bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV and Syphilis Screening Among Adolescents Diagnosed With Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Jichlinski Amanda , Badolato Gia , Pastor William , Goyal Monika K.
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) are at an increased risk for syphilis and HIV, but screening rates among adolescents have been understudied. Our objective is to measure the frequency of HIV and syphilis screening among adolescents who are diagnosed with PID and identify patient- and hospital-level characteristics associated with screening.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System from 2010 to 2015. We included visits to the emergency department by female adolescents who were diagnosed with PID and determined the frequency of HIV and syphilis screening. We performed separate multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with screening.

RESULTS:

Of the 10 698 patients who were diagnosed with PID, 22.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.2%–22.8%) underwent HIV screening, and 27.7% (95% CI 26.9%–28.6%) underwent syphilis screening. Screening rates varied by hospital (HIV: 2.6%–60.4%; syphilis: 2.9%–62.2%). HIV screening was more likely to occur in younger (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.2; 95% CI 1.0–1.3), non-Hispanic African American (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.7), non–privately insured (publicly insured [aOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1–1.5], uninsured [aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.0]), and admitted patients (aOR 7.0; 95% CI 5.1–9.4) at smaller hospitals (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–1.8). Syphilis screening was more likely to occur in younger (aOR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0–1.3), non-Hispanic African American (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.2–2.8), non–privately insured (publicly insured [aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.6], uninsured [aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2–1.9]), and admitted patients (aOR 4.6; 95% CI 3.3–6.4).

CONCLUSIONS:

We found low rates of HIV and syphilis screening among adolescents who were diagnosed with PID, with wide variability across hospitals.
Transformación de las coberturas vegetales y uso del suelo en la llanura amazónica colombiana: el caso de Puerto Leguízamo, Putumayo (Colombia)
Authors: Tiria Forero Laura Nataly , Bonilla Castillo Julian Santiago , Bonilla Castillo Cesar Augusto
Published: July 2018

El artículo busca caracterizar la transformación de la cobertura vegetal en el margen de la vía La Tagua-Puerto Leguízamo, en Putumayo (Colombia), y su incidencia en el calentamiento global. Para ello, se presenta el contexto histórico de la colonización en el municipio que provocó la transformación ecológica del paisaje; se analiza el comportamiento de variables climáticas, como precipitación y temperatura; y se mide la deforestación y emisión de CO2 por conversión de bosque a pastos, en el periodo 2002-2016. Este estudio de caso permite ver cómo los cambios en la cobertura y uso del suelo en la Amazonía colombiana, fruto de procesos de colonización, han elevado la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero, como el CO2.
EXISTENTIAL CHOICE. AN ESSAY ABOUT THREE AFRICANS (REFLECTION ON AUGUSTINE’S CONFESSIONS)
Authors: S. V. Sannіkov
Published: July 2018

Purpose. Via the life example of a great Christian hermit Augustine of Hippo and his «Confessions», the author of the essay considers the existential choice problem, which changes man’s course of life and displays its essence. Analyzing and deconstructing Augustine's self-reflection against the background of the texts by two other great Africans (A. Camou and J. Darrida), the article traces the foundations and main stages of the process of self-seeking in people who want to find themselves in a lost world. The purpose of the article is to analyze the intellectual, emotional and spiritual components of the process of taking epochal-making decisions versus the approaches of A. Camus and J. Derrida, prominent Augustine’s fellow countrymen, born in Algeria as well. Methodology. The research is based on the comparative historical analysis, allowing to identify and summarize some principles for the decision-making of the most important existential solutions. The use of comparative procedures made possible to show the ineffectiveness of self-contained Camus' and Darrida’s existential searches, and at the same time, demonstrate the success of finding selfhood and self-knowledge by Augustine, who was open for the gift descending from Above. The use of other general scientific methods, such as analysis, reduction, generalization, and retrospective method allowed the researcher to highlight some epistemological problems manifested in understanding and searching the Truth, as the most important and often unconscious human need. Augustine's openness to accepting Truth from Above and at the same time understanding the inability to seize it independently distinguishes him from similar searches of Jacques Darrida. Originality. The research has shown that the existential choice, which in contrast to ordinary choices, changes a man’s life and renders meaning to his existence, is made not with a volitional decision, but with a hardly explicable encounter connecting personal with over-personal being. Conclusions. The author concludes, that unlike the day-to-day choices-preferences, which can be made following a rational and ecstatic decision, the existential choice is a dialectic unity of Gift, coming from Above, and an intuitive unconscious faith of a person who accepts this Gift.
REPRESENTATION OF NATURE AND MAN IN PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY OF DESCARTES
Authors: А. M. Malivskyi  , К. V. Soкоlоvа
Published: July 2018

Purpose. Modern philosophy is presented as practical and is based on the necessity to give a new meaning and interpretation to moral and ethical problems. Purpose of the paper is to comprehend specifics of modern perception of Cartesian interpretation of nature and man that implies consistent stages of technomorphic perception, critical analysis of its authenticity in research literature and understanding of rehabilitation tendency of Descartes' ethics as practical philosophy. Originality. The research is focused on the problem of technomorphism authenticity in the process of understanding and interpreting Descartes' practical philosophy. The authors are trying to defend rationale for phenomena interpretation concerning Descartes' technocratic orientation in terms of his ethical search. Critical interpretations of limited technomorphic perception of nature and man should be understood as some transition period towards ethics rehabilitation as practical philosophy. The study of Descartes on nature in its broad sense as metaphysical basis of his ethics has been revealed and analyzed. Conclusions. Technocratic interpretation of Descartes study is a superficial and distorted form of his practical philosophy interpretation. Until recently technomorphic perception of Descartes' study dominated in scientific literature, which has significantly determined limited perception of nature and man combined with superficial ethics perception. Critical rethinking of the developed Descartes' interpretations in recent scientific papers solves at the same time the tasks of theoretical denial of simplistic world perception and gives grounds for ethics rehabilitation as authentic form of its practical philosophy expression. One form of rehabilitation expression is increased attention to the concept of nature in its broad sense, which is a basis for its humanistic and ethical vision of philosophical tasks.
Prevalência de Salmonella spp. em suínos abatidos em um frigorífico do Distrito Federal determinada pela técnica de PCR
Authors: Soares da Silva Rodrigo Oliveira , Gonçalves Gislaine Gomes , Lazzari Andrea Maria , Mulinari Fernanda
Published: July 2018

Resumo A cadeia de produção suína vem crescendo assim como a exigência do fornecimento de produtos de qualidade, isentos de qualquer risco para os consumidores. A Salmonella spp. representa um risco biológico e é apontada como o agente responsável por diversos casos de doenças transmitidas por alimentos. O suíno é considerado um importante reservatório de Salmonella spp., o que torna imprescindível o conhecimento da dinâmica dessa bactéria em toda a cadeia de produção suína. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência de Salmonella spp. em suínos abatidos no Distrito Federal. Para isso, foram coletadas 240 amostras de linfonodos mesentéricos (LM) e 240 swabs de carcaça (SC) em um abatedouro com inspeção distrital. As amostras foram submetidas à PCR (Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase) para detecção da bactéria, revelando uma prevalência de 68,75% em LM de suínos abatidos e de 29,17% em SC suína. A análise dos dados obtidos demonstrou que a distância entre granja de origem e abatedouro apresentou correlação positiva moderada com a prevalência de Salmonella spp. em LM de suínos abatidos. Foi constatada, ainda, uma correlação positiva fraca entre a prevalência de Salmonella spp. em LM de suínos abatidos e a prevalência de Salmonella spp. em SC. Esses resultados apontam a necessidade da implantação de programas de controle para diminuir a prevalência nos animais destinados ao abate, bem como evitar a contaminação cruzada nos estabelecimentos manipuladores de alimentos.
A physiology-based approach to a patient with hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis
Authors: Menegussi Juliana , Tatagiba Luiza Sarmento , Vianna Júlia Guasti P. , Seguro Antonio Carlos , Luchi Weverton Machado
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT Hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis is a non-anion gap metabolic acidosis that invariably indicates an abnormality in potassium, ammonium, and hydrogen ion secretion. In clinical practice, it is usually attributed to real or apparent hypoaldosteronism caused by diseases or drug toxicity. We describe a 54-year-old liver transplant patient that was admitted with flaccid muscle weakness associated with plasma potassium level of 9.25 mEq/L. Additional investigation revealed type 4 renal tubular acidosis and marked hypomagnesemia with high fractional excretion of magnesium. Relevant past medical history included a recent diagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic fungal infection that is endemic in some parts of South America, and his outpatient medications contained trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tacrolimus, and propranolol. In the present acid-base and electrolyte case study, we discuss a clinical approach for the diagnosis of hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis and review the pathophysiology of this disorder.
As plosivas nas séries iniciais: o papel do contexto na ocorrência de trocas ortográficas
Authors: Damé Vergília Spiering , Ferreira Gonçalves Giovana
Published: July 2018

A presença de trocas ortográficas nas séries iniciais é uma etapa comum e imbricada de revelações acerca de como a criança lida com a relação entre grafema e som. Nesse sentido, pretende-se observar o papel do contexto linguístico na ocorrência de trocas com os segmentos plosivos, já que essas não são resultantes da complexidade do sistema ortográfico. Para tanto, serão analisados dados de 47 alunos matriculados nos 2º, 3º, 4º e 6º anos do ensino fundamental, coletados a partir de uma narrativa, com escrita espontânea, e uma lista de 233 palavras, com as plosivas distribuídas quanto à estrutura silábica, posição na palavra, contexto vocálico seguinte e tonicidade. Os resultados revelam que trocas ocorrem em sua maioria nas produções do 3º ano e com plosivas labiais. Quanto aos contextos controlados, verifica-se que tonicidade e posição na palavra têm índices variáveis quanto ao predomínio de trocas, dependendo do ponto de articulação do segmento plosiva. No entanto, quanto ao contexto vocálico e à estrutura silábica, a ocorrência de trocas parece ser favorecida por vogais altas, assim como pela estrutura CCV.
Compreensão literal e inferencial em alunos do ensino fundamental
Authors: Baretta Danielle , Wannmacher Pereira Vera
Published: July 2018

Apoiado em fundamentos psicolinguísticos, o presente artigo trata sobre a leitura com foco na compreensão de informações literais e inferenciais. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa envolvendo alunos do 6º e 7º anos do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública federal da cidade de Porto Alegre. A compreensão da leitura foi avaliada por meio de um questionário contendo seis perguntas abertas, sendo três literais e três inferenciais. A tarefa foi realizada com base na leitura de um texto narrativo literário. Os resultados demonstraram que as perguntas inferenciais foram mais difíceis do que as perguntas literais tanto para os alunos do 6º quanto do 7º ano, sugerindo que realizar inferências é uma tarefa complexa para alunos nos níveis de escolaridade investigados. Os dados revelaram haver diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos de participantes com relação ao estabelecimento de inferências, indicando que esta capacidade evolui com a progressão escolar. Além disso, conforme mostram os resultados, o tipo de inferência e o modo como a informação literal é apresentada no texto também influencia na compreensão.
Os saberes ensinados nas aulas de produção do gênero resumo
Authors: Oliveira Márcia Andréa Almeida de , Costa Luana Aquino da
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo, descrevemos aulas do gênero resumo, ministradas por um professor do 9º ano, de uma escola privada de Belém, com vistas a investigar quais as dimensões do gênero resumo são ensinadas, bem como a analisar se a forma como elas são didatizadas permite aos alunos se apropriar dos conteúdos e dos saberes ensinados referentes ao gênero-alvo. Como metodologia, adotamos a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa e realizamos um estudo de caso, a fim de observar, compreender e interpretar as práticas de ensino de um professor. Para a análise dos dados, baseamo-nos nos estudos sobre gênero textual, sequência didática e escrita. Com base na análise das aulas, observamos que o grande desafio que se impõe à didatização de gênero na escola é a mudança na abordagem teórico-metodológica utilizada para tratar o objeto de ensino.
A memória de trabalho e seu papel na aprendizagem, em especial, da leitura
Authors: Mascarello Lidiomar José
Published: July 2018

Resumo: A memória de trabalho desempenha um papel de apoio crucial na aprendizagem, principalmente em leitura e em matemática. De acordo com Allway et al (2009) crianças com baixos índices de memória de trabalho apresentam pouco progresso nessas áreas acadêmicas. Holmes, Gathercole e Dunnin (2009) investigaram estes problemas e afirmam que o desempenho acadêmico pode ser melhorado quando a memória de trabalho é melhorada. A melhoria da memória de trabalho é feita por meio de um programa de intervenção específica projetado para esse fim. O índice de memória de trabalho é medido e em seguida é feito uma intervenção específica e no final dessa intervenção uma nova medição é realizada. Nosso objetivo neste artigo é realizar uma reflexão acerca da literatura que trata das questões acima apresentadas.
O professor leitor e o ensino da compretência leitora
Authors: Souza Ana Cláudia de , Salete Maria
Published: July 2018

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar e compreender o professor como sujeito leitor, sua autoavaliação de desempenho e as implicações deste “ser leitor” nos relatos acerca de suas práticas pedagógicas. Concebendo que não se pode ensinar aquilo que não se conhece ou que não se domina, entende-se que, para ensinar a ler, é fundamental que o professor seja um sujeito leitor e tenha diversificadas experiências de leitura que lhe permitam produzir e negociar sentidos coerentes e relevantes, sustentar posições e identificar lugares de fala. Para conduzir a investigação, foram considerados dados do Projeto em rede Ler & Educar: formação continuada de professores da rede pública de SC – Núcleo UFSC, desenvolvido por meio do Programa Observatório da Educação (Edital 049/2012/Capes/Inep), entre os anos de 2103 e 2105, em seis escolas da rede pública estadual de educação básica do município de Florianópolis/SC. Os dados tomados para análise e compreensão do professor como leitor e das suas perspectivas acerca do ensino da leitura são provenientes de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com grupos focais de professores, nos espaços escolares. As análises indicam que a maior parte dos professores admite que pouco lê e que desconhece o processo de leitura, o que, defende-se, pode interferir negativamente em seus desempenhos como leitores e acarretar em planejamentos e aulas que não tomam a leitura como um objeto de conhecimento a ser ensinado.
The Great Jerusalem Artichoke Circus: the Buying and Selling of the Rural American Dream
Authors: Steinson Barbara J
Published: July 2018

Review of: The Great Jerusalem Artichoke Circus: The Buying and Selling of the Rural American Dream. Amato, Joseph A.
Phylogenomic analysis of yellow fever virus within hosts v1
Authors: Chen Chen
Published: July 2018

Intrahost phylogenomic analysis unravels evolution of yellow fever virus hindered by short viremia duration
SC Wharf - water processing (in lab) v1
Authors: Negrey Kendra
Published: July 2018

Describes collection for the following: Domoic acid (particulate and dissolved)* Chlorophyll DNA Nutrients: NH4, urea, N, P, Si Flow cytometer counts (Synecocccus, pico-eukaryotes, heterotrophic bacteria) Whole water/net tow archive Whole cell probe counts (P. australis, P. multiseries, Alexandrium) *Filters are also used for HPLC pigment analysis
THE FEASIBILITY OF HOSPITALITY BUSINESS INCESTMENTS IN BANJAR CITY
Authors: Caroline Angela , Yaprimadi Ivan Mulyadi
Published: July 2018

The Feasibility of Hospitality Business Investments in Banjar City. This study aims to help investors assess the feasibility of business hotels in the Banjar City. To assess the business feasibility of the hotel was used several frameworks to analyze environmental factors consisting of PEST Analysis, and Five Forces. Environmental analysis is reinforced by the financial analysis made based on interviews with investors and employees of PT.X which is a development company that wants to build a business hotel in the Banjar City. Financial analysis is made using the NPV, IRR, and Payback Period approaches. The results of these calculations are used to estimate the feasibility of business hotels in the city of Banjar. However, this study is limited to the condition of hotel competition in Banjar City nowadays and limited to the business plan of PT. X
Diccionarios del español para la producción de textos
Authors: Fuertes-Olivera Pedro A. , Bergenholtz Henning
Published: July 2018

El diccionario del español para la producción de textos es una herramienta de consulta diseñada para ayudar a un usuario tipo, por ejemplo un ser humano o un programa informático, a solucionar problemas de redacción. Este diccionario tiene en abril de 2017 alrededor de 80.000 acepciones descritas (aumenta el número de las mismas a una media de 30.000 acepciones por año) y es un integrante de un portal lexicográfico con objetivos comerciales, Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa. El diccionario presenta novedades teóricas y prácticas basadas en la idea de que un diccionario de internet debe ser un diccionario dinámico, es decir, un diccionario que ofrece varias posibilidades de consulta gracias a la interrelación de los tres componentes básicos de un diccionario de internet: (a) una base de datos lexicográfica o editor; (b) uno o varios motores  de búsqueda; (c) una o varias interfaces. Como los paquetes informáticos comerciales existentes en la actualidad no permiten el desarrollo de este tipo de diccionarios, nuestros diccionarios se diseñan y construyen con tecnologías propias pensadas para favorecer el proceso de construcción, actualizar los datos lexicográficos al minuto, reusar los datos lexicográficos existentes y hacer uso tanto de tecnologías propias (por ejemplo, sistemas de búsquedas maximizadoras) como de libre disposición (por ejemplo Ngram Viewer).
Diccionario combinatorio para hablantes de portugués: principios metodológicos
Authors: Martínez Aguirre Rebeca
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo exponer la metodología planteada para la elaboración de un modelo de diccionario combinatorio dirigido a aprendices de español que tienen el portugués como lengua materna y adscrito a los niveles B1 y B2 del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las lenguas. Con este proyecto, enmarcado dentro de los límites académicos de la realización de una tesis doctoral, se pretende crear un prototipo de herramienta didáctica que ayude al hablante lusófono en el desarrollo y la consolidación de su conocimiento combinatorio y colocacional. Dicha propuesta responde a tres factores fundamentales. En primer lugar, la creciente importancia que, gracias a la influencia ejercida por el Enfoque Léxico, se ha concedido en las últimas décadas a la enseñanza de las colocaciones y otros chunks o secuencias lingüísticas. En segundo lugar, a la acusada falta de sistematicidad con la que estas unidades han sido abordadas en los repertorios lexicográficos de la lengua española. Y en tercer lugar, la evidente carencia de herramientas combinatorias bilingües con las que se topan los estudiantes de español lengua extranjera. Proponemos así la creación de un diccionario combinatorio conformado a partir de un corpus de colocaciones y combinaciones léxicas estables, y cuyos fundamentos de macro y microestructura expondremos a continuación.
El ataque de lo doméstico. Un proyecto artístico para el cuestionamiento de la violencia machista en el hogar.
Authors: Cintas Muñoz Vanesa
Published: July 2018

Conscientes del papel transformador del arte y de las posibilidades que nos ofrece para intervenir en la cotidianidad de la vida, en este texto, exponemos y analizamos el proyecto artístico El ataque de lo doméstico. Un proyecto que asume la práctica artística como investigación para cuestionar y denunciar el ejercicio de la violencia física y sexual hacia las mujeres y niñas/os ocurridas en el hogar patriarcal hostil. Un combate cara a cara con la violencia, con su silencio, sus tabúes y su escabrosa complicidad que se enfrenta crítica y artísticamente con esta realidad, dando voz a la experiencia y haciendo visible su rotundo ejercicio para reverberar así, las situaciones más traumáticas y poder, desde el lenguaje del arte de la performance, manejarlas, subvertirlas o transformarlas.
Conocer y conocerse a través del teatro
Authors: Pollio Maria Lucia
Published: July 2018

El teatro, arte total por excelencia, nació con el ser humano por su natural necesidad de expresarse y de comunicar. Desde entonces sigue desarrollándose con él, volviendose en un efectivo espejo de la sociedad. Actualmente muchos son los espacios que ofrecen talleres de teatro para todas las edades y fue precisamente a partir de un taller en el cual participé que empecé a reflexionar sobre lo que ese arte aporta a las personas.Estableciendo el objetivo de profundizar sobre las características intrínsecas del teatro, a través de una entrevista realizada a dos chicas estudiantes de psicología que participaron en el taller y la lectura de libros escritos por profesores del sector, he podido observar y concluir que el teatro es un arte fundamental para el desarrollo individual de las personas y es un eficaz herramienta educativa.
Creación artística de resistencia a los procesos de significación que excluyen las enfermedades.
Authors: Rico Cuesta Marta
Published: July 2018

Este texto recoge el análisis de las prácticas artísticas que abordan las enfermedades y su exclusión en la sociedad occidental en la actualidad. Se pretende mostrar cómo desde la creación artística se puede cambiar los procesos de significación de las enfermedades, cuestionar la exclusión de las personas enfermas y darles visibilidad. Estas prácticas artísticas favorecen nuevas formas de relación y convivencia con las enfermedades, produciendo una transformación social en el que las personas enfermas dejen de ser expulsadas y señaladas.
Acolhimento com avaliação e classificação de risco em um pronto socorro: estudo comparativo
Authors: Montandon Diego Santiago , De Deus Gabriel Alves , Ferreira Jader Henrique , Godoy Simone De
Published: July 2018

Introdução: Para garantir um tempo de espera menor aospacientes com necessidade de atendimento, foi implantado noâmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, o acolhimento humanizadocom classificação de risco. Existem diferentes modelos pararealização do acolhimento com avaliação e classificação derisco, mas todos buscam organizar o fluxo de pacientes queprocuram os serviços de pronto atendimento, diminuindo osriscos da superlotação. Emerge portanto, o interesse em analisara classificação realizada no Pronto Socorro de um Hospital deAlta complexidade, comparando dados de atendimentos comas suas próprias diretrizes de classificação de risco. Objetivos:Identificar se a classificação de risco realizada no acolhimentocom avaliação e classificação de risco do pronto socorro está deacordo com o protocolo institucional. Casuística e Métodos:Estudo de abordagem quantitativa, retrospectivo, correlacionaldescritivo e de corte transversal. Foi avaliada uma amostracomposta por 386 fichas de atendimentos ocorridos no ProntoSocorro de um Hospital de Alta complexidade no ano de 2016.Os dados foram coletados e analisados para determinar o perfildos atendimentos. Posteriormente, uma reanálise foi realizadaconsiderando o protocolo institucional de classificação, paraverificar o nível de adequabilidade destas classificações de riscopelo coeficiente de Kappa. Resultados: 50,7% das assistênciasforam realizadas a pessoas do sexo feminino, 45,5% com idadesentre 20 e 40 anos, 47,1% dos atendimentos de não urgência,com 25,9% de queixas de dor moderada. A comparação entre aclassificação realizada e a reanálise apresentou um coeficientede Kappa igual à 0,16. Conclusão: Entre o acolhimento comavaliação e classificação de risco realizada no Pronto Socorroe a reanálise com base no protocolo da instituição, ha baixaconcordância, o que representa que as triagens não estãosendo realizadas seguindo fielmente o próprio protocolo dainstituição.
Implementation of Visual Timetable for Children with ASD in Center for Long-Term Rehabilitation of Children «Dobriy Sad»
Authors: Guseva N.Y.
Published: July 2018

Adaptation of children with autism spectrum disorders to the social environment in the kindergarten is not an easy
task, which covers comprehensive implementation of special techniques and methods. The effectiveness of the visual
timetable as an auxiliary method in teaching and socialization of children with ASD is due to its variability and the
possibility of its integration into various goals and objectives of teaching and rehabilitation of children. The work
on the implementation of this method at the Center for Long-Term Rehabilitation of Children «Dobry Sad» in the
city of Nizhny Novgorod is described. Specific examples of the effectiveness of the application of visual timetable in
problem-solving situations in the conditions of a kindergarten are given. Part 1 of present article describes the stages
of preparation and start of work on the implementation of timetable in a group of eight children diagnosed with F.84.
«SPEECHLESS». In the Frontline
Authors: Crossley R.
Published: July 2018

In chapter 14 the author desribes the history of Facilitated Communication in the USA, numeral episodes of
misunderstanding of the main principles of the FC which causes very bad critics.
Increasing integrative complexity on convicted terrorists in Indonesia
Authors: Putra I.E. , Erikha F. , Arimbi R.S. , Rufaedah A.
Published: July 2018

Located in Indonesia, the aim of the present study was to test the dynamics of integrative complexity of convicted terrorists in a series of dialogs set by the researchers. It was expected that if the meeting containing ideas related to humanity, peace, and intergroup harmony could be able to make the attendees stay until the end, cognitive complexity of the last meeting would be higher than the first meeting. Fifty nine statements were randomly collected from thirty eight convicted terrorists who participated in the meeting. The statements, then, were scored based on the level of cognitive complexity. A measure of cognitive complexity showed significant (Wilks’ Lambda = .748, F (3, 56) = 6.30, p < .001, partial eta2 = .252) increase during the process of the four meetings; compared to meeting 1, the level of integrative complexity in meeting 2, 3, and 4 were consistently higher. The findings indicate the possibility to increase the level of integrative complexity of the members of terrorist groups in a series of dialogs by highlighting the discussion about humanity and peace.
Dynamics of the subject development of students and study groups at different stages of educational process in university
Authors: Iarotskaia A.S.
Published: July 2018

This article is devoted to the problem of subject development of students in uni- versity. A small student study group is explored as an environment for the subject development of students and a community that has its own potential to become a collective subject. The level of subject development, interconnection-interdepen- dence of group members, ability of group subject to implement different forms of group collective activity and to manifest as a subject of self-reflection are inves- tigated as essential characteristics of a small study group’s subjectity. An average and percentage indicators of the level of students’ subjectity development at dif- ferent stages of educational process in university are revealed on a sample of 24 small student study groups (N = 364 full-time students, age of respondents is from 17 to 25 years). The study of the correlation between the level of students’ subjec- tity development and subject characteristics, the level of subjectity development of their small study groups allowed to identify and to describe the qualitative fea- tures, the dynamics of the subject development of small study groups and students in the period of six-year education.
Adapting a psychological instrument on the “hard-to-survey” population: the case of poor people in Russia
Authors: Poluektova O.V. , Efremova M.V.
Published: July 2018

This paper addresses the issue of adapting the instrument on a “hard-to-survey” sample (poor people). The adaptation consisted of three stages: (1) the translation of scales that have not been previously adapted on a Russian sample, (2) cognitive interviews with people living in poverty, (3) adjusting the questionnaire based on the results of cognitive interviews. We used translation — back translation, as well as committee approach, to translate the scales. Cognitive interviews were conducted using a concurrent probing approach with both scripted and spontaneous probes. In the conclusion, we present the results of reliability analysis and equivalence of measures across the poor (N=162) and non-poor (N=188) samples. Finally, we formulate recommendations for researchers dealing with “hard-to-survey” samples among the poor.
Modified over-the-wire technique for infected tunneled cuffed dialysis catheters exchange: a precious salvage procedure
Authors: Galanopoulos Georgios Th. , Lambidis Constantinos D.
Published: July 2018

Background: One of the major troubles related to tunnelled cuffed catheters for hemodialysis is infection. The outcomes of conservative treatment, as an attempt to access salvage, are often poor.Methods: In the present retrospective study, authors reviewed all the patients who underwent infected tunneled cuffed dialysis catheter exchange through a modified over the wire technique. Briefly, this technique consisted in creating a new subcutaneous tunnel away from the old one, preserving the insertion site of the catheter to the vein.Results: Authors have performed infected catheter exchange with this technique in 59 patients. The success rate was 93.2%. Median follow-up was 9 months. There were only 4 patients with signs and symptoms of recurrent catheter infection treated with catheter removal.Conclusions: The modified technique may provide multiple benefits for patients with ESRD. Low recurrence rates, anatomic site preservation and cost effectiveness are some of the advantages of this technique.
Epidemiological analysis of 1637 cases of animal bite injuries
Authors: Wani Mudassir M. , Sabah Zia-Ul
Published: July 2018

Background: This study was conducted prospectively over a period of two years in accident and emergency department of Government Medical College, Srinagar. The main objectives of the study included finding out epidemiological aspects of animal bites, categorising bites and analysing associated injuries.Methods: From April 2009 to April 2011, more than 1800 patients presented to accident emergency department with injuries due to human animal conflict. Out of them, 1673 patients had only bite injuries and were treated on out patient basis were included in the study.Results: Study revealed incidence in males (69.27%) being higher than in females. The age group most commonly involved was 0-10 years and rural population (60.72%) was more affected as compared to urban population. Furthermore, dogs were most common (88.46%) animals to be involved in bites. The commonest bite category was class 2 among all the bites (58.57%) while as type 1 was least common (9.74%). Injury pattern showed that most common site of bite was lower limbs, left leg (56.90%) being more common than the right.Conclusions: We conclude from this study that animal bites usually involve age group of less than 10 years. Males and rural population are more commonly involved. Dog is most common animal involved in such conflicts. We found lower limbs are most common sites involved with left lower limb being more commonly bitten as compared to right.
Outcome of gastrointestinal perforations due to blunt abdominal trauma
Authors: Goel Anubhav , Bansal Ankur , Gogia Bhupesh
Published: July 2018

Background: The most common injury during blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is of solid organs. Hollow viscus injuries are much more uncommon compared to the non-hollow ones. The most important problem associated with these conditions that they are frequently remain undetected or diagnosed too late despite advanced techniques such as focussed abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST), computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. This study evaluates gastrointestinal perforation following blunt abdominal trauma, their anatomical distribution, diagnosis, management, and outcome.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted after ethical clearance from hospital. The patients included were those presenting with features of peritonitis following blunt trauma, with isolated injury to abdomen and found to exhibit gastrointestinal perforation on exploratory laparotomy. Exclusion criteria were perforation was not detected at surgery, penetrating abdominal trauma. Data of each patient were collected into the Performa prepared for the study.Results: During the study period, 32 patients underwent surgery for perforation following blunt abdominal trauma. Jejunum was the most common site of perforation in the study subjects followed by ileum than stomach. Among the procedures performed, simple closure of perforation with peritoneal lavage was the most commonly performed procedure in 24 patients (75.0%). Resection anastomosis was done in 3 (9.3%) cases, while stoma was fashioned in 5 (15.6%) patients. 5 (15.6%) patients developed complications in the postoperative period with chest infection being the most common. One patient died in the postoperative period leading to mortality rate of 3.1%.Conclusions: To conclude, early diagnosis and treatment are of utmost importance. Most common site for perforation in blunt trauma is jejunum. Early surgery following adequate resuscitation in gastrointestinal perforation following blunt trauma abdomen is associated with a very a good outcome.
Outcome of surgeries for non-traumatic hollow viscous perforations
Authors: P. K. Hota , S. V. Mahesh , Kumar Reddy Dilip
Published: July 2018

Background: Patients with non-traumatic hollow viscous perforations present challenge to the surgeons and outcome depends upon location and surgeon skills. Present study was to investigate the outcome of surgeries for non-traumatic hollow viscous perforations.Methods: This is a prospective observational study carried out in surgical wards in Mamata General Hospital between October 2015 and September 2017 over a period of 02 years. Evaluation of all the patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria with respect to history, physical findings, operative findings and postoperative complications in line with the predetermined objectives was done. Various treatment modalities available and their outcome were also evaluated.Results: Benign causes of gastrointestinal perforation constituted majority of non-traumatic gastrointestinal perforations. Peptic ulcer perforation (68%) was the major cause of gastrointestinal perforation. Most common site for non-traumatic gastrointestinal perforations was duodenum (48%). Simple closure with omental patch was the operative procedure done for all cases of peptic ulcer perforation and appendicectomy for appendicular perforation. Ileal perforations secondary to typhoid perforation were treated with resection and end-to-end anastomoses in the present study. Colonic perforation was managed with Hartmann’s procedure. Most common complication was SSI (34%). Mortality was 8% and was due to septicemia.Conclusions: Aggressive resuscitation and early meticulous surgery is required to decrease morbidity and mortality in hollow viscous perforation cases.
Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and factors associated in a private tertiary care teaching hospital in Raichur, Karnataka, India
Authors: Pujar Prashanta Swami , Phuleker K. B. , Bhalki Nagaraj
Published: July 2018

Background: Prevention of Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a focus of attention because wound infections continue to be a major source of expense, morbidity, and even mortality. Three quarters of deaths of surgical patients with SSIs are attributed to nosocomial infections, nearly all of which are organ/space infections. The objective of the present study was to estimate the incidence of SSI and to study the various risk factors associated with SSI.Methods: This is a prospective study of 180 eligible cases eligible subjects, who underwent various surgeries in the department of General Surgery after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study conducted at the Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur. The tenure for the study was April 2017 to June 2017. Data was collected using pretested proforma. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16. Chi -square test and multiple logistic regression was applied to know the association between various risk factors and occurrence of SSI.Results: Among 180 patients 33 (18.33%) developed surgical site infections (SSI). Among 33 SSIs 25 (75.76%) were grade 3 and 8 (24.24%) were grade 4 infections. SSIs were found more commonly among patients over 50 years, diabetics, HIV infected patients, patients with longer duration of surgery and associations with these factors were found statistically significant.Conclusions: The incidence rate of SSI was quite high, and its end results will have a greater impact on patients as well as on healthcare systems. Prevention of SSI requires multipronged approach targeting both patient related and procedure related risk factors in pre- operative, intra-operative, and post-operative period.
Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a prospective study of 120 cases
Authors: Sheth Jenish Yogeshkumar , Modh Foram Arvindbhai
Published: July 2018

Background: Inguinal hernias have been treated traditionally with open methods of hernioplasty. But the trends have changed in last 2 decades with the introduction of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair by transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and total extra preperitoneal (TEP) surgery.Methods: The study was prospective type conducted from January 2010 to April 2018. 130 patients, who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. 60 patients for TAPP and 60 patients for TEP. Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative and follow up data was analysed.Results: From 130 patients,10 patient underwent open hernia repair due to anaesthetics reason. 93.3% primary hernias and 6.7% recurrent hernias. 50% was repaired by TEP and 50% by TAPP. Mean time taken for surgeries was 60-90 min. The intraoperative, postoperative complications rates were 1.2% and 7.4% respectively. Mean hospital stay was 1-5 days.Conclusions: laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair could be contemplated safely both via totally extra peritoneal as well as transperitoneal route even in our setup of developing country with modifications.
A giant trichobezoar with Rapunzel syndrome: a case report
Authors: Wadhawan Gaurav , Vyas Kailash C. , Bhatia Ravi
Published: July 2018

Bezoar is a conglomeration of foreign material in the intestinal tract. Trichobezoar is accumulation of hairs in the gastric chamber and Rapunzel Syndrome is accumulation of hairs in the small intestine. This commonly occurs in children and adolescents who are commonly suffering from a psychiatric disorder called Trichotillomania in which they have the habit of eating hairs which is called Trichophagia. Authors are presenting a case of a fourteen years old girl who kept on eating her hairs and nails to develop a giant Trichobezoar with a short segment of Rapunzel Syndrome.
A prospective study of vitiligo cases in Government Dharmapuri Medical College Hospital
Authors: Akila R.
Published: July 2018

Background: Vitiligo is a pigmentary disorder of skin whose precise etiology is not known, though it is considered to be genetic, an autoimmune skin disorder in which there is a loss of skin pigment. This disease can occur at any age. Vitiligo affects various parts of the body. Though various modalities of treatment became available, still produces significant social stigma and leads to a psychological impact on the patient.

Methods: 100 cases of vitiligo patients attending Dermatology outpatient Department at Govt Dharmapuri Medical college hospital during the period of January 2017 to June 2017 were included in the study. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients and from parents in case of children. A detailed history was obtained and dermatological/systemic examination was done using a proforma. Necessary investigations were done. A psychiatric evaluation was done for all.

Results: Females were more involved than males in our study. The youngest patient recorded in our study is 6 years. Exposed areas are more involved. The leg is the most common site involved followed by hands. 8 percent of patients had associated diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism (2%), and hyperthyroidism (1%). Depression was seen in 8 percent of the patients. Marital conflict (3%) and delayed marriage (5%) was recorded in the study.

Conclusions: Though various research studies and treatment modalities became available for this pigmentary disorder it still remains a social stigma. Females were little more involved in our study which may be due to a cosmetic concern. Associated diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders support autoimmune etiology.
Prevalence of paediatric dermatoses among patients attending Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry
Authors: Medasani Varsha , Oudeacoumar Paquirissamy , Chitralekhya Rao , Misra Saurabh Krishna
Published: July 2018

Background: Skin diseases are a major health problem in the paediatric age group and are associated with significant morbidity. Dermatoses in children are more influenced by socioeconomic status, dietary habits, climatic exposure and external environment as compared to adults. The present study was undertaken to know the prevalence of paediatric dermatoses among patients attending Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry.

Methods: All newly diagnosed, untreated male and female paediatric patients (from neonates to adolescents ≤19 years of age) attending Dermatology OPD, from October 2015 to September 2017 were evaluated to study the prevalence and patterns of paediatric dermatoses. The skin disorders were classified into groups like infections, infestations, eczemas, acne, hypersensitivity disorders, sweat gland disorders, pigmentary disorders, nevi, keratinisation disorders, hair and scalp disorders, papulosquamous disorders, bullous disorders, nail disorders, drug reactions, other dermatoses.

Results: The prevalence of pediatric dermatoses in our OPD is 25.21%. Incidence of pediatric dermatoses was found to be more in males 237 (59.39%) than in females 162 (40.60%) and the majority of the patients were in adolescent age group (217; 54.38%). Present study showed that majority of cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic group 186(46.6 %). In our study, majority (58.98%) of dermatoses belonged to infections and infestations group. Of the infective dermatoses, fungal infections (27.88%) were the most common.

Conclusions: Infectious dermatoses were commonly seen in this study that may be due to poverty, overcrowding, poor hygiene. There is an increasing trend of fungal infections which might be related to hygiene and environment. 
A study of skin manifestations in patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Samanthula Haritha , Kodali Madhavi , Manyam Karthik
Published: July 2018

Background: The interaction between psychological factors and skin diseases has long been hypothesized. Considerations of psychiatry and psychosocial factors are important for better management of dermatological disorders as coexistence of psychiatric and dermatological disorders are mostly seen. The aim of the study was to identify skin manifestations in individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders.

Methods: A total of 100 patients attending dermatology OPD were screened for history of any psychiatric illness and patients with a positive history of psychiatric illness were recruited into study. The skin lesions were categorised as per the classification of psychodermatology and results were analysed accordingly.

Results: The patients recruited belonged to age groups ranging from 12 to 70 with a higher female to male ratio (54% females and 46% males). The psychophysiological disorders constituted 29 %, among them chronic urticaria (34.4%) followed by psoriasis (27.58%) constituted the majority. 18% had primary psychiatric disorders, of which pruritis (61.1%) and delusions of parasitosis (22.2%) were commonly observed. Secondary psychiatric disorders constituted 21%, among them vitiligo comprised (33.33%), and acne (28.57%).

Conclusions: The study shows a positive association of skin diseases with psychiatric illnesses. Dermatologists should be able to treat the patients holistically, and must know the ideal time to refer the patients to psychiatrists for better management.