bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Cátedra Universitaria del Adulto Mayor en Cuba: Experiencias fundacionales y actuales
Authors: Orosa Fraíz Teresa
Published: August 2024

La Cátedra del Adulto Mayor de la Universidad de La Habana constituye la institución introductora del programa de educación con las personas mayores en Cuba, después de la cual y bajo su acompañamiento, se crearon instituciones homólogas en todos los centros de educación superior del país. 
En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de sistematización acerca de sus principales resultados al cumplirse más de dos décadas de labor, en tanto indicadores de innovación o cambios a partir de aportes que se pueden evaluar desde diferentes dimensiones.  A su vez, en el transcurso de estos años se refieren cambios en los propios objetivos fundacionales con relación a los actuales, inicialmente más centrados en la instrucción de contenidos, hacia una mayor ponderación de objetivos educativos socializadores.
Se concluye sobre la importancia de la inclusión educativa como factor relevante de inclusión social de las personas mayores, donde envejecer aprendiendo garantiza actualización de saberes, empoderamiento y participación.
Technical and technological support for growing organic products in vegetable crop rotation
Authors:   Institute  of  Mechanics  and  Automatics  of  Agroindustrial  Production  of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Lysaniuk V. , Savchenko I. ,   Institute  of  Mechanics  and  Automatics  of  Agroindustrial  Production  of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Rykhlivskyi P. ,   Institute  of  Mechanics  and  Automatics  of  Agroindustrial  Production  of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Govorov O. ,   Institute  of  Mechanics  and  Automatics  of  Agroindustrial  Production  of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Published: August 2024

Puprose. Determination of promising technical means to ensure the cultivation of organic products in vegetable crop rotation. Methods. Monographic, analytical, abstract- logical, systematization, classification, observation. Results. The proposed vegetable crop rotation on eight fields with the annual use of siderate crops and the recommended technical means for performing technological operations for the cultivation of organic vegetable products are given. Conclusions. The alternation of crops in vegetable crop rotation is substantiated. The selection of varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases, and a set of efficient mechanization tools make it possible to return to the natural process of producing high- quality organic products with minimal manual labor costs. Important components of the effective mechanized production of organic vegetable production are the scientific developments of the IMA AIP NAAS for the grinding and incorporation of the green mass of siderates into the soil, precise sowing of vegetable crops, mechanized weed control in the rows and protective zones of cultivated plants. Keywords: organic production, natural soil fertility, atmospheric nitrogen fixation, sidereal crops, weed control, mechanization, soil certification.
The influences of immersive sensory cues on immersive experience recommendation intentions in a digital exhibition: A cognitive-affective-conative model
Authors: Chen Sharleen Xiaolian , Wu Hung-Che , Cheng Denian
Published: August 2024

This study proposes and tests a structural model comprising immersive sensory cues, cognitive immersion, immersive experience satisfaction, and immersive experience recommendation intentions in digital exhibitions based on the extended cognitive-affective-conative model. Data were collected from 475 audiences who visited the teamLab SuperNature of Macau and analyzed via SPSS and AMOS 6.0. The results display that the dimensions of immersive sensory cues were found to positively influence the dimensions of cognitive immersion, which in turn lead to experience recommendation intentions through immersive experience satisfaction; immersive experience involvement moderates the relationship between perceived enjoyment and immersive experience satisfaction and the relationship between perceived attractiveness and immersive experience satisfaction. The findings of this study benefit digital event marketers and designers by leveraging immersive technology-related sensory cues to improve exhibition attendees’ immersive experience satisfaction and recommendation intentions.
The Role of Systemic Inflammation in COPD Severity: Insights from FEV1 and hs-CRP
Authors: Julike Katarina , Mery Silvia Harahap
Published: August 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex inflammatory disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation. While pulmonary inflammation is a hallmark, the role of systemic inflammation in COPD severity remains an area of active investigation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between lung function, assessed by Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), and systemic inflammation, measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), in patients with stable COPD. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 51 patients with stable COPD. Lung function was assessed using spirometry, and hs-CRP levels were measured using the Architect tool. The relationship between FEV1 and hs-CRP was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation test. The study population consisted predominantly of older males (mean age 64.05 ± 8.05 years) with moderate to severe airflow limitation (mean FEV1 33.65 ± 15.78%). All patients had hs-CRP levels within the normal range (<10 mg/L), with a median of 0.34 mg/L. A significant negative correlation was observed between FEV1 and hs-CRP (r = -0.260, p = 0.032), indicating that patients with worse lung function tended to have higher levels of systemic inflammation. The findings suggest that even in stable COPD, systemic inflammation, as reflected by hs-CRP, is associated with lung function impairment. This highlights the potential role of systemic inflammation in COPD progression and underscores the need for further research to elucidate the complex interplay between pulmonary and systemic inflammation in this disease.
A reconsideration of the title ‘General’ by Seo Hee, a figure from Goryeo
Authors:   The Bukak Historical Society, Hong Young-eui , Suh Gu-suhp
Published: August 2024

Seo Hee(徐熙, 942-998), included in elementary and middle school textbooks and among the 100 greatest people of Korea, was a teacher of the people who saved the country from invasion by foreign enemies with excellent wisdom and courageous determ ination, and is a m an whose equal is hard to find in our history. He was an outstanding strategist and diplomat with a strong spirit of independence.
Currently, after Seo Hee was described as a 'general' in the elementary school Social Life 6-1 textbook during the first curriculum period after the Korean War(1954-1963), in 1977, Seo Hee's grave in Sanbuk-myeon, Yeoju-si was renamed 'General Seo Hee's Tomb'. It was designated and registered as a Gyeonggi-do monument. Since the memorial conference held on the 1,000th anniversary of Seo Hee's death(1999), major researchers have repeatedly pointed out that the military title 'General' is inappropriate, and the former president and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as a civil servant, and the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, have called it 'Jang Wigong Seo Hee-sang'. Even though it has been designated and announced as a standard portrait, the name has not yet been changed correctly. In addition, there is a problem of unification as different names are used interchangeably in local governments.
Currently, the term 'general' in the general dictionary meaning refers to a military officer (military officer) or general(大將) who commands and commands an army, and 'general' in English means a general-level officer(將星級 將校). It is expressed as the rank of a head officer who com m ands and commands the army. Moreover, during the Goryeo Dynasty, a general was the third highest rank in the central army.
Using the term ‘general’ with this meaning as ‘General Seohee’ for Seohee, a civil servant, is not the correct title given the trajectory of his actions and life. It is probably not the fault of the academic world or the family alone that they have not yet been able to come up with a suitable name despite constant requests for a nam e change. It originates from the unconsciousness of all of us. Therefore, the name of the current Gyeonggi-do monument, “General Seo Hee’s Tomb,” should be changed to “Yeoju Jangwigong Seo Hee’s Cemetery.”
B7 homolog 3 in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Perovic Dijana , Dusanovic Pjevic Marija , Perovic Vladimir , Grk Milka , Rasic Milica , Milickovic Maja , Mijovic Tanja , Rasic Petar
Published: August 2024

Despite advances in cancer treatment, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a disease with high mortality rates and poor survival outcomes. The B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) checkpoint molecule is overexpressed among many malignant tumors, including PC, with low or absent expression in healthy tissues. By modulating various immunological and nonimmunological molecular mechanisms, B7-H3 may influence the progression of PC. However, the impact of B7-H3 on the survival of patients with PC remains a subject of debate. Still, most available scientific data recognize this molecule as a suppressive factor to antitumor immunity in PC. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that B7-H3 stimulates the migration, invasion, and metastasis of PC cells, and enhances resistance to chemotherapy. In preclinical models of PC, B7-H3-targeting monoclonal antibodies have exerted profound antitumor effects by increasing natural killer cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and delivering radioisotopes and cytotoxic drugs to the tumor site. Finally, PC treatment with B7-H3-targeting antibody-drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor T cells is being tested in clinical studies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of all PC-related studies in the context of B7-H3 and points to deficiencies in the current data that should be overcome by future research.
Efficacy of spray flushing in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Du Jiang , Zhang Miao , Tao Si-Yuan , Ye Lian-Song , Gong Hui , Hu Bing , Zhang Qiong-Ying , Qiao Fu
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Commonly used cleaning brushes in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes often cause damage within the working channels.

AIM

To develop a spray flushing system to achieving effective cleaning of the working channels while minimizing damage.

METHODS

This prospective study included 60 used endoscopes and 60 Teflon tubes randomly divided into a control group (n = 30) and an experimental group (n = 30). The material of Teflon tubes was the same as that of the endoscope working channel. Endoscopes in the control group were manually cleaned using traditional cleaning brushes, while those in the experimental group were cleaned using the newly developed spray flushing system. ATP levels, cleanliness, and microbiological testing of the working channels were measured. Additionally, Teflon tubes in the control group underwent 500 passes with a cleaning brush, while those in the experimental group were subjected to the spray flushing system, and channel damage was evaluated.

RESULTS

The ATP levels (RLU) in the two groups were 32.5 (13-66) and 26 (16-40), respectively (P > 0.05). Cleanliness scores were 1.5 (1-2) and 1 (1-2), respectively (P > 0.05). Debris was found in 73.3% of the control group, which was significantly higher than 46.7% in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Microbiological tests for both groups yielded negative results. Teflon tube damage in the control group was rated at 4 (4-5.25), which was significantly higher than in the experimental group 4 (3-4) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

The spray flushing system demonstrated superior efficacy in removing debris and resulted in less damage to the endoscope working channels compared with traditional cleaning brushes.
Technologies for managing political processes in the youth policy of the region
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Blinnikova O. N. , Pachina N. N. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University, Pachin A. R. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: August 2024

The article reveals the main directions of youth policy, defines strategies for the implementation of youth policy, describes technologies for managing political processes in the youth policy of the region.
Method of priority multipath multimodal messages transmission
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Ryndin A. V.
Published: August 2024

The paper presents a method that allows to allocate protocol data units of multimodal messages at the transport layer of the OSI model, considering their priority. Its implementation in the AnyLogic simulation environment is developed, the results of simulation modeling are obtained with the developed method and without it.
Saving of metal when using new types of reinforcement and calculations using the computer program "OM SNiP Reinforced Concrete"
Authors: Krakovsky Mikhail B. , Tikhonov Igor N. , Tikhonov Georgy I.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The methodology and results of research on the effectiveness of the use of new reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures with a multi-row profile of classes: A500SP and A600SP (six-row), Au500SP (four-row). The main attention is paid to the second limit state – the calculation of crack resistance. Using specific numerical examples, the results obtained when using reinforcement with a multi-row profile of classes A500SP and A600SP, Au500SP and class A500 with a double-row crescent profile are compared. The possibilities of a significant reduction in consumption in the case of multi-row fittings have been identified. Calculations were performed in the computer program "OM SNiP Reinforced Concrete".

Aim. To identify the advantages of using A500SP, A500SP, A600SP reinforcement with a new multi-row profile in the design of reinforced concrete structures. To show the possibilities of practical realization of advantages in the calculations of the HPE program "OM SNiP Reinforced Concrete".

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out for two types of structures. The first type included eight sections of elements working on bending, oblique bending, off-center compression, oblique off-center compression. In these sections, reinforcement of A500 and A500SP (Au500SP) classes were selected to ensure regulatory requirements for crack resistance. The second type was the reinforced concrete floor of the building. The calculations took into account the requirements of strength and crack resistance. Two types of calculations were performed: efforts were determined and A500 fittings were selected according to the LIRA-SAPR program"; rebar A500SP (Au500SP) was selected according to the "OM SNiP Reinforced Concrete program for the efforts received in the LIRA-SAPR program.

Results. The use of reinforcement of the A500SP, A500SP, A600SP classes with a new multi-row profile allows for metal savings of up to 25 %, compared with the currently used A500, A600C classes with a double-row crescent profile.

Conclusions. Reinforcement rods of A500SP, Au500SP, A600SP classes are recommended for wide implementation using the OM SNiP Reinforced Concrete program in the design.
METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING WORD COMPOSITION AND FORMATION IN MOTHER LANGUAGE LESSONS
Authors:   Student at Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Marjona Asadullayeva
Published: August 2024

Primary classes are preparatory stages for the study of word formation of the morphemic composition of a word according to the native language program, the task of the stage is to prepare students to understand the connection of words with the same basis in meaning and structure.
The effects of shared, depression-specific, and anxiety-specific internalizing symptoms on negative and neutral episodic memories following post-learning sleep
Authors: Niu Xinran , Utayde Mia F. , Sanders Kristin E. G. , Cunningham Tony J. , Zhang Guangjian , Kensinger Elizabeth A. , Payne Jessica D.
Published: August 2024

Emotional memory bias is a common characteristic of internalizing symptomatology and is enhanced during sleep. The current study employs bifactor S-1 modeling to disentangle depression-specific anhedonia, anxiety-specific anxious arousal, and the common internalizing factor, general distress, and test whether these internalizing symptoms interact with sleep to influence memory for emotional and neutral information. Healthy adults (N = 281) encoded scenes featuring either negative objects (e.g., a vicious looking snake) or neutral objects (e.g., a chipmunk) placed on neutral backgrounds (e.g., an outdoor scene). After a 12-hour period of daytime wakefulness (n = 140) or nocturnal sleep (n = 141), participants judged whether objects and backgrounds were the same, similar, or new compared with what they viewed during encoding. Participants also completed the mini version of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire. Higher anxious arousal predicted worse memory across all stimuli features, but only after a day spent being awake—not following a night of sleep. No significant effects were found for general distress and anhedonia in either the sleep or wake condition. In this study, internalizing symptoms were not associated with enhanced emotional memory. Instead, memory performance specifically in individuals with higher anxious arousal was impaired overall, regardless of emotional valence, but this was only the case when the retention interval spanned wakefulness (i.e., not when it spanned sleep). This suggests that sleep may confer a protective effect on general memory impairments associated with anxiety.
THE IMPACT OF TALENT CULTIVATION FOR UNIVERSITY FACULTY AND STAFF ON ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY
Authors: YANAN ZHANG , ABBAS ALI Assoc. Prof. Dr. DHAKIR
Published: August 2024

The organizational efficiency of universities is a key indicator for measuring their development and success. It focuses on the ability of universities to achieve their goals and missions, and talent cultivation plays a crucial role in this process. At present, research has mostly focused on enterprises, mainly focusing on the overall effect of talent cultivation, but lacks a systematic understanding of its impact on the organizational efficiency of universities. By studying the impact of talent cultivation on organizational efficiency, universities can provide better support for talent cultivation, establish good communication and feedback mechanisms, stimulate employee motivation and creativity, and thereby improve organizational efficiency and performance.
Development of a flow photochemical process for a π-Lewis acidic metal-catalyzed cyclization/radical addition sequence: in situ-generated 2-benzopyrylium as photoredox catalyst and reactive intermediate
Authors: Terada Masahiro , Iwasaki Zen , Yazaki Ryohei , Umemiya Shigenobu , Kikuchi Jun
Published: August 2024

A flow photochemical reaction system for a π-Lewis acidic metal-catalyzed cyclization/radical addition sequence was developed, which utilizes in situ-generated 2-benzopyrylium intermediates as the photoredox catalyst and electrophilic substrates. The key 2-benzopyrylium intermediates were generated in the flow reaction system through the intramolecular cyclization of ortho-carbonyl alkynylbenzene derivatives by the π-Lewis acidic metal catalyst AgNTf2 and the subsequent proto-demetalation with trifluoroacetic acid. The 2-benzopyrylium intermediates underwent further photoreactions with benzyltrimethylsilane derivatives as the donor molecule in the flow photoreactor to provide 1H-isochromene derivatives in higher yields in most cases than the batch reaction system.
Allostreptopyrroles A–E, β-alkylpyrrole derivatives from an actinomycete Allostreptomyces sp. RD068384
Authors: Elsbaey Marwa , Oku Naoya , Abdel-Mottaleb Mohamed S A , Igarashi Yasuhiro
Published: August 2024

Five new β-alkylpyrrole derivatives, allostreptopyrroles A–E (1–5), were isolated from the culture broth of Allostreptomyces RD068384. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, HRESIMS, and chemical derivatization. The absolute configurations of compounds 2 and 3 were predicted by comparison of experimental and calculated specific rotation data. Compounds 1–5 are the first examples of natural pyrroles substituted by formyl and carboxyl functionalities. Compounds 1, 4, and 5 showed cytotoxicity against Kasumi-1 human acute myeloblastic leukemia cells with IC50 values of 103, 105, and 105 μM, respectively, which are less active than the anticancer agent cisplatin, with an IC50 value of 70 μM.
Impacto del COVID-19 en el Rendimiento Académico y Estilos de Vida de los Estudiantes Universitarios
Authors: Venegas Ruiz Beatriz , Mederos Torres Claudia Verónica , Uvalle Navarro Rosario Lizette , Díaz Burke Yolanda , Garay Martínez Luz Eduviges
Published: August 2024

Objetivo del trabajo: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en los hábitos de estudio y estilo de vida que influyen en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios. Se buscó proporcionar estrategias para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y la calidad de vida de estos. Metodología: Se diseñó una encuesta para evaluar la relación entre factores sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios. La encuesta, aplicada a través de Google Forms constó de cinco secciones y 19 ítems. Las secciones incluyeron información sociodemográfica, datos académicos, actividades de recreación, salud mental y física, y hábitos de sueño. Los estudiantes fueron estratificados en dos grupos según su rendimiento académico para análisis estadísticos de asociación. Resultados: Participaron 393 estudiantes, de los cuales el 68.7% eran mujeres y el 60% tenían entre 18 y 20 años. Más del 90% dormía menos de las horas recomendadas. Los problemas emocionales fueron los más prevalentes, seguidos por problemas físicos y escolares. El 73.5% reportó una modificación negativa en sus hábitos de salud mental debido a la pandemia. Cinco factores se asociaron con el rendimiento académico: número de materias, ausentismo, problemas escolares, trabajo y procrastinación.
El impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial en los Operadores de Comercio Exterior en la Ciudad de Machala
Authors: Velasco Tinoco Juan Carlos , Ojeda Gonsaga Daniela Pauleth , Arias Montero Jorge Eduardo
Published: August 2024

La investigación explora el vasto potencial de la inteligencia artificial como catalizador de cambio en el comercio exterior de Machala, un nodo vital en la red económica de Ecuador; aquí, las soluciones tecnológicas avanzadas prometen una revolución en la eficiencia y competitividad de los operadores locales, la relevancia del estudio es evidente en un contexto marcado por la necesidad de adaptación rápida a las corrientes de la globalización y la digitalización. Se aborda una temática que va más allá de la mera tecnología, incursionando en la adaptación cultural y la planificación estratégica para que Machala no solo mantenga su posición en el comercio, sino que también la mejore sustancialmente centrándose en el flujo logístico y las estrategias comerciales, identificando cómo las prácticas de automatización inteligente y análisis de datos pueden revolucionar la gestión comercial. Con un enfoque práctico, la investigación busca superar la teorización para ofrecer soluciones aplicables que los líderes del sector puedan implementar; herramientas de aprendizaje automático y plataformas de análisis predictivo se perfilan como los protagonistas de esta transformación.
The first record of Neogammarus (syn. Rhipidogammarus) karamani (Stock,1971) (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in a marine subterranean cave of Malta
Authors: Iaciofano Davide , Deidun Alan , Sciberras Arnold , Lo Brutto Sabrina
Published: August 2024

In this study, we conducted a survey in the only Maltese marine cave (Ħarq Ħammiem) to assess the amphipod communities. The investigation revealed the first record of Neogammarus karamani (Stock, 1971) for the Maltese archipelago and its eyeless habitus.
Diversifikasi Ampas Tahu Menjadi Olahan Mie Basah dengan Metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Authors: Anggraini Denny Astrie , St Nova Meirizha  , Siregar Parningotan
Published: August 2024

Glycine Max is a by-product waste from the tofu-making process that has the potential to be utilized as an alternative raw material in the food industry. However, due to the limited knowledge from the community means that its utilization is not carried out optimally, so that it only provides very small economic benefits or, if disposed of directly, can cause environmental pollution. To pvercome these issues, the idea emerged to use Glycine Max as a diversification product in the form of economically valuable fresh noodles. This research is designed using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. Sample collection is determined by convenience sampling, and the sample size is determined using a sample quota. The specifications for developing the diversified fresh noodle products include Glycine Max Flour, Wheat Flour, Eggs, and other raw materials. The selling price of the developed diversified fresh noodle product is Rp.13,000/ kilogram.
Homicídio e algumas das suas consequências indenizatórias
Authors: Pádua Felipe Bizinoto Soares de
Published: August 2024

A morte é parte do curso da vida e tem relevância para o Direito. Ao tratar da morte, o Código Civil brasileiro de 2002 destina normas de indenização sobre o assunto, incumbindo a este texto o teor do art. 948, que trata dos prejuízos patrimoniais devidos àqueles afetados pelo homicídio de alguém. As inovações trazidas pela nova lei substantiva geral em relação ao que a antiga legislação determinava permite a busca por novas espécies indenizatórias sem o prejuízo daquelas enunciadas no art. 948. Sob a óptica interpretativa, os credores vão além do núcleo familiar, ingressando terceiros afetados pelo homicídio em relação ao menos a algumas categorias indenizatórias constantes nos incisos do dispositivo tratado. A orientação na aplicação do preceito legal é a reparação integral, que rege o Direito de Danos em sua totalidade, ora numa feição concreta, ora numa feição abstrata, utilizando-se de critérios que aproximem a indenização à situação ou, na impossibilidade, no uso de critérios gerais fundados em estimativas médias.
Rodolfo Sacco e il danno ingiusto
Authors: Grondona Mauro
Published: August 2024

Rodolfo Sacco, in un celebre saggio del 1960 dedicato al concetto di ingiustizia del danno, compie una sofisticata ma non dichiarata operazione di politica del diritto, nel segno della fedeltà al testo della regola giuridica; un’operazione che, nel caso di una clausola generale, quale appunto quella dell’art. 2043 Cod. Civ. it., non può fare altro che recepire ciò che la giurisprudenza progressivamente (con i temperamenti e gli aggiustamenti indicati dalla dottrina) statuisce. In questo senso la giurisprudenza assume il ruolo di stabilizzatrice – tanto istituzionale quanto ordinamentale, alla luce della relazione biunivoca tra istituzione e ordinamento: una stabilizzazione che passa necessariamente per il testo, difeso, appunto, alla luce di una politica legislativa che si muova anch’essa tra dimensione istituzionale e dimensione ordinamentale
Impacto das políticas públicas de infraestrutura nas comunidades quilombolas do município de Água Branca, Alagoas
Authors: Silva Filho José Olegário da , Hartmann Cassio
Published: August 2024

Introdução: a implementação de políticas públicas em infraestrutura tende a contribuir para a diminuição da desigualdade social entre os povos quilombolas. Objetivo: o estudo busca analisar o impacto das políticas públicas em infraestrutura no município de Água Branca, Alagoas, nas 6 comunidades Quilombolas deste município do alto sertão alagoano. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva, exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: o município de Água Branca é carente de acesso ao saneamento básico e que outros serviços essenciais são insuficientes, mesmo que a falta de infraestrutura básica e de investimentos pode prejudicar seriamente o desenvolvimento socioeconômico das comunidades quilombolas. Conclusões: apesar dos avanços legais ocorridos a partir de 1988 e das propostas governamentais em 2015, o estado de Alagoas ainda não conseguiu atender plenamente às necessidades das comunidades quilombolas por meio das políticas públicas voltadas para o eixo de infraestrutura.
Exercício físico no controle da obesidade em adultos
Authors: Silva Filho José Olegário da , Hartmann Cassio
Published: August 2024

Introdução: a obesidade é apontada como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública mundial, que afeta fatores genéticos, metabólicos, sociais, comportamentais e culturais, além de causar forte impacto no bem-estar psicológico e na qualidade de vida. O exercício físico e a mudança nos hábitos alimentares são os principais meios de prevenção e controle da obesidade, dos quais promovem alterações benéficas na composição corporal. Objetivo: identificar o tipo de exercício mais adequado no controle da obesidade e analisar os principais parâmetros antropométricos de classificação da obesidade. Método: foi utilizada pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa e caráter descritivo, baseada em livros e bancos de dados virtuais no portal Periódicos Capes, Google acadêmico, Scientific Electronic Library Online e nas bases da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Resultados: observou-se que a maioria dos estudos selecionados utilizou exercício físico de natureza aeróbica e o Índice de massa corporal (IMC) para a classificação do grau de obesidade e de risco de desenvolvimento de comorbidades. Conclusões: além das mudanças de hábitos alimentares, a prescrição de exercício físico deve ser considerada como complemento ao tratamento patológico dos indivíduos, associados a políticas públicas que venham contribuir positivamente com a população vítima desse estado pandêmico.
The Role of Perceived Ease of Use in the Adoption of Quizlet for Vocabulary Acquisition in Chinese EFL Contexts
Authors: Huanting Pan , Paee Rokiah , Ali Roslan
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the perceived ease of use of Quizlet among Chinese college English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, focusing on vocabulary acquisition. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combined quantitative data from a survey (n = 95) and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews (n = 24) following an 8-week Quizlet intervention. The quantitative results revealed high satisfaction with Quizlet, evidenced by a mean score of 3.96 on a 5-point Likert scale, highlighting its intuitive interface and multimedia features. Qualitative findings supported these results, identifying key themes such as user-friendly navigation, ease of becoming proficient and effective vocabulary learning through interactive modules. The study emphasizes the critical role of user-centered design in educational technology, suggesting that well- designed tools like Quizlet can significantly improve vocabulary acquisition and learner engagement. These insights advance the understanding of digital tool adoption in EFL contexts and offer practical recommendations for educators and developers.
Bridging the Gaps Between Communities and their Memories: Comparing Community-Based Archives in Five Countries
Authors: Flinn Andrew , Wiśniewska-Drewniak Magdalena , Tenaglia Mônica , Li Mengqui , Seixas Luisa
Published: August 2024

While there is a developing international discussion on the topic of community archives in different parts of the world, there has not been any sustained attempt to study community-based archives within a comparative framework. The aim of the article is to initiate a more systematic and comparative discussion of the different realities of community archives internationally (measured against and perhaps critiquing the descriptions and definitions offered by the dominant Anglophone literature on the topic). This article draws upon the authors’ presentation at the ICA’s Rome 2022 Conference of their comparative analysis of the contexts, form, and operation of community archives in five different countries (Brazil, China, Poland, Portugal and the United Kingdom). The authors also put forward an initial set of six criteria they believe are useful for future international comparative approaches to understanding community archives: terminology and definitions; typologies and characteristics of the archives; recent history and social structure of the country/region; relationships with external entities; funding and support; law and national archival and heritage systems.
Trentino’s Historical Archives Portal: A Tool to “Bridging the Gap”?
Authors: Franzoi Stefania , Baldo Fiammetta
Published: August 2024

This article analyses usage data for the Historical Archives of Trentino (AST) portal that has been promoted by the Autonomous Province of Trento since 2013. The data presents insights into the number of pages viewed, the portal’s users and their geographical origins. An in-depth study is devoted to the Provincial Archives of Trento; it consists of a comparison of data of the fonds that are most consulted online, via email and in the study room.
European Union, Archives, Rights
Authors: Rossi Tommaso Maria
Published: August 2024

European archives represent the historical memory of all member states of the European Union, and can also be considered “pillars of democracy.” Defending archives means defending the history and the rights of European citizens. The European Union has never actually issued general guidelines to regulate the management of historical archives produced by independent institutions of the various member countries. At present, there is only legislation for the historical archives of the European Union that are kept at the European University Institute in Florence. The lack of unified regulations represent an obstacle to preserving and defending European archives. Moreover, legislation regarding military defense, and consequently the defense of cultural heritage, is also missing. This article retraces the European Union’s measures concerning archives, focusing on both treaties and resolutions adopted by European councils which have led to the idea of a common defense policy, and thus proposing its application in the archival field.
Implementing the Digital Transfer of Records from Public Institutions: The Experience of the National Archives of Chile
Authors: Andaur Gabriela , Díaz Pilar
Published: August 2024

The Electronic Archives of the National Archives of Chile has created a digital platform to receive electronic records from public institutions, and a series of documents to explain the new procedures and requirements to carry out this process. However, implementing the digital transfer of records has been much slower than expected. The Electronic Archives team has encountered a series of challenges that have forced a series of changes in the initial methodology and strategies to approach public institutions and increase transfer rates. This article discusses how the work has been adapted, the current results and efforts to achieve the Electronic Archives mission, and reflections on the relationship between records management, digital transfer, and digital transformation in Chile.
European Digital Treasures: A Project to Address the European Archives’ Challenges
Authors: Martínez Cristina Díaz , Callus Leonard , Szatucsek Zoltán
Published: August 2024

The project “European Digital Treasures: Management of centennial archives in the 21st century” ran between October 2018 and January 2023. A consortium of seven partners from seven countries sought to understand the challenges being faced by European archives and develop appropriate responses in this project, co-funded by the European Union (EU) through the Creative Europe programme, the EU framework programme for the cultural and audio-visual sectors. Five state archives, an international network and a technological university developed, and tested activities aimed at addressing the lack of economic profitability of archives, their difficulties to share their holdings and the barriers that still exist between archives and society. In this article the authors, coming from three participating national archives, discuss the work carried out to identify the current challenges and opportunities of European archives as well as the activities developed and carried out. They conclude by sharing some reflections on their experiences and the lessons learned during this undertaking.
Electron Density Distribution in H ii Regions in IC 10
Authors: Polles Fiorella L. , Fadda Dario , Vacca William D. , Abel Nicholas P. , Chevance Mélanie , Fischer Christian , Jackson James M. , Lebouteiller Vianney , Madden Suzanne , Ramambason Lise
Published: August 2024

We present the [O III] λ52 μm map of the dwarf galaxy IC 10 obtained with the Field-Imaging Far-Infrared Line Spectrometer on board the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. We combine the [O III] λ52 μm map with Herschel and Spitzer observations to estimate the electron density distribution of the brightest H ii regions of IC 10. We find that the line ratio [O III] λ88 μm/[O III] λ52 μm gives electron density (n
e) values (n
e [O III]) that cover a broad range, while the n
e values obtained using the line ratio [S III] λ33 μm/[S III] λ18 μm (n
e [S III]) are all similar within the uncertainties. n
e [O III] is similar to n
e [S III] for the M1, M2, and A1 regions, and it is higher than n
e [S III] for the two regions, A2 and M1b, which are the brightest in the 24 μm continuum emission. These results suggest that for these regions, the two ions, O++ and S++, trace two different ionized gas components and that the properties of the ionized gas component traced by the O++ ion are more sensitive to the local physical conditions. In fact, while the gas layer traced by [S III] does not keep track of the characteristics of the radiation field, the n
e [O III] correlates with the star formation rate, the dust temperature, and the 24 μm. Therefore, n
e [O III] is an indicator of the evolutionary stage of the H ii region and the radiation field, with higher n
e [O III] found in younger star-forming regions and in more energetic environments.
Evidence for Primordial Alignment: Insights from Stellar Obliquity Measurements for Compact Sub-Saturn Systems
Authors: Radzom Brandon T. , Dong Jiayin , Rice Malena , Wang Xian-Yu , Yee Samuel W. , Fairnington Tyler R. , Petrovich Cristobal , Wang Songhu
Published: August 2024

Despite decades of effort, the mechanisms by which the spin axis of a star and the orbital axes of its planets become misaligned remain elusive. In particular, it is of great interest whether the large spin–orbit misalignments observed are driven primarily by high-eccentricity migration—expected to have occurred for short-period, isolated planets—or reflect a more universal process that operates across systems with a variety of present-day architectures. Compact multiplanet systems offer a unique opportunity to differentiate between these competing hypotheses, as their tightly packed configurations preclude violent dynamical histories, including high-eccentricity migration, allowing them to trace the primordial disk plane. In this context, we report measurements of the sky-projected stellar obliquity (λ) via the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect for two sub-Saturns in multiple-transiting systems: TOI-5126 b (λ = 1 ± 48°) and TOI-5398 b (

λ
=
−

8.1

−
6.3

+
5.3

°

). Both are spin–orbit aligned, joining a fast-growing group of just three other compact sub-Saturn systems, all of which exhibit spin–orbit alignment. In aggregate with archival data, our results strongly suggest that sub-Saturn systems are primordially aligned and become misaligned largely in the postdisk phase, as appears to be the case increasingly for other exoplanet populations.
Following the Pulsations in the Long-term Cooling of GW Librae and V386 Serpentis
Authors: Szkody Paula , van Roestel Jan , Bell Keaton J. , Vanderbosch Zachary P. , Mukadam Anjum , Scaringi Simone
Published: August 2024

GW Lib and V386 Ser are dwarf novae systems containing pulsating white dwarfs that underwent large 8–9 mag amplitude outbursts in 2007 and 2019, respectively. Following the pulsation periods in these systems after the outburst provides a means to view the heating and cooling effects of mass accretion on the instability region of the white dwarf. Follow-up optical observations during 2021–2023 for these two systems are reported, resulting in a time span coverage of 16 yr for GW Lib and 4 yr for V386 Ser after their outbursts that reveal large differences in behavior as their white dwarfs returned to quiescence. GW Lib showed intermittent longer periods at 19 minutes, 1.4, 2, and 4 hr during the first 16 yr after the outburst, before finally showing, at 14 yr post-outburst, two of the three short-period modes apparent during preoutburst quiescence. In contrast, V386 Ser appeared to follow theoretical expectations, showing a shorter-period pulsation soon after the outburst, and progressively longer periods as it cooled to its quiescent state. While the optical light returns to quiescent value within 2 yr, it is apparent that the white dwarf takes much longer to recover to its quiescent state. Theoretical work is needed to explain the large differences in otherwise similar systems.
To Be or Not To Be: The Role of Rotation in Modeling Galactic Be X-Ray Binaries
Authors: Rocha Kyle Akira , Kalogera Vicky , Doctor Zoheyr , Andrews Jeff J. , Sun Meng , Gossage Seth , Bavera Simone S. , Fragos Tassos , Kovlakas Konstantinos , Kruckow Matthias U. , Misra Devina , Srivastava Philipp M. , Xing Zepei , Zapartas Emmanouil
Published: August 2024

Be X-ray binaries (Be-XRBs) are one of the largest subclasses of high-mass X-ray binaries, comprised of a rapidly rotating Be star and neutron star companion in an eccentric orbit, intermittently accreting material from a decretion disk around the donor. Originating from binary stellar evolution, Be-XRBs are of significant interest to binary population synthesis (BPS) studies, encapsulating the physics of supernovae, common envelope, and mass transfer (MT). Using the state-of-the-art BPS code, POSYDON, which relies on precomputed grids of detailed binary stellar evolution models, we investigate the Galactic Be-XRB population. POSYDON incorporates stellar rotation self-consistently during MT phases, enabling detailed examination of the rotational distribution of Be stars in multiple phases of evolution. Our fiducial BPS and Be-XRB model aligns well with the orbital properties of Galactic Be-XRBs, emphasizing the role of rotational constraints. Our modeling reveals a rapidly rotating population (ω/ω
crit ≳ 0.3) of Be-XRB-like systems with a strong peak at intermediate rotation rates (ω/ω
crit ≃ 0.6) in close alignment with observations. All Be-XRBs undergo an MT phase before the first compact object forms, with over half experiencing a second MT phase from a stripped helium companion (Case BB). Computing rotationally limited MT efficiencies and applying them to our population, we derive a physically motivated MT efficiency distribution, finding that most Be-XRBs have undergone highly nonconservative MT (

β

¯

rot

≃
0.15

). Our study underscores the importance of detailed angular momentum modeling during MT in interpreting Be-XRB populations, emphasizing this population as a key probe for the stability and efficiency of MT in interacting binaries.
The CUISINES Framework for Conducting Exoplanet Model Intercomparison Projects, Version 1.0
Authors: Sohl Linda E. , Fauchez Thomas J. , Domagal-Goldman Shawn , Christie Duncan A. , Deitrick Russell , Haqq-Misra Jacob , Harman C. E. , Iro Nicolas , Mayne Nathan J. , Tsigaridis Kostas , Villanueva Geronimo L. , Young Amber V. , Chaverot Guillaume
Published: August 2024

As JWST begins to return observations, it is more important than ever that exoplanet climate models can consistently and correctly predict the observability of exoplanets, retrieval of their data, and interpretation of planetary environments from that data. Model intercomparisons play a crucial role in this context, especially now when few data are available to validate model predictions. The CUISINES Working Group of NASA's Nexus for Exoplanet Systems Science supports a systematic approach to evaluating the performance of exoplanet models and provides here a framework for conducting community-organized exoplanet model intercomparison projects (exoMIPs). The CUISINES framework adapts Earth climate community practices specifically for the needs of the exoplanet researchers, encompassing a range of model types, planetary targets, and parameter space studies. It is intended to help researchers to work collectively, equitably, and openly toward common goals. The CUISINES framework rests on five principles: (1) define in advance what research question(s) the exoMIP is intended to address, (2) create an experimental design that maximizes community participation and advertise it widely, (3) plan a project timeline that allows all exoMIP members to participate fully, (4) generate data products from model output for direct comparison to observations, and (5) create a data management plan that is workable in the present and scalable for the future. Within the first years of its existence, CUISINES is already providing logistical support to 10 exoMIPs and will continue to host annual workshops for further community feedback and presentation of new exoMIP ideas.
Hopf bifurcation in a predator-prey model under fuzzy parameters involving prey refuge and fear effects
Authors: Cao Xuyang , Wang Qinglong , Liu Jie
Published: August 2024

In ecology, the most significant aspect is that the interactions between predators and prey are extremely complicated. Numerous experiments have shown that both direct predation and the fear induced in prey by the presence of predators lead to a reduction in prey density in predator-prey interactions. In addition, a suitable shelter can effectively stop predators from attacking as well as support the persistence of prey population. There has been less exploration of the effects of not only fear but also refuge factors on the dynamics of predator prey interactions. In this paper, we unveil several conclusions about a predator-prey system with fuzzy parameters, considering the cost of fear in two prey species and the effect of shelter on two prey species and one predator. As the first step of the investigation, the boundedness and non-negativity of the solutions to the system are put forward. Using the Jocabian matrix and Lyapunov function methods, we further analyze the existence and stability of the available equilibria and also the existence of Hopf bifurcation, considering the fear parameter as the bifurcation parameter that has been observed by applying the normal form theory. Finally, numerical simulations help us better understand the dynamics of the model, in which some interesting chaotic phenomena are also exhibited.
Mixed Migration After the Taliban Takeover in Afghanistan: State Capacity and Public Perceptions in Bulgaria
Authors: Dimitrov Atanas , Pavlov Vasil
Published: August 2024

In light of the Taliban takeover in Afghanistan in August 2021, this paper aims to analyze both the Bulgarian population’s attitudes toward newcomers and the capacity of the Republic of Bulgaria to manage mixed migration adequately. Toward this aim, a public perceptions survey was conducted in the cities of Harmanli and Sofia, where four out of five migrant registration and reception centers (RRCs) in Bulgaria are located. The authors argue that the state’s difficulties in coping with an increased influx of migrants and their possible integration are mainly due to its apparent refusal to take the lead in this regard and the lack of communication with the local population, especially where RRCs are situated.