bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planos de governo, educação física e eleições municipais 2016 no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Candal Emanoel Borges , Melo Marcelo Paula de
Published: November 2020

O campo da Educação Física tem sido objeto de debates em relação às políticas públicas em diversas áreas da ação estatal. Esse trabalho visa analisar as indicações para as políticas de Educação Física presentes nos planos de governo apresentados pelas candidaturas à prefeitura da cidade do Rio de Janeiro das coligações “Por um Rio mais humano” (CRIVELLA\PRB), “Mudar é possível” (FREIXO\ PSOL) e “Juntos pelo Rio” (PEDRO PAULO\PMDB) no pleito de 2016. Concluímos a existência de aproximações programáticas e concepções de mundo entre as candidaturas Crivella\PRB e Pedro Paulo\PMDB, assim como distâncias significativas em relação ao projeto de Freixo\PSOL. Essas aproximações e distanciamentos implicam em concepções divergentes sobre Educação Física, Esporte e Educação, bem como suas políticas. Também é possível observar um grande distanciamento mesmo da candidatura “Mudar é possível” dos acúmulos críticos da Educação Física, em alguns momentos reforçando formulações consideradas tradicionais/conservadoras no campo.
histórias em quadrinhos (HQs) e o ensino de história
Authors: Tamanini Paulo Augusto , Costa Jonathan Diogenes
Published: November 2020

A História tem sido escrita e ressignificada, sobretudo após a eclosão da influência dos Annales. A problematização das mais diversas fontes suscitou o levantamento de novos olhares sobre o campo da pesquisa historiográfica. Dentre o universo da cultura visual que se desponta, as Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQs) representam uma fonte engenhosa para a tessitura da história. Diante desse panorama, objetiva-se investigar a aplicabilidade das HQs no Ensino de História, tendo como base teórica os estudos de Eisner, Vergueiro, Palhares, dentre outros. Em um primeiro momento, este artigo aborda com brevidade a evolução das HQs, para depois, analisar sua aplicabilidade em sala de aula. Por fim, avalia-se a HQ acerca de Canudos e sua empregabilidade no Ensino de História.
Elisa Scheid
Authors: Rizzini Irma , Gomes Camilla Estevam Dantas , Schueler Alessandra Frota Martinez de
Published: November 2020

A proposta do artigo é analisar a trajetória de uma professora primária municipal do Rio de Janeiro e militante no movimento operário, Elisa Scheid, a partir de seus escritos e indícios de suas ações, pesquisados nos jornais de grande circulação da cidade e nos impressos vinculados aos movimentos de trabalhadores. O estudo se insere em pesquisa mais ampla sobre a trajetória de mulheres, com destaque para as professoras, e sua participação nas lutas por direitos civis, políticos e no mundo do trabalho, entre os séculos XIX e XX. A análise realizada sugere que Elisa Scheid constituiu ampla rede de sociabilidade, baseada nas suas experiências familiares e de formação educacional, na prática do magistério primário nos subúrbios cariocas e na sua inserção em associações, publicações e organizações políticas formais. Participou da criação e da direção da União Operária do Engenho de Dentro e do Partido Operário Independente. A despeito das interdições e desigualdades históricas de gênero, classe e raça, nossa hipótese é a de que a professora representou liderança proeminente na defesa dos direitos dos/as trabalhadores\as e da educação, atuando na propaganda político-partidária e na formação de agremiações trabalhistas. Os indícios de sua trajetória retratada neste artigo evidenciam a ocupação de espaços públicos possíveis a algumas mulheres, ao menos àquelas pertencentes aos meios letrados. Suas lutas políticas relativizam a representação corrente sobre o suposto predomínio do mundo doméstico como limite para as experiências femininas naquele contexto histórico.
Legislação e educação na América colonial portuguesa
Authors: Damasceno Alberto , Tomé Luane
Published: November 2020

Esse artigo tem como objeto as origens da instrução na América portuguesa no período do governo de Mendonça Furtado, Governador do Grão-Pará e Maranhão entre 1751 e 1759. Para tal utilizará como metodologia a pesquisa documental, tendo como fontes primárias as instruções ao governador Mendonça Furtado e o Diretório dos Índios de 1757 que, articulados, deflagram um amplo processo de mudanças culturais e educacionais que culminaria, dentre outros acontecimentos, com o surgimento de escolas geridas pelo Estado português no território brasileiro em substituição às escolas elementares jesuíticas, antes mesmo da reforma de ensino do Marquês de Pombal em 1759.
Trabalho educativo e conhecimento científico
Authors: Ruckstadter Vanessa Campos Mariano , Oliveira Luiz Antonio de , Ruckstadter Flávio Massami Martins
Published: November 2020

Este artigo é resultado dos debates e reflexões gestados em dois grupos de estudos sobre a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica realizados em 2019, ano em que essa importante teoria da educação brasileira completou 40 anos. Este texto analisa a importância do conhecimento científico na educação básica em articulação com a atuação dos professores. Parte de duas questões orientadoras: qual a relação existente entre a atuação docente e o conhecimento científico acumulado historicamente? Quais os conhecimentos necessários ao professor? Para atingir o objetivo o texto foi estruturado em três momentos: 1 - apresentação do contexto de elaboração da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica; 2 – debate sobre a natureza e especificidade da educação para esta teoria crítica; 3 – análise da função docente em sua articulação com o conhecimento científico, bem como dos conhecimentos necessários para uma prática educativa emancipadora. A partir da discussão realizada, fundamentada em uma investigação bibliográfica, é possível concluir que a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica preconiza a educação como instrumento de luta da classe trabalhadora, instrumentalização do proletariado na luta contra o processo de exploração e em direção de um projeto maior de superação do modo de produção capitalista. Do ponto de vista da realidade significa lutar pela escola pública, o que, na educação básica pode ser entendido como ensinar os conteúdos clássicos, defender a escola pública de qualidade para as classes trabalhadoras e assumir um posicionamento teórico-prático de base materialista-histórica dialética.
Covid19 Pandemic: Management and Global Response
Authors: Amir Haeril , Sudarman Sudarman , Asfar Akbar , Batara Andi Surahman
Published: November 2020

Introduction: 2019-nCoV as the term for the new coronavirus that causes outbreaks of pneumonia in Wuhan City, central China by the World Health Organization (WHO), on June 28, 2020, to confirm as many as 9,843,073 cases globally, Therefore, efforts to be made to prevent the spread of this virus must be done immediately and very urgently. The purpose of literature is to discuss the global response to Covid19 and find prevention strategies in the form of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) or non-pharmaceutical interventions. Discussion: This literature review using PICO and PRISMA techniques in extracting the research data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of several articles on the Database PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online. The readiness of the Government, both in conducting initial screening (Rapid test), readiness of referral hospitals, limiting areas and activities as well as awareness of citizens in implementing new habit adaptations, namely wearing masks, maintaining distance and washing hands regularly are the keys to preventing the spread of the Covid19 virus. Conclusion: articles search from multiple databases, with filtering 2015-2020 study, found as many as 7 Full-text research articles, in the face of a pandemic, we need the readiness of the government, health and infrastructure support as well as coordination and cooperation among all parties.
Description Of The Level Of Patient Satisfaction With Outpatient Registration Counter Services At Puskesmas In East Java
Authors: Putri Adian Yesica Aprillia
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang: Loket pendaftaran merupakan pelayanan pertama yang diberikan, yang dapat menentukan kepuasan pasien dan keinginan pasien untuk melanjutkan pelayanan selanjutnya. Puskesmas Pare merupakan puskesmas yang akan mengikuti serangkaian kegiatan akreditasi. Dalam serangkaian kegiatan akreditasi, dibutuhkan survei kepuasan pasien salah satu kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan di loket puskesmas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan loket pendaftaran di Puskesmas Pare Kabupaten Kediri. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan desain peneilitian cross sectional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah semua yang berobat dan telah mendapatkan pelayanan di loket pada waktu penelitian berlangsung, yaitu sejumlah 100 pasien. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 80 pasien yang dipilih secara random. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang berasal langsung dari pihak Puskesmas Pare. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisa univariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien merasa sangat puas terhadap pelayanan loket di Puskesmas Pare. Namun, masih ada unsur yang harus dilakukan suatu upaya peningkatan dan/atau perbaikan pada unsur tersebut, yaitu unsur kenyamanan ruang tunggu. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulannya, gambaran tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan loket pendaftaran di Puskesmas Pare secara normatif sudah mencapai tingkat kepuasan ‘sangat puas’.
Relationship Between Nutritional Status, Years Of Service, And Work Attitudes With Musculoskeletal Disorders In Tailors At West Java
Authors: Yogisutanti Gurdani , Irawati Nuryanti , Sitorus Neti
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang: Gangguan muskuloskeletal banyak dikeluhkan oleh penjahit yang bekerja di perusahaan dengan lama bekerja yang berkisar antara 6-8 jam per hari dan posisi statis. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan status gizi, masa kerja, dan sikap kerja dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada penjahit yang bekerja di suatu perusahaan di Kota Bandung. Metode: Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, melibatkan 30 orang penjahit sebagai responden yang diambil secara total sampling. Pengukuran status gizi dengan bantuan timbangan berat badan dan microtoise, untuk sikap kerja diukur menggunakan Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) dan gangguan muskuloskeletal menggunakan Nordic Body Map (NBM). Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden mengeluhkan gangguan muskuloskeletal, sikap kerja yang berisiko dan status gizi dalam kategori gemuk. Responden yang mengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal dengan masa kerja kurang dari 5 tahun. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keluhan  muskuloskeletal berhubungan dengan status gizi (p=0,001), masa kerja (p=0,000), dan sikap kerja (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa sebagian besar penjahit mengalami gangguan muskuloskeletal dan sikap kerja yang  berisiko, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan peregangan setiap 4 jam sekali pada saat bekerja dan perlu melakukan senam punggung setiap hari sebelum tidur.
Traditional Beliefs and Practices Among Pregnant Women In Javanese Communities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cukarso Salshabiyla Naura Almamira , Herbawani Chahya Kharin
Published: November 2020

Background: The Javanese community is one of the largest ethnic groups in Indonesia. This culture influences people's behaviour in daily life, including maternal care. Some people still believe in traditional myths and practices related to pregnancy. Even it can threaten the pregnancy. Purpose: This systematic review aims to describe the behaviour of people related to practices and beliefs in Javanese culture. Method: This review used a systematic review method. A systematic and relevant search for scientific articles through Google Scholar with a publication period between 2010-2020. Result: There are still many people who obey  the traditional beliefss that has no scientific basis. They hope by believing this can make the pregnancy run smoothly and avoid unwanted events. Conclusion: Traditional beliefs and practices have positive and negative impacts on pregnant women. Health workers must provide evidence-based interventions or health education about pregnancy to the community to prevent behaviour that is contrary to health values and can be harmful to the mother and fetus. Information about pregnancy care is not only conveyed to pregnant women but can also be shared with her husband or parents.
The Practicality of Teaching Material Biology of Islamic-Science based on Augmented Reality
Authors: Destiara Meyninda
Published: November 2020

The results of the observation of biology learning in MAN 1 Banjarmasin are not familiar with using the teaching materials based on interactive technology. The development of teaching materials based on Augmented Reality Media can be a solution to solve these problems. This study aims to determine the practicality of biology teaching materials based on Islamic-science using Augmented Reality media. The design of this study uses the Borg and Gall models that have been approved to perfection of limited trial evaluation. The results showed that the teaching material developed was very practical to be used in supporting biology lessons in the Arthropods sub material.AbstrakHasil observasi pembelajaran biologi di MAN 1 Banjarmasin belum familiar menggunakan bahan ajar berbasis teknologi interaktif. Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis media Augmented Reality dapat menjadi salah satu solusi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepraktisan bahan ajar biologi berbasis islam-sains menggunakan media Augmented Reality. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan model Borg and Gall yang telah dimodifikasi yaitu sampai pada tahap penyempurnaan evaluasi dari uji coba terbatas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan sangat praktis digunakan dalam menunjang mata pelajaran biologi pada sub materi Arthropoda.
THE USE OF DIGITAL LITERATURE IN TEACHING READING NARRATIVE TEXT
Authors: Handayani Sumi , Youlia Lilies , Febriani R Bunga , Syafryadin Syafryadin
Published: November 2020

This study investigated the use of digital literature in teaching reading narrative text in a State High School in Ciamis. This study is aimed to finding out the teachers’ implementation of using digital literature in teaching reading narrative text and the students’ perception of using digital literature in teaching reading narrative text. Therefore, the writer took one English teacher and one class of eleventh grade students as the purposive sampling. Furthermore, the writer used case study as her research design and conducted the classroom observations to find out how the teacher implemented the digital literature in teaching reading narrative text. The questionnaire was used to figuring the students’ perception of using digital literature in teaching reading narrative text. The finding of the study showed that the teacher implemented well of the use digital literature in teaching and learning process. Besides, there were a lots of students influenced of using digital literature in teaching and learning activity. For example, students felt enjoyable and they became more active in the classroom. It can be concluded that the use of digital literature enabled students to comprehend the narrative text easier. Finally, the writer suggests that the English teacher should implement the digital literature on teaching reading of narrative text during the learning process
THE DILEMATIC ON-LINE ENGLISH LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMY IN RURAL AREA
Authors: Hafidz Moh
Published: November 2020

Abstract: The government has made a decision of COVID-19 pandemic through the Minister of Education and Culture Circular No. 4 dated 24 March 2010 concerning the Implementation of Education Policy in the Emergency Period of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), namely learning from home. The problems are English language skills and students’ motivation. This study aims to describe English language skills and student motivation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The benefit is facilitating lecturers in online learning based on appropriate applications with students are in the rural area. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by conducting the Monkey Survey application to collect and analyse data, it created and applied on May 29, 2020 and closed on May 31, 2020. After May 31, 2020 respondents could not open and fill out the questionnaire because the closed Application. The sample of this study was 35 students who studied English online by using different applications. The category is the education category and this application was modified on June 2, 2020. The result of his research is that online English Learning research during the COVID-19 pandemic is that the use of the WhatsApp, Facebook, YouTube and Google Classroom applications improve writing, listening and speaking skills and have no effect on reading skill, because reading skills can be improved by using the Schoology application. While the Schoology application cannot be used because of internet network limitations and quotas. Other findings are that online English language learning during the COVID-19 pandemic cannot increase student motivation.
Hitting the Target but Missing the Point: Recent Progress Towards Adenovirus-Based Precision Virotherapies
Authors: Cunliffe Tabitha G. , Bates Emily A. , Parker Alan L.
Published: November 2020

More people are surviving longer with cancer. Whilst this can be partially attributed to advances in early detection of cancers, there is little doubt that the improvement in survival statistics is also due to the expansion in the spectrum of treatments available for efficacious treatment. Transformative amongst those are immunotherapies, which have proven effective agents for treating immunogenic forms of cancer, though immunologically “cold” tumour types remain refractive. Oncolytic viruses, such as those based on adenovirus have great potential as anti-cancer agents and have seen a resurgence of interest in recent years. Amongst their many advantages is their ability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) of infected tumour cells, thus providing the alluring potential to synergize with immunotherapies by turning immunologically “cold” tumours “hot”. Additionally, enhanced immune mediated cell killing can be promoted through the local overexpression of immunological transgenes, encoded from within the engineered viral genome. To achieve this full potential requires the development of refined, tumour selective “precision virotherapies” that are extensively engineered to prevent off-target up take via native routes of infection, and targeted to infect and replicate uniquely within malignantly transformed cells. Here, we review the latest advances towards this holy grail within the adenoviral field.
Generative Model for Skeletal Human Movements based on conditional DC-GAN applied to pseudo-images
Authors: Xi Wang , Devineau Guillaume , Moutarde Fabien , Yang Jie
Published: November 2020

Generative models for images, audio, text and other low-dimension data have achieved great success in recent years. Generating artificial human movements can also be useful for many applications, including improvement of data augmentation methods for human gesture recognition. The object of this research is to develop a generative model for skeletal human movement, allowing to control the action type of generated motion while keeping the authenticity of the result and the natural style variability of gesture execution. We propose to use a conditional Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DC-GAN) applied to pseudo-images representing skeletal pose sequences using Tree Structure Skeleton Image format. We evaluate our approach on the 3D-skeleton data provided in the large NTU RGB+D public dataset. Our generative model can output qualitatively correct skeletal human movements for any of its 60 action classes. We also quantitatively evaluate the performance of our model by computing Frechet Inception Distances, which shows strong correlation to human judgement. Up to our knowledge, our work is the first successful class-conditioned generative model for human skeletal motions based on pseudo-image representation of skeletal pose sequences.
In-Vitro Biocompatibility and Hemocompatibility Study of New PET Copolyesters Intended for Heart Assist Devices
Authors: Gawlikowski Maciej , El Fray Miroslawa , Janiczak Karolina , Zawidlak-Wegrzynska Barbara , Kustosz Roman
Published: November 2020

(1) Background: The evaluation of ventricular assist devices requires the usage of biocompatible and chemically stable materials. The commonly used polyurethanes are characterized by versatile properties making them well suited for heart prostheses applications but simultaneously they show low stability in biological environment. (2) Methods: An innovative material - copolymer of poly(ethylene-terephthalate) and dimer linoleic acid - with controlled and reproducible physico-mechanical and biological properties was developed for medical applications. Biocompatibility (cytotoxicity, surface thrombogenicity, hemolysis and biodegradation) were evaluated. All results were compared to medical grade polyurethane currently used in the extracorporeal heart prostheses. (3) Results: No cytotoxicity was observed and no significant decrease of cells density as well as no cells growth reduction was noticed. Thrombogenicity analysis showed that the investigated copolymers have the thrombogenicity potential similar to medical grade polyurethane. No hemolysis was observed (the hemolytic index was under 2% according to ASTM 756-00 standard). These new materials revealed excellent chemical stability in simulated body fluid during 180 days ageing. (4) Conclusions: The biodegradation analysis showed no changes in chemical structure, molecular weight distribution, good thermal stability and no changes in surface morphology. Investigated copolymers revealed excellent biocompatibility and great potential as materials for blood contacting devices.
Negative-Curvature Spacetime Solutions for Graphene
Authors: Gallerati Antonio
Published: November 2020

We provide a detailed analysis of the electronic properties of graphene-like materials with charge carriers living on a curved substrate, focusing in particular on constant negative-curvature spacetime. An explicit parametrization is also worked out in the remarkable case of Beltrami geometry, with an analytic solution for the pseudoparticles modes living on the curved bidimensional surface. We will then exploit the correspondent massless Dirac description, to determine how it affects the sample local density of states.
Machine Learning for Stress Detection from Electrodermal Activity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sánchez-Reolid Roberto , López María T. , Fernández-Caballero Antonio
Published: November 2020

Early detection of stress can prevent us from suffering from a long-term illness such as depression and anxiety. This article presents a scoping review of stress detection based on electrodermal activity (EDA) and machine learning (ML). From an initial set of 395 articles searched in six scientific databases, 58 were finally selected according to various criteria established. The scoping review has made it possible to analyse all the steps to which the EDA signals are subjected: acquisition, preprocessing, processing and feature extraction. Finally, all the ML techniques applied to the features of this signal have been studied for stress detection. It has been found that support vector machines and artificial neural networks stand out within the supervised learning methods given their high performance values. On the contrary, it has been evidenced that unsupervised learning is not very common in the detection of stress through EDA. This scoping review concludes that the use of EDA for the detection of arousal variation (and stress detection) is widely spread, with very good results in its prediction with the ML methods found during this review.
Millennial Lecturer in Higher Education: The Effect of Knowledge Clusters, Performance and Learning Satisfaction on Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mariani Vini , Putranto Agus , Gutanjala Ilona , Prasandy Teguh
Published: November 2020

Generation Y is known as job jumpers because of the desire to earn a higher salary, career opportunities and opportunities to develop themselves. One type of work is a teacher because by becoming a teacher they get a better life, one of which is by getting extra income from the government for those who already have teacher certification, this is what encourages Generation Y to choose this profession. this study uses crosstabs for the data analysis process because the data comes from the LMS database owned by XYZ Campus. Millennial educators who have the highest performance value of PJJ Information Systems for Information System Engineering Cluster with a value of 5.19. The impact of transactions on millennial lecturers on students is able to fulfill any given workload. Appreciate millennial lecturers in tangible and intangible forms.
Response of Lymphatic Tissues to Dietary Supplementation of Nigella Sativa and Curcuma Longa in Broilers Challenged with Pasteurella Multocida
Authors: Raheem Muhammad Akmal , Jiangang Hu , Yin Dongdong , Xue Mei , Rehman Kashif ur , Rahim Muhammad Ajwad , Gu Yi , Fu Dandan , Song Xiangjun , Tu Jian , Khan Ibrar Muhammad , Tipu M.Y , Qi Kezong
Published: November 2020

The antibiotic residues and pathogenic resistance against the drug are very common in poultry due to usage of antibiotics in their feed. It is the need of the time to use natural feed additives as effective alternatives instead of synthetic antibiotic. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune response of Nigella sativa and Curcuma longa in broilers under biological stress against Pasteurella multocida. The total 100, one-day old chicks were divided into 5 groups. The Groups 1 and 2 were served as control negative and control positive. Both control groups were receiving simple diet without any natural feed additives but infection was given in Group 2 at day 28 with the dose of 5.14×107 CFU by IV. Groups 3A & 3B were offered 2% seed powder of Nigella sativa, Groups 4A & 4B were offered Curcuma longa 1% in powdered form and Group 5A & 5B were offered both Curcuma longa 1% & Nigella sativa 2% in feed from day 1 and groups 3B, 4B and 5B were challenged with Pasteurella multocida. The Haemagglutination inhibition titter against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), feed conversion ratio, mortality, gross and histopathology were studied. The results of this study revealed that haemagglutination inhibition titers against NDV were highly significant (P< 0.05) in treated groups, highest titers (3A 6.8, 3B 6.4 and 5A 7.2) were obtained from treated Group. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Nigella sativa + Curcuma longa treated Groups (5A 1.57 and 3A 1.76) were higher as compared to other non-treated groups. The gross and histopathological changes were much severe in control positive, but less changes were seen in treated groups. Therefore, we recommend that natural feed additives; black cumin (Nigella sativa) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) act as immune enhancer in broilers against Pasteurella multocida.
Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents: The HELENA-MEX Study
Authors: Rivera-Ochoa María , Brazo-Sayavera Javier , Vizmanos-Lamotte Barbara , Mañas Asier , López-Taylor Juan R. , González-Gross Marcela , Guadalupe-Grau Amelia
Published: November 2020

Mexico shows a high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents. Geographical location and cultural environment could play a role in the promotion of healthy lifestyles in terms of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and nutrition. The purpose of this study was to assess rural and urban differences in body composition (BC), physical fitness (PF), PA and nutritional status of adolescents from the state of Jalisco (Mexico). The study involved 469 students aged 13-17 years (55.0% girls) from 8 high schools. BC was analyzed by bioimpedance, and PF by standardized field tests. Objective measurements of PA and SB were taken in a subsample (n=240). Energy intake (EI) was calculated from two 24h recalls. Rural residents presented a higher prevalence of overweight, waist circumference, trunk fat mass, regional fat free mass and muscle handgrip strength (all p<0.05, ηp2<0.06). Cardiorespiratory fitness was similar among participants, whereas urban adolescents showed higher muscle power, speed-agility and flexibility scores (all p<0.05, ηp2<0.07). Overall lifestyle behavior in urban adolescents was more sedentary (p<0.05, ηp2= 0.11). EI was similar in both locations. In conclusion, urban Mexican adolescents presented a generally higher sedentary behavior and better fitness and fatness profile than their rural peers.
3D-Printed Veterinary Dosage Forms – A Comparative Study of Three Semi-Solid Extrusion Printers
Authors: Sjöholm Erica , Mathiyalagan Rathna , Rajan Prakash Dhayakumar , Lindfors Lisa , Wang Qingbo , Wang Xiaoju , Ojala Samuli , Sandler Niklas
Published: November 2020

Currently, the number of approved veterinary medicines are limited, and human medications are used off-label. These approved human medications are of too high potencies for a cat or a small dog breed. Therefore, there is a dire demand for smaller doses of veterinary medicines. This study aims to investigate the use of three semi-solid extrusion 3D printers in a pharmacy or animal clinic setting for extemporaneous manufacturing of prednisolone containing orodispersible films for veterinary use. Orodispersible films with adequate content uniformity and acceptance values defined by the European Pharmacopoeia was produced with one of the studied printers, namely, the Allevi 2 bioprinter. Smooth and flexible films, with high mechanical strength, neutral pH, and low moisture content were produced with high correlation between prepared design and obtained drug amount, indicating that the Allevi 2 printer could successfully be used to extemporaneously manufacture personalized doses for animals at the point-of-care.
Exploring the Non-Medical impacts of Covid-19 using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Agade Amol , Balpande Samta
Published: November 2020

Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic has resulted into massive damage to various platforms of global economy which has caused disruption to human livelihood. Natural Language Processing has been extensively used in different organizations to categorize sentiments, perform recommendation, summarizing information and topic modelling. This research aims to understand the non-medical impact of COVID-19 on global economy by leveraging the natural language processing methodology. This methodology comprises of text classification which includes topic modelling on unstructured COVID-19 media articles dataset provided by Anacode. Like other Natural Language Processing algorithms, Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) has been proposed to classify the media articles dataset in order to analyze COVID-19 pandemic impacts in the different sectors of global economy. Model Accuracy was examined based on the coherence and perplexity score which came out to be 0.51 and -10.90 using LDA algorithm. Both the LDA and NMF algorithm identified similar prevalent topics that was impacted by COVID-19 pandemic in multiple sectors of economy. Through intertopic distance map visualization produced by LDA algorithm, it can be reciprocated that general industries which includes children schooling, parental care, and family gatherings had the major impact followed by business sector and the financial industry.
Antieukaryotic Type Six Secretion System Virulence Factors of Bacteria
Authors: Maphosa Silindile , Motaung Thabiso , Moleleki Lucy
Published: November 2020

The type 6 protein secretion system (T6SS) is prevalently utilized by Gram-negative bacteria to compete for resources and space. Upon activation, toxic effectors from this secretion system are translocated into the competitor prokaryote or eukaryote in a contact-dependent manner. While much has been reported on T6SS-mediated prokaryotic competition, very little is understood about the mechanisms of bacterial interactions with eukaryotic hosts. Likewise, many virulent T6SS effectors are known to be antibacterial. In recent years, however, evidence has emerged on numerous T6SS effectors that interact with related immunity proteins in a range of eukaryotic hosts. Insights into how this effector-immunity pairing alters the physiological responses of the recipient organism might provide opportunities relating to the T6SS agricultural and biotherapeutic applications. We, therefore, summarize the impacts of the T6SS effectors with a special focus on bacterial interactions with animals, plants, and fungi. We further briefly discuss pipelines that are currently used to characterize antieukaryotic T6SS effectors.
Dietary Polyphenols in Metabolic Diseases and Neurodegeneration: Molecular Targets on Autophagy and Biological Effects
Authors: García-Aguilar Ana , Palomino Ruiz-Poveda Olga , Benito de las Heras Manuel , Guillén Viejo Carlos
Published: November 2020

Polyphenols represent a group of secondary metabolites of plants which have been analyzed as potent regulators of multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy, among others. These natural compounds exhibit beneficial effects and protection against inflammation, oxidative stress and related injuries including metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular damage, obesity and diabetes and neurodegeneration. In the present review, we report the main biological effects in relationship to autophagy regulation in response to different dietary polyphenols and its impact on metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases
Citizen Science Monitoring for Sustainable Development Goal Indicator 6.3.2 in England and Zambia
Authors: Bishop Isabel J , Warner Stuart , Van Noordwijk C. G. E , Nyoni Frank C , Loiselle Steven
Published: November 2020

Citizen science has the potential to support the delivery of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through its integration into national monitoring schemes. In this study, we explore the opportunities and biases of citizen science (CS) data when used either as a primary or secondary source for SDG 6.3.2 reporting. We use data from waterbodies that have both CS and regulatory monitoring in England and Zambia to explore their biases and complementarity. A comparative analysis of regulatory and CS data provided key information on appropriate sampling frequency, site selection and measurement parameters, necessary for more robust SDG reporting. The results show elevated agreement for pass/fail ratios and indicator scores for English waterbodies (80%) and demonstrate CS data can improve granularity and spatial coverage for SDG indicator scoring, even when extensive statutory monitoring programmes are present. In Zambia, management authorities are actively using citizen science projects to increase spatial and temporal coverage for SDG reporting. Our results indicate that design considerations for SDG focused citizen science can address local needs as well as provide a more representative indicator of the state of a nation’s freshwater ecosystems for international reporting requirements.
Metabolic Reprogramming of Fibroblasts as Therapeutic Target in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cancer: Deciphering Key Mechanisms using Computational Systems Biology Approaches
Authors: Aghakhani Sahar , Zerrouk Naouel , Niarakis Anna
Published: November 2020

Fibroblasts, the most abundant cells in the connective tissue, are key modulators of the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. These spindle-shaped cells are capable of synthesizing various extracellular matrix proteins and collagen. They also provide the structural framework (stroma) for tissues and play a pivotal role in the wound healing process. While they are maintainers of the ECM turnover and regulate several physiological processes, they can also undergo transformations responding to certain stimuli and display aggressive phenotypes that contribute to disease pathophysiology. In this review, we focus on the metabolic pathways of glucose and highlight metabolic reprogramming as a critical event that contributes to the transition of fibroblasts from quiescent to activated and aggressive cells. We also cover the emerging evidence that allows us to draw parallels between fibroblasts in autoimmune disorders and more specifically in rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. We link the metabolic changes of fibroblasts to the toxic environment created by the disease condition and discuss how targeting of metabolic reprogramming could be employed in the treatment of such diseases. Lastly, we discuss Systems Biology approaches, and more specifically, computational modelling, as a means to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms and accelerate the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
The Strong Downwelling (Upwelling) Impact on Small Pelagic Fish Production During the 2016 (2019) Negative (Positive) Indian Ocean Dipole Events in the Eastern Indian Ocean off Java
Authors: Lumban-Gaol Jonson , Siswanto Eko , Natih Nyoman Metta N. , Nurjaya I Wayan , Hartanto Mochammad Tri , Maulana Erwin , Adrianto Lucky , Mahapatra Kedarnath , Rachman Herlambang Aulia , Osawa Takahiro , Permana Arik
Published: November 2020

Although researchers have investigated widely the impact of IOD phases on human lives, only a few have examined such impacts on fisheries. In this study, we analyzed the influence of negative (positive) of IOD on a chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration as an indicator of phytoplankton biomass and small pelagic fish production in the eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) off Java. We also conducted field surveys in the EIO off Palabuhanratu Bay at the peak (October) and the end (December) of the 2019 positive IOD phase. Our findings show that the Chl-a concentration had a strong and robust association with the 2016 (2019) negative (positive) IOD phases. The negative (positive) anomalous Chl-a concentration in the EIO off Java associated with the negative (positive) IOD phase induced strong downwelling (upwelling), leading to the preponderant decrease (increasing) of small pelagic fish production in the EIO off Java.
Mobility and Health in the Context of Climate Change: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Synthesis of Policy Recommendations
Authors: Nayna Schwerdtle Patricia , Stockemer Julia , Bowen Kathryn , Sauerborn Rainer , McMichael Celia , Danquah Ina
Published: November 2020

Changing mobility patterns combined with changes in the climate present challenges and opportunities for global health, requiring effective, relevant and humane policy responses. This systematic literature review sought to synthesize the existing policy recommendations related to the literature examining the intersection of climate change, migration and health to strengthen the evidence-base. Systematic searches were conducted in four academic databases (PubMed, Ovid Medline, Global Health and Scopus) and Google Scholar for empirical studies published between 1990 – 2020 that used any study design to investigate migration and health in the context of climate change. Studies underwent a two-stage protocol-based screening process and eligible studies were appraised for quality using a standardized mixed-methods tool. From the initial 2,425 hits, 68 articles were appraised for quality and included in the synthesis. Among the policy recommendations, six themes were discernible: (1) avoid the universal promotion of migration as an adaptive response to climate risk; (2) preserve cultural and social ties of mobile populations; (3) enable the participation of migrants in decision-making in sites of relocation and resettlement; (4) strengthen health systems and reduce barriers for migrants to access health care; (5) support and promote optimization of social determinants of migrant health; (6) integrate health into loss and damage assessments related to climate change. The results call for transformative policies that support the health and wellbeing of people engaging in, or affected by mobility responses, including those whose migration decisions and experiences are influenced by climate change, and to establish and develop inclusive migrant healthcare.
Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage and Concentration of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Grain of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Lines
Authors: Góral Tomasz , Wiśniewska Halina , Ochodzki Piotr , Twardawska Adriana , Walentyn-Góral Dorota
Published: November 2020

Fusarium head blight (FHB) can cause contamination of cereal grain with mycotoxins. Triticale is also infected with FHB; however, it is more resistant than wheat to head infection. The aim of this study was to identify triticale lines that combine low head infection with low toxin contamination. Resistance to FHB of 15 winter triticale and three winter wheat lines was evaluated over a three-year experiment established in two locations. At the anthesis stage, heads were inoculated with Fusarium culmorum isolates. The FHB index was scored and the percentage of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDKs) assessed. The grain was analysed for type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and derivatives, nivalenol) and zearalenone content. The average FHB index was 10.7%. The proportion of FDK was 18.1% (weight) and 21.6% (number). An average content of deoxynivalenol for wheat amounted to 7.258 mg/kg and nivalenol to 5.267 mg/kg. In total, it was 12.788 m/kg of type B trichothecenes. The zearalenone content in the grain was 0.805 mg/kg. Relationships between FHB index, FDK and mycotoxin contents were statistically significant for triticale lines; however, they were stronger for FDK versus mycotoxins. Lines combing all types of FHB resistance were found, and two of them had resistance similar to that of wheat lines with the Fhb1 gene.
Stratigraphic Measures of Reservoir Connectivity and Heterogeneity in Heavy Oil Fields
Authors: Connell Sean David , Laugier Fabien Jean
Published: November 2020

Optimizing reservoir recovery relies on successfully transforming natural geological complexity into functional flow units that can be used to predict reservoir behavior. Stratigraphic connectivity and heterogeneity can be used to identify preferential flow-paths at different scales within a reservoir. Connectivity and heterogeneity are determined using well-established stratigraphic and reservoir-management methods, including amalgamation ratios, reservoir-quality indices, and Lorenz heterogeneities. Lorenz curves have a broad utility for defining permeability–porosity relationships among well-log and model datasets. Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plots (SMLP) are useful for defining quality-contribution rates for specific increments of depth to identify potential flow-risk elements. Different measures of reservoir quality (i.e., Reservoir Quality Indices) highlight heterogeneity distributions and identify potentially movable oil within flow units.

Stratigraphic connectivity and heterogeneity concepts can be used to identify flow units, thief zones, baffles, barriers, or depleted regions that may not be obvious from traditional well-log or sand-flag analyses. Connectivity and heterogeneity workflows for porosity, permeability, saturation, and temperature properties are applied to a high-net fluvial reservoir system to illustrate how fine-scale stratigraphic heterogeneities impact flow within a heavy oil field. Although net-to-gross and related property flags are useful for identifying opportunities, subtle variations in sand quality may not be adequately captured by simple sand-flag analyses.

Reservoir facies defined by heterogeneity and connectivity can guide well-path selection and improve predictions of reservoir behavior from field- to pattern-scale. Integrated connectivity and heterogeneity workflows enable opportunity identification for steamflooding and support heat-management plans by providing geologically consistent and objective measurements that can optimize or accelerate resource maturation in new and mature fields.
Ultra Low IFT or Wettability Alteration: What is More Important for Tight Carbonate Recovery
Authors: Zhang Zifan , Azad Madhar S. , Trivedi Japan J.
Published: November 2020

Recently, carboxybetaine based zwitterionic surfactants (CnDmCB) have gained attention for surfactant aided recovery processes for unconventional oil-wet reservoirs due to their high salinity tolerance, wettability alteration potential and ultra-low IFT at extremely low concentrations. Several researchers have investigated the dominant recovery mechanisms among the wettability alteration and interfacial tension (IFT) reduction during surfactant flooding in unconventional, tight, oil-wet reservoirs. Most of the previous studies carried out using spontaneous imbibition fail to answer the dominance of prominent mechanisms, especially with respect to time and location.

In this paper, these research gaps are addressed through physico-chemical interactions, and microfluidic studies carried out using carboxybetaine based zwitterionic surfactants (CnDmCB). Four zwitterionic surfactants corresponding to tertiary amines with different chain lengths of 12, 14, 16, 18 carbons were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR. IFT measurements and rock wettability were investigated for wide range of salinities and surfactant concentrations. CnDmCB surfactant based on its ability to alter rock wettability and reduce interfacial tension reduction was selected for representative carbonate microfluidic studies.

Experimental results demonstrated the IFT of carboxybetaine surfactants reduced with the increasing carbon chain length except for C18DmCB due to its poor solubilisation in the high saline brine system. The lowest IFT was up to 4*10-3mN/m for surfactant C16DmCB under the concentration of 0.025 wt% with produced high saline brine. However, this formulation called as F1 could change the zeta potential values of limestone only mildly from 3.07 mV to −3.79 mV. F2 and F3 formulations could change zeta potential value from 10.4 mV to −6.22 mV and −8.12 mV respectively. This signifies that higher wettability alteration potential of F3 and F2 when compared with F1 formulation. The IFT of F2 formulation is also ultralow (6.6*10-3mN/m), whereas the IFT of F3 formulation is relatively higher (0.115 mN/m). The observations of microfluidic studies are significant to emphasize that at early time F2 and F3 formulation corresponded to higher imbibition rate than F1 formulation due to its higher ability to alter the rock wettability from oil-wet to water-wet. As the front propagates to far location, F1 with ultra-low IFT begins to outperform F3 by providing better microscopic displacement and quicker front propagation throughout. The amount of residual oil trapped at far location was higher for F3 formulation than F1 due to its higher IFT.

The results of the study signify that significant IFT reduction is needed at later stage while good wettability alteration is important during early stage of flooding and therefore this study holds significance in selecting or designing surfactant based fluid formulation for applications in unconventional tight reservoirs.