bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUCCESFUL AGING DI YOGYAKARTA : BEKERJA SEBAGAI OPTIMALISASI USIA TUA
Authors: Izdiha Anis , Kalamika Arin Mamlakah
Published: May 2020

AbstrakTulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mendalami tranformasi perkembangan emosi dari para lansia khususnya lansia yang berjenis kelamin wanita. Indonesia memiliki struktur masyarakat tua dimana jumlah lansia semakin bertambah pada tiap tahunnya. Penelitian terus dilakukan untuk upaya menanggulangi persoalan kemiskinan lansia di Indonesia. Desa Wirokerten, lokasi salah satu kelompok wirausaha lansia kreatif mulai mendobrak wacana negatif terhadap ketidakberdayaan lansia melalui bekerja. Kelompok lansia ini menarik untuk dilihat dalam kaitannya dengan aspek-aspek penting yang perlu dilihat dalam memahami persoalan lansia. Pendekatan psikologi perkembangan milik Erricson menjadi acuan berfikir dari tulisan ini, dimana pada usia lansia ini ada banyak aspek dan gejala sosial maupun emosi diri, bagaimana para lansia menyesuaikan diri mereka terhadap lingkungan dan perubahan tubuh  mereka. Riset ini dilakukan pada bulan April- September 2014. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan satu gagasan penting bahwa bekerja bagi sebagian lansia dimaknai sebagai bentuk perlawanan emosi yang ditunjukkan atas berkurangnya kemampuan fisik oleh sebab penuaan.Kata kunci : Lansia, Perkembangan, Lingkungan, Perlawanan Siklus
PENANGANAN KASUS ANAK KORBAN PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA MELALUI PARENT CHILD INTERACTION THERAPY DI SAVE THE CHILDREN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dina Ekmil Lana
Published: May 2020

Intervention to be done is parent child interaction therapy, by coaching, providing effective skills between parents and children together. This intervention helps parents interact with parenting and mentoring techniques in children, including overcoming the case of children as victims of divorce parents who then dititipkan in orphanages. The objective of the study was to obtain a description and to analyze the characteristics of the subject of the implementation of parent child interaction therapy to the behavior, to the emotional state, and to the social situation of the child as the victim of divorce. The research used quantitative method with single subject design type or N = 1 with the ABA pattern model where the measurements will be performed in each period. As the purpose of the study to describe the effectiveness of the implementation of parent child interaction therapy in the handling of cases of child victims of divorce. The main hypothesis in this study is that H1 = parent child interaction therapy is effective in handling the AN subject as a divorce victim or H0 = parent child interaction therapy is not effective in handling the subject of AN as a divorce victim. The results show that parent child interaction therapy is effective for treating AN children as the victims of divorce, both in terms of behavior, emotions, and also the social subject of AN. Interactions built between the parents and the subject will continue to improve if both are committed to continuing to apply this therapy in their daily lives. Keywords: Divorce victim, Single subject experiment, Parent child interaction therapy
RELOKASI PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA: Strategi Coping dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pariwisata di Pantai Pangandaran
Authors: Supriatna Fita Fatmawati
Published: May 2020

Artikel ini mengurai strategi coping dan kebijakan pemerintah dalam relokasi PKL di pelataran Pantai Pangandaran. Latar belakang pemerintah menyusun roadmap kebijakan relokasi PKL dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas lokasi pariwisata pantai. Melalui pendekatan studi kasus, penulis menemukan acuan dasar kebijakan pemerintah dengan metode humanis. Sementara itu, strategi coping disinyalir dapat menjadi metode yang ampuh dalam mengurai dan mengubah keadaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengurai bahwa ada empat metode strategi coping yang dilakukan oleh PKL, yaitu Problem-focused Coping (PFC), Emotion-focused coping (PFC), Coping Jangka Panjang dan Coping Jangka Pendek. Pada  strategi  coping  berbentuk  PFC,  tiga  subjek  menggunakan aspek  planful  problem-solving  (mengatasi  masalah  secara langsung), dan satu subjek menggunakan confrontative coping (menyelesaikan masalah secara konfrontatif). Pada strategi coping berbentuk  EFC,  tiga  subjek  menggunakan  aspek  positive reappraisal (memberi penilaian positif atas permasalahan), satu subjek  menggunakan  aspek  accepting  responsibility  (penerimaan atas masalah), serta satu subjek menggunakan aspek self control (pengendalian  diri).  Tiga  subjek  menggunakan  Coping  Jangka panjang,  dan  tiga  subjek  lainnya  menggunakan  coping  jangka pendek dalam mengatasi permasalahan. Kata kunci: strategi coping, pedagang kaki lima, relokasi, Pangandaran
UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PELAYANAN SOSIAL BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Mubarok Akhmad Munif , Munafisah Azizatul
Published: May 2020

English language institutes make various empowerment efforts to encourage community participation so they have the ability to achieve a prosperous standard of living. Empowerment efforts undertaken by English language course institutions in Pelem Village have made the community aware of the potential, have the ability to access welfare and change existing barriers. The description is the main attraction to examine how efforts to empower the community through social service institutions English courses in the Village of Pelem, Pare District, Kediri Regency. The purpose of this research is to find out, describe and analyze efforts to empower the community through social service institutions of English courses in Pelem Village, Pare District, Kediri Regency. This research uses a case study approach with qualitative research type. The technique of determining the informant using the subjectivity of researchers and the technique of determining the location using purposive.Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data collection, data reduction, data display and verification. The results showed that the role of the course institutions could improve the welfare of the people of Pelem Village.Keywords: Empowerment Efforts, Institutions and community
Asymptotic stability of small Oseen-type vortex under three-dimensional large perturbation
Authors: Furukawa Ken
Published: May 2020

We consider the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations whose initial data may have infinite kinetic energy. We establish unique existence of the mild solution to the Navier–Stokes equations for small initial data in the whole space{\mathbb{R}^{3}}and a vertically periodic product space{\mathbb{R}^{2}\times\mathbb{T}^{1}}which may be constant in vertical direction so that it includes the Oseen vortex. We further discuss its asymptotic stability under arbitrarily large three-dimensional perturbation in{\mathbb{R}^{2}\times\mathbb{T}^{1}}.
Die Bibliothek als Ort der (Retro-) Gaming-Kultur
Authors: Deeg Christoph
Published: May 2020

Das Thema Gaming hat eine immer größere Bedeutung für die heutige und zukünftige Bibliotheksarbeit. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch vermehrt über das Thema Retro-Gaming gesprochen. Für Bibliotheken ist das Thema Retro-Gaming von großer Bedeutung, da es ein elementarer Bestandteil der Gaming-Kultur ist. Es bedeutet für Bibliotheken aber auch eine große Herausforderung, denn ab dem Moment der Beschäftigung mit Retro-Gaming geht es um das Kulturgut „Spiel“ und die Kulturtechnik „Spielen“ als Element unsere Kultur. Somit reichen die meisten vorhandenen Konzepte nicht mehr aus. Christoph Deeg beschreibt, was das für die Bibliotheksarbeit bedeutet und warum dieses Thema gerade für die Zukunft der Bibliotheken so wichtig ist.
A novel non-invasive method for estimating the local wave speed at a single site in the internal carotid artery
Authors: Ayadi Asma , Sahtout Wassila , Baledent Olivier
Published: May 2020

Objectives

Local wave speed is a biomarker which provides an objective analysis of the cardiovascular function. The aim of this study was to determine the local wave speed in the internal carotid artery by a new non-invasive method that measures blood velocity waveform at only one site.

Methods

For this purpose, the cepstral analysis was employed to determine the arrival time of the reflection wave and the wave speed in the carotid artery. To validate our model, we applied it experimentally in vivo on young and old healthy subjects. The blood velocity waveform was measured by using phase-contrast magnetic resonance for 22 subjects.

Results

Our experimental results correlated with reference values reported in previous studies conducted on the internal arterial carotid usually adopting the invasive method. They also correlated with those obtained by using the foot-to-foot method (R2=0.72). The wave speed obtained by the method developed in this study and that of the foot-to-foot method increased with age (p<0.001).

Conclusions

The method developed in this study can be applied in the other arteries and it can also be used with other techniques such as ultrasound imaging.
Frequency decomposition and phase synchronization of the visual evoked potential using the empirical mode decomposition
Authors: Lee Byuckjin , Kim Byeongnam , Yoo Sun K.
Published: May 2020

Objectives

The phase characteristics of the representative frequency components of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) can be a means of understanding the brain functions of human senses and perception. In this paper, we found out that visual evoked potential (VEP) is composed of the dominant multi-band component signals of the EEG through the experiment.

Methods

We analyzed the characteristics of VEP based on the theory that brain evoked potentials can be decomposed into phase synchronized signals. In order to decompose the EEG signal into across each frequency component signals, we extracted the signals in the time-frequency domain with high resolution using the empirical mode decomposition method. We applied the Hilbert transform (HT) to extract the signal and synthesized it into a frequency band signal representing VEP components. VEP could be decomposed into phase synchronized δ, θ, α, and β frequency signals. We investigated the features of visual brain function by analyzing the amplitude and latency of the decomposed signals in phase synchronized with the VEP and the phase-locking value (PLV) between brain regions.

Results

In response to visual stimulation, PLV values were higher in the posterior lobe region than in the anterior lobe. In the occipital region, the PLV value of theta band was observed high.

Conclusions

The VEP signals decomposed into constituent frequency components through phase analysis can be used as a method of analyzing the relationship between activated signals and brain function related to visual stimuli.
Osteoclast and osteoblast response to strontium-doped struvite coatings on titanium for improved bone integration
Authors: Moseke Claus , Wimmer Katharina , Meininger Markus , Zerweck Julia , Wolf-Brandstetter Cornelia , Gbureck Uwe , Ewald Andrea
Published: May 2020

To develop implants with improved bone ingrowth, titanium substrates were coated with homogeneous and dense struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) layers by means of electrochemically assisted deposition. Strontium nitrate was added to the coating electrolyte in various concentrations, in order to fabricate Sr-doped struvite coatings with Sr loading ranging from 10.6 to 115 μg/cm2. It was expected and observed that osteoclast activity surrounding the implant was inhibited. The cytocompatibility of the coatings and the effect of Sr-ions in different concentrations on osteoclast formation were analyzedin vitro. Osteoclast differentiation was elucidated on morphological, biochemical as well as on gene expression level. It could be shown that moderate concentrations of Sr2+had an inhibitory effect on osteoclast formation, while the growth of osteoblastic cells was not negatively influenced compared to pure struvite surfaces. In summary, the electrochemically deposited Sr-doped struvite coatings are a promising approach to improve bone implant ingrowth.
Picture and text: on the “iconography” of sacred spaces in middle-Byzantine ekphraseis
Authors: Daskas Beatrice
Published: May 2020

The present contribution engages with two representative examples of middle-Byzantine ekphraseis, Photios’ description of the Virgin of the Pharos and Leo VI’s account of the church founded by Stylianos Zautzes. It aims at showing how these texts suggest modes of viewing the sacred space and decoration that pose, more than settle, questions about images and pictures, their intended function, significance and impact within their specific cultural frames of reference. Far from being neutral and disengaged, these verbal representations have a specific agenda, which inflects the audience’s perception and interpretation of the decorated church space. Comparisons with coeval monumental evidence are also offered, in order to analyze textual and visual developments in parallel.
Characterisation of polyhedral products with finite generalised Postnikov decomposition
Authors: Iriye Kouyemon , Kishimoto Daisuke , Levi Ran
Published: May 2020

A generalised Postnikov tower for a space X is a tower of principal fibrations with fibres generalised Eilenberg–MacLane spaces, whose inverse limit is weakly homotopy equivalent to X. In this paper we give a characterisation of a polyhedral product

Z
K

⁢

(
X
,
A
)

{Z_{K}(X,A)}

whose universal cover either admits a generalised Postnikov tower of finite length, or is a homotopy retract of a space admitting such a tower. We also include p-local and rational versions of the theorem. We end with a group theoretic application.
Automatische Evaluation der Humanübersetzung: BLEU vs. METEOR
Authors: Chung Hye-Yeon
Published: May 2020

Human evaluation (HE) of translation is generally considered to be valid, but it requires a lot of effort. Automatic evaluation (AE) which assesses the quality of machine translations can be done easily, but it still requires validation. This study addresses the questions of whether and how AE can be used for human translations. For this purpose AE formulas and HE criteria were compared to each other in order to examine the validity of AE. In the empirical part of the study, 120 translations were evaluated by professional translators as well as by two representative AE-systems, BLEU/ METEOR, respectively. The correlations between AE and HE were relatively high at 0.849** (BLEU) and 0.862** (METEOR) in the overall analysis, but in the ratings of the individual texts, AE and ME exhibited a substantial difference. The AE-ME correlations were often below 0.3 or even in the negative range. Ultimately, the results indicate that neither METEOR nor BLEU can be used to assess human translation at this stage. But this paper suggests three possibilities to apply AE to compromise the weakness of HE.
Chaotic photon spheres in non-Euclidean billiard
Authors: Wang Dongyang , Liu Changxu , Zhang Shuang , Chan Che Ting
Published: May 2020

With the advancement in understanding of the physics inside chaotic systems, chaos has been harnessed from a nuisance to a beneficial factor in optical devices. Light–matter interaction in chaotic systems has been utilised for improving broadband energy harvesting and momentum transformations, achieving light localization beyond diffraction limit and even stabilizing the dynamics of high power laser. While extensive study about wave chaos has been made in deformed microcavities, investigation of how chaos dynamics evolves in curved space manifold remains elusive. Here, we study the non-Euclidean billiard of a torus-like manifold, which is a closed 2D cavity system with effective periodic boundaries. The ray chaotic behaviours on the deformed toroidal surface are explored using the geodesic equation. By tuning the deformation parameter of the torus, we observe the transition of the billiard from the ordered phase state to mixed phase states and then complete ray chaos. The photon sphere of the torus is identified as the transition position from ordered states to chaotic states. Compared with other chaotic behaviours resulted from the random scattering inside deformed cavities, we demonstrate chaotic dynamics purely on a curved surface, which may shed light on the better understanding of chaos in optics.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-4,4′-dipyridine-κ2
N,N′)-bis(3,5,6-trichloropyridine-2-oxyacetato-κO)-bis(ethanol-κO)nickel(II)], C28H26Cl6N4NiO8
Authors: Li Jun-Xia , Du Zhong-Xiang
Published: May 2020

C28H26Cl6N4NiO8, monoclinic, I
2/a (no. 15), a = 15.7577(10) Å, b = 12.6174(7) Å, c = 16.7333(10) Å, β = 99.609(6)Å, V = 3280.3(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0674, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1665, T = 291.2(3) K.
Heuristic decision of planned shop visit products based on similar reasoning method: From the perspective of organizational quality-specific immune
Authors: Liu Qiang , Lian Zhifeng , Guo Yu , Tang Shulin , Yang Feixue
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to reduce the maintenance time, cost, and scheduling distance and to determine the maintenance priority of planned shop visit products. This study introduces the concept of maintenance map, establishes the evaluation indicators system of maintenance map from the perspective of organizational quality-specific immune, and puts forward two key dimensions named maintenance plan and technical support of maintenance map. Based on the theoretical framework, construct a heuristic decision model of planned shop visit products based on similar reasoning, set the maintenance services data of Harbin Dongan Engine Co., Ltd., as research objects, and use the concrete schemes and cases to solve and carry out an empirical analysis of the heuristic decision of planned shop visit products based on similar reasoning with the help of the ant colony algorithm; the empirical analysis results indicate that maintenance map and evaluation indicators system are the fundamental basis of the heuristic decision based on similar reasoning, the combinations of similar reasoning and ant colony algorithm can achieve the optimal heuristic decision of planned shop visit products, which have effectiveness, feasibility, and operability. This research will be conductive to give out the heuristic decision of scheduling schemes of planned shop visit products, which will be beneficial to enhance maintenance efficiency and quality, promote learning effects and learning pattern paths, and reduce maintenance scheduling distances of planned shop visit products from the aspects of theoretical framework guidance, empirical system enlightenment, and conceptual paradigm reference.
Study of the mechanical-electrical-magnetic properties and the microstructure of three-layered cement-based absorbing boards
Authors: Sun Yafei , Peng Yueyue , Zhou Tianshu , Liu Hongwei , Gao Peiwei
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a three-layered cement-based wave-absorbing board is designed and prepared by mixing wave-absorbing fillers such as nano-Si3N4, multi-layer nano graphene platelets (NGPs), nano-Ni, carbon fiber (CF) and carbon black (CB) into cement slurry. The effect of the amount of wave-absorbing fillers on the mechanical properties, resistivity and wave-absorbing reflectivity of cement slurry is studies. The microstructure of NGPs, nano-Si3N4 and the wave-absorbing board are characterized by TEM and SEM. Research shows that low content of NGPs and other wave-absorbing fillers can significantly reduce the resistivity of cement slurry and improve its mechanical strength, and dense massive crystals are precipitated in the cement hydration products. The reflectivity test reveals that in the frequency range of 2~18 GHz, the minimum reflectivity of the three-layered cement-based wave absorbing board reaches −18.8 dB, and the maximum bandwidth less than −10 dB reaches 15.3 GHz. This study can serve as reference for the preparation of new three-layered cement-based wave absorbing boards.
The involvement of the central nervous system in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Saleki Kiarash , Banazadeh Mohammad , Saghazadeh Amene , Rezaei Nima
Published: May 2020

Coronaviruses disease (COVID-19) has caused major outbreaks. A novel variant, SARS-CoV-2, is responsible for COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical presentations and pathological mechanisms of COVID-19 are broad. The respiratory aspect of the disease has been extensively researched. Emerging studies point out the possibility of the central nervous system (CNS) involvement by COVID-19. Here, we discuss the current evidence for CNS involvement in COVID-19 and highlight that the high pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 might be due to its neuroinvasive potential.
Spiritual Care in Containment-Zeiten
Authors: Frick Eckhard
Published: May 2020

Medizinische und politische Autoritäten behandeln die COVID-19-induzierte Ungewissheit durch Containment-Maßnahmen wie Social Distancing, Quarantäne, Abschirmung vulnerabler Populationen. Über diese abwehrende Bedeutung hinaus betrifft das englische Wort “to contain” den Menschen in seiner psycho-sozio-spirituellen Dimension: Wie „containen“, transformieren, transzendieren Subjekte die Erfahrung von Ungewissheit?

Foucault unterscheidet zwischen dem autoritären Pest/Lepra- und dem liberaleren Pocken-Modell der politischen und medizinischen Bewältigung von Epidemien. In westlichen Industrieländern stimmt die Covid-19 Pandemie (2020) recht gut mit dem Pocken-Modell überein, indem sie den Bürgern eine gewisse Bewegungsfreiheit einräumt und über Eindämmungs-Maßnahmen informiert. Foucault zufolge üben medizinische und politische Autoritäten in pandemischen Krisen ihre „Pastoralmacht“ aus. Die „Herde“ der säkularen Pastoren („Hirten“) reagiert auf die Eindämmungsmaßnahmen durch Unterwerfung oder Widerstand, z. B. durch Spiritualität (Selbstsorge, Praktiken durch die das Subjekt an sich selbst die notwendigen Transformationen ausführt, um Zugang zur Wahrheit zu erlangen).

Die pandemische Bedrohung reduziert den Menschen auf seine physische Dimension und schließt psycho-soziale und spirituelle Aspekte aus. Seelsorgende erleben diesen diskursiven Ausschluss, wenn sie als Besucher ausgeschlossen werden. Sie können jedoch sinnlose, toxische oder traumatische Aspekte der Pandemie „containen“ (i. S. v. „halten“) und transformieren. Auf diese Weise repräsentieren sie für Patienten und Personal nicht nur den Ausschluss des Spirituellen, sondern auch Hoffnung und Transzendenz.
Soziale Marktwirtschaft damals und heute
Authors: Schnabl Gunther
Published: May 2020

The German currency reform on 20 June 1948, together with a comprehensive liberalization of prices as well as monopoly control formed the basis for the post-war West German economic miracle, which became the economic backbone of the European integration process. 70 years later, little remains of the basic principles of the social market economy. An increasingly expansive monetary policy of the European Central Bank undermines competition, growth and social cohesion in Europe, which puts political stability at risk. To ensure economic, political and social stability in Europe, a return to the principles of Walter Eucken und Ludwig Erhard is necessary.
The Regional Nudger: Wie Erkenntnisse der Verhaltensökonomie die Regionalpolitik und die politische Praxis auf Länderebene verbessern können
Authors: Kunte Sebastian
Published: May 2020

In many cases, behavioral economics has been advancing public policy. This is usually being done in one of two ways: First, behavioral sciences offer explanations for social phenomena that may not be explained by traditional economic analysis (diagnostic function). Second, they extend the decision maker’s “political toolbox” (therapeutic function). This potential has not yet been fully exploited for regional policy and politics. Thus, in the second part of this paper we outline specific suggestions how behaviorally informed regional policy might look like and how regional politics can benefit from the so-called “behavioral turn”. The two critical premises are open-mindedness and courage.
Always Already Hailed
Authors: Roessner Amber , Teresa Carrie
Published: May 2020

This autoethnographic essay explores experiences of two White female media-scholars at the Newseum in Washington, DC, on August 10, 2013. It considers the Newseum’s role in how we remember and why we forget certain aspects of U.S. American journalism and the relationship between this institutional site of memory and our individual and collective identities. The self-reflexive, autobiographical methodological form allows the historians of media and culture to consider the calls of Barbie Zelizer, Carolyn Kitch, Janice Hume, and Alexander Dhoest for more conceptual clarity in our understandings of public, social, cultural, and collective memory and for new understandings of the negotiation and reception of media memory-texts and sites of memory.
It is Too Much. Too Many Stories to Handle
Authors: Szwabowski Oskar
Published: May 2020

This is an autoethnographic poem. It shows one of the limits of autoethnography.
Psikoterapi Spiritual dan Pendidikan Islam dalam mengatasi dan menghadapi gangguan Anciety Disorder di saat dan pasca Covid 19
Authors: Yono Yono , Rusmana Indriya , Noviyanty Hielda
Published: May 2020

Berbagai keluhan masyarakat mengenai kecemasan akibat covid 19 mulai muncul ke permukaan, diikuti juga dengan gerakan solidaritas untuk memberikan bantuan dalam menghadapi dampak wabah covid 19. Dalam buku Mukadimmah karya Ibn Khaldun, pendidikan mempunyai pengertian yang cukup luas. Pendidikan bukan hanya merupakan proses belajar mengajar yang dibatasi oleh empat dinding, tetapi pendidikan adalah suatu proses, dimana manusia secara sadar menangkap, menyerap, dan menghayati peristiwa-peristiwa alam sepanjang zaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran psikologi spiritual dan pendidikan Islam, dalam mengatasi kecemasan disaat dan setelah wabah coronavirus covid 19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan, dengan jenis penelitian survei. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa, pertama, psikoterapi spiritual dan pendidikan Islam memiliki kelebihan dengan meningkatkan ketauhidan dan meningkatkan imun dalam tubuh, dengan lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Allah Swt, sehingga mampu membantu dalam mengatasi dan menghadapi gangguan kecemasan dalam diri masyarakat di saat dan setelah wabah. Kedua, mandi malam, solat taubat dan zikir pagi petang mampu mencegah, mengatasi, dan membantu masyarakat dalam menghadapi gangguan kecemasan akibat corona virus covid 19. Ketiga berbaik sangka, berikhtiar, dan banyak berdoa.Kata Kunci: Psikologi Spiritual, Pendidikan Islam, Axciety Disorder, Covid 19Berbagai keluhan masyarakat mengenai kecemasan akibat covid 19 mulai muncul ke permukaan, diikuti juga dengan gerakan solidaritas untuk memberikan bantuan dalam menghadapi dampak wabah covid 19. Dalam buku Mukadimmah karya Ibn Khaldun, pendidikan mempunyai pengertian yang cukup luas. Pendidikan bukan hanya merupakan proses belajar mengajar yang dibatasi oleh empat dinding, tetapi pendidikan adalah suatu proses, dimana manusia secara sadar menangkap, menyerap, dan menghayati peristiwa-peristiwa alam sepanjang zaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran psikologi spiritual dan pendidikan Islam, dalam mengatasi kecemasan disaat dan setelah wabah coronavirus covid 19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan, dengan jenis penelitian survei. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa, pertama, psikoterapi spiritual dan pendidikan Islam memiliki kelebihan dengan meningkatkan ketauhidan dan meningkatkan imun dalam tubuh, dengan lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Allah Swt, sehingga mampu membantu dalam mengatasi dan menghadapi gangguan kecemasan dalam diri masyarakat di saat dan setelah wabah. Kedua, mandi malam, solat taubat dan zikir pagi petang mampu mencegah, mengatasi, dan membantu masyarakat dalam menghadapi gangguan kecemasan akibat corona virus covid 19. Ketiga berbaik sangka, berikhtiar, dan banyak berdoa.Kata Kunci: Psikologi Spiritual, Pendidikan Islam, Axciety Disorder, Covid 19
Difficulties in conducting research with the use of virtual reality (VR)
Authors: JAKUBOWSKA LUBA , KAZIMIERSKA-ZAJĄC MAGDALENA
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Virtual reality is a technology which is increasingly more often used notonly by the entertainment industry, but also in education, medicine, trade, and tourism.Conducting research with the use of virtual reality is necessary in order to confi rm or disclaimits effectiveness as a tool in particular uses.The aim. The aim of this paper is to present and analyse the diffi culties which ariseduring research with the use of VR.Methods and materials. The authors have analysed the diffi culties mentioned by researchers,as well as those addressing their own experiences gained during research with theuse of VR.Conclusions. The diffi culties arising during the research testing the use of VR can bedivided into three groups. The fi rst group includes those connected with the research subjects.There are objections related to certain illnesses, what is more, some individuals mayfeel fear of new technologies or lack interest in them. The second group contains the problemsconnected with the features of the equipment. The cost, the space necessary to carryout the research, and the number of assistants required make it diffi cult to conduct researchon a large number of individuals at the same time, and to popularise the use of the equipment.That is why researchers often use one tool only while working with a number ofpeople, which leads to wear and tear of the equipment. There is still a shortage of softwaresolutions dedicated to therapists and educators. Researchers often use software designedfor entertainment. The third group of diffi culties is related to the persons carrying out theresearch. The researchers ought to receive suffi cient training, they may require help transportingthe equipment, and they cannot anticipate the reactions of the particular researchsubjects. When writing the article we have noticed yet another obstacle, which may proveimpossible to overcome in the near future. VR glasses are typically used by a number ofpeople, which may be a threat in the times of an epidemic.
Psychological approach to the novel Look at me, Klara
Authors: JAKUB MAJKOWSKI
Published: May 2020

Aim. The nomination for important literary prizes is not only a source of pride for thewriter, but also a special encouragement for the readers to get acquainted with the book.The author of the article, subject to this kind of persuasion, tries to get a thorough look atthe novel, especially in the psychological context.Look at me, Klara is a novel about fears and obsessions as well as involvement in toxicrelationships.The concepts discussed. The author of the article interprets the psychological motifs inthe novel based on Antoni Kępiński’s concept of fear (1987) and John Bowlby’s theory ofattachment (2000).Results and conclusions. The attitudes of the heroes of the novel can be identifi edin terms of their childhood experiences, which are unconscious reasons for current lifeproblems.
Establishment of the University System in France During the Reign of Napoleon I: Goals and the Results
Authors: Piskunova Elena
Published: May 2020

Introduction. In the Napoleonic era, political power set itself two tasks: to continue the traditions of the revolution in the formation of a new system of people and to make these changes correlate with the requirements of the new political system associated with the formation of the Empire. Historians have not paid enough attention to Napoleon’s educational policy and the relation of these events to his political goals. Analysis. The Great French Bourgeois Revolution completely destroyed the old educational system. All universities and academies were closed. Secondary and primary schools sought to eliminate the influence of the Church. The revolutionary government proclaimed an equal right for all citizens to receive education, and the goal of education was to form a new personality in the spirit of the Republican morality. The main problems were the lack of a unified structure and the lack of teaching staff. Only during the reign of Napoleon a coherent and effective system of education was created, which included the interrelated stages of primary, secondary and higher education, the top of which was the University. All educational institutions in France were subject to it. The goal of the University was not only to train teachers, but also to establish a new imperial ideology based on the idea of national unity. Though the creation of the educational system was certainly successful for Napoleon, his main function, according to the Emperor, was ideological education, and he could not implement it. Results. The Imperial University remained ideologically independent from the political system of the Empire, since a significant part of the teaching staff held liberal views and was in hidden opposition to the Napoleonic regime. However, the structure of education created in this era lasted until the end of the 19th century, which indicates its success in terms of organizational principles and practical implementation.
Fear in University Policy of the United States and the Soviet Union in Guatemala and Cuba
Authors: Tsvetkova Natalia , Tsvetkov Ivan
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The United States’ and Soviet Union’s respective Americanization and Sovietization of other countries’ universities during the Cold War were motivated by political fear.

Methods. While realism often accentuates political fear as a driver of hard-lined policy, this paper embraces cooperative policy of states changing their initial political goals in order to appease target states. The comparative analysis and system approach are applied in the research.

Analysis. Cases from Guatemala and Cuba make it evident that Washington and Moscow had to restrain and revise their projects at universities in order to maintain friendly political relations with the elite of their target governments. This paper explores the US policy at the University of San Carlos in Guatemala and the Soviet policy at the University of Havana in Cuba during the Cold War. The academic community’s resistance to and sabotage of the transformations of the universities’ national traditions and the fear that their strategic partners could interrupt the cooperation forced Washington and Moscow to curtail their Americanization and Sovietization. Local academics were able to abandon the superpowers’ projects and reforms. The University of San Carlos rejected the establishment of social extension projects and the revisions of various courses suggested by American experts, and the University of Havana rejected the introduction of ideology-oriented disciplines of the Soviet model.

Results. Political fear and the policy of appeasement led to neither the United States nor the USSR being able to achieve the Americanization or Sovietization of the target universities.
Disjoint Straight Lines or How the American University Model Works in China but Doesn’t Work in Russia
Authors: Kubyshkin Alexander
Published: May 2020

Introduction. It is well known that since the second half of the last century, national University systems have become powerful intellectual and ideological resources not only for leading countries, but also for countries with rapidly developing economies in various parts of the world.

Methods and materials. The author uses the systematic approach to the analysis of historical aspects of the development of university systems in Russia, the USA and China. The historical-comparative method allows to represent the general and the different in the dynamics of the development and strengthening of the positions of universities in the global educational space. The article uses official documents of the educational authorities of Russia, the USA and China, as well as studies of leading experts in the field of studying university education in these countries.

Analysis. The analysis of the relationship between universities in the United States, China, and Russia can serve as an interesting example of how their efforts to intensify economic and political development within the states themselves go far beyond national borders and become an important factor in the acute competition in the global educational market. The article considers the main aspects of the development of the university model and the dynamics of the social function of universities in Russia, the United States and China in the context of increasing competition in the world educational space and taking into account national specifics.

Results. The author notes that in spite of the common trends in historical developments of the university system in Russia, the USA and China, currently they propose different variants of competitions on the global educational market. It concerns not only different approaches to the global methodology of higher education institutions, but the great difference in cultural, social and political realities in these countries.
Alternative to the University: Academy’s College of Vladimir G. Orlov (1770)
Authors: Kostina Tatiana
Published: May 2020

Introduction. In the second half of the 1760s – the first half of the 1770s Ivan I. Betskoy implemented a far-reaching reform of Russian education. It appeared that the problems of two Russian universities had not been the key issues of the reform. Apparently, that was the reason why they were not previously considered as a part of the systemic all-European crisis in higher education, which had been caused by a need to secularize universities and inculcate national languages into them, as well as by the general development of sciences, especially physical and cameral ones.

Methods and materials. The article for the first time analyzes the model of the Academy’s College created at the Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1770 to replace the Academy’s university that had ceased to exist in 1767. Based on the “Privileges and Statute of the Saint Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences” (1770), the research proves that this document compiled by Vladimir G. Orlov was brought into action without any legislative approval.

Analysis. According to the Orlov’s Statute, Academy’s College appeared at the Academy to reproduce scientists who represented science, but not liberal arts which coincided with the new trend of the Academy of Sciences. It was arranged according to the model common to all education institutions reformed under Ivan I. Betskoy. After completing the main course of study, students were renamed as élèves and assigned to particular academicians for the improvement in science. At the same time, they attended public science courses, which corresponded to the university program in science and since then were allowed to read not only in Latin and Russian (as in the Statute of 1747), but also in new European languages.

Results. Hence, an alternative model of training scientific personnel, which meant a higher educational level, was created at the Academy of Sciences.
Efeitos da reabilitação pulmonar associada ao treino de equilíbrio em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica: revisão sistemática com metanálise
Authors: Pinto Adriana Paula Feitoza , Nunes Clarissa Rebeca Leite de Oliveira , Alencar Helen Barros de Oliveira , Colasso Janaina Tavares Barreto , Silva Guilherme
Published: May 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: O equilíbrio é um desfecho que vem sendo bastante estudado nos últimos anos em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), porém ainda não se sabe ao certo os efeitos da reabilitação pulmonar (RP) associada a um treino de equilíbrio (TE). OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da reabilitação pulmonar (RP) associada ao treino de equilíbrio em pacientes com DPOC por meio de uma revisão sistemática com metanálise. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um levantamento de artigos publicados em revistas indexadas entre os anos de 2013 e 2019 nas bases de dados: PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO e PEDro. As buscas foram conduzidas entre março e abril de 2020 e os descritores combinados foram: “pulmonary rehabilitation” OR “rehabilitation” AND “balance” OR “falls” OR “risk of falls” e suas respectivas traduções para o espanhol e português. RESULTADOS: Um total de 2052 estudos foram identificados, porém somente 4 cumpriram os critérios de elegibilidade. A pontuação da qualidade metodológica na escala PEDro variou entre 5 e 7 foi escores, o que demonstra um bom desenho metodológico. Dos 3 estudos selecionados, 2 realizaram treinamento de equilíbrio convencional (em solo envolvendo equilíbrio funcional, marcha e postura) e 1 utilizou equipamento específico (plataforma vibratória). O protocolo de intervenção teve duração entre 6 e 24 semanas, tempo médio diário entre 30 e 60 minutos e frequência semanal de 2 a 3 vezes. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados desta revisão sistemática com metanálise sugerem que a RP associada ao TE parece promover efeitos benéficos no equilíbrio funcional de pacientes com DPOC estáveis quando comparado a RP ambulatorial usual.
Interferência da dupla tarefa no desempenho da marcha em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson
Authors: De Araújo Felipe Roberto , S. de Araújo Denise , Lobo de Aguiar Gomes Camila , De Souza Medeiros Ana Loyse , Medeiros Gondim Afonson Luiz , Oliveira Cacho Roberta , Azevedo Cacho Enio Walker
Published: May 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: A realização de duas tarefas de forma simultânea exige a capacidade de concentrar atenção e executar duas tarefas ao mesmo tempo. Em indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson as interferências podem ser ainda maiores, visto que esses indivíduos necessitam de um grau maior de atenção apenas para executar uma tarefa única, como no caso, a marcha. OBJETIVO: Analisar a interferência da dupla tarefa na marcha de pacientes com DP. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional de caráter transversal, de natureza quantitativa. Cinco indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson, de ambos os sexos, participaram do grupo experimental; e cinco indivíduos saudáveis fizeram parte do grupo controle. Os participantes tiveram a marcha avaliada com e sem interferência cognitiva, utilizando: Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg; Índice Dinâmico da Marcha; teste de mobilidade funcional (Time Up and Go Test), Esteira Ergométrica e o Stroop Test adaptado para analfabetos. RESULTADOS: Quando comparados Grupo Experimental e Grupo Controle foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes nas condições de marcha com interferência de dupla tarefa (Dupla Tarefa Número e Dupla Tarefa Cor) nas variáveis de quantidade de acertos e amplitude de movimento. CONCLUSÃO: A dupla tarefa em pacientes com DP, interfere principalmente na função cognitiva, enquanto a função motora da marcha permanece parcialmente preservada.
Acropora DNA extraction with Qiagen DNeasy tissue kit v2
Authors: Baums Iliana , A Kitchen Sheila
Published: May 2020

DNA extraction protocol for Acropora or other coral tissue based on Qiagen DNAeasy kit. This extraction protocol works well for the Acropora SNPchip and other coral genotyping applications (such as microsatellite genotyping). It preferrentially extracts coral host DNA but some Symbiodiniacea DNA will be present.
Axenic Diatoms cultures protocol v5
Authors: Ferrante Mariella , Annunziata Rossella , Teresa Russo Monia , Manfellotto Francesco
Published: May 2020

Axenic cultures protocol Axenicity of cultures is obtained by multi-antibiotic treatment: by adding antibiotics directly to the medium in which the strain will be inoculated. After a variable amount of days we refresh the coltures with new medium.
Press Freedom and Corruption Perceptions: Is There a Reputational Premium?
Authors: Breen Michael , Gillanders Robert
Published: May 2020

Many studies find a strong association between press freedom and corruption perceptions (Adsera, Boix, & Payne, 2003; Brunetti & Weder, 2003; Freille, Haque, & Kneller, 2007). However, it is possible that this relationship is driven by experts’ belief that limits on press freedom are associated with corruption. This article tests the association between press freedom and corruption perceptions using objective measures of corruption from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys, a series of representative surveys of the owners and top managers of private firms in the manufacturing and service sectors. Our findings suggest that there is a reputational premium associated with press freedom: Holding corruption experiences constant, corruption perceptions are improved by greater press freedom. Moreover, we find that the developed world is best placed to avail of this premium, as it is most evident in countries with low to moderate levels of corruption by global standards.
Annual cycle of air temperature and indicators of thermal oceanicity of Ukrainian climate
Authors: Zatula Vasyl
Published: May 2020

Principles of constructing of indicators of thermal oceanicity of climate are considered. Some of them are statistically grounded to describe continentality or oceanicity of Ukrainian climate. Maps of the difference between the average temperatures of September and May, the annual air temperature range and their percentages over the territory of Ukraine as a particular index of oceanicity of climate are constructed. Effective models of multiple regression of the considered variables are constructed depending on the components of the geographical location. It was found that weather station altitudes reveal a significant effect only on the annual air temperature range. It was determined that the contribution of geographic longitude in the total variance of this variable is 44.2%, latitude – 37.4%, altitude – 18.4%. Two-factors regression models are constructed for other indices. They included only the geographical coordinates of weather stations. Determination coefficients of equations of multiple regression are in the range of 0.75-0.80. It was determined that all regressive models are statistically significant at the 1% significance level. It was established that the thermal influence of the Black and Azov seas on climate of Ukraine extends to about 47-48 parallels.
New Insights into Paleoseismic Age Models on the Northern San Andreas Fault: Charcoal Inbuilt Ages and Updated Earthquake Correlations
Authors: Streig Ashley R. , Weldon Ray J. , Biasi Glenn , Dawson Timothy E. , Gavin Daniel G. , Guilderson Tom P.
Published: May 2020

Dendrochronological age constraints at the Hazel Dell (HD) paleoseismic site provide a means to explore the potential for systematic bias in age estimates of earthquakes in forested settings including the Santa Cruz Mountains section of the San Andreas fault, California. Age constraints developed from detrital charcoal are compared with absolute dates from dendrochronology. We develop a new method for estimating inbuilt layer ages that makes use of more than just the youngest radiocarbon dates in a given layer. The improved age model relates likely layer deposition dates with observed C14 ages. We find that for HD, the most likely charcoal sample (mean) is ∼322  yr older than the actual age of the deposit that contains it. With this correction, two historical Bay area earthquakes are confirmed to have ruptured the surface in 1838 and 1890. Earlier work based on similar charcoal dates proposed these ruptures occurred in the mid-1700s or earlier, but historical ages of these events are unequivocal because they rupture layers containing wood chips and a redwood stump from European logging at the site. This charcoal correction method also shifts the fourth earthquake, which is constrained only by detrital charcoal, ∼300  yr younger to A.D. ∼1266. Considering the full site record at HD, recurrence of ground rupture has averaged ∼150  yr for the last four events, not ∼250  yr as inferred from unadjusted C14. Our research shows that reasonable estimates of inbuilt age can be made for charcoal-dominated paleoseismic sites and that correcting for the inbuilt age can make a significant difference for earthquake ages and potential correlations with other sites on the fault. We also examine other common inputs to Bayesian age models and find when adequate uncertainty is not incorporated, modeled ages may exclude the actual age of the event of interest.