bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laboratory tests and biopsychosocial approach in the examination of patients with brachiocephalic arteries atherosclerosis
Authors: Solovyeva L. N.
Published: December 2018

This article is a literature review aimed at consideration of the ways to increase the effective use of laboratory biomarkers in the context of biopsychosocial approach in patients with atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries. Laboratory markers are a valuable diagnostic tool to evaluate atherosclerotic plaque progression and assess treatment effectiveness. However, according to up to date guidelines only few biomarkers are recommended to routine use in stroke patients. Hence, their analysis does not provide enough information to satisfy diagnostic and therapeutic needs. The parameters of general lipid profile can not serve as a reliable predictor of stroke risk, so we need to find biomarkers more significantly associated with progression of atherosclerosis, atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and stroke risk. Many studies on novel laboratory markers of atherosclerosis (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high sensitive C reactive protein, lipoprotein (a), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and asymmetric dimethylarginine) have been performed in the recent years. However, these biomarkers are not included in the guidelines for stroke evaluation due to the lack of sufficient evidence. The published data are very contradictory. History of previous disease, individual characteristics of the patient, lifestyle, vitality, psycho-emotional background and social environment may all have a significant impact on atherosclerosis development and progression due to their influence on molecular mechanisms. Increased use of biopsychosocial approach that takes into account these features will result in better understanding of biochemical processes in patients with atherosclerosis and will contribute to identification of new targets for drug and non-drug treatment. This will provide much more accurate results and more efficient use of laboratory biomarkers in patients with high risk of stroke during their diagnostic evaluation and treatment.
Intensity of thrombin formation and myocardial contractility in patients with ischemic heart disease after coronary stenting
Authors: Berezovskaya G. A. , Klokova E. S.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To study the relationship between the intensity of thrombin formation, estimated by thrombin generation test (TGT) in platelet poor plasma, and myocardial contractility in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods. The study included 75 patients with coronary artery disease aged between 40 to 75 years, who underwent primary PCI (10 patients) or elective (65 patients) procedure, as well as 35 individuals matched for age and sex with no clinical signs of CAD. We investigated the venous blood obtained before and after 6 and 12 months following PCI. In the same period, stress echocardiography was performed. The intensity of thrombin formation was assessed using a TGT, formed in platelet poor plasma and the modified reaction mixture by adding human recombinant thrombomodulin (rh-TM) to assess the degree of activation of the protein C system. Results. The association between stress echocardiography parameters characterizing myocardial contractile capacity (ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle and a wall motion abnormalities (WMAs)) and TGT parameters, reflecting the intensity (ETP and the Peak) of the thrombin formation rate (V), was identified to be more expressed in patients undergoing primary PCI. The presence of the reverse correlation between EF and WMAs and the percentage reduction of V, ETP and Peak after the addition of rh-TM, as well as a significant association of the EF and WMAs with TGT indicators staged with rh-TM demonstrates the role of protein C system in the changes of myocardial contractility. The intensity of thrombin generation was also associated with hypertension. Conclusion. It was determined that TGT parameters were strongly associated with stress echocardiography parameters. The changes in thrombin generation rate were most closely associated with left ventricular ejection fraction, index of wall motion abnormalities and arterial hypertension, including hypertensive reaction to physical activity.
The role of hypoxia-inducible factorin the syndrome of chronic lower limb ischemia and influence of diabetes mellitus on process of angiogenesis
Authors: Kudykin M. N. , Beschastnov V. V. , Deryabin R. A. , Sheiko G. E. , Celousova L. M. , Belova A. N.
Published: December 2018

In this review, we pay attention to the role of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the development of response of the organism to hypoxia. Special attention is given to the regulation of the cell responses to hypoxia in chronic peripheral artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Cells can survive by activation of a transcription of genes, involved in angiogenesis, glucose metabolism and cell proliferation. Artificial rising of concentration and activity of HIF stimulates an angiogenesis and improves ulcers healing of the lower extremities. The data of the literature are provided on the possible methods of increasing HIF concentration in tissues, which could be a new way to stimulate wound healing in the patients with DM.
Relationship of sedation level with hemodynamics and heart rate variability
Authors: Gorbachev V. I. , Khmelnitsky I. V. , Gorbacheva S. M.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aim. Bispectral index (BIS) and heart rate variability (HRV) can be monitored in real time, along with the standard hemodynamic parameters: blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). It is interesting to assess the interrelationship between these parameters during anesthesia. In this work, the objective was to evaluate the changes of HRV, depending on the level of sedation for outpatient endoscopic procedures and to develop a mathematical model of their relationship. Materials and methods. In the first phase of the study, comparative and staged assessment of hemodynamic parameters, BIS and HRV was performed in 26 patients, including 11 men and 15 women aged from 18 to 74 (46±14) years. In the second stage, in order to test the operability of the model, the study was conducted in 12 patients aged from 20 to 72 (44±15) years. All patients were subjected to endoscopic surgery (colonoscopy). The assessment of HRV, hemodynamic profile, and the BIS was carried out in three stages of the study. Depending on the BIS values, all patients were allocated to three levels of sedation. Results and discussion. As a result, the models for HRV-based BIS determination were obtained, giving a high degree of objectivity in determining the status of anesthesia in patients based on HRV-derived BIS. Conclusions. The results of the study revealed the parameters that together reflect the level of sedation. Suggested mathematical model based on discriminant analysis allows to assess the level of light sedation with accuracy of 85.7 %, and the level of adequate sedation with accuracy of 93.3 %. The accuracy of a classification matrix was 89.1 %. The developed software allows to visually assess the level of sedation.
Comparative evaluation of mesenchymal stem cells cultivation methods on biodegradable L-polylactide scaffold for the creation of tissue-engineered vascular implant
Authors: Popov G. I. , Kryukov A. E. , Nashchekina Yu. A. , Ivankova E. M. , Vavilov V. N. , Yudin V. E. , Popryadukhin P. V. , Yukina G. Yu. , Smirnova N. V.
Published: December 2018

Cell integration and cultivation on the matrix are the key processes in the development of a tissue-engineered vascular implant (TEVI) based on a biodegradable polymer scaffold. The aim of this researh is to identify the optimal method of mesenchymal stem cells cultivation on the tubular biodegradable scaffold from L-polylactide. The comparative evaluation of the static and dynamic cultivation methods was performed. Proposed method of combining filtration method of cell integration and dynamic cultivation has proved its higher efficiency and is suitable for further development of TEVI.
Effect of duration of exposure to continuous illumination on reversibility of microcirculatory disorders in experimental desynchronosis
Authors: Tereshkina N. Ye. , Zlobina O. V. , Ivanov A. N. , Dolgov A. A.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to assess the degree of reversibility of microcirculatory disorders in the modeling of LL desynchronosis depending on the duration of exposure to continuous illumination. Material and methods. Microcirculation was studied by laser Doppler flowmetry. Male rats were subjected to continuous light stimulation for 10 (group 1) and 21 (group 2) days, and then kept under natural light for 21 days. Results. Continuous lighting caused a disturbance of microhemodynamics which tended to recover after normalization of the light regime in the rats of group 1. In the animals of group 2, circulation in microvessels was not restored. Conclusions. Reversibility of the changes can serve as a criterion for distinguishing the adaptive response to inadequate photoperiod and LL-desynchronosis.
Optical noninvasive diagnostics of the functional state of microcirculatory bed in patients with disorders of peripheral haemodynamics
Authors: Zharkikh E. V. , Makovik I. N. , Potapova E. V. , Dremin V. V. , Zherebtsov E. A. , Zherebtsova A. I. , Dunaev A. V. , Sidorov V. V. , Krupatkin A. I.
Published: December 2018

The possibilities and prospects of optical non-invasive diagnostic technologies for detecting and assessing the severity of microcirculatory and metabolic disorders in rheumatic diseases and diabetes mellitus were assessed. Experimental studies were conducted with the participation of 137 conditionally healthy volunteers and 147 patients with mentioned diseases (77 patients with rheumatic diseases and 70 patients with diabetes). It is shown that the application of laser Doppler flowmetry, fluorescence spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is of great diagnostic importance for identifying emerging disorders, and these methods can be used as additional diagnostic methods in the arsenal of a practicing physician in the field of rheumatology and endocrinology.
Age-dependent changes of oscillation processes of human skin microcirculation in normal and vascular pathologies
Authors: Tikhonova I. V.
Published: December 2018

The review is devoted to the problems related to changes of the oscillation processes in the skin microvascular bed in human, which result from physiological aging. It is shown that both systemic (arterial hypertension) and local (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma) microcirculation disorders are reflected on cutaneous peripheral microhemodynamics. It is demonstrated that these diseases against the background of physiological aging of organism can lead to multidirectional changes of skin microcirculation parameters as compared with healthy subjects. It may be due to both local activation of the compensatory mechanisms with their subsequent influence on the skin microcirculation and adequate drug therapy.
Optical biopsy methods and their prospects of application for intraoperative analysis of tissue metabolism and blood microcirculation in minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Kandurova K. Y. , Dremin V. V. , Zherebtsov E. A. , Alyanov A. L. , Mamoshin A. V. , Potapova E. V. , Dunaev A. V. , Muradyan V. F. , Sidorov V. V. , Krupatkin A. I.
Published: December 2018

The work is devoted to review the various methods and approaches currently used within the framework of the concept of optical «biopsy» in the study of blood perfusion and metabolism of human organs tissues. The purpose of the review was to study the features and areas of application of these methods and to assess further application possibilities for intraoperative data acquisition in minimally invasive surgery of hepatopancreatoduodenal organs. Preliminary experimental studies were performed with fluorescence spectroscopy method in pathologies of the common bile duct, gallbladder and liver. The data obtained in the work show the prospects for this method application, and serve as the basis for further research in order to obtain additional diagnostic criteria.
GRİP VE AŞI
Authors: KAYGUSUZ Sedat , GÜL Serdar
Published: December 2018

Grip, influenza virüsleri tarafından gelişen, akut, ciddi ve salgınlara yol açabilen bir enfeksiyon hastalığıdır. Üç tip (A, B ve C) influenza virüsü tanımlanmış olup, İnfluenza A bu tipler içerisinde en ağır seyirli olandır. Hastalık solunum yoluyla bulaşır ve kış aylarında daha sıktır. Pnömoni, en önemli komplikasyonu olmakla birlikte, kardiyak ve merkezi sinir sistemi komplikasyonları da görülebilir. Tanı genellikle klinik olarak konulmakla birlikte, tanıyı desteklemek için moleküler testler de kullanılabilir. Oseltemivir ve zanamivir tedavide kullanılabilecek antivirallerden olup, hastalığın erken evrelerinde kullanıldıklarında hastalığın süresini ve komplikasyon riskini azaltırlar. Aşı, risk faktörü bulunan kişilerde altta yatan hastalığın daha da kötüleşmesinin, morbiditenin ve mortalitenin önündeki en önemli önleyici seçenektir. Kontrendikasyonu olmayan ≥6 aylık tüm kişiler için rutin yıllık influenza aşısı önerilmektedir. 2018-19 sezonunda da standart dozda, adjuvanlanmamış, inaktif influenza aşıları, üçlü (Trivalan) (IIV3) ve dörtlü (Tetravalan) (IIV4) formülasyonlarda piyasaya sunulmuştur. Üçlü influenza aşılarında A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09 benzeri virüs, A/Singapur/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) benzeri virüs ve B/Colorado/06/2017 benzeri virüs (Victoria soyu) bulunurken, dörtlü influenza aşıları, bu üç virüs suşuna ek olarak bir influenza B aşı virüsü olan B/Phuket/3073/2013-benzeri virüs (Yamagata soyu) ile sunulmuştur. Aşıların endikasyonları, kontrendikasyonları ve alınacak önlemler yazıda tartışılmaktadır.
Türkiye'de Stratejik Planlama: Son Dönem Gelişmelerin İncelenmesi
Authors: COŞKUN Bayram , PANK YILDIRIM Çiğdem
Published: December 2018

2000’li yılların ilk yarısında Türkiye’de önemli kamu yönetimi reformları yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda kamu
mali yönetimi de 5018 sayılı Kamu Malî Yönetimi ve Kontrol Kanunu ile yeniden düzenlenmiştir. 5018
sayılı Kanun, kamu mali yönetim alına ilişkin düzenlemeler yanında idarenin yapı ve işleyişini de etkileyen
bazı hükümler içermektedir. Bu kapsamda idare açısından eksikliği hissedilen kurumsal düzeyde
planlamayı geçerli hale getirmek ve sürekliliğini sağlamak amacıyla Kanunun 9. maddesi ile kamu
idareleri için stratejik plan yapma yükümlülüğü getirilmiştir. Geçmişte 2006 yılında ifade edilen usul ve
esasları belirlemek için bir yönetmelik çıkarılmıştır. 2018 yılında ise Kalkınma Bakanlığınca “Kamu
İdarelerinde Stratejik Planlamaya İlişkin Usul ve Esaslar Hakkında Yönetmelik” adında yeni bir
yönetmelik çıkarılmış ve ilk yönetmelik yürürlükten kaldırılmıştır. 24 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde 30488 sayılı
Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan 13 numaralı “Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı Teşkilatı Hakkında
Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnamesi” ile stratejik planlamaya dair hususlar Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığın
görev alanına dâhil edilmiştir.
Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki stratejik planlama olgusunun genel tanıtımı yapıldıktan sonra, konu ile ilgili
olarak yayımlanan iki yönetmelik düzenlemeleri arasındaki farklar ortaya konulmakta ve
değerlendirilmektedir. Bunun yanında Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi ile birlikte alanda yaşanılan
değişimler üzerinde durulmaktadır. Çalışmada literatür tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, stratejik planlamaya ilişkin meydana gelen değişikliklerin ortaya çıkaracağı yeni durumu açıklamak
ve bu konuda literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Bu doğrultuda, stratejik planlamaya ilişkin faaliyetlerin
arttırıldığı ve kamu yöneticilerine daha fazla sorumluluk yüklendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Fe2O3@C composite
Authors: Bui Thi Hang
Published: December 2018

Fe2O3@C material was prepared by one-step hydrothermal method for use as a negative electrode in an iron-air battery. The structure of Fe2O3@C was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement while their morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical properties of the Fe2O3@C electrode in alkaline solution were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement. The results showed that Fe2O3@C material with α-Fe2O3 structure and amorphous carbon were successfully synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method. CV measurements indicate that the redox reaction rate of the Fe2O3@C electrode is higher than that of the Fe2O3@AB electrode using commercial Fe2O3 and AB (Acetylene Black Carbon).
Long-Term Drinking Water Quality Assessment Using Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Three Water Treatment Plants of Erbil City, Iraq
Authors: Issa Hayder Mohammed , Alrwai Reem Ahmed
Published: December 2018

Safe source of drinking water is always considered as an essential factor in water supply for cities and urban areas. As a part of this issue, drinking water quality is monitored via a useful scheme: developing drinking water quality index DWQI. DWQI is preferably used as it summarizes the whole physicochemical and bacteriological properties of a drinking water sample into a single and simple term. In this study, an evaluation was made for three drinking water treatment plants DWTPs named: Efraz 1, Efraz 2 and Efraz 3 that supply drinking water to Erbil City. The assessment was made by testing thirteen physicochemical and two bacteriological parameters during a long period of (2003 – 2017). It has been found that turbidity, electrical conductivity EC, total alkalinity, total hardness, total coliform and fecal coliform have more influence on drinking water quality. DWQI results showed that the quality of drinking water supplied by the three DWTPs in Erbil City fallen within good level. Except various occasional periods where the quality was varying from good to fair. The quality of the drinking water supply never reached the level of marginal or poor over the time investigated. The applied hierarchical clustering analysis HCA classifies the drinking water dataset into three major clusters, reflecting diverse sources of the physicochemical and bacteriological parameter: natural, agriculture and urban discharges.
A AFETIVIDADE E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NO PROCESSO DA APRENDIZAGEM NAS CRIANÇAS
Authors: Sousa Rayara Nogueira de , Ramos François Silva , Sousa Francisca Semirames Nogueira de
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre a influência da afetividade no avanço da aprendizagem nas crianças. Pretende-se com esta pesquisa, investigar como as situações de sala de aula ou no interior da escola podem influenciar ou interferir na aprendizagem do educando. Acreditamos que os afetos e emoções são partes integrantes da nossa vida psíquica, e compreendemos que o afeto é um elemento primordial em qualquer relação humana; este necessita estar presente em todas as etapas da vida do sujeito. Porém, ao considerarmos essas afinidades, compreendemos que existe um certo distanciamento da afetividade; a implicação é visível, muitas crianças se tornam adultos em miniaturas, e muitas vezes com um comportamento retraído ou agressivo. Torna-se vital, portanto, entender a importância da presença de um espaço favorável ao exercício do afeto e emoções na vida do aluno. O trabalho exposto se fundamenta numa pesquisa bibliográfica. Para tanto, procuramos fundamento nas teorias de Wallon (1998), Vygotsky (1992) e Piaget (2000), que discorrem acerca da dimensão da afetividade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, e coloca a ação do professor como fator definitivo neste processo. Para tanto, nesta pesquisa postulamos ser a afetividade uma ferramenta essencial ao desenvolvimento da criança com mediação do professor, haja vista a aprendizagem ser sensível a possibilidades que prevejam interesse constante no bem-estar da criança.

AFFECTIVITY AND ITS INFLUENCE IN THE CHILDREN'S LEARNING PROCESS

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an investigation about the influence of affectivity on the advancement of learning in children. It is intended, with this research, to investigate how the situations of classroom or in the interior of the school can influence or interfere in the student's learning. We believe that affections and emotions are parts that integrate our psychic life, and we understand that affection is a primordial element in any human relationship; this needs to be present in all stages of the individual's life. But when we consider these affinities, we understand that there is a certain detachment from affectivity; the implication is visible, many children become adults in miniatures, and often with a shy or aggressive behavior. It is therefore vital to understand the importance of the presence of a space favorable to the exercise of affection and emotions in the student's life. The work presented is based on a bibliographical research. In order to do this, we seek to base Wallon's (1998), Vygotsky (1992) and Piaget (2000) theories on the dimension of affectivity in the teaching-learning process and place the teacher's action as a definitive factor in this process. For this, in this research we postulate that affectivity is an essential tool for the development of the child with teacher's mediation, since learning is sensitive to possibilities that predict a constant interest in the child's well-being.
A DISCIPLINA DE HISTÓRIA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Oliveira Maria Salete Almeida , Ferreira Helena Izaura
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho pretende discutir sobre a disciplina de História nos anos iniciais do ensino Fundamental, desde metodologias e conceitos, sua relevância para a formação do indivíduo, o papel do professor de História e sua contribuição para a consciência crítica e descoberta de si como agente de transformação social, até o seu poder de intervir na sociedade. Ideias discutidas, amparando-se em diversos autores, para corroborar a importância do estudo e ensino de História nos anos iniciais do ensino Fundamental. Conclui-se que estudar História é muito mais que decorar datas e nomes. É descobrir, avaliar fatos registrados no passado para compreender as sociedades no mundo de hoje. Suas relações estabelecidas ao logo do tempo e espaço, para assim entender as permanências e rupturas no decorrer dos anos. E da autonomia ao educando de interferir na sociedade de forma crítica enquanto ser histórico.

THE DISCIPLINE OF HISTORY IN THE INITIAL YEARS OF BASIC EDUCATION

ABSTRACT

This paper intends to discuss the discipline of History in the initial years of elementary education, from methodologies and concepts, its relevance to the formation of the individual, the role of the teacher of History and its contribution to critical awareness and discovery of self as agent of transformation to their power to intervene in society. Ideas discussed, supported by several authors, to corroborate the importance of the study and teaching of History in the initial years of Elementary education. It is concluded that studying History is much more than decorating dates and names. It is discovering, assessing facts recorded in the past to understand societies in the world today. Their relationships established over time and space, to understand the permanence and ruptures over the years. And the autonomy of the student to interfere in society critically as a historical being.
Reversal of Blood Flow in the Internal Jugular Vein - A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Brahmbhatt Akshaar , Miceli Rachel , Skalski Kamila , Dogra Vikram
Published: December 2018

Objective

The objectives of this study were to identify the causes of internal jugular vein (IJV) blood flow reversal revealed on ultrasound imaging.

Methods

In this retrospective review, 4796 upper extremity venous ultrasounds completed at a single institution between January 2012 and December 2017 were reviewed to identify cases of flow reversal in the IJV. Fourteen patients were identified with IJV flow reversal. Medical charts of these 14 patients were reviewed to identify the etiology of blood flow reversal.

Results

Intraluminal causes were the most common and were most frequently seen in patients with vascular damage secondary to placement of endovascular devices. Flow reversal most commonly occurred in the left IJV and was equally represented in men and women. Ages ranged from 41.38 to 82.76 years, with an average age of 61.92 years.

Conclusion

Reversal of flow in the IJV is a rare finding which is most often diagnosed on ultrasound evaluation of the upper extremity. Further investigation should be performed when flow reversal is identified, as the underlying cause may have serious clinical implications.
M. A. Bulgakov’s Novel “The Master and Margarita”: Publishing and Textual Problems
Authors: Kolysheva Elena Yu.
Published: December 2018

This article is devoted to the textual problems and the history of creation of M. A. Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita” (based on M. A. Bulgakov’s archive). The main aim of this article is to prove the principles of determination of the novel’s basic text and to illustrate the importance of publishing the manuscript drafts of the novel. On the basis of textual, historical, and biographic researches, the author introduces all the manuscript drafts and the basic text of “The Master and Margarita” (M. A. Bulgakov. The Master and Margarita. Complete Collection of the Manuscript Drafts. The Basic Text: 2 vol., Moscow, the Pashkov House Publ., 2014).
“To know, to know...”
Authors: Panova Anastasia Yu.
Published: December 2018

Review of the book M. A. Bulgakov. The Master and Margarita. Complete Collection of the Manuscript Drafts. The Basic Text: 2 vol. Moscow, Pashkov House Publ., 2014.
Historical and Cultural Bases in the Evolution of Foreign Scientific and Technical Museums
Authors: Filyakova Aleksandra K.
Published: December 2018

Using the historical and culturological approach, the author analyzes key phases of genesis and evolution of foreign scientific and technical museums as a cultural phenomenon. Scientific and social potential of the technical museums and their role in the modern society are conceptualized in the article.
Participatory Capability of Transmedia Storytelling
Authors: Milovidov Stanislav V.
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes some modern media communications and practice of user interaction where the “participatory discourse” appears, when the viewers can influence the process of creation of new films, series, and network projects. The users appropriate and transform different elements of the media content and collectively take part in creation of the “participatory discourse” as a form of social-productive relations which generate a special type of culture. This type bases on the concepts of “participatory culture” and “collective intelligence”.
Clipping Presentation by S. Eisenstein as a Form of Self-Presentation in Amateur Photography of the Late 20th - Early 21st Century
Authors: Netusova Tatyana M.
Published: December 2018

The amateur photography is a phenomenon spread almost over each sphere of the everyday life. Combining the results of the survey of Moscow citizens aged from 18 to 25 (total amount of the surveyed people is 265) and the data of several in-depth interviews with respondents of age from 45 to 52 (6 questionnaires), the author reveals some patterns and features of the generations’ self-presentation through the amateur photographs. Applying the clipping principle of S. Eisenstein while analyzing the data, the author receives some peculiar results concerning the meanings of photographs in the end of 20th - beginning of 21st century as well as the main themes for the photographs of the two generations.
The Issue of Modern Approaches to the Definition of “Culture”
Authors: Krasilnikova Marina B. , Sevastyanova Svetlana K.
Published: December 2018

The article provides an overview of current approaches to the definition of “culture” in accordance with their systematization proposed by the historian and cultural theorist L. E. Kertman. They are the philosophical, anthropological, and sociological approaches. The authors consider the systematic approach to the definition of the phenomenon of culture, proposed by M. S. Kagan, the most perspective and set out their vision of culture systemic interpretation based on the dialogue theory, initiated by the works of M. M. Bakhtin, and on the concept of culture developed by A. A. Pelipenko and I. G. Yakovenko.
Evaluación de desempeño en el área financiera y contable en las organizaciones de la provincia de Santa Elena-Ecuador
Authors: Pico Gutiérrez Eduardo , Loor Solórzano María Carmen , Núñez Neira Sharon
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo investigativo tiene como objetivo estandarizar el proceso de trabajo de manera eficiente sujetados a políticas constructivas modeladas para la búsqueda en mejoras en la calidad del trabajo promoviendo la concientización individual de los trabajadores en el desarrollo de sus capacidades. Además se caracteriza por tener un esquema claro, preciso y delimitado permitiendo obtener resultados favorables, para la generación de nuevas ideas que ayuden de una u otra forma al mejor control del desempeño en los trabajadores, asimismo abarca el análisis de las variables dependientes e independientes con un grado de afinidad para estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos que son imprescindibles en el transcurso del artículo, esto ayuda a reflejar datos numéricos como también las características innatas de la investigación. Sin lugar a duda, el tema se relaciona en el desempeño laboral del área contable y financiera, en donde necesariamente se necesitan conocer los distintos aspectos causantes de la problemática del desempeño que permiten la profundización el tema. El artículo es de tipo bibliográfico cuyos indicadores y dimensiones facilitan la ampliación de conocimientos explícitos. La guía de cuestionario que se realizó a los directivos de las organizaciones permitió conocer la problemática existente sobre la evaluación de desempeño. Todo el proceso sirvió para tomar las respectivas decisiones en el mejoramiento de las empresas, y los diferentes análisis realizados sobre el tema revela pautas que ayudan a pensar en nuevas estrategias en procesos laborales con el fin de proporcionar una solución.
Patrimonio cultural del Cantón Santa Elena y su influencia en los medios de difusión turísticos
Authors: Benavides Benitez Verónica Janet
Published: December 2018

La información proporcionada por los medios de difusión, hoy en día tiene una connotación relevante e insustituible, ya que es una forma de transmitir las diferentes bondades de los destinos turísticos, constituyéndose en una vía directa para comunicar las diferentes características de un lugar, región, costumbres y tradiciones, vías de acceso, y medios de transporte, entre otros, permitiendo así que el turista tenga un mayor nivel de satisfacción al momento de escoger un destino. El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el patrimonio cultural y su influencia en los medios de difusión turísticos del cantón Santa Elena, la metodología utilizada fue de tipo cuantitativo, lo cual se encuestó a 383 personas, de las cuales fueron turistas y residentes del cantón. Entre los resultados se demostró que los medios de difusión turísticos no están siendo utilizados de una manera correcta y oportuna, además no hay  políticas de uso sobre los espacios publicitarios y los medios de difusión turística, la utilización de un medio publicitario y su efecto esperado es lo que da como respuesta a la utilización de una información específica que motive al turista a retornar una nueva incursión y propagar el nombre del destino turístico.
Estimación de la edad y maduración gonadal de Haemulopsis axillaris, colectados en el sector pesquero La Caleta de La Libertad, Provincia de Santa Elena-Ecuador
Authors: Cepeda Chele Erick , Rodríguez Ordoñez Andrea , González Banchón Tanya , Duque Marín Richard
Published: December 2018

Con el fin de estimar la edad y maduración gonadal de Haemulopsis axillaris, se examinaron un total de 232 ejemplares adquiridos semanalmente en el sector pesquero La Caleta de La Libertad, provincia de Santa Elena, desde octubre de 2017 a enero de 2018. El intervalo de longitud de la población osciló entre 13,6 y 35,7 cm, y su peso entre 29,0 y 539,2 g. La revisión macroscópica gonadal estableció el dominio del estadío gonadal II, representando el 45% de la población. La edad se determinó en base a la lectura de los anillos concéntricos de los otolitos sagitta, permitiendo establecer tres grupos de edades (0+, 1+, 2+), siendo el grupo 0+ el más representativo en esta población con un 88%, seguido del grupo 1+ con un 11% (constituido con mayor frecuencia por organismos en estadío III). Se estableció la correlación longitud-edad aplicando el modelo de curva de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy. Los parámetros de crecimiento se estimaron empleando el método de Ford-Walford, obteniendo valores de: L∞= 3,87 cm, t0= -0,47 y K= 0,39 año-1, lo que sugiere que esta es una especie de crecimiento rápido en los primeros años de vida y alcanza en pocos años su longitud máxima teórica.
Mineralogía y distribución de arcillas en las formaciones productoras Naricual y Oficina de la Cuenca Oriental de Venezuela
Authors: Gutiérrez-Hinestroza Marllelis , Iturralde Sadi , Brito Edison , Rubira-Gómez Gilda , Limones-Borbor Yolanda
Published: December 2018

Las formaciones Naricual (Oligoceno Tardío-Mioceno Temprano) y Oficina (Mioceno) pertenecientes a la Cuenca Oriental de Venezuela, son de importancia económica por la cantidad de arenas productoras de hidrocarburos que contienen. Sin embargo, ha tenido lugar una disminución acelerada de la producción en los campos de esta cuenca, ocasionada por varios factores, entre ellos los asociados con la migración de finos en los intervalos productores y a los daños de formación generados por la presencia de diferentes minerales de arcilla.  El propósito de este trabajo es determinar la composición y distribución de las fases mineralógicas presentes en las arenas productoras de ambas formaciones, con el fin de establecer el potencial del daño que pueden generar los minerales de arcilla presentes en el flujo de fluidos durante la producción de petróleo.  La caracterización mineralógica fue llevada a cabo mediante análisis petrográfico, Difracción de Rayos X (XRD), ensayos de disolución en ácidos y Microscopia Electrónica de Barrido (SEM). La mineralogía de las muestras está gobernada por cuarzo, albita, calcita, dolomita, pirita y muscovita. La arcilla predominante es caolinita, aunque también se detecta en algunas muestras clorita, illita/esmectita y glauconita; el porcentaje de arcillas oscila entre 6 y 12 %, situándose el promedio en 6,8% para las areniscas de Naricual, y 7,2% para Oficina. Los resultados obtenidos constituyen un insumo fundamental al momento de orientar planes de acción orientados al aumento de la producción.
Plan de intervención para disminuir la tasa de abandono en vacunación en los niños menores de un año.
Authors: Saavedra-Alvarado Carlos , Saavedra-Alvarado Antonieta , Cotto-Aguilar Madelyn
Published: December 2018

Resumen

 

La estrategia Nacional de Inmunizaciones (ENI) es gratuito, y es el responsable de la eliminación, erradicación y control de las enfermedades inmune prevenibles en la población menor de un año en el Ecuador. Dichas enfermedades son de alto costo generando gran impacto económico y social, pues traen como consecuencia consultas, hospitalizaciones y muertes prematuras. El ENI en nuestro país tiene como visión, lograr el control, eliminación y/o erradicación de las enfermedades prevenibles por vacunación. Y por ende como objetivo general disminuir las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad en la población objeto evidenciado en el rango normal de la tasa de abandono que es menor del 6% de la misma. Un plan de intervención nos permite caracterizar la situación actual en Inmunización de la población urbana y rural del Cantón Buena Fe por medio del Centro de Salud Tipo C “San Jacinto de Buena Fe” y visualizar los determinantes sociales de la salud, así como; Definir problemas y prioridades verificando el cumplimiento de actividades programadas, formular estrategias de promoción, prevención, identificando factores relevantes en nuestra área de cobertura, Este análisis nos permite tomar decisiones, nuevos retos y necesidades que devienen de cambios en el perfil demográfico y epidemiológico de la población.
Evaluación, ranking y cualificación en las Instituciones de Educación Superior del Ecuador
Authors: Santa María-Suárez Guillermo
Published: December 2018

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la evolución de la normatividad del Ecuador en relación con garantizar el derecho a una educación superior de calidad. Las evaluaciones a las que han sido sometidas las IES ecuatorianas sirven para establecer relaciones y correspondencias con las clasificaciones o rankings y con las últimas reformas que se han introducido a la Ley Orgánica de la Educación Superior, que buscan sustituir los rankings por la cualificación. Se precisa que un contexto de crisis económica, la ausencia de reglamentación que permita la aplicación de las recientes reformas, la falta de definiciones, en lo que la Ley hoy denomina cualificación, son evidencias que demuestran que existe una objetiva amenaza de retroceso del proceso de aseguramiento de la calidad en el que Universidades y Escuelas Politécnicas se encuentran involucradas.
Aprendizaje servicio en el conocimiento de los estudiantes universitarios mediado por TIC. Un enfoque teórico
Authors: Cortez-Clavijo Paola , Molina Lilian , Clery Arturo , Cochea-Panchana Gerzon
Published: December 2018

Este artículo es un estudio preliminar de una investigación documental, referida al aprendizaje servicio aplicado por los estudiantes universitarios, mediado por las tecnologías de la Información y la comunicación.  En este sentido, este trabajo tiene como propósito conocer la práctica pedagógica potencialmente efectiva desde el punto de vista académico, a través del análisis bibliográfico y análisis de trabajos previos. Para ello se accedió tanto a obras de carácter nacional como internacional. De allí la importancia de resaltar que existe preocupación ante las demandas de modernización e innovación, que asuman el aprendizaje en realidades concretas de integración teórico práctica profesional y de servicio a las comunidades para vencer el aislamiento y otorgar valor a la participación conjunta en la solución y comprensión de los problemas del medio circundante. La contribución de este estudio se proyecta en las implicaciones teóricas identificadas al aprendizaje servicio, considerado dentro de las políticas educativas universitarias para estimular los razonamientos y ejes temáticos, en torno a los cuales se promueve el esfuerzo común compartido con los actores sociales, para abordar el esquema real de los problemas sensibles de las comunidades. Finalmente, se presentan las referencias bibliográficas que sirven de sustento a la investigación, con especial énfasis en revistas científicas de producción nacional e internacional, así como también libros de textos vinculados al tópico objeto de estudio, que sirvieron de fuente referencial en la ruta teórico-metodológica del estudio.
Intercalation of Lithium into Graphite: Effects of Surface Chemical Composition from First-Principles Simulations
Authors: Pham Tuan Anh , Kweon Kyoung E. , Samanta Amit , Ong Mitchell , Lordi Vincenzo , Pask John
Published: December 2018

Understanding Li+ transfer at graphite-electrolyte interfaces is key to the development of next-generation lithium ion batteries. In this work, we investigate the Li+ kinetics at these interfaces and we elucidate key factors that determine the ion transport from first-principles, by coupling ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations with solvation model calculations. We show that surface chemical composition significantly influences the kinetics of ion intercalation from the liquid into the graphite anode. We find that this is partly related to the ion desolvation process, which varies notably for different graphite surfaces. In addition, interfacial polarization is found to play an important role in determining energy barriers for ion transfer. We also discuss the impact of electrode potentials, which is often neglected in conventional first-principles calculations despite being a key factor in device configurations. Our study provides insights into the coupling of electronic and ionic effects of interfacial chemistry on ion transport, which has broad implications in optimizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces for further improvement of ion batteries.
Tax and Customs Mechanisms for Regulation of the Russian Arctic Development from the Standpoint of Strengthening National Interests
Authors: Goncharenko L. I. , Nikulkina I. V.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the formation of a comprehensive interconnected set of regulatory mechanisms for the socioeconomic development of the Arctic macro-region to meet the new economic requirements. The purpose of the research was to develop an adapted set of tax and customs regulatory mechanisms for the development of the Arctic Area of the Russian Federation from the standpoint of strengthening the national interests and economic security of the country and to identify the main problems in the establishment of a system for financial support and stimulation of the socio-economic development of the Russian Arctic Area. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the development of the Russian Arctic Area having a substantial natural resource and economic potential determines to a great extent the economic security and sustainable development of the country. The dynamically changing geopolitical and economic situation necessitates seeking new approaches to the formation of the country’s Arctic financial policy alongside the development of effective mechanisms for its implementation in order to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the Russian Arctic Area. Conclusions: a set of tax and customs mechanisms for the implementation of the state Arctic financial policy was proposed from the standpoint of strengthening national interests aimed at the promotion of investment, business and research activities in the Russian Arctic Area. The comprehensive use of the proposed regulatory mechanisms will improve the effectiveness of investment and financial decisions in the implementation of the state Arctic policy.
THE INNER HEALTH LOOK OF CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Dzyubyns’ka M.
Published: December 2018

The article investigates the dynamics of the inner health look of children with epilepsy. Having learnt its structure, availability of value-motivational, cognitive, emotional and behavioral components has determined. Characteristics of the components of the inner health look of the children with epilepsy have been pointed out and described. And also there have been combined subjective evaluation of health condition at different stages of children’s age with the epilepsy problem. There have been defined that while growing up they feel the increased differentiation ideas about health, feel the responsibility, independence and reliability on their own experience when they choose the way of treating their health. The older children are, the more obedient they are to the doctor’s advice, but the more seldom they are eager to do the preventing treatment prescribed by them. A disbelieve in traditional treating the epilepsy encourage to look for alternative help. The examined children of a primary school age show insufficient differentiation ideas about meaning of health. In this period a family unit has got an essential impact on forming understanding and attitude to their health among the children with epilepsy. The juveniles consider health to be the most precious thing that, on their view, is dependent on the man’s welfare. They are developing a willing to realize themselves by the wish to freedom and health. In the period of early youth the children with epilepsy start clear imaging the reasons and signs of deteriorating health. The examined children of the oldest age group combine keeping health not only with their own deeds but with such notions as «faith» and «hope». Based on the analyzing the received results the recommendations have been provided about optimizing a psychological help to the families bringing up the children with epilepsy.
EDUCATIONAL DIALOGUE AS AN INNOVATIVE AND HUMANITARIAN TECHNOLOGY FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Radchuk H.
Published: December 2018

The article investigates the essential aspects of a dialogue with a purpose of further implementation it in higher education teaching practice. The author argues that educational dialogues can be regarded as a humanitarian technology that integrates cultural, axiological, existential, phenomenological ideas about learning on value-semantic level and coherent professional development of an individual in university environment. Educational dialogue is analyzed as a form of active learning, which aims at mastering of professional knowledge at a value-semantic level, and also as a form of communication, which provides environment for personality development, giving it psychological support, and social interaction skills.

It is proven that the deployment of educational dialogue at formal, content and value-semantic levels involves development of teacher and student capabilities for conducting a dialogue, and training material that is suitable for teaching in a dialogue format.

The author identifies the following conditions for implementation of educational dialogue in higher education 1) development of readiness for a dialogue in teachers both on personal and professional levels; 2) formation of dialogue culture in students; 3) development of self-reflection processes in students; 4) student mastering the skills for organizing joint activities; 5) formation of subjective student positions in educational process; 6) modeling of cooperation and joint creative activities, that serve as a model of future professional partner communication; 7) creating educational situations as close to the life situations as possible within the process of meaningful learning cooperation; 8) bringing training content closer to the realities of future profession.
SOCIAL OPTIMISM AS A FACTOR OF INSTITUTIONAL COMPETITIVENESS: ESTIMATED BY EXPERTS
Authors: Rafikov A.
Published: December 2018

The author reflects on the role of social optimism as an essential new factor of institutional culture, which function is to guarantee a systemic unity of modern institution and its competitiveness related to another subjects of social interaction. The article presents the results of empirical research on social optimism and its role in social life according to the view of native experts’ community (doctors and candidates of psychological sciences in the sphere of social psychology). The variety of «social optimism» notions, determined by experts, is demonstrated; it is mentioned that such diversity is a natural result in conditions of absence of a stable scientific view regarding to that phenomenon.

The list of content categories to define social optimism (such as system of knowledge, way of world-perceiving, faith, positive expectations, attitude, mechanism, copying-strategy etc.) is analyzed. The factors of institutional social optimism are classified: 1) optimistic corporative ideology and social support within the institution; 2) inclusion and a personal adaptive activity of the members of institution to organize individual and social existence; 3) positive expectations of the work itself, based on the previous positive experience and self-reflection; 4) correspondence of personal and common purposes of the members of institution. The article analyzed the factors of social optimism as those are represented by discourse of native experts’ community. The role of social optimism is outlined in the aspects of how it improves institutional environment and how it enhances institutional culture of modern organization and the ways of institution’s development.