposition bioassay. The crude extract was separated into N-hexane, Dichloromethane, ethyl-acetate, ethanol fractions using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography to determine the active fraction.

Results: Results showed that larval mortalities were in the order C. quiquefasciatus>A. gambiae>A. aegypti with effective concentration ranging from 250 – 8000 ppm. Mortalities at 48hr were significantly different (p<0.05) from mortalities at 24h. Of the four fractions obtained, ethanol fraction gave the highest larval mortality of 100% at 2000 ppm. Larval duration for all the three species of mosquitoes exposed to the crude extract varied between 2.25±0.5 and 3.25±0.5 days. As Antioviposition Index increased from 46.4 - 89.9, percent hatching of mosquito eggs deceased from 87.25 – 67.5% with increasing concentration.

Conclusion: The extract of C. polycephalum was found to contain insecticidal compounds which are soluble in polar solvent. The plant could be exploited in mosquito control programme.