bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time-as-a-Service Increases Efficiency, Agility and Consistency
Authors: Sadlier Andreas , Baksh Nazaad
Published: March 2022

Oil and gas operators use data collected from well operations for real-time monitoring, performance analysis and remote operations. Service providers typically operate real-time data systems from local data centers. They manually provision capex-heavy IT infrastructure and applications for each operator and rig. This may lead to overcapacity and inconsistent performance operating at scale.

We commissioned a public-cloud, real-time-as-a-service solution which increased performance and consistency of real-time data access for a Norwegian operator. It also improved the service provider's operating efficiency and ability to accelerate the pace of innovation.

A distributed architecture reduces failure points and enables horizontal scaling. Cloud provides elastic scaling to provision the right amount of compute resources to meet demand. Open-source technologies lower maintenance cost and reduce the technical debt accumulated maintaining the proprietary incumbent system.

Close collaboration between the operator and service company enabled successful commissioning on six rigs. Real-time data feeds were previously collected by six independent IT systems hosted in a regional data center. The live data streams were successfully transitioned during active drilling activities, without interruption to remote operations.

Real-time performance increased by more than 83%. The operator also observed a significant improvement in service and data quality. During the transition period, minor updates were deployed with zero downtime and no impact to the operator. Shortly after rollout, the support team remediated a performance bottleneck in just minutes. Prior solutions would typically require procurement and configuration of network hardware, taking months.

In contrast to proprietary software solutions, an open architecture facilitates easy integration of existing software investments. Application programming interfaces simplify the development and connectivity of new real-time applications. Finally, cloud-native solutions accelerate the pace of innovation. Access to cloud services like analytics platforms enable continual integration of digital capabilities with real-time data.
An Ensemble-Based Solution for Automating Drilling Engineering: Application to Directional Surveying
Authors: Cayeux Eric , Dvergsnes Erik , Carlsen Liv , Mihai Rodica
Published: March 2022

Drilling engineering and drilling operation are two steps of the well construction process that are treated sequentially and separately. The interface between those two steps is the drilling program, i.e., a unique solution that has been singled out and analyzed in detail during well planning. However, when an unexpected situation occurs during the drilling operation, the drilling program is of little use to take informed decisions as it does not contain any information about acceptable tolerances.

An alternate approach for passing information between the planning stage and the operational phase is to capture the constraints and margins that should be respected during the well construction. These constraints can be combined with the foreseen uncertainties that are embedded at every stage of the design and engineering process. Such uncertainties are associated with expected available measurements during the drilling operation, but also uncertainties that exist on the modelling side as well as the natural deviations that will take place during the drilling operation. From this point of view, the drilling program turns to be an ensemble of possible solutions, each of them being associated with potential risk levels.

To illustrate how such a method can be applied in practice, the paper explains how the surveying program can be automatically generated to respect anticollision criteria with neighboring wells and acceptable driller's target dimensions. To achieve this, it is necessary to have a very generic well path calculator. Then a well path generator can instantiate hundreds of well path realizations respecting geometrical constraints related to the subsurface environment, e.g., angle of incidence to cross faults, angle of penetration of hard stringers, but also other constraints such as those related to geo-mechanical margins. Wellbore position uncertainties can be evaluated based on a surveying program, and well paths can be nudged to respect anti-collision criteria with neighboring wells. The dimension of the driller's target can also be estimated as a function of the wellbore position uncertainty and its geological boundaries. By investigating multiple combinations of survey instruments for the surveying program, it is then possible to obtain the set of surveying programs that provide sufficient margins for anti-collision and acceptable dimensions for the driller’s target.

The result of the analysis is automatically generated surveying programs and their envelopes of well paths that respect a set of subsurface and directional surveying constraints. One of those possibilities can be chosen as well as an associated well path that gives a large clearance to the constraints. At the operational stage, when unexpected situation occurs, acceptable margins are readily available allowing for deviating from plan in an informed way and without recourse to qualitative judgement.
Real-Time Reamer Vibration Predicting, Monitoring, and Decision-Making using Hybrid Modeling and a Process Digital Twin
Authors: Shi Jibin , Dourthe Laetitia , Li Denis , Deng Li , Louback Leonardo , Song Fei , Abolins Nick , Verano Fernando , Zhang Pusheng , Groover Joshua , Gomez Falla Diego , Li Ke
Published: March 2022

In hole enlargement while drilling (HEWD) operations, reamers are extensively used to enlarge the pilot hole. Reamer wipeout failure can cause additional bottom hole assembly (BHA) trips, which can cost operators millions of dollars. Excessive reamer shock and vibration is a leading cause of reamer wipeout; therefore, careful monitoring of reamer vibration is important in mitigating such a risk.

Currently, downhole vibration sensors and drilling dynamics simulations are used to comprehend and reduce downhole vibration, but vibration sensors cannot be placed exactly at the reamer to monitor the vibrations in real time. Drilling dynamics simulations are difficult to calibrate and are computationally expensive for use in real time; therefore, the real-time reamer vibration status is typically unknown during drilling operations.

A process digital twin using a hybrid modeling approach is proposed and tested to address the vibration issue. Large amounts of field data are used in advanced drilling dynamics simulations to calibrate the HEWD runs. For each HEWD section, calibrated drilling dynamics simulations are performed to comprehend the downhole vibration at the reamer and downhole vibration sensors. A surrogate regression model between reamer vibration and sensor vibration is built using machine learning. This surrogate model is implemented in a drilling monitoring software platform as a process digital twin. During drilling, the surrogate model uses downhole measurement while drilling (MWD) data as input to predict reamer vibration. Wipeout risk levels are calculated and sent to the operators for real-time decision making to reduce the possibility of reamer wipeout.

Large volumes of reamer field data, including field recorded vibration and reamer dull conditions were used to validate the digital twin workflow. Then, the process digital twin was implemented and tested in two reamer runs in the Gulf of Mexico. A downhole high-frequency sensor was placed at the reamer in one field run and the recorded sensor vibration data and corresponding reamer dull conditions showed a very good match with the real-time digital twin predictions. The field tests demonstrated the feasibility and accuracy of the digital twin and established a method for aiding in future real-time decision making.

State-of-the-art downhole sensors, drilling dynamics simulation packages, large amounts of field data, and a hybrid approach are the solutions to building, calibrating, and field testing the reamer digital twin to ensure its effectiveness and accuracy. Such a hybrid modeling approach can not only be applied to reamers, but also to other critical BHA components.
Drilling Practices and Workflows for Geothermal Operations
Authors: Dupriest Fred , Noynaert Sam
Published: March 2022

Over a three-well program the FORGE drill teams reduced well times by more than half, with instantaneous ROP increased over 400% in the thick granite pay zone. At the same time, record footage per bit was increased over 200%. The physics-based, limiter-redesign workflow utilized is described, along with specific changes in design and operational practices. Both are expected to yield similar results in any hard rock, geothermal or similar operations.

In 2020, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded a group at Texas A&M University to develop physics-based practices for the geothermal industry, similar to those that have enabled large gains for many operators in the petroleum industry. Wells in the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) were used to develop and test the workflow and practices. The effort began with sixteen hours of training for all team members, including drilling management. Changes were made in the daily workflow, such as periodic parameter testing, real time recognition and response to the common drilling dysfunctions, limiter identification, and daily discussion of the physics of each limiter and the immediate response required that included remote support personnel. The continual daily emphasis on identification of limiters, combined with training in how each limiter physically worked, created an enabling environment for change

Some of the key performance limiters addressed in these FORGE wells included previously held beliefs about limitations on WOB with PDCs, modifications to reduce BHA whirl, use of high WOB to suppress bit whirl, identification and avoidance of resonant RPM, BHA design and drilling practices to reduce the amplitude of borehole patterns to improve weight transfer, and the use of high spurt loss fluid (water) to achieve brittle rock failure. It was eventually possible to increase WOB to the structural limit of the bits (i.e., 68k lbs on 10-5/8" PDC). The bit vendor was engaged continually in daily analysis of digital data and dulls, and bits were redesigned to redistribute cutter wear, increase aggressiveness, and improve life through the increased use of shaped cutters. A significant finding was that contemporary PDC cutters remained relatively unworn for long distances in the FORGE granite regardless of WOB used, if the team is trained to manage dysfunction The mechanism through which the cutters eventually fail is discussed, along with operational and design practices to further extend the run lengths.

This paper is intended to serve as a reference, with the basic concepts, science, and real-time practices an operator may consider in developing its physics-based, limiter-redesign workflows.
Successful Planning and Implementation of First South Texas U-Turn Lateral
Authors: Schultz Riley , Kiefner Joe
Published: March 2022

Today’s legacy fields require innovative solutions for developing capitally efficient projects within highly developed acreage blocks. As another tool to improve well economics, a U-turn lateral strategy was implemented in the Eagle Ford Shale in 2020. This wellbore trajectory resulted in capturing a 9,200 ft equivalent lateral length well in a 5,000 ft-wide lease space. This successful U-Turn trajectory test in South Texas has created new economic project opportunities for the company and has increased optionality within challenged lease spaces across the field.
An Integrated Methodology for Green Human Resource Management in Construction Industry
Authors: Darvazeh Saeid Sadeghi , Mooseloo Farzaneh Mansoori , Aeini Samira , Vandchali Hadi Rezaei , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee
Published: March 2022

Today, by increasing public awareness about environmental issues and pressures from governments and other stakeholders companies have dealt with environmental challenges more than ever. This paper focuses on environmentally sustainable performance using an integrated method based on meta-synthesis, Delphi, and structural equation modeling (SEM) methods are utilized in different phases of the methodology. In the first phase, an in-depth review of green human resources management (GHRM) literature is conducted based on the meta-synthesis method and as a result, 38 codes were extracted. Then, to adapt and customize the codes with the nature of the construction industry, 2 rounds of the Delphi method are applied to collect the expert judgment from a panel of 15 industry professionals, resulting in 21 codes in 7 categories. Finally, to verify the proposed model the data from 33 Iranian construction companies were collected and by using SEM, 15 factors in 5 categories are presented. The findings indicated that among 9 main GHRM components extracted from the literature, just 5 components including green recruitment and selection, green performance management, green- reward, green-based employee empowerment, and green training have significant and positive relationships with GHRM. The paper also provides some managerial insights and some future directions.
Scaling debt for nature swaps – which nature, how much debt and who pays?
Authors: Nedopil Christoph , Yue Mengdi , Hughes Alice
Published: March 2022

With the upcoming launch of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and an accelerating sovereign debt crisis in many emerging economies related to COVID19, we analyze how the resurgent call for debt-for-nature swaps could conserve currently unprotected biodiversity priority-areas for six biomes and support debt restructuring in 67 countries under the World Bank’s debt service suspension initiative. Using novel methods and data, we find that the 67 countries hold over 22% of global priority-areas, 82.96% of which is unprotected. However, even when using conservative cost estimates, protecting 100% of those currently unprotected areas would only convert 0.1% of public debt for 35 of the 67 countries and would not significantly reduce debt levels. Applying DNS in the remaining countries would allow the protection of 11-13% of the Earth’s currently unprotected priority areas and would require particularly China to engage in swapping between USD2.8 and 5.5 billion in debt.
Evaluation of the Effect of Oxygen-Helium Mixture on the Severity of Cough in Patients with Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Tsygankov K. A. , Lakhin R. E. , Shchegolev A. V. , Zhdanov A. D. , Klimov A. G.
Published: February 2022

The objective: to evaluate the effect of inhalation of heated oxygen-helium mixture on the severity of cough in patients with coronavirus infection (COVID-19).

Subjects and Methods. A single-center randomized prospective study was conducted. Group 1 (control) (n = 32) included patients who received standard COVID-19 therapy. Group 2 (n = 29) included patients who had inhalations with heated oxygen-helium mixture (OHM) in addition to standard treatment. The severity of cough was assessed using 6-point scale (0 ‒ no cough; 1 ‒ single cough impulse; 2 ‒ rare cough during the day; 3 ‒ frequent cough that does not affect daytime activity, 4 ‒ frequent cough that reduces daytime activity due to cough; 5 ‒ severe cough in which daytime activity is impossible), and respiratory rate (RR) was also for 7 days from the moment of inclusion in the study.

Results. Cough symptoms of varying severity were detected in all patients included in the study. A prolonged coughing fit led to decrease in blood oxygen saturation. In the control group, intensive cough persisted for the first 4 days and subsequently decreased with the favorable course of the disease. In the group, where OHM was used, on the 3rd day, the severity of cough decreased to 2 scores compared to the initial 4 scores (p = 0,005). The use of OHM allowed reducing the severity of cough versus traditional therapy. The analysis of intergroup comparisons showed differences starting from day 3 (p = 0.014): in patients of Group 2 (with the use of OHM), cough was mostly rare during the day, at the same time, frequent cough persisted in patients of the control group according to assessment of the severity of daytime cough. When analyzing RR, it was revealed that in Group 2, RR from day 2 was below the one in the control group, in which no changes were detected during the entire observation period.

Conclusion. The use of inhalation of oxygen-helium mixture allows reducing the intensity of cough and respiratory rate in patients with COVID-19.
COVID-19-Associated Biventricular Takotsubo Syndrome Complicated with Cardiogenic Shock (Clinical Case)
Authors: Zeltyn-Аbramov E. M. , Belavina N. I. , Klochkova N. N. , Iskhakov R. T. , Evsyukov O. Yu. , Аrtyukhina L. Yu. , Svanadze A. M. , Lysenko M. A.
Published: February 2022

Acute myocardial dysfunction (AMD) remains prominent among extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is one of the causes of AMD development. TS incidence in patients with COVID-19 is currently unknown. The report presents a clinical case of an elderly female patient on maintenance hemodialysis with severe COVID-19. During the session of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), the patient had an episode of ventricular fibrillation followed by cardiogenic shock development and ECG changes, similar to myocardial infarction. Echocardiographic (Echo) data showed a distinctive pattern of biventricular TS with a significant systolic function decrease in both ventricles. Emergency CT angiography ruled out obstructive lesions of coronary arteries. Full recovery of both ventricles systolic function, regression of ECG changes, and complete resolution of cardiogenic shock were observed within the next week. The subsequent course of the disease was complicated by sepsis and multiple organ failure which determined the lethal outcome.

The autopsy findings excluded coronarogenic and viral myocardial damage. The presented case demonstrates a life-threatening TS pattern in patients with severe COVID-19. TPE procedure should be treated as a possible trigger of TS.
Effect of Sevoflurane on Activation of Human Neutrophiles in Ex Vivo Models
Authors: Starostin D. O. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Grebenchikov O. A. , Dolgikh V. T.
Published: February 2022

The objective is to study the effect of different concentrations of sevoflurane on activation of human neutrophils in an ex vivo model.

Subjects and Methods. The cell culture of venous blood neutrophils of 5 healthy men was used in this study. Neutrophil activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and chemotaxis peptide N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP) as stimulants, was assessed by the expression level of CD11b and CD66b, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, the level of phosphorylation of glycogen synthase β-kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Annexin V and propidium iodide were used to assess apoptosis. Neutrophils were exposed to 0.5, 1 and 1.5 MAC of sevoflurane to assess the effect of the drug on their activation.

Results. Incubation of neutrophils with LPS and fMLP statistically significantly increased the expression of these molecules: treatment with LPS at the dose of 200 ng/ml increased CD11b and CD66b expression by 2.3 and 2.2 times (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively), while treatment with fMLP at 100 nM increased expression by 1.7 and 2.0 times (p = 0.025 and p = 0.03, respectively). When neutrophils were incubated with the same concentration of LPS after exposure to sevoflurane at a dose of 1.5 MAC, the level of CD11b and CD66b expression increased versus intact neutrophils. In this experiment, the change in CD11b expression was statistically insignificant (p = 0.055), the change in CD66b expression was statistically significant (p = 0.007). Thus, sevoflurane exposure at a dose of 1.5 MAC reduces proinflammatory activation of neutrophils induced by LPS.

Conclusion. Stimulation of neutrophils by LPS was accompanied by dephosphorylation of GSK-3β, and exposure to 1.5 MAC of sevoflurane resulted in its phosphorylation. Thus, phosphorylation of GSK-3β in neutrophils by sevoflurane reduces the expression of CD11b and CD66b.
In Vitro Evaluation of Adsorption Properties of Various Devices for Selective Lipopolysaccharide Hemoperfusion (Experimental Study)
Authors: Marukhov A. V. , Zakharov M. V. , Chubchenko N. V. , Shcherbak S. G.
Published: February 2022

The objective: to study in vitro adsorption properties of various devices for selective lipopolysaccharide (LPS) adsorption.

Subjects and Methods: Various methods of closed circuit circulating bovine serum endotoxin solutions were used. The serum was perfused using an LPS sorption device for 240 min. Serum samples were collected before the start of perfusion, and 30, 60, 120, 150, and 240 minutes after the start of circulation. LPS concentrations were measured by the turbidimetric method. One column for polymyxin hemoperfusion and three devices for selective adsorption of lipopolysaccharides were assessed.

Results: When using the device for polymyxin hemoperfusion, the concentration of endotoxin in bovine serum decreased by 61% during 120 minutes, and in 120 minutes after additional administration of endotoxin, it went down by 57%. When using the other three devices, these parameters made 9% and 6%, 10% and 8%, 5% and 10%, respectively. C

onclusion. By definition, an in vitro study cannot provide for complex pathophysiological reactions occurring in the body during sepsis. Тhis fact leads to limitations in extrapolating the results obtained to clinical practice.
The Use of Selective Hemoperfusion in Treatment of Toxic Rhabdomyolysis Complicated by Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Masolitin S. V. , Protsenko D. N. , Tyurin I. N. , Mamontova O. A. , Magomedov M. A. , Kim T. G. , Yaralyan A. V.
Published: February 2022

The objective: to improve treatment results in patients with toxic rhabdomyolysis (RM) complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI) through using selective hemoperfusion (НР).

Subjects and Methods. The study included 45 patients aged 18 to 55 years diagnosed with toxic RM complicated by AKI. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 received standard conservative therapy. In Group 2, during the first day of treatment, HP was used to prevent AKI progression. Changes in clinical and laboratory parameters of RM and renal damage as well as treatment outcomes between the groups were analyzed and compared.

Results. Significantly better decrease in myoglobin blood level was revealed in Group 2 from day 1 to day 7 of treatment. In Groups 1 and 2, these parameters made 26.3% and 52.1%, respectively. The use of НР allowed reducing the urine concentration of KIM-1 by day 3 of treatment in Group 2 by 16.9%, in Group 1, the urine concentration of KIM-1 increased by 15.5%. The frequency of RRT initiation for urgent indications decreased from 75% to 52.9% when using HP, as a result, duration of inpatient treatment decreased from 19.5 (14; 22) to 16.5 (13; 19) days, as well as the period of ICU stay from 11 (9; 15) to 8 (6; 11) days.

Conclusions. The early use of НР as part of the complex intensive therapy of toxic RM complicated by the development of AKI is accompanied by an earlier and significant decrease in laboratory markers of RM and AKI compared to standard treatment, as well as shorter ICU and hospital stay
A Nomogram for Predicting Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kuzovlev A. N. , Ermokhina L. V. , Melnikova N. S. , Berikashvili L. B. , Yadgarov M. Ya. , Kadantseva K. K. , Chaus N. I. , Perekhodov S. N. , Serkova T. S. , Likhvantsev V. V.
Published: February 2022

The objective: to develop a predictive model for assessing the risk of death in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Subjects and Methods. This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of hospital mortality in patients admitted to ICU of V.P. Demikhov City Clinical Hospital from March 6 to June 3, 2020.

Results. Case histories of 403 patients were analyzed. In-hospital 30-day mortality among patients treated in ICU was 44.9% (181/403 patients). A multivariate analysis showed that significant predictors of death in patients with COVID-19 were the age of 60 years or more (adj. OR 3.84; 95% CI 1.56‒9.44, p = 0.003), COPD (adj. OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.12‒4.95, p = 0.024), peripheral artery diseases (adj. OR: 5.08; 95% CI 1.87‒13.76, p = 0.001) and CKD stage 3b and higher (adj. OR 4.58; 95% CI 2.36‒8.90, p < 0.001), LDH 300 IU/l or more (adj. OR 3.05; 95% CI 1.23‒7.58, p = 0.016), and CRP 200 mg/l or more (adj. OR 3.65; 95% CI 1.95‒6.85, p < 0.001). Predictive model quality: AUC = 0.811 [0.733‒0.874], p < 0.001.

Conclusions. A nomogram to assess the risk of death in patients with COVID-19 has been developed. It includes the assessment of age, history of COPD, CKD stage 3b and higher, peripheral artery diseases, and monitoring of LDH and CRP.
Anesthesiological Possibilities of Intraoperative Bleeding Control During Endoscopic Rhinosinusurgical Interventions
Authors: Pavlov V. E. , Polushin Yu. S. , Kolotilov L. V.
Published: February 2022

The safety and effectiveness of endoscopic rhinological operations in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, as well as neoplasms of the paranasal sinuses, are largely achieved by reducing bleeding in the area of the surgical field. Even a small amount of blood can disrupt the view during endoscopy and prevent the intervention from being performed, thereby increasing the risk of complications.

The review presents modern methods of reducing the risk of intraoperative bleeding under general anesthesia. Each approach has its own characteristics, therefore, the benefit-risk ratio should be assessed for each patient before choosing a specific method for controlling intraoperative bleeding.
Difficult Diagnosis: A Case of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistocytosis in an Infant
Authors: Pshenisnov K. V. , Аleksandrovich Yu. S. , Udaltsov M. A. , Аnokhin T. A. , Kaziakhmedov V. A. , Pochinyaeva L. M. , Ironosov V. E.
Published: February 2022

Hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis is an extremely rare disease requiring early diagnosis and specific treatment.

The objective: to demonstrate the clinical case of hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis in an infant. The course of the disease in a 6-month-old child requiring treatment in the intensive care unit was retrospectively analyzed. The article presents the procedure of differential diagnosis of sepsis and hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis in children, special attention is paid to the diagnostic criteria, and the clinical and laboratory differences of these diseases are described.

Conclusion. The presence of leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and hypocoagulation in an infant with persistent fever is the basis for a thorough differential diagnosis in order to eliminate severe systemic diseases that manifest as childhood infections and sepsis.
A review on essential oil analyses and biological activities of the traditionally used medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris L
Authors: HOSSAİN Md Amzad , ALRASHDİ Yahya Bin Abdullah , TOUBY Salem Al
Published: February 2022

Since the old times, seeds producing plants have played a vital role in the progress of human culture to treat diseases. Medicinal plants are used traditionally by the local communities to treat diseases. Recently, a report has shown that more than 250,000 flowering plant species are available globally. Scientists are continuously working on higher plants to help and understand plant poisonousness and to defend humans and animals from natural toxins. A plant`s toxicity and its medical use are dependent on the plant’s volatile phytochemicals. Thymus vulgaris L is a common aromatic plant used widely as a folk medicine to treat various diseases by different ethnic communities around the globe including the Sultanate of Oman. Previous studies in Oman showed that the selected plant species contains several groups of phytochemicals such as essential oils and secondary metabolic compounds they can enhance their biological and toxicological activities. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to explore the volatile phytochemicals, biological and toxicological features of Thymus vulgaris grown in Oman. The results can be helpful for discovering new drugs to treat asthma, cough, chronic bronchitis and other infectious diseases. In conclusion, this review provides information on the volatile phytochemicals, pharmacological and toxicological aspects of the selected plant species.
Modeling development strategy of tourism companies under the influence of external and internal environment: Evidence from Ukraine
Authors: Fisun Iuliia , Kucher Marharyta , Stebliuk Nataliia , Saihak Yelyzaveta , Prokopenko Olha
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, there is uncertainty in the external environment of tourism infrastructure companies. Such a situation necessitates modeling their behavior in the strategic perspective and identifying key development factors that will minimize the impact of adverse socioeconomic indicators, thus minimizing the likelihood of negative financial outcomes. This is taking place in conditions of development of tourism infrastructure companies in Ukraine and intensified competition with the absence of an appropriate management system in the development, production, and sale of tourism products and services. Thus, this study is highly relevant. The aim of this paper is to model the strategic development of tourism infrastructure using the SWOT methodology and correlation-regression analysis. Based on the diagnosis of trends in tourism infrastructure companies of Ukraine and their environment, an approach to the development strategy of tourism infrastructure companies is proposed. First, market trends in the tourism industry, which is a crucial component of the development strategy of tourism infrastructure, are considered. The essence of the proposed approach is to use the SWOT methodology. The determination of the most significant factors of companies’ internal and external environment is based on multifactor regression-correlation modeling. It is concluded that the general growth of tourism in Ukraine is due solely to the growing demand among the citizens of Ukraine for outbound tourism.
Chemical Priming with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) for Seedling Vigor in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: ÖZKURT Nazlı , BEKTAŞ Yasemin
Published: March 2022

To achieve efficiency in seedling development, the seed must germinate quickly and homogeneously. Pre-sowing applications such as priming are practiced to eliminate or reduce the negative effects of environmental factors through germination and seedling development. This allows to reach a higher germination rate, yield, and desired plant density, especially by protecting against biotic and abiotic stresses. This study was carried out to examine the effects of pre-sowing seed applications on seedling growth and vigor of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Three different doses of β-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA) were used as seed priming agents and Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as control groups. The study was carried out according to the completely randomized factorial design with three replications and ten plants per replication. As a result of priming applications, significantly higher values in the number of roots, longest root length, total root length, average root length and shoot fresh weight were obtained compared to control. Our results, for the first time, showed that seed priming with BABA had a promoting effect on many aspects of early seedling growth in bread wheat. This is a preliminary study to understand the mechanism of seed priming and its effects on germination and root growth in wheat. Further studies may shed light on the molecular mechanisms of BABA or other compounds as seed priming agents, benefits for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, and good stand establishment at the seedling or later stages.
Heuristic potential of transdisciplinary paradigm of regionology
Authors: Deryugin Pavel P.
Published: March 2022

Book review. Title of the monograph: Transdisciplinary Regionology. Irkutsk: ISU Publishing House, 2020. 155 p. Authors: E. V. Kremnev, O. V. Kuznetsova, E. V. Lesnikovskaya; edited by E. F. Serebrennikova
Ebeveynlerin Aşı Öncesi Kaygı Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: CENGİZHAN Sidika Özlem , GÜNEY Esra , UÇAR Tuba
Published: February 2022

Giriş: Araştırma, 0-2 yaş arasında çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin aşı öncesi kaygı düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte yapılan araştırma, Mayıs-Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasında Adıyaman İl merkezine bağlı bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezinde (ASM) yürütüldü. Araştırmaya ASM’ye kayıtlı 0-2 yaş arası çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin tamamı alındı (n=488). Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği (DKÖ) ve Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği (SKÖ) ile toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynlerin DKÖ puan ortalamasının kadınlarda 36,90±8,99, erkeklerde 36,50±10,61 olduğu (p>0,05); SKÖ puan ortalamasının kadınlarda 44,93±8,45, erkeklerde 38,74±8,26 olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Araştırmada ebeveynler arasında 30 yaş ve üzerindekilerin (p=0,004), gelir düzeyi yüksek olanların (p=0,010) ve aşı konusunda kararsız olup yaptıranların (p<0,001) DKÖ puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca ebeveynler arasında okur-yazar olmayanların (p<0,001), gelir düzeyi düşük olanların (p<0,001), çocuğu sağlıklı olmayanların (p=0,008), çocuğunu 18. ayda aşıya getirenlerin (p=0,020), aşı konusunda kararsız olup yaptıranların (p=0,030) ve aşı konusunda bilgi sahibi olmayanların (p=0,026) SKÖ puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçları, aşılama öncesi anne ve babaların durumluk kaygı düzeylerinin benzer olduğu, annelerin yaşadığı sürekli kaygı düzeyinin babalardan daha fazla olduğunu gösterdi. Ayrıca ebeveynlerin durumluk ve sürekli kaygılarının bazı değişkenlerden etkilendiği belirlendi.
Gebelikte Tutarlılık Duygusunun Prenatal Bağlanma ve Perinatal Anksiyete İle İlişkisi
Authors: ATAŞ Ayşe Nur , AKIN Bihter
Published: February 2022

Giriş: Araştırma, gebelik döneminde anne adaylarının tutarlılık duygusu, prenatal bağlanma ve perinatal anksiyete düzeylerinin birbiri ile ilişkisi ve etkileyen faktörleri belirleme amacıyla tanımlayıcı-ilişki arayıcı türde planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma, 154 gebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri; Aralık 2020 – Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bir hastanede toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri kişisel bilgi formu, Revize Edilmiş Duygusal Tutarlılık Ölçeği (RETÖ), Prenatal Bağlanma Envanteri (PBE), Perinatal Anksiyete Tarama Ölçeği (PATÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin RETÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 40,49±5,60, toplam PBE puan ortalamasının 38,02±9,89, toplam PATÖ puan ortalamasının 66,90±17,96 olduğu saptanmıştır. Gebelerin tutarlılık düzeyinin iyi olduğu bulunmuştur. RETÖ ile PBE ve PATÖ toplam puanları arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır. Gebelerde sosyoekonomik düzey ve eğitim durumu ile tutarlılık ve prenatal bağlanma arasında ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca eşlerinden destek gören kadınların prenatal bağlanma düzeyinin daha iyi olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Gebelik süreci kadının yanı sıra yeni doğacak olan bebeğin ve tüm ailenin de yaşamı üzerinde uzun vadeli etkileri olan bir süreçtir. Anne ve bebek sağlığını iyileştirmek için sosyoekonomik düzeyi kötü olan gebelerin belirlenerek gerekli girişimlerin yapılmasına ve baba adaylarına gebelik döneminde eş desteğinin önemine yönelik eğitimlerin verilerek konu ile ilgili farkındalıklarının artırılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
The Psychosocıal Impact of the Covıd-19 Pandemıc On Adolescents: Qualıtatıve Determınatıon of the Experıences of Adolescents And Theır Parents
Authors: DÖNMEZ Hatice , TAŞ ARSLAN Fatma
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatic ramifications all over the world, with unprecedented psychological, social, and economic consequences taking their toll on many people’s lives in addition to increased morbidity and mortality rates. The pandemic has numerous psychosocial impacts on adolescents. This paper focused on adolescents’ and their parents’ views to determine the psychosocial impacts and challenges of the pandemic affecting adolescents. Design and Methods: This study adopted a qualitative phenomenological research design. The sample consisted of nine parents (eight mothers and one father) and nine adolescents. Participation was voluntary. Data were collected online through in-depth interviews, which were audio and video recorded and then transcribed. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants’ experiences were divided into three periods: “initial reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic,” “growing up with the COVID-19 pandemic,” and “post-pandemic future.” Adolescents were nervous and afraid of getting sick and dying. They believed that the pandemic had adverse physical, psychological, behavioral, and academic impacts. They were hopeless about the future.Conclusion: Adolescents growing up with the pandemic face many physical, psychological, academic, and behavioral problems.Practical implications: Healthcare professionals should support adolescents and their parents during the pandemic and adopt multidisciplinary care approaches to help adolescents grow into healthy adults.
Distance of Peritoneum to Inferior Mesenteric Artery Predicts the Operation Time During Laparoscopic Colectomy for Sigmoid or Rectosigmoid Colon Cancer
Authors: SAEKI TAKAFUMI , OTOWA YASUNORI , YAMAZAKI YUTA , ARAI KEISUKE , SHIMIZU TAKASHI , MII YASUHIKO , KAKINOKI KEITARO , OKA SHIGETERU , NAKAMURA TETSU , KURODA DAISUKE
Published: March 2022

Background/Aim: Obesity is a major technical limiting factor for laparoscopic surgery because abundant visceral fat is known to extend the operation time. However, special hardware is needed to assess it. We hypothesized that the depth from the peritoneum to the bifurcation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) defined as ‘peritoneum to IMA distance (PID)’ might be a simple predictive factor for extended operation time during laparoscopic colectomy. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty-four patients who were diagnosed with sigmoid or rectosigmoid colon cancer and underwent laparoscopic colectomy were included. The patients were divided into two groups based on the operation time (210 min). The vertical distance from the peritoneum to the bifurcation of the inferior mesenteric artery was defined as PID. The factors eliciting an operation time longer than 210 min were investigated. Results: There was significant difference in sex, BMI, cT, cN, and PID between the Early group (<210 min) and Late group (≥210 min). Less blood loss was observed in the Early group than in the Late group. Multivariate analysis showed that PID was the only independent factor that affected operation time (p<0.001). Conclusion: PID predicts the operation time during laparoscopic colectomy for sigmoid or rectosigmoid colon cancer.
The Role of Metacognitive Beliefs in Predicting Academic Procrastination Among Students in Iran: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Safari Yahya , Yousefpoor Nasrin
Published: March 2022

Background

Academic procrastination is a challenge that many students face. Metacognitive beliefs are the main cause of academic procrastination because they are one of the main reasons for students' academic failure or progress.

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether and to what extent academic procrastination could be predicted based on students’ metacognitive beliefs.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 300 students selected via stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Procrastination Assessment Scale for Students and the Metacognition Questionnaire-30. The data analysis was done using the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis to estimate the correlation coefficient and predictability of academic procrastination based on metacognitive beliefs.

Results

A significant negative correlation was observed between the subscale of positive beliefs of concern and academic procrastination (r=–0.16; P<.001). In addition, the metacognitive beliefs of the participants predicted 10% of academic procrastination. The component of positive metacognitive beliefs with the β value of 0.45 negatively and significantly predicted the students’ academic procrastination (P<.001), whereas the component of negative metacognitive beliefs with the β value of .39 positively and significantly predicted the students’ academic procrastination (P<.001).

Conclusions

Metacognitive beliefs can predict students' academic procrastination. Therefore, the modification of metacognitive beliefs to reduce procrastination is suggested.
Adaptive Text Messaging for Postpartum Risky Drinking: Conceptual Model and Protocol for an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Dauber Sarah , Beacham Alexa , Hammond Cori , West Allison , Thrul Johannes
Published: March 2022

Background

Risky drinking is prevalent among women of childbearing age. Although many women reduce their drinking during pregnancy, more than half return to prepregnancy levels during the early postpartum period. Risky drinking in new mothers may be associated with negative child and maternal health outcomes; however, new mothers are unlikely to seek treatment for risky drinking because of stigma and fear of child protective service involvement. SMS text messaging is a promising approach for reaching non–treatment-seeking new mothers at risk because of risky drinking. SMS text messaging interventions (TMIs) are empirically supported for alcohol use, but a tailored intervention for new mothers does not exist. This study aims to fill this gap by developing a just-in-time adaptive TMI for postpartum risky drinking.

Objective

The objectives of this paper are to present a preliminary conceptual model of postpartum risky drinking and describe the protocol for conducting an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study with new mothers to inform the refinement of the conceptual model and development of the TMI.

Methods

This paper presents a preliminary conceptual model of postpartum risky drinking based on the motivational model of alcohol use, social cognitive theory, and temporal self-regulation theory. The model proposes three primary intervention targets: motivation, self-efficacy, and self-regulation. Theoretical and empirical literature in support of the conceptual model is described. The paper also describes procedures for a study that will collect EMA data from 30 participants recruited via social media and the perinatal Central Intake system of New Jersey. Following the baseline assessment, EMA surveys will be sent 5 times per day for 14 days. The assessment instruments and data analysis procedures are described.

Results

Recruitment is scheduled to begin in January 2022 and is anticipated to conclude in March 2022. Study results are estimated to be published in July 2022.

Conclusions

The study findings will enhance our understanding of daily and momentary fluctuations in risk and protective factors for risky drinking during the early postpartum period. The findings will be used to refine the conceptual model and inform the development of the TMI. The next steps for this work include the development of intervention components via an iterative participatory design process and testing of the resulting intervention in a pilot microrandomized trial.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/36849
Enabling Eating Detection in a Free-living Environment: Integrative Engineering and Machine Learning Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Bo , Deng Kaiwen , Shen Jie , Cai Lingrui , Ratitch Bohdana , Fu Haoda , Guan Yuanfang
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Monitoring eating is central to the care of many conditions such as diabetes, eating disorders, heart diseases, and dementia. However, automatic tracking of eating in a free-living environment remains a challenge because of the lack of a mature system and large-scale, reliable training set.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to fill in this gap by an integrative engineering and machine learning effort and conducting a large-scale study in terms of monitoring hours on wearable-based eating detection.

METHODS

This prospective, longitudinal, passively collected study, covering 3828 hours of records, was made possible by programming a digital system that streams diary, accelerometer, and gyroscope data from Apple Watches to iPhones and then transfers the data to the cloud.

RESULTS

On the basis of this data collection, we developed deep learning models leveraging spatial and time augmentation and inferring eating at an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.825 within 5 minutes in the general population. In addition, the longitudinal follow-up of the study design encouraged us to develop personalized models that detect eating behavior at an AUC of 0.872. When aggregated to individual meals, the AUC is 0.951. We then prospectively collected an independent validation cohort in a different season of the year and validated the robustness of the models (0.941 for meal-level aggregation).

CONCLUSIONS

The accuracy of this model and the data streaming platform promises immediate deployment for monitoring eating in applications such as diabetic integrative care.
A Roadmap for Boosting Model Generalizability for Predicting Hospital Encounters for Asthma (Preprint)
Authors: Luo Gang
Published: March 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

In the United States, ~9% of people have asthma. Each year, asthma incurs high health care cost and many hospital encounters covering 1.8 million emergency room visits and 439,000 hospitalizations. A small percentage of patients with asthma use most health care resources. To improve outcomes and cut resource use, many health care systems use predictive models to prospectively find high-risk patients and enroll them in care management for preventive care. For maximal benefit from costly care management with limited service capacity, only patients at the highest risk should be enrolled. However, prior models built by others miss >50% of true highest-risk patients and mislabel many low-risk patients as high risk, leading to suboptimal care and wasted resources. To address this issue, 3 site-specific models were recently built to predict hospital encounters for asthma, gaining up to >11% better performance. However, these models do not generalize well across sites and patient subgroups, creating 2 gaps before translating these models into clinical use. This paper points out these 2 gaps and outlines 2 corresponding solutions: (1) a new machine learning technique to create cross-site generalizable predictive models to accurately find high-risk patients and (2) a new machine learning technique to automatically raise model performance for poorly performing subgroups while maintaining model performance on other subgroups. This gives a roadmap for future research.