bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cultural Stereotype on Inter-cultural Relations from The English Teaching Perspective
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: January 2024

Cultural differences widely existed are often simply standardized into preconceived ideas and images, leading to stereotype on different ethnic groups. Such fixed conceptions could have real consequence on the human behaviour and its evalution. This paper intends to explore the effects of these mindsets of different cultures in several aspects. The overall negative impacts caused by stereotype have been demonstrated for an array of social groups in terms of internaltinal students’ academic performance, global trade and mass tourism. This essay has examined the decreasing efficiency of students, employees and visitors abroad have resulted from the prejudice even without conscious awareness.
Study on CNC Practical Training Teaching Reform under the Background of Industry-Education Integration: Taking Rui 'an College as an Example
Authors: Fu Yanjie
Published: January 2024

Rui 'an College is a full-time vocational college serving the county economy. According to the talent demand of local enterprises, the college closely integrates industry and teaching to optimize the teaching integration, and at the same time respects the individual differences and autonomy of students in learning, forming a new teaching mode. Taking the mechanical design and manufacturing major of Rui 'an College as an example, this paper explores the implementation of the teaching mode under the background of "industry-education integration" in CNC practical training classes. It proposes a unique concentric, consistent teaching mode, grasps its characteristics, and trains students in mechanical design and manufacturing major to become high-quality skilled talents needed by society.
Describing the English Context of Chengdu Textile College in Sichuan Province
Authors: Deng Wen , Maria Virginia Kitan
Published: January 2024

This study examines the current state of English language education at Chengdu Textile College in Sichuan Province. It aims to offer practical recommendations for improving higher vocational English teaching at the college. The research employed a quantitative approach, using an online questionnaire to survey third-year Business English students. The data collected was systematically analyzed, focusing on student motivations, teaching methods, curriculum implementation, and teacher support. Key findings indicate that students are primarily motivated by academic requirements and lack intrinsic motivation. Teaching methods are moderately effective, with room for improvement in interactive and multimedia approaches. While curriculum alignment with students' abilities is relatively strong, more learning resources and interactive activities are needed. Teacher support is considered satisfactory, emphasizing one-on-one tutoring and self-study resources. Additionally, the study identifies challenges in English learning, including translation difficulties, fear of public speaking, comprehension issues, vocabulary retention, pronunciation, and grammar. Thus, the study proposes strategies such as creating a conducive learning environment, incorporating real-world work-related content, increasing English listening and speaking classes, minimizing classroom distractions, and establishing a designated area for morning reading. This research provides practical recommendations for educators and administrators at Chengdu Textile College to enhance the English learning experience and prepare students for future global opportunities. The findings can serve as a reference for improving higher vocational English education in China, ultimately enhancing students' language proficiency and future career prospects.
Exploration of Talent Training in Respiratory Therapy Nursing
Authors: Liu Guijuan , Fei Suding
Published: January 2024

As an emerging specialty in the past 20 years, respiratory therapy has attracted more attention due to epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia. The cultivation of respiratory care personnel is also particularly important. Therefore, our university has decided to set up a respiratory therapy nursing direction to cultivate more talents in this field, and now summarizes the thinking and exploration of talent training in order to promote the cultivation of such talents.
English Writing Mindsets and Feedback-Seeking Behaviors of Chinese College EFL Students
Authors: Zhang Guoxia
Published: January 2024

English writing effectively prompts learners to internalize the English language knowledge gained through reading and listening into their own linguistic and communicative competence, and thus comprehensively contributes to the improvement of their overall English language proficiency. English writing is the ultimate and most fundamental measure of students’ language proficiency. This study sought to investigate the relationship between English writing mindsets and feedback-seeking behaviors of selected Chinese EFL students. In this study, quantitative research was used. The respondents comprised 400 college students from three Chinese universities. Correlational analysis was used to handle the data that were gathered utilizing survey questionnaires. The results demonstrated that, on the whole, the participants tended toward a growth mindset in the setting of English writing mindset and that, by using monitoring or inquiry techniques and delaying feedback seeking, they had a favorable attitude toward feedback-seeking behaviors. Furthermore, the T-test findings indicated gender disparities in mindsets, with males having stronger growth mindset than females. Additionally, correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between English writing mindsets and feedback-seeking behaviors. Students who frequently applied growth mindset also tended to have higher levels of feedback-seeking behaviors. Finally, pedagogical suggestions were put forward based on these findings.
Unveiling Patriarchal Authority: Exploring the Elements of Fiction in Faulkner's A Rose for Emily
Authors: Nuerjiang DINA
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to explore the complex interplay between the various components of fiction and the overarching theme of patriarchal authority and control in William Faulkner's A Rose for Emily. By delving into these intricate connections, this study seeks to illuminate the profound impact that these literary devices have on shaping both the narrative and the overall interpretation of the story. Furthermore, the paper will be divided into five distinct sections, each addressing different aspects of the theme. The introduction will provide an overview of the major themes present in A Rose for Emily and will elaborate on the rationale behind choosing patriarchal authority and control as the focal point of this analysis.
Experiences on the Principles of Training of The Team Sports Among Athletes and Coaches Towards an Upskilling Program
Authors: Dai Zhao
Published: January 2024

Trainings of athletes are very significant for them to perform at their best in their actual game or competition. Though not a guarantee of successful result but will be assured of the degree of preparations both physically and emotionally among them. Hence, coaches play a significant role in the training of these athletes particularly those who are engaged in team sports. Perhaps teachers cum coaches have been on a group ride or run, or in a particular lane at a group practice, where the speeds are sizzling from the start. For a few moments they are right there hanging with the pack. Then, he/she dropped like a rock. The heart is pounding, the legs are burning and he/she gives it all he/she have. The group speed is obviously too fast for him/her to sustain.
The Impact of the Internet on the Development of Agricultural Product Value Chain
Authors: Li Xinyi , Li Xiang
Published: January 2024

With the popularization and rapid development of the Internet, the development of the value chain of agricultural products has also been profoundly affected. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of the Internet in the production, processing, circulation, consumption and extension of each link in the value chain of agricultural products, analyze the impact of the Internet on the development of the value chain of agricultural products, and point out the problems of information security and value chain financing of agricultural products in the process of promoting the development of the value chain of agricultural products, so as to put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of agricultural products e-commerce and cross-border e-commerce of agricultural products, improve the Internet application ability of farmers, and increase the support for the value chain financing of agricultural products. This is of great significance for promoting the deep integration of the Internet and agriculture and promoting the realization of agricultural modernization in China.
Analysis of the Chinese Translation of The Art of Loving (Excerpt) from the Perspective of Newmark’s Translation Theory
Authors: Luo Yina
Published: January 2024

Peter Newmark was a famous British translator and translation theorist. According to the type of text, he divided texts into expressive text, informative text, and vocative text in his first book Approaches to Translation, published in 1981 and formed the core concept of his translation thought, “semantic translation” and “communicative translation”. Based on semantic translation, communicative translation, and text typology, this paper tries to analyze the Chinese translation of the source text, The Art Of Loving(excerpts), written by Eric Fromm, a famous German-American psychologist, psychoanalyst and philosopher. Due to the psychology and critical thinking of the source text, the translator prefers to communicative translation and uses various translation methods and skills to reduce reading difficulties. This paper finds that any translation is a mixture of many theories, strategies, or methods. To some extent, in the process of translation, it inspires us to pay more attention to the use of translation theory, so that intuition and rationality can be combined, and closer to the essence of translation than the subconscious translation behaviors.
Experimental Study on Field Leadership Intervention in Dancesport Courses
Authors: Wu Dingfeng , Norita Encisa Manly
Published: January 2024

To evaluate the effectiveness of field leadership theory in Dance sport course, we conducted an experiment of field leadership intervention in teaching In the experiment, the students are randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, using the same teaching content, field leadership intervention is carried out in the experimental group to evaluate which teaching method of field leadership is better than the traditional teaching method The experience last for 12 weeks According to the pre test and post test of leadership and the ranking of the same competition in the final competition, it was found that the final performance and leadership of the experimental group were significantly better than that of the control group That is, field leadership intervention in Dance sport course has a significant effect on improving students' leadership and semester performance.
Processes and Strategies for Digital Transformation in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Lv Yimiao , Peng Haibin , Li Huifang , Li Wenhao
Published: January 2024

The manufacturing supply chain has undergone an on-going transformation using revolutionary digital technologies that have profoundly changed manufacturing processes and operation ways. It is necessary to conduct digital technologies to enhance production performance. The present study analysis related digital technologies in manufacturing sector and proposes a framework under the fourth industrial revolution background, explores the benefits and challenges of digitalization. In addition, this paper establishes a manufacturing system with the applications of big data, 5G, AI in manufacturing processes. The product data can be collected and stored in the nodes of supply chain. The traceability results show the digitalization has great impacts to the manufacturing systems.
Research on Ideological and Political Teaching of College English Course under the POA Theory
Authors: Chen Jing
Published: January 2024

Promoting the ideological and political construction of college curriculum is the focus and direction of college education reform under the new situation. The curriculum characteristics of college English make it play an important role in the ideological and political construction of the curriculum. Based on the theory of POA, this paper integrates the ideological and political elements of curriculum into the whole process of classroom teaching such as motivating, enabling and assessing, aiming to explore the feasible paths and methods for integrating ideological and political education into college English teaching.
ESG Sustainable Evaluation of the Silk Road on Ice Based on Entropy Weight TOPSIS Method
Authors: Diao Mengqi , Fang Huirong , Zhou Xinru
Published: January 2024

As an international economic and trade cooperation project, "Ice Silk Road" is of excellent research significance to the sustainable development construction strategy proposed by China. Based on the ESG sustainable evaluation framework, this paper constructs a sustainable evaluation index system for the "Ice Silk Road" project from three dimensions: society, environment and governance. Then, the entropy weight method and TOPSIS model were used to sort and evaluate the sustainable development performance of relevant countries along the "Ice Silk Road" project from 2013 to 2019, and suggestions were put forward for the research on ESG sustainable development construction of the "Ice Silk Road" project. The results showed that the environmental dimension accounted for a large part of the sustainable development performance from 2013 to 2019, and there were differences in the level of sustainable development infrastructure construction among countries along the "Ice Silk Road" project. Finland, Denmark, Sweden, Japan and the United Kingdom ranked top in comprehensive strength. Denmark, Norway and South Korea have the highest level of sustainable development, while China has the lowest overall score, but China has a large room for improvement in the future from the social and environmental dimensions of development; China needs to strengthen exchanges and cooperation to promote the sustainable development of the "Ice Silk Road" project.
Mitochondria in aging: A review of structure, function, and interorganelle relationships
Authors: Chen Mingyuan
Published: January 2024

The process of aging is what everyone is experiencing during the whole life. Many factors contribute to the aging process, among which the changes in mitochondrial structure and function are one important step. in this review, we elaborated on the relationship between mitochondria and aging from three aspects: the structure and function of mitochondria, the changes of mitochondria during aging, and the relationship between mitochondria and other organelles, we also described the progress related to mitochondrial targeted therapy. In summary, The passage highlights a review that examines the connection between mitochondria and aging from three main angles: understanding the structure and function of mitochondria, exploring how mitochondria change as an individual ages, and uncovering their relationships with other cellular organelles. Additionally, the passage discusses the advancements in mitochondrial targeted therapy within the context of aging.
The bioinformatic analysis of CFTR in essential hypertension
Authors: Zhu Junzhen
Published: January 2024

The CFTR gene is associated with cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease primarily affecting the respiratory and digestive systems. Essential hypertension is a common cardiovascular disorder characterized by high blood pressure. In this bioinformatic analysis, various databases and tools were used to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying this association. Gene expression data and epigenetic analyses were used to identify the biological processes between CFTR and hypertension. Additionally, genetic variants within CFTR were analysed for potential effects on hypertension susceptibility. The results of this analysis suggest that CFTR may not play a role in hypertension. Moreover, hypertension has no special epigenetic feather. Further studies are needed to confirm the mechanisms of such a phenomenon.
Research on the gold criteria of imaging to diagnose left ventricular non-compaction
Authors: Gu Yixuan
Published: January 2024

The gold standard for diagnosing left ventricular noncompaction evaluated in this article was compared using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. To generate results, the paper used systematic data analysis techniques such as article screening, data extraction, meta-analysis, and forest plots. Use data gaps exhibited on forest plots to eliminate untrustworthy data, shown here as major gaps with other data, that should be avoided in follow-up investigations. The value of the aforementioned gold standard for diagnosis is as follows. It was discovered that two figures demonstrated the reliability of cMRI, while the other demonstrated that the echocardiograph was more accurate. Two numbers were eliminated because there was no statistically significant difference, and the data p > 0.05. More data integration is still required.
Research on prosthesis customization with 3D modeling and printing technology
Authors: Chen Yunlin
Published: January 2024

With the development of science and technology and the maturity of technology, the application of 3D printing technology has developed from the art to the clinical medical treatment. Nowadays, the research and development and production of personalized customized orthopedic medical devices are possible, and the production line and supply chain of customized prostheses are constantly improving. The research on 3D printing and prosthesis customization technology is at the forefront of science. This article uses the method of literature review, reading, quoting, and summarizing several domestic and foreign professional experimental records and opinions, focusing on the history of 3D modeling and printing technology, the application method of this technology and the current clinical application of 3D modeling and printing technology. This paper puts forward reflection on the current shortcomings of the technology and my thinking and suggestions for future research. The conclusion of this paper is that 3D modeling and printing technology has played a great role in medical treatment, but there are still shortcomings in terms of cost and materials.
The comorbidity of anxiety-related disorders and insomnia: An analysis of mechanisms
Authors: Chen Vincent Qijun
Published: January 2024

Anxiety is a common epidemiological mental disorder that includes Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), panic disorders (PD), and phobias; its causes include anxiogenic genes and the living environment; insufficient or low sleep quality can trigger and intensify anxiety disorders. Neurotransmitters play an essential role in operating our bodys crucial functions, such as emotional regulation and sleep, so much neuroimaging evidence suggests they are critical to forming anxiety and insomnia. Previous longitudinal studies suggest that insomnia is a significant index and predictor of mental health and, therefore, can also be generated from mental disorders due to their comorbidity. This short review will posit the formation of insomnia caused by the presence of anxiety disorders in patients with both insomnia and anxiety symptoms. This review further discusses some therapies that enhance and improve sleep quality among insomnia problems. It mostly debates the thesis that anxiety is the driving factor and precedes insomnia and its related neuropathological developments that can be highlighted from neurotransmitter systems and sleeping models such as the hyperarousal model. Overall, it is significant that individuals with anxiety-related disorders have lower sleeping qualities that cause functional impairment and lower subjective living qualities.
Therapeutic effect and potential application of scorpion venom peptide
Authors: Du Yuhao
Published: January 2024

Scorpions has been existing on earth for hundreds of million years, and its venoms are mostly highly toxic and presents a deadly threat to people around the world. Scorpion venoms are highly complicated cocktails of bioactive components including proteins, amino acids, peptides, and other organic or inorganic molecules. Among them, the main active components are bioactive peptides called neurotoxins. Advancements in research on the toxic mechanisms of common scorpion toxins has found various therapeutic properties of several peptides on a large variety of diseases including different types of cancer and infections. Therefore, scorpion venoms may not only be a threat, but also a valuable source of novel drug components, especially therapeutic peptides. This research gives a brief introduction on scorpions and the components of its venoms, and focuses on presenting current knowledge on the medical effects of neurotoxins in scorpion venom, and potentials applications of the peptides in drug development.
Early diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric growth hormone deficiency
Authors: Wang Zhaoqi
Published: January 2024

Over the last century, adult height has shown a marked increase, largely attributed to advancements in nutrition and healthcare. Monitoring child growth is crucial for the early identification of growth-related disorders. One such condition is the underperformance of the pituitary gland, which can lead to a deficiency in growth hormone, manifesting as short stature. Therapeutic interventions, such as growth hormone therapy and low-dose androgen therapy, have proven effective. These treatments utilize synthetic hormones to foster normal growth. Prompt and accurate diagnosis, coupled with precise treatment, is critical to empower individuals to reach their maximum growth potential and alleviate associated health concerns. Future research should aim to deepen our understanding of the interplay between pituitary cells, uncover additional genetic factors contributing to short stature, and enhance growth hormone replacement therapies. Such progress will significantly bolster the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for children with growth impairments.
AÇIKLANAMAYAN İNFERTİLİTEDE iNTRAUTERİN İNSEMİNASYONUN YERİ VE KULLANILAN OVER STİMULASYON PROTOKOLLERİ İLE YAŞIN GEBELİK ORANLARINA ETKİSİ VAR MI
Authors: Dikbaş Levent , Duran Bülent , Küçük Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, açıklanamayan infertilitede intrauterin inseminasyonun yeri olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Birincil olarak başarı oranı, ikincil olarak bu endikasyonda, varsa intrauterin inseminasyonun başarısının yaş ve kullanılan over stimülasyon protokolüne bağlı olup olmadığının incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif kohort gözlemsel çalışmamız, 2018-2019 yılları arasında 18-43 yaşlarında açıklanamayan infertil tanısıyla intrauterin inseminasyon yapılan 113 hastayı içermektedir. Klinik gebelik oranları frekans (yüzde) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kadın yaşının, over stimulasyonu için kullanılan ilaçların klinik gebelik oranlarına etkisi Pearson Ki Kare testi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Açıklanamayan infertilitede intrauterin inseminasyon ile tüm hastalarda klinik gebelik oranı % 14.1 dir. Yaş, gebelik oranını anlamlı derecede etkilemiyor görünmektedir, ancak en fazla gebelik 35 yaş altı grupta elde edilmiştir. Over stimulasyonu için gonadotropinlerin kullanıldığı grupta gebelik oranları en yüksektir (%36.4), oral ilaçla birlikte gonadotropinlerin kullanıldığı gruptaki gebelik oranı da dikkat çekici derecede iyidir (%33.3). İlaç ve yaşın kombine etkisi istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdır.
Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre açıklanamayan infertilitede, İUİ tek denemede bile dikkat çekici başarısıyla denenmeye değer bir yöntemdir. Maliyet etkin, uygulaması kolay, daha az invazif, hasta dostu bu tedavi, iyi seçilmiş hasta grubunda ilk seçenek olarak önerilebilir. Hasta yaşının ve stimulasyon protokollerinin gebelik oranlarına etkisi anlamlı değildir.
Knowledge, Perception, and Practice of Libyan Mothers towards Varicella and Its Vaccination Tripoli, Libya
Authors: Khalifa Ehmeid , Musa Hadil , Benrween Aisha , Alnaami Mohammed , Areebi Asraa
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to ascertain the level of knowledge, perception and practice towards chickenpox infection and its vaccination and to find out the relationship of knowledge to some of related characteristics of the mothers and their children. A cross sectional study was conducted among Libyan mothers in Albadri polyclinic the east district of Tripoli. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 26. A total of 204 Libyan mothers attending Albadri polyclinic participated in the study their mean age was 32.06 (± 7.664) years. Most of the respondents (95.6%) had heard about chickenpox and (84%) stated correctly about its mode of transmission. Majority were well aware of the signs and symptoms of the infection, (51%) of the respondents knew about chickenpox vaccination, and only (43.1%) have been known that the vaccine was available in Libya. Concerning perception (81.4%) of respondents had negative perception about their child might get chickenpox. (80.9%) of the respondents were agree about their believing that chickenpox is serious disease and only 12.3% respondents believed that vaccine was effective, (77.9%) of respondents had negative perception about safety of vaccine. Concerning practice approximately (80%) of the respondents had vaccinated or had intension for vaccination their children against chickenpox. The current study indicated considerable knowledge levels and practice on varicella disease and its vaccination were observed among Libyan mothers. Addressing concerns regarding vaccine effectiveness, safety and importance through educational campaigns to ensure that all mothers are informed of the availability and benefits of the varicella vaccine.
Quality Evaluation of Multiple-Choice Questions as an Assessment Tool for Medical Students
Authors: Aboonq Moutasem
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
Assessment is an educational process that measures student ability to accomplish specific objectives, helping to bridge the gap between teaching and learning. This study evaluated the quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) used to assess undergraduate medical students’ knowledge in the Nutrition & Metabolism course at Taibah University.

Methods:
The study used item analysis to evaluate the MCQs, including item difficulty, item discrimination, reliability, standard error of measurement, and distractor analysis. The study enrolled 171 undergraduate medical students who took a 30-item MCQ exam.

Results:
The results showed that the exam was reliable and consistent in measuring students’ knowledge and understanding, but some items had issues that needed revision or deletion from the question bank. The report provides useful information for improving the exam’s quality and highlights the importance of ongoing assessment and revision of exam items. The findings suggest that ongoing assessment and revision of exam items are crucial to improving the quality of assessments and creating more effective measures of student learning.

Conclusions:
By leveraging these results, educators can identify areas where students may need further support and improve the design of their assessments.
The Effect of Educative Blog Health Education in Preparation for Childbirth on the Knowledge of Pregnant Women Primigravida Trimester III
Authors: Sartika Yan , Putriani Christina , Hindratni Findy , Permatasari Septi
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
Maternal labor-readiness will help mothers to be more willing to face their labor smoothly and prevent high maternal and infant mortality rates. Then the easy way to use blog applications as a medium to meet information needs is expected to help third trimester pregnant women in preparing for their labor. Educational blogs can be an innovation in health education for pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of educational blogs on the knowledge of third trimester primigravid women about labor preparation in the Payung Sekaki Health Center area, Riau, Indonesia.

Methods:
This type of experimental research used a One Group Pretest-Posttest research design that included 60 primigravid women who were randomly selected and met the inclusion requirements. This research was conducted at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center Riau, Indonesia in August-December 2022. Statistical tests were conducted using paired sample t-test.

Results:
The results showed that the average score of Pre-Test knowledge was 70.80 and Post-Test 88.60 and there was an effect of using educational blog media on the knowledge of third trimester primigravid women about labor preparation in the Payung Sekaki Health Center area (p < 0.05) with an increase in knowledge by 25.14%.

Conclusions:
It is expected that health workers can optimize the use of educational blogs in providing health education as a promotional effort, especially regarding childbirth preparation.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practice of Artificial Intelligence among Medical Students and Doctors at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alwadaani Hamed
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims:
Artificial Intelligence is no longer a new concept for the medical profession but is still finding its way into the realm of healthcare. Saudi Arabia is attempting to make most of it, especially in major healthcare settings.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted at King Faisal University using a self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics as well as knowledge, perceptions, and practice of AI. Universal sampling was implemented to recruit all medical students in the clinical stage of MBBS (Bachelors of Medicine and Surgery) and all available doctors working at KFU. Descriptive analysis and a chi-squared test was applied for determining correlation of sociodemographic variables with outcome variables, i.e., knowledge, perceptions, and practices relating to AI.

Results:
A total of 159 participants participated in our study. Those who were being taught about AI had significantly more basic knowledge about it (96.9%) than those not being taught about it (81.1%). Knowledge about deep learning was significantly higher among men (43.9%) than women (16.1%). The majority of the participants strongly agreed (84.4%) that AI is essential in medical practice, and most doctors and students have applied AI in the past in the medical field, are willing to practice it in the future, and/or are considering how to include it in the medical curriculum.

Conclusions:
There is a need for rigorous research, education, and focused training of present and future doctors to help them learn the significance of, and acquire the skills to implement, AI as one component of modern technology
Ministerial Briefing Paper of Food Safety Issue
Authors: Wu Ying
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this brief paper is to review the background and pre-existing policies/activity related to food safety and provide options for the Australian government to prevent and respond to any significant outbreaks of infections or poisoning related to local and imported foods. There are three aspects of recommendations provided for the Australian government to prevent and respond to food safety issues: aligning the three principles with food safety governance, food risk reduction measures, and data collection and analysis of socioeconomic status of population. The proposed options mainly focus on the prevention of significant outbreaks of significant infections and poisoning related to local and imported food. Even though there are both advantages and disadvantages of each aspect of options, the three aspects of options are still all recommended for the minister.
Empowering Women for the Good of Society. Gender-based Resilience Series
Authors:   UNESCO
Published: January 2024

“Diversity is a fact. Inclusion is an act.” This report contributes first-time hard evidence about the impact of gender discrimination on the resilience of economies and societies. Here, resilience is understood as “the capacity to withstand or recover quickly from shocks”. The analysis shows the extent to which the gaps that women endure in relation to wages, non-paid work, the glass ceiling, and violence, among others, weaken countries. The report proposes an encompassing framework to identify key determinants and mechanisms shaping gender-based discrimination. It then takes this framework to existing data and identifies some of the many challenges that women are confronted with, assesses the magnitude of the different facets that this problem takes, and highlights how they relate to societal dynamics, economic performance and resilience to shocks. UNESCO Catno: 0000387885 https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000387885
Fighting racism and discrimination: a UNESCO toolkit
Authors:   UNESCO
Published: January 2024

Globally,1 in 5 people have experienced discrimination on at least one of the grounds prohibited under international human rights law. Despite action around the world to end hate and combat discrimination, our societies continue to struggle. Institutionalised and structural racism remains a significant challenge with societies only beginning to come to terms with the harsh realities of historical legacies of inequality. Regardless of the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement following the death of George Floyd and increased discussion, policies tackling the legacies of historical racism as well as contemporary racism remain limited. Arguments on the ethics of collecting racial and ethnicity data persist, making measurement of racism and discrimination all the more challenging and leading to difficulties in fully comprehending this issue. However, with impact ranging from education to housing to income to criminal justice, these issues cannot wait. Recognising the magnitude of this challenge and responding to the urgent call for action–the Global Call against Racism–by our Member States, UNESCO has developed the UNESCO Anti-Racism Toolkit. Within the pages of this guide, you will find core concepts, good practices from around the world, practical exercises, and more. A tool designed to support policy-makers in developing anti-racist legislation, it is a first step to tackling the historical and structural racism within our societies.
AI Threats to Women’s Rights
Authors: Hall Matthew , Pester Andreas , Atanasov Alex
Published: January 2024

The last few decades have seen a remarkable increase in the accessibility and capabilities of technologies using artificial intelligence, augmented, virtual, and mixed reality technologies, which allow users to create new virtual digital worlds, or generate unseen text, images, videos and sound. However, these new spaces have also provided new opportunities to use such technologies to harm women. This article tackles the threat of AI technologies to women’s rights. First, we introduce the deepfake pornography technology based on AI. Second, we expose the gaps in the international legal order governing women's rights against threats posed by those technologies. Then, we provide three examples for domestic/regional legal frameworks which address AI threats to women's rights. These include regulations enacted in some US states, the UK’s pending legislation and a proposal of a European Union law. We highlight the different challenges facing the creation and implementation of those laws. We address the different options for holding someone accountable for violations of women's rights through the Al technologies. We pinpoint the existence of gaps and weaknesses in contemporary legislations addressing Al threats to women's rights. Still we commend the efforts of the above leading jurisdictions that have brought developments in this important subject. Finally, we propose a way to identify the legally responsible entity in order to avoid the socially undesirable behavior that comes from deepfake pornography.
Stress, Coping, and Well-being in Teachers and School Administrators
Authors: Woloshyn Vera , Savage Michael , Maich Kimberly , Penney Sharon
Published: January 2024

This study explored educators’ self-reported state of well-being, perceived stressors, and use of coping strategies. Data collection consisted of an online survey and semi-structured focus groups. In total, 115 educators completed the online survey and 18 educators participated in the focus groups. Educators reported overall experiences of poor well-being, low resilience, high levels of compassion fatigue, and high levels of emotional exhaustion. Participants identified ongoing stressors related to supporting student learning and well-being, overseeing classroom environments, navigating limited community-based resources and supports, and managing increasing administrative demands and functions. Implications of the findings for practice are discussed.
Keywords: Stress; Coping; Well-being; Educators; Mental Health
Cette étude a exploré l'état de bienêtre déclaré par les éducateurs, les facteurs de stress perçus et l'utilisation de stratégies d'adaptation. La collecte des données a consisté en une enquête en ligne et des groupes de discussion semi-structurés. Au total, 115 éducateurs ont répondu à l'enquête en ligne et 18 éducateurs ont participé aux groupes de discussion. Les éducateurs ont fait état d'expériences globales de malêtre, de faible résilience, de niveaux élevés d'usure de la compassion et de niveaux élevés d'épuisement émotionnel. Les participants ont identifié des facteurs de stress permanents liés au soutien de l'apprentissage et du bienêtre des élèves, à la supervision des environnements de classe, à la navigation dans les ressources et soutiens communautaires limités, et à la gestion des demandes et fonctions administratives croissantes. On discute des implications des résultats pour la pratique.
Mots clés : stress ; adaptation ; bienêtre ; éducateurs ; santé mentale
Effective School Literacy Culture and Learning Outcomes: The Multifaceted Leadership Role of the Principal
Authors: Kierstead Matthew , Georgiou George , Poth Cheryl , Mack Emily
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the multifaceted leadership role an effective principal assumed in the deployment of evidence-based literacy practices in her school. We conducted a mixed methods case study integrating the lived experiences of 11 school staff (principal, learning support teacher, and classroom teachers) with the reading scores of 122 Grade 1 to 3 students in Alberta (Canada). A merged mixed analysis strategy revealed four interdependent influences pointing to key contributions of the principal in igniting awareness, developing expertise, creating momentum, and leveraging data in relation to literacy school practices. Our findings shed light on the complexity inherent in the roles of principals and their interactions with others in developing evidence-based literacy school cultures that improve students’ performance.
Keywords: leadership, mixed methods, principal, reading.
L'objectif de cette étude était d'explorer le rôle de leadeurship à multiples facettes qu'une directrice d'école efficace a assumé dans le déploiement de pratiques de littératie fondées sur des données probantes dans son école. Nous avons mené une étude de cas à méthodes mixtes intégrant les expériences vécues de 11 membres du personnel de l'école (directrice, enseignant de soutien à l'apprentissage et enseignants) et les résultats en lecture de 122 élèves de la première à la troisième année de l'Alberta (Canada). Une stratégie d'analyse mixte fusionnée a révélé quatre influences interdépendantes soulignant les contributions clés de la directrice d'école à la sensibilisation, au développement de l'expertise, à la création d'une dynamique et à l'exploitation des données en relation avec les pratiques scolaires en matière d'alphabétisation. Nos résultats mettent en lumière la complexité inhérente aux rôles des directions d'école et à leurs interactions avec d'autres personnes dans le développement de cultures scolaires fondées sur des données probantes qui améliorent le rendement des élèves.
Mots clés : leadeurship, méthodes mixtes, direction d'école, lecture.
Determinants of capital structure in Nigeria’s quoted consumer goods firms
Authors: YİSAU Nurudeen , OKE Adesoji , ODUKOYA Modinat
Published: January 2024

Although the factors that influence capital structure have been the subject of numerous prior studies, the topic of what determines the best financing combination to maximize a firm's value is still one of the most contentious in corporate finance. Furthermore, a large number of earlier research paid little attention to emerging countries and instead concentrated mostly on developed markets. To fill the gap, this study examined the factors that influence capital structure decisions in quoted Nigerian consumer goods companies that are publicly traded. The study used secondary data from the annual reports of 15 of the mentioned corporations, spanning ten years from 2011 to 2020. The association between the leverage ratio and the five explanatory variables in the model was investigated using the Panel Least Square regression approach. The study's findings showed that while growth is not statistically significant, firm size, non-debt tax shield, and firm growth all positively and significantly affect leverage. Furthermore, tangibility and profitability are negative and have a large impact on leverage. Based on the study's findings, it can be said that the capital structure of listed consumer products companies in Nigeria is significantly influenced by factors such as size, non-debt tax shield, profitability, and tangibility. The study then suggested that financial managers of listed firms in Nigeria should deploy effective measures to boost these important variables to have an optimum financing mix for their firms.
Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomilerde ve Türkiye’de Sistemik Banka Krizleri: Karşılaştırmalı Ekonometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: TUNAY K. Batu
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, sistemik banka krizleri incelenmiş, seçilmiş üst orta gelir grubundaki gelişmekte olan ekonomiler ve Türkiye’de sistemik banka krizleri ekonometrik olarak analiz edilmiştir. 1980-2022 dönemini kapsayan yıllık verilerden oluşan iki örneklem kullanılmıştır. İlk örneklemde, Dünya Bankası sınıflandırmasında üst orta gelir grubunda yer alan ve örneklem döneminde iki veya daha fazla sistemik bankacılık krizi yaşanmış aralarında Türkiye’nin de olduğu yedi ülkenin verileri bulunmaktadır. İkinci örneklemde ise, aynı dönem için sadece Türkiye’ye dair veriler yer almaktadır. İlk örneklemdeki veriler panel probit, ikinci örneklemdeki veriler ise probit yöntemiyle analiz edilerek, sistemik banka krizleri üzerinde kredilerdeki mutlak değişimin, büyüme hızı ve enflasyonun etkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular hem gelişmekte olan ülkelerde hem de Türkiye’de kredilerin GSYİH’ye oranındaki mutlak değişmelerin sistemik banka krizlerini güçlü şekilde açıkladığını, bu ilişkinin Türkiye’de daha güçlü olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, büyüme hızındaki düşüşlerin ve enflasyon oranlarındaki artışların sistemik banka krizi olasılığını güçlendirdiği de belirlenmiştir.
A Review on PREPARATION OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM MATRIX TABLETS
Authors: Chaudhari Roshan M
Published: January 2024

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a sodium [2(2,6 dichloroanilino) phenyl] acetate-based non steroidal anti- inflammatory and analgesic. It has been used to treat osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritisonalong-term, symptomatic basis. The prevention or decrease of negative effects brought on by dosage dumping or excessive plasma drug concentrations. Lower dosage leads to an improvement in patient compliance. Products should be chewed or crushed because doing so can cause toxicity and a loss of the gradual release features of the product. The type of substituents that make up the polymer, such as their molecular structure or level of substitution, determine how quickly HPMC hydrates. DS was weight using a Denver electronic balance (swiss made), and all of the excipients were properly combined to ensure consistent mixing before being sieved using a 60mesh screen. The funnel method was used to calculate the angle of repose. The IP was used to determine the medication content. KEYWORDS- osteoarthritis, gradual, viscosity, demonstrate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ionicstrength.
Design of a Data Driven Model for Automated Fault Detection in HVDC Transmission Systems
Authors: Nayma Rajesh , Gupta Dr. Saurabh , Sharma Dr. Devendra
Published: January 2024

Abstract: With a continuous escalation in demand of power, the Indian Electrical system is in constant demand for long transmission lines to fulfill its requirement due to extremely distributed demand and generation location. Advanced HVDC system is one such possibility that finds its utility, especially during long-distance transmission. Such electrical transmission systems are prone to short circuit faults, which subsequently leads to a large current, which will eventually harm or damage the system’s equipment. Thus, the system requires a quick restoration in order to reestablish power transmission and assure system safety. Hence, the objective of this work is to develop a model, which can precisely assess the location of the fault. The work intends to cultivate a model, which will not only provide accurate results but is also collectively optimal. A Bi-polar transmission line 814 km long and operates at 700 kV, with the ability to transfer 1500 MW of power, developed on PSCAD/EMTDC software based on CIGRÉ benchmark guidelines. The designed model is further simulated for short circuit fault with fault ON resistance of 0.01 Ω and fault OFF resistance of 1.0 x 106 Ω with varying fault location along transmission line at an interval of 1 km. The acquired data collected and processed for feature extraction. Data from both the ends of the transmission line is used for training and testing of deep neural network models. The evaluation of the proposed system has been done based on the mean squared error and accuracy of fault estimation. It is shown that the proposed system outperforms contemporary baseline approaches. Keywords: HVDC, Fault Location, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Mean Squared Error, Accuracy.
Predicting Depression Levels Using Social Media Posts: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Shitole Shreya , Lattoo Shraawani , Chillal Anushka
Published: January 2024

Abstract—Depression, a pervasive mental health condition, often goes undetected due to stigma and limited diagnostic approaches. This survey paper examines the potential of social media as a tool for early detection of depression, leveraging the vast data repository of emotions, behaviours, and textual expressions. Through an exploration of various studies utilising machine learning, natural language processing, and data mining, this paper unveils the promising methodologies for identifying subtle markers indicative of depression. Studies, such as those analysing social media posts and interactions, reveal correlations between problematic social media usage and depression symptoms. However, ethical considerations concerning user consent, privacy, and data reliability persist as crucial challenges. The paper emphasises the necessity of navigating these ethical boundaries while harnessing the potential of social media for early depression detection. Keywords—Depression, social media, Emotions, Posts, Twitter