bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF FUEL ADDITIVES SO-2E ON DIESEL ENGINE EXHAUST EMISSION
Authors: Labeckas Gvidonas , Slavinskas Stasys
Published: February 2019

One of the methods that allows substantially to reduce exhaust smoke of diesel engines and avoid possible damage of the environment by harmful emissions is the usage of multipurpose fuel additives. The efficiency of new Estonian made fuel additives SO-2E, that have been introduced recently for the experts attention, was investigated in small heating boilers and low-powered ships. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of fuel additives SO-2E on the performance of a high-speed direct injection diesel engine in order to evaluate some of quantitative composition changes of the exhaust gases especially environmentally harmful nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides and smoke emissions.

Bench tests have been performed on the four-stroke, four-cylinder, water-cooled direct injection diesel engine D-243 with splash volume Vl = 4,75 dm3 and compression ratio ɛ = 16:1. Test results show that the application of diesel fuel additives SO-2E in proportion 1:500 (0,2 % by volume) at engine rated power reduces nitrogen monoxides NO and common NOx emission by 11,54 and 9,64 % respectively, however the amount of NO2 in totally diminished background of nitrogen oxides increases by 7,39 %. On the other hand, when running the engine at moderate (bmpe = 0,35 MPa) load, the fuel additives reduce emissions of all nitrogen components - NO by 16,1 %, NO2 by 11,8 % and NOx by 15,7 %. The influence of fuel additives on the amount of carbon monoxides in the exhausts seems to be more complicated. At engine rated speed/power fuel additives increase CO emission by 12,5 %, but as soon as engine load increases and revolution frequency drops down to the maximal torque area n = 1600-1800 min-1, they reduce the amount of CO in the exhaust gases on the average 20–28 %. It is important to notice that the changes in the smoke emission remain in close association with CO emissions. At certain revolution frequencies and moderate load the fuel additives SO-2E lead to noticeable reduction of the exhaust smoke, however at engine rated power and speed the smoke emission is obtained approximately 5 – 10 % higher. In spite of dissimilar influence of the fuel additives SO-2E on the quantities of CO produced and exhaust smoke it would be worth to apply them in high-speed DI diesel engines in order to reduce nitrogen oxides NOx emission.
DATA MINING APPLICATIONS IN TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Authors: Barai Sudhir Kumar
Published: February 2019

Data mining is the extraction of implicit, previously unknown and potentially useful information from data. In recent time, data mining studies have been carried out in many engineering disciplines. In this paper the background of data mining and tools is introduced. Further applications of data mining to transportation engineering problems are reviewed. The application of data mining for typical example of ‘Vehicle Crash Study’ is demonstrated using commercially available data mining tool. The paper highlights the potential of data mining tool application in transportation engineering sector.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF EXTERNAL TRANSPORT COST EVALUATION IN THE CONTEXT OF LITHUANIA'S INTEGRATION INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Išoraitė Margarita
Published: February 2019

The accepted accession to the European Union in Lithuanian internal transportation is regulated by the coordination of national legal acts with the international conventions arid documents of various international organisations. This process was particularly accelerated when Lithuania started negotiations on the accession to the European Union. Future transport pricing policy of Lithuania has two objectives — to guarantee the covering of operational costs and to strive for economic efficiency. These objectives should not be coincident. Economic, institutional and legal refonns in Lithuania are implemented with the aim to co-ordinate the standards and regulations effective in Lithuania with the acts of the European Union. In the article on the basis of pricing of the peak, the social marginal, the environmental costs referring to the advanced research of Western and US scientists, were analysed and improved the evaluation of external Lithuanian transport costs and economic methods enabling the integration of external transport costs into the internal costs were offered. The improvement of external cost evaluation will enable the integration of external transport costs in line with the EU standards. One of the most actual problems of Lithuania is the growth of environmental impact and social subsequences caused by the increase of transport in Lithuania: Increasing traffic jams, air pollution, growing rates of accidents and noise emission are the main problems of the Lithuanian transport system. Thus, in transport system, besides the internal costs, there exist the external costs that are not reflected in transport cost price. These costs are caused by air pollution, worsened health condition of people, decreased agrarian fertility, increased water pollution, etc. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate these external transport costs and to propose the ways of their reduction as well as their inclusion into the transportation price. The methodological basis of the article is the method of systematic and multicriteria! analysis aiming at the evaluation of the necessity of the inclusion of external transport costs into the transport price with the attitude towards the national and the carrier's positions. Research work of Western and US scientists was referred to the grounding of the necessity of external transport costs in Lithuania. Having analysed the experience of the scientists of US and Western countries, as well as the practice of Lithuanian scientists, a methodology for the evaluation of external transport costs in the country was offered. The application of the EU standards is tackled as well. Most ideas suggested in the article could be valuable for further formation and enhancement of external costs of economic technique in Lithuania thus approaching the national pricing to the EU standard system. The evaluation made in the article shall be applied for the implementation of external transport cost evaluation technique in Lithuanian transport.
MOTIVATIONS AND BENEFITS OF ISO SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION IN TRANSPORTATION-RELATED COMPANIES: MARKETING ASPECT OF ISO
Authors: Ivanauskienė Laima , Urbonavičius Sigitas
Published: February 2019

The paper analyses the effects of ISO system implementation and certification. It separately reviews motivations to implement ISO system and benefits after the system implementation. The authors analyse motivations and benefits that are internal (managerial) and external (mainly — marketing type). The analysis is performed on the basis of the survey of Lithuanian companies, comparing findings with similar research in other countries. Industry (sectorial) specifics is analysed on the basis of transportation-related companies group.
MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO THE INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT TRANSPORT
Authors: Bazaras Darius , Palšaitis Ramūnas
Published: February 2019

In the article not only the problems of multi-modal and inter-modal conveyances in Lithuania and the concept of transit and the transit system stimulating factors are analysed, but also the modelling of transit transport and the flows of the loads are given. The main part of the article comes to the analysis of resent situation of Lithuania. In this part the place of transport sector in the market of transit services is analysed and the transit profit for Lithuanian economy is evaluated. The conclusions and proposals are given at the end of the article.
The Faint End of the Centaurus A Satellite Luminosity Function
Authors: Crnojević D. , Sand D. J. , Bennet P. , Pasetto S. , Spekkens K. , Caldwell N. , Guhathakurta P. , McLeod B. , Seth A. , Simon J. D. , Strader J. , Toloba E.
Published: February 2019

The Panoramic Imaging Survey of Centaurus and Sculptor (PISCeS) is constructing a wide-field map of the resolved stellar populations in the extended halos of these two nearby, prominent galaxies. We present new Magellan/Megacam imaging of a ∼3 deg2 area around Centaurus A (Cen A), which filled in much of our coverage to its south, leaving a nearly complete halo map out to a projected radius of ∼150 kpc and allowing us to identify two new resolved dwarf galaxies. We have additionally obtained deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical imaging of 11 out of the 13 candidate dwarf galaxies identified around Cen A and presented in Crnojević et al. 2016a: seven are confirmed to be satellites of Cen A, while four are found to be background galaxies. We derive accurate distances, structural parameters, luminosities, and photometric metallicities for the seven candidates confirmed by our HST/ACS imaging. We further study the stellar population along the ∼60 kpc long (in projection) stream associated with Dw3, which likely had an initial brightness of M

V
 ∼ −15 and shows evidence for a metallicity gradient along its length. Using the total sample of 11 dwarf satellites discovered by the PISCeS survey, as well as 13 brighter previously known satellites of Cen A, we present a revised galaxy luminosity function for the Cen A group down to a limiting magnitude of M

V
 ∼ −8, which has a slope of −1.14 ± 0.17, comparable to that seen in the Local Group and in other nearby groups of galaxies.
Dissipation Scale Lengths of Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Raja K. Sasikumar , Subramanian Prasad , Ingale Madhusudan , Ramesh R.
Published: February 2019

Knowing the lengthscales at which turbulent fluctuations dissipate is key to understanding the nature of weakly compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. We use radio wavelength interferometric imaging observations that measure the extent to which distant cosmic sources observed against the inner solar wind are scatter-broadened. We interpret these observations to determine that the dissipation scales of solar wind density turbulence at heliocentric distances of 2.5–20.27 R
⊙ range from ≈13500 to 520 m. Our estimates from ≈10 to 20 R
⊙ suggest that the dissipation scale corresponds to the proton gyroradius. They are relevant to in situ observations to be made by the Parker Solar Probe and are expected to enhance our understanding of solar wind acceleration.
Accurate Identification of Galaxy Mergers with Imaging
Authors: Nevin R. , Blecha L. , Comerford J. , Greene J.
Published: February 2019

Merging galaxies play a key role in galaxy evolution, and progress in our understanding of galaxy evolution is slowed by the difficulty of making accurate galaxy merger identifications. We use GADGET-3 hydrodynamical simulations of merging galaxies with the dust radiative transfer code SUNRISE to produce a suite of merging galaxies that span a range of initial conditions. This includes simulated mergers that are gas poor and gas rich, and that have a range of mass ratios (minor and major). We adapt the simulated images to the specifications of the SDSS imaging survey and develop a merging galaxy classification scheme that is based on this imaging. We leverage the strengths of seven individual imaging predictors (Gini, M
20, concentration, asymmetry, clumpiness, Sérsic index, and shape asymmetry) by combining them into one classifier that utilizes Linear Discriminant Analysis. It outperforms individual imaging predictors in accuracy, precision, and merger observability timescale (>2 Gyr for all merger simulations). We find that the classification depends strongly on mass ratio and depends weakly on the gas fraction of the simulated mergers; asymmetry is more important for the major mergers, while concentration is more important for the minor mergers. This is a result of the relatively disturbed morphology of major mergers and the steadier growth of stellar bulges during minor mergers. Since mass ratio has the largest effect on the classification, we create separate classification approaches for minor and major mergers that can be applied to SDSS imaging or adapted for other imaging surveys.
Infrequent Occurrence of Significant Linear Polarization in Hα Solar Flares
Authors: Kawate Tomoko , Hanaoka Yoichiro
Published: February 2019

We performed statistical and event studies of linear polarization in the Hα line during solar flares. The statistical study revealed that, among 71 Hα flares analyzed, including 64 GOES flares, only one event shows significant linear polarization signals. Such an infrequent occurrence of significant linear polarization in solar flares is consistent with the result by Bianda et al., who studied 30 flares and found no polarization signals. In the event showing the significant polarization, the maximum degree of linear polarization was 1.16% ± 0.06%, and the average direction of the polarization deviated by −142.°5 ± 6.°0 from the solar north. The observed polarization degrees and the directions are consistent with the preceding reports. These strong linear polarization signals did not appear at major flare ribbons, nor did they correlate with either hard or soft X-ray emissions temporally or spatially. Instead, they appeared at a minor flare kernel, which corresponds to one of the footpoints of a coronal loop. The active region caused coronal dimming after the soft X-ray peak. The observed flare shows no direct evidence that the linear polarization is produced by high-energy particles, which are often considered to generate the polarization. On the other hand, our study suggests the possibility that coronal mass ejections, which have been often observed in flares showing linear polarization signals, play an important role for exciting linear polarization at Hα flare kernels.
Neutrino Oscillations and Decoherence in Short-GRB Progenitors
Authors: Penacchioni A. V. , Civitarese O.
Published: February 2019

Neutrinos are produced in cosmic accelerators, like active galactic nuclei, blazars, supernova remnants and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). On their way to the Earth they experience flavor oscillations. The interactions of the neutrinos coming from the source with other particles, e.g., intergalactic primordial neutrinos or heavy-mass right-handed neutrinos, on their way to the detector may transform the original wavepacket in pointer states. This phenomenon, known as decoherence, becomes important in the reconstruction of processes at the source. In this work, we study neutrino emission in short GRBs by adopting the Fireshell Model. We consider e
−
e
+-pair annihilation as the main channel for neutrino production. We compare the properties of the neutrino flux with the characteristic photon signal produced once the transparency condition is reached. We study the effects of flavor oscillations and decoherence as neutrinos travel from the region near the black hole event horizon outward. We consider the source to be in thermal equilibrium and calculate energy distribution functions for electrons and neutrinos. To compute the effects of decoherence we use a Gaussian model. In this scenario, the emitted electron–neutrinos transform into pointer states consisting of 67.8% electron–neutrinos and 32.2% as a combination of mu and tau neutrinos. We found that decoherence plays an important role in the evolution of the neutrino wavepacket, leading to the detected pointer states on Earth.
Forecasting the Ambient Solar Wind with Numerical Models. I. On the Implementation of an Operational Framework
Authors: Reiss Martin A. , MacNeice Peter J. , Mays Leila M. , Arge Charles N. , Möstl Christian , Nikolic Ljubomir , Amerstorfer Tanja
Published: February 2019

The ambient solar wind conditions in interplanetary space and in the near-Earth environment are determined by activity on the Sun. Steady solar wind streams modulate the propagation behavior of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and are themselves an important driver of recurrent geomagnetic storm activity. The knowledge of the ambient solar wind flows and fields is thus an essential component of successful space weather forecasting. Here, we present an implementation of an operational framework for operating, validating, and optimizing models of the ambient solar wind flow on the example of Carrington Rotation 2077. We reconstruct the global topology of the coronal magnetic field using the potential field source surface model (PFSS) and the Schatten current sheet model (SCS) and discuss three empirical relationships for specifying the solar wind conditions near the Sun, namely the Wang–Sheeley (WS) model, the distance from the coronal hole boundary model (DCHB), and the Wang–Sheeley–Arge (WSA) model. By adding uncertainty in the latitude about the sub-Earth point, we select an ensemble of initial conditions and map the solutions to Earth by the Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation (HUX) model. We assess the forecasting performance from a continuous variable validation and find that the WSA model most accurately predicts the solar wind speed time series (RMSE ≈ 83 km s−1). We note that the process of ensemble forecasting slightly improves the forecasting performance of all solar wind models investigated. We conclude that the implemented framework is well suited for studying the relationship between coronal magnetic fields and the properties of the ambient solar wind flow in the near-Earth environment.
Bolometric Treatment of Irradiation Effects: General Discussion and Application to Binary Stars
Authors: Horvat Martin , Conroy Kyle E. , Jones David , Prša Andrej
Published: February 2019

A general framework for dealing with irradiation effects in the bolometric sense—specifically, reflection with heat absorption and the consequent redistribution of the absorbed heat—for systems of astrophysical bodies where the boundaries are used as support for the description of the processes, is presented. Discussed are its mathematical and physical properties, as well as its implementation approximations, with a focus on three plausible redistribution processes (uniform, latitudinal, and local redistribution). These are tested by extending PHOEBE 2.1 (http://phoebe-project.org/), the open-source package for modeling eclipsing binaries, and applied to a toy model of the known two-body eclipsing systems.
Environmental awareness: The case of climate change
Authors: Weber Shlomo , Wiesmeth Hans
Published: February 2019

The extent of provision of a public good often relies on social awareness and public support for it. This applies, in particular, to global reduction of greenhouse gases and its relevance for mitigating climate change. We examine the concept of “public awareness” by introducing a formal model that analyzes efforts to mitigate climate change in a setting with heterogeneous countries. In the theoretical part we examine the Nash equilibrium of the contribution game. The effects of awareness and economic parameters on mitigation efforts can be disentangled, raising the possibility of linking awareness of climate change with economic wealth. The second part provides some empirical observations and offers the rankings of countries regarding awareness for climate change, as well as an empirical relationship between awareness and economic wealth.
Music Therapy and Physical Activity to Ease Anxiety, Restlessness, Irritability, and Aggression in Individuals With Dementia With Signs of Frontotemporal Lobe Degeneration
Authors: Langhammer Birgitta , Sagbakken Mette , Kvaal Kari , Ulstein Ingun , Nåden Dagfinn , Rognstad May Karin
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate whether a combined intervention of physical activity and music therapy could reduce anxiety, restlessness, irritability, and aggression among individuals with severe dementia. An exploratory design was used to evaluate a combined intervention of physical activity, music therapy, and daily walking. Interventions were systematically implemented for 8 weeks. Target groups were individuals with dementia with frontal lobe symptoms in institutional care. Primary outcome measure was the Brøset Violence Checklist (BVC). Four men and two women (mean age = 84.3 years) and their primary caretakers (
n
= 6) participated. The most prominent symptoms among participants at baseline were confusion, irritability, and verbal threats. The individual BVC total scores indicated significant improvements (
p
= 0.03). Implementation of individualized music therapy combined with increased physical activity for 8 weeks was a feasible intervention that reduced anxiety, restlessness, irritability, and aggression in the current study. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(5), 29–37.]
Birth Control Management for the Primary Care Provider
Authors: Dawson Rachel S.
Published: February 2019

Contraceptive management is occurring more frequently in the primary care setting. Pediatricians should be familiar with the most common methods of contraception due to the fact that families are comfortable seeking care for their adolescents at the primary care office for these types of concerns. Contraceptive methods are often used for noncontraceptive benefits as well, which makes it even more important to feel comfortable prescribing contraceptives at pediatricians' offices.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(2):e51–e55.]
Common Annular Lesions in the Pediatric Population: Part 1
Authors: Schadler Eric D. , Kamat Deepak
Published: February 2019

Dermatologic presentations can quickly become overwhelming for clinicians due to the vast number of causes for these conditions. Characteristics of a rash, such as shape, color, size, and distribution, can significantly narrow the differential diagnosis. A solid framework to organize these presentations is critical for correctly identifying and treating skin issues. The shape of a rash, for instance, can serve as a foundation from which to build complex differential diagnoses. Annular rashes in the pediatric population are common complaints requiring clinical evaluation. This article is the first part of a two-part review that discusses some of the most frequent causes of these annular lesions in the pediatric population. Knowledge of these rashes can drastically improve a physician's ability to manage dermatologic issues. [

Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(2):e92–e96.

]
Significance of Autophagy in Dengue Virus Infection: A Brief Review
Authors: Acharya Bishwanath , Gyeltshen Sonam , Chaijaroenkul Wanna , Na-Bangchang Kesara
Published: February 2019

Dengue virus (DENV) causes asymptomatic to severe life-threatening infections and affects millions of people worldwide. Autophagy, a cellular degradative pathway, has both proviral and antiviral functions. Dengue virus triggers the autophagy pathway for the successful replication of its genome. However, the exact mechanism and the viral factors involved in activating this pathway remain unclear. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on the mechanism of autophagy induction and its significance during DENV infection.
A Personal Account Regarding the Origin and Evolution of Controversies in the Management of Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Del Brutto Oscar H.
Published: February 2019

A panel of experts from the Infectious Disease Society of America and The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene recently published guidelines for management of neurocysticercosis, showing that clinical manifestations as well as the stage of involution and the anatomical location of parasites must be taken into account before the start of a rational therapy. Soon thereafter, isolated opinions attempted to discredit these guidelines, arguing insufficient or inadequate evidence and suggesting that they should not be followed worldwide. In view of these conflicting reports, it is appropriate to review the origin and evolution of the controversy on the medical treatment of neurocysticercosis.
Technical Information Report on Automotive Battery Recycling
Authors:   Battery Standards Recycling Committee
Published: February 2019

This document will focus on the language used to describe batteries at the end of battery or vehicle life as batteries are transitioned to the recycler, dismantler, or other third party. This document also provides a compilation of current recycling technologies and flow sheets, and their application to different battery chemistries at the end of battery life. At the time of document authorship, the technical information cited is most applicable to Li-ion battery type rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS), but the language used is not to be limited by chemistry of the battery systems and is generally applicable to other RESS.
Pedagogic Corpora for Content and Language Integrated Learning. Insights from the BACKBONE Project
Authors: Kohn Kurt
Published: February 2019

BACKBONE is a European LLP/Languages project (1) (Jan 2009 - Feb 2011), whose overall objective is to provide foreign language teachers in CLIL settings with innovative language learning solutions. To achieve this goal, pedagogic corpora of spoken interviews are combined with corpus-related e-learning activities in blended learning scenarios. The seven BACKBONE corpora contain video interviews in English, German, French, Polish, Spanish and Turkish as well as in European manifestations of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF). The interviews have been transcribed and pedagogically annotated with regard to thematic and linguistic features; additional enrichment resources include ready-made language learning modules as well as suggestions and instructions for exploratory and communicative learning activities. The BACKBONE search interface provides free online access to the interviews and enrichment resources. It supports pedagogically motivated searches using thematic and linguistic categories as well as lexical searches with words and phrases. 24 CLIL-related pilot courses have been implemented and evaluated in secondary, higher and vocational education; they demonstrate how BACKBONE search results can be used to facilitate individual and collaborative learning in Moodle-based blended learning activities. A suite of pedagogic corpus tools covering transcription, annotation, management of enrichment resources and corpus search is available under a GNU General Public License. The customization and flexibility these tools offer enables teachers to cater to diverse language learning and teaching needs in CLIL contexts or in connection with lesser taught languages and varieties. To facilitate exploitation, the BACKBONE website serves as a ‘one-stop-shop’ for an ensemble of teacher support facilities including web support for the development and hosting of “guest” corpora and courses.
A set of free cross-platform authoring programs for flexible web-based CALL exercises
Authors: O’Brien Myles
Published: February 2019

The Mango Suite is a set of three freely downloadable cross-platform authoring programs for flexible network-based CALL exercises. They are Adobe Air applications, so they can be used on Windows, Macintosh, or Linux computers, provided the freely-available Adobe Air has been installed on the computer. The exercises which the programs generate are all Adobe Flash based. The three programs are: (1) Mango-multi, which constructs multiple-choice exercises with an optional sound and/or image; (2) Mango-match, which is for word/phrase matching exercises, and has an added feature intended to promote memorization, whereby an item must be matched correctly not once but an optional consecutive number of times; (3) Mango-gap, which produces seamless gap filling exercises, where the gaps can be as small as desired, down to the level of individual letters, and correction feedback is similarly detailed. Sounds may also be inserted at any desired points within the text, so that it is suitable for listening or dictation exercises. Each exercise generated by any of the programs is produced in the form of a folder containing all of the necessary files for immediate upload and deployment (except that if sound files are used in a Mango-gap exercise, they must be copied to the folder manually). The html file in which the flash exercise is embedded may be edited in any way to suit the user, and an xml file controlling the appearance of the exercise itself may be edited through a wysiwyg interface in the authoring program. The programs aim to combine ease of use with features not available in other authoring programs, toprovide a useful teaching and research tool.
The Challenges of Blended Learning: Critically Evaluating the Chinese Language Case
Authors: Hu Bo
Published: February 2019

This article reviews the Mid-Career Development Chinese Language course (MCDCL) funded by the British Inter-university China Centre, a project funded from various public sources in the UK. The discussion focuses on how and why the MCDCL course has adopted the blended learning construct and with what outcomes. Using two frameworks for blended learning – the Community of Inquiry and the Sloan-C Pillars – it offers a thorough examination of the MCDCL course, and discusses the results of a survey which was devised to collect feedback from participants on the course. The article concludes that the MCDCL course throws up particular challenges for the blended learning concept as a whole. A detailed evaluation highlights areas for attention ranging from how the course is organised and workloads are balanced, to the approach of teachers in their level of involvement in distance learning, and the overall management of the course with regard to the use of technology, cost-effectiveness and a host of other considerations.
Do tráfico de escravos à internet: rotas sul-atlânticas, integração territorial e a nascente geografia dos cabos submarinos
Authors: Gomes de Jesus Neto Antonio
Published: February 2019

Pelos cabos submarinos de fibra ótica passa, hoje, a quase totalidade do tráfego de internet em escala mundial. A profusão destes cabos pelos principais oceanos passa também pelo Atlântico Sul, onde atualmente estão instalados, ou em projeto, 4 cabos conectando diretamente o Brasil à África. Uma análise das rotas selecionadas sugere, porém, a continuidade geográfica de um longo processo histórico de integração territorial que se iniciou de maneira violenta com o tráfico de escravos ainda no século XVI. Da mesma maneira, foram sempre alguns poucos agentes privados, apoiados por Estados-nacionais, os principais operadores desta integração, que apesar de inicialmente violenta hoje se insere no assim denominado processo de Cooperação Sul-Sul.

Palavras-chave: Cabos submarinos, Integração territorial, Brasil-África, Atlântico Sul
Identidade e mobilização quilombola na Amazônia Marajoara
Authors: Lima Gomes Dérick , Schmitz Heribert , De Oliveira Bringel Fabiano
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a identidade coletiva quilombola à luz das teorias dos movimentos sociais, mais especificamente por meio de contribuições da Teoria do Processo Político e da Teoria dos Novos Movimentos Sociais. O debate conecta-se ao entendimento das práticas que permitem a manutenção e o fortalecimento da identificação do grupo social. A pesquisa foi realizada em Salvaterra (PA), por meio de entrevistas, observações diretas, anotações e levantamento bibliográfico-documental. A identificação quilombola no município iniciou-se com a reivindicação dos títulos definitivos dos territórios, mas não se limitou a isso, pois se criaram práticas e eventos que valorizam a imagem dos quilombos. A (re)construção de símbolos procura fortalecer a identidade do grupo, que tem caráter estratégico, cognitivo e mobilizador.A combinação teórica utilizada permitiu compreender que, embora as Estruturas de Oportunidades Políticas influenciem a origem dos movimentos, a sua durabilidade, o seu fortalecimento e as suas conquistas não dependem apenas de ações essencialmente políticas, mas da formação de sentimentos de pertencimento auma unidade comum, possível com o processo de identificação. Palavras-chave: Identidade, Mobilização, Quilombolas, Marajó
Evaluation of Academic Experience in Learning Education over Simulators Softwares
Authors: Gouvea da Silva Carlos Alexandre , Santos Edson Leonardo dos , Pelacini Douglas Antonio Firmino
Published: February 2019

This article presents an overview of simulated education through computational tools. In recent years, educational institutions have been working even harder in the application of virtual teaching and learning environments, which are available to different undergraduate and technical courses. During the learning process, the student is invited to try out some forms of different subjects and learning contents. The use of technologies gained a great deal of space in these institutions in order to allow students to experiment different theories in practical settings. Simulators allow students to conduct hands-on experiments without the need for real environments, which consequently generates costs and also a planning effort. This paper presents a study of the application of software simulators in different technological courses. After the application of the simulators, the students were invited to answer a Quiz in order to understand the effectiveness of the use of the simulators in the learning of each one. Results show that students considered the use of simulators to be advantageous and important, but it is still not enough to suppress the use of practical classes in real environments.
Reconstrução de trânsito intestinal: fatores que influenciam a realização
Authors: Aguiar Janderson Cleiton , Pereira Adriana Pelegrini dos Santos , Pinto Maria Helena
Published: February 2019

Objetivou-se identificar os fatores que influenciam na reconstrução do trânsito intestinal em pessoas com estoma provisório. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo–analítico, quantitativo, participaram 117 pessoas com estoma provisório, que foram entrevistados, abordando aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e motivo da não reconstrução do estoma até o momento da coleta dos dados, foi realizada análise descritiva das variáveis, com aplicação de testes para verificar a existência de relação entre os motivos de demora para reconstrução com as demais variáveis. A maioria era do sexo masculino, a neoplasia predominou como patologia que determinou a construção do estoma, as cirurgias foram de urgência, sendo a colectomia a mais frequente. A idade influencia tanto na causa do estoma como na não reconstrução, assim como a presença de comorbidades e a persistência da causa pré-cirúrgica, o que leva à reflexão sobre a importância de ações de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças intestinais.
Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH): confiabilidade interobservadores na avaliação de úlceras venosas
Authors: Rodrigues Alves Gabriela , Gomes Malaquias Suelen , Bachion Maria Márcia
Published: February 2019

Objetivou-se avaliar a confiabilidade interobservadores da Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing(PUSH), em pacientes com úlceras venosas. Trata-se de pesquisa metodológica, realizada em salas de curativos de unidades ambulatoriais de saúde, no período de junho de 2016 a agosto de 2017. Participaram 10 enfermeiras, que realizaram 46 observações em 35 lesões. Cada observação foi realizada por uma enfermeira de referência para a avaliação considerada padrão ouro e duas enfermeiras participantes da pesquisa como sujeito. Para análise de concordância, utilizou-se o índice Kappa e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Valores de Kappa das subescalas variaram de 0,6 a 0,85 (p<0,001). Houve concordância interobservador muito boa para “área” e “quantidade exsudato” e boa para “tipo de tecido” e “escore total”. Os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse foram > 0,9 o que indica excelente confiabilidade. Conclui-se que a PUSH apresenta confiabilidade interobservador satisfatória para avaliação de úlceras venosas.
Prevalência dos diagnósticos de enfermagem respiratórios em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal
Authors: Mesquita de Sousa Tamires , Martins da Silva Viviane , Cavalcante Fontenele Fernanda , Venícios de Oliveira Lopes Marcos , Ramos Araújo Alline , Viana Cardoso Dantas Anna Virgínia , Dias Vieira Larissa Gabrielle , Alteniza Leandro Tânia
Published: February 2019

Identificar a prevalência dos diagnósticos de enfermagem: Padrão respiratório ineficaz (PRI), Troca de gases prejudicada (TGP) e Ventilação espontânea prejudicada (VEP) e de seus indicadores clínicos em recém-nascidos internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Estudo de abordagem quantitativa, transversal, com 154 recém-nascidos. Os dados foram coletados pela inspeção e avaliação da gasometria. Para análise, foram utilizados: Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste exato de Fisher. Os diagnósticos apresentaram prevalência elevada: VEP 94,2%; TGP 88,3% e PRI 87,7%. Dispneia e Uso aumentado de musculatura acessória foram os indicadores clínicos mais prevalentes de VEP e PRI. Para TGP, Dispneia e Cor da pele anormal. A associação evidenciou correlação significante para alguns indicadores prevalentes: dispneia, pressão parcial de oxigênio diminuída/hipoxemia, uso aumentado de musculatura acessória, padrão respiratório anormal, taquipneia, bradpneia, dióxido de carbono diminuído e gases sanguíneos arteriais.VEP, TGP e PRI apresentaram alta prevalência em recém-nascidos das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva.
Uma Perspectiva Crítica do Novo Regime Fiscal para a Dinâmica de Curto e Longo Prazo da Economia brasileira
Authors: Pereira Hugo Carcanholo Iasco , Tarik Tanure Tarik , Teixeira André , Missio Fabricio José
Published: February 2019

O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar uma perspectiva crítica à ideologia do “não há alternativa” presente no Novo Regime Fiscal para a dinâmica de curto e longo prazo da economia brasileira. Para tanto, o trabalho inicialmente analisa a situação dos principais agregados macroeconômicos da economia brasileira no triênio 2014-2016, destacando a recessão e o problema fiscal. Em seguida, analisam-se criticamente dois elementos: o primeiro, mais associado ao longo prazo, refere-se a distribuição de recursos no orçamento e os impactos nos gastos em capital humano (educação e saúde) e, o segundo (curto prazo), refere-se ao argumento de Meirelles de que a política fiscal tornar-se-á anticíclica e que, além disto, promoverá o crescimento econômico. No primeiro caso, demonstra-se que os graus de liberdade para as realocações orçamentárias são mínimos e que o “teto dos gastos” na verdade pode acabar reduzindo drasticamente a oferta de serviços públicos, sobretudo em educação superior e no financiamento a atividades de inovação, o que significa a reafirmação da condição de subdesenvolvimento. No segundo caso, demonstra-se que a introdução de rigidez (inércia) na economia pode mitigar o mecanismo fiscal supostamente anticíclico, especialmente em um quadro recessivo. Por fim, apresenta-se uma perspectiva crítica do “modelo” econômico presente no diagnóstico que embasou o novo regime fiscal. A conclusão é de que as soluções propostas para resolver a crise fiscal e econômica são questionáveis e configuram uma aposta altamente arriscada.
Estudar, trabalhar ou alocar o tempo de outra maneira? Decisões dos jovens do sexo masculino no Brasil Metropolitano entre 2002 e 2015
Authors: Costa Resende Anne Caroline , Furlan Antigo Mariangela , Balbino Tomás de Faria , Mattos Borges Carolina Guinesi
Published: February 2019

Este artigo busca estudar as decisões dos jovens de 18 a 24 anos do sexo masculino entre estudar, pertencer à pea ou alocar o tempo de outra maneira. A análise compreende o período entre 2002 a 2015, baseada nos dados da Pesquisa Mensal de Emprego do IBGE, quando esta tem sua série encerrada. Aplicada a seis regiões metropolitanas do país, a saber, Recife, Salvador, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Porto Alegre, os resultados apontam taxas de desocupação e de inatividade mais expressivas para jovens residentes nas regiões metropolitanas de Recife e de Salvador enquanto Porto Alegre figura com as menores taxas. Diferenças ainda mais evidentes ao se considerar a escolaridade dos jovens, com destaque para o grupo de 8 a 10 anos de estudo, no qual a taxa de inatividade da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro se destaca entre as mais altas. O emprego de matrizes de transição mostra um aumento na alocação do tempo em não estudar e não pertencer à população economicamente ativa (pea), com maior expressão para as regiões metropolitanas do Nordeste. Além disso, estimativas para cada região de um modelo logit multinomial, considerando a possibilidade de o jovem pertencer à pea e estar estudando, pertencer à pea e não estudar, não pertencer à pea e estudar e, ainda, não pertencer à pea e não estudar no período atual, mostram uma dependência temporal significativa da posição na qual ele se encontrava no ano anterior, evidenciando dificuldades para realizar transições, principalmente para aqueles que não se encontram na pea e não estudam. Jovens pretos e pardos, na condição de filhos, com menores níveis de escolaridade apresentam maior probabilidade de não pertencer à pea e não frequentar a escola. Fatores macroeconômicos contribuem para esse comportamento no período mais recente.
Política Energética do II Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento: teoria, resultados e reflexões
Authors: Machado João Victor
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar, a partir de uma leitura de política industrial como estratégia de desenvolvimento, as perspectivas e os resultados da Política Energética do II Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento, especificamente, avaliar se há evidências para afirmar que o plano transformou a estrutura energética do país. Do ponto de vista metodológico, procura-se primeiro discutir os fundamentos teóricos que norteiam a implementação desse tipo de política, e posteriormente, resgatar o quadro energético do período durante e após a implementação do plano, avaliando quais foram às respostas orientadas pelo Estado sobre a estrutura produtiva. Os resultados indicam mudança da estrutura energética, com queda da dependência em relação ao petróleo e aumento da participação das hidrelétricas na geração de energia.
A PERCEPÇÃO DE NATUREZA E AS PRÁTICAS PRODUTIVAS DOS CAMPONESES DOS ASSENTAMENTOS SANTA RITA E TRÊS PONTES (GO)
Authors: Benincá Mainara Da Costa , Ribeiro Dinalva Donizete , De Oliveira Raquel Maria
Published: February 2019

A terra para as famílias camponesas é vista como um meio de vida, de trabalho e de lazer, um local de troca simbiótica e de uso dos saberes herdados. Porém a (re)territorialização camponesa não ocorre de forma linear e estruturada, cada assentamento, propriedade, comunidade, possui suas especificidades. Discussão essa que deu origem ao presente artigo, que analisa a percepção da natureza pelos camponeses dos Assentamentos Santa Rita (município de Jataí-GO) e Três Pontes (município de Perolândia-GO), a partir da organização produtiva de ambos. Dessa maneira, fizeram-se necessários alguns procedimentos metodológicos, como a pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de dar o embasamento teórico, a coleta de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, por meio de observações participantes e entrevistas semiestruturadas com trinta por cento das famílias de cada assentamento supracitado, bem como a confecção de mapas mentais, junto aos camponeses. Verificou-se que as realidades entre os assentamentos se diferem no sentido de autonomia e soberania alimentar, tendo em vista que o Assentamento Santa Rita se encontra em situação mais favorável, sendo que mantém uma diversidade de produção e usam de forma mais sustentável sua terra.
GÊNESE DA RACIONALIDADE AMBIENTAL UTÓPICA
Authors: FELÍCIO MUNIR JORGE
Published: February 2019

O desafio deste texto consiste em incentivar o trabalho do pesquisador interdisciplinar ao contribuir na descoberta e/ou na criação de novas áreas e novos significados para ampliar sua compreensão sobre a questão ambiental. A racionalidade ambiental utópica dinamizará a sistematicidade e a complexidade por entender a questão ambiental como a desproporcionalidade do uso dos recursos naturais em atender as necessidades humanas básicas ou artificiais. Diante da escassez e do limite dos recursos naturais o desafio consiste em ampliar tais recursos e não esgotá-los como vem promovendo o avanço do sistema capitalista desde a Revolução Industrial. A racionalidade ambiental utópica não só é desejável como possível, desde que se compreendam os laços coercíveis da racionalidade econômica juntamente com as possibilidades de se lançar um novo itinerário cujo trajeto provoque rupturas com a ordem existente. Tentar elucidar este itinerário foi o objetivo principal deste texto.
O ativismo jurídico com estratégia da razão neoliberal no Brasil
Authors: Gonçalves Neto João da Cruz
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um quadro conceitual genérico da recepção da razão neoliberal global no Brasil, tal como a postulam Wendy Brown, Dardot e Laval, por meio de uma de suas estratégias decisivas, o ativismo jurídico. Esse ativismo, presente em todo o período do governo do Partido dos Trabalhadores, por não estar ancorado nos pressupostos necessários ao seu sucesso, a saber, instituições políticas e jurídicas sólidas e uma cultura democrática razoavelmente estabelecida, conduziu o país como estratégia decisiva, ao populismo autoritário de direita, mantendo e reforçando a velha estrutura de dominação oligárquica local e antimoderna, em sintonia com a ultramoderna oligarquia global, e também  neofeudal, como a define Streeck, ao pretender promover uma reforma moral da política.

Abstract

The objective of this article is to present a generic conceptual framework for the reception of global neoliberal reason in Brazil, as postulated by Wendy Brown, Dardot e Laval, through one of its strategies, legal activism. This activism, present  throughout the entire period of the Workers' Party government, for not anchored in the assumptions necessary for its success, namely, solid political and legal institutions and a reasonably established democratic culture, led the country to right-wing authoritarian populism, maintaining and reinforcing the old structure of local and anti-modern oligarchic domination, in tune with the ultramodern global oligarchy, as well as neofeudal, as Streeck defines it, in seeking to promote a moral reform of politics.
A constitucionalização e a refundação da teoria do Direito: novos dilemas
Authors: Renostro Heinen Luana , Mangili Laurindo Marcel
Published: February 2019

O formalismo predominou na Teoria do Direito até o final do século XIX. Com a constitucionalização do Direito vivenciada após a Segunda Guerra Mundial ocorreram mudanças significativas na Teoria do Direito, pois o direito se tornou cada vez mais dúctil, a distinção entre princípios e regras adquiriu centralidade. A proposta do artigo é descrever essas mudanças e problematizar os novos dilemas que se apresentam à Teoria do Direito após a constitucionalização: o subjetivismo na decisão judicial e a permeabilidade excessiva do Direito diante da ampliação da complexidade social. Discute-se, ainda, como a Teoria do Direito tem buscado lidar com esses novos desafios – o subjetivismo da decisão tem sido enfrentado por meio de modelos hermenêuticos e modelos de constrangimentos institucionais, já diante da permeabilidade do direito, teóricos como Niklas Luhmann afirmam a necessidade da manutenção de sua autonomia.

Abstract

Formalism predominated in the Theory of Law until the end of the 19th century. With the constitutionalisation of the Law experienced after World War II, significant changes occurred in the Theory of Law, as law became increasingly ductile, the distinction between principles and rules acquired centrality. The purpose of the article is to describe these changes and to problematize the new dilemmas that are presented to the Theory of Law after the constitutionalisation: subjectivism in the judicial decision and the excessive permeability of the Law before the amplification of the social complexity. It is also discussed how Law Theory has tried to deal with these new challenges - the subjectivism of the decision has been confronted through hermeneutic models and models of institutional constraints, already before the permeability of the law, theoreticians like Niklas Luhmann affirm the need to maintain their autonomy.