Arg25Pro polymorphism of TGFβ gene as a factor in differentiated approach to prophylaxis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University» Order of the Red Banner of Labor Medical Institute named after S. I. Georgievsky, Simferopol, Russia, Yatskov I. A. , Beloglazov V. A. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University» Order of the Red Banner of Labor Medical Institute named after S. I. Georgievsky, Simferopol, Russia, Ageeva E. S. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University» Order of the Red Banner of Labor Medical Institute named after S. I. Georgievsky, Simferopol, Russia
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study. study of laboratory parameters, namely the level of TGFβ, inflammation marker (C-reactive protein), intestinal permeability (zonulin), lipopolysaccharide-binding systems (lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), sCD14, bactericidal protein of increased permeability (BPI)), vasoactive molecules (endothelin-1 (EDN1) and angiotensin-2 (ANG2)), as well as glycated hemoglobin and lipid profile parameters, depending on
the variant of the Arg25Pro polymorphism of the TGFβ gene in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Material and methods. The study was conducted on 75 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The level of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ),
inflammation markers, intestinal permeability, lipopolysaccharide-binding systems, vasoactive molecules, glycated hemoglobin and lipid profile parameters
were studied depending on the Arg25Pro polymorphism variant of the TGFβ gene.
Results. The level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in patients with the AA variant of the Arg25Pro gene of TGFβ was significantly lower than in the AP group (p1-3=0.001). The sCD14 and zonulin values were higher in patients with the AA variant compared to the PP group (p1-2=0.027 and p1-2=0.011,
respectively). The level of endothelin-1 was also higher in the group with the AA variant (p1-2=0.01, p1-3=0.012). The total cholesterol level was found to be the highest in the group with the PP variant of the Arg25Pro polymorphism of the TGFβ gene (p1-2=0.048; p2-3=0.042). Comparative analysis showed
a significantly increased LDL level in the PP group compared to the AP variant (p2-3=0.012). The results also confirm the presence of a relationship between
the TGFβ gene polymorphism and the development of endothelial dysfunction and increased intestinal permeability in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Conclusion. The data obtained confirm the effect of the Arg25Pro polymorphism of the TGFβ gene on the protective function of the enterocyte barrier, intestinal permeability and the development of endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes. Timely detection of patients with a risk genotype will
help in the future to begin earlier the prevention of changes in the cardiovascular system, develop and implement more effective preventive technologies to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with type 1 diabetes.