bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Program Penguatan Pengetahuan Psikologi Perkembangan Anak pada Guru PAUD Taman Posyandu (TAPOS) Anggrek Desa Jerukwangi Kecamatan Kandangan
Authors: Kibtiyah Asriana , Fitriyah Lina Arifah , Rofi’ah Siti , Dwinata Anggara , Umam Khoirul , Idawati Khoirotul , Hanifudin Hanifudin
Published: December 2024

Mengajar anak usia dini merupakan hal tidak mudah dilakukan oleh guru meskipun berpengalaman. Pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) adalah jenjang yang menuntut seorang guru mampu berkreasi dalam aktivitas belajar dan bermain. Guru juga dituntut memiliki bekal pengetahuan memahami kondisi psikis dan perkembangan diri anak. Sayangnya, tidak sedikit guru yang minim memahami hal tersebut, terlebih guru di pedesaan. Ketimpangan jumlah siswa dengan guru yang memiliki standar kompetensi dialami oleh PAUD TAPOS Anggrek. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertajuk program pemberdayaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) tingkat pemahaman guru dalam psikologi anak, dan (2) kemampuan guru mendampingi proses belajar dan bermain anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan guru belum memahami aspek psikologi anak dan melakukan treatment bermain dan belajar. Sementara kegiatan pemberdayaan berbentuk pelatihan pada kategori SEDANG dan terbilang CUKUP EFEKTIF.
Mencintai Indonesia : Psikoedukasi Pengembangan Karakter dan Moral Pancasila di Kalangan Anak-Anak Pekerja Migran di Sentul Malaysia
Authors: Setiyowati Ninik , Fatmawiyati Jati , Muntomimah Siti , Sanjaya Frisca Aulia Permata , Indahyati Laila Nur , Shohenuddin Shohenuddin
Published: December 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian luar negeri dalam bentuk Psikoedukasi Mencintai Indonesia berupa Pengembangan Karakter dan Moral Pancasila bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman anak-anak pekerja migran di Malaysia mengenai identitas kebangsaan Indonesia dan nilai-nilai moral Pancasila. Anak-anak pekerja migran sering menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti kurangnya pendampingan orang tua karena kesibukan bekerja, keterbatasan akses terhadap pendidikan formal, serta keterasingan dari budaya dan identitas kebangsaan mereka. Selain itu, anak-anak ini sering mengalami tekanan emosional dan stigma sosial di lingkungan tempat tinggal mereka. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan memberikan psikoedukasi melalui pelatihan tatap muka, permainan edukatif, dan penayangan film pendek tentang Indonesia. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk menumbuhkan rasa cinta tanah air, memperkuat identitas nasional, dan meningkatkan implementasi nilai-nilai moral Pancasila. Hasil uji perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada implementasi moral Pancasila dengan nilai P sebesar 0.017 dan z sebesar 2.379.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Padat dari Limbah Pertanian di Kelompok Tani Sadar Kelurahan Limbukan guna Mendukung Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Authors: Sari Deliana Andam , Yanti Rinda , Ibrahim Hasan , Dharma Setya
Published: December 2024

Permasalahan utama kelompok tani di wilayah Limbukan adalah penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara terus menerus dan minimnya aplikasi pupuk organik di lahan pertanian. Petani belum memahami manfaat dan cara mengembalikan bahan organic ke lahan pertanian.  Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian dari hasil panen, limbah kotoran masih belum optimal dilakukan oleh petani. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian Masyarakat adalah difusi Ipteks  dan pelatihan kepada kelompok tani Sadar mengenai pembuatan pupuk organik padat, demonstrasi/ pelatihan . Kegiatan pengabdian telah dilakukan pada bulan April 2024 Hingga September 2024.  Dari hasil pengabdian yang telah dilakukan, petani sangat antusias untuk mengadopsi teknologi yang telah di berikan selama kegiatan berlangsung. Petani langsung menerapkan produk pupuk organic padat yang dihasilkan ke tanaman jagung.  Penggunaan pupuk organic padat diaplikasikan ke lahan tanam1 minggu sebelum tanam.
The Effects of Snus Use on The Psycho-Physical Performance of Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Rexhepaj Artina , Feka Fidan , Bahtiri Abedin , Begolli Eron
Published: December 2024

Study aim(s): This paper aims to examine and analyze the impact of Snus use in sports, with a particular focus on football players. It explores the effects of Snus on health and athletic performance, delving into its physiological impact and contributing to discussions on sports ethics. Given the rising use of Snus in football, this study seeks to provide a broader understanding of its influence on physical, psychological, and social aspects.
Methods: This study is a systematic review conducted following the PRISMA model standards. The initial search yielded 2657 papers from PubMed and 654 from Scopus. Through a rigorous elimination process based on PRISMA criteria, the selection was narrowed down to 17 papers from PubMed and 7 from Scopus for analysis.
Results: The reviewed literature indicates that Snus use in sports poses risks to athletes’ health, including addiction, cardiovascular disease, and oral health issues. While some players use Snus to enhance concentration and manage stress, studies reveal that it offers no lasting benefits. Additionally, its use may set a harmful example for young athletes. Therefore, sports organizations must promote health awareness and educate athletes about these risks.
Conclusion: Although some athletes use Snus for concentration and stress management, there is no solid evidence of actual performance benefits. Moreover, its use carries serious health risks, including addiction, cardiovascular issues, and oral health damage. In conclusion, more detailed studies are needed to understand its long-term effects. Notably, Snus is banned by WADA.
THE NEW LOCATION OF THE SARMATIAN FAUNA IN THE TERRITORY OF THE DNIESTER REGION
Authors: Anastas A. V. , Kravchenko E. N.
Published: December 2024

The northern part of the Pridnestrovie is known as a territory with many geologic outcrops.
On southern outskirts of the village of Oknitsa in the Kamenka district has been studied for the first time an
outcrop of sandy and carbonate rocks, which is attributed to Lower Sarmatian. The strata with few or no fauna alternate with strata rich in mollusk shells. In the right part of the outcrop “belts” rich in gastropods
from the family Cerithiidae can be traced.
Монография «Лекарственные растения заповедника “Ягорлык” (пример популяризации результатов научной деятельности заповедника)
Authors: Чокырлан Н. Г. , Гендов В. С. , Изверская Т. Д.
Published: December 2024

The article provides a brief overview of the educational work of the Yagorlyk Reserve, based on
the results of scientific investigations. Information is given on the publication (in two volumes) of the
scientific monograph for broad spectrum of population – "Medicinal Plants of the Yagorlyk Reserve", which
gives an idea of the medicinal resources of the Yagorlyk Reserve, including 495 species of vascular plants
with healing properties.
ACTIVITATEA DESTRUCȚIONALĂ A BACTERIOPLANCTONULUI r. PRUT ÎN A. 2020–2023
Authors: Subernețkii I. , Negru M.
Published: December 2024

In lucrarea de fata s-a analizat aspecte legate de dinamica interanuală și sezonieră a
efectivului numeric a bacterioplanctonului total, activitate lui destrucțională și corelația dintre acestea.
Characteristics of the elderly in metropolitan cities: a geo statistical data visualisation
Authors: Bellafiore Vito Fabio , Cangialosi Donatella , Lancioni Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

A rapidly ageing population, such as the Italian one, has different social demographic characteristics from those of a few decades ago. The general improvement in living conditions makes it possible to consider the elderly today not as a burden on the community but as an opportunity.
The aim of this work is a study on the profile of the elderly and on some social aspects that highlight the changes that have occurred over time in the 14 italian metropolitan cities. In order to make the reading of the profiles more effective on the territory, a geo-statistical tool for visualising and reading data is implemented.
Response behavior patterns among youth
Authors: Sabrina Barcherini  , Serena Liani  , Silvia Pecora  , Simona Rosati
Published: December 2024

In 2023, the Italian National Institute of Statistics conducted the second edition of the survey on behaviours, attitudes and future plans of children and young people, addressed to 107,635 boys and girls, between 11 and 19 years old, resident in Italy. Building on the previous experience, innovations were fielded in the data collection methods, including improvements in the questionnaire’s design. To meet the needs of young respondents, a streamlined, short, easy to answer, and responsive questionnaire was designed. We analysed data on sampling units who accessed and submitted the questionnaire and those who accessed but did not submit it to identify different response behaviour patterns among youth. First, we analysed how many times the sampling units tried to access the questionnaire, by which device and mode (by scanning the QR Code or entering the website address), and where they stopped filling in the questionnaire. Then, we studied partial non responses to non-mandatory questions – i.e. if respondents preferred not to answer when they were not obliged to do it. Finally, we applied a logistic regression model to identify the determinants of the youngers propensity to submit the questionnaire. The findings provided useful insights on the design of web questionnaires targeting young respondents.
Sampling and civil society engagement in surveying hard to reach populations
Authors: De Rosa Eugenia , Inglese Francesca
Published: December 2024

‘Hard-to-reach’ is a term used to describe sub-groups of the population that may be difficult to reach or involve in research and social statistics. Examples include LGBT+ people, irregular migrants, homeless people and more in general those living in vulnerable social and economic situation and people at risk of discrimination. Invisibility and cumulative disadvantages may characterize hard-to-reach populations. These groups are difficult to identify and recruit, and their sampling frames are usually unavailable. Moreover, official statistics need to gather data that can help to design and monitor policies to combat inequalities, discrimination and disadvantages. The National Statistical Institute of Italy has a long tradition on investigating different hard-to-reach groups. This paper critically analyses these different experiences, focusing on two main aspects: a) sampling techniques and b) civil society involvement. Strengths and limitations, as well as future prospects are discussed.
Assessing Frailty in Older Adults: Strategies and Tools for Effective Policy and Research
Authors: Donno Annalisa , Silan Margherita , Boccuzzo Giovanna
Published: December 2024

The progressive ageing of the population, not accompanied by a corresponding increase in healthy life expectancy, brings to the forefront the study of the health of older adults from a holistic perspective. The concept of frailty aligns with this perspective, as it considers a broader condition of vulnerability involving mainly older individuals, which is much more difficult to define and measure. This article aims to provide an overview of the concept of frailty, the various definitional approaches, and, consequently, the measurement methods, while also focussing on the relationship between frailty and the two main concepts that define health: multimorbidity and disability. Following a brief overview of the types of data and their role in the study of frailty, the article concludes with an analytical approach for defining a measure of frailty.
DIAGNÓSTICO DE LABORATORIO DE COVID-19
Authors: Cristina Bujosa Cristina Bujosa , Frey Juan , Marcano Maidy , Rodríguez Melisa , Gutiérrez Cristina
Published: December 2024

Infografía del Diagnóstico de laboratorio de COVID-19
T﻿﻿he Role of the Parliament in European Integrati Croatia’s Lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Bidonko Khrystyna
Published: December 2024

After Ukraine was granted the status of a candidate for EU membership in June 2022, the cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union has reached a new level. Such development poses
challenges for the Parliament of Ukraine, which is simultaneously facing the challenges of war. It
is crucial to identify, what examples from foreign experience can be explored and which good practices can be adopted to enhance parliamentary mechanisms for European integration of Ukraine.
A relevant case study of successful European integration of Croatia is presented in the article.
Drawing from the Croatian experience, examination of official documents, parliamentary records,
and legislative acts, the article makes an overview of some adaptations conducted for successful
integration of Croatia into the EU.
Financing of the Catholic Church in Slovakia under the Optics of the Basic Treaty between the Slovak Republic and the Holy See
Authors: GYURI Róbert , MOLITORIS Peter
Published: December 2024

The paper focuses on the issue of financing the Catholic Church in Slovakia, from the perspective
of the international Basic Treaty between the Slovak Republic and the Holy See. It analyzes the
basic issues related to the Basic Treaty and the principles on which it stands, as well as the provisions that affect the financing of the Catholic Church. Subsequently, it discusses the mechanism of current financing of the Catholic Church in Slovakia. The second part of the contribution tries to answer the question whether the Slovak Republic is obliged to finance the Catholic Church according to the adopted Basic Treaty.
Regreso al futuro
Authors: González Sancho Juan Marcos
Published: December 2024

Ya ha pasado algo más de una década desde aquel abril en el que una carta de Steve Jobs anunciaba la negativa de incluir Flash en la plataforma iOS y que desembocaría en el declive de Flash, una plataforma que para muchos era por aquel entonces la más avanzada y versátil en el contexto del desarrollo web.
Pētījums par aditīvās ražošanas tehnoloģijas pielietojamību kompakta radio frekvences kvadrupola izgatavošanai
Authors:   , Pikurs Guntis
Published: December 2024

Promocijas darbs veltīts pētījumam par aditīvās ražošanas (AM) tehnoloģijas lietojamību daļiņu paātrinātāju izgatavošanā. Pētījumā izceltas izstrādājuma kvalitātes prasības, kas ir ievērojami augstākas nekā citās industrijās, un tās līdz šim brīdim ir atturējušas AM tehnoloģiju ienākšanu šajā tirgus segmentā. Darbā risināti radiofrekvences kvadrupola (RFQ) prototipa projektēšanas, izgatavošanas un pārbaudes uzdevumi no RFQ Q faktora paaugstināšanas un konstrukcijas koncepta līdz pat noslēdzošajām metroloģiskajām pārbaudēm, izņemot radiofrekvences testus, kas šajā pētījumā netika ieplānoti.
Re-turning the Child in Educational Research Methodology
Authors: Westgaard Bjelkerud Agnes , Moxnes Anna Rigmor
Published: December 2024

The methodological approaches we explore in this article are anchored in Manning’s (2016) concept agencement and Barad’s (2014) concept re-turning. By re-turning the soil of our doctoral dissertations (Westgaard Bjelkerud, 2022, Moxnes, 2019) and exploring agencement as a way of activating the child in research, we draw attention to minor issues within the ecologies of research practices. According to Manning the minor works through the major as a force from within, problematizing the major’s standardisations, opening norms and experiences to variations and potentialities. We re-turn our doctoral projects to actualise minor events by discussing the child as knower; childspacesmattering and child-events. Hence propose the child as political through agencement, and from this thinking of the child in research differently.
Digital Competencies of Elementary School Teachers
Authors: Trninić Dragana
Published: December 2024

Digital competencies contribute to the development of other significant skills for the modern, digital age, such as communication, content creation and participation. To teachers' digital competencies can influence their abilities to integrate technology into the teaching process. This paper addresses the digital competencies of elementary school teachers in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The aim of the study is to highlight the necessity of continuous education of educators in the field of digital literacy, enabling them to transmit the necessary knowledge to students in an adequate and acceptable manner. The results of the survey conducted through the questionnaire method indicate insufficient level of digital competencies among elementary school teachers, their awareness of this issue and their desire for additional education. This study has shown that primary school teachers in the Republic of Srpska (BaH) have basic knowledge about media and information literacy (MIL), but that their digital skills are insufficiently developed.
LC-TMNet: learned lossless medical image compression with tunable multi-scale network
Authors: Liao Hengrui , Li Yue
Published: December 2024

In medicine, high-quality images are crucial for accurate clinical diagnosis, making lossless compression essential to preserve image integrity. Neural networks, with their powerful probabilistic estimation capabilities, seamlessly integrate with entropy encoders to achieve lossless compression. Recent studies have demonstrated that this approach outperforms traditional compression algorithms. However, existing methods have yet to adequately address the issue of inaccurate probabilistic estimation by neural networks when processing edge or complex textured regions. This limitation leaves significant room for improvement in compression performance. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel lossless image compression method that employs a flexible tree-structured image segmentation mechanism. Due to the close relationships between subimages, this mechanism allows neural networks to fully exploit the prior knowledge of encoded subimages, thereby improving the accuracy of probabilistic estimation in complex textured regions of unencoded subimages. In terms of network architecture, we have introduced an attention mechanism into the UNet network to enhance the accuracy of probabilistic estimation across the entire subimage regions. Additionally, the flexible tree-structured image segmentation mechanism enabled us to implement variable-speed compression. We provide benchmarks for both fast and slow compression modes. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art compression speed in the fast mode. In the slow mode, it attains state-of-the-art performance.
Construction and clinical application of a risk model based on N6-methyladenosine regulators for colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhu Hanhan , Yang Yu , Zhou Zhenfeng
Published: December 2024

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) shows a high incidence in developed countries. This study established a prognosis signature based on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators involved in CRC progression.

Method

The bulk RNA-seq data from the Atlas and Compass of Immune-Colon cancer-Microbiome interactions (AC-ICAM) and GSE33113 CRC datasets were obtained from the cBioportal and GEO databases, and a total of 21 m6A regulators genes were collected from a previous study. The scRNA-seq analysis of the GSE146771 cohort was conducted applying the Seurat and harmony R packages. Consensus clustering based on the expressions of m6A regulators was performed with the ConsensusClusterPlus package. The ggGSEA package was used for the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The un/multivariate and LASSO Cox analysis were performed applying the “survival” and “glmnet” packages for developing a risk model. The pRRophetic and GSVA packages were utilized to analyze potential drugs for CRC and immune infiltration in different risk groups, followed by the Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival and ROC analysis with the “survival” and “timeROC” packages. In vitro assays included the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), wound healing and transwell were performed.

Results

CRC patients in the AC-ICAM cohort were assigned into three molecular subtypes (S1, 2 and 3) based on nine m6A regulator genes. Specifically, the prognostic outcome of the S3 was the most favorable, while that of the S1 was the worst and this subtype was associated with the activation of NF-kB, TNF-α and hypoxia pathways. Three key genes, namely, methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), insulinolike Growth Factor2 mRNA-Binding Protein 3 (IGF2BP3) and YTH domain-containing protein 2 (YTHDC2), selected from the 9 m6A regulator genes were combined into a RiskScore, which showed a high classification effectiveness in dividing the patients into high- and low-risk groups. Inhibition of the expression of METTL3A or that of IGF2BP3 suppressed the invasion and migration of CRC cells. Notably, the high-risk patients had higher immune cell infiltration to support the activation of multiple immune responses and exhibited significantly poor prognosis. Meanwhile, a nomogram with practical clinical value was developed based on the RiskScore and other clinical features. Finally, eight potential drugs associated with the RiskScore were identified, and CD4+ cells and Tregs were found to be closely associated with CRC progression.

Conclusion

The RiskScore model developed based on m6A regulators played a critical role in CRC development and can be considered as a prognosis predictor for patients with the cancer. The present discoveries will facilitate the diagnosis and clinical management of CRC patients.
Relación entre rasgos florales de diferentes especies de plantas y su atracción para Mastrus ridens
Authors:   , Inarejo Pacull Felipe Alejandro
Published: December 2024

El principal objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la atracción de diferentes especies florales hacia el parasitoide Mastrus ridens, con el fin de optimizar su uso en el control biológico de la plaga agrícola polilla de la manzana. Se seleccionaron cinco especies nativas de Chile (Cistanthe grandiflora, Encelia canesencs, Lycium chilense, Sparalcea obtusiloba y Teucrium bicolor) y dos exóticas (Lobularia maritima y Fagopyrum esculentum) para analizar sus características florales y su atracción hacia M. ridens. Los resultados sugieren que Lobularia maritima (Alyssum) y Teucrium bicolor (Oreganillo) fueron las más atractivas para M. ridens y presentaban rasgos florales similares. El número de flores/inflorescencias por ramillete también influyó positivamente en las visitas del parasitoide. Una selección adecuada de plantas florales es esencial para el éxito del control biológico por conservación.
Deconstruir la torre: un nuevo imaginario doméstico a partir de la reutilización adaptativa del edificio Santander en Santiago Centro
Authors:   , Ganderats Atria Emilia
Published: December 2024

Las oficinas están trasladándose al oriente de Santiago luego de décadas asentadas en el casco histórico. Producto de esto, la comuna está volviendo a albergar vivienda y por ende la llegada de nuevos usuarios. Este fenómeno, que comenzó hace unos años y se acentuó luego de la pandemia, permite ver como una oportunidadlos edificios en desuso para nuevos programas y servicios. Sin embargo, cabe preguntarse si la comuna está realmente preparada en cuanto a vivienda integral y equipamiento necesario para la llegada de nuevas familias y los requerimientos que ello conlleva.Así, como una respuesta a la crisis programática y de infraestructura en obsolescencia en la comuna de Santiago Centro, esta tesis y proyecto buscan proponer un nuevo imaginario doméstico como posible respuesta a las nuevas necesidades, tanto familiares como colectivas a partir de un dispositivo urbano mediante la reutilización adaptativa de un clásico edificio torre de oficina convertido en vivienda.
Consolidación y revalorización de los ecosistemas frágiles del estuario Quempillén: parque educativo de infraestructuras sostenibles
Authors:   , Larraín Caulier Nicolasa
Published: December 2024

El estuario Quempillén, es parte de una red de humedales costeros que conforman el paisaje del agua de la comuna de Ancud, en la Región de los Lagos, es uno de los principales afluentes del estero Pudeto, destacándose como el más extenso. Con una longitud de 9,34 kilómetros, este estuario alberga una amplia diversidad de hábitats que sustentan numerosas especies marinas, siendo los productosbentónicos y las aves migratorias los principales entre ellos.Con su ubicación geográfica cercana a la ciudad de Ancud, el estuario y sus alrededores cumplen un importante rol en el turismo regional. Manteniendo su ruralidad, estos paisajes son cada vez más apreciados por los visitantes que buscan experiencias naturales, estableciendo una importante carga turística no regulada sobre estos paisajes. Los alrededores del estuario, caracterizados por quebradas y bosques, desempeñan un papel crucial en su ecología, contribuyendo al control del ciclo del agua y la biodiversidad, mientras que también son un punto destacado para la acuicultura, como la ostra chilena, lo que resalta su valor tanto ecológico como productivo. Sin embargo, el crecimiento urbano ha expuesto al estuario a una serie de amenazas como la sobreexplotación de recursos y contaminación de sus aguas, debido a la falta de medidas adecuadas de protección de humedales. Actualmente, se observa una desconexión con el cuerpo de agua, lo que ha llevado al descuido de este, afectando negativamente a la flora y fauna. Estas acciones, sumadas con el turismo desmedido, han provocado una notable degradación a los ecosistemas del lugar, debido a su escaso volumen de agua, dando resultado a una pérdida de importancia e identidad paisajística del cuerpo de agua. Ante esta problemática, el objetivo de la investigación es consolidar y activar el estuario desde las perspectivas del turismo y la producción, mediante la creación de un parque educativo. Este parque no solo buscará fomentar la coexistencia de múltiples factores que interactúan en el mismo espacio, sino que también promoverá la generación de una relación armoniosa entre la comunidad local y su entorno natural, favoreciendo a la conservación y protección de los ecosistemas.
Paisajes culturales y estrategias de adaptación de la identidad campesina en el Valle de Putaendo
Authors:   , Neely Delgueil Marjolaine
Published: December 2024

El patrimonio cultural ofrece una experiencia de creación de memoria, identidad y de lugar propio percibiéndose en los paisajes culturales las tradiciones, la historia y los rasgos identitarios. Este proyecto plantea la comprensión de los territorios agrarios desde una lectura patrimonial que explicita el valor cultural de los paisajes y propone estrategias que sustenten procesos de adaptación sostenibles. Se estudia el valle de Putaendo cuyo patrimonio cultural define sistemas dinámicos similares a otros territorios agrarios que enfrentan cambios profundos y comprenderlo como paisaje cultural amplía el acercamiento tradicional de clasificación del patrimonio y plantea una propuesta comprensiva y operativa replicable en numerosos lugares. Se desarrolla un modelo de planificación para territorios agrarios que permite la proyección del patrimonio y la identidad local, y atendiendo ello es que se propone una metodología y su aplicación en el diseño de un Plan de Desarrollo del Paisaje Cultural. Para la propuesta de Plan se explora la relación entre territorio e identidad campesina sustentando herramientas que introducen al paisaje en el ordenamiento territorial y plantean objetivos de sostenibilidad basados en valores paisajísticos vinculados a la identidad campesina.
Evaluation of Newly Developed BIDI Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Genotypes for Seed Oil
Authors: Bai P. Pulli , Babu K. Sathish , Basha S. Jaffar , Prabhakar K. , Sarala K. , Madhav M. Seshu , Johnson M.
Published: December 2024

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seed oil (TSO), a byproduct of tobacco leaf production, has been shown to be a substitute for a diesel fuel in a raw or chemically modified form. The oil content of the seed ranges from 36% to 41% of seed dry weight. In the present study the experiment was conducted with 8 genotypes ABD 132 (Nandyal Pogaku 2), ABD119, NyBD56, NBD290, NBD289, ABD146, A119(C) and Nandyal pogaku-1(C) in randomized block design from 2018-19 to 2020-21at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal with an objective to evaluate the newly developed genotypes for seed yield and yield attributes and to find out oil yield and quality of tobacco seed oil. Results showed that the entries ABD132 (2199 kg/ha), NBD290 (2150kg/ha), ABD145 (2137 kg/ha) and NBD289 (2067kg/ha) has recorded significantly higher cured leaf yield and chemical quality parameters were recorded in its leaves of the genotypes under untopped condition, the lowest chloride content of 0.78 % in NBD 290, higher nicotine content (2.82%) in ABD132 (Nandyal Pogaku 2) and higher reducing sugars (1.55%) in A119, making it suitable for bidi smoking. Entries ABD 132 (745 kg/ha) & A119 (738 kg/ha) recorded higher seed yield and oil yield potential (234 kg/ha) and (235 kg/ha) respectively. ABD 132 has recorded maximum nicotine yield potential (62.01 kg/ha). These genotypes (ABD 132 and A119) used further breeding programmes to increase the oil yield and to use the by-products.
Attraction of Sucking Pests on Different Coloured Sticky Traps in Bt Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L)
Authors: P. H. Rabari, , P. S. Patel, , H. R. Gothi, , C. S. Barad, , P. K. Thakar, , D.V. Chaudhary,
Published: December 2024

In cotton ecosystem, number of insect pests simultaneously occur and cause enormous damage to crop. There are many sampling methods that are being used to monitor insect pests and among them the sticky traps are widely used to sample insect worldwide. Hence, studies on trapping efficiency of coloured sticky trap against sucking pests was carried out during 2022 and 2023 at S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India. The data on aphid trapping revealed that population of aphid per trap was ranged between 1.90 to 7.23 aphids per trap. The highest number of aphid capturing was recorded from yellow coloured sticky trap (7.23 aphids/trap) and proved as the most effective sticky traps against aphids. Yellow coloured sticky trap significantly attracted more number of jassids with a population of 13.56 jassids per trap and found most effective. The data on whitefly trapping indicated that population of whitefly was ranged between 1.04 to 5.45 whiteflies per trap. The highest number of whitefly capturing was recorded from yellow coloured sticky trap (5.45 whiteflies/trap) and registered as the most effective sticky traps. The data on thrips trapping revealed that population of thrips per trap was varied from 1.40 to 8.38 thrips per trap. The maximum 8.38 thrips per trap were attracted to blue coloured sticky trap and it was statistically at par with yellow coloured sticky trap (7.51 thrips/trap).
Prolonged sedentary time under the state of emergency during the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019: Assessing the impact of work environment in Japan
Authors: Koyama Teruhide , Takeuchi Kenji , Tamada Yudai , Aida Jun , Koyama Shihoko , Matsuyama Yusuke , Tabuchi Takahiro
Published: August 2021

Objectives

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and the resulting state of emergency have restricted work environments, which may contribute to increased duration of sedentary behaviors. This study investigated the self-reported sedentary time of Japanese workers during and after the first state of emergency (April 7 to May 25, 2020) and examined differences in sedentary time after starting work from home and according to job type.

Methods

We used cross-sectional data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey, a web-based questionnaire survey conducted from August to September 2020 (n = 11,623; age range 15-79 years; 63.6% male). Prolonged sedentary time was calculated by subtracting the sedentary time after the state of emergency (defined as the normal sedentary time) from that during the emergency, with adjustments using inverse probability weighting for being a respondent in an internet survey.

Results

An increase in sedentary time of at least 2 hours was reported by 12.8% of respondents who started working from home during the state of emergency, including 9.7% of salespersons and 7.7% of desk workers. After adjusting for potential confounders, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for a prolonged sedentary time ≥2 hours was significantly higher in respondents who started to work from home (OR: 2.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.78-2.57), and certain job types (desk workers; OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.27-1.91, salespersons; OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.64-2.51).

Conclusions

Working from home and non-physical work environments might be important predictors of prolonged sedentary time.
Stoicism
Authors: Heidgerken Benjamin E.
Published: August 2021

Stoicism is an ancient Greek school of eudaemonistic philosophy, distinct in its physics from Epicureanism in its affirmation that the world is a deterministic, orderly, and reasonable whole and from Platonism and Aristotle in its affirmation that everything that exists is a material body. Stoic ethics is characterized by a focus on the inner life, living according to nature, and dispassion as an ideal moral state. During and after the period of explicit Stoic adherents, Christianity appropriated and transformed a number of Stoic moral ideas.
Sureśvara
Authors: Pellegrini Gianni
Published: August 2021

Sureśvara is one of the most influential Advaita Vedānta authors, but information regarding him is quite scarce. Tradition identifies Sureśvara with Maṇḍana Miśra, before the latter was defeated in debate by Śaṅkara Bhagavatpāda and initiated into renunciation; nevertheless, several scholars have challenged this equivalency. Within the tradition of Advaita, Sureśvara is often referred to as the “author of the gloss” (
vārttikakāra
). In fact, he wrote three important glosses, an independent treatise, and a commentary, respectively the
Taittirīyopaniṣadbhāṣyavārttika
, the
Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣyavārttika
, the
Pañcīkaraṇavārttika
, the
Naiṣkarmyasiddhi,
and the
Mānasollāsa
. His main contribution to the philosophy of Advaita Vedānta is the theory of unreal appearance (
ābhāsavāda
), according to which there is only one reality that is the Absolute (
brahman
). Ignorance is solely responsible for the appearance of the phenomenal world, which is definitely false (
mithyā
).
Two Truths in Buddhism
Authors: Thakchoe Sonam
Published: August 2021

The Buddhist idea of two “truths” (Pāli:sacca; Sanskrit:satya) refers to the idea that there is a “conventional” (Pāli:sammuti; Sanskrit:saṃvṛti) truth that must be distinguished from the “ultimate” (Pāli:paramattha; Sanskrit:paramārtha) truth. The two truths distinction may have emerged initially as a hermeneutic device which later interpreters employed to reconcile apparent inconsistencies among statements in the Buddhist scriptures. The two truths doctrine nevertheless came to hold a central philosophical position in Buddhist semantics, ontology, epistemology, and soteriology in the majority of philosophical schools including Theravāda, Vaibhāṣika, Sautrāntika, and Madhyamaka.
Vācaspati Miśra
Authors: Ruzsa Ferenc
Published: August 2021

Vācaspati Miśra was an extremely versatile and influential Indian philosopher in the tenth century
ce
. As a follower of Advaita Vedānta, he wrote commentaries on the fundamental works of the two great masters of this tradition, Śaṅkarā and Maṇḍana Miśra. He also contributed to most of the orthodox (or Brahmanical) philosophical schools of Hinduism: he wrote on Mīmāṃsā and grammatical theory (in particular, on the holistic
sphoṭa
theory of meaning), and his commentaries on Nyāya, Sāṃkhya, and Yoga are all considered authoritative in these traditions. One of the two subschools of Śaṅkara's Advaita tradition follows and is named after Vācaspati's
Bhāmatī
(“Bright”), itself a commentary on Śaṅkara's
Brahmasūtrabhāṣya
(“Commentary on the aphorisms on
brahman
”).
Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta
Authors: Freschi Elisa
Published: August 2021

Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta is the name given to one of the “Vedānta” schools, which is to say, one of the schools that accepts the authority of the Upaniṣads, as well as the
Brahmasūtra
and the
Bhagavadgītā
. One of this school's principal characteristics is its conception of the supreme reality (typically referred to in the Upaniṣads as
brahman
) as both the material cause of the world, and in personally theistic terms. The school especially flourished in the second millennium
ce
, predominantly in South India; its corpus includes not only the aforementioned texts, but also includes Tamil devotional texts.
Voltaire
Authors: Israel Jonathan
Published: August 2021

From the publication in 1734 of his
Letters on the English
(or
Lettres philosophiques
as this text is usually known in French), a work based on his experiences in England during the years 1726–1729, François‐Marie‐Arouet de Voltaire (1694–1778) was the most renowned and generally most outstanding “deist,” champion of toleration, and generally towering figure of the moderate, mainstream Enlightenment. He was prominent to an unprecedented degree throughout the rest of his life in the intellectual life of every European country and European colonies overseas on account of the brilliance of his writing and his wit, his aggressively critical attitude towards belief and tradition, his insistence on “reason” and hostility to what he called “superstition,” as well as irreverence towards churchmen of every description.
Weil, Simone
Authors: Plant Stephen J.
Published: August 2021

Simone Weil (1909–1943) was a French writer and political activist. She worked within a Platonic framework to reflect on Christianity. She was concerned with the impersonal and contradictory nature of truth, the purifying role of atheism, the pitiless necessity of creation, the experience of human affliction, and above all the love of and for God.
Hamann, Johann Georg
Authors: Griffith‐Dickson Gwen
Published: August 2021

Johann Georg Hamann (1730–1788) of Prussia was one of the most widely read authors of the late German Enlightenment, and was a profound influence on figures such as Herder, Goethe, Hegel, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche and the Storm and Stress and Romantic movements, as well as a friend, interlocutor, and critic of Immanuel Kant. His notoriously difficult writings contained many insights contrary to the assumptions of the Enlightenment, privileging experience, poetry, and relationship over logic and reason when considering the philosophy of the human person and its relationship to God. Themes in Hamann's work which proved influential were language, the critique of reason, a restrained view of human knowledge, and sexuality.
Jankélévitch, Vladimir
Authors: Kelley Andrew
Published: August 2021

Vladimir Jankélévitch (1903–1985), a philosopher who taught at the Sorbonne, was a singular voice in postwar French philosophy. Although not religious himself, he employed religious terminology and concepts to convey his metaphysical ethics, or, perhaps one could call it an ethical metaphysics. At the heart of this philosophical endeavor are the concepts of the “wholly other,” love, and grace. His account of forgiveness has served as benchmark piece for other recent philosophers, both inside and outside of France, who write on the subject.
Zhuangzi
Authors: Ziporyn Brook
Published: August 2021

The ancient text of theZhuangziis analyzed as containing three importantly different positions pertaining to the philosophy of religion, here named those of “the Radical Zhuangzi,” “the Conventional Zhuangzi,” and “the Cultural Zhuangzi.” Their ideas are presented in terms of three themes: (i) Heaven and Dao, (ii) Spiritual Exercises and Mystical Experience, and (iii) Mortality. The Radical Zhuangzi applies a characteristic three‐step logic deployed in all these areas: first, all identities are shown to depend on the making of distinctions; second, these distinctions are shown to be self‐undermining, suggesting a oneness of sorts beyond all distinction; and third, this oneness too is denied on the same grounds. The Radical Zhuangzi applies skeptical arguments to undermine the possibility of definite identifiability, and this is applied also to traditional notions of Heaven and Dao. But this eschewal of all metaphysical commitments, either for the existence or nonexistence of a divine agent or guiding principle of the world or a true self, is employed as an apophatic praxis that leads to ecstatic states of enhanced sensitivity to the transformation between identities. This free transformation between identities is also deployed to undermine commonsense fears of death. The Conventional Zhuangzi focuses instead on the elimination of distinctions and the elevation of an originary oneness, identified with Heaven, Dao, orqi(vital energy), and present in individual beings as their innate endowment, virtuosity, or nature. The apophatic techniques can also be applied within this model, leading also to attunement with universal transformation, enhanced technical skills, return to simple lifestyles, and reconciliation with death. The Cultural Zhuangzi is simply a name for the combination and reconciliation of these two different positions, the Zhuangzi who was believed for two millennia to be the author of all the parts of the 33‐chapterZhuangzi.
Wear Behavior of AlSi10Mg Alloy Produced by Laser‐Based Powder Bed Fusion and Gravity Casting
Authors: Tonolini Pietro , Montesano Lorenzo , Tocci Marialaura , Pola Annalisa , Gelfi Marcello
Published: August 2021

Herein, the sliding wear behavior of AlSi10Mg samples realized using laser‐based powder bed fusion (LPBF) is investigated via pin‐on‐disc (PoD) tests, before and after T6 heat treatment. The changes in the microstructure, density, and hardness induced by heat treatment are correlated with the tribological behavior of the alloy. Furthermore, short wear tests are conducted and the resulting wear tracks are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), equipped with an energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) microprobe to elucidate how the wear mechanisms evolve with sliding distance. For comparison, gravity cast (GC) AlSi10Mg samples are also characterized and tested. The as‐built additive manufacturing (AM) sample exhibits the lowest wear rate and coefficient of friction because of its high hardness and relative density, whereas the heat‐treated sample shows the worst behavior in comparison with the GC samples. The results suggest a significant influence of porosity on the wear behavior of AM alloys.
Current Development on Origami/Kirigami‐Inspired Structure of Creased Patterns toward Robotics
Authors: Ai Chao , Chen Yuting , Xu Linghui , Li Hong , Liu Chen , Shang Fangfang , Xia Qingchao , Zhang Sheng
Published: August 2021

Origami/kirigami, the ancient art of paper folding and cutting techniques, has provided considerable inspiration for structural design routes in the engineering and medical fields over the last few decades. The practicability of the methods and concepts of origami/kirigami has been demonstrated in several emerging classes of technologies, e.g., stretchable electronics, deformable devices, self‐assembly fabrication, etc. More and more related products are produced pursuing a folding form for better storage, deformation capacity, and multifunction realization. Herein, the innovative creased patterns of origami/kirigami designs are distinguished and discussed, and the four most widely used creased pattern types are introduced, which may potentially provide origami/kirigami related inspiration and additional solutions toward many research fields.
Modeling of Complex Gray Cast Iron Open‐Cell Foams Revealing Insights on Failure and Deformation on Different Hierarchical Length‐Scales
Authors: Kaya Ali Can , Zaslansky Paul , Fleck Claudia
Published: August 2021

Open‐cell gray cast iron foams are a class of porous materials of increasing interest, with great potential to be used in energy damping applications and for sound isolation. We created finite element (FE) models from 3D reconstructed data of foams and of isolated struts imaged with resolutions spanning from 0.65 to 10.5 μm. Representative volume elements (RVE) are loaded in tension to simulate and analyze foam mechanical behavior. A ductile damage model is used for tensile testing of single struts and compression testing of foams. RVEs loaded along three axes demonstrate important effects of orientation of graphite particles in the microstructure. Only simulation results that take failure into consideration are consistent with experimental findings. Strut fracture initiation strongly depends on the cross‐sectional area and its circularity and foam simulation results are heavily influenced by damage modeling. The complexity of the open‐cell foam behavior is revealed at several hierarchical levels. Simulations in which material properties are assigned excluding damage overestimate the experimental results of the foam; conversely, a very good agreement is observed if damage is considered. The models exhibiting anisotropic mechanical properties fully reproducing large fluctuations in the mechanical properties of the struts are observed in in situ experiments.
Effects of Heating Power on Microstructure Evolution and Tensile Properties at Elevated Temperature by Directional Solidification for Ti2AlC/TiAl Composites
Authors: Fang Hongze , Wang Shu , Chen Ruirun , Xu Qin , Su Yanqing , Yan Yongda , Guo Jingjie
Published: August 2021

To improve the directionally solidified microstructure and tensile properties at elevated temperature, Ti46Al4Nb1C0.8Ta ingots are directional solidified by electromagnetic cold crucible with different heating powers. The microstructure is observed and characterized, tensile properties are tested, and related mechanisms are revealed. Results show that a relatively planar liquid–solid interface is formed under the low heating power (39 kW), which promoted formation of columnar crystals. When the heating power increases from 39 to 48 kW, degree of dent (H1) increases from 8.5 to 18.1 mm and influence length of the initial transition area (H2) increases from 4.3 to 28.6 mm. The formation of a concave liquid–solid interface is due to the high heating power increasing the temperature gradient. High heating power increases the electromagnetic stirring ability, which increases the time to reach stable growth. Tensile properties of the directionally solidified alloy are higher than those of the as‐cast alloy under the same testing temperature, e.g., the tensile strength is 342.5 MPa, an increase of 1.4 times, and the tensile strain is 4.4%, an increase of 1.3 times at 950 °C. This shows that the tensile properties and microstructure of TiAl‐based composites can be improved by the directional solidification technology.