bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequential Pattern Mining of Tourist Spatiotemporal Movement
Authors:   Holy Name University, Tagbilaran City, Philippines, Abucejo Maria Isabel , Cuizon Jovelyn ,   University of San Jose - Recoletos, Cebu City, Philippines
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to develop a software application to capture tourist activity information, extract movement patterns from the dataset through sequential pattern mining (SPM), and visualize spatiotemporal movement. Tourist activity information was captured through crowdsourced trajectory movements by scanning unique QR (Quick Response) codes for each visited tourist spots. The AprioriAll algorithm was used to find frequent trajectory patterns on tourist visits. The resulting maximal k-sequences and their subsequences represent the recommended trip itinerary. The spatial and temporal movements were visualized through a flow map and a heat map, respectively. The directed edges in the flow map show the recommended sequence of tourist sites to visit. The heat map shows the density of tourist visits in different areas at time intervals. The application was validated with selected tour planning experts to verify functional suitability, usability, and acceptability. Experimental results show positive indicators that the application met the users’ expectations.
Mortality Analysis of Early COVID-19 Cases in the Philippines Based on Observed Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
Authors:   University of Southeastern Philippines, Davao City, Philippines, Ceballos Roel
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 cases that are highly susceptible to COVID-19 infection, with longer hospitalization and at higher risk of mortality and to provide insights that may be useful to assess the vaccination priority program and allocate hospital resources. Methods that were used include descriptive statistics, nonparametric analysis, and survival analysis. Results of the study reveal that women are more susceptible to infection while men are at risk of longer hospitalization and higher mortality. Significant risk factors to COVID-19 mortality are older age, male sex, difficulty breathing, and comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes. Patients with these combined symptoms should be considered for admission to the COVID-19 facility for proper management and care. Also, there is a significant delay in the testing and diagnosis of those who died, implying that timeliness in the testing and diagnosis of patients is crucial in patient survival.
The Philippine K to 12 Junior Science Program in Thematic Instruction
Authors:   Philippine Normal University-Manila, Philippines, Montebon Darryl Roy , Orleans Antriman ,   Philippine Normal University-Manila, Philippines
Published: June 2021

The present study describes the attempt to achieve the competencies of the Philippine K to 12 Science Program through thematic instruction. It seeks to address the challenges encountered by science teachers with the current curriculum design. The researchers used a thematic instructional model in giving classroom instruction. Two sets of pre-service teachers, taking part as facilitators and as observers, were purposely chosen in the study. The researchers used convergent mixed methods design in analysing the pre-service teachers' experience and observations in teaching through thematic instruction. Results revealed that the thematic instruction implemented in the study has the potential to address the challenges of the current K to 12 science curriculum in terms of design, lesson content, and implementation. Consequently, the results suggest that the thematic instruction design in the study can be used to help achieve the desired outcomes of the K to 12 Science Curriculum.
Factors Affecting Teachers' Resiliency Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Biliran Province State University, Biliran, Philippines, Lagat Kevin
Published: June 2021

Despite the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers continue to navigate the new normal in education which demonstrate their resilience. This descriptive correlational study determined the level of optimism, job stress, and emotional exhaustion of 150 teachers amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, and it analyzed the relationship among these three variables. The data were analyzed using weighted mean, standard deviation, and Pearson r. Results revealed resiliency among teachers amidst the pandemic with a high level of optimism and a relatively low COVID-19 induced job stress and emotional exhaustion level. This study has also shown that optimism is not correlated with job stress and emotional exhaustion, but it found out significant relationship between the last two variables. Generally, it can be concluded that teachers are highly optimistic amidst the pandemic. This paper also validates earlier claims that lower levels of job stress contribute to lower incidents of emotional exhaustion.
Extended Technology Acceptance Model to Examine the Use of Google Forms – based Lesson Playlist in Online Distance Learning
Authors:   De La Salle Santiago Zobel School - Vermosa Campus, Imus City, Philippines, Ferran Fritz
Published: June 2021

Shifting to online distance learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic challenged educators' roles as instructional materials designers. This study aimed to examine the students' acceptance of the teacher-designed e-learning tool called Google Forms-based Lesson Playlist (GF-LP) in a home-based online distance learning environment. This quantitative research analyzed 570 responses from Grades 11 and 12 students at a private school in the Philippines using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling. Results showed that perceived self-efficacy and system quality strongly affect the users' perceived ease of use while perceived ease of use highly influenced the students' perceived usefulness of GF-LP. Facilitating conditions do not affect the users' attitudes towards using the e-learning tool, which confirmed the effective utilization of GF-LP in online distance learning. The relationships between the original constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) were also presented. This study recommends the use of GF-LP or its features for remote learning.
Serviço de logística na microrregião de Ituiutaba-MG
Authors: Franco de Assis Junior Samuel , Gomes de Souza Kamyr , Maia Leonardo , De Oliveira Neto Odilon José
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção dos varejistas supermercadistas em relação ao nível de serviço logístico ofertado pelos fornecedores de bebidas na microrregião de Ituiutaba-MG. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado a fim de analisar componentes tangíveis, formas de atendimento e ações de informação. A pesquisa revelou a necessidade de revisão das políticas de prestação de serviços, pois a maioria dos atributos pesquisados receberam notas médias abaixo do desempenho esperado. Nenhum fornecedor obteve destaque efetivo na avaliação dos clientes varejistas supermercadistas. A dimensão Componentes Tangíveis recebeu avaliação significativamente superior que as demais para todos os fornecedores.
El reto de la permanencia de los estudiantes en la educación media superior
Authors: Padilla González Laura Elena
Published: June 2021

Este artículo se centra en uno de los retos que tiene la educación media superior al ser declarada obligatoria en el año 2012. En primer lugar, fundamenta la importancia que tiene para los jóvenes permanecer en este tipo educativo y destaca el papel que los docentes desempeñan para ello, de manera particular durante el primer año del bachillerato. En seguida, presenta indicadores importantes como la cobertura y el abandono escolar, que permiten apreciar la magnitud del fenómeno. Describe de manera breve las estrategias de política pública que se han planteado para enfrentar este reto, destacando las directrices para mejorar la permanencia. Finalmente, se concluye con una reflexión sobre las características del modelo educativo y del docente que contribuyen a contrarrestar el abandono escolar.
El clima del aula como factor de eficacia escolar desde el trabajo del profesor de bachillerato
Authors: Ramón Mac Cristóbal Crescencio , Peniche Cetzal Rubí Surema , Mora Osuna Noe
Published: June 2021

Con el propósito de conocer lo necesario para lograr una formación integral en los estudiantes, se han desarrollado proyectos e investigaciones enfocados en identificar los factores más importantes para este cometido. Como hallazgo principal está lo que sucede en el salón de clases como factor de mayor impacto, esto a partir del binomio interactivo docente-estudiante. Por ello, el clima del aula que afecta principalmente a las cuestiones socioafectivas del estudiante es un tema importante por tratar. En México, en el nivel medio superior se han implementado acciones derivadas de los resultados de investigaciones con el propósito de asegurar eficazmente la formación integral de los estudiantes. “Construye T” es una propuesta del sistema educativo mexicano para el desarrollo personal y social de los educandos, con el fin de ayudar a fortalecer los aspectos socioafectivos.
Mix de recursos para el manejo de problématicas adolescentes
Authors: Ibarra López Norma , Torres Guzmán Lorena Lizbeth
Published: June 2021

El docente en su práctica requiere ir más allá del aula y de un programa de estudios; es necesario que conozca las problemáticas a las que se enfrentan sus estudiantes para enfocar de manera efectiva la enseñanza. El presente artículo muestra la recomendación de algunos libros y una serie de televisión que pueden ser consultados por el profesor, con el fin de analizar dichas problemáticas y promover nuevas estrategias en su docencia para abarcarlas.
Trayectorias universitarias
Authors: Formación y Actualización Académica Departamento
Published: June 2021

A través de este espacio, el Departamento de Formación y Actualización Académica (DEFAA), adscrito a la Dirección General de Docencia de Pregrado de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (UAA), presenta una breve semblanza sobre la trayectoria en la formación docente de la maestra María Jiménez Gómez Loza, profesora jubilada del Departamento de Psicología e integrante del Equipo Coordinador de la entonces Coordinación de Formación Académica de Profesores y de la Unidad de Formación Académica de Profesores, antecedentes del DEFAA.
Visión de la comunidad estudiantil del bachillerato en Villa Hidalgo, Jalisco
Authors: Barrera Chávez Hugo , Atilano Calvillo Humberto , Moreno Saucedo Felipe de Jesús , Sandoval Picazo Melissa Sarahí
Published: June 2021

La visión de los jóvenes de bachillerato necesita ser percibida desde el entorno en el que se desarrollan, de esta manera se podrían plantear estrategias de intervención que les permitan egresar del nivel medio superior. Por lo tanto, se necesitan conocer los factores contextuales que influyen para que los alumnos de bachillerato en el municipio de Villa Hidalgo, Jalisco, tomen una decisión sobre seguir en su trayectoria académica. Para tal finalidad, se realizó un estudio que se aplicó a un total de 120 alumnos de sexto semestre, pertenecientes a la Preparatoria Regional Lagos de Moreno, módulo Villa Hidalgo, para comprender las principales motivaciones y aspectos socioculturales, por los que determinan continuar estudiando o no. El 73% de los jóvenes mencionaron que sí desean ingresar a la universidad, 72.89% señala que la razón principal para no continuar es la escasez de recursos económicos, además del apoyo brindado por las familias.
Functional risk assessment as part of the validation in the implementation of chromatography data system
Authors: Ivanoska Mena , Babunovska Hristina , Petkovska Rumenka
Published: June 2021

A Chromatography Data System (CDS) is a complex software that can be configured to the specific needs of the user’s business process. As such it falls into the Good Automated Manufacturing Practice (GAMP) 5 Category 4 – Configured Products. The validation process is planned and follows along the phases proposed by GAMP 5 for configured products.
The Risk assessment stage of the CDS validation process is to carry out a risk assessment of each function of the User Requirements Specification (URS) determined on if the function is regulatory risk critical or not. The functional risk assessment is made according to the method- Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA).
The Overall Risk resulting from the Risk Assessment has identified all potential failures requiring mitigating actions/controls. Mitigating actions and testing controls during the PQ phase is implemented.
The final Overall Risk after implementation of Mitigating actions and testing controls during the PQ phase is not more than Medium.

Keywords: chromatography data system, validation of the CDS Software, risk assessment, laboratory data integrity
GC-MS analysis of the essential oil, aroma components and n-hexane extract of St. John Wort (Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae)
Authors: Shabani Arijeta , Karapandzova Marija , Cvetkovikj Karanfilova Ivana , Stefkov Gjose , Kulevanova Svetlana
Published: June 2021

St. John Wort (Hypercum perforatum L., Hypericaceae) has been used as a medicinal plant for a long period of time as this plant is characterized by a diversity of bioactive constituents which possess well documented pharmacological activities including antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anti-tumoral activity. Nowadays, special interest is put on its essential oil as some experimental studies showed great biological and pharmacological potential. According this, the main goal of this study was GC/MS analysis of the essential oil, aroma components as well as n-hexane extracts of Hypericum perforatum that grows in Western region in R. Macedonia. GC/FID/MS analyses of the isolated essential oils from leaf, flower and herb resulted in the identification of 84 compounds. The fraction of sesquiterpenes was dominated in all examined oils and the main constituents were germacrene D (17.77-39.03%), E-caryophyllene (11.37-25.71%) and β-selinene (0.69-4.77%). GC/HS/MS analyses of the aroma components resulted in the identification of 23 compounds. Among them, isononane was identified as main aroma component (up to 75%). GC/FID/MS analyses of the n-hexane extracts resulted in the identification of 60 compounds which were characterized by the presence of terpenoid (mono- and sesquiterpene) components and non-terpenoid constituents mainly consisted of hydrocarbons and their oxygenate derivatives and related components. The non-terpenoid fraction represented the largest part of the analysed extracts. The most abundant were nonacosane (15.45-49.28%), octacosane (1.33-40.05%) and pentacosane (1.68-9.04%).
The aerial parts of H. perforatum collected from Western part of R. Macedonia could be considered as a good source of essential oil with specific chemical profile as well as aroma components and high lipophilic compounds, but further investigation should be done in accordance to their possible commercial or medicinal use.

Keywords: Hypericum perforatum, essential oil, aroma components, n-hexane extract, GC-MS
Cost-effectiveness of LMWHs versus UFH for the prevention of postsurgical venous thromboembolism at orthopedic department in Clinical Hospital Stip
Authors: Lazarova Biljana , Kapedanovska Nestorovska Aleksandra , Sterjev Zoran , Suturkova Ljubica
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis with LMWHs vs UFH in the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after orthopedic surgery from the perspective of the Clinical hospital in Stip. A model was developed that included both acute VTE (represented as a decision tree) and long-term complications (represented as a Markov process with one-year cycles). Transition probabilities were derived from phase III clinical trials comparing LMWHs with UFH and published literature. Unit costs were taken from the official, publically available hospital and health care insurance data and included direct drug costs for VTE (DVT and PE) prophylaxis (UFH/10000 IU and LMWHs/4000 IU) and hospitalization costs (hospital full board, disposables, medical services, concomitant therapy, healthcare professional time). Costs are reported in Macedonian Denars (MKD). When LMWHs and UFH are compared in orthopedic patients, LMWHs dominates UFH and are associated with improved health outcomes, measured by increased quality-adjusted life years (QALYs; 0.05) and with lower cost (savings of 20438.96 MKD) per patient. LMWHs are a cost-saving alternative to UFH for VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Over a one-year horizon, LMWHs dominated UFH in the prevention of VTE events in patients undergoing surgery, providing more quality-of-life benefit at a lower cost. Keywords: anticoagulants, surgery, thrombosis
Root anatomy and apical canal morphology of maxillary first premolars
Authors: Kacarska Marina , Zivadinovic Julija
Published: June 2021

Understanding the root anatomy and apical canal morphology of maxillary premolars is a key prerequisite for successful surgical and endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the root anatomy and apical canal morphology of maxillary first premolars. To achieve the set task, 30 maxillary first premolars were extracted. After thorough rinse visual assessment of root anatomy was made. Each root was transversally sectioned six millimeters from apex with a straight hand piece. The apical samples were decalcificated in 7.5% trichloroacetic acid, transversal sections were made, stored in 10% formalin then dyed in hematoxylin and eosin and numerated from I to VI. Apical canal morphology was evaluated with an optical microscope. Majority of maxillary first premolars had double roots (63.0%; n=19) that were mostly separated (50.0%; n=15) containing a single root canal. Minority had double roots that were fused (13.0%; n=4) with two root canals. Single root with almost equal occurrence of two, as well as variable root canal configuration were found in (30.0%; n=9). A very rare occurrence of maxillary first premolars with three roots (7.0%; n=2) was detected, two vestibular and one palatal, each containing a single canal configuration. Accessory lateral canals were detected in 20% of maxillary first premolars. Transversal communications were detected in maxillary premolars with one root and double fused roots (26.6%; n=8). A single apical foramen was detected in majority of maxillary first premolars (50.0%; n=15). Two apical foramina were detected in (33.4%; n=10), three in (10.0%; n=3) and four in (6.6%; n=2) maxillary premolars. Keywords: maxillary first premolar, root anatomy, apical canal morphology, decalcification, optical microscopy
O impacto da pandemia do COVID-19 na gestão financeira das micro e pequenas empresas do setor varejista de Cláudio-MG
Authors: Salomé Fernanda Franciele  Sousa , Sousa Raímme Mayra do Nascimento , Sousa Raquel Elaine Amaral de , Silva Valdilene Gonçalves Machado
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o impacto da pandemia do COVID-19 na gestão financeira das micro e pequenas empresas do setor varejista de Cláudio-MG. Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa, através de um estudo de caso das micro e pequenas empresas do setor varejista que fizeram parte da campanha “Comércio Consciente contra a COVID-19”, em Cláudio-MG. As informações foram coletadas através de questionário utilizando-se o aplicativo google formulários. Identificou-se que a maioria das empresas eram preponderantemente do ramo de vestuário e atuavam no mercado entre dois e cinco anos. A gestão financeira era realizada pelos próprios empreendedores, em sua maioria do gênero feminino, atuavam na área financeira de um a cinco anos, possuíam ensino médio completo e não tinham formação na área financeira, porém, durante a pandemia alguns buscaram capacitação na área. Antes da pandemia a maior parte da amostra estava com o faturamento em crescimento, conseguiam pagar suas contas em dia e não era da prática diária das empresas a utilização sistemática de ferramentas de gestão financeira. Sendo que, as mais utilizadas eram o controle de fluxo de caixa, o controle de contas a pagar e receber, o controle de custos, o controle de estoque e realizavam vendas pelo cartão de crédito. Com a crise ocasionada pela pandemia o faturamento diminuiu e começaram a ter mais dificuldade de manter os pagamentos em dia. Uma parte delas teve aumento dos custos com pessoal, impostos, energia elétrica, entre outros.  Continuaram utilizando as mesmas ferramentas empregadas antes da pandemia, porém mais empresas passaram a aplicar as mesmas. A análise da necessidade de capital de giro, que era pouco usada passou a ser utilizada pelas organizações. Portanto, os principais impactos ocasionados pela crise decorrente da pandemia sobre a maioria das empresas foram negativos, entre eles estão a queda do faturamento; a mudança na forma de funcionamento da empresa; o aumento dos gastos, principalmente com pessoal, energia elétrica, água e impostos; a demissão ou afastamento de funcionários, redução da jornada de trabalho e suspensão do contrato de trabalho; entre outros. Porém, algumas tiveram impacto positivo, considerando que houve aumento do faturamento.
A coleta de resíduos orgânicos domésticos para o controle de doenças sinantrópicas transmitidas por vetores no município de Ipixuna do Pará, nordeste paraense
Authors: Gonçalves Andreia Fernandes , Cristo Jaqueline Prestes de , Pereira Junior Antonio
Published: June 2021

A coleta de resíduos orgânicos é importante para garantir o bem-estar da comunidade, quando esse serviço não ocorre ou são feitos de forma inadequada, desencadeiam uma série de problemas à população e ao meio ambiente. O objetivo dessa pesquisa a realização de uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa acerca da influência do lixo na proliferação de vetores causadores de patologias que agravam a saúde pública. Para isso, empregou-se o método comparativo, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Os dados primários foram obtidos in sito. Para obtenção dos dados secundários fez-se um levantamento dos dados documentais em links de acesso livre como o portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Pesquisa do Ensino Superior (CAPES) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), e limitou-se o recorte temporal entre 2008 e 2020. Os dados obtidos e analisados indicaram que: (1) a coleta do lixo é eficiente quando se trata de um bairro próximo a grandes pontos comerciais, porém nos bairros periféricos esses serviços são precários; (2) ocorre o acúmulo de lixo em locais inadequados e influencia consideravelmente no aparecimento de vetores. Conclui-se que existe a falta de sensibilização da população, com relação ao lixo, já que muitos moradores mesmo tendo a coleta de segunda a sexta, promovem disposição final do lixo em locais inapropriados; outro fato é a embalagem inadequada, ou seja, em sacolas plásticas, quando disposto à coleta municipal, o que facilmente pode ser rasgadas por animais e, com isso, atraem vetores com mais facilidade, o que incrementa a disseminação de doenças na comunidade.
Enterobactérias produtoras de ESBL isoladas de uroculturas de pacientes ambulatoriais
Authors: Souza Geziella Aurea Aparecida Damasceno , Prince Karina Andrade de , Xavier Lorena Aguilar , Oliveira Denise Cardoso , Alves Daniella Mendes , Paula Flávia Mendes Tourinho de , Cardoso Juliana Beatriz Lima , Costa Marina Ramos , Garcia Lúcia Maria , Santo Luçandra Ramos Espirito
Published: June 2021

O mecanismo de resistência por produção de betalactamases de espectro ampliado (ESBL) vem sendo cada vez mais frequente em saúde pública, tanto no ambiente hospitalar como na comunidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os casos ocorridos de ESBL em enterobactérias isoladas de uroculturas de pacientes ambulatoriais. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo de delineamento transversal, do tipo documental retrospectivo. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos registros de uroculturas de pacientes comunitários atendidos em um Laboratório de Análises da rede privada, localizado em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, no período de outubro de 2016 a setembro de 2017. Foram analisados 6.248 registros de uroculturas, sendo 15,7% (n=984) positivas. Dentre as positivas, 79,4% (n=781) eram enterobactérias e 4,5% dessas (n=35) produtoras de ESBL. Entre os produtores de ESBL, as espécies mais prevalentes foram Escherichia coli (68,6%/n=24), e Klebsiella pneumoniae (25,7%/n=9). Analisando o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos dos ESBL, verifica-se que 100% são resistentes a todas as cefalosporinas. Observou-se também um percentual significativo de cepas resistentes a antibióticos com inibidores de betalactamases (31,4%), a quinolonas (71,4%) e a sulfametoxazol/timetoprima (71,4%). Os isolados de Klebsiella pneumoniae apresentaram uma relação significativa com 3, 76 maior chance (p<0,0008) de serem produtores de ESBL. Este estudo mostra a resistência bacteriana quanto a produção de ESBL presente em patógenos comunitários, fora do ambiente hospitalar.
Uma proposta de aula prática para facilitar o ensino de Bioquímica: Identificando a ação proteolítica de frutas tropicais e do amaciante de carne
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago Maretti
Published: June 2021

A Bioquímica é uma vertente da Biologia fascinante que possui como principal objetivo o estudo da química da vida. No entanto, no Ensino Médio ela é encarada por muitos alunos como uma área complexa e abstrata. Para        superarmos tais obstáculos, o objetivo do presente trabalho é a proposta de uma atividade metodológica prática com o intuito de facilitar e instigar a aprendizagem dos alunos dentro da disciplina de Biologia no Ensino Médio. Nesse sentido, é utilizado materiais simples e de baixo custo, na abordagem da identificação proteolítica de proteínas com o uso de sucos de frutas tropicais como o abacaxi, mamão, kiwi e o amaciante de carnes em pó, na degradação da gelatina e de fibras da carne de boi. Por ser uma atividade que não demanda a existência de um laboratório físico, os próprios alunos podem replicá-la em suas próprias casas, sendo altamente recomendada nos dias de hoje, em que as aulas estão seguindo um modelo virtual, em detrimento ao novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2). Assim, acreditamos que a proposta metodológica experimental, possa facilitar a aprendizagem dos alunos no tema proposto, despertando o seu lado científico, promovendo a discussão e a problematização de hipóteses na realização do experimento. Por fim, com essa atividade prática, o professor pode trabalhar com os discentes, outros assuntos da Biologia como a Botânica e até mesmo a Fisiologia Animal do sistema digestório.
Avaliação Escolar na Educação Especial: Um mapeamento na Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial no período de (2006-2020)
Authors: Freitas Thayane Nascimento , Araújo Nádia Fernanda Martins de , Sousa Deborah Lauriane da Silva , Medeiros Aline Mendes , Araújo Júnior Maurício Amorim de , Silva Izabel Rodrigues da , Araújo Tarcísio Welvis Gomes de , Silva Rafael Soares
Published: June 2021

A avaliação caracteriza-se como um instrumento capaz de definir as condições de aprendizagem do aluno e sua relação com o ensino. Assim, a avaliação da aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência deve ter a mesma função que tem para os demais alunos: sendo formativa, processual, mediadora, investigativa e inerente ao processo pedagógico. Desta forma, elencamos como objetivo geral: Analisar os tipos de concepções existentes sobre avaliação escolar nas pesquisas submetidas na Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial. Para isso definimos os seguintes objetivos específicos: identificar como os pesquisadores percebem a avaliação escolar na educação especial e os paradigmas educacionais predominantes; caracterizar o tipo de avaliação escolar presente nas escritas dos pesquisadores no período de 2006-2020 e compreender como estão sendo desenvolvidas as pesquisas sobre a avaliação escolar para o público-alvo da Educação Especial na perspectiva inclusiva. Esta pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa, e de natureza metodológica exploratória e bibliográfica. O interstício selecionado para o Estado da Arte refere-se ao ano de 2006 a 2020, a justificativa deve-se a ser um período em que estão disponíveis na biblioteca virtual Scielo todos os números publicados. Neste intervalo de quinze anos foram lançadas 61 edições, e estas tornaram nosso corpus de análise. Foram identificadas 594 pesquisas que versavam sobre educação especial num contexto geral, ao refirmamos as buscas sobre a avaliação na educação especial delimitamos o nosso corpus de pesquisa com um catálogo de 26 pesquisas. Percebemos a preferência em avaliações que não contemplam o âmbito escolar, apenas instrumental.
Tempo letal e período residual de inseticidas a ninfas e adultos do percevejo marrom da soja (Euschistus heros) (Fabricius, 1794) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Rossini Larissa Alves de Castro Jocarelli , Santos Abraao Almeida , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho
Published: June 2021

O percevejo marrom (Euschistus heros) é considerado a principal espécie praga da soja no Brasil, com ampla distribuição geográfica predominando nas regiões Centro-Oeste e norte do Paraná. Além disso, esta praga apresenta tolerância aos inseticidas químicos utilizados para o seu controle. Deste modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o tempo letal e o período residual de inseticidas em ninfas e adultos do percevejo-marrom. Foram utilizados os inseticidas lambda-cialotrina + tiametoxam, imidacloprido, imidacloprido + bifentrina, bifentrina e acefato, e em sequência submetidos as ninfas e os adultos de percevejo marrom a alimentação foram submetidos aos inseticidas acima para determinação do tempo letal e período residual dos produtos. Os inseticidas Imidacloprido + Bifentrina e Lambda-cialotrina + Tiametoxam são mais eficientes para o controle de ninfas e adultos de E. heros por apresentarem menor tempo letal e maior período residual.
Risco de doenças cardiovasculares com perfil intestinal influenciado pela deficiência de vitamina D
Authors: Souza Andressa Araujo de , Veras Marcileide da Silva , Pantoja Mayra Tereza Aguiar , Ferreira José Carlos de Sales
Published: June 2021

Introdução: as DCNT’s retratam um grande e importante problema de saúde pública em todos os países, dentre essas doenças estão as cardiovasculares (DCV), responsáveis por uma grande taxa de mortalidade mundialmente. Objetivo: Deste modo, o presente estudo tem como finalidade descrever achados da literatura que estabeleçam a relação entre a deficiência de vitamina D, com o desiquilíbrio da microbiota e o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter narrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada em sites como Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed (Banco de Dados de Publicações Médicas) e Google Acadêmico nos idiomas português e inglês. Foram incluídos artigos, teses, monografias e sites que apresentavam conteúdos e títulos que se enquadraram no tema estudado e no período de tempo de 2011 a 2021, na língua portuguesa ou de demais línguas como a inglesa, e excluídos aqueles que não se enquadravam nesses critérios. Resultados e discursões: Existem indícios da participação da vitamina D na homeostase do sistema cardiovascular por mediação da regulação microbiota e do estado inflamatório. Conclusão: Mesmo com os estudos atuais ainda são necessários mais estudos e pesquisas que avaliem tal relação de maneira que esclareça os processos envolvendo a vitamina D, microbiota e sistema cardiovascular e seus respectivos papéis no risco cardiovascular aumentado, para que se possa estabelecer não apenas futuras linhas de tratamento, mas também meios de prevenção.
COVID-19 and Mental health in School-Aged Children and Young People: Thinking ahead while preparing the return to school and to life “as usual”
Authors: Gaspar de Matos Margarida , Wainwright Tony
Published: June 2021

From December 2019 onwards, the COVID-19 pandemic brought with it several health, social and economic issues, particularly associated with home confinement measures, lockdown, and fear of being infected or otherwise affected by the virus, or even die. As with everybody else, children and young people are experiencing a new reality. The question is how well, and how long will it take for recovery. Furthermore, what is the likely affective, social, academic and economic cost for this recovery. There are at least four psychosocial scenarios that must be separately analysed: children and young people with previous mental ill health that may be left unattended by health services; those who may have a first episode of mental ill health during home confinement and had no health care; those with psychosocial vulnerabilities that may be left under-monitored and exposed to undermining circumstances, and finally those that have faced a huge change in their routines and may have formed a relatively stable pessimistic outlook that affects their wellbeing. Social isolation and quarantine have precipitated a decrease in wellbeing and an increase in mental health problems and psychosocial vulnerabilities, plus a lowering of general capacity for health, education and social security care. Confined children and young people are separated from their usual social support, deprived of the personal freedom that they are used to, and see a comprehensive change in the usual life routine and lifestyle with an enormous change in physical, social, affective and even digital environments. All children and young people are in need of a monitoring system and of arrangements to promote social participation and engagement, that runs at the same time as their return to school. Mitigating negative mental health effects requires a concerted effort from the general population, policy makers, education and healthcare professionals. Moreover, international health and educational organisations have advised governments that this action would benefit by being proactive: meaning there is an urgent need to get ready immediately – being ready for the “day after”, thinking ahead and being able to put together in the field and on time, an adequate nation-wide, participatory, multidisciplinary, mental health related set of interventions.
Benthic oxygen fluxes in a coastal upwelling system (Ria de Vigo, NW Iberia) measured by aquatic eddy covariance
Authors: Amo-Seco M , Castro CG , Villacieros-Robineau N , Alonso-Pérez F , Graña R , Rosón G , Berg P
Published: June 2021

Organic carbon mineralization and nutrient cycling in benthic environments are critically important for their biogeochemical functioning, but are poorly understood in coastal upwelling systems. The main objective of this study was to determine benthic oxygen fluxes in a muddy sediment in the Ria de Vigo (NW Iberian coastal upwelling), by applying the aquatic eddy covariance (AEC) technique during 2 campaigns in different seasons (June and October 2017). The main drivers of benthic fluxes were studied and compared among days in each season and between seasons. The 2 campaigns were characterized by an upwelling-relaxation period followed by a downwelling event, the last of which was due to the extratropical cyclone Ophelia in October. The mean (±SD) seasonal benthic oxygen fluxes were not significantly different for the 2 campaigns despite differences in hydrodynamic and biogeochemical conditions (June: -20.9 ± 7.1 mmol m-2 d-1 vs. October: -26.5 ± 3.1 mmol m-2 d-1). Benthic fluxes were controlled by different drivers depending on the season. June was characterized by sinking labile organic material, which enhanced benthic fluxes in the downwelling event, whereas October had a significantly higher bottom velocity that stimulated the benthic fluxes. Finally, a comparison with a large benthic chamber (0.50 m2) was made during October. Despite methodological differences between AEC and chamber measurements, concurrent fluxes agreed within an acceptable margin (AEC:benthic chamber ratio = 0.78 ± 0.13; mean ± SD). Bottle incubations of water sampled from the chamber interior indicated that mineralization could explain this difference. These results show the importance of using non-invasive techniques such as AEC to resolve benthic flux dynamics.
Theory of change: Bet You Can Help
Authors:   Greo
Published: June 2021

Gambling-related harms are a significant public health issue in Great Britain. These harms are often underrecognized and most people who experience harms go without support. Under the leadership of Addiction recovery Agency (Ara) and Beacon Counselling Trust (BCT), the Bet You Can Help (BYCH) programme is filling the need for place-based education and training to identify and address gambling related harms. The BYCH programme is a community first aid model for safer gambling that promotes the early identification of people who are at risk of gambling related harms. Offered as a Level 2 Qualification through the Royal Society of Public Health, this programme aims to reduce harms and prevent lives being lost from gambling related harms in Great Britain. This theory of change considers the inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes necessary to achieve these goals. It can be used by organizations, groups, and individuals in any sector impacted by gambling related harms in Great Britain.
Editorial
Authors:   College of Education, Univerity of Otago, Sexton Steven S.
Published: June 2021

Editorial Volume 28, Issue 2
The Development of Laboratory Safety Questionnaire for Middle School Science Teachers
Authors:   Vali Kadir Uysal Middle School, Aydin, Turkey, Akpullukcu Simge , Cavas Bulent ,   Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to develop a “valid and reliable laboratory safety questionnaire” which could be used to identify science teachers’ understanding about laboratory safety issues during their science laboratory activities. The questionnaire was developed from a literature review and prior instruments developed on laboratory safety issues. To address content validity, the questionnaire was examined by experts from the field of science education. The questionnaire consists of 36 Likert-type items related to chemicals, usage of glassware equipment, fire and electrical control, personal protection, biological hazards, and emergency. The study was carried out with 127 teachers who have experience in science laboratories and work in middle schools in Turkey. The instrument was found to be internally consistent with high reliability scores. Significance value shows that the data come from a multivariate normal distribution and are suitable for factor analysis. The factor analysis indicates that the items in the questionnaire accumulate around a single dimension named as safety issues. The results provide evidence that the instrument is valid for further implementation on a wider scale and in larger samples. The results of this study showed that the questionnaire has an appropriate scale to determine the middle school science teachers’ understanding toward laboratory safety issues.
Editorial
Authors:   College of Education, Univerity of Otago, Sexton Steven S.
Published: June 2021

Editorial Volume 28, Issue 3
Enlightenment of Growth Plate Regeneration Based on Cartilage Repair Theory: A Review
Authors: Wang Xianggang , Li Zuhao , Wang Chenyu , Bai Haotian , Wang Zhonghan , Liu Yuzhe , Bao Yirui , Ren Ming , Liu He , Wang Jincheng
Published: June 2021

The growth plate (GP) is a cartilaginous region situated between the epiphysis and metaphysis at the end of the immature long bone, which is susceptible to mechanical damage because of its vulnerable structure. Due to the limited regeneration ability of the GP, current clinical treatment strategies (e.g., bone bridge resection and fat engraftment) always result in bone bridge formation, which will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity, thus making satisfactory outcomes difficult to achieve. The introduction of cartilage repair theory and cartilage tissue engineering technology may encourage novel therapeutic approaches for GP repair using tissue engineered GPs, including biocompatible scaffolds incorporated with appropriate seed cells and growth factors. In this review, we summarize the physiological structure of GPs, the pathological process, and repair phases of GP injuries, placing greater emphasis on advanced tissue engineering strategies for GP repair. Furthermore, we also propose that three-dimensional printing technology will play a significant role in this field in the future given its advantage of bionic replication of complex structures. We predict that tissue engineering strategies will offer a significant alternative to the management of GP injuries.
Markers and Reporters to Reveal the Hierarchy in Heterogeneous Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Mohan Amrutha , Raj Rajan Reshma , Mohan Gayathri , Kollenchery Puthenveettil Padmaja , Maliekal Tessy Thomas
Published: June 2021

A subpopulation within cancer, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), regulates tumor initiation, chemoresistance, and metastasis. At a closer look, CSCs show functional heterogeneity and hierarchical organization. The present review is an attempt to assign marker profiles to define the functional heterogeneity and hierarchical organization of CSCs, based on a series of single-cell analyses. The evidences show that analogous to stem cell hierarchy, self-renewing Quiescent CSCs give rise to the Progenitor CSCs with limited proliferative capacity, and later to a Progenitor-like CSCs, which differentiates to Proliferating non-CSCs. Functionally, the CSCs can be tumor-initiating cells (TICs), drug-resistant CSCs, or metastasis initiating cells (MICs). Although there are certain marker profiles used to identify CSCs of different cancers, molecules like CD44, CD133, ALDH1A1, ABCG2, and pluripotency markers [Octamer binding transcriptional factor 4 (OCT4), SOX2, and NANOG] are used to mark CSCs of a wide range of cancers, ranging from hematological malignancies to solid tumors. Our analysis of the recent reports showed that a combination of these markers can demarcate the heterogeneous CSCs in solid tumors. Reporter constructs are widely used for easy identification and quantification of marker molecules. In this review, we discuss the suitability of reporters for the widely used CSC markers that can define the heterogeneous CSCs. Since the CSC-specific functions of CD44 and CD133 are regulated at the post-translational level, we do not recommend the reporters for these molecules for the detection of CSCs. A promoter-based reporter for ABCG2 may also be not relevant in CSCs, as the expression of the molecule in cancer is mainly regulated by promoter demethylation. In this context, a dual reporter consisting of one of the pluripotency markers and ALDH1A1 will be useful in marking the heterogeneous CSCs. This system can be easily adapted to high-throughput platforms to screen drugs for eliminating CSCs.
Characterizing the Invasive Tumor Front of Aggressive Uterine Adenocarcinoma and Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Sanegre Sabina , Eritja Núria , de Andrea Carlos , Diaz-Martin Juan , Diaz-Lagares Ángel , Jácome María Amalia , Salguero-Aranda Carmen , García Ros David , Davidson Ben , Lopez Rafel , Melero Ignacio , Navarro Samuel , Ramon y Cajal Santiago , de Alava Enrique , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Noguera Rosa
Published: June 2021

The invasive tumor front (the tumor–host interface) is vitally important in malignant cell progression and metastasis. Tumor cell interactions with resident and infiltrating host cells and with the surrounding extracellular matrix and secreted factors ultimately determine the fate of the tumor. Herein we focus on the invasive tumor front, making an in-depth characterization of reticular fiber scaffolding, infiltrating immune cells, gene expression, and epigenetic profiles of classified aggressive primary uterine adenocarcinomas (24 patients) and leiomyosarcomas (11 patients). Sections of formalin-fixed samples before and after microdissection were scanned and studied. Reticular fiber architecture and immune cell infiltration were analyzed by automatized algorithms in colocalized regions of interest. Despite morphometric resemblance between reticular fibers and high presence of macrophages, we found some variance in other immune cell populations and distinctive gene expression and cell adhesion-related methylation signatures. Although no evident overall differences in immune response were detected at the gene expression and methylation level, impaired antimicrobial humoral response might be involved in uterine leiomyosarcoma spread. Similarities found at the invasive tumor front of uterine adenocarcinomas and leiomyosarcomas could facilitate the use of common biomarkers and therapies. Furthermore, molecular and architectural characterization of the invasive front of uterine malignancies may provide additional prognostic information beyond established prognostic factors.
Prolonged Hypophosphatemia and Intensive Care After Curative Surgery of Tumor Induced Osteomalacia: A Case Report
Authors: Ryhänen Eeva M. , Schalin-Jäntti Camilla , Matikainen Niina
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Rare FGF23-producing mesenchymal tumors lead to paraneoplastic tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) presenting with phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, chronic hypomineralization of the bone, fragility fractures and muscle weakness. Diagnosis of TIO requires exclusion of other etiologies and careful search for a mesenchymal tumor that often is very small and can appear anywhere in the body. Surgical removal of the tumor is the only definitive treatment of TIO. Surgical complications due to chronic hypophosphatemia are not well recognized.

Case Description

The current case describes severe fragility fractures in a 58-year-old woman, who lost her ability to walk and was bedridden for two years. First, the initial diagnostic laboratory work-up did not include serum phosphorus measurements, second, the suspicion of adverse effects of pioglitazone as an underlying cause delayed correct diagnosis for at least two years. After biochemical discovery of hyperphosphaturic hypophosphatemia at a tertiary referral centre, a FGF23-producing tumor of the mandible was discovered on physical examination, and then surgically removed. Postoperatively, severe hypophosphatemia and muscle weakness prolonged the need for ventilation support, intensive care and phosphate supplementation. After two years of rehabilitation, the patient was able to walk short distances. The tumor has not recurred, and serum phosphate concentration has remained within normal limits during 3.5 years of follow-up.

Conclusions

The case report illustrates knowledge gaps in the diagnostic work-up of rare causes of low bone mass and fragility fractures. Compared to other low phosphate conditions, surgical recovery from TIO-induced hypophosphatemia warrants special attention. Increased alkaline phosphatase concentration may indicate impaired postsurgical recovery due to prolonged hypophosphatemia, underlining the need for proactive perioperative correction of hypophosphatemia.