Detection the Prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Patients with Pneumonia in Baghdad City
Authors: Al-Hasnawi Eman Abid Fahad 
Published: January 2025

Background: Haemophilus influenzae is appropriate to the family Pasteurellaceae, appeared as gram negative bacteria it is non-spore-forming coccobacilli shaping, and needs particular growth requirements, regularly requiring appended media for isolation. H influenzae type b (Hib) origins a series of proven diseases like pneumonia that principally found within early ages. The most corporate infectious diseases in humans occur at lower respiratory tract infections. Hib pneumonia has fatality proportions cannot be conventional measured, so, to exposure of H. influenzae type b within sputum related with pneumonic patients help for producing evidence in the ability of epidemics, uninterrupted tributary diffusion of infection occurring. Objective: Detection and evaluation of Haemophilus influenzae type b in sputum of patients suffered from pneumonia in Baghdad city. Patients and methods: collected of 80 sputum samples from patients were improved with pneumonia. Methods consist of sputum specimens for Gram stain and culturing for bacterial diagnosis and isolation, sputum are classically cultured proceeding blood agar along with chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar for differentiation as well medium with addition accumulation growth factors containing requirments of “X factor of (hemin) and V factor of (NAD)” as well by biochemical tests. Then for revealing bacterial DNA, with 16S RNA genes, “Real-time PCR” assay was prepared and equipped to identify DNA of H. influenzae within sputum samples. So, bacteial isolates appeared H. influenzae then diagnosed by serotyping type b determination by slide agglutination method. Results: Pneumonia with H. influenzae characters was identified with age group (3-15) years, high revealed with male sex, the age range (16-35) years. Identification of gram-negative coccobacilli in sputum samples as H. influenzae on blood agar, as N= 33, chocolate agar, MacConkey and specific agar and biochemical tests showed results included 43 positive result of H. influenza as showed in figure (2) were mostly with age 36-55 years, highly among males. PCR amplification of P6-16S rRNA PCR positive pneumoniae by H. influenzae improved (n = 43) of patients, then specifically isolated bacteria Haemophilus influenzae type b, based on slide agglutination tests, it was identified 17 (40%) from 43 isolates, with high significant as P-value about 0.005. Conclusion: The Haemophilus influenzae had type b revealed a main corporate origin of pneumonia disease especially within big progenies and adults with pneumonia, it was the most frequent manifestations, and showed important number of type b appearance, improved that Hib aggressively deliberated as a source of progression within pneumonia disease, with capability to approve genetically pure species within diagnosed isolates by identify H. influenzae through PCR within proven samples prepared as required for more accurately diagnosis. But preferably a serotyping process completed for totally H. influenzae isolates, so as to definitely categorize Hib, as well for capsule for strains.