bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suposiciones de grandes y densas poblaciones prehistóricas en la Amazonía, evaluadas a partir de las evidencias arqueológicas, etnográficas y ecológicas
Authors: Meggers Betty J.
Published: June 2021

Un creciente número de antropólogos ha apoyado la idea de la existencia de densas poblaciones sedentarias a través de la Amazonía, basada principalmente en la presencia de manchas de terra preta a lo largo de ríos principales que testifican la existencia de grandes asentamientos permanentes. Esta interpretación es puesta a prueba por los resultados del reconocimiento arqueológico a lo largo de los ríos Tocantins, Xingú, Jamarí y Essequibo.  El uso de criterios uniformes para clasificar cerámica procedente de múltiples excavaciones estratigráficas en sitios habitacionales y la creación de secuencias seriadas, proveen detalladas cronologías relativas en cada región que son complementadas por numerosos fechados radiocarbónicos.
Patrones funerarios en San José de Samiria, Loreto y sus variaciones a través del tiempo
Authors: Ruíz del Águila Eva
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo está referido al tema de los patrones funerarios de las poblaciones amazónicas pertenecientes a la familia lingüística Tupí Guaraní y sus variaciones a través del tiempo, quienes se asentaron a lo largo de la cuenca del Río Samiria desde el siglo XVI hasta la actualidad. Para lo cual se contrastó la información etnohistórica y etnográfica con la evidencia arqueológica. Estos grupos están representados por los Omaguas, Cocamas y Cocamilla.
promesas alentadoras
Authors: Krokoszynski Lukasz
Published: June 2021

El trabajo a continuación presenta el material histórico producido de 1925 a 1935 por distintos participantes de la colonización polaca en la Amazonía peruana (cuenca del Ucayali), en las colonias San Francisco de Satipo (en los ríos Satipo y Pangoa), el Sepa (en el río Urubamba) y Cumaría (en el río Alto Ucayali). A la vez que esbozo la historia de estos experimentos colonizadores, pretendo demostrar que las trayectorias y materiales producidos por los participantes de este proyecto componen una significativa contribución a la historiografía de la montaña peruana y a las iniciativas de modernización en la región, producción documental que, por la barrera lingüística, ha sido mayormente desconocida hasta nuestros días.
Chamanismo Yagua
Authors: Chaumeil J. y J.P.
Published: June 2021

El "chamanismo" no es un fenómeno aislado. Está íntimamente relacionado con la estructura de la sociedad en la que funciona. Es por ello que el autor se limita en este artículo a una descripción del chamanismo yagua. Sin embargo, llega a unas conclusiones muy interesantes.
conformación de las comunidades Amuesha (La legalización de un despojo territorial)
Authors: Barclay Frederica , Santos Fernando
Published: June 2021

El análisis de los diferentes procesos que han dado lugar a la conformación de las comunidades nativas contemporáneas ("comunidades nativas") indica que deben entenderse como el resultado de una usurpación de tierras legalizada. Esta usurpación de tierras legalizada refleja la ruptura de los territorios nativos de las etnias. Se examina el proceso histórico de usurpación de tierras entre los amuesha.
Proteína y cultura en la Amazonía: Una segunda revisión
Authors: Gross Daniel R.
Published: June 2021

En este ensayo, el autor reafirma su posición sobre la teoría de las proteínas que establece una relación entre la dieta y los patrones de asentamiento entre las poblaciones amazónicas. Describe los puntos de vista de sus críticos sobre sus conjuntos de datos y sus fuentes de información, mostrando que no tienen éxito en probar su hipótesis. Nuestro autor quiere demostrar que la disponibilidad de proteínas silvestres es un factor limitante para el tamaño, permanencia y densidad de los asentamientos humanos en las cuencas del Amazonas y del Orinoco.
A STUCCO MERLON FROM THE CONGREGATIONAL MOSQUE OF SIRAF AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM
Authors: Corsi Andrea Luigi
Published: June 2021

This paper deals with the stucco merlon uncovered by D. Whitehouse at Siraf in 1969, currently on view in the Gallery of Islamic Art at The British Museum in London, which has not yet been fully studied. On the basis of both its decorative and technical aspects, as well as the context in which it was found, its manufacturing likely relates to the main reconstruction works - carried out at Siraf after the devastating earthquake of 977 - characterised by the introduction of a new local moulded stucco production
GADIR REVISITED.A PROPOSAL FOR RECONSTRUCTIONOF THE ARCHAIC PHOENICIAN FOUNDATION
Authors: Niveau-de-Villedary y Mariña Ana Mª
Published: June 2021

Classical sources and academic tradition situate the Tyrian colony of Gadir under the current city of Cádiz, in southern Spain. However, it was not until the beginning of our millennium that archaeological research unearthed part of the urban grid, linked to the ancient foundation, confirming its location and antiquity. The aim of this paper is to gather and organize the disparate material data in order to reconstruct the topography, the morphology and the functionality of the archaic city of Gadir
Görme Yetersizliği Olan Öğrencilerin Fen Öğrenimi Motivasyonlarındaki Değişimlerin Analizi
Authors: KIZILASLAN Aydın , ZORLUOĞLU Seraceddin Levent , SÖZBİLİR Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Görme yetersizliğinin öğrenme üzerindeki etkisi, görme kaybının doğasına ve derecesine göre önemli ölçüde değişmektedir. Görme yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin fen müfredatına tam olarak erişebilmek için bazı uyarlamalara ihtiyacı duymaktadır. Bu uyarlamalar öğrencilerin fen dersine karşı motivasyonları üzerinde olumlu etkileri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Motivasyonun öğrenmeyi hızlandırdığı bilinen bir gerçektir. İhtiyaca yönelik motivasyonun sağlanması ve çaba yönetiminin devreye girmesi öğrencilerde öğrenme için gerekli farkındalığı arttırır. Çünkü insan davranışlarının temelinde ihtiyaçlar yer almaktadır. Motivasyon ise öğrenme için gerekli en önemli ihtiyaçlardandır. Bu çalışmada görme yetersizliği olan hazırlanan öğretim etkinlik ve etkinlik materyallerinin öğrencilerin motivasyonlarında değişime olan katkısı öz yeterlik, aktif öğrenme stratejileri, fen öğrenmenin değeri, performans amacı, başarı amacı ve öğrenme ortamındaki özendiricilik alt başlıkları altında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada araçsal durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araçsal durum çalışmaları ise bir konuyu anlamak ya da genelleme yapmak için yapılır. Çalışma grubu 3 az gören ve 3 kör olmak üzere 6 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak belirlenen motivasyon alt başlıklarının bazılarında artma gözlenirken bazı alt başlıklarda ise değişim gözlenememiştir.
Ortaokul 5., 6. ve 7. Sınıf Seviyelerinde Matematik Genel Başarı Testleri Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: AKKUŞ Recai , AKKAŞ Elif Nur
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin matematik dersi kapsamında performanslarının ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi için geçerli ve güvenilir genel başarı testlerini sınıf seviyesi bazında geliştirmektir. Matematikte geliştirilen ölçekler incelendiğinde konu temelli ölçeklerin bulunduğu ancak yeterli olmamasının yanı sıra, genel müfredatı içeren ölçeklerin geliştirilmediği dikkati çekmektedir. Bunun için, MEB 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılı müfredatı göz önünde bulundurularak konu temelli sorular belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen sorular önce açık uçlu olarak ortaokul öğrencilerine Nisan ve Mayıs ayları içerisinde uygulanmış, içerik analizi sonrası çoktan seçmeli hale getirilmiş ve pilot uygulaması Ekim ayının ikinci haftası yapılarak maddeler analiz edilmiştir. Madde analizi sonucu çıkarılan maddeler sonrası Matematik Genel Başarı Testinin (MGBT) son hali 503 altıncı sınıf, 404 yedinci sınıf ve 428 sekizinci sınıf öğrencisine Kasım ayının ilk haftası içerisinde uygulanmıştır. TAP ile yapılan madde analizleri sonunda testlerin orta zorlukta ve ortalama ayırt edicilik indekslerinin 0,40’ın üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, MGBT’lerin KR20 alfa değerleri sırasıyla, 0,688; 0,713; ve 0,717 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Böylelikle, ortaokul 5, 6 ve 7.sınıf seviyesindeki matematik konularının genel olarak değerlendirilmesine imkan veren birbiri ile bağlantılı geçerli ve güvenilir üç başarı testi sunulmuştur. Bu bağlamda, çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen başarı testlerinde sınıf seviyesine göre konular katlanarak ele alınmıştır.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Sözlü Tarih Çalışmasından Edindikleri Kazanımlara İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÖLGESİZ GEDİKLER Hülya
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretiminde Tarihsel Kanıt, Yerel ve Sözlü Tarih dersi kapsamında gerçekleştirilen örnek bir sözlü tarih uygulamasının kazanımlarına ilişkin sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerini incelemektir. Nitel desenlerden biri olan bütüncül tek durum çalışmasının kullandığı bu araştırmada çalışma grubunu Ege Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği Anabilim Dalı’nda 2019 -2020 öğretim yılında araştırmacının yürüttüğü dersi alan 18 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri öğretmen adaylarının ortaya koydukları ürünler, çalışma sürecinde tuttukları günlükler ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla gerçekleştirilen odak grup görüşmelerinden elde edilmiş, verilerin değerlendirilmesi ve yorumlanmasında içerik analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları öğretmen adaylarının gerçekleştirdiği sözlü tarih çalışmasıyla önemli kazanımlar sağladığını ve sözlü tarih yönteminin tarih konularının öğretiminde güçlü bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bulgular doğrultusunda lisans eğitiminde sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarına sözlü tarih çalışmalarını deneyimlemeleri için daha çok fırsat sunulması gerektiği önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
Adaptation in Global Climate Governance: Linkages between Intergovernmental Dialogue Forums and the UNFCCC Regarding Adaptation
Authors:   Institute for Environmental Studies, VU Amsterdam, de Voogt Douwe
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates how intergovernmental dialogue forums addressing climate change outside of the UNFCCC are linked with the UNFCCC regarding their statements on adaptation. The discussed forums are the Major Economies Forum, G8, and G20. Three analytical points of comparison concerning the UNFCCC are established, namely: the UNFCCC gives adaptation the same priority as mitigation; there is increasing attention for the role of transnational actors in adaptation; and there is a clear distinction between the roles of developing and developed countries. A qualitative content analysis of forums’ documents was conducted to investigate the nature of the linkages between statements related to adaptation. The key conclusion is that there is much overlap regarding adaptation statements between the dialogue forums and the UNFCCC, but there could be complementarity as regards certain adaptation subjects about which the forums made statements prior to the UNFCCC.
PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI BENSON TERHADAP GULA DARAH PASIEN DM TIPE II
Authors: Rahman Ade
Published: June 2021

Diabetes mellitus adalah gula darah yang melebihi batas normal atau gula darah yang  meningkat dalam jangka waktu lama akan menyebabkan kelainan system saraf yang disebut neuropati diabetic dan kelainan pembuluh darah (Helmanu, 2015) yang dapat diobati secara farmakologis (insulin) dan non farmakologis (terapi, contoh ; relaksasi benson). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh relaksasi benson terhadap gula darah pasien DM Tipe II. Desain penelitian quasi experiment One Group Pretest-Posttest terhadap 10 orang lansia dengan DM Tipe II yang memenuhi kriteri inklusi. Gula darah diukur menggunakan Glucocheck. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t berpasangan. Gula darah rata-rata pretest pada lansia adalah 279,5 gr/dL. Setelah diberikan relaksasi Benson selama 3 hari berturut-turut didapatkan gula darah rata-rata post test nya adalah 239,8 gr/dL dan didapatkan ( p = 0,000). Dengan demikian relaksasi benson efektif untuk menurunkan gula darah pada lansia dengan DM Tipe II. Jadi disarankan kepada responden, RS, perawat dan peneliti selanjutnya  bahwa kita dapat menggunakan terapi relaksasi benson sebagai cara alternative atau pengobatan nonfarmakologi pada penderita DM Tipe II.
Variables fisiológicas y fanerópticas y su influencia sobre características del huevo en gallinas de patio (Gallus gallus domesticus) en comunidades de Moyogalpa y Altagracia, Isla de Ometepe, Nicaragua
Authors: Hernández Baca Marlon , Barrios Condega Heydi , González Yun Oscar
Published: June 2021

En el presente estudio, se evaluó el comportamiento de variables fisiológicas y fanerópticas de gallinas de patio, y su influencia en las características del huevo y producción, en comunidades rurales de los municipios de Altagracia y Moyogalpa, en la Isla de Ometepe. La población en estudio comprendió a 49 gallinas en postura, determinándose, seis variables: edad, peso vivo (PV), Número de huevos (NH), Peso (PH), Diámetro transversal (DTH) y Diámetro longitudinal del huevo (DLH), además de los índices, morfológico del huevo (IM) y de puesta (IP), junto dos características fanerópticas. Se encontraron fluctuaciones en el peso vivo, huevos/aves/semana, pesos de huevos, diámetros transversales, y longitudinales, además de diferencias significativas para todas estas variables entre comarcas estudiadas. De las 28 correlaciones entre las diferentes variables biológico-productivas, 17 resultaron positivas y 11 negativas. Las relaciones de regresión entre las variables analizadas variaron en cuanto a su signo y significancia. En los colores de las gallinas, las de colores uniformes (CoU) alcanzaron el 57 % y las de colores mezclados (CoM), el 43 %. Para color del huevo, los más representativos fueron los marrones claros (Mc) con 47 %, los huevos blancos (Bl) el 22 %, y los marrones (M) con 14 %. Estos colores de huevos fueron puestos principalmente por las gallinas Coloradas, pertenecientes a la clasificación de colores uniformes (CoU), Sin embargo, en las aves de colores mezclados (CoM), las gallinas Coloradas (Co) aportaron el mayor número de huevos marrones claros y las gallinas negras la mayor cantidad de huevos blancos y marrones. Las correlaciones entre el color de las aves y las variables número de huevos, peso del huevo e índice de puesta resultaron positivas pero débiles y no significativas. El color del huevo solamente presento correlaciones positivas con el número de huevos e índice de puesta, variables relacionadas con la edad de las gallinas.
Action Research for Unearthing Paradigmatic Assumptions in a MALL Environment: Reflecting on a WhatsApp™ Intervention to Support Foundation Year Students' Communication
Authors: Alsowayegh Najat Hussein , Garba Ibrahim
Published: June 2021

The current study is the first of a two-part action research study to support student's communication using WhatsApp™ at a Foundation Year language program in Saudi Arabia. The study focused on unearthing the assumptions behind the support using factual knowledge gathered from 24 female students. Using a questionnaire that included ten closed-ended questions and a focus on three open-ended questions, the data indicated that the students found the MALL environment and the content agreed with supporting their learning. Some students opined their challenges of remaining in the environment. Others found learning in the MALL environment helpful and improved their reading and writing. Taking an action research approach allowed the two teacher-researchers to unearth the paradigmatic purpose behind supporting students in the MALL environment. The current research falls within the scope of surfacing and linking MALL action with MALL practice, contributing to the active bridging of the paradigmatic purpose of sharing content with students outside their classes in a MALL environment. 
The Potential of the Dutch Corporate Governance Model for Sustainable Governance and Long Term Stakeholder Value
Authors: Lokin Manuel , Veldman Jeroen
Published: June 2021

The Potential of the Dutch Corporate Governance Model for Sustainable Governance and Long Term Stakeholder Value

This article addresses the question of how the Dutch regulatory and institutional setting enables policy coherence, specifically with regard to safeguarding stakeholders’ interests and promoting sustainable governance. To address this question, we engage with idiosyncratic theoretical notions in the Dutch corporate governance model. We follow the evolution of these notions in statutory company law and case law, their development in the Dutch Corporate Governance Code and their relation to the Enterprise Chamber as a unique institution. We establish how these theoretical views and practical institutions present significant means by which stakeholder concerns may be represented in the operation of company law and corporate governance more broadly and provide a number of ways in which these institutions and their operation can be further developed.
Corpos que vendem produtos: catálogos de cosméticos e assimetrias com a atual publicidade inclusiva
Authors: Malta Renata Barreto , Alves Santos Crislayne , Acsa de Souza Santos Erika
Published: June 2021

Pretendemos discutir a representatividade da mulher brasileira em catálogos de venda de produtos de beleza das marcas Avon Brasil e Natura. Partimos da observação não científica de um suposto novo posicionamento das marcas expresso em ações publicitárias, em que se percebe uma representação mais plural da mulher. Assim, nosso objetivo principal é identificar se esse novo posicionamento é também refletido em seus catálogos. A pesquisa se alicerça em uma etapa empírica de Análise de Conteúdo do corpus e interpretação qualitativa e teoricamente embasada dos dados, seguindo os pressupostos da Teoria Fundamentada em Dados. Em suma, concluímos que uma representação mais plural está centrada nas capas dos catálogos analisados, especialmente no que se refere à marca Avon Brasil, mas que o conteúdo geral continua a refletir um modelo de representação uníssono e excludente da mulher no que concerne à forma corporal, à manutenção da juventude e a fenótipos étnico-raciais.
Espectáculo, alienación positiva y subjetividad inmanente
Authors: Labajos Sebastian Vidal
Published: June 2021

Este artículo da cuenta de la especificidad de la propuesta teórica de Guy Debord, en concreto, de sus conceptos de espectáculo, alienación y subjetividad. Se abordará un análisis comparado a partir de las novedosas lecturas de Marx, lo que permite revisar la obra de Debord, señalando sus tensiones internas y sus potencialidades teóricas. En primer lugar, el análisis multilateral del concepto de espectáculo permite una aproximación novedosa y sofisticada de la propuesta elaborada por Debord incidiendo en su complejidad y en su polisemia. Además, la impugnación del trabajo como actividad humana transhistórica, planteada por Postone, permite una revisión tanto de una noción negativa de alienación, como la de una subjetividad trascendente. Finalmente, esta revisión crítica de los principales conceptos aportados por Debord permite una redefinición históricamente situada de las nociones de subjetividad, alienación y de conflicto social liberando al pensamiento crítico de la necesidad de un sostén ahistórico.
Non-existent resolutions and negative resolutions of a homeowner
association
Authors: Szanciło Tomasz
Published: June 2021

The issue of non-existent and negative resolutions of bodies of legal persons or entities referred
to in Article 331 § 1 of the Civil Code causes a great deal of controversy in legal scholars’ writings
and jurisprudence. Their essence will be discussed in this article. The basic problem is to determine
whether a member of a homeowner association is entitled to bring an action to establish the
non-existence of a resolution, and whether both positive resolutions and negative resolutions that
produce legal effects may be subject to judicial review. The answer should be affirmative. It offers
the possibility of exercising supervision over the functioning of a homeowner association. A contrary
motion deprives members of a homeowner association of any legal protection and distorts the
essence of such a community. One has to have regard for the fact that the purpose of an action to
repeal a resolution adopted by owners of premises is to nullify the legal effects resulting therefrom
and, thus, to eliminate the legal relationship that arose as a result of adopting the resolution. Therefore,
a specific legal effect must occur to be able to speak of a negative resolution.
The essence of a mortgage as a limited property right. Commentary on
the decision of the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court of 6 June 2019,
case file no. II CSK 680/17, and the judgment of 6 June 2019, case file
no. II CSK 204/18
Type of commentary: approving
Authors: Dalkowska Maria
Published: June 2021

The gloss discusses the rulings on the essence and content of a mortgage that break the uniform
and well-established line of rulings according to which a mortgage entitles a mortgage creditor
to demand payment from the owner of the object encumbered with it as a debtor in rem. In the
abovemntioned rulings the Supreme Court accepted without any doubt that a mortgage is executed
by monetising the object mortgaged in the course of enforcement proceedings and any other
definition of its content contradicts its legal nature as the right in rem. Consequently, the Supreme
Court deemed it inadmissible to apply Article 319 the Code of Civil Procedure to decisions regarding
satisfaction of a mortgage creditor from the object of a mortgage, which article has been unambiguously
classified as applying only to personal liability.
IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ON WORKERS’ INCOMES
Authors: Sztyber Władysław Bogdan
Published: June 2021

The article presents the impact of the level of education of employees on their income in various terms. One of them is a study based on the OECD data from 2004–2005, which shows the differentiation of incomes of employees with different levels of education on the basis of the relative differentiation between them, assuming the income level of employees with upper secondary education as 100 and referring to it respectively the income level of employees with higher education and the level of income of employees with lower secondary education. The article then presents a more elaborate study of the impact of the level of education of employees on their incomes in the European Union, included in the Report “The European Higher Education Area in 2015”. This survey shows the impact of the education level of employees on the median of their gross annual income in the European Union and in the individual Member States. The article also compares the income differentiation depending on the level of education, based on the OECD data for 2004–2005, with the results of surveys on European Union Member States in 2010 and 2013.
Desenvolvimento de um Aplicativo Móvel para Fiscalização do Uso dos Recursos Hídricos (SIGFIS)
Authors: Vasconcelos Lourivaldo J. F. C. , Ferreira Helvio A. L. , Domingues Jeisa P. O. , Domingues Marco A. O , Silva Hernande P.
Published: June 2021

A gestão dos recursos hídricos vem passando por transformações tornando urgente o desenvolvimento de ferramentas de apoio à gestão e fiscalização, com caráter educativo e regulador. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo que auxilie na atividade de fiscalização dos recursos hídricos utilizando sistemas de informações geográficas. Intitulado SIGFIS, utilizando o sistema operacional Android com linguagem de programação Kotlin, com dados em formatos georreferenciados e planos de informações, o aplicativo visa auxiliar os agentes fiscais em suas visitas a campo, acurácia nas autuações e agilidade nos serviços, visto que reúne informações relevantes e imprescindíveis ao seu trabalho
Detecção de Anomalias em Padrões Acústicos, de Temperatura e Umidade Sazonais para Abelhas Melíferas (Apis mellifera L.)
Authors: Rodrigues Ícaro De Lima , Melo Davyd B. de , Freitas Breno M. , Gomes Danielo G.
Published: June 2021

O Distúrbio do Colapso das Colônias (Colony Collapse Disorder, CCD) é um fenômeno associado ao desaparecimento repentino de abelhas melíferas em colônias manejadas. Registrado nos EUA desde 2006, o CCD tem como possíveis causas desde as variações climáticas, uso incorreto de defensivos químicos até pragas e doenças. Neste sentido, soluções computacionais criativas podem contribuir para um melhor entendimento da sanidade e do bem-estar das abelhas. Neste artigo, aplicamos modelos de aprendizagem de máquina para detectar anomalias em padrões acústicos de abelhas melíferas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) e em padrões de temperatura e de umidade sazonais internas em colmeias com abelhas de raça europeia. Três modelos preditivos foram implementados: Modelo de Mistura de Gaussianas (GMM), Máquina de Aprendizado Extremo (ELM) e Máquina de Vetor de Suporte para uma classe (OC-SVM). Utilizamos datasets com dados de temperatura e umidade internas de duas colmeias de abelhas melíferas localizadas nas cidades de Bournemouth (Inglaterra) e Würtzburg (Alemanha) e um dataset com áudio de uma colônia melífera em Fortaleza-CE (Brasil). Para temperatura e umidade, os melhores resultados ocorreram para anomalias sazonais, nas quais o algoritmo ELM alcançou uma acurácia média de 92,6%. Para os áudios, destacamos o algoritmo GMM (acurácia média de 84,9%) na detecção de ausência da rainha.
Avaliando a Sobrecarga de Mecanismos Criptográficos Simétricos na Internet das Coisas: Uma Comparação Quantitativa entre os Protocolos MQTT e CoAP
Authors: Quincozes Vagner E. , Quincozes Silvio E. , Kazienko Juliano F.
Published: June 2021

A Internet das Coisas é uma realidade tanto na indústria quanto na vida cotidiana das pessoas. Nesse contexto, informações sensíveis relacionadas a indivíduos, empresas e governos devem ser mantidas em sigilo. No entanto, a escolha de mecanismos criptográficos para essa finalidade deve considerar a disponibilidade de recursos dos dispositivos. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma avaliação de diferentes mecanismos criptográficos simétricos para fornecer confidencialidade às mensagens dos protocolos MQTT e CoAP. São analisadas métricas como o consumo energético e o tempo de resposta. Experimentos práticos indicam que a escolha do algoritmo criptográfico pode levar a uma economia de até 32,29% de energia e uma redução de 41,60% no uso de CPU.
Modelagem Hierárquica e Heterogênea para Avaliação de Disponibilidade de Aplicações Big Data na Nuvem Privada
Authors: Cunha A. C. , Callou G. R. A. , Sousa E. T. G. , Tavares E. A. G.
Published: June 2021

O crescente desenvolvimento de serviços em nuvem e um aumento exponencial no volume de dados produzidos fez do Hadoop a plataforma padrão para gerenciamento e processamento de dados em ambientes de Big Data. Garantir a alta disponibilidade dos serviços em nuvem é um critério essencial. No entanto, torna-se uma tarefa complicada, dado o número de componentes do sistema. Portanto, propomos uma estratégia de modelagem baseada em redes de Petri estocásticas (SPN) e diagramas de blocos de confiabilidade (RBD) para avaliar a disponibilidade e confiabilidade dos serviços em nuvem, considerando diferentes mecanismos redundantes. Este artigo adota análise de sensibilidade para avaliar o componente que mais afeta a disponibilidade do cluster Hadoop configurado na plataforma de nuvem OpenStack.
Paralelização Automática de Código em CUDA Utilizando Aprendizagem por Reforço
Authors: Soares Felipe A. L. , Silveira Tiago B. , Marques-Neto Humberto T. , Freitas Henrique C.
Published: June 2021

O uso de programação paralela torna-se cada vez mais essencial, bem como o uso de ferramentas que auxiliam o programador nas tarefas de paralelismo e obtenção do melhor desempenho da arquitetura utilizada. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é a criação de uma otimização de paralelização de código em C/C++ que utiliza Aprendizagem por Reforço para realizar a paralelização automática de código em GPU utilizando a linguagem CUDA. Os experimentos realizados mostraram que a otimização criada é capaz de realizar a paralelização automática em CUDA, conseguindo altos speedups.
Optimizing of Q-Learning Day/Night Energy Strategy for Solar Harvesting Environmental Wireless Sensor Networks Nodes
Authors: Prauzek Michal , Konecny Jaromir
Published: June 2021

This research article presents the application of the Q-learning algorithm in the operational duty cycle control of solar-powered environmental wireless sensor network (EWSN) nodes. Those nodes are commonly implemented as embedded devices using low-power and low-cost microcontrollers. Therefore, there is a significant need for an effective and easy way to implement a machine learning (ML) algorithm in terms of computer performance. This approach uses a Q-learning-based policy implementing a sleep/run switching algorithm driven by the state of charge. The presented algorithm is based on two modes: daylight and nighttime, which is a suitable solution for solar-powered systems. The study includes the complete process of design EWSN node strategy with an optimal reward policy. The presented algorithm was tested and verified on an EWSN node model and a 5-year data set of solar irradiance values was used for the learning process and its validation. As part of the study, we are also presenting the validation in terms of Q-learning parameters, which include the learning rate and discount factor. The result section shows that the overall performance of the presented solution is more suitable for solar-powered EWSN then state-of-the-art studies. Both day/night experiments reached 828 203 measurement/transmission cycles, which is 12.7 % more than in the previous studies using the strategy defined by the state of energy storage.
Binary Quantization Analysis of Neural Networks Weights on MNIST Dataset
Authors: Peric Zoran H. , Denic Bojan D. , Savic Milan S. , Vucic Nikola J. , Simic Nikola B.
Published: June 2021

This paper considers the design of a binary scalar quantizer of Laplacian source and its application in compressed neural networks. The quantizer performance is investigated in a wide dynamic range of data variances, and for that purpose, we derive novel closed-form expressions. Moreover, we propose two selection criteria for the variance range of interest. Binary quantizers are further implemented for compressing neural network weights and its performance is analysed for a simple classification task. Good matching between theory and experiment is observed and a great possibility for implementation is indicated.
Combine Harvester Cooling Water Temperature Prediction Based on CDAE-LSTM Hybrid Model
Authors: Fu Yining , Xu Baoyan , Ni Xindong , Liu Yehong , Wang Xin
Published: June 2021

Cooling water temperature of the combine harvester during operations can reflect the changes of its power consumption and even overloads caused by extreme workload. There is an existing problem when extracting water temperature information from harvesters: data redundancy and the loss of time series feature. To solve such problem, a Convolutional denoising autoencoder and Long-Short Term Memory Artificial Neural Network (CDAE-LSTM) hybrid model based on parameter migration is proposed to predict temperature trends. Firstly, the historical data of the combine harvester are taken into account to perform correlation analysis to verify the input rationality of the proposed model. Secondly, pre-training has been performed to determine the model’s initial migration parameters, along with the adoption of CDAE to denoise and reconstruct the input data. Finally, after the migration, the CNN-LSTM hybrid model was trained with a real dataset and was able to predict the cooling water temperature. The accuracy of the model has been verified by field test data gathered in June 2019. Results show that the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the model is 0.0817, and the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.0989. Compared with the performance of LSTM on the prediction data, the RMSE improvement rate is 2.272 %, and the MAE improvement rate is 20.113 %. It is proven that the adoption of CDAE stabilizes the model, and the CDAE-LSTM hybrid model shows higher accuracy and lower uncertainty for time series prediction.
On the Causal Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Marital Satisfaction: Mediating Role of Gottman's Marital Communication Model
Authors: Mardani Maryam , Marashi Sayed Ali , Abbaspour Zabihollah
Published: June 2021

Background: Marital satisfaction is one of the main factors affecting the quality of life in marital relationships. It refers to individuals’ positive attitudes toward their marital relationship, and marital dissatisfaction is a negative and displeased attitude toward various aspects of marital relationship. Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the causal relationship between attachment styles and marital satisfaction regarding the mediating role of Gottman’s marital communication model. Methods: The statistical population encompassed all university students in Ahvaz in the academic year 2019 - 2020. The multi-stage random sampling method was used, and 230 persons were selected as the study samples. Hudson's Index of Marital Satisfaction (IMS), Coolins and Reed's Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), and Gottman's Communication Skills Scale (FHS) were also used to collect the data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26 and AMOS software version 24. Results: The results indicated that the study model well-fitted the study population, and all direct paths were statistically significant. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between secure attachment, anxiety-insecure attachment, and avoidance-insecure attachment with marital satisfaction mediated by Gottman's communication skills (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Given the effect of Gottman’s couple attachment styles and four communication skills on marital satisfaction, their effectiveness in marital satisfaction is proved. Accordingly, therapists are recommended to implement educational and treatment programs containing cognitive and preventive attachment styles and Gottman’s communication skills to promote couples' marital satisfaction.
Evaluation of Chemical Composition of Hamadan Propolis as a Potential Anticancer Agent
Authors: Dastan Dara , Mahmoudi Roghayeh , Saidijam Massoud , Gholamzadeh Khoei Saeideh , Hasan Abdali Maede , Afshar Saeid
Published: June 2021

: This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and anticancer activity of Hamadan propolis essential oil and methanolic extract on HCT116 cell line. The anticancer activity of propolis methanolic extract and essential oil was evaluated by using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) test on the colorectal HCT116 cell line. The essential oil of Hamadan propolis was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total flavonoid and phenolic content of methanolic extract were assessed using the aluminum chloride colorimetric procedures and Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) assay, respectively. The results of MTT assay confirmed the anticancer properties of Hamadan propolis essential oil and methanolic extract on the HCT116 cell line. Moreover, 30 compounds were characterized from Hamadan propolis essential oil, the main compounds of which included β-udesmol (25.7%), α-udesmol (20.4%), α-copaen-11-ol (13.7%), and γ-udesmol (10.1%). In addition, the total flavonoid content and total phenolic content of the methanolic extract were 14.12 mg/g and 32.01 mg/g dry weight, respectively. In summary, the most important constituents of Hamadan propolis essential oil were β-u desmol, α-eudesmol, α-copaen, and γ-u desmol. Despite the cytotoxic effects of Hamadan propolis methanolic extract and essential oil on HCT116, further evaluation of anticancer effects of the most important constituents of propolis methanolic extract and essential oil is recommended.
Acetazolamide-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Authors: Moffett Brady S. , Kulik Kelli , Khichi Mahmood , Arikan Ayse
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine the incidence and risk factors for intravenous acetazolamide-associated acute kidney injury (AKI).

METHODS We utilized a retrospective cohort study including patients <19 years of age initiated on intravenous acetazolamide while admitted to an ICU. Data collection included patient demographics, clinical variables, acetazolamide dosing, and serum creatinine (SCr) values. Incidence of AKI was assessed per Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Descriptive statistical analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the incidence of AKI and variables associated with AKI.

RESULTS A total of 868 patients met study criteria (male 55.8%, median age 0.66 years [IQR 0.19, 3.0 years]). Intravenous acetazolamide was administered at 5.1 ± 2.8 mg/kg/dose for a median of 4 doses (IQR 2, 6). Median baseline SCr was 0.28 mg/dL (IQR 0.22, 0.37), corresponding to a creatinine clearance of 115 ± 55 mL/min/1.73 m2. Acute kidney injury occurred in 26.8% (n = 233) of patients (stage I = 20.1%, stage II = 3.7%, stage III 3.1%), and no patients received renal replacement therapy. An ordinal logistic regression model identified an increased odds of AKI with cyclosporine, ethacrynic acid, and piperacillin-tazobactam administration.

CONCLUSIONS Acute kidney injury occurs frequently in critically ill pediatric patients receiving intravenous acetazolamide.
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Compliance With Pharmacy Workflow During a Pediatric Oncology Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) Launch
Authors: Dinora Devin R. , Elder Joshua J. , Harwood Kyle A.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

There is a lack of published literature detailing how computerized physician order entry (CPOE) pharmacy workflow is designed and implemented. The intent of this project was to design, implement, and assess compliance with the pharmacy workflow required for launching CPOE to improve the safety and efficiency of chemotherapy order entry for pediatric patients.

METHODS

This process implementation project took place in 2 phases, which included the design and implementation of pharmacy workflow education, and retrospective chart review of patients who received chemotherapy ordered through CPOE. An anonymous survey was also distributed to pharmacy staff, nurses, and physicians, and an assessment of any CPOE-related safety reports was completed.

RESULTS

Eighty-three patients received intravenous and/or intrathecal chemotherapy ordered via the CPOE software, Beacon, within the electronic medical record system, Epic, in the first 30 days post-launch across both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Overall compliance with the CPOE workflow for entering chemotherapy plans was 77% and >66% compliance with the order preparation process. Pharmacists provided an average of 1.6 interventions per review. The pharmacy was able to prepare chemotherapy within the allotted institutional time benchmarks in most cases. An overall combined multidisciplinary survey response rate of 30.6% was achieved. Twenty-eight Beacon-related patient safety reports were filed in the first 2 weeks post-launch.

CONCLUSIONS

The Beacon launch at this single pediatric institution was successful, and the pharmacy workflow was shown to greatly affect the overall success of the launch of CPOE. The careful prospective design, education, implementation, and retrospective review of the pharmacy workflow is key to process implementation related to chemotherapy CPOE.
Putting (social) science in its place(s)
Authors: Rodriguez Medina Leandro
Published: June 2021

Book review ofHeilbron, Johan, Sorá, Gustavo, and Boncourt, Thibaud (eds). 2018. The Social and Human Sciences in Global Power Relations. London: Palgrave. 371 pp.ISBN 978-3-319-73298-5Price: €128,39
¿Puede la inteligencia artificial interpretar normas jurídicas? Un problema de razón práctica
Authors: Rodríguez Puerto Manuel
Published: June 2021

La formalizacio?n del razonamiento juri?dico y, especi?ficamente, de la interpretacio?n es un viejo suen?o de nuestra cultura. Hoy, la Inteligencia Artificial parece lista para cumplir esa tarea. Teo?ricos computacionales y lo?gicos esta?n desarrollando herramientas te?cnicas para estructurar modelos formales de interpretacio?n juri?dica u?tiles para la Inteligencia Artificial. Sin embargo, estos esfuerzos han conseguido so?lo formalizaciones abstractas, que no son capaces de resolver cuestiones materiales sobre la respuesta correcta ante un caso nuevo. Los algoritmos no pueden descubrir, ni evaluar, problemas humanos sin la ayuda de programadores; no pueden decidir entre hipo?tesis interpretativas alternativas; en fin, la Inteligencia Artificial no puede cumplir con las exigencias de la razo?n pra?ctica en el derecho.
Pérez Caballero, Jesús. Her. Personas, máquinas y derecho. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch, 2019.
Authors: García Cívico Jesús
Published: June 2021

Reseña a: Pérez Caballero, Jesús. Her. Personas, máquinas y derecho. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch, 2019.
Atienza, Manuel. Una apología del Derecho y otros ensayos. Madrid: Trotta, 2020.
Authors: Simões Nascimento Roberta
Published: June 2021

Reseña a: Atienza, Manuel. Una apología del Derecho y otros ensayos. Madrid: Trotta, 2020.
Quicios Molina, Susana y Álvarez Medina, Silvina. El Derecho frente a la violencia dentro de la familia: Un acercamiento multidisciplinar a la violencia de género y la protección de los hijos menores de edad. Pamplona: Aranzadi, 2019.
Authors: De Miguel Márquez Carolina
Published: June 2021

Reseña a: Quicios Molina, Susana y Álvarez Medina, Silvina. El Derecho frente a la violencia dentro de la familia: Un acercamiento multidisciplinar a la violencia de género y la protección de los hijos menores de edad. Pamplona: Aranzadi, 2019.
Ferrer Beltrán, Jordi. Prueba sin convicción. Estándares de prueba y debido proceso. Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2021.
Authors: Nieva-Fenoll Jordi
Published: June 2021

Reseña a: Ferrer Beltrán, Jordi. Prueba sin convicción. Estándares de prueba y debido proceso. Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2021.
Kapitan Phillips w Zatoce Adeńskiej: refleksje na temat przestrzegania praw człowieka na morzu i zwalczania piractwa
Authors:   Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico, Stępień Barbara , Łubiński Piotr ,   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie
Published: June 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki przestrzegania praw człowieka na morzu podczas operacji zwalczania piractwa i rozboju wobec statków. Analiza prowadzona była na przykładzie sytuacji panującej na obszarze Zatoki Adeńskiej oraz piractwa somalijskiego. Autorzy dokonali analizy międzynarodowych regulacji prawnych z zakresu prawa morza i praw człowieka ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przestrzegania i ochrony praw człowieka w zależności od obszaru morskiego (morza terytorialnego, strefy przyległej oraz morza pełnego), na którym dochodzi do ich naruszania. Tematyka przestrzegania praw człowieka w kontekście obszarów morskich nie była jak dotąd przedmiotem publikacji naukowych w języku polskim, a w związku z jej szczególnym znaczeniem społecznym i prawnym (m.in. w świetle kryzysu migracyjnego w basenie Morza Śródziemnego) konieczne staje się jej zaprezentowanie. W podsumowaniu autorzy wskazują, że regulacje dotyczące piractwa oraz aktów rozboju wobec statków mają charakter jedynie ramowy i konieczne jest stworzenie konkretnych procedur postępowania z piratami na poziomie międzynarodowym (z uwzględnieniem międzynarodowych standardów ochrony praw człowieka).
Adaptação da Escala de Uso Compulsivo da Internet (CIUS) para o Brasil
Authors: Medeiros Emerson Diógenes , Silva Sales Hemerson Fillipy , Lopes Bruna De Jesus , Nascimento Anderson Mesquita do , Mariano Tailson Evangelista , Da Silva Paulo Gregório Nascimento
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo objetivou adaptar a Escala de Uso Compulsivo da Internet (CIUS) para o Brasil verificando seus parâmetros de validade e precisão. Para isso contou-se com uma amostra de 201 usuários de internet encontrados em redes sociais, sendo a maioria do Piauí (84%), do sexo feminino (55, 7 %) e com idades variando entre 13 e 45 anos (M = 22,50; DP = 4,55). A princípio foi verificado o poder discriminativo dos itens, onde todos se apresentaram satisfatórios. Posteriormente para verificar a validade do instrumento, utilizou-se de uma Análise dos Componentes Principais, que apontou uma estrutura unidimensional; e uma análise de Regressão Bivariada que confirmou sua validade preditiva. Por fim verificou-se a precisão através do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, obtendo-se um alfa α = 0,91. Conclui-se com esses resultados, que a CIUS possui bons parâmetros psicométricos, podendo assim, ser usada em estudos futuros para identificar usuários compulsivos de internet.
Effect of scratch defects on photoinduced damage characteristics of fused quartz
Authors: Liu Ya-li , Qi Lei , Zheng Meng-Ke , Zhang Rong-Zhu ,   College of Electronics and Information Engineering, SiChuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Published: June 2021

When a laser beam irradiates an optical material, a light standing wave field should be observed inside the optical material due to the interference between the beam reflected from the rear surface and the incident beam. If there are scratches on the surface, the incident light can be modulated and the distribution of the standing wave field inside the material is not uniform any more. Therefore, the appearance of the local enhancement of light will change the damage characteristics of optical material. To analyze the field damage characteristics of optical material with scratches, a theoretical analysis model is established. It can be used to study the damage characteristics and build a priori model of actual optical material. Fused quartz is employed as the study object, and the modulation effect of defect on light field is simulated by finite difference time domain (FDTD). Based on the electron multiplication theory, the effect of the number and the positions of scratches on the damage characteristics of fused quartz are calculated in detail. The results show that the phase modulation of the scratch will destroy the uniformity of the standing wave field when the scratch defect material is irradiated by laser. Due to the influence of the standing wave field, the maximum field intensity appears near the rear surface of the material, which explains the phenomenon that the rear surface of the material is more prone to damage points. When there are multiple scratches on the material surface, the distribution of light field is related to the number of the scratches. Specifically, the maximum field intensity increases with the number of scratches increasing. Taking fused quartz material for example, when a 10-ps pulse is incident on it, if three scratches are located on its surface, then the modulation effect on the light field is strongest, and the damage threshold is 66.1% lower than that of the ideal material. In addition, the scratch spacing also has an effect on the standing wave field and field damage characteristics of the material, and the specific effect of the interval can be analyzed directly by using the calculation model proposed in this paper.