bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Deranged Glucose Metabolism and Diabetes in the Pathogenesis
and Prognosis of the Novel SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Ukwenya Victor O. , Adelakun Sunday A. , Fuwape Temiloluwa A. , Adeagbo Ayotunde S.
Published: August 2021

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), declared a global pandemic
by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, and has constituted one of the most
serious health challenges of the century, globally. The causative organism was initially named the
2019 novel coronavirus (2019 n CoV) but has subsequently been renamed Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The pandemic has so far infected several millions and
killed about a million people worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of
morbidity worldwide.

Objectives:

To examine the critical role diabetes plays in the pathogenesis and prognosis of
COVID-19 and to assess the emerging therapies available to fight the pandemic.

Methods:

Authors conducted a systematic review of the literature to examine the role of diabetes
as comorbidity in the pathogenesis and prognosis of COVID-19 by searching PubMed and Science
Direct databases mainly for articles published since the outbreak of the pandemic.

Results:

Both experimental and observational data from early 2020 suggested that most people
with COVID-19 have comorbidities, the most dominant of which are diabetes, cardiovascular disease,
and hypertension. Empirical evidence indicates that diabetic patients infected with the
COVID-19 disease had the worst outcomes concerning morbidity and mortality.

Conclusion:

A combination of underlying chronic conditions such as hypertension, obesity, and
cardiovascular diseases together with altered ACE receptor expression, immune dysregulation via
cytokine storm, alveolar and endothelial dysfunction, increased systemic coagulation may put individuals
with diabetes at risk for COVID-19 severity. More studies are needed to elucidate how glucose-
lowering drugs may modulate the host immune response in diabetic individuals, especially following
the administration of potential COVID-19 vaccines.
Should the Quality of Glycemic Control Guide Dental Implant Therapy in Patients with Diabetes? Focus on Implant Survival
Authors: Aldahlawi Salwa , Nourah Dalia , Andreana Sebastiano
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Optimal glycemic control is crucial to dental implant long-term functional and esthetic success. Despite HbA1c levels of 7% or lower used is as an indicator for good glycemic control, however, this level may not be attainable for all diabetic patients. Most dentists do not consider patients with poor glycemic control candidates for implant therapy due to higher implant failure, infection or other complications.

Aim:

This review challenges the concept of one size fits all and aims to critically appraise the evidence for the success or failure rate of dental implants and peri-implant health outcomes in patients with less than optimal glycemic control.

Discussion:

Evidence suggests that estimating glycemic control from HbA1c measurement alone is misleading. Moreover, elevated preoperative HbA1c was not associated with increased mortality and morbidity after major surgical procedures. Literature for the survival or success of implants in diabetic patients is inconsistent due to a lack of standardized reporting of clinical data collection and outcomes. While a number of studies report that implant treatment in patients with well controlled diabetes has a similar success rate to healthy individuals, other studies suggest that the quality of glycemic control in diabetic patients does not make a difference in the implant failure rate or marginal bone loss. This discrepancy could indicate that risk factors other than hyperglycemia may contribute to the survival of implants in diabetic patients.

Conclusion:

In the era of personalized medicine, the clinician should utilize individualized information and analyze all risk factors to provide the patient with evidence-based treatment options.
Lung Nodule Detectability of Artificial Intelligence-assisted CT Image Reading in Lung Cancer Screening
Authors: Zhang Yaping , Jiang Beibei , Zhang Lu , Greuter Marcel J.W. , de Bock Geertruida H. , Zhang Hao , Xie Xueqian
Published: August 2021

Background:

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based automatic lung nodule detection system improves the detection rate of nodules. It is important to evaluate the clinical value of the AI system by comparing AI-assisted nodule detection with actual radiology reports.

Objective:

To compare the detection rate of lung nodules between the actual radiology reports and AI-assisted reading in lung cancer CT screening.

Methods:

Participants in chest CT screening from November to December 2019 were retrospectively included. In the real-world radiologist observation, 14 residents and 15 radiologists participated in finalizing radiology reports. In AI-assisted reading, one resident and one radiologist reevaluated all subjects with the assistance of an AI system to locate and measure the detected lung nodules. A reading panel determined the type and number of detected lung nodules between these two methods.

Results:

In 860 participants (57±7 years), the reading panel confirmed 250 patients with >1 solid nodule, while radiologists observed 131, lower than 247 by AI-assisted reading (p<0.001). The panel confirmed 111 patients with >1 non-solid nodule, whereas radiologist observation identified 28, lower than 110 by AI-assisted reading (p<0.001). The accuracy and sensitivity of radiologist observation for solid nodules were 86.2% and 52.4%, lower than 99.1% and 98.8% by AI-assisted reading, respectively. These metrics were 90.4% and 25.2% for non-solid nodules, lower than 98.8% and 99.1% by AI-assisted reading, respectively.

Conclusion:

Comparing with the actual radiology reports, AI-assisted reading greatly improves the accuracy and sensitivity of nodule detection in chest CT, which benefits lung nodule detection, especially for non-solid nodules.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-imino-4-thiazolidinones as
Potential Antitumor Agents for Glioblastoma
Authors: Campos José Coan , Campos Patrick Teixeira , Bona Nathalia Pontes , Soares Mayara Sandrielly , Souza Priscila Oliveira , Braganhol Elizandra , Cunico Wilson , Siqueira Geonir Machado
Published: August 2021

Aims:

The purpose of our study was to explore the molecular hybridization between 2-
imino-4-thizolidione and piridinic scaffolds and its potential antitumor activity.

Background:

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive glioma tumor clinically diagnosed malignant and
highly recurrent primary brain tumor type. The standard of treatment for a glioblastoma is surgery,
followed by radiation and chemotherapy using temozolomide. However, the chemoresistance has
become the main barrier to treatment success. 2-imino-4-thiazolidinones are an important class of
heterocyclic compounds that feature anticancer activity; however the antiglioblastoma activity is yet
to be explored.

Objective:

To synthesize and characterize a series of novel 2-imino-4-thiazolidinones and evaluate
their antiglioblastoma activity.

Method:

The 2-imino-4-thiazolidinone (5a-p) was synthesized according to the literature with modifications.
Compounds were identified and characterized using spectroscopic analysis and X-ray
diffraction. The antitumor activity was analyzed by 3-(4,5- dimethyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
(MTT) assay both in primary astrocyte and glioma (C6). Apoptosis and cell cycle phase were
determined by flow cytometry analysis. The expression of caspase-3/7 was measured by luminescence
assay. Oxidative stress parameters as: Determination of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Superoxide
Dismutase (SOD) activity, Catalase (CAT) activity and total sulfhydryl content quantification
were analyzed by colorimetric assays according to literature.

Results:

Among sixteen synthesized compounds, three displayed potent antitumor activities against
tested glioblastoma cell line showed IC50 values well below the standard drug temozolomide. Therefore,
compounds 5a, 5l and 5p were evaluated using cell cycle and death analysis, due to potent toxicity
(2.17±1.17, 6.24±0.59, 2.93±1.12μM, respectively) in C6 cell line. The mechanism of action
studies demonstrated that 5a and 5l induced apoptosis significantly increase the percentage of cells in
Sub-G1 phase in the absence of necrosis. Consistent with these results, caspase-3/7 assay revealed
that 5l presents pro-apoptotic activity due to the significant stimulation of caspases-3/7. Moreover,
5a, 5l and 5p increased antioxidant defense and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Conclusion:

The compounds were synthesized with good yield and three of these presented (5a, 5l
and 5p) good cytotoxicity against C6 cell line. Both affected cell cycle distribution via arresting more
C6 cell line at Sub-G1 phase promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, 5a, 5l and 5p modulated redox status.
These findings suggest that these compounds can be considered as promising lead molecules for
further development of potential antitumor agents.
Design, Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of New Pyrrolo[1,2-A]
Pyrazine Translocator Protein (TSPO) Ligands
Authors: Mokrov Grigory , Pantileev Andry , Yarkova Milada , Gudasheva Tatiana , Seredenin Sergei
Published: August 2021

Background:

Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is a promising target for the creation of
effective and safe neuropsychotropic drugs. The ligands of TSPO exhibit anxiolytic, antidepressant,
neuroprotective and other activities without the side effects of benzodiazepines.

Methods:

New TSPO ligands in the series of N,1-diphenylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carboxamides
derivatives were designed using calculated pharmacophore model and molecular docking analysis.
The synthesis of new compounds was carried out by two schemes using [3+3]-cycloaddition reaction
of 2-azidoacrylic acid derivatives with pyrrolphenylketone as a key stage. The anxiolytic activity of
new substances has been established using open field test with flash.

Results:

Several synthesized N,1-diphenylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carboxamides derivatives significantly
increased the total motor activity of Balb/c mice compared to the control. The structureactivity
relationship was investigated. The most effective compound was found to be GML-11 (Nbenzyl-
N,1-diphenylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carboxamide), which had anxiolytic action in the dose
range from 0.001 to 0.100 mg/kg (Balb/c, i.p.). This compound is two orders of magnitude higher in
dose activity than all other pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine TSPO ligands.

Conclusion:

Molecular modelling methods allowed us to create new TSPO ligands in the series of
N,1-diphenylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carboxamides with high anxiolytic activity.
Dichrostachys cinerea: Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological
Activities - A Review
Authors: Mazimba Ofentse , Kwape Tebogo E. , Gaobotse Goabaone
Published: August 2021

Indigenous and medicinal plants have proven crucial to the health of mankind for a very
long time. Dichrostachys cinerea is a traditional herb used in the treatment of a variety of human
diseases in African and Indian traditional medicine. This paper reviews the ethnomedicinal uses,
phytochemical constituents, pharmacology, and toxicity of D. cinerea, in order to provide scientific
consensus for further research and exploitation of the therapeutic potential of this plant. Information
was accessed by literature searches in different sources including Science Direct, PubMed, and
Google Scholar. The findings of this review paper highlight D. Cinerea as an important component
of African and Indian traditional medicine. D. cinerea is traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatism,
diabetes, coughs, asthma, kidney disorders, gonorrhea, syphilis, malaria, tuberculosis,
epilepsy, snake bites, pains, wounds, boils, burns, toothache, headache, and scabies. D. cinerea displays
diverse phytochemistry, with a wide range of isolated compounds that have well-documented
biological activities. D. cinerea has demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo biological activities. In
vitro, biological activities exhibited include enzyme inhibition, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and antimalarial
activities. In vivo activities demonstrated by D. cinerea include anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal,
anti-analgesic, hepatoprotective, anti-urolithiatic, anti-lice, anti-dandruff, and neuropharmacological
activities. Animal studies have elucidated the non-toxicity of D. cinerea for the
ethanol root extract and methanol and water leaf extracts. It is vital that future studies on D.
cinerea focus on the mechanisms of action behind these biological activities for both the crude extract
and its chemical compounds. These studies could lead to clinical trials to confirm biological
activities found in animal studies. Further studies on multi-target network pharmacology, and
molecular docking technology of D. cinerea sub fractions for enzyme inhibitions and neuropharmacological
activities are of great importance and could accelerate the process of pharmaceutical development
of this plant.
Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Two Reference Points
Decomposition and Historical Information Prediction
Authors: Li Er-chao , Li Kang-wei
Published: August 2021

Aims:

The main goal of this paper is to address the issues of low-quality offspring solutions
generated by traditional evolutionary operators, as well as the evolutionary algorithm's inability to
solve multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) with complicated Pareto fronts (PFs).

Background:

For some complicated multi-objective optimization problems, the effect of the multiobjective
evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) is poor. For specific complicated
problems, there is less research on how to improve the performance of the algorithm by setting and
adjusting the direction vector in the decomposition-based evolutionary algorithm. Considering that in
the existing algorithms, the optimal solutions are selected according to the selection strategy in the
selection stage, without considering whether it could produce the better solutions in the stage of individual
generation to achieve the optimization effect faster. As a result, a multi-objective evolutionary
algorithm based on two reference points decomposition and historical information prediction is proposed.

Objective:

In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed strategy, the F-series test function with
complicated PFs is used as the test function to simulate the proposed strategy.

Method:

Firstly, the evolutionary operator based on historical information prediction (EHIP) is used
to generate better offspring solutions to improve the convergence of the algorithm; secondly, the decomposition
strategy based on ideal point and nadir point is used to select solutions to solve the MOPs
with complicated PFs, and the decomposition method with augmentation term is used to improve the
population diversity when selecting solutions according to the nadir point. Finally, the proposed algorithm
is compared to several popular algorithms by the F-series test function, and the comparison is
made according to the corresponding performance metrics.

Result:

The performance of the algorithm is improved obviously compared with the popular algorithms
after using the EHIP. When the decomposition method with augmentation term is added, the
performance of the proposed algorithm is better than the algorithm with only the EHIP on the whole,
but the overall performance is better than the popular algorithms.

Conclusion :

The experimental results show that the overall performance of the proposed algorithm is superior to the popular algorithms. The EHIP can produce better quality offspring solutions, and the decomposition strategy based on two reference points can well solve the MOPs with complicated PFs. This paper mainly demonstrates the theory without testing the practical problems. The following research mainly focuses on the application of the proposed algorithm to the practical problems such as robot path planning.
Influence of personality, attitude, motivation, and environment on the entrepreneurial spirit of school cooperative teachers in vocational schools in Kulon Progo regency
Authors: Triatun Triatun , Sukidjo Sukidjo
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the influence of personality, attitude, motivation, and environment on the entrepreneurial spirit both partially and simultaneously. The research method uses a survey with 39 teachers of school cooperatives and respondents numbering 33 people. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires supported by observations and interviews on cooperative teachers and related parties: data analysis using descriptive statistics and multiple regressions with t-test and F tests. The results showed that personality, attitude, motivation, and the environment simultaneously and partially influenced positively and significantly the entrepreneurial spirit. The four variables contributed to the entrepreneurial spirit by 80.30%, while factors outside the research influenced 19.70%. The environment is the variable that contributes the most to the entrepreneurial spirit with a percentage of 23.52%, followed by personality by 20.91%, motivation 19.88%, and attitude 15.99%.
Experiences of Using a Self-management Mobile App Among Individuals With Heart Failure: Qualitative Study
Authors: Schmaderer Myra , Miller Jennifer N , Mollard Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

Background

Interventions that focus on the self-management of heart failure are vital to promoting health in patients with heart failure. Mobile health (mHealth) apps are becoming more integrated into practice to promote self-management strategies for chronic diseases, optimize care delivery, and reduce health disparities.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of using a self-management mHealth intervention in individuals with heart failure to inform a future mHealth intervention study.

Methods

This study used a qualitative descriptive design. Participants were enrolled in the intervention groups of a larger parent study using a mobile app related to self-management of heart failure. The purposive, convenient, criterion-based sample for this qualitative analysis comprised 10 patients who responded to phone calls and were willing to be interviewed. Inclusion criteria for the parent study were adults who were hospitalized at Nebraska Medical Center with a primary diagnosis and an episode of acute decompensated heart failure; discharged to home without services such as home health care; had access to a mobile phone; and were able to speak, hear, and understand English.

Results

Study participants were middle-aged (mean age 55.8, SD 12 years; range 36-73 years). They had completed a mean of 13.5 (SD 2.2) years (range 11-17 years) of education. Of the 10 participants, 6 (60%) were male. Half of them (5/10, 50%) were New York Heart Association Classification Class III patients and the other half were Class IV patients. The intervention revealed four self-management themes, including (1) I didn’t realize, and now I know; (2) It feels good to focus on my health; (3) I am the leader of my health care team; and (4) My health is improving.

Conclusions

Participants who used a self-management mHealth app intervention for heart failure reported an overall positive experience. Their statements were organized into four major themes. The education provided during the study increased self-awareness and promoted self-management of their heart failure. The mHealth app supported patient empowerment, resulting in better heart failure management and improved quality of life. Participants advocated for themselves by becoming the leader of their health, especially when communicating with their health care team. Finally, the mHealth app was used by the participants as a self-management tool to assist in symptom management and improve their overall health. Future research should study symptom evaluation, medication tracking, and possibly serve as a health provider communication platform to empower individuals to be leaders in their chronic disease management.
Technology-Supported Guidance Model to Support the Development of Critical Thinking Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Clinical Practice: Protocol of an Exploratory, Flexible Mixed Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Zlamal Jaroslav , Gjevjon Edith Roth , Fossum Mariann , Steindal Simen Alexander , Nes Andréa Aparecida Gonçalves
Published: August 2021

Background

Critical thinking is an essential set of skills in nursing education, and nursing education therefore needs a sharper focus on effective ways to support the development of these skills, especially through the implementation of technological tools in nursing education.

Objective

The aim of this study protocol is to assess the feasibility of a technology-supported guidance model grounded in the metacognition theory for nursing students in clinical practice.

Methods

Both quantitative (research questionnaires) and qualitative (focus group interviews) approaches will be used to collect data for a feasibility study with an exploratory, flexible mixed methods design to test a newly developed intervention in clinical practice.

Results

The intervention development was completed in December 2020. The intervention will be tested in 3 independent nursing homes in Norway.

Conclusions

By determining the feasibility of a technology-supported guidance model for nursing students in clinical practice, the results will provide information on the acceptability of the intervention and the suitability of the outcome measures and data collection strategy. They will also identify the causes of dropout and obstacles to retention and adherence.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/31646
Attitudes of Patients and Health Professionals Regarding Screening Algorithms: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Oxholm Christina , Christensen Anne-Marie Soendergaard , Christiansen Regina , Wiil Uffe Kock , Nielsen Anette Søgaard
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

As a preamble to an attempt to develop a tool that can aid health professionals at hospitals in identifying whether the patient may have an alcohol abuse problem, this study investigates opinions and attitudes among both health professionals and patients about using patient data from electronic health records (EHRs) in an algorithm screening for alcohol problems.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and opinions of patients and health professionals at hospitals regarding the use of previously collected data in developing and implementing an algorithmic helping tool in EHR for screening inexpedient alcohol habits; in addition, the study aims to analyze how patients would feel about asking and being asked about alcohol by staff, based on a notification in the EHR from such a tool.

METHODS

Using semistructured interviews, we interviewed 9 health professionals and 5 patients to explore their opinions and attitudes about an algorithm-based helping tool and about asking and being asked about alcohol usage when being given a reminder from this type of tool. The data were analyzed using an ad hoc method consistent with a close reading and meaning condensing.

RESULTS

The health professionals were both positive and negative about a helping tool grounded in algorithms. They were optimistic about the potential of such a tool to save some time by providing a quick overview if it was easy to use but, on the negative side, noted that this type of helping tool might take away the professionals’ instinct. The patients were overall positive about the helping tool, stating that they would find this tool beneficial for preventive care. Some of the patients expressed concerns that the information provided by the tool could be misused.

CONCLUSIONS

When developing and implementing an algorithmic helping tool, the following aspects should be considered: (1) making the helping tool as transparent in its recommendations as possible, avoiding black boxing, and ensuring room for professional discretion in clinical decision making; and (2) including and taking into account the attitudes and opinions of patients and health professionals in the design and development process of such an algorithmic helping tool.
SMIMO Radar: MIMO Radar with Subarray Elements of Phased-Array Antenna
Authors: Tahcfulloh Syahfrizal
Published: August 2021

Unlike Phased-MIMO Radar (PMIMO) which employs overlapping equal subarrays (OES) only on the transmit (Tx), Subarray-MIMO (SMIMO) radar utilizes the combination of subarrays, both in the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx). SMIMO radar is MIMO radar with subarray elements acting as Phased-Array (PA). It simultaneously combines the primary advantages of PA and the MIMO radar; they are high directional gain and high diversity gain, respectively. High directional gain is beneficial to improve the range target, while high diversity gain is beneficial to improve the number of target detection. The use of the subarray methods in the Tx-Rx array could be configured such as in verlapping subarray (OS), non-overlapping subarray (NOS), equal subarray (ES), unequal subarray (US), and/or the combination of all configurations. Various configurations in Tr-Rx would determine the performance of radar, such as the number of virtual arrays, the maximum number of target detections, the detection accuracies, and the angular resolutions along with its effectivity compared to PA, MIMO, and Phased-MIMO radar. Numerical results and simulation showed that SMIMO provided higher flexibility than other radars by configuring Tx-Rx to easily adapt to various changes of target conditions and their surroundings.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Siswomihardjo Widowati
Published: August 2021

Jurnal Teknosains terbit sebagai salah satu kepedulian dari Sekolah Pascasarjana UniversitasGadjah Mada akan pentingnya media publikasi ilmiah bagi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan.Suatu hasil atau karya ilmiah tidak akan ada manfaatnya bagi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuanapabila tidak dipublikasikan secara luas. Pada penerbitan ini Jurnal Teknosains telah memilihdelapan naskah yang dianggap dapat mewakili pengembangan ilmu-ilmu multidisipliner dengandasar keilmuan bidang teknologi, agronomi, dan kesehatan.Mohon maaf apabila masih banyak kekurangan dalam penerbitan ini. Redaksi akan terusberbenah untuk meningkatkan kualitasnya. Partisipasi rekan-rekan sangat diharapkan untukdapat berbagi pengetahuan dengan mengirimkan naskah ilmiahnya pada Jurnal Teknosains.Teriring ucapan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah meluangkan waktu, tenaga, danilmu pengetahuan serta wawasan akademik.
Algoritmos y Derechos Humanos
Authors: Miranda Bonilla Haideer
Published: August 2021

El artículo plantea un análisis, sobre el impacto del desarrollo de la tecnología en relación a la inteligencia artificial, y la forma en que esta tiene relación con los derechos humanos, sobretodo en como los denominados algoritmos, han permeado de manera especial en derechos inherentes a la persona como el derecho a la intimidad, y la forma en la que a través de los algoritmos se logra el acceso a información sensible, exponiendo mediante algunos cases law, que cuentan con resolución por parte de los órganos judiciales y que en un ejercicio de derecho comparado, se logra evidenciar la problemática y los retos a los que se enfrenta el constitucionalismo en la actualidad.
Igualdad y responsabilidad. Hacia la profesionalización del servicio púbico en México
Authors: Rastrollo Suárez Juan José
Published: August 2021

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos, de forma breve, poner de manifiesto la vinculación originaria entre el ideario liberal subyacente a las distintas constituciones mexicanas y una prístina idea de profesionalización del servicio público, basada esencialmente en la igualdad ante la ley y en la responsabilidad. Asimismo, pretendemos analizar someramente la evolución de la profesionalización del servicio público federal centralizado en México desde la promulgación de la Ley del Servicio Profesional de Carrera de la Administración Pública Federal hasta nuestros días y el estado actual de la cuestión, señalando algunas posibles carencias y reformas para su mejora
Cambios y estrategias de la educación médica en respuesta a la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Manrique-Gutiérrez Gabriel , Motte-García Emilio , Sánchez Mendiola Melchor , Gutiérrez-Cirlos Carlos
Published: August 2021

La contingencia sanitaria por COVID-19 provocó un distanciamiento social que alteró drásticamente la manera en que se llevan a cabo las actividades cotidianas, entre ellas la educación. Los estudiantes pasaron de tomar sus estudios de un formato presencial a uno completamente virtual, lo que generó preocupación por parte de autoridades, profesores y alumnos para alcanzar las habilidades teóricas y prácticas que implica la enseñanza médica. En consecuencia, el surgimiento y aplicación de diversas plataformas, programas y tecnologías digitales en el plan curricular de medicina ha representado la forma más conveniente de preparar a los futuros médicos.

Con la finalidad de describir los cambios y estrategias en la educación médica de pregrado y posgrado durante la pandemia, se realizó una revisión sistemática en la que se incluyeron 205 artículos. Se describe la puesta en práctica de plataformas de videoconferencia y aulas virtuales que de forma sincrónica y asincrónica abarcan los conocimientos teóricos, programas 3D y simuladores virtuales para poner en práctica habilidades clínicas, ya que, por la cancelación de rotaciones hospitalarias y disminución de procedimientos electivos, hay menos práctica clínica. Las actividades clínicas abarcan en su mayoría atención en áreas COVID y unidades de cuidados intensivos, telemedicina, entrenamiento sobre el uso adecuado del equipo de protección personal (EPP) y manejo de pacientes COVID. Finalmente, distintas actividades de investigación se realizan a distancia y los estudiantes tienen acceso a servicios de salud mental.

Por ello, a pesar de que la pandemia ha supuesto un gran reto en el cumplimiento de los programas académicos por la dificultad de reemplazar la experiencia del trato con los pacientes y contar con el acceso adecuado a dispositivos electrónicos con buena conectividad, la adopción de herramientas virtuales ha sostenido a la enseñanza médica y significa un punto de inflexión en la manera que se impartirá la docencia y atención médica en el futuro.
The arrow of time in operational formulations of quantum theory
Authors: Di Biagio Andrea , Donà Pietro , Rovelli Carlo
Published: August 2021

The operational formulations of quantum theory are drastically time oriented. However, to the best of our knowledge, microscopic physics is time-symmetric. We address this tension by showing that the asymmetry of the operational formulations does not reflect a fundamental time-orientation of physics. Instead, it stems from built-in assumptions about the users of the theory. In particular, these formalisms are designed for predicting the future based on information about the past, and the main mathematical objects contain implicit assumption about the past, but not about the future. The main asymmetry in quantum theory is the difference between knowns and unknowns.
Desarrollo y análisis psicométrico de una nueva escala de homofobia interiorizada
Authors: Bonilla-Teoyotl Cristian Iván , Rivera-Aragón Sofía , Díaz-Loving Rolando , Cruz-Sierra Salvador , Barrientos-Delgado Jaime , Robles-Mendoza Alba Luz
Published: August 2021

La homofobia interiorizada se trata de un constructo importante para el desarrollo y la salud física y mental de lesbianas, gays y bisexuales, sin embargo, su operacionalización ha sido constantemente criticada y señalada como complicada, por su contenido, por sus propiedades psicométricas y por la influencia cultural con la que cuentan las escalas. El propósito del presente estudio fue la construcción de una escala de homofobia interiorizada culturalmente relevante para adultos LGB, así como la identificación de sus dimensiones y la evaluación de sus propiedades psicométricas de validez de constructo y confiabilidad. Participaron 782 voluntarios con una edad entre 18 a 52. A través de un análisis factorial exploratorio se obtuvo una escala con 22 ítems distribuidos en cuatro factores, los cuales explicaron el 54.38% de la varianza. Un análisis de consistencia interna mostró un alfa de Cronbach de 0.92. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de diversas teorías y modelos de medida propuestos sobre la homofobia interiorizada. Este estudio respondió a diversas críticas sobre la operacionalización de este constructo, además proporcionó un nuevo instrumento válido y confiable que mantiene y agrega nuevos elementos a este constructo.
Reflexiones sobre la violencia de género durante el confinamiento causado por Covid-19
Authors: Rueda Aguilar Estrella Fátima
Published: August 2021

Durante el periodo de confinamiento en España, de marzo a junio de 2020, las mujeres asesinadas víctimas de la violencia machista fueron ocho, once menos que en el mismo periodo del año anterior. Además, el número de denuncias disminuyo en 10,25% en el primer cuatrimestre y en 14,62% en el segundo cuatrimestre de 2020. No obstante, se confirmó un incremento de un 41,1% en llamadas al 016 desde el 14 de marzo al 31 de mayo. Lo que en principio podía indicar una disminución de la violencia de género, en realidad ponía de manifiesto dificultades de las víctimas para pedir ayuda durante el confinamiento, evidenciado fundamentalmente por el incremento de la utilización de medios silenciosos. El presente estudio realiza una revisión bibliográfica para reflexionar sobre cómo ha afectado la COVID-19 a la violencia de género. La literatura actual revisada indica que las condiciones generadas por el confinamiento fomentan los factores de riesgo para la violencia de género.
Percepción de las fortalezas de los adolescentes durante el confinamiento por COVID-19
Authors: Macías Mozqueda Erika Yadira , Ruvalcaba Romero Norma A. , Orozco Solís Mercedes Gabriela , Bravo-Andrade Hector Ruben
Published: August 2021

El confinamiento por COVID-19 obligó a modificar la forma de interacción de la población en general, por lo que se decide indagar la percepción que tiene un grupo de adolescentes de sus fortalezas externas e internas antes y durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Se aplicó la escala de Fortalezas (Betancourt, Andrade, González, & Sánchez, 2018) a estudiantes de una secundaria pública de tiempo completo en Guadalajara, México. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y prueba t para muestras relacionadas con el SPSS v.25 y se agruparon por sexo. Los resultados indican que, si bien los participantes percibieron un incremento significativo para ambos sexos en el apoyo de la madre, en contraparte la supervisión de la madre disminuyó. En el caso de las mujeres disminuyó la percepción de los hábitos saludables de los amigos. En los varones, se percibió disminución en la responsabilidad, así como un aumento en las habilidades para la toma de decisiones.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE RESISTÊNCIA NO CAMPO EVANGÉLICO: COMENTÁRIO AO ARTIGO DE CHRISTINA VITAL DA CUNHA "IRMÃOS CONTRA O IMPÉRIO: EVANGÉLICOS DE ESQUERDA NAS ELEIÇÕES 2020 NO BRASIL"
Authors: Lacerda Marina Basso
Published: August 2021

O artigo de Vital da Cunham analisa a presença de articulações evangélicas de esquerda, progressistas ou populares nas eleições de 2018. Infere-se do texto que, contra a hegemonia socioeconômica e política excludente, esses religiosos, minoritários – dos candidatos evangélicos identificados pela autora no pleito, apenas 15% se filiavam a partidos de esquerda – também atuam contra o “império” conservador no campo protestante. Se as articulações, de um lado, como demostra a pesquisa, mobilizam a linguagem mais contemporânea no campo reivindicatório, por outro refletem a tradição do movimento ecumênico no Brasil. A reação vinda do campo conservador, por sua vez, usa linguagem que remete ao histórico anticomunista da direita cristã, desde a Guerra Fria. O trabalho de Vital da Cunha é relevante para jogar luz para as estratégias de resistência e enfrentamento desses grupos minoritários no universo protestante, sobretudo pentecostal.
Síndrome da deleção 2q37.3 – A primeira descrição de achados orais, relato de caso
Authors: Pucinelli Carolina Maschietto , Segato Raquel Assed Bezerra , Nelson-Filho Paulo , Da Silva Léa Assed Bezerra , Massoni Vivian Vicentin , Silva Clara Marina Pereira Cavalcanti , De Queiroz Alexandra Mussolino
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The 2q37.3 deletion syndrome is a disorder caused by the microdeletion of a subband on chromosome 2, whose epidemiology is approximately 150 cases worldwide, and the prevalence of 1: 10000. Its characteristics are developmental delay, facial dysmorphia, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and increased risk of congenital diseases. The purpose is to present, for the first time in the literature, the oral and dental clinical findings associated with the syndrome. Case report: The main physical characteristics of the syndrome were identified during the physical examination: thin upper lip, prominent columella, and epicanthic folds. In the intraoral examination, dental characteristics were reported, which may be associated with the syndrome: accumulation of dental calculus, hypomineralization and hypoplasia, crossbite, open bite, agenesis, taurodontism, and dentigerous cyst. The dental treatment consisted of the application of behavior management techniques, hygiene and diet instruction, prophylaxis, supragingival scraping, topical fluoride application, and extraction of the lower second molar. This is the first report of oral characteristics of the 2q37.3 deletion syndrome, giving importance to the characteristics observed in this patient. Such findings will be useful in the characterization of the syndrome, which is extremely rare, and may contribute to the clinical diagnosis of these patients, in addition to subsidizing the dental treatment of other individuals. Conclusion: We present oral clinical findings such as hypomineralization and hypoplasia, crossed and an open bite, agenesis, taurodontism, and dentigerous cyst present in the patient with the syndrome and we suggest that the involved gene or its deletion may be responsible for such findings.
Cistos e tumores odontogênicos: estudo retrospectivo dos casos diagnosticados no período de 10 anos em um hospital no sul do Brasil
Authors: Neumann Bruna Luísa , Thieme Stéfanie , Gabriel Amanda De Farias , Zanella Virgilio Gonzales , Silveira Felipe Martins , Kroef Ricardo Gallicchio , Barra Marinez Bizarro , Martins Marco Antonio Trevizani , Martins Manoela Domingues
Published: August 2021

Introduction: odontogenic lesions (OLs) represent a heterogeneous group of oral and maxillofacial pathologies presenting distinct characteristics. The present study aimed to identify the clinical and pathological characteristics of OLs diagnosed in a southern Brazilian hospital. Materials and methods: a retrospective study was performed to evaluate cases with histopathological diagnosis of OLs identified in the period between 2007 and 2017. The patient's medical records were evaluated in order to obtain the clinical and pathological characteristics and the histopathological diagnosis from each case. Results: a total of 255 cases of OLs were identified. From these, 197 (77%) odontogenic cysts and 58 (23%) odontogenic tumors were surveyed, with only one case (0,39%) of a malignant odontogenic neoplasm. The most prevalent diagnosis were radicular cyst (32.5%) and dentigerous cyst (31.76%), followed by odontogenic keratocyst (10.98%), odontoma (10%) and ameloblastoma (10%). The majority of the cases affected the mandible (53.7%) with a slight preference by female individuals (51%). The mean age was 34±20.53 years old. Discussion: the presented data are in accordance with the literature regarding the rarity of the diagnosis of odontogenic tumors. Conclusion: the present study demonstrated the main clinical and pathological characteristics of OLs diagnosed in a southern Brazilian hospital, contributing to a better understanding of these injuries profiles.
Avaliação dos tratamentos de superfície na resistência de união entre dois pinos de fibra de vidro e uma resina composta
Authors: Barbosa Santos Guimarães Andreza , De Brito Granja Rana , Vivianne Freitas da Silva Emily , Novis Roberta , Léon Blanca Liliana Torres
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different surface treatment methods on glass-fiber posts relative to their bond strength with the composite resin and to evaluate the types of failures that occurred. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six posts from WhitepostDC (FG group) and Exacto Conics (AG group) were used, divided into: Control FG-1 and AG-1 groups – application of silane, according to manufacturers’ specifications; FG-2 and AG-2 groups – conditioning with 10% hydrogen peroxide and silanization; FG-3 and AG-3 groups – aluminum oxide blasting for 10 seconds and silaniza-tion. The composite resin was added in 2-mm increments, each increment was photopolymerized for 40 seconds, until the entire length of the matrix was filled. Then, the assembly (fiber post and composite resin) was sectioned into three portions (cervical, middle and apical) (n = 18). Samples were submitted to the bond strength analysis by a push-out test in a Universal Testing Machine and the failure types were evaluated with a 30 × magnification with an optical micro-scope. Data were submitted to the analysis of variance, the Tukey test, and the chi-square test with a 5% significance level. Results: For AG groups, the treatment with silane (23.10 MPa) resulted in statistically greater bond strength than the treatments with peroxide (17.19 MPa) and blasting (16.28 MPa). It was found that the bond strength was statistically higher in the middle third (21.16 MPa) than in the apical third (12.55 MPa) for the peroxide treatment. The mixed-type failure had the highest prevalence (57.01%). Conclusion: Silane treatment showed statistically greater bond strength values, when the Angelus brand was tested.
Um ano de e-mails não solicitados: o modus operandi de revistas e editoras predatórias
Authors: Sousa Fernanda Santos de Oliveira , Nadanovsky Paulo , Dhyppolito Izabel Monteiro , Santos Ana Paula Pires dos
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To quantify, characterize and analyze e-mail from predatory journals (PJ) received by an academic in dentistry. Materials and methods: E-mails received in 2019 and suspected of being potentially predatory were pre-selected. The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) checklist was applied to identify the suspected biomedical PJ, including the following criteria: article processing charge (APC), fake impact factor, the journal being listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). We also extracted information on the lack of an impact factor on Journal Citations Reports, non-journal affiliated contact e-mail address, flattering language, article and/or personal citation, unsubscribe link, being listed in the National Library of Medicine (NLM) current catalog and indexed on Medline. Results: A total of 2,812 unsolicited suspected e-mails were received, and 1,837 requested some sort of manuscript; among these, 1,751 met some of the OHRI criteria. Less than half (780/1,837, 42%) referred to some area of dentistry. The median APC was US$399. A false impact factor was mentioned in 11% (201/1,837) of the e-mails, and 27% (504/1,837) corresponded to journals currently listed in the NLM catalog. Journals listed in DOAJ and COPE sent 89 e-mails. Conclusions: The email campaign from PJ was high and recurrent. Researchers should be well informed about PJ’ modus operandi to protect their own reputation as authors and that of science.
O corpo e o movimento na formação em pedagogia: o papel das histórias de vida e das memórias corporais como um campo de experimentação e reflexividade
Authors: Souza Ana Paula Abrahamian de
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo trago algumas materialidades vivenciadas por mim como docente de um Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia em uma universidade pública no nordeste do Brasil, para problematizar o silenciamento do corpo e do movimento nos currículos universitários. A minha hipótese é que a universidade brasileira tem formado educadores/as com poucos repertórios para atuação com a linguagem corporal na e para as Infâncias, que tendem a perpetuar discursos cristalizados em modos particulares assentados no racionalismo cartesiano que tomam como premissa o corpo homogêneo, único, docilizado e higienizado. Nos limites deste texto irei partilhar algumas experiências estético-pedagógicas tomando como eixo as memórias e as histórias de vida dos/das discentes, e os possíveis rebatimentos que a reflexão sobre as corporeidades pode trazer à práxis do/a futuro/a professor/a.
Texturas da prática: narrativas de uma pedagoga sobre arte na formação docente
Authors: Ostetto Luciana Esmeralda
Published: August 2021

Como um mapa de saberes-fazeres desenhado com as marcas da memória de uma pedagoga, o artigo fala sobre experiências fertilizadas no encontro da educação com a arte, pelos territórios da docência e da pesquisa. A matéria advinda da rememoração de tempos, espaços, repertórios e práticas que constituem a história de formação e atuação profissional da autora dá a ver concepções e princípios sobre a presença da arte nos cursos de formação de professores, particularmente no curso de Pedagogia. Uma direção assumida no mapa traçado: a necessidade de desenhos curriculares que respeitem e acolham o professor em sua inteireza, que ofereçam espaço para a criação e a narrativa de si.
The poisoning effect of K, Ca and Na on CeZrTiAl catalyst with nanosheet skeleton structure
Authors: Man Qianming , Gong Pijun , Jiang Yifei , Zhang Yulu , Chen Ziqiang , Wei Ting , Zhang Xumao
Published: August 2021

The poisoning effect of KNO3, NaNO3, and Ca(NO3)2 on CeZrTiAl catalyst
for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 was investigated. It
was found that the activity deactivation rate follows K> Na
> Ca. SEM and BET showed that the accumulation of catalysts
was severe after poisoning, and the nanosheet γ-Al2O3 skeleton structure
disappeared due to alkali coating. The decrease of the specific surface
area is accompanied by pore blockage, making the catalyst unable to
expose rich reaction sites. In addition, the fewer surface Ce3+ and
chemisorbed oxygen on the surface of the poisoned catalyst weaken the
cycle between Ce3+ and Ce4+, resulting in bad redox performance. Thus,
the failure to realize the efficient oxidation of NO to NO2. Another
critical reason for catalyst poisoning failure is that the decrease of
surface acid sites seriously affects the adsorption and activation of
NH3 and NOx on the catalyst surface.