bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Interplay of Disc Desiccation and Radiculopathy: A Case Study Emphasizing Their Combined Impact on Symptomatology, Diagnostic Challenges, and Therapeutic Outcomes
Authors: Antony Hamlin Joseph , Sunil Manjima
Published: December 2024

Disc desiccation and radiculopathy are prevalent spinal disorders that can lead to significant musculoskeletal and neurological complications. Disc desiccation is characterized by the gradual loss of hydration in intervertebral discs, diminishing their elasticity and shock-absorbing ability, which may eventually result in conditions such as disc herniation or spinal stenosis. Radiculopathy arises from compression or irritation of the spinal nerve roots, often due to degenerative changes like herniated discs, leading to pain, numbness, and weakness along the affected nerve pathway. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency, a common condition, can amplify chronic pain and neuromuscular symptoms, revealing the interrelated nature of these conditions.
This study examines the case of a 21-year-old female who presented with progressively worsening radiating pain in her left leg, stemming from a five-year history of misdiagnosed ligament and tendon injuries. The study highlights the interconnected roles of disc desiccation, radiculopathy, and Vitamin D deficiency, emphasizing their combined effect on symptom presentation, diagnostic complexity, and treatment outcomes. It advocates for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates structural, neurological, and nutritional evaluations to optimize patient care. The study also suggests that further research is needed to investigate the potential benefits of Vitamin D supplementation and strength training in alleviating chronic pain and supporting recovery in similar cases.

Key words: disc desiccation, radiculopathy, vitamin D, strength training.
Effect of Physiotherapeutic Rehabilitation on Post Surgical Case of Quadricepsplasty
Authors: Ghimire Anjila , . Amit
Published: December 2024

Objective: To present the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic rehabilitation on patients after quadricepsplasty surgery.
Design: Case Report
Case description: A five-year-old boy presented with chief complaints of stiffness and restricted ROM and inability to walk for 1.5 months. He had a history of quadricepsplasty surgery. Patient was advised to take a physiotherapy session for at least 6 weeks. The knee ROM, muscle strength, NPRS score and Functional Disability Inventory score were evaluated at 4th week and 6th week after physiotherapy sessions. The functional activities were enhanced by implementing a rehabilitation program tailored to quadricepsplasty patients.
Conclusion: Outcome scores revealed that knee ROM, muscle strength, NPRS score and Functional Disability Inventory score improved with the rehabilitation. In conclusion, the findings of the study support that surgery specific physiotherapeutic rehabilitation is effective in improving functional outcome after quadricepsplasty.

Key words: Quadricepsplasty, physiotherapy, stiffness, flexion deformity
Community Adaptation Strategies in Facing Land Movement Prone Areas in Deliksari Village, Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City
Authors: Mahatma Wildan Sayuthi , Putri Allifia Fatika , Gyadu Emmanuel Ofori
Published: December 2024

Deliksari Village, Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City, is an area prone to land movement disasters due to geological conditions and high rainfall. This research aims to find out the community's adaptation strategy in facing the disaster. A qualitative approach was applied to understand the role and strategies of the community in disaster prevention and management. Data were collected through interviews and observations with residents and the Head of RT of Deliksari Village, to identify the occurrence of land movement disasters and the adaptation strategies applied. The results showed that the community has high awareness and preparedness, reflected in the initiative and collection of contributions for infrastructure improvements. Despite facing obstacles such as lack of information and embarrassment in asking for help, the spirit of mutual cooperation is the key to community resilience. This research confirms that disaster mitigation is not only the responsibility of the government, but a collective effort of all elements of society. With support from the government and the private sector, communities can improve their preparedness for future ground motion risks. The findings provide valuable insights for the development of more effective disaster mitigation strategies, and serve as a model for other areas facing similar risks.

Keywords: Adaptation strategies, disaster mitigation, land movement prone, Deliksari,
Efforts to Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes Through the Question and Answer Method for Class V Students at SDN Socah 2
Authors: Silviya Ayu Lestari  , Widiyah Dwi Wulan Sari  , Fitri Fatimah
Published: December 2024

One effevtive learning method to achieve the desired student learning outcomes is through a learning process that incorporates learning strategies such as methods, models, and instructional media expected to achieve the learning objectives. Classroom action research conducted aimed to determine whether the use of question and answer methods is effective in improving student learning outcomes, especially in mathematics subjects. The results of the first cycle of research show that students are actively engaged in learning inside the classroom, but on average, they lack confidence in answering some of the questions posed. Meanwhile, in the second cycle, with the researcher's approach focusing more on the students, it can be observed that students are more actively engaged in learning and more confident in answering questions posed because during the question and answer sessions, students also participate in ice breaking activities with the hope of keeping them motivated in learning. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the question and answer method is highly effective in the teaching of mathematics. The implementation of this method has a positive impact on the learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at Socah 1 Elementary School.
Keywords: Mathematics; Question and Answer; Elementary School
Application of PBL Learning Model to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Lessons at SDN Keleyan 2
Authors: Nurhikmah Anisa , Anggraini Lina , Faizol
Published: December 2024

The PBL model is used as a learning approach that encourages students to be actively involved in solving problems that are relevant to real contexts both individually and in groups. The implementation of this research involves the stages of initial planning, implementation, observation, reflection, and preparation of revised plans. This study was conducted involving 25 class 3B students at Keleyan 2 Elementary School as the research sample. Learning outcome data is collected through initial and final tests, as well as observations of student participation during the learning process. The research results showed that there was a significant increase in the learning outcomes of class 3B students at SDN Keleyan 2 after implementing the PBL method. Students show increased understanding of concepts, problem solving abilities, and active involvement in the learning process. It was found that there was a significant increase in the level of learning completion which increased from cycle I (61.2%) and increased in cycle II by (88%). So it can be concluded that the PBL (Problem Based Learning) learning model really improves student learning outcomes in multiplication and division material. Recommendations or suggestions are given to further integrate the PBL model in classroom learning, especially in multiplication and division material in order to strengthen students' conceptual understanding and increase their involvement in the learning process.
The Effectiveness of The NHT Learning Model in Improving The Learning Outcomes of Grade IV Students of Keleyan 2 Primary School in IPAS Subjects
Authors: Widiyati Ayu , Yulianto Muhammad , Abdillah Mohammad , Marcos Rafael
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of improving the learning outcomes of IPAS subjects for IV grade students at Keleyan 2 Primary School through the implementation of the NHT learning model. This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects in this classroom action research were fourth-grade students at Keleyan 2 Primary School, totaling 24 students. The data sources were from teachers and students. Data collection techniques used were interviews, questionnaires, written tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique used was qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of the NHT learning model can improve the learning outcomes of IPAS subjects for fourth-grade students at SDN Keleyan 2, starting from the pre-cycle stage, cycle I, and cycle II. The learning outcomes in the pre-cycle percentage of 20.83%. Student learning outcomes improved in cycle I with a completion percentage of 83.3%. Then, in cycle II, a completion percentage of 95.8%. The conclusion of this research is that the implementation of the NHT learning model can improve the learning outcomes of IPAS subjects for fourth-grade students at SDN Keleyan 2.
Efforts to Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes Multiplication Material Through Smart Board Media Class 3 Primary School
Authors: Praditya Arif , Hasanah Uswatull , Azzahroh Fatimah , Ou Qizhong
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine whether the use of smart board media in mathematics multiplication material can improve the learning outcomes of grade 3 students at UPTD SIN Gili Timur 3. This research uses class action research (PTK). The respondents of this study were grade 3 students at UPTD SDN Gili Timur 3 totalling 5 people, with 2 boys and 3 girls. The results showed that the multiplication smart board learning media can improve student learning outcomes in mathematics subjects multiplication material. The increase in learning outcomes can be seen from: (1) The average score of students in the pre-cycle test is (10.00) which is still in the very poor category. while no student's score reaches the KKM. (2) The average score of students in the Cycle I test is (50.00) which falls into the category of less, while the value of students who reach the KKM is only 1 student or 20%. (3) The average score of students in the Cycle II test is (90.00) which is in the excellent category, while the scores of all students have reached the KKM. This means that during the process of providing action for two cycles, students have increased by (80.00) points. So it can be concluded that the multiplication smart board media has succeeded in improving the ability and learning outcomes of third grade mathematics students of UPTD SDN Gili Timur 3.
Effect of Psychological Stress on Calcium Levels in The Saliva of Perimenopausal women with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Nair Karthika , Ramesh Amitha , Bhandary Rahul , Thomas Biju , Shenoy Nina
Published: December 2024

Background: The physiological phenomenon known as perimenopause affects women as they age. Menopausal state has been linked to periodontal disease. Both the general composition and periodontal turnover of bone is impacted by calcium. Salivary calcium is an exclusive kind of bone marker associated with periodontitis and an accelerated rate of bone mass loss in older women. Calciumi is crucial for the continual development of bone and teethi. Objectives: The intention of this study was to juxtapose thei implications of psychological stress on calcium levels in the saliva of women approaching menopause who had chronic periodontitis to those who did not. Methods: A comprehensive periodontal examination was administered on a total of 24 perimenopausal women who had chronic periodontitis and 24 perimenopausal women without chronic periodontitis. The examination measured the pocket depth, number of lost teeth, plaque index, and calculus index. These parameters were adopted to stratify the participants in accordance with the severity associated with their periodontal disease. Application of the O-Cresolphthalein complex algorithm (OCPC), salivary calcium was quantified. The study focused on an association between salivary calcium levels and psychological stress in individuals mitigating chronic periodontitis. Results: There is a negative correlation between stress levels and salivary calcium. It signifies that salivary calcium diminishes when psychological stress levels are elevated, but this correlation is not statisticallyi significant (p ≤0.05). Conclusion: Salivary calcium levels exhibited a negative correlation with psychological stress, and perimenopausal women who succumbed to psychological stress also bound to have more periodontal impairment.
Standardization of Sombu Theeneer: A Siddha herbal distillate
Authors: G Dhivya. , K Bharathy. , Merlin Kumari H Vetha , Kantham T Lakshmi
Published: December 2024

More individuals are turning to the conventional medical system as they become more conscious of safety and health issues. There is significant export potential for the traditional medicine sectors. Strict quality standards, quality control, safety and efficacy are necessary for export to a number of nations. To create a testing protocol, the Department of Ayush tasked Pharmacopoeial Laboratory for Indian Medicine (PLIM). Among the 32 internal medications in Siddha, Theeneer (distillate) is one of them. Sombu Theeneer is one of the herbal distillate formulations stated in the Siddha literature was taken for analysis. Objective: The current study's primary goal is to standardize the formulation Sombu Theeneer as per Ayush guideline and to disclose the property of the formulation to the scientific community for better understanding about the standards of the formulation. Methods: The sample was purchased from GMP certified company and used for analysis. Numerous parameters, including pesticide residue, microbial load, heavy metal limits, aflatoxins, safety and quality parameters were tested. These requirements were extracted from the PLIM guidelines. Results: The results obtained from the HPTLC analysis of the sample shows the presence of four versatile phytocomponents. The phytochemical analysis of the sample reveals the existence of carbonate, ammonium, iron and alkaloid. Analysis of heavy metals demonstrates unequivocally that lead is present in the sample at 1.180 PPM level. Outcome of specific pathogen test indicates the absence of pathogenic microbes. There were no traces found, according to the pesticide residue analysis results. Additionally, there were no aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, and aflatoxin G2 in the formulation. Conclusion: The present investigation results reveals that the formulation Sombu Theeneer follow the standard outlines in the Ayush guideline.
Visibilizando voces de la literatura japonesa: Traducciones hechas por colombianos
Authors: Jiménez Otálora María Angélica , Álvarez Sanz Daniel
Published: December 2024

"Este artículo surge a partir de la inspiración en el trabajo de Jaime Barrera como pionero de la traducción de literatura japonesa al español. Nuestro objetivo fue indagar sobre el campo de la traducción literaria del japonés al español hecha por colombianos, para, a través de esto, dar una idea del panorama actual sobre este ámbito. Especialmente, nos preguntamos cómo funciona este campo hoy en día, a qué se enfrentan los traductores y editores, qué retos y oportunidades hay, y cómo podría verse el futuro de la traducción del japonés en Colombia. Para lograr esto, realizamos entrevistas a personas que, de una manera u otra, están involucradas en este campo."
Transportation barriers in local and regional food supply chains
Authors: Krejci Caroline , Marusak Amy , Mittal Anuj , Sadeghiamirshahidi Narjes , Beckwith Sue
Published: December 2024

This case study examines young children’s access to fresh local produce in childcare settings in rural Appalachia. In-depth, semi-structured interviews with childcare center directors participating in farm to early care and education programming were conducted in the spring of 2023. Centering the per­spective of childcare directors, this research explores why farm to school programming is diffi­cult to implement. It specifically addresses the bar­riers preventing early childcare centers from pro­viding access to fresh and local produce to enrolled children. Eight primary obstacles to implementing farm to early care and education programming were identified: lack of staff; too wide a variety of tasks for directors; the “extra” work that fresh pro­duce requires; lack of knowledge about how to grow food; lack of required kitchen equipment; need for additional funding; unclear or out-of-date regulations about food safety; and a lack of paren­tal time. Limitations of the research include the specific geographic location of the study and the long-lasting implications of the COVID-19 pan­demic. Recommendations drawn from this case study include improving communication between childcare centers and regulatory agencies; creative use of alternative gardening practices; participating in a regional food hub; and improved funding.
Una strana pancitopenia: dalla gestione in urgenza alla diagnosi genetica
Authors: Di Filippo Michela , Rossoni Lisa , Nebiolo Marta , Fioredda Francesca , Carrato Valentina , Pirlo Daniela
Published: December 2024

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the WAS gene that codes for the WASp protein, which is involved in the functioning of the cytoskeleton of non-erythroid haematopoietic cells. This mutation leads to a congenital immunity disorder characterised by immunodeficiency, microthrombocytopenia and eczema. Its incidence is 1 in 250,000 live-born males. Treatment options to date are haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from an HLA-matched donor or gene therapy. The paper described the case of Tommaso, a 5-month-old first-born child with WAS who represented a diagnostic challenge. At onset, the infant did not present with any pathognomonic elements of classic WAS, but a picture of trilinear cytopenia with severe anaemia. Only one single case is described in literature with the same genotype as Tommaso (WAS c.257G>A p. Arg86His) but characterised by a heterogeneous phenotype and different onset symptoms. The specific and timely diagnosis of WAS allowed Tommaso, at only 5 months of age, to undergo gene therapy, thus achieving a real recovery from the syndrome and significantly reducing the risks related to the toxicity of non-targeted therapies to which he would have been exposed in the future. This case teaches how the clinician must remain critical and inquisitive in the diagnostic process, always aiming to reach a specific diagnosis in order to start a targeted therapeutic programme in the shortest time possible.
A comparative analysis of the intersection of mental capacity laws and international human rights law in Northern Ireland and Ireland
Authors: O’Mahony Charles
Published: December 2024

This article examines the law on mental capacity in Ireland and Northern Ireland. It sets out key provisions in the Mental Capacity Act (Northern Ireland) 2016 (MCA (NI)) and the Assisted Decision-Making (Capacity) Act 2015 (ADMCA). The slow legislative progress in Ireland and Northern Ireland requires closer examination, particularly due to the unique links between the jurisdictions. Both Northern Ireland and Ireland have ratified the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), and this article considers how both legislative models align with human rights obligations under the CRPD. The ‘fusion‘ model of legislation adopted in Northern Ireland represents an experimental approach, retaining provisions on substitute decision-making but placing a greater emphasis on supporting persons to make decisions. The legislation in Ireland also adopts an experimental approach placing a premium on supported decision-making, while also retaining substitute decision-making provisions. The article evaluates the jurisprudence of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on article 12, using it as a lens to assess the MCA (NI) and the ADMCA. By comparing the principles underpinning the legislative frameworks, best interests in the MCA (NI) and will and preferences in the ADMCA, and the different approaches to capacity assessment, this article argues that the ADMCA aligns better with the CRPD’s requirements. The ADMCA in Ireland and the fusion model in Northern Ireland are gaining international attention for their experimental approaches to capacity legislation reform and seeking alignment with article 12 of the CRPD. While these models aim to enhance autonomy, respect human rights and move away from restrictive systems, their effectiveness in practice requires further research to identify operational challenges and ensure alignment with the CRPD. These models offer valuable insights for global capacity law reform initiatives.
Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com leishmaniose visceral na Região Nordeste do Brasil no período de 2012-2022
Authors: Ferraz da Silva Victor Hugo , Freitas Leonardo Luiz de , Santos Yago Abilio Silva , Santiago Diego dos Passos , Galvão Aline Dalarme Gomes , Lima Sara Maria da Cruz , Couto Beatriz Ferreira , Andrade Alexandre Machado de
Published: December 2024

A leishmaniose visceral é uma doença parasitária de evolução crônica e acometimento sistêmico potencialmente fatal. Trata-se de uma zoonose preocupante para as autoridades de saúde pública por ser muito presente no Brasil, com destaque na Região Nordeste, devido sua elevada concentração de casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a incidência, número de casos por sexo, faixa etária e grau de escolaridade, coinfecção por HIV, tempo médio de internação, custo médio e mortalidade intra-hospitalar no período de 2012 a 2022, na Região Nordeste por meio de levantamento de dados secundários fornecidos publicamente pelo DATASUS. Houve uma queda no número de casos a partir de 2019, com diminuição em 2021 e aparente estabilização em 2022. Os estados mais afetados foram Maranhão (23,37%), Ceará (16,51%) e Bahia (12,51%). Observou-se maior incidência no sexo masculino, representando 67,10% do total, e na faixa etária de 40-59 anos, com 20,58%, maior prevalência em indivíduos com o ensino fundamental incompleto (57% dos casos), além de coinfecção por HIV em 10,69% dos casos. O tempo médio de internação foi de 13 dias, com custo médio de R$ 491,00 por internação e média da taxa de mortalidade intra-hospitalar de 3,41%, apresentando um panorama epidemiológico complexo e multifacetado.
Frequency of Roux Stasis Syndrome is Different in Uncut or Conventional Roux-Y Procedures
Authors: Tutcu Şahin Semra , Salimoğlu Semra , Tireli Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Objective: The main problem of conventionel Roux-Y (C-RY) procedures is Roux stasis sydrome. For this reason, an alternative technique which is uncut Roux-Y (U-RY ) method has been proposed. The aim of this article is to compare the frequency of Roux stasis between this two methods. Materials and Methods: Between January 1989 and January 2018, medical records were reviewed of all patients undergoing the C-RY or U-RY procedures in the Department of Surgery of Celal Bayar University and Surgery Clinic of İzmir Tepecik Training Hospital. Frequncy of Roux stasis occuring in both procedures and the treatment modality of stasis were determined. Results: There are 64 C-RY and 42 U-RY patients. 17 of 64 C-RY due to gastric cancers, 17 biliaryenteric divertion, 25 alkaline reflux gastritis and five pancreatic pseudocysts operated on. 18 of 42 U-RY due to gastric tumors, 18 bilioenteric divertion, four alkaline reflux gastritis and two pancreatic pseudocysts undergo surgical intervention. 34 complications occured in 28 patients in the postoperative period. Four cases death which are three U-RY, and one C-RY limb. Seven patients with C-RY (14.1%) and two patients with U-RY (4.8%) defined Roux stasis. The difference of the stasis frequency of these two methods is not statistically significant (p:0.19). Two Roux Stasis findings in the U-RY limb, occured after gastric cancer operations. Nine Roux stasis with C-RY ans, being after alkaline reflux gastritis operation five times, two gastric cancers and two biliaryenteric divertion surgery. All Roux gastric stasis patients trated with conservative measures. Conclusion: Uncut Roux-Y technique is very effective against Roux stasis probleme than C-RY ans. The frequency of Roux stasis syndrome is lover after U-RY ans than C-RY limb. At operation, create of the U-RY ans is very easier than C-RY. For these reasons , U-RY procedure is favorable technique in laparoscopic or open gastroesophageal and biliary surgery in the present time.
Transformative tax policy reforms to attract foreign direct investment: Building sustainable economic frameworks in emerging economies
Authors: Abiola Oyeronke Akintobi  , Ifeanyi Chukwunonso Okeke  , Olajumoke Bolatito Ajani
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the critical role of tax policy reforms in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to emerging economies and building sustainable economic frameworks. By analyzing key theories and models linking tax policy and FDI, the paper highlights the economic principles underlying tax incentives and their impact on creating a competitive advantage for emerging markets. It provides a detailed exploration of essential tax policy components, such as tax incentives, tax holidays, and reduced corporate tax rates, and discusses best practices from successful emerging economies. The paper also addresses the significant challenges faced in implementing tax reforms, including political, economic, and administrative barriers, and identifies opportunities for overcoming these obstacles through international cooperation, technological advancements, capacity building, and stakeholder engagement. Practical recommendations for policymakers are offered to design and implement effective tax policy reforms that attract FDI, enhance revenue collection, and promote long-term economic stability and growth. The findings underscore the necessity of aligning tax reforms with broader economic development goals to ensure they are both beneficial in the short term and sustainable and inclusive in the long term.
La fundamentación tomista-trascendental del Absoluto en José R. Sanabria
Authors: Buganza Jacob
Published: December 2024

En el marco del centenario del nacimiento de José Rubén Sanabria, nos ha parecido conveniente estudiar algún aspecto de su amplia obra filosófica. En su libro Filosofía del Absoluto, el filósofo michoacano hace gala de un manejo envidiable de la fecunda tradición tomista desarrollada a lo largo del siglo XX denominada “tomismo” o “realismo trascendental”. Uno de los aspectos más interesantes y que mayor discusión ha desatado es el de la fundamentación ontológica del ente. En este trabajo se retoma esta parte de la disputa, recuperando no sólo los pasajes centrales sobre el tema que elabora el propio Sanabria en la obra mencionada, sino también algunas de las posiciones de Johannes B. Lotz y Emerich Coreth, a los que sigue abundantemente en esta obra.
A atualidade do tomismo em Josef Pieper
Authors: De Azevedo Ramos Felipe
Published: December 2024

Como é bem conhecido, Josef Pieper não se identificava como um tomista, embora a sua obra tenha sido muito influenciada pelo pensamento de Tomás de Aquino. De fato, Pieper é considerado um dos maiores tomistas do século XX. Embora Pieper trate brevemente e de maneira muito específica sobre a atualidade do tomismo numa obra, é preciso averiguar o seu conjunto para esclarecer o presente tópico. Seguindo a própria metodologia do autor, isto é, o uso de pequenas questões e perguntas, os subtítulos são sempre interrogativos, começando sobre a questão acerca do próprio tema, o significado da “atualidade” e do “tomismo” até chegar ao cerne do debate, isto é, o tomismo hoje em dia.
Recensión: Manuel Alejandro Serra Pérez (Ed.), La cualidad metafísica del ser respecto de la forma. Estudio de la crítica de Lawrence Dewan a Étienne Gilson
Authors: Del Carril Ignacio José
Published: December 2024

Manuel Alejandro Serra Pérez (Ed.). La cualidad metafísica del ser respecto de la forma. Estudio de la crítica de Lawrence Dewan a Étienne Gilson. Pamplona, EUNSA, 2021, 336 pp. ISBN 9788431336608.
Rezension von: Ackermann, Claudia; Wolf, Peter, Backnang
Authors: Trefz Bernhard , Ackermann Claudia , Wolf Peter
Published: December 2024

Claudia Ackermann / Peter Wolf: Backnang. Rückblicke, Bilder und Geschichten, Backnang: Selbstverlag, 2021. 188 S., zahlr. Abb.
Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Pre-Obezite ve Obezite Epidemiyolojisi
Authors: SATMAN İlhan
Published: December 2024

"Over the last 50 years, obesity has reached pandemic proportions and has become
one of the most important health problems of the modern world. While obesity is a
chronic and complex disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation that can
adversely affect health, overweight is expressed as excessive body fat accumulation
and considered as the pre-obesity state. The risk of type 2 diabetes, coronary artery
disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, bone and joint problems,
cancers, sleep disorders, and depression are much higher in individuals with obesity
compared to their normal weight counterparts of the same age. Obesity reduces the
quality of life of individuals via reducing their activity and productivity and can lead
to an increased burden on the society. According to WHO estimates for 2022, globally
there were 1.6 billion adults with pre-obesity and 890 million adults with obesity.
Adult obesity doubled in women and tripled in men between 1990 and 2022. The
population with obesity is projected to reach 1.9 billion in 2035. Population-based
TURDEP studies have shown that obesity in Türkiye increased by 32% in women and
107% in men between 1998 and 2010. The number of adults with obesity, which was
14.4 million in 2010, was estimated 19 million in 2023 and is projected to exceed 26
million in 2045. In this article, pre-obesity and obesity trends, the current situation,
and future projections will be evaluated globally and for Türkiye. Moreover, risk
factors determining the development of obesity and associated health problems will
be discussed."
Obezite Tedavisinde Akupunktur
Authors: ÇEVİK Cemal , TEMEL Hatice Hale , UYAR Serab
Published: December 2024

"One of the oldest medical treatments, acupuncture, is frequently utilized in obesity
treatment. However, the mechanism of its effects on obesity treatment has not
yet been fully understood and is being explored through scientific studies. The
hypothalamus, which plays an important role in regulating appetite, receives signals
from the brainstem and peripheral tissues. These signals contribute to a complex
system that effectively regulates food intake and energy balance. By affecting
hypothalamic nuclei, relevant neuropeptides, brainstem activity, and peripheral
signals, acupuncture not only contributes to the treatment of obesity but also helps
maintain energy homeostasis and regulate appetite."
Obezitenin Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisi: Enerji, Makro ve Mikro Besin Ögesi Alımları Ne Olmalı?
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU İnci , AKAL YILDIZ Emine
Published: December 2024

"Obesity is a global public health challenge, affecting over 890 million adults and
continuing to rise across all age groups and regions. This condition arising from the
interaction of genetic, hormonal, environmental, and behavioral factors. Key risk
factors include unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, socio-cultural influences,
and psychological factors. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach
involving individualized medical nutrition therapy, physical activity enhancement,
behavioral modifications, pharmacological treatments, and bariatric surgery for severe
cases. Medical nutrition therapy must be tailored to patient-specific needs, balancing
macro- and micronutrients. Evidence supports the integration of low-energy diets,
combined with exercise and behavior therapy yields effective outcomes. Healthy
eating patterns, like the Mediterranean diet, promote energy deficit, supporting
weight loss and reducing cardiometabolic risks. Sustaining weight loss is critical for
long-term health benefits. The management of obesity should be conducted using a
multidisciplinary approach, led by a dietitian, with the aim of achieving long-term
success through the implementation of tailored, patient-specific strategies."
THE JOURNEY OF SELF-REALIZATION IN YOGA PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Sharma Dr. Subrata
Published: December 2024

The yoga philosophy highlights its significance for personal growth and spiritual development. The term ‘Yoga’ seems to derive from the root ‘Yuj’ means bind or yoke together. In theistic tradition Yoga is primarily conceived of as pathway leading to union with Divine, but this is not the only understanding of the term. An alternate rendering of the term sees it as the quest for the unification of the mind or the self in the attainment of meditative concentration.

Self-realization is a central theme in yoga philosophy, representing the process of discovering one’s true nature and the ultimate reality of existence. This journey involves transcending the ego and connecting with a deeper sense of self, often referred to as Atman, which is considered one with Brahman, the universal consciousness. In an increasingly stressful modern world, understanding this journey can provide profound insights for personal growth and spiritual awakening. Yoga is more than just a kind of physical exercise; it is a timeless philosophy that originated in ancient India. It is now a widely accepted method for improving emotional, physical, and spiritual well-being that cuts across cultural divides.
Enhancing English Listening Skills in Indian Engineering Students through Comprehensible Input: An Experimental Study
Authors: Lourdes R Dorris , Gnana Gandhi Dr. S. Mercy
Published: December 2024

Listening effectively is a critical skill in English language teaching, especially for students in Indian engineering college where English is the medium of instruction. This study focuses on the importance of teaching English listening as a distinct process and aims to enhance the comprehensive ability of Indian engineering students in listening skills. Based on Krashen’s input hypothesis and affective filter hypothesis, the study recognizes the essential role of comprehensible input and compares its effects across different difficulty levels. The study involved 64 intermediate ESL students from various disciplines, divided into two groups (experimental and controlled), with 32 students in each. Before the treatment, both groups were pretested using an academic listening skill test. The experimental group received listening material beyond their current level (i+1) as a treatment. After the treatment, a modified version of the pre-test was administered to both groups as a post-test to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment on the students' listening skills. The results obtained from the study indicate a notable disparity between the post-tests of the experimental and controlled groups. The findings suggest that the experimental group performed significantly better (p < .05) than the control group on the post-test. Additionally, the study's results suggest that the experimental group's motivation increased following the treatment. These findings have important implications and suggest that an interactive approach to instruction can be beneficial in enhancing students' language skills.
Hipoxia normoxémica de etiología tóxicologica y su manejo actual como causa de cianosis súbita y colectiva
Authors: Guerrero Lombeida Dra. Rosa
Published: December 2024

La insuficiencia respiratoria celular o mitocondrial es una entidad poco definida en los servicios de emergencia, no existe protocolos para el abordaje de esta y su no identificación temprana puede dar lugar a resultados negativos. Su diagnóstico se realiza al descartarse otras patologías como causa de insuficiencia respiratoria pulmonar y por valores de lactato elevados en gasometría con gases normales. La principal causa de hipoxia tisular son la etiología hipoxémica y anémica, seguido por los estados de shock y por ultimo las de etiología histotóxica. En este caso clínico, su relevancia por intoxicación por sustancias metahemoglobinizante en una familia, conllevo a alertar la facilidad de intoxicación accidental por este tipo de sustancias disponibles en compuestos de uso diario. También enmarco la utilidad de herramientas diagnosticas elementales como la historia clínica y el raciocinio médico, direccionado hacia un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de este tipo de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda con cianosis no respondedora a oxigenoterapia de etiología no cardiopulmonar que requirió en esta ocasión solo manejo conservador.
El nivel de sobreendeudamiento crediticio de la clase media ecuatoriana (2012- 2016)
Authors: Torres Miranda Jose , Castillo Torres Leonardo
Published: December 2024

El artículo analiza la evolución del crédito del Sistema Financiero ecuatoriano, mediante el uso del dinero plástico en los últimos cuatro años y su importancia para dinamizar la economía y facilitar las transacciones comerciales. La metodología empleada para evidenciar resultados fue una encuesta aleatoria. La población la constituyó un segmento de clase media. Procesada la información se analizó mediante gráficos. Se determina que el auge de las Tarjetas de Crédito está vinculado a las condiciones de la economía ecuatoriana, a las características del Sistema Financiero así como a las particularidades del segmento de la población que, teniendo ingresos en función de su situación laboral y el boom de los altos precios del petróleo entre los años 2010 y 2014, incrementó su nivel de demanda de bienes y servicios. Al contraerse la economía por la crisis de la economía interna y externa, entran en un periodo de sobre endeudamiento y morosidad ante el cual, aunque no se halla en niveles críticos, si no se toman las medidas pertinentes puede afectar al sistema en su conjunto.
Modelo estadístico para conocer los factores de migración en ecuatorianos
Authors: Aspiazu Erick , Tacuri Erik , Vera Alfonso
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es dar a conocer cuáles son las principales causas que provocan la migración en Ecuador, teniendo en cuenta los factores que impulsan a la población ecuatoriana en tomar la salida migratoria como una estrategia colectiva para determinar las causas que una persona tiene al momento de tomar la decisión de migrar a otros país; para este estudio se da a conocer el uso de herramientas estadísticas y probabilísticas como un instrumento informático para la obtención de los resultados; tales como son las tablas de contingencia y su test estadístico como lo es el chi cuadrado. Se usará una herramienta de acceso libre y muy poderoso para el análisis de datos estadísticos como lo es R; con el fin de evidenciar la dependencia lineal de cada una de las variables. En base a los datos analizados, se concluye que el 90% de los ecuatorianos migran porque constan de una residencia extranjera y además aquellos que no cuentan con una ocupación especifica representan el 28%.
Tecnología Ágil para la recaudación de impuestos en los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Manabí Ecuador
Authors: Lucio Pillasagua Adela del Jesús , Moreira Cañarte Mercy Karina , Yoza Rodríguez Narciso Roberto
Published: December 2024

Contexto: El presente trabajo se desarrolla en los Gobiernos Autónomo Descentralizados de Manabí Ecuador con el fin de impulsar el proceso de la recaudación de impuestos a través de la metodología Agile. La metodología Agile es útil para promover la recaudación de impuestos, con esta tecnología es posible brindar protagonismo a las personas, al trabajo y a las relaciones que se establecen entre empleados en los procesos organizacionales para una mejora continua. Método: Se utiliza el método descriptivo y exploratorio, mediado por el empleo de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones para la recaudación de impuestos en los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Manabí Ecuador. En el trabajo se abordan los cambios requeridos para la recaudación de impuestos utilizando las tecnologías Ágiles, útil para ofrecer oportunidad de cambio y mejora continua, se observan las bases necesarias para dicha transformación, así como las características de su implementación. Resultados: Se describen diversas acciones que los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados deben adoptar hacia los principios Ágiles, para impulsar el proceso de la recaudación de impuestos. Conclusiones: Se obtienen acciones para que los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados muevan sus procesos organizacionales, cada vez más hacia un enfoque, basado en el uso de las Tecnología para contribuir a la mejora continua y a la sostenibilidad social.
Estudio de la calidad del agua en los pozos del recinto "aguas verdes” (Santa Elena) y su repercusión en las poblaciones aledañas
Authors: Arroyo María , Sigüencia Rosa , Torres Genoveva , Lavayen Yéssica , Campos Jorge
Published: December 2024

Desde agosto de 2007 a enero de 2008, se realizó un estudio de calidad del agua en los pozos del recinto "Aguas Verdes" (Península de Santa Elena) y su repercusión en las poblaciones aledañas. Se determinó y cuantificó la carga bacteriana (bacterias totales, coliformes totales y Echerichia coli), detección de pesticidas, análisis de metales pesados (Pb, Zn, Ni), la identificación de los componentes del nanoplancton existentes en el agua de los pozos, una capacitación para la purificación del agua mediante técnicas caseras, finalmente la socialización con los involucrados. Se realizaron 4 muestreos en los cinco pozos seleccionados, entre los meses de septiembre a noviembre. En la metodología de laboratorio se procedió a los análisis microbiológicos, físico-químicos, pesticidas, metales pesados y fitoplanctónicos. Los resultados reportaron que sólo el Pozo I es apto para consumo humano y doméstico, que el Pozo 5 presenta una marcada diferencia por sus elevados valores de sólidos totales disueltos, sulfatos y cloruros, mientras que los Pozos 2,3,4 sólo pueden ser utilizados para riego agrícola y cría de animales. En general, el agua de los pozos, no estaba contaminada con pesticidas (organoclorados y organofosforados). Se puede concluir que la situación actual del recinto Aguas Verdes, refleja la carencia de los principales servicios básicos así como también deficiencias en la educación y la salud.
Identificación de especies nativas de bambú para la conformación de un banco de germoplasma en Vinces (Ecuador)
Authors: Salcedo Galo , Vera Marisol , Morán Lenín
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar especies nativas de bambú y conformar un banco de germoplasma en las condiciones agroclimáticas de Vinces. Se identificaron las especies de acuerdo a las características constantes en las fichas que tiene la Compañía Hidronación y luego se las recolectó del bambusario de la misma Compañía. Se construyó el vivero para la siembra de las plántulas de las seis especies de bambú en donde permanecieron por cuatro meses. Se sembraron esquejes, varetas y canutos en fundas pláticas con un sustrato de suelo franco limoso y enriquecido con vermihumus. Posteriormente, las plántulas de las seis especies fueron trasplantadas a un terreno con un 10 % de pendiente, con textura arcillosa y suelo del orden vertisol; el 50% del sitio es un bañadero. Las condiciones agroecológicas de Yinces demostraron ser óptimas para la reproducción de las especies de bambú. A los seis meses de trasplantada, la Guadua latifolia presentó mayor altura con un promedio de 208.6 cm, seguido de la Bambusa vulgaris con 119 cm; la especie que presentó menor altura fue Melocanna bacifera con 63,44 cm.
Multiplicación y evaluación de la patogenicidad del nemátodo entomopatógeno heterorhabditis bacteriophora en larvas de picudo negro a nivel de laboratorio
Authors: Medina Litardo Reina , Salcedo Galo , Tapia Erika , Valdivieso Luis , Canales Armando , Whu Mary
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo se evalúa la patogenicidad del nemátodo entomopatógeno Heterorhabditís bacteriophora en larvas de picudo negro (Cosmopolites sordídus), como una opción de control biológico sobre insectos-plagas que afectan a cultivos agrícolas. Al respecto, se implementó la cría de Gallería mellonella para la reproducción de este nemátodo y el resultado de la infestación fue del 100% a las 48 horas. De igual manera se estableció la reproducción de larvas de picudo negro (Cosmopolites sordídus) y del cogollero de maíz (Spodopteraji-ugíperda) como alternativa de multiplicación. En la larva de Gallería mellonella se presentó la mayor cantidad de juveniles de nemátodos, obteniendo 271 524,4 individuos en promedio en cada una a temperatura de 27 a 28 ºC y con una humedad relativa de 71 %. En relación a la patogenicidad podemos afirmar que a las 96 horas después de infectar las larvas de Cosmopolites sordidus con 1000 nemátodos Heterorhaditís bacteriophora hubo el 100% de mortalidad.
Mucuna pruriens, alternativa contra la desnutrición
Authors: Prías Leila , Painii Vicente , Ramos Alfonso , Pesantes Oswaldo , Zambrano Ana , Vargas Andrea , Tamayo Fabricio , Vargas Leonardo
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo investiga la factibilidad de utilización de la leguminosa silvestre Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. (fabáceae) como una alternativa viable para paliar el déficit nutricional que presenta un amplio porcentaje de niños y niñas que se educan en las escuelas de Guayaquil. Se considera que el bajo rendimiento escolar que se observa en la educación fiscal, está relacionado con la deficiente alimentación de los educandos. Para el efecto, se analizó el valor biológico del frejol Mucuna Pruriens8• Se prepararon y presentaron varios productos hechos a partir de esta leguminosa9, se recolectaron semillas en Vinces para culturizarlas, y con ellas se realizaron los estudios de este trabajo en las Facultades de Ciencias Químicas, Ingeniería Química e ITAV de la Universidad de Guayaquil. Se determinó que el fréjol M. Pruriens no presenta toxicidad aguda oral, tiene un alto valor nutricional al poseer proteínas de buena calidad, aminoácidos esenciales, vitaminas, entre otros. Su nivel de digestibilidad se determinó en el 91,81 %, manteniendo las proteínas después de la cocción. Se evaluó su impacto positivo en la salud de los educandos de una escuela de Guayaquil, comprobándose un aume nto significativo de las proteínas séricas y nivel de madurez en la percepción viso-motriz y desarrollo mental. Con respecto a su factibilidad económica, se determinó una eficiente relación costo/beneficio.