bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent Cooling in Photoionized Plasma
Authors: Gnat Orly
Published: February 2017

I explore the thermal evolution and ionization states in gas cooling from an initially hot state in the presence of external photoionizing radiation. I compute the equilibrium and nonequilibrium cooling efficiencies, heating rates, and ion fractions for low-density gas cooling while exposed to the ionizing metagalactic background radiation at various redshifts (z = 0 − 3), for a range of temperatures (108–104 K), densities (10−7–103 cm−3), and metallicities (10−3–2 times solar). The results indicate the existence of a threshold ionization parameter, above which the cooling efficiencies are very close to those in photoionization equilibrium (so that departures from equilibrium may be neglected), and below which the cooling efficiencies resemble those in collisional time-dependent gas cooling with no external radiation (and are thus independent of density).
Astrochemical Properties of Planck Cold Clumps
Authors: Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Liu Tie , Ohashi Satoshi , Sanhueza Patricio , Nguyễn Lu’o’ng Quang , Hirota Tomoya , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Hirano Naomi , Choi Minho , Kang Miju , A.Thompson Mark , Fuller Gary , Wu Yuefang , Li Di , Francesco James Di , Kim Kee-Tae , Wang Ke , Ristorcelli Isabelle , Juvela Mika , Shinnaga Hiroko , Cunningham Maria , Saito Masao , Lee Jeong-Eun , Tóth L. Viktor , He Jinhua , Sakai Takeshi , Kim Jungha ,   (JCMT Large Program “SCOPE” collaboration),   (TRAO Key Science Program “TOP” collaboration)
Published: February 2017

We observed 13 Planck cold clumps with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope/SCUBA-2 and with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope. The N2H+ distribution obtained with the Nobeyama telescope is quite similar to SCUBA-2 dust distribution. The 82 GHz HC3N, 82 GHz CCS, and 94 GHz CCS emission are often distributed differently with respect to the N2H+ emission. The CCS emission, which is known to be abundant in starless molecular cloud cores, is often very clumpy in the observed targets. We made deep single-pointing observations in DNC, HN13C, N2D+, and cyclic-C3H2 toward nine clumps. The detection rate of N2D+ is 50%. Furthermore, we observed the NH3 emission toward 15 Planck cold clumps to estimate the kinetic temperature, and confirmed that most targets are cold (≲20 K). In two of the starless clumps we observed, the CCS emission is distributed as it surrounds the N2H+ core (chemically evolved gas), which resembles the case of L1544, a prestellar core showing collapse. In addition, we detected both DNC and N2D+. These two clumps are most likely on the verge of star formation. We introduce the chemical evolution factor (CEF) for starless cores to describe the chemical evolutionary stage, and analyze the observed Planck cold clumps.
Challenges to Constraining Exoplanet Masses via Transmission Spectroscopy
Authors: Batalha Natasha E. , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Mbarek Rostom
Published: February 2017

MassSpec, a method for determining the mass of a transiting exoplanet from its transmission spectrum alone, was proposed by de Wit & Seager. The premise of this method relies on the planet’s surface gravity being extracted from the transmission spectrum via its effect on the atmospheric scale height, which in turn determines the strength of absorption features. Here, we further explore the applicability of MassSpec to low-mass exoplanets—specifically those in the super-Earth size range for which radial velocity determinations of the planetary mass can be extremely challenging and resource intensive. Determining the masses of these planets is of the utmost importance because their nature is otherwise highly unconstrained. Without knowledge of the mass, these planets could be rocky, icy, or gas-dominated. To investigate the effects of planetary mass on transmission spectra, we present simulated observations of super-Earths with atmospheres made up of mixtures of H2O and H2, both with and without clouds. We model their transmission spectra and run simulations of each planet as it would be observed with James Webb Space Telescope using the NIRISS, NIRSpec, and MIRI instruments. We find that significant degeneracies exist between transmission spectra of planets with different masses and compositions, making it impossible to unambiguously determine the planet’s mass in many cases.
Cartograms tool to represent spatial uncertainty in species distribution
Authors: Rocchini Duccio , Garzon-Lopez Carol X
Published: February 2017

Species distribution models have become an important tool for biodiversity monitoring. Like all statistical modelling techniques developed based on field data, they are prone to uncertainty due to bias in the sampling (e.g. identification, effort, detectability). In this study, we explicitly quantify and map the uncertainty derived from sampling effort bias. With that aim, we extracted data from the widely used GBIF dataset to map this semantic bias using cartograms.
L’amirauté de Dunkerque : Personnel, comptes et archives (1671-1791)
Authors: Pfister-Langanay Christian
Published: February 2017

Recréée en 1671, l’amirauté de Dunkerque prend une importance exceptionnelle dès son rétablissement quand la cité devient, pour un siècle, le premier port corsaire du royaume. Son histoire est des plus compliquée à reconstituer dans la mesure où le tri de ses archives en 1869 aboutit à trois catastrophes : le pilonnage de près de mille cartons et registres, l’envoi aux Archives Nationales de 223 autres dossiers maintenant dispersés dans diverses sous-séries et enfin l’incendie du fonds subsistant à Dunkerque en 1929. Le but de cet article est de dresser un état des lieux permettant au chercheur de se repérer dans tous les membra disjecta survivants, d’où la création d’une prosopographie élémentaire du personnel ainsi que d’un inventaire précis des registres subsistants. Il sera ainsi possible de reprendre à nouveaux frais l’histoire maritime de Dunkerque qui, pour l’instant, s’écrit toujours sur les mêmes documents.
Un établissement hospitalier au siècle des Lumières : l’hôpital général de la Charité de Dunkerque (1737-1790)
Authors: Ryckebusch Olivier
Published: February 2017

Dans les provinces du nord, au dernier siècle de l’Ancien Régime, la question de la pauvreté prend une dimension nationale. Au début du xviii e siècle, le problème devient incontournable pour le pouvoir central dans ces régions. La nécessité d’agir et de réformer le système hospitalier s’impose sous la pression d’une mendicité croissante et des déficits des petites institutions héritières d’une tradition de secours dans les Pays-Bas Espagnols, tardivement français. À partir des années 1740-1780, la poussée démographique, la fluctuation des prix des céréales et du chômage incitent les autorités locales à se tourner vers l’exemple français des hôpitaux généraux. C’est Dunkerque qui ouvre la série des fondations grâce à des lettres patentes délivrées dès 1737.
Méditation assise : penser au sans penser.
Authors: Andrei Laurentiu
Published: February 2017

Le moine japonais Dōgen Kigen (1200-1253) voit dans la méditation assise ( zazen ) l’essence de ce que le sanscrit appelle dhyāna et le japonais zen. La pratique de cette méditation repose sur des règles commandant précisément la manière de s’assoir en vue de « penser au sans penser ». On y a souvent vu un amoralisme, un anti-intellectualisme ou un quiétisme. Mais la consigne de ne penser ni au bien ni au mal n’est pas un amoralisme. Penser au sans penser n’est pas un anti-intellectualisme. Il s’agit de surmonter au sein de la pratique toute attitude dualiste à l’égard de soi et du monde, par un véritable exercice spirituel qui implique tout autant le corps que l’esprit.
Pathologie du soi chez le schizophrène
Authors: Kimura Bin
Published: February 2017

La « philosophie clinique » conduit à voir dans la schizophrénie une crise du principe d’individuation. Le psychiatre la perçoit « par le sentiment » ; elle concerne le rapport du soi au non-soi. Cette perspective a été élaborée de diverses manières en psychiatrie, mais elle s’éclaire philosophiquement grâce à des auteurs comme Kierkegaard, Nishida, Weizsäcker et Ricœur, lesquels permettent d’introduire des notions comme l’auto-éveil et la relation à autrui.
Sur les indéfinis singuliers génériques en français et en serbe
Authors: Stanojević Veran , Đurić Ljubica
Published: February 2017

Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons aux phrases génériques du français et du serbe dont le sujet est un syntagme nominal indéfini singulier ( un N  /  jedan N ). En adoptant l’analyse des indéfinis singuliers génériques en termes de points de vue (Mari, 2008a, 2008b, 2011), nous étudions les contraintes qui pèsent sur l’emploi des indéfinis avec jedan en position de sujet en serbe en les comparant au français. Nous constatons que le point de vue dit des « normes sociales » joue un rôle essentiel dans le choix du déterminant jedan en serbe, alors qu’en français tous les points de vue rendent possible l’emploi de l’article indéfini.
Hubert Curien, directeur(s) du CNRS
Authors: Guthleben Denis
Published: February 2017

Entre 1966 et 1973, Hubert Curien a exercé successivement les fonctions de directeur scientifique pour la physique puis de directeur général du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. Ces sept années passées à la tête de l’établissement apparaissent autant formatrices que révélatrices des qualités qu’il montrera par la suite, de la Délégation générale à la recherche scientifique et technique dans les années soixante-dix au ministère de la Recherche dans les années quatre-vingt et quatre-vingt-dix.
Hubert Curien et le partage de la science
Authors: Ferriot Dominique
Published: February 2017

Hubert Curien développe, dès l’enfance, une culture de l’observation qui contribue à l’éveil de sa vocation scientifique. Physicien, enseignant, il sait faire partager son goût des sciences et sa conviction que la recherche doit être l’affaire de tous. Au CNRS puis à la DGRST Hubert Curien promeut une politique éditoriale et la création de lieux de partage des savoirs qui, bientôt, irrigueront le territoire national. Ministre, il lance un programme mobilisateur pour la culture scientifique et technique avec des actions novatrices en direction de la jeunesse et des entreprises. Défenseur d’une francophonie bien comprise, Hubert Curien soutient une littérature scientifique de qualité pour les étudiants comme pour un public plus large.
Securing Financial XML Transactions Using Intelligent Fuzzy Classification Techniques
Authors: Ammari Faisal Tawfiq , Lu Joan
Published: February 2017

The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has been widely adopted in many financial institutions in their daily transactions. This adoption was due to the flexible nature of XML providing a common syntax for systems messaging in general and in financial messaging in specific. Excessive use of XML in financial transactions messaging created an aligned interest in security protocols integrated into XML solutions in order to protect exchanged XML messages in an efficient yet powerful mechanism. However, financial institutions (i.e. banks) perform large volume of transactions on daily basis which require securing XML messages on large scale. Securing large volume of messages will result performance and resource issues. Therefore, an approach is needed to secure specified portions of an XML document, syntax and processing rules for representing secured parts. In this research we have developed a smart approach for securing financial XML transactions using effective and intelligent fuzzy classification techniques. Our approach defines the process of classifying XML content using a set of fuzzy variables. Upon fuzzy classification phase, a unique value is assigned to a defined attribute named “Importance Level”. Assigned value indicates the data sensitivity for each XML tag. The research also defines the process of securing classified financial XML message content by performing element-wise XML encryption on selected parts defined in fuzzy classification phase. Element-wise encryption is performed using symmetric encryption using AES algorithm with different key sizes. Key size of 128-bit is being used on tags classified with “Medium” importance level; a key size of 256-bit is being used on tags classified with “High” importance level. An implementation has been performed on a real-life environment using online banking system in Jordan Ahli Bank one of the leading banks in Jordan to demonstrate its flexibility, feasibility, and efficiency. Our experimental results of the system verified tangible enhancements in encryption efficiency, processing-time reduction, and resulting XML message sizes. Finally, our proposed system was designed, developed, and evaluated using a live data extracted from an internet banking service in one of the leading banks in Jordan. The results obtained from our experiments are promising, showing that our model can provide an effective yet resilient support for financial systems to secure exchanged financial XML messages.
QoS and Performance Evaluation for SIP-Based VoIP Over DMO
Authors: Alshamrani Mazin I. , Ali Ashraf A.
Published: February 2017

In this chapter, analyses for the performance metrics that define the quality of service (QoS) of SIP-based VoIP will be introduced. SIP-based VoIP applications over Direct Mode of Operation (DMO), which behaves in a way similar to Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) systems, have three main performance categories related to the QoS. These categories are the SIP signaling, voice data transmission, and MANET routing. The SIP signaling controls the VoIP calls initiation, termination, and modifications. The major QoS parameters of VoIP that are managed by SIP signaling are the registration intervals, call setup time, and call termination time. These QoS parameters are increased in MANET due to the nodes' mobility that affects the routing calculations and the connectivity status. These necessitate mechanisms to reduce the delays in the MANET environment. The voice packets are transferred over the Real Time Protocol (RTP) which is encapsulated in the unreliable transport protocol using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
Entre contextos e discursos: a biografia de Samael Aun Weor e o gnosticismo colombiano
Authors: Da Silva Ana Rosa Cloclet , De Campos Marcelo Leandro
Published: February 2017

Partindo da noção da biografia como micro-história e material que contribui para a reconstituição e análise de um contexto histórico, examinamos alguns episódios da trajetória do esoterista colombiano Samael Aun Weor como estudo de caso, relacionando o caráter apocalíptico e radical de sua doutrina espiritualista com o quadro de violência política e desesperança produzidos pelos anos de guerra civil na Colômbia na metade do século XX e seus impactos no campo espiritualista, a nível de representações e imaginário. Adicionalmente, tecemos algumas considerações sobre os usos sociais da biografia enquanto discurso.
A busca espiritual de viajantes à Índia: filosofia e prática de um estilo de vida
Authors: Bastos Cecilia Dos Guimarães
Published: February 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a espiritualidade entendida como projeto. Ao pesquisar um tipo de peregrino que viaja à Índia, verifiquei, através da observação participante, que sua principal motivação envolve a busca de si, cuja vivência molda a construção de sua trajetória. Os informantes relacionam o religioso ao institucional e o espiritual as mais profundas motivações da vida. Muitos estudam a filosofia Vedanta, um conhecimento incorporado que influencia a maneira como constroem suas visões de mundo e lhes oferece uma base do que é entendido como ser espiritualizado, sem ter que ser (convencionalmente) religioso. Também realizam práticas, como ioga ou meditação, que proporcionam maior objetividade, comando sobre a mente e autocrítica. Analisei suas vivências segundo a noção de projeto, uma tentativa consciente de dar sentido à experiência e que é elaborada com base na memória como visão retrospectiva e organizada de uma trajetória e biografia.
O Caboclo Eduardo e a Festa do 7 de Janeiro em Itaparica, Bahia
Authors: Moura Milton
Published: February 2017

Busca-se reconstituir o perfil histórico do Caboclo Eduardo, fundador do grupo Os Guaranis, que desde 1939 vem participando da Festa de Independência de Itaparica, na Baía de Todos os Santos, aí desempenhando um papel singular. Não havendo fontes escritas disponíveis sobre sua figura, o artigo se desenvolve cotejando os relatos sobre as apresentações de Os Guaranis em diversos momentos e os testemunhos que os idosos aportam sobre seu papel relevante na formação do grupo e na configuração do auto que se tornou, nestes quase oitenta anos, um dos elementos centrais da comemoração da independência em Itaparica. A reflexão toma como uma chave metodológica a pergunta pela diferença que fez e vem fazendo a criação do Caboclo Eduardo no universo das festividades e da cultura locais, contextualizando este processo no universo das comemorações da independência na Bahia.
Natalizumab for Multiple Sclerosis: A Case in Point for the Impact of Translational Neuroimmunology
Authors: Shirani Afsaneh , Stüve Olaf
Published: February 2017

Advances in translational neuroimmunology over the last two decades have revolutionized the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. A pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis is the presence of leukocytes in the areas of disease activity in the CNS. Natalizumab inhibits the trafficking of lymphocytes from the blood into the brain and spinal cord by blocking the adhesion molecule α4-integrin. Representing the enormous success of a molecular targeted approach, natalizumab was the first mAb approved for the treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. However, only a few months after its approval, natalizumab was withdrawn from the market because of an unanticipated life threatening adverse effect: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Natalizumab was later reintroduced with required adherence to a strict monitoring program. In this article, we review the bench-to-bedside journey of natalizumab, along with the lessons learned from postmarketing studies.
30th Congress of the Italian Society of Neonatology - Lombardy section | Bergamo, 3-4 February 2017
Authors: Musi Luciano , Frigiola Alessandro , Giovannini Marcello , Rosti Luca
Published: February 2017

This abstract book contains the abstracts presented at the 30th Congress of the Italian Society of Neonatology - Lombardy section | Bergamo, 3-4 February 2017.
CiudadaniaPlural.com: de las Humanidades Digitales al Humanismo Plural
Authors: Moreno Sardà Amparo , Molina Rodríguez-Navas Pedro , Simelio Solà Núria
Published: February 2017

Las “Humanidades Digitales” son el resultado de las aportaciones de la Cibernética en la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Las computadoras facilitaron que las Humanidades y las Ciencias Sociales incorporaran las metodologías cuantitativas y las tecnologías actuales plantean cambios cualitativos, modificando la relación entre productores y usuarios del conocimiento. Este cambio ha de contribuir a encontrar soluciones a los problemas derivados de las transformaciones sociales, lo que obliga a formular un nuevo Humanismo. La crítica al paradigma androcéntrico permitió conceptualizar una Historia de la Comunicación capaz de abordar la implantación de la cultura de masas y la sociedad de la información, tanto en la organización colectiva como en los itinerarios vitales de la pluralidad de mujeres y hombres. Este cambio paradigmático ha permitido utilizar internet y otros recursos digitales para desarrollar la plataforma CiudadaniaPlural.com, un instrumento para elaborar relatos sobre la sociedad red, promoviendo el Humanismo Plural que propugnamos.
Cubrimiento de la salud mental en la prensa colombiana, un aporte aún en construcción
Authors: Gutiérrez-Coba Liliana , Salgado-Cardona Andrea , García Perdomo Víctor , Guzmán- Rossini Yahira
Published: February 2017

Pese a que el papel de los medios de comunicación en las tareas de promoción de salud ha sido ampliamente documentado, y que en lo referente a salud mental la información sobre prevención, tratamiento y casos exitosos de integración resulta muy relevante para disminuir el estigma social que pesa sobre las personas con trastornos mentales, son escasas las publicaciones sobre el tema en la prensa colombiana. Para este estudio descriptivo-correlacional, fueron analizadas 545 notas periodísticas sobre salud mental publicadas en 7 periódicos colombianos, aplicando la técnica de análisis de contenido. En promedio, menos de 1,5 notas periodísticas diarias relacionadas con el tema fueron publicadas en todo un año en siete medios de comunicación, es decir, apenas 0,2 en cada periódico. Los temas de salud mental sobre los que más publican los periódicos son las adicciones (65,5%) y las conductas suicidas (22,4%). Resulta además muy significativo que de los 545 textos analizados, sólo 15 hayan hecho un procesamiento adecuado de los términos especializados para que fueran entendidos por lectores de medios generalistas.  Esto revela una falta de conocimiento del tema por parte de los periodistas, y, así mismo, una incapacidad de profundizar en él y ofrecerle al lector una perspectiva más amplia, que vaya más allá de los hechos netos. De manera que es un campo en el que se debería trabajar más, desde las Facultades de Periodismo como desde los propios medios.
Economic load dispatch of wind-solar-thermal system using backtracking search algorithm
Authors: Tyagi Nitin , Dubey Hari Mohan , Pandit Manjaree
Published: February 2017

Due to rise in the price of fossil fuels and technical advances in the area of renewable energy, integrated systems became more popular now a day. However uncertain nature of wind, solar irradiation due to weather and climate change, integration of renewable power generation system complicates the ELD formulation. The paper presents optimum scheduling of integrated solarwind- thermal system using backtracking search algorithm (BSA). BSA is a novel population based stochastic search optimization technique, having simple structure and only one control parameter as population size. BSA has two new types of operator’s as crossover and mutation for exploration and exploitation of search space of problem desired to be optimized and also satisfies all associated constraints of the objective function.Keywords: BSA, Photovoltaic cell, Valve point loading effect, Probability density function.
Co-Producing a Nicer Neighbourhood: Why do People Participate in Local Community Development Projects?
Authors: Vanleene Daphne , Voets Joris , Verschuere Bram
Published: February 2017

Co-production is often considered a solution to improve service quality and production efficiency, yet research on the reasons why citizens participate in the creation and/or implementation of public services is still limited to specific sectors. In this article, we study the different citizens’ motivations discussed in the literature. We distinguished two categories of motivations, personal and circumstantial. By means of a guided survey, we collected data on these different motivations in a Belgian case in the unstudied setting of community development. The results show that even in a community development case, where material incentives are used to entice citizens in a vulnerable socio-economic position to participate, the reasons behind co-production are still more diverse and complex than simple benefit maximization.
The Impact of Different Public Contracting Management Models on the Inputs and Outcomes of Local Public Services
Authors: Park Jongsun , Oh Youngmin
Published: February 2017

Many empirical studies have found that local public contracting reduces the inputs and outcomes of public services. However, few studies have examined what factors are associated with such inputs and outcomes. To address the limitation, this study conceptualizes two competing contracting management models (competitive and cooperative) and empirically tests the associations between these contracting approaches and service inputs and outcomes. The findings report that while local governments using competitive contracting elements have lower service inputs through reduced local operating expenditures and part-time employment; cooperative contracting elements do not necessarily produce enhanced service outcomes.
O znanych i mniej znanych relacjach Leonharda Eulera z Polską
Authors: Sznajder Roman
Published: February 2017

W tej pracy skupiamy się na kontaktach badawczych Leonharda Eulera z polskimi naukowcami jego epoki, głównie z Gdańska (wtedy Gedanum, Danzig). L. Euler był najbardziej płodnym matematykiem wszystkich czasów, najwybitniejszym matematykiem osiemnastego wieku i jednym z najlepszych w historii. Kompletne wydanie jego rękopisów nie zostało dotąd zakoń- czone (Kleinert 2015; Kleinert, Mattmüller 2007).Kontakty Eulera z francuskimi, niemieckimi, rosyjskimi i szwajcarskimi naukowcami są powszechnie znane, a stosunki z Polską, wtedy jednym z największych krajów europejskich, są nadal zapomniane. Euler odwiedził Polskę tylko raz, w czerwcu 1766 roku, w drodze powrotnej z Berlina do Petersburga.Ostatni król Polski Stanisław August poniatowski gościł Eulera w Warszawie przez dziesięć dni. Wielu polskich naukowców przedstawiono Eulerowi, nie tylko z kręgów matematycznych, ale również astronomów i geografów. Korespondencja Eulera z gdańskimi naukowcami i urzędnikami, w tym Carlem L. Ehlerem, Heinrichem Kühnem i Natanaelem M. von Wolfem zaczęła się już w połowie lat 30. XVIII wieku. Wyróżniamy relacje L. Eulera z H. Kühnem, profesorem matematyki w Gimnazjum Akademickim w Gdańsku i prawdopodobnie najlepszym polskim matematykiem tamtej epoki. To od H. Kühna Euler dowiedział się o problemie mostów królewieckich. Dlatego można argumentować, że początek teorii grafów i topologii płaszczyzny wywodzi się z Gdańska. Ponadto, H. Kühn był pierwszym matematykiem, który zaproponował interpretację geometryczną liczb zespolonych, bardzo cenioną przez Eulera.Ustalenia zawarte w niniejszym artykule są albo nieznane lub mało znane ogólnej społeczności matematyków.
Doświadczenia fizyczne Nayiaśnieyszemu PANU… okazywane roku 1793. w Grodnie przez JXX Dominikanów Konwentu tamecznego Analiza tekstu
Authors: Wyka Ewa
Published: February 2017

W okresie od czerwca do listopada 1793 r. w Grodnie (obecnie Białoruś), z udziałem króla Stanisława Augusta Poniatowskiego, obradował ostatni Sejm I Rzeczypospolitej, podczas którego zatwierdzono II rozbiór Polski. Na dni wolne od sesji sejmowych dominikanie grodzieńscy przygotowali dla monarchy cykl 18 spotkań w gabinecie fizycznym szkoły gimnazjalnej prowadzonej przez zakon. Tematyka i przebieg spotkań opisana została w 2. numerze (1794) Pisma Peryodycznego Korrespondenta w formie raportu z dzienną datacją każdego spotkania.Główna tematyka prowadzonych doświadczeń dotyczyła dwóch dziedzin fizyki eksperymentalnej: elektryczności oraz praw i własności gazów. Mocno zaakcentowane zostały również aspekty praktycznego wykorzystania prezentowanych zjawisk i przedmiotów.Raport jest źródłem wiedzy o zasobach gabinetu fizycznego gimnazjum dominikanów. Stanowi także przyczynek do badań nad mecenatem naukowym Stanisława Augusta.W konwencji raportu (uwzględniając daty dzienne) skomponowano także niniejszy artykuł. Eksperymenty przedstawiono w szerszym kontekście naukowym. W celu ukazania uwarunkowań historycznych zacytowano fragmenty diariusza sejmowego.Niniejsza analiza jest pierwszą tego typu w literaturze przedmiotu.
Rola Funduszu im. dra W. Kretkowskiego w kształtowaniu krakowskiego ośrodka matematycznego
Authors: Ciesielska Danuta
Published: February 2017

Głównym tematem artykułu jest przedstawienie znaczenia Funduszu im. dra Władysława Kretkowskiego dla rozwoju krakowskiej matematyki. Kretkowski był licencjatem paryskiej Sorbony (1867), doktorem matematyki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego (1882), prywatnym docentem uniwersytetu oraz politechniki we Lwowie. Podarował matematykom z krakowskiego środowiska naukowego swój ogromny majątek. Z tych funduszy w latach 1911–1920 prowadzone były na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim wykłady z najnowszych dziedzin matematyki oraz seminaria dla studentów. Przekazał także swoją bogatą bibliotekę do użytku członków seminarium matematycznego w Krakowie. W artykule zostały wymienione wszystkie wykłady opłacone z Funduszu im. doktora Kretkowskiego oraz wszyscy stypendyści (wraz z informacją o miejscu i czasie studiów). Przedstawiono w nim również stan księgozbioru „Biblioteki Kretkowskiego”, który obecnie jest własnością Instytutu Matematyki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Artykuł zawiera też krótką biografię uczonego.
Beyond the center: Sciences in Central and Eastern Europe and their histories An interview with Professor Michael Gordin conducted by Jan Surman
Authors: Gordin Michael , Surman Jan
Published: February 2017

Co wyróżnia nauki w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej? Z jakimi problemami konfrontują się historycy nauki piszący o tym regionie? Czy nauka ta różni się od nauki uprawianej w centrach i w jakim zakresie? Jak bardzo imperialna jest nauka reprezentantów nacji dominujących i niedominujących? To tylko niektóre tematy poruszone w rozmowie z Michaelem Gordinem z Princeton University, jednym z wiodących historyków nauki.
Staining in Tympanoplasty: Is Methylene Blue Rational?
Authors: Yadav SPS , Kathuria Bhushan , Dhingra Himani , Gulia Joginder , Hernot Sharad
Published: February 2017

Objective

Is there any advantages of using methylene blue in myringoplasty? To compare the results of methylene blue stained temporalis fascia graft with unstained temporalis fascia graft in underlay myringoplasty.

Materials and methods

In this prospective study, 120 patients of either sex in age group of 15 to 50 years with non-cholesteatomatous chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) were recruited. Patients were initially managed medically to make the ear dry and after that they were operated upon. Sixty patients underwent underlay myringoplasty using methylene blue stained temporalis fascia graft and 60 patients underwent underlay myringoplasty using unstained temporalis fascia graft. Follow-up period was at least 6 months.

Results

Graft uptake and hearing improvement was comparable in both groups. Although there was 10% higher graft uptake using methylene blue stained temporalis fascia (95%) as compared to unstained temporalis fascia graft (85%), however the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.5). But there was statistically significant difference in gain in hearing threshold (gain in air-bone gap) in the myringoplasty using methylene blue stained temporalis fascia graft (18 dB ± 7.156) as compared to myringoplasty using unstained temporalis fascia graft (13.7 dB ± 5.70814) (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

Methylene blue use in myringoplasty allows improved identification of the graft, can be very helpful for trainee residents and reduce the time of a graft placement. Also, methylene blue as an antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, prevents degradation and lysis of fascia graft, improves the overall success rate of graft uptake with no adverse effects.

How to cite this article

Kathuria B, Dhingra H, Gulia J, Kakkar V, Yadav SPS, Hernot S, Bishnoi S. Staining in Tympanoplasty: Is Methylene Blue Rational? Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(3):125-131.
Fat Myringoplasty and its Impact on the Hearing Mechanism of Middle Ear
Authors: Al-qahtani Bandar , Tuwaijri Mohammed Al , Mokhatrish Mohammed Al
Published: February 2017

Objectives

To address the fat grafting to tympanic membrane perforations—fat myringoplasty type I—and its impact over the hearing mechanism of the middle ear for both small (< 25% of the tympanic membrane) and large perforation (> 75 % of the TM).

How to cite this article

Al-qahtani B, Al Tuwaijri M, Al Mokhatrish M. Fat Myringoplasty and its Impact on the Hearing Mechanism of Middle Ear. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(3):138-140.
Late Presentation of Idiopathic Tympanic Membrane Ossification with External Auditory Canal Stenosis
Authors: Verma Hitesh
Published: February 2017

The external auditory canal (EAC) is formed by lateral cartilaginous and medial bony part. The stenosis of EAC is narrowing of the width of the EAC, i.e. either caused by congenital or acquired causes. Myringosclerosis is a condition caused by calcification of tissues in the tympanic membrane and ossification is a special form of fibrosis due to the long-term, irreversible continued inflammation in the middle ear cleft. We are presenting rare case of idiopathic tympanic membrane ossification with generalized stenosis of EAC in 29-year-old patient.

How to cite this article

Verma H, Dass A, Singhal SK, Gupta N. Late Presentation of Idiopathic Tympanic Membrane Ossification with External Auditory Canal Stenosis. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(3):141-143.
Bleeding Mass in the Ear: A Rare Etiology
Authors: Moses Vinu , Augustine Ann Mary , John Bassin Thomas , Lepcha Anjali
Published: February 2017

We report a case of a 63 years old man who presented with a profusely bleeding mass in the left external auditory canal. He had been diagnosed to have left skull base osteomyelitis and had undergone surgery twice for the same. The mass was diagnosed radiologically to be a pseudoaneurysm arising from the left retroauricular artery. He subsequently underwent embolization of the retroauricular branch of the left external carotid artery following which the mass subsided and bleeding from the ear stopped.

How to cite this article

John BT, Augustine AM, Lepcha A, Mathew J, Moses V. Bleeding Mass in the Ear: A Rare Etiology. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(3):144-146.
Schwannoma of the External Auditory Canal: A Rare Location
Authors: Kumar Harendra , Somavanshi Samvartika , Kumar Dharmendra , Singh Hari
Published: February 2017

Schwannomas are benign slow-growing encapsulated tumors arising from the Schwann cells that ensheath the axons of the peripheral, cranial, and autonomic nervous systems. About 25 to 45% of all Schwannomas are seen in the head and neck but Schwannoma of the external auditory canal is rare. We report a case of Schwannoma of the external auditory canal in a 18-year-old male patient.

How to cite this article

Kumar D, Somavanshi S, Kumar H, Agrawal A, Singh H. Schwannoma of the External Auditory Canal: A Rare Location. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(3):147-148.
Clinicohistological Correlation and Cost-effectiveness of routinely performed Histological Examination of Pregnancy Tissues obtained at Uterine Evacuation Procedure: Five-year Experience at a Secondary Care Hospital of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Memon Zaibunnisa , Anjum Naureen , Sheikh Sana Sadiq
Published: February 2017

Aim

To assess clinicohistological correlation and costeffectiveness of routinely performed histological examination of pregnancy tissue samples collected at surgical uterine evacuation

Materials and methods

In this retrospective study, medical record of patients admitted for incomplete miscarriage, missed miscarriage, and anembryonic miscarriage in the first trimester from January 2010 to August 2014 were reviewed. Histopathologic diagnosis of the tissue samples obtained via surgical uterine evacuation in these patients was compared with the preevacuation diagnosis.

Results

Specimens of 711 patients were sent after uterine evacuation. Histopathologic examination revealed normal product of conception in 681 patients (95.7%), while partial hydatidiform mole was diagnosed in 14 patients (1.9%). Complete hydatidiform mole was detected in only three cases (0.42%). Decidual tissue without chorionic villi was reported in 13 patients (1.8%). The diagnosis of complete mole was suspected in all three cases and in six cases of partial mole before procedure.

Conclusion

Findings of study did not show any diagnostic and financial benefit from routine histological examination of tissue removed at termination of pregnancy or emergency uterine evacuation. We recommend that histopathological examination be performed in cases where the diagnosis is uncertain, fewer tissues obtained during evacuation, when molar pregnancy is suspected, or when patients are considered at high risk for trophoblastic disease.

How to cite this article

Memon Z, Anjum N, Sheikh SS. Clinicohistological Correlation and Cost-effectiveness of routinely performed Histological Examination of Pregnancy Tissues obtained at Uterine Evacuation Procedure: Five-year Experience at a Secondary Care Hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(1):1-4.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction after Counseling by a Health Care Provider before Emergency Cesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Syed Tehmina P , Sheikh Zakia , Hameed Farah
Published: February 2017

Introduction

Patient satisfaction is one of the most frequently reported outcome measures for quality of health care. In recent years, effective counseling has become a very important tool to involve patient participation in decision-making. The objective of this study was to assess the patient satisfaction by the counseling of a health care provider before emergency cesarean section (C-section) in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and methods

A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire study of 53 women, who had their first babies by C-section or had C-section first time with previous normal deliveries, in Hamdard University hospital in 3 months.

Data analysis

Questionnaires were distributed among patients on their second postoperative day after emergency C-section. A good total response rate for patient satisfaction survey is in the 40 to 60% range. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 was used to analyze the data, patient satisfaction was analyzed by using descriptive statistics (%, frequency), and independent sample t-test and analysis of variance were applied to assess the satisfaction level for demographic indicators.

Results

Out of 53 women, 38 (71.7%) were satisfied with the counseling while 15 (28.3%) were dissatisfied; 35 (66%) were primigravida while 17 (32%) were multigravida. The majority was in the age group of 25 to 30 (41%) years; 21 (39.6%) were undergraduate, out of them 12 (55.2%) were satisfied; 32 (60.3%) were graduate, out of them 26 (82%0) agreed; 46 (86%) participants know their counselor; and 44 (83%) reported good attitude. A safe atmosphere was created by the counselor in 38 (71.7%) cases, and 24 (45%) participants reported that the counselor used medical jargons. Privacy was not maintained in 39.6%, and 18 (33.9%) reported negative feelings like anxiety and depression after their counseling.

Conclusion

Patient satisfaction is an important quality outcome indicator to measure success of the health care services. Evaluation of patient care is vital to provide opportunity for improvement like strategic framing of health plans.

How to cite this article

Syed TP, Sheikh Z, Hameed F. Assessment of Patient Satisfaction after Counseling by a Health Care Provider before Emergency Cesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(1):33-38.
Audiological Functions in Pregnancy
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Thakur Rakesh , Dogra Sunder S
Published: February 2017

Introduction

During pregnancy virtually every organ system undergoes anatomical and physiological changes that can alter appreciably the criteria for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Hormonal fluctuations alter the composition of endolymph and perilymph, and ion transport process. Hence, audiological functions in pregnancy need evaluation.

Materials and methods

After approval of Institutional Ethics Committee, 100 pregnant women were recruited in the 1st trimester. Tuning tests were done using 128, 256, 512, and 1024 Hz tuning forks. Pure tone audiometry was done and hearing thresholds measured for 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Finally, impedance audiometry was done in all the women in each trimester.

Results

There was no air—bone gap. There was gradual reduction in hearing acuity at low frequencies (125, 250, 500, and 1000 Hz) from 1st to 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The hearing thresholds got stabilized in the 3rd trimester and returned to normal in postpartum period. For 2000 Hz and higher frequencies, there was no significant difference in relation to pregnant subjects. Number of pregnancies did not affect the audiological functions.

Conclusion

Low-frequency hearing loss during pregnancy appears to be transient in nature with complete resolution in the postpartum period in most cases. For better understanding of these changes, obstetricians and otolaryngologists can team-up and avoid use of drugs for their symptoms during pregnancy.

How to cite this article

Verma A, Thakur R, Dogra SS, Sharma S, Singhal A. Audiological Functions in Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(1):42-46.
Pregnancy Complicated by Portal Hypertension Secondary to Noncirrhotic Portal Fibrosis
Authors: Niroopama Pushpagiri
Published: February 2017

Noncirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF) is a liver disorder characterized by periportal fibrosis of small and medium branches of portal vein resulting in portal hypertension with the sequelae of variceal bleed requiring immediate attention. We report a case of 27-years-old primigravida with NCPF presented for her booking visit with 3 months of amenorrhea. Clinical examination and ultrasound revealed 12 weeks of intrauterine gestation with moderate splenomegaly, dilated portal vein, and splenic vein. The patient was referred to medical gastroenterologist. Hematological investigations were found normal except for borderline thrombocytopenia. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed grade I esophageal varices. She was monitored bimonthly by obstetrician and hepatologist as she was potential for variceal bleed, anemia, liver derangement, and coagulation abnormalities during antenatal and intrapartum period. She had well-preserved liver function throughout pregnancy and no variceal bleed. Fetal surveillance was done and she received prophylactic corticosteroids at 28 weeks of gestation for fetal lung maturation. Antenatal period was uneventful. In view of breech presentation, elective cesarean section was performed and a healthy male baby was delivered weighing 2.9 kg, with good Apgar score. Intrapartum and postpartum period was uneventful. Surveillance by a multidisciplinary team is important for such high-risk pregnancy for optimizing obstetric and neonatal care.

How to cite this article

Niroopama P. Pregnancy Complicated by Portal Hypertension Secondary to Noncirrhotic Portal Fibrosis. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(1):63-65.
Cervical Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Rajeswari KS , Agarwal Preet , Potluri Radhika , Manohar Shravya
Published: February 2017

This is a rare case of cervical tuberculosis, which presented as carcinoma of the cervix and gave us a diagnostic dilemma.

How to cite this article

Manohar S, Agarwal P, Rajeswari KS, Potluri R. Cervical Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Dilemma. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(1):66-67.
Vertical profiles of the 3-D wind velocity retrieved from multiple wind lidars performing triple range-height-indicator scans
Authors: Debnath Mithu , Iungo G. Valerio , Ashton Ryan , Brewer W. Alan , Choukulkar Aditya , Delgado Ruben , Lundquist Julie K. , Shaw William J. , Wilczak James M. , Wolfe Daniel
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Vertical profiles of 3-D wind velocity are retrieved from triple range-height-indicator (RHI) scans performed with multiple simultaneous scanning Doppler wind lidars. This test is part of the eXperimental Planetary boundary layer Instrumentation Assessment (XPIA) campaign carried out at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory. The three wind velocity components are retrieved and then compared with the data acquired through various profiling wind lidars and high-frequency wind data obtained from sonic anemometers installed on a 300 m meteorological tower. The results show that the magnitude of the horizontal wind velocity and the wind direction obtained from the triple RHI scans are generally retrieved with good accuracy. However, poor accuracy is obtained for the evaluation of the vertical velocity, which is mainly due to its typically smaller magnitude and to the error propagation connected with the data retrieval procedure and accuracy in the experimental setup.
Magnetogama: An Open Schematic Magnetometer
Authors:   Wahyudi, Khakhim Nurul , Kuntoro Tri , Mardiatno Djati , Rakhman Afif , Handaru Anas Setyo , Mufaqih Adien Akhmad , Irnaka Theodosius Marwan
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Magnetogama is an open schematic hand-assembled fluxgate magnetometer. Compared to other magnetometer, Magnetogama is superior in terms of its price and its ease of use. Practically Magnetogama can be used either in land or at-tached to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Magnetogama was designed in order to give an open access to a cheap and accurate alternative of magnetometer sensor, therefore it can be used as standard design which is directly applicable to low budget company or education purposes. Schematic, code and several verification tests were presented ensuring its reproducibility. Magnetogama has been tested with two kind of tests, diurnal variation comparison with two nearest observatorium at Lear-month (LRM) and Kakadu (KDU).
r.avaflow v1, an advanced open-source computational framework for the propagation and interaction of two-phase mass flows
Authors: Mergili Martin , Fischer Jan-Thomas , Krenn Julia , Pudasaini Shiva P.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. r.avaflow represents an innovative open-source computational tool for routing rapid mass flows, avalanches, or process chains from a defined release area down an arbitrary topography to a deposition area. In contrast to most existing computational tools, r.avaflow (i) employs a two-phase, interacting solid and fluid mixture model (Pudasaini, 2012); (ii) is suitable for modelling more or less complex process chains and interactions; (iii) explicitly considers both entrainment and stopping with deposition, i.e. the change of the basal topography; (iv) allows for the definition of multiple release masses, and/or hydrographs; and (v) serves with built-in functionalities for validation, parameter optimization, and sensitivity analysis. r.avaflow is freely available as a raster module of the GRASS GIS software, employing the programming languages Python and C along with the statistical software R. We exemplify the functionalities of r.avaflow by means of two sets of computational experiments: (1) generic process chains consisting in bulk mass and hydrograph release into a reservoir with entrainment of the dam and impact downstream; (2) the prehistoric Acheron rock avalanche, New Zealand. The simulation results are generally plausible for (1) and, after the optimization of two key parameters, reasonably in line with the corresponding observations for (2). However, we identify some potential to enhance the analytic and numerical concepts. Further, thorough parameter studies will be necessary in order to make r.avaflow fit for reliable forward simulations of possible future mass flow events.