bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing Budget Allocation Across Countries: The Role of International Business Cycles
Authors: Peers Yuri , van Heerde Harald J. , Dekimpe Marnik G.
Published: July 2017

A key conundrum facing organizations is how to adjust marketing budgets in response to the business cycle. While most firms use procyclical spending (spending less during economic contractions), academic studies often recommend countercyclical spending (spending more during contractions), which begs the following question: What is the right thing to do? The spending problem is compounded further when demand is not just driven by one country’s business cycle, but by the (nonsynchronized) business cycles of multiple countries, as is the case for tourism marketing aiming to attract tourists originating from different countries. We derive insights into the best way to allocate marketing budgets across countries under varying economic conditions. We show that the allocation decisions are driven by the procyclical versus countercyclical nature of three factors: unit sales, marketing effectiveness, and per-unit profit contribution. To study how unit sales and marketing effectiveness respond to the business cycle, we develop a transfer function dynamic hierarchical linear model. We also model the responsiveness of the profit contribution to the business cycle. In an application to New Zealand tourism marketing, we find that a reallocation of the government’s marketing budget could yield an increase in tourist revenues of NZD $121 million.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1046 .
Properties Of Thin Metal Layers Deposited On Textile Composites By Using The Pvd Method For Textronic Applications
Authors: Pawlak R. , Korzeniewska E. , Koneczny C. , Hałgas B.
Published: July 2017

In this paper, the results of mechanical strength tests of thin conductive Ag and Au layers created on Cordura composite substrate using the thermal vapor deposition method are presented. The resistance of the conductive layers to the bending and tensile stresses was tested and changing the surface resistance of the test structures was accepted as a criterion. The layers created on unmodified and plasma-treated surfaces have been examined. As a result of the surface modification, the electrical and mechanical properties of the thin Ag and Au metal structures have been improved. The results of measurements of surface resistance changes during strength tests and SEM microscopic studies of stressed samples indicate the high mechanical strength of the electroconductive layers deposited on Cordura, which may be the basis for the application of such technology in textronics applications.
Okun’s Law in Austria
Authors: Christl Michael , Köppl-Turyna Monika , Kucsera Dénes
Published: July 2017

We estimate the classic and the dynamic variant of Okun’s law for the Austrian labor market. We find that, for recent periods, the growth rate necessary to stabilize the unemployment rate equals 2.8 percent. Moreover, we find that the rate has been growing in recent quarters due to the increasing labor force size and the effects of the crisis. The latest prediction of the employment threshold lies above 3 percent, much above forecasted GDP growth up to 2017.
The Origin of Heavy Metals and Radionuclides Accumulated in the Soil and Biota Samples Collected in Svalbard, Near Longyearbyen
Authors: Kłos Andrzej , Ziembik Zbigniew , Rajfur Małgorzata , Dołhańczuk-Śródka Agnieszka , Bochenek Zbigniew , Bjerke Jarle W. , Tømmervik Hans , Zagajewski Bogdan , Ziółkowski Dariusz , Jerz Dominik , Zielińska Maria , Krems Paweł , Godyń Piotr
Published: July 2017

Heavy metals and radioactive compounds are potentially hazardous substances for plants, animals and humans in the Arctic. A good knowledge of the spatial variation of these substances in soil and primary producers, and their sources, is therefore essential. In the samples of lichen Thamnolia vermicularis, Salix polaris and Cassiope tetragona, and the soil samples collected in 2014 in Svalbard near Longyearbyen, the concentrations of the following heavy metals were determined: Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Hg, as well as the activity concentrations of the following: K-40, Cs-137, Pb-210, Pb-212, Bi-212, Bi-214, Pb-214, Ac-228, Th-231 and U-235 in the soil samples. The differences in the concentrations of the analytes accumulated in the different plant species and soil were studied using statistical methods. Sea aerosol was indicated as the source of Pb, Hg, Cs-137, Pb-210 and Th-231 in the studied area. A relatively high concentration of nickel was determined in the biota samples collected near Longyearbyen, compared to other areas of Svalbard. It was supposed that nickel may be released into the atmosphere as a consequence of the local coal mining around Longyearbyen.
Analyses of LPG Dispersion During Its Accidental Release in Enclosed Car Parks
Authors: Brzezińska Dorota , Dziubiński Marek , Markowski Adam S.
Published: July 2017

Despite the fact that LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is used in a large number of cars, tests have not yet been carried out to ascertain how hazardous can be the release of LPG from the car when parked in enclosed garages. The problem applies to both public and industrial parking areas, especially in Poland, where more than 10% cars are fueled by LPG. The paper describes full scale experiments, which demonstrate conditions that may occur in a garage in the event of accidental LPG release from the car installation. Over the course of the tests, a series of six LPG spillage tests were performed to study emission time and flammable cloud formation depending on the accidental gap diameter. Additionally, to enable the visual observation of the gas dispersion and influence of the ventilation system the experiment was conducted using well visible CO2 gas cloud, produced from dry ice. The experiments have shown that without ventilation LPG can accumulate on the floor of the enclosed garage for a long time, which generates a high explosive hazard. However, good ventilation (especially jet fan systems) can quickly remove hazardous flammable LPG clouds. Moreover, very important for effective LPG detection is the location of detectors closer to the floor than is currently recommended - at a height of 30 cm.
The Use of Biological Indices for the Assessment of the River Quality (Ruda River, Poland)
Authors: Spyra Aneta , Kubicka Justyna , Strzelec Małgorzata
Published: July 2017

Recognition of the deteriorating conditions of rivers worldwide has called for increased efforts to improve the ecological quality of impacted river systems. This is particularly important in areas that have suffered from a significant impact of human pressure on the ecological status of water. Field studies were conducted in the Ruda River in an area that had undergone anthropogenic disturbances. The objectives of our survey were to test the biological metrics based on benthic macroinvertebrates at four study sites. Spring and autumn surveys of benthic invertebrates indicated that based on the BMWP and BMWP(PL) indices, water quality was higher in comparison with the value of Multimetric index at all of the sites that were studied. Our results revealed that the water quality was higher at the study sites that are located above the dam reservoir based on both the chemical and biological parameters. This study also indicated that both spring and autumn constitute appropriate periods for carrying out monitoring studies. The values of multimeric index indicated the same water quality (except for site 1) in both sampling periods. Anthropogenic transformations of a riverbed influence the flora and fauna and affect the ecological status of rivers.
Into the Bullring: The Significance of “Empathy” after the Earthquake
Authors: Suga Yutaka
Published: July 2017

In 2004, one of my long-term field sites was struck by a major earthquake. Following this event numerous researchers and experts arrived at the region and began executing various recovery projects centered around traditional culture. However, their activities were not purely intended to help the survivors but, rather, cleverly designed for their own benefit. I began to feel very uncomfortable about such efforts and worked to conduct my own activities from a folkloristic perspective based on “empathy,” an approach qualitatively distinct from those of many other researchers. Generally speaking, researchers and experts have sought to be as “objective” as possible and have undervalued empathy, which they have perceived as belonging to the realm of emotion. However, in order to support survivors' strategies for independently regaining livelihoods in the disaster recovery process, it is essential that researchers have empathy for the survivors and sufficiently understand their experiences and values. In this paper, based on my experiences in the disaster-affected area, I discuss both the utility of empathy as a means of understanding survivors as well as the subtle risks associated with such an approach.
Empathy and Speaking Out
Authors: Shuman Amy
Published: July 2017

As folklorists, we are accustomed to viewing culture as the obstacle to understanding across difference. Culture as a lived, embodied experience of daily, symbolic, and political life is specific and contextual; it cannot be generalized; nor do people necessarily articulate the fundamental, taken-for-granted understandings that govern their interpretations. As the folklorists in this issue have observed, trauma disturbs those patterns of cultural life, sometimes permanently. If ordinary life was ever intelligible, even if unarticulated, trauma can make it unintelligible, unrecognizable, unfathomable. Is that what we try to empathize with, with the loss of ordinary life? Even survivors, having shared a collective trauma, more often say that they cannot speak for each other, or they cannot speak for a collective whole. To some extent, the representation of trauma is always about the unrepresentable, the untellable, the unspeakable. And yet, at the same time, the obligation to remember, to tell, and the desire to be heard supersedes this limitation.
Joachim Lelewel’s Edda of 1807
Authors: Krakow Annett
Published: July 2017

This article focuses on Joachim Lelewel’s interest in Old Norse literature as reflected in his paper on Old Norse literature delivered in 1806 and his book Edda that was published a year later. Lelewel’s Edda comprises the first Polish translation (partly as a concise retelling) of selected parts of the French translation of the Poetic Edda and the Snorra Edda as included in Paul Henri Mallet’s Monumens de la mythologie [...] published in 1756. Lelewel’s work is placed in the context of the rising interest in this literature before 1800, whereby special attention is put on the sources Lelewel resorted to, in particular Mallet’s publications and articles in the French literary magazine Magasin Encyclopedique. Comparing the Eddas in Lelewel’s and Mallet’s publications, one can, among other things, note that Lelewel (1) ignores the literary value of the dialogue form in Gylfaginning due to a narrow focus on the mythological content (2) relates the migration of the Scythians to northern Europe in his introduction which thus serves as a substitute for the missing Prologue to the Snorra Edda and (3) partly deviates from Mallet in his footnotes. Aspects (2) and (3) can also be linked back to Lelewel’s use of Magasin Encyclopedique.
The Efect of Probiotic Lactobacilli and Alginite on the Cellular Immune Response in Salmonella Infected Mice
Authors: Hlubeňová K. , Mudroňová D. , Nemcová R. , Gancarčíková S. , Maďar M. , Sciranková Ľ.
Published: July 2017

Alginite is organic matter rich in humic substances and commonly found in nature, but despite that, the knowledge of its biological effects is limited. In our study we focused on monitoring the effects of alginite alone, as well as its effect as a carrier of probiotic lactobacilli on the cellular immune response in SPF mice after infection with Salmonella Typhimurium. Sixty six conventional SPF female mice of the Balb/c line were divided into 4 groups: 1. infection free negative control (NK) supplied neither alginite nor probiotic lactobacilli in the feed; 2. infection free alginite control (Alg) supplied feed with 10 % alginite; infected control supplied alginite in the feed but no lactobacilli; 3. infectious control (Alg + Sal) - animals infected with salmonella and supplied 10 % alginite in the feed but no lactobacilli;and 4. probiotic group (Lab + Alg + Sal) - animals infected with salmonella and administered 10 % alginite and Lactobacillus reuteri 2/6 in the feed. On day 21 of the experiments, the mice were bled and their mesenteric lymph nodes were taken after their death. The peripheral blood of the mice was analysed for the activity of phagocytes and the percentage of selected lymphocyte subpopulations was determined in the mesenteric lymph nodes and blood. The significantly highest phagocytic activity (FA) was noted in the infected group with alginite (Alg + Sal). The FA was significantly increased in groups Alg and Lab + Alg + Sal in comparison with the NK group. The highest engulfing ability of phagocytes (phagocytic index) was observed in the Lab + Alg + Sal group in comparison with other groups, but also in Alg group in comparison with NK. In the Lab + Alg + Sal group, we observed a significantly higher percentage of B-lymphocytes, CD4+CD8+ and natural killer T cells (NKT), but more significant impact on the numbers of subpopulations of lymphocytes was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes, with the significantly highest proportions of CD4+CD8+lymphocytes and NK and NKT cells. Our results indicated immunomodulatory properties of alginite and L. reuteri 2/6 in salmonella infected mice, especially at the level of the innate immune system components. This activation of phagocytosis and NK cells can be used in the treatment of various infections.
Natural product for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bui Thanh Tung , Nguyen Thanh Hai
Published: July 2017

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is related to increasing age. It is mainly characterized by progressive neurodegenerative disease, which damages memory and cognitive function. Natural products offer many options to reduce the progress and symptoms of many kinds of diseases, including AD. Meanwhile, natural compound structures, including lignans, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, triterpenes, sterols, and alkaloids, have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, and anticholinesterase activities. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis and targets for treatment of AD. We also present several medicinal plants and isolated compounds that are used for preventing and reducing symptoms of AD.
Introduction: Enquiries Into Contemporary Ritual Landscapes
Authors: Virtanen Pirjo Kristiina , Lundell Eleonora A. , Honkasalo Marja-Liisa
Published: July 2017

‘Landscape’ and ‘ritual’ have been largely discussed in the social and human sciences, although their inter-relatedness has gained little scholarly attention. Drawing on earlier studies of ritual and landscape, as well as the authors′ own ethnographic works, ‘ritual landscape’ is suggested here as a useful analytical tool with which to understand how landscapes are produced, and how they, in their turn, produce certain types of being. ‘Ritual landscape’ recognises different modalities of agency, power-relation, knowledge, emotion, and movement. The article shows how the subjectivity of other-than-human beings such as ancestors, earth formations, land, animals, plants and, in general, materiality of ritual contexts, shape landscapes. We argue that ways of perceiving landscape includes a number of material and immaterial aspects indicated by ways of moving through landscapes and interacting with different human and non-human subjects that come to inhabit the world, creating relations and producing agentive ensembles and complexes.
Initiations in the Burmese Ritual Landscape
Authors: Brac de la Perrière Bénédicte
Published: July 2017

In Buddhist Burma, a variety of ritual has been found pertaining to quite differentiated aspects of religion. This rich ritual landscape remains under-examined due partly to the Buddhist-studies bias of most of the scholars looking at religion in Burma. In this paper, I develop comparative analysis of a class of ritual, namely that of initiation, in three components of Burmese religion: Buddhist monasticism, Buddhist esotericism, and spirit worship. At least from the present analytic perspective, the three components considered could be taken as encompassing the entire Buddhist religious sphere in Burma. Looking at initiation rituals in these three ‘paths’ is a means of understanding how they frame contrasting kinds of differently valued religious practice, and of showing that, although not often discussed, rituals do matter in Burma because they help to distinguish categories of action according to their relative religiosity. By doing so, I aim to give a sense of the real diversity of the Burmese ritual landscape, which until recently was rarely taken into account, and to contribute to the on-going debate in the field of Buddhist studies on what could be encapsulated as the question of Buddhism and spirit cults in Southeast Asian Theravada.
The Postpartum Tradition of Sawa Mahina in Rural Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Qamar Azher Hameed
Published: July 2017

The Punjabi postpartum tradition is called sawa mahina (‘five weeks’). This study investigates infant health care belief practices in rural Punjab and looks at the social significance of infant care beliefs practiced during sawa mahina. During six months of fieldwork, using participant observation and unstructured interviews as primary research methods, the study explored the prevalent postpartum tradition from a childcare perspective. A Punjabi child holds a social value regarding familial, religious, and emotional values. The five-week traditional postpartum period provides an insight into mother-child attachment, related child care belief practices, and the social construction of infancy. A child’s agency is recognised in the embodied mother-child relationship, and a child is seen in a sympathetic connection with the mother. Establishing an early foundation of ascribed identities is another important part of postpartum belief practices.
‘Blood’ Kinship and Kinship in Christ’s Blood: Nomadic Evangelism in the Nenets Tundra
Authors: Vagramenko Tatiana
Published: July 2017

The article addresses a conflicting encounter of two ideologies of kinship, ‘natural’ and ‘religious’, among the newly established Evangelical communities of Nenets in the Polar Ural and Yamal tundra. An ideology of Christian kinship, as an outcome of ‘spiritual re-birth’, was introduced through Nenets religious conversion. The article argues that although the born-again experience often turned against ancestral traditions and Nenets traditional kinship ties, the Nenets kinship system became a platform upon which the conversion mechanism was furthered and determined in the Nenets tundra. The article examines missionary initiatives and Nenets religiosity as kin-based activities, the outcome of which was twofold. On one side, it was the realignment of Nenets traditional kinship networks. On other side, it was the indigenisation of the Christian concept of kinship according to native internal cultural logic. Evangelical communities in the tundra were plunged into the traditional practices of Nenets kinship networks, economic exchanges, and marriage alliances. Through negotiation of traditional Nenets kinship and Christian kinship, converted Nenets developed new imaginaries, new forms of exchanges, and even new forms of mobility.
A one year review of eclampsia in an Ethiopian Tertiary Care Center (Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, SPHMMC)
Authors: Mekuria Thomas , Abdosh Abdulfetah
Published: July 2017

Eclampsia remains one of the five major causes of maternal mortality in developing countries. Advances in diagnosis and management have led to a significant reduction in maternal mortality and morbidity from this disease in developed countries. In developing countries the incidence of maternal death attributed to eclampsia remains high and, in Ethiopia, maternal mortality from this complication has instead risen over the last decade. The purpose of this study was to review the incidence of eclampsia at the largest feto-maternal center in the country over 1 year in an attempt to determine what quality improvement measures are needed and could realistically be implemented within the system to decrease this complication. There were a total of 104 eclamptic patients during the study period. The hospital incidence of eclampsia was 82/10,000 deliveries excluding those arriving to the hospital in the postpartum period (28 cases). There were eight maternal deaths making the case fatality rate one in 13 cases. The median convulsion to arrival time, referral to arrival time and magnesium sulphate administration time were found to be 3, 2 and 3 h, respectively. The probability of multiple seizures (≥3 episodes) was increased significantly with the prolongation of these time variables. Occurrence of multiple seizures was in turn significantly associated with adverse maternal outcomes (ICU admission, morbidities and mortalities). As expected, there was a high incidence of eclampsia and eclampsia related maternal death in the hospital. We recommend a thorough assessment of the referral system, upgrading and capacity building of more health facilities, organizing trainings and drills in health facilities; and availing magnesium sulphate in all health centers among others.
Pathophysiology of meningioma growth in pregnancy
Authors: Hortobágyi Tibor , Bencze János , Murnyák Balázs , Kouhsari Mahan C. , Bognár László , Marko-Varga György
Published: July 2017

Meningioma is among the most frequent brain tumours predominantly affecting elderly women. Epidemiological studies have shown that at the age of fertility the incidence is relatively low. The biological behaviour of meningioma in pregnancy is different from other meningiomas. The possible explanation is rooted in the complex physiological changes and hormonal differences during pregnancy. The increased meningioma growth observed in pregnancy is presumably the result of endocrine mechanisms. These include increase in progesterone, human placental lactogen (hPL) and prolactin (PRL) serum levels. In contrast, levels of pituitary hormones such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the placenta are decreasing in the mother prior to childbirth. Besides, vascular factors also play a crucial role. Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE), with well-known causative association with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), can often be seen both with imaging and in the surgical specimens. Our aim is to assess published research on this topic including diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines, and to provide a clinically useful overview on the pathophysiology and biological behaviour of this rare complication of pregnancy.
Galectin-3 expression in colorectal cancer and its correlation with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis
Authors: Tao Liu , Jin Li , Dechun Li , Hongqiang Yang , Changhua Kou , Guijun Lei
Published: July 2017

Objective

To explore the expression levels of galectin-3 in colorectal cancer and the association between galectin-3 and its clinical pathological parameters, as well as the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.

Methods

An immunohistochemistry assay was used to test the expression levels of galectin-3 in cancer tissues of 61 colorectal cancer cases and in normal intestinal tissues adjacent to the cancer tissues of 23 cases. The associations between protein expression levels of galectin-3 and the clinicopathological features, such as age, sex, pathology type, lymphatic metastasis, and prognosis were also analyzed.

Results

The positive rate of galectin-3 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than that of cancer-adjacent tissues: 62.5% (38/61) versus 13.0% (3/23) (P<0.05), respectively. Correlation was found between the protein expression of galectin-3 and the tumor size (P<0.05), as well as between the tumor differentiation (P<0.05) and Duke staging (P<0.05). The median progression-free survival times of patients with galectin-3 positive and negative expression were 19.2 and 35.1 months, respectively, with significant statistical difference (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Galectin-3 expression was correlated with the genesis and development of colorectal cancer and which could be used a biological marker for the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.
Das „Altwerden funktionaler Differenzierung“ und die „nächste Gesellschaft“
Authors: Lehmann Maren
Published: July 2017

Der vorliegende Text diskutiert die Möglichkeit, dass die funktional differenzierte Gesellschaft eine (sehr alte) variantenreiche Gleichzeitigkeit sozialer Ordnungen ist und sich selbst als Gesellschaft im Sinne einer Ökologie von Verfallserfahrungen und Fortschrittserwartungen, einer Ressource formaler Organisation und eines medialen Netzes beschreibt. Gefragt wird danach, ob der Primat funktionaler Differenzierung, der diese Formvarianten ermöglicht, nochmals wechseln kann und ob das zur Folge hätte, dass diese Gesellschaft durch eine ‚nächste Gesellschaft‘ abgelöst würde.
Modelling of Electrodynamic Phenomena in Slowly Moving Media
Authors: Rozov Andrey Leonidovich
Published: July 2017

We discuss the feasibility of using, along with Minkowski equations obtained on the basis of the theory of relativity and used at present in electrodynamics, alternative methods of describing the processes of interaction between electromagnetic fields and moving media. In this article, a way of describing electromagnetic fields in terms of classical mechanics is offered. A system of electrodynamic equations for slowly moving media was derived on the basis of Maxwell’s theory within the framework of classical mechanics using Wilsons’ experimental data with dielectrics in a previous article [A. Rozov, Z. Naturforsch. 70, 1019 (2015)]. This article puts forward a physical model that explains the features of the derived equations. The offered model made it possible to suggest a new approach to the derivation of electrodynamic equations for slowly moving media. A variant of Galileo’s relativity principle, in accordance with which the electrodynamic equations for slowly moving media should be considered as Galilean-invariant, is laid down on the basis of both the interpretation of Galileo’s concept following from Galileo’s works and Pauli’s concept of postulate of relativity within the framework of the represented physical model.
Zero-Time Tunneling – Revisited
Authors: Nimtz Günter , Aichmann Horst
Published: July 2017

Since 1931, the nonclassical process of tunneling was conjectured to have a zero-time delay in the barrier. These theories have been rejected and denied. However, photonic and recent electronic tunneling experiments have proven the zero-time prediction. Tunneling is due to virtual wave packets in electromagnetic, elastic, and Schrödinger wave fields up to the macroscopic level. In this article we cite theoretical and experimental studies on zero-time tunneling, which have proven this striking behavior.
Arqueologia subaquática brasileira: Por que o país aproveita mal sua capacidade científica?
Authors: Amarante Cristiane Eugênia , Bava-de-Camargo Paulo Fernando
Published: July 2017

A Arqueologia subaquática vem sendo desenvolvida, no Brasil, desde o início da década de 1990, embora haja antecedentes pontuais. A despeito desse ramo da Arqueologia ter avançado significativamente nesses quase 25 anos, ainda há um difícil processo de regulação científica de sua prática. Um dos maiores desafios é a legislação brasileira em relação às regras internacionais. Enquanto a Convenção da UNESCO para a Proteção do Patrimônio Cultural Subaquático (2001), ainda não adotada pelo Brasil, constitui instrumento preservacionista, a Lei federal 7.542/1986, alterada pela 10.166/2000, é extremamente permissiva, possibilitando a comercialização de bens arqueológicos. Essa distorção cria dificuldades para a prática da Arqueologia subaquática em águas territoriais e estimula a caça ao tesouro, uma vez que os maus hábitos internos fornecem desagradável cartão de visitas.
Reflexões histórico-religiosas em torno de Serápis
Authors: Sanzi Ennio
Published: July 2017

O presente estudo, que teve como ponto de partida uma coleta de dados prosopográficos do culto a Ísis, transformou-se em uma pesquisa histórico-religiosa sobre a realidade religiosa envolvida na crença e veneração dos deuses egípcios, Serápis e Ísis, no âmbito romano, analisando-se em especial indícios e manifestações destas crenças na cidade de Roma, onde estes cultos alcançaram seu pleno desenvolvimento no séc. II d.C. O estudo engloba interpretações sobre o perfil dos seguidores e seguidoras destas divindades, evidenciando a singular participação de libertos, escravos e sobretudo de mulheres, além da dimensão étnica presente. Práticas cultuais, expectativas e concepções associadas a estas duas divindades são estudadas, por meio de uma combinação entre fontes coptas, gregas e latinas, aportadas pela tradição literária, papirológica e epigráfica. Articulam-se bilhetes oraculares e papiros mágicos gregos; inscrições isíacas e serápicas e inscrições gregas encontradas em Roma.
Anatomia do lenho carbonizado de 10 espécies nativas da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul – Subsídio a pesquisas arqueobotânicas e paleoecológicas
Authors: Ávila André , Giongo Claudia , Scheel-Ybert Rita
Published: July 2017

RESUMO: 
Antracologia é o estudo do carvão arqueológico ou de origem sedimentar a partir da anatomia do lenho. Uma correta identificação depende de um bom conhecimento da anatomia do lenho e de material de referência adequado. Neste artigo descrevemos a anatomia do carvão de dez espécies nativas que ocorrem na Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul – Lithraea brasiliensis, Schinus polygamus (Anacardiaceae), Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae), Ocotea pulchella (Lauraceae), Myrcia palustris, Myrrhinium atropurpureum (Myrtaceae), Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae), Randia ferox (Rubiaceae), Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae) e Chrysophyllum marginatum (Sapotaceae). A estrutura anatômica da madeira se preservou perfeitamente após carbonização, apesar de ter ocorrido redução de massa e contração anisotrópica. As pequenas variações induzidas por estes fenômenos não interferem na qualidade do carvão nem no potencial de identificação dos taxa. Os resultados obtidos corroboram a viabilidade da identificação taxonômica a partir da anatomia do carvão.
ABSTRACT: 
Anthracology is the study of charcoal from archaeological or sedimentary contexts based on wood anatomy. A proper identification depends on a good knowledge of charcoal anatomy as well as on the availability of appropriate reference material. In this paper we describe the charcoal anatomy of ten woody species that occur at Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain (Southern Brazil) – Lithraea brasiliensis, Schinus polygamus (Anacardiaceae), Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae), Ocotea pulchella (Lauraceae), Myrcia palustris, Myrrhinium atropurpureum (Myrtaceae), Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae), Randia ferox (Rubiaceae), Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae) and Chrysophyllum marginatum (Sapotaceae). The wood anatomical structure was perfectly preserved after carbonization, despite mass loss and anisotropic shrinkage. The small variations due to these properties do not affect charcoal quality nor its identification potential. The results here obtained attest of the reliability of taxonomic identification from charcoal anatomy.
Ponovno otkriveni srednjovjekovni rukopis Codex Filippi i zadarska redakcija Pasije sv. Anastazije*
Authors: Vedriš Trpimir
Published: July 2017

U radu se iznose rezultati istraživanja ulomka zadarskog srednjovjekovnog rukopisa poznatog kao Cod. Lat. Iaderensis Filippi (S. Mariae) čije je otkriće u Londonu (nakon što je njegova sudbina bila nepoznata gotovo pola stoljeća) omogućilo obnavljanje zanimanja za hagiografiju zadarskih svetaca gradskih zaštitnika sv. Anastazije (Stošije) i sv. Krizogona (Krševana). Na tragu kodikološke i paleografske raščlambe rukopisa autor upozorava na niz otvorenih problema vezanih uz tumačenje podrijetla i naravi predmetnog kodeksa. Osvrćući se na dosad iznesena mišljenja o starosti i funkciji tog prepravljanog i reutiliziranog kodeksa utvrđuje da se radi o liturgijskoj knjizi koja bi se, iako je bila korištena za različite svrhe, mogla opisati kao Legendarij. Prethodno iznesena mišljenja o vremenu nastanka i starosti kodeksa varirala su između 12. i 15. st. Uzimajući u obzir uočene paleografske i stilske karakteristike rukopisa autor ga uspoređuje sa srodnim liturgijskim knjigama sa šireg sjevernojadranskog područja predlažući sužavanje mogućeg vremena njegova nastanka na razdoblje između kasnog 13. i druge polovice 14. st. Konačno, na temelju uočavanja srodnosti sa skupinom rukopisa sa šireg akvilejskog područja, autor predlaže povezivanje u kodeksu sačuvane Passio Sanctae Anastasiae sa sjevernotalijanskom redakcijom te legende.
Prilog poznavanju djelovanja Mateja Andrijina Moronzona*
Authors: Španjol-Pandelo Barbara
Published: July 2017

U radu se nastoji rekonstruirati životni put venecijanskog drvorezbara Mateja Andrijina Moronzona, te interpretirati jedna od važnijih drvorezbarenih cjelina sačuvanih in situ, korska sjedala u nekadašnjoj katedrali rapske biskupije, današnjoj nadžupnoj crkvi Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije u Rabu. Interpretacija rapskih korskih sjedala Ive Petriciolija, te očigledna formalno-stilska veza sa sjedalima iz katedrale Sv. Stošije u Zadru dovela su do općeg prihvaćanja pretpostavke da su sjedala izrađena u radionici Mateja Andrijina Moronzona. Međutim, u znanstvenoj literaturi nedostaje opsežna komparativna analiza koja bi tu pretpostavku učvrstila, a na temelju koje će se u ovom radu nastojati jasnije obrazložiti navedena hipoteza.
Prilozi proučavanju crkve Svetog Mateja u Splitu
Authors: Basić Ivan
Published: July 2017

Predmet rada je crkva Svetog Mateja, koja se do 1881. nalazila uz južni ulaz u splitsku katedralu, naknadno umetnuta između periptera i temenosa Dioklecijanova mauzoleja. Analizom antičke prostorne situacije, pisanih izvora, raspoznatljivih ostataka crkve i njenoga izvornog sadržaja (sarkofag ukrašen reljefom ukriženih ljiljana s epitafom nadbiskupa Ivana) autor se zalaže za njenu dataciju u drugu polovinu 8. stoljeća. Naglašava ravensko porijeklo uzoraka reljefnog ukrasa, naslovnika crkve te njenog utemeljitelja, kojeg poistovjećuje s obnoviteljem salonitanske nadbiskupije u Splitu, Ivanom iz Ravene.
Giovanni Vendramin i iluminacije u inkunabulama samostana Sv. Frane u Šibeniku
Authors: Goja Bojan
Published: July 2017

Samostan franjevaca konventualaca Sv. Frane u Šibeniku posjeduje vrijednu zbirku inkunabula među kojima posebnu pozornost zaslužuju izdanja ukrašena iluminacijama. Inkunabula Johannesa Dunsa Scotusa, Scriptum in quattuor libros Sententiarum Petri Lombardi (Johannes de Colonia et Johannes Manthen, Venecija, 1477.) ukrašena je kvalitetnim figuralnim i fitomorfnim iluminacijama koje pokazuju izrazite sličnosti s radovima padovanskog renesansnog minijaturista Giovannija Vendramina. Cezarovi Commentariorvm de bello Gallico (Milano, Antonius Zarotus, 1477.) ukrašeni su dekorativnim okvirima s motivom bijelih stabljika vinove loze (tal. bianchi girari). Takav tip dekorativnog okvira često je koristio i Giovanni Vendramin a šibenski primjerci vrlo su bliski nekim njegovim radovima naročito onima rađenima za padovanskog biskupa Jacopa Zena.
Barokna preinaka crkve Gospe od Karmela u Trogiru
Authors: Babić Ivo
Published: July 2017

Na mjestu srednjovjekovne crkve u 17. stoljeća podignuta je nova crkva koju su vjerojatno gradili članovi radionice Bokanić. Međutim, početkom druge polovine 18. stoljeća crkvu je, pretpostavlja se, radikalno preinačio Ignacije Macanović sa suradnicima.
Uspomeni vremena sretnog – in memoriam Marijani Kovačević
Authors: Josipović Ivan
Published: July 2017

In memoriam, Nekrolog
Prilozi ranom opusu Giovannija Bonazze u Kopru, Veneciji i Padovi te bilješka za njegove sinove Francesca i Antonija
Authors: Tulić Damir
Published: July 2017

Stilske su mijene u opusu nekog kipara za istraživače podjednako izazov i izvor nedoumica. To se posebno može primijeniti na istraživanje i pokušaj prepoznavanja mladenačkih radova određenog majstora u trenutku kada su još jaki utjecaji njegova učitelja. Također, nedovoljno iskustvo u svladavanju složenijih skulptorskih zadatka za majstora na početku karijere, često onemogućuje ispravnu valorizaciju njegova djela. Međutim, pojam mladenačkih ostvarenja u opusima kipara djelatnih u Veneciji Sei i Settecenta treba se uzeti s oprezom. Naime, za većinu su majstora slabo poznati njihovi učitelji, a još slabije djela iz razdoblja kada su sigurno već bili samostalni majstori, odnosno tijekom njihovih dvadesetih i tridesetih godina. Slična se situacija mogla sve do nedavno zamijetiti i u ranom opusu kipara Giovannija Bonazze (Venecija, 1654. – Padova, 1736.) budući da je arhivski najranije zabilježen 1684. kada je kipar imao već trideset godina. Iscrpnim proučavanjem cjelokupnog Giovannijevog opusa, Simeone Guerriero s pravom je predložio da bi potpisani reljef s prikazom Navještenja iz župne crkve Svetog Mateja u Dobro-ti u Boki Kotorskoj trebalo smatrati najranijim kiparevim djelom nastalim oko 1679. godine, kada kipar kleše i dvije Sibile te putta nad ulaznim portalom venecijanske crkve Santa Maria del Giglio.
Maternal and female fetal testosterone levels are associated with maternal age and gestational weight gain
Authors: Kallak Theodora Kunovac , Hellgren Charlotte , Skalkidou Alkistis , Sandelin-Francke Lotta , Ubhayasekhera Kumari , Bergquist Jonas , Axelsson Ove , Comasco Erika , Campbell Rebecca E , Sundström Poromaa Inger
Published: July 2017

Objective

Prenatal androgen exposure has been suggested to play a role in polycystic ovary syndrome. Given the limited information on what maternal characteristics influence maternal testosterone levels, and the even less explored routes by which female fetus androgen exposure would occur, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of maternal age, BMI, weight gain, depressed mood and aromatase SNPs on testosterone levels in maternal serum and amniotic fluid of female fetuses.

Methods

Blood samples from pregnant women (n = 216) obtained in gestational weeks 35–39, and pre-labor amniotic fluid samples from female fetuses (n = 56), taken at planned Caesarean section or in conjunction with amniotomy for induction of labor, were analyzed. Maternal serum testosterone and amniotic fluid testosterone and cortisol were measured by tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

Multiparity (β = −0.28,P < 0.001), self-rated depression (β = 0.26,P < 0.001) and weight gain (β = 0.18,P < 0.05) were independent explanatory factors for the maternal total testosterone levels. Maternal age (β = −0.34,P < 0.001), weight gain (β = 0.19,P < 0.05) and amniotic fluid cortisol levels (β = 0.44,P < 0.001) were independent explanatory factors of amniotic fluid testosterone in female fetuses, explaining 64.3% of the variability in amniotic fluid testosterone.

Wider implications of the findings

Young maternal age and excessive maternal weight gain may increase the prenatal androgen exposure of female fetuses. Further studies are needed to explore this finding.
Acromegaly is associated with increased cancer risk: a survey in Italy
Authors: Terzolo Massimo , Reimondo Giuseppe , Berchialla Paola , Ferrante Emanuele , Malchiodi Elena , De Marinis Laura , Pivonello Rosario , Grottoli Silvia , Losa Marco , Cannavo Salvatore , Ferone Diego , Montini Marcella , Bondanelli Marta , De Menis Ernesto , Martini Chiara , Puxeddu Efisio , Velardo Antonino , Peri Alessandro , Faustini-Fustini Marco , Tita Patrizia , Pigliaru Francesca , Peraga Giulia , Borretta Giorgio , Scaroni Carla , Bazzoni Nicoletta , Bianchi Antonio , Berton Alessandro , Serban Andreea Liliana , Baldelli Roberto , Fatti Letizia Maria , Colao Annamaria , Arosio Maura , _ _
Published: July 2017

It is debated if acromegalic patients have an increased risk to develop malignancies. The aim of the present study was to assess the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of different types of cancer in acromegaly on a large series of acromegalic patients managed in the somatostatin analogs era. It was evaluated the incidence of cancer in an Italian nationwide multicenter cohort study of 1512 acromegalic patients, 624 men and 888 women, mean age at diagnosis 45 ± 13 years, followed up for a mean of 10 years (12573 person-years) in respect to the general Italian population. Cancer was diagnosed in 124 patients, 72 women and 52 men. The SIRs for all cancers was significantly increased compared to the general Italian population (expected: 88, SIR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.18–1.68, P < 0.001). In the whole series, we found a significantly increased incidence of colorectal cancer (SIR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.07–2.58, P = 0.022), kidney cancer (SIR 2.87; 95% CI, 1.55–5.34, P < 0.001) and thyroid cancer (SIR 3.99; 95% CI, 2.32–6.87, P < 0.001). The exclusion of 11 cancers occurring before diagnosis of acromegaly (all in women) did not change remarkably the study outcome. In multivariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with an increased risk of malignancy were age and family history of cancer, with a non-significant trend for the estimated duration of acromegaly before diagnosis. In conclusion, we found evidence that acromegaly in Italy is associated with a moderate increase in cancer risk.
Transendothelial movement of adiponectin is restricted by glucocorticoids
Authors: Dang Thanh Q , Yoon Nanyoung , Chasiotis Helen , Dunford Emily C , Feng Qilong , He Pingnian , Riddell Michael C , Kelly Scott P , Sweeney Gary
Published: July 2017

Altered permeability of the endothelial barrier in a variety of tissues has implications both in disease pathogenesis and treatment. Glucocorticoids are potent mediators of endothelial permeability, and this forms the basis for their heavily prescribed use as medications to treat ocular disease. However, the effect of glucocorticoids on endothelial barriers elsewhere in the body is less well studied. Here, we investigated glucocorticoid-mediated changes in endothelial flux of Adiponectin (Ad), a hormone with a critical role in diabetes. First, we used monolayers of endothelial cells in vitro and found that the glucocorticoid dexamethasone increased transendothelial electrical resistance and reduced permeability of polyethylene glycol (PEG, molecular weight 4000 Da). Dexamethasone reduced flux of Ad from the apical to basolateral side, measured both by ELISA and Western blotting. We then examined a diabetic rat model induced by treatment with exogenous corticosterone, which was characterized by glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia. There was no change in circulating Ad but less Ad protein in skeletal muscle homogenates, despite slightly higher mRNA levels, in diabetic vs control muscles. Dexamethasone-induced changes in Ad flux across endothelial monolayers were associated with alterations in the abundance of select claudin tight junction (TJ) proteins. shRNA-mediated knockdown of one such gene, claudin-7, in HUVEC resulted in decreased TEER and increased adiponectin flux, confirming the functional significance of Dex-induced changes in its expression. In conclusion, our study identifies glucocorticoid-mediated reductions in flux of Ad across endothelial monolayers in vivo and in vitro. This suggests that impaired Ad action in target tissues, as a consequence of reduced transendothelial flux, may contribute to the glucocorticoid-induced diabetic phenotype.
Análisis factorial múltiple para clasificación de universidades latinoamericanas
Authors: Corzo Jimmy A.
Published: July 2017

Se utiliza la técnica del análisis factorial múltiple (AFM) para proponer cinco clases de universidades latinoamericanas a partir de tres conocidos rankings las cuales distinguen por ejemplo universidades con alto grado de especialización y baja productividad; universidades de excelencia con bajo liderazgo científico; universidades que no gozan de buena reputación pero tienen docentes productivos; universidades con buena reputación y pocos docentes con doctorado; y universidades productivas de alto impacto y bajos índices de colaboración internacional. Los factores producto del AFM revelan algunas paradojas que se corroboran en la clasificación como el oponer el grado de especialización a la productividad; el liderazgo científico contra impacto y calidad de la productividad; o la posible inconveniencia de incluir criterios de opinión que resultan independientes del liderazgo y del impacto
Landscapes preferences in the human species: insights for ethnobiology from evolutionary psychology
Authors: Moura Joelson Moreno Brito , Ferreira Junior Washington Soares , Silva Taline Cristina , Albuquerque Ulysses Paulino
Published: July 2017

According to evolutionary psychology, landscapes preferences by the human species are influenced by their evolutionary past. A set of psychological processes may have been selected to guide the selection of landscapes that offered advantages for the survival and reproduction of human groups in the past. In addition, these psychological mechanisms may also influence the current human behavior in landscapes preference. Based on this, Gordon Orians postulated the savanna hypothesis, which predicts that the human being prefers these environments, since in the past, African savanna environments had a set of important characteristics for survival. If this is true, there are important implications for ethnobiological studies that seek to understand the factors that can influence the selection and management of landscapes by human groups.
Dynamics of social-ecological systems: gender influence in local medical systems
Authors: Torres­-Avilez Wendy Marisol , Paulino Albuquerque Ulysses
Published: July 2017

Studies have reported that gender influences the variation of knowledge of local medical systems. However, most of the ethnobiological studies that analyze the variation of knowledge have focused on analyzing only the richness of known resources. Therefore, in this review we discuss the importance of analyzing the variation of knowledge between genders with a multifactorial and non-unidirectional perspective. It also presents proposals for future studies that analyze the influence of gender on local medical systems, considering the dynamics of social-ecological systems.
Indoor air quality and mechanical ventilation for technology buildings
Authors: Strakova Zuzana , Takacs Jan
Published: July 2017

Creating of indoor environment in the work area in industrial buildings should be based on cooperation between heating and ventilation. However, practice shows that this is not truth in many cases. Both professions are many times designed separately. Result is their noncooperation leading to a mutual obstruction in terms of disposal location or functional operation of the systems. Creating a heating and ventilation system, which would both be designed in accordance with applicable legislation and it would create an optimal indoor environment for people in working area, to find solution in combination of radiant heating with ventilation air recovery unit.