bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy‐associated immune‐mediated polyarthritis in a dog
Authors: Willemse Tijmen W.J. , Lamb Valerie , Kelly Darren
Published: October 2019

A two‐year and seven‐month‐old female entire golden retriever was referred for investigation of sudden‐onset, suspected immune‐mediated polyarthritis (IMPA). The dog was five weeks into gestation. On presentation, the dog was unable to stand or walk without assistance. The initial clinical suspicion of IMPA was confirmed on cytology of the synovial fluid from eight joints which showed marked neutrophilic inflammation. Pregnancy was confirmed by abdominal ultrasound examination, with no other abnormalities seen on thoracic radiographs or abdominal ultrasound. Based on the known association between pregnancy and immune‐mediated diseases in human beings and the potential risks associated with administration of immunosuppressive medications to the fetuses and pregnant bitch, ovariohysterectomy was performed. Following surgery, the dog was treated with meloxicam and paracetamol. Within 48 hours of surgery and starting analgesic medications, the clinical signs had completely resolved, and follow‐up examinations one, two and six months postdiagnosis showed no evidence of relapsing disease.
A holographic study of the a-theorem and RG flow in general quadratic curvature gravity
Authors: Siahvoshan Malihe , Ghodsi Ahmad
Published: October 2019

We use the holographic language to show the existence of thea-theorem for even dimensional CFTs, dual to the AdS space in general quadratic curvature gravity. We find the Wess-Zumino action which is originated from the spontaneous breaking of the conformal symmetry in$$d\le 8$$d≤8, by using a radial cut-off near the AdS boundary. We also study the RG flow and (average) null energy condition in the space of the couplings of theory. In a simple toy model, we find the regions where this holographic RG flow has a monotonic decreasing behavior.
Impact of global and local interaction on quantum spatial search on chimera graph
Authors: Glos Adam , Januszek Tomasz
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we investigated the influence of local and global interaction on the efficiency of continuous-time quantum spatial search. To do so, we analyzed numerically the chimera graph, which is defined as 2D grid with each node replaced by complete bipartite graph. Our investigation provides a numerical evidence that with a large number of local interactions the quantum spatial search is optimal, contrary to the case with limited number of such interactions. The result suggests that relatively large number of local interactions with the marked vertex is necessary for optimal search, which in turn would imply that poorly connected vertices are hard to be found.
An effective estimate for the measure of the set of p-adic numbers with a given order of approximation
Authors: Budarina Natalia
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we establish a rate of convergence to zero of the measure of the set [Formula: see text] for which the inequality [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] has a solution in the integer polynomials [Formula: see text] of degree [Formula: see text] and height bounded by [Formula: see text].
Product of primes in arithmetic progressions
Authors: Ramaré Olivier , Srivastav Priyamvad , Serra Oriol
Published: October 2019

We prove that, for all [Formula: see text] and for all invertible residue classes [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text], there exists a natural number [Formula: see text] that is congruent to [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text] and that is the product of exactly three primes, all of which are below [Formula: see text]. The proof is further supplemented with a self-contained proof of the special case of the Kneser Theorem we use.
A 4D flow MRI evaluation of the impact of shear-dependent fluid viscosity on in vitro Fontan circulation flow
Authors: Cheng Andrew L. , Wee Choo Phei , Pahlevan Niema M. , Wood John C.
Published: October 2019

The Fontan procedure for univentricular heart defects creates a nonphysiologic circulation where systemic venous blood drains directly into the pulmonary arteries, leading to multiorgan dysfunction secondary to chronic low-shear nonpulsatile pulmonary blood flow and central venous hypertension. Although blood viscosity increases exponentially in this low-shear environment, the role of shear-dependent (“non-Newtonian”) blood viscosity in this pathophysiology is unclear. We studied three-dimensional (3D)-printed Fontan models in an in vitro flow loop with a Philips 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. A 4D flow phase-contrast sequence was used to acquire a time-varying 3D velocity field for each experimental condition. On the basis of blood viscosity of a cohort of patients who had undergone the Fontan procedure, it was decided to use 0.04% xanthan gum as a non-Newtonian blood analog; 45% glycerol was used as a Newtonian control fluid. MRI data were analyzed using GTFlow and MATLAB software. The primary outcome, power loss, was significantly higher with the Newtonian fluid [14.8 (13.3, 16.4) vs. 8.1 (6.4, 9.8)%, medians with 95% confidence interval, P < 0.0001]. The Newtonian fluid also demonstrated marginally higher right pulmonary artery flow, marginally lower shear stress, and a trend toward higher caval flow mixing. Outcomes were modulated by Fontan model complexity, cardiac output, and caval flow ratio. Vortexes, helical flow, and stagnant flow were more prevalent with the non-Newtonian fluid. Our data demonstrate that shear-dependent viscosity significantly alters qualitative flow patterns, power loss, pulmonary flow distribution, shear stress, and caval flow mixing in synthetic models of the Fontan circulation. Potential clinical implications include effects on exercise capacity, ventilation-perfusion matching, risk of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, and risk of thromboembolism.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although blood viscosity increases exponentially in low-shear environments, the role of shear-dependent (“non-Newtonian”) blood viscosity in the pathophysiology of the low-shear Fontan circulation is unclear. We demonstrate that shear-dependent viscosity significantly alters qualitative flow patterns, power loss, pulmonary flow distribution, shear stress, and caval flow mixing in synthetic models of the Fontan circulation. Potential clinical implications include effects on exercise capacity, ventilation-perfusion matching, risk of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, and risk of thromboembolism.
A Comprehensive PDX Gastric Cancer Collection Captures Cancer Cell–Intrinsic Transcriptional MSI Traits
Authors: Corso Simona , Isella Claudio , Bellomo Sara E. , Apicella Maria , Durando Stefania , Migliore Cristina , Ughetto Stefano , D’Errico Laura , Menegon Silvia , Moya-Rull Daniel , Cargnelutti Marilisa , Capelôa Tânia , Conticelli Daniela , Giordano Jessica , Venesio Tiziana , Balsamo Antonella , Marchiò Caterina , Degiuli Maurizio , Reddavid Rossella , Fumagalli Uberto , De Pascale Stefano , Sgroi Giovanni , Rausa Emanuele , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Molfino Sarah , Pietrantonio Filippo , Morano Federica , Siena Salvatore , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea , Bencivenga Maria , Mengardo Valentina , Rosati Riccardo , Marrelli Daniele , Morgagni Paolo , Rausei Stefano , Pallabazzer Giovanni , De Simone Michele , Ribero Dario , Marsoni Silvia , Sottile Antonino , Medico Enzo , Cassoni Paola , Sapino Anna , Pectasides Eirini , Thorner Aaron R. , Nag Anwesha , Drinan Samantha D. , Wollison Bruce M. , Bass Adam J. , Giordano Silvia
Published: October 2019

Gastric cancer is the world's third leading cause of cancer mortality. In spite of significant therapeutic improvements, the clinical outcome for patients with advanced gastric cancer is poor; thus, the identification and validation of novel targets is extremely important from a clinical point of view. We generated a wide, multilevel platform of gastric cancer models, comprising 100 patient-derived xenografts (PDX), primary cell lines, and organoids. Samples were classified according to their histology, microsatellite stability, Epstein–Barr virus status, and molecular profile. This PDX platform is the widest in an academic institution, and it includes all the gastric cancer histologic and molecular types identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas. PDX histopathologic features were consistent with those of patients' primary tumors and were maintained throughout passages in mice. Factors modulating grafting rate were histology, TNM stage, copy number gain of tyrosine kinases/KRAS genes, and microsatellite stability status. PDX and PDX-derived cells/organoids demonstrated potential usefulness to study targeted therapy response. Finally, PDX transcriptomic analysis identified a cancer cell–intrinsic microsatellite instability (MSI) signature, which was efficiently exported to gastric cancer, allowing the identification, among microsatellite stable (MSS) patients, of a subset of MSI-like tumors with common molecular aspects and significant better prognosis. In conclusion, we generated a wide gastric cancer PDX platform, whose exploitation will help identify and validate novel “druggable” targets and optimize therapeutic strategies. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis of gastric cancer PDXs allowed the identification of a cancer cell–intrinsic MSI signature, recognizing a subset of MSS patients with MSI transcriptional traits, endowed with better prognosis.

Significance:

This study reports a multilevel platform of gastric cancer PDXs and identifies a MSI gastric signature that could contribute to the advancement of precision medicine in gastric cancer.
Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to the Third-Generation ALK Inhibitor Lorlatinib in ALK-Rearranged Lung Cancer
Authors: Recondo Gonzalo , Mezquita Laura , Facchinetti Francesco , Planchard David , Gazzah Anas , Bigot Ludovic , Rizvi Ahsan Z. , Frias Rosa L. , Thiery Jean Paul , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Sourisseau Tony , Howarth Karen , Deas Olivier , Samofalova Dariia , Galissant Justine , Tesson Pauline , Braye Floriane , Naltet Charles , Lavaud Pernelle , Mahjoubi Linda , Abou Lovergne Aurélie , Vassal Gilles , Bahleda Rastilav , Hollebecque Antoine , Nicotra Claudio , Ngo-Camus Maud , Michiels Stefan , Lacroix Ludovic , Richon Catherine , Auger Nathalie , De Baere Thierry , Tselikas Lambros , Solary Eric , Angevin Eric , Eggermont Alexander M. , Andre Fabrice , Massard Christophe , Olaussen Ken A. , Soria Jean-Charles , Besse Benjamin , Friboulet Luc
Published: October 2019

Purpose:

Lorlatinib is a third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor with proven efficacy in patients with ALK-rearranged lung cancer previously treated with first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors. Beside compound mutations in the ALK kinase domain, other resistance mechanisms driving lorlatinib resistance remain unknown. We aimed to characterize the mechanisms of resistance to lorlatinib occurring in patients with ALK-rearranged lung cancer and design new therapeutic strategies in this setting.

Experimental Design:

Resistance mechanisms were investigated in 5 patients resistant to lorlatinib. Longitudinal tumor biopsies were studied using high-throughput next-generation sequencing. Patient-derived models were developed to characterize the acquired resistance mechanisms, and Ba/F3 cell mutants were generated to study the effect of novel ALK compound mutations. Drug combinatory strategies were evaluated in vitro and in vivo to overcome lorlatinib resistance.

Results:

Diverse biological mechanisms leading to lorlatinib resistance were identified. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediated resistance in two patient-derived cell lines and was susceptible to dual SRC and ALK inhibition. We characterized three ALK kinase domain compound mutations occurring in patients, L1196M/D1203N, F1174L/G1202R, and C1156Y/G1269A, with differential susceptibility to ALK inhibition by lorlatinib. We identified a novel bypass mechanism of resistance caused by NF2 loss-of-function mutations, conferring sensitivity to treatment with mTOR inhibitors.

Conclusions:

This study shows that mechanisms of resistance to lorlatinib are diverse and complex, requiring new therapeutic strategies to tailor treatment upon disease progression.
Class(y) Dissection ofBRAFHeterogeneity: Beyond Non-V600
Authors: Fontana Elisa , Valeri Nicola
Published: October 2019

Different classes of BRAF mutations are present in colorectal and other cancers. Non-V600 mutations are rare; however, their detection rate will increase as the use of next-generation sequencing ramps up quickly in clinical practice. Different biochemical signaling pathways are active in non-V600 BRAF–mutant cancers and may affect treatment response.

See related article by Yaeger et al., p. 7089
How to Increase Adherence and Compliance in Acne Treatment? A Combined Strategy of SMS and Visual Instruction Leaflet
Authors: Donnarumma Marianna , Fattore Davide , Greco Vincenzo , Ferrillo Maria , Vastarella Maria , Chiodini Paolo , Fabbrocini Gabriella
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Acne is a common skin disease with important psychosocial impact. Often inadequate compliance affects the efficacy of the therapy. Because of emerging use of mobile and electronic health technology, the recent literature evaluated the helpfulness of the tools in medication adherence. The first goal of our study was to evaluate the adherence to therapy with topical adapalene 0.3%/benzoyl peroxide (A-BPO) 2.5% in different groups of patients who received explicative information supported by different strategies. The second goal was to evaluate the patient’s quality of life and skin parameters. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 126 subjects with mild to severe acne vulgaris. They were randomized into 3 groups of 42 patients each and applied daily topical A-BPO (0.3%, 2.5%) for 12 weeks. The first group (G1) was trained on the gel application by an explicative leaflet. The second group (G2) received the same instructions as group 1 and a daily SMS to remind them of the application of the product. The third group (G3) only received standard instructions. Evaluations were performed at the beginning of treatment (T0) and after 12 weeks (T1): assessment of acne severity using the Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) Scale for Acne Severity, quality of life by the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) and the Patient-Doctor Relationship Depth-of-Relationship Scale (PDRDS), skin pH, grade of hydration and adherence to treatment with a 7-day recall calendar were also measured. Results: After 12 weeks of therapy, we observed a reduction in IGA in all groups confirming the clinical efficacy of the product. In the multiple comparison analysis of IGA score reduction, a significant difference was found in G2 versus G1 and G2 versus G3, while the G1 versus G3 comparison was not statistically significant. However, the leaflet group (G1) showed better results compared to the no-leaflet group (G3). Supporting these data, we observed that adherence days correlated positively with the improvement of the single parameters. Moreover, we observed that SMS and leaflet groups had a greater improvement in quality of life evaluated by CADI and PDRDS scores. Conclusions: According to our data, this experimental setup based on text message service and leaflet service is inexpensive and easy to use. Physicians could consider using these items in their practice to enhance patient adherence and satisfaction as well as treatment outcome.
Objective and Subjective Characteristics of Vigilance under Different Narrow-Bandwidth Light Conditions: Do Shorter Wavelengths Have an Alertness-Enhancing Effect?
Authors: Šmotek Michal , Vlček Přemysl , Saifutdinova Elizaveta , Kopřivová Jana
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of 20 min of narrow-bandwidth light exposure of different wavelengths (455, 508, and 629 nm, with irradiance of 14 µW/cm2) on various neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters of vigilance in healthy volunteers and to provide further evidence of the behavioral (subjective sleepiness, reaction time) and electrophysiological (P300 and spectral characteristics) responses to light. The results show that the short-wavelength light condition (455 nm) was found to be most effective in terms of its alerting effect for the following variables: subjective sleepiness, latency of P300 response, and absolute EEG power in higher beta (24–34 Hz) and gamma (35–50 Hz) range at each of the 19 recording electrodes. However, no differences in current power density were observed at the level of cortical EEG sources estimated by exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography. Our results are in line with other research that shows significant alerting effects of blue (short-wavelength) light in comparison to lights of longer wavelengths. Our results confirm earlier findings that exposure to short-wavelength light during the day may enhance cognitive performance in task-specific scenarios.
Cardiomyocyte Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 Maintains Basal Cardiac Function via Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling
Authors: Guo Yuanjun , Sui Jennifer Y. , Kim Kyungsoo , Zhang Zhentao , Qu Xiaoyan A. , Nam Young-Jae , Willette Robert N. , Barnett Joey V. , Knollmann Bjorn C. , Force Thomas , Lal Hind
Published: October 2019

Background:

Cardiac kinases play a critical role in the development of heart failure, and represent potential tractable therapeutic targets. However, only a very small fraction of the cardiac kinome has been investigated. To identify novel cardiac kinases involved in heart failure, we used an integrated transcriptomics and bioinformatics analysis and identified Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (HIPK2) as a novel candidate kinase. The role of HIPK2 in cardiac biology is unknown.

Methods:

We used the Expression2Kinase algorithm for the screening of kinase targets. To determine the role of HIPK2 in the heart, we generated cardiomyocyte (CM)-specific HIPK2 knockout and heterozygous mice. Heart function was examined by echocardiography, and related cellular and molecular mechanisms were examined. Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 carrying cardiac-specific constitutively active MEK1 (TnT-MEK1-CA) was administrated to rescue cardiac dysfunction in CM-HIPK2 knockout mice.

Results:

To our knowledge, this is the first study to define the role of HIPK2 in cardiac biology. Using multiple HIPK2 loss-of-function mouse models, we demonstrated that reduction of HIPK2 in CMs leads to cardiac dysfunction, suggesting a causal role in heart failure. It is important to note that cardiac dysfunction in HIPK2 knockout mice developed with advancing age, but not during development. In addition, CM-HIPK2 knockout mice and CM-HIPK2 heterozygous mice exhibited a gene dose-response relationship of CM-HIPK2 on heart function. HIPK2 expression in the heart was significantly reduced in human end-stage ischemic cardiomyopathy in comparison to nonfailing myocardium, suggesting a clinical relevance of HIPK2 in cardiac biology. In vitro studies with neonatal rat ventricular CMscorroborated the in vivo findings. Specifically, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of HIPK2 suppressed the expression of heart failure markers,
NPPA
and
NPPB
, at basal condition and abolished phenylephrine-induced pathological gene expression. An array of mechanistic studies revealed impaired extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling in HIPK2-deficient hearts. An in vivo rescue experiment with adeno-associated virus serotype 9 TnT-MEK1-CA nearly abolished the detrimental phenotype of knockout mice, suggesting that impaired extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling mediated apoptosis as the key factor driving the detrimental phenotype in CM-HIPK2 knockout mice hearts.

Conclusions:

Taken together, these findings suggest that CM-HIPK2 is required to maintain normal cardiac function via extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling.
Morphology, Opto-Electronic and Dielectric Properties of Vacuum Sublimed CuPc Based Thin Films
Authors: Kaur Manjit , Dogra Rakesh , Arora Narinder , Sharma Navjeet , Kumar Rajesh
Published: October 2019

AC transport properties and dielectric response of sandwich geometry (Ag/CuPc/Ag) of CuPc(CuPc) thin films deposited using thermal evaporation technique have been studied within frequency range 1 Hz–10 KHz and in temperature range 303–383 K. Scanning electron microscope
(SEM) investigations of these films reveal fiber like morphology. Crystalline natures of CuPc films have been characterized using X-ray diffraction for different temperatures. The molecular orientations in films for different substrate temperatures have been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.
The optical band gaps calculated from the UV–Visible absorption spectra is found to lie in the range 3.01–3.15 eV. Electrical conductivity of CuPc films increases with increase of temperature. The hole mobility values of CuPc films at different temperatures have been calculated
using negative differential susceptance (–ΔB) technique. Both capacitance and dielectric constant have been found to decrease with the increase of frequency and temperature.
Threshold Voltage Modeling of Double Gate-All-Around Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistors (DGAA MOSFETs) Including the Fringing Field Effects
Authors: Kumar Arun , Srinivas P. S. T. N. , Bhushan Shiv , Dubey Sarvesh , Singh Yatendra Kumar , Tiwari Pramod Kumar
Published: October 2019

In this paper, an analytical threshold voltage model of double gate-all-around metal-oxide-semiconductorfield-effect-transistors (DGAA MOSFETs) including the fringing field effects is developed. The total fringing capacitance arising due to induced fringing fields in the device is divided
into inner, outer and bottom fringing capacitance. A simple expression for each fringe capacitance is developed individually. The 3-D Poisson's equation has been solved in the channel region using the parabolic potential approximation method to develop the surface potential expressions. The
effects of fringing capacitances of inner and outer gates which causes charge induction in the source/drain regions have been incorporated within the developed surface potential expressions. The change in potential due to these induced charges of source/drain region along the channel is formulated
and added with the developed surface potential expression at both surfaces. The obtained modified surface potential equations have been utilized to derive the expression of the threshold voltage of the device. The performance of the proposed model has been compared with the previously developed
model of DGAA MOSFET structure without High-k dielectrics. The effects of variation of device parameters on the threshold voltage have been also analyzed. The accuracy of the proposed model has been verified by numerical simulation results obtained by a device simulator VTCAD from Cogenda
Int.
Structural Modification of Doped Tunnel Field Effect Transistor for Enhanced Conduction Current and Lower Subthreshold Swing
Authors: Soni Deepak , Behera Amit Kumar , Sharma Dheeraj , Samajdar Dip Prakash , Yadav Dharmendra Singh
Published: October 2019

The material solubility in the source region and abrupt source/channel junction profile are the major concern which is responsible for the improvement of the electrical characteristics of conventional physical doped tunnel field effect transistor (PD-TFET). For this, an additional negatively
polarised electrode is mounted in P+ (source) – N (channel) – N+ (drain) structure over the source region to overcome material solubility. This improves the electrical characteristics of the device. Along with this, we have implanted a low workfunction metal
layer (ML) in the oxide layer under the gate electrode for creating more abruptness at the junction to improve the subthreshold swing (SS) of the device. Thus, the proposed concept improves the DC/RF performance of the doped TFET device. Further to this, the optimization of metal layer workfunction
and misalignment of metal layer in TFET have been performed to get optimum device characteristics. In addition to this, for the suppression of ambipolar behaviour, gate electrode is shorted from the drain side. Due to short length of gate electrode tunneling barrier width at the drain/channel
junction increases, hence the tunneling probability decreases which reduces the ambipolar current to parasitic current. Shortening of gate electrode also improves the RF performance.
Partial Discharge Detection and Discharge Type Identification of Gas Insulated Switchgear Based on Photoelectric Detection
Authors: Liu Dayong , Teng Guifa
Published: October 2019

Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is a relatively common high-voltage substation equipment. Due to the internal complex structure and integrated switch, it is easy to cause insulation defects, burrs and partial discharge of metal particles, thereby reducing the insulation of equipment
performance, which has attracted the attention of many researchers. In this study, aiming at the problem of partial discharge in GIS, a detection device of partial discharge based on photomultiplier instrument is proposed. In this device, Zemax software is used to simulate a front-end optical
signal receiving module that enhances the photosensitive surface and enhances the optical signal aggregation effect. In terms of signal processing, the output voltage signal of the photomultiplier instrument is filtered, and the corresponding signal is extracted for amplification. The partial
discharge detecting device designed in the experiment is used to judge the internal insulation defects of the GIS, and to discriminate the metal protrusion defects, the metal particle defects on the insulator surface, the free metal particle defects, and the air gap defects between the insulator
and the high voltage conductor, respectively. The partial discharge signal ϕ-u-v spectra of different defect models are constructed. Through the image simulation of partial discharge signals corresponding to defects, it is verified that the detection device can distinguish
the partial discharge caused by different defects, which is helpful to prevent the occurrence of malignant discharge accidents and maintain the stable operation of GIS equipment.
On-Line Monitoring of Power Transformer Core Vibration Test System Based on Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Sensor and Photodetector
Authors: Ding Liang
Published: October 2019

Transformer fault is a common problem in power system safety. In the situation of major failure of severe power transformers (PTF), the entire power grid system can be crashed and collapsed. In this study, by analyzing the causes of the vibration of transformer core (vTFC), it was found
that the magnetostriction of the silicon steel sheet (SSS) is the main cause of vTFC. The magnetostrictive effect and principle of SSS was analyzed, and the relationship between core magnetostriction and exciting voltage, current, core vibration acceleration and core magnetostriction were
discussed. Based on the optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor (FFPs) and photodetector, vTFC signal testing system was designed as a whole. The system was built and the system was used to measure and analyze the vTFC signal. It is verified that the higher harmonic components of the vTFC signal
are mainly distributed around the natural frequency of the core and will vary with the load. The test results showed that the system designed in this study is stable, it is capable of online monitoring and extracting effective vTFC signals, and is easy to optimize and upgrade.
Should Excess Topical Decongestant Use Raise a Red Flag? Rhinitis Medicamentosa and Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Patel Aneesh , Levi Jessica R. , Brook Christopher D.
Published: October 2019

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine whether patients with rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) have an increased odds of having an opioid use disorder (OUD) and which characteristics may predict this association.

Methods:

The authors conducted a retrospective case control study of patients 18 years and older who presented to the otolaryngology clinic at an academic medical center from January 2013 through December 2017. Cases, defined as patients who presented with excessive decongestant nasal spray usage based on history, were matched to control patients who presented with chronic rhinitis and did not report regular nasal decongestant usage. The charts were reviewed for patients that carried a problem of opioid abuse, identified using ICD-9 codes 304.XX or ICD-10 codes F11.XX. The primary outcome of this study was the odds of having an OUD. Secondary outcomes were assessed by summary statistics.

Results:

One hundred and thirty-one cases of RM were matched to 1871 controls of chronic rhinitis. Seven cases (5.3%) and 24 (1.3%) controls had a diagnosis of OUD, consistent with an odds ratio of 3.98 for opioid abuse in patients with RM (95% CI: 1.47-9.71). Oxymetazoline was used by 85.5% (n = 112) of patients with RM. Thirty-six patients (27.1%) with RM underwent nasal surgery following a diagnosis of RM, of which twenty patients (55.6%) were prescribed opioids following the procedure.

Conclusions:

RM is associated with increased odds of having an OUD.
Rate effects on fiber–matrix interfacial transverse debonding behavior
Authors: Chu Jou-Mei , Claus Benjamin , Lim Boon Him , O’Brien Daniel , Sun Tao , Fezzaa Kamel , Chen Wayne
Published: October 2019

The rate effect of fiber–matrix interfacial debonding behavior of SC-15 epoxy with S-2 glass and aramid fiber reinforcements was studied via in-situ visualization of the transverse debonding event. In this study, the debonding force history, debonding initiation, debonding crack velocity, and crack geometry were characterized using a quasi-static load frame and a modified tension Kolsky bar at loading velocities of 0.25 mm/s and 2.5 m/s. Cruciform-shaped specimens were used for interfacial transverse debonding between SC-15 epoxy matrix and two types of fiber reinforcements. The load history and high-speed images of the debonding event were simultaneously recorded. A major increase was observed for the average peak debonding force and a minor increase was observed for the average crack velocity with increasing loading velocity. The crack geometry of the cruciform specimens under both loading velocities was also tracked. Scanning electron microscopy of the recovered specimens revealed the debonding direction along the fiber–matrix interface through angled patterns on the failure surface.
Preinjury Psychological Factors and Case Formulation in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: A Case Report
Authors: Taylor Joanne E. , Seebeck Renée F.
Published: October 2019

Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for the majority of TBIs. Most cases recover within 3 months and usual medical advice covers physical and cognitive rest, activity and fatigue management, and education. However, in some cases, symptoms can persist and there may be ongoing postconcussion difficulties. It is well established that pre- and postinjury psychological factors can contribute to cases of persistent postconcussion symptoms. However, there are few illustrative case examples in the published literature on mild TBI. This case example demonstrates the pivotal role that preinjury psychological factors can play in recovery from mild TBI, using an example of a 35-year-old woman with persistent mild TBI symptoms who had a limited response to previous brief treatment through a Concussion Clinic. Through the process of assessment and development of a psychological case formulation, preinjury psychological factors that had been barriers to recovery and prior rehabilitation efforts were identified. Rehabilitation counselors are equipped to (1) identify and address such barriers, (2) communicate this information to other rehabilitation professionals in the treatment team to facilitate a shared understanding of how factors might affect the client’s functioning and (3) contribute to team case formulation.
Estimation of states and parameters of multi-axle distributed electric vehicle based on dual unscented Kalman filter
Authors: Pei Xiaofei , Chen Zhenfu , Yang Bo , Chu Duanfeng
Published: October 2019

Distributed electric drive technology has become an important trend because of its ability to enhance the dynamic performance of multi-axle heavy vehicle. This article presents a joint estimation of vehicle’s state and parameters based on the dual unscented Kalman filter. First, a 12-degrees-of-freedom dynamic model of an 8 × 8 distributed electric vehicle is established. Considering the dynamic variation of some key parameters for heavy vehicle, a real-time parameter estimator is introduced, based on which simultaneous estimation of vehicle’s state and parameters is implemented under the dual unscented Kalman filter framework. Simulation results show that the dual unscented Kalman filter estimator has a high estimation accuracy for multi-axle distributed electric vehicle’s state and key parameters. Therefore, it is reliable for vehicle dynamics control without the influence of unknown or varying parameters.
Cultural tightness-looseness: Its nature and missiological applications
Authors: Dunaetz David R.
Published: October 2019

The focus of much missionary work concerns sharing the gospel with others so that they may put their faith in Jesus Christ. However, members of some cultures are much more resistant to this than are members of other cultures. The concept of cultural tightness-looseness helps explain why some cultures are more closed to the gospel than are others. Tight cultures, in contrast to loose cultures, have strong social norms, violations of which are met with intense sanctions. Numerous recent studies reveal the antecedents, consequences, and the geographical distribution of cultural tightness-looseness. There are important missiological implications at the societal level, the individual level, and the organizational level when missionaries work in host cultures which are tighter than their home cultures. Understanding these implications can help the missionary better love and respond to the needs of members of their host culture.
Purpose-Driven Risk Assessment
Authors: Lipscomb John C.
Published: October 2019

Chemical exposures are routine; some are controlled, some are not. Whether an exposure should be controlled depends on the acceptability of the consequences of controlling or not controlling the exposure. The federal government has the responsibility to protect human health against the harmful effects of chemical exposure, and uses rather conservative policies and procedures to develop regulatory exposure standards. These protective risk values typically do not inform the likelihood of harm or the type of harm that should be anticipated if regulated exposure standards are exceeded. Exposure guideline values are not regulatory and not enforceable. Their purpose is to predict the types and severity of responses with respect to the exposure. These values may be called “predictive,” perhaps primarily because of the decreased level of conservatism based directly on their need to provide information on the likelihood of harm and the type of harm that should be anticipated when exposures are uncontrolled. If an emergency response action is required, the intensity of that response should be aligned with the anticipated impact of the exposure on human health and safety. The applicability of risk values for specific exposure scenarios should be selected based on the purpose for which they were developed.
Randomized Pilot Study: A Mobile Technology-based Self-management Intervention for Sickle Cell Pain
Authors: Ezenwa Miriam O. , Yao Yingwei , Nguyen Minh-Nguyet T. , Mandernach Molly W. , Hunter Clayton T. , Yoon Saunjoo L. , Fedele David , Lucero Robert J. , Lyon Debra , Wilkie Diana J.
Published: October 2019

Little is known about the effects of self-managed relaxation interventions on pain, stress, and autonomic responses in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). This pre-post randomized controlled pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using computer tablets for relaxation intervention delivery; acceptability of study procedures; and intervention effects on pain, stress, and indicators of relaxation. The 30 research participants ranged in age from 22 years to 59 years. All were African American; 53% were male. They were randomized to an experimental group that watched a relaxation video or a control group that discussed their disease. All participants completed the study, indicating feasibility. Acceptability rates were also high. Data were obtained for the intervention’s immediate effect on pain, stress, respiration, pulse, finger skin temperature, and self-reported relaxation. These preliminary findings will guide future, higher-powered studies to determine the intervention’s efficacy and mechanism in SCD.

The ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02729363
A Tribute to Abdul Ali (1957 – 2018)
Authors: Crittenden Victoria L. , Dhebar Anirudh
Published: October 2019

Abdul Ali, a dear colleague at Babson College and a valued leader in the American Marketing Association Entrepreneurial Marketing Special Interest Group and the Global Research Symposium for Marketing and Entrepreneurship, brought knowledge, humility, and laughter to all he did, whether it be in teaching, research, or service. He was at the forefront of entrepreneurial marketing, and he dedicated much of his professional life to its advancement. Co-editing this special issue of the Journal of Macromarketing was a great source of pride and honor for him. In his personal life, Abdul was proud of his wife and two daughters; their accomplishments were his accomplishments. He also spoke so highly of his siblings, and he cherished the time that he was able to spend with his parents. Abdul’s passing is a great loss to all of us, and we have attempted to capture his essence in this memoriam.
The start-up state: Governing urbanised capitalism
Authors: Moisio Sami , Rossi Ugo
Published: October 2019

This paper assesses the mutating role of the state in today’s flourishing technology hubs in major cities and metropolitan areas across the globe through a comparative lens. Conventional wisdom associates the contemporary phenomenon of high-tech urbanism with minimum state intervention. In public as well as in scholarly debates, technology-intensive urban economies are customarily portrayed as a phenomenon whose formative creativity and ethos stems from an essentially post-political nature. As these economies emerge, thanks to the cooperative dynamism of urban societies, political governments are considered merely as coordinators of inter-actor relationships, particularly as managers or orchestrators of innovative ‘business ecosystems’ and ‘platforms’. We, in turn, suggest that today’s emergence of technology-based economies in a selected circle of major cities and metropolitan areas is an inherently political phenomenon, as it is closely linked to what we call the strategic urbanisation of the state. Looking at the trajectories of Finland and Italy during the post-recession decade of the 2010s, we disclose the state-driven selective mobilisation of urban economies as a response to the low-growth present of national political economies. In doing so, we argue that the entrepreneurialisation of selected urban locations cannot be understood without considering the qualitatively transformed roles of the local and national states. The coming together of entrepreneurialist and urbanising state strategies disclose a shift towards a start-up state whose distinctive features differ qualitatively from those of both the investment-oriented late-Keynesian entrepreneurial state and the decentralised local economic governance envisaged by today’s city-innovation theorists.
Humeral Retroversion and Injury Risk After Proximal Humeral Epiphysiolysis (Little Leaguer’s Shoulder)
Authors: Ito Atsushi , Mihata Teruhisa , Hosokawa Yuji , Hasegawa Akihiko , Neo Masashi , Doi Munekazu
Published: October 2019

Background:

The increased humeral retroversion on the dominant side of throwing athletes is thought to result from repetitive throwing motion. Little Leaguer’s shoulder—a rotational stress fracture of the proximal humeral epiphyseal plate—may influence the risk of humeral retroversion and injury of the shoulder or elbow joint.

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of Little Leaguer’s shoulder on humeral retroversion and the rates of shoulder and elbow injuries.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

10 high school baseball players (average age, 16.6 years; range, 16-18 years) who had experienced Little Leaguer’s shoulder during elementary or junior high school (average age, 12.6 years; range, 11-15 years) were enrolled in the study. As a control group, 22 high school baseball players (average age, 16.9 years; range, 16-18 years) who had never had any shoulder or elbow injury during elementary and junior high school were included. Humeral retroversion on ultrasonographic measurement, shoulder range of motion, and rates of shoulder and elbow injuries were evaluated.

Results:

Humeral retroversion was significantly greater on the dominant side than on the nondominant side in both players with Little Leaguer’s shoulder (dominant, 104°± 8°; nondominant, 84°± 12°; P < .001) and controls (dominant, 91°± 13°; nondominant, 81°± 10°; P < .001). In the dominant shoulder, humeral retroversion was greater in the Little Leaguer’s shoulder group than in the control group ( P = .008). When the effects of humeral retroversion were excluded, maximal external rotation was significantly less in the dominant shoulder than in the nondominant shoulder in the Little Leaguer’s shoulder group (by 11°± 12°, P = .02), whereas no significant difference was found between dominant (110°± 11°) and nondominant (111°± 13°) shoulders in the control group ( P = .64). The rates of shoulder and elbow pain were significantly higher in the Little Leaguer’s shoulder group (shoulder pain 80%, elbow pain 70%) than in the control group (shoulder pain 9%, P < .001; elbow pain 32%, P = .04).

Conclusion:

Humeral retroversion was increased in baseball players without any history of shoulder or elbow injury during elementary and junior high school and was further increased in players who had had Little Leaguer’s shoulder. Increased humeral retroversion after Little Leaguer’s shoulder may be a risk factor for future shoulder or elbow injury.
Post-traumatic Headache After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Association With Neurocognitive Outcomes
Authors: McConnell Blake , Duffield Tyler , Hall Trevor , Piantino Juan , Seitz Dylan , Soden Daniel , Williams Cydni
Published: October 2019

Post-traumatic headache is common after pediatric traumatic brain injury and affects thousands of children every year, but little is known about how headache affects recovery after traumatic brain injury in other symptom domains. We aimed to determine the association between headache and other common symptoms after pediatric traumatic brain injury and explore whether subjective complaints of headache are associated with objective deficits on specialized neurocognitive testing. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children ages 3-19 years following traumatic brain injury with a completed Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) questionnaire. Post-traumatic headache was defined by a score more than 2 on the SCAT question for headache and define headache groups for comparison. In our cohort, we analyzed data from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II). Headache was reported in 40 (33%) patients presenting for post-traumatic brain injury care among 121 pediatric traumatic brain injury patients and did not differ by injury severity. Median total SCAT symptom score in the headache group was 5-fold higher compared to patients without headache (median 45.5 vs 9; P < .001). Significantly lower-scaled scores in color naming, matrix reasoning, letter sequencing, and letter switching were also found in the headache group (all P ≤ .03). Our study shows that headache, as reported by patients on the SCAT, is associated with higher symptom scores in all other symptom domains, including sleep, mood, sensory, and cognitive. Headache was also associated with worse objective neurocognitive measures and may identify patients who could benefit from specialized follow-up care and management.
A Short-Term Longitudinal Investigation of the Relationship Between Trait Mindfulness and Female-Perpetrated Dating Violence
Authors: Hesse Calvin , Shorey Ryan C. , Brem Meagan J. , Stuart Gregory L. , Cornelius Tara L.
Published: October 2019

Within the past several decades, dating violence has emerged as a major health problem, with rates of physical violence ranging from 20% to 30% and psychological aggression ranging from 60% to 90% in college dating relationships. Despite this, there have been few successful dating violence prevention programs developed. Thus, it is imperative that research can identify the relationship between potential protective factors, such as trait mindfulness, and dating violence perpetration. This study builds upon previous research on mindfulness and dating violence by investigating this question within a sample of female undergraduate students at two universities ( N = 381) over the course of one semester. Findings suggested that the nonjudging aspect of mindfulness was associated with less perpetration of psychological and physical aggression approximately 3 months later. Furthermore, several facets of mindfulness were able to differentiate individuals who perpetrated aggression at Time 2 relative to individuals without a history of perpetration. These findings build on previous work in the field and suggest that mindfulness may play an important role in the manifestation of dating violence. Directions for future research on the relation between mindfulness and dating violence are discussed.
Ukrainian vs. Russian? The Securitization of Language-Related Issues in Ukrainian Blogs and on News Websites
Authors: Maksimovtsova Ksenia
Published: October 2019

The transformation of the peaceful demonstrations, which started on November 21, 2013, against Yanukovych’s decision to suspend the signing of the association agreement with the EU, into the bloodshed in Kyiv and eastern Ukraine, has vividly demonstrated that the rhetoric of the “protection of Russian-speakers’ rights” can be easily transformed from the level of “discursive threats” to the real threat of Ukraine’s dissolution. Therefore, the article seeks to explain how language-related issues were securitized in public discussions in leading Ukrainian blogs and on news websites that function in the Russian language after the Revolution of Dignity. The analysis of journalistic articles and users’ comments encompasses the period of 2013–2015 when the Russian–Ukrainian conflict and the discussion of language issues reached its climax. It is argued that despite an extreme presence of anti-Russian (anti-imperialist) arguments and consolidation over the idea of Ukrainian as the only state language (“one nation–one language”), arguments that supported an equal legal status of Russian- and Ukrainian-speakers were also to be found in selected digital media outlets. The analysis has also demonstrated that for most online users of Ukrainian digital media that function in Russian, the state language is constructed as the language discriminated against in its own national state.
Teresa Prekerowa: Going against the Grain
Authors: Kalabinski Marta
Published: October 2019

In November 1940, an eighteen-year-old Polish girl went into the Warsaw Ghetto to see how she could help a girl she barely knew. Without initially telling family or friends, she went back a dozen times over the next two months, bringing food and medication to the girl and her family. Why would she go to such great lengths and at such considerable risk to herself to help someone she barely knew? Teresa Prekerowa’s story provides some much needed insight into the psychology of rescuers, shedding light on what makes attempted rescue possible, and why it is impossible for the vast majority of people.