bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ruptured retinoblastoma: management in a rare case scenario
Authors: Khanum Aayesha , Mochi Basavaraj Thirumalesh , Dudeja Gagan
Published: June 2022

A preschool child presented with white reflex in left eye since 2 months. Examination under anaesthesia revealed left eye retinoblastoma group D as per international classification of retinoblastoma. In collaboration with medical oncologist, systemic chemotherapy was started. After two cycles of systemic chemotherapy, tumour ruptured into the vitreous cavity suspending the tumour cells in the vitreous jelly. After a combination of systemic and intravitreal chemotherapy with adjuvant transpupillary thermotherapy of the residual retinal tumour, retinoblastoma regressed completely with corresponding flat scar.
Emulating value-chains of fast-moving consumer goods to improve uptake of co-packaged ORS and zinc for childhood diarrhoea: evaluation of the ColaLife trial
Authors: Ramchandani Rohit , Berry Simon , Berry Jane , Tembo Stephen , Black Robert E
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Oral rehydration salts (ORS) and zinc comprise the globally recommended treatment for diarrhoea in children aged <5 years. However, limited access contributes to low uptake of this treatment and subsequently high rates of morbidity and mortality among this age group in low-income and middle-income countries. We adopted approaches used for private-sector value-chains of fast-moving consumer-goods, involving the simultaneous stimulation of supply and demand. These approaches were applied to the introduction of an innovative co-packaged diarrhoea-treatment kit (ORSZ co-pack) to increase ORS and zinc coverage at the community level in Zambia.

Methods

We tested our approach using an observational pre–post test study design in two intervention districts in rural Zambia (Kalomo and Katete), each with a matched comparator (Monze and Petauke, respectively). We assessed the effect on coverage, of ORS and zinc as well as ORS alone, by conducting household surveys of a total of 2458 and 2477 caregivers of children aged <5 years at baseline and endline, respectively, across the four districts. We also assessed whether the source of ORS (public or private sector) changed following the intervention.

Results

Both intervention districts experienced significant increases in coverage of ORS and zinc from <1% at baseline to 46.9% and 46.3% in Kalomo and Katete, respectively. Uptake in the comparator districts remained low at 1.7% and 0.6% in Monze and Petauke, respectively. For the secondary outcome examining ORS coverage (with or without zinc), the intervention was associated with a significant increase in Kalomo versus Monze, but not in Katete versus Petauke. There was a clear shift from the public to the private sector, and specifically to the use of the ORSZ co-pack.

Conclusion

Implementation of a value-chain creation approach for an innovative, over-the-counter, co-packaged diarrhoea-treatment kit can significantly improve the coverage of ORS and zinc.
Clinical heterogeneity between two subgroups of patients with idiopathic orbital inflammation
Authors: Kubota Toshinobu , Iwakoshi Akari
Published: June 2022

Objective

Idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) is a group of orbital inflammatory diseases of unknown etiopathogenesis. We investigated whether patients with IOI have clinical heterogeneity based on the presence (typical group) or absence (atypical group) of a unique onset that periocular inflammatory symptoms emerge suddenly but progress slowly.

Methods and analysis

This retrospective cohort study included 195 patients diagnosed with IOI. We analysed the clinical data of patients, including the outcomes of corticosteroid treatment, in two subgroups stratified on the basis of the presence (130 patients) or absence (65 patients) of the unique onset.

Results

Patients in the typical group were significantly younger at disease onset than those in the atypical group (median age; 52 vs 65 years, p=0.002); had more ocular adnexa-specific lesions, namely, dacryoadenitis, myositis, scleritis and optic perineuritis (78% vs 45%, p=0.00001); and had significantly fewer associations with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (4% vs 15%, p=0.004). Among 30/119 patients (25%) who were steroid refractory in the typical group, a long period of time from symptom onset to initiation of treatment was a significant steroid-refractory risk factor (OR: 16.7), whereas, among the 18/40 patients (45%) who were steroid refractory in the atypical group, intraconal diffuse lesions were a significant steroid-refractory risk factor (OR: 8.8).

Conclusion

This cohort study suggests clinical heterogeneity between the two subgroups of patients with IOI.
Sickle cell trait and multisystem trauma: an unaddressed urgent knowledge gap
Authors: Tessema Frazer A , Lapping-Carr Gabrielle , Affini Murtala I , Selkridge Isaiah K , Oppong Akosua Y , Jones Tanisha A , Zakrison Tanya
Published: June 2022

Sickle cell trait (SCT) has historically been considered a benign condition, but SCT-positive patients have increased baseline risk of venous thromboembolism and chronic kidney disease, as well as increased risk of sickled erythrocytes in settings of hypoxia, acidosis, and hypovolemia. Multisystem traumatic injuries are a common clinical scenario, in which hypoxia, acidosis, and hypovolemia occur; however, little is known about how SCT-positive status impacts outcomes in multisystem trauma. We conducted a scoping literature review to investigate what was known about SCT in the setting of multisystem trauma. In the 110+ years that sickle cell hemoglobinopathies have been known, only three studies have ever examined the relationship between SCT and multisystem traumas. All three articles were case reports. None of the articles intentionally measured the association between SCT and multisystem trauma outcomes; they only incidentally captured information on SCT. Our article then examines historical reasons why so little research has studied the pathophysiology of the multisystem trauma in patients with SCT. Among the reasons is that historical and logistical factors have long prevented patients from knowing their SCT-status: historical discriminations against SCT-positive patients in the 1960s and 1970s delayed federal mandating of SCT newborn screening until 2006, whereas difficulties communicating known SCT-status to afflicted children also contributed to lack of patient knowledge. In light of our findings, we offer specific calls to action for the trauma surgery research community: (1) consider testing for SCT in trauma patients that have unexpected complications, particularly venous thromboembolism, rhabdomyolysis, or renal failure and (2) support research to understand how SCT impacts multisystem trauma outcomes. We also offer specific guidelines about how to ‘proceed with caution’ in implementation of these goals in light of the troubled history of SCT testing and policy in the USA.
Dremel
Authors: Zhao Chenxingyu , Chugh Tapan , Min Jaehong , Liu Ming , Krishnamurthy Arvind
Published: June 2022

LSM-tree-based key-value stores like RocksDB are widely used to support many applications. However, configuring a RocksDB instance is challenging for the following reasons: 1) RocksDB has a massive parameter space to configure; 2) there are inherent trade-offs and dependencies between parameters; 3) right configurations are dependent on workload and hardware; and 4) evaluating configurations is time-consuming. Prior works struggle with handling the curse of dimensionality, capturing relationships between parameters, adapting configurations to workload and hardware, and evaluating quickly. In this work, we present a system, Dremel, to adaptively and quickly configure RocksDB with strategies based on the Multi-Armed Bandit model. To handle the massive parameter space, we propose using fused features, which encode domain-specific knowledge, to work as a compact and powerful representation for configurations. To adapt to the workload and hardware, we build an online bandit model to identify the best configuration. To evaluate quickly, we enable multi-fidelity evaluation and upper-confidence-bound sampling to speed up identifying the best configuration. Dremel not only achieves up to ×2.61 higher IOPS and 57% less latency than default configurations but also achieves up to 63% improvements over prior works on 18 different settings with the same or less time budget.
Privacy-preserving Collaborative Filtering by Distributed Mediation
Authors: Tassa Tamir , Horin Alon Ben
Published: June 2022

Recommender systems have become very influential in our everyday decision making, e.g., helping us choose a movie from a content platform, or offering us suitable products on e-commerce websites. While most vendors who utilize recommender systems rely exclusively on training data consisting of past transactions that took place through them, it would be beneficial to base recommendations on the rating data of more than one vendor. However, enlarging the training data by means of sharing information between different vendors may jeopardize the privacy of users. We devise here secure multi-party protocols that enable the practice of Collaborative Filtering (CF) in a manner that preserves the privacy of the vendors and users. Shmueli and Tassa [
38
] introduced privacy-preserving protocols of CF that involved a mediator; namely, an external entity that assists in performing the computations. They demonstrated the significant advantages of mediation in that context. We take here the mediation approach into the next level by using several independent mediators. Such distributed mediation maintains all of the advantages that were identified by Shmueli and Tassa, and offers additional ones, in comparison with the single-mediator protocols: stronger security and dramatically shorter runtimes. In addition, while all prior art assumed limited and unrealistic settings, in which each user can purchase any given item through only one vendor, we consider here a general and more realistic setting, which encompasses all previously considered settings, where users can choose between different competing vendors. We demonstrate the appealing performance of our protocols through extensive experimentation.
Performance Evaluation
Authors: Le Boudec Jean-Yves
Published: June 2022

Lectures that use probability or statistics often appear complex to students, sometimes because the underlying stochastic models are not explicited. Writing a stochastic simulation program is a common exercise in a performance evaluation course, and we can view a simulation program as an implementation of a stochastic model. Thus, students who took such a course are trained to fully specify stochastic models, and this can help them fully understand probabilistic statements. We give examples in the context of random graphs as well as in the interpretation of residual scores in machine learning. Last we observe that Palm calculus, which is at the heart of classical queuing theory, can be used to provide important insights into sampling problems encountered in data collection tasks.
Methods—A Practical Approach to the Reversible Hydrogen Electrode Scale
Authors: Zamora Zeledón José A. , Jackson Ariel , Stevens Michaela Burke , Kamat Gaurav A. , Jaramillo Thomas F.
Published: June 2022

Accurately quantifying applied potential is important to ensuring the comparability, accuracy, and precision of electrochemical studies. Reference electrodes (REs) enable knowledge/determination of the applied potential at electrodes in electrochemical systems. Ultimately, the choice of RE will depend on the particular requirements of a given electrochemical system, however, we note it is imperative to ensure the accuracy of the RE potential and its proper translation to a standardized scale. In this work, we highlight that while there are many commercially available REs, these must be experimentally calibrated to a reliable and practical standard potential scale, for instance the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) scale for aqueous systems. With representative data, we provide streamlined instructions on how to calibrate any RE to the RHE scale. We also provide guidance to mitigate and/or avoid possible electrolyte contamination issues arising from REs. Moreover, we offer a step-by-step guide on how to build a practical RHE RE, which may be a suitable and desirable option in certain applications. Our work emphasizes the need for the continuous adoption of standardized reference potential scales and demonstrates the versatility of the RHE scale, particularly in aqueous electrochemistry.
Effect of Annealing Conditions on Recovery of Lattice Damage in a High-Energy-Implanted 4H-SiC Superjunction PIN Diode
Authors: Chen Zeyu , Liu Yafei , Peng Hongyu , Cheng Qianyu , Hu Shanshan , Raghothamachar Balaji , Dudley Michael , Ghandi Reza , Kennerly Stacey , Thieberger Peter
Published: June 2022

A high energy ion implantation system has been recently developed at the Tandem Van de Graaff facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory with tunable energy to 150 MeV capable of multi-step, deep implantation in 4H-SiC wafers with dopant atoms, such as B, P, Al, and N. Medium and high voltage devices with deep junctions can be fabricated using this system. Lattice strain introduced by the implantation process needs to be recovered and dopant atoms activated by appropriate annealing process as the device performance is strongly associated with the extent of recovery of the lattice. Using Synchrotron X-ray Rocking Curve Topography (SXRCT) and Reciprocal Space Mapping (RSM), the strain induced by high energy implantation of Al and N in 4H-SiC in different patterns are measured and mapped. It is observed that the strain levels correlate with the total fluence levels. PiN diodes fabricated on these implanted wafers were then annealed at temperatures ranging from 1700 °C to 2000 °C for 60 min. The SXRCT and RSM analysis of the annealed samples suggests that for the same annealing duration, higher temperature leads to better lattice recovery.
Characterization of Etched Graphite Nanoplates and Their Nonwoven Electrode Applications
Authors: Sun Kyung Chul , Ali Mumtaz , Sahito Iftikhar Ali , Noh Jung Woo , Jeong Sung Hoon
Published: June 2022

Carbon materials are under the investigative spotlight for their earth-abundance, sustainability, and intriguing electronic properties. Amongst all nano-carbon allotropes, exfoliated graphite nanoplates (xGnP) currently dominate the commercial market due to their low cost and high performance. However, smooth basal planes of xGnP possess limited surface functionality, leading to poor thin film-forming ability and poor adhesion of xGnP with flexible textile substrates. To overcome these issues, here we have proposed a facile acid etching process for localized oxidation of xGnP sheets. The etching process removes some xGnP surface, hence forming pits on xGnP sheets, along with introducing surface functional groups. The functional surface of etched-xGnP facilitates uniform coating on polyester microfiber nonwoven membrane, resulting in a flexible nonwoven structured electrode. The comparison of etched and pristine xGnP electrodes revealed better conductivity, dye adsorption, electrocatalytic activity, and heat generation ability of the etched-xGnP. The higher surface area and oxygen/nitrogen doping incurred during the etching process were observed to play a critical role in the superior performance of etched-xGnP. The facile etching process will advance the understanding and applications of flexible electrodes for wearable electronic devices.
Review–A Survey of Learning from Noisy Labels
Authors: Liang Xuefeng , Liu Xingyu , Yao Longshan
Published: June 2022

Deep Learning has achieved remarkable successes in many industry applications and scientific research fields. One essential reason is that deep models can learn rich information from large-scale training datasets through supervised learning. It has been well accepted that the robust deep models heavily rely on the quality of data labels. However, current large-scale datasets mostly involve noisy labels, which are caused by sensor errors, human mistakes, or inaccuracy of search engines, and may severely degrade the performance of deep models. In this survey, we summaries existing works on noisy label learning into two main categories, Loss Correction and Sample Selection, and present their methodologies, commonly used experimental setups, datasets, and the state-of-the-art results. Finally, we discuss a promising research direction that might be valuable for the future study.
Using the structure-behavior-function model in conjunction with augmented reality helps students understand the complexity of the circulatory system
Authors: Gregorčič Tanja , Torkar Gregor
Published: June 2022

This study examines how lower secondary school students understand the circulatory system, using the structure-behavior-function (SBF) framework for conceptual representation. It confirms that the use of augmented reality (AR) can help lower secondary school students understand the complexity of the circulatory system. The group using AR-supported instructional materials showed statistically significant better improvements in their knowledge of the circulatory system, including all three components of the SBF framework.
Maladaptation of renal hemodynamics contributes to kidney dysfunction resulting from thoracic spinal cord injury in mice
Authors: Osei-Owusu Patrick , Collyer Eileen , Dahlen Shelby A. , Adams Raisa E. , Tom Veronica J.
Published: June 2022

Urinary complications resulting from thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) greatly affects quality of life and contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients with SCI. Herein, we showed that thoracic SCI initiates changes in the structure and function of the renal microvasculature that leads to autoregulation failure in the chronic phase of high thoracic-level injury. Our study identified extracellular matrix regulators and cytokine/chemokine signaling as potential targets for developing novel therapeutics for restoring renal function following SCI.
Mitochondrial Metabolism in Hibernation: Regulation and Implications
Authors: Staples James F. , Mathers Katherine E. , Duffy Brynne M.
Published: June 2022

Hibernators rapidly and reversibly suppress mitochondrial respiration and whole animal metabolism. Posttranslational modifications likely regulate these mitochondrial changes, which may help conserve energy in winter. These modifications are affected by reactive oxygen species (ROS), so suppressing mitochondrial ROS production may also be important for hibernators, just as it is important for surviving ischemia-reperfusion injury.
KCa3.1 differentially regulates trachea and bronchi epithelial gene expression in a chronic-asthma mouse model
Authors: Philp Amber R. , Miranda Fernando , Gianotti Ambra , Mansilla Agustín , Scudieri Paolo , Musante Ilaria , Vega Génesis , Figueroa Carlos D. , Galietta Luis J. V. , Sarmiento José M. , Flores Carlos A.
Published: June 2022

Ion channels are potentially exploitable as pharmacological targets to treat asthma. This study evaluated the role of KCa3.1 channels, encoded by Kcnn4, in regulating the gene expression of mouse airway epithelium and the development of asthma traits. We used the ovalbumin (OVA) challenge as an asthma model in wild-type and Kcnn4−/− mice, performed histological analysis, and measured serum IgE to evaluate asthma traits. We analyzed gene expression of isolated epithelial cells of trachea or bronchi using mRNA sequencing and gene ontology and performed Ussing chamber experiments in mouse trachea to evaluate anion secretion. Gene expression of epithelial cells from mouse airways differed between trachea and bronchi, indicating regional differences in the inflammatory and transepithelial transport properties of proximal and distal airways. We found that Kcnn4 silencing reduced mast cell numbers, mucus, and collagen in the airways, and reduced the amount of epithelial anion secretion in the OVA-challenged animals. In addition, gene expression was differentially modified in the trachea and bronchi, with Kcnn4 genetic silencing significantly altering the expression of genes involved in the TNF pathway, supporting the potential of KCa3.1 as a therapeutic target for asthma.
A Generalized Method for Dispersion Analysis of Guided Waves in Multilayered Anisotropic Magneto-Electro-Elastic Structures
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Gao Qiang
Published: June 2022

Based on the symplectic structure of the Hamiltonian matrix, the precise integration method (PIM), and the Wittrick–Williams (W-W) algorithm, a generalized method for computing the dispersion curves of guided waves in multilayered anisotropic magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) structures for different types of mechanical, electrical, and magnetical boundaries is developed. A strictly theoretical analysis shows that the W-W algorithm cannot be applied directly to the MEE structure. This is because a block of the Hamiltonian matrix is not positive definite for MEE structures so that the eigenvalue count of the sublayer is not zero when the divided sublayer is sufficiently thin. To overcome this difficulty, based on the symplectic structure of the Hamiltonian matrix, a symplectic transformation is introduced to ensure that the W-W algorithm can be applied conveniently to solve wave propagation problems in multilayered anisotropic MEE structures. The application of the PIM based on the mixed energy matrix to solve the wave equation can ensure the stability and efficiency of the method, and all eigenfrequencies are found without the possibility of any being missed using the W-W algorithm. This research provides the necessary insight to apply the W-W algorithm in wave propagation and vibration problems of MEE structures.
Analysis of Traditional Cultural Acceptance Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Fei Qingmei
Published: June 2022

Technological development has resulted in the utilisation of advanced technology search using deep learning technology in all industries. Artificial intelligence is set to be filled with machines that can perform tasks that need human intelligence. These machines are controlled by computer systems. In this study, people are going to analyse the traditional cultural acceptance based on deep learning. Deep learning technology is a subfield of machine learning that makes use of algorithms that are inspired by the human brain. Artificial neural network is one such network used in deep learning. Traditional cultural acceptance is an integration of traditional cultures and cultural acceptance. The traditional cultures are said to be the tribes that are never exposed to the technological radar. These communities live traditionally in remote areas where there is no access to the latest technologies. The traditional cultures were found in the upper Amazon regions. Because they have not been exposed to the modern world, they have retained their ancient traditional and cultural value. Cultural acceptance can be said in simple words: accepting people as they are, without shaming their culture, traditional habits, attire, and body. In this proposed system, deep learning techniques were used to analyse the traditional cultural acceptance. The results proved that the proposed model called Faster R-CNN performs well than the existing algorithms.
Insights into the Role of Macrophage Polarization in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Liu Hao , Liu Tao , Yang Huilin , He Fan
Published: June 2022

Millions of people worldwide suffer from osteoporosis, which causes bone fragility and increases the risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is closely related to the inhibition of osteogenesis and the enhancement of osteoclastogenesis. In addition, chronic inflammation and macrophage polarization may contribute to osteoporosis as well. Macrophages, crucial to inflammatory responses, display different phenotypes under the control of microenvironment. There are two major phenotypes, classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Generally, M1 macrophages mainly lead to bone resorption, while M2 macrophages result in osteogenesis. M1/M2 ratio reflects the “fluid” state of macrophage polarization, and the imbalance of M1/M2 ratio may cause disease such as osteoporosis. Additionally, antioxidant drugs, such as melatonin, are applied to change the state of macrophage polarization and to treat osteoporosis. In this review, we introduce the mechanisms of macrophage polarization-mediated bone resorption and bone formation and the contribution to the clinical strategies of osteoporosis treatment.
Study on the Mechanism of Treating Femoral Head Necrosis with Drynariae Rhizoma Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: He Luqing , Ma Chenyu , Cai Shuiqi , Hou Ruolin , Xu Hongfeng , Liu Jianqiang , Liu Xin , Huang Qun
Published: June 2022

Through the network pharmacology thought, the action target of the active ingredients of Drynariae Rhizoma was predicted, and the mapping was combined with the related targets of ONFH, and the key nodes of interaction were identified for enrichment analysis, so as to comprehensively explore the pharmacological mechanism of Drynariae Rhizoma against ONFH. The main active ingredients of Drynariae Rhizoma were screened based on pharmacokinetic characteristics in pharmacokinetic database and analysis platform of TCM system (TCMSP). We used the organic small molecule bioactivity database (PubChem) and Swiss target prediction database to predict related targets based on 2D or 3D structural similarity and then mined the known ONFH therapeutic targets through the Human Mendelian Genetic Database (OMIM) and Pubmed texts. Combined with the predicted targets, String database was imported to construct the OP target interaction network diagram of bone fracture therapy. CytoNCA software was used to topology the key nodes of interaction according to relevant node parameters, and String was imported again to construct the protein interaction network diagram. Finally, biological functions and metabolic pathways of key nodes were analyzed through DAVID database. It was revealed that Drynariae Rhizoma may regulate stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells through multiple pathways, including proliferation, differentiation, immunity, and oxidative stress. Conclusion: Pharmacological studies based on network indicate that Drynariae Rhizoma may participate in the regulation of several major signaling pathways through direct or indirect action targets and affect the proliferation and differentiation of multiple types of cells, thus playing an anti-ONFH role, which provides a scientific basis for explaining the material basis and mechanism of its anti- ONFH.
Application and Implementation of Deep Learning for Evaluation of Martial Arts Trainings
Authors: Jin Ma
Published: June 2022

The Chinese name for martial arts is known as Wushu; it is a typical Chinese sport in which both internal and exterior actions are emphasized. Wushu training evaluation is a hot research area, and deep learning has long been an essential tool for ensuring and promoting continuous development in the quality of Wushu training assessment. The deep learning-based martial arts training programme successfully processes and analyses the massive raw data produced throughout the teaching process at colleges and institutions. The online learning behavior is obtained by training the detection model of target, model for detection of face, and face segmentation model and then merging them with the online system. Feature extraction, offline performance prediction, learning law analysis, and personalized learning recommendation can provide decision support for training of martial arts evaluation as well as the formulation of related improvement measures. It can successfully increase the teaching quality of teachers and the learning efficiency of students by catering to the current online and offline combination of new learning and teaching techniques. In this paper, a martial arts training evaluation model based on deep learning technology is presented in light of the variety and vast quantity of martial arts training evaluations, using MatConvNet to build a deep neural network and organically fuse various raw data of martial arts training evaluation. The proposed approach provides a more accurate assessment of martial arts training and has some practical applications. In experimental evaluation of the model, it is obtained that the network’s prediction performance is at its greatest value when the combination number of layers are eight.
A Change in the Classical Order of Setting of Porous Metal Augments with Locked Cups in Hip Revision Surgery: Technical Note and Case Report
Authors: Murcia-Asensio Antonio , Ferrero-Manzanal Francisco , Sanz-Ruiz Pablo , Cañada-Oya Hermenegildo , Lax-Pérez Raquel , Goetze Christian
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Reconstruction of acetabular bone defects by the combination of trabecular metal augments and porous cups can be complex when extensive bone loss and poor-quality bone exists. The onset of porous cups with an interlocking mechanism may simplify surgical technique due to its superior initial mechanical stability. We endorse the possibility for a change in the classical order of setting of the augments and the cup. Methods. We present a technical modification and a series of cases of three patients with Paprosky IIB and IIIA acetabular defects operated with a combination of porous metal augments and a porous cup. In all the three patients, the setting of the cup was done first and secured with locked screws, and then the augments were set in place as a wedge and fixed with screws in a standard fashion. Results. The postoperative X-ray showed good position of implants with restoration of the center of rotation, and the patients had good recovery. Radiological evaluation in the midterm follow-up did not show mobilization of implants. Discussion. The use of metal porous augments is widely used for severe acetabular defects, being a versatile system to adapt to the different size defects. Nevertheless, its use may be technically demanding and time consuming. It is not infrequent that the setting of the augments conditions the final position of the cup with a possible interference with initial stability and eventually bone ingrowth of the cup. The interlocking mechanism offers an additional biomechanical stability and thus may allow us to place the cup first in the desired position with a less demanding technique. Conclusion. With the use of locked-screw porous metal cups, the order of setting of implants may be changed in order to obtain a better restoration of the center of rotation and increased host-bone implant contact with a simplified surgical technique.
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Psoralea corylifolia L. Improve Erectile Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats through Suppression of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Jiang Shujun , Cai Quanyan , Gao Yang , Dong Hui , Zhao Yan , Wu Fan , Ba Xin , Luan Yang , Zou Xin , Xu Lijun , Lu Fuer
Published: June 2022

Background. Diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) is one of the most common complications of diabetes and is mainly attributed to oxidative stress. Hu-Lu-Ba-Wan (HLBW) is a classic Chinese formulation consisting of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (TFG) and Psoralea corylifolia L. (PC). HLBW has been used not only for the treatment of diabetes but also for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in clinics. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and underlying mechanism of HLBW in ameliorating erectile function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods. The diabetic model was established by tail vein injection of streptozotocin (26 mg/kg), and then DMED rats screened by the apomorphine test were randomly divided into two groups: the model group and the HLBW group. The rats in the HLBW group were administered HLBW granules daily for 12 weeks. Fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin were tested by a commercial kit. Intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured by cavernous nerve electrostimulation before the rats were killed. Erectile function was evaluated with ICP/MAP. The markers of oxidative stress in the corpus cavernosum (CC) were assayed by assay kits. Apoptosis in cavernosal tissue was detected by Western blotting (WB). The expression levels of vascular endothelial marker (vWF), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and NADPH oxidase subunit P47phox were determined by WB and PCR. Furthermore, the structure of the CC was further confirmed by Masson’s trichrome staining. Results. The results showed that HLBW significantly reduced blood glucose and increased insulin sensitivity. HLBW reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, we observed that the expression levels of vWF, α-SMA, and eNOS as well as the ratio of smooth muscle to collagen increased in the HLBW group. Conclusions. Our results demonstrated that HLBW could reduce oxidative stress damage in CC to improve diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats by inhibiting NADPH oxidase.
Application of CT Ultrasonography Combined with Microscopic Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Perfusion Chemotherapy in Postoperative Treatment of Oocyst Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Zongbao , Jin Hong
Published: June 2022

For the postoperative treatment of oocyte carcinoma, CT and CT ultrasonography combined with microscopic intraperitoneal should be combined with peritoneal heat perfusion chemotherapy. The authors selected 50 patients who received treatment for ovarian cancer from 2017 to 2018 and divided them into two groups (observation group, 30 cases, control group, 20 cases). Cisplatin, associated with peritoneal hyperthermia, led the control group, and we monitored all patients for 1 year and provided clinical trials, lifestyle, and results for both disease group. The experimental results showed that the target reduction rate of the control group was 70%, while that of the control group was only 40%, lower than that of the control group

P
<
0.05

. The life expectancy of the control group was higher than that of the control group,

P
<
0.05

. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bone marrow compression, and constipation in the study group were slightly higher than those in the control group (35%), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). Chemotherapy combined with intraperitoneal infusion of loplatin has no side effects, helps improve survival, and can be used in a variety of clinical trials.
Comparative Analysis of Chemical Composition andAntibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of theEssential Oils from Chrysanthemum morifolium ofDifferent Flowering Stages and Different Parts
Authors: Liu Xia-Jin , Li Yi , Su Shu-Lan , Wei Dan-Dan , Yan Hui , Guo Sheng , Shang Er-Xin , Sun Xiao-Dong , Duan Jin-Ao
Published: June 2022

The inflorescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., a well-known traditional Chinese herb, has been proved to have a certain inhibitory effect on some bacteria; however, its main components and acne bacteria inhibition effect remain to be elucidated. In this study, GC-MS was used to analyze the components of different flowering stages and different parts and to study the inhibitory effects of six essential oils on S. aureus and P. acnes and their alleviating effects on THP-1 cell inflammation. GC-MS combined with relative retention index method analyzed results stated that the 5 samples of C. morifolium to detect the 124 kinds of volatile components, including (E)-tibetin spiroether, are first detected in the volatile oil of the C. morifolium, and the content of (E)-tibetin spiroether is higher in immature inflorescence of C. morifolium and decreases as it extends its flowering period. Furthermore, the research results of inhibiting common acne-causing bacteria showed that the bacteriostatic effect of essential oils from JH at different flowering stages was better than that from JM and TJ, while the bacteriostatic effect of essential oil from stem and leaf of C. morifolium (SLC) at different parts was better than the roots of C. morifolium (RC). Finally, it was proved that the essential oil from SLC and C. morifolium could alleviate the inflammation of THP-1 cells induced by P. acnes. In conclusion, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of C. morifolium essential oil may be related to heterospiroolefins compounds, and the antibacterial activity decreases with the prolongation of flowering stage. It was suggested that volatile oil from C. morifolium and SLC could be used as effective components of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory cosmetics.
Molecular Targets and Mechanisms of Hedyotis diffusa-Scutellaria barbata Herb Pair for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Yang Zhenpeng , Lu Shuai , Tang Huazhen , Qu Jinxiu , Wang Bing , Wang Yuying , Pan Guofeng , Rao Benqiang
Published: June 2022

Objective: Hedyotis diffusa-Scutellaria barbata herb pair (HS) has therapeutic effects on a variety of cancers, and this study aims to systematically explore the multiple mechanisms of HS in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods. The active ingredients of HS were obtained from TCMSP, and the potential targets related to these ingredients were screened from the STITCH, SuperPred, and Swiss TargetPrediction databases. Targets associated with CRC were retrieved by Drugbank, TTD, DisGeNET, and GeneCards. We used a Venn diagram to screen the intersection targets and used Cytoscape to construct the herb-ingredient-target-disease network, and the core targets were selected. The Go analysis and KEGG pathway annotation were performed by R language software. We used PyMol and Autodock Vina to achieve molecular docking of core ingredients and targets. Results: A total of 33 active ingredients were obtained from the HS, and 762 CRC-related targets were reserved from the four databases. We got 170 intersection targets to construct the network and found that the four ingredients with the most targets were quercetin, luteolin, baicalein, and dinatin, which were the core ingredients. The PPI analysis showed that the core targets were STAT3, TP53, MAPK3, AKT1, JUN, EGFR, MYC, VEGFA, EGF, and CTNNB1. Molecular docking results showed that these core ingredients had good binding potential with core targets, especially the docking of each component with MAPK obtained the lowest binding energy. HS acts simultaneously on various signaling pathways related to CRC, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions: This study systematically analyzed the active ingredients, core targets, and central mechanisms of HS in the treatment of CRC. It reveals the role of HS targeting PI3K-Akt signaling and MAPK signaling pathways in the treatment of CRC. We hope that our research could bring a new perspective to the therapy of CRC and find new anticancer drugs.
DARSegNet: A Real-Time Semantic Segmentation Method Based on Dual Attention Fusion Module and Encoder-Decoder Network
Authors: Xing Yongfeng , Zhong Luo , Zhong Xian
Published: June 2022

The convolutional neural network achieves excellent semantic segmentation results in artificially annotated datasets with complex scenes. However, semantic segmentation methods still suffer from several problems such as low use rate of the features, high computational complexity, and being far from practical real-time application, which bring about challenges for the image semantic segmentation. Two factors are very critical to semantic segmentation task: global context and multilevel semantics. However, generating these two factors will always lead to high complexity. In order to solve this, we propose a novel structure, dual attention fusion module (DAFM), by eliminating structural redundancy. Unlike most of the existing algorithms, we combine the attention mechanism with the depth pyramid pool module (DPPM) to extract accurate dense features for pixel labeling rather than complex expansion convolution. Specifically, we introduce a DPPM to execute the spatial pyramid structure in output and combine the global pool method. The DAFM is introduced in each decoder layer. Finally, the low-level features and high-level features are fused to obtain semantic segmentation result. The experiments and visualization results on Cityscapes and CamVid datasets show that, in real-time semantic segmentation, we have achieved a satisfactory balance between accuracy and speed, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In particular, on a single 1080ti GPU computer, ResNet-18 produces 75.53% MIoU at 70 FPS on Cityscapes and 73.96% MIoU at 109 FPS on CamVid.
An IoT and Machine Learning-Based Model to Monitor Perishable Food towards Improving Food Safety and Quality
Authors: Batool Amina , Ganguli Souvik , Almashaqbeh Hashem Ali , Shafiq Muhammad , Vallikannu A. L. , Sankaran K. Sakthidasan , Ray Samrat , Sammy F.
Published: June 2022

Increased quantities of the same sort of item are not nearly as critical to client happiness as a high-quality product. The requirements and expectations of the consumer have an impact on the overall quality of a product or service. The term “quality” may also be defined as the sum total of all the features that contribute to the production of goods and services that are satisfactory to the consumer. Certain imported commodities have lately seen an improvement in quality thanks to efforts by importing nations. Additionally, it safeguards food imported from other nations by confirming that it is safe for human consumption before it is released. This article describes a technique for monitoring perishable goods that is based on the Internet of Things and machine learning. Pictures are recorded using high-resolution cameras in this suggested architecture, and then these images are sent to a cloud server using Internet of Things devices. When uploaded to a cloud server, these photos are segmented using the K-means clustering method. Then, using the principal component analysis technique, features are extracted from the photos, and the images are categorized using machine learning models that have been trained. This proposed model makes use of the Internet of Things, image processing, and machine learning to monitor perishable food.
Translucency of a Dental Porcelain Mixed by Two Ceramic Slurry Methods: A Bayesian Comparison
Authors: Serna-Meneses Catalina , Ocampo-Parra Gabriel , Arango-Santander Santiago , Garcia-Garcia Claudia , Restrepo-Tamayo Luis Felipe , Cardona-Jimenez Johnatan , Ossa Alexander , Pelaez-Vargas Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Background. The ceramics industry produces porcelain pastes using a controlled ratio of water and porcelain powder. Two methods are used to produce a dental porcelain paste: one-step mixing or incremental mixing. Objective. To evaluate the optical properties of a feldspathic dental ceramic using two different ceramic paste preparation methods using a Bayesian approach. Materials and Methods. Two groups of feldspathic porcelain discs, an incremental mixing group (n = 40) and a one-step mixing group (n = 40), were assessed. Groups were evaluated using spectrophotometry, and the translucency parameter (TP) of each sample was calculated. Surfaces were characterized by AFM and SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using a Bayesian approach. Results. Translucency parameter values of the incremental mixing group ranged from 1.65 to 3.41, while values for the one-step mixing group ranged from 3.62 to 5.74, this difference being statistically significant. The lowest roughness was obtained on the surface of discs in the one-step mixing group. Conclusions. Feldspathic porcelain with lower translucency and higher roughness was obtained using the incremental mixture method.
Construction of Vocal Timbre Evaluation System Based on Classification Algorithm
Authors: Duan Ying
Published: June 2022

With the continuous development of communication technology, computer technology, and network technology, a large amount of information such as images, videos, and audios has grown exponentially, and people have started to be exposed to massive multimedia contents, which can easily and quickly access the increasingly rich music resources, so new technologies are urgently needed for their effective management, and automatic classification of audio signals has become the focus of engineering and academic attention. Currently, music retrieval can be achieved by selecting song titles and singer names, but as people’s living standards continue to improve, the spiritual realm is also enriched. People want to be able to select music with different types of emotional expressions with their emotions. It mainly includes the basic principles of audio classification, the analysis and extraction of music emotion features, and the selection of the best classifier. Two classification algorithms, hybrid Gaussian model and AdaBoost, are used to classify music emotions, and the two classifiers are combined. In this paper, we propose the Discrete Harmonic Transform (DHT), a sparse transform based on harmonic frequencies. This paper derives and proves the formula of Discrete Harmonic Transform and further analyzes the harmonic structure of musical tone signal and the accuracy of harmonic structure. Since the timbre of musical instruments depends on the harmonic structure, and similar instruments have similar harmonic structures, the discrete harmonic transform coefficients can be defined as objective indicators corresponding to the timbre of musical instruments, and thus the concept of timbre expression spectrum is proposed, and a specific construction algorithm is given in this paper. In the application of musical instrument recognition, the 53-dimensional combined features of LPCC, MFCC, and timbre expression spectrum are selected, and a nonlinear support vector machine is used as the classifier. The classification recognition rate is improved by reducing the number of feature dimensions.
VEMERS 2.0: Upgrading of an Emergency Use Ventilator from a Single Mandatory Volume Control Mode of Ventilation (VEMERS 1.0) to 8 Modes of Ventilation
Authors: Chiang Luciano E. , Castro Felipe A. , Sánchez Tomás F.
Published: June 2022

The upgrading of an emergency use ventilator from a single mandatory volume control mode of ventilation (VEMERS 1.0) to 8 modes of ventilation (VEMERS 2.0) is described. The original VEMERS 1.0 was developed in the midst of the COVID-19 crisis in Chile (April to August 2020) following special but nonetheless strict guidelines specified by local medical associations and national health and scientific ministries. The upgrade to 8 modes of ventilation in VEMERS 2.0 was made possible with minor but transcendental changes to the original architecture. The main contribution of this research is that starting from a functional block diagram of an ICU mechanical ventilator and carrying a systematic analysis, the main function blocks are implemented in such a way that combinations of standard off-the-shelf pneumatic and electronic components can be used. This approach has both economical and technical advantages. No special parts need to be fabricated at all, and because of a wider variety of options, the use of extensively field-proven off-the-shelf commercial components assures better availability and lower costs when compared to that of conventional ICU mechanical ventilators, without sacrificing reliability. Given the promising results obtained with VEMERS 2.0 in the subsequent national certification process, the production of 40 VEMERS 2.0 units was sponsored by the Ministry of Science and the Ministry of Economy. Twenty units have been distributed among hospitals along the country. The purpose of VEMERS 2.0, as a low-cost but very reliable option, is to increase the number of mechanical ventilators available (3,000 for a population of 18,000,000) in the country to eventually reach a ratio similar to that of more developed countries. VEMERS is an open-source project for others to use the knowledge gained.