bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Status Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Masyarakat di Provinsi DI Yogyakarta
Authors: Suratri Made Ayu Lely , Agus Telly Purnamasari , Jovina Tince Arniati
Published: December 2022

Abstrak

     Status Kesehatan Gigi dan mulut merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia yang belum mendapat prioritas tinggi. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi karies gigi mencapai 88,80% dan prevalensi periodontitis 74,10%. Provinsi DIY termasuk provinsi yang mempunyai proporsi yang bermasalah dengan gigi dan mulut nya di atas angka Nasional (65,60%) dan yang mendapatkan perawatan oleh tenaga medis gigi 16,40%. Tujuan dari analisis ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran status kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Provinsi DIY. Metode penelitian non intervensi dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional). Pengumpulan data kesehatan gigi dan mulut dilakukan di 5 kabupaten kota Provinsi DIY melalui Riskesdas 2018, dengan sampel penelitian adalah semua anggota rumah tangga di rumah tangga terpilih berusia ≥ 3 tahun ke atas. Pelaksanaan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, dan pemeriksaan gigi dan mulut dengan menggunakan formulir dan alat sesuai dengan standar WHO. Hasil penelitian diketahui jumlah responden usia ≥ 3 tahun, sebanyak 10.897 orang terdiri dari responden laki laki 49,34 % dan perempuan 50,66%. Kabupaten Gunung Kidul yang bermasalah paling tinggi dengan gigi rusak/berlubang/sakit, dan yang bermasalah paling tinggi dengan kesehatan mulut dengan gusi bengkak dan/atau keluar bisul (abses) yaitu Kota Yogyakarta. Mengatasi masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling banyak dengan cara pengobatan/minum obat (35,43%), kemudian diikuti dengan konseling perawatan kebersihan dan kesehatan gigi & mulut (14,00%),  pencabutan gigi (8,63%), dan penumpatan/penambalan gigi (6,41%). Proporsi responden yang menyikat gigi setiap hari sebesar 65,59% dan waktu menyikat gigi yang benar sebesar 16,41%. Kesimpulan, proporsi tertinggi responden yang bermasalah dengan gigi rusak, berlubang ataupun sakit adalah kelompok usia 5-9 tahun,  sedangkan proporsi terendah kelompok usia 3-4 tahun. Tindakan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan pengobatan/minum obat yang tertinggi di Kota Yogyakarta.  Kabupaten Gunung Kidul yang bermasalah dengan gigi dan mulut tertinggi, sedangkan Kabupaten Bantul yang menerima perawatan paling tinggi oleh tenaga medis gigi.

Kata kunci: gambaran, status kesehatan gigi dan mulut, provinsi DIY
EKOLOGI TUMBUHAN OBAT PRANAJIWA (Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn.) DI BALI DAN LOMBOK
Authors: Krisnawati Krisnawati , Setiawan Ogi , Rahayu Anita Apriliani Dwi
Published: December 2022

Pranajiwa (Euchresta horsefieldii (Lesch.) Benn.) merupakan tumbuhan obat tradisional yang persebarannya ada di Bali dan Lombok. Sebagai dasar untuk menentukan kesesuaian pranajiwa terhadap suatu lahan, maka diperlukan informasi ekologi. Survei secara purposive dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi habitat pranajiwa di Bali dan Lombok pada tahun 2015 dan 2016 dengan mengumpulkan data vegetasi, topografi, iklim dan sifat tanah. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) digunakan untuk menentukan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ekologi pranajiwa. Pranajiwa tumbuh di daerah perbukitan dengan suhu >20°C, kelembapan 80% dan pH tanah agak asam. Di Bali, pranajiwa ditemukan pada kemiringan lereng curam dengan ketinggian >1.400 m dpl, sedangkan di Lombok ditemukan pada kemiringan lereng agak curam dengan ketinggian >1.200 m dpl. Populasi pranajiwa hidup secara mengelompok dan keberadaannya di alam dipengaruhi beberapa faktor seperti di Bali yang dipengaruhi oleh suhu, dan kemiringan lereng, kelerengan dan suhu, sedangkan di Lombok lebih dipengaruhi oleh kemiringan lereng dan ketinggian tempat. Informasi ekologi ini dapat mengungkap preferensi pranajiwa dihabitatnya dalam mendukung upaya konservasi.
PERSEBARAN DAN POTENSI ETNOFITOMEDIKA KASTURI (Mangifera casturi Kosterm): STUDI KASUS PADA MASYARAKAT SUKU BANJAR DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Fakhrozi Irzal , Hikmat Agus , Widyatmoko Didik , Zuhud Ervizal AM , Metananda Arya Arismaya
Published: December 2022

Mangifera casturi  Kosterm (Kasturi) memiliki nilai konservasi yang tinggi karena telah dinyatakan sebagai spesies yang punah di alam. Selain nilai konservasi yang tinggi, spesies ini juga merupakan spesies endemik pulau Kalimantan dan identitas flora Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Di Provinsi Riau, penyebaran kasturi tidak terlepas dari masuknya masyarakat suku Banjar dari Kalimantan Selatan pada tahun 1860an. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan penyebaran kasturi hanya terdapat di perkampungan masyarakat banjar yang ada di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Masyarakat banjar di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir memanfaatkan kasturi sebagai sumber bahan pangan (buah-buahan) dan buah ini juga dipercaya dapat mengatasi penyakit kembung dan masuk angin. Berdasarkan analisis metabolit sekunder pada aril dan kulit buah Kasturi, senyawa umum yang ada antara lain 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural merupakan senyawa golongan aldehid, Palmitic acid merupakan senyawa golongan asam lemak jenuh dan Ethyl palmitate merupakan senyawa golongan asam lemak.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT KECUKUPAN GIZI MIKRO (VITAMIN D, NATRIUM, KALSIUM) DAN STATUS GIZI TERHADAP KEJADIAN PREEKLAMSIA
Authors: Apriza Tenti , Harna Harna , Angkasa Dudung , Nadiyah Nadiyah
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang. Tingkat kecukupan vitamin D dapat membantu mengurangi kejadian hipertensi atau preeklamsia. Kekurangan kalsium, serum, dan seng dapat menjadi salah satu faktor risiko preeklamsia dibandingkan pada wanita hamil yang sehat. Beberapa ahli menyampaikan bahwa status gizi juga sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian preeklamsia. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan tingkat kecukupan zat gizi mikro dan status gizi terhadap kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil. Metode. Penelitian ini mengunakan desain cross-sectional. Rancangan dipilih secara simple random sampling sebanyak 71 responden. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecukupan vitamin D (80,3%), natrium (46,5%), dan kalsium (78,9%). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan zat gizi mikro dengan kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil (p>0,05) dan sebagian besar responden dengan status gizi lebih (40,8%). Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil (p<0,05). Kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan tidak ada hubungan asupan gizi mikro terhadap kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil. Akan tetapi kemungkinan disebabkan faktor risiko lain yang tidak dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Status gizi lebih mempunyai hubungan dengan kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil. Hasil penelitian tersebut membuktikan bahwa ibu hamil dengan status gizi lebih, lebih berisiko dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil dengan status gizi normal.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EDUKASI MELALUI PERMAINAN VITAMIN CHALLENGING CARD (VCC) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENTANG VITAMIN PADA REMAJA
Authors: Fitriana Nur , Sitoayu Laras , Harna Harna , Sa'pang Mertien
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang. Remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari anak-anak menjadi dewasa dan merupakan saat pertama kali menunjukkan tanda-tanda pubertasnya yang ditandai dengan matangnya organ-organ fisik, mulai terlihat ciri-ciri seks sekunder, terjadinya peningkatan pada tinggi dan berat badan, dan perubahan komposisi tubuh. Pada saat remaja manusia juga sedang mengalami masa growth spurt. Remaja juga mengalami perubahan psikososial dan mengalami masa pubertas yang ditandai dengan matangnya organ-organ fisik, mulai terlihat ciri-ciri seks sekunder. Oleh karena itu, pada masa remaja diperlukan asupan nutrisi yang cukup dan seimbang termasuk vitamin. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pemberian edukasi melalui media permainan Vitamin Challenging Card (VCC) terhadap perubahan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang pentingnya vitamin (A, D, C, dan B12) pada remaja. Metode. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimental menggunakan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Penelitian dilakukan di SMPN 2 Teluknaga Tangerang. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini yaitu 64 responden. Kelompok perlakuan diintervensi menggunakan media VCC dan kelompok kontrol diberi informasi melalui ceramah dengan media PowerPoint. Analisis data menggunakan dependent t-test dan independent t-test. Hasil. Nilai rata-rata pengetahuan pada kelompok perlakuan dengan intervensi menggunakan media permainan VCC pada saat pre-test dan post-test adalah 31,92 dan 61,21, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol adalah 32,26 dan 48,59. Kemudian nilai rata-rata sikap pada kelompok perlakuan pada saat pre-test dan post-test adalah 50,30 dan 74,54, sementara pada kelompok kontrol adalah 55,48 dan 65,58. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pemberian edukasi menggunakan media permainan VCC terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan (p=0,001) dan sikap (p=0,036) tentang pentingnya vitamin (A, D, C, dan B12). Kesimpulan. Media permainan VCC dapat menjadi media alternatif dalam pemberian edukasi gizi pada remaja karena dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang pentingnya vitamin (A, D, C, dan B12).
PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK SNACK BAR TINGGI BCAA [Branched-chain Amino Acids] BERBAHAN TEPUNG KAPRI [Pisum sativum], KECIPIR [Psophocarpus tetragonolbus] DAN KEDELAI [Glycine max] SEBAGAI MAKANAN ALTERNATIF UNTUK DAYA TAHAN ATLET
Authors: Yanti Reni , Angkasa Dudung , Jus’at Idrus
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Sufficiency of essential amino acid protein, BCAA (Branched-chain Amino Acids), may modulate muscle fatigue among endurance athletes. Indonesia poses an abundance of local food that can be developed as a good yet low-cost BCAA-food sources such as peace, winged beans, and soybeans. This study aimed to develop BCAA-snack bar food and describe its’s nutritional and sensory properties. This experimental study compared a ratio of Capri, winged, and soy flour, respectively into Formula 1 (F1) (25:25:25), F2 (25:10:40), F3 (10:40:25), and F4 (40:25:10). Sensory analysis was carried out by 25 trained panelists using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) while nutritional analysis (proximate analysis and Branched-chain Amino Acid (BCAA)) was performed in an accredited laboratory. One Way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc was used to find a difference between formulas. Formula 4 had the highest acceptance and contained, in percent, 18.57 protein, 40.09 carbohydrates, 9.81 fat, 1.67 ash, 23.3 moisture, and 4.06 crude fibers. The F4 also contained, in percent, 1.54 leucine, 0.88 isoleucine, 0,95 valine. There was a significant difference for each proximate and BCAA content across formulas while only aroma parameter that did not differ for both hedonic and hedonic quality aspects between formulas
 
ABSTRAK
Kecukupan protein asam amino esensial, BCAA (Branched-chain Amino Acids), dapat memodulasi kelelahan otot pada atlet endurance. Indonesia memiliki pangan lokal yang berlimpah dan dapat dikembangkan sebagai sumber pangan BCAA yang baik namun berbiaya rendah seperti kacang polong, kecipir, dan kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan makanan snack bar yang mengandung BCAA dan menyajikan komposisi gizi dan sifat sensorisnya. Studi eksperimental ini membandingkan rasio tepung kapri, kecipir, dan kedelai masing-masing menjadi Formula 1 (F1) (25:25:25), F2 (25:10:40), F3 (10:40:25), dan F4. (40:25:10). Analisis sensorik dilakukan oleh 25 panelis terlatih menggunakan Visual Analog Scale (VAS) sedangkan analisis gizi (analisis proksimat dan Branched-chain Amino Acid (BCAA)) dilakukan di laboratorium terakreditasi. One Way Anova dan Bonferroni Post Hoc digunakan untuk mencari perbedaan antar formula. Formula 4 memiliki preferensi tertinggi dan mengandung, dalam persen, 18,57 protein, 40,09 karbohidrat, 9,81 lemak, 1,67 abu, 23,3 air, dan 4,06 serat kasar. F4 juga mengandung, dalam persen, 1,54 leusin, 0,88 isoleusin, dan 0,95 valin. Ada perbedaan bermakna untuk semua nilai proksimat dan BCAA antar formula sebaliknya hanya parameter aroma yang tidak bermakna baik untuk aspek hedonik dan mutu hedonik antara semua formula. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(1):21-30]
PENGGUNAAN METODE UN-IGME UNTUK MENGESTIMASI KEMATIAN BAYI DAN BALITA DI PERKOTAAN DAN PERDESAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Maretalinia Maretalinia , Suyitno Suyitno , Suryani Dyah
Published: December 2022

The estimation of child mortality is very important, especially for the countries with low quality of death registration. The child mortality (IMR (Infant Mortality Rate) and U5MR (Under Five Mortality Rate) will be important to plan, organize, and evaluate the development programs. This study aimed to estimate the child mortality (IMR and U5MR) in urban and rural area of Indonesia. The indirect estimation method with one census period data was used to estimate the child mortality by using the data of: children ever born, children still alive, and number of women in reproductive age. The child mortality declined from 1997 to 2006 in urban and rural area but the child mortality in rural area was higher compared to urban area. The quality of death registration in Indonesia remains low and need to be improved. The estimation of IMR and U5MR in urban were 18 and 27 per 1000 mortality, respectively. On the other hand, the estimation of IMR and U5MR in rural were 24 and 36 per 1000 mortality, respectively. The high gap of characteristics between urban and rural area need to be explored to prevent the increasing number of IMR and U5MR.
PENGENDALIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DENGAN OVITRAP DAN MOSQUITO TRAP DI BEBERAPA DAERAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mahdalena Vivin , Komaria Rahayu Hasti
Published: December 2022

The Dengue Fever (DF)/Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a major public health problem in Indonesia. Indonesia of DHF cases in 2019 increased compared to the previous year, which was 138.127 cases with an Incidence Rate (IR) of 51.53 per 100.000 population. The vectors of dengue virus are Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes polynesiensis, and Aedes scutellaris mosquitoes. Prevention of dengue transmission relies mainly through vector control. The use of traps such as ovitrap and mosquito trap has the potential to be applied and integrated with other methods. Ovitrap and mosquito trap usage information is expected to be applied in the community and can assist in the dengue vector control program. The data in this article were secondary data from several research results that had been published and were field experiment. Ovitrap and mosquito trap are able to trap Aedes and non-Aedes mosquitoes. The effectiveness of the trap can be increased through the use of attractants from plant-based ingredients in the form of straw soaking water, mixture of brown sugar and yeast, mixture of granulated sugar and yeast, and chili extract. Ovitrap and mosquito trap with attractants from plant-based ingredients were quite effective in reducing the density of Aedes mosquitoes, besides that it safer for humans and non-target animals.
Pengaruh Tempat Penampungan Air dengan Kejadian DBD di Kabupaten Bangka Barat Tahun 2018
Authors: Octaviani Octaviani , Kusuma Muhammad Putra , Wahyono Tri Yunis Miko
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an endemic disease in the tropical area. The spread of the disease can occur fast if it is not controlled. DHF is caused by the dengue virus that is transmitted through Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus. According to Bangka District Health Office, It was reported that the number of DHF cases in 2017 was 51 and 50 cases in 2018 (until March 2018). The objective of this study was to know the association between the water container and DHF cases in West Bangka District in 2018. This was a case- control study with a total respondent of 183 respondents and the ratio of case and control was 1:2. The results showed that the presence of Aedes larvae (OR=0,007; p-value=0,007; 95% CI: 1,59-19,96), presence of water container (OR=5,12; p-value=0,01; 95% CI: 1,47- 17,86), water container opened/closed (OR=2,72; p-value=0,063; 95% CI: 0,94-7,84) were associated with DHF cases. Houses where Aedes larvae were founded, in or outside the house (with container index >20%) have a 5.6 times higher risk to be contracted with DHF compare to houses with no Aedes larva. In addition, houses with water containers can be founded near the houses have a 5.1 times higher risk to be contracted with DHF. Houses with opened water containers were associated with DHF with 2.7 times higher risk to be infected with DHF. Therefore, community participation in eliminating mosquitoes breeding places needs to be encouraged.

ABSTRAK Upaya pengendalian demam berdarah dititik beratkan pada penggerakan potensi masyarakat untuk dapat berperan serta dalam Pengendalian Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) melalui 3M plus. Tempat Penampungan Air (TPA) merupakan salah satu tempat perkembangbiakan jentik Aedes Aegyti, semakin banyak TPA yang digunakan berpotensi untuk menjadi tempat perkembangbiakan jentik. Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bangka Barat jumlah kasus DBD pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 51 kasus dan sampai bulan maret 2018 sebanyak 50 kasus terlaporkan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tempat penampungan air dengan kejadian DBD di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Desain penelitian adalah case control dengan jumlah total responden adalah 183 responden dengan perbandingan kasus dan kontrol adalah 1:2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tempat penampungan air terbuka/tertutup (OR=2,72; p-value=0,063; 95% CI: 0,94-7,84), keberadaan jentik (OR=0,007; p-value=0,007; 95% CI: 1,59-19,96), tempat penampungan air (OR=5,12; p-value=0,01; 95% CI: 1,47-17,86). Rumah dengan tempat penampungan terbuka mempunyai risiko 2,7 kali lebih besar untuk transmisi DBD, rumah yang ditemukan jentik di tempat penampungan air dalam maupun di luar rumah (CI >20%) mempunyai risiko 5,6 kali lebih besar untuk terkena DBD dan rumah yang disekitarnya ditemukan tempat penampungan air berisiko 5,1 kali lebih besar untuk menderita DBD. Pengelola program DBD agar terus melaksanakan kegiatan – kegiatan penanggulangan dan tatalaksana kasus DBD.
Distribusi Vektor Filariasis Paska Transmission Assesment Survey Pertama (TAS-1) di Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Nurjana Made Agus , Widjaja Junus , Srikandi Yuyun , Risti Risti
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

 

First Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS-1) has been carried out successfully in Donggala District. The success was supported by epidemiological aspects, including data on the presence of vectors and the environment that is potential as a breeding places  for mosquitoes. In order for Donggala District to achieve filariasis elimination formally, it is important to determine  the existence of vectors and  itspotential environment  so as to continuously   control them  instead of  other epidemiological interventions.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the presence of post-TAS-1 vector in Donggala District Activities include mosquito surveys and environmental surveys in two selected locations, namely Kelurahan Kabonga Kecil, Kecamatan Banawa and Sabang Village, Kecamatan Dampelas Donggala District.

The results showed that 2,978 mosquitoes were caught from the genera Mansonia, Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Armigeres, Uranotaenia, Coquilettidia and Aedomvia, the results of PCR examination showed  mosquitoes were negative Brugia malayi. The mosquitoes” habitats were  tree holes, ponds, rice fields, used goods, post -mining excavations, rivers, waterways, puddles, swamps, ponds, dug holes, springs, boats, water reservoirs, used tires, wells, coconut  shells, and used cans.

Monitoring and evaluation of program implementation by the local government, including routine vectors and environmental monitoring, must be continued as to maintain  the elimination status of filariasis in Donggala District.

ABSTRAK

Transmission Assessment Survey pertama (TAS-1) telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Donggala dan dinyatakan lulus. Keberhasilan didukung oleh aspek epidemiologi di antaranya adalah data keberadaan vektor dan lingkungan yang potensial sebagai tempat perkembangbiakan nyamuk. Agar Kabupaten Donggala mencapai eliminasi filariasis maka  keberadaan vektor dan lingkungan yang potensial dapat dikendalian disamping intervensi terhadap aspek  epidemiologi lainnya.

Studi potong-lintang  dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan vektor paska TAS-1 di Kabupaten Donggala. Kegiatan meliputi survei nyamuk dan survei lingkungan di dua lokasi terpilih yaitu Kelurahan kabonga Kecil, Kec. Banawa dan Desa Sabang, Kec. Dampelas Kabupaten Donggala.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nyamuk tertangkap sebanyak 2.978 ekor dari genus Mansonia, Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Armigeres, Uranotaenia, Coquilettidia dan Aedomvia, hasil pemeriksaan PCR menunjukkan nyamuk negatif Brugia malayi. Lingkungan  habitat nyamuk yaitu: lubang pohon, kolam, sawah, barang bekas, bekas galian tambang, sungai, saluran air, genangan air, rawa, tambak, lubang galian, mata air, perahu, penampungan air, ban bekas, sumur, batok kelapa, dan kaleng bekas. 

Monitoring dan evaluasi pelaksanaan program oleh pemerintah daerah termasuk pemantauan vektor dan lingkungan secara rutin harus terus digalakkan agar status eliminasi filariasis di Kabupaten Donggala dapat dipertahankan.
Analisis Autokorelasi Spasial Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kabupaten Klaten Tahun 2020
Authors: Astuti Septina Dwi , Rejeki Dwi Sarwani Sri , Nurhayati Siti
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

The cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Klaten Regency still increase from the previous year and this disease could be caused by environmental factors spreading widely in one area to another. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between environmental factors and the DHF in Klaten Regency with a sample of 26 subdistrict. The secondary data were used including population density, rainfall, urban areas, the length of the road network, and the area of forestry/plantation. Data were analyzed by univariate and spatial autocorrelation analysis of Moran Index and LISA using Geoda 1.18. The spatial autocorrelation analysis with Moran Index resulted in a positive spatial relationship between population density, rainfall, proportion of urban areas, road density, and vegetation cover with DHF. Meanwhile, local spatial analysis with LISA resulted in positive and negative spatial relationship and resulted in hotspot areas on environmental factors with the DHF. It can be concluded that intervention on environmental conditions would be necessary as to decrease its negative impacts.

ABSTRAK

Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kabupaten Klaten masih mengalami peningkatan dari tahun sebelumnya dan penyakit ini dapat disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan yang menyebabkan kasus ini menyebar luas dalam satu wilayah ke wilayah lainnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian DBD di Kabupaten Klaten dengan sampel sebanyak26 kecamatan. Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yaitu kepadatan penduduk, curah hujan, wilayah perkotaan, panjang jaringan jalan, serta luas area perhutanan/perkebunan. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan analisis autokorelasi spasial Indeks Moran dan LISA menggunakan Geoda 1.18. Analisis autokorelasi spasialdengan Indeks Moran menghasilkan hubungan spasial yang positif antara kepadatan penduduk, curah hujan, proporsi daerah perkotaan, panjang jalan serta tutupan vegetasi dengan kejadian DBD. Sementara itu, analisis spasial secara lokal dengan LISA menghasilkan hubungan spasial yang positif dan negatif serta menghasilkan daerah hotspot pada variabel faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian DBD. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa intervensi pada kondisi lingkungan akan diperlukan untuk mengurangi pengaruh yang negatif
Fasciolosis dan Cryptosporidiosis pada Ternak Sapi di Desa Maranatha, Kabupaten Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Samarang Samarang , Widjaja Junus , Primasari Primasari , Syahnuddin Muchlis
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Fasciolosis and Cryptosporidiosis are zoonotic parasitic diseases. Fasciolosis in Indonesia is caused by the trematode worm Fasciola gigantica species and generally attacks ruminants, while cryptosporidiosis is caused by the protozoan species Cryptosporidium parvum as a source of diarrheal disease infection. The purpose of the study was to identify fasciolosis and cryptosporidiosis infections in cattle in Maranatha Village, Sigi District, Central Sulawesi which was carried out for four months. The research design was cross-sectional with the determination of the sample using a purposive sampling method. The research sample was feces from cattle aged 6 months–2 years. The collected samples were prepared using the formalin ether sedimentation method. The results of 62 stool samples identified fasciolosis and cryptosporidiosis infections in cattle in Maranatha village, namely 38.7% and 14.52%, respectively. Conclusions: More than one-third of the cows examined were infected with fasciolosis and about a quarter of the cows examined were infected with C. parvum. Suggestions should be regular supervision or monitoring of the provision of deworming drugs to livestock, as well as counseling supervision and provision of clean water sources for the local community.

ABSTRAK

Fasciolosis dan cryptosporidiosis merupakan penyakit parasiter bersifat zoonosis. Fasciolosis di Indonesia disebabkan oleh cacing trematoda spesies Fasciola gigantica dan umumnya menyerang ternak ruminansia, sedangkan cryptosporidiosis disebabkan oleh protozoa spesies Criptosporodium parvumsebagai sumber infeksi penyakit diare. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi infeksi fasciolosis dan cryptosporidiosis pada sapi di Desa Maranatha, Kabupaten Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah yang dilaksanakan selama empat bulan. Disain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah tinja dari ternak sapi yang berumur 6 bulan–2 tahun. Sampel yang terkumpul dipreparasi menggunakan metode sedimentasi formalin eter. Hasil dari 62 sampel tinja teridentifikasi infeksi fasciolosis dan cryptosporidiosis pada sapi di Desa Maranatha yaitu sebesar 38,7% dan 14,52%. Kesimpulan lebih dari sepertiga jumlah sapi yang diperiksa terinfeksi fasciolosis dan sekitar seperempat dari sapi yang diperiksa ternfeksi C. parvum. Saran sebaiknya ada pengawasan atau pemantauan secara berkala pada pemberian obat cacing pada ternak, serta penyuluhan, pengawasan dan pengadaan sumber air bersih untuk masyarakat setempat.
Mean Closed Binding Number and Binding-degree of a Graph
Authors: Huilgol Medha Itagi , Kiran S
Published: December 2022

We investigate a refinement of the local, average and closed binding number of a graph in terms of mean closed binding number. Like the closed binding number itself, the mean closed binding number cbind mof G measures graph vulnerability, which is more sensitive. In this study, we define the parameter and find some bounds on the mean closed binding number of some special graphs. Further, some results have been obtained from graph operations. The closed binding degree of a graph is defined and its value for different graphs is obtained.
The Existence, Uniqueness and Continuity of a Solution to Mixed Fractional Constant Elasticity of Variance Model with Double Stochastic Volatilities
Authors: Sun Yu-dong , Qian Ye
Published: December 2022

In this work, we study the existence, uniqueness, continuity and some estimates of the solution to the stochastic differential equation with double stochastic volatilities driven by the mixed fractional Brownian motion
Nano Fuzzy b-open Sets in Nano fuzzy Topological Spaces
Authors: Navalakhe Rachna , Rajwade Purva
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to define and study a new class of Nano fuzzy open sets called Nano fuzzy b-open sets in Nano fuzzy topological spaces. We have tried to analyze the basic properties of Nano fuzzy b-open sets. We have also used these Nano fuzzy b-open sets to introduce a new type of Nano fuzzy continuous functions, which are called Nano fuzzy b-open continuous functions and their properties are investigated.
More on Fuzzy Pre-γ-Open and Fuzzy Pre-γ-generalized Closed Sets
Authors: C. Sivashanmugaraja
Published: December 2022

This study aims to continue the study of the properties of pre-γ-open and pre-γ-generalized closed sets in fuzzy topological spaces. Also, we introduce the concepts of fuzzy pre-γ-closed, fuzzy pre-γ-closure, fuzzy pre-γ-interior, and fuzzy preγ-generalized open sets. We prove that every fuzzy pre-γ-closed set is fuzzy pre-γgeneralized-closed but not converse. In addition, we introduce some characterizations and properties of these concepts. Finally, we investigate the relationship between these fuzzy sets.
An Integral Involving a Generalized Hypergeometric Function
Authors: Dudi Naresh , Abubakar Umar Muhammad
Published: December 2022

In 1961, MacRobert in his very popular, useful and interesting research paper obtained a new type of finite integrals and used the integrals to evaluate integral involving E-functions which he had developed and is a generalization of hypergeometric and generalized hypergeometric functions. The main objective of this short research paper is to find an exciting integral associated with a generalized hypergeometric function by using the integrals obtained by MacRobert. The beauty of our results is that they appear on the product of the ratios of gamma functions. It is clear that the integral associated with gamma functions, the results are very useful from the perspective of the point of view of applications. In terms of parameters, one can easily derive the known integrals due to Rathie and the integral given in Mathai and Saxena's book. It is no exaggeration to mention here that, for other integrals, the transformation and summation formulas involve generalized hypergeometric function.
On the Diophantine Equation 4x + n y = z 2
Authors: Orosram Wachirarak , Niratsrok Sasikarn , Sukkharin Arisa
Published: December 2022

. Let n be a positive integer where n ≡ 1(mod 15). In this paper we shown that the Diophantine equation 2 4 x y + = n z has no non-negative integer solution where x y, and z are non-negative integers.
Computation of E-Banhatti Nirmala Indices of Tetrameric 1,3-Adamantane
Authors: V.R.Kulli
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we introduce the E-Banhatti Nirmala index and the modified EBanhatti Nirmala index and their corresponding exponentials of a graph. Furthermore, we determine these newly defined E-Banhatti Nirmala indices and their corresponding exponentials for some standard graphs and tetrameric 1,3-Adamantane.
On the Diophantine Equation px+(p+14)y=z2 where p,p+14 are Primes Suton Tadee
Authors: Tadee Suton
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the Diophantine equation p x + (p+ 14)y =, where p p+14 are primes and x y z , , are non-negative integers, is investigated. Some conditions for nonexistence of the solutions of this equation are presented.
Kişisel Kültürel Değerler Ölçeği: Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: ŞAHİN Nurşen , BİLİR F. Pervin
Published: December 2022

Kültür ölçümü ile ilgili literatürde birçok ölçme aracı bulunmaktadır. Kültürün kavramsallaştırılmasında, uygulamaya yansıtılmasında ve sosyal bilimler ile kültürler arası çalışmalarda kullanılması ile baskın bir ölçme aracı olarak Hofstede’in kültür boyutları karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ulusal kültür bağlamında kullanılan bu boyutlar; kültürün kişisel düzeyde ölçümüne olanak sağlayacak bir ölçüm aracının (CVSCALE: The Five-Dimensional Measure of Personal Cultural Values) oluşturulmasına da neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Hofstede’nin kültürel boyutlarından yararlanarak Yoo, Donthu ve Lenartowicz (2011) tarafından geliştirilen Kişisel Kültürel Değerler Ölçeği’nin (KKDÖ), Türkçe’ye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yükseköğretim kurumlarında çalışan akademik personelden 273 katılımcı (90’ı kadın, 183’ü erkek, 174’ü Beden Eğitimi ve Spor, 99’u diğer programlarda çalışan), çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Toplam 26 madde ve 5 alt boyuttan oluşan ölçeğin; geçerlilik ve güvenirliği için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve iç tutarlılık katsayıları ile korelasyon değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; ölçeğin orijinal ölçekle uyumlu olduğu ve iç tutarlılık katsayılarının toplamda .81, alt boyutlar için; güç mesafesi .64, belirsizlikten kaçınma .73, ortaklaşacılık .81, erillik .74 ve uzun vadeli yönelimin ise .79 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Alt boyutlar arası korelasyonun da pozitif yönlü olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak uyarlanan ölçeğin, yükseköğretim kurumlarında çalışan akademik personelin kişisel kültürel değerlerinin ortaya konmasında geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.
COVID-19 Pandemisinin Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rekreasyon Tercihlerine Etkileri
Authors: SARI Derya
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 salgını insanların alışık olmadıkları ekstrem koşullar ile yüz yüze gelmelerine neden olmuştur. Bu süreçte insanların hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik olarak rahatlamalarına katkı sağlayan en önemli unsurların başında rekreasyon faaliyetleri gelmektedir. Ancak pandemi sürecinde değişen koşullar nedeniyle insanların rekreasyonel faaliyetleri sınırlı hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 salgın sürecinde duygu durumlarının nasıl etkilendiğini ve bu süreçte rekreasyon beklentilerinin ve tercihlerinin nasıl değiştiğini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 316 öğrenci (lisans, önlisans) ile çevrimiçi bir anket çalışması yapılarak kartopu örnekleme tekniğine göre veriler toplanmıştır. 4 aşamadan ve toplam 31 sorudan oluşan anket çalışması sonuçlarına göre, %69’u 20-24 yaş aralığındaki öğrencilerin pandemi sürecinde en çok sıkılma, özlem, korku-kaygı, umutsuzluk ve yalnızlık duygularını yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. COVID-19 salgınının öğrencilerin rekreasyon tercihlerinde anlamlı bir değişime neden olduğu (p<0.05), bununla birlikte doğal alanların önemine yönelik farkındalıklarının arttığı ve genel olarak pandemi sürecinin öğrencilerin serbest zamanlarında açık hava rekreasyonu yapma isteklerinde belirgin bir etkisi olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Rekreasyon alanının temiz ve bozulmamış olması, güvenli olması, doğal olması, manzara güzelliği sunması, aile ve arkadaşlar ile vakit geçirmeye imkân tanıması, sakin olması, kolay ulaşım sağlanması, ekonomik olması, piknik etkinliğine imkân sunması gibi özelliklerin tercihlerde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Management of Pediatric Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Authors: Lee Yoon Se
Published: December 2022

Pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis occurs by either congenital or acquired causes and usually indicates subglottic stenosis. The main goals of treatment are decannulation, preserving phonation, and normal swallowing function. Various types and degrees of stenosis and combined anomalies would be the main barriers to reaching successful treatment results unless comprehensive understanding of stenosis. Multidisciplinary team approaches encompassing initial assessment, treatment, and postoperative care, are also necessary to achieve the best treatment outcome. Therapeutic approaches are divided into conservative, endoscopic, and open surgical approaches at length, which are not exclusive to each other. Here, an adequate selection of each therapeutic option and postoperative management will be introduced to achieve decannulation without leaving phonatory or swallowing complications.
Current Status and Perspectives of Telepractice in Voice and Speech Therapy
Authors: Lee Seung Jin
Published: December 2022

Voice and speech therapy can be performed in various ways depending on the situation, although it is generally performed in a face-to-face manner. Telepractice refers to the provision of specialized voice and speech therapy by speech-language pathologists for assessment, therapy, and counseling by applying telecommunication technology from a remote location. Recently, due to the pandemic situation and the active use of non-face-to-face platforms, interest in telepractice of voice and speech therapy has increased. Moreover, a growing body of literature has been advocating its clinical usefulness and non-inferiority to traditional face-to-face intervention. In this review, the existing discussions, guidelines, and preliminary studies on non-face-toface voice and speech therapy were summarized, and recommendations on the tools for telepractice were provided.
Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Research in Voice Disease
Authors: Seok Jungirl , Kwon Tack-Kyun
Published: December 2022

Diagnosis using voice is non-invasive and can be implemented through various voice recording devices; therefore, it can be used as a screening or diagnostic assistant tool for laryngeal voice disease to help clinicians. The development of artificial intelligence algorithms, such as machine learning, led by the latest deep learning technology, began with a binary classification that distinguishes normal and pathological voices; consequently, it has contributed in improving the accuracy of multi-classification to classify various types of pathological voices. However, no conclusions that can be applied in the clinical field have yet been achieved. Most studies on pathological speech classification using speech have used the continuous short vowel /ah/, which is relatively easier than using continuous or running speech. However, continuous speech has the potential to derive more accurate results as additional information can be obtained from the change in the voice signal over time. In this review, explanations of terms related to artificial intelligence research, and the latest trends in machine learning and deep learning algorithms are reviewed; furthermore, the latest research results and limitations are introduced to provide future directions for researchers.
Laryngeal Complications of the COVID-19
Authors: Kim Geun-Jeon , Joo Young-Hoon
Published: December 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has upended the world of otolaryngology. After COVID-19 infection, patients experience various complication of symptoms due to injury of the larynx and lung/ respiratory system. Regardless of the patient’s severity, patients can experience several complications including dysphonia, vocal cord paralysis/paresis and sensory neuropathy. An emerging role for otolaryngologists in the coming weeks and months is the management of laryngeal complications of COVID-19. This review is intended to describe laryngeal complications in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection.
Analysis of the Effect of Intralesional Steroid Injection on the Voice During Laryngeal Microsurgery
Authors: Park Jae Seon , Kang Hyun Seok , Lee In Buhm , Jin Sung Min , Lee Sang Hyuk
Published: December 2022

Background and Objectives Vocal fold (VF) scar is known to be the most common cause of dysphonia after laryngeal microsurgery (LMS). Steroids reduce postoperative scar formation by inhibiting inflammation and collagen deposition. However, the clinical evidence of whether steroids are helpful in reducing VF scar formation after LMS is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intralesional VF steroid injection after LMS helps to reduce postoperative scar formation and voice quality.Materials and Method This study was conducted on 80 patients who underwent LMS for VF polyp, Reinke’s edema, and leukoplakia. Among them, 40 patients who underwent VF steroid injection after LMS were set as the injection group, and patients who had similar sex, age, and lesion size and who underwent LMS alone were set as the control group. In each group, stroboscopy, multi-dimensional voice program, Aerophone II, and voice handicap index (VHI) were performed before and 1 month after surgery, and the results were statistically analyzed.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of sex, age, symptom duration, occupation and smoking status between each group. Both groups consisted of VF polyp (n=21), Reinke’s edema (n=11), and leukoplakia (n=9). On stroboscopy, the lesion disappeared after surgery, and the amplitude and mucosal wave were symmetrical on both sides of the VFs in all patients. Acoustic parameters and VHI significantly improved after surgery in all patients. However, there was no significant difference between the injection and control group in most of the results.Conclusion There was no significant difference in the results of stroboscopy, acoustic, aerodynamic, and subjective evaluation before and after surgery in the injection group and the control group.
Penambatan Molekuler Penghambatan Aktivitas Enzim α-Amilase dan α-Glukosidase oleh Senyawa Aktif Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.)
Authors: Gaspersz Nelson , Amos Matthew Adi Honey , Kalauw Sitti Hardiyanti , Harjuni Indrid , Sohilait Mario R.
Published: December 2022

An in silico study was conducted to inhibit the active compound in Kirinyuh leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes using a molecular docking approach. The docking was carried out on 19 active compounds that had been identified in Kirinyuh leaves and were optimized using the PM3 method. The best results in inhibit on of the α-amylase enzyme were shown by compounds from the flavanone group, namely genkwanin and sakuranetin with binding affinities of -8.3 kcal/mol and -8.1 kcal/mol, respectively, while the best results in inhibiting on of the α-glucosidase enzyme were shown by two compounds from the hydroxybenzoic acid group, namely p-coumaric acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid with bond affinities of -5.7 kcal.mol and -5.5 kcal.mol, respectively. The interaction between α-amylase with genkwanin and sakuranetin produces one conventional hydrogen bond GLU 233 and GLN 63 respectively. The interaction between α-glucosidase with p-coumaric acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid produces three conventional hydrogen bonds, HIS 112; GLN 182; ASP 352 and GU 277; GLN 279; ASP 352.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Eboni dan Daun Sirsak Terhadap Retensi Bahan Pengawet pada Kayu Durian (Durio zibethinus)
Authors: Asniati  , Muthmainnah
Published: December 2022

Durian wood is one type of wood that has a low level of durability, therefore it is necessary to make efforts to increase the durability of wood. These efforts can be done by preserving the durian wood by using natural preservatives, namely ebony leaves extract and soursop leaves. Ebony and soursop leaves extracts were used as natural preservatives with different concentrations using the cold soak method on durian wood. The research conducted aims to determine the effect of extract concentration on the retention of preservatives. Ebony leaves and soursop leaves were extracted by maceration method in 96% ethanol solvent for 24 hours. The durian wood sample was preserved using the cold soaking method for 1 hour using ebony leaves extract and soursop leaves extract at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The results showed that the highest retention of preservatives from ebony leaves extract and soursop leaves extract was the use of 3% concentrations of 0.661 kg/m³ and 0.676 kg/m³, respectively. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the extract concentration had a significant effect on the retention value. The concentration of preservatives from ebony leaves extract and soursop leaves is directly proportional to the retention value of preservatives. Preservative retention of soursop leaves extract is better than ebony leaves extract.
Efektivitas Fotodegradasi Lignin dari Limbah Ampas Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Menggunakan Katalis TiO₂
Authors: Natsir Muh. , Pratiwi Aden Mula , Azis Thamrin , Nohong  , Imran  , Harlis Wa Ode , Alimin  , Kadidae La Ode , Ruslan  , Bijang C , Kadir La Ode Abd , Nurliana Laily
Published: December 2022

Lignin degradation from sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) waste has been carried out using a TiO2 catalyst. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of lignin degradation from sago waste using a TiO2 catalyst. Lignin from sago pulp was isolated using 10% NaOH and characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results of the characterization using FTIR show that the absorption at wave number 2937.59 cm-1 is the -C-H stretching vibration of the alkane functional groups, the absorption at wave number 2360.87 cm-1 is the vibration of the C≡C triple bond, the wave numbers 1795.73 cm-1 and 1637.56 cm-1 are associated with the stretching of the carbonyl group. The absorption at wave number 1427.32 cm-1 is a C-H vibration connected to an unsaturated bond in an aromatic ring. Absorptions at wave number 1105.21 cm-1, 1128.36 cm-1, 1153.43 cm-1 were the stretching vibration of -C-H on the guaiasil ring, and the absorption at wave number 1022.27 cm-1 was the stretching vibration of C-O-C ether. From this spectrum, it can be seen that lignin is not completely pure because it is probably still mixed with cellulose. The results of the effectiveness test of lignin degradation using a TiO2 catalyst with the help of UV light were able to degrade the lignin isolated by 31.43%, for 3 hours at a lignin concentration of 40 ppm.
Structures for Freedom: In-performance communication in Traditional musicians in Scotland
Authors: Lori Watson
Published: December 2022

This exposition articulates tacit knowledge in processes associated with contemporary Traditional music practice in Scotland. Using a case study experiment and a series of workshop performances recorded in 2008, I examine the processes, communication and performance strengths of four leading Traditional and cross-genre creative musicians. In particular, examples of in-performance communication and collaboration emerge.
An overview of the various appropriate types of cell lines for the production of monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Javanmard Shahin , Yıldırım Yeşim
Published: December 2022

As the first monoclonal antibodies were produced in 1975, the challenge
to improve antibody engineering started. Since then, therapeutic
antibodies have become the predominant class of new drugs developed in
recent years and an essential part of progress has affected cell lines.
From the first pioneer hybridoma cells to the current vanguard Chinese
hamster ovary [CHO] cells dramatic improvement has been seen. An
essential part of this process is choosing the suitable cell line to
seed the targeted antibody gene. This review encompasses all the current
evidence to compare various types of suitable cell lines for monoclonal
antibody production such as mammalian cells, plant cells, bacterial
cells, and yeast cells. Valid long-term data, regarding glycosylation,
efficiency, and safety, support the current popularity of Chinese
hamster ovary [CHO] cells. At the same time, other types of cell
lines also show some promise for emerging needs for more therapeutic
antibodies on the market.
KCIRec: Fusion of Knowledge Graph Information and Collaborative Information for Recommendation
Authors: Zhou* Chao , Gong Jibing , Zang Qian , Fang Xiaohan , Yang Kailun
Published: December 2022

Traditional recommender systems that are based on CF (Collaborative
Filtering) usually suffer from the user-item interaction data sparsity
problem. With the development of end-to-end models founded on GNNs, the
sparsity issue can be addressed by introducing additional sources of
information such as knowledge information. However, these models are
insufficient to fuse multi-source information. To fill this gap, in this
paper, we propose an end-to-end GNN based model called KCIRec,
which fuses both K _ nowledge graph C _ ollaborative information and
user-item I _ nteraction information for Rec _ ommender
system.Technically, a type of two-channels’ information propagation and
aggregation mechanism are conceived to generate the representation of
user-item interactions graph and collaborative knowledge graph
respectively.In addition, we design an attention mechanism to adaptively
fuse the collaborative information and knowledge graph information
extracted from the above two graph. Extensive experiments on three
real-world datasets show improvements of our proposed KCIRec model over
thestate-of-the-art methods such as KGNN-LS, KGAT, and CKE. The
promising results show that the proposed KCIRec is able to effectively
fuse knowledge graph information and improve recommender systems’
accuracy.