bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
People socialize ecological information about the environment but may forget their own experiences: a case study of local ecological knowledge about seed-dispersing animals
Authors: Santos Gilney Charll , Sousa Júnior José Ribamar de , Nascimento André Luiz Borba do , Silva Josivan Soares da , Feitosa Ivanilda Soares , Schiel Nicola , Araújo Elcida de Lima , Nóbrega Alves Rômulo Romeu , Albuquerque Ulysses
Published: July 2024

Local ecological knowledge (LEK) has been increasingly used in the search for efficient strategies to maintain biological diversity. However, considering the rapid environmental changes in ecosystems, such knowledge may have been lost between generations, affecting its potential application. In this study, we adopted the LEK of the potential dispersers of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. (Caryocaraceae), an endangered plant species of socioeconomic and cultural importance from northeast Brazil, as a model. We evaluated whether there is intergenerational variation in the LEK about the abundance of Dasyprocta prymnolopha (the principal disperser of C. coriaceum) associated with the local practice of hunting. We collected LEK data from 39 hunter-gatherers aged 31 to 84 years, and camera traps were used during two annual C. coriaceum harvests to record its potential dispersers. Our results indicate that the LEK of the potential animal dispersers of C. coriaceum does not vary between generations; it is disseminated and shared between different generations. The strong interactions among people during the C. coriaceum harvest period facilitate the sharing of information about the potential dispersers of this species. Our results show that hunting D. prymnolopha does not depend on perceptions regarding the availability of this resource in the forest, which may be causing overexploitation. Therefore, local knowledge may need to be updated and connected to the recent and rapid environmental changes because people may believe that current environmental conditions are like those of the past. If this is the case, people may be less cooperative with conservation strategies because they are not aware of environmental changes, so measures to update knowledge about environmental conditions may be necessary to encourage effective participation in management and conservation plans.
La reescritura cuestionadora de los mitos bíblicos en una selección de relatos de Memorias de la luna oscura (2021), de Ana Lucía Fonseca
Authors: Rojas González José Pablo
Published: July 2024

El propósito de este artículo es presentar un análisis del trabajo de reescritura que la autora costarricense Ana Lucía Fonseca hace de algunas narraciones bíblicas ejemplares, con el fin de darles voz a figuras que, desde su perspectiva, representan la disidencia, la herejía, el destierro, la rebeldía y la persecución. Nos enfocamos en los relatos «La amante de Eva» y «Caín y las semillas». Para el análisis, seguimos los aportes de Herrero Cecilia (2006), quien entiende al mito —dentro de un trabajo de reescritura— como un «intertexto de referencia», que es interpretado y reformulado por un escritor en un texto nuevo. Consecuentemente, consideramos, en relación con los textos nuevos, las transformaciones —por inclusión o exclusión— que se introducen en sus esquemas narrativos (siempre en relación con los «intertextos de referencia»), así como la línea ideológica que subyace en el mensaje específico de cada uno de ellos.
One of the Earliest English Jelly Moulds?
Authors: Brears Peter
Published: July 2024

Before the introduction of the fine white salt-glazed Staffordshire stoneware moulds in the 1740s, most recipes turned their liquid mixtures into bowls, dishes, china cups or wine glasses, or else into scallop shells, egg shells, orange or lemon peels, or pastry cases, and left them to set. In this short report, the author presents drawings of draw a rare, possibly unique example of a wooden flummery/jelly mould which, from its construction and style of turning, appears to date from the late seventeenth to the early eighteenth century.
Charles Elmé Francatelli, Crockford’s, and the Royal Connection
Authors: Smythe Colin
Published: July 2024

The author traces the chronology of the 19th-century celebrity chef Francatelli from his employment at Crockford's through a number of his famous dinners including the horseflesh dinner of 1867.
Jans Ondaatje Rolls: The Bloomsbury Cookbook
Authors: Richardson Alice
Published: July 2024

Jans Ondaatje Rolls: The Bloomsbury Cookbook: Thames & Hudson, 2014: 384 pp., hardback, £24.95.
David B. Goldstein: Eating and Ethics in Shakespeare’s England
Authors: Richardson Alice
Published: July 2024

David B. Goldstein: Eating and Ethics in Shakespeare’s England: Cambridge University Press, 2014: 280 pp., hardback, £65.00.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DYSPLASTIC AND IDIOPATHIC OSTEOARTHROSIS OF THE HIP JOINT
Authors: Yurchenko Denys , Klymovytskyi Fedor , Goncharova Larysa , Tiazhelov Oleksiy , Karpinska Olena
Published: July 2024

Hip arthroplasty is a reliable and quick way to relieve the patient of pain, restore movement in the hip joint and improve the function of the affected limb, but the question of how effective this intervention is in dysplastic or idiopathic coxarthrosis requires further study. The objective of the study was to evaluatethe effectiveness of treatment of patients with idiopathic and dysplastic coxarthrosis, and the effect of endoprosthetics on the work of the pelvic muscles. Methods. A comparative analysis of the treatment of 121 patients was conducted, which were divided into two groups — with dysplastic coxarthrosis(63 patients) and with idiopathic coxarthrosis (58 patients). The functional results of the treatment were studied according to the Harris scale, the data of stabilographic studies and the evaluation of the work of the muscles of the pelvic girdle, which are responsible for maintaining the horizontal balanceof the pelvis. Results. In general, the results of endopros thesis were evaluated as good in both groups. At the same time, the average results in the group of patients with idiopathic coxarthrosis are significantly better (t = 2.08; p = 0.001) than in the group of patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis. However, the indicators of the muscles that ensure the horizontal balance of the pelvis, in most cases, remain reduced within 6–8 months after the endoprosthesisoperation. This is evidenced by clinical data and statistical research data. Conclusions. Endoprosthesis of the hip joint is an effective method of coxarthrosis and allows to significantly improve both the patientʼs support and kinematic function and his quality of life. The results of treatment of patients withidiopathic coxarthrosis according to the Harris scoring scale are significantly better than the results of treatment of patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis. But the performance indicators of the muscles of the pelvic girdle, in most cases remain reduced within 6–8 months after endoprosthesis surgery in patientsof both groups.
PARAMETERS OF THE INTERCONDYLAR FOSSA OF THE FEMUR IN CHILDRENIN NORMAL CONDITIONS AND WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE LOWER LIMBS
Authors: Yakushkin Yevhenii , Khmyzov Sergij , Zlatnik Ruslan
Published: July 2024

According to literature sources, radiography can indirectly visualize congenital insufficiency of the cruciate ligaments both in isolated form and in combination with other congenital malformations of the lower extremities. Objective. To study the parameters of the intercondylar fossa of the femur in children of different age groups with stable/unstable knee jo ints due to congenital malformations of the lower limbs using instrumental imaging methods. Methods. A prospective diagnostic study was conducted of 359 knee joints of 217 children who were treated at the pediatric orthopedics clinic from 2019to 2022 and with a retrospective control group (2010–2021). limbs, as well as with congenital malformations of the lower limbs. X-ray examinations were performed on the OPERA T90cex X-ray and fluoroscopic system. Results. 217 patients took part in the study, including 105 patients without knee jointpathology and 112 with congenital malformations of the lower limbs. Comparison of the accuracy of radiological diagnostic indicators was performed using the Studentʼs t-test with the results of computer and magnetic resonance imaging studies, which showed the absence of a statistically significant differencein the results research. A diagnostic study was also conducted to find the regularity of the development of the knee joints and to identify the parameters of the radiological norm of the development of the intercondylar fossa of the femur in children of different age categories. Conclusions. Using the resultsof instrumental studies, the parameters of the intercondylar fossa of the femur in children of different age categories with stable and unstable knee joints due to congenital malformations of the lower limbs were investigated. The results of the study should be taken into account for the diagnosis of congenital defects of the knee joint.
Spiritual Quest of Ukrainian Thinkers of the 16th – Early 17th Centuries in the Context of the Doctrine of Theosis
Authors: Hudzenko O. G. , Dobrodum O. V.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The main purpose of this research is to analyse and study the development of individual spirituality within the context of theosis doctrine in the religious-anthropological studies of Ukrainian philosophers from the 16th to the beginning of the 17th century. Theoretical basis. The basis of the research is determined by modern methodological approaches to examining the correlation between philosophical and religious visions regarding the representation of views on deification among representatives of contemporary global philosophical-religious thought, as well as among representatives of Ukrainian religious-philosophical thought of the 16th and early 17th century. Originality. The paper analyses the unique views of Ukrainian thinkers on the role of theosis in shaping individual spirituality. Conclusions. The spiritual development of individuals, according to contemporary religious-philosophical authors and Ukrainian thinkers from the 16th to the 17th centuries, consists of self-discovery and moral growth as a means of approaching God. This serves as the basis for understanding human sanctity and life purpose, where the path to God is linked with renouncing worldly desires and striving for union with Him. The state of theosis is perceived as a personal experience, a collaboration between humans and God. The primary purpose of asceticism is to attain grace, which leads to the transformation of will. The doctrine of theosis influences the formation of a theocratic idea in culture and expands the understanding of internal experience due to the pursuit of spirituality. Theosis is a transformation of anthropological reality that goes beyond natural limits. This process constitutes a stage of spiritual growth that involves cultivating fear of sin, self-observation, and overcoming passions. One of its key aspects is interpreting closeness to God as cooperation between humans and the Divine, crucial for realizing divine grace. Considering the question of theosis draws attention to the importance of spiritual values and the search for meaning in life, especially in complex and unpredictable circumstances accompanying military conflicts, which Ukraine is currently facing.
The Anthropological Content of Thinking: The Place of Thinking Among the Essential Forces of Man According to Hegel
Authors: Voznyak S. V. , Voznyak V. S.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. By appealing to Hegel’s philosophy, the article aims to understand the role of thinking through its relation to other essential human forces – feeling and will. Such a problem statement reveals the anthropological content of thinking, which is necessary for conducting a critical analysis of human nature. Theoretical basis. To realize the set purpose, the dialectical-logical method of categorical-reflexive analysis for texts and realities of human existence in the world is applied. Originality. The authors proceed from the fact that the usual way of interpreting thinking as existing alongside feelings and will is theoretically unsatisfactory since thinking is taken in a reduced way – only in its mental form. Thinking, as the mind itself, does not exist next to feelings and will, but permeates them through, at the same time being enriched by their definitions. In this case, thinking appears as an activity following the objective laws of reality itself, which implies a necessary and conscious change by the subject of the forms and schemes of its activity. The authors claim that the Hegelian paradigm of the interpretation of thinking as the substance of everything spiritual makes sense and provides an opportunity to adequately understand the nature of both feelings and will. Conclusions. Accusing Hegel of absolutizing thinking, attributing to him "panlogism" appears unfounded, since Hegel understands logic itself in a fundamentally different way. The interpretation of feelings and will as a kind of specifications of thinking by no means reduces them to thinking, but allows us to see their imbued with thinking as an orientation to reality itself in its essence, and not to partial features of the subject. Such an understanding of human nature is capable of adequately orienting pedagogical theory and practice toward the formation of a holistic culture of the individual as a culture of mind, feelings, and will.
Histologic and genetic features of remodeling of tissue-engineered small-diameter vascular grafts: outcomes of six-month implantation in a sheep model
Authors: Senokosova E. A. , Krivkina E. O. , Velikanova E. A. , Sinitskaya A. V. , Mironov A. V. , Shabaev A. R. , Khanova M. Yu. , Torgunakova E. A. , Antonova L. V.
Published: July 2024

Surface modification of polymeric scaffolds with drugs to avoid thrombus formation and infection is a promising area in tissue engineering, which also makes it possible to accelerate the remodeling of such scaffolds and improve long-term patency.

The objective of this paper is to study the histologic and genetic features of remodeling of tissue-engineered small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) with antithrombogenic drug-coated and reinforced external scaffolds, implanted into a sheep carotid artery.

Materials and methods. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrices, ∅4 mm in diameter, were fabricated via electrospinning, followed by creation of a reinforcing spiral PCL scaffold on their outer surface by extrusion. To prevent thrombus formation and infection, the fabricated grafts were modified with iloprost and cationic amphiphile by complexation through polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The work was carried out to evaluate, by infrared spectroscopy, the formation of PVP-based coating, to study the physical and mechanical properties of the grafts in longitudinal and transverse directions, and to implant the vascular grafts (VGs) into a sheep carotid artery. To assess and control the patency of the implanted grafts, Doppler ultrasound was performed at days 1 and 5, then at 1, 3 and 6 months. The explanted samples were studied via histological and immunofluorescent analyses; gene expression profile was evaluated.

Results. Ultrasound on days 1 and 5 after implantation showed the patency of vascular grafts to be 100%. At 1 month, the patency decreased to 83.3%; patency was 50% by the end of the implantation period (6 months), without aneurysm formation and detachment of the reinforcing scaffold. Histological and immunofluorescence studies of patent grafts showed the formation of a newly formed three-layer vascular tissue structure on their basis, without signs of inflammation and calcification. However, despite the structural similarity between the newly formed vascular tissue and the native tissue of a sheep carotid artery, analysis of the gene expression profile revealed some differences in terms of genetic profile: CNN and SNA12 expression levels in the neotissue decreased, and those of CTSB, TNFa, and TGFb increased.

Conclusion. Modified polymeric vascular scaffolds showed good remodeling of the prosthetic wall, without aneurysm formation. The identified genetic differences between newly formed tissue and native tissue are logical in view of formation on the basis of the artificial polymeric scaffold. Further research on reinforced polymeric scaffolds will be aimed at improving the inner surface in order to improve their thromboresistance.
Obtaining a mouse model of streptozotocininduced type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Skaletskaya G. N. , Skaletskiy N. N. , Bubentsova G. N. , Kirsanova L. A. , Basok Yu. B. , Sevastianov V. I.
Published: July 2024

Objective: to obtain a stable mouse model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using streptozotocin (STZ), which has a toxic effect on pancreatic beta cells.

Materials and methods. Experiments were performed on 30 white non-diabetic male mice of the SHK colony, which were injected intraperitoneally with STZ at a dose of 200 mg/ kg by two methods: 15 animals (group 1) once and 15 animals (group 2) intermittently – 5 consecutive days at 40 mg/kg per day.

Results. In group 1, one mouse died after 2 days due to hypoglycemic coma, 4 mice developed hyperosmolar hyperglycemia (>33.3 mmol/l), 3 mice had spontaneous remission of diabetes, and 7 mice had stabilized hyperglycemia at levels close to 20 mmol/l. In group 2, only one mouse showed spontaneous remission of diabetes, while the remaining 14 animals showed stable diabetes with average hyperglycemia levels moderately above 20 mmol/L until the end of the 4-week follow-up. A histological study of the pancreas of these animals confirmed the destructive effect of STZ on islets in the form of mass death of insulin-producing β-cells.

Conclusion. Split-dose intraperitoneal injection of STZ provides a stable experimental T1DM in 93% of laboratory mice.
Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion in liver transplantation from expanded criteria donors
Authors: Shabunin A. V. , Loran O. B. , Pushkar D. Yu. , Veliev E. I. , Minina M. G. , Drozdov P. A. , Astapovich S. A. , Lidzhieva E. A.
Published: July 2024

Objective: to improve the outcomes of liver transplantation (LTx) from expanded criteria donors (ECDs) through hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE).

Material and methods. The study included 63 cases of LTx from suboptimal brain-dead donors. Group I (control) consisted of 34 persons in which liver transplant was preserved only by static cold storage (SCS), while group II (main) comprised 29 cases where ex situ HOPE was used after static preservation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the latter in a comparative clinical study and by studying ultrastructural changes in the liver using electron microscopy.

Results. No statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of baseline characteristics of donors, recipients and several perioperative parameters (p > 0.05) were obtained. Peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in the first week after transplantation were 1,052 (IQR: 712–1,842) U/L and 1,213 (IQR: 613–2,032) U/L in the HOPE group, and 1,943 (IQR: 1,294–5,214) U/L and 2,318 (IQR: 1,032–6,219) U/L in the SCS group (control). The levels were statistically significantly lower (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively). Median comprehensive complication index (CCI) in the main and control groups was 0 (IQR: 0–22.6) and 27.6 (IQR: 0–100) respectively. The differences were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Similarly, statistically significant differences were noted in terms of recipient time in the intensive care unit (ICU) and overall length of hospital stay (p = 0.042 and p = 0.028) – they were less in the HOPE group. Electron microscopy evaluation of the morphology of liver grafts revealed that hepatocytes sustained less injury during HOPE.

Conclusion. Ex situ HOPE is a safe and effective way of preserving liver transplants. Its use in LTx from expanded criteria donors can lessen the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in the organ and enable additional assessment of the suitability of an organ for transplantation.
Pregnancy after kidney transplantation: clinical features, complications and outcomes
Authors: Prokopenko E. I. , Nikolskaya I. G. , Vatazin A. V. , Burumkulova F. F. , Gubina D. V.
Published: July 2024

Pregnancy after kidney transplantation (KT) has become more common, but the risk of complications and adverse obstetric outcomes in this group of women remains high.

Objective: to study pregnancy complications and outcomes in kidney recipients and renal graft (RG) survival after childbirth.

Material and methods. The study included 22 pregnancies in 20 women with RG (transplants performed in 2006–2020). The comparison group consisted of 20 healthy women who had 20 pregnancies. Frequency and nature of pregnancy complications, neonatal health indicators, and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. Graft survival was compared in the main group and in a group of 102 women after KT who did not have pregnancies.

Results. Compared with healthy women, RG recipients had a higher rate of preeclampsia (25% and 0%, p = 0.047), fetal growth restriction (30% and 0%, p = 0.020), gestational diabetes (40% and 5%, p = 0.020), asymptomatic bacteriuria (35% and 5%, p = 0.044), preterm birth (60% and 0%, p < 0.001), and cesarean section (70% and 10%, p < 0.001). Median gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in women with RG: 36.0 [33.9; 37.4] vs. 38.9 [38.9; 39.6] weeks, p < 0.001, and 2405 [2023; 2958] vs. 3355 [3200; 3690] g, p < 0.001, respectively. The rate of favorable pregnancy outcomes after KT was 81.8%, or 90% when early pregnancy loss is excluded. Two children were found to have genetic diseases passed from the mother. Graft survival did not differ between RG recipients with and without pregnancy, p = 0.272.

Conclusions. Pregnancy outcomes in patients with RG are generally favorable, pregnancy and childbirth do not affect graft survival. When planning pregnancy after KT, it is necessary to consider the risk of complications and the possibility of transmitting genetic disorders to offspring.
Hyperparathyroidism in kidney transplant candidates and postoperative parathyroid gland function in recipients
Authors: Vetchinnikova O. N.
Published: July 2024

Objective: to evaluate the effects of secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in kidney transplantation (KT) candidates on recipients’ parathyroid gland function in the first postoperative year.

Materials and methods. The retrospective cohort study included 210 patients (103 women, 107 men, age 45 ± 9 years) with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (stage 5 CKD, including dialysis-dependent patients), who had undergone cadaveric KT. Biochemical screening before kidney transplantation and in the postoperative period at 3 and 12 months determined serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity, albumin and creatinine using standard methods. PTH levels of 130–595 pg/mL and ≤130 pg/mL were taken as the target level in the pre- and post-transplant periods, respectively.

Results. Fifty-six KT candidates (group 1) had HPT and 154 (group 2) had the target PTH levels. PTH level was 897 (722; 1136) and 301 (229; 411) pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001. PTH decreased in all recipients at 3 months after KT: by 595 (420; 812) in group 1 and 148 (77; 230) pg/ mL in group 2, p < 0.001, to 254 (180; 455) and 150 (118; 212) pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001; the target level was detected in 10.7% and 42.2% of recipients, respectively, p < 0.001. At 12 months, blood PTH was 171 (94; 239) pg/mL in group 1 and 112 (90; 135) pg/mL in group 2, p = 0.004; target level was found in 48.2% and 73.4% of recipients, respectively, p < 0.001. Kidney graft function was identical in both recipient groups: acute tubular necrosis in 41.1% and 54.5%; at 3 months, median glomerular filtration rates (GFR) of 60 and 65 mL/min (n.d.); at 12 months, 56 and 54 mL/min (n.d.). Post-transplant PTH levels correlated directly with preoperative levels in both groups and inversely with renal graft function in group 2 recipients.

Conclusion. HPT in kidney transplant candidates is a major, graft function-independent predictor of excess PTH secretion in recipients, increasing the risk of persistent HPT 1.9-fold, one year after KT.
IMPACTO DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL GENERATIVA CHATGPT EN LA ENSEÑANZA UNIVERSITARIA
Authors: Larico Hanco Rogelio
Published: July 2024

La integración de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la educación universitaria, especialmente el modelo ChatGPT, ha despertado un interés creciente en la comunidad académica. Sin embargo, se necesita una comprensión integral del impacto y la eficacia de esta tecnología en el proceso educativo. En este contexto, el objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una revisión sistemática sobre el impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa ChatGPT en la enseñanza universitaria de 2019 a 2024. Se adoptó el protocolo PRISMA, para la búsqueda en bases de datos como Scopus y SciELO, y se obtuvo una selección de estudios relevantes que incluyeron 18 artículos originales que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se identificó cuatro categorías principales que se relacionan con ChatGPT en la enseñanza universitaria: impacto de ChatGPT, potencial de ChatGPT, percepción de estudiantes y docentes sobre el uso de ChatGPT y efectividad de ChatGPT. Se concluyó que existe un interés creciente en estudiar el impacto del modelo ChatGPT en la enseñanza superior, que enfatiza la relevancia y necesidad de continuar la investigación en esta área para comprender su impacto y zonas que requieren mayor atención y desarrollo.
Die gebaute Arbeitswelt aus psychologischer Sicht. Sicherheits- und gesundheitsfördernde Aspekte – ein Fallbeispiel
Authors: Hegenbart Andreas ,   Diplompsychologe BDP in Arbeits-, Organisations- und Architekturpsychologie, Architektur – Mensch – Organisation, Konstanz
Published: July 2024

An einem Praxisbeispiel der Umgestaltung eines Bürgerbüros wird erläutert und gezeigt, wie mittels eines Facettenstrukturmodells von Affordanzen (Gebrauchsangeboten) ökopsychologische Methoden in die Entwicklung und Gestaltung von Arbeitsumgebungen integriert werden können und eine psychologische Prozessbegleitung effektiv Transformationsprozesse unterstützt. Das fördert nicht nur die Gesundheit, Sicherheit, Motivation und Produktivität am Arbeitsplatz, sondern führt auch zu einer signifikanten Kostensenkung.
Sorption and transport properties of aromatic (co)polyamide
Authors: Strusovskaya Nadezhda L. , Matushkina Nataliya N. , Zabegaeva Olesya N.
Published: July 2024

The separation of aqueous-alcohol solutions and dehydration of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAA), which form azeotropes, is important for the production of polymer materials, anhydrous alcohols for medicine, fuel, food and other industries. Currently, there are about one hundred pervaporation modules in operation around the world, most of which are designed for the dehydration of various solvents, such as ethanol, isopropanol, etc. It is known that polyamide and polyimide films, due to their high thermal stability, good mechanical strength, and high resistance to organic solvents, are considered promising membrane materials. We synthesized (co)polyamide by low-temperature polycondensation of terephthalic acid chloride with 4,4'-diaminodiphenyloxide and 3 ,5-diaminobenzoic acid in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (N-MP). The transport characteristics of membranes cast from this (co)polyamide (SPA) were studied. It was shown that after soaking the samples in water, the weight of the film decreased more than after soaking in isopropanol. This may be due to the different polarity of the molecules of the solvents used. The statement, taking into account the washed out impurities from the polymer, provides the true value of sorption was verified. The separation of a water-isopropanol mixture in the concentration range of 0-100 wt. % water at different temperatures was studied using the pervaporation method. It was shown that over the entire range of concentrations studied, the permeate is enriched with water. Separation coefficients for SPA membranes are comparable with those for PIM and TFC membranes. The temperature dependence of sorption, permeability and selectivity of aqueous solutions of DMAA (5:1) was studied for SPA films. It has been shown that the sorption of the solution by the polymer did not change within 20-50оС, then decreases, and the permeability of the separated mixture increased by 2-3 times, and the permeate contained only water. Thus, SPA (co)polyamide can be considered as a basis for obtaining selective membranes during the dehydration of alcohols and organic solvents.
Chromatographic separation of itaconic anhydride recycling products with 5-amino-1-phenylpyrazoles
Authors: Shmoylova Yana Yu. , Kovygin Yuri A. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S. , Dmitrenok Andrey S.
Published: July 2024

An important role in the creation of the entire variety of modern physiologically active compounds is played by the synthesis of complexly constructed poly–substituted molecules – analogues of natural substances. Effective design methods involve a significant increase in molecular complexity with a minimum number of stages. However, such an approach often involves complex processes involving multifunctional reagents, which, ultimately, can lead to difficult-to-separate mixtures of the target compound and a number of by-products, both undesirable and promising. This problem remains very significant in the design of various polyazaheterosystems, including those with a pyrazolopyridine skeleton, which is one of the most common fragments in the structures of natural and synthetic biologically active compounds. Therefore, an urgent task is to develop effective methods for the separation of such mixtures and purification of target compounds. Currently, column chromatography is used to solve it, which is one of the most important methods for separating liquid or solid mixtures of organic substances on a preparative scale. In this paper, the reactions of itacone anhydride with substituted 5-amino-1-phenylpyrazoles are investigated, a chromatographic method for separating alternative interaction products and their identification is proposed.
The influence of dibutyl sebacate on the sorption properties of a composite superabsorbent based on chitosan
Authors: Sorokin Andrey V. , Lavlinskaya Maria S.
Published: July 2024

Composite superabsorbents, combining both acrylate and biodegradable units, are more environmentally friendly products compared to fully synthetic analogues, however, their equilibrium degree of swelling Qe, usually, lower than the latter. Therefore, the search for new approaches to increase this parameter is an urgent task of modern chemistry. A promising way to solve this problem seems to be the use of plasticizers - low-molecular compounds that increase the segmental and molecular mobility of macromolecules. The purpose of this study was investigation of the effect of the presence of dibutyl sebacate on the sorption properties of composite superabsorbents containing chitosan. Dibutyl sebacate is known as a plasticizer for many industrially important polymers, including cellulose derivatives, and is also less toxic than commonly used phthalates. Superabsorbents based on acrylic acid and acrylamide containing 10 wt.% chitosan with different molecular weights: 20, 200, and 600 kDa were obtained by radical precipitation polymerization with substance initiation. The structure of the resulting superabsorbents was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, and the morphology of their surfaces was studied by scanning electron microscopy. With an increase in the molecular weight of the polysaccharide used, a decrease in the equilibrium degree of swelling of the resulting composite superabsorbent in distilled water was observed. In the case of swelling in a 0.15 M NaCl solution, a sharp decrease in Qe values occurred. The presence of dibutyl sebacate increased the equilibrium degree of swelling in distilled water of superabsorbents obtained based on chitosan with molecular weights of 200 and 600 kDa. The increase in Qe values correlated with the molecular weight of the polysaccharide: the higher it was, the more pronounced was the effect of the presence of dibutyl sebacate. A study of the swelling kinetics of superabsorbents showed that, regardless of the presence of dibutyl sebacate, the process is two-stage: a stage of fast and slow water sorption was observed. Using mathematical kinetic models, it was shown that swelling was controlled by chemisorption, and at the slow stage of swelling, the diffusion of water molecules inside the superabsorbent phase played a significant role. Thus, the use of dibutyl sebacate is a promising approach to increasing the equilibrium degree of swelling of composite superabsorbents based on chitosan with a molecular weight of more than 200 kDa.
Sorption of humus and its distribution in the profile of chernozems depending on the granulometric composition
Authors: Gromovik Arkady I. , Gorbunova Nadezhda S. , Devyatova Tatyana A.
Published: July 2024

Particle-size composition is a fundamental characteristic that has a significant impact on many properties and regimes of soils, including sorption and fixation of humus by elementary soil particles (ESP). The main role in increasing the humus content of soils belongs to ESP with sizes <0.01 mm.
We examined the structural features of humus profiles of leached chernozems formed on soil-forming rocks of different granulometric compositions. For this purpose, a large sample of data on the quantitative content of humus in chernozems of different granulometric compositions was analysed.
The goal of the research was to identify the dependence of humus sorption on the granulometric composition of chernozems, and also to reveal the features of the profile distribution of humus in them.
Objectives: conduct field research of chernozems of different granulometric composition; select soil samples and conduct a series of laboratory studies of these samples for the identification of the sorption properties of ESP in relation to humus; identify the features of humus distribution in soils of different granulometric compositions.
It has been shown that with an increase in the granulometric composition of the content of ESP related to physical clay (<0.01 mm), the sorption capacity of the soil for humus increased. Thus, from sandy loam (ESP <0.01 mm=14-20%) to clayey varieties (ESP <0.01 mm = 61-64%) of chernozems, the humus content increased, respectively, from 3.88 to 7.09%. The thickness of the humus layer increased in the same direction from 22 to 100 cm. Therefore, soils of different granulometric compositions have their own structural features of the organoprofile, consisting in the nature of the humus distribution.
Quantum-chemical modeling of sorption interactions of histidine enantiomers with carbon nanotubes
Authors: Butyrskaya Elena V. , E Dinh Tuan L , Волков Александр Анатольевич
Published: July 2024

In this study, the elementary act of adsorption of monomers and dimers of histidine enantiomers on a dextrorotatory model CNT-(7,6) chirality from an aqueous solution was studied using quantum chemistry methods to interpret the adsorption isotherm of L- and D-histidine on carbon nanotubes mkNANO MKN-SWCNT S1 and identify the mechanism of sorption sorbent-sorbate interactions. Quantum chemical modelling of the structures was carried out using the GAUSSIAN 09 program by the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) GD3 method; the influence of the environment was considered using the Tomasi polarization continuum model (PCM). The results of quantum chemical modelling have established a greater number of point interactions of nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the D-isomer with the dextrorotatory CNT, which determines the higher adsorption energy of the D-histidine monomer and dimer on the CNT compared to the L-isomer. It was shown that enantiomers are attached to nanotubes mainly by van der Waals forces and π-π interactions between the imidazole ring of histidine and the carbon nanotube. The contribution of π-π stacking interactions to the adsorption value was assessed using quantum chemistry methods. The formation of 4 different L-amino acid dimers is possible on the surface of CNT: 2L1, 2L2, 2L3, 2L4 and also for the D isomer: 2D1; 2D2; 2D3; 2D4. The results of quantum chemical modelling showed that dimers 2L4 and 2D4 have the highest adsorption energy on CNT. Quantum chemistry methods were also used to calculate the average energy of intermolecular H bonds in seven, eight, and thirteen particle clusters of L-histidine, as well as in seven- and nine-particle clusters of the D-enantiomer. The calculation showed that this value increases with increasing cluster size. This led to a significant contribution of hydrogen bonding to the decrease in the energy of the sorption system during cluster adsorption.
*Corresponding author: suwandi.sumartias@unpad.ac.id E-ISSN: 2289-1528 https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2024-4002-01 Portrait of Hate Speech Propagators' Behaviour in Indonesia Twittersphere: A Comparative Virtual Ethnography Study
Authors: Sumartias Suwandi ,   Padjadjaran University, Indonesia, Pulubuhu Dwia Aries Tina , Elfitra Elfitra , Ratnasari Eny ,   Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,   Andalas University, Indonesia,   Tidar University, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Political life in Indonesia today cannot be separated from the social media platform Twitter (X) because it is often used to express opinions freely. Unfortunately, a handful of parties misused the freedom of communication and expression offered by Twitter (X) to spread hate speech. One of the biggest phenomena is “Cebong” and “Kadrun”. This research examines the characteristics of hate speech spreaders in the political context of "Cebong" and "Kadrun". This study employed virtual ethnography to interpret the phenomenon of political hate speech on Twitter (X) in May 2022. The hate speech made by "Cebong" and "Kadrun" can be concluded as two hostile political camps. They argued with each other to show their identity as supporters of one of the camps and aimed to bring down the opposing political camp. The tweets made by “Cebong” were dominated by arguments classified as arguments by analogy; meanwhile, "Kadrun" was dominated by discovery arguments: arguments from cause to effect. The manipulation strategy carried out by "Cebong" is dominated by connotations, and "Kadrun" is dominated by specific warrants and connotations. The fallacy expressed by "Cebong" is dominated by persuasive definitions; meanwhile, "Kadrun" is dominated by hasty generalizations. These findings could be suggestions for creating a healthier ecosystem in the digital public sphere in Indonesia. Twitter (X) users should be more aware of reporting content that indicates hate speech. By knowing the characteristics of hate speech and the characteristics of hate speech spreaders, Twitter users can stop the spread of hate speech. Keywords: Cebong, Kadrun, hate speech, propagators, Twitter.
Critical Moment for Indonesian Journalism: Disappearance of Journalistic Firewall
Authors: Krisdinanto Nanang ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Indonesia, Apul Merlina Maria Barbara , Ritonga Rajab ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Indonesia,   Gunadarma University, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

This study aims to understand the dynamics of journalists’ professionalism regarding the critical moment for Indonesian journalism in carrying out their journalistic practices. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method and took place in Surabaya, East Java, the second largest city in Indonesia that records the highest media growth in the country besides Jakarta and Medan. The results of this study show that there has been the destuction of old journalistic values including journalistic independence and the normalization of new journalistic practices that mix editorial and business among journalists surveyed. Nowadays, the mixture is considered a normal journalistic practice. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the process of eroding journalists’ welfare and reviving pre-pandemic unethical practices, such as bribery, extortion and news withdrawal on the pretext of welfare. The pandemic has also given rise to a turning point in journalistic practices related to the press business model which traditionally relied on ads and changed the direction of news reporting that the journalistic firewall has cordoned by separating editorial from business. This gave rise to the destruction of journalistic values including independence and the disappearance of the journalistic firewall. Keywords: Journalistic values, journalists’ welfare, critical moment, journalistic independence, firewall.
The Solo Broadcast Journalism Practices from an Industry Perspective
Authors: Ismail Awan ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Ab Adziz Aselawati Che , Ismail Rizalawati , Ibrahim Faridah ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia,   International Islamic University Malaysia,   Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: July 2024

Social networking is a rapidly growing source of news in broadcast journalism. Broadcast journalism is facing a continuing decline in electronic media circulation and social media changes. The concept of online convergence in broadcast journalism has become a news trend on social media. Solo broadcast journalism and social media are becoming practices in news organisations today. Therefore, this article aims to identify the practices of solo broadcast journalism from an industry practitioner’s perspective. A qualitative methodological approach was used in this study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with eight informants who practised solo broadcast journalism. The data were analysed thematically. The results showed that production tasks, location reviews, good time management, relationships with the community, preparation tasks, and comfortable places are among the concepts of practising solo broadcast journalism in news organisations. The findings of this study show that journalists practice solo broadcast journalism to get news in line with the development of digital media today. The findings of this study are expected to benefit the National ICT Agenda on National Broadband Policy from the perspective of newspaper organisations in expanding the use of technology in the distribution and publication of stories for news. The findings of this study will help make appropriate adjustments to develop human capital by integrating broadcast journalism practices with technology-assisted work in solo broadcast journalism. In addition, this study is also significant to the National Education Policy. The study will impact the educational curriculum of broadcast journalism by introducing changes in line with the development of solo broadcast journalism. Keywords: Practice, solo broadcast journalism, industry practitioner, Industrial Revolution 4.0, social media.
Political Buzzers’ Role on Social Media During The 2019 Indonesian Presidential Election
Authors: Budiana Muhammad ,   Pasundan University, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

The 2019 presidential election involved political buzzers as one of the keys to the campaign on social media for both parties. The existence of the buzzers itself has a positive and negative impact on Indonesian society. Currently, the term “buzzers” have changed from a marketing function to a word that has a negative connotation because it is often identified with hoax news. This research uses qualitative methods, using literature studies from various documents, news, journals and previous research that are relevant to the role of buzzers in the spread of fake news on social media in the 2019 Presidential Election. After conducting searches and obtaining material that is relevant to the topic of analysis, this article analysed material and news developing in society regarding the role of buzzers in spreading hoaxes in the 2019 Presidential Election. The aim of the hoax campaign is to change the stigma from bad to good to increase electability and popularity, but it can also be the opposite, from good to bad. The 2019 presidential election noted that both parties were using them and at the same time were under attack from buzzers. One of the strategies used by buzzers during the 2019 Presidential Election is to normalise lies where both parties slander each other. The existence of a hoax campaign makes news about the Presidential Election confusing and needs to be checked carefully to ensure the facts of the news. Keywords: Election, Buzzer, social media, presidential election, fake news.
Post-Growth Ambitions and Growth-Based Realities in Sustainable Land-Use Planning
Authors: Lamker Christian , Terfrüchte Thomas
Published: July 2024

Governments have developed, agreed, and often embraced ambitious targets to meet sustainability and climate change demands. The use of land is foundational for long-term success and one of the most crucial resources where absolute limits of development become tangible. In Europe, success in stopping the expansion of settlement uses through building on natural or agricultural land remains limited in scope and speed. While planning instruments could be open for versatile uses, a pro-growth pathway continues at all planning scales. The premise of this article is that growth fixation is inscribed in planning instruments. We build on post-growth planning literature to conceptualize the relevance of (post-)growth for land-use planning. Two examples of planning instruments (modelling regional land use needs, density concepts) and their application in German case studies illustrate wherein growth has been locked and within which potentials for change lie. We investigate inscribed premises of the causal relation between population and household growth to land consumption that are leading to a divergence between the need for land and the provision of land. By doing so, we position post-growth planning to understand contemporary challenges in reducing the net consumption of land, and as a crucial body of thought that better accounts for the tangible limits of available land.
HEURISTIC POTENTIAL OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION STRATEGY OF UKRAINE: CONCEPTUAL DIMENSIONS
Authors: Krysachenko Valentyn ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The radical transformations that modern Ukrainian society is experiencing in the conditions of full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and its acquisition of the status of a candidate for the EU require a proper, in-depth and comprehensive analysis of Ukraine’s humanitarian development strategies, the implementation of the European integration vector of its development. The humanitarian strategies of Ukraine’s development in the context of full membership in the European Union are studied. It is shown that they should be determined by the national interests of the entire society, ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens, and updating the system of fundamental values of the Ukrainian people. Paradigmatic European values include Ukrainian civilizational identity (spirituality), state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, high level of human development, democratic society, full standards of living, gender equality, etc. The focus of the research is: artifacts of totalitarian society and their overcoming; European experience and the Ukrainian way in forming a system of values; civil society and state institutions; synergy of interaction in the European integration context; formation of collective memory and rethinking of Ukraine’s past in a European perspective. Special attention is paid to the dynamics of the processes of democratization and decommunization, cultural and linguistic policy, interethnic and interreligious relations, etc.