bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concise CNN model for face expression recognition
Authors: Prajapati Harshadkumar B. , Vyas Ankit S. , Dabhi Vipul K.
Published: May 2021

Face Expression Recognition (FER) has gained very much attraction to researchers in the field of computer vision because of its major usefulness in security, robotics, and HMI (Human-Machine Interaction) systems. We propose a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) architecture to address FER. To show the effectiveness of the proposed model, we evaluate the performance of the model on JAFFE dataset. We derive a concise CNN architecture to address the issue of expression classification. Objective of various experiments is to achieve convincing performance by reducing computational overhead. The proposed CNN model is very compact as compared to other state-of-the-art models. We could achieve highest accuracy of 97.10% and average accuracy of 90.43% for top 10 best runs without any pre-processing methods applied, which justifies the effectiveness of our model. Furthermore, we have also included visualization of CNN layers to observe the learning of CNN.
A distributional semantics-based information retrieval framework for online social networks
Authors: Anoop V.S. , Deepak P. , Asharaf S.
Published: May 2021

Online social networks are considered to be one of the most disruptive platforms where people communicate with each other on any topic ranging from funny cat videos to cancer support. The widespread diffusion of mobile platforms such as smart-phones causes the number of messages shared in such platforms to grow heavily, thus more intelligent and scalable algorithms are needed for efficient extraction of useful information. This paper proposes a method for retrieving relevant information from social network messages using a distributional semantics-based framework powered by topic modeling. The proposed framework combines the Latent Dirichlet Allocation and distributional representation of phrases (Phrase2Vec) for effective information retrieval from online social networks. Extensive and systematic experiments on messages collected from Twitter (tweets) show this approach outperforms some state-of-the-art approaches in terms of precision and accuracy and better information retrieval is possible using the proposed method.
A TOPSIS-ELM framework for stock index price movement prediction
Authors: Samal Sidharth , Dash Rajashree
Published: May 2021

In recent years Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) has gained the interest of various researchers due to its superior generalization and approximation capability. The network architecture and type of activation functions are the two important factors that influence the performance of an ELM. Hence in this study, a Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) oriented multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) framework is suggested for analyzing various ELM models developed with distinct activation functions with respect to sixteen evaluation criteria. Evaluating the performance of the ELM with respect to multiple criteria instead of single criterion can help in designing a more robust network. The proposed framework is used as a binary classification system for pursuing the problem of stock index price movement prediction. The model is empirically evaluated by using historical data of three stock indices such as BSE SENSEX, S&P 500 and NIFTY 50. The empirical study has disclosed promising results by evaluating ELM with different activation functions as well as multiple criteria.
Designing an efficient predictor model using PSNN and crow search based optimization technique for gold price prediction
Authors: Dash Rajashree , Routray Anuradha , Dash Rasmita , Rautray Rasmita
Published: May 2021

Predicting future price of gold has always been an intriguing field of investigation for researchers as well as investors who desire to invest in present and gain profit in the future. Since ancient time, gold is being arbitrated as a leading asset in monetary business. As the worth of gold changes within confined boundaries, reducing the effect of inflation, so it is a beneficial property favoured by many stakeholders. Hence, there is always an urge of a more authenticate model for forecasting the gold price based upon the changes in it in a previous time frame. This study focuses on designing an efficient predictor model using a Pi-Sigma Neural Network (PSNN) for forecasting future gold. The underlying motivation of using PSNN is its quick learning and easy implementation compared to other neural networks. The fixed unit weights used in between hidden and output layer of PSNN helps it in achieving faster learning speed compared to other similar types of networks. But estimating the unknown weights used in between the input and hidden layer is still a major challenge in its design phase. As final outcome of the network is highly influenced by its weight, so a novel Crow Search based nature inspired optimization algorithm (CSA) is proposed to estimate these adjustable weights of the network. The proposed model is also compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE) based learning of PSNN. The model is validated over two historical datasets such as Gold/INR and Gold/AED by considering three statistical errors such as Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). Empirical observations clearly show that, the developed CSA-PSNN predictor model is providing better prediction results compared to PSO-PSNN and DE-PSNN model.
Lidar and radar fusion for real-time road-objects detection and tracking
Authors: Farag Wael
Published: May 2021

In this paper, based on the fusion of Lidar and Radar measurement data, a real-time road-Object Detection and Tracking (LR_ODT) method for autonomous driving is proposed. The lidar and radar devices are installed on the ego car, and a customized Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is used for their data fusion. Lidars are accurate in determining objects’ positions but significantly less accurate on measuring their velocities. However, Radars are more accurate on measuring objects velocities but less accurate on determining their positions as they have a lower spatial resolution. Therefore, the merits of both sensors are combined using the proposed fusion approach to provide both pose and velocity data for objects moving in roads precisely. The Grid-Based Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (GB-DBSCAN) clustering algorithm is used to detect objects and estimate their centroids from the lidar and radar raw data. Then, the estimation of the object’s velocity as well as determining its corresponding geometrical shape is performed by the RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm. The proposed technique is implemented using the high-performance language C+⁣+ and utilizes highly optimized math and optimization libraries for best real-time performance. The performance of the UKF fusion is compared to that of the Extended Kalman Filter fusion (EKF) showing its superiority. Simulation studies have been carried out to evaluate the performance of the LR_ODT for tracking bicycles, cars, and pedestrians.
Life Course Adiposity and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Xian , Tian Yan , Yang Yu-Xiang , Ma Ya-Hui , Shen Xue-Ning , Chen Shi-Dong , Dong Qiang , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai
Published: May 2021

Background: Several studies showed that life course adiposity was associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the underlying causality remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to examine the causal relationship between life course adiposity and AD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Instrumental variants were obtained from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for life course adiposity, including birth weight (BW), childhood body mass index (BMI), adult BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (BFP). A meta-analysis of GWAS for AD including 71,880 cases and 383,378 controls was used in this study. MR analyses were performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) per genetically predicted standard deviation (1-SD) unit increase in each trait for AD. Results: Genetically predicted 1-SD increase in adult BMI was significantly associated with higher risk of AD (IVW: OR = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.05, p = 2.7×10–3) after Bonferroni correction. The weighted median method indicated a significant association between BW and AD (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90–0.98, p = 1.8×10–3). We also found suggestive associations of AD with WC (IVW: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00–1.07, p = 0.048) and WHR (weighted median: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00–1.07, p = 0.029). No association was detected of AD with childhood BMI and BFP. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that lower BW and higher adult BMI had causal effects on increased AD risk.
A fuzzy logic neural network algorithm for compressor crankshaft-rolling bearing system optimization
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zheng Jianrong
Published: May 2021

Taking the crankshaft-rolling bearing system in a certain type of compressor as the research objective, dynamic analysis software is used to conduct detailed dynamic analysis and optimal design under the rated power of the compressor. Using Hertz mathematical formula and the analysis method of the superstatic orientation problem, the relationship expression between the bearing force and deformation of the rolling bearing is solved, and the dynamic analysis model of the elastic crankshaft-rolling bearing system is constructed in the simulation software ADAMS. The weighted average amplitude of the center of the neck between the main bearings is used as the target, and the center line of the compressor cylinder is selected as the design variable. Finally, an example analysis shows that by introducing the fuzzy logic neural network algorithm into the compressor crankshaft-rolling bearing system design, the optimal solution between the design variables and the objective function can be obtained, which is of great significance to the subsequent compressor dynamic design.
Quality evaluation of online courses during COVID-19 pandemic based on integrated FCE-AHP method
Authors: Tang Bin , Guo Shiwei , Yeboah Mathias , Wang Zhenhua , Cheng Song
Published: May 2021

After sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the university campuses were closed and millions of university teachers and students had to shift teaching and learning activities from the classrooms to online courses in China. The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly brought significant negative effects to university education activities. How does COVID-19 influenced teaching quality and the degree of influences have been studied by many researches. However, the online course quality which is influences by COVID-19 pandemic was commonly evaluated qualitatively rather than quantitatively. In order to obtain quantitative evaluation results of online course quality during the pandemic period, the integrated FCE-AHP evaluation was applied. Based on real case of online courses, the influence factors of online course quality were divided into four first-level indicators and further subdivided into 14 second level indicators. The weight vectors of evaluation indicators were determined based on experts’ comments from the Teaching Affairs Committee and the fuzzy evaluation memberships were calculated based on questionnaire results of 2021 students. The evaluation results revealed that the integral performance of online courses is acceptable and the performances of students and hardware are relative weaker. Finally, some improvement measures were conducted to deal with difficulties encountered in online courses during COVID-19 pandemic period.
Importance analysis on failure credibility of the fuzzy structure
Authors: Ling Chunyan , Lu Zhenzhou
Published: May 2021

To measure the effects of the fuzzy inputs on structural safety degree, this paper establishes the failure credibility-based global sensitivity by the fuzzy expected value of the absolute difference between the unconditional failure credibility and conditional one. To establish the failure credibility-based global sensitivity, the conditional failure credibility is firstly defined according to the original definition of conditional event and the relationship among the possibility, necessity and credibility, in which no extra assumption is introduced. After that, the equivalent expression of the failure credibility is deduced, on which the Bayesian transformation of the conditional failure credibility is obtained in this paper. Then, a single-loop method based on the sequential quadratic programming is applied to efficiently estimate the defined failure credibility-based global sensitivity. According to the result of the constructed failure credibility-based global sensitivity, designers can pay more attentions to the more important fuzzy inputs to have a better control of the structural safety degree. The presented examples demonstrate the feasibility of the constructed failure credibility-based global sensitivity and the efficiency of the proposed solution.
Research on the data analysis system of student stress in English MOOC based on fuzzy C-means algorithm
Authors: Yao Jian , Wang Lisong , Liu Ying , kui Ying
Published: May 2021

In order to improve the recognition accuracy of students’ psychological stress data in the English MOOC classroom teaching process, this paper improves the traditional fuzzy C-means algorithm, and uses the deviation value to represent the difference between the average algebraic distance of the neighborhood point and the center pixel. By calculating the deviation value, the influence of the neighborhood point on the center point can be measured, and the noise resistance of the algorithm can be improved. Moreover, this paper constructs a quantitative identification model of student stress data based on the needs of English MOOC teaching stress analysis, and uses image database to verify the basic performance of the algorithm, and constructs a data analysis system of student stress in English MOOC classroom, which is used in practice. In addition, this paper uses student facial expression recognition as a basis for quantitative identification of student stress, and designs experiments to analyze the reliability of the system. From the statistical results, it can be seen that the data analysis system of the students’ psychological stress in the English MOOC classroom teaching process constructed in this paper is effective.
The system for relieving students’ boring emotion in English learning based on fuzzy neural network
Authors: Yang Liuhui , Wu Xiuying
Published: May 2021

The ability to perceive students’ emotions in real time is related to whether the description of the student’s state is accurate, and it is also related to whether the goal of achieving the students’ individual learning needs can be achieved. This paper studies the students’ boring emotion in English learning, and builds the recognition system of students’ boring emotion in English learning based on fuzzy neural network. Moreover, this paper combines the actual needs to construct the system function modules, and carries out the algorithm analysis and framework construction, and uses the mathematical modeling method to add the emotional factor to the English learner state modeling. In addition, according to the actual needs of the system constructed in this paper, the boring emotion of English learners is recognized. In addition, this paper designs experiments to verify the performance of the model, and analyze the system reliability from the theoretical perspective and the practical perspective. The experimental research results show that the model constructed in this paper meets the expected goals.
The discovery and promotion of local tourism cultural characteristics under the concept of “smart travel” based on cloud platform data statistics
Authors: Zhengyingli
Published: May 2021

Smart tourism is an important vehicle and driving force to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional tourism. As an important supporting technology for smart tourism, cloud computing brings innovative advantages in modern tourism such as systems, management, and markets. Smart cloud services based on cloud computing technology will be more deeply embedded into traditional tourism elements. It is not only the concept of technology and service, but also the result of the pursuit of personalized tourism experience. Its cloud thinking will inevitably promote the integration and subdivision of resources within the tourism industry, and at the same time promote the adjustment and development of tourism-related industrial structures.
Fuzzy model based on local injection of MTX combined with traditional Chinese medicine guided by ultrasound intervention to treat CSP
Authors: Zhao Hong , Li Meiyan , Tian Fen , Zhang Li , Lv Junnan , Xing Kai , Shen Zhihua , Hou Xiaoying , Shen Xianghui
Published: May 2021

In view of pregnancy at the uterine scar after cesarean section, there is an urgent need to find a conservative treatment mode with drugs that can improve the success rate of treatment, shorten the conservative treatment time, and cause little harm to the body. This research combines ultrasound intervention technology to construct a fuzzy model to comprehensively evaluate the clinical effects of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine in the treatment of CSP. Moreover, this research combines the current application algorithms of machine vision to explain the relevant principles of ultrasound interventional vision. In addition, this research uses the background subtraction method to extract the target, and uses the machine vision algorithm to extract the ultrasonic detection target object. Finally, this research adjusts the control parameters according to the fuzzy control, and outputs the optimal control plan with BP network training. The results of this study show that the combination of Chinese and Western medicines in the treatment of uterine scars after cesarean section has the advantages of small gestational sacs, short pregnancy, and low blood β-HCG, and it has the advantages of less pain, economy, fewer side effects, and successfully preserves the uterus. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical application.
Research on data mining and prediction of large-scale competitions based on online data migration model
Authors: Wang Junjian
Published: May 2021

To improve the data mining effect of large-scale (sports) competitions and improve the results of competition prediction and analysis, based on the online data migration model, this paper establishes a system model for processing applications of transmitting nodes, relay nodes and receiving nodes in the competition network, and proposes an online distributed cost optimization control strategy to be responsible for the operation and processing of applications in the communication system. The control strategy realizes that while ensuring the stability of the application queue, the optimization target system overhead is infinitely close to the theoretical optimal value. In addition, according to the competition data mining and prediction requirements, this paper constructs a system structure model, and designs experiments to verify the system performance. The research results show that the performance of the data mining and prediction system of large-scale (sports) competition constructed in this paper meets actual needs.
Architecture and simulation of social management service system based on internet of things information model
Authors: Wu Ze
Published: May 2021

With the advancement of information construction, as an important part of smart city, the construction of smart society is invested. As a new mode of social management innovation under the new situation, the advantage of smart society is that it can complete the full integration of existing public resources and infrastructure, realize the knowledge mining of appearance information, so as to make social services and management more information-based and intelligent based on the common needs of smart social management, this paper analyzes the overall function of social management system in detail, puts forward the architecture and simulation of social management service system based on internet of things information model, and realizes the smart social management system, so as to make social service more high-quality and efficient, and social management more standardized and scientific. This paper describes how to promote social management services, and the specific needs of social information as the research basis of this paper, realize the application of social information integrated management service platform, and then give play to the advantages of information technology, realize the transformation of social management work mode, facilitate the social management work, improve the overall quality of life of the community, and reduce the cost of management.
The dominant frequency analysis of interfacial wave in wet-gas pipeline transportation based on NIR absorption
Authors: Zhao Zhiyue , Zhao Ning , Fang Lide , Li Xiaoting
Published: May 2021

During the long-distance transportation of wet-gas, the dominant frequency is of great significance for the study of pipeline fatigue and damage, and the safety production. Therefore, the theoretical and experimental researches for dominant frequency are carried out increasingly. However, most of the current prediction correlation of dominant frequency are mainly applicable to atmospheric pressure conditions (0.1 MPa), and the prediction accuracy is not accurate enough. The paper obtains the time series signal of liquid film thickness by near-infrared (NIR) sensor, and then calculates the wave frequency by the power spectrum density (PSD). The performance of typical predictive correlation is evaluated and analyzed by utilizing the experimental data at different flow and pressure conditions (0.1–0.8) MPa. The structure of Strouhal number and Lockhart-Martinelli (L-M) parameter are optimized reasonably, the mean velocity of the liquid film surface, the density increment of gas core, the gas core mass flow and average liquid film velocity are considered in the L-M parameter, a modified interfacial wave frequency correlation is proposed. The results indicate that the mean absolute error of the predictive correlation is 9.06% (current data) and 25.64% (literature data). The new correlation has a better predictive accuracy.
Empirical analysis of the fuzzy system model of financial expenditure economic effect
Authors: Qiao Liangguo , Qi Mingde
Published: May 2021

In order to analyze the effects of active fiscal policy implemented in China in the context of tax and fee reduction, this paper adopts a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with microeconomic foundations to study the economic effects of fiscal policy based on a comprehensive consideration of the previous literature. The empirical study based on Matlab software finds that: first, active fiscal policy has a boosting effect on the economy and can stimulate the level of output to rise in the short run; second, different fiscal policy instruments have different impact mechanisms on economic variables, and the impact paths of government consumption spending and investment spending are completely inconsistent; third, the economic effects of government tax cut policies are better than government spending policies, and structural tax cut policy is softer than universal tax cuts; fourth, expansionary government investment spending has the most significant effect on output stimulation and has a very long-term impact on output level. Through the above model analysis, this paper argues that fiscal policy should play a greater role in supporting industrial restructuring, giving full play to the long-term advantages of the interest rate effect on the basis of satisfying society’s short-term needs and pursuing prosperous economic development, increasing investment in public resource areas, deepening industrial structural reforms, offsetting negative supply shocks brought by trade frictions and cross-border investment, raising long-term output levels and increasing employment opportunities.
Performance evaluation of micro-blog marketing based on fuzzy theory
Authors: Qi Shoubin , Feng Junwen
Published: May 2021

At present, the people in the micro-blogging marketing performance evaluation research is still in the weak status, based on the fuzzy theory, a comprehensive questionnaire with the method of entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for the micro-blogging marketing performance in this study, with an enterprise’s from January 2019 to October of micro-blogging marketing performance activity, the propagation force and coverage for data collection and the analysis of simulation results. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is a method of comprehensively evaluating things based on the degree of membership in fuzzy mathematics theory. The method of evaluating participating units with multiple indicators can evaluate the participating units more reasonably and accurately. The entropy weight law reflects the relative variation degree of each indicator according to the amount of information provided by the observed value of each indicator, and calculates the weight data of the indicator by means of information entropy. Through the establishment of a performance evaluation index system for micro-blog marketing, the micro-blog marketing performance is researched on the three indicators of micro-blog activity, micro-blog communication power and micro-blog coverage in performance evaluation. Among the research results, 23% of people believe that micro-blog activity is more important for performance evaluation; 39% believe that micro-blog communication is more important in performance evaluation; 41% believe that microblog coverage is more important in performance evaluation. This result indicates that the marketing performance of the enterprise’s micro-blog is not only determined by whether the enterprise’s micro-blog is active or not, but also should pay attention to the spreading strength and coverage of the micro-blog. However, the influence of indicators with small weight on the marketing performance of the micro-blog should not be ignored.
E-commerce supply chain management mode based on management information security
Authors: Liu Chao , Qin Kaida
Published: May 2021

In the era of high informationization, supply chain management, as a symbol of a management era, brings us not only a new management tool, but also more importantly, updated management concepts and replanning, design, and ways to optimize business processes. The purpose of this article is to study the current information security issues that are common in China’s supply chain, such as the weak awareness of information security among corporate employees; the widespread disregard of information security management; the lack of a unified information security strategic planning and prevention mechanism; adverse selection risks and various defeats. In the specific application, starting from the overall business needs of the supply chain, referring to the framework of the supply chain information security system, through assessment and risk analysis, the security needs of the supply chain and its nodes are defined, and finally the e-commerce supply based on management information security is developed. Chain management mode. The experimental data show that the e-commerce supply chain management model based on management information security can effectively improve e-commerce operation efficiency and improve security performance. Experimental data show that the management mode of e-commerce supply chain management improves the security efficiency of e-commerce by about 20% and the operating efficiency by about 15%. The development of e-commerce is instructive.
Narrative review of clinical practice guidelines for treating people with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Gerber Lynn H. , Deshpande Rati , Moosvi Ali , Zafonte Ross , Bushnik Tamara , Garfinkel Steven , Cai Cindy
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Practice guidelines (CPGs) provide informed treatment recommendations from systematic reviews and assessment of the benefits and harms that are intended to optimize patient care. Review of CPGs addressing rehabilitation for people with moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE: Identify published, vetted, clinical practice guidelines that address rehabilitation for people with moderate/severe TBI. METHODS: Six data bases were accessed using key word search terms: “Traumatic Brain Injury” and “Clinical Practice Guidelines” and “Rehabilitation”. Further inclusions included “adult” and “moderate or severe”. Exclusions included: “mild” and “concussive injury”. Three reviewers read abstracts and manuscripts for final inclusion. The AGREE II template was applied for additional appraisal. RESULTS: There were 767 articles retrieved using the search terms, 520 were eliminated because of content irrelevance; and 157 did not specify rehabilitation treatment or did not follow a process for CPGs. A total of 17 CPGs met all criteria and only 4 of these met all AGREE II criteria. CONCLUSION: There are few CPGs addressing rehabilitation for people with moderate/severe TBI. More interventional trials are needed to determine treatment effectiveness. Timely and methodologically sound vetting of studies are needed to ensure CPG reliability and facilitate access to quality, effective treatment for people with moderate/severe TBI.
Common conservative treatments for lymphoedema post breast cancer: A focus article
Authors: Gallagher Shane , O’ Connor Lynn , Roberts David , Monaghan Kenneth
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide (J. Ferley et al., 2015). Breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a disabling complication with a long term impact on quality on life after breast cancer treatment, with an incidence of 2–5% in patients post sentinel node procedures (M. King et al., 2012) up to 40% following axillary lymph node dissection (A.C. Pereira et al., 2017). BCRL results in swelling of the arm, hand, and trunk which can lead to limb pain, heaviness, and altered sensation (Y.J. Sim et al., 2010). These symptoms can result in functional limitations, psychosocial distress and an overall reduction in quality of life (S.J. Merchant et al., 2015). The aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of some of the more common conservative rehabilitation interventions in BCRL. Conservative interventions reviewed include early physiotherapy and exercise, complex decongestive therapy, manual lymphatic drainage, compression, electrotherapy & acupuncture, self-treatment & weight management. The review may inform policies for treatment within the health service.
Orthoses: Basic science, myths and future direction
Authors: Mc Hugh Conor
Published: May 2021

The mechanisms by which orthoses work has been poorly understood despite the widespread use of orthoses in the physiotherapy and podiatry professions. This lack of clarity has been largely fuelled by methodological flaws in the literature, namely, approaching orthoses in a comparative manner to itself and/or other interventions. Future research would be best served by returning to physics first principles. The ‘kinetic dose’ concept is an approach worthy of further exploration.
Childhood onset homozygous recessive GDAP1 (p.Pro231Leu) mutation in a 9-year-old puerto rican pediatric female with axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: A case report
Authors: Ortiz-Santiago Ana , Ramos Edwardo
Published: May 2021

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a progressive hereditary neuromuscular neuropathy with pathology in the myelin sheath or the axon. CMT caused by mutations in the Ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein 1 (GDAP1) gene has been described by a spectrum of phenotypic presentations. GDAP1 is a mitochondrial protein responsible for protecting neuronal bodies from oxidative stress. It is associated with axonal and demyelinating pathophysiology with recessive and dominant modes of inheritance.We describe a case of a 9-year-old Puerto Rican female with clinical and electrodiagnostic results compatible with an axonal sensory-motor neuropathy where a genetic test describes a homozygous GDAP1 missense mutation at the c.692C>T (p.Pro231Leu), previously undetected in a pediatric Latino patient. Mutations in GDAP1 have been previously described in Tunisian, Old Order Amish, European and Japanese families with varying modes of inheritance. To our knowledge, this homozygous variant presentation of the GDAP1 gene is the first to be described in a pediatric Puerto Rican patient without a family history of hereditary sensory motor neuropathy.
Botulinum Toxin Type A injections for pediatric spasticity: Keeping our patients informed and practices safe
Authors: Wright Edward , Fetsko Lauren
Published: May 2021

Serious adverse events (serious AEs) following the therapeutic use of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A) are infrequent. Children with pediatric spasticity often have comorbidities that can cloud causation around an adverse event (AE). If a serious AE occurs, clear documentation of information sharing and informed consent as well as the provider-patient relationship are critical to minimizing litigation risks. Reviewing the litigation that has occurred following BoNT-A for pediatric spasticity can offer insight into how providers’ perspectives regarding this intervention may differ from those of the public who might serve as jurists. This article offers suggestions for content sharing during the consent process to optimize patient understanding about potential adverse events.
Synthesis of ethers containing 1,3-dioxolane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments
Authors: Dzhumaev Sh. Sh. , Borisova Yu. G. , Raskil’dina G. Z. , Kuzmina U. Sh. , Daminev R. R. , Zlotskii S. S.
Published: May 2021

Objectives.This study aimed to obtain ethers containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3-dioxolane fragments and evaluate their cytotoxic properties against HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines.

Methods. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the reaction masses were determined using mass spectrometry (using a Chromatek-Kristall 5000M device with the 2012 National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA database) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (using a Bruker AM-500 device with operating frequencies of 500 and 125 MHz).

Results. Ethers containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3-dioxolane fragments were synthesized in the presence of a catamine AB catalyst. The structures of the obtained substances were confirmed using gas-liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of the esters was studied against HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines.

Conclusions. Ethers containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3-dioxolane fragments were obtained in quantitative yields; however, only 4-{[(2,2-dichloro-3-{[(2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl) methoxy]methyl}cyclopropyl)methoxy]methyl}-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane exhibited cytotoxic activity against HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines.
Synthesis of thermosensitive copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide with 2-aminoethylmethacrylate hydrochloride
Authors: Duflot V. R. , Gaivoronsky A. V. , Lobanova E. I.
Published: May 2021

Objectives. Due to the increasing number of oncological diseases, active research into developing new radiopharmaceuticals is underway. Thermosensitive copolymers have valuable physicochemical properties that can be harnessed to develop therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals for treating solid tumors. The aim of this study was to develop a method for producing thermosensitive copolymers that can find use as radionuclide carriers to create therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals for treating solid tumors.

Methods. Using radical copolymerization in polar solvents, we synthesized water-soluble copolymers based on N-isopropyl acrylamide and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride. The resulting copolymers were characterized in terms of molecular composition and hydrodynamic properties using gel permeation chromatography, IR spectroscopy, potentiometry, and viscometry. Changes in optical density during temperature scanning helped determine the phase transition temperature (PTT) of aqueous copolymer solutions.

Results. We developed a method for preparing copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide with 2-aminoethyl methacrylate using radical copolymerization in water and isopropanol with a content of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride in a copolymer up to 23 mol %. We studied how the second comonomer affected the PTT of the aqueous copolymer solutions. An increase in the content of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate in the copolymer caused the PTT to increase. We found that the change in the PTT depending on the content of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate units in the copolymer had a straightforward relationship with its content up to 17 mol %. The use of physiological saline as a solvent led to a temperature decrease of the phase transition by two degrees.

Conclusions. The method of producing thermosensitive copolymers by radical copolymerization in isopropanol does not allow creating a radionuclide carrier. Solutions of the obtained lowmolecular weight oligomers form coacervate solutions, which will inevitably cause the radionuclide to spread throughout the body. The copolymers obtained by radical copolymerization in water with the content of the second comonomer 2-aminoethyl methacrylate from 10–17 mol % can be used as a radionuclides carrier provided that a physiological solution of sodium chloride is used as a solvent.
TINGKAT EFISIENSI PEMASARAN DAY OLD DUCK (DOD) DI DESA MODOPURO KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO
Authors: Vivi Irawati  , Sri Widayanti  , Wahyu Santoso
Published: May 2021

The development of Day Old Duck (DOD) marketing activities in Modopuro Village, Mojokerto Regency can be done by selecting the most efficient marketing channel. The purpose of this study is to measure the level of marketing efficiency of DOD. The marketing efficiency indicator itself can be seen based on the marketing channel, the amount of margin and the value of the farmer's share, while to strengthen the measurement of the level of marketing efficiency, it is analyzed using the marketing efficiency index method. The results showed that there were four DOD marketing channels in Modopuro Village, namely channel I: hatchers - collectors - consumers, channel II: hatchers - consumers, channel III: hatchers - retailers - consumers, channel IV: hatchers - collectors - retailers - consumer. In succession, the marketing margins for the four channels are IDR 4,500 / head, IDR - / head, IDR 1,500 / head, and IDR 5,500 / head. The farmers' share value for channel I was 61%, channel II was 100%, channel III was 80%, and channel four was 53%. As for the analysis of the marketing efficiency index, the value of ME in the four DOD marketing channels, respectively, is 26, 31, 27, and 15.
ANALISIS USAHA KOPRA DI KECAMATAN MANDAH KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Rafidah Rafidah , Sawitri Nina
Published: May 2021

Salah satu usaha perkebunan yang paling banyak disusahakan masyarakat di Kecamatan Mandah adalah usaha tani kelapa. Kelapa yang dihasilkan petani paling banyak diolah menjadi kopra. Kopra adalah daging buah kelapa yang dikeringkan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis penerimaan, keuntungan, dan efesiensi dari usaha pengolahan kopra di Kecamatan Mandah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan, dan efesiensi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa rata-rata biaya total pada usaha pengolahan kopra sebesar Rp. 8.895.515 per produksi. Rata-rata penerimaan sebesar Rp. 9.671.158 per produksi. Keuntungan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 775.644 per produksi. Produksi dilakukan 3 kali dalam satu tahun. Nilai RCR yang diperoleh sebesar 1,10. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa usaha pengolahan kopra efesien.
DESAIN PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA NELAYAN KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR YANG BERKELANJUTAN DAN BERBASIS KEUNGGULAN LOKAL
Authors: Arief Hazmi , Nugroho Firman , Rizki Pradini Ulfa
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir pada bulan Maret-September 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Menganalisis kondisi eksisting dan potensi sumberdaya ikan ekonomis Kabupaten Rokan Hilir; (2) Menganalisis peran kelembagaan dan stakeholder kunci pengembangan perikanan Kabupaten Rokan Hilir; dan (3) Mengevaluasi keberlanjutan Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal Daerah (PELD) Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis bioekonomi, analisis kelembagaan, analisis MDS (multidimensional scaling) dan analisis prospektif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) secara umum kondisi dan potensi perikanan berdasarkan analisis bioekonomi dari ketiga produk sumberdaya perikanan tangkap (udang, ikan biang, senangin), pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir khususnya udang masih berada di bawah titik optimalnya dan merupakan salah satu produk unggulan, pengelolaan yang optimal adalah menggunakan rezim pengelolaan MEY atau Sole Owner. (2) Stakeholder primer adalah Pemerintah Daerah (Dinas Terkait), Lembaga Keuangan Mikro/Bank, Pemilik Usaha Lokal, Investor/Pengusaha Luar. (3) Status keberlanjutan pengembangan ekonomi rumah tangga nelayan yang berkelanjutan dan berbasis keunggulan lokal saat ini secara multidimensi termasuk kategori cukup berkelanjutan. Sementara itu, hasil analisis multidimensi menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Rokan Hilir cukup berkelanjutan (54,45). Desain pengembangan ekonomi rumah tangga nelayan yang berkelanjutan dan berbasis keunggulan lokal yaitu ditemukan faktor-faktor dominan yang berpengaruh yaitu P = f (e, t, l,  r, s, n, y).
ANALISIS RISIKO USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KECAMATAN BATANG TUAKA KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Suhendra Ahmad Sopian
Published: May 2021

Jagung merupakan komoditas pangan kedua setelah padi, sumber kalori atau makanan pengganti beras dan sebagai pakan ternak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) untuk menentukan penerimaan dan kelayakan usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Batang Tuaka; (2) untuk menentukan risiko harga usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Batang Tuaka. Metode analisis data yang digunakan : (1) analis biaya (2) analisis penerimaan dan pendapatan (3) analisis risiko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Besarnya penerimaan usahatani jagung di Kecamatan Batang Tuaka sebesar Rp 6.962.727,00/MT, keuntungan Rp 5.321.464,00/MT dan R/C 4,24; (2) Nilai koefisien variasi produksi (CVa) sebesar 0,34; batas bawah produksi (La) sebesar 706,57 kg per hektar (2) nilai koefisien variasi harga (CVb) sebesar 0,07; batas bawah harga (Lb) sebesar Rp. 2.795,66 per kg    .

Kata kunci : Jagung, Risiko, Pendapatan, Harga
ANALISIS USAHA DAN NILAI TAMBAH ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA DI KECAMATAN TEMPULING KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Susilowati Reni , Afiza Yeni
Published: May 2021

Harga kelapa di Kecamatan Tempuling mengalami fluktuasi, hal ini menyebabkan petani harus melakukan altenatif usaha pengolahan produk turunan kelapa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui total biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam usaha arang tempurung di Kecamatan Tempuling, (2) Untuk mengetahui besar penerimaan dan pendapatan usaha arang        tempurung di Kecamatan Tempuling, (3) Untuk mengetahui efisiensi usaha arang tempurung di Kecamatan Tempuling, dan (4) Untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah usaha arang tempurung di Kecamatan Tempuling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Rata-rata total biaya yang dikeluarkan pada usaha arang tempurung kelapa sebesar Rp. 2.834.586,57 per produksi, (2) Rata-rata penerimaan yang diterima oleh pelaku usaha arang tempurung kelapa sebesar Rp. 5.748.750,00 per produksi. Sedangkan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp. 2.914.163,43 per produksi, (3) Nilai RCR (Return Cost Ratio) pada usaha pembuatan arang tempurung kelapa pada penelitan ini sebesar 2,02. Hal ini berarti usaha tersebut layak (RCR > 1), (4) Nilai tambah pada usaha pembuatan arang tempurung ini sebesar Rp. 799,02 per kilogram.

Kata Kunci: Pendapatan, Efisiensi, Nilai Tambah, Arang Tempurung Kelapa.
Presurgical Language Mapping in Patients With Intractable Epilepsy: A Review Study
Authors:   Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran., Karami Mahdieh , Mehvari Habibabadi Jafar ,   Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Nilipour Reza ,   Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Barekatain Majid ,   Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. USA., Gaillard William D. ,   Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. USA., Soltanian-Zadeh Hamid ,   Departments of Communication, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: about 20% to 30% of patients with epilepsy are diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy and one third of these are candidates for epilepsy surgery. Surgical resection of the epileptogenic tissue is a well-established method for treating patients with intractable focal epilepsy. Determining language laterality and locality is an important part of a comprehensive epilepsy program before surgery. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been increasingly employed as a non-invasive alternative method for the Wada test and cortical stimulation. Sensitive and accurate language tasks are essential for any reliable fMRI mapping. Methods: The present study reviews the methods of presurgical fMRI language mapping and their dedicated fMRI tasks, specifically for patients with epilepsy. Results: Different language tasks including verbal fluency are used in fMRI to determine language laterality and locality in different languages such as Persian. there are some considerations including the language materials and technical protocols for task design that all presurgical teams should take into consideration. Conclusion: Accurate presurgical language mapping is very important to preserve patients language after surgery. This review was the first part of a project for designing standard tasks in Persian to help precise presurgical evaluation and in Iranian PWFIE.