bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slip on a mapped normal fault for the 28th December 1908 Messina earthquake (Mw 7.1) in Italy
Authors: Meschis M. , Roberts G. P. , Mildon Z. K. , Robertson J. , Michetti A. M. , Faure Walker J. P.
Published: April 2019

The 28th December 1908 Messina earthquake (Mw 7.1), Italy, caused >80,000 deaths and transformed earthquake science by triggering the study of earthquake environmental effects worldwide, yet its source is still a matter of debate. To constrain the geometry and kinematics of the earthquake we use elastic half-space modelling on non-planar faults, constrained by the geology and geomorphology of the Messina Strait, to replicate levelling data from 1907–1909. The novelty of our approach is that we (a) recognise the similarity between the pattern of vertical motions and that of other normal faulting earthquakes, and (b) for the first time model the levelling data using the location and geometry of a well-known offshore capable fault. Our results indicate slip on the capable fault with a dip to the east of 70° and 5 m dip-slip at depth, with slip propagating to the surface on the sea bed. Our work emphasises that geological and geomorphological observations supporting maps of capable non-planar faults should not be ignored when attempting to identify the sources of major earthquakes.
The changing relationship between ENSO and its extratropical response patterns
Authors: Soulard Nicholas , Lin Hai , Yu Bin
Published: April 2019

El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can influence Northern Hemisphere seasonal conditions through its interaction with the Pacific-North American pattern (PNA) and the Tropical Northern Hemisphere pattern (TNH). Possibly due to Earth’s changing climate, the variability of ENSO, as well as the zonal location of its sea-surface temperature (SST) anomaly, is changing. Along with this, the strength and location of the jet, in which these atmospheric patterns are embedded, are changing. Using a simple tracking algorithm we create a continuous time series for the zonal location of ENSO’s SST anomaly, and show that the relationship between ENSO and the PNA is linearly sensitive to this location, while its relationship with the TNH is not. ENSO’s relationship with both the TNH and PNA is shown to be strongly influenced by the position of the Pacific jet stream. The ENSO-TNH relationship is found to be linked to phase changes of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and the resulting changes in SST and jet speed.
Tropomyosin concentration but not formin nucleators mDia1 and mDia3 determines the level of tropomyosin incorporation into actin filaments
Authors: Meiring Joyce C. M. , Bryce Nicole S. , Niño Jorge Luis Galeano , Gabriel Antje , Tay Szun S. , Hardeman Edna C. , Biro Maté , Gunning Peter W.
Published: April 2019

The majority of actin filaments in human cells exist as a co-polymer with tropomyosin, which determines the functionality of actin filaments in an isoform dependent manner. Tropomyosin isoforms are sorted to different actin filament populations and in yeast this process is determined by formins, however it remains unclear what process determines tropomyosin isoform sorting in mammalian cells. We have tested the roles of two major formin nucleators, mDia1 and mDia3, in the recruitment of specific tropomyosin isoforms in mammals. Despite observing poorer cell-cell attachments in mDia1 and mDia3 KD cells and an actin bundle organisation defect with mDia1 knock down; depletion of mDia1 and mDia3 individually and concurrently did not result in any significant impact on tropomyosin recruitment to actin filaments, as observed via immunofluorescence and measured via biochemical assays. Conversely, in the presence of excess Tpm3.1, the absolute amount of Tpm3.1-containing actin filaments is not fixed by actin filament nucleators but rather depends on the cell concentration of Tpm3.1. We conclude that mDia1 and mDia3 are not essential for tropomyosin recruitment and that tropomyosin incorporation into actin filaments is concentration dependent.
Meeting global cooling demand with photovoltaics during the 21st century
Authors: Laine Hannu S. , Salpakari Jyri , Looney Erin E. , Savin Hele , Peters Ian Marius , Buonassisi Tonio
Published: April 2019

Global assessment of increased PV electricity adoption enabled by the residential cooling sector during the 21st century.
Facet-mediated interaction between humic acid and TiO2 nanoparticles: implications for aggregation and stability kinetics in aquatic environments
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Weimin , Zhao Huanxin , Zhao Lixia , Gan Li-Yong , Guo Liang-Hong
Published: April 2019

Humic acid improves TiO2 nanocrystal stability in a facet dependent manner due to the facet-specific SRHA coordination on the TiO2 surface.
Construction of a hybrid gene cluster to reveal coupled ring formation–hydroxylation in the biosynthesis of HSAF and analogues from Lysobacter enzymogenes
Authors: Li Xue , Wang Haoxin , Li Yaoyao , Du Liangcheng
Published: April 2019

HSAF and analogues are polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PoTeMs) isolated from Lysobacter enzymogenes.
Phloroglucinol heterodimers and bis-indolyl alkaloids from the sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41018
Authors: Guo Cui , Wang Pei , Lin Xiuping , Salendra Limbadri , Kong Fandong , Liao Shengrong , Yang Bin , Zhou Xuefeng , Wang Junfeng , Liu Yonghong
Published: April 2019

Gilluones A–C (1–3), three new phloroglucinol heterodimers, asterriquinones I–K (4–6), three new bis-indolylquinones, and asterriquinols G–I (7–9), three new bis-indolylbenzenoids, were isolated from the sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41018.
Acrylate-assisted fractal nanostructured polymer dispersed liquid crystal droplet based vibrant colored smart-windows
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Hong Hyeryeon , Choi Woosuk , Akhtar Imtisal , Rehman Malik Abdul , Seo Yongho
Published: April 2019

Vibrant colored smart-windows were fabricated based on acrylate-assisted fractal nanostructured polymer dispersed liquid crystals.
Peroxidation of 2-oxindole and barbituric acid derivatives under batch and continuous flow using an eco-friendly ethyl acetate solvent
Authors: Chaudhari Moreshwar B. , Mohanta Nirmala , Pandey Akanksha M. , Vandana Madhusoodhanan , Karmodiya Krishanpal , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy
Published: April 2019

We have demonstrated the magnetically retrievable Fe(OH)3Fe3O4catalyzed C–H peroxidation of 2-oxindole and barbituric acid derivatives under batch and continuous flow process for the first time.
An efficient binary cathode interlayer for large-bandgap non-fullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Yin Qingwu , Zhang Kai , Zhang Long , Jia Jianchao , Zhang Xi , Pang Shuting , Xu Qing-Hua , Duan Chunhui , Huang Fei , Cao Yong
Published: April 2019

A binary cathode interlayer with both efficient charge extraction and transportation properties for large-bandgap non-fullerene OSCs.
Platinum(ii) binuclear complexes: molecular structures, photophysical properties, and applications
Authors: Chaaban Maya , Zhou Chenkun , Lin Haoran , Chyi Brandon , Ma Biwu
Published: April 2019

Platinum(ii) binuclear complexes with two metal centers facing each other are reviewed based on their molecular structures, photophysical properties, and applications in light emitting and sensing devices.
Optimal charging strategy for electric vehicles using symbolic–graphic combination principle
Authors: Zhang Jialei , Pei Yunqing , Shen Jiaming , Wang Laili , Ding Tao
Published: April 2019

To provide reliable technical support for the power grid to accommodate the increasing electric vehicle (EV) penetration, various charging strategies have been studied in the literature. Considering the difficulties of the device‐level implementation and the limitations of the current EV charger technology, this study focuses on co‐ordinating the charging start time (i.e. the time instant when each EV starts charging). To avoid excessive reduction of the adjustable range of the charging start time, this study applies a symbolic–graphic combination principle to address this problem. This involves formulating the valley‐filling charging problem as a rectangle packing problem, which is equivalent to divide the valley‐filling problem into two sub‐problems: filling the load valley and optimising the valley‐filling effect. Furthermore, a Zero‐Gap Lowest Horizontal line (ZGLH) algorithm is proposed to fill the load valley without producing any undesirable gaps. In addition, a genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to further optimise the valley‐filling effect by regulating the scheduled sequence. The proposed ZGLH algorithm can guarantee the charging start time to be continuously regulated within the controllable range rather than discretely regulated as in other works, and it does not add extra computational overhead. The effectiveness of the optimal charging strategy was quantitatively verified by several simulation cases.
Circularly polarised wideband quadrifilar helix antenna with ultra‐wide beamwidth isoflux pattern for a S‐band satellite ground station
Authors: Taherkhani Mehdi , Tayebpour Jalaledin , Radiom Soheil , Aliakbarian Hadi
Published: April 2019

A quadrifilar helix antenna (QHA), with an improved isoflux radiation pattern for S‐band satellite ground stations, is designed and fabricated. The performance of the antenna with respect to its beam pattern, axial ratio and efficiency is investigated. To have optimum coverage of a low earth orbit satellite rotating the Earth's surface with one fixed pattern ground station antenna, an ultra‐wide beamwidth isoflux pattern covering the complete upper hemisphere is required. The presented QHA antenna not only satisfies the required beam shape but also its pattern stays unchanged within a wide bandwidth. Besides that, an efficient Wilkinson power divider as the antenna's feed is designed to match the input impedance of helices appropriately, resulting in efficiency enhancement to >85%. The measured results, which indicate the performances of the proposed antenna in terms of the reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and axial ratio, are in good agreement with the simulation results within 2 to 2.2 GHz frequency band.
Development of strain energy harvester as an alternative power source for the wearable biomedical diagnostic system
Authors: Balpande Suresh S. , Kalambe Jayu P. , Pande Rajesh S.
Published: April 2019

The human body is considered as a rich source of energy in the forms of body motion, heat etc. These energies can be trapped to develop a viable energy source, which confines the long‐term serviceability. The battery drove wearable systems suffer from critical issues such as weight, limited lifespan and lack of biocompatibility. It is the main hurdle in gaining market acceptance for wearables. Rapid growths of wearable for biosensing motivate them to use it for health monitoring. This work describes the complete fabrication flow for low‐cost energy harvesting device as an alternative power source for wearable biomedical diagnostic system with prime focus on biocompatibility, deformability and conformability. The conversion of body motional energy into electrical energy is carried out using zinc oxide piezoelectric material, polydimethylsiloxane substrate and silver fabric electrodes. The estimated power demand of the biomedical sensing modules lies in the range of 1–100 μW. It is observed that optimum power can be harvested when the device is placed between socks fabric and foot sole. The power level of 106 µWpeak or 22 µWrms has been recorded which reveals the feasibility as an alternative power source.
A restart scheme for the Dai–Liao conjugate gradient method by ignoring a direction of maximum magnification by the search direction matrix
Authors: Aminifard Zohre , Babaie-Kafaki Saman
Published: April 2019

As known, finding an effective restart procedure for the conjugate gradient methods has been considered as an open problem. Here, we aim to study the problem for the Dai–Liao conjugate gradient method. In this context, based on a singular value analysis conducted on the Dai–Liao search direction matrix, it is shown that when the gradient approximately lies in the direction of the maximum magnification by the matrix, the method may get into some computational errors as well as it may converge hardly. In such situation, ignoring the Dai–Liao search direction in the sense of performing a restart may enhance the numerical stability as well as may accelerate the convergence. Numerical results are reported; they demonstrate effectiveness of the suggested restart procedure in the sense of the Dolan–Moré performance profile.
Grenzen der Hilfeleistungspflicht des Notarztes im öffentlichen Rettungsdienst
Authors: Geser Felix
Published: April 2019

Die Tätigkeiten im Notarzt- und Rettungsdienst sind häufig mit persönlichen Gefährdungen verbunden. Im Vordergrund steht jedoch immer die Problematik der Gefährdungssituationen, die durch den Notarzt wahrgenommen werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird vor allem vor dem Hintergrund der Erforderlichkeit und Zumutbarkeit die Frage diskutiert, ob und inwieweit ein Notarzt zum Handeln verpflichtet ist. Im Ergebnis ist objektiv typisierend auf den Facharztstandard beziehungsweise den Indikationskatalog für den Notarzteinsatz in Kombination mit arzt-/berufsrechtlichen Gesichtspunkten (zum Beispiel Freiberuflichkeit) hinzuweisen. Es handelt sich jedoch immer um eine Einzelfallbetrachtung und um eine individuelle, fallbezogene Entscheidung. Bei seltenen, sehr unwahrscheinlichen Situationen mit relativer Ermangelung von objektiv typisierbaren Gesichtspunkten werden die Anforderungen, aber auch die Chancen an die „höchstpersönliche“ Berufsausübung und an die Persönlichkeit des Arztes (vor allem in der Entscheidungsfindung) umso größer.
Phlebologische Funktionsdiagnostik: Praktische
Anwendung
Authors: Kahl S. , Bruning G. , Woitalla-Bruning J.
Published: April 2019

Trotz der Dominanz der farbkodierten Duplexsonografie in der Diagnostik der
Phlebologie gibt es weiterhin Fragestellungen, bei denen klassische Verfahren
der phlebologischen Funktionsdiagnostik eine wichtige Rolle bei der
Therapieentscheidung spielen.

Während die farbkodierte Duplexsonografie detaillierten Aufschluss über die
Kaliber und die Refluxsituation des Venensystems liefern kann, ist sie jedoch
nicht in der Lage, eine abschließende Aussage zur Hämodynamik zu treffen. Hierzu
dient die venöse Funktionsdiagnostik und als Referenzverfahren insbesondere die
invasive Phlebodynamometrie (PDM). Die PDM ist die einzige Methode zur direkten
Messung der ambulatorischen venösen Hypertonie und hat daher eine große
Bedeu-tung im Rahmen der funktionellen phlebologischen Diagnostik, insbesondere
beim postthrombostischen Syndrom (PTS). Sie kann am verlässlichsten darüber
Auskunft geben, ob es sich bei Vorliegen einer Varikosis mit kurzem Reflux im
Rahmen eines PTS um eine besserbare Varikosis handelt oder nicht.

Das Ziel dieses dreiteiligen Artikels besteht darin, die praktische Anwendung der
klassischen Verfahren zur phlebologischen Funktionsdiagnostik im klinischen
Rahmen zu demonstrieren und die Aussagekraft der entsprechend erhobenen Daten zu
erläutern. Die praktische Anwendung der digitalen Photoplethysmografie (D-PPG),
der PDM und der Venenverschlussplethysmografie (VVP) ist prinzipiell nicht
schwer. Für die Durchführung wird jedoch geschultes Personal benötigt, um
Anwendungs- und Messfehler zu vermeiden. In diesem ersten Teil soll die digitale
Photoplethysmografie vorgestellt und erläutert werden.
Präklinische Reanimation eines extrem kleinen Frühgeborenen an der Grenze der Lebensfähigkeit – Kasuistik
Authors: Schwaberger Bernhard , Schörghuber Michael , Schober Lukas , Eichinger Michael , Urlesberger Berndt
Published: April 2019

Die Kasuistik beschreibt die präklinische Reanimation eines extrem unreifen Frühgeborenen an der Grenze der Lebensfähigkeit. Es werden Aspekte des Wärmemanagements, der Atemwegssicherung und Notfallbeatmung, der Ausstattung von Notarztwagen und des Gestationsalter-abhängigen Vorgehens diskutiert.
Ein Feedbacksystem eignet sich zum Training der Basismaßnahmen der Reanimation
Authors: Sander Henning , Gnirke André , Reifferscheid Florian , Matschuck Guido
Published: April 2019

Der Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand soll innerklinisch und präklinisch standardisiert nach aktuellen Leitlinien versorgt werden. Die Umsetzung der Leitlinien und der Qualität der jeweiligen Skills scheint heterogen zu sein und bedarf des kontinuierlichen Trainings für Laienhelfer und für medizinisches Fachpersonal. Die feedbackgestützte Thoraxkompression rückt aktuell nicht nur in der Lehre, sondern auch in der Anwendung am Patienten in den Fokus. Anhand von 2 gleich stark eingeteilten Gruppen mit jeweils 21 Probanden wurden 3 Messungen durchgeführt. Es fanden 2 Teammessungen anhand eines CPR-Szenarios und eine Einzelmessung mit den Schwerpunkten CPR, Kompression und Beatmung statt. Insgesamt wurden jeweils 19 Fertigkeiten gemessen und ausgewertet. Vor jeder Messung trainierte die Interventionsgruppe zusätzlich an dem RQI-System (Resuscitation Quality Improvement Program®) Die Standardgruppe nahm ausschließlich an dem herkömmlich geplanten Unterricht zusammen mit der Interventionsgruppe teil. In der Systematik von Unterschiedshypothesen wurden die Mittelwerte entweder mit dem t-Test oder mit dem Whitney-U-Test auf Signifikanz getestet (p < 0,05). In der 1. Messung zeigten sich keine signifikanten Mittelwertunterschiede. In der 2. und 3. Messung konnten vor allem bei den die Kompression betreffenden Fertigkeiten signifikante Unterschiede zugunsten der Interventionsgruppe gemessen werden. Während der Ausbildung eingesetzte Feedbacksysteme können die Reanimationsfertigkeiten in der Trainingssituation gegenüber herkömmlichen Trainings verbessern.
Preoperative Considerations in Occipital Artery-high-riding Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Bypass: A Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review
Authors: Kim Yeong-Jin , Kim Jae-Young , Cho Yong-Hwan , Kim You-Sub , Kim Tae-Sun , Joo Sung-Pil
Published: April 2019

Nonsaccular vertebral artery aneurysms involving the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are rare. Treatment is considered a significant challenge because of their angiographic and anatomical features, especially in high-riding PICA. Therefore, meticulous preoperative angiographic and anatomical evaluation is necessary. Moreover, consideration of the distance between the cerebellar skull base and caudal loop of the PICA is important. We present two cases of occipital artery-high-riding PICA bypass and discuss important preoperative technical considerations.
Characteristics of electromagnetic wave transmission and reflection from isotropic plasma coated circular nihility cylinder
Authors: Shehzad M. H. , Bashir M. , Yaqoob M. Z. , Ghaffar A. , Alkanhal Majeed , Khan Y.
Published: April 2019

Theoretical investigation has been carried out to study the scattering and transmission of electromagnetic energy from isotropic plasma coated circular nihility cylinder. The physical modeling of the problem is done in frame work of classical scattering theory. All the fields are expanded in terms of cylindrical vector wave functions (CVWFs). The analytical as well as numerical solution for both Transverse Electric (TE) and Transverse Magnetic (TM) polarizations is presented. The unknown scattering coefficients are computed by implementing the boundary conditions at each interface (free space/plasma and plasma/nihility). The influence of plasma parameters i.e., plasma density (ND) and effective collision frequency (v) on the bistatic echo width is analyzed and it is concluded that the plasma coating can be used to control and tune the scattering amplitude. Further it is also concluded that for the case ω > ωp the scattering amplitude is much less than for the case ω < ωp. Under special conditions, the results of present work compared with the published literature and good agreement is found.
The effect of perennial ryegrass ploidy and white clover inclusion on milk production of dairy cows
Authors: McClearn Bríd , Gilliland Trevor , Guy Clare , Dineen Michael , Coughlan Fergal , McCarthy Brian
Published: April 2019

Grazed grass is considered the cheapest feed available for dairy cows in temperate regions, and to maximise profits, dairy farmers must utilise this high-quality feed where possible. Recent research has reported that including white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in grass swards can have a positive effect on milk production. The aim of the present study was to quantify the effect of tetraploid and diploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.; PRG) swards sown with and without white clover on the milk production of grazing dairy cows. Four grazing treatments were used for the study; tetraploid-only PRG swards, diploid-only PRG swards, tetraploid PRG with white clover swards and diploid PRG with white clover swards. Thirty cows were assigned to each treatment and swards were rotationally grazed at a stocking rate of 2.75 cows/ha and a nitrogen-fertiliser application rate of 250 kg/ha annually. There was no significant effect of ploidy on milk production. Over the present 4-year study, cows grazing the PRG–white clover treatments had greater milk yields (+597 kg/cow.year) and milk-solid yield (+48 kg/cow.year) than cows grazing the PRG-only treatments. This significant increase in milk production suggests that the inclusion of white clover in grazing systems can be effectively used to increase milk production of grazing dairy cows.
Targeting the NFAT:AP-1 transcriptional complex on DNA with a small-molecule inhibitor
Authors: Mognol Giuliana P. , González-Avalos Edahí , Ghosh Srimoyee , Spreafico Roberto , Gudlur Aparna , Rao Anjana , Damoiseaux Robert , Hogan Patrick G.
Published: April 2019

The transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) has a key role in both T cell activation and tolerance and has emerged as an important target of immune modulation. NFAT directs the effector arm of the immune response in the presence of activator protein-1 (AP-1), and T cell anergy/exhaustion in the absence of AP-1. Envisioning a strategy for selective modulation of the immune response, we designed a FRET-based high-throughput screen to identify compounds that disrupt the NFAT:AP-1:DNA complex. We screened ∼202,000 small organic compounds and identified 337 candidate inhibitors. We focus here on one compound,N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-2-[5-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]sulfanylacetamide (Compound 10), which disrupts the NFAT:AP-1 interaction at the composite antigen-receptor response element-2 site without affecting the binding of NFAT or AP-1 alone to DNA. Compound 10 binds to DNA in a sequence-selective manner and inhibits the transcription of theIl2gene and several other cyclosporin A-sensitive cytokine genes important for the effector immune response. This study provides proof-of-concept that small molecules can inhibit the assembly of specific DNA–protein complexes, and opens a potential new approach to treat human diseases where known transcription factors are deregulated.
Translanguaging as an expression of transnational identity
Authors: Regnoli Giuliana
Published: April 2019

Non-linguists are usually able to discriminate accurately between different language patterns (Niedzielski and
Preston 2003; Preston 2010) although long-standing scholarly tradition has often, if
not always, contradicted their views of language (Boas 1917; Bloomfield, in Hall 1950).
Moreover, in diasporic settings, speakers’ constant need of renegotiating the problem of ethnicity is often resolved in their
willingness to shed their regional, linguistic and ethnic identities to the detriment of their more general pan-Indian one (Jayaram 2004). In an Indian diasporic community situated in Heidelberg, Germany,
perceived subtle differences in L2 phonological characteristics may index local and situated ethnic identities. In order to
ascertain whether dialectal variation has salience for the community, this paper presents findings on how translanguaging might be
a valuable linguistic resource in the expression of speakers’ ethnic identities. A qualitative analysis of questionnaires,
interviews and informal conversations has delineated a new ‘diaspora consciousness’ (Vertovec
1997) in light of the transient aspect of the community in question.
Construction of polyanilne/ITO electrode for electrochemical sensor applications
Authors: Ahmad Khursheed , Mobin Shaikh M
Published: April 2019

Herein, we have report electrochemical synthesis of polyanilne (PANI) films on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate using cyclic voltammetry. The formation of PANI was determined by powder x-ray diffraction = PXRD and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy  = FTIR measurements. The surface morphology of the electrochemically grown PANI on ITO glass (ITO/PANI) was found to be rod like as confirmed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy = FE-SEM analysis. Further, this prepared film was used as working electrode for the electrochemical sensing of p-nitrophenol (p-NP). The ITO/PANI based p-NP sensor exhibited interesting detection limit of 2 ± 0.5 μM. The performance of ITO/PANI electrode was also found selective and reproducible using cyclic voltammetry.
On the arithmetic and the geometry of skew-reciprocal polynomials
Authors: Liechti Livio
Published: April 2019

We reformulate Lehmer’s question from 1933 and a question due to Schinzel and Zassenhaus from 1965 in terms of a comparison of the Mahler measures and the houses, respectively, of monic integer reciprocal and skew-reciprocal polynomials of the same degree. This entails understanding that the difference between orientation-preserving and orientation-reversing mapping classes is at least as complicated as answering these questions.
Generalization of a connectedness result to cohomologically complete intersections
Authors: Hellus Michael
Published: April 2019

It is a well-known result from Hartshorne that, in projective space over a field, every set-theoretical complete intersection of positive dimension is connected in codimension one. Another important connectedness result (also from Hartshorne) is that a local ring with disconnected punctured spectrum has depth at most 

1
1

. The two results are related; Hartshorne calls the latter “the keystone to the proof” of the former.

In this short note we show how the latter result generalizes smoothly from set-theoretical to cohomologically complete intersections, i.e., to ideals for which there is in terms of local cohomology no obstruction to be a complete intersection.

The proof is based on the fact that for cohomologically complete intersections over a complete local ring, the endomorphism ring of the (only) local cohomology module is the ring itself and hence is indecomposable as a module.
INDRA-IPM: interactive pathway modeling using natural language with automated assembly
Authors: Todorov Petar V , Gyori Benjamin M , Bachman John A , Sorger Peter K
Published: April 2019

INDRA-IPM (Interactive Pathway Map) is a web-based pathway map modeling tool that combines natural language processing with automated model assembly and visualization. INDRA-IPM contextualizes models with expression data and exports them to standard formats.

Availability and implementation

INDRA-IPM is available at: http://pathwaymap.indra.bio. Source code is available at http://github.com/sorgerlab/indra_pathway_map. The underlying web service API is available at http://api.indra.bio:8000.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Women’s appraisal of the management of vulvodynia by their general practitioner: a qualitative study
Authors: Leusink Peter , Steinmann Renee , Makker Merel , Lucassen Peter L , Teunissen Doreth , Lagro-Janssen Antoine L , Laan Ellen T
Published: April 2019

Background

Provoked Vulvodynia (PVD) is the most common cause of vulvar pain. General practitioners (GPs) are insufficiently familiar with it, causing a delay in many women receiving correct diagnosis and treatment. Besides patients factors, this delay can partly be explained by the reluctance of GPs to explore the sexual context of PVD and by their negative emotional reactions such as helplessness and frustration when consulted by patients with medically unexplained symptoms like PVD.

Objective

To gain insight into how women with PVD perceive and evaluate condition management by their GP, in order to support GPs in the consultation of women with PVD.

Methods

We performed face-to-face in-depth interviews with women diagnosed with PVD. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. The Consolidated Criteria for reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ-criteria) were applied.

Results

Analysis of the interviews generated four interrelated themes: Doctor-patient relationship, Lack of knowledge, Referral process and Addressing sexual issues. Empathy of the GP, involvement in decision-making and referral were important factors in the appreciation of the consultation for women with PVD who were referred to a specialist. Because women were reluctant to start a discussion about sexuality, they expected a proactive attitude from their GP. The communication with and the competence of the GP ultimately proved more important in the contact than the gender of the GP.

Conclusion

Women with PVD prefer a patient-centred approach and want GPs to acknowledge their autonomy and to address sexuality proactively.
Accumulating computational resource usage of genomic data analysis workflow to optimize cloud computing instance selection
Authors: Ohta Tazro , Tanjo Tomoya , Ogasawara Osamu
Published: April 2019

Background

Container virtualization technologies such as Docker are popular in the bioinformatics domain because they improve the portability and reproducibility of software deployment. Along with software packaged in containers, the standardized workflow descriptors Common Workflow Language (CWL) enable data to be easily analyzed on multiple computing environments. These technologies accelerate the use of on-demand cloud computing platforms, which can be scaled according to the quantity of data. However, to optimize the time and budgetary restraints of cloud usage, users must select a suitable instance type that corresponds to the resource requirements of their workflows.

Results

We developed CWL-metrics, a utility tool for cwltool (the reference implementation of CWL), to collect runtime metrics of Docker containers and workflow metadata to analyze workflow resource requirements. To demonstrate the use of this tool, we analyzed 7 transcriptome quantification workflows on 6 instance types. The results revealed that choice of instance type can deliver lower financial costs and faster execution times using the required amount of computational resources.

Conclusions

CWL-metrics can generate a summary of resource requirements for workflow executions, which can help users to optimize their use of cloud computing by selecting appropriate instances. The runtime metrics data generated by CWL-metrics can also help users to share workflows between different workflow management frameworks.
Plus-one Generated and Next to Free Arrangements of Hyperplanes
Authors: Abe Takuro
Published: April 2019

We introduce a new class of arrangements of hyperplanes, called (strictly) plus-one generated arrangements, from algebraic point of view. Plus-one generatedness is close to freeness, that is, plus-one generated arrangements have their logarithmic derivation modules generated by dimension plus-one elements, with relations containing one linear form coefficient. We show that strictly plus-one generated arrangements can be obtained if we delete a hyperplane from free arrangements. We show a relative freeness criterion in terms of plus-one generatedness. In particular, for plane arrangements, we show that a free arrangement is in fact surrounded by free or strictly plus-one generated arrangements. We also give several applications.
Focusing on the Positive
Authors: Tylka Tracy L.
Published: April 2019

This volume provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive, research-based resource that addresses the breadth of innovative theoretical concepts and related practice in positive ways of living in the body, while it also sets agendas for further expansion. This introduction first defines the core domains that represent positive ways of living in the body: positive body image and positive embodiment. Next, it provides evidence that studying these domains offers a unique perspective that extends beyond what is known about negative body image. It then explicates the points of convergence and divergence between positive body image and embodiment. It ends with an overview of the three sections of the volume: the varied constructs that represent positive ways of living in the body (Section I), environmental factors that nurture these constructs as protective factors for well-being (Section II), and interventions to cultivate positive body image and positive embodiment (Section III).
Time-Out Procedures in School Settings
Authors: O’Handley Roderick D. , Olmi D. Joe , Kennedy Abigail
Published: April 2019

Time-out is a consequence-based strategy that includes altering a child’s environment such that he or she has relatively less contact with reinforcement, contingent upon a target behavior. Time-out may be considered a type of negative punishment procedure because it includes the removal of reinforcing stimuli, resulting in a decrease in the future frequency of a target behavior. This chapter describes time-out and several notable variations of time-out that range along a continuum of intrusiveness. In addition, procedural elements commonly incorporated within time-out are briefly described, followed by additional considerations when using time-out in school settings.
Evaluation of the Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool for Postoperative Disposition Needs After Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Berger Ian , Piazza Matthew , Sharma Nikhil , Glauser Gregory , Osiemo Benjamin , McClintock Scott D , Lee John Y K , Schuster James M , Ali Zarina , Malhotra Neil R
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Bundled care payment models are becoming more prevalent in neurosurgery. Such systems place the cost of postsurgical facilities in the hands of the discharging health system. Opportunity exists to leverage prediction tools for discharge disposition by identifying patients who will not benefit from prolonged hospitalization and facilitating discharge to post-acute care facilities.

OBJECTIVE

To validate the use of the Risk Assessment and Predictive Tool (RAPT) along with other clinical variables to predict discharge disposition in a cervical spine surgery population.

METHODS

Patients undergoing cervical spine surgery at our institution from June 2016 to February 2017 and over 50 yr old had demographic, surgical, and RAPT variables collected. Multivariable regression analyzed each variable's ability to predict discharge disposition. Backward selection was used to create a binomial model to predict discharge disposition.

RESULTS

A total of 263 patients were included in the study. Lower RAPT score, RAPT walk subcomponent, older age, and a posterior approach predicted discharge to a post-acute care facility compared to home. Lower RAPT also predicted an increased risk of readmission. RAPT score combined with age increased the predictive capability of discharge disposition to home vs skilled nursing facility or acute rehabilitation compared to RAPT alone (P < .001).

CONCLUSION

RAPT score combined with age is a useful tool in the cervical spine surgery population to predict postdischarge needs. This tool may be used to start early discharge planning in patients who are predicted to require post-acute care facilities. Such strategies may reduce postoperative utilization of inpatient resources.
Telemedicine and Infectious Diseases Practice: A Leap Forward or a Step Back?
Authors: Abdel-Massih Rima C , Mellors John W
Published: April 2019

Infectious Diseases (ID) specialists pride themselves on performing a thorough history and physical exam, and developing a comprehensive diagnosis and management plan. A timely question is whether this tradition is at risk from the coming wave of telemedicine in clinical practice? It would not be if ID specialists embrace the changes ahead and leverage new technologies to enhance the efficiency and reach of their clinical practices. In this report, we highlight the opportunities and challenges offered by telemedicine for ID practice (Table 1).
Inheritance of Virulence and Linkages of Virulence Genes in an Ethiopian Isolate of the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) Determined Through Sexual Recombination on Berberis holstii (Retracted)
Authors: Siyoum Gebreslasie Zeray , Zeng Qingdong , Zhao Jie , Chen Xianming , Badebo Ayele , Tian Yuan , Huang Lili , Kang Zhensheng , Zhan Gangming
Published: April 2019

The authors of Siyoum et al. 103:2451-2459 (2019) retracted this article because it proved to contain errors in statistical analyses of the data and subsequent data interpretations. This article was retracted on 14 November 2019.

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most devastating wheat diseases in Ethiopia. To study virulence genetics of the pathogen, 117 progeny isolates were produced through sexual reproduction of an Ethiopian isolate of the stripe rust pathogen on Berberis holstii plants under controlled conditions. The parental and progeny isolates were characterized by phenotyping on wheat lines carrying single Yr genes for resistance and genotyped using 10 polymorphic simple sequence repeated (SSR) markers. The progeny isolates were classified into 37 virulence phenotypes and 75 multilocus genotypes. The parental isolate and progeny isolates were all avirulent to resistance genes Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24, Yr32, YrTr1, YrSP, and Yr76 but virulent to Yr1 and Yr2, indicating that the parental isolate was homozygous avirulent or homozygous virulent at these loci. The progeny isolates segregated for virulence to 12 Yr genes. Virulence phenotypes to Yr6, Yr28, Yr43, and Yr44 were controlled by a single dominant gene; those to Yr7, Yr9, Yr17, Yr27, Yr25, Yr31, and YrExp2 were each controlled by two dominant genes; and the virulence phenotype to Yr8 was controlled by two complementary dominant genes. A linkage map was constructed with seven SSR markers, and 16 virulence loci corresponding to 11 Yr resistance genes were mapped with some loci linked to each other. These results are useful in understanding host–pathogen interactions and selecting resistance genes to develop wheat cultivars with highly effective resistance to stripe rust.
A High-Throughput Microtiter-Based Fungicide Sensitivity Assay for Oomycetes Using Z′-Factor Statistic
Authors: Noel Zachary A. , Rojas Alejandro J. , Jacobs Janette L. , Chilvers Martin I.
Published: April 2019

Current methods to quantitatively assess fungicide sensitivity for a diverse range of oomycetes are slow and labor intensive. Microtiter-based assays can be used to increase throughput. However, many factors can affect their quality and reproducibility. Therefore, efficient and reliable methods for detection of assay quality are desirable. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a robust high-throughput fungicide phenotyping assay based on spectrophotometric quantification of mycelial growth in liquid culture and implementation of quality control with Z′ factor and growth curves. Z′ factor was used to ensure that each isolate grew enough in the absence of fungicides compared with the negative control, and growth curves were used to ensure active growth at the time of concentration of a fungicide that reduces growth by 50% (EC50) estimation. EC50 and relative growth values were correlated in a side-by-side comparison with values obtained using the amended medium (gold standard) assay. Concordance correlation indicated that the high-throughput assay is accurate but may not be as precise as the amended medium assay. To demonstrate the utility of the high-throughput assay, the sensitivity of 216 oomycete isolates representing four genera and 81 species to mefenoxam and ethaboxam was tested. The assay developed herein will enable high-throughput fungicide phenotyping at a population or community level.
Implication of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, Collagen Protein in Begomoviruses Acquisition and Transmission
Authors: Rana Vipin Singh , Popli Sonam , Saurav Gunjan Kumar , Raina Harpreet Singh , Jamwal Rohit , Chaubey Rahul , Ramamurthy V. V. , Natarajan K. , Rajagopal Raman
Published: April 2019

Begomoviruses are the largest group of plant viruses transmitted exclusively by the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), in a persistent, circulative, and nonpropagative manner. Begomoviruses in association with B. tabaci cause enormous loss to world agricultural crops. Transmission, retention, and circulation of begomovirus in B. tabaci are facilitated by its interaction with several proteins of the insect and its endosymbionts. However, very few such proteins have been identified from B. tabaci that are involved in this specific interaction. Here, we have performed yeast two-hybrid assay between B. tabaci complementary DNA expression library and the coat protein (CP) of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and cotton leaf curl Rajasthan virus (CLCuV). Collagen was the common protein found to be interacting with both of the viruses. The collagen protein was found to be localized in gut layers of B. tabaci. Additionally, pull-down and dot-blot assays confirmed the association of endogenous collagen with ToLCNDV CP. Immunolocalization analysis also showed colocalization of ToLCNDV particles and collagen within insect gut. Finally, B. tabaci fed on anticollagen antibody and exhibited ∼46% reduction in ToLCNDV transmission, suggesting a supportive role for collagen in virus transmission.
Postresuscitation Care after Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Kirkegaard Hans , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Skrifvars Markus , Søreide Eldar
Published: April 2019

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. With the introduction of targeted temperature management more than a decade ago, postresuscitation care has attracted increased attention. In the present review, we discuss best practice hospital management of unconscious out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with a special focus on targeted temperature management. What is termed post–cardiac arrest syndrome strikes all organs and mandates access to specialized intensive care. All patients need a secured airway, and most patients need hemodynamic support with fluids and/or vasopressors. Furthermore, immediate coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention, when indicated, has become an essential part of the postresuscitation treatment. Targeted temperature management with controlled sedation and mechanical ventilation is the most important neuroprotective strategy to take. Targeted temperature management should be initiated as quickly as possible, and according to international guidelines, it should be maintained at 32° to 36°C for at least 24 h, whereas rewarming should not increase more than 0.5°C per hour. However, uncertainty remains regarding targeted temperature management components, warranting further research into the optimal cooling rate, target temperature, duration of cooling, and the rewarming rate. Moreover, targeted temperature management is linked to some adverse effects. The risk of infection and bleeding is moderately increased, as is the risk of hypokalemia and magnesemia. Circulation needs to be monitored invasively and any deviances corrected in a timely fashion. Outcome prediction in the individual patient is challenging, and a self-fulfilling prophecy poses a real threat to early prognostication based on clinical assessment alone. Therefore, delayed and multimodal prognostication is now considered a key element of postresuscitation care. Finally, modern postresuscitation care can produce good outcomes in the majority of patients but requires major diagnostic and therapeutic resources and specific training. Hence, recent international guidelines strongly recommend the implementation of regional prehospital resuscitation systems with integrated and specialized cardiac arrest centers.
In Vivo PSMA Expression in Head and Neck Paragangliomas on 68Ga PSMA 11 PET/CT
Authors: Tripathy Sarthak , Tripathi Madhavi , Dattagupta Shreya , Parida Girish Kumar , Shamim Shamim Ahmed
Published: April 2019

Head and neck paragangliomas are rare and often asymptomatic tumors and mostly present as painless masses. We describe 68Ga PSMA 11 PET/CT and 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT findings of a 40 year old man with triple head and neck paragangliomas with emphasis on exploring the possible theranostic options.
Role of Active Range of Motion in Hand and Wrist Joint Photography
Authors: Yildiran Gokce , Sutcu Mustafa , Akdag Osman , Isik Cemil , Tosun Zekeriya
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Hand photography is effective and advantageous for assessing functional deficits and improvements related to surgery. In this study, it is aimed to investigate whether the correct active range of motion (ROM) is masked by the passive ROM in a wrist joint.

Method

Eleven patients who were treated for unilateral wrist fractures were included in the study. Photography was performed in all patients by the same surgeon according to the conventional hand surgery photography approach and the active ROM photography approach. Differences between the noninjured side and injured side were assessed.

Results

No differences were found between the active ROM and passive ROM during the extension and flexion movements in the noninjured side group. However, in the injured side group, the results from the photographs obtained with the conventional method were significantly better than the results from the photographs obtained when the wrist was actively moved.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that photographs of wrists during passive motion may affect the results of a treatment or study by showing false positivity. We propose obtaining images of active ROM instead of passive ROM in hand photography.
Abnormal arachidonic acid metabolic network may reduce sperm motility via P38 MAPK
Authors: Yu Lisha , Yang Xiaojing , Ma Bo , Ying Hanjie , Shang Xuejun , He Bingfang , Zhang Qi
Published: April 2019

Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of male infertility, the aetiology of which remains unclear in 50–60% of cases. The current study aimed to characterize metabolic alterations in asthenozoospermic seminal plasma and to explore the signalling pathways involved in sperm motility regulation. At first, high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the targeted metabolic network of arachidonic acid (AA). Metabolomic multivariate data analysis showed significant distinction of AA metabolites between asthenozoospermic and healthy seminal plasma. AA as well as its lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 metabolites were found to be abnormally increased, while cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolites were complicatedly disturbed in asthenozoospermic volunteers compared with those in healthy ones.In vitroexperiments and western blot analysis of sperm cells revealed a decrease in sperm motility and upregulation of sperm phosphor-P38 induced by AA. P38 inhibitor could increase AA-reduced sperm motility. Also, all the inhibitors of the three metabolic pathways of AA could block AA-induced P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and further improve sperm motility. We report here for the first time that an abnormal AA metabolic network could reduce sperm motility via P38 MAPK activation through the LOX, cytochrome P450 and COX metabolic pathways, which might be an underlying pathomechanism of asthenozoospermia.