bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graphene-coated microballs for a hyper-sensitive vacuum sensor
Authors: Il Ahn Sung , Kim Yong Woo , Lee Seong Eui , Kim Minjun , Choi Kyeong-Keun , Park Jung-Chul
Published: March 2019

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-coated microballs of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) used for fabricating three-dimensional sensor (3D sensor), which are expected to exhibit high sensitivity compared with conventional two-dimensional (2D) sensors, were prepared using a reaction-based assembly process. The sheet resistance and transmittance of the RGO-coated balls decreased with increasing number of coatings, implying that the RGO was well adhered to the ball by the assembly method. Two types of vacuum pressure sensors using multiple balls and a single ball were fabricated using lift-off and air-blowing methods, respectively. At pressures <1 torr, the sensors showed an increased resistance value due to the bending of graphene sheets by the Van der Waals attractive force. Further, the pressure versus resistance values at the logarithmic scale showed a linear relation, with a pressure reading error <6%. Compared with the 2D sensor fabricated using RGO, the multiball sensor exhibited almost 4–5 times higher RRC value. The single-ball sensor showed reasonable reproducibility at various temperatures. Given the size and pressure reading range of the sensor, the sensitivity of the single-ball sensor at 100 °C was approximately 6,000 times greater than that of the sensor with the highest sensitivity reported in the literature. The increase in surface area and the geometric effect of the sensing part of the single-ball sensor appeared to be responsible for its abnormally high sensitivity.
River Metabolism along a Latitudinal Gradient across Japan and in a global scale
Authors: Gurung Anandeeta , Iwata Tomoya , Nakano Daisuke , Urabe Jotaro
Published: March 2019

Since temperature is a key factor affecting photosynthetic and respiration rates, the rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) are expected to be lower for rivers at higher latitudes, while the net ecosystem production (NEP) rate likely decrease in rivers at lower latitude due to higher sensitivity of ER to temperature compared with GPP. To examine these possibilities, we estimated the ecosystem metabolism of 30 rivers located from 43.03°N to 32.38°N in Japan during summer using a Bayesian model with hourly changes in dissolved oxygen concentrations. In addition, we examined latitudinal trends of GPP, ER and NEP in a global scale by compiling and analyzing river metabolic data estimated in previous studies. Our analysis showed that both GPP and ER tended to increase with latitude, although these rates were positively related to water temperature in Japanese rivers. Global dataset of GPP and ER also showed increasing trend towards higher latitude. In addition, contrary to our initial expectations, NEP decreased with latitude and most rivers were net heterotrophic at both regional (Japanese rivers) and global scales. These results imply that the latitudinal temperature effect on river metabolism is masked by other factors not examined in this study, such as land use in the watershed, which play pivotal roles in explaining the latitudinal variation of river metabolism.
Descriptive Epidemiology of New Zealand’s Highest Mortality Earthquake: Hawke’s Bay in 1931
Authors: Clement Christine , Abeling Shannon , Deely Joanne , Teng Andrea , Thomson George , Johnston David , Wilson Nick
Published: March 2019

In this study we aimed to produce the first detailed analysis of the epidemiology of the severe injury and mortality impacts of the 1931 Hawke’s Bay earthquake in New Zealand (NZ). This involved the compilation and analysis of archival data (hospitalisations and deaths) including the examination of 324 death certificates. We found that there were 662 people for whom some hospitalisation data were available at four weeks post-earthquake: 54% were still in hospital, 4% were still classified as “serious”, and 5% had died (n = 28). Our classification of death certificate data indicated 256 earthquake-attributable deaths and for another five deaths the earthquake was estimated to have played an indirect role. There were 15 buildings associated with three or more deaths each (accounting for 58% of deaths with a known location). Many of these buildings were multi-storey and involved unreinforced masonry – with some of this falling into the street and killing people there (19% of deaths). In contrast, deaths in homes, which were typically of wood construction and single stories, comprised only 3% of deaths. In conclusion, this earthquake had a relatively high injury impact that appears partly related to the lack of regulations for building construction that would mitigate earthquake-related risk. Such regulations continue to be of relevance for New Zealand and for other countries in earthquake zones.
Peroxy self-reaction leading to the formation of furfural
Authors: Smith Audrey R. , Di Muzio Simone , Ramondo Fabio , Meloni Giovanni
Published: March 2019

Experimental and theoretical results show the importance of peroxy radical self-reaction.
Intermolecular background decay in RIDME experiments
Authors: Keller Katharina , Qi Mian , Gmeiner Christoph , Ritsch Irina , Godt Adelheid , Jeschke Gunnar , Savitsky Anton , Yulikov Maxim
Published: March 2019

Theoretical and experimental studies of the RIDME background reveal electron and nuclear spectral diffusion contributions.
Manganese-catalyzed direct C–C coupling of α-C–H bonds of amides and esters with alcohols via hydrogen autotransfer
Authors: Rana Jagannath , Gupta Virendrakumar , Balaraman Ekambaram
Published: March 2019

Mn-catalyzed C-alkylation of amides and tert-butyl acetate using alcohols as alkylating agents is reported. This approach exhibits a broad substrate scope providing the C(α)-alkylated amides in good yields via hydrogen auto-transfer strategy.
Effects of honey-extracted polyphenols on serum antioxidant capacity and metabolic phenotype in rats
Authors: Zhao Haoan , Cheng Ni , Wang Qian , Zhou Wenqi , Liu Caiyun , Liu Xinyan , Chen Sinan , Fan Daidi , Cao Wei
Published: March 2019

Honey-extracted polyphenols increased the serum antioxidant capacity and altered the metabolic phenotype.
Atom-economical preparation of polybismaleimide-based microporous organic polymers
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Yu Qi , Ding Lei , Di Tuo , Zhao Tiansheng , Li Tiesheng , Li Lei
Published: March 2019

In this study, a green and atom economical strategy has been developed to construct polybismaleimide-based microporous organic polymers (BMOPs).
Iron transitions during activation of allosteric heme proteins in cell signaling
Authors: Négrerie Michel
Published: March 2019

Allosteric heme proteins can fulfill a very large number of different functions thanks to the remarkable chemical versatility of heme through the entire living kingdom. Their efficacy resides in the ability of heme to transmit both iron coordination changes and iron redox state changes to the protein structure. Besides the properties of iron, proteins may impose a particular heme geometry leading to distortion, which allows selection or modulation of the electronic properties of heme. This review focusses on the mechanisms of allosteric protein activation triggered by heme coordination changes following diatomic binding to proteins as diverse as the human NO-receptor, cytochromes, NO-transporters and sensors, and a heme-activated potassium channel. It describes at the molecular level the chemical capabilities of heme to achieve very different tasks and emphasizes how the properties of heme are determined by the protein structure. Particularly, this reviews aims at giving an overview of the exquisite adaptability of heme, from bacteria to mammals.
Mapping the creep compliance of living cells with scanning ion conductance microscopy reveals a subcellular correlation between stiffness and fluidity
Authors: Rheinlaender Johannes , Schäffer Tilman E.
Published: March 2019

Extending the scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM) towards mapping of the viscoelastic creep compliance reveals a subcellular correlation between stiffness and fluidity across individual living cells.
Acid anhydride coated carbon nanodots: activated platforms for engineering clicked (bio)nanoconstructs
Authors: Ortega-Muñoz Mariano , Vargas-Navarro Paula , Hernandez-Mateo Fernando , Salinas-Castillo Alfonso , Capitan-Vallvey Luis Fermin , Plesselova Simona , Salto-Gonzalez Rafael , Giron-Gonzalez M. Dolores , Lopez-Jaramillo Francisco Javier , Santoyo-Gonzalez Francisco
Published: March 2019

Reactive acid anhydride coated carbon nanodots perpared by water-free thermolysis of citric acid are a gateway for engineering clicked (bio)nanoconstucts.
pH-Dependent aggregation and pH-independent cell membrane adhesion of monolayer-protected mixed charged gold nanoparticles
Authors: Shen Zhiqiang , Baker William , Ye Huilin , Li Ying
Published: March 2019

We systematically study the aggregation of pH-responsive AuNPs and their interactions with model lipid bilayers by using Martini coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations.
Pathways, mechanisms, and kinetics: a strategy to examine byproduct selectivity in partial oxidation catalytic transformations on reducible oxides
Authors: Miller Jacob H. , Bui Linh , Bhan Aditya
Published: March 2019

We review experimental practices, common reaction pathways, and kinetic modeling strategies effective in understanding partial oxidation catalysis over reducible oxides.
Origin of the isotropic motion in crystalline molecular rotors with carbazole stators
Authors: Colin-Molina Abraham , Jellen Marcus J. , García-Quezada Eduardo , Cifuentes-Quintal Miguel Eduardo , Murillo Fernando , Barroso Jorge , Pérez-Estrada Salvador , Toscano Rubén A. , Merino Gabriel , Rodríguez-Molina Braulio
Published: March 2019

Herein we report two crystalline molecular rotors 1 and 4 that show extremely narrow signals in deuterium solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
Extensive deep neural networks for transferring small scale learning to large scale systems
Authors: Mills Kyle , Ryczko Kevin , Luchak Iryna , Domurad Adam , Beeler Chris , Tamblyn Isaac
Published: March 2019

We present a physically-motivated topology of a deep neural network that can efficiently infer extensive parameters (such as energy, entropy, or number of particles) of arbitrarily large systems, doing so with scaling.
Efficient and stable all-inorganic perovskite solar cells based on nonstoichiometric CsxPbI2Brx (x > 1) alloys
Authors: Frolova Lyubov A. , Chang Qing , Luchkin Sergey Yu. , Zhao Daming , Akbulatov Azat F. , Dremova Nadezhda N. , Ivanov Andrey V. , Chia Elbert E. M. , Stevenson Keith J. , Troshin Pavel A.
Published: March 2019

Overstoichiometric alloy-type material Cs1.2PbI2Br1.2 delivered superior optoelectronic, morphological and photovoltaic characteristics in combination with the enhanced stability thus outperforming conventional CsPbI2Br perovskite.
Quantification of capsaicinoids from chili peppers using 1H NMR without deuterated solvent
Authors: Valim Thays Cardoso , Cunha Danyelle Alves , Francisco Carla Santana , Romão Wanderson , Filgueiras Paulo Roberto , Bezerra dos Santos Reginaldo , Borges Warley de Souza , Conti Raphael , Lacerda Valdemar , Neto Alvaro Cunha
Published: March 2019

Validation of method to quantify capsaicinoids in commercial chili peppers by 1H NMR analysis without deuterated solvent.
Uptake of silica particulate drug carriers in an intestine-on-a-chip: towards a better in vitro model of nanoparticulate carrier and mucus interactions
Authors: Pocock Kyall , Delon Ludivine C. , Khatri Aparajita , Prestidge Clive , Gibson Rachel , Barbe Chris , Thierry Benjamin
Published: March 2019

An intestine-on-a-chip model was used for the first time to study the intestinal uptake of nanoparticulate oral drug carriers and their ability to overcome the mucus barrier.
An unprecedented {Ni14SiW9} hybrid polyoxometalate with high photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity
Authors: Paille Grégoire , Boulmier Amandine , Bensaid Alexandre , Ha-Thi Minh-Huong , Tran Thu-Trang , Pino Thomas , Marrot Jérôme , Rivière Eric , Hendon Christopher H. , Oms Olivier , Gomez-Mingot Maria , Fontecave Marc , Mellot-Draznieks Caroline , Dolbecq Anne , Mialane Pierre
Published: March 2019

A unique polyoxometalate with 14 nickel and 9 tungsten ions catalyses the reduction of protons under visible light.
Folate-targeted pH-sensitive bortezomib conjugates for cancer treatment
Authors: Liu Yin , Dai Zhi , Wang Jiao , Tu Ying , Zhu Lin
Published: March 2019

A folate-targeted pH-sensitive bortezomib conjugate was developed for cancer-specific drug delivery and therapy.
Synthesis, characterization, and post-synthetic modification of a micro/mesoporous zirconium–tricarboxylate metal–organic framework: towards the addition of acid active sites
Authors: Ardila-Suárez Carolina , Díaz-Lasprilla Ana M. , Díaz-Vaca Laura A. , Balbuena Perla B. , Baldovino-Medrano Víctor G. , Ramírez-Caballero Gustavo E.
Published: March 2019

Synthesis of defective microporous/mesoporous MOF-808.
Two-dimensional ferroelastic semiconductors in single-layer indium oxygen halide InOY (Y = Cl/Br)
Authors: Xu Xilong , Ma Yandong , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying
Published: March 2019

Single-layer InOY (Y = Cl/Br) is a novel family of 2D ferroelastic semiconductors with a moderate switching barrier and reversible ferroelastic strain.
Theoretical insight into the photophysical properties of long-lifetime Ir(iii) and Rh(iii) complexes for two-photon photodynamic therapy
Authors: Yin Xue , Lai Xiao-Yong , Wang Xin , Liu Ying-Tao
Published: March 2019

Two-photon photodynamic therapy (TP-PDT) plays crucial roles in curing tumors because it involves deep penetration of drugs into the tissue and has minimal damage to the surrounding cells.
Graphitic carbon nitride/CoTPP type-II heterostructures with significantly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Kombo Miza , Ma Liu-Bo , Liu Ya-Nan , Fang Xiao-Xiang , Ullah Naseeb , Odda Atheer Hameid , Xu An-Wu
Published: March 2019

CoTPP inhibits the recombination of electron-hole pairs through extracting holes from g-C3N4thus dramatically enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light irradiation.
Tungsten-based catalysts for lignin depolymerization: the role of tungsten species in C–O bond cleavage
Authors: Guo Haiwei , Qi Zaojuan , Liu Yuxuan , Xia Haian , Li Lin , Huang Qitian , Wang Aiqin , Li Changzhi
Published: March 2019

Tungsten-based catalysts with designed tungsten species are synthesized and the role of each species in hydrocracking of both lignin model compounds and real lignin is deeply studied.
Cyclotrimerization of alkynes catalyzed by a self-supported cyclic tri-nuclear nickel(0) complex with α-diimine ligands
Authors: Shen Lingyi , Zhao Yanxia , Luo Qiong , Li Qian-Shu , Liu Bin , Redshaw Carl , Wu Biao , Yang Xiao-Juan
Published: March 2019

The cyclic tri-nickel(0) complex [{Ni(μ-LMe-2,4)}3] (LMe-2,4 = [(2,4-Me2C6H3)NC(Me)]2) self-supported by the α-diimines catalyzes cyclotrimerization of alkynes to form substituted benzenes.
Synthesis of a hydrogen-bridged tetraborane(6): a substituent effect of a diaminoboryl group toward the B–B multiple bond character
Authors: Yagi Atsumi , Kisu Haruki , Yamashita Makoto
Published: March 2019

A hydrogen-bridging tetraborane(6) was synthesized from boryllithium, a boron nucleophile, in three steps.
Exploring the chemical and bioactive properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyces from Guinea-Bissau (West Africa)
Authors: Jabeur Inès , Pereira Eliana , Caleja Cristina , Calhelha Ricardo C. , Soković Marina , Catarino Luís , Barros Lillian , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R.
Published: March 2019

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. exhibited beneficial properties and represents a promising species for food applications.
Facile construction of a novel NiFe2O4@P-doped g-C3N4 nanocomposite with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity
Authors: Mishra Priti , Behera Arjun , Kandi Debasmita , Parida Kulamani
Published: March 2019

Fabrication of a novel NFO@P–CN nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and evolution of H2 through a Z-scheme mechanism.
Classifying and predicting the electron affinity of diamond nanoparticles using machine learning
Authors: Feigl C. A. , Motevalli B. , Parker A. J. , Sun B. , Barnard A. S.
Published: March 2019

Using a combination of electronic structure simulations and machine learning we have shown that the characteristic negative electron affinity (NEA) of hydrogenated diamond nanoparticles exhibits a class-dependent structure/property relationship.
MoP hollow nanospheres encapsulated in 3D reduced graphene oxide networks as high rate and ultralong cycle performance anodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yin Yanyou , Fan Lishuang , Zhang Yu , Liu Nannan , Zhang Naiqing , Sun Kening
Published: March 2019

A rationally designed molybdenum phosphide anode material H-MoP@rGO exhibits superior cycling stability and extraordinary rate capability.
An unexpected organometallic intermediate in surface-confined Ullmann coupling
Authors: Galeotti Gianluca , Di Giovannantonio Marco , Cupo Andrew , Xing Sarah , Lipton-Duffin Josh , Ebrahimi Maryam , Vasseur Guillaume , Kierren Bertrand , Fagot-Revurat Yannick , Tristant Damien , Meunier Vincent , Perepichka Dmitrii F. , Rosei Federico , Contini Giorgio
Published: March 2019

Poly(para-phenylene) obtained by a three-step Ullmann coupling: two distinct 1D and 2D organometallic phases are reported.
BODIPY as electron withdrawing group for the activation of double bonds in asymmetric cycloaddition reactions
Authors: Guerrero-Corella Andrea , Asenjo-Pascual Juan , Pawar Tushar Janardan , Díaz-Tendero Sergio , Martín-Sómer Ana , Gómez Clarisa Villegas , Belmonte-Vázquez José L. , Ramírez-Ornelas Diana E. , Peña-Cabrera Eduardo , Fraile Alberto , Cruz David Cruz , Alemán José
Published: March 2019

BODIPY as an EWG in asymmetric catalysis is presented.
Controlling the pore size in conjugated polymer filmsviacrystallization-driven phase separation
Authors: Guo Shaowen , Lu Yaguang , Wang Binghua , Shen Changyu , Chen Jingbo , Reiter Günter , Zhang Bin
Published: March 2019

In this study, conductive porous P3HT membranes with a wide range of pore sizes were prepared by crystallization-driven phase separation based on blending P3HT with a crystallizable polymer.
Hierarchical nanohybrids of B- and N-codoped graphene/mesoporous NiO nanodisks: an exciting new material for selective sensing of H2S at near ambient temperature
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Arunkumar , Chinh Nguyen Duc , Jeong Yun-Jin , Hou Tian Feng , Kim Dong-Su , Kim Dojin , Kim Young-Bae , Lee Dong-Weon
Published: March 2019

A representative physical model depicting the H2S-sensing mechanism in air and H2S environments. Selectivity of the NiOBNG sensor to different interfering gases.
Elevated lipoprotein (a) levels are associated with the acute myocardial infarction in patients with normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels
Authors: Cai Gaojun , Huang Zhiying , Zhang Bifeng , Yu Lei , Li Li
Published: March 2019

Elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk has been renewed interested in recent years. However, the association between Lp(a) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk in patients with normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels has yet to been established. A hospital-based observational study including 558 AMI patients and 1959 controls was conducted. Lp(a) level was significantly higher in AMI patients with normal LDL-C levels than that in non-CAD group (median: 134.5 mg/l vs 108 mg/l, P<0.001). According to Lp(a) quartiles (Q1, <51 mg/l; Q2, 51–108 mg/l; Q3, 108–215 mg/l; Q4, ≥215 mg/l), the incidence of AMI increased with the elevated Lp(a) quartiles (P<0.001 and P for trend<0.001). Logistic regression analysis suggested that patients with Q3 and Q4 of Lp(a) values had 1.666 (95%CI = 1.230–2.257, P<0.001) and 1.769 (95%CI = 1.305–2.398, P< 0.001) folds of AMI risk compared with patients with Q1, after adjusting for traditional confounders. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age showed that the association only existed in male and late-onset subgroups. In addition, we analyzed the association of Lp(a) with AMI risk in different cut-off values (cut-off 1 = 170 mg/l, cut-off 2 = 300 mg/l). A total of 873 (34.68%) and 432 (17.16%) participants were measured to have higher Lp(a) levels according to cut-off 1 and cut-off 2, respectively. Participants with high Lp(a) levels had 1.418- (cut-off1, 95%CI = 1.150–1.748, P<0.001) and 1.521- (cut-off 2, 95%CI = 1.179–1.963, P< 0.001) folds of AMI risk compared with patients with low Lp(a) levels. The present large-scale study revealed that elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with increased AMI risk in Chinese population with normal LDL-C levels.
Identifying Children at Risk for Developmental Language Disorder Using a Brief, Whole-Classroom Screen
Authors: Hendricks Alison Eisel , Adlof Suzanne M. , Alonzo Crystle N. , Fox Annie B. , Hogan Tiffany P.
Published: March 2019

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine whether parents of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) were aware of their children's language difficulties and whether a brief, classroom-based language screen can reliably identify children at risk for DLD, including those with both good and poor word reading skills.

Method

First- and second-grade students (
N
= 97) completed a language screen and assessments of nonverbal intelligence, word reading, and language designed for linguistically diverse students. Their parents completed a questionnaire.

Results

Few parents of children with DLD reported that their child had ever received speech, language, reading, or other educational services. Parents of children with DLD with average word reading skills reported receiving services approximately half as often as children with DLD with poor word reading. Parents of children with DLD also reported few concerns about their children's speech, language, and academic development. The brief whole-classroom screen showed acceptable classification accuracy for identifying children with DLD overall, although sensitivity was lower for children with DLD with average word reading skills.

Conclusion

Based on reports of prior services and concerns, many parents of children with DLD appear to be unaware of their children's difficulty with oral language. Whole-classroom screens for language show potential for efficient identification of children who may benefit from comprehensive assessments for DLD without relying on their parents or teachers to raise concerns.
Transactive energy‐based planning framework for VPPs in a co‐optimised day‐ahead and real‐time energy market with ancillary services
Authors: Mohy‐ud‐din Ghulam , Muttaqi Kashem M. , Sutanto Danny
Published: March 2019

Virtual power plants (VPPs) are emerging as a source of flexibility to the power systems because of their potential to provide a cost‐effective solution in the real time to complement the power mismatch due to intermittent renewable energy generation and avoid expensive upgrades to the network infrastructure to meet the peak demands. These features of the VPPs best fit in the transactive energy environment. Since the VPPs are driven through the wholesale energy market, a two‐stage transactive energy‐based planning framework for the integrated VPPs in a co‐optimised energy and ancillary services market is proposed in this study. At the first stage, during the day‐ahead market, a co‐optimised combined optimum schedule is obtained for the power system and the VPPs including the ancillary services. Flexible demand bids are proposed at this stage as a source of flexibility in the operation of the power system. At the second stage, a transactive energy‐based real‐time market balancing scheme is proposed. Furthermore, the proposed framework is validated on a modified 24‐bus IEEE RTS and 118‐bus IEEE power system with integrated VPPs. The simulation results show that the proposed approach results in a reduction of the locational marginal prices, congestion and reserve costs.
Millimetre‐wave beam‐steering array antenna by emphasising on improvement of Butler matrix features
Authors: Mousavi Zahra , Rezaei Pejman
Published: March 2019

To conquer troubles such as disruptive effects in mm‐wave frequency, many researches have been challenged. Beam‐steering antennas, especially with Butler matrix feed network, are a good suggestion to solve the aforementioned problem. In this study, an innovative design of the Butler matrix fed network is presented to drive patterns of the antenna. Moreover, a broadband Butler matrix feed network is achieved by a 1 × 4 aperture coupled zeroth‐order resonance elements which increases beam‐width of array pattern to triumph short‐range effect. Also using aperture fed, stable broadside pattern is obtained. The offered Butler matrix composes of four 90° couplers which have a combination of edge and patch techniques in the coupler, and two broadband stepped 45° phase shifters. The proposed compactness beam‐steering antenna covers an impedance bandwidth from 33.20 to 37.15 GHz and scans solid angle about ∼94° with the peak gain of 12 dBi.
Compact dual‐band rectenna for RF energy harvest based on a tree‐like antenna
Authors: Wang Meng , Fan Yue , Yang Lan , Li Yan , Feng Jing , Shi Yanyan
Published: March 2019

A novel compact dual‐band rectenna is presented for efficient radio frequency (RF) energy harvest at 2.45 GHz WiFi and 3.5 GHz WiMAX bands. The proposed rectenna is composed of an optimised tree‐like receiving antenna and a compact rectifier based on a two‐branch matching network. The tree‐like antenna is found to feature a dual‐band characteristic, high radiation efficiency, and improved reflection coefficient with the newly designed slotted ground plane. By introducing the matching network which consists of two different radial branches, the proposed antenna is well matched with the rectifying circuit and most part of the received power could be delivered. Besides, in order to eliminate the coupling effects, reduce the energy loss and minimise the overall dimension of the rectenna, three narrow stubs on the ground plane of the antenna are designed to perform as the ground of the rectifier. The results have demonstrated the designed rectenna exhibits relatively stable conversion efficiency for the load value varying from 0.9 to 20 kΩ under low input power and the maximum conversion efficiency is observed to be 60% at 2.45 GHz and 53% at 3.5 GHz under the input power of 0 dBm.
Coordinative impedance damping control for back‐to‐back converter in solar power integration system
Authors: Tian Yanjun , Peng Fei , Wang Yi , Chen Zhe
Published: March 2019

The back‐to‐back topology of dual active bridges DC/DC converter cascaded with DC/AC inverter hasbeen widely used in solar power integration system. The output impedance of DABconverter will interact with the input impedance of inverter, and without properdesign, stability degradation will be engaged. Against the impedance interactioncaused stability degradation problems, typical solution is to modify converter'simpedance feature through control strategies, named as active solution, butconventional active solutions solely pay attention to single individualconverter. Here, a coordinative impedance active damping control method isproposed, which simultaneously modifies the front DAB and rear inverterimpedances, promoting a more stable manner. This article compares the proposedcontrol with conventional individual impedance damping control methods. Theimpedance‐based stability evaluations show that the proposed control can promptDC‐link connected converters to perform resistive impedance in the low‐frequencyband, thus the impedance interaction will be more damped, which contributes toan enhanced stability and dynamics. The effectiveness of the proposed controlhas been tested by both simulation and experiment results.
Contribution of time delays to p53 oscillation in DNA damage response
Authors: Wang Conghua , Liu Haihong , Zhou Jin
Published: March 2019

Although the oscillatory dynamics of the p53 network have been extensively studied, the understanding of the mechanism of delay‐induced oscillations is still limited. In this paper, a comprehensive mathematical model of p53 network is studied, which contains two delayed negative feedback loops. By studying the model with and without explicit delays, the results indicate that the time delay of Mdm2 protein synthesis can well control the pulse shape but cannot induce p53 oscillation alone, while the time delay required for Wip1 protein synthesis induces a Hopf bifurcation to drive p53 oscillation. In addition, the synergy of the two delays will cause the p53 network to oscillate in advance, indicating that p53 begins the repair process earlier in the damaged cell. Furthermore, the stability and bifurcation of the model are addressed, which may highlight the role of time delay in p53 oscillations.
Sensitivity of Type Ia supernovae to electron capture rates
Authors: Bravo E.
Published: March 2019

The thermonuclear explosion of massive white dwarfs is believed to explain at least a fraction of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa). After thermal runaway, electron captures on the ashes left behind by the burning front determine a loss of pressure, which impacts the dynamics of the explosion and the neutron excess of matter. Indeed, overproduction of neutron-rich species such as 54Cr has been deemed a problem of Chandrasekhar-mass models of SNIa for a long time. I present the results of a sensitivity study of SNIa models to the rates of weak interactions, which have been incorporated directly into the hydrodynamic explosion code. The weak rates have been scaled up or down by a factor ten, either globally for a common bibliographical source, or individually for selected isotopes. In line with previous works, the impact of weak rates uncertainties on sub-Chandrasekhar models of SNIa is almost negligible. The impact on the dynamics of Chandrasekhar-mass models and on the yield of 56Ni is also scarce. The strongest effect is found on the nucleosynthesis of neutron-rich nuclei, such as 48Ca, 54Cr, 58Fe, and 64Ni. The species with the highest influence on nucleosynthesis do not coincide with the isotopes that contribute most to the neutronization of matter. Among the latter, there are protons, 54, 55Fe, 55Co, and 56Ni, while the main influencers are 54, 55Mn and 55 − 57Fe, in disagreement with Parikh et al (2013, A&A, 557, A3), who found that SNIa nucleosynthesis is most sensitive to the β+-decay rates of 28Si, 32S, and 36Ar. An increase in all weak rates on pf-shell nuclei would affect the dynamical evolution of burning bubbles at the beginning of the explosion and the yields of SNIa.
Hyperbolic Maxwell variational inequalities of the second kind
Authors: Yousept Irwin
Published: March 2019

We analyze a class of hyperbolic Maxwell variational inequalities of the second kind. By means of a local boundedness assumption on the subdifferential of the underlying nonlinearity, we prove a well-posedness result, where the main tools for the proof are the semigroup theory for Maxwell’s equations, the Yosida regularization and the subdifferential calculus. The second part of the paper focuses on a more general case omitting the local boundedness assumption. In this case, taking into account more regular initial data and test functions, we are able to prove a weaker existence result through the use of the minimal section operator associated with the Nemytskii operator of the governing subdifferential. Eventually, we transfer the developed well-posedness results to the case involving Faraday’s law, which in particular allows us to improve the regularity property of the electric field in the weak existence result.
Interdisziplinäre Behandlung von Patienten mit angeborenen Fehlbildungen – Zusammenhang zwischen Dysfunktion und Dysgnathie
Authors: Kruse Teresa , Braumann Bert
Published: March 2019

Der vorliegende Artikel erklärt den Zusammenhang von Dysfunktion und Dysgnathie am Beispiel von kranio- und orofazialen Fehlbildungen. Einerseits verhindert eine gestörte Form eine normale Funktion: bei Patienten mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte beeinträchtigt die gestörte Morphologie Aussprache, Gehör, Zahn-/Kieferstellung, Ästhetik und soziales Verhalten. Die Rekonstruktion der gespaltenen Strukturen, d. h. der Form, steht im Zentrum der Rehabilitation und stellt eine wichtige Voraussetzung für das Erlangen einer ungestörten Funktion dar. Andererseits verschlechtert eine gestörte Funktion die Form: die Einlagerung der Zunge in den Spaltbereich verhindert ein sich Annähern der Spaltsegmente. Eine Gaumenplatte normalisiert die Zungenfunktion und durch gezieltes Einschleifen der Apparatur wird das Wachstum der Spaltsegmente gesteuert. Ausgeprägte Atemstörungen können bei Neugeborenen mit Pierre-Robin-Sequenz lebensbedrohlich sein. Eine modifizierte Gaumenplatte verhindert die Glossoptose und sichert den Atemweg; über die Normalisierung der Funktion wird, bei angeborener mandibulärer Retrognathie, ein koordinierter Ablauf von Ober- und Unterkieferwachstum ermöglicht. Das Zusammenspiel zwischen Form und Funktion zeigt sich in der Verstärkung der Dysmorphie durch Dysfunktion, aber auch in der wechselseitigen Verbesserung während der sehr frühen Therapie. Übertragen auf Patienten ohne angeborene Fehlbildung erklärt sich, weshalb gewisse Dysgnathien früh behandelt werden sollten.
Sexuelle Erfahrungen und sexuelle Orientierung von Transgender-Jugendlichen
Authors: Stübler Marie Louise , Becker-Hebly Inga
Published: March 2019

Einleitung Eine körpermedizinische Behandlung bei erwachsenen Transgender-Personen steht mit positiven Ergebnissen bezüglich der sexuellen Zufriedenheit in Zusammenhang sowie im Jugendalter mit einem verbesserten psychosozialen Wohlbefinden. Dennoch gibt es bisher nur eine Studie, die die sexuellen und romantischen Erfahrungen von Transgender-Jugendlichen vor Beginn einer solchen Behandlung untersucht hat.

Forschungsziele Ziel war es, das Sexualverhalten von unbehandelten Transgender-Jugendlichen, die in der Hamburger Spezialsprechstunde die Diagnose Geschlechtsdysphorie erhalten hatten, zu untersuchen.

Methoden Es wurden die Häufigkeitsangaben zu sexuellen Erfahrungen aus den Fragebogen-Sets von n = 126 unbehandelten Transgender-Jugendlichen im Alter von 15.6 Jahren deskriptiv ausgewertet. Dabei wurde zudem nach Geschlecht und Altersgruppen unterschieden sowie nach dem Ausmaß der sozialen Transition.

Ergebnisse Während die Mehrzahl der befragten Jugendlichen schon einmal verliebt (85 %) bzw. in einer festen Partnerschaft (65 %) war und etwa die Hälfte der Befragten sexuelle Fantasien und Masturbation berichtete, waren sie in den körperlich-sexuellen und Partner*innen-assoziierten Erfahrungsbereichen weniger erfahren. Weniger als die Hälfte (44 %) berichtete von intimen sexuellen Erfahrungen mit anderen Jugendlichen oder Geschlechtsverkehr (knapp 14 %). Ältere Jugendliche (15–18 Jahre) und jene, die bereits eine soziale Transition vollzogen hatten, machten vergleichsweise mehr sexuelle Erfahrungen als jüngere Jugendliche (11–14 Jahre) oder jene, die überwiegend in der Rolle des Zuweisungsgeschlechts lebten.

Schlussfolgerung Die befragten Transgender-Jugendlichen machten nicht die sexuell-körperlichen Partner*innen-assoziierten Erfahrungen, die andere Jugendliche im gleichen Alter machen. Dieser Befund verweist auf die mögliche Bedeutung einer Transition im Jugendalter für die psychosexuelle Entwicklung. Ebenso verweist er auf die Bedeutung des Schutzraums einer psychosozialen Beratung oder Therapie für Transgender-Jugendliche, um sexualitätsbezogene Themen bei Bedarf besprechen zu können.
Lebenslanges Lernen und Unsicherheitstoleranz in der transkulturellen Behandlung
Authors: Steinhäuser Theresa , Schlunk Johanna , Schödwell Steffen , Auckenthaler Anna
Published: March 2019

Ziel Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen den Schwierigkeiten, die in der transkulturellen Behandlung aus Sicht von Fachkräften auftreten können, und ihrem professionellen Selbstverständnis.

Methodik Problemzentrierte Interviews mit 30 Fachkräften aus psychosozialen Gesundheitsberufen.

Ergebnisse Ein professionelles Selbstverständnis, das auf lebenslanges Lernen setzt, scheint den Umgang mit wahrgenommenen Schwierigkeiten zu erleichtern.

Schlussfolgerung Für die Förderung von transkultureller Kompetenz bedarf es reflexionsförderlicher Rahmenbedingungen und längerfristiger Begleitung (z. B. in Form von Supervision).
Selbstmanagement Interventionen in der Behandlung depressiver Störungen: reif für die klinische Praxis?
Authors: Klein Jan Philipp , Berger Thomas , Hautzinger Martin , Lutz Wolfgang , Rose Matthias , Späth Christina , Schröder Johanna , Hohagen Fritz , Moritz Steffen
Published: March 2019

Nur etwa die Hälfte derjenigen, die an einer depressiven Störung leiden, sucht auch eine Behandlung auf. Selbstmanagement Interventionen sind eine Möglichkeit, diese Behandlungslücke zu reduzieren. Diese Interventionen basieren meist auf evidenzbasierten Techniken der Kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie, welche statt durch einen Therapeuten durch ein Computerprogramm vermittelt werden. Zahlreiche Studien belegen die Wirksamkeit dieser Interventionen. Diese Studien werfen allerdings auch eine Reihe an Fragen auf. Diese betreffen die Wirksamkeit sowohl im Fremdrating als auch im Langzeitverlauf und die Wirksamkeit bei schwerer depressiver Symptomatik oder in der Kombination mit antidepressiver Medikation. Schließlich stellt sich die Frage nach dem Einsatz dieser Interventionen bei Patienten in der klinischen Praxis und bei Menschen, die nicht besonders internetaffin sind. Diese Fragen haben wir im Rahmen einer großen randomisiertenStudie adressiert (EVIDENT-Studie). In dieser Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit Intervention deprexis® untersucht. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie werden in dieser Übersicht zusammengefasst und in den Kontext anderer in Deutschland verfügbarer Interventionen gestellt.
Interference of Monoclonal Gammopathy with Fibrinogen Assay Producing Spurious Dysfibrinogenemia
Authors: Martini Francesca , Cecconi Nadia , Paolicchi Aldo , Galimberti Sara , Cervetti Giulia , Buda Gabriele , Petrini Mario
Published: March 2019

Abnormal coagulation properties indicative of a dysfibrinogenemia were found in the plasma of an asymptomatic 65-year-old male. An immunoglobulin k light chain was found to interfere with Fg functional assay and coagulation tests (activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and thrombin time). Steroid therapy reduced the inhibitory effect (after dexamethasone treatment coagulation test and functional Fg value normalized). Spurious dysfibrinogenemia associated with light chain monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance was diagnosed.
Long-time asymptotics for the integrable nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Rybalko Yan , Shepelsky Dmitry
Published: March 2019

We study the initial value problem for the integrable nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NNLS) equation iqt(x,t)+qxx(x,t)+2σq2(x,t) q¯ (−x,t)=0 with decaying (as x → ±∞) boundary conditions. The main aim is to describe the long-time behavior of the solution of this problem. To do this, we adapt the nonlinear steepest-decent method to the study of the Riemann-Hilbert problem associated with the NNLS equation. Our main result is that, in contrast to the local NLS equation, where the main asymptotic term (in the solitonless case) decays to 0 as O(t−1/2) along any ray x/t = const, the power decay rate in the case of the NNLS depends, in general, on x/t and can be expressed in terms of the spectral functions associated with the initial data.
Interface-induced anomalous Nernst effect in Fe3O4/Pt-based heterostructures
Authors: Ramos R. , Kikkawa T. , Anadón A. , Lucas I. , Niizeki T. , Uchida K. , Algarabel P. A. , Morellón L. , Aguirre M. H. , Ibarra M. R. , Saitoh E.
Published: March 2019

We have studied the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in [Fe3O4/Pt]-based heterostructures grown at high temperature, by measuring the ANE-induced electric field with a magnetic field applied normal to the sample surface, in the perpendicular magnetized configuration, where only the ANEs from the ferromagnetic layers or magnetic proximity effects can be detected. An ANE voltage is observed for [Fe3O4/Pt]n multilayers, and we further investigated its origin by performing measurements in [Fe3O4/Pt/Fe3O4] trilayers as a function of the Pt thickness. Our results suggest the presence of an interface-induced ANE in the metallic layer, possibly driven by a heat induced subnanometer interdiffusion which affects the nature of the Fe3O4/Pt interface. Despite this ANE, the spin Seebeck effect is the dominant mechanism for the transverse thermoelectric voltage in the in-plane magnetized configuration, accounting for about 70% of the voltage in the multilayers.
Interfacial properties of hydrocarbon/water systems predicted by molecular dynamic simulations
Authors: Naeiji Parisa , Woo Tom K. , Alavi Saman , Varaminian Farshad , Ohmura Ryo
Published: March 2019

The presence of small hydrocarbons is known to reduce the interfacial tension of the gas-water interface, and this phenomenon can affect the formation of the clathrate hydrates of these gases. In this work, the interfacial behavior of the pure methane-, ethane-, and propane-water, and the ternary 90:7:3 mol. % gas mixture of (methane + ethane + propane)-water were studied with molecular dynamics simulations. The interfacial tension, γ, and z-density profiles for the gases and water from simulations of the gas-water systems were determined at the temperatures of 275.15 and 298.15 K, and pressures up to 10 MPa for methane and up to near the experimental saturation pressures of ethane and propane. The goal is to accurately calculate the interfacial tension for the hydrocarbon/water systems and to analyze the molecular behaviors at the interfaces which lead to the observed trends. At the same hydrostatic gas phase pressure, propane, ethane, and methane reduce the gas-water interfacial tension in that order. The local density of the gas molecules at the interface is enhanced relative to the bulk gas, and it was determined that about 13%-20%, 33%-40%, and 54%-59% of the gas molecules in the simulation congregated at the interfaces for the CH4-, C2H6-, and C3H8-water systems, respectively, at the different simulated hydrostatic pressure ranges. For all gases in the pressure range studied, a complete monolayer of gas had not formed at the water interface. Furthermore, a dynamic equilibrium with fast exchange between molecules at the interface and in the gas phase was observed. For the gas mixture, deviations were observed between total calculated interfacial tension, γmix, and the “ideal mixture” value, ∑xiγi,pure, calculated from the interfacial tensions of the pure gases, where xi is the mole fraction of each substance in the simulation. Some possible implications of the results on the mechanism of clathrate hydrate formation are discussed.
Structural and magnetic properties of rapidly quenched (Sm,R)(Fe,Co)11.4Ti0.6 (R = Y, Zr) with ThMn12 structure
Authors: Hagiwara Masaya , Sanada Naoyuki , Sakurada Shinya
Published: March 2019

The structural and magnetic properties of (Sm0.8R0.2)(Fe0.8Co0.2)11.4Ti0.6 (R = Y, Zr) prepared by rapid quenching are investigated focusing on the differences between the Y- and Zr-substituted alloys. An almost single phase with ThMn12 structure was obtained for both cases of R = Y and Zr. The μ0Ms of (Sm0.8Y0.2)(Fe0.8Co0.2)11.4Ti0.6 determined from the magnetization curve was 1.52 T, whereas that for (Sm0.8Zr0.2)(Fe0.8Co0.2)11.4Ti0.6 was 1.46 T. To clarify the difference in magnetic properties between the samples, hyperfine splitting was measured by Mössbauer spectroscopy and it was found that the magnetic moment of the Y-substituted alloy was larger than that of the Zr-substituted alloy in all three Fe sites, and this result was consistent with the difference in μ0Ms obtained by magnetization measurement.
Piezospectroscopic measurement of high-frequency vibrations in a pulse-tube cryostat
Authors: Louchet-Chauvet Anne , Ahlefeldt Rose , Chanelière Thierry
Published: March 2019

Vibrations in cryocoolers are a recurrent concern to the end user. They appear in different parts of the acoustic spectrum depending on the refrigerator type, Gifford McMahon or pulse-tube, and with a variable coupling strength to the physical system under interest. Here, we use the piezospectroscopic effect in rare-earth doped crystals at a low temperature as a high resolution, contact-less probe for the vibrations. With this optical spectroscopic technique, we obtain and analyze the vibration spectrum up to 700 kHz of a 2 kW pulse-tube cooler. We attempt an absolute calibration based on known experimental parameters to make our method partially quantitative and to provide a possible comparison with other well-established techniques.
3D printed nozzles on a silicon fluidic chip
Authors: Bohne Sven , Heymann Michael , Chapman Henry N. , Trieu Hoc Khiem , Bajt Saša
Published: March 2019

Serial femtosecond crystallography is a new method for protein structure determination utilizing intense and destructive X-ray pulses generated by free-electron lasers. The approach requires the means to deliver hydrated protein crystals to a focused X-ray beam and replenish them at the repetition rate of the pulses. A liquid-jet sample delivery system where a gas dynamic virtual nozzle is printed directly on a silicon-glass microfluidic chip using a 2-photon-polymerization 3D printing process is implemented. This allows for rapid prototyping and high-precision production of nozzles to suit the characteristics of a particular sample and opens up the possibility for high-throughput and versatile sample delivery systems that can integrate microfluidic components for sample detection, characterisation, or control. With the hybrid system described here, stable liquid jets with diameters between 1.5 µm at liquid flow rate of 1.5 µl/min and more than 20 µm at liquid flow rate of 100 µl/min under atmospheric and vacuum conditions are generated. The combination of 2D lithography with direct 3D printing may streamline the integration of free-form-features and also facilitate scale-up production of such integrated microfluidic devices that may be useful in many other applications such as flow cytometry and optofluidics.
Holographic stability and storage capacity on bulk green-light sensitive TI/PMMA materials
Authors: Liu Peng , Sun Xiudong , Zhao Yu , Li Zeren
Published: March 2019

An emerging cationic photo-initiator titanocene (TI) dispersed poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) photopolymer was fabricated by an optimized three-step thermo-polymerization method with excellent holographic performances. Materials with different thicknesses (1-3 mm) were prepared and characterized experimentally. The influences of material thickness changes on holographic properties have been investigated in detail. We achieved the response time of 4.98s in 1mm TI/PMMAs, while the cumulative gratings strength of 6.88 and single grating diffraction efficiency of 74% in 3 mm ones. Furthermore, gratings recorded in materials were examined with controlling experimental conditions in a green-light two-beam coupling interference system, under different polarization directions, ambient temperatures and intersection angles, respectively. A better holographic recording condition was proposed. Meanwhile, the influence on recording surroundings for TI/PMMA were analyzed. This work can provide a basis to depict the holographic storage capacity and stability in TI/PMMA polymers.
Singularity formation of the compressible non-barotropic flows with zero heat conductivity
Authors: Yu Rongfeng
Published: March 2019

We study a criterion for the breakdown of the strong solutions to a three-dimensional Cauchy problem of compressible non-barotropic magnetohydrodynamic equations without heat conductivity. It is shown that the strong solution exists globally if the norms of ‖(ρ,P)‖L∞(0,T;L∞) and ‖H‖L∞(0,T;Ls) are bounded for some s ∈ [6, +∞]. In particular, a direct application to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations implies that the concentration of the density or the pressure will be responsible for the breakdown of strong solutions.