bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Text Files Protection using Chaotic Logistic Keys
Authors: Alqadi Ziad
Published: November 2022

Text file some times contains secret or personal data which requires for protection from being hacked by unauthorized data hackers. In this research paper a simple, efficient and highly secure method of text file cryptography will be introduced. The text file will be divided into partitions with small sizes to increase the cryptography process throughput. Each partition will be encrypted-decrypted using its associated secret key. Each secret key will be generated from a chaotic logistic map by running a chaotic logistic map model with selected values of chaotic parameters. The chaotic keys will be converted to indices keys to form the secret keys. The secret keys will be used as a lockup tables to apply text file encryption-decryption. The characters of the text file will be rearranged based on the secret key indexes to form the encrypted text file. The characters of the encrypted file will be retrieved by the sequence of the indexes in the secret key. The contents of the decrypted file will be very sensitive to any changes in the chaotic parameters. The PK will have a complicated structure and it will contain the chaotic parameters values and the partition size. The partition size will be a percentage from the total text file size; this complicated structure will increase the key space, making it capable to resist any attack. The proposed method will be implemented using various in size text files, the obtained results will be analyzed to prove the quality, security and efficiency of the proposed method.
Cognitive Determinants of Health Information Seeking Behavior through Social Media Platforms among Malaysian Adults
Authors: Khairul Amin Khairul Hafidz Alkhair , Mohd Nazan Ahmad Iqmer Nashriq
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Health information-seeking behaviour is a process of gathering information for individuals to understand and cope with his/her health problems. Apart from the Internet or Web 1.0, Web 2.0 tools has been increasingly used as alternative to seek health information and one such tool is social media platform. This study aims to identify cognitive determinants of health information-seeking behaviour through social media platforms among Malaysian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study by means of convenience sampling was conducted during a nationwide pandemic lockdown. Cognitive determinants were defined as respondent’s perceived usefulness, perceived ease of user, perceived benefit, perceived costs, perceived behavioural control, and perceived risk towards social media use. Questionnaires were distributed via Google Form link to multiple social media platforms and cross-platform messaging app. Differences between group of sociodemographic factors and other independent variables were tested with nonparametric tests while multiple linear regression was employed to determine the significant predictors of the health information seeking behavior. Results: A total of 705 individuals responded to the survey invitation, the majority of which were females (65%), Malay (93.6%), married (52.1%), and received tertiary education (88.5%). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that perceived benefit (β= 0.612, 95% CI: 0.517-0.708, p<0.001), perceived usefulness (β= 0.653, 95% CI: 0.453-0.853, p<0.001), and perceived risk (β= 0.131, 95% CI: 0.03-0.259, p=0.044) significantly predict health information seeking behavior through social media platform. Conclusion: Our findings provide fundamental grounds for stakeholders to better understand and influence online behavior. Staying abreast of the current online trend is crucial as more people have begun to rely on social media for health information.
Analysis and Critique of “Zeno causality” in J. Hawthorne
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Berestov I
Published: November 2022

We intend to point out a flaw in J. Hawthorne’s method of overcoming the paradoxicality in gedanken experiments that have the form of J. Benardete’s Dichotomy. First, we will point out a way to change J. Hawthorne’s solution in such a way as to take into account E. V. Borisov’s criticism, and then we will give a counterexample showing the unacceptability of both J. Hawthorne’s original solution and the corrected solution. We come to the conclusion that there is still no universal way to solve paradoxes affined to J. Benardete’s Dichotomy.
Mongolian Migrants in the USA: Basic Socio-demographic Characteristics
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences, School of Arts and Humanities, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Vinokurova A , Aktamov I ,   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Orolmaa M ,   Social Research Institute, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Sanjaa M ,   National University of Mongolia, Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar
Published: November 2022

The article considers the main socio-demographic characteristics of Mongolian migrants living in the United States. The main indicators that determine the dynamics of their numbers in general, average age, education level, income level, poverty level are presented. The data of international and national statistics of the United Nations, the International Organization for Migration, the American Pew Research Center, the National Statistical Committee of Mongolia, etc. were used as the main research tools. In general, the United States is one of the most popular destination countries among Mongolian migrants. The main migration strategies of the Mongols in the U. S. are related to labor and educational migration
La argumentación dialógica durante la resolución colaborativa de problemas lógicos, en díadas de quinto y sexto grado
Authors: Castellaro Mariano , Peralta Nadia Soledad , Tuzinkievicz María Agustina , Curcio Juan Manuel
Published: November 2022

Desde una posición socioconstructivista, la argumentación constituye un proceso fundamentalmente dialógico e interactivo. Específicamente, es una manera de enfrentar el conflicto sociocognitivo, que requiere elaborar un discurso para fundamentar una posición, reconociendo las perspectivas ajenas y utilizándolas para evaluar la propia. El objetivo es analizar la argumentación dialógica infantil durante la resolución colaborativa de problemas lógicos, según la composición sociocognitiva de la díada, en estudiantes de quinto y sexto grado. Se comparó la argumentación dialógica en tres condiciones: simetría básica, simetría avanzada y asimetría. La tarea consistió en la resolución de ítems lógicos, cuya realización fue individual y diádica. El análisis se concentró en los problemas prototípicos de cada condición (simetría básica, simetría avanzada y asimetría), codificándose la modalidad de resolución (argumentativa, explicativa y no fundamentada) y, en los ítems argumentales, sub-codificando el tipo de desencadenante y tipo de fundamento aportado. También se consideró la calidad de la solución propuesta por la díada y el avance cognitivo individual. Los principales resultados sugieren: (a) la composición sociocognitiva afecta la modalidad de resolución del problema, siendo la simetría avanzada aquella mayormente vinculada con la argumentación; (b) el tipo de fundamento aportado durante las argumentaciones, pero no su desencadenante, varía según el tipo de díada; (c) la argumentación constituye la modalidad mayormente vinculada con la calidad del producto cognitivo diádico y el avance cognitivo individual. Los resultados son coherentes con los postulados centrales de la teoría del conflicto sociocognitivo y se discuten las implicancias del tipo de tarea.
COVID-19
Authors: Souza Elen Cristina Pereira , Vargas Gabriel Rodrigues , Lacerda Virgínia Mara Modesto da Silva , Machado Breno Falcão Miclos , Rabello Larissa dos Anjos , Santos Vitoria Isabela Vargas , Gomes Geovana Oliveira , Eliziario Manoela Herminia Rosa Borges , Souza Layza Martins , Lima Bárbara Rocha Lima , Lima Heloisa Ferreira
Published: November 2022

Introdução: Frente ao panorama pandêmico do Coronavírus, a sociedade como um todo teve que remodelar as suas vivências para se adaptar a essa nova realidade. Nesse contexto, as crianças e os adolescentes sofrem os impactos do isolamento social e da interação cibernética que se tornou massiva, refletindo negativamente na saúde mental e na psicomotricidade. Objetivo: Identificar, compreender e discutir os diversos impactos causados pela pandemia aliada ao contato crescente com o ambiente virtual na vivência psicossocial da parcela infantojuvenil. Metodologia: Utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica integrativa com buscas nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs, PubMed e Google Acadêmico direcionadas ao tema proposto. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de 222 artigos. Dos quais, 65 artigos pertenciam à base de dados PubMed, 19 artigos ao Scielo, 19 artigos ao Lilacs e 119 ao Google Acadêmico. Posteriormente à aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram removidos 192 artigos após a leitura de títulos e resumos. Assim sendo, selecionou-se ao todo 30 artigos para leitura integral, dos quais 20 foram incluídos neste estudo dada sua relevância. Conclusão: Apesar da escassa literatura, tornam-se nítidos os impactos negativos da pandemia por COVID-19 tanto na saúde mental - por meio do aumento de distúrbios psicológicos - quanto no desempenho psicomotor de crianças e adolescentes exemplificado -pela perda de hábitos ativos de integração entre corpo e mente - durante os períodos de isolamento. Ademais, maiores estudos precisam ser realizados a im de elencar evidências para reverter esse cenário negativo instaurado sob crianças e adolescentes que perdura até os dias atuais.
Diez millones de habitantes en El Salvador del año dos mil
Authors: El Editor
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 363-364, 1979: 8-16.
Recuperación de la universidad de El Salvador
Authors: I. E.
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 363-364, 1979: 58-59.
Veinte años de revolución Cubana
Authors: Almirante José Ramón
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 363-364, 1979: 67-69.
Vietnam-Camboya y la consolidación del bloque soviético en Indochina
Authors: E. J. C.
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 34, No. 363-364, 1979: 75-77.
Incidencia política de las sectas religiosas
Authors: Recio Adrados Juan Luis
Published: November 2022

El sorprendente crecimiento experimentado por las sectas ha transformado la demografía religiosa centroamericana. El fenómeno es síntoma de importantes cambios socioculturales que el presente artículo querría interpretar tomando como foco la dimensión política de los mismos. El trabajo se centra en El Salvador de la última década, con algunas referencias a Nicaragua y Guatemala, y su objetivo último es mostrar la correlación entre las dimensiones socioestructurales y simbólicas de los procesos que tienen lugar en el ámbito político y religioso.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 48, No. 531-532, 1993: 75-91.
Enero-febrero
Authors: El Editor
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes dispónibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 48, No. 531-532, 1993: 109-121.
Presentación
Authors: El Editor
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 48, No. 533, 1993: 153.
APLICAÇÃO DA TOXINA BOTULÍNICA PARA O AUMENTO DO VOLUME LABIAL: RELATO DE 6 CASOS
Authors: De Noronha Filho Oriental Luiz , Inácio Dayane Cristina , Azevedo Adolfo de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

A toxina botulínica tem sido utilizada para fins terapêuticos e estéticos romove a melhora nos sinais de envelhecimento, incluindo aumento do volume labial. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a alteração de forma e volume labial com aplicação da toxina botulínica. De acordo com a metodologia foram selecionadas seis pacientes, do gênero feminino, avaliadas por meio de um questionário. Após a higienização e técnica anestésica, realizou-se aplicação da toxina botulínica do tipo A. A avaliação dos resultados foi realizada através de fotografias tiradas antes e depois do procedimento, onde se notou um aumento na medida pós-procedimento imediato. Todas as pacientes relataram estar satisfeitas com o resultado e com a volumização labial. Em relação aos efeitos colaterais, nenhuma paciente apresentou dificuldade para falar; porém, duas apresentaram alguma dificuldade para comer nas primeiras duas semanas; e, quatro apresentaram dificuldade para sorrir. Embora a utilização da toxina botulínica do tipo A seja um procedimento conhecido e descrito na literatura, e frequentemente aplicada, não existem muitos estudos demonstrando as técnicas e os seus efeitos na região labial. Concluiu-se que em todas as pacientes que se submeteram à aplicação de toxina botulínica na região orbicular da boca, ocorreu uma elevação do lábio superior levando a um encurtamento do filtro e alongamento do vermelhão do lábio inferior, além da volumização e eversão. Assim, tem-se a toxina botulínica como importante aliada no tratamento da região labial, bem como um mockup para visualização dos efeitos de um preenchimento labial com ácido hialurônico.
PROFILAXIA DE ENXAQUECA E TOXINA BOTULÍNICA: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Rodrigues Neto Edilson Martins , Fraga Edmir Geraldo de Siqueira , Sousa Antônia Kelly Martins , Rodrigues Sarah Gabrielle Sousa de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de uma paciente tratada com toxina botulínica com finalidade estética que apresentou melhora clínica com espaçamentos dos episódios de enxaqueca e intensidade das crises. Relato de Caso Clínico: Paciente, gênero feminino, 27 anos, normosistêmica, procura atendimento apresentando como queixa principal “rugas de expressão” nas regiões de testa. Na execução de caso foram utilizadas 50UI de Toxina Onabotulínica A aplicadas de forma planejada nos músculos frontal, prócero e corrugador. Paciente sofre com enxaqueca com aura diagnosticada (CID10: G43.1) mas que só utiliza medicamentos de resgate (Dipirona + Ergotamina + Cafeína isolado ou em associação com ibuprofeno) nas crises que se apresentavam em média uma a duas vezes por mês (SIC).  Conclusão: O plano de tratamento proposto nesse caso, com a utilização da toxina botulínica tipo A, foi eficaz em conseguir tratar a queixa principal da paciente garantindo um relaxamento do complexo muscular do terço superior da face, favorecendo um aspecto mais jovem e feminino. Além do desfecho principal, o tratamento proposto oportunizou a paciente uma melhora na qualidade de vida por apresentar efeito profilático nas crises de enxaqueca, espaçando-as e diminuindo a utilização de medicamentos de abortamento de crise.
Pengelolaan Aplikasi Web E-Surat Dapat Meningkatkan Kinerja Pada RSUD Waluyo Jati Kraksaan
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto , Fatinah Izzeti
Published: November 2022

Mail management in an organization is important because it will support performance through information fluency, time efficiency, and labor efficiency, This study intends to find out how the management of e-mail Web applications improves performance at Waluyo Jati Kraksaan Hospital. The research used field research with qualitative descriptive methods, data sources from observation, and in-depth interviews with informants, Data credibility test using triangulation technique with relatively the same questions from at least three different sources, with data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions analysis techniques, The results obtained are that mail management via web e-mail, seen from the aspect of time and labor efficiency, can improve the performance of Waluyo Jati Kraksaan Hospital. Things that need attention for smooth work are the stability of the existing internet system and network.

Keywords: Keywords: Management, web e-mail, Application, Performance, and Hospital
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA SIPITUNG (AKSI PINTAR BERHITUNG) PADA MATERI PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN
Authors: Nurlatif Wahyuni
Published: November 2022

Artikel ini merupakan hasil pengembangan media pembelajaran Sipitung (aksi pintar berhitung) pada mata pelajaran matematika materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) karena produk yang dikembangkan adalah media pembelajaran yang berbentuk nyata bukan rekayasa perangkat lunak. Adapun model yang digunakan pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah model ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 tahapan, yaitu: analisi, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 15 siswa. Pada tahap analisis peneliti menganalisis kebutuhan berdasarkan observasi dan wawancara dengan guru mata pelajaran. Tahap perancangan adalah tahap dalam menentukan pemilihan bahan, penentuan desain, dan rancangan awal terhadap media pembelajaran Sipitung (aksi pintar berhitung) yang akan dibuat. Pengembangan yaitu tahap menguji kelayakan terhadap media Sipitung (aksi pintar berhitung) yang dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli desain diperoleh skor sebesar 98,3% dengan kualifikasi sangat layak. Tahap implementasi yaitu menguji kepraktisan terhadap media Sipitung (aksi pintar berhitung) dengan memberikan angket kepada guru matematika kelas 1 diperoleh skor 100% dan 15 siswa kelas 1 skor yang diperoleh sebesar 94,83% dengan kriteria sangat praktis untuk digunakan.Tahap terakhir adalah evaluasi yaitu melakukan uji keefektifan terhadap media Sipitung (aksi pintar berhitung) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata sebelum menggunakan media 56,33 dan setelah menggunakan media 90,33
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA POP UP BOOK PADA MATERI KEBERAGAMAN BUDAYA INDONESIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV MI NW BAGIK PAYUNG
Authors: Novi Sri Wahyuni
Published: November 2022

Permasalahan yang melatar belakangi penelitian ini terjadi pada proses pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan hasil belajar siswa masih di bawah kriteria ketuntasan minimum (KKM=75), dimana siswa yang mencapai KKM sebanyak 7 orang dari 16 siswa  (43%), mengalami  kesulitan dalam mengingat materi tentang keberagaman budaya Indonesia seperti keberagaman rumah adat,tarian tradisional, dan pakaian  adat, tidak menimbulkan minat belajar dan daya tarik siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran pop-up book, untuk menganalisis kelayakan media pembelajaran pop-up book yang dikembangkan, dan untuk mengetahui respon peserta didik dan tenaga pendidik terhadap media pembelajaran pop-up book yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah R&D dengan prosedural peneltian dan pengembangan dari Borg and Gall yang telah dimodifikasi oleh Sugiyono dengan langkah pengembangan, yaitu; (1) tahap potensi dan masalah dengan melakukan observasi, (2) tahap pengumpulan data dengan melakukan kegiatan penelitian, (3) desain media, (4) validasi media, (5) revisi media tahap I, (6) uji coba, dan (7) revisi media. Media pembelajaran pop-up book ini divalidasi oleh validator ahli media, serta di uji cobakan kepada pendidik dan peserta didik kelas IV MI NW Bagik Payung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat validitas produk pengembangan media pop up book  pada materi keberagaman budaya Indonesia menurut ahli media sebesar  94% dalam kategori Sangat Layak.  Penilaian respon pendidik dan peserta didik di MI NW Bagik Payung sebesar 100% dikategorikan Sangat Praktis. Serta IK (indikator keberhasilan) 87,5% dikategorikan Sangat Efektif. Siswa juga antusias saat mengikuti pembelajaran dan sangat senang saat diberikan media pembelajaran berupa media pop up book. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah media pop up book efektif dan layak digunakan pada materi keberagaman budaya Indonesia kelas IV SD/MI. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya yaitu sebaiknya mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang lebih menarik untuk membantu peserta didik belajar dan menyempurnakan produk hingga kesampai produk massal
Convective Organization and 3D Structure of Tropical Cloud Systems deduced from Synergistic A-Train Observations and Machine Learning
Authors: Stubenrauch Claudia J. , Mandorli Giulio , Lemaitre Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We are building a 3D description of upper tropospheric (UT) cloud systems in order to study the relation between convection and cirrus anvils. For this purpose we used cloud data from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Inferometer and atmospheric and surface properties from the meteorological reanalyses ERA-Interim and machine learning techniques. The different artificial neural network models were trained on collocated radar – lidar data from the A-Train in order to add cloud top height, cloud vertical extent, cloud layering, as well as a rain intensity classification (no, light or heavy) to other variables describing the UT cloud systems. The rain intensity classification has an accuracy of about 65 to 70 % and allows to build objects of strong precipitation, used to identify convective organization. This classification is more efficient to detect large latent heating compared to cold cloud temperature. The cloud system concept allows a process-oriented evaluation of parameterizations in climate models. In agreement with earlier studies, we found that the rain intensity is maximum after the first development of anvils and that deeper convection leads to larger heavy rain areas and a larger detrainment. Finally we have shown the usefulness of our data to investigate tropical convective organization. A comparison of different tropical convective organization indices and proxies to define convective areas has revealed that all indices show a similar annual cycle in convective organization, in phase with the one of convective core height, anvil vertical extent, and horizontal detrainment of the mesoscale convective systems and in opposite phase with the one of the ratio of thin cirrus over total anvil size. Differences can be understood by seasonal cycles of size and number of areas in phase for intense precipitation and opposite phase for cold clouds as proxies. The geographical patterns and magnitudes in radiative heating rate inter-annual changes with respect to one specific convective organization index (Iorg) for the period 2008 to 2018 are similar for both proxies, but slightly larger for rain intensity, and they are similar to the ones related to the El Niño Southern Oscillation. However, the time series of the inter-annual anomalies of convective organization depend on the convective organization index.
Survival probability of new atmospheric particles: closure between theory and measurements from 1.4 to 100 nm
Authors: Cai Runlong , Deng Chenjuan , Stolzenburg Dominik , Li Chenxi , Guo Junchen , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Jiang Jingkun , Kulmala Markku , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The survival probability of freshly nucleated particles
governs the influences of new particle formation (NPF) on atmospheric
environments and the climate. It characterizes the probability of a particle
avoiding being scavenged by the coagulation with pre-existing particles and
other scavenging processes before the particle successfully grows up to a
certain diameter. Despite its importance, measuring the survival probability
has been challenging, which limits the knowledge of particle survival in the
atmosphere and results in large uncertainties in predicting the influences
of NPF. Here we report the proper methods to retrieve particle survival
probability using the measured aerosol size distributions. Using diverse
aerosol size distributions from urban Beijing, the Finnish boreal forest, a
chamber experiment, and aerosol kinetic simulations, we demonstrate that
each method is valid for a different type of aerosol size distribution,
whereas misapplying the conventional methods to banana-type NPF events may
underestimate the survival probability. Using these methods, we investigate
the consistency between the measured survival probability of new particles
and the theoretical survival probability against coagulation scavenging
predicted using the measured growth rate and coagulation sink. With
case-by-case and time- and size-resolved analysis of long-term measurement
data from urban Beijing, we find that although both the measured and
theoretical survival probabilities are sensitive to uncertainties and
variations, they are, on average, consistent with each other for new
particles growing from 1.4 (the cluster size) to 100 nm.
Marked observed interannual differences in the vegetation response to the trend towards a warmer and wetter climate in northwest China
Authors: Zheng Shijun , Peng Dailiang , Zhang Bing , Pan Yuhao , Yu Le , Wang Yan , Feng Xuxiang , Dou Changyong
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Located in the interior of Eurasia and to the north of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, the Northwest China experiences severe drought conditions as moist air from the ocean is unable to travel the long distance and penetrate the region’s mountain barriers. These special geo-climatic conditions result in Northwest China being highly sensitive to climate change. In this study, the characteristics of the response of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to the trend towards a warmer and wetter climate in Northern China from 1982 to 2019 were investigated. The results show that there were significant differences between these trends for the periods 1982–2000 and 2000–2019, with overall precipitation decreasing before 2000 but increasing afterwards. After 2000, the rate of temperature increase also slowed down, whereas the NDVI increased at an obviously faster rate. Compared with the period 1982–2000, during the period 2000–2019, the NDVI was more affected by precipitation than by the temperature. The results of a normalized linear regression also show that, for most vegetation types, the temperature played a more dominant role during the period 1982–2000, whereas precipitation had a more significant effect on the NDVI during the period 2000–2019. However, it was also found that, throughout the study period, the precipitation had a greater impact on forest NDVI and the temperature had a greater impact on the NDVI in areas of bare land. In addition, the results show that the strength of the relationship between the NDVI and climate in northwest China changed over time, with the relationship between NDVI and precipitation tending to become stronger and the relationship between NDVI and temperature tending to become weaker. The results will provide a new understanding of the relationship between vegetation and climate in northwest China and help to better cope with the risks brought by climate change.
The counter-intuitive link between European heatwaves and atmospheric persistence
Authors: Holmberg Emma , Messori Gabriele , Caballero Rodrigo , Faranda Davide
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Warm temperature extremes can lead to devastating societal impacts, thus, the ability to understand and predict these events is vital to minimising their potential impact on society. We investigate the link between warm temperature extremes in Europe and anomalously persistent atmospheric circulation patterns for both winter and summer, along with some possible driving mechanisms. We assess atmospheric persistence leveraging concepts from dynamical systems theory, with this more mathematical approach being reconciled with the conventional meteorological view of persistence. We find that wintertime warm spells are typically associated with persistent zonal advection. Contrary to intuition, we find neither evidence of a link to anomalously persistent circulation patterns, nor a strong signal for warm temperature advection for summertime heatwaves. We thus argue that atmospheric persistence is not a necessary requirement for summertime heatwaves, and that local effects could play a much more important role than large-scale warm temperature advection for these events.
Study of Safety and Effectiveness of Levodopa in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Ali Bayan , Fadel Emad , Basilim Hani , Alsaeidi Omar , Baraja Mervat , Albishi Bandari , Radi Zahra Al , Assiri Mohammed , Abusaif Mooza , Aldebasi Iman , Harshan Fahad , Alsalem Bayader
Published: November 2022

Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world. Although there are no treatments that can inhibit the neurodegenerative process itself, symptomatic treatments can enhance patients' quality of life. Dopamine replacement or augmentation treatments can partially or totally restore the dopaminergic neuronal degeneration that characterizes Parkinson's disease. Physicians most usually prescribe Levodopa, which is still the most potent oral dopaminergic medicine for Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about study of safety and effectiveness of levodopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Levodopa is the gold standard for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease since it is safe, effective and well tolerated among patients. It has been established that during the past 50 years the majority of Parkinson's symptoms improve in the average levodopa treated patient, most likely due to the striatal conversion of this amino acid into dopamine. Levodopa lessens morbidity and mortality, improves function and quality of life, and therefore lowers individual and community expenses. Levodopa, on the other hand, has a short half-life and is rapidly metabolized in the plasma, which results in variances, such as the wearing-off of action and uneven symptom relief as well as the onset of dyskinesias, both of which worsen as the disease progresses. Levodopa is often prescribed with other medications including carbidopa, pramipexole and others to lessen the side effects associated, further clinical research however can assist in developing strategies to make levodopa safer in long term use.
Identification, Prevention and Management of Malnutrition in the Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Aboshoushah Enass , Albarakati Jumanah , Almajayishi Faisal , AlHamar Fatimah , Alghamdi Saeed , Jarad Jumanah , Binladin Salman , Alotaibi Sultan , Al Brahim Mustafa , Al Safwan Abdulaziz , Adam Maryam , Alzamzami Bayan
Published: November 2022

Proper nutrition is essential for enhancing healthcare outcomes. Elevated rates of malnutrition are present in hospitalized patients. Malnutrition and unmet nutritional needs increase morbidity and mortality, lower quality of life, lengthen the time spent on mechanical ventilation, and lengthen hospital stays, all of which raise the expense of medical treatment. Patients who are critically ill need specific care to minimize muscle wasting, avoid overfeeding, and prevent complications from nutritional therapy. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about identification, prevention, and management of malnutrition in the critically ill patients. To identify patients who are more likely to experience complications from malnutrition, nutritional status is evaluated. Various assessment methods and tools are present to identify malnutrition in critically ill patients. Effective targeting of appropriate nutrient levels, and prompt initiation of nutritional support, among other measures can reduce the risk of malnutrition. Ideally, enteral nutrition should be started after initial 24 to 48 hours. Parenteral nutrition may be employed if the nutritional need is not properly supplied by enteral nutrition even after seven days following intensive care admission. In patients receiving nutrition therapy, electrolytes should be carefully assessed. Even if 50% to 60% of nutritional requirements are not successfully met during 72 hours of oral nutrition support then tube feeding should be considered. Further clinical research can be beneficial in determining the effectiveness and outcomes of nutritional therapy in malnourished critically ill patients.
Anatomical Features and Pathologies in Orthopantomogram
Authors: Sawas Mohamed , Alqasoumi Omar , Alesawi Laila , Alaqeeli Monirah , Naser Ali , Aldowian Mohammed , Alkhamjani Anbarah , Rawah Shahad , Alanazi Fahad , Alshahrani Roba , Alahmadi Shoroug
Published: November 2022

One of the most commonly utilized plain film tomographic scans is the orthopantomogram. Dentists frequently request an OPG as a screening tool. Due to its accurate depiction of the jaws and entire dentition, it is also a powerful diagnostic instrument for determining pathology such as dental disease, cysts, maxillofacial trauma, and dental emergencies. For patients of pediatric age and adults, the examination of the masticatory normal anatomy during OPG differs. The adult tooth's radiographic anatomy, which is accessible by OPT, lacks the same level of granularity as the radiographic anatomy assessed by intraoral radiographs. Even though resolution is not as precise as intra-oral radiographs for the examination of the teeth, major alterations in the calcification of the tooth structure and alterations in the maxillary and mandibular ossifications can help identify dental disease, like caries (decay), periodontal bone resorption, abscessual lesions and cyst formation. The main anatomical characteristics of an OPG are described in this article, along with some typical pathologies that might be present. Unless a methodical technique is adopted to explore the structures present, the viewer may find the vast amount of data visible on an OPG to be overwhelming. As the mandibular plane and dentition are distorted due to straightening of the curve, the observer is presented with a broader view of these structures but requires them to be reinterpreted to enable the observer to fully appreciate the image in three dimensions.
Root Morphology of Mandibular Anterior Teeth in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almatrafi Abdulaziz , Alshahrani Khalid , Alhazmi Ammar , Abdelghany Wahdan
Published: November 2022

Background: Root canal morphology is of utmost importance to the success of root canal treatment. The present study aim is to determine the variation in root canal morphology of the mandibular anterior permanent teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a Saudi population in Mecca. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted using CBCT images of 388 patients. Patients were included according to a specific criterion to evaluate the number of canals and their configuration according to the Vertucci's classification. Results: The prevalence of the second canal of mandibular canine was 11% (11.3 in male and 10.7 in female), for mandibular lateral incisor was 22.3% (28.5 for male and 16.7 for female) and mandibular central incisor represented 21% (22% for male 20.1% for female). These differences were non-significant for canine and central incisor but was significant for lateral incisor (p=0.028). There were no significant differences regarding teeth position. According to Vertucci’s classification, type I was the most prevalent followed by type III, II and V for lateral and central incisors while type III, V and II were most prevalent in canines. There were statistically significant differences between male and female for lateral and central incisors morphology (p=0.003 and p=0.013, respectively) while the difference was non-significant for canine (p=0303). Conclusion: Type I Vertucci’s classification was the most common configuration in all mandibular anterior teeth. The presence of second canal is more prevalent in mandibular lateral and central incisors and the morphology of their root canals is significantly different between males and females.
Role of Ferritin in Immunity, Inflammation and Malignancy
Authors: Alsyamy Amaar , Alomran Hassan , Almakrami Nasser , Nasif Ahmed Al , Alomran Ali , Alaidarous Hussain , Atallah Hussam , Boudal Ehdaa , Almubarak Lama , Alhelali Aasim , Alghamdi Amany
Published: November 2022

Since it has been used as the principal iron storage protein in cells for over 70 years, ferritin has been the subject of ongoing research. Recently the multifunctional role of ferritin protein has been observed with potential involvement in proliferation, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and iron transport, as per several studies and evidence. Ferritin may promote tumour growth, promote angiogenesis, and suppress the immune system of the host. A higher ferritin level in cancer cells is linked to disease progression, therapy resistance, and a worse prognosis. Additionally, certain cancer cells have the ability to generate ferritin, which allows them to be partially independent of external iron supplies, or they can rob iron from nearby cells and tissues and retain it as ferritin to maintain their accelerated multiplication. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about the role of ferritin in immunity, inflammation and malignancy. Elevated ferritin levels are among the significant factors affecting defence mechanism during infection, which deprive bacterial growth of iron and safeguard immune cell function. Additionally, it might be protective by reducing free radical generation and regulating immunomodulation. With levels that reflect the severity of acute and chronic inflammation in infectious, rheumatologic, hematologic, and neoplastic disease, serum ferritin is a well-known acute-phase reactant. While it is well established that ferritin levels and inflammatory activity are correlated, and ferritin has a direct causative role in mediating inflammatory diseases. However further research is needed to elaborately study the role and mechanism of ferratin in inflammation, immunity and malignancy.
Role of Albumin in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Indications, Side-Effects and Outcome
Authors: Alsyamy Amaar , Alsalman Ahmed , Alrehaili Sahar , Almalki Abdullah , Alqarni Hussain , Dahlawi Maram , Barasain Abeer , Saleh Feras , Alsaedi Ammar , Alenezi Mohammed , AlHawsawi Zeinab , Rambo Amro
Published: November 2022

The most prevalent bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and ascites have an incidence that ranges between 10% and 30%, making it one of their primary complications. Since it may lead to kidney failure, hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding, hypervolemic hyponatremia, the development of acute or chronic liver failure, systemic sepsis, so the outcomes in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are poor. Early antibiotic treatment is essential for bacterial spontaneous peritonitis. It is advised to utilize albumin in addition to antibiotics for some high-risk patients who have spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about the role of albumin in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: indications, side-effects and outcome. Albumin is a plasma volume expander and is responsible for decreasing inflammatory response mediators such nitric oxide and the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 because of this property it has a beneficial role in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Intravenous albumin administration has also been demonstrated to enhance systemic hemodynamic and renal function among spontaneous bacterial peritonitis patients. This effect is mediated by both an increase in cardiac function and a decrease in arterial vasodilatation Albumin along with the antibiotics is safe and effective in management of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. It reduces the risk of renal complications and mortality. Although further research for standardizing the dosage and duration of albumin is needed.
Epidemiologia do Trauma Raquimedular nas Emergências
Authors: Brangioni Marina Stancoloviche Veiga , Reis Maryvânsley Nunes de Sá
Published: November 2022

Objetivou-se analisar as evidências científicas sobre a epidemiologia do trauma raquimedular nas emergências, contribuindo para o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas realizadas nas bases de dados da BVS, Google Acadêmico e PubMed, por meio de Descritores em Ciência da Saúde, combinados entre si pelo operador booleano AND. Foram incluídos estudos em português, inglês e espanhol, publicados entre 2018 e 2022, com filtro de base de dados LILACS, BDEnf-Enfermagem e MedLine; e excluídos teses, monografias e estudos duplicados, restando 16 artigos para análise. A epidemiologia do trauma raquimedular foi evidenciada por preponderância no sexo masculino, mais frequente entre jovens e idosos, com baixa escolaridade e condições econômicas, etiologia principal acidentes automobilísticos e comprometimento neurológico variável. Conclui-se que o processo epidemiológico no traumatismo raquimedular ocorre com mais frequência entre jovens e idosos do gênero masculino, com baixa escolaridade e condição social. A principal etiologia são os acidentes envolvendo carro e moto e o segmento mais acometido foi o cervical.
Willis couplings in one-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional acoustic systems
Authors: Groby Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2022

Since the seminal work of Willis in the 80’s, the eponymous materials have received an increasing attention, because of their analogy with bi-isotropic/anisotropic electromagnetic metamaterials. The Willis coupling parameters couple the potential and kinetic energy in the acoustic conservation relations, therefore enhancing the ability to control waves in metamaterials compared to other materials that do not exhibit such coupling. In this talk, I will present a general method to derive the closed form expressions of the effective properties, including the Willis coupling, of asymmetric and nonreciprocal one dimensional acoustic systems. This method relies on the Pade’s approximation of the matrix exponential, the latter being nothing but the transfer matrix that may relate the state vectors at both sides of a unit cell. The effective properties of various one-dimensional asymmetric resonant systems are first derived, numerically and experimentally validated, and analyzed. The nonlocal feature of the Willis coupling is then investigated in a simple fluid laminate system. The asymmetric and nonreciprocal Willis couplings are finally analytically derived and discussed in a system constituted of a periodic arrangement of thermoacoustic amplifiers.
Adoption of LMS Moodle Tools in Student Learning – in Line with Teaching Practices
Authors:   University of Economics – Varna, Blagoeva-Karamfilova Silviya , Parusheva Silvia ,   University of Economics – Varna
Published: November 2022

The education of students in an online-based environment in the conditions of a pandemic leads to an intensification of the use of Learning Management Systems (LMS) by higher education institutions (HEIs). In the study, a survey of the higher schools in Bulgaria, educating students mainly in the field of social, economic, and legal sciences, was made. Based on a survey of a sample of 14 universities that educate more than 1000 students in the specified field, it was found that over 92% of them use the Moodle e-platform. The results of a survey of the opinion of distance learning lecturers at University of Economics – Varna (UE – Varna) for the last three academic years allows for a detailed analysis of the use of Moodle tools and the identification of certain trends caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: coincidence in the five most used by teachers instruments for the three years of the period; some tools have been removed due to low usage, while others have seen an increase in usability (uploading multimedia presentations, URL module and electronic tests), some gamification-related tools have been added that are considered to have good potential for increasing students’ motivation and engagement in learning.
Estrategia empresarial de cuatro pequeñas cooperativas agropecuarias chilenas para el desarrollo rural
Authors: Fernandes Juana Angélica Felipe , Silva Lígia De Nazaré Aguiar
Published: November 2022

O desenvolvimento econômico e as suas desigualdades promoveram as empresas de economia social (EES), onde se destacam as cooperativas, sendo as agrícolas e camponesas responsáveis por 28% destas entidades no Chile e 52% na XIV Região, que, em geral, são de pequeno tamanho. Neste sentido, se analisa a construção e estabelecimento da estratégia empresarial de quatro pequenas cooperativas agropecuárias da XIV Região chilena para competir e manter a sustentabilidade dos pequenos produtores no meio rural. Para tal, adotou-se a abordagem metodológica qualitativa, utilizando a revisão documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas para a coleta e análise de dados. Os resultados mostram que a estratégia é construída por gestores sem experiência prévia ou formação em cooperativismo ou administração, e relaciona-se de forma diferente com o tipo de serviço prestado pelas entidades em estudo, indicando a necessidade de reforçar o capital humano e social das cooperativas, o conhecimento da rede de oportunidades em projetos do governo, ademais de incorporar e amadurecer as estratégias atuais, para promover o desenvolvimento de pequenas atividades agrícolas e a sustentabilidade no meio rural.
Expediente
Authors: Masthead Journal
Published: November 2022

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN FROM RAW SHRIMP SHELL WASTE
Authors: Paul Tonmoy , Nahid Farzana , Haque Md Mahbubul , Karim Md Ifat-al-
Published: November 2022

Chitosan is a polysaccharide that is completely natural, non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable. Various commercial and biomedical applications exist for chitosan. The objective of this research was to synthesis chitosan nanopowders and then characterizes them. Waste shrimp shell is employed in this study as the starting point for the production of chitosan. Through the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the structural and chemical characteristics of the nanopowders have been explored. The examination of the thermal stability of synthesized chitosan performed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The present study revealed that chitosan nanopowders were successfully synthesized by chemical method with minor modification. The XRD study showed two characteristics crystalline peaks approximately at 2θ = 9.63° and 19.93° which is similar to the previous papers. Therefore, it can be said that chitosan nanopowders were successfully synthesized.
EFFECT OF SALINITY ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF AEGICERAS CORNICULATUM (L.) BLANCO
Authors: Hoque A.K. Fazlul , Hossain Imam , Limon Sharif Hasan Limon , Khairuzzaman Md.
Published: November 2022

Aegiceras corniculatum is an important mangrove in the old world, as well as in Bangladesh. The species is considered suitable for rehabilitating degraded mangrove, and has potential for apiculture and wastewater treatment. As salinity is a critical factor for the development of mangroves, salt (NaCl) tolerance of the species was investigated in hydroponic culture. This reveled that salinity had significantly negative impact on the germination of A. corniculatum propagules (p=0.00) but not on the seedling growth (p>0.05). However, lower salinities appeared to enhance seedling growth.