bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness on Islamic Banking: An Investigation on Women Entrepreneurs in Quetta
Authors: Saba Raja  , Jameel Ahmed  , Kaneez Fatima
Published: January 2021

This study creates the profile of women entrepreneurs in Quetta city and examines their awareness level regarding Islamic banking and its products. The study is descriptive in nature and survey questionnaire was used for data collection. The data from 106 women entrepreneurs were collected who are engaged in multiple business activities in Quetta city. From the results it has been found that majority of the women entrepreneurs (i.e., 60%) knew about the term, Islamic banking but the sample size trimmed down as the research questions moved to awareness about Islamic principles, Shariah board, Islamic banking products, Islamic modes of finance and comparison of Islamic banking with conventional banking. It was found that only 10 (out of 106) women entrepreneurs are highly aware about Islamic banking, Islamic principles, Shariah board, Islamic banking products, and Islamic modes of finance. This study suggests that Islamic banks, scholars, and academicians should collaborate to enhance the awareness by arranging awareness campaigns, workshops, seminars, and training sessions on Islamic banking and its products among women entrepreneurs.
FUEL SUBSIDY, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Economics, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Ayadi Folorunso Sunday
Published: January 2021

This study investigates the impact of energy subsidy, energy consumption, urbanization, economic growth, foreign direct investment, and trade openness on carbon dioxide emission and other greenhouse gases in Nigeria. Based on the method of cointegration and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), the study utilized data from 1970 to 2018 for the analysis. The study found fossil fuel consumption, economic growth, trade openness and PMS Price (a proxy for subsidy) as significantly increasing emission (Carbon dioxide) in Nigeria. The implication is that as that as the prices of PMS goes up (due to subsidy reduction), more of fuel is consumed. Our analysis demonstrated that PMS is price inelastic in Nigeria. In addition, subsidy or its removal will have no impact on carbon dioxide emission and other greenhouse gas emission in Nigeria. The study recommends the development of cleaner, renewable fuels and the development of abatement technology so as to mitigate the environmental impacts of growth. In addition, since the reduction in subsidy has no deterrent impact on fossil fuel consumption in Nigeria, then the recent removal of fossil fuel subsidy in Nigeria is a welcome development at least for the environment.
ANALYSIS OF MUSIC TEXT: FELA KUTI’s LADY AND WIZKID’s JAIYE JAIYE
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, Caleb University Lagos, Nigeria, Ademosu Ifedolapo
Published: January 2021

The study investigates music lyrics in the Afro beat[s] genre focused on women. Using the lyrics of two songs connected by influence and textual elements, the researcher analysed Fela Kuti’s Lady and Wizkid’s Jaiye Jaiye. The study found out that the lyrics represent social nomenclatures of the times they were written and utilized repetition and metaphor as major rhetorical devices. While in Fela’s song, the repeated phrases represented the neo-colonialism tendencies and mannerisms of the 70s, the nuances of Wizkid’s song focused on the desire for lavish and affluent lifestyle of young people in the digital age. Additionally, both artistes used words that provoked imagery - Wizkid used slangs of the 21st century, and Fela Kuti simply used extant registers of his age. The study concluded that music reflects specific epochs and contexts of writing. However, further studies should be conducted to deconstruct the intricate shifts in music across times and in relation to social issues or gender. Key words: Music, Critical Discourse, language, imagery, ideologies
COVERAGE OF CONSUMERISM IN THREE SELECTED NIGERIAN MAINSTREAM NEWSPAPERS
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, LagosDepartment of Mass Communication, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Shaibu Hassan Husseini , Onwunali harles Chinedu ,   Department of Mass Communication, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Badeji Aisha Eniola ,   Department of Mass Communication, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos
Published: January 2021

This study examined the coverage of consumerism by three Nigerian mainstreams newspapers-The Nation, Daily Trust and Punch between July 2019 to June 2020. The study adopted content analysis as method of study and Agenda Setting theory as framework. Findings revealed a gap in the coverage of consumerism in the selected newspapers. Findings also show that the stories on consumerism were published mainly in the inside pages and on a dedicated column, which limited their prominence. The study concludes that there are gaps not just in newspaper coverage, but also in newspaper content especially as it relates to prominence given to the reportage of consumerism. Therefore, it is recommended that media should give prominence to consumerism stories so that issues bothering on consumerism can be placed on the front burners of public discourse just as the other stories that are accorded prominence. It is also recommended that print media organizations reevaluate their editorial stance and house style so as to give adequate attention to issues faced by consumers in exchange relationships. Finally, it is recommended that gatekeepers should consider creating a consumer beat in their respective print media organization, as it will ensure the reportage of more activities and foster conversations about the need for consumer protection.
UNDERGRADUATES AND WORKERS’ PERCEPTION OF THE ROLE OF TELEVISION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, McPherson University, Ogun State, Nwaolikpe Onyinyechi Nancy ,   Nigeria
Published: January 2021

his study investigates the role of television in the fight against human trafficking in Lagos State, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to find out the extent at which Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) Lagos and African Independent Television (AIT) air programmes on human trafficking and how often they sensitise the masses on the ills of human trafficking and to determine whether the selected television stations promote human rights for survival, development and protection among the masses. The study utilized elements of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Questionnaire was administered to 360 respondents from Caleb University and key informant interview was also conducted with members of staff of the TV stations. Findings showed that NTA and AIT broadcast programmes on human trafficking in the State. Our study established that respondents are aware of these programmes and consider them as critical to influencing public and policy agenda. The study recommended more creative and massive engagement of the broadcast media in fighting human trafficking in Nigeria. Keywords: Human Trafficking, Human Rights, Perceived Role, Promote, Television Programming
Raport o stanie gminy (powiatu, województwa)
Authors: Dolnicki Bogdan
Published: January 2021

W 2018 r. wprowadzono nową instytucję – raport o stanie gminy, powiatu, województwa. Przedmiotem raportu ma być podsumowanie działalności organu wykonawczego jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Raport stanowi pewnego rodzaju kompendium wiedzy o działaniach podejmowanych przez wójta, burmistrza czy prezydenta, zarząd powiatu bądź zarząd województwa. Dokument ten powinien zawierać ogólne i zwięzłe informacje na temat działalności organu wykonawczego w roku poprzednim, a zwłaszcza w zakresie realizacji polityk, programów i strategii, uchwał organu stanowiącego i budżetu obywatelskiego. Przepisy ustaw samorządowych nie przesądzają jednak, jaki zakres przedmiotowy informacji o działalności organu wykonawczego powinien znaleźć się w raporcie. Regulacja ta budzi szereg kontrowersji i wątpliwości.
Los tributos locales en España
Authors: Carrasco Parrilla Pedro José
Published: January 2021

"Podatki lokalne w Hiszpanii"

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie podatków lokalnych w Hiszpanii w czasie, gdy sytuacja finansowa i kompetencje jednostek samorządu terytorialnego powinny stać się przedmiotem dokładnej analizy. Pod koniec lipca 2017 r. komisja ekspertów powołana do dokonania przeglądu lokalnego systemu finansowania przedstawiła raport, w którym zawarto analizę propozycji reformy systemu finansowania na poziomie lokalnym. W procesie decentralizacji, który miał miejsce po wejściu w życie obecnej Konstytucji w 1978 r., pozycja władz lokalnych została wyraźnie zdegradowana. Jeżeli proponowane reformy ujrzą światło dzienne, w pełni zostanie zagwarantowana i lepiej będzie przestrzegana zasada wystarczalności finansowej, jak równieżwdrożony zostanie lepszy podział zasobów zgodnie z zasadami autonomii, wydajności, sprawiedliwości i współodpowiedzialności fiskalnej. W oczekiwaniu na to autor przedstawia różnego rodzaju podatki obecnie występujące na poziomie lokalnym w Hiszpanii.
Dysfunkcjonalność Krajowej Rady Sądownictwa w polskim systemie ustrojowym po zmia- nach ustawowych
Authors: Grajewski Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

Tematyka glosy jest związana z uchwałą trzech izb Sądu Najwyższego, poświęconą najistotniejszym problemom ustrojowym trzeciej władzy w Polsce w kontekście przeprowadzanych od kilku lat przez ustawodawcę antykonstytucyjnych zmian w przepisach dotyczących sądownictwa. Analizowanym tematem jest problematyka Krajowej Rady Sądownictwa, która zgodnie z Konstytucją, ma być organem stojącym na straży niezależności sądów i niezawisłości sędziów. Autor glosy zdecydowanie aprobuje pogląd Sądu Najwyższego, który dowodzi, że dokonane w ostatnich latach zmiany ustawowe dotyczące trzeciej władzy, w tym zmiany sposobu wyłaniania tzw. sędziowskiej części KRS, są wprost niezgodne z Konstytucją i pozbawiają środowisko sędziowskie wpływu na nominacje w obrębie sądownictwa. Ta sytuacja de facto oznacza nielegalność działania organu, którego skład został ukształtowany wbrew przepisom Konstytucji, co skutkuje systemową wadliwością procedury nominacji sędziowskich.
Formation of Multi-Project Approach to Realization of Target Development Programs of High-Tech Research and Production Systems and Powerful Enterprises
Authors: Redkin Oleksandr , Chaikina Alina
Published: January 2021

Based on the study of the state of Ukrainian enterprises and peculiarities of the world's leading companies growth, the main tasks for improving quality of project and multi-project management of domestic enterprises modernization (improvement) and development of their high-tech production systems were identified. A modern model (standard) of turnkey formation and implementation of innovation and investment mechanism (projects and target programs) of continuous-cyclical process of creating science-intensive competitive products with a high level of added value and systems of its high-tech production at domestic enterprises was proposed by authors. In article was considered world management standards, the latest achievements of advanced science and technology, modern theory of strategic, multi-project, corporate and innovation and production management. The basic procedures and tools for the formation, organization and management of turnkey implementation of unique innovation and investment projects and targeted programs for the development of high-tech research and production systems and powerful enterprises in Ukraine were determined. The key steps and main stages of design and program activities to improve investment, innovation and production and economic mechanisms of the enterprise have been developed. A set of practical measures for effective program-targeted and project management of continuous innovation-economic and high-tech development of domestic products and their producers, covering all phases and stages of the life cycle of relevant programs and projects were proposed. Implementation of the proposed mechanisms and procedures of multi-project management of innovation and economic development will help increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian producers, ensure their faster transition to world standards of management and development, and ultimately – increase the welfare of Ukraine.
Scientific and technological activities of TNC: current trends and prospects
Authors: Bezrukova Nataliia , Svichkar Vitalii , Solohub Ruslan
Published: January 2021

In the article the authors consider the features of scientific and technological activities of transnational corporations, highlight the main trends and prospects for its development. In particular, it is emphasized that the source of modern development of society and human activity is innovation, and accordingly innovation becomes an important tool for all radical changes in human development and the economic system in general. Scientific and technological development of transnational corporations is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring their profitable activities. The purpose of the article is to analyze current trends and prospects for the development of scientific and technological activities of transnational corporations. The article examines the features of the R & D organization in multinational corporations. The dynamics of expenditures in individual leading TNCs on R&D is given. It is noted that the global nature of competition not only makes innovations more significant for TNCs, but also necessitates the search for new ways to innovate. The paper identifies the main types of technological policy, identifies the reasons for the centralization and decentralization of R & D, as well as possible risks that arise in the implementation of these policies. The experience of developed countries shows that competitiveness is ensured by a number of conditions, the main of which are the accumulated scientific and technological potential, institutional factors of technological progress and the presence of large knowledge-intensive corporations. Therefore, the current trend of scientific and technological activities of TNCs is a new wave of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). The authors present the largest mergers and acquisitions at the beginning of the XXI century. In the last two decades, as a result of the growing internationalization of research, the trend of forming strategic alliances has sharply increased, especially due to the merger of companies in such high-tech industries as pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, semiconductors, etc. Special attention is paid to analysis of the reasons for the formation of strategic alliances. It is shown that in some cases competitors become partners in strategic alliances in high-tech industries. In conclusion, it is noted that in conditions of fierce competition in both international and domestic markets, the ability of companies to operate and develop depends on their ability to create and implement innovations. It is innovations that cause continuous economic change, contribute to the dynamic development and increase the efficiency of both the economic system as a whole and individual enterprise. The scientific and technological development of corporations is the main prerequisite for ensuring and increasing their international competitiveness.
Health Threats in the European Region and Their Economic Impact: Lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Letunovska Nataliia , Rosokhata Anna , Liudmyla Saher , Lazorenko Valeriia
Published: January 2021

The article considers various aspects of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic sphere of the countries of the European region. They write about some specific approaches to the government's influence on leveling the negative consequences of the spread of the pandemic within countries. The authors conclude that COVID-19 hurts the level of trust in society and the degree of confidence in consumer sentiment. Simultaneously, unforeseen events such as COVID-19 stimulate the emergence and accelerated introduction of new technologies. It is further generalized that Ukraine must take into account all global trends in the implementation of economic measures, as well as follow the mainstream of technologies that are increasingly widespread in society, in particular the concept of welfare economics.
FOREIGNERS IN MUSCOVY OF THE LATE XV-XVI CENTURIES: PERCEPTION OF DEVELOPMENT AND ARCHITECTURE OF RUSSIAN CITIES
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Chernyy Valentin D.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of foreigners' perception of Russian cities, their development, planning and architecture during the late XV-XVI centuries. The restoration of a single state, called Muscovy in Europe, has attracted the attention of many countries, communities, and individuals seeking to establish profitable political, commercial, and cultural ties with Russia. Russian cities, especially the capital, with unusual layout, buildings and architecture fall into the sphere of attention of foreigners. In their assessments of Russian realities, the authors proceeded from their own ideas and interests that developed in other historical and cultural conditions. For this reason, they often preferred European cities and buildings. As Russia's contacts with foreign countries develop, foreigners' knowledge of Russian cities becomes more accurate.
Una mirada a la evaporación como operación en la industria química
Authors: Ayala Padilla Luis Eduardo , Pabón Beltrán John Antonny , Correa-Mahecha Felipe
Published: January 2021

La evaporación como operación unitaria ha cobrado gran importancia en la industria debido a que puede disminuir los costos del transporte de fluidos sin alterar las propiedades fisicoquímicas de la sustancia. Este artículo hace una revisión bibliográfica acerca de los diferentes tipos de evaporadores de uso común en la industria, así como de los principales factores que han sido estudiados para mejorar su eficiencia. Igualmente, aquí se trata sobre el modelamiento y simulación de estos equipos para realizar procesos de optimización y sobre el uso de nuevas tecnologías para ampliar el campo de aplicación de dicho procedimiento.
IN SILICO STUDY OF CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVES TO INHIBIT THE ACTIONS OF Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Aprilian Saly Amaliacahya , Firdayani Firdayani , Kusumaningrum Susi
Published: January 2021

Studi In Silico Senyawa Turunan Sefalosporin dalam Menghambat Aktivitas Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Infeksi yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri gram-negatif, seperti Pseudomonas aeruginosa telah menyebar luas di seluruh dunia. Hal ini menjadi ancaman terhadap kesehatan masyarakat karena merupakan bakteri yang multi-drug resistance dan sulit diobati. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya pengembangan agen antimikroba untuk mengobati infeksi semakin meningkat dan salah satu yang saat ini banyak dikembangkan adalah senyawa turunan sefalosporin. Penelitian ini melakukan studi mengenai interaksi tiga dimensi (3D) antara antibiotik dari senyawa turunan Sefalosporin dengan penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) pada P. aeruginosa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengklarifikasi bahwa agen antimikroba yang berasal dari senyawa turunan sefalosporin efektif untuk menghambat aktivitas bakteri P. aeruginosa. Struktur PBPs didapatkan dari Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 5DF9). Sketsa struktur turunan sefalosporin digambar menggunakan Marvins Sketch. Kemudian, studi mengenai interaksi antara antibiotik dan PBPs dilakukan menggunakan program Mollegro Virtual Docker 6.0. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu nilai rerank score terendah dari kelima generasi sefalosporin, di antaranya sefalotin (-116.306), sefotetan (-133.605), sefoperazon (-160.805), sefpirom (-144.045), dan seftarolin fosamil (-146.398).
Infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, have been spreading worldwide. It is a threat to public health because of its multi-drug resistance and difficulty to treat. Therefore, the demand for developing antimicrobial agents to treat infections is increasing. One of them that is currently under development is cephalosporin derivative compounds. This research studied the three-dimensional (3D) interaction between antibiotics from cephalosporin derivatives and penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in P. aeruginosa. This study aimed to clarify whether the cephalosporin derivatives were effective in inhibiting the activity of P. aeruginosa. The PBPs structure was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 5DF9). The structural sketch of the cephalosporin derivative was drawn using the Marvins Sketch, whereas the study on the interaction between antibiotics and PBPs was carried out using the Mollegro Virtual Docker 6.0 program. The results showed the lowest rerank score from five cephalosporin derivatives, namely cephalotin (-116,306), cephotetan (-133.605), cephoperazone (-160.805), cephpirome (-144.045), and cephtaroline fosamil (-146.398).
PENGARUH METODE PROSES SINTESIS ANALOG KURKUMIN ASIMETRIS TERHADAP EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTIF MENCIT (Mus musculus L.)
Authors: Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis , Manalu Wasmen
Published: January 2021

Effect of Synthesis Process Method of Asymmetric Curcumin Analog on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Mice (Mus musculus L.)
Asymmetric curcumin analogs (ACA) can be synthesized from cullilawan oil. ACA products can be synthesized using conventional methods and microwaves. Synthesis methods can affect physical properties and pharmacological effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the process method on the hepatoprotective ability of ACA and to determine the effective dose. ACA products were tested in vivo in mice (Mus musculus L.) with CCl4-induced liver damage. The parameters observed were biochemical liver enzymes (AST and ALT) and histological analysis. The results showed that animals treated with ACA-k products had better weight gain, lower AST and ALT levels, and fewer histological signs of liver damage at higher ACA doses than those observed in animals that were untreated or treated with ACA-m products. Thus, asymmetric curcumin analog products that were processed by conventional method were more hepatoprotective.
Keywords: ACA, culilawan oil, hepatoprotection, in vivo, product diversification
ABSTRAK
Analog kurkumin asimetris (AKAS) dapat disintesis dari minyak kulit lawang. Produk AKAS dapat disintesis menggunakan metode konvensional dan microwave. Metode sintesis dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik dan efek farmakologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode proses pada kemampuan hepatoprotektif AKAS dan untuk menentukan dosis efektif. Produk AKAS diuji in vivo pada mencit (Mus musculus L.) dengan kerusakan hati yang diinduksi CCl­4. Parameter yang diamati adalah biokimia enzim hati (AST dan ALT) dan analisis histologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hewan yang diobati dengan produk AKAS-k memiliki kenaikan berat badan yang lebih baik, tingkat AST dan ALT yang lebih rendah, dan lebih sedikit tanda histologis kerusakan hati pada dosis AKAS yang lebih tinggi daripada yang terlihat pada hewan yang tidak diperlakukan atau diobati dengan produk AKAS-m. Dengan demikian, produk analog kurkumin asimetris yang diproses dengan metode konvensional lebih hepatoprotektif.
PARAMENTAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE SAÚDE PARA PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE DE INFECÇÕES PELONOVO CORONAVÍRUS
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Enfermagem. Campinas, SP, Brasil., Batista dos Santos Pedrosa Rafaela , Benato Fusco Suzimar de Fátima ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Enfermagem. Campinas, SP, Brasil., de Souza Oliveira-Kumakura Ana Railka ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Enfermagem. Campinas, SP, Brasil., Cunha Matheus Rodrigues Roberta ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Enfermagem. Campinas, SP, Brasil., Lino Gomes Silva Juliany ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Campinas, SP, Brasil., Melo Lima Maria Helena ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Enfermagem. Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

Objetivo:Discutir sobre os recursos para paramentação do profissional da saúde no Brasil em época de pandemia pela Covid-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa baseado em artigos científicos, diretrizes e organizações nacionais e interna-cionais. Resultados: A seleção dos equipamentos de proteção individual deve levar em consideração a área de trabalho, a função do profissional de saúde e a intensidade de exposição. Cuidados com relação à sequência de colocação e retirada dos equipamentos são fundamentais para evitar a contaminação dos profissionais. Considerações finais:Os equipamentos apresentados e utilizados no cenário internacional não fazem parte da realidade da maioria dos serviços brasileiros, contudo, muitos profissionais da saúde ou instituições de ensino e pesquisas ao redor do Brasil e pessoas comuns estão somando esforços para lutar contra o inimigo invisível e, nesse caso, emergem as tecnologias duras, como as impressoras 3D, para colaborar com a construção de EPI para quem estará na linha de frente da assistência. Isso reflete a importância da troca de informações e resultados no enfrentamento da pandemia.
COVID-19: ASPECTOS NUTRICIONAIS DOS FATORESDE RISCO E POTENCIAL TERAPÊUTICO DENUTRIENTES IMUNOMODULADORES
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Departamento de Nutrição. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Ferreira Gonçalinho Gustavo Henrique , Teixeira Damasceno Nágila Raquel ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Departamento de Nutrição. São Paulo, SP, Brasil,   Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo. Departamento de Nutrição. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

Em dezembro de 2019, o novo coronavírus, chamado de SARS-CoV-2, causou uma série de doenças respiratórias agudas atípicas em Wuhan, província de Hubei, China. A doença causada pelo vírus foi denominada Covid-19. O vírus rapidamente se tornou uma pandemia, onde os números de mortes continuam crescendo, forçando países a manterem distanciamento social e outras medidas restritivas. A falta de terapia voltada para a Covid-19 continua sendo um grande desafio aos profissionais de saúde. O tratamento dos fatores de risco da doença e de suas manifestações graves é, por enquanto, a melhor forma de reduzir a mortalidade. Os principais fatores de risco associados à infecção por SARS-CoV-2 incluem doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, que por sua vez têm a nutrição como fator modificável. Considerando a íntima relação entre diversos nutrientes e as respostas imuno-lógica e inflamatória, as deficiências nutricionais, prevalentes especialmente em pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, possivelmente favorecem as manifestações graves da Covid-19. Portanto, o manejo nutricional de fatores de risco como obesidade, dislipidemias, diabetes e hipertensão isoladamente ou combinada à avaliação de deficiências nutricionais em pacientes infectados e sua correção por meio de suplementação pode reduzir o tempo de internação, tempo de ventilação mecânica, risco de infecções secundárias e mortalidade. Nesta revisão, serão analisados o efeito da nutrição em alguns fatores de risco metabólicos (obesidade, hipertensão e dislipidemias) e o potencial terapêutico de nutrientes imunomoduladores (vitaminas A, D, E, C, zinco e ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-3) visando à prevenção de complicações pela Covid-19
Subjective Observations on the Teaching of Italian Grammar
Authors: Scheitza Jan , Visser Judith
Published: January 2021

In the teaching of Italian in Germany, grammar is nowadays considered as a tool that serves language acquisition, but that is subordinated to the communicative goals of the language lessons. Teachers have to take these as a starting point for their didactic decisions. However, decision procedures do not only depend on educational policy or scientific findings, but also on individual hypotheses of various types. Based on 31 interviews of (future) teachers of Italian (2016-17), the present study aims at analysing (future) teachers’ decision making considering the teaching of grammar. The results show that a dialect and migrant background can play a significant role for didactic decisions.
En el fulgor del caldén. Las figuras del desierto en El país del diablo de Perla Suez
Authors: Barchiesi Maria Amalia
Published: January 2021

This study analyses from a semiotic perspective Perla Suez novel El país del diablo (2015). It focuses on the narrative and descriptive process which are at the heart of the inversion the text carries out in a specific intertextual relation with the discursive devices of the official story known as the ‘Conquista del Desierto’. This was a military campaign which took place between 1878 and 1885 to take control of vast areas of the Pampas and Argentinian Patagonia from the indigenous populations. It also analyses textual devices that support a perspective shift resulting in a mythical, ecological and animistic vision of the Mapuche tribes.
Ambivalenzen des Fremden
Authors: Rohr Elisabeth
Published: January 2021

In dem Beitrag geht es darum, eklatante Ambivalenzen im Umgang mit Fremden und in diesem Fall, auch mit Flüchtlingen, einem sozialpsychologischen Verstehen zu erschließen. Rekurriert wird dabei sowohl auf konkrete Daten zu fremdenfeindlicher Gewalt, wie auch auf die relativ weit verbreiteten Bemühungen, eine Willkommenskultur für Fremde und Flüchtlinge in Deutschland zu etablieren. Neben individualpsychologischen Ansätzen zur Genese von Fremdenfeindlichkeit, wird vor allem die Ethnopsychoanalyse herangezogen, um unbewußte Dimensionen in der Auseinandersetzung mit Fremdem aufzudecken und zu entschlüsseln. Eine besondere Rolle spielen hierbei die psychoanalytischen Konzepte der Regression und der coenästhetischen Rezeptionsbereitschaft. Abschließend werden vier Kriterien benannt, die allem therapeutischen und supervisorischen Handeln im Umgang mit Flüchtlingen zugrunde liegen sollten.
Embodiment – Verkörperung, Gefühl und Leibgedächtnis
Authors: Fuchs Thomas
Published: January 2021

Seit etwa zwei Jahrzehnten gewinnt das Paradigma des »Embodiment« oder der Verkörperung in Philosophie, Sozialund Kognitionswissenschaften zunehmend an Bedeutung. Anstelle des Dualismus von »Mentalem« und »Physischem« begreift dieses Paradigma bewußtes Erleben als eine Funktion des Lebens, das heißt als eine Tätigkeit des gesamten Organismus in seinen Beziehungen zur Umwelt. Das Gehirn erscheint dann in erster Linie als Vermittlungsoder »Beziehungsorgan« für Lebensprozesse, die Organismus und Umwelt übergreifen. Diese Konzeption gilt insbesondere für die Gefühle, die sich als verkörperte Wahrnehmungen von affektiv bedeutsamen Situationen auffassen lassen. Dazu wird das Konzept eines »Gefühlskreises« von Affektion und Emotion vorgestellt und anschließend auf die Zwischenleiblichkeit bzw. Interaffektivität übertragen. Organismus-Umwelt-Interaktionen schlagen sich zudem in einem verkörperten oder »Leibgedächtnis« nieder, das in allen habituellen Lebensvollzügen wirksam ist und enge Beziehungen zum Begriff des Unbewußten hat. Der Artikel gibt somit einen Überblick über das Verkörperungskonzept in seiner Bedeutung für Subjektivität und Intersubjektivität, insbesondere für die Leiblichkeit der Gefühle und des Gedächtnisses.
Erklärungsversuche zum »Behagen am Kulturbruch«
Authors: Richter Matthias
Published: January 2021

Warum äußern sich aktuell in der Öffentlichkeit längst überwunden geglaubte Ressentiments, kaum verblümte Egoismen, undifferenzierte Provokationen und der Ausverkauf von Werten? In der vorherigen Ausgabe haben Becker und Däuker diese Entwicklung anhand von psychologischen Mechanismen und politisch-gesellschaftlichen Umständen erklärt. In diesem Betrag soll nun der Focus auf die konkreten zwischenmenschlichen Verhältnisse gelenkt werden. Die These lautet, daß Menschen heute in Bildungseinrichtungen und in der Politik, vor allem aber in den alltäglichen zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen kaum noch echte Werte erfahren können. Der Grund dafür ist vor allem in der Ökonomisierung unserer zwischenmenschlichen Praxis zu sehen, die mit einem zutiefst zynischen Verhältnis zu Werten einhergeht. Der Kulturbruch findet also nicht erst in der AfD statt, sondern in unser aller zwischenmenschlichen Praxis. Wollen wir das ändern, bedarf es der Gestaltung eines öffentlichen Lebens von der Basis aus – einer kulturellen ›Bewegung‹, in der humane Werte tatsächlich gelebt werden. Politikund Wissenschaftsbetrieb werden uns das nicht abnehmen.
Chronik des Scheiterns einer Utopie – Anmerkungen zu Thomas Vinterbergs Die Kommune
Authors: Tilch-Bauschke Edeltraud
Published: January 2021

Das Ehepaar Anna und Erik beziehen Ende der 1970er Jahre mit ihrer Tochter Freya die alte aber große Villa, die Eriks Vater ihnen hinterlassen hat. Der Architekturdozent und die Fernsehsprecherin entscheiden sich auf Annas Drängen hin für die Gründung einer Kommune. Anna genießt die Abwechslung des Kommunenlebens, während sich Erik zunehmend von ihr entfernt. Die gute Stimmung kippt, als sich Erik in eine seiner Studentinnen verliebt. Anna möchte die schwierige Situation unter Kontrolle behalten und lädt die junge Emma zum Einzug in die Kommune ein. Unerwartet zerbricht Anna jedoch an dem augenscheinlichen Ende ihrer Ehe. Vor den Augen ihrer Tochter und den Bewohnern wird sie immer depressiver und beginnt, übermäßig viel Alkohol zu trinken. Schließlich verliert sie deshalb auch ihre Anstellung beim Fernsehen. Annes einziger Halt ist die 14-jährige Freya, die zur gleichen Zeit die erste Liebe zu einem älteren Mitschüler entdeckt. Als sich die Situation immer mehr zuspitzt und sich die Bewohner bei einer Hausversammlung nicht einigen können, wer von den beiden ausziehen soll, wird deren Tochter aufgefordert darüber zu entscheiden. Freya entscheidet sich unter Tränen für den Auszug ihrer Mutter, da sie deutlicher als alle anderen sieht, wie sehr Anna unter der Situation leidet und daran zu Grunde zu gehen droht.
Ein psychoanalytischer Blick auf die Flüchtlingskrise und den Brexit als Ausdrucksformen der politischen Utopie »Europa«
Authors: Vogt Rolf
Published: January 2021

Als am 5. September 2015 Tausende von syrischen Flüchtlingen sich der deutschen Grenze näherten, beschloss die deutsche Bundeskanzlerin, die Grenze für alle Flüchtlinge zu öffnen, da eine Grenzschließung nur mit Gewalt (Wasserwerfer, Reizgas, Schlagstöcke) durchzuführen gewesen wäre. Diese Gewaltmaßnahmen hätten sich gegen übermüdete Männer, Frauen und Kinder gewendet. Das hätte eine humanitäre und politische Katastrophe bedeutet, die den Deutschen weder die Europäer noch die Weltöffentlichkeit verziehen hätte. Das bedeutete eine unbewußte Aufladung der Flüchtlingssituation mit einer nationalsozialistischen Thematik: wieder die Deutschen als unmenschliche Täter. Wegen dieser Phantasie entstand bei der Kanzlerin und vielen Deutschen, die bei der Versorgung der Flüchtlinge halfen, eine unbewußte Gegendynamik. Diese nimmt mit der unbewußten Gleichsetzung der Flüchtlinge mit den Juden die Bedeutung einer unbewußten von Schuldgefühlen begleiteten Wiedergutmachung an. Damit entstand die Gefahr, daß Deutschland sich mehr zumutet, als es ertragen kann.
»Die Wolken von Sils Maria«
Authors: West-Leuer Beate , Felbeck Friederike
Published: January 2021

Olivier Assayas Spielfilm »Die Wolken von Sils Maria« (2014) inszeniert die Konfrontation einer Schauspielerin – jenseits der Vierzig – mit sich selbst. Die Handlung ist auf wenige Monate komprimiert und fast kammerspielartig verdichtet. Der Hauptschauplatz ist Sils Maria, vielfach bekannt als ein Ort, an dem man oder frau dem anderen Selbst begegnen kann, dem Schatten, den es zu unterdrücken gilt, weil er fremd und gefährlich erscheint.
Wie viel Body überträgt sich via Internet?
Authors: Leikert Sebastian
Published: January 2021

Die Diskussion um die Teleanalyse erfolgt entlang dreier Argumentationslinien. Neben der fehlenden Möglichkeit zur Garantie der Diskretion und der Kontrolle des äußeren Settings wird das Fehlen der sinnlichen Verbindung zwischen Analytiker oder Analytikerin und Analysand ins Feld geführt. Vor allem mit dem letzten Argument beschäftigt sich der Autor. Es wird argumentiert, dass die leiblichen Vorgänge innerhalb des klassischen Settings noch nicht gut untersucht sind und eine spezifische Behandlungstechnik, die auf leibliche Prozessanteile zugeht, noch fehlt. Es wird, ausgehend von Freuds Arbeit Hemmung, Symptom und Angst (1926d), der Vorschlag gemacht, neben den verbalen und bildlichen Repräsentationssystemen ein drittes System, das Körperselbst, zu beschreiben. Dieses leibliche System verfügt über eine eigene Abwehrstruktur. Anhand eines klinischen Beispiels wird eine spezifische Behandlungstechnik vorgestellt. Es wird argumentiert, dass auch in der Teleanalyse auf dem Weg des Stimmklangs sinnliche Elemente übertragen werden und eine leibliche Resonanz bei der Analytikerin oder dem Analytiker auslösen. Sicherlich begünstigt die Teleanalyse die Zwischenleiblichkeit nicht, dieser Mangel ist aber umso besser auszugleichen, je spezifischer Theorie und Behandlungstechnik auf sinnliche Prozesse eingestellt werden können.
Der jüdische Psychoanalytiker und Emigrant Adolf Josef Storfer unter nationalsozialistischer Beobachtung
Authors: Kaufhold Roland
Published: January 2021

In dieser Studie über den vielseitig begabten Psychoanalytiker, Juristen und Sprachenforscher Adolf Josef Storfer wird dessen Lebensweg als jüdischer Emigrant von Wien nach Shanghai bis zu seinem frühen Tod im Exil in Australien (1944) erinnert. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Beschreibung der von Storfer im Shanghaier Exil herausgegebenen deutschsprachigen Exilzeitschrift Die Gelbe Post. Weiterhin wird in dieser Studie erstmals ein Dokument publiziert, welches belegt, dass der Jude Storfer und dessen psychoanalytischen und kulturellen Studien auch im fernen Shanghai von Nationalsozialisten sorgfältig beobachtet wurden: Ein offenkundig in Shanghai lebender Nationalsozialist empörte sich im Juli 1939 in Julius Streichers vulgär-antisemitischer nationalsozialistischen Hetzzeitung Der Stürmer in einem umfangreichen Zeitungsbeitrag über das ungebrochen produktive psychoanalytische Wirken des Psychoanalytikers und jüdischen Flüchtlings (s.u.). Dieses Blatt vermochten auch Storfers ehemalige, in Österreich und Nazideutschland verbliebene deutsche und österreichische »arische« Kollegen zu lesen. Dennoch: Psychoanalytiker wurden – aller standespolitischen und geschichtsverleugnenden, in vielen Fällen latent antisemitischen psychoanalytischen Geschichtsschreibungen zum Trotz, nur verfolgt und teils ermordet, weil sie Juden – oder weil sie, ganz vereinzelt, zusätzlich im Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus aktiv waren. Sie wurden nicht wegen ihrer psychoanalytischen Schriften verfolgt (vgl. Peglau, 2013; Kessler & Kaufhold, 2015). Die Geschichte der Psychoanalyse ist ohne ein Verständnis des ewigen Antisemitismus nicht schreibbar.
Notion “Mental Content” in the Context of S. Hurley’s Enactivism
Authors: Stanzhevskiy Fedor Alekseevich
Published: January 2021

The research objectives are as follows: to give an idea of Susan Hurley’s philosophy and to check whether the relevant philosophical problem of mental representation and mental content is non-contradictive. The article criticizes the traditional conception of consciousness, in which cognition is considered as an interface between perception and action, without taking into account interrelation of these processes. The problem of mental content is tackled; it is shown that normativity of non-conceptual mental content is weaker in comparison with conceptual one. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher introduces the name of the woman-philosopher S. Hurley, a figure of the English-language cognitive philosophy whose works are little known in Russia, into scientific use. The author clarifies the notion “mental content” and criticizes the modern cognitive theory. The research findings are as follows: correlation of non-conceptual mental content and action intention is revealed, the notion “mental content” is analysed in relation to pre-linguistic consciousness.
American Dream and Superhero’s Image in Comics Culture of the Golden Age
Authors: Gribovskaia Viktoriia Olegovna , Tukhvatullin Rustehm Rasfarovich
Published: January 2021

The paper shows how the American dream concept is represented in a superhero’s image
of the Golden Age of the American comics culture. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that
for the first time in domestic and foreign historical science, the authors analyse interrelation of the Ameri-can dream concept and a superhero’s image in comics culture of the mentioned period. The research fin-dings are as follows: the authors prove that a superhero’s image represents the American national values and components of national identity that are an integral part of the American dream concept.
Evolution of Notions “Volost” and “Ulus” among the Siberian Tatars in the XVI-XVII Centuries
Authors: Tychinskih Zaituna Aptrashitovna
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to reveal the content of the notions “volost” and “ulus” and to identify their place in the Siberian Tatars’ social and political structure in the XVI-XVII centuries. The author introduces new approaches to defining the notions “volost” and “ulus”, analyses changes in the Siberian Tatars’ social structure resulting from integration of the Siberian Khanate into the Russian state, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The following conclusions are justified: the social and political structure of the Siberian Khanate, based on the clan principle, had its own peculiarities associated with the yasak Tatars’ and serving Tatars’ lifestyle, which manifested itself in evolution of the notions “volost” and “ulus” in the “Khanate” and “Russian” periods.
Fire Combat and Bayonet Charge in the System of Infantry Tactics at the Beginning of the XVIII Century
Authors: Kutishchev Alexander Vasilevich
Published: January 2021

The author analyses the European infantry tactics at the turn of the XVII-XVIII centuries paying special attention to the use of firearms and cold weapon. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the military science of that epoch is considered through the lens of confrontation between supporters of the volley firing doctrine and the bayonet doctrine, which largely determined national specifics of some European armies. The conducted research allows concluding that, despite common trends in the West European military theory, the problem of using firearms and cold weapon was approached differently. The Russian military officials had negative perception of the European military science and adhered to the principle that the European military strategies should be introduced only after their approbation in field conditions.
Military Strategy of Y. Pugachev’s Army during Siege of Orenburg
Authors: Sadykov Azamat Kamilevich
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to describe the military strategy of Y. Pugachev’s army during combat operations near Orenburg. The article discusses such issues as efficiency of strategic and tactical decisions, military skills of Pugachev himself and the military potential of his army. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that relying on archival sources, the researcher for the first time analyses the rebellion leaders’ military competence and the rebellious army’s strategies during siege of Orenburg. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies the most obvious mistakes made by the rebellion leaders, reveals objective and subjective causes of the rebellion defeat.
“Duende” Phenomenon in Flamenco Art
Authors: Magon Svetlana Alexandrovna
Published: January 2021

Prevalence of the amateur approach, tendency for commercialization and expansion of the flamenco genre in the XXI century have resulted in misunderstanding of such issues as: what musical genres are characterized by the duende phenomenon, to what type of art it belongs to, what are prerequisites for its origin. The article systematizes diverse approaches to the duende phenomenon and tries to answer the question whether it is essential for modern flamenco. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that relying on foreign anthropological studies and cognitive methods, the researcher reveals diverse approaches to the duende phenomenon. The findings are as follows: the author proves that modern understanding of the duende phenomenon differs cardinally from its traditional understanding and is largely inspired by Garcia Lorca’s essay “Juego y teoría del duende”.
Ontological Dialogue as Synergetic Model of Musical Dramaturgy Arrangement (by the Material of L. Dychko’s “Triumphant Liturgy”)
Authors: Kuznetsova Alina Vladimirovna , Kurganskaya Olga Alexandrovna , Romenskaya Ludmila Anatolievna
Published: January 2021

The article analyses L. Dychko’s “Triumphant Liturgy”, a symbolic composition of the early ХХІ century, through the lens of the “ontological dialogue” category, one of the key categories of musical analysis. Ontology of music reveals spiritual essence of a musical composition taking into account its genre specificity (secular or liturgical music). The authors propose a model of musical composition in which ontological parameters system integrates hierarchical elements through interaction of the human’s image and worldview, elements of musical language and spatial-temporal arrangement. Choice of L. Dychko’s composition is conditioned by the fact that it presents synthesis of ontological systems on the basis of synergy. The research findings are as follows: introduction of the “ontological dialogue” category allows interpreting musical composition dramaturgy as a spiritual vertical integrating different genres and styles. The synergetic type of musical dramaturgy arrangement is determined by specificity of liturgy as an archetype of the Christian culture.
Viktor Lazarev and the Soviet Art-Critical Tradition
Authors: Rykov Anatolii Vladimirovich
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to identify sources and parameters of culturological conception of the famous Soviet art critic Viktor Nikitich Lazarev (1897-1976). Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that V. N. Lazarev’s research works are for the first time considered through the lens of modern cultural studies and related sciences studying interaction of scientific, culturological and ideological discourses. The conducted research allows concluding that V. N. Lazarev’s texts contain meaningful levels, sufficiently autonomous and possessing their own discursive logic.
Modern Materialistic Theories of the Subject - between Louis Althusser and Jacques Lacan
Authors: Livadnov Georgii Sergeevich
Published: January 2021

Basing on an analysis of L. Althusser’s and J. Lacan’s theoretical heritage, the study aims to identify the main approaches to the issue of subjectivity on the philosophical scene of the middle of the XX - early XXI century. The article contrasts two ethical models of understanding the subject: Althusser’s “ethics of alienation” and Lacan’s “ethics of separation”. The first model represents a scientific field outlined by Marxist socio-political studies (Louis Althusser’s “theoretical anti-humanism”), while the second one represents a field of psychoanalytical knowledge (Jacques Lacan’s rethinking of Sigmund Freud’s theory foundations). Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that both the models are being analysed in reliance on the following criterion: the ethical position that the subject itself takes in them. As a result, it is revealed which of the two models presents itself as the most operational within the framework of modern philosophy.