bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Morphometric Study of the Femoral Nerve in the Thigh Region of the Malaysian Cadavers
Authors: Aditya Dr. Shuvagata , Dhamodharan Dr. Jagadeesh , Saxena Dr. Kartik , Radhakrishnan Dr. Arulmoli , Ramli Dr. Elvy Suhana Mohd
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The femoral nerve is one of the vital nerves of the thigh region, which has importance in various fields of clinical areas, as well as in the field of Anatomy and the research areas. Femoral nerve blockade plays an important role in surgical interventions of the anterior thigh. Although the femoral nerve is superficial and easier to identify, a profound knowledge regarding the dimensions of the nerve is inevitable to perform successful surgeries and blockades. Objective: The describing study was an attempt to analyze the different dimensions of the femoral nerve in the thigh region of the Malaysian cadavers with relevant clinical implications, as there is a paucity of these studies involving Malaysian cadavers has been reported. Methods: This study had been conducted with the involvement of 78 adult lower limb specimens (cadaveric and disarticulated) of both genders and different ethnicity. Result: The average length of the femoral nerve from the inguinal ligament (IL) till its division and the width at the IL resembled the previous studies conducted on other geographical locations. The width at the division was similar to that of the IL level. The thickness at the IL was 1.32 ± 0.21 (right) and 1.29 ± 0.17 (left); and at the division was 1.50 ± 0.196 (right) and 1.43 ± 0.16 (left). The circumference of the nerve at the IL was 25.44 ± 1.26 (right) and 25.98 ± 0.89 (left); and that at the division was 25.65 ± 1.32 (right) and 25.66 ± 1.25 (left). Conclusion: The knowledge of the morphometric anatomy of the femoral nerve in the thigh region will not only assist neurologists and future researchers but also facilitate clinicians to prevent misdiagnoses and iatrogenic neurological damage.
Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors on Bond Strength of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Authors: Goodnews Leyira Friday , Kingsley Ugo , Kennedy Charles
Published: July 2024

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is a major factor affecting the durability and strength of reinforced concrete structures. This study investigated the influence of plant-derived corrosion inhibitors, applied as coatings, on the bond strength between reinforcing steel and concrete. Thirty-six 150 mm concrete cubes with 12 mm diameter embedded steel bars were prepared and divided into uncoated, corrosion inhibitor coated, and control groups. The samples were immersed in 5% sodium chloride solution over 360 days to accelerate corrosion. Pull-out testing measured the bond strength and failure load. The corroded samples showed 31-26% lower bond strength and 82-87% higher maximum slip than controls, indicating corrosion damage at the steel-concrete interface. However, inhibitor-coated samples displayed 24-36% higher bond strength and 42-43% lower maximum slip versus corroded samples. Although the coatings did not fully restore original bond strength, this demonstrates their effectiveness at protecting bond properties. Microscopic analysis revealed non-uniform, localized corrosion preferentially initiated at steel defects. Statistical correlations confirmed the direct relationship between steel weight loss and reductions in post-corrosion rebar weight due to material loss. While nominal rebar diameters showed minimal differences between sample types, localized diameter reductions and cross-sectional area increases in corroded samples highlighted discrete corrosion effects. These were mitigated in coated samples. Together with direct weight loss measurements, this proves corrosion occurred in unprotected samples. Overall, the significant recovery of bond strength, slip resistance, diameter, area, and weight in coated samples validates the success of the natural corrosion inhibitors in reducing steel deterioration and interface degradation. The results provide new insights on optimizing inhibitor coatings to maximize corrosion protection for reinforced concrete structures.
Flexural Strength of Reinforced Concrete Structures Exposed to Corrosive Media
Authors: Kingsley Ugo , Ajah Uche Christian , Kennedy Charles
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the effect of corrosion on the flexural behavior and midspan deflection of reinforced concrete beam members. Control, corroded, and resin-coated concrete beam specimens were tested to determine their failure load, midspan deflection, rebar diameter measurements, and mechanical properties. The results showed that corrosion significantly reduced the flexural strength and increased the midspan deflection of beams due to weakening of the reinforcing steel. The average failure load of corroded beams decreased by 25.73% compared to the control beams. Similarly, the average midspan deflection of corroded beams increased by 103.8% over the control beams. Measurements of rebar diameters before and after corrosion revealed reductions of up to 0.87% in corroded samples, substantiating corrosion-induced thinning. Additionally, mechanical properties testing showed decreases in ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and strain ratio while increasing ductility for corroded rebars. Resin coating prevented much of the strength loss and provided protective benefits near that of the control specimens. The relationship between failure load, midspan deflection, diameter measurements, mechanical properties and corrosion damage was investigated through analytical comparisons. Corroded samples consistently demonstrated lower failure loads, higher deflections, reduced diameters and strengths versus controls. Conversely, coated samples performed similarly to controls, validating the coating's effectiveness. This research quantitatively confirms literature reports that corrosion degrades reinforced concrete through weakening of rebar-concrete bond and steel deterioration over time if left unprotected. The findings emphasize the importance of mitigating corrosion to ensure structural integrity, safety and durability of reinforced concrete infrastructure.
Mitigation of Steel Corrosion Threshold Utilizing Plant-Based Green Corrosion Inhibitors through Electrochemical Techniques
Authors: Efeeloo Ndam , Akoba Bright , Kennedy Charles
Published: July 2024

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is a major cause of deterioration in reinforced concrete structures. The corrosion process is influenced by the concrete-steel interface, with the alkaline concrete pore solution initially providing passivation. However, ingress of aggressive substances like chlorides can disrupt the passive layer, initiating active pitting corrosion above a threshold level often taken as 0.4% chloride by cement weight. Once the chloride threshold is exceeded, corrosion propagation depends on oxygen and moisture availability. The resulting rust formation causes expansive cracking and spalling of the concrete cover. Corrosion damage can be mitigated through use of inhibitors like calcium nitrite though high dosages impair concrete strength. Recently, plant-based organic compounds have shown promise as green corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion behavior of steel in concrete can be evaluated through impressed accelerated corrosion testing along with electrochemical techniques like half-cell potential mapping and resistivity measurements. These allow assessment of the probability of corrosion and corrosion rate. Techniques like linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can also quantify instantaneous corrosion rate. Proper structural condition assessment and repair using both conventional and green inhibitors is crucial to control steel corrosion, maintain service life and ensure safety. Further research is needed on green corrosion mitigation methods and advanced non-destructive testing techniques.
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Authors: Kadhum Ali Abd
Published: July 2024

Background: The conjunctivitis, known generally as pink eyes, is the inflammation of the inner eyelids, as well as the entire surface of the eye´s outermost part, which makes it get a reddish-pink look. The symptoms may involve pain, burning and itching, most often when an allergic cause is implicated. Method: The present work considered 306 scenarios of human blepharitis, cultured swabs were plated on MacConkey agar and Blood agar used streak technique and incubated at 37°C in a 24-hour experiment. Bacterial isolates were pointed based on their appearance, gram-staining, direct microscopy and biochemical tests comprising of catalase, oxidase, mannitol fermentation and hemolysis. Enterosystem 18 R system and the Vitek-2 compact system were used for the confirmation of bacterial species. Microplate method was used to test for biofilm formation of the bacterial isolates. Results: Antibiotic resistance test of isolates, however, reflected relatively high resistance among them, with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Klebsiellapneumoniae all being 100% resistant to amoxicillin. Klebsiella pneumonia and E. coli isolates showed a 90% resistance to moxifloxacin, and to ciprofloxacin by Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibited significant biofilm production, whereas the other isolated species showed lower biofilm-forming tendencies.
AI-Powered Decision Support Systems for Sustainable Agriculture using AI-Chatbot Solution
Authors: Asolo Emmanuel , Gil-Ozoudeh Ifechukwu , Ejimuda Chibundom
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces an innovative method for sustainable agriculture whereby an AI-powered decision support system (DSS) is developed that makes use of an AI chatbot solution. Using machine learning algorithms and data analytics, such as the ones that support the AI-DSS allows for real-time insights and advice or suggestions to be given out on best farming methods, and crop management among other things. Farmers can talk about the system's comfortability and take advice that is personalized with the AI chatbot interface. The project seeks to boost agricultural productivity, cut down environmental negative influences, and advocate sustainable methods of farming. This study intends to link AI technology with farming, to make our future world more sustainable and food secure.
Breaking Silo Thinking within the South African Water-Energy-Food Nexus via Systems Thinking and Simulation Workshops
Authors: Mathetsa Steven , Du Plooy Corne , Tayob Khabeer
Published: July 2024

Despite their inextricable interlinkage commonly known as Water-Energy-Food nexus, the current disconnect in policy development and management of the water, energy, and food resources threatens their security of supply. The security of these basic human needs is aggravated by the cross-cutting role of climate change which impacts their availability.  These apprehensions suggest that contemporary methods are required to improve and enhance integrated approaches and systems in the management of the food, water, and energy sectors within the discourse of climate change. This study applied Systems Thinking methodologies to foster collaboration amongst key stakeholders within Eskom, electricity generating sector in South Africa. This was done through several simulation workshops held amongst these value chain sectors. The workshops have demonstrated the ability of these systems to enable stakeholders to apply the “nexus thinking” approach in managing the sectors of water, food, energy, and climate change within the power utility. The study concluded by recommending application of this simulation within the policy development and other key sectors to enable a broader application of nexus thinking.
Integration of Wind Power for Sustainable Energy at Lagos State University of Science and Technology: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Oyim Akachukwu , Akerekan Opeyemi , Ogbonna Nwachukwu
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the feasibility of integrating wind power generation at Lagos State University of Science and Technology, specifically within the Mechanical Engineering Department, to address persistent electricity supply challenges in Nigeria. The research focuses on the application of a five-bladed horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and emphasizes the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions due to the depletion of conventional sources and the environmental impact of fossil-fuel-powered generators. The methodology involves mathematical modelling to analyze wind shear exponent, Weibull distribution, maximum power available, and capacity factor. Utilizing the FZ-3000 five-bladed HAWT, data is collected using a wireless wind anemometer.
The results reveal a calculated wind shear exponent aligned with terrain characteristics, emphasizing the impact of obstructions on wind speed. Analysis of average wind speed throughout the day demonstrates the potential for continuous power generation at the Mechanical Engineering Department of the Lagos State University of Science and Technology. Examination of wind speed at different heights underscores the significance of elevated turbine towers for capturing higher wind speeds and optimizing power output in the specific context of Lagos State University of Science and Technology. The calculated capacity factor of 44.17% suggests the viability of large wind turbine installations within the Mechanical Engineering Department, with room for improvement through routine maintenance.
This research contributes valuable insights into harnessing wind power at Lagos State University of Science and Technology, particularly within the Mechanical Engineering Department, addressing technical and environmental challenges for sustainable energy development.
Thermal Stability, Transparency, and Water Sensitivity Properties of Bleached, Cross-Linked Cassava Starch Film
Authors: Jiya Jonathan Yisa , Mu'azu Abubakar  , Adekunle Joseph Isaac , C. Egwim Evans , Obanimomo KT
Published: July 2024

This work investigated a novel study of the effect of bleaching and cross-linking cassava starch film. Native cassava starch was bleached with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), cross-linking was carried out with oxidized sucrose while glycerol was added to enhance the plasticity of the film. Operating temperature and time of 90 oC and 10 Minutes respectively with and addition of 0.5 ml of glycerol gave the best bleached, cross-linked cassava starch film. UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis revealed that the cassava starch film produced at the above reaction conditions retained 88.2 % of its transparency at 96 hours water immersion. The water solubility test shows that the film experienced 52.02 % weight loss after 96 hours immersion in water. The thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) shows a significant improvement on the thermal stability with Temperature peak (Tp) of 420.75 oC, compared to 374.13 oC Tp of the control sample (unbleached, uncross-linked) of the cassava starch film.
PRINCIPLES OF CREATION OF DISCRETE TREAD COATINGS FOR HEAT EXCHANGE SURFACES
Authors: Dement'ev Anatoliy , Podoplelov Evgeniy , Petrushin Georgi
Published: July 2024

The paper proposes the principles of creating discrete tread coatings for heat exchange surfaces. Protective metallized coatings allow you to protect heat exchange equipment from corrosion and in-crease its service life
APPLICATION OF TOPOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY AREAS OF CONCENTRATION OF ROAD ACCIDENTS
Authors: Gantimurova Julia
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the features of using topographic analysis to identify areas of concentration of road accidents. A topographical analysis of road accidents in the Angarsk urban district for 2021-2023 is provided, and problems affecting the occurrence of accidents are considered
PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTING FREIGHT CONSOLIDATED DELIVERY IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Lebedeva Ol'ga
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to freight transportation and consolidated supply systems, which at this stage represents a promising way to achieve sustainable development, since the introduction of such tech-nologies can reduce the negative impact on the environment. Multimodal cargo centers meet the chal-lenge of consolidated deliveries, which reduces the number of flights. It is also recommended that the transport process be coordinated with all project participants
MEASURES TO REDUCE THE RISK WHEN PERFORMING CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION WORK AT HEIGHT
Authors: Ignateva Ekatirina , Malyshkina Natal'ya
Published: July 2024

The existing measures to prepare employees for work at height are presented. The ways and means to prepare employees for work at height have been studied
RESEARCH OF TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOAD MOMENT DURING TESTING ELECTRIC MACHINES
Authors: Arsent'ev Oleg , Goncharenko Alena , Shaura Maxim , Goncharenko Roman , Ivanov Ivan
Published: July 2024

The main methods of testing electrical machines are considered. It has been determined that the tradi-tional method of implementing the load moment has significant limitations. It is proposed to use an electromagnetic brake based on a hysteresis machine. This method of organizing the load torque is universal and can be used to test machines of different power and rotation speed
MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE RELIABILITY OF THE POWER SUPPLY SYS-TEM OF THE IRKUTSK REGION DURING THE MODERNIZATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF NEW HIGH-VOLTAGE OVERHEAD LINES
Authors: Golovanov Igor' , Gusev Ilia , Shitenkov Grigory , Golovatiukov Leonid
Published: July 2024

The issue of modernization and construction of new high-voltage lines in the Irkutsk region was con-sidered in the light of the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federa-tion No. 108 dated 02/28/2023
ENSURING FIRE SAFETY COMMODITY-REAGENT ECONOMY OILS PRODUCTION
Authors: Karbaeva Alina , Prusakova Aleksandra
Published: July 2024

The article considers provision of fire safety of commercial-reagent facilities of oils production
FEATURES OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT MANAGEMENT EXPENSES
Authors: Bychkova Gul'fira
Published: July 2024

Methodological support for evaluating the effectiveness of management expenses has been im-proved – an indicator of managerial productivity has been proposed and tested – net profit per one ruble of expenses for the remuneration of managerial personnel
ANALYSIS OF HOTEL BUSINESS EXPENSES: THE PRACTICAL ASPECT
Authors: D'yakova Nuriya
Published: July 2024

A model has been developed for analyzing the impact of expenses from ordinary activities on the efficiency of the hotel business, characterized in that it introduces an indicator for assessing the qual-ity of management – the proportion of profit from sales "deducted" from one ruble of labor costs
ECONOMIC PREREQUISITES AND PROBLEMS OF USING THE PROGRESSIVE PIT SCALE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Zarubina Yuliya
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the principles and approaches to reforming the personal income tax collection system, compares various models of a progressive tax scale, examines the tax experience of other states, substantiates the economic prerequisites and problems of personal income tax collection in the conditions of modern economic realities
FINANCIAL LITERACY AND MONETARY CULTURE
Authors: Zarubina Yuliya , Zarubina Alexandra
Published: July 2024

The article discusses approaches to the problem of modeling successful courses in economic disci-plines that form not only a financially literate, but also a monetary and cultural individual
LIGHTING AS A TOOL OF THE «PHYSICAL EVIDENCE» CATEGORY MARKETING COMPLEX
Authors: Kozlova Kseniya
Published: July 2024

The article reveals the concept of «marketing complex» and its main components. The main directions of the influence of lighting as a tool in the «physical evidence» category on marketing activities are considered. The main features are highlighted and examples of effective lighting of product groups of retail trade enterprises in the Irkutsk region are given
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TERMINATION POLICY AND PERSONNEL RETRAINING
Authors: Panchuk Ekaterina , Parfirev Evgeny
Published: July 2024

The article examines the problems that the development and implementation of a policy for dismissal and retraining of personnel can solve, and also provides a comprehensive analysis of the aspects of such a policy
CORRUPTION AS A SOCIAL PHENOMENON
Authors: Sorokina Anna , Shtanko Maria
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the influence of corruption on the social life of society. The causes and consequences of corruption are considered, the importance of negative social consequences is emphasized. It was revealed that if a distortion of social, political, economic foundations is identified in a state, then there is a degradation of social relations due to the weakening of legal institutions, then the level of corruption will be high. Effective measures to combat corruption aimed at strengthening social norms in society are summarized and listed
THE ECONOMIC RATIONALE FOR USING LINUX SYSTEMS TO PROTECT AGAINST CYBER THREATS AND IMPROVE THE DATA SECURITY OF RUS-SIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Cheklaukova Elena , Erohin Maksim
Published: July 2024

This article discusses how using Linux systems can help companies save money on protecting against cyber threats and improving data security. The article provides arguments in favor of using Linux systems, such as a high degree of security, resistance to viruses and other malware, as well as the possibility of using open source code to create your own data protection solutions. In addition, the article discusses examples of successful use of Linux systems in various industries and companies
Compras Públicas Sustentáveis Sob a Ótica do Triple Bottom Line: Uma Análise Bibliométrica a Partir de Bases Internacionais
Authors: Santos André Luiz Trajano dos , Scotelano Laíce de Souza , Reis Augusto da Cunha
Published: July 2024

As Compras Públicas Sustentáveis são um instrumento de política estratégica para promoção do Desenvolvimento Nacional Sustentável. Este artigo tem por objetivo apontar o estado da arte a partir de um estudo bibliométrico dos trabalhos publicados sobre sustentabilidade em Compras Públicas sob a ótica do Triple Bottom Line (TBL), a partir das bases científicas Scopus e Web of Science, contemplando os anos de 2000 a 2021, aplicando o Protocolo PRISMA. As buscas realizadas identificaram ao todo 105 trabalhos para análise bibliométrica por meio do pacote bibliometrix do Software R Studio. O levantamento revela que o interesse na prática sustentável em compras públicas teve um crescimento de 300% na última década e que a maior parte da pesquisa existente sobre o tema tem como área do conhecimento a Ciência Ambiental (27%), Ciência Social (22%), Energia (16%) e Negócios, Gestão e Contabilidade (13%) dentre os 10 assuntos mais recorrentes nas bases indexadas, em trabalhos publicados em países desenvolvidos, como o Reino Unido, Suécia, Espanha, Holanda, Estados Unidos, Austrália, Japão, Noruega, Dinamarca, Alemanha e Canadá. Assim, este trabalho contribui com a análise da evolução dos estudos de sustentabilidade em compras públicas no campo acadêmico aplicado ao conceito investigado, com destaque para os professores Dr. Stephen Brammer e Dra. Helen Walker como as principais referências autorais em pesquisas publicadas sobre Compras Públicas Sustentáveis com 754 citações a seus trabalhos.
36 Exploring the Ethical Implications of AI in Legal Decision-Making
Authors: Sharma Raj kumar
Published: July 2024

One of the many domains in which artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly present in today's modern society is the process of decision-making within the legal system. the ethical problems that arise when artificial intelligence is used in judicial decision-making. There is a possibility that artificial intelligence will have positive effects, such as increased productivity and reduced human bias; however, there are also potential negative effects associated with it. These include concerns regarding transparency and accountability, as well as the potential for a reduction in human judgement and empathy. When investigating potential ethical implications, we adopt a comprehensive approach, taking into account the perspectives of AI researchers, attorneys, lawmakers, and the general public. the ethical responsibilities of artificial intelligence programmers to produce reliable and accountable software. In addition to this, it explores how legal practitioners might learn to maximise the use of AI tools while maintaining their authoritative decision-making positions without having to give up their positions.
A Comparative Analysis of Contract Law in Common Law and Civil Law Jurisdictions
Authors: Garg Anuj
Published: July 2024

Contract law's key tasks include the creation, interpretation, and enforcement of agreements between parties. As a result, contract law is seen as an essential component of all types of legal systems. However, due to the distinct historical, cultural, and judicial contexts of common law and civil law states, the development of contract law has taken a different path in each of these jurisdictions. A comparison is made between the core ideas, central concepts, and different approaches that are characteristic of contract law in common law and civil law regimes. the beginnings and development of contract law within the context of both the common law and the civil law legal systems. the development of contractual ideas, shedding light on the various foundations that continue to have an impact on contemporary legal philosophy, and making reference to the legacy left behind by the Roman law tradition and the English common law history. a comparison and contrast of the impact of reasoning based on precedent in common law and codified statutes in civil law is used to illustrate the various techniques that are used to govern the interpretation and adjudication of contracts.
White collar crime identification in India: A Critical study
Authors: Aarav Singhania
Published: July 2024

White-collar crime poses a significant challenge to the economic and social fabric of India, as it involves non-violent financial offenses committed by individuals or organizations in positions of trust and authority. This research paper critically examines the landscape of white-collar crime identification in India, shedding light on the types of offenses prevalent, the mechanisms employed for detection, and the complex challenges faced by law enforcement and regulatory bodies. The study begins with an exploration of the various types of white-collar crimes observed in the Indian context, including fraud, corruption, embezzlement, money laundering, insider trading, and cybercrimes. Real-life case studies are presented to illustrate these offenses and the methods employed by perpetrators. Detection mechanisms are a central focus of this paper, with an in-depth analysis of financial audits, forensic accounting techniques, and digital monitoring tools used to identify and investigate white-collar crimes. The role of technology, particularly artificial intelligence and data analytics, is examined in enhancing detection capabilities.
Performance Appraisal of Permanent Lok Adalat in Haryana: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Rahul Kadian  , Rajesh Kumar Kundu
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the implementation of Haryana Legal Services Authority (HALSA) provisions, evaluate the functioning of Lok Adalats, assess the effectiveness of mediation centers alongside PLAs, review the process for granting free legal aid, and analyze the challenges faced by Permanent Lok Adalats in Haryana. This study employs a multistage sampling approach, including structured interviews with stakeholders, open discussions, and observations for primary data collection, alongside secondary sources like annual reports and published studies. Quantitative tools such as averages and percentages, as well as qualitative content analysis, were used for data analysis, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of PLA performance. The study finds that awareness of HALSA provisions is primarily driven by print and social media, with moderate overall awareness among respondents. Beneficiaries are generally satisfied with HLSA services, although improvements in accessibility and responsiveness are needed. PLA proceedings are viewed positively regarding information clarity and timeliness, but challenges persist in transparency, communication, and the handling of personal details. The study highlights the need for better infrastructure, enhanced awareness, and support mechanisms to ensure equal access to justice and effective dispute resolution by PLAs in Haryana.
Recent advances in sleep cycle regulation and hormonal imbalance: a comprehensive review
Authors: Sheersh Jain
Published: July 2024

A vital physiological function, sleep is necessary for general health and wellbeing. It is essential for several body processes, including as metabolism, immunological response, emotional control, and cognitive function. A complicated mechanism involving intricate connections between brain circuits, neurotransmitters, and hormone cues governs the sleep-wake cycle. Scientific research has recently made significant progress in understanding the mechanisms behind the control of the sleep cycle and how it relates to hormone imbalance. The goal of this thorough review is to examine the most recent research in this area, with a particular emphasis on the interaction between hormone variations and sleep regulation.
Identification of Urine Cotinine in Secondhand Smoke and its Association with Socio-Environmental
Authors: Oktadio Erikardo  , Euis Purbasari  , Nurul Azmah Nikmatullah
Published: July 2024

Background: Exposure to cigarette smoke not only affects active smokers but also endangers passive smokers, leading to various health problems. However, research on passive smokers is still very limited, particularly regarding the relationship with socio-environmental factors. Cotinine is the primary metabolite of nicotine consumption and can serve as a biomarker for tobacco use and its derivatives; moreover, its presence is associated with poor health risks. Socio-environmental conditions are influential factors in smoking behavior, but the relationship between these factors and cotinine identification in passive smokers has not been fully studied. This study aimed to identify cotinine in passive smokers and their relationship with socio-environmental conditions. Methods: This study utilized an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size consisted of 53 passive smokers who had never actively smoked and were over 15 years old. Urine cotinine was identified using a competitive immunochromatography method, and profile of passive smokers was obtained through questionnaires. The collected data were then statistically analyzed. Results: The results showed that 36 samples tested positive for cotinine (67.90%), with the majority being females (28 individuals; 77.80%). Statistical tests indicated a significant relationship between urine cotinine identification and exposure location (p<0.001) and exposure frequency (p<0.001). In contrast, factors such as sex (p=0.570) and occupation (p=0.861) did not show a significant relationship with the identification of cotinine in passive smoker’s urine. Conclusion: Factors such as exposure location and exposure frequency are related to cotinine identification, whereas sex and occupation are not related to cotinine identification in passive smoker’s urine.
Harmonisasi Pengaturan Penggunaan Ciptaan Pada Pertunjukan Komersial Tanpa Izin Pencipta
Authors: Putra Komang Satria Wibawa , Putri Made Dinda Saskara , Astawa I Nengah Dasi
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengkaji konflik pengaturan dalam UU Hak Cipta yang mengatur terkait penggunaan ciptaan pada pertunjukkan komersial tanpa ijin pencipta. penelitian ini, digunakan teknik penelitian yuridis normatif, pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep hukum, dan fakta. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan penggunaan ciptaan bagi pengguna ciptaan memiliki dua pendekatan yaitu dengan ijin pencipta atau tanpa ijin pencipta dengan membayar ke LMKN. Dengan adanya pandangan bahwa kedua pendekatan merupakan suatu alternatif, adanya beberapa pengguna ciptaan yang telah membayar ke LMKN, namun pihak pencipta atau pengguna ciptaan lebih mengharapkan penggunaan ciptaan untuk mendapatkan ijin dari pencipta daripada membayar ke LMKN. Oleh sebab itu, dapat dilakukan harmonisasi dengan mengatur pada ketentuan pasal yang sama dan memperjelas ketentuan bahwa pihak pengguna ciptaan yang menggunakan ciptaan tidak perlu meminta izin jika telah membayar ciptaan kepada LMKN.
PENILAIAN RASIONALITAS PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN USIA 1-5 TAHUN DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT (ISPA) DI PUSKESMAS CIMAHI TENGAH
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Hermanto Faizal , Soemardji Andreanus A , Amelia Riza , Agustin Yuliana
Published: July 2024

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang umum terjadi pada anak usia 1–5 tahun. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri dan efek samping yang tidak diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien ISPA usia 1–5 tahun di Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah pada bulan Januari-Desember 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah. Ini melibatkan pengumpulan data resep retrospektif dari individu berusia 1-5 tahun sepanjang periode Januari hingga Desember 2022. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode sampling jenuh, dimana total populasi sebesar 526 resep, dan resep yang tidak sesuai kriteria inklusi serta duplikasi sebanyak 469 resep, sehingga total sempel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 56 resep dan kemudian dianalisis baik secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penilaian rasionalitas meliputi kriteria tepat indikasi, tepat obat, tepat pasien, dan tepat dosis. Hasil menunjukan bahwa karakteristik ISPA terbanyak pada usia satu tahun yaitu 27% dan jenis kelamin tertinggi terjadi pada laki laki sebesar 55%. Rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan kriteria tepat indikasi, tepat obat, tepat pasien, dan tepat dosis menunjukan persentase sebesar 100%. Penilaian rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien ISPA usia 1–5 tahun di Puskesmas Cimahi Tengah dapat dinyatakan rasional.
A Catalogue of Historical and Instrumentally-Recorded Ms ≥ 7 Earthquakes in Taiwan

Authors: Wang Jeen-Hwa
Published: July 2024

A catalogue of forty-nine instrumentally-recorded earthquakes with magnitudes ≥ 7 in Taiwan from 1906 to date is compiled from regional and international catalogues and literature. Included also are seven historical earthquakes that occurred from 1792 to 1867. The earthquake magnitude is the surface-wave magnitude, Ms. The moment magnitude, Mw, is also evaluated either from Ms or obtained from related documents. Except for one event, Mw is smaller than or equal to Ms. There are the 'doublets', 'triplets', and ‘quadruplets’ in these earthquakes. The spatial distribution of epicenters shows that most of the events occurred in offshore eastern Taiwan and only a few inland events happened in western Taiwan. The shortest inter-occurrence time between two consecutive events is less than 1 day; while the longest one is 5742 days between No. 47 event and No. 48 event. The inter-occurrence time somewhat increases with time. The time series of earthquakes shows irregular recurrence behavior with aperiodicity, fractality, and a weak memory effect. The damage produced by earthquakes is much higher from inland events (mainly in western Taiwan) than from offshore ones.
Pengaruh APVABEL (Aplikasi Canva Pembelajaran) dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII di SMPN 2 Cicurug
Authors: Yusup Abduloh Yusup , Nastiti Maharani Isma , Rahmat Dadan
Published: July 2024

Abstrak:  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh apvabel (aplikasi canva pembelajaran) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII di SMPN 2 Cicurug. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) Model John Elliott. Melalui 3 Siklus Mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan refleksi. Partisipan penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII-B yang berjumlah 29 siswa. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan Tes dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai hasil belajar siswa pada kegiatan pra siklus memperoleh persentase rata-rata 31,03% dengan kategori rendah, pada siklus I memperoleh persentase rata-rata 37,93% dengan kategori rendah, kemudian pada siklus II memperoleh peresentase rata-rata 58,62% dengan kategori sedang, dan dilanjutkan pada siklus III memperoleh peresentase rata-rata 79,31% dengan kategori baik. Data tersebut menunjukan bahwa pengaruh penggunaan media Aplikasi Canva dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada kelas VII di SMPN 2 Cicurug tahun ajaran 2023/2024
Kata Kunci : Media Aplikasi Canva, Hasil Belajar TIK, Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Keefektifan Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Examples Non Examples dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Cerpen pada Siswa Kelas X Man 2 Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Amaliah Risma , Setiadi David , Agustiani Tanti
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan model pembelajaran Example Non Example dalam pembelajaran menulis cerpen pada siswa kelas X MAN 2 Kota Sukabumi. Subjek pada penelitian ini terdiri dari satu kelas saja yaitu kelas X 11. Intrumen yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tes, lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal dan melihat hasil pretes, dapat diketahui bahwa kemampuan menulis cerpen siswa MAN 2 Kota Sukabumi tidaklah bagus dan masuk pada kategori rendah. Setelah diberikan treatment berupa model pembelajaran Example Non Example dan melakukan postes dapat terlihat adanya peningkatan nilai pada hasil postes siswa kelas X 11. Berdasarkan hasil uji signifikasi, kemampuan siswa dalam menulis cerpen mengalami peningkatan. Dapat dilihat perbedaan antara nilai pretes dan nilai postes. Nilai rata-rata pada postes 83.52 sedangkan nilai pretes 61.35. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji-t dengan diketahui thitung 12.18 lebih besar dari ttabel  2.032. Dari hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa H0 ditolak karena thitung > ttabel. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Example Non Example efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran menulis cerpen siswa kelas X MAN 2 Kota Sukabumi.
Development of Three Tier Online Test Diagnostic of Misconception for Topic Free Fall Motion
Authors: Nisa Etik Khoirun , Habibbulloh Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to develop an online Three Tier Test Diagnostic of misconception in topic free fall motion.
Methodology: This research is development research using a development model 4D by Thiagarajan (Define, Desain, Development, and Dissemination). However, the research is only limited to the Development stage because the research objectives have been achieved. The data collection instrument is a media expert validation questionnaire. The research data includes quantitative data in the form of expert validator evaluations and qualitative data in the form of comments and suggestions given by expert validators.
Main Findings: The results showed that the product three tier online test diagnostic was feasible to use based on expert validation with a very feasible category. The resulting product has five item questions and consist of three tiers. The first tier is multiple choice questions, second is reason for answering question, and third tier is curiosity response index (CRI).
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is uses an online test. This is expected to be able to support the effectiveness of further research by researchers.
Intensitas Pengutipan Syair Jahiliah dalam Tafsir Al-Thabari
Authors: Muhaimin Abd.
Published: July 2024

Kitab Tafsir al-Thabari, Jami’ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, sering disebut sebagai tafsir ensiklopedis karena memuat berbagai sumber dan membicarakan ayat per ayatnya dari berbagai aspek dan sudut pandang keilmuan. Dari sisi bermacam sumber yang digunakan, syair jahiliah juga ditemukan jejaknya di sini. Sejauh penelusuran penulis, hampir di setiap penafsiran ayat, syair jahiliah dikutip di dalamnya. Penggunaan syair jahiliah sebagai sumber tafsir, dari klasik hingga kontemporer, menjadi pro-kontra di kalangan cendikiawan studi Al-Qur’an. Salah satu tokoh yang keras menolak pengaplikasian syair jahiliah untuk menafsirkan Al-Qur’an adalah Thaha Husain, Muhammad as-Sadiq Afifi dan Ahmad Samuel Vitch. Di samping itu, tokoh yang pro membolehkan penggunaannya dengan syarat hanya dijadikan pendukung, seperti Muhammad Ulinnuha dan M. Quraish Shihab. Penelitian ini akan mengajukan dua persoalan: Pertama, bagaimana pandangan al-Thabari dalam menafsiran ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an menggunakan syair Arab jahiliah; lalu Kedua, Seperti apa bentuk-bentuk pengutipan syair jahiliah dalam penafsiran al-Thabari tersebut. Dari tujuan ini, teori hermeneutika intertekstualitas Julia Kristeva akan dipakai untuk pisau analisis. Dengan metode deskriptif analitik dan pendekatan historis-filosofis, penelitian ini akan menghasilkan: Pertama, pengutipan syair oleh al-Thabari cukup intensif; dan Kedua, dari analisis bentuk-bentuk yang ada, dapat disimpulkan empat kategori tujuan pengutipan syair jahiliah yaitu: makna kata, uslub, fashahah, dan qira’at.
Komodifikasi Agama di Sosial Media
Authors: Eran Batu Anugrah
Published: July 2024

Hadis yang selama ini digunakan untuk mengekstraksi sejarah, tuntunan dan hukum-hukum dalam islam, ternyata pada akun HF Gold Puzzle di Instagram penggunaan hadis tampak bergeser. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menelisik penggunaan hadis pada akun HF Gold Puzzle. Untuk menunjang penelitian ini, maka setidaknya terdapat tiga pertanyaan yang diajukan. Pertama, tipologi hadis yang digunakan dalam membuat konten di Instagram. Kedua, bagaimana intrepetasi hadis dalam konten. Ketiga, bagaimana pengaruh hadis dalam penjualan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, metode sampling sebagai metode pengumpulan data dan teori semiotika Roland Barthes sebagai teknik analisis. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: pertama, beragam hadis muncul dalam unggahan dengan tema dan bentuk yang berbeda-beda disertai intrepetasi teks hadis yang minim dan cenderung promosi. Kedua, hadis-hadis seputar emas dimasukkan dalam konten sebagai bentuk edukasi atas konsekuensi logis dari bisnis penjualan emas syar’i, penggunaan hadis juga ditujukan untuk menciptakan citra bisnis yang sesuai prinsip syariat islam, namun di sisi lain penggunan hadis ditujukan untuk memperluas pangsa pasar di kalangan konsumen muslim. Ketiga, penggunaan hadis dalam unggahan yang secara data impresi terus meningkat, ternyata menyokong popularitas dan membentuk suatu eksistensi dimana hal ini secara otomatis mempengaruhi peningkatan penjualan.
Studi Literatur Penerapan Konsep dan Peran Manajemen pada Organisasi
Authors: Huda Khoirul , Abdoe Thorieq Al , Sari Lia Agita , Wantika Ayu
Published: July 2024

The concept of management is a crucial element for effective organizational management. This article discusses various management theories and approaches, including basic functions such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. This research uses literature studies or literature reviews. The information used in this study comes from previous research written in national and international online publications. The data collection procedure makes use of the standards set by the authors of each magazine. Finding problems for research, gathering relevant data about them, and examining some fundamental hypotheses related to them are the broad goals of literary studies. The results of this study highlight the evolution of management thinking from the classical era to the modern era, including the contributions of important figures and recent advances in management practice. The research also explores the application of management concepts in various industries and organizations, as well as the challenges managers face in a dynamic business environment. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of adaptation and innovation in management practices to improve organizational performance. Thus, this research provides an in-depth insight into the fundamental concepts of management and their influence on management practices. Modern management is based on principles such as discipline, division of labor, authority and responsibility, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of personal interests, fair wages, centralization, authority, order, justice, stability of positions, initiative, and the spirit of solidarity. These principles help management actions achieve organizational goals.
Analisis Nilai Pendidikan Dalam Tradisi Mabuug-Buugan Masyarakat Desa Adat Kedonganan Sebagai Penerapan Ajaran Tri Hita Karana
Authors: Chika Aristia Santi Ni Putu , Nerawati Ni Gusti Ayu Agung
Published: July 2024

The noble values ​​that guide Balinese people in carrying out religious activities reflect the philosophical richness contained in each tradition, which in turn makes a positive contribution to the harmonization of nature, society and belief in Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wasa. Religious traditions in Bali also reflect the religious, social and moral values ​​upheld by society. These values ​​are reflected in practices such as pilgrimages, traditional ceremonies and other religious rituals, which are not only part of cultural heritage, but also serve as a guide in living daily life. The aim of this research is to examine the existence of the mabuug-buugan tradition which has a unique form, function and educational value and is different from traditions in general so as to obtain a holistic understanding. Qualitative research method with an action approach and research results obtained based on the results of the study in the form of educational values ​​in the mabuung-buugan tradition, including the value of social education, the value of religious education, the value of aesthetic education as well as in the mabuug-buugan tradition as an application of the teachings of Tri Hita Karana and there is an environmental message traditional rituals, it can be concluded that the mabuug-buugan tradition is an implementation of human harmony with the environment and the ida sang hyang widhi wasa expressed in the mabuug-buugan tradition, besides that it is also to unite the local community and this tradition contains social values ​​both in terms of togetherness, control themselves who follow the tradition of mabuug-buugan.