bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rhythm-movement терапія в комплексній реабілітації неврологічних хворих
Authors: Sidelkovskiy A. , Harkavenko D.
Published: November 2022

Використання музики та співу в лікувальному процесі відоме з давніх давен. Кінець XIX і початок XX сторіччя можна вважати часом становлення музикотерапевтичної практики як окремого лікувального напрямку. Суттєвий поступ у розвитку музичної терапії в 50-х роках минулого сторіччя був відзначений виникненням трьох терапевтичних шкіл: шведської, американської і німецької. У цей період основні науково-практичні розробки велися у двох головних напрямках — клінічної та оздоровчої музикотерапії. Тоді ж були закладені основи американської школи музикотерапії, що ґрунтується на ортодоксальному психоаналізі З. Фрейда. Інша назва цієї методики — музична фармакологія, створюється перелік (лікувальний каталог) музичних творів різних жанрів і стилів з ретельним описом результатів їхньої дії на організм пацієнта. Флагманами в розвитку музикотерапії у світі є Австрія (Віденська музична академія), Норвегія, Данія, Швеція, Фінляндія, Ісландія (Nordisk Forbund for Pedagogisk Musiktherapie), Велика Британія, де був заснований авторитетний профільний журнал «British Journal of Music Therapy». На сьогодні, переважно в країнах Західної Європи та Америки, успішно функціонують професійні школи з підготовки музичних терапевтів. Функціонально виділяють два типи музичної терапії: рецептивну й активну. Ней-рофізіологічний вплив музики на організм людини пов’язують з більшою активацією структур головного мозку від слухових рецепторів порівняно з іншими периферичними сенсорними системами (зір, тактильна чутливість, нюх, смак). Також відомо, що провідники слуху пов’язані з таламусом — головним центром вегетативної нервової системи, що бере участь у функціональній регуляції роботи всіх органів і систем. Із психофізіологічної точки зору виділяють два типи впливу музики на організм людини: ерготропний (стимулюючий, активуючий) і трофотропний (розслаблюючий, заспокійливий). Існують декілька підходів до підбору музичних творів з метою лікування пацієнтів у різних нозологічних групах, ось деякі з них: izo- і level-принцип (Дж. Альтшуллер), динамічний принцип (Ch. Kohler), принцип комплексного підбору музичних програм (Ch. Schwabe), принцип самостійного вибору «своєї» музики (Г.Г. Декер-Фойгт). В умовах багатопрофільного реабілітаційного центру клініки сучасної неврології «Аксімед» успішно застосовуються основи музикотерапії у хворих з порушенням функції нервової системи й опорно-рухового апарату. Наш досвід використання музикотерапії у хворих з розладами центральної і периферичної нервової системи ми об’єднали під назвою rhythm-movement терапія. Rhythm-movement терапія — це застосування різноманітних за ритмом, тембром, голосом і жанром музичних творів у комплексній реабілітації неврологічних хворих залежно від особливостей уражень нервової системи або опорно-рухового апарату. Використання rhythm-movement терапії і dance-терапії в комплексному лікуванні й реабілітації хворих з ураженням нервової системи й опорно-рухового апарату є ефективним, нескладним та економічно доцільним інструментом у досягненні поставлених завдань.
Working through Boundaries
Authors: Imawan Arga Pribadi
Published: November 2022

It is commonly assumed that multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations involve various values, knowledge, and practices, thereby existing between science and policy. This study argues, oppositely, that multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations are socially constructed and not to be taken for granted. To support its argument, this article uses the concept of boundary work to see how the interaction between science and policy is constructed. Taking as its case study the Ground Up consortium, a collaborative water management research programme involving the Netherlands and Indonesia, this study finds that boundary work generated and formed boundaries between science and policy through a joint call for proposal documents, research proposals, and three people operating at boundaries. Furthermore, this article shows that the collaborative research in the Ground Up consortium was a social process evidenced through three mediums: text, object, and person. This qualitative research thus uses a single-case study to explore boundary work in a consortium setting. Data were collected through a review of documents (meeting notes, research proposals, and calls for proposals) as well as in-depth interviews with three members of the Ground Up consortium.
Political Clientelism, Family Power and Conflict Permanence in Pilkada
Authors: Kelihu Ardiman
Published: November 2022

This article examines the relationship between political clientelism and the establishment of family power in local elections. It argues that the use of clientelism networks impacts the creation of family power, the application of which results in the perpetuation of social conflict. Clientelism networks serve as ready-to-use networks which can be mobilised to support relatives during political events. This article uses the case of local elections in Central Maluku (2007–2017) to show the clientelist processes used by the relatives of Tuasikal. The use of alternate clientelism networks enabled the Tuasikal family in Central Maluku to successfully establish power and perpetuate conflicts between supporters and opponents. This study used field observations to collect data in fifteen villages, focusing on the elites and community members involved in the 2007, 2012, and 2017 elections, as well as a review of relevant literature. This study concludes that clientelist practices are used to create political networks to maintain family power and perpetuate conflict between opposing community groups during elections.
Enzymatic Saccharification of Sugarcane Bagasse Using Ash - Supplemented Hydrogen Peroxide as Pre-Treatment
Authors: Odisi Estácio Jussie , Lima André Oliveira de Souza , Colonetti Vivian , Alves Rômulo Couto , Gilioli Andressa , Quadri Mara Gabriela Novy
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse with cellulases was investigated after hydrogen peroxide pretreatment. Methods: Two pretreatments, alkaline hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide supplemented with ash were compared in their performance in the improvement of the susceptibility of bagasse to enzymatic action. The reaction yield was evaluated by the reducing sugar content released from the pretreated bagasse after 48 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, and the best condition was found for both treatments. Results: The yield, expressed in reducing sugars for the alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment was 217.6 mg g-1 bagasse, and 179.9 mg g-1 bagasse for hydrogen peroxide ash pretreatment; the untreated bagasse provided 74.3 mg g-1 bagasse yield, showing the effectiveness of the two pretreatments. Conclusion: The pretreatment with hydrogen peroxide supplemented with ashes appears more feasible for implementation since alkali addition in the pretreatment delivers many caustic residues that need expensive washing process and generate aggressive effluents into the environment; besides alkali addition promotes partial degradation of hemicellulose.
UNCITRAL Model Law Development of Arbitration Framework for EPC Disclosure of Travaux Preparatoires using Political Expediency of Tax Planning
Authors: Llarena Zharama
Published: November 2022

Corporate Governance is a conceptual framework of business designs intended to illustrate the various activities of a company towards fulfilling its profit goals as private stakeholder and contributing to public interests for social obligation of sustainable development. Disclosure of corporate social responsibility is the central mechanism of corporate governance. Based on stakeholder theory, corporate governance strongly influences corporate social responsibility disclosure to enhance the relationship of stakeholders and its business community. Tax aggressiveness is utilized by board director and its members to lessen tax contribution which is contrary to the government sector goals of maximizing tax impositions for public welfare and safety. Unlawful behavior on tax aggressiveness is known as tax evasion while tax avoidance is not a violation and serves as a loophole to the taxation system. UNCITRAL model law is a legal arbitration concept of making “commercial” expand to other comparable jurisdiction of international trade. The European Patent Commission is the legal authority that delineates medical policies from patented products. Travaux preparatoires is a design practice within legal context of restricted jurisdiction for commercial exercise of strict liability. This paper aims to develop arbitration framework based on stakeholder theory of corporate governance to explain the correlation of tax planning with patented products and medical processes involving therapeutic, surgical, and veterinary policies. Therefore, tax evasion is not apparent criminal behavior and tax planning on medical policies and patented drugs must have a separate strategic means of increasing monetary success for tax avoidance to be clearly managed by the company.
Modelling of sample beam concrete when added fiber glass to know flexural strength
Authors: AL-obaidi Abdullha Mudhafar Shawka , N. lenovich Sergei
Published: November 2022

Background: This research mainly consists of determining whether concrete with the addition of fiberglass helps in its physical and mechanical properties and properties on the compressive, bending and adsorption forces of concrete in Iraq. Aim of project: this paper aims to modelling of sample beam concrete when added fibre glass to know flexural strength. material and method: In this study, 4 samples were collected were distributed on (control sample - and 3 samples to which fibers were added in different proportions with dimension1000mmlength -150 width-150height ).The tests applied in this experiment were based on the discipline positioning test at the age of 28 days and The L.V.D.T deviation reader was relied upon until a failure occurred the sample ,The modelling of concrete beams was based on the according blender program. Results : These obtained data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. result showed compressive strength test of concrete beams had an increase compared to the control group when added 1.5% with 9.2%. It was noted that there were statistical differences between samples to which glass concrete fibers were added with the control group at p value <0.001 .the tensile strength achieved the highest value increase when glass fibers were added with 1.5% to become 5.3 MPA, The results of the three-dimensional modelling of concrete beams using the blender program appeared Great accuracy and convergence compared to the laboratory results of the research samples Conclusion: Reinforced concrete beams reinforced with glass fibers showed greater tensile and compression resistance compared to traditional reinforced concrete beams in order to achieve them and modelling the results helped in obtaining more accurate results, although there was no significant difference in the extracted result.
Numerals in Kokborok
Authors: Debbarma Dr. Biman
Published: November 2022

This paper will describe the numerals used in the Kokborok language. Kokborok belongs to the Bodo-Garo sub-group of the Tibeto-Burman language family, spoken in the Northeastern state of Tripura, India. According to the 2011 census, the Kokborok speakers' total population is around 8,80,537 (23.97% of the total population). This language happens to be one of the lingua-franca among the tribes. The numerals in Kokborok are of decimal type, i.e., ten base and purely absent of vigesimal, i.e., twenty base. Structurally, Kokborok categorizes into six numerals viz., (i) cardinals, (ii) ordinals, (iii) multiplicative, (iv) fractional, (v) distributive, and (vi) restrictive numerals. The raw numbers from one to ten are the basic numerals used as compounding for forming higher numerals by addition or multiplication. Syntactically, in compound nouns, the numeral always follows the head noun in Kokborok.
Altınkale as a New Thermal Water Tourism Destination in Sivas, Turkey
Authors: Dirican Seher
Published: November 2022

One of the most valuable gifts that nature offers to humanity is thermal waters. The most important feature of thermal waters is that they reflect the physicochemical structure and characteristics of the underground environment to the earth. Today, the phenomenon of tourism has changed rapidly and new touristic phenomena have emerged. It is only possible for developing countries such as Turkey to increase their share in the tourism market by diversifying their tourism services and products. Turkey is a very rich destination in terms of alternative tourism opportunities. One of the alternative tourism resources that needs to be developed in Turkey is thermal waters. The city of Sivas is at the forefront of Turkey with its thermal water resources. Among the thermal tourism destinations of the city of Sivas, Altınkale is the newest one with important touristic attractions. The interesting feature of Altınkale is that it consists of golden colored water travertines. The hot and healing thermal waters in Altınkale paint the travertines golden color. Altınkale has an important touristic attraction in Sivas city with its destination, healing, nature and color. In this study, Altınkale, which is a candidate to be a new center of attraction in thermal water tourism, is discussed.
Identificación molecular de Virus del Papiloma Humano de Alto Riesgo en carcinomas epidermoides: un piloto de implementación en entornos de recursos limitados
Authors: Benítez Arismendy , Sánchez Marte Estefani , Suero Guzmán Claudia , Peguero Armando , Paulino-Ramírez Robert
Published: November 2022

Introducción: el Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) es un factor importante en el desarrollo de cáncer cervical, cabeza y cuello. El VPH se clasifica en genotipos de bajo y alto riesgo, destacando estos últimos como un importante factor oncogénico. Las muestras fijadas en formalina y embebidas en parafina (FFPE) son una herramienta útil para identificación molecular del virus a través de la detección sistemática y la identificación de cada genotipo por separado de forma retrospectiva. El objetivo de esta investigación fue explorar un método de detección del VPH en FFPE en carcinomas de cérvix y en cabeza y cuello.

Materiales y métodos: se analizaron muestras preservadas en FFPE a través de ensayos de amplificación molecular Ampfire® HR HPV genotyping assay, para identificar 15 genotipos de alto riesgo y su potencial accesibilidad en entornos de bajos recursos. Se realizó un ensayo piloto en muestras con diagnóstico previo de carcinoma epidermoide en FFPE.

Resultados: se identificaron 12 casos con presencia de VPH. De estos, 9 de un total de 12 correspondieron al VPH16, las demás mostraron presencia de los genotipos VPH33, VPH39 y VPH52.

Conclusiones: las muestras de tejidos FFPE permitieron obtener muestras válidas para la identificación de VPH de alto riesgo. El ensayo estudiado demostró ser un buen candidato para la introducción de técnicas de genotipificación en tejidos FFPE de bajo costo en la República Dominicana.
Aceptación y confianza de la vacuna de COVID-19 en los clientes focales que acuden al Instituto Dominicano de Estudios Virológicos
Authors: Sosa Hilario Sorivel , Santana Rodríguez Laura Michelle , Sosa Laura
Published: November 2022

Introducción: los niveles de aceptación de la vacuna de COVID-19 varían a nivel mundial y es necesario tomar en cuenta los clientes priorizados, definidos como la población con poco acceso a salud por sus características sociodemográficas, migrantes haitianos y sus descendientes, con alta tasa de movilidad, escaso recursos económicos y un alto porcentaje sin documentos que avalen su estatus migratorio en República Dominicana. Esta población no se ve reflejada en ningún estudio encontrado hasta el momento.

Material y métodos: el estudio se realizó usando la encuesta de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) más creencias. Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal.

Resultados: sobre la intención de vacunarse, comparando si habría una diferencia según la condición serológica de los pacientes no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa, al realizar el test chi-cuadrado se obtuvo un p-value de 0.080. Mientras que al comparar si había alguna diferencia con las personas iletradas no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, dado que el p-value fue de 0.664. Tampoco hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa al comparar los participantes según sexo, ya que el p-value fue de 0.664. Al realizar la prueba de T desapareadas con un intervalo de confianza de 95 % debido a que se estaba comparando sí o no los pacientes se vacunarían, con la edad sí se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, pues el p-value fue de 0.001.

Conclusiones: la aceptación de la vacuna puede estar determinada por la edad y por el nivel educativo de la población migrante. Por lo que habría que realizar más estudios sobre qué otros factores pudieran afectar la intención y percepción de la efectividad de la vacuna. Además de hacer campañas específicas para esta población.
Tejidos fijados en formalina, embebidos en parafina (FFPE) como herramienta útil para extracción de ácidos nucleicos del SARS-CoV-2 en presuntas muertes causadas por COVID-19
Authors: Benítez Arismendy , Sánchez Marte Estefani , Suero Guzmán Claudia , Vallejo Degaudenzi Alejandro , Paulino-Ramírez Robert
Published: November 2022

En la República Dominicana, los primeros casos confirmados de Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo asociado al Coronavirus tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2) se notificaron a principios de marzo de 2020, con un aumento fluctuante entre diferentes hotspots en el territorio, y más de 500 mil casos con una tasa de letalidad que ha rondado entre 1.25-0.77 %. Debido al impacto del turismo en la economía dominicana, los primeros casos reportados en el país fueron asociados a visitantes de origen europeo. El objetivo de este estudio fue la detección post mortem del SARS-CoV-2 mediante la reacción cuantitativa en cadena de la polimerasa con transcripción inversa (qRT-PCR) en muestras de tejidos fijados con formalina e incluidos en parafina (FFPE) de muestras provenientes de casos sospechosos de la infección, y describir la relación con los hallazgos histopatológicos. Asimismo, evaluar el uso de qRT-PCR como herramienta para el diagnóstico post mortem de SARS-CoV-2 utilizando tejido FFPE, especialmente en aquellos casos en los que se desconoce la causa de muerte. Mediante un estudio retrospectivo realizado en un solo centro se seleccionaron dos casos que cumplían los criterios para el mismo. Los ácidos nucleicos se extrajeron de tejidos FFPE archivados seis meses después de las pautas internacionales de bioseguridad, por lo que se obtuvo ácido nucleico viral. El uso de tejidos FFPE podría ayudar a las autoridades de vigilancia epidemiológica a asignar un diagnóstico definitivo, principalmente en casos sospechosos de infecciones por SARS-CoV-2 y describir nuevos hallazgos histopatológicos de la enfermedad.
Impacto del aislamiento social por el COVID-19 en la calidad del sueño en adultos de 18 a 60 años en la República Dominicana: estudio observacional
Authors: Núñez Checo Mariel , Madera Ferreira Irvianny , Mejía Bueno Jussaly , Rosario Díaz Enmanuel , Gutiérrez Martínez Anthony , Vargas Disla Natacha
Published: November 2022

Introducción: durante la actual situación de confinamiento surgida por el COVID-19, la población ha estado expuesta a estados emocionales donde su calidad de sueño se ha visto afectada. Por esta razón, esta investigación se ha propuesto determinar el impacto del aislamiento social por el COVID-19 en la calidad del sueño en adultos de 18 a 60 años en la República Dominicana.

Materiales y métodos: este estudio observacional de corte transversal fue realizado en la República Dominicana en el 2020, específicamente en adultos de 18 a 60 años. La encuesta fue esparcida virtualmente vía Google Forms. Las variables utilizadas fueron categóricas (sexo, estado civil, zona de residencia, nivel académico, consumo de sustancias) y continuas (edad, calidad de sueño, nivel de estrés). De igual forma, se utilizaron encuestas aprobadas internacionalmente, como el Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh.

Resultados: la población del estudio consistió en 821 participantes (edad media 30.94 años, 74.3 % mujeres). La prevalencia de una mala calidad del sueño fue de 80.7 %. La puntuación media del PSQI fue de 8.56 ± 4.20. Por otro lado, se destacó la relación del estrés con una mala calidad de sueño, obteniendo una p=0.00. Los factores independientes relacionados con la mala calidad del sueño incluyeron la edad y el sexo femenino.

Conclusiones: el presente estudio muestra una visión general de las diferentes causas relacionadas a alteraciones en la calidad de sueño. Cabe destacar, la exposición a altos niveles de estrés durante el aislamiento social fruto de la pandemia causada por el COVID-19, asociado con una pobre calidad de sueño. Además, el sexo femenino mostró mayor tendencia a presentar trastornos de sueño, por igual los consumidores de alcohol.
Creencias, conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre el VIH en parejas serodiscordantes que acudieron al Servicio de Atención Integral del Batey Cinco Casas durante el período abril–junio 2021
Authors: Castillo Jean C , Contreras Matilde Marcial , Díaz Vásquez Gladisger , Rodríguez Carla , Moreno Jorge David , Sosa Laura
Published: November 2022

Introducción: el revelar el estado serológico supone una estrategia de reducción de riesgo. Con esta investigación se busca promover políticas y acciones que permitan la prevalencia de la serodiscordancia entre las parejas que viven con VIH.

Objetivo: determinar las creencias, conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre el VIH que tienen las parejas serodiscordantes que acuden al SAI Cinco Casas durante el período abril–junio 2021 y promover la serodiscordancia.

Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, que incluyó datos obtenidos a través de fuentes primarias y secundarias.

Resultados: las respuestas correctas no superaron el 68 % en ningún grupo. Las creencias sobre la cura del VIH/SIDA difieren significativamente entre grupos. Un 57.6 % de la muestra afirma usar preservativos; solo un 55.3 % usa protección siempre. Entre las prácticas más empleadas para mantener la serodiscordancia encontramos la adherencia al tratamiento (>57 %).

Conclusiones: los pacientes seropositivos conocen más las ventajas de una carga viral indetectable que los pacientes seronegativos incluidos en el estudio. El grupo seropositivo posee ideas y creencias más optimistas. Las actitudes al momento del diagnóstico fueron generalmente positivas, pero un porcentaje importante deseó la muerte.
Análisis de las emergencias pediátricas en la República Dominicana
Authors: Mota Curiel César , Taveras Ernesto , Pérez Marlene , Corona Lisandra , Herrera Luz
Published: November 2022

Introducción: los departamentos de emergencias deben contar con una organización estructural y funcional adecuada, un personal calificado con conocimientos y habilidades suficientes para brindar una atención de calidad a quienes buscan atención de emergencia. Existen pocos datos relacionados a estos fundamentos sobre las emergencias pediátricas en la República Dominicana.

Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio es analizar la situación de los departamentos de emergencias pediátricas de la República Dominicana en relación con los estándares internacionales para estos departamentos.

Método: se realizó una entrevista de manera presencial observando directamente a siete emergencias pediátricas de todas las regiones del país. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario tomado de los lineamientos de las Normas y Estándares de acreditación de los Servicios de Urgencias Español.

Resultados: los siete departamentos de emergencia brindan asistencia aproximadamente a 201,500 pacientes en un período de un año. Se evidenció dificultades arquitectónicas por falta de áreas esenciales y de las capacidades por volumen de pacientes vistos. En su mayoría había ausencia o escases de equipos básico. En cuanto la administración, solo dos centros no tenían un gerente de emergencia pediátrica.

Conclusión: es de suma importancia tener normas y estándares nacionales que sean afines con los internacionales, ya que los departamentos de emergencias pediátricas de nuestro país tienen oportunidades importantes de mejora de calidad en la atención para el beneficio de la población pediátrica.
Comparación de los valores de Spo2 de los dedos de las manos en una población sana
Authors: Nouri Kandany Vahid , Pena Núñez Melani , Marte María Isabel , Capellán Álvarez Oliber , Pérez Peña Ibrahim , De León Cruz Esmayanson
Published: November 2022

Introducción: la oximetría de pulso es una herramienta no invasiva, utilizada para determinar el contenido de oxígeno arterial periférico (SpO2). Actualmente, pocas investigaciones indican cuáles dedos de las manos son los más confiables para medir la SpO2.

Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal, cuyo propósito fue comparar los valores de SpO2 de los diferentes dedos para identificar variaciones significativas. Participaron 100 voluntarios sanos, diestros, con edades entre 23 y 46 años. Luego de cinco minutos de reposo se midió la presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca, temperatura corporal y los niveles de SpO2 en todos los dedos de ambas manos, simultáneamente durante 1 minuto, con oxímetros de misma marca y modelo.

Resultados: en la mano izquierda el promedio más alto fue de dedo anular (97.59 % ± 1.45) y solo estadísticamente significativa cuando se comparó con dedo pulgar derecho (p = 0.001), en cuanto a la mano derecha, el SpO2 más alto fue medido en el dedo anular (97.39 % ± 1.39) y solo fue estadísticamente significativo también en comparación con pulgar derecha (p = 0.045).

Conclusión: los dedos anulares de ambas manos, con ligera elevación en la mano izquierda, aun sin diferencia estadística entre ellos, son los más adecuados para medir la perfusión de oxígeno periférico con oxímetro de pulso.
Perfil alimentario y nutricional de inmigrantes dominicanos en Puerto Rico, 2017
Authors: Antún Marte Reyna , Díaz Beltré Cristina , Rivera Soto Winna , Rodríguez-Figueroa Linnette
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: describir el perfil alimentario-nutricional de dominicanos residentes en Puerto Rico (PR) y su asociación con el tiempo de residencia en ese país y la seguridad alimentaria.

Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo con una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 100 sujetos entre las edades de 21-64 años. Se administró un cuestionario socio-demográfico, antropométrico, perfil alimentario y prevalencia de seguridad alimentaria. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos (frecuencias, porcientos, promedios y desviación estándar) y de asociación (correlación Pearson y ji cuadrada).

Resultados: la mayoría de participantes fueron mujeres (68 %), con aproximadamente 50 años de edad (46.9 ± 10.9 años). El tiempo promedio de residencia en PR fue de 16.8 ± 10 años. El consumo promedio diario de frutas y vegetales fue de 5.8 ± 2.7 veces/día. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue de 39 % y 37 %, respectivamente. Un 79 % reportó tener seguridad alimentaria. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre tiempo de residencia en Puerto Rico y la frecuencia de consumo de frutas y vegetales o con el índice de masa corporal. Tampoco se encontró asociación entre seguridad alimentaria y el índice de masa corporal o el consumo de frutas y vegetales.

Conclusión: alto consumo en frecuencia de frutas y vegetales entre los dominicanos entrevistados y una alta seguridad alimentaria; sin embargo, se encontró una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tiempo de residencia en Puerto Rico y el IMC o el consumo de frutas y vegetales, ni entre la seguridad alimentaria y el IMC o el consumo de frutas y vegetales.
Impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el control de la tuberculosis en República Dominicana
Authors: Melgen Ricardo Elias
Published: November 2022

Introducción: la pandemia COVID-19 ha planteado desafíos e incógnitas en el control de la tuberculosis (TB), teniendo un impacto económico y social en la población dominicana.

Objetivo: analizar el impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en control de la tuberculosis en República Dominicana.

Método: investigación de revisión documental utilizando bases de datos y plataforma de acceso abierto. Los datos estadísticos de COVID-19 y tuberculosis se obtuvieron de las bases de datos de la DIGEPI y de la División de TB y se presentaron en tablas y gráficos, comparando año 2019 y 2020.

Resultados: se evidencia una disminución en la detección y diagnóstico de casos TB e inicio de tratamiento pre y post pandemia; disminuyendo la notificación de casos en 28 %, el número de personas sospechosas de TB investigadas para confirmar o descartar TB disminuyó de 54,062 (2019) a 14,985 (2020); el número de personas en contacto con un caso de TB evaluadas para confirmar o descarta TB de 3,824 (2019) a 2,044 (2020) y el número de pacientes que iniciaron tratamiento antituberculosis de 3,737 (2019) a 2,423 (2020). Así mismo, se establece una disminución en los casos de TB/VIH diagnosticados, casos TB con prueba de VIH, casos de TB/VIH en tratamiento antirretroviral y terapia preventiva con cotrimoxazol.

Conclusiones: la pandemia por COVID-19 y las medidas adoptadas para su control, produjo una disrupción en las actividades de detección, diagnóstico e inicio de tratamiento de los casos de TB y coinfección TB/SIDA.
Synergic Coding System: An Online Coding Platform
Authors: Patil Madhusudan Sanjay , Deore Shubham Nandkishor , Bisht Mohit Hitendra
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Online education is presently quite popular. The widespread availability of the internet makes information sharing and acquisition simple and affordable. Many schools now offer online courses in all subject areas. More students are turning to online learning due to its simplicity and ease. Online coding boot camps grew by 177% between 2018 and 2019, according to a private organization that assists consumers in finding the most affordable coding boot camps, based on a market analysis of 79 US and Canadian locations. With the increase in online coding classes and boot camps, there is a more significant demand for tools to assist instructors and students in reaping the valuable benefits from the new methods of learning and giving a lecture. The primary issue with this type of learning is the environment in the coding or programming sector. As building up infrastructure and an environment is critical. Another concern is the interaction between the teacher and student because progress tracking is unavailable in the existing systems.
An Overview on Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Suspensions
Authors: Sahu Yogesh , Jadon Arvind Singh , Jain Prateek , Thakur Bhupendra Singh , Khare Basant , Jain Anushree
Published: November 2022

The suspension is a biphasic liquid or semi-solid dosage form where the finely divided insoluble solid drug particles are homogeneously dispersed in a liquid or semi-solid medium. The solid drug particles act here as the dispersed phase and the liquid or the semi-solid as the dispersion medium. The particle diameter in a suspension is usually greater than 0.5 µm. However, it is difficult and also impractical to impose a sharp boundary between the suspensions and the dispersions having finer particles. Suspensions are an important class of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The advantages of suspension dosage forms include effective dispensing of hydrophobic drugs; avoidance of the use of cosolvents; masking of unpleasant taste of certain ingredients; offering resistance to degradation of drugs due to hydrolysis, oxidation or microbial activity; easy swallowing for young or elderly patients; and efficient intramuscular depot therapy. In addition, when compared to solution dosage forms, relatively higher concentration of drugs can be incorporated into suspension products. The present review provides an overview of various aspects of suspensions such as classification of suspensions, theories of suspensions, various suspending agents, formulations aspects of suspensions, stability of suspensions and recent research work that is being carried on suspensions.
Keywords: Suspensions, suspending agents, flocculated, Stability.
ETHNOMYCOLOGY STUDIES OF EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MACROSCOPIC FUNGI IN JEMBER, INDONESIA
Authors: Dewi Rosita Fitrah , Ummah Nofida Rahmatul , Hidayat Nurul
Published: November 2022

Macroscopic fungi are a critical component of the ecosystem, besides their use in human life. This study aimed to explain edible and medicinal macroscopic fungi in terms of socio-cultural. Ethnomycological studies were uses in holistically analysis between mycology and social science. Specimen collection and interviews were conducted using purposive sampling in 5 sampling stations in Jember to determine the diversity of macroscopic fungi and their cultural significance. Quantitative approaches were used to determine Use values (UV). This study found nineteen edible and medicinal macroscopic fungi included in Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. The highest UV was obtained by P. ostreatus and Termitomyces spp. used for food. Information about macroscopic fungi was obtained from oral history.
ETNOPHARMACOLOGY OF SPICES AS TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN ACEH RURAL COMMUNITIES CENTRAL ACEH
Authors: Ernilasari Ernilasari , Yuslinaini Yuslinaini , Saudah Saudah , Ahadi Rizky
Published: November 2022

The use of spice plants as medicine and potions cannot be separated from the culture and local wisdom adopted, so that in practice, special knowledge and skills are needed to produce drugs and potions that are believed to be able to maintain health and cure various diseases. The purpose of this study was to obtain information from the Rural Communities of Central Aceh about utilization of spices in traditional medicine. This research was conducted on the Paya Tungel Villagers, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh. This study used an exploratory survey method with purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out by semi-structured interviews with predetermined correspondents, and direct observations of spice plants in the field. Based on the results of the study, there are 21 species of spices used as medicine belonging to 9 families. Spices are used for health maintenance, anti-pain, anti-inflammatory and healing of infectious diseases and other metabolic disorders. The most widely used part of the plant is the rhizome. The most processing is boiling and then consuming it by drinking.
PLANT INVENTORY OF CAMPUS AREA AT UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALA, BANDA ACEH
Authors: Puspa Vivera Ruselli , Djufri Djufri , Hartini Suji , Rusdi Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Syiah Kuala University is one of the public universities in Banda Aceh, where each office unit has an Open Green Space (OGS). The green space is planted by plants, both intentionally and wildly. There are several plant habitus, including herbs, shrubs, and trees. There is no information on the list of flora species on the campus of Syiah Kuala University. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an inventory of plant species in the campus area has been carried out. The study was conducted using a survey method at 21 observation sites. The survey results show that there are 130 species from 41 families. Species with the highest number of species were Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Arecaceae. The most common habitats found were trees (50.77%), herbs (28.46%), shrubs (16.92%), and bush (3.86%). The species are trees intentionally planted for the open green space to function as a shade or shelter.
ANTIFUNGAL Trycophyton rubrum AND Trycophyton mentagrophytes IN LIQUID BATH SOAP FERMENTED PROBIOTIC KOMBUCHA FLOWER TELANG (Clitoria ternatea L) AS A PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY PRODUCT
Authors: Pamungkas Barolym Tri , Safitri Ayu , Rezaldi Firman , Andry Muhammad , Agustiansyah Lucky Dita , Fadillah M. Fariz , Hidayanto Fajar , Hariadi Hari
Published: November 2022

Telang flower kombucha (Clitoria ternatea L) is a functional probiotic drink that has antifungal properties. This study aimed to examine the antifungal activity of the probiotic bath soap formulation fermented kombucha telang flower against Trycophyton rubrum and Trycophyton mentagrophytes. This research method was carried out experimentally in an in vitro laboratory. The formulation of the fermented kombucha bath soap for the flower of telang was made with varying concentrations of 20%, 30%, and 40%. The preparation of probiotic bath soap for kombucha telang flower was tested for its antifungal activity against the bacteria T. rubrum and T. megantrophytes using the disc diffusion method. The working procedure includes the manufacture of bath soap preparations, and antifungal activity tests on the probiotic kombucha bath soap preparations of telang flower. The results of the study were positively correlated based on the one-way ANOVA test with f count greater than f table and showed that telang flower kombucha in the form of probiotic bath soap had antifungal activity against T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes as a whole. The concentration of 40% was the highest concentration in the probiotic soap preparations fermented kombucha telang flower with an average inhibition zone diameter of 17.70 mm in T. rubrum species and 17.30 mm in T. mentagrophytes species. The average value of the diameter of the inhibition zone is included in the strong category.
Synthesis of Ketamine Derivatives by Mannich Reactions
Authors: Muzzammil Masaud Syed , Abbas Miana Ghulam , Nazir Taha , Rasheed Nazir Saeed Ur , Riaz Humayun , Sultana Misbah , Sultana Munir Safia , Akhtar Shah Pervaiz , Nadeem Humaira , Rabi Ishtiaq
Published: November 2022

Arylcyclohexylamine Ketamine (HCL) has played an important role in Veterinary and Human Medicine as safe and reliable anesthetic agent but asit produces dysphoria several new derivatives of Ketamine have been synthesized till date. In this Research we have Utilized Mannich reaction to Synthesize The ammonia, primary amine and secondary amine are treated with hydrochloric acid and then added to the formaldehyde. Three novel derivatives were synthesized namely2-(2-chlorophenyl)- 6-[(diethyl amino) methyl]-2-(methylamino) cyclohexanone by RXN:102 Mannich Reaction of Ketamine with Di-ethylamine , rxn 113 2-(2chlorophenyl-6-dinitrophenyl hydrazine-methyl2(methylamino) cyclohexanone by Reaction of Ketamine with Di-nitro Phenyl Hydrazine & Rxn: 601. Mannich Reaction of Ketamine with Piperazine to form (2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-6-(piperazine -1-yl) methyl cyclohexanone. Other reactions were also undergone to prepare oxazolidine derivatives of ketamine namely Synthesis of ketamine dioxolane derivative:Ketal and Hemiaminal Formation , Rxn: 103 Reaction of Ketamine with Glycerin [6-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-(methylamino)-1, 4-dioxaspiro [4.5] dec-2-yl] methanol and Rxn: 801 Reaction of Ketamine with Ephedrine N ,3,4-trimethyl-2,6 diphenyl-1oxa-4azaspiro [4.5] decan-6-amine derivative was formed. Thin layer chromatography of the synthesized derivatives was performed by using a solvent system of ethyl acetate and chloroform (50:50) and the RF values were calculated. The solubility test proves that compounds obtained from ketamine are polar in nature. All derivatives show similarity in solubility of ketamine. Although the melting points were not exactly comparable to that of ketamine, the range was not more than 5-10°C. This relatively narrow range of melting points proved that these were pure compounds. NMR spectroscopy was performed on all newly synthesized derivatives of ketamine. The notable ones obtained from reactions i.e. Rxn 102, 113, 103, 601and 801. The results of spectroscopy demonstrate that the compounds obtained were completely new species however they were structurally related to ketamine. These derivatives synthesized and confirmed by NMR technology. The derivatives can potentially be formulated for therapeutical purpose. Despite some limitations which are being considered in current drug design, the derivatives have the potential to develop into chemically modified entities that can play a major role in clinical therapeutics. Additional research studies will potentially help to determine the advanced method for high and sophisticated yield of these derivatives. Moreover, synthesis of ketamine metabolites namely N-demethyl compound and N-demethyl-5,6-dehydro analogues is established. However, further studies and modifications of these compounds will open new ventures of drug design and development of clinical implications in health care system.
Dry Syrup: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Swarnalatha K. Mary , Harshika A. , Iswariya V.T. , Madhavi N.
Published: November 2022

The oral dosage forms are most popular because of their ease of administration, patient compliance, and formulation stability. Tablets and capsules, the most popular oral dosage form, have the drawback of difficulty swallowing the dosage form specially developed for pediatric and geriatric patients. In recent times the, modern scientific and technological advancement in pharmaceutical field has created a bank of interest in the reconstitutable oral suspension (Dry syrup). Dry syrups are the dry mixtures that require adding water at the dispensing time. Dry syrups show adequate chemical stability of drug during shelf life and reduce the final product's weight. Moreover, dry syrups show higher bioavailability than tablets and capsules as they disintegrate in water outside the oral cavity and directly enter the gastrointestinal tract. Most of the drugs prepared as dry powders for oral suspensions are antibiotics. The present review gives an account of the excipients used, methods of preparation of dry syrup, their evaluation, and their packaging. When manufacturing dry syrup medicine, the dry mixture should have a uniform concentration of the required ingredients. This ensures that the drug does not break up into a non-homogeneous mixture when reconstituted, which may lead to errors in dosage. The items used in the manufacturing of dry syrup include excipients, granule disintegrating, granule binder and powder blends. Excipients are used to stabilize active ingredients for a long period. The type of excipient used is based on the suitability for reconstitution and the type of the powder the granule disintegrate helps ensure the dry syrup particles do not aggregate during reconstitution. The granule binder helps ensure that the dry syrup's particles settle in the suspension.
Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Philippine native pigs highlights four priority populations for conservation
Authors: Banayo Joy , Manese Kathlyn Louise , Furusho Kaito , Salces Agapita , Yamagata Takahiro
Published: November 2022

The Philippine native pig (PhNP) is a unique genetic resource with
complex genetics due to multiple ancestries and hybridizations with wild
pigs. No prior study has determined the population structure and genetic
diversity of PhNPs on multiple islands and provinces, which is essential
for establishing conservation priorities. In this study, we explore the
population structure and genetic diversity of various PhNP populations
in Luzon and the Visayas, Philippines, to identify conservation
priorities. We analyzed 157 native pigs representing 7 populations
(Benguet (B), Kalinga (K), Nueva Vizcaya, Isabela (I), Quezon (Q),
Marinduque (M), and Samar (S)) and 39 pigs of transboundary distribution
(Duroc, Large White, Landrace, and Berkshire). The pigs were compared
against a panel of 21 ISAG–FAO recommended microsatellite markers. We
tested for population structure at the island, administrative region and
province levels. Strong genetic differentiation between native and
transboundary breeds was confirmed by analysis of molecular variance
(Frt: 0.08; F’st: 0.288-0.728), Bayesian clustering (k = 2) and Nei’s DA
genetic distance (98% bootstrap support for the PhNP cluster). PhNP
exhibited high heterozygosity (Ho: 0.72), a high allele count (Na: 9.24)
and a low inbreeding coefficient (Fis: -0.022 to 0.150). Bayesian
clustering supported genetic differentiation at the island (k = 2; North
Luzon and South Luzon-Visayas cluster), administrative region (k = 4)
and population (k= 9) levels. The pairwise F’st between PhNP populations
ranged from 0.130 (Q and M) to 0.427 (Q and K), confirming that PhNP
populations exhibited sufficient genetic distance to be considered
separate populations. This study shows that the seven previously
assigned PhNP populations, roughly delimited by provincial origin, are
unique genetic units for conservation. Furthermore, the small effective
population sizes of B, Q, I, and S (Ne: 5, 17, 24, and 26, respectively)
necessitate immediate conservation actions, such as incentivizing the
farming of PhNP.
Magnesium promotes nitrate uptake by increasing shoot-to-root translocation of sorbitol in apple seedlings
Authors: Tian Ge , Liu Chunling , Xu Xin-Xiang , Xing Yue , Liu Jingquan , Lyu Mengxue , Feng Zi-Quan , Zhang Xuelin , Qin Hanhan , Jiang Han , Zhu Zhanling , Jiang Yuanmao , Ge Shunfeng
Published: November 2022

Both magnesium (Mg) and nitrogen (N) play many important roles in plant
physiological and biochemical processes. Plants usually exhibit low
nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) under Mg deficiency conditions,
but the mechanisms by which Mg regulates NUE are not well understood.
Herein, we investigated biomass, nutrient uptake, sorbitol and sucrose
transport, and relative gene expression in apple seedlings under various
concentrations of Mg and N treatments in hydroponic cultures. We first
observed that low Mg supply significantly limited plant growth and N, Mg
concentrations. Increasing the supply of N, but not Mg, partially
alleviated the inhibition of plant growth under low Mg stress, which
indicated that Mg deficiency had a negative impact on plant growth
because it inhibits N absorption. Moreover, we found that the expression
of nitrate transporter genes MdNRT2.1 and MdNRT2.4 was
significantly downregulated by low Mg stress, and sufficient Mg
significantly promoted sucrose and sorbitol synthesis and transport from
leaves to roots by regulating relevant enzyme activity and genes
expression. Further experiments showed that exogenous sorbitol can
rapidly restore MdNRT2.1/2.4 expression and nitrate uptake under
low Mg availability, suggesting that Mg may regulate MdNRT2.1/2.4
expression by regulating more sorbitol transport to roots. Taken
together, Mg promoted sorbitol synthesis and transport into roots, thus
upregulating the expression of MdNRT2.1/2.4 and increasing the
absorption of nitrate.